bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bearing defects diagnostics using the principal components analysis
Authors: Abidova E A , Lapkis A A , Chernov A V
Published: December 2019

In this paper a new method of bearing defects detecting and defect severity assessment based on the results of singular spectrum decomposition (SSD) of the vibration signal is proposed. The presented results of equipment diagnostics in the laboratory conditions have demonstrated the applicability of signal representation in the principal component basis to improve diagnostic sensitivity.
Study of adaptive hydraulic drive of rotary drilling machine
Authors: Lemeshko M A , Stradanchenko S G , Iliev A G , Zanina I A
Published: December 2019

The article deals with drilling machines in which the ratio of the load between the power to rotate and the power to feed is carried out automatically due to the structure of the adaptive machine, with the provision of self-regulation for drilling modes close to optimal. Changing drilling conditions automatically results in a change in the ratio of speed to feed force, providing maximum performance while protecting against sudden overloads, for example, when encountering solid inclusions in the drill rock, or when shading a well. The ratio of frequency of rotation and feed rate determines the specific depth of cut (specific feed) and determines the performance of the working process of the drilling machine. A typical example of such a machine is a drilling machine rotary type with hydraulic rotation and feed. The cutting theory determines the rational drilling conditions, known rational specific feed, rational speed, minimum and maximum feed force, depending on the strength of the material being drilled and the degree of blunting of the cutting tool.

The block diagram of such a drilling machine is considered and the analysis of the influence of parameters and characteristics of individual hydraulic elements on the drive setting on the rational mode of operation is given. The research stand and its structure are given, some results of experimental researches are given. It is established that the chokes of the drive settings can adjust the degree of adaptation, change its sensitivity to external influences and change the range of operating conditions for the rational functioning of adaptive drilling.
Study of the influence of the basic spectra of discrete light sources on the seeds of greenhouse cultures
Authors: Donskoy D Yu , Vernezi M A , Katin O I , Goryanina K I , Studennikova S G , Petkovic M
Published: December 2019

This article refers to studies conducted on the seeds of vegetable and green crops with low useful mass, which require light stimulation at all periods of development. Research was conducted using RGBW LEDs. There is a large number of scientific studies proving the effectiveness of the technology of photostimulation of seeds and seedlings of various crops. However, there is no consensus on what the positive effect of the variable light field on a biological object is based. This is due to the complexity of the process of photosynthesis, where the productivity of photosynthesis is considered as an integral response to the influence of external conditions. The study of the influence of various light modes on plants is necessary to search for performance criteria. The found efficiency criteria will provide an opportunity to systematize the many well-known results of the impact of variable light conditions on plants in order to identify plants as a biological object by optical properties, as well as to use to standardize technological lighting in greenhouse production.
The use of statistical analysis methods in assessing long-term prognoses in patients with acute coronary syndrome and contrast-induced nephropathy
Authors: Kobzeva N , Terentev V , Zolotuhina I
Published: December 2019

Thus, using a rank correlation analysis, a preliminary analysis of the relationship between the increase / decrease in blood creatinine, blood urea, GFR (Cockcroft-Gault) and GFR (CKD-EPI) after coronary angiography with vascular events was performed. A KaplanMeier survival analysis demonstrated the statistically significant effect of contrast-induced nephropathy on the risk of death from myocardial infarction in patients with long-term acute coronary syndrome.
Determination of the practical accuracy of the operation of the safety friction clutch with a variable gain installed in the forging equipment ensuring the absence of breakdowns
Authors: Kobzev K O , Bozhko E S , Mozgovoi A V , Iliev A G , Kovaleva A A
Published: December 2019

The created version of SFC with a variable value of the feedback gain theoretically has the accuracy of operation of the “ideal” SFC when it is installed in forging and stamping equipment. A variable value of the gain is obtained by changing the pressure angle of the rolling element control device depending on the transmitted load.

To obtain a variable value, the gain in the SFC was changed in the design of the control device.

The experimental studies of the full-scale SFC sample with a variable gain, however, showed that the coupling does not have the accuracy of operation inherent in the “ideal” SFC. Since the gain was experimentally studied in the static loading mode on the installation with a shortened kinematic chain, i.e., with a smooth increase in the load (the time of the full overload, which leads to the operation of the SFC, is longer than the period of natural vibrations of the system), the effect of unaccounted dynamic loads is practically excluded.
Theoretical foundations of the use of single-circuit negative feedback in safety friction clutches with differentiated friction pairs installed in forging equipment
Authors: Kobzev K O , Bozhko E S , Mozgovoi A V , Molev M D , Stuzhenko N I
Published: December 2019

