bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The New Technology Solutions for Advanced SiP Devices
Authors: Seo YongJai
Published: January 2025

For many years, system-in-Package (SiP) technology has been a focus for semiconductor packaging to address the ongoing market trend of system integration and size reduction. Today’s increased complexity and higher package density for SiP devices has driven the development of new packaging technologies. In response, compartment shield technology makes it possible to put several functions into a single SiP without interference among the chips and double-side assembly technology greatly increases the chip density. Continued requests from customers in high technology markets require even further research into SiP technology. This report will discuss technologies that are currently being applied to SiPs and forecast what to expect in the future.
10 micron Pitch Wiring and Bump on Substrate Formed by Imprinting Technology to Apply Low Temperature Flip Chip Bonding
Authors: Komatsu Hiroshi , Shimoishizaka Nozomi , Yamada Toshihiro
Published: January 2025

The minimum bump pitch in flip-chip bonding is limited by the difference in expansion or shrinkage caused by the CTE mismatch between the chip and the substrate. So, it has been very difficult to achieve a bonding pitch of 35 micron or less in the conventional technology using such as solder. Due to this technical limitation, integration of hetero-chips with a large number of pin count on a substrate is intensively studied using a so-called 2.5D LSI that uses an interposer which stacks chips three-dimensionally using Si through via (TSV). However, the manufacturing technology such as Si interposer and TSV used for this 2.5D LSI is essentially an expensive process. In this study, we will report a narrow-pitch bonding technology based on low-temperature flip-chip bonding using conductive paste as bumps. In this technology, conductive paste is used to simultaneously form wiring and bump with the pitch of 10 micron on the substrate by imprinting method, then non-conductive paste dispensing, followed by flip-chip bonding, and finally curing at 140 degree C in order to enhance the bonding strength and reduce the resistance of the conductive paste. In order to form wiring and bump with the pitch of 10 micron simultaneously on the substrate, the final wiring and bump shape is formed in advance as a master mold, and this is transferred to a replica mold to form an inverted shape. Further, a conductive paste is filled in the concavity of the replica mold, and then transferred to the substrate. In this way, the same wiring and bump structure with the master mold has been successfully reproduced with the conductive paste on the substrate. The wiring is 5 micron wide and 5 micron high and the aspect ratio is 1, the bump is 5 micron in diameter, the height is 5 to 10 micron and the aspect ratio is 1 to 2. These high aspect ratios are very difficult to realize by conventional printing method like screen printing etc. The narrow pitch flip chip bonding technology developed is not only to minimize the effective chip assembly area, but also to make it possible to apply to hetero-chip integration such as processors and memories with a low-cost process.
Memory Chip-to-Chip Integration for High Bandwidth Memory Processor Interface
Authors: Heinig Andy , Hopsch Fabian
Published: January 2025

Abstract not available for Memory Chip-to-Chip Integration for High Bandwidth Memory Processor Interface
Internal Medicine Resident’s Knowledge and Attitudes towards Obstructive Sleep Apnoea in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia: A Survey-based Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Alhajery Mohammad A. , Alotay Abdulwahed Abdulaziz , Alsolamy Eysa N. , Alanazi Abdulrahman Mohammed , Qutob Rayan A. , Alammari Yousef M. , Alateeq Ismail S. , Alanazi Najd Mabrouk , Aleidan Abdulaziz M , Alanazi Fahad Awadh , Alanazi Tariq Radi , Alotay Abdulaziz Abdulmajeed
Published: January 2025

Introduction:

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a widespread yet underdiagnosed condition with significant health risks, including cardiovascular and metabolic issues. Factors such as obesity, age and gender heighten OSA risk. Internal medicine physicians’ limited OSA knowledge and screening delays diagnosis. This Saudi study assesses internal medicine residents’ OSA awareness to enhance care quality.

Materials and Method:

A cross-sectional survey-based study included internal medicine residents in Riyadh city. Participants were chosen using a convenience sampling technique. An online questionnaire was sent to each potential participant via E-mail or WhatsApp, including a previously validated Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Knowledge and Attitude questionnaire. Socio-demographic variables were analysed using descriptive statistics. A Chi-square test, independent sample t-test, analysis of variance and Spearman rank correlation were employed. A value of P < 0.05 was regarded as significant in statistical terms.

Results:

A total of 191 participants consented to fill out the questionnaire. The average knowledge score was 10.94 ± 3.15 for all participants (out of 18). Senior residents (3rd and 4th year residents) had a higher mean score scores (11.82 ± 2.77) than junior residents (1st and 2nd year residents) (10.47 ± 11.81). The overall attitude score was 13.81 ± 3.10. Senior residents showed a significantly higher total attitude score (14.53 ± 2.90) than juniors (13.43 ± 3.15), with P = 0.020. A positive correlation was observed between attitude and knowledge levels.

