bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Capital Formation and Three Major Sectorial Female Employments in Six South Asian Countries
Authors:   Premier University, Department of Economics, 44 Hazari Goli Chittagong, Bangladesh, Dey Sudip
Published: October 2022

Female employment is a crucial measure especially for developing countries. It increases women empowerment, brings financial solvency, declines poverty rate and gender gap, reduces unemployment rate, and improves living standard and more. The prime goals of the paper are to investigate the impacts of capital formation on three major sectorial (agriculture, industry and service) female employments in six South Asian countries. The panel data set for the six South Asian countries is collected from 1991 to 2018. Fixed effect, random effects model and Hausman test have been employed to conduct the study. To discuss the impacts of capital formation on the three female employment sectors the study is splinted in three models. The econometric outcomes of the first model represent that there is a highly significant strong negative impact of gross capital formation on the agricultural sector. The study identifies that mechanization, structural transformation, declining agricultural land areas through capital formation, and female literacy rate are the key factors for this expected result. On the other side, the empirical results of the second and third models make it clear that gross capital formation has strong and highly significant positive impacts in the industrial and service sectors. Findings of the study confirm that economic growth, improvement of educational level, growth of manufacturing, advertising, marketing, finance, entertainment, telecommunications, media, hospitality sectors, RMG sector, tourism sector, banks, insurance companies, NGOs, trade related services, living standard, and health sector through capital formation are the responsible factors for these desired results in the industrial and service sectors’ female employment.
Digital Corporate Governance Practices: Evidence from Sri Lankan Listed Companies
Authors:   Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, Lionel Jayathilaka Mawatha, Kuliyapitiya, Sri Lanka, Arachchi Sachini , Dissanayake Hiranya ,   Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, Lionel Jayathilaka Mawatha, Kuliyapitiya, Sri Lanka, Deshika Thilini ,   Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, Lionel Jayathilaka Mawatha, Kuliyapitiya, Sri Lanka, Iddagoda Anuradha ,   University of Sri Jayewardenepura Gangodawila, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka
Published: October 2022

"The purpose of the research is to identify digital corporate governance practices in Sri Lankan listed firms. The concept of digital corporate governance has many areas. Digital meetings, cyber security, transparency and board IT (Information Technology) knowledge are some of them. Corporate governance in the 21st century has become the main focus and concern of companies in Sri Lanka of Digital transformation. Digital corporate governance practices are described in this research. With COVID 19 pandemic situation, most of the companies in Sri Lanka started to digitalize their business in every area. Digital corporate governance is one of the main areas in a company. Digital drive has developed steadily and has been integrated into the management system. For a stronger corporate governance system of organizations, the strict cyber security legislation must be developed"
A INCIDÊNCIA DE CISTOS EM TERCEIROS MOLARES INCLUSOS – UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Martins Vinícius Freitas , Batista Fábio Roberto de Souza
Published: October 2022

Os terceiros molares são considerados os de maiores índices de impacção dental devido ao desarranjo funcional na arcada dentária. Os resíduos celulares epiteliais presentes no folículo dentário aderido à coroa do terceiro molar incluso podem viabilizar proliferações e diferenciações potencialmente patológicas, como o desenvolvimento de cistos odontogênicos. O objetivo da presente revisão integrativa foi, através da estratégia PICOS, responder à questão “Qual a incidência de cistos em terceiros molares inclusos?”. Foi elaborada a questão norteadora da presente revisão integrativa para busca bibliográfica para resposta da pergunta na base de dados do PubMed. Através das palavras-chave, foram elencados critérios de elegibilidade para seleção dos artigos científicos disponibilizados na íntegra; no total, 8 artigos científicos foram incluídos para resposta da pergunta norteadora. Como resultados, foi possível observar um percentual considerável de lesões císticas associadas a terceiros molares inclusos registradas, com expressa manifestação de cisto dentígero. Considerando as limitações da metodologia aplicada, foi possível concluir que os cistos odontogênicos são significativamente associados a terceiros molares inclusos, sendo os cistos dentígeros os mais diagnosticados na análise histopatológica.
High sulphur dioxide deposition velocities measured with the flux/gradient technique in a boreal forest in the Alberta oil sands region
Authors: Gordon Mark , Blanchard Dane , Jiang Timothy , Makar Paul A. , Staebler Ralf M. , Aherne Julian , Mihele Cris , Zhang Xuanyi
Published: October 2022

Abstract. The emission of SO2 from the Athabasca oil sands region (AOSR) has been shown to impact the surrounding forest area and human exposure. Recent studies using aircraft-based measurements have demonstrated that deposition of SO2 to the forest is at a rate many times higher than model estimates. Here we use the flux/gradient method to estimate SO2 deposition rates at two tower sites in the boreal forest downwind of AOSR SO2 emissions. We use both continuous and passive sampler measurements and compare both techniques. The measurements predict SO2 deposition velocities ranging from 2.1–5.9 cm s-1. There are uncertainties associated with the passive sampler flux/gradient analysis, primarily due to an assumed Schmidt number, a required assumption of independent variables, and potential wind effects. We estimate the total uncertainty as ±2 cm s-1. Accounting for these uncertainties, the measurements are near (or slightly higher than) the previous aircraft-based measurements (1.2–3.2 cm s-1) and significantly higher than model estimates for the same measurement periods (0.1–0.6 cm s-1), suggesting that SO2 has a much shorter lifetime in the atmosphere than is currently predicted by models.
Historical Analysis of Reservoir Storage Trends and Resilience Across Contiguous US from 1980–2019
Authors: Steyaert Jennie C. , Condon Laura E.
Published: October 2022

