bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Automated Lung Nodule Detection and Classification Using Deep Learning Combined with Multiple Strategies
Authors: Nasrullah Nasrullah , Sang Jun , Alam Mohammad S. , Mateen Muhammad , Cai Bin , Hu Haibo
Published: August 2019

Lung cancer is one of the major causes of cancer-related deaths due to its aggressive nature and delayed detections at advanced stages. Early detection of lung cancer is very important for the survival of an individual, and is a significant challenging problem. Generally, chest radiographs (X-ray) and computed tomography (CT) scans are used initially for the diagnosis of the malignant nodules; however, the possible existence of benign nodules leads to erroneous decisions. At early stages, the benign and the malignant nodules show very close resemblance to each other. In this paper, a novel deep learning-based model with multiple strategies is proposed for the precise diagnosis of the malignant nodules. Due to the recent achievements of deep convolutional neural networks (CNN) in image analysis, we have used two deep three-dimensional (3D) customized mixed link network (CMixNet) architectures for lung nodule detection and classification, respectively. Nodule detections were performed through faster R-CNN on efficiently-learned features from CMixNet and U-Net like encoder–decoder architecture. Classification of the nodules was performed through a gradient boosting machine (GBM) on the learned features from the designed 3D CMixNet structure. To reduce false positives and misdiagnosis results due to different types of errors, the final decision was performed in connection with physiological symptoms and clinical biomarkers. With the advent of the internet of things (IoT) and electro-medical technology, wireless body area networks (WBANs) provide continuous monitoring of patients, which helps in diagnosis of chronic diseases—especially metastatic cancers. The deep learning model for nodules’ detection and classification, combined with clinical factors, helps in the reduction of misdiagnosis and false positive (FP) results in early-stage lung cancer diagnosis. The proposed system was evaluated on LIDC-IDRI datasets in the form of sensitivity (94%) and specificity (91%), and better results were obatined compared to the existing methods.
Surface Hardening of Massive Steel Products in the Low-pressure Glow Discharge Plasma
Authors: Grigoriev Sergey , Metel Alexander , Volosova Marina , Melnik Yury , Ney Htet , Mustafaev Enver
Published: August 2019

A process vacuum chamber is filled with a homogeneous plasma of glow discharge with electrostatic electron confinement, which is used for surface hardening of massive products. At the current of 2–20 A and the gas pressure ranging from 0.1 to 1 Pa the discharge voltage amounts to 350–500 V. When a bias voltage of 2 kV is applied to an immersed in the plasma hollow cylinder with a mass of 15 kg, electrical power spent on heating it by accelerated ions exceeds by an order of magnitude the power spent on the discharge maintenance. The massive cylinder is heated up to 700 °C for 15 min. When argon mixture with nitrogen (30%) is used, the nitriding for 3h results in an increase in the surface hardness from 400 up to 1000 HV50 and the nitrided layer thickness grows to ~100 μm. The nitriding rate is enhanced by a high degree of nitrogen dissociation due to decomposition by fast electrons and surface structural defects due to bombardment by high-energy ions.
Coastal erosion field trip at the Sea Grant’s Mid-Atlantic Regional Meeting with North Carolina Sea Grant Specialist Spencer Rogers
Authors: Williams Amy , Fallon Kathleen , Swallow Danielle
Published: August 2019

During Sea Grant’s Mid-Atlantic Regional Meeting at the end of March 2018, a group of coastal scientists took advantage of the location on the Outer Banks of North Carolina to view the recent impacts of multiple nor’easters that had wreaked havoc on the coast (Figure 1). “Nor’easters” is the term used for the extratropical cyclones that form during the months between October and April, typically, when cold, dry continental air meets warmer air from the Atlantic Ocean. These storms intensify as they move northeast along the coast, bringing large storm surges and increased wave energy resulting in flooding and beach erosion. Coastal resiliency and flood insurance rates are critical issues to local communities. The Community Rating System, FEMA flood maps, and the Biggert-Waters Flood Insurance Reform Act of 2012 all play a part in determining the flood insurance rates for homeowners in North Carolina.
Etnomatematika Pada Istana Kerajaan Amanuban (Sonaf Son Besi)
Authors: Yafet Alunat, Uke Ralmugiz Hermina Amul, Ulfa Badu,
Published: August 2019

