bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Penentuan Sekuens Terbaik untuk Gen COI pada Crocodylus rhombifer Menggunakan SoftWare Perlprimer dan Primer Blast Sebagai Bentuk Praktikum Saat Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Salsabila Nurizza , Fadilah Fadilah , Pramana Reynaldi Candro , Mutiatul K.A. Safira , Romzalis Ahmad Alfin , Ramadhani Dwi Nova , Rachmawati Yuanita , Arianti Okta Fina
Published: August 2022

Pandemi Covid-19 telah dirasakan di  sektor pendidikan sehingga harus dilaksanakan program pembelajaran secara daring. Hal ini tentunya   menjadi sangat tidak mudah untuk   dilakukan, khususnya para mahasiswa dituntut untuk tetap melakukan praktikum selama Pandemi Covid-19  demi terlaksananya tujuan pembelajaran. Praktikum merupakan salah satu kegiatan yang sangat  penting, mengingat praktikum dapat   menunjang pemahaman para mahasiswa terhadap materi yang telah disampaikan. Dalam kondisi seperti ini, mata kuliah Biologi Molekular mengadakan praktikum secara daring yang dapat dikerjakan oleh mahasiswa berupa desain primer. Primer merupakan oligonukleotida atau polimer nukleotida pendek berupa DNA atau RNA yang sangat penting pada proses PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction). Langkah awal dari berhasilnya sekuensing DNA suatu gen adalah desain primer yang baik. Gen yang digunakan yakni gen COI Crocodylus rhombifer dan DNA targetnya yakni buaya kuba (Crocodylus rhombifer). Rujukan untuk menentukan desain primer juga perlu pada suatu penelitian terutama bio molekuler. Aplikasi yang digunakan sebagai penentuan primer dan informasi bio molakuler untuk mengetahui data gen yakni Perl primer dan NCBI. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menentukan software yang digunakan sebagai rujukan desain primer suatu gen. Hasil amplifikasi yang didapatkan yakni  bp dari perl primer yakni 20 bp dari 11 forward dan untuk primer blast NCBI juga mendapatkan 20 bp dari 10 forward.
Learning Outcomes Improvement in Animal’s Life Cycle Material (Theme 6 Sub-theme 2) Through Card Sort Strategy Implementation toward Fourth Grade Students of MI Tarbiyatul Islamiyah Panjunan Sidoarjo
Authors: Nurrohmah Revida Wahyu Putri
Published: August 2022

This research was conducted due to the low learning outcomes of fourth-grade students of MI Tarbiyatul Islamiyah Panjunan Sidoarjo in the animal’s life cycle materials (Theme 6 Sub-theme 2). It was proved by the learning outcomes of students were still under minimum completeness criteria due to the difficulty of distinguishing the animal’s life cycle as complete metamorphosis, incomplete metamorphosis, or ametamorphosis. The minimum completeness criteria are only 40% (not good). Therefore, the effort conducted by researchers in improving learning outcomes is through the card sort strategy. The purpose of this research were; 1) describe the implementation of a card sort strategy toward fourth-grade students MI Tarbiyatul Islamiyah Panjunan Sidoarjo in animal’s life cycle material,  2) describe the increase of students learning outcomes in animal’s life cycle material after implementing the card sort strategy. This study used Classroom Action Research (CAR) with Kurt Lewin's model in which there are 4 stages namely planning, observing, acting, and reflecting. Data collection techniques used were interviews, documentation, observation, and test. The subject of this research was 30 students of fourth grade MI Tarbiyatul Islamiyah Panjunan Sidoarjo. The results showed that; 1) The implementation of card sort strategy has been done well, it can be seen from the increase of teacher and student’s activity percentage; 2) the result of students learning outcomes has increased significantly which can be seen from student’s completeness percentage to 93%. Thus, it can be said that this research has been successful.
Pembelajaran Praktikum pada Mahasiswa Prodi Biologi dan Pendidikan Biologi Universitas Islam Negri Walisongo Semarang di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Rahmawati Devi Noor , Zahro Lailatuz , Hidayatullah Ahmad Fauzan
Published: August 2022

Pandemi Covid-19 menyebabkan berubahnya semua tatanan kegiatan, salah satunya dibidang pendidikan. Dimana pembelajaran jarak jauh sudah dilakukan kurang lebih selama 15 bulan. Hal ini merupakan sesuatu yang tidak efektif untuk dilakukan, terutama bagi mahasiswa yang tetap diharuskan untuk melaksanakan kegiatan praktikum secara mandiri pada saat pandemi Covid-19 ini. Praktikum memiliki peran penting bagi para praktikan didalam pembelajaran sains. Karena kegiatan praktikum akan memudahkan para praktikan dalam memahami materi dengan cara penerapan. Sehingga penelitian ini memeiliki tujuan untuk meneliti dan mengetahui keterlaksanaan kegiatan praktikum, bentuk praktikum, kendala yang dialami selama praktikum, metode yang digunakan dosen dalam menyampaikan prosedur praktikum, dan respon keefektifan pelaksanaan praktikum saat pandemi covid-19 di prodi Biologi dan Pendidikan Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi UIN Walisongo Semarang.
Creative Thinking of Middle School Students in Solving Physics Problems
Authors: Septin Grahaning Tyas  , Erman
Published: August 2022