Abstract. All major river systems in the Contiguous United States (CONUS) are impacted by dams. Many regional and global studies have looked at reservoir resilience to extreme events and quantified static characteristics, yet analysis of historical reservoir operations has been limited by a lack of data. Here we use the first national dataset of historical reservoir operations in CONUS, ResOpsUS, to analyze reservoir storage trends and operations over the last 40 years. We characterized seasonal operating patterns and show clear regional trends. In the eastern US which is dominated by flood control storage we see that storage peaks in the winter months with sharper decreases in operational range in the summer. While in the more arid western US where storage is predominantly for irrigation, we find that storage peaks during the spring and summer with increases in the operational range during the summer months. The Lower Colorado region is an outlier because it is arid and dominate by irrigation, but its seasonal storage dynamics more closely mirrored that of flood control basins. Consistent with previous studies we show that reservoir storage has decreased over the past 40 years, although our national fraction filled decreases are 50 % less than those shown previously. We also find that declines are occurring faster in more arid regions. Operational ranges (i.e. the difference between monthly max and min storage) have been increasing over time in more arid regions and decreasing in more humid regions. We also quantified hydrologic drought using the standardized streamflow index (SSI) and compared time it took for reservoir storage (expressed as anomalies in fraction filled) and SSI to recover. As would be expected, we see longer drought periods and more prolonged negative reservoir storage anomalies in the more arid basins. That said, nearly all regions have we show that the reservoir storage takes longer to recover from drought that the streamflow.
Síndrome DRESS asociado a fenitoína: informe de caso
Authors: Vallejos Narváez Álvaro , Canal Forero Julián E. , Salazar Peña David F. , Pérez López Javier A. , Acelas González Gabriel E. , Rojas Carvajal David A. , García Salazar Javier A.
Published: October 2022

El síndrome DRESS es una reacción adversa dermatológica que puede presentarse debido a diversos medicamentos, y constituye uno de los diagnósticos más importantes por encima del síndrome de Stevens-Johnson. Se trata de un caso relacionado con una reacción adversa de muy baja frecuencia, que está documentada en la literatura científica, a varios medicamentos, entre ellos la fenitoína. Por lo mencionado, la publicación de estos casos resulta escasa y limitada. Las principales preocupaciones del paciente relacionadas con su cuadro clínico radicaban en el gran compromiso cutáneo que lo llevó a hospitalización, dolor e incomodidad, por el cual recurrió al manejo tópico generalizado con vaselina. Los hallazgos clínicos relevantes fueron: eosinofilia severa, ulceraciones cutáneas, hepatitis química y fiebre. Con los hallazgos del cuadro clínico y la evaluación de la escala RegiSCAR se hace el diagnóstico de síndrome DRESS inducido por fenitoína. Se suspende la fenitoína, se inicia levetiracetam y se administran corticosteroides y acetaminofén con evolución favorable.
Pioderma gangrenoso ampollar como forma de presentación de leucemia mieloide aguda. Informe de un caso
Authors: Bodnariuk Natali , Bastard Dolores P. , Torre Ana C. , Andresik Diego , Vallone Marcelo G. , Mazzuoccolo Luis D.
Published: October 2022

El pioderma gangrenoso ampollar es una variedad infrecuente de pioderma gangrenoso, que se asocia en el 50-70% de los casos con trastornos oncohematológicos. Se comunica el caso de una paciente de 59 años, que consultó por fiebre y ampollas purpúricas de rápida progresión, con compromiso cutáneo mucoso. Con sospecha de una enfermedad neutrofílica, ampollar, o infección por gérmenes oportunistas, se realizó biopsia de piel para estudio histopatológico, inmunofluorescencia directa y cultivo. Los cultivos y la inmunofluorescencia directa fueron negativos, y la anatomía patológica reveló un denso infiltrado inflamatorio con predominio neutrofílico en dermis. Ante el diagnóstico de pioderma gangrenoso ampollar, se realizó una punción-aspiración de médula ósea cuyo resultado fue compatible con leucemia mieloide aguda. Se instauró tratamiento con corticosteroides sistémicos, a pesar de lo cual la paciente evolucionó desfavorablemente y falleció a los 15 días de su ingreso hospitalario.

Este caso ilustra la asociación de esta enfermedad cutánea con trastornos oncohematológicos y el mal pronóstico que esto implica a corto plazo.
Telepatía, semiótica y alteridad: sueño y terror de la comunicación total
Authors: Francescutti Pérez Luis Pablo
Published: October 2022

De la mano de las neurociencias y de Internet, la telepatía ha salido del olvido y vuelve a plantear la posibilidad de la transmisión extrasensorial del pensamiento. Sin embargo, la mera idea de una comunicación sin mediaciones —nunca confirmada de modo fidedigno— niega la semiosis social tal como la entiende la Escuela de Tartu, definida por la necesidad de códigos y de la interpretación de los mensajes, en suma, por la inevitabilidad de la mediación. Partiendo de la hipótesis de que dicha especulación puede ayudarnos a entender las expectativas colectivas ante la sociedad de la información, este artículo muestra cómo el diálogo de mente a mente fue imaginado primero como un doble fantasmal del telégrafo sin hilos y de la radiofonía después; y concluye que los discursos sobre la telepatía fusionan un viejo anhelo de comunión plena con el Otro con los temores al avasallamiento de la personalidad generados por los mass media y las industrias de la conciencia.
Famosos, ídolos, iconos, “parientes pobres” de la semiótica de la cultura
Authors: Gómez Pascual Oscar
Published: October 2022

