bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Characterization of Cold Brew and Hot Brew Coffee Prepared at Various Roasting Degrees
Authors: Pan Liang , Xiao Ying , Jiang Feng , Jiang Tianning , Zhu Jing , Tang Wenxiao , Liu Xiaodan , Zhou Yiming , Yu Ling
Published: April 2023

This investigation is aimed at elucidating the effects of roasting degree and extraction method on coffee beverages prepared with beans from Asia. According to the results with the improvement of the roasting degree, a decrease in titratable acidity, total phenolic compounds, the concentrations of chlorogenic acid and trigonelline, and total antioxidant capacity was observed. Cold coffee beverages showed higher total sugar and trigonelline. The volatile components, such as pyridine, furan-2-yl-methyl acetate, 2-furanemethanol, and 5-methylfurfural, were also affected by roasting degree and extraction methods. Cold brew coffee exhibited higher intensities of enzymatic flavor and sweetness. Furthermore, the principal component analysis revealed a distinct difference in coffee characterization in roasting degree in cold coffee brews than in hot ones. The results indicate that roasting degree affects physicochemical and sensory properties more than extraction temperature. Additionally, there were significant differences in coffee characteristics between cold and hot brew coffee.
Exploration of In Vivo and In Vitro Biological Effects of Sonneratia caseolaris (L.) Fruits Supported by Molecular Docking and ADMET Study
Authors: Kundu Pritam , Debnath Shovan Lal , Ahad Md. Faisal , Devnath Hiron Saraj , Saha Lopa , Karmakar Utpal Kumar , Sadhu Samir Kumar
Published: April 2023

Sonneratia caseolaris (L.) is a common mangrove plant which has significant medicinal value in traditional medicine. Ethanol extract from the fruits of S. caseolaris (SCE) was used in this project to explore its different pharmacological effects considering its traditional usage. In the castor oil‐induced diarrheal method, SCE significantly lengthened the latency of the first defecation period up to 95.8 and 119.4 min as well as lowering stool count by 43.3% and 64.4% at the doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg, respectively. In evaluating the neuropharmacological effect using the open‐field model, a significant central nervous system (CNS) depressant nature was observed after a reduction in the no. of squares crossed by mice at various time intervals. In evaluating the blood coagulation effect, SCE significantly reduced blood clotting time at 5.86, 5.52, and 5.01 min at 25, 50, and 100 mg/ml doses, respectively. In the assessment of the anthelmintic effect, SCE significantly killed Paramphistomum cervi (P. cervi) where the death times of the nematodes were 40.3, 36.8, and 29.9 min at 12.5, 25, and 50 mg/ml doses, respectively. The extract showed a very poor cytotoxic effect in brine shrimp lethality bioassay. In molecular docking analysis, maslinic acid, oleanolic acid, luteolin, luteolin 7‐O‐β‐glucoside, myricetin, ellagic acid, and R‐nyasol showed the best binding affinities with the selected proteins which might be the credible reasons for eliciting pharmacological responses. Among these seven compounds, only luteolin 7‐O‐β‐glucoside had two violations in Lipinski’s rule of five.
Discharge against Medical Advice at a Teaching Hospital in Ghana
Authors: Bayor Surazu , Kojo Korsah Albert
Published: April 2023

Introduction. Discharge against medical advice is a global phenomenon where patients voluntarily terminate their consent to medical care before the medical team declares them fit for discharge. The phenomenon adversely affects the delivery of quality health care. Methods. A retrospective study was conducted at a Ghanaian teaching hospital involving patients who were admitted to the emergency settings within a 2 years period. Data were retrieved from the hospital records and patients discharged against medical advice were identified and studied. Data were cleaned and coded with Excel application and analyzed with SPSS version 23. Results. A total of 8,565 admissions were made into the ward within the period under review with 210 patients been discharged against medical advice. The prevalence rate was 2.5% with high prevalence seen in male and younger populations. Fractures and head injuries were the commonest conditions for which patients requested to be discharged against medical advice, whilst financial constrains and preference for herbal treatment were the major factors for which patients requested to be discharged against medical advice. Conclusion. Discharge against medical advice exists and negatively affects the delivery of quality health care in the Ghanaian health sector. Education especially towards at-risk groups such as the younger populations and patients with fractures as well as effective communication between medical team and patients and their families are some proposed measures to reducing the prevalence and negative impacts associated with discharges against medical advice.
Prognostic Biomarker SLCO4A1 Is Correlated with Tumor Immune Infiltration in Colon Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Chen Xiaolong , Yi Gangfeng , Zhou Yu , Hu Weijun , Xi Lingyun , Han Weilan , Wang Fei
Published: April 2023

