bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In the Light: On Meta-Experience and Spiraling Effects in Psychotherapy—Commentary on Louis Sass’s Commentary on Diana Fosha’s Commentary on Nicole Vigoda Gonzalez’s Case of "Rosa"
Authors: Fosha Diana
Published: March 2019

In the previous issue of this journal, I commented (Fosha, 2018) on the psychotherapy case study of "Rosa," written by Nicole Vigoda Gonzalez (2018). To address Rosa’s relational trauma and major depression, Vigoda Gonzalez effectively put into clinical action the psychotherapy model I developed, called Accelerated Experiential Dynamic Psychotherapy (AEDP). In my commentary, I discussed how AEDP’s four-state transformational phenomenology can be used to guide the therapist’s choice of interventions. I also showed how the moment-to-moment tracking of the vitality affects accompanying affective experiences is crucial to (a) the processing of core emotions to a healing conclusion, and (b) the metatherapeutic processing (or metaprocessing for short) of this healing—two core concepts in AEDP. In the current issue of the journal, Louis Sass (2019), an internationally recognized expert on phenomenology and psychopathology, has commented on my commentary, endorsing the importance of a phenomenological perspective in psychotherapy. He also raised some concerns about the use and usefulness of metaprocessing for some types of clients, especially those with the distancing defenses of derealization and depersonalization. In this article I respond to Sass’s important and very thoughtful points.
Kieślowski Revisited (& Re-watched)
Authors: Jazdon Mikołaj , Pławuszewski Piotr
Published: March 2019

Mikołaj Jazdon, Piotr Pławuszewski, Kieślowski Revisited (& Re-watched). “Images” vol. XXIV, no. 33, Poznań 2018. Adam Mickiewicz University Press. Pp. 5–8. ISSN 1731-450X. DOI 10.14746/i.2018.33.01.
“The way up is the way down”: Curzio Malaparte’s “Il Cristo Proibito” and Krzysztof Kieślowski’s “Three Colours: Red”
Authors: Coates Paul
Published: March 2019

The statement ‘the way up is the way down’ may imply that the spiritual way to perfection lies through humility. It may however also apply to the physical world that is the source of such spiritual metaphors, and within which the actions play out of fictional characters who themselves serve as metaphors for real ones. I will argue that both meanings apply to both of these films, with a comparison between the two films enabling one to employ Malaparte’s explicit prohibition of a Christ-like position to make apparent a similar prohibition that is only implicit in Kieślowski’s film. Such physical movements provide an appropriate topography for the concern with judgment, knowledge, revenge, isolation and humiliation embodied in the male protagonists of the two films. In each case, the protagonists’ eventual divestment from programmes of judgment and revenge may be related to the prohibition Malaparte formulates explicitly: that upon human re-enactment of the Christ-like position that is the one of judgment. Here a destructive and self-destructive movement downwards, in the sense of dehumanization and extreme isolation, is countered eventually by a downward one that, in fact, leads upwards through an embrace of the humiliation of inaction. The paper examines various ways in which the object of both texts is to rediscover a ‘we’ that is rather one of solidarity than complicity.
The Party in Krzysztof Kieślowski’s Films
Authors: Zwierzchowski Piotr
Published: March 2019

Probably no other Polish filmmaker has devoted as much attention to the Polish United Workers’ Party (PZPR) as Krzysztof Kieślowski did in his films. Early on, he perceived the party as an organization where one could meet people with different desires, motivations and modus operandi. Kieślowski’s perspective could be defined as such: do not judge the whole, focus on individuals. His subsequent films present a change in this perspective. Workers and devoted members of the communist party were in the center of the director’s interest in some of his early films. Later, he focused more and more on individuals, especially those who had to face the party as a structure and hierarchy. Kieślowski’s films made in the early 1980s show party leaders and people in charge who eventually turn out to be losers. Kieślowski perceived various aspects and forms of being a party member, not only as a stepping stone for one’s career. He saw and presented the everyday life of PZPR, relations between the authorities and society, and its members and representatives of the party apparatus. He was quite critical about the party and people in charge, but also tried to see and present the reasons motivating their conduct. Social and political changes in Poland in the early 1980s made this kind of approach increasingly difficult for Kieślowski.
To film an inconceivable reality: the manifesto of the young Kieślowski
Authors: Jazdon Mikołaj
Published: March 2019

In his master’s thesis, Documentary Film and Reality, Krzysztof Kieślowski dealt with a number of problems that turned out to play a vital role in his future film career, and its documentary period in particular. This range of topics includes the concept of ‘the dramaturgy of reality’, one of the methods for factual filmmaking he intended to put into practice, but also such ideas as the relation between film and literature, between documentary film and ethics, and the difference between reportage and documentary filmmaking. These concepts had an influence on his documentary filmmaking andled him to develop other concepts and methods for documentary filmmaking. From the perspective of Kieślowski’s creative oeuvre, the thesis Documentary Film and Reality reads as a manifesto by the young filmmaker.
CZEGO POWINNIŚMY UCZYĆ A CZEGO UCZYMY – ROZWAŻANIA O EDUKACYJNYCH ZŁUDZENIACH
Authors: Zawadzka-Bartnik Elżbieta
Published: March 2019

The aim of this article is to point out significant differences between the planned goals of education and their current implementation as indicat-ed by research in schools (by students and teachers) and in institutions of further education which prepare future teachers for the profession. I refer to the notion of the “hidden curriculum” and its influence on stu-dents and teachers, which are (among others): an instrumental approach to the teaching and learning process, curricular and organizational inad-equacies, and our unconscious attitudes, which are the essential cause of educational illusions. The article ends with suggestions on how to im-prove effectiveness in education.
ZNACZENIE PRAKTYK W ROZWIJANIU KOMPETENCJI NAUCZYCIELSKIEJ – PERSPEKTYWA PRAKTYKANTA I MENTORA
Authors: Siek-Piskozub Teresa , Jankowska Aleksandra
Published: March 2019

