bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TEXNİKİ TƏHLÜKƏSİZLİK: SƏNAYE VƏ İŞ YERLƏRİNDƏ ƏSAS PRİNSİPLƏR
Authors: Yaşar Ələkbərov, Ziya Ağayev Yaşar Ələkbərov, Ziya Ağayev , Əli Qənbərov, Cəvahir Rəcəbli Əli Qənbərov, Cəvahir Rəcəbli
Published: December 2024

Məqalədə texniki təhlükəsizliyin əhəmiyyəti, iş yerlərində və sənaye sahələrində bu qaydalara riayət edilməsinin vacibliyi müzakirə olunur. Risklərin qiymətləndirilməsi, avadanlıqların texniki baxışı, fərdi mühafizə vasitələrinin istifadəsi və işçilərin təlimatlandırılması kimi əsas prinsiplər nəzərdən keçirilir. Müxtəlif sənaye sahələrində, xüsusən də neft-qaz, tikinti və kimya sənayesində texniki təhlükəsizlik tədbirlərinin necə tətbiq edilməsi izah olunur. Eyni zamanda, müasir texnologiyaların texniki təhlükəsizliyin təkmilləşdirilməsində oynadığı rola diqqət çəkilir. Sensor texnologiyaları, məkan təyinetmə sistemləri və avtomatlaşdırmanın təhlükəsizlik tədbirlərini necə gücləndirdiyi qeyd edilir. Hüquqi çərçivələr, beynəlxalq standartlar və texniki təhlükəsizlik mədəniyyətinin formalaşdırılması mövzusunda da məlumat verilir. Məqalə iş yerlərində qəza risklərinin azalması və işçi sağlamlığının qorunmasının müəssisənin uğurlu fəaliyyəti üçün vacib olduğu qənaətinə gəlir.
Açar sözlər: texniki təhlükəsizlik, risklərin qiymətləndirilməsi, fərdi mühafizə vasitələri (FMV), sənaye təhlükəsizliyi, neft və qaz sənayesi.
MALEİN VƏ DİXLORMALEİN TURŞULARININ SEOLİT KATALİZATORLARIN İŞTİRAKINDA ALINAN MÜRƏKKƏB EFİRLƏRİNİN KİNETİK QANUNAUYĞUNLUQLARI
Authors: Bilqeyis İsmayılova, Səbinə Kərimova Bilqeyis İsmayılova, Səbinə Kərimova , Səbinə Yusubova, Ziba Bağırova Səbinə Yusubova, Ziba Bağırova
Published: December 2024

Tərkibində seolit olan katalizatorun iştirakı ilə dixloromalein turşusu efirlərinin işlənib hazırlanması onun əsasında tullantısız texnologiya yaratmağa imkan verir. Bu işdə alüminosilikat seolit tərkibli katalizatorun iştirakında izoamil spirtinin malein və dixloromalein anhidridləri ilə efirləşmə reaksiyasının kinetik qanunlarının öyrənilməsi nəzərdə tutulmuşdur. Efirləşmə reaksiyasını həyata keçirmək üçün aktiv seolit katalizatorları kimi mordenit və H-ZSM-5 müqayisəli olaraq seçilmişdir. Seolit katalizatorlarının H+ şəklində daha aktiv olduğu aşkar edilmişdir. Efirləşmə prosesləri aktivləşdirilmiş katalizatorların iştirakı ilə idarə olunurdu.
Açar sözlər: Efirləşmə, malein və dixlormalein anhidrid, izoamil spirti seolit katalizatorları.
Selection of locations to enrich the gene pool of a declining tree species in protected areas: The case of black poplar in the Wielkopolska National Park, Poland
Authors: Żukowska Weronika Barbara , Purcel Andrzej , Lewandowski Andrzej
Published: December 2024

Our study is an example of using genetic markers to select genotypes for enriching
the gene pool of declining species in protected areas. We analyzed remnants of
black poplars from the Wielkopolska National Park (WNP). This species is a pioneer
tree characteristic of riparian habitats. The clone archive has been established
in the WNP to protect the gene pool of black poplar in this area. Nevertheless,
the number of unique genotypes of black poplar in the WNP is too low. We,
therefore, genotyped 128 black poplars from three groups adjacent to the WNP
using 18 nuclear microsatellites and species-specific genetic markers to select
individuals to enrich the archive. The results showed a generally high level of
genetic diversity and low genetic differentiation (FST = 0.0353; RST = 0.0250).
It seems that all groups experienced a severe bottleneck in the distant past. Trees
from Wiórek appear to be the most suitable choice to enrich the WNP’s clone
archive. Differences in the gene pools of rare alleles support the inclusion of at
least some individuals from Świątniki. Our approach allowed the identification
of a group of trees that was most likely established artificially and, therefore, is
not suitable for enriching the WNP’s clone archive. We demonstrated that genetic
research should be an integral part of a species’ conservation strategy. This is
especially relevant for taxa whose natural populations have been subjected to
anthropogenic pressures.
Probiotics and their role in food microbiology: a review of health benefits and practical applications.
Authors: Vaishnav Shraddha , Shrivastava Ankita
Published: December 2024

Probiotics are living bacteria that, when given in sufficient quantities, provide a health advantage to the host. They have received considerable interest in the field of food microbiology because of their promising ability to improve health and prevent illnesses. This study offers a thorough analysis of the positive impacts on health that probiotics have, exploring the ways in which they work and emphasizing their practical uses in different dietary systems. The topic covers a broad spectrum of health advantages, such as improving gastrointestinal health, enhancing immune system functionality, and preventing and managing various illnesses. Multiple studies have been combined to emphasize the significance of probiotics in relieving gastrointestinal disorders like irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), decreasing the occurrence and intensity of infections, and potentially reducing the likelihood of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease and specific types of cancer.

