bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
[RETRACTED] Attention! Via Keto Apple Gummies Reviews: Is ViaKeto BHB Apple Gummies Works- Cost, Side Effects, Ingredients, Benefits, Where To Buy? v1
Authors: not provided johnkikal
Published: June 2022

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Attention! Via Keto Apple Gummies Reviews: Is ViaKeto BHB Apple Gummies Works- Cost, Side Effects, Ingredients, Benefits, Where To Buy?
[RETRACTED] TEA BURN REVIEWS *PROS & CONS* SHOCKING REPORTED ABOUT SIDE EFFECTS? v1
Authors: not provided teaburn
Published: June 2022

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More Information on Tea Burn Can Be Found On The Official USA Website Here
[RETRACTED] Clinical Boost CBD Gummies v1
Authors: H Tzachi
Published: June 2022

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[RETRACTED] QE Keto Reviews (Keto Boost) Does It Work Or Scam? v1
Authors: Keto Reviews QE
Published: June 2022

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QE Keto Reviews
[RETRACTED] FEEDBACK! GlucoTrust Reviews: Cost, Side Effects, Ingredients, Benefits, Where To Buy? v1
Authors: not provided feeble
Published: June 2022

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FEEDBACK! GlucoTrust Reviews: Cost, Side Effects, Ingredients, Benefits, Where To Buy?
[RETRACTED] Condor CBD Gummies v1
Authors: H Philipp
Published: June 2022

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[RETRACTED] FEEDBACK! OcuPrime Reviews: Is OcuPrime Vision Support Works- Cost, Side Effects, Ingredients, Benefits, Where To Buy? v1
Authors: not provided feeble
Published: June 2022

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FEEDBACK! OcuPrime Reviews: Is OcuPrime Vision Support Works- Cost, Side Effects, Ingredients, Benefits, Where To Buy?
[RETRACTED] Oprah Winfrey CBD GummiesShark TankReviews Benefits,Ingredients,side effects and Is it legitor Does it Really Work [HOAX OR SCAM]{Update 2022}-, What To Know Before Using It?? v1
Authors: not provided testotininchemist
Published: June 2022

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[RETRACTED] FEEDBACK! Vissentials Keto BHB Canada Reviews: Cost, Side Effects, Ingredients, Benefits, Where To Buy? v1
Authors: not provided feeble
Published: June 2022

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[RETRACTED] FEEDBACK! Glucotrust Reviews: Cost, Side Effects, Ingredients, Benefits, Where To Buy? v1
Authors: not provided feeble
Published: June 2022

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FEEDBACK! Glucotrust Reviews: Cost, Side Effects, Ingredients, Benefits, Where To Buy?
Government Responses to COVID-19: A Comparative Analysis of Visegrad Countries
Authors: Koca Zafer
Published: June 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare government responses and the challenges faced by public authorities in the Visegrad/V4 countries during the Covid-19 outbreak.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The study is based on a comparative analysis method. In this study, we analysed government responses through literature review and data obtained from various databases. The data used in the study were collected from ourworldindata.org, OECD, WHO, World Bank, Eurostat databases, CoronaNET dataset and Covid-19 Government Response Tracker.
Findings: The Visegrad countries did well during the initial phase of the Covid-19 pandemic. Compared to many other countries in Europe or in the world, they had less cases and lower death rates. What made them successful was timely and decisive reactions and harsh measures to curb Covid-19. They all implemented Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions strictly. Mandatory mask wearing, trust in the government and people’s tendency to obey the rules all helped V4 members in the fight against Covid-19. However, in two countries (Poland and Hungary) of the V4 Group, democracy was in decline during the outbreak.
Practical Implications: The study shows that pandemics spread rapidly and affect many countries within a short time. They have a significant impact on public health, the economy, and social and political structures of the countries. In order to reduce or prevent their effects, the governments must provide a timely response. Timing is a key success factor in the fight against the pandemics and helps minimise the consequences thereof.
Originality/Value: The study aims to contribute a detailed and comparative analysis of government responses and challenges of V4 countries in the fight against Covid-19 in the initial stage of the outbreak.
Activities of the Procuratorial Bodies of the Russian Federation and the People’s Republic of China to Ensure Legality in the Environmental Sphere
Authors: Otcheskaya T. I.
Published: June 2022

The article is devoted to topical issues of the activities of the prosecution authorities of the Russian Federation and the People’s Republic of China to ensure the rule of law in the environmental sphere. At the same time, the approaches of the two states to ensure legality in the environmental sphere at the constitutional level, which are regulated by the Constitutions of the Russian Federation and the PRC, were studied. The achievements of the prosecutor’s office for the protection of human and civil rights in the Russian Federation for a favorable natural environment, for improving the ecological environment for people and the general ecological situation were consecrated; prevention of pollution and other dangerous phenomena for society; protection of water bodies and forests. The author analyzes the environmental legislation of China, the main laws regulating the issues of environmental protection both in the Russian Federation and in the People’s Republic of China. The existing successes in this matter are canceled and the factors that reduce the effectiveness of environmental protection activities of both the authorities of these states and the regulatory and supervisory authorities in them are indicated.
Personal biometric data as subjects of criminal law protection
Authors: Chukreev V. A.
Published: June 2022

