bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Une relecture des origines du club Massiac, entre Saint-Domingue et métropole, 1788-1790
Authors: Taleb Sonia
Published: January 2025

La Société correspondante des colons français, société de riches propriétaires esclavagistes domingois, progressivement identifiée à l’hôtel de Massiac qui accueillait ses réunions et officiellement créée à Paris le 20 août 1789, s’attache dès sa création à maintenir l’ordre impérial esclavagiste en s’opposant aux idées abolitionnistes, aux revendications des libres de couleur pour l’égalité politique, mais également à la représentation de Saint-Domingue à l’Assemblée nationale. Cet article se propose de réinterroger les origines du club Massiac et d’explorer la période charnière qui entoure sa création, en suivant quatre de ses membres actifs. Société politique et lobby franco-domingois, le club Massiac doit être analysé à la fois comme le produit de l’histoire tardive de Saint-Domingue et comme celui du processus révolutionnaire français.
Le rapport Genet (1793) sur la bataille du Cap français : aux sources d’un texte anti-esclavagiste
Authors: Cabot Andy
Published: January 2025

Cet article explore un épisode négligé de l’action du ministre plénipotentiaire français Edmond-Charles Genet concernant Saint-Domingue : à partir d’une analyse du rapport qu’il rédigea pour le ministère des Affaires étrangères en novembre 1793, il réévalue le rôle de Genet dans la construction du récit de l’émancipation générale mis en place par les commissaires civils en poste sur l’île – Sonthonax et Polverel – après la bataille du Cap-Français fin juin 1793. La reconstitution des événements ébauchée dans cet article nous permet d’apprécier la dimension impériale et transatlantique de ce personnage majeur de l’histoire des révolutions et ainsi de le ramener un peu mieux à sa juste place dans l’histoire de la première abolition de l’esclavage par la France, et celle plus large des abolitions à l’ère des révolutions.
Procédure in absentia devant la CPI : les absents ont-ils toujours tort ?
Authors: Nicolas-Gréciano Marie
Published: January 2025

Le 29 octobre 2024, la Cour pénale internationale a, dans une décision historique, autorisé la tenue d’une audience de confirmation des charges en l’absence de Joseph Kony, suspect qualifié d’introuvable. A travers cette décision, la juridiction permanente ouvre la voie aux procédures in absentia, afin de poursuivre son objectif de lutte contre l'impunité. Cette solution soulève toutefois un certain nombre d'interrogations relatives au procès équitable et aux droits de la défense
The liber sepulturarum of the collegiate church of Saint-Paul of Lyon
Authors: Chopin Hervé
Published: January 2025

The liber sepulturarum of the collegiate church of Saint-Paul in Lyon is a unique document that was published but never actually utilised in a more in-depth study. Using a database created from the published edition, it was possible to conduct inquiries and to consider the commemorative strategies of the parishioners. Dating from the end of the fourteenth – beginning of the fifteenth century, month by month, week by week, the anniversaries and the locations of the graves of the deceased who founded one or more anniversaries are listed. Thus, in this book, which contains the records of more than twelve hundred people, men and women, laymen and clerics, the location of the tombs – in the cemetery, the cloister or other places surrounding the canonical quarter – was meticulously recorded, so they could be located for commemoration on the day of the foundation of the anniversary. This document allows a topographical approach to the burial sites (cloister, cemetery, the parish church of Saint-Laurent, chapels, the space between the two churches, the chevet of the collegiate church, etc.) and, through the references therein, also a social approach, whereby elements such as occupation, origin, gender, marriage and family connections can be established. Further questions arise, such as the reuse of graves or differences in treatment between men and women (half as many as men). The descriptions provided by the document also allow to envisage with some precision the shapes of the graves (inscription, representations, etc.). Some of the tombs described, dating back to the thirteenth century, still exist, a number of which serve as actual landmarks. Thus, with the database created for this work, it is possible to precisely locate these various places using a GIS and ancient representations and understand how the parishioners, canons, people linked to the community (canons' servants, bell ringers, etc.) and outsiders fit into this city of the dead. The following question also emerges: the apparent absence of burials in the collegiate church. The cross-referencing of this remarkable document with other sources, whether archaeological or archival, provides a better understanding of the organisation of parish life and the status of lay people within a parish run by canons.
A morte e a memória no Mosteiro de Lorvão
Authors: Rêpas Luís Miguel , Barreira Catarina Fernandes
Published: January 2025

