bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison between dynamic stabilization and instrumented fusion in the treatment of spinal stenosis with degenerative lumbar scoliosis
Authors: Luo Lei , Fang Lang , Zhou Qiang , Zhao Chen , Li Pei , Liu Liehua , Liang Lichuan , Luo Fei , Chen Yanhong
Published: December 2019

Background Posterior instrumented fusion is the most widely accepted surgical treatment for spinal stenosis with degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DLS). However, long fusion can affect daily activities due to lumbar stiffness. Several clinical studies have shown that Dynesys dynamic stabilization in addition to laminectomy could lead to significant improvements in clinical outcomes. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of Dynesys dynamic stabilization with posterior instrumented fusion for the management of spinal stenosis with DLS. Methods Between August 2010 and Deccember 2015, a total of 46 patients with spinal stenosis and degenerative lumbar scoliosis were enrolled in this study. 26 patients (Dynesys group) had fenestration decompression, selective intervertebral fusion and Dynesys stabilizationin. 20 patients (fusion group) underwent posterior instrumented fusion. Clinical outcomes, radiographic data, and perioperative complications were compared between the two groups. The average duration of follow-up for the Dynesys group and fusion group was 38 and 33 months respectively. Results The mean number of fixed segments were 3.3±0.8 in Dynesys group and 4.3±0.8 in fusion group. Lower average values of operative duration and blood loss were observed in the dynamic group than in the fusion group. VAS for back and leg pain improved in both groups of patients. There were significant difference in ODI and LSDI (lumbar stiffness disability index) between Dynesys group and fusion group at the last follow-up. The scoliosis Cobb's angle and lumbar lordosis significantly improved in both groups after surgery, and no significant difference were observed between the groups at the last follow-up (P＞0.05). Dynesys stabilization resulted in significantly higher preservation of motion at the implanted segments. Conclusions This study demonstrated that both Dynesys dynamic stabilization and instrumented fusion can improve clinical outcomes of patients with degenerative lumbar scoliosis. Compared to instrumented fusion, Dynesys stabilizationin have advantages on blood loss, operation time, perioperative complications. In addition, Dynesys stabilization partially preserves the ROM of the stabilized segments that may reduce the limitation on daily activities caused by lumbar stiffness. Dynesys stabilizationin can also correct scoliosis, prevent progression of the curve, and maintain lumbar lordosis in mild to moderate lumbar scoliosis without sagittal imbalance.
Polychlorinated Biphenyls in the Drinking Water Source of the Yangtze River: Characteristics and Risk Assessment
Authors: Cui Xiaoai , Dong Jing , Huang Zhifeng , Liu Chengyou , Qiao Xiaocui , Wang Xing , Zhao Xingru , Zheng Binghui , Shen Jinshan
Published: December 2019

Background As the longest river in Asia, the Yangtze River flows through the most industrialized cities in China and provides critical ecological services for agriculture, industry, and transportation. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have been banned for many years, but trace amounts of PCBs still exist as persistent organic pollutant in drinking water and are an ecotoxicological problem. In this work, we collected water, sediment, and suspended particulate matter (SPM) samples along the Yangtze River, to study the distribution and transport of PCBs for the risk assessment of the Yangtze River as a drinking water source.Results The ΣPCBs concentrations in water, sediment, and SPM ranged in 0.044–10.98 ng/L, 0.33–69.43 ng/g, and 0.72–152.66 ng/L, respectively. The main pollutants were PCB17, 18, 28, 47 and 118 in the Yangtze River. The ff SW value of PCB18 and PCB28 all exceeded 0.5, whereas the ff SW value of PCB47 and PCB118 (except for PCB118 at Y-4) were less than 0.5. The toxic equivalent quantity (TEQ) range of PCBs in water and in sediment was 0–5.55 pg-TEQ/L and 0–2.51 pg-TEQ/g, respectively.Conclusions In both water and sediment, lower chlorinated PCBs are dominant in the middle reaches and higher chlorinated PCBs are dominant at downstream. In contrast, SPM is dominated by tetra-CBs. The ff SW values reveal a net redissolution of lower PCBs from sediments to water but a net sorption of higher PCBs from water to sediment. The PCBs in water and sediment at downstream pose potential ecological risk, but the drinking water does not have a non-carcinogenic risk for humans.
Calcium phosphate influences erosivity of non alcoholic beverages in vitro
Authors: Zimmer Stefan , Ballhausen Nadine , Topoll Benedikt , Bizhang Mozhgan , Barthel-Zimmer Claudia
Published: December 2019