This study aims to describe the creativity in thinking of junior high school students in solving physics problems. Creativity in thinking is important for students to make themselves understand a physics concept, such as force, work, etc. Creativity in thinking is also needed so that students can find several possible problem solving according to their potential and are not fixated on a method because basically every student has their own imagination and thought process. Twelve students in the class VIII J of SMP Negeri 1 Jombang  participated in the study. Data obtained from student's thinking creativity test instrument which is strengthened by data from student and teacher interviews. Data analysis referred to three indicators of creativity used in the study: fluency, flexibility, and originality. The results showed that the students' thinking fluency with high ability and some students with medium and low abilities got high scores. The highest score of the flexibility indicator was obtained by students with low abilities. High scores for the originality indicator were also obtained by several students from the high, medium, and low ability groups. High creativity scores are not only obtained by high-ability students but also medium, and low-ability students. The creativity of students' thinking in solving physics problems is different. Students' knowledge and experience play a role in the differences in students' creativity in thinking fluently, flexible, and new. So that teachers can use learning methods that provide direct experience to students to make it easier for students to understand a concept and also improve students' mathematical operational abilities to make it easier for them to solve a problem that requires mathematical calculations.
Hubungan Kecemasan Matematika dan Motivasi Belajar dengan Prestasi Belajar Matematika Siswa
Authors: Ramda Apolonia Hendrice , Gunur Bedilius
Published: August 2022

This study aimed to determine: (1) the relationship between mathematics anxiety and students' mathematics learning achievement; (2) the relationship between learning motivation and students' mathematics achievement; (3) the relationship between mathematics anxiety and learning motivation simultaneously with students' mathematics learning achievement. The population is all students of class VIII SMPN 7 Cibal, Manggarai Regency, East Nusa Tenggara totaling 108 students. Sampling was done by using a simple random sampling technique which was followed by a proportional random sampling technique. Data were obtained using questionnaires and tests. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson product-moment correlation, and multiple correlations. The results showed: (1) there is a negative relationship between mathematics anxiety and mathematics learning achievement; (2) there is a significant relationship between learning motivation and mathematics learning achievement; (3) there is a significant relationship between mathematics anxiety and learning motivation simultaneously with students' mathematics learning achievement.
Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Siswa Model ELPSA pada Materi Matriks
Authors: Rahayu Indri , Mayasari Dian , Pagiling Sadrack Luden
Published: August 2022

This study aims to produce a valid, practical, and effective ELPSA (Experiences, Language, Picture, Symbol, Applications) learning tool of matrix content. Research method using ADDIE model. The media tested at one of the vocational high schools in Merauke Regency. Validation sheets measure the validity of student worksheets and lesson plans assessed by the three validators. The practicality of the worksheet is measured by student responses questionnaires and learning implementation observation sheets. The effectiveness was measured by pretest and post-test. The result of this study showed that the validity of the lesson plan was 54% and 28%, the validity of the students’ worksheets was 63% and 27%. The validity of the pretest was 59%, and post-test sheets were 23%. The practicality value obtained from the student response questionnaire was 75%. Teacher and student activities in the learning process meet the excellent category. On the effectiveness test, all students did not satisfy the minimum class criteria at the pretest with an average score of 23.70. In the post-test results, all students passed with an average score of 84.20. After learning by the ELPSA model, student mathematics achievement increased by 100%. It can be concluded that the ELPSA model learning tool has met the valid, practical, and effective criteria to suit classroom learning.
Development of Authentic Assessment in Geometry Learning
Authors: Jaelani Abd Kadir , Hasbi Muhammad
Published: August 2022

This study aims to describe the process and results of the development of authentic assessment in teaching geometry which refers to the 4-D model. Geometry authentic assessment in this study includes learning achievement tests, self-assessment, portfolio assessment, performance assessment guidelines, self-assessment guidelines, portfolio assessment guidelines, feasibility test instruments, teacher response questionnaires, student response questionnaires, and validation sheets. The research subjects are 8th-grade students of SMPN 2 Barombong, Gowa Regency. The validity test analysis is rationally obtained through two the results of the validation of experts, test reliability both rationally and empirically, and objectivity using the product-moment formula. The results showed that the authentic assessment met the criteria of being valid, practical, and effective. As a consequence, it is suggested that the development of authentic assessment tools for geometry learning be expanded to other resources to make teacher evaluation easier. Furthermore, the study's implications provide teachers with information for conducting authentic assessment formulation in the implementation of learning, especially for students.
Implementasi Model Blended Learning Pada Pembelajaran Matematika Berbasis Kurikulum Merdeka
Authors: Sadieda Lisanul Uswah , Wahyudi Bambang , Dwi Kirana Rere , Kamaliyyah Syarifah , Arsyavina Virda
Published: August 2022

This study aims to describe the planning, implementation, learning outcomes, and responses of students in the process of learning mathematics using Blended Learning based on the Merdeka Curriculum. This research is a case study research with a qualitative and quantitative approach. The research subjects were 36 of 10th-grade students at SMAN 3 Sidoarjo as one of the Sekolah Penggerak in East Java. Data collection techniques using documentation, interviews, observations, tests, and questionnaires. The results showed that the implementation of Blended Learning at the planning stage was in the very good category, the implementation stage was in the very good category, student learning outcomes were in the sufficient category, and student responses were in the high category.
Students’ Worksheets Based on Problem Based Learning In Composition and Inverse Functions to Enhance Conceptual Understanding
Authors: Priyanto Mia , Permatasari Dian
Published: August 2022

