bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Network approach to studying spatial ecology of apex predators and ungulates of southeastern Sikhote-Alin range (Primorsky Krai)
Authors: Bocharnikov Vladimir , Trufanov Andrey , Emelyanova Lyudmila
Published: November 2023

Network analysis has proven to be an effective tool for understanding patterns and predicting consequences in the study of complex systems on a local, regional and global scale. In the south of the Russian Far East exists one of the highest levels of biodiversity in Russia. This paper presents mainly theoretical study, its results includes maps and of spatial structure distribution schemes in the winter of the Amur tiger and the main objects of its food interest—ungulates. The research model area situated within the mountain-forest territory of Southeastern Sikhote-Alin Mountains (Primorsky Krai). This region is home to species of worldwide conservation significance, including the Amur tiger (Panthera tigris altaica). The results of the study show the interpenetration of places of human activity and infrastructure into the main habitats of large animals in winter. The factors threatening the existence of large predators can be divided into three types: anthropogenic (related to the presence of man and his economic activity); technogenic (caused by implemented technological systems, for example, transport and fuel and energy infrastructure); natural (natural disasters, as well as relief and landscape conditions that prevent the existence of living organisms of wildlife). The work presents: 1) network models and geoinformation mapping of the winter distribution of the Amur tiger, which is the result of using the proximity threshold as a key variable parameter of the network model; 2) maps of the distribution of ungulates have been compiled by recalculating the total number of animals by their population density in hunting grounds; 3) network models of the human-occupied space (roads, settlements) of the model territory have been prepared and distribution of hunting enterprises. The applied synergy of geoinformation modeling and network analysis provides effective analytical tools for research in the spatial ecology of animals.
Medico-geographical atlas of Russia “Cancer risk factors”
Authors: Malkhazova Svetlana , Kotova Tatiana
Published: November 2023

The fight against cancer remains on the agenda to preserve the health of the Russian population and improve their quality of life. One of the methods of scientific analysis of the causes of the appearance and spread of cancer has become a complex system mapping with extensive use of geospatial statistics methods. Currently, the creation of cancer atlases is widely practiced in different countries of the world, which indicates their demand as an effective tool for research of the epidemiological search. No less significant is their role in educating and mobilizing the population to improve the environmental situation and, in some cases, to obtain specific practical knowledge in solving the problems that have arisen. One of the most pressing problems of modern fundamental medicine and, in particular, oncology, the solution of which is aimed at preventing cancer, is the establishment of risk factors and links between their effects and cancer. Risk factors are behavioral, biological, genetic, environmental, social, environmental, residential and work environment potentially hazardous to human health, which increase the likelihood of developing diseases, their progression and unfavorable outcome. To study risk factors on the territory of the Russian Federation, the Faculty of Geography of Lomonosov Moscow State University with the support of the Russian Geographical Society is working on the creation of the Medico-Geographical Atlas of Russia “Cancer risk factors”. The atlas is included in a series of previously published medico-geographical atlases of Russia, prepared by the faculty with the assistance of the Russian Geographical Society [2015; 2017; 2019]. The article presents the preliminary results of the preparation of the Atlas. At present, familiarization with domestic and foreign experience in the development of cancer atlases issues has been carried out; the concept of the Atlas was developed. In accordance with it, the structure and content of the Atlas was formed. The sources for the development of the Atlas were cartographic materials available on various media; statistical data for 2000–2021; the results of public surveys on the provision of medical care in oncology; original author’s development of a number of topics; numerous publications on the identification and work with cancer risk factors. Employees of leading oncological organizations are involved in the work on the Atlas: Federal State Budgetary Institution “National Medical Research Center of Oncology named after N.N. Blokhin” of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow Research Institute of Oncology named after P.A. Herzen and others.
Atlas information system “Foreign students in Russia”
Authors: Sopnev Nikolai , Belozerov Vitaly
Published: November 2023

Educational immigration is a specific category of migration, the role of which has been constantly growing in recent decades both in Russia and all over the world. In our country, due to the growing demographic crisis in most regions, educational immigration can become a way to mitigate unfavorable demographic processes. In this regard, it is important to understand the real geography of the immigration educational flow at various spatial levels. This specific category of migrations has its own spatial patterns, so it is necessary to realize an integrated approach to the study of student immigration, which allows to consolidate a wide set of statistical data from various sources of information, at various spatial levels, all over the world in general and in specific universities, conducting spatial analysis, modeling and visualizing the processes under study, atlas information systems allow to implement this request (AIS). The study presents the stages of preparation of the AIS “Foreign Students in Russia” including the development of the structure, the choice of software, the preparation of a spatial database, the choice of mapping methods, the development of a set of cartographic and visual models, the integration of the system into the web environment. The AIS implements the principle of multi-scale and it is prepared at 4 spatial levels: “Global”, reflecting the position of Russia in the world market of educational services; “Country”, containing indicators for Russia as a whole; “Regional”, which reflects the regional characteristics of student immigration; “Local”, which analyzes the nature of student immigration in universities of cities. Each section contains relevant materials based on student immigration, which allows to analyze the spatial features of students’ immigration processes in Russia and the capabilities of AIS as a visualization tool significantly increase the level of analytics and managerial decision-making if we consider the immigration policy not only of regions but also of universities in general.
The use of geo-information technology analysis the impact of open spaces on the individual’s mental state
Authors: Buryak Zhanna , Moskvitina Ulyana
Published: November 2023