A celebração da morte em contexto cisterciense estava sujeita à normativa emanada do Capítulo Geral da Ordem, mas não deixa de revelar marcas específicas de comunidade para comunidade. Neste texto identificamos algumas das pessoas que escolheram o Mosteiro de Lorvão para lugar de inumação, ao longo de vários séculos, com o objetivo de conhecer alguns daqueles cuja morte aí era celebrada, para além, obviamente, dos vários membros da comunidade conventual e daqueles definidos pela Ordem de Cister. Num segundo momento, a partir da análise dos documentos e, em particular, de alguns dos códices litúrgicos que pertenceram ao Mosteiro de Lorvão, focar-nos-emos na celebração da liturgia associada à morte e aos momentos que a antecedem (ritual da unção das enfermas), bem como nas fórmulas e nas orações associadas às exéquias. Por fim, analisaremos o culto e as comemorações em torno dos defuntos. Esta análise terá em conta, por um lado, a normativa e outras questões identitárias da Ordem de Cister, como a uniformidade litúrgica, e, por outro, a female agency, ou seja, se é possível perscrutar, através destes testemunhos, o protagonismo de monjas e abadessas num conjunto de rituais e práticas litúrgicas feitas por homens e para homens.
Expressões retóricas do amor no Cancioneiro Geral de Garcia de Resende
Authors: Fernandes Geraldo Augusto
Published: January 2025

Na Antiguidade, o orador pautava-se pela elocutio para fazer de seu discurso um rico ornato com a intenção de convencer seu auditório de que ele, orador, defendia uma tese justa, e que sua oratória era, antes de tudo, uma peça para deleite. Na Idade Média, os ornamentos de que se serviam os oradores antigos passam à composição poética não só como um trabalho do léxico, mas também como o modo pelo qual a poesia era estruturada. Vejam-se as rimas, o ritmo, a métrica, mesmo que estas duas fossem já parte da criação retórico-poética dos antigos. A rima e a estrofe são, então, partes do ornamento juntamente com as figuras e os tropos, antes usados na eloquência oratória. Os humanistas medievais, no seu culto à civilização antiga, transpõem para o ato de poetar os mesmos elementos e preocupações característicos dos oradores passados. Os recursos de que se servem os poetas seriam, através da revalorização da poesia, a harmonia e a musicalidade, pelas quais se expressavam os conteúdos mais diversos da indagação humana, o que revela as preocupações antigas que os poetas medievais emularam. A poética expressada no Cancioneiro Geral de Garcia de Resende vale-se dessas expressões retóricas para embelezar os poemas. Neste estudo, proponho elencar essas expressões relacionadas ao tema do amor. Para tanto, faço uso de teóricos e estudiosos da Literatura como Quintiliano, Heinrich Lausberg, Maria Isabel Morán Cabanas, Massimo Marini, Pierre Le Gentil, Edmond Faral, Juan Casas Rigall, entre outros.
Introduction to Programmatic Advertising
Authors: Gupta Anisha , Golchha Dikshita , Azhar Mohd
Published: January 2025

Programmatic advertising, in the ever-fluid context of digital marketing, has successfully redefined the page and leveraged big data and advertising technologies for delivering high impact and wide-scope contextualised advertising (Jain et al, 2022). In this chapter of the present study, programmatic advertising is defined as the form of advertising, placing the method under consideration in opposition to traditional advertising solutions by emphasizing on its Real-Time Bidding (RTB) processes and targeting of ads in various online media (Cooper et al, 2023). The elements like Demand-Side Platforms (DSPs), Supply-Side Platforms (SSPs), Ad Exchanges, Data Management Platforms (DMPs), and Real-Time Bidding (RTB) are described, which creates a clear vision of ecosystem.
The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Ad Fraud Detection in the Blockchain and Programmatic Advertising Ecosystem
Authors: Sağlam Munise Hayrun , Kirçova Ibrahim
Published: January 2025

The role of artificial intelligence (AI) in ad fraud detection within the blockchain and programmatic advertising (PA) ecosystem is becoming increasingly crucial. As digital advertising continues to evolve, the complexities and scale of real-time transactions pose significant challenges for advertisers and publishers. Ad fraud, including click fraud, results in substantial financial losses, projected to reach $172 billion by 2028. AI technologies, such as machine learning and deep learning, have proven effective in identifying fraudulent activities and enhancing the accuracy and reliability of ad campaigns. Additionally, blockchain technology offers transparency and security by recording and verifying each ad interaction, ensuring data integrity and trust. This book chapter explores the significance of AI and blockchain in addressing ad fraud, highlighting their potential to transform the digital advertising landscape and improve the efficiency and effectiveness of advertising investments.
Strategies for Combating Criminal Use and Abuse of Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Ayyaswamy Kathirvel , Kathirvel Naren , Vianny Maria Manuel
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the criminal use and abuse of artificial intelligence (AI), exploring the effectiveness of various mitigation strategies. It employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative data from a survey of 211 experts with qualitative insights from academic, governmental, and industrial publications. The research examines four key hypotheses: the impact of public and organizational awareness, the role of advanced detection technologies, the effectiveness of ethical guidelines, and the influence of penalties and enforcement. The findings reveal that awareness, technology, ethics, and enforcement all contribute to mitigating AI misuse. The study concludes by proposing comprehensive strategies, including targeted awareness campaigns, investment in detection technologies, robust ethical guidelines, and strengthened legal frameworks, to effectively combat the criminal use of AI.
The Çapul.tv Experience of Gezi Park Movement
Authors: Dogan Sahika
Published: January 2025