This research aims to design student worksheets based on problem-based learning in composition and inverse functions to facilitate conceptual understanding is valid. This research uses a PPE model by Richey and Klein; there are three parts: planning, production, and evaluation. The planning stage is a product planning process that will be developed for a specific purpose. The production stage is the process of making a product according to a previously made design. The evaluation stage is the process of testing and assessing the product that has been developed. The data obtained from the expert validator is then processed using a Likert scale and calculated using Aiken's formula to conclude the validity of the product developed. The Student Worksheets based on Problem Based Learning to aid students' understanding of mathematical ideas on composition functions and inverse functions were valid, have a 0.84 average validity value, and were classified as high. The PBL model familiarizes students with understanding concepts through problem-solving processes. On the other hand, learning mathematics using PBL effectively improves students' understanding and abilities because students apply mathematical concepts in everyday life.
Analisis Kesalahan Siswa dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Cerita Persamaan Linear Satu Variabel Berdasarkan Teori Kastolan
Authors: Ndek Katarina Yasinta , Suwanti Vivi , Sumadji
Published: August 2022

This study aims to find out student errors in solving linear equations of one variable based on Kastolan's theory. This study is descriptive research. The data collection technics that are used are 1) a test to solve the story problems of linear equations of one variable based on the Kastolan theory, 2) an interview with all subjects, and 3) documentation. The subjects of this study were seventh-grade students of SMP Negeri 2 Boleng, West Manggarai Regency, NTT with 20 students categorized based on their errors in Kastolan theory. The study results showed that 1) 36.66% of students made conceptual errors in understanding the concept of the meaning of the problem, 2) 58.33% of students made procedural errors by not following the steps in solving the problem and not writing the conclusion at the end of the answer, and 3) 35% of students made operations technical errors in calculating the value of solving problems and errors in writing variables and constants. The factors that are causing these errors because students do not understand the meaning of the questions, are not serious in answering questions and do not review the results of the assignment
Konstruksi Idiomatik dalam Pemberitaan Surat Kabar: Bentuk dan Makna Idiom Pada Narasi Berita Metropolis-Jawa Pos
Authors: Rochmah Nuzurul , Apriliyanti Lia , Fadhilasari Icha
Published: August 2022

Pemberitaan dalam surat kabar kerapkali menggunakan idiom sebagai pilihan bentuk dalam narasi berita media massa. Pemanfaatan konstruksi idiomatis tersebut tak lepas dari langgam berita yang meniscayakan keefisienan dan keefektifan ekspresi. Bentuk idiom digunakan agar sesuatu (berita) dapat disampaikan secara singkat, padat, lugas, dan tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan bentuk dan makna idiom sekaligus kategori unsur yang membentuknya. Adapun material pemberitaan yang dijadikan sumber data penelitian bersumber pada surat kabar Jawa Pos segmen Metropolis edisi 22-24 Maret 2022, khususnya kutipan artikel yang mengandung makna idiomatik. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data adalah studi kepustakaan dengan teknik catat. Hasil dari penelitian ini ditemukan makna idiomatik pada pemberitaan atau artikel yang berjumlah total 109 artikel, terdapat 23 artikel yang mengandung makna idiomatik dengan jumlah idiom sebanyak 25 ungkapan. Dari jumlah makna idiomatik yang ditemukan, terdapat 9 idiom pada edisi 22 Maret 2022 berupa 5 bentuk idiom penuh dan 4 bentuk idiom sebagian. Pada edisi 23 Maret 2022 terdapat 8 makna idiomatik berupa 4 bentuk idiom penuh dan 4 bentuk idiom sebagian. Sedangkan pada edisi 24 Maret 2022 terdapat 8 makna idiom berupa 1 bentuk idiom penuh dan 7 bentuk idiom sebagian. Dari data yang ditemukan, akhirnya dapat ditarik kesimpulan penggunaan idiom pada surat kabar seringkali diperlukan guna mengungkapkan konsep-konsep dengan penjelasan yang panjang, melalui idiom tersebut konsep-konsep suatu kata dapat disampaikan dengan singkat dan jelas.
A Comparison of US Medicare Expenditures for Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis
Authors: Kaplan Jennifer M. , Niu Jingbo , Ho Vivian , Winkelmayer Wolfgang C. , Erickson Kevin F.
Published: August 2022

Significance Statement

Observations that peritoneal dialysis (PD) may be an effective, lower-cost alternative to hemodialysis for treating ESKD led to US policies resulting in its increased use. The authors compared Medicare expenditures for patients who started in-center hemodialysis or PD between 2008 and 2015 and determined whether differences in expenditures across dialysis modalities persisted as more patients were placed on PD. Overall expenditures were 11% greater for hemodialysis versus PD, and this difference did not change over time as more patients initiated PD. Although estimated intravenous dialysis drug costs were higher for hemodialysis, this difference narrowed over time—possibly mitigating incentives for providers to start more patients on PD and explaining a recent plateauing of growth in initiating this dialysis modality in the United States.

Background

Observations that peritoneal dialysis (PD) may be an effective, lower-cost alternative to hemodialysis for the treatment of ESKD have led to policies encouraging PD and subsequent increases in its use in the United States.

Methods

In a retrospective cohort analysis of Medicare beneficiaries who started dialysis between 2008 and 2015, we ascertained average annual expenditures (for up to 3 years after initiation of dialysis) for patients ≥67 years receiving in-center hemodialysis or PD. We also determined whether differences in Medicare expenditures across dialysis modalities persisted as more patients were placed on PD. We used propensity scores to match 8305 patients initiating PD with 8305 similar patients initiating hemodialysis.

