bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Applied Digital Documentation with Parametric 3D Modeling and Internet of Trees Functionality for Smart Forests and Monument Landscapes
Authors: Varveris Dimitrios
Published: February 2023

The Problem: The classic traditional digital documentation (i.e. study, design, development, and maintenance of forests, parks, and monument landscapes) shows significant problems of functionality, adaptability, sustainability, velocity, and viability.

Target & Research Objectives: In the framework of forests, parks, and monument landscapes, the massive volumes of Big Data (greater variety, arriving in increasing volumes, and with more velocity) can be used to address documentation problems that wouldn’t have been able to tackle before. Smart forest, as an Internet- enabled “product”, requires Big Data because it operates in real-time and requires real-time evaluation and action. Also, the recent research and practice advances in Blockchain data structures and Distributed Ledger Technologies (DLT) support generic structures with many services (e.g. parametric functionality). Hence, a DLT smart digital documentation can address the documentation problems.

The research objectives, for digital documentation with blockchain functionality (DLT smart documentation), are defined by grouping in user-friendly palettes generic 3D CAD modeling tools which could be parameterized (e.g. trees modeling) in order to support adaptability; and by designing a new flexible and customized GUI (Graphical User Interface).

Methods: The proposed methodology is based on parameterized 3D modeling of trees usually found in forests and urban parks (width and height parameters). Also, a personalized GUI operates as an interface between the end-user and the parameterized CAD (GUI palettes with many 3D modeling tools). Hence, in this paper, a parameterized 3D design is examined, analyzed, and presented in the context of digital documentation with internet of trees functionality for smart forests, urban parks, monument landscapes, and cultural heritage.

Results: From the research conducted the results are: (i) a personalized, innovative, and flexible graphical interface (GUI) that could be incorporated in any commercial CAD environment; (ii) many parameterized 3D design tools specialized in the development of forms, plans, and modules (e.g., parametric tree 3D models) of objects and entities found in forests, urban parks, and monument landscapes; and (iii) the introduced internet of trees operativity (software routine), ideal for smart forests, smart monument landscapes, and landscape architecture digital documentation applications with blockchain functionality.

Application: Possibility to support foresters, engineers, and landscape architects in development studies and documentation of peri-urban forests, recreational parks, pocket parks, monument landscapes, and cultural heritage projects. Increased integration functionality in blockchain knowledge databases.
A benign psychosis?
Authors: McQueen Cilla
Published: February 2023

Recently I read in the poetry annual Fulcrum the poet Fred d'Aguiar's notes on his work with a poet/ patient whose ability to articulate the anguish of her inner world was not sufficient to prevent her suicide. He describes this unhappy outcome as"not a failure of her self, or her artistic abilities, but a failure of utterance itself when deployed in difficult psychological terrain?? writing herself back to health held a limited purchase for her and her troubled psyche." He concludes with regret that "had she lived, she would have continued to write and perhaps written some lasting poems, but not a line of it would have mended her mind."
Love - rights - solidarity
Authors: Frerichs Gudrun
Published: February 2023

The aim of this paper is to explore overarching principles that need to be present in each therapeutic encounter, no matter what orientation the therapist has and independent of the status of the client's mental health. Such over-arching principles can be drawn from 'Recognition Theory', a philosophical concept developed by critical social theorists that offers a language that moves away from pathologising and labeling clients as ill or deficient and towards identifying those experiences that are understood as necessary for identity formation and self realization.
Uncanny phenomena in psychotherapy
Authors: Rosenberg Linde
Published: February 2023

This paper is based on my master's thesis research into Pakeha and Maori psychotherapists' and counsellors' experiences of inexplicable phenomena while working with clients. These phenomena may take the form of 'uncanny' knowings, 'synchronistic' dreams, bizarre visual images, or 'spirit forms'. The experiences create feelings of profound loving connectedness and of being part of a greater whole where self and other, dream and reality, and time and space are not as distinct as they appear in everyday life. At these times, therapists and counsellors often describe feeling as if they have access to universal knowledge or are being spoken to by an intelligent Other. I discuss these experiences and interpretations and the problematic place these phenomena have within psychoanalytic theory whereby they have largely been excluded from discussion.
Honouring the ancestors
Authors: Daniel Wilson
Published: February 2023

I feel privileged to have been invited to write in honour of Lewis as one of the tipuna (ancestors) of this Association. In this enjoyable exercise I have been helped greatly by the generous input of information from Joy Lowery, members of the immediate family, friends and colleagues who have shared a wide variety of perspectives. What follows is not meant to be a eulogy or a repetition of tributes offered already in the aftermath of Lewis's death, but rather a personal portrait of the man in his essential humanity.
Characterization of Mental Health in US Veterans Before, During, and 2 Years After the Onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Fischer Ian C. , Na Peter J. , Harpaz-Rotem Ilan , Krystal John H. , Pietrzak Robert H.
Published: February 2023

This cohort study of US veterans reports changes in rates of anxiety and depressive disorders following the COVID-19 pandemic.
Reduced FRG1 expression promotes angiogenesis via activation of the FGF2‐mediated ERK/AKT pathway
Authors: Mukherjee Bratati , Brahma Pratush , Mohapatra Talina , Chawla Saurabh , Dixit Manjusha
Published: February 2023

