bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cookies rich in iron (Fe), folic acid, cobalamin (vitamin B12), and antioxidants: a novel functional food potential for adolescent with anemia
Authors: Bolang Alexander Sam Leonard , Rizal Mochammad , Nurkolis Fahrul , Mayulu Nelly , Taslim Nurpudji Astuti , Radu Son , Samtiya Mrinal , Assa Youla Annatje , Herlambang Hendra Agung , Pondagitan Alpinia Shinta , Vivo Christopherous Diva
Published: May 2023

Background: Anemia is a global public health problem, including Indonesia with 32% of adolescents are anemic. This study aims to process porang flour, moringa leaves, and tempe into cookies that are high in iron (Fe), folic acid, cobalamin (vitamin B12), and antioxidants as potential functional food snacks for adolescents with anemia.

Methods: This study is experimental with a completely randomized trial design (CRD) with three treatments and replications. There are three comparison formulations of a combination of porang, moringa leaves, and black soybean-based tempe; respectively F1 (91:3:3:3)%, F2 (85:3:6:6)%, and F3 (77:3:10:10)%. The cookie sample was then analyzed for water content, ash, iron, folic acid, cobalt, and antioxidant activity. The differences between the samples were analyzed based on the activity of antioxidants, iron, folic acid, and vitamin B12 (cobalamin) in data obtained from triplicates using multivariate ANOVA analysis.

Results: The results of the ash and water content tests of all three cookie formulations showed values in accordance with the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) for cookie products. F3 has significantly higher iron, folic acid, and cobalt levels than F1 and F2 (p<0.05). Antioxidant activity is highest in F3, but there is no statistical difference between F2 and F3 (p>0.05).

Conclusions: The combination of porang's tubers, moringa leaves, and tempe made from black soybeans, especially F3, has the potential to be used as a functional cookie processed product source of iron (Fe), folic acid, cobalamin, and antioxidants for adolescent anemia.
Pilot of a person-centred, interdisciplinary approach to goal setting in Ireland’s National Rehabilitation Hospital: a study protocol
Authors: Christophers Lauren , Torok Zsofia , Cornall Catherine , Carroll Aine
Published: May 2023

Background: Research has emphasized the value of a person-centered, interdisciplinary approach to structured goal setting in rehabilitation; yet these approaches are not consistently implemented in clinical practice, limiting the effect that goal setting can have on rehabilitation. The introduction of a new interdisciplinary, person-centered goal setting process to Ireland’s national rehabilitation hospital offers an opportunity to gain novel insight into barriers to implementing and normalising IDT goal setting in complex, specialist rehabilitation services.

Methods: The goal setting process was collaboratively designed based on iterative rounds of patient and staff feedback. It will be piloted in three different units of the hospital. The outlined study was co-designed by embedded academic researchers and knowledge stakeholders (the quality improvement team responsible for introducing the new process; and two former patients). The aim is to use a mixed methods approach to capture patient and staff experiences and perspectives of the new process. Data will be collected by embedded researchers with a combination of self-report measures and qualitative interviews with both staff and patients. Self-report measures focus on capturing person centeredness of goals, shared decision making, interprofessional socialization and process normalization. Quantitative data will be represented using descriptive and inferential statistics; qualitative data will be analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.

Discussion & Conclusion: From this data the researchers aim to present a holistic view of the patient and staff experiences of the goal setting process. This may further illuminate challenges and potential solutions to implementing changes to goal setting within this context. Findings will be used to inform implementation within the hospital and will contribute to knowledge for rehabilitation practice around implementing IDT goal setting. This will add an Irish perspective to existing goal setting rehabilitation literature.
Team based collaborative care model, facilitated by a mHealth enabled and trained nurse, for management of heart failure in India (TIME-HF): design and rationale of a parallel group, open label, multi-centric cluster randomized controlled trial
Authors: Jeemon Panniyammakal , Bahuleyan Charantharalyil Gopalan , Chandgalu Javaregowda Devaraju , Punnoose Eapen , Rajendiran Gopalan , Unni Govindan , Abdullakutty Jabir , Balakrishnan Jayakumar , Joseph Johny , Gnanaraj Justin Paul , Sreedharan Madhu , Pillai Meera R , KR Neenumol , Thomas Paul , Sebastian Placid , Daniel Rachel , Edakutty Rajeev , Ahmad Sajan , Mattummal Shafeeq , Thomas Sunu C , Joseph Stigi , Pisharody Sunil , Chacko Susanna , Syam N , Nair Tiny , Nanjappa Veena , Ganesan Vijayan , George Vijo , Ganapathi Sanjay , Harikrishnan Sivadasanpillai
Published: May 2023

Background: Heart failure (HF) is a debilitating condition associated with enormous public health burden. Management of HF is complex as it requires care and coordination with different cadres of health care providers. In resource poor settings, physician driven initiatives to improve HF management is difficult due to multiple barriers. We propose to develop a team based collaborative care model (CCM), facilitated by a trained nurse, for management of HF with the support of mHealth and evaluate their acceptability and effectiveness in Indian setting.

