bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementation of Project Based Learning in Elementary Schools
Authors: Afitri Afitri
Published: April 2024

This research aims to describe the implementation of project-based learning in the VA class of State Elementary School 131/IV Jambi City. This research was conducted at State Elementary School 131/IV Jambi City. This research is qualitative research with a phenomenological type of research. The data obtained in the research is in the form of descriptions or narratives regarding the implementation of project-based learning in elementary schools for class VA students. The data source in this research is the VA class teacher with the data collection techniques used are observation, interviews and documentation. The results of this research are in the form of a narrative regarding the implementation of project-based learning in elementary school VA classes. The implementation of project-based learning includes learning planning and learning implementation. The application of project-based learning has an impact on the learning process. Students participate directly in creating projects, finding out the use of the projects they create and displaying and explaining the projects in front of the class. Students look active, confident and enthusiastic. From the results of this research it can be concluded that project based learning in the VA class of State Elementary School 131/IV Jambi City in theme 6 subtheme 1 learning 2 science content, in Mathematics Chapter 1 content and theme 6 subtheme 2 learning 2 has been implemented. Project-based learning creates enthusiasm, enthusiasm, confidence and activeness in students during learning.
Clinical utility analysis of the Hoxb8 mast cell activation test for the diagnosis of peanut allergy
Authors: Eggel Alexander , Bachmeier-Zbären Noemi , Celik Alper , Brummelen Robin van , Hoang Jennifer A. , Yin Xiaojun , Ditlof Christina , Duan Lucy , Upton Julia , Kaufmann Thomas , Eiwegger Thomas
Published: April 2024

Background: Peanut allergy is among the most severe and common
food allergies. The diagnosis has a significant impact on the quality of
life for patients and their families. An effective management approach
depends on accurate, safe, and easily implementable diagnostic methods.
We previously developed a cell-based assay using Hoxb8 mast cells (Hoxb8
MCs) aimed at improving clinical allergy diagnosis. In this study we
assessed its diagnostic performance by measuring blinded sera from a
prospectively enrolled and pre-validated peanut allergy cohort.
Methods: Hoxb8 MCs were passively sensitized with sera from
peanut-allergic and peanut tolerant children and adolescents (n=96).
Degranulation of Hoxb8 MCs was quantified upon stimulation with
dose-titrated peanut extract by means of flow cytometry, using CD107a as
activation marker. The results from the Hoxb8 mast cell activation test
(Hoxb8 MAT) were compared to established diagnostic assays such as the
skin prick test (SPT), specific IgE (sIgE) levels, and the basophil
activation test (BAT). Additionally, serum samples from BAT
non-responders were assessed with the Hoxb8 MAT. Results: Hoxb8
MAT displayed a robust dose-dependent activation to peanut extract, with
a cut-off value of ≤5.2% CD107a positive cells. The diagnostic accuracy
was highest at allergen concentrations ≥100 ng/ml, with an area under
the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.97, 93%
sensitivity, and 96% specificity, outperforming traditional SPT and
sIgE tests. When compared to BAT, Hoxb8 MAT exhibited comparable
diagnostic efficacy. However, sera from BAT non-responders were
accurately classified into allergics and non-allergics by the Hoxb8 MAT.
Conclusions: The Hoxb8 MAT demonstrated a very good diagnostic
precision in patients prospectively assessed for peanut allergy
comparable to the fresh blood based BAT. It also demonstrated its value
for accurate classification of BAT non-responders into allergic and
non-allergic individuals. Further investigations into its utility in the
routine clinical setting are warranted.
Red-list of liverwort and hornwort species of Serbia: 2024 assessment
Authors: Sabovljevic Marko , Pantovic Jovana , Sirka Pavel , Vujicic Milorad , Sabovljevic Aneta , Papp Beáta
Published: April 2024

The new extinction risk assessments of hornwort and liverwort species of
Serbia have been completed. Based on the available data, 40% of Serbian
liverwort flora is under threat (status 2024). Additionally, 11% of Serbian
liverwort flora is considered to be Data Deficient (DD) 11% Near Threatened
(NT). These findings clearly indicate the urgent need for field
investigation and species biology research in order to define the major
threats and adequate conservation measures.
Biological activities of Liquidambar orientalis: Antibiofilm, cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and miRNA expressions
Authors: Mutlu Dogukan , Gunal Batikan , Secme Mucahit , Bozbeyoglu Kart , Abban Mete , Mercan Dogan , Semiz Gurkan , Melahat Fenkci , Arslan Sevki
Published: April 2024