Background. Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4A1 (SLCO4A1), a member of solute carrier organic anion family, is a key gene regulating bile metabolism, organic anion transport, and ABC transport. However, the association of SLCO4A1 with prognosis and tumor immune infiltration in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) remains indistinct. Methods. Firstly, we explored the expression level of SLCO4A1 in COAD via GEPIA, Oncomine, and UALCAN databases. Secondly, we used the Kaplan-Meier plotter and PrognoScan databases to investigate the effect of SLCO4A1 on prognosis in COAD patients. In addition, the correlation between SLCO4A1 and tumor immune infiltration was studied by using TIMER and TISIDB databases. Results. Our results showed that SLCO4A1 was overexpressed in COAD tissues. At the same time, our study showed that high expression of SLCO4A1 was associated with poor overall survival, disease-free survival, and disease-specific survival in COAD patients. The expression level of SLCO4A1 was negatively linked to the infiltrating levels of B cells, CD8+ T cells, and dendritic cells in COAD. Moreover, the expression of SLCO4A1 was significantly correlated with numerous immune markers in COAD. Conclusions. These results indicated that SLCO4A1 could be associated with the prognosis of COAD patients and the levels of tumor immune infiltration. Our study suggested that SLCO4A1 could be a valuable biomarker for evaluating prognosis and tumor immune infiltration in COAD patients.
Natural Products as a Potential Source of Promising Therapeutics for COVID‐19 and Viral Diseases
Authors: Bafandeh Soheila , Khodadadi Ehsaneh , Ganbarov Khudaverdi , Asgharzadeh Mohammad , Köse Şükran , Samadi Kafil Hossein
Published: April 2023

Background. A global pandemic has recently been observed due to the new coronavirus disease, caused by SARS‐CoV‐2. Since there are currently no antiviral medicines to combat the highly contagious and lethal COVID‐19 infection, identifying natural sources that can either be viricidal or boost the immune system and aid in the fight against the disease can be an essential therapeutic support. Methods. This review was conducted based on published papers related to the herbal therapy of COVID‐19 by search on databases including PubMed and Scopus with herbal, COVID‐19, SARS‐CoV‐2, and therapy keywords. Results. To combat this condition, people may benefit from the therapeutic properties of medicinal plants, such as increasing their immune system or providing an antiviral impact. As a result, SARS‐CoV‐2 infection death rates can be reduced. Various traditional medicinal plants and their bioactive components, such as COVID‐19, are summarized in this article to assist in gathering and debating techniques for combating microbial diseases in general and boosting our immune system in particular. Conclusion. The immune system benefits from natural products and many of these play a role in activating antibody creation, maturation of immune cells, and stimulation of innate and adaptive immune responses. The lack of particular antivirals for SARS‐CoV‐2 means that apitherapy might be a viable option for reducing the hazards associated with COVID‐19 in the absence of specific antivirals.
Comprehensive Evaluation of the Hydrocarbon Preservation Conditions in the Complex Tectonic Area of the Southwestern Sichuan Basin, China
Authors: Fan Cunhui , Cao Huwei , Li Jing , Xia Maolong , Liu Jing , Liang Jing , Meng Lifeng , Zhu Haihua
Published: April 2023

There are various styles of faults, folds, and unconformity structures in the southwestern Sichuan Basin, which have an important impact on hydrocarbon preservation. Based on the data of regional geological, seismic, formation water characteristics, caprock characteristics, and production, the hydrocarbon preservation conditions of the key horizons (Cambrian, Upper Permian, and Triassic) were analyzed. Southwestern Sichuan Basin margin structure has two obvious tectonic layers (the upper and lower). The upper tectonic layer is dominated by Middle Triassic detachment faults and derived thrust faults, while the lower tectonic layer has concealed structures composed of basement detachment faults and derived thrust faults. There are mainly NE, near-SN, NW, and near-EW faults. The outcrops are in the Middle-Cenozoic strata, changing from old to new from outside the Basin to inside the Basin. There are three main sets of high-quality caprocks, i.e., the mudstone of the bottom of the Xujiahe Formation, the gypsum-salt rocks of the Middle-Lower Triassic, and the Lower Cambrian mudstone. Based on the faults, outcrops, formation water type, mineralization, and caprock characteristics, the hydrocarbon preservation evaluation system was established, which divides into the areas of Class I, II, and III. The distribution range of the favorable areas of different horizons has good inheritance, and the hydrocarbon preservation conditions gradually improve from outside the basin to inside the basin. Class I favorable areas are the most widely distributed and are mainly located within the basin, with the characteristics of a low degree of fault development, relatively new outcropping strata, CaCl2 formation water type, and large caprock thickness.
Pathological Correlation of a Cardiac Mass with Multimodality Imaging
Authors: Sohal Sumit , Tanko Farida A. , Vucic Esad , Waxman Sergio , Gupta Suresh , Fyfe-Kirschner Billie
Published: April 2023

Cardiac masses are rarely encountered in clinical practice and can lead to severe hemodynamic consequences. In addition to clinical cues, noninvasive modalities can play an important role in characterization of these masses and therefore their diagnosis and management planning. Here in this case report, we describe the use of various forms of noninvasive imaging techniques to narrow the differential diagnosis and form an operative plan for a cardiac mass later identified as a benign myxoma originating from the right ventricle on histological examination.
Evaluation of Inflammatory Infiltration in the Retroperitoneal Space of Acute Pancreatitis Using Computer Tomography and Its Correlation with Clinical Severity
Authors: Xu YuLong , Ye ChunJuan , Tan Bing
Published: April 2023

This paper investigates the correlation between the degree and severity of CT inflammatory infiltration in the retroperitoneal space of acute pancreatitis (AP). A total of 113 patients were included based on diagnostic criteria. The general data of the patients and the relationship between the computed tomography severity index (CTSI) and pleural effusion (PE), involvement, degree of inflammatory infiltration of retroperitoneal space (RPS), number of peripancreatic effusion sites, and degree of pancreatic necrosis on contrast-enhanced CT at different times were studied. The results showed that the mean age of onset in females was later than that in males; 62 cases involved RPS to varying degrees, with a positive rate of 54.9% (62/113), and the total involvement rates of only the anterior pararenal space (APS); both APS and perirenal space (PS); and APS, PS, and posterior pararenal space (PPS) were 46.9% (53/113), 53.1% (60/113), and 17.7% (20/113), respectively. The degree of inflammatory infiltration in the RPS worsened with the increase in CTSI score; the incidence of PE was higher in the group greater than 48 hours than in the group less than 48 hours; necrosis >50% grade was predominant (43.2%) 5 to 6 days after onset, with a higher detection rate than other time periods (

