bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Cognitive-Emotional Model to Explain Message Framing Effects: Reducing Meat Consumption
Authors: Carfora Valentina , Pastore Massimiliano , Catellani Patrizia
Published: March 2021

We tested the plausibility of a cognitive-emotional model to understand the effects of messages framed in terms of gain, non-loss, non-gain, and loss, and related to the health consequences of red/processed meat consumption. A total of 544 Italian participants reported their attitude toward reduced red/processed meat consumption and intention to eat red/processed meat (time 1 questionnaire). One week later, participants were randomly assigned to four different message conditions: (a) gain messages focused on the positive health outcomes associated with low meat consumption; (b) non-loss messages focused on the avoided negative health outcomes associated with low meat consumption; (c) non-gain messages focused on the missed positive health outcomes associated with high meat consumption; (d) loss messages focused on the negative health outcomes associated with high meat consumption (message sending). After reading the messages, participants answered a series of questions regarding their emotional and cognitive reactions to the messages, their evaluation of the messages, and again their attitude and intention toward red/processed meat consumption (time 2 questionnaire). Comparing different multivariate linear models under the Bayesian approach, we selected the model with the highest plausibility conditioned to observed data. In this model, message-induced fear influenced systematic processing, which in turn positively influenced message evaluation and attitude, leading to reduced intention to consume red/processed meat. Vice versa, message-induced anger reduced systematic processing, which in turn negatively influenced message evaluation, and led to no effect on attitude and intention. The comparison among message conditions showed that gain and non-loss messages activated integrated emotional and cognitive processing of the health recommendation, while loss and non-gain messages mainly activated emotional shortcuts toward attitude and intention. Overall, these results advance our comprehension of the effects of message framing on receivers' attitudes and intentions.
Use of Knowledge Transfer Theory to Improve Learning Outcomes of Cognitive and Non-cognitive Skills of University Students: Evidence From Taiwan
Authors: Peng Michael Yao-Ping , Feng Yongjun , Zhao Xue , Chong WeiLoong
Published: March 2021

Previous studies have explored a multitude of factors influencing student learning outcomes based on various theories. Knowledge transfer theory was adopted to develop the antecedents of student learning outcomes in the complete learning process. This study aims to explore the conspicuousness between various factors within the structural model, such as knowledge transfer, student orientation, and absorptive capacity, by combining marketing and management concepts with higher education studies. This study takes Taiwanese University students as its research samples, and purposive sampling is adopted. A total of 873 questionnaires are collected in this study. PLS-SEM was used to verify the structural relationship in data analysis via running of SmartPLS. The results indicate that knowledge transfer and student orientation have significant impacts on students' absorptive capacity and learning outcomes and that students' prior knowledge has a positive moderating effect on the relationship between knowledge transfer and absorptive capacities. Based on these findings, the researchers propose feasible suggestions for related issues and future research.
A Qualitative Exploration of Chinese Self-Love
Authors: Xue Li Ming , Huang Xi Ting , Wu Na , Yue Tong
Published: March 2021

Although self-love is an important topic, it has not been viewed as appropriate for psychological research, especially in China. We conducted two studies to understand how Chinese people view self-love. In the first study, we surveyed 109 Chinese people about the dimensions of self-love using an open-ended questionnaire. In the second study, 18 participants were selected by means of intensity sampling and interviewed about the connotations and structure of Chinese self-love. The two studies revealed three important aspects of the Chinese understanding of self-love: (1) self-love has four dimensions: self, family, others, and society; (2) it comprises five components: self-cherishing, self-acceptance, self-restraint, self-responsibility, and self-persistence; and (3) the five components of self-love are linked together to form a stable personality structure. The reliability and validity of the two studies were strong. Finally, the results showed that Chinese self-love is dominated by Confucian culture, which provides guiding principles for how to be human. At the same time, it shows that there are differences in the understanding of self-love between Chinese and Western cultures, which provides an empirical basis for further research based on cross-cultural psychology and self-love psychology.
Quality of Mother-Child Interaction Before, During, and After Smartphone Use
Authors: Konrad Carolin , Hillmann Mona , Rispler Janine , Niehaus Luisa , Neuhoff Lina , Barr Rachel
Published: March 2021

Studies have demonstrated that parents often exhibit a still face while silently reading their cell phones when responding to texts. Such disruptions to parent-child interactions have been observed during parental media use such as texting and these disruptions have been termed technoference. In the present study, we explored changes to mother-child interactions that occur before, during and after interruptions due to texting using an adapted naturalistic still face paradigm. Specifically, we examined the effect of an interruption due to either maternal smartphone use or use of an analog medium on maternal interaction quality with their 20- to 22-month-old children. Mother-child interactions during free play were interrupted for 2 min by asking the mothers to fill out a questionnaire either (a) by typing on the smartphone (smartphone group) or (b) on paper with a pen (paper-pencil group). Interactional quality was compared between free-play and interruption phases and to a no-interruption control group. Mixed ANOVA across phase and condition indicated that maternal responsiveness and pedagogical behavior decreased during the interruption phase for both the interruption groups (smartphone and paper-and-pencil) but not for the no-interruption group. Children also increased their positive bids for attention during the paper-and-pencil and the smartphone conditions relative to the no-interruption control. These findings are consistent with a large body of research on the still-face paradigm and with a recent study demonstrating that smartphone interruptions decreased parenting quality. The present study, however, connects these lines of research showing the many everyday disruptions to parent-child interactions are likely to decrease parenting quality and that toddlers are likely to detect and attempt to repair such interruptions.
Different Dimensions of Affective Processing in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Multi-Center Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Berens Sabrina , Schaefert Rainer , Ehrenthal Johannes C. , Baumeister David , Eich Wolfgang , Tesarz Jonas
Published: March 2021

