bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mathematical modeling of the diffusion process of liquid additives into extruded pellets of feed stuff for prime fish species
Authors: Ostrikov A. N. , Bogomolov I. S. , Filiptsov P. V.
Published: November 2020

A mathematical model of the diffusion process of liquid components into extruded pellets of feed stuff for prime fish species under vacuum spraying is considered. This will increase the fat content up to 40% and improve the digestibility and nutritive properties of the feed stuff. It is suggested to use the differential equation of molecular diffusion with boundary conditions of the third kind to describe the process of diffusion of liquid in porous pellets. For a mathematical description, the solution of the equation of unsteady molecular diffusion for bodies with the geometric shape of an unbounded cylinder (extruded pellets can be considered such bodies) was used. The studies carried out with values of the Bio criterion over 100 showed that the concentration of liquid additives inside the extruded pellets becomes equal to the concentration of liquid additives on their surface. Given a constant concentration of liquid additives on the surface of extruded pellets, this solution takes place in the form of a rapidly converging series. Considering that for Fourier numbers greater than 0.3 the series converges quickly, then all the members of the series can be discarded except the first one. Thus, the obtained solution of the equation of unsteady molecular diffusion at a constant concentration of liquid additives on the surface of pellets had the form of a rapidly converging series. Taking the logarithm of the obtained equation and solving its Fourier criterion, we attained the expression for determining the duration of the diffusion process. Comparison of the calculated curves and experimental data showed that the root mean square deviation did not exceed 14.3%. The use of vacuum spraying of liquid additives on the surface of pellets made it possible to increase the diffusion coefficient from 4.78?10e-4 to 6.112?10e-4 м2/с in comparison with the traditional technology of pelleting in a drum apparatus.
Evaluation of quality indicators of wheat bread enriched with secondary apple raw materials
Authors: Kovaleva A. E. , Pyanikova E. A. , Tkacheva E. D. , Riazantseva A. S.
Published: November 2020

The influence of secondary apple raw materials (apple pomace powder and frozen apple pomace) on the organoleptic (shape, surface, color, level of baking and mixing, porosity, taste, odor) and physicochemical quality indicators (moisture, acidity and porosity) of wheat bread was studied in the work. The traditional wheat bread recipe in which a part of the premium wheat baking flour was replaced by 5.7% buckwheat flour and 8.6% apple pomace powder, respectively for bread with the addition of apple pomace powder, was taken as a basis. Replacement of a part of the premium wheat bakery flour, respectively, with 6.7% buckwheat flour and 10% fresh frozen apple pomace was made in the second bread sample with the addition of frozen apple pomace, while the amount of water was reduced. The study of the quality indicators of baked bread samples was carried out with expert and organoleptic methods. A five-point scale for bread quality assessing in which each indicator was assigned a maximum number of points - 5, was developed for organoleptic assessment. According to the results of the study of organoleptic quality indicators of the developed samples of wheat bread, enriched with secondary apple raw materials, wuth a point scale, it was found that they exceeded the control sample. At the same time, the sample with fresh frozen apple pomace turned out to be the best, gaining 38.2 points out of 40 possible. It had a regular rounded shape with evenly distributed impregnations of flavoring; pleasant taste and smell characteristic of the products of this name; uniform light brown color; uniform porosity, without voids and seals, without lumps and traces of impurities. A sample of bread with apple pomace powder yielded 1.4 points to it, gaining 36.8 points in all respects. The developed samples of wheat bread enriched with apple raw materials (apple pomace powder and frozen apple pomace) meet the requirements of GOST 31805-2018 in terms of physicochemical indicators
Use of inulin-containing raw materials in bakery products
Authors: Baulina T. V. , Sergienko I. V. , Kutsova A. E. , Derkanosova A. A.
Published: November 2020

According to modern trends in nutritional science, the range of bakery products should be expanded with the release of products of improved quality and nutritional value, for preventive and therapeutic purposes. The volume of production of dietary products is insignificant, the need for them is satisfied only by 10–20%. The increase in the nutritional value of bread is carried out by regulating the chemical composition of products as a result of the use of raw materials traditional for baking and the introduction of biologically active additives, which make it possible to obtain finished products that have functional properties and are intended for therapeutic and preventive nutrition. The influence of inulin-containing raw materials of Jerusalem artichoke on the quality indicators of bakery products has been studied in order to preserve optimal organoleptic and physicochemical properties and give the products a functional orientation. During the sensory assessment, the surface condition, consistency, structure, dryness, aroma of the dough, its taste and color were examined. With an increase in the percentage of Jerusalem artichoke powder added to the dough, the number of dark inclusions increased, and the artichoke flavor became more pronounced. The degree of digestibility of the proposed buns was determined by the pepsin-trypsin system, which imitates the digestion of food in the human stomach. The offered product expands the range of functional bakery products, improved in biological value (by 23%), vitamin (A, E) and mineral composition. The project of TU and TI, RC has been developed. The bun is promising for implementation in production.
Financial and economic characteristics of the organization's life cycle
Authors: Salikov Y. A. , Krivtsova N. N.
Published: November 2020