The decreasing role of nation states in regulating trade and commerce generated an imbalanced international economic order and threatened sustainable economic development at national level. As a consequence, the closing years of the 20th century witnessed the birth of anti-corporate and anti-government social movements, critical of the neoliberal globalization of corporate capitalism that aimed to direct attention to social and economic imbalance both at national and international levels. The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between contemporary social movements and online participatory media. The assumption of this study is that contemporary social movements demand the support of online participatory media environment by nature. The sustainability of online participatory media forms emerged in these movements depends on their civic culture. The perseverance of çapul.tv, which is established during Gezi Park movement, is owed to its civic bases.
Sidestepping Ad Fraud Through Interfaces of Artificial Intelligence Machine Learning
Authors: Singh Bhupinder
Published: January 2025

The contemporary landscape of banking and financial industry is marked by an amalgamation of cutting-edge technologies and ever-evolving complexities, underscoring the pressing need for innovative solutions to combat a surge in sophisticated fraudulent activities. The focus is particularly sharpened on three pivotal dimensions: Ad Click Fraud, Credit Card Management Fraud and Document Dispensation Fraud within the expansive domain of E-commerce transactions. This chapter explores the AI-based document verification systems which emphasizing their pivotal role in securing transactions that hinge on authenticating documents such as- forged documentation are addressed through innovative solutions including the integration of blockchain technology with AI which not only enhances security but also establishes an immutable ledger of transactions, mitigating risks associated with document-based frauds.
Impact of Overtourism on Culinary Tourism
Authors: Sharma Parveen , Chhikara Sumit , Singh Dilbag
Published: January 2025

This chapter will delve into the multifaceted consequences of overtourism on culinary tourism. It will examine how excessive tourist arrivals can lead to increased prices, loss of authenticity, environmental degradation, and negative impacts on local communities. The chapter will discuss specific effects, such as the rise of mass-produced food, cultural appropriation, and resource depletion. Additionally, it will explore strategies to mitigate the negative impacts of overtourism, including sustainable food sourcing, community-based tourism, and ethical tourism practices. By understanding the challenges and opportunities presented by overtourism, policymakers, tourism professionals, and local communities can work together to promote responsible and sustainable culinary tourism experiences.
Reimagining Tourism Growth
Authors: Özberk Tuğçe Merve İnak , Kumar Narendra
Published: January 2025

This chapter explores the strategic role of digital marketing in addressing overtourism and advancing sustainable tourism. It examines how technologies like augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) can mitigate the negative impacts of excessive tourism by offering immersive digital experiences that reduce reliance on physical visits to overburdened destinations. The chapter emphasizes the integration of digital marketing tools with sustainability principles to balance tourism demand, protect cultural heritage, and minimize environmental degradation. It also highlights how AR and VR can redirect traveler flows, support eco-conscious decision-making, and enhance travel planning. Additionally, these technologies expand accessibility to tourism experiences for individuals unable to travel, promoting inclusivity. By demonstrating the transformative potential of digital marketing and innovation, this chapter provides insights into creating a sustainable future for global tourism.
Instructional Framework of Professional Ethics
Authors: Wahid Siti Nurhuda Binti Abd , Halili Siti Hajar Binti
Published: January 2025

There are two distinct types of ethics, namely theoretical ethics and applied ethics, usually referred to as professional ethics. Review of pedagogical approaches revealed that a variety of pedagogical approaches are adopted in teaching ethics. Nonetheless, the progressive nature of ethics education requires a more dynamic approach. Instructional design is considered as the process of solving educational issues via systematic strategy. Design-based research is adopted utilising qualitative techniques to explore teaching practices in professional ethics. Data is collected via document analysis and interviews with selected technical educators. The study identified elements of professional ethics which integrated into the proposed instructional framework using applied cognitive task analysis. The formulation of instructional framework of professional ethics for technical educators addresses the gap between theoretical aspects of professional ethics and instructional activities, optimising technical educators' knowledge and teaching experience.
Sustainable Cultural Ecosystem Framework
Authors: Nor Rohaniah Binti Mohd
Published: January 2025

This chapter explores the design of a sustainable cultural ecosystem framework to rationalize the need for sustainability culture in Polytechnic Malaysia. A design-based research (DBR) approach was chosen where all processes repeat continuously until unanimous agreement among experts is reached. The four main objectives to address the four questions are achieved through four phases. The DBR approach is implemented in the third and fourth phases to find an accurate and appropriate answer from expert consensus as described in the DBR concept. The findings found that management and leadership are important elements in ensuring the existence of a sustainable cultural ecosystem is implemented effectively at Polytechnic Malaysia. This research suggests a holistic framework design intervention as a guide to Malaysian polytechnics and educational institutions in cultivating sustainability as a lifestyle.
ML-Based Data Analysis for Stock Market Forecasting
Authors: Johri Shiva , Suganya R. , Selvakumar P. , Gupta Puneet Kumar , Sethumadhavan R. , Vasu M. S.
Published: January 2025

