bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Innovative Teaching Has a Positive Impact on the Performance of Diverse Students
Authors: Naz Farah , Murad Hasan Sohaib
Published: October 2017

Pakistan is one of the progressing countries in the world. Its education system is yet in the stage of development. Students from towns and far flung areas come to advanced cities for higher education. This has made the university classrooms a mix of students having a diversity of age, gender, exposure, language, and family backgrounds. To facilitate all these students with personal differences under the same roof, a teacher has to adapt curriculum and lesson plans while bringing innovations in his teaching methods. This study aims to find out the use of innovative strategies by the teachers to respond to students’ diversity at higher education level in public and private sector of Pakistan. The research is based on the assumption that innovative teaching has a positive impact on the performance of students’ diversity. A survey of higher education teachers was conducted for the research. Statistics were applied for the analysis. The results are found to be significant in favor of innovative teaching. The analysis shows that the use of innovative teaching is more in private sector and also has different impact on different disciplines.
Marxist theory and the October Revolution
Authors: Patnaik Prabhat
Published: October 2017

The theoretical basis of the October Revolution lay, not surprisingly, in a development of Marxism, but this development occurred through three successive rounds of theoretical debate, each stimulated by the specific Russian reality but each having a relevance far wider than the Russian context itself, and a relevance that abides to this day. While these three rounds of debate appear to be on three very different themes, each of them is concerned with the same question, namely, must a transition to socialism in any society await the ‘completion’ in some sense of the development of capitalism in that society? And if so, then what does the term ‘completion’ mean in this context? This essay seeks to provide answers to the question of what sort of revolutionary strategy is necessary to achieve the transition to socialism by considering the debates that took place at the time of the October revolution.
Mwalimu and Marx in Contestation: Dialogue or Diatribe?
Authors: Shivji Issa G.
Published: October 2017

The October Russian Revolution of 1917 inaugurated the era of social transformation challenging the dominance of global capitalism.1It set in motion two lineages, one tracing its ancestry directly to October and its Marxist leader Vladimir Ilyich Lenin. Among these must be included the Chinese revolution of 1949, the Vietnamese revolution of 1945, and the Cuban revolution of 1959. The second lineage is that of national liberation movements in the former colonized countries of Africa and Asia. Tanzania’s independence movement Tanganyika African National Union (TANU) under the leadership of Julius Nyerere was one such national-popular movement that questioned both capitalism and imperialism with its blueprint called the Arusha Declaration: policy of socialism and self-reliance proclaimed in 1967. This essay focuses on Nyerere’s philosophical and political outlook and his contentious relationship with Marxism. It also documents the intellectual history of Marxist ideas in Tanzania.
Book Review: Alicia Bárcena and Antonio Prado (2015), Neoestructuralismo y Corrientes Heterodoxas en América Latina y el Caribe a Inicios del Siglo XXI [Neo-structuralism and Heterodox Schools in Latin America and the Caribbean at the Beginning of the 21st century]
Authors: Cosenza Apoena C.
Published: October 2017

Alicia Bárcena and Antonio Prado (2015), Neoestructuralismo y Corrientes Heterodoxas en América Latina y el Caribe a Inicios del Siglo XXI [Neo-structuralism and Heterodox Schools in Latin America and the Caribbean at the Beginning of the 21st century]. Chile: CEPAL. Paperback, ISBN 9789211218794, pp. 466.
Book Review: Deborah Brautigam (2015), Will Africa Feed China?
Authors: Bansal Prachi
Published: October 2017

Deborah Brautigam (2015), Will Africa Feed China? New York, NY: Oxford University Press, paperback, ISBN: 9780199396856, pp. 222, US$27.95.
Resolution of well-known resistivity equivalences by inclusion of time-domain induced polarization data
Authors: Madsen Line Meldgaard , Fiandaca Gianluca , Christiansen Anders Vest , Auken Esben
Published: October 2017

The principle of equivalence is known to cause nonuniqueness in interpretations of direct current (DC) resistivity data. Low- or high-resistivity equivalences arise when a thin geologic layer with a low/high resistivity is embedded in a relative high-/low-resistivity background formation causing strong resistivity-thickness correlations. The equivalences often make it impossible to resolve embedded layers. We found that the equivalence problem could be significantly reduced by combining the DC data with full-decay time-domain induced polarization (IP) measurements. We applied a 1D Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm to invert synthetic DC data of models with low- and high-resistivity equivalences. By applying this inversion method, it is possible to study the space of equivalent models that have an acceptable fit to the observed data, and to make a full sensitivity analysis of the model parameters. Then, we include a contrast in chargeability into the model, modeled in terms of spectral Cole-Cole IP parameters, and invert the DC and IP data in combination. The results show that the addition of IP data largely resolves the DC equivalences. Furthermore, we present a field example in which DC and IP data were measured on a sand formation with an embedded clay layer known from a borehole drilling. Inversion results show that the DC data alone do not resolve the clay layer due to equivalence problems, but by adding the IP data to the inversion, the layer is resolved.
A rapid and nondestructive method to determine normal and shear stiffness of a single rock joint based on 1D wave-propagation theory
Authors: Zhang Zheng-Hu , Deng Jian-Hui , Zhu Jian-Bo
Published: October 2017

