bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Osmanlı Elçileri Gözü ile Avrupa
Authors: Al Arzu , Charyyev Yazmyrat
Published: September 2024

Kitabın yazarı olan Prof. Dr. Hasan Korkut, 1967 yılında Erzurum'da doğmuştur. Lisans öğrenimini 1991 yılında Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Fen ve Edebiyat Fakültesi-Tarih bölümünde tamamlayıp, yüksek lisans öğrenimini de Marmara Üniversitesi Ortadoğu Araştırmaları Enstitüsü Siyasi Tarih ve Uluslararası İlişkiler Anabilim Dalı’nda, “İngilizlerin Mısır'ı İşgali (1882) isimli teziyle 1996 yılında tamamlamıştır. Aynı üniversitede “Osmanlı Elçileri Gözü ile Avrupa (1719-1807)” isimli tez çalışması ile de doktorasını bitirmiştir. 1993-2001 yılları arasında Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi Tarih Bölümü öğretim görevlisi, 2004-2013 yılları arasında Uşak Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Kamu Yönetimi Bölümü Yrd. Doç. Dr. unvanı, 2008-2017 yılları arasında International University of Sarajevo Faculty of Business and Administration International Relations Yrd. Doç. Dr. ve Doç. Dr. unvanı, 2018-2020 yılları arasında da Marmara Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesi Uluslararası İlişkiler Bölümü Doç. Dr. unvanı ile görev yapmıştır. 2020 yılından itibaren de Marmara Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesi Uluslararası İlişkiler Bölümü Prof. Dr. unvanı ile görev yapmakla birlikte; aynı zamanda Marmara Üniversitesi Rektör Yardımcısı unvanı ile de görevine devam etmektedir.
Eleştirilmek üzere tercih edilen “Osmanlı Elçileri Gözü ile Avrupa” isimli bu kitap 2007 yılında, İstanbul’da, Gökkübbe Yayınları tarafından, yazım dili Türkçe olacak şekilde 254 sayfa olarak basılmıştır. Bakıldığında temelde Osmanlı sefirlerinin Avrupa’yı nasıl algıladıklarını ve Avrupa'daki hızlı değişim ve modernleşme sürecinde nelere dikkat çektiklerini incelemekte olup; araştırmalar, sefaretnameler yoluyla aktarılan bilgilerin Osmanlı Devleti'ndeki reform teşebbüslerine katkıda bulunduğunu belirtiyor olması bakımından önem arz etmektedir. Bununla birlikte çalışmada sosyal ve kültürel hayattaki farklılıklar ile kurumsal ve teknolojik gelişmeler, sefirlerin dikkatini çeken iki ana konu olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Bakıldığında bu çalışma, Avrupa ve Osmanlı Devleti arasındaki ilişkilerin tarihi açısından önemini taşımakla birlikte Osmanlı Devleti'ndeki modernleşme sürecine de ışık tutmaktadır.
miR‐495 promotes intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis through downregulation of Sphingosine‐1‐phosphate
Authors: Li Ruiyun , Cairns Cassandra , Yu Ting‐Xi , Jaladanki Rao , Dodson Claire M. , Chung Hee Kyoung , Xiao Lan , Wang Jian‐Ying , Turner Douglas J.
Published: September 2024

Many pathological conditions lead to defects in intestinal epithelial integrity and loss of barrier function; Sphingosine‐1‐phosphate (S1P) has been shown to augment intestinal barrier integrity, though the exact mechanisms are not completely understood. We have previously shown that overexpression of Sphingosine Kinase 1 (SphK1), the rate limiting enzyme for S1P synthesis, significantly increased S1P production and cell proliferation. Here we show that microRNA 495 (miR‐495) upregulation led to decreased levels of SphK1 resultant from a direct effect at the SphK1 mRNA. Increasing expression of miR‐495 in intestinal epithelial cells resulted in decreased proliferation and increased susceptibility to apoptosis. Transgenic expression of miR‐495 inhibited mucosal growth, as well as decreased proliferation in the crypts. The intestinal villi also expressed decreased levels of barrier proteins and exaggerated damage upon exposure to cecal ligation‐puncture. These results implicate miR‐495 as a critical negative regulator of intestinal epithelial protection and proliferation through direct regulation of SphK1, the rate limiting enzyme critical for production of S1P.
Spatially-constrained Keypoint Matching for Efficient Statistical Shape Modelling
Authors: Harkämper Lena , Großbröhmer Christoph , Himstedt Marian
Published: September 2024

Statistical shape models (SSMs) allow the compact description of the variability of object shapes within a given sample set. They are commonly used in medical imaging to model and analyse the shape of anatomical structures such as organs. The generation of a SSM mainly consists of the calculation of the average shape and the main directions of variation of the data set. Usually, structured point clouds are used as shape representations. A crucial step in the calculation of the average shape of the data set represents the transformation of the objects into a common reference space in order to average coordinates of corresponding points. When using unstructured point clouds without explicitly defined landmarks, the matching of correspondences remains a challenge. We propose a novel solution for a spatially-constrained keypoint matching (FPFH++). It is based on a first attempt of a feature-based registration using Fast Point Feature Histograms (FPFH) compared to a baseline approach utilizing Coherent Point Drift (CPD).
Feasibility and accuracy of CARLO© guided extradural anterior clinoidectomy
Authors: Tu Ha Thanh , Schicker Martina , Luder Yann , Morawska Marta , Cordier Dominik , Röthlisberger Michel
Published: September 2024

