bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Forensic Archaeology in Cyprus
Authors: Ktori Maria
Published: August 2022

Forensic sciences is the umbrella term used to describe the different disciplines used in resolving forensic medicolegal, criminal, and humanitarian investigations. Physical anthropology played a key role since the inception of the field, and forensic anthropologists are often in charge of the recovery of human remains. The use of archaeological methods, first advocated in the late 1970s, developed into what we call today forensic archaeology; that is, the scientific discipline combining archaeological theories, methods, and field techniques with criminalistics in the context of a forensic investigation. This study follows the birth and development of forensic archaeology in Cyprus, as implemented by foreign experts and Cypriot scientists in the Republic of Cyprus. The author discusses examples from both criminal and humanitarian forensic investigations, their respective contexts, and the stakeholders involved to illustrate the different trajectories in Cypriot forensic archaeology. This shows that in some respects the discipline remains nascent, while in others there is a high level of local expertise that can be developed further.

Funding: This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

Declaration of Competing Interest: The author reports no declarations of interest.
Rechtsfragen des Influencer-Marketings
Authors: Wuttke Dennis
Published: August 2022

Influencer-Marketing ist populärer denn je. Spätestens seit den Entscheidungen LG München I „Cathy Hummels“ und LG Karlsruhe „Pamela Reif“ genießt die Thematik besondere Aufmerksamkeit in Rechtsprechung und Literatur. Auch die Gesetzgeber haben dem Influencer-Marketing bei der Novellierung des Medien- und Lauterkeitsrechts besondere Bedeutung beigemessen. Im Fokus der Untersuchung steht die Plattform Instagram. Vor diesem Hintergrund setzt sich der Autor mit grundlegenden Fragen auseinander:

- Wann handelt es sich bei der Betätigung von Influencern um eine Werbung/kommerzielle Kommunikation/geschäftliche Handlung?

- Welche Informationspflichten spielen beim Influencer-Marketing auf Instagram eine Rolle?

- Welche Maßnahmen müssen Influencer treffen, um die Anforderungen der Informationspflichten zu erfüllen? Wie sind diese Maßnahmen auf Instagram umzusetzen?

- Sind diese Anforderungen bzw. Maßnahmen zur Umsetzung mit den Grundrechten der Influencer zu vereinbaren?

- Ist der Plattformanbieter für eigene Verstöße gegen die Informationspflichten verantwortlich? Bestehen darüber hinaus auch Pflichten des Plattformanbieters, bei der Erfüllung der Informationspflichten des Influencers mitzuwirken?
The Right to Have Rights in the Americas
Authors: Davis Benjamin P. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: August 2022

This article examines how Hannah Arendt’s idea of a “right to have rights” could travel in the Americas. It offers a reading of the right to have rights that foregrounds the right to land as a basic right. This reading emerges through an attention to contemporary Indigenous social movements and political philosophy. Taken together, this examination and reading ask justice-oriented actors to support land back movements as part of a broader practice of defending human rights and situating those rights within a responsibility to land.
Martensina thailandica gen. et sp. nov. a freshwater ostracod representing a new subfamily of Cyprididae, Martensininae subfam. nov. (Crustacea: Ostracoda) from Thailand
Authors: Savatenalinton Sukonthip
Published: August 2022

Martensina thailandica gen. et sp. nov., a freshwater ostracod species representing a new subfamily, Martensininae subfam. nov., in the family Cyprididae, is here described from a swamp in Maha Sarakham Province, Thailand. The new genus and species is mainly characterized by the 7-segmented antennula which has a Rome organ and remarkably long aesthetasc ya, the morphology of the sexually dimorphic antenna (A2), the markedly elongated A2 terminal segment, the short and thin α- and β-setae on the mandibular palp, the elongated terminal segment of the maxillula, the obviously 2-segmented male prehensile palp, the presence of d1 and d2 setae on the protopod of the second thoracopod (T2), the sexually dimorphic T2, the distinctive terminal segment of the third thoracopod bearing three long setae, the well-developed caudal ramus, the large hemipenis which has a complex internal structure, and the Zenker organ with funnel-shaped ends and numerous spiny whorls.
The Future of the Corporation: the avenues for legal change
Authors: Palombo Dalia
Published: August 2022

This article aims at analysing what could be the legal avenues to frame the future of the corporation. It focuses on fulfilling the Purpose and Do No Harm Objectives. The Purpose Objective should re-connect directors, shareholders and stakeholders in order to ensure that businesses rediscover their original function to serve the needs of society. To meet this goal, the article proposes changes in the laws regulating corporate governance. The future company could adopt a pluralistic approach, considering stakeholders fundamental actors, along shareholders and the board, in its corporate governance. The Do No Harm Objective should ensure that businesses are accountable when they damage the stakeholders affected by their activities. In order to meet this goal, the article proposes the introduction of enforcement mechanisms that would allow stakeholders to effectively enforce their rights.
The purposeful corporation and the role of the finance industry
Authors: Pitt-Watson David , Mann Hari
Published: August 2022

