bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Different types of void space and quality of unconventional reservoirs in the Upper Devonian domanic high-carbon deposits of Mukhanovo-Erokhovsky trough (Volga-Ural basin)
Authors: Chupakhina Vitaliya V. , Korobova Natalia I. , Kalmykov Georgy A. , Zavyalova Anna P. , Karpushin Mikhail Y. , Radchenko Kristina A.
Published: June 2022

Domanic deposits have already been studied in sufficient details. Various aspects of their study were described previosly in many works, but so far, these deposits have been considered mainly as source rocks. Domanic deposits are distributed in a wide stratigraphic range from the Middle Frasnian of the Late Devonian to the Tournaisian of the Early Carboniferous. In this paper, domanic formation is considered as an unconventional reservoir. Due to the complex and heterogeneous structure of rocks, their uneven saturation with organic matter and low porosity values, the methodology for assessing reservoir properties is at a low stage of production. An integrated study of the void space in such deposits, including macro- and microdescription of the core, analytical studies, makes it possible to predict zones with best quality of reservoirs and helped successfullу produce such deposits. In the section of domanic formation were identified the main lithotypes and characterized of each of them. Comparison of the types of void space identified in thin sections and reservoir properties made it possible to classify the main types of reservoirs and assess their quality.
Conditions of sedimentation and distribution of organic matter in the Lower-Middle Jurassic complex of the South-Western part of the West Siberian oil and gas basin
Authors: Komkov Ivan K. , Mordasova Alina V. , Dakhnova Marina V. , Bolshakova Maria A. , Mozhegova Svetlana V. , Pronina Natalia V.
Published: June 2022

The article is devoted to the variation of generation potential of the Lower-Middle Jurassic organic matter in the Karabash area (South-Western part of the West Siberian basin) depending on facies and sedimentary cyclisity. Based on geochemical and lithological core studies, specific geochemical features of organic matter established for main facies groups of Early-Middle Jurassic in the study area. The best generation potential inherent in deposits of swamps, swampy floodplains and tidal plains. These facies groups characterized by predominance of the continental organic matter and considered to gas source rocks. However, macerals composition, kinetic spectra and biomarker analysis show the presence also of marine organic matter. Some facies groups, such as flooded swamps and swampy floodplains has potential to generate hydrocarbons due to preservation of liptinites with high hydrogen index. Cyclic analysis with basics of sequence stratigraphy of the continental deposits allow tracing the correlation between generation potential and relative sea level changes.
Typification of the deposits of the Tyumen Formation according to the degree of hydrodynamic conditions of sedimentation to create a petrophysical model and differentiated interpretation of well log data
Authors: Isakova Tatyana G. , Persidskaya Anna S. , Khotylev Oleg V. , Kotochkova Julia A. , Egorova Alena D. , Dyakonova Tatyana F. , Mozgovoy Aleksei S. , Churkina Valeria V. , Kozakov Sergey V. , Kozhevnikova Natalia V. , Livaev Ravil Z. , Druchin Vitalii S. , Belov Nicolai V. , Kalmykov Georgii A.
Published: June 2022

The article considers facies analysis and the application of its results for the typification of rocks of the Tyumen Formation. The aim of the article is to create algorithms for the differentiated interpretation of geophysical studies of well log data of the Tyumen formation based on a detailed study of the core.

Based on core studies, as well as geological, geophysical data and field information on the Tyumen Formation of some deposits in Western Siberia, the main groups of facies were identified, reflecting the hydrodynamic activity of sedimentation conditions: group 1 – high-dynamic conditions, group 2 – transitional conditions, group 3 – low-dynamic conditions.

On the basis of this typification, petrophysical models of the deposits of the Tyumen Formation were created: petrophysical functions were built with differentiation by facies zones, boundary values of petrophysical parameters were obtained to identify reservoirs of different sedimentation conditions, algorithms for differentiated interpretation of well log data were proposed, also based on test results and field geophysical survey, differences in field characteristics for different sedimentation conditions were revealed, linear oil reserves were calculated using a new petrophysical model.

The development and implementation of an integrated approach to the interpretation of well log data, taking into account the conditions of sedimentation, make it possible to increase the reliability of determining the properties of the reservoirs of the Tyumen Formation, and the efficiency of calculating the oil reserves.
About “Paleozoic roots” of the oils of the Eastern Ciscaucasia
Authors: Yandarbiev Nurdin Sh. , Sachsenhofer Reinhard F. , Stepanov Andrey N. , Yandarbieva Diana N.
Published: June 2022

The paper considers geochemical data on the biomarker composition of oils from the fields of the Terek-Caspian oil and gas basin. Samples of oils from the fields of the main oil and gas bearing regions of the Eastern Ciscaucasia – Terek-Sunzha zone, Prikumsky swell, Piedmont Dagestan and the Middle Caspian Sea were studied. To determine the “geochemical” age of oils, the ratios of regular steranes in saturated oil fractions were analyzed. It was found that the value of the biomarker parameter St28/St29, which determines the geological age of the original organic matter for oils, varies widely – 0.36–1.47. The most “ancient” age (Devonian-Carboniferous) was determined for the oils of the Prikumsky swell and the water area of the Middle Caspian; in the Terek-Sunzha zone and Piedmont Dagestan, an increase in the proportion of St28 sterane is recorded in oils, which indicates a younger generation age (up to the Paleogene). The data obtained can be used to clarify the history of the formation of hydrocarbon accumulations in this region.
Formation of research competence of future teacher educators based on the technology of project training
Authors: Mamytbayeva Zhanat , Kyakbayeva Ulbosyn , Azimbayeva Dariga , Kerimbayeva Rysty , Sarybekova Zhanat , Daurenbekov Kuanysh
Published: June 2022

