bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Palladium Nanoparticles-Based Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer Aptasensor for Highly Sensitive Detection of Aflatoxin M1 in Milk
Authors: Li Hui , Yang Daibin , Li Peiwu , Zhang Qi , Zhang Wen , Ding Xiaoxia , Mao Jin , Wu Jing
Published: October 2017

A highly sensitive aptasensor for aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) detection was constructed based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between 5-carboxyfluorescein (FAM) and palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs). PdNPs (33 nm) were synthesized through a seed-mediated growth method and exhibited broad and strong absorption in the whole ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) range. The strong coordination interaction between nitrogen functional groups of the AFM1 aptamer and PdNPs brought FAM and PdNPs in close proximity, which resulted in the fluorescence quenching of FAM to a maximum extent of 95%. The non-specific fluorescence quenching caused by PdNPs towards fluorescein was negligible. After the introduction of AFM1 into the FAM-AFM1 aptamer-PdNPs FRET system, the AFM1 aptamer preferentially combined with AFM1 accompanied by conformational change, which greatly weakened the coordination interaction between the AFM1 aptamer and PdNPs. Thus, fluorescence recovery of FAM was observed and a linear relationship between the fluorescence recovery and the concentration of AFM1 was obtained in the range of 5–150 pg/mL in aqueous buffer with the detection limit of 1.5 pg/mL. AFM1 detection was also realized in milk samples with a linear detection range from 6 pg/mL to 150 pg/mL. The highly sensitive FRET aptasensor with simple configuration shows promising prospect in detecting a variety of food contaminants.
Shiga Toxins Induce Apoptosis and ER Stress in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells
Authors: Park Jun-Young , Jeong Yu-Jin , Park Sung-Kyun , Yoon Sung-Jin , Choi Song , Jeong Dae , Chung Su , Lee Byung , Kim Jeong , Tesh Vernon , Lee Moo-Seung , Park Young-Jun
Published: October 2017

Shiga toxins (Stxs) produced by Shiga toxin-producing bacteria Shigella dysenteriae serotype 1 and select serotypes of Escherichia coli are the most potent known virulence factors in the pathogenesis of hemorrhagic colitis progressing to potentially fatal systemic complications such as acute renal failure, blindness and neurological abnormalities. Although numerous studies have defined apoptotic responses to Shiga toxin type 1 (Stx1) or Shiga toxin type 2 (Stx2) in a variety of cell types, the potential significance of Stx-induced apoptosis of photoreceptor and pigmented cells of the eye following intoxication is unknown. We explored the use of immortalized human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells as an in vitro model of Stx-induced retinal damage. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first report that intoxication of RPE cells with Stxs activates both apoptotic cell death signaling and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response. Using live-cell imaging analysis, fluorescently labeled Stx1 or Stx2 were internalized and routed to the RPE cell endoplasmic reticulum. RPE cells were significantly sensitive to wild type Stxs by 72 h, while the cells survived challenge with enzymatically deficient mutant toxins (Stx1A− or Stx2A−). Upon exposure to purified Stxs, RPE cells showed activation of a caspase-dependent apoptotic program involving a reduction of mitochondrial transmembrane potential (Δψm), increased activation of ER stress sensors IRE1, PERK and ATF6, and overexpression CHOP and DR5. Finally, we demonstrated that treatment of RPE cells with Stxs resulted in the activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK), suggesting that the ribotoxic stress response may be triggered. Collectively, these data support the involvement of Stx-induced apoptosis in ocular complications of intoxication. The evaluation of apoptotic responses to Stxs by cells isolated from multiple organs may reveal unique functional patterns of the cytotoxic actions of these toxins in the systemic complications that follow ingestion of toxin-producing bacteria.
Anti-Salmonella Activity Modulation of Mastoparan V1—A Wasp Venom Toxin—Using Protease Inhibitors, and Its Efficient Production via an Escherichia coli Secretion System
Authors: Ha Yeon , Kim Sam , Lee Chae , Bae Chang-Hwan , Yeo Joo-Hong , Kim Il-Suk , Gal Sang , Hur Jin , Jung Ho-Kyoung , Kim Min-Ju , Bang Woo
Published: October 2017

A previous study highlighted that mastoparan V1 (MP-V1), a mastoparan from the venom of the social wasp Vespula vulgaris, is a potent antimicrobial peptide against Salmonella infection, which causes enteric diseases. However, there exist some limits for its practical application due to the loss of its activity in an increased bacterial density and the difficulty of its efficient production. In this study, we first modulated successfully the antimicrobial activity of synthetic MP-V1 against an increased Salmonella population using protease inhibitors, and developed an Escherichia coli secretion system efficiently producing active MP-V1. The protease inhibitors used, except pepstatin A, significantly increased the antimicrobial activity of the synthetic MP-V1 at minimum inhibitory concentrations (determined against 106 cfu/mL of population) against an increased population (108 cfu/mL) of three different Salmonella serotypes, Gallinarum, Typhimurium and Enteritidis. Meanwhile, the E. coli strain harboring OmpA SS::MP-V1 was identified to successfully secrete active MP-V1 into cell-free supernatant, whose antimicrobial activity disappeared in the increased population (108 cfu/mL) of Salmonella Typhimurium recovered by adding a protease inhibitor cocktail. Therefore, it has been concluded that our challenge using the E. coli secretion system with the protease inhibitors is an attractive strategy for practical application of peptide toxins, such as MP-V1.
A Next-Generation Sequencing Approach Uncovers Viral Transcripts Incorporated in Poxvirus Virions
Authors: Grossegesse Marica , Doellinger Joerg , Haldemann Berit , Schaade Lars , Nitsche Andreas
Published: October 2017

