bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
I'd Like to Teach the World to Think
Authors: Moskowitz Howard , Jyotsna  , Sciacca Andi , Lester Andrew
Published: December 2020

At the time of this writing, 2017, there is noticeable reduction in the perceived ability of people to think critically. Both the popular press and the scientific/professional literature recognize this worldwide drop. This chapter presents the use of experimental design of ideas, conjoint measurement, originally a tool used in marketing, as a tool to inspire creative thinking. The chapter presents the approach and application of conjoint measurement as a tool for discovery, and then delineates a new computer APP, Big Mind, as user friendly to enhance critical thinking. Big Mind embodies conjoint measurement to help researchers study topics, uncover new substantive findings, and learn to think critically as an outcome from the process.
Transformational Shifts of Pedagogy Through Professional Development, Essential Questions, and Self-Directed Learning
Authors: Cypret-Mahach Ronda
Published: December 2020

This chapter describes transformational experiences of a faculty of teachers during a yearlong action-research case-study of professional development, infused with digital technologies intended to capitalize on self-directed learning strategies, in the use of essential questions specifically designed to target critical thinking in students. Teachers who began to adopt the essence of essential questioning into their teaching practice also began to seek ways to engage in personalized self-directed learning as they looked for avenues to continue development of successful practice. The ability to self-investigate and self-delineate pedagogy was critical for most of participant teachers. The faculty of teachers involved in the action-research case-study demonstrated statistically significant growth on the Measure of Questioning Skills, indicating the experience encouraged teacher growth in questioning abilities. Research data also reflected statistically significant student growth in STAR Reading and STAR Math scores, and an increase in student's Measure of Questioning Skills.
Contribution to the knowledge of the endemic Australian genus Binburrum Pollock, 1995 (Coleoptera: Pyrochroidae: Pilipalpinae), with description of three new species
Authors: Hsiao Yun , Pollock Darren A.
Published: December 2020

Binburrum Pollock, 1995 is a small group of fire-coloured beetles (Tenebrionoidea: Pyrochroidae: Pilipalpinae) endemic to Australia with five described species. Herein, three new species of Binburrum – B. articuno (southeastern South Australia), B. moltres (northeastern Queensland, Australia), and B. zapdos (northeastern Queensland) – are described based on comparative anatomy, highlighting the underestimated diversity of this genus. Binburrum angusticollis Pollock, 1995 is newly recorded from New South Wales, Australia. Descriptions of new species are supplemented with digital photographs and scientific illustrations of habitus and salient structures. A key for the identification of Binburrum is provided.
Twenty years of histochemistry in the third millennium, browsing the scientific literature
Authors: Pellicciari Carlo
Published: December 2020

Over the last twenty years, about 240,000 articles where histochemical techniques were used have been published in indexed journals, and their yearly number has progressively increased. The histochemical approach was selected by researchers with very different scientific interests, as the journals in which these articles were published fall within 140 subject categories. The relative proportion of articles in some of these journal categories did change over the years, and browsing the table of contents of the European Journal of Histochemistry, as an example of a strictly histochemical journal, it appeared that in recent years histochemical techniques were preferentially used to mechanistically investigate natural or experimentally induced dynamic processes, with reduced attention to purely descriptive works. It may be foreseen that, in the future, histochemistry will be increasingly focused on studying the molecular pathways responsible for cell differentiation, the maintenance or loss of the differentiated state, and tissue regeneration.
Simulation of the spatial distribution of urban populations based on first-aid call data
Authors: Zhou Yinan , Zhu Qin Zhong , Luo Li
Published: December 2020

We examined the feasibility of estimating the spatial distribution of urban populations based on first-aid calls based on one high-density place, the Shanghai urban area and one low-density place, the Nanhai District of Foshan City in Guangdong Province. We aggregated the population and the total number of first-aid calls on digital maps divided by grids based on a Geographic Information System (GIS). Geographically weighted regression was applied to test the correlation between the population distribution simulated by first-aid call data and the actual residency. The impact of different population densities, different grid cell sizes and different types of first-aid calls on simulation correlation were tested. We found that the use of first-aid call data could explain 60-95% of the actual population distribution in Shanghai using a grid with 1000*1000 m cell size, while the Nanhai experience was that first-aid calls could only explain 4-76% of the actual population distribution using a grid with 2000*2000 m cell size. Thus, the higher the population density, the better the simulation effect. For a high-population density area, the overall accuracy of simulation can reach as high as 0.878 at the 1-km2 resolution. However, there are different kinds of first-aid calls and for the best estimation of the population distribution in densely populated areas, we suggest using first-aid calls from people requiring acute medical care rather than all first-aid call data.
Athletic Trainers' Knowledge and Practice Application of Public Health Topics
Authors: Winkelmann Zachary K. , Games Kenneth E. , Rivera Matthew J. , Neil Elizabeth R. , Eberman Lindsey E.
Published: December 2020

Context

Athletic training is at the forefront of the prevention of injury and illness. As the push for population-level approaches continues, including the expansion of standards related to professional preparation, there is a need to examine the knowledge and practice application of public health topics of athletic trainers (ATs), as they may serve as role models or preceptors.

Objective

To assess ATs' knowledge and practice application of public health topics.

Design and Setting

Online survey with knowledge assessment.

Participants

Four hundred eighty-seven ATs (age = 35.8 ± 11.1 years, years credentialed = 12.8 ± 10.6) voluntarily participated.