This review also discusses the ways in which probiotics work, such as by outcompeting harmful pathogens, producing compounds that kill microbes, improving the function of the intestinal barrier, and influencing the immunological response of the host. The study examines the many origins of probiotics, particularly fermented foods and functional food items, and addresses the scientific and practical difficulties associated with integrating probiotics into food products. These issues encompass the need to guarantee the survival and consistency of probiotic strains across the various stages of food preparation, storage, and consumption. Additionally, there is a requirement to create efficient delivery methods that can optimize the health advantages provided by probiotics. This study seeks to give a comprehensive and insightful analysis of the present status of probiotics research in food microbiology. It provides insights into their possible health advantages, methods of operation, practical uses, and future research and development prospects.
Fatty acid composition of Chara species for nutritional and biofuel implications.
Authors: Bharadwaj Meenakshi , Shrivastava Awadhesh Kumar , Shrivastava Ranjana
Published: December 2024

The present study was conducted to ascertain the presence of lipids in Fresh water green algae Chara collected from the ponds of Durg Region of Chhattisgarh state in India. The preliminary study of physicochemical parameters as temperature, pH, DO and BOD helped in selection of plots for heavy Chara growth. The methanolic extract of Chara after subjecting to Thin layer chromatography (TLC) and confirmation by Gas Chromatography (GC) showed the presence of saturated fatty acids (SFA) as Lauric acid, Palmitic acid, Palmitoleic acid, Stearic acid, Arachidic acid, Margaric acid, Erucic acid and Behenic acid. Unstaurated fatty acids included both MUFA and PUFA. Important PUFA included EPA, DHA, Linoleic acid and γ-Linolenic acid (GLA). The concentration of saturated fatty acids was found to highest followed by PUFA and least concentration recorded was of MUFA. The study suggests the use of Chara as an alternative to conventional food crops and potential fuel.
Eichhornia Crassipes leaf extract: Phytochemical analysis and antioxidant activity
Authors: Deshlahre Ankita , Kulkarni Pragya
Published: December 2024

Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), a highly invasive aquatic plant, had remained largely unexplored for its medicinal potential. Despite its widespread presence near lakes, water hyacinth had not been systematically studied as a potential medication. Phytochemicals, colorful, fragrant, and flavorful secondary metabolites found in plants, offer numerous health benefits. Various phytochemical extraction techniques, both traditional and modern, have been employed. This study investigated the antibacterial and antioxidant properties of water hyacinth ethanol and water extracts, as well as conducted phytochemical screening of their contents. Preliminary phytochemical tests revealed that ethanol extracts contained saponins, while both water and ethanol extracts contained glycosides, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, phytosterol, and terpenoids. Notably, alkaloids, proteins, carbohydrates, reducing sugar, and amino acids were absent from all extracts. The objective of this research was to determine the phytochemical constituents of water hyacinth extracts (ethanol and distilled water) and assess their antibacterial and antioxidant capabilities.
Suplementação de 25-hidroxicolecalciferol para leitões pós desmama
Authors: Crusoé Jéssica Mansur Siqueira , Rocha Genelício Crusoé , Soares Marcos Henrique , Pereira Cínthia Maria Carlos , Da Silva Leonardo França , Azevedo Cândida Pollyanna Franscisco , Baffa Danielle Ferreira , Silva Flávia Luíza Heleno , Moreira Larissa Santos
Published: December 2024

Foram utilizados 210 leitões castrados e fêmeas, híbridos comerciais, desmamados aos 28 dias de idade com peso inicial de 8,47 ± 1,24 kg, alimentados com dietas contendo metabólito ativo da vitamina D3 (25-hidroxicolecalciferol (25(OH)D3) e níveis decrescentes de cálcio e/ou de cálcio e fósforo digestível nas rações, com o objetivo de avaliar o desempenho, mineralização óssea e resposta imune. Os animais foram distribuídos em delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, em um arranjo fatorial de 3 x 2 + 1, para cada fase avaliada (28 aos 35; 36 aos 49; 50 aos 63 dias de idade ), dois níveis de fósforo digestível (nível fixo ou variando mantendo-se a proporção com o cálcio (Ca:Pdig) dentro de cada fase) e uma ração controle, perfazendo um total de sete tratamentos com 10 repetições e três animais por unidade experimental (T1: tratamento controle; T2: redução de 8% da exigência de Ca; T3: redução de 16% da exigência de Ca; T4: redução de 24% da exigência de Ca; T5: redução de 8% da exigência de Ca mantendo-se fixa a relação de Ca:Pdig; T6: redução de 16% da exigência de Ca mantendo-se fixa a relação de Ca:Pdig; T2 – T7: suplementados com 2.000 UI de 25-Hidroxicolecalciferol). Não foi observado efeito dos tratamentos sobre as variáveis de desempenho avaliadas nas diferentes fases de desenvolvimento (28 aos 35; 28 aos 49; 28 aos 63 dias de idade). Não foi observado efeitos dos tratamentos sobre as variáveis avaliadas no tecido ósseo e no soro sanguíneo. Os tratamentos não influenciaram os níveis plasmáticos de IL-10, TNF- α e PCR. Conclui-se que a suplementação de 2.000 UI de 25(OH)D3 por quilograma, em rações cujo nível de cálcio e fósforo digestível foram reduzidos em até 24% não compromete o desempenho, mineralização óssea e o sistema imunológico dos leitões pós desmama.
A importância de políticas públicas para a mitigação do adoecimento mental dos servidores públicos
Authors: Santana Paulo Roberto Peixôto Lima de , Pinheiro Alexandre Santos , Campos Marilene de Souza
Published: December 2024