From studies aimed at summarizing the results of private surveys, conditions of high accuracy SFC with single-loop negative feedback are obtained. These conditions reflect the dependences of the magnitude of the coefficient of force and the spacer force generated by the feedback control device on the current coefficient of the gain value of the coefficient of friction, which theoretically ensure the limiting value of the torque transmitted by the clutch, which leads to failure-free operation of the crank presses.
Aspects of using single-circuit negative feedback in a safety friction clutch with all leading friction pairs, taking into account installation in crank presses
Authors: Kobzev K O , Bozhko E S , Mozgovoi A V , Chertov Y E , Zanina I A
Published: December 2019

A feature of the considered option is that, as an analog, a safety friction clutch (SFC) of the usual accuracy of operation in crank presses, in which there is no feedback control device, is adopted. Moreover, this case is applied only with a minimum value of the coefficient of friction, i.e., a constructive version of such a SFC should provide for the feedback control device to be turned off from operation under the indicated condition. Taking into account the structure of the ratio for calculating the magnitude of the gain, as well as the fact that for the “ideal” SFC, this value should be variable, it should be noted, taking into account the previous experience in calculating and constructing SFC of this type, that it is most convenient to vary the magnitude of the gain by changes in the angle (pressure angle of the rolling element control device).
The heating rate influence on the elastic modulus temperature dependence of a corrosion-resistant nickel alloy
Authors: Zhilyakov A Yu , Belikov S V , Polovov I B , Gibadullina A F , Elkina E V
Published: December 2019

The temperature dependence of the elastic modulus of nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloy C4 was investigated by the method of dynamic mechanical analysis. At all heating rates, an abnormal increase in the elastic modulus is observed upon heating in the temperature range of 200-300 °C. It is shown that an increase in the heating rate shifts the beginning of the observed effect to the region of higher temperatures. The temperature anomaly in the elastic modulus of the C4 alloy is explained from the standpoint of the formation of a short-range order in a solid solution. The thermodynamically equilibrium temperature of the “disorder – short-range order” transition in C4 alloy is determined to be 205 °C.
Investigation of optical properties of QD-InAs/GaAs heterostructures obtained by ion-beam deposition
Authors: Blokhin E E , Irkha V A
Published: December 2019

In this paper, we investigate heterostructures with an array of InAs quantum dots encapsulated by GaAs barrier layers obtained by ion-beam epitaxy. The thickness of the layers was less than 30 nm. It is shown that this technique allows to obtain quantum dots with lateral dimensions up to 50 nm with a height of 10 nm. The density of the obtained array of quantum dots was 109 cm−2. The studies performed using photoluminescence methods revealed the peaks of the main transitions for quantum dots at 1.1 eV (1150 nm) for samples with GaAs barrier, which corresponds to the near-infrared. The width of the main peak of the samples was about 0.2-0.25 eV, which is associated with the dispersion of quantum dots sizes. Dark current-voltage characteristics of the structures proved that the value of dark current density at 90 K is about 10−6 A/cm2. The asymmetry of the dark current curves at positive and negative shifts is determined. The samples also showed that an increase of temperature leads to degradation of characteristics. When the operating temperature rises to 300 K, the density of the dark current changes in the range from 0.1 to 0.01 A/cm2.
Development of a mathematical model for determining the EMF of the secondary winding of a measuring current transformer based on the Rogowski coil
Authors: Oganyan R , Gorbatenko N , Lankin M
Published: December 2019

This article is devoted to the development of a mathematical model for determining the electromotive force (EMF) of the secondary winding of a measuring current transformer based on a Rogowski coil. The study focuses on determining the EMF in the secondary winding of the current transformer at different positions of the primary bus, its forms, as well as the overall dimensions of the whole measuring equipment. The study was conducted on the basis of finite element modeling and elements of the experimental design techniques. Finite-element models have been developed for various primary bus shapes in the Femm program. Regression models were obtained for determining the magnetic flux passing through the Rogowski coil in order to determine the EMF in the secondary winding using the Statistica program. The research results showed the importance of taking into account the position of the primary bus relative to the center of the Rogowski coil, as well as the influence of the shape of the primary bus on the measurement result of EMF in the secondary winding of the current transformer.
Model of deformation of a feather quill when rolling with a ribbed roller on the flat surface
Authors: Chertov Y E , Fisunova E Y
Published: December 2019

Mathematical modeling is an effective and cost-effective alternative to a trial physical experiment in solving problems associated with the development of new technologies and equipment. The paper is devoted to modeling the deformation process of a feather quill when rolling by a ribbed roller on a flat surface to form thorough kneading on its concave side, providing additional bending. The technology is used to enhance the Executive ability (“Fill Power” measure) of feather stock of land birds, which are used for manufacturing down-feather products, as an alternative to increasingly scarce and expensive feahers of waterfowl. This is especially true for products with a short service life, intended for use in the rectifying natural disasters and the consequences of accidents.

The developed mathematical model allows us to investigate the dependence of the resistance force of the roller on the design parameters of the working body: the knurling pitch; the angular size of the flute; the diameter of the riffle vertices.