Transcripts are known to be incorporated in particles of DNA viruses belonging to the families of Herpesviridae and Mimiviridae, but the presence of transcripts in other DNA viruses, such as poxviruses, has not been analyzed yet. Therefore, we first established a next-generation-sequencing (NGS)-based protocol, enabling the unbiased identification of transcripts in virus particles. Subsequently, we applied our protocol to analyze RNA in an emerging zoonotic member of the Poxviridae family, namely Cowpox virus. Our results revealed the incorporation of 19 viral transcripts, while host identifications were restricted to ribosomal and mitochondrial RNA. Most viral transcripts had an unknown and immunomodulatory function, suggesting that transcript incorporation may be beneficial for poxvirus immune evasion. Notably, the most abundant transcript originated from the D5L/I1R gene that encodes a viral inhibitor of the host cytoplasmic DNA sensing machinery.
Transient Wave Scattering and Its Influence on Transient Analysis and Leak Detection in Urban Water Supply Systems: Theoretical Analysis and Numerical Validation
Authors: Duan Huan-Feng
Published: October 2017

This paper investigates the impacts of non-uniformities of pipe diameter (i.e., an inhomogeneous cross-sectional area along pipelines) on transient wave behavior and propagation in water supply pipelines. The multi-scale wave perturbation method is firstly used to derive analytical solutions for the amplitude evolution of transient pressure wave propagation in pipelines, considering regular and random variations of cross-sectional area, respectively. The analytical analysis is based on the one-dimensional (1D) transient wave equation for pipe flow. Both derived results show that transient waves can be attenuated and scattered significantly along the longitudinal direction of the pipeline due to the regular and random non-uniformities of pipe diameter. The obtained analytical results are then validated by extensive 1D numerical simulations under different incident wave and non-uniform pipe conditions. The comparative results indicate that the derived analytical solutions are applicable and useful to describe the wave scattering effect in complex pipeline systems. Finally, the practical implications and influence of wave scattering effects on transient flow analysis and transient-based leak detection in urban water supply systems are discussed in the paper.
Substrate and Mg doping effects in GaAs nanowires
Authors: Kannappan Perumal , Sedrine Nabiha Ben , Teixeira Jennifer P , Soares Maria R , Falcão Bruno P , Correia Maria R , Cifuentes Nestor , Viana Emilson R , Moreira Marcus V B , Ribeiro Geraldo M , de Oliveira Alfredo G , González Juan C , Leitão Joaquim P
Published: October 2017

Mg doping of GaAs nanowires has been established as a viable alternative to Be doping in order to achieve p-type electrical conductivity. Although reports on the optical properties are available, few reports exist about the physical properties of intermediate-to-high Mg doping in GaAs nanowires grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) on GaAs(111)B and Si(111) substrates. In this work, we address this topic and present further understanding on the fundamental aspects. As the Mg doping was increased, structural and optical investigations revealed: i) a lower influence of the polytypic nature of the GaAs nanowires on their electronic structure; ii) a considerable reduction of the density of vertical nanowires, which is almost null for growth on Si(111); iii) the occurrence of a higher WZ phase fraction, in particular for growth on Si(111); iv) an increase of the activation energy to release the less bound carrier in the radiative state from nanowires grown on GaAs(111)B; and v) a higher influence of defects on the activation of nonradiative de-excitation channels in the case of nanowires only grown on Si(111). Back-gate field effect transistors were fabricated with individual nanowires and the p-type electrical conductivity was measured with free hole concentration ranging from 2.7 × 1016 cm−3 to 1.4 × 1017 cm−3. The estimated electrical mobility was in the range ≈0.3–39 cm2/Vs and the dominant scattering mechanism is ascribed to the WZ/ZB interfaces. Electrical and optical measurements showed a lower influence of the polytypic structure of the nanowires on their electronic structure. The involvement of Mg in one of the radiative transitions observed for growth on the Si(111) substrate is suggested.
Clinical And Surgical Anatomy Of Lumbar Hernia: A Review
Authors: Sanders João Victor Souza , Cavalcante Jonathan Barros , Lucena Jalles Dantas de , Costa Sobrinho Osvaldo Pereira da , Pereira Israel Rodrigues , Brito Hudson Martins de , Pessoa Roberta Silva , Dos Santos Júlio César Claudino , Cerqueira Gilberto Santos , Gondim Delane Viana , Façanha João Erivan Barreto , Gusmão Jonas Nogueira Ferreira Maciel , Figueiredo Iolanda Gonçalves de Alencar , Da Silva Francisco Rafael Oliveira , Scafuri Ariel Gustavo
Published: October 2017

Lumbar hernia is defined as the presence of failure in the transverse fascia or in the aponeurosis of the transverse abdominal muscle that results in the extrusion of intra or extra peritoneal organs through the discontinuity of the postero lateral abdominal wall. The aim of this study was to conduct a methodical review of the anatomy of the hernia form grynfelt dated from 2006 to 2017. For this, we performed a bibliographic review by means of electronic databases like SciELO, PubMed, Science Direct, LILACS and Bireme to get better approach to the subject. It has been found that the lumbar hernia is a disease little known by doctors whose diagnostics are often performed in the wrong way and for surgical correction needs a good anatomical knowledge. Lumbar hernias, although rare, must be taken into account, since ischemia of herniated intestinal segments can lead to the death of the patient, especially in the elderly. Knowledge about the anatomy of the lumbar region is of vital importance because it makes surgery safe and reduces risks of complications and recidivating of the hernia.
An Innovative Methodology for Managing Service Disruptions on Regional Rail Lines
Authors: Botte Marilisa , Puca Domenico , Montella Bruno , D’Acierno Luca
Published: October 2017