Intervention(s)

The instrument included a demographic section, a pre and post perceived-knowledge assessment, a practice-behavior frequency matrix, and the Public Health Assessment Tool (PHAT) developed by the authors and Delphi panelists.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Measures of central tendency were calculated for the practice-behavior frequency matrix. Perceived knowledge was compared pre- and post-PHAT. We calculated a total PHAT score to measure actual knowledge, and compared perceived and actual knowledge to determine if a knowledge gap existed.

Results

A significant difference (P > .001) was identified for perceived knowledge before and after the PHAT. On the PHAT, participants scored 12.14 ± 2.21 out of 19. The 3 most commonly missed questions directly related to the 3 least practiced topics: social determinants of health, assessing environmental health factors, and assessing health-related quality of life. When exploring the relationship between perceived and actual knowledge, we identified a weak, significant relationship between post-PHAT perceived-knowledge mean and actual-knowledge assessment scores (r = 0.105, P = .022).

Conclusions

A knowledge gap exists concerning public health topics in ATs. A lack of knowledge related to public health topics identifies the need for ATs to be mindful of the intersection of daily clinical practice and population health with a future emphasis on deploying community-based health promotion.
Критерии принадлежности функции $p$-вариационному пространству Бесова
Authors: Volosivets Sergei Sergeevich , Krayukhin S A
Published: December 2020

В статье изучаются необходимые и достаточные условия
принадлежности функции пространству Бесова, построенному
с помощью пространства $V_p$ функций ограниченной $p$-вариации.
Эти условия выражены в терминах приближений функций
частными суммами Фурье и средними Фейера, а также норм производных
этих приближающих полиномов в $V_p$.
Библиография: 17 названий.
NGHIÊN CỨU NGUYÊN NHÂN CỦA VẾT NỨT THẲNG ĐỨNG XUẤT HIỆN TRÊN CÁC TRỤ CẦU BÊ TÔNG CỐT THÉP DẠNG RẺ QUẠT
Authors: QUANG DŨNG NGUYỄN , CHÂU PHƯƠNG NGÔ
Published: December 2020

Trụ cầu dạng tường rẻ quạt bê tông cốt thép thường đã được sử dụng rộng rãi trong các cầu vượt đô thị ở các nút giao khác mức tại Việt Nam do có ưu điểm về mỹ quan và tiết kiệm vật liệu. Tuy nhiên trong quá trình thi công cũng như khai thác, loại trụ này đã xuất hiện vết nứt thẳng đứng tại khu vực giữa đỉnh trụ ở nhiều công trình. Bài báo này trình bày kết quả nghiên cứu giải thích nguyên nhân xuất hiện vết nứt thẳng đứng trụ cầu dạng tường rẻ quạt bằng mô hình chống giằng, phương pháp phần tử hữu hạn và đối chiếu với số liệu đo đạc thực tế nhằm đề xuất phương pháp thiết kế phù hợp cho các công trình tương tự trong tương lai.
Role of Stakeholders in Heritage Management in Bangladesh: A Case Study of Mahasthangarh
Authors: Khan Mohammad Mahmudul Hasan
Published: December 2020

The notion of stakeholders is becoming increasingly significant in heritage management activities and planning. It is commonly argued that individuals, groups, organizations, environs, societies, institutions, and even the natural environment can be potential stakeholders. However, most of the case heritage sites are impacted and concerned by particular stakeholders such as the local community, regional government, and NGOs. Every project has stakeholders who can influence or be influenced by the project in a positive or negative manner.
 Mahasthangarh and its environs are a potential heritage site of South Asia that helps understand the chronological history and cultural development of Bengal Civilization. Like many other heritage sites in Bangladesh, Mahasthangarh faces serious threats and challenges which are damaging and waning its outstanding universal value of tangible and intangible heritage. Since site managers involve potential key stakeholders to enhance the sustainable heritage management, planning, reduce the possibility of conflict, increase the stakeholders’ ownership through regular communication, raising awareness, educational activities, and building campaigns, and to augment the community’s trust in heritage management; without the effective role of stakeholders, the outcomes are precarious and can be catastrophic. The paper will demonstrate the possibilities of using the roles of stakeholders as potential tools for safeguarding and managing the heritage site by using Mahasthangarh and its environs as a case study.
Comparative Study On Cloud Computing Simulation Platforms
Authors: Alshathri Samah
Published: December 2020

Experimentation in a real environment is quite problem due to the high financial cost and the time required to accomplish it. Above all that, the tests are not repeatable, because many variables cannot be controlled with in the test, which may affect the results. Therefore, using simulation frameworks to evaluate cloud applications is preferred. It is extremely difficult to use real infrastructures for benchmarking the application performance (throughput, cost benefits) under inconstant conditions. Therefore, we cannot execute benchmarking experiments using real-world Cloud environments. To overcome this challenge, the use of simulation tool is the best applicable choice to the developers with substantial resources and parallelized execution. These simulation tools offer the researchers the chance to evaluate the hypothesis in a measured environment and simply emulate the output results. This paper have reviewed and classified the most updates and extends simulation platforms in cloud computing and gave examples on each.
Modeling and Supervision of Natural Gas Station in a Thermal Power Plant
Authors: Lakhoua M. N.
Published: December 2020

