bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL ARCHITECTURE IN THE FORMER KETSKAYA VOLOST
Authors: Sitnikova E. V.
Published: May 2020

The article considers the historical and cultural heritage of villages of the former Ketskaya volost, which is currently a part of the Tomsk region. The formation of Ketsky prison and the architecture of large settlements of the former Ketskaya volost are studied. Little is known about the historical and cultural heritage of villages of the Tomsk region and the problems of preserving historical settlements of the country.

The aim of this work is to study the formation and development of the village architecture of the former Ketskaya volost, currently included in the Tomsk region.

The following scientific methods are used: a critical analysis of the literature, comparative architectural analysis and systems analysis of information, creative synthesis of the findings. The obtained results can be used in preparation of lectures, reports and communication on the history of the Siberian architecture.

The scientific novelty is a study of the historical and cultural heritage of large settlements of the former Ketskaya volost, which has not been studied and published before. The methodological and theoretical basis of the study is theoretical works of historians and architects regarding the issue under study as well as the previous  author’s work in the field.

It is found that the historical and cultural heritage of the villages of the former Ketskaya volost has a rich history. Old historical buildings, including religious ones are preserved in villages of Togur and Novoilinka. The urban planning of the villages reflects the design and construction principles of the 18th century. The rich natural environment gives this area a special touch.
Analyzing the role of adjuvant or salvage radiotherapy for spinal myxopapillary ependymomas
Authors: Kotecha Rupesh , Tom Martin C. , Naik Mihir , Angelov Lilyana , Benzel Edward C. , Reddy Chandana A. , Prayson Richard A. , Kalfas Iain , Schlenk Richard , Krishnaney Ajit , Steinmetz Michael P. , Bingaman William , Suh John H. , Chao Samuel T.
Published: May 2020

OBJECTIVE

The authors sought to describe the long-term recurrence patterns, prognostic factors, and effect of adjuvant or salvage radiotherapy (RT) on treatment outcomes for patients with spinal myxopapillary ependymoma (MPE).

METHODS

The authors reviewed a tertiary institution IRB-approved database and collected data regarding patient, tumor, and treatment characteristics for all patients treated consecutively from 1974 to 2015 for histologically confirmed spinal MPE. Key outcomes included relapse-free survival (RFS), postrecurrence RFS, failure patterns, and influence of timing of RT on recurrence patterns. Cox proportional hazards regression and Kaplan-Meier analyses were utilized.

RESULTS

Of the 59 patients included in the study, the median age at initial surgery was 34 years (range 12–74 years), 30 patients (51%) were female, and the most common presenting symptom was pain (n = 52, 88%). Extent of resection at diagnosis was gross-total resection (GTR) in 39 patients (66%), subtotal resection (STR) in 15 (25%), and unknown in 5 patients (9%). After surgery, 10 patients (17%) underwent adjuvant RT (5/39 GTR [13%] and 5/15 STR [33%] patients). Median follow-up was 6.2 years (range 0.1–35.3 years). Overall, 20 patients (34%) experienced recurrence (local, n = 15; distant, n = 5). The median RFS was 11.2 years (95% CI 77 to not reached), and the 5- and 10-year RFS rates were 72.3% (95% CI 59.4–86.3) and 54.0% (95% CI, 36.4–71.6), respectively.

STR was associated with a higher risk of recurrence (HR 6.45, 95% CI 2.15–19.23, p < 0.001) than GTR, and the median RFS after GTR was 17.2 years versus 5.5 years after STR. Adjuvant RT was not associated with improved RFS, regardless of whether it was delivered after GTR or STR. Of the 20 patients with recurrence, 12 (60%) underwent salvage treatment with surgery alone (GTR, n = 6), 4 (20%) with RT alone, and 4 (20%) with surgery and RT. Compared to salvage surgery alone, salvage RT, with or without surgery, was associated with a significantly longer postrecurrence RFS (median 9.5 years vs 1.6 years; log-rank, p = 0.006).

CONCLUSIONS

At initial diagnosis of spinal MPE, GTR is key to long-term RFS, with no benefit to immediate adjuvant RT observed in this series. RT at the time of recurrence, however, is associated with a significantly longer time to second disease recurrence. Surveillance imaging of the entire neuraxis remains crucial, as distant failure is not uncommon in this patient population.
Święty Benedykt w wypowiedziach Jana Pawła II
Authors: Czyżewski Bogdan
Published: May 2020

En proclamant Saint Benoit, patron de l’Europe en 1964, Paul VI rappelait l’enseignement du Pere des moines, par la force de son exemple et l’actualite de sa feconde devise: Prie et travaille. Le papę Jean-Paul II, qui a beaucoup ecrit sur Saint Benoit (La Lettre Apostolique Sanctorum Altrix; les discours et les homélies), nous rappelle ses titres: messager de paix, artisan d’union, maitre de la civilisation et avant tout, héros de la religion du Christ et fondateur de la vie monastique en Occident. Dans l’enseignement de Jean-Paul II, saint Benoit a fait lever sur notre continent ,,l’aurore d’une ere nouvelle”. II a merite aussi d’etre reconnu par Paul VI et Jean-Paul II, „patron principal de toute l’Europe. II convient de rappeler que l’Abbé Benoit enseigna aux hommes, la primaute du culte divin avec VOpus Dei, c’est-a-dire la priere liturgique et assidue. C’est ainsi qu’il cimenta cette unitę spirituelle de l’Europe, grace a laquelle les peuples de langues, de races et de cultures diverses prirent conscience de constituer l’insigne peuple de Dieu.
Jan Paweł II wobec badaczy antyku chrześcijańskiego
Authors: Dawidowski Wiesław
Published: May 2020

Anyone undertaking a task to describe an attitude of John Paul II towards scholars of antiquity faces two problems: the innumerable mass of people he met throughout his life carrier and his personal scholar path which was not primarily patristic. He went from John of the Cross, Thomas Aquinas, Max Scheller towards contemporary phenomenology. Yet, „the Polish Pope” was gradually getting more and more interested in patristic studies. This article is a short study in Wojtyla’s understanding of the work, the method and the tasks of contemporary patrologists. In an allocution to the representatives of the Institute Sources Chretiennes, John Paul II declared that the development of patristic studies stayed in the bottom of his heart, for a credible formation of Christian intelligentsia, must always appeal to the fathers of our faith. Consequently, he considered patristic scholars’ work, as a bridge between life giving sources of theological knowledge i.e. Holy Scripture, Tradition of the Fathers and still unknown bank of the third millennium. Holy Father appraised and highly estimated historical-critical method applied in patristic studies. To understand the meaning of dogmas, the relation between the Holy Scriptures, Tradition and Magisterium, the Church cannot withhold from studies in antiquity. Humility, patience and perseverance are the most distinguished Christian virtues that should characterize scholars of antiquity. To a certain degree, Pope’s esteem towards patristic scholars, was noticeably accentuated by numerous nominations of the most distinguished patristic scholars to the honor of episcopate. The main message that John Paul II implicitly directed towards contemporary scholars of antiquity seemed to concentrate on pastoral dimension and reduced to a one phrase. If there is anything that, in the deformed and chaotic world of contemporary theology and philosophy, could restitute harmony and balance, it is the teaching of the Fathers of the Church.
Przemysław Nehring, Dlaczego dziewictwo jest lepsze niż małżeństwo? Spór o ideał w chrześcijaństwie zachodnim końca IV stulecia w relacji Ambrożego, Hieronima i Augustyna, Toruń 2005, Wydawnictwo UMK, ss. 243.
Authors: Eckmann Augustyn
Published: May 2020