The finance industry�banks, insurers, fund managers and the rest�play a pivotal role in our economy. In particular they have a profound influence on the behaviour of our corporations and the individuals that work for them. To provide its services, the finance industry has considerable powers in corporate governance. So, if we are to reconceptualise the purpose of the corporation, this article argues that we also need to do the same for the role of the finance industry. The article begins with a review of the limited literature around �the purpose of the finance industry�. It then poses the question about what that purpose should be, whether the industry�s current practices are adequately fulfilling that purpose, and how this affects corporate behaviour. The article argues that if the finance industry itself were more purposeful, that would help to promote purposeful companies. Finally, the article makes a series of recommendations on how stakeholders can create a model of change within the industry to support purposeful outcomes.
Principles of purposeful business: illustrative examples
Authors: Ebert Charles , Hurth Victoria
Published: August 2022

In this article, we identify examples of business practices currently or recently implemented that illustrate one or more of the Principles for Purposeful Business as defined by the British Academy�s Future of the Corporation programme in 2019. We draw on existing networks and sources to identify examples which are predominantly large publicly listed corporations where we feel some of the greatest challenges to adopting the principles are likely to be. The examples are drawn from companies which generally express a purpose, though their inclusion in this article does not mean the company is necessarily a �purposeful business�. We draw on insights from stakeholder interviews, academic writings, practitioner articles, company reports, press releases, and legal documents from government sources. Our findings illustrate some of the types of practices that may be required to implement the Principles for Purposeful Business. These descriptive examples can be taken as starting points for further exploration, analysis and research.
Experiência com mídias sociais para ações em saúde com idosos durante a pandemia Covid-19
Authors: Gallo Adriana Martins , Araujo Juliane Pagliari , Siraichi Jackeline Tiemy Guinoza , Souza Djennyfer Abreu , Soares Cristiano Schebeleski , Carreira Ligia
Published: August 2022

Objetivo: relatar a experiência de uso de mídias sociais para ações em saúde com idosos durante a pandemia Covid-19. Método: trata-se de um relato de experiência do projeto de extensão intitulado “Vovôs e vovós conectados: ligados na Internet na qualidade de vida”, realizado de abril a dezembro de 2020, mediado por interações síncronas e assíncronas, utilizando ferramentas digitais e discutido à luz da Política do Envelhecimento Ativo e da Década do Envelhecimento Saudável. Resultados: as abordagens virtuais basearam-se em: informações e combate às fake news sobre Covid-19; apoio emocional; promoção de saúde; e uso de tecnologia. Conclusão: evidenciou-se que o uso orientado de mídias sociais pelos idosos contribui de maneira eficaz para a manutenção das relações sociais e promoção da saúde na perspectiva do envelhecimento saudável mesmo durante uma crise sanitária de repercussão mundial.
The vocabulary of agriculture semi-popularization articles in English: A corpus-based study
Authors: Qiaoli Quan  , Liu Yanqing
Published: August 2022

Based on the obtained research results, this paper makes an in-depth study of English vocabulary interpretation retrieval technology, and proposes a corpus based automatic retrieval technology of English vocabulary interpretation. This paper adopts the basic idea of text formalization in the field of natural language processing, uses part of speech, grammar and semantic markers to formalize the interpretation of English vocabulary, and mainly adopts the way of using vocabulary and various markers separately or mixed to serialize the interpretation of English vocabulary. In order to analyze the user input English vocabulary, the first step is to segment the user input natural language, and then extract the key words which can express the meaning of the sentence. The construction of English vocabulary interpretation domain ontology based on corpus needs a set of perfect engineering system method. The automatic retrieval model of English vocabulary interpretation is constructed to realize the automatic retrieval of English vocabulary interpretation. The constructed automatic retrieval model of English vocabulary interpretation includes grammar analysis subsystem and grammar analysis subsystem. Through comparative experiments, it is verified that the retrieval response time of this technology is shorter, and the retrieval performance is improved.
Moderate to severe neonatal encephalopathy with suspected hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy in cooled term infants born in Tygerberg Academic Hospital: Characteristics of fetal monitoring and modifiable factors
Authors: Adams T , Mason D , Gebhardt G S
Published: August 2022

Background. In South Africa, in babies >2 500 g, intrapartum asphyxia is the main cause of neonatal death or stillbirth in those who were alive prior to labour. In a developing population, ~60% of neonatal encephalopathy (NE) has evidence of intrapartum hypoxic ischaemia. Therapeutic hypothermia for term babies born with NE can improve neonatal prognosis and long-term survival.

Objectives. To identify the healthcare worker- and system-related modifiable factor(s) that were associated with NE in babies of ≥36 weeks’ gestation born at Tygerberg Hospital (a secondary/tertiary referral hospital) between 1 January 2016 and 30 December 2018.

Methods. This was an observational cross-sectional study analysing data from the Tygerberg Hospital Hypoxic Ischaemic Encephalopathy database, the electronic labour ward register, the mortality database and clinical data from patient folders.

