bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efectividad de un programa de entrenamiento en Karate Do para favorecer la respuesta policial en situaciones de presión y enfrentamiento
Authors: Terán Pazmiño Jimmy Alejandro
Published: December 2024

El desarrollo de habilidades y capacidades de los agentes policiales en Ecuador es un aspecto crucial que influye en situaciones de presión y enfrentamiento. En concordancia el presente estudio se centró en Constatar la efectividad de un programa de entrenamiento en Karate Do para favorecer la respuesta policial en situaciones de presión y enfrentamiento. La investigación transitó por una fase diagnóstica sobre la cual se construyó la propuesta, una fase de intervención y se concluye con la determinación de la factibilidad del programa. Para satisfacer las exigencias del objetivo se utilizaron métodos del nivel teórico, empírico y estadístico matemático y técnicas para la recogida y procesamiento de la información. El programa estructuralmente este compuesto por un objetivo, fundamentación, sistema de ejercicio, aspectos procedimentales que satisfacen las exigencias didácticas y metodológicas y sistema de evaluación (4 indicadores). En la intervención y determinación de la factibilidad participaron 23 agentes policiales de la ciudad de Guayaquil. La validación empírica se centró en la evaluación de la “Efectividad de realización” (1: efectiva la realización/ 0: no efectiva la realización) la fase de validación empírica, se desarrolló mediante un pre-experimento. Se corroboran limitaciones en la efectividad de realización en el pre-test, posterior a la intervención (Post-test), el análisis inferencial muestra resultados positivos estadísticamente significativos (p< 0.05) derivados del Test de rangos con signo de Wilcoxon, los hallazgos permitieron rechazar (H0) y aceptar (Hi), por tanto, se comprueba que, el Programa de entrenamiento en Karate Do favorece la respuesta policial en situaciones de presión y enfrentamiento
Efectividad de un programa de Karate Do para servidores policiales en protección a personas con riesgo elevado
Authors: Saldarreaga Solís José Manuel
Published: December 2024

La seguridad pública es una preocupación creciente en diversas sociedades, y la capacidad de los servidores policiales para proteger a personas en riesgo elevado es esencial para mantener el orden y la confianza de la comunidad. En este contexto, programas de capacitación en defensa personal, como el Karate Do, han demostrado ser una herramienta efectiva para mejorar no solo las habilidades físicas, sino la confianza y la toma de decisiones en situaciones críticas. Este estudio se centra en comprobar la efectividad de un programa de karate do para servidores policiales en protección a personas con riesgo elevado en el cantón Durán, provincia del Guayas. La investigación abarcó una fase diagnóstica que sirvió de base para la propuesta, seguida de una fase de intervención y la determinación de la factibilidad del programa. Se utilizaron métodos teóricos, empíricos y estadísticos, así como técnicas para la recolección y procesamiento de datos. El programa está estructurado por un objetivo, fundamentación, sistema de ejercicios, aspectos procedimentales que satisfacen las exigencias didácticas y metodológicas, así como un sistema de evaluación basado en cuatro indicadores. Participaron 27 servidores policiales en la intervención, y la validación empírica se enfocó en la "efectividad de realización" mediante un pre-experimento. Los resultados del análisis inferencial, utilizando el Test de rangos con signo de Wilcoxon, mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p < 0.05) entre las evaluaciones pre y post intervención, corroborando que el programa de Karate Do mejora la capacidad de respuesta de los servidores en la protección de personas en riesgo elevado
Věda a vědci v zrcadle denních (důvěrných) záznamů Bohumila Němce
Authors: Janko Jan
Published: December 2024

Science and scientists mirrored in daily (intimate) notes of Bohumil Němec

From 1945 nearly till his death Bohumil Němec, probably the greatest Czech biologist of the 20th century, recorded comments and remarks about his experiences, meetings and dates, family events, weather and nature. The author selected interesting documents from the notes, preserved in the Archives of the Academy of Sciences CR, informing how B. Němec saw some events and personalities of his time.
Prosazování Newtonovy teorie ve Francii osmnáctého století a pokusy o její zpochybnění
Authors: Krausová Jiřina
Published: December 2024

Assertion of Newton’s theory in France in 18th century and attempts to question it

Newton’s ideas didn’t prevail over Carthesianism quickly or easily and there was a long dispute between the supporters of both sides, motivated not only scientifically, but nationally and emotionally as well. French Newtonianism was not identical to Newton’s own ideas and had many specific attributes. It often overstepped the purview of science and became a part of popular culture. The essay concludes with an assessment of the particular contribution of French Enlightenment researchers to the application of Newton’s theory.
150 let od prezentace výsledků experimentálních výzkumů Gregora J. Mendela
Authors: Šimůnek Michal
Published: December 2024

150th anniversary of Gregor J. Mendel’s presentation of his experimental research

This concise essay reflects on the 150th anniversary of the presentations of the results of Mendel’s experiments against the background of the formation of the study of genetics during the 20th century.
Gathering Experience Abroad The study-tours of students and teachers from the Technical University of Budapest 1899–1914
Authors: Szilárd Tar Attila
Published: December 2024

Gathering Experience Abroad The study-tours of students and teachers from the Technical University of Budapest 1899–1914

The Technical University of Budapest was a young institution by the end of the 19th century. It was officially founded in 1871, even though it had appeared in some forms from the 1840s. The Hungarian technical schools looked to copy the German model. To accomplish this they needed information about this type of higher education. Through studying the historical records it is possible to detect several forms of information-collection, which can be seen as forms of communication.
Význam těžby zlata ve středověké historii českých zemí
Authors: Morávek Petr
Published: December 2024