Objective: Deficits in affective processing are associated with impairments in both mental and physical health. The role of affective processing in patients with functional somatic complaints such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) remains unclear. Most studies have focused on the capacity for emotional awareness and expression, but neglect other dimensions of affective processing. Therefore, this study aimed to systematically analyze differences in six different dimensions of affective processing between patients with IBS and healthy controls (HCs). Additionally, we exploratively investigated the impact of IBS symptom severity, psychological distress, and attachment styles on affective processing in IBS.

Methods: A controlled cross-sectional multi-center study was conducted. Overall, 127 patients with IBS were compared with 127 matched HCs using multivariate analysis of variances. Affective processing was operationalized in line with the affect cascade model on six specific dimensions: emotional experience, emotional awareness, affect tolerance, affect differentiation, affect regulation, and emotional communication. They were measured using two subscales of the Mentalizing Questionnaire (MZQ) and four subscales of the Operationalized Psychodynamic Diagnosis–Structure Questionnaire (OPD-SQ). Linear regression analysis was used to investigate the influence of IBS symptom severity (IBS-Severity Scoring System, IBS-SSS), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire, PHQ-9), anxiety (General Anxiety Disorder, GAD-7), and anxious and avoidant attachment styles (Experiences in Close Relationships Scale, ECR-RD12) on the different dimensions of affective processing in IBS.

Results: Patients with IBS compared to HCs showed deficits in all six dimensions of affective processing. Deficits were largest for affect tolerance (d = 0.849) and lowest for emotional experience (d = 0.222) and emotional awareness (d = 0.420). Moderate effect sizes were found for affect differentiation (d = 0.773), emotional communication (d = 0.665), and affect regulation (d = 0.552). Moreover, explorative analyses indicated that affective processing in patients with IBS was significantly influenced by levels of anxiety and insecure attachment.

Conclusion: The results indicate a specific pattern of affective processing abilities in patients with IBS. The deficits in affective processing are more prominent in the area of understanding and tolerating difficult affective states than experiencing affective states. This opens interesting perspectives for the development of specific psychotherapeutic interventions.

Clinical Trial Registration: DRKS00011685.
A Self-Applied Multi-Component Psychological Online Intervention Based on UX, for the Prevention of Complicated Grief Disorder in the Mexican Population During the COVID-19 Outbreak: Protocol of a Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Dominguez-Rodriguez Alejandro , Martínez-Luna Sofia Cristina , Hernández Jiménez María Jesús , De La Rosa-Gómez Anabel , Arenas-Landgrave Paulina , Esquivel Santoveña Esteban Eugenio , Arzola-Sánchez Carlos , Alvarez Silva Joabián , Solis Nicolas Arantza Mariel , Colmenero Guadián Ana Marisa , Ramírez-Martínez Flor Rocio , Vargas Rosa Olimpia Castellanos
Published: March 2021

Background: COVID-19 has taken many lives worldwide and due to this, millions of persons are in grief. When the grief process lasts longer than 6 months, the person is in risk of developing Complicated Grief Disorder (CGD). The CGD is related to serious health consequences. To reduce the probability of developing CGD a preventive intervention could be applied. In developing countries like Mexico, the psychological services are scarce, self-applied interventions could provide support to solve this problem and reduce the health impact even after the pandemic has already finished.

Aims: To design and implement a self-applied intervention composed of 12 modules focused on the decrease of the risk of developing CGD, and increasing the life quality, and as a secondary objective to reduce the symptomatology of anxiety, depression, and increase of sleep quality. The Intervention Duelo COVID (Grief COVID) follows the principles of User Experience (UX) and is designed according to the needs and desires of a sample of the objective participants, to increase the adherence to the self-applied intervention, considered one of the main weaknesses of online interventions.

Methods: A Randomized Controlled Trial will be conducted from the 22nd of December of 2020 to the first of June 2021. The participants will be assigned to an intervention with elements of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Mindfulness and Positive Psychology. The control group will be a wait-list condition, that will receive the intervention 1.5–2 months after the pre-measurement were taken. The Power Size Calculation conducted through G*Power indicated the need for a total of 42 participants, which will be divided by 21 participants in each group. The platform will be delivered through responsive design assuring with this that the intervention will adapt to the screen size of cellphones, tablets, and computers.