Determination of joint stiffness, one of the most important mechanical properties of rock joints, is of great significance. However, joint stiffness is often difficult to complete and accurate determine because of the 3D nature of joints and limited budgets and visible exposure. Wave attenuation in a rock mass is mainly attributed to the presence of joints. Based on 1D plane-wave theory, a rapid and nondestructive method, namely, the rapid evaluation method, is proposed to calculate normal and shear stiffness of joints. The joint is viewed as a boundary condition modeled by the displacement discontinuity model. By solving wave equations with reasonable approximation, joint stiffness can be inversely solved, which is dependent on the seismic impedance, transmission or reflection coefficient, and dominant frequency of transmitted waves. Ultrasonic laboratory tests were carried out to record incident, reflected, and transmitted waveforms as input to the rapid evaluation method. It was found that the presence of joints played three major roles on wave propagation, i.e., velocity, amplitude, and dominant frequency decay. Compared with wave slowness, wave attenuation, on which the proposed rapid evaluation method is based, is more sensitive to the presence of joints. Uniaxial compression tests and direct shear tests were also carried out to directly measure the normal and shear stiffness of joints, respectively. A comparison was then made between joint stiffness obtained from the rapid evaluation method and from direct measurements. It was found that joint stiffness acquired from the rapid evaluation method agreed with the direct laboratory measurements. In addition, theoretical predictions of joint stiffness using different ultrasonic transducers are almost the same. Therefore, the applicability and reliability of this proposed method are verified.
Nivolumab Plus Ipilimumab in Patients With Advanced Melanoma: Updated Survival, Response, and Safety Data in a Phase I Dose-Escalation Study
Authors: Callahan Margaret K. , Kluger Harriet , Postow Michael A. , Segal Neil H. , Lesokhin Alexander , Atkins Michael B. , Kirkwood John M. , Krishnan Suba , Bhore Rafia , Horak Christine , Wolchok Jedd D. , Sznol Mario
Published: October 2017

Purpose

The clinical activity observed in a phase I dose-escalation study of concurrent therapy with nivolumab (NIVO) and ipilimumab (IPI) in patients with previously treated or untreated advanced melanoma led to subsequent clinical development, including randomized trials. Here, we report long-term follow-up data from study CA209-004, including 3-year overall survival (OS).

Patients and Methods

Concurrent cohorts 1, 2, 2a, and 3 received escalating doses of NIVO plus IPI once every 3 weeks for four doses, followed by NIVO once every 3 weeks for four doses, then NIVO plus IPI once every 12 weeks for eight doses. An expansion cohort (cohort 8) received concurrent NIVO 1 mg/kg plus IPI 3 mg/kg once every 3 weeks for four doses, followed by NIVO 3 mg/kg once every 2 weeks, which is the dose and schedule used in phase II and III studies and now approved for patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma.

Results

Among all concurrent cohorts (N = 94) at a follow-up of 30.3 to 55.0 months, the 3-year OS rate was 63% and median OS had not been reached. Objective response rate by modified WHO criteria was 42%, and median duration of response was 22.3 months. Incidence of grade 3 and 4 treatment-related adverse events was 59%. The most common grade 3 and 4 treatment-related adverse events were increases in lipase (15%), alanine aminotransferase (12%), and aspartate aminotransferase (11%). One treatment-related death (1.1%) occurred in a patient who had multiorgan failure 70 days after the last dose of NIVO plus IPI.

Conclusion

This is the longest follow-up for NIVO plus IPI combination therapy in patients with advanced melanoma. The 3-year OS rate of 63% is the highest observed for this patient population and provides additional evidence for the durable clinical activity of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of advanced melanoma.
“Boys Over Here, Girls Over There”
Authors: Woolley Susan W.
Published: October 2017

In K–12 schools, practices of dividing students by biological sex or gender into binary categories limit possibilities for students' identification and representation. Dividing students according to their socially recognized sex or gender reinforces the perceived stability of binary male/female sex and binary masculine/feminine gender categories while also exceptionalizing transgender identities. Students and teachers who challenge such practices engage in critical literacy readings of school spaces and of the mundane ways binary gender and sex are read onto bodies. Critical literacy provides a method through which students and teachers may engage in reflection and critical practice to raise awareness and challenge everyday practices in schools that construct boys and girls as stable, discrete categories. Drawing on three years of ethnographic research in an urban public high school, this article examines the ways teachers and students enact, respond to, and subvert practices that articulate and distinguish categories of boys and girls.
Pedagogies of Becoming
Authors: Malatino Hilary
Published: October 2017

