bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RATING ASSESSMENT OF BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE
Authors:   State Higher Educational Institution ", Sholya Ruslana ,   Uzhhorod National University"
Published: February 2023

A rating assessment of the development of entrepreneurship in the regions of Ukraine based on the calculation of a complex rating indicator using the method of distances to the standard has been made in the article. The chosen method makes it possible to analyze the regional differentiation of the development of the field of entrepreneurship, to determine the leading regions and the positions of other regions in relation to them. The complex rating indicator, which is calculated by the method of distances to the benchmark, does not have an independent economic meaning and can be used in the practice of comparative analysis in order to make appropriate decisions and develop promising strategies. The rating assessment has been carried out based on the data of 2015, 2019 and 2020. The following indicators have been selected for the rating assessment, namely: number of economic entities in the region, share of enterprises in the total number of economic entities in the region, share of small enterprises in the total number of enterprises in the region, number of enterprises per 10 thousand people of the existing population, number of employed workers in the economic entities of the region, volumes of products sold by economic entities of the region, volumes of capital investments of enterprises, labor costs at enterprises. The results of the calculations showed the absence of sharp fluctuations, which indicates an insufficient number of measures that activate entrepreneurial activity in the country. A grouping of the regions of Ukraine has been made by the author. They have been divided into 5 groups, namely: with high, above average, average, below average, low level of entrepreneurship development. The carried out grouping made it possible to assess the place of each region in the general population, as well as to find regions that are close in terms of development. The division into groups makes it possible to develop effective joint programs for the activation of entrepreneurship development. The conducted grouping made it possible to conclude that the regional development of entrepreneurship does not depend on the territorial location of business entities, since regions within one geographical part of Ukraine are characterized by different levels of entrepreneurship development. The author focuses on the fact that entrepreneurship is a factor in the country's economic development, ensuring the foundations of its competitiveness and an incentive for social transformations. This approach is especially relevant in the period of global transformations. In the conditions of transformational changes, the entrepreneurial sphere must be flexible and modernized, adaptive to meet the requirements of real time.
INSTITUTIONAL PRINCIPLES OF FUNCTIONING OF ORGANIC PRODUCT PRODUCERS AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF THEIR COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES IN UKRAINE
Authors:   Polis National University, Kotsenko Marina
Published: February 2023

Organic production in Ukraine is gaining momentum every year and is becoming more and more popular among producers of agricultural products in the countries of the European Union. Ukrainian farmers striving to be on the European markets must meet the requirements of modern production trends. Such advantages of the production of ecologically clean food products as: care for the Planet and future generations, preservation of biodiversity, social responsibility of business, new ways of selling products at better prices for the producer, increasing the efficiency of production – encourage the owners of agricultural enterprises to switch to organic production. In turn, the development of a competitive environment for organic products is impossible without a high-quality institutional environment. The purpose of this study is to establish the main components of the institutional environment of producers of organic products in Ukraine and to determine their influence on the formation of competitive advantages. The article establishes that institutions are an integral component of the formation of competitive advantages of organic products. The main institutional foundations of the functioning of producers of organic agricultural products in Ukraine have been studied. These include formal institutions, informal institutions, sanctions for non-compliance with norms and rules, and organizations. The work analyzes the main legal acts regulating the activities of producers of organic products in Ukraine, briefly characterizes non-state public unions that popularize organic production and are a mandatory component of the institutional environment. Practical significance: the study shows that institutional foundations are an integral part of the activities of producers of organic products in Ukraine and are an element of ensuring their competitiveness. The study shows that the institutional environment is not sufficiently developed in Ukraine due to the lack of cooperation mechanisms between business and the state, the presence of outdated business methods and the imperfection of regulatory and legal support. These issues require detailed research in the future.
ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY MANAGEMENT MECHANISMS OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION ENTITIES
Authors:   V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Purtov Volodymyr , Derkach Oleksandr ,   Sumy National Agrarian University
Published: February 2023

