bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Methane and ethane emission quantifications from onshore oil and gas sites in Romania, using a tracer gas dispersion method
Authors: Delre Antonio , Hensen Arjan , Velzeboer Ilona , van den Bulk Pim , Edjabou Maklawe Essonanawe , Scheutz Charlotte
Published: June 2022

Site-specific methane (CH4) and ethane (C2H6) emission rates from the onshore oil and gas (O&G) sector in Romania were quantified, using the mobile tracer gas dispersion method. As part of the coordinated Romanian Methane Emission from Oil & Gas measurement campaign, this study supported the investigation of CH4 emissions from the O&G sector around Bucharest. CH4 emission rates measured at 200 O&G sites were highly skewed with a heavy tail and described by a CH4 emission factor (EF) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) equal to 0.53 [0.32; 0.79] kg h–1 site–1. Of the investigated sites, 53% showed CH4 emission rates below 1 kg h–1, whereas only 6% had emission rates higher than 80 kg h–1, with the highest being equal to 297 kg h–1. CH4 emission rates from oil wells were not correlated to CH4 production rates but were negatively correlated to the amount of wastewater produced. C2H6 emissions were investigated from 95 O&G sites, the emission rates of which were highly skewed with a heavy tail and described by a C2H6 EF with a 95% CI equal to 0.07 [0.04; 0.13] kg h–1 site–1. Almost 80% of the investigated sites showed C2H6 emission rates below 1 kg h–1, and 7% of them had emission rates higher than 9 kg h–1, with the highest being equal to 78 kg h–1. CH4 emission rates and EFs representing specific types of sites and geographical regions are provided in the manuscript. In terms of magnitude and distribution, these results are in line with published results from measurements at O&G sites in North America, and a natural gas field in the Netherlands. The CH4 EF calculated in this study is close to the lower range of the majority of values in the literature, whereas C2H6 EF is the lowest among the literature values. The study also provided site-specific C2H6-to-CH4 molar ratios in different regions around Bucharest.
Novel inflammatory biomarkers in thyroid eye disease
Authors: Ueland Hans Olav , Ueland Grethe Åstrøm , Løvås Kristian , Breivk Lars Ertesvåg , Thrane Alexander Stanley , Meling Stokland Ann-Elin , Rødahl Eyvind , Husebye Eystein Sverre
Published: June 2022

Purpose

The aim of this study is to identify biochemical inflammatory markers predicting the presence or risk of developing thyroid eye disease (TED) in patients with Graves' disease (GD).

Methods

Patients with GD (n = 100, 77 females) were included from the National Norwegian Registry of Organ-Specific Diseases. Serum samples were analysed for 92 different inflammatory biomarkers using the proximity extension assay. Biomarker levels were compared between groups of patients with and without TED and healthy subjects (HS) (n = 120).

Results

TED was found in 36 of 100 GD patients. Significant (P < 0.05) differences in the levels of 52 inflammatory biomarkers were found when GD patients and HS were compared (42 elevated and 10 decreased). Out of the 42 elevated biomarkers, a significantly higher serum level of interleukin-6 (IL6) (P = 0.022) and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (CSF1) (P = 0.015) were found in patients with TED compared to patients without TED. Patients with severe TED also had significantly elevated levels of Fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (FLT3LG) (P = 0.009). Furthermore, fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) was significantly increased (P = 0.008) in patients with GD who had no signs of TED at baseline but developed TED later.

Conclusion

We demonstrate an immunologic fingerprint of GD, as serum levels of several inflammation-related proteins were elevated, while others were decreased. Distinctly increased levels of IL6, CSF1, FLT3LG, and FGF21 were observed in TED, suggesting that these inflammatory proteins could be important in the pathogenesis, and therefore potential new biomarkers for clinical use.
Krasnoselskii iteration process for approximating fixed points of enriched generalized nonexpansive mappings in Banach spaces
Authors: Simsek E. , Yildirim I.
Published: June 2022

We consider the class of enriched generalized nonexpansive mappings which includes enriched Kannan mappings, nonexpansive enriched Chatterjea mappings and enriched mappings. We prove some fixed point theorems for enriched generalized nonexpansive mappings using Krasnoselskii iteration process in Banach spaces. We also give stability result for such mappings under some appropriate conditions. The results presented in this paper improve and extend some works in literature.
Household water consumption on the outskirts of Mexico City
Authors: Novelo Jorge A Morales- , Medina-Rivas Carolina Massiel , Tapia Lilia Rodríguez- , Fernandez Daniel A Revollo-
Published: June 2022

This research paper sets out to identify if household water inequality consumption in Mexico City is expressed itself in a spatial distribution pattern. The methodology is based on spatial data analysis performed on Geoda software. Data were obtained from the city’s water operating agency for 2019. The results reveal that exist a household water consumption’ spatial pattern: households located in the central-western area register a high consumption of water, while those in peripheral areas of the southern and southeastern register a lower consumption. This pattern confirms that water consumption increases as households move from the poorest periphery to the central area of the city. These findings suggest the urgency of the city’s public water utility to adopt strategies to reduce discrimination in the poorest areas. Thus, this research contributes to closing the information gaps on inequality water consumption in cities in developing countries.
Ion-photon emission from titanium target under ion beam sputtering
Authors:   Laboratory of Materials, Energy, and Environment, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco, Jadoual L. , Afkir A. , El Boujlaidi A. , El Fqih M. Ait , Jourdani R. , Kaddouri A. ,   Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence & Complex Systems Engineering, ENSAM, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
Published: June 2022