In this study, it is aimed to establish the research competence of future teacher educators based on the project education technology. The research was conducted in the spring semester of 2021–2022. The study with the participation of 328 university students was conducted in a quantitative research model. In the research, a 3-week project training technology and research competence training was provided to university students. In the study, a data collection tool developed by the researchers was used to collect data. The scale used in the study was delivered and collected by the online method of university students. The analysis of the data was carried out using the SPSS programme; frequency analysis was carried out using the t-test; and the results obtained were added to the study accompanied by tables. As a result of the research, it was found that the project training technology and research competence values of the groups of participants participating in the study had high values.

Keywords: Project education technology, teacher candidates, distance education, university students
Total Factor Productivity and Institutional Indicators: Panel Data Analysis
Authors: GÖKÇE Nazlı , ÇAKMAK Erol , EMSEN Ömer Selçuk
Published: June 2022

Total Factor Productivity (TFP) plays a very important role in achieving growth and development. The TFP level and its development process over time are an important determinant of the “diversity in the level of development” existing in today’s economies. This study examines the theorotical studies on the place and importance of TFP in economic theory and aims to discuss the relationships with respect to the institutions in the context of current discussions. In the study, the effect of institutional indicators on TFP for the period of 2005-2018 was analyzed with the panel data method in the model of 117 countries. The results of the analysis showed that the institutional indicators and the human development index have a positive and significant effect on the TFP level of countries.
Büyüme, CO2 Emisyonu ve Enerji Tüketimi İlişkisi: Seçilmiş Ülke Grupları İçin Bir Panel Eşbütünleşme Yaklaşımı
Authors: İSAOĞLU Asima , ARVAS Mehmet Akif
Published: June 2022

Günümüzde artan çevre kirliliği ve küresel ısınmanın olumsuz etkilerini hafifletme çabaları, CO2 emisyonlarına neden olan enerji kaynaklarının kullanılması sorununu gündeme getirmiştir. Ekonomik gelişme ve daha fazla ekonomik büyüme, enerji kaynaklarının kullanımını hızlandırır. Bu süreç, CO2 emisyon seviyesinin yükselmesine ve enerji rezervlerinin tükenmesine neden olur. Bu nedenle CO2 emisyonunun azaltılması, enerjinin korunması ve ekonomik performansın iyileştirilmesi açısından bu üç değişkenin optimal düzeyinin birlikte formüle edilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu nedenle bu çalışma, gelişmiş ülkelerden (EU19, EU28, G7, G20, OECD-Avrupa, OECD-Total, BRICS, OECD-Amerika ve Doğu Avrupa, Kafkaslar ve Orta Asya) veriler alarak CO2 emisyonu, enerji tüketimi ve ekonomik büyüme arasında bir ilişki olup olmadığını araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaçla gelişmiş ülkelerin 2000-2018 verileri kullanılarak panel birim kök, Westerlund panel eşbütünleşme ve yatay kesit bağımlılığı için ön tahmin testleri kullanılmıştır. Birim kök testi sonuçlarına göre düzeyde durağan olmayan değişkenler uzun döneme entegre edilir. Westerlund (2007) panel eş bütünleşme testi sonuçları, değişkenler arasında eşbütünleşmenin olduğunu ve uzun dönemde birlikte hareket ettiğini göstermektedir. Dimutrescu- Hurlin (2012) panel nedensellik test sonuçları ise, gelişmiş ülkelerde CO2 emisyonu ile büyüme arasından çift yönlü, enerji tüketimi ile büyüme arasında ise büyümeden enerjiye doğru tek yönlü bir nedensellik ilişkisinin olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu çalışmanın sonuçları, gelişmiş ülkelerde enerji verimliliğinin artırılmasına teknoloji açısından öncelik verilmesini ve çevre dostu politikalarda ortak eylem planlarının uygulanmasını politika yapıcıları için bir öncelik haline getirmeyi önermektedir.
Place and Role of the "Quality of Life" Category in the Characteristic of Society: Historical Context and Current State
Authors: Golovin Andrei
Published: June 2022

Quality of life is an interdisciplinary and multifactorial category. The article considers the internal logic of the development of the category "quality of life." An overview of the main scientific schools in the field of research on the problems of the level and quality of life is presented. Summarizing the historical dynamics, a chronology of studies of the quality of life for the period from 1920 to 2020 is graphically presented. Establishing the relationship between quality of life and other categories is an interdisciplinary task. At the same time, the types of connections are highlighted: verbal communication; logical communication; a context-free or mathematical relationship; contextually connected or physical association. Four classes of meters are distinguished: natural, value, physical, conditionally dimensionless units, for which conditions are formulated (advantages and disadvantages). The following categories are being linked to the quality of life: standard of living, lifestyle, life satisfaction, happiness, welfare, well-being, social progress, prosperity, human development, etc. The distinctive characteristics and properties of the quality of life as a category are highlighted; its place among other categories is indicated. These steps made it possible to formulate modern trends in the study of the quality of life, to show the transformation of priority approaches to measurement, as well as to establish the conceptual aspects of the development of the management concept of the quality of life for the population.
A STUDY OF THE GENUS ZABRACHYPUS CUSHMAN, 1920 (HYMENOPTERA ICHNEUMONIDAE PIMPLINAE) FROM IRAN WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF TWO NEW SPECIES
Authors: MOHAMMADI-KHORAMABADI ABBAS , TALEBI ALIASGHAR , BROAD GAVIN R. , ZWAKHALS KEES
Published: June 2022

