bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of chronic intranasal administration of α-synuclein oligomers on motor activity and anxiety in adult and middle-aged mice
Authors: Соловьева О.А. , Грудень М.А. , Шерстнев В.В.
Published: December 2020

К числу наименее экспериментально изученных аспектов патогенеза α-синуклеинопатий (основными представителями которых являются болезнь Паркинсона и деменция с тельцами Леви) относятся возрастные особенности влияния амилоидогенных форм α-синуклеина, образующихся в результате его гиперэкспрессии и мисфолдинга, на поведение и физиологические функции млекопитающих. Цель исследования состояла в изучении влияния олигомеров α-синуклеина на двигательную активность и тревожность взрослых и стареющих мышей. Материалы и методы. Опыты проводили на 6- и 12-месячных самцах мышей C57Bl/6, которым на протяжении 14 дней один раз в сутки вводили раствор олигомеров α-синуклеина (суммарная доза 0,48 мг/кг) или физиологический раствор. Для оценки общей двигательной активности и тревожности использовали тесты «Открытое поле» и «Приподнятый крестообразный лабиринт». Результаты. Обнаружено, что олигомеры α-синуклеина при хроническом введении вызывают у взрослых мышей возрастание тревожности без общих двигательных нарушений, в то время как у стареющих мышей - нарушение двигательной активности (снижение средней скорости и длины пройденного пути) и рост тревожности. Выводы. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о возраст зависимом характере поведенческих эффектов олигомеров α-синуклеина в условиях хронического интраназального введения.

Among the least experimentally studied aspects of the pathogenesis of α- synucleinopathies (major representatives, Parkinson`s disease and Lewy body dementia) are age-related effects of amyloidogenic α-synuclein species resulting from overexpression and misfolding on mammalian behavior and physiological functions. The aim of this study was to evaluate effects of α-synuclein oligomers on motor behavior and anxiety in adult and middle-aged mice. Methods. Experiments were performed on 6- and 12-month-old male C57Bl/6 mice. A solution of α-synuclein oligomers or saline was administered once a day for 14 days (total dose, 0.48 mg/kg). To evaluate the overall motor activity and anxiety, the open field and elevated plus maze tests were used. Results. Chronic administration of α-synuclein oligomers to adult mice increased anxiety without overall motor disorders while middle-aged mice demonstrated both changes in their motor activity (decreases in average speed and path length) and increased anxiety. Conclusions. The study showed that the behavioral effects of α-synuclein oligomers administered chronically, intranasally were age-dependent.
Time course of serum levels of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and soluble LIF receptor (sLIF-R) in development of stage II essential hypertension
Authors: Радаева О.А. , Симбирцев А.С.
Published: December 2020

Цель - изучение сывороточных уровней LIF, sLIr и их соотношение с гемодинамическими параметрами (ЧСС, САД, ДАД, ПАД, ЦАД, срАД, УО, МОК, ОПСС, СПВ) и содержанием вазоактивных веществ (AT II, ET-1, NO, ADMA, SDMA, eNOS, iNOS, NT-proСNP, NT-proBNP) у пациентов с эссенциальной артериальной гипертензией (ЭАГ) II стадии. Методы: количество LIF, sLIF-R/gp190 и вазоактивные вещества в сыворотке определяли иммуноферментным методом. Результаты: у пациентов с ЭАГ II стадии вне зависимости от проведения гипотензивной терапии была более высокая концентрация LIF (7,54 (2,8) пг/мл, 7,5 (2,1) пг/мл), по сравнению с условно здоровыми - 1,25 (0,5) пг/мл, р<0,001. При этом у пациентов, не получавших гипотензивные препараты, увеличивался уровень sLIr - (5800 (1470 pg/ml)) по сравнению с больными на фоне гипотензивной терапии (4100 (1380) пг/мл, р<0,001) и условно здоровыми (3800 (1100) пг/мл, р<0,001). При уровне sLIF-R выше 4800 пг/мл обнаруживали связь с увеличением содержания в сыворотке iNOS, NT-proBNP, ADMA, SDMA, (r = 0,5-0,8, р<0,05-0,001) и уменьшением уровня eNOS (r = -0,56-0,86, р<0,05-0,001), что соответствует прогрессированию заболевания. Корреляции между LIF и указанными вазоактивными веществами выявлено не было, что дает основание предполагать, что sLIFr вызывает собственные патогенетические эффекты помимо антагонистической активности по отношению к LIF.

Aim. To study levels of serum LIF and sLIF-R and their correlations with hemodynamic parameters (heart rate, systolic BP, diastolic BP, pulse pressure, central BP, mean BP, stroke volume, total peripheral resistance, and pulse wave velocity) and vasoactive substances (AT II, ET-1, NO, ADMA, SDMA, eNOS, iNOS, NT-proСNP, and NT-proBNP) in patients with stage II essential arterial hypertension (EAH). Methods. Serum levels of LIF and sLIF-R/gp190 were measured using ELISA in 180 patients with stage II ЕAН. Results: Patients with EAH II (with or without antihypertensive therapy) had higher serum levels of LIF (7.54 (2.8) pg/ml and 7.5 (2.1) pg/ml, respectively) compared to healthy individuals (1.25 (0.5) pg/ml), р<0.001. Patients not receiving a therapy had higher serum levels of sLIF-R (5800 (1470 pg/ml) than patients receiving antihypertensive drugs (4100 (1380) pg/ml, р<0.001) and healthy individual (3800 (1100) pg/ml, р<0.001). In patients with EAH, sLIF-R levels higher than 4800 pg/ml correlated with increases in iNOS, NT-proBNP, ADMA, and SDMA (r = 0.5-0.8, р<0.05-0.001) and decreases in eNOS (r = -0.56-0.86, р<0.05-0.001), which corresponded to disease progression. LIF did not show any significant correlations with these vasoactive substances, which suggested that sLIF-R exerted its own pathogenetic effects besides antagonizing LIF. Generally, this trend was typical for patients with EAH (II stage) without antihypertensive therapy.
Cellular microfluidic technologies for biomodeling of pathological processes
Authors: Мыльникова А.Н. , Колесов Д.В. , Московцев А.А. , Соколовская А.А. , Юркив В.А. , Кубатиев А.А.
Published: December 2020