Results. A total of 118 babies were admitted for head cooling, and therefore included in the study. The hospital in-born rate for serious encephalopathy is 5.5/1 000 in singleton live-born babies (9/1 000 rate for live-born deliveries ≥36 weeks). A sentinel event was identified in 19 (16%) cases. Delay in accessing theatre was the main system-related modifiable factor (25/58 or 43% of cases delivered by emergency caesarean delivery). The average decision-to-incision time was 1 hour 40 minutes, while the average bed occupancy in the emergency maternity centre was 102%. Failure to recognise or respond to an abnormal cardiotocograph was the dominant avoidable factor related to healthcare workers in 34 cases (36.4%).

Conclusion. Babies born with severe NE place a burden on parents, healthcare staff and resources. Careful intrapartum care, including utilisation of protocols for the use of oxytocin, are imperative. It is recommended that improved access to emergency theatres and appropriately trained staff for maternity units should be a priority for healthcare planners.
Solving the Problems of Childhood Neglect and Homelessness through the social Policy of the USSR 1936-1953 (based on the materials of the Baikal region)
Authors: Burdina Daria Aleksandrovna
Published: August 2022

The article is devoted to the study of one of the urgent problems of childhood - neglect and homelessness. The object of the study is the social policy of the USSR in 1930-1950, within the framework of which the Soviet authorities had to solve this problem and ensure the preservation of the younger generation. The subject of the study is the process of implementing social politics in the Baikal region. In particular, the author touches upon the issues of regulatory and legal support for the fight against homelessness and childhood neglect, highlights the features and difficulties of fighting in wartime. The statistical data on the region in comparison with the all-Union indicators are given, as well as an assessment of the effectiveness of the activities carried out. The article emphasizes the importance of measures of the social policy of the USSR in relation to the problems of neglect and homelessness, however, the lack of consistency in the implementation of these measures, as well as the existence of problems related to the financing of children's institutions, is noted. The novelty of the research lies in bringing as a source base a wide range of unpublished materials, including archival documents, sources of personal origin, periodicals and statistics. The author comes to the conclusion that social policy in relation to childhood was not implemented effectively enough, despite the fact that it was based on ideological principles that united the population in the fight against common problems.
Evolution of pathogenicity in obligate fungal pathogens and allied genera
Authors: RoyChowdhury Moytri , Sternhagen Jake , Xin Ya , Lou Binghai , Li Xiaobai , Li Chunnan
Published: August 2022

Obligate fungal pathogens (ascomycetes and basidiomycetes) and oomycetes are known to cause diseases in cereal crop plants. They feed on living cells and most of them have learned to bypass the host immune machinery. This paper discusses some of the factors that are associated with pathogenicity drawing examples from ascomycetes, basidiomycetes and oomycetes, with respect to their manifestation in crop plants. The comparisons have revealed a striking similarity in the three groups suggesting convergent pathways that have arisen from three lineages independently leading to an obligate lifestyle. This review has been written with the intent, that new information on adaptation strategies of biotrophs, modifications in pathogenicity strategies and population dynamics will improve current strategies for breeding with stable resistance.
Readiness of the primary health care units and associated factors for the management of hypertension and type II diabetes mellitus in Sidama, Ethiopia
Authors: Mulugeta Tigist Kebede , Kassa Dejene Hailu
Published: August 2022

Background

In low-income nations such as Ethiopia, noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are becoming more common. The Ethiopian Ministry of Health has prioritized NCD prevention, early diagnosis, and management. However, research on the readiness of public health facilities to address NCDs, particularly hypertension and type II diabetes mellitus, is limited.

Methods

The study used a multistage cluster sampling method and a health facility-based cross-sectional study design. A total of 83 health facilities were evaluated based on WHO’s Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) tool to investigate the availability of services and the readiness of the primary health care unit (PHCU) to manage type II diabetes and Hypertension. Trained data collectors interviewed with PHCU head or NCD focal persons. The study tried to investigate (1) the availability of basic amenities and the four domains: staff and guidelines, basic equipment, diagnostic materials, and essential medicines used to manage DM and HPN, (2) the readiness of the PHCU to manage DM and HPN. The data were processed by using SPSS version 24. Descriptive statistics, including frequency and percentage, inferential statistics like the chi-square test, and logistic regression models were used to analyze the data.

Results

Of the 82 health facilities, only 29% and 28% of the PHCU identified as ready to manage HPN and DM. Facility type, facility location, presence of guidelines, trained staff, groups of antihypertensive and antidiabetic medicines had a significant impact (P < 0.05) on the readiness of the PHCU to manage HPN and DM at a 0.05 level of significance. Facilities located in urban were 8.2 times more likely to be ready to manage HPN cases than facilities located in rural (AOR = 8.2, 95% CI [2.4–28.5]) and P < 0.05.

