bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Flow Cytometry-Based Analysis of Tissue Culture-Derived Plants
Authors: Rahimi Sara , Kordrostami Mojtaba , Ghasemi-Soloklui Ali Akbar , Al-Khayri Jameel M.
Published: September 2023

In tissue culture, plants are genetically identical to native plants. Using
methods such as flow cytometry, cytogenetic analysis, and molecular markers such as
AFLP, ISSR, RAPD, RFLP, and SSR, we can detect the genetic uniformity of plants.
Among these techniques, flow cytometry (FCM) is a fast, easy, cost-effective, and
accurate method for screening the genetic stability of propagated plants. FCM involves
measuring the fluorescence light of cell nuclei with a flow cytometer after separation
and staining with a chemical with fluorescence properties related to DNA. There is a
computer with software for receiving, storing, further processing, and displaying result
information. The information is presented in an uncomplicated diagram. FCM is used
to determine the genome size and ploidy levels of plants produced In Vitro. FCM also
stimulates cell cycle function and replication rate in various plant organs and tissues. It
was used to study plant organs in greenhouse/field conditions and laboratory conditions
(anther culture, eggs, and protoplasts). Plant materials grown in tissue culture are
unstable due to somaclonal diversity, especially in their DNA content, and therefore,
the use of the FCM method is very effective.
Interspecific Genome Size (2C DNA) Variation in Some Ornamental and Medicinal Plants: Is It a Phenomenon of Partial Sequence Amplification or Loss?
Authors: Mujib A. , Mamgain Jyoti , Bansal Yashika , Ejaz Bushra
Published: September 2023

The flow cytometry technique has currently been employed in various fields
of research, especially in measuring the 2C DNA of plants. The technique is also used
in modern biosystematics, speciation, evolutionary studies and in molecular breeding.
A large number of tissue culture raised ornamental and medicinal plants’ DNAs are
currently made and compared with field grown plants. Various factors influence the
quality of active nuclei isolation, which determines the success of accurate DNA
estimation. The importance of extraction buffer, reference standards, fluorochrome
dyes, and the process of gating is highlighted in order to understand various steps of
flow cytometry in measuring DNA. An array of compounds act as inhibitors to disrupt
fluorochrome binding to DNA, causing errors in estimating nuclear DNA content;
these compounds with their families are presented and summarized. Micropropagation
using shoot tips and nodal stems produces true-to type plants, while callus regenerated
plants show somaclonal variations – a process showing altered DNA. The role of flow
cytometry in investigating the genetic homogeneity of tissue cultured plant population
is therefore reviewed. The 2C DNA and genome size of a few medicinal and
ornamental plants such as Catharanthus, Allium, Rawolfia, Gladiolus, Caladium,
Zephyranthes from authors’ laboratory were measured and described. The intra-specific and inter-specific genome size and chromosome number variation with
reference to gene duplication and DNA sequence loss are discussed. The present
chapter, in general, discusses the applications of flow cytometry in field and tissue
culture grown ornamentals and medicinal plants.
POR MENOS EXPOSIÇÃO E MAIS PARTICIPAÇÃO NAS SALAS DE AULA
Authors: Jordão Eduardo
Published: September 2023

Este ensaio discute o ensino do direito público no Brasil sob a perspectiva do método de condução de aulas adotado pelo professor. A partir do relato de suas experiências como estudante e professor, o autor distingue o método expositivo, cujo foco é a exposição oral pelo professor, do método participativo, em que os alunos são incentivados a ler previamente e participar ativamente das discussões em sala de aula. O autor argumenta que o método participativo permite aos alunos uma compreensão mais profunda do direito e os capacita a encontrar soluções para problemas jurídicos de forma autônoma. No entanto, observa que o método participativo tem pouco espaço no ensino jurídico brasileiro atual. Apesar disso, defende sua importância e encoraja outros professores a adotá-lo para promover um ensino do direito público mais realista e eficaz.
Canal Conversion and Reentry of Otolith in Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo
Authors: Kim Jong Sei , Kim Minbum
Published: September 2023

During the treatment process for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) using the canalith repositioning procedure, the otolith can inadvertently enter the semicircular canal instead of the utricle. Canal conversion refers to the situation where the otolith enters a different semicircular canal, while reentry occurs when the otolith returns to the same semicircular canal. The occurrence of a canal conversion can complicate the accurate diagnosis and treatment of BPPV, potentially leading to misdiagnosis and unsuccessful results in the canalith repositioning procedure. In this review, we aim to summarize the incidence, clinical features, and associated risk factors of canal conversion and reentries.
A Case of Delayed Audiovestibulopathy after Posterior Circulation Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Lee Hyun Su , Jeon Eun Kyung , Kwon Dong Hwan , Kong Tae Hoon
Published: September 2023

Distinguishing central and peripheral causes of dizziness is vital. A case is presented where a 42-year-old man with a history of posterior circulation ischemic stroke developed acute unilateral vestibulopathy with hearing loss. Clinical examination revealed signs of vestibular dysfunction on the left side. Audiometry confirmed deafness on the left, but imaging ruled out new central issues. The patient was diagnosed with audiovestibulopathy and treated with steroids, antiviral agents, intratympanic injections, and hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Hearing loss persisted, but dizziness improved with vestibular rehabilitation. Poststroke patients should be closely monitored for peripheral complications. Further research should explore the benefits of antiplatelet therapy in vascular-related conditions, even without clear central lesions.
Making Connections
Authors: Corbett John , Dart Hugo , Lima Bruno
Published: September 2023

