bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALYSIS OF THE INFECTIVITY OF CHORDODES NOBILII LARVAE (GORDIIDA, NEMATOMORPHA)
Authors: Achiorno Cecilia Luján , De Villalobos Cristina , Ferrari Lucrecia
Published: April 2017

The gordiids, freshwater representatives of the parasite phylum Nematomorpha, function as a link between aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems; but despite the Gordiida's ecologic relevance, further studies are still needed to elucidate different aspects of the biology of the class—and among those, the infective capacity, a parameter that can be evaluated by the infection index mean abundance (IIMA). A knowledge of the intrinsic variability in the infective capacity of Chordodes nobilii would warrant priority in order to establish the range of acceptable responses for normal or standard conditions in the laboratory and to compare the criteria among different assays. Therefore, the objective of this study was to establish a baseline value for the infective capacity for Aedes aegypti larvae of the gordiid C. nobilii under controlled laboratory conditions by employing the IIMA as the evaluation parameter. To that end, we analyzed the infective capacity of C. nobilii larvae that had hatched from different strings of eggs laid in the laboratory by a total of 12 females. Our results enabled the corroboration of an ample range of responses in the infective capacity of this species, which characteristic would be linked to the female of origin of the hatch. Because this relationship prevents the establishment of a baseline for making comparisons among assays with gordiids through the IIMA as a response parameter, we recommend expressing the IIMA values in each assay relative to their respective controls. These findings also provide evidence for the greater success in infections by certain members of the progeny over others. Finally, on the basis of the results obtained from this study, we stress the relevance of the use of the IIMA as a final/definitive point to consider in different studies on the biology of the Gordiida.
Composición florística, estructura y biomasa de los bosques de pino-encino en la reserva Santa Rosa, Tisey, Estelí, Nicaragua
Authors: Siles G. Pablo , Talavera Patricia , Andino Rugama Flavia , Alaniz Lester , Ortiz González William
Published: April 2017

The pine-oak forest is distributed from Central Mexico to the North of Nicaragua and represent an important ecosystem for conservation in Mesoamerica. In Nicaragua, several protected areas were established for the preservation of this ecosystem, such as the natural reserve Tisey-Estanzuela; however, this forest is considered susceptible to degradation, due to increasing deforestation and agricultural activities, besides being a narrow ecological niche (700 to 1500 masl). We studied the floristic composition, forest structure and biomass along an altitude gradient dominated by Pinus-Quercus in forest stands on the highlands of Esteli, Northern Nicaragua. A vegetation survey on 15 plots (0.1 ha = 20x50 m) was carried out to identify patterns of tree density and diversity, and carbon stocks. In each plot, all the woody stems with diameter greater or equal to 2.5 cm were identified to species and the diameter at breast height and total height were measured. A total amount of 1 081 individuals of 24 species (17 families and 21 genera) were registered, being Q. sapotifolia, P. maximinoi, C. vicentina, M. coriacea and S. gladulosum the most abundant species representing 92% of the individuals. Three forest associations were defined based on the abundance and dominance of Q. sapotifolia, P. maximinoi and the other species, two of those associations were dominated by Pinus (pine forest and pine-oak forest) at altitudes between 1 300 to 1 400 masl, while the third association, dominated by oak and other species (Cletha vicentina, Myrsine coriaceae and Sapium glandulosum), was found mainly at altitudes higher than 1 400 masl. Tree composition and species richness was influenced significantly by the dominance of Pinus, showing a negative correlation between the dominance and species richness of broadleaved trees other than Quercus spp. with the dominance of Pinus spp. (P < 0.001). However, the association dominated by Pinus, presented higher stem volume and biomass compared with other associations. The results from this study suggest that stands with both, an oak- or oak-pine-dominated canopy, presented the highest diversity, while Pinus dominated stands presented lower tree diversity, but higher aerial biomass and carbon storage. For this reason, we suggest that the strategies for ecosystem service payments as carbon sequestration or biodiversity conservation, must take into account differences in the type of forest associations found in this work.
Spatial and temporal distribution of species diversity in semideciduous seasonal forests with occurrence of fire
Authors: Da Silva Kmila Gomes , Venturin Nelson , Carvalho Warley Augusto Caldas , Batista Anderson Pedro Bernardina , Belan Leônidas Leoni
Published: April 2017

The spatial and temporal distributions of vegetation can be influenced by edaphic and environmental factors as well as disturbances. The present study was undertaken to characterize the distribution and spatial dependence of species diversity in a fragment of semideciduous seasonal forest after a disturbance event by fire and to identify changes during natural regeneration. The fire, occurred in 1999, and surveys were undertaken in 2000, 2005 and 2014 in 26 geo-referenced plots (400 m²) distributed along two transects. The Fire Damage Index (FDI) in each plot was based on a scale from 0 to 5, and all of the arboreal individuals with diameters at breast height (DBH) ≥ 5 cm were identified in each plot. Species diversity was calculated using the Shannon index (H'), and species richness (S) was estimated using species accumulation curves; variations between the surveys compared based on the means and standard errors. The S, H’ and FDI data were submitted to non-spatial exploratory and geostatistical analyses. After adjusting the semivariograms, the levels of spatial dependence were classified, and interpolation of the variables values were performed using ordinary kriging to characterize their spatial distributions in the form of maps. Spatial analysis was used to identify and characterize differences between the post-fire surveys in terms of the configurations of the arboreal community. The fire event influenced the spatial and temporal structures of the variables S and H’. These variables showed spatial dependence and aggregated distributions, with reduction in the distance under spatial influences and a uniformity of individuals distribution in the forest fragment at the different surveys. This research characterized the distribution and spatial dependence of the variables S and H’ in a forest fragment after a fire event, and the alterations in the arboreal community structure during natural regeneration.
Biodegradación de fenol en aguas tratadas de la industria petrolera para re-uso en cultivos agrícolas
Authors: Pardo Sergio , Rojas-Tapias Daniel , Roldan Fabio , Brandão Pedro , Almansa-Manrique Edgar
Published: April 2017

