bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Next-generation sequencing from bulked segregant analysis identifies a dwarfism gene in watermelon
Authors: Dong Wei , Wu Defeng , Li Guoshen , Wu Dewei , Wang Zicheng
Published: February 2018

Dwarfism is one of the most valuable traits in watermelon breeding mainly because of its contribution to yield as well as the decreased labor required to cultivate and harvest smaller plants. However, the underlying genetic mechanism is unknown. In this study, a candidate dwarfism gene was identified by applying next-generation sequencing technology to analyze watermelon plants. We completed a whole-genome re-sequencing of two DNA bulks (dwarf pool and vine pool) generated from plants in an F2 population. A genome-wide analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms resulted in the detection of a genomic region harboring the candidate dwarfism gene Cla010726. The encoded protein was predicted to be a gibberellin 20-oxidase-like protein, which is a well-known “green revolution” protein in other crops. A quantitative real-time PCR investigation revealed that the Cla010726 expression level was significantly lower in the dwarf plants than in the normal-sized plants. The SNP analysis resulted in two SNP locating in the Cla010726 gene promoter of dsh F2 individuals. The results presented herein provide preliminary evidence that Cla010726 is a possible dwarfism gene.
Identification of inorganic compounds in composite alum-treated wooden artefacts from the Oseberg collection
Authors: McQueen Caitlin M. A. , Tamburini Diego , Braovac Susan
Published: February 2018

Alum-treated wooden artefacts from the Oseberg collection display a great deal of morphological, structural and compositional inhomogeneity. Thus, an in-depth understanding of chemical processes underlying their degradation requires consideration of a variety of local environments. In addition to alum, sources of inorganic compounds include metal parts, corrosion products of which can migrate into the surrounding wood. In order to characterise the inorganic compounds a range of local environments, samples from several locations in a selection of composite objects have been investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM)-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). We have found that corrosion of iron rods used in reconstruction has formed iron(II) sulfates, which have migrated into the alum-treated wood to form sulfates containing combinations of potassium, aluminium, iron(II) and iron(III) cations. Reactions of alum were also evident from the presence of alunite in some samples. Areas with significant abundances of zinc sulfates, zinc sulfide and elemental sulfur were also detected. These results provide a first-time window into the complex array of inorganic species that can be present in such composite alum-treated objects.
RHYTHM: An Open Source Imaging Toolkit for Cardiac Panoramic Optical Mapping
Authors: Gloschat Christopher , Aras Kedar , Gupta Shubham , Faye N. Rokhaya , Zhang Hanyu , Syunyaev Roman A. , Pryamonosov Roman A. , Rogers Jack , Kay Matthew W. , Efimov Igor R.
Published: February 2018

Fluorescence optical imaging techniques have revolutionized the field of cardiac electrophysiology and advanced our understanding of complex electrical activities such as arrhythmias. However, traditional monocular optical mapping systems, despite having high spatial resolution, are restricted to a two-dimensional (2D) field of view. Consequently, tracking complex three-dimensional (3D) electrical waves such as during ventricular fibrillation is challenging as the waves rapidly move in and out of the field of view. This problem has been solved by panoramic imaging which uses multiple cameras to measure the electrical activity from the entire epicardial surface. However, the diverse engineering skill set and substantial resource cost required to design and implement this solution have made it largely inaccessible to the biomedical research community at large. To address this barrier to entry, we present an open source toolkit for building panoramic optical mapping systems which includes the 3D printing of perfusion and imaging hardware, as well as software for data processing and analysis. In this paper, we describe the toolkit and demonstrate it on different mammalian hearts: mouse, rat, and rabbit.
Mutations in the Drosophila homolog of human PLA2G6 give rise to age-dependent loss of psychomotor activity and neurodegeneration
Authors: Iliadi Konstantin G. , Gluscencova Oxana B. , Iliadi Natalia , Boulianne Gabrielle L.
Published: February 2018

Infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy (INAD) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder that typically begins within the first few years of life and leads to progressive impairment of movement and cognition. Several years ago, it was shown that >80% of patients with INAD have mutations in the phospholipase gene, PLA2G6. Interestingly, mutations in PLA2G6 are also causative in two other related neurodegenerative diseases, atypical neuroaxonal dystrophy and Dystonia-parkinsonism. While all three disorders give rise to similar defects in movement and cognition, some defects are unique to a specific disorder. At present, the cellular mechanisms underlying PLA2G6-associated neuropathology are poorly understood and there is no cure or treatment that can delay disease progression. Here, we show that loss of iPLA2-VIA, the Drosophila homolog of PLA2G6, gives rise to age-dependent defects in climbing and spontaneous locomotion. Moreover, using a newly developed assay, we show that iPLA2-VIA mutants also display impairments in fine-tune motor movements, motor coordination and psychomotor learning, which are distinct features of PLA2G6-associated disease in humans. Finally, we show that iPLA2-VIA mutants exhibit increased sensitivity to oxidative stress, progressive neurodegeneration and a severely reduced lifespan. Altogether, these data demonstrate that Drosophila iPLA2-VIA mutants provide a useful model to study human PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration.
Synthetic Whole-Cell Biodevices for Targeted Degradation of Antibiotics
Authors: Xia Peng-Fei , Li Qian , Tan Lin-Rui , Liu Miao-Miao , Jin Yong-Su , Wang Shu-Guang
Published: February 2018

