bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE DIVERSITY OF BUTTERFLY IN AIR DINGIN LANDFILLS, BALAI GADANG, PADANG CITY
Authors: Muhelni Leila , Anwar Hendra
Published: October 2020

The study of butterfly in the in Air Dingin Landfills needs to be carried out to find out what types of butterflies are in this area and how their diversity is, given the increasing area of Landfills that will change the surrounding environment into a place of rubbish heap. The study was conducted by implementing survey method with insect net. The collection of butterflies was carried out in 2 periods (2x6 = 12 days) in April-June 2019 during sunny weather from 09:00 – 12:00 of Western Indonesian Time. All butterflies were collected at ±5 m distance from the collector. The data was analysed to calculate abundance, relative abundance, frequency of the presence of butterfly, and determine diversity was conducted by using the Shannon-Wiener Index and Evenness index. The results obtained 5 families, 14 genera, 22 species, and 220 individuals consisting of 122 males and 98 females. The diversity index value obtained was 2.27 and categorised as the medium category it is mostly because, as assumed, the environmental conditions of the Air Dingin Landfills were still in good condition.
Utilização de soro de leite e amido na produção de doce de leite pastoso: rendimento, composição, perfil de textura, viscosidade e avaliação sensorial de aceitação
Authors: Guerra Carolina Rodrigues Alves , Marinho Sabrina Domingues Graça Assis , Stephani Rodrigo , Renhe Isis Rodrigues Toledo , Carvalho Antônio Fernandes de , Perrone Ítalo Tuler
Published: October 2020

O soro pode ser empregado na produção do doce de leite desde que a composição do produto final esteja de acordo com a legislação. Neste estudo, misturas de leite, soro, açúcar e amido foram utilizadas para a produção de doce de leite. De acordo com os resultados, os doces com 15% de adição de soro e sem adição de soro, ambos sem adição de amido, configuraram as melhores formulações sob o aspecto de aceitação sensorial. Misturas de 30% de soro com 70% de leite empregando ou não amido não diferiram estatisticamente entre si segundo a análise de aceitação sensorial, contudo apresentam composição não conforme com a legislação. Nas condições do experimento, valores mais elevados de dureza, gomosidade, adesividade e viscosidade implicaram em notas mais elevadas na análise sensorial. Os efeitos da adição de soro e amido no rendimento e na composição do doce de leite são descritos.
Caracterização da superfície de partículas de produtos lácteos desidratados
Authors: Toledo Paulo Henrique De Melo , Pereira João Pablo Fortes , Perrone Ítalo Tuler , Carvalho Antônio Fernandes , Oliveira Luiz Fernando Cappa , Stephani Rodrigo
Published: October 2020

Durante o processo de produção ou estocagem dos lácteos desidratados, os constituintes do leite podem sofrer redistribuições, resultando em uma heterogeneidade entre a superfície e seu interior. O principal objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar o mapeamento das superfícies de diferentes produtos lácteos desidratados, com o uso combinado da espectroscopia Raman e a microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) acoplada à espectroscopia por energia dispersiva (EDS). Caracterizou-se as superfícies das partículas em ambos os instrumentos e realizou-se o mapeamento, dentro de populações específicas. A proposta de associar as diferentes técnicas visou, além de obter dados complementares, mostrar que é possível avançar na pesquisa dos produtos lácteos, quando se analisa as partículas sob diferentes perspectivas analíticas. Todas as análises foram realizadas a partir de produtos industrializados com lotes, datas de fabricação e validade monitoradas. A partir da análise dos perfis espectroscópicos das partículas foi possível verificar diferenças tanto do conjunto de partículas bem como das partículas alvo isoladamente. Foi possível realizar a caracterização das partículas utilizando diferentes técnicas analíticas fornecendo um conjunto de dados que amplia informações acerca das partículas dos pós estudados.
Avaliação sensorial e físico-química de doce de leite pastoso contendo diferentes concentrações de soro de leite
Authors: Vilela Maria Eduarda , Martins Braz Juliana , Mariano Mirelle Maira , Goes Bullhões Nathalie , Castro dos Santos Douglas , Borges de Lima Dutra Mariana
Published: October 2020

A fabricação de queijos gera soro como subproduto, porém a maioria dos laticínios o descarta, sem o correto tratamento para este resíduo, gerando grande impacto ambiental. O doce de leite é uma sobremesa láctea de grande importância para a economia brasileira e, portanto, a utilização do soro como substituição parcial do leite é um fator preponderante no que se refere ao aumento da lucratividade dessas empresas, bem como à diminuição dos problemas ambientais relacionados. Sendo assim, o objetivo do trabalho foi compreender a influência nas características organolépticas da substituição parcial do leite integral por soro de leite em formulações de doce de leite e determinar suas características físico-químicas. Foram realizadas seis formulações com diferentes concentrações de soro, para posterior avaliação sensorial quanto aos atributos de aparência, sabor, textura, aroma e impressão global, bem como o teste do ideal para gosto doce, consistência e intenção de compra. As análises físico-químicas realizadas foram as de umidade, proteína, textura, °Brix, lipídios, colorimetria e pH. A partir da análise dos resultados, observou-se que os doces mais aceitos sensorialmente foram as formulações 3 e 4, com substituição parcial do leite por 33,33% e 41,67%, respectivamente. Diante destes resultados, podemos afirmar que a substituição parcial de leite por soro de leite é uma alternativa viável dentro do intervalo compreendido pelas amostras mais aceitas.
Efisiensi Penyisihan Kadar Amoniak Limbah Cair Rumah Sakit dengan Proses Adsorpsi Karbon Aktif Bijih Plastik
Authors: Ruhmawati Tati , Budiasyah Teguh , Setiawan Ridwan
Published: October 2020