Oil exploitation and the usage of its derivatives have undeniably contributed to the technological advance worldwide. This industrial activity, however, generates several by-products that can threaten environmental sustainability. Seawage, for example, can contain organic pollutants and heavy metals; therefore, its deposition must be preceded by adequate water treatment. In this study, we isolated, characterized, and molecularly identified eight bacteria on the basis of their capability to degrade phenol. First, we determined the rates of bacterial growth and phenol degradation using different concentrations of the aromatic hydrocarbon (500, 800 and 1 200 mg / L), and then used sequential statistical designs to select optimal conditions for its degradation. Results showed that all isolated strains were capable of degrading phenol as the sole carbon source; the degradation kinetics and phenol tolerance, however, widely varied among strains. We chose the strain Pseudomonas sp. Sps1 for further studies due to its remarkable tolerance and capability to degrade phenol. By using a Plackett Burman design, followed by a fractionated factorial design in which several carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus sources were evaluated, and phenol degradation was used as the response variable, we found optimal conditions for phenol degradation by Sps1. Finally, we compared phenol degradation in seawage by the use or not of the optimal conditions established by the statistical methods. Results showed that biostimulation dramatically increased phenol degradation compared with the control. In conclusion, we found that bioaugmentation with the native bacteria Sps1 and a statistically-based biostimulation approach provided an economically and environmentally friendly alternative for the removal of pollutants from oil industry sewage.
Colonización y supervivencia de epibiontes sésiles en substratos artificiales similares a rizóforos de Rhizophora mangle (Rhizophoraceae) en La Mancha, México
Authors: Ruiz Guerrero Marcela , López-Portillo Jorge
Published: April 2017

La Mancha coastal lagoon, in the Gulf of Mexico, has an inlet that opens and closes seasonally, causing important fluctuations in flood-levels and exposing the intertidal zone to high solar radiation, high temperatures and desiccation. With the aim to examine the accumulated effect of variation in flood-levels on colonization and survival of sessile intertidal invertebrates on artificial substrates in a fringe mangrove forest, a field experiment was conducted from November-2000 to September-2001. A total of 72 PVC-stakes 2 m long were encased with cement to resemble rhizophores (prop roots) of Rhizophora mangle. They were then embedded in mud at four sampling stations (18 per station: 9 in a shaded site and 9 in a sunny site), and groups of 6 were collected from each sampling station (3 from each shaded site and 3 from each sunny site) without replacement at the end of each climatic period (nortes, dry and rainy). The open-closed condition of the inlet and the flood-level were monitored during different days throughout the 308-day experiment period. Temporal, spatial and vertical distribution of Species richness (S) and abundance of living and dead individuals were registered, and the data was analyzed by ANOVA. Only seven species colonized the substrates, the majority of them were recorded throughout the year and in all sampling stations. There was no seasonal succession of species. At the end of the experiment, only 20 % of the epibionts had survived. The polychaete Ficopomatus miamiensis was the most abundant, but had significantly lower survival than the other species (0–14 %). Epibionts preferred to settle in shaded sites rather than sunny ones regardless of the sampling station and the climatic season. In conclusion, artificial substrate colonization was successful but the majority of epibionts died because of long exposure and desiccation after the inlet was opened by local fishermen. Manual digging of the sand-barrier by local fishermen, disrupts the natural flooding cycles of the lagoon, and could severely impact the future development of mangrove communities.
Patrones de emergencia de Odonata (Insecta) en un hábitat lótico de Cuba oriental
Authors: Trapero Quintana Adrian , Reyes Tur Bernardo
Published: April 2017

The emergence patterns of tropical odonates (dragonflies and damselflies) are scarcely known. We studied the emergence patterns of odonates in a freshwater lotic system in Giro, Northern Santiago de Cuba, between January and December 2008. We visited the locality between 09:00 and 14:00, on a weekly basis, and collected exuviae from a fixed section (8 x 1 m2) offshore, along the riparian vegetation. We collected data on species composition and, for each species, abundance, relative biomass and emergence pattern. We collected 443 exuviae belonging to 22 species: seven Zygoptera and 15 Anisoptera. Half of the annual Odonata emergence took place in the dry season (December to March) with the highest value in February (25 %). For species for which we found seven or more exuviae per month, Enallagma coecum and Macrothemis celeno tended to be a synchronal emergence. We also found temporal segregation of the emergence pattern between M. celeno and Protoneura capillaris, Neoneura maria, Progomphus integer and Scapanea frontalis. These differences were probably related to the highest annual fluctuations of temperature, relative humidity and number of rainy days per month. We concluded that there is an asynchrony and heterogeneity in Odonata emergence times in the studied freshwater lotic system.
PRESENT STATUS OF NESTING HABITAT OF GREEN TURTLE (Chelonia mydas) lN WEST JAVA-INDONESIA
Authors: Krismono Adriani Sri Nastiti , Nurfiarini Amula , Fitrianto Ahmad , Wiadnyana Ngurah Nyoman
Published: April 2017