Results

Overall average expenditures were US$108,656 (2017) for hemodialysis and US$91,716 for PD (proportionate difference, 1.11; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09 to 1.13). This difference did not change over time (P for time interaction term=0.14). Hemodialysis had higher estimated intravenous (iv) dialysis drug costs (1.69; 95% CI, 1.64 to 1.73), rehabilitation expenditures (1.35; 95% CI, 1.26 to 1.45), and other nondialysis expenditures (1.34; 95% CI, 1.30 to 1.37). Over time, initial differences in total dialysis expenditures disappeared and differences in iv dialysis drug utilization narrowed as nondialysis expenditures diverged. Estimated iv drug costs declined by US$2900 per patient-year in hemodialysis between 2008 and 2014 versus US$900 per patient-year in PD.

Conclusions

From the perspective of the Medicare program, savings associated with PD in patients ≥67 years have remained unchanged, despite rapid growth in the use of this dialysis modality. Total dialysis expenditures for the two modalities converged over time, whereas nondialysis expenditures diverged.
New faunistical data on oribatid mites from the Philippines, with a description of a new species of the genus Trachyoribates (Acari, Oribatida, Haplozetidae)
Authors: Ermilov Sergey G. , Corpuz-Raros Leonila , Naredo Jeremy C. B. , Eusebio Orlando L.
Published: August 2022

This paper presents a list of 78 species/subspecies of 50 genera and 27 families of soil-inhabiting oribatid mites (Oribatida) collected on Sibuyan Island, Philippines; of these, two species and one genus are recorded in the Oriental region for the first time, and 14 species/subspecies and two genera are recorded in the Philippine fauna for the first time. Trachyoribates insularis sp. n. (Haplozetidae) is described on the basis of adults.
TEMPERATURE-INDUCED THICKNESS REDUCTION OF MICROMECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF Sn-0.7Cu SOLDER ALLOY
Authors: Yusoff Fateh Amera Mohd , Abu Bakar Maria , Jalar Azman
Published: August 2022

Solders are used in electronic packaging for metallurgical interconnections. Thermomechanical methods are used to modify the properties of a material. Cubic Sn-0.7Cu solder alloy was subjected to heat treatment at 30–150 °C for 20 min, followed by 80 % compression. The control samples used in this study were only subjected to heat treatment. This study used the nanoindentation approach to investigate the reductions in the modulus and hardness of the lead-free Sn-0.7Cu solder alloy after thermomechanical treatment. Samples with 80 % compression showed slight changes in the reduced modulus (approximately 24 %) and hardness (approximately 14 %) after thermomechanical treatment. In contrast, the solder alloy that underwent heat treatment alone (the control sample) showed shifts in the hardness and reduced modulus of approximately 54 % and 66 %, respectively. The production of new recrystallized grains resulted in smaller changes in the micromechanical properties. These findings demonstrated that thermomechanical treatment can both modify and stabilize the properties of the Sn-0.7Cu solder alloy, such as micromechanical properties.
PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A CipHCl-PLA/PBC/CS COMPOSITE FIBER MEMBRANE FOR ANTIBACTERIAL WOUND DRESSING
Authors: Gu Xiaohua , Zhang Dasheng , Liu Siwen , Liu Yan
Published: August 2022

In this paper, a polylactic acid (PLA)/polybutylene carbonate (PBC)/chitosan (CS) composite membrane with different mass fractions of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (CipHCl) drug was prepared through the electrostatic spinning technology. The morphology and chemical structure of the resultant CipHCl-PLA/PBC/CS fiber membranes were characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). A drug-release test, bacteriostatic test and cytotoxicity test were performed to determine the drug-release properties, bacteriostatic properties and cytotoxicity, respectively. Results show that the CipHCl-PLA/PBC/CS composite fiber membranes have good biocompatibility. When the CipHCl content is 20 w/%, the average fiber diameter is 374 nm. After 192 h, the drug-release rate of the CipHCl-PLA/PBC/CS composite fiber membrane containing 20 w/% of CipHCl reaches 88.2 %. The antibacterial activity of the CipHCl-PLA/PBC/CS composite fiber membrane is much higher than that of the PLA/PBC composite fiber membrane. Besides, the antibacterial activity of the CipHCl-PLA/PBC/CS composite fiber membrane against E. coli is slightly higher than that against S. aureus.
LASER DRILLING OF AIR-FILM COOLING HOLES IN AIR AND WITH COAXIAL WATERJET ASSISTANCE
Authors: Wu DongJie , Wang Bin , Liu Yuezhuan
Published: August 2022

Air-film cooling holes were drilled into a turbine blade with a 532-nm Nd:YVO4 nanosecond laser in air and with coaxial waterjet assistance. The drilling quality of the sidewalls of the holes was investigated comparatively by means of a 3D confocal laser scanning microscope, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Results have shown that the maximum thickness of the processing-induced defects around the air-film cooling holes drilled by the laser in air is up to 100 µm, while the holes obtained by means of the asynchronous operation of laser drilling in air and coaxial waterjet assistance indicate no spatter, oxide layer, recast layer or cracks. Compared with laser drilling in air, the minimum size of the heat-affected zone around the air-film cooling holes induced by asynchronous processing is decreased down to the sub-micrometer scale. The main phases in the oxide layer, recast layer and heat-affected zone are α-Al2O3, γ-Ni, and β-NiAl, respectively. Asynchronous processing can help us achieve high position precision and it will have wide application.