Latar Belakang: Tingginya kunjungan pasien akan meningkatkan kandungan amoniak limbah cair rumah sakit.Kadar amoniak yang tinggi menimbulkan pencemaran perairan. Adsorpsi karbon aktif merupakan teknologi alternatif dalam menurunkan kadar amoniak limbah cair.Tujuan penelitian ingin mengetahui pengaruh variasi waktu kontak karbon aktif bijih plastik terhadap penurunan kadar amoniak limbah cair rumah sakit.Metode: Jenis penelitian eksperimen dengan rancangan pretest-postest dengan kontrol. Populasi, seluruh air limbah yang diambil dari influent RSUD Al Ihsan Kabupaten Bandung, sedangkan sampel sebagian air limbah  yang diambil dari populasi dengan teknik pengambilan gabungan waktu.Data yang telah terkumpul dianalisis menggunakan uji anova.Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata persentase penurunan kadar amoniak untuk waktu kontak 60 menit 18,40%, 90 menit35,07 %, dan 120 menit 48,77 %. Hasil uji Anova diperoleh nilai p 0,001 lebih kecil dari 0,05 (α 5%).Simpulan:Terdapat pengaruh yang bermakna antara variasi waktu kontak karbon aktif bijih plastik terhadap penurunan kadar amoniak limbah cair.  ABSTRACTTitle : Elimination Efficiency of Ammonia Content of Hospital Liquid Waste with Active Carbon Plastic Ore Adsorption.Background: Considerable visits from patients increases the content of ammonia within the liquid waste of the hospital which, in turn, results in water pollution. Adsorption of active carbon is an alternative technology in reducing the ammonia level of liquid waste. This research aims at revealing the contact time of active carbon plastic ore towards the degression of ammonia level of liquid waste. Method: This research was an experiment designed by pretest-posttest design with control. The population of the research was all the liquid waste taken from the influent of RSUD Al Ihsan Bandung, while the sample of the research was taken from the population by time combiningcollection technique. The collected data was then analyzed using anova. Result: The results of the research show that the average of the degression percentage for contact time of sixty minutes is 18.40%, 90 minutes 35.07%, and 120 minutes 48.77%. The value of t acquired from anova testing is 0.001, smaller than degression of ammonia level of liquid waste. Conclusion: There is a significant effect between the variation of contact time of plastic ore activated carbon to the decrease in the level of liquid waste ammonia.
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Authors: Editor Editor
Published: October 2020

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Analisis Tipologi Variabel Strategis pada Pengembangan Kawasan Ekowisata Kedung Ombo
Authors: Ariyani Nafiah , Fauzi Akhmad
Published: October 2020

The Kedung Ombo Reservoir area, which is rich in natural resources, has the potential to be developed as an ecotourism area, but institutional issues and policy focus bias have hampered its development. This study aims to identify strategic variables in the region and find a description of the interdependent relationship between these variables, which is useful in determining the right policy. Research data were obtained through focus group discussions and workshops. Data analysis using Micmac method. The results of the study determine 31 (thirty one) strategic variables in the development of the Kedung Ombo ecotourism area which are grouped into typologies as follows: (1) determinant variables, consisting of: special regulations and permits; (2) relay variable, consisting of: community involvement, tourism business potential, infrastructure readiness, tourism awareness, transportation, tourists, tourist attractions, accommodation, tourism promotion, tourism services, private investment, governance, coordination, role of apparatus and information; (3) autonomous variables, consisting of: local entrepreneurial abilities, developer's understanding of local norms, natural beauty, environmental carrying capacity, and accessibility; and (4) dependent variables such as: tax income, retribution income, availability of funds for the community, preservation of local wisdom, expansion of employment opportunities, conservation of reservoir functions, forest preservation, welfare improvement, and poverty reduction. This research also produces a sequence of priority scales of these strategic variables which is very useful for policy makers in directing the focus of policies to ensure the successful development of the Kedung Ombo ecotourism in a sustainable manner.
Uroflowmetry in Non-Monosymptomatic Nocturnal Enuresis in Children of Coastal Region of Croatia
Authors: Prgomet Sandra , Saraga Marjan , Benzon Sandra , Turudić Daniel , Ledina Dragan , Milošević Danko
Published: October 2020

Purpose: The aim of the study was to describe clinical characteristics and bladder assessment in children with Non-Monosymptomatic Nocturnal Enuresis (NMNE) in coastal region of Croatia. Materials and methods: Records on 85 patients with NMNE were retrospectively reviewed. Bladder assessments were performed in all children. In this research we: (i) compare clinical characteristics and features of bladder assessment: uroflowmetry, post void residuals (PVR) and bladder wall thickness between boys and girls with NMNE and we compare (ii) clinical characteristics and bladder assessment between children with primary and secondary NMNE. Results: There were 46 girls and 39 boys. The total of 59 children had primary NMNE and 26 children had secondary NMNE. Uroflow pattern was abnormal in 42% of all children with NMNE. Abnormal uroflow pattern in children with NMNE was more often in girls than in boys (P < 0.05) and in children with secondary than in children with primary NMNE (P < 0.05). Ultrasound evidence of bladder wall thickness was more frequent in boys than in girls. Girls were more likely to have dysfunctional voiding and larger residual urinary volume than boys. Conclusions: Abnormal uroflow pattern in children with NMNE was more often in girls than boys and in children with secondary than in children with primary NMNE.
Anomalous Course of Accessory Splenic Arteries in Gastrosplenic Ligament: Case Report and Clinico-Embryological Basis
Authors: Ramakrishnan Rajprasath , Viswakumar Dinesh Kumar , Goriparthi Bhavani Prasad
Published: October 2020