Стремительный технический прогресс способствует появлению все новых подходов в клеточной биологии, одним из них является клеточная микрофлюидика. Применение технологий микрофлюидики открыло новые возможности по культивированию, прецизионному анализу и манипулированию как популяциями клеток, так и отдельными клетками. Основой новой технологии является микрофлюидный чип - миниатюрное устройство, содержащее систему микро- и наноканалов, полостей, мембран и других элементов. Возможность прецизионного управления пространственным расположением клеток и их микроокружением предоставляет уникальные и беспрецедентные возможности для биомоделирования in vitro фунциональных элементов органов и тканей. В данном обзоре приведены примеры построения и применения таких трехмерных микрофлюидных клеточных моделей для анализа протекающих в них физиологических и патологических процессов. Особое внимание уделено влиянию клеточного микроокружения клетки на её функционирование.

Significant technological progress has brought new approaches to cell biology. Using microfluidic technologies has opened new opportunities for cultivation, analysis, and manipulation of both individual cells and their populations. The basis of the new technology is a microfluidic chip, a miniature device containing a system of micro- and nanochannels, cavities, membranes, and other elements. The precise control of spatial arrangement of cells and their microenvironment opens new prospects for in vitro biomodeling of functional elements of organs and tissues. This review shows examples for construction and application of such three-dimensional microfluidic cellular models for analysis of physiological and pathological processes. Particular attention is paid to the influence of cellular microenvironment on cell functioning.
Documentação linguística das zonas raianas de Portugal e Espanha: o projeto Frontespo, com análise do caso da Beira Baixa / Extremadura espanhola
Authors: Brissos Fernando
Published: December 2020

This paper takes on two main objectives. The first is to present and depict the project Frontespo – Frontera hispano-portuguesa: documentación lingüística y bibliográfica [Spanish-Portuguese frontier: linguistic and bibliographic documentation], which aims at producing a comprehensive linguistic documentation of the frontier area between Portugal and Spain. The second objective is to study the stressed vowel systems of a specific border area located in the central interior part of Portugal, which, despite not having been subject to a detailed depiction up to this day, is decisive in understanding the constitution of Portuguese central-southern dialects as a whole, as recent studies have shown. The results are clear in (i) allowing for the description of the area’s vowel systems and (ii) improving our view on the history of central-southern Portuguese. This study therefore exemplifies the type of linguistic approach that a project like Frontespo allows for and, more importantly, the need for new, comprehensive language documentation projects in Portugal.
Relativas cortadoras: mover e cortar? Ou cortar antes de mover?
Authors: Espírito Santo Ana
Published: December 2020

With this article, we aim at providing an answer to two main theoretical questions: what is the syntactic derivation of European Portuguese P-chopping relative clauses? And what is the nature of the phonetically and semantically null element that integrates them? We also attempt to identify constants that allow us to predict other lexical contexts for the occurrence of P-chopping relative clauses other than the ones already described in the literature. We support our conclusions with the data collected in an acceptability judgment task that included 76 native speakers. Our proposal is a derivation for P-chopping relative clauses similar to the existing one for direct object relative clauses, assuming that the null element that integrates them has the properties of a variable.
Nasalização regressiva heterossilábica (NRH) da vogal /a/ acentuada em PE
Authors: Lao Shanyi , Rodrigues Celeste , Brissos Fernando
Published: December 2020

According to the autosegmental model adopted by Mateus & Andrade (2000), the nasal vowel in Portuguese, in words such as cinco, lã and campo, is a phonetic form derived from a phonological oral vowel plus a nasal autosegment N in the same syllable. However, we can also notice the nasalization in words such as cãma, cẽna and cũnha in Portuguese, although not often in the standard language. This phenomenon is an heterosyllabic regressive nasalization (NRH), in which the nasal consonant of the onset nasalizes the previous vowel. In Brazilian Portuguese, there are more studies related to NRH than in European Portuguese and most of them treat it as a phonetic phenomenon (Câmara Jr., 1970; Battisti, 1997; Botelho, 2007). Moraes & Wetzels (1992) find NRH more frequently in the stressed syllable and with the palatal consonant /ɲ/, but its frequency varies in different dialects. Therefore, this paper aims to analyze the variation of NRH in Mainland Portugal and the phonological processes that go together with it, focusing particularly on the structure /a/[+ac] .C[+nas] (/m/, /n/, /ɲ/). We collected occurrences that contain the target structure from the corpus Linguistic-Ethnographic Atlas of Portugal and Galicia and our analysis is based on the phonetic transcriptions performed by CLUL dialectologists. By calculating the percentage of NRH in each locality and making dialectal maps, the results show that: i) NRH can be found almost throughout the entire territory; ii) it has a greater frequency in Northwest (mainly with the consonant /ɲ/), Beira Baixa, Alentejo, and Algarve; iii) multiple phenomena transform the phonological segments into different phonetic shapes; iv) in a diachronic analysis, the changing path of /a/ in Portuguese in this structure is: [a] → [ã] → [ɐ̃]→ [ɐ], which shows that the elevation of /a/ follows the NRH. Dialects, then, choose between one of these phonetic variants.
Efeitos de dominância linguística e de tempo de exposição formal à língua na produção de pronomes clíticos por crianças bilingues português/francês
Authors: Tomaz Margarida , Lobo Maria , Madeira Ana , Soares-Jesel Carla , Vaz Stéphanie
Published: December 2020