Conventional approaches to trans inclusion in the women's, gender, and sexuality studies classroom often involve what Diana Courvant has called the “special guest” approach of bringing in trans, intersex, and gender-nonconforming folk to represent and authenticate trans experiences, perspectives, and political engagements. This essay argues for the inadequacy of this pedagogical strategy, focusing on its complicity with a neoliberal politics of inclusion that fails to move students to deal with their own deep complicities in upholding understandings of sex and gender that are fundamentally transphobic, as well as its failure prompt pragmatic understanding and address of the maldistribution of life chances for trans, intersex, and gender-nonconforming subjects. I offer several alternative strategies aimed at producing more deeply transformative types of trans inclusion in WGSS classrooms. These strategies focus on mapping connections between cis and trans experiences of gendered transformation in order to produce an alternative understanding of gender as process, craft, and becoming.
“Trans Enough?”
Authors: Catalano D. Chase J.
Published: October 2017

Despite increasing attention on issues raised by trans students in higher education, almost no empirical research has examined the identities and experiences of trans students as a group, or of specific subsets of trans students. In this article, I draw on interviews with twenty-five trans-male undergraduate students to explore how their experiences of coming to understand their gender identities are shaped by their experiences in higher education. I show how participants' concerns about being “trans enough” highlight contradictions within identity discourses of and about trans men, and how their narratives often rely on a medical model or “wrong body” discourse, even while students critique that model. Participants described expending significant energy navigating conflicting demands from other trans men, from other peers, and from their undergraduate institutions, in ways that often overshadowed their own desires and internal senses of identity. Institutions should support further research to explore the experiences and needs of trans men and other trans students, while implementing known best practices to become more trans-inclusive campuses.
Two Trans* Teachers in Madrid
Authors: Platero Raquel (Lucas) , Drager Em Harsin
Published: October 2017

Trans*formative pedagogies are explored through dialogue between two trans* teachers working in Madrid public schools. The queer methodological approach of personal dialogue and reflection provides an inside perspective into the emergent development of trans* pedagogy in public school classrooms. The authors' divergent positionalities raise challenging questions for trans* teachers: How are gender and sexuality still perceived as dangerous topics in education, and how can these issues be addressed with students? Can we move beyond chicos y chicas identity politics? Is the presence of a trans* teacher in the classroom enough to create transformative pedagogy? How does this work connect to, uphold, and challenge the neoliberal economic paradigms that shape public education? The specificity of the Spanish educational context is emphasized, with attention to the complexities of bilingual education and cultural imperialism.
Trans-Inclusive College Records
Authors: Beemyn Genny , Brauer Dot
Published: October 2017

This article focuses on one area in which most US colleges and universities fail to meet the needs of trans students: the ability to use a name and gender other than the name and gender assigned to them at birth and to indicate their personal pronouns on campus records and documents. After explaining why name, gender, and pronoun processes are needed, we present cases studies of how aspects of these processes were carried out at the University of Michigan and the University of Vermont, two of the first schools to make these changes. By describing the means by which these institutions did so, we hope to encourage more colleges and universities to develop similar policies and procedures.
F-actin reorganization by V-ATPase inhibition in prostate cancer
Authors: Licon-Munoz Yamhilette , Michel Vera , Fordyce Colleen A. , Parra Karlett J.
Published: October 2017

The vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase) proton pump sustains cellular pH homeostasis, and its inhibition triggers numerous stress responses. However, the cellular mechanisms involved remain largely elusive in cancer cells. We studied V-ATPase in the prostate cancer (PCa) cell line PC-3, which has characteristics of highly metastatic PCa. V-ATPase inhibitors impaired endo-lysosomal pH, vesicle trafficking, migration, and invasion. V-ATPase accrual in the Golgi and recycling endosomes suggests that traffic of internalized membrane vesicles back to the plasma membrane was particularly impaired. Directed movement provoked co-localization of V-ATPase containing vesicles with F-actin near the leading edge of migrating cells. V-ATPase inhibition prompted prominent F-actin cytoskeleton reorganization. Filopodial projections were reduced, which related to reduced migration velocity. F-actin formed novel cytoplasmic rings. F-actin rings increased with extended exposure to sublethal concentrations of V-ATPase inhibitors, from 24 to 48 hours, as the amount of alkalinized endo-lysosomal vesicles increased. Studies with chloroquine indicated that F-actin rings formation was pH-dependent. We hypothesize that these novel F-actin rings assemble to overcome widespread traffic defects caused by V-ATPase inhibition, similar to F-actin rings on the surface of exocytic organelles.
KDM3A-mediated demethylation of histone H3 lysine 9 facilitates the chromatin binding of Neurog2 during neurogenesis
Authors: Lin Hao , Zhu Xuechen , Chen Geng , Song Lei , Gao Li , Khand Aftab A. , Chen Ying , Lin Gufa , Tao Qinghua
Published: October 2017

