bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of microRNA-155 Alleviates Cognitive Impairment in Alzheimer’s Disease and Involvement of Neuroinflammation
Authors: Liu Dandan , Zhao Dandan , Zhao Yingkai , Wang Yan , Zhao Yong , Wen Chengfei
Published: August 2019

Background:

Neuroinflammation has important effects on cognitive functions in the pathophysiological process of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). In the current report, we determined the effects of microRNA-155 (miR-155) on the levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, and their respective receptors in the hippocampus using a rat model of AD.

Methods:

Real-time RT-PCR, ELISA and western blot analysis were used to examine the miR-155, PICs and PIC receptors. The Morris water maze and spatial working memory tests were used to assess cognitive functions.

Results:

miR-155 was increased in the hippocampus of AD rats, accompanied by amplification of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α. Intracerebroventricular infusion of miR-155 inhibitor, but not its scramble attenuated the increases of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α and upregulation of their receptors. MiR-155 inhibitor also attenuated upregulation of apoptotic Caspase-3 in the hippocampus of AD rats. Notably, inhibition of miR- 155 or PIC receptors largely recovered the impaired learning performance in AD rat.

Conclusion:

We showed the critical role of miR-155 in regulating the memory impairment in AD rats likely via engagement of neuroinflammatory mechanisms, suggesting that miR-155 and its signaling molecules may present prospects in preventing and/or improving the development of the impaired cognitive functions in AD.
Neuropeptides in Alzheimer’s Disease: An Update
Authors: Petrella Carla , Di Certo Maria Grazia , Barbato Christian , Gabanella Francesca , Ralli Massimo , Greco Antonio , Possenti Roberta , Severini Cinzia
Published: August 2019

Neuropeptides are small proteins broadly expressed throughout the central nervous system, which act as neurotransmitters, neuromodulators and neuroregulators. Growing evidence has demonstrated the involvement of many neuropeptides in both neurophysiological functions and neuropathological conditions, among which is Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The role exerted by neuropeptides in AD is endorsed by the evidence that they are mainly neuroprotective and widely distributed in brain areas responsible for learning and memory processes. Confirming this point, it has been demonstrated that numerous neuropeptide-containing neurons are pathologically altered in brain areas of both AD patients and AD animal models. Furthermore, the levels of various neuropeptides have been found altered in both Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) and blood of AD patients, getting insights into their potential role in the pathophysiology of AD and offering the possibility to identify novel additional biomarkers for this pathology. We summarized the available information about brain distribution, neuroprotective and cognitive functions of some neuropeptides involved in AD. The main focus of the current review was directed towards the description of clinical data reporting alterations in neuropeptides content in both AD patients and AD pre-clinical animal models. In particular, we explored the involvement in the AD of Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone (TRH), Cocaine- and Amphetamine-Regulated Transcript (CART), Cholecystokinin (CCK), bradykinin and chromogranin/secretogranin family, discussing their potential role as a biomarker or therapeutic target, leaving the dissertation of other neuropeptides to previous reviews.
Long Non-coding RNA MALAT1 Inhibits Neuron Apoptosis and Neuroinflammation While Stimulates Neurite Outgrowth and Its Correlation With MiR-125b Mediates PTGS2, CDK5 and FOXQ1 in Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Ma Peizhi , Li Yuanlong , Zhang Wei , Fang Fengqin , Sun Jun , Liu Mingzhou , Li Kun , Dong Lingfang
Published: August 2019

Background:

This study aimed to investigate the effect of long noncoding ribonucleic acids
(RNAs) metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (lnc-MALAT1) on regulating neuron
apoptosis, neurite outgrowth and inflammation, and further explore its molecule mechanism in Alzheimer’s
disease (AD).

Methods:

Control overexpression, lnc-MALAT1 overexpression, control shRNA, and lnc-MALAT1
shRNA were transfected into NGF-stimulated PC12 cellular AD model and cellular AD model from
primary cerebral cortex neurons of rat embryo, which were established by Aβ1-42 insult. Rescue experiments
were performed by transferring lnc-MALAT1 overexpression and lnc-MALAT1 overexpression
& miR-125b overexpression plasmids. Neuron apoptosis, neurite outgrowth and inflammation were
detected by Hoechst-PI/apoptosis marker expressions, and observations were made using microscope
and RT-qPCR/Western blot assays. PTGS2, CDK5 and FOXQ1 expressions in rescue experiments were
also determined.

Results:

In two AD models, lnc-MALAT1 overexpression inhibited neuron apoptosis, promoted neurite
outgrowth, reduced IL-6 and TNF-α levels, and increased IL-10 level compared to control overexpression,
while lnc-MALAT1 knockdown promoted neuron apoptosis, repressed neurite outgrowth, elevated
IL-6 and TNF-α levels, but reduced IL-10 level compared to control shRNA. Additionally, lnc-
MALAT1 reversely regulated miR-125b expression, while miR-125b did not influence the lnc-
MALAT1 expression. Subsequently, rescue experiments revealed that miR-125b induced neuron apoptosis,
inhibited neurite outgrowth and promoted inflammation, also increased PTGS2 and CDK5
expressions but decreased FOXQ1 expression in lnc-MALAT1 overexpression treated AD models.