Accessory splenic arteries in the gastrosplenic ligament constitute one of the extremely sub-component of abdominal vasculature variations and it is imperative to recognize this anomaly while planning for complex surgeries in the supra-colic compartment. We report the case of accessory splenic arteries in an approximately 50-year-old male cadaver encountered during routine educational dissection. One of them arising from left gastroepiploic artery supplies the spleen in addition to splenic artery. Another variant vessel bifurcated to enter greater omentum and anterior pole of spleen, as discrete branches. The anatomical vascular variation, if recognized during the imaging work-ups for elective surgical procedures could avoid potential iatrogenic blood loss.
Karyomorphological study of Houttuynia cordata Thunb.: an ethnobotanical species of Manipuri community of Tripura, India
Authors: Guha Anupam , Sani Md. Rabius , Banik Purabi , Roy Anita
Published: October 2020

Houttuynia cordata Thunb. (Saururaceae), has the chromosome number of 2n = 112 with karyotype formula A2+B98+C12. The size of the chromosomal complement was found to range from 1.52 µm to 3.00 µm with one pair of chromosomes bearing secondary constrictions. The detailed karyotype analysis revealed that chromosomes fall under the Stebbins category of 1A, which indicating slightly asymmetric nature of chromosome. The chromosome tally and conformity of the karyotype in the present study corroborated as a new cytotype being adapted in this area, the north-eastern region of India.
Surveying the impact of authentic and pragmatic marketing by paradigm shift on brand authentic: a case study of selected Azad Universities (Anzali, Tehran Matkaz, Tonekabon)
Authors: Ali esmaeili Zohreh , Kheiry Bahram
Published: October 2020

The contextual changes of the present age have altered the former order of personal and social relations in such a way that the creation of a new order is accompanied by an epistemic crisis; the crisis of knowledge of new relationships has rendered past valuations inefficient and invalid. In this regard, Katler (1990) considers authenticity as the most influential element in this era of achieving sustainable development and customer Trust, and since the production of university knowledge is the key to sustainable development and today it is faced with quality Issues. This issues, this study aimed to investigate the effect of two marketing, namely authentic marketing and pragmatic marketing through paradigm shifts as a solution to the epistemic crisis of brand authenticity. The research method of this study is based on quantitative and descriptive-survey. The statistical population is Iranian students of  Islamic Azad Universities (IAUs) stratified random sampling and sample size based on Morgan table were 385 people. Data were collected and distributed by questionnaire. Structural equation modeling technique with partial least squares approach and SmartPLS2 software were used for data analysis. The findings indicate that both authentic and pragmatic marketing are more effective on brand authenticity through paradigm shift.
Measuring the impact of factors affecting reverse e-logistics' performance in the electronic industry in Lebanon and Syria
Authors: AL Majzoub Mohamad , Davidavičienė Vida , Meidute-Kavaliauskiene Ieva
Published: October 2020

Reverse e-logistics has proven to have high significance in terms of profits, customer satisfaction, competition, and performance’s efficiency. However, several firms in the Business-to-Consumer (B2C) e-commerce field, especially in developing countries such as those in the Middle East, still neglect its importance for the survival of the firm because they don’t know how to improve reverse e-logistics (REL) performance. Therefore, the objective of this article is to identify the main factors that impact reverse e-logistics’ performance and to analyze their effect. The methods used in this article are: scientific literature review, synthesis, questionnaires, and structural equation modelling. The study is done in Lebanon and Syria with a sample of 459 companies in the electronic industry who are engaged in B2C e-commerce and is faced with reverse e-logistics’ challenges. The estimated results prove the significant impact of the identified factors: customer satisfaction, guarantee, and organization structure on reverse e-logistics’ performance, which in turn has a significant impact on the efficiency of the performance of B2C companies engaged in reverse e-logistics activities as well.
Sharper existence and uniqueness results for solutions to fourth-order boundary value problems and elastic beam analysis
Authors: Almuthaybiri Saleh S. , Tisdell Christopher C.
Published: October 2020

We examine the existence and uniqueness of solutions to two-point boundary value problems involving fourth-order, ordinary differential equations. Such problems have interesting applications to modelling the deflections of beams. We sharpen traditional results by showing that a larger class of problems admit a unique solution. We achieve this by drawing on fixed-point theory in an interesting and alternative way via an application of Rus’s contraction mapping theorem. The idea is to utilize two metrics on a metric space, where one pair is complete. Our theoretical results are applied to the area of elastic beam deflections when the beam is subjected to a loading force and the ends of the beam are either both clamped or one end is clamped and the other end is free. The existence and uniqueness of solutions to the models are guaranteed for certain classes of linear and nonlinear loading forces.
Balancing incomplete COVID-19 evidence and local priorities: risk communication and stakeholder engagement strategies for school re-opening
Authors: Hoover Anna G. , Heiger-Bernays Wendy , Ojha Sweta , Pennell Kelly G.
Published: October 2020