Due to its strong biological, pharmacological, and medical activities and
rich chemical content, Liquidambar orientalis, known for its resinous
exudate storax, has a widespread and well-established ethnopharmacological
use. Although it is known that storax has anticancer, antimicrobial,
antioxidant, wound-healing and other ethnomedicinal properties, the number
of existing scientific studies is very limited. In this context, the aims of
this study were to determine the antibiofilm activity of storax and its
cytotoxic and apoptotic effects in A549 lung cancer cells. In addition, with
this study, it is also possible to make a very comprehensive biological
evaluation by determining the effect of storax on certain microRNA
expressions. According to our results, L. orientalis storax decreases cell
proliferation in A549 lung cancer cells and the IC50 value was determined at
31.5 ?g/mL at 24h. Storax also induces apoptosis via upregulating CASP3, 8,
9, and Bax gene expression and downregulating Bcl-2 expressions in A549
cells. Furthermore, storax decreases the expression of miR-146a, miR-21, and
miR-223, while increasing the expression of miR-155. Storax inhibits biofilm
formation and reduces the preformed biofilm of microbial strains including
Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 33862), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) and
Candida albicans (ATCC 64548). The results suggest that storax has strong
cytotoxic, apoptotic and antibiofilm properties and thus promising potential
in medicine.
New records and noteworthy data of plants, algae and fungi in SE Europe and adjacent regions, 17
Authors: Sabovljevic Marko , Tomovic Gordana , Sabovljevic Aneta , Tamas Gabriela , Ștefănuț Sorin , Jankovic Smiljana , Rajcevic Nemanja , Kutnar Lado , Denchev Teodor , Denchev Cvetomir , Djordjevic Vladan , Krdzic Svetlana , Antaloudaki Eleftheria , Kasom Gordana , Stoykov Dimitar , Dimitrov Desislav , Aleksic Gordana , Alvarado Pablo , Cimerman Lobnik , Dolnicar Dren
Published: April 2024

This paper presents new records and noteworthy data on the following taxa in
SE Europe and adjacent regions: hemibiotrophic fungus Juglanconis
juglandina, lichenised fungi Micarea lignaria var. lignaria, Pertusaria
flavicans, and Placidiopsis custnani, parasitic fungi Entyloma gaillardianum
and Stegocintractia luzulae, saprotrophic fungi Hericium coralloides,
Hericium flagellum, and Rosellinia corticium, liverwort Sauteria alpina,
mosses Acaulon triquetrum, Buxbaumia aphylla, and Dicranum viride, monocot
Epipactis palustris and dicots Clinopodium vardarense, Helichrysum doerfleri
and Opopanax chironium subsp. bulgaricum.
Navigation control of an autonomous Ackerman robot in unknown environments by using a lidar-sensing-based fuzzy controller
Authors: Lin Cheng-Jian , Jhang Jyun-Yu , Chuang Chen-Chia
Published: April 2024

In this paper, a real-time navigation control system based on lidar sensing is proposed for use in unknown environments. The proposed system comprises a behavioral controller for controlling an autonomous Ackerman robot for obstacle avoidance in the absence of global map information when moving toward a goal. The adopted obstacle avoidance method is selected by a wall-following fuzzy controller. The input parameter of this controller is the distance between the robot and the wall, which is determined by the lidar sensor, and the output parameter of the controller is the steering angle of the robot for it to reach the destination without collision. To prevent the robot from entering an endless loop, an endless loop escape mechanism is added to the proposed system. The simulation and experimental results of this study indicate that the proposed navigation control system can effectively assist an Ackerman robot to complete the navigation task successfully in unknown environments.
Trend control charts for multiple sclerosis case definitions
Authors: Hamm Naomi , Marrie Ruth Ann , Jiang Depeng , Irani Pourang , Lix Lisa
Published: April 2024

IntroductionThe validity of chronic disease case definitions for administrative health data may change over time due to changes in data quality. Trend control charts to identify out-of-control (OOC; i.e., unexpected) observations in a time series may indicate where disease estimates are influenced by changes in data quality.
ObjectiveApply and compare trend control charts methods for multiple sclerosis (MS) incidence and prevalence estimates using previously-validated case definitions for Manitoba, Canada.
MethodsEight case definitions were identified from published literature and applied to Manitoba administrative health data from January 1, 1972 to December 31, 2018. Incidence and prevalence trends were modeled using negative binomial and generalized estimating equation models, respectively. Trend control charts were used to plot predicted case counts against observed case counts. Control limits to identify OOC observations were calculated using two methods: predicted case count ±0.8*standard deviation (0.8*SD) and predicted case count ±2*standard deviation (2*SD). Differences in proportion of OOC observations across case definitions was assessed using McNemar's test.
ResultsThe proportion of OOC observations ranged from 0.71 to 0.90 for incidence and 0.72 to 0.98 for prevalence when using the 0.8*SD control limits. A lower proportion of OOC observations (0.46 to 0.74 for incidence; 0.30 to 0.74 for prevalence) was observed for the 2*SD control limits. Neither method resulted in significant differences in OOC observations across case definitions.
ConclusionsThe proportion of OOC observations in trend control charts varied with the control limit method adopted, but statistical significance did not. Trend control charts are a potentially useful tool for developing surveillance methods, but may benefit from disease-specific calibrated control limits.
Antecipações de recebíveis efetuadas por empresas em débito com a Fazenda Pública, por créditos tributários regularmente inscritos como dívida ativa – não configuração da presunção de fraude, a que alude o Art. 185, do CTN – questões conexas
Authors: Carrazza Roque Antonio
Published: April 2024

A presunção de fraude prevista no art. 185, do Código Tributário Nacional, deve se restringir à alienação de bens do ativo não-circulante (ativo fixo) da pessoa jurídica em débito com a Fazenda Pública, por créditos tributários regularmente inscritos como dívida ativa. Como corolário, é juridicamente regular a venda dos bens do ativo circulante da empresa, bem como a antecipação dos recebíveis, a esse título, porque lhe garantem o capital de giro, indispensável à mantença de suas operações.
Amizade e direito, as extremidades umbilicais da justiça:
Authors: Tondinelli Tiago
Published: April 2024

