bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Normative Legitimacy Management and the Expansion of Purpose-Driven Workforces through Organizational Identity
Authors: Fuller LaJuan Perronoski
Published: May 2022

Social-political legitimacy requires leaders to do things right (normative legitimacy) and correctly (regulatory legitimacy). However, it is more challenging to manage normative legitimacy in diverse organizations. Leaders use normative legitimacy to help align organizational values to the social environment in which it operates. The ability to manage normative behaviors is an ethical virtue and may establish a link with organizational identity. This research applies the leadership ethics and decision-making (LEAD) model. The LEAD model suggests that employee perception of ethics requires leaders to conduct an outward examination of their decisions using integrity, assurance, and pragmatism. Previous research suggests that the LEAD model may act as an ethical guide to "doing things right" and potentially fill the gap in managing normative legitimacy by influencing organizational identity. The results conclude that outward examinations account for employee perceptions and that the LEAD model is a suitable ethical leadership concept. Integrity, assurance, and pragmatism have significant positive relationships with and predict organizational identity. The findings reveal that the LEAD model discerns ethical leadership behavior, appropriately manages normative legitimacy, and creates a purpose-driven workforce by developing organizational identity.
Predicting Students’ Financial Knowledge from Attitude towards Finance
Authors: Bocchialini Elisa , Ronchini Beatrice , Torti Francesca
Published: May 2022

Attitude towards finance and financial attitude are very different constructs. Despite the popularity of the latter, it has recently been subject to criticism. Following Di Martino and Zan (2010), the former explicitly considers emotions and beliefs (about self and finance) and the mutual relationship between them. At present, there is a paucity of evidence on how ‘attitude toward finance’ may impact financial knowledge: this is a new area of inquiry in academic literature. Research is at a preliminary stage, although the jigsaw of financial literacy is receiving greater attention worldwide. This study measures individual attitudes towards finance and determines the effects of this profile on financial knowledge level. It uses about 500 economics students in Italy as sample respondents. It is based on a structured questionnaire survey as a data collection method. The data is analysed using Structural Equation Modeling. A significant positive correlation is found between financial knowledge and attitude toward finance. The direction of causality is found to be from attitude toward finance to financial knowledge, and this finding suggests that attitude toward finance can play an important role in financial education. Among the various dimensions of attitude toward finance, emotional disposition towards finance, and secondly, the self-confidence level, are the most influential factors on economic students’ financial knowledge level. Gender is also found to be closely correlated to both financial knowledge and attitude toward finance. Findings mainly suggest the importance of attitude toward finance on financial knowledge. For policymakers, the results of this study could indicate new ways of solving the financial illiteracy problem.
Het onderzoek door de advocaat in een veranderd compliance landschap
Authors: Brouwer D.V.A. (Dian)
Published: May 2022

Het onderzoek door de advocaat in een veranderd compliance landschap

Er is veel te doen over ‘onafhankelijk’ onderzoek door advocaten. In de afgelopen 20 jaar lijkt deze vorm van advocatuurlijke dienstverlening uitgegroeid van een absolute nicheactiviteit tot een naar het lijkt vanzelfsprekend stukje advocatuur. Maar er zijn ook hier grenzen aan de groei. Die worden tegenwoordig voor een belangrijk deel bepaald door de publieke opinie.
De regeling weigerende observandi
Authors: Thierry D.M. (Diederik)
Published: May 2022

De regeling weigerende observandi

Mede naar aanleiding van de moordzaak tegen Michael P. is een regeling ingevoerd die erin voorziet medische gegevens te verstrekken over een verdachte die weigert mee te werken aan het opstellen van een rapportage door het Pieter Baan Centrum. Via deze regeling kan een behandelaar worden verplicht gegevens zonder toestemming van zijn patiënt te verstrekken. De onafhankelijke Adviescommissie Gegevensverstrekking Weigerende Observandi, heeft in deze wettelijke regeling een zeeffunctie gekregen die eraan bijdraagt dat de inbreuk op het medisch beroepsgeheim zo beperkt mogelijk wordt gehouden. Enkele onderdelen van de weigeraanpak worden in dit artikel aangestipt.
La formación en traductología en el grado de Traducción e Interpretación de la Universidad española
Authors: Castellano Martínez José María , Rodríguez Tapia Sergio
Published: May 2022

Este estudio pretende identificar qué fortalezas y debilidades plantea la enseñanza de la traductología en el panorama nacional. Para ello, partimos de las competencias profesionales previstas en el Libro blanco del título de Grado en Traducción e Interpretación de la ANECA (2004) y tomamos como modelo los contenidos indicados en las referencias bibliográficas más citadas en las guías docentes de las 32 asignaturas analizadas. Los resultados sugieren la obra de Hurtado (2001) como obra de referencia en la mayoría de las guías docentes, un tercio de titulaciones que contemplan una formación integral en traductología, y una generalización de resultados de aprendizaje que pretenden el pensamiento crítico y la preparación en técnicas y tecnologías de la traducción, pero que se alejan de la motivación de la autonomía y de la formación en destrezas comunicativas.
Learning Acquisition through The Art of Reading: A Theory
Authors: Geryl D. Cataraja
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the challenges on the implementation of SQ3R on the reading comprehension of students and to find out what theory can be generated from the study. The method in this study is a qualitative research design grounded theory model.  The Theory on the learning process has been generated and formulated, “Learning can be facilitated through a reading activity if students experience something new or novel activity when they are engaged in tasks especially on mental organizations and interaction among themselves and with the teacher.” The result revealed that SQ3R reading strategy improves students’ learning outcomes it is recommended that Teachers could apply effective strategies in the teaching-learning process to enhance students’ learning outcomes.
Marriage Culture in Pakistan in Relation to Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice
Authors: Shahab Uddin Shahab Uddin , Sharif² Mohammad Muazzam
Published: May 2022

