bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BREAST CANCER SCREENING: CURRENT ACHIEVEMENTS, FUTURE PERSPECTIVES AND NEW TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Pyatnitskiy Ilya , Puchkova O. , Gombolevskiy Viktor , Nizovtsova Lyudmila , Vetsheva Natalya , Morozov Sergey
Published: November 2020

The article presents a literature review of the PubMed database and the Cochrane library, aimed at analyzing the current situation and problems in the field of breast cancer screening in the world and Russia to form an idea of the key elements in organizing an effective screening program in the Russian healthcare system, as well as the possibilities of using new technologies when organizing such programs.
RADICAL TRACHELECTOMY: A 10-YEAR EXPERIENCE OF TOMSK CANCER RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Authors: Chernyshova Alena , Kolomiets Larisa , Gyunter Viktor , Marchenko Yekaterina
Published: November 2020

The article summarizes and presents 10 years of experience in the organ-preserving treatment of invasive cervical cancer in patients of reproductive age in the amount of radical trachelectomy. The study included 68 patients with cervical cancer (T1a1NxM0 - T2aNxM0), the average age was 34.1 ± 8.4 years. Of these, 39 patients underwent radical trachelectomy with transabdominal access, 29 - with laparoscopic. During the operation, a mesh implant with a shape memory, woven into a stocking of super-elastic nickel-titanium filament with subsequent fixation with separate sutures along the perimeter, was used to form the locking apparatus of the uterus and strengthen the utero-vaginal anastomosis. It has been shown to be highly effective for providing a “locking” effect of the cervix. Of all the patients treated, 15 (22%) spontaneous pregnancies were registered, 9 after PAT and 6 after RT with laparoscopic access, of which 3 had operative delivery in terms of 29, 31 and 38 weeks. One currently has a prolongation of pregnancy (33 weeks), 2 (13.3%) had spontaneous miscarriages, the rest interrupted the pregnancy for various reasons. The onset of pregnancy was noted in patients after laparoscopic RT within a shorter period after surgery from 3 to 18 months. Menstrual dysfunction after surgery was observed in 4% and 19%, respectively. Dysfunctional uterine bleeding prevailed. The median follow-up was 69 months; 1 relapse was detected (1.4%). Overall survival rate of 100%.
METHODICAL APPROACHES TO THE ANALYSIS OF THE ACTIVITIES OF THE CANCER SERVICE ON THE BASIS OF THE FORMS OF STATE REPORTING AND THE DATABASE OF THE POPULATION CANCER REGISTER OF THE NORTHWESTERN FEDERAL DISTRICT. PART II
Authors: Merabishvili Vakhtang , Belyaev Aleksey
Published: November 2020

On the second part of the article the main attention is paid to the analysis of survival of patients with malignant tumors calculated on the base of the database of the population cancer register of the northwestern Federal district. The main criterion for assessing the state of oncological service is 1 and 5-years observed and relative survivals of patients with malignant tumors. Unfortunately, the number of cancer registers calculating survival rates of patients with malignant tumors according to international standards is limited in Russia. We present calculations of the dynamic series of the survival median. Defects of its objective assessment are revealed. Positive dynamics of 5-year observed survival of patients with malignant tumors in the Russian Federation is shown. Dynamics of 1 and 5 year survival of cancer patients is considered in pairs taking into account sex, age and stage of disease. There has been some improvement, especially among the female population. As can be seen from the data presented at the first year of observation, about 35 percent of patients die in the region, as in the most European countries.
Klinikiniai požymiai, dėl kurių sunkia obstrukcine miego apnėja sergantys ligoniai kreipiasi į gydytoją
Authors: Musteikienė Greta , Miliauskas Skaidrius , Žemaitis Marius
Published: November 2020

Obstrukcinės miego apnėjos sindromas – objektyviai nustatyti kvėpavimo sutrikimai miegant (ne mažiau kaip penki per valandą), kurie sąlygoja klinikinius požymius (dažniausiai mieguistumą) dieną ir nulemia darbingumo bei sveikatos pakitimus. Tyrimo tikslas – nustatyti ir įvertinti klinikinius požymius, dėl kurių sergantys sunkia obstrukcine miego apnėja pacientai, kreipiasi į gydytoją. Tyrimo metu atlikta visų 2004–2006 m. Kauno medicinos universiteto Pulmonologijos ir imunologijos klinikos Miego laboratorijoje tirtų pacientų, kuriems nustatyta sunki miego apnėja ir rekomenduotas gydymas nenutrūkstamo oro srauto aparatais, klinikinių ir anamnezės duomenų analizė. Išanalizuota 85 pacientų duomenys, 72 vyrų (amžius – 53,2 ± 11,6 metų) ir 13 moterų (58,6 ± 9,4 metų). Nustatyta, kad sunkia obstrukcine miego apnėja sergančių vyrų mieguistumas (pagal Epworth mieguistumo skalę) – 12,43 ± 5,9 balų buvo didesnis nei moterų (8,0 ± 4,7 balų), esant vienodam kūno masės indeksui (KMI). Pagrindiniai nusiskundimai, dėl kurių pacientai kreipėsi į gydytojus, buvo knarkimas (74,4 proc.), mieguistumas dieną (22 proc.) ir dusulys (15,9 proc.). Moterys į gydytojus kreipėsi vidutiniškai praėjus 7,0 ± 4,2 metų, o vyrai – 12,8 ± 11,04 (p < 0,05) nuo nusiskundimų pradžios. 12,2 proc. tiriamųjų teigė, kad miegant jiems visada sustoja kvėpavimas, o 4,9 proc. nežinojo, kad jiems miego metu būna kvėpavimo pauzių. 9,8 proc. pacientų manė, kad kvėpavimas miegant jiems sustoja retai, 31,7 proc. – retkarčiais, 41,5 proc. – dažnokai. Išvados. Vyrai dėl kvėpavimo sutrikimų miego metu į gydytojus kreipėsi vėliau nei moterys, nors esant vienodam KMI vyrų mie-guistumas buvo didesnis. Knarkimas – dažniausias klinikinis požymis, dėl kurio sergantieji sunkia obstrukcine miego apnėja kreipėsi į gydytojus.
Kraujo neutrofilų aktyvumas po bronchų provokacijos D. pteronyssinus alergenu sergant alergine astma ir rinitu
Authors: Lavinskienė Simona
Published: November 2020

