bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Traceological Study of Stone Tools in the Settlement of Saka Time Abilay, Central Kazakhstan
Authors:   Scientific Research Center for History and Archaeology Begazy-Tasmola, Beisenov Arman Z. , Gorashchuk Igor V. ,   JSC VolgoNIIgiprozem, Duysenbay Daniyar B. ,   Eurasian National University named after L.N. Gumilyov
Published: October 2021

According to modern data, about 60 small settlements have been discovered on the territory of Central Kazakhstan, dating back to the time of the Tasmola culture (VIII–V centuries BC). Since 2016, annual excavations have been carried out at the Abylai settlement, which is located in the Karaganda region. In the excavation area, in addition to fragments of pottery and animal bones, over 480 stone tools were found. In the fall of 2020, for the first time, traceological studies of stone tools were carried out, the results of which are reflected in this article. Of the 150 copies, 139 were identified as functions. Of these, 130 tools were used in various industries. According to quantitative data, tools for cultivating the land are in first place – 57.3%, followed by tools for processing vegetation (24.5%), leatherworking (10.2%), for straightening metal products (whetstones, 8%). It is planned to continue the ongoing research on stone tools.
Radiocarbon Chronology of Chuzhjajol Culture
Authors:   Institute of Language, Literature and History of the Komi Scientific Center. Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Karmanov Victor N. , Zaretskaya Natalia E. ,   Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Geological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: October 2021

Authors summarize and analyze the data on the 14C chronology of the Chuzhjajol culture in the Far northeast of the Europe (the Komi Republic and the Nenets Autonomous Okrug or the basins of the Pechora, Vychegda and Mezen rivers). As a result of the study of dwellings at the sites Vadniur I/7A, Vadniur I/5 and Muchkas, 17 new dates were obtained and its most probable age was determined within the framework of 4th – mid. 3rd millennium BC. These data make possible to attribute more convincingly the earliest manifestations of the Chuzhjajol traditions in the region to the Neolithic, and their further development to the Chalcolithic. However, evidence of metalworking at the sites of this culture has not been identified, and its dynamics is so far expressed only in pottery: the use of natural organic inclusions in clay and the simplification of the design of «lips». This probably indicates a connection with the bearers of porous ceramics of the Garino tradition. It was determined that dwellings of the Vadniur type on the Vychegda and Mezen rivers are the oldest structures in Northern Eurasia with a complex system of ventilation and heating of living space in the form of horizontal channels connected with fireplaces. The materials obtained as a result of the excavation of the basic complexes of the Chuzhjajol culture allows to date those using different materials and to determine the possibilities of using geochronometric methods on the archaeological sites of the taiga zone. The total volume of the obtained information determines the problem of finding the origins of Chuzhjajol traditions of housebuilding, flint knapping and pottery, which are unique for the region under study.
Stratigraphy And Paleolithic Landscapes of the Beganchik Site at the Kama-Volga Confluence
Authors:   Oklahoma State University, Cordova Carlos E. , Vyazov Leonid A. ,   Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Blinnikov Mikhail S. ,   St. Cloud State University, Ponomarenko Elena V. ,   Ottawa University, Ponomarenko Dmitry S. ,   Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Science, Sitdikov Airat G. ,   Institute of Archaeology named after A. Kh. Khalikov, Tatarstan Academy of Sciences,   Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Salova Yulia A.
Published: October 2021

The Beganchik locality is a stratigraphic sequence of loessic deposits, pedogenic horizons and Paleolithic occupations located at the Kama-Volga confluence. The sequence is exposed on a bluff formed on the west side of an erosional remnant between the Kuybyshev Reservoir and the former channel of the Aktay River. Although the site is known for its Terminal Paleolithic-Mesolithic occupations of the Pleistocene-Holocene transition, evidence of older occupations and remains of fauna has been identified. Our research team identified evidence of human presence associated with a pedogenic horizon of MIS 3 age. Two AMS radiocarbon ages from a hearth produced ages around 47 000 years BP. Pollen and phytoliths from two soils horizons, including the one associated with the hearths indicate a steppe environment coincident with the formation of correlative soils elsewhere in the Russian Plain.
Low Prevalence of Thrombosis Prophylaxis Dose Adjustments Highlights Implications for Patient Safety
Authors: Hawkins W. Anthony , Smith Susan E. , Stitt Tia M. , Abdulla Aliya , Branan Trisha N. , Hall Ronald G.
Published: October 2021