In the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, United States (U.S.) educational institutions must weigh incomplete scientific evidence to inform decisions about how best to re-open schools without sacrificing public health. While many communities face surging case numbers, others are experiencing case plateaus or even decreasing numbers. Simultaneously, some U.S. school systems face immense infrastructure challenges and resource constraints, while others are better positioned to resume face-to-face instruction. In this review, we first examine potential engineering controls to reduce SARS-CoV-2 exposures; we then present processes whereby local decision-makers can identify and partner with scientists, faculty, students, parents, public health officials, and others to determine the controls most appropriate for their communities. While no solution completely eliminates risks of SARS-CoV-2 exposure and illness, this mini-review discusses engaged decision and communication processes that incorporate current scientific knowledge, school district constraints, local tolerance for health risk, and community priorities to help guide schools in selecting and implementing re-opening strategies that are acceptable, feasible, and context-specific.
Nightmare experience and personality disorder functioning styles in healthy volunteers and nightmare disorder patients
Authors: Shao Xu , Wang Chu , Shen Chanchan , Jia Yanli , Wang Wei
Published: October 2020

Nightmares are prevalent in psychiatric disorders, and personality disorder features might be associated with nightmare experience, especially in nightmare disorder patients. The authors invited 219 healthy volunteers and 118 nightmare disorder patients to undergo tests of the Nightmare Experience Questionnaire (NEQ), the Parker Personality Measure (PERM), and the Plutchik-van Praag Depression Inventory. Compared to healthy volunteers, nightmare disorder patients scored significantly higher on annual nightmare frequency and NEQ Physical Effect, Negative Emotion, Meaning Interpretation, and Horrible Stimulation, and higher on PERM Paranoid, Schizotypal, Borderline, Histrionic, Narcissistic, Avoidant, and Dependent styles. Borderline, Schizotypal, and Passive-Aggressive styles in healthy volunteers and Dependent, Avoidant, Histrionic, and Paranoid in patients were significant predictors of some NEQ scales. Higher annual nightmare frequency, higher scale scores of nightmare experience and personality disorder styles, and more associations between the two were found in nightmare disorder patients, implying the need for personality-adjustment therapy for nightmare disorder.
Awareness of H1N1 influenza among Pakistani pharmacy students
Authors: Mustafa Zia Ul , Salman Muhammad , Rao Alina Zeeshan , Khan Qurat Ul-Ain , Asif Noman , Shehzadi Naureen , Khan Muhammad Farhan Ali , Hussain Khalid
Published: October 2020

Aim — This study was aimed to investigate knowledge and attitudes of H1N1 influenza among pharmacy students. Material and Methods — A cross-sectional study was carried out among undergraduate and postgraduate students of the Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore from February-May 2018. A self-administered questionnaire was used to evaluate knowledge and attitudes of H1N1 influenza. All data were analyzed using SPSS 22. Results — The median age of study participants (N=420) was 20 years, with majority of females (72.4%), undergraduate students (96.7%) belonging to middle economic class (89.8%). The median knowledge score was 18, with 38.1% having poor, 55.7% moderate and 6.2% excellent knowledge score (score <17, 17-25, and 26-34, respectively). The median attitude score was 47 (9); around 52% of the participants were found to have positive attitudes. Initially, there was a significant difference of knowledge score, not attitude, among age categories. However, in post hoc analysis, after Bonferroni adjustment (P<0.017), individuals > 26 years of age had better knowledge scores than 21-25 years (p=0.015) and ≤20 years (p=0.005) age categories. Gender had no significant influence on the knowledge as well as attitude score. Futhermore, postgraduate students had signifcanlty better knowledge scores, not attitude, than undergraduates (p=0.002). Conclusions — Our findings highlight the need to equip pharmacy students with comprehensive knowledge of H1N1 influenza so that in future they can help increase the public awareness at community pharmacies, hospitals or the communities they reside.
Anthocyanins from Ipomoea batatas L. effect on ovarian malondialdehyde and 17β-estradiol in rats exposed cigarette smoke
Authors: Aningsih Baharika Suci Dwi , Sujuti Hidayat , Mustofa Edy , Ratnawati Retty
Published: October 2020

Background — Cigarette smoking negatively impacts the health of both active smokers and passive smokers. ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) from cigarette smoke can cause damage to the ovary and inhibit ovarian follicle growth. Objectives — This study aimed to assess the effects of the anthocyanins from the sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) purple cultivar on ovarian malondialdehyde (MDA) and 17β-estradiol levels in rats (Rattus norvegicus) exposed to cigarette smoke. Material and Methods — The Rattus norvegicus Wistar strain was used in this study. Thirty rats were divided into five groups. Cigarette smoke was given as two cigarettes/day for four minutes, in the morning and afternoon for eight weeks after rats were at the proestrus stage. MDA levelwere measured with the BIOXYTECH MDA-586TM spectrophotometric assay for malondialdehyde, whilst 17β-estradiol was measured by ELISA. Data were then analyzed using one-way ANOVA. Results — MDA level were significantly different between the negative control and positive control groups based on double comparison with the LSD test (p=0.000 <∝). The level of 17β-estradiol also showed asignificant difference between the negative and positive control groups. There was a significant correlation between MDA level and 17β-estradiol levels (p=0.000 <∝) in the group of rats exposed to cigarette smoke and treated with anthocyanins from sweet potato at doses of 40 mg and 80 mg. Conclusions — Anthocyanins from the sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) purple cultivar given at various doses decreased ovarian MDA level and increased 17β-estradiol levels in female rats exposed to cigarette smoke.
A LITERATURE REVIEW OF SUPPLY CHAIN RISK MANAGEMENT IN AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY
Authors: Yoga Irsyadillah N. , Dadang S.
Published: October 2020