are α-Al2O3, γ-Ni, and β-NiAl, resp
Voluntary Selection; Bringing Evolution at the Service of Humanity
Authors: Omid Sadeghi Fathabadi
Published: August 2022

Human populations can be characterized by their corresponding phenotypic profiles which do not necessarily align. These differences are not our points of strength in building harmonious societies and establishing a sustainable world order; it is therefore desirable to seek a pathway to resolve them. This article reflects on genetics as the most profound source of our differences and introduces Voluntary Selection as a means of acquiring genetic qualities and resolving the imbalance in their possession by different populations. Voluntary Selection is a healthcare program allowing for voluntarily involving the reproductive cells of another individual than the parents to conceive a child at the discretion of a parent population. Genetic qualities in this context are desired phenotypes as perceived by each population. The article then presents a computational approach through which thoughtful decisions about the design of a program can be made. These methods are applied to a pedigree data set of adult heights and the results are used to demonstrate the influence of the program design and the significance of its outcomes.
Görsel Sanatlar Eğitimi Veren Öğretim Elemanlarının Uzaktan Eğitime Yönelik Özyeterlik ve Yarar Algısı
Authors: MOLLAOĞLU Songül , KESER Nimet
Published: August 2022

Bu araştırmada, görsel sanatlar eğitimi veren öğretim elemanlarının Coronavirüs (Covid-19) pandemisi nedeniyle uygulanan uzaktan eğitime ilişkin özyeterlik ve yarar algısının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada 68 öğretim elemanının yer almış, veriler Kişisel Bilgi Formu (KBF), Uzaktan Eğitime Yönelik Özyeterlik Algısı Ölçeği (UEYÖYAÖ) ve Uzaktan Eğitime Yönelik Yarar Algısı Ölçeği (UEYYAÖ) ile elde edilmiştir. Öğretim elemanlarının UEYÖYAÖ ortalaması 39,91 (SS = 9,53), ölçeğin alt faktörleri olan Öğrenme Yönetimi ortalaması 15,47 (SS = 4,04), Teknoloji Yönetimi 17,03 (SS = 3,41) ve Sanal Sınıf Yönetimi ortalaması ise, 7,41 (SS = 2,39) olarak bulunmuştur. UEYYAÖ ortalaması 44,70 (SS = 13,64), ölçeğin alt faktörleri olarak; Öğrenme Ürünlerinin Etkililiği alt faktör ortalaması 23,47(SS = 8,76), Öğrenme Yaşantılarının Zenginliği alt faktör ortalaması 7,12 (SS = 3,00) ve Sistemin Ekonomikliği alt faktör ortalaması ise 14,11 (SS = 3,65) olarak hesaplanmıştır. Öğretim elamanlarının UEYÖYAÖ ve UEYYAÖ puan ortalamaları arasında anlamlı bir ilişki elde edilmemiştir. UEYÖYAÖ ve UEYYAÖ üniversitelere ve anasanat dallarına göre fark göstermemektedir. Çalışmada, öğretim üyesi ve öğretim görevlileri arasında uzaktan eğitime yönelik özyeterlik algısında istatistiksel olarak önemli bir fark bulunmazken, öğretim üyelerinin UEYYAÖ ortalaması öğretim görevlilerine göre düşük bulunmuştur. Acil durumlarda uygulanabilir bir yöntem olmakla birlikte, gelecekte olası benzer durumlarda bu eğitimin verimliliğini, yararlılığın arttırmak için kurumların öğretim elemanlarının hazıroluşluk durumlarını destekleyici eğitimsel programları düzenlemesi gerekli ve önemlidir.
“No German, No Service”: EU Migrants’ Unequal Access to Welfare Entitlements in Germany
Authors: Ratzmann Nora
Published: August 2022

While existing research has analysed the intersecting migration and social security law, which stratifies migrants’ formal social entitlements, less work has been done on the informal stratifications beyond the law that determine substantive social rights. This article illustrates the informal barriers to de facto benefit receipt that intra‐EU migrant citizens may experience when claiming social assistance in local German job centres, regardless of their manifest legal entitlements. Focussing on informal, yet commonly institutionalised practices of language discrimination, analysis of 103 qualitative, in‐depth interviews reveal recurring patterns of administrative exclusion beyond individual instances of discriminatory behaviour. The unwritten rules and everyday practices shaping administrators’ claims‐processing routines often go against what the law or administrative procedures proscribe, and could be considered as forms of discrimination. The former may be explained by institutional constraints, such as a performance‐orientedmanagement culture, legalistic claims‐processing, or superficial diversity policies. By shedding light on how inequalities in access are constructed in daily administrative practice, this article adds to existing empirical knowledge on how informal inequalities in access emerge at different stages of the benefit claiming process, in contrast to formal social rights on paper, as well as social administrations’ handling of diversity in a context of transnational social protection.
Pushing Higher or Lower? Divergent Parental Expectations and Compromises in Occupational Choice
Authors: Fischer-Browne Melanie
Published: August 2022