Background: Pharmacologic thromboprophylaxis (PTP) is the mainstay prevention strategy for venous thromboembolism (VTE). PTP agents traditionally dosed, like unfractionated heparin (UFH) and enoxaparin (ENOX), are associated with failure and bleeding in obese and underweight patients, respectively.
Objectives: This study aimed to describe the prevalence of unadjusted ENOX and UFH dosing for PTP based on anthropometric measures.
Patients/Methods: This was a post-hoc, multicenter, cross–sectional analysis of critically ill adults receiving PTP with ENOX or UFH. The primary outcome was the prevalence of unadjusted PTP based on body mass index (BMI) and total body weight (TBW). Definitions for dose adjustments were developed based on existing literature. A secondary outcome was to identify factors associated with unadjusted dosing per BMI and TBW using multivariable generalized linear mixed-effect models.
Results: The nested cohort included 172 patients (ENOX=46, UFH=126). Unadjusted PTP was observed in 118 patients (68.6%) based on BMI and 74 (43%) per TBW. When comparing UFH to ENOX, more patients who received UFH had doses unadjusted by BMI (78.6% vs. 41.3%, p<0.05) but not TBW (43.7% vs. 41.3%). Factors independently associated with unadjusted PTP per BMI were receipt of UFH (OR 6.93, 95% CI 1.06-8.77) or a BMI underweight or overweight/obese (OR 10.45, 95% CI 4.38-24.92). Having a TBW <50kg or >100kg (OR 4.85, 95% CI 2.15-10.96) were independently associated with unadjusted PTP based on TBW.
Conclusions: Unadjusted dosing of PTP occurs frequently in critically ill adults receiving ENOX or UFH. This was seen in body size extremes by both BMI and TBW.
From ‘pacification’ to ‘licence-to-kill’: Favela residents’ experience with the UPP from 2011-2018
Authors: Håndlykken-Luz Åsne
Published: October 2021

This article draws on longitudinal ethnographic fieldwork to explore residents’ everyday experiences of urban militarisation in a ‘pacified’ favela in Brazil. The findings indicate some residents’ satisfaction with the police pacification unit (UPP) during its first years, when weapons were taken off the street. However, since 2017, shootouts have occurred daily, and favela residents now state that they feel like hostages between the police and traffickers and believe that the UPP never worked. I argue that the pacification programme operates drawing on ‘coloniality of power’, while unfolding new forms of militarisation/pacification as a changing-same, increasingly ‘borderising bodies’, as Mbembe writes. Simultaneously, as bodies are increasingly being borderised by the work of death, the struggles to decolonise territories also unfolds beyond the physical borders. The increased legitimisation of militarisation towards the urban poor draws on a ‘racial axis’, wherein certain bodies are seen as threats becoming contested ‘borders’.
Pengaruh Cash Ratio (CR), Total Asset Turnover (TATO), Return On Assets (ROA) Terhadap Dividend Payout Ratio (DPR) Pada Perusahaan Sektor Aneka Industri dan Industri Barang Konsumsi yang Terdapat di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2013-2017
Authors: Lindi Lindi , Paramitha Yulia , Sitepu Hera Eria Br , Tampubolon Sri Devi Erawati , Ginting Wenny Anggeresia , Purba Mohd. Nawi
Published: October 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of Cash Ratio, Total Asset Turnover and Return On Assets on Dividend Payout Ratio in the Various Industries and Consumer Goods Industry found on the Indonesian Stock Exchange. The populations of this study were all companies in the various goods industries and consumer goods industry in the Indonesia Stock Exchange of 85 companies in the period 2013-2017. The technique of determining the sample used is purposive sampling. The samples obtained are 23 companies incorporated in the various goods industry and consumer goods industry sectors in the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2013-2017. The data analysis technique used is the classic assumption test and multiple linear regression analysis with the help of SPSS 20. Based on the analysis, the results show that Cash Ratio and Total Asset Turnover have no significant effect on Dividend Payout Ratio, while Influential Return On Assets gives positive and significant effect on the Dividend Payout Ratio.Keywords : Cash Ratio, Total Asset Turnover, Sales, Return On Assets, Dividend Payout Ratio
Expression of PD-L1 in Relation to Intrinsic Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer in Hainan Free Trade Port, China
Authors:   Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, China, CD Feng , Y Zhang ,   Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, USA, ZP Xu ,   Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Australia, BY Gao ,   Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, China, Y Wang ,   Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, China, SJ Wang ,   Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, China, TF Xu ,   Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, China
Published: October 2021