This study investigates the effects of two external linguistic variables – language dominance and time of formal exposure – on the production and placement of clitic pronouns of Portuguese-French bilingual children. Using two elicited production tasks and a parental sociolinguistic questionnaire, we show that language dominance plays a role in rates of omission and rates of clitic production. On the other hand, a higher time of formal exposure to Portuguese does not determine better performance neither in what concerns clitic omission nor clitic placement in Portuguese-French bilingual children.
Das razões da indignação o insulto como estratégia política no debate parlamentar
Authors: Viola Isabel Gonçalves
Published: December 2020

This paper aims to verify how impoliteness is co-constructed in interactions within an institutional context, more specifically in the communicative situation of parliamentary debate, of an agonal nature. It is intended, therefore, to analyse the procedures that fall within the discourse register of verbal violence and in the category of insult. On the other hand, there is the purpose to study the role of emotions, namely the expression of indignation in argumentation, through the analysis of rhetorical and argumentative procedures in excerpts of controversial interactions of the political discourse subgenre in parliamentary debate, between 2009 and 2012. This analysis is part of the discourse analysis framework, particularly in the analysis of the parliamentary discourse (Ilie, 2010; Marques, 2008), specifically with regard to the “unparliamentarily language” (Ilie, 2004), and integrates theoretical contributions of the argumentation in the discourse (Amossy 2016 [2000], 2014; Plantin 2011), with particular emphasis on the emotionalization of the arguments (Micheli, 2013, 2014). This analysis will also include a number of concepts reformulated by Kerbrat-Orecchioni (1992, 1996), which concern face-work (Goffman, 1974) and face threatening acts (FTAs - Face Threatening Acts), as well as the concept of impoliteness (Culpeper 2011). The linguistic-discursive strategies used in the construction of the dissent will be analysed from a theoretical perspective of verbal violence, according to the works of Auger et al. (2008), with particular emphasis on the offensive illocutionary acts. It appears that the purpose of verbal confrontation is not to reach consensus, but rather to express disagreement and to mark a political position. Not infrequently, however, the intention of those involved in the conflictual discourse goes beyond that of refuting a contrary thesis (and demonstrating that of your party). Instead, it aims at the disqualification and ridicule of the adversary by mobilizing aggressive and destructive verbal acts, mainly associated to an escalation of emotional tension, with the purpose of building a certain political ethos (Charaudeau 2014 [2005]).
'Ser teudo de responder' ou 'ter de responder': sobre a emergência de usos deônticos de 'ter de (que)' + INF em português
Authors: Brocardo Maria Teresa
Published: December 2020

This proposal is part of an ongoing diachronic research on ter and haver (‘have’) in Portuguese, focusing in particular on the emergence of deontic constructions with ter. In this article I analyze data retrieved from a diachronic corpus and discuss the chronology and conditioning factors of the changes involved in both the disuse of ser teudo de [have-passive Prep] INF, a construction largely attested in Portuguese past stages, and the innovation ter de [have Prep] INF. Both constructions appear to have similar deontic readings, yet the datasuggest that they are not diachronically linked, the latter appearing only in a much later period. Following the presentation of theoretical and methodological issues, the retrieved data are described and discussed, the main conclusions being that: the obsolescence of ser teudo appears to be related to morphophonological factors (probably among others); the modal construction ter de INF emerged late in Portuguese and is probably a variant of ter que INF; ter que INF, the original deontic construction, emerged by reanalysis of structures where que was originally a relative pronoun (referring the object of ter), in ambiguous contexts which favored the new interpretation of the structure as a modal construction.
Patients Preference to Clear Aligner Therapy Over Conventional Orthodontic Therapy
Authors: Harippriya Karthikeyan  , Remmiya Mary Varghese  , Visalakshi Ramanathan
Published: December 2020

Malocclusion is defined as irregularity of the teeth or a mal-relationship of the dental arches beyond the range of what is accepted as normal occlusion. Maloccluded teeth can cause psychological problems that are related to impaired dentofacial esthetics. Malocclusion may also cause serious problems related to oral health. This is a multifactorial defect caused by factors such as environment, lifestyle, health, genetics, socio-economic status etc. Clear aligners are orthodontic therapeutic options which are preferred for the correction of maloccluded teeth. The main aim of the study was to find out the awareness of the patients towards the preference of clear aligners as orthodontic treatment options. A University based setting was conducted. A sample size of hundred patients was taken for the survey. The survey was done by distributing an online questionnaire through Google forms consisting of 11 questions and circulated among the participants. The participants comprise both male and female patients. To eliminate bias, a randomized sampling method was used. The data was collected over a period of one week. All the 11 questions of the survey were close ended questions. Chi square test was applied to find the association between the parameters and the level of significance. This study shows the patients have a moderate understanding of clear aligners and their acceptance of it as an orthodontic treatment option.
Use of prodrugs in cancer therapy - A Review
Authors: Sai Keerthana M. B.  , Kavitha S  , Sangeetha S  , Vishnupriya V  , Gayathri R
Published: December 2020