Conclusion:

Lnc-MALAT1 might interact with miR-125b to inhibit neuron apoptosis and inflammation
while promote neurite outgrowth in AD.
Virtual Screening Techniques in Drug Discovery: Review and Recent Applications
Authors: da Silva Rocha Sheisi F.L. , Olanda Carolina G. , Fokoue Harold H. , Sant'Anna Carlos M.R.
Published: August 2019

The discovery of bioactive molecules is an expensive and time-consuming process and new
strategies are continuously searched for in order to optimize this process. Virtual Screening (VS) is one
of the recent strategies that has been explored for the identification of candidate bioactive molecules.
The number of new techniques and software that can be applied in this strategy has grown considerably
in recent years, so, before their use, it is necessary to understand the basics an also the limitations behind
each one to get the most out of them. It is also necessary to assess the real contributions of this strategy
so that more significant progress can be made in the future. In this context, this review aims to discuss
some important points related to VS, including the use of virtual ligand and biotarget libraries, structurebased
and ligand-based VS techniques, as well as to present recent cases where this strategy was successfully
applied.
Targeting Serotonin1A Receptors for Treating Chronic Pain and Depression
Authors: Haleem Darakhshan Jabeen
Published: August 2019

The association of chronic pain with depression is becoming increasingly recognized. Treating both the conditions together is essential for an effective treatment outcome. In this regard, it is important to identify a shared mechanism involved in the association of chronic pain with depression. Central serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) neurotransmission has long been known to participate in the processing of signals related to pain. It also plays a key role in the pathogenesis and treatment of depression. Although functional responses to serotonin are mediated via the activation of multiple receptor types and subtypes, the 5-HT1A subtype is involved in the processing of nociception as well as the pathogenesis and treatment of depression. This receptor is located presynaptically, as an autoreceptor, on the perikaryon and dendritic spines of serotonin-containing neurons. It is also expressed as a heteroreceptor on neurons receiving input from serotonergic neurons. This article targets the 5-HT1A receptors to show that indiscriminate activation of pre and postsynaptic 5-HT1A receptors is likely to produce no therapeutic benefits; biased activation of the 5-HT heteroreceptors may be a useful strategy for treating chronic pain and depression individually as well as in a comorbid condition.
Artrópodos (Arthropoda: Arachnida e Insecta) asociados a los nidos de Neotoma mexicana (Mammalia: Rodentia) de San Miguel de Allende, Guanajuato, México
Authors: Martínez-Hernández Mariana S. , Hernández-Hernández Zaira , Villegas-Guzmán Gabriel A. , Gaona-Ramírez Salvador
Published: August 2019

Los nidos de roedores son el refugio de distintas especies de artrópodos como pueden ser: ácaros, pulgas, chinches, piojos y pseudoescorpiones, entre otros. Algunos de ellos son de importancia médica y veterinaria porque son vectores de diversas enfermedades que pueden trasmitir al ser humano, animales domésticos y silvestres. Se recolectó un nido de Neotoma a partir del cual se identificaron 148 artrópodos de tres órdenes: Acari, Pseudoscorpiones (Arachnida) (Shultz, 2007) y Siphonaptera (Insecta). La especie más abundante fue el ácaro Cheyletus eruditus (Acari: Prostigmata: Cheyletidae) con 126 ejemplares. Tectocepheus velatus (Acari: Oribatida: Tectocepheidae) es un nuevo registro para los nidos de Neotoma. Los pseudoescorpiones representan el primer registro para Guanajuato, siendo Parachernes un nuevo registro para este microhábitat. Del orden Siphonaptera Tunga monositus es un nuevo registro para Guanajuato.
Attitudes Toward Blockchain Technology in Managing Medical Information: Survey Study (Preprint)
Authors: Hau Yong Sauk , Lee Jae Min , Park Jaechan , Chang Min Cheol
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUND

The recently developed blockchain technology uses a peer-to-peer network to distribute data to all participants for storage. This method enhances data safety, reliability, integrity, and transparency. To successfully introduce blockchain technology to medical data management, it is essential to obtain consent from medical doctors and patients.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to examine medical doctors’ and patients’ attitudes toward the use of blockchain technology and interpret the findings within the framework of expectancy theory.

METHODS

In this questionnaire survey, we examined medical doctors’ (n=90) and patients’ (n=90) attitudes toward the use of blockchain technology in the management and distribution of medical information. The questionnaire comprised 8 questions that assessed attitudes toward new means of managing and distributing medical information using blockchain technology. Responses were rated on a scale that ranged from 1 (very negative) to 7 (very positive).

RESULTS

Medical doctors (mean 3.7-5.0) reported significantly more negative attitudes than patients (mean 6.3-6.8). Furthermore, self-employed doctors reported more negative attitudes than employed doctors and university professors.

CONCLUSIONS

To successfully introduce blockchain technology to medical data management, it is necessary to promote positive attitudes toward this technology among medical doctors, especially self-employed doctors.
A Sexual Health Promotion App for Transgender Women (Trans Women Connected): Development and Usability Study (Preprint)
Authors: Sun Christina J , Anderson Kirsten M , Kuhn Tamara , Mayer Liat , Klein Charles H
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUND

HIV severely impacts the transgender communities in the United States, and transgender women have the highest HIV incidence rates among any identified risk group. Guided by formative research with transgender women and by an expert advisory panel of transgender women, we designed a prototype mobile app to promote HIV prevention among transgender women.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to develop and test the usability and acceptability of the prototype Trans Women Connected mobile app.