Ethics and Dissemination: The study counts with the approval of the Research Ethics Committee of the Autonomous University of Ciudad Juárez, México, and it is registered in Clinical Trials (NCT04638842). The article is sent and registered in clinical trials before the recruitment started. The results will be reported in future conferences, scientific publications, and media.
Impairment of Executive Functions Associated With Lower D-Serine Serum Levels in Patients With Schizophrenia
Authors: Hons Jaromir , Zirko Rastislav , Vasatova Martina , Doubek Pavel , Klimova Blanka , Masopust Jiri , Valis Martin , Kuca Kamil
Published: March 2021

A core symptom that is frequently linked with dysregulation of glutamatergic neurotransmission in regard to schizophrenia is impairment or damage of executive functioning as a component of cognitive deficiency. The amino acid D-serine plays the role of an endogenous coagonist at the glutamatergicN-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor glycine modulatory site. Considerably reduced serum levels of D-serine were found in patients suffering from schizophrenia compared with healthy control participants. An increase in D-serine led to augmented cognitive functionality in patients suffering from schizophrenia who were undergoing clinical trials and given the treatment of first- and second-generation antipsychotics. The study proposed the hypothesis that the D-serine blood serum levels may be linked with the extent of executive functionality in those suffering from the mental illness in question. For the purpose of examining executive function in such patients, the Rey–Osterrieth Complex Figure, Trail Making, and Wisconsin Card Sorting tests were applied (n= 50). High-performance liquid chromatography was used to gauge the total serine and D-serine levels. The extent of damage was examined through neuropsychological tests and was found to be considerably linked to D-serine serum level and the D-serine/total serine ratio (p< 0.05) in the sample being considered. A lower average serum level of D-serine and lower D-serine/total serine ratio were observed in participants with the worst performance compared with those displaying the best performance—this was true when the patients were split into quartile groups based on their results (p< 0.05). The findings of modified D-serine serum levels and the D-serine/total serine ratio linked to the extent of damage in executive functioning indicate that serine metabolism that is coresponsible for NMDA receptor dysfunction has been changed.
Factors Related to Suicide Attempts: The Roles of Childhood Abuse and Spirituality
Authors: Tae Hyejin , Chae Jeong-Ho
Published: March 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this article was to identify independent factors associated with suicide attempts in patients with depression and/or anxiety.

Background and Aims: This study was conducted in order to examine whether risk and protective psychological factors influence the risk of suicide attempts among outpatients with anxiety and/or depressive disorders. In this regard, explanatory models have been reported to detect high-risk groups for suicide attempt. We also examined whether identified factors serve as mediators on suicide attempts.

Materials and Methods: Patients from 18 to 65 years old from an outpatient clinic at Seoul St. Mary's Hospital were invited to join clinical studies. From September 2010 to November 2017, a total of 737 participants were included in the final sample. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual Well-being Scale (FACIT-Sp-12), and Functional Social Support Questionnaire (FSSQ) were used to assess psychiatric symptoms. An independent samples t-test, a chi-square test, hierarchical multiple regression analyses, and the Baron and Kenny's procedures were performed in order to analyze data.

Results: Young age, childhood history of emotional and sexual abuse, depression, and a low level of spirituality were significant independent factors for increased suicide attempts. Depression was reported to mediate the relationship between childhood emotional and sexual abuse, spirituality, and suicide attempts.

Conclusions: Identifying the factors that significantly affect suicidality may be important for establishing effective plans of suicide prevention. Strategic assessments and interventions aimed at decreasing depression and supporting spirituality may be valuable for suicide prevention.
Psychotic-Like Experiences: A Challenge in Definition and Assessment
Authors: Hinterbuchinger Barbara , Mossaheb Nilufar
Published: March 2021

Assuming a continuum between psychotic experiences and psychotic symptoms aligned between healthy individuals and patients with non-psychotic and psychotic disorders, recent research has focused on subclinical psychotic experiences. The wide variety of definitions, assessment tools, and concepts of psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) might contribute to the mixed findings concerning prevalence and persistence rates and clinical impact. In this narrative review, we address the panoply of terminology, definitions, and assessment tools of PLEs and associated concerns with this multitude. Moreover, the ambiguous results of previous studies regarding the clinical relevance of PLEs are described. In conclusion, we address clinical implications and highly suggest conceptual clarity and consensus concerning the terminology and definition of PLEs. The development of an agreed upon use of a “gold standard” assessment tool seems essential for more comparable findings in future research.
High Rejection Sensitivity in Patients With Somatoform Pain Disorder
Authors: Nacak Yeliz , Morawa Eva , Erim Yesim
Published: March 2021

Objective: Rejection sensitivity (RS) is often associated with mental disorders but as yet has not been investigated in patients with somatoform pain disorder (SPD). The aim of the study was to explore the degree of RS in patients with SPD compared to healthy controls. In addition, we examined factors associated with RS and the moderator effect of SPD.