Supply chain risk management (SCRM) has a strong influence on the cooperation among partners and the performance of the entire production chain across the world. A supply chain designed to minimize risks enables firms to establish a competitive position and provides long-term benefits to stakeholders. Especially in a complicated and slow-growing industry like Automotive Industry. The auto industry's most important segments including commercial vehicles and passenger cars. Global sales of passenger cars are forecast to fall to 59.5 million units in 2020, down from a peak of 79.6 in 2017. The SCRM system should be structured to manage both routine and extraordinary risks, such as economical crisis, global pandemic issues, or even other unexpected event. The risks should be managed both reactively, by monitoring changes in the chain, the needs of customers, technology and the strategies of suppliers and competitors, among others, to enable quick reaction to events; and proactively, to identify risks and implement actions to prevent them or minimize their impacts. The basic risk management process consists of identifying, evaluating, mitigating and controlling risks. The objective of this paper is to analyze how SCRM could manages the risk factors in Automotive Industry’s supply chain in three different segmentation perspective. To achieve this aim, we performed a qualitative, applied and exploratory field study of the development trend of automotive Industry across the world, Asia, and Indonesia in terms of gaining more insight about the latest development trend of SCRM implementation in various segmentation. The data were collected by doing literature review from previous published research related to SCRM in Automotive Industry.
Mini review of carbon based additive in machining lubricant
Authors: Radhiyah A.A. , Jun Li K.
Published: October 2020

Milling process is a major machining process used in various type of industries. This process is used to manufacture components such as impellers and structural parts in aerospace industry. Several problems can be arising during the machining operation because 99% of work done produces heat to the chip, the tool and also the workpiece . The temperature of the tool may rise up to 1000oC and this could lead to accelerate the tool wear rate and also the finishing of the surface of the workpiece. In order to improvise this phenomenon, various type of cutting fluid is used in milling operation to use to reduce the temperature of the workpiece. In general, the fluids are used when cutting the workpiece to lower the heat generated at the interface of the tool chip and also the friction on the workpiece. There are four main types of cutting fluid when commonly found in the market which is straight oils, synthetic fluids, soluble oils and the semi-synthetic fluids. This paper is reviewing on the additive for lubricant and their tribology properties.
Assessing Prospective Biology Teachers (PBTs) Perceptions on Thinking as a 21st Century Skill: A Case Study at Islamic University
Authors: Haviz M. , Lufri L. , Maris I. M.
Published: October 2020

The explanatory mixed-method was conducted to assess prospective biology teachers’ (PBTs) perceptions on thinking as 21st century skills. Data were collected using a quantitative survey method, and an interview with PBTs from Islamic University. 168 (14 men and 154 women) of 195 PBTs participated in filling out the questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of 24 statements of aspects of critical thinking, problem-solving, creativity, metacognition of the 21st century skill. The confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and alpha Cronbach tests were used to determine the quality of the instrument. Statistic descriptive, ANOVA, and correlation tests were conducted to analyze the quantitative data. Triangulation was conducted on the results of the interview. The results of the study indicate that (a) most male and female PBTs at Islamic universities have high skills in critical thinking and metacognition; (b) most male and female PBTs at Islamic universities have insufficient skills in problemsolving and creativity skills; (c) the results of this study also showed that there is no relationship between gender and PBTs skills. This study suggested that teachers and education managers in Islamic universities need to apply integrative learning by paying attention to the skills needed by PBTs. Learning applied in classrooms should be based on 21st century skills.
The Effect of PjBL with WBL Media and Cognitive Style on Students’ Understanding and Science-Integrated Concept Application
Authors: Safaruddin S. , Degeng I. N. S. , Setyosari P. , Murtadho N.
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this study is to find out the effect of PjBL with WBL media as an instructional strategy and direct instructional (DI) strategy on the understanding (intercept) and the concept application of science-integrated learning media. The method of this research is Quasi-Experimental with 2x2 factorial design. The number of respondents is 110 pre-service teachers consisting of 68 respondents for the experimental class and 42 respondents for the control class. The sampling technique is purposive sampling with a class as an experimental class and another class as a control class. MANOVA is used to analyze the data. The result of the test shows that: (1) there is a difference in the average score of learning outcomes in understanding and science-integrated conceptual application among pre-service teachers who are taught with Web-based PjBL and DI strategies. The average score of understanding the concept of developing science-integrated learning media with a Web-based PjBL strategy is 88.81, DI is 85.69. The average score of the concept application with Web-based PjBL strategy is 89.07, DI is 85.69; (2) there are differences in the average score of understanding learning outcomes and the application of the concept of developing science-integrated learning media between pre-service teachers who have a cognitive style of FD and FI. The average score of understanding the concept of FD is 88.08, FI is 86.12. The average score of the concept application FD is 87.37, FI is 88.29. From these data, it can be concluded that the Web-based PjBL strategy has a better contribution than DI in improving the learning outcomes of understanding and application of the concept of developing science-integrated learning media.
Persona Non Grata dalam Kasus Penangkapan Atase Militer Uni Soviet Sergei P. Egorov berdasarkan Konvensi Wina
Authors: Mangku Dewa Gede Sudika
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pemberian Persona non Grata oleh Pemerintah Indonesia kepada Atase Militer Uni Soviet dan mengetahui dan menganalisis penyelesaian kasus antara Uni Soviet dan Indonesia terkait tindakan spionase yang dilakukan oleh Atase Militer Uni Soviet. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah jenis penelitian hukum normatif, maka pendekatan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach), pendekatan undang-undang (statute approach) dan pendekatan sejarah (historical approach), sumber bahan hukum yang digunakan yaitu bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier. Teknik pengumpulan bahan hukum yang digunakan dengan teknik argumentasi dan dibahas secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan (1) Pemerintah Indonesia dalam pemberian status Persona non Grata kepada Atase Militer Uni Soviet telah sesuai dengan Konvensi Wina 1961, (2) langkah yang dilakukan oleh Pemerintah Indonesia dan Uni Soviet dalam penyelesaian kasus spionase yang dilakukan Atase Militer Uni Soviet yaitu melalui jalur negosiasi.
Urgensi Kebijakan Penyelenggaraan Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah dalam Mewujudkan Kesejahteraan Perempuan
Authors: Natalis Aga
Published: October 2020