This research paper attempts to study and interpret the concept of marriage in Pakistan with respect to Jane Austen’s narrative work, Pride and Prejudice. The novel under study has a major influence on our conception of marriage prevailing in our contemporary set up. There are five various sorts of marriage depicted in this novel, each of which has its own unique characteristics and preferences. In Pakistan, it is possible to find these kinds of weddings which make this study relevant in the intended context. This study aims to connect Austen's ideas on different types of marriage on the then society with the traditional views on marriage in the current scenario of our own contemporary context. In this way this paper presents a useful comparative analysis to highlight the idea and set conventions related to wed lock along with the potential of Jane Austen work to highlight the marriage culture of Pakistan in contrast to the original setting of the novel.
Estratégias de Marketing Digital para Internacionalização de Marcas
Authors: Vale Daniela , Teixeira Sandrina , Lima Rua Orlando
Published: May 2022

O processo de internacionalização das empresas está em constante mudança. Uma empresa para crescer e internacionalizar a sua atividade necessita de um elevado conjunto de recursos, capacidades e competências para diferenciar as suas marcas nos mercados de destino, tendo em vista a obtenção de vantagens competitivas. Este livro tem como objetivo fundamental fornecer suporte teórico e prático para auxiliar os gestores a definirem as estratégias digitais de internacionalização mais adequadas às suas empresas, nomeadamente na escolha de mercados prioritários, de métodos de entrada em cada mercado e de marketing digital que estas têm ao seu dispor, nomeadamente de SEO, de redes sociais e de criação de conteúdo. As temáticas apresentadas são aplicadas ao setor do retalho infantil e consubstanciadas pelo estudo de caso da Zippy. São apresentadas propostas de estratégias digitais de internacionalização da marca para os mercados da França, Bélgica e Holanda.
COVID-19 pandemic in Bosnia and Herzegovina: March – June 2020
Authors: Hukić Mirsada , Ponjavić Mirza
Published: May 2022

At the end of 2019 the world became aware of the existence of a new virus stemming from the Coronaviridae family and causing a specific disease – COVID-19. In less than three months, the virus and its consequences, developed from being a local public health problem in China to a daunting global problem we all had to face. On March 11, 2020 the World Health Organization (WHO) declared a pandemic of COVID-19. On the international scale, even in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH), the response of the professionals and scientists has been rapid, although not always consistently efficient enough. Despite the selfless cooperation of scientists and practitioners worldwide, countries with developed economies, good public health and a strong scientific system have had the advantage in the fight against the disease over developing countries. Despite the fact that by these criteria BiH is not one of the most resilient countries, so far, its response to the pandemic has seemed to be satisfactory. The Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina (ANUBiH) was one of the first institutions of the science system to respond to the pandemic. On the initiative and under the leadership of academician Mirsada Hukić, on March 22, 2020 the development of the project "Epidemic Location Intelligence System (ELIS)" and its Geoportal began on a voluntary basis, with the task of permanently monitoring the spread of COVID-19. Theoretical and professional parts of the project in the areas of medicine, public health and informatics were completed by April 2, 2020. Thanks to the support to the project by the Chairman of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Mr. Šefik Džaferović, the expert system received additional hardware support and was filled in time with data from across the country. This enabled the system to become operational as early as on April 8, 2020. The results of all these efforts are visible in this publication. Initially, the ELIS project was important for the epidemiological and public health area. The abundance of collected data and obtained virus samples enabled the extension of the project idea to the sequencing of viruses found in BiH and their typology. The transition of research to the clinical aspects of COVID-19 is the next phase in the development of the ELIS project. ANUBiH has already started the work on examining the economic and pedagogical consequences of COVID-19 in order to look at this medical phenomenon in the broadest possible context. All the results of ANUBiH in response to the epidemic challenges of COVID-19 are achieved due to the synergistic action of numerous individuals and institutions in different fields of science and public health in cooperation with government. Therefore, I believe that the ELIS project has shown the way to go in solving the burning problems of our society which we will encounter in the future.
UPDATE IN DIAGNOSTICS CARDIOLOGY
Authors: Mesihović-Dinarević Senka
Published: May 2022