P

 < 0.05). Thus, when the PPS was involved, the patient’s condition can be treated as severe acute pancreatitis (SAP); the higher the degree of inflammatory infiltration in the retroperitoneum, the higher the severity of AP. Enhanced CT examination 5 to 6 days after onset in patients with AP revealed the greatest extent of pancreatic necrosis.
Assessment of Cognitive Function with Sleep Spindle Characteristics in Adults with Epilepsy
Authors: Huang Yajin , Liu Yaqing , Song Wenjun , Liu Yanjun , Wang Xiaoqian , Han Juping , Ye Jiang , Han Hongmei , Wang Li , Li Juan , Wang Tiancheng
Published: April 2023

Objective. Epilepsy may cause chronic cognitive impairment by disturbing sleep plasticity. Sleep spindles play a crucial role in sleep maintenance and brain plasticity. This study explored the relationship between cognition and spindle characteristics in adult epilepsy. Methods. Participants underwent one-night sleep electroencephalogram recording and neuropsychological tests on the same day. Spindle characteristics during N2 sleep were extracted using a learning-based system for sleep staging and an automated spindle detection algorithm. We investigated the difference between cognitive subgroups in spindle characteristics. Multiple linear regressions were applied to analyze associations between cognition and spindle characteristics. Results. Compared with no/mild cognitive impairment, epilepsy patients who developed severe cognitive impairment had lower sleep spindle density, the differences mainly distributed in central, occipital, parietal, middle temporal, and posterior temporal (

P
<
0.05

), and had relatively long spindle duration in occipital and posterior temporal

P
<
0.05

. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was associated with spindle density (pars triangularis of the inferior frontal gyrus (IFGtri):

β
=
0.253

,

P
=
0.015

, and

P
.
adjust
=
0.074

) and spindle duration (IFGtri:

β
=
−
0.262

,

P
=
0.004

, and

P
.
adjust
=
0.030

). Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was associated with spindle duration (IFGtri:

β
=
−
0.246

,

P
=
0.010

, and

P
.
adjust
=
0.055

). Executive Index Score (MoCA-EIS) was associated with spindle density (IFGtri:

β
=
0.238

,

P
=
0.019

, and

P
.
adjust
=
0.087

; parietal:

β
=
0.227

,

P
=
0.017

, and

P
.
adjust
=
0.082

) and spindle duration (parietal:

β
=
−
0.230

,

P
=
0.013

, and

P
.
adjust
=
0.065

). Attention Index Score (MoCA-AIS) was associated with spindle duration (IFGtri:

β
=
−
0.233

,

P
=
0.017

, and

P
.
adjust
=
0.081

). Conclusions. The findings suggested that the altered spindle activity in epilepsy with severe cognitive impairment, the associations between the global cognitive status of adult epilepsy and spindle characteristics, and specific cognitive domains may relate to spindle characteristics in particular brain regions.
Peptide Helix-Y12 as Potential Effector for Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
Authors: Carrillo-Tripp Mauricio , Reyes Yair , Delgado-Coello Blanca , Mas-Oliva Jaime , Gutiérrez-Vidal Roxana
Published: April 2023

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are nuclear receptors involved in the regulation of lipids and glucose metabolism, and immune response. Therefore, they have been considered pharmacological targets for treating metabolic diseases, such as dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. However, the available synthetic ligands of PPARs have mild to significant side effects, generating the necessity to identify new molecules that are selective PPAR ligands with specific biological responses. This study aimed to evaluate some components of the atheroprotective and hepatoprotective HB-ATV-8 nanoparticles [the amphipathic peptide Helix-Y12, thermozeaxanthin, thermozeaxanthin-13, thermozeaxanthin-15, and a set of glycolipids], as possible ligands of PPARs through blind molecular docking. According to the change in free energy upon protein–ligand binding, ∆Gb, thermozeaxanthins show a more favorable interaction with PPARs, followed by Helix-Y12. Moreover, Helix-Y12 interacts with most parts of the Y-shaped ligand-binding domain (LBD), surrounding helix 3 of PPARs, and reaching helix 12 of PPARα and PPARγ. As previously reported for other ligands, Tyr314 and Tyr464 of PPARα interact with Helix-Y12 through hydrogen bonds. Several PPARα’s amino acids are involved in the ligand binding by hydrophobic interactions. Furthermore, we identified additional PPARs’ amino acids interacting with Helix-Y12 through hydrogen bonds still not reported for known ligands. Our results show that, from the studied ligand set, the Helix-Y12 peptide and Tzeaxs have the most significant probability of binding to the PPARs’ LBD, suggesting novel ligands for PPARs.
Evaluation of Hybrid Soft Computing Model’s Performance in Estimating Wave Height
Authors: Chen Tzu-Chia , Najat Rashid Zryan , Theruvil Sayed Biju , Sari Arif , Kateb Jumaah Al-Nussairi Ahmed , Samiee-Zenoozian Majid , Shokatian-Beiragh Mehrdad
Published: April 2023