Partisipasi perempuan dalam pengambilan kebijakan Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah (APBD) di Kabupaten Sekadau Provinsi Kalimantan Barat masih terbatas, hal ini terlihat pada rendahnya tingkat kesejahteraan perempuan seperti akses dalam bidang pendidikan dan kesehatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan memahami tentang urgensi kebijakan penyelenggaraan APBD berbasis Anggaran Responsif Gender (ARG) di Kabupaten Sekadau Provinsi Kalimantan Barat dalam rangka mewujudkan kesejahteraan perempuan. Penelitian merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif dan disajikan dalam bentuk deskriptif-analitis. Penerapan ARG pada kebijakan penyelenggaraan APBD, menjadikan anggaran lebih efektif dan efisien, serta sebagai perwujudan dari good governance dalam penyelenggaraan anggaran daerah. ARG merupakan hasil dari penerapan Gender Analysis Pathway (GAP) disetiap dokumen penganggaran. Women’s participation for policy making of Local Government Budget (APBD) in Sekadau Regency, West Kalimantan Province is limited, it can be seen in the low level of the women’s welfare such as access for education and health. The purpose of this study is to know and understand the urgency of the implementation of the APBDbased on the Gender Responsive Budget (ARG) in Sekadau Regency, West Kalimantan Province in order to realize women’s welfare. The research method used is a qualitative method with a normative juridical approach and is presented in a descriptive-analytical form. This research belongs to the tradition of qualitative research with a social legal approach. The application of ARG to the policy of administering the APBD, makes the budget more effective and efficient, as well as the realization of good governance in the implementation of regional budgets. ARG is the result of implementing Gender Analysis Pathway (GAP) in each budgeting document.
Advances in paraganglioma–pheochromocytoma cell lines and xenografts
Authors: Bayley Jean-Pierre , Devilee Peter
Published: October 2020

This review describes human and rodent-derived cell lines and xenografts developed over the last five decades that are suitable or potentially suitable models for paraganglioma–pheochromocytoma research. We outline the strengths and weaknesses of various models and emphasize the recurring theme that, despite the major challenges involved, more effort is required in the search for valid human and animal cell models of paraganglioma–pheochromocytoma, particularly those relevant to cancers carrying a mutation in one of the succinate dehydrogenase genes. Despite many setbacks, the recent development of a potentially important new model, the RS0 cell line, gives reason for optimism regarding the future of models in the paraganglioma–pheochromocytoma field. We also note that classic approaches to cell line derivation such as SV40-mediated immortalization and newer approaches such as organoid culture or iPSCs have been insufficiently explored. As many existing cell lines have been poorly characterized, we provide recommendations for reporting of paraganglioma and pheochromocytoma cell lines, including the strong recommendation that cell lines are made widely available via the ATCC or a similar cell repository. Basic research in paraganglioma–pheochromocytoma is currently transitioning from the analysis of genetics to the analysis of disease mechanisms and the clinically exploitable vulnerabilities of tumors. A successful transition will require many more disease-relevant human and animal models to ensure continuing progress.
Crystal growth and characterization of Benzimidazolium salicylate single crystal for nonlinear optical studies and antibacterial activity
Authors: Sakthy Priya S. , Balakrishnan K. , Lakshmanan A. , Surendran P. , Rameshkumar P. , Kannan Karthik , Geetha P. , Hegde Tejaswi Ashok , Vinitha G.
Published: October 2020

Organic non-linear optical Benzimidazolium salicylate (BISA) single crystals have been harvested from methanol solution by slow evaporation method. The grown crystals belong to the monoclinic crystal system with space group P21/c. Good crystalline nature of grown BISA crystal was confirmed by PXRD. The FTIR spectrum analysis affirms the presence of functional groups in BISA crystal. From the UV‒Vis-Absorption spectrum, the lower cut-off wavelength (356 nm) and its energy band gap and linear refractive index were calculated. Luminescence spectrum was recorded to explore the emission peak at 426 nm. The mechanical strength of BISA crystal was determined by Vickers microhardness tester and mechanical parameters like C11, Hk, Kc, and Bi were calculated for the first time. Dielectric properties of grown crystals were systematically investigated for different temperatures. Further, electronic polarizability (α) were calculated using Penn analysis and Clausius‒Mossotti equation. Z‒scan measurement was taken to explore the third-order NLO properties of BISA crystal. For the first attempt, the BISA crystals were tested against five human pathogenic bacterial, i.e. Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella flexneri, Vibrio cholerae, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Existing results established that Benzimidazolium salicylate crystals might find useful applications in nonlinear optics and antimicrobial field.
Gadolinium doping influence on the properties of carbon nanotubes
Authors: Abaszade R.G. , Kapush O.A. , Mamedova S.A. , Nabiyev A.M. , Melikova S.Z. , Budzulyak S.I.
Published: October 2020

