bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interactions with free radicals for infusions obtained from plant mixtures in different weight ratio of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) herbs and dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) flowers using EPR method
Authors: Gaj Renata , Chwałowska Magdalena , Kopacz Klaudia , Zdybel Magdalena , Pilawa Barbara , Chodurek Ewa
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Antioxidants protect against free radicals. The aim of this work is to determine the influence of the composition of the plant raw material on magnitude and kinetics of interactions with free radicals of infusions obtained from a mixture of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) herbs and dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) flowers. The composition of a complex plant raw material with strong antioxidative properties was searched. Material and methods: The infusions were prepared from the mixtures of C. scolymus herbs and T. officinale flowers with weight ratio of the ingredients: 1:1, 2:1, and 1:2. Antioxidant properties were examined by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and the model DPPH free radicals. Results and discussion: EPR spectra of DPPH free radicals decrease as a result of interactions with the examined plant infusions. The decrease of the EPR spectra was strongest and the weakest for infusions of complex plant raw material with the ratio of ingredients 2:1 and 1:1, respectively. Conclusions: All tested infusions of a mixture of artichoke (C. scolymus) herbs and dandelion (T. officinale) flowers, with ingredient weight ratios of 1:1, 2:1 and 1:2, quench free radicals. The character of kinetics of free radical interactions for the tested infusions are similar. An infusion of complex plant raw material with a 2:1 weight ratio of ingredients has the strongest effect on eliminating free radicals. An infusion with a 1:1 weight ratio of ingredients has the weakest ability to quench free radicals.
„The priest has the same trousers as the peasant” – about the linguistic creation of the priest in the novel Stone on Stone by Wiesław Myśliwski
Authors: Kuska Wojciech
Published: December 2024

The fate of Szymon Pietruszka – the most important character of the novel Stone on a Stone by Wiesław Myśliwski – Is firmly embedded in the native culture, which the rebellious hero tries to reject or rename, rebelling against the current order established over the years. A Catholic priest becomes a symbol of the negated world, as a person distant from Szymon’s value system. The linguistic creation of the priest is the subject of this analysis. This character plays different roles in different stages of Szymek’s life and is perceived differently by him.
Colours in Irena Zielińska’s poems (on the material of the volumes of her early works)
Authors: Maciantowicz Katarzyna
Published: December 2024

The article presents the figure of Irena Zielińska, a poet from Międzyrzecz, explains the concept of colour, gives a definition of the linguistic creation of the world, as well as contains an attempt at a linguistic analysis of the function of achromatic and chromatic colours and chiaroscuro in the volumes of the poet’s early work. The research material excerpted from three poetry collections, consisting of a total of 128 poems, was classified according to colours representing 9 semantic fields: 3 achromatic colours (white, black, shades of grey), 4 chromatic colours (green, red, yellow, blue), and light and shadow. Their presence was examined in 259 textual occurrences. In the final part of the article, an attempt was made to characterise the style of Irena Zielińska’s poetry in the context of colours.
The Liturgical Transformations in Karaite Prayer in the First Half of the Twentieth Century
Authors: Klimova Veronika
Published: December 2024

This study aims to trace the evolution of the Karaite daily prayer from its original Hebrew and Jewish form to a Turkic and Christian version in the first half of the twentieth-century Eastern Europe. Using liturgical sources, the spiritual and religious leaders of the Karaite community, who strictly adhere to the Hebrew Bible, aimed to redirect Karaite worship from traditional Hebrew prayers to the newly revised ones. These prayers integrate the withering Turkic language of the Karaites and even include the Lord’s Prayer. The study of this innovative adaptation is intended to shed light on the process of de-Judaisation within the Karaite community.
Swiss neutrality – origins, development, prospects
Authors: Tobiasz Lesław
Published: December 2024

The author presents the origin of the Swiss neutrality, its development throughout the history and the challenges for the neutral state that result from the current geopolitical situation. The beginning of the Swiss neutrality may bee seen already at the creation of the Confederation in 1291. The significant role in the developing of the neutrality played the defeat oft the Swiss troops in the battle of Marignano in 1291. From that time the Swiss Confederation avoid generally to be involved in conflicts outside of its territory. In 1674 Switzerland announced the declaration of neutrality. This declaration of neutrality was internationally accepted at the Congress of Vienna, ratified in the Treaty of Paris on 20 November 1815 and confirmed in the Treaty of Versailles in 1919. Nowadays in the radically changing geopolitical situation the lively discussion of the rights and obligations of a neutral state takes place which leaves Switzerland with difficult political decisions to make.
Language and gestures of parents towards children – legal aspects of assessing parents competences in court proceedings
Authors: Michałowska-Maksimczyk Małgorzata
Published: December 2024

Family is defined, among other things, as “a spiritual union of a small group of people gathered in a common hearth through acts of mutual assistance and care, based on belief in real or presumed biological connection, family and social tradition”. Educational psychology perceives the family from the point of view of the child’s interests as its natural educational environment. The relationship between parents has a significant impact on the emotions that parents direct towards their children. Minors analyze every behavior of their parents; sometimes they imitate them, repeating adults’ words or gestures, other times they deny the parent’s behavior and avoid contact with him. Parents’ attitude towards minor children shapes their future and may generate repeated negative and positive behavior patterns. In court proceedings, one can notice an increased tendency to downplay the father’s role in the process of raising the child or to deny the mother’s overprotective attitude towards the child. Neither of the parents is “indebted to each other” and is guided by the principle of positive self-presentation before the court while depressing the attitude of the other parent.
„What shall I wish you...” Values in Zofia Kossak’s acts of wishing well addressed to children and grandchildren
Authors: Nowak Małgorzata
Published: December 2024