Este estudo investiga a importância das políticas públicas na mitigação do adoecimento mental em servidores públicos, com foco na fase de implementação do Ciclo de Políticas Públicas. A pesquisa utiliza uma abordagem sistemática e quantitativa, analisando cinco artigos que abordam diferentes aspectos do tema. A análise revela uma compreensão substancial do ciclo de políticas públicas (76%), entretanto, destaca a necessidade de aprofundamento na identificação e detalhamento de desafios na implementação (48%). Quanto à efetividade das estratégias (60%) e à alocação de recursos (60%), observa-se uma avaliação modesta, sugerindo a importância de uma análise mais detalhada. O envolvimento ativo dos servidores na implementação apresenta uma média de 60%, indicando uma consideração moderada. Esses resultados ressaltam a complexidade e a importância de políticas públicas eficazes para a saúde mental dos servidores. A discussão entre os autores destaca a necessidade de aprimorar a análise dos desafios específicos e de identificar estratégias mais eficazes. Em conclusão, os resultados fornecem valiosos subsídios para o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas mais efetivas na promoção da saúde mental dos servidores públicos.
Políticas públicas de bem-estar animal: desafios da gestão pública para proteção e prevenção de maus-tratos a animais domésticos no município de Porto Velho/RO
Authors: Ferreira Solange da Silva , Delazari Delmar Bruno , Piffer Douglas Moro , Farias Bruna Viel Amorim de
Published: December 2024

O bem-estar animal, definido pelo Comitê Brambell, abrange a saúde, conforto e a liberdade de comportamentos naturais dos animais, enquanto o abandono de animais, agravado pela falta de conscientização e políticas públicas eficazes, representa um risco à saúde pública. Em Porto Velho, o bem-estar animal é abordado por meio de legislações municipais que buscam combater o abandono e os maus-tratos, destacando a necessidade de políticas públicas eficazes, como programas de castração, conscientização sobre posse responsável e fiscalização rigorosa para garantir a proteção e o cuidado adequado dos animais na cidade. Objetivo: O objetivo principal foi investigar os desafios enfrentados pela gestão pública municipal na proteção e prevenção dos maus-tratos e promoção do bem-estar animal. Metodologia: A metodologia do estudo foi qualitativa, descritiva e transversal, com análise documental e consulta à Ouvidoria Municipal para entender as estratégias de Porto Velho na implementação e fiscalização das normas de bem-estar animal e combate aos maus-tratos. Resultados: O estudo identificou que, embora Porto Velho adote estratégias positivas como castração móvel, feiras de adoção e parcerias com ONGs, ainda existem desafios em áreas como controle populacional, fiscalização de maus-tratos, educação ambiental e transparência nas parcerias, demandando uma abordagem mais integrada e eficaz para a promoção do bem-estar animal. Considerações Finais: O estudo concluiu que, apesar de avanços nas políticas públicas de proteção animal em Porto Velho, ainda há lacunas significativas na implementação, fiscalização e monitoramento dessas ações, além de uma fragilidade nas parcerias com ONGs, o que exige uma abordagem mais integrada, estratégica e com maior transparência para garantir a eficácia das iniciativas.
Utilização de microrganismos multifuncionais no sistema de plantio direto com rotação de cultura da soja, feijão-comum e plantas de coberturas
Authors: Ferreira Izabely Vitória Lucas , Cruz Dennis Ricardo Cabral , Monteiro Natasha Ohanny da Costa , Nascente Adriano Stephan , Oliveira Rafael Bueno , Vieira Igor Cristian de Oliveira , Duarte Gabriella Alves , Moraes Lorena Maués
Published: December 2024

A maioria dos agricultores da região do Cerrado, em áreas irrigadas, pratica o cultivo de soja na mesma área, ano após ano, em regime de sucessão com o milho na safrinha e o feijão-comum no inverno. Esta prática pode causar problemas ambientais e econômicos, uma vez que aumenta os custos de produção devido ao incremento nas aplicações de pesticidas para controlar doenças, insetos e plantas daninhas. O desenvolvimento de tecnologias alternativas que permitam quebrar ciclos de insetos e patógenos. Desta forma, foram analisados trabalhos sobre as principais culturas do cerrado e sua relação com os sistemas de rotação de cultura, sistema plantio direto e aplicação de microrganismos. Espera-se essas pesquisas sirvam para proporcionar informações de manejo que permita ao produtor cultivar a soja e o feijão-comum de forma sustentável na região do Cerrado, reduza a população de fungos e nematóides patogênicos, bem como de insetos-pragas e plantas daninhas, reduzindo assim os impactos negativos do uso de agrotóxicos na agricultura no ambiente e os custos de produção, melhore a qualidade dos atributos químicos, físicos e biológicos do solo amplie a consciência do cultivo sustentável entre produtores e técnicos no estado, e proporcionou incrementos significativos na produtividade das culturas da soja e feijão comum, aumentando a rentabilidade do agricultor.
Todos os dias eu sofro: impactos do suicídio aos familiares e (des)cuidados na posvenção
Authors: Silva Thiago Réger Fontoura da , Siniak Débora Schlotefeldt , Simon Bruna Sodré , Santos Andreia Garcia dos , Pinho Leandro Barbosa de
Published: December 2024

