bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANTIBACTERIAL AND PHOTOCATALYTIC ABILITY OF THE Ag/TiO2 COATING ON THE GLASS SURFACE.
Authors: Minh Do Quang , Hong Dao Thi Thuy , Vi Nguyen Ngoc Tuong
Published: October 2019

The coating on the glass surface was made by heating the mixture of resinate Ag and tetra-n-butyl orthotitanate (TBO) at 570 oC for 1 hour. The characteristics and structure of the mixture Ag/TiO2 with the content of Ag : TiO2 from 0 – 8 (% mol) were studied by the methods such as XRD, FTIR, UV-viz, SEM, EDS. The research results of antibacterial ability and the degradation of blue methylene (MB) were shown that this coating can be used for antibacterial and photocatalytic ability
SYNTHESIS OF STARCH MODIFIED MONTMORILLONITE AS AN EFFECTIVE ADSORBENT FOR Pb (II) REMOVAL FROM WATER
Authors: Luu Tam Hoang , Nguyen Hung Van , Ha Nhan Thuc Chi , Vo Khoa Nguyen Dang
Published: October 2019

The adsorbent is prepared by the montmorillonite co-modification with starch for the removal of Pb (II) ions from aqueous solution. The Fourier-transformed infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopies were used to determine the structure and characteristics of the adsorbent. The main factors affecting the removal of Pb (II) ions were investigated, including the effect of pH, contact time, adsorbent dosage and the initial concentration of Pb (II). Batch process can be used for adsorption and equilibrium studies. The experimental data were fitted using Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption models. The Langmuir isotherm best fitted the experimental data with R2> 0.99 and maximum Pb (II) adsorption capacity of 21.5 mg/g indicated monolayer adsorption. Kinetic studies using pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order rate models showed that the process complied well with the pseudo second-order rate model.
RESEARCH ON PRODUCING TEMPERATURE INDUCED COLOR CHANGE IN FUCTIONAL RUBBER COMPOUNDS
Authors: Dat Tran Tan , Ha Nguyen Tran , Hai Tran Le , Chi Thien Bui Duc
Published: October 2019

Today, the rubber is used not only in technology products but also in household products. In this study, thermolchromic rubber exhibiting the available color changing property with the ambient temperature alteration is fabricated. The effects of thermochromic pigment content and silica filler on the mechanical properties and color-changing durability of the rubber compound are investigated. The results show that the introduction of thermolchromic pigment of 1 wt.% into the rubber phase does not adversely affect the mechanical property, while creating the novel color-changing property of the rubber compond. Furthermore, the color-changing durability of the rubber compound maintains after more than 100 cycles, while the original color does not change compared to before the durable test.
INVESTIGATION OF APPLYING WILD BACILLUS SPECIES FOR SAND STIFFENING
Authors: Nguyen Pham Huyen Huong , Nhi Vo Yen , Thanh Thuy Nguyen Thi , Tuan Pham Minh
Published: October 2019

Microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation is a biomineralization process that has various applications in remediation and restoration of range of applications. In the present study, calcifying bacteria, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus megaterium isolated from soil (Viet Nam). These species were investigated for sand stiffening using syringe set-up with daily nutrient addition at 7, 14 and 28 days. The stiffened sand samples were tested the physical and chemical properties. The calcium carbonate polymorphs produced by Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus megaterium were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD). These results show that both of the Bacillus species could make consolidation through calcite precipitation at the alkaline pH rate of 9, increased impact strength of the stiffened sand samples. Furthermore, isolated B. megaterium shows it is potential as bio-sealant to enhance the durability of low energy, green building materials (soil-cement blocks).
A STUDY OF SUSTAINABLE COLORATION OF LYOCELL FABRICS USING EXTRACTS OF TROPICAL ONION SKINS
Authors: Huong Bui Mai , Kim Hue Trinh Thi
Published: October 2019

Lyocell is considered as a new fiber that represents a milestone in the development of environmentally sustainable textiles.  Lyocell is spun from wood pulp cellulose via a green chemical process with NMMO (N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide) solvent. Following the concept of lower the environmental impact of fashion clothing, this study aims to determine the suitable natural dyes recipes with the color extracting from tropical onion skins. Colorants were extracted by dissolving crushed dried onion skins with boiled in water at 100ºC for 20-25 minutes. The ratio of extracting and dyeing are 1:25 and 1:30 respectively. The optimal dyeing condition was found out at 80ºC, 45 minutes with 75% v/v. In addition, a variety of the most commonly used mordants including Potassium aluminum sulfate, Copper (II) sulphate and Iron (II) sulphate were used for mordanting in order to compare the differently mordanted and unmordanted dyed fabrics via color strength (K/S) and CIE L*a*b* color values. It was found that mordant type had an effect on color strength and the color coordinates of fabric dyed with onion skin, which can supply variety of color choices for the same colorants.
Calidad educativa.
Authors: Duarte-Mora Jeanne Yvanova
Published: October 2019

