bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic Accuracy of Benign Salivary Gland Aspiration Cytology - A Study with Histopathological Correlation
Authors: V Lekshmi , B Mini
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is commonly used as a safe and minimally invasive diagnostic test in benign salivary gland lesions. Nevertheless, the capacity of aspiration cytology in diagnosing benign lesions in the salivary gland is still disputed because accurate tumour typing is dependent on the quality and yield of the aspirate, as well as the competence of the cytopathologist. We aim to assess the precision of fine needle aspirate in the pre-operative diagnosis of benign salivary gland lesions and compare it with the histopathological findings. METHODS This is a longitudinal study conducted among 45 patients with preoperative cytological diagnosis of benign salivary gland lesions, who were followed-up till surgery with subsequent histopathological examination in Government Medical College, Thrissur, from 1 st January 2013 to 30th June 2015. RESULTS Among the benign neoplasms, 29 out of 30 cases of pleomorphic adenoma were confirmed on histopathology and one was basal cell adenoma. Out of nine cases of Warthin’s tumour, only seven were confirmed by histopathology. Of the remaining two, one was found to be salivary duct carcinoma showing the typical comedo necrosis and the other was found to be low grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma. So, these two cases were found to be false negative. The statistical analysis showed an overall diagnostic accuracy of 95.5 % for benign salivary gland lesions. CONCLUSIONS FNAC is a minimally invasive technique useful in salivary gland lesions. In nonneoplastic lesions surgery can be avoided and in neoplasms appropriate surgery can be planned. An accurate cytological diagnosis is often possible but may sometimes require the expertise of the cytopathology and use of ancillary techniques KEYWORDS Salivary Gland, Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology, Benign Tumours, Pleomorphic Adenoma, Warthin’s Tumour, Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma, Salivary Duct Carcinoma
Role of Sediment Cytology in the Early Diagnosis of Bone Lesions and Its Comparison with Histopathological Findings
Authors: K.P. Aiswarya , V.S Priya , M.L Deepthi Raj , K Indira
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND Though histopathology is the gold standard investigation for diagnosing most benign and malignant lesions of bone, the decalcification process required for removing bone hardness makes it a time-consuming process. Sediment cytology is a rapid investigative procedure utilising the cells in the specimen containers after proper fixation, processing and staining. The objective of this study was to compare the diagnostic efficacy of sediment cytology of bone lesions with the histopathology. METHODS The study was conducted in 50 samples of bony tissues received in the histopathology lab during the study time. The fixative fluid containing specimens were first agitated for procuring the cells from the sample. The sediment obtained was processed and stained as a cytology sample and studied under microscope. Based on cytology findings they were classified into benign, malignant, inflammatory and inconclusive. The specimen was processed as routine histopathologic sample and final diagnosis was made from it. RESULTS Sediment cytology of malignant bone lesions showed a very high specificity (100 %) but only a moderate sensitivity of 80 %. Sediment cytology of benign bone lesions also showed a higher specificity of 100 % but only a moderate sensitivity of 84.6 %. CONCLUSIONS If adequately cellular, biopsy sediment cytology is a simple, inexpensive, rapid tool for the early diagnosis of bone lesions. Sediment cytology can act as a good complementary test to histopathology. KEYWORDS Bone Lesions, Cytology, Sediment Cytology, Histopathology
A Study of Histopathological Findings in Neonatal Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Early and Late Term Infants
Authors: O.H. Radhika Krishna , Aleem Mohammed Abdul , Kotaiah Mandakini , Kota Ramesh Reddy
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND Neonatal necrotising enterocolitis (NNEC) is very common among premature infants. However, its incidence in term babies has also been on the rise. It is a potentially devastating condition with variable mortality. The diagnosis and management of NNEC is clinically supported by modified Bell’s grading. In cases where surgical resection of bowel is performed, histological findings are rarely given much importance. In this study, we have studied the histopathology of resected bowel in NNEC in term babies and correlated these findings with the age of the neonate and also with modified Bell’s grading. METHODS 25 cases of small bowel specimens of term infants received at the pathology department of a tertiary paediatric referral hospital were studied in detail for gross and microscopic features. The histological parameters considered were transmural coagulative necrosis, granulation tissue, crypt distortion, pseudomembrane formation, villous atrophy and pneumatosis intestinalis. These findings were compared with the age of the neonates and also correlated with the modified Bell’s grading. The clinical presentation and histology were also compared in early presenting term neonates less than a week in age and term infants of more than a week. RESULTS We found early neonates of age less than a week to have higher Bell’s grading and more severe histology. CONCLUSIONS Term neonates also present with severe NNEC, requiring surgical resection of the bowel. Early presentation and higher Bell’s grading are associated with more severe histopathological changes. KEYWORDS NNEC, Term Neonates, Bell’s Grading, Histopathology
Prescribing Pattern of Drugs in Outdoor Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Relation to the Duration of Diabetes in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital – A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Gupta Himani , Gupta Seema , Mahajan Vivek , Bhat Nusrat Kareem , Kotwal Suman Kumar
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND The current study was undertaken to evaluate the prescribing pattern of drugs in relation to the duration of diabetes in outdoor patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a tertiary care teaching hospital. There is scanty data on assessment of prescribing pattern of antidiabetic drugs in relation to the duration of diabetes especially from Indian population and no such study has been cited in our setup. METHODS This is a prospective observational study conducted in outdoor patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus for a period of 6 months. Our study sample included 155 patients whose prescriptions were analysed and detailed information such as demographic details, presenting complaints, past medical history of patients were recorded in their patient profile form after taking informed consent from those patients who fulfilled our study criteria. RESULTS Data of 155 patients was collected and analysed. The average age was 51.21 ± 9.73 with 92 % of patients being more than 40 years of age and most of the patients (50 %) have diabetes of duration < 5 years. The female to male ratio was 1.76. A Multidrug antidiabetic regimen (72 %) was more common than monotherapy (28 %). Commonly prescribed drugs were biguanides (metformin) (87 %) followed by sulfonylureas (SU) (45 %), dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor (DPP4i) (42 %), and insulin (14 %). Metformin was the most commonly used drug followed by glimepiride and teneligliptin. Drug combinations were more common than a single drug. Metformin + glimepiride was the most common drug combination followed by metformin + teneligliptin. Commonly prescribed drugs for comorbid conditions were telmisartan, levothyroxine and atorvastatin. CONCLUSIONS It was found that the prescribing pattern of drugs was mostly as per the recommendations of different guidelines. The study exhibited a significant increase in the utilization of two-drug combination therapies. Biguanides were the most commonly prescribed oral hypoglycaemic and metformin with glimepiride has been widely used. There was a proportionate rise in the use of insulin with an increase in the duration of diabetes. Brand names were commonly used compared to generic names, so we need to promote generic prescriptions. KEYWORDS Antidiabetic Drugs, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Prescribing Pattern, Duration of Diabetes
O profeta e o livro sagrado do livre mercado: Hayek e O Caminho da Servidão nos Estados Unidos
Authors: Onofre Gabriel Da Fonseca
Published: February 2021