Synthetic biology enables infinite possibilities in biotechnology via employing genetic modules. However, not many researches have explored the potentials of synthetic biology in environmental bioprocesses. In this study, we introduced a genetic module harboring the codon-optimized tetracycline degrading gene, tetX.co, into the model host, Escherichia coli, and generated a prototypal whole-cell biodevice for the degradation of a target antibiotic. Our results suggested that E. coli with the tetX.co-module driven by either the PJ23119 or PBAD promoters conferred resistance up to 50 μg/mL of tetracycline and degrades over 95% of tetracycline within 24 h. The detoxification ability of tetX was further verified in conditioned media by typical E. coli K-12 and B strains as well as Shewanella oneidensis. Our strategy demonstrated the feasibility of introducing genetic modules into model hosts to enable environmental functions, and this work will inspire more environmental innovations through synthetic biological devices.
Selective light driven reduction of CO2 to HCOOH in water using a {MoV9}n (n = 1332–3600) based soft-oxometalate (SOM)
Authors: Barman Soumitra , Das Santu , S. S. Sreejith , Garai Somnath , Pochamoni Ramudu , Roy Soumyajit
Published: February 2018

A soft-oxometalate (SOM) based on Mo and V i.e. {MoV9} in their highest oxidation state reduces CO2 to HCOOH selectively in water.
In situ atomic force microscopy study of nano–micro sodium deposition in ester-based electrolytes
Authors: Han Mo , Zhu Chenbo , Ma Ting , Pan Zeng , Tao Zhanliang , Chen Jun
Published: February 2018

This communication reports an in situ atomic force microscopy study of sodium deposition and the effect of additives in an ester-based electrolyte.
Harnessing complexity in molecular self-assembly using computer simulations
Authors: Zeng Xiangze , Zhu Lizhe , Zheng Xiaoyan , Cecchini Marco , Huang Xuhui
Published: February 2018

Computer simulations offer a powerful strategy to explore self-assembly with atomic resolution. Here, we review recent computational studies focusing on both thermodynamic and kinetic aspects.
Investigating multicolour photochromic behaviour of AgCl and AgI thin films loaded with silver nanoparticles
Authors: Talebi Razieh
Published: February 2018

The multicolour photochromic behaviour in Ag–AgCl is wavelength storage of incident beam which lead to colour change of irradiated spot.
Characterization of the influences of morphology on the intrinsic properties of perovskite films by temperature-dependent and time-resolved spectroscopies
Authors: Yu Man , Yuan Shuai , Wang Hao-Yi , Zhao Jia-Shang , Qin Yujun , Fu Li-Min , Zhang Jian-Ping , Ai Xi-Cheng
Published: February 2018

The influences of morphology on the intrinsic properties of perovskite films are quantitatively characterized by temperature-dependent and time-resolved spectroscopies.
Recent advances in three-dimensional graphene based materials for catalysis applications
Authors: Qiu Bocheng , Xing Mingyang , Zhang Jinlong
Published: February 2018

This review presents recent theoretical and experimental progress in the construction, properties, and catalytic applications of 3D graphene-based materials.
Preparation of a mesocellular siliceous foam supported lanthanide-sensitive polymer for the selective adsorption of lanthanides
Authors: Li Wen-kui , Lin Piao , Dai Sheng , Sun Xiao-qi , Shen Ying-lin
Published: February 2018

A novel mesocellular siliceous foam based nanocomposite synthesized for lanthanide selective adsorption is reported.
Urinary benzophenone-type UV filters in people living in South China: rural versus urban areas
Authors: Zhang Bo , Ruan Ju-jun , Xie Lei , Gui Ming-wei , Bai Xue-yuan , Zhang Tao
Published: February 2018

People living in rural and urban areas in South China are exposed to BP-3 and 4-OH-BP. People in urban areas are considerably more exposed to BP-3 and BP-1 than people in rural areas. Sources of human exposure to BPs might be different between rural and urban areas.
Heteroaggregation of nanoplastic particles in the presence of inorganic colloids and natural organic matter
Authors: Oriekhova Olena , Stoll Serge
Published: February 2018

The presence and accumulation of micro- and nanoplastics in marine and fresh waters represent a huge environmental concern.
Sulfidation of nanoscale zerovalent iron in the presence of two organic macromolecules and its effects on trichloroethene degradation
Authors: Bhattacharjee Sourjya , Ghoshal Subhasis
Published: February 2018

Sulfidation of nanoscale zerovalent iron (NZVI) enhances its reactivity to chlorinated organic contaminants such as trichloroethene (TCE).
An intensified atmospheric plasma-based process for the isolation of the chitin biopolymer from waste crustacean biomass
Authors: Borić M. , Puliyalil H. , Novak U. , Likozar B.
Published: February 2018

Atmospheric-pressure DBD plasma was used as a methodology for intensified protein removal from crustacean shell waste.
Solvatochromism of conjugated 4-N,N-dimethylaminophenyl-pyridinium donor–acceptor pairs
Authors: Vidal Matías , Rezende Marcos Caroli , Pastene Camila , Aliaga Carolina , Domínguez Moisés
Published: February 2018

A series of solvatochromic dyes consisting of anN,N-dimethylaminophenyl donor group conjugated with a 1-butylpyridinium acceptor ring through a 1,4-phenylene spacer were synthesized by a three-step procedure.
Iodine promoted dual oxidative C(sp3)–H amination of 2-methyl-3-arylquinazolin-4(3H)-ones: a facile route to 1,4-diarylimidazo[1,5-a]quinazolin-5(4H)-ones
Authors: Donthiboina Kavitha , Namballa Hari Krishna , Shaik Siddiq Pasha , Nanubolu Jagadeesh Babu , Shankaraiah Nagula , Kamal Ahmed
Published: February 2018

