bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UTILIZAÇÃO DE TÉCNICAS DE FORTALECIMENTO RESPIRATÓRIO NO AUXÍLIO DO DESMAME DE PACIENTES COM DOENÇA PULMONAR OBSTRUTIVA CRÔNICA (DPOC)
Authors: Simões Ana Dejanira Martins Fraga
Published: December 2023

Pacientes com doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica (DPOC), estando internado por longo período em uma unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI) contrai diversos prejuízos aos sistemas musculoesquelético, cardiovascular, respiratório e neurológico. Para que uma reabilitação pulmonar seja eficaz, torna-se necessário a prática de técnicas fisioterápicas de fortalecimento respiratório para restaurar a funcionalidade anterior ao episódio que determinou a necessidade da ventilação mecânica. Este processo poderá reduzir a dependência e evitar novas internações, melhorando a qualidade de vida do paciente. O objetivo deste estudo é determinar a efetividade das técnicas de fortalecimento respiratório no auxílio do desmame em pacientes com DPOC após uma exacerbação. A metodologia adotada foi uma revisão bibliográfica realizada nas bases de dados PubMed, PEDro e SciELO utilizando como descritores “reabilitação pulmonar” “técnicas de fortalecimento respiratório” e “desmame de pacientes com DPOC”. O estudo analisou os artigos em busca da prática da fisioterapia como adjunto no desmame da ventilação mecânica (VM) cujas informações focaram na atuação; métodos; e recursos utilizados pela fisioterapia que contribuíram para o sucesso no desmamem dos pacientes que utilizaram VM na UTI. A conclusão alcançada é de que a fisioterapia em busca do fortalecimento da musculatura respiratória se mostrou essencial junto à equipe multidisciplinar no processo de desmame por contribuir para a reabilitação dos músculos respiratórios do paciente em VM. Utilizando protocolos específicos e programas adequados de fisioterapia respiratória, torna-se possível evitar diversas complicações, proporcionando benefícios aos pacientes com DPOC, tais como, melhora da deambulação; aumento de força da musculatura respiratória e esquelética; e, principalmente, melhora funcional ligada às atividades de vida diária.
LACERAÇÃO ISOLADA DE VESÍCULA BILIAR NO TRAUMA ABDOMINAL FECHADO: relato de caso
Authors: Gomes Bruna Pirassol , Silva Letícia Camilo Aguiar , Soares Gabriel de Queiroz , Lustosa André Luis Morelli , Rabelo Izabella Graziel , Almeida Júnior Eros Sebastião
Published: December 2023

O trauma abdominal fechado se caracteriza por manter a pele íntegra, transmitindo dano aos órgãos através da parede abdominal ou dá-se, também, por desaceleração. A lesão da vesícula decorre de forças compressivas e de cisalhamento, que são mais comuns após acidentes com veículos automotores. A perfuração da vesícula biliar é mais provável quando a mesma está distendida e possui parede fina na ocasião da lesão. O diagnóstico de lesão da vesícula biliar por traumatismo abdominal fechado geralmente é confirmado durante a laparotomia exploratória ou laparoscopia diagnóstica. Dessa forma, este trabalho tem o objetivo de realizar um relato científico acerca de um caso de laceração isolada da vesícula biliar por trauma abdominal fechado, tratado com colecistectomia convencional. Bem como, difundir conhecimentos acerca de entidades clínicas raras e suas possibilidades terapêuticas viáveis. Compartilhar um caso tratado de maneira bem-sucedida pode ser de auxílio para que outros profissionais se utilizem das mesmas técnicas aplicadas pelos pesquisadores, além de permitir que realizem comparações com outras técnicas utilizadas em outros serviços. Portanto, no trauma abdominal fechado, apesar de existirem pacientes assintomáticos, é fundamental que se faça uma investigação para detectar a presença de possíveis lesões intra-abdominais, como descrito no caso deste projeto. E, especificamente, ao diagnóstico de lesão isolada da vesícula biliar, deve-se realizar colecistectomia convencional ou videolaparoscópica, tendo em vista que o prognóstico desses casos geralmente é favorável.
Adversidades y vestigios discriminatorios en el ámbito laboral, en la comunidad LGBTTTIQ+
Authors: Esponda Pérez Jorge Alberto , Marroquín Figueroa Julia María
Published: December 2023

El estudio aborda la discriminación laboral hacia la comunidad LGBTTTI en el municipio de Tonalá, Chiapas. Se empleó una metodología exploratoria mixta, entrevistando a 35 personas de dicha comunidad. Los resultados revelaron altos niveles de violencia, discriminación y estigmatización en el ámbito laboral. El 82.85% experimentó impedimentos para ser contratado debido a su orientación sexual, y el 85.71% se sintió inseguro al postularse para un cargo. El 54.28% enfrentó actos discriminatorios durante la contratación. La exclusión social fue prevalente (57.14%), y el 94.28% informó depresión como consecuencia de la discriminación. La falta de apoyo económico-familiar llevó a algunos a abandonar estudios universitarios. Las conclusiones destacan la necesidad de políticas públicas inclusivas y programas de sensibilización para contrarrestar la discriminación laboral.
MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR IPS SISWA MELALUI PENERAPAN METODE DISCOVERY LEARNING
Authors: Sinaga Melda Kusumajaya , Corry Corry , Sinurat Anggiat
Published: December 2023