Wishes, which create an aura of friendliness and closeness, belong to the basic repertoire of polite forms common to various cultures. These acts are a manifestation of the personality of their sender. By creating the wishes, the sender externalises their inner self, and at the same time, construes a certain image of the recipient. The sender wishes for a particular good acknowledged in the axiosphere –or more broadly in (socially) entrenched value systems – shared by them and the recipient. The senderof the wishes may shape them stereotypically, in which case they rely on a register of universalvalues (health, happiness, good fortune). Alternatively, the sender may follow a more idiosyncratictrajectory, taking into account the actual needs of the recipient, which they are familiar with asthey know the recipient and have an insight into the universe of their experience. Zofia Kossak’swishes analysed in this article, targeted at immediate family members, are by and large creativetexts. A characteristic feature of her acts of wishing well to her children and grandchildren is theirsaturation with religious values and their association with acts of blessing. In the hierarchy of values recognised and intentionally conveyed by the mother and grandmother, sacred values (“absolutely sacred” and “humanly sacred”) take first place, while spiritual-moral, perfectionist, then life-related and other ethical values also rank high. On the other hand, hedonistic and utilitarian values receive a low rank. Kossak’s acts of wishing well unveil her personal profiling of axiological notions (e.g. happiness) as well as their (re)definition she found expedient for her communicative purposes.
QUALIDADE DE VIDA NO TRABALHO - QVT: UM ESTUDO DE CASO COM OS SERVIDORES DO CENTRO DE REFERÊNCIA ESPECIALIZADO DE ASSISTÊNCIA SOCIAL – CREAS DO MUNICÍPIO DE FORTALEZA
Authors: Aquino Roberta Albuquerque de , Teodoro Daniele de Almeida
Published: December 2024

A necessidade de qualidade de vida vem se tornando cada vez mais explícita para as organizações e para as pessoas. Desta forma, este artigo apresenta um estudo de caso referente a Qualidade de vida no Trabalho – QVT dos servidores do Centro de Referência Especializado de Assistência Social – CREAS do município de Fortaleza, mediante indicadores baseados nas categorias do Modelo de Walton. Suas categorias apresentam indicadores amplos, facilmente adaptáveis a cultura socioeconômica brasileira, adequando-se a condição organizacional da comunidade onde situa-se a população alvo. A instituição é publica, pertencente a política de assistência social, em seu âmbito especializado. O método adotado corresponde a uma pesquisa exploratória-descritiva segundo os objetivos, e bibliográfica segundo os procedimentos. Trata-se de um estudo de caso único de natureza quantitativa, cuja coleta de dados ocorreu através de questionário fechado aplicado a dezesseis servidores da organização pesquisada. Concluída a análise dos dados é possível inferir que as variáveis de QVT na empresa pesquisada não são bem aceitas por uma parcela significativa dos respondentes, uma vez que, 38% dos pesquisados sentem-se satisfeitos, enquanto 58% estão insatisfeitos e 4% optaram por uma posição intermediária.
NORMAS EM SAÚDE SOBRE SEGURANÇA DO PACIENTE NA UTI
Authors: Silva Alécia Juliane Amaral da , Cavalcanti Ellen Hadassa da Costa , Faria Laura Katherine Sousa de , Goncalves Loraine Ferreira , Lima Suelen Costa
Published: December 2024

As normas de segurança em saúde são fundamentais para prevenir adversidades nos serviços de saúde, especialmente em UTIs, onde os pacientes estão em condições críticas e expostos a maiores riscos de complicações e infecções. Protocolos de segurança como a RDC 7/2010 e a RDC 36/2020 estabelecem critérios essenciais para o funcionamento adequado das UTIs, incluindo estrutura física, equipe multidisciplinar, higiene, desinfecção e treinamento contínuo. Essas normas visam reduzir infecções, melhorar a comunicação entre equipes e garantir a aplicação de procedimentos padronizados, promovendo a segurança do paciente. A implementação rigorosa dessas diretrizes contribui significativamente para a melhoria da qualidade assistencial, prevenindo eventos adversos e reforçando a segurança em ambientes hospitalares. Além disso, o uso de tecnologias avançadas, como sistemas de monitoramento automatizado, permite uma resposta mais rápida e eficaz às emergências. Portanto, a adesão às normas de segurança em saúde é essencial para a prevenção de complicações, melhoria da comunicação e promoção da saúde pública, garantindo um atendimento seguro e de qualidade.
ATUAÇÃO DO ENFERMEIRO OBSTETRA NO CENTRO DE PARTO NORMAL INTRA-HOSPITALAR- CPNI
Authors: Lima Ducilene de Oliveira , Freitas Liliane Mendonça , Souza Kemele Batista de , Silva Marlia Rabelo da , Sales Cleomirtes da Silva
Published: December 2024

