bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
De plaats van zintuiglijke waarneming
Authors: Smaling Adri
Published: July 2021

In de sociale wetenschappen is het gebruikelijk kwantificerend onderzoek en kwalitatief onderzoek als vormen van empirisch onderzoek te zien. Dit wil zeggen dat zintuiglijke waarneming een belangrijke plaats inneemt. Maar Harrie Jansen geeft zintuiglijke waarneming wel een heel erg belangrijke plaats. Hij noemt vier vooronderstellingen voor de mogelijkheid van empirische wetenschap. Deze vooronderstellingen zouden ‘we’ gemeenschappelijk in ons onderzoekersleven maken en als vanzelfsprekendheden hanteren. (Ik weet niet wie die ‘we’ allemaal zijn, maar ik ken wetenschappers, onder wie ikzelf, die dit niet zo doen.) Jansen levert vervolgens kritisch commentaar bij die vooronderstellingen en begint dan zijn slotwoord als volgt: ‘Zoals gezegd geldt het bovenstaande zowel voor kwalitatief als voor kwantitatief empirisch onderzoek en voor alle paradigmatische of disciplinaire subcategorieën van beide typen.’ En hier ben ik het niet mee eens. De toelichtingen van Jansen bij de vooronderstellingen zijn nu juist behoorlijk paradigmatisch van aard, helemaal niet neutraal. Zijn opmerkingen en opvattingen zijn veel te veel ingegeven door het centraal stellen van zintuiglijke waarneming, waardoor zijn betoog een eenzijdig empiristisch karakter heeft. Laat ik dit toelichten aan de hand van de vier door Jansen genoemde vooronderstellingen.
Empirie
Authors: Jansen Harrie
Published: July 2021

Met veel plezier heb ik de commentaren gelezen van de discussianten die ik al vele jaren ken en waardeer als mederedacteuren van KWALON. Ik voel me gesterkt door de ervaring dat zij het weliswaar alle vier, ieder op zijn manier, apert oneens zijn met kernonderdelen van mijn essay, maar het blijkbaar toch de moeite waard vonden om er tot hoofdbrekens toe voor te gaan zitten.Ik zal aan de hand van de commentaren nadere toelichtingen geven bij mijn kernbegrippen en stellingen en de conclusie die ik daaruit getrokken heb.Ik begon mijn essay met de constatering dat de discussie over de tegenstelling kwalitatief onderzoek-kwantitatief onderzoek wordt vertroebeld door vermenging met andere tegenstellingen en dat je de discussie alleen helder kunt krijgen als je die beperkt tot empirische wetenschap, dat wil zeggen wetenschap die toetsbare uitspraken pretendeert te kunnen doen op basis van waarnemingen. De inzet van mijn essay was vervolgens om te specificeren wat de vooronderstellingen zijn van die pretentie en hoe realistisch die zijn, en de stelling dat die vooronderstellingen (en hun beperkingen) zowel voor kwalitatief als voor kwantitatief empirisch onderzoek gelden.
Boekbespreking
Authors: Schilperoord Joost
Published: July 2021

Verbal and Visual Rhetoric in a Media World. H van Belle, P. Gillaerts, B. van Gorp, D. van de Mieroop & K. Rutten (2013). Leiden: Leiden University Press
‘Safety first’ versus ‘op de barricaden’
Authors: W. Boumans Jelle , Vliegenthart Rens
Published: July 2021

‘Safety first’ versus ‘fighting on the barricades’: a content analysis of the nuclear debate in the Netherlands

‘Safety first’ versus ‘fighting on the barricades’: a content analysis of the nuclear debate in the Netherlands

News content is often the result of an intense struggle between sources over the definition of an issue. This study content analyzes the agendas of the proponents and antagonists of nuclear energy in the Netherlands between 2002-2012 and investigates to what extent these agendas overlap with the news media agendas, including the often overlooked press agencies and regional newspapers. Analysis shows that the agenda of opponent Greenpeace – consisting of the themes of nuclear waste and risks – is slightly more visible in news agency and national newspaper content. Regional newspapers however tend to adopt the nuclear industry’s most dominant theme – safety. Interestingly enough, one regional newspaper seems to completely ignore the oppositional voice. This finding calls for a critical assessment of the relation between regional newspaper content and information subsidies.
Het onthullen van ervaringen
Authors: van der Meide Hanneke
Published: July 2021

Revealing experiences. Phenomenology as qualitative research approach

Revealing experiences. Phenomenology as qualitative research approach

The aim of empirical phenomenological research is revealing and describing the lived world of everyday experience. This article describes the roots and the characteristics of empirical phenomenological research. Several methodological approaches within the empirical phenomenological research approach are presented. The article ends by clarifying some important differences between empirical phenomenological research and research according to the grounded theory approach.
Voorbereid afstuderen: onderzoek doen naar onderzoek in organisaties
Authors: Oomen Tessa
Published: July 2021

Review

Review

In this contribution the author reviews Researching organizations: The practice of organizational fieldwork by Matthew Jones.
Demografische diversiteit in het Vlaamse perslandschap
Authors: Vandenberghe Hanne , d’Haenens Leen , Van Gorp Baldwin
Published: July 2021