Methods: The proposed study will use mixed-methods research for assessment. A formative qualitative research will identify barriers and facilitators for implementing CCM for the management of HF and develop components of the intervention. Subsequently, a cluster randomised controlled trial (RCT) involving 22 centres (tertiary hospitals) with more than 1500 HF patients will be conducted to assess the effectiveness of the CCM in improving the overall survival as well as days alive and out of hospital (DAOH) at two-years (CTRI/2021/11/037797). The DAOH will be calculated by subtracting days in hospital and days from death until end of study follow-up from the total follow-up time. Poisson regression with a robust variance estimate and an offset term to account for clustering will be employed in the analyses of DAOH. A rate ratio and its 95% confidence interval (CI) will be estimated. The scalability of the proposed intervention model will be assessed through economic analyses (cost-effectiveness) and the acceptability of the intervention at both the provider and patient level will be understood through process evaluation.

Potential Impact: The TIME-HF trial will provide evidence on whether a nurse-led team based CCM with mHealth support is effective in improving the clinical outcomes of HF in India. The findings may change the practice of management of HF in financially constrained low and middle-income countries.
Uso del deep learning para analizar Facebook y Google Classroom en el campo educativo
Authors: Salas Rueda Ricardo Adán
Published: May 2023

Actualmente, las herramientas tecnológicas están propiciado cambios sustanciales en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. El objetivo de este estudio cuantitativo y cualitativo es analizar las percepciones de los estudiantes sobre el uso de Facebook y Google classroom por medio de los algoritmos deep learning y árbol de decisión. Los participantes son 54 estudiantes (42 hombres y 12 mujeres) de la Facultad de Ciencias en la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México durante el ciclo escolar 2022. En este estudio, los resultados del algoritmo deep learning señalan que Facebook y Google classroom influyen positivamente la motivación y participación en la educación a distancia. Asimismo, el algoritmo árbol de decisión facilitó la identificación de las condiciones predictivas sobre el uso de estas herramientas tecnológicas considerando las características de los estudiantes. Las limitaciones son el tamaño de la muestra y las variables dependientes. Por lo tanto, los futuros trabajos pueden analizar la incorporación de Facebook y Google classroom en las secundarias, preparatorias y universidades considerando los aspectos sobre el desarrollo de habilidades y la asimilación del conocimiento. En conclusión, los profesores pueden utilizar Facebook y Google classroom para favorecer la creación de nuevas actividades escolares, promover la participación de los alumnos desde cualquier lugar y motivar a los participantes durante el aprendizaje bajo la modalidad a distancia.
De votantes a hooligans. Necesario y riguroso estudio de la polarización afectiva en España
Authors: Blanco-Herrero David
Published: May 2023

Reseña del libro De votantes a hooligans. La polarización política en España, publicado en Catarata por Mariano Torcal.
Virtual reality-based gait rehabilitation intervention for stroke individuals: a scoping review
Authors: Kim Minjoon , Kaneko Fuminari
Published: May 2023

Virtual reality (VR)-based rehabilitation is rapidly gaining interest and has been shown to be an intervention to facilitate motor learning in bal-ance and gait rehabilitation. A review of the current literature is needed to provide an overview of the current state of knowledge of VR-based gait physiotherapy for stroke patients. A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed and Scopus. Search terms included: “virtual reality,” “stroke,” “gait,” and “physical therapy.” Articles published in a peer-reviewed journal between 2017 and 2021 were considered. The in-tervention was mainly related to the use of VR as a therapeutic modali-ty, and the outcome was gait performance. The initial search identified 329 articles. After an eligibility review, 13 articles that met the inclusion criteria were included in the study. Most of participants were in a chronic stage and were between 14 and 85 years old. The VR-based gait training ranged from nonimmersive to immersive, was mostly per-formed on a treadmill, and was usually combined with conventional physiotherapy. The duration of the program varied from 10 to 60 min, and there were about 9 to 30 sessions. VR-based gait rehabilitation has a positive effect on gait ability. The existing literature suggests that VR-based rehabilitation combined with conventional physiotherapy could improve gait ability of people with stroke, especially in the chronic stage. However, the duration of VR-based programs should be customized to suit individuals to avoid stimulation sickness. Further research is need-ed to investigate the long-term effects of this approach.
Oral healthcare in the community
Authors: Palmer Sarah Jane
Published: May 2023

Oral health is an essential part of a person's wellbeing. However, with increasing community nursing caseloads and more severe issues to tend to, dental hygiene might be overlooked in patients who are in the community. In this article, Sarah Jane Palmer discusses how nurses in the community can assess oral health, the types of assistance and provisions available/given to older adults/disabled individuals, and the extent of research and advice available for community nurses.
Flexible working requests
Authors: Buxton Sarah
Published: May 2023

Sarah Buxton takes a look at the intricacies of flexible working requests.
Safeguarding children and young people
Authors: Hylton Preetee
Published: May 2023

Preetee Hylton breaks down the principles of safeguarding, and how we all can best protect young children and those at risk.
Prioritising psychological safety
Authors: Wassall Claire
Published: May 2023