Regional rail transport, albeit a major element in public mobility, is frequently affected by great vulnerability to system failure. Hence it is worth developing suitable procedures to manage rail disruption appropriately. In the particular case of breakdowns, the latter may be managed by means of shunter locomotives or empty rail convoys if the faulty convoy is able to travel in non-autonomous conditions. Obviously, the use of rescue vehicles on the line generates a disturbance with related reductions in service quality. Against this backdrop, this paper has two main aims. First, we investigate the possibility of adopting some unconventional rescue strategies based on the use of operating rail convoys or maintenance vehicles, and propose a methodology, based on a micro-simulation approach, for accurately modelling interactions among all rail system components so as to optimise management in emergency contexts. The second aim is to identify suitable intervention strategies which provide the right balance between the swiftness of rescue operations and the disturbance inflicted upon rail services during failure management. Finally, the method is applied to the ‘Naples-Sorrento’ regional rail line in southern Italy in order to show the utility and feasibility of the suggested approach.
Pavement Assessment Using On-Board Sound Intensity System
Authors: Zofka Adam , Maliszewski Maciej , Zofka Ewa , Mechowski Tomasz
Published: October 2017

The purpose of this paper is to present an innovative method of measuring sound intensity called On-Board Sound Intensity on electric (EV) or hybrid electric vehicle (OBSIe). Typical sources of noise emitted by modern vehicles in urban areas are propulsion noise and noise generated at the tyre/pavement interface. Thinking of a future we can imagine cities full of silent, zero-emission cars. Propulsion noise becomes insignificant while tyre/pavement contact noise can still dominate in the urban, low-speed areas. Current methods of pavement noise measurements are not suited for the application in such scenarios and only partially eliminate the propulsion noise. Thus there is a need for research methods that can assess tyre/pavement noise at speeds lower than 50 km/h which is a threshold between propulsion noise and tyre/pavement noise. Our method developed at Road and Bridge Research Institute (IBDiM) in Poland is especially well suited to measure noise intensity in densely populated urban areas where vehicle transport generated noise is problematic. High manoeuvrability of a testing vehicle, quick installation and low cost are only some of the benefits of the OBSIe. An application of the OBSIe method to support sustainable development in the urban areas will be investigated in this paper.
Importance of Resolving the Spectral Support of Beam-plasma Instabilities in Simulations
Authors: Shalaby Mohamad , Broderick Avery E. , Chang Philip , Pfrommer Christoph , Lamberts Astrid , Puchwein Ewald
Published: October 2017

Many astrophysical plasmas are prone to beam-plasma instabilities. For relativistic and dilute beams, the spectral support of the beam-plasma instabilities is narrow, i.e., the linearly unstable modes that grow with rates comparable to the maximum growth rate occupy a narrow range of wavenumbers. This places stringent requirements on the box-sizes when simulating the evolution of the instabilities. We identify the implied lower limits on the box size imposed by the longitudinal beam plasma instability, i.e., typically the most stringent condition required to correctly capture the linear evolution of the instabilities in multidimensional simulations. We find that sizes many orders of magnitude larger than the resonant wavelength are typically required. Using one-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations, we show that the failure to sufficiently resolve the spectral support of the longitudinal instability yields slower growth and lower levels of saturation, potentially leading to erroneous physical conclusion.
Neutrino Emissions in All Flavors up to the Pre-bounce of Massive Stars and the Possibility of Their Detections
Authors: Kato Chinami , Nagakura Hiroki , Furusawa Shun , Takahashi Koh , Umeda Hideyuki , Yoshida Takashi , Ishidoshiro Koji , Yamada Shoichi
Published: October 2017

This paper is a sequel to our 2015 paper, Kato et al., which calculated the luminosities and spectra of electron-type anti-neutrinos (

ν

¯

e

) from the progenitors of core-collapse supernovae. Expecting that the capability to detect electron-type neutrinos (

ν

e

) will increase dramatically with the emergence of liquid-argon detectors such as DUNE, we broaden the scope in this study to include all flavors of neutrinos emitted from the pre-bounce phase. We pick up three progenitor models of electron capture supernovae (ECSNe) and iron-core collapse supernovae (FeCCSNe). We find that the number luminosities reach ∼1057 s–1 and ∼1053 s–1 at maximum for

ν

e

and

ν

¯

e

, respectively. We also estimate the numbers of detection events at terrestrial neutrino detectors including DUNE, taking flavor oscillations into account and assuming the distance to the progenitors to be 200 pc. It is demonstrated that

ν

¯

e

from the ECSN progenitor will be undetected at almost all detectors, whereas we will be able to observe ≳15,900

ν

e

at DUNE for the inverted mass hierarchy. From the FeCCSN progenitors, the number of

