bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluasi Pelayanan Bandar Udara Hang Nadim Batam Dengan Analisis Kesenjangan (GAP) Dan Model Kano
Authors: Winahyu Sri Hapsari , Subekti Sitti
Published: December 2018

Bandar udara merupakan salah satu bagian dari sistem jaringan transportasi udara. Perkembangan informasi mendorong pengguna jasa tranportasi semakin kritis terhadap pelayanan publik.Kualitas pelayanan menjadi isu yang penting dalam pengelolaan layanan transportasi, termasuk pada jasa  transportasi udara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengetahui kesenjangan (gap) antara persepsi dan harapan penumpang terhadap pelayanan Bandar Udara Hang Nadim Batam dan (2) variabel jasa yang perlu mendapatkan perbaikan/peningkatan pelayanan dari pengelola Bandar Udara Hang Nadim berdasarkan model Kano. Data primer diperoleh dari kuesioner dari 33 responden dan  pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada Desember 2013. Analisis data penelitian dilakukan dengan metode kesenjangan (gap) dan model Kano. Berdasarkan hasil analisis diketahui (1) seluruh variabel penelitian mempunyai nilai kesenjangan negatif, hal ini berarti pelayanan Bandar Udara Hang Nadim masih kurang memuaskan berdasarkan kesenjangan (gap) persepsi dan harapan penumpang dan (2) berdasarkan model Kano terdapat 8 (delapan) variabel jasa yang perlu ditingkatkan pelayanannya oleh pengelola Bandar Udara Hang Nadim Batam. Variabel 10 (Fasilitas bagi penyandang cacat cukup memadai) merupakan variabel dengan nilai gap tertinggi sebesar -1,24 dan termasuk dalam basic factor model Kano sebagai kebutuhan dasar konsumen yang harus dipenuhi oleh penyedia jasa.
A Tragédia de Hamlédipo: a fusão entre Édipo e Hamlet por Freud
Authors: Armstrong Richard H.
Published: December 2018

Desde suas primeiras elaborações, o argumento de Freud em prol da universalidade do complexo de Édipo esteve centrado numa leitura de Édipo Rei. Mas por que Freud insiste em ler essa peça especificamente como uma experiência teatral por parte de uma audiência moderna? Este artigo defende que a teoria de Freud, desde o princípio, fundiu a peça sofocliana ao Hamlet de Shakespeare, fazendo um uso metateatral de Édipo Rei equivalente ao que faz Hamlet com “O Assassinato de Gonzago”, para provocar uma reação em Cláudio. Freud nos coloca na audiência de Édipo para que sejamos tomados por nossa culpa edipiana, confirmando assim sua teoria.
A recepção das tragédias de Eurípides no Teatro de Antunes Filho
Authors: Ghandour Samea
Published: December 2018

Este artigo perscruta a encenação das tragédias de Eurípides no Teatro de Antunes Filho, a saber: Fragmentos Troianos (1999), Medeia (2001) e Medeia 2 (2002). Essa análise se pautará: a) na minha observação dos vídeos, fotos e programas das peças, gentilmente cedidos pelo Centro de Pesquisa Teatral (CPT), b) nas entrevistas concedidas por Emerson Danesi, ex-ator e diretor de algumas peças do CPT, c) na minha apreensão direta de informações fragmentárias a partir de encontros que tive com Antunes Filho, d) nos relatos de Sebastião Milaré in memoriam, e) na crítica teatral veiculada em jornais e revistas de circulação nacional na época das encenações. Os espetáculos serão analisados a partir dos seguintes pontos: a) gênese, b) contexto da produção e c) soluções cênicas adotadas.
Simulating Water Exchange to Buried Binding Sites
Authors: Ben-Shalom Ido , Lin charles , Kurtzman Tom , walker ross , Gilson Michael
Published: December 2018

Traditional molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of proteins, which rely on integration of Newton’s equations of motion, cannot efficiently equilibrate water occupancy for buried cavities in proteins. This leads to slow convergence of thermodynamic averages for such systems. We have addressed this challenge by efficiently integrating standard Metropolis Monte Carlo (MC) translational water moves with MD in the AMBER simulation package. The translational moves allow water to easily enter or exit buried sites in a thermodynamically correct way during a simulation. To maximize efficiency, the algorithm avoids moves that only interchange waters within the bulk around the protein, instead focusing on moves that can transfer water between bulk and the protein interior. In addition, a steric grid allows avoidance of moves that would lead to obvious steric clashes, and a fast grid-based energy evaluation is used to reduce the number of expensive full energy calculations. The potential energy distribution produced using MC/MD was found to be statistically indistinguishable from that of control simulations using only MD, and the algorithm effectively equilibrated water across steric barriers and into binding pockets that are not accessible with pure MD. The MC/MD method introduced here should be of increasing utility for applications spanning protein folding, the elucidation of protein mechanisms, and free energy calculations for computer-aided drug design. It is available in version 18 release of the widely disseminated AMBER simulation package.
Intermolecular Oxidative Addition of Aryl Halides to Platinum(II) Alkyl Complexes
Authors: Altus Kristof , Bowes Eric , Beattie D. Dawson , Love Jennifer
Published: December 2018