The relevance of the article is due to the fact that at present the use of the issue of the legal regime and the legality of obtaining, storing and processing various types of biometric personal data of a person is not fully resolved. The authors put forward a hypothesis that the illegal circulation of personal data, including biometric data, carries a potential threat to public relations. This article substantiates the need for criminal law protection of various types of biometric personal data and the improvement of domestic criminal law. To do this, you need to create new offenses. The article focuses on the analysis of laws and official technical documentation regulating the status of personal data, as well as law enforcement practice. The authors identified the current list of biometric personal data subjected to machine processing and proposed a new norm of the Criminal Code for their protection.
To the Question of the Incomplete Nature of the Constitutional Reform in Terms of the Norms on the Prosecutor’s Office of the Russian Federation
Authors: Aleva-German E. A. A.
Published: June 2022

The article examines the results of the constitutional reform of 2020 in Russia from the point of view of fixing particular provisions on the Prosecutor’s Office of the Russian Federation in terms of both the structural structure and the content of the designated updated constitutional norms. In particular, the novelties of the Constitution related to the return to the text of the updated definition of the domestic prosecutor’s office, as well as changes in the procedure for appointing senior officials of this system of bodies, are being considered. In addition, the author considers an important innovation to be the appearance in the Constitution (and, as a consequence, in all Russian legislation) of a new complex term “unified system of public power”. The author gives a number of arguments, on the basis of which she comes to the conclusion about the incomplete nature of constitutional reforms and the expediency of their further elaboration, taking into account the opinion of the scientific community, and also makes suggestions for further improvement of the wording of the provisions on the national Prosecutor’s office. The article also presents the results of a sociological survey that was conducted as part of the work on the study.
Legal Regulation of the Prosecutor’s Supervision over the Investigation of Crimes Related to Illicit Drug Trafficking in the Russian Federation and the Republic of Tajikistan
Authors: Qurbonnazarov B. A.
Published: June 2022

This article examines the features of the implementation of prosecutorial supervision over the investigation of crimes related to drug trafficking in the Russian Federation and the Republic of Tajikistan. The role of law enforcement agencies in the detection and suppression of crimes related to drug trafficking is reflected. An analysis of the legal acts that guide the state bodies of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Tajikistan, including the prosecutor’s offices of both states in the fight against drug trafficking, is given. The author also analyzed the reasons for the development of crime and the growth of crimes in this area. It is concluded that this criminal act creates a potential threat to the life and health of a citizen and a person, violates public order, the security of the state, the development of the economic potential of the state, etc. It is also noted that ensuring the rule of law in the investigation of crimes related to illicit drug trafficking in the Russian Federation and the Republic of Tajikistan is the main purpose of the prosecutor’s supervision in this direction.
Comparative analysis of monolateral and bilateral spinal anesthesia
Authors: Filimonov Roman V. , Gritsenko Sergey N. , Filimonova Inna V. , Kobelyatskyy Yuriy Yu.
Published: June 2022

AIM: This study aimed to improve the treatment results of patients with diabetic foot syndrome by substantiating the optimal type of spinal anesthesia during foot surgery.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty-four patients undergoing purulent surgery were examined and group as follows: Group 1 patients operated on under monolateral (unilateral) spinal anesthesia and Group 2 patients operated on under conditions of bilateral (traditional) spinal anesthesia.
RESEARCH METHODS: Assessment of the level and intensity of pain and the level of catecholamines in urine was conducted in the first postoperative day. Cardiovascular system indicators and the temperature of the skin of the leg during anesthesia were monitored, and the Doppler scanning of peripheral circulation in the foot was performed.
RESULTS: Pain sensitivity during lower limb movement was 20% less pronounced in group 1 than in group 2. A 4.4% decrease in heart rate, a 4.7% decrease in saturation level recorded 20 minutes after the onset of anesthesia, and a 9.8% decrease in mean arterial pressure were observed in group 2. In both groups, systolic blood pressure in the toe increased by 18% after anesthesia, and the temperature of the skin on the lateral surface of the leg increased by 3%. Adrenaline concentration in the daily portion of urine in group 2 was 34.4% higher than that in group 1 in the next postoperative day.
CONCLUSIONS: The general condition of patients during anesthesia was more stable in group 1 than in group 2. After anesthesia, improved peripheral hemodynamics in the operated limb was noted. Compared with traditional spinal anesthesia, monolateral spinal anesthesia has a positive effect on the stress response of the patients body to surgical intervention.
Epidural blockade during liver transplantation
Authors: Zhikharev Vasiliy A. , Bushuev Alexander S. , Khasanov Movsar U. , Koriachkin Victor A. , Porkhanov Vladimir A.
Published: June 2022

AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of epidural analgesia as a component of pain relief on orthotopic liver transplantation.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-five patients who underwent orthotopic liver transplantation were examined. Epidural and opioid analgesics were used as a component of pain relief in groups 1 (n=24) and 2 (n=21), respectively. The following parameters were evaluated: intensity of postoperative pain, time of patient activation, incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting, time of onset of enteral nutrition, restoration of bowel function, incidence of postoperative acute respiratory failure, need for opioid analgesics, and length of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU).
RESULTS: Pain intensity and total postoperative need for tramadol and promedol were significantly lower in group 1 than in group 2. During the postoperative period, group 1 showed a decrease in postoperative nausea and vomiting, incidence of postoperative respiratory failure, and time spent in the ICU. No complications with the insertion and removal of the epidural catheter were observed.
CONCLUSION: The use of epidural blockade for liver transplantation significantly reduces the severity of pain syndrome, accelerates the recovery of bowel function, and shortens the length of ICU stay. The use of EA reduces the risk of PONV during the use of opioid analgesics and causes an early start of enteral nutrition. Therefore, epidural analgesics can be used as a component of pain relief in patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation.
Modified technique for proximal subclavicular brachial plexus block: study on unfixed cadavers
Authors: Tsvetkov Vasiliy G. , Lakhin Roman E. , Shchegolev Alexey V. , Shustrov Vyacheslav V. , Tsygankov Kirill A.
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND: The proximal subclavian brachial plexus block is performed deep and posterior to the midpoint of the clavicle. Only a few studies evaluated the spread of local anesthetic when using a proximal subclavian approach to the brachial plexus. We performed a cadaveric study to evaluate the spread of the injection after performing proximal subclavian brachial plexus block using ultrasound navigation.
AIM: To examine the spread of the stained solution in unfixed corpses, when it is administered using a modified technique of proximal subclavian access to the brachial plexus using ultrasound navigation.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Six ultrasound-guided injections were performed on three unfixed cadavers using 20 ml of a colored solution. The brachial plexus and its branches were distinguished from the level of the midpoint of the clavicle to the upper third of the shoulder. The boundaries of ink distribution in relation to the bundles and terminal branches of the brachial plexus from the intersection of the upper edge of the clavicle to the upper parts of the axillary region were assessed.
RESULTS: In all cases of dye spread, the lateral, posterior, and medial bundles of the brachial plexus were stained. Terminal branch staining varied and was limited to the proximal portions of these nerves. The dye spread to the interstellar space in 2 (33%) out of 6 (100%) injections and to the level of the upper edge of the clavicle in 4 (67%) injections. The axillary and radial nerves were stained in all injections, and the ulnar nerve was stained in 4 (67%) of 6 (100%) injections. The musculocutaneous and median nerves were stained in only 2 (33%) of 6 (100%) injections. No phrenic nerve staining was observed in any case.
CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of experiment results on unfixed cadavers, injection using a modified ultrasound-guided proximal subclavian approach can fill the fascial sheath surrounding the brachial plexus with the injection material, thus causing the dye to spread around all bundles of the brachial plexus to supraclavicular space. Additional research is needed to assess whether high injection volumes or multiple injection sites can affect distribution.
ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS OF MICRO-CONTAMINATION OF THE ENVIRONMENT WITH TETRACYCLINE
Authors: Paramonov Sergey , Zelikova Daria D. , Sklyarova Lyudmila V. , Alkhutova Inna M.
Published: June 2022

Review of environmental risks associated with the use of tetracycline. Micro-contamination with tetracycline has both medical risks associated with the manifestation of antibiotic resistance in bacterial communities, and environmental risks associated with changes in the transformation of substances in ecosystems and the impact on biodiversity by inhibiting certain species of plants, animals and microorganisms.Micro-contamination with tetracycline antibiotics entails a number of environmental risks. Due to the widespread use, the spread of tetracycline antibiotics in the environment has a global scale. The effect of tetracycline is observed in many objects. The spread of tetracycline is promoted by veterinary use, both directly and as a result of the use of animal waste as fertilizers for agricultural crops and pastures. As a result of the study, the following possible environmental consequences of micro-contamination of the environment with tetracycline were identified:1. Disruption of the work of bacteria included in the bacterial complex of activated sludge at sewage treatment plants using this technology, as well as during composting and affecting the processes of denitrification;2. Impacts on soil microbial communities by suppressing a number of processes of substance biodegradation and changing the biodiversity of microorganisms;3. The risks of micro-contamination of plant communities with tetracycline coming from organic fertilizers are associated with the inhibition of a number of root nutrition processes, species-specific for different crops;4. Microcontamination of marine communities with tetracycline is primarily associated with the impact on producers - algae and cyanobacteria, inhibiting their growth. And secondly, to the subsequent food chains by bioaccumulation in the tissues of vertebrates;5. The toxic effect of small doses of tetracycline from the soil on certain invertebrate species has been shown.
Yükseköğretimde Uygulamalı Eğitimler Çerçeve Yönetmeliği Programı Kapsamında Kur’an Kurslarında Yapılan Staj Programının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: AYDIN Yusuf , KARASU Teceli
Published: June 2022

