bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Die Verwendung von Bearbeitungen urheberrechtlich geschützter Werke
Authors: Haas Eliane
Published: November 2019

This study deals with the phenomenon of derivative works and the challenges it poses to copyright law. The author shows how the law should meet these challenges in the future; in doing so, she takes a close look at the economic function of copyright law.
As a first approach, the author examines whether extensive interpretation of existing Swiss copyright limitations, such as the parody exception or the right to cite, leads to feasible solutions. As a second approach, she outlines and assesses possible solutions de lege ferenda. Her focus here lies on a new exception for creative derivatives, a fair use exception and an exception for non-commercial use for Swiss copyright law.
Zur Stellung der Gläubiger und Gesellschafter im französischen Recht der Kollektivverfahren
Authors: Klaiber Christoph
Published: November 2019

For a long time now, Germany has been struggling for a legally standardised restructuring procedure that can be preceded by a conventional insolvency procedure. What is still encountering fierce resistance in Germany has been common practice in France for decades. So what should we learn from the experience of the French model? Does it even serve as a blueprint for a fundamental change in the system? These questions have arisen since the adoption of the EU’s Restructuring Directive under changed circumstances. This thesis investigates both legal systems by using a functional legal comparison to show what enormous differences exist between them despite all the attempts at harmonisation, but also where opportunities for bilateral rapprochement could lie. The author calls upon German legislators to tread new paths in implementing a restructuring procedure and to introduce a collective reorganisation law. To this end, they can take inspiration from the many preventive mechanisms of the Code de commerce.
Haftung im Spitzensport und AntiDopG
Authors: Brugger Fabian
Published: November 2019

Doping is and remains a profound problem in top-class sport. The question of whether and how those involved in top-level sport can take civil action against a doped athlete is therefore more topical than ever. The dissertation deals with these civil liability consequences and considers, in particular, the effects resulting from the AntiDopG, which has been in force since the end of 2015.
The author initially addresses the question of the applicability of German liability law to international cases. Building on this, the work presents contractual, pre-contractual, tortious, tort and enrichment claims against the doping athlete and examines the consequences of the AntiDopG for these claims. The work also deals with the question of how the civil liability extended by the AntiDopG has a preventive influence on doping behaviour in top-level sport and how this supports the anti-doping fight by means of civil law.
Zielscheibe Schiedsrichter - immer noch!?
Authors: Vester Thaya
Published: November 2019

It is often assumed that the atmosphere on German football pitches is becoming increasingly harsh—especially towards referees. In a comprehensive survey, referees’ feeling of safety and the victimisation of football referees in Baden-Württemberg were repeatedly examined; this is the first time that longitudinal data that allows changes in this respect to become clear has been available. This study examines both the reported and the actual frequency of insults, discrimination, threats and assaults against referees as well as the question of what effects the experience of such (violent) conflicts has on their feeling of safety on the pitch.
Zivilprozessrecht
Authors: Adolphsen Jens
Published: November 2019

Zunehmend sind bereits Studierende dazu aufgefordert, die effiziente Durchsetzung zivilrechtlicher Ansprüche zu prüfen. Das Lehrbuch stellt das Zivilprozessrecht für Studenten und Referendare in seinen prüfungsrelevanten Bereichen klar und übersichtlich dar. Strukturen und systematische Zusammenhänge werden anhand typischer Fälle erläutert, sodass ein schneller Einstieg in das Rechtsgebiet gelingt. Das Lehrbuch orientiert sich am Ablauf des gerichtlichen Verfahrens. Für die 6. Auflage wurde das Werk durchgehend aktualisiert und überarbeitet.
Tetsuro Watsuji’s Milieu and Intergenerational Environmental Ethics
Authors: Droz Laÿna ,   Center for Environmental Philosophy, The University of North Texas
Published: November 2019

The concept of humans as relational individuals living in a milieu can provide some solutions to various obstacles of theorization that are standing in the way of an ethics of sustainability. The idea of a milieu was developed by Tetsuro Watsuji as a web of signification and symbols. It refers to the environment as lived by a subjective relational human being and not as artificially objectified. The milieu can neither be separated from its temporal—or historical—dimension as it is directly related to the “now” of perceptions and actions in the world. In other words, elements of the natural milieu can be said to have a constitutive value as they contribute to our well-being by helping us make sense of our life and our world. In their temporal and relational dimensions, Watsuji’s notions of the milieu and human being are thus directly related to the notion of sustainability. This concept offers some convincing solutions to overcoming the problem of temporal distance, by shifting the center of argumentation from unknown, passive, and biologically dependent not-yet- born people to the transmission of a meaningful historical milieu. The turning point here is that if what matters is the survival of ideal and material projects that people live (and sometimes die) for, then future generations have tremendous power over them, as the actions of those future people will determine the success or failure of the projects started by present generations.
Kant, Chakrabarty, and the Crises of the Anthropocene
Authors: Baumeister David ,   Center for Environmental Philosophy, The University of North Texas
Published: November 2019