The paper presents the possibilities of using digital elevation and terrain models to assess the impact of open spaces on the psychophysical state of a person. An approach to assessing the impact of the visible boundaries of the surrounding space is described, allowing the construction of virtual reality full-scale models of terrain with predetermined properties for personalization of psychotherapeutic scenarios. The first steps have been taken towards the creation of a methodology for assessing the aesthetic value of the landscape, from the standpoint of its direct influence on the psychophysical state of the observer. Thus, for three territories, fundamentally different in landscape conditions (high-rise buildings in New York, the highlands of the Alps and the gentle-hilly plain of the Central Russian Upland), the shape factor of the perceived space was calculated. It was done considering the surface curvature and the surface area of buildings using digital models of terrain and elevation in GIS. Through the coefficient of accommodation (AC), which compares the space form factor with a similarly calculated brain surface coefficient, the comfort of the environment for a particular person was assessed. In both examples of natural landscapes, AC takes values >0, which indicates comfortable conditions. Spaces with dense high-rise buildings (AC<0), have a more negative impact on the psycho-emotional state of the person. Although the changes in the accommodation coefficient of the perceived space along the route of observer’s movement depending on changes of volumetric area of visibility area was performed. It was found that the more varied the terrain, the more contrasting will be the response to the observer’s condition. The use of GIS-technology and 3D-modeling opens up the prospects of a new approach to the design of virtual reality, allowing to optimize and create personalized VR-programs of psycho-physiological correction.
Health Outcomes Masyarakat: Mengukur Seberapa Penting Peran BPJS Kesehatan di Kota Serang
Authors: Kurniawanto Hadi , Anggriawan Muhammad Angga , Rustandi Tata
Published: November 2023

Public health is very important and affects the quality of life of individuals and society as a whole. Community health outcomes refer to individual and population health outcomes that can be measured in various dimensions such as mortality rates, morbidity rates, quality of life, and so on. Studies on community health outcomes are very important because they can provide an overview of the health of a population and the factors that influence it. In Indonesia, BPJS Health is a health insurance program that all citizens must have. This program aims to ensure that all Indonesian citizens can access affordable and quality health services. The aim of this study is to measure how important the role of BPJS Kesehatan is in improving the health outcomes of people in Serang City. The research method used in this research is a survey method specifically designed to obtain information about the results or impact of health interventions or medical care on individuals or populations as measured in the form of changes in health status, whether clinical, functional or quality of life. The survey was conducted using a modified questionnaire from the US Health and Retirement Study (HRS). The sampling technique used purposive sampling, where the selected respondents focused on people who were over 45 years old and had been BPJS Health participants for more than 2 years. The results of the study explain that the role of BPJS Health on SRH Selft Rated Health, the number of diseases, the number of limitations in daily activities, and the number of difficulties in daily instrumental activities have a significant effect. This research shows that BPJS Health has an important role in improving public health in Serang City. 
A PROSPECTIVE COMPARATIVE STUDY OF EXTRAMEDULLARY IMPLANT (DHS) VS INTRAMEDULLARY IMPLANT (PFN) IN SUBTROCHANTERIC FRACTURES OF FEMUR
Authors: Desai Hrishikesh , Solanki Nirav
Published: November 2023

Subtrochanteric fractures account for 2-5% of all the proximal femur
fractures and 10-30 % of all the Hip fractures (1). Though less
common than intertrochanteric and femoral neck fractures, these are
important because of their challenging management for biomechanical
and anatomical reasons. These fractures are encountered both in young
and old age. Fractures in young patients are usually associated with
high energy trauma and those in old age are associated with low energy
trauma (2-5). The lever arm of the femoral neck produces large
compressive stresses in the medial and large tensile stresses in the
lateral subtrochanteric cortex. If fracture in this region is unstable,
these stresses are transmitted to any xation device, leading to a high
failure rate. This biomechanical problem is compounded by powerful
muscle vectors and by a predominance of cortical bone which takes
longer to heal.
LARVICIDAL AND PUPICIDAL ACTIVITY OF ARGYREIA POMACEA (CONVOLVULACEAE) LEAF EXTRACT AGAINST IN AEDES AEGYPTI (DIPTERA: CULICIDAE)
Authors: Vigneshwari R. , Jeyasankar A.
Published: November 2023

Objective: To determine the phytochemical, larvicidal and pupicidal activity of Argyreia pomacea choisy leaf extracts
against fourth instar larvae and newly emerged pupae of Ae. aegypti. Analysis t Methods: o determine the phytochemical
composition of chloroform and aqueous leaf extract was performed. At concentrations of 0.625%, 1.25%, 2.5% and 5% (g/ml), larvicidal and
pupicidal activity was determined against Ae. aegypti. After 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours, the mortality of larvae and pupae was evaluated, and after 24
and 48 hours, respectively. The preliminary phytochemical results revealed the pre Results: sence of steroids in the chloroform extract. The crude
chloroform leaf extracts of A. pomacea showed the highest percentage of larval mortality with LC₅₀ of 1.865, 1.384, 1.157 and 1.014 ppm and
LC₉₀ of 5.165, 3.678, 3.033 and 1.879 ppm and Pupal mortality with LC₅₀ of 11.657 and 3.068 ppm and LC₉₀ of 159.673 and 22.737 ppm than
aqueous extracts larval mortality with LC₅₀ of 16.938, 8.302, 6.950 and 5.656 ppm and LC₉₀ of 166.711 , 48.444, 35.613 and 25.844 ppm and
pupal mortality with LC₅₀ of 40.677 and 9.516 ppm and LC₉₀ of 876.260 and 120.062 ppm against Ae. aegypti. These results Conclusion:
indicated that the leaf extracts of A. pomacea showed the potential to be an ideal, sustainable approach to the control of Ae. aegypti.
THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS OF INTRALESIONAL BLEOMYCIN SCLEROTHERAPY FOR VASCULAR MALFORMATIONS OF HEAD AND NECK: A SINGLE CENTRE EXPERIENCE FROM NORTH INDIA.
Authors: Bashir Durfishan , Shah Mohd Umar , Ahmad Irshad , Bashir Haris
Published: November 2023