This article is devoted to the analysis of a carbon nanotube, a functionalized b-carboxyl group of a carbon nanotube and a gadolinium-doped carbon nanotube. Were analyzed the structure, purity, quality, and surface morphology, as well as the homogeneity (heterogeneity) of nanotubes. The analysis of a carbon nanotube were performed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive analysis (EXD), X-ray diffraction analysis, Raman scattering, and IR luminescence. It was found that 10% doping with gadolinium strongly affects the physical properties of carbon nanotubes functionalized by a carboxyl group.
Alternative fuels from vegetable oils: innovative methods and technologies of production and usage
Authors: Kyrychenko V.I. , Kyrychenko V.V. , Ribun V.S. , Skladaniuk M.B.
Published: October 2020

Traditional methods of biofuel production using vegetable oils and aliphatic alcohols have a number of disadvantages. A new method of transesterification of vegetable oils with alkyl acetates because they act as promoters of diesel fuel combustion. A method of improving both technology of alcoholysis and esterolysis by modifying the temperature range is proposed. Chemical and technological bases of two-stage process of vegetable oil transesterification are developed. In the first stage, the oils are treated with glycerol  in order to convert tri-acyl-glyceros of oil into mono-acyl-glycerols. The second stage is alcoholysis of mono-acyl-glycerols with ethanol  or esterolysis of mono-acyl-glycerols with ethyl acetate. The temperature range of the transesterification process is improved using heat-transfer solvents. Comparison of material balances of technologies of one- and two-stage ways of ethanolysis and esterolysis showed a significant increase in the selectivity of the process, yield and quality of biofuels. Analysis of the obtained biofuels and mixtures, which contain 20 % of biofuels and 80% of diesel fuel showed  the best physical, chemical and operational characteristics. Therefore, the  blended fuels are promising area of ​​biofuel technology.
Luchas políticas y legitimación religiosa en Esparta tras la guerra del Peloponeso (404-371 a. C.)
Authors: Jara Herrero Javier
Published: October 2020

El final de la guerra del Peloponeso confirió a los espartanos la hegemonía política sobre la Hélade y la posibilidad de interferir más allá de las fronteras griegas. Sin embargo, el siglo IV a. C. fue también testigo de la agudización de las tensiones en el seno de la clase dirigente de Esparta y de la unión de diversos estados en contra del dominio lacedemonio. Mediante el análisis de las fuentes antiguas y con el apoyo de las investigaciones de la historiografía moderna, este artículo trata de examinar la influencia ejercida por la religión en Esparta hasta la batalla de Leuctra, tanto en su política exterior como en las diversas luchas políticas internas.
Recuperación y resignificación del Barroco histórico en exposiciones de arte contemporáneo
Authors: Manzano Rodríguez Patricia
Published: October 2020

Con el fin de entender cómo se manifiesta el interés por el Barroco en los discursos curatoriales dentro de nuestro país, se han analizado tres exposiciones celebradas en la primera década del siglo XXI que evidencian la relación entre el arte contemporáneo y el Barroco histórico. Los casos de estudio elegidos son: Barrocos y Neobarrocos, Principio Potosí y El d_efecto barroco. A partir de estas exposiciones, se estudian las estrategias discursivas seguidas por dichos proyectos curatoriales en su intento de resignificación y recuperación del Barroco histórico desde la modernidad. Por un lado, en ellos se aprecia cómo el Barroco se ha convertido en un medio para la construcción de identidades, a través de temáticas como la relación entre España y América Latina o el uso de la imagen al servicio del poder como instrumento de propaganda. Por otro, las muestras han introducido el Neobarroco como una respuesta al posmodernismo en los discursos expositivos de nuestro país.
INFLUENCIA DE LAS PELOTAS DE BAJA PRESIÓN EN LA INICIACIÓN AL PÁDEL
Authors: Sánchez-Pay A. , García-Castejón A. , Courel-Ibáñez J. , Sánchez-Alcaraz B.J.
Published: October 2020

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar las demandas físicas de la competición en pádel de iniciación, y observar la influencia de diferentes tipos de pelota Dieciséis jugadores de pádel en iniciación participaron en este estudio. Cada judador portó un pulsómetro durante el partido. Se utilizaron cuestionarios al término de cada partido para evaluar el esfuerzo percibido y la satisfacción. Los resultados no mostraron diferencias significativas en la estructura temporal de los partidos. Se encontraron diferencias (p<0,001) entre los partidos con pelota normal y pelota de baja presión tanto en la frecuencia cardiaca media (145,43 ppm vs 140,19 ppm) como en el %FCmáx (72,47 vs 69,85). Los jugadores mostraron mayor satisfacción en el uso de pelotas de baja presión. Estos datos pueden ser de utilidad para determinar el uso de un tipo de pelota u otra y mejorar la planificación del entrenamiento específico en jóvenes jugadores de pádel
ASOCIACIÓN ENTRE MORFOLOGÍA DEL PIE Y RENDIMIENTO EN GIMNASIA RÍTMICA
Authors: Sierra-Palmeiro E. , Bobo-Arce M. , Fernández-Villarino M. , Fernández-Villarino M. , Alonso-Tajes F. , González-Martin M.C. , Gómez-Rivas L.
Published: October 2020