An iodine promoted tandem oxidative condensation of benzylamines and 2-methylquinazolin-4-(3H)-ones was developed to yield imidazo[1,5-a]quinazolin-5(4H)-ones.
Copper-catalyzed aerobic cyclizations of tetrahydroisoquinolines with bromoketones and alkenes for the synthesis of 5,6-dihydropyrrolo[2,1-a]isoquinolines
Authors: Wang Wenhui , Sun Jinwei , Hu Huayou , Liu Yun
Published: February 2018

5,6-Dihydropyrrolo[1,2-a]isoquinolines have been synthesized via copper-catalyzed three-component aerobic cyclization reaction.
High-throughput physicochemical analysis of thermoresponsive polymers
Authors: Bou S. J. M. C. , Connolly A. R. , Ellis A. V.
Published: February 2018

A novel high-throughput approach to rapidly measure the lower critical solution temperature, critical micelle concentration and critical micelle temperature of thermoresponsive polymers was developed and utilized to generate a physicochemical ‘MAP’ of a polymer series.
The effect of NaOH on lowering interfacial tension of oil/alkylbenzene sulfonates solution
Authors: Zhao Changming , Jiang Yulian , Li Mengwei , Cheng Tiexin , Yang Wensheng , Zhou Guangdong
Published: February 2018

The increase of NaOH concentration resulted in the compression of the electrical double layer. The distribution of PDABS in the oil phase improved the mutual attraction of lipophilic chains and the close-packed lipophilic groups at the interface.
One-step preparation of a novel SrCO3/g-C3N4 nano-composite and its application in selective adsorption of crystal violet
Authors: Lu Peng , Hu Xueli , Li Yujie , Zhang Meng , Liu Xiaoping , He Youzhou , Dong Fan , Fu Min , Zhang Zhi
Published: February 2018

A novel kind of nanoparticle SrCO3/g-C3N4 was prepared using strontium carbonate (SrCO3) and melamine as raw materials via one-step calcination.
Efficient azobenzene co-sensitizer for wide spectral absorption of dye-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Zhang L. Y. , Zou S. J. , Sun X. H.
Published: February 2018

The combination of two azobenzene dyes leads to a wide spectral absorption and overall light conversion efficiency of 7.1%.
A feasible strategy for self-assembly of gold nanoparticlesviadithiol-PEG for photothermal therapy of cancers
Authors: Fu Yingjie , Feng Qishuai , Shen Yajing , Chen Mengwei , Xu Chang , Cheng Yu , Zhou Xiang
Published: February 2018

We designed and explored self-assembled gold nanoparticles (SAGNPs) by introducing dithiol modified polyethylene glycol (PEG) for internanoparticle cross-linking.
A family of 3d metal clusters based on N–N single bonds bridged quasi-linear trinuclear cores: the Mn analogue displaying single-molecule magnet behavior
Authors: Wang Kai , Tang Shen , Hu Zhao-Bo , Zou Hua-Hong , Wang Xiao-Lu , Li Yan , Zhang Shu-Hua , Chen Zi-Lu , Liang Fu-Pei
Published: February 2018

A family of 3d metal clusters featuring N–N single bonds bridged quasi-linear trinuclear cores were designed and synthesized. The Mn analogue represents a very rare case of quasi-linear 3d SMM using N–N single bonds as magnetic coupling pathways.
Textile-supported silver nanoparticles as a highly efficient and recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for nitroaromatic reduction at room temperature
Authors: Feng Wei , Huang Tingting , Gao Liqian , Yang Xianfeng , Deng Wenbin , Zhou Rui , Liu Hongjun
Published: February 2018

A novel textile-supported nanosilver (TsNS) catalyst was prepared and applied in nitroaromatic reduction with excellent activity, stability and recyclability.
Synthesis of a series of benzothiazole amide derivatives and their biological evaluation as potent hemostatic agents
Authors: Nong Wenqian , Zhao Anran , Wei Jinrui , Cheng Hui , Luo Xuan , Lin Cuiwu
Published: February 2018

New benzothiazole amide derivativeQ2is a potential hemostatic drug molecule with good hemostatic activity.
One-pot synthesis of amine-functionalized graphene oxide by microwave-assisted reactions: an outstanding alternative for supporting materials in supercapacitors
Authors: Caliman C. C. , Mesquita A. F. , Cipriano D. F. , Freitas J. C. C. , Cotta A. A. C. , Macedo W. A. A. , Porto A. O.
Published: February 2018

A simple and straightforward method using microwave-assisted reactions is presented for the functionalization of graphene oxide with aromatic and non-aromatic amines.
An efficient route to N-alkylated 3,4-dihydroisoquinolinones with substituents at the 3-position
Authors: Tazawa Aoi , Ando Junki , Ishizawa Kohei , Azumaya Isao , Hikawa Hidemasa , Tanaka Minoru
Published: February 2018

N-Alkylated 3,4-dihydroisoquinolinone derivatives could be synthesized by N-alkylation of 3,3′-dimethyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline derivatives followed by oxidation of the resulting iminium salts.
Incorporation of redox-inactive cations promotes iron catalyzed aerobic C–H oxidation at mild potentials
Authors: Chantarojsiri Teera , Ziller Joseph W. , Yang Jenny Y.
Published: February 2018

3M catalyzes aerobic cyclohexene oxidation at mild potentials.
Unravelling the structural and dynamical complexity of the equilibrium liquid grain-binding layer in highly conductive organic crystalline electrolytes
Authors: Prakash Prabhat , Aguirre Jordan , Van Vliet Megan. M. , Chinnam Parameswara Rao , Dikin Dmitriy A. , Zdilla Michael J. , Wunder Stephanie L. , Venkatnathan Arun
Published: February 2018