This book is a practical, down-to-earth guide for language teachers interested in running online intercultural exchanges. It is informed by the latest research on language teaching and intercultural telecollaborations, and situated in the reality of classrooms around the world.
Research on the methodology of LSA with preschool children: a scoping review
Authors: Lüdtke Ulrike , Ehlert Hanna , Gaigulo Dana , Bornman Juan
Published: September 2023

Purpose: Language Sample Analysis (LSA) is a prominent method in researching language development and is also used in clinical practice in the speech-language pathology (SLP) discipline. This scoping review aims to describe current contributions of research on LSA methodology, identify research gaps and explore areas of future advancement of LSA methodology related to its five components: determining the sample length/size, collecting, transcribing, coding and analyzing the sample.Methods: A scoping review was conducted of studies on LSA methodology published between 2010–2020 that focused on preschool children. Relevant electronic databases and research platforms were searched using the PRISMA method for data identification, screening, selection and extraction.Results: Of the 213 identified studies, 61 met the inclusion criteria, covering all aspects of the LSA process. Overall, a wide variability in study designs and research foci were found, reflecting the broad applicability of LSA. The two LSA aspects addressed most frequently are the first and last of the five LSA components: determining the length (or size) of the language sample and analyzing the sample. The methodological variability hinders the comparison of evidence and drawing implications which negatively impacts on research and clinical SLP practice.Conclusions: Besides expanding research on LSA for multilingual children and establishing LSA guidelines for specific contexts, age groups and language backgrounds, it appears as if technological development, particularly in the (semi)automatic transcription, codin
Current Perceptions and Unmet Needs of People with Parkinson Disease and their Families
Authors: Parveen Sabiha , Moore Jaelan
Published: September 2023

Purpose: A new diagnosis of Parkinson disease (PD) occurs every nine minutes in the United States. It is a multimodality neurogenic disorder whose prevalence is expected to only increase worldwide in the coming decades. Therefore, a systematic examination of the current perception of PD symptoms and the different unmet needs of people with PD and their families can allow healthcare professionals to design more effective education, awareness, and management programs. The current study examined perceptions of different PD-related symptoms among individuals with PD and care partners (including spouses and family members) living in different communities of the United States (including Oklahoma and surrounding regions).Methods: The study included 39 participants with PD and 11 care partners based in four states (including Arkansas, Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas).Results: Findings indicated that participants with PD and care partners more frequently reported motor symptoms associated with PD than nonmotor and communication symptoms. In addition, specific to unmet needs, both groups reported the need for specialized services and educational resources related to PD symptoms in their respective communities.Conclusions: Overall, there is a need for more widespread education and access to specialized services specific to PD. Overall, findings from the study will help create more effective service delivery programs for individuals with PD and their families in different communities.
The Effect of Dysphagia on Quality of Life in Stroke Patients
Authors: Rjoob Mohammad Al , Hassan Nik Fariza Husna Nik , Aziz Mohd Azmarul A , Mustafar Faiz , Zakaria Mohd Normani
Published: September 2023

Purpose: Dysphagia is a prevalent condition following a stroke. Dysphagia and its implications negatively affect quality of life (QOL) aspects. The purpose of this study was to measure the effect of dysphagia on QOL aspects, and to explore its association with sociodemographic factors.Methods: This cross-sectional study included 31 stroke patients with dysphagia. The effect of dysphagia on QOL aspects was measured using the Dysphagia Handicap Index (DHI). Demographic variables included gender, age, educational level, annual family income and the time of onset of dysphagia.Results: The majority of the participants (61.3%) were male, and 67.7% were between 60-70 years old. The onset of dysphagia was less than three months for most of the patients (61.3%). The mean±SD of the DHI total score was 53.5±9.6. Furthermore, the study’s findings revealed significant mean differences in the physical subscale (p=0.003), emotional subscale (p=0.020), and the DHI total score (p=0.005) between groups with different onsets of dysphagia. This means that the effect of dysphagia on physical and emotional aspects, as well as overall quality of life, diminishes over time following a stroke.Conclusions: This study’s results underscore the adverse effect of dysphagia on QOL aspects in stroke patients, with a gradual reduction in this impact over the post-stroke period.
Acciones antropogénicas y su incidencia sobre el declive de poblaciones de polinizadores (abejas nativas) en agroecosistemas cafeteros
Authors: Vargas-Guarin Arsened , Polanco-Puerta Manuel Francisco
Published: September 2023