O artigo analisa a importância de Hayek e seu livro O Caminho da Servidão para o fortalecimento de uma rede internacional a favor das ideias de defesa do capitalismo de livre mercado. Nos Estados Unidos, as elites políticas, econômicas e intelectuais, insatisfeitas com o programa do New Deal, não conseguiam avançar uma agenda econômica crítica ao programa do presidente Franklin Roosevelt nos anos 1930. Em meados da década seguinte, o lançamento e a popularidade do livro do intelectual austríaco serviram como inspiração e referência para novas iniciativas críticas às políticas do governo democrata.  Neste sentido, com o apoio dos empresários, Hayek teve um papel-central no desenvolvimento de uma comunidade de indivíduos e instituições (think tanks) responsáveis pelo avanço das ideias do liberalismo econômico no país.  
A nova aliança de Abraão: elementos estratégicos do apoio dos Estados Unidos a Israel na revista ‘Foreign Affairs’ (1945-1975)
Authors: Lino Flavio Henrique
Published: February 2021

     O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar a construção e a manutenção do apoio dos Estados Unidos a Israel, a partir dos argumentos que privilegiaram o valor estratégico e militar dessa aliança. Com esse propósito, foi escolhida a revista “Foreign Affairs”, publicada pelo Council on Foreign Relations, organização privada baseada em Nova York que reúne importantes membros do establishment da política externa americana e uma das mais influentes em sua área de atuação. Procurei identificar, entre 1945 e 1975, os elementos do debate entre os defensores e os detratores da aliança que pudessem justificar o sólido posicionamento adotado pelos Estados Unidos, contrastando-os com os próprios interesses nacionais do país durante  o período da Guerra Fria.
Entre as relações de força e o consenso: as políticas anti-migratórias e os trabalhadores-cassacos no contexto das secas da década de 1950
Authors: De Castro Lara
Published: February 2021

Durante as estiagens na década de 1950, diversas frentes de serviços foram organizadas no Nordeste pelo Poder Executivo, via Ministério da Viação e Obras Públicas, sob a justificativa de empregar os pobres das secas e controlar também as migrações para os estados de outras regiões. No Ceará, milhares de trabalhadores foram alistados em obras de açudagem, estradas de rodagem, redes de irrigação, eletricidade, prédios públicos, entre outras, protagonizando a edificação de uma volumosa estrutura em todo o estado. Um estudo das políticas antimigratórias, das quais faziam parte as frentes de trabalho que empregou os sujeitos desta pesquisa e as medidas de contenção de migrantes nas fronteiras e uma apreciação geral sobre o cenário em que se assentou o universo de trabalho das obras públicas durante as secas de 1950 são objeto desse artigo.
A garimpagem de ouro na ocupação, povoamento e definição dos limites entre Brasil e Guiana Francesa
Authors: Souza Góes David
Published: February 2021

Considerando que as fronteiras definidas pelos Estados condicionam o movimento das populações, as quais respondem de diferentes maneiras aos efeitos desses limites, este artigo objetiva analisar a mobilidade dos agentes envolvidos em atividades vinculadas à garimpagem de ouro na ocupação, povoamento e definição do limite franco-brasileiro, precipuamente daqueles agentes que tiveram as comunidades localizadas no rio Oiapoque como apoio logístico. Baseando-se no método materialismo histórico e dialético, observou-se que esses agentes, com suas atividades e suas práticas espaciais, foram e são centrais na ocupação, povoamento e urbanização na fronteira franco-brasileira, em especial na cidade de Oiapoque, que ainda hoje apresenta dinâmicas socioeconômicas decorrentes da garimpagem informal aurífera na área de contato entre Brasil e Guiana Francesa. Essa constatação ratifica a necessidade de se reconhecer a diversidade que configura os processos de mobilidade humana e de urbanização na região que, em muito, decorrem de processos extra-locais, em especial nas cidades fronteiriças.
Escravidão e ensino de história: uma proposta de análise à luz do Plano Nacional do Livro Didático de 2017
Authors: Monti Carlo Guimarães , Da Silva Karine Barbosa
Published: February 2021