This paper presents the need for structured analysis and real time (SA-RT) method of control-command applications in a thermal power plant (TPP) using a supervisory control and data acquisition systems (SCADA). Then, the architecture of a SCADA system in a TPP in Tunisia is presented. A significant example of a control-command application in a TPP in Tunisia is presented. It is about the natural gas station of the TPP. Then an application of a structured analysis method in a TPP, generally used in industry, on the basis of the SA-RT formalism is presented. In fact, different modules are presented: Context Diagram, Data Flows Diagram, Control Flows Diagram, State Transition Diagram, Timing Specifications and Requirements Dictionary. Finally, this functional and operational analysis allows us to assist the different steps of the specification, the programming and the configuration of a new tabular in a SCADA system of the natural gas station.
The morphostructure of Oxalis incarnata bulbs
Authors: Zhila Alla , Tymchenko Olga
Published: December 2020

The morphostructure of the bulbs of Oxalis incarnata in the conditions of dormancy and the plant’s growth and development are described. The plants were grown in two irrigation modes: 1) with regular irrigation during the year, and 2) with limited irrigation in March-October and without irrigation in November-February. The bulbs were analyzed by way of consequent detaching of the scales. Investigated bulbs always had four fleshy scales, while the number of coriaceous and membranous scales varied. Coriaceous scales, together with two fleshy outer scales, make a protective envelope of the bulb.The overground shoot of O. incarnata, just like in other species of the genus, demonstrates monopodial growth and can produce up to five levels of lateral branches. Elongated parts of overground shoots serve for new territories’ useful occupation, while shortened parts produce new particles. Resting buds (bulbils) of three types were observed in O. incarnata: underground axillary buds, overground axillary gemmae, and terminal gemma. Our investigations showed polyvariance both of organogenesis of the resting buds and ontogenesis of plants in general, depending on irrigation regimes. In the case of limited irrigation, the plants of O. incarnata shed the leaves and can produce terminal gemma. While in the case of regular irrigation during the year, they remain evergreen and form gemmae exclusively in the leaves’ axils. We did not observe the formation of terminal gemmae in the case if axillary gemmae were present.The root system of O. incarnata has a complex structure. It consists of two crowns of the filamentary roots, contractile roots, and additional adventitious roots located along the underground part of the shoot during its growth. Such structure of the root system probably ensures better absorption of the water.
Perspectives of the legislation on the Red Book of Ukraine development
Authors: Vasyliuk Olexiy
Published: December 2020

The principal legislative document regulating the protection of the plants and animal species in Ukraine is the Law of Ukraine “On the Red Book of Ukraine”. However, Ukrainian legislation related to the Red Book of Ukraine (RBU) is not agile. It does not react to the modern challenges and does not operate by new opportunities provided, for example, through the Law “On Environmental Impact Assessment”. Environmental impact assessments (EIA) are required for many management activities, including woodcutting, mining, and melioration, and should protect the environment. On the other side, unfortunately, the section “Impact on flora and fauna” in EIA reports often prepared superficially and formally. This section usually does not contain real research results and does not offer real measures for the protection of endangered species. Since today, there are no known cases when the EIA report was issued considering the real conservation needs of the species listed in the RBU.This letter proposes introducing several amendments to the legislation on the RBU, which are required for its integration into the EIA. First, it is proposed to introduce individual protection requirements for each species included in the RBU, which will allow the implementation of appropriate environmental conditions in the EIA conclusions. Secondly, it is proposed to introduce the responsibility for conserving species for users and owners of sites where coenopopulations, individuals (for plants), or permanent habitats (for animals) of the RBU species are located. Third, it is proposed to introduce a mechanism for documenting the location of the RBU species. These changes would make it possible to identify specific legal entities and individuals for whom species protection obligations and the penalties for disturbance will be imposed.
Distribution of species of the genus Stipa in Ukraine according to phytosociological databases
Authors: Kuzemko Anna , Vynokurov Denys , Shyriaeva Dariia
Published: December 2020

The paper presents the current distribution of species of the genus Stipa in Ukraine based on the data from phytosociological databases. The main objectives were to produce maps of distribution and to determine the affinity of Stipa species to EUNIS habitat classification units.We succeeded in selecting the relevés with the participation of 16 out of 27 species of the genus Stipa recognized as a species in the “Nomenclature checklist of higher vascular plants of Ukraine”. A total of 4888 relevés with the presence of Stipa were found. Stipa capillata has the most significant presence in the data set among other species of the genus. It was found in 38.1 % of relevés. This species occupies second place in the analyzed data set by the Percentage Frequency and third place by Average Non-Zero Cover. According to the analysis of the distribution maps, it was established that S. capillata is a widespread species in the Forest-Steppe and the Steppe zones of Ukraine. Stipa lessingiana also has a significant distribution but is limited mainly to the Steppe zone. Both S. borysthenica and S. tirsa are significantly less present in the databases than reported in the literature, particularly in the Red Book of Ukraine and Green Book of Ukraine. Other species of the genus have limited distribution. Analysis of the habitat affinity of Stipa species showed that they occur in ten types of grassland habitats of the third level of the hierarchy according to the new version of the EUNIS classification. The vast majority of species have an ecological optimum in R1B – Continental dry grassland (true steppe). Stipa capillata has the widest amplitude in different habitat types. Also, a wide range of habitat types is characteristic for S. pulcherrima, S. lessingiana, S. pennata, and S. ucrainica. Species that are poorly represented in the dataset (S. zalesskii, S. transcarpatica, S. adoxa, S. asperella, and S. dasyphylla) occur in a few or only one habitat type.Hence, our study shows that the vast majority of Stipa species in Ukraine are rare and need protection at the national level. However, the presence of S. capillata in the sample was very high. It was found in almost all types of dry grassland habitats, as well as in petrophytic, shrub, and even anthropogenic habitats. This is evidence of the high adaptability of the species and its wide ecological and coenotic amplitude. Our study results confirm the idea that S. capillata does not meet the criteria for inclusion to the national protection lists. It also suggests excluding this species from the Red Book of Ukraine, in case if the national legislation will regulate the protection of biodiversity at the superorganism level.
Epiphytic bryophytes of the State Dendrological Park “Olexandria” of the NAS of Ukraine
Authors: Pleskach Lyubov , Virchenko Vitaliy
Published: December 2020