The coastal habitat condition much influences the moving of sea turtles to coast for nesting. In West Java Province there are some potential coasts as nesting habitat of sea turtles, but it has experiencing of many damage and has not been touched yet as the protected area for sea turtle nesting habitat.
ANTIBACTERIAL TEST OF PANGIUM (Pangium edule Reinw) EXTRACT AGAINST THE GROWTH OF FISH SPOILAGE BACTERIA
Authors: Heruwati Endang Sri , Lsmaini Lily , Mangunwardoyo Wibowo
Published: April 2017

An antibacterial test was conducted on fresh and fermented Pangium edule Reinw. Seed extracts against gram positive and negative spoilage bacteria associated with fish.
SOME POPULATION PARAMETERS OF ENDEAVOUR SHRIMP (Metapenaeus ensis de Haan) lN BALIKPAPAN SURROUNDING WATERS, EAST KALIMANTAN
Authors: Suman Ali , Bintoro Gatut
Published: April 2017

Study on the population parameters of endeavour shrimp (Metapenaeus ensls de hlaan) was conducted in Balikpapan waters, East Kalimantan. Population parameters of the endeavour shrimp were calculated based on data collected during period of survey, March 2006-November 2006.
On Becoming a Lucid Theoretical Dreamer
Authors: Beutter Anne
Published: April 2017

Postcolonial and postmodern critique left us with a range of insights that have a fundamental impact on how we perceive our work as scholars. It has for instance seriously damaged the idea that there is a way to escape epistemology to some kind of ’real’ reality that lies beneath our versions of rendering reality intelligible. This confronts us with a fundamental dilemma: As we always write as situated observers there is no proper / unbiased way to write about ‘others’, however not considering ‘others’ is ethnocentric and therefore wrong as well. Forced to take a stance towards this dilemma, this essay expands on the questions at stake and indicates a possible positioning towards it.
Пётр Чаадаев – Пролегомена к философии «России как периферийной империи»
Authors: Валицкий Анджей
Published: April 2017

Punktem wyjścia rozważań Czaadajewa na temat Rosji była świadomość kontrastu pomiędzy wielkością kraju i brakiem wewnętrznego sensu jego istnienia, a także jego znikomym wkładem do powszechnej historii. Jego pojęcie Rosji jako tabula rasa, czyli kraju bez głęboko zakorzenionej tradycji, zostało przedstawione w Apologii obłąkanego jako uzasadnienie tezy o niespotykanych możliwościach odgórnej reformy. „Przywilej zacofania” opiera się na fakcie, że niezależny kraj o wykształconej elicie może korzystać ze skumulowanego doświadczenia w ludzkości i swobodnie wybrać ścieżki rozwoju, tworząc zagrożenie dla racjonalistycznego konstruktywizmu. Jednak program przezwyciężenia rosyjskiej peryferyjności poprzez podporządkowanie Imperium Rosyjskiego bezinteresownej służbie wielkiej uniwersalnej idei był obarczony niebezpieczeństwem państwa indoktrynacji, które stało się szczególnie widoczne w świetle doświadczeń autorytaryzmu XX wieku.
С. Л. Франк: „Чаадаев” (фрагмент из лекционного курса „Russische Denker”)
Authors: Цыганков Александр
Published: April 2017

Ninijesza publikacja zawiera fragment (wraz z tłumaczeniem na język rosyjski) wykładu Franka wygłoszonego po niemiecku na Uniwersytecie w Berlinie. Fragment poświęcony jest osobie i filozofii Czaadajewa i stanowi część cyklu wykładów Franka zatytułowanego Russische Denker (Myśliciele rosyjscy). Oryginalny manuskrypt (jak dotąd niewprowadzony do obiegu) Franka znajduje się w Archiwum Bachmietiewa Uniwersytetu Columbia w Nowym Jorku. Jest to pierwsza publikacja tekstu Franka.
Mismatch between diagnostic reports and special educational needs classification in a public educational system
Authors: Teixeira Maria Cristina Triguero Veloz , Brunoni Décio , Carreiro Luiz Renato Rodrigues , Braga Ana Claudia , Silva Naiara Adorna da , Paula Cristiane Silvestre
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT Objective To assess the diagnostic status, the sociodemographic and health profiles for students with special educational needs (SEN) in a public educational system, and to map their use of educational/social services. Methods The sample comprised 1,202 SEN students from a total of 59,344 students. Results Only 792 students of the 1,202 had an established diagnosis. The most prevalent SEN condition was intellectual disability. There was a low percentage (29.4%) of use of specialized educational services or support. It was found that, for some neurodevelopmental disorders, prevalence data suggest an under-reporting in the school system. Conclusion Results suggest that there is a mismatch between the diagnostic reports and the SEN condition legally recognized according to Brazilian law, in addition to the under-reporting and under specialized service use of students with disabilities.
GRAPEVINE VIRUS DISEASES:ECONOMIC IMPACT AND CURRENT ADVANCES IN VIRAL PROSPECTION AND MANAGEMENT
Authors: BASSO MARCOS FERNANDO , FAJARDO THOR VINÍCIUS MARTINS , SALDARELLI PASQUALE
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT Grapevine (Vitis spp.) is a major vegetative propagated fruit crop with high socioeconomic importance worldwide. It is susceptible to several graft-transmitted agents that cause several diseases and substantial crop losses, reducing fruit quality and plant vigor, and shorten the longevity of vines. The vegetative propagation and frequent exchanges of propagative material among countries contribute to spread these pathogens, favoring the emergence of complex diseases. Its perennial life cycle further accelerates the mixing and introduction of several viral agents into a single plant. Currently, approximately 65 viruses belonging to different families have been reported infecting grapevines, but not all cause economically relevant diseases. The grapevine leafroll, rugose wood complex, leaf degeneration and fleck diseases are the four main disorders having worldwide economic importance. In addition, new viral species and strains have been identified and associated with economically important constraints to grape production. In Brazilian vineyards, eighteen viruses, three viroids and two virus-like diseases had already their occurrence reported and were molecularly characterized. Here, we review the current knowledge of these viruses, report advances in their diagnosis and prospection of new species, and give indications about the management of the associated grapevine diseases.
Learning curve of radiology residents during training in fluoroscopy-guided facet joint injections
Authors: Dias Tiago Rocha , Alves Junior João de Deus da Costa , Abdala Nitamar
Published: April 2017