In coastal and port engineering, wind-generated waves have always been a crucial, fundamental, and important topic. As a result, various methods for estimating wave parameters, including field measurement and numerical methods, have been proposed over time. This study evaluates the wave height at Sri-Lanka Hambantota Port using soft computing models such as Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) and the M5 model tree (M5MT). In order to overcome its nonstationarity, the primary wave height time series were divided into subtime series using the wavelet transform. The collected subtime series were then utilized as input data for ANN and M5MT in order to determine the wave height. For the sake of the model performance, the daily wind and wave data from the Acoustic Wave and Current (AWAC) sensor for Hambantota Port in 2020 and Sanmen Bay in 2017 were used in this study. The training state utilizes 80% of the available data, while the test state uses 20%. The Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of the ANN, M5, WANN, and Wavelet-M5 models in the Hambantota Port for the test stage are 0.12, 0.11, 0.04, and 0.06, respectively. While in Sanmen Bay, the RMSE of the ANN, M5, WANN, and Wavelet-M5 models for the test stage are 0.14, 0.16, 0.06, and 0.08, respectively. According to the findings of this study, the accuracy of WANN and Wavelet-M5 hybrid models in evaluating wave height is superior to that of classic ANN and M5MT, and it is recommended that WANN and Wavelet-M5 hybrid models be used to estimate wave height.
Mathematical Modeling of Multiscale Network Traffic Combination Prediction Based on Fuzzy Support Vector Machine
Authors: Zhang Feng
Published: April 2023

In the process of multiscale network traffic prediction using a single model, the results are often single, resulting in a decline in the accuracy of multiscale network traffic prediction. In order to solve this problem effectively, a mathematical modeling method of multiscale network traffic combination prediction based on fuzzy SVM is proposed. Firstly, according to the multiscale network approximation signal, the multiscale network traffic feature function is constructed to complete the multiscale network traffic feature extraction. Secondly, according to the feature extraction results, the fuzzy membership function is introduced into the SVM, and the fuzzy SVM is used to classify the multiscale network traffic. Finally, based on the traffic classification results, the combination prediction of multiscale network traffic is completed by combining the grey Verhulst prediction model with the GNN model. The experimental results show that the prediction accuracy of this method for multiscale network traffic is higher, and the prediction accuracy can always maintain above 95%, and the MSE and MAE values are relatively low.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Prevalence and Prognostic Significance of Malnutrition in Patients with Brain Metastasis
Authors: Liu Zheran , Zhang Yu , Pei Yiyan , He Yan , Yu Jiayi , Zhang Renjie , Wang Jingjing , Chong Weelic , Hai Yang , Peng Xingchen , Fang Fang
Published: April 2023

Supplementary Figure 3 The correlation analysis for three malnutrition scores and BMI. Scores and BMI were treated as continuous variables. For CONUT, higher scores are associated with worse malnutrition status. For NRI and PNI, lower scores are associated with worse malnutrition status.
Supplementary Figure S3 from Early On-treatment Changes in Circulating Tumor DNA Fraction and Response to Enzalutamide or Abiraterone in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Tolmeijer Sofie H. , Boerrigter Emmy , Sumiyoshi Takayuki , Kwan Edmond M. , Ng Sarah W.S. , Annala Matti , Donnellan Gráinne , Herberts Cameron , Benoist Guillemette E. , Hamberg Paul , Somford Diederik M. , van Oort Inge M. , Schalken Jack A. , Mehra Niven , van Erp Nielka P. , Wyatt Alexander W.
Published: April 2023

Oncoprint showing the copy number alterations, structural variants and mutations per patient at baseline
Supplemental Figure 4 from Myosin Light-Chain Kinase Inhibition Potentiates the Antitumor Effects of Avapritinib in PDGFRA D842V-Mutant Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor
Authors: Rossi Ferdinand , Liu Mengyuan , Tieniber Andrew , Etherington Mark S. , Hanna Andrew , Vitiello Gerardo A. , Param Nesteene J. , Do Kevin , Wang Laura , Antonescu Cristina R. , Zeng Shan , Zhang Jennifer Q. , DeMatteo Ronald P.
Published: April 2023

Supplemental Figure 4.
Integrating Tumor-Intrinsic and Immunologic Factors to Identify Immunogenic Breast Cancers from a Low-Risk Cohort: Results from the Randomized SweBCG91RT Trial
Authors: Stenmark Tullberg Axel , Sjöström Martin , Niméus Emma , Killander Fredrika , Chang S. Laura , Feng Felix Y. , Speers Corey W. , Pierce Lori J. , Kovács Anikó , Lundstedt Dan , Holmberg Erik , Karlsson Per
Published: April 2023

Purpose:

The local immune infiltrate's influence on tumor progression may be closely linked to tumor-intrinsic factors. The study aimed to investigate whether integrating immunologic and tumor-intrinsic factors can identify patients from a low-risk cohort who may be candidates for radiotherapy (RT) de-escalation.

Experimental Design:

The SweBCG91RT trial included 1,178 patients with stage I to IIA breast cancer, randomized to breast-conserving surgery with or without adjuvant RT, and followed for a median of 15.2 years. We trained two models designed to capture immunologic activity and immunomodulatory tumor-intrinsic qualities, respectively. We then analyzed if combining these two variables could further stratify tumors, allowing for identifying a subgroup where RT de-escalation is feasible, despite clinical indicators of a high risk of ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR).