O Direito contemporâneo foi fortemente influenciado pela teoria contratualista, com enfoque no positivismo, de modo que a norma, em sentido amplo, foi comparada a um sinalagma em que impera a obrigação. A viravolta fenomenológica contratual causou ampliação de hedonismo social, perspectiva oposta ao prevalente no período medieval, quando prioritários os valores éticos e a confiança, matizados na amizade, pretéritos à formação da norma.
Theories and Methods of Consciousness
Authors: Mocombe Paul C.
Published: April 2024

This work explores the ontological theories, and their methodologies, regarding the origins and nature of consciousness in the multiverse.  The paper critically assesses Mocombe’s consciousness field theory within the larger body of contemporary ontological debates, and their methodologies, regarding the nature, origin, and constitution of consciousness, especially human consciousness, in the world.
mujeres, entre el derecho humano al trabajo y el desempleo: el caso del Partido de La Matanza
Authors: Lazarte María Belén
Published: April 2024

Este trabajo abordará la problemática existente del desempleo y las precarias condiciones laborales a las que acceden las mujeres en el marco del Derecho Humano al Trabajo, tomando como objeto de estudio el caso del partido de La Matanza.
Partiendo del marco normativo vigente que consagra el derecho al trabajo y en consonancia, la regulación de las condiciones laborales, la estabilidad en el empleo, el derecho a la seguridad social, la protección contra el despido y el desempleo, el derecho humano al trabajo se encuentra relacionado con otros derechos humanos, todos en torno a la dignidad de la persona humana. En el ejercicio de dichos derechos en el ámbito laboral destaca el principio de igualdad, el cual implica la igualdad entre varones y mujeres y la prohibición contra la discriminación. Por eso también resulta relevante tener en consideración el impacto del género en la cuestión social del trabajo.
Partiendo de esto y de acuerdo a las estadísticas del INDEC y el Ministerio de Economía, la problemática del desempleo afecta a las mujeres en mayor proporción en comparación con los varones. Sin perjuicio de la validez y vigencia de cuerpos normativos a escala internacional y nacional, las mujeres de Argentina y del partido de La Matanza se encuentran afectadas en su derecho al trabajo y por tanto en su dignidad al contar con menos oportunidades de acceso al mundo formal del trabajo y a la posibilidad de gozar de este derecho humano.
Feminismo y comunidades sadeanas en María Moreno
Authors: Molina Cristian
Published: April 2024

Nos proponemos abordar la imaginación sadeana en la escritura de María Moreno, tanto en sus notas periodísticas, como en dos de sus narraciones: El affair Skeffington (1992) y El petiso orejudo (1994). La entendemos como inflexión singular de una imaginación en común que atraviesa otras temporalidades y culturas. Moreno modula lo sadeano con el feminismo, produciendo una ambivalencia ideológica y sexogenérica. En sus notas periodistas, Sade libera y oprime el sexo; en sus narraciones, Sade permite la emergencia de comunidades sexodisidentes que habilitan otro modo de vida o que ponen en vilo la misma mediante la criminalidad. La metodología que empleamos corresponde a la investigación transdisciplinaria a partir de la literatura argentina contemporánea.
Exploring consumer perception and preference factors influencing carbonated beverage purchase decisions: A comprehensive study
Authors: Nagina Razia , Kaur Jaskiran , Qazi Sayeeduzzafar , Bhalla Pretty , Mir Alam Mohammad
Published: April 2024

Carbonated soft drinks (CSDs) have long been a mainstay of the beverage business but changing consumer tastes and rising health awareness have necessitated a thorough study of the variables impacting consumer choices. This study intends to explore the complex web of customer preferences, purchasing behaviour, and perceptions related to carbonated soft drinks. This research analyses how numerous variables, including gender, affect these preferences and choices via careful examination. The purpose of thepresent research is to determine the perception of consumer influencing customer choice preferences for the consumption of carbonated soft drinks, influence of gender and the role of advertisement in finalizing the choice. It would be helpful to do further research to better understand how these highlighted variables affect purchasing choices, especially gender-based variances. The important influence of gender on consumer behaviour has been acknowledged. For this study, a structured questionnaire was distributed through online social media to individuals of 12–45 years of age from the period of April–May 2023. For analysis of the data collected, SPSS 22.0 was used. The study has confirmed that consumption of Coca-Cola is higher than any other soft drink in almost the entire country. The factors like youthfulness, tradition, status symbol and level of carbonation have different influences on the buying behavior of male and female consumers.
Catalina de Miranda, una mujer que arrienda casas de mancebía en la Granada rural del siglo XVI
Authors: Díez Jiménez Maribel
Published: April 2024

Independientemente de la clasificación moral de la actividad, la prostitución ha generado y lo sigue haciendo, grandes ingresos económicos en las arcas de ciertos sectores sociales. El funcionamiento organizado de este negocio y trabajo, en términos generales, se ha vinculado a espacios urbanos y de control masculino. Desde aquí se amplía dicha perspectiva con la participación directa de la gestión y el capital femenino, así como el radio de acción del monopolio de las mancebías en pequeñas villas y lugares alejados de las grandes ciudades, y en un período diferenciado a inicios de la Modernidad. El caso de Catalina de Miranda actúa de amplificador ante un fenómeno, que, si bien desde el feminismo no se considera modélico, desde el histórico y sociológico debemos resituar y analizar.
Tipos de retroalimentación para la lectura estratégica en clases masivas
Authors: Colmenares Vázquez Ligia , Torres López Guadalupe Yamilet , Santoyo Velasco Carlos
Published: April 2024