Importance of the gold mining in the medieval history of the Czech lands

The contribution evaluates importance of the gold mining compared with silver mining based on the contemporary course of both precious metals and the estimate of their production in the medieval history of the Czech lands. In great details it deals with history of gold mining in the Jílové mining district as the probably most significant at the time. Coincident features of Jílové matrix of seals, about 1350 promoted by Charles IV to royal town, with the matrix of seals of Charles University from the same period implies their same origin and the significance of gold production in the Jílové mining district for then Prague construction.
Gambaran Kejadian Efek Samping Kemoterapi Pasien Kanker Payudara Yang Menggunakan M-Health App “Pantau Kanker” Di Rumah Sakit Kota Yogyakarta
Authors: Nur P Kanindya , Zukhruf Saputri Ginanjar , Supadmi Woro , Akrom Akrom , Muhlis Muh
Published: December 2024

Kanker payudara menjadi salah satu jenis kanker dengan tingkat kematian cukup tinggi. Provinsi DIY memiliki prevalensi kanker payudara terbanyak di Indonesia. Salah satu upaya pengobatan kanker ialah dengan kemoterapi yang menggunakan obat sitostatistika, ditujukan untuk membunuh atau memperlambat pertumbuhan sel-sel kanker. Namun demikian obat-obat tersebut memberikan efek samping pada pasien. Dibutuhkan edukasi dalam pengatasan efek samping guna monitoring kondisi pasien. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui gambaran kejadian efek samping kemoterapi pada pasien kanker payudara yang menggunakan M-Health app “Pantau Kanker” di RSUD Kota Yogyakarta. Metode penelitian menggunakan deskriptif observasional, dengan responden sejumlah 41 pasien. Rekrutmen dilakukan menggunakan informed consent berdasarkan kriteria inklusi maupun eksklusi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan CRF (case report form) monitoring efek samping obat.  Pengambilan data dilakukan pada hari pertama, ketiga, dan kelima setelah kemoterapi dilaksanakan. Monitoring dilakukan melalui wawancara langsung kepada pasien, dan melalui penelusuran data rekam medis. Monitoring mual muntah dan nyeri dilakukan menggunakan aplikasi “pantau kanker” berbasis M-Health app dengan aplikasi VAS (visual analogue scale).  Hasil dari penelitian ini, menunjukkan bahwa, mual banyak terjadi di hari pertama, karena immediate side effects (durasi 24 jam). Kemudian, yang termasuk delayed ADRs seperti anoreksia, insomnia banyak ditemukan di hari ketiga sedangkan pada hari kelima mayoritas terjadi alopecia dan nyeri kesemutan. Bebrapa efek samping, seperti diare, sembelit, stomatitis (sariawan), dan demam tidak banyak dialami oleh pasien. Beberapa efek samping, seperti diare, sembelit,
stomatitis (sariawan), serta demam tidak banyak dialami oleh pasien. Rejimen terapi yang digunakan didominasi pada low emetogenics, sehingga efek samping yang muncul mayoritas pada kategori ringan dan tidak mengganggu aktivitas dari pasien. Kesimpulan penelitian menunjukkan monitoring efek samping pada penggunaan obat sitostatika terjadi pada rentang hari ke-1 hingga ke-5, mayoritas pada kategori ringan sehingga aktivitas keseharian pasien masih dapat berjalan dengan baik.
Formulasi Dan Evaluasi Sediaan Gummy Candies Mengandung Infusa Daun Jambu Biji (Psidium guajava L.) Dengan Variasi Konsentrasi Sukrosa
Authors: Christiningtyas Eryani Mikhania , Judy Handojo Kukuh , Safitri Manzil , Husni Patihul
Published: December 2024

Daun jambu biji ( Psidium guajava L.) adalah obat tradisional untuk diare. Tanin zat yang terkandung dalam daun jambu biji berfungsi sebagai antidiare. Gummy candies merupakan produk manisan yang terbuat dari bahan utama pembentuk gel seperti agar-agar, karageenan, serta bahan pemanis seperti sukrosa, laktosa, glukosa, dan lain-lain. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melakukan formulasi dan evaluasi gummy candies infusa daun jambu biji dengan perbedaan konsentrasi sukrosa. Data uji sifat fisik organoleptis F1, F2, dan F3 yaitu tekstur kenyal, aroma melon lemah, warna hijau, dan rasa manis. Pada uji keseragaman bobot tidak terdapat perbedaan antara F1, F2, dan F3. Hasil uji pH rata-rata F1 adalah 5,81, F2 adalah 6,16, dan F3 adalah 6,63. Pengujian kadar air pada gummy candies menghasilkan rata-rata F1 adalah 12,4%, F2 adalah 27,5%, dan F3 adalah 43,29%. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah sukrosa berpengaruh terhadap pH dan kadar air gummy candies namun tidak berpengaruh terhadap organoleptis dan keseragaman bobot gummy candies.
Pengembangan Bahan Farmasi: Pengaruh Variasi Suhu Pengeringan Terhadap Sifat Fisik Serbuk Kering Labu Siam
Authors: Husni Patihul , Tryani Sutisna Putri Sussy , Erika Herawati Irma , Christiningtyas Eryani Mikhania
Published: December 2024