Dipesh Chakrabarty has identified Immanuel Kant’s distinction between the human’s moral and animal dimensions as an underlying source of the failure of the humanities to respond to the ecological crises of the Anthropocene. Although relevant for the environmental humanities generally, Chakrabarty’s critique is especially germane to contemporary environmental philosophy. It shows how the reality of anthropogenic climate change renders central aspects of Kant’s influential conception of human nature untenable. While closer examination of Kant’s writings corroborates the core of Chakrabarty’s reading, there nonetheless remain positive resources in Kant’s philosophy for contemporary environmental thinking, for, although Kant does regard the human’s moral and animal dimensions as conceptually separable, he also understands them to be inextricably bound within the nature of human beings. Attending to the interplay between these Kantian commitments, a new critical insight into one of the basic tensions of the Anthropocene era can be attained.
Responsible Belief, Influence, and Control: Response to Stephen White
Authors: Peels Rik ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: November 2019

I reply to Stephen White’s criticisms of my Influence View. First, I reply to his worry that my Appraisal Account of responsibility cannot make sense of doxastic responsibility. Then, I discuss in detail his stolen painting case and argue that the Influence View can make sense of it. Next, I discuss various other cases that are meant to show that acting in accordance with one’s beliefs does not render one blameless. I argue that in these cases, even though the subjects act in accordance with their own beliefs, there is plenty of reason to think that at some previous point in time they violated certain intellectual obligations that led to them to hold those beliefs. Even on a radically subjective account of responsibility, then, we can perfectly well hold these people responsible for their beliefs. I go on to defend the idea that reasons-responsiveness will not do for doxastic responsibility: we need influence on our beliefs as well. Thus, doxastic compatibilism or rationalism is untenable. Subsequently, I defend my earlier claim that there is a crucial difference between beliefs and actions in that actions are often subject to the will, whereas beliefs are not. Finally, I respond to White’s worry that if one has a subjective epistemic obligation just because one believes that certain actions are epistemically bad, some people will have a wide range of absurd epistemic obligations, such as the obligation to listen to Infowars.
Doxastic Responsibility is Owed to Others
Authors: Goldberg Sanford C. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: November 2019

In this paper I argue that Rik Peels’s account of doxastic responsibility (in his 2017 book Responsible Belief) is too subjectivist, as it fails to deliver the correct verdicts in some cases in which one’s responsibilities derive from a social role and where one has misleading higher-order evidence about the first-order evidence. The take-home point is that the notion of responsibility in doxastic responsibility is something that is owed to others.
The Social Dimension of Responsible Belief: Response to Sanford Goldberg
Authors: Peels Rik ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: November 2019

Goldberg has argued in several writings of his that our social context is crucial in determining whether we believe responsibly or not. In this reply to his criticisms, I explore whether my Influence Account of responsible belief can do justice to this social dimension of responsible belief. I discuss the case of Nancy the scientist, that of Fernando the doctor, and that of Janice who promises Ismelda to shovel her lane. I argue that the core solution to the challenges these cases provide is to distinguish between different kinds of intellectual obligations, such as epistemic, moral, and professional obligations. My Influence Account leaves plenty of room to make these distinctions. Even though my account is not primarily meant as an account of epistemically justified belief but rather as an account of responsible belief, I also argue that it can accommodate our intuitions about various important cases of epistemically (un)justified belief.
Précis of The Character Gap
Authors: Miller Christian B. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: November 2019

To provide some background for the commentaries by Nancy Snow and Jennifer Cole Wright, I summarize the main ideas from the three parts of my book, The Character Gap: How Good Are We?
Commentary On The Character Gap
Authors: Wright Jennifer Cole ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: November 2019

The Character Gap by Christian Miller is an excellent discussion of how the empirical research conducted on virtue bears upon the larger question of whether or not people are virtuous, especially when we consider the question through the lens of a philosophically rigorous account of virtue. His conclusion is that overall people are not virtuous—but then, neither are they vicious. In this commentary, I challenge the latter. I explore two alternative ways of conceiving of vice and utilize a range of empirical findings—on topics ranging from bullying, to sexual assault, to factory farming—to argue that perhaps vice is much more prevalent than Miller believes, a worry that deserves our attention and concern.
Hyperosmolar Therapy for Severe Traumatic Brain Injury in Pediatrics: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Fenn Norman E. , Sierra Caroline M.
Published: November 2019