Teaching practice is an important stage in prospective foreign language teacher development. It is an opportunity for reflection on the teaching process as well as for (self) evaluation of one’s teaching competence. Trainees approaching their practicum should be prepared by their educa-tional institutions for the challenges they may face in a real school con-text. In the article we report on two studies undertaken to obtain an in-sight into the practicum from the trainee perspective and from the school-based mentor perspective in the hope of identifying areas which require improvement. Descriptions of the design of the two studies and the analyses of their results are preceded by a discussion of the im-portance of reflection on foreign language teacher competence and the place of practicum in the development of competence.
WPŁYW PRAKTYK NAUCZYCIELSKICH NA ROZWÓJ REFLEKSYJNOŚCI STUDENTÓW FILOLOGII ANGIELSKIEJ ORAZ NA ICH DALSZE DECYZJE ZWIĄZANE Z WYBOREM ZAWODU NAUCZYCIELA
Authors: Derenowski Marek
Published: March 2019

Taking part in teaching practice is supposed to help students of Englishphilology make the right decisions concerning their future teaching careers.During their third year of studies they conduct 45 lessons individually.During these teaching hours students have a unique opportunityto put their theoretical knowledge into practice in the classroom anddecide if they really want to become teachers in the future. The studypresents data obtained from a short questionnaire and group interviewsconducted among philology students after their teaching practice.It focuses on the students’ opinions concerning the influence ofteaching practice on the development of reflectivity and on the choiceof future career. Additionally, students were asked about the possiblereasons influencing their decisions about the future.
OCENA POTENCJAŁU PROJEKTU TYPU „KURS INTENSYWNY” JAKO NARZĘDZIA ROZWIJAJĄCEGO KOMPETENCJĘ INTERKULTUROWĄ EUROPEJSKICH NAUCZYCIELI JĘZYKA ANGIELSKIEGO
Authors: Strugielska Ariadna , Strzemeski Krzysztof
Published: March 2019

The intensive programme for the Development of Intercultural Competenceof European Teachers of English (DICETE) aimed at the creationof an innovative module of intercultural teacher training for English asa lingua franca, which is being implemented in four partner universitiesas a part of the regular curriculum. This article presents how the conceptof intercultural competence (IC) was negotiated by the participantsand how it related to the particular stages of the project. Techniquesin the programme for developing IC are described and the addressesto their repository in which they are available are given.
KONCEPCJA UCZENIA SIĘ PRZEZ NAUCZANIE INNYCH (LDL) W KSZTAŁCENIU NAUCZYCIELI JĘZYKA NIEMIECKIEGO
Authors: Białek Magdalena
Published: March 2019

The subject of this article is the concept of learning by teaching used forthe training of teachers of German. Foreign language teacher training iscurrently no doubt one of the most important challenges resulting fromthe educational policies of countries within the European Union. In Poland,the necessity for remedial, preventive or promotional actions withregard to the teaching of foreign languages seems to pertain first of allto the teachers of German (and their training facilities), as the justificationfor German’s presence in the Polish schools is increasingly beingquestioned. Unfortunately, there are numerous examples in schoolpractice which show that the contemporary approach to the teaching ofGerman as a foreign language continues to follow a traditional, transmissionmodel, with great perseverance and consistency.In order to change this situation, it is necessary to find some effectiveeducational solutions for foreign language teacher training. The searchshould focus on those educational tools which will enable teachers-tobeto meet their teaching goals and conduct the teaching process in linewith the current theories of language teaching. One of many such tools,which I have decided to examine more closely, is the concept of learningby teaching (Lernen durch Lehren), initiated by Jean Pol Martin.This paper presents the main assumptions of the concept of LdL and describesa training programme (developed following the LdL approach) carriedout with the students of faculty of German who are future teachers ofGerman. The conclusions drawn seem quite promising for teacher training.
ROZWÓJ ZAWODOWY NAUCZYCIELI JĘZYKÓW OBCYCH SZKÓŁ PAŃSTWOWYCH NIŻSZEGO SZCZEBLA – MOŻLIWOŚCI, ŹRÓDŁA MOTYWACJI I DEMOTY-WACJI
Authors: Jaroszewska Anna
Published: March 2019

The professional development of teachers is associated with increased specialized competence and professional advancement, which usually correlate with a specific level of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. The vagaries of Polish education and its contemporary image are not always conducive to such development and generate situations, or circumstanc-es, which demotivate some teachers, despite the availability of many possibilities for development. This article aims to present a catalogue of options for teacher development. It discusses selected issues relating to the motivation and demotivation of foreign language teachers employed in the general public education system, in particular primary and lower secondary schools, with regard to engaging in professional development.
ROZWÓJ ZAWODOWY NAUCZYCIELI JĘZYKA KASZUBSKIE-GO – DIAGNOZA POTRZEB DOTYCZĄCYCH SZKOLEŃ
Authors: Radzimińska Lucyna , Stanulewicz Danuta
Published: March 2019