Labu siam (Sechium edule (Jacq.) Swartz) berpotensi digunakan sebagai bahan farmasi. Oleh karena itu, tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan pengaruh variasi suhu pengeringan terhadap sifat fisik serbuk kering labu siam. Suhu yang digunakan pada proses pengeringan adalah 100 ºC, 80 ºC, dan 60 ºC. Evaluasi serbuk kering labu siam meliputi uji organoleptik, kadar air, laju alir, sudut istirahat, indeks kompresibilitas, dan distribusi ukuran partikel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa serbuk berwarna coklat, bau khas aromatik dan rasa manis, kadar air 2,50-2,80%, waktu alir 5-6 detik yang menunjukkan sifat alir yang baik, sudut istirahat 32,21-33,42 º yang menunjukkan serbuk mudah mengalir, dan indeks kompresibilitas 10%-18%. Distribusi ukuran partikel serbuk kering labu siam adalah serbuk halus dengan rentang ukuran partikel 0,5-0,7 mm. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan tidak ada pengaruh signifikan variasi suhu terhadap sifat fisik serbuk kering labu siam. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah variasi suhu pengeringan (100 ºC, 80 ºC, dan 60 ºC) tidak mempengaruhi sifat fisik serbuk kering labu siam.
Choosing the Tax Regime for Private Pensions – Possibility of a New Option for the Beneficiary
Authors: Carvalho Fábio , Murgel Inês
Published: December 2024

This article aims to analyze the changes in the tax legislation for supplementary pension plans, specifically with regard to the timing of the option for the tax regime. The changes made to Law No. 11,053 of 2004 by Law No. 14,803 of 2024 allow the choice of tax regime to be made when the accumulated amount is first redeemed or when the supplementary pension benefit is obtained. With this legislative change, beneficiaries who were already in this condition before January 11, 2024, and who opted for the regressive regime will not be able to opt for the progressive regime. However, if these pensioners and beneficiaries were already in this condition before the enactment of Law 14.803/2024 and were being taxed under the progressive regime, they may opt for the regressive taxation regime.
ANALYSIS OF TRADITIONAL MARKET TRADERS' SURVIVAL STRATEGIES AND SOCIAL, CULTURAL, AND ECONOMIC INTERACTIONS IN THE DIGITAL ERA
Authors: Rahma Novita Dhea , Urrahman Assyfa , Lubis Rahmad Ismail , Darmawan Aldy Fauzan , Hidayat M Taufik , Desky Ahmad Fernanda
Published: December 2024

This research aims to explore the strategies adopted by traditional market traders, particularly the groceries traders at Pajak MMTC Medan City, in responding to the development of the digital market. The approach used in this research is qualitative with data collection methods through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentation studies. The data analysis techniques used include data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The research findings show that although Sembako traders in MMTC face challenges from the digital market, they implement various strategies to survive, such as adapting to technology, improving service quality, and strengthening social relationships with consumers. Social interactions rich in local cultural values and mutually beneficial economic relationships are the main factors in maintaining their business continuity. This research is expected to provide deeper insights into the dynamics of traditional markets in the digital era and provide policy recommendations to support the survival of traditional market traders in big cities.
SITUS INVERSUS TOTALIS, AN UNEXPECTED FINDING
Authors: Ali Yamna , Ali Sadia , Atif Durkho , Khan Ziad Ali
Published: December 2024

Situs inversus totalis is a congenital positional anomaly of major visceral organs. For example, the left atrium of heart is positioned in right chest instead of its usual location on the left, a condition termed as Dextrocardia. The anatomic relation of the organs is maintained, however their positions are completely reversed, thus the patient remains asymptomatic, usually diagnosed incidentally. This case pertains to a 39 year old female who presented to the emergency department 18 days postpartum with chief complaints of bilateral pedal edema and orthopnea Her ECG and cardiac enzymes were sent to rule out myocardial infarction as a cause of her orthopnea. The ECG showed right axis deviation. Later, her echocardiography was carried out which confirmed a diagnosis of Postpartum Cardiomyopathy. On further imaging, the diagnosis of Situs Inversus with dextrocardia was established. Timely diagnosis of situs inversus is necessary as it is associated with abnormalities like Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia and early screening aids in reducing comorbidities and mortality This case highlights the utmost importance of prompt diagnosis of situs inversus as most often such cases remain asymptomatic and are diagnosed incidentally.
Uso de juegos didácticos y el desarrollo de habilidades cognitivas en niños de 4 a 6 años.
Authors: García Marilyn Stefany , Herrera Lorena Silvia , Lucas Rodríguez Giselle Nathaly , Sánchez Barco Betsy Aracelly , Quijije Logroño Elizabeth Briggitte
Published: December 2024

Este artículo examina el efecto de los juegos didácticos en el desarrollo de habilidades cognitivas en niños de 4 a 6 años, una etapa clave para la adquisición de capacidades como la memoria, la concentración y la capacidad de resolver problemas. La investigación se basó en un enfoque mixto, combinando métodos cuantitativos y cualitativos para analizar tanto los resultados cognitivos como las percepciones de los docentes sobre el uso de juegos en el aula. Se seleccionó una muestra intencional no probabilística de 30 niños de varias instituciones preescolares que ya utilizaban juegos didácticos en su plan de estudios. Los resultados mostraron mejoras significativas en las habilidades cognitivas, especialmente en la atención y la resolución de problemas. Las pruebas aplicadas antes y después de la intervención revelaron un notable aumento en el rendimiento cognitivo, lo que indica que los juegos didácticos proporcionan un entorno favorable para el desarrollo del pensamiento crítico. Además, las entrevistas con los docentes señalaron que los juegos capturaron la atención de los niños, promoviendo el aprendizaje activo y colaborativo en el aula.
Impacto de los recursos tic en el aprendizaje del idioma inglés en el sistema educativo ecuatoriano: Una revisión
Authors: Espinoza Morales Juan , Cruz Cortez Diana , Valencia Verdesoto Tatiana , Tituaña Villagómez Andreina , Lozano León Kiara
Published: December 2024