One of the most acceptable scientific and methodological approaches to work in difficult economic conditions is regular and targeted management of the life cycle of a business organization as an open social and economic system. Any system develops and changes, passing through typical stages or cyclic states of its development. Studying the enterprise from the point of view of the life cycle allows to increase efficiency of financial and economic activity exactly at the specified stage and in due time to develop measures on prevention or weakening of negative and increase of positive results. The analysis of scientific researches has allowed to define the "life cycle of an enterprise" as a quantitatively limited set of stages or states within which the enterprise is during its existence and development. With regard to the functioning of a business organization, the following stages of its life cycle have traditionally been identified: creation, growth, maturity and crisis. Depending on the stage of the life cycle, a business organization should focus on various aspects of its financial and economic activities. Development of a business organization is to ensure the transition from the first and second stages to the third, and the longest possible retention (maturity stage) with timely identification of signs of the fourth stage (crisis) in order to prevent it by retaining the existing positions, returning to the second stage, diversification or transition to a new life cycle. Each stage of development has its key aspects on which management should focus to achieve and maintain positive financial and economic performance. Correspondence of life cycle stages and financial and economic priorities gives grounds for development of the system of financial and economic indicators and formation of limits of their permissible fluctuations within each stage. Based on the values of financial and economic indicators and their dynamics, it is possible, firstly, to contribute to more accurate diagnostics of the life cycle stage of a business organization; secondly, to improve the efficiency of a business organization at each stage by adjusting the values of indicators within the optimal ranges and applying adequate managerial impacts.
Realization of investment attractiveness of the territory
Authors: Kleymenov D. S. , Ruban A. A. , Orekhov A. A.
Published: November 2020

The article presents proposals for the development of rural areas by increasing their investment attractiveness. It is proved that in addition to financial resources, limiting factors for the development of the territory can serve as its social, environmental, and institutional features. Lack of resources, technologies, and infrastructure will limit rural development. It is proved that the implementation of the development opportunities of territories involves the search for optimal solutions in the selection of investment objects, their integration into the economy of the region and the municipality. The article examines the investment attractiveness of the Ramon district of the Voronezh region, which has a shortage of energy capacity, which does not allow for further expansion of industrial activities in the municipality. It is proposed to consider the creation of a company providing services in the field of eco-tourism as an alternative investment object. Such projects do not have increased requirements for existing electrical capacity, preserve recreational potential, create jobs, and ultimately improve the quality of life of the district's population. A brief description of the development of the tourism industry in Russia and the Voronezh region is given, and the main measures of its state support are highlighted. The growth of the domestic tourist market is predicted, as well as an increase in demand for these services. The project for installing and launching a glamping complex on the territory of the Ramon district is calculated. Conclusions are drawn about the economic, social and budgetary effectiveness of the proposed project. The glamping complex will increase the export of tourist services in the region, increase the gross regional product, and create additional jobs without using significant energy capacity, which will ultimately have a positive impact on the development of the municipality as a whole.
Innovative Development of a Human-Centered Economy in the Context of Overcoming the Pandemic
Authors: Shkarupeta E. V. , Goncharov A. Y. , Serebryakova N. A.
Published: November 2020

The article examines the theoretical and practical aspects of the innovative development of the human-centered economy in the context of overcoming the pandemic. The relevance of the study is confirmed by the fact that the world of high technologies, accelerated development and violent digitalization creates new rules of life. To the traditional risks that influenced humanity and caused crises in the past, the study adds new ones related to privacy of personal data and cybersecurity, artificial intelligence and new jobs, instant information dissemination and manipulation of public opinion, inequality of opportunities and environmental threats. It is concluded that the pandemic has become a powerful trigger for innovation. Social distancing technologies, which were especially popular during the coronavirus outbreak, are at the peak of demand. The pandemic has also adjusted the logic of providing government support to technology entrepreneurs. Among the priorities is support for domestic digital services that improve the quality of life online and provide social distancing. In conclusion, it was concluded that each crisis is unique, just as unique are the recipes for overcoming it, and each new wave brings new recipes to the entrepreneur and investor's piggy bank of how to build a sustainable business that is not afraid of threats of any type - from financial to biological. To protect oneself technologically from the shocks associated with the crisis, maximum digitalization of business processes and the use of modern business models, industrial automation using industrial Internet technologies, predictive analytics, the use of the most modern digital sales channels, and investments in personnel development are required. These and many other factors make up a modern sustainable business model.
Theories of socio-economic ecosystems: patterns and development trends
Authors: Alikaeva M. V. , Aslanova L. O. , Shinahov A. A.
Published: November 2020