The Kashubian language was introduced as a school subject in 1991. In the school year 2013/2014, the number of students attending Kashubi-an classes amounted to 17,145. They were taught the language by ca. 620 teachers in 420 schools: 13,850 in 293 primary schools, 2,688 in 103 junior secondary schools and 607 in 24 senior secondary schools. The aim of this paper is to present the results of a questionnaire investi-gating the training needs of Kashubian teachers. It appears that they would willingly attend courses or workshops in all the areas mentioned in the questionnaire, including, inter alia, language teaching methodolo-gy as well as Kashubian literature, culture and history. It is no surprise that the demand for such courses is so high since the core curricula for all school levels emphasize the importance of teaching Kashubian cul-ture, history and geography alongside the Kashubian language.
JĘZYKI I PAMIĘĆ KULTUROWA. O GLOTTODYDAKTYCZNYM POTENCJALE MIEJSC PAMIĘCI
Authors: Badstübner-Kizik Camilla
Published: March 2019

Looking for motivating concepts to stimulate integrated language andculture-related teaching and learning processes in the foreign languageclassroom, the vibrant concept of Cultural Memory is certainly an issueto pay attention to. It offers a variety of occasions for language and cultureawareness training tightly connected with language learning, reachingfar beyond traditional regional studies. Realms of memory, acting asproducts and markers of a complex cultural memory, can reveal to whatextent (by whom, by which means, to what aims) cultural patterns andmeanings are constructed, how they change or under which circumstancesthey survive long periods of time. Up-to-date foreign languagedidactics can make use of this in aiming at symbolic competence (ClaireKramsch). Understanding culture as an ongoing process of (de-and re-)construction, learners might be enabled to notice and (partly) participatein authentic discourses, going on in different languages. Realms ofmemory, manifesting themselves per definition e.g. as texts, pictures,sounds, buildings, historic or mythic persons, objects, terms or whole culturalconcepts, own a considerable linguistic and cultural potential. Thisclearly points at content and process oriented learning processes involvingthe foreign language as a natural means of exploration.The article discusses criteria which might help to choose realms ofmemory suitable for the foreign language classroom and takes a look attwo genuinely “German-speaking” examples in the field of sport (Córdoba1978) and everyday objects (Schweizermesser). They can illustratethe wide range of didactic possibilities and stimulating methods whicharise from authentic and vivid parts of a widely understood culture.
ZUR FÖRDERUNG DER INDIVIDUELLEN MEHRSPRACHIGKEIT DES FREMDSPRACHENLERNENDEN – AUFGABEN FÜR DIE POLNISCH- UND DIE FREMDSPRACHENLEHRENDEN
Authors: Hinc Jolanta
Published: March 2019

This paper relates to the concept of didactics of multilingualism. Thedidactics of multilingualism is geared towards promoting the languageawareness of pupils and showing that knowing more languages makesthe learning process more efficient. This can be realized by comparinggrammar structures, comparing vocabulary, discussing sociocultural aspectsor taking advantage of the intercomprehension. The aspect of thenegative transfer should be also captured by showing the interferencefields and discussing the interference errors. The didactics of multilingualismshould be understood as a continuous process that begins with theacquisition of the mother tongue and goes further over the acquiring thefirst foreign language and the next foreign language. Following this, thedidactics of multilingualism should involve tasks for teachers of the Polishlanguage and teachers of the first, second and next foreign languages.
BADANIE STRATEGII UCZENIA SIĘ W JĘZYKU DRUGIM I TRZECIM
Authors: Kiermasz Zuzanna
Published: March 2019

Although language learning strategies are a well-researched topic, there are still some aspects which need further investigation and one of these is the application of strategic devices in the second and third language. The following article seeks to compare how learners of two foreign languages use strategies and shows both differences and similarities between the application of strategic devices by presenting the results of a research project in which a questionnaire and an interview were used as the research tools. Strategies were found to be used more often when learning the L2 than during the process of learning the L3. Dissimilarities were observed in the specific types of strategies used, especially in the case of metacognitive strategies, while similarities were noted in the use of affective strategies.
KOMPETENCJA MIĘDZYKULTUROWA – KONCEPCJE I WYZWANIA
Authors: Siek-Piskozub Teresa
Published: March 2019

One of the goals of foreign language education is to prepare learners to the role of intercultural mediators, as indicated in such documents as National Standards for Foreign Language Education or The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages. Research on culture and its relation to language has a long tradition and reveals a complex and also dynamic nature of the concept. Culture has also been present, although to a different extent, in the long practice of foreign language teaching. However, our understanding of cultural competence in a multicultural and multilingual European Union, which sets goals in the area of education in its Member States, has been evolving. In the article we will discuss different concepts of culture proposed by such researchers as Hofstede (1980, 1991), Binnett (1993), Weaver (2001), and Byram (1997), as well as various concepts of approaching culture in the foreign language education context. We will also look at challenges faced by Polish learners and teachers in the foreign language classroom.
WIELOJĘZYCZNOŚĆ I MIĘDZYKULTUROWOŚĆ W POLSKIM KONTEKŚCIE EDUKACYJNYM – REALISTYCZNE CELE CZY MITY EDUKACYJNE?
Authors: Pawlak Mirosław
Published: March 2019

Over the last decade or so, mainly under the influence of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages, it has been assumed, often entirely uncritically, that the key goals of foreign language peda-gogy should be the development of multilingualism and multicultural-ism. Although these goals are barely mentioned in the current core cur-riculum and they do not really find a reflection in coursebooks or every-day teaching practice, the pedagogical recommendations stemming from numerous conference presentations, research studies or methodology textbooks for pre-service and in-service teachers indicate that such a sit-uation should be subject to change because it is not sufficiently reflective of the latest theoretical proposals. A question arises, however, to what extent these goals can in fact be accomplished in our educational context in which additional languages are taught and learned as foreign rather than second, and, despite increasing opportunities in this respect, out-of-school contact with such languages is often still very limited. The pa-per aims to address this question, mainly focusing on the difficulties in-volved in fostering multilingualism and multiculturalism, both with re-spect to the relevant regulations concerning language education in Po-land, everyday realities of foreign language teaching and learning, the limitations of teacher training as well as problems involved in conducting empirical studies.
KURS JĘZYKA OBCEGO W ROTACJI TRANSGRANICZNEJ – OPTYMALNY CZY UTOPIJNY MODEL KSZTAŁCENIA?
Authors: Jaroszewska Anna
Published: March 2019