Investigations of the species diversity of epiphytic bryophytes of the State Dendrological Park “Olexandria” (the historical part and the “Budynok Lisnyka” plot) were conducted in 2017–2019 and revealed 40 species representing 22 genera, 17 families, seven orders, two classes, and two divisions. This corresponds to 46.51 % of the total number of detected bryophytes in the park. The leading families in the bryoflora of the park are Orthotrichaceae (9 species), Brachytheciaceae (6), Amblystegiaceae (3), Anomodontaceae (3), Dicranaceae (3), Hypnaceae (3), and Pottiaceae (2). The leading genera are Orthotrichum (9 species), Anomodon (3), and Dicranum (3).Among the identified taxa, five species (Dicranum tauricum, Orthotrichum lyellii, Porella platyphylla, Sciuro-hypnum reflexum, and Syntrichia virescens) are regionally rare within the Forest-Steppe zone of Ukraine. Most of the recorded epiphytic mosses were found on the bark of Acer platanoides (28 species), Fraxinus excelsior (27), Quercus robur (26), Acer campestre (23), and Tilia cordata (22). The least epiphytic mosses were found on the bark of conifers (Pinus sylvestris, P. strobus, Picea abies, Larix decidua, etc.).The surveyed trees in the State Dendrological Park “Olexandria” were also found such epigeal mosses as Plagiomnium cuspidatum, Ceratodon purpureus, Dicranella heteromalla, and Pohlia nutans, as well as epixilic moss Dicranum flagellare, etc.The “Budynok Lisnyka” plot hosts three species that do not occur in the park’s historical part. In particular, Lophocolea heterophylla and Sciuro-hypnum curtum were found there on Quercus robur trunks and Sciuro-hypnum reflexum on Quercus rubra bark. At the same time, the historical part of the park is characterized by the number of expansive bryophytes.
Evaluación de metales pesados en ríos y truchas Oncorhynchus mykiss de la región Pasco, Perú.
Authors: González Aportela Odette , Murga Paulino Luis Rolando
Published: December 2020

La contaminación ambiental es una preocupación y ocupación de múltiples organizaciones, siendo la liberación de metales pesados uno de los problemas latentes que se investigan por su persistencia y capacidad de bioacumulación. La región Pasco es una zona con múltiples ríos e industrias mineras, lo cual conlleva a un seguimiento por parte de las autoridades competentes para determinar la calidad del agua. Al respecto, el objetivo de la presente investigación fue determinar la presencia de metales pesados en los ríos San Juan, Huallaga, Tingo Palca y la laguna de Punrún; así como en las truchas Oncorhynchus mykiss, cultivadas en piscigranjas locales. El estudio fue descriptivo transversal. Los resultados mostraron concentraciones por encima de los límites máximos permisibles de algunos metales en los ríos Tingo, San Juan y Huallaga, fundamentalmente por la presencia de mineras en el trayecto de estos, destacándose el río San Juan como el más contaminado. La laguna Punrún no mostró contaminación por metales pesados y las truchas evaluadas en las piscigranjas tuvieron valores por debajo de los límites establecidos, por lo que pueden ser consumidas sin riesgos. La determinación proactiva de metales pesados posibilita la toma de decisiones que impactan en la realidad de la población.
Firmicus Maternus and the Star of Bethlehem
Authors: Molnar Michael R.
Published: December 2020

The Mathesis of Julius Firmicus Maternus describes astrological aspects responsible for bestowing divinity and immortality. These conditions have been identified as the major astrological components of the Star of Bethlehem. Moreover, closer examination reveals that Firmicus juxtaposed pagan and Christian themes, which suggests he was a pagan making the transition to Christianity.
Stars and Spirituality in the Cosmology of Dante’s Commedia
Authors: Poss Richard L.
Published: December 2020

Combining Aristotelian and Platonic philosophy in a complex cosmological system, Dante employs astrology to provide contextual coherence for the reader on earth and for the pilgrim on his journey to God. Stars are spiritualized in the Commedia to provide glimpses of divinity, visible on Earth, from beyond the material world. Imbued with life, intelligence, and love, stars first guide then inspire the pilgrim in increasingly profound levels of meaning. This paper examines the relationship between the astronomical and cosmological functions of the stars and their metaphoric, poetic, and spiritual functions in the pilgrim’s journey.
Galileo, Astrologer
Authors: Favaro Antonio
Published: December 2020

Editor's Note: Until the 1990s, there was no published work on Galileo's astrology except for the two papers published here by Antonio Favaro in Italian. These are presented here in English translation for the first time. Part 1: 'Galileo Astrologo' Editor's Note: This trailblazing essay by Antonio Favaro was composed a decade before he first started to publish his twenty-volume Opere* of Galileo's complete works, and was published in the periodical Mente e Cuore in 1881. Greatly ignored by scholars, it has of late been alluded to by Poppi and Ernst. The footnotes differ from the original in being numbered sequentially through the whole article; endnotes are added by Nick Kollerstrom. Part 2: Mathematics at the University of Padua before Galileo Editor's Note: Padua was Europe's second oldest university, after Bologna. One seeks in vain for anything written about its chair of mathematics, beyond this single essay by Favaro. This neglect is presumably on account of the central role which it assigned to astrology, down through the centuries. Santillana's essay The Crime of Galileo makes what one must view as a fictional statement, that,when Galileo accepted the Chair at Padua in 1592, 'The chair of mathematics then covered the teaching of geometry, astronomy, military engineering, and fortification' . That could describe Padua's mathematics chair a century later, perhaps in the 18th century. The first two paragraphs of Favaro's essay are here translated, and in addition two of Galileo's letters about his mathematics lectures are here reproduced, showing that the students who attended them were either philosophers or medical doctors - the latter, in order to learn how to erect a horoscope for the onset of disease.
Astrology and Prophecy in Campanella and Galileo
Authors: Ernst Germana
Published: December 2020