Introdução: O suicídio é visto como uma morte inesperada e traumática, gerando uma sucessão de perdas para os familiares, amigos e pessoas próximas e afetando a população em geral, mas principalmente os familiares. Objetivo: O presente estudo se propõe a compreender os impactos do suicídio na vida de familiares sobreviventes e os cuidados na posvenção. Método: Estudo qualitativo e exploratório, realizado em um município da fronteira oeste do Rio Grande do Sul - Brasil, no período de outubro a dezembro de 2022. Os participantes foram 11 familiares de pessoas que morreram por suicídio. A coleta dos dados ocorreu por meio de entrevista semi-estruturada e os dados foram analisados através da Análise de Conteúdo. Resultados: Os impactos permeiam sentimentos de dor, saudades e lembranças, além de humor deprimido, insônia, pânico, tentativas e pensamentos suicidas, e abuso de álcool. A espiritualidade e a rede de apoio, principalmente pelos familiares mais próximos auxiliaram no enfrentamento do luto. Os familiares revelaram lacunas na assistência prestada pela equipe da Estratégia Saúde da Família. O silenciamento e evitamento foi destacado pelos participantes, principalmente devido ao estigma social. Conclusão: Verificou-se fragilidades na assistência às demandas de saúde mental dos familiares e a necessidade de fomento à criação de grupos de apoio aos sobreviventes.
Legislação e políticas públicas em torno da educação étnico-racial: um panorama no Brasil
Authors: Benvindo Janaina dos Santos , Barcellos Junior Waldyr , Dezem Lucas Teixeira , Ferreira Francisco Renato Silva , Braga Alinne Nauane Espíndola , Sguizardi Juliano , Marques Francisco Roldineli Varela , Alves João Paulo Costa , Santos Ademar Alves dos , Moura Dayana Ramos Santana , Pereira Gildete Carvalho dos Santos , Ferreira Washington Luiz Aquino
Published: December 2024

O objetivo da pesquisa foi analisar a implementação da educação étnico-racial nas escolas brasileiras, focando na legislação e nas políticas públicas que regem essa temática. A metodologia adotada foi a pesquisa bibliográfica, baseada em revisão de literatura sobre as principais leis, normativas e programas educacionais voltados para a promoção da diversidade racial nas escolas, além de estudos sobre os desafios e avanços no campo da educação étnico-racial. Os resultados indicaram que, embora haja um avanço significativo com a promulgação de leis como a Lei 10.639/2003 e a Lei 11.645/2008, que obrigam o ensino da História e Cultura Afro-Brasileira e Indígena nas escolas, sua implementação ainda enfrenta desafios como a falta de formação adequada para os professores, a escassez de materiais pedagógicos específicos e a resistência de algumas instituições educacionais. A conclusão da pesquisa destaca a importância de uma maior capacitação docente, a necessidade de investimentos em recursos pedagógicos e a promoção de um currículo verdadeiramente inclusivo, a fim de garantir que a educação étnico-racial seja efetivamente incorporada ao sistema educacional brasileiro, promovendo um ensino que respeite e valorize a diversidade cultural e étnica do país.
Life cycle thinking: a study of aplications on building projects
Authors: Junior Paulo Cezar Vitorio
Published: December 2024

Despite its benefits, building construction causes significant impacts on the environment. In this context, Life Cycle Thinking (LCT) has become a reliable instrument to improve environmental and socioeconomic performance through the construction life cycle. This research aims to perform a discussion focusing on those publications that consider the triple bottom line on building projects through the application of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), Social Life Cycle Assessment (S-LCA), Life Cycle Cost (LCC), and Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment (LCSA). The purpose was reached with the study of 91 peer-reviewed articles included in the Bibliographic Portfolio. The results show that a great part of the publications belongs to developed countries and that most of the articles present a local focus applied through case studies. Although sustainable development must include environmental, economic, and social dimen-sions, most studies implemented only environmental assessment, and the social sustainability dimension presents a greater lack. It was concluded that LCT approaches offer an objective assessment of sustainability through LCA, S-LCA, LCC, and LCSA. This paper can help students, designers, engineers, researchers, and decision-makers that need to im-prove or begin studies on sustainable construction.
Alternativas terapêuticas no tratamento de Staphylococcus aureus resistente à vancomicina: uma revisão da literatura
Authors: Oliveira Izabel Laís de , Santos Milka Wara dos , Silva Gabriela Vitória Pereira da , Ribeiro Jéssyca Barbosa , França Eva Hellen Celestino , Guerra Amanda Cristina Nogueira , Moura Isabelle Barros Alves , Pereira André Filipe Nogueira , Silva Taísa Figueirôa , Aquino Beatriz Antônia Mira de , Alves Letícia Batista de Carvalho , Silva Werislane Suellen da , Silva Júlia Nara Domingos da , Silva Ana Letícia de Lima , Campos Ygor de Queiroz Cavalcanti
Published: December 2024

As infecções causadas por Staphylococcus aureus resistente à vancomicina (VISA e VRSA) têm se tornado um desafio significativo na prática clínica moderna. Essas cepas bacterianas apresentam resistência a um dos antibióticos mais utilizados para tratar infecções graves, o que reduz drasticamente as opções terapêuticas disponíveis. Esta revisão da literatura explorou alternativas ao tratamento convencional, incluindo daptomicina, linezolida, ceftarolina, oritavancina, dalbavancina e combinações terapêuticas. Cada uma dessas opções oferece vantagens em cenários específicos, como eficácia contra isolados resistentes, mas apresentam também limitações importantes, como toxicidade potencial, altos custos e falta de dados clínicos robustos que sustentem sua aplicação em larga escala. O estudo destaca a importância de estratégias individualizadas no manejo dessas infecções, levando em conta o perfil clínico do paciente, a gravidade da infecção e a susceptibilidade antimicrobiana. Além disso, enfatiza a necessidade de investimentos contínuos no desenvolvimento de novos agentes antimicrobianos e na pesquisa de estratégias inovadoras para lidar com a resistência bacteriana.
Eficácia da ultrassonografia point-of-care no diagnóstico de tamponamento cardíaco em traumas torácicos penetrantes: uma revisão sistemática e meta-análise
Authors: Lusvarghi Enzo Fabrizzio Moretto , Oliveira Emilly Louise Rodrigues , Cavalheiro Amanda Moura , Aisen Daniela , Ferraz Maria Eduarda Dorneles , Júnior Carlos Wagner Leal Cordeiro
Published: December 2024

