bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ostwald Ripening of Nanodispersed Phases in Metal Alloys (review)
Authors: Vengrenovich R.D. , Ivanskii B.V. , Stasyk M.O. , Yarema S.V. , Moskaliuk A.V. , Panko I.I. , Kryvetskyi V.I. , Fesiv I.V.
Published: July 2019

The review deals with analysis of the kinetics of Ostwald ripening of nanodispersed phases in metal alloys when the growth (dissolution) of the nanoparticles of the reinforcing phase is controlled simultaneously by the  matrix diffusion, diffusion through the dislocation tubes and the rate of the atoms transition through the interphase boundary (Wagner's mechanism of growth). As a rule, different mechanisms of the nanoparticles growth (dissolution) are simultaneously employed in the process of the particles ripening while the number of the mechanisms involved in the growth (one, two or three) depends on various factors such as: chemical composition of the nanodispersed phases, conditions of exploitation (changes in mechanical loads, temperature regimes, environmental conditions), technological conditions of synthesis, etc. The possibility of practical implementation of the proposed mechanisms of growth of nanoparticles in the Ostwald ripening process can be confirmed or declined by a comparison between the experimental and theoretical data. As seen from the comparison between some experimental histograms with the lines built theoretically, the proposed mechanisms of growth of the dispersed phase nanoparticles seem realistic.
Intercalation of Li Atoms in a SnS2 Anode of Battery: ab initio Calculation
Authors: Prikhozha Yu.O. , Balabai R.M.
Published: July 2019

Applying the methods of the functional of electron density and ab initio pseudopotential, we carried out computational experiments, we have obtained the spatial distributions of the density of valence electron, the energy reliefs of migration of Li atoms in the SnS2 interlayer under various degrees of filling of the interlayers spatial of metal atoms. It was established that the motion of Li atoms was accompanied by the overcoming of energy barriers. Barriers depended on the degree of filling of the SnS2 layer with metal atoms. The optimum filling of the SnS2 layer with the Li atoms in 75 % was recorded at which the motion of Li atoms was accompanied by the least energy costs.
Scattering of Charge Carriers in Thin Films PbTe:Bi
Authors: Dzumedzey R.O.
Published: July 2019

The calculations of the scattering mechanisms of charge carriers in thin films of PbTe:Bi with 1 at. % of bismuth is carried out. The dominant mechanisms of scattering in the investigated samples are determined. The thickness dependence of the ratio msurf/mbulk is considered.
Kinetics of Dispersion During Annealing in Vacuum of Thin Double Nickel-Silver Films Deposited onto Oxide Materials
Authors: Gab І.І. , Stetsyuk T.V. , Kostyuk B.D. , Shakhnin D.B.
Published: July 2019

The kinetics of dispersion of thin nickel-silver films deposited onto alumina and zirconia ceramics and annealed in vacuum at temperatures up to 1000 °C with different exposition times at each temperature (from 5 up to 20 min) was studied. The double films consisted of two layers: the first metallization layer was 150 nm nickel nanofilm deposited onto the oxide surface, and the second silver layer 1.5 mm thick deposited over the first one as a solder was used for joining of metallized oxide samples. It was found that these films remain rather dense during short-term heating up to 900 °C; and, after annealing at 950 °C and 1000 °C, they decompose immediately into individual droplets covering more than half the area of the ceramic substrates. The kinetic curves for the dispersion of these films were plotted.
Formation of Hydrides in the Surface Layer of Aluminum in NonEquilibrium Conditions of Electrolyte Plasma
Authors: Fedorenkova L.
Published: July 2019

In this paper, the formation of a diffusion layer on aluminum, which includes aluminum hydrides, in non-equilibrium conditions of electrolyte plasma with high local temperatures, high heating and cooling rates were studied. As a result of the research it was obtained that in the diffusion layer formed complex nanosized inclusions of polymorphic modifications (AlН3)n and AlB3H12. The diffusion in the non-equilibrium conditions of the electrolyte plasma is carried out in hydrogen environment, where the hydrogen atoms have the greatest energy and is one of the main forces that activate the diffusion process and influence the structure, composition and micromechanical characteristics of the diffusion layer.
The assessment of shadow economy in Lithuania
Authors: Narbuntaitė Emilija , Ramanauskaitė Agnė
Published: July 2019

In the scientific literature the shadow economy is defined as complex phenomena. The existence of it is determined by various causes and factors and the main purpose of this paper is to describe the meaning of shadow economy and estimate the size of it in Lithuania. The main tasks of this paper are to analyse the main conception of shadow economy, to present alternative methodologies for measuring the shadow economy, to analyse the level of shadow economy in Lithuania and disclose the main causes of it. The first part of the paper analyses the main conception of shadow economy. There are various points of view describing the definition of shadow economy and it depends on the main point of research. In this paper it is used the economical point of view. The second part of the paper presents the alternative methodologies for measuring shadow economy. There are various methods assigned to direct, indirect and factorial groups. Finally, in the third part of the paper it is presented the results of other authors’ researches of Lithuanian shadow economy. According to them, the rate of Lithuanian shadow economy fluctuates between 17-33.8% of gross domestic product. The most important Lithuanian shadow economy causes are too big tax burden, gaps in legislation, distrust and dissatisfaction of government.
Impact of Lithuanian tax reform to companies results
Authors: Kalantaitė Jovita , Subačienė Rasa
Published: July 2019

Global economic crisis reached Lithuania in 2008, as a response to ongoing economic downturn, the government of the Republic of Lithuania introduced tax reform. Analysis of factors determined by the tax reform will be presented in the article. However, main arguments will concentrate on evaluation of companies activities and results as business is one of the key pillars on which Lithuanian economy is built on: taxes form a significant part of individual company’s expenses and on the other side – taxes are a main stream of revenue for the national budget.