The article evaluates the effectiveness of the social responsibility management mechanisms of agricultural production entities in Ukraine. An analysis of the intensity of the introduction of socially responsible measures by agrarian business entities of the Kharkiv region in 2020 was carried out, and the share of social investments of these entities was also determined. The priority vectors for the direction of social investments have been identified – improving the qualifications of employees and their professional development, as well as the introduction of resource-saving measures, within the framework of cooperation with the public, this is the development of education, science, technology and innovation, unfortunately, one of the least popular – environmental protection. A survey was conducted on the factors influencing social investments of agrarian business entities – the legislative environment, public opinion regarding social investments, the performance of state duties and functions, the development of non-commercial and non-governmental organizations, the availability of effective methods and qualified specialists for the implementation of social business programs. The "beneficial effect" of the introduction of social investment flows for the representatives of the investigated subjects of agrarian business was determined – improvement of the attitude of employees to the enterprise; significant benefit to society; improves business performance and increases competitiveness; strengthens the company's reputation. The reasons for the collapse of social projects of medium-sized and small agrarian business entities are identified, among the main ones we can mention the insufficient financial support of social projects, the lack of innovative technologies and their transfer, the absence of a clearly defined competitive position on the market of agricultural products, insufficient provision of human resources, their unsatisfactory quality. Among the main obstacles to the development of social responsibility of agrarian business entities, the lack of funds, tax pressure, imperfection of the regulatory and legal framework that would facilitate the implementation of social responsibility programs are highlighted. It is substantiated that the strategic tasks of activating the social responsibility of agrarian business entities should be divided into economic, social and environmental.
THE BLACK SEA REGION’S COMPETITIVENESS IN THE CONTEXT OF ITS ECONOMIC SECURITY’S STRENGTHENING
Authors:   Odessa National University of Economics, Husenko Olha
Published: February 2023

The paper deals with theoretical and methodological approaches to the study of the term of "regional competitiveness", "regional economic security" and "regional external economic security" concepts. Special emphasis is placed on the consideration of two approaches of "regional competitiveness". The key tasks of the policy of ensuring economic security and competitiveness are summarized. The method of assessing the components of economic security of the region in the context of increasing its competitiveness has been substantiated. The international competitiveness of the Black Sea region was analyzed. An evaluation of the foreign economic security of the Black Sea region was carried out in accordance with the components of its competitiveness. In the paper was stated that an important factor in ensuring the foreign economic security’s appropriate level of domestic regions in the process of European integration, along with the sectoral structure of the regional economy, is the scientific and technological component, which determines the structure and level of science-intensive exports, the degree of import and technological dependence of the region. Mykolaiv Oblast currently has the highest degree of foreign economic security among the regions of the Black Sea Region, as all indicators for the foreign economic component are more than 1. Diagnostics of the economic security of the regions of the Black Sea region according to the main parameters of their socio-economic development was carried out, which made it possible to carry out an appropriate comparative analysis according to the level of economic security. The given analysis of the level of economic security and assign regions to the following groups: regions with a relatively high level of economic security, which are mainly resource-extracting and export-oriented (Odesa region); regions with a pre-crisis level of security (Mykolaiv region); regions with a critical level of economic security (Kherson region). According to the average value, the Black Sea region itself belongs to the region with a pre-crisis level of economic security. The sum of his points was 275.
METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO ASSESSING THE PROBABILITY OF BANKRUPTCY OF UKRAINIAN COMPANIES
Authors:   Poltava State Agrarian University, Dorohan-Pysarenko Liudmyla , Yehorova Olena ,   Poltava State Agrarian University, Yasnolob Ilona ,   Poltava State Agrarian University
Published: February 2023

The aim of the study is to methodical assessment of the probability of bankruptcy of Ukrainian enterprises taking into account the specifics of agricultural activity. We defined the term "bankruptcy" taking into account its economic and legal aspect; the effects of threats on the financial and economic condition of the enterprise and the probability of bankruptcy were investigated; studied and analyzed the most common methods of assessing the probability of bankruptcy of enterprises in modern business conditions. To achieve this aim, the following research methods and techniques were used: abstract-logical method (when revealing the essence of the concept of Bankruptcy); dialectical approach (for theoretical generalization on problems identification and ways of solving these problems, for formulation of conclusions); method of expert assessments, comparative analysis approach, analysis and synthesis methods (in developing the concept of assessing the probability of bankruptcy); monographic technique (for in-depth study of individual types of factors influencing the likelihood of bankruptcy); graphical and tabular method (when presenting the results of the study). The author's definition of the term "bankruptcy" is offered. The classification of the principal branch factors influencing probability of bankruptcy of the enterprises of agrarian sphere of Ukraine is specified and schematized. It was proved that the discriminant analysis of the assessment of the probability of bankruptcy (construction of multifactor models that summarize the most important financial indicators in the integrated indicator) does not take into account the sectoral characteristics of agricultural enterprises. The concept of bankruptcy diagnostics was set forward, which combines discriminant analysis and expert assessment of qualitative signs of a possible crisis of an agricultural enterprise. The indicators selected for examination cover non-financial factors– risks and threats of agricultural production in Ukraine, and their generalization allows to clarify the risk of bankruptcy.
ANALYSIS OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES OF STOCK EXCHANGE TRADING IN UKRAINE
Authors:   National Transport University, Zayats Olga , Boiko Natalia ,   National Transport University, Boyko Alyona ,   National Transport University
Published: February 2023