Background: Intrinsic molecular subtype and histological grade are closely related to clinical prognosis in breast cancer. However, their relationship with Programmed Cell Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression is not very clear, particularly for Hainan Aboriginal patients. Herein, this research aims to reveal the relationship between PD-L1 expression and intrinsic molecular subtypes of breast cancer. Methods: 225 breast tumor samples from female patients were analyzed for PD-L1 expression using the Immunohistochemistry (IHC) method. The PDL1 expression level was detected by IHC and the relationship between the expression and clinical parameters was analyzed statistically. Results: Positive staining of PD-L1 was mainly found in the plasma membrane. In all cases, the positive rate was 12.0% (27/225). The PD-L1 expression level was significantly reduced in Luminal A subtype (the corrected ratio OR=0.15, p=0.04) whereas increased in HER2-positive subtype (OR=4.2, p=0.01). PD-L1 was significantly related to HER2-positive subtype (p<0.05) and histological grade 3 (p<0.05). There was statistically significant association between PD-L1 expression and metastasis (p=0.046), but not with the patient’s age, the tumor stage and menstruation (p>0.05). Moreover, there was a significant difference in the frequency of intrinsic subtypes between patients with positive and negative PD-L1 expression (p<0.001) among patients with metastasis. Conclusions: PD-L1 expression in breast cancer was positively correlated with HER2-positive subtype, higher pathological grade and metastasis of breast cancer, while negatively correlated with Luminal A in female patients in Hainan, China. PD-L1 may be a new independent marker to predict the prognostic factor in HER2-positive subtype breast cancer.
Early Childhood Caries Experience Associated with Upper Respiratory Infection in US Children: Findings from a Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors:   Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, A Albelali , TT Wu ,   Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester, Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, H Malmstrom ,   Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, J Xiao ,   Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Both Early Childhood Caries (ECC) and Upper Respiratory Infection (URI) are infectious diseases. The oral cavity is considered a potential reservoir of respiratory pathogens due to the anatomical proximity between the oral cavity and respiratory system, which implies a potential association between ECC and URI. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the association between ECC experience and URI incidence in preschool children. Methods: This retrospective cohort study collected data via electronic health records. The exposure was ECC before 3 years of age. The dependent variable was the incidence of URI between 4-6 years of age. To analyze the factors associated with the time-to-event of URI, we used log-rank tests and Cox regression models to compare the survival of URI between the ECC and Caries- Free (CF) groups, adjusting factors including demographic-socioeconomic characteristics and medical conditions. To analyze factors associated with the number of URI episodes, we used negative binomial regression models adjusting for factors mentioned above. Results: A total of 497 US preschool children were included, with 117 ECC and 380 CF children. More children with ECC (58.1%) developed URI than the CF group (47.6%) during the follow-up period (4-6 years of age) (p=0.04). The ECC children were at 1.6 times higher risk to develop URI than the CF children even after accounting for other URI risk factors (Hazard Ratio 1.57 (1.13, 2.10), p=0.007). Conclusions: Our study suggests a potential association between ECC and URI, with an inference that early life ECC experience could be used as a predictor for developing URI in preschool age. The causal relationship between ECC and URI incidence in young children needs to be investigated through future studies.
A study of evaluation of anterior segment changes in eyes with pseudo exfoliation syndrome including anterior chamber depth status of lens anterior chamber angle preoperatively
Authors:   Consultant, Department of Ophthalmology, BDBA Municipal Hospital, Kandivali West, INDIA., Surlikar Girish
Published: October 2021

Background: Pseudoexfoliation syndrome is an important ocular manifestation of a systemic disease, found to be common in cataract patients as well as in 50% of glaucoma patients. Present study was intended to assess the profile of Pseudoexfoliation syndrome and evaluate the surgical outcome of Manual Small Incision Cataract Surgery in Pseudoexfoliative eyes. Material and Methods: Present study was prospective, observational, hospital-based study, conducted in patients with age more than 50 years, with Pseudoexfoliation, admitted for cataract surgery, posted for Manual Small incision cataract surgery(MSICS). All patients underwent a manual small incision cataract surgery, and visual outcomes of the procedures were recorded on the first postoperative day. Results: In present study, maximum numbers of patients were from the age group of 70-79 years (62.5%) and 56 (70%) patients were males and 24 (30%) were females. In this study of 80 patients with Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome, 60 patients had Bilateral Pseudoexfoliation i.e. 120 eyes (85.71%) while 20 patients had Unilateral Pseudoexfoliation i.e. 20 eyes (14.29%). In majority of the eyes 111 (79.29%) had involvement of lens with Pseudoexfoliation while 109 (77.86%) had pupillary involvement. Mean Anterior Chamber Depth in Pseudoexfoliative eyes was 2.50±0.22 mm. Majority of the eyes i.e. 74 (52.9%) were having IOP between 16 – 20 mm Hg. 61 eyes (43.6%) had IOP between 11 – 15 mm Hg. 80 eyes of 80 patients underwent MSICS, 17 (21.25%) patients developed Intraoperative Complications. Conclusion: There is significant association between Pseudoexfoliation syndrome and age, male preponderance and bilateral involvement of eyes. MSICS provides significant improvement in visual outcome in patients with Pseudoexfoliation syndrome with cataract.
O aprendiz de PLAc em situação de refúgio: o que a “voz” da docência revela
Authors: Lôpo Ramos Ana Adelina , Oliveira das Neves Aline Cristina
Published: October 2021

O aprendiz de Português como Língua de Acolhimento (PLAc) tem sido uma realidade, cada vez mais, frequente em escolas públicas brasileiras. Este artigo apresenta uma análise da “voz” docente de duas professoras-colaboradoras sobre o desafio pedagógico em atender a esse público-alvo. O aporte teórico-metodológico fundamenta-se na Análise de Discurso Crítica (ADC), precisamente as contribuições de Fairclough (2001), observando aspectos de sua representação como profissional, da representação que elas têm de seus alunos e de como percebem o Brasil como um país acolhedor. Além disso, os estudos de Barbisan e Megid (2018) e de Clandinin e Rosiek (2007), sobre narrativas são os pilares deste trabalho. Comenta-se rapidamente Língua de Acolhimento (LAc), à luz de Ançã (2008; 2013), Audras et al. (2020), Barbosa e São Bernardo (2017), entre outros. Os resultados revelam representações que demandam modus operandi peculiares a um público que necessita de acolhimento.
The Determinants of Audit Quality: A Study Using the Approach of Earnings Surprise Benchmark
Authors: Yendrawati Reni , Putra Arifin Praditya , Asmara Rina
Published: October 2021