Bu çalışma, 2021 yaz döneminde Cumhurbaşkanlığı Kariyer Merkezi tarafından yüksek din öğretimi öğrencilerine uygulama imkânı sağlayan staj uygulamasını konu edinmiştir. Çalışmada öğrencilerin ve danışmanlarının staja ilişkin görüşlerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada verilerin toplanması ve analizinde nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bu kapsamda Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığına bağlı cami ve Kur’an kurslarında staj eğitimi alan 15 öğrenci ve bu öğrencilere rehberlik yapan ve farklı illerde bulunan 10 Din görevlisi/ Kur’an kursu öğreticisi çalışma grubunu oluşturmuştur. Çalışma grubu belirlenirken Tipik Durum Örneklemesi yöntemi tercih edilmiştir. Öğrenciler staj sonunda, mesleki anlamda eksiklilerini fark etmiş, kimileri ise mesleğe yönelik olumlu tavır geliştirmiştir. Bununla birlikte staj uygulamasında kimi sıkıntıların olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu sıkıntıları, sınırlı sayıda öğrencilere staj hakkı tanınması, başvuru konusunda öğrencilerin geç bilgilendirilmesi, sürenin yetersiz olması, staj dosyasının içeriğinin belirgin olmayışı, uygulama birliğinin olmaması, staj danışmanları ile müftülük ve üniversite koordinatörleri arasında iletişimin yetersiz olması, danışmanların belirlenmesinde kriterlerin belirgin olmaması, danışmanlara kurs/ seminer verilmeyişi, öğrenci değerlendirme dosya içeriklerinin net olmaması, stajyer öğrencilerin tek başlarına ders yürütmek durumunda kalmaları şeklinde sıralamak mümkündür.
Kırâat-i Seb‘a İmamlarının Sîretleri Bağlamında Bir Kur’an Öğreticisinin Sahip Olması Gereken Özellikler
Authors: GÜLOĞLU Nazife Vildan
Published: June 2022

Bu çalışma, “kırâat-i seb‘a imamları” olarak tanınan yedi kıraat âliminin sîretlerini araştırmayı ve dolayısıyla bir Kur’an öğreticisinin nasıl olması gerektiği sorusuna cevap vermeyi hedeflemektedir. Araştırmada onların ilmî hayatlarındaki gayretleri ile maddî ve mânevî hususiyetleri tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu âlimlerin kıraatleri, sahih rivayetleri içermeleri ve halkın teveccühüne mazhar olmaları bakımından temayüz etmiştir. Kırâat-i seb‘a imamlarının kıraatten başka hadis, Arap dili ve İslâm hukuku sahalarında da bilgili oldukları görülmektedir. Özellikle onların güzel sesli, gayet fasih ve düzgün tilâvet sahibi kimseler oldukları anlaşılmaktadır. Onlar, teknik olarak daha çok semâ ve arz yöntemlerini kullanmışlardır. Nasihatleriyle öğrencilerini Kur’an öğrenimine hazır hâle getirme gibi hususları da ihmal etmemişlerdir. Gerek fizikî açıdan gerekse ahlâkî bakımdan Kur’an öğreticisine yakışır bir tutum içinde olmuşlardır. Onların, özellikle ilimleriyle amil kimseler oldukları söylenebilir. Sahip oldukları bilgi ve tecrübeyi, başkalarına aktarma konusunda da onlar, son derece gayretli ve fedakârdırlar. Bir Kur’an mualliminin de anlatılan özelliklere sahip olmaya çalışması ve hem fizikî hem de ahlâkî bakımdan Kur’an öğreticisine yakışmayan durumlardan kaçınması gerekir.
Kur’an’da ‘İn’ Edatının Farklı Şekillerde Kullanımı ve Mânâya Katkısı
Authors: IŞIK Şemsettin
Published: June 2022

Kur’an-ı Kerim, lafız ve mânâ itibariyle akıl ve düşünceleri kendisine hayran bırakan mükemmel bir kitaptır. Onun bu yönü, kendisine has bir üslûp ve dil yapısını beraberinde getirmiştir. Nitekim Yüce Allah, kullandmış olduğu Arap dil malzemesinin isim, fiil ve edat gibi çeşitli unsurlarıyla bir vahiy dili inşa etmiş ve ona kazandırdığı çeşitli belagat unsurlarıyla da zirveye taşımıştır. Buna katkı sağlayan öğelerden birisi de aynı şekilde yazılan ve mânâ itibariyle birbirinden farklı olan ‘in’ edatının kullanım biçimleri olmuştur. Bu edat, Kur’an-ı Kerim’in çeşitli yerlerinde ‘in-i muhaffefe’, ‘in-i nâfiye’, ‘in-i şartiyye’ ve ‘in-i zaide veya in-i vasliye’ olarak oldukça bol miktarda kullanılmıştır. Bu da bir yönüyle beyanı güzelleştirirken, diğer yönüyle de anlama bir tür zenginlik ve derinlik katmıştır.
Bu çalışmada, söz konusu edatın farklı şekillerdeki kullanımlarının daha kolay fark edilmesine katkı sağlayan hususları ve mânâya kazandırdıkları zenginlikleri çeşitli örnekler eşliğinde ele alıp inceledik. Bunun da ayetleri anlama ve yorumlama hususunda yapılan çalışmalara kendi ölçeğinde bir katkı sağlayacağını düşündük.
İslâm ve Diğer İlâhî Dinlerde Varlık Kategorisinde İnsan Onuru
Authors: ATCI İsa
Published: June 2022