Identifying novel targets that control both tumorigenesis and angiogenesis can aid in developing a more potent anti‐angiogenic therapeutic strategy. We previously reported that reduction of FRG1 is associated with increased p38‐MAPK signaling in prostate cancer and with elevated MEK–ERK signaling in breast cancer. Here, we reveal the role of FRG1 in tumor angiogenesis. Our findings demonstrate that depleted FRG1 levels enhance the proliferation, migration, and tubule formation of HUVECs in a paracrine manner, and this was further substantiated in multiple animal models. Mechanistically, FRG1 depletion activated the expression of FGF2 in breast cancer cells, which triggered the ERK/AKT cascade in endothelial cells. As FRG1 affects multiple tumorigenic properties and it is upstream of FGF2, it can be explored as a therapeutic target that is less prone to resistance.
The starting and continuation factors of smartphone use while walking from a station's ticket gate
Authors: Watanabe Kentaro , Endo Ryohei , Iwata Shinichiro
Published: February 2023

This study clarifies the tendency of train users to use smartphones while walking from the station ticket gate. Pedestrians who have a smartphone in their hand at the ticket gate and have to wait for more than 40 s at the stoplight tend to use their smartphones. The presence of other pedestrians in close proximity encourages continuing use but does not encourage starting use. Smartphone usage occurs frequently at places that are within 200 m of a stay place because smartphone users cannot stop using the smartphone immediately after they leave a stay place and they can use other pedestrians as walking guides.
Mitigating Surface Deficiencies of Perovskite Single Crystals Enables Efficient Solar Cells with Enhanced Moisture and Reverse‐Bias Stability
Authors: Guo Xinbo , Li Ning , Xu Yushu , Zhao Jianfu , Cui Fucai , Chen Yimu , Du Xiaoyan , Song Qinghai , Zhang Guodong , Cheng Xiao , Tao Xutang , Chen Zhaolai
Published: February 2023

Metal halide perovskite single crystals are promising for diverse optoelectronic applications due to their outstanding properties. In comparison to the bulk, the crystal surface suffers from high defect density and is moisture sensitive; however, surface modification strategies of perovskite single crystals are relatively deficient. Herein, solar cells based on methylammonium lead triiodide (MAPbI3) thin single crystals are selected as a prototype to improve single‐crystal perovskite devices by surface modification. The surface trap passivation and protection against moisture of MAPbI3 thin single crystals are achieved by one bifunctional molecule 3‐mercaptopropyl(dimethoxy)methylsilane (MDMS). The sulfur atom of MDMS can coordinate with bare Pb2+ of MAPbI3 single crystals to reduce surface defect density and nonradiative recombination. As a result, the modified devices show a remarkable efficiency of 22.2%, which is the highest value for single‐crystal MAPbI3 solar cells. Moreover, MDMS modification mitigates surface ion migration, leading to enhanced reverse‐bias stability. Finally, the cross‐link of silane molecules forms a protective layer on the crystal surface, which results in enhanced moisture stability of both materials and devices. This work provides an effective way for surface modification of perovskite single crystals, which is important for improving the performance of single‐crystal perovskite solar cells, photodetectors, X‐ray detectors, etc.
Hydrated Bi‐Ti‐Bimetal Ethylene Glycol: A New High‐Capacity and Stable Anode Material for Potassium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Li Ziquan , Wen Jinquan , Cai Yuqing , Lv Fengting , Zeng Xu , Liu Qian , Masese Titus , Zhang Chuanxiang , Yang Xusheng , Ma Yanwen , Zhang Haijiao , Huang Zhen‐Dong
Published: February 2023

Potassium‐ion batteries have emerged not only as low‐cost alternatives to lithium‐ion batteries, but also as high‐voltage energy storage systems. However, their development is still encumbered by the scarcity of high‐performance electrode materials that can endure successive potassium‐ion uptake. Herein, a hydrated Bi‐Ti bimetallic ethylene glycol (H‐Bi‐Ti‐EG) compound is reported as a new high‐capacity and stable anode material for potassium storage. H‐Bi‐Ti‐EG possesses a long‐range disordered layered framework, which helps to facilitate electrolyte ingress into the entire Bi nanoparticles. A suite of spectroscopic analyses reveals the in situ formation Bi nanoparticles within the organic polymer matrix, which can alleviate stresses caused by the huge volume expansion/contraction during deep cycles, thereby maintaining the superior structural integrity of H‐Bi‐Ti‐EG organic anode. As expected, H‐Bi‐Ti‐EG anode exhibits a high capacity and superior long‐term cycling stability. Importantly for potassium storage, it can be cycled at current densities of 0.1, 0.5, 1, and 2 Ag−1 for 800, 700, 1000, and even 6000 cycles, retaining charging capacities of 361, 206, 185, and 85.8 mAh g−1, respectively. The scalable synthetic method along with the outstanding electrochemical performance of hydrated Bi‐Ti‐EG, which is superior to other reported Bi‐based anode materials, places it as a promising anode material for high‐performance potassium storage.
Robust Biocompatible Fibers from Silk Fibroin Coated MXene Sheets
Authors: Usman Ken Aldren S. , Yao Ya , Bacal Christine Jurene O. , Zhang Jizhen , Jarvis Karyn L. , Lynch Peter A. , Mota‐Santiago Pablo , Qin Si , Naebe Minoo , Henderson Luke C. , Hegh Dylan Y. , Allardyce Benjamin J. , Razal Joselito M.
Published: February 2023

