bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modern Methodological Approaches to Sample Preparation for the Determination of Trace Elements in Food Products and Plant Raw Materials
Authors: Fedorova NE , Egorova MV , Rodionov AS
Published: September 2021

Introduction. Various copper compounds are most widely used as plant protection agents in agriculture. From a hygienic point of view, information on excessive accumulation of copper in plants related to the use of a specific formulation of copper-containing pesticides is of interest.
Our objective was to assess feasibility of increasing statistical significance of results of determining low residue levels of a copper-containing pesticide in apple samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry using a high-resolution spectrometer in combination with developed approaches to sample preparation of plant-based foods, including homogenization with dry ice and microwave mineralization.
Materials and methods: We analyzed 30 samples of apples collected in three different agro-climatic zones by flame atomic absorption spectrometry and electrothermal atomization atomic absorption spectrometry. Both methods were validated on 10 samples with added copper at levels 1-5 of the lower limit of quantitation. A statistical calculation was performed based on a simple Student’s test to assess the significance of differences between the results of measurements by flame and electrothermal techniques. Homogeneity of variances was estimated using the Fisher test to clarify the possibility of comparing two data sets.
Results: The use of a technique of cryo-grinding and microwave decomposition in a microwave reactor in combination with a high-resolution continuum source atomic absorption spectrometry demonstrated a decrease in scattering and the limit of detection and better repeatability in the analysis of parallel samples. Results of statistical calculations confirmed the homogeneity of variances in data samples obtained for electrothermal and flame techniques, and the further Student’s t-test showed insignificant differences between the results of measurements obtained by FAAS and ET-AAS.
Conclusion: Our findings prove that modern methods of sample preparation in combination with highly sensitive equipment allow a significant reduction in the limit of detection and scattering of test results.
Reducing Effects of Anti-Epidemic (Quarantine) Measures during
the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Incidence and Spread of Airborne
Infectious Diseases (Based on the Example of Varicella)
Authors: Lavrik EP , Kravchenko AG , Trukhina GM , Gerasimova АА , Vysotin SA , Vysotina AT
Published: September 2021

Background. The coronavirus pandemic, also known as the COVID-19 pandemic, introduced significant changes in vital activities of the population and spread of airborne infectious diseases, the study of which enables ranking of preventive measures. The objective of our study was to assess the degree of influence of the lockdown and social distancing imposed in the Krasnodar Krai in 2020 due to the pandemic on the incidence of airborne communicable diseases based on the example of varicella.
Materials and methods. We conducted a retrospective analysis of a 10-year incidence of varicella in the population of the Tuapse district, Krasnodar Krai using monthly and annual data on the incidence of infectious and parasitic diseases (Form No. 2) in the Tuapse district for 2011–2020 and the “Population Incidence” software, version 5, by applying standard techniques and methods of studying the epidemic process.
Results. Stringent restrictive measures taken in the country in 2020 in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic caused a significant decrease (by 741 %) in the incidence of chickenpox among the population of the Tuapse district compared to the long-term average rate. In April – May and July – September 2020, varicella incidence rates were 30.98 and 7.75 per 100 thousand population or 7.4 and 18.8 times lower than the long-term average, respectively. The majority of chickenpox cases in the Tuapse district (as in the country as a whole) were pediatric – 94.02 % (RF – 94.3 %), with children aged 3 to 6 years making up 61 % of the total.
Conclusion. The lockdown and social distancing imposed during the COVID-19 pandemic has a significant reducing effect on the incidence of airborne infectious diseases in the population in the absence of effective vaccination.
ONTOLOGY MERGING USING PROTÉGÉ – A CASE STUDY
Authors: Abdul Salam Zailan Arabee , Abdul Kadir Rabiah , Azman Azreen
Published: September 2021

The exponential growth of data and the boom of online businesses necessitates the need for data to be machine-readable, as humans are no longer able to manually manage the vast amounts of data. Ontologies can define concepts and relations that are amenable to processing by machines. Ontologies are created in silos and pockets of domains, and the need to merge these resources is key to universal access to multi-domain knowledge. Merging of ontologies has been explored to an extent over the last two decades, and this paper explores the extent of the tools and techniques available with a case study of merging two ontologies which are publicly available, the Person ontology and Institutional ontology, using the latest tools available on the most popular ontology editor, Protégé. It is found that automated merging tools have not been improved much over the last two decades, and the most current merging tools provided combine the two ontologies into one but do not unite or merge any of the classes or axioms which are equivalent. This can be seen in the axiom count, which does not decrease in the merged ontology, showing that no similar classes or actual axioms were merged. Protégé plugins which used to provide the semi-automatic mapping of similar classes to assist the merging process were found to be no longer available, and manual mapping by the knowledge engineer was required. This supports further research in automated ontology merging techniques.
THE SUCCESS OF ENTERPRISE SYSTEM PROJECTS: FROM A KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Hussien Jamal , Abdulgabber Mansoor Abdullateef , Kahtan Hasan , Sulaiman Riza
Published: September 2021