La reducción de biodiversidad y de poblaciones de polinizadores es un fenómeno multifactorial que incluye la actividad agrícola, a pesar de reconocerse a las abejas nativas como actores en la producción de alimentos, a partir de la polinización. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la incidencia de las acciones antropogénicas inherentes a las actividades productivas en agroecosistemas cafeteros sobre poblaciones de abejas nativas. Para su desarrollo, se seleccionaron tres fincas con tecnología convencional (tc) y tecnología mixta (tm), localizadas en las veredas Vega Platanares, Fátima y Los Pinos, del municipio Garzón, Huila, donde se efectuaron capturas directas de abejas en arbustos de café y posteriormente se realizó la clasificación taxonómica, se estimó la diversidad y la abundancia a partir del índice de Shannon y Simpson. Adicionalmente, se analizaron posibles factores relacionados con la diversidad de abejas silvestres en agroecosistemas cafeteros tc y tm, mediante una encuesta dirigida a 36 productores cafeteros, constatando la utilización de ingredientes activos clorpirifos (11,43 %), glifosato (14,29 %) y fipronil (5,71 %). Registros del Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales (Ideam) exhibió altas precipitaciones en los últimos cinco años, reduciendo la inflorescencia de cafetales de fuente forrajera apícola. El desconocimiento de la importancia de las abejas silvestres en las comunidades se relaciona con la escasa divulgación de su protección, su biología y su influencia en la producción agrícola. Adicionalmente, alarma el desarrollo de la actividad agrícola asociada a deforestación de bosques nativos y remanentes boscosos para la ampliación de la frontera agrícola, básicamente en monocultivo con un manejo a base de productos agroquímicos y ausencia de sombrío.
Creating Custom Immersive 360-Degree Videos for Use in Clinical and Nonclinical Settings: Tutorial
Authors: Naef Aileen C , Jeitziner Marie-Madlen , Jakob Stephan M , Müri René M , Nef Tobias
Published: September 2023

The use of virtual reality (VR) stimulation in clinical settings has increased in recent years. In particular, there has been increasing interest in the use of VR stimulation for a variety of purposes, including medical training, pain therapy, and relaxation. Unfortunately, there is still a limited amount of real-world 360-degree content that is both available and suitable for these applications. Therefore, this tutorial paper describes a pipeline for the creation of custom VR content. It covers the planning and designing of content; the selection of appropriate equipment; the creation and processing of footage; and the deployment, visualization, and evaluation of the VR experience. This paper aims to provide a set of guidelines, based on first-hand experience, that readers can use to help create their own 360-degree videos. By discussing and elaborating upon the challenges associated with making 360-degree content, this tutorial can help researchers and health care professionals anticipate and avoid common pitfalls during their own content creation process.
A Pragmatic Method to Integrate Data From Preexisting Cohort Studies Using the Clinical Data Interchange Standards Consortium (CDISC) Study Data Tabulation Model: Case Study
Authors: Matsuzaki Keiichi , Kitayama Megumi , Yamamoto Keiichi , Aida Rei , Imai Takumi , Ishida Mami , Katafuchi Ritsuko , Kawamura Tetsuya , Yokoo Takashi , Narita Ichiei , Suzuki Yusuke
Published: September 2023

Background

In recent years, many researchers have focused on the use of legacy data, such as pooled analyses that collect and reanalyze data from multiple studies. However, the methodology for the integration of preexisting databases whose data were collected for different purposes has not been established. Previously, we developed a tool to efficiently generate Study Data Tabulation Model (SDTM) data from hypothetical clinical trial data using the Clinical Data Interchange Standards Consortium (CDISC) SDTM.

Objective

This study aimed to design a practical model for integrating preexisting databases using the CDISC SDTM.

Methods

Data integration was performed in three phases: (1) the confirmation of the variables, (2) SDTM mapping, and (3) the generation of the SDTM data. In phase 1, the definitions of the variables in detail were confirmed, and the data sets were converted to a vertical structure. In phase 2, the items derived from the SDTM format were set as mapping items. Three types of metadata (domain name, variable name, and test code), based on the CDISC SDTM, were embedded in the Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) field annotation. In phase 3, the data dictionary, including the SDTM metadata, was outputted in the Operational Data Model (ODM) format. Finally, the mapped SDTM data were generated using REDCap2SDTM version 2.

Results

SDTM data were generated as a comma-separated values file for each of the 7 domains defined in the metadata. A total of 17 items were commonly mapped to 3 databases. Because the SDTM data were set in each database correctly, we were able to integrate 3 independently preexisting databases into 1 database in the CDISC SDTM format.

Conclusions

Our project suggests that the CDISC SDTM is useful for integrating multiple preexisting databases.
Creating Custom Immersive 360-Degree Videos for Use in Clinical and Nonclinical Settings: Tutorial (Preprint)
Authors: Naef Aileen C , Jeitziner Marie-Madlen , Jakob Stephan M , Müri René M , Nef Tobias
Published: September 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

The use of virtual reality (VR) stimulation in clinical settings has increased in recent years. In particular, there has been increasing interest in the use of VR stimulation for a variety of purposes, including medical training, pain therapy, and relaxation. Unfortunately, there is still a limited amount of real-world 360-degree content that is both available and suitable for these applications. Therefore, this tutorial paper describes a pipeline for the creation of custom VR content. It covers the planning and designing of content; the selection of appropriate equipment; the creation and processing of footage; and the deployment, visualization, and evaluation of the VR experience. This paper aims to provide a set of guidelines, based on first-hand experience, that readers can use to help create their own 360-degree videos. By discussing and elaborating upon the challenges associated with making 360-degree content, this tutorial can help researchers and health care professionals anticipate and avoid common pitfalls during their own content creation process.
Identidades sociales, estructuras emergentes y representaciones sociales
Authors: Alvarez Vázquez Gustavo
Published: September 2023

