bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Mathematical Model of HMST Model on Malware Static Analysis
Authors: Abimannan Satheesh , Kumaravelu R.
Published: April 2019

Malware is a malicious software that can contaminate communication devices, where information can be lost, encrypting or deleting the sensitive data, altering or hijacking core computing activities and monitoring a user's computer activity without proper authorization. Analyzing the behavior of any new type of malware, that threatens the security of information is the challenging task. Previous studies and research has used static and dynamic based analysis. Althrough there are various methods to analysis the behaviour of the malware, the innovation of new technology lead to undesirable growth of malware. A procedure to analyze the characteristics and its nature is the need of the day. To mitigate this issue, malware specific procedures need to be evolved by analysing its behaviour. In this article, the authors present a heuristic-based malware static analysis testing (HMST) through a six step process including hash verification, PE structure analysis, packer signature analysis, entropy analysis, antivirus check and string analysis. Heuristic-based malware static analysis (MSA) depends on the six characterstics. The six characteristics sequence is quantified mathematially. Hash verification is presented as a dynamic function, PE structure analysis (PESA) as the functional string, Packer Signature (PS) by functional boundedness, Entropy Analysis (EA) with probability, antivirus check (AC) of the discrete lagorthm-bit representation and string analysis (SA) lies with the comutational complexity. Hence, an optimized string is proposed for transmitting securely. CFF Explorer, BinText, PeID, DIE and VirusTotal are used for analyzing the behavior of the samples in this study.
ACT/FHS System Identification Including Rotor and Engine Dynamics
Authors: Seher-Weiß Susanne
Published: April 2019

At the German Aerospace Center (DLR) Institute of Flight Systems, models of the Active Control Technology/Flying Helicopter Simulator (ACT/FHS), an EC135 with a fly-by-wire/light flight control system, are needed for control law development and simulation. Thus, models are sought that
cover the whole flight envelope and are valid over a broad range of frequencies. Furthermore, if the models are to be used in the feedforward loop of the model following the control system, they have to be invertible and thus should not have any positive transmission zeros. For rotor flapping,
the explicit formulation with flapping angles was modified slightly to avoid positive transmission zeros. For the regressive lead–lag, a simple model formulation was found that needs only one dipole with two states. The engine dynamics were first modeled separately and then coupled to
the body/rotor model. The final integrated model has 17 states and yields a good match for frequencies up to 30 rad/s. All system identification was performed using the maximum likelihood method in the frequency domain.
Complexidade organizacional e liderança feminina nas empresas de auditoria externa
Authors: Cordeiro Fernanda Alves , Pereira Fernando Rocha , Durso Samuel De Oliveira , Cunha Jacqueline Veneroso Alves da
Published: April 2019

O presente estudo teve como objetivo identificar as diferenças em termos de complexidade organizacional das empresas auditadas por homens, quando comparadas com aquelas auditadas por, pelo menos, uma mulher. A plataforma teórica da pesquisa fundamentou-se nos fenômenos do glass ceiling e do pink collar work. A base de dados contou com 447 empresas listadas na BM&FBovespa. Para análise dos dados, foram estimadas regressões logísticas simples. Os resultados da pesquisa indicam que quanto mais complexa é a organização menor é a probabilidade de ela apresentar uma mulher como técnica responsável pelos serviços de auditoria. Além disso, identificou-se que das 447 empresas analisadas apenas 64 apresentaram, pelo menos, uma mulher como auditora externa responsável pelos serviços de auditoria no exercício de 2015. Esse número cai para 38, quando se considera as empresas cujo trabalho de auditoria externa é chefiado exclusivamente por mulheres.
Governança pública e accountability: Uma análise bibliométrica das publicações científicas nacionais e internacionais
Authors: Severo Peixe Blênio Cezar , Rosa Filho Celso Da , Passos Gabriela De Abreu
Published: April 2019

O objetivo deste estudo é investigar os artigos publicados sobre Governança Pública e Accountability no Setor Público, em periódicos nacionais e internacionais na área de Finanças Públicas no período de 2005 a 2015. Para tanto, essa pesquisa é classificada como descritiva, exploratória, de análise bibliométrica qualitativa-quantitativa. Os resultados obtidos revelam que a pesquisa sobre o referido tema é escassa, pois de um total de 355 artigos relacionados a questão de pesquisa apenas 86 deles tratavam da temática, sendo desses 12 nacionais e 74 internacionais. Encontrando-se o maior volume de publicações nos anos de 2010, 2012 e 2013 com 13, 13 e 11 publicações respectivamente. Os achados desta pesquisa buscam contribuir com a área de Finanças Públicas, ao permitir a visualização do cenário existente sobre os temas pesquisados. No entanto, sugere-se novas pesquisa como forma de comparação de panoramas em outros espaços temporais, dado as limitações desta pesquisa.
Quantifying the UK's carbon dioxide flux: an atmospheric inverse modelling approach using a regional measurement network
Authors: White Emily D. , Rigby Matthew , Lunt Mark F. , Smallman T. Luke , Comyn-Platt Edward , Manning Alistair J. , Ganesan Anita L. , O'Doherty Simon , Stavert Ann R. , Stanley Kieran , Williams Mathew , Levy Peter , Ramonet Michel , Forster Grant L. , Manning Andrew C. , Palmer Paul I.
Published: April 2019