Appreciating the complexity of glottodidactic system, the viability of ob-jectives as well as the multiplicity of foreign language teaching and learn-ing methods, the author of this paper attempts to form a more precise definition of a relatively new language learning concept which is the lan-guage course based on foreign exchange.
RÓŻNORODNOŚĆ SPOŁECZNO-KULTUROWA SZWECJI W PODRĘCZNIKACH DO NAUKI JĘZYKA SZWEDZKIEGO
Authors: Kowal Iwona
Published: March 2019

The paper discusses specific features of the Swedish sociocultural reality and the way the sociocultural diversity of the country is presented in language textbooks for Swedish language learners. The analysis is longitudinal in nature i.e. it concerns two editions of textbooks published in Sweden between 1996 and 2014. The presentation of Swedish sociocultural diversity is both explicit and implicit in nature, with changes in ethnic diversity, household diversity, and family diversity being the most dynamic ones. However, a number of differences between both textbooks are noticeable: in the older version information is presented mainly in an explicit form while its newer counterpart demonstrates the diversity of Swedish society both explicitly and implicitly.
ZMIERZCH BILINGWIZMU I JEGO SKUTKI
Authors: Widła Halina
Published: March 2019

The purpose of this article is to show different approaches and trends in foreign language teaching in Polish schools over the last two decades. Emphasis will be placed on changing the skills and competencies needed to succeed to transition from the bilingual to the multilingualcitizen. European population is becoming more and more multicultural, with a growing diversity of cultures, races, values, and languages. The article also presents some examples of research with regard to attitudes and stereotypes. It is observable that this phenomenon exerts impact on the effective classroom management. Taking into account the new context of work in foreign language classrooms, the author focuses on strategies and key challenges encountered by teachers such as: differences in motivation or interests, individualization resulting from the biography of a language, cultural baggage, linguistic interference, and implementation of new technologies.
POLITYCZNA POPRAWNOŚĆ DYSKURSU EDUKACYJNEGO: NAUCZYCIEL JĘZYKA OBCEGO W PRZECIWDZIAŁANIU MOWIE NIENAWIŚCI
Authors: Lankiewicz Hadrian , Szczepaniak-Kozak Anna
Published: March 2019

This paper presents an attempt to reconsider the concept of intercultural communication and related competences taking into account the fact that intercultural contacts may be motivated by racism and xenophobia. It is the outgrowth of the RADAR project (Regulating Anti-Discrimination and Anti-Racism) funded by the European Commission1. Here, we aim to apply its findings to the context of developing politically correct pedagogical discourse among prospective foreign language teachers. Ultimately, invoking the notion of critical ecological language awareness (Lankiewicz, 2015) and metalinguistic awareness (Karpińska-Musiał, 2015), we offer to supplement the intercultural component of teacher education with the element of critical linguistics, which may help would-be teachers, in the first place, to be more aware language users as such, not to commit verbal offences, and, in the long-run, to perform the role of transformative intellectuals (Kumaravadivelu, 2012), thus contributing to the quality of life in the globalization era.
KULTURA W PODRĘCZNIKACH DO NAUKI JĘZYKÓW OBCYCH JAKO CZYNNIK WPŁYWAJĄCY NA ROZWÓJ MIĘDZYKULTUROWEJ KOMPETENCJI KOMUNIKACYJNEJ
Authors: Piwowarczyk Anna Jadwiga
Published: March 2019

Enriching the knowledge on culture seems to be a logical consequence of the development of intercultural communication competence. The aim of this article is to evaluate cultural content embedded in selected textbooks used in foreign language courses. The textbooks were analysed by means of a questionnaire based on Hofstede model and CEF guidelines.
Bioactivity of a sol–gel-derived hydroxyapatite coating on titanium implants in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Suwanprateeb Jintamai , Suvannapruk Waraporn , Chokevivat Watchara , Kiertkrittikhoon Siripong , Jaruwangsanti Nara , Tienboon Prakit
Published: March 2019

Background

Hydroxyapatite is widely used as a coating on metallic implants to promote bioactivity. The coating is typically produced using a high temperature, resulting in phase heterogeneity and coating delamination, which may lead to failure of the coating clinically. Development of a simple and low-temperature hydroxyapatite coating technique may improve the bone bonding ability of implants.

Objectives

To investigate responses to hydroxyapatite-coated titanium produced by a newly developed sol–gel by osteoblasts in vitro and bone in vivo.

Methods

Osteoblast proliferation was characterized using a methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay and cell calcification with an Alizarin red S assay, and the results were compared with those of uncoated titanium. Uncoated and coated screws were inserted into the trabecular bone of New Zealand white rabbit legs. These implants were evaluated mechanically and histologically after 7, 12, and 24 weeks.

Results

Hydroxyapatite-coated titanium showed a significantly greater cell proliferation and mineralization than uncoated titanium. Extraction torques for the coated screws increased with time of implantation and were significantly greater than those of uncoated screws. We observed bone fragments attached to the surface of all coated screws after removal, but none on uncoated screws. Hematoxylin and eosin-stained bone showed no active inflammatory responses to implantation at any time examined. Bone surrounding either uncoated or coated screws followed typical remodeling stages, but maturation of bone healing was faster with coated screws.