Results:

The prognostic effect of the immunologic model could be predicted by the tumor-intrinsic model (Pinteraction = 0.01). By integrating measurements of the immunologic- and tumor-intrinsic models, patients who benefited from an active immune infiltrate could be identified. These patients benefited from standard RT (HR, 0.28; 95% CI, 0.09–0.85; P = 0.025) and had a 5.4% 10-year incidence of IBTR after irradiation despite high-risk genomic indicators and a low frequency of systemic therapy. In contrast, high-risk tumors without an immune infiltrate had a high 10-year incidence of IBTR despite RT treatment (19.5%; 95% CI, 12.2–30.3).

Conclusions:

Integrating tumor-intrinsic and immunologic factors may identify immunogenic tumors in early-stage breast cancer populations dominated by ER-positive tumors. Patients who benefit from an activated immune infiltrate may be candidates for RT de-escalation.
Targeting RET Solvent-Front Mutants with Alkynyl Nicotinamide-Based Inhibitors
Authors: Khatri Ujjwol , Dayal Neetu , Hu Xueqing , Larocque Elizabeth , Naganna Nimishetti , Shen Tao , Liu Xuan , Holtsberg Frederick W. , Aman M. Javad , Sintim Herman O. , Wu Jie
Published: April 2023

Selpercatinib (LOXO292) and pralsetinib (BLU667) are RET protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) recently approved for treating RET-altered cancers. However, RET mutations that confer selpercatinib/pralsetinib resistance have been identified, necessitating development of next-generation RET TKIs. While acquired RET G810C/R/S/V mutations were reported in selpercatinib-treated patients, it was unclear whether all of these and other potential G810 mutants are resistant to selpercatinib and pralsetinib. Here, we profiled selpercatinib and pralsetinib on all six possible G810 mutants derived from single nucleotide substitution and developed novel alkynyl nicotinamide-based RET TKIs to inhibit selpercatinib/pralsetinib-resistant RET G810 mutants. Surprisingly, the G810V mutant found in a clinical study was not resistant to selpercatinib or pralsetinib. Besides G810C/R/S, G810D also conferred selpercatinib/pralsetinib resistance. Alkynyl nicotinamide compounds such as HSN608, HSL476, and HSL468 have better drug-like properties than alkynyl benzamides. Six of these compounds inhibited all six G810 solvent-front mutants and the V804M gatekeeper mutant with IC50 < 50 nmol/L in cell culture. Oral administration of HSN608 at a well-tolerated dose (30 mg/kg) gave plasma level > 30x the IC50s of inhibiting all G810 mutants in cell culture. In cell-derived xenograft tumors driven by KIF5B-RET (G810C) that contains the most frequently observed solvent-front mutant in selpercatinib-treated patients, HSN608, HSL476, and HSL468 significantly suppressed and caused regression of the selpercatinib-resistant tumors. This study clarifies the sensitivities of different RET solvent-front mutants to selpercatinib and pralsetinib and identifies novel alkylnyl nicotinamide-based RET TKIs for inhibiting selpercatinib/pralsetinib-resistant G810 mutants.
N-of-1 Trials in Cancer Drug Development
Authors: Gouda Mohamed A. , Buschhorn Lars , Schneeweiss Andreas , Wahida Adam , Subbiah Vivek
Published: April 2023

The current approaches for cancer drug development lag behind an accelerated need in the field for a fast and efficient method for evaluating drugs in the personalized medicine era. In that regard, N-of-1 studies emerge as a potential addition to the drug development arsenal, although there are several considerations before its broad application becomes feasible. In essence, N-of-1 trials are a departure from the traditional “drug-centric” model to a “patient-centric” model. Herein, we review the concept of N-of-1 trials and provide real-world examples of their use in the developmental therapeutics field. N-of-1 trials offer an exceptional opportunity for fast-tracking of cancer drug development in the precision oncology era.
Supplementary Figure 13 from African American Prostate Cancer Displays Quantitatively Distinct Vitamin D Receptor Cistrome-transcriptome Relationships Regulated by BAZ1A
Authors: Siddappa Manjunath , Hussain Shahid , Wani Sajad A. , White Jason , Tang Hancong , Gray Jaimie S. , Jafari Hedieh , Wu Hsu-Chang , Long Mark D. , Elhussin Isra , Karanam Balasubramanyam , Wang Honghe , Morgan Rebecca , Hardiman Gary , Adelani Isaacson B. , Rotimi Solomon O. , Murphy Adam R. , Nonn Larisa , Davis Melissa B. , Kittles Rick A. , Hughes Halbert Chanita , Sucheston-Campbell Lara E. , Yates Clayton , Campbell Moray J.
Published: April 2023