METHODS

We engaged in a 3-phase prototype development process. After conducting formative research about the health needs of this population, we outlined a theory-based app framework and developed three prototype activities (ie, a vision board, a pre-exposure prophylaxis [PrEP] education activity, and an interactive map). We then tested the usability and acceptability of the mobile app and activities with 16 transgender women using pre- and posttests, think-aloud protocols, and open-ended questions.

RESULTS

Participants reported high acceptability for the mobile app; the mean rating across all usability and likability questions was 5.9 out of 7. Service utilization intention, goal setting, and social support increased at posttest compared with pretest. Increases in self-efficacy in finding lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer–friendly services; intention to seek online social support; and PrEP knowledge were statistically significant. Participants described the app as attractive and useful and perceived all three activities positively.

CONCLUSIONS

This study describes the development and usability and acceptability evaluation of a prototype mobile app designed for and with transgender women for HIV prevention. The usability testing findings provided important insights toward refining and the further development of the Trans Women Connected mobile app. The results suggest that a mobile health intervention can support positive changes. The remaining development and efficacy randomized trial of the Trans Women Connected mobile app is currently underway.
Asia Pacific Report: A New Zealand nonprofit journalism model for campus-based social justice media
Authors: Robie David
Published: August 2019

For nine years, the Pacific Media Centre research and publication unit at Auckland University of Technology has published journalism with an ‘activist’ edge to its style of reportage raising issues of social justice in New Zealand’s regional backyard. It has achieved this through partnerships with progressive sections of news media and a nonprofit model of critical and challenging assignments for postgraduate students in the context of coups, civil war, climate change, human rights, sustainable development and neo-colonialism.  An earlier Pacific Scoop venture (2009-2015) has morphed into an innovative venture for the digital era, Asia Pacific Report (APR) (http://asiapacificreport.nz/), launched in January 2016. Amid the current global climate of controversy over ‘fake news’ and a ‘war on truth’ and declining credibility among some mainstream media, the APR project has demonstrated on many occasions the value of independent niche media questioning and challenging mainstream agendas. In this article, a series of case studies examines how the collective experience of citizen journalism, digital engagement and an innovative public empowerment journalism course can develop a unique online publication. The article traverses some of the region’s thorny political and social issues—including the controversial police shootings of students in Papua New Guinea in June 2016.
Growth and Yield Response of Maize (Zea mays L.) on Acid Soil to Different Rates of Humic Acid and NPK Fertilizer
Authors: Wulandari Putri , Sulistyaningsih Endang , Handayani Suci , Purwanto Benito Heru
Published: August 2019

The main constraint in the extensification of maize on the dry land of acid soil is the low availability of P in soil. This study aimed to determine the effect and the optimal dose of humic acid on the growth and yield of maize on acid soil. This research was conducted from February to May 2017 at Tri Dharma Field Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Gadjah Mada University. Acid soil with low P availability used was from sub-district Cigudeg and Jasinga, West Java. The research was arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 2 factors. The first factor was maize cultivar, namely Bisi 2 and Pioneer 35. The second factor was the rate of humic acid and NPK fertilizer, consisting of 0 kg.ha-1 (without) NPK and 0% (without) humic acid, NPK + 0% (without) humic acid, NPK + 5% humic acid, NPK + 10% humic acid, and NPK + 15% humic acid. NPK fertilizer applied was NPK 16:16:16 at a dose of 350 kg.ha-1. The results showed that humic acid application on acid soil increased C-humic content in the soil, soil P availability, total dry weight of the plant, and kernel dry weight at harvest (15 weeks after planting). The increase in soil P availability did not improve the plant growth but increased the accumulation of plant biomass.  The application of humic acid at 15% (52.5 kg.ha-1) combined with NPK fertilizer on acid soil significantly increased total dry weight of plant and kernel dry weight up to 13.14% and 21.81%, respectively, thus, it is recommended for maize cultivation on acid soil.
Genetic Diversity of Croton (Codiaeum variegatum (L.) Rumph.ex A. Juss) and Its Offspring Based on RAPD Markers
Authors: Asniawati Mufit Daryatun , Purwantoro Aziz
Published: August 2019

Croton (Puring) is a native  plant of Indonesia which has varied leaf shapes and colors. The diversity of croton increase through hybridization. The information on genetic diversity and relationship between parent and its offspring of crotons is very limited. This study aims to analyze the genetic diversity of cultivar Mawar (MW) and Walet (W) as parent compare to their offspring i.e, Black Marlet (BM), Kingkit 1 (KA), Kingkit 2 (KB), and Kamaratih (KM) using RAPD markers. This study used DNA extraction from the fresh leaf of six cultivars. The next steps were DNA quantification, primary optimization, DNA amplification with PCR, and electrophoresis. Statistical analysis was carried out using Genalex software. A total of 40 primers were screened, out of which 10 were selected for the analysis of genetic diversity. A total of 106 polymorphic bands were generated, ranging from 130 to 1850 bp. The results of RAPD analysis showed that Mawar as female parent had the highest polymorphic bands percentage of 69.01%, while Walet as male parent and its offspring ranged from 31.15 % to 43.94%. The genetic distance of the offspring with Walet ranged from 0.176 to 0.234 and genetic distance of the offspring with Mawar ranged from 0.314 to 0.372. It was indicated that all of offspring were closer to the male parent.
Correlation Between Secondary Metabolites of Leaf and the Resistance to Leaf Rust (Hemileia vastatrix) on Several Arabica Coffee Clones
Authors: Subroto Gatot , Kusbianto Dwi Erwin , Avivi Sholeh , Slameto Slameto , Setiyono Setiyono
Published: August 2019