The genesis of integration processes at the micro-, meso- and macro-levels of modern activities of business entities indicates the presence of conceptually new levels of development based on the active use of resource potential, intellectual capital and digital transformation. Practice shows that instability in certain markets affects the complementary segments of the socioeconomic space and necessitates the search for ways of interaction that allow them to function as a single “organism” to achieve a synergistic effect and aggregate strengthening of resistance to external determinants. The social and economic ecosystem is a peculiar structure of synergistic interaction between the authorities, business, technological leaders and socio-economic subjects of the region. In the conditions of uneven development of territories, it becomes necessary in the process of making management decisions to rely on the existing communities of economic agents based on the system theory. The use of the theory of socio-economic ecosystems contributes to the elimination of disparate management processes, the achievement of strategic goals of the socio-economic development of the region. Within the framework of the systematic approach, trends and patterns of development of socio-economic ecosystems are presented. The main tasks of a socio-economic ecosystem are to implement best practices to meet the daily needs of the elements of this ecosystem. Since the ecosystem is located in time and space, then it has historical, geographic, ethnic, political and economic boundaries. In our study, we will rely on the economic and territorial boundaries of the ecosystem
Improvement of industrial development management as a basis food security: an integrated approach
Authors: Podmolodina I. M. , Voronin V. P. , Kolomytseva O. Y. , Kolesnikova E. Y.
Published: November 2020

The current stage of economic development in Russia is characterized by a new mainstream in management theory – the promotion of management technology to leading roles in the management of economic entities, priority is given to managers. It is believed that they are able to bring enterprises to the desired level of financial efficiency. Management developments of previous generations of managers, especially Russian ones, are not sufficiently taken into account. The article considers the formation of industrial development management, the contribution, first of all, of Russian economists and practitioners to the formation of the management paradigm. It is shown that the General principles of an integrated approach were developed in the first quarter of the twentieth century and Russian scientists and statesmen played a significant role in this. The main directions of formation of management tools, the increasing role of science-based planning in it are revealed.
Consumers as a marketing tool for the development of tourist activities
Authors: Dzahmisheva I. S.
Published: November 2020

The article explores the features of the behavioral nature of consumers of tourism services, allowing to ensure the economic development of tourism companies based on the implementation of the basic principle of marketing - customer orientation. The competitiveness of a travel company is significantly affected not only by natural, climatic, economic, political, environmental, but also social factors. In order to study consumer preferences in the market of travel services, a questionnaire was developed and a survey of consumers (customers) in the amount of 100 people was conducted. The survey was conducted among real consumers (customers) of travel companies in the city of Nalchik. It was found that the higher the level of education of consumers, the greater their desire for knowledge and travel; mid-level managers and employees annually use part (a couple of weeks) of their vacation for recreation; the education and professional activities of potential clients of travel agencies affect not only the number of trips they make, but also the choice of travel destination; the main source of information about tourist destinations and services among potential clients of travel agencies is Internet resources; a decrease in cash income entails a reduction in the need for tourism services. Thus, socially oriented consumers are a marketing tool for the economic development of tourism companies and ensure their competitiveness. The information obtained as a result of the research will allow us to better understand customer behavior, timely identify problems that impede the effective conduct of business and reduce the likelihood of risk in the process of making the right management decisions in the tourism sector. Implementation of the main marketing principle - customer orientation will allow you to concentrate on the most promising market segments, to increase the efficiency of the applied forms and methods of sales, advertising, sales promotion, and, in general, to ensure the economic growth of tourism companies.
Organization of reproduction of investment activities in specialized vegetable enterprises
Authors: Masik A. V.
Published: November 2020

The article contains proposals for the development of vegetable growing, the central place in which is given to the reproduction of investments. The reproduction of investment activity is understood by the authors as a complex system of relationships and ordered stages that are specific to different industries. It is substantiated that investment is primary in relation to cyclical business processes, and the size and dynamics of profit affect the model of reproduction of a commercial organization. Vegetable growing is a promising area of economic development in the Voronezh region. It has been proved that it is necessary to increase the production of vegetables in the Voronezh region, both for personal consumption and for export, since vegetables are the basis of the diet of a modern person, moreover, their consumption is constantly increasing, and exports are becoming one of the leading positions in the growth of the Russian economy. If previously Tunisia, Turkey, Israel and other countries were traditional exporters, now there is a tangible interest in domestic vegetable-growing products. Satisfying demand requires the formation of a stable production base, which allows obtaining high quality vegetables for seasonal and off-season consumption. The features of reproduction of investment activity at open-cut enterprises and greenhouses have been investigated. A brief description of the investment activity of specialized subjects of the vegetable growing industry in the Voronezh region is given, general, sectoral and organizational and economic features of the processes of reproduction of investment activity in them are identified and systematized. The volume of investments and typical sources of their coverage have been studied, and their assessment has been made according to generally accepted and special indicators. The conclusion is made about the promising directions of development of enterprises of the sub-industry and the levers and mechanisms of influence necessary for this.
Modeling the design of the scaler for thermochemical treatment of beet ships before extracting sucharose
Authors: Kulneva N. G. , Zhuravlev M. V.
Published: November 2020