SF_13 GSEA tumors
Augmented Virtual Reality in Vestibular Assessment: A Dynamic Gait Application
Authors: Margani Valerio , Pascucci Simona , Talamonti Rita , Serani Emilio , Bini Fabiano , Marinozzi Franco , Volpini Luigi , Elfarargy Haitham H , Covelli Edoardo , Barbara Maurizio
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Dizziness is a common complaint affecting up to 23% of the world population. Diagnosis is of utmost importance and routinely involves several tests to be performed in specialized centers. The advent of a new generation of technical devices would make envision their use for a valid objective vestibular assessment. Microsoft HoloLens 2 (HL2) mixed reality headset has the potential to be a valuable wearable technology that provides interactive digital stimuli and inertial measurement units (IMUs) to objectively quantify the movements of the user in response to various exercises. The aim of this study was to validate the integration of HoloLens with traditional methods used to analyze the vestibular function in order to obtain precise diagnostic values. Methods: Twenty-six healthy adults completed the Dynamic Gait Index tests both with a traditional evaluation and while wearing HL2 headset, thus allowing to collect kinematic data of the patients’ head and eyes. The subjects had to perform 8 different tasks, and the scores were independently assigned by two otolaryngology specialists. Results: The maximum of the mean position of the walking axis of the subjects was found in the second task (−0.14 ± 0.23 m), while the maximum value of the standard deviation of the walking axis was found in the fifth task (−0.12 ± 0.27 m). Overall, positive results were obtained in regard to the validity of the HL2 use to analyze kinematic features. Conclusion: The accurate quantification of gait, movement along the walking axis, and deviation from the normality using HL2 provide an initial evidence for its useful adoption as a valuable tool in gait and mobility assessment.
Impact of Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy Initiation on Urine Output and Fluid Balance: A Multicenter Study
Authors: White Kyle Christopher , Laupland Kevin B , See Emily , Serpa-Neto Ary , Bellomo Rinaldo
Published: April 2023

Introduction: The effect of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) on renal function is poorly understood. However, the initiation of CRRT may induce oliguria. We aimed to investigate the impact of CRRT commencement on urine output (UO). Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study in two intensive care units. We included all patients who underwent CRRT and collected data on hourly UO and fluid balance before and after CRRT commencement. We performed an interrupted time series analysis using segmented regression to assess the relationship between CRRT commencement and UO. Results: We studied 1,057 patients. Median age was 60.7 years (interquartile range [IQR], 48.3–70.6), and the median APACHE III was 95 (IQR, 76–115). Median time to CRRT was 17 h (IQR, 5–49). With start of CRRT, the absolute difference in mean hourly UO and mean hourly fluid balance was −27.0 mL/h (95% CI: −32.1 to −21.8; p value < 0.01) and – 129.3 mL/h (95% CI: −169.2 to −133.3), respectively. When controlling for pre-CRRT temporal trends and patient characteristics, there was a rapid post-initiation decrease in UO (−0.12 mL/kg/h; 95% CI: −0.17 to −0.08; p value < 0.01) and fluid balance (−78.1 mL/h; 95% CI: −87.9 to −68.3; p value < 0.01), which was sustained over the first 24 h of CRRT. Change in UO and fluid balance were only weakly correlated (r −0.29; 95% CI: −0.35 to −0.23; p value < 0.01). Conclusion: Commencement of CRRT was associated with a significant decrease in UO that could not be explained by extracorporeal fluid removal.
Engaging Indonesian students in “read, reread, list, compose” strategy to enhance paraphrasing skill
Authors: Yuliani Tatin , Kurniawati Nia , Siswayani Predari
Published: April 2023

One crucial skill to master by university students related to academic writing activity is paraphrasing skill. However, in Indonesian context, the university students still find paraphrasing challenging. Therefore, this study is intended to explore the use of read, reread, list, compose (RRLC) strategy to enhace the students’ paraphrasing skill in a college context. This study utilizes a qualitative case study design where the data were obtained through observation. The study revealed that RRLC stages can be implemented in learning activity. It engaged the students in activating their prior knowledge, doing an independent reading, discussing, and sharing their understanding about the text before paraphrasing. It assisted them to have better comprehension of the text to be paraphrased. In addition, during the implementation of composing stage in guided practice, the students’ paraphrased works indicated that the students were able to create sentences in different structures—active or passive constructions, use the synonyms, and retain the original meaning. These three skills helped them reduce the similiarity of their paraphrased works from the original version. This study recommends that RRLC strategy be implemented in teaching paraphrasing at college or lower level with some adjustments to meet the students’ basic English skill.
Positive attitudes toward mathematics among senior high school students in Cape Coast Metropolis
Authors: Awoniyi Florence Christianah , Amponsah Kwaku Darko
Published: April 2023

The study involved 2,575 students selected through a combination of probability and non-probability sampling procedures. Explanatory sequential mixed methods design was used. Participants completed the Fennema-Sherman Mathematics Attitude Scales (FSMAS) to provide the quantitative data for the research. The qualitative data were gathered through interviews. The arithmetic mean from the survey data for each of the students was used to shortlist 140 students for focus group interviews. The findings revealed that some of the impetuses that drive the respondents’ positive attitudes towards mathematics were mathematics as a compulsory subject, good teaching strategies by teachers, the utility of mathematics, career aspirations, and encouragement from parents, guardian or peers. The study recommended that stakeholders should encourage, enhance and promote these factors. Teachers, educators, and researchers are encouraged to dig deeper to unearth more of such factors.
Comparison between universities in Indonesia and Malaysia: World-class college ranking perspectives
Authors: Suyantiningsih Tri , Garad Askar , Sophian Muhamad , Wibowo Muhammad Agung
Published: April 2023