Social science learning is not only carried out with the aim that students have the social knowledge needed in social life, but also so that students have social skills and thinking skills in solving problems in society. The goal in this research is to improve students' social science learning outcomes through the application of the discovery learning method. The method used in this study was classroom action research conducted in class VI students at SD Negeri 8 Ronggurnihuta. The subjects in this study were 10 students who were selected by purposive random sampling method. The instruments used are observation sheets of learning activities and learning achievement tests. The results showed that there was an increase in student learning outcomes after improving the learning process in cycle II, with a completeness percentage of 90% which was only 50% previously. Moreover, when viewed from the average value of the class which in cycle I was only 64.0 increased to 82.0 in cycle II.
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN MENULIS PUISI MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MASALAH (PBL) PADA SISWA KELAS IV SD NEGERI 5 AMBON
Authors: Sahetapy Sarah
Published: December 2023

Penelitian  ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan menulis puisi melalui model PBL pada Siswa kelas IV  SD Negeri 5 Ambon. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian tindakan kelas. Subjek penelitian ini adalah guru dan siswa kelas IV SD Negeri 5 Ambon.   Data penelitian berupa data proses dan data produk diperoleh melalui teknik pengamatan, wawancara, dan penugasan. Insrumen yang digunakan adalah pedoman pengamatan, pedoman  wawancara, dan lembar penugasan.  Data yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan teknik analisis data model alir yang meliputi kegiatan reduksi data, pemaparan data, verifikasi, penyimpulan data dan dihitung presentasi ketuntasan hasil belajar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model PBL dapat meningkatkan kemampuan siswa dalam menulis puisi, baik dari segi proses maupuan dari segi produk. Dari segi proses, pembelajaran menulis puisi pada tahap penemuan ide dapat meningkatkan motivasi dan kreaktivitas siswa. Dari segi produk, penerapan model PBL pada tahap penemuan ide dapat meningkatkan kemampuan siswa dalam memahami unsur-unsur dan pola penulisan puisi, menemukan ide yang berasal dari pengamatan, dan mendeskripsikan objek pengamatan sesuai dengan pola puisi yang dipilih.
PENGUNGKAPAN MASALAH SISWA SMP NEGERI 94 MALUKU TENGAH
Authors: Papilaya Jeanete Ophilia , Mahaly Sawal
Published: December 2023

Asesmen bimbingan dan konseling dalam rangka pelaksanaan layanan bimbingan dan konseling dapat menggunakan Analisis Kebutuhan Peserta Didik (AKPD). Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengungkapkan masalah siswa dengan menggunakan AKPD di SMP Negeri 94 Maluku Tengah. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif. Variabel penelitian yaitu variabel tunggal. Sampel yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 64 orang. Adapun teknik pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan total populasi. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan menggunakan Angket Kebutuhan Peserta Didik (AKPD) yang diadaptasi dari Andori. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terungkap masalah peserta didik terbanyak ada pada bidang pribadi sebanyak 101,3%, bidang sosial sebanyak 72,25%, bidang belajar sebanyak 71,32%, dan bidang karir sebanyak 55,4%.
BALKAN SAVAŞLARI SONRASINDA BİR OSMANLI SUBAYININ OSMANLI TOPLUM ELEŞTİRİSİ MİLLET-İ GAYRİ MÜSELLAHA: “KAN YOK, CAN YOK, İNSAN YOK, MUKADDESÂT YOK, HÜLÂSA MEVCUDİYET YOK”
Authors: KAYA Gökhan
Published: December 2023

XX. yüzyılın başlarında Osmanlı İmparatorluğu yaklaşık yarım binyıldır hakimiyeti altında tuttuğu Balkan Yarımadası’nı kaybetti. Balkanların kaybı, özellikle Osmanlı elitlerinde büyük bir travma yarattı. Bu travmanın en belirgin sonuçlarından birisi, Balkan Savaşları’nda alınan yenilginin nedenlerine ve sonuçlarını anlamaya yönelik askeri, idari, siyasi, ekonomik, ahlaki ve toplumsal alanları içeren eleştiri kültürüydü. Çalışmamızın konusu olan Millet-i Gayri Müsellaha adlı risale Balkanların kaybedilmesinin nedenlerini Osmanlı toplumun değişik kesimlerinin imkân, potansiyel ve siyasi bilinç eksikliğinde görür. Diğer bir deyişle Yazar’a göre Balkanların kaybı, Müslüman Türklerin bu eksiklikleri ile Balkan ayrılıkçı milliyetçilerinin planlı ve bilinçli davranışları arasındaki büyük farkın doğal bir sonucudur. Eserin yazarı Makedonya’da Osmanlıdan bağımsızlık kazanmak için faaliyet gösteren çetelerle mücadele etmiş, ardından Balkan Savaşlarında sonrasında I. Dünya Savaşı’nda görev yapmış en nihayetinde Cumhuriyet Dönemi’nde yüksek dereceli askeri görevlerde bulunmuş İsmail Hakkı Akoğuz’dur. Dolayısıyla Yazarın bir mülazım-ı evvel/üsteğmen iken Balkan Savaşları’nın hemen sonrasında yazdığı Risale, Makedonya’da bulunduğu esnada çoğunlukla deneyimlediği kimi zamanda gözlemlediği olgu ve olaylara dayanmaktadır.
Aktuelle Transformationen des Lehrens und Lernens qualitativer Forschung
Authors: Mey Günter , Niermann Debora , Panenka Petra , Weydmann Nicole
Published: December 2023