Background: The effect of added calcium phosphate to non alcoholic beverages to reduce erosivity on bovine enamel and dentine was analyzed. Methods: 90 enamel and 90 dentine specimens from freshly extracted bovine incisors were randomly attributed to 9 enamel and 9 dentine groups (n=10 each). Initially, all specimens were weighted using a precision balance. They were suspended in plastic bottles containing 150ml of the following beverages: Cola, orange juice, Red Bull, Bonaqua Fruits. To all beverages 100mg (c1) or 200mg (c2) calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate was added. Tap water served as control. After 7 days, median mass loss was calculated in mg. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney u-test served for comparison between groups. Results: Cola and Bonaqua Fruits lost erosivity already after addition of 100mg calcium phosphate. Red Bull after 100mg on enamel and 200mg on dentine. Only orange juice remained erosive on dentine and enamel even after the addition of 200mg calcium phosphate. Conclusion: The addition of calcium phosphate may reduce or even prevent the erosivity of some highly erosive non alcoholic beverages on bovine enamel and dentine.
The regulatory role of the RANKL/RANK/OPG signaling pathway in the mechanisms of tooth eruption in patients with impacted teeth
Authors: Flis Petro , Brodetska Ludmila , Kaniura Olexandr , Lisakovska Olha , Natrus Larysa , Skrypnyk Irina
Published: December 2019

Background Tooth impaction is a common problem in orthodontic practice and usually accompanied by pain and pathological changes of surrounding teeth. Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying tooth impaction allows finding the most effective way of orthodontic treatment for patients with impacted teeth (IT). The RANK (receptor activator of NF-κB) / RANKL (RANK ligand) / OPG (osteoprotegerin) signaling pathway controls bone resorption and may be involved in the regulation of tooth eruption. The aim of the study was to evaluate the bone remodeling based on the assessment of the RANKL/RANK/OPG status in patients with IT.Methods Bone samples from 20 patients (mean age 15.27, SD = 3.83) were divided into 3 groups: 1 – bone tissue of healthy persons (control group); 2 – bone tissue taken near the healthy tooth in patients with tooth impaction; 3 – bone tissue taken near the IT. Levels of RANKL, RANK, OPG, osteocalcin (OC), NF-κB p65subunit, NFATc1 and caspase-3 were determined by Western blotting. The difference between groups was assessed by one-way ANOVA. P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.Results We established a 1.73-fold elevation of RANK level in the IT area vs. control, indicating the recruitment of preosteoclasts. An increase in RANKL, OPG and OC content was demonstrated (by 1.46, 1.48, and 1.42 fold respectively), reflecting high activity of osteoblasts near the IT. Despite the activation of the RANKL/RANK/OPG system in the impaction area, NF-κB and NFATc1 levels did not change compared vs. control, indicating a blocked/delayed process of osteoclastogenesis. We found a decrease in the content of procaspase-3 (1.28-fold), while the level of its active form p17 increased by 2.26 fold near the healthy tooth in patients with IT compared with control. In the area of ​​IT we observed an increase in procaspase-3 and p17 levels (1.32 and 1.78 fold). This reflects impairments of caspase-3 activation and accumulation of its inactive form in the IT area that may contribute to the tooth eruption failure.Conclusions Tooth impaction may be associated with the disturbances in the caspase-3 cascade activation and the imbalance in the RANKL/RANK/OPG system, and as a result, blocked bone resorption.
Mobilization in the evening reduces delirium in critically ill patients: the MENTAL randomized, controlled trial
Authors: Nydahl Peter , McWilliams David , Weiler Norbert , Borzikowsky Christoph , Howroyd Fiona , Brobeil Angelika , Kott Matthias , Haken Rebecca von
Published: December 2019

Background : Delirium is a common complication in patients on Intensive Care Units (ICU). Caring interventions such as early mobilization are effective in prevention and treatment of delirium, but are recommended during daytime. It may be effective in the night, too. Method : The aim of this study was to prove the effect of mobilization in the evening to prevent or treat ICU patients from delirium. The design was a multicentric, randomized, controlled trial in 5 mixed ICUs over a period of 2 weeks with max. 28 days follow-up. Patients in the intervention group were mobilized onto the edge of the bed or more between 9:00 and 11:00 p.m. by an additional mobilization team, following safety criteria. Patients in the control group received usual care. Primary outcome parameter was the duration of a delirium. Secondary parameters were presence of delirium, mortality, duration of mechanical ventilation (MV) and stay, feasibility, and mobilization-related complications. Results : In summary, n=69 patients could be analysed (intervention n=36, control n=33). Due to limited resources, the trial was stopped and reached 62% of targeted sample size. Mobilization in the evening did not significantly reduce duration of existing delirium, delirium presence, length of MV or days in ICU and hospital for 28 days follow-up. In an unplanned post-hoc analysis, mobilization in the evening prevented patients from delirium in the first four days (6 (16.7%) vs. 13 (39.4%), p=0.032), with a number needed to treat of 5. The intervention was feasible in 71.7% of eligible patients, with 13.6% unwanted safety events. Conclusions : In a mixed ICU population, mobilization in the evening did not show a reduction in duration of delirium, MV or length of stay, but a reduction in the incidence of early onset delirium. Mobilization between 9:00 and 11:00 pm. by an interprofessional mobilization team may prevent patients from delirium. The intervention was feasible, safe, and accepted by most patients.
Neuromonitoring of Delirium with Quantitative Pupillometry in Sedated Mechanically Ventilated Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Favre Eva , Bernini Adriano , Morelli Paola , Pasquier Jerôme , Miroz John-Paul , Abed-Maillard Samia , Ben-Hamouda Nawfel , Oddo Mauro
Published: December 2019