The most significant taxes in overall national budget composition could be named as the following: personal income tax, social insurance taxes, value added tax, corporate income tax, excise tax and others. In relation to the global crisis tax income has decreased significantly in year 2009 and at the end of year 2012 has still not reached the level of year 2008. However, from the company’s perspective, employees related taxes are considered as most significant as they form almost a half of total taxes paid by companies. Decrease of taxes related to payroll (personal income tax, social insurance taxes) was followed by growth of unemployment, decrease on average salary and growth of the shadow economy. Drop in GDP, inflation and decline in sales made impact on decrease of tax revenue of value added tax, as shadow economy and reduced consumption of excisable goods influenced the value of excise tax revenue. The tax revenue of corporate income tax was influenced by decline of net profit and profitability, increased number of bankruptcy.
Preparation of trade specialists at VU faculty of economics and their correspondence to market needs
Authors: Martinavičius Jonas
Published: July 2019

This research is dedicated to analysing the development of preparation process of trade specialists at Vilnius University. Highest focus is laid on the period after the restoration of Lithuanian’s independence. Statistical analysis covering dynamics and scope of trade graduates from Trade faculty and later Economics faculty is performed. While revealing aims of study programmes and their achievement through development of generic and subject specific competencies, peculiarities of preparing trade specialists at bachelor and master levels are presented. Qualitative valuation of study programmes aimed at preparing trade specialists, their development and correspondence to market needs is performed employing massive survey data.
Stemplės vėžio gydymo rezultatai Nacionaliniame vėžio institute 2008–2017 metais
Authors: Zaremba Sigitas , Aškinis Renatas , Piščikaitė Agota , Smailytė Giedrė , Cicėnas Saulius
Published: July 2019

Įvadas. Stemplės vėžys (SV) yra aštunta pagal dažnumą onkologinė liga ir šešta mirties dėl vėžio priežastis pasaulyje. Nepaisant pažangos šią ligą diagnozuojant ir gydant, bendrasis 5-erių metų reliatyvus išgyvenamumas siekia 15–25 proc. Straipsnio tikslas – apžvelgti 2008–2017 m. Nacionaliniame vėžio institute (NVI) gydyto SV atvejų gydymo patirtį, įvertinti operacinio, konservatyvaus ir paliatyvaus gydymo rezultatus, nustatyti ligonių išgyvenamumą. Tyrimo metodika. 2008–2017 m. NVI gydėsi 512 pacientų, sergančių SV. Ligoniams taikytas operacinis, paliatyvus operacinis, chemospindulinis, spindulinis, chemoterapinis ar simptominis gydymas. Statistinė analizė atlikta naudojant STATA 11 statistinę programinę įrangą. Rezultatai. Tirtų pacientų amžiaus vidurkis – 61,8 metai. Iš 512 tiriamųjų 63 buvo moterys (12,3 %), 449 – vyrai (87,7 %). I stadijos vėžiu sirgo 25 (4,9 %), II stadijos vėžiu – 74 (14,4 %), III stadijos vėžiu – 258 (50,4 %), IV stadijos vėžiu – 155 (30,3 %) pacientai. Dažniausia morfologija – plokščialąstelinė karcinoma (445 atvejai, 86,9 %), adenokarcinoma – 48 atvejai (9,4 %). Operuoti radikaliai – 75 (14,6 %), paliatyviai – 271 ligonis. Chemospindulinis gydymas taikytas 97 (19,0 %) ligoniams, spindulinis – 81 (15,8 %), chemoterapinis – 111 (21,7 %), simptominis – 148 (28,9 %). Po radikalių operacijų komplikacijų dažnis – 46,17 proc., mirtingumas – 10,67 proc. Dažniausia komplikacija – fistulė. Bendrasis reliatyvus išgyvenamumas: vienus metus – 33,91 proc., penkerius metus – 9,0 proc. Atsižvelgiant į gydymo rūšį, reliatyvusis 5-erių metų išgyvenamumas po radikalių operacijų siekė 26,53 proc., po chemospindulinio gydymo – 17,95 proc., po radioterapinio gydymo – 5,36 proc., po chemoterapinio gydymo – 1,92 proc., po simptominio gydymo – 1,92 proc. Išvados: Po radikalaus SV operacinio gydymo pooperacinių komplikacijų dažnis siekė 46,17 proc., mirtingumas – 10,67 proc. Po paliatyvaus operacinio gydymo komplikacijų dažnis siekė 4,5 proc., mirtingumas – 0,7 proc. NVI gydytų SV sergančiųjų bendrasis 5-erių metų reliatyvus išgyvenamumas – 9,0 proc. Reikšmingos įtakos išgyvenamumui turėjo taikytas gydymas, diagnozuotos ligos stadija ir pirminio naviko dydis.
A case report of desmoid type fibromatosis of the breast
Authors: Pankratjevaitė Lina , Ceslevičienė Ieva , Poškienė Lina , Boguševičius Algirdas
Published: July 2019