Este artigo busca compreender e averiguar como a temática escravista vem sendo tratada nos livros didáticos de história, correspondentes ao 7° e 8° ano do Ensino Fundamental, aprovados no último Guia do Programa Nacional do Livro Didático (PNLD), através da metodologia da Análise de Conteúdo. São discutidos aspectos diversos acerca das políticas que cercam o material, a fim de perceber se as mudanças incitadas pelas leis 10.639/03 e 11.645/08 tem surtido efeito para a revisão de qualquer conteúdo que possa ser tomado como racista ou preconceituoso no ambiente escolar brasileiro. Após o complexo trabalho de análise qualitativa dessas obras, constatou-se, por conseguinte, a existência de permanências significativas no que cerne à veiculação de estereótipos relacionados aos escravizados e aos afrodescendentes, o que acaba regularizando e fomentando diversas atitudes racistas que tanto ocorre na nossa sociedade.
Ensino de História e o direito ao passado
Authors: Dias de Oliveira Margarida Maria
Published: February 2021

Conferência realizada no II Encontro de Ensino de História - ProfHistoria Unifap em dezembro de 2019
METODOLOGIAS SUBTERRÂNEAS DO PROCESSO CRIATIVO TERNURA
Authors: Benicio Raimundo Kleberson de Oliveira , CAMPOS Cecília Lauritzen Jácome
Published: February 2021

São apresentados diversos parâmetros metodológicos na tentativa de criar um “entre”, dando abertura para clarificar estratégias por meio de rastros e reflexões, a partir percepções relacionadas ao processo criativo Ternura (2016), cuja peça se insere como parte do repertório do grupo Trupe dos Pensantes (Crato/CE).Desta forma, as descrições ressaltam a importância dos estudos sobre nossas criações, compreendendo-os como fontes inesgotáveis de pesquisas que sempre escondem rastros ainda inexploráveis das percepções, elencando o que pode ser visível e invisível na nossa percepção.

Palavras-chave: Processo criativo, Pedagogia do Ator, Encenação Contemporânea.

 Several methodological parameters are presented in an attempt to create a "between", opening to clarify strategies through traces and reflections, from perceptions related to the creative process Tenderness (2016), whose piece is inserted as part of the repertoire of the Trupe dos Thinkers (Crato / CE) group. In this way, the descriptions emphasize the importance of studies on our creations, understanding them as inexhaustible sources of research that always hide still unexplored traces of perceptions, listing what may be visible and invisible in our perception.

Keywords: Creative process, Actor's Pedagogy, Contemporary Staging.
A SALA DE AULA EN(CENA): análise de metodologias de criação cênica em encenações na Escola Básica
Authors: Gomes da Rocha Fernanda Marília
Published: February 2021

Este trabalho propõe-se a investigar abordagens e metodologias de criação cênica utilizadas para produzir teatro na escola, a partir de dados da pesquisa de campo realizada no ano de 2016 durante o processo de doutoramento.  Através de entrevista com uma professora de teatro e observação participante de processos de criação cênica em suas aulas, foi possível levantar alguns aspectos a respeito de encaminhamentos pedagógicos na situação do processo criativo e encenação a serem analisados neste artigo. Para tanto parte-se do estudo de autores como Viola Spolin, Joaquim Gama, Célida Salume Mendonça e da pesquisa de Doutorado em andamento intitulada Produzir processos, processar produtos: desafios e possibilidades da encenação teatral no contexto da Educação Básica, realizada no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Artes Cênicas da UFRGS. 

Palavras-chave: Metodologias de Criação Cênica, Pedagogia do Teatro, Educação Básica.

 
O MERGULHO DO CORPO: Hélio Oiticica, uma peça fundamental para aproximações e/ou repulsas entre noções conceituais de performance e a arte experimental no Brasil em meados do século XX.
Authors: Lampe de Araujo Everton
Published: February 2021

Hélio Oiticica é um artista LGBTI+ muito conhecido no circuito das artes em geral e no meio intelectual, isso por sua grande contribuição às discussões artísticas e sociais principalmente nos anos 60 e 70 no Brasil e suas reverberações até os dias de hoje. A opção por ele tomada em relação ao experimental é bastante ampla e contempla, através de seus vários desdobramentos, múltiplas acepções, sentidos e cauções quer para apoiar sua produção artística, quer orientar sua vida pessoal, através de vínculos dificilmente dissociáveis. Desse modo, esse trabalho se detém sobre os aspectos performáticos de seu percurso artístico.
Nota Sobre o Frege de Evans
Authors: Salles Sagid
Published: February 2021

 

Evans famosamente declarou que Frege não aceitou a possibilidade de sentido sem referente, o que significa que ele não foi tão tolerante com nomes vazios quanto comumente se pensa. Um problema central para a tese de Evans é que Frege diz explicitamente que aceita esta possibilidade, e parece que ele de fato foi tolerante com nomes vazios. Neste artigo, defendo que a solução de Evans para este problema implica que Frege estava comprometido com uma explicação implausível das frases contendo nomes vazios.
A aporía democrática: o caminho de Prometeu
Authors: Menezes Luiz Maurício Bentim da Rocha
Published: February 2021