A nanolayer of surface liquid phase in equilibrium with the bulk solid is responsible for the low grain boundary resistance in the solid electrolyte LiCl·DMF, as supported by a combination of experiment, theory, and modelling.
Identifying the chemical and structural irreversibility in LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 – a model compound for classical layered intercalation
Authors: Liu Haodong , Liu Hao , Seymour Ieuan D. , Chernova Natasha , Wiaderek Kamila M. , Trease Nicole M. , Hy Sunny , Chen Yan , An Ke , Zhang Minghao , Borkiewicz Olaf J. , Lapidus Saul H. , Qiu Bao , Xia Yonggao , Liu Zhaoping , Chupas Peter J. , Chapman Karena W. , Whittingham M. Stanley , Grey Clare P. , Meng Ying Shirley
Published: February 2018

Anisotropic disorder along the c-axis results from static disorder.
A microporous metal–organic framework with commensurate adsorption and highly selective separation of xenon
Authors: Xiong Shunshun , Gong Youjin , Hu Shuanglin , Wu Xiaonan , Li Wei , He Yabing , Chen Banglin , Wang Xiaolin
Published: February 2018

A microporous metal–organic framework with a suitable pore/cage-like structure of a precise size matching well with the xenon atom exhibits a commensurate adsorption phenomenon of Xe and superior performance for the removal of Xe from nuclear fuel reprocessing plants.
Robust and selective electrochemical reduction of CO2: the case of integrated 3D TiO2@MoS2 architectures and Ti–S bonding effects
Authors: Yu Luo , Xie Yunlong , Zhou Jianqing , Li Yong , Yu Ying , Ren Zhifeng
Published: February 2018

Integrated 3D porous TiO2@MoS2 architectures containing Ti–S bonds were fabricated for efficient electroreduction of CO2 to CO.
Crystalline assembly of gold nanoclusters for mitochondria targeted cancer theranostics
Authors: Basu Srestha , Goswami Upashi , Paul Anumita , Chattopadhyay Arun
Published: February 2018

Herein, we report the formation of a crystalline assembly of gold (Au) nanoclusters for cancer theranosticsviaactive targeting of mitochondria.
A study of the effect of pyridine linkers on the viscosity and electrochromic properties of metallo-supramolecular coordination polymers
Authors: Pai Sandesh , Schott Marco , Niklaus Lukas , Posset Uwe , Kurth Dirk G.
Published: February 2018

We present the optical, electrochemical, and electrochromic properties of Fe(ii)-, Co(ii)- and Ru(ii)-based metallo-supramolecular polymers (MEPEs) self-assembled from rigid, π-conjugated bis-terpyridines with different numbers of pyridine linkers.
Tuning protein assembly pathways through superfast amyloid-like aggregation
Authors: Li Chen , Xu Lu , Zuo Yi Y. , Yang Peng
Published: February 2018

Three structural elements for protein assembly are proposed, which guide superfast amyloid-like globular protein aggregation towards macroscopic nanofilms and microparticles.
Small size yet big action: a simple sulfate anion templated a discrete 78-nuclearity silver sulfur nanocluster with a multishell structure
Authors: Cheng Li-Ping , Wang Zhi , Wu Qiao-Yu , Su Hai-Feng , Peng Tao , Luo Geng-Geng , Li Yan-An , Sun Di , Zheng Lan-Sun
Published: February 2018

A discrete 78-nuclearity Ag nanocluster with a sulfate-centered multishell structure was obtained, indicating that simple anions can induce the formation of high-nuclearity Ag clusters.
Palladium-catalyzed silaborative carbocyclizations of 1,6-diynes
Authors: Zhang Qian , Liang Qiu-Ju , Xu Jian-Lin , Xu Yun-He , Loh Teck-Peng
Published: February 2018

An addition/cyclization reaction of 1,6-diynes was developed for the synthesis of highly substituted 1,2-dialkylidenecycloalkanes.
Rational selection of the cation of an ionic liquid to control the reaction outcome of a substitution reaction
Authors: Hawker Rebecca R. , Haines Ronald S. , Harper Jason B.
Published: February 2018

Rational selection of ionic liquids to get the rate constant you want in a substitution process.
Photochromism of a spiro-functionalized diarylethene derivative: multi-colour fluorescence modulation with a photon-quantitative photocyclization reactivity
Authors: Nakagawa Tetsuya , Miyasaka Yosuke , Yokoyama Yasushi
Published: February 2018

A spiro-functionalized photochromic diarylethene derivative showed multi-color fluorescence modulation with a photon-quantitative photocyclization reactivity.
An electrophilic reagent for the synthesis of OCHFMe-containing molecules
Authors: Carbonnel Elodie , Pannecoucke Xavier , Besset Tatiana , Jubault Philippe , Poisson Thomas
Published: February 2018

Herein the synthesis of a novel and bench stable electrophilic reagent to construct the OCFHMe motif from O-nucleophiles has been described.
Mixed-matrix materials using metal–organic polyhedra with enhanced compatibility for membrane gas separation
Authors: Fulong Cressa Ria P. , Liu Junyi , Pastore Vincent J. , Lin Haiqing , Cook Timothy R.
Published: February 2018

The dispersion of metal–organic polyhedra into polymer thin-films exploits the host/guest capabilities of the former and the processability of the latter.
A new triazine-based covalent organic polymer for efficient photodegradation of both acidic and basic dyes under visible light
Authors: Xu Ning , Wang Rui-Lei , Li Dong-Peng , Meng Xing , Mu Jing-Lin , Zhou Zi-Yan , Su Zhong-Min
Published: February 2018

COP-NT can be used as an efficient photocatalyst for the degradation of methyl orange (MO), rhodamine B (RhB) and methylene blue (MB).
Enhanced glucose sensing based on a novel composite CoII-MOF/Acb modified electrode
Authors: Wen Yuanyuan , Meng Wei , Li Chen , Dai Lei , He Zhangxing , Wang Ling , Li Ming , Zhu Jing
Published: February 2018