La educación y la enseñanza, ha presentado en el crecimiento histórico, intelectual, tecnológico y social del ser humano; elgran papel de preparar la vía y el camino de toda su creación técnica e intelectual. Somos producto de ese anhelo, de muchos educadores ymaestros del arte de educar, que anhelaban ven en sus pupilos grandes logros, cumplir metas, abrir caminos, enfrentar incertidumbres, cubririnterrogantes, despertar sueños.Para llegar a esas metas, se requiere la actualización y especialización de indistintos profesionales; que bajo una institución universitaria;obtendrán conocimientos-técnicas-destrezas—habilidades, necesarias para su posterior desempeño profesional.Pero, ello no es constante en todos los pueblos, sociedades y tiempos; se hace obligante una modificación del perfil-estructura-valores ydestrezas a impartir y a adquirir en las universidades. Depende del Gobierno Nacional , de la directiva educativa, de los alumnos, de la comunidady de las próximas generaciones; que estas transformaciones y modificaciones del Sistema Educativo , de las distintas formas de educación , delos niveles de instrucción , sean conductistas o sean constructivistas , generen los resultados tan esperados : un individuo colaborativo ,capacitado y con valores, más humano e integral.
Programa responsabilidad social empresarial: Empresa Global Service & Business S.A.S.
Authors: Hernández-Abreo Angélica Liliana , Abreo-Pinzón Brayan Daniel , Bohorquez-Chacón Lesley Fabiola
Published: October 2019

Los programas de responsabilidad social han venido en aumento en el entorno empresarial; las organizaciones suman esfuerzospara establecer un permanente equilibrio entre la ejecución de sus actividades de negocio, la comunidad, el medio ambiente y los trabajadores.En ese contexto, dichos programas requieren ser basados en las buenas prácticas, iniciativas que permiten a la organización generar una respuestaa necesidades propias o de sus stakeholders o realizar mejoras de desempeño, por lo tanto, son útiles para ser replicables en diferentes ámbitosinvestigativos. La empresa Global Service & Business S.A.S. ha mostrado interés por ajustar su política empresarial con el propósito de brindara sus colaboradores una serie de beneficios corporativos basados en los criterios de la norma SA8000 en las organizaciones socialmenteresponsables tales como trabajo forzoso, horarios de trabajo, seguridad y salud, discriminación y remuneración. Por lo cual, se planteó el objetivode proponer un diseño de un programa de responsabilidad social empresarial orientado al talento humano aplicando los criterios metodológicosde la guía PMBOK. La primera fase del proyecto implicó la elaboración del diagnóstico para identificar necesidades actuales de la empresa enmateria de responsabilidad social y medir el nivel de apoyo por parte de los trabajadores al programa. El diagnóstico se fundamenta en unainvestigación de alcance descriptivo, mediante la recopilación de datos cuantificables tomados de una muestra de 68 empleados, a partir de laaplicación de una encuesta diseñada según los principios de la norma SA800, adicionalmente en esta fase se efectuó una lista de chequeo coninformación suministrada por el gerente con el fin de proponer una restructuración del plan estratégico actual y se construyó el análisis DOFA,cuya información propició la generación de estrategias. Finalmente fueron diseñados los planes de gestión en las áreas de alcance, tiempo ycosto para facilitar su futura implementación
La convivencia pacífica: El reto de la psicología educativa para la transformación social.
Authors: Arenas-Tarazona Daily Yurima
Published: October 2019

En el escenario educativo surgen diferentes tipos de conflictos que relacionan tanto a los estudiantes como a los docentes, esaquí donde la psicología educativa entra a jugar un papel fundamental ya que permite evidenciar la raíz de dichos conflictos o problemáticas deeste ámbito y aportar estrategias que posibilitan dar solución a inconvenientes, a medida que evolucionaba la psicología educativa así mismofue dando respuesta a todos los interrogantes planteados en este campo, educar en la conducta de la paz a los estudiantes es una ardua tarea quecompete tanto a los padres de familia como a los docentes, dado que ambos se complementan en el fortalecimiento de los valores de los niños,niñas y adolescentes.
Gestión del riesgo psicosocial y organizacional, un análisis bibliométrico.
Authors: Rivera-Porras Diego
Published: October 2019

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo realizar un análisis bibliométrico de la conceptualización del riesgo psicosocial y susfactores desde el entorno laboral. Para el cumplimiento del propósito investigativo se realizó mediante un diseño bibliográfico de tipodocumental, a través de datos secundarios como fuente de información, es decir, analizando datos recopilados en anteriores investigaciones.Concluyendo que los factores de riesgo psicosocial pueden convertir en un medio de salud o de enfermedad para los trabajadores.
Rol del psicólogo educativo en la transformación social.
Authors: Capracio Rosa Anais
Published: October 2019

Se presenta una reflexión en cuanto al rol del psicólogo educativo y su papel en la transformación social del contexto en el queinterviene, se analiza cómo debería ser la intervención del psicólogo de la educación en cuanto a distintas problemáticas que se presentan en lasociedad actual, entre las cuales se encuentran la migración y los objetivos del desarrollo sostenible.
El intelectualismo socrático en la tarea moral del maestro
Authors: Carvajal-Rodríguez Julio Cesar Carvajal-Rodríguez
Published: October 2019

