bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diet and Prey Selection of Barn Swallows (Hirundo rustica) at Vancouver International Airport
Authors: Law Audrey A. , Threlfall Miranda E. , Tijman Brendon A. , Anderson Eric M. , McCann Sean , Searing Gary , Bradbeer David
Published: July 2017

The Barn Swallow (Hirundo rustica) is the most widely distributed aerial insectivore in north America, but has declined appreciably in recent decades. reasons for these declines are largely unknown, though presumably relate mainly to changes in prey availability. To help inform conservation priorities for this species, we assessed their diet and prey selection using birds lethally struck by aircraft at Vancouver International Airport (YVR). Esophagi and gizzards of 31 Barn Swallows collected from june 2013 to october 2013 contained insects mainly from the orders Hymenoptera (mean across birds = 40% of insect numbers), Diptera (31%), Hemiptera (15%), and Coleoptera (12%). To assess prey selection, we compared the esophagi and gizzard contents of 20 swallows collected from July 2013 to September 2013 to populations of aerial insects we sampled during the same period using Malaise traps. Barn Swallows selected strongly for insects in the order Hymenoptera (mainly Formicidae, which comprised 29% of diet), and selected against insects in the orders Coleoptera, Diptera, and Lepidoptera. For all prey taxa combined, Barn Swallows displayed strong selection for insects of length 4−8 mm (body length excluding appendages). Conversely, they selected against smaller and larger insects, despite the fact that smaller insects comprised about 80% of all insects sampled in Malaise traps. Combined with past studies, our results suggest that Barn Swallows select among available aerial insects within local feeding sites for taxa that (i) are of intermediate size, (ii) occur at relatively high density, and (iii) have poor flight performance.
Publication Trends in The Canadian Field-Naturalist, 1980–2015
Authors: Halliday William D.
Published: July 2017

I examined publication trends for The Canadian Field-Naturalist (CFN) between 1980 and 2015 to determine whether a general decrease in natural history studies has been affecting CFN. I also establish a baseline of the types of authors that publish in CFN, and the types of studies that are typically published. Fewer but longer articles are being published every year. More authors per article with greater collaboration are publishing every year. The majority of authors are Canadian, but a large number of authors are from the USA. The majority of studies focus on vertebrates, and most of these focus on mammals, followed by birds, and then fish. Articles on basic biology are most common, although articles on conservation and species’ geographic ranges are also common. CFN remains an important outlet for basic biology and conservation studies, and despite the decreasing trends in the number of articles published per year, CFN will likely remain a keystone publication for natural history in Canada.
Extinguishing a Learned Response in a Free-ranging Gray Wolf (Canis lupus)
Authors: Mech L. David
Published: July 2017

A free-ranging Gray Wolf (Canis lupus), habituated to human presence (the author) on Ellesmere Island, Canada, learned to anticipate experimental feeding by a human, became impatient, persistent, and bold and exhibited stalking behaviour toward the food source. Only after the author offered the wolf about 90 clumps of dry soil over a period of 45 minutes in three bouts, did the wolf give up this behaviour. To my knowledge, this is the first example of extinguishing a learned response in a free-ranging wolf and provides new insight into the learning behaviour of such animals.
Degradation and performance evaluation of PV module in desert climate conditions with estimate uncertainty in measuring
Authors: Fezzani Amor , Mahammed Idriss , Said Drid , Zaghba Layachi , Bouchakour Abdelhak , Benbitour Messaouda , Oudjana Samir
Published: July 2017

The performance of photovoltaic (PV) module is affected by outdoor
conditions. Outdoor testing consists installing a module, and collecting
electrical performance data and climatic data over a certain period of time.
It can also include the study of long-term performance under real work
conditions. Tests are operated in URAER located in desert region of Gharda?a
(Algeria) characterized by high irradiation and temperature levels. The
degradation of PV module with temperature and time exposure to sunlight
contributes significantly to the final output from the module, as the output
reduces each year. This paper presents a comparative study of different
methods to evaluate the degradation of PV module after a long term exposure
of more than 12 years in desert region and calculates uncertainties in
measuring. Firstly, this evaluation uses three methods: Visual inspection,
data given by Solmetric PVA-600 Analyzer translated at Standard Test
Condition (STC) and based on the investigation results of the translation
equations as ICE 60891. Secondly, the degradation rates calculated for all
methods. Finally, a comparison between a degradation rates given by Solmetric
PVA-600 analyzer, calculated by simulation model and calculated by two
methods (ICE 60891 procedures 1, 2). We achieved a detailed uncertainty study
in order to improve the procedure and measurement instrument.
Profil Siswa Agresif Dan Peranan Guru BK
Authors: Hidayat Hafiz , Yusri Yusri , Ilyas Asmidir
Published: July 2017