This study aims to find empirical evidence regarding the influence of audit tenure, audit firm rotation, audit firm industry specialization, and time budget pressure on audit quality. This research is a quantitative research using secondary data in the form of financial statements. This study uses a population of manufacturing companies in the consumer goods sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2015-2017. The sampling was done by using a non-probability method with a purposive sampling technique. The number of samples used in this study is 34 companies. The data analysis method used is a logistic regression analysis method using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21. The results of this study indicate that audit tenure and audit firm rotation have no effect on audit quality, PAF industry specialization has a positive effect on audit quality, time budget pressure has a negative effect on audit quality.
Preliminary investigation of the chemo diversity of bioactive molecules produced by endophytic fungi isolated from Manihot utilisima leaf
Authors: Ugochukwu Moses Okezie  , Peter Maduabuchi Eze  , Festus Basden Chiedu Okoye  , Charles Okechukwu Esimone
Published: October 2021

Endophytic fungi have demonstrated a harmless relationship living within the internal tissues of several plant hosts and at the same time produce diverse important bioactive compounds having a wide range of pharmaceutical applicability. In this study, nine endophytic fungi, eight from Cassava leaf: Clg1, Clg2, Clr4, Clr5, Clr6, Clr7, Clr9 and one from Cassava mid-rib: CRs3 with distinct cultural features were isolated from healthy leaves of Manihot utilisima and axenic cultures were fermented on sterile rice medium for 21 days. The antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the fungal crude extracts were evaluated. Chemical analyses of the metabolic profiles of each fungal extract revealed the presence of nine known compounds with established biological activities. Each fungal extract exhibited antimicrobial activities against at least one Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria with an inhibition zone that ranged from 2 – 6 mm. Clg2 and CRs3 fungal extracts demonstrated moderate potential to scavenge free radical with an inhibition of 58 and 60% respectively. Septicine, cyclo(prolylvalyl), pentenedioc acid, neurolenin B, rubrofusarin, p-Hydroxybenzoic acid, protocatechuic acid, citreoisocoumarin, palitantin and pestalio pyrone were the compounds detected in the fungal fermentation products. Our findings reveal that M. utilisima leaves harbor endophytic fungi with unique chemodiversity of bioactive secondary metabolites needed for development of new drugs.
Effect of Solanum gilo leaf extract on some haematological indices of albino Wistar rats
Authors: Nsimah Monday Essien  , Justina Nwadimma Nwangwa  , Charles Cyprian Mfem  , Johnbull Martins Uket  , Efiok Aniekan Archibong
Published: October 2021

Solanum gilo (eggplant) is an edible vegetable whose leaf is reported to possess numerous medicinal properties due to its rich constituents. Against this backdrop, there is possibility that its consumption may have effect on haematological indices. Therefore this research sought to assess the effect of Solanum gilo leaf diet on some haemotological indices of albino wistar rats. About twenty four (24) albino wistar rats weighing between 120-150mg were randomly assigned into four groups of six animals each. Each rat was allowed to drinking water ad labitum. Control group received normal rodent chow while group 2 was fed 5% Solanum gilo diet. Group 3 was fed 10% Solanum gilo diet and group 4 received 20% Solanum gilo diet. The different diets were prepared by mixing different proportions of ground S. gilo leaves with rodent chow. Automated blood cell analyzer (Model PCE 210, Japan) was used for analysis of haematological parameters. Preliminary study on its proximate composition, showed the appreciable presence of crude fat, protein, fibre and carbohydrate. Consumption of S. gilo caused significant improvement in some blood parameters; notably packed cell volume (PCV), white blood cell (WBC) and platelet counts. Hence, eggplant is a nutritious vegetable with healing, the therapeutic and immunity properties. If exploited in human diet has the potentials of improving quality of life.
Pattern of adverse events following immunization among recipients of first dose of ChAdOx1-S [recombinant] Covid-19 vaccine in a resource-limited country
Authors: Azubuike Benjamin Nwako  , Okechukwu Francis Nwako  , Charles Emeka Nwolisa  , Magaret-Lorritta Chidimma Nwako  , Charles Nwaora Nwako
Published: October 2021