Desde a antiguidade, a democracia apresenta-se como uma espécie de aporía política, pois ao mesmo tempo em que permite a liberdade a todos os cidadãos, ela também nos traz a problemática do conhecimento para governar. Afinal, todos os cidadãos são tão aptos a governar como o são para votar ou haveria uma autoridade epistêmica para se julgar as decisões políticas? Segundo o mito de Prometeu, há uma aporia sobre a humanidade que será solucionada através do roubo do fogo e da arte (téchne) divinos. No caso do mito, a aporía se resolve no ensino das artes aos homens, sendo cada uma delas específica a cada tipo humano. A exceção se dá com a arte política, que é distribuída igualitariamente por Zeus. Dessa forma, todos os humanos estariam aptos a deliberar sobre a política. Nosso intuito com este trabalho é fazer uma analogia entre o mito de Prometeu e a democracia contemporânea, fazendo o contraste entre liberdade e autoridade, de maneira que possamos identificar problemas e propor soluções para essa forma de governo.
A mecânica do vírus: perspectivas filosóficas
Authors: Menezes Luiz Maurício Bentim da Rocha
Published: February 2021

Desde o final do ano de 2019, o novo coronavírus (covid-19) vem preocupando a população global devido ao crescente aumento de casos de pessoas infectadas e de mortes causadas pelo vírus. Independentemente do resultado da pandemia, é certo que o mundo não mais será como antigamente. Mas que mundo se formará após a epidemia viral? Esse trabalho tem o intuito de discutir as capacidades que temos para construir o porvir. Isto é, os mundos possíveis ainda não explorados e suas perspectivas diante dos sintomas pelos quais sofremos com o devir. Em nosso artigo, pretendemos explorar as possibilidades filosóficas, antropológicas, econômicas e políticas com as novas tecnologias, em uma tentativa de construir uma experiência mental através da analogia com a máquina e sua relação com o mundo.
Pandemia e biopolítica: uma leitura foucaultiana sobre as intervenções de Agamben e Esposito
Authors: Gesueli Fábio Gonzaga , Passos Eduardo Arruda
Published: February 2021

Os filósofos Giorgio Agamben e Roberto Esposito mobilizaram as suas concepções de biopolítica para opinarem sobre a pandemia do vírus SARS-CoV-2. O objetivo deste artigo é fazer uma leitura foucaultiana sobre esses posicionamentos. Nossa proposta se fundamenta em três momentos: uma análise do conceito de biopolítica a partir dos cursos de Foucault no Collège de France; em seguida fazemos uma análise das intervenções de Agamben e de Esposito à luz de suas propostas de biopolítica; por fim, tais leituras serão movimentadas a partir de propostas metodológicas que dão preferência à “um uso” dos textos de Foucault na perspectiva da “caixa de ferramentas” e dos “textos-bombas”, realizando uma leitura que se apoia no potencial crítico das formulações do filósofo francês.
O problema do argumento do quarto chinês para a superinteligência de Bostrom
Authors: De Oliveira Gustavo Coelho
Published: February 2021

Um dos problemas a serem superados pelos defensores de uma IA forte é o argumento do quarto chinês de J. Searle. Este artigo propôs-se a analisar se o argumento estruturado no experimento de pensamento do quarto chinês foi refutado pelo modelo de superinteligência. Analisamos o modelo de N. Bostrom e o argumento de S. Bringsjord e verificamos não serem eles suficientes para rejeitar qualquer premissa do argumento de Searle.
Cardiac Manifestations Following Electrical Injury: An Overview
Authors: Pratiwi I Gusti AIH , Purwanthi I Gusti AP
Published: February 2021

Cardiac manifestations are the effects of an electrical injury that could be life-threatening. Although it is rare, arrhythmias and myocardial tissue injuries are the two major cardiac complications that can happen after electrical injury. Lack of recommendation and review makes it confusing to physicians in managing electrical injury patients with cardiovascular complications. This article provides an overview of electrical injuries, the cardiac manifestations that can occur, and management of electrical injuries that focus on cardiac effects.
Influence of low-frequency ultrasonic cavitation on the severity Of clinical symptoms in complex therapy of exacerbations Of chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors:   South Urals State Medical University,  Chelyabinsk, 454092, Russia, Korkmazov M. Yu. , Korkmazov A. M. ,   South Urals State Medical University,  Chelyabinsk, 454092, Russia, Dubinets I. D. ,   South Urals State Medical University,  Chelyabinsk, 454092, Russia, Smirnov A. A. ,   South Urals State Medical University,  Chelyabinsk, 454092, Russia, Kornova N. V. ,   South Urals State Medical University,  Chelyabinsk, 454092, Russia
Published: February 2021

The variability of clinical course and frequent exacerbations of chronic rhinosinusitis make it necessary to improve conservative therapy. According to current literature and EPOS 2020 data the main trends are aimed to improve drug treatment, while physiotherapy is rarely applied. The aim of the study was to increase clinical effectiveness of chronic rhinosinusitis exacerbations treatment by using low-frequency ultrasonic cavitation. Clinical examination and treatment of 57 patients with exacerbation of chronic rhinosinusitis and formation of two groups was carried out. The main group (34 patients), in addition to the conventional treatment, received a course of low-frequency ultrasonic cavitation irrigation of the nasal cavity (frequency – 29 kHz, amplitude – 25 µm), and the control group (23 patients) received a course of standard therapy in accordance with clinical recommendations. The treatment resulted in improvement of clinical symptoms and reduced disease recurrence rates in 31 (91,2%) patients in the main group and 16 (69,4%) patients in the control group. A satisfactory result was obtained in 3 (8,8%) patients in the main group and 6 (27,6%) in the control group. An unsatisfactory result was noted in one case in the control group.
New coronavirus infection in the practice of an otolaryngologist
Authors:   Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute,  Moscow, 129110, Russia, Egorov V. I. , Mustafaev D. M. ,   Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute,  Moscow, 129110, Russia, Kochneva A. O. ,   Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute,  Moscow, 129110, Russia, Komarova Zh. E. ,   Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute,  Moscow, 129110, Russia
Published: February 2021