Background. Intensive care unit (ICU) delirium is a frequent secondary neurological complication in critically ill patients undergoing prolonged mechanical ventilation. Quantitative pupillometry is an emerging modality for the neuromonitoring of primary acute brain injury, but its potential utility in patients at risk of ICU delirium is unknown. Methods. This was an observational cohort study of medical-surgical ICU patients, without acute or known primary brain injury, who underwent sedation and mechanical ventilation for at least 48 hours. Starting at day 3, automated infrared pupillometry – blinded to ICU caregivers – was used for repeated measurement of the pupillary function, including quantitative pupillary light reflex (q-PLR, expressed as % pupil constriction to a standardized light stimulus) and constriction velocity (CV, mm/sec). The relationship between delirium, using the CAM-ICU score, and quantitative pupillary variables was examined. Results. A total of 59/100 patients had ICU delirium, diagnosed at a median 8 days from admission. Compared to non-delirious patients, subjects with ICU delirium had lower values of q-PLR (25 [19-31] vs. 20 [15-28] %) and CV (2.5 [1.7-2.8] vs. 1.7 [1.4-2.4] mm/sec) at day 3, and at all additional time-points tested (p<0.05). After adjusting for the SOFA score and the cumulative dose of analgesia and sedation, lower q-PLR was associated with an increased risk of ICU delirium (OR 1.057 [1.007-1.113] at day 3; p=0.03). Conclusions. Sustained abnormalities of quantitative pupillary variables at the early ICU phase correlate with delirium and precede clinical diagnosis by a median 5 days. These findings suggest a potential utility of quantitative pupillometry in sedated mechanically ventilated ICU patients at high risk of delirium.
The association between FTO genotype and macro-nutrients’ intake in overweight adults
Authors: Mehrdad Mahsa , Doaei Saeid , Gholamalizadeh Maryam , Eftekhari Mohammad H
Published: December 2019

Background Macro-nutrients can influence on body weight through their interactions with FTO gene polymorphisms. This study aimed to investigate the association between FTO gene rs9939609 polymorphism with macro-nutrients intake.Methods This cross-sectional study was carried out on 196 overweight adults. The rs9939609 SNP in FTO was genotyped. Dietary intake was assessed by a valid 168-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The association between dietary macro-nutrients and the FTO genotype were assessed using linear regression after adjustments for sex, age, physical activity, triglycerides, fasting blood sugar (FBS), and low density lipoprotein (LDL).Results The higher carbohydrates (p=0.000), fat intake (p=0.009) and calorie intake (p=0.001) were significantly associated with FTO gene risk allele (P=0.001). Carriers of the AA/AG genotype of rs9939609 had significantly higher calorie, fat, and carbohydrate intake than the carriers of the TT genotype (p=0.019, p=0.010, & p=0.000, respectively).Conclusion The dietary carbohydrate and fat intake were associated with FTO genotype. Further studies are warranted to investigation of these interactions and the underlying mechanisms.
Retrospective analysis of salvage surgery for local progression of brain metastasis previously treated with stereotactic irradiation: diagnostic benefit, functional outcome, and prognostic factors
Authors: Mitsuya Koichi , Nakasu Yoko , Hayashi Nakamasa , Deduchi Shoichi , Oishi Takuma , Sugino Takashi , Yasui Kazuaki , Ogawa Hirofumi , Onoe Tsuyoshi , Asakura Hirofumi , Harada Hideyuki
Published: December 2019

BackgroundStereotactic irradiation (STI) is a primary treatment for patients with newly diagnosed brain metastases. Some of these patients experience local progression, which is difficult to differentiate from radiation necrosis, and difficult to treat. So far, just a few studies have clarified the prognosis and effectiveness of salvage surgery after STI. We evaluated the diagnostic value and improvement of functional outcomes after salvage surgery. Based on these results, we reconsidered surgical indication for patients with local progression after STI.MethodsWe evaluated patients with brain metastases treated with salvage surgery for local progression from October 2002 to July 2019. These patients had undergone salvage surgery based on magnetic resonance imaging findings and/or clinical evidence of post-STI local progression and stable systemic disease. We employed two prospective strategies according to the eloquency of the lesions. Lesions in non-eloquent areas had been resected completely with a safety margin, utilizing a fence-post method; while lesions in eloquent areas had been treated with minimal resection and postoperative STI. Kaplan-Meier curves were used for the assessment of overall survival. Prognostic factors for survival were analyzed.ResultsFifty-four salvage surgeries had been performed on 48 patients. The median age of patients was 63.5 years (range 36-79). The median interval from STI to surgery was 12 months. The median overall survival was 20.2 months from salvage surgery and 37.5 months from initial STI. Primary cancers were lung 31, breast 9, and others 8. Local recurrence developed in 13 of 54 lesions (24%). Leptomeningeal dissemination occurred after surgery in 3 patients (5.6%). Primary breast cancer (breast vs. lung: HR: 0.17), (breast vs. others: HR: 0.08) and RPA class 1-2 (RPA 1 vs. 3, HR:0.13), (RPA 2 vs 3, HR:0.4) were identified as good prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) in multivariate analyses. The peripheral neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) of ≤3.65 predicted significantly longer OS (median 25.5 months) than an NLR >3.65 (median 8 months). Conclusion﻿We insist that salvage surgery leads to rapid improvement of neurological function and clarity of histological diagnosis. Salvage surgery is recommended for large lesions especially with surrounding edema either in eloquent or non-eloquent areas.
Comparison of 3-weekly cisplatin versus 3-weekly carboplatin in patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma receiving concurrent chemoradiotherapy: A multicentre analysis
Authors: Dechaphunkul Arunee , Danchaivijitr Pongwut , Jiratrachu Rungarun , Dechaphunkul Tanadech , Sookthon Chatsuda , Jiarpinitnun Chuleeporn , Paoin Chudchanok , Setakornnukul Jiraporn , Suktitipat Bhoom , Pattaranutaporn Poompis , Ngaimphaiboon Nuttapong
Published: December 2019