Los avances en la tecnología han permitido una mejorada colección de recursos disponibles para el aprendizaje autónomo en los entornos actuales de aprendizaje, por tal motivo este artículo de revisión narrativa con un diseño descriptivo y analítico tiene como objetivo evaluar críticamente el desempeño e impacto de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) en la enseñanza de inglés como lengua extranjera en el sistema educativo actual. La revisión de los estudios previos, realizada por una búsqueda bibliográfica en Google Scholar, como nuestra base de datos, fueron utilizados para sintetizar y redactar la literatura y así comprender las TIC en su apoyo para el desarrollo de las habilidades del lenguaje. El presente trabajo también considera los obstáculos que enfrentan tanto docentes como estudiantes al integrar estas herramientas tecnológicas en el aula y explora las estrategias que los docentes pueden utilizar para el correcto desempeño del uso de las tecnologías de la información que han sido delineadas en investigaciones anteriores. La literatura analizada señala que las TIC son una herramienta flexible que ofrece beneficios al tener a disposición recursos educativos interactivos que, junto con una constante formación del docente, aumenta la motivación de los estudiantes, por ende, ellos se sienten en un ambiente óptimo para aprender el idioma en cuestión y así estar más en contacto con el lenguaje en contextos de la vida real, ayudándolos a comunicarse según sus necesidades y entorno efectivamente.
Use of CRISPER for Gene Editing in Mosquito that Transmit Malaria
Authors: Qurat-ul-Ain  , Fatima Ishaq  , Uzma Tariq  , Muhammad Saqib  , Mubashar Ali  , Shahbaz Qalandar  , Muhammad Faisal  , Asifa Mobeen  , Muhammad Arsalan  , Rahmeen Ajaz
Published: December 2024

Malaria is one of global silent and thoughtful medical concern, caused by Plasmodium parasites which is spread via the bites of female mosquitos specifically Anopheles gambiae. In spite of current and advanced vector control measures and therapeutic precautions, the development of insecticide-resistant mosquitoes encourages the requirement for new approaches for its management like herbal products or gene-editing. CRISPR/Cas9, a new genome-manipulating technique, provides incomparable precision and competence for genetic modulation that makes it a promising option for suppressing malaria-carrying populations of mosquito. The CRISPR/Cas9 system contains of the Cas9 nuclease and a guide RNA, which work collectively to make alterations in targeted DNA. In mosquitos, this technique has been used to decrease number of malarias spreading vectors by targeting its productiveness or viability genes. Active transport of CRISPR/Cas9 composite into mosquito cells is crucial for effective gene editing, and more than a few techniques have been developed and improved. Microinjection is a frequently employed method that contains injecting Cas9 protein, mRNA, and guide RNA straight into embryos of vector. Receptor-Mediated Ovary Transduction of Cargo, which updates the transfer procedure by inserting Cas9-peptide complexes into adult female mosquitos. These short-proteins fix to specific ovary receptors, permitting the carriage for removal. Improving CRISPR/Cas9 delivery methods is important for actual and active gene editing in vector mosquitos. These advances can aid to shape effective preventive measures.
PROPANNI KATALITIK AROMATLASh UChUN TANLANGAN KATALIZATORLARNING FIZIK-KIMYOVIY VA KATALITIK XARAKTERISTIKALARI
Authors: Nomozova Sadokat Iskandarqizi , Fayzullaev Normurod Ibodullaevich , Hamidov Davron Ruzimurodovich , Raximov Ganisher Baxtiyorovich
Published: December 2024

In the work, the physicochemical and catalytic characteristics of catalysts selected for catalytic aromatization of propane were studied. The conversion of propane was studied at a temperature of 450°C and a pressure of 4 atm. Liquid and gaseous process products were analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography in 40 m long SE-30 capillary columns with helium as the carrier gas. Analysis of X-ray data shows that all synthesized samples have a zeolite structure. There are no reflections in diffraction patterns that do not belong to this structural type, and there is also no strong background characteristic of amorphous mixtures. All these indicate the high phase purity of the obtained materials. In contrast to the  sample, the crystalline spirit oxide phase is observed in and . It was possible to prepare a number of samples by mechanical displacement of   with and establish a correlation between the reflection intensity at 2θ=36.4°С and the composition of  crystals in these samples. A comparison of the initial rate of conversion of propane to aromatic hydrocarbons in spirit-containing and acidic high-silica mesoporous zeolites showed that modification with spirit leads to a significant increase in catalyst activity at the initial stages of conversion. No correlation was found between the initial velocities and the concentration of acid centers. On the contrary, a linear correlation was observed with the number of Lewis acid centers. Thus, it was shown that in the initial stages of conversion of propane to aromatic hydrocarbons, the main role is played by L-centers, which include alcohol.
MIS BOYITISH FABRIKASI TEXNOGEN CHIQINDILARIDAN METALLARNI AJRATIB OLISH BO‘YICHA TADQIQOTLAR
Authors: Masidikov Elyar Mirsodikovich , Abduraxmonov Soib Аbduraxmonovich , Axtamov Fozil Erkinovich
Published: December 2024

The article presents the results of research on the development of effective methods for processing mineral raw materials with high recovery of valuable components. In addition, the results of experiments on processing waste from copper concentration factories and their granulometric, mineralogical and chemical compositions are presented. Storing this waste involves large material costs and at the same time causes some damage to the environment.
Communicative Intuition in HRI: Intuitive Understanding, Cognitive Evolution, and Mental Models in Socially Assistive Robots (SAR)
Authors: Lombardo Claudio
Published: December 2024

This study explores the use of artificially simulated intuition and mental models in Socially Assistive Robots (SAR) to enhance Human Robot Interaction (HRI). A multidisciplinary approach is proposed, integrating neuroscience, cognitive evolution, and empathy studies to address the limitations of the traditional Theory of Mind (ToM) as applied to SAR. The goal is to develop advanced social robotics models capable of intuitively interpreting and responding to human signals, leveraging principles of cybernetics and complex systems. This approach supports the hypothesis that SAR with multisensory capabilities and simulated intuition can foster human-like empathy, reducing the uncanny valley effect and advancing SAR applicability in healthcare, education, and personal assistance.
Integrating Fundamental Biology and Translational Potential: Advancing the Frontiers of Membrane Biology through Dynamic Modulation of Cellular Membranes Proteins
Authors: Faruk Eman Mohammed
Published: December 2024