Mohammadi-Khoramabadi A., Talebi A., Broad G. R., Zwakhals K. - A study of the genus Zabrachypus Cushman, 1920 (Hymenoptera Ichneumonidae Pimplinae) from Iran with descriptions of two new species. Four species of the genus Zabrachypus were collected and identified from northern Iran, of which one species is recorded for the first time, Z. cazorlensis Rey del Castillo, 1996, and two species are described as new: Z. rubroabdominalis n. sp. and Z. rugatus n. sp.. A key to the species is provided. Their ecology and phenology are discussed. KEY WORDS: taxonomy, Zabrachypus, Z. rubroabdominalis n. sp., Z. rugatus n. sp., Iran.
OSMODERMA EREMITA (SCOPOLI, 1763) (COLEOPTERA SCARABAEIDAE CETONIINAE) IN CIRCEO STATE FOREST (CENTRAL ITALY)
Authors: LENZI ALICE , MAURIZI EMANUELA , MOSCONI FABIO , FRANCESCATO SAMANTHA , CECCHETTI MASSIMO , DALLA VALLE MATTEO , NOAL ALESSANDRA , STOLFA GIUSEPPE , ROVERSI PIO FEDERICO , CAMPANARO ALESSANDRO
Published: June 2022

Lenzi A., Maurizi E., Mosconi F., Cecchetti M., Francescato S., Noal A., Stolfa G., Roversi P. F., Campanaro A. – Osmoderma eremita (Scopoli, 1763) (Coleoptera Scarabaeidae Cetoniinae) in Circeo State Forest (Central Italy). Osmoderma eremita (Scopoli, 1763) was recorded for the first time in Circeo State Forest (SAC IT6040014) by volunteers participating at the LIFE ESC360 Project “360 volunteers for monitoring forest biodiversity in the Italian Natura 2000 Network”. This finding is the result of several surveys started in 2018 that have been carried out using different sampling methodologies, including a conservation detection dog. Two male specimens of O.eremita have been collected in summer 2021, by the use of black cross windows traps baited with the species pheromone. This record provides new information on the scattered distribution of this species in the Latium Region and confirms the biodiversity value of Circeo State Forest. Furthermore, this result corroborates the importance of cooperation between non-experts and scientists, i.e. citizen science. This approach is essential to carry out monitoring programmes aimed at assessing the conservation status of protected species. Meanwhile, it allows to involve, educate, and raise awareness among non-experts, resulting in the establishment of a general positive mindset and attitude towards forest biodiversity. Key Words: Saproxylic beetles, Citizen Science, Foresta Demaniale del Circeo, Natura 2000, Osmoderma eremita, LIFE project
Adaptation of argotic units in the national Russian language in the 21st century
Authors: Grachev Mikhail A.
Published: June 2022

We consider current issues of adaptation of argot words in the national Russian language and the influence of criminal subculture on law-abiding society. In the near future, dramatic changes in the lexical and thematic plan in argo should occur in connection with the state’s struggle against organized crime figures and the extremist organization AUE* (in October 2020, the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation announced the inclusion of the AUE* movement in the list of extremist organizations banned in the Russian Federation, its activities in Russia are prohibited). Due to the large number of argotisms that have passed into the national language, there are problems of translation from one language to another. They are contained in the discrepancy between the realities between different peoples, the peculiarities of criminal communities and the emotionality of criminal lexemes. We note that recently there has been a frequent use of rude and abnormal vocabulary in any field and in any language communication. The bulk of these words are argotic lexemes. A special place in the study is given to the problems of linguistic experts. Often former argotisms are used by the law-abiding population as invectives, see, for example, the words musor, ment – “law enforcement officer”. Moreover, the courts often automatically perceive such words as lexical units containing an indecent form and do not take into account the speech situation, context and other aspects of linguistic analysis.
Paleoenvironmental record from lake San Lorenzo, Monetbello, Chiapas, Mexico
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Caballero Margarita , Prado Blanca ,   Instituto de Geología, UNAM, Coyoacán, 04660 Ciudad de México, CP, México, Mora Lucy ,   Instituto de Geología, UNAM, Coyoacán, 04660 Ciudad de México, CP, México, Ruiz Fernández Ana Carolina ,   Insituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Unidad Mazatlán, UNAM, CP 8200 Mazatlán, Sonora, México, Muñóz Esperanza ,   Estación Regional del Noroeste, Instituto de Geología, UNAM, CP 8300 Hermosillo, Sonora, México, Sánchez Wendolyn ,   Laboratorio de Paleolimnología, Instituto de Geofísica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Published: June 2022