Ion photon emission in the wavelength range of 280 - 420 nm resulting from 5 Kr+ ion beam sputtering from titanium in the presence and the absence of oxygen was studied experimentally. The observed spectra consist of a series of discrete lines superimposed with a broadband continuum. Discrete lines are attributed to excited neutral Ti I and excited ions Ti II. The differences in the observed intensities of spectral lines are discussed in terms of the electron-transfer processes between the excited sputtered atom and electronic levels of the solid. The radiative dissociation process and breaking of chemical bonds seem to contribute to the enhancement of emitted photons intensity. Continuum radiation was observed and is very probably related to the electronic structure of titanium. The collective deactivation of 3d-shell electrons appears to play a role in the emission of this radiation.
Building Inclusive Work Environments
Authors: Adjo Janine , Maybank Aletha , Prakash Vidhya
Published: June 2022

A truly inclusive organization cultivates a sense of belonging and value in its members, realizing their contributions are vital to its success. Acknowledging and then dismantling exclusionary systems and policies are essential to creating environments grounded in diversity and equity. This process requires intentionality, accountability, and swift action on the part of leadership. Additionally, the role of organizational accountability, through tracking performance metrics, gauging employee satisfaction and engagement, and routinely assessing identified goals and objectives, is critical to sustaining inclusivity. In this article, we present a review of the literature and offers recommendations to build and sustain an inclusive environment.
Cross-Sector Approach Expands Screening and Addresses Health-Related Social Needs in Primary Care
Authors: Arbour Mary Catherine , Floyd Baraka , Morton Samantha , Hampton Patsy , Sims Jennifer Murphy , Doyle Stephanie , Atwood Sidney , Sege Robert
Published: June 2022

OBJECTIVES

During infancy, the American Academy of Pediatrics Bright Futures fourth edition health supervision guidelines recommend frequent well-child visits (WCVs) in which providers are expected to screen for and address maternal depression, intimate partner violence (IPV), and health-related social needs (HRSN). We spread an evidence-based approach that implements these recommendations (Developmental Understanding and Legal Collaboration for Everyone; DULCE) with 3 aims for 6-month-old infants and their families: 75% receive all WCVs on time, 95% are screened for 7 HRSNs, and 90% of families with concrete supports needs and 75% of families with maternal depression or IPV receive support.

METHODS

Between January 2017 and July 2018, five DULCE teams (including a community health worker, early childhood system representative, legal partner, clinic administrator, pediatric and behavioral health clinicians) from 3 communities in 2 states participated in a learning collaborative. Teams adapted DULCE using Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles, reported data, and shared learning monthly. Run charts were used to study measures. The main outcome was the percent of infants that received all WCVs on time.

RESULTS

The percentage of families who completed all WCVs on time increased from 46% to 65%. More than 95% of families were screened for HRSNs, 70% had ≤1 positive screen, and 86% and 71% of those received resource information for concrete supports and maternal depression and IPV, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

Quality improvement–supported DULCE expansion increased by 50% the proportion of infants receiving all WCVs on time and reliably identified and addressed families’ HRSNs, via integration of existing resources.
Eliminating Race-Based Medicine
Authors: Wright Joseph L. , Davis Wendy S. , Joseph Madeline M. , Ellison Angela M. , Heard-Garris Nia J. , Johnson Tiffani L.
Published: June 2022

This is a prepublication version of an article that has been peer-reviewed and accepted for publication, but it is not the final version of record. On May 2, 2022, an early version of this AAP Policy Statement was published in Pediatrics. The American Academy of Pediatrics, its editors, and writers are not liable for any incorrect information or data contained in this early version. The final version will be published in Pediatrics in summer 2022.
Mobilizing Established School Partnerships to Reach Underserved Children During a Global Pandemic
Authors: Ko Linda K. , Tingey Lauren , Ramirez Magaly , Pablo Elliott , Grass Ryan , Larzelere Francene , Cisneros Oralia , Chu Helen Y. , D’Agostino Emily M.
Published: June 2022

The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has led to drastic public health measures, including school closures to slow the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. Reopening educational settings by using diagnostic testing approaches in schools can help accelerate the safe return of students and staff to on-site learning by quickly and accurately identifying cases, limiting the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, and ultimately preventing unnecessary school and work absenteeism. Although the National Institutes of Health has identified community partnerships as the foundation for reducing health disparities, we found limited application of a community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach in school engagement. Guided by the CBPR conceptual model, we provide case studies of 2 established and long-standing school-academic partnerships built on CBPR processes and practices that have served as a research infrastructure to reach underserved children and families during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. The process described in this article can serve as an initial platform to continue to build capacity toward increasing health equity.
High burden of ESBL- producing Klebsiella spp., Proteus mirabilis, Enterobacter cloacae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in diagnosed cases of urinary tract infection in a Nigerian Teaching Hospital
Authors: Adekanmbi Abimbola Olumide , Akinlabi Olabisi Comfort , Usidamen Sandra , Olaposi Adedolapo Victoria , Olaniyan Adeola Boluwatife
Published: June 2022