The extraction of sucrose is a key process in sugar beet production that determines its efficiency. This process is significantly accelerated by a complex thermal, electrical and chemical effect on beet tissue in the process of its preparation and is carried out in scalders of various designs. The design parameters of the scalder can be estimated using mathematical modeling methods. When developing the model, a finite element approach was used by representing complex bodies in the form of a large number of separate elements of the same type and the method of particle dynamics. In the simulation, a number of coefficients were introduced related to splitting the chips into separate spherical elements: mЭ, cС, dЭС, cИС. Reference and experimental data were used to calculate them. The mathematical model is implemented in the form of a system of differential and algebraic equations, for the processing of which a computer program in the Object Pascal language has been developed. The developed model makes it possible to vary a large number of design and technological parameters of the scalder and mechanical and geometric parameters of beet chips, and to determine indicators characterizing the efficiency of thermochemical processing of chips. The angle of inclination of the nozzle in the vertical plane, length and diameter of the nozzle were chosen as design parameters. The efficiency of the scalder design was evaluated by the mass of beet chips accumulated on the nozzle and the contact time of the beet chips with the inner surfaces of the scalder. In the course of a computer experiment, it was found that an increase in the angle of inclination of the nozzles at different lengths and diameters significantly reduces the mass of accumulated chips and the time of contact of the chips with the surface of the scalder. The resulting model is intended for the design of prototypes of the scalder.
Development of technology for "Shorley" type beverages with collagen
Authors: Novikova I. V. , Antipova L. V. , Romanyuk T. I. , Bovva O. A. , Kudryashov M. S.
Published: November 2020

The use of collagen in food industry is becoming increasingly popular. It has a neutral taste and smell, so it can be added to drinks. Drinks based on natural mineral waters - "Shorley" type drinks are an actively developing segment of the beer and alcohol industry. They contain various fruit and berry raw materials. The paper substantiates the component composition and formulation of beverages based on soluble collagen of fish origin. We used the hydrate of collagen proteins from the skin of the carp in the form of 2% dispersion. Three types of mineral water were used: "Slavyanovskaya", "Essentuki 4" and "Narzan". Raspberry, cherry and black currant juices were selected as fruit and berry raw materials. They have valuable biologically active properties due to their high content of vitamins, macro-and microelements, flavonoids and other valuable components. The obtained samples of beverages have good physical and chemical characteristics. Experimental samples of drinks with the addition of mineral water "Slavyanovskaya" and "Narzan" were distinguished by the harmonious taste of the corresponding juice without the taste and smell of fish collagen. For samples of soft drinks, refreshing and thirst-quenching properties were shown. A salty taste was observed for drinks obtained with the use of "Essentuki No. 4" water. Therefore, in the preparation of beverages such as "Shorly" this type of water is not recommended. The results of the analysis of beverages during the shelf life confirm the stability of the indicators of the tested samples. The shelf life of beverages was 6 months under storage conditions: temperature 12±2 °C and relative humidity 70±5%. The developed recipes and the results of the analysis of the characteristics of beverages allow us to recommend them to meet consumer demand for the prevention, maintenance and correction of physiological conditions of the body.
Study of a fodder protein supplement from plant raw materials with phytobiotic properties
Authors: Shevtsov A. A. , Drannikov A. V. , Derkanosova A. A. , Torshina A. A. , Orinicheva A. A. , Anokhina E. P.
Published: November 2020

The Russian market is oversaturated with grain raw materials in the composition of mixed fodders, which are characterized by a protein deficiency and poor digestibility of nutrients. One of the problems of modern animal husbandry is to increase productivity, and most importantly, to reduce the cost of production due to the efficient use of feed nutrients. Phytobiotics have antiviral, antimicrobial, and immunomodulating effects. Feed consumption is increased and the acid-base environment is normalized when they are included in any diet. Phytobiotics are safe for farm animals and birds. Studies of the amino acid composition and antioxidant activity of the protein feed additive obtained from the leafy mass of red clover plants were carried out in the work. The qualitative and quantitative composition of amino acids and the value of antioxidant activity prove the advisability of introducing a fodder protein supplement into the diet of feeding farm animals and birds. The main advantage of feeding a plant-based supplement is that farm animals and poultry are not exposed to any risks, as well as the possibility of its use as a flavoring and an appetite stimulant. It is assumed that the application of an additive from the vegetative mass of red clover will stimulate growth, reproduction, weight gain and will have antibacterial and immunostimulating effects.
Prospects for the use of edible functional containers in public catering
Authors: Samoilov M. A. , Akhmetshina Z. R. , Perov V. V.
Published: November 2020