Abstract Objective: To develop a simulator for training in fluoroscopy-guided facet joint injections and to evaluate the learning curve for this procedure among radiology residents. Materials and Methods: Using a human lumbar spine as a model, we manufactured five lumbar vertebrae made of methacrylate and plaster. These vertebrae were assembled in order to create an anatomical model of the lumbar spine. We used a silicon casing to simulate the paravertebral muscles. The model was placed into the trunk of a plastic mannequin. From a group of radiology residents, we recruited 12 volunteers. During simulation-based training sessions, each student carried out 16 lumbar facet injections. We used three parameters to assess the learning curves: procedure time; fluoroscopy time; and quality of the procedure, as defined by the positioning of the needle. Results: During the training, the learning curves of all the students showed improvement in terms of the procedure and fluoroscopy times. The quality of the procedure parameter also showed improvement, as evidenced by a decrease in the number of inappropriate injections. Conclusion: We present a simple, inexpensive simulation model for training in facet joint injections. The learning curves of our trainees using the simulator showed improvement in all of the parameters assessed.
CHANGING PARADIGMS IN PREOPERATIVE FASTING: RESULTS OF A JOINT EFFORT IN PEDIATRIC SURGERY
Authors: CARVALHO Carlos Augusto Leite de Barros , CARVALHO Augusto Aurélio de , NOGUEIRA Paulo Luiz Batista , AGUILAR-NASCIMENTO José Eduardo de
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT Background: Current researches associate long fasting periods to several adverse consequences. The fasting abbreviation to 2 h to clear liquids associated with the use of drinks containing carbohydrates attenuates endocrinometabolic response to surgical trauma, but often is observed children advised to not intake food from 00:00 h till the scheduled surgical time, regardless of what it is. Aim: To evaluate the safety of a protocol of preoperative fasting abbreviation with a beverage containing carbohydrates, and early postoperative feeding in children underwent elective small/mid-size surgical procedures during a national task-force on pediatric surgery. Methods: Thirty-six patients were prospectively included, and for several reasons five were excluded. All 31 who remained in the study received a nutritional supplement containing 150 ml of water plus 12.5% maltodextrin 2 h before the procedure. Data of the pre-operative fasting time, anesthetic complications and time of postoperative refeeding, were collected. Results: Twenty-three (74.2%) were males, the median age was 5 y, and the median weight was 20 kg. The median time of pre-operative fasting was 145 min and the time of post-operative refeeding was 135 min. There were no adverse effects on the anesthetic procedures or during surgery. Post-operatively, two children (6.5%) vomited. Conclusion: The abbreviation of pre-operative fasting to 2 h with beverage containing carbohydrate in pediatric surgery is safe. Early refeeding in elective small/mid-size procedures can be prescribed.
Angiolymphatic invasion as a prognostic fator in resected N0 pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Authors: ALMEIDA Ricardo Vitor Silva de , PACHECO-JR Adhemar Monteiro , SILVA Rodrigo Altenfelder , MORICZ André de , CAMPOS Tércio de
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT Background: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma remains one of the worst digestive cancers. Surgical resection is the main target when treating a patient with curative intent. Aim: To assess angiolymphatic invasion as a prognostic factor in resected pN0 pancreatic cancer. Methods: Thirty-eight patients were submitted to pancreatoduodenectomy due to head pancreatic cancer. Tumor size, margins, lymph nodes, pTNM staging, angiolymphatic and perineural invasion were described in the pathologists' reports. Results: Most patients were female. Overall median survival was 13 months. Gemcitabine was the regimen of choice for chemotherapy in selected patients; however, it did not improve overall survival. pR0 resection had better survival compared with pR1. Within the pN0 group, survival was significantly better in patients without angiolymphatic invasion. Conclusion: Angiolymphatic invasion in N0 pancreatoduodenectomy can be demonstrated by the Hematoxylin-Eosin stain and may predict a poor prognosis factor for those patients.
THE IMPACT OF THE MELD SCORE ON LIVER TRANSPLANT ALLOCATION AND RESULTS: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW
Authors: MORAES Ana Claudia Oliveira de , OLIVEIRA Priscilla Caroliny de , FONSECA-NETO Olival Cirilo Lucena da
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT Introduction: Liver transplantation is intended to increase the survival of patients with chronic liver disease in terminal phase, as well as improved quality of life. Since the first transplant until today many changes have occurred in the organ allocation system. Objective: To review the literature on the Model for End-stage Liver Disease (MELD) and analyze its correlation with survival after liver transplantation. Method: An integrative literature review in Lilacs, SciELO, and Pubmed in October 2015, was realized. Were included eight studies related to the MELD score and its impact on liver transplant. Results: There was predominance of transplants in male between 45-55 y. The main indications were hepatitis C, hepatocellular carcinoma and alcoholic cirrhosis. The most important factors post-surgery were related to the MELD score, the recipient age, expanded donor criteria and hemotransfusion. Conclusion: The MELD system reduced the death rate in patients waiting for a liver transplant. However, this score by itself is not a good predictor of survival after liver transplantation.
ADAPTAÇÃO TRANSCULTURAL DO QUESTIONÁRIO THREE DAY PHYSICAL ACTIVITY RECALL
Authors: Damasceno Vinicius de Oliveira , Silva André Calil e , Amorim Paulo Roberto , Lima Jorge Roberto Perrout de , Vianna Jeferson Macedo , Gonçalves Reginaldo , Werneck Francisco Zacaron , Lamounier Joel Alves
Published: April 2017

