bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spaltet die Transformation unsere Gesellschaft?
Authors: Bergmann Knut , Diermeier Matthias
Published: May 2024

Spaltet die Transformation unsere Gesellschaft? Umbruchsprozesse verunsichern mit der Gleichzeitigkeit mit der Digitalisierung, Dekarbonisierung, De-globalisierung und demographische Alterung voranschreiten. In Zeiten zunehmender Zumutungsaversionen erweist sich das Organisieren von politischen Mehrheiten als zunehmend komplex. Bei der Transformationspolitik haben die Regierenden mit schwer erfüllbaren Erwartungen der Bevölkerung zu kämpfen, die zudem teils widersprüchlich sind. Problematisch an den Erwartungshaltungen ist, dass mit dem Hinweis auf eine gespaltene Gesellschaft ein politischer Überbietungswettbewerb gerechtfertigt wird, der wiederum neue Enttäuschungen evozieren kann. Dies ist nicht zuletzt im Zusammenhang mit der AfD von Bedeutung. Umso mehr gelte es, die Transformation klug zu gestalten und entsprechend zu kommunizieren.
Wettbewerbsfähigkeit trotz Transformation: Priorisierung in der Finanzpolitik
Authors: Hentze Tobias
Published: May 2024

Herr Dr. Hentze widmet sich in diesem Beitrag der Frage, inwieweit die öffentlichen Finanzen für die Herausforderung der Transformation nachhaltig aufgestellt sind. Dabei geht er zunächst auf die Investitionsbedarfe der öffentlichen Hand ein und diskutiert im Anschluss, welche Rolle die Schuldenbremse in dem Kontext spielt. Dabei richtet er seinen Blick nicht nur auf den Staat als Ganzes, sondern betrachtet Bund, Länder und Kommunen auch separat. Er kommt zu dem Schluss, dass der Staat aus ökonomischer Sicht über Handlungsspielräume verfügt, die im Sinne einer erfolgreichen Transformation genutzt werden sollten.
Verteilungs- und Sozialpolitik: Ist mehr besser?
Authors: Niehues Judith
Published: May 2024

In Reaktion auf die Pandemie sowie auch auf die Energiepreiskrise hat der (Sozial-)Staat hohe Summen mobilisiert, um die wirtschaftlichen Auswirkungen weit über besonders betroffene und bedürftige Bevölkerungsgruppen hinaus abzufedern. Mit der relativ wie absolut messbaren Ausweitung seiner Sozialleistungen ist der Staat zwar den Präferenzen der Bürger gefolgt, die mehrheitlich für einen weiteren Ausbau des sozialen Netzes votieren. Gleichzeitig hat diese Entwicklung aber nicht dazu beigetragen, dass die sozialen Unterschiede als gerechter empfunden würden. Eine mögliche Erklärung für dieses Paradoxon kann in den widersprüchlichen Forderungen der Bürger liegen: So wünschen sich diese zwar eine geringere Ungleichheit, offenbaren aber gleichzeitig wenig Zustimmung für zielgerichtete Sozialpolitiken, die prekäre Schichten gegenüber dem Rest der Bevölkerung besserstellen würden. Um enttäuschten Erwartungen vorzubeugen, ist es Aufgabe der Politik, die Zielkonflikte verschiedener Sozialstaatsfunktionen zu moderieren, Ausgaben zu priorisieren und mögliche Zumutungen offen zu legen.
Der Sozialstaat im Niedergangsdiskurs
Authors: Cremer Georg
Published: May 2024

In Deutschland sind paradoxe Erwartungen an die Sozialpolitik sehr verbreitet. Die Regierung soll Leistungen ausbauen und zugleich die Bürgerinnen und Bürger bei Steuern und Sozialversicherungsbeiträgen entlasten. Dies erschwert eine Debatte über sozialpolitische Prioritäten, was nachteilig ist für Menschen am unteren Rand der Gesellschaft.
Europäische Union: Institutionelle Verharrung oder Delors-Plan 2.0?
Authors: Fremerey Melinda , Gerards Iglesias Simon
Published: May 2024

Im Jahr 1989 hat der Delors-Plan mit der Vision einer europäischen Währungsunion dem europäischen Binnenmarkt eine neue Perspektive gegeben. Sowohl aufgrund des geopolitischen Machtverlustes als auch im Kontext der Transformation zu einem dekarbonisierten und digitalisierten Wirtschaftsraum bedarf es nun ähnlich weitgehender Anstrengung. Melinda Fremerey und Simon Gerards Iglesias widmen sich in diesem Beitrag der Frage, wie eine europaweite Kooperation und Integration ganz konkret angeregt werden kann. Wie lässt sich in der aktuellen Lage der Übergang in eine europäische "Investitions- und Verteidigungsunion" umsetzen? Wo greift weiterhin das Subsidiaritätsprinzip? Welcher Umgang findet sich, wenn einzelne Mitgliedstaaten den gemeinsamen Weg nicht mitgehen wollen?
Bauherren und Architekten
Authors: Pracht Michael
Published: May 2024