Conclusions

The sol–gel-derived hydroxyapatite coating showed bioactivity, indicating its potential application as an alternative coating technique to improve the bone bonding ability of implants.
Anzeigenkennzeichnung auf Suchergebnisseiten
Authors: Lewandowski Dirk , Sünkler Sebastian , Hanisch Friederike
Published: March 2019

In diesem Aufsatz stellen wir eine repräsentative Multimethodenstudie (bestehend aus Umfrage, aufgabenbasierter Nutzerstudie und OnlineExperiment) zum Wissen und Verhalten der deutschen Internetnutzer bezüglich der Anzeigen auf Google-Suchergebnisseiten vor. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die überwiegende Mehrzahl der Nutzenden nicht hinreichend in der Lage ist, Werbung von organischen Ergebnissen zu unterscheiden. Die aufgabenbasierte Studie zeigt, dass lediglich 1,3 Prozent der Teilnehmenden alle Anzeigen und organischen Ergebnisse richtig markieren konnten. 9,6 Prozent haben ausschließlich korrekte Markierungen vorgenommen, dabei aber keine Vollständigkeit erreicht. Aus den Ergebnissen der Umfrage geht hervor, dass es viele Unklarheiten gibt über das Geschäftsmodell von Google und die Art und Weise, wie Suchmaschinenwerbung funktioniert. Die Ergebnisse des Online-Experiments zeigen, dass Nutzende, die die Unterscheidung zwischen Anzeigen und organischen Ergebnissen nicht verstehen, etwa doppelt so häufig auf Anzeigen klicken wie diejenigen, die diese Unterscheidung verstehen. Implikationen für die Forschung ergeben sich in den Bereichen Wiederholungsstudien bzw. Monitoring der Anzeigendarstellung, vertiefende Laborstudien, Modelle des Informationsverhaltens, Informationskompetenz und Entwicklung fairer Suchmaschinen.
Das Relevance Assessment Tool
Authors: Lewandowski Dirk , Sünkler Sebastian
Published: March 2019

In diesem Artikel stellen wir eine Software vor, mit der sich Studien zu Such- und Informationssystemen realisieren lassen. Das Relevance Assessment Tool (RAT) soll umfangreiche Untersuchungen mit Daten von kommerziellen Suchmaschinen unterstützen. Die Software ist modular und webbasiert. Es lassen sich damit automatisiert Daten von Suchmaschinen erfassen. Dazu können Studien mit Fragen und Skalen flexibel gestaltet und die Informationsobjekte anhand der Fragen durch Juroren bewertet werden. Durch die Modularität lassen sich die einzelnen Komponenten für eine Vielzahl von Studien nutzen, die sich auf Web-Inhalte beziehen. So kann die Software auch für qualitative Inhaltsanalysen eingesetzt werden oder durch das automatisierte Scraping eine große Datenbasis an Web-Dokumenten liefern, die sich quantitativ in empirischen Studien analysieren lassen.
Ereignisdetektion in Trinkwassernetzen mittels PCA und DPCA
Authors: Kühnert Christian , Bernard Thomas
Published: March 2019

Trinkwasserversorgungsnetze sind komplexe Systeme, welche zurzeit mit einer großen Anzahl von Wasserqualitätssensoren ausgestattet werden. Eine wichtige Aufgabe der Sensoren ist hierbei, die Betreiber des Wassernetzes über mögliche Kontaminationen im Netz zu informieren. Die Analyse der Sensorwerte erfolgt dazu normalerweise manuell über den Betreiber. Datenbasierte Methoden haben sich in der Praxis noch nicht bewährt, da diese unter anderem eine große Anzahl an falsch detektierten Alarmen auslösen, welche beispielsweise aufgrund betrieblicher Änderungen auftreten. In diesem Beitrag wird daher ein Verfahren basierend auf der dynamischen PCA entwickelt, welches die Anzahl an Fehlalarmen reduziert, gleichzeitig aber weiterhin sensitiv bei tatsächlichen Kontaminationen reagiert. Der entwickelte Ansatz wird anhand von Experimenten an einem Laborprozess evaluiert.
Validierung von Softwareprogrammen für die Ermittlung der
Messunsicherheit
Authors: Greif Norbert , Schrepf Heike
Published: March 2019

Die seit Ende der 1990er Jahre entstandenen Softwareprogramme für
die Berechnung von Messunsicherheiten werden, obwohl selten
überprüft oder unabhängig getestet, in vielen Kalibrier-
und Prüflaboratorien eingesetzt. Auch die Physikalisch-Technische
Bundesanstalt (PTB), das nationale Metrologieinstitut Deutschlands,
setzt solche Programme ein, sofern ihre Konformität mit dem GUM
(Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement) nachgewiesen
wurde. Da die PTB sich als oberste nationale Instanz des richtigen und
zuverlässigen Messens in hohem Maße der korrekten Anwendung
des GUM verpflichtet fühlt, wurden Kompetenz und Prüftechnik
für eine unabhängige, systematische und vergleichende
Validierung dieser GUM-Programme aufgebaut. Die Prüfung von
unterschiedlichen Programmen in den letzten Jahren hat gezeigt, dass
diese Programme Mängel aufweisen können, die schwer zu
identifizieren sind, die Berechnungsergebnisse unsystematisch,
unauffällig oder nur sporadisch verfälschen und die bei kurzen
Tests vor dem Kauf nicht ohne weiteres entdeckt werden können. Aus
diesem Ergebnis lässt sich die Empfehlung ableiten, dass eine
systematische Validierung der GUM-Programme vor ihrer Inbetriebnahme
dringend anzuraten ist, falls die Ergebnisse im Rahmen z. B. des
Gesetzlichen Messwesens oder in vergleichbarem rechtlichen Rahmen
verwendet werden sollen.
Improving optical sorting of bulk materials using sophisticated motion models
Authors: Pfaff Florian , Pieper Christoph , Maier Georg , Noack Benjamin , Kruggel-Emden Harald , Gruna Robin , Hanebeck Uwe D. , Wirtz Siegmar , Scherer Viktor , Längle Thomas , Beyerer Jürgen
Published: March 2019