A ultrassonografia Point-of-Care (POCUS) tem emergido como uma ferramenta diagnóstica essencial em cenários de emergência, especialmente no manejo de traumas torácicos penetrantes associados ao tamponamento cardíaco. Este estudo realizou uma revisão sistemática e meta-análise para avaliar a eficácia da POCUS no diagnóstico de tamponamento cardíaco, analisando 12 estudos que incluíram um total de 1.243 pacientes. Os resultados demonstraram uma alta sensibilidade (92%) e especificidade (89%), além de uma redução significativa no tempo para diagnóstico (média de 28 minutos) em comparação com métodos tradicionais, como tomografia computadorizada. A POCUS mostrou-se particularmente vantajosa em cenários pré-hospitalares e regiões com recursos limitados, oferecendo diagnósticos em tempo real e facilitando intervenções precoces, como pericardiocentese. Embora o método seja altamente promissor, a acurácia depende da experiência do operador e do acesso a equipamentos adequados. Conclui-se que a POCUS deve ser integrada aos protocolos de atendimento ao trauma, contribuindo para a redução da mortalidade e melhora nos desfechos clínicos.
First record of the occurrence of the bronze bug in Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
Authors: Diodato Marco Antonio , Araujo Poliana Coqueiro Dias , Salami Gabriela , Silva Carlos José da
Published: December 2024

The bronze bug, Thaumastocoris peregrinus, is a significant pest of eucalyptus trees and was first reported in Brazil in 2008, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Since then, it has rapidly spread to other states, posing a threat to eucalyptus plantations. As of 2024, there were no official records of this pest in Alagoas, Ceará, Paraíba, Pernambuco, or Rio Grande do Norte, likely due to the limited cultivation of eucalyptus in these areas. However, an inspection carried out in 2021 in an experimental plantation of Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Eucalyptus tereticornis in Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, revealed typical damage associated with the bronze bug. Laboratory analyses confirmed its presence. Observations throughout the year identified populations of young and adult insects, with higher occurrences during the rainy season and early dry season. This finding underscores the pest’s adaptability to semi-arid climates and highlights the urgent need for continuous phytosanitary monitoring and the development of effective management strategies to mitigate potential damage in susceptible plantations.
Análise das características histopatológicas de próstatas de cães (SRD)
Authors: Bento Izabella Mariano , Alberto Hélio , Coelho Humberto Eustáquio , Castro Roane Cristina Sousa , Rezende Rodrigo Supranzetti de , Vasconcelos André Belico de
Published: December 2024

Este trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar histopatologicamente o tecido prostático de cães (SRD). Foram coletadas 20 próstatas de cães com idades diferentes entre 1 e 15 anos. Para análise estatística foi utilizado o programa GraphPadPrism 6.0 (GraphPad Software Inc., San Diego, CA, USA), através de análise descritiva em percentual. A próstata dos cães possui semelhança morfológica e funcional com a dos humanos e é constituída por um conjunto de glândulas e estroma. É uma glândula sexual acessória com formato oval, bi lobulado do aparelho reprodutor do cão e possui como função a produção de fluido para o ejaculado que o torna propício para a motilidade e sobrevivência dos espermatozoides. Com a pesquisa obtivemos como resultado da leitura das lâminas nove animais com prostatite crônica, seis animais com hiperplasia prostática benigna e cinco animais com hipotrofia prostática. Durante a coleta observamos que os tamanhos das próstatas possuíam diferenças, sendo, nos animais castrados pouco desenvolvidas e nos inteiros as próstatas eram bem desenvolvidas. Essa observação em relação ao tamanho foi feita apenas por inspeção visual.  Assim, é possível concluir que a realização da castração interfere tanto morfologicamente quanto fisiologicamente a próstata do animal, tornando o órgão atrofiado comum nos cães castrados, ou hipertrofiado nos casos dos animais inteiros.
COMPUTER IMPLEMENTATION OF INTELLIGENT MEDICAL RESCUE OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN MASS CASUALTY INCIDENTS
Authors: Tomczyk Łukasz , Kulesza Zbigniew
Published: December 2024