Manoma, kad neutrofilai turi svarbios įtakos alergeno sukeliamam imuniniam atsakui sergant alerginėmis kvėpavimo ligomis. Šio tyrimo tikslas buvo įvertinti alergine astma ir rinitu sergančių asmenų kraujo neutrofilų fagocitinį aktyvumą, reaktyvių deguonies formų susidarymą (ROS) ir chemotaksį prieš bronchų provokaciją D. pteronyssinus alergenu ir po jos.
Territorial Aspects Of The Development Of Geodemographic Processes In Jizzakh Region
Authors:   Candidate Of Geographical Sciences, Jizzakh State Pedagogical Institute, Uzbekistan, Mukhamedov Odil Lapasovich , Jurakhujaev avronkhoja Daverkhoja Ugli ,   Master’s Student, Jizzakh State Pedagogical Institute, Uzbekistan, Shamuratova Oltinoy Bekmamatovna ,   Master’s Student, Jizzakh State Pedagogical Institute, Uzbekistan, Yusupov Bekzod Khamraevich ,   Master’s Student, Jizzakh State Pedagogical Institute, Uzbekistan
Published: November 2020

The article examines the absolute and relative increase in the population of the region, regional differences in births and deaths at the district level.
Enhanced detection of gaze toward an object: Sociocognitive influences on visual search
Authors: Ramamoorthy Nayantara , Jamieson Oliver , Imaan Nahiyan , Plaisted-Grant Kate , Davis Greg
Published: November 2020

Another person’s gaze direction is a rich source of social information, especially eyes gazing toward prominent or relevant objects. To guide attention to these important stimuli, visual search mechanisms may incorporate sophisticated coding of eye-gaze and its spatial relationship to other objects. Alternatively, any guidance might reflect the action of simple perceptual ‘templates’ tuned to visual features of socially relevant objects, or intrinsic salience of direct-gazing eyes for human vision. Previous findings that direct gaze (toward oneself) is prioritised over averted gaze do not distinguish between these accounts. To resolve this issue, we compared search for eyes gazing toward a prominent object versus gazing away, finding more efficient search for eyes ‘gazing toward’ the object. This effect was most clearly seen in target-present trials when gaze was task-relevant. Visual search mechanisms appear to specify gazer-object relations, a computational building-block of theory of mind.
Evaluación del efecto de la precarga de ensamble y la cantidad de hojas sobre la disipación pasiva de energía en un muelle
Authors: Rodríguez Reyes Víctor Iván , Slawomir Szwedowicz Dariusz
Published: November 2020

En este trabajo se presenta la evaluación de la influencia de las precargas de ensamble y de la cantidad de hojas en el fenómeno de disipación de energía de un muelle a través de un estudio paramétrico. El estudio consistió en estimar la cantidad de energía disipada al variar el número de hojas del muelle y la precarga, a través del uso de abrazaderas, tanto de forma numérica como experimental. Mediante ensayos de compresión se observó el comportamiento del muelle mediante una relación fuerza-desplazamiento. Se obtuvo la energía de deformación y la disipación por fricción total mediante la integración de la curva de histéresis. Se realizó un modelado numérico con el paquete comercial de elementos finitos Abaqus en estado cuasi estático. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran que las precargas influyen en la disipación de energía del muelle, incrementándose mayormente cuando éstas se implementan con un mayor número de hojas, hasta 189%. Con estos resultados es posible proponer una configuración que permite disipar la mayor cantidad de energía de forma pasiva y, en consecuencia, mejorar el amortiguamiento del vehículo en referencia al muelle comercial.
Human Rights Fundamentalism
Authors: Kovács István
Published: November 2020

It is said that human rights are universal. They will protect us from the state. Human rights must form the basis for any interaction of individuals with each other and with the states. Governments must always abide by them. Human rights are “enshrined” in international declarations, treaties, and agreements. Human rights touch all, guide all, and guard all. Or so it seems.
Istota prawa według św. Tomasza z Akwinu
Authors: Roszak Piotr , Wółkowski Jan
Published: November 2020