Claire Wassall highlights the importance of psychological safety within the dental team dynamic.
Embracing your social side!
Authors: Brown Clementine Rees
Published: May 2023

Alice Garside speaks to Clementine Rees Brown about the importance of connecting with others online, and remaining authentic on social media.
Locum nursing: a career game-changer!
Authors: Knowles Caroline , Coutts-Poole Lori
Published: May 2023

Dental Nursing talks to Caroline Knowles and Lori Coutts-Poole who detail their inspiring dental career paths.
Similar results after five years with the use of the Fitmore or the CLS femoral components
Authors: Rilby Karin , Mohaddes Maziar , Kärrholm Johan
Published: May 2023

Aims

Although the Fitmore Hip Stem has been on the market for almost 15 years, it is still not well documented in randomized controlled trials. This study compares the Fitmore stem with the CementLeSs (CLS) in several different clinical and radiological aspects. The hypothesis is that there will be no difference in outcome between stems.

Methods

In total, 44 patients with bilateral hip osteoarthritis were recruited from the outpatient clinic at a single tertiary orthopaedic centre. The patients were operated with bilateral one-stage total hip arthroplasty. The most painful hip was randomized to either Fitmore or CLS femoral component; the second hip was operated with the femoral component not used on the first side. Patients were evaluated at three and six months and at one, two, and five years postoperatively with patient-reported outcome measures, radiostereometric analysis, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and conventional radiography. A total of 39 patients attended the follow-up visit at two years (primary outcome) and 35 patients at five years. The primary outcome was which hip the patient considered to have the best function at two years.

Results

At two and five years, more patients considered the hip with the CLS femoral component as superior but without a statistically significant difference. There were no differences in clinical outcome, magnitude of femoral component migration, or change of bone mineral density at five years. At three months, the Fitmore femoral component had subsided a median -0.71 mm (interquartile range (IQR) -1.67 to -0.20) and the CLS femoral component -0.70 mm (IQR -1.53 to -0.17; p = 0.742). In both groups the femoral head centre had migrated posteriorly (Fitmore -0.17 mm (IQR -0.98 to -0.04) and CLS -0.23 mm (IQR -0.87 to 0.07; p = 0.936)). After three months neither of the femoral components showed much further migration. During the first postoperative year, one Fitmore femoral component was revised due to aseptic loosening.

Conclusion

Up to five years, we found no statistically significant difference in outcomes between the Fitmore and the CLS femoral components. The slightly worse outcomes, including one revised hip because of loosening, speaks against the hypothesis that the Fitmore femoral component should be advantageous compared to the CLS if more patients had been recruited to this study.

Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2023;4(5):306–314.
A Rare Presentation of Transient Osteoporosis of the Talus: Case Report
Authors: Badghish E M S
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Transient osteoporosis (TO) is a rare diagnosis usually observed in the hip and it is extremely rare to identify TO in the talar bone. Bariatric surgery and other weight loss treatments for obesity are linked to decreased bone mineral density and a possible risk factor of TO. Case Report: A 42-year-old man, known case of gastric sleeve surgery 3 years back otherwise medically free, presented with unusual symptoms in an outpatient setting with on and off pain for the past 2 weeks that increased with walking and reduced by rest. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the left ankle 2-month post-pain showed diffused edema of the talus body and neck. He was diagnosed with TO and started the recommendation of nutritional supplementation therapy of calcium and Vitamin D. It was also advised to start protected weight bearing (pain free activity), and to wear air cast boot for at least 4 weeks. Only paracetamol was prescribed as pain relief medication and light activities for 6–8 weeks. At follow-up, 3 months after the MRI of the left ankle showed marked improvement and decrease of talar edema. At the final follow up, 9 months after the diagnosis, the patient presented a successful follow-up with no trace of edema nor pain. Conclusion: TO is a rare disease and recognizing TO in the talus is extraordinary. The supplementation, protected weight bearing, and wearing air cast boot were effective in the management of our case, correlation between bariatric surgery and TO should be investigated. Keywords: Transient osteoporosis, obesity, bariatric surgery, magnetic resonance imaging, talus.
Synovial Chondromatosis Ankle – A Case Report
Authors: George Joseph , Paul Nirvin , Kaganur Raghavendra , Gopurathingal Anto , Jirel Abhishek
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Many loose bodies are present in the joint due to the uncommon benign neoplastic disorder known as synovial chondromatosis, which causes the production of intra-articular nodular cartilaginous lesions from the synovium. Synovial chondromatosis of the ankle joint is an uncommon condition. Here, we present a case of synovial chondromatosis of the ankle joint treated by surgical excision. Case Report: A 42-year-old woman who had been experiencing discomfort and edema in her left ankle for 8 years and had gotten worse during the previous 2 years visited our outpatient department. Clinical and radiological examination revealed synovial chondromatosis of the left ankle joint. Conclusion: Synovial chondromatosis of the ankle is an uncommon synovial neoplasm in an unlikely anatomic location. The diagnosis should be considered when evaluating monoarticular synovitis. Keywords: Synovial chondromatosis, ankle joint, metaplasia, loose bodies.
Contested care: gendered renegotiations of care needs for the frail elderly population in Norway
Authors: Sundsbø Astrid O. , Fagertun Anette , Førland Oddvar
Published: May 2023