Background: Percutaneous sclerotherapy has emerged as a minimally invasive treatment option for hemangiomas. The
preset study was conducted to evaluate the response of Intralesional Bleomycin sclerotherapy for head and neck
hemangiomas at a tertiary care center. The study was conducted at a t Methods: ertiary care teaching hospital in the Kashmir valley, India, from
December 2021 to February 2023. Patients with vascular malformations in the head and neck region were included using convenient sampling
and provided with detailed information about the study's purpose. Intralesional bleomycin sclerotherapy was administered and the clinical
response was monitored. Serial photography and measurements were used to document the response before, during and after completion of the
treatment. Our ndings revealed signicant improvement in the majority of cas Results: es, with approximately 45% exhibiting marked
improvement in their condition. Complete resolution of the disease was observed in 29.82% of the cases. The adverse effect prole of the
treatment was favourable. In our study, Intralesional bleomycin sclerotherapy demonst Conclusion: rated a high level of safety, minimal
complications, and a substantial rate of lesion improvement. This treatment modality holds promise as an effective option for managing head and
neck hemangiomas.
DIAGNOSTIC UTILITY OF SPLIT HAND INDEX IN ALS
Authors: Sajith Anjana , Shankar Lenin , Kumar Ravi
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis is a rare motor neurodegenerative disease in adults characterized by both
UMN and LMN signs. Assessment of Split Hand Index through a simple electrophysiological study helps in early
diagnosis of ALS. This is study is prospective observational study conducted in Materials &Methods: department of Neurology in tertiary
referral center on patients attending OPD/In patients with clinically suspected ALS with Split Hand sign from January 2021 to August 2022.
Results: Among 22 patients included in the study ,majority were in age group of above 66 years .In our study of 22 patients,77% of patients were
males. Limb onset ALS was found in 91.9% ,bulbar onset ALS 8.1 %.In our study Split Hand Index (SHI)showed sensitivity of 75% and specicity
of 100%. SHI is simple,easy,non invasive ,electrophysiological tool for early diagnosis Conclusions: of ALS.
“STUDY OF METRONOMIC CHEMOTHERAPY IN HEAD AND NECK CANCER PATIENTS AT A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE: BARPETA DISTRICT, ASSAM”.
Authors: S Thamizholi , Nath Joydeep , Datta Saswati , Rahaman Md. Mostafijur , Bora Poragmoni
Published: November 2023

INTRODUCTION: Ever since Cancer Chemotherapy was introduced there have been remarkable advances in the eld
of oncology. Maximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) chemotherapy has been shown to be successful in achieving cure in
Haematological malignancies but has failed to show consistency in the case of advanced solid tumours. Metronomic chemotherapy is dened as
administration of low dose chemotherapy at frequent intervals without prolonged drug free periods. The aim of this therapy is to achieve
sustained blood levels of the chemotherapeutic drug, without the severe toxicity prole or the prolonged drug free breaks as seen in case of MTD
chemotherapy. We aim to assess the role of metronomic chemotherapy in Hea AIMS & OBJECTIVES: d and neck cancer patient and to analyse
the response and toxicity to treatment. We did a retrospective analysis of METHODS: 43 patients diagnosed with Head and neck cancer who
received Metronomic chemotherapy in a tertiary cancer care centre from the month of September 2022 to August 2023. The data collected was
as follows: Age, Sex, Diagnosis with staging, Sequence of prior treatment received, Duration of metronomic chemotherapy, Reason for stoppage
of metronomic chemotherapy, Response, Toxicity prole, and outcome. Degree of toxicity was assessed using the Common Terminology
criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE), version 4.0. The subjective response was assessed based upon the patient's symptoms and clinical
examination, and objective response was assessed using radiological modality wherever available. The Data was introduced and analysed by
computer program (SPSS version 17). Out of 43 Head & Neck cancer patients receivi RESULTS: ng metronomic chemotherapy, 32 were male
and 11 female patients with mean age of 53.75years (ranges from 32-92 Yrs.). Among which 66% belongs to Stage IV, 28% belongs to Stage III,
4% belongs to Stage II & 2% belongs to Stage I. Out of 43 patient, 37 patient received metronomic chemotherapy with palliative intent, 4 patients
received as Neoadjuvant, and 2 patients received as adjuvant chemotherapy with Objective response of Progressive Disease-46.5%, partial
response-23.5%, complete response-4.5%, No response-4.5% and stable disease-21%. Toxicity experienced during treatment like mucositis,
leukopenia, skin rashes, vomiting and diarrhoea. Majority of them experienced Grade I/II toxicity with fewer Grade III toxicity. More than 70%
of the patient had symptomatic benet. Metronomic chemotherapy is good option in i CONCLUSION: mproving Quality of life with better
Overall survival and lesser side effect in economically backward countries especially in advanced cancers or metastatic and recurrent Head and
Neck cancer individuals who are poor candidates for conventional chemotherapy
THE FUNCTIONAL AND RADIOLOGICAL OUTCOME OF PROXIMAL FIBULAR OSTEOTOMY IN PRIMARY OSTEOARTHRITIS (GRADE II AND III) OF THE KNEE
Authors: Kishore Hari , Muthulingam Manoharan , Anandapadmanaban Vinayagamoorthy
Published: November 2023