Visual properties are powerful features to reliably classify bulk
materials, thereby allowing to detect defect or low quality particles.
Optical belt sorters are an established technology to sort based on
these properties, but they suffer from delays between the simultaneous
classification and localization step and the subsequent separation
step. Therefore, accurate models to predict the particles' motions
are a necessity to bridge this gap. In this paper, we explicate our
concept to use sophisticated simulations to derive accurate models and
optimize the flow of bulk solids via adjustments of the sorter
design. This allows us to improve overall sorting accuracy and cost
efficiency. Lastly, initial results are presented.
Zur Statistik klassischer Gesamtheiten
Authors: Schlüter Arnulf
Published: March 2019

Es wird zunächst das Phasenvolumen einer Gesamtheit als das von der Energiefläche im Phasenraum eingeschlossene Volumen und die Phasendichte als dessen Ableitung nach der Energie definiert. Auf Grund der Ergodenhypothese kann dann die Phasen-dichte der Gesamtheit als das Faltungsprodukt der Phasendichten der Einzelteilchen gewonnen werden, und diese können wieder, wenn die Energie der Teilchen separierbar ist, als Faltungsprodukte der den Energieanteilen zuzuordnenden "Phasendichten" dar-gestellt werden.

Für bestimmte, besonders wichtige Teilchensorten lassen sich diese Faltungen explizit durchführen. Für diese werden einige Verteilungsprobleme durchgerechnet-, insbesondere wird die exakte Gültigkeit des Äquipartitionstheorems nachgewiesen. Daraus und aus der isotropen Invarianz des Phasenvolumens folgt, daß die thermodynamischen Differentialgleichungen streng erfüllt werden, wenn die Entropie proportional dem Phasenvolumen und die Temperatur proportional zu dessen logarithmischer Ableitung gesetzt werden. Das gilt auch für Gesamtheiten aus beliebig wenigen Teilchen. Der Phasenraum E s sei ein System betrachtet, das den Gesetzen der klassischen Mechanik genügt; dabei stellen wir uns vor, daß dieses System aus vielen
The Power of Language in Indonesia’s Reformation
Authors: Muchariman Randi
Published: March 2019

Indonesia’s Reformation in 1998 is a political change driven by the power of civil society and very much determined by the discourse in hegemonic struggle. One of the most influential intellectual ideas and leadership styles of reformation and civil society is suggested by Nurcholish Madjid.  This article examines the twenty-year problems of Reformation in the view of Gramsci’s theory of hegemony by analyzing Nurcholish Madjid’s ideas. There is an intellectual imperialism which makes the national ideas embedded in the Preamble of the 1945 Constitution unable to be developed to guide the national life due to the irrelevant social sciences. This article uses the approach of discourse analysis on Indonesian Preamble of the 1945 Constitution text. The explanation shows the possibilities and the expectations after twenty years of Reformation in Indonesia.
The Dynamics of Relationship Between Legislative and Executive in Post Reformation Era: A Critical Thinking for Amendment of the 1945 Constitution
Authors: Sunarto Sunarto
Published: March 2019

Amendment of the 1945 Constitution brought significant shifting on the Indonesian government. Before amendment, the government was dominated by the enormous power of President (executive heavy). The amendment strengthens the DPR’s power realizing the checks and balances between DPR and President. The amendment of the 1945 Constitution also brought the purification of presidential system. These two things make the dynamics of relationship between the DPR and the President. In post amendments, the government is characterized by an increasing controlling function of DPR. But the combination of presidential system and the multi-party still brings problem related to government instability. Relationship between the DPR and the President was strongly influenced by the presence of opposition parties, which in the previous was regarded as “a taboo” in Indonesian democracy. On the other hand, the elected president also became a strong magnet to get the support of political parties in DPR. Therefore, certain parties that previously became the government’s opposition crossed and supported government. Thus, the presumption that the elected President would find difficulties in implementing his policies because of the lack of support in the DPR was not proven.
MOBİL BANKACILIKTA ALGILANAN DENEYİMSEL DEĞER VE DAVRANIŞSAL ETKİLERİ: NEVŞEHİR İLİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: ÇOBAN Suzan , DEMİRHAN Mustafa
Published: March 2019

Bu çalışmanın amacı, mobil bankacılıkta tüketicilerin algıladıkları deneyimsel değer boyutlarını tespit etmek ve bu deneyimsel değer boyutlarının mobil bankacılığa yönelik tatmin ve bağlılık üzerinde etkisini belirlemektir.  Bu amaçlarla geliştirilen anket formu, Nevşehir ilinde 390 mobil bankacılığı kullanan tüketicilere uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler, açımlayıcı faktör analizi, doğrusal ve kademeli regresyon analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Faktör analizine göre, algılanan deneyimsel değer boyutları sırasıyla, fonksiyonel, duygusal, kişisel, güvence, düşünsel, sosyal ve duyusal değer olarak saptanmıştır.  Regresyon analizi sonuçlarına göre, deneyimsel değer boyutları tatmin ve bağlılığı etkilemektedir. Bu etkileşimde algılanan fonksiyonel, kişisel ve düşünsel (ekonomik) değer tatminin en önemli açıklayıcıları iken fonksiyonel ve kişisel değer bağlığın açıklayıcıları olarak belirlenmiştir.  Bankacılık sektörünün finansal işlemler ile ilgili olması ve algılana risk nedenleri ile bu sonuçlar beklenen bir durumu yansıtmaktadır. Sonuç olarak mobil bankacılık sisteminde müşterileri, öncelikle fonksiyonel kişisel ve düşünsel (ekonomik) yönden tatmin etmek gerekmektedir.
MOMENTUM FAKTÖRÜ, PARA POLİTİKASI KARARLARI VE BÜYÜK FİYAT DEĞİŞİMLERİNE DAYALI YATIRIM STRATEJİLERİNİN PERFORMANSLARININ KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI: GEZİ VE REKREASYON SEKTÖRÜ UYGULAMASI
Authors: SEVİL Tuba , POLAT Alp
Published: March 2019