Se me ha encomendado este honor en este número de ésta importante revista de las Ingenierías y he querido retomar una de las líneas como es lo pedagógico como elemento orientador del que hacer docente y haciendo memoria a uno de nuestros grandes maestros, amigo y fundador de este prestigioso Campus, el Doctor Andrés Entrena Parra, que a diario buscaba inculcar con su ejemplo a todos los docentes; el tema de la ética en la Educación Universitaria.Quien más para emular este propósito que beber en las fuentes clásicas de otro gran maestro, aunque él término acuñado no fue la ética sino moral, plantea a mi manera de ver el deber ser de la tarea del maestro en tiempos posmodernos, para algunos un discurso poco innovador lo que obliga a reinventar la definición diciendo que es una forma nueva de ver lo viejo. Fieles a esta premisa para Sócrates es un deber moral del maestro orientar las nuevas generaciones en la búsqueda del conocimiento, que solo se puede construir con el autorreflexión y con la ayuda de un buen método, en este caso la “mayéutica”.
Ciencia, tecnología e innovación: Un análisis filosófico desde lo abstracto hacía lo fáctico.
Authors: Silva-Monsalve Gloria
Published: October 2019

El presente artículo realiza una disertación sobre la filosofía como la gestora de la triada ciencia, tecnología e innovación, lacual hará uso de la recopilación de información en la psicología educativa y organizacional a fin de divulgar el proceso de lo abstracto hacía lofáctico.
Mega elliptical roundabouts versus grade-separation interchange
Authors: Mohamed Ahmed I. Z. , Ci Yusheng , Tan Yiqiu
Published: October 2019

The mega elliptical roundabout is a new idea for intersections on rural multilane highways in the form of an elongated ellipse. Basically, there are no procedures or guidelines for designing the mega elliptical roundabout in the Highway Capacity Manual, Federal Highway Administration guides or the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials' ‘Green Book’. This research therefore presents the best geometric design scenarios of mega elliptical roundabout intersections at various traffic flows for all intersection entrances. The basis for selecting the best scenarios is to achieve minimum delay time, minimum emissions and minimum fuel consumption. This was studied at the intersection of a six-lane divided highway with a four-lane divided highway when the traffic enters from four approaches. Moreover, this research proposes the cases in which the mega elliptical roundabout is better than an interchange (full cloverleaf), and suggests the best time to make a decision to change from a mega elliptical roundabout to an interchange (full cloverleaf). The study was conducted by using Vissim software (version 10.00-02). In total, 1134 scenarios were analysed.
Simulational analysis of two controllers for variable speed limit control
Authors: Ivanjko Edouard , Kušić Krešimir , Gregurić Martin
Published: October 2019

Variable speed limit control (VSLC) is one of the services from the domain of intelligent transport systems applied to alleviate or prevent congestion on urban motorways. The main idea of VSLC is to change the speed limit according to current traffic or weather in order to improve the traffic situation. Improvement of the traffic situation on urban motorways depends on the applied controller and its parameters. For this reason, the controllers chosen for implementation have to be tested in simulations using a realistic urban motorway segment, placement of sensors and traffic scenario, and a relevant set of control parameters. An analysis of two VSLC controllers, including the influence of their parameters on controller performance with respect to traffic and environmental aspects, is presented in this paper. To this end, an appropriate microscopic simulation framework was developed, the fundamental diagram of a simulated synthetic urban motorway segment was measured and traffic parameters, with vehicle emissions values, were obtained. The effectiveness of the two analysed controllers was compared based on the obtained simulation results. The results revealed that appropriate settings of the controller are crucial to ensure optimal use of urban motorways with minimum travel times and vehicle emissions.
Obtaining multichannel ceramics based on Ti3SiC2
Authors: Istomin P. V. , Istomina E. I. , Nadutkin A. V. , Grass V. E.
Published: October 2019

It has been proposed to use reaction compositions for producing Ti3SiC2-based multichannel ceramics made up of regularly laid titanium rods and a silicon carbide ceramic material filling the space between the titanium rods. The physicochemical mechanism of formation of the multichannel structure of the resulting ceramic material has been studied. The key stage of the process is the reaction at 1360--1370 °C, as a result of which intense melting of titanium components occurs and subsequent infiltration of the silicon carbide ceramic mass with the resulting melt. In place of the original titanium elements hollow channels are formed.
Method of applying protective and electrical insulating ceramic coatings by microarc oxidation under overpressure conditions
Authors: Markov M. A. , Farmakovsky B. V. , Krasikov A. V. , Bykova A. D. , Perevislov S. N. , Belyakov A. N.
Published: October 2019

The results of the development of the technology of electrolytic deposition of protective and electrical insulating ceramic coatings are presented. The developed technology consists in the combination of microarc oxidation with the imposition of overpressure in a closed autoclave with the introduction of nanoparticles into the probe of the formation of coatings.
Tribological aspect in the technological quality assurance of ceramic parts
Authors: Kuzin V. V. , Fedorov S. Yu. , Grigor'ev S. N.
Published: October 2019