We have certainly already arrived in a knowledge-based world economy, where knowledge transfer is a crucial factor in global business competition. In the era of knowledge-based management, the way we use knowledge determines the success or failure of business systems. This paper revises the project phases of enterprise systems (ES), which have been divided into three phases (pre-implementation, during implementation, and post-implementation), by expanding the relationship between the Knowledge Transfer (KT) and Project Management Process Groups (PMPG) in each phase to improve the success of ES by increasing the understanding of knowledge in each ES phase. The pre-implementation phase has two phases: Project Origination with (3) PMPG (Develop Project Proposal, Evaluate Project Proposals, and Select Projects), (8) tasks, (8) deliverables, and (3) roles. Project Initiation phase, with (3) PMPG (Initiate the Project, Approve the Project Charter, and Conduct Kick-off Meeting), (7) tasks, (7) deliverables, and (4) roles. In the implementation phase of the project ES there are two phases: Project Planning with (3) PMPG (Prepare the Project Planning, Perform the Planning Activities - Detail the Project Plan, and Confirm Approval to Proceed), (19) Tasks, (21) Deliverables, and (7) Roles. Project implementation and control with (3) PMPG (Launch Project, Management Project-Execution and control, and Gain Project Acceptance), (17) tasks, (17) deliverables, and (7) roles. Additionally, in the post-implementation phase, there are a phase called project closure with (2) PMPG (Perform, Initiate Project Follow-up, and Administrative Closure), (5) tasks, (6) deliverables, and (5) roles.
A FRAMEWORK FOR DESIGNING AN AUGMENTED REALITY APPLICATION FOCUSING ON OBJECT FUNCTION FOR CHILDREN WITH AUTISM
Authors: Abdul Hakim Intan Nadiah , Mohamad Ummul Hanan , Ahmad Azlina
Published: September 2021

Augmented Reality (AR) is the evolution of the concept of Virtual Reality (VR). Its goal is to enhance a person's perception of the surrounding world. Augmented reality techniques are often applied to facilitate understanding and create attractive educational and health tools. As such, augmented reality is deemed suitable to be implemented as one of the potential intervention methods as the treatment of autism in a fun environment. Hence, this study is aimed to develop a conceptual framework to design augmented reality applications based on object function to help in the communication of children with autism. The study framework will be developed based on vision-based object recognition. Object recognition has been used in many applications, especially in bio-imaging, industrial inspection, and robotic vision. The findings of this study will benefit autistic children in visual communication and indirectly help them to effectively link objects with their functions. This framework will then help designers to develop augmented reality applications suited to be an intervention tool that fits the need of autistic children.
EBASKET ECC Blended Authentication and Session Key Establishment Technique for IoT
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University Visvesvaraya College of Engineering, Bengaluru, India,, Padmashree M G , Arunalatha J S ,   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University Visvesvaraya College of Engineering, Bengaluru, India,, Venugopal K R ,   Vice-Chancellor, Bangalore University, Bengaluru, India
Published: September 2021

Security is a prerequisite of each device that provides physical access to anyone and is logically expose to communication network attacks. The Internet of Things (IoT) must assure energy-saving provision due to the unique characteristics of IoT devices that comprise cost-effective, low power, and data delivery capacity. A Key-based Authentication scheme is a need without creating a bottleneck of communication for security in IoT integration. Security solutions viz., Authentication, Access control, and Key management are essential for the protection of communication in IoT applications. Public Key Cryptography (PKC) encapsulates multiple security functionalities and applications in conventional networks. The proposed Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) Blended Authentication and Session Key Establishment Technique (EBASKET), an enhanced HPAKE scheme secures the IoT device interactions using Hash and Public Key Cryptography conjoined with a Stochastic Number. EBASKET authenticates and establishes Session Key for communicating IoT Devices using ECC that enhances the security resisting Key Disclosure, Man-in-The-Middle (MiTM), Relay threats. It incorporates an Elliptic Curve of 256 bits to achieve the 128 bits security level. EBASKET accomplishes Key Establishment utilizes Nonce as the Fragmentary Key after authenticating the intercommunicating Devices. It decreases the overall delay incurred reducing the communication overhead minimizing the quantity and magnitude of the messages exchange for Authentication. A secure Key Establishment for the Session uses a Stochastic, Hashing function, and ECC. The interactions throughout the Predeploying, Authenticating, and Key Establishing process cause a delay. The performance graph depicts that Key Establishment and authenticating the IoT devices using ECC and reducing communicational cost enhance security than Enhanced, Hybrid, and Lightweight Authentication Schemes.
Metode Komunikasi yang Ideal dalam Pendidikan Keluarga Menurut Al-Qur'an
Authors: Sarnoto Ahmad Zain
Published: September 2021