Este artículo quiere hacer uso de la metodología semiótica de la cultura para abordar un fenómeno clave nuestra mediática como es el de la fama, y en particular, su vinculación con el discurso religioso y la construcción de ídolos e iconos en ambientes altamente mediatizados. Históricamente vinculados al problema de la imagen sagrada y de su regulación, se nos presentan hoy como estados de fama superlativa y como elementos que siguen hablando de la actitud que mantenemos con las imágenes que creamos. Observaremos por tanto en una perspectiva macro, qué se mantiene, qué ha desaparecido y qué se ha incorporado en nuestra concepción de los actuales ídolos e iconos, parientes pobres de la cultura, con respecto a los regímenes de sentido establecido por sus homónimos religiosos.
ANALYSIS OF THE CATIONIC-ANIONIC COMPOSITION OF FEED
Authors: Kalyuzhnaya T. V. , Orlova D. A.
Published: October 2022

When compiling diets for productive animals, one of the indicators taken into account is the cationanion balance, which is calculated based on the content of sodium and potassium cations and sulfate and chloride anions. The cationic-anionic composition of feed is very diverse. The lack or excess of one or another cation or anion in feed can lead to disruption of metabolic processes and various diseases of non-infectious etiology.

The aim of the work was to quantify and analyze the cationanion composition of feed for productive animals by capillary electrophoresis.

The research was carried out in the conditions of the educational and research center for the examination of food and animal feed of the St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine. 76 samples of various feeds for productive animals were used as research materials: 19 samples of grass flour, cake, mixed feeds for cattle.

The study of the cationic composition of the studied feed samples was carried out, guided by the methodology M 04-65-2010 «Feed, compound feed and raw materials for their production. The method of measuring the mass fraction of ammonium, potassium, sodium, magnesium and calcium cations by capillary electrophoresis using the capillary electrophoresis system «Kapel», and anionic composition – according to the method M 04 -73-2011 «Feed, compound feed and raw materials for their production. The method of measuring the mass fraction of water-soluble forms of chloride, sulfate, nitrate and phosphate ions by capillary electrophoresis using the capillary electrophoresis system «Kapel» (GC «LUMEX»).

Thus, analyzing the results obtained, it was found that in all samples of feed for productive animals, the mass fraction of cations and anions varied depending on the type of cation or anion and feed.

Determination of the cationic-anionic composition of feed is a necessary condition for the formation of a full-fledged diet that provides the body of productive animals with nutrients, which is especially important in modern conditions of intensification of animal husbandry and agricultural development.
OVARIOREMINANT SYNDROME IN BITCHES AFTER OVARIOGYSTEROECTOMY
Authors: Poluektov E. A. , Payterova V. V. , Abdulloyev H. S.
Published: October 2022

Female ovariohysterectomy is one of the most common surgical interventions aimed at preventing diseases of the reproductive system and regulating the number, incl. in neglected animals. This is an abdominal operation that can be performed by various techniques. Complications after ovariohysterectomy occur infrequently, incl. reminant ovary syndrome is extremely rare.

According to the results of numerous studies, bitches and cats are preferably spayed before the first estrus. Thus, reducing the risk of neoplasms of the breast, ovaries and uterus.

The aim of our study was to determine the incidence of ovarioreminant syndrome in bitches after ovariohysterectomy/ovariectomy and to work out the technique for searching for residual/ectopic ovarian tissues.

The study was conducted from 01.12.2020 to June 2022 in the conditions of the network of veterinary clinics "Alisavet" in Moscow. The object of the study were 557 clinically healthy females over the age of 8 months of various breeds. Castration was performed by standard laparotomy and endoscopically. Each dog underwent preoperative blood tests (general and biochemical tests), ultrasound of the genitourinary system, ECHO-KG, and an electrocardiogram was also performed for large animals.

A day after surgery, ultrasound was performed using the Mindray Vetus 7 machine to check for early postoperative complications, ECHO-CG was also performed using the Mindray Vetus 7. An electrocardiogram was recorded using the Neurosoft Polyspectre 8/B. Calculation of parameters of the general blood test was carried out on the analyzer Mindray BC-2800 Vet, biochemical blood parameters - on the biochemical analyzer Fujifilm Dri-chem NX500i or in the laboratories of Mos-cow (Mitrokhina laboratory, Vetunion). All the results obtained during the research were processed statistically using Microsoft Excel.
DIABETIC CATARACT IN DOGS: COMPLICATIONS, TREATMENT, OUTCOMES
Authors: Prudnikova E. V.
Published: October 2022