Due to rapid development of biocybernetics and technical computer science, dispatching ofmedical emergency services can be significantly improved. Thus the effectiveness of conductingrescue operations during mass casualty incidents (MCI) can be increased. Selected optimizationmethods and the expert system have been used to develop an Intelligent Medical Rescue OperationsManagement System (IMROMS). This system is the basis for the real emergency medical supportsystem that could be implemented in the emergency units. In the current paper IMROMS hardwareand software implementation problems have been discussed, including the analysis of the currentstate of information-telecommunication technologies (ICT) support for the rescue system inprovinces of Poland. The IMROMS consists of computer support for the following emergencyworkstations: Data Communication System of Provincial Emergency System (DCSPES), MedicalEmergency Coordinator (MEC) and Medical Emergency Dispatcher (MED) workstations,Medical Emergency Supervisor (MES) workstation, Casualty Health Monitor (CHM) mobiledevices, Hospital Emergency Department (HED) workstations and Medical Rescue Teams (MRTs)workstations. Computer software implements the following modules: optimization module(IMROMS-OM), expert system (IMROMS-ES), geographical information system – (IMROMSGIS).Optimization module has been developed on the basis of the computer simulator for optimaldecision-making in medical rescue operations (CSMRO). The IMROMS software was developed tocarry out hypothetical rescue operations with the support of a computer, the operation of which wastested under near-real conditions during the 14th Warmia and Mazury Championship in MedicalRescue, held in Olsztyn, Poland, in 2016. The Championships were attended by 20 medical rescueteams from all over Poland. The competition scenario assumed a specific post-accident conditionof the victims, their injuries and the status of their basic vital signs. Participants performed initialsegregation according to the START algorithm, first without computer support – in the traditionalway - and then using IMROMS. Identification took place at the scene and involved entering healthdata such as the status of basic vital functions, including respiratory characteristics, blood pressure,respiratory effort and capillary return and the type of injury suffered by the victim. Data was entered by paramedics using the Casualty Health Monitor (CHM) mobile device. A MED/MEC computersupport station using the CSMRO optimization module provided a solution based on this to assignHED and MRT to MCI victims. The time spent by rescuers at the scene of an MCI incident duringinitial segregation was significantly reduced and, consequently, the time taken to carry out actionsin the subsequent individual stages of the rescue operation was also shorter.
THE USE OF GIS TO ASSESS THE DEPLOYMENT OF FIRE AND RESCUE UNITS OF THE STATE FIRE SERVICE ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE CITY OF WARSAW
Authors: Gawroński Wiktor , Tyrańska-Wizner Karolina
Published: December 2024

This article presents the results of a study aimed at answering the question, which was: How willthe change of location of two fire and rescue units of the State Fire Service in Warsaw affect thenumber of buildings, the number of kilometres of roads and the area serviced, with an assumedprobable time of arrival to the incident of the first forces and resources of the National Firefightingand Rescue System entities of up to 8 minutes? In order to answer the question thus posed, theresearch process used theoretical and empirical methods (case study). These methods are drivenby the need to use engineering tools to assess the level of safety and combine safety engineeringwith safety sciences. The results confirmed that network analyses performed with the use ofspatial information systems can be taken into account when assessing the impact of changingthe deployment (location) of fire and rescue units, while they did not provide a clear answer as towhether a change of location shortens or lengthens the arrival time of the forces and resources ofthe State Fire Service to potential incidents.
INTEGRATED INTERCHANGES FOR PEOPLE WITH SPECIAL NEEDS
Authors: CHRUZIK Katarzyna , KRZYŻEWSKA Iwona , Fellner Andrzej , Fellner Radosław , Uchroński Piotr , Zmigrodzka Malgorzata
Published: December 2024

Improving the level of accessibility of integrated interchanges and providing free movement forpeople with special needs is one of the currently most important transport issues raised by a numberof centres. Over the last two decades, several attempts have been made to develop solutions toenhance mobility, e.g. more links between destinations, opening national borders in the EuropeanUnion, pursuing an open skies policy etc. However, a universal safety management system forpeople with special needs at integrated interchanges is still not in place. The aim of this article isto enhance elements of a safety system for people with special needs at integrated interchangesconsisting of lists (directories) of people with special needs. The article uses theoretical methodssuch as analysis and synthesis and presents an outline of barriers to create a catalogue of barriersand amenities found at integrated interchanges, taking into account people with special needs.Also noteworthy is a catalogue of people with special needs, which includes a broad group of publictransport users. The paper presents a matrix of barriers and amenities based on groups of peoplewith special needs. Identified elements of transport infrastructure at integrated interchanges, suchas revolving doors or contrasting elements, have been classified both as barriers and amenities fordifferent user groups.
Is there a paradoxical side effect? Is it a case of inefficiency? Peripheral ulcerative keratitis in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis in remission treated with tocilizumab
Authors: Tombak Yasemin , Kubra Sezer Methiye , Bal Ajda , Eksioglu Emel , Dulgeroglu Deniz
Published: December 2024

Tocilizumab is a monoclonal antibody to interleukin-6 that has recently been used in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment. Treatment with tocilizumab may be associated with paradoxical manifestations that are poorly understood. Patients that developed peripheral ulcerative keratitis while on tocilizumab treatment were studied in a case series. It was discovered that this could be a paradoxical side effect or ineffectiveness. Herein, we present a patient with seropositive RA who was followed for 22 years, using tocilizumab for seven years, and who developed peripheral ulcerative keratitis while in remission. Consequently, even in remission, extra-articular involvement can occur in RA patients, and medication-related paradoxical side effects can arise.
Validation of the Comprehensive ICF Core Set for Multiple Sclerosis: A Turkish clinical perspective
Authors: Ortabozkoyun Özge , Kesikburun Bilge , Füsun Köseoğlu Belma , Ergün Ufuk , İnan Levent
Published: December 2024

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of the construct validity of the Comprehensive International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) Core Set for Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and to identify the impact of MS on specific health domains according to the ICF categories in Turkish individuals.

Patients and methods: Between December 2011 and December 2012, a total of 150 individuals with MS (69 males, 81 females; mean age: 39.8±8.0 years; range, 19 to 52 years) who were diagnosed by a neurologist at least six months previously were included. The Comprehensive ICF Core Set for MS was used to assess functioning, disability, and environmental factors in all participants. The Spearman correlation coefficient was used to determine construct validity of the ICF Core Set between the ICF components and disease-specific and general measurements.