Methods: A total of 65 patients with SPD (confirmed by Structured Clinical Interview, SCID-I) and 65 age- and gender-matched healthy controls participated. Rejection Sensitivity Questionnaire (RSQ), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9, PHQ-15), Relationship Scale (ReSQ), Essen Trauma Inventory (ETI) and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) were applied. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed.

Results: The level of RS was significantly higher in patients with SPD compared to healthy controls (M = 10.30, SD = 5.64; M = 6.13, SD = 2.50; p < 0.001; d = 0.95). Higher levels of depressive symptoms (p < 0.001), childhood adversities (p < 0.001) and the insecure attachment style (p = 0.007) were related to higher levels of RS. No significant moderation effect was detected.

Conclusions: Patients with SPD are highly sensitive to social rejection. In addition, insecure attachment styles as well as depressive symptoms and childhood adversities are strongly associated with RS. Further studies are needed to figure out how RS is connected to SPD over lifetime.
Descending and Ascending Signals That Maintain Rhythmic Walking Pattern in Crickets
Authors: Naniwa Keisuke , Aonuma Hitoshi
Published: March 2021

The cricket is one of the model animals used to investigate the neuronal mechanisms underlying adaptive locomotion. An intact cricket walks mostly with a tripod gait, similar to other insects. The motor control center of the leg movements is located in the thoracic ganglia. In this study, we investigated the walking gait patterns of the crickets whose ventral nerve cords were surgically cut to gain an understanding of how the descending signals from the head ganglia and ascending signals from the abdominal nervous system into the thoracic ganglia mediate the initiation and coordination of the walking gait pattern. Crickets whose paired connectives between the brain and subesophageal ganglion (SEG) (circumesophageal connectives) were cut exhibited a tripod gait pattern. However, when one side of the circumesophageal connectives was cut, the crickets continued to turn in the opposite direction to the connective cut. Crickets whose paired connectives between the SEG and prothoracic ganglion were cut did not walk, whereas the crickets exhibited an ordinal tripod gait pattern when one side of the connectives was intact. Crickets whose paired connectives between the metathoracic ganglion and abdominal ganglia were cut initiated walking, although the gait was not a coordinated tripod pattern, whereas the crickets exhibited a tripod gait when one side of the connectives was intact. These results suggest that the brain plays an inhibitory role in initiating leg movements and that both the descending signals from the head ganglia and the ascending signals from the abdominal nervous system are important in initiating and coordinating insect walking gait patterns.
COVID-19 Lockdown Disruptions on Water Resources, Wastewater, and Agriculture in India
Authors: Balamurugan M. , Kasiviswanathan K. S. , Ilampooranan Idhayachandhiran , Soundharajan B.-S.
Published: March 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted daily activities across multiple sectors globally. The extent of its impact on the global economy and its key sectors, especially water, wastewater, and associated sectors such as agriculture, is still unclear. In this paper, the preliminary impacts of COVID-19 on water resources of India, especially on the river water quality, water usage in domestic and commercial sectors, wastewater treatment sector, and agriculture sector, are discussed. The limitations in the functioning of the existing system and management of water resources are identified. The need for improvements to strengthen the water resources monitoring and developing process-based models are highlighted. This paper also discusses the need for further investigation to identify the extent of impact and contributing factors to improve our understanding of the natural system for preparing, monitoring, and implementing the policies to manage the water resources during any pandemic/epidemics in the future.
Mingantu Spectral Radioheliograph for Solar and Space Weather Studies
Authors: Yan Yihua , Chen Zhijun , Wang Wei , Liu Fei , Geng Lihong , Chen Linjie , Tan Chengming , Chen Xingyao , Su Cang , Tan Baolin
Published: March 2021

The Chinese Spectral Radioheliograph (CSRH) covering 400 MHz-15 GHz frequency range was constructed during 2009–2016 in Mingantu Observing Station, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences at Zhengxiangbaiqi, Inner Mongolia of China. The CSRH is renamed as MingantU SpEctral Radioheliograph (MUSER) after its accomplishment. Currently, MUSER consists of two arrays spreading over three spiral-shaped arms. The maximum baseline length is ∼3 km in both east-west and north-south directions. The MUSER array configuration is optimized to meet the needs of observing the full-disk Sun over ultrawide wavebands with images of high temporal, spatial and spectral resolutions and high dynamic range. The low frequency array, called MUSER-I, covers 400 MHz-2.0 GHz with 40 antennas of 4.5-m-diameter each and the high frequency array, called MUSER-II, covers 2–15 GHz with 60 antennas of 2-m-diameter each. The MUSER-I can obtain full-disk solar radio images in 64 frequency channels with a time cadence of 25 ms and a spatial resolution of 51.6″ to 10.3″ (corresponding to the frequency range 400 MHz to 2 GHz), whereas the MUSER-II can obtain full-disk solar images in 520 channels with a time cadence of 206.25 ms and a spatial resolution of 10.3″ to 1.3 (corresponding to the frequency range 2 to 15 GHz). A dynamic range of 25 dB can be obtained with snapshot images produced with the MUSER. An extension of MUSER in the further lower frequency range covering 30–400 MHz with an array of 224 logarithm-periodic dipole antennas (LPDAs) has been approved and will be completed during the next 4 years. The MUSER, as a dedicated solar instrument, has the following advantages providing simultaneous images over a wide frequency range with a unique high temporal-spatial-spectral resolutions; high-performing ultrawide-band dual-polarization feeds for wide-band signal collection; advanced high data-rate, large-scale digital correlation receiver for multiple-frequency and faster snapshot observations; and applications of new technologies such as using optical fiber to obtain remote antenna and wide-band analog signal transmission. The MUSER thus provides a unique opportunity to measure solar magnetic fields and trace dynamic evolution of energetic electrons in several radio frequencies, which, in turn, will help to have better understandings of the origin of various solar activities and the basic drivers of space weather.
A Goal Scoring Probability Model for Shots Based on Synchronized Positional and Event Data in Football (Soccer)
Authors: Anzer Gabriel , Bauer Pascal
Published: March 2021