Many adolescents in Germany are unable to realize their realistic occupational aspirations when they transition from school to vocational education and training (VET). However, little is known about the underlying circumstances and what the compromises look like when these adolescents come to take up a VET occupation. As parents perform an important socialization role, which is also influential in occupational orientation, this article examines the role of divergent parental expectations. Are parental expectations, which differ from adolescents’ realistic occupational aspirations, related to the probability that adolescents will take up different occupations than they originally aspired to? Are relatively higher or lower parental expectations associated with a corresponding direction of compromise formation? Are there differences between men and women in the relationship between divergent parental expectations and compromise formation? This empirical analysis is based on a sample of 1243 VET entrants from the starting cohort 4 of the National Educational Panel Study (NEPS). The compromise formation of the adolescents is measured by comparing their realistic occupational aspirations from ninth grade with their first VET occupation. Results from multinomial logistic regression models show that adolescents adjust their occupational choices to their parents’ divergent expectations. Women are more likely to make compromises that accommodate their parents’ higher expectations.
Big Data Analysis in Multi-Criteria Choice Problems
Authors: Ivanov A.A. , Yashina N.P.
Published: August 2022

The problem of multi-criteria choice with non-uniform scales of criteria is considered. A model of a multicriteria choice problem is described, the main elements of which are sets of alternatives and quality criteria, as well as algorithms that allow ranking alternatives without prior reduction of the criteria scales to homogeneous ones. Algorithms for constructing aggregated ranking of alternatives are based on the construction of preference matrices by criteria containing information on the degree of superiority of one alternative over another. Propositions are proved that allow ranking alternatives with assessments according to two quality criteria. Algorithms for indexing alternatives are proposed that allow ranking alternatives for an arbitrary number of criteria. The best aggregated ranking is determined by the total distance to the rankings of alternatives by criteria. All algorithms have polynomial computational complexity, which makes it possible to work with large arrays of initial information. A software system for ranking alternatives in problems with big data has been developed. The initial information is stored in Excel tables, which makes it easy to take into account the limitations on the criteria scales. The operation of the software system is demonstrated by the example of choosing the best version of a drone for purchase in order to observe the terrain, shoot it and transmit information to the operator.
Tactile Models in Analytical Geometry
Authors: Stepanov M.E. , Voronina S.N.
Published: August 2022

The article discusses some of the problems that arise when working with students with visual defects. In particular, the authors discuss ways to improve the culture of mathematical thinking of students with visual defects. The authors rely on the experience of working at the Faculty of Information Technologies of Moscow State University of Psychology & Education.
Stress Variations in the Delaware Basin from Shear-Wave Splitting Analysis
Authors: Guzman Veronica , Li Aibing , Savvaidis Alexandros
Published: August 2022

The northwestern Delaware basin has experienced an increase in seismicity, including one M 5.0 earthquake in 2020, correlated to hydraulic fracturing and wastewater injection activities. We conduct shear-wave splitting (SWS) analysis from local earthquakes to understand the increasing and intensifying seismicity in this area. Over 840 robust SWS parameters, the fast polarization orientation and the delay time, are obtained at five Texas Seismological Network stations by analyzing seismograms of more than 4000 events from 2019 to 2021. The fast orientations from individual events vary in a broad range for all stations, indicating a complex fracture system in the upper crust, even though the averages are consistent with the local fault strikes or the maximum horizontal stress. Fast orientations with large angles from the local stress appeared after the 2020 M 5.0 earthquake, evidencing an increase of pore pressure that facilitates slips on less favorable fracture planes by the stress field. Stress change caused by this earthquake could also contribute to the increasing diversity of SWS measurements. Future data analysis and stress modeling are needed to distinguish the different mechanisms.
Assessing the Fidelity of Seismic Records from Microfilm and Paper Media
Authors: Lee Thomas , Ishii Miaki , Okubo Paul
Published: August 2022

During the analog era of seismology, seismograms were typically written to paper media. The legacy records from this era make up an irreplaceable resource that covers over a century, and many of them remain extant in both their original paper form and as microformat copies. While microformat copies of seismograms drove decades of seismological research, new capabilities have been developed that allow us to revisit the analog data sets and extend application of contemporary analyses to a considerably longer seismological record. Though microformat seismogram copies have been extensively used, we seek to understand possible differences that could arise from using data recovered from such copies compared to using the original seismograms. Identification of these differences provides understanding of the fidelity of information that is recoverable from these different media. We present a case study here, applying a number of quantitative measures to a pair of records (original paper and its 35 mm microfilm copy), and revealing that microfilm-derived time series differ from the original paper in timing and amplitude. Based on a simple analysis of this pair of short-period vertical records, we estimate uncertainties of ±0.1–0.3 for earthquake magnitude (hence, a factor of about 1.3–2.0 in energy) and ±10 km for hypocentral location.
"Get down on your knees": Representing the Seven Dwarfs in the Pantomime
Authors: Pritchard Erin
Published: August 2022

Dwarfs are prominent figures within the entertainment industry, but there is limited academic focus on representations of them in the theatre. In this paper, I explore one of the most prominent representations of dwarfism in the theatre: Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. Drawing on theories of humour, the paper argues that the current representation of the Seven Dwarfs engages with disabling humour, which mocks their stature and has implications for people with dwarfism in society. Focusing on three different forms of casting including; using people with dwarfism, average height adults and children to fulfil the roles of the Seven Dwarfs, I argue that each representation promotes a negative stereotype of dwarfism, which can be explained by different theories of humour. In the last part, I suggest that using disability humour within scenes featuring the Seven Dwarfs can help to challenge stereotypes of dwarfism, which are less likely to have negative repercussions upon people with dwarfism in society.
"We are all thrown into one basket": Dyslexia, schools and the (non)enactment of policies of inclusion
Authors: Nevill Thom Paul , Forsey Martin
Published: August 2022

