bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Sea Pollution by Sewage from Vessels
Authors: Koboević Žarko , Mišković Darijo , Capor Hrošik Romana , Koboević Nikša
Published: December 2021

In this study, we analysed the sea pollution caused by sewage from vessels. The Dubrovnik aquatorium was chosen as a typical sea area that accommodates a variety of vessels in different locations. We sampled the sea at eight different coastal locations over 14 months and then analysed the samples to determine the presence of the indicators of fecal pollution. Simultaneous with the sampling of the sea, we recorded the number and type of vessels accommodated at the port. These data were applied in chi-square tests, which were used to determine the existence of the relationship of certain types of vessels with fecal coliform bacteria in the sea for each location. The correlation was determined between smaller vessels such as boats, yachts, megayachts, and smaller cruise ships in national navigation with bacteria at sea at the sampling locations. The results can provide an improved understanding of sea pollution due to sewage from vessels.
Employees’ Perceptions on the Relationship of Intellectual Capital and Business Performance of ICT Companies
Authors: Lekić Nemanja , Carić Marko , Soleša Dragan , Vapa Tankosić Jelena , Rajaković-Mijailović Jasmina , Bogetić Srđan , Vučičević Marko
Published: December 2021

The ICT sector has been recognized as a sector with great potential for the growth and development of the economy of the Republic of Serbia. This initiated the need to analyze the strategic aspect of the ICT sector intellectual capital concept. The purpose of the paper is to empirically test the impact of intellectual capital on business performance within the ICT sector. The research was conducted on a sample of 611 employees in ICT sector companies in the Republic of Serbia. The partial least squares method was used to model the structural equations for analysis of the primary data and testing of the hypotheses. The findings show a positive and statistically significant relationship between individual components of intellectual capital and the business performance of ICT companies, which confirms the hypotheses. Human capital proved to have the strongest influence on the business performance of ICT companies. This paper provides new scientific knowledge which can contribute to creating long-term strategies that shall focus on more sophisticated management of intellectual capital, compared to the traditional tasks of allocating resources of the organization. The findings may be of interest to other sectors stakeholders to provide deeper understanding on intellectual capital as an essential source of companies’ competitive advantage that can positively impact business performance.
Airport Efficiency Analysis in Europe Including User Satisfaction: A Non-Parametric Analysis with DEA Approach
Authors: Henke Ilaria , Esposito Mauro , della Corte Valentina , del Gaudio Giovanna , Pagliara Francesca
Published: December 2021

In recent years, the air transport sector has played a significant role in the economy of the areas served. The demand for air travel has doubled every fifteen years and has grown faster with respect to other industries. This is also due to the introduction of low-cost airlines (LCA). In the coming decades, more efficient management of airports will become an essential aspect to address. A clear understanding of the current airport structure based on the analysis of the operational efficiency will therefore be necessary. All air carriers seek to expand their operations at airports, which tend to operate efficiently in order to reduce costs. However, in carrying out their activities and maximizing operational efficiency, airports should simultaneously manage to increase their passengers’ satisfaction. All over the world, passengers are demanding higher levels of service and regulators are paying increasing attention to the provision of airport services and the quality of the services supplied. Starting from these considerations, the aim of this paper is to study the efficiency of an airport through joint analysis of the operational efficiency (with the Data Envelopment Analysis -DEA-model) for the airport manager (by maximizing the exploitation of existing infrastructures), taking into consideration the quality of airport services as perceived by the user. The original and added value of this work lies in the quantitative analysis of the main characteristics that determine the efficiency of main European airports, also taking into account the quality perceived by the users during their trips with the air mode. Thus, the efficiency of 103 European airports in 37 different countries, for the year 2018, were compared, highlighting the effect of low-cost airlines. This aspect, as far as the authors know, has not been treated in the literature. Indeed, this study represents a decision support system (DSS) tool for operational managers in the air sector for the identification of the characteristics that improve airport efficiency. This paper refers to the pre-COVID-19 period because it would not be useful to make an efficiency analysis influenced by the pandemic, since the latter represents a specific event. Therefore, this analysis provides interesting inputs for both researchers and practitioners to manage the issue of efficiency in ordinary contexts. Moreover, the airline industry is characterized by cut-throat competition, and it may be very useful in the close future to examine this issue to improve firms’ management in the industry.
Exploring Maker Innovation: A Transdisciplinary Engineering Design Perspective
Authors: Liu Wei , Zhu Yancong , Liu Min , Li Yanru
Published: December 2021

Researchers, designers, and engineers embrace the ongoing maker movement and view ‘grassroots innovation’ as essentially important for staying competitive in both academia and in industry. The research team gives full play to its expertise on innovation and entrepreneurship education. In the past five years of actively participating in the China-U.S. Young Maker Competition, the team coached and worked with over five hundred student makers to create innovative engineering prototypes focusing on the areas of community development, education, environmental protection, health and fitness, energy, transportation, and other areas of sustainable development by combining innovative design and emerging technologies. Several conceptual designs and developments are described. A transdisciplinary engineering design and teaching approach is presented and discussed. Due to the limited time allowed by the competition, more thorough design and development iterations will take place in a future study.
Identification of Virulence Associated Region during Highly Pathogenic Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus during Attenuation In Vitro: Complex Question with Different Strain Backgrounds
Authors: Jiang Yifeng , Tong Wu , Yu Lingxue , Li Liwei , Gao Fei , Li Guoxin , Liu Changlong , Chen Pengfei , Shen Qi , Zhang Yujiao , Zhou Yanjun , Tong Guangzhi
Published: December 2021

Highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus PRRSV (HP-PRRSV) was one of the most devastating diseases of the pig industry, among various strategies, vaccination was one of the most useful tools for PRRS control. Attenuated live vaccine was used worldwide, however, the genetic basis of HP-PRRSV virulence change during attenuation remain to be determined. Here, to identify virulence associated regions of HP-PRRSV during attenuation in vitro, six full-length infectious cDNA clones with interchanges of 5′UTR + ORF1a, ORF1b, and ORF2-7 + 3′UTR regions between HP-PRRSV strain HuN4-F5 and its attenuated vaccine strain HuN4-F112 were generated, and chimeric viruses were rescued. Piglets were inoculated with chimeric viruses and their parental viruses, and rectal temperature were recorded daily, and serum were collected for future experiments. Our results showed that ORF1a played an important role on virus replication, cytokine response and lung damage, the exchange of ORF1b and ORF2-7 in different backbone led to different exhibition on virus replication in vivo/vitro and cytokine response. Among 9 PRRSV attenuated series, consistent amino acid changes during PRRSV attenuation were found in NSP4, NSP9, GP2, E, GP3 and GP4. Our study provides a fundamental data for the investigation of PRRSV attenuation, the different results of the virulence change among different studies indicated that different mechanisms might be used during PRRSV virulence enhancement in vivo and attenuation in vitro.
Efficacy of the Newcastle Disease Virus Genotype VII.1.1-Matched Vaccines in Commercial Broilers
Authors: Sultan Hesham A. , Elfeil Wael K. , Nour Ahmed A. , Tantawy Laila , Kamel Elsayed G. , Eed Emad M. , El Askary Ahmad , Talaat Shaimaa
Published: December 2021

Class II genotype VII Newcastle disease viruses (NDV) are predominant in the Middle East and Asia despite intensive vaccination programs using conventional live and inactivated NDV vaccines. In this study, the protective efficacies of three commercial vaccine regimes involving genotype II NDV, recombinant genotype VII NDV-matched, and an autogenous velogenic NDV genotype VII vaccine were evaluated against challenge with velogenic NDV genotype VII (accession number MG029120). Three vaccination regimes were applied as follows: group-1 received inactivated genotype II, group-2 received inactivated recombinant genotype VII NDV-matched, and group-3 received velogenic inactivated autogenous NDV genotype VII vaccines given on day 7; for the live vaccine doses, each group received the same live genotype II vaccine. The birds in all of the groups were challenged with NDV genotype VII, which was applied on day 28. Protection by the three regimes was evaluated after infection based on mortality rate, clinical signs, gross lesions, virus shedding, seroconversion, and microscopic changes. The results showed that these three vaccination regimes partially protected commercial broilers (73%, 86%, 97%, respectively, vs. 8.6% in non-vaccinated challenged and 0% in non-vaccinated non-challenged birds) against mortality at 10 days post-challenge (dpc). Using inactivated vaccines significantly reduced the virus shedding at the level of the number of shedders and the amount of virus that was shed in all vaccinated groups (G1-3) compared to in the non-vaccinated group (G-4). In conclusion, using closely genotype-matched vaccines (NDV-GVII) provided higher protection than using vaccines that were not closely genotype-matched and non-genotype-matched. The vaccine seeds that were closely related to genotype VII.1.1 provided higher protection against challenge against this genotype since it circulates in the Middle East region. Updating vaccine seeds with recent and closely related isolates provides higher protection.
Eimeria maxima Rhomboid-like Protein 5 Provided Partial Protection against Homologous Challenge in Forms of Recombinant Protein and DNA Plasmid in Chickens
Authors: Tian Di , Liu Xiaoqian , Li Xiangrui , Xu Lixin , Yan Ruofeng , Song Xiaokai
Published: December 2021

Eimeria maxima (E. maxima) is one of the most prevalent species that causes chicken coccidiosis on chicken farms. During apicomplexan protozoa invasion, rhomboid-like proteins (ROMs) cleave microneme proteins (MICs), allowing the parasites to fully enter the host cells, which suggests that ROMs have the potential to be candidate antigens for the development of subunit or DNA vaccines against coccidiosis. In this study, a recombinant protein of E. maxima ROM5 (rEmROM5) was expressed and purified and was used as a subunit vaccine. The eukaryotic expression plasmid of pVAX–EmROM5 was constructed and was used as a DNA vaccine. Chickens who were two weeks old were vaccinated with the rEmROM5 and pVAX–EmROM5 vaccines twice, with a one-week interval separating the vaccination periods. The transcription and expression of pVAX–EmROM5 in the injected sites were detected through reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) and Western blot (WB) assays. The cellular and humoral immune responses that were induced by EmROM5 were determined by detecting the proportion of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes, the cytokine levels, and the serum antibody levels. Finally, vaccination-challenge trials were conducted to evaluate the protective efficacy of EmROM5 in forms of the recombinant protein (rEmROM5) and in the DNA plasmid (pVAX–EmROM5) separately. The results showed that rEmROM5 was about 53.64 kDa, which was well purified and recognized by the His-Tag Mouse Monoclonal antibody and the chicken serum against E. maxima separately. After vaccination, pVAX–EmROM5 was successfully transcribed and expressed in the injected sites of the chickens. Vaccination with rEmROM5 or pVAX–EmROM5 significantly promoted the proportion of CD4+/CD3+ and CD8+/CD3+ T lymphocytes, the mRNA levels of the cytokines IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, IL-17, TNF SF15, and IL-10, and specific IgG antibody levels compared to the control groups. The immunization also significantly reduced the weight loss, oocyst production, and intestinal lesions that are caused by E. maxima infection. The anticoccidial index (ACI)s of the vaccinated groups were beyond 160, showing moderate protection against E. maxima infection. In summary, EmROM5 was able to induce a robust immune response and effective protection against E. maxima in chickens in the form of both a recombinant protein and DNA plasmid. Hence, EmROM5 could be used as a candidate antigen for DNA vaccines and subunit vaccines against avian coccidiosis.
Safety and Immunogenicity of a Shigella Bivalent Conjugate Vaccine (ZF0901) in 3-Month- to 5-Year-Old Children in China
Authors: Mo Yi , Fang Wenjian , Li Hong , Chen Junji , Hu Xiaohua , Wang Bin , Feng Zhengli , Shi Honghua , He Ying , Huang Dong , Mo Zhaojun , Ye Qiang , Du Lin
Published: December 2021