Artykuł przedstawia tomistyczną koncepcję prawa, jego istoty i znaczenia jako regula et mensura ludzkiego postępowania mającą prowadzić w sposób wolny do celu ustanowionego przez naturę bytów. Z tej perspektywy można zrozumieć podział na różnego rodzaju prawa (wieczne, naturalne, ludzkie) i łączące je cechy wspólne właściwe dla jego określenia. Dla Akwinaty prawo jest oparte na rozumności, promulgowane przez odpowiedzialnego za wspólnotę, a z racji tego, że dotyczy dobra wspólnego, ma charakter moralny. Norma prawna nie jest dobra po prostu dlatego, że jest legalna: odwrotnie, jest legalna, ponieważ dotyczy „dobra” właściwie pojętego. Tym samym dla stworzenia rozumnego staje się okazją do wzrastania wolności: prawo z racji ukierunkowania na spełnienie natury służy rozwojowi wolności, która nie polega na samym wyborze, ale na wyborze dobra.
Examining the Authority of Church Leaders in African Christianity
Authors: Gbekor Christian F. W.
Published: November 2020

It has been said that the missionaries came to Africa with the mindset that Africans were without culture or at best, they had an evil culture that must be completely eradicated. They rejected anything African so as to introduce the Western culture which they considered enlightened. However, whatever teaching that the then missionaries and church leaders later introduced, would have to be processed through African cultural lenses. By that, the people applied their own cultural concepts to the teachings they received. This paper examines how cultural concepts of the authority of leadership help the African Christian to situate and interpret the teachings and practices of the universal church from their own perspectives. Authority is defined and examined from the perspectives of legitimacy and functionality. The question of who has the final authority in the church is also discussed to strengthen the corporate leadership practised and offer some solutions to challenges of in-fighting within the leadership of congregations.

Keywords: authority, legitimacy, functionality, consent
The Measure Preserving Isometry Groups of Metric Measure Spaces
Authors:   Beijing Institute of Mathematical Sciences and Applications, P.R. China, Guo Yifan
Published: November 2020

Bochner's theorem says that if M is a compact Riemannian manifold with negative Ricci curvature, then the isometry group Iso(M) is finite. In this article, we show that if (X,d,m) is a compact metric measure space with synthetic negative Ricci curvature in Sturm's sense, then the measure preserving isometry group Iso(X,d,m) is finite. We also give an effective estimate on the order of the measure preserving isometry group for a compact weighted Riemannian manifold with negative Bakry-Emery Ricci curvature except for small portions.
SYSTEMATIC METHOD FOR MONITORING AND EARLY-WARNING OF GARDEN HERITAGE ONTOLOGY USED IN THE SUZHOU CLASSICAL GARDEN HERITAGE
Authors: Zhao Jie , Wen Rikun , Mei Wen
Published: November 2020

Taking garden heritage ontologies as the object, this paper explores monitoring and early-warning methods of heritage based on fuzzy cluster analysis. A monitoring and early-warning system for garden heritage ontologies is designed and consists of monitoring indexes, a monitoring program, monitoring data collection, application of an early-warning grading evaluation model and conclusion of early-warning grading. Taking the Suzhou classical garden heritage as an example, it can be concluded that the systematic method can integrate various qualitative and quantitative index values and collectively reflect the overall state of garden heritage ontologies as well as match a heritage monitoring ontology with an early warning grade by calculating the data similarity matrix, membership matrix, fuzzy similarity matrix, fuzzy equivalent matrix and cut matrix. Five kinds of heritage ontologies with a total of twenty-seven heritage monitoring indicators are applied in the model and then be matched with MATLAB software to obtain accurate early-warning results. When types of heritage ontology need to be expanded, the heritage is further refined, or the heritage is more comprehensive, this method is applicable.
Magnetohydrodynamic Simulation of Magnetic Null-point Reconnections and Coronal Dimmings during the X2.1 Flare in NOAA AR 11283
Authors: Prasad Avijeet , Dissauer Karin , Hu Qiang , Bhattacharyya R. , Veronig Astrid M. , Kumar Sanjay , Joshi Bhuwan
Published: November 2020

The magnetohydrodynamics of active region NOAA 11283 is simulated using an initial non-force-free magnetic field extrapolated from its photospheric vector magnetogram. We focus on the magnetic reconnections at a magnetic null point that participated in the X2.1 flare on 2011 September 6 around 22:21 UT (SOL2011-09-06T22:21X2.1) followed by the appearance of circular flare ribbons and coronal dimmings. The initial magnetic field from extrapolation displays a three-dimensional (3D) null topology overlying a sheared arcade. Prior to the flare, magnetic loops rise due to the initial Lorentz force, and reconnect at the 3D null, leading to expansion and loss of confined plasma that produce the observed pre-flare coronal dimmings. Further, the simulated dynamics documents the transfer of twist from the arcade to the overlying loops through reconnections, developing a flux rope. The nonparallel field lines comprising the rope and lower-lying arcades form an X-type geometry. Importantly, the simultaneous reconnections at the 3D null and the X-type geometry can explain the observed circular and parallel flare ribbons. Reconnections at the 3D null transform closed inner spine field lines into open field lines of the outer spine. The footpoints of these open field lines correspond to a ring-shaped coronal dimming region, tracing the dome. Further, the flux rope bifurcates because of these reconnections, which also results in the generation of open magnetic field lines. The plasma loss along the open field lines can potentially explain the observed coronal dimming.
Hints for Icy Pebble Migration Feeding an Oxygen-rich Chemistry in the Inner Planet-forming Region of Disks
Authors: Banzatti Andrea , Pascucci Ilaria , Bosman Arthur D. , Pinilla Paola , Salyk Colette , Herczeg Gregory J. , Pontoppidan Klaus M. , Vazquez Ivan , Watkins Andrew , Krijt Sebastiaan , Hendler Nathan , Long Feng
Published: November 2020