Due to the low scoring nature of football (soccer), shots are often used as a proxy to evaluate team and player performances. However, not all shots are created equally and their quality differs significantly depending on the situation. The aim of this study is to objectively quantify the quality of any given shot by introducing a so-called expected goals (xG) model. This model is validated statistically and with professional match analysts. The best performing model uses an extreme gradient boosting algorithm and is based on hand-crafted features from synchronized positional and event data of 105, 627 shots in the German Bundesliga. With a ranked probability score (RPS) of 0.197, it is more accurate than any previously published expected goals model. This approach allows us to assess team and player performances far more accurately than is possible with traditional metrics by focusing on process rather than results.
Surgeon Knowledge of the Pulmonary Arterial System and Surgical Plan Confidence Is Improved by Interactive Virtual 3D-CT Models of Lung Cancer Patient Anatomies
Authors: Bhakhri Kunal , Hyde Eoin R. , Mak Sze M. , Berger Lorenz U. , Ourselin Sebastien , Routledge Tom , Billè Andrea
Published: March 2021

Objective: Interactive three-dimensional virtual models of pulmonary structures (3D-CT) may improve the safety and accuracy of robotic-assisted thoracic surgery (RATS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of 3D-CT models as an imaging adjunct on surgical confidence and anatomical assessment for lobectomy planning.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the response of 10 specialist thoracic surgeons who each reviewed 10 pre-operative images of patients undergoing robotic-assisted lobectomy lung cancer cases from June to November 2018 in our institute, resulting in 100 data points. The number of arteries, veins, and bronchi entering the resected lobes were determined from the operation video recording by the operating surgeon. 3D-CT models were generated for each case and made available for online visualization and manipulation. Thoracic surgeons were invited to participate in the survey which consisted of evaluation of CT (control) and 3D-CT (intervention) models. A questionnaire regarding anatomical structures, surgical approach, and confidence was administered.

Results: Ten participants were recruited. 3D-CT models led to a significant (p < 0.003) increase in the surgeons' ability to correctly identifying pulmonary arteries entering the resection lobes in 35% (CT) and 57% (3D-CT) of cases. A significant (p < 1e-13) improvement in anatomy assessment and surgical plan confidence was observed for the 3D-CT arm, with median Likert scale scores of “2–Slightly easy” (CT) and “4–Very easy” (3D-CT).

Conclusion: The use of 3D-CT models for thoracic surgery planning increases the surgeon confidence in recognizing anatomical structures, largely by enhanced appreciation of anatomical variations in the segmental pulmonary arterial system. Further studies are needed to investigate if 3D-CT models can be used in providing precise information about segmental artery distribution and therefore surgical planning of sub-lobar resections.
Are Marbling and the Prediction of Beef Eating Quality Affected by Different Grading Sites?
Authors: Liu Jingjing , Pogorzelski Grzegorz , Neveu Alix , Legrand Isabelle , Pethick David , Ellies-Oury Marie-Pierre , Hocquette Jean-François
Published: March 2021

For the European abattoirs, the preferred carcass grading site is at the fifth rib, and cutting at the tenth rib as in Australia could lead to a lower economic value of the carcass. Therefore, the objective of this study was to compare the grading scores of marbling and the meat and fat color on Musculus longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL) at the fifth and the tenth thoracic vertebrae. The consequences on the prediction of beef eating quality using the Meat Standards Australia (MSA) grading scheme were also evaluated for cull cows, which produce the majority of beef consumed in France. Carcasses from 208 French cattle, mainly Limousine cows, were graded according to the Australian Beef Carcase Chiller Assessment System (ABCAS) used for the implementation of the MSA system. The results indicate that there was no significant difference in the marbling score, between the fifth and the tenth ribs and hence in the MSA index and in the Global Quality [meat quality (MQ4)] scores calculated from marbling values from either the fifth rib or the tenth rib. However, the meat color at the tenth rib was significantly darker than that at the fifth rib (p < 0.01), and the fat color at the tenth rib was significantly yellower than that at the fifth rib (p < 0.001). The results of this study suggest that the grading of marbling can be conducted on M. LTL at the fifth thoracic vertebrae for routine use of the MSA system in France and, more generally, in Europe. However, further investigation and adjustment would be needed for other critical MSA scores (such as rib fat thickness) while respecting the European carcass quartering practices.
Management of Septic Arthritis of the Temporomandibular Joint in Dogs
Authors: Arzi Boaz , Vapniarsky Natalia , Fulton Amy , Verstraete Frank J. M.
Published: March 2021