No licensed Shigella vaccine is presently available globally. A double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled, age descending phase II clinical trial of a bivalent conjugate vaccine was studied in China. The vaccine ZF0901 consisted of O-specific polysaccharides purified and detoxified from lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of S. flexneri 2a and S. sonnei and covalently bonded to tetanus toxoid. A total of 224, 310, and 434 children, consented by parents or guardians, aged 3 to 6 and 6 to 12 months and 1 to 5 years old, respectively, were injected with half or full doses, with or without adjuvant or control Hib vaccine. There were no serious adverse reactions in all recipients of ZF0901 vaccine independent of age, dosage, number of injections, or the adjuvant status. Thirty days after the last injection, ZF0901 induced robust immune responses with significantly higher levels of type-specific serum antibodies (geometric mean concentrations (GMCs) of IgG anti-LPS) against both serotypes in all age groups compared with the pre-immune or the Hib control (p < 0.0001). Here, we demonstrated that ZF0901 bivalent Shigella conjugate vaccine is safe and immunogenic in infants and young children and is likely suitable for routine immunization.
Thiol-Functionalization Carbonaceous Adsorbents for the Removal of Methyl-Mercury from Water in the ppb Levels
Authors: Kokkinos Evgenios , Lampou Aggeliki , Kellartzis Ioannis , Karfaridis Dimitrios , Zouboulis Anastasios
Published: December 2021

Mercury is a highly toxic pollutant of major public health concern, and human exposure is mainly related to the aqueous phase, where its dominant form is methyl-mercury (MeHg). In the current work, two carbon-based adsorbents, i.e., a commercial activated carbon and a sunflower seeds’ biochar, were modified by the introduction of thiol-active groups onto their surfaces for the MeHg removal from natural-like water in ppb concentration levels. The examined thiol-functionalization was a two-step process, since the raw materials were initially treated with nitric acid (6 N), which is a reagent that favors the formation of surface carboxyl groups, and subsequently by the thiol surface bonding groups through an esterification reaction in methanol matrix. The adsorbents’ capacity was evaluated toward the Hgtotal legislative regulation limit (1 μg/L) in drinking water (denoted as Q1). The respective isothermal adsorption results revealed an increased affinity between MeHg and thiol-functionalized materials, where the commercial carbon showed slightly higher capacity (0.116 μg Hg/mg) compared with the biochar (0.108 μg Hg/mg). This variation can be attributed to the respective higher surface area, resulting, also, to higher thiol groups loading. Regarding the proposed mechanism, it was proved that the S-Hg bond was formed, based on the characterization of the best performed saturated adsorbent.
An SEM-REM-Based Study on the Driving and Restraining Mechanisms and Potential of Reclaimed Water Utilization in China
Authors: Zheng Jintao , Liu Jiufu , Ma Tao , Peng Anbang , Deng Xiyuan
Published: December 2021

In order to promote the efficient use of reclaimed water in China and make water resources allocation better structured, this paper analyzed the factors that drive and restrain the current utilization of reclaimed water and unveiled their correlation and hierarchy in a way to develop a non-recursive structural framework of what drives and restrain reclaimed water use. By structural equation modeling (SEM), the transmission path of affecting factors was identified, the contribution of the factors quantified, and key indicators for potential prediction selected. On that basis, a random-effects model (REM) was built to predict the potential availability of the country’s reclaimed water. Meanwhile, parametric confidence intervals at 10–90% quantile levels were described, given the uncertainty of REM parameters. The results showed that four indicators for potential prediction, namely the total amount of wastewater treated, the density of water pipelines in built-up areas, investment in facilities for reclaimed water treatment, and the processing of applications for water treatment patents, are intertwined with the utilization of reclaimed water. Overall, the REM for potential prediction produced more precise fitting results, with the most significant fitting error standing at 5.9%. Going ahead, China is set to maintain the rapid growth in reclaimed water use, and up to 13.7 billion cubic meters of reclaimed water is expected to be available by 2025. This will help better structure the urban water supply and render regional water recycling more efficient.
Nitrate Removal and Woodchip Properties across a Paired Denitrifying Bioreactor Treating Centralized Agricultural Ditch Flows
Authors: Maxwell Bryan , Christianson Laura , Cooke Richard A. C. , Foltz Mary , Wickramarathne Niranga , Chacon Ronnie , Christianson Reid
Published: December 2021