Activation of investment activity for the recovery of the economy after the corona crisis requires the development of stock exchange trading as part of trading in state securities, municipal securities, corporate securities, etc. Institutional, organizational and technical conditions have not been created for the development of stock exchange trading in Ukraine. The purpose of the article is to study the current state of digital technologies of stock exchange trading in Ukraine. An analysis of stock exchange trading in Ukraine was carried out based on the analysis of general activity on the stock market, analysis of stock market segments and activities of operators of organized markets. In 2014–2017, the stock market of Ukraine was in a state of stagnation due to a decrease in trading volumes. The recovery of the activity of stock market participants took place in 2018–2021. Activity on the stock market of Ukraine is ensured mainly in the secondary segment. The share of the secondary market in the stock market of Ukraine in 2014–2021 was more than 97%. The digital technologies of the stock exchange "Perspektiva" (Electronic trading system, BIT eTrade Mail, BIT eTrade, BIT eTrade Future, BIT eTrade IPO, BIT ePayment, BIT eReport, etc.) are characterized. Further restoration of stock exchange trading in Ukraine and use of the potential of the stock market for the needs of economic recovery is possible only under certain conditions. There are an increase in the number of issuers of debt securities and equity securities, publicity of information about the stock market and stock market participants, protection of stock market participants, improvement of financial literacy of the population, improvement of digital technologies of stock exchange trading. It is possible to improve digital technologies and activate the digitization of stock exchange trading in Ukraine through the development of software products and mobile applications for all stock trading participants, the use of artificial intelligence, Big Data for the formation and organization of information on the stock market, the integration of digital technologies of stock exchange trading with state registers and open data services.
CREATIVITY IN TOURISM: A REGIONAL PERSPECTIVE
Authors:   Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design, Borysova Oksana , Hryniuk Diana ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Published: February 2023

The acuteness of the modern moment and the search for optimal solutions regarding the level of economic development stimulates the world society to think outside the box. States and regions in their development use advanced approaches and technologies. It is on creative thinking, as the chances of progress, that the emphasis is placed in the article. The historiography of creativity as a phenomenon, technology and process is analyzed with an emphasis on its importance in modern science. The practical usefulness of creative thinking is revealed through the understanding of modern tourism. The exceptional role of the tourism industry as a driver of the modern economy is noted. The multifactorial and multicultural nature of tourism is emphasized, because it is this segment of the economy that successfully combines historical retrospective, geographical conditionality, culture, education and digital. The creativity of tourism has an exceptional chance of local promotion and branding of various creative industries. Their set is transformed through a system of cultural events aimed at the implementation of creative ideas. Accordingly, the focus is on the development of festival tourism in general as a creative phenomenon. Cooperation with the EU countries is indicated among the features of the development of festival tourism in Ukraine. Taking into account the peculiarities of mutual development and research of European traditions, it contributes to strengthening the practical usefulness of creative industries, implemented through relevant programs: Cultural Bridges, Creative Europe, etc. As an example, the experience of involving creative industries in the tourist development of the historical "pearl" of the Poltava region – the city of Gadyach and its environs is traced. The historical and cultural significance of the city of Gadyach is monitored in the context of the development of event activities, which stimulates the formation of festival tourism on the potential of the city of Gadyach. The article analyzes a number cultural-educational and historical-cultural events in the period 2016–2021, which contributed to the branding and recognition of the city in the system of the tourism industry of Ukraine. Unfortunately, most of the planned events in 2022 have been postponed to the post-war period. However, today's challenges do not stop the development of tourism and require already now to develop creative solutions for the future. The creative environment emerging in tourism is critical for the production of commercial innovations, the development of the creative essence of a person. Festival tourism, as a creative phenomenon, is acquiring new forms and features in the system of the tourism industry of the world and Ukraine. This is one of the important drivers of the modern economy on the path of progress, even in times of uncertainty and challenges.
THE ROLE OF THE BRAND IN INCREASING THE ATTRACTIVENESS OF TOURIST DESTINATIONS
Authors:   Odessa National Economic University, Niecheva Natalia , Davidenko Irina ,   Odessa National Economic University
Published: February 2023