Demographic diversity in the Flemish press

Demographic diversity in the Flemish press

This study analyses the diversity of the Flemish news by looking at demographic diversity, i.e. the extent to which gender, age and ethnicity in society are proportionally represented in the news. In a constructed week (April-May 2012) (N = 4,800) 12,743 persons were mentioned, each of them were assigned to age groups, man or woman, ethnic minority or ethnic majority. The results indicate that youngsters, the elderly, women and ethnic minorities are underrepresented as news sources in the Flemish news. Especially in the case of elite sources, the news was strongly dominated by adult ‘white’ men. Women were systematically associated more often with ‘feminine’ topics such as welfare and culture, whereas news topics such as sports, politics or economics were strongly dominated by male actors. Ethnic minorities were predominantly (84,2%) connected to sport, crime and justice, and human rights including immigration.
Chris Kersbergen, Job Mensink & Ton Rodenburg (2015). Merkcultuur. Stappenplan verbinden van mensen en merken. Amsterdam: Boom Lemma. ISBN 978-90-8953-655-6.
Authors: W.M. Verhoeven Joost
Published: July 2021

Merkcultuur is een belangrijk boek voor iedereen die wil begrijpen hoe medewerkers en klanten bij kunnen dragen aan het succes van organisatiemerken. Organisaties staan vandaag de dag voor de uitdaging het talent, de drijfveren en persoonlijkheden van hun mensen (hetgeen de organisatie ‘kan’) in te zetten bij het realiseren van de missie, waarden en merkbelofte (hetgeen de organisatie ‘wil’). In het boek staat de stelling centraal dat het succes van merken terug te voeren is op de verbinding van die merken met de medewerkers en klanten van de organisatie, oftewel de ‘living assets’.
Onkreukbaarheid als gids
Authors: Jansma Lammert
Published: July 2021

In this contribution the author reviews Tussen fout en fraude: Integriteit en oneerlijk gedrag in wetenschappelijk onderzoek by K. Schuijt.
De effecten van verondersteld en werkelijk begrip van gemakkelijke en moeilijke Engelse slagzinnen in een gestandaardiseerde Europese reclamecampagne
Authors: Raedts Mariet , Roozen Irene , Peeters Isabelle , Dupré Natalie , Ceuppens Jan
Published: July 2021

Samenvatting

Wij onderzochten de effecten van verondersteld en werkelijk begrip van gemakkelijke en moeilijke Engelse slagzinnen in een gestandaardiseerde reclamecampagne. De moeilijkheidsgraad blijkt enkel bepalend voor de herinnering van de merknaam en de voorkeurstaal van de slagzin. Beide vormen van begrip hangen samen met de herinnering van de merknaam en de slagzin en met de voorkeurstaal. Verondersteld begrip ten slotte, heeft een nog groter effect op de attitude en de koopintentie van de consument dan werkelijk begrip.
Sekse-ongelijkheid in Vlaams nieuws
Authors: De Vuyst Sara , Vertoont Susan , Van Bauwel Sofie
Published: July 2021

SamenvattingAnnotatie

Dit artikel onderzoekt de aanwezigheid en hoedanigheid van vrouwen en mannen in Vlaamse nieuwsverhalen op basis van een kwantitatieve inhoudsanalyse. We focussen in eerste instantie op de representatie als nieuwsactoren en nieuwsmakers. Daarnaast zoomen we in op verschillen tussen de berichtgeving van vrouwelijke en mannelijke nieuwsmakers. De resultaten tonen dat vrouwen ondervertegenwoordigd zijn en dat genderstereotypen veelal overeind blijven in nieuwsverhalen.

Annotatie
Niet coderen maar schrijven
Authors: van der Meide Hanneke
Published: July 2021

Writing instead of coding: Data analysis in phenomenological research

The step from research data to a rich and meaningful description of a phenomenon appears to be complicated for many researchers. This article describes a method of phenomenological analysis in which writing is emphasized as the central activity. The writing of textual portraits supports the researcher in the process of understanding and enables the disclosure of the experience in an evocative manner. The use of phenomenological literature in the subsequent step of reflective writing brings the analysis to an even higher level.
‘Meet the blockers’
Authors: Joris Glen , Poels Karolien , Mechant Peter , Pabian Sara , De Marez Lieven
Published: July 2021

Samenvatting

Een steekproef bij 400 Vlaamse jongere personen van 16 tot 30 jaar toont aan dat de attitude tegenover ad blockers de meest belangrijke voorspeller vormt om verschillen te verklaren in de intentie om ad blockers te gebruiken. Minder bezorgdheden omtrent privacy, minder storing en minder data en kosten vormen de meest belangrijke gedragsopvattingen.
Vluchtelingen in beeldDit artikel onderzoekt hoe Vlaamse nieuwsmedia berichten over vluchtelingen in tijden van veel maatschappelijk debat over migratie. De onderzochte televisiezenders VTM en VRT berichten op een evenwichtige manier en creëren over het algemeen geen expliciet ‘wij-zij’-perspectief, ondanks enkele negatieve representatiediscoursen zoals stereotiepe beelden, negatief woordgebruik en het collectiviseren van vluchtelingen. Ook rapporteert openbare omroep VRT meer genuanceerd en uitgebreider dan commerciële zender VTM.
Authors: Van Haelter Hanne , Joye Stijn
Published: July 2021

Refugees on screen. A critical discourse analysis of the news discourse about Syrian refugees by the public and commercial broadcaster in Flanders

The civil war in Syria, ongoing since 2011, forced 6.7 million people to flee their country (UNHCR, 2019). Applying a critical discourse analysis, this study investigates the representation of refugees by the public (VRT) and the commercial (VTM) broadcaster in Flanders, focusing on September 2015 and December 2018. Our findings show that Flemish news media do not discursively reproduce the established socio-demographic binary of ‘us’ and ‘them’ as they generally tend to avoid portraying refugees as ‘others’. The public broadcaster reports more on the topic and offers more contextualization, resulting in a more nuanced style of reporting. Nevertheless, there are a few implicit articulations of a negative discourse about refugees as both broadcasters occasionally apply negative nomenclature and use stereotypical imagery.
De spiegel van de sociale media
Authors: de Vries Dian , Sumter Sindy , Notten Natascha , Rozendaal Esther
Published: July 2021