Traumatic brain injury remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children. The use of hyperosmolar therapy to offset increased intracranial pressure (ICP) is described in pediatric guidelines, yet some controversy remains regarding which option to select. A search was conducted using the PubMed, MEDLINE, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health, Academic Search Premier, PsycInfo, and Cochrane Library databases. Studies were included if they described the hyperosmolar therapy use, involved severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), and patient age was 0 to 18 years. A total of 331 studies published between 1987 and 2017 were retrieved; of these, 9 met the inclusion criteria. Included studies were evaluated for the type and concentration of hyperosmolar therapy, associated mortality outcomes, ICP and coronary perfusion pressure (CPP) measurements, concurrent medications, and reported serum sodium and serum osmolarity or osmolality values. Hypertonic saline was the most commonly reported hyperosmolar therapy. Mannitol was less studied, but collectively demonstrated a higher incidence of mortality than hypertonic saline. There were several studies that did not report monitoring outcomes associated with serum sodium and/or serum osmolarity, despite the use of hyperosmolar therapies. Inconsistencies were noted between the studies in the overall study design as well as reported monitoring parameters and length of stay. Hypertonic saline appears to be safe and efficacious at several concentrations for treatment of increased ICP associated with severe TBI in pediatric patients. The limited available data regarding the use of mannitol do not allow a strong conclusion to be made regarding its use.
Outcomes and Adverse Effects With Peramivir for the Treatment of Influenza H1N1 in Critically Ill Pediatric Patients
Authors: Witcher Robert , Tracy Joanna , Santos Laura , Chopra Arun
Published: November 2019

OBJECTIVES Influenza is an environmental pathogen and infection presents as a range from asymptomatic to fulminant illness. Though treatment is supportive, antiviral agents have a role in the management of infection. Pediatric use of peramivir is largely based on reports and extrapolations of pharmacokinetic data. We seek to describe efficacy and safety of peramivir in critically ill pediatric patients.

METHODS This is a retrospective, institutional review board–approved chart review of all patients under 21 years of age, admitted to the PICU, and treated with peramivir for influenza H1N1 infection between January 1, 2016, and March 31, 2016, at a single-center, 12-bed PICU. The primary outcome was time to sustained resolution of fever; secondary outcomes included dose, duration, and adverse effects of peramivir therapy.

RESULTS Seven patients were included with median age of 3.7 years. Median time to sustained resolution of fever was 49.3 hours, median duration of mechanical ventilation was 14.2 days, median ICU LOS was 18.7 days, and hospital LOS was 24.7 days. No patients suffered mortality. Three patients experienced leukopenia, one of which experienced a concurrent neutropenia. Three patients experienced hyperglycemia, 2 experienced hypertension, 1 experienced increased aspartate aminotransferase and increased alanine aminotransferase, and 1 experienced diarrhea. All adverse events assessed were classified as possible using published adverse event causality assessments.

CONCLUSIONS Peramivir has been shown to be an effective therapy for the treatment of influenza H1N1 in critically ill pediatric patients. In our experience with 7 pediatric patients, peramivir was well tolerated at typical durations of therapy; however, increased vigilance is warranted during prolonged courses or in patients with reasons for altered pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.
Contrast-Induced Vomiting in Pediatric Patients Under Propofol Sedation: A Case Series
Authors: Rainey Shane C. , Shaikh Nadia , Hanson Keith A.
Published: November 2019

Gadolinium-based compounds are frequently used in contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging studies. Rarely, adverse events have been reported with administration of these compounds, of which the most common are nausea and vomiting. Although well established in the adult literature, these adverse effects are less well described in the pediatric population, who often need sedation to complete imaging studies. In this case series, we present 3 children who experienced vomiting shortly after contrast administration while under sedation with propofol, which is known to have antiemetic properties. Although all 3 children recovered without complication, this case series illustrates the serious potential consequences of vomiting while sedated, and providers should be aware of these possible adverse events as pediatric sedation becomes more common outside the operating room.
Cetirizine as a Causative Agent for Drug Induced Methemoglobinemia: A Case Report and Review
Authors: Grillo Matthew , Hong Joseph , Kosuri Sujatha , Verma Rita
Published: November 2019

A case of methemoglobinemia (MHb) in a teenage woman, triggered by an acute ingestion of approximately 120 to 180 mg of cetirizine, allegedly, with no suicidal intent is described. The patient presented with anxiety and tremors and rapidly developed central cyanosis unresponsive to oxygen supplementation. There was a history of recurrent, spontaneously remitting, unprovoked “blue discoloration of hands.” Investigations confirmed the diagnosis of MHb, and the patient responded to ascorbic acid and methylene blue, although the baseline methemoglobin level remained slightly high. The exact enzymatic deficiency could not be ascertained as the patient refused to undergo complete testing. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first documentation of cetirizine as a causative agent for drug induced MHb. Cetirizine, a selective histamine H1 receptor antagonist is eliminated via oxidation and conjugation processes, which use pathways other than cytochrome P450 enzyme system. The metabolism could potentially create by-products, like superoxide or hydrogen peroxide, which could act as strong reducing agents and oxidize hemoglobin into ferric containing methemoglobin. In this case, an unusually high systemic load of the drug speculatively saturated and overwhelmed the protective enzyme systems, which resulted in clinical manifestation of MHb.
Sistema Sócio ecológico de Uso dos Recursos Florestais por Comunidades na Região de Santarém, Pará
Authors: Almeida Everton Cristo de , Gama João Ricardo Vasconcellos
Published: November 2019