Infections of the urinary tract have been on the rise globally and these are also worsened by the increasing rate of antibiotic resistance in uropathogens. This study aimed to determine the susceptibility profile of extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)- producing uropathogens to selected antibiotics and their carriage of ESBL genes. Bacterial uropathogens were obtained from the urine bench of a Microbiology laboratory in a Teaching Hospital in South-West Nigeria. Susceptibility to antibiotics was tested using the disc diffusion method, while detection of ESBL production was done using the double disc synergy test (DDST). Detection of ESBL genes was performed by PCR. A total of 21 ESBL- producing uropathogens were obtained namely: Klebsiella pneumoniae (11), Klebsiella oxytoca (6), Proteus mirabilis (2), Enterobacter cloacae (1) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1). The resistance to antibiotics in the uropathogens was: imipenem (0%), gentamicin (38.1%), sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (52.4%), amoxicillin-clavulanate (61.9%), aztreonam (66.7%), ceftazidime (66.7%), tetracycline (90.5%), cefpodoxime (100%) and cefotaxime (100%). Altogether, 90.5% (19/21) of the isolates were multidrug resistant (MDR). Of the 21 uropathogens, 61.9% (13/21) carried bla
CTX-M, 52.4% (11/21) carried bla
TEM while bla
SHV was detected in 47.6% (10/21) of the isolates. There was co-carriage of ESBL genes in 12 uropathogens. This study showed a high prevalence of multidrug resistance and a high carriage of ESBL genes in the ESBL- producing isolates obtained over the study period. There is a need for a review of antibiotic options in the treatment of UTI to clamp down on the ever-increasing tide of antibiotic resistance in uropathogens.
Political advertising on social media: Issues sponsored on Facebook ads during the 2019 General Elections in Spain
Authors: Baviera Tomás , Sánchez-Junqueras Javier , Rosso Paolo
Published: June 2022

Facebook’s advertising platform provides political parties with an electoral tool that enables them to reach an extremely detailed audience. Unlike television, the sponsored content on Facebook is seen only by the targeted users. This opacity was an obstacle to political communications research until Facebook released advertiser-sponsored content in 2018. The company’s new transparent policy included sharing metadata related to the cost and number of impressions the ads received. This research studies the content sponsored on Facebook by the five main national political parties in Spain during the two General Elections held in 2019. The research corpus consists of 14,684 Facebook ads. An extraction algorithm detected the key terms in the text-based messages conveyed in the ad. The prominence of these topics was estimated from the aggregate number of impressions accumulated by each term. Different content patterns were assessed following three categories: user mobilization, candidate presence, and ideological issues. PSOE and PP positioned themselves more toward calls to action. Podemos had the greater number of issues related to policy among the most salient topics in its advertising. Ciudadanos’ strategy focused more on its candidate and mobilization. Vox sponsored few Facebook ads, and they barely included policy issues. Spain was a highly prominent term in all parties’ campaigns. Ciudadanos shared the middle ground on the ideological axis: they promoted social issues more aligned with left-wing parties as well as economic topics usually advocated by the right-wing. Overall, our results point to a greater emphasis on candidates rather than issues.
The Non-Verbal Communication of Santiago Abascal, President of VOX
Authors: Fernández-Hoya Gema , Cáceres-Zapatero María-Dolores
Published: June 2022

This article analyzes Santiago Abascal’s non-verbal communication, exploring the development of his communication skills, thus adding to heretofore limited research on non-verbal expression and political communication by providing empirical evidence from the field. Content analysis has been carried out on the basis of a quantitative systematization of non-verbal communication, encompassing kinesic, prosodic and proxemic aspects. The corpus of study comprises 24 audiovisual documents, representative examples of Abascal’s public communication actions between the years 2014 and 2021, to which a tailormade frame of reference has been applied. Our findings show that Abascal’s communication skills have progressed and improved during that time period, and may now be defined as evincing notable intra-systemic and inter-systemic coherence in verbal, kinesic and paralinguistic language, which enables more effective and persuasive communication; a clear, precise and constant gestural style that amplifies the persuasive impact of his discourse; the use of consistent expressive signals interpreted by his audience as markers of credibility; and a mode of non-verbal expression that is emphatic and vehement, which underpins the meaning of the message, enables emotional connection, and fosters effective communication as a form of spectacle. The conclusion drawn here is that the Abascal’s development in expressive communication may be one contributing factor, among others, that has led to the rise of his political party, VOX.
Estratégias organizacionais no centro cirúrgico diante da pandemia de COVID 19: uma revisão integrativa
Authors:   Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira, de Souza Maciel Ferreira José Erivelton , Rocha de Oliveira Lídia ,   Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira, Galvão Pereira Karoline ,   Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira, Marques Frota Natasha ,   Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira, Frota Cavalcante Tahissa ,   Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira, Santos Monte Alana ,   Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira, Lopes Chaves Anne Fayma ,   Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira
Published: June 2022