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic that affects millions of people and kills hundreds of thousands of people. Chinese researchers found that the most common clinical manifestations of the disease were: fever, dry cough, shortness of breath, muscle weakness, muscle pain and various degrees of respiratory disorders. But despite this, a more in-depth understanding of COVID-19 revealed many other clinical manifestations. Cough, shortness of breath, sore throat, rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, acute tonsillitis, enlarged cervical lymph nodes, or dizziness are symptoms that an otolaryngologist may encounter when examining patients with COVID-19. And olfactory dysfunction has recently been recognized as an important symptom of COVID-19 and is increasingly being used as a tool to identify patients with COVID-19, particularly in cases of asymptomatic carriers who may unknowingly be the main cause of the spread of the disease. The analysis of detected cases of coronavirus infection and the diagnosis of upper respiratory pathologies in these patients, including olfactory dysfunction, allowed us to understand the frequency of their occurrence in the Moscow region, to compare with world data, and to evaluate their role, in the aspect of early diagnosis of COVID-19.
Kryterium celu poniesienia wydatku a koszty uzyskania przychodów – treść normatywna i implikacje antyabuzywne (artykuł dyskusyjny)
Authors: Filipczyk Hanna
Published: February 2021

W świetle art. 15 ust. 1 Ustawy z dnia 15 lutego 1992 r. o podatku dochodowym od osób prawnych kosztem uzyskania przychodów może być tylko wydatek (koszt) spełniający przesłankę celu w ujęciu subiektywnym: taki, że osiągnięcie przychodów podatkowych lub zachowanie albo zabezpieczenie jego źródła było samoistnym (nieinstrumentalnym) celem podatnika, który wydatek (koszt) ten poniósł. Warunek ten nie jest spełniony w przypadku wydatków (kosztów) dokonanych w celu poniesienia straty podatkowej. W konsekwencji zastosowanie przepisu polegające na odmowie uznania wydatku (kosztu) za koszt uzyskania przychodów w niektórych przypadkach może udaremnić podjętą przez podatnika próbę unikania opodatkowania.
El peso de Sodoma: el caso del doctor Manuel Barros de San Millán como arma política en el virreinato peruano a fines del siglo XVI
Authors: Mori Bolo Giancarlo
Published: February 2021

El presente artículo analiza el papel que tuvo el proceso por sodomía del doctor Manuel Barros de San Millán (1532- ¿?), presidente de la Audiencia de Quito, en la crisis política desatada por la imposición de la alcabala a finales del siglo XVI en el virreinato peruano. De carácter intransigente, Barros fue un burócrata con una carrera colmada de conflictos y choques con otros poderes del Perú colonial. Desde su llegada en 1560, su falta de tino solo entorpeció su labor y lo expuso a venganzas de diversa índole. Por eso, cuando su exesclavo declaró haber iniciado sus prácticas sodomíticas con él, sus enemigos no dudaron en usar esta acusación en su contra. Como se demostrará, el proceso contra Barros por haber cometido el pecado nefando tuvo como objetivo deslegitimarlo políticamente al cuestionar su masculinidad. Con ello lograron, finalmente, desterrarlo para siempre del Nuevo Mundo.
Los retos ambientales y sociales de la reactivación económica post cuarentena
Authors: Gamboa Balbín César Leonidas
Published: February 2021

La pandemia del COVID-19 ha generado una crisis humanitaria y económica a nivel global, y Perú, especialmente, ha sido golpeado por este virus. Después de la finalización de la cuarentena (01 de julio), la nueva normalidad ha impuesto nuevas reglas de convivencia —como el distanciamiento social—, y bajo la presión de diversos actores económicos, el Gobierno peruano viene impulsando un plan de reactivación económica en cuatro fases controladas para acelerar el crecimiento económico que ha decaído en 15% del PBI. Sin embargo, el costo de esta reactivación se viene centrando en impactos ambientales y sociales de las inversiones. En ese sentido, analizaremos cómo los antecedentes de planes de recuperación económica (2013), el contexto político en el que vivimos y el nuevo marco legal —así como propuestas de normas— pueden contribuir a un mayor impacto ambiental y social. No solo mostraremos que tienen una inconsistencia normativa con la regulación que las precedió, sino que no hay certeza de la efectividad de su cometido, poder reactivar la economía peruana desde criterios de sostenibilidad y un enfoque de derechos humanos.
Iglesia, justicia y liberación. La historia social y la obra de Jeffrey Klaiber S. J.
Authors: Cosamalón Aguilar Jesús A.
Published: February 2021

Una de las preguntas centrales en la obra intelectual de Jeffrey Klaiber S. J. es hasta qué punto las características internas de la Iglesia católica latinoamericana y peruana se relacionaron con las sociedades que las albergaban. Este artículo examina ese aspecto en profundidad y plantea que los trabajos de Klaiber constituyen una historia de la Iglesia “desde abajo”. En ese sentido, se apunta que varias interpretaciones del historiador jesuita sobre la Iglesia latinoamericana están permeadas por categorías de la historia social. Particularmente, se detiene a observar la compleja relación entre la Iglesia, la sociedad y los Estados desde la colonia hasta los siglos XIX y XX, así como el rol de las organizaciones católicas en la defensa de los derechos humanos en las décadas finales del siglo XX.
Jeffrey Klaiber y la educación moral y ciudadana
Authors: Frisancho Susana
Published: February 2021