nie dotyczy
Jan Paweł II a 1600. rocznica śmierci św. Ambrożego (List apostolski „Operosam diem”)
Authors: Gładyszewski Ludwik
Published: May 2020

In dieser kurzeń Darstellung sind die wichtigsten Gedanken des Apostolischen Briefes Operosam diem vorgelegt, den der Papst Johannes Paul II zum 1600 Todestag des hl. Ambrosius publiziert hat. Man spricht hier von dem hl. Ambrosius ais Bischof, ais Staatsmann, ais Lehrer in der Theologie und ais Verteidiger der Kirche und ihrer wahren Lehre. Besonders wichtig ist seine theologische Unterweisung, die einen groBen Einfluss in der Geschichte ausgeiibt hat. Von besonderer Bedeutung ist namlich seine literarische Tatigkeit, die die schónen Gedanken in der Dogmatik und Exegese beinhaltet, sie ubermittelt und entwickelt.
Jan Paweł II i archeologia chrześcijańska
Authors: Iwaszkiewicz-Wronikowska Bożena
Published: May 2020

Dai discorsi di Giovanni Paolo II si evince che, come il compito principale dell’archeologia cristiana, egli vedeva la riscoperta delle testimonianze di vita dei primi cristiani, le quali dovevano poi essere usate come esempi validi per i cristiani di oggi.
Strategie tekstowe apologetyki chrześcijańskiej (Tertulian, "Apologetyk" 16)
Authors: Jakielaszek Jarosław
Published: May 2020

The paper examines a group of subjunctive clauses attested in Tertullian’s works, which seem to deviate from the rules of consecutio temporum. Earlier researchers assumed that the unusual pattern follows from brachylogy, otherwise frequent in Tertullian’s writings. It is argued that in fact such clauses obey the rules of the Classical period and there is no need to explain their behavior as resulting from a brachylogical expression.
Utrapienie a prawdziwe ziemskie szczęście w nauczaniu Grzegorza Wielkiego
Authors: Kashchuk Oleksandr
Published: May 2020

The article discusses a question of the interrelation between suffering and real happiness of life on earth according to the teaching of Gregory the Great. The Pope teaches that the experience of suffering is related to the participation in real happiness, which consists in the possession of spiritual goods and joy as a result of such possession. Suffering purifies a person from sins and prevents a person from committing it. In suffering, every just person acquires virtues, solidifies and reveals them, and thus acquires the real happiness in life on earth. Therefore, Gregory the Great contends that just people, who are afflicted with suffering, are really happy people.
Sławomir Bralewski, Obraz papiestwa w historiografii kościelnej wczesnego Bizancjum, Byzantina Lodziensia X, Łódź 2006, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, ss. 334
Authors: Kokoszko Maciej
Published: May 2020

recenzja
Euzebiusz z Cezarei, Życie Konstantyna. Wstęp, tłumaczenie, przypisy T. Wnętrzak, ŹMT 44, Kraków 2007, Wydawnictwo WAM, ss. 259.
Authors: Wróblewski Paweł
Published: May 2020

recenzja
Jacek Sieradzan, Jezus Magus. Pierwotne chrześcijaństwo w kręgu magii, Kraków 2005, Zakład Wydawniczy „Nomos”, ss. 272
Authors: Suski Robert
Published: May 2020

recenzja
Beata Pawłowska, Urbs Sacra. Pielgrzymki i podróże religijne do Rzymu w starożytności chrześcijańskiej (IV- VII wiek), Wydawnictwo WAM, Kraków 2007, ss. 372 + XLVIII
Authors: Rogowski Juliusz
Published: May 2020

recenzja
Sv. Augustin, O krestanskej nauke, preloźila M. Andokova; O milosti a slobodnej vóli, preloźil R. Horka, Bibliotheca Antiqua Christiana - Kresfanska Anticka Biblioteka, Patrimonium zv. 3, Preśov 2004, Vydavatel’stvo Petra, ss. 223
Authors: Pietas Leander Tadeusz
Published: May 2020

recenzja
Jan Paweł II a 1550. rocznica soboru efeskiego
Authors: Napiórkowski Celestyn S.
Published: May 2020

Si potrebbe pensare che sulla teologia dell'Efeso non sia piu possibile dire ąualcosa di nuovo, eppure e possibile. E’ giusto affermare infatti che la Lettera del Santo Padre Giovanni Paolo II all’Episcopato delta Chiesa Cattolica per il 1600 anniversario del Primo Concilio di Costantinopoli I e per il 1550 anniversario del Concilio di Efeso (25 III 1981) offre una visione in ąualche modo rinnovata dell'Efeso riconsiderandolo nell'ottica del Concilio di Costantinopoli e del Vaticano II.1. Nel contesto del Concilio di Costantinopoli: alla tradizionale interpretazione cristologica e mariologica dell'Efeso, Giovanni Paolo II aggiunge l'interpretazione soteriologica (l’Efeso canto „un’inno all'onore dell'opera di salvezza compiuta nel mondo attraverso Pazione dello Spirito Santo”), quella pneumatologica (l’incarnazione si fece per l'azione dello Spirito Santo ) e quella ecumenica (i due Concili appartengono alla stessa eredita della fede ). Egli sottolinea ugualmente la permanenza della fertilita spirituale di quei misteri. II Papa non si esprime sul problema di Nestorio ; non lo accusa di eresia ; il nestorianismo e l’insegnamento sbagliato sulla maternita divina rimangono legati, ma il movimento non ne e ritenuto il principale responsabile. 2. Nel contesto del Vaticano II: rifenrendosi alPinsegnamento del Vaticano II relativo alla presenza della Vergine Maria nel Mistero della Chiesa, Giovanni Paolo II da rilievo alla prospettiva ecclesiologica dell'Efeso: lo Spirito Santo santifica in continuazione la Chiesa, le da la vita, abita nei cuori dei fedeli, conduce la Chiesa alla pienezza della verita, la unifica nelle sue communita e attivita pastorali, la dirige, la decora, la mantiene sempre giovane, la rinnova e la conduce alPunione totale eon il Cristo. Maria Santissima, unita allo Spirito Santo, sta realizzando la sua maternita nella Chiesa.
Przemówienia Benedykta XVI podczas wizyty w Pawii (22 IV 2007)
Authors: XVI Benedykt
Published: May 2020