Lässt sich die Arbeit von Architekten als Dienstleistung beschreiben? Ist Entwerfen dialogisch? Und in welchem Verhältnis stehen Bauherr und Architekt im Entwurfsprozess? Michael Pracht beschreibt diese Konstellation und interpretiert sie anhand von Beispielen aus der Praxis neu. Dazu erweitert er bestehende Ansätze um unterschiedliche Blickwinkel anderer Disziplinen wie z.B. Medizin, Jura, Soziologie oder Philosophie. Die Studie trägt dazu bei die bestehende Forschungslücke zu schließen und vermittelt allen, die am Entwerfen und damit an der Entstehung der gebauten Umwelt beteiligt sind, ein vertieftes Verständnis des Bauherrn-Architekten-Verhältnisses.
Die Filmkultur des Making-of
Authors: Hasebrink Felix
Published: May 2024

Filmen sieht man nicht vollständig an, wie sie gemacht wurden. Einblicke in ihre Herstellung liefern jedoch andere Filme: Making-ofs, Filme über Filmproduktion, die sich bis ins frühe Kino zurückverfolgen lassen. Making-ofs breiten sich in der post-kinematografischen Medienkultur des frühen 21. Jahrhunderts explosionsartig aus. Felix Hasebrink analysiert ihre Formen und Verbreitungswege in unterschiedlichen Kontexten: Dokumentarfilm, Home Video, Social Media und Festivalkino. In dieser Perspektive sind Making-ofs weitaus mehr als filmindustrielles Marketing - sie machen darauf aufmerksam, wie das Medium Film heute seine eigenen Produktionsbedingungen ästhetisch bearbeitet.
Mehr als »Reisen in die Vergangenheit«
Authors: Greven Lukas
Published: May 2024

Der Geschichtswettbewerb des Bundespräsidenten ist seit seiner Gründung im Jahr 1973 zum renommiertesten historischen Schüler*innenwettbewerb Deutschlands geworden. Mehrere tausend Interessierte beschäftigen sich alle zwei Jahre mit Vergangenheit und Geschichte(n), was den Wettbewerb zu einem wichtigen Ort des forschend-historischen Lernens macht. Erstmals wertet Lukas Greven archivierte Beiträge der inzwischen 50-jährigen Wettbewerbsgeschichte systematisch und empirisch aus. Er zeigt, wie sich historisches Lernen angesichts eines gesellschaftlichen und wissenschaftlichen Wandels zwischen den 1970er- und 2010er-Jahren verändert hat - und wo die Schüler*innen auf dem Weg zu kritischem Geschichtsdenken abzuholen sind.
The Capitalist Economy and its Prosthetics
Authors: Wächter Gerhard H.
Published: May 2024

Notwithstanding its ruthless dynamics, the capitalist economy has the flaw of deficient employment-generating spending. This leads to unemployment of non-owners, individual suffering, social unrest and it undermines military strength. To deal with these issues, states use prosthetic policies, artificial transfers to the productive economy and to non-owners. But the funding of such prosthetic policies - through violent wealth appropriation abroad, protectionism, war, domestic expropriation and taxation, debt and money creation - is caught in dilemmas, while politicians are caught between non-solutions. According to Gerhard H. Wächter, the history of capitalist society is largely the history of this dilemmatic brotherhood.
Taxonomical and molecular authentication of the Ceropegia candelabrum L. var. candelabrum, (Apocynaceae): A new record from Eastern India
Authors: Naskar Ayan Kumar , Dwari Saurav , Tripathi Sayantan , Mondal Amal Kumar
Published: May 2024

Ceropegia candelabrum L. is a type species of the genus Ceropegia that is native to the Western Ghats of India. This species is reporting for the first time from West Bengal, which is the eastern bottleneck of India. This species has very attractive, eye-catching flower characteristics viz., corolla-tubular; corolla tube long abruptly dilated at the base, claw is fused forming tube-like structure, corolla limb connate at the tip forming a globular cage. We apply both traditional and advanced methodologies to properly authenticate the newly collected species. However, the taxonomy, as well as the molecular (rbcL, ITS, and rbcL+ITS) data, confirm the identity of that species. Detailed morphology, a new distributional geographic area, and molecular identification are presented here.
Semi-specific intron-exon splice junction markers in bryophyte studies
Authors: Sawicki Jakub , Szczecińska Monika
Published: May 2024

We present a protocol for use of intron-exon splice junction (ISJ) markers in studies on bryophytes. The advantages and disadvantages of the method are discussed and compared with other PCR-based markers like AFLP, ISSR and RAPD.
Role of vascular plant resources in the lower montane zone in relation to the flora of a mountain and its adjacent area: the South Base of Mt. Babia Góra (Western Carpathians)
Authors: Stachnowicz Wojciech
Published: May 2024

The article is the first scientific summary of contemporary flora of vascular plants growing within the S base of Mt. Babia Góra. It presents main statistics concerning general aspects of species richness, its taxonomical structure and spatial distribution (within 54 squares of 0.25 km2 each). Native vs. anthropogenic origin of species is considered in relation to the neighbouring Babia Góra National Park, as well as the Orawian Hills investigated ca. 30 years ago. The problem of local frequency of taxa is also discussed in relation to general species richness within the investigated area. The enclosed full register of recorded species accompanied by some individual characteristics, such as e.g. frequency of each plant, mountain vs. lowland status etc. provides necessary background for further studies and may enable potential estimation of future changes in the flora of this area, as well as the neighbouring Babia Góra National Park. The investigated flora of the lower montane zone comprised 498 species (439 of which were native), 258 genera and 79 families. These numbers represented the following parts of the neighbouring national park’s taxonomic diversity: 79.6% of its species richness, 89.3% of genera and 96.3% of families. In the light of clearly high contribution of the investigated area to the flora of the whole massif, also considering relatively low share of alien taxa (only 39 permanently established species; i.e. 7.8% of the flora) the lower montane zone deserves effective protection, preferably by including it entirely into the national park.
The influence of roads on the species diversity of forest vascular flora in Central Poland
Authors: Zielińska Katarzyna
Published: May 2024