A prodrug is a medicine that is primarily used after administration, that is metabolized into a pharmacologically active drug. A prodrug is generally a precursor form of a drug. A prodrug is used to selectively improve the drug that directly interacts with cells used in any form of treatment like chemotherapy. The drug, when taken separately, does not have much effect, whereas, a drug taken in after the administration of prodrug acts very effectively. Prodrugs are often used in the pharmaceutical field. Prodrug alters certain properties of prodrugs, such as physicochemical properties to enhance their efficacy and reduce their toxicity. The cancer cells are first injected with a gene that expresses an enzyme that has the ability to convert a non-toxic prodrug into its active cytotoxic form. Various applications of prodrugs include improving drug penetration through biological membranes, increasing site-specificity of a drug; it mainly improves patient's acceptance. Prodrugs stabilize the active drug and prevent drug metabolism. This review was written with an aim to highlight the important aspects of prodrugs and its use in cancer therapy.
MANTRA PENGOBATAN DAN LAMUT TATAMBA SEBAGAI MEDIA PENYEMBUHAN DALAM MASYARAKAT BANJAR (KALIMANTAN SELATAN) Medication Mantra and Lamut Tatamba as Healing Media in Banjar People (South Kalimantan)
Authors: Yulianto Agus
Published: December 2020

AbstrakTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut, 1) apa bentuk (wujud) mantra pengobatan dan lamut tatamba yang berupa tradisi tutur tunggal yang ada dalam masyarakat Banjar di Kalimantan Selatan; 2) apa yang membuat mantra pengobatan dan lamut tatamba masih menjadi media alternatif; 3) apa sajakah penyakit-penyakit yang menjadi objek penyembuhan bagi mantra pengobatan dan lamut tatamba; dan 4) apa saja media yang digunakan dalam lamut tatamba untuk menyembuhkan sebuah penyakit. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik studi pustaka. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dapat diketahui bahwa bentuk mantra pengobatan terdiri atas mantra sempurna dan tidak sempurna. Corak mantra pengobatan terdiri atas pantun, ungkapan, dan syair penyakit-penyakit yang dapat disembuhkan oleh mantra pengobatan dan lamut tatamba antara lain penyakit mag, penyakit perut, sakit kepala, mata, dan lain-lain.Kata kunci: Mantra, lamut, pengobatan tradisional, tradisi lisanAbstractThe objectives of this study are as follows. 1) to find out the forms of medication mantra and medication lamut (lamut tatamba) which is a single speech tradition in the Banjar people in South Kalimantan; 2) to find out the reason why medication mantra and medication lamut are still an alternative healing medium for diseases; 3) what diseases are the objects of healing for medication mantra and medication lamut (lamut tatamba); and 4) to find out what media are used in medication lamut (lamut tatamba) to heal diseases. This research uses descriptive qualitative method with library techniques. The results of the analysis show that healing mantras consist of perfect and imperfect mantras. The style of healing mantras consists of rhymes, phrases and rhymes the mantra and lamut tatamba can heal several diseases such as heartburn, stomach ache, headaches, eyes, and others.Keywords: Mantra, lamut, medication tradtinionally, oral traditionTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut, 1) apa bentuk (wujud) mantra pengobatan dan lamut tatamba yang berupa tradisi tutur tunggal yang ada dalam masyarakat Banjar di Kalimantan Selatan; 2) apa yang membuat mantra pengobatan dan lamut tatamba masih menjadi media alternatif; 3) apa sajakah penyakit-penyakit yang menjadi objek penyembuhan bagi mantra pengobatan dan lamut tatamba; dan 4) apa saja media yang digunakan dalam lamut tatamba untuk menyembuhkan sebuah penyakit. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik studi pustaka. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dapat diketahui bahwa bentuk mantra pengobatan terdiri atas mantra sempurna dan tidak sempurna. Corak mantra pengobatan terdiri atas pantun, ungkapan, dan syair penyakit-penyakit yang dapat disembuhkan oleh mantra pengobatan dan lamut tatamba antara lain penyakit mag, penyakit perut, sakit kepala, mata, dan lain-lain. Kata kunci: Mantra, lamut, pengobatan tradisional, tradisi lisan
STRUKTUR SEMANTIS VERBA PSIKOLOGI BAHASA MANDAILING
Authors: Daulay Pengabdi , Mulyadi Mulyadi
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini mendeskripsikan struktur semantis predikat mental BM pada subkategori verba sebagai subjek pengalam dan verba sebagai objek pengalam. Adapun yang melatar belakangi penulisan ini mengingat bahwa predikat mental atau verba psikologi termasuk verba yang memiliki pemetaan komponen semantis yang sangat rumit dan membutuhkan strategi yang tepat untuk menghindari kekeliruan dalam membatasi makna butir leksikal yang dianalisis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Data penelitian berupa verba mental yang bersumber dari Bahasa Mandailing (BM). Kemudian data dianalisis dengan menggunakan teknik prafrase untuk mengidentifikasi butir-butir leksikal yang secara intuitif termasuk predikat mental. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa makna verba kognisi ‘malamun’ dan ‘mangangankon dibentuk dari MEMIKIRKAN berpolisemi MENGATAKAN dan MEMIKIRKAN berpolisemi TERJADI, makna verba pengetahuan ‘mamboto’ dan ‘ingot’ dibentuk dari MENGETAHUI berpolisemi MENGATAKAN, makna verba emosi ‘mabiar’ dan ‘manyolop’ dibentuk dari MERASAKAN berpolisemi MEMIKIRKAN, makna verba persepsi ‘manyirik’ dan ‘manatap’ dibentuk dari MELIHAT berpolisemi MERASAKAN, MELIHAT berpolisemi MENGATAKAN.
MENYUSURI JEJAK SYAIR DI BARUS: KAJIAN ANTROPOLOGIS
Authors: Nurelide Nurelide
Published: December 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengungkap keberadaan syair Hamzah Fansuri, yang namanya menggegerkan dunia Islam melalui syair-syair sufistiknya.  Kapur barus  tidak dapat dipisahkan dari kota kecil di Pantai Barat Pulau Sumatera yang menjadi tempat asalnya, yaitu Barus yang memiliki nama lain Fansur. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif, karena tujuannya mengungkap keberadaan syair Hamzah Fansuri. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa syair Hamzah Fansuri pernah berkembang sekitar abad ke-XVI hingga ke-XVII, hampir sama terkenalnya dengan kisah kapur barus. Syair hamzah Fansuri sarat dengan ajaran lebih mendekatkan diri kepada Sang Khalik namun, keberlangsungan ajarannya sulit untuk meyakinkan orang. masyarakat Tapanuli Tengah yang mempunyai karakter sangat terbuka dengan pendatang. Sehingga banyak penduduknya dari luar, menyebabkan akutulrasi budaya hingga muncul syair baru yang berkembang hingga sekarang yaitu syair sikambang. Bergeser sedikit ke arah Barat kecamatan Manduamas berbatasan langsung dengan Kabupaten Pakpak Bharat ditemukan juga syair (odong-odong) yang dilantunkan oleh laki-laki yang sedang berada di tengah hutan.
Kata Berfrekuensi Tinggi dalam Pembelajaran BIPA Pemula
Authors: Siagian Esra Nelvi
Published: December 2020