Gezi ve rekreasyon sektörü finans alanında karakteristik özellikleri nedeniyle özel olarak incelenmektedir. Gezi ve rekreasyon sektöründe pay senedi yatırımları belirli risk düzeyinde en yüksek getiri sağlandığında gerçekleşmektedir. Pay senetlerine olan yatırımlar ile birlikte sektörün ekonomik büyümesinde ve istihdam miktarında artış yaşanmaktadır. Araştırmanın amacı, Türkiye'de gezi ve rekreasyon sektörü üzerinde yatırımlarda uygulanabilecek farklı portföy değiştirme stratejilerinin performanslarını karşılaştırmaktır. Çalışmada momentum, para politikası değişimleri ve büyük fiyat değişimleri sinyallerini esas alan portföy değiştirme stratejileri incelenmiştir. Treynor, Sharpe ve Jensen ölçütlerine dayanan karşılaştırmalar gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular izlenecek portföy değiştirme stratejilerinin klasik satın al ve elde tut yatırımlarına göre daha başarılı olabileceğini göstermektedir. Riske dayalı performans ölçütleri, getiri ve portföy değeri açısından karşılaştırma yapıldığında büyük fiyat değişimlerine bağlı olarak oluşturulan strateji en başarılı performansı göstermektedir.
SAĞLIK YÖNETİMİ BÖLÜMÜ ÖĞRENCİLERİNDE AKADEMİK ÖZ-YETERLİK ARAŞTIRMASI
Authors: YORULMAZ Mehmet
Published: March 2019

Amaç: Bu araştırma sağlık yönetimi bölümü öğrencilerinin akademik öz-yeterlik düzeylerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.

Yöntem: Araştırmada “Akademik Öz-yeterlik Ölçeği” ve “Kişisel Bilgi Formu” kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini Selçuk Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Sağlık Yönetimi öğrencileri (n=600) oluşturmaktadır. Evrendeki tüm öğrencilere anket elektronik ortamda gönderilmiş ve 237 anket geri dönüşü olmuştur. Araştırmada veriler SPSS 22.0 programı ile analiz edildi. Normallik testi sonucunda analizlerde parametrik olmayan test tekniklerinden faydalanıldı. Buna göre ikili karşılaştırmalarda Mann-Whitney U, ikiden fazla grup karşılaştırmalarında Kruskal-Wallis H testi kullanıldı. Ayrıca hem genel hem de boyutlar arasında korelasyon ile basit doğrusal ve çoklu regresyon analizleri yapıldı. Ölçeğin Cronbach’salpha değeri 0,953 olarak çok güvenilir bulunmuştur.

Bulgular: Bu araştırmada öğrencilerin akademik öz yeterlilik düzeyleri ile öğretim türü, cinsiyet, yaş, sınıf, ekonomik durum gibi değişkenler açısından analiz edilmiştir. Katılımcıların yaklaşık %70’ini bayan öğrenciler oluşturmaktadır. İkinci sınıf öğrencilerin katılım düzeyi diğer sınıflara göre daha yüksektir. İlköğretim mezunu annelerin oranı ilköğretim mezunu babaların oranından daha yüksektir. Lisans mezunu babaların oranı annelerin oranından çok daha yüksektir. Katılımcıların ¼’ünün hane halkı geliri 3600 TL’nin üzerindedir. Akademik öz-yeterlik ve alt boyutları, sınıf düzeyine göre farklılık gösterirken cinsiyete ve ebeveyn eğitim durumuna göre farklılık göstermemektedir. Akademik öz-yeterlik ve alt boyutları öğrencilerin sınıf düzeylerine göre anlamlı bir farklılık gösterirken ebeveyn (baba) eğitim durumuna göre farklılık göstermemektedir. Akademik öz-yeterlik ve alt boyutları, öğrencilerin sınıfları ve aylık ortalama gelir durumuna göre farklılık göstermektedir.

Sonuç: Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgular neticesinde akademik çaba ve akademik planlamanın, akademik sorunlarla başa çıkmayı etkilediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Burden-sharing for global cooperation on safety and security
Authors: Bogers Marion , Beeres Robert , Bollen Myriame
Published: March 2019

Across the world, the perceived common ground regarding global safety and security is changing. Facing divergent threats, in addition to their cooperation on defense states will increasingly need to collaborate on additional dimensions to protect their citizens. Hence, next to the military burden-sharing debate, questions as to whether states are contributing their fair shares in other arenas as well will be subject to debate also. This article analyzes national contributions by 28 NATO states to five dimensions connected to today’s safety and security situation, namely military expenditures, foreign aid, combating terror financing, carbon dioxide reductions, and refugee protection. We find that states vary in their contributions to safety and security, each preferring to fund some dimensions more than others. We suggest that acknowledging and allowing for a certain degree of complementarity among states could help transform the debate on burden-sharing, which is cost-focused, to include benefit-sharing behavior. Thus, it may become possible to value every country’s contributions and, building on national strengths, to further cooperation for safety and security along all necessary dimensions.
Participation in the international coalition against Daesh and the rise of foreign fighters
Authors: Du Bois Cind , Buts Caroline
Published: March 2019