Background/Aim: Vaccines are said to be associated with side effects. The aim of the study was to show the pattern and distribution of adverse events following immunization observed with ChAdOx1-S [recombinant] Covid-19 vaccine after the first dose. Methodology: The study design was cross-sectional descriptive study over four weeks. We included records of 6589 high risk recipients of the vaccine and 33 of them who reported adverse events following immunization. The study used secondary data from the covid-19 vaccination register and District Health Information system II. Result: Out of 6589 individuals vaccinated with the first dose of ChAdOx1-S [recombinant] Covid-19 vaccine, 69.66% were female, 69.49% were fifty-five years or less, 86.04% were health workers and 27.26% had comorbidity. Only 0.5% of those vaccinated reported adverse events following immunization out of which 0.41% was systemic, 0.06% local and 0.03% allergic reactions. The commonest systemic side effects were headache and dizziness while local adverse events had pain at injection site as the commonest side effect. Multiple swelling in the buttock and swelling of the face and lip were the only two cases of allergic reactions reported. Eighty-eight percent of those who reported side effects did so on the day of vaccination. Conclusion The study reported less adverse events with the first dose of ChAdOx1-S [recombinant] Covid-19 vaccine than in other studies which included headache, dizziness and pain at the injection site. Most were reported in the first day of vaccination. There is need for encouraging vaccine recipients to report any adverse events following immunization.
Knowledge and awareness about occupational therapy among healthcare professionals in Al-Ahsa
Authors: Senthil Vadivel  , Paramasivan Mani  , Nawaf Al Anezi  , Mohammed Hamad Al Subaie  , Abdullah Fahad Al Mulhim  , Mohammed Khalid Al Mulhim  , Omar Abdullah Al Yemeni
Published: October 2021

Introduction and Aim: Occupational Therapy (OT) is a health care profession in which assist persons with physical, mental, or cognitive impairments through the therapeutic use of daily activities. In addition, the therapeutic use of everyday life activities (occupations) is aimed to enable the individual or groups to involve them in roles, customs and routines in home, college, place of business, society, and other settings by occupational therapist [1]. OT considers the only health care profession that enables people to do the activities they want and important for them via the therapeutic use of everyday activities [2]. Occupational therapists capacitate people of all ages to assist them by enhancing their health and inhibiting or adjusting with the injury, illness, or disability [3]. The aim of the study is to evaluate the knowledge of Occupational Therapy among healthcare professionals of National Guard Health Affairs in Al-Ahsa. Method: The study is cross-sectional study; the research was conducted in National Guard Health Affairs in Al-Ahsa. The healthcare provider’s knowledge about OT was assessed by the survey. The questionnaire consisted of seventy-five closed statements in five different aspects. The five-point Likert Scale (1=strongly disagree and 5=strongly agree) was used to measure the healthcare provider’s knowledge about OT. Results: The total numbers of participants were 218 participants, and 167 participants completed the survey showing a high response rate of 76.6%. The study found that the total knowledge among healthcare professionals about OT is moderate. Conclusion: The healthcare professionals of National Guard Health Affairs in Al-Ahsa have a moderate to minimal knowledge about OT. Further studies are needed on the importance of developing OT in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in general and in Al-Ahsa in particular.
North American apple-tree species: sources of useful agronomic traits for breeding
Authors: Barsukova O. N.
Published: October 2021

The results of studying the collection of North American apple-tree species are presented. Forms with a whole set of traits interesting for breeding are highlighted, including such features as late flowering schedule, disease resistance, long shelf life of fruits, etc. In addition, the small-fruited ornamental apple-tree (crab apple) accessions obtained from North American species are briefly described, and the most valuable of them are recommended for practical uses.
SIMPLIFIED MODEL OF LINEAR INERTIAL MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS
Authors: Poliarus Oleksandr , Medvedovska Yana , Poliakov Yevhen , Chepusenko Yevhenii , Zharko Yurii
Published: October 2021