En el presente ensayo se introduce una discusión alrededor de la realidad de las identidades sociales y de la pertinencia para su tratamiento por las ciencias sociales. A continuación se plantea una definición de las mismas a partir de comprender su realidad social desde una perspectiva que apuesta a la comprensión de una imbricación de identidades en los actores, al igual que se defiende la postura de interpretar la generación de identidades sociales a partir de la lógica de la emergencia social, complementaria a su realidad también como ingeniería social. Por último, se argumenta respecto a la utilidad que tiene utilizar la Teoría de las Representaciones Sociales como recurso metodológico para comprender las formas en que se estructuran en contextos determinados por posibles conflictos emergentes.
La Práctica de Valores en la Sucesión y su Continuidad en las Pequeñas Empresas Familiares
Authors: Espíritu Olmos Roberto , Figueroa Solórzano Laura Rubí , Gallegos Bautista Alejandra
Published: September 2023

Los valores que predominan en las pequeñas empresas familiares son solo el producto de creencias, expresiones, cultura y relaciones sociales que existen entre sus integrantes. El objetivo general de este trabajo es analizar los valores practicados en las empresas familiares y los factores que intervienen para la sucesión y su continuidad, buscando explicitar dichos conceptos.
La metodología utilizada permitió llevar a cabo la verificación de las hipótesis planteadas. El tipo de investigación fue cualitativa y cuantitativa para recoger, organizar, resumir, presentar, analizar, generalizar, los resultados del estudio. Se utilizó una muestra de 58 empresas familiares. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que los valores y la teoría del rol influyen en la decisión de la sucesión de la empresa familiar.
Flexibilización, innovación y adaptación como factores de la continuidad y supervivencia organizacional
Authors: Chavez Cruz Eduardo
Published: September 2023

El documento analiza los procesos de cambio experimentados por las organizaciones en el siglo XXI, en la búsqueda de eficiencia, control y orden. Se presentan los paradigmas adoptados por las organizaciones –partiendo del paradigma de la revolución industrial, pasando por el paradigma clásico de la teoría de la organización, y finalmente el paradigma tecnoeconómico y tecnológico–. Se analizan las diferencias existentes entre una organización moderna y una organización posmoderna. Se identifican las formas organizacionales emergentes y flexibles que contribuyen al cambio, adaptación y supervivencia de las organizaciones. Por último, se sugieren algunos temas para la futura agenda de investigación.
Effectiveness of ivermectin and moxidectin against cyathostomins in four horse breeding farms in Mexico
Authors: Martínez Ortiz de Montellano Cintli , Rodriguez-Vivas Roger Ivan , Rosado-Aguilar José Alberto , Galicia-Velázquez Guadalupe
Published: September 2023

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of oral ivermectin and moxidectin against natural cyathostomin infection in four horse farms located in the central regions of Mexico. 445 horses of the Warmblood (145), Thoroughbreds (100), and Quarter Horses (200) breeds, aged between 6 months and 27 years, were used. Data on horses and parasite control methods were collected through interviews with farm owners and veterinarians. Using the McMaster technique, fecal samples were processed from all 445 horses, 180 of which were positive for cyathostomins. On each farm, a selection was made of 45 animals meeting the criteria of a Fecal Egg Count Reduction Test yielding results exceeding 150 eggs per gram of strongylid-type nematodes. Subsequently, three separate experimental groups were formed for each farm, each consisting of 15 horses The first group was treated with oral ivermectin 1.87 %; the second group with oral moxidectin 2 %; and the third was the non-treatment control group. Coprocultures were also performed to identify the presence of nematode species. The data obtained were analyzed with RESO.exe©️. Three of the four farms achieved a 100 % reduction in eggs per gram with both macrocyclic lactones. One farm achieved 93 % reduction with ivermectin and 87 % with moxidectin. This study demonstrates that macrocyclic lactones effectively reduce cyathostomins in three of the four farms studied. The results suggest potential cyathostomin resistance to macrocyclic lactones, particularly moxidectin, on one farm. Given these findings, sustainable parasite management is required on horse breeding farms in Mexico.
A Survey on the Assessment of the Public’s Perception of Solar Energy as an Alternative Energy Source in Dar ES Salaam Tanzania
Authors: Mina S. Rose , Mwiluja Makula M. , Kalabo Fredrick P. , Kaaya Brayzack J. , Gongoma Mr. Salimu R. , John Makoye M.
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Solar energy is considered to be an alternative sustainable energy source in the urban environment. The main aim of this study is to learn what the general public thinks about solar energy. This study‘s main source of inspiration was the dearth of prior research in the area. The questionnaire were prepared to screen for the prevalence of solar energy system users. In total, 100 36 samples were examined for the purposes of this study. The findings revealed that among the respondents, 36, 3636% currently use 36% currently use solar energy for a variety of reasons, including 50% cost savings, 22% environmental sustainability, 17% solar power reliability, and 11% grid access. The findings show that 64 respondents do not currently use solar energy due to a number of reasons, including We found that out of 100 respondents, 70% were aware of the potential benefits of solar energy and only 30% were not. Our study found that 65 respondents’ families had an income of less than one million TZS per month. Therefore, Based on the results it can be concluded that for the general public in the Dar es salaam region, income was acknowledge as a barrier to switching to solar energy as an alternative energy source. The potential of using solar energy in urban areas is highly dependent on urban morphology which affects the level of solar irradiance received by individual buildings. It leads to inefficient design of neighborhoods in terms of solar energy potential. The present study investigates the potential of exploiting solar energy in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania by using numerical modelling of solar irradiance on building roofs and façades. It is shown that there is substantial solar irradiance received by building roofs in all four study neighborhoods and urban morphology has considerable effects on annual solar irradiance. Solar irradiance of different orientations of tilted roofs and façades is subject to seasonality of the solar azimuth angle. It is suggested that such abundant solar energy sources would provide solutions to accommodate the increasing energy demand and to improve living quality in urban areas due to the rapid urbanization of the city.
DESEMPENHO DA PATERNIDADE: experiências de homens com filhos autistas nos vídeos do YouTube
Authors: Fonsêca Marcos Aurélio , Parreiras Laura de Araújo , Modena Celina Maria
Published: September 2023