Conductive fibers are needed for the development of flexible electronic and biomedical devices. MXene fibers show great promise for use in such applications because of their high conductivity. Current literature on MXene fiber development highlights the need for improving their mechanical properties and investigation of biocompatibility. Here the use of silk fibroin biopolymer as a MXene formulation additive for the production of MXene fibers is studied. It is found that the favorable silk fibroin–MXene interactions resulted in improved durability, withstanding up to 1 h of high frequency sonication in buffered solutions. Furthermore, fibers with ≈5 wt% silk fibroin displays interesting properties including high conductivity (≈3700 S cm−1), high volumetric capacitance (≈910 F cm−3), and non‐cytotoxicity toward THP‐1 monocytic cells. The results presented here provide an important insight into potential use of MXene fibers in flexible electronics and biomedical applications.
Does farmer sexual orientation influence profitability on US farms? An empirical examination using census of agriculture data
Authors: Fisher Monica , Lewin Paul A. , Dentzman Katherine , Pilgeram Ryanne
Published: February 2023

Using Census of Agriculture (2017) data, we investigate the association between the principal operator's sexual orientation and farm profitability. Farms run by a male principal operator married to another male (MMM) have higher profits than farms run by a male principal operator married to a woman (MMW), a woman married to a man (WMM), and a woman married to another woman (WMW). Having two men on farm confers profit advantages. Compared with other marital combinations studied, MMM operate large‐scale farms, are more experienced farmers, and are more likely to engage in commodity agriculture. Findings suggest gender, not sexual orientation, is driving the observed profit gaps.
Urea briquettes combined with a fertilizer blend reduces fertilizer costs and improves yields of irrigated rice in Rwanda
Authors: Kayumba John , Wendt John , Cyamweshi Athanase Rusanganwa , Ndayisaba Pierre Celestin , Kuyah Shem , Ngunjiri Mercy , Rutebuka Jules , Nabahungu Leon Nsharwasi
Published: February 2023

We evaluated the yield and potential economic impact in Rwanda of replacing the standard lowland rice (Oryza sativa L.) fertilizer recommendation from the current practice of 200 kg NPK 17‐17‐17 ha−1 and 100 kg urea ha−1 with a basal blend of 74 kg diammonium phosphate (DAP), 57 kg potassium chloride (KCl), and deep placement of 112.5 kg urea briquettes ha−1 at 4 weeks after transplanting. Experiments were carried out in nine diverse marshlands across Rwanda in the long and short rainy seasons of 2016, with the two fertilizer treatments and a no‐fertilizer control. Compared to the current practice, the urea deep placement (UDP) package increased yields by 1.08 and 0.84 mt ha−1 in the respective seasons, while at the same time lowering N fertilizer rate by 15 kg ha−1. Average value to cost ratio increased from 1.89 (current recommendation) to 3.16 (UDP recommendation) and would be still greater than 2.0 at six times increase in labor cost. The cost of fertilizer recommendation (fertilizer cost plus application cost) was lower with the UDP package due to replacing 17‐17‐17 with a lower rate of the DAP and KCl combination. The overall average net benefit of US$300 ha−1 was substantial. Should labor cost increase by eight times compared to the current $1.52 per person‐day, UDP would still provide a benefit of $150–$207 ha−1 compared to the current practice. On a national scale, converting to the UDP package recommendation would result in additional 32,000 mt rice and increase farmer revenue by some US$10 million annually.
PaleogeneFicusleaves from India and their implications for fig evolution and diversification
Authors: Chandra Kajal , Spicer R. A. , Shukla Anumeha , Spicer Teresa , Mehrotra R. C. , Singh Amit Kumar
Published: February 2023

Premise

Ficusis a scientifically and economically important genus with abundant fossil records from the Paleocene to Pleistocene, but with an intriguing early evolutionary history that remains unresolved. Here, the foliage of three well‐preserved figs is described from the early Paleogene succession of the Gurha mine, Rajasthan, India. These fossils provide new morphological data that strengthens our understanding of the past occurrences ofFicusand, alongside all validly published records of fossil figs, helps to trace the evolutionary history of figs.

Methods

Fossils were identified and described by comparison with their closest modern analogs using the Nearest Living Relative (NLR) technique. Validated fig records are listed and categorized into six geological time frames. Modern precipitation data for the current distributions of NLRs were downloaded from the Climatic Research Unit Timeseries.

Results

Fossil leaves assigned to three new speciesFicus paleodicranostyla,F. paleovariegata, andF. paleoauriculataclosely resemble their modern analogs based on leaf morphology. Reliable fossil records were used to hypothesize historical fig distributions and paleodispersal pathways. Precipitation data suggest higher precipitations at the fossil locality during the early Paleogene than at present.