ν

¯

e

events will be largest for JUNO, 200–900

ν

¯

e

, depending on the mass hierarchy, whereas the number of

ν

e

events at DUNE is

≳
2100

for the inverted mass hierarchy. These results imply that the detection of

ν

¯

e

is useful to distinguish progenitors of FeCCSNe from those of ECSNe, while

ν

e

will provide us with detailed information on the collapse phase regardless of the type and mass of the progenitor.
The Evaporation and Survival of Cluster Galaxies’ Coronae. II. The Effectiveness of Anisotropic Thermal Conduction and Survival of Stripped Galactic Tails
Authors: Vijayaraghavan Rukmani , Sarazin Craig
Published: October 2017

We simulate anisotropic thermal conduction between the intracluster medium (ICM) and the hot coronal interstellar medium (ISM) gas in cluster galaxies. In Paper I, we simulated the evaporation of the hot ISM due to isotropic (possibly saturated) conduction between the ISM and ICM. We found that hot coronae evaporate on

timescales, significantly shorter than the

gas loss times due to ram pressure stripping. No tails of stripped gas are formed. This is in tension with the observed ubiquity and implied longevity of compact X-ray coronae and stripped ISM tails, and requires the suppression of evaporation, possibly due to magnetic fields and anisotropic conduction. We perform a series of wind tunnel simulations similar to that in Paper I, now including ISM and ICM magnetic fields. We simulate the effect of anisotropic conduction for a range of extreme magnetic field configurations: parallel and perpendicular to the ICM wind, and continuous and completely disjointed between the ISM and ICM. We find that when conduction is anisotropic, gas loss due to evaporation is severely reduced; the overall gas loss rates with and without anisotropic conduction do not differ by more than 10%–20%. Magnetic fields also prevent stripped tails from evaporating in the ICM by shielding, and providing few pathways for heat transport between the ICM and ISM. The morphology of stripped tails and magnetic fields in the tails and wakes of galaxies are sensitive to the initial magnetic field configuration.
Place et fonctions des étiologies traditionnelles en consultation familiale transculturelle
Authors: Delanoë Daniel
Published: October 2017

Le dispositif des consultations transculturelles destiné aux migrants a été fondée en France dans les années 1980, en se référant à l’ethnopsychanalyse et aux thérapies familiales. Le patient est reçu avec sa famille dans un groupe de plusieurs thérapeutes de différentes cultures. Le groupe de thérapeutes offre une enveloppe groupale et une enveloppe culturelle favorisant l’alliance thérapeutique. La diversité culturelle des thérapeutes permet d’accueillir les étiologies traditionnelles faisant intervenir des entités invisibles, ancêtres, génies, attaques de sorcelleries. Ce sont de puissants leviers thérapeutiques, qui produisent des narrations de l’histoire familiale et figurent la transmission d’éléments traumatiques difficilement abordables. Les mécanismes de la transmission psychique relèvent principalement de l’identification projective. Il sont analysés à travers l’histoire d’une famille migrante reçue dans le dispositif transculturel.
La famille du thérapeute familial
Authors: Robert Philippe
Published: October 2017

L’analyste, comme ses patients, a une histoire, une famille, une culture. Chaque sujet s’appuie sur ses appartenances primaires et sur sa plus ou moins grande perméabilité à son environnement. On peut s’appuyer sur la notion d’incorporats culturels tels qu’ils ont été définis par Jean-Claude Rouchy pour penser la place de l’analyste dans le processus thérapeutique. Il coexiste une asymétrie soutenue par le cadre et une base commune plus ou moins grande avec ses patients. La formation du thérapeute de famille doit l’aider à mieux percevoir les liens qu’il a entretenus et qu’il entretient encore – au moins fantasmatiquement – avec son propre groupe primaire.
Famille en mal de penser et en souffrance de séparation
Authors: Sanahuja Maria de la Almudena , Bernard Alexandra , Schwailbold Marie-Anne , Cuynet Patrice
Published: October 2017

La rencontre thérapeutique avec certaines familles dites « opératoires » et dont un enfant est porteur du « symptôme » obésité, provoque au niveau du contretransfert des thérapeutes des états de sidération, de rejet et une difficulté à penser et à fantasmer, empêchant d’exercer leur travail d’écoute et thérapeutique convenablement. Afin de donner du sens à ces observations, les auteurs s’appuient sur une recherche à propos de l’outil de spatiographie projective ou le dessin de la maison de rêve (Cuynet) et un cas clinique paradigmatique. Les résultats mettent en évidence que ces familles souffrent de traumatismes antérieurs dont les conséquences sont principalement l’impossibilité d’effectuer le travail de deuil et des troubles de la contenance psychique. Cela est représenté sur le dessin par un défaut d’emboîtement des deux enveloppes psychiques évoquant une abrasion de la capacité fantasmatique. Ces altérations pourraient expliquer la difficulté pour ces familles à verbaliser et les mouvements contretransférentiels ressentis par les thérapeutes. Ces résultats confirment l’intérêt d’une adaptation du cadre de la thérapie familiale psychanalytique en ayant recours à un outil d’évaluation et de médiation.
La restauration autoritaire au prisme des instruments de propagande. Le cas de l’agence Tunis Afrique Presse (TAP)
Authors: Klaus Enrique
Published: October 2017