Vocabulary plays an important role in foreign language learning, but teachers are often confused about what vocabulary should be taught or targeted so that learners can communicate well according to their level. This study aims to produce a list of the most frequently used vocabulary, knows as High Frequency Words-HFW, in Beginner Indonesian as Foreign Language (ILF) level. The results of this research will be great used for IFL students, teachers, writers, and observers, as well as parties related to IFL. The use of HFW in foreign language learning is proven to have positive effects, such as increasing learning motivation, increasing self-confidence to produce one's own sentences, helping to understand texts, and using repeated words that will make the vocabulary familiar to learners. This qualitative research used corpus of BIPA books for the beginner level based on the level one and two IFL Competency Standards according to the regulation of education ministry Number 27 of 2017 then processed using the AntCont application. The results showed that 1) HFW for IFL is different from Indonesian HFW in general; 2) the form of word classes taught varies; and 3) limited of affix used.  AbstrakKosakata memegang peranan penting dalam pembelajaran bahasa asing, tetapi pengajar sering bingung menentukan kosakata apa saja yang harus diajarkan atau dijadikan target agar pemelajar dapat berkomunikasi dengan baik sesuai dengan tingkatannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan daftar kosakata yang paling sering digunakan, High Frequency Words-HFW, pada pembelajaran BIPA pemula. Hasil penelitian ini akan sangat bermanfaat bagi para pemelajar, pengajar, penulis, dan pengamat BIPA, serta pihak-pihak yang berkaitan dengan kebipaan. Pemanfaatan HFW dalam pembelajaran bahasa asing terbukti memberi efek positif, seperti meningkatkan motivasi belajar, meningkatkan rasa percaya diri untuk memproduksi kalimat sendiri, membantu memahami teks, dan pemanfaatan kata berulang-ulang akan membuat kosakata tersebut familiar bagi pemelajar. Penelitian kualitatif ini menggunakan korpus data buku-buku BIPA untuk level pemula dengan berbasis Standar Kompetensi Lulusan BIPA level satu dan dua sesuai Permendikbud Nomor 27 Tahun 2017 kemudian diolah menggunakan aplikasi AntCont. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1) HFW bahasa Indonesia untuk pemelajar BIPA berbeda dengan HFW bahasa Indonesia secara umum; 2) bentuk kelas kata yang diajarkan bervariasi; dan 3) bentuk imbuhan yang digunakan terbatas
Referential Choice in the Written Narratives of Indonesian Adults
Authors: Sukamto Katharina E.
Published: December 2020

This study aims to describe the referential choice of two protagonist animate characters in a silent six-minute film entitled The Pear Story (Chafe, 1980). A total of 80 undergraduate and graduate Indonesian students were asked to watch the film and then retell the story by writing a narrative about the film in Indonesian. Findings indicate that when the protagonist animate referents are mentioned for the first time, a classifier seorang ‘a person’ is always used before the NP. When they are reactivated, they are mostly expressed by zero, pronouns dia or ia ‘he’, clitic –nya ‘his’ or ‘him’, NPs with determiners ini ‘this’, itu ‘that’, tersebut ‘aforementioned’, tadi ‘mentioned before’, NPs with relative clauses and NPs with definite articles si or sang ‘the’ which are often used in fables or tales. This study also demonstrates that the choice of anaphoric expressions of the protagonists is determined by factors such as referential distance and referential interference. This study confirms other cross-linguistic studies about referential choice – that there is a correlation between salience and referring expressions in discourse. AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan penggunaan acuan untuk dua tokoh utama dalam film bisu berdurasi enam menit yang berjudul The Pear Story (Chafe, 1980). Sebanyak 80 mahasiswa Indonesia tingkat Strata 1 dan Pascasarjana di sebuah universitas swasta diminta untuk menonton film tersebut dan kemudian menuliskan narasi mengenai film itu dalam bahasa Indonesia. Data menunjukkan bahwa jika referen kedua tokoh utama tersebut disebutkan untuk pertama kalinya, bentuk leksikal seorang selalu muncul sebelum frasa nomina (FN). Jika referennya diaktifkan kembali, maka yang digunakan adalah zero, pronomina dia atau ia, klitik –nya, FN + ini/itu/tersebut/tadi, FN + klausa relatif, dan si/sang + FN. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa pilihan bentuk anaforik untuk kedua tokoh utama itu ditentukan oleh faktor jarak antara referen dan anteseden dan juga oleh adanya interferensi referen. Hasil penelitian ini sejalan dengan penelitian lintas bahasa mengenai pilihan acuan, yaitu bahwa ada korelasi antara referen utama dan bentuk acuannya.
Poetic Function of Truck Container Signs in Indonesia
Authors: Wijana I Dewa Putu
Published: December 2020