Paternity is perceived as a singular moment in a man's life. Being the father of one or more children with autism results in particular experiences and varied repercussions in families, which requires the reconfiguration of roles, models and expectations. Effective participation in the care of autistic children is challenging for men as well. Thus, the objective was to understand the performance of paternity, the participation in the care of children and the construction of male identity, through the experiences reported by participants in video recordings published on Youtube. This is qualitative research, with a descriptive-exploratory objective, having as procedure the translation of already existing visual information. The data collection was carried out in September 2022, by selecting free and open access videos. Twenty-three videos were analyzed, separated into two groups, the first composed of 14 spontaneous reports, and the second composed of 9 interviews. The data analysis was carried out by thematic content. The results indicated that the men shared their personal experiences to support other people experiencing the same situations and reported emotions and feelings, the process from diagnosis to acceptance, the mutual learning during the care of their children and the importance of support, including spiritual support. It was concluded that men associated the responsibility for the care of their children with the exercise of paternity and male identity and that social networks can help in the dissemination of information, in reducing prejudice and increasing the participation of fathers.
INTERVENÇÕES NA PARENTALIDADE PARA A PROMOÇÃO DA SAÚDE MENTAL INFANTIL MEDIADAS PELA BIBLIOTERAPIA
Authors: Frota Sarah Donato de Moura , Pinto Nilson Vieira , Daniele Thiago Medeiros da Costa , Martins Mariana Cavalcante , Rolim Karla Maria Carneiro , Frota Mirna Albuquerque
Published: September 2023

This study aimed to understand the meanings of parenting from the perspective of parents in mental health care in early childhood, proposing interventions mediated by Bibliotherapy. This is research with a mixed approach carried out through semi-structured interviews and bibliotherapeutic focus groups. It was found that the ability to change the parents' mentality and behavior has implications for the child's development, based on the understanding of the meanings attributed by them to their children's behavior. Furthermore, the practice of metaparenting, a construct that means improving parental competence, reducing stress, and adopting positive educational practices, is effective in the exercise of parenting that promotes mental health. And it favors continuous relationships between parents and children and long-lasting social interactions, providing opportunities for the psychic, cognitive, behavioral, and emotional development of their children. It is considered that parents who have access to interventions in parenting that encourage self-knowledge (thoughts with awareness) and learning (social cognition) can generate significant transformations caused by changes in behavior and self-care, modifying the environment and social context in that the child is included.
Conflicts in Roman Land Law in the Era of the Empire
Authors: Gvozdeva Inna Andreevna
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study is to examine agriculture of the Ancient Rome from the point of view of the development of judicial proceedings in this branch. During the period of transition from the Republic to the Empire several systems of land surveying were formed in Rome, which contributed to the improvement of land management. In the centuriation system the categories of land ownership and possession were most clearly defined. The task of this study is to show how in land disputes (controversies) there was a change of the archaic legal procedure to the formulary one, characteristic of the preclassical period. However, it is the analysis of controversies that reveals the peculiarity of Roman agriculture, in which the archaic features in legal proceedings not only persist for a long time but also linger until the classical period of Ius Civile. Such controversies as “de loco”, “de fine”, “de proprietate” were conducted using the archaic verb litigo (including the classical period). But at the same time, in the pre-classical legal proceedings the verb “ago” was introduced into the process. Though the combination of features of the archaic and formulary processes complicated the judicial process in land disputes, nevertheless, it retained all the characteristics of the ancient land law which was also important in the classical period of Ius Civile.
Legate against the Emperor: the beginning, course and results of the revolt of Antonius Saturninus
Authors: Parfyonov Victor Nikolaevich
Published: September 2023