Conclusion:

These findings emphasise the critical significance of including OSA in the teaching curriculum for internal medicine residents to improve their knowledge and attitude. Furthermore, hands-on clinical experience is vital to increase the confidence level in OSA diagnosis and management, which will ultimately have a positive impact on the overall patient outcomes.
Blockchain Based Cryptographic Algorithm for Data Protection in Electronic Voting System
Authors: Vinayachandra  , Krishna Prasad  K
Published: January 2025

The development of digital world created advancement of technology, by which the data services are electronically transacted. Electronic voting is used to improve the election system in several ways. But technical issues associated with protection of data, is considered as a major concern leading to illegal activities and threats. Some of the conventional methods used in securing e-votes are matching finger prints of individual, control unit accessibility, which provides decreased capability of attaining proper authenticity and security. Even several cryptographic methods are used for data security, but produced limited accuracy. So, to improve the reliability and accuracy of data protection in e-voting, combination of AES (Advanced Encryption System) and RSA (Rivest, Shamir, Adleman) combined with blockchain technology is implemented. AES uses larger key size which makes the data privacy robust. But encryption and decryption time produces decreases computational speed. So, AES is combined with RSA, as it uses shorter key length and easy to implement with block-chain algorithm, it is deployed to decrease encryption and decryption time, thus producing highly sensitive data security. The performance of the system is validated by calculating the encryption and decryption time, block size and verification time of original data with output data.
Effective approximation to complex algebraic numbers by quadratic numbers
Authors: Bajpai Prajeet , Bugeaud Yann
Published: January 2025

We establish an effective improvement on the Liouville inequality for approximation to complex nonreal algebraic numbers by quadratic complex algebraic numbers.
Buried points of plane continua
Authors: Lipham David , van Mill Jan , Tuncali Murat , Tymchatyn Ed , Valkenburg Kirsten
Published: January 2025

Sets on the boundary of a complementary component of a continuum in the plane have been of interest since the early 1920s. Curry and Mayer defined the buried points of a plane continuum to be the points in the continuum which were not on the boundary of any complementary component. Motivated by their investigations of Julia sets, they asked what happens if the set of buried points of a plane continuum is totally disconnected and nonempty. Curry, Mayer, and Tymchatyn showed that in that case the continuum is Suslinian, i.e., it does not contain an uncountable collection of nondegenerate pairwise disjoint subcontinua. In an answer to a question of Curry et al., van Mill and Tuncali constructed a plane continuum whose buried point set was totally disconnected, nonempty, and one-dimensional at each point of a countably infinite set. In this paper, we show that the van Mill–Tuncali example was the best possible in the sense that whenever the buried set is totally disconnected, it is one-dimensional at each of at most countably many points. As a corollary, we find that the buried set cannot be almost zero-dimensional unless it is zero-dimensional. We also construct locally connected van Mill–Tuncali type examples.
On the binomial transforms of Apéry-like sequences
Authors: Liu Ji-Cai
Published: January 2025

In his proof of the irrationality of

$\zeta (3)$

and

$\zeta (2)$

, Apéry defined two integer sequences through

$3$

-term recurrences, which are known as the famous Apéry numbers. Zagier, Almkvist–Zudilin, and Cooper successively introduced the other

$13$

sporadic sequences through variants of Apéry’s

$3$

-term recurrences. All of the

$15$

sporadic sequences are called Apéry-like sequences. Motivated by Gessel’s congruences mod

$24$

for the Apéry numbers, we investigate congruences of the form

$u_n\equiv \alpha ^n \ \pmod {N_{\alpha }}~(\alpha \in \mathbb {Z},N_{\alpha }\in \mathbb {N}^{+})$

for all of the

$15$

Apéry-like sequences

$\{u_n\}_{n\ge 0}$

. Let

$N_{\alpha }$

be the largest positive integer such that

$u_n\equiv \alpha ^n\ \pmod {N_{\alpha }}$

for all non-negative integers n. We determine the values of

$\max \{N_{\alpha }|\alpha \in \mathbb {Z}\}$

for all of the

$15$

Apéry-like sequences

$\{u_n\}_{n\ge 0}$

. The binomial transforms of Apéry-like sequences provide us a unified approach to this type of congruences for Apéry-like sequences.
Classification of trusses whose retracts are cyclic groups
Authors: Andruszkiewicz Ryszard R. , Pryszczepko Karol
Published: January 2025

This article is devoted to study some relationships of trusses with rings. We classify all trusses whose retracts are finite cyclic groups.
Motion analysis for objective evaluation of psychomotor skills in Endoscopic Sinus Surgery
Authors: Miyaji K , Suzuki M , Watanabe R , Suzuki T , Matoba K , Nakazono A , Nakamaru Y , Ebina K , Abe T , Hinder D , Psaltis A J , Wormald P J , Homma A , Konno A
Published: January 2025

Background: This study aims to digitalize surgical maneuvers in ESS using a motion capture system under standardized conditions
provided by 3D printed-sinus models. Methodology: Forty-seven otolaryngologists performed ESS on 3D printed models
manufactured from computed tomography (CT) images of actual patients. Participants were classified to 3 groups according to
the objective structured technical skills assessment score. All surgical maneuverers performed during ESS were captured by a
motion capture system. The path length, velocity, acceleration, and jerk were calculated for each surgical instrument and compared
among the groups. Principle Component Analysis (PCA) was utilized to identify which metrics reflected surgical skill level. In
addition, ten registrars repeated the surgical dissection. Their motion metrics were also compared between first training and the
repeated training and then subjected to the PCA. Results: Several metrics such as the angular acceleration and jerk of the cutting
forceps were identified by PCA as possible indicators distinguishing the different skill levels for the ESS maneuvers. PCA analysis in
the repetitive training also found the angular metrics of the upturned-cutting forceps correlating to their skill improvement.
Conclusions: Combined with the validated 3D-printed sinus models, the motion capture system provided the objective evaluation
of the surgical performances of ESS.
Transformaciones Sociales en la Conservación Marina: El Caso del Área Marina Costera Protegida de Múltiples Usos Pitipalena- Añihue
Authors: Gotteland Emmanuelle , Barrena José , Ibarra Sebastián
Published: January 2025