Background. Desmoid type fibromatosis of the breast is a rare fibroblastic proliferative disease. It may be sporadic or associated with trauma, Gardner’s syndrome, etc. Desmoid tumour of the breast is a benign, locally aggressive disease. However, it does not metastasize. Case report. We report a case of a 65-year-old woman with right breast desmoid type fibromatosis. Conclusions. Diagnosis of breast desmoid tumour is difficult: clinically and radiologically it may mimic carcinoma. Definitive diagnosis is proved just by histopathological examination results. First choice treatment of breast fibromatosis is a radical surgical excision.
Estudio teórico de compuestos derivados de cefalosporinas con potencial actividad inhibitoria frente a proteína de unión a penicilina (PBP) y resistencia a enzimas betalactamasa de espectro extendido (BLEE) producidas por Escherichia coli
Authors: Urbina-Daza Adrian , Anaya-Ortega Cira , Ahumedo-Monterrosa Maicol , Gaitan-Ibarra Ricardo , Anaya-Gil Jorge
Published: July 2019

Se han utilizado herramientas computacionales para proponer moléculas derivadas de cefalosporinas con potencial actividad antibacteriana, frente a cepas de Escherichia Coli, con mayor afinidad como inhibidores de enzimas de unión a penicilinas y que a su vez disminuyan o no tengan afinidad por betalactamasas de espectro extendido. Se diseñaron 20 moléculas con base en la estructura molecular de la cefalosporina, las estructuras fueron optimizadas utilizando la teoría del funcional de la densidad, se calcularon descriptores moleculares de reactividad, de forma paralela se sometieron a acoplamiento molecular con las enzimas antes mencionadas. Las moléculas presentaron valores de energía de unión negativos, doce moléculas mostraron una orientación e interacciones favorables en el sitio activo de la enzima de unión a penicilinas y trece moléculas presentaron menor afinidad que el ligando nativo (cefotaxima) por la betalactamasa. Tres moléculas pueden considerarse como potenciales inhibidores de enzimas de unión a penicilinas resistentes y betalactamasas.
Estudio fitoquímico de hojas de Cavendishia compacta (Ericaceae) y evaluación de su actividad antiinflamatoria
Authors: Vasco Zamudio Soranlly Paola , Castrillón Cardona William Fernando , Matulevich Pelaez Javier Andrés , Díaz Barrera Laura Ximena
Published: July 2019

Se realizó el estudio fitoquímico de hojas de Cavendishia compacta. La separación de extractos y fracciones por cromatografías en columna, capa delgada y capa delgada preparativa, permitieron obtener una mezcla de diterpenos conformada por kaurano, rimuneno y biformeno; una mezcla de compuestos aromáticos constituida por acetofenona y benzaldehído; una mezcla de triterpenos constituida por α-amirina y β-amirina y el aislamiento de morina y miricetina. La actividad antiinflamatoria se evaluó al extracto etanólico y las fracciones de hexano, dicolorometano y acetato de etilo, utilizando el modelo de edema auricular inducido por TPA, siendo el extracto etanólico y la fracción de dicolorometano los que presentaron un efecto antiinflamatorio moderado de 49,3% y 39,8% respectivamente.
Primate ABO Gene is under Weak Positive Selection
Authors: EVANOVICH Eliane Santos , HARADA Maria Lúcia
Published: July 2019

ABO locus presents three main alleles: A, B and O. A and B encode glycosyltransferases that catalyze the addiction of an N-GalNac and D-galactose to a precursor substance (H substance), producing A and B antigens, while the O allele does not produce a functional protein. The presence of A and B antigens have been associated to resistance against infectious agents which could use them as attachment factors increasing the virulence of some parasitic agents. As these antigens are not restrict to humans, analyses them in others species, for instance non-human primates, may be crucial to understand the relationship between pathogens and ABO phenotypes. Despite of the relevance of this issue, in the last decade few studies have addressed, mainly in New World Monkeys (NWM), natural reservoir of tropical diseases in Amazon Region. In order to understand the evolution of the ABO system in the primates, it has been obtained the partial sequence of the most important exon of ABO gene (exon 7), in platyrrhini families: Atelidae, Pithecidae and Cebidae. Then, it has been compared the sequences obtained those present in the literature, and measured the selective pressure. The present results shown that residues 266 and 268 are also crucial to distinguish A and B phenotypes in the platyrrhines, such as in catarrhines, and the 266 codon is under positive selection, although the most site codons are under action of purifying selection.
General Education Teachers’ Perspectives on Evaluation of Students with Disabilities in Inclusive Elementary Schools
Authors: Seo Seonjin , Park Kyoungock ,   The Korean Society of Special Education
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate general education teachers’ perspectives on evaluation practices for students with disabilities in inclusive elementary schools. There were eight teachers who worked with students with disabilities in their inclusive classes participating in focus group interviews. The results were as follows. First, inclusive elementary schools failed to build effective evaluation systems for students with disabilities who were partially included. Second, very little support was provided for general education teachers to help them enact effective instruction and evaluation for students with disabilities in their inclusive classes. Third, general education teachers and their special education teacher colleagues had a difficulty in sharing accountability for teaching and evaluating their students with disabilities in inclusive schools. Fourth, there was a need for establishing an evaluation record system for students with disabilities in partial inclusion, developing evaluation guidelines for inclusive education, and strengthening professional development, curriculum enhancement, and alternate assessments. The discussions and implications for improving the evaluation practices in inclusion for elementary students with disabilities were provided.
Targeted absolute transcript quantification in single cells after whole transcriptome amplification v1
Authors: Durst Franziska , Grujovic Ana , Ganser Iris , Hoffmann Martin , Ugocsai Peter , A. Klein Christoph , T. Czyż Zbigniew
Published: July 2019