It was established that the parameters of the grinding mode of Al2O3--TiC-ceramics significantly affect their tribological characteristics, the intensification of the regime leads to an increase in the tangential force and friction coefficient, the width of the friction track and the width of the wear area. Using the identified interrelations, technological recommendations for rationing the quality of ceramic parts at the design stage, which increase the operational reliability of ceramic products, have been developed.
Production of BeO-ceramics in the USSR and its revival in modern Russia
Authors: Akishin G. P. , Kiyko V. S.
Published: October 2019

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INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF REFRACTORISTS AND METALLURGISTS THESES OF REPORTS
Authors: Editorial Artiсle
Published: October 2019

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Possibility of obtaining high-alumina materials from industrial wastes of ceramic and refractory industry (Review)
Authors: Kascheev I. D. , Zemlyanoi K. G.
Published: October 2019

The issues of obtaining aluminum oxide from man-made materials, the issues of differences in the structure, composition and properties of alumina obtained by different technological methods and the issues of providing high-alumina materials to the domestic ceramic, electronic and refractory industries are reviewed.
2,4-Dioxo-1,3-diazaspiro[4,5]decane-3-sulfonic Acid as a Novel Solid Phase Halogen-free Acid Catalyst: Preparation, Characterization and Evaluation
Authors: Khalil Behzad , Atashrazm Aref , Rasoulian Mona
Published: October 2019

N-sulfonated cyclohexylhydantoin (NSCH), a new N-sulfonic acid compound, was prepared and characterized using FT-IR, NMR, 13C NMR, UV-Vis and TGA analysis. The potential catalyst efficiency was examined, using synthesis of chromene, xanthene and hydroquinoline derivatives under solvent-free conditions. All of the examined model reactions gave excellent yields, and required short reaction times. Simple catalyst preparation and work-up under mild reaction condition, with low cost and the ability to recover the catalyst for reuse without significant loss of activity are some of the notable advantages of the introduced catalyst. Keywords: Hydantoin, N-sulfonated acidic catalyst, chromene, xanthene, hydroquinoline.
O acolhimento da família na unidade de terapia intensiva
Authors: Mercês Manuela de Oliveira das , Carvalho Brenda Fadigas , Silva Dennifer da Rocha da , Passos Simone Cardoso
Published: October 2019

OBJETIVO: Descrever a importância do acolhimento aos familiares de pacientes internados na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva descrita nas publicações. MÉTODO: Constitui-se numa revisão sistemática de abordagem qualitativa, descritiva, exploratória, realizada através do levantamento bibliográfico na Scielo, Lilacs e BDENF. Os dados foram analisados através da análise de conteúdo de Bardin. RESULTADOS: Dos 16 estudos encontrados, 10 artigos compuseram o corpus de análise da revisão, emergindo três categorias: a hospitalização de um ente querido em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva; acolhendo, envolvendo e cuidando da família em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva e as estratégias para aplicabilidade da humanização do cuidado em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva. CONCLUSÃO: é de suma importância a valorização das relações humanas estabelecidas entre profissionais, familiares e pacientes permeadas por meio do acolhimento. A enfermagem tem um papel fundamental na construção do protagonismo dos familiares, respeitando suas individualidades e angústias através de intervenções comprometidas com o cuidado integral, acolhimento, escuta, comunicação, vínculo e responsabilização e assim alcançando uma assistência de qualidade.
Fluorescent in vitro model to assess adhesion and invasion of Bd in PAK v1
Authors: Verbrugghe Elin
Published: October 2019

The largest current disease-induced loss of vertebrate biodiversity is due to chytridiomycosis and despite the increasing understanding of the pathogenesis, knowledge unravelling the early host-pathogen interactions remains limited. Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd)zoospores attach to and invade the amphibian epidermis, with subsequent invasive growth in the host skin. Availability of an in vitro assay would facilitate in depth study of this interaction while reducing the number of experimental animals needed. We describe a fluorescent cell-based in vitro infection model that reproduces host-Bd interactions. Using primary keratinocytes from Litoria caerulea and the epithelial cell line A6 from Xenopus laevis, we reproduced different stages of host cell infection and intracellular growth of Bd, resulting in host cell death, a key event in chytridiomycosis. The presented in vitro models may facilitate future mechanistic studies of host susceptibility and pathogen virulence.
Fluorescent in vitro model to assess invasion and intracellular matruation of Bd in A6 cells (Plos One) v1
Authors: Verbrugghe Elin
Published: October 2019

The largest current disease-induced loss of vertebrate biodiversity is due to chytridiomycosis and despite the increasing understanding of the pathogenesis, knowledge unravelling the early host-pathogen interactions remains limited. Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd)zoospores attach to and invade the amphibian epidermis, with subsequent invasive growth in the host skin. Availability of an in vitro assay would facilitate in depth study of this interaction while reducing the number of experimental animals needed. We describe a fluorescent cell-based in vitro infection model that reproduces host-Bd interactions. Using primary keratinocytes from Litoria caerulea and the epithelial cell line A6 from Xenopus laevis, we reproduced different stages of host cell infection and intracellular growth of Bd, resulting in host cell death, a key event in chytridiomycosis. The presented in vitro models may facilitate future mechanistic studies of host susceptibility and pathogen virulence.
Fluorescent caspase-3 staining to assess induction of apoptosis in A6 cells (Plos One) v1
Authors: Verbrugghe Elin
Published: October 2019

