bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A novel disulfidptosis and glycolysis related risk score signature for prediction of prognosis and ICI therapeutic responsiveness in colorectal cancer
Authors: Li Jiazheng , Yang Chao , Zheng Yongbin
Published: August 2023

Disulfidptosis is a newly-identified non-programmed cell death mode with tight associations with glucose metabolism. Elevated glycolysis is an important metabolic feature of tumor cells, which fulfills the energy requirement for their rapid growth and progression. Our present study determined to develop a disulfidptosis and glycolysis related gene (DGRG) risk score signature to predict the prognosis and ICI therapeutic responsiveness for CRC patients. First, the gene expression and clinical profiles for CRC patients were obtained from TCGA and GEO database. Using weighted gene co-expression network analysis, we identified hub genes showing the strongest correlations with both disulfidptosis and glycolysis activities. Next, a DGRG risk score signature was successfully developed through univariate and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator method Cox regression method. A DGRG risk score-based nomogram could further enhance the predictive performance. In addition, an array of systemic analysis was performed to unravel the correlation of DGRG risk score with tumor microenvironment. The results showed that CRC patients with low DGRG risk level had up-regulated immune cell infiltrations, enhanced metabolic activities and heightened gene mutation frequencies, while high risk patients was the opposite. Moreover, our present study identified low risk CRC patients as potential beneficiaries from immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapies. Our present work highlighted the potential utility of DGRG risk score signature in prognosis prediction and ICI responsiveness determination for CRC patients, which demonstrated promising clinical application value.
Tetraspanins predict the prognosis and characterize the tumor immune microenvironment of glioblastoma
Authors: Li Yu-Chao , Wu Yue , Chen Gang , Zhu Li-Zhi , Luo Xiu , Nie Qian-Qian , Zhang Lu , Zuo Chang-Jing
Published: August 2023

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive and lethal primary brain tumor. Conventional treatments have not achieved breakthroughs in improving survival. Therefore, novel molecular targets and biomarkers need to be identified. As signal transduction docks on the cell membrane, tetraspanins (TSPANs) are associated with various tumors; however, research on their role in GBM remains extremely scarce. Gene expression and clinicopathological characteristic data were obtained from GEPIA, CGGA, HPA, cBioPortal, and GSCA databases to analyze the mRNA and protein expression levels, prognostic value, clinical relevance, mutation status, and targeted drug sensitivity of TSPANs in GBM. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), Gene Ontology (GO), and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis were used for biological process enrichment. Data from TCGA and TCIA were used to construct the tumor immune microenvironment landscape of TSPANs. Different R software algorithms were used to analyze the immune score, immune cell infiltration, and immune checkpoint correlation. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed for TSPAN4, which had the most significant predictive prognostic value, and a nomogram model was constructed to predict individual outcomes. The expression and function of TSPAN4 were verified in vitro. TSPAN3/4/6/11/12/18/23/24/25/26/27/28/29/30/31expressions were significantly upregulated in GBM, and TSPAN3/4/6/11/18/24/25/26/29/30 were strongly correlated with prognosis. The expression of multiple TSPANs significantly correlated with 1p/19q co-deletion status, IDH mutation status, recurrence, age, and tumor grade. GSEA and GO analyses revealed the potential contribution of TSPANs in cell adhesion and migration. Immune correlation analysis revealed that TSPANs are related to the formation of the GBM tumor microenvironment (TME) and may influence immunotherapy outcomes. TSPAN4 is an independent prognostic factor and TSPAN4 knockdown has been demonstrated to strongly inhibit glioma cell proliferation, invasion, and migration in vitro. We comprehensively elaborated the prognostic value and potential role of differentially expressed TSPANs in GBM, including molecules that scientists have previously overlooked. This study provides a novel and comprehensive perspective on the pathological mechanisms of GBM and the future direction of individualized tumor immunotherapy, which may be a critical link between GBM malignant progression and TME remodeling.
Tidal transports from satellite observations of earth’s magnetic field
Authors: Saynisch-Wagner Jan , Baerenzung Julien , Hornschild Aaron , Thomas Maik
Published: August 2023

The tides are a major driver of global oceanic mixing. While global tidal elevations are very well observed by satellite altimetry, the global tidal transports are much less well known. For twenty years, magnetic signals induced by the ocean tides have been detectable in satellite magnetometer observations, such as Swarm or CHAMP. Here, we demonstrate how satellite magnetometer observations can be used to directly derive global ocean tidal transports. As an advantage over other tidal transport estimates, our tidal estimates base on very few and very loose constraints from numerical forward models.
Improving speech perception for hearing-impaired listeners using audio-to-tactile sensory substitution with multiple frequency channels
Authors: Fletcher Mark D. , Verschuur Carl A. , Perry Samuel W.
Published: August 2023

Cochlear implants (CIs) have revolutionised treatment of hearing loss, but large populations globally cannot access them either because of disorders that prevent implantation or because they are expensive and require specialist surgery. Recent technology developments mean that haptic aids, which transmit speech through vibration, could offer a viable low-cost, non-invasive alternative. One important development is that compact haptic actuators can now deliver intense stimulation across multiple frequencies. We explored whether these multiple frequency channels can transfer spectral information to improve tactile phoneme discrimination. To convert audio to vibration, the speech amplitude envelope was extracted from one or more audio frequency bands and used to amplitude modulate one or more vibro-tactile tones delivered to a single-site on the wrist. In 26 participants with normal touch sensitivity, tactile-only phoneme discrimination was assessed with one, four, or eight frequency bands. Compared to one frequency band, performance improved by 5.9% with four frequency bands and by 8.4% with eight frequency bands. The multi-band signal-processing approach can be implemented in real-time on a compact device, and the vibro-tactile tones can be reproduced by the latest compact, low-powered actuators. This approach could therefore readily be implemented in a low-cost haptic hearing aid to deliver real-world benefits.
Exceptional multi-year prediction skill of the Kuroshio Extension in the CESM high-resolution decadal prediction system
Authors: Kim Who M. , Yeager Stephen G. , Danabasoglu Gokhan , Chang Ping
Published: August 2023