Using what social media has to offer: pre-teens’ online self-presentation practices

The current study explores pre-teens’ self-presentation on social media and investigates to what extent they capitalize on social media’s opportunities to reflect on, visually alter, and receive feedback on their self-presentations. We conducted an online school-based study among 600 8-12-year olds in the Netherlands. The majority (55%) of pre-teens had a social media account and this percentage increased with age. Most pre-teens with a social media account shared messages and pictures, thought carefully about what (not) to post, and received (positive) feedback. Photo editing was less popular, but more common among girls. Receiving negative feedback was also uncommon, but more frequent among boys and younger pre-teens. Younger pre-teens were also less likely to reflect before posting. Pre-teens thus practice self-presentation on social media and become more skilled at this with age. Social media may help pre-teens develop impression management skills, which are central to pre-teen development.
First Record of Dichelyne (Cucullanellus) tripapillatus (Nematoda: Cucullanidae) Parasitic in King Soldier Bream Argyrops spinifer (Pisces: Sparidae) in Arabian Gulf, off Iraq
Authors: Mizher Jawad
Published: July 2021

A total of 42 specimens of Argyrops spinifer were caught from Iraqi territorial waters during the period from October 2019 till September 2020. The adult nematodes were isolated from the infected fishes. Morphological features of both males and females of nematodes matched with that of Dichelyne (Cucullanellus) tripapillatus (Gendre, 1927). This nematode is distinguished by the location of nerve ring in relation to the length of oesophagus, as well as the distribution of the ten caudal papillae of males. The record of this species and its subgenus represent its first one in the Arabian Gulf and Iraq.
Catalytic activities for the complete oxidation of toluene over MnO2, Co3O4 and NiO catalysts
Authors: Nguyen Tuan , Phan Hang
Published: July 2021

In this study, the catalytic performances of the complete oxidation of toluene over different transition metal oxides including MnO2, Co3O4 and NiO were investigated. These oxides were synthesized by hydrothermal method, followed by annealing. The catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Nitrogen isotherm adsorption-desorption before being evaluated their catalytic activity for the total oxidation of toluene in air. As a result, MnO2 was illustrated as the best catalyst having largest surface area and lowest activation energy, followed by Co3O4 and NiO.
Synthesis of graphene aerogel materials by hydrothermal method without the use of reducing agents
Authors: Phan Chuyen , Vu Ha
Published: July 2021

Graphene Aerogel (GA) is the lightest material in over the world. This material has high surface area with many layers of single graphene and has potential applications for adsorption, catalysis and storage. In this study, graphene aerogel materials were successfully synthesized by environmentally friendly hydrothermal methods without the use of reducing agents and were dryed by supercritical CO2 to avoid secondary environmental pollution. The obtained GA materials were characterized by Brunauer- Emmett- Teller (BET) surface area measurements, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy. Results showed that with hydrothermal time of 5 hours and GO concentration of 2,5 mg/mL, GA material has highest surface area of 941 m2/g and lowest density of 0,0226 g/cm3.
Examining the Moderating Effect of Organic Structure and Innovative Culture
on the Relationship between Social Capital and Knowledge Management
Processes at a Research & Development Organization
Authors: Reza Zahedi Mohammad , Naghdi Khanachah Shayan
Published: July 2021

Purpose- In today’s heavy competitive environment, organizations have found that the knowledge is
the best tool for keeping up with competitors. In this regard, the role of employees, as knowledge holders and the
most important capital of organizations have been being taken into account more than before. Since the existence of
social capital in organizations lead to improvement and development of knowledge management processes (KMP),
examining the level of social capital as an important dimension of intellectual capital and its role in KMP is the main
purpose of this article. Design/methodology/approach- By reviewing the existing literature and using standardized
questionnaire, it was tried to examine the relationship between social capital and KMP through the moderating role
of organic structure and innovative culture in the organization. After review of the existing literature in depth, we
took advantages of Nahapiet and Ghoshal Model for measuring social capital and in order to measure the KMP,
Bukowitz and Williams Model was used. The main hypothesis of this research was that there was a significant
relationship between KMP and social capital through moderating role of organic structure and innovative culture in
the organization. In order to test the hypothesis, using the test methods for correlation coefficients (Pearson and
Spearman), a standardized questionnaire was designed and distributed among our target segment including faculty
members, researchers and administrative staffs of university. Findings- The results showed that contrary to our
expectation, considering moderator variables, structure and culture does not have positive and significant effect on
KMP in the level of the organic structure and innovative culture of social capital. It was revealed that considering
those two variables, social capital does have a significant and positive effect on KMP in the level of mechanical
structure and non-innovative culture. We also found that there was a considerable relationship between cognitive and
relational dimensions of social capital and KMP. Besides that, it was understood that there was a positive and
significant relationship between each of organic structure and innovative culture’s variables and social capital and
KMP’s variables. Research limitations/implications– Risks of method variance or response biases are likely as all
Data are drawn from employee surveys, and some selection bias as respondents could not be directly compared with
non-respondents. Originality/value – This study makes a significant contribution to the intangible assets literature
by providing further evidence of the impact of culture and structure on intellectual capital.
A Study on the Teaching Strength of International Young Chinese Teachers from the Porter Diamond Model
Authors: Yajun Fang , Heng Li
Published: July 2021