The largest current disease-induced loss of vertebrate biodiversity is due to chytridiomycosis and despite the increasing understanding of the pathogenesis, knowledge unravelling the early host-pathogen interactions remains limited. Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd)zoospores attach to and invade the amphibian epidermis, with subsequent invasive growth in the host skin. Availability of an in vitro assay would facilitate in depth study of this interaction while reducing the number of experimental animals needed. We describe a fluorescent cell-based in vitro infection model that reproduces host-Bd interactions. Using primary keratinocytes from Litoria caerulea and the epithelial cell line A6 from Xenopus laevis, we reproduced different stages of host cell infection and intracellular growth of Bd, resulting in host cell death, a key event in chytridiomycosis. The presented in vitro models may facilitate future mechanistic studies of host susceptibility and pathogen virulence.
Steps for Building an Open Source EI-MS Mass Spectral Library for GC-MS -based Metabolomics v1
Authors: Misra Biswapriya
Published: October 2019

The objective of this protocol is to provide a set of instructions/ steps to guide ANY NEW USER to generate an open source EI-MS mass spectral library to aid in interpretation of GC-EI-MS spectral data for metabolomics research. Users need to appreciate and acknowledge the efforts of developers who have helped build and released their EI-MS spectral data and associated meta-data for free use and distribution from Mass Bank of North America (MoNA), RIKEN, GOLM Metabolome Database, Cayman, SWGDRUG, and NIST among others.
‘See Me as I see Myself:’ A Phenomenological Analysis of Grade Bump Requests
Authors: Landrum Brittany
Published: October 2019

At the end of every semester, some students will boldly email me asking for their grade to be bumped. These requests and their motives seem closely tied to academic entitlement, which has mostly been studied quantitatively. Creating a dialogue with this published literature, this research seeks to uncover the lived meanings of a grade perceived as unjust. Using a Heideggerian life-world approach, I analyzed an email archive to explore how students are projecting lived understandings of themselves that are at odds with their grades. In their plaintive plea to change their grades, the students are seeking affirmation of their self-understanding, demanding to be seen and valued as they see themselves. These results are discussed in light of the literature reviewed and directions for future research are proffered.
Food Democracy for All? Developing a Food Hub in the Context of Socio-Economic Deprivation
Authors: Prost Sebastian
Published: October 2019

This article proposes a localised and differentiated understanding of food democracy, or rather a plurality of localised food democracies. Based on the experiences of developing a local food hub in an area of socio-economic deprivation in the UK using a participatory action research (PAR) approach, it presents local responses to three key challenges derived from the literature. It argues that for civic food networks (CFNs) to contribute to a transition towards a food democracy, they need to address challenges of: 1) balancing ethical aspirations for environmental sustainability, social justice, as well as community and individual health; 2) developing the skills required for participation in CFNs; and 3) achieving wider impact on food system transformation beyond niche solutions. The responses, or tactics, presented in this article include flexible ethical standards responding to community needs, accessible participation focusing on relationships rather than skills, and a focus on local impact while striving to collaborate and network with other organisations. It thus frames food democracy as a plurality of approaches to build and replicate CFNs. The article positions PAR with its democratic and localised approach to address real-world problems as uniquely suited to navigate the challenges of CFNs. It also discusses the role of researchers in initiating, facilitating, and shaping such processes of food system democratisation as engaged actors.
Building London’s Food Democracy: Assessing the Contributions of Urban Agriculture to Local Food Decision-Making
Authors: Hasson Alban
Published: October 2019

This article presents the contributions of Urban Agriculture practitioners in establishing the local food movement and the foundations of an active food democracy in London. It argues that food democracy is emerging from a set of contestations within institutional channels, but also through the historical struggle of formulating the dominating political discourses, both of which are co-constituted through specific social and political practices. Webster and Engberg-Pedersen’s political space framework (2002) breaks up this article in order to describe: 1) How specific institutional channels form different strategies of collaboration and contestation; 2) how these are reflected in political discourses evolution; and 3) what dilemmas and opportunities this evolution in practice entails in relation to responsibilisation and its influence on the possibility of establishing true active food democracy in London.
Conflicts over GMOs and their Contribution to Food Democracy
Authors: Friedrich Beate , Hackfort Sarah , Boyer Miriam , Gottschlich Daniela
Published: October 2019

The use of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) embodies a specific vision of agricultural systems that is highly controversial. The article focuses on how conflicts over GMOs contribute towards food democracy. Food democracy is defined as the possibility for all social groups to participate in, negotiate and struggle over how societies organize agricultural production, thereby ensuring that food systems fulfil the needs of people and sustain (re)productive nature into the future. EU agricultural policy envisages the coexistence of agricultural and food systems with and without GMOs. This policy, which on the surface appears to be a means of avoiding conflict, has in fact exacerbated conflict, while creating obstacles to the development of food democracy. By contrast, empirical analysis of movements against GMOs in Germany and Poland shows how they create pathways towards participation in the food system and the creation of alternative agricultural futures, thereby contributing to a democratization of food systems and thus of society–nature relations. Today, as products of new breeding techniques such as genome editing are being released, these movements are gaining new relevance.
Food Sharing Initiatives and Food Democracy: Practice and Policy in Three European Cities
Authors: Davies Anna R. , Cretella Agnese , Franck Vivien
Published: October 2019