Gene expression analysis of rare or heterogeneous cell populations such as disseminated cancer cells (DCCs) requires a sensitive method allowing reliable analysis of single cells. Therefore, we developed and explored the feasibility of a quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay to analyze single-cell cDNA pre-amplified using a previously established whole transcriptome amplification (WTA) protocol. We carefully selected and optimized multiple steps of the protocol, e.g. re-amplification of WTA products, quantification of amplified cDNA yields and final qPCR quantification, to identify the most reliable and accurate workflow for quantitation of gene expression of the ERBB2 gene in DCCs. We found that absolute quantification outperforms relative quantification. We then validated the performance of our method on single cells of established breast cancer cell lines displaying distinct levels of HER2 protein. The different protein levels were faithfully reflected by transcript expression across the tested cell lines thereby proving the accuracy of our approach. Finally, we applied our method on patient-derived breast cancer DCCs. Here, we were able to measure ERBB2 expression levels in all HER2-positive DCCs. In addition, we could detect ERBB2 transcript expression even in HER2-negative DCCs, suggesting post-transcriptional mechanisms of HER2 loss in anti-HER2-treated DCCs. In summary, we developed a reliable single-cell qPCR assay applicable to measure distinct levels of ERBB2 in DCCs.
Basketball game- two tables in a row v1
Authors: Darja Darja
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Between May and June 1993, Slovenia competed in the qualifiers for the EuroBasket 1993, where the team won all seven games and therefore qualified for its first EuroBasket. At the main tournament, held in Germany, Slovenia finished in 14th place out of 16 teams with one win and two defeats. Between May and June 1993, Slovenia competed in the qualifiers for the EuroBasket 1993, where the team won all seven games and therefore qualified for its first EuroBasket. At the main tournament, held in Germany, Slovenia finished in 14th place out of 16 teams with one win and two defeats.
Para o trabalho, descanso e abrigo: as casas das libertas da vila de Pitangui (1750-1820)
Authors: Carvalho Miranda Ana Caroline
Published: July 2019

O presente artigo tem como objetivo realizar uma breve análise sobre as moradias das libertas da vila de Pitangui, no período de 1750 a 1820. A vila pertencia à Comarca do Rio das Velhas, que por sua vez era parte da Capitania de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Para tanto, utilizamos como fontes primárias inventários post mortem e testamentos, no intuito de compreender a composição destes lares, bem como suas localizações. Diante da análise qualitativa da documentação, percebemos que as habitações, para estas mulheres, significavam não apenas um local de repouso, mas também lugar de encontro de diferentes tratos sociais e econômicos.
LEFT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE IN SULAIMANI CITY
Authors: Sharif Dana , Amin Salar , Hamid Deler
Published: July 2019

Background 

Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is an independent predictor for cardiovascular events in chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Objectives 

To find relationship between left ventricular hypertrophy and CKD stages during predialysis period and assess risk factors in CKD patients for left ventricular hypertrophy.

Methods

This cross-sectional study of 125 participant with CKD was conducted at Shar Teaching Hospital of Nephrology department, Sulaimani, Iraq. Left ventricular mass index (LVMI) was measured by using two-dimensional echocardiogram in the left decubitus position. LVH was labeled when the left ventricular mass index was >115 g/m² in men, and >95 g/m² in women on echocardiogram. We analyzed the baseline characteristic in 125 patients with chronic kidney diseaase. All patients underwent laboratory investigations which included serum creatinine, complete blood count, serum calcium, phosphate, intact parathyroid hormone, high density lipoprotein cholesterol HDL-C, low density lipoprotein LDL-C, triglyceride, and total cholesterol with urine albumin to creatinine ratio.

Results 

The mean age was 55.27± 14.51 years(male 60.0%, female 40.0%), and the prevalence of LVH was 68.0%, and it was increased with progressive decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR) (P =0.005). independent risk factors for LVH were anemia (P =0.000), systolic and diastolic BP (P =0.000; P =0.001 respectively), intact PTH (P =0.038), body mass index BMI(P =0.045), serum calcium (P =0.003),serum phosphate (P =0.001) and majority of lipid profiles. 

Conclusion

There was a high prevalence of LVH in the CKD patients and it was increased with progressively decline in renal function. There was a significant association between systolic and diastolic BP, intact PTH, hemoglobin level, BMI, and minerals with LVH in CKD patients.
PREVALENCE OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION USING FECAL ANTIGEN AND SEROLOGY AND ITS RELATION TO IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA
Authors: Anwar Khanda
Published: July 2019

Background 

Helicobacter pylori is an important pathogen, that colonize the mucus layer of epithelial mucus of the stomach in approximately 50% of humans worldwide and can be diagnosed by both invasive and noninvasive methods. 

Objectives 

to compare the diagnostic accuracy of noninvasive tests such as serology and stool antigen test in symptomatic patients and observing the relation of these tests to hematological parameter.

Materials and Methods

One hundred and fifteen blood and stool samples were taken from patients with dyspeptic symptoms from primary health care center of Shahid baxtyar clinic in Sulaimani (Iraq) in a period from June to December 2015, and analyzed for detection of Helicobacter pylori infection by different methods. 

Results

The most attending group that have Helicobacter pylori infection were adult female with age group 26-35 years. Different percentage was recorded for each diagnostic maethod, 76.52% for rapid test, 62.60% for stool Ag, 67.82% for IgM and 86.96 % was recorded for IgG ELISA test. Serum ferritn was assessed for all patients and it was observed that 78 (67.82%) showed low serum ferritin level that includes all cases of positive stool Antigen.