Stresses arising in the structure of the quill under the action of compressive load, when loading and removing the load in an arbitrary cross-section of a feather quill have different values and are described by the corresponding regression models. The solution of the system of regression equations together with the kinematic equations of motion of the working body allows to determine the strength of resistance and power requirement of the deformation of feather quill of land birds to improve the “Fill Power” of feather stock.

The dependence of the total rolling resistance force for the working body and the chicken feather quill of the given parameters obtained on the model is given.
Medical Image Inpainting Using Multi-Scale Patches and Neural Networks Concepts
Authors: Gapon N V , Voronin V V , Sizyakin R A , Bakaev D , Skorikova A
Published: December 2019

In this paper, we consider the problem of medical images inpainting, where the goal is to reconstruct missing or damaged parts of the image. This is a good tool for medical applications such as vascular restoration, removal of specular reflections for endoscopic images, removal of MRI artifacts, etc. The new method combines the search for patches of various sizes and the operation of a pre-trained neural network. The large patches are used to reconstruct homogeneous areas, and then small patches are used to reconstruct structure image details. As a result, the proposed method provides a plausible of medical images inpainting. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in the tasks of medical images inpainting.
Image defect detection algorithm based on deep learning
Authors: Sizyakin R A , Voronin V V , Gapon N V , Zelensky A A , Pižurica A
Published: December 2019

In this paper proposed a system for automatic defects detection in images. The solution to this problem is widely used in practice. Automatic detection is found in the challenge of detecting defects on the road surface, in the textile industry, as well as virtual restoration of archival photo images. The solution to this range of problems allows speeding up work in these areas, and in some cases, completely solving. To solve the first two problems (search for defects on the pavement and textiles), it is enough to create a mask that localizes defects in the image with maximum reliability, while photo restoration requires additional algorithms to restore the detected damaged areas. The proposed method is based on the latest achievements in the field of machine learning and allows solve the main disadvantages of traditional methods. Automatic defect detection is performed using a neural network with compound descriptor. A series of experiments confirmed the high efficiency of the proposed method in comparison with traditional methods for detecting defects.
Green chemical engineering: challenges in chemical industrial processes for a better life
Authors: Riadi L
Published: December 2019

Almost thirty years away from sustainable development Rio summit, we still need to put a big effort in promoting and implementing industrial sustainable process. Green chemical engineering has been involved in industrial processes and chemical engineers are working to develop solutions for green and economic production of product using clean technologies, solving energy and raw materials shortage, sustainable water supply and wastewater treatment, carbon capture and utilization. This paper aims to highlight developments, challenges and best practices in green chemical engineering for both green product engineering and green process engineering. Incorporating the green engineering concept in the curriculum at university level to create a critical mass of engineers and scientists in green engineering is also included.
Regulatory performance of two different tuning methods for milk cooling control system
Authors: Agustriyanto R
Published: December 2019

Temperature is one of the essential factors for bacterial growth in milk. The higher the temperature, the faster the growth of bacteria. It is empirically proven that the bacteria will stop growing at the temperature of about 4°C. In this research, continuous milk cooling process was simulated and then controlled by using Proportional - Integral (PI) feedback control system. The regulatory performance of the two different tuning methods were then analyzed (i.e Tyreus - Luybean and Hagglund – Astorm). Their SSE (sum squared of errors) were compared. It was found that Tyreus – Luyben method gave better regulatory performance than Hagglund – Astorm.
Effect of NR-g-cellulose coupling agent into NR-cellulose composite dispersibility and its physical properties
Authors: Handayani H , Cifriadi A , Handayani A S , Chalid M , Savetlana S , Christwardana M
Published: December 2019

Natural rubber and cellulose are two materials with very different compatibility, so it is difficult to produce homogenous composite without using coupling agent. Natural rubber is nonpolar while cellulose is polar. The combination of natural rubber with cellulose is expected to produce composite with higher strength. The reinforcement concept of polymeric materials, such as natural rubber with cellulose as filler, results from increased rubber-filler interactions. This study aims to determine the effect of NR-
g
-Cellulose as coupling agent on the dispersibility of the composite and its physical properties. Hexamine/resorcinol and silane were used as a reference for a commercial coupling agent. Cellulose material was mixed in two-roll open mill together with natural rubber and other chemicals using three types of coupling agents, hexamine/resorcinol, silane, and NR-
g
-Cellulose. The FESEM result of the surface of composite indicated that composite with NR-
g
-Cellulose as coupling agent showed homogenously dispersed compared to two other types of coupling agent but it is lower in physical properties, especially in tensile strength, tear strength, compression set, and rebound resilience of the composite. It may be caused by the NR-
g
-Cellulose coupling agent not working optimally and therefore it needs a high temperature to optimize the coupling agent to react with natural rubber and cellulose.
The effects of electroculture on shoot proliferation of garlic (Allium sativum l.)
Authors: Manguiam Von Louie R , Margate Ashley Marie N. , Hilahan Rose Danielle G , Lucin Harold Gian L , Pamintuan Kristopher Ray S , Adornado Adonis P
Published: December 2019