BackgroundAlthough concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) with high-dose cisplatin remains a standard of care for patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LA-NPC), carboplatin has alternatively been used, particularly for cisplatin-ineligible patients. However, the comparable efficacy of these two regimens remains unclear. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of 3-weekly carboplatin and 3-weekly cisplatin therapies.MethodsFrom May 2005 to November 2014, we identified patients with LA-NPC treated with CCRT from a Thai multicentre head and neck cancer database. The patients were administered a chemotherapy (CT) regimen of either cisplatin (75–100 mg/m2) or carboplatin (AUC-5 or 6). Patient tolerability and survival were analysed and compared between regimens.ResultsOverall, 780 patients with LA-NPC were identified. Of these, the 76 patients (9.7%) treated with carboplatin showed significantly more comorbidity and lower baseline creatinine clearance than those treated with cisplatin. Compared with the cisplatin group, a higher number of patients in the carboplatin group completed three planned cycles of CT during CCRT (88.2% vs 52.0%, p<0.001) and three planned cycles of adjuvant CT (92.1% vs 78.7%, p=0.004). Furthermore, 28% of patients in the cisplatin group, as opposed to only 2.8% in the carboplatin group, required a dose reduction of CT in the subsequent cycle due to toxicities (p<0.001). At the time of analysis, the 5-year disease-free survival rate was 59.0% and 59.0% (p=0.935) and the 5-year overall survival rate was 64.0% and 66.0% (p=0.530), in the cisplatin and carboplatin groups, respectively.ConclusionsCarboplatin provided comparable efficacy to that of cisplatin but with better tolerability and could be considered as an alternative regimen, particularly in cisplatin-ineligible patients with LA-NPC. These findings still warrant a randomised phase III study to compare these two CT regimens.
Effect of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in human ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells
Authors: Lu Xiaoli , Liu Guangzhi , Cheng Lenan , Ge Licong , Zhao ZiYi , Yang Qiu yun
Published: December 2019

Objective:To investigate the effects of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) on apoptosis and proliferation of human ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells and to explore mechanism.Methods:hUC-MSCs were isolated and cultured by tissue block adherent culture method. The hUC-MSCs phenotype were identified by flow cytometry. The hUC-MSCs lysate and conditioned medium,directly combine were used to treat SKOV3 cells.The effects on the proliferation，apoptosis，mechanism of SKOV3 cells were examined by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)，Annexin V-FITC/PI，quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR) and spheroid formation assays.Establish ovarian cancer xenograft models，1X 106 hUC-MSCs and 2 X 106 hUC-MSCs were administrated into the mice t rear back tumor tissue. After three injections of hUC-MSCs, the nude mice were sacrificed after 1 week of observation.Remove tumor tissue. Observed tumor volume changes every 3 days after the start of the experiment. The expression of CD34 and VEGF were detected by immunohistochemistry.Results:Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells were cultured and isolated from tissue block. Flow cytometry results revealed that the hUC-MSCs marks CD44 and CD29, but not CD45 and CD34 were expressed on obtained cells. The apoptosis of SKOV3 cells was induced by hUC-MSCs lysate, conditioned medium and Transwell co-culture method in SKOV3 cells, and the apoptosis rate was higher with increasing concentration. hUC-MSCs conditioned medium and Transwell co-culture method can inhibit cell proliferation. After adding experimental factors, the conditioned medium and Transwell co-culture method can down-regulate the transcription of PI3KCA, AKT and BCL-2 genes in SKOV3 cells, and up-regulate the Caspase-3 gene.The tumor volume of the experimental group was smaller than that of the control group during the observation period. The expression levels of CD34 and VEGF in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion: The conditioned medium of hUC-MSCs and the co-culture method of hUC-MSCs and SKOV3 can significantly inhibit the proliferation of SKOV3 cells, which is mainly achieved by inhibiting PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. hUC-MSCs can inhibit the growth of subcutaneous subcutaneous transplantation and the expression of CD34 and VEGF in ovarian cancer. It provides a new idea for the treatment of ovarian cancer.
Serum amyloid a, a potential biomarker both in serum and tissue, correlates with ovarian cancer progression
Authors: Li Ze , Hou Yongwang , Zhao Meng , Li Tianning , Liu YaHui , Chang Jiao , Ren Li
Published: December 2019