Cardiovascular medicine is an area of clinical practice with a continually rapid expansion of knowledge, guidelines, best practices and new technology in adult cardiovascular medicine as well as in paediatric cardiology medicine. Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of mortality in the world and cause major costs for the health sector and economy. Cardiovascular imaging indices have a significant impact on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cardiac diseases. Advanced imaging technologies have dramatically improved our ability to detect and treat cardiovascular disease at an early stage. Multimodality imaging techniques - echocardiogram, cardiac computerized tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, simulation 3D models, artificial intelligence - are being used more frequently as their utility is better appreciated. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) exerts an unprecedented global impact on public health and health care delivery. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2) causing COVID-19 has reached pandemic levels since March 2020. Patients with cardiovascular (CV) risk factors and established CVD represent a vulnerable population when suffering from COVID-19, and have an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Severe COVID-19 infection is associated with myocardial damage and cardiac arrhythmia. Diagnostic workup during SARS infection revealed electrocardiographic changes, sub-clinical left ventricular (LV) diastolic impairment and troponin elevation. All professionals in cardiovascular medicine, as a part of lifelong learning process, have the continuous imperative in reviewing novelties, with results data from numerous researches in order to treat all patients according to best practices and evidence-based medicine, especially on this journey through corona pandemic.
Dark Money Darker? IRS Shutters Collection of Donor Data
Authors: Hackney Philip
Published: May 2022

The IRS recently rescinded a longstanding rule that required certain nonprofits to disclose substantial donor names and addresses on the nonprofit annual information return. This was a mistake. Though the rule remains for charities and political organizations, the collection of this information non-publicly by the IRS is needed to enforce tax-exempt requirements and the tax law generally for social welfare organizations and business leagues. It serves both as a roadmap for audits and as a hindrance to improper transactions. It also is reasonable for the IRS to collect this information to support legal regimes ancillary to the tax law such as state nonprofit law and campaign finance. Tax law prohibits the distribution of earnings from a nonprofit to those who control the organization. Like officers and directors, substantial donors are classic suspects of those who might seek improper private benefits through their control of a nonprofit. But substantial donors, unlike officers and directors, are not public facing. Without substantial donor information, an IRS auditor has no reason to begin to question certain transactions and operations of the nonprofit that accrue to the benefit of a substantial donor that could potentially lead to modification of a claimed tax result. The Supreme Court recently found a similar requirement of the state of California to impose a burden on First Amendment free association rights, and furthermore found that the state failed to show the requirement was narrowly tailored to the governmental interest of protecting citizens from fraud on charity. The Court’s ruling calls into question the constitutionality of the IRS requirement too. However, the Court accepted that the governmental interest associated with tax law might be different from the case made by the California attorney general. This Article does not significantly engage with the question of the constitutionality of this IRS requirement but does suggest the important governmental interest involved. There are important governmental and democratic interests involved beyond the free association rights of substantial donors, namely that the tax, campaign finance and nonprofit law be enforced equally upon all and appear to be enforced equally. The importance of the ability of the government to collect the revenue is significant as well.
Why the Optimal Long-Run Tax Rate on Capital is Zero . . . or Very High
Authors: Sanchirico Chris
Published: May 2022

Judd’s (1985) finding that the optimal long-run rate of tax on capital is zero—even if equity is an important social objective—has exerted substantial influence in academic and policy circles over the last several decades. Only very recently has it become clear that Judd’s zero-tax result rests on an implicitly adopted assumption about how savings responds to taxation. Working within the very same model structure, Straub and Werning (2020) demonstrate that the optimal long-term tax rate is positive and potentially large under an alternative, equally plausible assumption. This paper attempts to fill a remaining gap in the literature by providing a clear explanation of what is driving results in both variants of Judd’s original model. Furthermore, it suggests that the real logical engine in both cases is an oddity in the mathematical conception of infinity that is of little consequence for actual tax policy.
Too Much SALT? The Nuanced Impact of the State and Local Tax Deduction Cap on Pass-Through Business Taxpayers
Authors: Kahn Jeffrey , Romney Miles , Treu John
Published: May 2022

Perhaps the most controversial provision of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 is the state and local tax deduction limitation (or SALT cap), particularly with respect to how the cap impacts pass-through entities in high-tax states. This particular provision of the tax law has been criticized by opponents as deliberately punitive to small businesses in blue states, while proponents maintain that eliminating the SALT cap would primarily benefit high income taxpayers. Politicians from blue states have called for the repeal of the SALT cap, and some states have enacted various workarounds with questionable prospects of success. Still, many taxpayers will not benefit from a SALT deduction irrespective of the SALT cap, particularly taxpayers that either take the standard deduction or are subject to the alternative minimum tax (AMT). We examine the developing law around the SALT cap and provide descriptive empirical evidence of its disparate impact on closely held business taxpayers. Consistent with prior economics literature, we find that the impact is indeed most pronounced among high-income taxpayers in blue states. However, we note that the impact is substantially less than the furor over the limitation would suggest because many high-income taxpayers are subject to the AMT and so are not significantly affected by the limitation. These findings suggest two underemphasized points. First, the imposition of the SALT cap was not the drastic financial hit to blue state taxpayers that policy makers and commentators have suggested. Second, with a new administration that favors eliminating the SALT cap, Congress could consider whether the repeal of the cap alone is enough because further changes would be needed to return the SALT deduction to its earlier prominence.
RECURSOS NATURAIS SOB A PERSPECTIVA DA COMUNIDADE QUILOMBOLA DE FURNAS DOS BAIANOS NA ESTRADA-PARQUE PIRAPUTANGA, AQUIDAUANA, MATO GROSSO DO SUL
Authors: Oppliger Emilia Alibio , Oliveira Ademir Kleber Morbeck de
Published: May 2022