Auf kursorische Bemerkungen zu den in den letzten 20 Jahren zu beobachtenden Veränderungen der Thematisierung von Lehren und Lernen qualitativer Forschung folgen von allen Diskussionsteilnehmenden zunächst kurze Erfahrungsberichte, um einige Herausforderungen in und mit der Lehre qualitativer Forschung zu pointieren. Im Anschluss werden nicht nur einige Besonderheiten der qualitativen Forschung aufgrund ihrer Essentials (Offenheit, Kommunikativität, Reflexivität) herausgestellt, sondern vor dem Hintergrund der zunehmenden Didaktisierung und Digitalisierung auch Anforderungen einer erfahrungsbasierten Lehre konkretisiert. Darüber hinaus werden auch Ansprüche dahingehend formuliert, in welcher Weise die Methodenausbildung zu reformieren ist, die nicht nur weit über den Ausbau der hochschulischen Strukturen hinausweisen, sondern auch ein grundsätzlich anderes Verständnis der Gestaltung der Lehr-Lern-Arrangements bedeuten.
Zwischen Macht und Ohnmacht
Authors: Morgenbesser Petra
Published: December 2023

Der Kommentar expliziert supervisorische Grundannahmen der Autorin, auf Basis derer Aspekte der Fallschilderung hervorgehoben, gewürdigt und befragt werden. Er stellt Hypothesen zu den geschilderten Blockaden in der Supervision auf, zum Supervisionssetting selbst und zu Dynamiken im Umgang mit Ambivalenzen. Dabei riskiert er das Ausloten von Möglichkeiten und Chancen supervisorischer Praxis.
Systemsprenger
Authors: Steinhardt Kornelia , Tatra Verena
Published: December 2023

Die Autorinnen beschäftigen sich in diesem Kulturspiegel gekonnt mit dem Film Systemsprenger und sprengen damit den Rahmen dieser Rubrik auf willkommene Art und Weise, indem sie nämlich den Bogen zur Supervision spannen und aufzeigen, welche Chancen das Format dem Helfer*innen-System im Film eröffnen könnte. Sie sprechen außerdem von eigenen Erfahrungen im Kontext der Kinderund Jugendhilfe und welche Sprengsätze dieses Feld für Supervision in sich birgt.
Let’s keep in contact!
Authors: Kolb Gerda
Published: December 2023

Die Autorin formuliert die Hypothese, dass eine Angst vor schlechter Nachrede das Verhalten von Mitarbeiter*innen und Leitung prägt und diese Abwehr der Angst hinderlich für ein konstruktives In-Kontakt-Sein miteinander ist. Die Teamsupervision bietet punktuell die Möglichkeit, Unsicherheiten und Drucksituationen zu thematisieren. Der*die Supervisor*in ist jedoch mit Verführungen konfrontiert, die den Kontaktverlust zur Leitung zur Folge haben könnten.
ПЕРЕВАГИ КРИТЕРІАЛЬНОГО ОЦІНЮВАННЯ НАВЧАЛЬНИХ ДОСЯГНЕНЬ СТУДЕНТІВ З ТОЧКИ ЗОРУ ОНОВЛЕННЯ ЗМІСТУ ОСВІТИ
Authors: Лазоренко Людмила
Published: December 2023

Сучасні трансформації суспільства, такі як відкритість, стрімка інформатизація та динамізм, докорінно змінюють вимоги, які постають перед системою освіти. У зв’язку з цим розроблені освітні програми вищої освіти потребують удосконалення, відповідаючи викл
ГОТОВНІСТЬ МАЙБУТНЬОГО ВЧИТЕЛЯ ДО ІННОВАЦІЙНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНІСТІ
Authors: Барабаш Валентина , Пащенко Майя
Published: December 2023

У статті обґрунтовано сутність та зміст готовності майбутнього вчителя до інноваційної діяльності у вищій педагогічній школі. Визначена та охарактеризована готовність майбутнього вчителя до інноваційної діяльності; динаміка інноваційного освітнього процес
Study of the edge-field effect on the properties of plasmon modes in a graphene microribbon
Authors:   Kotelnikov IRE RAS, Saratov Branch  410019, Russia, Saratov, Zelenaya str., 38, Polischuk O.V. , Mashinsky K.V. ,   Kotelnikov IRE RAS, Saratov Branch  410019, Russia, Saratov, Zelenaya str., 38, Popov V.V. ,   Kotelnikov IRE RAS, Saratov Branch  410019, Russia, Saratov, Zelenaya str., 38, Fateev D.V. ,   Kotelnikov IRE RAS, Saratov Branch  410019, Russia, Saratov, Zelenaya str., 38
Published: December 2023

The work devoted to theoretical studies of the excitation of plasmon modes in a graphene microribbon by an incident terahertz electromagnetic wave. The problem is solved in a three-dimensional formulation taking into account edge-field effects at the ends of graphene microribbon by using the integral equation method being developed by the authors. The influence of microribbon length (for constant width of the microribbon) on the properties of the fundamental plasmon mode is studied. Criteria for choosing either simplified two-dimensional or three-dimensional electromagnetic approaches for studying the properties of plasmon modes in graphene microribbons are formulated.
Conhecimento dos acadêmicos de enfermagem sobre prevenção e tratamentos de lesão por pressão
Authors: Iribarrem Ness Mariana , Barcellos Teixeira Andréia , Brandão Chaves Enaura Helena , Campos João Lucas , Cunha Tanscheit Vivian
Published: December 2023