Diabetic cataracts are common in diabetic dogs and lead to blindness and lens-induced uveitis, the complications of which may lead to the need to remove the eyeball. The objectives of this study were to provide a clinical and ophthalmological characteristics of diabetic cataract in dogs, to describe pre-, intra- and postoperative complications of diabetic cataract phacoemulsification in dogs, and to identify relationships between different parameters of phacoemulsification, types of complications, and outcomes of treatment for diabetic cataract in dogs. The study included 22 dogs of various breeds with diabetes mellitus complicated by bilateral mature cataract, all animals underwent a complete ophthalmological examination, including biomicroscopy, ophthalmotonometry, examination of chromatic pupillary reflexes, ultrasound examination of the eyeball, and uni- or bilateral cataract phacoemulsification. In the course of the study, it was found that diabetic cataract in dogs develops on average 3.4 ± 2.9 months from the moment the patient has diabetes mellitus, is characterized by the formation of cracks in the anterior lens suture (77%), the average lens thickness is 0.82 ±0.16 cm, lens -induced uveitis. Preoperative complications included: aqueous flare, posterior capsular rupture, capsular fibrosis, and lens subluxation. Intraoperative complications: the release of liquefied cortex into capsulorhexis, are widespread (75%). The most common postoperative complications of diabetic cataract include POH (16.7%) and corneal dystrophy (13.9%). Correlation analysis revealed the relationship between the time to surgery, various parameters of the operation and types of complications, preoperative complications, in particular, spontaneous rupture of the posterior capsule, small lens thickness, and intraoperative complications are associated in this study with a negative outcome in terms of vision.
ACUTE TOXICITY STUDY BASED ON TOLTRAZURIL, TINIDAZOLE AND LEVAMISOLA
Authors: Butenko A. V. , Orobec V. A. , Kireev I. V.
Published: October 2022

As a result of the studies, it was found that the proposed drug based on toltrazuril, tinidazole and levamisole hydrochloride according to the average lethal oral dose in accordance with GOST 12.1.007–76 belongs to the fourth hazard class - low-hazard substances. To assess the acute toxicity of the drug, experimental and control groups of whites were formed. Wistar rats weighing 190.2±5.92 grams. To study the acute toxicity of the drug based on toltrazuril, tinidazole and levamisole hydrochloride, a suspension was prepared using the Polysorbate 80 emulsifier. The prepared suspension in different dosages was administered through an intragastric tube to experimental animals and an equal volume of physiological saline was administered to the control group of white rats. With the introduction of a drug based on toltrazuril, tinidazole and levamisole hydrochloride at a dose of 3745 mg/kg, the death of two rats was recorded, which is 20% of the experimental group No. 5. With the introduction of the drug at a dose of 5350 mg/kg, 5 dead animals or 50% of experimental group No. 8 were registered, and with the introduction of 6420 mg/kg - 10 dead laboratory animals, i.e. all animals of the experimental group No. 10. When registering the body weight of white rats of the experimental and control groups, no statistically significant differences were found in the indicators for the entire observation period. At the same time, it should be noted that in the groups of experimental laboratory animals in which the drug was tested at a dose of 3745 mg/kg to 5885 mg/kg, lower values of body weight gain were established in comparison with the control. The minimum tolerated dose was found to be 3210.0 mg/kg, LD16 - 3679.7 mg/kg, LD50 - 5029.0 mg/kg, LD84 - 6121.5 mg/kg, LD100 - 6420.0 mg/kg and SLD50 - ±406. The data obtained allow us to proceed to the study of subchronic toxicity and irritant action of the developed drug.
TESTING METHODS FOR APPLICATION OF A BIOSTIMULATOR FROM CATTLE BRAIN TISSUE ON THE BASIS FROM FILM-FORMING SUBSTANCES
Authors: Shulunova A. N. , Fedota N. V. , Kvochko A. N. , Gorohova M. M.
Published: October 2022

An important step in the manufacture of ophthalmic medicinal films is the method of applying the active substance to the base of the film former. As a result of the analysis of available methods, it is necessary to choose a method in which the prolonged action of medicinal substances remains the same, and the molecular structure of the active component does not change. A number of researchers suggest adding an active component to a film former immediately before film production. Some developers apply active ingredients to a ready-made base. Based on the foregoing, we set a goal - to test methods for applying a biostimulator from the brain tissue of cattle with the addition of silver nanoparticles to a base of film-forming substances. As laboratory models for testing the methods of applying the active substance to the film-forming base, we chose polyvinyl alcohol in a ratio of 1/15 with distilled water and gelatin in a ratio of 1/7 with distilled water. To prepare the active substance for its introduction into the film-forming agent, NaCl solution was added with a micropipette to the biostimulator from the brain tissue of cattle with the addition of silver nanoparticles and gently but thoroughly mixed. To determine the dissolution rate of the eye medicinal films obtained as a result of the experiment, the obtained samples were placed on the surface of the cornea of laboratory animals. 10 giant rabbits and two outbred dogs were chosen as experimental animals. As a result of the study, we found that the preferred method for applying a biostimulant from the brain tissue of cattle with the addition of silver nanoparticles to the base of film-forming substances (polyvinyl alcohol and gelatin) is the introduction of the active substance into the film-forming agent immediately before the production of films. Forms based on gelatin completely dissolved in the eyes of the subjects in 45 minutes, from polyvinyl alcohol - in 95 minutes.
DEVELOPMENT OF INJECTABLE DOSAGE FORM OF PHYTODRUG ON THE BASIS OF HELLELLOW, YARROW, AND NETTLE FOR THE PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF POSTPARTUM DISEASES IN COWS
Authors: Boyko T. V. , Luksha E. A. , Veretennikova V. S. , Ogurnoy I. V.
Published: October 2022