Teenshave apositiveandnegativebehavior. Negativebehavioris notcharacteristicof normaladolescent development, adolescentsaredeveloping willexhibitpositivebehavior. One of theteensindicatednegativebehaviorisaggressivebehavior. It can be seeninSMAN5Padangisquarrelsome, liketeasing,hitting, pinchingher, sayingrude, insulting. This studyaimed to describe thetype ofaggressivebehaviorof studentsandthe role ofBKteachersto addressstudents'aggressivebehaviorSMAN5Padang. This studyused a descriptive approach. The study populationwas ahigh school studentPadangN5340peoplewith atotalsampleamounted to 77people. Questionnairedata collection techniquesto use. Datawere analyzed usingMicrosoftOfficeExcel 2007. The findingsshowed thatstudents'views of theaggressiveactionshurt peoplephysicallywith apercentage of35.32%, while theaggressiveactionsof the studentviewsofhurtingpeopleverbally41.30% and aggressionseenfromdamaginganddestroyingpropertyby30percent, 42%. Thismeans thatthe presence ofaggressivebehaviorinSMAN5Padang.
Perbedaan Motivasi Belajar, Mutu Keterampilan Belajar, dan Self Regulated Learning Siswa Kelas Diklat dan Siswa Kelas Reguler
Authors: Hidayat Hafiz , Nirwana Hernan , Syahniar Syahniar
Published: July 2017

This research was conducted as there was a difference between learning achievement of the students in regular class and in training class. Learning motivation, learning skill quality and self regulated learning are factors assumed to affect the students’ learning achievement. This research was intended to: (1) reveal the difference between learning motivation of the students in regular class and in training class, (2) the difference between learning skill quality of the students in regular class and in training class, and (3) self regulated learning of the students in regular class and in training class.This research applied descriptive comparative method. The population of the research was 312 students in class XI of SMA N 5 Padang. By using purposive sampling technique and simple random sampling technique, 65 students were chosen as the sample. The instrument of the research were learning motivation questionnaire (the reliability was 0.950), self regulated learning questionnaire (the reliability was 0.817), and AUM PTSDL Format SLTA (the reliability was 0.76). The data gathered then were analyzed by using Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA).The research findings indicated that: (1) learning motivation of the students both in training class and in regular class at SMA N 5 Padang was in high category, (2) in which significant difference learning motivation of the students in regular class was higher than that of students in training class, (3) the quality of students' learning skills training classes as very bad and regular classroom students classified as not good at SMA N 5 Padang, (4) there was a significant difference between learning skill quality of the students in regular class and in training class in which learning skill quality of the regular class was higher than that of the students in training class, and (5) students self regulated learning training class and regular class in high at SMA N 5 Padang is category good, (6) there were no significant differences in which self regulated learning training class students together with students regular class, (7) there are significant differences between the motivation to learn, the quality of learning skills, and self regulated learning training class students and students' regular classroom.
Komunikasi Interpersonal Anak dan Orangtua ditinjau dari Jenis Kelamin, Tingkat Pendidikan Orangtua, dan Daerah Tempat Tinggal serta Implikasinya pada Bimbingan dan Konseling
Authors: Aressa Vivy , Nirwana Herman , Bentri Alwen
Published: July 2017

Communication within the family is one of the means of parents instill the values to their children. This research background is the low skilled interpersonal communication of children and their parents. This study aimed to describe and examined: (1) interpersonal communication of children and parents in terms of sex, the last education of parent, and area of residence, (2) differences in interpersonal communication of children and parents in terms of sex, the last education of parent, and area of residence. The research methods applied in this research was ex post facto with factorial design 2 x 3 x 2. The population was students in SMAN 1 Maninjau and SMAN 1 Bukittinggi. The number of samples as much as 263 people were selected by cluster random sampling and combined with the technique propotional random sampling technique. The instruments used a Likert scale. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and using analysis of variance. Data analysis results showed that: (1) the general, interpersonal communication of children and parents in terms of sex, the last education of parents, and area of residence were in good category, (2) there are significant differences the variables sex, in the mean scores of female is higher than male students' the, the last education of parent and area of residence there are no differences significant. The implications of the results of this research can be used as input to create a program of guidance and counseling services, especially in the development of family.
Comparitive study of sensible and latent heat storage systems integrated with solar water heating unit
Authors: S.A.Vijay Padmaraju  , M.Viginesh  , N.Nallusamy  , N.Nallusamy
Published: July 2017

The present work has been undertaken to study the feasibility of storing solar energy using phase change materials (PCMs) and utilizing this energy to heat water for domestic applications during nighttime. This ensures that hot water is available through out the day. The storage system consists of two simultaneously functioning heat-absorbing units. One of them is a solar water heater and the other a heat storage unit consists of PCM. The solar water heater functions normally and supplies hot water during the day. The storage unit stores the heat in PCMís during the day and supplies hot water during the night and overcast periods. The storage unit utilizes small cylinders made of aluminium filled with paraffin (PCM) as the heat storage medium and integrated with a solar collector to absorb solar energy. The performance of this PCM based thermal energy storage system is compared with conventional sensible heat storage system and the conclusions drawn from them are presented.
Fault Diagnosis of tin oxide gas sensor using energy barrier and ART-2 neural network
Authors: In-Soo Lee  , Chang-Hyun Shim
Published: July 2017