Abstract. We present a method to derive atmospheric-observation-based estimates of carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes
at the national scale, demonstrated using data from a network of surface
tall-tower sites across the UK and Ireland over the period 2013–2014. The
inversion is carried out using simulations from a Lagrangian chemical
transport model and an innovative hierarchical Bayesian Markov chain Monte
Carlo (MCMC) framework, which addresses some of the traditional problems
faced by inverse modelling studies, such as subjectivity in the
specification of model and prior uncertainties. Biospheric fluxes related to
gross primary productivity and terrestrial ecosystem respiration are solved
separately in the inversion and then combined a posteriori to determine net
ecosystem exchange of CO2. Two different models, Data
Assimilation Linked Ecosystem Carbon (DALEC) and Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES),
provide prior estimates for these fluxes. We carry out separate inversions
to assess the impact of these different priors on the posterior flux
estimates and evaluate the differences between the prior and posterior
estimates in terms of missing model components. The Numerical Atmospheric
dispersion Modelling Environment (NAME) is used to relate fluxes to the
measurements taken across the regional network. Posterior CO2 estimates
from the two inversions agree within estimated uncertainties, despite large
differences in the prior fluxes from the different models. With our method,
averaging results from 2013 and 2014, we find a total annual net biospheric
flux for the UK of 8±79 Tg CO2 yr−1 (DALEC prior) and
64±85 Tg CO2 yr−1 (JULES prior), where negative values represent an
uptake of CO2. These biospheric CO2 estimates show that annual UK
biospheric sources and sinks are roughly in balance. These annual mean
estimates consistently indicate a greater net release of CO2 than the
prior estimates, which show much more pronounced uptake in summer months.
Spatial and temporal variability of turbulence dissipation rate in complex terrain
Authors: Bodini Nicola , Lundquist Julie K. , Krishnamurthy Raghavendra , Pekour Mikhail , Berg Larry K. , Choukulkar Aditya
Published: April 2019

Abstract. To improve parameterizations of the turbulence dissipation rate (ϵ)
in numerical weather prediction models, the temporal and spatial variability
of ϵ must be assessed. In this study, we explore influences on the
variability of ϵ at various scales in the Columbia River Gorge
during the WFIP2 field experiment between 2015 and 2017. We calculate
ϵ from five sonic anemometers all deployed in a ∼4 km2
area as well as
from two scanning Doppler lidars and four profiling
Doppler lidars, whose locations span a ∼300 km wide region.
We retrieve ϵ from the sonic anemometers using the second-order
structure function method, from the scanning lidars with the azimuth
structure function approach, and from the profiling lidars with a novel
technique using the variance of the line-of-sight velocity. The turbulence
dissipation rate shows large spatial variability, even at the microscale,
especially during nighttime stable conditions. Orographic features have a
strong impact on the variability of ϵ, with the correlation between
ϵ at different stations being highly influenced by terrain.
ϵ shows larger values in sites located downwind of complex
orographic structures or in wind farm wakes. A clear diurnal cycle in
ϵ is found, with daytime convective conditions determining values
over an order of magnitude higher than nighttime stable conditions.
ϵ also shows a distinct seasonal cycle, with differences greater
than an order of magnitude between average ϵ values in summer and
winter.
Nutrient cycling in supraglacial environments of the Dark Zone of the Greenland Ice Sheet
Authors: Holland Alexandra T. , Williamson Christopher J. , Sgouridis Fotis , Tedstone Andrew J. , McCutcheon Jenine , Cook Joseph M. , Poniecka Ewa , Yallop Marian L. , Tranter Martyn , Anesio Alexandre M. ,   The Black & Bloom Group
Published: April 2019

Abstract. Glaciers and ice sheets host abundant and dynamic communities of microorganisms on the ice surface (supraglacial environments). Recently, it has been shown that Streptophyte ice algae blooming on the surface ice of the south-west coast of the Greenland Ice Sheet are a significant contributor to the 15-year marked decrease in albedo. Currently little is known about the constraints, such as the nutrient cycling, on this large-scale algal bloom. In this study, we present a preliminary data set that investigates the conversion of dissolved inorganic nutrients to the dissolved organic phase occurring in these darkening surface ice environments. Our results show a clear dominance of the organic phase, with 93 % of the total dissolved nitrogen and 67 % of the total dissolved phosphorus in the organic phase. Correlations between algal abundance and dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen, indicate ice algae are driving the dissolved nutrient phase shift occurring in these supraglacial environments. Dissolved organic nutrient ratios in these supraglacial environments are notably higher than the Redfield Ratio (DON : DOP = 49, 78, 116) and DOC : DOP = 797, 1166, 2013), suggesting these environments may be phosphorus limited.
Midwinter melts in the Canadian prairies: energy balance and hydrological effects
Authors: Pavlovskii Igor , Hayashi Masaki , Itenfisu Daniel
Published: April 2019