The influence of the presence of roads on the diversity and degree of vascular flora synanthropization of Querco-Pinetum phytocoenoses was the focus of the investigation. The role of road category was evaluated taking into account forest tracks, admitted only for forest administration, dirt roads admitted to traffic and tarmac roads. The research was carried out in the forests of BolimUw Landscape Park in the years 2000-2003. The linear transect method was applied. There were 105 transects, each comprised three research plots lying in various distances from the road. For each investigated plot a list of species together with their cover measure was made.
The significant influence of the presence of roads on the species diversity of the vascular flora of forest communities was proved. The increase in diversity of the areas located close to transport routes was an effect of greater richness, composed of locally rare species and to a lesser extent was the result of increase in variety of taxonomic and ecological features of species. The presence of roads was the cause of the simultaneous increase in the extent of synanthropization. It was observed that the road category is of significance to the degree of influence on the composition of forest flora. The most exploited roads contributed to the biggest changes in flora composition.
Spatial diversity of thermal preferences of vascular plants in Łódź
Authors: Witosławski Piotr , Bomanowska Anna
Published: May 2024

Using temperature indicator values according to Ellenberg, spatial diversity of the vascular flora was determined with regard to thermal preferences of species growing in the area of Łódź (the city with the third largest population in Poland). Study results were compared to meteorological data indicating the presence of an urban heat island (UHI). Analysis of spatial diversity of thermal preferences of the flora was conducted with regard to 292 basic study fields - squares with sides 1 km long. Indicator values of thermal preferences of the flora were determined for the flora of each basic study field - the number and percentage share of thermophilous species (T>6) as well as the average of temperature indicator values. Thermal requirements of the vascular plant species occurring in basic fields within the area of compact tenement-style buildings, industrial and railway terrain are higher than in suburban area. Average temperature indicator values for the flora of basic study fields vary from 5.28 in the peripheries to 5.97 in city centre, while the number of thermophilous species - from 1 to 34, and percentage share of thermophilous species - from 0.6% to 17.5%.
Plant communities with Helianthus tuberosus L. in the towns of the Upper Silesian Industrial Region (southern Poland)
Authors: Kompała-Bąba Agnieszka , Błońska Agnieszka
Published: May 2024

The aims of the research were: to show the floristic composition of patches with participation of Helianthus tuberosus, to find the major environmental gradients in species composition of these patches and to compare plant communities with this species from Poland with those recorded in neighbouring European countries. Fifty four phytosociological relevés, made in a variety of ruderal habitats in the towns of the Upper Silesian Industrial Region (Poland), were analysed using the Correspondence Analysis (CA). To identify the main environmental gradients in the floristic composition of relevés the CA site scores were correlated, using the Kendall correlation coefficient, with the following explanatory variables: Shannon H’ index of species diversity, the number of species from the Convolvuletalia sepium order, the Calystegion sepium alliance, the Onopordetalia acanthii order, the Molinio-Arrhenatheretea class, the Stellarietea mediae class; mean Ellenberg indicator values for light, moisture, temperature, soil reaction and nitrogen. Two major gradients in species data were detected: (i) from plant communities of abandoned meadows of the Molinio-Arrhenatheretea class to nitrophilous communities of the Convolvuletalia sepium order and (ii) a gradient related to the number of species of the Stellarietea mediae class and to the indicator value for light. Helianthus tuberosus stands recorded in European countries can be divided into two separate groups. The first group is differentiated by species of the Onopordetalia acanthii order and higher participation of meadow species from the Molinio-Arrhenatheretea and Stellarietea mediae classes. The second group is characterized by a high frequency of nitrophilous species from the Convolvuletalia sepium order.
Biosurfactants in biocorrosion and corrosion mitigation of metals: An overview
Authors: Sivakumar Dheenadhayalan , Ramasamy Rathinam , Thiagarajan Yamuna Rangaiya , Thirumalairaj Brindha , Krishnamoorthy Umapathi , Haque Siddiqui Md Irfanul , Lakshmaiya Natrayan , Kumar Abhinav , Shah Mohd Asif
Published: May 2024

Biocorrosion, or microbiologically influenced corrosion, is a phenomenon where microorganisms deteriorate the metals. While corrosion is generally considered undesirable due to its negative impact on the integrity and lifespan of materials, the significance of biocorrosion is a major problem because it can cause material deterioration, financial losses, and environmental issues. Conventional corrosion protection techniques frequently use chemicals, which come with risks to human health and the environment. Biosurfactants are surface tension-reducing agents with a low molecular weight that attract many researchers and industrialists due to their excellent chemical properties and stability at extreme temperatures, pH, and under alkaline conditions. These compounds reduce the surface tension of liquids, leading to improved wetting and spreading on metal surfaces. This can help to create a more uniform and protective layer, preventing the accumulation of corrosive agents. This review explores different types of biosurfactants, which include lipopeptides, glycolipids, phospholipids, etc., and how they work to prevent corrosion. The investigation of biosurfactants in corrosion protection not only addresses environmental concerns but also holds promise for innovation in the development of efficient and long-lasting corrosion mitigation strategies for a variety of metal substrates, given the growing demand for green and sustainable technolo gies.
Assessing copula models for mixed continuous-ordinal variables
Authors: Pan Shenyi , Joe Harry
Published: May 2024