Conclusions

The fossils described herein supplement fig fossil records known from other regions indicating that figs were widely diverse across low latitudes by the early Paleogene. These data support a Eurasian origin for figs, highlight a pivotal role for the Indian subcontinent during the early phase of fig diversification, and depict a perhumid‐to‐humid climate with high rainfall concordant with paleoclimate evidence from the Gurha mine.
RAFT‐Mediated Emulsion Polymerization‐Induced Self‐Assembly for the Synthesis of Core‐Degradable Waterborne Particles
Authors: Galanopoulo Paul , Gil Noémie , Gigmes Didier , Lefay Catherine , Guillaneuf Yohann , Lages Maëlle , Nicolas Julien , D'Agosto Franck , Lansalot Muriel
Published: February 2023

Poly(N‐acryloylmorpholine) (PNAM)‐decorated waterborne nanoparticles comprising a core of either degradable polystyrene (PS) or poly(n‐butyl acrylate) (PBA) were synthesized by polymerization‐induced self‐assembly (PISA) in water. A PNAM bearing a trithiocarbonate chain end (PNAM‐TTC) was extended via reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT)‐mediated emulsion copolymerization of either styrene (S) or n‐butyl acrylate (BA) with dibenzo[c,e]oxepane‐5‐thione (DOT). Well‐defined amphiphilic block copolymers were obtained. The in situ self‐assembly of these polymers resulted in the formation of stable nanoparticles. The insertion of thioester units in the vinylic blocks enabled their degradation under basic conditions. The same strategy was then applied to the emulsion copolymerization of BA with DOT using a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) equipped with a trithiocarbonate end group, resulting in PEG‐decorated nanoparticles with degradable PBA‐based cores.
Carbon Encapsulated NiCo2S4 Nanoparticles with Enhanced Surface Mediated Charge Storage for Superior Ultracapacitor Electrodes
Authors: Chaturvedi Vikash , Pawar Meenakshi , Thripuranthaka M. , Shivade Rajkiran , Shelke Manjusha V.
Published: February 2023

Three different compositions of NiCo2S4 (NCS) materials were prepared using three solvents, named NCS HTDI (hydrothermal in DI water), NCS STEG (solvothermal in ethylene glycol), and a novel carbon‐encapsulated NCS STFA (solvothermal in formamide). The structural and morphological properties of the prepared NCS HTDI, NCS STEG, and NCS HTDI materials were analyzed using various physical characterization techniques. As prepared, NCS materials were tested as an electrode for supercapacitor (SC) application using a 3‐electrode system in a basic electrolyte (3 M KOH). NCS HTDI exhibits a specific capacitance of 2536 F g−1, NCS STEG shows 1355 F g−1, and NCS STFA shows 1178 F g−1 at an input current density of 1 A g−1. The SBN‐PSC material is utilized as a counter electrode in the NCS STFA || SBN‐PSC‐based asymmetric SC device. The device exhibits exceptionally superior electrochemical performance with a specific capacitance of 172 F g−1 at 10 A g−1 input current density and 97% capacity retention after 5000 cycles in a voltage window of 1.6 V. The results confirm the superiority of NCS STFA||SBN‐PSC deviceas an excellent high‐energy and high‐power SC.
(Localized) Highly Concentrated Electrolytes for Calcium Batteries
Authors: Martin Pierre‐Alexandre , Årén Fabian , Johansson Patrik
Published: February 2023

The concept of non‐aqueous highly concentrated electrolytes (HCEs) for modern rechargeable batteries has recently evolved further by also adding a non‐coordinating solvent, i. e., a diluent, to create localized HCEs (LHCEs). LHCEs rely on a charge carrier design similar to that of HCEs in synergy with tailored macroscopic properties, especially reduced viscosity. LHCEs have now been extensively investigated for monovalent Li+ and Na+ based batteries, but here we investigate both HCEs and LHCEs for divalent Ca2+ conducting systems. Here we systematically map both molecular and macroscopic features as function of composition of Ca(TFSI)2 (calcium bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide) in PC (propylene carbonate) based HCEs as well as the corresponding LHCEs created using TTE (1,1,2,2‐tetrafluoroethyl‐2,2,3,3‐tetrafluoropropyl ether) as diluent. Some unique HCE properties arise already at ca. 2.00 m, which is at a lower salt concentration than for monovalent systems, and in addition the local structure of the HCE can be maintained even within a nominal 0.45 m LHCE (starting from a 3.26 m parent HCE). The combined observations made at molecular and macro levels pave the way for further optimization of important physico‐chemical properties, proper design of electrochemical investigations, and eventually a better understanding of how to best improve the desolvation kinetics at e. g., the electrolyte/electrode interfaces of a Ca metal anode.
Reduction of greenhouse gas emissions via flexible operation of cross‐sector integrated energy systems under uncertainties in demand, fuel prices, and solar irradiation
Authors: Li Ruonan , Mahalec Vladimir
Published: February 2023