Indicator of coffee resistance to leaf rust attack (Hemileia vastatrix) is needed to select superior coffee plants resistant to biotic stress. This study aims to find the relationship between the content of secondary metabolites and the intensity of leaf rust attack, so that it becomes a reference in the selection of future coffee plants. The experimental design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with several coffee clones as a treatment. This test tested 5 Arabica coffee clones consisting of Komasti, Maragogik, Usda, Andong sari, and HDT clones. Each consists of 3 replications, and each replication consists of 2 sample plants. Observations were made by observing the intensity of the attack, and plant metabolites such as phenolic content, flavonoids and antioxidant activity were observed when the leaves had been attacked by Hemileia vastatrix. Correlation of leaf rust attack levels with phenolic content, flavonoids and antioxidant activity showed a relationship between each observation variable. Flavonoid content in certain conditions can be used as an indicator to get Arabica coffee plants that are resistant to the attack of leaf rust.
Terminal Pleistocene lithic variability in the Western Negev (Israel): Is there any evidence for contacts with the Nile Valley?
Authors: Leplongeon Alice , Goring-Morris A. Nigel
Published: August 2019

At the end of the Pleistocene (25,000-15,000 BP), there is a shift to more arid conditions in the Negev and the Sinai corresponding to the Last Glacial Maximum. For the Nile Valley and the Levant, the lowering of the Mediterranean sea level, the expansion of the Sahara and the desiccation of some major eastern African lakes had important consequences on: (1) the general behaviour of the River Nile; (2) the landscape around the Nile Delta; and (3) sand dune mobilisation. Despite this shift to more arid conditions, there is abundant evidence for human occupation in the Egyptian Nile Valley and in the arid zone of the Southern Levant at this time. In addition, contacts between these two regions have sometimes been suggested, mainly by genetic studies, including early ‘Back-to-Africa’ dispersals.

This paper focuses on the analysis of six terminal Pleistocene (ca. 25,000-15,000 BP) lithic assemblages from the western Negev Desert dunes in Israel, attributed to the Early and Middle Epipalaeolithic. The analysis relies on the chaîne opératoire approach combined with attribute analysis that enables quantification of typo-technological differences. Results of this analysis allows comparisons with assemblages from the Egyptian Nile Valley analysed in the same way previously. This comparative analysis is then used to discuss hypotheses of potential technical diffusions between these two regions. Current archaeological evidence therefore does not support any contacts between populations between the Levant and the Nile Valley at the end of the Pleistocene.
Middle Palaeolithic lithic tools: Techno-functional and use-wear analysis of target objects from SU 13 at the Oscurusciuto rock shelter, Southern Italy
Authors: Marciani Giulia , Arrighi Simona , Aureli Daniele , Spagnolo Vincenzo , Boscato Paolo , Ronchitelli Annamaria
Published: August 2019

The Oscurusciuto rock shelter (Ginosa, Puglia, southern Italy) is a Middle Palaeolithic site characterized by a significant stratigraphy made up by several anthropic levels. The stratigraphic unit 13, consisting of a sandy compact deposit mixed with pyroclastic sediment, is a short palimpsest situated on a layer of tephra, identified as Mt. Epomeo green tuff (dated Ar/Ar ~ 55 ka BP).

From a technological point of view, the aims of the production were backed flakes, convergent flakes, and other flakes obtained by means of a Levallois debitage, plus (less represented) bladelets produced by an additional volumetric reduction system.

Our aim in this research was to examine a selection of the above-mentioned target objects produced by debitage in order to understand the manufacture and life-cycle of each single tool from a dynamic perspective.

We integrated techno-functional and use-wear analyses: the first was implemented to globally comprehend each tool, identifying each single techno-functional unity (prehensile and transformative portions), whereas the second revealed the way in which these tools had been used, proceeding to identify the activity involved (e.g., piercing, cutting and/or scraping), and the type of material (vegetable/animal, soft/hard) on which these activities had been carried out.

The combined use of these two approaches allows us to ascertain the intention of the prehistoric craftsmen, the gestures and procedures involved in making the tools, and the way they had been used. From one single object we are thus able to reconstruct a series of complex behaviours, encompassing the creation, the life-cycle and finally the ‘death’ or repurposing of the tool in question.
A tanged point and two blade technologies from Rubha Port an t-Seilich, Isle of Islay, western Scotland
Authors: Berg-Hansen Inger Marie , Wicks Karen , Mithen Steven
Published: August 2019