Objetivo: Avaliar o conhecimento dos acadêmicos de enfermagem antes e após capacitação sobre prevenção e tratamento de lesão por pressão. Método: Estudo quase-experimental com pré e pós-teste, realizado com acadêmicos de enfermagem de uma universidade federal, no período de maio a agosto de 2022. A amostra foi intencional, com 66 sujeitos, os quais foram recrutados por e-mail. A intervenção constitui-se de capacitação online e assíncrona. Para avaliar o conhecimento utilizou-se um instrumento construído pela autora baseado no Teste de Conhecimento de Caliri-Pieper, o qual considera conhecimento adequado quando o percentual de acertos é maior do que 90%.  A coleta de dados foi online e os dados foram analisados com estatística descritiva e com Teste T para amostras dependentes e teste não paramétrico de Wilcoxon.  Resultado: A idade média foi de 24,8±3,7 anos, com predominancia do sexo feminino (60; 90,9%) e de indivíduos solteiros (60; 90,9%). O percentual médio de acertos antes da capacitação foi de 68,3± 9,8% e de desconhecimento de 19,3±10,8%. Após a capacitação houve 86,1±7,5% (p<0,001) de acertos e 2,2±4,1% de desconhecimento (p<0,001). Mesmo com o aumento, não houve melhoria no percentual de acertos maior do que 90%. Conclusão: Com a capacitação houve aumento do conhecimento dos acadêmicos, entretanto, este ainda não atingiu o parâmetro de excelência estipulado, demonstrando necessidade de reforço na formação do enfermeiro sobre prevenção e tratamento de lesões por pressão.
Goats who stare at video screens – assessing behavioural responses of goats towards images of familiar and unfamiliar con- and heterospecifics
Authors: Deutsch Jana , Lebing Steve , Eggert Anja , Nawroth Christian
Published: December 2023

Many cognitive paradigms rely on active decision-making, creating participation biases (e.g. subjects may lack motivation to participate in the training) and once-learned contingencies may bias the outcomes of subsequent similar tests. We here present a looking time approach to study goat perception and cognition, without the need to extensively train animals and no reliance on learned contingencies. In our looking time paradigm, we assessed the attention of 10 female dwarf goats (Capra hircus) towards 2D visual stimuli which were images of familiar and unfamiliar con- and heterospecifics (i.e. goats and humans) using an experimental apparatus containing two video screens. Spontaneous behavioural reactions to the presented stimuli, including the looking behaviour and the time spent with the ears in different positions were analysed using linear mixed-effects models. We found that goats looked longer at the video screen presenting a stimulus compared to the screen that remained white. Goats looked longer at images depicting other goats compared to humans, while their looking behaviour did not significantly differ when being confronted with familiar vs. unfamiliar individuals. We did not find statistical support for an association between the ear positions and the presented stimuli. Our findings indicate that goats are capable of discriminating between two-dimensional con- and heterospecific faces, but also raise questions on their ability to categorise other individuals regarding their familiarity using 2D face images alone. Our subjects might either lack this ability or might be unable to spontaneously recognise the provided 2D images as representations of real-life subjects. Alternatively, subjects might have shown an equal amount of motivation to pay close attention to both familiar and unfamiliar faces masking potential effects. The looking time paradigm developed in this study appears to be a promising approach to investigate a variety of other research questions linked to how domestic ungulate species perceive their physical and social environment.
Technological Advancements in Pricing: A Case Study on Electronic Shelf Labels
Authors: Noman Mustafa , Thomson Robert , Anderson Julia
Published: December 2023

Technological Advancements in Pricing: A Case Study on Electronic Shelf Labels
Modelling and Simulation of Field-Oriented Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor
Authors: Tripathi Hari , Marahatta Kushal , Gupta Bikash Kumar , Yadav Nabin Kumar , Shrestha Suraj
Published: December 2023

A permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor is an electric motor driven by permanent magnets, finding widespread use in industrial and robotic applications due to their high efficiency, low inertia and high torque to volume ratio. Various control techniques have been implemented to make drive systems control more precise and efficient. This paper presents a Field Oriented Control (FOC) as a novel method to effectively control motor torque and speed. The primary objective of this research is to develop a detailed model of FOC-PMSM and simulate its dynamic behaviour under various operating conditions. The system is simulated in MATLAB/Simulink to check the validity, reasonability and expected outcomes. Simulation results show that the designed control system can track speed and current references with minimum error. PMSM depicts better dynamic performances with FOC implementation.
Drama-Based Pedagogy: Ways of Engaging in Mathematics Learning
Authors: Lamihhane Basanta Raj , Dahal Niroj , Pant Binod Prasad
Published: December 2023

Mathematics education program always falls under public criticism because of being unable to produce desirable outcomes. From the beginning of formal mathematics education programs in Nepal, mathematics teaching-learning activities have been dominated by the informing and pouring pedagogy for preparing final examinations. Mathematics curricula, contents and pedagogical activities have not bridged the gap between official (formal) mathematics and the learners' lifeworld practices that support creating the mathematical 'Othering'. Likewise, mathematics education programs become unclaimed entity at the crossroads in which no one is willing to take sole responsibility and ownership of the programs but orienting to blame others. Such a blaming culture restrains engaged teaching-learning activities. Against this backdrop, this argumentative paper argues for incorporating the DBP in the mathematics classroom to create an engaged teaching-learning environment. We have metaphorically captured the five significant theoretical features of DBP as/for contextual learning, academic enhancement, reflective practice, agentic development and social wellbeing. Finally, we have briefly described the implications of DBP in mathematics classrooms.
Impact of music therapy on people's mental, physical and social wellbeing
Authors: Verma Manoj
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of music therapy on human beings and to highlight that music therapy has the potential to improve mental, physical, and social well-being.  Music has been a part of every culture throughout the world since ancient times, making it possible for all kinds of emotions to be expressed in a way that has a profound and significant impact on both the singer and the listener's hearts. Music not only affects our nervous system and gives us a feeling of joy, but it may also be used to diagnose a wide range of medical conditions, both mental and physical. Because of the healing quality of music, the concept of 'Music Therapy' came into vogue and successfully, extensively used in numerous hospitals and medical facilities to treat a wide range of mental, physical illnesses and encourage a person's overall development in a variety of social contexts. Their effects can be seen in the form of improvement in the mental and physical condition of the person and social upliftment.
Effects of climate change on dairy farming in mountain economy: Micro-level perspectives from the milk producers of Sikkim
Authors: Kharel Narendra , Choubey Manesh
Published: December 2023