This work investigates how the flexible operation of the light industrial plants integrated in a cross‐sector energy cluster with community energy systems can achieve further greenhouse gas (GHG) reductions under uncertainties associated with natural gas prices, solar irradiation, as well as heating, cooling, and electricity demand. The optimal flexible operation and design of a cross‐sector integrated cluster comprising a bakery plant, a brewery, a confectionery plant, a residential building, and a supermarket under uncertainties are compared to the operation and design of systems without uncertainties. When uncertainties are considered, the overall GHG emissions of the integrated system with steady industrial production rates for all uncertainty scenarios are over 4% higher than the integrated system in the deterministic scenario (a single scenario). Flexible operation of the industrial plants, whereby production rates are varied throughout the day, contributes an additional 3% reduction in GHG emissions under uncertainties, where the GHG emissions are only 1% higher than the deterministic scenario. Additionally, the system with flexible production rates purchases over 14.3% less electricity from the grid and uses over 72.2% less natural gas for operating the backup boiler, which relies less on supplementary energy resources. This shows that optimally designed integrated systems with flexible industry production schedules are resilient to uncertainties in energy demands, daily weather fluctuations, and fuel prices.
Loss to follow‐up of minorities, adolescents, and young adults on clinical trials: A report from the Children's Oncology Group
Authors: Puthenpura Vidya , Ji Lingyun , Xu Xinxin , Roth Michael E. , Freyer David R. , Frazier A. Lindsay , Marks Asher M. , Pashankar Farzana D.
Published: February 2023

Background

The increasing number of childhood cancer survivors necessitates continued follow‐up to monitor for long‐term complications. Inequities in loss to follow‐up for patients enrolled on pediatric clinical trials have not been well studied.

Methods

This was a retrospective study of 21,084 patients residing in the United States enrolled on phase 2/3 and phase 3 Children's Oncology Group (COG) trials between January 1, 2000 and March 31, 2021. Rates of loss to follow‐up to COG were evaluated using log‐rank tests and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models with adjusted hazard ratios (HRs). Demographic characteristics included age at enrollment, race, ethnicity, and zip code level socioeconomic data.

Results

Adolescent and young adult (AYA) patients 15–39 years old at diagnosis had an increased hazard of loss to follow‐up compared to patients 0–14 years old (HR, 1.89; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.76–2.02). In the overall cohort, non‐Hispanic Blacks were found to have an increased hazard of loss to follow‐up compared to non‐Hispanic Whites (HR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.43–1.70). Among AYAs, the highest loss to follow‐up rates were among non‐Hispanic Blacks (69.8% ± 3.1%), patients on germ cell tumor trials (78.2% ± 9.2%), and patients living in zip codes with a median household income ≤150% of the federal poverty line at diagnosis (66.7% ± 2.4%).

Conclusions

AYAs, racial and ethnic minority patients, and those living in lower socioeconomic status areas had the highest rates of loss to follow‐up among clinical trial participants. Targeted interventions are warranted to ensure equitable follow‐up and improved assessment of long‐term outcomes.

Plain Language Summary

Little is known about disparities in loss to follow‐up for pediatric cancer clinical trial participants.

In this study, we found that participants who were adolescents and young adults when treated, those who identified as a racial and/or ethnic minority, or those residing in areas with lower socioeconomic status at diagnosis were associated with higher rates of loss to follow‐up.

As a result, the ability to assess their long‐term survival, treatment‐related health conditions, and quality of life is hindered.

These findings suggest the need for targeted interventions to improve long‐term follow‐up among disadvantaged pediatric clinical trial participants.
Design of compact two‐port dual‐band dual‐polarized MIMO antenna for CBRS and WLAN sub‐6‐GHz applications
Authors: Krishna Kanth Varma Penmatsa , Narayanaswamy Nagesh Kallollu
Published: February 2023

This communication presents a compact field de‐correlation lines integrated dual band with dual‐polarized (LP & CP) multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) antenna for the fifth generation (5G) sub‐6‐GHz wireless communication systems. Dual working bandwidths, smaller interelement gaps, and superior isolation within the MIMO components are the distinguishing characteristics that give the proposed MIMO system an aspect of novelty. The modeled MIMO antenna has compact configurations of 20 × 21 × 0.8 mm3. The unit cell consists of a microstrip feed line with optimized rectangular slots branches etched from the radiated patch. The MIMO module is generated by the antiparallel replication of a single unit cell. To enhance the isolation, two rectangular slots are incorporated on the patch between the unit elements, which act as field de‐correlation lines. The MIMO identity is supported by diversity performance calculations in terms of ECC, DG, and TARC. Simulated and measured counterparts are found in the agreement.
Estimating eDNA shedding and decay rates for muskellunge in early stages of development
Authors: Wilder Maxwell L. , Farrell John M. , Green Hyatt C.
Published: February 2023