Machine learning has rapidly transformed various sectors, and the stock market is no exception. Traditionally dominated by human intuition and fundamental analysis, stock market forecasting has increasingly integrated sophisticated algorithms and data-driven for every scenario. In the stock market, forecasting aims to predict future price movements or trends based on historical data and other relevant inputs. Machine learning enhances this process by leveraging algorithms that, correlations, and anomalies within large datasets. Unlike traditional statistical methods, which may rely on linear assumptions and require extensive domain expertise, machine learning to new data more flexibly. These models include various techniques such as which identifies hidden structures or patterns in unlabeled data.Supervised learning models, such as linear regression, decision trees, and neural networks, have gained prominence in stock market forecasting. Linear regression predicts future values based on linear relationships between variables.
AI-Powered Insights
Authors: Raavi Tarun Sai , Radhika Ramanchi , Shree Charan C.
Published: January 2025

Stock market forecasting remains a complex and highly interested field. The transition from conventional statistical techniques to sophisticated machine learning (AI) technology has brought about a significant change in the approach to financial predictive analysis. With an emphasis on machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL), this chapter attempts to provide a thorough synthesis of the literature on the application of AI techniques in stock market price prediction. Furthermore, this chapter delineates deficiencies in existing knowledge, domains of agreement, and directions for future investigation. Through the integration and systematic analysis of information from many sources, the chapter offers a comprehensive knowledge of the present level of knowledge. This overview offers an in-depth and comprehensive perspective on the development, current status, and future prospects of AI technology in stock market prediction. This paper offers a comprehensive framework for future investigations in the field of stock market prediction utilizing artificial intelligence.
Predictive Analytics in Finance
Authors: Chhikara Harshdeep , Chhikara Sumit , Gupta Lovelesh
Published: January 2025

This chapter examines the transformative role of artificial intelligence (AI) across various sectors, focusing on its impact on financial decision-making, business analytics, and risk management. It highlights how AI technologies, such as machine learning and predictive modeling, are enhancing decision-making accuracy and operational efficiency in financial sectors and supply chain management. The study also explores AI's influence in emerging economies, driving economic growth and innovation despite challenges. Additionally, it addresses ethical considerations, including data privacy and the need for Explainable AI (XAI) to ensure transparency and trust. The chapter underscores AI's potential to reshape industries and improve decision-making processes while navigating its inherent challenges.
Blockchain-Driven Innovations in the Banking and Financial Sectors
Authors: Vashishth Tarun Kumar , Sharma Vikas , Kaushik Vineet , Sharma Kewal Krishan
Published: January 2025

The banking and financial sectors are transforming through the integration of blockchain and automated machine learning (ML). This chapter explores their combined potential to revolutionize traditional financial processes, enhancing efficiencies, transparency, and risk management. Blockchain's decentralized, secure nature ensures tamper-proof record-keeping and reduces fraud, while automated ML enables real-time data analysis, predictive modeling, personalized customer experiences, and efficient decision-making. This synergy streamlines operations, optimizes risk assessment, and offers tailored financial solutions. The chapter also addresses the impact on regulatory compliance, cross-border transactions, identity verification, and lending, while discussing challenges related to scalability, data privacy, and integration, providing a comprehensive understanding of the evolving financial landscape.
Impact of amylose content on physical properties, cooking qualities, and water absorption of long-grain basmati-type rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties
Authors: Bandara A. G. A. , Batugahage B. D. U. R. , Prasantha B. D. R. , Senanayake D. M. J. B.
Published: January 2025

Basmati-type rice is preferred for consumption due to its aromatic, soft, and sticky texture after cooking. Amylose content can play a significant role in determining the overall cooking, eating and other physicochemical properties of rice. The present study aimed to determine physical, cooking and soaking water sorption characteristics of three different Basmati-type long grain rice varieties grown in Sri Lanka:  At-306, At-309, and At-405. The physical and cooking qualities evaluated were grain dimensions, gelatinization temperature (GT), cooking time, cooking water uptake, grain elongation ratio, and solid gruel loss. Soaking water absorption of three rough rice varieties was studied at 30, 45, and 60°C by the equilibrium weight gain method.  The amylose content (AC) of At-306, At-309 and At-405 were high, intermediate and low, respectively. Rice GT values, as measured by alkali-spreading value, were the highest in At-306 (71.740C) and the lowest in At-405 (66.840C). There was a significant correlation (r=0.84-0.94; P<0.01) between the AC and cooking time, cooking water uptake ratio, grain elongation ratio, and solid gruel loss of Basmati-type rice. However, no significant correlations were observed between AC and the physical properties. An increased soaking water absorption rate was observed with increasing soaking temperature as well as with decreasing AC.  Peleg model rate constant (K1) and capacity constant (K2) decreased with increasing soaking temperature. The estimated equilibrium moisture absorption (Me) increases as the AC decreases but Me content varies among Basmati-type rice varieties. Moreover, it is important to note that Me increased as the soaking water temperature increases from 30°C to 60°C, regardless of the rice varieties.
Optical pulse propagation in inhomogeneous fibers in the anomalous dispersive regime: dispersion-managed bright solitons
Authors: Miah Mohammad Idrish
Published: January 2025