As comunidades amazônicas, sejam ribeirinhas ou assentadas, ainda têm muita dificuldade em se desenvolver de forma sustentável. Este artigo buscou identificar se o Indicador de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social (IDES), nas unidades de ocupação em estudo, está condicionado ao uso sustentável dos recursos florestais, foi utilizada a Análise Qualitativa Comparativa, com apoio da lógica de conjuntos difusos. Os resultados indicaram que a condição causal ideal era sistema de recurso aliado a sistema de governança para que o IDES pudesse ocorrer de forma satisfatória. Concluímos que o uso sustentável dos recursos florestais proporciona melhoria socioeconômica para as comunidades, desde que o uso seja realizado respeitando-se as leis ambientais e as normas da comunidade.
L’accord commercial entre le Canada et l’Union européenne prévoit-il une résolution des différends par arbitrage ou règlement judiciaire ?
Authors: Bjorklund Andrea K. , Brosseau Jonathan
Published: November 2019

En octobre 2015, l’Union européenne (UE) a inauguré sa stratégie de libre-échange, Le commerce pour tous, qui spécifiait que la Commission européenne inclurait dorénavant dans ses accords commerciaux modernisés un « système juridictionnel public des investissements », composé d’un Tribunal de première instance et d’un Tribunal d’appel, qui opèrerait à la manière des cours traditionnelles. Un système juridictionnel des investissements (SJI) a depuis été intégré dans l’Accord économique et commercial global entre l’UE et le Canada, dans l’Accord de libre-échange entre l’UE et le Vietnam, dans l’Accord de libre-échange entre l’UE et Singapour et dans l’Accord global UE-Mexique. Est-ce que le SJI est réellement une cour, comme le soutiennent les parties signataires ? En se fondant sur des arguments de théorie juridique et politique, il appert que le SJI représente un hybride entre l’arbitrage consensuel et les cours nationales et internationales. Plus précisément, il constitue une forme davantage institutionnalisée d’arbitrage d’investissement. Le SJI est basé sur le consentement bilatéral et limité des parties, il adopte l’idée d’avoir un représentant neutre sur le banc (bien que plus éloigné des parties au différend spécifique) et il est constitué de manière à rendre justice principalement pour les parties en cause plutôt que pour assurer le développement cohérent du droit dans l’arbitrage d’investissement plus largement. Il s’écarte des arbitrages traditionnels en incorporant des règles de procédure et des garanties éthiques plus robustes et détaillées, mais il ne constitue pas une cour à part entière.
Le principe de consentement libre, préalable et éclairé et son application dans la collecte des données du patrimoine culturel immateriel
Authors: Li Wang
Published: November 2019

Le principe de « consentement libre, préalable et éclairé » (CLPE) a, depuis son émergence, vécu une évolution bipolarisée, partant d’un « contrôle d’entrée » de produits dangereux, pour devenir un outil de « contrôle de sortie » pour les ressources biologiques comme culturelles des communautés avec l’adoption du Protocole de Nagoya à la Convention sur la diversité biologique. Cette évolution a rejoint l’apparition de la notion de patrimoine culturel immatériel avec la Convention pour la sauvegarde du patrimoine culturel immatériel, qui a, elle aussi, pour mission de garantir une protection juridique en droit international aux communautés. Néanmoins, dans ce processus de protection du patrimoine culturel immatériel, en particulier lors de la collecte des données, les communautés n’échappent toujours pas au danger de voir leur parole ignorée. Elles doivent parfois se confronter à une rhétorique officielle sur leur culture à laquelle elles n’adhèrent pas, d’une part, et aux collectes numérisées des données qui peuvent poser des problèmes de sensibilité culturelle, d’autre part. Dans cette circonstance, le principe de CLPE peut proposer une protection aux communautés, réduire les risques d’utilisation déformante et culturellement offensante, et à un certain degré éviter la divulgation de secrets culturels, parfois susceptible aussi d’être secrets commerciaux. De même, les États peuvent aussi bénéficier de ce principe pour diminuer les risques d’ingérence dans l’exercice de leur mission de protection du patrimoine. Aujourd’hui, devant la tension du droit à l’autodétermination, le recours à des dispositions législatives internes semble encore le moyen à privilégier pour la mise en oeuvre du principe de CLPE dans le domaine du patrimoine culturel immatériel. Pour mieux appliquer la surveillance de « sortie » que ce principe de CLPE propose, les États devraient, à travers un processus « descendant » en droit international, définir les procédures et conditions claires de dévoilement d’information, et instaurer le CLPE en tant qu’obligation de résultat dans leurs législations internes.
La page féminine du Devoir, un « espace public alternatif » ? Une étude de cas des mécanismes d’exclusion et de contrôle du « féminin » et du « féminisme » dans le quotidien (1965-1975)1
Authors: Tanguay Marilou
Published: November 2019