We describe a tanged point and a blade technology from Rubha Port an t-Seilich, Isle of Islay, Scotland that provides further support to a Late Pleistocene or Early Holocene presence in Scotland prior to the establishment of the narrow blade Mesolithic industry. The existing evidence for a Late Pleistocene or early Holocene presence comes from isolated finds of tanged points (Tiree, Shieldig, Brodgar), undated assemblages from disturbed contexts that are most likely Late Pleistocene in date (Howburn, Kilmefort Cave), and undated assemblages containing broad blade microliths (e.g., Glenbatrick, Morton). This article provides a summary of recent excavations and the stratigraphy at Rubha Port an t-Seilich, and a detailed analysis the lithic blade blank production at the site, which is, we believe, the first application of a chaîne opératoire based approach to a Scottish assemblage. The study includes comparisons with contemporary assemblages from north-western Europe. The significance of the Rubha Port an t-Seilich finds is threefold: (1) the relative large size of the assemblage that allows a technological analysis; (2) the finds partially derive from a stratified context below a narrow blade assemblage, associated with radiocarbon dates 9301-7750 cal. BP; and (3) further excavation can increase the sample size and potentially expose an in situ Late Pleistocene or early Holocene cultural horizon.
Innovation in safety management: A moderated mediation model
Authors: Wang Guan , Zhou Xiaohu
Published: August 2019

We developed and tested a model linking safety innovation intention with safety innovation behavior and safety performance. Participants were 407 employees of blasting, chemical, mining, and other high-risk industries in China. The results indicated that safety innovation intention
was positively associated with safety performance, and safety innovation behavior played a partial mediating role in this relationship. In addition, safety climate moderated the relationship between safety innovation intention and safety innovation behavior, which mediated the interaction
of safety climate and safety innovation behavior in predicting safety performance. The results support the importance of the effect of organizations' subjective intention and climate on their innovation behavior and performance in the safety domain.
Culture versus Structure: A Critical Perspective on the Role of Culture in Tax Evasion
Authors: Hutchinson Robert
Published: August 2019

Culture is a somewhat nebulous term, particularly in the context of accounting scholarship. Historically, it has been offered as a factor to explain many economic phenomena, including tax evasion. Utilizing Hofstede's (1980, 2001) cultural dimensions and data from the World Bank from 2005–2010, this study takes an exploratory approach to develop a stepwise, forward selection regression model to better illuminate this phenomenon vis-à-vis culture and economic structure. The results suggest, at least within the context of tax evasion, that cultural indices may be redundant in the presence of other readily available socio-economic indicators. This brings the age-old debate of culture versus structure to the forefront of accounting scholarship and policymaking.
Clinical Use of IDegLira: Initiation to Titration After Basal Insulin
Authors: Warren Mark , Steel Donna
Published: August 2019

Delayed treatment intensification is common in U.S. patients with type 2 diabetes uncontrolled on basal insulin. Concerns about weight gain, hypoglycemia, increased regimen complexity, and additional copayments may lead to reluctance to initiate prandial insulin. IDegLira is a titratable, fixed-ratio coformulation that combines the advantages of insulin degludec and the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist liraglutide in a single once-daily injection and mitigates the side effects associated with each component. Clinical trials have demonstrated that IDegLira improves glycemic control without the increased risk of hypoglycemia and weight gain observed with basal insulin up-titration and the addition of prandial insulin, and this is achieved using twice-weekly titration. Clinical trials and real-world studies have also shown that IDegLira has the potential to reduce therapeutic and titration inertia. However, better outcomes could be achieved with IDegLira initiation in suitable patients with timely titration and by providers sharing their experience with this combination product. This review describes considerations for initiation, titration, and intensification of IDegLira in patients previously receiving basal insulin.
Heterogeneity of Treatment Effects From an Intensive Lifestyle Weight Loss Intervention on Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Data From the Look AHEAD Trial
Authors: de Vries Tamar I. , Dorresteijn Jannick A.N. , van der Graaf Yolanda , Visseren Frank L.J. , Westerink Jan
Published: August 2019

OBJECTIVE

To explore the presence of heterogeneity of treatment effect (HTE) of an intensive lifestyle intervention on the occurrence of major cardiovascular events (MACE) in overweight or obese patients with type 2 diabetes, and to identify patient characteristics associated with individual treatment effect.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

In 4,901 participants from the Action for Health in Diabetes (Look AHEAD) trial, a penalized Cox regression model to predict treatment effect of intensive lifestyle intervention for the risk of MACE was derived, including all possible treatment-by-covariate interaction terms. The ability of the model to predict HTE was confirmed by calculating hazard ratios (HRs) and absolute risk change in quartiles of predicted treatment effect, and baseline patient characteristics were compared between quartiles.

RESULTS

In quartile 1 of predicted treatment effect, with the highest predicted risk reduction, there was a significant treatment benefit of intensive lifestyle intervention (HR 0.64 [95% CI 0.49–0.83]), whereas there was no effect from treatment in quartiles 2 and 3 (HR 0.81 [95% CI 0.58–1.14] and 1.13 [95% CI 0.80–1.60], respectively) and a detrimental effect in quartile 4 (HR 1.37 [95% CI 1.09–1.73]). Several patient characteristics in demographics, medical history, physical examination, and laboratory values were associated with the level of treatment effect.