Przemówienia Benedykta XVI podczas wizyty w Pawii (22 IV 2007)
Katecheza Benedykta XVI od urny z relikwiami św. Augustyna
Authors: Longosz Stanisław
Published: May 2020

Katecheza Benedykta XVI od urny z relikwiami św. Augustyna - wprowadzenie i tekst
Cerebellar hypoplasia in an Azawakh dog: A case report
Authors: POLAT Pelin Fatoş , AKSOY Gürbüz , ALTUNTAŞ Rabia , ÇETİNTAŞ İsmail
Published: May 2020

In this case report, the nine-month-old male Azawakh dog  was observed to ataxia, uncoordinated move­ments, difficulties in walking and standing, intensive head tremors, trouble evacuating and eating. It was determined mild cerebellar hypoplasia at the magnetic resonance imaging. Symptomatic treatment was started with glu­cocorticoids, vitamin B1, B6and diazepam. But these drugs had no effect on symptoms and the dog died after three weeks. It described a macroscopic cerebellar reduction in the necropsy and cerebellum and granular cell hypoplasia in histopathologically. Immunohistochemically, the atrophy of neuronal cells showing positive staining with anti-GFAP antibody and vacuolar degeneration were identified. Based on clinical findings, MR imaging, histopathological and immunochemical findings, cerebellar hypoplasia was diagnosed in the dog and this study is the first case detected in the Azawakh dog.
Prenatal developmental study of the ovaries of the Baladi rabbits (oryctolagus cuniculus)
Authors: MOHAMED Reda
Published: May 2020

This study was carried out
to find out the histological changes of the ovaries of the Baladi rabbits at
different prenatal periods. A hundred Baladi rabbit embryos and fetuses were
used in this study. The pregnant rabbits were euthanized, dissected and,
subsequently, the embryos and fetuses were collected. The samples were fixed
with modified Davidson's fixative and 10% neutral buffered formalin for 24 to
48 hours and then subjected to routine paraffin embedding technique. They
sections were stained by hematoxylin-eosin, Crossman’s trichrome and Gomori's reticulin stains. Stained sections were
examined by light microscope. The study revealed that the ovarian
differentiation with the appearance of its cortex and medulla occurred at the
19th day postconception. The oogonial nests were observed within the
ovarian cortex at the 24th day of fetal rabbit life. The primitive
tunica albuginea ovarii could be recognized at the 28th day
postconception. No primordial follicle occurred
throughout the fetal rabbit life.
Kedide Notoedrik Uyuzun Teşhisinde Temizleyici Bant Uygulaması
Authors: URAL Kerem , PAŞA Serdar , GÜLTEKİN Mehmet , ERDOĞAN Hasan , AYAN Adnan , ERDOĞAN Songül
Published: May 2020

Bu vaka sunumunda bir kedide notoedrik uyuz kesin tanısında burun temizleme bandının kullanımı tanımlandı. Bir buçuk yaşlı kedi baş sallama, kaşıntı ve kulak kanalında kirli akıntı şikayetleri ile kliniğimize getirildi. Kulak kanalından koton svap uygulaması ile örnek alındıktan sonra karşılaştırma amacıyla burun temizleme bandı kulak kanalı iki parmak arasında sıkıştırılarak yapıştırıldı. Her iki tanı tekniğinde de koton svap ile 6 burun bant ile 9 yetişkin akar tespit edilerek notoedrik uyuz tanısı konuldu. Haftada bir kez olmak üzere toplamda 4 kez intraaurikular eprinomektin uygulaması reçete edildi ve 1. hafta eprinomektin uygulamasıyla beraber gerçekleştirilen parazitolojik muayenede canlı akar görülmemesi ve klinik iyileşme başladığı görüldü.
Buku Cerita Bergambar Untuk Pembelajaran Mitigasi Bencana Gunung Meletus Bagi Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Rahiem Maila , Husna Khotimatul
Published: May 2020

Pembelajaran mitigasi bencana harus dimulai sejak dini. Salah satu metodenya adalah dengan menggunakan buku cerita bergambar anak. Pada penelitian ini, peneliti mempelajari bagaimana tampilan dan penyampaian pembelajaran mitigasi bencana gunung meletus pada buku cerita bergambar anak. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Sumber data berasal dari analisis buku dan wawancara mendalam semi-terstruktur dengan 3 guru TK dan 3 orangtua yang memiliki anak usia dini (usia 3-6 tahun). Hasil temuan penelitian ini adalah: 1) tampilan dan cara penyampaian dalam buku belum menarik; 2) bahan yang digunakan mudah rusak; 3) bahasa tidak mudah dipahami oleh anak usia dini; 4) gambar mudah dipahami. Penelitian ini memberi masukan untuk peningkatan kualitas dan efektivitas buku cerita anak untuk pendidikan mitigasi bencana.
Face masks to prevent community transmission of viral respiratory infections: A rapid evidence review using Bayesian analysis
Authors: Perski Olga , Simons David , West Robert , Michie Susan
Published: May 2020

Background: Face masks have been proposed as an important way of reducing transmission of viral respiratory infections, including SARS-CoV-2.

Objective: To assess the likelihood that wearing face masks in community settings reduces transmission of viral respiratory infections.

Methods: We conducted a rapid evidence review and used a Bayesian statistical approach to analysing experimental and observational studies conducted in community-dwelling children and adults that assessed the effectiveness of face mask wearing (vs. no face masks) on self-reported, laboratory-confirmed, or clinically diagnosed viral respiratory infections.

Results: Eleven RCTs and 10 observational studies met the inclusion criteria. The calculation of Bayes factors and cumulative posterior odds from the RCTs showed a moderate likelihood of a small effect of wearing surgical face masks in community settings in reducing self-reported influenza-like illness (ILI) (cumulative posterior odds = 3.61). However, the risk of reporting bias was high and evidence of reduction of clinically- or laboratory-confirmed infection was equivocal (cumulative posterior odds = 1.07 and 1.22, respectively). Observational studies yielded evidence of a negative association between face mask wearing and ILI but with high risk of confounding and reporting bias.