Cellular membranes are highly dynamic structures that undergo constant remodeling to support a variety of cellular processes, including signaling, endocytosis, vesicle trafficking, and cell migration. This dynamic behavior is largely regulated by the interactions between phospholipids, which form the lipid bilayer, and membrane-deforming proteins, which induce changes in membrane curvature and shape. Phospholipids such as phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylinositol, and phosphatidylserine provide structural stability to the membrane and act as signaling molecules that modulate membrane dynamics. Membrane-deforming proteins, including BAR-domain proteins (Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs domain), Clathrin, and dynamin, interact with phospholipids to bend, pinch, or remodel the membrane, facilitating vesicle formation and endocytosis. The coordinated action between phospholipids and membrane-deforming proteins is crucial for cellular functions such as membrane repair, signal transduction, and cell motility. This review explores the roles of these two key components in the dynamic modulation of cellular membranes and their importance in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Understanding these interactions may provide insights into diseases associated with membrane dysfunction, offering potential therapeutic targets.
PREVALENCE OF ANTERIOR INNOMINATE DYSFUNCTION AMONG FEMALES
Authors: Saria Naeem  , Afifa Akram  , Eman Haroon  , Uswa Tuz Zahra  , Sundas Farooq  , Zain Ali
Published: December 2024

Background: Anterior Innominate Dysfunction (AID) significantly impacts the quality of life in females, particularly due to its association with lower back pain (LBP). Understanding its prevalence and implications can guide improvements in healthcare interventions.
Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of AID among females suffering from LBP and to advocate for enhanced healthcare strategies to boost the overall well-being of this population.
Methods: A cross-sectional study design was utilized, involving 54 female patients from various hospital settings who reported LBP. The age range of the participants was 20 to 45 years. Diagnostic evaluation included pain provocative tests for Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction (SIJD), such as the compression test, distraction test, sacral thrust, thigh thrust, and Gaenslen's test. Pain intensity and disability were assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and the Modified Oswestry Disability Index (MODI). Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 20.
Results: The study identified that 9.26% of the participants were diagnosed with AID based on clinical assessments. The data analysis provided a clear indication of the presence and extent of AID among the studied cohort.
Conclusion: The prevalence of AID among the study population was found to be 9.26%. The findings suggest the necessity for future research with a larger sample size to explore the causative factors of AID across a broader demographic. Further studies are also recommended to assess the impact of early interventions and management strategies for AID.
PROBLEMS OF AND PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF RAILWAY INFRASTRUCTURE IN KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Baimukhamedova A.M. , Baimukhamedova G.S. , Komissarova O.V.
Published: December 2024

The rail transport remains and will in the foreseeable future remain the main mode of transport in Kazakhstan. Its importance is enhanced by the growing transit rail traffic between China and the European Union as well as between the Central Asian countries and Russia, by the fact that Kazakhstan is a landlocked country and by an active development of the Chinese Belt and Road Initiative. This is why it is so important to consider the problems of and prospects for the development of railway infrastructure in the country. The study is based on the relevant literature review and interviews with representatives of major market players and academia.

Теміржол көлігі Қазақстандағы жақын болашақта негізгі көлік түрі болып қала береді және болып қала береді. Оның маңыздылығы Қытай мен Еуропалық Одақ, сондай-ақ Орталық Азия елдері мен Ресей арасындағы транзиттік теміржол тасымалының өсуімен, Қазақстанның теңізге шыға алмайтындығымен және Қытайдың «Бір белдеу, бір жол» бастамасының белсенді дамуымен арта түседі. Сондықтан еліміздегі теміржол инфрақұрылымын дамытудың проблемалары мен перспективаларын қарастыру өте маңызды. Зерттеу тиісті әдебиеттерді шолуға және нарықтың негізгі ойыншылары мен академиялық орта өкілдерімен сұхбаттарға негізделген.

Железнодорожный транспорт остается и в обозримом будущем останется основным видом транспорта в Казахстане. Его значение усиливается растущими транзитными железнодорожными перевозками между Китаем и Европейским Союзом, а также между странами Центральной Азии и Россией, тем, что Казахстан не имеет выхода к морю, а также активным развитием китайской инициативы «Пояс и путь». Именно поэтому так важно рассмотреть проблемы и перспективы развития железнодорожной инфраструктуры в стране. Исследование основано на обзоре соответствующей литературы и интервью с представителями основных игроков рынка и научных кругов.
Анализ социально-экономического развития регионов Казахстана
Authors: Лучанинова А.А. , Притула Е.Е.
Published: December 2024

В Республике Казахстан отмечается диспропорция развития территории. Целью исследования является анализ развития территориального неравенства на основе показателей реального сектора экономики и социальной политики. Ключевой задачей является определение факторов неравномерного развития регионов. Полученные данные дали возможность выявить причины данных явлений и оценить качество экономического пространства регионов Казахстана. На основе анализа было показано, что развитие территорий в Казахстане сосредоточено в полюсах роста сервисной экономики и регионах с ярко выраженной горнодобывающей промышленностью.