In recent years, as Chinese has spread to the world, the development of Chinese international
education has shown a good trend. Teachers' teaching strength as comprehensive ability literacy, is essential for
improving the quality of young international Chinese teachers. From the perspective of the Porter Diamond Model,
analyzing the teaching strength of young international Chinese teachers from the four key elements: analysis of
factor conditions analysis of demand conditions organizational structure and opportunities. Finding that there are
three defects in the teaching process of young international Chinese teachers: lack of teaching motivation, Lack of
ability in teaching research and application of results, and lack of innovation in teaching. It is believed that the
teaching strength of young international Chinese teachers needs to be improved from the combination of teacher
learning and reflection teaching, the combination of knowledge-action and curriculum reform, and the combination
of teacher training and scientific evaluation.
Branding the Chinese Dream: Reception of China’s Public Diplomacy in Britain’s “Cultural China”
Authors: Wu Yan , Rees Sian , Thomas Richard , Yu Yakun
Published: July 2021

Over four decades, China’s transformed propaganda system has embraced public diplomacy to dispel its perceived “threat.” The most recent strategy has been the branding of the Chinese Dream narrative. Although there has been some academic focus on China’s nation branding, little has been written about its reception by overseas audiences. Accordingly, this article draws on focus-group data and employs Tu Wei-ming’s “cultural China” framework in exploring how the Chinese Dream is received and interpreted in the United Kingdom. This article contributes to understandings of nation branding by recognising how Chinese diaspora communities and British intellectual and professional elites engage with and promote brand values. It argues that the socio-cultural aspect of branding is important for China’s identity and that using the Chinese Dream as a branding narrative is successful when it focuses on cultural and economic messaging but divides opinion when political ideology is used.

Image © Yan Wu
Elegy to the Nanguan Mosque (1981-2020)
Authors: Xu Jin
Published: July 2021

This article charts the fortunes of Nanguan Mosque in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region over the past forty years.
Blockchain based Secure Energy Trading Mechanism for Smart Grid
Authors: Ahmad Rana Faheem , Siddique Muhammad , Riaz Kashir , Hussain Muhammad Majid , Bhatti MKL
Published: July 2021

Increasing trend of renewable energy promoting business opportunity in the field of energy market. This enables prosumers to invest reliably in the field of energy market. Due to exponential decrease in conventional sources the system needs to be hybrid by including Distributed Generations (DGs). Current research is majorly focused on the security of smart grids through blockchain. The practical management of prosumers is not properly considered yet. In this paper, we proposed an efficient algorithm to generate Magnitude of Energy Share (MES) through smart contract for individual prosumer to tackle surplus energy generation situation. A practical approach to implement private blockchain in smart meters is also covered in this research. In this research cluster communication architecture is developed to enhance performance of DGs and reduce burden on the existing system. A novel concept of parent and neighboring nodes is developed to promote double authentication. To check the performance of proposed system different scenarios are considered and the response of our system to individual scenario is deeply covered. Also, the efficiency of current technologies and proposed system are evaluated on the basis of considered cases.
Optimal Network Reconfiguration in Presence of Renewable Distributed Generation Using Evolutionary Algorithm
Authors: Khalil Linta , Riaz Mughees , Awan M.Arslan Iqbal , Bhatti M.Kamran Liaquat , Siddique Rabbia , Akram Saima
Published: July 2021

Utilization of new technologies and people lifestyle has greatly affected the world’s electricity market. This demands to design innovative renewable energy systems for efficient use of green energy. In terms of greenhouse gas emissions, electricity from traditional energy supplies has become particularly harmful for the world. To decrease the reliance on fossil fuels, it is need of time to enhance the renewable energy integration in the conventional energy systems. Renewable DGs integration in existing energy systems is not a simple task. To overcome challenges caused by enhanced penetration of renewable energy systems in existing networks, adaptation of smart techniques is essential. DGs Optimal size and selection of their suitable location for integration is crucial for cost effective power delivery to the consumers without compromising the quality of power. This paper presents impartial performance management by optimal network reconfiguration in parallel with renewable DGs and selecting suitable size for reducing active power losses, pollutant gas emissions and costs of annual operation. For analysis of active power losses, Fuzzy and SPEA2 based algorithms are used in MATLAB with IEEE BUS14 acting as load bus. While the cost of power generation and pollutant gases emissions are estimated using HOMER Pro software.
CONTENIDO CIENTÍFICO EN MEDIOS IMPRESOS: REFLEXIONES TEÓRICAS
Authors: Ontaneda Andrade Sybel Enrique
Published: July 2021