Conclusions: Available evidence from RCTs is equivocal as to whether or not wearing face masks in community settings results in a reduction in clinically- or laboratory-confirmed viral respiratory infections. No relevant studies concerned SARS-CoV-2 or were undertaken in community settings in the UK.
STUDY OF OXIDATION OF TOLUENE TO BENZALDEHYDE BY OXYGEN IN THE AIR USING TRANSITION METAL OXIDE CATALYSTS OVER SOLID LIGANDS
Authors: Tran Vu Thanh , Tran Hoa Thi Viet , Pham Quan Thanh , Bui Ton Duc , Tran Thang Duy , Tong Danh Thanh
Published: May 2020

The oxidation reaction of toluene to benzaldehyde by MoO3 acid-treated bentonite and TiO2 were conducted in gas phase. The experiment result show that the catalyst has significantly improved the reaction yield.
A NEW ALGORITHM USED FOR BRIDGE-DAMAGE-LOCATION DETERMINATION
Authors: Nguyen Dung Sy , Le Tung Thanh , Ngo Nhi Kieu
Published: May 2020

In this paper we present a new algorithm, named VTHH, used for bridge damage-location determination. This method bases on varied potential energy of vibrational bridge. We use a Neuro-Fuzzy inference system to establish the database of the notdamaged bridge, which is used to to find out the varied potential energy. A measurement system is built at HCM University of Technology to measure vibrational amplitudes of the bridge model in order to build experiments evaluating efficiency of the proposed algorithm, and comparing efficiency of this algorithm with efficiency of the energy method published.
OPTIMIZATION OF TRANSESTERIFICATION OF TRA FAT WITH KOH/y Al2O3 CATALYST USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY
Authors: Le Huong Thi Thanh , Le Tan Viet , Phan Tan Minh , Tran Hoa Thi Viet
Published: May 2020

In this study, biodiesel was produced from fat of tra catfish by methanolysis reaction with KOH/y-A12O3 heterogenous catalyst. This research was carried out using response surface methodology (RSM) based on four-variable central composite design (CCD) with a = 1,54671. The transesterification process variables and their investigated ranges were methanol/fat molar ratio (X1: 7/1 - 9/1), catalyst concentration (X2: 5%-7%), reaction time (X3: 60 min - 120 min), and reaction temperature (X4: 55 °C - 65 °C). The result show the biodiesel yield could be reach up to 92,8 % using the following optimized reaction condition: molar ratio of methanol/fat at 8,26/1, catalyst concentration of 5,79 %, reaction time of 96 min, and reaction temperature at 59,6 °C.
USING OF THE ESTERIFICATING FISH FAT AS DIESEL FUEL
Authors: Nguyen Huong Huu , Nguyen Hung Dinh , Nguyen Sy Van
Published: May 2020

Research to use silver fish fat as fuel for engine in order to exploit fuel domestic source, aims to add new fuel for engine and reduce price in fuel import from oversea in fuel field is very important. This performance is not only national security energy but helps to cause the job for workers. The paper introduces the experimental research results on Diesel fuel by mixing of the silver fish fat and Diesel Oil (DO) with good character and promises on using it.
CHANGES IN THE NATIONAL DEFENCE - SECURITY POLICY OF JAPAN UNDER JAPAN-US STRATEGIC SECURITY MECHANISM WITHIN AND AFTER THE COLD WAR
Authors: Nguyen Dung Ngoc
Published: May 2020

National defence - security is an especially important field for a nation in any age of time. In the case of Japan, this national defence - security problem pretty differs from that one in other countries. The paper focuses on studying the national defence – security policy of Japan within and after the Cold War, under Japan - US strategic security mechanism in order to understand the changes in aims , solutions and implementing the national defence – security policy of Japan in conditions of international and regional change.Begun with presenting the national defence - security policy of Japan in Cold War time, the paper pays attention into making clear some essential changes in the national defence – security policy of Japan , that was devided into 2 periods : 1991 -2001, 2001 - todays and rapidly increasing growth of the Self Defence Forces of Japan.
IMPACT OF MANAGERIAL FACTORS ON FIRM PRODUCTIVITY
Authors: Tran Loan Thi Kim , Bui Hung Nguyen
Published: May 2020

This study evaluates the impact of managerial factors on firm productivity and the relationship between them. SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) results indicate that managerial factors (including top management commitment, human resources training, production management, customer orientation and organisational communication) explain 55% the variation in firm productivity. The results demonstrate a statistically significiant positive relationship between top management commitment and human resources training (1835), production management (.714). In adition, there is a significiant correlation between managerial factors. Implications for managers and directions for future research are also discussed.
谈土壤重金属检测技术现状与发展
Authors: 朱 健
Published: May 2020

人类是生活在地球上的生物,所以我们生存发展就都离不开土壤。随着时代的发展和科学技术的不断进步,人民的生活水平也得到了大幅度的提高,人们进行生存活动和科研活动的范围也越来越大。而伴随着这一情况,重金属被越来越多的排放到了土壤之中。这些重金属不但在土壤中“生根发芽”还渗入到了土壤种植里的瓜果蔬菜当中,并且还对粮食等农作物的食品安全产生了威胁,对人民群众的生活质量和身体健康产生了很大的负面影响。针对这一情况,我们必须要对土壤进行重金属监测。本文我们针对土壤重金属的检测技术发展现状进行研究,并且进行一些对未来发展方面的思考。
探析园林绿化苗木栽植及养护技术
Authors: 江 思勇
Published: May 2020

园林绿化具有重要作用,其既可以使平时工作繁忙的人放松身心,同时还能美化城市。并且苗木栽植对园林绿化具有重要影响,所以需要合理运用苗木栽植及养护技术,从而保障园林绿化工作的有效性,基于此,本文阐述了园林绿化中的苗木栽植与养护关系,对园林绿化苗木栽植技术要点及其养护技术要点进行了探讨分析。
生态学设计理念在风景园林中的应用
Authors: 程 静波
Published: May 2020

社会经济的持续增长,促使人们的生活质量、生活品质不断提高,从而更加注重精神层面的满足。园林具有多种功能,包括观赏、休闲、调温、降噪等,不仅是人们日常休闲、游玩的重要场所,也是改善生态环境、提高空气质量的重要基础设施。
生物监测技术在水环境工程中的应用探析
Authors: 洪 毓 , 胡 建琴
Published: May 2020

随着我国综合发展不断提高,人们的生活水平也有明显的改善,水与我们日常生活息息相关,有着密切的联系。如果水环境受到污染,水质就会发生较大的改变,水中的生物也会受到较大的影响。生物监测技术是指水环境中污染物没有彻底污染时,最快速度检测出水中的有害物质,然后做出相应处理,避免水环境受到污染。本文简述常见的生物检测技术,再对水环境监测中的应用做出有效分析。
环境保护工程中的环境检测分析
Authors: 胡 建琴 , 沈 杰
Published: May 2020