The article examines the role of the brand in increasing the attractiveness of tourist destinations. Branding has been found to provide many benefits to a destination, including reducing risk for the consumer, creating awareness, encouraging repeat visits through maintaining loyalty, and associating the area with something unique. Brand functions and brand hierarchies of tourist destinations are analyzed. It is emphasized that the brand of a tourist destination acts as a complex phenomenon for stimulating the tourist flow. A brand provides many benefits to a tourist destination, including reducing risk for the consumer, creating awareness, encouraging repeat visits through maintaining loyalty, and associating the area with something unique. As a management process aimed at forming a positive image and promoting the destination on the market, the brand contributes to attracting potential tourists, increasing the effectiveness of tourism enterprises, increasing the number of jobs, and providing additional funding to the economy of the destination. For tourist destinations, a brand is not just a name, it is a reflection of the nature of the destination and the "promise" of certain sensations – the beauty of natural landscapes, cultural wealth of local residents, special types of activity, intriguing spirit. For tourists, a destination brand is both an invitation to visit a place and an essential representation of the unique experiences that a tourist can get after arrival. It is important that the destination brand is not only a presented set of key characteristics of the destination (attractions, infrastructure, etc.), it is a representation of sensations, experiences, emotions that await the tourist, a representation of the possibility of satisfying the need for self-expression and recognition, a promise of emotional benefits. It is necessary to remember that tourists buy the feeling itself. First of all, a successful brand must be credible. The established brand identity must correspond to the real characteristics of the destination. The discrepancy between the brand and the reality of the destination leads to significant negative consequences. The discrepancy between the promise of the brand and what the tourist will receive in reality not only guarantees that the tourist will not return, but also assumes that he informs his surroundings about a negative experience.
ASSESSMENT OF THE PLACE OF UKRAINE IN THE SYSTEM OF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS
Authors:   State University of Trade and Economics, Zubko Tetiana
Published: February 2023

The article examines the peculiarities of Ukraine's strategic partnership during the pandemic, political and economic crises, integration processes, which significantly affect the state of the country in international business. The dynamics and trends of modern foreign policy relations contribute to the activation of strategic partnership between states and the search for new partners. It should be noted that in 2020, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations and Australia, China, the Republic of Korea, New Zealand and Japan signed the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) Agreement. Therefore, Ukraine is seriously determined to deepen relations with Asian countries and in recent years has been increasing the volume of foreign trade with the URVEP region. This is evidenced by the increase in turnover with it by 13.8% to 20.6 billion dollars USA in 2020. Accordingly, the shares of exports (18.8%) and imports (20.9%) with this region increased. It was determined that, in addition to the Eastern Partnership, Ukraine should develop Asian and American directions. The study determined the possibilities of realizing the export potential of Ukraine on the markets of the EU, Asia and Africa by calculating the relative comparative advantages by product groups. It was determined that trade with the EU does not provide significant benefits for Ukraine, as most export items do not create sufficient added value. Accordingly, it is necessary to correct the deformation of the commodity structure of export-import from the EU. According to the results of the study of the comparative advantages of Ukrainian exports on the markets of Asia, the EU and Africa, those product groups that have prospects for development, such as plant materials, natural and artificial fur, lead and its products, meat and by-products, have been determined. The results can be used to justify the state policy of supporting national producers of products with greater added value in order to create conditions for the formation of new and joining existing global value chains, which will significantly increase the level of economic security of Ukrainian trade enterprises.
SYNERGY OF CROSS-BORDER COOPERATION AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Leonid Yuzkov Khmelnytskyi University of Management and Law, Tereshchenko Tetiana , Khytra Olena ,   Leonid Yuzkov Khmelnytskyi University of Management and Law
Published: February 2023