Problem. To increase the metrological reliability of measuring systems at technical objects, the number of sensors measuring the same process parameter is increased to several units and a model of a multi-channel measuring system is synthesized. This synthesis is usually based on the use of Markov's theory of linear filtering, but the presence of a connection between the input and output signals of the linear inertial system through the convolution integral significantly complicates the process of obtaining the optimal device. Goal. The aim of the article is to develop a method for approximating the integral equation of convolution, which describes a linear inertial system, and to estimate the limits of its application on the example of linear inertial sensors. Methodology. Instead of the output signal in the form of a convolution equation, the output signal, defined as the product of the input signal to an unknown time function is used. This function is represented by the Karhunen-Loev series. The distance in the functional space with a quadratic metric between these output signals is minimized  by means of a genetic algorithm and the coefficients of the series and, therefore, the unknown function itself, are determined. Results. In the simulation, the relative difference between the output signals, which were calculated from exact and simplified expressions, was determined. Realizations of stationary signals were used as input signals, and the pulse characteristics of the linear inertial system varied over a wide range. The errors of approximation of the integral convolution equation by a simple model do not exceed a few percent. Origina-lity. The approximation of the convolution equation by a simplified model of the system is original and, although it cannot be applied in a wide range of conditions, it is acceptable for a separate class of stationary signals without restrictions. The accuracy of the approximation of the convolution equation is greatest if the width of the spectrum of the input signals is less than the bandwidth of the measuring system. Practical value. The obtained connection between input and output signals based on a simplified model allows to synthesize multi-channel measuring systems using advanced Markov filtering methods for a separate class of stationary input signals. To expand the application of the method in a wide range of conditions, a set of simplified models that are created in advance can be used.
Influence of dispersed reinforcement on properties of road concrete obtained by vibropressing semi-dry mixtures
Authors: ZHYTKOVSKYI VADYM , Dvorkin Leonid
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Problem and goal. The results of research of influence of dispersed reinforcement on properties of concrete semi-dry mixes, their ability to consolidation by vibropressing and strength characteristics of the received concrete are resulted. Metodology and result. In the first stage of research, steel anchor fiber was used as a dispersed fiber, the second stage was devoted to vibropressing mixtures with basalt fiber. In order to establish the influence of the parameters of the composition of vibropressed reinforced concrete and to obtain quantitative dependences of the main properties for their use in the design of the composition, a planned experiment was conducted. The regression equations for water consumption, average density of compacted concrete mixture, compressive strength and tensile strength during splitting at the age of 28 days were obtained. The analysis of the obtained equations showed that the dispersed reinforcement of concretes from semidry mixture with steel fiber is associated with a complicated distribution of fiber, which necessitates an increase in water content, the introduction ofincreased amounts of plasticizers. Vibropressed reinforced concrete has increased values of tensile strength in splitting and compression, which allows it to be recommended for the manufacture of road elements. It was found that basalt fiber is much better distributed during mixing and, unlike steel, less interferes with compaction. Disperse reinforcement of vibropressed concrete with basalt fiber allows to obtain values of tensile strength in bending within 10…13 MPa. This strength is 40…50% lower than when using steel fiber, but when vibropressing basalt fibers are more technological: improve the molding properties, provide greater homogeneity of concrete, allow to produce products with less wall thickness and any complex configuration. Originality. The obtained mathematical models of influence of factors of composition of vibropressed fibroconcrete on its mechanical and technological properties gave the chance to offer a way of designing of structure of such concrete with maintenance of a complex of necessary parameters and the minimum cost of components.
Flow fields of a non-Newtonian fluid in vortex chamber pumps
Authors: Rogovyi Andrii , Neskorozhenyi Artem
Published: October 2021

Problem. Pumping different fluids by hydraulic transport is associated with fast wear of the pump contact surfaces. The fluids being pumped are often non-Newtonian. The use of jet pumps for pumping is impractical due to low efficiency. Vortex chamber pumps may have higher efficiency when pumping non-Newtonian fluids, however, their operation on such fluids has not yet been studied. The aim of this work is to study the characteristics of the flow fields of a non-Newtonian fluid using the example of a Bingham fluid in the vortex chamber pump. Methodology. Predicting pump energy performance and determining flow fields for highly viscous fluids using CFD simulations enables advanced jet pumps to handle non-Newtonian fluids. Results. Modeling was carried out based on the numerical solution of the RANS equations with the SST turbulence model. To ensure the operability of the vortex chamber pump when pumping non-Newtonian fluid, with known rheological parameters of the mixture, it is necessary to select the required supply pressure for the active flow, and also to consider the issue of diluting the liquid with water to reduce the mixture viscosity and achieve the specified values of the pumping energy parameters. Originality. The hypothesis that the vortex chamber supercharger can operate on a hypothetical ideal fluid has been confirmed. In this case, the performance indicators of such a supercharger improve and tend to ideal. With an increase in plastic viscosity, the volumetric flow rate of the pumped fluid decreases, and at high values of the viscosity, an active flow is ejected through the axial channels. Practical value. Researchers can use the theoretical results of this work to design new devices for pumping other Bingham fluids, such as oil paint, resins, varnishes, swamp soils, and many others.
Dynamics of the hydraulic fluid power of rotation of the hose concrete pump
Authors: Avrunin Grygoriy , Kyrychenko Igor , Shatokhin Vladimir , Shevchenko Dmitriy , Moroz Irene
Published: October 2021

Purpose. Search for ways to improve the technical level of the hydraulic fluid power of a hose concrete pump by analyzing the hydraulic schematic diagram and dynamic characteristics depending on the moment of resistance, moment of inertia and properties of the working fluid. Method. The construction of a mathematical model of the dynamics of a hydraulic fluid power is based on Newton's laws of mechanics, Pascal's law and the continuity equation for fluids. The dynamics study was implemented using the VisSim package. The results of studies of the influence of variable parameters on the rotor speed and pressure in the discharge line of the hydraulic motor are presented in graphical form. Results. It was found that in a volumetric hydraulic fluid power of a concrete pump with rotor rotation from a gerotor hydraulic motor, there are significant fluctuations in pressure and speed, due to the kinematics of the pump, temporary factors of the increase in the moment of resistance and supply of the working fluid to the hydraulic motor with the throttle method of its regulation. The ratio of the maximum and steady-state pressure values is 1,9 times obtained for hydraulic motors of different displacement. The possibilities of reducing the dynamic loading of the hydraulic fluid power by improving its hydraulic schematic diagram and control algorithm are shown. Conclusion. Recommendations have been developed for reducing dynamic loads in a hydraulic fluid power by modernizing the hydraulic circuit diagram by introducing electrohydroautomatics devices and changing the algorithm for starting and stopping the pump.
Assessment of the influence of the working fluid production on the output parameters of the transmission hydraulic motor of the front loader
Authors: Kosolapov Viktor
Published: October 2021