Lake San Lorenzo is one of the lakes at the NW karstic plain of the “Parque Nacional Lagunas de Montebello”, Chiapas, Mexico, that currently have eutrophic, turbid waters. To understand the recent history of this lake, multi-elemental contents determined by X-ray fluorescence analysis, organic matter and carbonate contents -determined by loss on ignition-, Corg/N ratios and diatom analyses from a 41 cm-long sedimentary sequence, were performed. The chronology of the sequence was established by one 14C date from the basal sediments, which allowed establishing that the studied record began in 1956. These new data are consistent with previously published analysis of a profile from the nearby Lake Balamtetik, that could not be dated by 14C, therefore this work provides a better chronological resolution of events. The diatom community along the Lake San Lorenzo sequence was dominated by high nutrient tolerant species, which allows inferring that the lake was already turbid and eutrophic since 1956. Erosion indicators (titanium and magnetic susceptibility) allowed identifying two episodes of basin-wide erosion associated with long distance sediment transport to the lake (very likely through the ”Río Grande de Comitán”) the first episode from 1970 to 1985 and the second one from 1990 to 2000.
Regular variables in the problem of low-thrust trajectory optimization
Authors: Korneev Kirill Romanovich , Trofimov Sergey Pavlovich
Published: June 2022

The regularization of spacecraft motion equations by the Kustaanheimo-Stiefel transformation for coordinates and Sundman’s transformation for time in the case of interplanetary low-thrust optimal transfer is considered. From Pontryagin’s maximum principle, the thrust vector optimal control is derived under the limited power condition. The Earth-Mars transfer problem is solved in the regular variables. The comparison of calculated trajectories with the ones obtained by the parameter continuation method is performed, and the stability properties of the two-point boundary value problem in the Cartesian and regular variables are studied.
SMALL AND MEDIUM BUSINESS IN THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS: PROBLEMS AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS
Authors: Kаrаtkevich A. , Stefanovich. A.
Published: June 2022

The article deals with issues related to the conditions for the activities of small and medium-sized businesses in the Republic of Belarus, analyzes this segment of the economy and assesses the contribution to the country's economy. The institutional environment and instruments of state support for entrepreneurship are analyzed, the reasons hindering the growth of this segment and limiting its contribution to the country's GDP are considered. Possible ways to increase the effective development of small and medium-sized businesses in the Republic of Belarus are proposed.
SOME CULTURAL-IDEOLOGICAL AND INSTITUTIONAL ASPECTS OF IMPROVEMENT OF THE NEW CONCEPT OF NATIONAL SECURITY
Authors: Saladounikava. Т.
Published: June 2022

The article substantiates the need to update the current National Security Concept of the Republic of Belarus approved by Decree of the President of the Republic of Belarus dated November 9, 2010 No. 575 (hereinafter referred to as the Concept) in the context of growing information confrontation and the emergence of new risks, challenges and threats in the national mediafield, determined by the dynamics of the geopolitical situation. A number of proposals for improvement of the Concept in the cultural, ideological and institutional aspects are presented.
Effect of Cementation Degree on Shear Characteristic and Failure Mechanism of Bimrocks Containing Gravels of Different Sizes
Authors: Hu Yanran , Sun Shaorui , Wei Jihong
Published: June 2022

To reveal the influence of cementation degree on the mechanical properties of bimrocks with different particle sizes under different types and contents of cement, indoor direct shear tests as well as numerical tests were conducted. The variation law of mechanical properties and the development law of internal force chain distribution of bimrocks under different conditions are fully studied. The specimens with three particle sizes, two cementing types (cement and gypsum), and three cementing contents were prepared for indoor shear tests under different normal stresses. The results show that the fluctuation of shear stress-displacement curve of bimrocks with round gravels of large particle size is relatively gentle, and the fluctuation of residual strength is relatively small. Under low normal stress, the peak shear strength of bimrocks with round gravels of large particle size can be increased by 115.2% under the action of cementation. Compared with the cohesion of samples without cementation, the maximum improvement of the cohesion of the samples containing large particle size, small particle size, and mixed particle size with different cementing materials is 143.2%, 149.0%, and 141.9%, respectively. The results show that, compared with the internal friction angle of samples without cementation, the maximum increases of the internal friction angle of the samples with large particle size, small particle size, and mixed particle size for adding different contents of cementing materials are 15.7%, 18.5%, and 21.2%, respectively. Numerical tests show that, with the increase of cementation degree, the gathering of force chain is more obvious and more concentrated near the shear surface.
Climate-Driven Changes in High-Intensity Wildfire on Orbital Timescales in Eurasia since 320 ka
Authors: Cheng Tianze , Zou Jianjun , Shi Xuefa , Gorbarenko Sergey , Vasilenko Yuriy , Bosin Alexandr , Liu Yanguang , Chen Bing
Published: June 2022