Introdução: os sistemas de saúde foram desafiados a desenvolver estratégias organizacionais para a prestação de cuidados cirúrgicos. Objetivo: apresentar as estratégias dos serviços de saúde no que se refere às práticas de cuidados cirúrgicos em tempos de pandemia de COVID-19. Materiais e métodos: revisão integrativa, desenvolvida em seis etapas, cuja busca dos artigos ocorreu na Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde, SciELO, PubMed e ScienceDirect. Os descritores controlados em saúde adotados foram “Centros Cirúrgicos” e “Infecções por Coronavírus”, de acordo com os sistemas DeCS e MeSH Terms. Foram selecionados 60 artigos de 405 estudos encontrados. Resultados: as principais estratégias utilizadas pelos serviços de saúde foram: a suspensão e adiamento de cirurgias eletivas durante as ondas de contágio da doença; e a triagem cuidadosa dos pacientes para COVID-19 antes e após intervenções cirúrgicas. Discussão: a suspensão e o adiamento de cirurgias eletivas devem ser avaliados com cautela pela equipe de saúde, de forma individualizada, para cada paciente, visto que situações clínicas não urgentes podem agravar ao longo do tempo, aumentando as chances de morbimortalidade desses pacientes. Conclusão: a triagem dos pacientes e dos profissionais da saúde para COVID-19 são estratégias importantes para evitar a contaminação desses sujeitos. A suspensão e o adiamento de cirurgias eletivas, durante as ondas de contágio por COVID-19, são recomendados para aumentar a capacidade de leitos disponíveis para pacientes graves hospitalizados por essa doença. Essa recomendação também auxilia no remanejamento de profissionais desse setor para as unidades com a demanda de cuidados de saúde mais elevada.
Evaluation of mobile emergency service with the use of mixed method
Authors: Oliveira Catia Cristina Martins de , Santos José Luis Guedes dos , Novaes Hillegonda Maria Dutilh
Published: June 2022

This is an evaluative study, with sequential explanatory mixed methods, aimed at evaluating the performance of the Brazilian Mobile Emergency Medical Service (SAMU) in the Grande ABC region, located in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. In the quantitative approach, an analysis of interrupted time series was performed to evaluate the immediate and gradual effects of the SAMU on hospital mortality due to acute myocardial infarction. The qualitative approach was conducted via semi-structured interviews and a thematic analysis was applied for the interpretation of the results, exploring the attitudes and values of the interviewees regarding the performance of SAMU in the Grande ABC region. Interrupted time series analysis showed a -0.04% reduction in the underlying mortality rate since SAMU implementation (95%CI: -0.0816; -0.0162; p-value = 0.0040) and a reduction in the mortality level, -2.89 (95%CI: -4.3293; -1.4623; p-value = 0.0001), both with statistical significance. To improve the robustness of the results, a control region was used, showing a statistically significant difference in the post-intervention result of -0.0639 (95%CI: -0.1060; -0.0219; p-value = 0.0001). The interviews revealed that the SAMU has the potential to intervene in the prognosis of transported cases, however, challenges related to the availability of beds, expansion of telemedicine, and continuous training of professionals for qualified emergency care in the event of a heart attack must be overcome. The results indicate that the studied intervention is part of a set of factors that, together, generate more conditions to achieve a better result.
High dietary calcium intake and low adiposity: findings from a longitudinal study in Brazilian adolescents
Authors: Moraes Anelise Bezerra de Vasconcelos de , Veiga Glória Valéria de , Azeredo Vilma Blondet de , Sichieri Rosely , Pereira Rosangela Alves
Published: June 2022

Epidemiological studies have supported the hypothesis that dietary calcium intake is protective for adiposity. This study aimed to estimate the association of dietary calcium with adiposity indicators during adolescence. This is a cohort study with high school adolescents (n = 962) from selected schools of the Metropolitan Region of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, which were followed from 2010 to 2012. Calcium intake was assessed by a validated self-reported food frequency questionnaire. Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses of dietary calcium intake were performed regarding body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), body fat percentage (%BF), fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), fat mass index (FMI), and fat-free mass index (FFMI). The analysis of variance was used for cross-sectional analysis with baseline data and linear mixed models applied to assess changes across the follow-up. At baseline, BMI, %BF, fat mass, and FMI (p for trend < 0.05) had lower means at the highest quintile of calcium intake whereas FFM and FFMI had higher means (p for trend < 0.05), especially for boys. During follow-up, boys had decreased FMI at the 4th and 5th quintiles of calcium intake (p < 0.05); among girls, only WC was significantly lower at the 4th quintile than in the 1st. These results support the hypothesis that low calcium intake increases adiposity among adolescents.
Prevalência de anticorpos contra SARS-CoV-2 em Mato Grosso, Brasil: pesquisa de base populacional
Authors: Oliveira Elaine Cristina de , Terças-Trettel Ana Cláudia Pereira , Andrade Amanda Cristina de Souza , Muraro Ana Paula , Santos Emerson Soares dos , Espinosa Mariano Martinez , Musis Carlo Ralph De
Published: June 2022