[THE IDEAL METHOD OF COMMUNICATION IN FAMILY EDUCATION ACCORDING TO THE QUR'AN]. The ability tocommunicate in a family is very necessary because communication barriers in the family will affect the harmonization of the relationship between husband, wife, and children. Al-Qur'an as the holy book of Muslims not only contains the rules of procedure in worship but also contains elements of communication education in the family. The purpose of this study is to discuss the ideal method of communication in family education according to the Quran. The method used in this study is a qualitative method with an analytical approach, the data sources are obtained from literature in the books, journals, and other libraries. The findings of this study indicate that there are several forms of communication described in the Qur'an related to the communication method, namely the method of qaulan baliigha, qaulan maisuura, qaulan layyina, qaulan ma'rufa, qaulan kariima and qaulan sadiida, these communication terms provide a signal about how to good communication, in the context of family education, effective communication is part of the cultivation of moral and religious education, it can even influence social attitudes in the form of honesty, discipline, politeness, and other good behavior. The conclusion in this study is to avoid conflict in the family, an effective communication method is needed, and the Qur'an has given a signal how to build ideal communication in the family
EDUKASI KEBUTUHAN KALORI DENGAN METODE CAKRAM IMT TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR GULA DARAH PADA PASIEN DM TIPE 2
Authors: Oktavianisya Nelyta , Aliftitah Sugesti
Published: September 2021

Tatalaksana penyakit diabetes terdiri atas empat macam yaitu, edukasi, Medical Nutrition Theraphy, latihan jasmani, dan intervensi farmakologis. Edukasi kebutuhan kalori merupakan dasar utama dalam pengendalian kadar gula darah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh edukasi kebutuhan kalori dengan metode cakram IMT terhadap penurunan KGD pada pasien Tipe 2 di UPT Puskesmas Pandian. Quasy-experiment adalah rancangan yang dipakai, dengan pendekatan pretest-posttest control group design. Penelitian ini melibatkan 40 responden terbagi kelompok kontrol dan kelompok perlakuan masing-masing sebanyak 20 reponden. Pengambilan sampel dengan teknik purposive sampling. Variabel bebas yaitu edukasi kebutuhan kalori dan variable terikat kadar gula darah. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah Glucotest. Analisis data menggunakan uji T. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata kadar gula darah setelah dilakukan intervensi (post) terdapat penurunan sebesar 25,75 mg/dL. Rata-rata kadar gula darah pada kelompok kontrol setelah dilakukan intervensi terdapat penurunan sebesar 0,3 mg/dL. Hasil analisis data menggunakan uji Independent Sample T Test, posttest-posttestkadar gula darah pada kelompok perlakuan dan kelompok kontrol diperoleh ρValue=0,000 (α=0,05). Karena ρValue
A Versatile Simulation-Assisted Layered Mesh Analysis for Generalized Litz Wire Performance
Authors: Salk Noah , Cooke Chathan
Published: September 2021

This paper introduces a semi-analytical method of predicting AC loss in commercial Litz wires. Simple finite-element simulations are used to compute the resultant proximity fields in a coil system of arbitrary geometry. The approach addresses non-ideal Litz wire construction by applying a surrogate skin effect model to inform and distribute the current over the cross-section into segmented layers. This simplifies the finite-element problem into a two-dimensional, DC simulation with a low number of mesh elements. Analytical solutions are then used to compute frequency-dependent loss due to skin and proximity effect. The method is demonstrated using two 14 AWG equivalent Litz wires with very different constructions and is validated with experimental results from several coil configurations. Finally, an appeal is made to commercial Litz wire manufacturers to provide an empirical "fabrication factor" specification that would allow consumers to predict the performance of a conductor in their application.
n-bit Data Parallel Spin Wave Logic Gate
Authors: Mahmoud Abdulqader , Vanderveken Frederic , Ciubotaru Florin , Adelmann Christoph , Cotofana Sorin , Hamdioui Said
Published: September 2021

Due to their very nature, Spin Waves (SWs) created in the same waveguide, but with different frequencies, can coexist while selectively interacting with their own species only. The absence of inter-frequency interferences isolates input data sets encoded in SWs with different frequencies and creates the premises for simultaneous data parallel SW based processing without hardware replication or delay overhead. In this paper we leverage this SW property by introducing a novel computation paradigm, which allows for the parallel processing of n-bit input data vectors on the same basic SW based logic gate. Subsequently, to demonstrate the proposed concept, we present 8-bit parallel 3-input Majority gate implementation and validate it by means of Object Oriented MicroMagnetic Framework (OOMMF) simulations. To evaluate the potential benefit of our proposal we compare the 8-bit data parallel gate with equivalent scalar SW gate based implementation. Our evaluation indicates that 8-bit data 3-input Majority gate implementation requires 4.16x less area than the scalar SW gate based equivalent counterpart while preserving the same delay and energy consumption figures.
Fan-out enabled spin wave majority gate
Authors: Mahmoud Abdulqader , Vanderveken Frederic , Adelmann Christoph , Ciubotaru Florin , Hamdioui Said , Cotofana Sorin
Published: September 2021

By its very nature, Spin Wave (SW) interference provides intrinsic support for Majority logic function evaluation. Due to this and the fact that the 3-input Majority (MAJ3) gate and the Inverter constitute a universal Boolean logic gate set, different MAJ3 gate implementations have been proposed. However, they cannot be directly utilized for the construction of larger SW logic circuits as they lack a key cascading mechanism, i.e., fan-out capability. In this paper, we introduce a novel ladder-shaped SW MAJ3 gate design able to provide a maximum fan-out of 2 (FO2). The proper gate functionality is validated by means of micromagnetic simulations, which also demonstrate that the amplitude mismatch between the two outputs is negligible proving that an FO2 is properly achieved. Additionally, we evaluate the gate area and compare it with SW state-of-the-art and 15nm CMOS counterparts working under the same conditions. Our results indicate that the proposed structure requires 12x less area than the 15 nm CMOS MAJ3 gate and that at the gate level the fan-out capability results in 16% area savings, when compared with the state-of-the-art SW majority gate counterparts.
Firefly. Aesthetics of transition
Authors: Ferrario Giovanni
Published: September 2021