India has a long history of dairy farming. Agriculture and animal husbandry are inextricably linked in India, where the majority of the population lives in rural areas. Animals rely on crops for food and shelter, while farmers benefit from livestock through manure, draught power, and milk. The production of milk has developed from a rural pastime into a modern industrial enterprise. The tiny Himalayan state of Sikkim is no exception. The majority of the population relies on dairy farming despite the difficult topography. It helps raise both food quality and income levels for families. The impacts of global warming on mountain dairy farms are the focus of this research. Random Sample method has been applied to collect 360 samples from selected villages in Sikkim, the findings have been evaluated with a 3-point scale method to list the major constraints/effects impacting the climate change in mountain region. The untimely rainfall and change in spring shed water flows was ranked as first among the various other factors. It is quite an evident impact which has been experienced lately by local farmers and public in general. However, cyclone was seen to have the least impact of climate change in dairy farming in mountain region, it was ranked last in the study. Numerous factors threaten the livelihood of mountain communities who rely on dairy production. To lessen these effects, dairy farms in the mountains will need to adopt new practices and greener methods. Primary data both qualitative and quantitative were utilized. The findings are presented with supporting tables and figures. A review of related articles was conducted to gain a deeper familiarity with the issue.
Administrative liability of juveniles for smoking
Authors: Dmytrenko Oleksander
Published: December 2023

The research relevance is determined by the prevalence of smoking among minors, as well as by the insufficient effectiveness of administrative liability measures taken against minors if they have committed an administrative offence – smoking in prohibited places. The research aims to determine the theoretical and legal features of administrative liability and to analyse the measures taken against juvenile offenders. The research aim was achieved by a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of Ukrainian and foreign scientific sources and provisions of current legislation. The author examines the peculiarities of administrative liability of minors for smoking. It is established that, according to the current Ukrainian legislation, administrative liability of minors for smoking may be imposed on persons aged 16-18 years, and the main measure is an administrative penalty (fine) paid by parents. The author provides arguments in favour of lowering the age limit for administrative liability of minors to 13-15 years. The author substantiates the expediency of educational influence on minors through pedagogical and social training aimed at solving the problem of tobacco use among minors. It is noted that such measures will be preventive in nature and will help to reduce the number of cases when minors smoke in prohibited places and will also contribute to solving the problem of smoking among minors in general. It is emphasised that the issue raised in this paper is not only legal but also pedagogical, social, and medical in nature. The practical significance of the results obtained is that they identify gaps in Ukrainian legislation and provide recommendations for improving approaches to the administrative liability of minors for smoking and addressing the problem of smoking among minors
PERAN KEPALA DESA DALAM PEMBANGUNAN INFRASTURKTUR DI DESA ARANIO KECAMATAN ARANIO KABUPATEN BANJAR
Authors: Widiati Widiati
Published: December 2023

Berdasarkan pembahasan diatas bahwa peran kepala desa dalam pembangunan infrastiktur desa aranio kecamatan aranio kabupaten banjar sudah menjalankan peran dengan optimal, berikut penulis simpilkan :kepala desa dalam aspek perencanaan pembangunan sudah melibatkan semua unsur masyarakat baik itu dari masyarakat, aparat kepolisian, aparat TNI serta tokoh adat, dan tokoh agama yang dilaksanakan di balai desa dengan melakukan Musyawarah Perencanaan Pembangunan (Musrenbang).Untuk aspek memberikan pengarahan, kepala desa telah memberikan arahan kepada aparat desa untuk mensukseskan semua program pembangunan supaya tujuan pembangunan terlaksana dengan cepat dan tepat, mengajak masyarakat untuk berkerjasama atau berpartisipasi (berupa pemikiran, tenaga, atau lainnya) dalam pembangunan infrastuktur, sebelum itu telihat bahwa kepala desa mengarahkan aparat desa dalam memberikan masukan guna menyelaraskan antara pemerintah desa dan masyarakat dalam kegiatan yang akan dilaksanakan.Dan untuk aspek pengambilan keputusan, kepala desa juga memberikan kesempatan kepada masyarakat dalam pengambilan keputusan yang dimana dilakukan pada setiap rapat musyawarah, berupa ide, pemikiran serta masukan dan saran yang di berikan oleh masyarakat desa aranio, meskipun tidak semua kritik dan saran diterima/dilaksanakan oleh kepala desa, mengingat banyaknya kritikan dan saran maka dari itu pemerintah desa memilih kritik/saran mengenai pembangunan yang sedang berlangsung saja.Sedangkan untuk aspek koordinir dan pengawasan, pada peran ini kepala desa berkoordinasi dengan BPD Aranio sebagai mitra kerja dan dengan LPM (Lembaga Pemberdayaan Masyarakat), dan selain itu kepala desa telah melakukan pengawasan secara langsung dan tidak langsung dan melakukan pengecekan kondisi lahan secara berkala  hal ini bertujuan untuk memastikan kondisi yang akan dibangun sudah siap atau belum untuk dilaksanakan, selain itu kepala desa juga memastikan kualitas material yang digunakan untuk pembangunan infrastruktur desa menggunakan bahan yang standart bertahan cukup lama.
Особливості системного підходу до психотерапії, психопрофілактики та корекції тютюнокуріння і тютюнової залежності в осіб молодого віку
Authors: Ritkis I. S.
Published: December 2023