OBJETIVO: Relatar a importância do enfermeiro obstetra no trabalho de parto humanizado, descrever como ocorre a assistência de enfermagem em um CPNI, identificar os benefícios para as parturientes e para o recém nascido. METODOLOGIA: Estudo exploratório, descritivo, que utiliza a técnica de revisão integrativa, realizada busca nas bases de dados, a coleta de dados foi realizada a partir dos descritores: Centro de Parto Normal, parto humanizado, partos normais, Manaus e outros Estados, no período de 2018 a 2022. Foram encontrados 4 artigos do tipo relato de experiências. RESULTADOS: O Centro de parto normal possibilita ao profissional de enfermagem autonomia e demonstra a importância do enfermeiro nesse ambiente, pois atua promovendo o protagonismo da parturiente e a criação de vínculos, o qual possibilita a assistência de modo contínuo, integral e centrado no indivíduo respeitando suas singularidades. Observou-se que as gestantes que foram atendidas no CPNI receberam informação, orientação sobre os cuidados com o RN, foram incentivadas ao aleitamento exclusivo, realização do planejamento familiar e a retornarem à unidade de saúde. CONCLUSÃO: O CPNI promove às gestantes um atendimento humanizado com foco no protagonismo da mulher. O centro conta com uma equipe especializada que promove práticas não invasivas, acolhimento, escuta qualificada, práticas não farmacológicas para alívio da dor, bem como orientações e cuidados baseados na ciência do cuidar, deste modo trazendo inúmeros benefícios para o binômio.
ÍNDICE DE EVIDENCIAÇÃO DAS AÇÕES DIANTE DAS MUDANÇAS CLIMÁTICAS (IEAMC) DAS EMPRESAS DO MERCADO ACIONÁRIO NO BRASIL
Authors: Faria Juliano Almeida de , Anjos Nícolas Andrade de Jesus , Santana Alex Fabiano Bertollo , Carvalho Filho João Alves
Published: December 2024

O mundo presencia nas últimas décadas os efeitos das mudanças climáticas, os quais proporcionam aumento do volume de evidenciação de informações socioambientais nos relatórios fornecidos pelas empresas brasileiras participantes do Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP) e da B3 (Brasil Bolsa Balcão). O objetivo deste trabalho foi confirmar os fatores determinantes mais evidenciados nos relatórios anuais das empresas brasileiras participantes do CDP e da B3 capazes de contribuir para a sua legitimidade no mercado com relação a evidenciação das mudanças climáticas. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa descritiva de abordagem quantitativa/qualitativa, utilizando 32 fatores determinantes como referência de busca na pesquisa documental realizada nos relatórios (obrigatórios e voluntários) das empresas escolhidas. O resultado foi a construção do ranking IEAMC Brasil atualizado apresentando a empresa Grendene (Tecidos, Vestuários e Calçados) como destaque no período, seguida pela CSN (Siderurgia e Metalurgia) e a Gerdau (Siderurgia e Metalurgia) em terceiro lugar. Podendo ser observado maior volume de informação referente ao tema das mudanças climáticas no Relatório Socioambiental (Voluntário), seguido pelo Formulário de Referência e DFPs. Por fim, este trabalho apresenta contribuição científica confirmando a expectativa da Teoria da Legitimidade uma vez que a divulgação de informações voluntárias ao mercado constitui importante instrumento de legitimação inclusive apontando caminhos para essa legitimidade por meio do IEAMC Brasil apresentado.
Sustainability Perspectives on the Use of Nature Materials for Urban Areas Infrastructure
Authors: PLAMONIA NICCO , Junizal Farhan , Irawanto Rony , Prasidha I Nyoman Teguh , Firdaus Yustisia
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Constructing a hotel have to include various facility. One of the many may a jogging track. We take the Aruss Hotel in Semarang, Central Java, as the case to be studied. The Hotel planned to use Ironwood as the material for the track due to its solid and resistant characteristics. However, using the wood material collectively adds more pressure to the rainforest. Therefore we propose to replace the Ironwood with andesite stone. The andesite material also has solid and resistant characteristics. We argue that materials usage should consider the sustainability aspect of materials and the Value for Money factor. Therefore, the objective of this article is to provide a perspective for decision-makers that includes the sustainability perspective and the VFM principle. We conducted two activities during the Research: (1) comparing the cost of both materials and (2) comparing the time consumed installing both materials. The analysis results are as follows: The cost of using andesite is 73% cheaper than Ironwood. We replaced the Ironwood with an andesite, which is proven to save IDR 307,031,041. Moreover, using the andesite only takes 13 working days, while Ironwood takes 36 days. We conclude that using andesite as the alternative to Ironwood has two advantages: (1) reducing the pressure on the natural forest, and (2) saving the construction cost.
The Pseudo Opinion Polarisation of Chinese Online Political Culture: Evidence from Debates on Social Media Surrounding Fang Fang and Wuhan Diary
Authors: Liu Hailong , Ta Na , Xie Zhuoxiao , Li Zhanghao
Published: December 2024