As comunidades tradicionais são grupos com identidade própria e organização social distinta, que utilizam territórios e recursos naturais para manter sua cultura e sua existência. O objetivo desta pesquisa é caracterizar recursos naturais existentes na comunidade quilombola de Furnas dos Baianos, sob a perspectiva dos moradores. A metodologia utilizada combinou formulário (relação recursos naturais/modo de vida/conhecimento tradicional dos moradores) e entrevista (memórias dos moradores/paisagem natural). Um integrante de cada família foi convidado a participar e as 14 famílias que formam a comunidade foram representadas. Assim, fez-se um registro de características da paisagem natural à época da formação da comunidade e situou-se a discussão no uso atual dos recursos naturais relacionados à cultura tradicional e ao saber fazer dos moradores; e se há e quais as formas de exploração econômica destes recursos. As atividades desenvolvidas nas propriedades são de subsistência, relacionadas à cultura tradicional da comunidade, com uso do solo e do córrego das Antas. O turismo foi apontado como possibilidade de atividade econômica sustentável.
TIPOLOGIA DE ÁREAS ÚMIDAS NA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO RIO PANDEIROS EM MINAS GERAIS - BRASIL
Authors: Borges Mariley Gonçalves , Costa Luis Ricardo Fernandes da
Published: May 2022

As áreas úmidas são sistemas que desempenham funções consideradas importantes para o ambiente, com contribuições hidrológicas, biológicas, climáticas e sócio-econômicas. A degradação e/ou substituição dessas áreas por outras fitofisionomias de Cerrado acarretam muitos prejuízos ambientais, por isso a necessidade de identificação e monitoramento constante dessas áreas, além de estudos voltados para sua gênese e evolução. O sensoriamento remoto é uma técnica que possibilita compreender um pouco esse ecossistema, e auxilia, juntamente com as campanhas de campo, a identificar as alterações que esses ambientes vêm sofrendo. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar e classificar os tipos de áreas úmidas presentes na bacia do rio Pandeiros, importante afluente do médio São Francisco. A metodologia utilizada consistiu na fotointerpretação com base em atributos das imagens WorldView-II de 1,20 metros de resolução espacial, tais como a tonalidade, textura, estrutura e localização geográfica, delimitação de suas áreas pelo processo manual de vetorização e classificação de suas tipologias com base na literatura. Como resultado foi identificado na bacia do rio Pandeiros a existência de áreas úmidas do tipo veredas, pântano, hidromorfismo no canal, AU relictual, AU artificial e AU de áreas inundáveis. As veredas, em particular, vêm sofrendo um processo de descaracterização devido à ocorrência da atividade antrópica instalada desde o seu processo de ocupação, além de estar em constante processo natural de evolução, devido acompanhar a evolução do relevo de chapadas.
A PAISAGEM ENQUANTO CAMPO DE BATALHAS DIRCURSIVO
Authors: Silva Leonardo Luiz Silveira da , Costa Alfredo
Published: May 2022

A abordagem que explora o simbolismo na paisagem representou a transcendência da materialidade em um contexto de ruptura frente ao objetivismo positivista. Traz, no contexto dessa transcendência, a possibilidade de interpretarmos as marcas expressas na paisagem como produto e estímulo à agência humana, em uma concepção bastante enraizada na Nova Geografia Cultural. No interior da discussão simbólica, apresenta-se como pauta muito importante a reflexão de como a gestão do arranjo paisagístico pode servir para a manutenção do status político-social. Nesse sentido, o artigo parte da perspectiva do entendimento da paisagem enquanto um campo de batalha discursivo, mas, ao mesmo tempo, rejeita as abordagens totalizantes que visam compreender os símbolos como expressão e interpretação de uma mítica coletividade monolítica. Objetivamos, assim, refletir de que forma as forças hegemônicas e contestatórias se coadunam na paisagem, com o foco centrado nas identidades em detrimento da coletividade.
USO E COBERTURA DA TERRA NO TRÓPICO SEMIÁRIDO:
Authors: Oliveira Junior Israel de , Pereira Anderson de Jesus , Silva Barbara-Christine Marie Nentwig
Published: May 2022

Por meio deste estudo, objetivou discutir sobre o processo de mapeamento de uso e cobertura da terra, para analisar a evolução da pressão ambiental e fatores da desertificação no trópico semiárido, tendo como escala de análise o município de Canudos, localizado no estado da Bahia. O município encontra-se inserido na Área Susceptível à Desertificação (ASD) e possui condições climáticas de severidade, em função da quantidade de chuvas anuais, concentração pluviométrica e ocorrência periódica do fenômeno da seca. Realizou o mapeamento de uso e cobertura da terra em cinco décadas, nos anos de 1977, 1987, 1997, 2007 e 2017, pelo uso de imagens de sensores LANDSAT, que denotou a ampliação contínua de formas de degradação, como as de Solo exposto. A pressão ambiental decorre das atividades agropastoris, que substituem as formações vegetais da Caatinga, sobretudo em áreas da depressão.
Desenvolvimento de uma ferramenta colaborativa na elaboração de instrumentos legais participativos
Authors: Oliveira e Silva Flávio Eduardo , Paula Jonas H. R. , de Paula Melise M. V.
Published: May 2022