Results: The most frequently coded impairments in the body functions component were b280 sensation of pain, b134 sleep functions, b1301 motivations, and b740 muscle endurance functions. The most frequently coded impairments in the body structures component were s110 structure of brain, s120 spinal cord and related structures and s750 structure of lower extremity. A significant problem was documented in 47 of the 53 categories of the activities and participation. Of the 38 categories in the environmental factors, 23 were identified as a facilitator, while 12 categories were identified as a barrier. All body function, structure, activities and participation and environmental factors categories showed a significant correlation with disease-specific and generic measures.

Conclusion: Based on these results, the ICF Core Set may help to determine major facilitators or barriers to functioning and disability and a targeted rehabilitation approach in patients with MS.
Rigid tape dynamic fixation in conservative treatment of acute anterior talofibular ligament tear: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Du Shenxing , Wei Lihong , Wang Qingliang , Yao Yelin , Xu Ke , Ying Shunchao , Chen Kang
Published: December 2024

Objectives: This study aims to compare results of rigid tape (RT) dynamic fixation and static fixation in conservative treatment of acute anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) tear.

Patients and methods: Between September 2021 and December 2021, a total of 91 patients (41 males, 50 females, mean age: 28.5±6.5 years, range, 18 to 40 years) who were diagnosed with ATFL tear and underwent rigid tape (RT) or cast/brace rehabilitation protocol were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups as the RT group (n=36) and the control group (n=55). Follow-up (FU) was performed at six months. Outcomes included pain (Numerical Rating Scale [NRS]), ankle function (American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society [AOFAS] hindfoot score), deviation of center of gravity (DCG), and symptoms after returning to sports.

Results: The difference at each time point of pain, AOFAS, DCG and SRS between the two groups was statistically significant (p<0.05 for all). Only one patient at Week 12 in the RT group had pain in the lateral side of the ankle, while 36 patients at Week 12 and 21 patients (18 in the medial side) at FU had pain in the control group.

Conclusion: Our study results suggest that RT dynamic fixation can accurately lock the ATFL function and may prevent pseudo-stability, so as to quickly repair injury, restore function, and return to sports earlier.
Clinical and ultrasonographic enthesitis assessment before and after anti-tumor necrosis factor treatment in patients with spondyloarthritis
Authors: Asoglu Ibrahim , Palamar Deniz , Akgün Kenan , Er Gunay , Sarı Hidayet
Published: December 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to clinically and ultrasonographically evaluate enthesitis in patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA) and to determine enthesitis response to anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) treatment.

Patients and methods: Thirty-one SpA patients (22 males, 9 females; mean age: 39.4±10.9 years; range, 22 to 60 years) who started anti-TNF treatment due to their high disease activity were included in the cross-sectional prospective study between May 2017 and January 2018. Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score, Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index, Ankylosing Spondylitis Quality of Life Questionnaire, Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index, and Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index were recorded. Maastricht Ankylosing Spondylitis Enthesitis Score (MASES) and Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada (SPARCC) Enthesitis Score were utilized for clinical enthesitis evaluation. Patients were ultrasonographically evaluated in accordance with the Madrid Sonographic Enthesitis Index (MASEI) by a blinded sonographer. Patients were clinically and ultrasonographically assessed at baseline and in the third month after the treatment.

Results: In the initial evaluation, 24 (77.42%) of the patients had clinical enthesitis, and 30 (96.77%) of the patients had ultrasonographic enthesitis. After anti-TNF treatment, MASES, SPARCC, MASEI-structure, MASEI-thickness, MASEI-bursitis, MASEI-Doppler, MASEI-inflammatory, and MASEI-total scores significantly decreased (p<0.05). There was no significant change in MASEI-damage, MASEI-erosion, and MASEI-calcification scores following the therapy (p>0.05).

Conclusion: Anti-TNF treatment may improve clinical and ultrasonographic enthesitis, particularly inflammatory changes. Erosions and calcifications may not ameliorate after three months of anti-TNF treatment.
Effect of diaphragmatic breathing training with visual biofeedback on respiratory function in patients with multiple rib fractures: A randomized-controlled study
Authors: Shin Ho Jeong , Son Ho Hee
Published: December 2024

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of diaphragmatic breathing training with visual biofeedback on respiratory function in patients with multiple rib fractures.

Patients and methods: Between June 2021 and October 2021, a total of 16 patients (15 males, 1 female; mean age: 49.50±11.85 years; range, 25 to 66 years) who were diagnosed with multiple rib fractures were randomly assigned into two groups as the control group (CG, n=8) and the visual biofeedback group (VBG, n=8). The effect of each diaphragmatic breathing training on respiratory function was evaluated before and after eight interventions. For respiratory function, pulmonary function test was used to measure pulmonary function and respiratory muscle strength, and the Pain, Inspiratory capacity, Cough (PIC) score was used to evaluated pain, inspiratory capacity, and cough ability.

Results: In both groups, the pulmonary function representing the ratio of measurements to predicted values of both forced vital capacity (CG mean difference=25.37±4.58, p=0.002, VBG mean difference=24.25±3.96, p=0.007) and forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (CG mean difference=32.38±5.7, p=0.002, VBG mean difference=26.15±5.73, p< 0.001) increased significantly. The maximal inspiratory (CG mean difference=14.00±0.35, p=0.002, VBG mean difference=20.5±6.26, p=0.009) and expiratory pressure (CG mean difference=43.72±29.44, p=0.034, VBG mean difference=25.76±6.78, p=0.015), the indicators of respiratory muscle strength, increased significantly in both groups. The PIC score, which evaluated pain, inspiratory capacity, and cough ability, also increased significantly in both groups (CG mean difference=1.63±0.26, p≤0.001, VBG mean difference=3.13±0.19, p< 0.001). The change of PIC score after intervention did not significantly differ between the groups (F=1.439, p=0.250); however, there was a significant difference over time (F=38.476, p< 0.001). The change of PIC scores differed over time between the groups (F=2.806 p=0.011).