The Kuroshio Extension (KE) has far-reaching influences on climate as well as on local marine ecosystems. Thus, skillful multi-year to decadal prediction of the KE state and understanding sources of skill are valuable. Retrospective forecasts using the high-resolution Community Earth System Model (CESM) show exceptional skill in predicting KE variability up to lead year 4, substantially higher than the skill found in a similarly configured low-resolution CESM. The higher skill is attained because the high-resolution system can more realistically simulate the westward Rossby wave propagation of initialized ocean anomalies in the central North Pacific and their expression within the sharp KE front, and does not suffer from spurious variability near Japan present in the low-resolution CESM that interferes with the incoming wave propagation. These results argue for the use of high-resolution models for future studies that aim to predict changes in western boundary current systems and associated biological fields.
Polymorphism in N-(5-methylisoxazol-3-yl)malonamide: understanding the supramolecular structure and the crystallization mechanism
Authors: Pagliari Anderson B. , Rosa Jéssica M. L. , de Lima Priscila S. V. , Zimmer Geórgia C. , da Silva Maria E. C. , de Oliveira Érica G. , Bonacorso Helio G. , Zanatta Nilo , Martins Marcos A. P.
Published: August 2023

Variations in solvents, flexibility, and the presence/absence of amide–amide interactions can modulate the competition between amide-containing isoxazole polymorphs.
Ferromagnetic half-metal with high Curie temperature in Cr P nanoribbons: good material for spintronic applications
Authors: Movlarooy Tayebeh , Vatankhahan Adeleh
Published: August 2023

It is revealed that CrPNRs had a high Curie temperature of more than 690 K, indicating that this nanoribbon is a useful ferromagnetic material for nanoelectronic devices and spintronic applications at room temperature.
Broadband ultraviolet plasmonic enhanced AlGaN/GaN heterojunction photodetectors with close-packed Al nanoparticle arrays
Authors: Xu Leilei , Ge Xiaotian , Huang Zengli , Liu Tong , Wang Rongxin , Gao Hongwei , Zhou Yu , Wang Miao , Wang Jianfeng , Xu Ke
Published: August 2023

By fabricating close-packed Al nanoparticle (NP) arrays on a AlGaN surface using AAO templates transferring method, significant broadband ultraviolet (UV) photoresponse enhancement is demonstrated on AlGaN/GaN heterojunction photodetectors.
Nonadiabatic quantum dynamics of the charge transfer reaction H+ + NO(X2Π) → H + NO+(X1Σ+)
Authors: Wang Zhimo , Hou Siting , Xie Changjian
Published: August 2023

Nonadiabatic dynamics of the charge transfer reaction H+ + NO(X2Π) → H + NO+(X1Σ+) features a complex-forming mechanism, non-statistical behavior, and high reactivity.
A dual Z-scheme heterojunction Cu-CuTCPP/Cu2O/CoAl-LDH for photocatalytic CO2 reduction to C1 and C2 products
Authors: Xia Cheng , Guo Rui-tang , Bi Zhe-xu , Zhang Zhen-rui , Li Chu-fan , Pan Wei-guo
Published: August 2023

In this research, a ternary Cu-CuTCPP/Cu2O/CoAl-LDH composite with a dual Z-scheme heterostructure was fabricated based on a Cu2O photocatalyst and applied in photocatalytic CO2 reduction.
Precise design and in situ synthesis of hollow Co9S8@CoNi-LDH heterostructure for high-performance supercapacitors
Authors: Zhou Jiachao , Wang Yingchao , Chen Linli , Zhao Wenna , Han Lei
Published: August 2023

A precisely designed hollow Co9S8 nanotubes@CoNi-LDH nanosheet core–shell heterostructure is prepared by an in situ strategy and displays outstanding specific capacitance and long-stem lifespan.
Facile construction of a sulfur vacancy defect-decorated CoSx@In2S3 core/shell heterojunction for efficient visible-light-driven photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Zhang Jian , Zhao Weixian , Qian Canhui , Cui Yan , Li Yonghua , Chen Wei , Li Jin , Huang Huajie , Li Xing'ao , Zhu Xinbao
Published: August 2023

The surface VS in CoSx@In2S3 enhances the charge-separation efficiency of In2S3 through rearranging the electrons of the In2S3 basal plane, in addition to improving the electron-transfer efficiency.
A possible atmospheric source of HNO3: the ammonolysis reaction of t-N2O4 in the presence of water monomer, water dimer, and sulfuric acid
Authors: Mu Ruxue , Zhou Weixin , Hong Zhaozhao , Wang Rui , Liu Quan , Zhang Qiang , Jiang Min , Muthiah Balaganesh , Zhang Tianlei
Published: August 2023

The effort of water monomer, water dimer, and sulfuric acid on the ammonolysis of t-N2O4 were studied by quantum chemical method and the Master equation rate calculations.
Towards durable practical lithium–metal batteries: advancing the feasibility of poly-DOL-based quasi-solid-state electrolytes via a novel nitrate-based additive
Authors: Wang Zilong , Wang Yuhao , Shen Longyun , Jin Zhaoqing , Law Ho Mei , Wang Anbang , Wang Weikun , Ciucci Francesco
Published: August 2023