Тютюнова залежність є однією з найбільш важливих проблем сучасного суспільства. За даними вітчизняних і зарубіжних дослідників, частота відновлення куріння в процесі терапії досягає 30–40 %; в перші 3 міс після закінчення лікування – від 50 до 60 %; після 6 міс не курять 18 %; через рік кількість рецидивів спостерігається у 87 % осіб, яких лікували від тютюнової залежності [1, 6]. Тому важливою практичною проблемою, яку необхідно вирішити сімейним лікарям, а також наркологам і психотерапевтам, надання допомоги курцям у подоланні нікотинової залежності.
Geo-Strategic Significance of Wakhan Corridor for Pakistan
Authors: Hassan Tehzeeb Ul , Khan Ayesha , Ismail Muhammad
Published: December 2023

The Wakhan Corridor, a tiny strip of land in Afghanistan's northeastern area, is vital to Pakistan's geostrategic and economic interests. This research investigates the corridor's numerous dimensions and their consequences for Pakistan's interests. The Wakhan Corridor offers Pakistan a critical geostrategic buffer zone between itself and Central Asia. Because of its location, Pakistan can efficiently handle its border with Afghanistan while still maintaining strategic depth in the region. The corridor acts as a physical barrier, preventing conflicts and instability from spreading into Pakistan's territory. Furthermore, it provides Pakistan with a potential gateway to Central Asian markets, improving connectivity and trade opportunities in the region. The Wakhan Corridor plays a vital role in regional stability and cooperation. Economically, the Wakhan Corridor has enormous potential for Pakistan's energy and trade sectors. The region is thought to be rich in natural resources, such as hydrocarbon deposits, minerals, and precious stones.
FOOD COMPOSITION AND HALAL AWARENESS AGAINST INTENTION TO BUY FAST FOOD WITH HALAL CERTIFICATE AS AN INTERVENING VARIABLE
Authors: Nasfi Nasfi , Sabri Sabri , Puteri Hesi Eka
Published: December 2023

The aim of the research is to analyze the effect of food composition and halal awareness on the intention to buy fast food with halal certificates as an intervening variable, research in the city of Bukittinggi, the research object of the millennial generation who likes to consume fast food. The population of the Millennial generation aged 15-39 years is 57,099. Non-probability sampling technique, purposive sampling method. The sampling method is the Hair et.al method, the research indicators are 11, the sample is set at 110. The data is processed using the Smart PLS Software. The results of the study found that food composition and halal awareness had a positive and significant effect on the millennial generation's purchase intention of fast food. Halal awareness has no positive and significant effect on purchase intention. The results of the study also found that food composition did not have an indirect effect on the intention to buy fast food in the millennial generation with halal certificates as an intervening variable. Halal awareness does not have an indirect effect on the intention to buy fast food in the millennial generation with halal certificates as an intervening variable.
CONSTRUCTIVE-SYNTHESIZING MODELING OF NATURAL LANGUAGE TEXTS
Authors: Shynkarenko Viktor , Demidovich Inna
Published: December 2023

Means for solving the problem of establishing the natural language texts authorship were developed. Theoretical tools consist of a constructors set was developed on the basis of structural and production modeling. These constructors are presented in this work. Some results of experimental studies based on this approach have been published in previous works by the author, the main results should be published in the next ones.

Constructors developed: converter of natural language text into tagged, tagged text into a formal stochastic grammar and the authors style similarity degree establishment of two natural language works based on the coincidence of the corresponding stochastic grammars (their substitution rules).

The proposed approach makes it possible to highlight the semantic features of the author's phrases construction, which is a characteristic of his speech. Working with a sentence as a unit of text to analyze its construction will allow you to more accurately determine the author's style in terms of the use of words, their sequences and characteristic language constructions. Allows not to be attached to specific parts of speech, but reveals the general logic of building phrases.
Data sharing in academic publications: The case of education journals
Authors: Dadon-Golan Zehorit , Ziderman Adrian
Published: December 2023

While there is a rich literature reporting the prevalence of data sharing in many academic disciplines, and particularly STEM-related ones, the extent of data sharing in journals in Social Science fields has been subject to only little empirical enquiry, hitherto. Focusing on a particular Social Science discipline, Education, this research examines empirically two related issues associated with data sharing in Education. First, journal data sharing policies were scrutinized via a search of the websites of 47 randomly selected Education journals. Over half of the journals in the representative sample had issued statements on websites encouraging authors to make the data underlying published research, generally available to the academic community, though only a handful of journals make such sharing mandatory. Thus, while the importance of data sharing is well recognized by journals in the Education field, a sizeable minority seems not to have taken a stand on this issue. The second issue related to the efficacy of the positive stance taken by journals, in eliciting the desired response from authors, leading to the sharing of their data. This was probed in a limited, mainly qualitative, survey of the authors of papers published in journals that encouraged data sharing through their websites. It was found that not a single author had made data available – indeed, some authors were even unaware of the journal’s policy on this matter. Thus, journals’ well-intentioned procedures to encourage greater data sharing are seen to be markedly ineffective. Two main sets of reasons were offered to justify author reticence to data share: either authors did not regard it as being in their interest or data sharing was seen to be inappropriate or not possible for the data set in question. However, these fears relating to engaging in data sharing may not necessarily present insurmountable barriers to its wider adoption, as measures are available to circumvent, at least partially, or to meliorate their effect.
Understanding financial distress by using Markov random fields on linked administrative data
Authors: Fonville Floris , Heijden Peter G.M. van der , Siebes Arno P.J.M. , Oberski Daniel L.
Published: December 2023