Treatment of nitrate loads by denitrifying bioreactors in centralized drainage ditches that receive subsurface tile drainage may offer a more effective alternative to end-of-pipe bioreactors. A paired denitrifying bioreactor design, consisting of an in-ditch bioreactor (18.3 × 2.1 × 0.2 m) treating ditch base flow and a diversion bioreactor (4.6 × 9.1 × 0.9 m) designed to treat high-flow events, was designed and constructed in an agricultural watershed (3.2 km2 drainage area) in Illinois, USA. Flow and water chemistry were monitored for three years and the woodchip and bioreactor-associated soil were analyzed for denitrification potential and chemical properties after 25 months. The in-ditch bioreactor did not significantly reduce nitrate concentrations in the ditch, likely due to low hydraulic connectivity with stream water and sedimentation. The diversion bioreactor significantly reduced nitrate concentrations (58% average reduction) but treated only ~2% of annual ditch flow. Denitrification potential was significantly higher in the in-ditch bioreactor woodchips versus the diversion bioreactor after 25 months (2950 ± 580 vs. 620 ± 310 ng N g−1 dry media h−1). The passive flow design was simple to construct and did not restrict flow in the drainage ditch but resulted in low hydraulic exchange, limiting nitrate removal.
Análisis de la situación de salud en Cerro Guayabal
Authors: Vásquez Giler Yira Annabell , González Hernández Alina , Macías Moreira Paula Salomé , Carrillo Farnés Olimpia Victoria
Published: December 2021

El Análisis de Situación de Salud es una herramienta que busca mejorar la salud y calidad de vida de poblaciones. Se diseñó una investigación transversal, descriptiva; con doble propósito: relacio- nar condiciones de vida y comportamiento del proceso salud y enfermedad en la comunidad Cerro de Guayabal y realizar ejercicio práctico-docente con estudiantes del quinto semestre de Medicina. Se encuestaron 266 familias, 1134 personas (91%) de la población total. El 71% solo alcanza nivel de formación primaria. Más de la mitad tiene viviendas en condiciones regulares y cultura sanita- ria entre regular y mal. El 87% no tiene necesidades básicas cubiertas. Más del 50% son familias disfuncionales. El 56% se dispensarizó de riesgo y 11% enfermos. Dada las condiciones de vida y ausencia de centro de salud parece existir morbilidad oculta. Existe riesgo de accidentes de tránsito y laboral. Resultó un tema crítico la recolección de residuos, el acceso a agua potable y la conta- minación ambiental. Existe imperiosa necesidad de intervenciones de salud para mejorar el estado de salud y calidad de vida de esta comunidad.

Palabras clave: calidad de vida, estado de salud, salud pública.

Abstract:

The Health Situation Analysis is a tool that seeks to improve the health and quality of life of pop- ulations. A cross-sectional descriptive study was designed; with dual purpose: to relate living con- ditions and health behavior and disease process in the Cerro de Guayabal community and make practical-teaching practice with students of the fifth semester of Medicine. 266 families, 1134 people (91%) of the total population were surveyed. Only 71% reached primary level. More than half are in regular housing conditions and health culture fair to poor. 87% do not cover basic needs. More than 50% are dysfunctional families. 56% were risk dispensary and 11% were sick. Given the living conditions and lack of health center it seems to be hidden morbidity. There is a risk of traffic and labor accidents. Waste collection, access to drinking water and environmental pollution were critical issues. There is an urgent need for health interventions to improve the health state and quality of life of this community.

Key words: life quality, health state, public health.
Cesárea en el Hospital Verdi Cevallos Balda en el año 2015
Authors: Suárez Fernández Juan Carlos , Chancay Mendoza Andrea Patricia , Fernández Virginia , Proaño Arias Galo Marcelo , Marrero González Dadier
Published: December 2021

En los últimos años, el parto por cesárea ha aumentado en relación al parto transpelviano a nivel mundial,  lo  cual  constituye  una  problemática  de  salud,  teniendo  en  cuenta  su  asociación  con  la morbimortalidad de las pacientes y el incremento de los costes que representa. En este trabajo, se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo en el Hospital Regional Doctor Verdi Cevallos Bal- da de la ciudad de Portoviejo, entre enero y diciembre de 2015, con el objetivo de determinar las indicaciones más frecuentes de la cesárea. El universo estuvo constituido por 3037 gestantes. La muestra fue de 1260 cesareadas que cumplieron con el criterio de inclusión como cesárea primiti- va, y de exclusión para las cesáreas iteradas y los partos transpelvianos. Los resultados mostraron que al 56,1% de las gestantes se les practicó cesárea. Dentro de los diagnósticos de la cesárea se observó predominio de la desproporción cefalopélvica con un 42,5% el compromiso de bienestar fetal con un 26,8% y la corioamnionitis un 0,1%, correspondiendo a las indicaciones maternas, fe- tales y ovulares respectivamente. Se concluyó que la indicación de cesárea, debe ser el resultado de una evaluación integral del estado maternofetal, sobre el que se decide la realización de este procedimiento quirúrgico.

Palabras clave: Cesárea, cefalopélvica, bienestar fetal, corioamnionitis

Abstract:

In recent years, cesarean has risen in relation to the transpelvic delivery worldwide, which is a pro- blem of health, taking into account its association with mortality and morbidity of patients and the increased costs which they represent. In this work, a descriptive observational study was conducted in the Regional Hospital Doctor Verdi Cevallos Balda in the city of Portoviejo, from January to De- cember 2015 with the objective of determining the most frequent indications for cesarean section. The universe consisted of 3037 pregnant women. The sample was cesarean section 1260 that met the  inclusion  criteria  as  early  cesarean  section, and exclusion  for  iterated  transpelvic  deliveries and caesarean sections. The results showed that 56.1% of pregnant women underwent caesarean section.  Within  diagnoses  prevalence  of  caesarean  section cephalopelvic  disproportion  to  42.5% was observed, the commitment of fetal well-being for 26.8% and 0.1% for chorioamnionitis, corres- ponding to maternal, fetal indications and ovular respectively. It was concluded that the indication of cesarean section, must be the result of a integral assessment of the maternal-fetal state, on which the realization of this surgical procedure is decided.