We present a synergic study of protoplanetary disks to investigate links between inner-disk gas molecules and the large-scale migration of solid pebbles. The sample includes 63 disks where two types of measurements are available: (1) spatially resolved disk images revealing the radial distribution of disk pebbles (millimeter to centimeter dust grains), from millimeter observations with the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array or the Submillimeter Array, and (2) infrared molecular emission spectra as observed with Spitzer. The line flux ratios of H2O with HCN, C2H2, and CO2 all anticorrelate with the dust disk radius R
dust, expanding previous results found by Najita et al. for HCN/H2O and the dust disk mass. By normalization with the dependence on accretion luminosity common to all molecules, only the H2O luminosity maintains a detectable anticorrelation with disk radius, suggesting that the strongest underlying relation is between H2O and R
dust. If R
dust is set by large-scale pebble drift, and if molecular luminosities trace the elemental budgets of inner-disk warm gas, these results can be naturally explained with scenarios where the inner disk chemistry is fed by sublimation of oxygen-rich icy pebbles migrating inward from the outer disk. Anticorrelations are also detected between all molecular luminosities and the infrared index n
13–30, which is sensitive to the presence and size of an inner-disk dust cavity. Overall, these relations suggest a physical interconnection between dust and gas evolution, both locally and across disk scales. We discuss fundamental predictions to test this interpretation and study the interplay between pebble drift, inner disk depletion, and the chemistry of planet-forming material.
Radiogenic Heating and Its Influence on Rocky Planet Dynamos and Habitability
Authors: Nimmo Francis , Primack Joel , Faber S. M. , Ramirez-Ruiz Enrico , Safarzadeh Mohammadtaher
Published: November 2020

The thermal evolution of rocky planets on geological timescales (Gyr) depends on the heat input from the long-lived radiogenic elements potassium, thorium, and uranium. Concentrations of the latter two in rocky planet mantles are likely to vary by up to an order of magnitude between different planetary systems because Th and U, like other heavy r-process elements, are produced by rare stellar processes. Here we discuss the effects of these variations on the thermal evolution of an Earth-size planet, using a 1D parameterized convection model. Assuming Th and U abundances consistent with geochemical models of the Bulk Silicate Earth based on chondritic meteorites, we find that Earth had just enough radiogenic heating to maintain a persistent dynamo. According to this model, Earth-like planets of stars with higher abundances of heavy r-process elements, indicated by the relative abundance of europium in their spectra, are likely to have lacked a dynamo for a significant fraction of their lifetimes, with potentially negative consequences for hosting a biosphere. Because the qualitative outcomes of our 1D model are strongly dependent on the treatment of viscosity, further investigations using fully 3D convection models are desirable.
Assess the knowledge of dentists regarding Hepatitis B serological profile: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Tariq Qurat-ul-Ain , Tariq Shazia , Tareen Mariam Ajmal , Uddin Iftikhar , Qiam Fahad
Published: November 2020

Introduction: The primary aim of the study was to determine the knowledge of dental practitioners regarding HBV serological markers. Second objective was to determine prevalence of occupational exposures to HBV amongst dentists.

Methodology: A questionnaire was constructed pertaining to various aspects of HBV serology; validated by an expert panel; and piloted at 49 dentists. A Cronbach-alpha value of 0.7 was attained and thus extensive survey was conducted among dentists in routine practise treating hepatitis B patients at dental teaching hospitals in Peshawar, KP. The data was analysed using SPSS v.22.

Results: A response rate of 58% (a total of 290 respondents) was attained. All respondents were vaccinated against HBV. Over 50% reported not to follow Standard precautions for every patient. Overall, 20.3% experienced HBV exposure, eight were administered PEP. Fifty-four percent of FYs; 74.5% PGTs and 71.6% of faculty dentists correctly answered: HBsAg to be the ‘serological hallmark of HBV infection’; this was the most correctly answered question. Sixty-four percent dentists failed to identify the infectious carrier phase. Over 50% of dentists in each category failed to correctly answer 5/8 of the HBV serology.

Conclusions: Over 20% reported HBV occupational exposure but zero transmissions. Majority of dentists did not have correct information on HBV serological profile which may jeopardise cross-infection control. Further education on HBV serological markers and its clinical relevance to dentistry along with stringent adherence to Standard precautions is recommended.
Increased serum antimicrobial peptide LL-37 and HBD-2 combined with 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 deficiency in infants with pertussis
Authors: Chen Sihu , Ye Wanding , Zheng Weikun , Xu Zhiwei , Chen Yiping , Jin Longteng
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Most children with serious infection diseases suffer from malnutrition. Vitamin D participates in the immune response through endogenous antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) regulation. The aim of this study is to investigate the expression of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3], AMPs [LL-37 and human β-defensin 2 (HBD-2)] in the children with pertussis.

Methodology: Serum levels of 25(OH)D3, LL-37, and HBD-2 were detected in 116 children with pertussis aged at 1–12 months (67 males and 49 females). Fifty healthy infants at similar age were employed as normal controls.