Objective: Ovarian cancer is the most fatal gynecologic malignancy worldwide due to delayed diagnosis as well as recurrence and drug resistance. Thus, a new type of ovarian cancer treatment prediction biomarker is urgently needed to supplement existing tools. Methods: One hundred patients operated on due to ovarian tumor were enrolled in this study. Meanwhile, one hundred ovarian benign patients and thirty healthy women were selected as control groups. Levels of SAA, CA125 and HE4 were assessed using standard laboratory protocols. 5 ovarian cancer tissues and paracancerous tissues were collected and than stored at -80℃ until the qRT-PCR assay was conducted.Results: The ROC curve of SAA concentration in ovarian cancer was plotted to obtain the area under the curve AUC = 0.889, the cut-off value 17.05 mg/L, the sensitivity 78.4% and specificity 86.5%. The results by logistic regression analysis revealed that there was significant correlation between the level of serum SAA and clinical stage and lymph node and distant metastasis. Compared with pre-treatment, the level of serum SAA decreased significantly after treatment. qRT-PCR assay revealed that the mRNA of SAA-1 and SAA-4 was much higher in cancer tissues than in adjacent tissues, and MMPs was up-regulation including MMP-1, MMP-9 and MMP- 12 in OVCAR-3 cell stimulated by SAA and transwell assay revealed that SAA could promote OVCAR-3 cell migration. Moreover, SAA can regulate EMT markers and promote Akt pathway activation.Conclusion: In summary, our results demonstrated that SAA may be a potential diagnosis and treatment prediction biomarker. SAA promote OVCAR-3 cell migration by regulating MMPs and EMT which may correlate with Akt pathway activation.
Exploration of Anti-inflammatory Mechanism of Forsythiaside A and Forsythiaside B in CuSO4-Induced Inflammation in Zebrafish by Metabolomic and Proteomic Analyses
Authors: Gong Lihong , Yu Linyuan , Gong Xiaohong , Wang Cheng , Hu Naihua , Dai Xuyang , Li Yunxia
Published: December 2019

Background: Inflammation is a general pathological phenomenon that operates during severe disturbance of homeostasis. Forsythiaside A (FA) and Forsythiaside B (FB) are isolated from air-dried fruits of Forsythia suspensa, which show a significant effect against inflammation. However, the anti-inflammatory effect and therapeutic mechanism have not yet been clarified in zebrafish. Methods: In this study, the anti-inflammatory effects of FA and FB were investigated in CuSO4-induced zebrafish model. Intracellular ROS and NO generation in zebrafish were performed using fluorescent probe dyes. Metabolomics and proteomics using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry were carried out to identify the expression of metabolites and proteins associated with chemically induced inflammation in zebrafish larvae. Quantitative PCR was performed to detect the progressive changes in the genes.Results: FA and FB inhibited neutrophils migration to the damaged neuromasts and remarkably reduced CuSO4-induced ROS and NO generation in zebrafish. Metabolomics analyses indicated that the Nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism, Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, Pyrimidine metabolism and Purine metabolism were mainly involved. The proteomic analyses identified 146 differentially expressed proteins, among which, the expression of collagen (col2a1b, col9a2, col9a1b), nme3, wdr3, mrps7, srpx, gch2, ptpn11a, rcvrn2, nit2, scaf4a and zgc:162509 were all reversed both in FA and FB groups. FA and FB could reverse the abnormal expression of these metabolites and proteins to alleviate chemical damage to the neuromasts in the lateral line of zebrafish.Conclusions: FA and FB possess remarkable anti-inflammatory effect and could be used to protect chemically induced neuromasts damage in zebrafish larvae.
The sex-specific influence of body mass index on the association between serum lipids and cognitive function in Chinese elderly population: data from 2009-2015 CHNS
Authors: Li Jiang , Cao Yongtong , Xiao Cheng
Published: December 2019

Objectives: Previous studies reported that the association between lipid levels and cognitive function related with sex, age and specific cognitive domains, but the influence of body mass index (BMI) on this association is limited. This triggered our interest in exploring how serum lipids relate to cognitive function in different BMI levels. Methods: Data was collected from 2009 wave and 2015 wave of China Health and Nutrition Survey (2009-2015 CHNS). Multivariable linear regression analyses examined serum lipids level as predictors of gender-specific measure of cognitive function in different BMI levels, which were adjusted for age, nationality, BMI, SBP, DBP, smoking status, alcohol consumption and education level. Results: Cognitive function score have different concentration curves in serum lipids quartile levels in different BMI categories. After adjustment for confounding factors, serum TG was positively associated with cognitive function score in underweight (β±SE: 2.06±0.88, P=0.023) and obese (β±SE: 1.44±0.71, P=0.045) male group, and serum HDL-C was positively associated with cognitive function score in overweight (β±SE: 1.89±0.92, P=0.041) and obese female group (β±SE: 5.04±1.62, P=0.002). Conclusions: The associations of serum lipids with cognitive function differed between different gender groups and were specific to BMI levels. This result indicated that better nutritional status has superior cognitive function performance.
Window phase analysis of nutrient losses from a typical rice-planting area in the Yangtze river delta region of China
Authors: He Shuang , Li Fayong , Liang Xinqiang , Li Hua , Wang Sheng , Jin Yingbing , Liu Boyi , Tian Guangming
Published: December 2019