Cet article s’intéresse à la présence des thématiques féminines et féministes dans Le Devoir entre 1965 et 1975 afin de démontrer que la page féminine du quotidien permettait une diffusion des préoccupations des femmes dans l’espace public. Cette période permet d’analyser du même coup les impacts de l’abolition de la page féminine, en février 1971, sur l’organisation du quotidien, notamment à travers l’étude de la mise en valeur des thématiques féminines et féministes dans le journal. Il pose l’hypothèse que la baisse significative des thématiques féministes, à la suite de l’abolition de la page féminine, est le résultat d’une culture médiatique construite et reproduite comme culture masculine. Il souligne l’importance de la page féminine du quotidien, compris comme espace public alternatif, dans la diffusion des préoccupations féministes au Québec, un territoire médiatique encore bien peu exploré par la recherche.
Imaginaires géographiques de la francophonie minoritaire canadienne chez des immigrants et des réfugiés d’expression française1
Authors: Veronis Luisa , Huot Suzanne
Published: November 2019

Le rôle des représentations sociales et spatiales dans les processus d’inclusion et d’exclusion constitue un terrain d’étude privilégié pour comprendre les relations de pouvoir entre groupes dominants et dominés. Le but de cet article est de poser un regard nouveau sur cette question en adoptant le concept d’imaginaires géographiques pour examiner les représentations que des immigrants et des réfugiés d’expression française se font des communautés francophones en situation minoritaire (CFSM) au Canada. Pour ce faire, nous présentons les résultats d’une étude de cas instrumentale sur les expériences d’immigrants francophones dans deux villes comportant des CFSM en Ontario : London et Ottawa. Notre analyse met en lumière les dynamiques sociospatiales de la francophonie minoritaire canadienne telles qu’elles sont perçues par les immigrants francophones et leur rôle dans la négociation de leur appartenance.
Bases neuroendócrinas do estresse e bem-estar em peixes teleósteos
Authors: Gneiding Beatriz , Bonotto Daniela Romani , Gneiding José Eduardo Basilio Oliveira , Lucioli Joelma , França Madeira Humberto Maciel , Baldan Ana Paula
Published: November 2019

No Brasil, aproximadamente 4 milhões de pessoas estão envolvidas direta ou indiretamente com a aquicultura, a qual contribui como fonte de renda e produção de alimento. Na última década, o consumo de pescado no mundo elevou-se exponencialmente, ressaltando a preocupação quanto ao bem-estar e redução do estresse desses animais por parte de consumidores de proteína animal, pesquisadores, desenvolvedores de tecnologias e produtores. Sabe-se que o estresse nos peixes desencadeia respostas neuroendócrinas, liberando catecolaminas e cortisol. A discussão acerca do tema se dá por razões éticas e pela qualidade de vida desses seres, o que pode agregar vantagens tanto para os animais como para a produtividade em si, melhorando a reprodução, crescimento e qualidade da carne, dentre outros benefícios. O estudo da senciência em conjunto com estudos neuroanatômicos, comportamentais e fisiológicos é ferramenta importante para o conhecimento e redução da ocorrência de estresse nos diferentes manejos produtivos. Este trabalho apresenta estruturas neuroanatômicas e endócrinas de peixes como ferramenta auxiliar na caracterização do bem-estar e estresse nesses animais. A analogia entre estruturas neuronais de peixes e mamíferos, e a observação comportamental frente a diferentes estressores, suporta a ideia de que esses animais possuem graus de senciência. Desta forma, novas pesquisas objetivando a diminuição do estresse e sofrimento e visando boas práticas de manejo destes animais são essenciais para que se possa definir técnicas adequadas e humanitárias de abate.
Editor's Column
Authors: Knezic Mladen
Published: November 2019

N/A
Finite Element Design of Rotor Permanent Magnet Flux Switching Machine with Arbitrary Slot, Pole and Phase Combinations
Authors: Lekić Đorđe M. , Vukosavić Slobodan N.
Published: November 2019

A two-dimensional finite element approach for designing RPMFS (Rotor Permanent Magnet Flux Switching) machines is presented in this paper. The proposed method enables fast, accurate and computationally efficient assessment of different RPMFS machine designs with an arbitrary number of rotor poles, stator slots and stator phases. The appropriate stator winding layout is assembled for any feasible slot, pole and phase combination by employing the winding distribution table, which contributes to automating the design process. Based on the proposed method, a program is developed using the Octave FEMM (Finite Element Method Magnetics) toolbox. The program is suited for the use in the design stage, where it is necessary to determine various machine parameters for given core dimensions, terminal voltage constraints and adopted value of current density in the conductors, while taking iron saturation effects into account. Verification was carried out by simulating torque and EMF waveforms for several RPMFS machine designs.
The Protective Role of Friendship: Cross-group Friendship Mediates the Effect of Ideological Quest for Significance on Commitment to A Radical Group
Authors: Milla Mirra Noor , Hudiyana Joevarian
Published: November 2019