In Norway and elsewhere, care provision for frail elderly populations faces pressure from austerity measures and neoliberal governance. Public long-term care services are continually reconfigured through new policy measures (for example, ‘ageing in place’) and emphasis on ‘principles for prioritisation’. This study utilises ethnographic approaches to provide new insights into the prevailing contestation and devaluation of care work. Care work is predominantly carried out by women; thus, ongoing, fundamental reforms to the welfare system simultaneously represent a gendered battle. We identify tensions around how ‘needs’ for care are interpreted and argue that the female workforce is coerced to accept rationalities that undermine their professional and ethical understandings of ‘proper care work’, which, in turn, questions the perception of the ‘women-friendly’ Norwegian welfare state.
Optical magnetic combination method for suppressing the Rb polarization-induced magnetic gradient in Rb-Xe NMR co-magnetometers
Authors: Tengyue Wang , Jinpeng Peng , Zhanchao Liu , Yunkai Mao , Xuelei Wang
Published: May 2023

The Rb polarization-induced magnetic field gradient affects the Xe nuclear spin relaxation properties and degrades the long-term stability of the NMR co-magnetometers. This paper proposes a combination suppressing scheme, which uses the second-order magnetic field gradient coils to compensate for the Rb polarization-induced magnetic gradient under counter-propagating pump beams. Based on the theoretical simulation, we find that the spatial distribution of the Rb polarization-induced magnetic gradient and the magnetic field distribution generated by gradient coils are complementary. The experimental results indicate that the compensation effect is 10% higher under the counter-propagating pump beams scheme compared with the compensation effect under the conventional single beam. Besides, due to a more uniform spatial distribution of electronic spin polarization, the Xe nuclear spin polarizability is improved and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of NMR co-magnetometers could be further enhanced. The study provides an ingenious method for suppressing magnetic gradient in the optically polarized Rb-Xe ensemble, which is expected to improve the performance of the atomic spin co-magnetometers.
Ultra-low-loss 5-LP mode selective coupler based on fused biconical taper technique
Authors: Guo Huiyi , Chen Liang , Shi Zekun , Chang Wenzhe , Gu Letian , Wang Zhi , Liu Yan-ge
Published: May 2023

Trapped in the stringent adiabatic transmission condition of high-order modes, low-loss fused biconical taper mode selective coupler (FBT-MSC) has long been challenging to achieve. We identify the adiabatic predicament of high-order modes to stem from the rapid variation of the eigenmode field diameter, which is caused by the large core-cladding diameter difference of few-mode fiber (FMF). We demonstrate that introducing a positive-index inner cladding in FMF is an effective approach to address this predicament. The optimized FMF can be used as dedicated fiber for FBT-MSC fabrication, and exhibits good compatibility with the original fibers, which is critical for the wide adoption of MSC. As an example, we add inner cladding in a step-index FMF to achieve excellent adiabatic high-order mode characteristics. The optimized fiber is used to manufacture ultra-low-loss 5-LP MSC. The insertion losses of the fabricated LP01, LP11, LP21, LP02 and LP12 MSCs are 0.13 dB at 1541 nm, 0.02 dB at 1553 nm, 0.08 dB at 1538 nm, 0.20 dB at 1523 nm, and 0.15 dB at 1539 nm, respectively, with smoothly varying insertion loss across the wavelength domain. Additional loss is less than 0.20 dB from 1465.00 nm to 1639.31 nm, and the 90% conversion bandwidth exceeds 68.03 nm, 166.68 nm, 174.31 nm, 132.83 nm, and 84.17 nm, respectively. MSCs are manufactured using commercial equipment and a standardized process that takes just 15 minutes, making them a potential candidate for low-cost batch manufacturing in a space division multiplexing system.
Analysis of the dispersive Fourier transform dataset using dynamic mode decomposition: evidence of multiple vibrational modes and their interplay in a three-soliton molecule
Authors: Sheveleva Anastasiia , Hamdi Saïd , Coillet Aurélien , Finot Christophe , Colman Pierre
Published: May 2023

We demonstrate that the dynamic mode decomposition technique can effectively reduce the amount of noise in the dispersive Fourier transform dataset and allow for finer quantitative analysis of the experimental data. We therefore show that the oscillation pattern of a soliton molecule actually results from the interplay of several elementary vibration modes.
Realization of spinning mode with maximum chirality in photonic-crystal defect cavity at exceptional point
Authors: Cheng Chao-Chieh , Cheng Pi-Ju , Huang Tzu-Wei , Wang Wei-Ting , Tsai Jui-Tse , Shih Min-Hsiung , Chang Shu-Wei
Published: May 2023