Neurog2 is a crucial regulator of neuronal fate specification and differentiation in vivo and in vitro. However, it remains unclear how Neurog2 transactivates neuronal genes that are silenced by repressive chromatin. Here, we provide evidence that the histone H3 lysine 9 demethylase KDM3A facilitates the Xenopus Neurog2 (formerly known as Xngnr1) chromatin accessibility during neuronal transcription. Loss-of-function analyses reveal that KDM3A is not required for the transition of naive ectoderm to neural progenitor cells but is essential for primary neuron formation. ChIP series followed by qPCR analyses reveal that Neurog2 promotes the removal of the repressive H3K9me2 marks and addition of active histone marks, including H3K27ac and H3K4me3, at the NeuroD1 and Tubb2b promoters; this activity depends on the presence of KDM3A because Neurog2, via its C-terminal domain, interacts with KDM3A. Interestingly, KDM3A is dispensable for the neuronal transcription initiated by Ascl1, a proneural factor related to neurogenin in the bHLH family. In summary, our findings uncover a crucial role for histone H3K9 demethylation during Neurog2-mediated neuronal transcription and help in the understanding of the different activities of Neurog2 and Ascl1 in initiating neuronal development.
Branching morphogenesis in the developing kidney is governed by rules that pattern the ureteric tree
Authors: Lefevre James , Short Kieran M. , Lamberton Timothy O. , Michos Odyssé , Graf Daniel , Smyth Ian M. , Hamilton Nicholas A.
Published: October 2017

Metanephric kidney development is orchestrated by the iterative branching morphogenesis of the ureteric bud. We describe an underlying patterning associated with the ramification of this structure and show that this pattern is conserved between developing kidneys, in different parts of the organ and across developmental time. This regularity is associated with a highly reproducible branching asymmetry that is consistent with locally operative growth mechanisms. We then develop a class of tip state models to represent elaboration of the ureteric tree and describe rules for “half delay” branching morphogenesis that describe almost perfectly the patterning of this structure. Spatial analysis suggests that the observed asymmetry may arise from mutual suppression of bifurcation, but not extension, between the growing ureteric tips and demonstrate that disruption of patterning occurs in mouse mutants in which the distribution of tips on the surface of the kidney is altered. These findings demonstrate that kidney development occurs by way of highly conserved reiterative pattern of asymmetric bifurcation governed by intrinsic and locally operative mechanisms.
PFKFB4 control of Akt signaling is essential for premigratory and migratory neural crest formation
Authors: Figueiredo Ana Leonor , Maczkowiak Frédérique , Borday Caroline , Pla Patrick , Sittewelle Meghane , Pegoraro Caterina , Monsoro-Burq Anne H.
Published: October 2017

Neural crest (NC) specification comprises an early phase, initiating immature NC progenitors formation at neural plate stage, and a later phase at neural fold stage, resulting into functional premigratory NC, able to delaminate and migrate. We found that the NC Gene Regulatory Network triggers up-regulation of pfkfb4 (6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase 4) during this late specification phase. As shown in previous studies, PFKFB4 controls AKT signaling in gastrulas and glycolysis rate in adult cells. Here, we focus on PFKFB4 function in NC during and after neurulation, using time-controlled or hypomorph depletions in vivo. We find that PFKFB4 is essential both for specification of functional premigratory NC and for its migration. PFKFB4-depleted embryos fail activating n-cadherin and late NC specifiers, exhibit severe migration defects, resulting in craniofacial defects. AKT signaling mediates PFKFB4 function in NC late specification, while both AKT signaling and glycolysis regulate migration. These findings highlight novel and critical roles of PFKFB4 activity in later stages of NC development, wired into the NC-GRN.
Free-ranging dogs prefer petting over food in repeated interactions with unfamiliar humans
Authors: Bhattacharjee Debottam , Sau Shubhra , Das Jayjit , Bhadra Anindita
Published: October 2017

Dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) are the first species to have been domesticated, and unlike other domesticated species, they have developed a special bonding with their owners. The ability to respond to human gestures and language, and the hypersocial behaviours of dogs are considered key factors that have led them to become man's best friend. Free-ranging dogs provide an excellent model system for understanding the dog-human relationship in various social contexts. In India, free-ranging dogs occur in all possible human habitations. They scavenge among garbage, beg for food from humans, give birth in dens close to human habitations, and establish social bonds with people. However, there is ample dog-human conflict on streets, leading to morbidity and mortality of dogs. Hence the ability to assess an unfamiliar human before establishing physical contact could be adaptive for dogs especially in the urban environment. We tested a total of 103 adult dogs to investigate their response to immediate social and long-term food and social rewards. The dogs were provided a choice of obtaining a food either from experimenter's hand or the ground. The dogs avoided making physical contact with the unfamiliar human. While immediate social reward was not effective in changing this response, the long-term test showed a strong effect of social contact. Our results revealed that these dogs tend to build trust based on affection, and not food. The study provides significant insights into the dynamics of dog-human interactions on the streets and subsequent changes in behaviours of dogs through the process of learning.
Polymeric Chemosensors: A Conventional Platform with New Click Chemistry
Authors: Wang Yang , Michinobu Tsuyoshi
Published: October 2017