This paper discusses the prospect of developing an injectable form of herbal medicine as a uterotonic, antimicrobial, ruminatory, anti-inflammatory, hemostatic and immunostimulating agent, which includes alcohol tinctures of nettle, yarrow and hellebore, as well as propylene glycol. The methods of pharmaceutical analysis of medicinal plant raw materials, physicochemical and empirical methods were used to determine the optimal composition of the phytocomposition in the following ratio of components per 100 ml: hellebore tincture - 2.5 ml, yarrow tincture - 15.0 ml, nettle tincture - 15, 0 ml, propylene glycol - 67.5 ml. Phytopreparation is a transparent alcohol solution, dark green in color, without foreign impurities and sediment, with a specific smell, soluble in water and alcohol. The results of the safety assessment of the phytopreparation, carried out on laboratory animals, indicate its low toxicity in the enteral and parenteral routes of administration. In pilot studies conducted on cows with signs of acute catarrhal endometritis, which were injected intravenously with the test composition of the phytopreparation at a dose of 30 ml per head, positive results were obtained. 10-15 minutes after the intravenous administration of the phytopreparation in cows, a contraction of the muscles of the uterus and the release of exudate were recorded. The results of early gynecological medical examination of cows, carried out 14 days after calving, confirm the high therapeutic efficacy of the developed composition in acute purulent-catarrhal endometritis and subinvolution of the uterus in cows.
Assessing Inclusive Growth in Nigeria: An Application of the Social Opportunity Function
Authors: P.I. Ajayi , C.S. Oburota
Published: October 2022

Inclusive growth, pro-poor growth and broad-based growth are all terms used to explain growth processes that enable the entire population including the poor to actively participate and benefit from the economic growth process. In recent times, Nigeria’s GDP has been low, this is occasioned by slow growth, recession and the covid-19 pandemic. GDP growth rate had averaged 0.82% in the last decade and reached an all-time low of -14.66% in the first quarter of 2022. This study investigates inclusive growth in Nigeria using the social opportunity function. The social opportunity methodology is used to determine whether inclusive growth has been achieved overtime using education, health and employment sectors of the economy. The objective of this study is to assess inclusive growth performance in Nigeria as it relates to equitable distribution of opportunities. Data obtained from the General Household Survey (GHS) 2012/2013, 2015/2016 and 2018/19 of the National Bureau of Statistics were used for the analysis. The study revealed that inclusive growth was not achieved in Nigeria in the provision of employment, education and health care for the population. For inclusive growth to be achieved, timely interventions in education, health and unemployment are recommended.
Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction of Hotels in Port Harcourt, Rivers State
Authors: A.B. Ohikhuare , B.A. Renner
Published: October 2022

The study examined the relationship between service quality and customer satisfaction of hotels in Rivers State. The study adopted descriptive survey research design. The population of the study comprised all customers of registered hotels in Rivers State. This implies that the study population is infinite in nature. A sample size of three hundred and eighty-four (384) was adopted. The various hypotheses formulated were tested using Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC). The results of the analysis confirmed that all the dimensions of service quality (assurance and service responsiveness) were found to have a positive and significant relationship with customer satisfaction as measured by customers’ loyalty and referrals. It is therefore concluded that the aim of service quality is to optimize customer satisfaction through gaining the loyalty of the current customers in a multi-channel environment and ensuring they are completely satisfied. In line with the conclusion, the study recommends that the hotel staff and employees should be well cultured and trained to provide prompt services to their guest when called upon to do so, as service responsiveness is seen as a major tool for guaranteeing customer referral behaviour.
SOCIAL NETWORK ANALYSIS TERKAIT IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM KESEHATAN PERTAHANAN NEGARA DALAM PERSEPEKTIF PENANGANAN COVID-19
Authors: Briando Bobby , Suryana Ohan , Embi Muhamad Ali
Published: October 2022

Penulisan artikel ini bertujuan dalam rangka melihat sejauh mana publik memberikan suatu repson terhadap upaya percepatan penanganan Corona Virus Desease 2019 (Covid-19) sebagai implementasi sistem kesehatan pertahanan negara. Dalam sistem pertahanan Negara harus memperhatikan Global Health Security Agenda (GHSA) yang merupakan tantangan global saat ini yang menjadi perhatian utama dunia. GHSA menjadi pendulum tarik ulur problematika keamanan kesehatan dunia, yang merambah area dimensi nasional dan regional masing-masing Negara. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan big data analysis berupa Drone Emprit Academic (DNA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwasannya satuan gugus tugas penangangan covid-29 telah memperhatikan aspek tersebut. Hal ini terlihat dari telah terpenuhinya unsur-unsur pendukung dalam pelaksanaannya. Respon publikpun memiliki tren positif dalam menilai kinerja gugus tugas.
INDONESIAN IMMIGRATION COOPERATION WITH INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS FOR REFUGEES
Authors: Putri Reisya Faradila
Published: October 2022