Optical modes spinning with maximum chirality in cavities at the chip level are essential for quantum and biomedical applications. The coalescent chiral mode at the exceptional point (EP) due to non-Hermicity is the one in demand. Yet, approaching EPs require fine balances between the loss/gain and the dielectric perturbation, which are typically nontrivial. In this paper, by elevating the reliability of fine-tuning, we realize circularly-polarized-like lasing modes with maximum chirality at the EP of photonic-crystal one-hole cavities. Such an EP is of intracavity type in the subwavelength scale and reaching it requires more reliable strategies than those for its forerunners. We adopt the in-plane tunneling loss that is well controlled with the layer number of air holes in the photonic-crystal slab. By removing and relocating holes in blocks, we systematically elevate the chirality of the radiation field. The collective variations of holes render the EP robust against the uncertainty in fabrications. Without auxiliary non-Hermitian and chiral structures, our works promote coherent chiral light sources at the chip level.
Direct-write laser-assisted patterning of form birefringence in wave plates fabricated by glancing-angle deposition
Authors: Mireles Marcela , Hoffman Brittany N. , MacNally Sara , Smith Christopher C. , Lakshmanan Sanjay N. , Lambropoulos John C. , Rigatti Amy L. , Demos Stavros G.
Published: May 2023

The development of optics that provide spatial control of birefringence could enable better control of laser beam polarization, but available solutions are limited. Here we demonstrate a method to locally modify the birefringence of wave plates fabricated by glancing-angle deposition. The method employs localized melting of the anisotropic microstructure in a vacuum environment to alter the local birefringence. We demonstrate that this process is only possible under high vacuum to avoid trapping air within the melt zone. The direct-write method presented here can be readily utilized for coatings exhibiting form birefringence of virtually any chemical composition, size, and format.
Parkin-mediated mitophagy is negatively regulated by FOXO3A, which inhibits Plk3-mediated mitochondrial ROS generation in STZ diabetic stress-treated pancreatic β cells
Authors: Shim Ji Yeon , Chung Jin Ook , Jung Dawa , Kang Pil Soo , Park Seon-Young , Kendi Ayse Tuba , Lowe Val J. , Lee SeungBaek
Published: May 2023

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most researched metabolic diseases worldwide. It leads to extensive complications such as cardiovascular disease, nephropathy, retinopathy, and peripheral and central nervous system through an inability to produce or respond to insulin. Although oxidative stress-mediated mitophagy has been reported to play an important role in the pathogenesis of DM, specific studies are still lacking as well as remain highly controversial. Here, we found that Parkin-mediated mitophagy in pancreatic β cells under streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic stress was induced by Polo-like kinase 3 (Plk3) and inhibited by the transcription factor Forkhead Box O3A (FOXO3A). STZ stress induces mitochondrial recruitment of Parkin through Plk3-mediated mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, which causes pancreatic cell damage. Conversely, FOXO3A acts as negative feedback to prevent diabetic stress by inhibiting Plk3. Meanwhile, antioxidants including N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and natural COA water scientifically block these mitochondrial ROS and mitochondrial recruitment of Parkin by inhibiting Plk3. Through a 3D organoid ex vivo model, we confirmed that not only ROS inhibitors but also mitophagy inhibitory factors such as 3-MA or Parkin deletion can compensate for pancreatic cell growth and insulin secretion under STZ diabetic stress. These findings suggest that the Plk3-mtROS-PINK1-Parkin axis is a novel mitophagy process that inhibits pancreatic β-cell growth and insulin secretion and FOXO3A and antioxidants may provide new alternatives for effective diabetes treatment strategies in the future.
Mining and visualizing large-scale course reviews of LMOOCs learners through structural topic model
Authors: Yang Linwei
Published: May 2023

Understanding Language Massive Online Open Courses (LMOOCs) learners’ subjective evaluation is essential for language teachers to improve their instructional design, examine the teaching and learning effects, and promote course quality. The present research uses word frequency and co-occurrence analysis, comparative keyword analysis, and structural topic modeling to analyze 69,232 reviews from one Massive Online Open Courses (MOOCs) platform in China. Learners hold a strongly positive overall perception of LMOOCs. Four negative topics appear more commonly in negative reviews as compared to positive ones. Additionally, variations in negative reviews across course types are examined, indicating that learners’ main concerns about high-level LMOOCs include teaching/learning problems, learner expectation, and learner attitude, whereas learners of low-level courses are more critical in the topic of scholarship ability. Our study contributes to the LMOOCs study by providing a better understanding of learners’ perceptions using rigorous statistical techniques.
Strategic and entrepreneurial abilities: Surviving the crisis across countries during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Chudziński Paweł , Cyfert Szymon , Dyduch Wojciech , Koubaa Salah , Zastempowski Maciej
Published: May 2023

This paper seeks to identify organisational abilities that influence the company’s survival during crises. To address this issue, first–through literature review–we identified five groups of crucial organisational abilities that companies pursue during the crisis, i.e., strategic, technological, collaboration, entrepreneurial and relational. We have also identified four objectives that relate to surviving the crisis. Next, we have scrutinised 226 companies from two sides of the world, Poland (Europe) and Morocco (Africa), during the Covid-19 crisis. Quantitative analysis using Structural Equations Modelling demonstrated that surviving during a crisis depends mostly on strategic and entrepreneurial abilities such as the ability to shift resources quickly, organise the work in the firm effectively and plan strategically, as well as diversify its products and services perceived as critical.
Prognostic factors for intraoperative detection of necrotizing fasciitis in severe soft tissue infections
Authors: Abdalla Thaer S. A. , Grotelüschen Rainer , Abdalla Ahmed S. A. , Melling Nathaniel , Izbicki Jakob R. , Bachmann Kai
Published: May 2023

Background

Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a rare but lethal soft-tissue infection. There is still a paucity of information regarding the diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies for the treatment of this devastating disease. This study aims to identify important perioperative parameters related to necrotizing fasciitis and to assess their relevance in terms of identifying NF.