Conclusion and recommendation

The results identified comparatively poor and deprived readiness to offer HPN and DM services at lower-level health facilities(health centers). Equipping the lower-level health facilities with screening and diagnostic materials, essential medicines, and provision of basic training for the health care providers and NCD guidelines should be available, especially in the lower health care facilities.
Diagnosis and potential invasion risk of Thrips parvispinus under current and future climate change scenarios
Authors: Hulagappa Timmanna , Baradevanal Gundappa , Surpur Shwetha , Raghavendra Devaramane , Doddachowdappa Sagar , R. Shashank Pathour , Kereyagalahalli Mallaiah Kumaranag , Bedar Jamuna
Published: August 2022

Background and Objective

Invasive thrips, Thrips parvispinus Karny recently reported in India, causing a widespread severe infestation in more than 0.4 million ha of chilli (Capsicum annum L.) growing areas. This species is native to Thailand and most prevalent in other South East Asian countries. Large scale cultivation of the major host plants (chilli and papaya), and favourable climatic conditions in India and other countries similar to native range of Thrips parvispinus expected to favour its further spread and establishment to new areas.

Materials and Methods

The present study was undertaken to confirm invasive thrips species identity through both morphological and molecular approaches and predict its potential invasion using the maximum entropy (MaxEnt) algorithm.

Results

The model predicted species range in respect of discrimination of suitable and unsuitable areas for its occurrence both in current and future climatic scenarios. The model provided a good fit for species distribution with a high value of area under the curve (0.957). The jackknife test indicated annual mean temperature and precipitation were found to be the most important bioclimatic variable in determining the distribution of T. parvispinus. High suitability areas were predicted in the countries wherever its occurrence was reported with high discrimination ability of suitable and unsuitable areas. Key distinguishing morphological characters of T. parvispinus were illustrated through high-resolution scanning electron microscopic images.

Conclusion

The identity of the thrips causing wide spread damage in chilli confirmed through morphological and molecular approaches. Key identifying characters were described through high resolution scanning electron microscopic images for accurate identification of the species. MaxEnt model identified high suitability regions for the potential establishment of T. parvispinus in India and other parts of the world. This study facilitates forecasting of further spread and also suggests imposing strict domestic quarantine measures to curtail its establishment in the new areas.
Association between changes in social capital and mental well-being among older people in China
Authors: Wang Huihui , Zhang Jingni , Yu Zhenfan , Hu Naifan , Du Yurun , He Xiaoxue , Pan Degong , Pu Lining , Zhang Xue , Li Jiangping
Published: August 2022

Background

The mental well-being of older people has become social concern under aging times in China. Social capital has been linked to mental well-being. Our aims were to explore how social capital and the state of mental well-being of older people were changing and what the relationship between them was.

Methods

Data were from six waves of the China Family Panel Studies that were conducted between 2010 and 2020, and a total of 1,055 participants aged 60 and over were included in the analysis. The Generalized Estimated Equation model (GEE) was used to clarify the long-term relationship, and to use GEE we first defined how time points were related, in other words, an appropriate working correlation structure was supposed to choose. Therefore, correlation coefficient between measurements at two time points was calculated to choose the exchange structure. All the analyses were performed in the statistical software Stata 15.0.

Results

The mental well-being of older people has deteriorated over time, especially we found that between 2014 and 2016, the mental well-being of older people plummeted. In addition, cognitive social capital was positively correlated with mental well-being, while structural social capital was inverse.

Conclusions

Policymakers are supposed to take into account the long-term impact of cognitive and structural social capital on the mental well-being of older people and to provide them with projects aimed at increasing cognitive social capital and turning the pressure of structural social capital into a source of happiness in life.
Tomato Cultivation and Farmers’ Knowledge on Selected Foliar Fungal Diseases in Agro- Ecological Zones of Kirinyaga County, Kenya
Authors: Fredrick Ogolla O. , Benson Onyango O. , Moses Muraya M.
Published: August 2022

Diseases are hindrance to tomato production in Kirinyaga County, Kenya. However, information on farmer’s knowledge about tomato diseases to warrant pesticide usage is scanty. Further, there is information gap on disease predisposing factor such as varietal choice and seed source. This study assessed the tomato farmers’ socio characteristic, varieties grown, seed source and knowledge of selected foliar fungal disease among tomato farmers in agro-ecological zones (AEZs) of Kirinyaga County. A cross sectional survey design that in cooperated purposive sampling and snowballing approaches was adopted in the study. Data were collected from 120 tomato farmers using structured questionnaires. A chi square (Ӽ2) test was used to examine the association between different variables at α= 0.05 using SAS version 9.4. No significant association (p > 0.05) was observed between gender of farmers and AEZ. Nonetheless, there were more men (83.33%) than women (16.67%). Terminator F1 variety was popular among farmers (25%). No significance (p > 0.05) association was observed between source of tomato planting material and AEZs. However, Agrovet was a popular seed source among farmers (40%). The reasons for choosing a particular tomato variety was significantly (p < 0.05) associated with the AEZ with 40.83% of farmers preferring tomato varieties with good marketability traits such as fruit size. Farmers’ knowledge of causative agent of early blight, late blight and Septoria leaf spot was significantly (p < 0.05) associated with AEZs. The source of farmer’s knowledge on tomato foliar fungal diseases was not significantly (p > 0.05) associated with AEZ. However, farming experiences was a popular source of knowledge (51.67%) among farmers. Inability of some farmers to identify tomato diseases negates the efforts on disease management in tomato production in Kirinyaga County. Therefore, measures such as coordinated education on tomato diseases is necessary to empower farmers on disease causes and identification to enhance disease management and improve tomato yields in Kirinyaga County in Kenya.
The Effect of Butterfly Pea (Clitoria ternatea) Against Fish Pathogens: A Mini-review
Authors: Pratiwi Dian Yuni , Pratiwy Fittrie Meyllianawaty
Published: August 2022

Butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea) is a plant with the potentiality to inhibit the fish pathogens because its rich of bioactive compounds. Leaves, stems, roots and flowers contain diverse substances among which there are alkaloids, tannins, glycosides, terpenoids, phenols, reducing sugars, flavonoids etc. The secondary metabolites in leaves reported can inhibit the pathogens such as Aeromonas formicans, Aeromonas hydrophilia, Streptococcus agalactiae, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus subtilis. The roots can inhibit Pseudomonas aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae. The bioactive compounds in flowers and seeds can inhibit B. subtilis, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, Klebsiella spp. Different part of plant give different effect to inhibit the growth of pathogens because it contains different types and levels of secondary metabolites. In addition, the different solvent used in extraction process give difference result to prevent the growth of disease microorganism in fish with the inhibition zone ranged 7-28 mm.
Microbial Assessment of Slaughter Slabs at the Central Slaughterhouse of Ado Ekiti
Authors: Arire E. O. , Sulaimon A. O. , Samuel C. M.
Published: August 2022

This study was aimed at assessing the presence of microbes in the selected slaughter slabs in other to inform the Animal scientists, Public health workers, Butchers and Meat vendors to know the risk pose to human health with contaminated meat.

A total of 50 sterile swab sticks were used to collect the samples from five abattoir slaughter slabs surfaces in Ado-Ekiti central abattoir with ten swab samples from each slaughter slab. After collection the samples were immediately transported to laboratory for microbiological studies. Trypticase-soya-agar (TSA) was used as medium for the samples, while chloramphenicol was used in replacement to trophic bacteria and Sabouraud-glucosea-gar (SGA) for fungi. The incubation of Petri dishes were set at 37ºC for 48 – 72hrs while daily observation of the cultures were carried out with the use of stereoscopic microscope for the presence of fungal mycelium and or bacterial colonies. The results revealed that bacterial count mean value was 1.83 × 105 CFU/ml and fungal count mean value was 0.59 × 105 CFU/ml. A total of eight strains of bacteria comprises of gram positive and gram negative bacteria from all the samples were isolated, Staphylococcus aureus had the highest percentage of occurrences (33%), followed by Escherichia coli (26%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (19%), while other prevalence bacteria have 5% each. In the fungi samples, isolation of four strains were carried out, from all the total fungal count, Aspergillus flavus had the highest number of occurrence with approximately 40%, Penicillium spp had 28%, and 8% occurrence for the lowest fungal count. It is shown in the study that the meat has higher contamination potential from the slaughter slab surfaces. With the result shown, contamination rate could be attributed to poor sanitation level, and proper measure and attention was not given to hygienic practices in the Central abattoir in Ado Ekiti. This then called for butchers education on the importance of practicing good hygiene, handling of meat with modern techniques and encouragement of good sanitation in the abattoirs.
Standardization of Optimum Stage for Grafting in Moringa [Moringa oleifera Lam. (Moringaceae)]
Authors: Viviana P. , Sumathi T. , Pugalendhi L. , Djanaguiraman M.
Published: August 2022

Aims: This research was carried out to standardize the suitable size and optimum stage for grafting of annual moringa scion cv. PKM 1 on perennial moringa rootstock based on the physical parameters of both rootstock and scion.

Study Design: The study was carried out in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 6 treatments and 4 replications.

Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out TNAU Orchard of Department of Vegetable Science, Horticultural College & Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore during 2021-2022.

Methodology: Here the perennial rootstock used was Moolanur moringa (MO 1) and the annual scion was PKM 1. The physical parameters were recorded after 14 and 21 days after grafting. The biochemical parameters were estimated with respective procedures and instruments.

Results: It can be concluded that the performance of the grafts of annual moringa cv. PKM 1 scion on Moolanur 1 perennial moringa rootstock with 0.51 cm diameter attained at 40 days after germination was superior with regard to yield and quality parameters when compared with the rootstock and scion individually.

Conclusion: Perennial moringa ecotype Moolanur moringa (MO 1) at 40 days after germination with a thickness of 0.51 cm is the best rootstock stage for successful grafting with annual moringa scion var. PKM 1. The study will be continued to assess the field performance of the grafted plants.
Efficacy of the Plant Extracts as Grain Protectants against Rice Weevil Sitophilus oryzae on Stored Wheat Grains
Authors: Kumar Matam Reddi Sunil , Tayde Anoorag R. , Warghat Anand N.
Published: August 2022