The paper considers the prospects for the use of innovative disposable tableware and packaging materials at catering establishments. The advantage of edible packaging materials is that they do not need individual collection and special disposal conditions, unlike traditional biodegradable polymers, which have not gained wide popularity due to the fact that they require special collection and disposal conditions in specially created conditions. The disposable tableware being developed, which is discussed in the article, is made from biodegradable and edible materials, both as an alternative to plastic tableware, and as a replacement for traditional dishes and functional containers used in the catering industry. This paper presents a comparative analysis of the efficiency of the process of heat treatment of culinary dishes in traditional functional containers made of stainless steel and in promising functional containers made of edible biodegradable material (wheat bran). In addition, the paper presents the rationale for the feasibility of the process of thermal culinary treatment with the subsequent serving to the table of dishes cooked in utensils from wheat bran. Theoretical calculations show us that the energy consumption for cooking in utensils made from wheat bran will be less than in traditional functional containers of the same size, made of stainless steel. Calculations show that the use of utensils made from wheat bran can reduce the costs of the process of thermal cooking of dishes in them. At the same time, such dishes are an excellent alternative to disposable plastic dishes due to the absence of negative impact on the environment.
Effect of agitation on the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis of highly concentrated media of extruded corn starch
Authors: Sharikov A. Y. , Ivanov V. V. , Amelyakina M. V.
Published: November 2020

The influence of the mixing factor and its intensity was investigated at the stage of developing a technology for processing highly concentrated hydrolysates (50% solids) of extruded corn starch. The starch was extruded using a twin-screw extruder at a temperature of 185 °C and a pressure at the die of 2 MPa. Extruded substrate was hydrolyzed with enzyme preparations of ?-amylase and glucoamylase for 4 hours with different stirring modes. The significance of the stirring speed on the degree of hydrolysis of extruded starch, especially in the first 2 hours of enzymatic treatment, has been established. As a result of 4-hour exposure, the dextrose equivalent of the hydrolyzate incubated without stirring was 52.2. Dextrose equivalent of the hydrolysates stirred at speed of 100, 200 and 500 rpm was 54.5, 59.3, and 59.8, respectively. The study of rheological properties showed that the dynamic viscosity of a medium without stirring significantly differed from the viscosity of a medium with stirring throughout the entire hydrolysis period. As a result, the dynamic viscosity of the sample without stirring and with stirring decreased from 3 Pa?s to 0.35 Pa?s and from 2.5-2.8 Pa?s to 0.145-0.221 Pa?s, respectively. An double increase of the glucoamylase dosage made the mixing factor after 4 hours of hydrolysis insignificant and increased the dextrose equivalent value by 18-35%. The dextrose equivalents of samples without stirring and with stirring at a frequency of 200 rpm were 70 and 71, respectively. But in the first 2 hours of hydrolysis, the stirring factor for samples with an increased dosage of glucoamylase was also statistically significant. The study showed that hydrolysis of highly concentrated media of extruded starch under the condition of high-quality homogenization with the enzymes provides a high degree of bioconversion without the requirement for continuous mixing,
Development of Learning Module Reading Al-Qur’an Writing in Basic State School Rogomulyo 02 Semarang
Authors: Af'idah Af'idah , Miftahuddin Miftahuddin , Rohman Taufiqur
Published: November 2020

This research is motivated by the unavailability of teaching materials module for students. This research is a research and development, which the aims to produce a product of teaching materials such as Literacy Al-Qur'an Module effectively and efficiently. The subjects of this study were 23 fifth grade students of SD Rogomulyo 02 Kaliwungu District and accompanied by two validation experts. The data collection techniques used are observation, interviews, and test (Pretest and Posttest). The method for developing of literacy Al-Qur'an module uses Research and development steps developed by Borg and Gall. This steps are consist of 1) preliminary research, 2) product design, 3) validation, 4) product application, and 5) analysis.The results of this study indicate that, literacy al-Qur'an modules compiled by researchers, can improve learning achievement from the averages value of students above the KKM (Minimum completeness criteria). The conclusion is based on the processing of pre-test data of 64.52 and post-test of 77.86 using Paired Samples T-Test data resulting in an average correlation data of 0.806 and a significance value of 0,000. The results of the calculation of Paired Samples T-Test found the value of Sig. (2 tailed) is 0,000 ˂ 0.05, then H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. Thus it can be concluded that there is an influence on using of literacy al-Qur'an module for students, it's proven any differences in the average between pre-test and post-test results of students or have comply the KKM (Minimum completeness criteria) in schools.
Experiences of workplace breastfeeding in a provincial government setting: A qualitative exploratory study among managers and mothers in South Africa
Authors: Mabaso Prudence Bongekile , Jaga Ameeta , Doherty Tanya
Published: November 2020