In this essay some aspects of the relationship between Galileo and Campanella are analysed. Campanella held the scientist in high esteem. After reading his Sidereus Nuncius he sent to him a long Latin epistle and in 1616 he wrote the Apologia pro Galileo, in defence of the right of Galileo to abandon Aristotelian philosophy in order to read directly from the book of nature.As it is well known, prophecy and astrology played an important role in the thought of Campanella. As far as Galileo is concerned, notwithstanding his rejection of prophetical themes, he had some competence and interest in astrology. Many friends wrote to him to ask for horoscopes and to solve astrological problems derived from the recently discovered stars. His personal curiosity is proved by his outlining nativities for his friends, daughters and himself.
Astronomical and Astrological Terms in Ibn Ezra's Biblical Commentaries: A New Approach
Authors: Rodriguez-Arribas Josefina
Published: December 2020

Abraham ibn Ezra (Tudela, 1089/1092-1164/1167) was the most important writer of scientific treatises in Hebrew in the twelfth century; prior to him and his predecessor, Abraham bar Hiyya (d. after 1136), Arabic was the only language of scientific knowledge among Jews. After Ibn Ezra’s work, Hebrew became a language of science, and eventually of research, among the Jews of the Iberia Peninsula and Europe. This fact makes Ibn Ezra’s language, his choice of technical terms, and his linguistic agenda fascinating subjects that deserve more attention than received so far. Our purpose in this article is to distinguish Ibn Ezra’s strategies in coining technical terminology in the context of his biblical commentaries. The presence of astronomy and astrology in religious exegetical texts is not a feature exclusive to Ibn Ezra, but he is surely the most inclined (and effective) to find astronomical and astrological meanings in the biblical words
The Imperial Shrines of Ise: An Ancient Star Cult?
Authors: Teeuwen Mark
Published: December 2020

Japan's ancient imperial cult has consistently been understood to revolve around the figure of the sun-goddess and imperial ancestor Amaterasu. The symbolism of Amaterasu's shrine in Ise has been interpreted on the basis of this same premise. There is, however, one dissenting voice: the work of Yoshino Hiroko, who argues that behind the solar façade, imperial worship of Ise reflected an ancient star cult of Chinese origin. This paper finds arguments both for and against this daring hypothesis.
Manuel I Komnenos and Michael Glycas: A Twelfth-Century Defence and Refutation of Astrology
Authors: George Demetra
Published: December 2020

Manuel Komnenos, emperor of the Byzantine Empire from 1143-1180, utilized astrology in his political and personal life, as well as supporting translations of occult literature in his court. When the Church Patriarch presented Manuel with a letter from a simple monk claiming that the astrological teaching was a sacrilege, Manuel could not allow a charge of heresy to be leveled against him. He composed a defense of astrology, asserting that it was compatible with Christian doctrine. This treatise is his only surviving document, and this is the first time that it has been translated from the Greek into any language since its composition in the 12th century. The commentary takes up specific points for clarification. The next issue of Culture and Cosmos will contain the text of its refutation by Manuel's nemesis Michael Glykas, a learned theologian.
Luis Vilhena and the World of Astrology
Authors: Douglas Graham
Published: December 2020

This article consists of a translation of the introduction and conclusion to Luis Rodolfo Vilhena’s book, O Mundo da Astrologia: Estudo Antropológico (The World of Astrology: an Anthropological Study), published by Jorge Zahar Editor (Rio de Janeiro, 1990), as part of the series: Coleção Antropologia Social, edited by Gilberto Velho, here translated and introduced by Graham Douglas.
How the Sun Stood Still: Old English Interpretations of Joshua and the Leap Year
Authors: Pesic Peter
Published: December 2020

The Leofric Missal (late ninth- or early tenth-century French-English) explains that the ‘sun stood still’ for Joshua at Gibeon because the battle occurred on leap day, precisely when, in the Roman calendar, two consecutive days had the same date. A tenth-century Old English text by Ælfric also mentions and critiques this ‘priestly’ computistical explanation.
Astrologers at War: Manuel Galhano Lourosa and the Political Restoration of Portugal, 1640–1668
Authors: Camenietzki Carlos Ziller , Carolino Luís Miguel
Published: December 2020

This paper analyses the involvement of the astrologer Manuel Galhano Lourosa in the restoration of political independence of Portugal from Spain between 1640 and 1668. Lourosa was the most successful astrologer and almanac maker in seventeenth-century Portugal. He published astrological almanacs for several decades, wrote an astrological and astronomical treatise on comets, and addressed astrological writings to Portuguese society urging support for the new political order that issued from the revolution of 1640. Some of these writings were consistent with the feelings of the urban professional and mercantile classes. We argue that, by publishing and using his social prestige in favour of the Restoration cause, Lourosa used the sphere of public opinion to act politically along with the interests of the urban middle class.
Astrology’s Role in New Age Culture: A Research Note
Authors: Campion Nick
Published: December 2020