Abstract: The growing division of opinions and the apparent polarisation in Chinese cyberspace can be attributed to the complexity of online debate and Chinese political culture. This article examines as a case study the online discussion surrounding Fang Fang, a controversial figure during the COVID-19 outbreak in China, to analyse the characteristics, trends and factors driving the intensifying issue-based online conflict. It tests polarisation effects using a large data set of comments and users that cite Fang Fang’s Weibo posts over a three-month period. Empirical analysis indicates that the perceived polarisation in Chinese social media should be understood as “pseudo opinion polarisation”. Despite temporary polarisation, there was no sustained polarisation of attitudes in these online debates. The discussion reveals that the dominant opinion, which was against Fang Fang, overshadowed opposing views. There is also a noticeable uptrend in expressions of cyber-nationalism expression in comments. The authors argue that within Chinese political culture, when political divisions deepen in issue-based discussions, overarching political discourses (e.g. nationalism) may impede or reverse the process of polarisation. Thus, rather than opinion polarisation, a mainstreaming of opinion was observed.
Revised Gaming Legislation and Its Implications for Economic Diversification in Macao—An Early Assessment
Authors: Lai Kuanju , Kwan Fung , Zhang Yang
Published: December 2024

Abstract: This article examines the impact of Macao’s revised gaming law (Amendment to Law No. 16/2001—Legal Framework for the Operations of Casino Games of Fortune, approved in June 2022) on the gambling industry, focusing on its implications for sustainable growth and economic diversification. The approved legislation introduces innovative business practices to address the needs of the evolving industry. Through analysis of the revised law and related documents, it is evident that implementing these practices, along with industry compliance and effective government enforcement, can potentially reduce reliance on a single market and steer casino tourism towards sustainable development, stability and resilience. In an early assessment of the diversification effects of the new regulation, the article highlights the immediate impacts on the labour market, the composition of tourist flows and the revenue mix of local gaming operators and illustrates the potentially transformative effects of the law for economic diversification in Macao.
Ciudad inteligente: Ciudadano conectado
Authors: Vergara berra Alejandro
Published: December 2024

Este artículo explora la relación entre la tecnología y la participación ciudadana en la construcción de ciudades inteligentes, con énfasis en la comunicación humana como motor esencial de su desarrollo. Si bien la tecnología desempeña un papel crucial, es la interacción entre los ciudadanos, la capacidad de diálogo y la construcción de consensos lo que verdaderamente define una ciudad inteligente, con el conocimiento y uso adecuado de los resultados que provee la tecnología y sus innovaciones. A partir de un análisis comparativo de diversas ciudades a nivel mundial, se demuestra que el éxito de las iniciativas de ciudades inteligentes depende de la capacidad de integrar la tecnología con la participación activa de los ciudadanos. Finalmente se presenta en una reflexión, la situación que viven las ciudades en México, desde la dimensión en ese proceso de integración constructiva para llegar a ser consideradas ciudades inteligentes, dando como conclusión que la cocreación; es decir, la colaboración entre ciudadanos, gobierno y empresas, es clave para desarrollar soluciones urbanas innovadoras y sostenibles que respondan a las necesidades locales.
ASSISTÊNCIA AO PACIENTE COM SÍNDROME CORONÁRIA AGUDA NO ATENDIMENTO PRÉ-HOSPITALAR: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Ramos Polliana Faria , de Sousa Milena Nunes Alves
Published: December 2024

A Síndrome Coronariana Aguda (SCA) é um termo utilizado para caracterizar um grupo de sinais clínicos compatíveis com isquemia miocárdica aguda. Os cuidados pré-hospitalares são essenciais para o sucesso no tratamento dos pacientes e diminuição da mortalidade. Diante do cenário, objetiva-se caracterizar as estratégias adotadas no atendimento pré-hospitalar para melhor assistência aos pacientes com suspeita ou diagnóstico de SCA. Para tanto, foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da literatura com abordagem descritiva a partir de consulta as bases de dados Scientific Eletronic Library Online, National Library of Medicine, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde e Google Scholar. Como critérios de inclusão, foram elegíveis textos disponíveis online, na íntegra e gratuitos, nos idiomas português ou inglês, publicados entre 2019 e 2024, que apresentaram compatibilidade com o tema e respondem a questão de pesquisa. Após a seleção, a amostra constituiu-se de 20 estudos, os quais evidenciaram o papel fundamental do cuidado pré-hospitalar no atendimento de casos de SCA, apontando ainda que o estabelecimento de protocolos padronizados de atendimento, uma rápida triagem, a capacitação dos profissionais de saúde, o monitoramento regular dos tempos porta-balão e porta-agulha, o atendimento de emergência em unidades móveis, o uso programas de softwares para dispositivos móveis, assim como o reconhecimento precoce, a realização de eletrocardiogramas, a administração de oxigênio em caso de hipóxia e o uso de medicações apresentam-se como estratégias que favorecem melhores desfechos no atendimento em caso de SCA.
The Preservation of Cultural Heritage in the City of Durrës as a Challenge for Local and Central Institutions, with a Focus on the Recognition and Practical Implementation of Legal Procedures and Normative Acts in Order to Preserve and Develop Cultural He
Authors: Hasani Luljeta , Hasani Fatos
Published: December 2024

The damage done to the archaeological property of the city of Durrës is one of the major damages caused to our cultural heritage after the 90s. The reconstruction projects of buildings destroyed by the earthquake in Durrës, financed by the Albanian Development Fund, are being carried out without archaeological monitoring, destroying traces of ancient monuments. According to the law on cultural heritage, constructions that are carried out in areas with high archaeological intensity, such as the "Dyrrah" boulevard in Durrës, must be monitored by archaeologists, but in the case of the 6-story building, this control was missing. The creation of genuine scientific studies about all the archaeological materials and the very rich cultural heritage of the city of Durres, organizing publications, monographs, articles, inside and outside the country, of the cultural values that the city of Durres carries, the organization of joint workshops with universities different in the Balkans and wider, where the University of Durrës in cooperation with the relevant Departments to promote these studies, through the cooperation of pedagogues - specialists in the field of archeology and Cultural Heritage, in cooperation with the Institute of Albanian Albanology, to enrich the library of the city with studies Durrës and the National Library. According to the law on cultural heritage, constructions that are carried out in areas with high archaeological intensity, such as the "Dyrrah" boulevard in Durrës, must be monitored by archaeologists, but in the case of the 6-story building, this control was missing.
 