RESUMO Introdução: Diversos são os instrumentos que mensuram atividade física no Brasil. Um deles é o Three Day Physical Activity Recall, porém, até o momento, nenhuma ferramenta foi submetida à adaptação transcultural. Objetivo: Descrever os procedimentos e critérios de escolha do Three Day Physical Activity Recall quanto à equivalência conceitual, semântica e de itens, que resultou na versão brasileira para adolescentes de 10 a 12 anos. Métodos: Foram compilados artigos que continham o instrumento de autorrelato, que tivessem como variáveis de interesse o nível de atividade física e o custo energético. As buscas foram realizadas nas bases de dados BIREME, LILACS, MEDLINE, PubMed, SciELO, Web of Science e SPORTDiscus. Seguiram-se as etapas da adaptação transcultural: dez doutores e 30 membros da população-alvo participaram da avaliação e adequação do constructo à cultura brasileira (equivalência conceitual e de itens) e a versão em português do instrumento seguiu todas as recomendações para equivalência semântica. Resultados: São apresentadas as avaliações dos doutores sobre a versão em português do instrumento, envolvendo questões sobre regionalidade das atividades, dificuldade cognitiva para o autorrelato, instruções, capacidade de mensuração da atividade física e seus domínios. As diferentes versões de tradução e re-tradução do instrumento, com destaque para as modificações solicitadas, assim como a versão final são apresentadas. Conclusões: Tendo sido satisfeitos os pré-requisitos da adaptação transcultural, concluiu-se que o instrumento está adaptado para a população e cultura alvo; entretanto, as qualidades psicométricas, a reprodutibilidade, a validade, o constructo e o critério devem ser testados.
APTIDÃO FÍSICA E LESÕES: 54 SEMANAS DE TREINAMENTO FÍSICO COM POLICIAIS MILITARES
Authors: Araújo Lia Grego Muniz de , Sanches Marcelo , Turi Bruna Camilo , Monteiro Henrique Luiz
Published: April 2017

RESUMO Introdução: A aptidão física é imprescindível para policiais militares. Entretanto, apesar de a finalidade do treinamento militar ser o aperfeiçoamento de diferentes componentes da aptidão física, sua execução de forma não adequada pode associar-se ao desenvolvimento de lesões musculoesqueléticas. Objetivo: Verificar o efeito do treinamento físico militar sobre indicadores de aptidão física e incidência de lesões musculoesqueléticas em participantes do Curso de Formação de Soldados da Polícia Militar do Estado de São Paulo. Método: A amostra foi composta por 86 homens que foram submetidos ao Teste de Aptidão Física no início e depois de 54 semanas de treinamento. As informações sobre lesões foram obtidas com questionário específico. Resultados: Houve melhora significativa do volume máximo de oxigênio (VO2máx), resistência muscular localizada, força e velocidade ao final do treinamento. Entretanto, 45,3% dos policiais sofreram uma ou mais lesões, sendo 65,6% delas concentradas nos membros inferiores, 18% nos membros superiores e 16,4% no tronco e na cabeça. O nível osteoarticular concentrou 50,8% das lesões, o nível músculo-ligamentar, 26,3% e o tegumentar, 22,9%. Conclusão: Apesar do resultado satisfatório em relação à aptidão física, a incidência de lesões entre os policiais foi elevada.
EXERCISE, BLOOD PRESSURE AND MORTALITY: FINDINGS OF EIGHT YEARS OF FOLLOW-UP
Authors: Turi Bruna Camilo , Bonfim Mariana Rotta , Codogno Jamile Sanches , Fernandes Rômulo Araújo , Araújo Lia Grego Muniz de , Amaral Sandra Lia do , Monteiro Henrique Luiz
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT Introduction: In the last decades, unhealthy habits, such as low levels of physical activity and poor diet, have increased. Consequently, the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and mortality has increased significantly among adults. However, it is known that regular physical exercises help to improve health outcomes. Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze the effects of eight years of regular participation in an exercise program on blood pressure and mortality in the Brazilian public health system. Methods: The sample consisted of 34 participants with hypertension and/or type II diabetes who were followed up for eight years. They were paired by age, body mass index and chronic disease in two groups: exercise and control. During the follow-up period, medical records were used to assess systolic and diastolic blood pressure, as well as number of medical appointments and the occurrence of deaths. Results: In the follow-up period, five participants died in the control group and none in the exercise group. The Kaplan-Meier analysis identified 29.4% lower mortality among active participants (Fisher's exact test with p = 0.044). The number of medical appointments and the values of diastolic blood pressure were significantly lower for active participants. Conclusion: After a follow-up of eight years, participants in the exercise group attended fewer medical appointments, had better blood pressure control and a lower occurrence of deaths.
RETORNO AO ESPORTE APÓS ARTROPLASTIA TOTAL DO JOELHO: REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Jorge Pedro Baches , Silva Filho António de Pádua , Matsunaga Rodrigo Yutaka , Pecchia Gabriel Abdo Elias , Sprey Jan Willem Cerf , Guglielmetti Luiz Gabriel Betoni , Lima Marcos Vaz de , Cury Ricardo de Paula Leite , Duarte Júnior Aires
Published: April 2017