Key words: Cesarean, cephalopelvic, fetal well-being, corioamnionitis
DESAFIOS PARA GESTORES ESCOLARES EM TEMPOS DE INCERTEZA
Authors: Iannone Leila Rentroia
Published: December 2021

O presente artigo faz uma reflexão sobre os desafios da gestão escolar durante a pandemia do covid, aponta alguns caminhos que podem auxiliar o gestor e questionamentos que podem servir de base para os caminhos futuros em relação ao papel do gestor escolar. Para tanto, tem por pressupostos teóricos autores que apontam o caminho democrático e participativo como elucidadores das reflexões e sustenta-se em dados e pesquisas realizadas pelo Banco Mundial em 2021.
SABERES CULTURAIS DO CARIMBÓ E AS IMPRESSÕES PEDAGÓGICAS DE PROFESSORES DO 9º ANO DE ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL EM MARAPANIM (PA)
Authors: De Azevedo Ana D'Arc Martins , Souza Leika Cristiane Ribeiro de , Fidalgo Arroyo Maria Betânia De Carvalho
Published: December 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho é conhecer a conexão estabelecida entre os saberes culturais do carimbó e as impressões pedagógicas de professores do 9º ano de Ensino Fundamental em Marapanim (PA), além de buscar identificar a compreensão dos professores sobre essa conexão; analisar como o planejamento está articulado com o BNCC; caracterizar o efeito curricular dessa conexão; analisar o desdobramento social que essa conexão faz com a realidade local. Como procedimentos metodológicos foram adotados, questionários abertos e fechados, sendo que, a análise dos dados fora constituída de forma empírico-analítica e crítico dialética. Os resultados apontam que os saberes culturais e do carimbó tem importante papel no processo de aprendizagem, pois permitem não só a socialização, mas a discussão de diferentes saberes no ambiente escolar, através do conteúdo cultural podendo inclusive servir de exemplos para diferentes disciplinas do currículo escolar. Além de versar sobre os saberes culturais do carimbó e as impressões pedagógicas de professores do 9º ano do ensino fundamental na cidade de Marapanim no Estado do Pará, considerada o berço deste fenômeno que inserido na cultura amazônica, não envolve conceitos somente de cultura, mas também de linguagem e identidade, que mesmo estando relacionados são completamente distintos.
METEORITOS CONDRITOS: ROCHAS EXTRATERRESTRES PRIMITIVAS DO SISTEMA SOLAR
Authors: Nascimento-Dias Bruno Leonardo
Published: December 2021

Os condritos são considerados os meteoritos mais primitivos do sistema solar e possuem essa denominação por conta dos côndrulos em sua matriz. Esses materiais possuem informações preciosas sobre o início do Sistema Solar, pois não experimentaram fusão e diferenciação ígnea. Atualmente, a comunidade científica segue a classificação que reúne os meteoritos em clãs, grupos e classes. Isto é importante, pois a partir das propriedades diferentes encontradas entre os condritos, é possível saber o ambiente no qual eles foram formados, seria como localização do afloramento e seu contexto regional para a geologia. Dessa forma, o objetivo principal aqui é desenvolver uma revisão ampla e sintetizada sobre os meteoritos condritos. Em geral, os condritos são agrupados em clãs menores e divididos em Carbonáceos (C), Ordinários (CO), Enstatita (E), Rumirutitos (R) e Kakangaritos (K). É importante mencionar que existem 3 processos que podem alterar as suas características primordiais dos condritos, que são 1) A alteracÌ§aÌo aquosa, 2) O metamorfismo termal, 3) Impacto ou metamorfismo de choque, além do próprio intemperismo terrestre. Por fim, espera-se que este artigo possa contribuir como referencial teórico para alunos de graduação e pós-graduação, pois existem pouquíssimos artigos e literatura na língua portuguesa sobre meteorítica e este trabalho buscou fazer um apanhado geral sobre meteoritos condritos.
AVALIAR POR MEIO DA LITERATURA OS AVANÇOS A CONSCIÊNCIA AMBIENTAL REFERENTE AO RESIDUO DE POLIESTIRENO EXPANDIDO (EPS)
Authors: Freitas Gabriel Sousa de
Published: December 2021

O presente artigo visa avaliar, por meio da literatura, os avanços da consciência ambiental referente ao resíduo de poliestireno expandido (EPS). O EPS representa um grande problema para o meio ambiente devido a geração de resíduo e o seu descarte ser realizado de forma incorreta. O descarte incorreto do resíduo prejudica a vida útil dos aterros sanitários e a causa impactos ambientais. Apesar do EPS ser reciclagem, não é viável economicamente tornando seu descarte incorreto mais frequente, alguns autores realizaram pesquisas para inserção do resíduo no próprio ciclo de atividade da construção civil, entretanto, se faz necessário a busca de mais pesquisas sobre o tema.
CRISE AMBIENTAL E A DESNATURAÇÃO DA POLÍTICA NACIONAL DO MEIO AMBIENTE NO BRASIL
Authors: Lima Domingues de Souza Luciana , Zanatta Fernando , Conti Diego De Melo , Ferreira da Silva Filho Cândido
Published: December 2021