Calls for greater food democracy in Europe have emerged as the limitations of urban food systems dominated by commercial organisations are documented, but little attention has been paid to how policy arrangements affect attempts to transition to more democratic food futures. This article examines food sharing initiatives—increasingly facilitated by the use of information and communication technologies—as a potential means to enhance urban food democracy, and explores the role of policy in shaping those practices in three European capital cities: Berlin, London, and Dublin. We pose two related questions: To what extent are diverse food sharing initiatives exemplars of food democracy, and to what extent do policy arrangements affect food sharing practices and the nature of any food democracy they might embody? Our empirical evidence demonstrates where the goals and impacts of food sharing initiatives align with key dimensions of food democracy. We also consider how food sharing initiatives—and any food democracy dimensions that they support—are affected by the policy environment in which they operate. The food sharing initiatives examined revealed to be agents of pro-democratic change, at least within the boundaries of their spheres of influence, despite policies rarely having their activities and aspirations in mind.
Collective Agency in the Making: How Social Innovations in the Food System Practice Democracy beyond Consumption
Authors: Fernandez-Wulff Paula
Published: October 2019

As the deleterious impacts of conventional food systems on areas including public health, environmental sustainability, and farmers’ livelihoods are progressively unveiled, citizen-led initiatives have ubiquitously sprouted, collectively building what is now known as the alternative food system. Despite recent academic interest in the role of alternative food initiatives in countering a narrow view of democracy based on market-based purchasing power, little attention has been paid to a specific democratizing feature that allows for collective expression beyond consumption, that of collective agency. This article argues that it is precisely by focusing on collective agency as the driving force for food systems’ change that we can recognize the diverse contributions of social innovations to the democratization of food systems. By engaging with the reasonings of consumer sovereignty proponents, building on academic literature on the concept of collective agency, and drawing from empirical work with over a hundred local social innovations of the global North, this article proposes an agency typology that allows for parsing out its different dimensions, highlighting social innovations’ key role as agency enablers and agents of change in the democratization of food systems.
Anti-Democratic Tenets? Behavioural-Economic Imaginaries of a Future Food System
Authors: Gumbert Tobias
Published: October 2019

This article makes the central argument that basic democratic values such as justice, autonomy and participation run the risk of being neglected when designing ‘nudges’ (i.e., indirect suggestions to influence individual behaviour) for sustainable behaviour change in the context of food governance, potentially complicating a democratisation of the food system. ‘Nudges’ uphold freedom of choice while simultaneously advocating a non-coercive soft force of paternalism to help people realise their preferences, maximise societal well-being and meet macro-sustainability goals. While the promises of the ‘nudge’ approach are widely echoed, nudging is also being contested because of its possible anti-democratic effects, such as individualisation, depoliticization and the emphasis of the status of citizens as ‘consumer-citizens.’ From a food democracy perspective, these dangers may undermine efforts to organise collective political action and impede alternative visions of a future food system. Empirically, the article examines specifically how behavioural-economic approaches imagine transitions to a more sustainable food system. By using the “COOP Supermarket of the Future” as a case study, the following analysis will illustrate how private actors are increasingly involved in steering consumer choice towards socially desirable actions. The analysis suggests that the design of choice environments may under specific circumstances increase the susceptibility of individuals to the influence of corporate preferences and simultaneously decrease the prospects for democratic legitimation and decision-making. The article therefore critically assesses whether reforming the food system by altering consumers’ choice-sets and the attribution of personal responsibility, may in fact point towards implicit anti-democratic tenets underlying the ‘will to nudge’ citizens.
Editorial: New Perspectives on Food Democracy
Authors: Bornemann Basil , Weiland Sabine
Published: October 2019

With the overall intention of stimulating the debate on food democracy, this thematic issue aims to shed fresh light on the complex relationship between food and democracy in different contexts. New theoretical perspectives and empirical analyses are presented that explore, sharpen, question, and expand the potential of food democracy as both, an analytical lens onto the state and development of contemporary food systems, and as a political idea for transforming the dominant agri-industrial food system. In this editorial to the thematic issue “New Perspectives on Food Democracy,” we briefly recapitulate the existing debate on food democracy, explain the goals and overarching questions of the thematic issue and provide an overview of the assembled articles.
An alignment-free method for bulk comparison of protein sequences from different species
Authors: DOGAN Berat
Published: October 2019

The available number
of protein sequences rapidly increased with the development of new sequencing
techniques. This in turn led to an urgent need for the development of new
computational methods utilizing these data for the solution of different
biological problems. One of these problems is the comparison of protein
sequences from different species to reveal their evolutional relationship.
Recently, several alignment-free methods proposed for this purpose. Here in
this study, we also proposed an alignment-free method for the same purpose.
Different from the existing methods, the proposed method not only allows for a
pairwise comparison of two protein sequences, but also it allows for a bulk
comparison of multiple protein sequences simultaneously. Computational results
performed on gold-standard datasets showed that, bulk comparison of multiple
sequences is much faster than its pairwise counterpart and the proposed method
achieves a performance which is quite competitive with the state-of-the-art
alignment-based method, ClustalW.0000-0003-4810-1970
Volt / VAR Regulation in Energy Transmission Systems Using SVC and STATCOM Devices
Authors: CARLAK Hamza Feza , KAYAR Ergin
Published: October 2019