Dados de soroprevalência oferecem informações relevantes relacionadas ao desenvolvimento e progressão de pandemia da COVID-19. Estimar a prevalência de anticorpos anti-SARS-CoV-2 em Mato Grosso, Brasil e sua distribuição segundo características sociodemográficas e econômicas. Inquérito soroepidemiológico de base populacional conduzido entre setembro e outubro de 2020, com indivíduos de 18 anos ou mais de idade, em dez municípios do Estado de Mato Grosso. As entrevistas e coleta de material biológico foram realizadas em domicílio, e a determinação de anticorpos IgG contra o SARS-CoV-2 foi feita por meio da quimioluminescência. Foram 4.306 indivíduos avaliados, e a prevalência de COVID-19 foi estimada em 12,5% (IC95%: 10,5; 14,7), variando de 7,4% a 24,3% entre os municípios. Não foram verificadas diferenças na prevalência da infecção segundo raça/cor da pele, escolaridade ou renda familiar, entretanto verificou-se menor prevalência entre indivíduos que residiam com algum morador que recebia aposentadoria, que não receberam auxílio financeiro emergencial e que a renda familiar não diminuiu após as medidas de distanciamento social para enfrentamento da epidemia. A prevalência de anticorpos contra SARS-CoV-2 estimada nesta pesquisa de base populacional é essencial para conhecer a magnitude da doença no estado e subsidiará ações de combate e controle da pandemia.
Prevalências e desigualdades no acesso aos medicamentos por usuários do Sistema Único de Saúde no Brasil em 2013 e 2019
Authors: Boing Alexandra Crispim , Andrade Fabiola Bof de , Bertoldi Andréa Dâmaso , Peres Karen Glazer de Anselmo , Massuda Adriano , Boing Antonio Fernando
Published: June 2022

O objetivo do estudo foi analisar e comparar a prevalência, a forma de obtenção e os fatores associados ao acesso a medicamentos entre usuários do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) no Brasil. Foram analisados os dados das edições 2013 e 2019 da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde, estudo de abrangência nacional e representativo da população brasileira. Os desfechos foram: (1) a obtenção total, por meio do SUS, dos medicamentos prescritos em atendimentos em saúde realizados no próprio SUS nas duas semanas anteriores à entrevista, e (2) a obtenção total dos medicamentos independentemente da fonte. Características demográficas e socioeconômicas foram incluídas como variáveis independentes. Em 2019, observou-se que 29,7% dos entrevistados obtiveram no SUS todos os medicamentos prescritos, que 81,8% tiveram acesso total aos medicamentos quando consideradas todas as fontes de obtenção e que 56,4% pagaram algum valor pelos medicamentos. A proporção de pessoas que não obtiveram nenhum medicamento no SUS e que efetuaram algum desembolso direto aumentou entre 2013 e 2019. A probabilidade de obter todos os medicamentos no SUS foi maior entre os mais pobres, e de consegui-los, independentemente da fonte, foi maior entre os mais ricos. Dentre as pessoas que não conseguiram acesso a todos os medicamentos, aproximadamente duas em cada três indicaram como principal motivo dificuldades de obtenção encontradas em serviços financiados pelo setor público. Verificou-se ampliação do desembolso direto para compra de medicamentos no Brasil e redução de acesso pelo SUS entre usuários do sistema.
Gasto total dos municípios em atenção primária à saúde no Brasil: um método para ajuste da despesa declarada de 2015 a 2020
Authors: Vieira Fabiola Sulpino , Almeida Aléssio Tony Cavalcanti de , Servo Luciana Mendes Santos , Benevides Rodrigo Pucci de Sá e
Published: June 2022

Nos últimos anos, o interesse no gasto em atenção primária à saúde (APS) cresceu em virtude de uma série de reformas realizadas na sua organização e financiamento. Dados sobre esses e outros gastos são declarados por subfunções pelos gestores da saúde por meio do Sistema de Informações sobre Orçamentos Públicos em Saúde (SIOPS). No orçamento público, as subfunções detalham em que área de despesa a ação governamental foi realizada. Contudo há problemas na informação por subfunções, sendo comum que os gastos em áreas finalísticas, como a APS, sejam subestimados, se considerados apenas os registros da subfunção específica. Assim, o objetivo deste artigo é propor um método para ajuste do gasto total de 2015 a 2020 de cada município, em atenção primária, que permita a produção de bases de dados ajustadas a serem utilizadas em estudos sobre o financiamento da APS no Brasil. Para tanto, uma investigação baseada em dados de execução orçamentário-financeira em ações e serviços públicos de saúde (ASPS) foi realizada para a produção de um quadro metodológico, sendo observadas as seguintes etapas: (i) identificação dos dados; (ii) desenvolvimento; e (iii) validação do quadro metodológico. O quadro metodológico foi produzido e testado, confirmando-se a validade do método proposto para ajuste da despesa declarada em APS no período de 2015 a 2020. Caso o ajuste não tivesse sido realizado, a despesa em APS teria sido subestimada em R$ 11,4 bilhões em 2015 e R$ 9,6 bilhões em 2020 (a preços correntes), o que corresponde a um percentual de subestimação de 19,8% e 12,6%, respectivamente.
The effect of kefir consumption on the lipid profile for individuals with normal and dyslipidemic properties: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: YILMAZ Ilkay , ARSLAN Bahattin
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT Objective This research was conducted as a prospective, self-controlled, eight-week clinical trial to investigate the effect of kefir consumption on the lipid profile of individuals with normal and dyslipidemic properties. Methods Kefir microorganisms given to volunteer subjects were determined using classical microbial count methods and qReal-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction. The study was carried out with 23 volunteer hospital health personnel between the ages of 20 and 55 who met the research criteria and did not have any health problems. The volunteers regularly consumed kefir on an empty stomach for four weeks. In the last stage, the eight-week study was completed by making blood and anthropometric measurements of the subjects, who continued to be studied without kefir consumption for four more weeks. Results Considering the changes in the serum lipid profiles of 13 individuals with dyslipidemic symptoms during the 4-week period they consumed kefir, Total Cholesterol values decreased by 9.15% compared to initial values, LDL-Cholesterol values decreased by 10.64%, HDL-Cholesterol values decreased by 6.9%, and triglyceride values decreased by 2.46%. The changes in the serum lipid profiles of 13 individuals with dyslipidemic findings at the end of an eight-week study were a 5.71% decrease in total cholesterol values (p<0.018) considered statistically significant, as well as a 5.31% decrease in LDL-Cholesterol values (p<0.021); the HDL-Cholesterol results were found to be significant with an 8.58% decrease in the values (p<0.035) and insignificant with a 17.21% increase in the triglyceride values (p<0.926). We concluded that regular kefir consumption was effective in both women and men in lowering total cholesterol and LDL-Cholesterol from blood lipid profiles, especially in individuals with dyslipidemic symptoms, while this effect was not observed in normal individuals. Conclusion Kefir can positively affect the total cholesterol and LDL-Cholesterol blood parameters of dyslipidemic individuals with high serum lipid values.
The importance of ideas in institutional change and political processes
Authors: Millán René
Published: June 2022