随着人们生活水平的提高,环保意识也逐渐增强,同时也对环境检测工作提出了更高的要求。在环境保护工程建设过程中,环境检测是基础,同时也是为环保工程建设提供了数据基础,这有利于促进环境保护以及污染治理的顺利进行。
土壤环境检测方法标准现状及建议
Authors: 沈 杰 , 胡 建琴
Published: May 2020

关于土壤环境的检测具有两种不同严格程度的标准,另外检测的时候关系到土壤的酸碱含量、有机物和无机物等物质。此外,因为各个部门的检测标准存在一定的差异,在相关部门对土壤的检测过程中对其污染物含量、土壤所在的环境等进行针对性处理。本文就针对土壤环境检测方法标准以及相关建议进行阐述。
蒸发组合技术处理污泥焚烧锅炉烟气脱硫废水
Authors: 陈 庆荣
Published: May 2020

随着社会的发展与污泥焚烧技术的日渐成熟,污泥焚烧逐渐成为了现如今处理污泥的新工艺,与普通燃煤锅炉相比,污泥焚烧锅炉产生的脱硫废水具有无机盐成分复杂而且氯离子含量非常高,废水量也是非常大。为了更好地处理污泥焚烧锅炉产生的脱硫废水,本文引进了多效蒸发技术来处理污泥焚烧锅炉烟气脱硫废水,并取得了良好的效果。
水质环境监测中的微生物检测影响因素分析
Authors: 丁 晨辉
Published: May 2020

水质环境监测在防治水污染、制定水环境标准方面具有重要作用。目前水质环境监测方法主要自动监测,常规监测,应急监测等,其中微生物检测是其重要内容,为了发挥其作用,本文概述了微生物检测技术,简述了水质环境监测中的常用微生物检测技术,对水质环境监测中的微生物检测影响因素及其控制策略进行了探讨分析。
大气污染问题的环境监测与应对策略
Authors: 赵 继康 , 刘 颂
Published: May 2020

目前,我国大气污染仍然非常严重,对生态环境、人民生活质量都造成了严重影响。随着环境保护意识的不断提升,环境监测技术愈发先进,为大气污染治理提供良好的参考。基于此,本文结合理论实践,先分析了大气环境监测的主要内容,接着论述了大气污染问题的环境监测,并提出应对措施,希望对治理大气污染问题有一定参考和借鉴。
环境监测在环境保护中的重要性与具体措施
Authors: 初 殿文 , 刘 明杰
Published: May 2020

本文针对环境监测在环境保护中的重要性与具体措施,结合理论实践,在简要阐述环境监测定义的基础上,分析了环境监测在环境保护中的重要性,并提出具体的措施。分析结果表明,高质量的环境监测,可为环境保护提供必要的数据支持和理论参考,保证环境保护各项工作开展的有效性,提升环境保护质量和效果,值得高度重视。
大气污染的环境监测及治理分析
Authors: 朱 旻杰 , 高 玲燕 , 谭 东栋
Published: May 2020

在城市建设和发展的过程中,环境污染现象日益明显,这直接影响到人们的生产生活。在环境治理工作中,会应用到多种先进的技术措施,而大气环境监测即为常见的措施之一。大气污染监测及治理有效推动了环境保护工作的顺利进行。
金平60年气候变化特征分析
Authors: 万 连梅
Published: May 2020

利用金平县气象站1960—2019年的气温、降水、日照观测资料,采用线趋势分析气候变化特征。结果表明：近60年来气温、降水、日照年际变化呈线性上升趋势,气温、降水、日照上升倾向率分别为0.166℃/10a、11.895mm/10a、42.993h/10a,冬、春季降水呈增加趋势,夏、秋季降水呈减少趋势。
水体中农药残留有机物的检测与去除手段研究进展
Authors: 孙 瑞一
Published: May 2020

水体中的农药残留问题主要是由于农药使用量过大,一些残存农药通过直接或者间接的方式进入水环境所导致的,由于农药的毒性强、稳定性好,非常容易通过水环境富集进入到人体内,对人类的身体健康造成严重的损害。因此对于水体中农药残留的检测分析以及去除手段的研究是非常重要的。本文介绍了水体中农药残留有机物的形成机制及现状,总结了农药残留检测中前处理方法和检测分析技术的发展。对农药残留去除手段的研究进展进行了综述,并且对当前水体中农药残留检测治理领域存在的问题和未来的发展情况做了分析和展望。
污染源普查成果的开发步骤及拓展
Authors: 吴 振东 , 李 爱强 , 陈 小美
Published: May 2020

对于污染源普查来说,其属于一种为环境保护工作提供基础数据的一项工作。通过污染源普查,可以为环保系统中的信息数据库提供大量数据,不仅信息量非常全面,而且也是最具有权威性的信息系统。完成普查后,对其成果进行合理开发与利用,能够有效的提升有关于环保工作的执行能力、决策能力,换而言之,污染源普查工作的主要目的与意义就是为环境保护工作提供服务。基于此,本文主要对污染源普查成果的开发步骤及拓展进行分析,以供参考。
BRIEF INFORMATION ABOUT CONTACTS BETWEEN MUSLIMS OF DAGESTAN AND THE VOLGA-URAL REGION IN THE XVIII-XX CENTURIES.
Authors: Shikhaliev Shamil Sh.
Published: May 2020

Religious contacts of Muslims of Dagestan and the Volga-Ural region have not been in the focus of any particular research till date. Scarce information from various Tatar theologians, who studied in Dagestan at the end of the 17th – 18th centuries, have already been mentioned by Tatar researchers. However, numerous Arabographic sources in Arabic and Tatar show close contacts of the Muslim elite of these two regions, starting from the Middle Ages. The present article aims to review available sources about the educational and scientific contacts of Dagestanis, Tatars, and Bashkirs. The sources available and analyzed in the article revealed the bilateral nature of these contacts. While at the end of the 17th – 18th centuries a number of Tatar theologians received a proper education in Dagestan and opened madrasahs in the Volga-Ural region according to the Dagestan type, then starting from the second half of the 19th century one can observe a quiet strong influence of ideas that were widespread in the Volga-Ural region on the Dagestan intellectual elite. Moreover, starting from the 20th century, Tatar journals, textbooks and scientific literature began to penetrate widely into Dagestan, as evidenced by their considerable number of manuscripts and old printed books in private collections. Mutual contacts of Muslims of Dagestan and the Volga-Ural region were due to various reasons – traveling in order to receive education, exile, commercial affairs, personal correspondence, etc. The mixing and interpenetration of the educational, scientific traditions of the Muslims of these two regions led to their wider cultural development and closer integration into various institutions of the Russian Empire.
CHRISTIAN BURIAL GROUNDS OF UPLAND DAGESTAN
(BASED ON THE JOINT DAGESTAN-GEORGIAN
ARCHEOLOGICAL EXPEDITION)
Authors: Gambashidze Givi G. , Abiev Askerkhan K.
Published: May 2020