Received: 12 August 2024 / Accepted: 30 October 2024 / Published: 3 December 2024
Application & Challenges Of Big Data Technologies In Albanian Health Care System
Authors: Bushati Hoxha Senada , Bushi Fatjona , Gjecka Anxhela
Published: December 2024

In today's world, technology is one of the most significant and debated areas about its application within healthcare systems. Technology holds the potential to revolutionize healthcare by enabling more advanced research on diseases, their causes, and cures. It can make treatment faster, more efficient, cost-effective, and simpler for healthcare professionals to administer. However, the challenges associated with its implementation should not be overlooked. Key concerns include the need for staff training, the potential for technological errors, and issues related to patient data privacy and hacking. This research focuses on the readiness and capacity of the Albanian healthcare system to adopt Big Data technologies. Big Data analytics refers to the process of analyzing large datasets to uncover patterns, trends, and preferences, leading to informed decision-making (Pouyanfar, Yang, Chen, Shyu, & Iyengar, 2018). Although technological tools have been gradually introduced in healthcare, numerous barriers to their full implementation still exist. This study includes a questionnaire distributed to various healthcare system employees in Albania, focusing on the technological innovations implemented, the advantages gained, and the challenges they have encountered. The data collected were analyzed and displayed graphically, resulting in conclusions and recommendations for future research.
 
Received: 18 August 2024 / Accepted: 14 November 2024 / Published: 3 December 2024
Cultural Branding as a Tool for Enhancing Tourism in Albania
Authors: Noti Elton , Zhezha Vaeld , Kola Blerim
Published: December 2024

Cultural branding is a powerful tool for tourism promotion especially for countries with rich heritage and diverse cultural traditions. This study is focused on the concept of cultural branding in Albanian tourism and how effective it is in creating an identity that mainly targets international visitors. The research is based on a qualitative methodology using a case study approach to provide an in depth analysis of cultural branding strategies and their impact on tourism. Data was collected through semi structured interviews with key stakeholders, tourism officials and marketing experts and secondary data from official reports and promotional campaigns. Thematic analysis was used to identify major patterns and how cultural elements, storytelling and community engagement have contributed to creating a unique tourism identity for Albania. Key findings show that using UNESCO World Heritage sites, traditional music, local gastronomy and crafts effectively engages tourists and promotes authentic experiences. But challenges like maintaining cultural integrity and avoiding commercialization were noted. The study highlights the need to balance modern marketing techniques with cultural authenticity. Recommendations are to involve local community and invest in digital storytelling to attract broader audiences and sustain visitor interest.
 
Received:19 August 2024 / Accepted: 18 November 2024 / Published: 3 December 2024
From Physical Stores to Virtual Marketplaces: The Evolution of Shopping
Authors: Tabaku Eda , Duçi Ejona , Lazaj Armira
Published: December 2024

Nowadays, online trade is experiencing significant growth, driven by advancements in technology. Looking at these developments, I can confidently say that e-commerce will become commonplace in the future. This form of commercial consumption eliminates the need to visit physical stores, allowing consumers to explore products online and make informed decisions without leaving their homes. Additionally, online commerce enables businesses to effectively promote their products and reach a broader audience. This paper explores the landscape of e-commerce, examining how it operates, the types of businesses involved, and the sales and profits generated online. To support these findings, the study utilizes both primary and secondary data. Primary data were collected through a survey involving 100 participants, while secondary data were gathered from various sources, including books, websites, and electronic Scientific Journals. Main Purpose of This Study: To highlight the development of E-commerce over the years.; To identify businesses operating in E-commerce. The main objectives of this study will be: To analyze E-commerce businesses and the profits they have made over the years.; To distinguish the features of E-commerce and E-business.; To identify the advantages and disadvantages that E-commerce brings.; To statistically highlight how COVID-19 has impacted E-commerce.
 
Received: 12 September 2024 / Accepted: 10 November 2024 / Published: 3 December 2024
The Reasoning of Judicial Decisions as Principle for a Due Process of Law
Authors: Sava Eleni
Published: December 2024

One of the main principles of the civil procedural law is to reason the court decisions. This principle comes as an obligation of the court and as a right to be familiar with a reasoned decision. The good reasoning of decisions secures transparency and accountability. It addresses to the parties and aims to show them why someone won and why the other part lost, supporting the standard of a due process of law. The reasoning of the court decisions limits the arbitrariness and ensures correctness in making it. A reasoned court decision clearly presents the legal issue relevant to the resolution of the dispute. The judge summarizes the most important facts of the case and explains the legal principles that are aplayed to the specific case. He makes a detailed analysis of the application of legal principles in relation to the facts of the case, where the type of decision-making clearly emerges. But what does a reasoned decision means? Is the provision of the first paragraph of the Article 142 of the Constitution in the Republic of Albania absolute?
 