Conclusion: Diaphragmatic breathing training and diaphragmatic breathing training with visual biofeedback can improve pulmonary function, respiratory muscle strength, pain, inspiratory capacity, and cough ability in patients with multiple rib fractures.
The efficiency of mirror therapy in peripheral nerve injuries
Authors: Kablanoğlu Serkan , Sade Ilgın , Çekmece Çiğdem , Özdin Gül , Buluç Levent , Dursun Nigar
Published: December 2024

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of mirror therapy on pain, sensory, and functional development in addition to conventional rehabilitation and occupational practices in patients with a peripheral nerve injury in the hand.

Patients and methods: Twenty-six patients with peripheral nerve injury in the hand were included in this randomized controlled study between November 2017 and May 2018. The patients were randomly assigned to the mirror group (n=14) and the control (n=12) group. Both groups received conventional therapy in our clinic for 45 min a day during weekdays for six consecutive weeks. The mirror group received an additional 10-15 min of visual mirror therapy. Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Duruöz Hand Index, Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand, Jebsen hand function test, and Semmes-Weinstein monofilament test were used for the assessment of pain, hand function, and sensation of the patients at baseline and after treatment. The handgrip strength of the patients was measured with a dynamometer.

Results: A total of 20 patients (17 males, 3 females; mean age 31.9±16.5, range 16 to 65 years) completed the study, with 10 in each group. Statistically significant improvement was detected in hand skill functions, such as page-turning (p=0.004), backgammon packing (p=0.023), and heavy object lifting (p=0.029) in the mirror group. A statistically significant decrease was found in total scores of VAS after treatment in both groups (p<0.05).

Conclusion: The results imply that mirror therapy integrated with conventional rehabilitation may aid additional benefits on hand functions in peripheral nerve injury. These results demonstrate that mirror therapy can be used in addition to the rehabilitation program of patients with peripheral nerve injury.
The epidemiology of osteoporosis in Türkiye: A comprehensive analysis using the e-Nabız database
Authors: Mahir Ülgü Mustafa , Birinci Şuayıp
Published: December 2024

Objectives: The study aimed to define the epidemiology of osteoporosis and low bone mass based on bone mineral density at the femoral neck and the lumbar spine in adults 50 years and older in Türkiye.

Patients and methods: The retrospective study included all patients diagnosed with osteoporosis with a bone mineral density scan between January 2016 and May 2023 in the e-Nabız database, a government-run online healthcare database including over 68 million of active users. The data was categorized according to patient demographics, presentation age (0-17, 18-64, and >65 years), geographic regions, and healthcare levels.

Results: A total of 4,253,039 patients (723,863 [17.0%] males, 3,529,176 [83.0%] females) were diagnosed with osteoporosis. Of the patients, 2,432,607 (57.2%) belonged to the 18-64 years age group, 1,783,690 (41.9%) were in the >65 years group, and 36,742 (0.9%) were in the 0-17 years group. The mean age at presentation was 61.1±14.4 (range, 0 to 110) years. The Marmara region had the highest number of cases with 1,330,325 (31.3%), and the Aegean region had the lowest with 194,009 (4.6%). Istanbul had the highest rate of osteoporosis as a province (18.4%), followed by Ankara (7.5%). The lowest rates were recorded in Bayburt (0.0%) and Tunceli (0.1%), respectively.

Conclusion: Registry studies provide reliable information in epidemiological studies. In this study, the first of its kind in Türkiye, we reported the geographical distribution of osteoporosis. As expected, there were more osteoporosis patients in the more densely populated areas of the country. Secondary and tertiary care centers had more entries compared to primary care centers. The annual incidence of osteoporosis showed a declining trend over the years.
Pain types and risk factors in post-COVID-19
Authors: Ketenci Ayşegül , Zure Mert , Merih Akpınar Fatma , Soluk Özdemir Yelda , Balbaloğlu Özlem , Serdar Akaltun Mazlum , Erden Ender , Çağlıyan Türk Ayla , Damla Korkmaz Merve , Metin Ökmen Burcu , Altındağ Özlem , Soyupek Feray , Yakşi Elif , Sindel Dilşad , Sezgin Nalan , Ustaömer Kübra , Nur Kesiktaş Fatma , Dere Didem , Güneş Şevket , Medin Ceylan Cansın , Sonel Tur Birkan , Evcik Deniz
Published: December 2024

Objectives: This study aims to accurately evaluate pain lasting longer than three months and falls under the category of chronic pain and to determine the risk factors to follow up and treat properly and to develop appropriate diagnostic and treatment algorithms.

Patients and methods: Between March 2021 and December 2021, a total of 437 patients (162 males, 275 females; mean age: 44±14.6 years; range, 12 to 82 years) who were referred to the participating centers due to pain complaints and were diagnosed with post-COVID-19 condition according to the criteria defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) were included in the study. The patients were divided into three groups as nociceptive pain, neuropathic pain, and central sensitization, based on the physician's clinical evaluation and the Self-Report Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs (S-LANSS) and Central Sensitization Inventory scores.

Results: The most common diagnosis was nociceptive pain followed by central sensitization. Patients with nociceptive pain had less pain. It was found that not exercising regularly, having a chronic disease and being a woman were risk factors for central sensitization, having thyroid disease before COVID-19, and defining the current pain as very severe were risk factors for neuropathic pain.

Conclusion: In the evaluation of post-COVID-19 pain, neuropathic pain and central sensitization should be also considered in addition to nociceptive pain and the severity of pain, systemic diseases and physical activity should be questioned.