To ensure
energy continuity in the interconnected power systems, production and
consumption amounts should be in balance, and that can be possible by providing
constant voltage and frequency. Otherwise, undesirable large dynamic
oscillations, voltage collapse may occur, and the quality of the electrical
energy deteriorates. In this study, the power system of the Denizli Region in
the Western Mediterranean Region is modeled using realistic national data. The
simulation study is carried out to obtain the voltages, active and reactive
powers of buses in the case of no-fault and fault occurrence. Using FACTS (Flexible
Alternating Current Transmission Systems) technology such as SVC and STATCOM,
the power systems can be controlled, and the carrying capacities can be
improved within specified limits. Facts devices are capable of producing and
consuming reactive power depending on immediate needs, safe and operating
flexibility, and having a high reaction time in the simulation studies. The
maximum load limits are increased, and the control of the power system is
facilitated. STATCOM provides 31.09 %
more achievement with respect to SVC device at energy production and
consumption rates for the modeled pilot region. The reliability of the
power system has been increased against a voltage collapse, thanks to the SVC
and STATCOM controllers. Furthermore, the voltage stability of the generator is
also raised, and correspondingly the capacity of the power system enhances. The
results are compared to the existing system, and the obtained improvements may
be assessed for the enhancement of the interconnected network grid of Turkey.
Simultaneous Sensing of Dual Analyte Photonic Crystal Fiber Based Liquid Sensor
Authors: ADEMGİL Huseyin
Published: October 2019

This
article proposes three novel models of photonic crystal fiber (PCF) based dual
liquid sensor. The performances of Z-Model, X-Model and V-Model structures have
been evaluated by applying the well-known full vectorial finite element method
(FV-FEM) where boundaries are defined with perfectly matched layers (PMLs). The
birefringence and the sensitivity levels of proposed sensors have been studied
where core holes are filled with water (n=1.33) and ethanol (n= 1.354). Our
numerical results have shown that X-Model and Z-Model of A-Type sensor is an
ideal structure for water and ethanol sensing, respectively.
A Modified Palatal Appliance for Forced Eruption of Impacted Central Incisor
Authors: Tai Kiyoshi , Shin Je-won , Park Jae Hyun , Sato Yasumori
Published: October 2019

A 9-year-old female was referred by her general dentist for an evaluation of an impacted maxillary left central incisor. Her maxillary left primary incisors showed crossbites and her right central incisor showed an edge-to-edge bite which caused gingival recession on the mandibular right central incisor. After treatment, the impacted maxillary central incisor erupted successfully. An optimal overbite and overjet were also achieved, and her gingival recession was improved.
Correlation between Dental Maturity and Body Mass Index in Korean Children
Authors: Kim Byurira , Kim Ik-Hwan , Lim Sung-Shil , Lee Hyo-Seol , Park Ki-Ho , Song Je Seon
Published: October 2019

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine relationships between dental maturity and body mass index (BMI) in Korean children. Study Design: 600 Korean children aged between 5 and 10 years for whom panoramic radiographs have been obtained between 2010 and 2017 were selected. Subjects were divided into four weight-status groups: underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese. Five lower-left permanent teeth were observed and rated. The stage of each tooth was converted into a score using the table suggested by Demirjian, and the sum of these scores was designated as the ‘maturity score’. Results: This study found statistically significant differences in dental maturity between the weight groups (analysis of variance, P=0.003), with the maturity score being higher in the obese group than in normal-weight subjects (Tukey’s post-hoc test, P=0.004). The linear regression showed a positive association between BMI and the maturity score after adjusting for sex and age (β=0.34, P<0.001). The linear regression coefficient was higher in girls (β=0.61, P<0.001) than in boys (β=0.31, P=0.02). Conclusions: These data suggest that dental maturation is positively associated with BMI in Korean children. Since many treatment decisions are made in relation to dental maturity, these findings may have implications for pediatric dental care.
Pulp Chamber Analysis of Primary Molars Using Micro-Computed Tomography: Preliminary Findings
Authors: Cheong Jason , Chiam Sara , King Nigel M , Anthonappa Robert P
Published: October 2019

Purpose: To determine the three-dimensional (3D) tooth morphology of all primary molars and to identify and consolidate positional factors that could potentially have an effect on tooth preparation. Study design: Thirty-one non-carious primary molars were scanned using micro-CT and reconstructed using 3D analysis software. Each pulp horn to its respective cusp tip distance (PHCD) was measured as well as the distances from the pulp chamber to the mesial, distal, lingual and buccal surfaces. One-way ANOVA and post-hoc t-tests were used for data analysis. Results: The mesio-buccal and disto-buccal PHCD was significantly shorter than the mesio-lingual and disto-lingual PHCDs in maxillary second primary molars (P < 0.05). Mesial, distal and lingual walls were thinner than the buccal walls of mandibular molars while in maxillary molars; the mesial and distal walls were thinner than the palatal and buccal walls (P < 0.05). Conclusions: First primary molars have thinner tooth structure surrounding the pulp than second primary molars in the same arch with the exception of the buccal walls of all molars and lingual walls of maxillary molars. The mesial and distal walls are thinner than the buccal walls of all molars and lingual walls in maxillary molars.
Comparative Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Effects of Different Mouthrinses against Streptococcus Mutans: An in Vitro Study
Authors: Abu-obaid Eman , Salama Fouad , Abu-obaid Ala’a , Alanazi Fars , Salem Mounir , Auda Sayed
Published: October 2019