Polymers are a good platform for the production of various functional materials, since functional moieties can be introduced into both the main chain backbone and side chain pendants by elegant molecular design and utilizing efficient synthetic protocols. Highly colored and fluorescent π-systems have often been employed as ion sensing units especially when heteroaromatic rings are included. The heteroaromatic rings can form supramolecular complexes with metal ions or anions, resulting in the visual color changes of absorption and fluorescence. Conjugated polymers have been traditionally employed to this end, because they are highly emissive and very sensitive to various ions. However, most of such conjugated polymers are synthesized by costly cross-coupling polycondensations, which do not meet the green chemistry concepts of this century. Click chemistry is a new concept representing an efficient and atom-economic synthesis, and one of the most common reactions is the Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) yielding 1,2,3-triazole rings. The 1,2,3-triazole derivatives are electronically almost inert, but they possess fluorescent chemosensor properties. Recent examples of polymeric chemosensors based on the 1,2,3-triazole derivatives are introduced. Furthermore, an emerging click chemistry reaction, i.e., the alkyne-acceptor click chemistry, is also introduced. This reaction produces highly colored donor-acceptor (D-A) chromophores on a polymer platform, enabling visual detection of the ion sensing behavior. The polymeric chemosensors with the D-A chromophores show a specific discrimination between hard and soft metal ions by different color changes. These polymers are also useful for anion sensing.
Zika virus reservoirs: Implications for transmission, future outbreaks, drug and vaccine development
Authors: Kalkeri Raj , Murthy Krishna K.
Published: October 2017

Zika virus (ZIKV) was recently declared as a ‘Global Health Emergency’ by the World Health Organization. Various tissue reservoirs of ZIKV in infected humans and animals models have been observed, the implications of which are not known. Compared to other Flaviviruses, sexual transmission and persistence in the genitourinary tract seem to be unique to ZIKV. ZIKV persistence and shedding in bodily secretions (e.g. saliva, semen) is a concern for potential disease spread and could pose challenges in diagnosis, regulatory guidelines and drug/vaccine development. Murine and non-human primate models could be useful to study the role of tissue reservoirs in the development of prophylactic or therapeutic strategies. There is a need for meta-analysis of the ZIKV infection and virus shedding data from infected patients and ZIKV animal models, and additional research is needed to fully comprehend the long term implications of tissue reservoirs on ZIKV disease pathogenesis and biology.
THE ACCUMULATION OF HEAVY METALS BY SPRING WHEAT SEEDLINGS
Authors: Троц Наталья , Trots N. , Горшкова Оксана , Gorshkova Oksana
Published: October 2017

The purpose of this study is to develop agrotechnological methods of establishing and controlling the content of heavy metals in plant products. For laboratory experiments we used the typical black soil. The results of lead and copper in soil and plants of spring wheat variety Kinelskaya 59, with different levels of pollution in the conditions of a pot experiment. It is established that with the increase of applied doses of salts of heavy metals increases their content in soil and spring wheat seedlings. The percentage of mobility in the soil of copper and lead in the soil increases with the pollution level 2.9 times and 9.2 times, respectively. With increasing doses of copper and lead increases the concentration of plant-available forms of nitrogen and phosphorus. For all variants of experience is typical acropetal distribution of heavy metals in plants – copper: the roots (46.59) > shoots (of 14.66); lead: the roots (47.0) > shoots (12.78). The value of Iа decreases with increasing dose of applied salt that is indicative of the culture of spring wheat variety Kinelskaya 59 barrier. High correlation observed between the content of copper in plant roots and gross values (r = 0.98) and mobile forms(r = 0.94) in the soil. The value of copper in the shoots of plants are weaker related to the content of the element in the soil (r = 0.66). Between the content of gross and mobile forms of lead in soil revealed a high correlation (r = 1.00), the same value when item is marked with the plant roots and shoots.
INFLUENCE OF VEGETABLE COMPONENTS FOR TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF FUELS FOR AUTOTRACTOR DIESELS
Authors: Быченин Александр , Bychenin Aleksandr , Черников Олег , Chernikov Oleg , Приказчиков Максим , Prikazchikov Maksim
Published: October 2017

The purpose of research is to estimate influence of vegetable oils (10%) by its use for quality of tribology properties of diesel fuel. The technique and results of basic researches of antiwear properties of mixed fuel with additive of vegetable oils (mustard, linseed and rape) are given. Researches were conducted by means of universal tribometer of the TU type with four-ball frictional unit. Concentration of vegetable oils in fuel are changed from 0 to 10% on volume with 2% step. Loading, frequency of spindle rotation and material of frictional unit details didn't change. For example researches showed that by of mustard oil of 2% concentration on volume the average diameter of a spot of wear decreased by 29% (with 0.258 when using diesel fuel without additives to 0.183 mm at addition of 2% of mustard oil). At concentration of mustard oil of 4% the average diameter of a spot of wear decreased by 35.4% of the initial. At further increase in concentration of mustard oil (6, 8 and 10% on volume) decrease in diameter of a spot of wear made respectively 37.3%, 40% and 43%. In case of use of linseed and rape oil similar regularities are observed. It is established that for substantial increase the tribology properties of diesel fuel is enough to enter into its structure 2-4% of vegetable oils on volume. The further increase in concentration of antiwear additive of considerable effect doesn't give, but use the mixed fuels with the content of vegetable oils to 30% on volume is rational from the point of view of economy of fuels of an oil origin.
FEATURES OF THE DIESEL RUNNING BY CAMELINA-MINERAL FUEL IN THE MODE OF INDEPENDENT IDLING
Authors: Уханов Александр , Ukhanov Aleksandr , Уханов Денис , Ukhanov Denis , Сидоров Евгений , Sidorov Evgeniy , Якунин Александр , Yakunin Aleksandr
Published: October 2017