En este artículo analizo la postura que el padre Jeffrey Klaiber tuvo acerca del importante rol de la razón y la autonomía para el desarrollo de la conciencia ciudadana y para la construcción de personas justas y éticas. De un modo anecdótico, y haciendo una revisión de algunos de sus escritos, este texto nos presenta a Jeffrey Klaiber no sólo como historiador sino fundamentalmente como un educador plenamente consciente de la necesidad de fomentar la autonomía personal como  fuente regulación de la acción, y como un elemento indispensable para una convivencia democrática.
Assessment of Native Flora Species in Relation to Soil Profile on Mount Kasunogan
Authors: BALT BEN RASHID , BERONIO KRYSTEL , CUIZON MITZI , GERON MARY ANTONETTE , LICARDO PAUL MERLOU , PELIGRO JOHN ADRIAN REY
Published: February 2021

Biodiversity is the basis of the state of an ecosystem and our entire planet. This study aims to assess the soil profile’s effects on the native flora species on mount Kasunogan. The research was conducted on the west ridge of mount Kasunogan in Barangay Aclan, Nasipit, Agusan del Norte. Flora species of shrubby trees were assessed along with the soil profile on the area. The researchers established three quadrants where leaf and soil samples were taken for assessment. The botanical expedition on mount Kasunogan recorded 37 native flora species. The Malatambis was present on all quadrants, while other species occurred only in one or two quadrants. These flora species have characteristics that allowed them to thrive on the mountain. The soil was determined acidic, and nutrients like potassium, phosphorus, and organic matter mostly ranged from low to moderately low. Planting Falcata, Narra, and Agoho should be considered since these species can withstand intense exposure to sunlight and acidic soil. However, exotic plant plantations must be well studied because there were no exotic plants around in the area.
Soil Assessment in Mount Kasunogan’s West Ridge
Authors: ALMENDRAS MEVILREN , ESCAÑAN NINEVEH , GABRONINO ERICKA , LARITA KEVIN CLINT , OCHAVILLO JAN MEL XYLOR , TAGALO JONN VINCENT
Published: February 2021

The soil remains a fundamental asset to human survival and plant development. Soil degradation is additionally a major agricultural and ecological issue in the Philippines as it incredibly influences soil efficiency. This study focused on the soil in the west ridge of Mount Kasunogan, a notable constraint regarding the mountain’s soil quality. The quality of the soil hindered many people who had been trying to rehabilitate the mountain. This research was conceptualized to determine the soil’s soil content in the west ridge of Mount Kasunogan in terms of soil texture, organic matter content, available phosphorus, and exchangeable potassium. This study utilized simple random sampling to gather the soil samples and performed various soil test methods: Potentiometric Method, Walkley-Black Method, Cold-Sulfuric Acid Method, Olsen Method, and Feel Method. Results have shown that the soil in the west ridge is slightly acidic with a pH level of six and eighty-nine (6.89), has low available phosphorus content with one and four (1.4) ppm, moderately deficient exchangeable potassium content of thirty-eight and thirteen (38.13) ppm, and a low percentage of organic matter with only one and sixty-nine (1.69 %) percent. It was recommended that another soil sampling be done to the areas not covered by this study due to the steepness and vastness of the west ridge of Mount Kasunogan.
THE BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SELENIUM AND ITS PLACE IN RNA VIRAL DISEASES
Authors:   Institute of Biophysics, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences,, Guseynov T.M. , Guliyeva R.T. ,   Institute of Biophysics, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences,, Yakhyayeva F.R. ,   Institute of Biophysics, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences,
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT. Selenium as an essential trace element takes part in the regulation of many vital processes. This is realized with the help of over 25 selenoproteins that affect oxidative stress, immune response, hormonal metabolism, cognitive function, etc. Recently (in the next 30 - 40 years), there have been reports of the effect on viral infections, which have now become widespread. It turned out that almost all RNA viruses are selenium-dependent objects, that is, their genome contains the codes of the most important selenium containing proteins, including such as glutathione peroxidase, thioredoxinreductase, selenium-P protein, etc. Their synthesis during the development of a viral infection at the expense of the host leads to a weakening of the synthesis of the body's own intracellular selenium proteins, which contributes to the development of oxidative stress and a failure of the immune response. And this leads to the devastation of the selenium depot of the body, intended for the synthesis of its selenium proteins, which participate in vital regulatory processes. This circumstance determines, to replenish the body's resources with selenium, the expediency of using selenium-containing pharmacopoeia preparations as adjuvant in the treatment of RNA viral infections.
BRAND COMMUNITIES AND THEIR RELATIONSHIPS WITH ENGAGEMENT, REACTANCE AND INTENTIONS: A STUDY WITH OLD CAR CLUBS
Authors: Pinto Marcelo De Rezende , Andrade Matheus Lemos de , Batinga Georgiana Luna , Leite Ramon Silva
Published: February 2021