The arguments regarding the expediency of using a synergistic methodology to understand the prerequisites, alternative directions and expected effects of regional development have been presented in the article. From the point of view of a synergistic approach, regions have a special status in the context of their relationship, on the one hand, with the system of the national economy (they act as an integral part of which primarily in the administrative and territorial aspect), and on the other hand, with the world economy (in the context of the processes of global regionalization and primarily due to cross-border cooperation programs). In the same way, individual business entities, having a territorial attachment and based on the use of local productive forces, can at the same time be part of various interregional associations, work both to strengthen the competitive advantages of the region, and fulfil national economic development tasks. The heterogeneity of regional systems, the presence of disproportions in the indicators of economic growth and the general asymmetry of regional development can be considered as signs of its non-linearity and, at the same time, as basic prerequisites for the establishment of cross-border cooperation, arising of emergent characteristics and effect of synergy in complex regional systems. The initiation of cross-border cooperation is associated with the passage of the “bifurcation point”, after which it is possible to achieve more advantageous spatio and temporal combinations of productive forces, which will ensure the maximum benefit from participation in interregional associations of various levels. It has been proposed to interpret the synergistic effect of cross-border cooperation as the result of the correct choice of attractive goals in the process of evolution of the regional system, which can be effectively achieved both by using its internal potential and by establishing mutually beneficial foreign economic ties, which ultimately leads to a rapid growth of economic indicators, social and environmental efficiency of the functioning of the regional economic complex, reducing the level of entropy (as a manifestation of disorganization and disorder), strengthening the competitive advantages of the region and increasing its importance in the context of the implementation of national strategic goals (including European integration policy).
BASIC ECONOMIC REGULATIONS OF GREEN TRANSFORMATIONS IN GLOBAL PRODUCTION
Authors:   Prydniprovska State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Chala Veronika ,   Kyiv National Economic University
Published: February 2023

The article emphasizes that at today's stage of economic globalization, the fundamental qualitative renovation of the technological base of public production occurs, its efficiency and competitiveness are increasing, as well as a "greening" of the world production complex and global sales chains is dynamically developing. These trends have their own internal drivers and patterns of ensuring transformational changes, which are the purpose and content of this article. The article proposes the key regularities of modern transformational changes in world production that reflect their ecological imperative and systemic nature from the point of view of building a global green ecosystem. The peculiarities of sectoral diversification of the global production complex are characterized as one of the patterns of green transformations in global production. The presence of another global regularity, which proves the systemic nature of green transformational changes in world production – its digitization – has been substantiated in the article. It has been proved that in the complex characteristics of the key patterns of the development of the systemic green transformation of global production, a special place is occupied by the intellectualization of production management and organization systems based on the computerization of existing management systems. A characteristic of the regularity of networking as such, which finds its material embodiment in deep structural transformations of current organizational structures of global business, has been given. The author emphasizes that another objective regularity of its systemic green transformations is closely related to the global trend of networking of world production – there is horizontal structuring and deconcentration of production processes. It has been proved that among the objective regularities of the systemic green transformation in global production, the trend towards its dematerialization also deserves special attention. The author calls decarbonization with a deep structural crisis of the traditional energy sector the next economic regularity that testifies to the systemic nature of modern processes of green transformation in global production.
FORMATION OF THE STRATEGY OF "DIRECT" SALES OF THE PRODUCTION AND CONSTRUCTION ORGANIZATION
Authors:   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Oklander Tetiana , Shcherbyna Oleh ,   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Published: February 2023

The development of the construction business, the use of the latest technologies, the improvement of construction methods and, at the same time, the emergence of a new generation of builders with modern communication approaches necessitate the improvement of the sales strategy. The direction of the building materials market has a number of features in terms of "direct" sales, which encourages the creation of a unique strategy for production and construction organizations. A prerequisite for the creation of a successful strategy is to improve the personal qualities of the manager, both in terms of professional expertise in the products and services of the enterprise, and in successful interpersonal communication and interaction with potential customers of the company, knowledge and practical skills in the application of sales technology, etc. The authors consider the impact of different channels on the number of sales of the organization and proposed the main tasks for the formation of a strategy of "direct" sales. Special attention was paid to the most effective sources of information about construction projects of various types, which, in turn, allowed to constantly monitor the sequence of work, obtain the necessary documentation of the developer, identify the design features of the building, learn about the construction technologies used at the facility. This approach makes it possible to minimize the time spent on the initial stage of sales – search, collection and structuring of information about potential customers. The analysis of the obtained data of the used strategy, taking into account all these components, was carried out, which allowed, firstly, to work out the entire territory and not to lose the opportunity to "contact" with each potential client, and secondly, to be fully prepared for a meeting with the customer, which will become a solid foundation of sales technology. Based on the data obtained, the effectiveness of the considered strategy and the sales department as a whole is shown. As a result, the most effective algorithm for sales of materials in the construction market is proposed.
ORGANIZATIONAL ASPECTS OF TRADE CLUSTER ACTIVITY UNDER THE ECONOMY DIGITAL TRANSFORMATIONS
Authors:   State Biotechnological University, Chmil Hanna
Published: February 2023