In the pursuit of life comfort, human beings will never stop to do various ways with everything close to their surrounding, and language as the primary means of communication is one of tools used to realize this purpose. For the sake of fulfilling, their aesthetic need, human beings often exploit their linguistic ability to produce aesthetic discourses. This paper will try to analyse the poetic functions truck container signs passed over roads in Indonesia. In order to create aesthetic signs, the creators massively exploit various types of rhyming formulas, metaphors, similes, contradictions, hyperboles, literary style diction.    AbstrakDalam upaya menemukan kenyamanan hidupnya, manusia tidak akan pernah berhenti melakukan berbagai hal terhadap segala sesuatu yang dekat dengan lingkungan hidupnya, termasuk terhadap bahasa yang merupakan alat komunikasi verbal yang paling utama. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan estetis ini, mereka sering memanfaatkan kemampuan berbahasanya untuk memproduksi wacana-wacana yang estetis. Makalah ini akan berusaha menganalisis fungsi poetik wacana tulisan di bak-bak truk yang melintas di jalan raya seluruh Indonesia. Dalam usaha menciptakan wacana yang estetis, para penciptanya secara masif memanfaatkan formula-formula berirama, metafora, simile, kontradiksi, hiperbola, kata-kata ragam sastra.
FEMINIST DISCOURSE ANALYSIS ON KOMPAS.COM NEWS: ATLET SENAM SEA GAMES DIPULANGKAN KARENA TAK PERAWAN
Authors: Lestari Dian , Triyono Sulis
Published: December 2020

This study aims to describe the representation in the case of a woman in the discourse of SEA GAMES gymnastics athlete who was sent back home because of a virginity issue that was published by Kompas.com on the 29th of  November, 2019. The discourse is a hot topic because it raises the pros and cons. Besides social context, this study also describes the structure of the text consisting of macrostructure, superstructure, and microstructure. The research approach uses critical discourse analysis by Van Dijk. The results of this study indicate that the news text has a main topic, namely the violation againts feminist values. The superstructure of the news text consists of an introduction, main text, and concluding part. Kompas.com through the micro structure chooses to use various diction in delivering news. In addition to diverse diction, the text is also built with cohesion and coherence to unify the meaning of discourse. The social context built by Kompas.com in this discourse, especially in representing womanis the persecution of women (gender bias) and professional violations of a person.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memaparkan representasi perempuan dalam wacana atlet senam SEA GAMES dipulangkan karena tidak perawan yangdiberitakan pada Kompas.com pada 29 November 2019. Wacana tersebut merupakan wacana yang sedang hangat diperbincangkan karena menimbulkan pro dan kontra di kalangan masyarakat. Selain konteks sosial, penelitian ini juga mendeskripsikan struktur teks berita yang terdiri atas struktur makro, superstruktur, dan struktur mikro. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan analisis wacana kritis model Van Dijk. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa teks berita mempunyai topik utama, yakni pelanggaran nilai-nilai feminisme. Selanjutnya, superstruktur teks berita terdiri atas pendahuluan, inti teks, dan penutupan berita. Kompas.com melalui struktur mikro memilih untuk menggunakan berbagai macam diksi dalam menyampaikan berita. Selain diksi yang beragam, teks dibangun dengan piranti kohesi dan koherensi untuk menyatukan makna wacana. Konteks sosial yang dibangun Kompas.comterutama dalam merepresentasikan perempuan pada wacana tersebut adalah adanya penindasan terhadap perempuan (bias gender) serta pelanggaran profesionalitas suatu oknum.
TUTURAN PENOLAKAN OLEH PENUTUR BAHASA KOMERING DI PULAU GEMANTUNG, OGAN KOMERING ILIR
Authors: Mukhamdanah NFN , Inayatusshalihah NFN
Published: December 2020

Refusal is the form of speech act that has the most potential threat to the face, both the listeners and speakers. In communication, if the rules that apply to society are not obeyed, it will have an impact. This study explains how the speech acts taken by Komering speakers in Ogan Komering Ilir, South Sumatra when rejecting children's requests. By involving several parents who already have children, the data is collected through questionnaires and open-ended data. The data are classified and analyzed based on the form and pattern of refusal speech realization. Determination of the form and speech realization is done by using the basic technique in the form of a deciding element, namely classifying the elements that determine the form and pattern of speech realization used by respondents in rejecting requests. The form of speech here is related to sentence construction, i.e. declarative, interrogative or imperative, while the realization is related to various forms of refusal speech used by the speakers. As a result, although it has relative power and a higher level of imposition compared to speech partners, the use of hedges to soften the power of refusal continues. Parents tend to use speech acts that employ greetings and apologies also give reasons for rejection and alternatives. Values for respecting speech partners with relative power and lower levels of imposition are still transmitted by people to their children.Tindak tutur penolakan merupakan bentuk tindak tutur yang paling berpotensi mengancam muka, baik petutur maupun penutur. Dalam sebuah komunikasi, jika aturan-aturan yang berlaku pada masyarakat tidak dipatuhi, maka akan menimbulkan dampak. Kajian ini menjelaskan bagaimana bentuk tindak tutur yang dilakukan penutur bahasa Komering di Ogan Komering Ilir, Sumatera Selatan ketika menolak permintaan anak. Dengan melibatkan beberapa orang tua yang telah memiliki anak, data dijaring melalui kuesioner dan pertanyaan terbuka. Data diklasifikasikan dan  dianalisis  berdasarkan bentuk dan pola realisasi tuturan penolakan. Penentuan bentuk dan realisasi tuturan menggunakan teknik dasar berupa pilah unsur penentu, yakni mengklasifikasi unsur yang menentukan bentuk dan pola realisasi tuturan yang digunakan responden dalam menolak permintaan. Bentuk tuturan di sini berkaitan dengan konstruksi kalimat, deklaratif, interogatif, atau imperatif, sedangkan realisasi berkaitan dengan berbagai wujud tuturan penolakan yang digunakan oleh penutur. Hasilnya, meskipun mempunyai kekuasaan relatif dan tingkat imposisi yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan mitra tutur, penggunaan pagar (hedge) untuk memperlunak daya penolakan tetap dilakukan. Orang tua cenderung menggunakan bentuk tindak tutur yang menggunakan kata sapaan, permintaan maaf, memberikan alasan penolakan dan alternatif pengganti. Nilai-nilai untuk menghargai mitra tutur dengan kekuasaan relatif dan tingkat imposisi yang lebih rendah tetap ditransmisikan oleh orang tua ke anak-anaknya.
Pythagorean neutrosophic subring of a ring
Authors: R Jansi , K Mohana
Published: December 2020