The existence of refugees in Indonesia has existed for a long time. Some of the reasons for foreign nationals (WNA) fleeing to Indonesia are because in their home country there are conflicts, wars, and poverty. It was recorded that there were 13,459 children, adults, and the elderly who took refuge in Indonesia, the majority of whom came from Afghanistan, Somalia, and Iraq. To manage and serve existing refugees, Indonesia cooperates with several international organizations such as the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and the International Organization for Migration (IOM). The two international organizations have their respective roles in dealing with refugees in Indonesia. UNHCR itself has a role as an agency that provides status for refugees, while IOM has a role in providing facilities for refugees in Indonesia and assisting immigration in dealing with migration problems. Immigration itself has a role to monitor refugees in Indonesia. The Directorate General of Immigration under the Ministry of Law and Human Rights has been working closely with the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), starting in 1979
FORENSIC AND LANGUAGE LABORATORY AS ONE OF THE MAIN SUPPORT TO PRODUCE PROFESSIONAL HUMAN RESOURCES IN IMMIGRATION TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT PROGRAM AT IMMIGRATION POLYTECHNIC
Authors: Prabadhi Isidorus Anung , Sidik Reno Mareno
Published: October 2022

Immigration as the gatekeeper of the country is required to have human resources (HR) who have competence in the immigration field and have a thorough understanding of immigration technical matters. To achieve this optimally, several improvements are needed that must be made at the TPI Forensic Laboratory, Services at the Immigration Office and in the Language Laboratory as a means of support for students, in this case Taruna is proficient in foreign languages ​​other than Indonesian because later in the field will be directly dealing with various kinds of people. foreigners who come to Indonesia. This is related to the real situation in the field which shows that the Lab. Forensics for TPI has not yet reached an ideal state, which should be updated regularly according to their needs and demands. Apart from PCs and similar facilities, good electricity and good network is also something that is no less important. All of this with the main objective, namely, efforts to improve the quality of human resources and create ideal conditions with the supporting facilities for the learning of cadets, namely, the Forensic Laboratory for TPI and the Language Laboratory at the Immigration Polytechnic.
REVIEW OF ACTION ON FOREIGN WHO ILLEGAL FISHING IN TAREMPA IMMIGRATION OFFICE AREA
Authors: Galih Renra Hata
Published: October 2022

Illegal fishing, namely fishing activities by foreign people or vessels in waters that are the jurisdiction of a country, without permission from that country, or contrary to laws and regulations. The problem of Illegal fishing not only causes problems regarding Indonesia's natural resources but also raises various immigration problems from the initial detention until the perpetrators of illegal fishing are deported to their home countries. The process of Immigration Administration Action (TAK) causes a lot of costs to be incurred, therefore simplification of the Immigration Analyst Actions (TAK) process and new detention methods will reduce costs incurred in the process of managing illegal fishing actors.
AN ONE BELT, ONE ROAD AND THE WORLD: HOW CHINA IS MASTERING THE WORLD'S MIGRATION PATTERNS
Authors: Marus Rafsanjani Is
Published: October 2022

This study looks at China's "One Belt, One Road" initiative, which is grouped into two parts: the Maritime Silk Road Initiative and the Silk Road Economic Belt, both of which were revealed in 2013. Through the establishment of interconnected infrastructure projects such as ports, roads, railways, and pipelines, each component has the ability to reshape the global geopolitical landscape.The paper is divided into four sections to help the reader have a better grasp of the OBOR project and its impacts. This study describes trends and patterns of recent OBOR projects in Belt and Road Countries, analyzes the geopolitical implications of the OBOR, and investigates the integration of new migration patterns based on existing data and literature on current Chinese development. Using a geopolitical approach that identifies territorial and political power, This study examined prospective migration and integration patterns that may emerge as the OBOR initiative advancements. As a result, this paper concludes that the OBOR initiative is not only an international cooperation project, but something that also turns China's geopolitics power at various levels, has the potential to be momentous, and will simultaneously create opportunities for global partnership while also reshaping the existing migration pattern and a new geopolitics perspective.
A STRATEGIC VIEW OF MINILATERALISM: INDONESIA, QUAD, ASEAN, SOUTH KOREA, JAPAN, AND IMPEDIMENT TO ASEAN CENTRALITY?
Authors: Jose Hino Samuel , Prasetyo Sigit Aris
Published: October 2022

This paper elaborates on how Indonesia and ASEAN could synergize their role on a more strategic views in ensuring ASEAN-led centrality. With minilateralism concerns growing, this paper addresses the importance of maintaining external relations for constructive dialogue and how foreign policy restructurization of Indonesia should be executed in a more normative and ideational level. This paper employs qualitative analysis through document-based research on previous literatures to formulate the contention and discussions that has been very Comprehensive and wide in scholarly analyses. Will Indo-Pacific prevail with ASEAN as the central player? What Jakarta has to do about it?
SMS GATEWAY SYSTEM NOTIFICATION OF FOREIGNERS' RESIDENCE PERMITS AT CLASS II NON-TPI IMMIGRATION OFFICES IN DEPOK
Authors: Susaningsih Catur , Assiroj Priati , Dwiputro Fadhil Atallah
Published: October 2022

The Immigration Office Class II Non-TPI Depok is an Immigration Technical Implementation Unit that has a fairly wide work area coverage. This is certainly a challenge for the Depok Immigration Office in carrying out supervision and services for foreigners living in its working area. The increasing use of cellular telephones in the world must be utilized by the Depok Immigration Office in using cellular telephones to carry out supervision and service to foreigners living in its working area. One system that can take advantage of the use of cellular phones is the SMS Gateway system which can be used as a notification system to foreigners regarding the validity period of their residence permit. The purpose of this study is to determine the extent to which the SMS Gateway system for notification of foreigners' residence permits is useful and important at the Depok Immigration Office, as well as explaining how it is implemented. In making the system, the author uses a system development method, namely the System Development Life Cycle which aims to make the system can be made with clear stages and the system can be made well. The results of this study are the SMS Gateway system for foreigner notification which is used as a reminder of the validity period of the foreigner's residence permit.
Carvedilol- loaded Transdermal Ethosomal gel: Characterization, ex vivo/in vivo Evaluation
Authors: A. Marzouk Maha , M. Elbakry Asmaa , M. Khalil Rawia , W. Zahran Areej
Published: October 2022