The Philippines is an archipelago that always experiences yearly devastating typhoons which hinders continuous agricultural crop production. Using an old horticulture technique called electroculture, supplied electric voltage can stimulate plant growth, improve crop quality, and increase crop yields as long as the contributing factors are present – dormancy and essential nutrients. Using garlic (Allium sativum L.), three set-ups were prepared: control, 6 V, and 12 V electrocuted systems. Then, the effects of the supplied voltage in terms of plant height were visualized. The reaction of the garlic (A. sativum L.) to the application of voltage gave unfavorable results – the average height is relatively higher for the controlled system having 78.2 cm compared to the 6 V and 12 V set-ups of 55.7 cm and 57.1 cm, respectively. However, from the data of the 12th, 17th, 18th, 19th, 20th, 21st, 25th, and 26th day of the experimental period, the electricity applied somehow assisted the plant’s growth. Drying and decrease in height were also visible during the 29th day of the experiment. Further experimentation and optimization can be done to substantiate the results of this present study.
The surface roughness analysis using sound signal in turning of mild steel
Authors: Patwari Anayet U , Zamee A A , Bhuiyan M H , Sakib S M
Published: December 2019

Among every other parameters of production process, surface roughness holds its ground as one of the most crucial factors for the quality analysis. Good surface finish is a major criterion in almost every machining process. If the surfaces aren’t smooth, many kinds of mechanical, thermal, frictional, vibrational problems may occur. So minimizing the surface roughness should be the top priority. Surface roughness depends on many factors. But it has a direct relation with the tool conditions and overhang length of the tool. With the variations of tool conditions and overhang length the machining sound level also varies. In this present study, an analysis has been made based on captured sound signal to correlate the surface roughness parameters with sound level at different tool and overhang length conditions. As the cutting tool wears out due to continuous usage, surface roughness also develops on the tool surface. It has been observed that with the increase of overhang length the sound generated level within the cutting zone varied and surface roughness in the job also varied due to the effect of vibration and friction. A correlation factor has been investigated with the sound level variation to analyze the surface roughness condition with different tool wear and overhang length.
A review of a machine design of chocolate extrusion based co-rotating twin screw extruder
Authors: Pitayachaval P , Watcharamaisakul P
Published: December 2019

Based on innovation and competitive market for food industry, there are several food products which have been designed to attract customer. Since there is USD 39,431 millions of chocolate sales in 2018, USA [1], chocolate product shapes have been developed based on manufacturing process. This paper presents a review process of a machine design of chocolate extrusion based co-rotating twin screw extruder. A property of suitable chocolate for extruder was established. The pros and cons of machine extruder for food processing including, a screw extruder design were exposed. Since there were problems in the chocolate extruder, the process parameters such as barrel temperatures, feed rate, screw speed, motor load and melt pressure were established. These parameters would be applied to design screw extruder for chocolate processing.
Carbon emission modelling in container terminal operations planning using a system dynamics approach
Authors: Prayogo D N
Published: December 2019

This paper discusses the model development of carbon emission cost in container terminal operations planning using a system dynamics approach. Operational planning in a container terminal consists of planning a vessel at berth process, containers loading and unloading processes by quay cranes, containers transportation process by container trucks, containers loading and unloading processes by yard cranes, and containers receiving and delivery processes by container trailers. In each stage, the process will produce carbon gas emissions. A system dynamics simulation model was applied to determine the optimal allocation of the number of used material handling equipment based on the number of handled containers to minimize the total carbon emissions in a container terminal operations planning. The design of a system dynamics simulation model considers the uncertainty in the vessel arrival time and the number of containers that should be handled on each moored vessel at the berth. The system dynamics model had been applied to a numerical example for resulting the optimal solutions of planning decisions at container terminal operations.
Effects of initial concentration, adsorbent mass, pH and temperature to personal care products waste removal with activated carbon as adsorbent
Authors: Priyantini H R , Riadi L , Effendi C , Effendi F , Mitayani A
Published: December 2019

Before being discharged into the water, waste from the personal care products (PCP) industry needs to be treated using the adsorption process. In this study, activated carbon is chosen as adsorbent because of its organophilic property, abundance, and continuous system. The experiment was carried out in batches using 3 variables of COD concentrations in PCP wastes in 250 ppm, 225 ppm, and 200 ppm with the adsorbent mass amount of 0.3 g/l, 0.35 g/l, and 0.4 g/l. In this experiment, the effects of initial COD concentration, adsorbent mass, pH, and temperature on the adsorption process, equilibrium models and mass transfer coefficients of adsorption will be analyzed. Equilibrium models of Distribution Coefficient, Freundlich, and Langmuir Model, were implemented in this experiment. From results of the study, the equilibrium system of PCP waste and activated carbon using Langmuir Equilibrium achieved a removal value of 69.03% at concentration of 200 ppm and the adsorbent mass of 0.4 g/l. To determine the mass transfer coefficient, an external adsorption model was used. The coefficient value of mass transfer coefficient (kc) with the trial method is 3.78x10-8 m/min. Using numerical method with MATLAB, the result is 7.6222x10-8 m/min, while using the analytical approach, the result is 7.413x10-8 m/min.
A kinetic study of oil-in-water emulsion formation stabilized by rice husk ash and lecithin
Authors: Sapei L , Kurniawan S W , Siantoro A P
Published: December 2019