The mode of independent idling, characterized by an impaired process flow, unproductive fuel consumption and increased emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere, is the most unfavorable mode of the diesel engine operation. Therefore, the aim of the research is to reveal the peculiarities of the tractor diesel engine operation by the camelina-mineral fuel in the mode of independent idling. Camelina-mineral fuel is a mixture of camelina oil and mineral diesel fuel in certain ratio of these components. To assess the possibility of using the camelina oil as biological component of diesel mixed fuel, an experimental study of the D-243 diesel engine in idling mode was carried out, and the degree of influence of the different ratio of the components of the mixed fuel on its parameters was determined. The researches were carried out with the diesel fuel on the L-0.2-62 mineral fuel and the camelina-mineral fuel with a ratio of the biological and mineral components: 25% RyzhM + 75% DT; 50% RyzhM + 50% DT; 75% RyzhM + 25% DT; 90% RyzhM + 10% DT and 90% RyzhM + 10% DT (US). For the parameters of the diesel, the excess air factor, the filling ratio of the diesel cylinder with fresh charge, the maximum cycle pressure, the hourly fuel consumption, smoke and carbon monoxide content in the exhaust gases are taken. It is established that when the diesel engine works on camelina-mineral fuel mode the minimum sustainable speed of the crankshaft idle speed 800 min-1 the values of maximum cycle pressure (6.3 MPa) and the filling ratio of the cylinders of a diesel engine the fresh charge (0,87) remain unchanged. The coefficient of excess air, increasing in mixed fuel shares of camelina oil to 90%, reduced from 7.187 to 4.619, while fuel consumption increases of 1.1 kg/h 2 kg/h. The best environmental indicators are observed when working on red-and-mineral fuel 50% RyzhM + 50% DT. Handling mixed fuel with ultrasound reduces fuel consumption, smoke and content of carbon oxide in the exhaust gas relative to the mixed fuel not treated with ultrasound.
SUBSTANTIATION OF THE PARAMETERS OF TILLAGE RINK
Authors: Шаронов Иван , Sharonov Ivan , Курдюмов Владимир , Kurdyumov Vladimir , Курушин Виктор , Kurushin Viktor , Прошкин Вячеслав , Proshkin Vyacheslav
Published: October 2017

The purpose of research is improving the quality of surface tillage during sowing of winter crops and, as a result, crops yield increasing. Quality compacting soil tillage rinks affect its physical and mechanical properties, such as moisture content, structure, and density, optimum value of which is regulated agronomic requirements for cultivation of specific agricultural crops. These properties affect the quality of seeding and water-air regime of the soil. Therefore, when conducting experimental studies, moisture content, structure, and soil density was controlled to optimize parameters and modes of operation of the rink to bring the above soil properties in compliance with agro-technical requirements. The quality of soil the proposed rink was assessed in comparison with existing rinks. The criterion of quality was the factor of conformity to the standard kcs, which characterizes the compliance of the density and structure of the soil reference values established by the agrotechnical requirements. The result of the research revealed that the maximum value of kcs = 0.84 is achieved at a speed ofv = 11 km/h and the ballast mass m = 78 kg. After tillage rinks seeder the factor of conformity to the standard kcs = 0.68; after soil tillage the existing rink kcs = 0.71; and after the processing of the proposed soil-cultivating rink the factor of conformity to the standard amounted to kcs = 0.84, which is significantly higher than after soil tillage of existing rink. While the specific metal content of the proposed ice rink will not exceed 116 kg per 1 m of width, which is 2.4 times less than that of the rink 3CCH-6 (283.6 kg/m).
THE EFFICIENCY OF DRUG TSIMAKTIN USING FOR THE PREVENTION OF COWS POSTPARTUM COMPLICATIONS
Authors: Баймишев Мурат , Baymishev Murat , Сафиуллин Хайдар , Safiullin Haydar , Баймишев Хамидулла , Baymishev Khamidulla , Пристяжнюк Оксана , Pristyazhnyuk Oksana
Published: October 2017

The purpose of researches is rising of efficiency of prophylaxis of cows patrimonial and puerperal pathologies. The current of cows labors and the puerperal period when using homeopathic medicine is studied Tsimaktin. It is estab-lished that drug Tsimaktin use reduces duration of cows current of labors in comparison with control by 1.87 hours. An involution of body and horns of experienced group uterus animals came to the end for 11.35 days earlier. Dis-turbances of involutional processes of control group cows reproductive organs to whom use didn't administer the drug 20% more Tsimaktin than at animals of experienced group. It is taped that drug Tsimaktin raises the morpho-functional status of cows organism that is confirmed by hematological and biochemical indicators of blood. The hemoglobin content, erythrocytes in control group cows blood after calvin was reliable less, than indicators of ani-mals of experienced group respectively on 15.09 g/l and on 1.94 1012 l. The indicator of the general protein in blood serum of experienced group cows is 2.69 g/l more than at cows of control group. The quantity of β-globulins after the delivery are more for cows of control group in comparison with experienced for 7,33% that indicates existence of inflammatory process in an organism of animals. Control group cows for 4-5 day the atsidotichesk state was after the delivery observed what the smaller indicator of an alkaline reserve on 3.38 ob%CO2 testifies to. Use of homeopathic medicine Tsimaktin in 25-30 days prior to labors allowed to raise cows fecundity and to reduce the number of days of sterility. Use of this drug is ecologically safe and allows to use milk without restrictions. On the basis of the conducted researches drug Tsimaktin can be recommended for prophylaxis of puerperal complications at cows.
V. Bondarev: the creative evolution of the writer
Authors: Шкурат Лилия , Shkurat Liliya
Published: October 2017