Estimating population size and species distribution is essential for fisheries management and conservation. Traditionally, estimates rely on live‐capture and visual surveys; however, these approaches are challenging for low density or elusive species and sensitive habitats. Environmental DNA (eDNA) has shown potential to improve fisheries management, offering a sensitive tool for species detection while reducing some of the unintended harm, uncertainties, and cost of traditional approaches. For eDNA to be incorporated into quantitative population estimates, variability in factors such as DNA shedding and decay must be understood. We assess shedding and decay rates for three developmental stages of muskellunge (Esox masquinongy), a recreational species of social and economic importance and an apex predator of conservation priority in the St. Lawrence River. By housing fish at different biomass levels, we attempt to assess how crowding, and underlying behavioral and/or metabolic responses, affects shedding and decay. Additionally, we collected water from spawning bays and compared eDNA detections to live‐capture data. Total eDNA shedding rates for muskellunge were similar to values reported in previous studies of freshwater fishes and ranged from 9.92 × 103 copies/h/fish for larvae to 1.32 × 106 copies/h/fish for juveniles. Adjusting shedding rates for fish mass revealed no significant difference between larvae and juveniles. eDNA decay rates varied between life stages and experimental aquaria, with coefficients ranging from 0.064 to 0.259. We were unable to detect eDNA from hardened embryos even at high density. Muskellunge DNA was quantified in over 27% of samples from spawning bays, including bays where muskellunge were not captured with traditional approaches. The recovery of muskellunge eDNA in quantifiable levels, often in the absence of live capture, highlights the potential for eDNA approaches to supplement muskellunge monitoring and management. eDNA shedding and decay rates estimated here may also aid in interpretation of future data.
Soybean Oil and Selenium Yeast Supplementation in Quail's Diet: Productive Performance, Fatty Acid Profile, Enzyme Activity, and Oxidative Stability of Meat
Authors: Brito José Mares Félix , Pascoal Leonardo Augusto Fonseca , Jordão Filho José , Melo Thiago Sousa , Almeida Jonathan Mádson dos Santos , de Almeida Jorge Luiz Santos , Moreira Filho Alexandre Lemos de Barros , Alcântara Maristela Alves , Grisi Cristiani Viegas Brandão , Cordeiro Angela Maria Tribuzy de Magalhães
Published: February 2023

The objective of this study is to evaluate the influence of different soybean oil (SO) and selenium yeast (SeY) levels in the diet of meat quails on productive performance, physicochemical, quality measurements, fatty acid profile, enzyme activity estimation, and oxidative stability of meat. A total of 288 one‐day old commercial meat quails are allocated into four groups according to a completely randomized experimental design, with two levels of SO (1.5% and 3.0%) and SeY (0 and 0.15 mg kg−1) in the feed. The supplementation period is 42 days. The use of up to 3% supplementation of SO in the diet improves (p < 0.05) the productive performance. The polyunsaturated acid content and thiobarbituric acid value in the meat are increased (p < 0.05) as an effect of the SO increase in the diet. The use of SeY in quail diets associates with 3% inclusion of SO and promotes improvements in the qualitative parameters of the quail meat. Therefore, the inclusion of 0.15 mg kg−1 of SeY in the diets is a viable alternative for improving the oxidative stability of meat since it improves the qualitative parameters of quail meat in diets with a high inclusion of SO.

Practical Applications: These results have practical applicability in the meat industry, since it is possible to change the lipid profile of this raw material, meeting the requirement of the consumer market for healthy foods, reducing the total cholesterol content, and nutritionally desirable, through enrichment with polyunsaturated fatty acids.
Diagnosis and treatment protocol for COVID‐19 patients (Tentative 10th Version)
Authors:   Released by National Health Commission of People's Republic of China & National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine on January 5, 2023
Published: February 2023

To further improve the diagnosis and treatment of COVID‐19, the National Health Commission of People's Republic of China and the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine convened a group of experts to revise the relevant content of the Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol for COVID‐19 Patients (Trial Version 9) and developed the Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol for COVID‐19 Patients (Trial Version 10), summarizing the etiological characteristics, epidemiological characteristics, prevention, clinical features, diagnosis, clinical classification, population with high risk of severe/critical illnesses, early warning predictors for severe/critical illnesses, differential diagnosis, case identification and reporting, treatment, nursing, control of nosocomial infection in medical institutions, and discharge criteria for inpatients.
Impact of porosity and radiation on two‐dimensional unsteady magnetohydrodynamics heat transfer stagnation point flow with viscous dissipation
Authors: Reddy Nalivela Nagi , Yanala Dharmendar Reddy , Goud B. Shankar , Vempati Srinivasa Rao
Published: February 2023

The current study aims to investigate the influence of porosity in the presence of radiation, and viscous dissipation on two‐dimensional unsteady magnetohydrodynamics mixed convection heat and mass transfer flow at the stagnation point. The governing time‐dependent nonlinear partial differential equations are converted into a nonlinear ordinary differential equation by utilizing similarity transformations. The transformed equations are solved by employing the bvp4c technique, a well‐known numerical approach. The influence of nondimensional factors on fluid velocity, temperature, and species concentration profiles is explored and graphically represented. For varied values of the Prandtl number, magnetic field, and Schmidt number, the friction factor, Nusselt, and Sherwood numbers are also explored and provided in tabular format. As increasing the porosity parameter, the temperature profile, concentration profile is growing, and velocity profile diminishes. The conclusions of this study are widely accepted by the scientific community.
Assessment of flood dynamics in a mountain stream using high‐resolution river flow records
Authors: Xiao Cong , Kawanisi Kiyosi , Al Sawaf Mohamad Basel , Zhu Xiao Hua
Published: February 2023