The theoretical and practical features of the trade cluster’s formation and implementation under the digital transformations are researched in the research paper. It is determined that the trade cluster is complex megafunctional system of interaction between stakeholders, and its operation is aimed at the sustainable social and economic development conditions providing. The paradigmatic and missionary basis of the trade cluster is initiated by the digital economy conditions, respectively – from the innovative approaches and technologies introduction to the trade cluster methodological basis formation for providing its emergent properties creation. The infographic model of the trade cluster is proposed for cluster efficiency increasing; its architecture consists of three interconnected blocks: input information block; organizational and technological block and trade cluster results block. It is proved that the model allows stimulating the development of organizational and qualification potential of its members, providing broad integrative opportunities of the cluster for new stakeholders attracting, increasing their efficiency and strengthening its diversification through transparent communication relations, which are provided by digital interactivity, which in turn allows enhancing investment attractiveness of the trade cluster and its broad support. It is found that one of the main problems of cluster formation and development is the lack of proper communication between science, business and government, so for creating preconditions of trade cluster effective operation the organizational model of digital communication between trade cluster stakeholders is proposed, which allows organizing and grouping communication effective channels between cluster formation stakeholders for its work effective implementation and the strategic goal achieving – emergence effect creation due to the cluster system megafunctionality
MAIN TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE RESIDENTIAL INVINCIBILITY SECTOR IN UKRAINE
Authors:   O.M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Biletskyi Ihor
Published: February 2023

The article examines the main trends in the development of the construction sector of residential real estate in Ukraine. It was emphasized that the dynamics of the development of construction activity was quite unstable, both a slowdown and an acceleration of the pace of the index of construction products were periodically observed, but in the end it was possible to surpass the results of the previous year; in addition, the activity of the industry was ensured by stable support from the state (active financing of "Big construction" projects aimed at improving transport and social infrastructure), which became the main investor in conditions of weak investment activity. The main increase in the volume of completed construction works was observed at the end of the construction season, when, in order to utilize budget funds against the background of favorable weather conditions, the implementation of construction projects was carried out at a high pace. In addition, the launch of a mortgage lending program aimed at creating opportunities for Ukrainians to purchase housing on acceptable terms was implemented, as well as the priorities of spending public funds, which was reflected in the increased propensity of the population to more rational distribution of expenses and preservation of saved funds through their investment in housing assets, which contributed to the increase in housing construction. As a result, at the end of 2021, the index of construction products increased by 6.8% (in 2020 +5.6%). The share of new construction was 29.6%, repairs (capital and current) – 45.1%, and reconstruction and technical re-equipment – 25.3%. It was found that today the housing market remains one of the most attractive sectors for investment: by investing in residential construction, investors (both construction companies and citizens) seek to reliably protect against depreciation and increase their capital, that is, in fact, this industry has become a substitute for the stock market. It was also noted that there is practically no construction of industrial facilities in Ukraine, since the implementation of such projects requires significant investments, which are not available. The investor, both foreign and domestic, in the situation in which the economy of Ukraine is, does not want to take risks and invest in construction in Ukraine. The main factors of the functioning of the housing market are distinguished by groups: economic; social; investment; informative; sanitizing; controlling and regulating.
THE MECHANISM FOR REGULATING OF DISPARITIES OF UKRAINE REGIONS’ DEVELOPMENT: UPDATING THE APPROACHES TO ITS IMPLEMENTATION
Authors:   Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman, Shevchenko Olga
Published: February 2023