La retroalimentación es indispensable para el desarrollo de habilidades durante la formación profesional, aunque es un reto llevarlo a la práctica eficientemente en las clases masivas de las universidades. Para comparar el efecto de dos tipos de retroalimentación sobre el desempeño en la lectura estratégica, se condujo una intervención instruccional con un diseño cuasiexperimental. Dos grupos focales (N1=39 y N2= 23) de estudiantes de segundo semestre de licenciatura que participaban en clases grandes, realizaron cuatro ejercicios con el Modelo de Análisis Estratégico de Textos. Como retroalimentación a sus ejecuciones, uno de los grupos recibió por escrito un mensaje con los criterios de logro de la tarea. El segundo recibió tutorías personalizadas con apoyo de seis estudiantes avanzados entrenados. Las respuestas al MAEtxt se recolectaron en línea y se calificaron mediante una rúbrica. Un ANOVA de medidas repetidas identificó diferencias entre los puntajes iniciales y finales de ambos grupos, y el análisis de frecuencias muestra que las tutorías promueven más respuestas de alta calidad. Ambos tipos de retroalimentación mostraron efectividad. Se recomienda el uso de tutorías cuando sea posible, pero la retroalimentación mediante las definiciones de criterio puede ser también valiosa si no hubiese recursos adicionales.
Effects of kinematics and kinetics parameters of the vertical drop jump test on differences between the sexes and dominant and non-dominant feet
Authors: Sudo Daisuke , Hosokawa Masato , Maeda Yusuke
Published: April 2024

Study aim: This study clarified the relationship between sex and dominant and non-dominant feet during landing movements in the vertical drop jump (VDJ).

Materials and methods: The participants were 16 healthy adults (8 men, 8 women) with no orthopedic history. A three-dimensional motion analyzer and a floor reaction force meter were used for measurement. The exercise task was a VDJ in which the participants jumped from a 30-cm-high platform, and the relationship between sex, dominant leg, and non-dominant leg was compared.

Results: In terms of joint angle, the main effect of sex on the internal/external knee joint angle was observed. No significant differences were observed in the other parameters.

Conclusions: A sex difference was found in the internal/external angles of the knee joint during the landing of the VDJ from 30 cm. However, there were no differences in the kinematic and kinetic data between the dominant and non-dominant legs.
Justification of Technological and Design Parameters of Polder Drainage Systems by an Optimization Approach
Authors: Volk Pavlo , Rokochynskiy Anatoliy , Volk Liubov , Chugai Yevhen , Tykhenko Ruslan , Openko Ivan , Tykhenko Olha
Published: April 2024

A system optimization method was used, which consists in the consistent justification of optimal technological and constructive solutions and parameters of drainage polder systems during the development of their projects. This is done in compliance with modern economic and environmental requirements according to criteria and models for di erent levels of management decision-making over time (project, planned operation). Based on the performed relevant predictive and optimization calculations for the conditions of the real object, the following three tasks have been accomplished. (1) The optimal pump module at the stage of operation for the existing polder drainage system has been substantiated. (2) The design of the pumping unit and the parameters of its components during the reconstruction of the polder drainage system have been improved. This made it possible to reduce the load on the pumping equipment, the duration of its operation, and the cost of electricity by 20–40%, depending on the water level of the year. The improvement was carried out by the diversion of the corresponding part of the surface runo with additionally introduced gravity elements in the form of a puncture in the body of the protective dam and a siphon intake. (3) We have substantiated the optimal water regulation technology for the existing polder drainage system in modern and forecast weather and climate conditions, which will ensure the maintenance of the necessary water-air regime of the drained soils in di erent phases of the growing season of agricultural crops. This will make it possible, on demand, to increase the energy and general environmental and economic e ciency during their creation and functioning of the polder drainage system in accordance with modern changing conditions.
Optimization of food-grade bioactive compound extraction from plant sources by response surface methodology approach: A comprehensive review
Authors: Karabegoić Ivana , Stojanović Sandra Stamenković , Mančić Stojan , Đorđević Natalija , Malićanin Marko , Danilović Bojana
Published: April 2024

This comprehensive review delves into the extensive application of response surface methodology (RSM), a prominent mathematical and statistical technique, for modeling and optimizing the extraction of food-grade bioactive compounds from plant sources. The paper elucidates the optimization approach, covering experimental design, empirical models for response prediction, and the utilization of the desirability function for multiple response optimization. RSM provides a contemporary means to concurrently analyze and optimize various factors, presenting mathematical models for enhancing extraction processes efficiently. The review showcases RSM applications in traditional extraction techniques such as classical solvent extraction, Soxhlet extraction, and hydrodistillation, with a focus on factors like extraction time, temperature, ratio of plant material to solvent, and solvent concentration. The economic feasibility of RSM-optimized extraction processes is discussed, encompassing considerations of processing time, solvent consumption, and overall cost reduction. Critical aspects and challenges related to RSM implementation in extraction optimization are addressed, underscoring the significance of appropriate experimental design, model accuracy, and the incorporation of multiple responses for comprehensive optimization. The review concludes by emphasizing the pivotal role of RSM in guiding rational and efficient extraction processes for various valuable natural compounds from plant materials.
How do Porosity, Size and Interconnectivity of Pores Influence The Values of the Archie Equation Exponents in Carbonate and Sandy Rocks?
Authors: Batista Juliana Targino , Soares José Agnelo , Sobrinho Anne Beatrice Guedes , Moraes Nathália Amorim Lima de
Published: April 2024

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the exponents of the Archie equation in order to support the evaluation of hydrocarbon or groundwater reserves through electrical resistivity measurements of subsurface rocks.
 