Yoktan var edilmiş olan kevn-ü kâinat içerisinde insan, onurlu kılınmış bir varlıktır. Zira Allah onu özel bir formda yaratmış ve kendisine akıl ve irâde gibi müstesna özellikler bahşetmiştir. Yeryüzünün halifesi olarak nitelediği insanı, dünyadaki canlı ve cansız varlıklara hâkim kılmış ve her şeyi onun hizmetine sunmuştur. Kutsal metinlere bakıldığında insanın, “insan” olma vasfıyla bir onura sahip kılındığı görülmektedir. İlkten sahip kılındığı bu onuru daha da yüceltmek için Allah’a iman ve ibadetle yükümlü tutulan insanoğlu, onurunu kaybetmemek için de küfür ve isyandan sakındırılmıştır. Bu bağlamda insanın onurunu zedeleyecek zararlara uğramama hakkı olduğu gibi başkasına zarar vermeme yükümlülüğü de bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada insanın Allah tarafından yaratılan varlıklar içerisindeki onurlu konumu teyit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Yahudilik, Hıristiyanlık ve İslâm dininin kutsal metinlerinde “insan onuru” na ilişkin veriler tespit edilerek insanın sahip olduğu onurun esasen ilâhî kaynaklı olduğu dikkatlere sunulmuştur.
Why Cultural Diplomacy Is More Relevant—And More Challenging—Than Ever
Authors: Harvey William , Villalvazo Navarro Deyanira Fernanda
Published: June 2022

The authors, both violinists and founders of cultural diplomacy organizations, relate the challenges of conducting meaningful cultural diplomacy during a pandemic. Their work included video collaborations bringing together musicians from North America, Europe, Africa, and Asia; in-person work in the remote Sierra Tarahumara mountains of northern Mexico; and a unique project to promote the sustained livelihood and increased access of freedom and security of 326 Afghan musicians.
Inmate Perceptions: The Impact of a Prison Animal Training Program Background
Authors: Mims Debra , Waddell Rhondda , Holton Jessie
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the perceptions of jail inmates participating in the Paws and Stripes College program. The Paws and Stripes College program involves incarcerated inmates training local humane shelter canines’ obedience training techniques using the canine good citizen model as well as teaching the canines skills in which to participate as comfort/emotional support dogs. Using secondary data from self-report questionnaires completed by the inmates, this study sought to explore how the inmates felt before and after their exposure to the Paws and Stripes College program. Specifically, if the inmates felt that participation in the program was beneficial to them or not, and if so, how.
Comparative assessment of Demerijian\'s and Cameriere\'s dental age estimation in children - A panaromic radiographic study
Authors: Govindraju Poornima , Srivastava Aparna , Pachipulusu Balaji , Kumar T S Mahesh
Published: June 2022

Age estimation in children is a fundamental question in forensic medicine and in treatment planning. Estimation of age is required to answer a variety of legal questions like status of majority and criminal liability such as in child marriage, sexual harassment and in situations where birth data is lacking or doubted.

Various methods have been proposed for assessment of the dental maturation, but the most widely applied method is by Demirijian et al. Cameriere’s method is also used to assess chronological age in children with open apex. With this background, the present study was conducted to estimate the dental age of the children from open and closed apex.

240 digital panoramic radiograph of patients aged between 5 and 15 years were taken randomly Dental age estimation was performed using by Demirijians and Cameriere‘s method.

The mean difference between the chronological and dental age was found to be 3.93 and 0.17 for Demirijian’s and Cameriere’s age estimation method respectively. In Demirijian’s method, the accuracy was found more in older females where as in Cameriere’s method the accuracy was almost same in all the age groups and the precision was seen in males than in females, on comparison Cameriere’s age estimation method was more accurate than Demirijian’s method.

Dental maturity can be used to assess chronological age in children either by Demirijian’s or Cameriere’s method, Cameriere’s method was more accurate than Demirijian’s method.
The relationship between arch, loop and whorl fingerprint patterns with dental caries: A cross-sectional, descriptive institution-based study
Authors: Monpara Pooja C , Odedra Sima P , Shah Khushali H , Dodia Vaishali S , Pillai Jayasankar P , Yadav Sanjay
Published: June 2022

Fingerprint analysis for personal identification is well-known, as it is unique to all individuals and remains unchanged over a lifetime. Now it is getting identified as a useful tool in understanding the basic questions in genetics and is emerging as an independent field in dentistry as dermatoglyphics. This study is carried out to evaluate the association between dermatoglyphic pattern and dental caries.

The present study comprised total 200 individuals (100 male and 100 females) with age of 15 to 40 years, out of which 150 subjects included in group 1(with dental caries) and 50 individuals were included in group 2(without dental caries). DMFT score and fingerprint patterns of all 10 fingers were recorded in to proforma. These findings were tabulated and subjected to statistical analysis.

Nearly 57.5% of group 1 patients had whorl pattern in their fingers followed by Loop patterns (38.13%) and arch pattern (4.4%). But in caries free group the Loop pattern was more frequent (75%), followed by whorl (21%) and arch patterns (3.6%). There was a significant difference in the distribution of whorl and loop pattern between caries and caries free group (p<0.05). However, the arch pattern was not showing any significant difference in both the groups. The correlation analysis revealed significant negative and positive correlation for Loop and whorl pattern respectively when compared with the DMFT score. But the arch patterns were showing an insignificant negative correlation.