RESUMO Esta revisão sistemática da literatura teve como objetivo analisar as variáveis envolvidas no retorno às atividades esportivas em pacientes submetidos à artroplastia total do joelho (ATJ), verificar o tipo de esporte recomendado, o tempo de retorno ao esporte, a satisfação do paciente e o nível de atividade física após a cirurgia. Os estudos relacionados com a prática de atividade física e desportiva depois da ATJ foram selecionados por dois revisores independentes. Foram incluídos 11 estudos (10 transversais retrospectivos e um caso-controle). A maioria dos pacientes que participou de alguma atividade física regular antes da ATJ retornou à prática esportiva após a cirurgia, sendo mais comuns os esportes de baixo impacto como caminhada, esportes aquáticos, golfe, bicicleta estacionária, entre outros. Foi possível observar que o nível de atividade física não depende da dor e dos sintomas pós-operatórios, mas da satisfação com a cirurgia, motivação e capacidade funcional dos indivíduos. O tempo de retorno ao esporte variou de seis a 18 meses depois da ATJ. Apesar de alguns estudos mostrarem que os cirurgiões não recomendam a prática de esportes de alto impacto após a cirurgia, alguns estudos mostraram bons resultados, desde que o nível de atividade prévio à cirurgia, a população adequada e a expectativa do paciente no pós-operatório sejam considerados. Assim, conclui-se que o retorno ao esporte após ATJ não só é possível, como é recomendado em níveis recreativos, e um paciente colaborativo, instruído e com preparo adequado de condicionamento físico pode melhorar tanto no nível funcional e cardiovascular quanto no psicológico, com aumento da autoestima e da qualidade de vida. Há ainda a necessidade de estudos futuros, de boa qualidade metodológica como os ensaios clínicos randomizados, sobre os efeitos (benefícios e prejuízos) dos esportes de alto impacto para os pacientes submetidos à ATJ.
Prevalence and associated factors for early interruption of exclusive breastfeeding: meta-analysis on Brazilian epidemiological studies
Authors: Pereira-Santos Marcos , Santana Moema de Sousa , Oliveira Denise Santana , Nepomuceno Filho Renato Aleixo , Lisboa Cinthia Soares , Almeida Leila Magda Rodrigues , Gomes Daiene Rosa , Queiroz Valterlinda Alves de Oliveira , Demétrio Fran , Oliveira Ana Marlúcia
Published: April 2017

Abstract Objectives: to summarize Brazilian studies that analyzed the risk factors for Exclusive Breastfeeding (EBF) interruption before the child's six months of life. Methods: systematic review and meta-analysis indexed articles from Bireme, Scielo and Pubmed databases published in the period of January 2000 to December 2015. Results: 22 articles were included in the meta-analysis. The factors related to newborns were observed, such as birth weight (OR= 1.17; CI 95%: 1.05-1.29), female gender (OR= 1,09; CI 95%: 1.04-1.13) and the use of pacifier (OR= 2.29; CI 95%: 1.68-2.91) were the main factors responsible for the increase in the occurrence of EBF interruption. The factors were related to the mother, maternal age below twenty years old (OR= 1.22; CI 95%: 1.12-1.33) low schooling level (OR=1.28; CI 95%: 1.11-1.45), primiparity (OR= 1.17; CI 95%: 1.02-1.32) maternal employment during the postpartum period (OR= 1.26; CI 95%: 1.11-1.41), and low family income (OR= 1.22; CI 95%: 1.08-1.37) contributed significantly to the EBF interruption . Conclusions: the meta-analysis of Brazilian epidemiological studies demonstrated evidences to conclude that below the age of twenty, low schooling, primiparity, maternal employment in the postpartum period and low family income are associated to the interruption of exclusive breastfeeding until 6 months of age. Children with low birth weight, female gender and used a pacifier had greater vulnerability to not be exclusively breastfed. In conclusion, most of these factors can be modified through appropriate public policies throughout the adequate prenatal period to promote exclusive breastfeeding.
Cesarean section on demand: a population-based study in Southern Brazil
Authors: Cesar Juraci Almeida , Sauer Jessica Pereira , Carlotto Kharen , Montagner Maria Emília , Mendoza-Sassi Raul Andrés
Published: April 2017

Abstract Objectives: to measure the prevalence and identify factors associated to the occurrence of cesarean section on demand in the municipality of Rio Grande, RS. Methods: all births that occurred in the two maternities between 01/01 to 12/31/2007, mothers who lived in the municipality were questioned on demographic and maternal reproductive characteristics, family socioeconomic level and health care received during pregnancy and childbirth. The outcome was constituted by cesarean section on demand, in other words, the request was from the parturient. In the analysis, Poisson regression was used with robust adjustment of the variance. The effect measurement used was the prevalence ratios (PR). Results: among the 2,557 parturients included in this study, 51.6% (CI95%:49.6%-53.5%) were submitted to cesarean sections, and 10.7% (CI95%:9.0%-12.4%) were on demand. After the adjustment based on previous hierarchical model, the variables showed significantly the association to the outcomes which were maternal schooling, household income, type of hospitalization (public or private) and being attended by the same physician throughout the prenatal period. Conclusions: the PR obtained show that the probability of occurrence of cesarean section on demand was substantially higher among the mothers who presented the lowest risk of complications during pregnancy and childbirth.
Exclusive breastfeeding, complementary feeding and association with body fat excess among schoolchildren in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
Authors: Gonsalez Priscila Schramm , Retondario Anabelle , Bricarello Liliana Paula , González-Chica David Alejandro , Silva Diego Augusto Santos , Vasconcelos Francisco de Assis Guedes de
Published: April 2017