The paper proposes material of the study of medieval burial grounds of upland Dagestan, obtained during the joint Dagestan-Georgian archeological expedition, which was carried out in Central Upland Dagestan, in the territory of the former Sarir, in 1977-1981. As a result of a comprehensive work, in addition to archeological, architectural, ethnographic and epigraphic monuments, the following medieval burial grounds were studied: Tad-raal, Akhalchinsky, Uradinsky, Khunzakhsky. These burial grounds have been identified with burials dating back to the X-XIV centuries, as well as one burial belonging to the XIX century. Identified medieval burials comprise three types of burial structures: 1) burials in ground pits of rectangular elongated shape; 2) burials in rectangular stone boxes; 3) burials in soil pits of elongated rectangular shape with ledges-shoulders and slabs of horizontal overlaps. The Tad-raal burial of XIX century was made in a wood coffin.The article provides a detailed description of the revealed burial complexes, characterizes the construction of their structures, funeral rite, funeral set and dating of burials. Using the method of comparative analysis of structural features of burial structures and equipment, the dating of the functioning of burial grounds is specified. The considered material allows to conclude on active historical ties of mountain Dagestan with medieval Georgia, as well as the spread of Christianity among the local population. At the same time, it is noted that the expressive and peculiar local culture has preserved the features of the previous epoch, which is reflected in the funeral rite and funeral structures.
EPIGRAPHY OF THE XII–XVIII CENTURIES FROM THE AGUL VILLAGE OF RICHA (NEW DATA)
Authors: Zakariyaev Zamir S. , Gasanov Magomedrashid A.
Published: May 2020

In the abundance of epigraphic monuments and their historical and cultural significance, the ancient Aghul village of Richa stands out among other mountain villages and auls of Dagestan. The aim of this paper is to present the results of the study of Arabic inscriptions found in the village of Richa. More than twenty previously unknown inscriptions in various genres of epigraphy – construction, ownership and vital records, epitaphs and religious texts – have been for the first time introduced into modern linguistics. Notable among them are the most ancient monuments of Arabic Kufic writings, paleographically dated the XI-XII centuries, which testifies to the early popularization of Islam in Richa. In addition, the authors propose a new way of reading some of the Richa inscriptions that are already known to science. The presence of Kufic inscriptions on the walls of three mosques in Richa, as well as Naskh inscriptions dated 1242 on the walls of another mosque, suggest that mosques had existed in Richa even before the Mongols came here in 1239. Researchers have revealed the oldest dated epitaph in Richa (1300–01) in which the term alim (scholar) was used for the first time in the epigraphy of Dagestan. New valuable data have been obtained on the history of construction and reconstruction of Muslim places of worship, mausoleums, sanctuaries, and public buildings. Names of many local craftsmen, carvers and calligraphers have become known. The inscriptions contain valuable information on representatives of the medieval religious elites and Sufi figures. The rich social and professional terminology used in the newly identified Richa inscriptions is also of interest: sultan, shaykh, pir, murid, alim, qadi, ustad (usta), qatib, nakir, sahib, gulam, kavha. Translations of the texts are accompanied by scientific comments.
Etnobotani Familia Zingebaraceae (Suku Jahe-Jahean) di Desa Koto Dua Lama Kecamatan Air Hangat Kabupaten Kerinci
Authors: Novinovrita M  , Irawan Bony
Published: May 2020

Zingiberaceae belongs to the Spermatophyta division, Angiospermae sub division, Liliopsida class, Zingiberidae sub class, Zingiberales order. Zingiberaceae is a plant with habitus in the form of perennial herbs that are aromatic. Zingiberaceae is a basic plant from tropical forests which is found in many shady places and valleys, sometimes also found in secondary forests. In Koto Dua Lama village, many species of Zingiberaceae are found, but have not been inventoried or reported scientifically. This study aims to diversify zingiberacaeae species found in the village of Koto Dua Lama. This type of research is qualitative research. In this study exploratory survey methods were used. The techniques used in collecting data are observation and collection of plants and documentation. In this study 11 species of Zingiberaceae were included in 8 genus and 2 sub-families including Costus speciosus (Sitawa), Alpinia galanga (Lengkueh), Amomum cardomomum (gandan bumbu), Curcuma domestica (kunyit), Curcuma mango (kunyit temu), Curcuma xanthorrhiza (Temulawak), Etlingera elatior (Sabung), Hedychium coronarium (Suli), Kaemferia galanga (Ceku), Zingiber Cassumnar (Kunyit Melai) and Zingiber Officinale (padi-padi). Each type has its own description or characteristics.
In vitro culture of rose species (Rosa spp.) via axillary bud growth
Authors: de la Rosa Zosimo , Belarmino Marilyn
Published: May 2020

The utilization of nodal stem cuttings containing dormant axillary buds as explants for plant production of two rose species; Rosa chinensis cv.‘Old Blush’ and R. centifolia cv. ‘Petite de Hollande’ was demonstrated in this study. This propagation technique required the breaking of dormant axillary buds by aseptically culturing them in agarsolidified Woody Plant Medium (WPM) added with 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg l-1 of 6benzylaminopurine (BAP) or, a combination of 2.0 mg l-1 BAP and 0.01 mg l-1 naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). Production of multiple adventitious shoots from one nodal stem explant was obtained after three months of culture in medium supplemented with 1.0 or 2.0 mg l-1 BAP. Four types of plant morphology; single shoot (type 1), multiple shoots with normal leaves (type 2), cluster of tiny shoots with curly leaves (type 3), and single shoot with callus at the base (type 4) were observed from the axillary bud-derived plantlets. The rooting of plantlets was induced in WPM containing 0.25 to 1.0 mg l-1 of indole-butyric acid (IBA) or, 2.0 mg l-1 of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA).
Forest carbon stock and livelihood opportunities under the CBFM Project in Midwestern Leyte Province, Philippines
Authors: Pasa Arturo
Published: May 2020

The study assessed the carbon stocks or storage within the Community-Based Forest Management (CBFM) Project in Midwestern Leyte Province. The CBFM project area stored an average carbon density of 333 Mg/ha from aboveground biomass down to the soil complex (0-1m depth). The upperstorey biomass had an average carbon density of 166 Mg/ha while 1.94 Mg/ha for the understorey biomass. In addition, floor litter carbon density ranged from 1.38 Mg/ha to 2.75 Mg/ha, root carbon density from 11.0 to 17.4, and soil carbon density from 111 to 221 Mg/ha.
The huge amount of carbon stored under the CBFM project is a potential livelihood opportunity for the local people. Several organizations are interested in carbon offset projects where huge amount of fund is involved — a situation where both farmers and the environment would be benefited.
Chemical dynamics of a highly weathered soil under native tree species in Mt. Pangasugan, Leyte
Authors: Sueta Juvia , Asio Victor , Tulin Anabella
Published: May 2020