Anterior clinoidectomy is a surgical procedure used to access the central skull base, providing access to sellar and parasellar pathologies and vascular lesions in and around the cavernous sinus. However, the procedure is challenging and risky due to limited working space, restricted surgical view, and proximity to critical anatomical structures such as the carotid artery, oculomotor nerve, and optic nerve.
6G in Clinical Applications: Integrating New Network Approaches in Healthcare
Authors: Kolb Sven , Jurosch Franziska , Kröger Nicolai , Mehmeti Fidan , Bernhard Lukas , Fuchtmann Jonas , Speidel Stefanie , Kellerer Wolfgang , Wilhelm Dirk
Published: September 2024

The increase in staff shortage, particularly in urgently needed care professions, is becoming an immense problem in the German healthcare system. This critical issue is further intensified by the fact that the healthcare system is still a strongly human-dependent and often insufficiently interconnected environment. Automation, medical robotics and the concept of model-based medicine can play a key role not only in addressing these issues and supporting clinical staff, but also in enabling new applications to improve patient care. While many existing approaches aim to tackle these challenges, they are generally based on current network architectures and standards and are thus constrained by the limitations of these networks. This article highlights the need for a new network approach such as 6G, which offers flexible, dynamic structures, new communication classes and many other new features in order to leverage the true potential of these new technologies.
Speech Recognition for the Sterile Interaction with Information Systems in the Surgical Area
Authors: Schrüfer Katrin V. , Noortwijck Pascal , Junger Denise , Burgert Oliver
Published: September 2024

This paper describes how automatic speech recognition (ASR) can be used to explore electronic patient records (EPR) in a sterile environment. As an information display, we used a system that was developed for the presentation of patient data and for supporting surgical hand disinfection. The speech recognition was performed using the Mozilla Web Speech API. A room microphone, a Jabra Box, and a directional microphone, a RØDE NT-USB Mini, were tested at various positions. Interactions with the EPR are triggered with a list of commands. The interaction was working as indented and test persons reported the system as intuitive.
Robot-assisted Neuroendoscopy: Surgeon’s Third Hand – a Proof of Concept Study
Authors: Karnam Murali , Rychen Jonathan , Guzman Raphael , Cattin Philippe C. , Rauter Georg , Gerig Nicolas
Published: September 2024

In neuroendoscopy, an assistant surgeon holds the endoscope while the operating surgeon performs brain surgery using surgical instruments in both hands. The assistant surgeon’s task can be strenuous over time, especially in long surgeries, and unsteadiness or tremor might affect the visualization quality that the operating surgeon depends upon. Existing mechanical and pneumatic arms offer limited flexibility. We propose a robotic assistant as a third hand to the surgeon. It holds the endoscope and can be moved freely or held in place. As a proof of concept, we attached a neuroendoscope to an offthe- shelf robot with a custom handle, including a force/torque (F/T) sensor. We qualitatively identified the requirements for the third hand with a surgeon as a participant. We also quantitatively identified the range of forces applied by the endoscope to act as a retractor on two brain phantoms while visualizing the surgical site. With our proof of concept study, we could show the feasibility of robotic assistance in neuroendoscopy. Based on our observations, we found that an intuitive input device to switch the different robot modes, a second F/T sensor to measure the surgeon’s input and tissue interaction separately, and a differently shaped precision grip handle represent promising improvements to our third hand prototype.
Feasibility and accuracy of CARLO© guided optic canal unroofing
Authors: Schicker Martina , Tu Ha Thanh , Luder Yann , Morawska Marta , Röthlisberger Michel
Published: September 2024

The surgical procedure known as optic nerve unroofing plays a vital role in skull base surgery. This critical intervention focuses on relieving pressure and decompressing the optic nerve to safeguard vision, restore optimal nerve function, and enhance the surgical view during aneurysm therapy. Nevertheless, the surgical procedure presents inherent challenges and risks due to factors like limited working space, restricted surgical view, and the proximity to critical anatomical structures, including the optic nerve, carotid artery and oculomotor nerve. Significant advancements in medical robotics technology hold promise for addressing these challenges and potentially enhancing multiple aspects of neurosurgery. The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and precision of utilizing CARLO© (Cold Ablation Roboterguided Laser Osteotome) for delineating the boundaries of the optical canal. Additionally, the investigation involved the insertion of a thermal probe into the optical canal to assess the occurrence of significant heat damage resulting from the removal of the optic roof. Success was defined as the accurate excavation of the optical canal, which was confirmed through post-experimental CT scans and photographic documentation. The experiment utilized five fresh frozen skulls, securely fixed in a Mayfield clamp to ensure a stable experimental setup. Prior to the procedure, preoperative planning was conducted using NeuroPlan©, which accurately segmented crucial anatomical structures and devised trajectories with a safety margin of 2mm from high-risk areas. A navigation system and additional referencing screws were employed to achieve precise bone ablation. The target structure was accessed through a pterional craniotomy and the optical canal was prepared extradurally. While data evaluation is ongoing, preliminary results indicate a successful delineation of the optical roof without significant heat damage while preserving vital anatomical structures. These initial findings have the potential to stimulate further investigation into the applications of robotic and laser technologies in the realm of neurosurgery. The study emphasizes the feasibility and exceptional precision of robotic technology, which can be utilized to advance the development of additional procedures to improve patient outcomes and reduce perioperative risks in neurosurgical interventions.
Radial–axial runner blade design using the coordinate slice technique
Authors: Koudelka Libor
Published: September 2024