Theoretical Framework: The Archie equation describes the relationship between the electrical resistivity of a rock and its water saturation and depends on the cementation (m) and saturation (n) exponents. Several authors state that electrical resistivity and the exponents m and n depend on the size, geometry, and connectivity of the pores.
 
Method: This article applies the finite element method to simulate the propagation of the electric field in digital rock models and thus evaluate the Archie exponents.
 
Results and Discussion: Our results indicate that the relationship between these exponents and pore attributes is different for values below or above a threshold. The variables with the greatest influence on m are the porosity of macropores and their interconnectivity, as well as the volumetric fraction of the microporous phase. As for the saturation exponent, the variables with the greatest influence are the porosity of macropores and the interconnectivity of both potentially conductive domains.
 
Research Implications: The practical and theoretical implications of this research are discussed, providing insights into how the results can be applied or influence practices in the field of underground natural resource assessment. These implications may cover the sectors of hydrocarbon production, groundwater, geo-environmental investigations, and geotechnical studies.
 
Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by presenting an innovative method for determining the exponents of the Archie equation. The relevance and value of this research are evidenced by its high economic impact on the aforementioned sectors and by its applicability anywhere.
Exploring determinants of Indonesia's financial inclusion level: Based on 2017 Global Findex data
Authors: Susilowati Indah , Fikri Muhammad Kanzul , Sari Devy Mayang , Razak Abdul , Khasanah Uswatun , Djatayu Mentari Anggun , Suciati Ika
Published: April 2024

This research aims to analyze the influence of income level, education level, gender, and age level on the three main indicators of financial inclusion, namely the probability of having an account at a formal financial institution, the probability of saving at a formal financial institution, and the probability of borrowing from a formal financial institution in Indonesia on 2017. Data was obtained from Global Findex 2017 using a purposive sampling method. This research uses a logistic regression analysis method with an assisted logit estimation model using Stata 16 software. The research results show that when estimating the probability of account ownership levels at formal financial institutions, only the variable gender shows insignificant results. In contrast, the other variables show significant negative values. In the model for estimating the probability of saving at formal financial institutions, two variables are not significant, namely age and gender, while other variables show significant negative results. Finally, on the probability of borrowing from formal financial institutions, only the basic education level variable shows significant negative results, while the other variables show insignificant results. The implications of this research provide insight into income, education, gender, and age and their impact on financial inclusion.
PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS, LEVERAGE, DAN UKURAN PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP MANAJEMEN LABA
Authors: Laili Najmul , Wahyuni Nining Ika , Miqdad Muhammad
Published: April 2024

The fundamental goal of this research is to investigate the impact of various, debt, and company size play a role in the adoption of earnings management techniques. Companies in the banking sector that were traded on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) were the primary focus of the study, both in terms of the population and the sample. During the sampling phase, the researchers used a purposive sample strategy. The sample consisted of a total of 32 businesses. Descriptive statistics, tests of classical assumptions, multiple linear regression, analysis of coefficient of determination, F-test, and t-test were all used to compile this report. As can be seen from the data, the profitability variable does not play a significant role in the process of earnings management. Earnings management appears to be influenced by both the leverage variable and the firm's size.
Apuntes para una historia ambiental de la industria petrolera en México: algunas reflexiones y consideraciones
Authors: Aguilar Aguilar Cándido Eugenio
Published: April 2024

El presente artículo destaca la pertinencia del uso de ciertos conceptos de las ciencias sociales para la comprensión de la historia ambiental de la industria petrolera en México, tales como democracia del carbono, ecología del petróleo, paisaje petrolero, extractivismo petrolero y conflicto socioambiental. La metodología utilizada consiste en una revisión bibliográfica de autores y autoras que han hecho aportes teórico-conceptuales significativos a partir de su aplicación en el campo de la historia, ciencia política, antropología, economía y sociología.
Palabras clave: Historia ambiental, democracia del carbono, paisaje petrolero, ecología del petróleo, extractivismo petrolero, conflicto socioambiental.
Pelatihan Microsoft Word pada Siswa dan Siswi di SMA Negeri 1 Tapung Hulu
Authors: Anjani Sri , Megawati
Published: April 2024