We propose a method of fault diagnosis for tin oxide gas sensors using energy barriers at the contacting surfaces of the particles of tin oxide film and ART-2 NN (adaptive resonance theory 2 neural network) with uneven vigilance parameters. We diagnosed tin oxide gas sensors upon exposure to oil vapor, silicon vapor, and high humidity. The sensor feature for diagnosis was an energy barrier between particles extracted by temperature-simulated conductance measurement. The feature was manipulated by an ART-2 neural network and the performance was finally evaluated with real n-C4H10 gas. This method proves to be helpful to diagnose a fault that was typically generated by oil vapor, silicon vapor, and high humidity.
Investigation methods for power quality problems in large scale LV network
Authors: P. R. Wilczek  , M. C. Benhabib  , M. C. Benhabib  , J. M. A. Myrzik  , J. L. Duarte
Published: July 2017

Nowadays  the  number  of  nonlinear  loads  and dispersed  generators  connected  to  the  LV  network  increases.  The influence  of  nonlinear  devices,  like  energy  saving  lamps,  com-puters or photovoltaic inverters on power quality in the grid has to be investigated. Analysis of a large number of nonlinear devices in complex network is difficult since every device has to be simulated with  the  complete  model.  For  this  reason  a  new  method  is  devel-oped. In this method the complete model of a device is replaced by an  equivalent  reduced  model.  Since  the  model  is  simple,  a  large number of the devices can be simulated. In  this  paper  an  improved  equivalent  reduced  model  is  pre-sented. The improved model allows simulations of the behavior of the devices when a dip or swell occurs. Three nonlinear devices are measured  and  modeled.  Experimental  and  simulation  results  are presented.
Wireless module of localization and control for security
Authors: J. Luna Rodríguez  , V. Barranco López  , D. Bullejos Martín  , A. Sabariego Hernández
Published: July 2017

Solar parks and photovoltaic solar centrals are proliferating to produce more electric power. They are generally placed far away from city centres; consequently thefts of the panels occur quite commonly. We introduce an anti-theft system: a GPS programme which could detect the change of placement of a panel and track its position.
Design and implementation of an efficient hybrid system for electricity production
Authors: D. Hocine  , MS. Belkaid
Published: July 2017

The interfacial layer in a Schottky barrier solar cell plays an important role in determining the short circuit current, open circuit voltage, fill factor and efficiency of the cell. In this paper, we studied the effects of interfacial oxide layer thickness, interface state density and Ф0 (the level above the valence band to which surface states are filled in isolated semiconductor) on the open circuit voltage and efficiency of the SnO2/SiO2/Si (N) solar cells. From our analysis, we have found that the efficiency of the cell increases at first with the interfacial oxide layer thickness δ, and after acquiring a maximum value falls with a further increase of δ. We have optimized the interfacial layer thickness for maximum efficiency. The solar cell current–voltage characteristics under illumination are also computed for different values of insulator thickness δ. The results obtained by numerical simulation using Matlab programs are presented and discussed. The SnO2/SiO2/Si (N) solar cells, in which the interfacial oxide layer thickness is optimized to 21 A°, have an average open circuit voltage of 0.62 V and a short circuit current of 36 mA/cm². The calculated conversion efficiency of the cells can be as high as 17.5 %.
Biogas situation and development in Thai Swine Farm
Authors: Wongkot Wongsapai  , Poon Thienburanathum  , Prasert Rerkkriengkrai
Published: July 2017

The biogas technology in Thailand has been developed and adopted for many years, especially in the swine farm industry. The objectives of the biogas development are based on three main problems; i.e. (i) to reduce the appalling odor, (ii) to treat the wastewater, (iii) and to produce the biogas which is known as a renewable energy sources from the anaerobic digestion wastewater treatment processes. In this paper, the biogas situation including the technology development for swine farm in Thailand, which are mainly used the upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) bioreactor system, was discussed. From the results, we found that 11.6 million cubic meters of biogas per year would be produced under the government subsidization projects which gas then be used for various proposes; e.g. electricity generation, LPG or fuel oil substitution in boiler and heating system
A survey on voltage dip events in power systems
Authors: V. Barrera Núñez  , J. Meléndez Frigola,  , S. Herraiz Jaramillo
Published: July 2017

A general view of voltage dip analysis is presented in this paper. The objectives to perform voltage dip analysis, activities inside of this analysis and methodological aspects are described from a data mining perspective. Basic data mining principles were taken as the basis to identify similar steps in power quality works involving classification and knowledge discovery tasks. This paper is centred in voltage dip event diagnosis in order to reduce the study and focus the analysis.
Power systems disturbance classification using modular neural networks with multilayers experts
Authors: R. M. Magalhaes  , C. K. S. Santos  , J. D. Melo  , M. F. de Medeiros  , A.D. Dória Neto
Published: July 2017