Abstract Objectives: to analyze the association between exclusive breastfeeding duration (EBF) and the age at which complementary feeding was introduced (CF) with the excess of body fat (BF) in schoolchildren from Florianópolis/SC, southern of Brazil. Methods: cross sectional study, with probability sample of 1,531 schoolchildren aged 7-10 years from Florianópolis/SC. The percentage of BF was defined based on triceps and subscapular skinfolds. Information about EBF, CF and confounders variables were obtained through a questionnaire sent to parents or guardians. Multivariate analyzes were performed using Poisson. Results: the prevalence of BF excess was 37.9% (CI95%: 32.4; 43.6), and 30.6% of children received EBF for 4-6 months (CI95%: 17, 3; 48, 2). The duration of EBF less than 4 or more than 6 months was associated with higher prevalence of BF excess, even after adjustment (p=0.015). Introduction of food groups had no association with BF excess. Conclusions: the association between EBF and the excess of body fat for less than 4 months and higher prevalence of BF excess is probably a consequence of early introduction of others milk types, whilst association between EBF for more than 6 months and higher prevalence of BF excess is because of a catch-up growth situation.
Nutrient solution and substrates for ‘cedro doce’ (Pochota fendleri) seedling production
Authors: Smiderle Oscar J. , Souza Aline G. , Pedrozo Cassia A. , Lima Christinny G. B.
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT This study assessed the effect of different substrates and addition of nutrient solution on the production of Pochota fendleri seedlings, leaf contents of macro and micronutrients and chlorophyll a and b. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a 3 x 2 factorial scheme, with four replicates. The factors were three substrates, with or without addition of nutrient solution, composing six treatments: (T1) = sand; (T2) = soil; (T3) = sand + soil (1:1); (T4) = sand + nutrient solution; (T5) = soil + nutrient solution; (T6) = sand + soil + nutrient solution. Growth characteristics (height, collar diameter, shoot dry matter, root dry matter, root/shoot ratio and total dry matter) and contents of macro- and micronutrients and chlorophyll a and b were evaluated. The use of nutrient solution reduces the time to obtain seedlings of Pochota fendleri, and it is important for proper growth and quality of seedlings. The sequence of nutritional requirement presented by Pochota fendleri seedlings in three substrates with addition of nutrient solution follows the descending order: macronutrients (N > Ca > K > Mg > P > S) and micronutrients (Fe > Mn > B > Zn > Cu).
Soil organic matter pools under management systems in Quilombola Territory in Brazilian Cerrado
Authors: Nascimento Robervone S. de M. P. do , Ramos Maria L. G. , Figueiredo Cícero C. de , Silva Antonio M. M. , Silva Stefany B. , Batistella Gilmar
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the stable and labile fractions of soil organic matter and carbon (C) management index in cultivated areas with conservation and conventional management used by Quilombola farmers in the Goiás state, Brazil. The management systems were studied in the areas of Cerradão: Native Cerrado; Pasture; Conventional grain cultivation; Conservation cultivation of perennial crop; and in the sensu stricto Cerrado: Native Cerrado; Natural pasture; Conventional grain cultivation; Conventional cultivation of perennial crop. The study was considered as observational, with five replicates. Total organic C, fractions of humic substances, labile C and C management index were determined. The Cerradão phytophysiognomy had the highest total organic C values and stable soil organic matter fractions. The native areas had low levels of labile C. The conservation cultivation of perennial crop showed the largest accumulation of total organic C in the different fractions of soil organic matter and the highest rates of C management index.
Hygroscopicity of ‘sucupira-branca’ (Pterodon emarginatus Vogel) fruits
Authors: Oliveira Daniel E. C. de , Resende Osvaldo , Costa Lílian M. , Silva Glicélia P. , Sales Juliana de F.
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT ‘Sucupira-branca’ (Pterodon emarginatus Vogel) is a tree from ‘Cerrado’ and stands out mainly for its pharmacological properties; however, there are no technological information about its post-harvest operations. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the sorption isotherms of ‘sucupira-branca’ fruits for different air conditions and obtain the values of desorption isosteric heat, depending on the equilibrium moisture content of the product. The equilibrium moisture content of ‘sucupira-branca’ fruits was determined by dynamic method for temperatures of 25, 30, 35 and 40 °C and water activities for each temperature between 0.270 and 0.775. The models Chung-Pfost, Copace, Modified Halsey, Oswin Modified and Sigma Copace obtained high coefficient of determination (R2) and low chi-square (χ2), relative mean error (P) and estimated mean error (SE), and the Copace model was selected to represent the desorption isotherms. The isosteric heat increases with the reduction of equilibrium moisture content and required more energy to remove water from the ‘sucupira-branca’ fruit.
Problemáticas da autoria e da camuflagem feminina em As Aventuras de Diófanes, de Teresa Margarida Silva e Orta
Authors: Sousa Moizeis Sobreira de , Silva Fabio Mario da
Published: April 2017