Қазақстан Республикасында аумақты дамытудың диспропорциясы байқалады. Зерттеудің мақсаты экономиканың нақты секторы мен әлеуметтік саясаттың көрсеткіштері негізінде аумақтық теңсіздіктің дамуын талдау болып табылады. Негізгі міндет өңірлердің біркелкі емес даму факторларын анықтау болып табылады. Алынған деректер осы құбылыстардың себептерін анықтауға және Қазақстан өңірлерінің экономикалық кеңістігінің сапасын бағалауға мүмкіндік берді. Талдау негізінде Қазақстандағы аумақтардың дамуы сервистік экономиканың өсу полюстерінде және тау-кен өнеркәсібі айқын өңірлерде шоғырланғандығы көрсетілді.

There is a disproportion in the development of the territory in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The purpose of the study is to analyze the development of territorial inequality based on indicators of the real sector of the economy and social policy. The key task is to identify the factors of uneven development of the regions. The data obtained made it possible to identify the causes of these phenomena and assess the quality of the economic space of the regions of Kazakhstan. Based on the analysis, it was shown that the development of territories in Kazakhstan is concentrated in the poles of growth of the service economy and regions with a pronounced mining industry.
РЕШЕНИЕ ЗАДАЧ МНОГОКРИТЕРИАЛЬНОЙ ОПТИМИЗАЦИИ ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕННЫХ ПРОЦЕССОВ
Authors: Еслямов С.Г.
Published: December 2024

В статье рассмотрены системы оперативного и адаптивного управления (СОАУ) с учетом комплекса показателей финансово-хозяйственной деятельности (ФХД) предприятия. Комплексный учет этих показателей весьма проблематичен из-за отсутствия системного подхода к проблеме в целом, недостаточной разработки вопросов информационного и математического обеспечения. Автором разработана математическая модель рещения задачи многокритериальной оптимизации производственных процессов.

Мақалада кәсіпорынның қаржылық-шаруашылық қызметінің (ҚЭҚ) көрсеткіштерінің жиынтығын ескере отырып, операциялық және бейімделген басқару жүйелері (OSAC) қарастырылады. Бұл көрсеткіштерді кешенді есепке алу проблемаға тұтастай жүйелі көзқарастың жоқтығынан, ақпараттық-математикалық қамтамасыз ету мәселелерінің жеткіліксіз дамуымен байланысты өте проблемалы болып табылады. Автор өндірістік процестерді көпкритериалды оңтайландыру мәселесін шешудің математикалық моделін жасады.

The article considers the systems of operational and adaptive management (SOAM) taking into account a set of indicators of financial and economic activity (FEA) of the enterprise. Complex accounting of these indicators is very problematic due to the lack of a systematic approach to the problem as a whole, insufficient development of information and mathematical support. The author has developed a mathematical model of solving the problem of multicriteria optimisation of production processes.
Некоторые особенности формирования правового статуса личности в Казахстане
Authors: Узакбаева А.Б. , Шунаева С.М.
Published: December 2024

В статье авторы, опираясь на анализ научной литературы, статей и нормативно-правовых актов, раскрывают некоторые особенности формирования правового статуса личности в Казахстане. Необходимость изучения данного вопроса является эффективным инструментом в понимании основополагающих принципов правового государства и построение взаимоотвественных отношений между государством и гражданином. Знание и анализ различных подходов в понимании правового статуса личности, позволяет раскрыть данный юридический феномен в полном объеме.

Мақалада авторлар ғылыми әдебиеттерді, мақалалар мен нормативтік-құқықтық актілерді талдауға сүйене отырып, Қазақстанда жеке тұлғаның құқықтық мәртебесін қалыптастырудың кейбір ерекшеліктерін ашады. Бұл мәселені зерделеу қажеттілігі құқықтық мемлекеттің негізгі қағидаттарын түсінудің және мемлекет пен азамат арасындағы өзара қарымқатынастарды құрудың тиімді құралы болып табылады. Тұлғаның құқықтық мәртебесін түсінудегі әртүрлі тәсілдерді білу және талдау осы заңды құбылысты толық ашуға мүмкіндік береді.

In the article, the authors, based on the analysis of scientific literature, articles and normative legal acts, reveal some features of the formation of the legal status of an individual in Kazakhstan. The need to study this issue is an effective tool in understanding the fundamental principles of the rule of law and building mutually beneficial relations between the state and the citizen. Knowledge and analysis of various approaches to understanding the legal status of a person allows us to reveal this legal phenomenon in full.
Program Tahfiz Al-Qur’an di SMP Negeri 19 Kota Banda Aceh; Tinjauan Paradigma dan Praktik
Authors: Akmal Darul
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini membahas mengenai Program Tahfiz di SMP Negeri 19 Kota Banda Aceh sebagai program unggulan di sekolah tersebut. Kenyataannya, motivasi menghafal Al-Qur’an disekolah tersebut tidak hanya untuk tujuan kognisi tapi juga bagian dari pendidikan berparadigma Al-Qur’an. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif terhadap temuan pustaka dan lapangan. Diketahui bahwa program Tahfiz Al-Qur’an berlandaskan semangat Al-Qur’an dimana didalamnya memiliki unsur kemudahan, penyembuhan, ketenangan, dan kecerdasan spiritual, dan menggunakan metode pengajaran yang efektif seperti teknologi modern. Dengan memfasilitasi hafalan dan pemahaman Al-Qur’an, siswa juga dapat mengatasi tantangan emosional, program ini mendukung pengembangan kompetensi, spiritualitas dan penerapan nilai-nilai Al-Qur’an dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, sehingga berkontribusi secara signifikan terhadap pencapaian prestasi siswa.
Kewajiban Belajar-Mengajar Dalam Konteks Tafsir Tarbawi
Authors: Permana Diansyah , Ridwan Endan Hamdan , Gandara Tedi
Published: December 2024