We study the nonlinear electromagnetic wave propagation in inhomogeneous fibers in the anomalous dispersive regime. In order to include the inhomogeneous physical effects, the nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation, which governs the solitary pulse propagation in optical fiber, is modified by adding terms for phase modulation and fiber power loss/gain. Lax pair construction and Hirota transformation are introduced in order to bilinearize and solve the modified inhomogeneous NLS equations. A general integrability condition is arrived for gain and loss cases. The modified NLS equations in the anomalous dispersive regime are then Hirota bilinearized, and exact bright solitons solutions are obtained. The analytical soliton solutions are also obtained. The results show that in both gain and loss cases the areas of the pulse envelopes remain preserved during the propagation in the fibers, demonstrating that bright solitary wave propagation is maintained in the cores. The results are discussed in detail.
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, and Related Factors among a Sample of Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome Attending Al-Imamain Al-Kadhimain Medical City in 2023
Authors: Kareem Kareez Abbas , Sahib Ali Abd Ali
Published: January 2025

Background:

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the most common functional gastrointestinal disorder seen in both primary and secondary care. It is a major socioeconomic burden because affected patients use more health-care resources with reduced work productivity when compared to the healthy population.

Objectives:

The objectives of this study were to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of IBS patients and to assess some sociodemographic factors that may related to these variables.

Patients and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Gastroenterology Clinic and Internal Medicine clinic at Al-Imamain Al-Kadhimain Medical City in Baghdad/Iraq during the period from April 1, 2023, to August 31, 2023. All patients 18 years and older diagnosed with IBS were included in the study. A total of 280 patients participated in the study. Data were collected through a face-to-face interview with the patients using a standardized questionnaire with some modifications.

Results:

The average participant age was 39.61 ± 14.77 years, with most (72.1%) falling between 18 and 45 years, and 65.7% reported having a family history of IBS. The results show that 171 patients (61%) had an acceptable level of knowledge score. Two hundred and sixty-six patients (95%) acknowledged the role of stress and anxiety in IBS, and most participants (92.5%) knew the importance of immediate medical attention for serious symptoms. Education plays a pivotal role (P = 0.0001). Higher education correlates with excellent knowledge, Illiterates mostly have poor knowledge. One hundred and seventy-eight patients (64%) had positive attitude. One hundred and sixty-nine patients (60%) had bad practice. One hundred and ninety-five patients (69.6%) avoid certain foods that are known to trigger IBS symptoms, and 157 patients (56.1%) reported adequate sleep.

Conclusions:

The majority of IBS patients had an acceptable level of knowledge, positive attitude, and bad practice. Most of them know that managing anxiety and changing diet can improve IBS symptoms.
Knowledge and Attitude of Tetanus–Diphtheria Vaccine in a Group of Pregnant Women in Baghdad 2023
Authors: Aswad Thuraya Hatam , Abdul-Sahib Hanadi Muhammad
Published: January 2025

Background:

Tetanus–diphtheria-containing vaccine is still recommended for pregnant women even in countries that declared the elimination of neonatal tetanus and consequently the maternal tetanus. Many factors may affect vaccination during pregnancy. Knowledge is a key factor that greatly affects pregnant women.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge and attitude of tetanus–diphtheria vaccine among pregnant women and to find any association between vaccine knowledge and attitude and study variables (age, educational status, employment, family income, socioeconomic status [SES], and antenatal care [ANC]).

Subjects and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted in Baghdad city. Data collection was from March 1, 2023, to May 30, 2023. Thirteen primary health-care centers and two teaching hospitals were chosen conveniently to be included in the study. Total number of participants were 329 primigravida pregnant women. An interview questionnaire was used to collect quantitative data related to the knowledge and attitude of women about tetanus–diphtheria immunization and tetanus infection.

Results:

the study found that 73.6% of women had an accepted level of knowledge, 11.8% had an optimal level of knowledge, while 14.5% had a poor level of knowledge. Higher knowledge and attitude levels were significantly higher among older age group women and those with higher level of education and SES. ANC attendance and work status showed statistical insignificance regarding the level of knowledge and attitude. Women identify ANC and family members and friends as their primary sources of information about tetanus infection and immunization.

Conclusions:

Women’s knowledge was acceptable regarding tetanus infection and tetanus–diphtheria immunization. It is possible for proper health education targeting young women to prevent the occurrence of maternal neonatal tetanus. This might be possible with proper use of mass media to increase awareness.
Knowledge and Attitudes toward Epilepsy among Teachers in a District in Baghdad, Al-Karkh 2023
Authors: Obiad Sura Haitham , Nasir Nadia Aziz
Published: January 2025

Background:

Epilepsy, affecting 50 million people globally, disproportionately impacts children and those in low-and middle-income countries. It leads to recurring seizures and significant social, cognitive, and psychological challenges. Stigma and lack of awareness, especially in educational settings, hinder the quality of life and inclusion of individuals with epilepsy. Addressing these challenges through improved understanding and support in schools is crucial for enhancing the well-being of those affected.