Abstract. Snowpack accumulation and depletion are important elements of the
hydrological cycle in the Canadian prairies. The surface runoff generated
during snowmelt is transformed into streamflow or fills numerous depressions
driving the focussed recharge of groundwater in this dry setting. The
snowpack in the prairies can undergo several cycles of accumulation and
depletion in a winter. The timing of the melt affects the mechanisms of
snowpack depletion and their hydrological implications. The effects of
midwinter melts were investigated at four instrumented sites in the Canadian
prairies. Unlike net radiation-driven snowmelt during spring melt, turbulent
sensible heat fluxes were the dominant source of energy inputs for midwinter
melt occurring in the period with low solar radiation inputs. Midwinter melt
events affect several aspects of hydrological cycle with lower runoff ratios
than subsequent spring melt events, due to
their role in the timing of
the focussed recharge. Remote sensing data have shown that midwinter melt
events regularly occur under the present climate throughout the Canadian
prairies, indicating applicability of the study findings throughout the
region.
Quasi-static axial crushing of hexagonal origami crash boxes as energy absorption devices
Authors: Ma Jiayao , Dai Huaping , Shi Mengyan , Yuan Lin , Chen Yan , You Zhong
Published: April 2019

Abstract. Thin-walled tubes are widely used as energy absorption
devices for their low cost and high manufacturability. Introduction of the
origami technique enables the tube to follow a pre-determined failure mode
and to improve its energy absorption efficiency. This paper examines the
energy absorption characteristics of the origami crash box under
quasi-static axial crushing. Both experimental and numerical results show
that the origami pattern develops a diamond-shaped mode, bringing a
reduction in initial peak force and a significant increase in energy
absorption compared to the conventional hexagonal tube. The sensitivity of
its energy absorption performance to various parameters is studied, and it
is shown to achieve 68.29 % increase in the specific energy absorption and
13.91 % reduction in the initial peak force in the optimal case.
Furthermore, an analytical solution is presented for the energy absorption,
which achieves reasonable agreement with the numerical results.
Effects of finite source rupture on landslide triggering: the 2016 Mw 7.1 Kumamoto earthquake
Authors: von Specht Sebastian , Ozturk Ugur , Veh Georg , Cotton Fabrice , Korup Oliver
Published: April 2019

Abstract. The propagation of a seismic rupture on a fault introduces spatial variations
in the seismic wave field surrounding the fault. This directivity effect
results in larger shaking amplitudes in the rupture propagation direction.
Its seismic radiation pattern also causes amplitude variations between the
strike-normal and strike-parallel components of horizontal ground motion. We
investigated the landslide response to these effects during the 2016 Kumamoto
earthquake (Mw 7.1) in central Kyushu (Japan). Although the
distribution of some 1500 earthquake-triggered landslides as a function of
rupture distance is consistent with the observed Arias intensity, the
landslides were more concentrated to the northeast of the
southwest–northeast striking rupture. We examined several landslide
susceptibility factors: hillslope inclination, the median amplification
factor (MAF) of ground shaking, lithology, land cover, and topographic
wetness. None of these factors sufficiently explains the landslide
distribution or orientation (aspect), although the landslide head scarps have
an elevated hillslope inclination and MAF. We propose a new physics-based
ground-motion model (GMM) that
accounts for the seismic rupture effects, and we demonstrate that the
low-frequency seismic radiation pattern is consistent with the overall
landslide distribution. Its spatial pattern is influenced by the rupture
directivity effect, whereas landslide aspect is influenced by amplitude
variations between the fault-normal and
fault-parallel motion at frequencies <2 Hz. This azimuth dependence
implies that comparable landslide concentrations can occur at different
distances from the rupture. This quantitative link between the prevalent
landslide aspect and the low-frequency seismic radiation pattern can improve
coseismic landslide hazard assessment.
Examining the Role of Non-Formal Education as a Conduit to Poverty Reduction and Rural Development: The Case of a Rural Community in a Municipality in Ghana
Authors: Intsiful Emmanuel , Martins Albert
Published: April 2019

Non-formal education (NFE) programmes involve literacy and numerical programmes that aim at training people to read and write. Gaining such basic literacy skills enables a person to use the reading, writing and calculation to develop the self and the community as a whole. In the Ghanaian context, the Ministry of Education in the year 2000 established the National Functional Literacy Programme with the chief aim of making accessible literacy and life skills to the rural poor and the illiterate. The aim of this paper was to examine the extent to which non-formal education contributes to literacy improvement, poverty reduction and rural development in a rural community within a municipality in Ghana. The researchers employed Amartya Sen’s capabilities approach to economic and human development and Paulo Freire’s concept of education for conscientization.The findings of the study show that the non-formal education programme plays a very critical role in the reduction of illiteracy coupled with improving the living standard of the rural adult learners, once the programme is well organized and implemented. Thus, the activities of NFE have the potential to make the illiterate poor become functionally literate which is a necessary condition for poverty reduction. Providing skill training is one of the major ways of improving the livelihood of poor people. Based on the impact of NFE activities on those who had graduated from the programme has the potential of reducing illiteracy and improving the standard of living of the people. The impact has been felt in areas like literacy and numeracy, economic, social and political empowerment of learners in the community studied. However, the programme needs to be strengthened to address the issue of funding which has become a major challenge for the NFE. Facilitators and supervisors need enough motivation to commit them fully to the task and learners need support to start their own business to bring about meaningful poverty reduction.
Internal Control Weakness: A Literature Review
Authors: Lu Yu , Ma Diandian
Published: April 2019