A novel electrochemical sensor composed of a composite of CoII-MOF/acetylene black exhibits enhanced sensing behavior for glucose detection.
Correction: The stability and generation pattern of thermally formed isocyanic acid (ICA) in air – potential and limitations of proton transfer reaction-mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) for real-time workroom atmosphere measurements
Authors: Jankowski Mikolaj Jan , Olsen Raymond , Thomassen Yngvar , Molander Paal
Published: February 2018

Correction for ‘The stability and generation pattern of thermally formed isocyanic acid (ICA) in air – potential and limitations of proton transfer reaction-mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) for real-time workroom atmosphere measurements’ by Mikolaj Jan Jankowski et al., Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts, 2016, 18, 810–818.
Correction: Comparison of air samplers for determination of isocyanic acid and applicability for work environment exposure assessment
Authors: Jankowski Mikolaj Jan , Olsen Raymond , Thomassen Yngvar , Molander Paal
Published: February 2018

Correction for ‘Comparison of air samplers for determination of isocyanic acid and applicability for work environment exposure assessment’ by Mikolaj Jan Jankowski et al., Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts, 2017, 19, 1075–1085.
Interspecies differences in the cytochrome P450 activity of hepatocytes exposed to PLGA and silica nanoparticles: an in vitro and in vivo investigation
Authors: Cornu Raphaël , Rougier Nathalie , Pellequer Yann , Lamprecht Alf , Hamon Paul , Li Ruoya , Beduneau Arnaud , Martin Hélène
Published: February 2018

This study emphasizes the interest to set up relevant in vitro models using human hepatic cells to evaluate the hepatotoxicity of nanomedicines.
An efficient synthesis of 16H-dibenzo[2,3:6,7][1,4]oxazepino[5,4-b]quinazolin-16-ones via an Ullmann reaction catalyzed by CuI
Authors: Zhang Yan , Liu Jian-Quan , Wang Xiang-Shan
Published: February 2018

16H-Dibenzo[2,3:6,7][1,4]oxazepino[5,4-b]quinazolin-16-ones were obtained from the available reactants 2-amino-N-(2-hydroxyphenyl)benzamide and 2-bromobenzaldehyde via an Ullmann reaction catalyzed by CuI.
Metal-free synthesis of imidazole by BF3·Et2O promoted denitrogenative transannulation of N-sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazole
Authors: Yang Dongdong , Shan Lihong , Xu Ze-Feng , Li Chuan-Ying
Published: February 2018

The first BF3·Et2O promoted metal-free denitrogenative transannulation of N-sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazole was reported, leading to the synthesis of functionalized imidazoles with a broad scope.
Green-solvent processable semiconducting polymers applicable in additive-free perovskite and polymer solar cells: molecular weights, photovoltaic performance, and thermal stability
Authors: Lee Junwoo , Lee Tack Ho , Byranvand Mahdi Malekshahi , Choi Kyoungwon , Kim Hong Il , Park Sang Ah , Kim Jin Young , Park Taiho
Published: February 2018

In this study, we demonstrated the effects of the molecular weight (MW) of a green processable polymer (asy-PBTBDT) on its photovoltaic performance and thermal stability for the first time.
Bromocholine bromide is a molecular ferroelectric with moderate phase transition temperature
Authors: Wang Sha-Sha , Chen Xiao-Xian , Huang Bo , Su Yu-Jun , Zhang Wei-Xiong , Zeng Ming-Hua , Chen Xiao-Ming
Published: February 2018

The symmetry breaking originating from the order–disorder dynamic transition of organic cations results in moderate spontaneous polarization as well as switchable SHG signal and pyroelectric property with feasible “on/off” contrasts.
Energy distribution of relativistic electrons in the kiloparsec scale jet of M 87 with Chandra
Authors: Sun Xiao-Na , Yang Rui-Zhi , Rieger Frank M. , Liu Ruo-Yu , Aharonian Felix
Published: February 2018

The X-ray emission from the jets in active galactic nuclei (AGN) carries important information on the distributions of relativistic electrons and magnetic fields on large scales. We reanalysed archival Chandra observations on the jet of M 87 from 2000 to 2016 with a total exposure of 1460 kiloseconds to explore the X-ray emission characteristics along the jet. We investigated the variability behaviours of the nucleus and the inner jet component HST-1, and confirm indications for day-scale X-ray variability in the nucleus contemporaneous to the 2010 high TeV γ-ray state. HST-1 shows a general decline in X-ray flux over the last few years consistent with its synchrotron interpretation. We extracted the X-ray spectra for the nucleus and all knots in the jet, showing that they are compatible with a single power law within the X-ray band. There are indications that the resultant X-ray photon index exhibit a trend, with slight but significant index variations ranging from ≃ 2.2 (e.g. in knot D) to ≃ 2.4−2.6 (in the outer knots F, A, and B). When viewed in a multiwavelength context, a more complex situation can be seen. Fitting the radio to X-ray spectral energy distributions (SEDs) assuming a synchrotron origin, we show that a broken power-law electron spectrum with break energy Eb around 1 (300 μG/B)1/2 TeV allows a satisfactory description of the multiband SEDs for most of the knots. However, in the case of knots B, C, and D we find indications that an additional high-energy component is needed to adequately reproduce the broad-band SEDs. We discuss the implications and suggest that a stratified jet model may account for the differences.
Reanalysis of nearby open clusters usingGaiaDR1/TGAS and HSOY
Authors: Yen Steffi X. , Reffert Sabine , Schilbach Elena , Röser Siegfried , Kharchenko Nina V. , Piskunov Anatoly E.
Published: February 2018

Context. Open clusters have long been used to gain insights into the structure, composition, and evolution of the Galaxy. With the large amount of stellar data available for many clusters in theGaiaera, new techniques must be developed for analyzing open clusters, as visual inspection of cluster color-magnitude diagrams is no longer feasible. An automatic tool will be required to analyze large samples of open clusters.