Wildfire is an integral part of the Earth’s climate system and plays an important role in shaping terrestrial ecosystems and biodiversity, atmospheric chemistry, regional climate, and the carbon cycle in the Earth’s history. However, the lack of high-resolution records of long wildfires limits our understanding of the natural variability, long-term trends of wildfire activity, and the reasons behind the changes in wildfire on orbital timescales. Here, a 320 ka long high-resolution wildfire record from the subarctic North Pacific is reconstructed with black carbon (BC), including its two subtypes char and soot. A 7-day-long back trajectory simulation analysis reveals the higher frequency of trajectories comes from Siberia. Our data show that continuous incidence of wildfire on a continental scale over the last 320 ka was higher during glacial periods than during the interglacial periods. The increase in wildfire frequency during glacial periods is ascribed to less precipitation. Contrasting patterns of wildfire incidence between marine isotope stages 2 and 6 may be ascribed to different fuel availability, which is related to contrasting configurations of the Northern Hemisphere ice sheet between glacial periods. A significant periodicity of 23 ka of our wildfire record suggests the precession of the Earth’s orbit pace wildfire development. The tight coupling of intensified wildfire and enhanced nutrient utilization efficiency suggests a nontrivial role of fire in the climate system.
Relación entre el modelo de atención recibido, el nivel de actividad de la enfermedad, la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud y el daño en pacientes con Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico
Authors:   , Perea Seoane Luciana , Agapito Vera Estefania
Published: June 2022

Objetivo: Evaluar si el modelo de atención (integral vs regular) tiene algún impacto en los resultados clínicos de los pacientes con lupus eritematoso sistémico. Metodología: Entre agosto de 2019 y enero de 2020, evaluamos pacientes con LES atendidos en dos hospitales peruanos para definir el impacto del modelo de atención sobre el estado de actividad de la enfermedad y la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS). La actividad de la enfermedad fue medida con el SLEDAI-2K y la Evaluación Global del Médico (EVA), que permiten definir el estado de baja actividad de la enfermedad y la remisión del lupus. La CVRS se midió con el LupusQoL. La asociación entre el modelo de atención y el estado de actividad de la enfermedad se examinó con un modelo de regresión logística binaria. La CVRS se examinó con un modelo de regresión lineal. Todos los análisis multivariables se ajustaron por posibles factores de confusión. Resultados: Se incluyeron 266 pacientes con LES, 227 del modelo de atención integral y 39 del modelo de atención regular. El modelo de atención regular se asoció con una menor probabilidad de lograr remisión (OR 0,381; IC: 95% 0,163-0,887) y alcanzar estado de baja actividad de la enfermedad (OR 0,363; IC: 95% 0,157-0,835). La atención regular se asoció con una mejor CVRS en dos dominios (dolor y salud emocional). No encontramos asociación entre el modelo de atención y los demás dominios de la CVRS. Conclusión: El modelo de atención integral se asoció con la probabilidad de lograr remisión y estado de baja actividad de la enfermedad, pero no tuvo impacto aparente en la CVRS de los pacientes.
Human liver microbiota modeling strategy at the early onset of fibrosis
Authors: Champion Camille , Neagoe Radu M. , Effernberger Maria , Sala Daniela T. , Servant Florence , Christensen Jeffrey E. , Arnoriaga-Rodriguez Maria , Amar Jacques , Lelouvier Benjamin , Loubieres Pascale , Azalbert Vincent , Minty Matthieu , Thomas Charlotte , Blasco-Baque Vincent , Gamboa Fabrice , Tilg Herbert , Cardellini Marina , Federici Massimo , Fernández-Real Jose-Manuel , Loubes Jean Michel , Burcelin Rémy
Published: June 2022

BackgroundGut microbiota is involved in the development of liver diseases such as fibrosis. We and others identified that selected sets of gut bacterial DNA and bacteria translocate to tissues, notably the liver, to establish a non-infectious tissue microbiota composed of microbial DNA and a low frequency live bacteria. However, the precise set of bacterial DNA, and thereby the corresponding taxa associated with the early stages of fibrosis need to be identified. Furthermore, to overcome the impact of different group size and patient origins we adapted innovative statistical approaches. Liver samples with low liver fibrosis scores (F0, F1, F2) to study the early stages of the disease were collected from Romania(n = 36), Austria(n = 10), Italy(n = 19), and Spain(n = 17). The 16S rRNA gene was sequenced. We considered the frequency, sparsity, unbalanced sample size between cohorts to identify taxonomic profiles and statistical differences.ResultsMultivariate analyses, including adapted spectral clustering with L1-penalty fair-discriminant strategies, and predicted metagenomics were used to identify that 50% of liver taxa associated with the early stage fibrosis were Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonadaceae. The Caulobacteraceae, Flavobacteriaceae and Propionibacteriaceae discriminated between F0 and F1. Predicted metagenomics analysis identified the preQ0 biosynthesis and pathways involving glucoryranose and glycogen degradation were negatively associated with liver fibrosis F1-F2 vs F0.ConclusionsWithout demonstrating causality, our results suggest first a role of bacterial translocation to the liver in the progression of fibrosis, notably at the earliest stages. Second, our statistical approach can identify microbial signatures and overcome issues regarding sample size differences, the impact of environment, and sets of analyses.TirguMECCH ROLIVER Prospective Cohort for the Identification of Liver Microbiota, registration 4065/2014. Registered 01 01 2014
Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Saliva using the BinaxNOW™ COVID-19 Antigen Self Test
Authors: Chomczynski Peter Wladyslaw , Vires Kianna M , Rymaszewski Michal , Heiny Judith Ann , Chomczynski Piotr
Published: June 2022