There is a lack of information about the geometric description of radial–axial runner blades. The article aims to fill this gap using a method that exploits modern differential geometry for the description and shape modification of the runner blade. Three-dimensional Euclidean space with a curvilinear coordinate system serves as a basic manifold object, and the technique of coordinate slice gives the blade camber surface a submanifold. The camber surface definition given in the article is suitable for interactive design and optimization of the shape in a computer program optimization loop. Geometric entities and maps can be viewed as objects and methods of a computer object-oriented in-house program. The Francis runner blade serves as an example. Complete blade design contains the camber surface wrapped up with an airfoil surface, but this is not dealt with here. Basic knowledge of differential geometry and spline theory is expected.
The use of the narrative final vowel -á by the Lingala-speaking youth of Kinshasa: from anterior to near/recent past
Authors: Motingea Mangulu André
Published: September 2024

The aim of this paper is to try to understand why young people in Kinshasa prefer the construction with a subject marker, the verbal base, and the suffix -á (SM-VB-á) to the recent past. After looking at the narrative tense in some local languages, we first look at how this SM-VB-á tense is described for Standard Lingala, before examining its use in the Lingala youth language of Kinshasa. Finally, we investigate whether there are any manipulations at the morphosyntactic level. Without excluding the possibility of a natural shift or substrate interference, it can be postulated that a probable source of this is the French simple past with the suffix -a. The same scenario has been demonstrated with -é in the infinitive and in the perfect/recent tense with all verbs borrowed from French.
Analysis of a generalized proportional fractional stochastic differential equation incorporating Carathéodory's approximation and applications
Authors: Sultana Sobia
Published: September 2024

Fractional stochastic differential equations (FSDEs) with fractional derivatives describe the anomalous diffusion processes by incorporating the memory effects and spatial heterogeneities of the porous medium. The stochastic component addresses the random nature of the fluid flow due to the variability in pore sizes and connectivity. The first objective of this research is to prove the well-posedness of a class of generalized proportional FSDEs, and we acquire the global existence and uniqueness of findings under certain settings that are coherent with the classic SDEs. The secondary purpose is to evaluate the continuity of findings in fractional-order formulations. The Carathéodory approximation is taken into account for a class of generalized proportional FSDEs, which is pivotal and provides well-known bounds on the norm of the solutions. Carathéodory’s approximation aids in approximating the FSDEs governing turbulent flows, ensuring the solutions are mathematically robust and physically meaningful. As is widely documented, the existence and uniqueness of solutions to certain types of differential equations can be formed under Lipschitz and linear growth conditions. Furthermore, a class of generalized proportional FSDEs with time delays is considered according to certain new requirements. With the aid of well-known inequalities and Itô isometry technique, the Ulam–Hyers stability of the analyzed framework is addressed utilizing Lipschitz and non-Lipschitz characteristics, respectively. Additionally, we provide two illustrative examples as applications to demonstrate the authenticity of our interpretations. The demonstrated outcomes will generalize some previously published findings. Finally, this deviation from fractional Brownian motion necessitates a model that can capture the subdiffusive or superdiffusive behavior.
Study on separation of ReO4
−, a substitute for TcO4
−, using functional ionic liquid impregnated extraction chromatography resins
Authors: Liu Meiying , Zhi Xupeng , Liu Peng , Li Xiaomin , Chen Xinlong , Liu Bin , Shen Yinglin
Published: September 2024

99Tc has a long half-life, high fission yield, and good environmental mobility, posing a significant threat to the environment and human health. Therefore, removing technetium from radioactive wastewater is a very important and urgent task. For laboratory safety reasons, ReO4
− is often used as a non-isotopic substitute for 99TcO4
−. From this point of view, the study of the separation behavior of Re in the aqueous phase can provide a reference value for the removal of 99Tc. Here, a new type of extraction chromatography resin was prepared by impregnating the functionalized ionic liquid into the macroporous resin, whose imidazolium cations modified by amide functional groups which can effectively capture ReO4
−/TcO4
− from simulated radioactive wastewater. The results show the resin has good adsorption performance and fast adsorption kinetics (the adsorption equilibrium is about 20 min). The adsorption mechanism was investigated using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). It shows that the adsorption process is an anion exchange between Cl− in the resin and ReO4
− in the solution.
The submerged Nabataean temple in Puteoli at Pozzuoli, Italy: first campaign of underwater research
Authors: Stefanile Michele , Silani Michele , Tardugno Maria Luisa
Published: September 2024

In 2023, during the underwater archaeological documentation of the port of Puteoli, a submerged Nabataean temple was located and partially investigated. The authors present the first results of these new research activities, including a reconstruction of part of the building and details of two altars and some inscribed slabs.
MeCP2 deficiency alters the response selectivity of prefrontal cortical neurons to different social stimuli
Authors: Boyle Natalie , Li Yipeng , Sun Xiaoqian , Xu Pan , Lai Chien-Hsien , Betts Sarah , Guo Dian , Simha Rahul , Zeng Chen , Du Jianyang , Lu Hui
Published: September 2024