The article reveals the need to implement a mechanism for regulating of disparities on a new basis, which is caused by the violation of the established structure of socio-economic sphere of the regions as a result of military actions in Ukraine. Its idea is to prevent excessive growth of disparities and to effectively use disparities that are not of a dangerous nature. The components of the disparity regulation mechanism (algorithm for determining of disparities, their evaluation and interpretation, modeling of their dynamics) are determined. The general principles and tools for the implementation of the mechanism for regulating regional development disparities in Ukraine are outlined. It is shown that the taking into account the structural changes in the socio-economic sphere of region and the growing disproportionality of regions forms the basis for ensuring the dynamism and flexibility of such a mechanism. It is highlighted that based on the combination of regulation of investment activity, strategic planning of regions and budget planning in the region, a practical mechanism of influence on the size of disparities is being formed. Using a set of proposed measures to influence disproportionality, it is possible to achieve predetermined indicators of the size of disparities and ensure regulation of regional development disparities. It was revealed that the effective functioning of the disparity regulation mechanism makes it possible to develop scenarios and strategies for disparity regulation in the shortand long-term dimensions. It is implemented through the scenarios of regulation of disparities (basic, moderate, enhanced and shock impact). On the basis of such a mechanism, it is possible to develop strategies for regulating regional development disparities (reduction, maintenance at a certain level, smoothing and optimal using) and measures to reduce their huge figures. Updating the mechanism of regulation of disparities in the development of Ukraine's regions is the basis for improving the scenarios of impact on disparities and developing measures to regulate disparities.
PECULIARITIES OF THE ANALYSIS OF LABOR COSTS ORGANIZATION
Authors:   Zaporizhzhia National University, Varlamova Iryna , Hanza Alina ,   Zaporizhzhia National University
Published: February 2023

The article is devoted to the organization of accounting processes for the payment of wages, conducting analytical measures to assess the state of the calculation of wages, the effectiveness of the use of wage funds, and the identification of reserves for the material stimulation of employees. An analysis of the calculation of wages and mandatory payments was carried out. A comparison of different pay systems at the enterprise was also made. Accounting processes are associated with the processing of a significant number of primary documents and personal information of the employee, requiring significant efforts to prevent errors and promptness in reflecting changes in the number of employees and worked shifts, addition of personal information, legislative adjustments on the accounting of wages and their accruals, adoption of operational decisions on financial incentives for employees. This direction is mandatory at every enterprise and occupies one of the main places in the accounting system at every enterprise. It is important for an accountant to know the basics of labor legislation, to monitor the correct application of the approved tariff rates and salaries by managers, to fill out primary documents on time worked, production, and to have documents confirming the right to additional payments for time not worked. Wages are in the center of attention of various interested parties – employees, owners, tax authorities, trade unions, government structures. For each of the parties, the value of wages is estimated differently, but the slowness of accrual and retention affects the interests of all. Many authors put the problem of accounting for wages in the main place among other aspects of the accounting system. Wages are the most important means of increasing the interest of workers in the results of their work, their productivity, increasing the volume of manufactured products, improving their quality and assortment. Labor costs are one of the components of the cost of finished products and services. The assessment of the dynamics, composition and structure of the wage fund at the enterprise includes the calculation of absolute and relative deviations of the actual value of the wage fund from the planned one, as well as a comparison of the hourly, daily and monthly wage fund. This makes it possible to detect overspends of the wage fund both in terms of personnel as a whole and in individual categories.
ECONOMIC AND MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF FUTURES CONTRACTS
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine ", Tsesliv Olha ,   Kyiv Polytechnic Institute named after Igor Sikorsky", Tsesliv Oleksandr ,   Kyiv National University named after Taras Shevchenko, Deineko Myroslava ,   National Technical University of Ukraine "Kyiv Polytechnic Institute named after Igor Sikorsky"
Published: February 2023