O Estatuto da Cidade é uma lei federal brasileira que regulamenta a política urbana do país e determina que haja a participação pública na construção de instrumentos legais voltados para o planejamento urbano. Contudo, essa participação foi prejudicada devido ao avanço da pandemia do Covid-19, pois as audiências públicas e encontros presenciais tiveram de ser cancelados para evitar o contágio da doença. Este artigo apresenta os resultados preliminares de uma solução cujo objetivo é permitir a participação da população na elaboração desses instrumentos através de uma ferramenta de participação eletrônica. Essa ferramenta foi utilizada pela população em casos reais obtendo uma boa aceitação junto aos usuários finais.
Socialização em Equipes Remotas durante a Pandemia de COVID-19: Resultados de uma Pesquisa-Ação
Authors: da Rocha Thayssa A. , Silva Alan T. A. , Lima Aline F. dos A. , Pinheiro André L. C. , Teran Luciano A. , de Souza Cleidson R. B.
Published: May 2022

O distanciamento social, promovido pela necessidade de frear o contágio durante a pandemia de COVID-19, transformou a dinâmica de trabalho de todas as empresas. As interações entre os colaboradores passaram a ser majoritariamente profissionais, regidas por agendas determinadas e objetivas e vinculadas basicamente aos assuntos de trabalho. Entretanto, fatores importantes para a colaboração remota são potencializados com ações de socialização e estas foram dificultadas ou abandonadas com a pandemia. Utilizando a metodologia de pesquisa-ação, este artigo relata as mudanças promovidas em uma empresa de tecnologia para fomentar a socialização dos seus colaboradores. Os aprendizados obtidos estudando estas mudanças embasaram a criação de um conjunto de recomendações para a continuidade destas iniciativas, ainda que de maneira remota, quando não for possível sua realização presencial.
Um Modelo de Contexto para Apoiar a Acessibilidade em Ferramentas de Video Chamadas
Authors: Cruz Carlos Daniel Santana , Arouca Murilo Guerreiro , Ribeiro Ailton , Pestana Maria Clara , Vieira Vaninha
Published: May 2022

Com o advento da pandemia de Covid-19, o uso de videochamadas tornou-se indispensável para a continuidade das atividades diárias. Nesse cenário, existe uma lacuna relacionada à acessibilidade para a inclusão de pessoas com deficiência. O objetivo deste trabalho é propor uma ferramenta para complementar as plataformas de videochamada, fornecendo instruções e automatizando algumas tarefas inerentes à participação de pessoas com deficiência visual. Para tanto, foi desenvolvido um modelo de contexto, estruturado a partir de um estudo com usuários, onde foram estacados os principais problemas relacionados à acessibilidade em plataformas de videochamada. Por meio dessa abordagem é possível disponibilizar informações acessíveis relacionadas aos aspectos de seu vídeo, como enquadramento da imagem e nível de brilho.
Ethics: What is the Research Scenario in the Brazilian Symposium SBSC?
Authors: Carvalho Luiz Paulo , Suzano José Antonio , Oliveira Jonice , França Juliana Baptista dos Santos , Santoro Flávia Maria
Published: May 2022

Ethics is a human construction, therefore historical, social and cultural. It is impossible to conceive Collaborative Systems without thinking about ethics, because this is manifested in the practices between us. The largest academic-scientific event dedicated to the field of CS in Brazil is the Brazilian Symposium on Collaborative Systems. Through a Systematic Literature Review, we aim to answer the question: what is the panorama of the explicit occurrence of ethical aspects in the publications of the main track of the SBSC? Considering the importance of ethics associated with free, conscious and intentional human practice in a collective and collaborative scope, how are ethical aspects considered, if any, in the communications of these researches? In this sense, what was initially proposed as an Systematic Literature Review became a stimulus to reflection, why are ethical aspects neglected? More than that, is there any way to improve ethical deliberation or is this neglect a symptom of the current political-scientific state of the event?
Mudanças à frente? Expectativas para colaboração profissional após a pandemia
Authors: Pinto Gabriel Bicharra Santini , Lima Antonio Alexandre , Alves Daniel Miranda , Catojo Albert Rodrigues de Souza , Garcia Ana Cristina Bicharra
Published: May 2022

A pandemia do coronavirus trouxe mudanças significativas com a transição para o home office. Esta pesquisa procura entender como o home office compulsório afetou as expectativas para colaboração profissional após a pandemia. Os resultados e a análise trabalham 29 entrevistas em profundidade com os profissionais em home office. Os resultados analisados sob a perspectiva da Teoria da Mudança Organizacional demonstraram que o suporte organizacional e a aceitação do grupo foram fundamentais para mudança. Além disso, daqui para frente, a flexibilidade foi indicada como parâmetro principal a ser incorporado em sistemas de colaboração profissional.
Meinungsdynamik und -manipulation durch Social Bots
Authors: Schneider Adrian
Published: May 2022