Objectives:

The objective of this study was to assess knowledge and attitudes toward epilepsy among school teachers and to examine the influence of sociodemographic factors and school types on the level of knowledge and attitude.

Methodology:

A cross-sectional study was conducted in Baghdad’s Al-Mansour District from February to December 2023. A cluster sampling technique was used to select 30 schools. All teachers in selected schools were included in the study. Data collection involved a self-administered questionnaire covering sociodemographic information, knowledge, and attitudes toward epilepsy.

Results:

The entire study sample was 530 school teachers, only 45% had poor knowledge, and 18% demonstrated good knowledge. Fifty-one percent of teachers displayed poor attitudes toward epilepsy. Logistic regression analysis identified a family history of epilepsy and witnessing an epileptic attack as significant factors positively influencing knowledge. However, demographic factors showed no significant impact on knowledge or attitudes toward epilepsy.

Conclusion:

A notable knowledge gap and attitudes about epilepsy. Social media and television were important sources of information about epilepsy, which may not always provide accurate or comprehensive knowledge. Teachers with a family history of epilepsy and teachers who have witnessed epileptic attacks tend to have better knowledge. However, age, gender, marital status, and educational level do not significantly influence knowledge and attitude levels.
Incorporating Community Case Management in Risk-Based Surveillance for Malaria Elimination in the Dominican Republic
Authors: Byrne Isabel , Nelli Luca , Ureña Keyla , Désir Luccène , Hilario Rodriguez Claudia , Michelén Ströfer Nicole , Lana Justin T. , Noland Gregory S. , Tejada Beato Manuel de Jesús , Cruz Raposo Jose Luis , Drakeley Chris , Hamre Karen E. S. , Stresman Gillian
Published: January 2025

As countries strive for malaria elimination, it is crucial to gather sufficient evidence to confirm the absence of transmission. Routine surveillance data often lack the sensitivity to detect community transmission at low levels. In the Dominican Republic, community health workers (CHWs) have been deployed in malaria foci to perform active case detection. This study aimed to assess the added value of CHWs in enhancing the health system’s malaria detection capabilities. Freedom from infection (FFI) is a statistical framework designed to demonstrate the absence of malaria by using routinely collected health data. We adapted this framework to include CHW data, estimating their contribution to the health system’s malaria detection ability. The model was applied to facility and CHW data from 33 facilities across nine provinces in the Dominican Republic, covering the period from January 2018 to April 2022. The likelihood that a facility’s catchment population is free from malaria infection (Pfree) was achieved in 52% of facilities by using only routine data, sustained for an average of 13 months. With the addition of CHW data, 88% of facilities reached Pfree, sustained for an average of 37 months. Incorporating CHW data enhanced the precision of model estimates by over 500-fold. The study demonstrated the near absence of malaria in several facility catchment populations. It highlighted the importance of community case management in supplementing routine surveillance, thereby improving the precision of malaria transmission estimates. These findings support the further application of the FFI framework to accelerate progress toward malaria elimination in the Dominican Republic.
The First Autochthonous Case of Actinomycetoma in a Bedouin Patient in the Israeli Negev Region
Authors: Haber Meital , Shafat Tali , Samueli Benzion , Grupel Daniel
Published: January 2025

We report the first autochthonous case of actinomycetoma in a Bedouin patient from Israel’s Negev Region. The patient presented with plantar and interdigital (web) nodular lesions. The time to diagnosis from the first medical contact was 4 years, and several treatment modifications were made until a satisfactory clinical response was achieved. This case underscores the potential underdiagnosis of mycetoma in nonendemic areas, the limited data regarding optimal treatment regimens, and the need for heightened clinical awareness.
Colores del cielo profundo: filosofía cromática en la Trilogía Cósmica de C. S. Lewis
Authors: Ramos Vera Mario
Published: January 2025

C. S. Lewis reflexionó sobre la filosofía del color de manera accesoria en algunas de sus obras teóricas y les dio cauce narrativo en la Trilogía cósmica. A pesar de ser una cuestión escasamente explorada en la academia, resulta pertinente investigar el valor filosófico y especulativo que concede al color en el ámbito de su teoría de lo real, de inspiración platónica. Esta investigación aspira a analizar e interpretar, desde la cosmología precopernicana, la relevancia ontológica, epistemológica y metafísica del color de las que se hacen eco los tres libros que componen la saga de Ransom a través de una serie de temas recurrentes. El profesor Lewis, además, acompañó estas reflexiones de una interdisciplinariedad que se sustentaba sobre el simbolismo medieval. En la trilogía, los colores de los mundos del espacio profundo revelan la verdadera realidad inteligible y anticipan el fundamento metafísico del cosmos en el marco de una metanarrativa teísta y trascendente.
¿Un límite al humanismo de Francisco de Vitoria?: Acotaciones a la definición de persona
Authors: Zorroza Huarte Mª Idoya
Published: January 2025