Background: Return to employment is a major barrier to breastfeeding continuation, globally and in the Southern African context. The Lancet breastfeeding series revealed an explicit need for research exploring breastfeeding as a workplace issue in low- and middle-income countries. A dearth of research on workplace breastfeeding in South Africa calls for attention to this topic. This study sought to explore breastfeeding at work experiences from the perspective of employed mothers and senior managers in a provincial government setting in South Africa.Methods: The study adopted an exploratory qualitative design with multi-perspective semi-structured interviews. Snowball sampling was employed to recruit twelve participants, (n = 4) senior managers and (n = 8) employed mothers, from two provincial government departments in Cape Town, South Africa. Interviews were conducted between April and August 2018 to capture participants’ experiences with breastfeeding in the workplace. Thematic analysis was used to analyse data. Results: Four key themes that described breastfeeding at work experiences emerged which further traversed three critical maternity periods: pregnancy, maternity leave, and return to work. The prevalent themes were; knowledge about the legislation and breastfeeding support benefits, perceptions and experiences of breastfeeding in the workplace, barriers to breastfeeding continuation, and recommendations to improve breastfeeding support at work. Conclusion: Our study contributions emphasise that breastfeeding support from managers should begin prior to the mother taking maternity leave, and that in addition to infrastructural developments, immediate supervisor support may be critical in fostering breastfeeding friendly workplaces for working mothers. Implications for management for advancing support for breastfeeding at work in the public sector are presented.
Examination of Substrate Specificity of the First Adenylation Domain in mcyA Module Involved in Microcystin Biosynthesis
Authors: YAMAN Gözde , YILMAZ Mete
Published: November 2020

The cyanotoxin microcystin (MC) is a secondary metabolite, synthesized by nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) and polyketide synthase (PKS) enzymes. It has many isoforms and the mechanism of its diversity is not well understood. One of the MC synthetase genes, mcyA, codes for the McyA module containing two adenylation (A) domains. The first domain, McyA-A1, generally binds to L-serine (L-ser). Then the N-methyl transferase (NMT) domain converts L-Ser into N-methyldehydroalanine (Mdha), which usually occupies position 7 on the MC molecule. However, various other amino acids (AAs) might also be present at this position. In this study, bioinformatic analyses of selected cyanobacteria were performed to understand whether genetic information in the first adenylation domain of mcyA could explain incorporation of different AAs at position 7 of the MC molecule. Binding pocket signatures of McyA-A1 and putative activated AAs were determined via various bioinformatics tools. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic trees of full length mcyA, mcyA-A1 and 16S rRNA genes were prepared in Mega 6. Phylogenetic analysis of mcyA-A1 nucleotide sequences was in agreement with the predictions of activated AAs by McyA-A1. In comparison with the 16S rRNA and full length mcyA gene trees, mcyA-A1 phylogenetic trees suggested horizontal transfer of the A domain in either Planktothrix agardhii (Gomont) Anagnostidis & Komárek or Planktothrix rubescens (De Candolle ex Gomont) Anagnostidis & Komárek strains. Predictions of activated AAs were generally in agreement with the chemically determined position 7 AAs. However, there were exceptions suggesting the multispecificity of the first A domain of McyA in some cyanobacteria.
Öğrenme Güçlüğü ve Özel Yeteneği Olan İki Kere Farklı Bireylere Yönelik Yapılan Çalışmaların Gözden Geçirilmesi
Authors: YILMAZ YENİOĞLU Büşra , MELEKOĞLU Macid Ayhan
Published: November 2020

Giriş: İki kere farklı (2f; twice exceptional [2e]) kavramı; bireylerin bir ya da birden fazla alanda özel yetenek gösterirken bir ya da birden fazla alanda yetersizlik göstermesi ya da bu alanlarda güçlük yaşaması olarak açıklanmaktadır. 2f terimi; özel yeteneğinin yanı sıra özel öğrenme güçlüğü, dikkat eksikliği ve hiperaktivite bozukluğu, otizm spektrum bozukluğu veya sosyal duygusal gelişim bozukluğu gibi durumlardan birine de sahip olmayı içermektedir. Yöntem: Bu araştırmanın amacı, özel yetenek ve öğrenme güçlüğü tanısı almış 2f bireylere yönelik 2014-2019 yılları arasında yapılan ulusal ve uluslararası çalışmaları inceleyerek betimsel analiz yapmaktır. Belirlenen anahtar kelimeler veri tabanlarında taranmış ve toplam 41 makale araştırma kapsamında incelenmiştir. Bulgular: Araştırmanın sonucunda, 2f bireylere yönelik çalışma sayısının az olması nedeniyle tam olarak tanımlanamadıkları ve daha fazla sayıda çalışmaya ihtiyaç olduğu vurgulanmaktadır. Ayrıca incelenen makalelerin büyük çoğunluğunun betimsel araştırma olarak gerçekleştirildiği ve müdahale araştırmalarının sayısının oldukça sınırlı olduğu dikkat çekmektedir. Tartışma: Bulgular tartışılarak araştırma kapsamında incelenen makaleler hakkında genel bakış oluşturulmuştur.
Release of nitrogenous disinfection by-product precursors in algae-laden water under UV radiation
Authors: Pan Weiliang , Cao Yunpeng , Deng Rui , Gu Li , Xu Jian , Ding Changlong
Published: November 2020