Analizamos las transformaciones contemporáneas  en la conservación  marina tomando  el caso  del Área Marina  Costera Protegida de Múltiples Usos Pitipalena-Añihue en la Patagonia  chilena.  Los datos  fueron recolectados mediante métodos etnográficos en la localidad de Puerto Raúl Marín Balmaceda. Utilizando  los conceptos  de área promovida y compromiso democrático, tomados del enfoque de la Conservación Convivencial, mostramos cómo una red de actores locales en conjunto con el Estado, ONGs y centros de investigación han avanzado en: (a) compatibilizar actividades económicas de importancia local con la conservación marina y (b) desarrollar una forma de gobernanza organizada por un Consejo Local de Gestión. El caso muestra la capacidad de un grupo de actores locales para definir y organizar un área marina protegida a través de vínculos y redes con organizaciones públicas y privadas, reflejando transformaciones nacionales y globales en la conservación marina.
América Latina, la región que desacumula capitales: un enfoque desde la economía ecológica y la contabilidad física
Authors: Espinoza-Piguave Edwin Ulises
Published: January 2025

El objetivo de este trabajo es comprobar que Latinoamérica no acumula capitales, sino, los desacumula, debido a su especialización en la exportación primaria. Para lograr este objetivo se construyó el índice Acumulación/ desacumulación, y se aplicó a cada país del planeta con datos disponibles. El índice fue desarrollado siguiendo los postulados de la economía ecológica y la contabilidad física. Los resultados mostraron que, la única economía latinoamericana que acumula capitales de forma importante es México, otras, como Brasil o Panamá, acumulan capitales de forma muy leve, mientras la mayoría de las economías latinoamericanas desacumulan capitales. Además, el índice mostró que Latinoamérica es la región con más profunda desacumulación de capitales, seguida por África. Este índice muestra hechos que no muestran las metodologías tradicionales, pues es más adecuado para medir los flujos de capitales en países primario- exportadores como los de nuestra región, ya que considera los flujos físicos además de los monetarios.
Crecimiento y Mortalidad: Ecuador en el siglo XX
Authors: Naranjo-Navas Christian P.
Published: January 2025

El artículo realiza una revisión analítico-histórica del crecimiento económico y su relación con las defunciones y la mortalidad infantil. Para ello, se ha dividido en dos secciones: en la primera se examina la correlación entre las variables; en la segunda se contextualiza el desarrollo de los índices en medio de las políticas económicas y de salud más importantes del siglo. Se ha llegado a tres conclusiones. Primero, se presenta una alta relación entre el crecimiento del PIB y la disminución de defunciones y de mortalidad infantil. Segundo, el único período que presenta una disociación entre variables es 1945-1949 a causa de un rebrote importante de la peste bubónica. Tercero, el periodo de mayor avance en la disminución de muertes es 1940-1944 debido a la creación de hospitales privados, departamentos de higiene y centros farmacéuticos. Finalmente, los datos de todo el siglo muestran que Ecuador creció a un promedio anual del 4,2%, solo por debajo de Venezuela (5%), Brasil (4,7%) y Colombia (4,4%).
Si eres ladrón, eres ladrón: Experiencias de ocio de jóvenes internos en Valdivia
Authors: Salgado Pablo , Tusing Cari
Published: January 2025

Esta investigación analiza la construcción identitaria de jóvenes ladrones insertos en el centro de reclusión para menores CIP-CRC Valdivia a través de los conceptos de respeto y masculinidad. La investigación se realizó el año 2020 durante los meses de junio a diciembre. Mediante la etnografía, la investigación participativa y el arte, se propuso llegar a la comprensión de sus códigos, jergas y la poca adherencia a las actividades formativas del centro. Desde los resultados, se propone que un trabajo participativo con los jóvenes internos, considerando el marco de sus conceptos de respeto y masculinidad, podría mejorar su participación en talleres formativos.
Repertorios sindicales en el Estallido Social y el proceso constitucional en el sur de Chile (2019–2021). Experiencias y percepciones de dirigentes sindicales en las regiones del Maule, Ñuble, Biobío y Araucanía
Authors: Julián-Vejar Dasten , Marchant-Fuentes Felipe , Cárdenas-Marín Natalia
Published: January 2025

Los últimos cuatro años han significado en Chile una serie de eventos de gran relevancia e incidencia en las relaciones sociales. En octubre de 2019 se vivió una revuelta popular que culminó con un acuerdo por una nueva Constitución. En 2020 se conoció y extendió la pandemia del COVID 19. En 2021 se realizaron elecciones presidenciales; mientras que en 2022 se realizó un plebiscito constitucional. Todos estos hechos han sido partes importantes de un proceso sociopolítico más complejo que ha tenido múltiples manifestaciones. En este artículo analizamos las percepciones, interpretaciones y sentidos que dirigentes sindicales de regiones del sur del país se han formulado respecto a este proceso, así como sus expectativas, críticas y análisis de las implicancias de estos cambios sociohistóricos en curso para las relaciones laborales y el trabajo.
Sobre la sociología de la catástrofe: análisis de la dictadura chilena en el Área Metropolitana de Concepción
Authors: Tesche-Roa Paula , Chandía-Jara Loreto , Figueroa-Montero Gabriel
Published: January 2025