This work evaluates the effectiveness of a new hybrid algorithm in the training of modular neural networks with multilayers specialists. The algorithm is applied on the classification of electric disturbances previously characterized and pre-processed, making possible the comparison between its performance with multilayers perceptrons networks. It presents the algorithm’s development and inclusion of delta-bar-delta rule, such as the data acquisition methodology and its preprocessing.
Wind tunnel assessment of small direct drive wind turbines with permanent magnets synchronous generators
Authors: M. PREDESCU  , A. BEJINARIU  , A. NEDELCU  , O. MITROI  , C. NAE  , M.V. PRICOP  , A. CRǍCIUNESCU
Published: July 2017

Most of the small wind turbines for battery charging application are direct drive type with permanent magnets synchronous generators. A major problem in designing small direct drive wind turbines is the matching between the power curves of turbine and generator. The maximum power is extracted out from wind and fed into the load only if it is a match between the power curves of turbine rotor and generator. The assessment of the main components performances which contribute to the conversion process, namely turbine and generator, is made in wind tunnel. The experiments described below were carried out on wind turbines with carefully studied blade profile and permanent magnets synchronous generator, designed using a dedicated procedure. The paper describes the experimental layout and the results of the wind tunnel tests of two wind turbines, 250W and 1kW, designed for battery charging. The work has two objectives: measurement of the power curve of the turbine and the performances of the turbine-generator assembly with the load and the verification of the design method for maximum power delivered to the load.
MODEL KOMUNIKASI ARSITEKTURALIS SEBAGAI MEDIA DAKWAH
Authors: Suharto Suharto
Published: July 2017

This paper deals with the dynamic of the development of technology and information that dominate every public spheres particularly in urban areas today. Modernization of technology plays an important role in determining the development of information and communication either in its capacity as a science or applied science. A myriad of communication models emerge and develop in the phenomenon of communication itself which indicate that modernization of communication is a  source of communication technology as applied science.  At the same time, modernization of communication using technologies is a part of causing factors to integration of communication compounded with modern architecture.  Therefore,  it can be used as a medium of Islamic preaching.
PENGEMBANGAN DAKWAH ALKHAIRAAT DI KOTA PALU
Authors: Nur Minan
Published: July 2017

The development of Islamic preaching carried out by Alkhairaat Palu has been influenced by dynamic economic struggle (mareso masagena), flexible local culture (nosampesuvu), and the wisdom of community’s leader either formal or informal (tataguna). Alkhairaat is an Islamic preaching institution that perform activities in such fields as preaching, education, and economic. This research used phenomenology in observing activities of preaching done by Alkhairaat influenced by the spirit of organization, which serves as nomena. The programs of Alkhairaat are explicitly expressed, while the ideological spirit of Guru Tua (the Old Teacher) is implicitly considered. The management of Alkhairaat is implemented from the central to local areas. The effectiveness of organization wheel is focused on the development of Islamic preaching, while the goal is to ensure the implementation of Islamic doctrines for Muslim community in accordance with the Quran and Sunnah.
A Concept: Enhancing Biology Learning Quality by Using Process Image
Authors: Yusmar Firdha , Susbandya Devin , Widita Eva Laila , Maghfiroh Lailiyah , Prihatin Jekti , Sutarto Sutarto
Published: July 2017

Biology learning cannot be separated from visual activities which a part of process skill approach. Visual activities involve process and supported by images. Meanwhile, the images are something that can depute real objects and have the same character of colours and shape as the original. The process is a series activities which take place gradually and continuously to achieve a goal. As for 'process image' is the series of pictures which visualise a phenomenon or a natural fact, so that students can understand the concepts and theories of biology that deals with the pictures. This paper aimed to describe the role of 'process image' to enhance High Order Thinking Skills (HOTS), retentions, process skills and learning achievements. The method of this research was analysed from some international journals about the effectiveness of process pictures in the Biology learning. Media of process image has many advantages in a visualisation of abstract concepts in the biology learning.
The Effectiveness of Problem Based Learning in Building Students' Character
Authors: Prabawati Mega Nur , Hermawan Tatang
Published: July 2017

Character building for the young generation nowadays is very urgent. It is because they see the phenomena that occur in the daily life of society and the challenges facing increasingly complex. Education implemented in schools not only provides the knowledge and skills that are academic only but can bring students to the next generation of the nation who not only have the skills of knowledge but also has a dignified character that can be reflected in the daily life of students. Education in schools through the activities of mathematical learning in the classroom should be well designed so that the purpose of shaping the character of students through learning of mathematics in school can be achieved. The purpose of building the character of the student is not easy, therefore a continuous and systematic plan is required. Lesson Design which contains the objectives of forming the character of the student should be seen, not just the impact of the accompanist of a learning plan only. One of the learning models that can build student character is problem-based learning. The character of the student can be built in each of the stages of problem-based learning include persistent, creative, tenacious, and curiosity.
Modeling Student Mathematics Achievement in Senior High School Based on Selection Results Using Gee 2 Method with Natural Spline
Authors: Syahuri Erfan , Tirta I Made , Lestari Budi , (Page 102-109) Dian Anggraeni
Published: July 2017