This article aims to show the crucial role that ideas play in institutional change, the formation of public policies, and actors’ grouping and orientation. These scenarios involve processes of creation of ideas and discourses, of disputes over the solution to problems and the legitimation or not of decisions. The role of ideas depends on our conception of their relationships with institutions, interests, and actors, and of the determinants of the changes we appreciate. The assumption promoted by rational choice that they are instrumental means of interests limits the understanding of the complexity of political processes. To vindicate the role of ideas, the article analyzes: various schools and authors based on the conceptual tension between interest and institutions; the relationship between ideas, political changes, and coalitions; and the role of discourse concerning them.
O jogo das nominatas nas eleições municipais do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Vilarouca Marcio Grijó , Freire Américo Oscar Guichard , Guedon Philippe Chaves
Published: June 2022

O presente artigo investiga os processos informais de recrutamento e seleção de candidatos a vereador na cidade do Rio de Janeiro com base em entrevistas com lideranças partidárias e por meio da análise complementar de dados sobre coligações, votos e financiamento de campanha. A partir do exame prévio dos incentivos do sistema eleitoral e das dinâmicas intrapartidárias locais, exploramos as estratégias utilizadas pelas lideranças para compor e hierarquizar as chapas eleitorais, partindo do pressuposto de que ideologia e presença de diretórios permanentes (ou de comissões provisórias) têm impactos no grau de inclusividade dos selectorates e nas estratégias de recrutamento. Em termos alegóricos, o jogo das nominatas representaria o processo informal de competição e cooperação entre os agentes políticos durante o interregno pré-eleitoral com vista a obter representação parlamentar.
A transparência do Executivo Federal brasileiro: uma comparação entre os governos Dilma Rousseff e Jair Bolsonaro
Authors: Almada Maria Paula , Amorim Paula Karini , Pinho Maria Dominguez C. , Silva Claudia Regina de Sousa e
Published: June 2022

O presente artigo tem como objetivo comparar a transparência online das contas públicas nos portais do governo brasileiro durante as gestões de Dilma Rousseff e Jair Bolsonaro. Considerando que as agendas e políticas adotadas pelos diferentes governos podem refletir na transparência, nossa hipótese é a de que o nível da transparência online do governo Dilma Rousseff é maior que o do governo Jair Bolsonaro. Aplicou-se, em 2016 e em 2020, uma metodologia de pesquisa voltada para a análise qualitativa, quantitativa e comparativa da transparência online das contas públicas. O estudo revelou que, na gestão Rousseff, o nível de transparência do Executivo brasileiro foi considerado avançado (97%), ao passo que, durante o governo Bolsonaro, esse nível de transparência brasileiro é moderado (73%). Os resultados são discutidos a partir de fatores contextuais e normativos brasileiros.
El tribalismo digital, entre la furia y la farsa: pinchemos la burbuja de la polarización artificial en internet
Authors: Zafrilla Pedro Jesús Pérez
Published: June 2022

En los últimos años ha crecido la preocupación en la opinión pública sobre la polarización política. Algunos autores señalan internet y las redes sociales como una causa de esa polarización. En ese contexto, este artículo aborda los diferentes usos que los sujetos hacen de internet y que dan lugar a distintas formas de polarización. El artículo parte de la revisión bibliográfica sobre las bases neuropsicológicas del comportamiento político y la naturaleza de la polarización política. Sobre este fundamento, el artículo presenta las formas en que tiene lugar la polarización en internet, así como los supuestos morales y epistémicos de la polarización política. Frente a estas formas de polarización, el artículo desarolla el concepto de polarización artificial . Este concepto pretende explicar cómo los usos expresivos de la red generan una percepción errónea de polarización entre los usuarios. Ejemplos de polarización artificial son los discursos incendiarios, los linchamientos virtuales o el exhibicionismo moral. Como resultado, el artículo presenta algunas indicaciones para desactivar los procesos de polarización artificial y construir un ambiente más sosegado en la red.
Online physical exercise and the neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with dementia: a cross-sectional study during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Nora Caroline Dalla , Lima Juliana Dias de , Teixeira Ivan Abdalla , Silva Felipe de Oliveira , Almeida Júlia Silva de , Monteiro Fernanda Castro , Marinho Valeska , Dourado Marcia Cristina Nascimento , Deslandes Andrea Camaz
Published: June 2022