TEGDN-QSSE could form a N-rich SEI on the surface of a Li metal anode, protecting it from parasitic reactions and preventing Li dendrites. A pouch-type Li–S cell with TEGDN-QSSE could stably cycle 50 times.
A phenazine-based conjugated microporous polymer as a high performing cathode for aluminium–organic batteries
Authors: Grieco Rebecca , Luzanin Olivera , Alvan Diego , Liras Marta , Dominko Robert , Patil Nagaraj , Bitenc Jan , Marcilla Rebeca
Published: August 2023

A phenazine-based conjugated microporous polymer cathode provides high cycle stability (75% retention after 127 days), low capacity fade (0.19 mA h g−1 per day) and excellent rate capability (62 mA h g−1; 54% retention at 50C).
Novel elastic rubbers from CO2-based polycarbonates
Authors: Chiarioni Giulia , van Duin Martin , Pescarmona Paolo P.
Published: August 2023

We report the synthesis of novel elastic rubbers based on polycarbonates prepared by the terpolymerisation of CO2 with a long-alkyl-chain epoxide and an unsaturated epoxide.
Fraunhofer-type absorption lines from a submerged Cu target by long-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy: toward non-gated detection
Authors: Li Nan , Nishi Naoya , Zheng Ronger , Zheng Yongqiu , Guan Jinge , Xue Chenyang , Zhang Zengxing , Sakka Tetsuo
Published: August 2023

Clear underwater Fraunhofer-type absorption lines can be well observed by long-pulse LIBS with non-gated detection, enabling it to show significant advantages in underwater on-site analysis.
Difficulties and artefacts in cryo-fixation of ovarian tissues for X-ray fluorescence analyses
Authors: Gianoncelli Alessandra , Mikuš Katarina Vogel- , Salomé Murielle , Pascotto Ernesto , Ricci Giuseppe , Pascolo Lorella
Published: August 2023

Even though measurements in cryogenic conditions are the preferred choice for single-cell and plant analyses, cryo-fixation of human or animal soft tissues for X-ray fluorescence analysis still remains challenging.
Micro-flower like 1T-2H-MoS2@ZIF8@C composites for efficient interfacial solar vapor generation
Authors: Zheng Yulong , Zhang Hui , Han Pei , Zhang Zhaoshun , Zuo Xueqin , Yang Qun , Tang Huaibao , Jin Shaowei , Li Guang
Published: August 2023

Interfacial evaporator of 1T-2H-MoS2@ZIF8@C composite for water evaporation to increase evaporation rates.
The role ofCaenorhabditis elegansin the discovery of natural products for healthy aging
Authors: Kirchweger Benjamin , Zwirchmayr Julia , Grienke Ulrike , Rollinger Judith M.
Published: August 2023

This review covers the role of the nematodeCaenorhabditis elegansas a whole organism model to study natural products for healthy aging. Literature between 2012 and 2023 was comprehensively analysed and is presented in a concise way.
Structural and electrochemical progress of O3-type layered oxide cathodes for Na-ion batteries
Authors: Ma Xiaowei , Yang Chen , Xu Ziyang , Li Ruiqi , Song Li , Zhang Mingdao , Yang Mei , Jin Yachao
Published: August 2023

This work reviews the research progress and challenges of O3-type layered transition metal oxide cathodes for sodium-ion batteries and proposes a series of performance improvement strategies.
Correction: In situ synthesis of silver nanowire gel and its super-elastic composite foams
Authors: Huang Shu , Feng Chuang , Mayes Edwin L. H. , Yao Bicheng , He Zijun , Asadi Sajjad , Alan Tuncay , Yang Jie
Published: August 2023

Correction for ‘In situ synthesis of silver nanowire gel and its super-elastic composite foams’ by Shu Huang et al., Nanoscale, 2020, 12, 19861–19869, https://doi.org/10.1039/D0NR03958F.
Furan ring opening reaction for the synthesis of 2,5-dicarbonyl-3-ene-phosphates
Authors: Wahab Abdul , Cheng Guanghai , Su Hang , Yang Lihua , Gao Ziwei , Yu Binxun
Published: August 2023

Furan ring opening reactions are essential in organic synthesis, enabling the incorporation of diverse functional groups and the construction of complex molecular structures.
Diastereoisomeric enrichment of 1,4-enediols and H2-splitting inhibition on Pd-supported catalysts
Authors: Ballesteros-Soberanas Jordi , Mon Marta , Leyva-Pérez Antonio
Published: August 2023

The semi-hydrogenation reaction of gemini alkynes proceeds with palladium-supported catalysts in a diastereoisomerically-enriched way to give mainly meso 1,4-enediols, which inhibit the dissociation of H2 on the palladium catalyst.
Solid-phase synthesis of iterative RAFT single unit monomer insertion adducts
Authors: Hakobyan Karen , Noble Benjamin B. , Xu Jiangtao
Published: August 2023

In this article, we disclose the use of a solid-phase methodology to synthesise iterative RAFT single unit monomer insertion (SUMI) adducts.
Boosting the overall specific capacity of SiO electrodes for lithium-ion batteries using a multifunctional carbon cloth current collector
Authors: Chen Hao , Wang Jiajie , Guan Ziheng , Tao Yingjie , Li Lanze , Wei Junjie , Ma Shijie , Yan Zhilin , Han Jing , Wang Fan , Shen Zhehong , Yang Deren
Published: August 2023

An approach of coating high-capacity active materials on current collectors with capacity-contributing ability is proposed to produce high-capacity electrodes.
Silver decorated on cobalt ferrite nanoparticles as a reusable multifunctional catalyst for water treatment applications in non-radiation conditions
Authors: Ngoc Hoa Le Thi , An Vu Nang , Tra My Vo Huynh , Thu Giang Pham Thi , Top Le Khac , Chi Nhan Ha Thuc , Thang Phan Bach , Thanh Van Tran Thi , Van Hieu Le
Published: August 2023