The study evaluated the changes of the chemical properties of a highly weathered soil planted to native tree species. Soil samples were gathered at monthly interval for 12 months and were analyzed for pH, OM, N, P, Ca and Mg. Decomposition of leaf litter of the dominant native tree species (Parashorea malaanonan and Dipterocarpus warburgii) in the site was determined using the litter bag method.
Results revealed significant temporal variations of pH in CaCl2, OM, total N and available P, but not for pH in H2O and exchangeable Ca and Mg. Significant differences between sites (spatial variation) were also observed for OM, total N and exchangeable Ca and Mg suggesting the important effects of vegetation type on these soil properties. Decomposition rates of 0.0331 kg/ha/week and 0.0231 kg/ha/week were obtained for D. warburgii and P. malaanonan, respectively. Both rates suggest fast litter decomposition.
水利工程建设中的水文水资源管理工作
Authors: 宋 光辉
Published: May 2020

中国的水资源总量是比较多的，但由于我国的人口众多，总量分摊到14亿人口就会使得水资源的人均水量要比世界的平均水平低得多，而且我国在水资源的分布上呈现出了非常明显的地区差异，这对于水资源的利用产生了很大的阻碍和制约。因此，我们必须采取合理的手段和方式加强对水资源的合理开发和高效利用。对于水资源的高效、节约、循环利用和管理不仅能全面提高水资源的利用效率，而且还能推动我国经济社会的高质量、可持续的发展。在建设水利工程项目的过程中，我们必须始终高度关注工程项目的质量，把水利工程项目的建设以及水资源的管理统一融合起来，不仅为了达到水资源高效利用的这个目的，也为了保证水利工程项目的建设满足生态文明发展的必然要求。
试论水利工程管理的现代化与精细化建设
Authors: 徐 曦
Published: May 2020

水利工程管理直接关系到水利工程使用效果，是保障防洪、灌溉、排水、发电等作用发挥的关键。基于此，项目单位在建设水利工程时，需引进现代化与精细化管理理念，提高水利工程管理水平，保障水利工程的长期可靠运行。文章主要对水利工程管理的现代化与精细化建设开展分析。
农田水利工程季节性施工技术的应用探讨
Authors: 张 晓兰
Published: May 2020

我国经济发展离不开农业经济，农业也是保证国家粮食安全的基础，所以在国家发展和稳定上发挥着至关重要的作用。农田水利设施关系着农业发展进步，所以很多地区对农田水利设施建设有着一定重视，不过在施工中各种质量问题也常常存在。季节变化造成的温差和自然条件的变化时影响农田水利建设重要因素之一，施工人员如果没有根据这些因素的变化适当调整施工技术那么非常容易导致质量不达标，严重影响到后续农业发展。
湖南省安化县小型水库建设与运行管理现状及对策浅析
Authors: 邓 新华
Published: May 2020

分析了近年来安化县小型水库建设、运行管理中存在的一些问题，提出了完善运行管理改革体制，明确管理责权；强化政策引导，构建完善的经费保证机制等解决办法，以此提升小型水库运行管理水平，充分发挥其经济效益与社会效益。
燃气发电企业发电量对策的研究与实践
Authors: 王 晓晖
Published: May 2020

经济社会的发展和人们的生活生产都离不开电力，传统的火力发电给空气造成了比较大的污染，而使用天然气进行发电是目前电力行业比较先进的一种发电技术，由于天然气的燃烧不会像煤炭燃烧那样产生大量的有害空气的物质，因此使用这种方式进行发电对空气和自然环境的污染可以忽略不计，不仅实现了较高的经济效益，而且还符合生态文明的建设，具有很高的生态效益。随着人们物质生活水平的提升，可以说人们生活和生产的各个环节都离不开电力，对电力的使用需求越来越旺盛，也对传统的发电和供电方式提出了更高的要求和更大的挑战，电力行业的工作者必须积极的探索和发掘更多更高效率、更高质量、更具生态效益的发电技术和方法，进一步改善和提升天然气发电的技术应用水平，增加天然气发电在我国电力能源工业中所占据的比重。虽然现有的天然气发电技术实现了较好的社会综合效益，但是不可否认的是技术还没有实现完全成熟的应用，还存在一些需要解决和完善的问题，必须要积极研究分析，努力提升技术应用的整体水平，推动我国电力行业的更高层次的发展。
水工钢闸门构件剩余寿命估算和可靠性分析
Authors: 李 浩
Published: May 2020

钢闸门构件是水利工程设施中极为重要的构成元件，而在长期使用会出现锈蚀现象，若锈蚀严重则构件的使用寿命和可靠性均会受损。为此，文中本着提高水工钢闸门使用价值，提高其应用可靠度的目的，开展了水工钢闸门构件剩余寿命的估算和可靠性分析工作，希望能为相关工作人员提供帮助。
简论生态修复与水土保持生态建设
Authors: 赵 延红
Published: May 2020

水土流失问题是我国生态环境保护中的一个突出问题，不但给人们的生活带来了极大的影响，也严重阻碍了当地经济的发展。水土保持生态建设是在新世纪、新形势下，政府根据人们生活需求和经济发展需要提出的符合我国国情的环境保护政策。在生态修复和水土保持的基础上，研究和分析当前我国生态修复和水土保持工作中所存在的问题，并针对这些问题提出了相应的解决方案。
土工合成材料在水利工程中的应用
Authors: 王 建立
Published: May 2020

土工合成材料在水利工程中得到了广泛的应用，其中在工程中的作用主要体现在加筋作用、隔离作用、防护作用、过滤作用和排水作用等5个方面。介绍了土工合成材料在这5个方面的作用功能和机理，及其应用的方式，为土工合成材料在水利工程中的应用提供参考借鉴。
小型水利水电施工技术中存在的问题分析
Authors: 潘 国勇
Published: May 2020

由我国国情决定，自然资源分布不均衡，在枯水期和丰水期南北差异巨大，甚至发生干旱和洪涝灾害，使得人们的财产及人身安全受到了很大的影响。我国在花费大量人力、物力建造了如三峡大坝、葛洲坝、黄河小浪底等大型水电站，在一定程度上改善了自然资源分布不均的情况，促进人们安居乐业做出了很大的贡献。水利水电站按照装机容量将其分为大、中、小型三种类型，由于影响规模限制，小型水电站一般修建在乡镇农村地区，尤其对于中西部地区的偏远山区有着重要的影响。
Pandemic Pupils: Covid-19 and the Impact on Student Paramedics
Authors: Perkins Andre , Kelly Sarah , Dumbleton Hannah , Whitfield Steve
Published: May 2020