Vine pair-copula constructions exist for a mix of continuous and ordinal variables. In some steps, this can involve estimating a bivariate copula for a pair of mixed continuous-ordinal variables. To assess the adequacy of copula fits for such a pair, diagnostic and visualization methods based on normal score plots and conditional Q–Q plots are proposed. The former uses a latent continuous variable for the ordinal variable. The methods are applied to data generated from some existing probability models for a mixed continuous-ordinal variable pair, and for such models, Kullback-Leibler divergence is used to assess whether simple parametric copula families can provide adequate fits. The effectiveness of the proposed visualization and diagnostic methods is illustrated on a dataset.
Decolonizing Through Public History – Introduction
Authors: Cauvin Thomas
Published: May 2024

Decolonization is the subject of an abundant literature, both as a historical event and as a contemporary process. In relations with the past, debates have risen about issues such as colonial monuments, museum collections, and repatriation. Rather than dealing with a specific type of space, institution, or material, this special issue in International Public History offers a discussion on the many links between decolonization and public history. The articles explore if and to what extent public history practices can contribute to decolonizing the history production process (through decolonized sources, decolonized interpretation processes, and decolonized space of communication of history). The articles discuss what ‘public’ in ‘public history’ means: who is doing history, for whom, with whom, and for what? The self-reflective approach of public history also questions the colonial bias and processes at stake in institutions such as archives, museums, and universities. The special issue includes contributions from various countries (South Africa, Kenya, Brazil, Canada, and Japan) to foster discussions on the plurality of links between public history and decolonization in an international context that goes beyond the too-often Western oriented public history frameworks.
Subordination properties and coefficient problems for a novel class of convex functions
Authors: Adegani Ebrahim Analouei , Jafari Mostafa , Bulboacă Teodor , Cho Nak Eun , Motamednezhad Ahmad
Published: May 2024

In this study, a novel family of analytical functions connected to convex functions in the open unit is introduced and investigated. Additionally, relationships between this class and other subclasses of analytic functions are deduced. Further, different results for the mentioned class and several new interesting properties are obtained.
Decomposition in direct sum of seminormed vector spaces and Mazur–Ulam theorem
Authors: Dovgoshey Oleksiy , Prestin Jürgen , Shevchuk Igor
Published: May 2024

It was proved by S. Mazur and S. Ulam in 1932 that every isometric surjection between normed real vector spaces is affine. We generalize the Mazur–Ulam theorem and find necessary and sufficient conditions under which distance-preserving mappings between seminormed real vector spaces are linear.
Variations of star selection principles on hyperspaces
Authors: Casas-de la Rosa Javier
Published: May 2024

In this paper, we define some combinatorial principles to characterize spaces X whose hyperspace satisfies some variation of some classical star selection principle. Specifically, the variations characterized are the selective and absolute versions of the star selection principles for the Menger and Rothberger cases; also, the hyperspaces considered in these characterizations are CL(X), 𝕂(X), 𝔽(X) and ℂ𝕊(X) in both cases, endowed with either the Fell topology or the Vietoris topology.
Ventral Tegmental Area Amylin Receptor Activation Differentially Modulates Mesolimbic Dopamine Signaling in Response to Fat versus Sugar
Authors: Bhimani Rohan V. , Rzepecki Lily , Park Jinwoo , Mietlicki-Baase Elizabeth G.
Published: May 2024

Amylin, a pancreatic hormone that is cosecreted with insulin, has been highlighted as a potential treatment target for obesity. Amylin receptors are distributed widely throughout the brain and are coexpressed on mesolimbic dopamine neurons. Activation of amylin receptors is known to reduce food intake, but the neurochemical mechanisms behind this remain to be elucidated. Amylin receptor activation in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), a key dopaminergic nucleus in the mesolimbic reward system, has a potent ability to suppress intake of palatable fat and sugar solutions. Although previous work has demonstrated that VTA amylin receptor activation can dampen mesolimbic dopamine signaling elicited by random delivery of sucrose, whether this is also the case for fat remains unknown. Herein we tested the hypothesis that amylin receptor activation in the VTA of male rats would attenuate dopamine signaling in the nucleus accumbens core in response to random intraoral delivery of either fat or sugar solutions. Results show that fat solution produces a greater potentiation of accumbens dopamine than an isocaloric sucrose solution. Moreover, activation of VTA amylin receptors elicits a more robust suppression of accumbens dopamine signaling in response to fat solution than to sucrose. Taken together these results shed new light on the amylin system as a therapeutic target for obesity and emphasize the reinforcing nature of high-fat/high-sugar diets.
Maternal androgen exposure induces intergenerational effects via paternal inheritance
Authors: Zhou Yu , Lian Chao , Lu Yingfei , Wang Tianming , Zhao Chengcheng , Zhang Cuilan , Gong Min , Chen Jianquan , Ju Rong
Published: May 2024