This essay starts with the assumption that philosophical practice is defined as an exercise of linguistic clarification. Whether in oral or written form, philosophy stems from the need to explicate and objectify the logós, formulating concepts. In the particular case of artistic practice, on the other hand, the signifier is more visible than the signified and the impermanence of objectivity is more clearly shown. In art, language is thus open to multiplicity and inexpressibility and the word is no longer logically or syntactically objectified. The truth which develops within art is not universal but the embodiment of an engaging and embryonic form. Art is the place where truth is in motion, a form of resistance, an all-embracing, unifying experience intimately close to world- changing practices.
The defied spirit. Subjective stupidity and objective intelligence
Authors: Valagussa Francesco
Published: September 2021

The present article analyses the different forms of stupidity as they are presented in the two renowned lectures held by Musil in 1937, in particular by trying to connect them to some passages from The Man Without Qualities. Stupidity cannot be reduced to a simple “inability to understand”. It becomes the symptom of a wider crisis involving the whole European tradition: a crisis of trust in human nature that ends up compromising every possible overall vision about culture and life. Valéry arrived to a similar outcome in his The Crisis of The Mind. Significantly, both Musil and Valéry attempted to explain this kind of crisis through the analogy with economic processes: by combining their theses, and taking into account some passages of Simmel’s Philosophy of Money, we could say that money has concentrated intelligence and trust within itself, reducing individuals to a condition of stupidity and mutual distrust.
To Brecht and Back. Notes on Clement Greenberg’s Avant-Garde and Kitsch
Authors: Froio Camilla
Published: September 2021

Clement Greenberg’s international reputation is partly due to the success of one of his first and most perceptive essays, Avant-Garde and Kitsch, published in the Fall 1939 issue of “Partisan Review”. Despite its unsurpassed importance, the article still requires a broader comprehension of its origins: according to Greenberg’s personal papers, the essay’s main concepts began to take form during the Winter 1939, when the author was involved in the drafting of a new essay on Bertolt Brecht, still unpublished today, at that time submitted to the “Partisan Review”’s editorial board but rejected. A second document enables to trace back Avant-Garde and Kitsch’s roots even further: according to a letter by Greenberg, one of the editors, Dwight Macdonald, plagiarized the rejected script as his last essay, Soviet Society and Its Cinema, clearly seemed to prove. The varied topics articulated in the letter, as well as in the draft on Brecht, would be at the basis of Avant-Garde and Kitsch, becoming crucial and early components of the editorial process of the well-known essay.
Distance: Closeness/Remoteness in Kim Boske’s Photographs
Authors: Sakse Liga
Published: September 2021

The work Moving Flowers #1 by the internationally known Dutch artist Kim Boske (born in 1978) was published in the first cover series HOU VOL (“Keep Faith”) of the periodical Het Parool on 30 May 2020. Following the aim of the newspaper to help cope with the disastrous consequences of COVID-19, the artist focused on how our perceptions had changed during the pandemic. If previously the content (or what is being represented) was the element that dominated in photography, then during the pandemic, the representational harmony of the content was replaced by the structural features or the way how something is being represented. The article aims to reflect on the artworks created by Boske in 2020 and to show the circulation of ideas contained in them, and with this case study to highlight more general trends in the recent art photography.
Vaccine Selfie. The double face of self-representation in Covid-19 era
Authors: Sabatino Anna Chiara
Published: September 2021

If at its beginnings the Selfie was interpreted as an expression of the narcissism of contemporary culture, at the time of Covid-19 not only does it become the ordinary mask of the show performed on the stage of social networks, but it acquires the power to act on the social body. The Selfie, therefore, can be characterized as an iconic two-faced act with contradictory and ambiguous intentions and outcomes. The contribution examines the case of the Vaccine Selfie, in this particularly emblematic sense.
Coronation
Authors: Deguy Michel
Published: September 2021

The lyric "Coronation" of Michel Deguy and its translation by Fabio Scotto
Foreword
Authors: Mecacci Andrea , Zingaro Vincenzo , Fimiani Filippo
Published: September 2021

Foreword
Fungal pathogens associated with black foot of grapevine in China
Authors: YE Qingtong , ZHANG Wei , JIA Jingyi , LI Xinghong , ZHOU Yueyan , HAN Changping , WU Xuehong , YAN Jiye
Published: September 2021

Grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs) are the most destructive diseases in grape-growing regions worldwide. Black foot is one of the important GTDs affecting young vineyards and nurseries. This disease has not been reported in China. During 2017 and 2019, field surveys were carried out in the Guangxi, Hebei, Ningxia, Shanxi, and Xinjiang provinces of China. Incidence of plants with black foot symptoms was 0.1% to 1% in the surveyed vineyards. Plant samples with poorly developed shoots and canes, chlorotic leaves, and necrotic trunks or roots were collected from the five provinces. In total, 50 fungal isolates were obtained from symptomatic tissues. Based on morphological and multi-gene phylogenetic analyses, five species were identified as Cylindrocladiella lageniformis, Dactylonectria torresensis, D. macrodidyma, D. alcacerensis and Neonectria sp.1. Pathogenicity was assessed using young, healthy detached green shoots of grapevine ‘Summer Black’ and potted 3-month-old ‘Summer Black’ cuttings. Inoculated detached shoots developed necroses after 7 d, and inoculated cuttings after 80 d. Fungi were re-isolated from necrotic lesions. Among the five species, D. macrodidyma was the most aggressive. This is the first report of C. lageniformis, D. torresensis, D. macrodidyma, D. alcacerensis, and Neonectria sp. 1 associated with black foot in China. This study has enhanced knowledge of the fungi associated with black foot in China, and will assist development of control measures for this disease.
First report of Didymosphaeria rubi-ulmifolii associated with canker and dieback of apple trees in southern Ethiopia
Authors: YIRGU Abraham , GEZAHGNE Alemu , ALEMU Tesfaye , HAVENGA Minette , MOSTERT Lizel
Published: September 2021

Cultivation of apple trees in the highlands of Ethiopia began in 1955. In 2014, blistering of the bark due to cankers on the main stems mostly below the grafting points, followed by dieback and eventually death of apple trees, was observed in apple orchards in the Hadiya Zone in Ethiopia. This study aimed to identify the causal agent of canker and dieback symptoms on the apple trees. Symptomatic trunks from 20 trees (ten per cultivar) were sampled. Isolations were performed from ten trunks (five per cultivar). Fungus colonies with similar cultural features were obtained from all the samples, and the morphology of a representative isolate was characterized. Phylogenetic analyses of the concatenated internal transcribed spacers 1 and 2 and 5.8S rRNA gene, large subunit and actin gene regions confirmed the identity of two isolates as Didymosphaeria rubi-ulmifolii. Pathogenicity was confirmed for one isolate by inoculations of healthy branches of ‘Anna’ and ‘Dorsett Golden’ apple trees resulting in lesion formation, and subsequent re-isolation of the inoculated fungus. This study is the first report of D. rubi-ulmifolii associated with dieback of apple trees. This pathogen caused death of more than 26% of apple trees in one commercial orchard, and could cause severe losses for smallholder apple growers in Ethiopia. Future studies are required to assess the magnitude, distribution and management options of this economically important canker disease in Ethiopia.
Ceratocystis ficicola causing a serious disease of Ficus carica in Greece
Authors: TSOPELAS Panaghiotis , SOULIOTI Nikoleta , WINGFIIELD Michael J. , BARNES Irene , MARINCOWITZ Seonju , TJAMOS Eleftherios C. , PAPLOMATAS Epaminondas J.
Published: September 2021

Ceratocystis ficicola causes vascular wilt of fig trees in Japan, invading root systems and the main stems eventually leading to tree death. In surveys from 2018 to 2020 in fig orchards in Greece, this fungus was detected in two separated regions. The fungus was consistently isolated from infected wood and from rhizosphere soil. The isolates were identified based on multi-locus phylogenetic analyses of rpb2, bt1 and tef1 gene regions and detailed morphological characteristics, including comparisons with an ex-type isolate of C. ficicola from Japan. The pathogenicity of Greek isolates was proven on Ficus carica and F. benjamina plants. Ceratocystis ficicola is a soil-borne pathogen, and the occurrence of vascular wilt outbreaks suggest that the pathogen spreads within and between orchards with infested soil and wood debris during ploughing. The pathogen is also spreading in Greece with infected propagation material. This is the first detailed report of C. ficicola outside Japan, and there is concern over potential spread of the pathogen to other Mediterranean countries, where approx. 70% of the world fig production occurs.
Development of paradigms for the diagnosis of "covert cognition" and cognitive motor dissociation in patients with chronic disorders of consciousness
Authors: Cherkasova Anastasiia N. , Yatsko Kseniia A. , Kovyazina Maria S. , Varako Nataliya A. , Krotenkova Marina V. , Kremneva Elena I. , Broutian Amayak G. , Ryabinkina Yulia V. , Belkin Andrey A. , Belkin Vladimir A. , Suponeva Natalia A. , Piradov Michael А.
Published: September 2021

The detection of signs of consciousness in patients with chronic disorders of consciousness is a complex clinical task. In recent decades, instrumental methods have been used to improve the accuracy of diagnostics. The phenomenon of covert cognition and cognitive motor dissociation have been demonstrated in a small proportion of patients in studies using instrumental methods in combination with different paradigms. This article describes the main features of the diagnostic paradigms used for such purposes. Currently, the development of its own complex of paradigms is held at the Research Center of Neurology collaboratively with group of neuropsychologists from Lomonosov Moscow State University. The general characteristics of this complex of paradigms are indicated. The practical significance of detecting the phenomenon of covert cognition and cognitive motor dissociation in patients with chronic disorders of consciousness is discussed.
SILICOTHERMIC REDUCTION OF THANHHOA DOLOMITE: THERMODYNAMIC AND EXPERIMENTAL
Authors: Duong Ngoc Binh , Vu Quyen , Vu Trang , Doan Cuong , Tran Huy
Published: September 2021