O Brasil vive uma severa crise ambiental, a qual atinge sua culminância com o desmonte da Política Nacional do Meio Ambiente. As recentes mudanças nas políticas ambientais realizadas desde 2019 pelo governo brasileiro têm sido amplamente repercutidas de maneira negativa nas comunidades científicas nacionais e internacionais, trazendo à tona a importância dos biomas brasileiros para o desenvolvimento sustentável do planeta. Este artigo teve como objetivo investigar e refletir sobre os encontros e desencontros da Lei no. 6.938, de 31 de agosto de 1981, discutindo a Política Nacional do Meio Ambiente na atualidade. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa de caráter exploratório e de abordagem qualitativa, baseando-se em uma revisão de literatura. A análise dos dados foi realizada pelo método de abordagem sistêmico-complexo. Os resultados indicam que houve uma desnaturação da Política Nacional do Meio Ambiente, tornando assim a lei branda e até mesmo ineficaz para a preservação do patrimônio ambiental do Brasil.
PROFESIONALIZACION DE LA ARBORICULTURA EN LATINOAMERICA
Authors: Llanos Rojas Carlos Javier
Published: December 2021

Esta nota técnica brinda una visión general de la arboricultura en América Latina, abordando su evolución, certificaciones reconocidas, la industria de la arboricultura, disponibilidad de equipos, limitaciones, desafíos y estrategias. La arboricultura en América Latina tiene características propias que deben ser consideradas para poder avanzar y desarrollarse. Esta nota técnica resume la discusión realizada el 3 de octubre de 2021, en el XXIV Congresso Brasileiro de Arborização Urbana y III Congresso Internacional de Arborização Urbana.
EXISTE ESPECIFICIDADE DE HOSPEDEIROS POR Psittacanthus acinarius (Loranthaceae) EM ÁREA VERDE URBANA?
Authors: Gabriel André Luiz , Coene Angelica Chaves , Santos Camila Campos dos , Cozer Mileny Sampaio , Aoki Camila
Published: December 2021

As ervas-de-passarinho são importantes elementos das comunidades vegetais, provendo recursos para polinizadores, frugívoros e herbívoros, além de apresentar relevância econômica e social para os seres humanos. Ainda compreendemos pouco das relações entre as ervas-de-passarinho e seus hospedeiros, e essa compreensão é primordial para estruturação de estratégias de manejo e/ou conservação das espécies envolvidas. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo gera informações inéditas sobre a ocorrência de Psittacanthus acinarius em espécies nativas e exóticas em ambiente urbano no ecótono Cerrado-Pantanal. Registramos uma elevada taxa de infestação das árvores (26,7%) no Campus de Aquidauana da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul. Houve maior infestação de P. acinarius em espécies nativas da arborização, com destaque para Inga laurina (Ingá-mirim), Machaerium acutifolium (Jacarandá-bico-de-pato), Jacaranda cuspidifolia (Caroba) e Sapium haematospermum (Leiteira). Estudos sobre os fatores que determinam a prevalência da infecção e o uso de hospedeiros por P. acinarius ainda se fazem necessários.
APLICAÇÃO DE APRENDIZADO DE MÁQUINA COM DADOS DE SENSORIAMENTO REMOTO PARA O MAPEAMENTO DE FLORESTAS URBANAS
Authors: Cano Priscila Lôpo Guimarães , Marcato Junior José
Published: December 2021

As florestas urbanas fornecem vários benefícios para as cidades, incluindo redução das temperaturas, melhorias na qualidade do ar, saúde e lazer da população e proteção de bacias hidrográficas, tornando assim um dos indicadores mais importantes da qualidade ambiental e sustentabilidade urbana. Campo Grande, no Mato Grosso do Sul, possui o título de "Tree Cities of the World", que reconhece as cidades mais comprometidas com a preservação das florestas urbanas e o desenvolvimento sustentável, portanto o mapeamento e monitoramento servem como ferramenta de auxílio para os governos e tomadores de decisão. O presente trabalho consistiu em combinar imagens de sensoriamento remoto de alta resolução e algoritmo de aprendizado de máquina (machine learning) para mapear florestas urbanas. O estudo foi realizado na Bacia hidrográfica do Prosa, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, considerando imagens do Google Earth de 14 de maio de 2020. Para fins de classificação, adotou-se o algoritmo Random Forest associado com segmentação prévia da imagem com a técnica mean shift. Como resultado, obteve-se um percentual de 18,31% de vegetação arbórea na bacia e a métrica F1 superior a 85%, possibilitando, assim, um mapeamento acurado e atualizado de florestas urbanas.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: árvores. random forest. classificação supervisionada. arcgis pro.
DESAFIOS DA GESTÃO DE RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS ORGÂNICOS URBANOS E A SUA CONTRIBUIÇÃO PARA ARBORIZAÇÃO URBANA
Authors: Conceição Joelma Telesi Pacheco , Conceição Marcio Magera , Costa Ricardo , Dalmas Fabricio Bau , Ferreira Mauricio Lamano
Published: December 2021