En las últimas décadas, la cobertura a temas científicos se ha incrementado a nivel mundial, en correspondencia con un aumento de la conciencia sobre su importancia cultural, económica e, incluso, política en las sociedades, así como por el impulso que ha supuesto Internet. Sin embargo, su aparición sigue siendo irregular e ineficaz, y los medios no se han trazado estrategias motivadoras para que los públicos conozcan o enriquezcan la imagen que tienen de la ciencia. Teniendo en cuenta la importancia del periodismo científico como forma de construcción de la realidad, se propone el presente artículo, que tiene como objetivo sistematizar referentes teóricos relativos a la divulgación de la ciencia y el periodismo científico, como un tipo de periodismo especializado. Con la aplicación de los métodos documental, análisis-síntesis e inductivo-deductivo, se analiza cómo se concibe el tratamiento periodístico de los contenidos científicos en la sociedad actual, reconociendo la importancia de los medios en el conocimiento que los ciudadanos adquieren sobre ciencia y tecnología, así como la relevancia del periodista especializado en estos temas. Las reflexiones derivadas del artículo permiten concluir que: 1) la legitimidad del periodismo científico consiste en que esta especialización debe elevar la cultura científica de la sociedad porque la ciencia y la tecnología son asuntos sociales; y 2) la construcción informativa en periodismo científico demanda un abordaje creativo, mayor rigurosidad periodística y el empleo de un lenguaje más comprensible para los lectores.
The first extinct species of Acritus LeConte, 1853 (Histeridae: Abraeinae) from Eocene Baltic amber: a microscopic beetle inclusion studied with X-ray micro-computed tomography
Authors: Alekseev Vitalii I. , Bukejs Andris
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Acritus sutirca sp. nov. is described and illustrated from Eocene Baltic amber on
the basis of one adult male specimen. As the first extinct member of the
subfamily Abraeinae (Histeridae) and the smallest known fossil histerid
specimen, this material was examined using a combination of light microscopy
and X-ray micro-computed tomography (µCT). Internal features of the
abdomen are well preserved, allowing us to study sclerotized parts of the
aedeagus and illustrate these structures in detail. The current finding
expands the range of known Histeridae diversity from the Eocene (48–34 Ma)
“amber forests” of Europe. The absolute size limits and the probable
average size for Baltic amber coleopteran inclusions are also briefly
discussed (urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:A2B17479-8628-47C7-A8D4-3E0789BF088B).
Clear, transparent, and timely communication for fair authorship decisions: A practical guide
Authors: Gani Shahzad , Kohl Lukas , Baalbaki Rima , Bianchi Federico , Ruuskanen Taina M. , Siira Olli-Pekka , Paasonen Pauli , Vehkamäki Hanna
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Authorship conflicts are a common occurrence in academic publishing, and they can have serious implications on the careers and well-being of the involved researchers, as well as the collective success of research organizations. In addition to not inviting relevant contributors to co-author a manuscript, the order of authors, as well as honorary, gift, and ghost authors are all widely recognized problems related to authorship. Unfair authorship practices disproportionately affect those lower in the power hierarchies – early career researchers, women, researchers from the Global South, and other minoritized groups. Here we propose an approach to preparing author lists based on clear, transparent, and timely communication. This approach is aimed to minimize the potential for late-stage authorship conflicts during manuscript preparation by facilitating timely and transparent decisions on potential co-authors and their responsibilities. Furthermore, our approach can help avoid imbalances between contributions and credits in published manuscripts by recording planned and executed responsibilities. We present authorship guidelines which also include a novel authorship form, along with the documentation of the formulation process for a multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary center with more than 250 researchers. Other research groups, departments, and centers can use or build on this template to design their own authorship guidelines as a practical way to promote fair authorship practices.
Streamflow drought: implication of drought definitions and its application for drought forecasting
Authors: Sutanto Samuel J. , Van Lanen Henny A. J.
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Streamflow drought forecasting is a key element of contemporary drought early warning systems (DEWS). The term streamflow drought forecasting (not streamflow forecasting), however, has created confusion within the scientific hydrometeorological community as well as in operational weather and water management services. Streamflow drought forecasting requires an additional step, which is the application of a drought identification method to the forecasted streamflow time series. The way streamflow drought is identified is the main reason for this misperception. The purpose of this study, therefore, is to provide a comprehensive overview of the differences between different drought identification approaches to identify droughts in European rivers, including an analysis of both historical drought and implications for forecasting. Streamflow data were obtained from the LISFLOOD hydrological model forced with gridded meteorological observations (known as LISFLOOD-Simulation Forced with Observed, SFO). The same model fed with seasonal meteorological forecasts of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts system 5 (ECMWF SEAS 5) was used to obtain the forecasted streamflow. Streamflow droughts were analyzed using the daily and monthly variable threshold methods (VTD and VTM, respectively), the daily and monthly fixed threshold methods (FTD and FTM, respectively), and the Standardized Streamflow Index (SSI). Our results clearly show that streamflow droughts derived from different approaches deviate from each other in their characteristics, which also vary in different climate regions across Europe. The daily threshold methods (FTD and VTD) identify 25 %–50 % more drought events than the monthly threshold methods (FTM and VTM), and accordingly the average drought duration is longer for the monthly than for the daily threshold methods. The FTD and FTM, in general, identify drought occurrences earlier in the year than the VTD and VTM. In addition, the droughts obtained with the VTM and FTM approaches also have higher drought deficit volumes (about 25 %–30 %) than the VTD and FTD approaches. Overall, the characteristics of SSI-1 drought are close to what is being identified by the VTM. The different outcome obtained with the drought identification methods illustrated with the historical analysis is also found in drought forecasting, as documented for the 2003 drought across Europe and for the Rhine River specifically. In the end, there is no unique hydrological drought definition (identification method) that fits all purposes, and hence developers of DEWS and end-users should clearly agree in the co-design phase upon a sharp definition of which type of streamflow drought is required to be forecasted for a specific application.
A homogeneous earthquake catalogue for Turkey
Authors: Tan Onur
Published: July 2021

Abstract. A new homogenized earthquake catalogue for Turkey is compiled for the period 1900–2018. The earthquake parameters are obtained from the Bulletin of International Seismological Centre that was fully updated in 2020. New conversion equations between moment magnitude and the other scales (md, ML, mb, Ms, and M) are determined using the general orthogonal regression method to build up a homogeneous catalogue, which is the essential database for seismic hazard studies. The 95 % confidence intervals are estimated using the bootstrap method with 1000 samples. The equivalent moment magnitudes (Mw*) for the entire catalogue are calculated using the magnitude relations to homogenize the catalogue. The magnitude of completeness is 2.7 Mw*. The final catalogue is not declustered or truncated using a threshold magnitude in order to be a widely usable catalogue. It contains not only Mw* but also the average and
median of the observed magnitudes for each event. Contrary to the limited
earthquake parameters in the previous catalogues for Turkey, the 45 parameters of ∼378 000 events are presented in this study.
E-Learning berbasis Edmodo untuk Optimalisasi Pembelajaran Pada Masa New Normal
Authors: Gellysa Urva  , Pratiwi Merina , Oemara Syarief Amiroel
Published: July 2021