Methods and material

We retrospectively analyzed patients who underwent surgical exploration for suspected necrotizing fasciitis at a tertiary referral center, to explore the clinical features and factors related to the presence of necrotizing fasciitis and mortality.

Results

Between 2010 and 2017, 88 patients underwent surgical exploration for suspected NF. The infection occurred in the lower extremities in 48 patients, in the thoracocervical region in 18 patients, and the perineum and abdomen in 22 patients. Histological evidence of NF was present in 59 of 88 patients. NF was associated with a longer hospital stay and ICU stay (p = 0.05 and 0.019 respectively) compared to patients without NF. ROC analysis showed that only macroscopic fascial appearance could discriminate patients with histological evidence of NF. Moreover, multivariate logistic regression revealed, that liver failure (p = 0.019), sepsis (p = 0.011), positive Gram stain (p = 0.032), and macroscopic fascial appearance (p <0.001) were independent prognostic parameters for histological evidence of NF.

Conclusion

Intraoperative tissue evaluation by an experienced surgeon is the most important diagnostic tool in identifying necrotizing fasciitis. An intraoperative Gram stain is an independent prognostic tool and therefore its use can be recommended especially in case of clinical uncertainty.
Community engagement initiatives in primary health care to achieve universal health coverage: A realist synthesis of scoping review
Authors: Erku Daniel , Khatri Resham , Endalamaw Aklilu , Wolka Eskinder , Nigatu Frehiwot , Zewdie Anteneh , Assefa Yibeltal
Published: May 2023

Background

Community engagement (CE) is an essential component in a primary health care (PHC) and there have been growing calls for service providers to seek greater CE in the planning, design, delivery and evaluation of PHC services. This scoping review aimed to explore the underlying attributes, contexts and mechanisms in which community engagement initiatives contribute to improved PHC service delivery and the realisation of UHC.

Methods

PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, EMBASE and Google Scholar were searched from the inception of each database until May 2022 for studies that described the structure, process, and outcomes of CE interventions implemented in PHC settings. We included qualitative and quantitative studies, process evaluations and systematic or scoping reviews. Data were extracted using a predefined extraction sheet, and the quality of reporting of included studies was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. The Donabedian’s model for quality of healthcare was used to categorise attributes of CE into “structure”, “process” and “outcome”.

Results

Themes related to the structural aspects of CE initiatives included the methodological approaches (i.e., format and composition), levels of CE (i.e., extent, time, and timing of engagement) and the support processes and strategies (i.e., skills and capacity) that are put in place to enable both communities and service providers to undertake successful CE. Process aspects of CE initiatives discussed in the literature included: i) the role of the community in defining priorities and setting objectives for CE, ii) types and dynamics of the broad range of engagement approaches and activities, and iii) presence of an on-going communication and two-way information sharing. Key CE components and contextual factors that affected the impact of CE initiatives included the wider socio-economic context, power dynamics and representation of communities and their voices, and cultural and organisational issues.

Conclusions

Our review highlighted the potential role of CE initiatives in improving decision making process and improving overall health outcomes, and identified several organisational, cultural, political, and contextual factors that affect the success of CE initiatives in PHC settings. Awareness of and responding to the contextual factors will increase the chances of successful CE initiatives.
Digital dissemination of Islam among Dubai expatriates, UAE: A mixed-methods study
Authors: Tariq Urwa
Published: May 2023

Dubai is a metropolitan city that attracts many foreigners due to its growing economy and tourism. When many non-Muslims observe the Islamic culture and lifestyle, they become interested in learning more about the faith. This research focuses on non-Muslims and new Muslims in Dubai and how information about Islam is disseminated to them. It also examines the challenges they encounter when searching for information. Though the researcher employed a mixed-methods approach, this study highlights the quantitative analysis. A total of 541 survey responses were collected from expatriates residing in Dubai, UAE; their demographic profile was analysed, especially in relation to their media use. The research discovered that respondents had limited access to Islamic information and received minimal clarity on Islamic faith. The results also indicated their preferred choice of medium and sources, hence a media model was created covering radio with digital media to broadcast information for specific residents who were interested to learn about Islamic faith.
A case report of multiple relapses of Henoch-Schonlein purpura
Authors: Pratiwi Afrilia Intan , Sumadiono Sumadiono , Sitaresmi Mei Neni
Published: May 2023