Received: 2 August 2024 / Accepted: 10 November 2024 / Published: 3 December 2024
AI and Student Engagement: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Gjermeni Frida , Prodani Fatmira
Published: December 2024

This study will investigate in detail about the impact of AI on student engagement by using a comparative analysis of different AI-powered educational technologies. The study focuses on various tools include Knewton, GenAI, Smart Sparrow, DreamBox Learning, Carnegie and other technologies. Secondly, the research examines in detail about the influence of these technologies on student motivation, personalized learning, participation, and overall educational outcomes. For conducting required results, the study employs a quantitative methodology by using surveys for obtaining data on satisfaction, student engagement, and adaptive feedback effectiveness in traditional and AI driven learning environments. Moreover, the results shows that the AI technologies are significantly enhancing engagement level of students particularly with those platforms that are providing personalized learning, real-time feedback, and interactive content. This study also identifies various challenges related to ethical concerns, user interface, accessibility, and concerns like data privacy. The findings are suggesting that AI has the potential to transform education. However, addressing these challenges is also important for ensuring equitable learning experience for the students and teachers.
 
Received: 11 September 2024 / Accepted: 10 November 2024 / Published: 3 December 2024
Promotion of Soft skills in the K-12 Education Curricula: The Case of Virginia State - USA, Portugal and Albania
Authors: Shyti Shqipe
Published: December 2024

Rapid demographic, technological, and labor market developments characterize the 21st century. To succeed in this context, students require skills that help them keep up with the fast changes of the times beyond the knowledge of traditional subjects developed in schools. This study seeks to reinforce the relevance of promoting soft skills in K -12 Education Curricula in three different countries, namely in the states of Virginia - USA, Portugal, and Albania. This study is based on the desk research of the curricula of these three countries to describe the strategies and measures taken for the promotion of soft skills in the education system to extract valuable data for the reforming of the education system and, more specifically, for the improvement of the K-12 curriculum in Albania, considering the challenges of the implementation process regarding the key competencies, which represent a system of knowledge, skills, and behaviors necessary for development, empowerment, and employment of each individual.
 
Received: 24 September 2024 / Accepted: 20 November 2024 / Published: 3 December 2024
Necmeddîn et-Tûfî’nin el-İşârâtü’l-ilâhiyye ile’l-mebâhisi’l-usûliyye Adlı Eserindeki Metodu
Authors: Arpaguş Faysal
Published: December 2024

Bu makalede Necmeddîn et-Tûfî’nin (öl. 716/1316) el-İşârâtü’l-ilâhiyye ile’l-mebâhisi’l-usûliyye’sindeki metodu konu edilmiştir. Söz konusu amacı gerçekleştirebilmek için eserden dört örnek seçilmiştir. Bunlar; usule değinmeksizin âyetten anlaşılan manayı zikretme, âyetin izahında hadise ve bağlama yer verme, içtihat ve müellifin usûl-i dînin büyük kaidesi olarak nitelendirdiği kaderdir. Böyle bir tercihin aslî ve tâlî nedenleri vardır. Eserin kaleme alınmasında müellifin dile getirdiği usul temelli gerekçeyi çalışmaya yansıtabilmek, çalışmanın asıl amacıdır. Bu ise lehte ve aleyhteki delilleri gerekçeleri ile ortaya koymayı zorunlu kılmaktadır. Nitel araştırma veri analiz yönteminin kullanıldığı makalede şu bulgulara ulaşılmıştır: Tûfî’nin beyanına göre usûl-i dinin büyük kaidesi kader, usûl-i fıkhın ise umum ve husustur. Kur’an’ı baştan sona bu iki kaideyi gözeterek izah etme sözüne müellif, eserin sonuna kadar sadık kalmış; ancak her bir âyeti açıklamış değildir. el-İşârât’ın bir tefsir mi yoksa ulûmü’l-Kur’ân’a dair bir eser mi olduğu, onu değerlendirenin bakış açısına göre değişmektedir; çünkü bu, tefsir ve ulûmü’l-Kur’ân tabirlerinin tanımlarıyla alakalıdır. Her ikisine ihtimali olmakla birlikte son tahlilde tefsir olduğu fikri daha ağır basmaktadır.
CAREER COUNSELING WORK AS A MODERN WAY OF THE NUMBER OF STUDENTS FORMING: (ON THE EXAMPLE OF SCIENCE AND STUDY PHILOLOGY AND JOURNALISM INSTITUTE OF V. I. VERNADSKY TAURIDA NATIONAL UNIVERSITY WORK)
Authors: SHARAGINA Olha , DOSENKO Anzhelika , SHEREMET Anna
Published: December 2024