Este artículo analiza la teoría de las catástrofes a través de eventos sociohistóricos que generan importantes transformaciones sociopolíticas, económicas y territoriales. Busca precisar la noción de catástrofe desde un enfoque interdisciplinario, considerando aportes de la sociología, la psicología social y los estudios urbanos. Se aborda como catástrofe lo ocurrido durante la dictadura chilena (1973- 1990); la violencia política; el giro neoliberal y la erradicación de poblaciones; modifican las relaciones intersubjetivas cotidianas a largo plazo. Estos fenómenos se analizan desde una perspectiva territorial, que comprende el Área Metropolitana de Concepción, cuyas singularidades históricas revelan el impacto de la dictadura. El estudio es cualitativo, considerando fuentes primarias y secundarias. Los principales aportes de la investigación son incorporar la dimensión cotidiana de la catástrofe y su vínculo con las experiencias vividas. Esto permite mayor comprensión y precisión de los fenómenos catastróficos en sus diversas dimensiones.
El Partido Socialista de Chile y la violencia política. Entre el orden y la revolución (1933-1948)
Authors: Venegas-Caro Diego Esteban
Published: January 2025

El Partido Socialista de Chile se fundó en abril de 1933 como la convergencia de grupos que participaron activamente en los sucesos de junio de 1932, la denominada “República Socialista” del 4 de junio liderada por Marmaduke Grove y Eugenio Matte. Esto transformó a la naciente organización en una alternativa a partidos ya existentes, como el Partido Comunista, con quienes compartían su concepción marxista.
A pesar de compartir una base teórica común, los socialistas crearon no sólo una identidad propia, sino una doctrina y estructura teórico-política que les permitió afrontar la disputa del gobierno, y del poder mismo. Este artículo se enfocará en un aspecto relevante de la construcción doctrinaria y acción política de los socialistas: el rol de la violencia política, tanto revolucionaria como reaccionaria, durante el ciclo 1933-1948.
Key Factors Influencing Liver Function Injury in Elderly Patients with Newly Diagnosed Pulmonary Tuberculosis Complicated by Diabetes after Antituberculosis Treatment
Authors: Ma Liangliang , Fan Henghua
Published: January 2025

This study addressed the factors influencing liver injury in elderly patients newly diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis and diabetes after antituberculosis treatment. From January 2021 to June 2023, 218 elderly patients with early treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis (N = 218) combined with diabetes (N = 218) were collected as research subjects. All patients were treated with the same antituberculosis treatment regimen and were divided into a nonhepatotoxicity group (N = 92) and a hepatotoxicity group (N = 126) according to whether drug-induced liver injury occurred within 3 months after taking tuberculosis drugs. The levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, indirect bilirubin, albumin, lipoprotein(a), prothrombin time, and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) were detected by biochemical analyzer. The extent of pulmonary tuberculosis lesions was examined by computed tomography imaging. Influencing factors of antituberculosis drug-induced liver injury were analyzed by logistic multivariate analysis. The hepatotoxicity group exhibited a higher average age than the nonhepatotoxicity group (P <0.05). Additionally, there was a greater prevalence of patients with a history of alcohol consumption in the hepatotoxicity group than in the nonhepatotoxicity group (P <0.05). And the hepatotoxicity group showed a greater extent of tuberculosis lesions (P <0.05). Logistic multivariate analysis identified advanced age, body mass index of <18.5, lesion range of ≥2 lung lobes, history of alcohol consumption, and HbA1c of ≥8% as relevant factors associated with liver function impairment in older adults patients undergoing early treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis combined with diabetes after antituberculosis therapy. These findings underscore the importance of monitoring and addressing these factors during antituberculosis therapy in the elderly population to mitigate the risk of liver function impairment.
Artificial Neural Networks Model for Photosynthetic Rate Prediction of Leaf Vegetable Crops under Normal and Nutrient-Stressed in Greenhouse
Authors: Suharto Yohanes Bayu , Suhardiyanto Herry , Susila Anas Dinurroman , Supriyanto
Published: January 2025

Photosynthesis is one of the essential processes in plant physiology that produces glucose and oxygen to support plant growth. Nutrient stress conditions will affect the photosynthetic rate in plants. The model predicting photosynthetic rates based on environmental conditions, nutrients, and plant types will be highly beneficial for farmers in tweaking these variables to maximize plant photosynthesis. This research focused on assessing the impact of nutrient stress on the photosynthetic rate in leaf vegetable crops and aimed to create a model using artificial neural networks (ANN) to predict photosynthetic rates under nutrient-stress conditions. Leaf vegetable crops were cultivated in a greenhouse using the NFT hydroponic system with eight nutrient conditions. This paper introduces an ANN model featuring nine input variables, ten hidden layers, and a single output. This model aims to elucidate the relationship between these inputs and the output parameter. The statistical analysis revealed a notable disparity in the CO2 assimilation rate among leaf vegetable crops subjected to nutrient stress treatment. The constructed ANN model demonstrated strong performance, achieving an R2 value of 0.9416, an RMSE of 1.5898 during training, and an R2 value of 0.9271 with an RMSE of 1.9649 in validation. A combination of statistical analysis and ANN modeling accurately explained the relationship and influence of input parameters, especially nutrient stress conditions, on the photosynthetic rate of leaf vegetable plants cultivated hydroponically in a greenhouse.
Habitat Reduction and Population Structure of Endangered Asian Arowana (Scleropages formosus) Golden Red in Riau Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Anthonius Purnama Arief , Masunaga Tsugiyuki
Published: January 2025