Este trabalho relata resultados de uma pesquisa cujo objetivo foi verificar em que medida diferentes aspectos do relacionamento com os consumidores com as comunidades de marca estão relacionados às intenções e aos comportamentos. A coleta de dados foi realizada com membros de clubes de carros antigos. Os dados foram analisados por meio da técnica de Modelagem de Equações Estruturais. Verificou-se que as pressões normativas da comunidade e a identificação da comunidade acabam influenciando positivamente o engajamento e a reatância. Ademais, esses dois últimos construtos também são mostrados como preditores de intenções de lealdade, para recomendar, continuar e participar da comunidade.
ABUSIVE SUPERVISION: A REVIEW OF THE SCIENTIFIC PRODUCTION IN THE LAST 20 YEARS
Authors: Baasch Davi , Feuerschütte Simone Ghisi , Braun Neto Jorge , Leite Leandro
Published: February 2021

A supervisão abusiva (SA) expressa ações de liderança reconhecida como hostil. Este artigo aborda a SA em contextos organizacionais, partindo de uma revisão da produção científica nos últimos vinte anos. Foram analisados 67 trabalhos teórico-empíricos. Encontramos 8 periódicos especializados com publicações a partir de 2006, e 185 autores com pesquisas conduzidas em 83 países. Tepper (2000) foi a principal referência indicada. A fonte principal dos dados são os subordinados. O delineamento quantitativo foi unânime, apresentando diferentes técnicas de análise dos dados. Modelos teóricos e analíticos predominantes, antecedentes e consequências de SA mais evidenciadas nas pesquisas são discutidos.
Protective Effect of Cassava Leaf Extract on Gentamicin-Induced Hepatotoxity In Mice
Authors: Dewi Rosita , Normasari Rena
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Gentamicin usage can cause the damage of liver structure and function. The basic mechanism inducing liver damage from gentamicin is lipid peroxidation in cell membrane and the suppresion of antioxidant defence system in liver. Antioxidant in cassava leaf such as vitamin C, carotene, flavonoid, dan mineral can protect liver from drug toxicity effect. This research aimed to determine hepatoprotective effect of cassava leaf through microscopic observation of liver histopathology slide of mice induced by gentamicin. The research design was post test only control group design. Mice were divided into five groups, normal group, positive control (gentamicin 80 mg/kg b.w.); P1, P2, and P3 (gentamicin 80 mg/kg b.w. and cassava leaf extract 150 mg/kg b.w., 300 mg/kg b.w., 450 mg/kg b.w. respectively, for 14 days). The average score of liver cell damage was determined by microscopic observation of 200 liver cells undergoing parenchymal degeneration, hidrophic degeneration, and necrosis. One Way Anova analysis showed significant difference among the groups (p<0,05) and Post Hoc Tukey HSD test showed that cassava leaf extract at the dose level of 450 mg/kg b.w. resulted significant liver cell characteristic improvement in liver histophatology slide (p<0,05) compared to positive control group. It could be concluded that cassava leaf extract had protective effect on gentamicin-induced hepatotoxicity in mice.

Keywords: cassava leaf extract, hepatotoxicity, gentamicin, liver histopathology
European Portuguese Version of the Clinical Frailty Scale: Translation, Cultural Adaptation and Validation Study
Authors: Pereira Pinto Mário , Martins Sónia , Mesquita Edgar , Fernandes Lia
Published: February 2021

Introduction: This study aims to describe the translation and adaptation of the European Portuguese Clinical Frailty Scale and assess its convergent validity and test-retest reliability.Material and Methods: This validation study included a sample of elderly people admitted in two convalescence units from the National Network of Integrated Continuous Care in Northern Portugal and followed in two outpatient clinics of social solidarity institutions. Convergent validity of the scale was evaluated, against Tilburg Frailty Indicator. Test-retest reliability, sensitivity and specificity were assessed.Results: Overall, 51 patients were included (mean age = 78 years old). The Clinical Frailty Scale identified 43.1% patients with frailty. Kappa values for test-retest reliability (non-frail/frail) was 1.00. The intraclass correlation coefficient for the 9-point total scale was 0.999. A correlation between Clinical Frailty Scale and Tilburg Frailty Indicator was also found (rs = 0.683; p < 0.001). The Cohen’s kappa coefficient was 0.423 in the agreement analysis between these scales. The results for sensitivity and specificity defined that 62.0% of patients were true positives and 81.8% true negatives. The scale accuracy determined by the receiver operating characteristics curve analysis was 0.782.Discussion: This scale showed an excellent test-retest reliability. Robust results on convergent validity were also achieved, with a moderate correlation and agreement with the Tilburg Frailty Indicator, showing good sensitivity and accuracy, as well as high specificity.Conclusion: This version has an excellent test-retest reliability and good convergent validity, and is both a reliable and valid test for application in clinical practice for assessing Portuguese elderly population admitted in convalescence units and outpatient clinics.
Feasibility of three-dimensional CT reconstruction in assessing mandibular fractures
Authors: Moura Victor Nogueira , Nogueira Emerson , Rodrigues Ewerton Daniel Rocha , Silva Caio Gonçalves , De Holanda Vasconcellos Ricardo José
Published: February 2021