In this paper, we study some of the properties of Pythagorean neutrosophic subring of a ring and prove some results on these.Using some basic definitions,we derive the some important theorems.Intersection is applied into the Pythagorean neutrosophic subring of a ring.
A study on continuous inspection of markov processs with a clearance interval
Authors: P Govindarajan , R Jayaraman
Published: December 2020

Dodge’s continuous sampling plan-1 (CSP-1) with clearance interval zero may be inefficient if there is serial correlation between successive units which are Markov dependent and a clearance interval greater than zero is appropriate. For such a situation, the average outgoing quality limit (AOQL) expression has been obtained and, when the serial correlation coefficient of the Markov chain is assumed to be known a priori, it is numerically demonstrated that smaller AOQL values are achieved numerically for values of the clearance interval from 1 to 4, by improving the performance of CSP-1.
Pairwise fuzzy D-baire spaces
Authors: G Thangaraj , S Sethuraman
Published: December 2020

In this paper we introduce the concept of D-Baire bitopological spaces and several properties are investigated.
A study on entropy as funtional variant of mean deviation
Authors: Hussainy Syed Tahir , P Murugesan
Published: December 2020

Under the given probability distribution and known expectation of a random variable, the functional variants of a particular type of weighted deviation have been maximized and many well known entropies in the existing literature have been obtained as functional variants of the mean deviation in Euclidean normed space.
An approach for encryption and decryption using matrix theory
Authors: V Swathy , V Balaji
Published: December 2020

In this paper, a method for encryption and decryption have been discussed using matrix theory and we have illustrated an example for this method.
Higher order – l alpha difference equations
Authors: G Dominic Babu , D Rejin Rose
Published: December 2020

In this paper, we present some basic definitions and preliminary results –l alpha difference operator and inverse. We derive the sum of infinite –l alpha series and infinite –l alpha multi-series formulae by equating summation and closed form of the generalized higher order –l alpha difference equation.
Panorama sobre a monitoria acadêmica no Brasil: um estado da arte
Authors: Oliveira Juliane De , Vosgerau Dilmeire Sant Anna Ramos
Published: December 2020

A monitoria é uma prática discente prevista pela legislação educacional brasileira, entendida como uma proposta criada para facilitar o entendimento dos conteúdos a serem ministrados nas disciplinas da graduação. Este artigo apresenta um panorama das pesquisas empreendidas em teses e dissertações acerca da monitoria acadêmica no Brasil. Para tanto, realizou-se uma pesquisa qualitativa do tipo estado da arte. A busca foi realizada em 2019 na Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD) com o descritor “monitoria”, por meio da qual 11 documentos foram selecionados. Apesar da escassez de trabalhos, os resultados descritos nos documentos selecionados indicam que os benefícios da monitoria acadêmica se fazem presentes tanto para o estudante monitorado quanto para o monitor, pois promovem a socialização e a construção do conhecimento e, consequentemente, novas aprendizagens para ambos. Além disso, a monitoria acadêmica revela-se como uma ação importante para a formação docente. Esses benefícios são reconhecidos na maioria dos estudos apresentados nesta pesquisa; porém, quando observada pelo viés da gestão, encontram-se pontos que necessitam de aprimoramento: falta a gestão da informação e do conhecimento, burocratização dos processos, falta de formação do estudante-monitor, entre outros. A escassez de trabalhos indica a necessidade de ampliação de estudos sobre essa temática.
Política de remuneração de professores e as recomendações da Organização para Cooperação e Desenvolvimento Econômico (OCDE)
Authors: Ramos Carlos Vinícius , Moreira Jani Alves da Silva
Published: December 2020