Many food products are in the forms of emulsions whereby at least one phase is dispersed in other phases. Since emulsions consist of different immiscible phases, they tend to be unstable with time despite the incorporation of emulsifiers. In this study, the stabilities of oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions prepared using emulsifier mixtures of rice husk ash (RHA) and lecithin were monitored with time and destabilization kinetics of emulsion were studied. Rice husk ash of 2% was combined with various lecithin concentrations ranged from 0.5% to 3%, and they were added into the oil phase. The emulsification was carried out using a rotor stator homogenizer. The results showed that the rate of emulsion destabilization followed the first order kinetic model. The lowest value k1 of 0.4 × 10−3 minute−1 was obtained from the combination of 2% RHA and 2% lecithin. This implied the synergism action of RHA with lecithin in stabilizing the emulsion. The mixtures of lecithin and RHA seemed to be quite promising in stabilizing the O/W emulsion system for designing healthy O/W emulsion food-based products.
A systematic literature review for developing sustainability assessment tool: formulating the state of the art and future direction
Authors: Sari Y , Hidayatno A , Suzianti A , Hartono M
Published: December 2019

Sustainability, with the concept of “triple bottom line”, has been growing as a “trending topic” recently. It is no longer a paradox; it is now about how to turn this challenge or opportunity into day-to-day management decisions to achieve advantage in both financial performance and corporate sustainability. In conjunction with it, there is a growing need for a better way to develop, assess and measure organization’s sustainability performance. This paper discussed a three-stage systematic literature review that is being deployed as the research framework, to scope how sustainability assessments have been developed recently and to formulate the State of the Art for future research. It reviewed 63 selected articles out of 875 papers from Science Direct database. Based on our review, as the novelty proposed by this publication, there were two major approaches used in developing sustainability assessment i.e. criteria-based and model-based approaches. Both approaches had similar popularity in publication: 57% for criteria-based and 43% for model-based. Each had its strengths and weaknesses, but the model-based approach was chosen for future development of the conceptual framework. Furthermore, the review indicated that several main concepts were being used for sustainability assessment and guided the future development into the concept of Business Process Management and Corporate Sustainability.
Controlled release fertilizer based on starch chitosan encapsulation
Authors: Savitri E , Purwanto E , Kodrat A N , Yonathan E
Published: December 2019

Phosphor is the main component in a triple super phosphate (TSP) fertilizer which is needed by plants. However, phosphorus is very soluble in the water and makes it easily removed from the soil flowing into the river, and causing algae bloom problems. The solution for the problem is by using the fertilizer coated with starch-chitosan based material. The coated hydrogel bead fertilizer was expected to have a phosphorus controlled-released behaviour and retain the phosphor to be able to stay for a longer time in the soil. This research dealt with studying phosphorus releasing behaviour of starch-chitosan based fertilizer, water uptaking characteristic (swelling), and the morphology of the materials. The commercial granular fertilizer TSP was coated using starch-chitosan suspension. The coatings were conducted by spraying technique. The chitosan-starch mass ratio used were 100:0, 30:70, and 70:30, otherwise the starch percentages were made of 1%, 2%, and 3%. After coated by starch-chitosan suspension, the fertilizers were dried and used on the soil media. The soil which contained coated fertilizer was regularly watered and the phosphorus content was analyzed. The study showed that the water uptaking of the coated fertilizer was higher than that of the conventional uncoated fertilizer. The optimum condition of the chitosan-starch based coating was 30:70 and 2% of starch percentage. Furthermore, the higher chitosan content yielded the higher water uptaking capacity. This phenomenon is supported by the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) result. The coating fertilizer with higher chitosan content (ratio of 70:30, 2% starch) had more pores than that of lower chitosan content (ratio of 30:70, 1% starch).
Combined structural equation modelling – artificial neural networks model for predicting customer loyalty
Authors: Hadiyat M A
Published: December 2019