Nitrogen-containing organic compounds and nitrogenous disinfection by-products (N-DBPs) in drinking water have attracted attention in the field of water treatment. Metabolites released during algae growth contain a variety of organic nitrogen species, which are called N-DBP precursors. The aim of this paper is to elucidate how N-DBP precursors are released under UV radiation, as well as investigate the variations of their chemical properties. The results show that through UV radiation, the physiological metabolism of algal cells was disordered and the properties of their metabolites were changed. The dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) compound concentration increased rapidly from 5.38 at the beginning to 11.11 mg/L after 30 min of radiation, and then increased steadily from 11.11 to 23.71 mg/L during a further 210 min of radiation. Derivation results of the curves for algae and DON concentration variations shows that when 1 × 1010 algal cells were destroyed, 8.31 mg DON was released into the solution during the first 30 min of radiation. Low dose UV radiation brought a slight decline of the specific N-DBP formation potential due to changes in the extracellular organic matter (EOM) structure without destroying the algal cells, which was conducive to controlling the formation potential of N-DBPs. Long-time UV radiation can bring a significant increase in N-DBP formation potential. After 4 hours of ultraviolet radiation, the total formation potential of N-DBPs in the solution increased from about 84.9 μg/L to about 213.5 μg/L, 2.5 times higher than the initial solution. The N-DBP formation potential increases obviously during the first 10–30 min UV radiation, and then decreases slightly in the subsequent 30–240 min radiation.
Assessment of water resources carrying capacity based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation – case study of Jinan, China
Authors: Wu Yi , Ma Zhongyu , Li Xiang , Sun Li , Sun Shaohua , Jia Ruibao
Published: November 2020

Jinan is a city that typifies the water resource shortage in North China. This study selected nine indices to evaluate the regional water resources carrying capacity (WRCC), which is an important constraining factor in relation to socioeconomic development and the ecological environment. The AHP-CRITIC weighting method was applied to determine the index weighting, and WRCC dynamics during 2011–2016 were analysed and evaluated quantitatively using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The results revealed the following. (1) During 2011–2016, the comprehensive score of the WRCC was <0.4, indicating poor WRCC. (2) The degree membership of the average evaluation results to V1, V2, and V3 increased successively during 2011–2016. The degree membership of V2 in 2011–2013 was greater than that of V3; however, the situation was reversed during 2014–2016. (3) The indices of available amount of water resources per capita, utilization rate of water resources, water supply per capita, modulus of water supply, quota of domestic water demand, and population density were factors that affected the WRCC of Jinan unfavourably. Conversely, the indices of water demand per 10,000 Yuan industrial output value and water use rate of the ecological environment were factors that played positive roles in improving the WRCC.
Impact of strategic managerial accounting techniques on the competitive advantage of Sudanese exports in light of globalization
Authors:   College of Science and Humanities Studies, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Aflaj, Saudi Arabia, Abdelraheem Abubkr Ahmed Elhadi , Hussaien Asaad Mubarak ,   College of Business Administration, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Hota Bani Tamim, Saudi Arabia
Published: November 2020

The main aim of this study is to clarify the impact of strategic managerial accounting techniques on the competitive advantage of Sudanese exports in light of globalization. The study tested one hypothesis is that: There is a significant relationship between applied strategic managerial accounting techniques and supporting the competitive advantage of Sudanese exports in light of globalization. Researchers distributed 70 questionnaires, 65 of them were collected as 92.8%. Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to analyze data. Some of the study findings are: Using target cost enables the continuous improvement of exported products, and this supports the competitiveness of exports globally. Applying ABC enables the appropriate price of products to be determined so that they can continue to compete globally. Producing exported products according to specifications, can reduce costs and increase the quality of the exported products.
Prioritization of Receivers for Minimum Possible Error Boundary in Time Difference of Arrival Algorithm
Authors:   Integrated Test Range, DRDO, Chandipur-756025, Kaity Sourav , Jana Biswapati ,   Vidyasagar University, Midnapore-721102, Gupta P.K. Das ,   Proof and Experimental Establishment, DRDO, Chandipur-756025, Das Lalatendu ,   Integrated Test Range, DRDO, Chandipur-756025
Published: November 2020

Time difference of arrival (TDOA), a widely used passive target tracking technique, is used to derive the position of the target. By applying cross-correlation techniques on signals received by two different receivers one hyperbolic equation can be formed. With the help of a minimum four receiving stations, a unique intersecting point can be derived from hyperbolic equations which give the position of a target precisely. The accuracy of the target position depends upon the geometric location of the receivers with respect to the target location. A simulation study was carried out with seven numbers of a unique relation between target position measurement errors with the average range difference error is established. With the help of the above relation, receivers can be prioritized and four receivers could be placed in best geographical locations. By considering four high prioritized receivers minimum target position measurement error could be achieved. An attempt was focused to draw the error boundary, error factor of target position measurement with the range of the target. And it is clear that the error factor is varying linearly with the range of the target.
Some Results on Weakly Symmetric Kenmotsu Manifolds
Authors:   Department of Mathematics & Computer Science, Mizoram University, Singh J. P. , Lalnunsiami K.
Published: November 2020