O texto tem como objetivo analisar as recomendações da Organização para Cooperação e Desenvolvimento Econômico (OCDE), no que se refere às políticas de remuneração de professores. Trata-se do resultado de uma pesquisa qualitativa e de análise documental que compreendeu o processo de construção da política, a partir da influência da OCDE e suas recomendações, a fim de estabelecer um cotejamento com as atuais políticas para a remuneração de professores no Brasil. Os resultados evidenciaram que as recomendações da OCDE atribuem ao professor uma imagem corporativista, de maneira que propõem para a carreira docente políticas pautadas no desempenho, na meritocracia e nas bonificações. Aadoção de mecanismos de mercado na política para a remuneração de professores ancora-se na corrente pedagógica da Pedagogia das Competências, a qual defende que o ensino deve se pautar na resolução de problemas práticos e na focalização dos resultados.
Análise do conteúdo “animais peçonhentos” nos livros didáticos de Ciências Naturais
Authors: Conceição Deisiane Da Silva Souza , Braga Jacqueline Ramos Machado , Protázio Arielson Dos Santos
Published: December 2020

o estudo buscou analisar o conteúdo “animais peçonhentos” nos livros didáticos (LD) de Ciências Naturais dos anos finais do Ensino Fundamental (EF), aprovados pelo Programa Nacional do Livro Didático Brasileiro (PNLD) 2017. Foram analisadas treze coleções com cinquenta e dois livros do 6º ao 9º ano. Utilizou-se a Análise de Conteúdo através de cinco categorias de análise: organização do conteúdo conceitual; biologia dos animais peçonhentos; esquema de ilustração; acidentes e primeiros socorros; e atividades propostas. Realizou-se uma Análise de Componentes Principais (PCA) para avaliar a variação dos parâmetros. Nas coleções analisadas, o tema foi abordado em apenas um livro de cada coleção, todos do 7° ano do EF. Na maior parte dos livros analisados (77%), a abordagem do tema se apresentou de forma superficial, fragmentada, descontextualizada e trazendo erros conceituais. Muitas das ilustrações não estavam corretamente relacionadas, os exercícios eram meramente mnemônicos, e as atividades complementares não instigavam a curiosidade e a criatividade. Dos treze livros analisados, apenas dois (15,38%) utilizaram maior rigor científico na descrição do tema. Assim, é preciso refletir sobre a importância da escolha criteriosa do LD pelos professores da Educação Básica, considerando que alguns dos LD analisados ainda são adotados e, frequentemente, utilizados como única fonte de informação no chão da escola.
Towards a framework for certification of reliable autonomous systems
Authors: Fisher Michael , Mascardi Viviana , Rozier Kristin Yvonne , Schlingloff Bernd-Holger , Winikoff Michael , Yorke-Smith Neil
Published: December 2020

AbstractA computational system is called autonomous if it is able to make its own decisions, or take its own actions, without human supervision or control. The capability and spread of such systems have reached the point where they are beginning to touch much of everyday life. However, regulators grapple with how to deal with autonomous systems, for example how could we certify an Unmanned Aerial System for autonomous use in civilian airspace? We here analyse what is needed in order to provide verified reliable behaviour of an autonomous system, analyse what can be done as the state-of-the-art in automated verification, and propose a roadmap towards developing regulatory guidelines, including articulating challenges to researchers, to engineers, and to regulators. Case studies in seven distinct domains illustrate the article.
СОЦИАЛЬНО-ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ В ФИНАНСОВО-КРЕДИТНЫХ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯХ
Authors: Зяблицкая Наталья Викторовна , Дудник Светлана Николаевна , Ларина Татьяна Анатольевна , Громова Ирина Михайловна
Published: December 2020

Цель работы. Цель статьи состоит в исследовании социально-психологических детерминант повышения продаж банковских продуктов и услуг. Метод или методология проведения работы. В работе использованы общенаучные методы – анализ, синтез и сравнение. Результаты. Выявлены социально-психологические факторы управления поведением клиентов коммерческого банка. Определено, что сложившиеся условия требуют от банков принятия мер, направленных на усиление связи с клиентами и поддержания их лояльности с помощью различных методов и инструментов маркетинга. Успешные взаимоотношения с клиентами поколения Y позволят банкам в будущем лучше понять потребности других представителей миллениалов – поколения Z (самым старшим из них сегодня 18 лет), особенность которых заключается в том, что «высокие технологии у них в крови» с самого момента рождения. Область применения результатов. Результаты проведенного исследования могут быть использованы коммерческими банками при формировании политики взаимодействия с клиентами и продвижению продуктов. Выводы. Выделены маркетинговые стратегии, которые могли бы отвечать запросам миллениалов – клиентов финансовых компаний.
КОНЦЕПЦИИ РЕАБИЛИТАЦИИ ИНВАЛИДОВ В ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ УСЛОВИЯХ ПОСТПАНДЕМИИ
Authors: Григорьев Денис Валерьевич
Published: December 2020

Цель работы. В статье рассматриваются концепции реабилитации инвалидов, вовлечения их в жизнь общества посредством труда в условиях пандемии. Метод или методология проведения работы. Проведен анализ занятости и трудоустройства инвалидов в России, учтен эпидемиологический фактор. Результаты. Отражена проблематика занятости и трудоустройства инвалидов в хозяйствующих субъектах в условиях постпандемии: 1) Упор и общее переформатирование рабочих мест в российских компаниях на удаленную занятость даст больше возможностей инвалидам проявить себя на рынке труда. 2) Компании в период пандемии приобретают ценный опыт удаленного взаимодействия со своими сотрудниками, который, вероятно, будет использоваться после снятия ограничений. Значительная часть работы позволяет использовать компьютер, видеосвязь, мессенджеры. И потенциал здесь огромный. 3) Рост значимости информационных технологий существенно повышает шансы инвалида в конкурентной борьбе за высокооплачиваемое рабочее место. 4) Стирание грани между здоровыми и маломобильными работниками. Отсутствие нервных переживаний из-за пути на работу – будь то дорожный трафик или давка в общественном транспорте. Область применения результатов. Результаты проведенного исследования могут быть применены на предприятиях различных форм собственности, использованы центрами занятости населения. Выводы. Делается вывод, что обеспечение занятости инвалидов в экономических условиях постпандемии обеспечит снятие значительной финансовой нагрузки на бюджет государства и позволит выполнить социальные обязательства в соответствии с Конституцией РФ.