Kewajiban belajar-mengajar merupakan aspek fundamental dalam Islam yang bertujuan membentuk individu yang berilmu dan berakhlak mulia. Penelitian ini membahas konsep kewajiban belajar-mengajar dalam perspektif tafsir tarbawi untuk memahami landasan normatif dan praktisnya dalam pendidikan Islam. Latar belakang penelitian ini adalah perlunya interpretasi ayat-ayat al-Qur’an terkait pendidikan yang relevan dengan tantangan pendidikan modern. Penelitian menggunakan metode penelitian pustaka (library research) dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Data diperoleh dari jurnal akademik, kitab tafsir klasik dan kontemporer, serta literatur pendidikan Islam. Pendekatan tafsir maudhui (tematik) digunakan untuk menganalisis ayat-ayat al-Qur'an dan hadis terkait kewajiban belajar-mengajar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kewajiban belajar-mengajar tidak hanya merupakan tuntutan individual, tetapi juga memiliki dimensi sosial untuk membangun masyarakat yang berpengetahuan dan bertanggung jawab. Konsep tafsir tarbawi menekankan pentingnya transfer ilmu yang diiringi pembentukan akhlak sebagai bagian integral dari proses pendidikan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa kewajiban belajar-mengajar dalam Islam berlandaskan prinsip kesetaraan, keadilan, dan tanggung jawab, yang relevan untuk diaplikasikan dalam berbagai konteks pendidikan saat ini. Studi ini diharapkan dapat menjadi rujukan dalam mengembangkan pendidikan berbasis nilai-nilai Islam.
Prinsip Proporsionalitas dalam Penerapan Hukuman Pidana di Indonesia
Authors: Setiawan Deni , Juna Awan Maulidin , Fadillah M. Surya , Oktarianda Sabdia , Zulkarnen Zulkarnen , Rizal Agus , Satrio Ibnu
Published: December 2024

Prinsip proporsionalitas merupakan konsep penting dalam sistem hukum pidana yang memastikan bahwa hukuman yang dijatuhkan seimbang dengan beratnya tindak pidana yang dilakukan. Di Indonesia, penerapan prinsip ini bertujuan untuk mencapai keadilan substantif dan menjaga keseimbangan dalam penegakan hukum. Meskipun prinsip proporsionalitas telah diakui secara normatif, tantangan dalam implementasinya masih banyak ditemukan, seperti adanya disparitas hukuman, ketidakkonsistenan putusan, dan pengaruh tekanan sosial terhadap keputusan pengadilan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis landasan filosofis dan yuridis dari prinsip proporsionalitas serta mengidentifikasi kendala dan solusi dalam penerapannya di Indonesia. Dengan metode penelitian pustaka, kajian ini mengumpulkan dan menganalisis literatur hukum, peraturan, serta studi kasus yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kurangnya pedoman yang tegas dan terbatasnya pemahaman hakim mengenai prinsip proporsionalitas menjadi hambatan utama dalam penerapannya. Kesimpulannya, untuk memastikan prinsip proporsionalitas diterapkan secara adil, diperlukan pedoman yang lebih spesifik, pelatihan bagi hakim, serta peningkatan transparansi dalam putusan pengadilan. Langkah-langkah ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kualitas keadilan dalam sistem peradilan pidana di Indonesia sesuai dengan nilai keadilan yang dijunjung dalam Pancasila dan UUD 1945.
Perkembangan Teori dan Penerapan Asas Legalitas dalam Hukum Pidana Indonesia
Authors: Iskandar Dedi , W.N Zulbaidah , Almanda Angga , Abdinur Iswandi , Putra Devi Yanda , Andriani Cut Yessi , Zulhazrul Zulhazrul
Published: December 2024

Asas legalitas merupakan prinsip fundamental dalam hukum pidana yang menegaskan bahwa tidak ada perbuatan yang dapat dipidana tanpa aturan hukum yang jelas sebelumnya (nullum crimen, nulla poena sine lege). Dalam hukum pidana Indonesia, asas ini menjadi landasan utama dalam menciptakan kepastian hukum dan melindungi hak asasi manusia, sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 1 ayat (1) KUHP. Namun, perkembangan kejahatan modern seperti kejahatan siber, tindak pidana transnasional, dan kompleksitas hukum internasional memunculkan tantangan baru dalam penerapan asas legalitas. Ketidakjelasan perumusan undang-undang, keterbatasan regulasi, dan kebutuhan fleksibilitas hukum menjadi isu yang memengaruhi efektivitas asas ini.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perkembangan teori asas legalitas, tantangan dalam penerapannya, serta langkah-langkah untuk memperkuat relevansinya di era hukum modern. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian pustaka, penelitian ini mengkaji literatur hukum, putusan pengadilan, dan norma internasional yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan asas legalitas memerlukan pembaruan regulasi untuk mengakomodasi perkembangan teknologi, peningkatan kompetensi aparat hukum, dan harmonisasi dengan hukum internasional.  Kesimpulannya, meskipun asas legalitas menghadapi tantangan, upaya reformasi dan adaptasi yang tepat dapat menjadikannya tetap relevan sebagai landasan utama dalam sistem hukum pidana Indonesia yang adil, efektif, dan responsif terhadap kebutuhan masyarakat.
Pengelolaan Tata Ruang Kantor Dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Guru di SMK Negeri 1 Penanggalan
Authors: Maha Andong
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini didasarkan pada pengelolaan tata ruang kantor dalam meningkatkan kualitas pencapaian kinerja guru. Tata ruang kantor sangatlah erat kaitannya dengan aktivitas guru, seperti memberikan informasi, melayani siswa, pelaksanaan penilaian pembelajaran dan saling berinteraksi di ruang kantor dapat memberikan kenyamanan dan meningkatkan profesionalisme kinerja guru. Maka dari itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan tata ruang kantor dalam peningkatan kinerja guru di SMK Negeri 1 Penanggalan. Penelitian ini menghasilkan data informasi mengenai situasi yaitu suatu keadaan yang apa adanya, pada saat penelitian itu dilakukan. Oleh karena itu peneliti menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan memakai pendekatan kualitatif melalui teknik obeservasi dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Tata ruang kantor yang mendukung dan fasilitas yang memadai, mampu menunjang kinerja guru di SMK Negeri 1 Penanggalan yang mengalami peningkatan dari sebelumnya. Dapat dilihat dari pelayanannya, aktivitas kerja yang lebih teratur, mampu menyelesaikan pekerjaan tepat waktu, disiplin dalam bekerja dan saling bekerjasama untuk mencapai tujuan pendidikan
Pemberdayaan Wanita Melalui Olahan Pala Di Desa Ujung Karang Kecamatan Sawang Kabupaten Aceh Selatan
Authors: Zartinawati Nurfitrah , Mujiati Asfi , Maulida Aura , Aksiyah Eli , Yendari Tirza Dwi , Putri Dira Nita Yulia , Munira Munira , Rosita Nopi
Published: December 2024