A gestão de Resíduos Orgânicos faz parte do desafio imposto pelas alterações climáticas por liberarem metano e gás carbônico na atmosfera como resultado de seu processo de decomposição, contribuindo com 4% da poluição por Gases de Efeito Estufa. Este estudo tem por objetivo analisar experiências de reaproveitamento de resíduos orgânicos desenvolvidas no Brasil e relatadas em artigos científicos publicados no período de 2010 a 2021, com especial ênfase para o reaproveitamento de produtos da decomposição (i.e. chorume) na adubação de árvores urbanas. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa para qual foram consultadas as plataformas Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO) e Google Acadêmico, buscando artigos nacionais, através dos descritores: Iniciativas reaproveitamento de resíduos orgânicos, Resíduos orgânicos urbanos, Resíduos orgânicos experiência de compostagem, Compostagem de resíduos orgânicos e Reaproveitamento de Resíduos Orgânicos. Foram encontrados 36 artigos dos quais, após análise do conteúdo, foram selecionados 6 estudos cujo conteúdo atendeu aos interesses da pesquisa. Concluiu-se que as ações que vêm se desenvolvendo para o reaproveitamento de Resíduos Orgânicos partem de pequenas iniciativas, regionalizadas, com resultados positivos e desenvolvidas por uma parcela da população que optou por agir de maneira sustentável diante do descaso das entidades públicas frente aos problemas sanitários e ambientais relacionados à gestão de resíduos Orgânicos.
Evaluation of temporal processing skills in individuals with normal hearing
Authors: YERAL Cem , ÇANKAYA Elisa Nur , KAPLAN Gülten , YATMAZ Caner , ŞERBETÇİOĞLU M. Bülent
Published: December 2021

Objective: In a cumulative perspective, the aim of this study is to perform Frequency Pattern Test (FPT), Duration Pattern Test (DPT) and Gap In Noise (GIN) Test in order to determine descriptive values of these tests to evaluate central auditory processing on the individuals’ with normal hearing. Material and Methods: A total of 52 participants, as of 28 women and 24 men, with normal hearing, within the age range of 20 to 55 were included in the study. Otoscopic examination, pure tone audiometry and FPT, DPT GIN Test which are central auditory processing tests, were performed on the participants who meet the criteria of the study and voluntarily agreed to participate in the study. Results: Descriptive values were obtained as an average of 78% in FPT, 92.11% in DPT, an average of 61.22% in GIN Test and an average of 6.34 ms in Gap Detection Threshold Conclusions: It is thought that the obtained descriptive values will contribute to the clinics and the literature. Keywords: Auditory temporal tests, central auditory processing, duration pattern test, frequency pattern test, gap in noise test
Investigation of the Efficacy of the Use of Cyanoacrylate in the Treatment of Venous Insufficiency: Single Center Short and Mid-Term Retrospective Results
Authors: DONBALOĞLU Mehmet Okan
Published: December 2021

Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of cyanoacrylate embolization and to analyze the short- to mid-term results of cyanoacrylate embolization procedures to treat great saphenous vein insufficiency.

Materials and Methods: 582 patients treated with cyanoacrylate embolization due to severe incompetence of the great saphenous vein were included in the study and analyzed retrospectively. Patients were evaluated clinically on the first month, sixth month, first year and second year after the operation. The treated limbs were evaluated and recorded separately.

Results: In the postoperative period, reflux was assessed at the level of 0.5 sec in 2 (0.3%) patients in the 12th month, and 1 sec in 2 (0.3%) patients in the 24th month. The patients stated that minor complications such as pain, burning, fatigue, itching 98.8% healing in the 12th month. Deep vein thrombosis, which is a major complication, was seen in 1(0.2%) patient at the 12th month. Preoperatively documented mean venous clinical severity score from 8.86±1.59 to 0.88±0.61 (p
Stabil anjina pektoris ile başvuran hastalarda koroner yavaş akımın klinik ve laboratuvar belirleyicileri
Authors: USALP Songul , ALTUNTAŞ Emine , BAĞIRTAN Bayram , YÜCEL Enver , BAYRAKTAR Ali
Published: December 2021

Giriş ve Amaç: Koroner yatağın gecikmiş kontrast boyanmasıyla tanımlanan koroner yavaş akımın fenomeninin (KYA) patogenezinde endotelyal disfonksiyon olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmamızda, stabil anjina pektoris ile başvuran ve yapılan koroner anjiografi sonrası KYA saptanan hastaların genel klinik özelliklerini ve risk faktörlerini bulmayı hedefledik.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya koroner anjiografi yapılarak KYA tespit edilen 121 hasta ve koroner damarlarında normal akım saptanan 164 hasta olmak üzere, toplam 285 hasta alındı. Bütün hastaların demografik ve klinik özellikleri geriye dönük olarak tarandı ve bu iki grup klinik özellikleri bakımından karşılaştırıldı.

Bulgular: KYA olanların çoğu sigara içen, hipertrigliseridemisi olan ve çoğunlukla erkek cinsiyette olan hastalardı. Biyokimyasal parametreler, elektrokardiyografik ve ekokardiyografik özellikler açısından her iki grup arasında anlamlı farklılık izlenmedi. Çok değişkenli regresyon analizlerinde erkek cinsiyet (olasılık oranı [OO]:0.434, %95 güven aralığı : [0.252-0.856], p = 0.014) ve hipertrigliseridemi (OO : 1.001, %95 güven aralığı :[1.001 – 1.007], p = 0.035), KYA için bağımsız birer risk faktörü olarak saptandı.

Sonuç: KYA, sigara içen, trigliserid değerleri yüksek ve erkek hastalarda daha sık idi. Erkek cinsiyet ve trigliserit yüksekliği KYA için bağımsız bir faktörü olarak bulundu. Trigliserid düzeyinin tahmini kesim değerinin > 138.5 mg/dL olması KYA ile ilişkili bulundu.
Estimating CO2 Emission Time Series with Support Vector Machines Regression, Artificial Neural Networks, and Classic Time Series Analysis
Authors: ÇEMREK Fatih , DEMİR Özge
Published: December 2021