This study analyzes Indonesian and Malaysian universities in order to evaluate the reality of higher education in both countries, uncover the dynamics and causes influencing higher education, and disclose the similarities and contrasts between the Indonesian and Malaysian systems. Birdy's comparative descriptive method was used. This research relies on trustworthy global rating websites, statistics from the Indonesian and Malaysian Ministries of Higher Education, high-quality publications, and authoritative news. Indonesian higher education is largely entirely supported by the government and tuition fees at private universities. Due to a lack of collaboration between universities and industry groups, Indonesian higher education lacks a connection between scientific research, technical education, and the job market. Unlike Malaysia, it stresses scientific research, community service, and labor market demands. The researchers hypothesized the following processes based on the comparator countries: Adopting a productive university focused on output application via instruction and advice. Community-government and private-sector connections Using research to enhance firm products Collaboration with a firm or group to provide services that benefit them in exchange for participation in higher education goals, payment of expenditures, and use of outcomes. Through cooperative education, businesses and institutions may train and prepare university students for the job market.
Manifestation of the Yezidi Identity
Authors: Açıkyıldız Birgül
Published: April 2023

This article aims to examine the relationship between cemeteries and Yezidi identity by focusing on the Goristana Hesen Begê (Hesen Beg Cemetery), which belongs to the villages of Geliyê Sora (Güneli), Mezre (Çilesiz), Xanik/Berhokê (Mağaracık), and Efşe (Kaleli), and is located in Nusaybin in southeastern Turkey. It will analyse the tombstones’ architectural features and symbols and question how the Yezidi identity reconstructs and transforms itself in modern monumental funerary architecture in southeastern Turkey. Ritual practices in the Goristana Hesen Begê indicate that death rituals can be employed to strengthen and integrate the social boundaries of the community. Thus, it will discuss the meaning of places of memory and mortuary practices for the exiled Yezidis and their roles as identity markers in the reproduction of social relations within the Yezidi community.
Credible Commitment or Sham Devotion to the International Criminal Court: Whither Nigeria, Kenya and Uganda?
Authors: Anya Sylvester , Osuagwu Adrian , Onyeabor Emmanuel , Okubuiro Joycelin , Nwankwo Matthew , Onyeonagu Daniel , Enemo Ifeoma
Published: April 2023

There is a pattern of inconsistent behaviour among some African states towards the International Criminal Court (ICC) showing credible commitment and sham devotion. This study poses a question: what will be of the status of Nigeria, Kenya and Uganda (the Triad) vis-à-vis the ICC by the end of 2023, considering the pattern of behaviour of these states so far, evidence from data and the spate of domestication and exit procedures in homogeneous African states in contemporary times? The objectives of the study are to predict the status of the Triad by 2023 and reflect on the implication of the predictions for the on-going viability, sustainability and credibility challenges facing the ICC in Africa. The study finds that: the pattern of Nigeria’s behaviour shows sham devotion and predicts that she will not domesticate the Rome Statute come 2023; the pattern of Kenya’s behaviour straddles credible commitment and sham devotion and she may maintain her membership of the ICC by 2023; the pattern of Uganda’s behaviour shows fairly credible commitment mixed with sham devotion and she will maintain her membership of the Statute come 2023. These predictions have implications on the ongoing viability, sustainability and credibility challenges facing the ICC in Africa.
Philosophical Tools for Educational Culture: Reconstructing Data and Assessment Practices
Authors: Tschaepe Mark
Published: April 2023

Assessment practices have come to dominate much of formalized education, especially within the United States. Currently, learning analytics (la) and educational data mining (edm) are purported by many educational companies and institutions to successfully improve learning through what are often considered as objective collection, classification, and analysis of educational data. Enthusiasm about big data in education has contributed to the naturalization of datafication within the field. Educational data is regarded as a natural resource that exists ‘out there’ to be mined by edm and refined by la. Once refined, it is thought to bear the truth of educational assessment that leads to successful learning outcomes.
Bibliometrics and Qualitative Assessment: a Pragmatist Approach
Authors: Waks Leonard , Kramer Eli Orner
Published: April 2023

In this essay we explore whether and how we should use bibliometrics in hiring, promoting, and granting in the academy. We suggest a Deweyan-Hickmanian pragmatist approach to reflecting on the technology of bibliometrics as a resource for inherently qualitative judgements in these deliberations. We begin with a literature review of current work evaluating the role and use of bibliometrics in the academy, from advocating for them to questioning their construct validity and assessing their limitations and/or dangerous consequences. In the next section, we take a step back and provide a Deweyan philosophical analysis of the validity and practical use of qualitative assessment. In our conclusion we reflect on what pragmatism can teach about recent algorithmic tools used for faculty evaluation.
Hickman and Dewey: Naturalism’s Hope?
Authors: Saatkamp Herman J.
Published: April 2023

Larry Hickman has fostered his own analysis, explication and application of Dewey’s philosophy as well as overseen the critical edition of John Dewey’s works at the Center for Dewey Studies. In America our democracy is struggling, making Hickman’s scholarly work even more important. I attempt to explain some of Hickman’s use of Dewey’s philosophy to address current issues that include the roles of religion and education in American democracy. Much of Hickman’s pragmatic naturalism provides hope for democracy as a way of life and as a governmental organization. But will that hope meet contemporary challenges in our society? I suggest some possible limitations to Dewey’s and Hickman’s views but highlight the central role both play in American philosophy.
The vulnerability to drought-induced embolism-conduit diameter link: breaching the anatomy-physiology divide
Authors: Olson Mark E. , Pace Marcelo R. , Anfodillo Tommaso
Published: April 2023