Los objetivos del estudio fueron determinar la influencia de la morfología del pie en el rendimiento en Gimnasia Rítmica y analizar la influencia de los años de práctica. La muestra estaba compuesta por 48 gimnastas que habían practicado gimnasia federada y competido durante el último año. Los resultados indican que las gimnastas tienen predominantemente un pie neutro y con huella normal, presentando bastante asimetría entre pies, no significativa, lo que puede ser consecuencia de un trabajo unilateral y debería ser corregido en el entrenamiento. Sólo el rango de amplitud de la articulación talocrural parece ser una característica de la morfología del pie que incida sobre el rendimiento técnico y parece más una característica innata. La práctica de la Gimnasia Rítmica podría no ser un factor tan decisivo como podía suponerse en las modificaciones morfológicas de la huella plantar.
Spatial distribution, territoriality and sound production by tropical cryptic butterflies (Hamadryas, Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae): implications for the ''industrial melanism" debate
Authors: Monge-Nájera Julián , Hernández Francisco , González María Isabel , Soley Javier , Araya José , Zolla Stefano
Published: October 2020

Las Hamadryas son mariposas neotropicales que emiten sonido y pasan mucho tiempo posadas en árboles, donde son crípticas. Se estudió cinco especies en Costa Rica y Panama. Cada especie tiene una altura característica para posarse. Se posaron menos del lado sur de los árboles y evitaron las partes soleadas en días calurosos. Los machos dejaron su percha para volar hacia otras Hamadryas y hacia "mariposas" de cartón. Cuando se retiró los machos de los árboles éstos fueron tomados con mucha mayor frecuencia por otros machos. La mayoría de las interacciones aéreas de H. femnia se dieron entre las 1 3 : 00 y las 1 5 :00 h y fueron más frecuentes en la estación lluviosa. De noche, los machos compartían los árboles. El sonido característico del grupo es producido por venas modificadas en las alas delanteras.
Relaciones filogenéticas entre las especies del género Cynoscionicola (Monogenea: Microcotylidae)
Authors: Mendoza Garfias María Berenit , Pérez-Ponce de León Gerardo
Published: October 2020

En este trabajo se presenta un análisis filogenético para siete especies nominales del género Cynoscionicola Price 1962, el cual esta basado en 18 caracteres y 31 estados de carácter. El análisis produjo dos cladogramas igualmente parsimoniosos con un índice de coherencia de 0.85 y 35 pasos. Las diferentes topologías de los cladogramas dependen' de la posición de los miembros que habitan en Scíanidos de la costa del Pacífico, con respecto a aquellas que habitan en Cynoscion en la costa del Atlántico. La mono filia de Cynoscionicola es apoyada por tres sinapomorfías no ambigüas: atrio genital formado por cuatro bolsas atriales, atrio genital armado con espinas de distinta forma y tamaño y forma de las espinas anteriores del atrio genital. Usando el análisis filogenético como un "templado", analizamos las relaciones con el hospedero y la distribución geográfica de'los miembros de Cynoscíonicola, proponemos un origen para ambos, hospederos y monogéneos, en el Atlántico, con una ruta de dispersión temprana a lo largo de la costa del Atlántico, un evento de especiación por vicarianza, determinado por el aislamiento de una población de Cynoscion cuando surgió el Istmo de Panamá en el Plioceno, en combinación con un evento de colonización a otros miembros de la familia Scianidae.
Una visión filogenética de Frankliniella (Tbysanoptera: Tbripidae)
Authors: Retana Salazar Axel P
Published: October 2020

The pbylogeny of the species groups of Franldiniella and the position of Exophtalmothirps and Bolbothrips are discussed with reference to recent literature and analysis with the cladistic software PAUP 3.0 in its heuristic option, the matrix has 24 taxa and 25 cbaracteristics for each; 1) the intonsa group is nOl a well defined taxon and may include groups of species, but there are no good morphological traits fot its recognition, 2) the pulchella and cephaUca groups are consistent monophyletic groups of species, 3) the minuta group is rnonophyletic with a few roorphological constraints, 4) Exophtalmothrips and Bolbothíips seem to he segregated, and notsynonymous of Franlcliniella.
Dos especies nuevas de hormigas de la tribu Attini de Costa Rica y México: Mycetosoritis vinsoni y Mycocepurus curvispinosus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Authors: Mackay William P
Published: October 2020

Se describe Mycetosoritis vinsoni de Loma Barbudal, Guanacaste Prov. de Costa Rica, con base en el obrera holotipo. Es similar a M. IuJrtmanni, pero se puede diferenciar gracias a que los pelos de los escapos son curvos y oprimidos (derechos y erectos en M. hartmanni), los dentículos de la mitad del pronoto están ausentes (presentes y bien desarrollados en M. IuJrtmanni), y los dientes del pecíolo son poco diferenciados (bien desarrollad()s en M. hartmanni). Mycocepurus curvispinosus es descrito con base en cinco obreras de Costa Rica, Guanacaste Prov., Loma Barbudal y de México, Chiapas, 24 km suroeste de Cintalpa. Se puede separar Mycocepurus curvispinosus fácilmente porque las espinas principales del propodeo son curvadas hacía arriba y gruesas, y los dientecillos de la mitad del pronoto están ausentes. Estas dos caractelisticas separan esta nueva especie del resto de las especies en el género.