Every school has a vision and mission to become the superior institution so that it can compete and gain trust from the public. To achieve that, one of the efforts of the school is doing the selection of new students at the beginning of each academic year. In Lumajang region, admission of new students (PPDB) are selected using several components, such as national test scores (NUN) and Mapping/Placement Test(MP). This research explores the best model of the relationship between selection components (and other conditions of students at the time of selection) and academic achievement during high school (in the form semester mathematics grade) starting from Semester 1 till 5 at 3 schools in Lumajang regions. We apply Generalized Estimating Equation order 2 (GEE2) with Natural Spline. The results show that (i) the three schools, have a different model and PGRI has the highest mean, followed by SMA1and SMA3, as shown by significant negative estimates of the coefficients. (i) Although it is relatively small, distance from school has a negative contribution to the mathematics grade as shown by negative (but significant) coefficient; (ii) The Junior High School NUN has nonlinear (and nonparametric) contribution as shown by the graphical representation and coefficient of the natural spline. (iii) A score of Placement Test contributes positively and significantly to the semester mathematics grade.
Study of Simple Harmonic Motion’s Subject Assisted Worksheet Based on MGR with Learning Setting of Poe
Authors: Khowatim Siti Khusnul , Mahardika I Ketut , Page (127-137) Alex Harijanto
Published: July 2017

This article describes the study of simple harmonic motion’s subject assisted worksheet based on mathematic and graph representation (MGR) for senior high school with learning setting of POE (Prediction, Observation, Explanation). This study is purposed to describe how is learning of harmonic vibration subject by using learning setting of POE with assisted worksheet based on mathematic and graph representation (MGR). This study uses descriptive research method that describes the qualitative research data in the form of critical analysis of the various sources that have been written by the researcher in relevant research. Sources of information obtained from the data observation result, journals, books, or scientific articles. Steps of writing are collecting data through books, journals, scientific articles, proceedings, the internet, observation, and interviews, then the next step is doing the analysis the data as a process of classification, grouping data, and giving conclusions. The analysis result shows that harmonic vibration subject assisted worksheet based on MGR with learning to set of POE for senior high school can make the learning process more focused and more structured also can increase physics learning activity of students. Harmonic vibration subject has a characteristic of a subject that do not require a complicated equation differential, so the extent of subject content by using MGR can be implemented in a balance between physical analysis and mathematic.
Low Fertility in Canada: The Nordic Model in Quebec and the U.S. Model in Alberta
Authors: Beaujot Roderic , Wang Juyan
Published: July 2017

Among the factors that are responsible for low fertility, the risks
experienced by young people are particularly relevant. In that context, it
is noteworthy that fertility is rising most in Alberta and Quebec, that is in
provinces where young families have had the security of either good job
opportunities or supportive social policy. The fertility trend in Canada
has seen a low point of 1.51 in 2002, rising to a total fertility rate of 1.66
in 2007. The trends and differences are placed in the context of family
and work questions, including the division of paid and unpaid work by
gender. By marital status, family structure and work orientation, fertility
is highest for women and men who are married, with no step children
and intermediate work orientation. We summarize the changing policy
context, proposing that social policy has become more supportive of
families with young children, especially in Quebec but also in the rest of
Canada.
Individual and community-level determinants of retention of Anglophone and Francophone immigrants across Canada
Authors: Haan Michael , Arbuckle Jake , Prokopenko Elena
Published: July 2017

This paper uses Cox Proportional Hazards Models, the Longitudinal Immigration Database, and Harmonized Census Data files to investigate the individual and community determinants of retention of Anglophone and Francophone immigrants in Canada among 1990, 1995, 2000 and 2005 landing cohorts in the first five years after landing. We focus on both the official language capacity of immigrants and the linguistic composition of the communities in which they settle. We find that Official Language Minority Communities (OLMCs) successfully retained Francophone immigrants better than non-OLMCs outside of Quebec. We also find that most cohorts of Anglophone immigrants are more likely to exit Quebec if they started out in an OLMC than if they did not.Cette étude utilise des modèles à risque proportionnel de Cox, la base de données longitudinales sur l’immigration, des fichiers de données harmonisés des recensements de la population afin d’examiner les déterminants au niveau individuel  et communautaire sur la rétention à l’arrivée au pays des cohortes admises en 1990, 1995, 2000 et 2005 au cours des cinq premières années après leur établissement. L’accent de l’étude porte sur la capacité linguistique dans les deux langues officielles des nouveaux arrivants et  la composition linguistique des communautés d’accueil. L’étude révèle que les communautés de langue officielle en situation minoritaire (CLOSM) ont plus de succès à maintenir les immigrants francophones que les communautés de langue officielle en situation majoritaire hors-Québec.  L’étude révèle  aussi que la plupart des cohortes anglophones sont plus susceptible de quitter le Québec si initialement établies dans une CLOSM.
The third alternative: Latino immigration from the United States to Canada, 1980 to 2009
Authors: Shihadeh Edward S. , Trovato Frank , Barranco Raymond E.
Published: July 2017