The practice of, or belief in, astrology is generally considered a central feature of modern New Age culture. Research conducted by Stuart Rose in the 1990s contradicted this assumption. This paper does not argue that astrology is a New Age discipline, but challenges Rose’s methodology and his reasons or arguing that it is not New Age. The paper reports on research relying on two other measures by used Rose to argue that astrology can be New Age but does not have to be New Age.
Yunus: Miskin Visi dan Tidak Misioner?
Authors: Yohanes Sukirdi , Damarwanti Seri
Published: December 2020

Yunus adalah bukan model ideal yang dipilih untuk mendapatkan pelajaran bagaimana seharusnya orang Kristen bermisi. Respon yang bertentangan dengan panggilan sebagai hamba Tuhan menjadi kajian yang menarik untuk mengetahui latar belakang yang membentuk sikapnya. Prinsip-prinsip yang dipaparkan dalam penulisan ini membawa pada kondisi yang paradoksal antara idealisme bermisi dengan keadaan di lapangan. Melalui prinsip hermeneutika, khususnya analisa kesusateraan, analisa latar belakang, analisa redaksi, analisa konteks dan teologis, dicoba dipakai untuk mencari jawaban atas masalah pada sikap Yunus yang bertolak belakang dari tugasnya sebagai Nabi Allah. Termuan akhir dari tulisan ini adalah pada semakin kokohnya eksistensi Allah sebagai Allah yang memberi kesempatan bagi manusia yang bertobat, yang diwujudkan dalam pengampunan, penerimaan, pembatalan akan hukuman, dan pemulihan hubungan dengan manusia. Prinsip praktis yang ditarik dari pembahasan menjadi standar bagaimana orang Kristen seharusnya merespon melalui ketundukan pada otoritas Allah.
O cartaz #elenão como etiqueta comunicacional e de insurgência
Authors: Souza Santos Gustavo
Published: December 2020

Em setembro de 2018, o movimento #EleNão se difundiu pelos 27 distritos brasileiros e algumas cidades do exterior em protesto contra a agenda política do então candidato à presidência da República Jair Bolsonaro. Um cartaz de origem digital, amplamente difundido nas redes sociais e em materiais gráficos, com a vocalização "Ele Não" tornou-se a etiqueta de insurgência para a mobilização em rede.  A proposta do trabalho foi refletir esta perspectiva considerando a enunciação de vocabulários, palavras de efeito e estéticas políticas nas mobilizações contemporâneas e suas possíveis relações com os sujeitos, sua agência e os espaços de mobilização reticulada.
Mortalidade infantil em municípios da microrregião da Serra Geral, Minas Gerais
Authors: Souza Santos Warlleis , Leite Dias João Victor , Helder Rocha Pires Herton
Published: December 2020

Vários indicadores de saúde têm sido utilizados como instrumento para o monitoramento da qualidade de vida das populações. Entre estes indicadores, a taxa de mortalidade infantil é um dos principais, pois revela a qualidade dos serviços de saúde, saneamento básico e educação de uma determinada região. Essa taxa é apresentada por meio de dados epidemiológicos que quantificam as mortes no primeiro ano de vida, dentre todos os nascidos vivos no mesmo espaço de tempo. O presente trabalho avaliou a mortalidade infantil nos 16 municípios que integram a microrregião da Serra Geral de Minas Gerais, localizada em sua totalidade no norte do estado. O estudo foi do tipo ecológico, realizado sob uma perspectiva observacional com abordagem quantitativa. Os dados foram coletados no período de 2008 a 2016, mostrando que 469 crianças morreram. A maioria dos óbitos ocorreram em crianças do sexo masculino, após o parto, no período neonatal e em ambiente hospitalares. As principais causas de mortalidade foram afecções perinatais e as malformações congênitas, deformidades e anomalias cromossômicas. Os municípios que apresentaram maior taxa de mortalidade infantil foram Pai Pedro e Manga, sendo esta taxa considerada como média, conforme classificação da Organização Mundial de Saúde. Os resultados mostraram que mesmo com diminuição nas taxas de mortalidade infantil nos municípios da microrregião da Serra Geral, ainda existem óbitos infantis por causas evitáveis. Tal fato pode sinalizar a necessidade de investimentos na assistência à saúde nesta região.
Os estudados e a psicanálise em movimentos sociais
Authors: Izumi Nakagawa Cristiane , Teixeira Gimenes Danielle , Carezzato Fabio , Antonio de Campos Beer Paulo , Nishijima Azeredo Yuri
Published: December 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é discutir alguns pontos que envolvem o trabalho psicanalítico em situações de vulnerabilidade e violência social. Propostas nessa direção têm ganhado corpo em diversas iniciativas, e daremos foco aqui ao trabalho que vem sendo realizado pelo Núcleo de Estudos e Trabalhos Terapêuticos (NETT). Entre as muitas questões que poderiam ser assinaladas, daremos especial atenção à compreensão dos atravessamentos de questões sociais no processo analítico, em particular o lugar social do saber e sua relação com o estabelecimento da transferência. Será discutido como a circulação da clínica psicanalítica em lugares historicamente não habitados por ela parece simultaneamente demandar o aprofundamento de certas temáticas, e oferecer possibilidades de avanços a outras.
As faces opressoras de uma prática dogmática
Authors: Martins Lessa Gabriel , Zeato Passos Isabela , Luis Sales Sousa João , Kaique Angelin Godoi Pablo , Gabrielly Gomes dos Santos Yasmin
Published: December 2020