Social isolation is necessary during the COVID-19 pandemic but can be harmful to mental health, especially in people with neurocognitive disorders. Although physical exercise can alleviate neuropsychiatric symptoms and improve quality of life (QoL), sedentary behavior increased during the pandemic. Online interventions can contribute to improving physical activity and mental health. Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the neuropsychiatric symptoms and QoL of older adults with neurocognitive disorders who participated in an online physical exercise program with sedentary patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods:In this cross-sectional study, 25 older patients with neurocognitive disorders (control group=11; online exercise group=14) were evaluated based on Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) and the Quality of Life in Alzheimer’s Disease (QoL-AD) scale. Results:There were differences between the two groups in the total NPI (U=36.50, p=0.025) and the nighttime behavior disturbances item (U=38.00, p=0.033), both with large effect sizes (ES=-1.03, 95% confidence interval [CI]:-1.83 to -0.16 and ES=-1.06, 95%CI -1.86 to -0.19, respectively). In terms of QoL-AD, a difference was identified only in the memory subitem (U=20.00, p=0.005), with a large ES (1.59, 95%CI 0.59-2.48). Conclusions:Older adults with neurocognitive disorders who participated in an online physical exercise program, during the COVID-19 pandemic, showed fewer neuropsychiatric total symptoms, fewer nighttime disturbances episodes, and better subjective memory, compared to their physically inactive counterparts. Randomized controlled trials should be performed to better understand the effect of physical exercise in neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia patients during periods of social isolation.
Biofeedback eletromiográfico e feedback visual na terapia miofuncional: perfil de uso pelos fonoaudiólogos
Authors: Corrêa Mariana da Silva , Busanello-Stella Angela Ruviaro
Published: June 2022

RESUMO Objetivo: identificar o perfil de uso do espelho e do Biofeedback Eletromiográfico como suporte à terapia miofuncional por Fonoaudiólogos atuantes na área de Motricidade Orofacial no Brasil. Métodos: estudo quantitativo e transversal, por meio da aplicação de questionário online (plataforma SurveyMonkey). O questionário foi estruturado com perguntas sobre o uso do espelho e/ou do Biofeedback Eletromiográfico. Foi realizada análise descritiva e aplicação dos Testes U de Mann-Whitney e Qui-quadrado (p<0,05). Resultados: a maioria dos profissionais, 23 (82,14%), utiliza o espelho, enquanto apenas cinco (17,85%) utilizam o biofeedback eletromiográfico. O Biofeedback Eletromiográfico é eventualmente utilizado em todas as faixas etárias, assim como para as funções de mastigação, deglutição e mímica facial. As patologias referidas com uso regular e eventual foram a disfagia e a paralisia facial. Houve associação significante na percepção dos pacientes em relação ao uso de algum dos instrumentos, porém no grupo do Biofeedback Eletromiográfico houve consenso entre os pacientes e, no grupo espelho, aproximadamente metade 12 (52,17%) achou indiferente. Conclusão: o perfil encontrado foi de profissionais adultos jovens, com uso de instrumentação nacional. Os achados reforçam a necessidade de pesquisas voltadas aos procedimentos terapêuticos complementares na área de Motricidade Orofacial, sobretudo Biofeedback Eletromiográfico.
Social participation as a possible way forward for social and occupational justice
Authors: Silva Ana Cristina Cardoso da , Oliver Fátima Corrêa
Published: June 2022

Abstract Introduction Social justice, occupational justice, and social participation are terms used by occupational therapists and occupational scientists to guide, build, and inform their practices, professional training, research, and theoretical productions. Objective To identify and reflect on the possibilities, limits, and challenges of Brazilian occupational therapists' practice in the search for social participation and how this may or may not contribute to the construction of social and occupational justice. Method Through a collaborative methodology, academics, and assistance occupational therapists, working in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, were invited to answer a questionnaire. This instrument characterized the collaborators, and their work in teaching, research, and assistance, and identified how they discuss and carry out social participation in the theoretical and practical fields. Results The 65 collaborators were inserted in public, private and philanthropic institutions, in different fields of knowledge and practice, and developed work and studies with/for various populations with specific demands and needs. They described different possibilities of social participation, some of an individual nature, focused on the subject and functionality, and others oriented towards and from the collective. The limits and challenges were related to work institutions, individual, collective, and structural aspects, and the field of knowledge and practice of occupational therapy. Conclusion Based on the experiences of the collaborators and the professionals' understanding of social participation, it is considered that this may be a theoretical, conceptual, and practical path to reflect on and seek occupational and social justice with individuals, groups, and communities.
Occupational repercussions in people with end-stage chronic kidney disease who attend hemodialysis: an occupational justice framework
Authors: Cárdenas-Cárdenas Natacha , Miranda-Catalan Maria Ignacia , Obando-Conejeros Constanza , Rosales-González Javiera , Carrasco-Madariaga Jimena
Published: June 2022