This research was conducted in the arowana golden red Conservation Area (AgrCA) in Riau Province Rokan Hulu Regency, Sumatra, Indonesia from 2020 to 2023. The primary objective was to elucidate the population structure of arowana golden red in the midst of ongoing habitat degradation resulting from land use changes in AgrCA. Land use changes were analyzed by satellite imagery through the QGIS application. We collected population sampling data for arowana golden red by using 'fish net', 'fish trap', and 'fish scoop-net'. A comparison of satellite images taken in 2017 and 2021 revealed a reduction in swamp area by 664 ha (from 921 to 257 ha) and a decrease in swamp forest by 116 ha (from 264 to 148 ha). The conversion of swamp and swamp forests into oil palm plantations within the AgrCA has significantly diminished the natural habitat of the arowana golden red. Although there has been decreasing in swamp and swamp forests in AgrCA, the water quality in the AgrCA has remained suitable for the life of the arowana golden red. The population of arowana golden red was found to be 14-44 individuals year-1 in 2021-2023 with various sizes. Arowana golden red is most prevalent during the rainy season (July-December). Preserving the remaining swamp and swamp forests is paramount, representing a top priority. Immediate ex-situ conservation efforts are imperative, taking preemptive measures in case the arowana golden red can no longer inhabit its natural habitat.
Nieznany najstarszy przekaz fragmentu pieśni "Radości wam powiadam"
Authors: Leńczuk Mariusz , Mika Tomasz
Published: January 2025

The paper presents an unknown oldest version of the fifth stanza of the medieval song Radości wam powiadam, written down on the lower margin of a code of law owned by the National Library in Warsaw (temporary signature Przyb. 140/51). The discovered fragment of the song is a commentary to a Latin sermon which makes a reference to the Apocalypse, quoting the exemplum about the pelican. That note in Polish means that the preacher was preparing a sermon in the vernacular language. The aim of this paper is to edit that text, compare it with the other two known copies, as well as indicating and interpreting (in the functional and cultural perspective) similarities and differences which emerged when the song functioned in its oral version and was written down from memory.
„Ad futuram rei memoriam". Klasyczne tradycje II Liceum Ogólnokształcącego w Przemyślu
Authors: Wilgucka Małgorzata , Wójcik Ewa
Published: January 2025

The article concerns the circumstances of naming the Second General Secondary School in Przemyśl after Prof. Kazimierz Morawski, the history of the Prof. Morawski award and presents the successes of students and teachers of the Przemyśl High School in cultivating the ancient tradition.
Ludowy topos wmurowanej kobiety jako narzędzie negocjowania wartości w bułgarskiej kulturze nowoczesnej. Co po kobiecie?
Authors: Szwat-Gyłybow Grażyna
Published: January 2025

W bułgarskim folklorze rozpowszechniony jest topos kobiety, którą murarze (przy milczącym współudziale całej wiejskiej wspólnoty) wmurowują w fundamenty wznoszonego obiektu, by odwrócić nawracającą wciąż katastrofę budowlaną. Poczynając od lat. 70. XIX wieku, topos ten jest adaptowany w bułgarskiej literaturze i kulturze. W artykule podejmuję próbę reasumpcji wyników badań nad tym zjawiskiem, prowadzonych w ramach grantu Narodowego Centrum Nauki (nr 2020/37/B/HS2/00152). Przedmiotem mojej uwagi są te wartości, które reprezentanci różnych nurtów estetycznych i światopoglądowych od 150 lat czynią obiektem swego zainteresowania i zarazem przedmiotem negocjacji.
Sharia Legal Framework: A Comparative Analysis of Religious Courts in Brunei Darussalam and Indonesia
Authors: Lagus Wegestin , Asasriwarni  , Zulfan
Published: January 2025

The application of sharia law in the religious justice system has significant variations between countries, including Brunei Darussalam and Indonesia. The main issue raised in this article is how the two Muslim-majority countries implement different legal systems, both in the legal structure, the role of religious leaders, and the scope of the application of sharia law. This article aims to analyze a comparative comparison of the legal and religious justice systems in Brunei, Darussalam, and Indonesia and their implementation practices. This study uses a qualitative and comparative descriptive approach to analyze legal regulations and their implementation in both countries. The results show that Brunei implements a dual legal system separating civil and Sharia law, emphasising stricter Sharia criminal law, including hudud and qisas. In contrast, Indonesia applies sharia law limited to family law with religious justice integrated into the national justice system. This difference is influenced by the role of the Sultan in Brunei as the leader of religion and state. At the same time, in Indonesia, there is a separation of power between the executive, legislative, and judicial. This study recommends that Brunei needs to strengthen human rights protection in the application of sharia law. At the same time, Indonesia is advised to improve coordination between religious courts and general courts for more equitable justice.
Research on the relationship between the density of Anatolian ground squirrel (Spermophilus xanthoprymnus Bennet, 1835) nest burrows and soil texture
Authors: Aksan Şengül , Çohadar Hatice
Published: January 2025