Rett syndrome (RTT), a severe neurodevelopmental disorder caused by mutations in the MeCP2 gene, is characterized by cognitive and social deficits. Previous studies have noted hypoactivity in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) pyramidal neurons of MeCP2-deficient mice (RTT mice) in response to both social and nonsocial stimuli. To further understand the neural mechanisms behind the social deficits of RTT mice, we monitored excitatory pyramidal neurons in the prelimbic region of the mPFC during social interactions in mice. These neurons' activity was closely linked to social preference, especially in wild-type mice. However, RTT mice showed reduced social interest and corresponding hypoactivity in these neurons, indicating that impaired mPFC activity contributes to their social deficits. We identified six mPFC neural ensembles selectively tuned to various stimuli, with RTT mice recruiting fewer neurons to ensembles responsive to social interactions and consistently showing lower stimulus-ON ensemble transient rates. Despite these lower rates, RTT mice exhibited an increase in the percentage of social-ON neurons in later sessions, suggesting a compensatory mechanism for the decreased firing rate. This highlights the limited plasticity in the mPFC caused by MeCP2 deficiency and offers insights into the neural dynamics of social encoding. The presence of multifunctional neurons and those specifically responsive to social or object stimuli in the mPFC emphasizes its crucial role in complex behaviors and cognitive functions, with selective neuron engagement suggesting efficiency in neural activation that optimizes responses to environmental stimuli.

Significance StatementUnlike previous studies that have only shown altered prefrontal activity in response to stimuli in MeCP2 deficient models, our study identifies specific stimulus-tuned ensembles in the prefrontal cortex and their dysregulated activity patterns underlying social deficits in Rett syndrome. Utilizing innovate neural activity visualization tools, we revealed circuit-level evidence of the impairment caused by MeCP2-deficiency. The current research not only adds to the field of neurodevelopmental disorders and insights into the neurocircuitry of social behavior, but sheds light on the circuit-level mechanisms underlying a key behavioral phenotype of Rett syndrome.
A miR-383-5p Signaling Hub Coordinates the Axon Regeneration Response to Inflammation
Authors: Hintermayer Matthew A. , Juźwik Camille A. , Morquette Barbara , Hua Elizabeth , Zhang Julia , Drake Sienna , Shi Shan Shan , Rambaldi Isabel , Vangoor Vamshi , Pasterkamp Jeroen , Moore Craig , Fournier Alyson E.
Published: September 2024

Neuroinflammation can positively influence axon regeneration following injury in the central nervous system. Inflammation promotes the release of neurotrophic molecules and stimulates intrinsic proregenerative molecular machinery in neurons, but the detailed mechanisms driving this effect are not fully understood. We evaluated how microRNAs are regulated in retinal neurons in response to intraocular inflammation to identify their potential role in axon regeneration. We found that miR-383-5p is downregulated in retinal ganglion cells in response to zymosan-induced intraocular inflammation. MiR-383-5p downregulation in neurons is sufficient to promote axon growth in vitro, and the intravitreal injection of a miR-383-5p inhibitor into the eye promotes axon regeneration following optic nerve crush. MiR-383-5p directly targets ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) receptor components, and miR-383-5p inhibition sensitizes adult retinal neurons to the outgrowth-promoting effects of CNTF. Interestingly, we also demonstrate that CNTF treatment is sufficient to reduce miR-383-5p levels in neurons, constituting a positive-feedback module, whereby initial CNTF treatment reduces miR-383-5p levels, which then disinhibits CNTF receptor components to sensitize neurons to the ligand. Additionally, miR-383-5p inhibition derepresses the mitochondrial antioxidant protein peroxiredoxin-3 (PRDX3) which was required for the proregenerative effects associated with miR-383-5p loss-of-function in vitro. We have thus identified a positive-feedback mechanism that facilitates neuronal CNTF sensitivity in neurons and a new molecular signaling module that promotes inflammation-induced axon regeneration.
Investigation of Metaplasticity Associated with Transcranial Focused Ultrasound Neuromodulation in Humans
Authors: Ding Mandy Yi Rong , Arora Tarun , Sarica Can , Yang Andrew Z. , Nasrkhani Negar , Grippe Talyta , Nankoo Jean-François , Tran Stephanie , Samuel Nardin , Xia Xue , Lozano Andres M. , Chen Robert
Published: September 2024

Low-intensity transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation (TUS) is a novel technique for noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS). TUS delivered in a theta (5 Hz) burst pattern (tbTUS) induces plasticity in the human primary motor cortex (M1) for 30–60 min, showing promise for therapeutic development. Metaplasticity refers to activity-dependent changes in neural functions governing synaptic plasticity; depotentiation is the reversal of long-term potentiation (LTP) by a subsequent protocol with no effect alone. Metaplasticity can enhance plasticity induction and clinical efficacy of NIBS protocols. In our study, we compared four NIBS protocol combinations to investigate metaplasticity on tbTUS in humans of either sex. We delivered four interventions: (1) sham continuous theta burst stimulation with 150 pulses (cTBS150) followed by real tbTUS (tbTUS only), (2) real cTBS150 followed by sham tbTUS (cTBS only), (3) real cTBS150 followed by real tbTUS (metaplasticity), and (4) real tbTUS followed by real cTBS150 (depotentiation). We measured motor-evoked potential amplitude, short-interval intracortical inhibition, long-interval intracortical inhibition, intracortical facilitation (ICF), and short-interval intracortical facilitation before and up to 90 min after plasticity intervention. Plasticity effects lasted at least 60 min longer when tbTUS was primed with cTBS150 compared with tbTUS alone. Plasticity was abolished when cTBS150 was delivered after tbTUS. cTBS150 alone had no significant effect. No changes in M1 intracortical circuits were observed. Plasticity induction by tbTUS can be modified in manners consistent with homeostatic metaplasticity and depotentiation. This substantiates evidence that tbTUS induces LTP-like processes and suggests that metaplasticity can be harnessed in the therapeutic development of TUS.
Influência de xenobióticos na luminescência de cepas de Vibrio harveyi isoladas das águas marinhas cubanas
Authors: Lugioyo Gallardo Gladys Margarita , Iglesias Rodríguez María Victoria , Pérez Oduardo Ayamey , Ortiz Guilarte Eudalys , Núñez Moreira Roberto , Chong Almaguer Thais Renee , Álvarez Valcárcel Carlos
Published: September 2024