In this paper, we investigate weakly symmetric, weakly Ricci symmetric, weakly concircular symmetric and weakly concircular Ricci symmetric properties of a Kenmotsu manifold admitting a semi-symmetric metric connection. Some results on weakly -projectively symmetric Kenmotsu manifold with respect to a semi-symmetric metric connection are obtained. An example of a weakly symmetric and weakly Ricci symmetric Kenmotsu manifold with respect to this connection is constructed.
Artifically intelligent physics solver: This AI understands Newtons law
Authors:   PG and Research Dept. of Physics, Queen Mary’s College, Chennai, Nirmala V. , Rajagopal A. ,   IDRP, Indian Institute of Technology, IIT Madras, Chennai
Published: November 2020

implemented a working prototype of a Deep Learning module that seem to understand Newton’s third law of motion. The networks. In this paper, a Google BERT neural network model was trained using transfer learning technique on a synthetic dataset of simple physics problems within the scope of solving Newton’s third law problems that requires understanding of concepts such as action and reaction, magnitude and direction forces, simple concepts of vectors in physics problems. The of Netwon’s third law assuming certain boundaries on the language model of the word problems. A working prototype of this AI can be accessed at the given website. This paper also contributes the source code for reproducible results. This novel idea can be extended to more science topics. Applications of this interdisciplinary area of AI and physics have impact not just in areas of robotics and computational physics, but also in how science uses AI in the future. In future, more areas of .
New Taxon of Fungal Endophytes from Phrynium capitatum Willd: A Promising Ethnomedicinal Plant in Northeast India and its Systematic and Phylogenetic Analysis
Authors:   Department of Botany, Rajiv Gandhi University, Rono Hills, Doimukh, Itanagar–791112 Arunachal Pradesh, India, Sharma Richa , Tangjang Sumpam , Shukla Amritesh C. ,   Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow–226007, Uttar Pradesh, India
Published: November 2020

The findings of the current study deal with the first time report on the diversity of fungal endophyte from the ethnomedicinal plant- Phrynium capitatum Willd., (Marantaceae). The plant is growing wildly in the forest of Papum Pare, Arunachal Pradesh, India, and traditionally been used for anti-diabetic, antihyperglycemic or analgesic effects. During the investigation, samples of the plant parts, viz., leaves, stem, and roots were collected for isolation of endophytic spp. The endophytic spp were identified based on the morphological, cultural, and reproductive structures (hyaline, ellipsoidal, aseptate, pycnidia, beta conidia, perithecia, asci, and ascospores). Further, the phylogenetic analysis of the isolated species was made, using the sequences of 5.8S and 28S rDNA internal transcribed spacer sequence 1 and 4. The largest number of fungal endophytes (39%) were isolated from the leaves, followed by the roots (31%) and stems (30%). Overall 35 fungal species have been isolated, out of which, thirty-four belongs to the class Ascomycetes, and one from the class zygomycetes. The highest species richness and frequency of colonization were recorded in the leaf. The observations show that Pestalotiopsis longiseta was the most dominant endophytic species followed by Diplodina microsperma, Nodulisporium hinnuleum, Aspergillus flavus , Diaporthe sp., Nigrospora oryzae and Lasiodiplodia viticola. However, Pestalotiopsis neglecta, Sordaria fimicola, Diplodina microsperma, Fusarium incarnatum, Preussia sp., Diaporthe sp., Aureobasidium sp.were common fungal endophytes isolated from P. capitatum
Impact of Optical Booster to Enhance the Gain Bandwidth for Dense Optical Communication System
Authors:   Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering National Institute of Technology, Delhi–110040, India, Kumar Ghanendra , Kumar Chakresh ,   University School of Information, Communication & Technology, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, New Delhi–110078, India
Published: November 2020

This paper explains how the combination of RAMAN and PARA-METRIC amplifier using non-linear fiber components increases the gain bandwidth. Two kinds of configuration of amplifier are demonstrated with gain associated and bit error rate is seen. 15 db gain is measured and flat gain of 5db is measured.
Calorimetric Computation of Enthalpy of Formation of Trisacetylacetonato Chromium(III) [Cr(C5H7O2)3(c)]
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, Lunglei Government College, Lunglei–796701, Mizoram, India, Pathak Madhvendu , Pathak Raghvendu ,   Department of Chemistry, Pachhunga University College, Aizawl–796001, Mizoram, India
Published: November 2020

From thermochemical studies of organometallic compounds, a host of thermodynamic parameters viz., heat capacity, entropy, Gibbs energy etc., can be evaluated. The present communication deals with the evaluation of enthalpy of combustion and thereby estimation of enthalpy of formation of crystalline trisacetylacetonato chromium(III) [Cr (C5H7O2)3 (c)] or [Cr (acac)3 cH) and enthalpy of formation fH° –1 –1 respectively. Experimental data obtained are in good agreement with one another.