This study examined the correlation between the nest density of the Anatolian ground squirrel (Spermophilus xanthoprymnus) and the characteristics of soil texture and stoniness. This study was conducted in Gençali plain, Isparta province, Türkiye. A mechanical analysis of the soil revealed that clay content varied from 24% to 51%, sand content ranged from 33% to 55%, and dust levels were between 13% and 28%. It was observed that S. xanthoprymnus exhibited a preference for loamy clay soils, with an occurrence rate of 82% in the sampled areas. The analysis indicated that the presence of stones in the soil had a statistically significant positive effect (p<0.01) on the species' nest site selection, while the amount of sand had a negative impact (p<0.05). Nest density increased in habitats with stoniness levels between 9% and 9.5%, whereas a decrease in nest numbers was recorded in areas with stoniness levels either below or above this range.
Key words: Anatolian ground squirrel, Spermophilus xanthoprymnus, ecology, nest density, soil texture
Centro histórico de San Luis Potosí: perspectivas orientadoras para su análisis
Authors: Delgado Delgadillo Víctor Manuel
Published: January 2025

El Centro Histórico de San Luis Potosí, representa un espacio diverso y complejo, con multitud de matices existentes en un sitio donde convergen diversas dimensiones y categorías en torno a una diversidad de ámbitos y acontecimientos. A este escenario hay que añadir el componente político-jurídico observable en la confluencia de disposiciones, normas, autoridades, políticas, lineamientos y acciones gubernamentales. Toda esta amalgama de componentes de diversa índole aterriza en un espacio que connota fenómenos sociales y culturales, en donde se implementan una serie de políticas orientadas a la conservación y protección de su patrimonio cultural. El sitio, al ser de naturaleza heterogénea es susceptible de múltiples interpretaciones; el presente artículo reflexiona y pone en contexto tales abordajes a través de la exposición de ciertas perspectivas orientadoras que coadyuvan al análisis del aludido espacio central.
The Science of Housework
Authors: Oakley Ann
Published: January 2025

This book recaptures the buried history of the household science movement, including domestic science teaching, public health, higher education for women and the scientific content and aims of domestic science courses.
Healthy Societies
Authors: Scambler Graham
Published: January 2025

Re-examining health, healthcare and societal health using the latest data and research, this book addresses definitions of health, changes in health over time and the contribution of healthcare. It also suggests ways of effectively tackling obstacles to improving health and healthcare in twenty-first century Britain.
A Practical Guide to Community Social Work Practice in the UK
Authors: Turbett Colin , Pye Jane
Published: January 2025

There has been a rebirth of interest in bringing community back into social work, but what does community social work mean when applied to practice? What are the opportunities in a landscape dominated by shrinking budgets with their attendant procedural and risk-obsessed assessment and care management models? In this accessibly written book, Colin Turbett explores the erratic history of community social work. He goes on to demonstrate through contemporary examples how this preventative and relationship-based model can work for the individuals and communities served, and also provide an answer to the recruitment and retention issues adversely affecting mainstream settings.
Persoana rezilientă: structura și caracteristicile ei
Authors: NEGURĂ Ion
Published: January 2025

The aim of this paper is to describe resilience as a psychological entity that involves a person’s ability to successfully adapt to and overcome traumatic events, to maintain mental and emotional balance in the face of adversity, and to return to a state of optimal functioning after impact. Factors that foster resilience are: the concept of repair, the telling of personal life stories, social relationships and the view of life’s difficulties as an opportunity for growth. Resilient people are characterised by: adaptability, optimism, self confidence, ability to learn from failure, emotional self-regulation, long-term goals.
Asigurarea securității psihologice la copii prin optimizarea stării de bine a adulților
Authors: ANTONEVICI Natalia , LOSÎI Elena
Published: January 2025

Today`s child is tomorrow`s adult, so the well-being of the former determines the well-being of the other and vice versa. Understanding this perspective and its trans-generational impact makes us aware of the extent to which the child`s development in a safe physical and emotional environment has effects over time determining the quality of life. When we refer to the well-being of adults, we also include the scope of their achievement as parents, so since this role is taken over, direct and indirect links are inevitably established with the well-being and psychological security of the child. Base on the fact that the child and the parent are part of system that interacts affectively and behaviorally, the role of the parent is considered very important for the child`s well-being and especially for his psychological safety. Being aware of these aspects, the adult as a parent, investing in the development of his well-being active in the process of optimizing his well-being, will certainly favor the improvement of relations with children and achieve that state of happiness, which everyone strives for. This optimization measure can be carried out both individually, consciously, and with the support of those around using the proposed opportunities.
Reprezentarea socială ca proces și ca rezultat al unui proces
Authors: POPESCU Maria
Published: January 2025

In this article I will address the hypothesis of social representations as a process and as an outcome that opens several avenues. One of these directions starts from the idea that social representations arise and are transmitted with the help of various forms of communication. The social representation considered at a given time as the product of a representative process was formed and is transmitted by and through a communication process. Social representations are transformed, thus they are part of social dynamics.
Rezultanta psihologică în diminuarea bullyingului la preadolescenți
Authors: BÎTCA Lucia
Published: January 2025