The best explanations of the relationship between organismal form and function-those regarded by scientists as the most solid — always account for both comparative, across-species, patterns, as well as experimental results. This is true in all of biology, as it is for the study of xylem structure-function relations, where there is still a need for xylem physiology and functional comparative wood anatomy to mutually complement each other. To illustrate the magnitude and urgency of this need, we discuss Sherwin Carlquist’s postulate of a link between vulnerability to drought-induced embolism and conduit diameter, summarizing some of the major global patterns of xylem trait variation that are currently explained by postulating a vulnerability–diameter link. These include wider community mean and maximum vessel diameters in wetter vs drier vegetation types; that vessels can be >700 μm in diameter but plants virtually always produce much narrower ones; that dryland plants with wider vessels drop their leaves earlier; wide-to-narrow vessels across growth rings; and the wide vessels of lianas surrounded by narrow vessels. These patterns are global, and we are aware of no anatomical evidence contradicting a vulnerability–diameter link. Despite the pervasiveness of these patterns, many xylem biologists do not regard the patterns as providing guidance for research in functional xylem biology. Instead, proposing and testing hypotheses to account for all of the data — xylem physiology experiments and comparative anatomical patterns in all their complexity and with all of their contradictions — provides the best way forward for the field. This effort requires proposing and testing hypotheses that are consistent with both experimental as well as comparative data. Crucially, it also requires not rejecting the vulnerability–diameter link without providing an alternative explanation that better explains the patterns currently explained by appeal to the link.
The Poetics of the Unconscious in The Idiot and Hegel’s Subject of Philosophical History
Authors: Vladiv-Glover Slobodanka
Published: April 2023

The present paper reads The Idiot in the context of Hegel’s philosophy of history and subjectivity and finds that Dostoevsky’s avowed interest in Hegel led to a substantial absorption of Hegel’s thought in his own aesthetics.

Dostoevsky’s educated readers of the 1860s saw the novel as a moral history of the age, represented through an eccentric « new subject » (or the « new people »), embodied in marionette-like characters. The present paper explores this view further and finds that these marionette-like characters function as agents of the unconscious (and pre-empt the aesthetics of the theatre of the Absurd), which is the source of all subjectivity. Expressivity is the defining feature of subjectivity and is represented by means of pathological states – lying and self-destructive tendencies of the characters who display a pathological demeanour. Caprice (will power) is the prime mover of this subjectivity, which, in the context of Hegel’s philosophy of history, is the driver of the historical process and a direct expression of « Geist » or spirit of the people. This spirit comes to expression in different types of Russian national discourses, embodied in the myriad of embedded stories narrated by the characters on stage and off stage, and in stories within stories of episodic characters. These embedded episodic narratives, consisting of verbal pictures (or ekphrases), tell the story of Russia’s historical development from Peter Great’s time to Dostoevsky’s present of the 1860s. This is the story of the demise of the old « estate culture » of traditional Russia, with a « new Russia » emerging into history, which is grounded in an indeterminate subject of history, whose « pochva » (« soil ») is the groundless ground of language and an ethics of individual freedom. Both of these elements of subjectivity, which define the « new people », are negativities shaping a new dialectics, which is both form and content of the new self-conscious “world-historical individual” – Hegelian Man - through which spirit (Geist) manifests itself in the “present moment” of Dostoevsky’s Russia.
LEI, J.Q., CAI, J., ZHOU, S.D. & HE, X.J. (2023) Ligusticopsis miyiensis (Apioideae, Apiaceae), a new combination from China revealed by morphological and molecular evidence. Phytotaxa 591 (4): 273–282.
Authors: LEI JIA-QING , CAI JING , ZHOU SONG-DONG , HE XING-JIN
Published: April 2023

N/A
A new endemic Magnolia species (M. sect. Talauma, Magnoliaceae) from the south-western montane forest remnants of Ecuador
Authors: PÉREZ ÁLVARO J. , REA EDISON , BURGESS KEVIN S. , MENA-OLMEDO PATRICIO , CABRERA LEOVIGILDO , LEÓN JOSÉ , VÁZQUEZ-GARCÍA J. ANTONIO
Published: April 2023

Magnolia buenaventurensis is described from the upper Buenaventura Reserve in El Oro Province, south-west Ecuador. This species is characterised by its glabrous features, long stipular scars, obovate-elliptic leaves, 8–10 cm in diameter flowers with 8 petals, 50–53 stamens, 12–15 carpels and ellipsoid fruits. Photographs of the new species and a distribution map are provided. Relationships with other species are discussed.
Polystichum kuankuoshuiense (sect. Sphaenopolystichum, Dryopteridaceae), a new fern from Guizhou, China
Authors: WANG BO , SUN QING-WEN , WANG ZE-HUAN , ZHANG LI-BING
Published: April 2023

Polystichum kuankuoshuiense (Dryopteridaceae), a new species from Kuankuoshui Nature Reserve, Suiyang County, Guizhou, China, is described and illustrated. It is a member of P. sect. Sphaenopolystichum and similar to P. auriculum, P. bifidum, and P. suiyangense but differs from them in its rhizome, scale color, and pinna morphology. Quite surprisingly, the new species is not closely related to these morphologically similar species. The new species is currently known only from the type locality and is classified as CR (critically endangered) following the IUCN criteria.
Tranzscheliella helutae sp. nov. on Agropyron cristatum from Ukraine
Authors: SAVCHENKO KYRYLL , MAHMOOD HUDA
Published: April 2023

The morphology and phylogeny of Tranzscheliella on Agropyron cristatum (Triticeae) collected in Ukraine were studied by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and a molecular phylogenetic data of two rDNA loci (ITS and 28S). As a result, T. helutae sp. nov. is described. The fungus differs from other species from the T. hypodytes complex by a combination of morphological and molecular data.