Kegiatan Pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan sebagai bentuk implementasi kerja praktek mahasiswa system informasi. Berdasarkan observasi yang sudah dilakukan di SMA Negeri 1 Tapung Hulu secara umum siswa/siswi SMA Negeri 1 Tapung Hulu sudah mengenal computer namun pengetahuan dalam menggunakan Microsoft Word masih sangat minim dan masih banyak siswa yang kurang memahami fungsi dan kegunaan dari Microsoft Word itu sendiri. Hal ini terjadi karena tidak adanya ekstrakurikuler computer karena kurangnya tenaga kerja dan kondisi lingkungan yang tidak memungkinkan. Melalui pengabdian masyarakat yang  dilaksanakan di SMA Negeri 1 Tapung Hulu bertujuan untuk membantu mengajarkan kepada siswa dan siswi tentang menjalankan computer khususnya untuk belajar dasar – dasar Microsoft Word. Pelatihan ini diharapkan dapat mempermudah peserta didik dalam melakukan pengolahan kata di Microsoft Word. Metode yang digunakan dalam upaya mencapai target atau tujuan yang telah direncanakan adalah metode pelatihan. Hasil dari pelaksanaan kegiatan ini hampir seluruh peserta pelatihan memahami materi yang telah disampaikan, dengan hasil angket berupa kuisioner sebanyak 32% atau 8 peserta sangat paham tentang materi yang diberikan selama pelatihan, 60% atau 15 peserta paham, dan 8% atau 2 orang peserta kurang paham.
Kata kunci : Microsoft Word, Pengabdian Masyarakat, Pelatihan
المرويات التفسيرية في كتاب المسند , للإمام الشافعي – رحمه الله - ( ت: 204 هـ ) سورة الأحزاب انموذجا "عرض ودراسة"
Authors: مخلف عبد الفهداوي جمال محمد , صالح العلياوي نافع حميد
Published: April 2024

يهدف البحث إلى دراسة المرويات التفسيرية في كتاب المسند, للإمام الشافعي –رحمه الله – (ت: 204 ه) سورة الأحزاب انموذجاً " عرض ودراسة " , فغاية الدراسة معرفة الحكم على الحديث عن طريق ترجمة رواة السند ومعرفة أقوال علماء الجرح والتعديل , ثم بيان المعنى العام بذكر سبب النزول وذلك يوصلنا إلى تفسير الآية ثم استخراج الفوائد المستنبطة منها .
التركيب اللغوي في شعر أحمد مطلوب في ديوانه رفيف المنى أنموذجاً
Authors: حبيب داود خولة مالك
Published: April 2024

ومما لا ريب فيه أنّ لغتنا العربية تزخر بتراكيب متعددة ولكل تركيب طريقته وأغراضه، ومن بين التراكيب التي وقفت عليها في ديوان رفيف المنى للشاعر أحمد مطلوب الاستفهام والنداء والشرط، وتحليل التراكيب اللغوية التي وردت فيها، وبيان براعته في استعمالها في شعره وتطويعها في جميع أشكالها وألوانها اللغوية، وكشف الجوانب الإبداعية فيها.
Clarifying Jus Cogens, Erga Omnes and the Place of Third-party Countermeasures in International Law
Authors: Mateus Simon
Published: April 2024

There is substantial support in literature of the idea that all norms of jus cogens are erga omnes, in that they produce obligations applicable towards all states. However, not all obligations erga omnes invariably flow from a jus cogens characterisation. Indeed, although this is the case, there is no simple criterion by which one can determine the extent of the overlap between jus cogens and erga omnes. This relationship is further complicated by questions relating to the kind of measures that states may be permitted to take in order to protect or ensure compliance with obligations erga omnes, bringing to light, the debates surrounding the concept and the place of third-party countermeasures regarding state responsibility. Against this backdrop, this article will assess the concept of obligations erga omnes, its relationship with jus cogens as well as the legal position and the place of third-party countermeasures in relation to the protection of obligations erga omnes and/or as a way of invoking state responsibility by reacting to breaches of international law obligations with erga omnes status.
Associations Between Back Pain Incidence, and Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors: A Prospective Cohort Study With Data From Over 365 000 Participants
Authors: Zhang Yong-Hui , Xu Hao-Ran , Yang Qi-Hao , Du Shu-Hao , Su Xuan , Zheng Yi-Li , Peng Meng-Si , Wang Xue-Qiang
Published: April 2024

OBJECTIVE: To examine the associations between (1) various types of physical activity and the risk of back pain incidence, and (2) the influence of substituting sedentary behaviors with physical activities on back pain incidence.

DESIGN: A prospective cohort study.

METHODS: We analyzed UK Biobank data collected from 365 307 participants who were free of back pain at baseline. The exposures were total, light, moderate, and vigorous physical activity, and sedentary behaviors. The outcome was back pain incidence. The main statistical models were the Cox proportional hazard model and the isotemporal substitution model.

RESULTS: In the follow-up time (median, 12.97 years; interquartile range, 12.10-13.71), 25 189 individuals developed back pain. The associations between all types of physical activity and incident back pain were significantly nonlinear ( P<.001) among the general population and other subgroups. High physical activity was associated with a decreased risk of back pain compared with no physical activity. The lowest risk occurred in the 1801-to-2400 MET-min/week (metabolic-equivalent minutes per week) subgroup of total physical activity (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.64; 95% CI: 0.59, 0.69), approximately consisting of 1200, 600, and 600 MET-min/week of light, moderate, and vigorous physical activity, respectively. Extremely high vigorous physical activity was related to high risk, specifically in males (HR = 1.13; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.25). Replacing 1 hour/day of sedentary behaviors with an equal time of physical activity reduced the risk of incident back pain by 2% to 8% ( P<.05).