Background And Aim Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is the most common chronic, progressive, degenerative illness in older
people. There are several established surgical procedures for treating OA knee with their own merits and demerits. PFO
(proximal bular osteotomy) is a relatively recent surgery for treating knee OA involving the medial compartment. The study aimed to Evaluate the
Functional and Radiological outcome of Proximal Fibular Osteotomy in Primary Osteoarthritis Knee (Grade II and III). Materials And MethodsIn
this prospective interventional study, we enrolled 27 patients after satisfying inclusion and exclusion criteria based on consecutive sampling. VAS
score for pain and AKSS (Functional) for functional outcome and MJS was assessed preoperatively and postoperatively on Day 1 and 2,
4thwk,12thwk, 24thwk (6month). Results The VAS score for pain was reduced at all the time intervals, from preop to postop 6month follow-up, and
was statistically signicant (p-value < 0.001). The Functional AKSS increased in all the intervals from preop to postop with statistically signicant (pvalue < 0.001). The MJS increased at postop compared to preop with statistically signicant (p-value < 0.001). Conclusion Proximal Fibular
Osteotomy is a Simple, Safe, and Cost-effective procedure for Osteoarthritis Knee (Grade II, III), that gives immediate, satisfactory pain relief and
functional outcome in our population. It acts as a bridge between patients suffering from Osteoarthritis (Grade II, III) with failed conservative
management and unable to undergo HTO/TKR due to multiple factors. Patient selection is a key factor for a good prognosis
PECS-2 BLOCK FOR POST OPERATIVE ANALGESIA FOR MODIFIED RADICAL MASTECTOMY -A CASE REPORT
Authors: Ravi Ravi , Mohan Uma , R Sripriyanka , A Anbuselvi , P Badmasini
Published: November 2023

Carcinoma breast is the most common cancer in women worldwide and surgery remains the mainstay of its treatment.
Surgery for carcinoma breast is typically done under general anaesthesia and post operative pain is managed with opioids,
which comes with its own set of side effects. In this case report we present a case of cancer breast surgery in a patient with multiple co-morbidities
in whom the post op pain was managed with PECS-2 block.
PREVALENCE OF ORAL POTENTIALLY MALIGNANT DISORDERS IN PATIENTS ATTENDING PRIVATE DENTAL INSTITUTION IN CHENNAI – A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: C Pravda , Mohapatra Satavisha , James Raja Samul , Gulati Saakshi , Nandhini Nandhini , Priyanka M Ganesan
Published: November 2023

Background The Aim of this retrospective study is to identify the spectrum of potentially malignant disorders in highrisk patients and knowing its relation with the type of habit The study was bas Method ed on one year data collected
during 2019 of all patients with habit and Oral Potentially Malignant lesions. Results The study population consisted of 770 subjects. The age
group of the study population was between 17 years and 88 years, with the mean age being 37.70 ± 14.22 years. The study population consisted of
90.91% (700) male subjects and 9.09% (70) female subjects. Smoking habit was seen in 45.19% (348) subjects, smokeless tobacco use was seen
in 26.49% (204) subjects and alcohol consumption was seen in 8.5% (66) subjects. Only 1.56% (12) of the subjects had all three habits. In this
study we see that Leukoplakia is the most prevalent PMD with 23.08% (36) followed by Tobacco Pouch Keratosis with 19.23% (30), Smoker's
palate with 16.03% (25) and OSMF with 13.46% (21) of the study population. Conclusion Leukoplakia has been found to be the most prevalent
OPMD in the present study. We also saw that patients who had all three habits of smoking, smokeless tobacco, and alcohol consumption had more
prevalence of Leukoplakia as compared to OSMF and tobacco pouch keratosis. We recommend a more detailed study to be performed on patients
who have all three habits.
A STUDY ON THE MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEATED RBC (NRBC) COUNT WITHIN 24 HOURS OF LIFE AND ITS CORRELATION WITH OUTCOME
Authors: Goyal Anika , Vohra Arif , G Vaishnav Jolly , Shah Mansi , Jain Jigar
Published: November 2023

Introduction Various prognosticating factors like Interleukins-6, are available which can determine immediate perinatal
complications and immediate postnatal outcome in premature neonates for providing optimal care to improve neonatal
outcome specially in premature neonates. But Facility of doing these investigations is even not available in many tertiary hospitals in India. There
is need of one the simple, reliable and easily done. This study was undertaken to assess the extent to which NRBCs were associated with adverse
neonatal outcome in low-birth-weight neonates and to analyse if this count is a reliable marker to predict early neonatal outcome. Methodology
An observational analytical study was carried out in neonatal intensive care unit, civil hospital, Ahmedabad from January 2021- July 2021 with
aim to study the association of nucleated RBC count within 24 hours of life and its correlation with immediate outcome. Results Out of total 217
neonates enrolled in the study, 50 neonates (23%) had presence of nucleated RBCs in their blood sample collected within rst 24 hour of birth
with mean nRBC count of 24 ± 15 /100 WBC. Present study shows negative correlation between nRBC count with respect to birth weight. A
strong positive correlation was found between presence of nucleated RBC in the blood sample collected within 24 hours of life with mortality of
neonates during their course of hospitalization. Positive correlation has been observed with increase in risk of mortality with increase in
nucleated RBC in rst 24 hour of life. Conclusion The presence of nucleated RBCs within rst 24 hour of birth is independent, positively
correlated prognostic tool for prediction of morbidity and mortality in low-birth-weight neonates.
AWARENESS ABOUT THE CAUSE AND EFFECTS OF DRUG USE AMONG NURSING STUDENTS
Authors: H V Anupama , Amin Prakasha
Published: November 2023