The Purpose of the Study The Purpose of the Study is is to study effective concepts of forming career counseling in scientific and study philology and journalism institute of V. I. Vernadsky Taurida National University. The Research Methodology consisted of a number of methods. Comparative analysis was used to study existing scientific points of view and describe the practical side of the issue; detailing and description carried out measures aimed at improving career guidance work. The Scientific Novelty. The slavic, romance and germanic philology department initiated to establish creative platforms in social media, which became the basis of editorial board of student’s and schoolchildren’s artworks «Taurida’s almanac». Oriental philology department provides career counseling overseas, promoting cross-culture integration of Ukrainian culture in Middle East countries via academic exchanges and mobility. Crimean tatar languages (as academically subject) and general university subjects aims to develop professional skills for the specialists for de-occupatiolan activity. Students takes an active part in art literature Ukrainian and Crimean tatar project, which unites poetic, prosaist and translator’s contest. The Conclusions. Scientific and study philology and journalism institute of V. I. Vernadsky Taurida National University does not focus only on potential applicants from Kyiv, but forms the target audience from all over Ukraine. The university opens it’s doors to students from temporarily occupied Ukrainian territories (Donetsk, Luhansk, southern territories) and Crimea. It is confirmed by number of webinars, online marathons participants from different cities of Ukraine: Kryvyi Rih, Dnipro, Kropyvnytskyy, Poltava, Kharkiv, Khmelnytskyy etc. This format is possible due to online studies conditions, which let widen the event’s geography and enabled holding online meetings
Exploring How Novice Teachers in the UK Leverage Reflective Teaching to Enhance Classroom Assessment Practices
Authors: Whitman Alexander T.
Published: December 2024

Reflective teaching has emerged as a critical practice for enhancing classroom assessment, particularly for novice teachers. This study explores how new educators in the UK leverage reflective practices to improve their assessment methods, ensuring they align with diverse student needs and learning objectives. Drawing on theoretical frameworks such as Schön’s Reflective Practitioner Model and Kolb’s Experiential Learning Cycle, the study highlights the practical approaches that novice teachers adopt, including reflective journaling, peer feedback, and self-assessment. Through case studies and empirical evidence, the research demonstrates the significant impact of reflective teaching on improving assessment accuracy and fostering student engagement. Despite its benefits, reflective teaching is not without challenges. The study also examines common barriers, such as time constraints and lack of guidance, and discusses support mechanisms that can facilitate effective reflective practices. This research underscores the importance of reflective teaching in promoting professional growth and enhancing educational outcomes.
A Study on the Talent Training Program for Inclusive Early Childhood Education — Taking Province G in China as an Example
Authors: Chao Qiuhong
Published: December 2024

Early childhood education is the foundation of basic education, and inclusive early childhood education is an important part of China’s education system. The training and quality of teachers in early childhood education are key to ensuring “efforts to ensure that every child can enjoy fair and quality education.” The training program for early childhood education professionals is a guiding document for the standard and quality of teacher training, the organization of educational teaching, the implementation of the training process, and the certification of student graduation qualifications. A good training program promotes universities to cultivate high-quality professional and innovative teachers, which is beneficial to the development of high-quality inclusive early childhood education. Analyzing 14 texts of training programs for early childhood education teacher education majors in universities, we found that in terms of training objectives, the talent training objectives for “integration education literacy” lack accurate training positioning and characteristics. The setting of inclusive education courses is unreasonable, with an insufficient number of courses, mainly elective courses, few required courses, a narrow range of course offerings, and a teaching format that is more theoretical than practical. The course offering time is relatively concentrated and late, the assessment methods are mainly based on examinations, and the assessment methods are single. Therefore, universities should adjust the talent training objectives, offer a reasonable structure, scope, quantity, and duration of inclusive education courses, improve the course assessment methods, and ensure high-quality pre-service training for inclusive early childhood education teachers.
The Construction of Female Anti-Hero Identities Analyzing the Gender Roles of Eve and Villanelle in Killing Eve
Authors: Eklund H. L.
Published: December 2024

This paper explores the groundbreaking portrayal of female anti-heroes in Killing Eve through an analysis of the gender roles and moral complexities of its central characters, Eve Polastri and Villanelle. The series dismantles traditional archetypes of femininity, replacing them with dynamic, morally ambiguous identities that challenge societal norms and narrative conventions. Eve’s transformation from an unassuming intelligence officer to an ethically flexible anti-heroine parallels Villanelle’s unapologetic embrace of power and chaos, creating a multifaceted narrative that redefines the anti-hero archetype. Their relationship, marked by obsession, attraction, and mutual recognition, transcends conventional tropes, offering a nuanced exploration of identity, power, and agency. By refusing to impose judgment on its characters, Killing Eve elevates female representation, allowing its protagonists to inhabit spaces of complexity and contradiction. This paper argues that the series not only expands the possibilities for female narratives but also disrupts traditional gendered associations with morality, power, and storytelling.
Utilizing geothermal botanical resources: Evaluating antiplanktonic and biofilm inhibitory effects of Jaboi area plant extracts
Authors: Suryawati Suryawati , Salsabila Amanda , Balqisa Sayida Rania , Suardi Hijra Novia , Hertiani Triana , Khairan Khairan , Idroes Rinaldi
Published: December 2024