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a condition resulting from the interaction between environmental factors and hereditary components, profoundly affecting offspring development. Although the etiology of this disease remains unclear, aberrant in utero androgen exposure is considered one of the pivotal pathogenic factors. Herein, we demonstrate the intergenerational inheritance of PCOS-like phenotypes in F2 female offspring through F1 males caused by maternal testosterone exposure in F0 mice. We found impaired serum hormone expression and reproductive system development in prenatal testosterone-treated F1 male and F2 female mice (PTF1 and PTF2). In addition, downregulated N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methyltransferase and binding proteins induced mRNA hypomethylation in the PTF1 testis, including frizzled-6 (Fzd6). In the PTF2 ovary, decreased FZD6 protein expression inhibited the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway and activated Forkhead box O3 (FoxO3) phosphorylation, which led to impaired follicular development. These data indicate that epigenetic modification of the mTOR signaling pathway could be involved in the intergenerational inheritance of maternal testosterone exposure-induced impairments in the PTF2 ovary through male PTF1 mice.
Deletion of Hsd11b1 suppresses caloric restriction-induced bone marrow adiposity in male but not female mice
Authors: Lovdel Andrea , Suchacki Karla J , Roberts Fiona , Sulston Richard J , Wallace Robert J , Thomas Benjamin J , Bell Rachel M B , Pruñonosa Cervera Iris , Macpherson Gavin J , Morton Nicholas M , Homer Natalie Z M , Chapman Karen E , Cawthorn William P
Published: May 2024

Bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) comprises >10% of total adipose mass in healthy humans. It increases in diverse conditions, including ageing, obesity, osteoporosis, glucocorticoid therapy, and notably, during caloric restriction (CR). BMAT potentially influences skeletal, metabolic, and immune functions, but the mechanisms of BMAT expansion remain poorly understood. Our hypothesis is that, during CR, excessive glucocorticoid activity drives BMAT expansion. The enzyme 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) amplifies glucocorticoid activity by catalysing intracellular regeneration of active glucocorticoids from inert 11-keto forms. Mice lacking 11β-HSD1 resist metabolic dysregulation and bone loss during exogenous glucocorticoid excess; thus, we hypothesised that 11β-HSD1 knockout mice would also resist excessive glucocorticoid action during CR, thereby restrining BMAT expansion and bone loss. To test this, we first confirmed that 11β-HSD1 is expressed in mouse and human bone marrow. We then investigated the effects of CR in male and female control and 11β-HSD1 knockout mice from 9 to 15 weeks of age. CR increased Hsd11b1 mRNA in adipose tissue and bone marrow. Deletion of Hsd11b1 did not alter bone or BMAT characteristics in mice fed a control diet and had little effect on tibial bone microarchitecture during CR. Notably, Hsd11b1 deletion attenuated the CR-induced increases in BMAT and prevented increases in bone marrow corticosterone in males but not females. This was not associated with suppression of glucocorticoid target genes in bone marrow. Instead, knockout males had increased progesterone in plasma and bone marrow. Together, our findings show that knockout of 11β-HSD1 prevents CR-induced BMAT expansion in a sex-specific manner and highlights progesterone as a potential new regulator of bone marrow adiposity.
Characterization of Trichoderma species from agricultural soils of Paraguay
Authors: Sanabria-Velázquez Andrés Dejesús , Florentín Pavía Marcos Marcelo , Insaurralde Ayala Lorena , Flores-Giubi María Eugenia , Romero-Rodríguez María Cristina , Sotelo Pablo Hernán , Barúa Javier E.
Published: May 2024

There is a growing interest in the development of sustainable alternatives to the use of chemical pesticides for pest management in agricultural systems. This research aimed to isolate and characterize native strains of Trichoderma spp. from different soils of Paraguay using morphological and molecular criteria. We processed plant and soil samples from eight commercial farms distributed in different departments of Paraguay and isolated 14 monosporic isolates of Trichoderma spp., obtaining two isolates from the Department of Alto Paraná (FCQ36 and FCQ37), four isolates from Cordillera (FCQ42, FCQ43, FCQ44, and FCQ46), one isolate from Central (FCQ32), and seven isolates from Itapúa (FCQ13, FCQ16, FCQ18, FCQ19, FCQ21, FCQ23, and FCQ47). In addition, phylogenetic analyses using the ITS and tef1α loci were carried out. A better resolution of the tef1a gene than the ITS region was observed. Moreover, a third phylogenetic tree from the concatenated ITS and tef1α sequences matrix was generated, obtaining the same topology with higher bootstrap support values. Through this approach, we reported for the first time the presence of Trichoderma koningiopsis (FCQ19, FCQ36, and FCQ37), Trichoderma neokoningii (FCQ13), and Trichoderma asperellum (FCQ42, FCQ43, FCQ44, and FCQ46), Trichoderma brevicompactum (FCQ18 and FCQ21), and Trichoderma longibrachiatum (FCQ 47) in Paraguay. The Trichoderma species identified in this study can be used to develop effective biocontrol products for agricultural and industrial purposes in Paraguay.
Development of a Stress-Free Algorithm for Control of Running Platforms Based on Neural Network Technologies
Authors: Obukhov Artem , Dedov Denis , Teselkin Daniil , Volkov Andrey , Nazarova Alexandra
Published: May 2024