We report the first well-defined example of intermolecular aryl halide oxidative addition (OA) to Pt(II). Complexes of the type (IMes)PtMe2(L) and (IMes’)PtMe(L) (L = SMe2, pyridine; IMes = N,N-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene; IMes’ = cyclometalated IMes) undergo intermolecular OA of phenyl iodide (PhI) at 60 °C, producing toluene via reductive elimination from a proposed Pt(IV)-phenyl species. Isolation of a model Pt(IV) OA product provides evidence for a Pt(II)/(IV) pathway. The OA of PhI is not limited to Pt(II)-IMes complexes;analogous reactions also proceed with phosphine-ligated Pt(II) dialkyl complexes, demonstrating that this reaction is feasible for a variety of electron-rich Pt(II) complexes bearing labile ligands.
Building Markov State Models Using Optimal Transport Theory
Authors: Dixit Purushottam , Dill Ken
Published: December 2018

Markov State Models (MSMs) describe the rates and routes in conformational dynamics of biomolecules. Computational estimation of MSMs can be expensive because

molecular simulations are slow to �nd and sample the rare transient events. We describe here an ecient approximate way to determine MSM rate matrices by combining Maximum Caliber (maximizing path entropies) with Optimal Transport Theory (minimizing some path cost function, as when routing trucks on transportation

networks) to patch together transient dynamical information from multiple nonequilibrium

simulations. We give toy examples.
Quaternary Centers via Ni-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling of Tertiary Carboxylic Acids and Aryl Zinc Reagents
Authors: Baran Phil , Mykhailiuk Pavel , zhang haolin , Merchant Rohan R. , Smith Courtney A. , qin Tian , Chen Tie-Gen
Published: December 2018

This work bridges a gap in the cross-coupling of aliphatic redox-active esters with aryl zinc reagents. Previously limited to primary, secondary and specialized tertiary centers, a new protocol has been devised to enable the coupling of general tertiary systems using Ni-catalysis. The scope of this operationally simple method is broad and can be used to simplify the synthesis of medicinally relevant motifs bearing quaternary centers.
TEORIA CRÍTICA E EDUCAÇÃO NA ATUALIDADE: OLHARES PLURAIS (APRESENTAÇÃO)
Authors: Batista de Oliveira Silva Luzia , Sander da Silva Alex , Da Silva Coelho Allan
Published: December 2018

Apresentação do dossiê
TEORIA CRÍTICA E FORMAÇÃO DO INDIVÍDUO: CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE A ANÁLISE CRÍTICO-DIALÉTICA DA RELAÇÃO ENTRE SUBJETIVIDADE E OBJETIVIDDE NA CONTEMPORNEIDADE
Authors: Formoso Cardoso e Silva Batista Maria Isabel
Published: December 2018

Este texto objetiva traçar algumas considerações sobre a formação do indivíduo e refletir sobre a necessidade de uma análise crítica sobre os elementos e os processos formativos contemporâneos respaldada no método dialético, apoiado nos fundamentos da Teoria Critica da Sociedade e nos princípios psicanalíticos, a fim de que se possam apreender as contradições sociais presentes na relação sujeito-objeto/indivíduo-sociedade. Por meio da reflexão sócio histórica, inerente ao método dialético, o movimento histórico da realidade social é apreendido teórica e conceitualmente, conduzindo à compreensão da relação entre subjetividade e objetividade como reciprocamente mediada, tendo-se a subjetividade como fruto de um projeto histórico e paradoxal da civilização ocidental. Assim, analisar criticamente a formação do indivíduo na contemporaneidade significa considerar as tendências e as contradições desenvolvidas ao longo do processo histórico, que produziram certos elementos presentes no contexto social e cultural da atualidade, os quais se interligam e incidem diretamente sobre os processos formativos, de modo a determiná-los.
EDUCAÇÃO, BIOÉTICA E CIDADANIA: APROXIMAÇÕES, CONVERGÊNCIAS E TRANSVERSALIDADES NA PERSPECTIVA DA TEORIA CRÍTICA
Authors: Agostini Nilo
Published: December 2018

Este texto parte de uma investigação teórica buscando tecer as convergências e transversalidades entre educação, bioética e cidadania, através de algumas de suas interfaces. Parte do diálogo em construção entre os sujeitos ativos nestes campos. Assim, a educação investe no sujeito e, permeada pela ética, tece aproximações e identifica transversalidades com a bioética e a cidadania, apostando sempre na emergência do sujeito ético. Capaz de ação e reflexão – ser da práxis – este sujeito investe na transformação da realidade e de si mesmo. Faz da bioética um campo de diálogo que prima pela vida, com atenção à saúde pública. Foca a cidadania como construção histórica, na conquista, incorporação e consolidação de direitos, como é o da saúde. Investe na emancipação dos sujeitos e comunidades, capazes de uma autorreflexão crítica, de assumir compromissos históricos e de buscar alternativas no conjunto da vida social.
Flow-injection determination of boric acid concentration with conductometric detection
Authors: Gursky V. S. , Kharitonova E. Yu.
Published: December 2018