The present investigation  were conducted at  department of Entomology SHUATS, Prayagraj during 2021-2022 using completely randomized design with three replications and treatments neem leaf powder, turmeric rhizome powder, clove powder, pepper powder, mustard oil, soybean oil and groundnut oil. Among the selected oils and botanicals treated to wheat grains, mustard oil and soybean oil were found to be highly effective in increasing adult mortality (100 %) and reducing the per cent weight loss (0.00%) in stored wheat grains. Turmeric rhizome powder was found to be least effective among all the treatments. The maximum germination percentage, vigour index 1 and vigour index 2 was  observed in grains treated with mustard oil (90%, 2250.00, 123.00) respectively on wheat grains. Turmeric rhizome powder was found to be least effective among all the treatments.
Application of Correlation Matrix and Analysis of Variance (Anova) in Profiling Surface Water in Nembe Creek of Niger Delta, Nigeria
Authors: Okoro Duke , Emegha Mildred Chukwuedum , Diejomaoh Lily Chovwe
Published: August 2022

Water resource contamination is a major concern in several regions, especially in the Niger Delta, in which the oil exploration activities pose serious risks to human health, water resource and the environment. This present study evaluates the properties of surface water in Nembe Creek. Surface water samples were collected from three (3) control stations and twenty-four (24) sampling stations around the creek during the wet and dry seasons. The samples were subjected to analysis following the standard operating procedures of ASTM and APHA analytical methods. The relationship between the parameters and variations of surface water quality of Nembe creek were determined by using descriptive statistics, Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Pearson correlation analysis. The results indicated pH had a mean value of 6.67± 0.33 (wet season) and 7.21 ± 0.3 (dry season), Electrical Conductivity ranged 200 – 3950 µS/cm (wet season) and 17900 – 25800 µS/cm (dry season), DO ranged between 4.3 – 5.8 (wet season) and 3.9 – 5.6 (dry season), Nitrate had values of 0.007- 0.068 mg/L (wet season) and 0 – 0.007 mg/L (dry season), Sulphate values range 130.58- 158.76 mg/L (wet season) and 215.12 – 657.35 mg/L (dry season). Iron range 3.23 – 5.6 mg/L (wet season) and 0.26 – 7.87 mg/L (dry season), Zinc ranged 0.02 – 0.47 mg/L (wet season) and 0.13 – 2.22 mg/L (dry season). Across all sampling stations and control areas during the wet season, the values for Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH), total hydrocarbon Content (THC) and Petroleum Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) were below the detection limit; however, the values varied during the dry season. The Pearson Correlation matrix revealed positive, negative and significant correlations between the pairs of parameters at 95% confidence level. Amongst the sampling and control stations, some parameters had no significant difference (p > 0.05), however some differences were statistically significant (p < 0.05). In conclusion, Nembe Creek is marginally more polluted during the dry season than during the wet season. Most parameters on the Person's Correlation matrix were connected with each other based on the metrics. However, some parameters such as metals, do not significantly correlate with one another, indicating that the sources of contamination may have originated from various places. It is possible that the source may not predominantly originate from oil exploration activities but may involve other natural, geological and anthropogenic activities.
Contraceptive use among Students of a Health Training institution in the North-east Region of Ghana
Authors: Dzantor Edem Kojo , Serwaa Abigail , Mahama Abidatu , Ayangba Valentine , Agyeman Yaa Nyarko , Kukeba Margaret Wekem , Abdul-Karim Huzematu , Donkor Doreen Remember , Adokiya Martin Nyaaba
Published: August 2022

Background: Despite contraceptive awareness and availability to the general population, including higher education institutions, unplanned pregnancies continue to increase.

Aim: The study assessed contraceptive usage among female health students in the North-East Region, Ghana.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional studydesign was used to assess contraceptive use among 143 female health students. The data was collected using an online survey, analysed descriptively, Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: The age ranged from 18 and 36 years, with a mean age of 23.7 (Sd±2.82) years, and the majority (69.9%) were in the 21-25 years age category. The mean age of first sexual intercourse was 17.8 (Sd ±5.65) years. The overall prevalence of contraceptive use was 59.0% with ever and current users being 47.6% and 35.,7% respectively. The male condom was a commonly used contraceptive (53.6%). Using the Chi-square test, we found significant differences between current contraceptive use and age at first sexual intercourse (X2=15.42, p=0.009), protection during first sexual intercourse (X2=7.30, p=0.026), current relationship status (X2=15.12, p<0.001), and multiple sexual partners (X2=10.25, p=0.001). Being in a sexual relationship (OR=4.49, 95%CI: 1.61, 12.50, p=0.004) was positively associated with current contraceptive use. Prevention of unwanted pregnancy/birth was the common reason for contraceptive use, with fear of perceived side effects as the reason for non-use of contraceptives.  

Conclusion: Overall, the study found high contraceptive use with significant discontinuation among ever and current users. There is a need for public health education and promotion programmes to increase the acceptance and use of contraceptives among the study population and the public.
Role of Some Apoptotic Proteins in Pathogenesis of Juvenile Systemic Lupus Erytheromatosis and Lupus Nephritis
Authors: Hanna Anne Albir Aziz , Abdelnabi Hend Hassan , Kholoussi Naglaa Mohamed , Hana Nagy Mohamed Abu El
Published: August 2022

Background: Apoptosis is increased in Systemic Lupus Erytheromatosis (SLE) patients with defective clearance of apoptotic cells, which lead to a pathological accumulation of abnormal cell debris and provide an autoimmune reaction. The aim of this work was to evaluate apoptosis and CD4/CD8 ratio in juvenile SLE patients and their relation to disease activity and lupus nephritis (LN).