Aims. We seek to develop an automatic isochrone-fitting procedure to consistently determine cluster membership and the fundamental cluster parameters.

Methods. Our cluster characterization pipeline first determined cluster membership with precise astrometry, primarily from TGAS and HSOY. With initial cluster members established, isochrones were fitted, using a χ2minimization, to the cluster photometry in order to determine cluster mean distances, ages, and reddening. Cluster membership was also refined based on the stellar photometry. We used multiband photometry, which includes ASCC-2.5BV, 2MASSJHKs, andGaia Gband.

Results. We present parameter estimates for all 24 clusters closer than 333 pc as determined by the Catalogue of Open Cluster Data and the Milky Way Star Clusters catalog. We find that our parameters are consistent to those in the Milky Way Star Clusters catalog.

Conclusions. We demonstrate that it is feasible to develop an automated pipeline that determines cluster parameters and membership reliably. After additional modifications, our pipeline will be able to useGaiaDR2 as input, leading to better cluster memberships and more accurate cluster parameters for a much larger number of clusters.
Machine learning in APOGEE
Authors: Garcia-Dias Rafael , Prieto Carlos Allende , Almeida Jorge Sánchez , Ordovás-Pascual Ignacio
Published: February 2018

Context.The volume of data generated by astronomical surveys is growing rapidly. Traditional analysis techniques in spectroscopy either demand intensive human interaction or are computationally expensive. In this scenario, machine learning, and unsupervised clustering algorithms in particular, offer interesting alternatives. The Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE) offers a vast data set of near-infrared stellar spectra, which is perfect for testing such alternatives.

Aims.Our research applies an unsupervised classification scheme based onK-means to the massive APOGEE data set. We explore whether the data are amenable to classification into discrete classes.

Methods.We apply theK-means algorithm to 153 847 high resolution spectra (R≈ 22 500). We discuss the main virtues and weaknesses of the algorithm, as well as our choice of parameters.

Results.We show that a classification based on normalised spectra captures the variations in stellar atmospheric parameters, chemical abundances, and rotational velocity, among other factors. The algorithm is able to separate the bulge and halo populations, and distinguish dwarfs, sub-giants, RC, and RGB stars. However, a discrete classification in flux space does not result in a neat organisation in the parameters’ space. Furthermore, the lack of obvious groups in flux space causes the results to be fairly sensitive to the initialisation, and disrupts the efficiency of commonly-used methods to select the optimal number of clusters. Our classification is publicly available, including extensive online material associated with the APOGEE Data Release 12 (DR12).

Conclusions.Our description of the APOGEE database can help greatly with the identification of specific types of targets for various applications. We find a lack of obvious groups in flux space, and identify limitations of theK-means algorithm in dealing with this kind of data.
Explorer les liens entre agriculture et sécurité alimentaire : une enquête auprès des femmes du gouvernorat de Sidi-Bouzid en Tunisie
Authors: Gaillard Cédric , Martin Sofyan , Bosc Pierre-Marie , El-Ati Jalila , Dop Marie Claude , Trabelsi Tarek , Amiot Marie-Josephe , Dury Sandrine
Published: February 2018

Cet article présente et décrit le contenu d’une base de données construite à partir d’une enquête menée dans le gouvernorat de Sidi-Bouzid, situé dans le centre de la Tunisie. Sur ce territoire en transition, le secteur agricole, qui tient une place prédominante dans l’activité économique, est caractérisé par la diversité de ses exploitations, aussi bien sur le plan organisationnel (main-d’œuvre familiale ou salariée à dominante féminine) que technique (présence d’infrastructure d’irrigation, de culture sous-abri). Sur le plan des orientations technico-économiques, les cultures arboricoles et maraîchères se développent quand d’autres cultures plus traditionnelles persistent (oléiculture, céréaliculture). Des politiques publiques récentes ont également encouragé l’élevage laitier. Berceau de la révolution du Jasmin en 2010, Sidi-Bouzid fait face à des difficultés économiques et sociales. Dans ce contexte, l’agriculture a un rôle essentiel pour assurer la sécurité alimentaire de la population. L’objectif de cette enquête était d’identifier les liens existants entre la structure, le fonctionnement et les performances des exploitations agricoles, et la sécurité alimentaire des femmes adultes du territoire. Les revenus individuels des membres du ménage, l’autoconsommation de produits agricoles, et l’autonomie des femmes peuvent aussi jalonner ce chemin d’impact. En effet, le développement du salariat peut permettre aux femmes d’accroître leur autonomie, privilégiant ainsi, à travers la maîtrise de leurs dépenses, leurs besoins alimentaires et ceux du ménage auquel elles appartiennent. L’enquête est articulée autour de trois questionnaires. Cinq cent soixante-quinze femmes, sélectionnées aléatoirement à partir d’un échantillon représentatif des femmes de 20 à 49 ans du gouvernorat de Sidi-Bouzid, 575 chefs de ménages et 316 chefs d’exploitations ont répondu aux questionnaires. La collecte a été réalisée sur questionnaire papier, en entretien face-à-face en décembre 2015. Les données ont été ensuite saisies et contrôlées sur le logiciel EpiData, avant d’être nettoyées sur le logiciel Stata. Les données sont disponibles sur le lien doi: 10.18167/DVN1/LWT7BG.
Developing Foundational Counseling Skills for Addressing Adherence Issues in Auditory Rehabilitation
Authors: Jilla Anna , Danhauer Jeffrey , Johnson Carole
Published: February 2018