The flow-injection determination of boric acid with conductometric detection in technological environments of the primary circuit of WWER-type nuclear power plant is described. The method consists in periodical dosing a fixed sample volume into the flow of the mannitol solution. As a of the Formation of an anionic boric acid complex with mannitol and equivalent amount of hydroxonium ions, results in an abrupt increase in the electrical conductivity, which is recorded by a conductometric detector. The hydraulic and measuring circuits of the analyzer are implemented using standard ionochromatographic equipment. It is shown than in the concentration range of the analyte 1 – 16 g/liter, the correcting additives of ammonium and potassium hydroxides do not interfere with the results of the analysis. To eliminate the interfering effect of correcting additives at low concentrations of boric acid (0.2 – 1.0 g/liter) we propose to use a Donnan dialysis through a cation exchange membrane. Optimal conditions of the analysis are specified and the metrological characteristics are determined. At a concentration of boric acid of 0.2 g/liter, the standard deviation does not exceed 2%.
Potencial de plantas acuáticas para la remoción de coliformes totales y Escherichia coli en aguas negras
Authors: León R , Pernía Santos Beatriz Margarita , Siguencia Rosa , Franco S , Noboa A , Cornejo Xavier
Published: December 2018

El objetivo de la investigación fue encontrar plantas acuáticas con potencial de remover E. coli y coliformes totales de agua contaminada. Para ello, se realizaron muestreos en Río Guayas, Recinto Aguas Frías y Estero Peñafiel, donde se seleccionaron las especies: Azolla caroliniana, Eichhornia crassipes, Pistia stratiotes, Salvinia auriculata y Lemna minor (Control positivo). Las plantas se reprodujeron in vitro y se realizaron bioensayos para verificar su capacidad de remover E. coli y coliformes. Los ensayos se realizaron por triplicado en 0,5 L de agua con fertilizante y se inoculó una cepa de referencia E. coli ATCC25922.  Como control negativo se inoculó la bacteria sin plantas y control positivo con la planta Lemna sp. Después de 7 días se determinó la carga bacteriana remanente. Se encontró un porcentaje de eliminación de E. coli de 99% para A. caroliniana, E. crassipes y Lemna sp. y de 100% para P. stratiotes y S. auriculata. Posteriormente, se realizaron ensayos con aguas negras en los cuales S. auriculata y A. caroliniana lograron el 100% de remoción de las coliformes y E. coli el resto de plantas tuvieron niveles menores de eficiencia. Se propone el uso de estas especies para el tratamiento de aguas contaminadas.
Análisis de la Metodología para Determinación de Tarifas en Servicio de Transporte Comercial de Taxis Convencionales y Ejecutivos
Authors: Duque E Gabriela , Orellana O Iván , Coello Mateo , Cordero-Moreno Daniel
Published: December 2018

Un eficiente servicio de transporte permite a una sociedad progreso económico y mejora calidad de vida. Parte de dicha planificación es la determinación de tarifas para servicio de taxi, pues así se puede garantizar la rentabilidad del oferente y un buen servicio al usuario. En Ecuador, la Agencia Nacional de Tránsito establece una metodología que considera la oferta de kilómetros y los costos de operación. Sin embargo, dicha metodología no establece cómo levantar la información que alimenta al modelo, pudiendo este vacío generar sesgos y subjetividades. Este estudio busca detectar deficiencias en la metodología, y sugerir los cambios pertinentes como alternativa a la misma, para ello se considera un enfoque mixto, que no solo considere encuestas sino también instrumentación y tecnología para medir consumo de combustible, desgaste de neumáticos, distancia recorrida y número de pasajeros.

Desarrollado el análisis de la metodología se propuso un nuevo enfoque de levantamiento de información; y para validar el mismo se aplicó a un cantón del país, con ello se pudo obtener tarifas que representan de mejor manera la realidad del sector en análisis.
Evaluación energética y exergética en un motor de combustión interna ciclo Otto de 1.6L
Authors: Llanes Cedeño Edilberto Antonio , Carguachi-Caizatoa José Bolívar , Rocha-Hoyos Juan Carlos
Published: December 2018

El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo: Evaluar el comportamiento de un motor de combustión interna mediante el balance energético y exergético para la valorización de su desempeño, considerando como caso de estudio a un motor de vehículo Mazda 3 – 1.6; el cálculo energético se desarrolló en ruta previamente caracterizada a velocidad constate de 50 km/h y 90 km/h. Tras una investigación de tipo experimental, con base en observación y medición, además de métodos de inducción, deducción y síntesis, se determinó, dentro de las principales conclusiones, que el análisis del balance energético y exergético aporta a generar ideas para la optimización y un uso más eficiente de hidrocarburos; se determinó, además, que el motor estudiado presenta un rendimiento energético promedio de 27.57 % para una velocidad de 50 km/h, mientras que el flujo de exergía total del sistema es 22 %, no existiendo diferencia significativa con los resultados de eficiencia a 90 km/h.
Event-Triggered Control for a Three DoF Manipulator Robot
Authors: Benitez-Garcia Saul Enrique , Villarreal-Cervantes Miguel Gabriel
Published: December 2018

In the classical approach of Time-Triggered Control (TTC),  the control signal is updated  at  each  sampling  time  as  well  as  the  system  states  to  be  controlled,  which could imply a redundancy in the computational calculation as well as in the transfer of information in the regulation objective. On the other hand, the Event-Triggered Control (ETC) approach performs the same task in an asynchronous way, i.e,, it only updates the control signal when a performance requirement is violated and the states are updated at each sampling time. This reduces the amount of computational calculation without affecting the performance of the closed loop system. For this reason, in the present work the ETC is developed for the stabilization of a manipulator robot with three Degree of Freedom (DoF) in the joint space where a Lyapunov Control Function (LCF) is proposed to formulate the event function (e¯), which indicates whether or not  is required  the  control  signal  updating.  Simulation results show the reduction of the updates compared with a TTC.
Fractional order modeling of a nonlinear electromechanical system
Authors: Mejia Salazar Carlos Enrique , Rendón Roldán Julián Esteban
Published: December 2018