We conducted a pilot study to determine if the BinaxNOW rapid antigen test can detect SARS-CoV-2 antigen in saliva, in place of the specified nasal (Nares) swab sample. A nasal swab may not provide an optimal sample for detecting Omicron, now the predominant variant, because Omicron sheds a greater viral load into saliva than into the nasal passages. Saliva was obtained from non-infected donors, spiked with varying concentrations of heat-denatured SARS-CoV-2 virus, and tested using the BinaxNOW kit following the manufacturer’s instructions. The BinaxNOW test detected COVID-19 in saliva samples with a Limit of Detection (LOD) of 178 TCID50/mL saliva, which was the lowest concentration tested. This detection sensitivity is comparable to the LOD reported by the manufacturer for BinaxNOW (140.6 TCID50/mL) using nasal samples. This result shows that the BinaxNOW test can detect SARS-CoV-2 in saliva with a detection power comparable to that obtained using nasal swab samples.
Theoretical and Experimental Research on Active Suspension System with Time-delay Control
Authors: Wu Kaiwei , Ren Chanbo , Li Lin , Sun Zehao
Published: June 2022

Time delay has a great impact on the performance of the control system, and even leads to the unexpected instability of the feedback control system. Aiming at the adverse effect of time delay on the control effect and stability of active suspension system, this paper proposes to suppress the complex dynamic behavior of vehicle by applying time-delay displacement feedback. In this paper, the time-delay feedback control characteristics of the system are studied by combining theory with experiment. Firstly, the dynamic equation of suspension system with time-delay is established, the system stability is analyzed by frequency domain scanning method, the simulation model is established, and the superiority of time-delay feedback control under external excitation is verified by comparing harmonic excitation with passive control and backstepping control. Finally, the 1/4 model bench test of the active suspension system is carried out, and the comparison between the simulation results and the test results under the same working conditions shows that the two have good consistency. The results show that the research is credible, and the research results can provide reference for the actual design and application of active/semi-active vehicle suspension controllers.
Introducing field evaporation energy loss spectroscopy
Authors: ROUSSEAU Loïc , Normand Antoine , Morgado Felipe F. , Soreide Hanne S. , Stephenson Leigh , Hatzoglou Constantinos , Costa Gérald Da , Tehrani Kambiz , Freysoldt Christoph , Gault Baptiste , Vurpillot François
Published: June 2022

Identifying the chemical and bonding state of all atoms in a material in three-dimensions remains an unresolved issue. Here, we demonstrate that this information was always intrinsically present within atom probe tomography experimental data, but until now it was overlooked or consciously suppressed. Using an analytical model and robust simulations, we show that the mass peak shape contains information on the ion’s energy loss related to how the atom was bound to the surface, and its neighbourhood. We introduce a complete data processing approach, termed field evaporation energy loss spectroscopy (FEELS), that retrieves and maps variations of the chemical state in 3D with nanometric resolution. We showcase the application of FEELS by analyzing microstructural features and defects in an array of metallic materials. FEELS can be applied on any atom probe data set to more profoundly analyse a material’s characteristics.
Excessive crying in children with cerebral palsy and communication deficits - a fixed-sequence, crossover clinical trial
Authors: Potharaju Nagabhushana Rao
Published: June 2022

Aim: To study epidemiology, response to drug therapy, and a drug taper after 250 days of treatment of excessive crying in children with cerebral palsy with communication deficits (ECCCPCD). Methods: This was a fixed-sequence crossover study of 131 consecutive subjects <15 years with>7.5 hours crying duration/day for 30 straight days. Outcome measures were epidemiological data, measurement of means of total and unexplained ECCCPCD durations (TECCCPCCD and UECCCPCD) while on the placebo (M1), while on treatment (M2-M5), and the effect of a drug taper (M4). Results: 74% were <2 years; 65% were males. Paired t-tests between TECCCPCCD of M1-M2 yielded a mean difference of -3.67 (95% CI -3.80 to -3.53), p<0.001; between UECCCPCCD of M1-M2,-3.04 (95% CI -3.16 to -2.93), p<0.001. Wilcoxon tests between TECCCPCCD of M1-M5 yielded medians of 9.98 (95% CI 9.73 to 10.16) and 2.67 (95% CI 2.53 to 2.82), p<0.001. Wilcoxon tests between UECCCPCCD of M1-M5 yielded medians of 8.22 (95% CI 8.02 to 8.39) and 2.16 (95% CI 2.04 to 2.28), p<0.001. The dosage could be tapered in 51.15% of participants. Conclusions: Treatment of spasticity, dystonia, visceral, and neuropathic pain reduced crying. The drug requirement was less after 250 days of treatment.
The relationship between body composition and vital capacity index of medical students in Shenyang of China------A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Zhang Han , Sun Lu , Yu Ye , Xin Hong , Wu Li , Yang Feng Mei , Liu Jie , Zhang Zhuo
Published: June 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the associations between body composition and vital capacity index (VCI) among medical students of Shenyang, China.Study design: The design of this study is a cross-sectional study.Methods: Participants were 2063 individuals (17~25 years) from a medical college in Shenyang, who participated in this survey from April to May 2017. Height, weight, fat mass (FM), fat free mass (FFM), protein mass (PM), total body water (TBW), mineral mass (MM), vital capacity were measured, then BMI and VCI were calculated. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the effect of body composition on VCI of participants in different genders. In addition, subgroup analysis was carried out according to BMI levels.Results: Male students showed significantly higher height, weight, BMI, FFM, PM, TBW, MM, VC, and VCI, but lower FM in comparison with female students. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis showed that in both sexes FM was negatively correlated with VCI which represents pulmonary function (r < 0; P = 0.000). After dividing the whole participants by BMI, further correlation analysis showed FM was positively correlated with VCI only for male subgroups with BMI < 18.5 (r > 0; P = 0.05). Conclusion: Overall, FM is highly negatively correlated with the VCI of Chinese medical students of both genders. However, FM has a potential role to improve the VCI of underweight male students.
Defective type I interferon immunity is associated with increasing COVID-19 severity
Authors: Duffy Darragh , SMITH Nikaïa , Possémé Céline , Bondet Vincent , Sugrue Jamie , Townsend Liam , Charbit Bruno , Rouilly Vincent , Saint-André Violaine , Dott Tom , Pozo Andre Rodriguez , Yatim Nader , Schwartz Olivier , Cervantes-Gonzales Minerva , Ghosn Jade , Bastard Paul , Casanova Jean-Laurent , Szwebel Tali-Anne , Terrier Benjamin , Conlon Niall , O'Farrelly Cliona , Cheallaigh Cliona Ni , Bourke Nollaig
Published: June 2022