Toxicity tests using luminescent bacteria are promising tools to assess the quality of aquatic environments given the high sensitivity of these bacteria to pollutants. The research evaluated the effect of different types of xenobiotics—salts of mercury, copper, chromium, silver, iron, and four pesticides—on the luminescence of Vibrio harveyi strains CBM-784, CBM-976, and CBM-992, isolated from waters of the Cuban platform. The selected strains showed a reduction in luminescent emission at 15 min of exposure to the tested compounds, with a consistent, decreasing sequence of toxicity for all three strains as follows: HgCl2 > CuSO4 ≈ Cuproflow > K2Cr2O7 > Sphere Max ≈ Kospi-sc 130 > AgNO3 > Fe2(SO4)3 > Envidor. Results suggest that these cultures could be used to design a contamination biosensor since luminescence responds to nanomolar concentrations of the tested toxicants.
Gestión del conocimiento y organización de documentos en el sistema de archivos del Organismo Técnico de la Administración de los Servicios de Saneamiento
Authors: Aponte Fajardo Christian Ivan
Published: September 2024

El sistema institucional de archivos es un sistema funcional encargado de, entre otras actividades, la organización de documentos, a fin de garantizar a los ciudadanos su derecho de acceder a información generada por las entidades públicas. La organización de documentos, entonces, es uno de los principales procesos técnicos archivísticos. No obstante, según el censo elaborado el año 2014 por el Archivo General de la Nación, se conoció que los profesionales de los archivos de las reparticiones públicas no tenían conocimiento de la normativa relacionada a la organización de documentos. Tal situación guarda relación con la Política Nacional de Modernización de la Gestión Pública al 2030 en la que se indica que las entidades públicas gestionan el conocimiento de manera limitada, lo que ocasiona que no innoven y que sus intervenciones no mejoren. Debido a esta situación se planteó como objetivo analizar la relación entre la gestión del conocimiento y la organización de documentos en el ámbito del sistema de archivos del OTASS. Mediante un estudio de diseño no experimental, transversal, descriptivo y correlacional con enfoque cuantitativo, y habiendo aplicado un cuestionario (con escala de Likert) al conjunto de veintiséis profesionales del sistema de archivos del OTASS, se determinó, con un coeficiente de Spearman de 0.684, la existencia de una relación positiva y media entre la Gestión del Conocimiento y la Organización de Documentos. También se determinó que no existe relación entre la Gestión del Conocimiento y una de las etapas de la organización de documentos: la clasificación de documentos.
Stability, Variability and Transformation of Epic Traditions in the Olonkho of the Vilyui Region of the Mid-19th–20th Century
Authors: Koryakina Antonina
Published: September 2024

The article deals with the issues of continuity, stability, variability, and transformation of archaic epic traditions in the early text (mid-19th century) and subsequent records (mid-20th century) in the olonkho of the Vilyui region. Attention is drawn to the features of compositional plot structures and plot motifs, and their functional and analytical characteristics are proposed. In connection with the replenishment of the olonkho fund with new publications on Yakut folklore studies, the problem of confirming, updating, and developing previously obtained results to identify common and local epic traditions has become relevant. The study has revealed that the olonkho texts in question are missing certain motifs of epic creativity that have become canonical, for example, the settlement of the Middle world by the aiyy tribes, the appointment of bogatyrs by the Deities as protectors of the Middle world tribes. Instead of Aal Duup mas (Oak Tree), a birch variant of the mythological Sacred Tree image was established. The motifs from the early recording of the olonkho, such as the murder of a brother due to rivalry, the forced possession of women, the characters’ premarital intimate relationships, the actions of the grandfather to marry his grandson off against his will were not subsequently developed in the Vilyui epics. The obtained new additional facts will help to identify the basic models of the epic narrative, and to determine the general and local features of epic traditions.
Shapeshifting Motifs in Russian Wedding Incantations
Authors: Krasheninnikova Yulia
Published: September 2024

This work is devoted to the analysis of Russian wedding incantations that contain shapeshifting motifs. They are a part of the dialogues pronounced by the representatives of the groom’s family (best man, the groom’s godfather, etc.) and the bride’s family (brother, father of the bride, a special “elder,” etc.) near the closed doors of the bride’s house. The shapeshifting motifs in wedding incantations is related to wedding lamentations and fairy tales in its verbal manifestation and style. The incantation texts are characterized by an independent voluntary transformation of the bride and the groom; the bride always goes through a transformation; the groom remains in a human image or transforms after her in order to get the bride. The bride transforms into different representatives of ornitho-, zoo- and ichthyofauna. The image of a white swan, registered in the Kizhi, Pudozhskay and Mezen’ traditions, is the most frequent. The second frequent are the images of a pike, noted in the late records of the 1970s from Arkhangelsk province (Leshukonsky and Mezensky area), and the image of a fox. The transformation of the bride into a ring is another feature of the shapeshifting motifs, which aligns wedding incantations and fairy tales even more. The groom’s actions in the shapeshifting motif differ in the degree of his efforts — whether the groom procures the bride himself or engages helpers to whom he is connected by familiarity, by kinship (best man, other participants of the wedding procession) or by a chance meeting, which took place during the search for the bride (a miraculous helper). The using of miraculous means, magic objects or the assistance of a magic helper are rarely present in incantation recordings; these images are mostly a sign of individual style and skill of particular performers, and the texts that contain them are typically recorded in isolated cases.
Ternary Structures in The Life of Joseph Volotsky
Authors:   Petrozavodsk State University, Ivanov Igor
Published: September 2024