Resumo A obra Aventuras de Diófanes, de Teresa Margarida Silva e Orta, teve diversas edições, mas muitas delas ocultaram a autoria de Orta. O objetivo deste trabalho é apontar as possíveis razões que teriam levado à ocultação da autoria desse romance, o qual levanta muitas questões em torno da autoria feminina. Pretende-se também discutir, a partir da análise da obra (observando também o diálogo com as Aventuras de Telêmaco de Fénelon, que é apresentado como parâmetro para a autora), o processo de camuflagem das personagens, o que contribui para problematizar as questões relativas ao feminino e ao masculino.
Implementação da Lei 10.639/2003 - competências, habilidades e pesquisas para a transformação social
Authors: Almeida Marco Antonio Bettine de , Sanchez Livia Pizauro
Published: April 2017

Resumo A Lei 10.639/2003 institui a obrigatoriedade do ensino de História e Cultura Africana e Afro-Brasileira nos currículos da Educação Básica no Brasil. Este estudo busca compreender as razões da dificuldade de sua implementação, por meio da análise das políticas públicas federais e das produções acadêmicas a ela relacionadas, durante seus primeiros dez anos de vigência. Concluiu-se que a coesão entre as diversas políticas educacionais é fator, entre outros, que corrobora a efetivação dessa legislação. Os problemas encontrados na execução da Lei 10.639/03 estão inseridos nas dificuldades estruturais do sistema educacional brasileiro e em suas bases ideológicas racistas.
Evaluation of risk factors that contribute to falls among the elderly
Authors: Alves Raquel Letícia Tavares , Silva Carlos Fernando Moreira e , Pimentel Luísa Negri , Costa Isabela de Azevedo , Souza Ana Cristina dos Santos , Coelho Luma Aparecida Ferreira
Published: April 2017

Abstract Objective: to determine the incidence of falls among the elderly population of the city of Barbacena in the state of Minas Gerais, together with causal factors, circumstances and major consequences. Methods: a cross-sectional study was performed through questionnaires applied to 206 patients over the age of 60, from November 2014 to February 2015 in the city of Barbacena, in the state of Minas Gerais. Risk factors related to falls were analyzed, as well as the incidence of falls and the consequences for the lives of elderly persons. The existence of a relationship between the reporting of falls and possible risk factors was determined by the Chi-squared and Fischer's exact tests as indicated. Results: an incidence of falls of 36.41% was observed among the elderly, 45.95% of which occurred outside the home. A total of 85.71% of respondents had previously suffered strokes and 39.78% were taking medication. Among elderly persons who have fallen and suffered fractures (18.67%), 50% had suffered strokes, 50% were suffering from chronic kidney disease, and 61.54% could not perform their activities of daily living after the fall. Conclusion: it was concluded that the incidence of falls among the elderly was 36.41%, while the most correlated factors were drug use, stroke victims and people with chronic kidney disease. Among those who suffered fractures, 61.54% failed to perform activities of daily living. Preventing falls is a public health concern, and simple changes can reduce its prevalence.
Development of an application for mobile devices to identify the frailty phenotype among the elderly
Authors: Santos Thassyane Silva dos , Brito Thais Alves , Yokoyama Filho Francisco Sadao , Guimarães Lara de Andrade , Souto Caroline Sampaio , Souza Samara Jesus Nascimento , Martins Luiz Eduardo Barreto , Pithon Karla Rocha
Published: April 2017

Abstract Objective: to develop a mobile app to quickly and safely identify frailty syndrome features among the elderly. Method: a cross-sectional study was conducted. The application was developed for the Android platform in the Java programming language and XML markup. The study instrument was based on five frailty phenotype criteria. The tests were conducted with 20 elderly persons living in a long-term care facility. Results: the twenty elderly persons had a mean age of 76.55 (±9.5) years. Thirteen were identified as frail, five were pre-frail and two were non-frail. The comparison of the results of the instruments of analysis coincided in the general evaluation of frailty and in the individual identification of the five criteria. Conclusion: the data suggests that the use of the application for the evaluation of frailty among the elderly was performed safely, with the advantage of quick access to allow the monitoring of the clinical status and prognosis of the patient.
Suicidally motivated intoxication by psychoactive drugs: characterization among the elderly
Authors: Carvalho Igho Leonardo do Nascimento , Lôbo Ana Paula Antero , Aguiar Clayre Anne de Araújo , Campos Adriana Rolim
Published: April 2017

Abstract Objective: to characterize suicidally motivated intoxication by psychoactive drugs among elderly people. Method: a retrospective and documentary study with a quantitative approach was carried out, based on the notification forms of 692 cases of suicidally motivated intoxications by psychoactive drugs, registered by the Centro de Assistência Toxicológica (the Toxicological Care Center) in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil from 2010 to 2014. The absolute and relative frequencies of social conditions, intoxication episodes and clinical conducts were obtained, and the Chi-squared Test was applied with a significance of p≤0.05. Results: elderly people aged between 60 and 69 years (65.9%), who were female and retired predominated. The most frequently used psychoactive drugs were antidepressants (48.3%) and anxiolytics/hypnotics (29.0%). The most frequent clinical conducts were the use of activated charcoal and gastric lavage. Moderate poisoning was the most frequent, and the main outcome was discharge arising from cure. There was a significant relationship between the elderly persons and gender, occupation, occurrence of intoxication at home, clinical manifestation and hospital admission. Conclusion: suicidally motivated poisoning by psychoactive drugs in elderly persons suggests the need to promote active aging, as well as the access to and rational use of these drugs, thereby reducing harm and preserving the lives of elderly persons.