Pala merupakan salah satu buah hasil dari kekayaan alam yang berada di Aceh Selatan. Buah pala memiliki nilai tambah yang sangat tinggi. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data dengan wawancara dan observasi. Peneliti melakukan wawancara langsung kepada masyarakat dengan perntayaan yang sudah disiapkan sebelumnya. Selanjutnya mengumpulkan data dengan mensurvey ke lapangan dan mengamati secara langsung bagaimana cara mengolah dan manfaat dari produk tersebut. Pemanfaatan buah pala dapat dioptimalkan oleh industri rumahan di Desa ujung karang melalui diversifikasi produk yang memanfaatkan daging buah pala. Buah pala dapat diproses menjadi produk manisan pala, sirup pala, minyak pala dan balsem pala yang merupakan oleh-oleh khas Aceh Selatan.
Impact of Livelihood Diversification on the Economic Performance of Rural Households in Nasarawa State, Nigeria
Authors: Anyachukwudinarum Roseline Ojoromiwa , Ashagidigbi Waheed Mobolaji , Afolabi Jimoh Atanda , Akinrinola Olumide
Published: December 2024

This study examined the impact of livelihood diversification on the economic performance of rural households in Nasarawa state, Nigeria. Multistage sampling procedure was used to select 390 respondents. Endogenous switching regression model was employed to carry out the impact analysis of diversified agricultural and non-agricultural activities on rural households’ economic performance of which income, poverty gap, and severity were indicators. The empirical findings revealed that rural household’s age, gender, level of education, access to market, membership of cooperatives, access to public transport and rural-urban seasonal migration significantly influenced income, while gender, level of education, household size, access to farmland, access to market, membership of cooperative and entrepreneurial skills significantly influenced rural households’ poverty gap and severity. Improved income of rural households in the study area promotes agricultural activities which is the mainstay of their economy. In conclusion, livelihood diversification improves living standard and reduces poverty for rural families and their communities.
Image-Based Solutions for Precision Food Loss Evaluation
Authors: Csordas Adrian
Published: December 2024

The high amount of food loss and waste significantly challenges the sustainable development. The agriculture needs rapid and fundamental transformation to enhance its efficient and sustainabile operation. However, to measure precisely the effect of the new policies and practices is also difficult. The present study analyses the applied methods’ data sources, as one of the key factors regarding the effective estimation of food loss and waste. By conducting a systematic literature review using the PRISMA approach, a lack of scientific focus was found related to the new data collection methods. Based on the selected articles reasonably slight amount joined the application of image processing to food loss estimation related purposes. The reviewed studies principally used the image-based solutions for the prevention and reduction of on-farm food loss. This recognition lighted up the application of image processing in agriculture, but only the thematic map analysis revealed the privileged status of ”plant disease detection” within the studied area. The results suggest the possibility of applying image-based data sources to quantify food loss. Even though the limitations of agricultural image processing, the application of new data sources, and methods could considerably improve the accuracy of food loss and waste quantification in addition to the operation on farm level in short term.
Risk Optimality and, Subscription and Subscription Intensity of Weather Index Insurance: Application of T-MOTAD and Negative Binomial Double Hurdle Model
Authors: Koufie Augustine , de-Graft Acquah Henry , Dadzie Samuel Kwesi Ndzebah
Published: December 2024

This study sought to analyze risk efficient income and examine its effect on subscription and subscription intensity of weather index insurance (WII). Data was obtained from food crop farmers who were randomly sampled from the Upper West Region; and further, the T-MOTAD and Negative binomial hurdle model were estimated to arrive at the study findings. The study fills methodological gap by estimating the negative binomial hurdle and Zero-inflated negative binomial models as advancement of the Poisson regression model. Further, AIC, BIC, Log-likelihood, rootogram as well as the Vuong test were employed to ascertain the empirical superiorities of the estimated models to the data set. Results show that the risk efficient plans’ incomes of GHS9403.42 ($854.08) and GHS9835.10 ($893.29) are higher than that of the income of GHS7412.97 ($673.29) from the farmer’s optimal plans. Also, about two-third of farmers have subscribed to the weather index insurance in the study area; for intensity of subscription, 0.39ha on average out of every hectare of land cultivated is covered with the weather index insurance. The negative binomial hurdle model showed empirical superiority for the fit of the data set. The farmer’s decision to subscribe and their subscription intensity of the weather index insurance are significantly influence by age, sex, farm size, experience, education, insurance prompt payment, extension service, credit access and risk efficient income. It is recommended that farmers should adopt the risk efficient plan to earn higher income to be able to afford WII premium, as this will increase their subscription intensity.