t. The article is devoted to the reflection of the Trinitarian dogma in The Life of Joseph Volotsky, in which triple repetitions are found at the lexical, syntactic and plot levels of the text. The significance of the Trinitarian dogma in the biography of Joseph Volotsky is related to the controversy that erupted at the turn of the 15th—16th centuries between the Orthodox Church and the Judaizer heresy, whose adherents questioned the dogma of the Trinitarian nature of God. Joseph Volotsky became the most active participant in antiheretical activities. The Life compiled by Bishop Savva Cherny of Krutitsky in the 1740s aligns itself with the Life of Sergius of Radonezh, in which numerous triple repetitions are present. The connection between The Life of Joseph of Volotsky and the Life of Sergius of Radonezh is evidenced by the textual connection of the introductory parts of the texts; indirect proof of the importance of the figure of Sergius of Radonezh for Joseph Volotsky is also apparent in the genetic connection between the saints, based on belonging to the same line of monastic tradition: Joseph took the tonsure from Paphnutius Borovsky, whose mentor Nikita Borovsky was a novice of Sergius. Analysis of the Life for triple repetitions at the structural and event levels of the text not only indicates that the Life of Sergius of Radonezh became a literary source for the biography of the Volotsk hegumen and that the author of The Life reflected in the monument a polemic that was relevant at the time of the saint’s life, but also complements the ideas of philological medieval studies about the biography of Joseph Volotsky. Today we have to state with regret that the Life of Joseph Volotsky, with rare exceptions, has not become an object of interest for philologists; this article intends to shed light on one of the aspects of the poetics of the monument
ВИРОБЛЕННЯ НАВИЧОК КУЛЬТУРИ ПРОФЕСІЙНОГО МОВЛЕННЯ У СТУДЕНТІВ НА ЗАНЯТТЯХ ІЗ КУРСУ «УКРАЇНСЬКА МОВА (ЗА ПРОФЕСІЙНИМ СПРЯМУВАННЯМ)»
Authors: Литвин О.
Published: September 2024

Постановка проблеми. Сучасний висококваліфікований фахівець повинен вміти реалізовувати вимоги Конституції України та інших законодавчих актів щодо державности української мови і використання її у професійному спілкуванні. У роботі показано, як на заняттях з курсу «Українська мова (за професійним спрямуванням)» студенти можуть поглиблювати свої когнітивні та практичні уміння й навички з культури мовлення і норм української літературної мови, набувати майстерности щодо їх застосування у професійній діяльності.
Метою статті є аналіз помилок, які фіксуємо в технічній літературі, професійному мовленні здобувачів вищої освіти; спроба простежити, як порушення мовних норм проявляються на лексичному, морфологічному та синтаксичному мовних рівнях, щоб на прикладах під час занять під час занять допомогти студентам виробити навички культури професійного мовлення.
Методи дослідження. У дослідженні застосовано переважно описовий метод, який дає змогу виявити, узагальнити і класифікувати мовні факти. Порівняльний метод використано, щоб показати порушену проблему на синхронному та діахронному рівні. Структурний метод сприяв опису «вмотивованих» (перенесених із чужої мови) словотворчих афіксів, які спричинили явище словотвірної інтерференції.
Основні результати дослідження. У фаховому мовленні науковців і здобувачів вищої освіти фіксуємо такі мовностилістичні помилки: а) вживання термінів-інтерферем, які потрібно вилучити з лексикографічних праць (насос – помпа, зазор – щілина, холостий хід – неробочий, марний, нечинний хід, олійний вимикач – оливний вимикач, авіаційне масло – авіаційне мастило); б) сплутування паронімів: об’єм – обсяг: об’єм – величина чогось у довжину, висоту й ширину, вимірювана в кубічних одиницях (об’єм посудини, об’єм двигуна, об’єм циліндра); обсяг – розмір, величина, кількість чого-небудь (обсяг пам’яті, обсяг відеопам’ять, обсяг накопичувача); в) вживання англізмів за умови, що є вдалі українські відповідники: воркшоп (майстерня), бренд (символіка); г) вживання словотворчих інтерферем, які потрібно виправити відповідно до словотвірних норм української мови: модель «основа дієслова + -анн(я), -енн(я), -янн(я)» є продуктивним виявом процесуальности, а віддієслівні іменники із суфіксом -к- позначають наслідок дії (вкладка, розробка, вибірка); іменники-назви осіб творять суфікси -ач, -ник, -овець; для творення активних дієприкметників слід використовувати суфікси -н-, -льн- (напрямна властивість, гальмівний пристрій, вимірювальна апаратура) тощо; ґ) надуживання пасивними дієслівними форми на -ться, -ся, орудним відмінком особи в поєднанні з пасивними формами дієслова: задача розв’язується – задачу розв’язують, підписаний інженером – інженер підписав тощо.
Висновки і перспективи. Порушене питання потребує подальших досліджень, наприклад, усунення запозичень, які переобтяжують текст, що є проблемою культури наукового мовлення.
Neo-Victorian Ghosts: Haunting, Spectres, and Spectrality in Sarah Waters' Affinity
Authors: Šubertová Linda
Published: September 2024