CONCLUSION: Physical activity was related to a reduced risk of back pain incidence (except over high vigorous physical activity). Substituting sedentary behaviors with physical activities reduced the risk of future back pain. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2024;54(7):468-476. Epub 30 April 2024. doi:10.2519/jospt.2024.12338
The Interplay of Anemia and Cardiovascular Disease in Pregnant Women and APGAR Scores of their Newborn: A Retrospective Study in Pregnant Women
Authors: Kumar Ravi , Goyal Palak , Khan Huma
Published: April 2024

Objectives:

The implications of maternal anemia extend beyond the immediate physiological consequences; moreover, the consequences of maternal anemia are not limited to the mother alone. It may lead to low Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, and Respiration (APGAR) scores. It, further, adds up to higher incidence of morbidity rates in neonates. The objective of the study is to assess the prevalence and severity of anemia during pregnancy, to establish a correlation between maternal hemoglobin (Hb) levels and APGAR scores in newborns, and determine the association between cardiovascular disease and severity of anemia.

Materials and Methods:

A retrospective study was conducted at a private medical college in Bareilly from March 2022 to March 2023. The study focused on pregnant females aged 15–49 years who were admitted and delivered within the facilities of the private medical college during this period. Pregnant females with pre-existing chronic conditions affecting Hb levels were excluded from the study. A total of 130 subjects were included in the study, and their Hb levels and APGAR scores at 1 min were considered for analysis.

Results:

The results show a spearmen rank correlation coefficient (r) = 0.575 between maternal Hb levels and APGAR scores at 1 min, indicating a significant positive relationship (P < 0.05). Infants born to mothers with moderate anemia exhibited the highest prevalence of low APGAR scores (<4), highlighting the potential impact of maternal anemia on immediate neonatal well-being. No significant association was found between cardiovascular diseases in pregnancy and severity of anemia.

Conclusion:

The findings indicate that the optimization of maternal Hb levels is a critical intervention to ensure a healthier start for the neonate. This study provides a crucial foundation for evidence-based practices in maternal healthcare and neonatal well-being. Focus on improving maternal Hb provides multifaceted benefits both in mothers and neonates.
Co(III)-Catalyzed Coupling of Enaminones with Oxadiazolones for Imidazole Synthesis
Authors: Fan Shuaixin , Wu Weiping , Su Yachun , Han Xuanzhen , Wang Zhixin , Zhu Jin
Published: April 2024

Skeleton speciation-oriented synthesis as the conventional wisdom of synthetic methodology development prioritizes skeleton as the center of attention for organic speciation, the creation of organic species with differentiated structure-defining feature. The passive as-is assembly of appendages as a secondary accessory inevitably leads to the convergence of appendage pattern on skeleton. We report herein a synthetic practice of appendage speciation-oriented synthesis, emphasizing appendages as the focal point for organic speciation. This synthetic modality seeks, proactively, the maximization of type-, position-, and configuration-variance of appendages through both in situ and ex situ appendage speciation. A Co(III) catalytic protocol in accord with this synthetic modality has been established for coupling of enaminones and oxadiazolones to imidazoles, allowing the achievement of full position-variance of appendages. This translates to expanded reaction and structural development scope and can provide a fertile ground for productive organic synthesis.
Conformational Dynamics and Energetics of Carbon Nanohoops and their Ring-In-Ring Complexes
Authors: Geue Niklas , Freiberger Markus , Frühwald Stefan , Görling Andreas , Drewello Thomas , Barran Perdita
Published: April 2024

Carbon nanohoops are promising precursors for the bottom-up synthesis of carbon nanotubes, whose structural dynamics are not well understood despite their desirable materials properties. Here, we investigate the conformational landscape and energetics of cycloparaphenylenes (CPPs) and similar derivatives, including a methylene-bridged CPP and a carbon nanobelt. These nanohoops can form host-guest complexes with other rings, and understanding the dynamics of such assemblies is crucial for predicting their properties and identifying their potential applications. We used a combination of ion mobility mass spectrometry, tandem mass spectrometry, density-functional theory calculations and collision cross section simulations to characterise the single nanohoops and their ring-in-ring complexes, following their energetics and the conformational landscape of their disassembly from intact complexes to fragment ions. Our results show both rings and ring-in-ring complexes possess structural rigidity and reveal interesting trends in size, packing density, stability, and structure between [6]CPP, the methylene-bridged CPP and the carbon nanobelt as guests in ring-in-ring complexes, showing how mass spectrometry data can help to unravel the rules that govern the formation of such assemblies.
Incubation of Amyloidogenic Peptides in Reverse Micelles Allow Active Control of Oligomer Size and Study of Protein–Protein Interactions
Authors: Chang Han-Wen , Yang Chien-I , Chan Jerry Chun Chung
Published: April 2024