The purpose of the work is to analyze the causes, course and consequences of the rebellion of Anthony Saturninus, directed against the emperor Domitian (89 AD). After analyzing the strategic situation in the western provinces and the course of events, the author proves that the performance was poorly prepared, was of a spontaneous nature and was doomed to failure from the very beginning. The author’s conclusions: a thorough analysis of the sources suggests that the initiative of the rebellion of Saturninus belonged to the mass of soldiers, while for Saturninus himself, the imperial acclamation, most likely, was a complete surprise. In 97 AD, the highest commanding staff of the Roman army, mindful of the circumstances of the defeat and death of Saturninus, managed to prevent a civil war by guaranteeing the transfer of power from Emperor Nerva to the protege of the military, Mark Ulpius Trajan.
Pliny the Younger: citizen, landowner, intellectual
Authors: Nikishin Vladimir Olegovich
Published: September 2023

Pliny the Younger is a statesman, writer and lawyer, the author of the only correspondence between the governor of the province and the emperor that has survived to this day. The relevance of the research topic is due to the stereotyped idea formed in historiography of Pliny the Younger as an apologist for Emperor Trajan and an indecisive manager who, for any reason, asked for the authoritative opinion of his august patron. The relevance of the research topic is due to the stereotyped idea formed in historiography of Pliny the Younger as an apologist for Emperor Trajan and an indecisive manager who, for any reason, asked for the authoritative opinion of his august patron. The purpose of the study is to reveal those aspects of the multifaceted personality of Pliny the Younger, which usually remain in the shadow of the usual image of a clever courtier and mediocre administrator. The author considered such facets of Pliny the Younger’s activity as housekeeping and literary creativity. Conclusions: despite the fact that Pliny the Younger began his career under the tyrannical regime of Domitian, he managed to maintain his selfesteem and remain true to his own ideas of honor, duty and conscience. Being generally indifferent to the economy, Pliny the Younger devoted most of his time to literary works, philosophy and rhetoric.
The motif of chariot races in the Ionian art at the turn of the 6th and 5th centuries BC
Authors: Nenakhova Maria Nikolaevna
Published: September 2023

At the turn of the VI - V centuries BC in the funerary art and temple terracotta decoration of the cities of Asia Minor, the motif of chariot races appears. Moreover, these monuments demonstrate an impressive stylistic similarity. The author of the article tried to establish the reason for the persistent appeal to one plot by the Ionian masters in the cult and funeral spheres for a short period of time. Since the horse and chariot agons were associated with Poseidon, the author connects the mentioned plot with the sanctuary of Poseidon Heliconius at Cape Mycale. According to the hypothesis proposed by the author, chariot races were associated not only with the cult of Poseidon, but also with the Panionian games in honor of the god of the seas. This connection, according to the author, was reflected in the temple friezes depicting chariot races, which served as an important visual reference to the cult that united the member cities of the Ionian Union.
Why did the Romans need Venus Erucina?
Authors: Kvashnin Vladimir Aleksandrovitch
Published: September 2023

The study is devoted to the origins of the cult of Venus of Eryx, whose temple was erected on the Capitol during the Hannibal War. After analyzing the sources, the author studied both the specific historical context of the establishment of a new cult, and the connection of the new deity with various hypostases of Venus, which became widespread in the territory of ancient Italy. The author associated the creation of the cult of Venus Erucina, firstly, with victories during the struggle between Rome and Carthage and, secondly, with an attempt to integrate Rome into the cultural space of the Greek world, since Venus was identified with Aphrodite. The scientific novelty of the undertaken study lies in the fact that the author, taking into account the famous senatusconsultum on bacchanalia, put forward a hypothesis about the conduct in 186-184 BC by the Porcii clan and their allies, a kind of religious reform, which made it possible, on the one hand, to preserve the Greek traditions of the veneration of Venus of Eryx, and on the other hand, to “cleanse” the cult of Venus Capitoline from foreign influences.
Numerical integration of the Cauchy problem with non-singular special points
Authors: Belov Aleksandr A. , Gorbov Igor V.
Published: September 2023

Solutions of many applied Cauchy problems for ordinary differential equations have one or more multiple zeros on the integration segment. Examples are the equations of special functions of mathematical physics. The presence of multiples of zeros significantly complicates the numerical calculation, since such problems are ill-conditioned. Round-off errors may corrupt all decimal digits of the solution. Therefore, multiple zeros should be treated as special points of the differential equations. In the present paper, a local solution transformation is proposed, which converts the multiple zero into a simple one. The calculation of the latter is not difficult. This makes it possible to dramatically improve the accuracy and reliability of the calculation. Illustrative examples have been carried out, which confirm the advantages of the proposed method.
On a stable calculation of the normal to a surface given approximately
Authors: Laneev Evgeniy B. , Baaj Obaida
Published: September 2023