Ag/CFO NPs as a reusable multifunctional catalyst were fabricated using jasmine extract as a reducing agent of Ag⁺ ions. In this material, CFO NPs were vital in degrading various dyes; Ag NPs validated the roles in dye adsorption, reduction of 4-nitrophenol, and antibacterial activity.
Influence of rheology and micropatterns on spreading, retraction and fingering of an impacting drop
Authors: Pandian Santhosh Kumar , Broom Matheu , Balzan Miguel , Willmott Geoff R.
Published: August 2023

Following a drop impact, rheology and micropillar surface designs influence various spreading and retraction phenomena, including asymmetry thresholds.
An interfacially stacked covalent porous polymer on graphene favors electronic mobility: ensuring accelerated oxygen reduction reaction kinetics by an in situ study
Authors: Kumar Greesh , Das Sabuj Kanti , Siddharthan Erakulan E. , Biswas Ashmita , Bhardwaj Sakshi , Das Manisha , Thapa Ranjit , Dey Ramendra Sundar
Published: August 2023

Ph-ring flipping induced electron transfer for enhancement of electron density on FeN4 active sites via gaining an all-planar orientation of the pyrene-Ph-porphyrin unit benefits the ORR with a low overpotential has been demonstrated in this study.
Machine learning-assisted prediction of water adsorption isotherms and cooling performance
Authors: Liu Zhilu , Shen Dongchen , Cai Shanshan , Tu Zhengkai , Li Song
Published: August 2023

Efficient machine learning models were demonstrated to predict water adsorption isotherms of various adsorbents based on uptake pressures and structure properties, as well as predict adsorption cooling performance based on isotherm features.
Two-dimensional Janus perovskite oxynitrides as active photocatalysts for overall water splitting with ferroelectric modulation
Authors: Yu Zhichao , Li Bowen , Bai Haoyun , Pan Hui
Published: August 2023

In-plane ferroelectricity can control the band structures of 2D BaVNO2 for optimized photocatalytic activity. Remarkable overall photocatalytic performance is achieved through effective ferroelectric modulation and heterostructure engineering.
Insights into the antimicrobial properties of a cationic steroid and antibiofilm performance in PDMS-based coatings to potentially treat urinary infections
Authors: Neves Ana Rita , Freitas-Silva Joana , Durães Fernando , Silva Elisabete R. , Rodrigues Inês C. , Mergulhão Filipe , Gomes Marisa , Teixeira-Santos Rita , Bernardes André Maria , Silva Renata , Remião Fernando , Pinto Eugénia , da Costa Paulo Martins , Sousa Emília , Correia da Silva Marta
Published: August 2023

Currently, multidrug-resistant (MDR) infections are one of the most important threats, driving the search for new antimicrobial compounds.
Synthesis approaches of amphiphilic copolymers for spherical micelle preparation: application in drug delivery
Authors: Aliabadi Ali , Hasannia Maliheh , Vakili-Azghandi Masoume , Araste Fatemeh , Abnous Khalil , Taghdisi Seyed Mohammad , Ramezani Mohammad , Alibolandi Mona
Published: August 2023

ROP, ATRP, RAFT and combined methods were employed for copolymer synthesis. The synthesized copolymers have proficiency of self-assembly into micellar structures.
Microstrip antenna modelling based on image‐based convolutional neural network
Authors: Fu Hao , Tian Yubo , Meng Fei , Li Qing , Ren Xuefeng
Published: August 2023

Convolutional neural networks (CNN) have a strong feature extraction ability for images and present a high level of efficiency and accuracy in object detection and image recognition. When CNN is used to model microwave devices, the existing literature generally uses its size parameters as one‐dimensional (1‐D) input, which does not give full play to the image‐processing ability of CNN. In order to make full use of the characteristics of CNN, this letter converts the 1‐D input of microwave devices into the form of an image model, that is, the 1‐D input is transformed into a two‐dimensional (2‐D) matrix composed of 0 and 1 as the input. The image model is combined with CNN, called image‐based CNN (ICNN), which establishes a deep learning surrogate model between the physical parameters and electrical properties of microwave devices and improves the accuracy and generalization ability of the model. Taking the resonant frequency of the microstrip antenna as a simulation example, modelling was carried out by the proposed ICNN and compared with the mainstream machine learning methods. The results show that the proposed method has high convergence and fitting accuracy.
A double T‐type H‐bridge reduced switch multilevel inverter for a wide range of DC voltage variations
Authors: Zolfagharian Omid , Mirzaei Mehrdad , Dastfan Ali
Published: August 2023

Renewable energy sources are subject to input source uncertainties, which can negatively impact output voltage THD. Having a high number of voltage levels in multilevel inverters (MLIs) with minimum components is cost‐effective. This paper proposes a new structure, Double T‐type H‐bridge (DTH) module, that can produce 9, 13, 17, 19, 21, and 25 levels using reduced components. Switching patterns in MLIs refer to the way in which the power switches are controlled to generate the desired output voltage waveform. As a result, having more switching patterns make the converter flexible to produce voltage levels in the face of input source uncertainties. The DTH structure provides new switching patterns, making it possible to produce levels when the difference of capacitor voltage is negative in a positive cycle or vice versa. This paper presents a new algorithm based on nearest level control to order voltage levels in ascending order, which improves output THD significantly. This topology brings a lower switching state that is linked to switching losses directly compared to the topologies with the same number of power switches. The DTH module's performance is evaluated through graphical analysis, simulations, and experimental results in symmetrical, asymmetrical, and load change conditions.
Benchmarking Gaia DR3 Apsis with the Hyades and Pleiades open clusters
Authors: Brandner Wolfgang , Calissendorff Per , Kopytova Taisiya
Published: August 2023

Context. The Gaia astrophysical parameters inference system (Apsis) provides astrophysical parameter estimates for several to hundreds of millions of stars.