Background Rice paddy wetlands may serve as a nutrient source or sink in agricultural ecosystems. However, the pattern of nutrient loss on a large scale is not clear. A year-round on-site observation study based on 6 h intervals was conducted. Rainfall, temperature, runoff nutrient concentrations, and adjacent stream water samples were automatically monitored to uncover the temporal changes in the runoff losses of the main nutrient proxies (total N and total P) from a typical rice-planting area (120 ha) in the Yangtze river delta region of China.Results A high total N concentration in the rice-planting area was observed during the rice-planting season; however, a larger fluctuation in the total P was evident throughout the year. The Δtotal N (drainage minus stream) parameter showed negative values with a mean of −0.25 mg L −1 , while Δtotal P showed positive values with a mean of 0.06 mg L −1 . The window phases for the total N loss are mainly concentrated in the rice-growing season. However, the window phase for the total P loss was more dispersive throughout the year. No clear relationships were found between rainfall and N and P concentrations by self-organizing map analysis.Conclusions This high-resolution monitoring suggested that nutrient loss loading, rather than nutrient concentration, was strongly related to runoff depth, and the avoidance of fertilization before high-intensity rainfall could mitigate the nutrient runoff losses and maintain the rice wetland eco-function.
Analisis Perancangan Sistem Penerimaan Siswa Baru Menggunakan Framework Zachman
Authors: Aji Ranggi Praharaningtyas , Hidayah Debby Ummul
Published: December 2019

The zoning system is a new perspective that has been established by the government in supporting the acceptance of new students. However, the system turned out to be one of the obstacles in education. Because it was still not standardized and the school found it difficult to explain to the community. Seeing the existing problems, researchers try to provide a solution to combat the problems in the acceptance of new students. the solution is to make an online zoning system design. The method used in this research is the Zachman framework. The results obtained defines the entity to the system to be built, including student entities, register entities, UN entities, account entities and school entities. Furthermore, several processes that become the main processes in the online registration application include account creation, registration, announcement, registration validation, account management, and reports. Whereas in network analysis there is a topology update to make students able to access online registration applications wherever and whenever. The results of this study hopefully can be used as a reference for similar research.
Psychological and Pedagogical Conditions of Intellectual Development in Preschoolers with Severe Speech Disorders
Authors: Chipil Elena , Shamovskaya Tatiana
Published: December 2019

The research featured peculiarities of the intellectual development of children with severe speech disorders. A set of experiments showed that such children have systemic underdevelopment of verbal and non-verbal functions. The empirical part of the research was based on two methods: a color version of Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices Test and Wechsler’s Pre-School & Primary Scale of Intelligence in M. N. Ilyina’s adaptation. The data were analyzed with the help of statistical methods. The article focuses on the system of psychological and pedagogical conditions of the intellectual development of preschoolers in the conditions of preschool educational organizations. The authors consider the sensory education as the basis of intellectual development aimed primarily at the development of feelings and perceptions. The content of the intellectual education includes speech development, development of elementary mathematical concepts, and productive activities (construction, modeling, drawing, application), which are considered as significant aspects of intellectual education. The authors compiled, tested, and evaluated a program of intellectual development of senior preschool children with severe speech disorders. The program was based on didactic games.
"Information" vs. "Reflection": Collisions and Solutions
Authors: Dumov Alexander , Kudashov Vyacheslav , Lichargin Dmitriy
Published: December 2019

The research features problematic issues of the philosophical and general scientific conceptualization of "infor­mation" on the basis of terminological and conceptual collisions that appear within the dialectical materialistic ideas. The paper focuses on how the concept was internalized in domestic studies, its interpretations, and the comprehension of its ontological and theoretical-cognitive status. The concept of "reflection" was developed within the dialectical materialism. It proved essential as an epistemic metaphor that illustrates multiple aspects regarding the interaction and mutual influence of systems involved in various "information" processes. However, the limited nature of the concept of reflection is apparent: it is not enough for a philosophical understanding of "information". The concept of "information" has numerous semantic invariants that are not covered by the notion of reflection. The paper describes collisions that arose in trying to comprehend the relationship between the concepts of "reflection" vs. "information" within the attributive and the functional theories. They indicate the need for a synthesis of the complex approach. The phenomenon of "information" is integrative in nature for contemporary information theories due to the pluralism and the open mode for scientific communication. The authors believe that the explication of semantic invariants of the concept of "information" is fundamentally important for the formation of a dialogical environment of the interdisciplinary interaction. The article features the prospects of applying the complexity approach, i.e. E. Moren’s complexity science, for philosophical understanding of information, understanding the essence of the phenomenon. The approach can help to overcome collisions that arise in the process of conceptualizing "information" as a philosophical and general scientific concept.
Meaning of the Term "Equal Rights" (Equality) and Ideas of Tackling Discrimination
Authors: Buniak Daria
Published: December 2019