This paper presents a novel modeling technique for a VTOL electromechanical nonlinear dynamical system, based on fractional order derivatives. The proposed method evaluates the possible fractional differential equations of the electromechanical system model by a comparison against actual measurements and in order to estimate the optimal fractional parameters for the differential operators of the model, an extended Kalman filter was implemented. The main advantages of the fractional model over the classical model are the simultaneous representation of the nonlinear slow dynamics of the system due to the mechanical components and the nonlinear fast dynamics of the electrical components.
Fault Tolerant MPC Controller for Electric Heater Control
Authors: Alzate Raúl Esteban , Martinez Diego , Mena Juan Carlos , Sabogal Bernado , Tombe Jimmy
Published: December 2018

Los controladores MPC son buenos eliminando el error de estado estacionario aun si el sistema controlado es afectado por perturbaciones. Pero el MPC no fue pensado para mantener su desempeño bajo condiciones de falla por sí solo. El control tolerante a fallas se compone de algoritmos de control, estrategias de detección y compensación de fallas. En este trabajo se implementó un controlador MPC usando la estrategia de matriz dinámica junto con un generador de residuo basado en modelo para detectar la ocurrencia de una falla en el sistema controlado. La cuantificación de fallas se logró mediante el uso de Redes neuronales artificiales y un filtro pasa banda, lo cual permitió realizar una acción de compensación para mejorar el tiempo de recuperación del sistema ante una falla.
Dilatometric investigations of Fe – Cr – Mo – C system
Authors: Sulowski Maciej , Lichańska Ewa , Kulecki Paweł , Tenerowicz-Żaba Monika , Staniek Anna
Published: December 2018

Sintering behavior in high purity nitrogen and mixture of 5% H2-95% N2 of Fe-(Cr)-(Mo)-C system was investigated. The mixtures, differ from chromium, molybdenum and carbon content were prepared in Turbula mixer. Then, using single-action pressing in a rigid die at pressing pressure 400 MPa, green compacts with density level 5.9±0.17 g/cm3 were pressed. Sintering was carried out in a horizontal push rod dilatometer Netzsch 402E at 1120 and 1250°C for 60 min. Heating and cooling rates were 10 and 20°C/min., respectively. After heating, compacts were isothermal sintered at 1120 or 1250°C for 60 minutes an cooled up to 200°C, then isothermally hold for 60 minutes and definitely cooled to the room temperature. Pure nitrogen and mixture of 5% H2-95% N2 were employed as sintering atmospheres. During investigations the influence of isothermal sintering temperature, chemical composition of sintering atmosphere, chromium, molybdenum and carbon content was followed by dilatometry. The aim of investigations was to determine transformation temperatures. It was shown that the dimensional changes occurring during heating and isothermal sintering and the final density of sintered compacts are influenced by sintering parameters and the alloying elements concentration in powder mixture.
Providing safety at the presence of arc flash hazard risk in the high voltage equipment
Authors: Yordanova Marinela Yordanova
Published: December 2018

The hazards of electric arcs in Bulgarian norms, as the Regulations on Health and Safety at work in electrical installations of electrical and thermal power stations and electric power lines and Ordinance №9 on the technical operation of power stations and electric power lines mainly govern the safety at work with high-voltage equipment, are not subject to a special section. NFPA 70E Standards for electrical safety in the Workplace requires to assess whether there are arc-dangers; to calculate the energy released by the arc; to define the permissible arc protection boundaries; to provide adequate personal protective equipment and to label the equipment. The aim of the paper is to summarize the Bulgarian requirements connected somehow with the flash hazard, to compares similarities can be found in approaches to ensuring electrical safety with those of international standards.
Life cycle costs optimization of residential buildings
Authors: Doseva Nadezhda Ognjanova , Chakyrova Daniela
Published: December 2018

This paper considers the questions of techno-economic optimization in order to determine the thermal transmittance coefficient of the external walls of an existing residential building.The optimization procedure is conducted for the climatic and economic conditions in Bulgaria and taking into account the existing legal framework. The minimum of the building life cycle costs is determined by using genetic algorithm
FİBONACCİ ALTIN ORANINA EKONOMİK BİR YAKLAŞIM
Authors: HACIBEBEKOĞLU Hüseyin Can
Published: December 2018