Artificial intelligence machine learning has become very popular in recent years. It offers the ability to combine machine learning theory with many analyses such as classification, prediction models, natural language processing. Carbon dioxide emission is defined as the release of carbon, often caused by human nature, into the atmosphere. In the 19th century, the industrial revolution took place and the use of coal-powered industrial vehicles increased the amount of carbon released into the atmosphere. These gases released into the atmosphere have brought climate problems in proportion to the increase in temperature. Because of climate problems, the sweet water source of the earth’s ice pack continues to melt and the sea level rises. Therefore, the amount of carbon dioxide emission (metric tons per person) Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), Support Vector Machines Regression (SVMR), estimated by Box-Jenkins technique based on time series analysis and estimated estimates compared to MSE (mean square error) between 1990-2018. The comparison found that the Artificial Neural Networks have better predictive results on the SVMR and Box-Jenkins technique on the performance benchmark.
The Impact of Capital Structure on Islamic Banks Performance: Evidence from Pakistan
Authors: ATTA ULLAH  , MUHAMMAD ILYAS  , IHTESHAM KHAN  , MUHAMMAD TAHIR KHAN
Published: December 2021

This study investigate the impact of capital structure on the Islamic banks performance during 2008-2013. Selected a sample of 5 Islamic banks on the basis of availability of data. From the findings of the study demonstrate that the impact of capital structure and size is positive and significant on Islamic banks performance. However, Assets Growth is negatively and statistically non-significantly associated with banks performance.
Analyzing the Effect of Information Technology System Application Product (SAP) on Public Sector Organization’s Performance: (A Case Study of Accountant General Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Office Peshawar)
Authors: YASIR KHAN  , DR. SAIMA BATOOL  , DR. SHAHID JAN
Published: December 2021

The advance Accounting software and information system are very vital in public sector. The globalization demands the change toward new technology. Computerized Accounting software like SAP really works in minimizing the work burden and brings efficiency in working profile. History shows that those organizations which focused on their technological improvement proved to be successful organizations on the planet. The study has focused on Public sector organization where most of the work was done manually rather than using the advanced computer infrastructure and information system.  The study surveyed 150 employees of the Accountant General Office Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Peshawar of both junior and senior level. The study used stratified random sampling technique creating strata’s for both junior and senior level employees. The selfadministered15 items questionnaire was used tested for validity and reliability. The results found that both type of employees have been benefited from the application and use of computer and information system.
Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment in Pakistan: A Comparative Analysis in Democratic and Non-Democratic Eras
Authors: YASIR KHAN  , ALAM REHMAN  , FARMAN ULLAH KHAN
Published: December 2021

The chief objective of this research is to investigate empirically the determinants which affect Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflow in Democratic and non-Democratic eras of Pakistan by using yearly data from 1980 -2014. In this research, six independent variables have been taken along with Dummy which are Gross Domestic Product, Interest Rate, Trade Openness, Inflation Rate, Exchange rate, Dummy variable and one dependant variable which is Foreign Direct Investment. For econometric analysis, annual time series data were collected from the Pakistan Bureau of Statistics, UNCTAD, World Development Indicator (various issues), International Financial Statistics, Global Economy and Economic Survey of Pakistan. This thesis applied advanced econometric methodology which comprises unit root testing and Johansen co-integration analysis. The Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) was employed to identify both the long-run and short run relationship between FDI and its determinants. The dummy variable captured the difference as there is a significant difference between the determinants of Foreign direct investment in Democratic and Non-Democratic eras of Pakistan.
The Impact of Workplace Bullying and Harassment on Employee Turnover in Banking Industry of Pakistan
Authors: RABIA INAM KHAN  , MUHAMMAD NISAR KHAN  , IHTESHAM KHAN
Published: December 2021

This study has been executed with intent to find out the impact of workplace bullying and harassment on employees’ turnover among the bankers. Qualitative data was gathered through in-depth interviews from 50 bankers. Non- probability sampling technique was adopted. In this research study, the researcher has used the principle of purposive sampling. The results depict that bankers are being bullied but they do not want to leave their organizations due to bullying. There are many other factors that make them think to leave organization such as extreme stress, work burden and better opportunities for work. The results also revealed that employees who are being harassed do not disclose such incidents. This paper contains a message for the senior management of organizations to review their bullying and harassment policies. Moreover, this study suggests that there can be other factors that can be the reason for employee turnover.
The Impact of Organizational Justice on Employee Performance: A Case Study of Cantonment Board Employee Peshawar Pakistan
Authors: YASIR KHAN  , MUHAMMAD AMJAD  , AYESHA IRAJ  , OBAID ULLAH BASHIR
Published: December 2021

This article examined the impact of Organization Justice on employees’ performance in cantonment board Peshawar. The study was conducted using 150 employees as a sample and applied stratified random sampling technique. Statistical techniques i.e reliability analysis, Factor analysis, correlation and Regression applied. The results were obtained using correlation regression to know the direction, association and impact of variables and the effects organization justice on employee’s performance. The results found that Organization Justice affects the employee’s performance positively Therefore it is suggested that CBP should exercise such justice in the organization which will inculcate more confidence in the employees. All the hypotheses developed for this study has been proved through the analysis of this research study
EARNINGS VOLATILITY AND CAPITAL STRUCTURE: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE OF NON-FINANCIAL FIRMS OF PAKISTAN
Authors: MUHAMMAD ILYAS  , DR. MUHAMMAD JEHANGIR  , DR. ADNAN AHMAD
Published: December 2021

In this research investigated capital structure and earning volatility. For this purpose, selected a sample of 267 firms listed on Karachi Stock exchange1 during 2006-2014.Data are panel in nature, therefore used panel data techniques for analysis. Moreover, selected the fixed effect model on the basis of diagnostic tests result. Finally, the results demonstrate that earnings volatility negatively and significantly affect the capital structure of sample firms. Thus, concluded that high volatility reduces the confidence level of creditors.