Over the last few decades, drug consumption has become one of the biggest problems affecting millions of children and
youth in the country. Students who abuse substances lose interest in activities such as changing their eating or sleeping
habits, reducing their interaction with others, making dramatic changes in their studies, and getting into trouble with school ofcials or legal
trouble, all of which affect the emotional and psychological aspects of addicts and their parents. The present study was conducted in Mangalore,
which is one such city known for its quality education. There are eight medical colleges and other professional courses, and now it seems to have
become a place where, just dialling a number or sending an SMS, one can receive a drug at his doorstep. As per the report, drug abuse has
increased following the start of ofine classes. The drugs were supplied to the rooms of medical, management, hotel management, nursing and
engineering students' rooms through online food deliveries. The present cross-sectional study attempts to yield the responses of 115 nursing
students, selected through a purposive sampling technique, and a questionnaire was used to obtain data. The girls (70.47%) represent the highest
number, while 69.6 per cent of the respondents are pursuing their BSc nursing and most of them fall under the age group of 18 years (52.20%).
According to the ndings, curiosity is the major reason for substance use among adolescents (83.50%), whereas 60 per cent of them said failure in
the relationship can cause substance use. Further, 61.7 per cent of them believed that substance use can lead to a chemical imbalance, while 79.10
per cent of them were unaware that addiction causes dementia. Educating the youth can reduce the adverse health, social, and economic
consequences of drugs among adolescents.
INTRAVESICAL MITOMYCIN C VERSUS GEMCITABINE INSTILLATION IN THE TREATMENT OF LOW-RISK NON-MUSCLE INVASIVE BLADDER CANCER: AN ANALYTICAL STUDY
Authors: Prakash JVS , Thiruvarul PV , Vetrichandar S , Saraswathi Saraswathi , Kumar P Arun , V Natarajan , P Dhineshkumar , Kireeti Gollamandala
Published: November 2023

Background: Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is a common urological malignancy with a high risk of
recurrence and progression. Intravesical instillation of chemotherapeutic agents such as mitomycin C and gemcitabine
has been widely used for adjuvant therapy in low-risk NMIBC patients after complete Transurethral bladder tumor resection. This study aims to
compare the efcacy and safety of intravesical mitomycin C and gemcitabine instillation in the management of low-risk NMIBC. A Methods:
retrospective analytical study was conducted on a cohort of low-risk NMIBC patients who received intravesical chemotherapy at our institution
between January, 2018 and March 2022. Data including tumor characteristics, recurrence rates, progression rates, and adverse events were
collected and analyzed. Statistical method such as chi-square test was employed to assess the differences between the two treatment groups.
Results: Our analysis included a total of 26 low-risk NMIBC patients, with 14 patients receiving intravesical mitomycin C and 12 patients
receiving gemcitabine instillation. The mean follow-up duration was 12 months. There were no signicant differences in patient demographics
and baseline tumor characteristics between the two groups.In terms of efcacy, the recurrence rate in the mitomycin C group was 28.6%
compared to 25% in the gemcitabine group (p = 0.6). The progression rate was 7.14% in the mitomycin C group and 8.33% in the gemcitabine
group (p = 0.9). Cox regression analysis adjusted for potential confounders conrmed that there was no statistically signicant difference in
recurrence and progression rates between the two treatment groups.Regarding safety, adverse events such as dysuria reported in 35.7% of
patients in the mitomycin C group and 16.6% in the gemcitabine group (p <0.05) and increased frequency of urination reported in 42.9% of
patients in mitomycin C group and 16.6% patients in the gemcitabine group (p <0.001). Most adverse events were mild and transient, with
signicant lower incidence of side effects in gemcitabine groups. In this a Conclusion: nalytical study, we found no statistically signicant
differences in recurrence, progression rates between intravesical mitomycin C and gemcitabine instillation in the treatment of low-risk NMIBC.
Gemcitabine has better safety prole. Further prospective randomized controlled trials are warranted to validate these ndings and establish
optimal treatment protocols for low-risk NMIBC.
Physiological Studies in Horticultural Crops -An Overview
Authors: Zigene Zewdinesh Damtew
Published: November 2023

Plant physiology is the science which is connected to the material and energy exchange, growth and development, as well as movement of plant. The field of crop physiology includes the study of all the internal activities of crop plants, which are studied at many levels in the scale of size and time. Physiological study in horticultural crops like other crops, involves the basic and practically useful studies on processes such as water and nutrients in plant, nutrient supply of plants, production of primary and secondary metabolites, photosynthesis, respiration, transpiration, evapo-transpiration, plant stress physiology, growth and development responsible for crop production with the techniques to quantify and optimization of these processes for final economic yield production. The production of horticultural crops can be characterized as an open and highly complex system affected by climate, soil, cropping system and interactions between these factors. Plant growth and development are directly and indirectly influenced by environmental factors, in order to obtain a successful production it is essential to understand clearly how these factors affect plant physiology. This paper review the studies related with the major environmental factors and their physiological effect on production of horticultural crops.
Survey of Hausa Traditional Fish Fence Usage in Zamfara, North-West Nigeria
Authors: Gummi Musa Fadama
Published: November 2023