In the article, the tendencies of the development of stock markets are considered. The study of stock markets today is gaining theoretical and practical importance. Financial markets are the basis of market relations and an important indicator of the state of the economy. The financial market not only directs the flow of funds from owners of savings to borrowers, but also determines the equilibrium price for goods In Ukraine recently, in connection with its inclusion in the world financial market system, there is an urgent need to study price dynamics in different segments of the stock market. At this stage, mathematical methods are being developed for irregular behavior in financial markets study. In this work, methods of nonlinear algebraic equations are used for forecasting the price of futures contracts. In these methods, nonlinear algebraic equations, also called equations with polynomials, are defined as equations with polynomials. Considered the method of price forecasting of futures contracts based on a nonlinear trend model quadratic parabola. Traditional methods of modelling the dynamics of stock market indicators, such as: stochastic and approach based on the theory of deterministic chaos, require additional research. Methods of stochastic analysis occupy an important place in modelling the pricing of various financial instruments. Despite the simplicity of the model, it has a significant drawback – the price of the asset can acquire negative values, which do not correspond to the economic content. The problem of correct description of stochastic variables corresponding to certain financial indicators is inherent in several other models. One of the ways to solve this problem is devoted to this article. The article develops a mathematical model of the dynamics of futures contracts in the financial market, which is based on a system of nonlinear differential equations. The algorithm of the developed scheme of adaptation model adaptation scheme. The mathematical model based on the theory of deterministic chaos. Calculations are carried out on the example of US coffee futures. The results of the calculations are provided.
FEATURES OF THE ANTI-CRISIS MANAGEMENT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF RAILWAY TRANSPORT ENTERPRISES
Authors:   Ukrainian State University of Railway Transport, Obruch Hanna , Lisniak Kateryna ,   Ukrainian State University of Railway Transport, Tkachuk Yevheniia ,   Ukrainian State University of Railway Transport
Published: February 2023

Transformational changes in the global economic environment and increasing military-political and macroeconomic instability in the country lead to increasing threats to the stable functioning of domestic business entities. In less than eight months of military conflict, the country lost a fifth of its territory, where a significant share of the country's industrial and resource potential was concentrated. Critical infrastructure, such as railway transport, is being destroyed on a large scale, and exports and domestic consumption are sharply reduced. Taking into account the strategic importance of railway transport for the economic revival of the country, the current state of industry enterprises is studied and the key problems of their functioning are clarified. The expediency of using anti-crisis management for the development of railway transport enterprises in the context of increasing external and internal threats is proved. The essence of the concept of crisis management is studied, its key features and differences are clarified. The stages and tools of anti-crisis management of the development of railway transport enterprises in the context of digitalization are formed and developed. A special feature of this proposal is the selection of traditional, adaptive and progressive scenarios for anti-crisis management of the development of railway industry enterprises and tools for their implementation. In particular, the traditional scenario is quite conservative and involves the use of affordable equipment and technologies, the implementation of which is extremely necessary. The adaptive scenario is focused on the implementation of some of the latest technical and technological solutions, the use of which will help to stabilize the activities of railway transport enterprises and thereby improve their competitive position. The progressive scenario aims to apply the latest digital solutions to achieve strategic and tactical priorities for the development of industry enterprises and achieve leading positions in the digital competition in the railway transportation market.
EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF IMPLEMENTING DIGITAL INNOVATIONS IN RAILWAY TRANSPORT ENTERPRISES
Authors:   Ukrainian State University of Railway Transport, Obruch Hanna , Ulianchenko Alona ,   Ukrainian State University of Railway Transport
Published: February 2023

The article analyzes the investment policy of railway transport enterprises and establishes the limited investment resources for implementing the latest digital solutions in the industry. It is indicated that the system of innovation and technological support for the development of railway transport enterprises in the conditions of their adaptation to digital challenges should be supported by a number of local innovation projects that will ensure the timely implementation of global technological solutions aimed at the formation of a “smart railway” and on this basis the gradual digitization of business segments of the industry's enterprises. It is noted that the introduction of such innovative measures will reduce energy consumption, reduce operating costs, create fundamentally new working conditions for industry workers, increase labor productivity and improve the quality indicators of rolling stock use, and therefore they must necessarily be subject to assessment and effective management impact. The expediency of developing methodological aspects for evaluating the effectiveness of implementing innovative digital projects at railway transport enterprises is proved. The article examines the existing scientific approaches to assessing the effectiveness of implementing innovative solutions, including in the field of railway transport. A methodological approach to assessing the effectiveness of implementing digital solutions at railway transport enterprises is proposed, which provides for calculating the economic effect achieved by optimizing costs, increasing the profitability of business segments of railway industry enterprises and increasing the cost of their business as a result of implementing digital changes, and a synergistic effect that takes into account the leveling of digital asymmetry of participants in the innovation process and improving their digital communication. It is noted that the application of this methodology in the activities of railway transport enterprises will contribute to the adoption of informed management decisions in the direction of high-quality digital modernization of the activities of industry enterprises.