Conclusion

H. pylori can be detected by all non invasive methods with predominent of serodiagnostic test and most of positive cases had iron deficiency anemia with low serum ferritin level.
INTEGRATED USE OF INTERNAL WATERS OF THE POLTAVA REGION AS TOURISM AND RECREATION
Authors: Yermakov Viacheslav
Published: July 2019

Goal. The purpose of this article is to study the organizational and locally-spatial features of the use of recreational and tourist potential of resources of inland waters of the Poltava region. Methods. The methodological basis of the study consisted of the concepts and provisions of recreational geography, tourism, social geography. The main methods of research are literary, analytical, descriptive, comparative-geographical. Results. The content of integrated use of inland water for tourist and recreational purposes is revealed on the example of the Poltava region. The main directions of this use and the territorial integration functions of water tourism are shown for creation of complex local tourist clusters. Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty consists in developing a scheme (model) for the rational use of recreational and tourist potential of inland water objects of Poltava region and the variant of the integration model of a local territorial cluster of water tourism and recreation. Practical significance. The practical significance of the studies of geospatial aspects of the organization of the tourist and recreational potential of inland waters of the Poltava region is to promote the further development of tourism and recreation on the territory of the region in the form of organizing new tourist routes, developing methodological recommendations for the rational use of the potential of water objects, the development of the relevant infrastructure, increasing its attractiveness for domestic and foreign tourists.
COUNTERACTING RUSSIAN AGGRESSION IN INFORMATION SPHERE
Authors: Yakovenko N. , Piskorska G.
Published: July 2019

Aggression of Russia against Ukraine has implemented the concept of modern hybrid threats. Information assets are becoming instruments of force. Opportunities have been created to combine them with armed force. Russiaʼs regular use of negative information and psychological influence on Ukrainian society is one of the most significant threats to information security of Ukraine. The problem of effective opposition against Russian mass media propaganda today, is extremely urgent for the EU and Ukraine, where the strategic narrative is in the process of formation. In fact, the cooperation between Ukraine, the EU and other international actors in this aspect would be topical and useful for all sides.
Рецензирование как метод обучения продуктивной письменной речи
Authors: Ясинская Милена Борисовна
Published: July 2019

В статье рассматривается проблема обучения продуктивной письменной речи, нацеленной на формирование знаниевого, умениевого, владениевого уровня выпускника, результатом которого должно быть достижение письменной речевой компетенции: от формальных языковых признаков письменного текста к созданию письменного высказывания — текста как единицы коммуникации.
Роль языка и традиционного искусства в постижении специфики деловой культуры Востока (на примере Японии)
Authors: Гвоздевская Галина Анатольевна
Published: July 2019

В статье представлен авторский методологический подход к формированию межкультурной компетенции, в основу которого положена идея прочувствования закономерностей мировосприятия, свойственных Востоку, в процессе комплексного постижения традиционного искусства, языка и специфики деловой культуры региона (на примере Японии).
Актуальные приемы формирования общекультурной компетентности у студентов-международников в системе высшего образования (на примере обучения английскому языку)
Authors: Долгина Наталья Александровна
Published: July 2019

В статье обосновывается значимость формирования общекультурной компетентности для эффективного профессионального общения с представителями разных культур. Представлена типология текстов, различные приемы работы с текстами культуры с точки зрения обучения межкультурному общению. Обращается внимание на важность знаний структурных компонентов и функций текста, системы упражнений в обучении иноязычному межкультурному общении.
Коммуникативно-проектная деятельность как средство овладения иноязычной компетенцией будущего бакалавра в профессиональной сфере общения
Authors: Тер-Костанова Летиция Николаевна
Published: July 2019

В статье обосновывается значимость формирования иноязычной коммуникативной компетенции как неотъемлемой составляющей профессиональной компетентности бакалавра-международника. Автором предлагается осуществление в ходе учебного процесса коммуникативно-проектной деятельности на иностранном языке  в качестве эффективного средства овладения как иноязычной коммуникативной компетенцией, так и иных профессионально значимых компетенций.
Массовая коммуникация как взаимодействие дискурсов: аналитический потенциал теории четырех дискурсов Ж. Лакана
Authors: Кожаринова Анна Ростиславовна
Published: July 2019

Данная статья рассматривает возможность использования теории четырех дискурсов Ж. Лакана для анализа массовой коммуникации. Подобный подход обладает актуальностью и определенной новизной, поскольку меняет оптику рассмотрения культурных процессов и значительно дополняет распространенный сегодня деятельностный подход к анализу культуры.

Автор излагает свое видение структуралистской теории Ж. Лакана, вписывающего окружающую нас социокультурную реальность в четырехчастное математическое соотношение, состоящие из строго зафиксированных на определенных позициях, четырех символов: господское означающее S1, знание S2, расщепленный субъект $, объект-причина а. Отмечено, что лакановские определения символов достаточно расплывчаты и предложены авторские подходы к их пониманию.