Customer loyalty becomes considerations by service providers to maintain for reducing the churn rate. Many studies propose factors that are significantly influencing customer loyalty, and apply them for predicting it. Based on mathematical models, loyalty prediction methods are developed, and it involves new approaches including machine learning. This research aim is predicting customer loyalty using the combination of structural equation model (SEM) and artificial neural networks (ANN). The methodology starts by applying SEM for selecting statistically significant factors affect the loyalty. The linear SEM model ensures this relationship by fulfilling statistical hypothesis and fulfilled assumptions. Once selected factors are found, they are treated as inputs for ANN modelling. ANN is selected because of its ability in nonlinear modelling to enhance its prediction. ANN then learns the relationship between those inputs and the loyalty in real time as any additional observation recorded in. Based on trained ANN, prediction of customer loyalty based on input factors could be done. A case study was conducted at a Hotel by asking 130 customers. SEM inputs includes tangibles, facility, and staff attitudes, while loyalty scores become output. Combination of SEM-ANN has successfully predicted the customer loyalty and brought up chances for improvement strategies.
Development and usability evaluation of virtual guide using augmented reality for Candi Gunung Gangsir in East Java
Authors: Ronyastra I M , Hapsari I , Pani F P
Published: December 2019

Despite being one of Indonesian cultural and historical heritage, Candi Gunung Gangsir failed to attract many visitors especially from the younger generations. Lack of attraction and supporting facilities in the vicinity is one of the reasons. This research aims to develop an interactive virtual guide enabled by augmented reality that will increase the attractiveness of the object. The methods used in this research are product design and development steps with consideration of human computer interaction, and usability. Primary data of customer needs are collected on and off site through questionnaires and interviews. Customer needs are then used to generate several product concepts to choose 1 final concept from through concept selection methods. Literature review and interviews are conducted to create an accurate story line for the virtual guide. The chosen concept is then developed to become a final application which also tested against the customer needs through a survey method. The result of this research is an offline Android-based augmented reality application to scan the 17 markers to show a3-D virtual guide character on the marker and inform the visitor about history of that particular spot. The usability testing was conducted to 20 respondents and revealed that the application can attract them to visit Candi Gunung Gangsir.
Fluazinam Potential as a Fungicide in Liquid Culture System for the Growth of Haematococcus pluvialis Microalgae
Authors: Witono J R , Novianty V , Santoso H , Miryanti A , Kumalaputri A J
Published: December 2019

All across biological system, fungal infection in freshwater systems is well known to obstruct the aquatic biomass population such as microalgae. However, there is a lack of extensive information on the suitable technique to control them. This research aims to assess the effects of the fungicide fluazinam as a single dose treatment on the Haematococcus pluvialis growth rate and the presence of chytrids fungus in a liquid culture system. The variables used in this experiment were the concentration of fluazinam given to the culture (i.e. 0.25; 0.5; 0.75; 1; 1.25 ppm) as a single dose treatment. The growth performance of H. pluvialis was observed in 6 days consecutively based on the cell density by a single direct absorbance measurement and the cell counting by haemocytometer. The best growth was achieved in a culture system which was given fluazinam at a concentration of 0.5 ppm (started from 1.0 x 105 cells/mL to 5.5 x 105 cells mL−1 on the 5th day) and no chytrids fungus are found in the culture system either. So, in conclusion, the use of fluazinam is a promising treatment for removing contaminants that inhibit H. pluvialis growth.
The kinetics oxidative degradation of chitosan in formic acid with the presence of hydrogen peroxide
Authors: Purwanto E , Connor J , Ngothai Y
Published: December 2019

The chitosan degradation in formic acid solution with the presence of hydrogen peroxide was investigated in this work. Temperature and reaction time had a significant effect on reducing the molecular weight of chitosan, and it is clear that it decreased the molecular weight faster at the first 15 minutes of reaction time. Therefore, the molar concentration of chitosan in the solution increased with temperature and reaction time. The reaction order was determined from the molar changes of chitosan on reaction time and found followed -0.1 reaction order to the molar concentration of chitosan. The Arrhenius equation was used to study the correspondence influence of reaction temperature on the degradation reaction rate constant. The results suggest that the values of degradation rate constant increased with higher reaction temperature. The value of activation energy was determined under the experimental operating conditions examined to be 99.8 kJ/mol. The FT-IR spectra demonstrated that there was no change in the chemical structure of chitosan before and after the degradation reaction.
Drying of celery leaves (Apium graveolens L.) using a PV/T solar dryer
Authors: Sapei L , Tarigan E , Sugiarto D N , Gianluca D
Published: December 2019

Celery (Avium graveolens L.) has been naturally used to treat hypertension and cancer. Fresh celery contains a high water content of approximately ±86% which may lower the quality upon storage for a long time. Drying was applied to reduce moisture content in order to prolong the shelf-life. Drying of celery was carried out using a self-designed photovoltaic-thermal (PV/T) solar dryer as well as conventional dryers such as oven and vacuum oven for the comparisons at an approximate temperature of 49°C. The PV/T solar dryer was able to simultaneously convert the solar energy into thermal and electrical energy. The electrical energy was in turn used to drive the blowers to create a forced convective flow of heat transfer. Drying in the PV/T solar dryer was carried out in 3 different weather conditions while 3 different pressures (10; 40; 70 kPa) were tested during drying in the vacuum oven. The PV/T solar dryers demonstrated the best results in terms of constant drying rate (0.986 kg H2O/min.m2) and drying time (87 minutes). Total chlorophyll content retained was 5.42 mg/L. The PV/T solar dryer seemed promising to be further developed for an efficient drying process since it required low energy consumption while using the costless renewable solar energy.
Utilization of rice straw and used paper for the recycle papermaking
Authors: Suseno N , Adiarto T , Sifra M , Elvira V
Published: December 2019