Purpose: To assess the antimicrobial effects of different natural and semi-natural mouthrinses on isolates of S. mutans obtained from the saliva of Saudi children and reference strains of S mutans (ATCC 25175). Study design: Saliva samples were collected from 20 children. Natural and semi-natural mouthrinses included were herbal mix mouthrinse, cranberry mouthrinse, chlorhexidine digluconate mouthrinse, cranberry extract mixed with chlorhexidine digluconate mouthrinse, chlorhexidine digluconate mouthrinse with alcohol (positive control), and distilled water (negative control). The microbiological examination tests were minimal inhibitory concentration, minimal bactericidal concentration, and zone of inhibition for the saliva isolates of S. mutans while zone of inhibition test only for reference strain of S. mutans. Results: For reference strain in a comparison with the distilled water, the herbal mix, cranberry, cranberry mixed with chlorhexidine, chlorhexidine, and chlorhexidine with alcohol showed significantly increased zones of inhibition by 36.38, 36.25, 26.13, 17.75, and 12.38, respectively. For saliva isolates in a comparison with the distilled water, the herbal mix, cranberry, cranberry mixed with chlorhexidine, chlorhexidine, and chlorhexidine with alcohol showed significantly increased zones of inhibition by 38.00, 34.25, 22.94, 16.50, and 16.44, respectively. Chlorhexidine with alcohol showed significantly lower minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentration than the other groups. Conclusions: Herbal mix and cranberry mouthrinses could be effective natural alternative to chlorhexidine mouthrinse with or without alcohol in affecting tested parameters.
Success of Dental Treatments under Behavior Management, Sedation and General Anesthesia
Authors: Blumer Sigalit , Costa Liora , Peretz Benjamin
Published: October 2019

Objective: To present comparative data with the aim of assisting the practitioner to choose between behavior modification (BM) techniques, pharmacologic sedation (N2O-O2 alone or combined with midazolam 0.5 mg/kg) or routine general anesthesia (GA) for the most successful approach in enabling pediatric dental care. Study design: Dental records of 56 children treated in a university dental clinic between 2006–2016 were reviewed, and data on age, gender, required treatment (amalgam restorations, composite restorations, pulpotomy, and stainless steel crowns [SSC]), treatment approaches and therapeutic success at final follow-up were retrieved. Results: Treatment under GA had the best success rates compared to both BM and pharmacologic sedation. N2O-O2 alone had a 6.1-fold greater risk of failure compared to N2O-O2+midazolam (p- <0.008). Amalgam restorations had a 2.61-fold greater risk of failure than SSC (p- <0.008). Conclusions: The GA mode yielded significantly greater success than the N2O-O2 mode alone. There were no significant differences in success rates between GA and combined midazolam 0.5 mg/kg+N2O-O2. When choosing restoration material, it is important to remember the high success rate of SSC compared to amalgam restoration.
Non-Surgical Persian Medicine-Based Treatment of Chronic Refractory Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction in a Surgical Candidate (Thirteen-month-old) Infant
Authors: Nejatbakhsh Fatemeh , Shirbeigi Laila , Masoudi Ali , Niktabe Zahra , Masoudi Nematollah
Published: October 2019

Congenital or acquired obstruction is the most common anomaly of nasolacrimal duct (NLD). NLD obstruction (NLDO) is one of the most common problems in pediatric ophthalmology. Some symptoms of NLDO are seen in 6-20% of infants. NLDO creates two problems; first is disruption in the flow of tears that is due to epiphora. Another is the infection leading to stasis of fluid in the lacrimal system. Surgery is the choice treatment of chronic congenital NLDO in the refractory infants to massage and antibiotics. Dam-e is a watery discharge of eyes that has different reasons in Persian Medicine (PM). Based on the symptoms which was seen in patients with NLDO, it could be one of the subgroups of Dam-e. Conforming to Persian Medicine, residue of materials that moves from brain to the eyes and sediments in the NLD, can be the main reason of NLDO. Our case is the thirteen-month-old infant with congenital NLDO unresponsive to antibiotics and massage and has been a candidate for surgery. In PM view, to open the lacrimal duct obstruction, we use the properties of Persian Medicine’drugs (including Honey, camphor, vinegar and sesame oil) such as fragmentation of excreta (are Moghatte in PM), anti- obstruction (Mofatteh in PM), cleansing (Monaghi in PM) and descaling (Jali in PM) effects, and the patient’s symptoms were nonsurgically relieved. In the discussion of this paper, the properties of these drugs also check point of view of contemporary medicine’s viewpoints compared to Persian Medicine.