Aims. We aim to benchmark Gaia DR3 Apsis.

Methods. We compiled approximately 1500 bona fide single stars in the Hyades and Pleiades open clusters for validation of PARSEC isochrones, and for comparison with Apsis estimates. PARSEC stellar isochrones in the Gaia photometric system enable us to assign average ages and metallicities to the clusters, and mass, effective temperature, luminosity, and surface gravity to the individual stars.

Results. Apsis does not recover the single-age, single-metallicity characteristic of the cluster populations. Ages assigned to cluster members seemingly follow the input template for Galactic populations, with earlier-type stars being systematically assigned younger ages than later-type stars. Cluster metallicities are underestimated by 0.10–0.2 dex. Effective temperature estimates are in general reliable. Surface gravity estimates reveal strong systematic errors for specific ranges of the Gaia BP − RP colours.

Conclusions. We caution that Gaia DR3 Apsis estimates can be subject to significant systematic uncertainties. Some of the Apsis estimates, such as metallicity, might only be meaningful for statistical studies of the time-averaged Galactic stellar population, but are not recommended to be used for individual stars.
Clinical Evaluation of a New In-Line Continuous Blood Gas Monitor
Authors: Southworth Rhonda , Sutton Robin , Mize Sam , Stammers Alfred H. , Fristoe Lance W. , Cook David , Hostetler Dan , Richenbacher Wayne E.
Published: August 2023

Two methodologies for obtaining accurate blood gas and electrolyte values during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) are traditional laboratory analyzers, which use an electrochemical technology, and continuous in-line monitoring systems, which use a fluorometric and/or spectrophotometric technology. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the accuracy of a new continuous in-line monitor, the 3M™ CDI™ Blood Parameter Monitoring System 500, which provides continuous in-line measurements of pH, PCO2, PO2, potassium (K+), oxygen saturation, hematocrit, hemoglobin, and temperature, during partial or complete CPB. Study parameters included arterial pH, PCO2, PO2 , and K+ values. Overall performance was analyzed by calculating the mean difference (expressed as the bias) between the CDI system 500 and the laboratory analyzer for each parameter. The accuracy of the arterial pH, PCO2, and K+ values provided by the CDI system 500 was then evaluated using target values established in the acceptable performance standards for laboratory analyzers from the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Act of 1988 (CLIA '88). The accuracy of the PO2 value provided by the CDI system 500 was evaluated using a target value of ± 10% of the reference, or laboratory analyzer, value.

A prospective multi-center trial was conducted following Institutional Review Board approval. A total of 75 cases was included in the analyses, with over 200 data points from 4 clinicallocations. Results for pH, PCO2 , and K+ were within the target values established by CLIA '88. pH bias was 0.00 ± 0.02 pH units. PCO2 bias was −0.3 ± 3.3 mm Hg. K+ bias was approximately + 0.12 ± 0.31 mmole/l. Results for PO2 were within 10% of the reference value. PO2 bias was 7.5 ± 13.8 mm Hg.

The results of this clinical trial show that the CDI System 500 continuous in-line monitoring system provides values that meet the accuracy standards for laboratory analyzers for arterial pH, PCO2, PO2, and K+.
Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitor: Differential Effects on Pulmonary Neutrophil and Monocyte Sequestration Following Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Authors: McCann Ulysse G. , Gatto Louis A. , Searles Bruce , Carney David E. , Lutz Charles J. , Picone Anthony L. , Schiller Henry J. , Nieman Gary F.
Published: August 2023

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) following cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), also known as “post-pump” or “post-perfusion syndrome” (PPS), results from sequential priming and activation of neutrophils. We hypothesized that chemically modified tetracycline (CMT-3) an inhibitor of neutrophil matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and elastase, would prevent PPS. We performed histometric analysis of lung tissue from our porcine PPS model to correlate cellular sequestration and histologic injury with CMT-3 treatment. Methods: Yorkshire pigs were randomized into five groups: Control (n=3); CPB (n=5); femoral-femoral bypass 1 hour; LPS (n=7), Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (1μg/kg); CPB+LPS (n=6); and CPB+LPS+CMT (n=5), sequential insults and CMT-3. Protocol histometric analysis defined cellular and tissue components of lung injury. Results: CMT-3 decreased neutrophil sequestration in the CPB+LPS+CMT-3 group (p<0.0001 vs. CPB+LPS). There were no differences in monocytes between CPB+LPS and CPB+LPS+CMT treatment groups. Conclusions: CMT-3 attenuates neutrophil sequestration but has no effect on mononuclear sequestration in our PPS model. This finding supports current research on leukocyte chemokines and has important implications regarding mechanisms of CMT-3. Despite lack of monocyte response to CMT-3, PPS was prevented by inhibiting neutrophils alone; confirming the primary role of neutrophils in PPS.
Pharmacological Effect of Nitroprusside on Platelet Aggregation
Authors: Parrish Pamela R. , Larson Douglas F.
Published: August 2023