Aim: Evaluation of the reliability of 3D computed tomography (3D-CT) in the diagnosis of mandibular fractures. Methods: A cross-sectional, quantitative and qualitative study was carried out, through the application of a questionnaire for 70 professionals in the area of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Radiology. 3D-CT images of mandibular fractures were delivered to the interviewees along with a questionnaire. Participants answered about the number of traces, the region and the type of fracture. The correct diagnosis, that is, the expected answer, was based on the reports of a specialist in oral and maxillofacial radiology after viewing the images in the axial, sagittal and coronal sections. The resulting data from the interviewees was compared with the expected answer and then, the data was analyzed statistically. Results: In the sample 56.9% were between 22 and 30 years old, 52.8% were oral and maxillofacial surgeons (OMF), 34.7% were residents in OMF surgery and 12.5% OMF radiologists. Each professional answered 15 questions (related to five patients) and 50.8% of the total of these was answered correctly. Specialists in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Traumatology correctly answered 53.9%. Interviewees with experience between 6 and 10 years correctly answered 58.2%. In identifying fracture traces, 46.1% of the questions were answered correctly. In terms of location, 5.6% of interviewees answered wrongly while 14.2% answered wrongly regarding classification. Conclusion: 3D computed tomography did not prove to be a reliable image for diagnosing mandibular fractures when used alone. This made necessary an association with axial, sagittal and coronal tomographic sections.
Effects of the intervention of the Multicenter Study IDEFICS on the prevalence of caries in Spanish children
Authors: Lages Vinícius Aguiar , Rando Meirelles Maria Paula , Batista Marília Jesus , Lino Carolina Matteussi , Costa Andréa Moscardini da , Moreno Aznar Luis Alberto , Sousa Maria da Luz Rosário de
Published: February 2021

Aim: To evaluate the effects of an intervention for the prevention of obesity on the prevalence of dental caries disease in Spanish children. Methods: Two cities participated intervention study nested in a cohort IDEFICS (Identification and prevention of dietary and lifestyle induced health effects in children and infants): Huesca, where there was a 2-year intervention, which encouraged less sugar consumption; and Zaragoza (control). The prevalence of caries was evaluated by examining the 1st permanent molars in the 7-11 age range, using the ICDAS (International Caries Detection and Assessment System). These teeth erupt at 6 years of age and at the baseline (2007-2008) were free of caries because they were not present in the oral cavity. As outcomes, white spots were selected, combining the ICDAS criteria 1 and 2, and untreated caries, combining criteria 4, 5 and 6. Their association with socioeconomic variables, BMI (Body Mass Index), frequency of sugar intake, sex and parents’ perceptions of their children, was investigated. To do so, the chi-square test was applied (p<0.05). Results: The sample consisted of 281 children. The prevalence of white spots and untreated caries was higher in Huesca, despite the intervention. There was no association between the outcomes and the variables studied (p>0.05). Conclusion: The intervention for the prevention of obesity did not exert any association with the prevalence of caries in Spanish children.
How are meta-analyses being conducted and reported in dentistry?
Authors: Lemes Leticia Tainá de Oliveira , Dotto Lara , Agostini Bernardo Antonio , Rocha Pereira Gabriel Kalil , Sarkis-Onofre Rafael
Published: February 2021

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate how meta-analyses are conducted and reported in dentistry. Methods: We conducted a search to identify dentistry-related Systematic Reviews (SRs) indexed in PubMed in 2017 (from January 01 until December 31) and published in the English language. We included only SRs reporting at least one meta-analysis. The study selection followed the 4-phase flow set forth in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Statement (PRISMA), and it was independently conducted by two researchers. Data extraction was performed by one of three reviewers, and data related to conducting and reporting of the meta-analysis were collected. Descriptive data analysis was performed summarizing frequencies for categorical items or median and interquartile range for continuous data. Results: We included 214 SRs with meta-analyses. Most of the studies reported in the title that a meta-analysis was conducted. We identified three critical flaws in the included studies: Ninety (90) meta-analyses (43.1%) did not specify the primary outcome; most of the meta-analyses reported that a measure of statistical heterogeneity was used to justify the use of a fixed-effect or random-effects meta-analysis model (n=114, 58.5%); and a great part did not assess publication bias (n=106, 49.5%). Conclusion: We identified deficiencies in the reporting and conduct of meta-analysis in dentistry, suggesting that there is room for improvement. Educational approaches are necessary to improve the quality of such analyses and to avoid biased and imprecise results.
Desenvolvimento de treinadores de tênis de mesa: iniciação esportiva
Authors:   Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Faculdade de Ciências Aplicadas, Belli Taisa , Galatti Larissa Rafaela ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Faculdade de Ciências Aplicadas
Published: February 2021

Este documento “Desenvolvimento de Treinadores de Tênis de Mesa: Iniciação Esportiva” consiste em um esforço conjunto da Confederação Brasileira de Tênis de Mesa (CBTM) e da Faculdade de Ciências Aplicadas – Universidade Estadual de Campinas (FCA-UNICAMP), tendo como autoras as professoras doutoras Taisa Belli e Larissa Rafaela Galatti. Representa o material descritivo do curso "Iniciação ao Tênis de Mesa", parte constituinte do Programa de Desenvolvimento de Treinadores da CBTM, evidenciando escopo integrado do Tênis de Mesa olímpico e paralímpico.
Uso de jogo educacional na engenharia civil
Authors: Lima Jessica Helena de , Lopes Danielly Amatte
Published: February 2021

Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar e discutir os resultados da inclusão de uma alternativa educacional ativa - o jogo de tabuleiro DIMENSIONE, criado pelas autoras – de modo a avaliar o seu impacto no processo de ensino e aprendizagem dos alunos da disciplina de Pavimentação do curso de engenharia civil da Universidade Federal de Alagoas. Os alunos utilizaram o jogo e o avaliaram com uso de questionário. Foi realizada uma análise sobre as respostas dos alunos que permitiu concluir que 63% destes observaram melhora nos aspectos motivação, experiência do usuário e conhecimento após utilizar o DIMENSIONE como complemento do aprendizado na disciplina de Pavimentação. Espera-se que este jogo seja implementado em mais universidades e possa ajudar a tornar mais eficiente e divertido o ensino do método de dimensionamento de pavimentos.