The purpose of this essay is to review empirical literature on internal control weakness over the past seven years. I use an analysis framework consisting of determinants (corporate governance and other affecting factors) and economic consequences (accounting information quality, market reaction, cost of equity, debt contracting) of weakness disclosure and its remediation. Basic findings of prior studies agree that corporate governance and firm characteristics influence the presence of control problems and their remediation. In turn, the effectiveness of internal control impacts the quality of financing reporting, auditor reaction (auditing fees and audit delays), insider trading and leads to capital market consequences (the weakness disclosures affect debt contracting). More internal control studies combine with capital market and provide evidence that SOX are not always effective. Overall, these findings contribute to profession by suggesting that the disclosures of internal control deficiencies generally convey incremental information on the quality of financial reporting to investors. This review integrates and assesses current internal control weakness research and offers some suggestions for future study.
Financial Statement Comparability and New Debt Issues
Authors: Crabtree Aaron , Ouyang Bo , Wan Huishan
Published: April 2019

Using a large sample of firms issuing new debts, this paper investigates how a firm’s financial statements comparability affects its cost of new debt issues.  We predict and find that higher comparability is associated with (1) higher bond ratings and (2) lower bond yield spreads when companies issue new debts.  Our results are consistent with the view that bond rating analysts and bond investor favor greater comparability when they evaluate new bonds and make investment decisions.
Die verbindliche Auskunft im allgemeinen Verwaltungsrecht
Authors: Otto Patrick Christian
Published: April 2019

This thesis deals with the question of whether the VwVfG (the law governing administrative proceedings in Germany) requires a binding assessment on the legal preliminary clarification of future situations in addition to the assurance that has been codified for decades in § 38 of the VwVfG.
The study draws its first significant conclusions from a comparative presentation and analysis of the binding assessment regulated in tax law pursuant to § 89 (2) of the AO (the basis of German tax law) and a preliminary building permit pursuant to § 73 (1) sentence 1 of the NBauO (building law in Lower Saxony). This comparison shows that a preliminary building permit is an extremely effective instrument for the obligatory preliminary clarification of future situations that has proven its value in construction law. On the basis of these conclusions, the study questions to what extent it is possible to grant a binding assessment in general administrative law in the form of a preliminary ruling or even a right to obtain positive or negative information. The combined conclusions drawn in this thesis lead to a legislative proposal for binding assessments in a new § 25a of the VwVfG.
Die Öffentlichkeitsarbeit des Staates und die Akzeptanz seiner Entscheidungen
Authors: Drefs Felix
Published: April 2019

Just as in the private sector, the public communication activities of state institutions have gained increased weight and significance in our media society. In contrast to the public relations of private institutions, however, the communications of public authorities are subject to severe constitutional restrictions. Promotional activities by state institutions can pose a serious threat to the free process of forming a political opinion in a democratic society.
At the same time, public authorities are facing increased demands for transparency and increasing difficulties in gaining acceptance for their decisions, which has been underlined in particular by recent protest movements. Against this background, this thesis, which was supervised at the University of Frankfurt, analyses the informal communications of state institutions and public acceptance of their decisions from a constitutional point of view. It identifies the legal scope within which public institutions are justified in promoting their decisions by means of public communication activities.
Understanding Realism in Contemporary International Relations
Authors: Więcławski Jacek
Published: April 2019

This book outlines the evolution of the realist paradigm in the study of international relations. It identifies the challenges that realism has faced together with the fall of the bipolar order and the ‘way ahead’ for realism in international reality since the end of the Cold War. The book indicates different realist responses to contemporary international relations. It reveals a competition between systemic-oriented theories and approaches that accept a variety of unit-level variables. Thus, realism faces a clear dilemma about how deeply to reach into the domestic nuances of foreign policymaking and how much of the previous structural and systemic perspective to retain. Realism’s response to this challenge is neither easy nor obvious and has contributed to further tensions inside the realist camp. Dr. Jacek Więcławski studies theories of international relations. He is an assistant professor at the Institute of Political Science at the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland.
Corporate Governance der börsennotierten KGaA
Authors: Vollertsen Malte
Published: April 2019

There is a major debate on the reform of Germany’s corporate governance code. However, it fails to address how a KGaA, a partnership limited by shares, should declare that it adheres to the code, which is solely designed for an AG (a stock corporation).
The author addresses this issue and provides guidance for a KGaA’s management on how to declare its conduct in accordance with the code. To start with, he proves that a KGaA’s declaration under section 161 of the German Stock Corporation Act only has to refer to those recommendations of the code which are applicable to a KGaA. Subsequently, the author examines each of the code’s recommendations with regard to their suitability for a KGaA’s different legal structure, focusing on what a KGaA has in common with a corporation. His analysis is complemented with an investigation of KGaAs’ practice so far in this respect and a reform proposal.
The author advises companies and their management bodies on all aspects of M & A, corporate governance and general corporate law.
New Ptiliidae (Coleoptera) from Sarawak in the spirit collection of the Natural History Museum, London
Authors: Darby Michael
Published: April 2019