Using a 30-year time series of national-level data, this study examines the determinants of immigration from the United States to Canada among those whose mother tongue is Spanish. Our results reveal that over the last three decades, Spanish mother-tongue immigrants to Canada increasingly originate from the United States. The trend exhibits two basic patterns. Over the long term, there is a rise in Spanish mother-tongue immigrants coming to Canada from the US, which, in a multivariate context, appears to be linked to the rise in the proportion of Latinos in the US population, as well as to the rise in anti-immigration sentiment in the United States. In the short term, such immigration appears to rise in response to economic recessions and to anti-immigration legislation in the United States. Implications of these findings are discussed.
An examination of migration patterns to Ontario cities: Demarcating Ontario’s periphery
Authors: O’Hagan Sean B.
Published: July 2017

This study sets out to determine whether similarities or differences exist in migration patterns for cities of northern Ontario and southern Ontario. Data is also grouped into large and small cities, to establish whether demographic success comes mostly from inter- or intra-regional migrants. Relevant characteristics of individuals migrating in a knowledge economy—specifically, education and employment data—are also examined. These findings are then placed within two important paradigms of economic geography: brain circulation and institutionalism. The intention is to measure migration patterns but also to use these findings to re-evaluate the core-periphery model as it applies to northern and southern Ontario.
Earning and caring: demographic change and policy implications
Authors: Beaujot Roderic
Published: July 2017

Seeking to define families as groups of people who share earning and caring
activities, we contrast theoretical orientations that see advantages to a division of labour or complementary roles, in comparison to orientations that see less risk and greater companionship in a collaborative model based on sharing paid and unpaid work, or co-providing and co-parenting. It is important to look both inside and outside of families, or at the changing gendered links between earning and caring, to understand change both in families and in the work world. It is proposed that equal opportunity by gender has advanced further in the public sphere associated with education and work, than in the private family sphere associated with everyday life. Time-use data indicate that, on average, men carry their weight in terms of total productive time (paid plus unpaid work), but that women make much more of the accommodations between family and work. Fertility is likely to be lowest in societies that offer women equal opportunity in the public sphere but where families remain traditional in terms of the division of work. Policies are discussed that would reduce the dependency between spouses, and encourage a greater common ground between men and women in earning and caring.
Two centuries of demographic change in Canada
Authors: Edmonston Barry
Published: July 2017

One key aspect of the demographic transition—the shift from high mortality and high fertility to low mortality and low fertility is a major change in the population’s age distribution from a pyramid-shaped young age structure to a pillar-shaped old age structure. This paper discusses two demographic processes affected by changes in age structure. First, there are effects on vital rates, with important differences in the observed crude rates and the implied intrinsic vital rates. Second, changes in age structure influence population momentum. More recently, demographers have noted that older age distributions associated with fertility levels below replacement have negative population momentum. Although the demographic transition has been well-described for many countries, demographers have seldom analyzed intrinsic vital rates and population momentum over time, which are dynamic processes affected by changes in the population age structure and which, in turn, influence future changes in population growth and size. This paper uses new data and methods to analyze intrinsic vital rates and population momentum across two centuries of demographic change in Canada
A Comparison of Fertility in Canada and Australia, 1926-2011
Authors: McDonald Peter , Belanger Alain
Published: July 2017

Canada and Australia are countries that, through their histories, have had many similarities as described later in the paper. However, they have two obvious differences. First, Australia has no equivalent to the province of Quebec and is not bi-lingual[B1] . If Quebec’s fertility trend was a mirror image of the trends in other provinces in Canada, this would not present a difficulty but, as we demonstrate in this article, the differences between fertility trends in Quebec and the other Canadian provinces go some way towards explaining the historical differences between the Canadian and Australian fertility trends, but only until 1960. [B1]2 nations rather than province
Gender inequality in the family setting
Authors: Beaujot Roderic , Liu Jianye , Ravanera Zenaida
Published: July 2017

Now that human capital increases the propensity to be in union for both men and women, the gender differences in the patterns of entry and exit from relationships have decreased. However, there are still strong gender differences in living with children, with women at younger ages and women not in couples being more likely than men to be living with children. Women are more likely to be lone parents while men are more likely to be living as part of a couple. While the employment rate of women in unions is no longer suppressed if they are living with children, their average work hours remain lower, while men have the highest employment rate and highest average work hours if they are living with children. For both men and women, parents do more unpaid work than persons without children though parenthood increases women’s more than men’s unpaid work. In the context of diverse and less stable families, a more equal division of both earning and caring activities would benefit gender equality.Maintenant que le capital humain augmente la propension à être en union pour les hommes et les femmes, les différences entre les sexes dans les modèles d’entrée et de sortie de relations ont diminué. Cependant, il y a encore de fortes différences entre les sexes dans la propension à vivre avec les enfants : les plus jeunes femmes et les femmes qui ne sont pas en couple sont plus susceptibles que les hommes de vivre avec les enfants. Les femmes sont plus susceptibles d’être des parents seuls alors que les hommes sont plus susceptibles de vivre dans le cadre d’un couple. Alors que le taux d’emploi des femmes en union n’est plus réduit si elles vivent avec des enfants, leurs heures moyennes de travail restent inférieure, tandis que les hommes ont le taux d’emploi et les heures moyennes de travail les plus élevés si ils vivent avec des enfants. Pour les hommes et les femmes, les parents font plus de travail non-payé que les personnes sans enfants, mais la parentalité augmente plus le travail non-payé des femmes que des hommes. Dans le contexte des familles diverses et moins stables, une répartition plus égale dans la division des activités d’emploi et de soins serait bénéfique pour l’égalité des sexes.
A Room to Grow: The Residential Density-Dependence of Childbearing in Europe and the United States
Authors: Lauster Nathanael
Published: July 2017