Bu
çalışmada Fibonacci altın oranın ekonomi için ne ifade edebileceği
açıklanmıştır. İlk olarak Fibonacci serisinin ne olduğu ve hangi bilimlerde
nasıl kullanıldığı anlatılmış daha sonra iktisat biliminde nasıl
kullanılabileceği tartışılmıştır. Bunun için Solow ekonomik büyüme modelinin
altın oranı ile kıyas yapılmıştır. Bu kıyası ise milli gelir muhasebesinden
yola çıkılarak basit Keynes harcama denklemi kullanılmıştır. Böylece milli
gelirin ne kadarının tüketime ne kadarının tasarrufa ayrılması gerektiği
Fibonacci altın oranıyla belirlenmiştir. Bu mukayeseyi yapmak için Solow büyüme
modeli altın oranı matematiksel olarak açıklanarak Fibonacci altın oranına olan
benzerliği anlatılmıştır. Bu benzerlik ise Solow modelinin ekonmometrik analizi
ile Fibonacci oranına yakınsadığı ispatlanmıştır. Ekonometrik analiz 22 OECD
ülkesinin verileri kullanılarak panel veri yöntemi kullanılarak yapılmıştır.
Sonuç olarak Fibonacci altın oranının diğer bilimlerde olduğu gibi sosyal bir
bilim olan iktisatta da bir yer edinebileceği vurgulanmıştır.
Twelve Bottles of Whiskey
Authors: Watson Jack
Published: December 2018

This article provides an in-depth analysis of the history of certiorari and judicial review as it pertains to the rule of law. The article opens with a brief examination of the conviction of Nat Bell Liquors Ltd. during prohibition-era Edmonton in 1920, and explains how twelve bottles of whiskey brought about a sea change in the foundational law of Canada. The article details the development of judicial review,beginning in thirteenth century United Kingdom, noting its progression and change over the course of centuries. The article provides an account of certiorarias a replacement avenue where appeal is not available, and highlights notable Canadian jurisprudence from the early twentieth century to the present day.
Why So Serious?: Early Analysis of the Definition of "Serious Impairment" Under Alberta's Minor Injury Regulation
Authors: Pratt Christine J. , Filips Brian D. , Bourgeois Danielle , Barsukov Artem
Published: December 2018

This article examines the interpretation of “serious impairment” as defined in Alberta’s Minor Injury Regulation (MIR). It first assesses the similarities and differences between the definitions of serious impairment found in the MIR and similar legislation from several provinces. It then discusses the five factors required to find a serious impairment proposed by Justice Shelly in Sparrowhawk v. Zapoltinsky, and interprets the factors using case law from other provincial jurisdictions. The article concludes that the Alberta MIR is distinct in three major aspects. Therefore, non-Alberta jurisprudence must be approached with caution, but may nevertheless be of some value in interpreting the Alberta regulation.
Progressive Homes Ltd. v. Lombard General Insurance Co. of Canada
Authors: Bowal Peter
Published: December 2018

The unanimous judicial decision of the Supreme Court of Canada in Progressive Homes Ltd. v. Lombard General Insurance Co. of Canada resolves divergent appellate judicial holdings, in British Columbia on one hand and Ontario and Saskatchewan on the other hand, on the issue of an insurer’s duty to defend its insured general contractor in the ensuing litigation under commercial general liability (CGL) policies in cases of defective construction workmanship.
Causation in Tort Law: Back to Basics at the Supreme Court of Canada
Authors: McInnes Mitchell
Published: December 2018

This article analyzes the role of causation in Canadian tort law. The author uses the recent Supreme Court of Canada decision of Athey v. Leonati as a model to show how even complex problems of causation can be solved through the application of fundamental principles of tort law: the "restoration" principle, the "take your victim" principle, and the "vicissitudes" principle. The author also demonstrates the importance of distinguishing types of causes based on the following dichotomies: tortious and non-tortious, sufficient and insufficient, and simultaneous and successive. The author argues that applying these principles, and distinguishing causes in this manner, will greatly simplify the resolution of even seemingly complex problems of causation in tort law.
Regulation and the Challenge of Broadband Telecommunications: Back to the Future?
Authors: Janisch Hudson
Published: December 2018

This article discusses the current state of broadband Internet service in Canada and recent regulatory disputes between the Canadian Radiotelevision and Telecommunications Commission and service providers in Canada. The article examines the difficulties experienced in the Canadian marketplace with regard to providing service to rural and remote users and compares the current delivery scheme with the Australian National Broadband Network. The article highlights the particular challenges involved in the regulation of a rapidly evolving industry such as telecommunications.
Limits on the Operation of Exclusion Clauses
Authors: Maharaj Krish
Published: December 2018

This article discusses exclusion clauses and instances when a court should intervene to limit the operation of such clauses. The author argues that exclusion clauses which are used improperly have the potential to damage the nature of contract by undermining the transfer or creation of rights under the contract. More specifically, the author discusses that exclusion clauses may eliminate obligations owed under the contract or absolve one party from liability completely. The author further argues that exclusion clauses allow for the unilateral alteration of the allocation of risk under a contract. In discussing these issues, the author makes reference to Canadian case law, particularly the Supreme Court of Canada’s views on appropriate limits on enforcement of exclusion clauses. In conclusion, the author considers the validity of public policy as a rationale to address the various problems created by exclusion causes.
History of Factums
Authors: Côté J.E.
Published: December 2018

The history of the factum in Canada is little known but greatly significant in the development of written argument. Written argument grew alongside the oral legal tradition. The factum developed in Canada in an unorthodox way. Unlike most Canadian laws and procedures, which find their roots in common law England, the factum originated in Quebec’s civil jurisdiction before being adopted in the NorthwestTerritories. This article explores the evolution of written argument and the historical use of the factum in the United Kingdom and Canada and details the practice of factum use in Alberta particularly.
Risk Allocation Provisions in Energy Industry Agreements: Are We Getting it Right?
Authors: Kangles Nick , Rogers R Ben , Allidina Zahra , Harris Chris
Published: December 2018