The paper proposes a stable method for constructing a normal to a surface given approximately. The normal is calculated as the gradient of the function in the surface equation. As is known, the problem of calculating the derivative is ill-posed. In the paper, an approach is adopted to solving this problem as to the problem of calculating the values of an unbounded operator. To construct its stable solution, the principle of minimum of the smoothing functional in Morozov’s formulation is used. The normal is obtained in the form of a Fourier series in the expansion in terms of eigenfunctions of the Laplace operator in a rectangle with boundary conditions of the second kind. The functional stabilizer uses the Laplacian, which makes it possible to obtain a normal in the form of a Fourier series that converges uniformly to the exact normal vector as the error in the surface definition tends to zero. The resulting approximate normal vector can be used to solve various problems of mathematical physics using surface integrals, normal derivatives, simple and double layer potentials.
Hodge-de Rham Laplacian and geometric criteria for gravitational waves
Authors: Babourova Olga V. , Frolov Boris N.
Published: September 2023

The curvature tensor \(\hat{R}\) of a manifold is called harmonic, if it obeys the condition \(\Delta^{\text{(HR)}}\hat{R}=0\), where \(\Delta^{\text{(HR)}}=DD^{\ast} +
D^{\ast}D\) is the Hodge–deRham Laplacian. It is proved that all solutions of the Einstein equations in vacuum, as well as all solutions of the Einstein–Cartan theory in vacuum have a harmonic curvature. The statement that only solutions of Einstein’s equations of type \(N\) (describing gravitational radiation) are harmonic is refuted.
Identification of COVID-19 spread factors in Europe based on causal analysis of medical interventions and socio-economic data
Authors: Brou Kouame A.
Published: September 2023

Since the appearance of COVID-19, a huge amount of data has been obtained to help understand how the virus evolved and spread. The analysis of such data can provide new insights which are needed to control the progress of the epidemic and provide decision-makers with the tools to take effective measures to contain the epidemic and minimize the social consequences. Analysing the impact of medical treatments and socioeconomic factors on coronavirus transmission has been given considerable attention. In this work, we apply panel autoregressive distributed lag modelling (ARDL) to European Union data to identify COVID-19 transmission factors in Europe. Our analysis showed that non-medicinal measures were successful in reducing mortality, while strict isolation virus testing policies and protection mechanisms for the elderly have had a positive effect in containing the epidemic. Results of Dumitrescu-Hurlin paired-cause tests show that a bidirectional causal relationship exists for all EU countries causal relationship between new deaths and pharmacological interventions factors and that, on the other hand, some socioeconomic factors cause new deaths when the reverse is not true.
Brain-computer interaction modeling based on the stable diffusion model
Authors: Shchetinin Eugeny Yu.
Published: September 2023

This paper investigates neurotechnologies for developing brain-computer interaction (BCI) based on the generative deep learning Stable Diffusion model. An algorithm for modeling BCI is proposed and its training and testing on artificial data is described. The results are encouraging researchers and can be used in various areas of BCI, such as distance learning, remote medicine and the creation of robotic humanoids, etc.
A study of the resources-for-infrastructure agreements in oil-rich markets
Authors: Oluyeju Maria , Oluyeju Olufemi
Published: September 2023

Infrastructure acts as a catalyst for human and economic development and is critical to the general functioning of a society. It defines a country’s international competitiveness and creates jobs (Chen, 2018). However, in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), it is well documented that, in terms of the most common measures of infrastructure development, the region typically lags behind most developing regions (Calderon et al., 2018). Although the region is abundantly rich in natural resources, with discoveries being continuously made, the lack of infrastructure remains one of the significant obstacles to sustaining economic development in the region. Given the constraints on traditional sources of infrastructure finance, resources-for-infrastructure (R4I) deals present one of the most promising financing techniques for bridging the infrastructure gaps in SSA (Halland et al., 2014). Its potential use, however, begs the question of whether R4I deals guarantee remunerative returns by ensuring the mutuality of benefits between host nations and foreign developers. In answering this question, we used a theoretical or doctrinal approach. Although certain aspects of R4I deals as a financing mechanism are flawed, this mechanism can be leveraged to address the huge infrastructure deficit in the region. This paper thus informs policymakers on the aspects of R4I deals that need reform.
Identification of the Functional Loci and Candidate Gene Associated with Maize Northern Leaf Blight Resistance in a Multi-Parental Population
Authors: Bi Yaqi , Jiang Fuyan , Yin Xingfu , Shaw Ranjan Kumar , Zhang Yudong , Guo Ruijia , Wang Jing , Li kunzhi , Fan Xingming
Published: September 2023

Identifying candidate genes associated with resistance to northern leaf
blight (NLB) will greatly enhance maize breeding programs aiming at
reducing maize grain yield losses caused by NLB. In this study, a
multi-parental population (MPP) was constructed consisting of four
recombined inbred line (RIL) subpopulations, all sharing a common parent
Ye107, for GWAS and linkage analysis. The results revealed the detection
of a significant SNP, 5-49193921, from a tropical maize inbred line
YML226. This SNP was found to be associated with the gene
Zm00001d014471, which encodes a pentatricopeptide repeat
(PPR-like) superfamily protein. Furthermore, gene expression analysis
showed a positive correlation between the expression of
Zm00001d014471 and NLB resistance. Notably, the F
generation of YML226 × Ye107 contained the largest
number of specific SNPs within the genic region, suggesting that its
abundant genetic variation might contribute to its high NLB resistance.
Furthermore, there was a specific nonsynonymous SNP (C to T) causing a
nucleotide change at position 235, leading to an alteration of an amino
acid, which resulted in the modification of a motif in the PPR protein.
Our results revealed that tropical maize germplasm YML226 could serve an
important genetic resource for NLB resistance. Additionally, previous
studies have shown that YML226 is an exceptional elite line derived from
CATETO germplasm, exhibiting a higher positive general combining ability
for grain yield. Therefore, YML226 holds great promise for the breeding
of NLB-resistant maize cultivars in the future.
Anemoside B4 alleviates DSS-induced colitis by inhibiting CD1d-dependent NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages
Authors: Li jiao , Li Pan , Yuan Shuo , Xue Jia-Chen , Meng Huan , Hou Xiao-Ting , Gao Bi-Hu , Zhang Qinggao
Published: September 2023