Household financial distress is a complicated problem. Several social problems have been identified as potential risk factors. Conversely, financial distress has also been identified as a risk factor for some of those social problems. Graphical models can be used to better understand the co-dependencies between these problems. In this approach, problem variables are network nodes and the relations between them are represented by weighted edges. Linked administrative data on social service usage by 6,848 households from neighbourhoods with a high proportion of social housing were used to estimate a pairwise Markov random field with binary variables. The main challenges in graph estimation from data are (a) determining which nodes are directly connected by edges and (b) assigning weights to those edges. The eLasso method used in psychological networks addresses both these challenges. In the resulting graph financial distress occupies a central position that connects to both youth related problems as well as adult social problems. The graph approach contributes to a better theoretical understanding of financial distress and it offers valuable insights to social policy makers.
Data science skills for the next generation of statisticians
Authors: Antonucci Laura , Balzanella Antonio , Bruno Elvira , Crocetta Crocetta , Zio Simone Di , Fontanella Lara , Sanarico Maurizio , Scarpa Bruno , Verde Rosanna , Vittadini Giorgio
Published: December 2023

This paper analyses the future prospects of statistics as a profession and how data science will change it. Indeed, according to Hadley Wickham, Chief Scientist at Rstudio, “a data scientist is a useful statistician”, establishing a strong connection between data science and applied statistics. In this direction, the aim is to look to the future by proposing a structural approach to future scenarios. Some possible definitions of data science are then discussed, considering the relationship with statistics as a scientific discipline. The focus then turns to an assessment of the skills required by the labor market for data scientists and the specific characteristics of this profession. Finally, the phases of a data science project are considered, outlining how these can be exploited by a statistician.
To count or to estimate: A note on compiling population estimates from administrative data
Authors: Dunne John , Kay Francesca , Linehan Timothy
Published: December 2023

Like many countries, Ireland has been researching new systems of population estimates compiled using administrative data. Ireland does not have a Central Population Register from which the estimates can be compiled. The primary step in compiling population estimates from administrative data is to first build a Statistical Population Dataset (SPD). Ideally an SPD will have one record for each person in the population containing the relevant attributes. The ideal SPD then allows compilation of statistics by simply counting over records. In practice, the compilation of SPDs is prone to error. These errors can be classified into 4 types of error; overcoverage, undercoverage, domain misclassification and linkage error. Ireland, to date, has investigated 2 different approaches to the compilation of population estimates from administrative data. The first, labeled in this paper as the simple count method, is based on building an SPD which minimises the overall number of individual record errors such that simple counts from the SPD will provide population estimates. The second, labeled in this paper as the estimation method, is based on building an SPD which aims to eliminate all error types bar that of undercoverage and then adjusts counts for undercoverage using Dual System Estimation (DSE) methods to obtain population estimates. This paper explores the advantages and disadvantages of both methods before considering how they could be integrated to eliminate the disadvantages. Many NSIs will be considering similar challenges when compiling annual Census like population estimates and this paper aims to contribute to that discussion.
Hard-to-reach population groups in administrative sources: main challenges and future work
Authors: Zindato Donatella , Truszczynski Maciej
Published: December 2023