Problem. During the operation of the volumetric hydraulic drive of the front loader, as the surfaces of the movable interfaces of the hydraulic drive elements wear out, the gaps increase, and as a result, the leaks of the working fluid (WF) increase, and, therefore, the performance of the machine as a whole decreases. The resource of the hydraulic drive units is largely determined by the physicochemical properties of the WF, and in particular, the ability of the WF to reduce the specific load in the contact of the surfaces of the movable joints. During the operation of the transmission hydraulic drive, the aging of the fluid occurs. As a result, its operational properties deteriorate, including a decrease in the bearing capacity of the WF  lubricant film. This leads to an increase in the wear of the interface surfaces of the volumetric hydraulic drive of the transmission (VHDT) and a decrease in the productivity of the machine. Goal. Experimental studies of the influence of the working fluid production on the rate of change of the volumetric efficiency of the hydraulic motor of the volumetric hydraulic drive of the front loader transmission have been carried out. Methodology.  The tests of the MP-90 hydraulic motor were carried out at the stand. The object of the study was the hydraulic motor of the MP-90 frontal loader. Hydraulic oil MANITOU HUILE HYDRAULIQUE ISO HV46 with different operating time was used as the WF. Samples were taken from the transmission drive system of the PMTS-1200 front loader. The experimental ones were carried out under the following conditions: WF temperature, t = 323 K; rotational speed of the pump drive shaft, n = 25 s ; the operating time of the WF varied within the range of T = 0–720 motor-hours with a step of 200 motor-hours; the purity of RZ is not less than 10 class according to GOST 17216-2001; the test time was taken equal to 40 hours; pressure in the discharge line 26.5 MPa, vibration amplitude 6 MPa, vibration frequency 0.2 s. Results. It is shown that an increase in the operating time of the WF during the operation of the machine determines, other things being equal, an increase in the rate of change in the volumetric efficiency of the VHDT hydraulic motor. Originality. To prevent increased wear of the moving surfaces of the VHDT interfaces during the operation of the front-end loader, it is necessary to use WF the bearing capacity of the lubricating film which is higher than the maximum permissible value. Practical value. The use of the results of the study will increase the VHDT of the hydraulic drive elements of the front loader and reduce the rate of decrease in its productivity during its operation.
MODELING A FLUID POWER DRIVE OF THE EXCAVATOR EQUIPMENT
Authors: Yaryzhko Alexander
Published: October 2021

Problem. The hydraulic drive of modern construction and road machines is quite complex, and it takes a lot of time and effort to model the entire drive in full. However, improving the quality of design with reducing terms and costs becomes possible only with the use of modern technologies, computer hardware and software. The existing models of hydraulic system working processes in the physical modeling environment SimHydraulics are presented by block diagram layouts from standard library elements (slide valve, hydraulic pump, hydraulic cylinder, safety and reverse valves, hydraulic locks, etc.). However, they do not consider the influence of time-varying external forces, which are a reaction during transient processes in multi-link mechanical systems. Goal. The aim of the work is to develop a simulation model of the fluid power drive of the excavator working equipment mechanical system in the MATLAB & SimHydraulics package for studying the dynamics of transient processes of multilink mechanical objects. Methodology. The article describes an example of developing a physical simulation model of the excavator working equipment fluid power drive in the SimHydraulics package. Using the real technical characteristics of the hydraulic equipment of the Borex 2201 excavator, the performance of the developed model was checked and the power characteristics of the actuators were determined. Originality. Using the blocks described in the article, a simulation model of the interaction of the excavator working equipment mechanical system with its fluid power drive can be created. Practical value. The model proposed makes it possible to obtain values characterizing transient processes, including changes in the value of the generalized coordinates of the characteristic points in the working equipment, the rate of their change, and the effort in the hydraulic cylinder. A visual representation of the manipulator movement can be obtained using the SimScape built-in visualization function. The resulting model allows solving problems of analysis and synthesis of excavator operation control systems.
Determination of critical depth forces of cutting soils and energy consumption of chain scraper trench excavators
Authors: Kravets Svyatoslav , Suponyev Vladimir , Goponov Aleksej
Published: October 2021