The monograph presents a multidimensional analysis, periodization and evolution of creative path Yu. V. Bondarev, and clarifies the philosophical foundations of the writer.
The book is intended for specialists-linguists, teachers, graduate students, students of humanitarian faculties of universities, for language teachers and for everyone interested in prose about the Great Patriotic war and the problems of national literature.
Aliseda 18. Un huerto comunitario procedente de la recuperación vecinal del espacio urbano
Authors: Fernández Nieto María  Antonia , Gallego Sánchez-Torija Jorge
Published: October 2017

The periphery of the city was urbanized leaving intermediate spaces that are nowadays discovered as opportunities to reincorporate agriculture in the city with environmental sustainability criteria that impact on food sovereignty and have the capacity to positively influence economies that were seriously affected by the economic crisis by using scarce resources. These intermediate spaces have the ability to regenerate neighbourhood relations by establishing a framework for the transformation of society towards more participatory models and to develop environmental education in an urbanite society that awakens the missing connections with the nature and mobilizes synergies amongst citizens. An academic research group and a neighborhood association started a process of citizen participation and recovery of degraded urban space in the peripheral neighbourhood of Puerta Bonita in Carabanchel (Madrid) in order to convert it into an urban community garden.
La educación secundaria y sus dos dimensiones. Efectos del barrio y del colegio sobre los resultados saber 11
Authors: Rozo Alzate Jacobo
Published: October 2017

Este trabajo estudia los resultados en matemáticas y lenguaje de 32 000 estudiantes en la prueba Saber 11 de 2008, de la ciudad de Bogotá. Este análisis tiene en cuenta que los individuos se encuentran contenidos en barrios y colegios, pero no todos los individuos del mismo barrio asisten a la misma escuela y viceversa. Con el fin de modelar esta estructura de datos, se utilizan varios modelos econométricos, incluyendo una regresión jerárquica multinivel de efectos cruzados. El objetivo central es identificar en qué medida y qué condiciones del barrio y del colegio se correlacionan con los resultados educacionales de la población objetivo y cuáles características de los barrios y de los colegios están más asociadas con el resultado en las pruebas. Se usaron los datos de la prueba Saber 11, del censo de colegios C-600, del censo poblacional de 2005 y de la policía metropolitana de Bogotá. Las estimaciones muestran que tanto el barrio como el colegio están correlacionados con los resultados en las pruebas, pero el efecto del colegio parece ser mucho más fuerte que el del barrio. Las características del colegio que están más asociadas con el resultado en las pruebas son la educación de los profesores, la jornada, el valor de la pensión y el contexto socioeconómico del colegio. Las características de los barrios más asociadas con el resultado en las pruebas son la presencia de universitarios en la upz, un clúster de altos niveles de educación y nivel de crimen en el barrio que se correlaciona negativamente. Los resultados anteriores fueron hallados teniendo en cuenta controles familiares y personales.
Doing the ‘right’ thing
Authors: Webb Penny
Published: October 2017

The government is keen to promote British values. But what does this mean, and why do people interpret them so differently? Does the terminology actually hinder rather than help?
Ensuring families receive appropriate care after infant loss
Authors: Noakes Amy
Published: October 2017

The death of a child can have a lasting effect on families, explains Amy Noakes. But if health visitors approach the task with compassion and sensitivity, they are well placed to provide frontline support to parents experiencing bereavement.
Toilet training for children with additional needs
Authors: Richardson Davina , Rogers June
Published: October 2017

Becoming toilet trained is a milestone all parents strive for; but for families of children with additional needs this may appear to be an unobtainable goal. It is important that assessment and introduction of toilet-training skills should not be delayed purely on the basis of the child's perceived lack of ‘readiness’. Studies have identified that a delay in achieving bladder control increases the risk of both bladder problems and constipation, and lack of assessment could result in potential underlying co-morbidities being missed. The introduction of a step-by-step approach to toilet training with ongoing assessment enables the child to develop the appropriate skills and any underlying pathology to be identified and addressed in a timely manner.
Hydration practices for high-quality dementia care
Authors: Shaw Lynne , Cook Glenda
Published: October 2017

Despite hydration being an important, natural part of daily life, it is often a challenging part of providing optimal care for older people living with dementia. In this article, Lynne Shaw and Glenda Cook give advice on overcoming these challenges in the care home
Sexual relationships between older people in the care home
Authors: Kraszewski Sarah
Published: October 2017