Successfully getting patients with confirmed hearing loss to use hearing aids is a major challenge for hearing health care professionals. Treatment adherence has been defined as the active involvement of patients in collaborating with health care providers to plan and manage treatment regimens. Counseling patients with hearing loss on adherence to recommendations of hearing aid uptake and utilization is dependent upon building a patient-centered therapeutic relationship during the initial diagnostic evaluation. The purpose of this article is to provide resources, tools, and engaging learning activities for training students on the development of a hierarchy of counseling skills: informational counseling (e.g., checking comprehension and problem clarification), communication skills (e.g., promotion of shared-communication space, congruence, listening with the third ear, unconditional positive regard, and empathy), and health behavior change (e.g., Motivational Interviewing and the Teach-Back Method) that are prerequisites for addressing treatment adherence.
Teaching Patient-Centered Counseling Skills for Assessment, Diagnosis, and Management of Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo
Authors: Roberts Richard , Johnson Carole , Jilla Anna
Published: February 2018

Audiologists are an integral part of the management of those with dizziness and vestibular disorders. However, little research has been performed on counseling approaches for patients who present with dizziness as a primary concern. Accordingly, it is important that audiology students are provided with didactic and experiential learning opportunities for the assessment, diagnosis, and management of this population. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo is the most common vestibular disorder among adults. Doctor of Audiology students, at a minimum, should be provided with learning opportunities for counseling patients with this particular disorder. Implementation of patient-centered counseling is applied across various parts of the patient encounter from initial intake to treatment and patient education. The purpose of this article is to present the available evidence and to apply widely accepted theories and techniques to counseling those with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. Didactic resources and experiential learning activities are provided for use in coursework or as a supplement to clinical education.
Didactic Content and Experiential Aging Simulation for Developing Patient-Centered Strategies and Empathy for Older Adults
Authors: Jilla Anna , Danhauer Jeffrey , Johnson Carole
Published: February 2018

The number of people over 65 years of age is increasing, and many of those individuals will have sensorineural hearing loss in addition to other chronic health conditions. Future hearing health care providers need to be sensitive to the needs of elderly patients. The purpose of this article is to describe an experiential learning curriculum used in the Doctor of Audiology program in the Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders at the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center. The curriculum uses simulations of sensory disorders common in the elderly to transform knowledge and active experience into patient-centered, empathetic counseling skills and strategies to use with older adults with hearing loss.
Recognizing and Reacting to Risk Signs for Patient Suicide
Authors: Palmer Catherine , Zitelli Lori
Published: February 2018

Evidence-based suggestions for developing an effective clinician-client relationship built upon trust and honesty will be shared, as well as a review of relevant scope of practice issues for audiologists. Audiologists need to be prepared if a patient threatens self-harm. Many patients do not spontaneously report their suicidal thoughts and intentions to their care providers, so we need to be alert to warning signs. Information about the strongest predictors of suicide, how to ask about suicidal intentions, and how to assess the risk of suicide will be presented. Although it is our responsibility to recognize suicidal tendencies and have a plan for preventive intervention, it is not our responsibility to conduct a suicide evaluation. Tips for collecting critical information to be provided to qualified professionals will be shared, as well as additional information about how and to whom to disclose this information. A list of suicide warning signs will be reviewed as well as some additional suggestions for how to react when a patient discloses his or her suicidal intent. A review of available resources (for both the patient and the clinician) will be provided, along with instructions for how and when it is appropriate to access them.
Diagnosing Coexisting Conditions of Angelman and Klinefelter Syndromes Using Chromosomal Microarray
Authors: Wong Melissa , Paschal Catherine R. , Bozarth Xiuhua
Published: February 2018

We report here a 4-year-old male patient who presented with clinical features of Angelman syndrome (AS, OMIM 105830) including dysmorphic features, hypotonia, lack of language development, ataxia, severe developmental delay, and seizures. Due to insurance denial for DNA methylation test, a chromosomal microarray (CMA) was performed, which showed an approximately 5.0 Mb deletion of Prader–Willi/AS critical region (15q11.2 to q13.1). Subsequent Prader–Willi/AS methylation analysis was consistent with the diagnosis of AS. Gain of an X chromosome (Klinefelter syndrome, KS) was also detected by CMA. KS is not usually diagnosed before puberty due to lack of specific clinical features in early childhood. It is unclear if there is any direct association between these two genetic disorders. There has only been one other published case, to our knowledge, of a patient with coexistence of AS due to 15q11.2-q13 deletion and KS. CMA is a fast and effective diagnostic test to determine multiple genetic disorders. Early genetic diagnostic testing using CMA as an alternative first-step diagnostic genetic testing for children with clinical suspicion of AS would be beneficial.
Computational study of the absorption spectrum of defected ZnS nanoparticles
Authors: Michos F. I. , Sigalas M. M.
Published: February 2018

Energy levels and absorption spectra of defected ZnS nanoparticles (NPs) were calculated with Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Time Dependent DFT. Several types of defects were examined such as vacancies and substitutions. NPs with S vacancies were found to have their absorption spectra moved to lower energies well inside the visible spectrum with significantly high oscillator strength. Also, NPs with substitution of S atoms with Cl, Br, or I showed significant absorption. In general, this type of defect moves the absorption spectra in lower energies, thus bringing the absorption edge into the visible spectrum, while the unperturbed NPs have absorption edges in the UV region. In addition, ZnS NPs are made from more abundant and less toxic elements than the more commonly used CdSe NPs. For that reason, they may find significant applications in solar cells and other photonic applications, as well as in biosensing applications as biomarkers.
Visco-resistive MHD study of internal kink (m = 1) modes
Authors: Mendonca J. , Chandra D. , Sen A. , Thyagaraja A.
Published: February 2018