The article discusses the task of predicting human speed using neural network technologies and computer vision to minimize lags in treadmill control systems, which pose a health risk to the user. To solve this problem, a stress-free algorithm has been developed, including: predicting the position and speed of the user on the treadmill; calculating the treadmill speed based on the analysis of the user's position and movement characteristics; data collection and processing schemes for training neural network methods; and determining the necessary number of predicted frames to eliminate lags. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the development of a treadmill control algorithm that combines: computer vision technologies for recognizing the user's body model on the platform; neural networks; and machine learning methods to determine the final human speed based on combining data on the person's position in the frame and the current and predicted speed of the person. The proposed algorithm is implemented using Python libraries, and its validation was conducted during experimental studies analyzing the preceding 10 and 15 frames to predict the next 10 and 15 frames. Comparing machine learning algorithms (linear regression, decision tree, random forest, multilayer, convolutional, and recurrent neural networks) at different lengths of analyzed and predicted frames, the RandomForestRegressor algorithm showed the best accuracy in predicting position, while dense multilayer neural networks performed best in determining current speed. Experimental research has been conducted on applying the developed algorithm and models to determine human speed (achieving accuracy when forecasting in the range of 10-15 frames) as well as integrating them into treadmill control systems. Trials have shown the effectiveness of the proposed approach and the correctness of system operation under real conditions. The developed algorithm allows for not using noise-sensitive sensors that require attachment to the user's body but rather forecasting user actions through analyzing all points of the person's body to reduce lags in various human-machine systems.
A Method to Quantitative Compare Obfuscating Ttransformations
Authors: Borisov Petr , Kosolapov Yury
Published: May 2024

The paper considers the problem of quantitative comparison of potency and resistance of practically applied obfuscating transformations of program code. A method is proposed to find the potency and resistance of transformations by calculating the «comprehensibility» of the obfuscated and deobfuscated versions of a program, respectively. As a measure of program comprehensibility, it is proposed to use the similarity of this program to the approximation of its «most comprehensible» version. Based on the proposed method a model to assess potency and resistance was built, the main elements of which are: a set of investigated obfuscating transformations, a similarity function, a method to approximate the most comprehensible version of the program and a deobfuscator. To implement this model 1) obfuscating transformations provided by Hikari obfuscator are chosen; 2) 8 similarity functions are constructed by machine learning methods using static characteristics of programs from CoreUtils, PolyBench and HashCat sets; 3) the smallest program version was chosen as an approximation of the most comprehensible program version (found among the versions obtained using optimization options of GCC, Clang and AOCC compilers); 4) a program deobfuscation scheme based on the optimizing compiler from LLVM was built and implemented. The results of the potency and resistance for sequences of transformations of lengths one, two and three were experimentally obtained. These results showed consistency with the results of independent potency and resistance evaluations obtained by other methods. In particular, it was found that the highest potency and resistance are demonstrated by sequences of transformations starting with transformations of the control flow graph, and the lowest resistance and potency are generally demonstrated by sequences that do not contain such transformations.
Assessment of Void Management Strategies (VMS) in Multi-tenanted Office Property in Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: ALUKO Bioye , Ojediran Akeem Oyelere , Oladokun Timothy  Tunde
Published: May 2024

The study assessed void management strategies adopted by Estate Surveying firms in multi-tenanted office properties in Lagos, Nigeria
Primary data were collected with the aid of questionnaires from estate surveying firms in the study area. in line with the Directory of the Lagos State branch of Nigerian Institution of Estate Surveyors and Valuers (NIESV). Seventy percent of this population representing 223 firms were selected randomly for the study and found useful for the study. Data obtained were analysed using frequency table, mean, mean deviation and mean ranking.
The study found out that void eradication strategy of adherence to vacation clauses and regular advertisement were the most frequently used strategies, probably due to their cheapness and effectiveness.
Keywords: Void, Void Management Strategies, Multi-tenanted Properties
Factors associated with adherence to antihypertensive agents in the older adult
Authors:   University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil., Silva Fhon Jack Roberto , Gómez-Luján María del Pilar ,   National University of Trujillo, Trujillo, Peru., Maiara Caetano Gideany ,   University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil., Cáceda-Ñazco Giovanna Sara ,   National University of Trujillo, Trujillo, Peru., dos Santos-Neto Alexandre Pereira ,   University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil., Leitón-Espinoza Zoila Esperanza ,   National University of Trujillo, Trujillo, Peru.
Published: May 2024

Introduction: With aging, there is an increased risk of suffering from different chronic diseases, including high blood pressure. Hypertension management must be carried out by health professionals, whether or not treatment involves medication. By controlling drug treatment, especially adherence, serious health problems for older people can be avoided. Objective: To determine the factors associated with adherence to arterial hypertension treatment in older adults who live at home. Materials and Methods: A quantitative and cross-sectional study was conducted in La Libertad Region, Peru, with 342 older adults living at home. For data collection, a sociodemographic profile form, anthropometric measurements, blood pressure measurements, the Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) test, the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), and the Morisky Green Levine (MGL) adherence scale were used. In addition, descriptive and analytical statistics were used. Result: 57.60% of the participants did not adhere to the pharmacological treatment, and, in most of the sociodemographic variables examined, they did not adhere to pharmacological treatment in most cases. Likewise, a relationship between retirement in older adults and the MGL adherence scale score was identified. The study showed evidence linking treatment adherence and age (p=0.01), retirement status (p=0.05), and history of stroke (p=0.004). Discussion: Treatment adherence depends on sociodemographic and health factors for disease control and a healthy lifestyle. Conclusion: Older adults and their caregivers need guidance and education to improve adherence to pharmacological treatments.
Educação alimentar e nutricional em comunidades quilombolas rurais do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil: aspectos metodológicos
Authors: Pauli Silvia , Bairros Fernanda de Souza , Neutzling Marilda Borges , Knauth Daniela Riva , Neves Nunes Luciana , Santos Francine Silva dos , Drehmer Michele
Published: May 2024