Cette étude de cas se saisit de manière critique de la question de la restauration autoritaire à travers un prisme inédit, celui de l’agence de presse responsable de la production et de la diffusion de la propagande de l’ancien régime en Tunisie, l’agence Tunis Afrique Presse (TAP). À travers cet objet, elle montre qu’un tel phénomène est le produit d’un processus erratique dynamisé par des logiques contradictoires, voire paradoxales, héritées du passé mais aussi produites des contingences et des opportunités qu’offre la conjoncture fluide dans laquelle elle se trouve enchâssée. Après un court détour historique sur l’évolution de cette institution médiatique sous l’ancien régime, l’article se focalise sur la « logique de situation » et son enchaînement séquentiel qui mène à la restauration, notamment la situation révolutionnaire telle que celle-ci a été vécue au sein de la TAP et la période post-Ben Ali.
La répression des autres : mobilisations et démobilisations dans les universités égyptiennes au lendemain du 3 juillet 2013
Authors: Ramzy Farah
Published: October 2017

Cet article construit une histoire parallèle de la contestation étudiante égyptienne après 2013. Outre la remise en question de la lecture dominante, selon laquelle les universités ne seraient que le dernier « champ de bataille » dans la guerre entre les Frères musulmans (FM) et le régime d’Al-Sissi, il examine les ressorts de l’action de groupes étudiants qui sont en concurrence avec les FM tout en s’opposant aux pratiques répressives du régime. L’historicité du mouvement étudiant et le renouveau de ses mobilisations après le soulèvement du 25 janvier 2011 permettent de saisir le processus de constitution de ce « milieu étudiant contestataire non-FM » afin de comprendre, par la suite, comment ces acteurs construisent des possibilités d’action collective à partir des effets induits par la répression de leurs rivaux.
Ceci n’est pas un sorcier. De l’effet Magritte en sorcellerie
Authors: Warnier Jean-Pierre
Published: October 2017

Depuis les années 1990, la sorcellerie en Afrique fait l’objet d’une déferlante de publications. Ne donne-t-elle pas une caution universitaire à ce qu’elle prétend déconstruire ? Parle-t-on de discours génériques sur la sorcellerie ? D’histoires de seconde main colportées à l’envi ? Ou de crises paroxystiques empiriquement saisissables ? La confusion qui règne n’exige-t-elle pas débat et clarification tant du point de vue scientifique que déontologique ?
La reconfiguration du pluralisme de l’information opérée par les réseaux socionumériques
Authors: Compagno Dario , Mercier Arnaud , Mésangeau Julien , Chelghoum Kamel
Published: October 2017

En offrant à ses usagers la possibilité de partager librement des contenus d’actualité depuis leur fil d’actualité ou depuis les sites d’information, Twitter contribue à reconfigurer l’équilibre des contenus offerts. Via notre étude sur le partage des articles journalistiques français, nous sommes capables de caractériser de manière globale une tendance majeure de cette reconfiguration : l’offre d’information perd son pluralisme originaire pour se concentrer sur un nombre très restreint de médias. Le passage à travers Twitter permet aux médias qui ont une plus forte réputation et identité de prendre une place majeure dans la structure des partages. Néanmoins, cet effet n’est pas dû exclusivement à la productivité du média (nombre d’articles mis en ligne) et à son stock d’audience acquise (nombre de visites quotidiennes sur son site). Dès lors, pour mieux comprendre tous les facteurs explicatifs de ce phénomène, nous proposons d’analyser les logiques relationnelles des partages sur le réseau socionumérique.
Le guide d’analyse d’impact budgétaire de la HAS : un nouvel outil d’aide à la décision
Authors: Ghabri Salah , Poullié Anne-Isabelle , Autin Erwan , Josselin Jean-Michel
Published: October 2017

Introduction : L’analyse d’impact budgétaire (AIB) est une approche économique destinée à estimer, sur un horizon temporel à court et à moyen terme, les conséquences budgétaires annuelles de l’adoption d’une intervention de santé. Objectif : L’objectif de cet article est de présenter les principaux enseignements du premier guide de la Haute Autorité de santé (HAS) sur les choix méthodologiques pour la conduite d’une AIB, en synthétisant ses enjeux, recommandations et perspectives. Méthodes : L’identification des choix méthodologiques relatifs à la conduite d’une AIB a été fondée sur une recherche documentaire portant sur la période comprise entre janvier 2000 et juin 2016, une étude-pilote rétrospective portant sur les AIB soumises à la HAS de novembre 2011 à juin 2015, une consultation publique et une relecture d’experts internationaux. Les recommandations formulées ont été approuvées par la Commission d’évaluation économique et de santé publique (CEESP) et le Collège de la HAS. Résultats : Le guide méthodologique propose une définition opérationnelle de l’AIB, les principales différences entre une AIB et une étude coût-efficacité/utilité et des recommandations sur les choix structurants suivants : la perspective, les populations, l’horizon temporel, les scénarios comparés, les modèles d’AIB, les coûts, l’actualisation, le choix des données cliniques, la présentation des résultats d’une AIB et l’exploration de l’incertitude. Conclusion : L’AIB complète l’usage de l’analyse coût-efficacité/utilité et renforce l’importance de l’évaluation économique des interventions de santé en France. Le guide ouvre également des perspectives de recherches complémentaires sur l’articulation entre l’analyse coût-efficacité/utilité, l’AIB et l’équité dans l’accès aux soins.
Arpenter les textes, dessiner le territoire
Authors: Girard Sabine , Lalande Aude , Vermeersch Laure
Published: October 2017

Résumé Qu’est-ce que la démocratie (participative) ?
De l’enfant dans la rue au citoyen dans la rue
Authors: Paté Noémie
Published: October 2017

Résumé Mineurs migrants isolés
Vacarme des oiseaux
Authors: Ashbery John , Brossard Olivier
Published: October 2017