We have investigated the effect of sheared equilibrium flows on the m = 1, n = 1 resistive internal kink mode in the framework of a reduced magnetohydrodynamic model in a periodic cylindrical geometry. Our numerical studies show that there is a significant change of the scaling dependence of the mode growth rate in the Lundquist number in the presence of axial flows compared to the no flow case. Poloidal flows do not influence the scaling. We have further found that viscosity strongly modifies the effect of flows on the (1,1) mode both in the linear and nonlinear regimes. Axial flows increase the linear growth rate for low viscosity values, but they decrease the linear growth rate for higher viscosity values. In the case of poloidal flows, the linear growth rate decreases in all cases. Additionally at higher viscosity, we have found strong symmetry breaking in the behaviour of linear growth rates and in the nonlinear saturation levels of the modes as a function of the helicities of the flows. For axial, poloidal, and most helical flow cases, there is flow induced stabilisation of the nonlinear saturation level in the high viscosity regime and destabilisation in the low viscosity regime.
Review and perspective: Sapphire optical fiber cladding development for harsh environment sensing
Authors: Chen Hui , Buric Michael , Ohodnicki Paul R. , Nakano Jinichiro , Liu Bo , Chorpening Benjamin T.
Published: February 2018

The potential to use single-crystal sapphire optical fiber as an alternative to silica optical fibers for sensing in high-temperature, high-pressure, and chemically aggressive harsh environments has been recognized for several decades. A key technological barrier to the widespread deployment of harsh environment sensors constructed with sapphire optical fibers has been the lack of an optical cladding that is durable under these conditions. However, researchers have not yet succeeded in incorporating a high-temperature cladding process into the typical fabrication process for single-crystal sapphire fibers, which generally involves seed-initiated fiber growth from the molten oxide state. While a number of advances in fabrication of a cladding after fiber-growth have been made over the last four decades, none have successfully transitioned to a commercial manufacturing process. This paper reviews the various strategies and techniques for fabricating an optically clad sapphire fiber which have been proposed and explored in published research. The limitations of current approaches and future prospects for sapphire fiber cladding are discussed, including fabrication methods and materials. The aim is to provide an understanding of the past research into optical cladding of sapphire fibers and to assess possible material systems for future research on this challenging problem for harsh environment sensors.
Ratchet flow of thin liquid films induced by a two-frequency tangential forcing
Authors: Sterman-Cohen Elad , Bestehorn Michael , Oron Alexander
Published: February 2018

A possibility of saturating Rayleigh-Taylor instability in a thin liquid film on the underside of a substrate in the gravity field by harmonic vibration of the substrate was recently investigated [E. Sterman-Cohen, M. Bestehorn, and A. Oron, Phys. Fluids 29, 052105 (2017); Erratum, Phys. Fluids 29, 109901 (2017)]. In the present work, we investigate the feasibility of creating a directional flow of the fluid in a film in the Rayleigh-Taylor configuration and controlling its flow rate by applying a two-frequency tangential forcing to the substrate. It is shown that in this situation, a ratchet flow develops, and the dependence of its flow rate on the vibration frequency, amplitude, its periodicity, and asymmetry level is investigated for water and silicone-oil films. A cause for the emergence of symmetry-breaking and an ensuing flow in a preferred direction is discussed. Some aspects of a ratchet flow in a liquid film placed on top of the substrate are discussed as well. A comparison with the case of a neglected fluid inertia is made, and the differences are explained.
Construction of a coarse-grain quasi-classical trajectory method. I. Theory and application to N2–N2 system
Authors: Macdonald R. L. , Jaffe R. L. , Schwenke D. W. , Panesi M.
Published: February 2018

This work aims to construct a reduced order model for energy transfer and dissociation in non-equilibrium nitrogen mixtures. The objective is twofold: to present the Coarse-Grain Quasi-Classical Trajectory (CG-QCT) method, a novel framework for constructing a reduced order model for diatom-diatom systems; and to analyze the physics of non-equilibrium relaxation of the nitrogen molecules undergoing dissociation in an ideal chemical reactor. The CG-QCT method couples the construction of the reduced order model under the coarse-grain model framework with the quasi-classical trajectory calculations to directly construct the reduced model without the need for computing the individual rovibrational specific kinetic data. In the coarse-grain model, the energy states are lumped together into groups containing states with similar properties, and the distribution of states within each of these groups is prescribed by a Boltzmann distribution at the local translational temperature. The required grouped kinetic properties are obtained directly by the QCT calculations. Two grouping strategies are considered: energy-based grouping, in which states of similar internal energy are lumped together, and vibrational grouping, in which states with the same vibrational quantum number are grouped together. A zero-dimensional chemical reactor simulation, in which the molecules are instantaneously heated, forcing the system into strong non-equilibrium, is used to study the differences between the two grouping strategies. The comparison of the numerical results against available experimental data demonstrates that the energy-based grouping is more suitable to capture dissociation, while the energy transfer process is better described with a vibrational grouping scheme. The dissociation process is found to be strongly dependent on the behavior of the high energy states, which contribute up to 50% of the dissociating molecules. Furthermore, up to 40% of the energy required to dissociate the molecules comes from the rotational mode, underscoring the importance of accounting for this mode when constructing non-equilibrium kinetic models. In contrast, the relaxation process is governed primarily by low energy states, which exhibit significantly slower transitions in the vibrational binning model due to the prevalence of mode separation in these states.