The flow of foreign fighters leaving for Iraq and the Syrian Arab Republic has slowed, but they often still pose a serious threat, either by encouraging others toward violence or by directly assisting themselves in a terrorist attack after their return. This article studies the effect of a country’s active involvement in a conflict zone on the flow of foreign fighters. Specifically, we test whether a nation’s participation in the international coalition against Daesh influences its number of foreign fighters. Despite the small sample size resulting from limited official data on foreign fighters, we report several interesting insights for cautious interpretation and only regarding the countries included. Findings from a negative binomial model suggest that a country’s active international role against Daesh also increases the foreign fighters coming from that country. Hence, it is important to keep in mind that the cost of a military intervention can be higher than the cost of the operation itself. Policymakers should also account for the cost of the increased number of foreign fighters and the resulting threat.
Effect of climate changes on the soil freezing depth in the Volga River basin
Authors: Kalyuzhny I. L. , Lavrov S. A.
Published: March 2019

It is established that the climate warming leads to decrease in depth of soil freezing in the whole area basin of the River Volga. This effect is observed since 1978. Depths of soil freezing averaged over the whole basin decreased relative to values measured during the period of stable climate conditions by 34 cm, i.e. from 92 up to 58 cm, or by 37%. In the Northern part of the basin, the depths have decreased by 49%, in the Western, Eastern, and Southern areas – 39, 24 and 38%, respectively. The spatial variability of the depths is estimated by the example of the river Vyatka, the large tributary of the Volga with area of 124 000 km2 and the site «Log Usadjevsky» with area of 2.0 km2 (a part of experimental polygon of the Valdai waterbalance station). It is shown that the coefficient of variation of the freezing depth decreases when the depth increases. When the depth becomes smaller 60 cm plots of thawed soil appear that significantly increases the infiltration ability of the basin. The technique of estimating the soil freezing depth under change of climate characteristics is proposed.
Annotated bibliography of the Russian literature on glaciology for 2014
Authors: Kotlyakov V. M. , Chernova L. P.
Published: March 2019

The proposed annual bibliography continues annotated lists of the Russian-language literature on glaciology that were regularly published in the past. It includes 271 references grouped into the following ten sections: 1) general issues of glaciology; 2) physics and chemistry of ice; 3) atmospheric ice; 4) snow cover; 5) avalanches and glacial mudflows; 6) sea ice; 7) river and lake ice; 8) icings and ground ice; 9) the glaciers and ice caps; 10) palaeoglaciology. In addition to the works of the current year, some works of earlier years are added, that, for various reasons, were not included in previous bibliographies.
Public Policies to Reduce Sugary Drink Consumption in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Muth Natalie D. , Dietz William H. , Magge Sheela N. , Johnson Rachel K. ,   AMERICAN ACADEMY OF PEDIATRICS,   SECTION ON OBESITY,   COMMITTEE ON NUTRITION,   AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION, Bolling Christopher F. , Armstrong Sarah C. , Haemer Matthew Allen , Rausch John Conrad , Rogers Victoria Weeks , Abrams Steven A. , Kim Jae Hong , Schwarzenberg Sarah Jane , Fuchs George Joseph , Lindsey C. Wesley , Rome Ellen S.
Published: March 2019

Excess consumption of added sugars, especially from sugary drinks, poses a grave health threat to children and adolescents, disproportionately affecting children of minority and low-income communities. Public policies, such as those detailed in this statement, are needed to decrease child and adolescent consumption of added sugars and improve health.
Orális antikoagulánssal már kezelt pitvarfibrilláló betegek egyéves terápiahűsége
Authors: Simonyi Gábor , Ferenci Tamás , Finta Ervin , Gasparics Roland , Medvegy Mihály
Published: March 2019

Abstract:

Introduction: In the treatment of non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF) with oral anticoagulants (OAC), medical adherence is a relevant factor for stroke prevention. Aim: To evaluate the one-year persistence of vitamin K antagonists (VKA) and direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) in patients suffering from AF and already treated with OACs. Method: Information from the National Health Insurance Fund of Hungary prescriptions database on pharmacy claims between June 1, 2015 and December 31, 2015 was analysed. Authors identified patients who filled prescriptions for OACs (VKAs or DOACs) prescribed for AF who have already received OACs therapy during one year before. Apparatus of survival analysis was used, where ‘survival’ was the time to abandon the medication. Results: 196 016 patients met the inclusion criteria. 181 810 patients received VKA and 14 206 patients were treated with DOACs. The one-year persistence rate in patients taking VKA was 52.9% whereas it was 66.8% in those on the DOACs. The persistence rates after 360 days were 67.5% for rivaroxaban, 63.6% for apixaban and 63.4% for dabigatran. The mean duration of persistence was 311 days for rivaroxaban, 308 days for apixaban and 284 days for dabigatran. The actual rate of discontinuation was 14% (HR = 1.14 [95% CI 1.05–1.24]), p = 0.0015) for apixaban, 15% (HR = 1.15 [95% CI 1.08–1.23], p = 0.003) for dabigatran and 62% (HR = 1.62 [95% CI 1.56–1.69], p<0.0001) for VKA compared to rivaroxaban (reference). Conclusions: The authors have confirmed that the one-year persistence of DOAKs was significantly higher compared to KVA therapy in AF. The one-year persistence of rivaroxaban was more favoured than apixaban and dabigatran. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(13): 509–515.