This paper explores the multifaceted roles of spectres within Sarah Waters’ neo-Victorian novel Affinity (1999). Largely based on Jacques Derrida’s concept of hauntology, this analysis focuses on four main areas: spectres as symbols of lost identities, spectres as manifestations of hidden lesbian desires, spectres of the deceased, and the transmission of haunting from one person or object to another. The analysis reveals that the figure of the spectre represents a kaleidoscope of different phenomena, all unified by the ever-present intrusion of the past in the present. The article also considers Derrida’s understanding of mourning and the role of language in the transmission of haunting.
Fachdidaktische Entwicklungsforschung in der inklusiven Literaturdidaktik – das DiaMantEn-Modell
Authors: Lewald-Romahn Laura M.
Published: September 2024

In der Fachdidaktischen Entwicklungsforschung ist man auf spezifische Unterrichtsgegenstände, Bildungsprobleme und ihre lokale Lösbarkeit ausgerichtet, um ein Unterrichtsdesign zu entwickeln. Die Spezifizierung des Lerngegenstandes stellt in fachdidaktischen Modellen wie dem FUNKEN-Modell oft eine Hauptaufgabe dar. Der Beitrag stellt ein DBR-Modell für den inklusiven Fachunterricht vor. Es ist in einem abgeschlossenen Projekt der inklusiven Literatur- und Mediendidaktik entwickelt und erprobt worden und hat das Ziel Möglichkeitsräume, Lehr-Lern-Arrangements für den inklusiven Literaturunterricht, konstruierbar und für Entwicklungsforschungsprojekte erprobbar zu machen. Dabei geht das Modell u.a. vom Dortmunder FUNKEN-Modell aus und entwickelt dieses für die inklusive Literaturdidaktik weiter. Das vorgestellte Modell zur (Fach-)Didaktischen Möglichkeitsraumentwicklung – anwendungsbezogen und theoriegeleitet für Entwicklungsforschungsprojekte (DiaMantEn-Modell) bezieht dafür interdisziplinäre bzw. sonderpädagogische Sichtweisen für die Konstruktion von inklusiven Lehr-Lernarrangements ein, hebt gleichzeitig theoretische Bezugspunkte hervor, die in die Praxis überführt werden sollen, und legt besonderen Wert auf die Reflexion von Differenzlinienkonstruktionen für den inklusiven Literaturunterricht.
Estimación de rendimientos de mano de obra y material en la aplicación de morteros de repello industrializado en proyectos de vivienda
Authors: Mata Abdelnour Erick
Published: September 2024

En este trabajo se estimó el rendimiento y costo de mano de obra, del material y del equipo en la aplicación de repello con mortero industrializado, estos datos son importantes para la determinación de la factibilidad de un proyecto ya que impactan directamente su costo y duración total. Las mediciones fueron realizadas en tres proyectos habitacionales de mampostería de uno y dos niveles, ubicados en Alajuela, Heredia, San José o Cartago de Costa Rica. En los primeros dos se utilizaron morteros de diferentes marcas, sin embargo, la metodología de aplicación fue manual en ambos casos. En el tercer proyecto se utilizó el mismo mortero que uno de los proyectos anteriores, pero se aplicó mecánicamente. Para el análisis de los datos obtenidos, se utilizó la prueba estadística t de student con una confiabilidad de 90%. Cabe destacar que los resultados son válidos solo para proyectos con características similares.De acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos, el costo de la actividad de repello aplicado manualmente es muy similar al aplicado con lanzadora ya que, el ahorro en el costo de mano de obra obtenido equivale aproximadamente al monto necesario para cubrir la amortización del equipo lanzador y el costo adicional del material proyectado.
Análisis modal operacional de un edificio utilizando programas computacionales comerciales
Authors: Padilla Benavides María Fernanda , Esquivel Salas Luis Carlos , Liu Kuan Yi Cheng , Schmidt Díaz Víctor
Published: September 2024

En este trabajo se presentan los parámetros modales de un edificio de 17,5 m de altura, debido a vibraciones ambientales, obtenidos mediante métodos en el dominio de la frecuencia y del tiempo disponibles en el programa computacional comercial ARTeMIS Modal v.5.0, con el fin de evaluar su eficacia para realizar análisis modal operacional en edificios y utilizando datos de vibraciones ambientales. En la medición se utilizó la técnica de sensores ambulantes, realizando seis configuraciones diferentes, con cuatro acelerógrafos triaxiales modelo TitanSMA. Se compararon datos procesados mediante los programas computacionales Geopsy y ARTeMIS Modal y no se encontró diferencia en los resultados. Se identificaron cinco modos de vibración mediante el análisis espectral, mientras que en el dominio del tiempo los resultados no fueron consistentes. Además, se utilizó el Criterio de Aseguramiento Modal (MAC) para un control cruzado entre las formas modales obtenidas con los métodos de dominio de frecuencias y de tiempo.
Requerimientos de graduación para un agregado grueso con tamaño máximo nominal de 16 mm
Authors: Rojas Einer Rodríguez , Muñoz Umaña Flor de María , Chacón Bolívar Valeria
Published: September 2024