Artisanal fishing is a traditional occupation that exists among the Hausa people of Zamfara state, North-West Nigeria. This is made possible due to the presence of water resources which vary both in form and size. The region is blessed with six (6) rivers that traverse through it. These rivers are tributaries that emptied their volume of water into river Niger. These rivers become filled up with water during the rainy season and sometimes overflow their banks so much so that the floodplain areas of the state become over flooded, including the lakes that are found around Shikafi, Bakura and Gummi areas. The notable lakes in Zamfara include the Tafkin Jenna in Zurmi, the Nato in Bakura, the Saru Lake in Gummi and the Kalale Lake in Ɗangulbi of Maru Local Government. These lakes aside, the state is blessed with other smaller lakes and manmade water reservoirs, notable of which is the Bakalori dam of Maradun. The availability of these fishing grounds made it possible for a section of the population to engage in artisanal fishing as a means of sustenance for their livelihoods. The Zamfara fishermen make use of numerous techniques to enhance their catch. This paper is an attempt to explore the techniques of fishing fences, especially their type, construction and efficacy in enhancing catch. Through surveys and trips to selected fishing grounds, the paper concludes that traditional fishing fences form part of greater ways by which the fishermen enhance catch, especially during the dry season when the lakes’ water level has drastically reduced in volume due to the elapse of rain coupled with the effects of dry winds of the Winter (Harmattan) season which sets in around November through to February of each year.
AUTISMO E COMORBIDADES PSIQUIÁTRICAS: UMA ANÁLISE CRÍTICA NA LITERATURA - UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA COM ENFOQUE NA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Dias Renan Italo Rodrigues , Rocha Maria Eduarda de Sá Bonifácio , Oliveira Darione Melo de , Wege Clayton Eduardo , Lopes Diógenes Alexandre da Costa , Filho Adilson da Silva Morato , Souza Júlia Diniz de , Horta Amanda Almeida Barbosa , Ribeiro Raíssa Sousa Borges , Vasconcelos Gilvana Ferreira , Souza Acelita Dias Pereira de , Sapori Ana Carla Marçal caxeado
Published: November 2023

O presente estudo realiza uma análise crítica da literatura sobre o autismo e suas comorbidades psiquiátricas, enfocando uma revisão sistemática da pesquisa existente. Com base em uma extensa revisão de artigos científicos, teses e estudos relevantes, esta revisão de literatura visa aprofundar a compreensão das complexas interações entre o autismo e distúrbios psiquiátricos associados. Ao explorar as evidências disponíveis, destacamos a necessidade de uma abordagem crítica para entender a coexistência do autismo com condições psiquiátricas, como ansiedade, depressão e transtorno obsessiva-compulsivos. A revisão sistemática oferece uma síntese das descobertas mais recentes, abordando não apenas os desafios diagnósticos, mas também os impactos clínicos e terapêuticos dessas comorbidades. Ademais, esta revisão enfatiza a importância de estratégias de intervenção holísticas, considerando tanto os aspectos específicos do autismo quanto as necessidades associadas aos transtornos psiquiátricos. O estudo destaca lacunas na literatura existente, apontando para áreas que necessitam de pesquisas futuras para aprimorar a compreensão e o manejo clínico dessas condições complexas. Em síntese, a revisão sistemática oferece uma contribuição significativa ao campo, proporcionando uma visão crítica e abrangente das relações entre o autismo e comorbidades psiquiátricas, lançando luz sobre desafios clínicos, avanços recentes e direções promissoras para pesquisas futuras A revisão destaca a importância de uma abordagem crítica para compreender não apenas os aspectos diagnósticos, mas também os impactos clínicos e terapêuticos das comorbidades psiquiátricas no contexto do autismo. O estudo aborda as nuances nas manifestações clínicas, reconhecendo que a presença de transtornos como ansiedade, depressão e transtorno obsessiva-compulsivos pode influenciar significativamente a trajetória e qualidade de vida de indivíduos no espectro do autismo.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA BIOMECÂNICA PÉLVICA NO TRABALHO DE PARTO: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Campos Victoria Gabrielly Fernandes , Livramento Rosileide Alves , Guerreiro Ana Luiza Loureiro
Published: November 2023

A gravidez é caracterizada por muitas alterações psicológicas, fisiológicas e anatômicas no corpo feminino. Essas adaptações influenciam alterações metabólicas e funcionais durante esses 9 meses.  Assim, o profissional fisioterapeuta possui papel fundamental, pois trata-se de um profissional de primeiro contato que recebe formação em anatomia, fisiologia, biomecânica e cinesiologia, temas importantes para a compreensão da função e do tratamento da musculatura do assoalho pélvico para o trabalho de parto. Metodologia: Este estudo se apresenta como uma revisão de literatura a partir de publicações indexadas nas bases de dados BVS, Lilacs e SciELO. Resultados: Por do levantamento de dados foram encontrados 29 artigos, todavia foram usados apenas 10 artigos para o desenvolvimento da discussão do trabalho Considerações finais: nas pesquisas usadas para a construção desse trabalho se notou que a biomecânica pélvica no parto é fundamental para a ocorrência de um experiencia positivas para todas as gestantes, através de métodos terapêuticos que facilitarão e/o contribuirão para um processo de parto mais humano.
THE ROLE OF MORPHONOLOGICAL UNITS IN DESCRIPTION OF TYPOLOGICAL FEATURES OF FUSIONAL LANGUAGES
Authors: S.B. Im
Published: November 2023

The article deals with issues related to the fusion of the Russian language. According to the author, it manifests itself in such morphonological phenomena as alternation of stress, alternation of phonemes and alternation of affixes. They are units of morphonology that participate in the process of synthesizing the sound image of a word in inflection and derivation of the Russian language. Stress and alternations have been described in works by prof. V.A. Red’kin. An affix as a morphoneme representing variants (allomorphs) of a derivational suffix is considered in the works by S.B. Im.
KEY WORDS: Morphonology, Morphoneme, Fusion, Agglutination, Alternation.
Orientalne gwiazdy Hollywood
Authors: Loska Krzysztof
Published: November 2023