Context: Biofilm formation exacerbates infections and stimulates antimicrobial resistance, prompting a search for potent antimicrobial agents from diverse sources. Plants in unique environments, such as geothermal areas, offer prospective medicinal benefits due to their resilience against pathogens.
Aims: To investigate the antiplanktonic and antibiofilm activities of five selected endemic plants from the geothermal area in Sabang comprising Hydnophytum formicarum Jack (Rubiaceae), Syzigium myrtifolium Walp (Myrtaceae), Aporosa octandra (Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don) Vickery (Phyllanthaceae), Memecylon coeruleum Jack (Melastomaceae) and Memecylon edule Roxb (Melastomaceae).
Methods: The ethanol extracts were prepared using the maceration method. The identification of phytochemicals was carried out using TLC with specific spraying reagents. The volatile compounds were identified using GC-MS. The evaluation of antiplanktonic and antibiofilm activities was conducted by using the microdilution method against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853.
Results: H. formicarum and M. edule extracts demonstrated the highest antiplanktonic activity against both bacteria. M. edule showed superior ability to prevent biofilm formation in S. aureus, while A. octandra exhibited the highest antibiofilm activity against P. aeruginosa. M. edule showed relatively potent antiplanktonic and antibiofilm activity. The GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of bioactive compounds from saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, phenols, terpenes, furan compounds, and sugars.
Conclusions: M. edule from geothermal areas demonstrated potent antimicrobial activity against S. aureus biofilms and P. aeruginosa, indicating its potential against biofilm-related infections and antimicrobial resistance.
Antiproteinase and Antibacterial Activity of Pueraria phaseoloides Parts Collected from the Ovitrap with Mosquito Larvae
Authors: Blessy P. , Marin E. Grace
Published: December 2024

The globe is progressively turned to find herbal products which are known to be effectual against a wide range of mosquito borne diseases. The present study was aimed to assess the antiproteinase and antibacterial activity of Pueraria phaseoloides plant parts collected from the Ovitrap with mosquito larvae. The antiproteinases are proteins that inhibit protease and modulate immune responses of a living organism. The antiproteinase activity of 6.29 to 92.55 was observed. The Staphylococcus aureus showed minimum inhibition zone of5.1±0.00mm to 37±0.10mm in ethanol extract tested against Bacillus subtilis. The obtained data revealed the anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties of the sample rich in pharmacological worth.
Technological Waitance: Unraveling Passive and Active Actions in the Digital Age
Authors: Boustani Nasim
Published: December 2024

In the fast-paced era of digital communication, technology-mediated communication (TMC) has created remarkable changes in users’ behaviors. Unraveling passive and active behaviors of TMC users, this study investigated the psychological patterns that emerge when individuals rely on technology for outcomes. Adopting Pishghadam’s (2024) “waitance” model, the research explored the TMC users’ psychological patterns during waiting behavior and addresses the complicated involvement of emotional-cognitive processes during the waiting period, especially when one expects others to complete tasks. The paradoxical nature of waitance and technology was delineated, first by describing the waitance period, which encompasses the underlying senses of physical stillness and psychological involvement, and then by discussing the dual nature of technology, which simultaneously facilitates and exacerbates communication. Some discussions of technology users’ passive behaviors emphasized the importance of active involvement. Understanding waitance psychological patterns can inform technology users about their behavior and encourage them to mitigate prolonged periods of waitance.
Estrategia de comercialización de los productos derivados de la semilla calabaza en balancán, Tabasco: un enfoque hacia la economía social
Authors: Rejon Castro Cristina Isabel , Montejo Hernández Marlene , Tass Salinas Nancy , Arcos Juárez Rosa Eva
Published: December 2024

A través de este proyecto se busca incrementar el valor comercial de los productos derivados de la semilla calabaza chihua en la región de los ríos en Tabasco, mediante el desarrollo de estrategias efectivas de comercialización; teniendo presente el enfoque de economía social, que tiene como fin el mejorar la vida económica de las comunidades rurales. La metodología empleada en el estudio fue de tipo cualitativa, con un enfoque no experimental. A través de la exploración en campo y el análisis descriptivo de datos, se entrevistaron a 382 personas para identificar los productos derivados de la semilla de calabaza chihua con mayor aceptación en el mercado. Los resultados mostraron una preferencia destacada por las palanquetas y la semilla de calabaza en sus diversas presentaciones. Como estrategias de comercialización, se propone brindar capacitación y asesoría a los productores, fomentar la creación de cooperativas y redes de apoyo, desarrollar mercados locales, y promover la educación y concientización en la comunidad local. La región enfrenta importantes desafíos comerciales, pero también presenta oportunidades significativas para posicionar nuevas marcas en los mercados estatal y nacional.
Revisión sistemática sobre el impacto de los programas de desarrollo de habilidades blandas en el clima organizacional de Instituciones de Educación Superior (2013 – 2023)
Authors: Verdugo Arcos Ambar Annabelle
Published: December 2024

El clima organizacional es un factor clave en la gestión de instituciones de educación superior, ya que influye directamente en el bienestar y rendimiento del personal académico y administrativo. Esta revisión sistemática analiza los estudios publicados entre 2013 y 2023 para evaluar el impacto de los programas de desarrollo de habilidades blandas en el clima organizacional en este contexto. Se revisaron bases de datos académicos como Scopus y Web of Science, utilizando una estrategia de búsqueda que abarca habilidades blandas, clima organizacional, contexto universitario y programas de desarrollo. Los resultados indican que las intervenciones enfocadas en habilidades de comunicación, liderazgo e inteligencia emocional mejoran la colaboración, aumentan la satisfacción laboral y reducen el estrés. Además, se observa una relación positiva entre las habilidades de liderazgo y la capacidad de innovación. Se concluye que estos programas tienen un impacto significativo en la creación de un entorno organizacional positivo, lo que sugiere su relevancia estratégica para las políticas de gestión educativa.