В статье рассматривается четыре вида дискурсов, выделенных Ж. Лаканом, и анализируется их исследовательский потенциал с культурологической точки зрения. В дискурсе господина субъект говорит от имени своей социальной роли (жреца, политика, военного и т. д.). Особенностью университетского дискурса является нахождение на доминирующем месте идеологически цензурированного и сертифицированного внешними инстанциями знания S2. В истерическом дискурсе на месте агента находится расщепленный субъект-истерик, дискурс которого в современной культуре — это дискурс индивида, утратившего идентичность. В дискурсе аналитика позицию агента дискурса занимает не знающий, но пытающийся узнать субъект (Сократ), от которого расщепленный субъект $ надеется получить знание.
Применимость тезаурусного подхода в философии и социологии культуры, культурологии и в других социальных и гуманитарных науках
Authors: Луков Валерий Андреевич
Published: July 2019

Статья подготовлена на основе доклада автора на общероссийской (национальной) конференции «III Академические чтения памяти Вл. А. Лукова “Тезаурусы и проблемы культуры”» (апрель 2019 г.). Показаны направления применения тезаурусного подхода в современном гуманитарном знании, основанные на первоэлементах тезаурусов, которые составляют концепты «свой», «чужой», «чуждый», и на культурных картинах мира. В этом аспекте тезаурусы выступают как феномены культуры.

Культурная роль тезаурусов оказывается в тесной связи с ежедневной практикой коммуникации и деятельности огромного числа социальных субъектов разного уровня и интеллектуального потенциала, многие из которых имеют самое примитивное представление об истинном и ложном, но такое, которое им достаточно для успешной ориентации в действительности. С учетом этого и строится тезаурусная теория в версии Вл. А. Лукова. Первоэлементы тезауруса «свой», чужой», «чуждый» выступают как социокультурные границы, наиболее общие для людей, народов разных стран культурные разделители, причем независимые от пространственно-временных реалий.

Утверждается, что тезаурус может быть переведен в формальные показатели при ясности целей исследования, для чего проведена аналогия со шкалой Л. Тёрстоуна.

Тезаурусный подход в версии Вл. А. Лукова перерос свой источник и применяется сегодня как общенаучная методология, поскольку новые технологии информации и коммуникации, другие изменения реальности изменили и культурные коды, поддерживавшиеся веками, потребовали новых объяснений и нового понимания Происходящего. Тезаурусный подход не усложнил это понимание, а — подобно «бритве Оккама» — упростил его, что определяет перспективы расширения практик применения тезаурусного подхода в философии и социологии культуры, культурологии и других социальных и гуманитарных науках.
История образования в России: постсоветское время
Authors: Ситаров Вячеслав Алексеевич
Published: July 2019

В статье сделан обзор важных преобразований в системе образования начиная с 1991 г. до сегодняшнего дня, оказавших существенное влияние на развитие российского образования. Показана специфика переходного периода с 1991 по 2000 г., когда происходили изменения законодательного характера, заложившие нормативно-правовую базу новой российской государственности. Последующие изменения в системе образования начиная с 2001 г. и по настоящее время раскрыты по уровням образования в соответствии с действующим Законом об образовании (2012): дошкольном, общем, среднем профессиональном, высшем и дополнительном.   

Используемые в статье многие количественные характеристики являются ориентировочными и не носят какого-либо принципиального характера, поскольку существуют значительные расхождения в области статистики в образовании, связанные как с единообразным пониманием фиксируемого явления, так и с методиками подсчета. Использованы материалы «Российского статистического ежегодника», выпускаемого Федеральной службой государственной статистики.
О цивилизационных типах цинизма: Ближний и Дальний Восток
Authors: Горелова Татьяна Анатольевна
Published: July 2019

В статье рассматриваются типы цинизма, возникшие в восточных цивилизациях, ядром которых были мировые религии — буддизм и ислам.

 Мистическое направление буддизма (традиции дзен) в ХХ в. обретает черты «глобальной культурно-символической туманности» (А. Агаджанян) — глобального необуддизма. Она свободна от поклонения Богу, конкретных традиций и одновременно навязывает миру определенную духовную моду. Хотя она кажется альтернативной западным традициям, но проявляет себя как «прирученная альтернатива». Облик глобального необуддизма можно описать так: транснациональная сетевая структура с центрами вокруг харизматических учителей; медитация как ключевая практика; новое буддийское миссионерство (благотворительность, общественное участие, реклама в массмедиа); создание реформаторских установок на «очищение ядра» или «научный» буддизм. На примере буддизма видно, как западная культура тестирует, фильтрует, обрабатывает духовные феномены различных культур, вырывая их из национальной почвы и встраивая в глобальный масскульт.

Ядром ближневосточного, арабского мира, является ислам, имеющий мистическое направление — суфизм. В конце ХХ в. суфизм превращается в народный праздник, некое действо, промежуточное между мистерией и цирком, не предполагающее отныне духовных практик. В то же время традиционный ислам создает религиозно-политические организации и группировки, которые обозначаются как «радикализм», «экстремизм», «терроризм» с добавлением определения «исламский». Так отлаженная система глобального государственного террора, созданного Западом, запустила ответный механизм — терроризм групп и одиночек, который пытается противостоять глобализму в его же цинической системе координат. Цинизм усиливается тем, что постепенно «воины Аллаха» превращаются в глобальных наемников, которые начинают служить силе, против которой изначально создавались, — Западу.