CONCLUSIONS

This post hoc analysis of the Look AHEAD trial showed that an intensive lifestyle intervention aimed at weight loss may reduce cardiovascular events in selected patients but may have a detrimental treatment effect in others.
The effect of N-yttrium oxide Y2 o3 on mungbean (Phaseolus aureus Roxb.) Seed germination and seedling growth under salinity levels
Authors: Abdelrahman Ammal Abdelsalam
Published: August 2019

The present study was carried out in the botanical garden / department of biology /college of science in ALmustansiriyah University, Baghdad. During winter 2017 under natural environmental conditions in plastic house. The aim of this study was to evaluate the activity of the N- Yttrium oxide application to reduce salt stress in 1 and 2 gm/ Lof NaCl on seed germination and seedling growth of mung been. The results reveal that N- Y2o3 gave the highest results in seed germinations and seedling growth trait (seedling lengths, shoot length, number of leaves, number of secondary roots and dry weight of seedling) of mung bean than gibberellin and aqueous extract of Liquors roots under 1 and 2 gm / L NaCl and has no significant different with control treatment.
User Authentication Secure by Randomly Cubic Spline Curve and Blum Blum Shub Algorithm
Authors: Ahmed Hanaa mohusan , Alazzawi Ahmed oday
Published: August 2019

With the tremendous development witnessed by the world in recent times, computer security significance expanded as insurance procedure of registering systems and authentication the user with scientific and technological developments are increasing every day. This assurance procedure is connected for touchy information such of electronic business, electronic learning, and electronic saving money exchange, online networking and more administrations over the web by utilizing login application to distinguish the character for doing this authentication. The problem by using some application login how to detected the user authentic and experimental data collection and separated the duplicated name that may be Confusion the system with speed detected and difficult attack. This paper solve this problem by used Cubic spline to easy represented name and easy detected by distance Euclidean equation, authentication techniques utilized as insurance process by securing name mix with Blum Blum Shub (BBS) algorithm that have randomly number. In this work, the application is founded on type name that the combine with (BBS) and represented by cubic spline, to detected user. The result of proposed work require randomly number to drawing the curve to detect and how much the different shape in cubic spline curve that can be detected. Assurance gives affirmation distinguished suitable security and all the more effortlessly least complex that developing popular in the online application that shows in result some portion of the paper
Investigation of Malondialdehyde (MDA), Homocysteine (Hcy) and C- reactive protein (CRP) in sera of patients with Angina Pectoris
Authors: Abduljabbar Ahmed Abduljalal , Ismail Parween Abdulsamad
Published: August 2019

Homocysteine (Hcy) has been considered as an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD Oxidative stress and free radicals are known to have important roles in the development ofAngina Pectoris. Oxidative stress is present in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), and hyperhomocysteinemia, an independent risk factor for these diseases, may play a role in inducing production of oxygen free radicals. The aim of this study was to determine a possible relationship between blood serum Hcy levels and lipid peroxidation in patients suffering from Angina Pectoris (AP).To evaluate the possible role of homocysteine (Hcy) in inducing oxidative stress in Angina Pectoris(AP), plasma homocysteine( Hcy), plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) and C reactive protein (CRP) were measured in 60 unstable Angina Pectoris patients, we tested 30 healthy volunteers. Hcy was measured by an enzymatic colorimetric method and MDA, an index of lipid peroxidation, by spectrophotometer. Serum Hcy levels were significantly higher in angina pectories (AP) patients than the controls (23.2±8.0 vs 10.76 ± 2.55 micromol/L; P
Plant Leaf Disease Detection Using Support Vector Machine
Authors: Hussein Mohammed , Abbas Amel H.
Published: August 2019

Abstract Agriculture has special importance in that it is a major source of food and clothing and is an important economic source for countries. Agriculture is affected by a variety of factors, biotic such as diseases resulting from bacteria, fungi, viruses and non-biotic such as water and temperature and other environmental factors. detection of these diseases requires people to expert in addition to a set of equipment and it is expensive in terms of time and money Therefore, the development of a computer based system that detection the diseases of plants is very helpful for farmers As well as to specialists in the field of plant protection. the proposed plant disease detection system consists of two phases, in the first phase we establish the knowledge base and this by introducing a set of training samples in a series of processing that include first use pre-processing techniques such cropping , resizing, fuzzy histogram equalization ,next extract a set of color and texture feature and used to great the knowledge base that used as training data for support vector machine classifier . In the second phase of the work we use the classifier that was trained using the knowledge base for detection and diagnosis of plant leaf diseases. To create the knowledge base we used 799 sample images and divided it by 80% training and 20% testing. We have use Three crops each yield three diseases in addition to the proper state of each crop .the accuracy of disease detection was 88.1% .
New Spectrophotometric Determination of Cefdinir by Batch Method and Cloud Point Extraction
Authors: Mezhir Omar qusay
Published: August 2019

In this study, new spectrophotometric methods were developed for estimation of cefdinir (CFD); the research consists of two methods. The first method depends on the conversion of function group amine in cefdinir to diazonium salt and then combined with the 2, 5-Dimethylphenol (2, 5-DMP) reagent in the alkaline medium. The formed azo dye has a purple colour with absorption intensity at λmax 510 nm. Concentration range was obeyed Beer's law at (1-50 μg / ml), correlation coefficient was 0.9998, molar absorptivity was 1.54 × 104 L.mol-1.cm-1 and the detection limit was 0.04 μg.ml-1. The second method is including cloud point extraction (CPE) of a trace amount of the formed azo dye in the first method followed by measuring with a UV-visible spectrophotometer. Concentration range that obeyed the Beer's law was (0.2-6 μg / ml), correlation coefficient was 0.9998, molar absorptivity was1.48×105 L.mol-1.cm-1, detection limit was 0.004 μg.ml-1, Pre-concentration factor was 25 and Distribution coefficient was 125.The proposed methods were applied and proved their compatibility for estimating of ingredient compound in pure samples and pharmaceuticals by comparing them with previous studies.