Bullying research is still a current topic and requires continued efforts to develop and implement the most effective prevention and intervention strategies. By approaching this issue holistically and involving all stakeholders, we can create a safe and inclusive learning environment for all students. Among the most effective strategies for reducing bullying is the education and training of students, teachers and parents about the negative effects of bullying and how to prevent and intervene when it occurs. Also, improving school climate and interpersonal relationships by developing social and cooperative skills training programs, as well as creating a safe and inclusive school environment, can reduce the risk of bullying.
Didactogeny as a result of insufficiency of awareness in teacher’s professional activity
Authors: КОВАЛЁВА Е.А. , ГАНУЗИН В.М.
Published: January 2025

Professional behavior depends on the level of self-awareness. Self awareness affects the teacher’s relationship with students. The style of pedagogical interaction is regulated by the teacher’s self-awareness. A teacher’s emotional self-regulation is associated with the level of development of self-awareness. Didactogeny is the result of psychological, pedagogical and methodological errors in the educational process.
Tehnici inovative în formarea gândirii laterale
Authors: STANCIU Carmen
Published: January 2025

The article reveals the need to improve the thinking potential of each individual, given that education focuses more on achieving basic skills. Intuition and mental skills may not be at the level they could become, but certainly people can become more effective and intelligent thinkers through techniques that support this endeavor. The method of teaching children thinking skills is determined from the idea that thinking can be learned and taught. Regardless of the stage of development of thinking, the age at which the child has the greatest openness in terms of thinking, if thinking is stimulated through specific techniques, performance can be achieved in any field.
Votul electronic din punctul de vedere al Concepției rezultantei
Authors: JELESCU Dumitru
Published: January 2025

The article presents the essence of the concept of the resultant, in order to apply it in the process of electronic voting. The universal character of this concept/vector, conceived and created for several years, is that it can be applied everywhere, including in the electronic voting process. In turn, electronic voting is a specific, very complex process of decryption and accounting of ballot boxes, which we will refer to in detail in the following.
Rolul competenței digitale în adaptarea adulților la lumea modernă
Authors: BIBIC Alexandru
Published: January 2025

This article focuses on how adults can develop their digital competence to meet the demands of the modern world. Digital competence is an essential skill to thrive in the modern world, stimulating lifelong learning and adapting to technological innovations. Digital competence means being able to access and use relevant information, communicate and cooperate effectively with others, create and share quality digital content, ensure the security of personal and others’ data and information, respect digital rights and responsibilities and solve diverse problems with ICT.
Medical errors through the lens of the „butterfly effect”: medico-legal analysis
Authors: ПИСАРЕНКО Константин
Published: January 2025

The article explores an important topic related to medical errors and their potential consequences. The concept of the “butterfly effect” is examined in the context of medical errors and their impact on patient outcomes. Legal and ethical aspects of healthcare personnel responsibility are also analyzed, and recommendations are provided for preventing such errors and improving the quality of medical practice. The research findings underscore the relevance of an approach based on chaos theory and cybernetics – the “butterfly effect” concept and the necessity of its integration into medicine to enhance patient safety.
The risk of vector-borne zoonotic disease transmission in the context of global warming
Authors: MIRON Liviu-Dan , IVĂNESCU Larisa
Published: January 2025

The incidence of mosquito-borne diseases varies geographically, with the transmission period potentially changing in response to the constant interaction between pathogens, hosts, vectors, and the environment with climate warming. In Iași County and the Great Brăila Island, 9 mosquito species have been identified: Aedes albopictus, Culex pipiens, Aedes caspius, Culex modestus, Aedes vexans, Anopheles maculipennis, Anopheles hyrcanus, Coquillettidia richardii, Culiseta anulata. Based on the temperatures developed in Romania, the risk of vector-borne diseases transmission was calculated: West Nile, malaria, Saint Louis encephalitis virus, Zika, Usutu, Sindbis, equine encephalitis virus. The results show that all these diseases can be transmitted in Romania during certain periods of the year, in the context of the presence of the mosquito vector.
Metaficción historiográfica y género en Madame Gaugin, de Fietta Jarque
Authors: Susti Alejandro
Published: January 2025

La novela histórica Madame Gauguin (2022), de Fietta Jarque (Lima, 1956), se centra en una serie de episodios significativos de las vidas de Aline Gauguin (1825-1867) y su hijo Paul Gauguin (1848-1903). En este artículo se reconocen en ella algunos de los rasgos de la llamada nueva novela histórica o novela posmoderna (Ainsa, 1991; Grützmacher, 2006; Menton, 1993) a partir del vínculo entre la historiografía y la ficción; para ello, se emplean los aportes de Hutcheon (1999) y White (1992, 2003). Se adopta, además, una perspectiva de género para anali- zar la construcción de la identidad de la protagonista en el marco de la sociedad patriarcal de la época. Por último, se analiza la relación inter- textual que la novela establece con El Paraíso en la otra esquina (2003), de Mario Vargas Llosa.
Análisis morfológico y semántico de las unidades léxicas zoonímicas en quechua central
Authors: Espinoza Bustamante Franklin Roger , Manallay Moreno Pedro Luis
Published: January 2025