Thermodynamic and experimental studies was carried out on the process of Thanhhoa dolomite reduction to produce magnesium. Thermodynamically studied on the effect of pressure and temperature on reduction was carried out together with verification experiment. Results show that at appropriate temperature and vacuum pressure, Thanhhoa dolomite can be reduced using ferrosilicon as the reductant. The higher level of vacuum, the lower temperature required for reduction. Thermodynamic calculation pointed out that at a vacuum pressure of 600 Pa, the reduction temperature could be as low as 1140 °C. Experiment results indicated that at although reduction could be done at 1150 °C, the process efficiency was low, generally below 20%. Process efficiency enhanced as temperature increase and reaches the highest value of 85,8% at 1250 °C (25 wt.% ferrosilicon). The amount of ferrosilicon used also has influenced the process efficiency. After three hours of reduction, the obtained magnesium was very high in purity, 99.3%.
ASSESSING OF MALNUTRITION IN PATIENTS WITH CANCER BY USING PATIENT-GENERATED SUBJECTIVE GLOBAL ASSESSMENT SHORT FORM (PG-SGA-SF)
Authors: Maha Almatary  , Fatma Ghait  , Hajer Mohammed  , Ali Ateia Elmabsout
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Cancer-related malnutrition has negative consequences are taken too lightly in most oncology wards. The objective of this study is to determine the malnutrition risk (MR)/malnutrition (MN) in cancer patients using PG-SGA short form.
Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted with cancer patients in oncology unit at Benghazi medical center on 229 patients in which 107 male and 122 female. The data collected through PG-SGA short form and analyzed by either frequencies or by suing Chi-square for significant differences.
Results and discussion: The study enrolled 229 oncology patients. The mean age was 58.34 ± 11.60 years. One hundred and twenty tow (53.7.3%) of the patients were female. The most common three tumor types were breast tumors (27.9%) followed by colorectal cancer (14%) whereas, almost similar report for lung, liver and upper GIT (10.9%). (11.4%) and (11.8%) respectively . The mean BMI of the patients was 26.17 ± 0.3 kg/m2. According to PG-SGA short form of the patients were in moderate risk of nutritional status and overall score of PG-SGA short form was 18. 34± 0.56. Furthermore the prevalence of cancer in this study was significant high in male (P< 0.05)
Conclusion: In cancer patients, the risk of malnutrition is significantly high, and this may alter the patient’s life quality and expectancy. Therefore, the nutritional status of the patient that is diagnosed with cancer should be assessed in early stages of the disease.
KEYWORDS: malnutrition, cancer, PG-SGA Nutrition Assessments
APPLICATION OF AGRICULTURAL LOAN IN MUSLIM COMMUNITY: A STUDY BASED ON KEKIRAWA DIVISIONAL SECRETARIAT OF ANURADHAPURA IN SRI LANKA
Authors: Mohamed Haniffa Mohamed Nairoos  , RM. Risly  , Uthuman Kandu Mohammed Muhees
Published: September 2021

Agriculture plays most important role in Sri Lankan economy like some other developing nations in South Asia such as India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Nepal and Bhutan. In this way, the agricultural farming sector is identified as a key tool for the economic development in Sri Lanka and it helps to effectively utilize the invaluable resources of the country such as green lands and appropriate climate as it should be and to significantly boost the wealth of the country as well. Furthermore, as it helps to expand the level of GDP, the Interest rates as well as the inflation rates are mostly estimated at present depending on the level of agricultural cultivation sector in the country. It is noteworthy to point out at this occasion that as Sri Lanka is mainly an agricultural nation the most people are involving in individual and joint venture farming activities. At the same time, it is also very important to mention here that most people who involve in agricultural cultivation reach the banks and financial institution for the purpose of getting loans to meet their agricultural financial needs. In this context, this research aims to identify the loan systems which are implemented in agricultural sector among the Muslim community, especially among Muslim farmers who are living in Kekirawa divisional secretariat in Anuradhapura district. The research would be extremely significance due to there is no sufficient previous studies find concerning with agricultural loan systems among Muslim community in particular research area in Sri Lanka. This research is designed as mixed method with the inclusion of qualitative and quantitative data which collected in term of finding the correct solutions and providing appropriate recommendations. The findings of the research reveals that the farmers who live in Kekirawa divisional secretariat of Anuradhapura do not depend and connect with banks or other financial institutions to get any advances, but they use to fulfil their needs of capital for farming from money lenders, shopkeepers, friends relatives and NGOs. Therefore, the system should be introduced under the Islamic banks and financial institutions to promote the Shariah compliance products and interest free loan systems not only for Muslim farmers but also to all citizens who wish to involve in agricultural cultivations. Moreover, NGOs and shopkeepers who provide agricultural credit services should be adapted in accordance with the Islamic Shariah compliance.
KEY WORDS: Agriculture, Loan Systems, Farmers, Kekirawa. Shariah Compliance, Islamic Banks
Small-signal analysis and control implementation of boost converter fed PMDC motor for electric vehicle applications
Authors:   Electrical Engineering Department, College of Technological Studies, Public Authority for Applied Education and Training, Kuwait, Alajmi Bader N. , Ahmed Nabil A. ,   Electrical Engineering Department, College of Technological Studies, Public Authority for Applied Education and Training, Kuwait, Al-Othman A. K. ,   Electrical Engineering Department, College of Technological Studies, Public Authority for Applied Education and Training, Kuwait
Published: September 2021