How do people react to other opinions in online social networks? And how can public opinion be manipulated online with the help of social bots? These questions are of outstanding relevance due to the extensive shift of the public sphere into digital spaces caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on empirical findings from psychological and political science studies and network research, an agent-based model is developed to provide possible answers. In doing so, it is shown that the very factors that enable majority consensus can also facilitate the manipulation of the digital public.
Regional Water and Land Use Planning: Systematic Planning Support
Authors: Stolpe Harro , Ngoc Ha Nguyen , Jolk Christian
Published: May 2022

Sustainable water and land use planning is an important component of regional planning. Regional planning, as a multi-sectoral concept, serves as a framework for sub-regional and local planning. Water and land use planning needs as comprehensive a system understanding as possible, of water and land uses. This forms the basis for managing water resources quantity and quality, in coordination with the existing land use. The developed systematic GIS-based planning approaches, for a sustainable water allocation and water quality conservation, as well as the resulting recommendations for actions, supports water management on a regional and local planning level. The developed concepts are illustrated by up-to-date project results of the R&D research projects “ViWaT-Planning” Stolpe et al., in the Mekong Delta in Vietnam and “iWaGSS” Jolk et al., in the Olifants River Basin in South Africa. Both R&D projects are funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) and are coordinated directly with existing water management institutions and their measures in both countries. The focus of this publication will be on the general methodology of planning support, in the fields of water and land use.
Experimental Investigation of Glass Fiber Reinforced Clayey Soil for Its Possible Application as Pavement Subgrade Material
Authors: Kumar Patel Suchit
Published: May 2022

A clayey soil reinforced with commercially obtainable20 mm glass fiber of varying fiber content (fc = 0.25 to 1% by soil dry weight) was investigated in lab for its possible application as road pavement material. Standard proctor compaction, unconfined compression strength (UCS), California Bearing Ratio (CBR) and undrained triaxial compression tests were conduction on compacted soil-fiber specimens as per ASTM standard. From the fiber mixing process it has been observed that fiber can be uniformly mixed into clayey soil only up to some optimum fiber content. Laboratory test results predicted that UCS, CBR and shear strength value of clayey soil enhanced significantly with fiber content up to some optimum value of 0.75% fiber content. The UCS increases maximum up to two fold, CBR by 2.8 times and shear strength by around 1.75 times than that of clayey soil alone. The inclusion of glass fibers enhances the ductility of clayey soil and modifies its failure pattern from brittle to ductile. It has been found that the glass fiber reinforced clayey soil can be used significantly as a subgrade material for low volume flexible road pavement.
Digital Transformation in the Construction Sector: From BIM to Digital Twin
Authors: Daniotti Bruno , Pavan Alberto , Bolognesi Cecilia , Mirarchi Claudio , Signorini Martina
Published: May 2022

In the next years, perhaps more than ever before, a technological revolution will transform the construction sector in all its aspects, greatly affecting services, production, and supplies. With BIM, and even more considering the Digital Twin topic, the innovation of tools has entailed a methodological innovation for the whole sector, owing to virtual reality simulations and actual dynamic real-time monitoring. This research, starting from an integrated analysis between the current research trends and some relevant national and European projects about the digitalization of construction sector, aims at providing a systematic analysis of some of the pillars that are guiding this phenomenon. In detail, the state of the art, activities, and trends of standardization and platform development in construction sector are considered and intersected to provide a clear background towards the future trends in the sector.
Atrial Cardiopathy and Cryptogenic Stroke
Authors: López Armaretti Marianela , Romina Balian Natalia , Cristina Zurrú María
Published: May 2022

Cryptogenic stroke (CS) is defined as the presence of cerebral infarcts, the cause which has not been identified despite an appropriate diagnostic evaluation, and it accounts for approximately 30–40% of all ischemic strokes. There is a certain subgroup of CS with embolic characteristics on neuroimaging studies and no evidence of atrial fibrillation alternative or any alternative cause. Recent data suggest that disorders of the atrium, even without atrial fibrillation, could increase thromboembolic risk. The pathological atrial substrate, or atrial cardiopathy (AC), may be an important and underrecognized cause of cryptogenic strokes. This chapter will review the information on the rationale and data behind the concept of atrial cardiopathy, its pathophysiology, proposed biomarkers of atrial cardiopathy, and therapeutic implications.
Use of Nonviolent Communication: Deepening Teacher–Student Interpersonal Relationships
Authors: Jatin Shah Gomathi
Published: May 2022