An attempt to evaluate the association between fingerprint patterns and DMFT score was made in this present study. An individual's susceptibility to dental caries increases with whorl pattern incidence and decreases with loop pattern incidence. Hence it may be concluded that, fingerprint pattern could indicate a person’s susceptibility to dental caries. This method may be considered as a non-invasive, cost-efficient, time saving method while screening of prevalence of dental caries. Also, it might serve as effective tool in prevention of dental caries.
Does the current generation’s smile esthetics hinge on social media and cosmetic makeover? A questionnaire-based study
Authors: Batra Puneet , Karkun Rohit
Published: June 2022

: Smile esthetics for today’s generation is an absolute necessity. It has been etched in people’s minds to present their best selves to gain acceptance from their peers. Social media with its filter/lens feature, photo editing options, and circulation of idealized celebrity photos have left a deep scar on the self-image of people. This has made individuals resort to cosmetic makeovers as a coping mechanism.

2 previously validated questionnaires were used. Specific items from both questionnaires were taken up which would fit the questionnaire while maintaining its essence. The final questionnaire was divided into 2 domains to understand the influence of social media and smile makeover individually. It comprised of 10 questions which were circulated via google form.

100 responses were received for the circulated questionnaire. For the social media domain, majority did not compare their smiles with that of others; were not very confident when it came to showing their smile on social media; often noticed the smile of others; and felt they had a good smile of their own. There was an even distribution when asked if they were conscious of their smile. For the cosmetic makeover domain, majority didn’t feel the need to get cosmetic procedures and were not influenced by social media into getting one.

Results showed social media to have a big influence on improving smile esthetics. However, the same cannot be said for the desire of getting a cosmetic makeover as the majority didn’t feel the need for it.
Central giant cell granuloma: A case report with review of literature
Authors: Saini Rajni , Puri Abhiney , Nangia Rajat , Bhardwaj Nandini
Published: June 2022

Central Giant Cell Granuloma is a rare, benign, proliferative non-neoplastic lesion of the jaw. This lesion constitutes about 10% of all the lesions of the jawbones. The aim of this article is to review a case report of central giant cell granuloma of the mandible in 44 year-old female patient with the chief complaint of pain and swelling in the left side of the mandible since1.5 months. The diagnosis was made using histopathological examination which revealed numerous multinucleated giant cells distributed in a highly cellular stroma.
Dense-in-dente in mesiodense: Report of a rare duet
Authors: Saawarn Nisheeth , Saawarn Swati , Ekka Rashmi Kiran , Srivastava Himangi
Published: June 2022

Dens invaginatus is a developmental anomaly resulting from invagination of a portion of crown (enamel organ) during odontogenesis. Mesiodens is a supernumerary tooth present in the midline of maxilla between two central incisors. Very few cases of Dens invaginatus have been reported in a mesiodense. Through this article we are presenting a rare case of dens invaginatus occurring in a bulbous mesiodense in a 19 year old boy along with an additional adjacent supernumerary tooth, and a review of literature regarding the same. The patient had presented with complains of unaesthetic appearance. The clinical, radiologic and histologic examination revealed presence of Dens invaginatus Type II. The literature search showed that co-existence of dens invaginatus in a supernumerary tooth is a rare occurrence. As per the available literature, 12 such cases have been reported out of which three have been reported in impacted mesiodens and 3 cases of occurrence of dens invaginatus in mesiodentes.
Are condylar repositioning devices required in bilateral sagittal split osteotomies?
Authors: Kshirsagar Rajesh Ashok , Singh Vikram , Sardeshmukh Amruta
Published: June 2022

Bilateral Sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) is used to correct malocclusion by mobilizing the mandible during orthognathic procedures surgically. Although the use of condylar positioning devices (CPDs) seems judicious, its effect on condylar position and relapse has not been studied in depth. A few of the limitations are the precision of such devices, along with the added amount of time to the procedure. The outcomes of the CPDs may lead to the paralysis of the muscles of mastication, malalignment of the bone segments, and deranged position of condyle due to the inadvertent force used to bring the jaws into occlusion. Thus, an effort was made to compare the merits and demerits of manual repositioning with those of CPDs.
Morphometric Analysis Sacral Hiatus of Dry Scapula in Iranian Population
Authors: Bayat Parvindokht , Khosrobeigi Ali
Published: June 2022