COVID-19 is having a profound effect on student paramedics. This commentary aims to explore and discuss how student paramedics have been affected by COVID -19 and seeks to identify the perceived impact of this experience.
Establishing the Link between Management Practise, Employees’ Ability and Workforce Productivity: A Case of UK’s Telecom Sector
Authors: Khan Junaid , Zahid Umair
Published: May 2020

Workforce productivity had been affected by many different factors in organisations around the globe. There have been many instances in different organisations workforce that has affected their productivity level. Current research looks into the management practices and the ability of employees working in the telecommunication sector of the UK for analysing their linkage with workforce productivity. The use of different management practices has been directly linked with workforce productivity in the telecommunication sector of the UK. The current study uses quantitative primary measures for collecting and analysing the research data. The developed results of the research support all the developed hypotheses of the research that were established to measure the direct impact of employee ability and management practices of the telecommunication sector on workforce productivity. The collected data was analysed through the use of statistical measures of descriptive analysis, regression analysis, and correlation analysis. The developed research results accept the alternate hypotheses developed in the research body.
Impact of Turnover on Organizational Efficiency: A Case Study of Dawlance Company
Authors: Shaikh Maria , Shaikh Sumra , Benghal Ghazala , Shaikh Haseeb Haleem , Shah Nadeem Juman
Published: May 2020

The research is conducted to investigate and analyse the impact of employee turnover on organizational effectiveness and employee performance, this study also highlights those factors which makes the employees less comfortable in DS Motors (Unique) Hyderabad Pakistan and provide possible solutions to reduce employee turnover. In this study we examine the increasing ratio of employee’s turnover in DS Motors (Unique) that observed in the last couple of years. High rate of employee turnover negatively affects the organizational efficiency and decreases the productivity of the organization. The cooperative sampling strategy was used to select the participants/respondents. Self-administered survey questionnaires were distributed among 166 employees of DS Motors from which 135 were returned in a useful condition. SPSS (version 20.0) was utilized for statistical data analysis. The study findings suggest that salary is one of the reasons of employee turnover in DS Motors. The results of the study highlight that increasing rate of employee turnover increased workload to present employees of the organization. The evidences found in this study also highlights that high employee turnover reduce the productivity and quality of the product produced in the organization. The findings also highlight that employee turnover may cause customer dissatisfaction and disrupts the delivery of the products and reduce service provisions. Other findings suggested that poor and unhealthy working conditions and lack of advancement opportunities increase employee turnover in the organization. The recommendations highlighted in this study that top management must provide competitive remuneration to the employees of the organization and need to create career development opportunities and develop a communication network between employees and management of the organization. This study concludes with the future direction of the research.
Natural estrogens enhance the engraftment of human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in immunodeficient mice
Authors: Sara Fañanas-Baquero  , Israel Orman  , Federico Becerra Aparicio  , Silvia Bermudez de Miguel  , Jordi Garcia Merino  , Rosa Yañez  , Yolanda Fernandez Sainz  , Rebeca Sánchez  , Mercedes Dessy-Rodríguez  , Omaira Alberquilla  , David Alfaro  , Agustin Zapata  , Juan A. Bueren  , Jose Carlos Segovia  , Oscar Quintana-Bustamante
Published: May 2020

Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells are crucial in the maintenance of lifelong production of all blood cells. These Stem Cells are highly regulated to maintain homeostasis through a delicate balance between quiescence, self-renewal and differentiation. However, this balance is altered during the hematopoietic recovery after Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cell Transplantation. Transplantation efficacy can be limited by inadequate Hematopoietic Stem Cells number, poor homing, low level of engraftment, or limited self-renewal. As recent evidences indicate that estrogens are involved in regulating the hematopoiesis, we sought to examine whether natural estrogens (estrone or E1, estradiol or E2, estriol or E3 and estetrol or E4) modulate human Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells. Our results show that human Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cell subsets express estrogen receptors, and whose signaling is activated by E2 and E4 on these cells. Additionally, these natural estrogens cause different effects on human Progenitors in vitro. We found that both E2 and E4 expand human Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells. However, E4 was the best tolerated estrogen and promoted cell cycle of human Hematopoietic Progenitors. Furthermore, we identified that E2 and, more significantly, E4 doubled human hematopoietic engraftment in immunodeficient mice without altering other Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells properties. Finally, the impact of E4 on promoting human hematopoietic engraftment in immunodeficient mice might be mediated through the regulation of mesenchymal stromal cells in the bone marrow niche. Together, our data demonstrate that E4 is well tolerated and enhances human reconstitution in immunodeficient mice, directly by modulating human Hematopoietic Progenitor properties and indirectly by interacting with the bone marrow niche. This application might have particular relevance to ameliorate the hematopoietic recovery after myeloablative conditioning, especially when limiting numbers of Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells are available.
Post-transplant cyclophosphamide versus anti-thymocyte globulin for graft-versus-host disease prevention in haploidentical transplantation for adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Arnon Nagler  , Abraham S. Kanate  , Myriam Labopin  , Fabio Ciceri  , Emanuele Angelucci  , Yener Koc  , Zafer Gülbas  , William Arcese  , Johanna Tischer  , Pietro Pioltelli  , Hakan Ozdogu  , Boris Afanasyev  , Depei Wu  , Mutlu Arat  , Zinaida Peric  , Sebastian Giebel  , Bipin Savani  , Mohamad Mohty
Published: May 2020

Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis for unmanipulated haploidentical hematopoietic cell transplantation (haplo-HCT) include post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) and anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG). Utilizing EBMT registry, we compared ATG versus PTCy based GVHD prophylaxis in adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients undergoing haplo-HCT. Included were 434 patients; ATG (n=98) and PTCy (n=336). Median follow-up was ~2 years. Baseline characteristics were similar between the groups except that the ATG-group was more likely to have relapsed/refractory ALL (P=0.008), non-TBI conditioning (P<0.001), peripheral blood graft source (P=<0.001) and transplanted at an earlier time-period (median year of HCT 2011 vs. 2015). The 100-day grade II-IV and III-IV acute-GVHD was similar between ATG and PTCy, as was 2-year chronic-GVHD. On multivariate analysis (MVA), leukemia-free survival (LFS) and overall survival (OS) was better with PTCy compared to ATG prophylaxis. Relapse incidence (RI) was lower in the PTCy group (P=0.03), while non-relapse mortality (NRM) was not different. Advanced disease and lower performance score were associated with poorer LFS and OS and advanced disease with inferior GVHD-free/relapse-free survival (GRFS). Peripheral grafts were associated with higher GVHD compared to bone marrow grafts. In ALL patients undergoing unmanipulated haplo-HCT, PTCy for GVHD prevention resulted in lower RI and improved LFS and OS compared to ATG.