Adequate platelet function and numbers are critical for postcardiopulmonary bypass patients. Endogenous and pharmacological sources of nitric oxide (NO) are known inhibitors of platelet aggregation. Sodium nitroprusside (SNP), used clinically to control blood pressure, is an inorganic source of NO. Our long-term goal is to determine if SNP infusion in the venous return line of the cardiopulmonary bypass system would preserve platelet numbers and function without affecting systemic vascular resistance. Our first requirement to accomplish this goal was to develop an assay that would detect the SNP effect on platelet aggregation. We, therefore, tested the hypothesis that clinical concentrations of SNP would inhibit platelet aggregation. We quantified platelet aggregation with the Medtronic Hepcon HMS whole blood aggregometer. Normal heparinized human blood was treated with 0.625 to 12.5 nM platelet activating factor (PAF), 0.25 to 5.0 µM epinephrine, or 0.20 to 10 µM adenosine 58-diphosphate (ADP) to stimulate platelet aggregation. SNP was added at 10−5 M to determine its affect on PAF, epinephrine, and ADP stimulated platelet aggregation. The results demonstrated that PAF-stimulated platelet aggregation was significantly inhibited with SNP (10−5 M) to 82% (p < .05) of control and epinephrine and ADP mediated aggregation were not significantly affected. In conclusion, at clinically relevant concentrations SNP inhibits platelet aggregation by PAF but not with ADP or epinephrine.
5-Year Incidence of Thrombocytosis and the Effect on Heparin Dose Response and Heparin Requirements
Authors: Gayoso Jodie M.
Published: August 2023

Thrombocytosis has been shown to be associated with heparin resistance. Contact activation of platelets results in release of Platelet Factor 4 from alpha granules present in the platelet cytoplasm. Platelet Factor 4 is a cationic substance that neutralizes heparin. This could result in inadequate heparinization during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Inability to adequately anticoagulate patients with thrombocytosis could result in a poor clinical outcome. A retrospective review of pump records from 1991 to 1996 was used to assess the frequency of thrombocytosis, describe the demographic characteristics of patients with thrombocytosis, and determine the effects on patient heparin dose response (HDR) and additional heparin requirements. A platelet count of 400,000/mm3 was chosen as a cut-off for thrombocytosis. Of the 3281 patients undergoing CPB during this time period, a total of 571 patients were included in this review: 99 had high platelet counts. The over-all prevalence of thrombocytosis during this time period was 3.0%. Patients with thrombocytosis tended to be younger (p = .02), have lower preoperative HCT (p < .001), and weigh less (p < .001). These patients had lower post-heparin loading dose ACTs, lower HDR, required more additional heparin to reach an ACT of 480 sec before CPB, and required more heparin on CPB to maintain the ACT > 480 sec (p < .05). Multiple linear regression was performed and concluded that age, use of NTG and heparin drip preoperatively, and platelet count were significant predictors of the heparin dose response. Use of plasmapheresis to remove platelet-rich plasma (PRP) before CPB was performed in 22 patients, six of whom had high platelet counts. In these patients, removal of PRP resulted in no difference in the amount of additional heparin required pre-CPB to reach an ACT of 480 sec. (p = NS) Additional studies are needed to determine whether use of plasmapheresis is a cost-effective and clinically useful option in patients with thrombocytosis.
Successful Use of Cardiopulmonary Bypass and Ultrafiltration for Metabolic Resuscitation of a Moribund Child With Acute Perianesthetic Rhabdomyolysis: A Case Report of Unsuspected Malignant Hyperthermia
Authors: Edwards Jeff T. , Hamby James K. , Siwek Leland G.
Published: August 2023

Life-threatening malignant hyperthermia and/or related disorders can rapidly strike the genetically susceptible individual when exposed to certain anesthetic agents, producing an acute syndrome in which death is likely unless immediate treatment is provided. This case report describes the use of cardiopulmonary bypass and ultrafiltration to resuscitate a moribund 10-year-old female who developed cardiac arrest from rhabdomyolytic hyperkalemia while receiving a general anesthetic for elective tonsillectomy. Subsequent muscle biopsy indicated the patient was susceptible to malignant hyperthermia.
The Effects of Nitric Oxide on Coagulation During Simulated Extra corporeal Membrane Oxygenation
Authors: Rauch Eric D. , Stammers Alfred H. , Mejak Brian L. , Vang See N. , Viessman Thomas W.
Published: August 2023

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is associated with profound alterations in hemostasis, with platelet dysfunction often being implicated as a causative factor for transfusion. Nitric oxide (NO) has shown to be a rapid yet temporary inhibitor of platelet function. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of NO on platelet number and function in an in vitro ECMO model.

Eight silicone membrane oxygenators were primed with fresh, heparinized, bovine blood and allowed to circulate for 48 hours. The treatment group (NO) consisted of four oxygenators that had an end concentration of 20 ppm NO applied to the sweep gas. Platelet counts, methemoglobin levels, plasma-free hemoglobin levels, activated clotting times, and thromboelastographic (TEG) studies were performed at baseline, 1, 6, 12, and 24 h. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed on sample areas from each oxygenator.

The treatment group maintained an average of 25% higher platelet counts than the control group (85.1 ± 32.0, × 103 versus 66.5 ± 30.9 × 103) although statistical significance was not achieved. Methemoglobin levels were significantly elevated in the treatment circuit at hours 12 and 24 (p< .05). This could be attributed to the lack of a biological interaction that would break down this toxic by-product. TEG indices steadily declined in both groups from baseline (−0.4 ±3.6) to (−17.2 ± 3.3 p <.0007) treatment and (−20 ± 4.5, p<.0001) control, with the treatment circuit maintaining only slightly improved indices over the most of the study. SEM data showed increased fibrin and cellular deposits in the control group (p = .05) when compared with the treatment group.