Background: Caudal epidural block (CEB) has been widely used to treat lumbar spine disorders, to manage chronic low back pain, and to provide analgesia and anesthesia in operations such as labor pain and orthopedic and genital surgeries. The CEB technique depends on the precise location of the sacral hiatus (SH) through which access to the sacral epidural space is obtained. For optimal access to the sacral epidural space, accurate knowledge of the SH descriptive profile is required.
Methods: The study was performed on 23 sacrum bones. All bones were of Iranian (Persian) origin. Bones that were worn, corroded, broken, or had any anatomical problems were excluded. The parameters were measured: Sacral hiatus Length, distance between base of hiatuse-S2, liner distances between apex of sacral hiatus till right and left ends of lateral sacral crest were measured. Distance between Apex of sacral hiatus till S2, Antherio-posterior diameter of SH and location of sacral hiatus and types of SH.
Results: This study showed that the highest type of sacral hiatus in Iranians with a frequency of 38% is inverted V shape and the lowest type of deficiency shape is with a frequency of 4.8%. The position of sacral hiatus in the Iranian sacrum showed that the highest position was with a frequency of 45% in front of the sacral vertebra 4 and the lowest case in front of the third sacral with a frequency of 15%. The height of sacral hiatus was the highest case with a height of 21-30 mm (50% or cases 9). Anterior-posterior diameter of sacral hiatus was 4-6 mm in The most common case 75% or cases 15. It was shown that the mean distances between S2 till apex of the sacral hiatus 56.65 mm and the mean distance between S2 till base of the sacral hiatus is 36.85 mm.
Conclusion: Successful application CEB enables comfortable anesthesia for patients and helps them to resume an active life soon. Accurate understanding of the SH location is important to reduce the risk of intraoperative as well as damage to vital structures. The present study aimed to determine positional changes and measure SH distances. Also, the aim of this study was to determine SH landmark points, perform accurate and standard morphometric measurements and calculate safe SH areas in CEB application.
Intravenous Locoregional Anesthesia: An Alternative of Choice in a Country with Limited Resources (Abidjan- Cote d'Ivoire)
Authors: Paterne Mobio Nkan Michael , Kouame Koffi Isidore , Yapi Francis N'Guessan , Judith Bouh Kouesseu , Konan Kouassi Jean , Soro Lacina
Published: June 2022

Background: ALRIV, a simple, reliable, inexpensive and easily reproducible technique, is still little practised in sub-Saharan Africa. The objective of this study is to describe our practice in order to popularize this anesthetic technique.
Methods: This was a prospective and descriptive study covering a 12-month period. All patients admitted for surgical management of upper limb except the arm and lower limb except the thigh were included. The parameters studied were epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic, anaesthetic and evolutionary.
Results: We selected 73 patients out of 675 (10.81%). The majority of the patients were seen in the framework of a regulated surgery against only 13.69% in emergency. The operative indications were: removal of osteosynthesis materials (52.05%), limb osteosynthesis (43.83%) and phlegmon evacuation (4.10%). The double tourniquet technique was used in (93.15%). Lidocaine 0.5% was used at a dose of 0.5ml/kg. The average duration of the procedures was 57.28 minutes. Postoperatively, all our patients received multimodal analgesia. In the postoperative monitoring room, 64.38% of patients did not experience any discomfort or pain.
Conclusion: ALRIV is a simple technique of peripheral local anaesthesia that is easy to teach, consistently effective and inexpensive.
Evaluation of Lateral Head Rotation on Eficacy of Face Mask Ventilation during Induction of Anesthesia in Children
Authors: Ebrahim Soltani Alireza , Karjalian Mohammad Amin , Majidi Fazeleh , Saatchi Mohammad , Khajavi Mohammad Reza
Published: June 2022

Background: The head's position during mask ventilation on the time of anesthesia induction in children may improve the lung ventilation.
Aim: Current study was designed to verify whether lateral head rotation improves face mask ventilation efficiency during anesthesia induction in children.
Methods: Fifty-six patients aged 1-4 years, candidate for elective surgery, were randomly divided into two equal groups. During induction of general anesthesia, face mask lung ventilation of patients continued with pressure-controlled mode, at a peak pressure level of 10 cmH2O for children 13-24 months and 14cmH20 for children 24-48 month. In patients in the N group, the head position during ventilation was initially in the neutral position for one minute, then the head was axially rotated 45-degree to the right position for one minute and pulmonary ventilation continued in this position, then the head was rotated again to the neutral position and ventilation continued for one minute. In group R patients, mode and time of ventilation was the same, but the order of head placement was first in the lateral rotated to the right, then neutral and then lateral rotated to the right. The primary outcome was the measurement of expiratory tidal volume in each position.
Results: Generally, the mean measured expiratory tidal volume did not change in the neutral position compared to laterally rotated head position, 256.6 vs. 233.5 ml: difference -23.1 [95% confidence interval: 10.8 to 39.4 ml]. Also, the change of head position from lateral to neutral position did not show a significant change in the mean expiratory tidal volume, 232.28 vs.247.86 ml: difference -15 .82 (p= 0.4).
Conclusion: The rotation of the head to the lateral position during induction of anesthesia in apnoeic children 1-4 years old could not improve the efficiency of mask ventilation relative to the neutral head position.
Comparison of Emergency Trauma Score (EMTRAS) with Rapid Emergency Medicine Score (REMS) for Prediction of Early Mortality in Adult Trauma Patients
Authors: Kumar Gautam , Kaur Ranvinder , Yadav Rupesh , Kachru Nisha
Published: June 2022