Introdução: A construção de programas de promoção da alimentação saudável deve ser pautada sobre a cultura e as condições de vida das pessoas. Objetivo: Descrever a metodologia para uma intervenção comunitária de educação alimentar e nutricional (EAN) realizada em comunidades quilombolas (CQ) rurais do Rio Grande do Sul. Métodos: Foram incluídas duas comunidades. As ações de EAN consistiram na realização de seis oficinas com abordagem pautada nos conceitos de cultura alimentar, alimentação adequada e saudável e promoção da saúde, com foco em alimentos e comida ao invés de nutrientes. As ações foram planejadas a partir da produção de estratégias que pudessem ser replicadas pelos participantes aos outros moradores. Resultados: Participaram das oficinas pessoas de várias idades e a participação das mulheres foi mais expressiva. Cada oficina teve objetivos específicos e diferentes dinâmicas empregadas. Conclusão: Essa abordagem buscou enfatizar as experiências, a cultura e as opiniões das pessoas que residem nas CQ incluídas no estudo. Espera-se que essa intervenção comunitária de EAN possa nortear e subsidiar o planejamento e execução de iniciativas similares em outras CQ do estado ou até mesmo do país.
FİNANSAL GEVŞEKLİK TÜRLERİNİN FİRMA PERFORMANSINA VE HİSSE SENEDİNE OLAN ETKİSİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: Çilingir Kara Cansu , Yılmaz Türkmen Sibel
Published: May 2024

Bu çalışmada, finansal gevşeklik türlerinin, finansal performansa ve hisse senedi fiyatına olan etkisi araştırılmıştır. Bu doğrultuda, 2013-2021 yılları arasında, BİST 30 Endeksi’nde faaliyet gösteren firmaların verileri incelenmiştir. Analizde kullanılacak bağımsız değişkenler; en çok kullanılan finansal gevşeklik türleri olan; mevcut gevşeklik, geri kazanılabilir gevşeklik ve potansiyel gevşekliktir. Analizde kullanılacak bağımlı değişkenler ise; aktif karlılığı, özsermaye karlılığı, Tobin Q oranı, piyasa değeri- defter değeri oranı ve hisse senedi fiyatıdır. Uygulamada, ilgili yıllara ait verilere panel veri analiz yönetimi uygulanmıştır. İlgili analizin yapılmasında, Stata 14 paket programı kullanılmıştır. Literatürdeki çalışmalar incelendiğinde, Türkçe yayın olarak bir adet doktora tezi bulunduğu ve mevcut literatürün yurt dışı yayınlar ağırlıklı olduğu, ayrıca literatürdeki çalışmalarda analize finansal performans ölçümlerinin katıldığı, fakat hisse senedi fiyatlarının dahil edilmediği görülmüştür. Bu doğrultuda hem BİST30 Endeksi üzerinde analiz yapılmış hem de analize firmalara ait hisse senedi fiyatları dahil edilmiştir. Yapılan panel veri analizi sonucunda, finansal gevşeklik türlerinin bilanço temelli finansal oranları anlamlı olarak etkilediği görülmüştür.
Impact of technological interdependencies on employment by BCFE method
Authors: El Menyari Zakaria , El Abbassi Idriss , El Menyari Younesse
Published: May 2024

Technology has a profound impact on the job market, creating both opportunities and challenges for workers, companies and economies. Its effect on employment has been discussed extensively for developed countries while it has not been widely examined in developing countries. This paper provides an examination of the interplay between technology and employment in developing countries through their participation in global value chain in a sample of 33 developing countries over the period 2010-2020. The Dynamic panel bootstrap-corrected fixed effects estimation showed positive and relevant impact of Backward GVC participation and ICT imports on employment, while the effect of forward participation was not significant.
A dual method for polar cuts in disjoint bilinear programming
Authors: Ding Xiaosong , Ma Jun , Chen Xi , Liu Chao
Published: May 2024