Studies of the structure and dynamics of oligomeric aggregates of amyloidogenic peptides pose challenges due to their transient nature. This concept article provides a brief overview of various nucleation mechanisms with reference to the classical nucleation theory and illustrates the advantages of incubating amyloidogenic peptides in reverse micelles (RMs). The use of RMs not only facilitates size regulation of oligomeric aggregates but also provides an avenue to explore protein–protein interactions among the oligomeric aggregates of various amyloidogenic peptides. Additionally, we envision the feasibility of preparing brain tissue-derived oligomeric aggregates using RMs, potentially advancing the development of monoclonal antibodies with enhanced potency against these pathological species in vivo.
Controlling carbodiimide-driven reaction networks through the reversible formation of pyridine adducts
Authors: Salvia William S. , Mantel Georgia , Saha Nirob K. , Rajawasam Chamoni W. H. , Konkolewicz Dominik , Hartley C. Scott
Published: April 2024

Carbodiimide-driven anhydride formation from carboxylic acids is useful in a variety of non-equilibrium systems. While multiple strategies to control deactivation rates (anhydride hydrolysis) have been reported, control over activation rates (anhydride formation) is currently limited. We show that pyridines reversibly form adducts with 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide methiodide in water. These adducts are unreactive with carboxylic acids and thus reduce the anhydride formation rate while prolonging carbodiimide lifetime. The best results are obtained with 4-methoxypyridine. This strategy can be used to control the formation of transient polymer network hydrogels, in one example increasing the time to reach peak modulus by 86% and the lifetime by 43%.
Cationic, Aromatic Acyl Donors for Directing Protein Acylation Using non-Covalent Interactions
Authors: Kuehl Nicholas , Pham Hieu , Ault Joseph , Taylor Michael
Published: April 2024

Chemical acylation of biomolecules is one of the most important and fundamental bioconjugation reactions but generates statistical mixtures of conjugates that are difficult to control synthetically. Here, we explore the concept of small molecule acylation agent design in which the leaving group is capable of engaging in non-covalent interactions that can direct the acyl group to specific nucleophiles on a biomolecule. We achieved this through the systematic optimization of a cationic, aromatic ester that engages in peptide N-terminal labelling at physiological pH and can enable preparative scale peptide acylation in good yields. We explore the origin of the observed selectivity through the labelling of a model peptide through substituent effects using differing N-terminal residues. Expanding complexity to the acylation of proteins, protein mixtures, and a HELA cell proteome reveals that cationic, aromatic acyl donors label amine nucleophiles with very short reaction times and with highly distinct selectivity compared to classical N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) esters. Assessment across these mediums indicated that labelling selectivity/reactivity is likely directed by cation-π, dispersion, and electrostatic interactions, whilst NHS esters show sensitivity to steric environments.
Changes in admission rates to an Aotearoa New Zealand hospital general medical service during COVID-19 lockdowns
Authors: Tripp David , Eathorne Allie , Bai Xiaohan , Truong Wolf
Published: April 2024

aim: To better understand the reasons for reduced hospital admissions to a hospital general medicine service during COVID-19 lockdowns. methods: A statistical model for admission rates to the General Medicine Service at Wellington Hospital, Aotearoa New Zealand, since 2015 was constructed. This model was used to estimate changes in admission rates for transmissible and non-transmissible diagnoses during and following COVID-19 lockdowns for total admissions and various sub-groups. results: For the 2020 lockdown (n=734 admissions), the overall rate ratio of admissions was 0.71 compared to the pre-lockdown rate. Non-transmissible diagnoses, which constitute 87% of admissions, had an admission rate ratio of 0.77. Transmissible diagnoses, constituting 13% of admissions, had an admission rate ratio of 0.44. Reductions in admissions did not exacerbate existing ethnic disparities in access to health services. The lag in recovery of admission rates was more pronounced for transmissible than non-transmissible diagnoses. The 2021 lockdown (n=105 admissions) followed this pattern, but was of shorter duration with small numbers, and therefore measures were frequently not statistically significant. conclusions: The biggest relative reduction in hospital admission was due to a reduction in transmissible illness admissions, likely due to COVID-related public health measures. However, the biggest reduction in absolute terms was in non-transmissible illnesses, where hospital avoidance may be associated with increased morbidity or mortality.
Metabolik sindromun tərkib hissəsi kimi qeyri-alkoqol mənşəli qaraciyər piylənmə xəstəliyi
Authors: İmanov Z.
Published: April 2024

Qeyri-alkoqolmənşəli qaraciyər piylənmə xəstəliyi, müasir məlumatlara görə, dünyada ən çox görülən qaraciyər xəstəliyidir. Qeyri-alkoqolmənşəli qaraciyər piylənmə xəstəliyinin inkişafı və formalaşması, son məlumatlaragörə, qaraciyər lobullarını təşkil edən hüceyrə elementlərində lipidlərin yığılması ilə əlaqədardır. Təqdim olunan icmaldaqeyri-alkoqolmənşəli qaraciyər piylənmə xəstəliyi ilə ürək-damar xəstəlikləri arasındakı əlaqənin müxtəlif aspektlərinə diqqət yetirilir, çünki bu şərtlər arasında sıx patogenetik əlaqənin olması nəzərdə tutulur. Qeyri-alkoqolmənşəli qaraciyər piylənmə xəstəliyiilə ürək-damar patologiyasının sürətli formalaşması ilə birbaşa əlaqəli metabolik sindrom arasında sıx əlaqəyə dair dəlillər mövcuddur. Bu patogenetik əlaqənin səbəbləri hazırda intensiv şəkildə öyrənilməyə davam edir. İcmalda bu mövzuya həsr olunmuş toplanmış biliklər təqdim olunur.