The presented results of scientific research are aimed at solving the problem, which is associated with an increase in the productivity of the development of trenches for laying engineering communications due to the use of new less energy-intensive soil development processes with the working equipment of chain trench excavators. The aim of the work is to establish the regularities of the interaction of the working equipment of the chain scraper excavator with the soil, in which the cutters work in the critical cutting depth mode. Among the tasks that are directed to achieve the goal, it was necessary to establish the influence of soil development processes in these conditions on the technical parameters of the machine. The methodology for solving the problem is based on the idea of the theory of soil mechanics and the provisions on the critical depth of soil cutting.Applying this knowledge to the operation of the cutters of the chain excavator for cutters guarantees the consumption of the minimum specific energy and obtaining the maximum performance of the machine. Existing studies do not give a complete picture for calculating the parameters of trench excavators in which the cutters of the working body operate in the mode of critical cutting of the soil, which in turn does not allow carrying out a comprehensive calculation of the chain trench excavator and assessing the energy efficiency of its operation. The result of the research is the obtaining of theoretical dependencies for determining the cutting forces of the soil by the working body of the excavator under the conditions of the critical depth of the work of its cutters, as well as dependencies for calculating the energy indicators of the machine. The originality of the solution to the problem lies in an integrated approach, namely, it took into account not only the influence of the work of the cutters in conditions of a critical depth of cut on the technical parameters of the machine, but also the properties of the soils that are being developed. The practical significance of the results of the research is to obtain dependencies that can be used as the basis for the engineering methodology for the integrated calculation of chain-type trench eesquators in which the cutters operate in the critical blocked and half blocked cutting mode of the soil.
DEVELOPMENT OF SOFTWARE FOR INTERACTIVE VISUALIZATION OF SYSTEMS AND UNITS OF TRANSPORT VEHICLES
Authors: Nikonov Oleh , Nikonov Oleh , Hlushkova Diana , Tymchenko Serhii
Published: October 2021

Problem. Constant innovations in technology lead to the development of new methods and paradigms of human interaction with the digital world. An essential requirement that determines the usefulness of visual models for solving specific problems is, in addition to the automated construction of such models, the clarity of the obtained images and the convenience of manipulating their properties. Goal. The purpose of the article is to develop software for interactive visualization of systems and units of transport vehicles. Methodology. One of the promising areas of interactive visualization is the use of augmented reality. With the advent of mass mobile devices that have the necessary characteristics to run augmented reality applications, it has become possible to solve both the main shortcomings of the systems - the lack of mobility and mass distribution. Results. When developing a web application with augmented reality technology, the mathematical and algorithmic bases of augmented reality, tools for developing web applications, developed the structure and description of the web application, developed a database that stores information about models, markers and feedback and user questions. Originality. The peculiarity of this work is the focus on the mass introduction of augmented reality in the fields of learning and design. Mobile devices, tablets and computers, which should only have a camera and an Internet connection, can be used as platforms to apply the results of the study. Practical value. The developed techniques and web application can be used directly in the design of software products for use in the field of transport engineering, business processes, design, as well as in education and other fields.
ANALYZING REQUIREMENTS AND DEVELOPING PROTOTYPE OF TRAINING SOFTWARE FOR MOBILE PLATFORMS
Authors: Mnushka Oksana , Kotenko Bohdan , Savchenko Volodymyr
Published: October 2021

Problem. Information and communication technologies (ICTs) have become an integral part of modern society in the 21st century. The impact of these technologies on the development of humanity is ambiguous and assessed by experts from very positive to very negative often based on the same facts. The use of ICT in education is the subject of basic and practical research. Goal. The aim of the work is to analyze the requirements and develop a prototype curriculum for young children, which includes analysis of the task and the audiovisual component, development of the prototype at the level of the framework program, whose content may vary depending on the task. Methodology. The analytical methods of research were used for the development and application of training software. Results. The means for the implementation of a development application for young children were analyzed, taking into account the age characteristics of the perception of audiovisual content. The cognitive abilities of children of different age categories were analyzed. Based on the analysis of requirements, the architecture of the training application was developed and its prototype was implemented for working on mobile platforms. The set of IDEF0-diagrams for training applications for children from 2 up to 8–10 years of  age was obtained. The prototype of training application was tested by a common task. Originality. All results were obtained based on the research of children’s learning problems. Practical value. The prototype of mobile software can be used for making specified applications not only for children.
ENGINE AUTOSTART SYSTEM
Authors: Binkovska Anzhela , Kudyrko Olha , Tashchykov Andrii
Published: October 2021

To improve the comfort of using the car, it became necessary to develop an engine autostart system. This system will integrate it into the car's anti-theft system and improve the use of the car regardless of weather conditions. The introduction of such a system will make it possible to increase the range of messages about alarms and the state of the alarm, the small value of which in old models due to the growth of abductions, the lack of close parking places has absolutely ceased to satisfy the driver. The analysis of the existing engine autostart systems is carried out, in which the main problem is highlighted, namely, the impossibility of pro-lime engine autostart at a long distance. As a result of the analysis, the goal of the study was highlighted: the expansion of the functional and consumer capabilities of the auto-alarm system. The developed remote start system is designed for sound and optical notification of violation of the protected vehicle zones, prevention of theft and robbery, remote execution of service functions. The result of the research is: the development of a working model and software, as well as experimental research. The originality lies in the fact that the constructed circuit allows monitoring and control of the autostart functions of the car engine from almost any distance (limited by the GSM reception area).