Results: The serum 25(OH)D3 levels in the children with mild (27.30 ± 5.98 ng/ml) and severe (24.40 ± 6.27 ng/ml) pertussis were significantly lower than that in the healthy group (30.16 ± 5.13 ng/ml; p <0.01). The vitamin D deficiency rates in children with mild (55.9%) and severe (78.12%) pertussis were significantly higher than that in the control group (34%; p < 0.01). The serum levels of LL-37 and HBD-2 were significantly higher in pertussis patients. Spearman rank correlation analysis did not show any correlation of 25-(OH)D3 with LL-37 or HBD-2.

Conclusions: Most children with pertussis had vitamin D deficiency accompanied by elevated serum LL-37 and HBD-2 levels. However, the average level of 25(OH)D3 at 26.50 ng/ml in the infants with pertussis may not affect the immuno-regulatory ability; thus, the infants with pertussis still maintained a higher level of AMPs (LL-37 and HBD-2) against pertussis infection.
The utility of chest X-ray vs. computed tomography in febrile neutropenia patients presenting to the emergency department
Authors: El Majzoub Imad , El Zakhem Aline , Cheaito Rola , Cheaito Mohamad Ali , Kaddoura Rima , Alkozah Maria , Zgheib Hady
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Pulmonary infections are not uncommon in patients with febrile neutropenia. Physicians have agreed to perform a chest X-ray (CXR) for all febrile neutropenic patients presenting with respiratory signs/symptoms. Nevertheless, they were divided into two groups when it came to asymptomatic febrile neutropenic patients (i.e. without respiratory signs/symptoms). A superior alternative to CXR is Computed Tomography (CT). CT, in comparison to CXR, was shown to have better sensitivity in detecting pulmonary foci. The aim of our study is to compare the diagnostic performance of CT and CXR in febrile neutropenic patients presenting to the emergency department, regardless of their clinical presentation. We are also interested in the predictors of pneumonia on chest imaging.

Methodology: This is a retrospective cohort study conducted on febrile neutropenic adult cancer patients presenting to the emergency department of the American University of Beirut Medical Center.

Results: 11.4% of 263 patients had pneumonia although 27.7% had respiratory signs/symptoms. 17.1% of those who were symptomatic and did a CXR were found to have pneumonia. 41.7% of those who were symptomatic and did a CT were found to have pneumonia. 30% had negative findings on CXR but pneumonia on CT.

Conclusion: Patients with positive findings of pneumonia on chest imaging mainly had solid tumors, profound neutropenia, a higher CCI and a longer LOS. The presence of respiratory signs is the main predictor of positive pneumonia on chest imaging. CT is superior to CXR in detecting pulmonary foci in the population studied.
Cervical spinal tuberculosis combined with brucellosis
Authors: Zhao Guanghai , Wang Jing , Xiang Gao , Zhou Kaisheng , Nan Wei , Zhang Haihong
Published: November 2020

Introduction: In some developing countries, tuberculosis and brucellosis, which are commom causes of spinal infections, are still common infectious diseases. However, co-occurrence of spinal tuberculosis and brucellosis is rare.

Methodology: We report a case a 47-year-old male engaged in aquaculture with a medical history of numbness, weakness, fever, and night sweats in both upper limbs for about 10 days. Serum agglutination test (SAT) for Brucella revealed brucella infection. Cervical computed tomography (CT) scan and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) suggested C6, C7 vertebral destruction and corresponding segmental nerve compression. Based on preoperative clinical symptoms and auxiliary examination, brucellar spondylitis was first suspected. According to the postoperative pathological examination, the patient was finally diagnosed as cervical spinal tuberculosis combined with brucellosis.

Results: The preoperative symptoms of the patient decreased significantly after surgery, and the patient recovered and leaved hospital within two weeks of starting treatment. At the 6-month follow-up, the patient's clinical symptoms completely disappeared, and all laboratory tests returned to normal.

Conclusion: Cervical spinal tuberculosis combined with brucellosis is a relatively rare condition. In areas with high rates of tuberculosis and brucellosis, we should conduct comprehensive examinations to avoid misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis.
Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Nasal Swabs: comparison with Nasopharyngeal Swabs
Authors: Kim Hyun Ah , Hyun Miri , Lee Ji Yeon , Park Sunggyun , Ryoo Namhee , Kwon Yong Shik , Park Jae Seok , Kim Jin Young , Jeon Jae Cheon , Peck Kyong Ran
Published: November 2020

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Knowledge and attitude among healthcare workers towards COVID-19: a cross sectional study from Jeddah city, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Qadah Talal
Published: November 2020

Introduction: The emergence of the new Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a major impact on global health system. This cross-sectional study was designed to appraise the knowledge and attitude of healthcare workers towards COVID-19 and find out their understanding about clinical aspects of the infection.

Methodology: A total number of 1023 of healthcare workers responded to an online questionnaire and provided their data between February and March, 2020 in Jeddah city, Western province, Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire was distributed to physicians, nurses, pharmacists, technical staff and administrative staff working in clinical settings.

Results: Results revealed that mean scores for knowledge and attitude were 20.793 ± 2.436 and 4.744 ± 0.297 respectively. More than 88% of participants displayed positive knowledge and attitude towards COVID-19. Knowledge data showed that social media and the workplace, were the main sources of information for the majority of respondents. Approximately 99.12% of respondents were aware of the viral pandemic, and the causative agent. Statistically significant association was found when compared the demographic characteristics with the mean knowledge while no statistical signiﬁcance was observed when compared demographic characteristics with the mean attitude score except with marital status.