Sexuality is more than just intercourse: it is also a large part of love, affection and intimacy. In this article, Sarah Kraszewski discusses how care providers can support and enable older people to have the relationships they want to have while living in long-term care
The repercussions of using illegal workers in the care home
Authors: Themistocleous Chloe
Published: October 2017

The UK government has increased the penalties imposed on those who employ people who do not have the right to work here. Chloe Themistocleous illustrates how this applies to the care home environment, and what it means for employers moving forward
The Plesiobiontic Association of Formica lemani Bondroit with Lasius flavus (Fabricius) (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in Norway
Authors: Kvifte Gunnar Mikalsen , Legøy Thomas Aga , Soulé Jonathan
Published: October 2017

Three compound nests of Formica lemani Bondroit, 1917 and Lasius flavus (Fabricius, 1782) are reported from Lygra, Western Norway. This is the first plesiobiontic relationship reported for F. lemani and the 9th for L. flavus. Behavioural and landscape ecological traits associated with plesiobiosis are discussed.
The Influence of Fire and Deforestation on the Floral Symmetry and Fitness of Adenocalymma nodosun (Bignoniaceae)
Authors: Stefani Vanessa , Lange Denise , Vilela Andréa Andrade , Ferreira Clébia Aparecida , Del-Claro Kleber
Published: October 2017

Burnings and deforestation are severe disturbances to plants and may represent a stressful situation for plant growth, and they can also affect plant-pollinator interactions and the reproductive success of plants. In this study, we verified the variation in floral symmetry of Adenocalymma nodosum (Bignoniacea) in two areas, one post-fire and other after deforestation. We also verified the effects on plant-pollinator interactions and fruit set production. Results showed that A. nodosum flowers were more asymmetric in mowing areas than in fire areas. Asymmetrical flowers presented low nectar concentration and bee visitation rates. Although mowed environments produce fewer fruits and seeds than areas affected by fire, the change was not significant. Soil from the burnt area showed higher nutrient and organic matter concentration and less aluminum than that of mowed areas. Our results showed that A. nodosum flowers in the deforestation area are more asymmetric than those in the post-fire area. This result suggest that Cerrado plants may be less adapted to deforestation than to fire, since they have been facing fire events for thousand years in this biome. We suggest that the effects of environmental stress on the development and fitness of plants may provide an important breakthrough to the understanding of insect-plant interactions in Cerrado savanna, where burnings and deforestation are frequent anthropogenic effects.
Ant Assemblage Structure in a Secondary Tropical Dry Forest: The Role of Ecological Succession and Seasonality
Authors: Marques Tatianne Gizelle , Espírito-Santo Mário Marcos , Neves Frederico Siqueira , Schoereder José Henrique
Published: October 2017

This study identified the main biological mechanisms governing the diversity of ants on different ecological time scales. Ants were sampled in 15 plots distributed in early, intermediate and late stages of succession (five plots per stage) at the Parque Estadual da Mata Seca, Brazil. At each sample point, unbaited pitfall traps were installed in hypogaeic, epigaeic and arboreal strata. We collected 95 ant species from 26 genera and nine subfamilies. Our results indicated that there was an increase in species richness in advanced stages of succession. We also observed that ant assemblages were different among successional stages. For the arboreal and epigaeic strata, species richness did not change with succession progression, but species composition of these two strata differed among successional stages. Unlike to arboreal and epigaeic ants, hypogaiec ant species richness was higher in the intermediate and late stages of succession and the composition of hypogaeic ants differed among successional stages. Similarity between ant species foraging in arboreal and epigaeic strata decreases with succession progression and β-diversity was higher in advanced successional stages. Additionally, species richness was higher in the dry season, whereas the composition of ant assemblages did not change between seasons. A considerable fraction of the ant assemblage was found only in advanced stages of succession, demonstrating the importance of secondary habitats in maintaining biodiversity in dry forests.
Influence of Flood Pulse on Termite Diversity (INSECTA: ISOPTERA) in the Pantanal
Authors: Plaza Tarik Godoy D. , Galbiati Carla
Published: October 2017

This research aimed to associate termite diversity to flood pulse by Paraguay River, and with savannas and pasture areas. The study was conducted nearby the town of Cáceres, in Pantanal - Mato Grosso, on six livestock farms subject to Paraguay River flood pulse. Types of land use sampled were native savanna and cultivated pasture. Flooded and dry plots were selected, both the savanna and the pasture in each sampling area. Termite richness and abundance was analysed based on the  environments as an explanatory variable (FP – flooded pasture, DP – dry pasture, FS – flooded savanna, DS – dry savanna) through GLM; Tukey’s test was subsequently performed to determine whether land use and/or flood pulse can significantly affect the termite community. There were 37 termite species and 19 genera. Richness and abundance of termite species cannot be explain by flooding pulse, but were explained only by land use (pasture and savanna). The similarity analysis also identified that species composition was quite affected by flood in grazing areas, but this disturbance does not affect the savanna areas. In conclusion, flood pulse is not a determining factor for savannas or pasture termite richness, but change the composition of the termite fauna in the environment.