Keyword: cefdinir, diazotization, cloud point extraction, 2, 5-Dimethylphenol.
The study of NDVI fluctuation in southern Iraq(Hor Ibn Najim) using remote sensing data
Authors: AL-Obaidey Eman Saad
Published: August 2019

This study was carried out to determine the nature of the land cover in the area of Hor Ibn Najim and its surroundings. These changes had occurred changes in the environmental conditions between 1986 and 2016. Remote sensing(RS) and geographic information system (GIS) techniques were used to monitor changes in the region as well as changes in NDVI values. Satellite images of Landsat 5 and 7 with sensors TM and ETM +, were used respectively. The extraction of land covers in the region was executed by the application of the supervised classification processes. The area has been classified in to six main land categories (water bodies, low density of vegetation cover, high density of vegetation cover, wetlands, abandoned land and land suitable of agriculture).
A RELAÇÃO SER HUMANO-NATUREZA NO DESENCANTAMENTO RELIGIOSO DO MUNDO
Authors: Ramalho Emmanuel
Published: August 2019

O conceito de desencantamento do mundo, de Max Weber, possui dois significados. O primeiro, o núcleo do conceito, é a desmagificação da religião no ocidente; o segundo é a perda de sentido do mundo referente ao esvaziamento de significado deste e da vida. A eliminação da magia, empreendimento realizado pela tradição judaico-cristã, implica a desdivinação do mundo imanente; a eliminação do sentido do mundo, realizada pela ciência moderna, implica a perda da noção de mundo orientado divinamente. Portanto, o desencantamento elimina gradualmente determinados elementos do que pode ser considerado sagrado neste mundo. Dessa forma, considerando a relevância do debate contemporâneo acerca das desconstruções de ideias e comportamentos incompatíveis com vidas e sociedades ambientalmente sustentáveis, este artigo visa contribuir com esta discussão ao analisar a relação ser humano-natureza neste fenômeno sócio-histórico que marca o desenvolvimento cultural do ocidente, o desencantamento do mundo, porém, focando no núcleo duro do conceito, o desencantamento religioso. O método de investigação é bibliográfico. O marco teórico conceitual utilizado para fundamentar a pesquisa é a sociologia da religião e a ecofilosofia.
UMA REFLEXÃO SOBRE O PENSAR E ANUNCIAR A SUSTENTABILIDADE NO CRISTIANISMO
Authors: Pessoa Jimmy Barbosa
Published: August 2019

O presente artigo busca tratar sobre a necessidade de se pensar e anunciar sustentabilidade na religião cristã, tema que pode ser esquecido por muitas vezes não se perceber a necessidade e importância da Religião no debate sobre ecologia e meio ambiente. Sabendo que o fenômeno religioso é de grande importância para a construção social e cultural, mostramos que a Ciência da Religião é um saber científico que é construído com outras perspectivas teóricas, e que através de suas lentes de pesquisa contribuem para um olhar mais amplo do saber religioso e da influencia desta no meio social. Construímos uma análise dos mandamentos bíblicos de amor ao próximo e o cuidado com o planeta, com perspectivas filosóficas, ética-ecológica, teológicas, bíblicas e sociológicas sobre o dever do cristão de anunciar e viver uma pratica de vida que cuide do planeta e do ecossistema e ainda acrescentamos que o cuidado com o meio ambiente e fator importantíssimo para construção de pontos que gerem diálogos do cristianismo com outras religiões.
ANALISIS KIM DALAM MEWUJUDKAN INFORMASI PUBLIK DI DESA SIDOMULYO KECAMATAN ANGGANA KUKAR
Authors: Hairunnisa Hairunnisa , Noor Muhammad
Published: August 2019

The purpose of the study was to describe, and to analyze the Community Information Group in Achieving Public Information in Sidomulyo Village, Anggana, Kutai Kartanegara. Data collection was done by Snowball Sampling method by determining Key Informant using purposive sampling method toward respondent in Sidomulyo Village. Primary data obtained from direct interviews with respondents based on interview guidelines, while secondary data obtained from the book. The results showed that in the absorption of community aspirations and information distribution by KIM is still running well However, there are weaknesses in human resources in internal KIM members busy each - each with a profession so that the performance of KIM less than the maximum. The Community Information Group (KIM) to accommodate the aspirations is already running but does not increase significantly. The form of application in the dissemination of information through blogs, Websites, and Social Media. This is good only to improve communication between the village apparatus and the Kutai Kartanegara Regional Government. The role of coach is expected by KIM Sidomulyo Village because for facilities and services if it can be fulfilled by village apparatus.
EFEKTIVITAS SOSIALISASI PENCEGAHAN KEBAKARAN HUTAN DAN LAHAN PADA MASYARAKAT DI DESA SUNGAI BULUH KECAMATAN BUNUT KABUPATEN PELALAWAN RIAU
Authors: Nurdin Nurdin , Badri Muhammad , Sukartik Dewi
Published: August 2019