Este artigo faz uma articulação entre a psicanálise e estudos de estruturas opressoras. Consiste em um levantamento bibliográfico e um breve relato da experiência clínica de um coletivo de atendimento analítico na cidade de São Paulo. Sendo que o objetivo principal é apontar, criticamente, a forma de atuação da psicanálise com a população periférica. Assim como, apresentar a dinâmica grupal e a forma de atuação deste coletivo. Foi utilizado, para tanto, concepções de estudos de opressões raciais, de forma a delimitar uma análise do que fora percebida a partir do sofrimento psíquico dos sujeitos em questão. Assim como, resultados da própria experiência do que emergiu como um todo na clínica do coletivo. A partir dessas contribuições, foi possível identificar as lacunas entre o saber e sua prática, na psicanálise, assim como apontar diretrizes balizadoras para um fazer que pretende se atualizar para que consiga dar conta das subjetividades presentes em sua época e território.
The Emerging trend Women entrepreneurship in Pakistan
Authors: Yaqoob Samina
Published: December 2020

Though the field of entrepreneurship is continuously growing and mature but still there is a need to explore the role of women entrepreneurship in developing countries. This study highlight, how women execute her entrepreneurial venture while facing different challenges such as cultural, social, and economic constraints etc.?  Moreover, how she can play her best role for the welfare of society in developing countries. Our results showed that female entrepreneurial activities herald the optimization of their social and economic wellbeing, moreover it benefits to society through, wealth creation, poverty reduction etc. In this study Gioia methodology was undertaken to explore the women entrepreneur growth route in Pakistan. By the analysis of women personal experience author identified different social, cultural, financial constraints during the growth phase. The new emerging model provide the useful basis for future research imperatives.
A Graphical Explanation of Climate Change
Authors: Henry Burl
Published: December 2020

Volcanic eruptions with an intensity of VEI4, or higher, affect Earth’s climate by injecting sulfurous compounds into the stratosphere, where they are quickly converted to the SO2 aerosol, H2SO4. These aerosols circulate around the globe, temporarily cooling the climate, with the maximum cooling generally occurring a year or more after the date of the eruption.

These aerosols eventually settle out of the atmosphere, after about 18-30 months, and temperatures recover to pre-eruption levels, or a bit higher, as the descending aerosol droplets coalesce with others in the troposphere, causing some temporary cleansing of the atmosphere. Warming due to the less polluted air usually results in the formation of a volcanic-induced El Nino, if there have been no other eruptions in the interim.

Global “Clean Air” activities since the late 1970’s focused strongly upon the reduction in industrial (anthropogenic) SO2 aerosol emissions, primarily because of acid-rain and health concerns. As a result, a plot of average anomalous global temperatures will reflect the increases and decreases caused by the changing amounts of SO2 in the atmosphere, from both “Clean Air” reductions in industrial emissions and volcanic eruptions.

In examining such a plot, increases in average anomalous global temperatures were occasionally observed which appeared to be unrelated to either volcanic eruptions or to “Clean Air” activities.

One such increase was noted for the year 1958, when the author graduated from college, and jobs were difficult to find because of the ongoing business recession (1957 Aug-1958 Sept.). It thus seemed possible that other recessions might also be responsible for the unexpected temperature increases, since industrial SO2 aerosol pollution of the atmosphere decreases during such times.
Послевоенное искусство Свердловска (1946–1952 годы)
Authors: Ainutdinov A.S.
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the artistic life of Sverdlovsk after the Great Patriotic war. Information that was not previously the subject of special consideration is published. New archival documents, reproduction photographs of works of art (paintings, sculptures) and materials of art criticism related to the activities of the Sverdlovsk branch of the USSR Art Fund and the Sverdlovsk branch of the Union of Soviet artists are used and introduced into scientific circulation. Thanks to them, as well as an analysis of the decisions of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks in the field of Soviet cultural policy in 1946–1952, the article reconstructs and describes the artistic life in Sverdlovsk after the war.

Статья посвящена художественной жизни Свердловска после Великой Отечественной войны. Публикуются сведения, ранее не являвшиеся предметом специального рассмотрения. Используются и вводятся в научный оборот новые архивные документы, репродукционные фотографии произведений искусства (живописи, скульптуры) и материалы художественной критики, связанные с деятельностью Свердловского отделения Художественного фонда СССР и Свердловского отделения Союза советских художников. Благодаря им, а также анализу решений ЦК ВКП(б) в области советской культурной политики в 1946–1952 гг., в статье восстанавливается и описывается состояние художественной жизни Свердловска после войны.
Российские академики XIX – начала XX века в собрании В.П. Сукачёва
Authors: Snytko L.N.
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the history of the collection of the Irkutsk Regional Art Museum named after V.P. Sukachev, which includes a unique collection of leading Russian artists of the 18th – 20th centuries. The formation of this collection became possible thanks to the founder of the museum V.P. Sukachev. A detailed analytical overview of the history of the collection is given; the factors contributing to its formation are highlighted, an art history analysis of the main works is carried out; the role of the St. Petersburg Imperial Academy of Arts in the formation and development of national culture, in art education and the upbringing of Russian society is noted. The research uses methods: historical-genetic, comparative, as well as a set of art criticism methods.