Rice Straw is one of the most important materials that has been used for pulp and paper production due to its abundance and cost-effectiveness. However, the pulping and papermaking characteristics of the mixture of rice straw and used paper have rarely been investigated. In this experiment, delignified rice straw was mixed with used paper in order to make recycle papers with acceptable properties. Soda pulping process was carried out to remove out of lignin. The delignification was designed to measure the effects in terms of sodium hydroxide concentration and temperature, on the cellulose and lignin content of rice straw, and its tensile strength and water absorption. The mass ratio of used paper and rice straw was varied and its physical properties was observed and compared to paper from natural rice straw. The delignification was conducted using NaOH concentrations (4-10% w/w) and temperatures (60-90°C) for 1 hour. The ratio of rice straw to used paper was varied (1:1-1:9). An optimum condition was obtained from rice straw delignification at NaOH concentration of 8% and temperature of 90°C. The results of the optimum condition obtained the highest amount of cellulose content and tensile strength while having the lowest amount of lignin content and water absorption.
The Influence of water and catalyst leach process toward propane oxidation on MoVTeNb catalyst
Authors: Widi R K
Published: December 2019

The effect of the water stream to the propane oxidation on diluted MoVTeNb catalyst has been investigated. The present work has elucidated that careful operation of high throughput instrumentation can be used in various beneficial ways to speed up the discovery process of improved catalysts in other forms than enabling efficient trial-and-error testing of compositional variations of a given catalyst system. The result shows that the addition of massive amounts of water to the feed should have a negative influence on the kinetics, as water will compete with all other polar molecules in the system for adsorption sites. This work also investigated the effect of catalyst leach process toward propane oxidation. From the result, it can be described that catalyst leach process tends to reduce the phase of the catalyst that responds to the total oxidation of propane. This work also proposed the reaction network and gave the comparison between the propane oxidation reaction kinetic using leached and un-leached catalyst. The result showed that the activation energy of the acrylic acid formation on the leached catalyst was slightly higher than that of on un-leached catalyst. On the other hand, the activation energy of the carbon dioxide formation on the leached catalyst was much higher than that of on un-leached catalyst. It can be described that the leaching process to the catalyst can reduce the phase of the catalyst responsible for the total oxidation of propane.
Anchored instruction ITS: a novel approach to make learning programming interesting and effective
Authors: Hartanto B , Reye J
Published: December 2019

Learning programming is known to be troublesome to the students in the computer science department. The problem is originated in the students’ inability to understand the logic in developing the program. Many teachers advise the students to practice writing the program to improve the students’ skill. However, many students do not enthusiastically follow this advice due to the unattractive activity in writing the program as well as the lack of help when they have problems in writing the program. In this research, we proposed a system that increases the attractiveness of the program development activity and is able to provide help when the students have problems in it. These goals were performed by integrating an anchored instruction in an Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS). The attractiveness of the anchored instruction and the effectiveness of the Intelligent Tutoring System were analysed using a pre- and post-test, and a survey. From the tests and the survey, we found that the anchored instruction can increase the students’ interest in practicing programming; the Intelligent Tutoring System could help the students in writing the program and improve their knowledge in programming (24.67% improvement). The research showed that anchored instruction Intelligent Tutoring System can be used as an alternative approach to make learning programming interesting and effective.
The evaluation of academic website using eye tracker and UEQ: a case study in a website of xyz
Authors: Kusumo A H , Hartono M
Published: December 2019

The current study evaluated the academic website using eye tracking and User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ). A total of 46 participants had been recruited for this study but then the data were reduced to 33 participants due to random response errors of an item in UEQ followed by reducing in eye tracker’s data. Eye tracker had a gaze plot (scan path) data and task completion time as time to first view area of interest (AOI) where these data were used to evaluate important gaze plot and whether the provision of information in website had been clearly done. The gaze plot gave insight where important link, information and picture should be put in the website. Furthermore, Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney U test were also applied to see the difference between each task which were used to improve sub menu’s name. At the same time, UEQ data showed that only novelty should be improved to be more creative, inventive, leading edge and innovative. Thus, this recommendation provides more input in designing website for academic use.
Computer vision system in measurement of the volume and mass of egg using the disc method
Authors: Widiasri M , Santoso L P , Siswantoro J
Published: December 2019