After reviewing a number of Canadian legal principles relating to indemnities, this article reviews risk allocation provisions used in certain segments of the oil and gas industry in Canada with a view to exploring the rationale behind the use of different risk allocation regimes and combinations thereof, and constraints to the enforceability of such provisions. The authors then discuss select issues that should be taken into account when reviewing, negotiating, and drafting these types of provisions.
The Changing Regulatory Scheme in Northeast British Columbia
Authors: Braul Wally
Published: December 2018

The Northeast British Columbia (NEBC) oil patch is undergoing a boom in land tenure sales, exploration, and production. This comes at a time of increasing public concern over the use of hydraulic fracturing (or “fracking”), an unconventional technology that ushered in a new era of production in NEBC, along with several new contentious issues. Recently, four significant regulatory changes have been enacted or planned for the immediate future. The first, likely in response to public concern over fracking, occurred in October 2010 with an overhaul of the decades-old Petroleum and Natural Gas Act and the coming into force of the bulk of the provisions in the Oil and Gas Activities Act. The changes primarily affect production and environmental management, and several new provisions have a direct impact on fracking. The second change under development is the creation of a long-awaited groundwater licencing regime, marking a stronger environmental presence in the NEBC, and possibly abrogating pre-existing extraction rights. The third change arises from the expiry of Crown-First Nation Consultation Process Agreements (CPAs). Recent jurisprudence continues to point to the need for improved consultation and accommodation, but current negotiations may or may not succeed in arriving at a more comprehensive successor to the expired CPAs. Finally, under British Columbia’s contaminated sites regime, new measures expand the liability exposure of oil patch operators for contaminated sites in both civil actions and government enforcement proceedings.
Civil Procedure and Practice: Recent Developments
Authors: Poelman Glen H. , Rudakoff Alan S.
Published: December 2018

An on-going concern for all lawyers is staying abreast of developments affecting the practice of law in their respective jurisdictions. Within this paper, the authors review Alberta Court decisions relating to civil procedure and synthesize them so as to give the reader an outline of the trends that have developed in Alberta civil procedure over the past two years. The authors effectively provide a sense of the current legal environment.
Something for Nothing: The Law of Adverse Possession in Alberta
Authors: Petersson Sandra
Published: December 2018

This paper is the winner of this year's William Morrow Essay competition. It traces the origin and evolution of the law of adverse possession. Petersson commences with a thorough overview of the current status of adverse possession in Canada. The reader is then transported back in time to medieval England to bear witness as historical forces forge the law into twin principles of extinction and acquisition. From the regal court of Henry II, the reader is then whisked to the humble offices of the Registrar of Land Titles as the paper guides one through modern property law relating to adverse possession. The journey ends with an enlightening discussion of the justifications for, and future of, adverse possession in Alberta.
Access Denied? Inconsistent Jurisprudence on the Open Court Principle and Media Access to Exhibits in Canadian Criminal Cases
Authors: Adams Dana
Published: December 2018

The open court principle is a central tenet of the Canadian justice system. However, in cases involving media access to exhibits entered in court, the courts have been neither clear nor consistent in their interpretation and application of the open court principle. This article discusses the historical development of the open court principle and the definition of an “open court” today. The author proposes that the Supreme Court of Canada should clarify that the open court principle extends to access to exhibits and re-articulate the Dagenais/Mentuck test in order to resolve the inconsistencies regarding the open court principle.
Restorative Justice, Euthanasia, and Assisted Suicide: A New Arena for Restorative Justice and a New Path for End of Life Law and Policy in Canada
Authors: Llewellyn Jennifer J , Downie Jocelyn
Published: December 2018

This articles examines the current Canadian legal approach to euthanasia and assisted suicide, highlights some of the problems with it, and offers a novel alternative to the current traditionally criminalized prohibitive regime.  The authors first describe a restorative justice approach and explain the differences between such an approach and the traditional approach currently in use.  They then explain how a restorative justice approach could be implemented in the arena of assisted death, acknowledging the potential challenges in implementation.  The authors conclude that taking a restorative justice approach to euthanasia and assisted suicide could enable movement in the seeminly intractable public policy debates about these issues, lead to more effective and compassionate responses to cases of euthanasia and assisted suicide, and prompt policy and practice reform that enables society to better care for individuals at the end of life.
Film as a Complement to the Written Text: Reflections on Using The Sterilization of Leilani Muir to Teach Muir v. Alberta
Authors: Adjin-Tettey Elizabeth , Kodar Freya
Published: December 2018

In this article the authors look at their experiences teaching the trespass torts to law students using a documentary film about Muir v. Alberta. The case was brought by Leilani Muir against the government of Alberta for battery and false imprisonment and for sterilizing her without her knowledge or consent. The documentary follows Muir’s court case, and interweaves her personal story with the larger social history of the eugenics movement and the development of The Sexual Sterilization Act. The authors begin with a description of the Muir documentary and a discussion of the ways in which the texts, written and filmic, work together in the context of telling Muir’s story. The authors then discuss film as a medium for telling legal stories. Finally, the authors reflect on their classroom experiences with the various Muir texts, and the ways in which the film assists them in teaching both the particular case and torts more generally. The authors suggest that complementing case reports with documentaries about them, or events related to the case, helps to provide alternative and sometimes counter stories to the official account.
Calculations of Conscience: The Costs and Benefits of Religious and Conscientious Freedom
Authors: Kislowicz Howard , Haigh Richard , Ng Adrienne
Published: December 2018