Sosialisasi pencegahan kebakaran hutan dan lahan di Desa Sungai Buluh Kecamatan Bunut Kabupaten Pelalawan dinilai belum efektif. Hal ini terbukti bahwa masyarakat di Desa Sungai Buluh belum memahami secara detail tentang aturan membakar hutan dan lahan. Masyarakat hanya paham kalau membakar hutan dan lahan bisa masuk penjara. Penelitian tentang efektivitas sosialisasi pencegahan Kebakaran Hutan dan Lahan (Karhutla) adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kegiatan sosialisasi yang dilakukan pemerintah, swasta dan LSM terhadap pemahaman, motivasi dan tindakan masyarakat dalam proses pencegahan Karhutla di Desa Sungai Buluh Kecamatan Bunut Kabupaten Pelalawan. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan positivisme dan konstruktivisme, dikuatkan dengan teori sosialisasi.Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket, FGD, dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menemukan sosialisasi  yang dilaksanakan pemerintah, swasta dan LSM kepada masyarakat di Desa Sungai Buluh Kecamatan Bunut belum berjalan dengan efektif. Namun, kegiatan sosialisasi mempengaruhi pengetahuan dan tindakan masyarakat secara signifikan pada kegiatan pencegahan Karhutla, akan tetapi kegiatan sosialisasi tidak mempengaruhi motivasi masyarakat secara signifikan. Hal ini disebabkan kegiatan sosialisasi hanya dihadiri perwakilan aparatur desa tidak langsung kepada masyarakat secara keseluruhan.
DIGITAL MARKETING SEBAGAI STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI PEMASARAN “WAROENK ORA UMUM” DALAM MENINGKATKAN JUMLAH KONSUMEN
Authors: Afrilia Ascharisa Mettasatya
Published: August 2019

Purwokerto is the capital of Banyumas Regency as a growing and developing small tow. Purwokerto has experienced population transformation in terms of both quantity and quality. Based on statistical data can be seen that the population in the city per year 2014 ranged between 292,782 people with an area of 38.58 KM². The increase of population per year is also increasing along with the number of migrant population. This is an opportunity for business people are no exception to the culinary business. Waroenk Ora Umum is one type of culinary business which is quite rapid growth in the city of Purwokerto. Along with the current milenal era, it is necessary to further explore the marketing strategy of targeted marketing communications. And digital marketing is one strategy that has enough impact to increase the number of consumer culinary business in this era. This study used qualitative research methods. Data collection is done by observation, documentation, and interview. The results show that Waroenk Ora Umum Purwokerto has utilized digital marketing strategy which is also balanced with other marketing strategies.
PERAN PUBLIC RELATIONS DALAM MENINGKATKAN CITRA HOTEL SAHID MELALUI EVENT YOGA
Authors: Haningtyas Asti
Published: August 2019

Hotel industry is currently booming and Grand Sahid Jaya Hotel - Jakarta, which has been established since 1974, is facing tough competition with the arrival of hotels offering a variety of themes and more affordable prices. The image of Grand Sahid Jaya Hotel - Jakarta has been declining and public relations plays an important role in rebuilding, maintaining, and improving the hotel’s image. This research was done to understand the role of public relations in improving the image of Grand Sahid Jaya Hotel - Jakarta through the Sunrise Yoga from the Skyline event using qualitative data for the research method. This study also uses the role of public relations elements by Ruslan. The research results shows that public relation plays an important role and has fulfilled its theoretical role that was used to improve the image of Grand Sahid Jaya - Jakarta.
PENGARUH ACARA FESTIVAL SENI TERHADAP CITRA SEKOLAH DI SMA NEGERI 06 PEKANBARU
Authors: Idawati Idawati
Published: August 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh acara festival seni terhadap siswa, (2) untuk mengetahui bagaimana pandangan siswa terhadap citra sekolah, (3) untuk mengetahui bagaimana acara festival seni terhadap citra sekolah. Metode  yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan analisis kuantitatif data hasil pengukurannya merupakan data kualitatif yang diangkakan atau diskor. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa  SMA Negeri 06 mulai dari kelas X s/d kelas XII berjumlah 1201 orang.  Dalam penelitian ini tekhnik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan cara random sampling, sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan rumus  Slovin. Jadi sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 120 orang siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini yaitu: kuesioner, wawacara, dokumentasi, studi pustaka. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan skala pengukuran adalah skala likert (liket scale) yang digunakan untuk mengukur sikap, pendapat, persepsi, seseorang tentang suatu kejadian atau gejala sosial. Teknik analisa data dalam penelitian ini yaitu: menggunakan teknik analisis data regresi sederhana. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu (1) Bentuk pelaksanaan kegiatan festival seni di SMAN6 sangat tersusun dan terencana dengan baik, sehingga hal ini menyebabkan SMAN6 dalam melaksanakan kegiatan selalu berhasil dan mendapat sambutan positif bagi peminatnya, (2) Citra SMAN6 dimata siswa cukup baik dan sangat sangat positif ditandai dari rekapitulasi jawaban responden yang menjawab sangat setuju tentang kegiatan positif yang dilaksanakan oleh SMAN6 melalui kegiatan festival seni, (3) Pengaruh acara festival seni terhadp citra SMAN6 sangat berpengaruh signifikan hal ini dibuktikan dari hasil regresi linier sederhana.