One important process in egg production is the sorting process to determine the grade of the egg. The volume and mass of the egg are the factors needed in this sorting process. But the conventional way to measure egg volume and mass can damage egg and takes a long time. This paper proposes a Computer Vision System (CVS) to measure egg volume and mass quickly, accurately, precisely without damaging the egg. The disc method is a method used to calculate the volume of an object with a circular cross-section such as an egg. CVS was designed to calculate the volume using the disc method and calculate the egg mass using density and regression models, based on images captured in real-time or images that have been captured previously. The validation process is carried out using 50 egg samples by comparing results from the proposed method with manual measurements. To compare the time needed by CVS and manual measurement, an average test was used. To test the output accuracy of the volume and mass of egg, relative absolute error, ANOVA test, and correlation test were used. Whereas to test the output precision, the coefficient of variation was used. Based on the results of the testing conducted, CVS in the proposed method successfully measuring the volume and mass of egg quickly, accurately, precisely, without damaging the egg.
Effects of vacuum conditions on activation of high-alumina fly ash roasted using conventional and microwave heating
Authors: Kou Luyao , Zhou Junwen , Yang Li , Hu Tu , Zhou Baocheng
Published: December 2019

In this study, Na2CO3 was used as activator to roast and activate high-alumina fly ash (HAFA), and the vacuum roasting technology was used to enhance the activation process of HAFA. The effects of the vacuum conditions on the activation of HAFA roasted using conventional and microwave heating were investigated. It was determined that the reaction time was shortened and the activation effect of HAFA was improved under vacuum conditions; however, the effect of the vacuum conditions on the roasting temperature was negligible. The activation process of HAFA-Na2CO3 mixtures (HAFA/Na2CO3 mass ratio of 1:1) was promoted by conducting conventional and microwave heating experiments under vacuum (−0.04 MPa). The leaching rate of aluminium of 93.00% was reached at the roasting temperature of 900 °C after only 20 min when the HAFA-Na2CO3 mixture was subjected to conventional heating under vacuum, and after 60 min when conventional heating occurred under normal atmospheric pressure. Moreover, the leaching rate of aluminium of 96.00% was reached at the roasting temperature of 700 °C after only 20 min when the HAFA-Na2CO3 mixture underwent microwave heating under vacuum, and after 30 min when microwave heating occurred under normal atmospheric pressure.
Investigation of catalytic and fuel additive applications of copper/copper(I) oxide/copper(II) oxide (Cu/CuO/Cu2O) microspheres synthesized by hydrothermal method using sucrose as template
Authors: Khan Shanza Rauf , Kanwal Saira , Hashaam Muhammad , Jamil Saba , Ullah Burhan , Janjua Muhammad Ramzan Saeed Ashraf
Published: December 2019

Role of sucrose in sequential reduction of copper (II) ions is investigated. Copper/copper(I) oxide/copper(II) oxide (Cu/CuO/Cu2O) microspheres are synthesized via hydrothermal method using sucrose as template. Size of microparticles lies in 9–16 μm range. Formation mechanism of spherical architecture is also proposed. Synthesized spheres are used in two major applications: (i) catalyst for degradation of methyl red (MR) and methyl blue (MB) (ii) fuel additive in commercial diesel. The rate constant of degradation of both dyes (MB and MR) is not found equal under similar conditions. Results indicated that increased concentrations of microparticles in diesel significantly affect properties.
Analysis of thermo-elastic and physical properties of recycled 2017 Aluminium Alloy/Gp composites: thermal management application
Authors: Bhouri Mariem , Mzali Foued
Published: December 2019

This paper investigates the use of graphite in 2017 Aluminium matrix composite for thermal management systems by analyzing their thermo-elastic behavior. The composite samples were prepared with different graphite contents using powder metallurgy method based on recycled 2017 Aluminium alloy powder. The distribution of graphite particles in the 2017 Aluminium alloy matrix was investigated by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Sintered densities of the composite samples were examined by a gravimetric method and it is noticed that in the fact of increasing the graphite content decreases the densification of composites which is confirmed by SEM analysis. Thereafter, the obtained samples were analyzed by dilatometry through measuring the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), which showed a decrease with the addition of graphite.
Solitary wave solutions in plasma physics and acoustic gravity waves of some nonlinear evolution equations through enhanced MSE method
Authors: Islam Md Shafiqul , Roshid Md Mamunur , Rahman A K M Lutfor , Akbar M Ali
Published: December 2019

In this work, we probe the Gardner equation and the modified Benjamin-Bona-Mahony (mBBM) equation associated with plasma physics, acoustic-gravity waves in fluid mechanics, hydro-magnetic waves in cold plasma etc Exact wave solutions to the mentioned equations are studied analytically by the enhanced modified simple equation (EMSE) method. The solitary wave solutions are determined including free parameters. Setting definite values of the unknown parameters yield useful and stable solitary wave solutions. We have depicted some 3D and 2D graphs of the obtained solutions to comprehend the physical structure of the tangible events.