Résumé L’art du XVII e siècle en vers
Souveraineté aborigène
Authors: Glowczewski Barbara
Published: October 2017

Résumé Luttes décoloniales
Pain Assessment in Newborns, Infants, and Children
Authors: Beltramini Alexandra , Milojevic Kolia , Pateron Dominique
Published: October 2017

Pain in children is underestimated and undertreated because of lack of pain assessment tools. Pain assessment depends on the cognitive development of the child being tested, clinical context, and pain typology. For children older than age 6 years, pain assessment is based on a self-report. For children younger than age 6 years, behavioral pain scales are needed to assess pain. Numerous pain scales exist. Many are reliable and some are recommended, but all have specific conditions for their use. In this article, we review the available pain scales for children from birth to adolescence. We provide the validity criteria of each pain scale to help caregivers use the adapted tools. We then propose a synthesis of the reliable tools to use based on the pain context.

[
Pediatr Ann.
2017;46(10):e387–e395.]
Noninvasive, High-Resolution Functional Macular Imaging in Subjects With Retinal Vein Occlusion
Authors: Campagnoli Thalmon R. , Somfai Gábor Márk , Tian Jing , DeBuc Delia Cabrera , Smiddy William E.
Published: October 2017

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Several imaging modalities have been developed to characterize ischemia inherent in retinal vascular diseases. This study aims to predict the impact and to better establish the mechanisms of visual deterioration. A high-resolution functional imaging device is used, yielding quantitative data for macular blood flow and capillary network features in healthy eyes and in eyes with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) or branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

This prospective, cross-sectional, comparative case series measured blood flow velocities (BFVs) and noninvasive capillary perfusion maps (nCPMs) in macular vessels in patients with BRVO/CRVO and in healthy controls using the Retinal Function Imager (RFI; Optical Imaging, Rehovot, Israel).

RESULTS:

Twenty-two eyes of 21 subjects were studied (eight with CRVO, five with BRVO, and nine controls). A significant decrease was observed in the BFVs of both arterioles and venules in the affected macular region of patients with CRVO and BRVO (2.84 ± 1.21 mm/s and 2.67 ± 1.43 mm/s in CRVO/BRVO arterioles, respectively, vs. 4.23 ± 1.04 mm/s in healthy controls,
P
< .001; and 1.64 ± 0.51 mm/s and 1.60 ± 0.41 mm/s in CRVO/BRVO venules, respectively, vs. 2.88 ± 0.93 mm/s in healthy controls,
P
< .001). BFVs in non-affected macular regions of patients with BRVO were not statistically different from BFVs in healthy eyes (3.84 ± 1.04 mm/s and 3.17 ± 1.39 mm/s in BRVO patients vs. 4.23 ± 1.04 mm/s and 2.88 ± 0.93 mm/s in healthy controls' arterioles and venules, respectively;
P
≥ .1). nCPMs allowed high-resolution imaging of the macular vasculature and successfully demonstrated ischemic areas in the RVO groups.

CONCLUSIONS:

The RFI provided high-resolution functional imaging of the retinal microvasculature and enabled quantitative measurement of BFVs in patients with RVO. Diminished flow velocity in arterioles and venules raises the possibility that RVO represents a panvascular compromise not confined to just venous stasis or its secondary arteriolar effects. The RFI offers potential to help with diagnosis and management of RVO cases.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2017;48:799–809.]
The Effect of Mobile Marketing and Email Marketing on Exploratory Information Seeking (EIS) Behavior of the Consumers
Authors: Waheed Abdul , Yang Jianhua
Published: October 2017

The technological revolution has radically transformed the business paradigm toward wireless networks owing to widespread penetration of technology. The present study sought to investigate the relationship of mobile marketing (MM) and email marketing (EM) on exploratory information seeking (EIS) behavior of the consumers. To this end, the surveys were randomly disseminated among 1100 consumers from March 2016 to August 2016 in the context of Pakistan. Structural equation modeling (SEM) with AMOS integration was used to test the research hypotheses. The findings of this study revealed a positive relationship of the mobile marketing and email marketing on exploratory information seeking (EIS). In contrast, the profound analysis ensured a positive relationship of each sub-dimensions. This study furnishes empirical evidence in the literature of advertising to reinforce and ensure the significance of advanced mediums in today's business environment. This study recommends certain future studies for academics and practitioners.
Reliability and Validity of Low Temporal Resolution Eye Tracking Systems in Cognitive Performance Tasks
Authors: Sievert Alexander , Witzki Alexander , Nitzschner Marco Michael
Published: October 2017

Eye tracking experiments are an important contribution to human computer interaction (HCI) research. Eye movements indicate attention, information processing, and cognitive state. Oculomotor activity is usually captured with high temporal resolution eye tracking systems, which are expensive and not affordable for everyone. Moreover, these systems require specific hard- and software. However, affordable and practical systems are needed especially for applied research concerning mobile HCI in everyday life. This study examined the reliability/validity of low temporal resolution devices by comparing data of a table-mounted system with an electrooculogram. Gaze patterns of twenty participants were recorded while performing a visual reaction and a surveillance task. Statistical analyses showed high consistency between both measurement systems for recorded gaze parameters. These results indicate that data from low temporal resolution eye trackers are sufficient to derive performance related oculomotor parameters and that such solutions present a viable alternative for applied HCI research.
Influência dos acessos vasculares na autoimagem e sexualidade dos pacientes em hemodiálise: contribuição para enfermagem/Influence of vascular accesses on the self-image and sexuality of patients undergoing hemodialysis: contribution to nursing
Authors: Silva Priscila Figueiredo Cezario , Pires Ariane Da Silva , Gonçalves Francisco Gleidson De Azevedo , Cunha Lidiane Passos , Campos Tatiane Da Silva , Noronha Isabele Da Rosa
Published: October 2017