Host immunity to infection with SARS-CoV-2 is highly variable, dictating diverse clinical outcomes ranging from asymptomatic to severe disease and death. We previously reported that reduced blood type I interferon (IFN-I) in severe COVID-19 patients preceded clinical worsening. These results were supported by studies which identified genetic mutations in loci of the TLR3- or TLR7-dependent IFN-I pathways, or autoantibodies neutralizing IFNα or IFNω, as major risk factors for development of severe and critical COVID-19 pneumonia. Here, we analyzed a range of IFN-I associated responses in patient cohorts with different severities of COVID-19, showing that baseline plasma IFNα measures differed significantly according to the immunoassay used, as well as timing of sampling, the IFNα subtype measured, and the presence of autoantibodies. We then compared immune responses induced by ex vivo stimulation between non-hospitalized moderate cases (n=27) and hospitalized (n=17) adult patients that required oxygen supplementation. This showed a consistently reduced induction of IFN-I proteins in hospitalized COVID-19 patients upon stimulation, that was not associated with detectable neutralizing autoantibodies against IFNα or IFNω. We confirmed the poor induction of IFN-I in an independent patient cohort (n=33), and showed it was more pronounced with severe disease. Intracellular proteomic analysis showed that while monocyte numbers were increased in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, they did not secrete IFN-I in response to stimulation. This was further confirmed by ex vivo whole blood stimulation with IFN-I which induced a transcriptomic response associated with inflammation in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, that was not seen in controls or non-hospitalized moderate cases. These results may explain the dichotomy of the poor clinical response to IFN-I based treatments in late stage COVID-19, despite the critical importance of IFN-I in early acute infection. An improved understanding of such variable responses to treatment may help to identify potential alternative therapeutic strategies.
Ionospheric Error Correction and Image Enhancement for Spaceborne Ice-Sounding Radar
Authors: Li Yu , Wang Yong , Zhang Jun , Wen He , Li Caipin , Duan Chongdi
Published: June 2022

Current ice-sounding radars can be divided into two categories, i.e., vehicular platform and airborne platform. The former possesses high detection accuracy, but its disadvantage restricts the measurement in narrow coverage range. The latter could achieve wide observation range instead of precise positioning capability. While spaceborne ice-sounding radar has the advantages of sensitive timeliness, stable time series and high detection efficiency, which is of great significance for scientific research of the three polar regions. In this paper, a novel ionospheric error correction and image enhancement method for spaceborne ice-sounding radar has been presented. Firstly, theoretical echo model of spaceborne ice-sounding radar is established based on real measured ionospheric data, and the influence of background ionosphere on receiving signal with small bandwidth and low carrier frequency is quantitatively analyzed. On this basis, the universal ionospheric error correction objective function is derived to remove the ionosphere effect. Finally, the cartoon G-channel component of ice-sounding image can be extracted by employing the improved MCA (Morphological Component Analysis) model, and thus to enhance the regional contrast of subglacial lake and other background units. Experimental results based on real measured data verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
In-cavity pressure measurements for failure diagnosis in injection moulding process and correlation with Numerical Simulation
Authors: Araújo Cátia , Pereira Diogo , Dias Diana , Marques Rita , Cruz Sílvia
Published: June 2022

The pressure profile recognition technique for monitoring and diagnose processing failures during an injection moulding process, such as burn marks, and short shots, is a useful instrument for process and part quality control, production with zero defects and greater efficiency. Therefore, this work aims to demonstrate the feasibility of the in-cavity pressure monitorization for failure diagnose and injection moulding process optimization. The methodology used to analyse the obtained pressure variation is presented. The results were correlated to the theoretical profile curve, which enables to obtain information about the process and the moulding tool. This way, it was possible to determine the origin of the defects present in the injected parts, focusing not only on the velocity to pressure switchover, but also in the initial part of the curve, related to the filling phase. Moreover, the obtained measured results and the studied processing conditions were correlated with the injection moulding process simulation.
Matr3 reshapes m6A modification complex to alleviate macrophage inflammation during atherosclerosis
Authors: Sun Zewei , Chen Wenjing , Wang Zhen , Wang Shuai , Zan Jie , Zhao Wenting
Published: June 2022