Human beings are social animals and communication between humans is an inevitable component of human life. In a formal school setup, the routine interpersonal interactions in classrooms form the building block of the teacher-student relationships. Strong healthy interpersonal relationships between students and teachers necessitate skills that revolve around the ability of both to create a positive educational setting encompassing conditions of empathy, warmth, mutual respect, amongst others. Teachers in the capacity of being far more experienced than students will need to exercise their agency with an exclusive set of behavioral actions and act as professionals with a different set of responsibilities in the best interest of their students. Daily talk and actions may reflect a kind of violence that can disrupt relationships creating unhealthy environment. Violence can be manifested in different forms of communication that inhibits autonomy, fails to recognize one’s and others’ needs, among others. Rosenberg emphasizes the importance of nonviolence in everyday life and brings out the essence of a good interpersonal relationship through non-violent communication (NVC). Within this context, the present chapter will explore ways of non-violent communication that can enable teachers to develop and nurture healthy positive interpersonal relationships with students.
Endoscopic Ultrasound Elastography: New Advancement in Pancreatic Diseases
Authors: Silviu Ungureanu Bogdan , Saftoiu Adrian
Published: May 2022

Elastography opened up new frontiers for pancreatic disease, as it may aid in tumor mass differentiation. Ultrasound strain elastography and ultrasound shear-wave elastography have been used so far by transabdominal transducers. New technological advancements have embedded elastography techniques in endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), thus enabling a better evaluation of patients with pancreatic tumors, chronic pancreatitis, autoimmune pancreatitis, gastrointestinal subepithelial lesions, and lymph node involvement. Moreover, EUS-E might help in guiding EUS-Fine Needle Aspiration or EUS-Fine Needle Biopsy when addressing solid pancreatic tumors, for proper tissue harvesting. Furthermore, artificial intelligence methods may bypass the human factor and lead to better diagnostic results.
Impact of Integrated Science and Mathematics Instruction on Middle School Science and Mathematics Achievement
Authors: Aguirre-Muñoz Zenaida , Dang Brian , S. Loria Garro Elias
Published: May 2022

Despite the impetus from professional organizations for science and math integration, evidence in support of such efforts in raising both science and mathematics achievement is scarce, particularly for underrepresented students. The available literature is mixed especially regarding impact on mathematics outcomes. This exploratory study documents the impact of the Middle School Math and Science (MS)2 Integration project based on the results of the internal evaluation of an intensive teacher training model for integrated science and mathematics in middle school. Multivariate analysis of variance shows (MS)2 positively impacted middle school students’ science and mathematics knowledge in this sample of diverse students. Overall, the (MS)2 group outperformed the comparison group. There was also evidence that students who received (MS)2 integrated instruction in science classrooms slightly outperformed those who received (MS)2 integrated instruction in math classrooms. Multiple regression results indicated that (MS)2 group membership and opportunity to learn through integrated instruction were significant predictors of students’ science and mathematics scores. Although students in (MS)2 classrooms were more likely to have higher achievement scores, the frequency of integrated instruction opportunities also significantly predicted student achievement, particularly in mathematics classrooms. Ethnicity and gender were not significant predictors of student scores. Implications are discussed.
Physics of Cohesive Sediment Flocculation and Transport: State-of-the-Art Experimental and Numerical Techniques
Authors: Vowinckel Bernhard , Zhao Kunpeng , Ye Leiping , J. Manning Andrew , Hsu Tian-Jian , Meiburg Eckart , Bai Bofeng
Published: May 2022

Due to climate change, sea level rise and anthropogenic development, coastal communities have been facing increasing threats from flooding, land loss, and deterioration of water quality, to name just a few. Most of these pressing problems are directly or indirectly associated with the transport of cohesive fine-grained sediments that form porous aggregates of particles, called flocs. Through their complex structures, flocs are vehicles for the transport of organic carbon, nutrients, and contaminants. Most coastal/estuarine models neglect the flocculation process, which poses a considerable limitation of their predictive capability. We describe a set of experimental and numerical tools that represent the state-of-the-art and can, if combined properly, yield answers to many of the aforementioned issues. In particular, we cover floc measurement techniques and strategies for grain-resolving simulations that can be used as an accurate and efficient means to generate highly-resolved data under idealized conditions. These data feed into continuum models in terms of population balance equations to describe the temporal evolution of flocs. The combined approach allows for a comprehensive investigation across the scales of individual particles, turbulence and the bottom boundary layer to gain a better understanding of the fundamental dynamics of flocculation and their impact on fine-grained sediment transport.
Transcriptome Analysis Using RNA Sequencing for Finding Genes Related to Fiber in Cotton: A Review
Authors: P. Etukuri Shalini , C. Anche Varsha , S. Ayubov Mirzakamol , T. Walker Lloyd , R. Sripathi Venkateswara
Published: May 2022

The cotton crop is economically important and primarily grown for its fiber. Although the genus Gossypium consists of over 50 species, only four domesticated species produce spinnable fiber. However, the genes determine the molecular phenotype of fiber, and variation in their expression primarily contributes to associated phenotypic changes. Transcriptome analyses can elucidate the similarity or variation in gene expression (GE) among organisms at a given time or a circumstance. Even though several algorithms are available for analyzing such high-throughput data generated from RNA Sequencing (RNA-Seq), a reliable pipeline that includes a combination of tools such as an aligner for read mapping, an assembler for quantitating full-length transcripts, a differential gene expression (DGE) package for identifying differences in the transcripts across the samples, a gene ontology tool for assigning function, and enrichment and pathway mapping tools for finding interrelationships between genes based on their associated functions are needed. Therefore, this chapter first introduces the cotton crop, fiber phenotype, transcriptome, then discusses the basic RNA-Seq pipeline and later emphasizes various transcriptome analyses studies focused on genes associated with fiber quality and its attributes.
Overview of Noise Control Techniques and Methods
Authors: Elizabeth González Alice
Published: May 2022