Punktem wyjścia artykułu jest hipoteza, że amerykańska kultura popularna wytworzyła na przełomie XIX i XX w. wizerunek Dalekiego Wschodu oparty na stereotypowym wyobrażeniu innych ras i narodów jako stojących niżej w rozwoju cywilizacyjnym oraz całkowicie odmiennych kulturowo. Wychodząc od charakterystyki orientalizmu w ujęciu Edwarda W. Saida, autor skupia się na produkcjach hollywoodzkich powstałych w pierwszej połowie ubiegłego stulecia, zwłaszcza tych z udziałem aktorów pochodzących z krajów azjatyckich: Sessue Hayakawy, Tsuru Aoki, Anny May Wong i Philipa Ahna. W filmach z tego okresu pojawia się obraz Orientu jako potencjalnego zagrożenia dla zachodniego porządku (symbol cielesnych pokus), ale jednocześnie źródło urzekających obrazów oraz egzotyczna sceneria dla opowieści przygodowych.
Hedy Lamarr. Austriacka piękność i wynalazczyni w hollywoodzkim systemie gwiazd
Authors: Kosińska-Krippner Beata
Published: November 2023

Autorka przypomina niezwykłą historię pochodzącej z Austrii hollywoodzkiej gwiazdy lat 30., 40. i wczesnych 50., a zarazem wynalazczyni (wraz z George’em Antheilem) tzw. metody rozpraszania widma sygnału z przeskokiem częstotliwości, która uchodzi dziś za podstawę komunikacji bezprzewodowej. Korzystając w dużej mierze z dwugłosowej biografii aktorki autorstwa Jochena Förstera i syna Hedy Lamarr Anthony’ego Lodera, Kosińska-Krippner koncentruje się głównie na funkcjonowaniu aktorki w hollywoodzkim systemie gwiazd, jej (nie)radzeniu sobie z jego wszystkimi pułapkami, z uwielbieniem i krytyką, a także na wpływie uwikłania w ten system na jej życie prywatne. Autorka przytacza przykłady na reaktywację upadłej gwiazdy jako wynalazczyni w latach 90. i wskazuje na inspirującą siłę jej biografii, która analizowana jest dziś przez badaczy w rozmaitych kontekstach.
Amerykański film animowany w wojennej potrzebie
Authors: Mróz Michał
Published: November 2023

Celem artykułu jest ukazanie roli, jaką po ataku na bazę Pearl Harbor odegrał amerykański film animowany. Autor nakreśla, w jaki sposób sztuka, która była tworzona według formuły popularnego kina rozrywkowego, przekształciła się w machinę do budowania patriotycznego ducha, przekazywania informacji dla społeczeństwa czy instrukcji dla wojska. W trakcie analizy wyróżnione zostały te elementy filmu rysunkowego, które tworzą propagandowy przekaz. Autor podkreśla dużą rolę animowanej postaci, symboliki narodowej, a także sposobu ukazywania wroga. Wskazuje również, w jaki sposób wraz ze zmianą sytuacji na froncie przekształcano przekaz propagandowy. Oddana została także atmosfera pracy w amerykańskim przemyśle animowanym oraz udział pozafilmowych środków propagandy. Opisowi i analizie tych zmian towarzyszy próba określenia narodotwórczej i ideologicznej roli filmu animowanego w początkowym okresie udziału Stanów Zjednoczonych w II wojnie światowej.
Hollywood na frontach zimnej wojny
Authors: Włodek Patrycja
Published: November 2023

Lata 50. przeszły do historii Ameryki jako czas makkartyzmu, polowania na czarownice i czarnych list. Pod wpływem interesów wielkich wytwórni i powojennej zmiany w Waszyngtonie, gdy władzę przejęli republikanie, atmosferę zimnej wojny zaczęto wykorzystywać do wewnętrznych rozgrywek. Narzędziem makkartyzmu, które najbardziej dotknęło Hollywood, była Komisja do spraw Badania Działalności Antyamerykańskiej w latach 1947-1960 prowadząca przesłuchania pracowników branży filmowej w poszukiwaniu komunistów i ludzi o niewygodnych poglądach. Skutkowało to atmosferą zastraszania, inkryminacją określonych tematów, zakazami pracy, miało też wpływ na kształt kinematografii amerykańskiej w latach 50. – dominację bądź deficyt pewnych kwestii, a nawet narodziny całych gatunków i nurtów filmowych.
Hitchcock w pułapce. Wczesna krytyka „Okna na podwórze” i figura artysty nowoczesnego
Authors: Niemira Konrad
Published: November 2023

Przedmiotem artykułu jest wczesna recepcja filmu Alfreda Hitchcocka Okno na podwórze (Rear Window, 1954) i jej związek z przemianą wizerunku reżysera dokonująca się w końcu lat 50. XX w. W tym czasie, najpierw w Europie, a później  także w USA,  Hitchcock coraz częściej był odbierany jako pełnoprawny artysta, a nie tylko „mistrz suspensu”. W pierwszej części artykułu został zrekonstruowany charakter promocji towarzyszącej wejściu Okna na podwórze do kin oraz reakcje amerykańskich krytyków. Odczytaniu filmu w kontekście kina rozrywkowego i filmu sensacyjnego została przeciwstawiona jego francuska recepcja. Przywołane zostały artykuły François Truffauta i André Bazina publikowane w miesięcznikach „Cahiers du cinéma” i „Arts”, które akcentują artystyczny i autotematyczny (a więc również modernistyczny) aspekt Okna na podwórze. W kolejnej części analizie został poddany sposób, w jaki Hitchcock i jego otoczenie zaczęło na początku lat 60. wykorzystywać francuską krytykę dla podniesienia pozycji reżysera w Ameryce. Problem przekształcania się wizerunku Hitchcocka z entertainera w artystę został zestawiony z przemianą, którą daje się prześledzić w jego późnych filmach, oraz z sytuacją  kina suspensu na początku lat 60.
„Prawdziwe męstwo", czyli o możliwościach lektury gatunku jako politycznego zwierciadła
Authors: Skupień Ireneusz
Published: November 2023