Делается вывод, что духовное движение — это всегда движение против энтропийного овеществления и объективирования миропонимания. Когда антиэнтропийный процесс прекращается, в мире происходит распыление и ослабление духовности. И мировые религии, и крупные цивилизации прошли свой энтропийный путь, создав собственные типы цинизма. Всеобщий цинизм — тревожный сигнал глобального «разбожествления» мира.
Impact of electromagnetic uhf radiation on genome destabilization in bone marrow cell of rat strains with contrast nervous system excitability
Authors: Dyuzhikova Natalia A. , Vaido Alexander I. , Daev Eugene V. , Kopyltsov Alexander V. , Surma Sergey V. , Shchegolev Boris F. , Serov Igor N.
Published: July 2019

Сhromosomal machinery of highly excited animals with low threshold of the nervous system excitability (LT strain) is more susceptible to the damaging effect of high frequency EMR compared against the animals with high threshold of the nervous system excitability (HT strain). High nervous system excitability determines greater decrease in chromosome aberrations level in the presence of additional reflecting elements Aires Defender Pro resonators under UHF-waves of standard Wi-Fi router. It is shown that the genotype of animals and the functional state of their nervous system affect susceptibility to the UHF EMR and the action of resonators.
Esquema de análisis de la Calidad de la información Contable
Authors: Cantillo Padron Julio Cesar , Rivero Gonzalez Lucelly
Published: July 2019

El propósito del presente artículo es presentar un esquema que permita analizar la incidencia de la adopción obligatoria de las Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera en la mejora la calidad de la información contable en Colombia. Para lograrlo, primero se realizó una revisión bibliográfica con el fin de discutir los conceptos y su evolución desde las ramas de la gestión organizacional, características y modelo de regulación normativo contable aplicable en Colombia y los atributos cualitativos de la información financiera. Más adelante, se presenta la propuesta y por último, se establece la forma de abordar el análisis de confiabilidad y de validez de la propuesta teniendo en cuenta la estadística descriptiva e inferencial.
Transición entre sistemas financieros bancarios y bursátiles. Una aproximación mediante modelo de Swithing Markov
Authors: Vargas Pachón Paola Sophia , Anzola Morales Christian Camilo , Morales Alberto Méndez
Published: July 2019

Los sistemas financieros se consideran como uno de los factores determinantes para el crecimiento económico, estos sistemas típicamente se reúnen en dos categorías, bancarios y bursátiles. La literatura referente evidencia que, factores como el crédito interno al sector privado, las acciones negociadas (% del PIB), el PIB per-cápita y la inflación, pueden ser indicadores de transición de un tipo de estado financiero a otro. Por consiguiente, el aporte principal del presente artículo es determinar la probabilidad de transición entre estados del sistema financiero bancario a uno bursátil y viceversa, que pueden presentar los países latinoamericanos emergentes: México, Colombia, Brasil y Chile (pertenecientes a la OECD). De tal forma, para realizar estos cálculos se utiliza una metodología Switching Markov de dos estados como herramienta de análisis para el periodo de estudio 2000-2016. Los datos provienen del Banco Mundial en el grupo de información financiera. Los resultados obtenidos reflejan que, a través del tiempo, la mayoría de los países se mantienen en un solo estado, es decir, a pesar de las condiciones económicas internacionales no existen transición o cambios de sistema financiero.
Dinero digital: una opción a la regulación del Banco Central
Authors: Montaña Daniela Alejandra
Published: July 2019

Desde la perspectiva económica convencional se puede evidenciar que el dinero ha tomado una fuerza importante dentro de la ciencia económica, son muchos los autores que pretenden conocer el funcionamiento del mismo y como este puede generar afectaciones en la sociedad. La escuela austriaca ofrece una perspectiva radical de no intervención del Estado, planteando un sistema competitivo de banca libre. Mediante el análisis documental se pretende direccionar este artículo hacia la posibilidad de establecer una moneda de carácter privado, desde los planteamientos de la Escuela Austriaca, analizando el tema con el desafío que plantea el desarrollo de las monedas digitales, con esto se pretende evaluar la operatividad de las mismas basados en la teoría económica y los beneficios que estas monedas en su conjunto generarían en la economía en comparación con el sistema monetario regulado por la banca central. Concluyendo que el BITCOIN si es una materialización de la idea austriaca ya que cumple con todos los aspectos mencionados por Hayek y la escuela austriaca, tiene además de manera implícita su forma de competencia con demás monedas de carácter digital y con el papel moneda.
NA MIRA DAS ENCHENTES: MUNDO NATURAL E POBREZA SUBURBANA (PARNAÍBA-PI, ANOS 1970) * IN THE FLOOD ZONE: NATURAL WORLD AND SUBURBAN POVERTY (PARNAÍBA-PI, 1970’s)
Authors: Oliveira Pedro Vagner Silva
Published: July 2019

O presente trabalho visa compreender a natureza e suas ações no cotidiano urbano de Parnaíba, cidade do litoral do Piauí, nos anos 1970. Buscamos em meio às notícias dos periódicos locais o retrato das enchentes ocorridas no recorte em questão, bem como suas ações e problemas causados para os munícipes. Com isso, fazem parte do nosso corpus documental três jornais que circulavam em Parnaíba naqueles anos, Folha do Litoral, Norte do Piauí e Jornal Inovação. Para além, foram utilizadas ainda o anuário Almanaque da Parnaíba e o livro de memórias Cada rua, uma história, do jornalista e escritor Caio Passos (1982).*This paper aims to understand the nature and its actions in the urban daily life of Parnaíba, a seaside town in the state of Piauí, in the 1970’s. We searched through news from the local periodicals the picture of floods that occurred in the chosen period, as well as its actions and the problems caused to the citizens. Thus, three newspapers that circulated in Parnaíba during those years, Folha do Litoral, Norte do Piauí and Jornal Inovação compose our documentary corpus. In addition, the annual Almanaque da Parnaíba and the memory book Cada rua, uma história, both written by the journalist and writer Caio Passos (1982), were also used.Keywords: Parnaíba; nature; the 1970’s.
A TRAJETÓRIA DE CORINA DE VIVALDI NA IMPRENSA BRASILEIRA ENTRE 1874 E 1880 * THE TRAJECTORY OF CORINA DE VIVALDI IN THE BRAZILIAN PRESS BETWEEN 1874 AND 1880
Authors: Silva Helen De Oliveira
Published: July 2019