Septic arthritis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in dogs and other mammals is a rare condition. It is typically associated with notable pain, swelling, and difficulty in opening the mouth. Unlike degenerative TMJ disease, septic arthritis requires urgent intervention. The etiology of the condition may include penetrating trauma, an extension of local infection, such as otitis media, or the hematogenous spread of a pathogen. However, the precise cause may not always be identified. Diagnostic imaging with Computed Tomography (CT), cone-beam CT (CBCT), and/or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) are helpful for honing the definitive diagnosis and formulating a treatment plan. Subsequently, exploratory surgery may be required to obtain samples for culture and sensitivity and histology and to lavage the joint. In this “methods” article, we provide a detailed description of our approach to diagnosis and management of septic TMJ arthritis in four dogs.
Risk and Protective Factors Associated With Support of Violent Radicalization: Variations by Geographic Location
Authors: Ellis B. Heidi , Miller Alisa B. , Sideridis Georgios , Frounfelker Rochelle , Miconi Diana , Abdi Saida , Aw-Osman Farah , Rousseau Cecile
Published: March 2021

Objectives: We examine the association between perceived discrimination, mental health, social support, and support for violent radicalization (VR) in young adults from three locations across two countries: Montréal and Toronto, Canada, and Boston, United States. A secondary goal is to test the moderating role of location.

Methods: A total of 791 young adults between the ages of 18 and 30, drawn from the Somali Youth longitudinal study and a Canada-based study of college students, participated in the study. We used multivariate linear regression to assess the association between scores on the Radical Intentions Scale (RIS) with demographic characteristics, anxiety, depression, social support, and discrimination.

Results: In the full sample, discrimination, age, and gender were associated with RIS scores. When we examined moderation effects by location, RIS scores were associated with depression only in Montréal, and with social support (negatively) and discrimination in Toronto. None of the variables were significant in Boston.

Conclusion: These findings suggest that an understanding of risk and protective factors for support of VR may be context-dependent. Further research should take into consideration local/regional differences.
Identification of a Novel Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition Gene Signature Predicting Survival in Patients With HNSCC
Authors: Xin Wei , Zhao Chaoran , Jiang Longyang , Pei Dongmei , Zhao Lin , Zhang Chengpu
Published: March 2021

Head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide. There have been many reports suggesting that biomarkers explored via database mining plays a critical role in predicting HNSCC prognosis. However, a single biomarker for prognostic analysis is not adequate. Additionally, there is growing evidence indicating that gene signature could be a better choice for HNSCC prognosis. We performed a comprehensive analysis of mRNA expression profiles using clinical information of HNSCC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was performed, and we found that a set of genes involved in epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) contributed to HNSCC. Cox proportional regression model was used to identify a four-gene (WIPF1, PPIB, BASP1, PLOD2) signature that were significantly associated with overall survival (OS), and all the four genes were significantly upregulated in tumor tissues. We successfully classified the patients with HNSCC into high-risk and low-risk groups, where in high-risk indicated poorer patient prognosis, indicating that this gene signature might be a novel potential biomarker for the prognosis of HNSCC. The prognostic ability of the gene signature was further validated in an independent cohort from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. In conclusion, we identified a four-EMT-based gene signature which provides the potentiality to serve as novel independent biomarkers for predicting survival in HNSCC patients, as well as a new possibility for individualized treatment of HNSCC.
Postracionalismo y psicoterapia.
Authors: J. Mahoney Michael
Published: March 2021

El siguiente texto corresponde a una breve nota en la que Michael J. Mahoney reflexiona sobre el sentido del postracionalismo en los contextos de la historia de las ideas y panorama de la psicoterapia contemporánea y sobre varias disertaciones mantenidas con Vittorio Guidano.
Organización de significado personal: una estructura hermenéutica global.
Authors: Quiñones Bergeret Álvaro
Published: March 2021

En este artículo exploro la utilidad de incorporar conceptos de la psicología cultural y técnicas narrativas en la práctica postracionalista. La tesis que guía el desarrollo del presente trabajo, es que el sí mismo es un proceso que es parte esencial de una estructura hermenéutica global llamada organización de significado personal, lo cual nos da un marco emocional e histórico que permite plantear una comprensión e intervención psicoterapéutica aumentando la sintonía con el cliente. Todo el presente artículo parte del supuesto que el postracionalismo es un programa de investigación ontológico de la personalidad.
El constructivismo relacional en la psicoterapia con niños y adolescentes: una propuesta para la liberación de nuevos espacios dialógicos
Authors: Pacheco Meritxel , Botella Lluís
Published: March 2021