Methods: This case-control study included 50 patients with jSLE divided into two groups according to SLEDAI score and twenty-five healthy children of matched age and sex as controls. All cases were subjected to detection of apoptosis, in the early stage through investigation of Annexin V and CD4/CD8 ratio through CD4 and CD8 T cells monoclonal antibody using the BD Accuri™ C6 Flow Cytometer Instrument.

Results: early apoptosis has statistically significant increase in the jSLE patients compared to controls with positive correlation to disease activity and no correlation to LN. (active group 20.77± 7.88, inactive group13± 6.8 and controls3.53± 1.26). CD4/CD8 ratio has significant decrease in patients compared to controls with inversed correlation to disease activity and no correlation to LN. (active group1.28 ± 0.51, inactive group1.6 ± 00.6 and controls 2.1 ± 0.6.

Conclusions: Apoptosis is high in jSLE patients with low CD4/CD8 ratio which related to disease activity, but not related to LN.
“Minha vista escureceu, fiquei tonto, caí de joelhos”
Authors: Cavalcanti Adilma da Cunha , Gomes Sávio Marcelino , Signorelli Marcos Cláudio , Nagashima Alynne Mendonça Saraiva
Published: August 2022

A pesquisa buscou compreender o fenômeno da violência nas vivências LGBTs. Realizou-se o estudo na cidade de Cuité, Paraíba, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com 10 sujeitos participantes de um movimento social LGBT local. As entrevistas foram analisadas à luz da Análise de Conteúdo, da qual emergiram três categorias: 1. a violência em múltiplos espaços e fases da vida; 2. ecos da violência ao longo da vida; e 3. mecanismos de apoio e enfrentamento. Compreendeu-se o itinerário da violência sofrida: iniciando-se em casa, com a família, até as instituições – como escolas, delegacias e serviços de saúde –, refletindo em consequências físicas e psicológicas no decorrer de suas vidas e repercutindo, à medida que também são produzidas, na ininteligibilidade dos seus corpos pelos profissionais de saúde.
Editorial
Authors: Rockel Jenny , Riley Robin , Coates Tony , Hubbard Peter
Published: August 2022

In the years since 1995 when the first issue of this Journal appeared, its purposes have been elaborated with increasing clarity. It came into being in response to members' recognition of the need for a medium:

located within Aotearoa New Zealand,

to encourage the expression of professional creativity and reflection,

to provide a forum within which members could make their work, and the thinking that underlies it, visible to one another,

to stimulate dialogue and debate and 

to hold with respect the diversity of views contained within the association.
This fifth issue addresses each of these purposes. We follow the established custom of offering in printed form papers presented at this year's conference in Dunedin, whose theme was The Unconscious: The Real McCoy of Psychotherapy? Keynote papers by Brian Broom, Joan Dalloway, Sean Manning and Richard O'Neill-Dean take a variety of bearings on this theme. We are also pleased to include papers by Gill Caradoc-Davies, Betty Robb and Carol Worthington, who missed the opportunity to put their papers before participants as a result of the format and dynamic of conference, and from Philip Culbertson, Tony Coates and Jerri Bassi.
The unconscious
Authors: Broom Brian
Published: August 2022

I have chosen to look at this subject, The Unconscious: The Real McCoy of Psychotherapy? from the vantage point of an integrationist and, inevitably, I speak from my perspectives as a practitioner in medicine, as a practitioner in psychotherapy, and as a person with a long-time interest in spirituality.
Some aspects of projective identification
Authors: Worthington Carol
Published: August 2022

After a brief review of the literature, the paper takes a somewhat light-hearted look at projective identification as it reveals itself in the interactions between the therapist and three patients. Three slightly different examples of this mechanism are given, the final one illustrating the difficulty in drawing firm distinctions between projective identification and countertransference.
Theory has been under-emphasised in favour of clinical observations.
Listening differently with Māori and Polynesian clients
Authors: Culbertson Philip
Published: August 2022

Changing demographics, both nationally and internationally, strongly suggest that the traditionally Caucasian client-base of psychotherapy is dwindling in size. More and more of us will be asked to work cross-culturally in the future, yet few of us are adequately trained for such work. This article addresses some of the cultural information that psychotherapists need to know about Māori and Polynesian clients, in order to work more effectively with them. Particular emphasis is placed on the rule of culture in defining identity and the sense of self, the way decisions are made, proper methods of joining therapeutically, and the role of metaphor. Therapists are recommended to take a stance of 'informed not-knowing' when working cross-culturally, and to address the insights of Critical White Theory in order to make themselves 'culturally safe'.
Book review
Authors: Coates Tony
Published: August 2022