This paper is based on three collections of Ptiliidae from Sarawak totalling more than 2000 specimens made by staff and affiliates of the Natural History Museum, London, between March–July 1978. One new genus Niptella gen. nov with its type species Niptella gutta gen. et sp. nov. and 24 new species are described and figured: Sindosium collinsi sp. nov., Bambara hammondi sp. nov., Bambara subtortuosa sp. nov., Bambara tortuosa sp. nov., Erro brookei sp. nov., Cissidium globulum sp. nov., Cissidium longum sp. nov., Cissidium marshallae sp. nov., Cissidium pauxillum sp. nov., Cissidium subfoveolatum sp. nov., Cissidium triangulum sp. nov., Discheramocephalus nigritus sp. nov., Kuschelidium sarawakense sp. nov., Ptinella alisonae sp. nov., Acrotrichis acuta sp. nov., Acrotrichis belli sp. nov., Acrotrichis bidens sp. nov., Acrotrichis geiseri sp. nov., Acrotrichis globosa sp. nov., Acrotrichis hanskii sp. nov., Acrotrichis muluensis sp. nov., Acrotrichis plaga sp. nov., Storicricha resticula sp. nov., Storicricha umbella sp. nov. New records and information are provided for Dipentium latum Darby, 2019; Ptiliola semitaria Darby, 2018; Baeocrara minima Darby, 2019; Acrotrichis agricola Darby, 2019; Acrotrichis britteni Johnson, 1969; Acrotrichis bubalis Darby, 2019; Acrotrichis cognata (Matthews, 1877) and Acrotrichis cursitans (Nietner, 1856).
Diderot’s Criticism of Colonialism: Plea for Equality and Reciprocity among Peoples
Authors: Aramayo Roberto R.
Published: April 2019

To whom do you pretend to make believe that a man can be the property of a sovereign, that a child can be the property of his father, that a woman can be the property of her husband, that a servant can be the property of his master, that a negro can be the property of the colonist? (Diderot, History of the Two Indies. OC III, 740).
This paper addresses the issue how Diderot displays a free analysis thanks to anonymity in the History of Two Indies. I claim that the author criticizes without any roundabout style colonialism and slavery, focusing first on the fragments of this work attributed to Diderot. Second, I tackle the fact that Diderot argues in this work for the right to hospitality and breaks down the consequences stemming from trade under an inspiring view for contemporary analyses. I also attempt to cast light on Diderot’s view of other peoples and cultures traditionally considered ‘wild’, drawing a conclusion that they are useful to identify the boundaries of European bourgeois moral codes, usually considered ‘civilizised’. In this vein I also address in the paper the Addendum to the Journey of Bougainville, a key writing for appraising issues as anticolonialism and cosmopolitanism in Diderot’s thought.
El fair play, la victoria y la cuestión de género en el fútbol en el ámbito de la educación primaria
Authors: Cabañero García M. , Velázquez Buendía R.
Published: April 2019

El fútbol es un fenómeno social, cultural, mediático y económico. Existen numerosas investigaciones sobre su influencia en quiénes lo practican. No obstante, el objetivo de esta investigación fue explorar su influencia sobre valores sociales relacionados con el fair play, la igualdad de género y la relación medios-fines, en alumnado de primaria, por ser aspectos que pueden reflejarse en algunas problemáticas sociales. La población objeto de estudio fue alumnado de sexto curso. Es un estudio descriptivo correlacional transversal. Las fuentes de obtención de información utilizadas fueron, un cuestionario y un grupo de discusión. Los resultados indicaron que el sexo y la práctica de fútbol federado influyen en el fair play, afán por la victoria e igualdad de género, siendo los chicos y el alumnado practicante de fútbol más proclive a conductas anti fair play, más resultadistas y con una visión más negativa hacia la figura de la mujer en el fútbol.
Correlación en triatlón masculino entre fases y resultado inal en los JJOO de Pekin 2008
Authors: Fernández-Revelles A. B. , Ubago-Jiménez J. L. , Padial-Ruz R. , Castro-Sánchez M. , Viciana-Garófano V. , Puertas-Molero P.
Published: April 2019

Introducción: El triatlón es un deporte que se compone de la combinación de tres fases de competición. La modalidad de triatlón más extendida es la olímpica, y es utilizada en los Juegos Olímpicos (JJOO), se compone de nado 1,5 km, bicicleta 40 km y carrera 10 km. Objetivos: Determinar la influencia de la duración y orden de las fases con el resultado final de la prueba en el triatlón masculino en los JJOO Pekín 2008. Método: Se analizaron los datos de 50 deportistas que finalizaron. Resultados y conclusiones: El resultado final no viene determinado ni por el orden de las fases, ni por la duración de estas, la fase menos influyente ha sido Bike con rs= 0,039; p =0,351; siendo la que más tiempo ha ocupado con un 52,55%; la fase más influyente ha sido la fase Run con rs=0,991; y p=0,000; y R2=0,982 y con duración 30,21%.
Inluencia de distintos materiales didácticos acuáticos sobre la competencia percibida en el medio acuático por alumnos de segundo ciclo de educación infantil
Authors: Quintanilla Bautista E. , Simón Piqueras J. A. , León González M. P. , Contreras Jordán O.
Published: April 2019

El presente trabajo pretendió comprobar qué material didáctico resultaba más eficaz para el desarrollo de la competencia percibida en el medio acuático en niños de 4 años. A tal fin, se aplicó la Escala Pictórica de Competencia Acuática Percibida (Moreno & Ruiz, 2008), antes y después de un programa de iniciación al medio acuático. En él, se utilizaron como variables independientes tres materiales didácticos de distintas características (Manguitos, Cinturón de flotación y Kiflot),y se contó con una muestra de 18 niños durante siete sesiones. Los resultados mostraron que el material que permite mayor libertad de movimientos y provoca una flotación más homogénea (Kiflot) obtiene mejores resultados en competencia percibida. Por consiguiente, se concluye la necesidad de utilizar este tipo de materiales.
Aprendices y expertos en el aprendizaje incidental en baloncesto. Dos procesamientos cognitivos diferentes
Authors: Camacho-Lazarraga P. , Calvo-Lluch Á.
Published: April 2019