Abstrak

Dampak dari pandemi covid-19 mengubah banyak hal dalam dunia pendidikan. Sekolah serta Perguruan Tinggi harus melaksanakan pembelajaran daring guna mengurangi penyebaran virus yang membahayakan ini. Terkait hal ini, setiap Pendidik diharuskan menggunakan E-Learning sebagai mediasi pembelajaran yang dilaksanakan secara daring.  Edmodo yang merupakan  suatu Social Learning Network (SLN)/ aplikasi pembelajaran dengan platform media sosial atau layanan online yang memudahkan guru maupun dosen untuk berkomunikasi dengan siswa,mahasiswa dan orang tua. Melalui E-Learning berbasis Edmodo Pendidik dapat membagikan konten, teks, video, pekerjaan rumah dan tugas kepada peserta didik secara online. Aplikasi ini biasa digunakan baik ketika pendidik berada di dalam maupun luar kelas. Bahkan jauh sebelum bumi pertiwi terserang covid-19 para pendidik sudah harus menggunakan sistem pembelajaran gabungan laring serta daring atau umumnya disebut Blended learning. Permalahan yang terjadi lemahnya pendidik dalam penggunaan media e-learning sebagai penunjang proses pembelajaran menjadi tema yang diangkat dalam pelatihan ini. Solusi yang ditawarkan dari pelatihan ini adalah media E-Learning berbasis Edmodo. Tujuan kegiatan pelatihan ini adalah memperkenalkan media E-Learning berbais Edmodo kepada Para Pendidik maupun Orang Tua yang terlibat dalam pembelajaran peserta didik.  Objek kegiatan pelatihan ini adalah Pendidik (Guru atau Dosen) Serta Orang Tua Peserta didik dan yang terkait. Pelatihan dilakukan dalam dua sesi, yaitu pemaparan materi dari tim penulis dan dilanjutkan dengan sesi tanya jawab dari peserta. Pelatihan ini memberikan banyak manfaat kepada objek pelatihan, hal ini terlihat dari   komitmen  peserta pelatihan tentang rencana penerapan media E-Learning berbasis Edmodo dalam kelas pembelajaran selanjutnya. Hasil evaluasi pelaksanaan pelatihan ini menunjukkan bahwa pelatihan ini bermanfaat untuk menunjang proses belajar mengajar yang dilakukan di sekolah maupun di kampus. Metode pelatihan mampu meningkatkan keterampilan pendidik dalam menggunakan media E-Learning berbasis Edmodo, baik sebagai guru, dosen,siswa, mahasiswa maupun orang tua yang terlibat.
Pelatihan Pemanfaatan Limbah Akar Pohon Hutan Menjadi Hiasan
Authors: Fajar Mahmud Soni , Suarlin John , Budi Nugraha Nur
Published: July 2021

Kota Dumai memiliki kawasan hutan yang banyak memiliki pohon. Masyarakat memanfaatkan pohon tersebut untuk bermacam macam kebutuhan. Pemanfaatan yang belum maksimal, menjadikan banyak bahan bahan sisa limbah akar  pohon terbuang sia – sia. Sehingga diperlukan pelatihan kreatifitas untuk memanfaatkan limbah akar pohon tersebut. Tujuan pengabdian ini adalah untuk memberikan pengetahuan tentang bidang kreatifitas dalam pemanfaatan limbah akar pohon sebagai alternatif bahan pembuatan barang seni kerajinan/hiasan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode observasi dan wawancara proses pengolahan dan penciptaan seni kerajinan limbah akar pohon sebagai alternatif pembuatan seni kerajinan dengan tahapan sebagai berikut: (1) pemilihan bahan, (2) perancangan, (3) perwujudan, (4) finishing. Hasil pengabdian ini dilakukan dengan mengamati hasil secara seksama dari pembuatan kerajinan akar pohon hutan menjadi kerajinan berbentuk hiasan. Pengabdian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui kemungkinan lain pemanfaatan limbah akar pohon dapat menjadi alternatif bahan industri lain. Proses dikerjakan melalui tahapan pemilihan bahan, perancangan bentuk, dan pembentukan. Proses lain yang sangat mendukung hasil bentuk kerajinan limbah akar pohon adalah pembentukan bagian-bagian tertentu, Melalui identifikasi berbagai macam teknik pengerjaan, pemakaian limbah akar pohon beserta sifat dan karakternya dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada kemungkinan limbah-limbah akar pohon dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif pembuatan kerajinan
Writing to perform the region: Making ‘somewhereness’ visible in post-colonisation Australia
Authors: Palmer Jane
Published: July 2021

The regions that colonisers know are not generally those of most importance to First Nations

people, although the territorial divisions of government administration have had a huge

impact on First Nations people in terms of the kinds of policies directed at them and the

implementation of those policies. In this paper, I look first at the ways in which Aboriginal

experience in Australia has been written out of the landscape, then at some non-territorial

ways of looking at such landscapes. I then discuss how a non-Indigenous writer, in working

with First Nations people, might help to make visible a different kind of ‘region’.
‘Tongues in trees’: Reimagining the regions through pastoral place-based pedagogy
Authors: Hansen Claire
Published: July 2021

This essay uses the pastoral conjured in William Shakespeare’s As You Like It to

reflect on the experience of teaching Shakespeare in regional far north Queensland.