At a time when psychoanalysis and 'analysis' in general is attracting increasing attention within the association, I was intrigued and stimulated by this slim book by British child psychoanalyst Adam Phillips.
The book is about the search for expert knowledge, and the impossibility of the analyst as expert. For Phillips, a psychoanalyst is anyone who uses what were originally Freud's concepts of transference, the unconscious, and dream work, in paid conversations with people about how they want to live, and here he raises issues that are both challenging and engaging for our profession. I found his comments succinct and pertinent.
Book review
Authors: Bassi Jerri
Published: August 2022

Anne Schiitzenberger is Professor Emeritus of Psychology at the University of Nice, France, co-founder of the International Association of Group Psychotherapy, and is internationally renowned as a trainer in group psychotherapy and psychodrama. In The ancestor syndrome,she has brought together an invaluable legacy: stories of past generations gathered during 40 years of clinical experience in psychoanalysis and psychodrama. In this book Professor Schützenberger weaves together histories of Freud, Moreno, Jung, Rogers and many others, acknowledging an inspiring professional lineage.
Cloning and disruption of the YNR1 gene encoding the nitrate reductase apoenzyme of the yeast Hansenula polymorpha
Authors: Avila Julio , Pérez M.Dolores , Brito Nélida , González Celedonio , Siverio JoséM.
Published: July 2002

The nitrate reductase gene (YNR1) from the yeast H. polymorpha was isolated from a lambda EMBL3 genomic DNA library. As probe a 350 bp DNA fragment synthesized by PCR from H. polymorpha cDNA was used. By DNA sequencing an ORF of 2,577 bp was found. The predicted protein has 859 amino acids and presents high identity with nitrate reductases from other organisms. Chromosomal disruption of YNR1 causes inability to grow in nitrate. Northern blot analysis showed that YNR1 expression is induced by nitrate and repressed by ammonium.
Solution structure of moricin, an antibacterial peptide, isolated from the silkworm Bombyx mori
Authors: Hemmi Hikaru , Ishibashi Jun , Hara Seiichi , Yamakawa Minoru
Published: July 2002

A novel antibacterial peptide, moricin, isolated from the silkworm Bombyx mori, consists of 42 amino acids. It is highly basic and the amino acid sequence has no significant similarity to those of other antibacterial peptides. The 20 structures of moricin in methanol have been determined from two‐dimensional 1H‐nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic data. The solution structure reveals an unique structure comprising of a long α‐helix containing eight turns along nearly the full length of the peptide except for four N‐terminal residues and six C‐terminal residues. The electrostatic surface map shows that the N‐terminal segment of the α‐helix, residues 5–22, is an amphipathic α‐helix with a clear separation of hydrophobic and hydrophilic faces, and that the C‐terminal segment of the α‐helix, residues 23–36, is a hydrophobic α‐helix except for the negatively charged surface at the position of Asp30. The results suggest that the amphipathic N‐terminal segment of the α‐helix is mainly responsible for the increase in permeability of the membrane to kill the bacteria.
Crystal structure of Escherichia coli UvrB C‐terminal domain, and a model for UvrB‐UvrC interaction
Authors: Sohi Maninder , Alexandrovich Alexander , Moolenaar Geri , Visse Rob , Goosen Nora , Vernede Xavier , Fontecilla-Camps Juan C. , Champness John , Sanderson Mark R.
Published: July 2002

A crystal structure of the C‐terminal domain of Escherichia coli UvrB (UvrB′) has been solved to 3.0 Å resolution. The domain adopts a helix‐loop‐helix fold which is stabilised by the packing of hydrophobic side‐chains between helices. From the UvrB′ fold, a model for a domain of UvrC (UvrC′) that has high sequence homology with UvrB′ has been made. In the crystal, a dimerisation of UvrB′ domains is seen involving specific hydrophobic and salt bridge interactions between residues in and close to the loop region of the domain. It is proposed that a homologous mode of interaction may occur between UvrB and UvrC. This interaction is likely to be flexible, potentially spanning >50 Å.
Clavulanic Acid Degradation in Streptomyces clavuligerus Fed‐Batch Cultivations
Authors: Roubos Johannes A. , Krabben Preben , Laat Wim T. A. M. de , Babuška Robert , Heijnen Joseph J.
Published: July 2002

Clavulanic acid (CA) is an important antibiotic that is produced by Streptomyces clavuligerus. CA is unstable and product degradation has turned out to have a major impact on product titers in fed‐batch cultivations. Three different types of experiments have been used to elucidate CA degradation under fed‐batch cultivation conditions. First, the influence of individual medium compounds was examined. Second, degradation was monitored during the exponential growth phase in batch cultivations. Third, CA degradation was studied in the supernatant of samples taken during a fed‐batch. In addition, data from six fed‐batch cultivations were studied to derive information about CA degradation during the production phase. These cultivations were based on a mineral medium, containing glycerol, glutamate, ammonium, and phosphate as the main nutrients. The ammonium concentration had a large influence on the degradation rate constant. In addition, either changes in the substrate availability or high concentrations of ammonium or glycerol cause a major increase in the degradation rate constant. Finally, a linear and a fuzzy logic model were made to predict CA degradation rates in these fed‐batches.