Small-signal analysis of boost converter fed permanent magnet DC (PMDC) motor for electric vehicle applications is performed, and hardware implementation is realized in this paper. Extensive analysis is performed to identify the relevant steady-state and dynamic features of the proposed system with small-signal linearization, and relevant transfer functions are formulated. The nonlinear equations of the system are derived and then linearized around a stable operating point to construct a small-signal model. Transfer functions relating the control of the converter to the motor speed and control to input current are derived symbolically using computerized symbolic algebra in MathCAD. The control-to-output transfer functions are obtained by introducing perturbation in state variables, equating AC and DC quantities and proceeding with AC quantities. The principle of operation, operation modes, small-signal analysis, experimental verification, and the effectiveness of the speed control are discussed and presented. An experimental prototype is implemented using dSPACE DS1103-based digital signal processor, and the proposed model is used for online parameter tuning of the speed controller. The speed control dynamics and transient response are investigated under sudden load changes. The overall system performance is evaluated and verified experimentally based on a speed feedback control scheme for validation purposes.
Design, characterization, and performance analysis of Miscanthus fiber reinforced composite for brake application
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Bisha, Saudi Arabia, KCHAOU Mohamed , KUS Recai ,   Mechanical Engineering Dept., Technology Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey, SINGARAVELU D. Lenin ,   Department of Production Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli-620015, Tamil Nadu, India, HARAN S. Mano ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Surya Engineering College Mettukadai, Erode-638017 - India *Corresponding
Published: September 2021

This study deals with the development of new friction materials by incorporating Miscanthus fiber (5, 10, and 15 weight %, noted Mat1, Mat2, and Mat3, respectively). The friction materials were tested for their physical, mechanical, and microstructural properties as per international standard. The performance analysis was carried out using Chase friction test rig. Results revealed that the biomass is beneficial with good fade, wear resistance, and recovery characteristics, with the same trend of other natural fibers. Therefore, this natural ingredient proved to be useful in the development of brake friction material.
End effector position calculation with the ANN for tapping machine
Authors:   Kayseri University, Junior Technical College, Mechanical and Metal Technologies Department, Kayseri, 38000, TURKEY, Akkas Gullu , Korkut Ihsan ,   Gazi University, Faculty of Technology Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Ankara, 06500, TURKEY, Ozkan Murat Tolga ,   Gazi University, Faculty of Technology Department of Industrial Design Engineering, Ankara, 06500, TURKEY *Corresponding
Published: September 2021

Nowadays, manufacturers give importance to the production of machines that allow for faster production, reduce labor costs, and minimize operation errors to meet the increasing demand. The search for such machines leads the manufacturing sector to automation. In this study, an automation-supported tapping machine prototype was manufactured. Kinematic equations were used for determining the location of the end effector in Cartesian space, whereas inverse kinematic equations were used for angular positions in joint space relative to positions in Cartesian space. Based on the results of the kinematic equations, the data obtained in certain positions were taught to the system through ANN. The position values for the angles known through the artificial intelligence algorithm were taught to the system. Then, the position coordinates to be reached by this manipulator, which has four degrees of freedom, for the intermediate position coordinate values through artificial neural networks (ANN) have been obtained. It is expected that the device controlled by artificial intelligence will not be affected by the variables in parameter or force changes requiring high working performance. With the control of the positions through ANN, it has been ensured that the position control of the tapping robot manipulator is predicted based on artificial intelligence techniques depending on the angle values of the limbs, and the robot is prevented from going to a position that is on a different trajectory. Accordingly, the robot arm has been made controllable with ANN techniques. With ANN modelling, the position of the end point to perform the tapping process was estimated with high reliability. For future research, a rough simulation was made to see whether the end point would go to a different position in space.
A new passive islanding detection technique for different zones in utility grid
Authors:   Electrical Department, Egyptian Academy for Engineering and Advanced Technology (EAE & AT), affiliated to the Ministry of Military Production, Egypt, Elshrief Yasser Ahmed , Asham A. D. ,   Electrical Department, Egyptian Academy for Engineering and Advanced Technology (EAE & AT), affiliated to the Ministry of Military Production, Egypt, Abozalam Belal Ahmed ,   Industrial Electronics and Control Engineering Department, Menofia University, Egypt, Abd-Elhaleem Sameh ,   Industrial Electronics and Control Engineering Department, Menofia University, Egypt
Published: September 2021

Distributed generation (DG) has reformed the meaning of traditional generation of power from large-scale to small-scale generation. The main issue of connecting the DG to the utility grid is the detection of unintended islanding. This paper shows the impact of the islanding phenomenon in the case of grid-connected photovoltaic arrays and how to develop a convenient technique to detect this phenomenon. A passive islanding detection algorithm is proposed for all types of DGs by varying and analyzing the DC-link voltage for voltage source converter in the photovoltaic inverter. The proposed algorithm is applied on the low and medium voltage scales. Furthermore, a comparison for applying the proposed technique with resistance load on the two scales is presented. In addition, the proposed technique for anti-islanding protection is performed and compared with a lot of techniques such as underfrequency, overfrequency, and rate of change of frequency according to the detection time of islanding. The simulation results using MATLAB/ SIMULINK platform illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Review of social science research on the impact of countermeasures against influence operations
Authors: Courchesne Laura , Ilhardt Julia , Shapiro Jacob N.
Published: September 2021