El objetivo del estudio es revisar y evaluar sistemáticamente la literatura relacionada con las estrategias de enseñanza incidental en atletas nóveles y expertos en el aprendizaje de habilidades relacionadas con el baloncesto, con objeto de analizar los efectos subyacentes entre dos procesos cognitivos diferentes en el aprendizaje y el rendimiento.  Durante el proceso de búsqueda se consultaron las bases de datos Web of Science, Scopus, SportDiscus y PsycInfo, además de otras fuentes de investigación, siendo finalmente seleccionados 26 estudios. Los resultados indican que, en líneas generales, reducir la cantidad de información que procesan los jugadores produce un efecto positivo en el aprendizaje y el rendimiento. Los atletas con nivel de experiencia bajo en el dominio de una habilidad se benefician de un estilo de enseñanza que favorezca un aprendizaje incidental. Los atletas expertos se basan en un procesamiento más intuitivo que los jugadores nóveles.
Condición física, dieta y ocio digital según práctica de actividad física en estudiantes universitarios de Granada
Authors: Chacón-Cuberos R. , Zurita-Ortega F. , Ubago-Jiménez J. L. , González-Valero G. , Sánchez-Zafra M.
Published: April 2019

El presente estudio pretende analizar la composición corporal, el VO2max, flexibilidad, dieta y uso problemático de videojuegos según el sexo y la práctica de actividad físico-deportiva en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios de la provincia de Granada. El diseño del estudio fue descriptivo y de corte transversal. En él participaron un total de 138 sujetos con una edad media de 22,60 ± 2,79 años y una distribución por sexo del 65,9% (n = 91) para los hombres y del 34,1% (n = 47) eran mujeres. Como principales resultados se observó que los varones poseían un mayor VO2max y masa magra, además de mostrar un uso problemático de videojuegos más elevado. Asimismo, los estudiantes universitarios que practican actividad física más de tres horas semanales poseían una mayor masa magra y VO2max. Del mismo modo, el uso problemático de videojuegos es más elevado en los jóvenes físicamente activos por su perfil tecno-activo.
Hacia un comportamiento más social y cooperativo en educación física: aplicación del modelo de educación deportiva
Authors: Sierra-Díaz M. J. , Evangelio C. , Pérez-Torralba A. , González-Víllora S.
Published: April 2019

Resumen: El propósito de esta investigación es evaluar y comparar la implementación del Modelo de Educación Deportiva (MED), junto con la presencia de estrategias pedagógicas que fomenten conductas prosociales entre los participantes. La muestra constó de dos clases de sexto de Primaria (n = 51; 10,72 ± ,66). En el grupo A se desarrollaron metodologías orientadas a fomentar conductas prosociales. En el grupo B se desarrollaron estrategias centradas en las mejoras individuales. Mediante el ANOVA de un factor, se analizaron los resultados pre-test y post-test del Cuestionario de Conductas Antisociales (Martorell y González, 1992). Los resultados muestran diferencias significativas entre las puntuaciones en ambas clases antes y después de realizar la implementación (p = ,000). Se observa una reducción significativa de actuaciones antisociales en el total del post-test del grupo A (p = ,000). La implementación de modelos-basados en la práctica en Educación Física, entre ellos el MED, se debe complementar con estrategias metodológicas que fomenten conductas prosociales, pues ello favorece positivamente la educación de valores en los escolares.
«It’s still day one». El tránsito del empresario de sí mismo a la start-up existencial
Authors: Nicoli Massimiliano , Paltrinieri Luca
Published: April 2019

En este trabajo consideramos los discursos políticos y económicos actuales proponiendo el fenómeno start-up como el síntoma de un cambio profundo en la gubernamentalidad neoliberal y un nuevo episodio en la larga historia de las prácticas de organización de la fuerza de trabajo, de su gobierno y movilización. Nos basamos en los textos de Michel Foucault y en la literatura neomanagerial actual para analizar las recientes transformaciones de la racionalidad neoliberal. Con este punto de partida, proponemos que el emprendedor neoliberal del yo, el empresario de sí mismo, tal y como lo concibió Foucault, se está transformando, además, en una especie de inversor de sí mismo administrando permanentemente sus activos personales y buscando constantemente la autoevaluación y la autovalorización en la lógica del rendimiento.In this paper we consider the political and economic discourses hyping the «start-up phenomenon» as the symptom of a deep change in neoliberal governmentality and a new episode in the long history of the practices of workforce government and mobilisation. After pointing out the recent transformations of neoliberal rationality of government, we concentrate on the forms of subjectification implied by what could be defined as the start-up subject: the typically neoliberal entrepreneur of the self is thus transforming into a sort of investor of the self permanently managing his personal assets and incessantly searching for self-evaluation and self-valorisation.
La ineptitud del digital academic: precariedad y salud en el mundo universitario
Authors: Coin Francesca
Published: April 2019