Conclusion: This study showed that healthcare workers had sufficient knowledge and positive attitude towards COVID-19. However, hospital staff should be periodically given sufficient training to effectively cope with such outbreaks in the future.
Pyralis cardinalis, a charismatic new species related to P. regalis [Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775, first recognized in Finland (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae)
Authors: Wikström Bo , Huemer Peter , Mutanen Marko , Tyllinen Juha , Kaila Lauri
Published: November 2020

The informal Pyralis regalis complex, including species of the genus Pyralis Linnaeus, 1758 (Pyralidae), with a bright white or silvery pattern on the forewing, is reviewed, supplemented by observations of the externally distinguished P. perversalis (Herrich-Schäffer, 1849), which also exhibits similarities in genitalia and DNA barcodes.

We describe Pyralis cardinalis Kaila, Huemer, Mutanen, Tyllinen & Wikström, sp. nov., based on specimens ranging from Denmark and Sweden in the West to Japan and South Korea in the East. A neotype is designated for the predominantly South European P. regalis [Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775. Lectotypes are designated for Asopia kacheticalis Christoph, 1893 and Pyralis princepsButler, 1889. Pyralis regalis ssp. sagarrai Leraut, 2005 is considered a valid species, stat. nov.
Topography-Guided Custom Ablation Photorefractive Keratectomy Treatment of Irregular Astigmatism Resulting From Decentered SMILE
Authors: Wiley Lee A. , Randleman J. Bradley
Published: November 2020

PURPOSE:

To describe the use of topography-guided custom ablation treatment with photorefractive keratectomy (T-CAT PRK) to correct irregular astigmatism and visual aberrations resulting from decentered small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE).

METHODS:

Case report and literature review.

RESULTS:

A 41-year-old woman experienced blurred uncorrected distance acuity (UDVA), reduced corrected distance acuity (CDVA), and monocular diplopia in one eye following SMILE due to treatment decentration. Retrospective review of the surgical video provided visual cues to the impending decentration at multiple points during the docking process and lenticule creation. Re-treatment was performed using T-CAT PRK with mitomycin C application with off-label use of the EX500 excimer laser (Alcon Laboratories, Inc). Treatment resulted in improvement in UDVA and CDVA to 20/12; reduced higher order aberrations, particularly vertical coma (−0.65 µm to 0.197 µm); topographic pattern centration; and subjective symptom resolution.

CONCLUSION:

Recognition of subtle visual cues at the time of SMILE docking can provide critical feedback to avoid treatment decentration. T-CAT PRK can be a useful treatment option when decentration occurs.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2020;36(11):766–771.]
Mariposas Acraeini (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae) del Departamento de Santander, Andes nororientales de Colombia
Authors: Villalobos-Moreno Alfonso , Salazar-Escobar Julián A.
Published: November 2020

La información escasa y fragmentada que existe para el nororiente colombiano, y particularmente sobre el orden Lepidoptera, condujo a la revisión del material depositado en la Colección Entomológica de la Corporación Autónoma Regional para la Defensa de la Meseta de Bucaramanga - CDMB. De este modo, se presentan resultados de la revisión de las mariposas de la tribu Acraeini recolectadas en varias cuencas hidrográficas en el marco del Proyecto de Caracterización del área de jurisdicción de la CDMB. Se examinaron 219 ejemplares agrupados en 10 especies de los géneros Abananote Potts, 1943, Altinote Potts, 1943 y Actinote Hübner, [1819]. Las sinopsis de las especies es: A. hylonome, A. neleus, A. stratonice, A. eresia, A. dicaeus, A. anteas, A. latior, A. callianthe, A. pellenea y A. trinacria. La especie más abundante fue A. anteas con el 25,11% del material recolectado, y las menos abundantes fueron A. eresia y A. callianthe con un solo ejemplar. El análisis de la calidad del inventario estimó una riqueza potencial de 11,36 especies, lo cual indica que es posible que falten una o dos especies más por ser registradas para la zona. Se realizan los primeros registros para el departamento de Santander de A. stratonice, A. latior, A. anteas, A. pellenea, y A. trinacria, con lo cual se contribuye al conocimiento y mejor entendimiento de la entomofauna de esta región de Colombia.
Smartphone-Based Sensing for Intelligent Inland Waterway Transportation
Authors: Duong Chinh Cuong , Nguyen Thi Thu , Duong Van Tu , Tran Duc-Nghia , Chinh Truong Minh , Le Anh Ngoc , Tran Duc-Tan
Published: November 2020

In this paper, we present an Android application, namely BoatSafe, which offers easy and effective navigation of waterways. The data were collected directly from both GPS and the accelerometer sensor, and then these data were processed to determine the user's "Sailing on Water" status through the motions and the position. The software offers some essential features such as: provide the positions, velocities, and heading angle of vehicles at present; save the route for a specific period time; identify the outage of GPS signal; collision warning feature, identify a collision, and call a pre-selected phone number in the event of a collision.
Advanced GPSR in Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs)
Authors: Alnabhan Mohammad M
Published: November 2020