The paper clarifies the concepts of "equality", "non-discrimination", and "equal rights" and reveals their constitutional nature. The article owes its theoretical character to the fact that it serves as the basis for further research of practical problems connected with various types of discrimination. The author underlines that in different legal systems principles of non-discrimination and equal rights are construed and manifested in different ways. This is predetermined by the existing traditions, religions, and the model of human rights realized in the society and contained in laws. In the context of increasing globalization, it is of the greatest importance to remember the inadmissibility of criticism of "alien" national legal systems, which can be provoked by their continued "opacity" and specifics of ideology, religion, and society, as well as difficulties in translating legal texts from one language to another. The issues discussed in the present paper are of greatest significance because the matters of discrimination are popular subjects of discussions, debates, and trials in the modern world.
Dietary Epicatechin, A Novel Anti-aging Bioactive Small Molecule
Authors: Si Hongwei , Lai Chao-Qiang , Liu Dongmin
Published: December 2019

Epicatechin (EC), a flavonoid present in various foods including cocoa, dark chocolate,
berries, and tea, has recently been reported to promote general health and survival of old mice fed a
standard chow diet. This is considered a novel discovery in the field of identifying natural compounds
to extend lifespan, given that presumably popular anti-aging natural agents including resveratrol,
green tea extract, and curcumin had failed in extending the lifespan of standard chow-diet-fed mice.
However, the anti-aging mechanism of EC is not fully understood, thus impeding the potential application
of this natural compound in improving a healthy lifespan in humans. In this review, we first
summarized the main dietary sources that contain a significant amount of EC and recent research
regarding the absorption, metabolism and distribution of EC in humans and rodents. The review is
then focused on the anti-aging effects of EC in cultured cells, animals and humans with the possible
physiological, cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying its lifespan-extending effects.
AN ENERGY EFFICIENT SPECTRUM AWARE ROUTING FOR COGNITIVE RADIO NETWORKS
Authors: Bolla Dileep Reddy , Shivashankar
Published: December 2019

Background:

Now a days Due to rapid increase in the internet the Spectrum available is been overcrowded and thus the spectrum Sensing can be achieved by using the predominant technology i.e., Cognitive Radio as the spectrum is been under-utilized by the wireless communication technologies.

Objective:

The prime objective of the research work carried out is to achieve the energy efficiency and to use the spectrum effectively by using the spectrum management concept and achieve better throughput, end to end delay etc.,

Methods:

The detection of the spectrum hole plays a vital role in the routing of the cognitive radio networks. As the hidden node problems and the multipath fading and the shadowing are considered to be impacting the sensing of the spectrum to overcome these issues Cooperative spectrum Sensing Mechanism is been adopted to sense the spectrum in an optimal manner and over cum the issues. Along with these issues the spectrum resources changes time to time in the routing.

Result:

An Energy Efficient Spectrum aware Routing (ESR) is been proposed which involves the timeslot and the routing schemes were been discussed. The simulation parameters have been proposed and the improvement in the performance of network
through and a decrease in the end-to end delay have been observed and analyzed.

Conclusion:

An Energy Efficient spectrum management and the routing is successfully established to communication in the network and further traffic load is observed to be balanced in the protocol based on the residual energy in a node and further it prologs the Network Lifetime of the Overall Network and the Individual CR user. Further the end-to-end Delay has been observed to be lower which ensure higher throughput in the network and improves the network life time.
Time-Synchronization Free Localization Scheme with Mobility Prediction for UAWSNs
Authors: Toky Archana , Singh Rishi P. , Das Sanjoy
Published: December 2019

Background:

Underwater Acoustic Wireless Sensor Network supports a lot of civil and
military applications. It has come out as an effective tool to explore the ocean area of the earth.
Sensor deployed underwater can help to relate the events occurring underwater with the rest of the
world. To achieve the goal, the information gained from the sensors needs to be tagged with their
real-time locations.

Objective:

To study the effect of the mobility of the sensor nodes on the accuracy of the location
estimation during the localization period and develop a localization scheme which can give an accurate
result by predicting the mobility behavior of the sensors.

Methods:

In this paper, a time-synchronization free localization scheme for underwater networks
has been presented. The scheme employs a mobile beacon in the network to move vertically and
broadcast the beacon messages.

Results:

The performance evaluation shows that the scheme reduces the error in location estimation
caused by the mobility of the sensors by predicting their further location according to the mobility
pattern of the sensor node. In an existing localization scheme, nodes are localized without
time-synchronization but the scheme does not consider the mobility of the senor between the reception
of two messages. The result of shows that the proposed localization scheme has achieved
success in reducing the localization error by introducing the mobility behavior of the sensors in
the existing localization scheme.