On the basis of the Quest for Significance theory, a person’s sense of meaning and personal significance may be obtained from ideological narratives. The more a radical ideology gives a person a sense of meaning, the less likely it is that he or she will engage in interpersonal relations and friendships with out-group members. In this study, we hypothesized that ideological quest for significance would predict commitment to a radical group and that this association would be mediated through cross-group friendship. This research was based on interviews with 241 prisoners at 59 Indonesian prisons, who were serving sentences for terrorism offenses. Mediation analysis found that higher scores on ideological quest for significance significantly predicted lower scores on cross-group friendship, and lower scores on cross-group friendship significantly predicted higher scores on commitment to a radical group. There was a significant direct effect of ideological quest for significance on commitment to a radical group and a significant indirect effect using the bootstrapping method. This suggested that the effect of ideological quest for significance on commitment to a radical group was partially mediated by cross-group friendship.
Norske menn og etternamnsval i heterofile forhold
Authors: Grønstad Line Førre
Published: November 2019

Medan talet på norske kvinner som bytar til sin mannlege partnars etternamn har minka dei siste 15 åra, står talet på norske menn som tek etternamnet til ein kvinneleg partnar stabilt på 5-6%, også i 2018, i følgje ei undersøking gjennomført i høve doktorgradsprosjektet mitt. Eg undersøker forteljingar om etternamn frå 63 mannlege bytarar og 97 menn som har heldt på oppvekstnamnet sitt, samla inn, hovudsakleg gjennom kvalitative spørjelister med supplerande intervju.

Fleire mønster er tydelege på tvers av forteljingane. Oppfatningar av tradisjonar speler inn for begge gruppene med menn. Det same gjer ulike forståingar av identitet. Medan individ blant begge gruppene med menn kom inn på temaet likestilling i sine forteljingar, var det berre bytarane som var innom humor på kostnad av etternamnsvalet sitt i sine forteljingar. Måtane dei ulike mønstra kom til synes i forteljingane på, varierte mellom dei to gruppene med menn, men også innanfor dei to gruppene kunne det vere stor variasjon i kva og korleis mønstra vart vektlagd og tillagt meining. Bak ligg ulike forståingar av kva som inngjekk, og kunne inngå, i det mannlege og umannlege.

Mest sentralt hos flest sto likevel kjernefamilien og oppvekstfamilien. Med hovudvekt på forteljingar om forholdet til familien, går eg i dette innlegget nærare inn på menn sine etternamnsval. Eg søker å svare på: Korleis speler familien inn i etternamnsvala? Korleis spela vektinga av, og innanfor, dei ulike mønstra inn i at nokon valde å byte namn medan andre ikkje gjorde det? Og vidare: Korleis skilde gruppa med bytarar seg frå gruppa med menn som heldt på oppvekstnamnet sitt?
Characteristics of an infrared sensor formed with a few molecular layers of vinylidene fluoride oligomers with in situ poling during vacuum evaporation
Authors: Sutani Yohei , Fukushima Tatsuya , Koshiba Yasuko , Horike Shohei , Kodani Tetsuhiro , Kanemura Takashi , Ishida Kenji
Published: November 2019

Perpendicularly oriented vinylidene fluoride oligomer thin films with six molecular layers were poled during vacuum evaporation (in situ poling) using a micro-gapped comb-like electrode, and their pyroelectric characteristics were investigated. The extent of polarization achieved with in situ poling performed by applying a low electric field (7.7 MV m−1) is the same as that achieved by conventional post-poling with the application of a high electric field (>100 MV m−1). Despite using a film with a few molecular layers, the in situ poled sensor showed pyroelectric response without the use of an infrared ray absorption layer; voltage sensitivity of 198 V W−1 was obtained, which is much higher than that of the post-poled sensor (∼16 V W−1). The improvement in sensitivity is attributed to the amount of charge injected during the poling treatment.
They Will Have Their Game
Authors: Cohen Kenneth
Published: November 2019

They Will Have Their Game explores how sports, drinking, gambling, and theater produced a sense of democracy while also reinforcing racial, gender, and class divisions in early America. Drawing on unparalleled research into the personal papers of the investors behind sporting events, Cohen demonstrates how investors, participants, and professional performers from all sorts of backgrounds saw these "sporting" activities as stages for securing economic and political advantage over others. The book tracks the evolution of this fight for power from 1760 to 1860, showing how elites gradually conceded their hopes for exclusive gentility and embraced a more democratic and commercial mass sporting culture while maintaining power by agreeing to limit access according to race and gender as well as incubating respect for wealth and offices won on the allegedly open and level playing fields of electoral “races” and the “game” of business. Compelling narratives about individual participants illustrate the negotiations by which sporting discourse and experience created opportunities for self-assertion across class, racial, and gender boundaries even as they also normalized economic and political inequality along those lines. In the end, Cohen’s arguments question the influence of ideas such as “gentility” and “respectability” in the standard narrative of commercial popular culture, and put men like P.T. Barnum at the end instead of the beginning of the process, unveiling a new take on the creation of the white male republic of the early nineteenth century that puts sporting activities at the center rather than the margins of economic and political history.
Sexual Politics and Feminist Science
Authors: Leng Kirsten
Published: November 2019