Noise control refers to a set of methods, techniques, and technologies that allows obtaining acceptable noise levels in a given place, according to economic and operational considerations. The question of “acceptance” is for what or for whom. Generally, there is no single answer to this question, nor is there a single solution to any given problem, as long as regulatory compliance is achieved. Noise control does not necessarily imply the reduction of noise emissions—it refers to making acceptable sound pressure levels of immission (i.e., the signal reaching the receiver). This chapter aims to present the basis of noise control techniques, both in emission and propagation, to finally achieve the most current protection techniques for the receivers, when there are no more alternatives in the previous steps.
Recent Advances in the Green Synthesis of Lanthanide-Based Organic Compounds for Broad Application Spectrum in Different Sectors: A Review
Authors: Chaturvedi Kamna , Malvi Deeksha , Dhangar Manish , Bajpai Harsh , K. Mohapatra Ranjan , Kumar Srivastava Avanish , Verma Sarika
Published: May 2022

The present review highlights the various green method of synthesis and discrete applications of inner transition compounds. Green chemistry’s strategies are developing, producing, and using effective, reliable, and eco-friendly chemical products and processes to manage pollution. In this review, the greener or environmentally sound route for synthesizing lanthanide compounds is discussed briefly. The initial section briefs the fundamental principles of greener chemistry. It further emphasizes in-depth studies of synthesis of the different lanthanide-based complexes and their applications in different dimensions. It includes Green Synthesis of (a) lanthanide-doped nanophosphors, (b) rare-earth zirconates, (c) metal oxide nanoparticles, (d) rare-earth ions-doped nanocrystals-based photoluminescent materials, (e) self-assembled nanospherical dysprosium MOFs, and (f) nucleotide-based lanthanide coordination polymers. The last section dedicatedly reports the scope for the future perspective and recommendation in the novel area of research.
New Industrial Sustainable Growth: 3D and 4D Printing
Authors: Salonika Aggarwal , Marko Hakovirta
Published: May 2022

The commercial or industrial applications of 3D printing or additive manufacturing are continuously increasing in diverse areas mainly in rapid prototyping. 3D printing has become part of a novel industrial growth area where simplification of assembly, waste minimization, and mass customization are important, such as aerospace, orthopedic and medical research, defense, and jewelry. There has been continuous growth or improvement in additive manufacturing, which includes the type of materials used, metamaterials, and advancements in the printers or the software. 3D printing has explored the areas where materials have been manufactured which are several times lightweight, high strength compared to traditional parts, and also resulted in a reduction in CO2 emissions. Biodegradability and sustainability are the major concern for any industry. The price of conventional thermoplastic filaments is one of the main sources of revenue and profitability for the industry. In addition to its relatively high price, some of the concerns in its wide use are the moisture resistance and VOC emissions, including iso-butanol and methyl-methacrylate (MMA) during 3D printing. These emissions cause voids in the structure which compromises the mechanical strength of the 3D-printed objects. Additives have been added with thermoplastics, such as diatoms and biodegradable materials, such as ceramics, biomaterials, graphene, carbon fibers, binders for metals, sand, and plaster to reduce the cost and VOC emissions. The cost of these additives is relatively less than the thermoplastic filaments. There has been tremendous innovative growth in the field of additive manufacturing, including solutions such as 3D-printed houses and titanium drones. The addition of additives opens the new potential applications in new arising technology, especially in robotics like behavior, mechanisms respond to user demands which are known as 4D printing where new dimension has been added to 3D printing. It is a process where a 3D-printed object transforms itself into another structure over the influence of external energy input, such as temperature, light, or other environmental stimuli. 4D printing is simply referred to as 3D printing transforming over time. 4D printing is an all-new emerging area in the field of additive manufacturing which has diverse applications in biomedical, defense, robotics, etc.
Cortical Plasticity under Ketamine: From Synapse to Map
Authors: Afef Ouelhazi , Lussiez Rudy , Stephane Molotchnikoff
Published: May 2022

Sensory systems need to process signals in a highly dynamic way to efficiently respond to variations in the animal’s environment. For instance, several studies showed that the visual system is subject to neuroplasticity since the neurons’ firing changes according to stimulus properties. This dynamic information processing might be supported by a network reorganization. Since antidepressants influence neurotransmission, they can be used to explore synaptic plasticity sustaining cortical map reorganization. To this goal, we investigated in the primary visual cortex (V1 of mouse and cat), the impact of ketamine on neuroplasticity through changes in neuronal orientation selectivity and the functional connectivity between V1 cells, using cross correlation analyses. We found that ketamine affects cortical orientation selectivity and alters the functional connectivity within an assembly. These data clearly highlight the role of the antidepressant drugs in inducing or modeling short-term plasticity in V1 which suggests that cortical processing is optimized and adapted to the properties of the stimulus.