This article examines the Supreme Court of Canada’s cost-benefit analysis of freedom of conscience and religion guaranteed by s. 2(a) of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms in Alberta v. Hutterian Brethren of Wilson Colony. The article finds that while the Supreme Court’s reasoning was ultimately flawed, its use of cost-benefit analysis may be a positive development in the freedom of religion framework. The article also looks at the Court’s treatment of the freedom of conscience guarantee in relation to freedom of religion. The article suggests that this treatment may foreshadow a more uniform approach to the broader freedom of conscience and religion than was provided for in previous decisions.
The Road to the Promised Land Runs Past Conway: Administrative Tribunals and Charter Remedies
Authors: Agarwal Ranjan K.
Published: December 2018

In the 30 years since the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms was proclaimed, one of the most litigated issues has been the role of administrative tribunals in deciding Charter claims. Early Supreme Court jurisprudence suggested that only the provincial superior courts had the jurisdiction to decide Charter claims and remedy a Charter breach. Over time, and in concert with the expansion of the administrative state in Canada, the Supreme Court recognized that administrative tribunals could in fact decide Charter questions. However, the issue of whether they could remedy a Charter breach became bogged down by the test from Mills v. R.: tribunals and courts had to analyze the tribunal’s jurisdiction on a case-by-case basis by examining the remedy being sought, as opposed to analyzing jurisdiction on an institutional basis, which would examine the tribunal's statutory mandate and function.
“The Maverick Constitution” — A Review of Canadian Maverick: The Life and Times of Ivan C. Rand, William Kaplan
Authors: Lewans Matthew
Published: December 2018

(Toronto: University of Toronto Press for the Osgoode Society for Canadian Legal History, 2009)
The Alberta Land Stewardship Act and its Impact on Alberta's Oil and Gas Industry
Authors: Harvie Alan , Mercier And Trent
Published: December 2018

This article discusses the impact of the Alberta Land Stewardship Act – enacted by the Government of Alberta with the goal of developing an overarching land use policy to manage all lands and natural resources in the province – on Albertans generally, as well as the oil, gas, and oil sands industries. Although the implementation of the Act is in its early stages, the article nonetheless argues that the Act, and the authority that it grants, will significantly alter the way that land use decisions are made in Alberta and, of specific interest to those in the oil, gas, and oil sands industries, the manner in which proposed projects are reviewed and approved.
What Happens When Developers Can't Develop: Can and Should Resource Developers be Compensated When They Can't Develop Their Assets?
Authors: Denstedt Shawn H.T. , Rodier And Ryan V.
Published: December 2018

This article considers the question of whether resource developers are entitled to compensation when their ability to exercise proprietary rights is effectively sterilized by government action, a phenomenon known as "de facto expropriation." It sets out the legal principles that have been applied by courts in Canada, the U.K., the U.S., and Australia. It discusses how courts have considered entitlement to compensation in this context, and how the quantum of compensation can be determined. It concludes that, absent some overriding public interest, the law supports compensating a party whose rights have been confiscated.
Shallow Rights Reversion: Uncertainty and Disputes
Authors: Ingelson Allan , Randall And Will
Published: December 2018

To encourage shallow gas production from up-hole non-producing zones on provincial lands and increase Crown royalty revenues, the Government of Alberta has adopted a shallow rights reversion (SRR) scheme for oil and gas mineral rights holders. Under SRR the rights to natural gas above the top of the shallowest productive zone are to be severed at the time of lease continuation and revert to the Crown, but the rights from the top of the shallowest productive zone to the base of the deepest productive zone will continue to be held by the Crown lessee.In 2007 the British Columbia government amended the Petroleum and Natural Gas Act to establish a zone specific retention (ZSR) scheme. Under the ZSR system the Crown lessee need only establish the mere presence of oil or gas in a standard Zone Designation layer in order to continue the lease.Unlike British Columbia, the SRR system in Alberta applies to all existing Crown leases, and is therefore more controversial than the ZSR regime. In April 2011, Alberta Energy intends to start serving SRR notices. The department has recently changed its policy regarding the consolidation of petroleum and natural gas agreements. The more complicated SRR system, which facilitates an increased number of oil and gas developers, may prompt additional trespass and commingling disputes.
Practical Legal Research
Authors: Côté J.E. , MacGregor D.J.
Published: December 2018

Keeping current with changes in the law is fundamental for law students, lawyers, and judges. Effective skills in legal research are necessary to accomplish this goal. Unfortunately, most guidance on legal research tends towards either overly laborioustechniques or the use of shortcuts. This article addresses this issue by providing a practical, realistic, balanced, reliable, and flexible approach to the research that is critical in the legal profession.
Direct Payment Clauses and the Fraud Upon the Bankruptcy Law Principle: Re Horizon Earthworks Ltd. (Bankrupt)
Authors: Wood Roderick J.
Published: December 2018

No abstract available.
The Legal Adviser in International Organizations: Technician or Guardian?
Authors: Dunworth Treasa
Published: December 2018