Since the mid-1990s it has been illegal for Australian education providers to deny students with disabilities the right to access and participate in education. Conjointly, policies and standards have been introduced that devolve the responsibility of ensuring disabled students are able to fully engage in their education to schools. Despite recent studies suggesting dyslexic student needs are rarely met in the Australian school system, to date, little research has examined how developments in anti-discriminatory and inclusive policy affect the provision of support to these students. This paper examines how devolved approaches to inclusive education policy practice affect the lived experiences of dyslexic students in Western Australian schools. Focusing on two young people's stories about their time in school, it is argued that the adoption of devolved approaches to policy has been instrumental in shifting responsibility for the delivery of equitable education for students with learning disabilities to families, and especially mothers. Drawing on a social-relational model of disability and Bourdieusien theories of capital, this paper illustrates how shifting responsibility for inclusion to parents results in inequity. The findings illuminate a need to think more critically about exactly who should be responsible for inclusion.
Is There Dyslexia Without Reading?
Authors: Pearl Sharrona
Published: August 2022

Can there be dyslexia without reading? Is there face blindness without a variety of faces? Is super recognition identifiable without cameras? Without the mass production of colored textiles, does color blindness exist? If you never speak, can you have a stutter? These are thought experiments about situationally latent potentialities. We can't ever definitively answer these questions. But that doesn't mean that they don't matter. At the heart of this inquiry is a proposition that certain somatic or neurological conditions are fundamentally unidentifiable, unrecognizable, invisible, and thus cannot be made manifest in absence of some broader interactions with technology, media, and the built environment. In this essay, I bring together the history and sociology of medicine, media studies, and disability studies to argue that by studying these questions, we can open up new ways of understanding what the body once knew and now does not, and what it might one day know that it does not know now, thereby reframing what counts as illness or disability.
Disability and cycling technology: A socio-historical analysis
Authors: Norcliffe Glen , Buliung Ron , Kruse Annika , Radford John
Published: August 2022

This article explores longstanding links between cycling and disability. Social models of disability and closely related theories on the social construction of technology are central to our approach. The former insists that disability is a social construct; the latter views technology as socially formed. Disabled persons engage in cycling for, among other things, the pleasure of moving about the city and countryside, parks and neighbourhoods, to access places of work and study, and to gain greater independence in their daily lives. They have played an active role in the development and adaptation of cycles to make them better suited to particular needs. Disabled persons, their friends and family, and technicians have shared ideas and information to design cycling machines that reduce the limitations of technologies and environments developed for so-called "able" bodies. Here, we present a typology identifying seven types of cycles that were and are used by disabled persons for varying purposes. They are as follows: transporters, pedomotives, manumotives, sociables, stability machines, tandems, and power-assisted bikes. In each case, examples existed in the nineteenth century or earlier but social construction and improved materials and technology have dramatically enhanced their utility in recent years.
Re: / Re-
Authors: Brewer Elizabeth , Brueggemann Brenda , Henry Kelsey
Published: August 2022

No abstract available.
Acné pediátrico
Authors: Lizardo Castro Gustavo Adolfo , Aguilar Gutiérrez Katia Farina
Published: August 2022

El acné vulgar es una enfermedad común, inflamatoria y multifactorial de la unidad pilosebácea que afecta, primariamente, a los adolescentes; sin embargo, puede encontrarse a cualquier edad. Cuando ocurre entre el nacimiento y los 12 años se denomina acné pediátrico, el que con base en la edad de inicio se ha categorizado en acné neonatal, infantil, de la mediana niñez y preadolescente. La importancia de esta categorización reside en los procesos etiopatogénicos implicados, curso, complicaciones y pronóstico.El acné neonatal que coexiste en las primeras 8 semanas de la vida tiene excelente pronóstico y no requiere tratamiento. El acné infantil ocurre de 8 semanas a 1 año; la mayoría cursa sin complicaciones y tiene la implicación de padecer acné severo en la adolescencia. El acné de la mediana niñez aparece entre 1 y 7 años, periodo en el que virtualmente no existen hormonas adrenales ni gonadales, por lo que debe investigarse una endocrinopatía subyacente. En cambio, el acné preadolescente, entre los 7 y 12 años, es muy frecuente y considerado normal. Sin embargo, en todo paciente con síntomas y signos de hiperandrogenismo deberá investigarse un trastorno endocrinológico.El conocimiento del acné pediátrico permitirá al médico tratante o al pediatra sospechar la existencia de una enfermedad subyacente. La influencia de la dieta occidental en la severidad del acné se ha demostrado y está adquiriendo mayor relevancia. El tratamiento pronto y efectivo del acné reduce la repercusión psicosocial del paciente. Sin embargo, se requieren investigaciones futuras para determinar ese efecto en el paciente pediátrico.
Desarrollo del favoritismo de grupo en niños con trastornos del neurodesarrollo
Authors: Vaucheret Paz Esteban , Hyland Martin , Petracca Luciana , Corleto Mariela , Martino Maximiliano , Leist Mariana , Garcia Basalo Maria
Published: August 2022