Henoch-Schonlein Purpura (HSP) is an acute immunoglobulin A (IgA)–mediated disorder characterized by generalized vasculitis. HSP commonly occurs in children. The annual worldwide incidence is 13-20 per 100,000 children under 17 years of age.1–3 It is characterized by non-thrombocytopenic palpable purpura mostly located on the dependent parts like lower extremities and buttocks, arthralgia/arthritis, bowel angina, and hematuria/proteinuria. HSP pathophysiology is not yet completely understood. Genetic factors are thought to drive the fundamental susceptibility and clinical manifestations. Proposed triggering factors include upper respiratory tract infections, medications, vaccinations, and malignancies. Disease course is usually benign and self-limited. Even though the prognosis is generally good, recurrences or relapses are common within 1 year of initial presentation.4
Therapeutic Fractional Doses of Ionizing Radiation Promote Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition, Enhanced Invasiveness, and Altered Glycosylation in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: AL-Abedi Raheem , Cagatay Seda Tuncay , Mayah Ammar , Brooks Susan A , Kadhim Munira
Published: May 2023

The clinical outcome of radiation therapy is restricted due to the acquired radio-resistance of a subpopulation of tumour cells that may cause tumour relapse and distant metastasis. While the effects of ionizing radiation (IR) such as DNA damage and cell stress are well-documented, the potential role of IR in inducing invasive potential in cancer cells has not been broadly studied, therefore we aimed to investigate it in this study. MCF-7 cells irradiated with 0 Gy (control) or 2 Gy X-ray therapeutic doses of IR were assessed for cell viability, percentage of apoptotic cells, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, DNA fragmentation, Matrigel invasion, assessment of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers and Helix pomatia agglutinin (HPA) binding at 30 min, 4- or 24-h post-IR. Reduction in cell viability, increase in apoptotic cells, ROS positive cells, and DNA fragmentation were observed, while functional invasiveness and EMT were exacerbated together with altered glycosylation in MCF-7 cells irradiated with 2 Gy X-ray compared to control cells. These findings indicate that despite the detrimental effects of 2 Gy X-ray IR on MCF-7 cells, a subpopulation of cells may have gained increased invasive potential. The exacerbated invasive potential may be attributed to enhanced EMT and altered glycosylation. Moreover, deregulation of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) following IR may be one of the elements responsible for these changes, as it lies in the intersection of these invasion-promoting cell processes.
„Überwachen und Strafen“ – Tracking und Kontrolle des Forschungszyklus
Authors: Siems Renke
Published: May 2023

Seit dem Informationspapier der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft aus dem Jahr 2021 wird das Thema Datentracking in der Wissenschaft viel diskutiert. Jedoch sind bislang weder umfassende Konzepte sichtbar, wie der damit einhergehenden Gefährdung der wissenschaftlichen Autonomie und Integrität beispielsweise durch die Stärkung digitaler Souveränität abgeholfen werden könnte, noch kommt der Griff der maßgeblichen wirtschaftlichen Akteure nach dem gesamten Forschungszyklus angemessen in den Blick. Dieser Aufsatz betrachtet die wissenschaftlichen Workflows und deren Unterminierung durch datenbasierte Geschäftsmodelle.
Validation of non-invasive point of care blood content analysis using the TensorTip™ MTX device: a method comparison study
Authors: Servaas Sjoerd , de Vreede Silke , Smeets Ruben L. , Stroobants An , van Eijk Lucas T. , Malagon Ignacio , Slagt Cornelis
Published: May 2023

Objectives

The TensorTip™ MTX is a non-invasive device designed to determine several physiological parameters with additional analysis of haemoglobin, haematocrit and blood gas analysis by interpreting blood diffusion colour of the finger skin based on spectral analysis. The aim of our study was to investigate the accuracy and precision of the TensorTip MTX in a clinical setting in comparison with routine analysis of blood samples.

Methods

Forty-six patients, scheduled for elective surgery, were enrolled in this study. Placement of an arterial catheter had to be part of the standard of care. Measurements were performed during the perioperative period. The measurements obtained with the TensorTip MTX were compared with the results of routine analysis of the blood samples as a reference using correlation, Bland-Altman analysis and mountain plots.

Results

No significant correlation was present in the measurements. Measurement of haemoglobin with the TensorTip MTX had a mean bias of 0.4 mmol/L, haematocrit’s bias was 3.0 %. Bias of partial pressure of carbon dioxide and oxygen was 3.6 and 66.6 mmHg, respectively. Calculated percentage errors were 48.2 , 48.9, 39.9 and 109.0 %. Proportional bias was present in all Bland-Altman analyses. Less than 95 % of the differences fell within the pre-set limits of allowable error.