En Costa Rica, la normativa de mayor empleo en materia de especificaciones para valorar la calidad de los agregados para concreto hidráulico, corresponde a la de la Sociedad Americana de Pruebas y Materiales (ASTM, por sus siglas en inglés), las cuales constituyen la base de las normas del Instituto de Normas Técnicas de Costa Rica (INTECO).
Por ende, los requerimientos de graduación de los agregados que se sigue en el país provienen de la norma ASTM C33 Especificación normalizada para agregados para concreto (INTE C15:2014). Para el diseño de mezclas, esta norma proporciona especificaciones granulométricas para tamaños máximos nominales de 90 mm, 63 mm, 50 mm, 37,5 mm, 25 mm, 19 mm, 12,7 mm y 9,5 mm.
No obstante, en estudios recientes, Hernández (2018) y Delgado (2018), utilizaron un agregado con tamaño máximo nominal de 16 mm en la elaboración de concreto hidráulico para obtener curvas estándar de desarrollo de resistencia para diferentes tipos de cemento portland que se comercializan en el país. En sus trabajos, tanto Hernández como Delgado, utilizaron agregado grueso de río y agregado grueso de tajo. Para cada caso se usó como referencia granulométrica las especificaciones para tamaños máximos nominales de 12,7 mm y 19 mm que proporciona la norma ASTM C33 (INTE C15:2014), dado que en esta norma no existen especificaciones para agregado de 16 mm.
Fuentes productoras de agregados a nivel nacional están generando una cantidad importante de agregado de 16 mm, por lo que resultó de interés realizar un estudio experimental con muestras estadísticamente válidas, que permitan comprobar con un grado de certeza adecuado la validez de usar la granulometría que mejor se ajuste (tamaño máximo nominal: 12,7 mm o 19 mm) cuando se emplea agregado de 16 mm. Pero también, como parte del estudio, se generó una propuesta de límites granulométricos para un tamaño de 16 mm.
Plotinus on perceptual memory
Authors: Lautner Péter
Published: September 2024

The paper has a dual purpose, one historical and one theoretical. It aims to show, first, that Plotinus' notion of perceptual memory heavily draws on Stoic views insofar as both regard memory as a linguistic phenomenon. Furthermore, it aims to answer two questions, both are intimately connected to the Plotinian thesis of the impassibility of the soul. How could it happen that a present tense perceptual judgment changes into a past tense memory judgment and what explains that our judgments on perceived objects change, and occasionally fade, over time, that is, how can we remember in a way different from sense-perception?
Eksploitasi Anak melalui Konten Youtube Menurut Undang-Undang dan Hukum Pidana Islam
Authors: Rizki Moh. Adam , Azizah Vivi Rohmi , Fuady Mohammed Zulvyqar
Published: September 2024

Abstract: Lately, there has been a lot of news about Youtubers who are considered to be exploiting their children. Exploitation involving the child of the couple J and S became a victim of adsense from the content created by his parents. This case has become a hot topic in the community. Therefore, this article discusses the exploitation of children through youtube content according to Islamic laws and criminal law. This research is a library. Data is taken from YouTube, law number 35 of 2014, and books or journals that discuss child exploitation. The data were analyzed descriptively and deductively. This study concludes that child exploitation through content on youtube is due to economic factors, namely profit. If the criminal element is met, the perpetrator can be subject to punishment as stated in article 88 in law number 35 of 2014. Islam also prohibits the exploitation of children, the perpetrator can be punished with ta'zir.
Keywords: exploitation, children, Islamic criminal law, law.
Abstrak: Akhir-akhir ini ramai diberitakan tentang Youtuber yang dianggap melakukan eksploitasi terhadap anaknya. Eksploitasi yang melibatkan anak dari pasangan J dan S menjadi korban adsense dari konten yang dibuat oleh orang tuanya. Kasus ini menjadi topik hangat di masyarakat. Karena itu artikel ini membahas tentang eksploitasi anak melalui konten youtube menurut undang-undang dan hukum pidana Islam. Penelitian ini adalah Pustaka. Data diambil dari youtube, undang–undang nomor 35 tahun 2014, dan buku atau jurnal yang membahas tentang eksploitasi anak. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dan deduktif. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa eksploitasi anak melalui konten di youtube karena faktor ekonomi yaitu mendapatkan keuntungan. Jika terpenuhi unsur pidana, pelaku bisa dikenai hukuman sebagaimana tercantum dalam pasal 88 di undang-undang nomor 35 tahun 2014. Islam juga melarang eksploitasi anak, pelaku dapat dihukum hukuman ta’zir.
Kata kunci: eksploitasi, anak, hukum pidana Islam, undang-undang
Financial literacy as a determinant of economic behavior of the population: empirical analysis and development prospects
Authors: Харахаш Олександр , Іванченкова Лариса , Ольшевська Ольга
Published: September 2024

Financial literacy has emerged as a crucial determinant of economic behavior, impacting both individual well-being and broader economic stability. This study aims to investigate the relationship between financial literacy and economic behavior among the population, evaluate the effectiveness of financial education programs, identify regional and demographic disparities, and propose strategies for enhancing financial literacy. The research identifies a significant positive correlation between financial literacy and economic behavior. Individuals with higher financial literacy levels are more likely to engage in saving, make informed investment decisions, and manage debt effectively. Findings suggest that mandatory financial literacy courses in schools and universities significantly enhance financial understanding among young people. Additionally, the research highlights notable regional and demographic differences in financial literacy levels. The study concludes that enhancing financial literacy is crucial for fostering better economic behavior, reducing financial vulnerabilities, and promoting sustainable economic development. These strategies can help mitigate regional and demographic disparities and ensure long-term economic benefits.