ANTECEDENTES: Cuando las personas toman decisiones tienden a preferir miembros de su grupo y discriminan a los de otros.OBJETIVO: Investigar el desarrollo del favoritismo de grupo en niños con trastorno del neurodesarrollo, sobre todo sujetos con trastorno del espectro autista a fin de comprender mejor la evolución, el desarrollo y la estrategia utilizada por esta población al momento de tomar decisiones.MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio analítico, transversal, con muestras pareadas por género y nivel intelectual efectuado en sujetos en edad pediátrica, con trastornos del neurodesarrollo. Los participantes observaron dos videos. En el primero un jugador de futbol de su país cometía un gol con la mano; en el segundo, un jugador de otro país cometía la misma infracción contra el país del participante. Algunos vieron primero un video y luego el otro; otros en forma inversa.RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 99 sujetos que se dividieron en grupo 1: menores de 9 años (n = 34) y grupo 2: mayores de 9 años (n = 65). El grupo 1 mostró sentimientos negativos en ambos videos (p = 0.13). El grupo 2 mostró un sentimiento más negativo en el video 2 (p < 0.001) que se correlacionó con la edad. No se encontró relación con el género, nivel intelectual ni con diagnósticos del grupo 1. Los sujetos con trastornos del espectro autista mayores de 9 años refirieron, igualmente, sentimientos negativos en ambos videos. El orden de los videos no influyó en los resultados.CONCLUSIÓN: El favoritismo de grupo se manifiesta en sujetos con trastornos del neurodesarrollo, igual que en la población típica, en mayores de 9 años. Los sujetos con trastornos del espectro autista, independientemente de su edad, tienden a cumplir las reglas sin mostrar preferencia de grupo, quizá por compromiso en teoría de la mente y funciones ejecutivas.PALABRAS CLAVES: Trastornos del neurodesarrollo; edad pediátrica; sentimientos; trastornos del espectro autista; teoría de la mente; funciones ejecutivas.
Tipificación de aislamientos de Ralstonia mannitolilytica en un hospital pediátrico de la Ciudad de México
Authors: Aquino-Andrade Alejandra , Merida-Vieyra Jocelin , Lara-Hernández Antonino , Hernández-Orozco Hilda , De Colsa-Ranero Agustin
Published: August 2022

Introducción: Ralstonia mannitolilytica es un agente causal de infecciones asociadas al cuidado de la salud. Las especies del género Ralstonia son difíciles de identificar y diferenciar. Nuestro objetivo fue identificar y tipificar aislamientos de R. mannitolilytica obtenidos de hemocultivos de pacientes pediátricos. Métodos: Colectamos 10 aislamientos de R. mannitolilytica identificados con un sistema automatizado, un sistema de espectrometría de masas con analizador de tiempo de vuelo y desorción mediante láser asistida por matriz (MALDI-TOF-MS, Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry) y análisis del gen 16S rRNA. Se determinó el perfil de resistencia y se tipificaron las carbapenemasas a través de PCR y secuenciación. Se estableció la relación clonal de los aislamientos mediante electroforesis en gel de campos pulsados (PFGE). Resultados: El sistema MALDI-TOF-MS y análisis del gen 16S rRNA identificaron a los aislamientos como R. mannitolilytica; todos pertenecieron a la misma clona y fueron resistentes a meropenem, se detectaron a las carbapenemasas OXA-443 y OXA-444 en todos ellos. Conclusiones: Este es el primer reporte de aislamientos de R. mannitolilytica con origen clonal y que poseen las carbapenemasas OXA-443 y OXA-444 en pacientes pediátricos mexicanos.
Enteritis ileal y constipación crónica como manifestaciones clínicas debutantes en espondiloartritis juvenil en paciente pediátrica. Un diagnóstico desafiante
Authors: Campoverde Arévalo Byron Pascual , Del Valle Guerra Vilca Jhaneth , Aldean Riofrío Jorge Ramiro , Loor-Chavez Richard
Published: August 2022

INTRODUCCIÓN. La espondiloartritis juvenil (ESJ) es un trastorno poco frecuente en la población pediátrica, representa entre un 15 a 20% de las artritis juveniles. En los niños a diferencia de los adultos, es característico oligoartritis de miembros inferiores, entesitis y positividad de HLA B27 en menores de 16 años. Pueden existir manifestaciones extrarticulares, pero es muy raro que debuten con manifestaciones intestinales sin otro síntoma acompañantes. OBJETIVO. Describir un caso clínico poco común que muestra las características clínicas y radiológicas de la enteritis por espondiloartropatia juvenil.CASO CLÍNICO. Niña de 10 años de edad evaluada por cuadro crónico de estreñimiento, dolor y distensión abdominal de 1 año de evolución, padre y tío paterno con espondilitis anquilosante. El ultrasonido abdominal reflejó engrosamiento de pared intestinal generalizada de predominio ileal, esto llevó a la sospecha de patología intestinal autoinmune, se inició abordaje de las patologías más frecuentes para la edad mediante exámenes de imagen y colonoscopía. La positividad de HLA B27 y posterior aparición de oligoartritis y entesitis de miembros inferiores fueron claves para su diagnóstico. Se indicaron anti inflamatorios no esteroideos y sulfazalazina por 12 semanas sin mejoría y agravamiento de la enfermedad, se decidió terapia biológica con lo cual hubo mejoría clara del cuadro.CONCLUSIONES El caso clínico demuestra la presentación poco habitual del compromiso intestinal que precede a las manifestaciones articulares en la espondiloartropatía juvenil. Es importante estudiar una distensión abdominal y estreñimiento crónicos de difícil manejo, mediante una investigación detallada de la anamnesis y estudios de imagen más específicos para valorar intestino.