Carvedilol (CAR) is a cardiovascular drug commonly used for the management of hypertension, heart failure and angina pectoris. However, it has low oral bioavailability due to pre-systematic breakdown by liver enzymes which necessitates multiple doses per day. The present study investigates the development of sustained release transdermal carvedilol-loaded ethosomal formulation. CAR- ethosomal formulation was prepared by cold method with1% lipid, 50mg Carvedilol, 30% ethanol (v/v) and sonication time 3 min. The prepared formulation was characterized for vesicle size, polydispersity index (PDI) and entrapment efficiency (EE%). The formula showed small vesicle size (46.75±9.41nm) and high EE% (97%). Accordingly, it was subjected to stability study, TEM and zeta potential analysis. The formula showed good physical stability at refrigeration temperature after 90 days storage period as well as good zeta potential of +38.75mV. Our formula exhibited spherical unilamellar structure under TEM. Consequently, our formula was made as gel using HPMC polymer and was tested for pH, spreadability, drug content, skin permeation and pharmacokinetic study by HPLC-MS technique. Plasma drug levels were measured for rats after administration of both ethosomal gel and oral carvedilol tablet. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated and compared between the transdermal and oral dosage forms. Our formula showed lower t max and higher AUC0-24 than oral carvedilol tablet. Our findings affirm the potential of ethosomes as new vesicular carriers in sustained transdermal management of common cardiovascular conditions.
Variation of Determination Glycemic Index of Banana’s Tuber of Ambon (Musa paradisiaca var. sapientum), Kepok Banana (Musa paradisiaca var. formatypica) and Raja Banana (Musa paradisiaca var. raja) to Rat (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: Syakri Syamsuri , Ningsi Surya , Hamzah Hasyrul , Zain Riska
Published: October 2022

The utilization of banana’s tuber was considering the nutritional content of banana’s tuber is quite high. This study aims to determine that glycemic index (GI) varieties of banana tuber given orally in rat. Banana tubers examined, among others, parasites banana ambon (Musa paradisiaca var. sapientum), kepok (Musa paradisiaca var. formatypica) and raja (Musa paradisiaca var. raja). Rats are grouped into 5 groups and each grup had 3 rats. The banana’s tuber is given in the form of flour suspended into 0,1% NaCMC with a dose of 2,5g/kgBW, a positive control of glucose oral dose 2,5g/kgBW. Blood sampling of test animals at hour 0 (before administration of test or control compounds); 0,5;1 and 2 hours after administration of the test compounds. The blood serum is then determined glucose level using glucometer. The data in the blood glucose leve; of the test versus time animal were analyzed into Area Under Curve (AUC) glucose versus AUC (0-2 hours). The calculation of GI is done by comparing AUC (0-2 hours) of test compound to AUC (0-2 hours) glucose. The results showed that the three varieties of banana tuber had low GI values, were Ambon’s banana’s tuber had a glycemic index amount 32,5; Kepok’s banana tuber had GI amount 25,5 and Raja’s banana tuber had GI amount 45,6.
Effect of Alkalizing agent variation for Aloe vera Gel Handsanitizer Formulation
Authors: Melati Sirait Septilina , Rahmatia Lintannisa , Enriyani Riri
Published: October 2022

The aim of the research was to extract of Aloe vera contains active compounds such as alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids and saponins and produce hand sanitizer by Aloe vera extract. Saponin has the ability to inhibit microorganisms growth and has antiseptic properties so that can be used as a formula to produce hand sanitizers. The formulation of Aloe vera extract for handsanitizer is carried out by varying the type of alkalizing agent at a certain pH. The formula consisted of three variations in which each formulation carried out its characteristics in the form of a dispersion test, adhesion test, homogenity test, viscosity test and antiseptic test. Based on the results of the study, it was found that each variation of handsanitizer formulation had a homogeneous structure and the handsanitizer with formula II had a fairly wide dispersive power for gel preparations. Meanwhile, the handsanitizer by Formulation I had the greatest viscosity value, around 837 cps and the longest adhesion value of about 2.44 minutes. Based on the antiseptic test, it was produced that the handsanitizer by formulation I was able to kill more microbial colonies, about 71 microb colonies from the available 107 microbes. It is known that the handsanitizer formulation I is a handsanitizer with a variety of alkalizing agents in the form of triethanolamine (TEA) at pH 5.01.
Effect of Coating Thickness and Polyethylene Glycol’s Molecular Weight on Diltiazem Hydrochloride Release from Controlled Porosity Osmotic Pump Tablets
Authors: Soliman Lomass , Ibrahim Wehad
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this research was to design CPOP tablets to achieve controlled delivery of diltiazem hydrochloride (DH) up to 12 hours, which is a water-soluble calcium channel blocker with a short biological half-life. Two batches of osmotic tablet cores were prepared, containing DH with mannitol as an osmotic agent (1: 1.5 ratio). The tablet cores formulation with 10 mm diameter achieved the required technical and mechanical specifications. Direct compression technique was used to prepare the tablet cores which were evaluated in terms of mechanical resistance and uniformity of dosage units, followed by spray film coating using cellulose acetate as a former polymer of the semipermeable membrane and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a pore forming agent. Several molecular weights of PEG (6000, 1500 and 400) were used and coating thickness levels were obtained. In vitro drug release, morphology of coating surface and the effect of pH change on release rate were investigated. Most of the prepared formulations demonstrated a burst release at the initial stage, which could be controlled by increasing the coating thickness. Formulations with PEG400 as a pore former presented better controlled and less burst release than those containing PEG6000, PEG1500, or a mixture of PEG6000: PEG400 (1: 1), and the pH change did not affect the drug release except in the initial stage.
Immunomodulatory Potency Etlingera rubroloba A.D. Poulsen Fruit Ethanol extract against Macrophage Phagocytic Activity and CD4 Levels in Wistar Male Rats
Authors: Ilyas Y Muhammad , Diantini Ajeng , Ghozali Mohammad , Sahidin I , Fristiohady Adryan
Published: October 2022