Corina de Vivaldi (1859-1891) foi uma escritora brasileira que atuou na imprensa nos últimos anos do século XIX. Este texto objetiva descrever e analisar a produção da autora, desprovida de estudos, com particular atenção para os trabalhos escritos quando ainda era muito jovem, a partir de 1874 até o ano de 1880, período em que foi acompanhada pelo seu pai, o ex-cônsul e comerciante Charles F. de Vivaldi (1824-1902). A análise dos textos pode esclarecer quais eram as posições de Corina a respeito das mudanças em curso nos Oitocentos, sejam elas em relação à educação, à emancipação feminina e/ou ao papel da imprensa. Desta maneira, procura-se revisitar a atuação da escritora nos impressos brasileiros entre 1874 e 1880, que talvez tenha sido negligenciada pela dificuldade em identificar seus textos.*Corina de Vivaldi (1859-1891) was a Brazilian writer who appeared in the press in the last years of 19th century. This paper describes and analyzes the author’s production, devoid of studies, with particular attention to the written works when she was still very young, from 1874 until the year of 1880, period in which she was accompanied by her father, former Consul and trader Charles F. de Vivaldi (1824-1902). The analysis of texts may clarify what were Corina’s opinions about the ongoing changes in the 1800s, whether they are in relation to education, to female empowerment and/or the role of the press. Thus, we seek to revisit the writer’s action in the Brazilian newspapers between 1874 and 1880, which may have been neglected by the difficulty to identify her texts.
O SERTÃO NORDESTINO DA SISALICULTURA: MANIFESTAÇÕES CULTURAIS NO MUNICÍPIO DE SÃO DOMINGOS - BA NA DÉCADA DE 1990 * THE NORTHEASTERN SERTÃO OF SISAL’S CULTURE: CULTURAL MANIFESTATIONS IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF SÃO DOMINGOS - BA IN THE 1990S
Authors: Alves Iracema Lopes
Published: July 2019

O presente artigo busca entender como a rotina de trabalho de sisaleiros se expressa em suas manifestações culturais no município de São Domingos, cujas transformações e adaptações foram mais acentuadas na década de 1990. Período este, que ocorreu várias mudanças na sisalicultura e consequentemente causou um impacto nos costumes e modo de vida de muitos trabalhadores e trabalhadoras rurais que sobreviviam dessa atividade econômica. Inicialmente, expõe-se a chegada do agave no país até a sua introdução no semiárido baiano. Após a contextualização desse vegetal na região, aborda-se os diversos sentidos que as manifestações foram adquirindo no processo laboral destes sujeitos, bem como a construção de uma imaginada comunidade do sisal e a importância que as canções populares possuem na vida dos sertanejos/nordestinos. E assim, finaliza-se o estudo com a análise de músicas, das manifestações em estudo, presentes tanto no local de trabalho como nos ambientes de festas e lazer dos sisaleiros e sisaleiras são-dominguenses.*In this paper, we seek to understand how the work routine of sisaleiros expresses their cultural manifestations in the municipality of São Domingos, whose transformations and adaptations became stronger in the 1990s. In this period occurred several changes in Sisal’s culture and, consequently, caused impact in the traditions and in the way of life of many rural workers that survived this economic activity. Firstly, we expose the arrival of agave in the country until its introduction in the baiano semi-arid. After the contextualization of this plant in the region, it is approached the different meanings that the manifestations acquired in the work process of these subjects, as well as the construction of a sisal imagined community and the importance that popular songs have in the lives of sertanejos/nordestinos. Therefore, we close the study with analysis of songs, manifestations under study, present both in the workplace and in party and leisure environments of sisal people from São Domingos.
Efeito da adição de diferentes tipos de açúcar sobre a qualidade físico-química de geleias elaboradas com abacaxi e canela
Authors: Barros Sâmela Leal , Da Silva Wilton Pereira , De Figueirêdo Rossana Maria Feitosa , De Araújo Thais Jaciane , Santos Newton Carlos , Gomes Josivanda Palmeira
Published: July 2019

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the use of different types of sugar and sweetener (sucralose) on pineapple jelly with cinnamon on its physicochemical quality of the product. For the preparation of the jelly, we used pineapple pulp, cinnamon tea, pectin, citric acid and the addition of different types of sugar: crystal, brown sugar, raw sugar and sweetener. The jellies (F1, F2, F3 e F4) were evaluated for the following physico-chemical parameters: water activity, moisture content, soluble solids content (SST), titratable total acidity (ATT), ratio (SST / ATT), ashes, pH, reducing sugars, non-reducing sugars and total sugars, lipids and vitamin C. We concluded that the use of pineapple and cinnan for the preparation of different flavors of jelly is an excellent alternative because these are well accepted fruits and they have high nutritional value. The use of different kinds of sugar and sweetener (sucralose) in the preparation of pineapple and cinnamon jelly is a good option for consumers who want to ingest quality products with lower sucrose content. The elaborated jellies presented values of moisture, soluble solids content and hydrogen ionic potential according to the quality identity standard for jelly, required by current legislation. All the samples were adequate to physico-chemical parameters and the F1 jelly had the highest level of ascorbic acid.