NO added to the sweep gas of a simulated ECMO circuit at 20 ppm had little effect on the maintenance of platelet number and function.
Effect of Cardiopulmonary Bypass on a Patient with Endocarditis and Malaria
Authors: Gerdes Anja , Joubert-Hübner Elrina , Sievers Hans-Hinrich
Published: August 2023

Knowledge about the effects of cardiopulmonary bypass on malarial patients is scant. Malaria-induced hemolysis can exercerbate by performing extracorporeal circulation on a patient infected with Plasmodium and may, therefore, lead to a critical hemolysis jeopardizing the clinical outcome. A 52-yearold patient suffering from malaria and endocarditis was scheduled for urgent aortic valve replacement. During extracorporeal circulation, free hemoglobin showed an increase to maximum of 392.5 mg/L (normal range < 50 mg/L), while haptoglobin decreased to the lowest value of 0.56 g/L (normal range 0.3–2.0 gL). Although hemolysis increased, pump run, weaning, and the postoperative course were uneventful.
Cardiopulmonary Support for Emergent Innominate Artery Repair Complicating Tracheal Surgery
Authors: Keene Joel J. , Edwards Fred H.
Published: August 2023

Innominate artery rupture is a rare, but usually fatal, complication of tracheal stenosis. Although prevention is key, prompt, appropriate intervention can be life saving. Hemorrhage and airway must simultaneously be controlled. Most deaths occur from exsanguination with adequate ventilation before surgical repair can be effected. In the ideal situation, the event would occur in the operating room. We report on just such a case with concomitant respiratory failure requiring cardiopulmonary support in order to accomplish definitive therapy.
Carbon Dioxide Field Flooding: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Frados Andrew
Published: August 2023

The carbon dioxide surgical field flooding technique has long been tried with varying degrees of success. A recent revival of the technique that began over 40 years ago in cardiac surgery, has brought promise as well as improved results attributable to improved technology. Studies at JFK Medical Center have been very successful using the carbon dioxide surgical fieldflooding technique. Establishing new guidelines will assist other institutions in attempting this “old” technique with renewed success. Modern, more efficient equipment make use of carbon dioxide to displace intracardiac gases a safe procedure. The carbon dioxide field-flooding technique is safer, easier, and more efficacious than traditional de-airing techniques. This study shows that a long-standing procedure is valuable by observing the results, and, retrospectively evaluating stroke rates among cardiac valve cases at the hospital.
Simulation of Ischemic Reperfusion in Endothelial Cell Culture Increases Apoptosis
Authors: Holleyman Carl , Larson Douglas , Hunter Kyler
Published: August 2023

The endothelial layer of the myocardial vasculature serves as an important protective barrier between blood and myocardium. Ischemic reperfusion (I/R) of the endothelium has been shown to initiate a series of events that leads to ischemic reperfusion injury in the heart. At the onset of ischemic reperfusion, endothelial cells initiate apoptosis, a process whereby the cells self-destruct. Ischemic reperfusion was simulated to study its effects on the induction of apoptosis in cultured human endothelial cells (ECV 304). In addition, the cells were treated with nitric oxide (NO) to test its effect on induction of apoptosis. To mimic hypoxia, four ECV 304 cultures were placed in a medium that had been bubbled with pure nitrogen gas for 24 hours. A continuous flow of nitrogen gas was applied to the culture flasks during the course of the 2-hour ischemic period. After 2 hours, the nitrogen was removed from the hypoxic cultures to simulate reperfusion. Exposure to NO was achieved through the NOdonor (±)-S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP) at 100 µM. Cell cultures were exposed to hypoxia only, hypoxia and SNAP, and SNAP only. One positive control was established by exposure to staurosporine. A second positive control was established by exposure to a 30-min heat treatment at 43°C. Two cultures were left untreated to serve as negative controls. All cell cultures were incubated for 4 hours. Apoptosis was detected by the binding of annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate (annexin V-FITC). In addition, morphologic changes detected by electron microscopy were used. Apoptosis increased in all treated cultures, excluding SNAP only treated cells. It was concluded that I/R may lead to induction of apoptosis.
Das primäre Offenwinkelglaukom
Authors: Keye Philip , Lübke Jan
Published: August 2023

Das primäre Offenwinkelglaukom (POWG) als häufigstem Subtyp der Glaukomerkrankungen liegt keine Verlegung des Kammerwinkels zugrunde. Klinisch kommt es zu einem fortschreitenden Verlust von
retinalen Ganglienzellen, der bei Überschreiten einer kritischen Schwelle zu irreversiblen Gesichtsfelddefekten führt. Die bisher einzige evidenzbasierte Therapie ist die Senkung des
Augeninnendrucks (IOD), um die vollständige Erblindung zu verhindern.
A Digital Health Intervention to Improve the Clinical Care of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients
Authors: Chugh Rishika , Liu Andrew W. , Idomsky Yelena , Bigazzi Olivia , Maiorano Ali , Medina Eli , Pierce Logan , Odisho Anobel Y. , Mahadevan Uma
Published: August 2023

Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic condition that requires close monitoring. Digital health virtual care platforms can enable self-monitoring and allow providers to remotely surveil patients and efficiently identify those with active disease.

Objectives The primary aim was to design and implement an IBD remote monitoring program, identify predictors of patient engagement, and determine who found the chat to be a valuable tool.

Methods We developed the IBD Virtual Care Chat, an electronic health record (EHR)-integrated chat to monitor electronic patient reported outcomes (ePROs), medication changes, and disease activity, and subsequently report concerning findings to providers via the EHR. All patients in the IBD practice over age 18 with a clinical encounter in the preceding 12 months were eligible to be enrolled. The primary aim was to identify predictors of patient engagement and determine who found the chat to be a valuable tool.