O estudo teve como objetivos identificar a percepção dos pacientes em tratamento hemodialítico acerca da influência dos cateteres ou da fístula arteriovenosa em sua autoimagem e sexualidade; e descrever as repercussões biopsicossociais do uso do cateter de hemodiálise ou da fístula arteriovenosa na vida dos pacientes em tratamento hemodialítico. Pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva e exploratória, desenvolvida no setor de hemodiálise de um hospital público no Rio de Janeiro. Os participantes foram 16 pacientes com fístula arteriovenosa ou cateter em tratamento hemodialítico. Os dados foram coletados mediante a entrevista semiestruturada, no mês de junho de 2016, e após submetidos à análise de conteúdo temática, que fez emergir três categorias empíricas: Percepções do acesso vascular: a ótica de pacientes em terapia dialítica; Repercussões do acesso vascular para o cotidiano dos pacientes com doença renal crônica; e Influências do acesso vascular na autoimagem e sexualidade do portador de doença renal crônica. Conclui-se que os cateteres ou a fístula arteriovenosa influenciam negativamente na autoimagem, sexualidade e na qualidade de vida, pois geram modificações corporais que limitam a vida da pessoa que realiza hemodiálise.
Influence of Aging on the Physical Properties and Chemical Compositions of Asphalt Binder with Soft Clay Particles
Authors: Al Allam Allam Musbah , bin Masirin Mohd Idrus , Ali Ahmad Suliman B.
Published: October 2017

This study investigates the effect of oxidation aging on the physical properties of asphalt binder modified by various ratios of soft clay contents. The rheological properties of soft clay modified asphalt binders were performance under unaged and short-term aged, and being applied by using rotational viscometer and dynamic shear rheometer. Therefore, the results indicated that the physical properties of penetration and softening point were consistently reduced and increased, respectively for unaged and short-term aged specimens. The penetration index and viscosity aging index were increased as the soft clay modified binders aged and showed a high significance correlation. It also has the lowest susceptibility for the temperature susceptibility.
Redeeming Financial Pledges for Africa's Implementation of the NEPAD Initiative: An Appraisal
Authors: Ijeoma Edwin
Published: October 2017

The New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD) and challenges of its foreign technical and capital flow need to be appraised after many years of the establishment of the NEPAD initiative and the role out of its African development agenda. The NEPAD’s strategies for implementation of projects and programmes within the foreign technical and capital flow expectations were considered important in taking the initiative forward. NEPAD sought both technical and capital flow support from the international community especially the United Nations agencies and the G8 countries - the United States of America, Britain, Canada, Germany, France, Japan, Italy and Russian Federation and many other development partners. But the high expectations of accelerated implementation of the NEPAD projects and programmes based on the G8 promises dropped following the low pace of fulfilling those promises in spite the perceived acceptance of the NEPAD initiative by the international community. As an Africa’s own agenda towards fast-tracking development, little or no impact has been recorded within the foreign technical and capital flow component of the NEPAD initiative. In the NEPAD 2012 business plan, it was also eluded that redemption of these pledged remains a huge challenge for the organization hence the need for this appraisal.
Developing and Institutionalising Supply Chain Management Procedures: A Case Study of the Eastern Cape Dept of Roads and Public Works
Authors: Dlova Vukile , Nzewi Ogochukwu
Published: October 2017

This article presents findings from a case study research in the Eastern Cape Department of Roads and Public Works. It systematically investigates why public institutions fail to implement their Supply Change Management (SCM) policies and procedures. The article provides a clear context for the researchand explains why policies and procedures are vital for organisations. It also illustrateshow policies and procedures are a meansto effective supply chain systems and describes the research method, population and sample. Findings based on the set outcriteria for good institutionalisation of policies and procedures showed that although SCM policies and procedures areprovided to employees and they were aware of the existence of theseinstruments, there was very little participation of employees in the development and review of these policies.  Based on the findings of the research, a key recommendation is that practitioners, are involved in the day to day implementation of the SCM process in public institutions, should also be involved in the development processes of SCM policies and procedures. The research also argues that for public institutions to be effective and efficient, clear departmental guidelines should be simple and straight forward language should be used so as to avoid different interpretations by implementers. These two critical points will contribute to the effective and efficient development and institutionalization of SCM policies and procedures in government institutions.
Comparative Study of Effect of Diclofenac Alone vs Diclofenac with Ultrasound Therapy in Patients with Inferior Heel Pain using Pedography
Authors: Sumalatha Kudremukh B , Sardana Ramita , Singh Upinder P , Handa Gita , Yadav Shiv L , Sreenivas Vishnu
Published: October 2017

Objectives

To study the additional benefits of ultrasonography in patients with inferior heel pain treated with diclofenac for foot pressure profile and pain.

Materials and methods

This was a randomized experimental trial. Comparison of the efficacy of two treatment modalities (diclofenac alone vs diclofenac with ultrasound therapy) with respect to pressure profiles using pedography and a visual analog scale (VAS) was carried out. Twenty-three patients with unilateral inferior heel pain were considered subjects. The main outcome measures were foot pressure profile using pedography and pain severity using VAS.