Статья посвящена истории собрания Иркутского художественного музея имени В.П. Сукачёва, которое включает в себя уникальную коллекцию ведущих отечественных художников XVIII–XX веков. Началом ее формирования Иркутск обязан основателю музея В.П. Сукачёву. Дается подробный очерк истории собрания; выделяются факторы, способствующие его формированию, проводится искусствоведческий анализ основных произведений; отмечается роль Императорской Академии художеств в формировании и развитии отечественной культуры, в художественном образовании и воспитании российского общества. В исследовании применяются методы: историко-генетический, компаративный, а также комплекс искусствоведческих методов.
AASHTO-93 Yönteminin Mekanistik Ampirik Tasarım Yöntemleri İle Uyumunun Belirlenmesi
Authors: BOSTANCIOĞLU Murat
Published: December 2020

Esnek üst yapı tasarımında kullanılan ve ampirik bir yöntem olan AASHTO yönteminin, değişen yük, yükleme durumu, tabaka malzemelerinin tanımlanması ve çevresel koşullar gibi parametrelere uyumunun sağlanması amacıyla mekanistik-ampirik (M-A) yöntemler ile kıyas ve entegrasyonunun sağlanması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada geleneksel bir esnek üst yapı kesitinin, bitümlü sıcak karışım (BSK) yüzey tabakası ile temel tabakasının değişen kalınlık ve rijitlik oranlarına bağlı olarak yol ömrü analizleri AASHTO ve M-A yöntem kullanılarak yapılmış ve elde edilen sonuçlar kıyaslanmıştır. M-A yöntemde farklı transfer denklemleri kullanılmış ve bu transfer denklemleri arasından AASHTO yöntemi ile en uyumlu sonucu veren denklemler tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda yorulmaya bağlı Shell modeli ile tekerlek izinde oturmaya bağlı Ulaşım ve Yol Araştırma Laboratuarı modellerinin AASHTO yöntemine en uyumlu sonuçlar veren iki model olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Bazı Upland Pamuk (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Çeşitlerinin Çimlenme Döneminde Farklı Tuz (NaCI) Seviyelerine Karşı Toleranslarının Belirlenmesi
Authors: ÇELİK Sadettin
Published: December 2020

Pamuk (Gossypium Spp.), geniş istihdam yelpazesiyle dünyanın birçok yerinde kültürü yapılan bir bitkidir. Pamuk yetiştiriciliği yapılan hemen her yerde sulamadan kaynaklı tuzluluk, major problem olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, çimlenme döneminde bazı pamuk çeşitlerinin farklı konsantrasyonlardaki tuzlu (NaCI) sulara karşı toleranslıkları araştırılmıştır. 2020 yılında İklim odasında 4 tekerrürlü tesadüf parselleri deneme desenine göre kurulan denemede 4 upland (PG 2018, Lima, Edessa, May 505) pamuk çeşidi kullanılmıştır. Her çeşide tuz konsantrasyonlarından (0 mM (kontrol), 25 mM, 50 mM, 75 mM, 100 mM, 125 mM, 150 mM) 10’ar mL eklenmiştir. Deneme sonunda fenotipik veriler alınarak varyans analizi yapılmıştır. Yapılan varyans analizi sonucunda çeşitler arasındaki fark önemli (P
5-Fluorourasil (5-FU) ve C60 Nanopartikülünün Meme Kanseri (MCF-7) Hücre Hattı Üzerine Sitotoksik ve Apoptotik Etkilerinin Araştırılması
Authors: AYBEK Havva , AGCA Can Ali , ÇİFTCİ Mehmet
Published: December 2020

Meme kanseri dünyanın hemen her bölgesinde kadınlar arasında en sık görülen kanser türüdür. Kansere bağlı ölümlerde akciğer kanserinden sonra ikinci sırada yer almaktadır. 5-Fluorourasil (5-FU) urasil ile aynı taşıma mekanizmasını kullanarak hücrelere girmeyi hedefleyen, hidrojenin yerine C-5 pozisyonunda bir flor atomu olan bir pirimidin analoğudur. C60 fulleren, antioksidan ve antitümör potansiyeli olan bir nanopartiküldür ve 5-FU’ya hücre tepkilerini modüle etmede faydalı olabilir. p53 proteini tümör gelişimini baskılayan bir transkripsiyon faktörü, TIGAR esas olarak glukoz metabolizmasının düzenleyicisi olarak işlev görür. Bu çalışmada 5-FU, C60 ve 5-FU+C60 kombinasyonunun MCF-7 insan meme kanseri hücreleri üzerindeki sitotoksik etkileri WST-1 analizi ile gerçekleştirildi. Ek olarak, DCFDA kullanılarak reaktif oksijen türleri düzeylerinin tespiti araştırıldı. Çalışmamızda zamana ve konsantrasyona bağlı olarak 5-FU’nun MCF-7 hücre canlılığını inhibe ettiği, C60 nanopartikülünün MCF-7 hücreleri üzerine tek başına uygulanması sonucunda anlamlı bir etkinin olmadığı görüldü. 5-FU+C60’ın birlikte kullanımının ise hücreler üzerinde sitotoksik etkisinin olduğu gösterildi. Öte yandan hücreler üzerine 5-FU, C60 ve 5-FU+C60 uygulamalarının ROS düzeylerinde anlamlı bir fark (artma ya da azalma) oluşturmadıkları belirlendi. İlaveten p53 ve TIGAR proteinlerinin ekspresyon düzeyleri Western Blot yöntemi ile incelenerek hücreler üzerindeki apoptotik etkileri araştırıldı. 5-FU ve 5-FU+C60 gruplarında p53 gen ekspresyonunun arttığı görüldü. 5-FU+C60 kombinasyonunun TIGAR ifadesini indükleyerek hücrelerin apoptoza gitmesine yardımcı olduğu gözlendi.