Abstract Objective To know the occupational repercussions caused by hemodialysis treatment in people suffering from Terminal Chronic Kidney Disease and how public policies in Chile, specifically, Explicit Health Guarantees address the needs of this population. Method Environmental observation guidelines, field notes, and semi-structured interviews with users and professionals who work in the Hemodialysis Unit of the Hospital Base de Valdivia, Chile were used. In addition, a documentary analysis was carried out that included clinical guidelines and technical standards of the Hemodialysis Unit. Results The data were organized into 5 topics: Hospital Base Valdivia hemodialysis unit, Process of change and adaptation, Routines and habits, Roles and Sufficiency of public policies. Breaks in occupational histories, difficulties in the adaptation process and the need for a comprehensive approach that is not considered by public policies are evidenced. Conclusion The need for a multidisciplinary treatment is proposed that considers an accompaniment in the process of occupational adaptation, especially in the early stages after diagnosis in order to prevent the impact on the quality of life of this population, as well as the need to develop more studies on the subject.
Expressões de gênero no processo de cuidado e prevenção da COVID-19 durante a pandemia: reflexões da e para a terapia ocupacional social
Authors: Braz Leonardo Graco de Oliveira , Leite Junior Jaime Daniel , Borba Patrícia Leme de Oliveira
Published: June 2022

Resumo O presente artigo discute as expressões de gênero no processo de cuidado e prevenção da COVID-19 e busca explicitar as manifestações do sexismo nas questões relativas às mudanças no cotidiano acarretadas pela pandemia, além de refletir sobre as possibilidades de ação da terapia ocupacional social frente a essas problemáticas. A investigação se desdobrou de um projeto mais amplo, intitulado “Desigualdades e vulnerabilidades na epidemia de COVID-19: monitoramento, análise e recomendações”, realizado entre maio e novembro de 2020, cujo objetivo geral foi avaliar os impactos da pandemia de COVID-19 em bairros de maior vulnerabilidade dos municípios onde o estudo foi realizado. A metodologia se baseou na utilização do material produzido no processo de ida a campo. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo que se debruçou sobre as informações obtidas na realização de rodas de conversa, entrevistas, aplicação de questionários, na produção de relatórios e diários de campo e na articulação deste material com referenciais teóricos que privilegiam a terapia ocupacional social e os estudos de gênero. Dentre os resultados, destaca-se a diferente forma como homens e mulheres compreenderam o período e estabeleceram seus modos de vida na pandemia, além das distintas atitudes e comportamentos frente aos cuidados necessários à prevenção da COVID-19. A crítica à masculinidade hegemônica permite um acúmulo de conhecimento que favorece a elaboração de processos interventivos, como a realização de oficinas de atividades e rodas de conversa que objetivam amenizar os reflexos desse pensamento na sociedade.
Occupational alienation and the mental health of university students
Authors: Nañagas Maria Lucia , Kantartzis Sarah
Published: June 2022

Abstract Mental health, especially in the youth, has been a prevailing concern in recent years. University students are a particularly high-risk population for mental health problems. Changing perspectives in the field of mental health present the opportunity to explore this concept through an occupational justice lens – specifically that of occupational alienation. Through a brief review of relevant literature, this critical essay will explore the relationship among the concepts of alienation from both a sociology and occupational science perspective, and consider the insights that may be obtained through application of this concept to understanding the mental health of university students. The use of an occupational justice lens provides an opportunity for an alternative perspective when considering factors potentially contributing to the mental health problems in this population.
QUANTIFICATION AND PROPAGATION OF MODEL-FORM UNCERTAINTIES IN RANS TURBULENCE MODELING VIA INTRUSIVE POLYNOMIAL CHAOS
Authors: Parekh Jigar , Verstappen R.W.C.P.
Published: June 2022

Undeterred by its inherent limitations, Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) based modeling is still considered the most recognized approach for several computational fluid dynamics (CFD) applications. Recently, in the turbulence modeling community, quantification of model-form uncertainties in RANS has attracted significant interest. We present a stochastic RANS solver with an efficient implementation of the intrusive polynomial chaos (IPC) method in OpenFOAM. The stochastic solver quantifies and propagates the uncertainties associated with the output of the RANS model (eddy viscosity or Reynolds stress tensor). Two distinct high-dimensional variants of the uncertainties are considered, namely, the random eddy viscosity field (REVF) and the random Reynolds stress tensor field (RRSTF). The randomness is introduced in the approximated eddy viscosity field and the Reynolds stress tensor, while asserting the realizability. The stochastic RANS solver has been tested on various benchmark problems for RANS turbulence modeling. In this study, we discuss two important problems where the stochastic RANS solver shows significantly better performance than the traditional uncertainty quantification (UQ) methods. The first problem analyzed is the flow over periodic hills with a REVF, while the second stochastic problem considered is the flow in a square duct with a RRSTF. Along with the comparison for three different RANS turbulence models, a detailed analysis of the stochastic solver based on various influential model parameters is also presented. The IPC based stochastic solver demonstrated the potential to be used in the UQ analysis of further complex CFD applications, especially when a large number of deterministic simulations is not feasible, e.g., wind farm CFD simulations.