As one branch of deterministic approaches to disjoint bilinear programming, cutting plane methods are renowned for its ability to systematically reduce the search space by adding cutting planes that are able to cut off regions deemed infeasible or suboptimal. Polar cuts have been widely utilized as a dominating type of cut in terms of deepness. During the establishment of a polar cut, the modified Newton's method is employed to derive the cutting points along the positive or negative extensions of edges emanating from a local solution. Nonetheless, its performance can be further improved along the positive extensions. Drawing inspiration from integer programming, we develop a new approach based on the LP duality theory for this purpose. It re-formulates the original program with a piece-wise linear concave objective function as a single LP. Moreover, we propose a new technique to derive the edges as accommodation to degeneracy. Numerical results show that, by utilizing our newly developed dual method, computing time can be gradually saved as the percentage of generated cutting points along the positive extensions of edges rises.
Bacterial genera associated with nitrogen cycle in microbial communities of chernozems
Authors: Boyarshin Konstantin S. , Adamova Valeria V. , Zheng Wentao , Nikitinskaya Ekaterina V. , Obukhova Olga Y. , Kolkova Marina V. , Bespalova Olga S. , Klyueva Violetta V. , Degtyareva Kristina A. , Nesteruk Lubov V. , Kurkina Yulia N. , Makanina Olesya A. , Ivanova Elena S. , Batlutskaya Irina V.
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND: Reactions associated with the geochemical nitrogen cycle occurring in the soil have a decisive effect on the level of nitrogen availability for green plants. Microorganisms that catalyze them are of interest from the point of view of developing mechanisms for managing soil fertility. In this paper, we focused on bacterial genera associated with nitrogen cycle processes in chernozem soils of the Belgorod Region of Russia.
AIM: To determine the list and quantitative ratios of bacterial genera whose representatives are able to participate in the fixation of atmospheric nitrogen, nitrification and denitrification in the chernozems of the forest-steppe zone of the European part of Russia.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Samples of arable and non-arable chernozems of three subtypes were collected in June and August 2022. Microbiological profiling based on high-throughput sequencing of amplicons of V3 and V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene with subsequent computational processing of the results was used in the work.
RESULTS: 6 genera of nitrogen-fixing bacteria were found, as well as a group undifferentiated by means of the method used, including genus Rhizobium. 8 genera involved in the first and 5 genera involved in the second stage of nitrification were also found. 7 genera have been found whose representatives are capable of denitrification, without taking into account nitrogen-fixing bacteria, which are also capable of carrying out this process.
CONCLUSIONS: Among the bacteria capable of fixing atmospheric nitrogen in the chernozems of the Belgorod region, the genus Bradyrhizobium dominates. Among the nitrifiers performing the first stage of nitrification, Ellin6067 and MND1 from the family Nitrosomonadaceae predominate. The second stage of nitrification is carried out mainly by bacteria of the genus Nitrospira. Of the potential denitrifies, along with nitrogen-fixing genera possessing this ability, representatives of the genera Rubrobacter and Pseudomonas are the most numerous. The study does not claim to give a complete list of organisms that carry out key chemical transformations of nitrogen compounds in chernozems, however, it allows us to name their important participants.
Sources and donors of the multi-row ear trait for hybrid breeding of corn in the VIR collection
Authors: Khatefov Eduard B. , Bogdan Polina M. , Grushin Aleksander A. , Fil Irina  V. , Sherstobitov Vasilii V. , Boyko Vladislav N.
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND: The sign of the number of rows of grains on the cob is one of the key to improving the productivity of corn. The effects of the genes that control this trait have been poorly studied. The search for sources and donors of this trait is relevant for hybrid breeding.
AIM: The aim of this study is to search for sources and donors of the multi-row ear trait in the VIR collection for involvement in the breeding of hybrid corn.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The studies were carried out on 16 lines (S3–6) with different inbredness and varying the number of rows of grains on an ear from 18 to 36, the exotic 8-row race CUZCO characterized by large grains and the MP-20 population with 20–36 rows of ears. Hybridization and crop recording were carried out in the field conditions of the foothill zone of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic.
RESULTS: Based on similar phenotypic characteristics, 16 lines of corn with a multi-row cob were ranked into 5 groups. Analysis of the structure of the ear of the experimental F1 hybrid between the MP-20 population and the 8-row, large-grain race CUZCO showed that the trait of multi-row ear and large-grain is manifested as incomplete dominance. The yield potential of the experimental simple hybrid was no less than 12.2 tons per 1 hectare with a harvest grain moisture content of 37% and an FAO ripeness group of at least 600. A significant drawback of corn lines with multi-row cobs is the high harvest moisture content of the grain.
CONCLUSIONS: The collection of multirow maize lines serves as a valuable source of genes that control important quantitative traits and can be involved in the breeding of hybrid maize for its improvement.
Efektivitas daun kemangi sebagai anti lalat pada pembuatan ikan asin sepat rawa (Trichopodus trichopterus)
Authors: Rinto Rinto , Sudirman Sabri , Ulqodry Tengku Zia , Pitayati Puspa Ayu , Balqis Finanda Rahil
Published: May 2024

Kontaminasi lalat dapat terjadi selama proses pengeringan ikan asin. Pemberian insektisida alami merupakan salah satu pencegahan lalat selama pembuatan ikan asin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan efektivitas daun kemangi (larutan maupun ekstrak) sebagai anti lalat pada pembuatan ikan asin. Penelitian dilakukan secara bertahap, yaitu pembuatan larutan dan ekstrak serta pembuatan ikan asin. Jenis ikan yang digunakan dalam pembuatan ikan asin yaitu ikan sepat dengan tiga perlakuan yaitu tanpa filtrat/ekstrak kemangi (P1), perendaman filtrat kemangi 10% (P2), dan penyemprotan ekstrak kemangi 10% (P3). Pengamatan dilakukan 3 kali ulangan pada setiap parameter yaitu jumlah lalat dan suhu. Uji kelembapan dilakukan selama penjemuran ikan dan uji mortalitas dilakukan terhadap larva lalat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa larutan kemangi/filtrat yang diperoleh sebanyak 64,09% dan setelah dipekatkan menghasilkan ekstrak sebesar 32,62%. Total lalat yang hinggap yaitu ikan asin kontrol 105, direndam dalam larutan 63 dan disemprot ekstrak selama penjemuran yaitu 33 ekor. Rata-rata lalat aktif hinggap pada ikan asin dengan suhu 29-36℃ dan kelembapan 55-69%. Larva lalat hanya mengalami kematian pada perlakuan penyemprotan ekstrak kemangi 10%. Perlakuan penyemprotan ekstrak daun kemangi efektif digunakan untuk pencegahan lalat dibandingkan perendaman larutan daun kemangi.