Despite ongoing discussion of the need for increased regulation and oversight of social media, as well as debate over the extent to which the platforms themselves should be responsible for containing misinformation, there is little consensus on which interventions work to address the problem of influence operations and disinformation campaigns. To provide policymakers and scholars a baseline on academic evidence about the efficacy of countermeasures, the Empirical Studies of Conflict Project conducted a systematic review of research articles that aimed to estimate the impact of interventions that could reduce the impact of misinformation.
Problems of Elevation Points
Authors: Balatka Břetislav , Sládek Jaroslav
Published: September 2021

Some data of elevation points of geomorphologically significant hills on topographic maps of the territory of the Bohemian Upland do not agree with the highest points of these hills. Moreover, data concerning one and the same point differ in different editions of maps. The paper discusses the abovementioned discrepancies and resolves the problem of correct data of elevation points of some particular hills.
Alexander von Humboldt - Traveller, Geographer and Natural Scientist
Authors: Vitvar Tomáš
Published: September 2021

On the occasion of the 220th birth anniversary and the 130th anniversary of his death, the author evaluates the work of this prominent personality of the world science. His work influenced all advanced geographical schools. His metodical approach to geographical investigation was an essential contribution to physical geography and socio-economical geography.
THE EXPERIENCES OF ORAL CANCER PATIENTS: A NARRATIVE REVIEW
Authors: Khattak Maria Ishaq , Khan Muslim , Khattak Saad Ishaq , Khan Zohaib , Haq Zia Ul , Saddki Norkhafizah
Published: September 2021

This is a critical review of the current evidence on patients’ experiences with oral cancer. The impact on the quality of life and implications to clinical practice and research were also discussed. A comprehensive search of three databases, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar was undertaken. The search was restricted to English-language primary research papers from 2009 till 2019. The following keywords were used: mouth neoplasms, patients, experiences, oral cancer, physical, social, psychological. A total of 173 studies were retrieved using the search strategy. After removing duplicate reports and scrutinising those based on title and abstract, 68 studies were shortlisted for full text review. Three major themes emerged from the literature: (1) physical experiences of oral cancer patients, (2) psychological experiences of oral cancer patients, and (3) social experiences of oral cancer patients. Experiences of oral cancer patients are complex and subjective, and phases of physical, psychological, and social experiences of oral cancer have not been explored in detail. However, there is evidence that experiences such as pain, facial alterations, body image disturbances, anxiety, depression, social avoidance, social support, and financial implications affect patients’ quality of life. This review underlines the importance of further research to look into the type of support needed to address various experiences of oral cancer patients.
The pascoite family of minerals, including the redefinition of rakovanite
Authors: Kampf Anthony R. , Hughes John M. , Cooper Mark A. , Hawthorne Frank C. , Nash Barbara P. , Olds Travis A. , Adams Paul M. , Marty Joe
Published: September 2021

Mineral species that contain the decavanadate isopolyanion [V10O28]6–, including its protonated and mixed-valence variants, constitute the pascoite family of minerals. Within the pascoite family, the isostructural minerals pascoite and magnesiopascoite form the pascoite group and the isostructural minerals lasalite and ammoniolasalite form the lasalite group. Rakovanite, which was originally assigned the ideal formula Na3[H3V10O28]·15H2O, is redefined with the ideal formula (NH4)3Na3[V10O28]·12H2O.
The Conference «Vectors and Perspectives of the Modern Stylistics»
Authors: Брагина Н.Г.
Published: September 2021

В статье дается обзор докладов на конференции, посвященной стилистике современного русского языка. Конференция проходила в рамках первого Костомаровского форума.

The paper reviews the presentations at the conference on the stylistics of the Russian modern language. The conference was held in the Kostomarov forum.
ON THE CATEGORY OF POLITENESS IN RUSSIAN IN COMPARISON WITH SERBIAN
Authors: Шапич Ю.
Published: September 2021

В работе рассматриваются различные стратегии коммуникативной категории вежливости (КВ) в русском языке в сопоставлении с сербским. КВ рассматривается в рамках национального коммуникативного поведения, а ее важной составляющей является речевой этикет. Выделено несколько изофункциональных уровней реализации КВ в русском языке. Показаны различия русской и сербской лингвокультур, являющиеся причиной интерференции и коммуникативных неудач при усвоении русского языка в сербоязычной аудитории.

The paper presents various strategies of the communicative category of politeness (CP) in Russian in comparison with Serbian. CP is analysed within the framework of national communicative behaviour, and its important component is speech etiquette. Several isofunctional levels of implementation of СP in the Russian language are distinguished. The differences between Russian and Serbian linguistic cultures, which are the cause of interference and communicative failures in learning the Russian language in a Serbian-speaking audience, are shown.