The participation of lawyers as legal advisers to international organizations is reviewed from a historical and political perspective, looking primarily at the United Nations and the League of Nations. An inquiry is made into the “accountability debate” of international organizations and the role that legal advisers play in this regard. The issue of whether lawyers act as technicians or guardians in the international arena is reviewed historically both through academic publications, and through the writings of lawyers who have acted as international legal advisers. The 2003 invasion of Iraq and subsequent treatment of prisoners in Guantanamo Bay and Abu Ghraib are analyzed with respect to the advice given to states by their international legal advisers.
Chávez, the Organization of American States, and Democracy in International Law
Authors: Martin Paul
Published: December 2018

This article examines the Organization of American States (OAS) intervention in the dispute over the democratic character of Venezuelan President Hugo Chávez’s political reforms as a case study of the institutionalization by international organizations of the democratic entitlement. The author first summarizes the democratic entitlement argument before moving to analyze the history of the OAS’s institutional commitment to the concept of democracy protection and promotion. The author argues that the tension between the OAS’s universalist rhetoric and the reality of American hegemony has contributed to what he calls a “post-imperial sensibility” within the organization, which manifests itself in potentially productive ways in the OAS’s operationalization of the democratic reform. The author briefly examines OAS involvement in Venezuela since 2002 as an example of this operationalization and concludes by suggesting that opposition to the democratic entitlement by critical scholars is misplaced, and that efforts to establish it as a principle of international law should be supported.
Discontinuity in the Internalization of the World Trade Organization Rules: Assessing the Democratic Deficit Critique Against the World Trade Organization Dispute Settlement System
Authors: Fukunaga Yuka
Published: December 2018

International institutions are often criticized for their democratic deficit. Among these institutions, the World Trade Organization (WTO) dispute settlement system is most frequently targeted. This article focuses on the strength of this critique and aims to refute its factual premise through the examination of several Panel and Appellate Body decisions. The author also argues that the WTO dispute settlement system deliberately leaves a certain degree of discontinuity between members’ domestic legal orders and the WTO Agreement, such that the system pays a degree of deference to member states and allows substantial discretion in the process of internalizing the rules of the WTO Agreement within domestic legal orders. Finally, the author concludes that this discontinuity remains strong, and serves to enhance the democratic autonomy of member states instead of defeating it.
Global Governance: The World Trade Organization’s Contribution
Authors: Mitchell Andrew D. , Sheargold Elizabeth
Published: December 2018

Democracy and administrative law concern ideas of governance, legitimacy, and accountability. With the growth of bureaucracy and regulation, many democratic theorists would argue that administrative law mechanisms are essential to achieving democratic objectives. This article considers the World Trade Organization’s (WTO) contribution to governance both in terms of global administrative law and democracy. In relation to administrative law, it first explores the extent to which the WTO’s own dispute settlement process contributes to this area. Second, it considers the operation of administrative law principles embedded within the WTO Agreements on Members. For example, the WTO Agreements require that certain laws be administered “in a uniform, impartial and reasonable manner.” This obligation was recently considered by the Appellate Body, but uncertainty remains about the scope this provision has to permit WTO panels to review domestic administrative practices. In relation to the WTO’s contribution to democracy, this article first considers the challenges and limitations of the current system of decision making within the WTO and compares it to democratic theory. Second, it examines how democracies comply with the findings of WTO dispute settlement tribunals and how compliance could be improved. It concludes by speculating on the implications of this discussion for public international law more broadly.
The Exclusion of Property Rights from the Charter: Correcting the Historical Record
Authors: Newman Dwight , Binnion Lorelle
Published: December 2018

Canada’s Constitution has been described as an outlier among the liberal constitutions of the world because it lacks a property rights provision. The history of how property rights came to be excluded has received relatively limited consideration. This article seeks to correct the historical record by utilizing forms of analysis within legal scholarship.
The Right to Public Participation in Resources and Environmental Decision-Making in Alberta
Authors: Fluker Shaun
Published: December 2018

This article examines the right to public participation in resources and environmental decisionmaking in Alberta. The only reasonable conclusionfrom the analysis in the paper is that there is currently no legal right to public participation in resources andenvironmental project decision-making in Alberta.Project decision-makers have no obligation to hear organized public interest groups or members of thepublic at large who are unable to demonstrate how aproject may personally affect them. The public interest character of resource development decisions has thus far had no identifiable impact on the consideration of participatory rights by Alberta courts. Resources and environmental project decision-making is thus not necessarily subject to public scrutiny and it becomesmore difficult to hold officials exercising public power over resource development legally accountable for their actions. The role of public participation as anaccepted means to influence the exercise of state power over matters concerning the public interest deserves more critical and focused attention from Albertacourts.
Do We Throw Our Privacy Rights Out With the Trash? The Alberta Court of Appeal’s Decision in R. v. Patrick
Authors: MacKinnon William
Published: December 2018

Grocery lists, birth control information, bank records, and intimate letters to friends past: all are personal items that find their way into the garbage bins of Canadians on a daily basis.1 Canadians have come to expect that once a garbage bag is thrown in a bin behind a home, it makes a direct uninterrupted trip to a landfill, a place where its contents will remain private through the decomposition process. Few realize that, quite frequently, the police, as state agents charged with the responsibility of solving criminal cases, sift through the discarded items of Canadians in the hunt for valuable information. This police behaviour raises two important constitutional questions...