Results

In the diclofenac alone group, it was observed that there was significant decrease in pain score posttreatment. The rest of the parameters did not show any significant change. In the diclofenac and ultrasound group, a statistically significant increase in the rear foot pressure area and decrease in the VAS score posttreatment was observed. Changes in the rest of the parameters were not significant. Comparison of the difference between the two treatment modalities with respect to pressure areas and VAS scale for pain showed no significant change statistically.

Conclusion

Ultrasound therapy shows some increase in the ability to take more rear foot pressure while walking, but it does not have any other added benefit over diclofenac in treating inferior heel pain with respect to pressure profile and pain.

How to cite this article

Sumalatha KB, Sardana R, Singh UP, Handa G, Yadav SL, Sreenivas V. Comparative Study of Effect of Diclofenac Alone vs. Diclofenac with Ultrasound Therapy in Patients with Inferior Heel Pain using Pedography. Indian J Phy Med Rehab 2017;28(2):53-58.
Comparative Evaluation of Awareness among Armed Forces Personnel in Respect of Special Provisions and Benefits Applicable to Children with Disabilities
Authors: Roy Chayanika , Roy Partha
Published: October 2017

Introduction

Mental retardation ranges from the borderline to mild to very severe. Fortunately, the majority (80%) are in the mild range that endows the individual the capacity to lead a simple, yet fruitful life once provided with a means that are conducive to their learning styles. Children with a more severe disorder can achieve remarkably if their unique talents are recognized and nurtured to the fullest.

Aim

We conducted a study among armed forces personnel in a large city in Maharashtra. This community has many peculiar and special features. They are from different ethnic, religious, and linguistic backgrounds and live together as a cohesive unit. The general socioeconomic and educational awareness toward facilities and concessions available for the differently abled children is assumed to be high.

Materials and methods

Detailed interaction with 27 parents having special children was conducted and further data were collected. Each parent was individually interviewed. This group was named parents having differently abled children (PHDAC). Group discussions consisting of 15 families in one group that had no special children in the family were conducted. A total of such eight groups (120 families) were, thus, interviewed. This group was named parents having normal children (PHNC). Each family was verbally questioned regarding the facilities available to special children thoroughly and responses were recorded.

Results and discussion

Overall, it was found that among the PHDAC, the awareness was much better, but some were circumspect of the facilities provided for their wards by the land of the law. Most of them felt that the benefits coming to them were due to their service with the Army. The PHNC were not aware of most of the provisions. However, during the interactions with the researcher, they evinced interest in the matter and were happy to know that special provisions are existent in various Government sectors for special children.

How to cite this article

Roy C, Roy P. Comparative Evaluation of Awareness among Armed Forces Personnel in Respect of Special Provisions and Benefits Applicable to Children with Disabilities. Indian J Phy Med Rehab 2017;28(2):64-68.
Tetraplegia: Beyond Neuromuscular Respiratory Dysfunction
Authors: Meghaja Sebastian
Published: October 2017

In developing countries like India, tuberculosis (TB) is responsible for 30 to 80% of all pleural effusions encountered and may complicate TB in 31% of all cases. Among the extrapulmonary presentations, pleural TB is second in frequency after tubercular lymphadenitis. Here, we present the case of a 46-yearold lady with high-level spinal cord injury (SCI), who came to the outpatient department for regular follow-up. She had no specific complaints; however, respiratory system examination revealed decreased breath sounds and on further probing, patient revealed that she had mild breathlessness of 2-day duration. She had no history of contact with TB. On evaluation, she had left-sided pleural effusion; pleural tap was done, which showed increased number of cells with lymphocytosis and mildly elevated adenosine deaminase (ADA). The diagnosis of extrapulmonary TB was made and anti-TB therapy (ATT) (direct observation of drug intake (DOTS) category 1) was started.

Conclusion

Tuberculosis is a common infection in a developing country like India. All cases of breathlessness in a tetraplegic are not due to neuromuscular respiratory dysfunction.

How to cite this article

Meghaja S. Tetraplegia: Beyond Neuromuscular Respiratory Dysfunction. Indian J Phy Med Rehab 2017;28(2):69-70.
Ice nucleating particle concentrations unaffected by urban air pollution in Beijing, China
Authors: Chen Jie , Wu Zhijun , Augustin-Bauditz Stefanie , Grawe Sarah , Hartmann Markus , Pei Xiangyu , Liu Zirui , Ji Dongsheng , Wex Heike
Published: October 2017

Abstract. Exceedingly high levels of PM2.5 with complex chemical composition occur frequently in China. It has been speculated if anthropogenic PM2.5 may significantly contribute ice nucleating particles (INP). However, few studies have focused on the ice-nucleating properties of urban particles. In this work, two ice-nucleating droplet arrays have been used to determine the atmospheric number concentration of INP (NINP) in the range from −6 ºC to −25 ºC in Beijing. No correlations between NINP and neither PM2.5 nor black carbon mass concentrations were found, although both varied by more than a factor of 30 during the sampling period. Similarly, there were no correlations between NINP and either total particle number concentration or number concentrations for particles with diameters > 500 nm. Furthermore, there was no clear difference between day and night samples. All these indicate that Beijing air pollution did not increase or decrease INP concentrations in the examined temperature range above values observed in non-urban areas, hence, the background INP concentrations might not be anthropogenically influenced as far as urban air pollution is concerned, at least in the examined temperature range.