Inspirado por el trabajo de Deborah Lupton, Inger Mewburn y Pat Thomson, The Digital Academic: Critical Perspectives on Digital Technologies in Higher Education (2017), este artículo examina el yo digital académico contemporáneo. Más allá de la utilidad que pueden tener en cuanto a la interacción, plataformas digitales como Academia.edu, Linkedin, Google Scholar, etc. transforman al académico o académica en un sujeto digital cuyo rendimiento se controla constantemente hasta convertirlo en prisionero de una creciente dataveillance, una vigilancia a través de los datos. En este contexto, analizamos el impacto de los mencionados procesos de monitorización continua del rendimiento y la productividad sobre las condiciones de vida y trabajo de los profesionales universitarios contemporáneos, en un momento en el que las tensiones, los conflictos y el malestar que habitan la universidad neoliberal parecen volverse cada vez más incapacitantes.Drawing inspiration from the work of Deborah Lupton, Inger Mewburn and Pat Thomson, The Digital Academic: Critical Perspectives on Digital Technologies in Higher Education (2017), this paper looks at the digital self of contemporary academics. Using digital platforms such as Academia.edu, Linkedin, Googlescholar, digital academics can increase their daily interactions and the impact of their research. More than being interaction tools, these tools transform the academics into digital individuals whose performance is constantly monitored until they find themselves prisoner of a growing «dataveillance» (Lupton, Mewburn and Thomson, 2017). In this context, the question concerns not only the impact of digital technologies on the quality of contemporary research, but also the impact of digital surveillance on the living and working conditions of contemporary academics, at a time where the tensions, conflicts and malaise that inhabit the neoliberal university have become ever more manifest.
Preserving Precariousness, Queering Debt
Authors: Lorey Isabell
Published: April 2019

Precarisation means more than insecure jobs, more than the lack of security given by waged employment. By way of insecurity and danger it embraces the whole of existence, the body, modes of subjectivation. It is threat and coercion, even while it opens up new possibilities of living and working. Precarisation means living with the unforeseeable, with contingency. In this article I analyse how the new precarious living and working conditions and the privatisation of protection against precariousness are conditions of both a prospering financial capitalism and its concomitant debt economy. This economy is based on the expansion of productivity that involves less work, in the traditional sense, than subjectivation. A new subjectivity is needed to assume responsibility, to take on debt, and to internalise the risks both as guilt and as debt: a personality that is doubly indebted and responsible for oneself.La precarización significa más que empleos inseguros, más que la falta de seguridad que proporciona el empleo asalariado. A través de la inseguridad y el peligro, la precarización abarca toda la existencia, el cuerpo, los modos de subjetivación. Es una amenaza y una forma de coerción, aunque también abre nuevas posibilidades de vivir y trabajar. Precarización significa vivir con lo imprevisible, bajo la contingencia. En este artículo analizo cómo las nuevas condiciones de vida y de trabajo precarias y la privatización de la protección contra la precariedad son condiciones, tanto de un próspero capitalismo financiero, como de su concomitante economía de la deuda. Esta economía se basa en la expansión de la productividad, la cual implica más bien procesos de subjetivación que lo que hemos entendido por trabajo en el sentido tradicional. Se necesita una nueva subjetividad para asumir responsabilidades, para endeudarse e internalizar los riesgos como culpa y como deuda: una personalidad doblemente endeudada y responsable de sí misma.
Law Enforcement Access to Encrypted Data: Legislative Responses and the Charter
Authors: Penney Steven , Gibbs Dylan
Published: April 2019

In our digital age, encryption represents both a tremendous social benefit and a significant threat to public safety. While it provides the confidence and trust essential for digital communications and transactions, wrongdoers can also use it to shield incriminating evidence from law enforcement, potentially in perpetuity. There are two main legal reforms that have been proposed to address this conundrum: requiring encryption providers to give police “exceptional access” to decrypted data, and empowering police to compel individuals decrypt their own data.

This article evaluates each of these alternatives in the context of policy and constitutional law. We conclude that exceptional access, though very likely constitutional, creates too great a risk of data insecurity to justify its benefits to law enforcement and public safety. Compelled decryption, in contrast, would provide at least a partial solution without unduly compromising data security. And while it would inevitably attract constitutional scrutiny, it could be readily designed to comply with the Charter. By requiring warrants to compel users to decrypt and giving evidentiary immunity to the act of decryption, our proposal would prevent inquisitorial fishing expeditions yet allow the decrypted information itself to be used for investigative and prosecutorial purposes.
Origines et évolution du droit québécois de l’absence : de l’existence incertaine aux présomptions de vie et de mort
Authors: Cloutier Étienne
Published: April 2019

Le présent article passe en revue les premières manifestations de l’institution de l’absence en droit romain et dans l’ancien droit français, pour ensuite retracer les origines — historiques et conceptuelles — du droit québécois de l’absence, et de détailler son évolution, du Code civil du Bas-Canada jusqu’au Code civil du Québec.

Il cherche aussi à mettre en relief l’influence qu’a eue sur l’état actuel du droit québécois le traitement dans les systèmes de droit continental — napoléonien et germanique — de cette question.

De plus, il entend démontrer que c’est non seulement dans l’optique de s’arrimer au développement technologique de l’époque, mais également devant le constat de l’impraticabilité de l’idée, propre au modèle napoléonien, du maintien de l’incertitude quant à la vie ou la mort de l’absent, que le législateur québécois l’a abandonnée au profit de celle, issue du droit germanique, selon laquelle sa vie est présumée jusqu’à ce qu’une preuve contraire soit suffisante.