Sexual Politics and Feminist Science examines German-speaking women’s heretofore-neglected contributions to the rethinking of sex, gender, and sexuality taking place within sexology between 1900 and 1933. At a time when sex and gender were sites of intense political contestation, women engaged with new medico-scientific paradigms for understanding sex in order to theorize bodies, drives, and desires in ways that challenged the status quo, refuted misogynistic scientific pronouncements, and imagined new possibilities for gendered and sexual subjectivities. While pointing out sexology’s empowering feminist potential, Sexual Politics and Feminist Science also explores the ways in which women’s efforts to understand sex through science were laced with cognitive biases and sociological prejudices that ultimately circumscribed the transformative potential of their ideas. Sexual Politics and Feminist Science thus seeks to excavate the full range of sexology’s discursive effects and contend with the complex legacy of women’s scientized sexual theories.
Dying to Work
Authors: Karmel Jonathan D.
Published: November 2019

Dying to Work is a collection of short stories from and about workers who were injured or killed on the job. The stories are bookended by a brief history of safety laws that still today leave millions of workers without effective compensation and employers without any meaningful incentive to keep their workers safe. In the last part of the book, Dying to Work attempts to provide some answers to questions about worker safety, and to offer policy suggestions that may make American workers safer and employers more accountable. In the end, Dying to Work insists that Americans change their mindset that workplace death and injuries are caused by accidents.
Working the System
Authors: Schubert Jon
Published: November 2019

Offering the first long-term ethnographic study of Angola since the end of its decades-long internal conflict, this book offers an empirically and analytically innovative perspective that balances the ‘Africa rising’ narrative pervading mainstream media reports of post-war Angola, and complicates the clientelist account of Angolan politics that predominates in academic literature. It does so by privileging an ethnographic approach rooted in urban life to capture the radical social and spatial dynamics of everyday life in its capital, Luanda. By working through the emic notion of the system (o sistema), this study pays attention to both the material practices and the symbolic repertoires mobilized in the co-production of the political. Examining the functioning of the system through the eyes of its users, the book therefore builds upon, and extends anthropology’s critique of dominance as something produced by a group of select individuals, and investigates instead what it means and how it feels to live in and be part of such a polity.
Stopping the Bomb
Authors: Miller Nicholas L.
Published: November 2019

This book examines the historical development and effectiveness of US efforts to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons. Drawing on hundreds of declassified documents, the first part of the book shows how the anticipation of nuclear domino effects in the 1960s and 1970s led the United States to strengthen its nonproliferation policy, moving from a selective approach—which was relatively permissive toward allies acquiring nuclear weapons—and toward a more universal policy that opposed proliferation across the board. Most notably, Washington spearheaded the establishment of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty in 1968 and adopted sanctions legislation in the late 1970s that credibly threatened to cut off support to countries seeking nuclear weapons. The second part of the book analyzes how effective these policies have been in limiting the spread of nuclear weapons. Statistical analysis suggests that a credible threat of sanctions has deterred countries dependent on the United States from even starting nuclear weapons programs over the last several decades. Meanwhile, in-depth case studies of French, Taiwanese, Pakistani, and Iranian nuclear activities illustrate the conditions under which sanctions succeed against ongoing nuclear weapons programs. The findings hold important implications for international security and nonproliferation policy.
Comparison of Vitamin C Content of Commercially Available Fresh Fruits
Authors: Popova Aneta
Published: November 2019

Aims: The aim of the current paper is to identify the ascorbic acid level in ten commercially available fruits in order to expand the existing database about fruits rich in Vitamin C and to promote their daily consumption.

Study Design:  Research was conducted experimentally.

Place and Duration of Study: University of food technologies, Plovdiv, Bulgaria, October 2019.

Methodology: Ascorbic acid levels were determined with the use of two oxidation-reduction titration methods – Dichlorophenoliodophenol (DCPIP) and N-Bromosuccinimide (NBS).

Results: All studies samples possessed different amounts of ascorbic acid. Both DCPIP and NBS assay resulted in determining strawberries as the fruit with the highest ascorbic acid levels – 55.1 ± 1.6 mg/100 g and 59.8 ± 2.2 mg/100 g respectively. Lowest values were obtained for fig. All results are commensurable to those obtained in other studies. Ascorbic acid levels were as follows: strawberries > grapefruit > pear > green apple > blueberries > quince > banana > plum > white grapes > fig.

Conclusion: In this study, ten commercially available fruits were studied for their ascorbic acid levels. Comparison between two titration methods showed moderate differences in the results confirming that the NBS method is more sensitive. All reported data confirms that differences occur, but fruits can be considered sources of vitamin C.
Assessment of Procurement Plan in the Nigeria Construction Industry: A Case of Selected Firms in Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Authors: Emekoma C. C.
Published: November 2019