En este artículo presentamos nuestra comprensión de la psicoterapia con niños y adolescentes desde el constructivismo relacional, fruto del intento de profundizar y enriquecer el diálogo entre las teorías constructivistas y construccionistas contemporáneas en un contexto cultural posmoderno. Se presentan los diez principios básicos del constructivismo relacional y, mediante la presentación de un caso, se ofrecen algunas implicaciones prácticas para la terapia con niños y adolescentes.
Modelos de mantenimiento de los trastornos de personalidad
Authors: Dimaggio Giancarlo , Carcione Antonio , Semerari Antonio , Marraffa Massimo , Falcone Maurizio , Nicoló Giuseppe , Pontalti Igor , Procacci Michele , Villegas Torras Laia
Published: March 2021

Este artículo se plantea una hipótesis de mantenimiento de los trastornos de personalidad. A fin de comprender el fenómeno de su estabilidad en el tiempo se descomponen en primer lugar en sus dimensiones mentales constitutivas, a saber: estados mentales dominantes; perfil de disfunciones metacognitivas; ciclos interpersonales típicos; modalidades de regulación de las eleciones; modalidades de regulación de la autostima. Se describen posteriormente las formas en que estas variables interactúan entre ellas circuitos de mantenimiento de los síndromes. Finalmente se proponen modelos del trastorno dependiente, narcisista, evitante y paranoide.
Metacognición y trastorno paraonoide de personalidad
Authors: Nicoló Giuseppe , Dimaggio Giancarlo , Semerari Antonio , Carcione Antonio , Villegas Besora Manuel
Published: March 2021

En este trabajo se presenta una reseña de las publicaciones en el ámbito del marco diagnóstico, de la identificación del perfil cognitivo y del tratamiento del trastorno paranoide de personalidad. Se plantea un nuevo modelo psicopatológico del trastorno y del mantenimiento de la patología, identificando los ciclos interpersonales característicos, los esquemas de relación, los estados mentales problemáticos y el perfil metacognitivo. El trastorno paranoide de personalidad se caracteriza por un déficit de descentramiento y diferenciación, y por estados mentales problemáticos con emociones y temas de pensamiento específicos. Los déficits metacognitivos empeoran los estados mentales que influyen circularmente sobre las funciones metacognitivas de los pacientes. Una de las posibilidades para superar esta situación se halla en la propia relación terapéutica. Dicho modelo permite comprender y prever las manifestaciones sintomatológicas de los pacientes, así como desarrollar estrategias de intervención específicas.
La resistencia como problema teórico y práctico
Authors: Wachtel Paul L.
Published: March 2021

La resistencia es uno de los conceptos más problemáticos y potencialmente contraproducente en todo el campo de la psicoterapia. Al mismo tiempo es uno de los más cruciales, que apunta quizás hacia el factor -o más concretamente, conjunto de factores- más decisivos en la determinación del éxito o fracaso del trabajo terapéutico. Basándose en los artículos de Davis y Hollon, Prochaska y Prochaska, y Reid, publicados en este número, así como en la propia perspectiva del autor, este artículo explora esta contradicción aparente con el fin de apuntar hacia una resolución integradora de las diferentes perspectivas relativas a la resistencia y a los fenómenos con ella relacionados.
Psicopatologia evolutiva y psicoterapia constructivista
Authors: Reda Mario , Torres i Aixalà Empar
Published: March 2021

El terapeuta constructivista explora con su paciente los episodios emocionales problemáticos que se hallan en la base de la demanda. Así la psicopatología evolutiva permite el paso de una perspectiva diagnóstica descriptiva a una perspectiva explicativa. El trabajo terapéutico ayuda a conectar los significados atribuidos por el paciente a las sensaciones/emociones experimentadas en diferentes episodios emocionalmente cargados de su desarrollo. El terapeuta ayuda al cliente a identificar aquellas sensaciones que antes resultaban inexplicables, en la medida en que eran vividas confusamente, para integrarlas coherentemente en el propio sentido de identidad. Dichos síntomas se atribuyen a menudo a causas externas: enfermedades somáticas, episodios de vida, etc. En este sentido la terapia permite una ampliación del autoconocimiento.
Historia de una terapia: razones y pormenores de un proceso psicoterapéutico
Authors: Fernández-Álvarez Héctor , Fernández Marcela , Coppo Alejandra
Published: March 2021

Se presenta un ejemplo característico del abordaje terapéutico aplicado en Aiglé, cuyos principios se ajustan a un modelo integrativo articulado en base a una perspectiva cognitivo-social. Se trata de una paciente que en la consulta inicial manifestaba signos agudos de una reacción de ansiedad asociados a componentes disfuncionales en aspectos nucleares de la personalidad. El trabajo sigue el recorrido del proceso gradual de la terapia. La primera etapa, a corto plazo, combinó intervenciones psicológicas focalizadas y psicofarmacológicas. La segunda etapa, a largo plazo, donde se incluyó a la paciente en un grupo terapéutico, estuvo centrada en el tratamiento de su trastorno de personalidad. La secuencia de las viñetas clínicas permite seguir la dinámica y las operaciones del complejo proceso de la terapia grupal, un instrumento particularmente potente en estos casos.
Biochar Chemistry in a Weathered Tropical Soil: Kinetics of Phosphorus Sorption
Authors: Morales Marina Moura , Comerford Nicholas Brian , Behling Maurel , de Abreu Daniel Carneiro , Guerrini Iraê Amaral
Published: March 2021