Il se questionne, ultimement, sur les développements à venir en matière d’absence en droit québécois.
Sistema de trazabilidad de la cadena de suministro agroalimentario para cooperativas de frutas y hortalizas basado en la tecnología Blockchain
Authors: Borrero Juan D
Published: April 2019

Blockchain se ha convertido en una tecnología disruptiva que tiene la capacidad de transformar la industria agroalimentaria, puesto que promete resolver muchos problemas relacionados con la falta de confianza en la trazabilidad y el producto que adquieren los consumidores. Sin embargo, las partes implicadas en la cadena de suministro de productos agroalimentarios son numerosas y están físicamente dispersas, lo que dificulta el manejo de datos e información. Como resultado, el proceso de producción no es transparente y la confianza es difícil de construir.Para ser más exitosas en la economía globalizada actual, las cooperativas deben focalizarse en ofrecer mayor transparencia. Este documento propone un sistema de trazabilidad para una cooperativa agrícola basado en la tecnología blockchain, para resolver la crisis de confianza en la cadena de suministro de los productos agroalimentarios. La aplicación de técnicas de blockchain a la trazabilidad del producto agrario no solo amplía el dominio de la aplicación de la tecnología blockchain, sino que también apoya la generación de confianza entre los diferentes agentes de la cadena. Se exploran las posibles implicaciones del blockchain para los alimentos frescos mediante el desarrollo de una prueba de concepto (PoC) en el ámbito de la trazabilidad agroalimentaria, incorporando, además, la tecnología de los contratos inteligentes. Los hallazgos de la investigación contribuyen a una mejor comprensión de la tecnología blockchain para las diversas partes interesadas en la cadena de alimentos frescos, especialmente para las cooperativas, siendo una oportunidad para la mejora de la reputación y competitividad en una economía altamente globalizada.
Reward prediction error does not explain movement selectivity in DMS-projecting dopamine neurons
Authors: Lee Rachel S , Mattar Marcelo G , Parker Nathan F , Witten Ilana B , Daw Nathaniel D
Published: April 2019

Although midbrain dopamine (DA) neurons have been thought to primarily encode reward prediction error (RPE), recent studies have also found movement-related DAergic signals. For example, we recently reported that DA neurons in mice projecting to dorsomedial striatum are modulated by choices contralateral to the recording side. Here, we introduce, and ultimately reject, a candidate resolution for the puzzling RPE vs movement dichotomy, by showing how seemingly movement-related activity might be explained by an action-specific RPE. By considering both choice and RPE on a trial-by-trial basis, we find that DA signals are modulated by contralateral choice in a manner that is distinct from RPE, implying that choice encoding is better explained by movement direction. This fundamental separation between RPE and movement encoding may help shed light on the diversity of functions and dysfunctions of the DA system.
HIF-1α regulates IL-1β and IL-17 in sarcoidosis
Authors: Talreja Jaya , Talwar Harvinder , Bauerfeld Christian , Grossman Lawrence I , Zhang Kezhong , Tranchida Paul , Samavati Lobelia
Published: April 2019

Sarcoidosis is a complex systemic granulomatous disease of unknown etiology characterized by the presence of activated macrophages and Th1/Th17 effector cells. Data mining of our RNA-Seq analysis of CD14+monocytes showed enrichment for metabolic and hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) pathways in sarcoidosis. Further investigation revealed that sarcoidosis macrophages and monocytes exhibit higher protein levels for HIF-α isoforms, HIF-1β, and their transcriptional co-activator p300 as well as glucose transporter 1 (Glut1). In situ hybridization of sarcoidosis granulomatous lung tissues showed abundance of HIF-1α in the center of granulomas. The abundance of HIF isoforms was mechanistically linked to elevated IL-1β and IL-17 since targeted down regulation of HIF-1α via short interfering RNA or a HIF-1α inhibitor decreased their production. Pharmacological intervention using chloroquine, a lysosomal inhibitor, decreased lysosomal associated protein 2 (LAMP2) and HIF-1α levels and modified cytokine production. These data suggest that increased activity of HIF-α isoforms regulate Th1/Th17 mediated inflammation in sarcoidosis.
Association and diagnostic value of serum SPINK4 in colorectal cancer
Authors: Xie Mingzhi , Li Kezhi , Li Jilin , Lu Dongcheng , Hu Bangli
Published: April 2019

The role of serum serine peptidase inhibitor, Kazal type 4 (SPINK4), in colorectal cancer (CRC) is largely unknown. This study aimed to explore the association and diagnostic value of serum SPINK4 in CRC. A total of 70 preoperative CRC patients, 30 postoperative CRC patients, 30 gastric cancer patients, and 30 healthy controls were enrolled. Using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, we found that the serum SPINK4 level was significantly increased in preoperative CRC compared with postoperative CRC patients, gastric cancer patients, and healthy controls (p < 0.05). The serum SPINK4 level was remarkably elevated in colon cancer compared with rectal cancer and was enhanced in the M1 stage compared with the M0 stage (p < 0.05). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of serum SPINK4 level in the diagnosis of CRC was 0.9186, with a sensitivity and specificity of 0.886 and 0.900, respectively, and a cut-off value of 2.065. There was no significant difference between high and low expression of serum SPINK4 regarding the overall survival time and disease-free survival (p > 0.05). This study demonstrated that the serum SPINK4 level increased in CRC and was associated with the location and distant metastasis of CRC. It had a high diagnostic value in CRC but was not associated with the survival of CRC patients.