Understanding the streamflow hydrodynamics is important for forecasting flooding phenomena in mountainous rivers. Accordingly, based on long‐term runoff observations obtained using diverse runoff techniques (i.e., rating curves and fluvial acoustic tomography (FAT)), the authors (1) evaluated and explored flood phenomena, (2) discussed the effects of dams on flood hydrograph, (3) and revealed backwater effects caused by river channel bends, sand bars, and floodplains. The duration and slope of the falling limb of the hydrograph were directly influenced by the catchment characteristics that affected runoff recession, whereas the behaviour of the rising limb of the hydrograph was directly influenced by rainfall. A weaker correlation between discharge and rainfall in higher flood events indicates that rainfall events were strongly altered by water released from dams in the basin. Additionally, because of the backwater effects, the rate at which the flow velocity and boundary shear stress changed with the increasing discharge was reduced, potentially slowing the pace of erosion. Our findings are relevant for managing mountain rivers, particularly in river bend reaches prone to backwater effects. The FAT method could help increase the ability to monitor short‐term fluctuations in floods and associated hazards.
An integrated multiomics analysis of rectal cancer patients identified POU2F3 as a putative druggable target and entinostat as a cytotoxic enhancer of 5‐fluorouracil
Authors: D'Angelo Edoardo , Pastrello Chiara , Biccari Andrea , Marangio Asia , Sensi Francesca , Crotti Sara , Fassan Matteo , Jurisica Igor , Pucciarelli Salvatore , Agostini Marco
Published: February 2023

Rectal cancer (RC) accounts for one‐third of colorectal cancers (CRC), and 40% of these are locally advanced rectal cancers (LARC). The use of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) significantly reduces the rate of local recurrence compared to adjuvant therapy or surgery alone. However, after nCRT, up to 40%‐60% of patients show a poor pathological response, while only about 20% achieve a pathological complete response. In this scenario, the identification of novel predictors of tumor response to nCRT is urgently needed to reduce LARC mortality and to spare poorly responding patients from unnecessary treatments. Therefore, by combining gene and microRNA expression datasets with proteomic data from LARC patients, we developed an integrated network centered on seven hub‐genes putatively involved in the response to nCRT. In an independent validation cohort of LARC patients, we confirmed that differential expression of NFKB1, TRAF6 and STAT3 is correlated with the response to nCRT. In addition, the functional enrichment analysis also revealed that these genes are strongly related to hallmarks of cancer and inflammation, whose dysfunction may causatively affect LARC patient's response to nCRT. Furthermore, by constructing the transcription factor‐module network, we hypothesized a protective role of POU2F3 gene, which could be used as a new drug target in LARC patients. Finally, we identified and tested in vitro entinostat, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, as a chemical compound that could be combined with a classical therapeutic regimen in order to design more efficient therapeutic strategies in LARC management.
Efficient Synthesis of an Alkyne Fluorophosphonate Activity‐Based Probe and Applications in Dual Colour Serine Hydrolase Labelling
Authors: Yang Jian , Korovesis Dimitris , Ji Shanping , Kahler Jan Pascal , Vanhoutte Roeland , Verhelst Steven H. L.
Published: February 2023

Tagged fluorophosphonates (FP‐probes) were the first activity‐based probes to be reported in 1999. More than 20 years later, FP‐probes are widely used tools for the profiling of serine hydrolase‐activity. However, their synthesis tends to be cumbersome and low‐yielding. In this paper, we report a short and high‐yielding route towards an FP‐alkyne derivative. This probe is suitable for bioorthogonal 2‐step detection of serine hydrolases. Alternatively, it can be converted to an array of fluorescent probes via click chemistry to azide‐functionalized fluorophores. Here, we constructed red‐ and green‐fluorescent FP‐probes and applied these in dual colour labelling of whole proteomes. Specifically, we illustrate application in inhibitor assessment in tissue lysates and in a ‘pulse‐chase ABPP’ experiment in whole cells. Overall, we think that these probes, due to their high yield and different colours, are attractive for novel applications within ABPP.
The HIV paradox: Perinatal mortality is lower in HIV‐positive mothers—A field case–control study in Ethiopia
Authors: Fonzo M. , Zuanna T. D. , Amoruso I. , Resti C. , Tsegaye A. , Azzimonti G. , Sgorbissa B. , Centomo M. , Ferretti S. , Manenti F. , Putoto G. , Baldovin T. , Bertoncello C.
Published: February 2023

Objective

Sub‐Saharan African countries have the highest perinatal mortality rates. Although HIV is a risk factor for perinatal death, antioretroviral therapy (ART) programs have been associated with better outcomes. We aimed to investigate how maternal HIV affects perinatal mortality.

Methods

The authors performed a nested case–control study at Saint Luke Hospital, Wolisso, Ethiopia. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, current maternal conditions, obstetric history, and antenatal care (ANC) services utilization were collected. The association between perinatal mortality and HIV was assessed with logistic regression adjusting for potential confounders.

Results

A total of 3525 birthing women were enrolled, including 1175 cases and 2350 controls. Perinatal mortality was lower among HIV‐positive women (18.3% vs. 33.6%, P = 0.007). Crude analysis showed a protective effect of HIV (odds ratio, 0.442 [95% confidence interval, 0.241–0.810]), which remained after adjustment (adjusted odds ratio, 0.483 [95% confidence interval, 0.246–0.947]). Among HIV‐negative women, access to ANC for women from rural areas was almost half (18.8% vs. 36.2%; P < 0.001), whereas in HIV‐positive women, no differences were noted (P = 0.795).