This work aims to develop the routing capability of GPSR in MANETs. A new GPSR advancement described as Adaptive GPSR (AGPSR) is proposed with enhanced greedy forwarding and efficient routing decision. AGPSR greedy forwarding model consists of three major phases; initialization, finding target neighbor, weight value computation and next hop selection. The weight value encounters a set of network metrics including node density, network size, congestion level, transmission range, node speed and movement direction. An intensive evaluation methodology was implemented in order to evaluate the performance of proposed AGPSR in MANET. Results confirm that proposed GPSR has surpassed several MANET environmental challenges and outperformed conventional GPSR in terms of PDR, E2E delay, routing overhead, and power consumption. The delay is reduced by AGPSR of up-to 10% compared to conventional GPSR. In addition, 5% increase in PDR and more than 7% decrease in routing overhead and in power consumption was achieved by AGPSR.
Evaluation of the clinical profile, laboratory parameters and outcome of two hundred COVID-19 patients from a tertiary centre in India
Authors: Gupta Nitesh , Ish Pranav , Kumar Rohit , Dev Nishanth , Yadav Siddharth Raj , Malhotra Nipun , Agrawal Sumita , Gaind Rajni , Sachdeva Harish , COVID 2019 working group *Other members of the Safdarjung Hospital
Published: November 2020

COVID-19 is a pandemic with over 5 million cases worldwide. The disease has imposed a huge burden on health resources. Evaluation of clinical and epidemiological profiles of such patients can help in understanding and managing the outbreak more efficiently. This study was a prospective observational analysis of 200 diagnosed COVID-19 patients admitted to a tertiary care center from 20th march to 8th May 2020. All these patients were positive for COVID-19 by an oro-nasopharyngeal swab-rtPCR based testing. Analyses of demographic factors, clinical characteristics, comorbidities, laboratory parameters, and the outcomes were performed. The mean age of the population was 40 years with a slight male predominance (116 patients out of 200, 58%). A majority of the patients (147, 73.5 %) were symptomatic, with fever being the most common symptom (109, 54.5%), followed by cough (91, 45.5%). An older age, presence of symptoms and their duration, leukocytosis, a high quick SOFA score, a high modified SOFA score, need for ventilator support, an AST level more than 3 times the upper limit of normal (ULN), and a serum creatinine level of 2 mg/dl or greater were at a significantly higher risk of ICU admission and mortality. Presence of diabetes mellitus, AST > three times ULN, serum creatinine 2 mg/dl or higher, and a qSOFA score of 1 or higher were all associated with significantly greater odds of critical care requirement. Triage and severity assessment helps in deciding the requirement for a hospital stay and ICU admission for COVID-19 which can easily be done using clinical and laboratory parameters. A mild, moderate and severe category approach with defined criteria and treatment guidelines will help in judicious utilization of health-care resources, especially for developing countries like India.

 

*Other members of the Safdarjung Hospital COVID-19 working group: Balvinder Singh (Microbiology), MK Sen (Pulmonary Medicine), Shibdas Chakrabarti (Pulmonary Medicine), NK Gupta (Pulmonary medicine), AJ Mahendran (Pulmonary Medicine), Ramesh Meena (Medicine), G Usha (Anaesthesiology), Santvana Kohli (Anaesthesiology), Sahil Diwan (Anaesthesiology), Rushika Saksena (Microbiology), Vikramjeet Dutta (Microbiology), Anupam Kr Anveshi (Microbiology)
Abdominal Tuberculosis: Experience from Two Tertiary-Care Hospitals in the Paris Region
Authors: Calin Ruxandra , Belkacem Anna , Caraux-Paz Pauline , Wagner Mathilde , Guillot Héène , Veziris Nicolas , Jaureguiberry Stéphane , Caumes Eric , Patey Olivier , Pourcher Valérie
Published: November 2020

Abdominal tuberculosis (ATB) is uncommon and not very well known by clinicians. We describe the characteristics, evolution, and treatment of patients with ATB in two large hospitals in the Paris region. We reviewed all records of patients treated for ATB, from January 01, 2010 to December 01, 2016, diagnosed by bacteriological and/or histological methods or highly suspected because of clinical/radiological features. We included 80 patients, with a median (IQR) age of 39 (29–50) years, with 56.2% being males. Among them, 63.7% had African origins, 15% Asian, and 11.2% European. Twenty-nine had a cause of immunosuppression (n = 21 HIV infection). The main abdominal localizations were lymph nodes (72.5%), peritoneum (62.5%), and solid organs (25%). Extra-abdominal localizations were recorded in 65 (81.2%) patients. Tuberculosis was proven bacteriologically in 71%, histologically in 50%, and solely clinical/radiological in 10% of cases. Patients received standard therapy for a median duration of 9 months, with a favorable outcome. Corticosteroid therapy was used in 15 cases, either for paradoxical reaction or to prevent complications. Abdominal TB was mainly represented by lymphatic and peritoneal localizations, proven bacteriologically, and associated with extra-abdominal localizations in most cases. The use of steroids remains controversial, but it does not seem systematically needed in case of abdominal involvement.
The Purchase Decision-making Process for Renewable Heating Technologies: A Consumer Perspective
Authors:   , Reichler Mario B.
Published: November 2020