Etlingera rubroloba A.D. Poulsen is an endemic plant in Southeast Sulawesi and taxonomic affinity with Etlingera elatior (Jack) R. M. Smith. The fruit of E. elatior has been reported to provide immunomodulatory activity by increasing the phagocytic activity of macrophage cells. This study aimed to determine the immunomodulatory potency of the E. rubroloba fruit ethanol extract with parameters of phagocytic activity and CD4 levels. This study used 24 male Wistar rats divided into 6 treatment groups, namely normal, negative (Na-CMC 0.5%), positive (Phylantii extract 0.135 mg/kgbw), extract dose I (200), dose II (300), and dose III (400) mg/kgBW. The treatment was given 3 mL each orally for seven days. All mice (except the normal group) were infected with 0.5 mL of Staphylococcus aureus intraperitoneally on the eighth day. The data were statistically analyzed by measuring macrophage phagocytic activity microscopically using Giemsa staining and CD4 levels using the sandwich ELISA method. The results showed that dose 300 mg/KgBW demonstrated the highest average percentage of macrophage cell phagocytic activity and CD4 level, which were 80.5% and 227.49 ng/mL, respectively. They were higher than the positive control treatment. Based on the results of Tukey's post hoc statistical test, all treatment groups had significant differences from the positive control group in both parameters (P<0.05). This study concludes that the ethanolic extract of the fruit of E. rubroloba dose of 300 mg/kgbw has potential as an immunomodulator where increased phagocytic activity is associated with increased CD4 levels.
Molecular Analysis of bacteria isolated from the soil for its Potential Agnostic activity
Authors: K. Vinodhini , S. Kavitha , T. Saranya , K. Geethalakshmi
Published: October 2022

The work elucidates the agnostic action of a bacterial soil isolate, procured from different parts from Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India. The bacteria strains were obtained via routine serial dilution plate protocols. The best isolate was tested against 3 pathogens; Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus. The screening was performed via streaking, and the isolate L1An1 exhibited agnostic activity on K pneumoniae and S aureus. The maximal impact of 21mm inhibition zone was recorded. Molecular identiﬁcation and the resultant sequence were consigned for NCBI BLAST. The isolates L1An2 showed 99% resemblance with that of Enterobacter aerogenes. The sequence submitted to GenBank and MT192658.1 was procured the accession number.
Formulation of methyldopa 250 mg Tablets by direct compression using a Quality by Design approach
Authors: Isaac Baguma Murungi , Luvuno-Keele Mbali , Mahlatsi Gauda , Jaganath Nelesh
Published: October 2022

Background: Despite being in use for over 50 years, the physicochemical challenges posed by methyldopa remain ever present. Methyldopa is not only significantly hygroscopic, but also prone to oxidative and hydrolytic degradation that can be accelerated by moisture. Poor compression behaviour, another limitation of methyldopa, leaves the formulation scientist with a constellation of formulation hurdles that must be faced, understood, and overcome. This is a task that can be tackled using elements of the Quality by Design (QbD) approach. Objective: The study aimed at developing an optimal formulation of methyldopa into 250 mg immediate release tablets by direct compression using elements of QbD. Method: Excipients of pharmaceutical grade were selected for the candidate formulation, preliminary concentrations set for each and settings for mixing and compression variables established. The risk posed by all these factors was evaluated using Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA). The preliminary experiment was executed using a 12 run Plackett Burman design. A 16 run Box-Behnken experimental design successfully aided in the identification of excipient concentrations and manufacturing conditions that yield tablets of optimal quality. Results: FMEA revealed that magnesium stearate, colloidal silica, sodium starch glycolate (SSG), citric acid monohydrate, mixing speed, duration of pre-lubrication mixing, duration of lubrication and compression speed were critical risk factors. The optimal formulation was achieved at the following settings: 1 % m/m magnesium stearate, 1 % m/m colloidal silica, 3.9 % m/m sodium starch glycolate, 1.7 % m/m citric acid monohydrate, mixing speed of 101 rpm, 6 minutes of pre-lubrication mixing, 2 minutes of lubrication and compression speed of 20 rpm. Conclusion: The QbD tools used in this study enabled, not only achievement of optimal quality, but also a better understanding of the impact of critical formulation variables on tablet quality. Challenges to pharmaceutical development can be effectively overcome using the QbD approach.