Conclusions

Non-invasive blood content analysis with the TensorTip MTX device is not equivalent to and did not correlate sufficiently with conventional laboratory analysis. None of the parameters measured showed results within the limits of allowable error. Therefore, the use of the TensorTip MTX is not recommended for perioperative care.
Cognitio populi – Vox populi: Implications of science-related populism for communication behavior
Authors: Mede Niels G. , Schäfer Mike S. , Metag Julia
Published: May 2023

In many countries, science is challenged by science-related populism, which deems the common sense of “ordinary people” superior to the knowledge of “academic elites”. Individual support for science-related populism can be associated with people’s communication behavior: On the one hand, people who hold science-related populist attitudes may inform themselves differently about science; they may even be disconnected from societal discourse around science. On the other hand, they may communicate more actively on social media and in interpersonal conversations. We test this using nationally representative survey data from Switzerland. Results show that science-related populists use TV and social networking sites more often to get information about science. They are also more likely to communicate about science in social media comments. However, science-related populist attitudes are not associated with a general preference for social media over journalistic media. Science-related populism has thus not (yet) fueled a “science-related public disconnection”. We also run multiverse analyses, which show further nuances of our results, and discuss implications for science communication.
The ISDA Master Agreement and the Recognition of a Latent Contractual Network
Authors: Armitage Matthew
Published: May 2023

It is argued that contract law has yet to develop a coherent approach for recognising networks. This article uses the International Swaps and Derivatives Association Master Agreement, along with the systems which have been developed around it, as a case study for contractual networks which exist at the peripheries of current conceptions, partially recognised by law but also developing private technological solutions to augment their connectivity.
Language shift: gender differences in Chaouia use in Algeria
Authors: Rouabah Siham
Published: May 2023

The paper explored the shift away from Chaouia, a variety of Tamazight, to the use of Algerian Arabic in Batna (northeast Algeria). The Chaouia-speaking community had recently witnessed a large rural exodus and significant social changes and mobility due to economic opportunities, education and ethnic contact. The paper focused on gender differences in language use and considered how socialisation and cultural ideologies regarding men’s and women’s relationship to language shape linguistic decisions and choices. Building upon representations of masculinity and femininity, we investigated the ways in which these gendered practices constrain or restrict Chaouia use among working-class Chaouias. We used a qualitative approach with an embedded quantitative element to analyse interviews and surveys across the domestic setting as well as schools and social networks in Batna to examine the interplay between gender identities and language socialisation at home, language choices at school and among friends. The increase in cross-ethnic contact with the larger Arabic-speaking community had introduced significant re-considerations of social and linguistic priorities in the community. The findings showed a clear impact of parents on the acquisition of a gendered pattern of language choice, with boys being socialised in Chaouia and girls in Algerian Arabic. This pattern was further reinforced at school and among peers through teachers and social networks. Females’ networks were ethnolinguistically heterogeneous whereas males’ networks were Amazigh-oriented. Hence, the traditional link of Tamazight to femininity was re-negotiated to generate a discourse of blame for the ongoing language shift and identity loss.
Sound language policies must be consistent with natural language evolution
Authors: Mufwene Salikoko S.
Published: May 2023

Societal multilingualism and multilectalism have been among the leading justifications for language policies, especially in the Global South, where many of these have failed. I associate the failures with poor choices of official languages and media of education, which are not consistent with the linguistic behaviors of the majority of the citizenry and the socioeconomic structures of the relevant polities. I review some cases of adequate and inadequate policies around the world and explain ecologically some reasons for either their successes or their failures. In a subset of the cases, I assess the results as mixed. My recommendation is of course not to follow the policy of a particular polity simply because it has succeeded there but to also check whether the ecology of its success is similar to that of the new polity. The relevant ecology includes the socioeconomic structure/system and the linguistic practices of the citizenry for whom the policy is intended. Among the issues to address is, for instance, whether the language adopted as the official language and medium of education is easy for the majority of the citizenry to learn successfully. Another is whether the language policy will make the economic development of the nation more inclusive and empower the majority economically and politically.
Numerical investigation of pressure drop within isothermal capillary rheometry for viscous and viscoelastic fluids
Authors: Tseng Huan-Chang
Published: May 2023

In capillary rheometry of a polymer melt, the total pressure drop consists of three primary components: shear viscosity, extensional viscosity, and normal stress differences. Traditionally, viscoelastic constitutive equations have been used to produce accurate predictions regarding the pressure drop. It is difficult to investigate the primary components in past experimental measurements and numerical computations. The useful improvement of the classic White-Metzner viscoelastic constitutive equation coupled with the weighted shear/extension viscosity is performed in isothermal capillary flow simulations. It is significant to analyze the extension-induced pressure drop for a short die and the shear-induced pressure drop for a long die, along with a small contribution of normal stress differences.
Between Nottin’ Ill Gite and Bleckfriars – the enregisterment of Cockney in the 19th century
Authors: Gerwin Johanna
Published: May 2023

In the 19th century, Cockney, the traditional working-class accent of London, underwent a significant change in how it was perceived and described. At the beginning of the 19th century the public discourse on the Cockney accent was restricted to a few linguistic shibboleths such as the interchange of /w/ and /v/ (represented in spellings such asweal,winegar, orvell) and h-dropping, and mentioned by orthoepists and orthographically reproduced by some novelists. By the end of the 19th century, detailed Cockney descriptions and depictions had emerged, leading to the social and cultural construction – theenregisterment – of the Cockney dialect. This paper documents this process by systematically analysing various types of published meta-discourse for both the linguistic forms (shibboleths) mentioned and the social meanings associated with them, especially in the form of so-called ‘characterological figures of personhood’. It further analyses conflicting language ideologies that Cockney was subject to in the 19th century, and which influenced its enregisterment process.