The Procurement plan and procedure in Nigeria have gone through a number of changes, with main objective of reducing or at best eliminating corruption in public procurement, realizing values for money, efficiency in procurement process among others. The data of assessment of procurement plan in the Nigerian construction industry was collected through administrating questionnaire to selected members of the companies and was analyzed using three statistical tools, namely; percentage analysis, chi-square and measures of dispersion. The table from which was  drawn the  analysis of  assessment of procurement  plan in the Nigeria construction industry reveal that  among the professionals who responded to the questionnaire 27.6% are members of the Nigeria Institute of Quality Surveyors (NIQS) , 13.2% belong to the Nigeria Institute of Architects (NIA), and 22.4% belong to the Nigeria institute of Builders (NIOB), while 3.9% are members of Nigeria Society of Engineers (NSE), those who belong to other professional body other  than the those above are 9.2% and 23.7% are not registered with any professional body. From the chi-square test of independence, it was found that at 5% level of significance opinion of respondents is not independent of their professional background. The Likert summary table also show reveal the following (i) procurement system affect project cost (ii) procurement system affect quality of work (iii) procurement plans affect design team performance. Also, the statements with low variance and standard deviation are more reliable than those with high variance and standard deviation. Therefore, on commencement of construction projects consultant must advise their clients on the building procurement system available.
Assessing the Role of Gender in Identifying and Prioritizing Local Ecosystem Services of Trees in Croplands
Authors: Tassew Tuemay , Eyasu Gebru
Published: November 2019

The overall objective of the study was to assess and compare the role of gender in identifying and prioritizing the ecosystem services of trees in croplands. The research was carried out in croplands and species inventory in each cropland was conducted during field observations of every tree species by interviewing the local farmers and/or villagers. A questionnaire containing both close-ended and open-ended questions were designed to collect information about the role of gender in identifying and prioritizing the ecosystem services supplied by each tree species in croplands based on local communities. A total of 15 ecosystem services were identified from trees in croplands by both men and women. The number and type of ecosystem services identified by men and women were different. The differences could be due to different access and benefits from ecosystem services. As a result, their perception and knowledge of ecosystem services could also vary. After identification of each ecosystem service, a paired two-tail t-test was conducted whether the list of individual score values given to each local ecosystem services identified by both men and women were the same or not. The statistical result of the paired t-test showed that the score values of all the ecosystem services that are only identified by both men and women were not statistically significant. This can imply that the commonly identified ecosystem services have more or less similar importance to men and women. The findings in this research demonstrate that ecosystem services identification might cause gender biases on women due to neglected control and access to the ecosystem services of trees in croplands which in turn could have an impact on tree resource management, conservation, and development interventions. Therefore, integrating women in ecosystem service access and control can help build various experiences of gender and balanced institutions which can aid collective and effective tree and forest resource management and to maximize the benefits for all beneficiaries of the ecosystem services.
Two negatively charged invariant residues influence ligand binding and conformational dynamics of 14‐3‐3ζ
Authors: Modi Kruti , Dalvi Somavally , Venkatraman Prasanna
Published: November 2019

14‐3‐3 proteins bind and modulate the activities of a wide variety of phosphoproteins. Crystal structures of 14‐3‐3 isoforms bound to phospholigands have identified several residues important for ligand binding. Here, we report the role of two invariant residues, D124 and E131, in peptide binding and peptide‐induced conformational changes of the binding pocket. Surprisingly, the D124A mutation abrogates peptide binding, while the E131A mutation results in a twofold increase in peptide affinity. The mutants are less stable than the wild‐type protein, and peptide binding restores native‐like stability to the E131A mutant. This reversibility is lost in the more open structure of D124A. Based on these results, we infer that E131 is a regulator of protein plasticity and D124 is the guardian of the active site geometry.
Lying about flying: The efficacy of the information protocol and model statement for detecting deceit
Authors: Vrij Aldert , Leal Sharon , Deeb Haneen , Chan Stephanie , Khader Majeed , Chai Whistine , Chin Jeffery
Published: November 2019

Due to time constraints, interviews aimed to detect deception in airport settings should be brief and veracity assessments should be made in real time. In two experiments carried out in the departure hall of an international airport, truth tellers were asked to report truthfully their forthcoming trip, whereas liars were asked to lie about the purpose of their trip. In Experiment 1, we examined five verbal cues that we thought had potential to discriminate truth tellers from liars in short airport interviews: elaboration in disclosing information, checkable details, how many people are aware of the trip, complications, and plausibility. In Experiment 2, we attempted to improve the interview protocol by adding a second interview phase in which we introduced an information protocol and model statement. All five cues differentiated truth tellers from liars in both experiments, but the information protocol and model statement did not enhance these differences.
The influence of an emotional processing strategy on visual threat detection by police trainees and officers
Authors: Williot Alexandre , Blanchette Isabelle
Published: November 2019

Threat detection is an important skill for police officers, but few studies have examined the impact of processing strategies on this ability. The first aim of our study was to compare the visual detection of threatening and neutral targets in 38 police trainees and 53 police officers. The other aims were to examine the effect of emotional or semantic strategies on this process and the effect of psychopathological symptoms. In a visual search task, participants had to detect a threatening or neutral target among neutral distractors. Participants answered a question used to induce a more emotional or semantic processing strategy. Results revealed that threatening targets were detected faster than neutral ones. This effect was enhanced with an emotional processing strategy but unaffected by symptoms. Processing strategy also had led to faster reaction time overall. This study shows that inducing processing strategies can influence threat detection in police trainees and officers.