The paper deals with the concept and the definitions of hard-to-reach groups and the ways of capturing them in administrative sources, providing a detailed discussion of the meaning of hard-to-reach in the context of administrative sources and in relation to the traditional hard-to-count groups in censuses and surveys. The review of country practices shows that hard-to-reach populations in administrative data can be interpreted in different ways and that their definition is dependent on countries’ circumstances, though there are two main reasons for identifying a group as hard-to-reach in administrative sources. One of the interpretations is selecting some groups, typically considered difficult to reach with traditional survey methods (such as homeless, illegal immigrants or indigenous people) and then trying to capture them in registers to overcome the challenges of traditional field collection or to get more complete information. At first glance, administrative data might offer the potential to improve frame coverage for some target populations, but may also lead to other hard-to-reach or “hidden” populations for different population groups. Indeed, another interpretation refers to the incompleteness of registers or linked administrative databases, which makes some groups, such as children or elders, hard-to-reach and hence describe with data, due to time lag in reporting of some events or to other accuracy problems with the source itself. The paper summarizes the experience of national statistical offices in accessing hard-to-reach groups and describes problems and challenges in capturing them. It also proposes further possible work to improve access to hard-to-reach groups using administrative data.
Effect of hydration therapy and nursing intervention on preventing contrast-induced nephropathy after interventional treatment of lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans
Authors: Chen Jiaqi , Zhang Xiaohong , Wu Wenjing , Yuan Youyuan , Xue Wupemg , Cao Wendong , Du Rongxin
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND: Endoluminal interventions have become one of the main options for the treatment of arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO). OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of hydration therapy and nursing intervention on the prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) after interventional treatment of lower extremity ASO. METHODS: A convenience sampling method was used to select 94 patients who received ASO treatment in our hospital from March 2019 to May 2021 as the study subjects. All patients underwent endovascular interventional therapy and were randomly divided into two groups by the random number table method, with odd numbers entering the observation group (n= 47) and even numbers entering the control group (n= 47). The control group received routine nursing intervention, while the observation group underwent hydration therapy and had a corresponding nursing intervention scheme. The clinical efficacy of the two groups and the incidence of contrast-induced nephropathy after interventional therapy were compared, and an evaluation of satisfaction within the two groups was performed via a questionnaire. RESULTS: The total effective rate of patients in the observation group was higher after hydration treatment (97.87% vs 87.23%, p< 0.05). The blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and β2 microglobulin levels in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group after the intervention (p< 0.05). Patients in the observation group had higher nursing satisfaction after using preventive measures of hydration therapy combined with nursing interventions (100% vs 89.36%, p< 0.05). CONCLUSION: Hydration therapy and nursing intervention can effectively prevent CIN after interventional treatment of lower extremity ASO. After interventional therapy, patients had better clinical outcomes, lower biochemical indexes and improved satisfaction evaluations. The therapy is worthy of clinical promotion and application.
Identification of driving genes of familial adenomatous polyposis by differential gene expression analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis
Authors: Lin Wan-Rong , Liu Wei-Qing , Meng Xuan-Yu , Liu Xiao-Ting , Kou Zhi-Yong , Li Wen-Liang , Yang Jun
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND: Despite the advancement of new screening strategies and the advances in pharmacological therapies, the cancerization rates of familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) are stable and even increased in the last years. Therefore, it necessitates additional research to characterize and understand the underlying mechanisms of FAP. OBJECTIVE: To determine the genes that drive the pathogenesis of familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). METHODS: We performed on a cohort (GSE111156) gene profile, which consist of four group of gene expressions (the gene expressions of cancer, adenoma and normal tissue of duodenal cancer from patients with FAP were defined as Case N, Case A and Case C respectively, while that of adenoma tissue from patients with FAP who did not have duodenal cancer was Ctrl A). Tracking Tumor Immunophenotype (TIP) website was applied to reveal immune infiltration profile and signature genes of FAP. We merged the genes of key module (pink and midnight module) with signature genes to obtained the biomarkers related with FAP pathogenesis. The expression of these five biomarkers in FAP intratumoral region (IT) and tumor rim (TR) was detected with Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR). RESULTS: In total, 220, 23 and 63 DEGs were determined in Cases C, A and N, in comparison to Ctrl A. In total, 196 and 10 DEGs were determined in Cases C and A, separately, as compared to Case N. A total of four biomarkers including CCL5, CD3G, CD2 and TLR3 were finally identified associated with pink module, while only one biomarker (KLF2) associated with midnight module was identified. All biomarkers were evidently raised in FAP IT tissues utilizing qRT-PCR. CONCLUSION: We identified five potential biomarkers for pathogenesis of FAP to understand the fundamental mechanisms of FAP progression and revealed some probable targets for the diagnosis or treatment of FAP.
Clinical value of cognitive behavioral nursing model to patients with congenital glaucoma
Authors: Hu Huijun , Ma Yanfang , Cheng Aiai , Zhang Zengqiang
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND: There have been studies on the use of cognitive behavioral nursing intervention (CBNI) but the main subjects were patients with secondary glaucoma and there are fewer studies on the care of congenital glaucoma. OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical value of cognitive behavioral nursing model in patients with congenital glaucoma. METHODS: One hundred and fifty-three postoperative patients with congenital glaucoma treated in our hospital between January 2021 and December 2022 were prospectively selected for the study and randomly divided into a control group (n= 77) and an observation group (n= 76). The control group was given routine nursing, and the observation group was given cognitive behavioral nursing mode on the basis of the control group. Anxiety self-assessment scale (SAS), depression self-assessment scale (SDS), Connor-Davidson toughness scale, and treatment adherence evaluation scale were used to evaluate the psychological state, mental toughness, treatment adherence, treatment effect and nursing care satisfaction in the two groups before and after 2 weeks of intervention. The efficacy of the treatment was also assessed by determining the visual acuity (VA), intraocular pressure (IOP), and mean defective (MD) value of the visual field of the two groups of patients. RESULTS: After nursing, the SDS score (46.33 ± 6.16 versus 53.21 ± 5.94) and SAS score (44.41 ± 5.6 versus 52.82 ± 6.31) in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P< 0.05). The scores of optimism (11.55 ± 1.90 versus 8.20 ± 1.95), self-improvement (22.05 ± 3.60 versus 17.60 ± 4.30), tenacity (37.45 ± 3.10 versus 28.90 ± 4.55) and total score (71.35 ± 8.00 versus 56.85 ± 8.50) in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P< 0.05). After care, the VA of the observation group (0.95 ± 0.22) was greater than that of the control group (0.84 ± 0.16), and the IOP (14.25 ± 0.58 versus 15.89 ± 0.67) and the MD (5.42 ± 0.46 versus 6.68 ± 0.49) of the observation group were less than that of the control group. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P< 0.05). The compliance (96.05% versus 85.71%) and nursing satisfaction (96.10% versus 85.71%) of the observation group were higher than those of the control group (P< 0.05). CONCLUSION: Cognitive-behavioural nursing care for glaucoma patients can improve patients’ mental toughness, improve visual acuity, reduce intraocular pressure and mean visual field defect values, and have a positive effect on enhancing patients’ treatment adherence and nursing satisfaction.