Background and Purpose: Abnormal activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in
macrophages is closely associated with Ulcerative colitis (UC), and
targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome has been proposed as a potential
therapeutic approach, but the underlying mechanism by which it regulates
intestinal inflammation remains unclear. Anemoside B4 (AB4) has
anti-inflammatory activity, but whether it alleviates UC by inhibiting
the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome remains unclear. More importantly,
the molecular targets of AB4 remain unknown. Experimental Approach: We
explored the role of AB4 in the development of dextran sodium sulfate
(DSS)-induced colitis in wild-type (WT) mice and its effect on NLRP3
inflammasome. We isolated intestinal macrophages and epithelial cells,
and validated them in DSS-induced NLRP3-deficient (NLRP3-/-) mice. The
target and molecular mechanism of AB4 were identified in LPS-induced
macrophages in vitro and DSS-induced macrophage-specific CD1d depletion
(CD1d-/-) mice in vivo. Key Results: This study showed that AB4 had a
strong anti-inflammatory effect DSS-induced colitis in WT mice, whereas
the protective effects were lost in NLRP3-/- mice. AB4 inhibited the
activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in colonic macrophages without
affecting intestinal epithelial cells. Mechanistically, AB4 might target
CD1d thus reducing the AKT-STAT1-PRDX1-NF-κB signaling pathway,
eventually inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome.
Macrophage-specific CD1d depletion had been shown to reverse the
protective effect of AB4. Conclusions and Implications: Our data showed
that AB4 attenuated DSS-induced colitis by inhibiting CD1d-dependent
NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages. Therefore, as a natural
product with high safety index, AB4 might be considered a promising
candidate drug for the treatment of colitis.
Why classical receptor theory, which ignores allostery, can effectively measure the strength of an allosteric effect underlying the ligand efficacy
Authors: Onaran Ongun , Costa Tommaso
Published: September 2023

Background and Purpose: The classical theory of receptor action has been
used for decades as a powerful tool to estimate molecular determinants
of ligand-induced receptor activation (i.e. affinity and efficacy) from
experimentally observable biological responses. However, it is also a
well-recognized fact that the receptor-binding and activation
mechanisms, and the parameters thereof, described in the classical
theory contradict with the modern view of receptor activation based on
allosteric principles. Experimental Approach: We used mathematical
analysis, along with some numerical simulations, to answer the key
question as to what extent the classical theory is compatible -if at
all- with the modern understanding of receptor activation. Key Results:
Here, we showed conclusively that 1) receptor activation equations based
on allosteric principles contain the logic of the classical theory in
disguise, and therefore, 2) estimates of “intrinsic efficacy” ()
obtained by means of classical techniques (i.e. null methods or fitting
the operational model to concentration-response data) are equivalent to
the allosteric coupling factors that represent the molecular efficacy of
ligands. Conclusion and Implications: Thus, we conclude that despite the
right criticisms it has received so far, the classical theory may
continue to be useful in estimating ligand efficacy from experimental
data, if used properly. Here, we also provide rigorous criteria for the
proper use of the theory. These findings not only have implications on
ligand classification, but also resolve some long lasting discussions in
the field of bias agonism in GPCR, which requires reasonable estimates
of relative ligand efficacies at different signalling pathways.
Reciprocal inhibition and competitive hierarchy cause negative biodiversity-ecosystem function relationships
Authors: D'Andrea Rafael , Khattar Gabriel , Koffel Thomas , Frans Veronica , Bittleston Leonora , Cuellar-Gempeler Catalina
Published: September 2023

The relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem function (BEF)
captivates ecologists, but the factors responsible for the direction of
this relationship remain unclear. While higher ecosystem functioning at
higher biodiversity levels (‘positive BEF’) is not universal in nature,
negative BEF relationships seem puzzlingly rare. Here, we develop a
dynamical consumer-resource model inspired by microbial decomposer
communities in pitcher plant leaves to investigate BEF. We manipulate
microbial diversity via controlled colonization and measure their
function as total ammonia production. We test how niche partitioning
among bacteria and other ecological processes influence BEF in the
leaves. We find that a negative BEF can emerge from reciprocal
interspecific inhibition in ammonia production causing a negative
complementarity effect, or from competitive hierarchies causing a
negative selection effect. Absent these factors, a positive BEF was the
typical outcome. Our findings provide a potential explanation for the
rarity of negative BEF in empirical data.