El objetivo de la presente investigación es determinar las construcciones morfológicas y la motivación semántica que subyacen a los zoónimos en quechua central, una de las dos ramas principales de la familia lingüística quechua. En esta rama, se evidencian zoónimos que, dentro de todas sus particularidades lingüísticas, presentan una clara motivación semántica, la cual se materializa sobre la base de esquemas no proposicionales, pues, por ejemplo, la percepción visual y la percepción auditiva juegan un rol importante al momento de asignar un nombre a especies de la fauna silvestre del entorno de los quechuas centrales. Los patrones más representativos de la motivación semántica que se encuentran detrás de los términos faunísticos en el quechua central se explican a través del concepto de perfilamiento propuesto por Langacker (1987), puesto que el fenómeno tratado se puede explicar sólidamente a partir de dos variables conceptuales implicadas en ese proceso: base y perfil. Detectamos que los principales patrones conceptuales que motivan semánticamente la construcción de la significación de los zoónimos se vinculan con las características morfológicas o propiedades resaltantes; la referencia al hábitat y el comporta- miento, y la época de aparición de las especies silvestres del mundo faunístico. Asimismo, constatamos que la creación de los zoónimos se sustenta en construcciones compositivas y derivativas nominales, con preponderancia de la composición nominal.
Marcas de subjetividad en el género discursivo casación: caso Edwin Oviedo (2016)
Authors: Lazo García Verónica Jenny , Cruzatte Ascurra Erika Isabel , Bravo Espinoza Alejandra Enma , Ramírez Vargas Cristhyna María de los Ángeles
Published: January 2025

Tradicionalmente, se asume que todo texto jurídico es objetivo y neutral, pero los estudios lingüísticos han demostrado que el enunciador del discurso deja huellas de su voz en un texto que no es monológico ni neutro (García, 2008). Teniendo en cuenta que la sentencia de casación es un documento jurídico que la Corte Suprema de Justicia emite para evaluar el pedido de derogar una sentencia judicial previa, el objetivo de nuestra investigación ha sido describir la superestructura y microestructura del género discursivo casación, así como determinar si existe subjetividad en alguno de los textos analizados a partir de cómo se presenta al agente y de otros fenómenos lingüísticos. Hemos empleado el método cualitativo para analizar cuatro casaciones bajo el enfoque de la lingüística sistémico-funcional (LSF). Los resultados muestran que la extensión de la sumilla, el tratamiento desigual del agente (unas veces impersonal o referido mediante la metonimia, y otras explícito y enfatizado) y el uso de adjetivos como presunto y supuesto evidencian subjetividad en uno de los textos.
Analysis of CBD Products (2022-23)
Authors:   Food Standards Agency, MacDonald S. , Harrison M. , Heinrich K.
Published: January 2025

The Food Standards Agency (FSA) commissioned Fera Science Ltd. to carry out a survey of cannabidiol (CBD) products on sale in England and Wales in order to inform FSA risk assessment of CBD products. The survey commenced in October 2022 and was completed in March 2023. 100 CBD products on the FSA public list, at the time of the survey, were purchased from a range of online sellers from England and Wales. Samples comprised of oils and sprays, capsules, confectionary, beverages and a range of miscellaneous products that included other foods and dog treats. The sampling followed a scheme suggested by FSA.

There is the potential for residues of chemicals to be present in CBD products as a result of their natural occurrence in the raw material or arising from the manufacturing process, for example, mycotoxins, metals, pesticides, dioxins and the residues of solvents used to extract CBD. This study informs the FSA’s understanding of the type and levels of contaminants that may arise in CBD products.

A wide range of analysis on CBD products was undertaken using accredited methods, for heavy metals, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), dioxins, pesticides, mycotoxins, CBD content and cannabinoid profiles. Analysis for residual solvents, furans and additional mycotoxins was also carried out, but these were not accredited.
Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Perilaku Dosen dan Tenaga Pendidikan dalam Pengelolaan Sampah di Lingkungan Universitas Yarsi
Authors: Sofiah Siti , Rifqatussa’adah  , Wijayanti Erlina
Published: January 2025

Pengelolaan sampah merupakan tantangan besar di lingkungan kampus, termasuk Universitas YARSI. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan perilaku dosen dan tenaga kependidikan dalam pengelolaan sampah, dengan menggunakan pendekatan predisposing factor (pengetahuan dan sikap), enabling factor (pendidikan, fasilitas, usia, jenis kelamin), dan reinforcing factor (sumber informasi dan peraturan). Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional dengan sampel sebanyak 56 responden. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner dan dianalisis dengan uji statistik chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 78,6% responden memiliki perilaku pengelolaan sampah yang baik, 73,2% memiliki pengetahuan baik, dan 57,1% menunjukkan sikap yang baik. Sebagian besar responden menyatakan tersedianya fasilitas pengelolaan sampah (69,6%) dan menerima informasi tentang pengelolaan sampah (96,4%). Namun, hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan signifikan antara predisposing, enabling, maupun reinforcing factor dengan perilaku pengelolaan sampah (p > 0,05). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa perilaku pengelolaan sampah di Universitas YARSI tidak secara signifikan dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor seperti pengetahuan, sikap, fasilitas, atau peraturan. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa perubahan perilaku memerlukan pendekatan lain, seperti peningkatan motivasi individu, pembiasaan, dan pelibatan komunitas kampus secara menyeluruh untuk menciptakan pengelolaan sampah yang berkelanjutan.