Conclusion:

localization scheme without a need of time-synchronization is presented. The main
reason of the inaccuracy of a localization scheme is the mobility of the sensor node during the
range estimation. The accuracy of a localization scheme can be improved by prediction the mobility
pattern of the sensor during a localization period.
Characteristics of distribution of amounts of several uniformly distributed random values of information system query treatment times
Authors: Butaev M. M.
Published: December 2019

The normal distribution of a random variable is usually used in studies of the probabilistic characteristics of information systems. However, its use to approximate distributions defined on a limited interval distorts the physical meaning of the model and the numerical results, so it can only be used as an initial approximation. The purpose of the work is the improvement of calculation methods the probabilistic characteristics of information systems. The object of the research is an analytical method for calculating the processing time of a query in the system, the subject is a formula for calculating the duration of a sequential processing of a query by system elements with uniformly distributed random processing times. When deriving formulas for calculating the probability characteristics of a sum of independent uniformly distributed random variables, methods of probability theory are used. For random variables determined only on the positive axis of coordinates, it is proposed to use finite-interval distribution laws, for example, beta distribution. Formulas probability density function and cumulative distribution function for sums of two, three, and four independent uniformly distributed random variables are derived.
Multicriteria task of distribution of flows of a transport communication network
Authors: Fokin N. I.
Published: December 2019

The paper proposes a new approach to solving the problem of distribution of information flows on the communication network based on the method of constraints. A multi-pole multi-product graph is used as a mathematical model of the communication network structure. The problem of distribution of information flows is solved in three stages. At the first stage, the structural analysis of the network is carried out using the mathematical apparatus of Boolean algebra. As a result, we get a lot of ways to distribute information flows. At the second stage, the structural reliability of the found set of information flow distribution paths is calculated using the orthogonalization algorithm. At the final stage, using the method of constraints, a compromise version of the distribution of information flows of corresponding pairs of nodes is found.
Variants of Localization and Extension of Hypo- and Aplasia of the Great Saphenous Vein in Patients with Primary Varicose Great Saphenous Veins
Authors: Sabadosh Rostyslav
Published: December 2019

The objective of the research was to improve the diagnostics and treatment of patients with primary varicose great saphenous veins by studying their frequency and systematizing the variants of localization and extension of great saphenous vein hypoplasia and aplasia in its trunk.

Materials and Methods. The study included 560 patients with varicose veins of the lower limbs and pathological refluxes in different segments of the great saphenous vein. All the patients underwent triplex ultrasound scan of the lower limb venous system.

Results. Among the patients with pathological reflux in a certain GSV segment, hypo- and aplasia of its segments were observed in 32.5% of the cases (95% CI 28.6-36.6%). Aplasia of this vein was observed twice as less frequently than hypoplasia (p<0.05). In 2.3% of the cases (95% CI 1.2-3.9%), hypoplasia of a certain GSV segment evolved to aplasia, or vice versa. It was found that the GSV trunk may have several hypo- or aplastic regions separated by its normal or varicose segment – bi-level hypo- or aplasia that was observed in 3.8% of the patients with hypo- or aplasia (95% CI 1.6-7.8%). In bi-level hypo- or aplasia, 2 hypoplastic regions were detected in 85.7% of the cases (95% CI 42.1-99.6%) and 2 aplastic regions were found in 14.3% of the cases (95% CI 0.4-57.9%). There were proposed to distinguish the following variants of GSV hypo- and aplasia: 1) simple: total, proximal, segmental and distal; 2) bi-level: proximal segmental, distal segmental and bi-segmental. In addition, for every dysplastic vein segment, the type of malformation should be indicated, namely hypoplasia, aplasia, or hypo/aplasia.

Conclusions. The study conducted allowed assessing the relationship between the variants of GSV hypo- and aplastic segment localization and extension and different variations of pathological refluxes of the GSV in its trunk for further choice of surgical tactics.
Argonoperitoneum Effect on Pain Syndrome Intensity in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors: Tkachuk Oleh , Parakhoniak Rostyslav , Melnyk Svitlana , Tkachuk-Hryhorchuk Olesia
Published: December 2019

The objective of the research was to compare the objective and subjective indicators of intra- and postoperative pain and surgical stress intensity.Materials and Methods. There were examined 360 patients suffering from gallstone disease. There were used the intraoperative monitoring of nociception index by means of Analgesia Nociception Index  - monitor, the determination of serum cortisol concentration, the assessment of pain syndrome in the postoperative period by means of the Numerical Rating Scale in accordance with life quality assessment and the number of injections at the patient’s request.

Results. The analysis conducted indicated the reduction in pain irritation, low indices of pain syndrome and postoperative stress intensity under the effect of argonperitoneum. Considerable reduction in the need for analgesics in the study groups served as evidence to this predicted pattern. The assumption that the noticed phenomenon can be explained by the absence of acid irritation of the peritoneum due to argon chemical neutrality being distinct from carbon dioxide was substantiated.Conclusions. The results proved the effectiveness of argonperitoneum application in laparoscopic surgeries.