By aligning the pastoral with the concept of the ‘region’, the essay negotiates the

complex relationship between a sense of lived place and the literary places imagined

and constructed in the texts we encounter in our teaching, writing, and research. The

explicit connection of these two places – regional and pastoral – will prove mutually

enlightening as the discussion works towards a framework for enabling students to

incorporate a sense of place in literary studies through the concept of ardenspace.

This discussion will draw on place-based learning in order to examine the way our

senses of literary and regional place are imaginatively constructed and how this

affects – and can be utilised in – research, writing, and teaching.
Científicas frente al coronavirus en Wikipedia
Authors: Calvo Iglesias Encina
Published: July 2021

La pandemia de COVID-19 y la imposición de medidas de confinamiento para controlar su propagación han tenido un fuerte impacto en las trayectorias laborales de las mujeres científicas y también en su visibilidad en los medios. A pesar de que la pandemia ha propiciado la aparición de personas del mundo científico en los medios de comunicación, la mayoría de las fuentes consultadas han sido masculinas como han evidenciado distintos estudios.  En este artículo pretendemos analizar si dentro de Wikipedia, que durante la pandemia ha estado combatiendo la desinformación sobre el coronavirus, se han visibilizado a las mujeres que dirigen algunas de las investigaciones más relevantes sobre esta enfermedad. Para ello, se ha analizado la presencia en Wikipedia de las biografías de investigadoras del ámbito científico-técnico relacionadas con el coronavirus y que han tenido un importante papel en los medios de comunicación.
Mnemósine y Wikipedia: compartir el pasado como necesidad social
Authors: Blanco Domingo Luis
Published: July 2021

La consolidación de la memoria colectiva dispone de Wikipedia como un lugar de encuentro que garantiza la participación democrática de la sociedad. Además, su apelación a la neutralidad como norma de conducta básica limita tentaciones subjetivas que podrían condicionar los resultados finales. Con este artículo pretendemos mostrar el vigor y dinamismo que aporta la enciclopedia online a la recuperación, mantenimiento y difusión de acontecimientos históricos que forman parte de la idiosincrasia de un país a través del análisis de dos entradas que conmocionaron a la sociedad española: los atentados del 11M en Madrid y de agosto de 2017 en Barcelona.
Estudios sobre la credibilidad de Wikipedia: una revisión
Authors: Claes Florencia , Tramullas Jesús
Published: July 2021

La evaluación de la credibilidad de Wikipedia ha sido objeto de atención en los estudios sobre credibilidad de la información. Este trabajo presenta un estado de la cuestión, que ha sido elaborado siguiendo la técnica de revisión sistematizada de bibliografía. Se han diferenciado tres tipos de estudios: estudios generales, del ámbito de la salud y del ámbito educativo. Los datos obtenidos permiten afirmar que se aplican diferentes modelos y técnicas de análisis para este tipo de estudios, que los principios heurísticos de evaluación de los usuarios desempeñan un papel fundamental, y que las evaluaciones de credibilidad están influenciados por los contextos sociales y educativos e los usuarios, y por el tipo de necesidad de información. Finalmente, se afirma que evaluar la credibilidad se enmarca en proceso continuo de cambio e interacción.
Cuando la tierra ríe
Authors: Mazzetto Elena
Published: July 2021

Este artículo propone un acercamiento al humor ritual en el ciclo de las fiestas religiosas de los nahuas prehispánicos. El fenómeno del humorismo y la risa manifestados en contextos sagrados se estudiará a través de la veintena de Ochpaniztli. La representación viviente de la diosa de la tierra, Toci-Teteo Innan, era el objeto de una serie de burlas y regocijos cuya finalidad era propiciar su alegría, el estallido de su risa y el olvido de su tristeza antes de su muerte. Este estado de ánimo se consideraba necesario para la eficacia del rito. En este texto se analizarán las técnicas empleadas para lograr la diversión divina y los personajes encargados de ella. Asimismo, se tratará de comprender por qué las carcajadas de la tierra eran necesarias en el desarrollo de las ceremonias.
Relaciones políticas entre grupos chichimecas nahuas y tének en el Epiclásico y Posclásico de Mesoamérica
Authors: Márquez Lorenzo Emmanuel
Published: July 2021

El  presente  trabajo  tiene  la  finalidad  de  analizar  las  relaciones  prehispánicas  existentes  entre  grupos  chichimecas  nahuas  y  tének[1]  durante  el  período  Posclásico  de  Mesoamérica  (900 – 1521  d.C.).  Para  ello,  la  investigación  está  basada  en  el  examen  de  evidencias  arqueológicas  de  discursos  político  religiosos  (esculturas),  pero  también  en  documentos  escritos  y  pictográficos  del  siglo  XVI.  La  finalidad  es  comprender  dichas  relaciones  de  poder,  con  el  fin  de  determinar  si  pudo  existir  o  no,  una  identidad  compartida  entre  grupos  de  la  frontera  Norte  de  Mesoamérica,  y  a  su  vez,  si  pudo  influir  en  el  devenir  histórico  de  estas  sociedades  al  consolidarse  el  dominio  mexica,  hacia  finales  del  siglo  XV.   [1] Como especialistas de la materia, debemos dejar de aludir a los grupos tének como huaxtecos, pues reforzamos los prejuicios étnicos dados por los mexicas durante el Posclásico. Para este y futuros trabajos, se utilizará la denominación tének y no la de huaxteco, de carácter despectivo.
Wprowadzenie, czyli o co chodzi w dyskusji nad moralnym charakterem
Authors: Szutta Natasza
Published: July 2021