It is argued that cultural processes linked to the demographic transition
produce new density-dependent fertility dynamics. In particular, childbearing becomes dependent upon residential roominess. This relationship is culturally specific, and that the cultural nature of this relationship means that professional and managerial classes are likely to be particularly influenced by residential roominess, while immigrants are less likely to be influenced. Hypotheses are tested linking residential roominess to the presence of an “own infant” in the household using census data from the Austria, Greece, Portugal, Spain, and the United States. Roominess predicts fertility in all countries, but to differing degrees.
Conservation practices and sustainability of potential fatty-oil bearing wild plants of Central Nepal
Authors: Baral Sushim Ranjan
Published: July 2017

Abstract on PDF
Altitudinal distribution of leguminous nitrogen fixing trees in east Nepal
Authors: K.C. Himmat Singh , Pokhriyal T.C.
Published: July 2017

Abstract on the PDF
Distribution of bamboo in Kathmandu valley
Authors: Manandhar Roshani , Bhattarai Tribikram
Published: July 2017

Abstract on the PDF
Community forestry in Nepal: gradual move from sub sistence to monetise sector of economy
Authors: Singh Bijay Kumar
Published: July 2017

Abstract on the PDF
Establishment of grasses on roadside debris slopes
Authors: Poudel K.C. , Howell J.H. , Tripathi B.P.
Published: July 2017

Abstract on the PDF
Compendia of Graduate Theses in forestry and allied subjects
Authors: Editor The
Published: July 2017

No Abstract
X-ray fluorescence imaging
Authors: Lider V V
Published: July 2017

Over the past two decades, numerous X-ray micro-beam studies have been published addressing the nondestructive investigation of chemical element distribution in condensed heterogeneous media. Based on this literature, some aspects of the field are discussed in this paper, including X-ray focusing methods and various elemental imaging techniques: scanning and confocal X-ray fluorescence microscopy, full-field X-ray fluorescence microscopy, X-ray fluorescence tomography, and prospects for combining X-ray fluorescence imaging with other physical methods rested on using synchrotron radiation.
Phase Change Material Selection for Thermal Processes Working under Partial Load Operating Conditions in the Temperature Range between 120 and 200 °C
Authors: Gasia Jaume , Martin Marc , Solé Aran , Barreneche Camila , Cabeza Luisa
Published: July 2017

In some processes, latent heat thermal energy storage (TES) systems might work under partial load operating conditions (the available thermal energy source is discontinuous or insufficient to completely charge the phase change material (PCM)). Therefore, there is a need to study how these conditions affect the discharge process to design a control strategy that can benefit the user of these systems. The aim of this paper is to show and perform at laboratory scale the selection of a PCM, with a phase change temperature between 120 and 200 °C, which will be further used in an experimental facility. Beyond the typical PCM properties, sixteen PCMs are studied here from the cycling and thermal stability point of view, as well as from the health hazard point of view. After 100 melting and freezing cycles, seven candidates out of the sixteen present a suitable cycling stability behaviour and five of them show a maximum thermal-stable temperature higher than 200 °C. Two final candidates for the partial loads approach are found in this temperature range, named high density polyethylene (HDPE) and adipic acid.
σ-Holes on Transition Metal Nanoclusters and Their Influence on the Local Lewis Acidity
Authors: Stenlid Joakim , Johansson Adam , Brinck Tore
Published: July 2017

Understanding the molecular interaction behavior of transition metal nanoclusters lies at the heart of their efficient use in, e.g., heterogeneous catalysis, medical therapy and solar energy harvesting. For this purpose, we have evaluated the applicability of the surface electrostatic potential [VS(r)] and the local surface electron attachment energy [ES(r)] properties for characterizing the local Lewis acidity of a series of low-energy TM13 transition metal nanoclusters (TM = Au, Cu, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ir, Pt, Co), including also Pt7Cu6. The clusters have been studied using hybrid Kohn–Sham density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The VS(r) and ES(r), evaluated at 0.001 a.u. isodensity contours, are used to analyze the interactions with H2O. We find that the maxima of VS(r), σ-holes, are either localized or diffuse. This is rationalized in terms of the nanocluster geometry and occupation of the clusters’s, p and d valence orbitals. Our findings motivate a new scheme for characterizing σ-holes as σs (diffuse), σp (localized) or σd (localized) depending on their electronic origin. The positions of the maxima in VS(r) (and minima in ES(r)) are found to coincide with O-down adsorption sites of H2O, whereas minima in VS(r) leads to H-down adsorption. Linear relationships between VS,max (and ES,min) and H2O interaction energies are further discussed.
Combining Adaptive Holonic Control and ISA-95 Architectures to Self-Organize the Interaction in a Worker-Industrial Robot Cooperative Workcell
Authors: Sadik Ahmed , Urban Bodo
Published: July 2017