The phosphorus (P) chemistry of biochar (BC)-amended soils is poorly understood. This statement is based on the lack of published research attempting a comprehensive characterization of biochar’s influence on P sorption. Therefore, this study addressed the kinetic limitations of these processes. This was accomplished using a fast pyrolysis biochar made from a mix of waste materials applied to a highly weathered Latossolo Vermelho distrofico (Oxisol) from São Paulo, Brazil. Standard method (batch method) was used. The sorption kinetic studies indicated that P sorption in both cases, soil (S) and soil-biochar (SBC), had a relatively fast initial reaction between 0 to 5 min. This may have happened because adding biochar to the soil decreased P sorption capacity compared to the mineral soil alone. Presumably, this is a result of: (i) Inorganic phosphorus desorbed from biochar was resorbed onto the mineral soil; (ii) charcoal particles physically covered P sorption locations on soil; or (iii) the pH increased when BC was added SBC and the soil surface became more negatively charged, thus increasing anion repulsion and decreasing P sorption.
Multidimensional Analysis of Diversity in DH Lines and Hybrids of Winter Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.)
Authors: Łopatyńska Agnieszka , Bocianowski Jan , Cyplik Adrian , Wolko Joanna
Published: March 2021

Limited genetic variability is a major problem in rapeseed breeding, whose strict selection, limited geographical range and a short period of domestication has led to a reduction in genetic and phenotypic diversity. Assessing specific populations for the greatest genetic diversity for many traits simultaneously, requires the evaluation of multi-feature characteristics. The aim of this study was to estimate the variability of DH (doubled haploid) lines and two generations of winter oilseed rape hybrids. In addition, the relationship between the Mahalanobis distances of parental forms and the effect of heterosis in hybrids was investigated. The results of MANOVA showed that the genotypes and years as well as genotype × year interaction were significantly different (p < 0.001) for all eight observed traits. The first (V1) and the second (V2) canonical variate explained 38.57% and 27.55% of the total variation in 2015, and 50.19% and 31.84% in 2016, respectively Canonical variate analysis showed that the traits, flowering time and number of branches per plant had a very large influence on the differentiation of genotypes. Graphs demonstrated that the tested DH lines and hybrids are characterized by a similar, wide range of variability. It was observed, that when using a diverse population of DH lines for crossbreeding with only one CMS/Rfo line, there was no significant reduction of variation in hybrid generations and between these generations. The phenotypic distance values determined by the results of Mahalanobis analysis were similar in both years, but slightly wider in 2016. The observed minimum and maximum ranged from 1.324 to 22.356 in 2015, and from 1.105 to 27.792 in 2016, respectively. No significant correlation was observed between the hybrid heterosis effect and the Mahalanobis distance of the parental lines.
Analyzing NPP Response of Different Rangeland Types to Climatic Parameters over Mongolia
Authors: Nanzad Lkhagvadorj , Zhang Jiahua , Batdelger Gantsetseg , Pangali Sharma Til Prasad , Koju Upama Ashish , Wang Jingwen , Nabil Mohsen
Published: March 2021

Global warming threatens ecosystem functions, biodiversity, and rangeland productivity in Mongolia. The study analyzes the spatial and temporal distributions of the Net Primary Production (NPP) and its response to climatic parameters. The study also highlights how various land cover types respond to climatic fluctuations from 2003 to 2018. The Boreal Ecosystem Productivity Simulator (BEPS) model was used to simulate the rangeland NPP of the last 16 years. Satellite remote sensing data products were mainly used as input for the model, where ground-based and MODIS NPP were used to validate the model result. The results indicated that the BEPS model was moderately effective (R2 = 0.59, the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) = 13.22 g C m−2) to estimate NPP for Mongolian rangelands (e.g., grassland and sparse vegetation). The validation results also showed good agreement between the BEPS and MODIS estimates for all vegetation types, including forest, shrubland, and wetland (R2 = 0.65). The annual total NPP of Mongolia showed a slight increment with an annual increase of 0.0007 Pg (0.68 g C per meter square) from 2003 to 2018 (p = 0.82) due to the changes in climatic parameters and land cover change. Likewise, high increments per unit area found in forest NPP, while decreased NPP trend was observed in the shrubland. In conclusion, among the three climatic parameters, temperature was the factor with the largest influence on NPP variations (r = 0.917) followed precipitation (r = 0.825), and net radiation (r = 0.787). Forest and wetland NPP had a low response to precipitation, while inter-annual NPP variation shows grassland, shrubland, and sparse vegetation were highly sensitive rangeland types to climate fluctuations.