Results Between May 2021 and March 2022, 2,934 patients were enrolled. A total of 1,160 engaged at least once and 687 (23.4%) continually engaged, submitting at least three ePROs. Disease severity (based on Harvey–Bradshaw Index or Simple Clinical Colitis Activity Index) did not impact ePRO submissions. Patients were significantly more likely to be continually engaged if they self-reported the presence of extraintestinal manifestations (7%, 95% confidence interval: 0.01–0.14; p = 0.04). Patient satisfaction remained moderately high with a median score of 8 (interquartile range: 5–10) on a scale of 1 (poor) to 10 (good).

Conclusion Our program demonstrates the potential for EHR-integrated digital health as part of routine IBD care to achieve sustained engagement with high patient satisfaction.
Recent Applications of TEMPO in Organic Synthesis and Catalysis
Authors: Varala Ravi , Seema Vittal
Published: August 2023

In this spotlight article, authors highlighted the applications of TEMPO in organic synthesis and catalysis starting from 2015 to date.
Using a Markerless Motion Capture System to Identify Preinjury Differences in Functional Assessments
Authors: Laupattarakasem Pat , Cook James L. , Stannard James P. , Smith Patrick A. , Blecha Kyle M. , Guess Trent M. , Sharp Rex L. , Leary Emily
Published: August 2023

Functional assessments identify biomechanical issues which may indicate risk for injury and can be used to monitor functional recovery after an injury or surgery. Although the gold standard to assess functional movements is marker-based motion capture systems, these are cost prohibitive and have high participant burden. As such, this study was conducted to determine if a markerless motion capture system could detect preinjury differences in functional movements between those who did and did not experience a noncontact lower extremity injury (NCLEI). A three-dimensional markerless motion capture system comprised an area of 3 m × 5 m × 2.75 m was used. Participants were Division I collegiate athletes wearing plain black long-sleeve shirts, pants, and running shoes of their choice. Functional assessments were the bilateral squat, right and left squat, double leg drop vertical jump, static vertical jump, right and left vertical jump, and right and left 5 hop. Measures were recorded once and the first NCLEI was recorded during the first year after measurement. Two-factor analysis of variance models were used for each measure with factors sex and injury status. Preinjury functional measures averaged 8.4 ± 3.4 minutes capture time. Out of the 333 participants recruited, 209 were male and 124 were female. Of those, 127 males (61%) and 92 females (74%) experienced later NCLEI. The most common initial NCLEI was nonanterior cruciate ligament knee injury in 38 females (41.3%) and 80 males (62.0%). Females had decreased flexion and lower valgus/varus displacement during the bilateral squat (p < 0.006). In addition, knee loading flexion for those who were not injured were more than that seen in the injured group, and was more pronounced for injured females (p < 0.03). The markerless motion capture system can efficiently provide data that can identify preinjury functional differences for lower extremity noncontact injuries. This method holds promise for effectively screening patients or other populations at risk of injury, as well as for monitoring pre-/postsurgery function, without the large costs or participant burden.
Editorial
Authors: Lang Michael
Published: August 2023

Der Klimawandel und die damit verbundene Energiewende führen uns vor Augen, wie verletzlich unsere Strom- und Wasserversorgung ist.
Krankenhaus-Bauprojekte 2023 und Folgejahre: Viele Bauvorhaben, einige Verzögerungen
Authors: Lang Michael
Published: August 2023

Die Bauaktivitäten im Krankenhausbereich stagnieren unverändert auf hohem Niveau und es kommt zu vielen Verzögerungen. Dies geht aus der aktuellen Marktstudie für 2023 und Folgejahre des Münchner Informationsdienstleister Schwab Marketing hervor.
Generalsanierung im laufenden Betrieb: Erweiterungsbau schafft Entlastung
Authors: Lang Michael
Published: August 2023

An der Ilmtalklinik Pfaffenhofen werden Gebäudeteile vertikal saniert. Jessica Homburg, die stellvertretende Projektleiterin beim Projektsteuerer Hitzler Ingenieure, erläutert das Bauvorhaben und die besonderen Herausforderungen bei dieser Sanierung.
Digitaler Zwilling: Baupläne aus der Cloud
Authors: Lang Michael
Published: August 2023

Das Universitätsklinikum Köln hat in Nordrhein-Westfalen die Vorreiterrolle bei BIM (Building Information Modeling) im Krankenhausbereich übernommen. Die Erkenntnisse eines Pilotprojekts sollen genutzt werden, um schrittweise digitale Zwillinge aller Gebäude auf dem Campus zu erstellen.
Heizung, Lüftung, Klimatisierung: Optimieren für einen reibungslosen Betrieb
Authors: Allgaier Klaus
Published: August 2023

Die Aufrechterhaltung von Temperatur, Luftfeuchtigkeit und Feinstaubkontrolle sind für die Sicherheit der Patienten und des Klinikpersonals sowie für die ordnungsgemäße Funktion medizinischer und diagnostischer Geräte wichtig. Heizung, Lüftung und Klimatisierung (HLK) zählen deshalb zu den kritischen Komponenten im Krankenhaus.
Expressions of the peak time for time-domain boundary measurements of diffuse light
Authors: Eom J. Y. , Machida M. , Nakamura G. , Nishimura G. , Sun C. L.
Published: August 2023

Light propagation through diffusive media can be described by the diffusion equation in a space–time domain. Furthermore, fluorescence can be described by a system of coupled diffusion equations. This paper analyzes time-domain measurements. In particular, the temporal point-spread function is measured at the boundary of a diffusive medium. Moreover, the temporal profile of fluorescence is considered. In both cases, we refer to the maximum temporal position of measured light as the peak time. In this paper, we provide proofs of the existence and uniqueness of the peak time and give explicit expressions of the peak time. The relationship between the peak time and the object position in a medium is clarified.