Self-Organization is a spontaneous trend which exists in nature among different organisms. Self-organization refers to the process where some form of an overall order arises in a group due to the local interaction among the members of this group. In manufacturing, a similar definition of a Reconfigurable Manufacturing System (RMS) can be found. RMS is a system where the production components and functions can be modified, rearranged and/or interchanged in a timely and cost-effective manner to quickly respond to the production requirements. The definition of the RMS concept implies that the self-organization is an important key factor to fulfil that concept. A case study where a cooperation among a variable number of Industrial Robots (IRs) and workers is studied to show the importance of the research problem. The goal of the paper is to offer a suitable generic control and interaction architecture solution model, which obtains the self-organization from the RMS point of view. Ultimately, applying the proposed solution concept to the case study.
Strategies for the Simulation of Sea Ice Organic Chemistry: Arctic Tests and Development
Authors: Elliott Scott , Jeffery Nicole , Hunke Elizabeth , Deal Clara , Jin Meibing , Wang Shanlin , Elliott Smith Emma , Oestreicher Samantha
Published: July 2017

A numerical mechanism connecting ice algal ecodynamics with the buildup of organic macromolecules is tested within modeled pan-Arctic brine channels. The simulations take place offline in a reduced representation of sea ice geochemistry. Physical driver quantities derive from the global sea ice code CICE, including snow cover, thickness and internal temperature. The framework is averaged over ten boreal biogeographic zones. Computed nutrient-light-salt limited algal growth supports grazing, mortality and carbon flow. Vertical transport is diffusive but responds to pore structure. Simulated bottom layer chlorophyll maxima are reasonable, though delayed by about a month relative to observations due to uncertainties in snow variability. Upper level biota arise intermittently during flooding events. Macromolecular concentrations are tracked as proxy proteins, polysaccharides, lipids and refractory humics. The fresh biopolymers undergo succession and removal by bacteria. Baseline organics enter solely through cell disruption, thus the internal carbon content is initially biased low. By including exudation, agreement with dissolved organic or individual biopolymer data is achieved given strong release coupled to light intensity. Detrital carbon then reaches hundreds of micromolar, sufficient to support structural changes to the ice matrix.
The Search for Dog in Cervantes
Authors: Schneider Ivan
Published: July 2017

This paper reconsiders the missing galgo from the first line in Don Quixote with a set of interlocking claims: first, that Cervantes initially established the groundwork for including a talking dog in Don Quixote; second, through improvisation Cervantes created a better Don Quixote by transplanting the idea for a talking dog to the Coloquio; and third, that Cervantes made oblique references to the concept of dogs having human intelligence within the novel.
Pathogenic Role of IL-17-Producing Immune Cells in Obesity, and Related Inflammatory Diseases
Authors: Chehimi Marwa , Vidal Hubert , Eljaafari Assia
Published: July 2017

Obesity is associated with low-grade chronic inflammation. Indeed, adipose tissues (AT) in obese individuals are the former site of progressive infiltration by pro-inflammatory immune cells, which together with increased inflammatory adipokine secretion induce adipocyte insulin resistance. IL-17-producing T (Th17) cells are part of obese AT infiltrating cells, and are likely to be promoted by adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells, as previously reported by our team. Whereas Th17 cell are physiologically implicated in the neutralization of fungal and bacterial pathogens through activation of neutrophils, they may also play a pivotal role in the onset and/or progression of chronic inflammatory diseases, or cancer, in which obesity is recognized as a risk factor. In this review, we will highlight the pathogenic role of IL-17A producing cells in the mechanisms leading to inflammation in obesity and to progression of obesity-related inflammatory diseases.
Effect of Silver Dopants on the ZnO Thin Films Prepared by a Radio Frequency Magnetron Co-Sputtering System
Authors: Liu Fang-Cheng , Li Jyun-Yong , Chen Tai-Hong , Chang Chun-How , Lee Ching-Ting , Hsiao Wei-Hua , Liu Day-Shan
Published: July 2017

Ag-ZnO co-sputtered films at various atomic ratios of Ag (Ag/(Ag + Zn) at.%) were prepared by a radio frequency magnetron cosputtering system, using the co-sputtered targets of Ag and ZnO. The activation of the Ag acceptors (AgZn) and the formation of the Ag aggregations (Ag0) in the ZnO matrix were investigated from XRD, Raman scattering, and XPS measurements. The Ag-ZnO co-sputtered film behaving like a p-type conduction was achievable after annealing at 350 °C under air ambient for 1 h.