Background
Atherosclerosis, characterized as the chronic inflammation of the arterial wall, is one of the leading causes of coronary artery disease (CAD), and macrophages are found to play essential roles in the initiation and progression of inflammation in atherosclerosis. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification, as the most abundant epi-transcriptomic modification in mRNA, is found to mediate the atherogenic inflammatory cascades in vascular endothelium. The detailed molecular mechanism of m6A methylation regulating inflammatory response during atherosclerosis is still not fully known.
Results
In this study, we find oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) stimulation increases methyltransferases Mettl3 and Mettl14 expressions in macrophages, whereas the total m6A modification level in macrophages decreases under oxLDL stimulation. Matrin-3 (Matr3), an RNA binding protein, is identified to function a suppressive role on oxLDL-mediated macrophage inflammatory responses through inhibiting activation of pro-inflammatory signaling, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) by m6A-mediated mRNA decay via regulating the formation of Mettl3-Mettl14 complex. Moreover, we find that Matr3 expression decreases in the oxLDL-stimulated macrophages, and the peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with CAD, and overexpression of Matr3 significantly alleviates atherosclerosis development in vivo.
Conclusion
Our study for the first time clarifies the role of Matr3 on macrophage inflammatory responses during atherosclerotic development, and supplies deep understanding on the relationship of m6A modification and inflammatory responses in atherosclerosis.
Analysis of the characteristics of blood lipid metabolism in twin pregnancy
Authors: Lou Yanqin , He Pei , Jiang Huijun , Xiang Li , Gao Xuemei
Published: June 2022

Objective:
This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of blood lipid metabolism in twin pregnancy and its combined with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) or pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH).
Methods:
This study retrospectively analyzed 96 cases of twin pregnancy and 232 cases of full-term singleton pregnancy, and they were filed in our hospital, undergone antenatal examination and gave birth from March 2016 to March 2021. Among 96 cases of twin pregnancy, 22 cases had GDM, and 18 cases had gestational hypertension. Comparison of general data and blood lipid levels, including triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC), between twin pregnancy and singleton pregnancy was performed. Comparison of blood lipid levels between GDM group and non-GDM group in twin pregnancy was performed. Comparison of blood lipid levels between the PIH group and the non-PIH group in twin pregnancy was performed.
Results
For the twin pregnancy, the TG level in the third trimester was higher than that in the second and first trimester, and the TG level in the second trimester was higher than that in the first trimester (P < 0.05). For the twin pregnancy, the TC level in the second and third trimester was higher than that in the first trimester (P < 0.05), but there was no difference in the TC level between the second and third trimesters (P > 0.05). The TG level of twin pregnancy was higher than that of singleton pregnancy in the first, second and third trimesters (P < 0.05), but there was no difference in the TC level between twin pregnancy and singleton pregnancy (P > 0.05). For the twin pregnancy, the TG level in the GDM group was higher than that in the non-GDM group (P < 0.05), while the TC level in the GDM group was not different from that in the non-GDM group (P > 0.05). The TG level in the first, second and third trimester of twin pregnancy combined with PIH group was higher than that in the non-hypertensive group (P < 0.05), while there was no difference in the TC level between the hypertensive group and the non-hypertensive group (P > 0.05).
Conclusions
The lipid levels in twin pregnancy increased with the increase of gestational age, and the TG level in twin pregnancy complicated with GDM or PIH was higher than that in twin pregnancy without with GDM or PIH, indicating that the blood lipid metabolism was related to the occurrence of GDM and PIH in twin pregnancy to some extent.
Adopting simulation-based tools to teach clinical reasoning in medical schools: A qualitative study
Authors: Kassianos Angelos P. , Plackett Ruth , Kambouri Maria , Sheringham Jessica
Published: June 2022

Background: Simulation-Based Medical Education (SBME) methods can be used to teach clinical reasoning (CR) skills and overcome limitations of using face-to-face methods. However, adoption of SBME methods is often challenging. The aim of this study was to explore UK medical educators’ perspectives of what influences adoption of SBME methods to teach CR. Methods: A qualitative research study using semi-structured telephone interviews with medical educators in the UK with control over teaching materials of CR was conducted. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), commonly used in healthcare services implementation research was adapted to inform the analysis. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. Results: Thirteen medical educators participated in the study. Three themes emerged from the data. Participants’ recognition of situations as opportunities or barriers related to their prior experiences of implementing SBME. For example, participants with experience viewed limited face to face placement as opportunities and often sought to introduce SBME opportunistically. Adoption was influenced by the implementation climate of the setting, including positioning of CR; relationships between faculty particularly where faculty were dispersed. How SBME was framed positioning as additional rather than as a replacement for face-to-face teaching could reduce resistance.Conclusions: By adapting an implementation framework for health services, we were able to identify features of current teaching processes and the implementation climate of medical schools that may be important in the adoption of SBME. These include access to face-to-face teaching opportunities, positioning of clinical reasoning in the curriculum, relationship between educators and institutions and decision-making processes. Our adapted framework may be useful in future studies of implementation in medical education.