En los siglos XV y XVI, con "Humanismo" entendemos una nueva forma de entender al ser humano, que destaca su dignidad y su valor intrínseco. Se potencia cada vez más la capacidad activa, transformadora y creativa del ser humano, lo que lo hace una realidad única en el mundo y separado de él. Esa dignidad le viene de su naturaleza racional y libre, por la que puede darse una identidad propia a través de sus acciones. Por tanto, se debe hablar de “humanismos” e incluso de un humanismo escolástico por la renovación interna que se dio cuando se asumen temas y planteamientos. Por eso se puede vincular la propuesta de Francisco de Vitoria (fundador de la Escuela de Salamanca) con el humanismo, no sólo en confluencia de temas, sino también de estilo y contenido. No así en posiciones últimas, como la fundamentación del término persona, en el que vemos sumariamente dos posiciones: la de Valla y la de Vitoria, de la que se enunciarán las líneas principales de su argumentación.
Convivencia religiosa y periculum fidei. Contribución de la escolástica salmantina a un debate global
Authors: Egío García José Luis
Published: January 2025

El presente artículo presenta la intensa y compleja reflexión que la convivencia entre cristianos y diversos tipos de ‘infieles’, judíos y musulmanes en la España tardomevial, a los que se añadirán paganos, herejes, apóstatas y ateos en la Primera Modernidad, suscitó en algunos de los principales escolásticos salmantinos. Tras una breve mirada a obras tardo-medievales como la Summa theologiae de Tomás de Aquino, un punto de referencia inexcusable para la tradición escolástica hispánica, o el Capistrum iudaeroum de Raimundo Martí, se analizan con detenimiento diversas referencias a la convivencia interreligiosa en los Comentarios a la Secunda Secundae de Francisco de Vitoria. Abordando aspectos de esta convivencia o coexistencia se resalta la tendencia del maestro burgalés a flexibilizar las normatividades tradicionales que advertían con marcado rigorismo del periculum fidei representado por el compartir mesa, techo o debates con ‘infieles’. Analizamos también como con el correr de las décadas, canonistas como Martín de Azpilcueta, posteriores comentaristas de la Summa theologiae como Pedro de Aragón e importantes teólogos morales del siglo XVII como Francisco Suárez y Juan Azor, van abandonando progresivamente el optimismo pro-convivencia de Vitoria para adoptar un tono marcadamente anti-musulmán y anti-judío. Finalmente, el artículo llama la atención sobre la modificación e incluso inversión de algunas pautas de convivencia interreligiosa en la América y Asia de la Primera Modernidad.
IMPLEMENTING RESTORATIVE PRACTICES IN GREEK SECONDARY EDUCATION: INSIGHTS FROM THE EPIRUS REGION
Authors: Zagkos Christos , Ladias Georgios
Published: January 2025

This study explores educators' perspectives on implementing restorative justice practices, specifically school mediation, within the High Schools of Epirus, Greece. It aims to enrich the scientific discussion on conflict resolution and school climate enhancement. Focusing on two primary objectives, the study first seeks to capture teachers' views on mediation's effectiveness in managing conflicts and reducing bullying while also fostering a positive, cooperative environment within schools. Secondly, it examines the practical challenges and barriers to the effective application of restorative practices in educational settings. The methodology employed in this study follows a qualitative research design, focusing on analyzing teachers' perspectives on school mediation through thematic content analysis. The study utilizes semi-structured interviews to gain in-depth insights into the experiences and viewpoints of ten (10) principals and teachers in the Epirus Region who perform the role of mediators in High Schools. The sample, selected through convenience sampling, comprises ten educators with direct involvement in mediation processes within their schools. Data were processed using thematic analysis, which facilitated the identification of recurring themes and patterns that reflect the teachers’ experiences and perceptions. Findings reveal that while educators acknowledge the benefits of training, they emphasize the crucial role of personal skills, including communication and empathy, in successful mediation. The study also identifies specific barriers, such as parental resistance and entrenched cultural biases, that hinder the mediation process. Notably, mediation is shown to uncover deeper social issues within the school environment, indicating the complex layers that affect student behavior and conflict. This research underlines the significant influence of teacher personality in mediation success and highlights the need for ongoing parental involvement to support sustainable improvements in school climate.
 

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PERCEPTIONS OF SCIENCE LEARNING SELF-EFFICACY IN GHANA: INSIGHTS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR EDUCATION
Authors: Nomin Januarius Felix , Owusu Kofi Acheaw , Otami Charles Deodat
Published: January 2025

Self-efficacy is an important attribute capable of shaping a person’s behavior. Perceived academic efficacy plays an influential role in students' school success, motivation, persistence, engagement, and academic achievements for science disciplines. Although various factors have been found to affect Ghanaian high school students’ science learning, their perceived self-efficacy has not been gauged. This study explored senior high school students’ science learning self-efficacy through a cross-sectional survey of 1,507 students. Data collected were analyzed with means, standard deviation and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). The results revealed that students had positive perception about their science learning self-efficacy except for their practical skills. Also, no gender differences in science learning self-efficacy between males and females were seen. It is, therefore, recommended that teachers take active steps by planning and structuring science lessons to include more practical to enhance students’ efficacy in practical skills to boost their overall perception of their science learning abilities.
 