The discussion about energy has become an important topic in recent years. For end users, issues, such as price increases for oil and gas, limited resources, and alternative energy sources, have become increasingly important, attracting the attention of scholars and politicians alike. Political discussions on energy issues form part of the daily news. For example, pollution of the environment with carbon dioxide (CO2) and global warming due to the greenhouse effect have become hot topics for debate. Considering the growing importance of renewable energy for households, this investigation focuses on the factors that drive homeowners to purchase renewable energy technologies, as well as on the implications of these factors on the design of future business-to-consumer (B2C) marketing models that can contribute towards an increase in the use of renewable energy. Contextually, the research is based on heating consumption in German households. This thesis examines the potential purchase of existing renewable energy technologies by end users in the German housing market. The increased use of renewable energy is not studied with a view towards future technologies, but rather in terms of the decisionmaking process of end users to possibly invest in already available renewable heating technologies. Decision-making processes are seen as discrete activities which involve individuals over a period of time. These processes include selection and implementation, and have an end point (Wilson, 2004). Based on a grounded research methodology, a series of interviews have been carried out with homeowners as decision-makers for the purchase of existing renewable energy heating systems. The interviewees are homeowners who live in old houses with bad insulation and heating technology standards, still constituting a high proportion of homeowners in Germany. The understanding of their decision-making process can help managers of renewable energy companies, politicians, and local authorities develop viable strategies for increasing the purchase of renewable heating technologies. This research indicates the importance of not only rational decision-making factors as strongly economical related issues affecting the purchase of renewable heating technologies, but also of bounded rational factors influenced by the personal insights of homeowners and their relationship to involved stakeholders within the market for renewable heating technologies.
Apresentação do Dossiê
Authors: Monteiro Silva Igor , Sá Barreto Francisco , Denise Silva Lara
Published: November 2020

Apresentação do dossiê temático "Compondo cidades: engajamentos possíveis entre expressões culturais e mobilizações políticas", organizado pelos(as) pesquisadores(as) Igor Monteiro, Francisco Sá Barreto e Lara Denise Silva.
Application of a Case Study Methodology
Authors: Tellis Winston
Published: November 2020

In the preceding article (Tellis, 1997), the goals and objectives were presented and explained in detail. In this article, the methodology to accomplish those goals and objectives will be examined. The reader will become familiar with the specific techniques that are used in the current study, and supported by the literature that was reviewed in the previous article. That methodology will follow the recommendation of Yin (1994) and has four stages: Design the case study, Conduct the case study, Analyze the case study evidence, and Develop the conclusions, recommendations and implications. The article begins with an introduction, that includes some of the background information that is intended to inform the reader. Following that section, each step of the methodology will be explored in detail. Finally a summary will connect all the information in a concise manner.
Sensemaking in Clinical Qualitative Research
Authors: Chenail Ronald , Maione Paul
Published: November 2020

When therapists research clinical populations or situations from a qualitative research perspective, their task is different from when researchers conduct their own clinical qualitative studies. With researchers, the study at hand may be their first time "in the field." For researchers in this situation it is easier to use qualitative methods such as grounded theory (Glaser & Strauss, 1967) because there is a "tabula rasa" quality to this initial foray into the "unknown" as a theory from observations is constructed anew. In the case of the therapists-as-qualitative-researchers, clinicians already have made some sort of sense of "the other" by virtue of their previous experiences or exposures with the population or situation in question. Instead of constructing theories like their researcher colleagues, researching clinicians must face their previous constructions (i.e., sensemaking from experience), create methods which allow for deconstruction (i.e., sensemaking challenged), and then work towards building reconstructions (i.e., sensemaking remade) (Dervin, 1992; Duffy, 1995; Shields & Dervin, 1993; Weick, 1995). In this manner, the confidence that therapist-researchers have in their observations can be both rigorously challenged and bolstered. We present ways of undertaking this triadic approach to inquiry and sensemaking along with a conceptual tool from the presenters' work, "The Y of the How," will be offered as one way this approach to clinical research can be accomplished.
THE IMPORTANCE OF CRITICAL THINKING IN SOCIAL WORKERS` EDUCATION
Authors:   University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Philosophy, Škorić Jovana , Škorić Marko ,   University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Philosophy
Published: November 2020

In this paper, the authors discuss about the importance of critical thinking in the education of social workers, as well as its implications in the practice of this profession. Namely, the authors start from the assumption that students largely uncritically accept knowledge as true, reliable and accurate. On the other hand, the paper shows how critical thinking can be encouraged in the classroom. In the light of this, the authors analyze the components of critical thinking, a brief history of it (in context of social work practice), as well as various contemporary paradigms in this context. At the end of paper, there is a room for potential challenges, as well as barriers in the implementation of the above-mentioned paradigms in the educational system.
LITERARY TEXT RECEPTION IN DEVELOPING TEACHING AND LEVEL OF MORAL DEVELOPMENT OF YOUNGER SCHOOL AGE STUDENTS
Authors:   University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Philosophy, Dragić Želimir , Ilić Mile ,   University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Philosophy
Published: November 2020

The processes and outcomes of literary text reception are determined by the flows and methodical specificities of the traditional and innovative-developing teaching system. Increased intensity of literary text reception can be achieved in the models of developing teaching at a younger school age. Starting from the premises of the reception theory, the theory of innovative-developing teaching and the findings of tangent research, transferable theoretical foundations of literary reception and literary text reception microplans were developed in the models of developing classroom teaching (different complexity levels interactive teaching ‒ DCLIT and responsible teaching ‒ RT). During the one-year experimental-methodical programme, elementary school fifth grade students were adopting literary-artistic texts in the context of one innovative-developing model of classroom teaching (different complexity levels teaching ‒ E1 or responsible teaching – E2), and in the regular teaching of literature. On average, students in the experimental groups (E1 and E2) achieved generally statistically significantly higher scores during the final evaluation of the knowledge of moral qualities and knowledge of human personalities than the students in the control groups (K1 and K2). The obtained findings of the experimental-methodical research can be a significant contribution to the advancement of work on literary text in the teaching practice.