Współczesna etyka cnót, zwana także etyką charakteru, jest obecnie jedną z najważniejszych teorii etycznych. Długo zdobywała tę wyróżnioną pozycję – odkąd Elizabeth Anscombe w swoim ważnym artykule skrytykowała niepodzielnie panujące w XX wieku teorie etyczne – utylitaryzm i deontologię, wykazując ich trudności i braki, oraz zaapelowała o powrót do Arystotelesowskiej, teleologicznie uzasadnionej, etyki dobrego życia, w której ważną pozycję zajmuje doskonalenie cnót etycznych. Początki współczesnej odsłony etyki cnót to ostry spór z deontologami i utylitarystami, dotyczący przede wszystkim przedmiotu etyki, kryterium moralnego wartościowania, języka etyki oraz modelu jej uprawiania. Etycy cnót zwrócili uwagę na to, że w centrum zainteresowań etyków powinien być sprawca, a nie jego czyny. To kondycja moralna sprawców – ich moralny charakter, na który składają się liczne cechy, dyspozycje i postawy moralne, decyduje o sposobie ich zachowania. Dlatego główne pytania, jakie powinni stawiać sobie etycy, powinny brzmieć: „kim powinienem się stać?”, „jakiego rodzaju cechy i dyspozycje charakteru powinienem uosabiać?”. Wszystko to, co dotyczy moralnego podmiotu – intencje, motywy i postawy, które skłaniają sprawcę do określonego działania – jest pierwszorzędne względem działania. Nie tylko pozwala wyjaśnić, dlaczego sprawca tak a nie inaczej postępuje, ale też – jeśli się dobrze je ukierunkuje – gwarantuje regularne, a nie jedynie okazjonalne, moralnie dobre zachowania.
Podmiot moralny, moralne intuicje a heurystyki
Authors: Szutta Artur
Published: July 2021

Tekst stanowi krytyczną analizę hipotezy stawianej przez Waltera Sinnotta-Armstronga, Liane Young i Fiery’ego Cushmana, zgodnie z którą intuicje moralne to jedynie heurystyki afektywne. Po krótkiej prezentacji pojęcia heurystyki oraz argumentacji leżącej u podstaw przyjęcia hipotezy heurystyk, formułuję trzy kontrargumenty, w świetle których hipoteza heurystyk moralnych nie ma odpowiedniej motywacji epistemologicznej, opiera się na zbyt wąskim ujęciu intuicji moralnych oraz kontrowersyjnym akognitywnym ujęciu emocji moralnych. Dopełnienie tekstu stanowi zarys alternatywnej propozycji rozumienia intuicji moralnych. Proponowana poniżej argumentacja jest traktowana jako głos w sporze etyka cnót – sytuacjonizm, stanowiący argument na rzecz etyki cnót.
DENTAL STATUS OF PREGNANT WOMEN AND WAYS TO IMPROVE THE ORGANIZATION OF THERAPEUTIC AND PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Authors: SHISHNIASHVILI TAMAR , ZUBADALASHVILI ANA , SULADZE TAMAR , KVANCHAKHADZE RUSUDAN
Published: July 2021

As a result of the continuing changes in the condition of tissues and organs of the dental cavity and the body as a whole, there is a rise in the intensity of tooth decay and periodontal diseases with the onset of pregnancy. The aim of our research was to look into the prevalence and severity of pathology in the hard tissues of teeth and periodontal tissues during pregnancy, as well as to figure out how to better organize therapeutic and prophylactic steps for pregnant women. A comprehensive epidemiological study of 170 pregnant women aged 18 to 40 living in Tbilisi was carried out according to the WHO method. The findings show a high prevalence of dental cavity (from 61 percent to 98.8%) and a high severity of dental caries among pregnant women (from 2.55 1.03 to 14.31 5.44). The intensity of caries indicators increased as the gestational stage lengthened, but the greatest increase was observed in the second trimester of pregnancy. The results indicate a substantial prevalence of periodontal pathology (according to the PMA index) among pregnant women, with the level of pathology increasing with their age and gestational age (from 41.7 percent to 78.8 percent). By the end of the second trimester of pregnancy, the most noticeable improvements in periodontal tissues had been observed. Oral hygiene played a big role in determining the presence and incidence of periodontal disease. Low dental health indicators and worsening dental status during pregnancy point to the need for a more comprehensive diagnosis of all risk factors for major dental diseases, as well as the implementation of all stages of therapeutic and prophylactic interventions during pregnancy, based on the findings of a complete dental examination.
PHARMACEUTICAL CARE IN TIMES OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: NEMSITSVERIDZE NINO , TCHUMBURIDZE TAMAZ , PRUIDZE EKA , NIKURADZE NESTAN , ZARKUA TEA , GELASHVILI MAKA
Published: July 2021

The article discusses the peculiarities of pharmaceutical care in relation to the Covid-19 pandemic. A pharmaceutical care algorithm was developed and tested on people who displayed cold symptoms during the pandemic. 50 patients (with flu and cold symptoms) who visited the pharmacy were interviewed using the Pharmaceutical Care Algorithm. The results showed that 41 patients only had mild symptoms, while 9 out of 50 had probable symptoms of Covid 19. Patients were referred to the physicians for further examination. An appropriate pharmaceutical care plan was developed. The Covid-19 pandemic has further showcased a function of the pharmacist as a provider of appropriate care in a pharmacy facility. It showed us that a pharmacist has a vital role in preventing the pandemic, both by properly informing patients and by implementing an appropriate pharmaceutical care plan. In view of all the above, it is now vital to maintain an already developed algorithm and further update it based on how the pandemic progresses.