Background: Trauma is an injury to living tissue from an external source. The severity of traumatic injuries plays a crucial role in the determination of mortality in patients with trauma, thus a proper understanding of the severity of trauma is very important for improving trauma care. Several scoring systems are available for the objective, initial assessment of the severity of injury to help treatment strategy. Aim of the study was to compare Emergency Trauma Score (EMTRAS) with Rapid Emergency Medicine Score (REMS) for prediction of early mortality in adult trauma patients.
Methods: Study was conducted with 100 patients of either sex, age 18 years or above with history of trauma due to road accident, fall and assault. REMS and EMTRAS score was calculated from the laboratory and patient characteristics mentioned in the Trauma scoring datasheet, within 30 minutes of arrival of the patient in the hospital and 24 hours after hospitalization.
Results: Comparison of the REMS score within 30 mins of patient arrival and at 24 hrs was statistically significant (p=0.0099). Comparison of EMTRAS SCORE Within 30 mins of patient arrival and at 24 hrs was not statistically significant (p=0.0505). Comparison of REMS vs Outcome at 24 hrs (Non-Survivors and Survivors) was statistically significant (p=<0.0001). Comparison of EMTRAS vs Outcome at 24 hrs (Non-Survivors and Survivors) was statistically significant (p=<0.0001). Comparison of AUROC (Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristics) of REMS and EMTRAS were 0.689 and 0.789 respectively, which was statistically significant.
Conclusion: We conclude that both REMS and EMTRAS are easy, accurate predictors of in-hospital early mortality in Adult Trauma Patients. But in our study, EMTRAS AUROC was greater than AUROC of REMS. Hence EMTRAS should have good prognostic power for predicting in-hospital early mortality in Adults Trauma patients.
Comparative Evaluation of Dexmedetomidine and Magnesium Sulphate in Mitigating Pressor Response while Extubation in Patients undergoing Mastoidectomies
Authors: Deshpande Jyoti Pushkar , Panse Neha Amey , Madke Eetasha Kailas
Published: June 2022

Background: Ear surgeries performed under general anaesthesia mandate smooth emergence after surgery to facilitate a good surgical outcome. We conducted this study with primary objective of comparing dexmedetomidine and magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) in attenuating extubation response after mastoid surgeries. The secondary outcome was to study the adverse effects if any.
Methods: Sixty patients of ASA grade I and II, aged 18 -50 yrs were randomized into 2 groups of 30 each receiving either dexmedetomidine 0.5μg/kg or MgSO4 30 mg/kg respectively 10 minutes prior to completion of surgery. Efficacy of both drugs in attenuating cough reflex, PONV, shivering and fluctuations in haemodynamic response were recorded. Postoperative sedation was noted. Any laryngospasm, bronchospasm, hypotension, bradycardia, desaturation was also noted.
Statistical analysis: The observations were recorded and analysed using statistics calculator SPSS 19.00 version. Student’s t test and χ2 (chi square) test were used to analyze quantitative and qualitative data respectively. P-value<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The variations in systolic, diastolic blood pressure and heart rate were significantly less with dexmedetomidine as compared to MgSO4 (p<0.01).  Incidence of coughing (p=0.002), PONV(p=0.002), was less with dexmedetomidine while shivering control was similar in both groups, the sedation was more with dexmedetomidine (p=0.004). Patients with dexmedetomidine infusion were more satisfied in terms of reduced nausea sensation, drowsiness.
Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine provides a smoother recovery profile as compared to MgSO4 when administered prior to extubation improving the surgical outcome and patient satisfaction in patients undergoing mastoidectomies.
To Determine the Clinical Efficacy of COVID Vaccine in Post Vaccinated Individuals with Severe Pneumonia in Preventing ICU Mortality in a COVID Designated Tertiary Care Centre: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Vaidiyanathan Bhavani , Dhanger Sangeeta , Raajesh Joseph , Bhat Ravindra , Natrajan Pratheeba , Paulose Deepak , Remadevi Ravindran
Published: June 2022

Background: The "Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 disease has caused globally a challenging and threatening pandemic (COVID-19), with massive health and economic losses [1]. In India national vaccination campaigns kick started officially on January 16, 2021, and the vaccines were prioritized for frontline workers and susceptible groups. Individual vaccination can prevent or minimise a number of outcomes, including lab confirmed infection, symptomatic illness, infectivity rate, or a combination of these [2-3]. India had initially approved two vaccines under the trade name Covishield and Covaxin against COVID. Aim: Demonstrate the efficacy of a single / two -dose schedule of COVID vaccine in the prevention of ICU mortality.
Methods: In this retrospective study, we included all COVID 19 confirmed patients who were admitted in covid designated ICU from March 15 to July 31 2021. Demographic, clinical, laboratory and radiological data were collected from all patients received in ICU. Primary outcome was to assess the mortality outcome in vaccinated COVID patients. Secondary outcome measured were to find an association between severity of the pneumonia and comorbidities, PaO2/Fio2 ratio, Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio, D dimer and CT severity score.
Results: 319 patients were enrolled in the study. 252 patients were not vaccinated.59 had received the first dose and 8 patients had received both the doses. The mortality among vaccinated patients were less compared to nonvaccinated and significant (p value 0.030). Mortality among single and double dose vaccinated patients couldn’t be made out because only 8 patients had received both the doses. Among the demographic profile, difference in age between vaccinated and unvaccinated was statistically significant. (64.39 ±11.916/ 54.18±14.124 p<.001. Among comorbidities hypertension, diabetes, obesity was associated with significant mortality. Admission saturation and mean PaO2/FiO2 ratio were high among vaccinated and significant. Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio, D dimer CT severity score were high among non vaccinated compared to vaccinated. There is no difference in mode of oxygen delivery in both vaccinated and non vaccinated patient. Days of ICU stayal was less among vaccinated.
Conclusion: Effectiveness of vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 infection after the first dose of immunisation is convincingly evident. However second dose of immunization should be continued to attain total protection.