Artykuł ukazuje, w jaki sposób kino postmodernistyczne wykorzystuje tradycję gatunkową w celu skonstruowania dyskursu o współczesnej Ameryce. Autor stawia hipotezę, że Prawdziwe męstwo braci Coen, western uwikłany w sieć intertekstualnych odniesień (zarówno literackich, jako adaptacja powieści Ch. Portisa, jak i historyczno-filmowych, jako remake filmu H. Hathawaya), posiada zdolność wykreowania reprezentacji pozatekstualnej. W artykule obecna jest polemika z najbardziej rozpowszechnionym stanowiskiem badawczym, które neguje możliwość generowania przez estetykę postmodernistyczną znaczeń wychodzących poza obręb tekstu. Autor broni tezy, że film braci Coen jest tekstem otwierającym się na możliwość interpretacji w kategoriach odczytania gatunkowego kostiumu jako odbicia społecznych postaw, niepokojów i pragnień. Istotne problemy, które podejmuje autor artykułu, dotyczą ponadto kwestii demitologizacji i polemiki z westernową tradycją oraz pytań o możliwość podejścia do westernu jako źródła znaczeń historycznych.
„Smart cinema”. Mądre kino z „indie” świata
Authors: Syska Rafał
Published: November 2023

Autor poddał analizie jedną z najważniejszych ścieżek amerykańskiego kina niezależnego lat 90. – smart cinema. Opisał kontekst produkcyjno-dystrybucyjny i ulokował go w pejzażu indieworld – fenomenu rozwijającego się od 25 lat w USA. Następnie prześledził najważniejsze cechy smart filmów, koncentrując się na ich konserwatyzmie estetycznym i światopoglądowym, ale także na kwestii ironii oraz przypadku. Uznał, że smart filmy to antyteza kina familijnego, ale jednocześnie tęsknota za pryncypiami amerykańskiego modelu stosunków społecznych. Syska stworzył wstępny zarys zjawiska, przywołał najważniejszych jego twórców: Paula Thomasa Andersona, Tamarę Jenkins, Alexandre’a Payne’a, Todda Solondza i innych, a także zestawił smart cinema z quirky cinema.
Eksperymenty i kompromisy: „mind-game films” we współczesnym kinie amerykańskim
Authors: Szczekała Barbara
Published: November 2023

Artykuł koncentruje się na fenomenie tzw. mind-game films – filmów powstających od końca lat 90., które cechują się m.in. skomplikowaną narracją, ontologicznie niepewnymi światami przedstawionymi, niestabilnymi mentalnie bohaterami ogniskującymi fabułę. Autorka tekstu osadza zjawisko mind-game films w kontekście przemian w estetyce i produkcji współczesnego kina amerykańskiego i odpowiada na pytanie, dlaczego okazało się ono najwyraźniej obecne właśnie w kinematografii USA. Choć eksperymenty narracyjne nakierowane na budzenie dyskomfortu poznawczego u widza były dostrzegalne już w kinie modernistycznym, to właśnie współczesne kino amerykańskie sprawiło, że stały się one oswajalne i przystępne dla szerszej widowni. Szczekała skupia się również na aspekcie estetyczno-ideologicznym zjawiska, analizuje najczęściej powtarzające się tematy i chwyty narracyjne oraz swoistą dla mind-game films formę „identyfikacji poznawczej”.
Film jako źródło wiedzy historycznej. Żydzi w społeczeństwie i filmie amerykańskim XX w.
Authors: Lewicki Zbigniew
Published: November 2023

Artykuł dotyczy zagadnienia traktowania filmu jak źródła wiedzy historycznej na przykładzie sposobu traktowania Żydów w społeczeństwie amerykańskim XX w. i odzwierciedlenia tej problematyki w filmach. Z przeprowadzonych analiz wynika, że istnieje wyraźna korelacja wydarzeń historycznych z tego zakresu oraz częstotliwości i sposobu ukazywania dylematów odrębnej religijnie i kulturowo mniejszości żydowskiej w USA. Nie jest to jednak relacja jednostronna, gdyż filmy nie tylko ukazywały ten specyficzny problem społeczny, lecz także wpływały na zmianę nastawienia Amerykanów do grupy żydowskiej. Aczkolwiek kwestia roli, jaką w historiografii odgrywają filmy, wymaga dalszych, poszerzonych studiów, artykuł jednoznacznie wykazuje, że z konieczną dozą ostrożności można uznać dzieła filmowe za uprawnione źródło wiedzy o wydarzeniach historycznych, w tym przede wszystkim o nastrojach społecznych epoki.
Antropologia, ludobójstwo i obrazowanie
Authors: Singer André
Published: November 2023

Wydaje się, że antropologia długo dojrzewała do podjęcia tematu ludobójstwa albo – patrząc na to z drugiej strony – długo ten temat omijała. Przemiany, jakie zaszły w tej dziedzinie w drugiej połowie XX w. i później, wraz z coraz bardziej znaczącym oddziaływaniem antropologii zaangażowanej, zmieniły tę sytuację. André Singer, antropolog i filmowiec, był w ostatnich latach w różnym charakterze zaangażowany w produkcję trzech filmów – Scena zbrodni (reż. Joshua Oppenheimer, 2012), Scena ciszy (reż. Joshua Oppenheimer, 2014) i Ciemności skryją ziemię (reż. André Singer, 2014) – które wykorzystały ruchome obrazy do sportretowania ludobójstw dokonanych w całkiem odmiennych okolicznościach w Europie i Indonezji. W niniejszym tekście, na podstawie materiału zgromadzonego do wspomnianych filmów, Singer zastanawia się, czy paradygmat antropologiczny przyczynia się bądź czy mógłby się przyczynić do lepszego zrozumienia tych fenomenów.