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DEMOCRATIZANDO OS TESTES DE INTELIGÊNCIA: ACESSO ABERTO E GRATUITO AO TESTE DE DOBRADURAS DA BATERIA DE FATORES COGNITIVOS DE ALTA-ORDEM (BAFACALO) / DEMOCRATIZING INTELLIGENCE TESTS: OPEN AND FREE ACCESS TO THE FOLDING TEST OF THE HIGH-ORDER COGNITIVE FACTORS BATTERY (BAFACALO)
Authors: Gomes Cristiano Mauro Assis , De Araujo Jhonys
Published: January 2025

Uma agenda de disponibilização de testes abertos e gratuitos é benéfica à sociedade. Ela se alinha ao movimento da ciência aberta e democratização de testes. O Laboratório de Investigação da Arquitetura Cognitiva (LAICO) se insere nessa agenda a partir de 2021 e começa a disponibilizar os seus testes. Este artigo disponibiliza de forma gratuita e aberta o Teste de Dobraduras da Bateria de Fatores Cognitivos de Alta Ordem (BAFACALO) criado no LAICO. Esse teste objetiva avaliar a habilidade de visualização, a habilidade ampla visuoespacial e o fator geral de inteligência, pertencentes aos modelos de inteligência Cattell-Horn-Carroll e Três Estratos. Esperamos que sua disponibilização contribua para o ensino em avaliação, a investigação de teorias e construtos em inteligência, além de servir como referência para o desenvolvimento de novos instrumentos.

 

An agenda promoting the provision of open and free tests serves as a societal benefit. It aligns with the open science movement and supports the democratization of testing. Since 2021, the Laboratory for Cognitive Architecture Mapping (LAICO) has embraced this agenda by making its tests available to the public. This article introduces the Folding Test of the High-Order Cognitive Factors Battery (BAFACALO), developed by LAICO, as an open and free resource. The test is designed to assess visualization ability, broad visuospatial ability, and the general factor of intelligence, as described in the Cattell-Horn-Carroll and Three-Stratum models of intelligence. We hope this initiative contributes to education in assessment, the exploration of theories and constructs in intelligence, and serves as a model for the development of new instruments.

 

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The prevalence of the use of publicly available digital communication technologies by doctors in professional communication with patients
Authors: Romanova T. E. , Abaeva O. P. , Romanov S. V. , Dzyubak S. A.
Published: January 2025

In addition to officially authorized information resources, doctors of medical organizations widely use publicly available means of digital communication in professional communication with patients, which poses a threat to the disclosure of personal data and information about the patient’s health status.

Aim. To study the frequency of use of publicly available digital means of communication by doctors in professional communication with patients.

Materials and methods. A survey based on author’s questionnaires of 240 doctors, among whom 36.6 ± 3.1% worked in a polyclinic, 18.3 ± 2.4% – in a rural hospital, 45.1 ± 3.2% – in a multidisciplinary urban hospital. Among the respondents were representatives of various age groups and medical specialties.

Results. According to the survey results, only 18.2 ± 2.5% of respondents do not use publicly available digital technologies when communicating with patients. Doctors mainly use messengers (Whatsapp, Viber and others) (44.6 ± 3.2% of respondents), e-mail (24.5 ± 2.8%), less often social networks (12.6 ± 2.1%). As doctors move into older age groups, they use digital technologies less often to communicate with patients (p = 0.045), communication with patients using digital means of communication is more common among male doctors than among female doctors (p = 0.04). The number of doctors using digital technologies in communicating with patients in the city hospital turned out to be significantly higher compared to the central district hospital (p < 0.0001) and polyclinic (p < 0.0001). Doctors of therapeutic specialties are less likely to use digital technologies to communicate with a patient than specialists in surgical specialties (p = 0.04).

Conclusion. The results of the study indicate a high prevalence of the use of publicly available digital communication tools by doctors when communicating with patients: 81.8 ± 2.5% of respondents reported such a practice. At the same time, such unsecured communication channels as messengers and e-mail are the most in demand.
A körforgásos gazdaság kapcsolata a fenntarthatóság társadalmi dimenziójához
Authors: Kriza Máté
Published: January 2025

The concept of the circular economy offers several environmental and economic benefits, such as reducing the generation of waste, reducing the use of natural resources, increasing the resource efficiency of production, or the promotion of the durability, repairability and extended utilization of the products. The academic research related to this new concept has focused primarily on these two pillars of the sustainable development in the past one and a half decade, while much less attention has been paid to the social dimension. As the positive environmental and economic impacts of the circular economy can be relatively well-defined and quantified, in case of social consequences there is much more uncertainty, and the measurement also faces many difficulties. Therefore, it is worth investigating more closely the possible social implications of this new and constantly evolving economic and technological concept. In my paper I seek to explore this issue by reviewing the relevant international literature and presenting some domestic and foreign examples.