Conclusion

Among HIV‐positive mothers, perinatal mortality was halved and differences in access to ANC services by area were eliminated. These data highlight the benefits of integrating ANC and HIV services in promoting access to the health care system, reducing inequalities and improving neonatal mortality.
Toward a mechanically biocompatible intervertebral disc: Engineering of combined biomimetic annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus analogs
Authors: Mordechai Haim S. , Aharonov Adi , Sharon Smadar E. , Bonshtein Iris , Simon Chen , Sivan Sarit S. , Sharabi Mirit
Published: February 2023

Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration and accompanying lower back pain impose global medical and societal challenges, affecting over 600 million people worldwide. The IVD complex fibrocartilaginous structure is responsible for the spine biomechanical function. The nucleus pulposus (NP), composed of swellable glycosaminoglycan (GAG), transfers compressive loads to the surrounding fiber‐reinforced annulus fibrosus (AF) lamellae, which stretches under tension. Together, these substructures allow the IVD to withstand extremely high and complex loads. Key to mimic the complete disc must consider the properties of its substructures. This study presents three novel substructures–a biomimetic silk‐reinforced composite lamella for the AF, a GAG analog for the NP, and a novel biomimetic combined AF‐NP construct. The biomimetic AF demonstrates nonlinear, hyperelastic, and anisotropic behavior similar to the native human AF, while the NP analog demonstrates mechanical behavior similar to the human NP. The synergized biomimetic AF‐NP demonstrates similar behavior to the unconfined NP, with significantly increased deformations indicating improved performance. Validation of the AF‐NP construct mechanics using a finite element model yields results compatible with native human IVD under various physiological loadings. The ability of our AF‐NP construct to mimic the native IVD offers a revolutionary concept for the potential development of a fully functional IVD.
Valorization of lignin to obtain platform chemicals via bio‐electrochemical systems: batch and fed‐batch mode analysis
Authors: Chang Changsomba , Gupta Pratima
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND

There is tremendous potential for reusing lignin, which is generally discarded as waste. This research analyses the batch and fed‐batch mode of the microbial peroxide‐producing cell (MPPC), a type of bio‐electrochemical cell that produces H2O2, a potent green oxidant utilized in the oxidation of Kraft lignin to produce platform chemicals with simultaneous wastewater treatment.

RESULTS

The batch mode MPPC had a total shelf life of 10 days, with a peak phase of 5 days and maximum H2O2 of 9.7 ± 0.06 mmol L−1, and voltage of 164 ± 0.021 mV. The intermittent nutrition feeding strategy of fed‐batch MPPCs aided microbe metabolic reactions, extending the system's lifespan to 21 days with a maximum voltage of 294 ± 0.01 to 525 ± 0.008 mV and H2O2 of 14.14 ± 0.12 to 32.96 ± 1.35 mmol L−1, respectively. This offered more exposure time for lignin hydroxyl radical oxidation by H2O2, with enhanced depolymerization of 37–80% of high lignin concentration in repeated cycles compared to batch mode, which accomplished only 53.46%. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the structural changes in lignin of all systems, displaying loss and disorientation of major functional groups with greater intensity in fed batch‐operated MPPCs. Platform chemicals with high commercial value, including guaiacol, ferulic acid, vanillin, and others, were identified using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. In terms of wastewater treatment, biochemical oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand removal efficiency ranged from 59% to 83%, with fed‐batch being the most efficient.

CONCLUSION

This research suggests that fed‐batch mode MPPC is significantly more productive than batch mode MPPC for lignin valorization to produce platform chemicals, making it more sustainable, economical, and environmentally friendly. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Cuproptosis‐related classification and personalized treatment in lower‐grade gliomas to prompt precise oncology
Authors: Shen Nanxi , Chen Shu , Liu Dong , Min Xiangde , Tan Qinghai
Published: February 2023

Background

Cuproptosis is implicated in regulating tricarboxylic acid cycle and associated with tumor therapeutic sensitivity, patient outcomes and tumorigenesis. However, the classification and prognostic effect of cuproptosis‐associated genes (CAGs), the relationship between cuproptosis and tumor microenvironment (TME) and the treatment of lower‐grade glioma (LrGG) remain enigmatic.

Methods

The genetic and transcriptional alterations, prognostic value and classification related to cuproptosis were systematically analyzed. Subtypes of cuproptosis and cuproptosis score (Cuscore) were constructed and further confirmed by two external cohorts. The relationships between cuproptosis and TME, prognosis, and treatment response were also evaluated.

Results

Four clusters were identified based on cuproptosis‐associated genes. The associations between cuproptosis‐associated clusters and clinical features, prognosis, immune cell infiltration, and chemotherapy sensitivity were observed. The Cuscore is an independent prognostic indicator in LrGG patients. The nomogram is constructed according to Cuscore and clinical characteristics, and has good predictive ability and calibration. Patients with high Cuscore had a worse prognosis and advanced performance. A higher Cuscore also indicated a higher stromal score, abundant immune infiltration, and increased tumor mutation burden. A high Cuscore was remarkably related to immune checkpoint inhibitors, immunotherapy response and immune phenotype.

Conclusions

This study demonstrates the clinical effect of CAGs, and suggests that cuproptosis could be a potential therapeutic target in LrGG.