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kajian etnomatematika pada Istana Kerajaan Amanuban (Sonaf Son Besi). Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan metode etnografi yang bertujuan untuk mengungkap ide-ide matematika yang terdapat pada Istana Kerajaan Amanuban (Sonaf Son Besi). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kerajaan Amanuban yang terletak di Kelurahan Niki-Niki, Kabupaten Timor Tengah selatan, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur, Indonesia. Teknik pengambilan data penelitian ini yaitu Wawancara, dokumentasi, dan Observasi. Teknik Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif, dengan tahapan reduksi data, display data, dan membuat kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan banyaknya konsep matematika yang ada pada Sonaf Son Besi sebagai istana Kerajaan Amanuban seperti: Bangun Ruang, Bangun Datar dan Kongruensi, sangat cocok digunakan untuk pembelajaran materi tersebut dalam hal mendeskripsi unsur-unsur, penemuan pola bangunan, dan kekongruenan.
Pengaruh Pendekatan Metakognitif Terhadap Kemampuan Representasi Siswa Dalam Pembelajaran Matematika SMK Kesehatan Nusantara Kupang
Authors: Zulfikar Ryan Nizar
Published: August 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh pendekatan metakognitif terhadap kemampuan representase siswa dalam pembelajaran matematika. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian non-experiment. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa SMK Kesehatan Nusantara Kupang. Sampel penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X  SMK Kesehatan Nusantara Kupang. Metode pengumpulan data yang dugunkan peneliti adalah Tes dan Wawancara, diamana tes digunakan untuk mengetahui kemampuan representasi matematika siswa dan wawancara digunakan untuk memperkuat lagi hasil tes dari kemampuan representasi matematika siswa. Data dalam penelitian ini diuji menggunakan uji Paired Sample T Test. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran dengan pendekatan metakognitif  berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan representasi siswa. Hal ini dapat dibuktikan pada hasil analisis uji Paired Sample T-test diketahui rata-rata nilai prest-test kemampuan representasi diperoleh sebesar 12,16 dan post-test kemampuan representasi matematika siswa sebesar 24,73. kesimpulannya terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kemampuan komunikasi matematika dan kemampuan representasi matematika siswa.
FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KUNJUNGAN ANTENATAL CARA
Authors: Nur Yulia M , Septanelly S , Lestari Lasmi
Published: August 2019

Komplikasi kehamilan dan persalinan sebagai penyebab tertinggi kematian ibu tersebut dapat dicegah dengan pemeriksaan kehamilan melalui antenatal care (ANC) secara teratur. Cakupan K4 selama periode 3 tahun terakhir di Indonesia yaitu tahun 2013 sebesar 61.4 % dan tahun 2015 sebesar 70.0 %. Berdasarkan data dari Puskesmas Pariaman tahun 2017 angka kunjungan mengalami penurunan, cakupan K1 sebesar 92,4 % dan K4 sebeasar 90,1%. Target kunjungan yang ditetapkan adalah sebesar 99%. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang Berhubungan dengan kunjungan Antenatal Care (ANC) di wilayah kerja Puskesmas di Kota Pariaman tahun 2018. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif analitik menggunakan metode cross sectional. Penelitian ini dilakukan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Pariaman Kota Pariaman pada bulan 4 Juli sampai dengan 22 Juli tahun 2018. Populasi penelitian adalah ibu post partum sebanyak 627 orang dengan sampel diambil secara random sampling, didapatkan sampel sebanyak 86 orang. Hasil dari penelitian ini analisis menunjukkan bahwa 89,5% memiliki umur tidak beresiko, 83,7% responden memiliki paritas multipara, 57% memiliki pengetahuan rendah, 53,5% memiliki dukungan keluarga yang tinggi, 51,2% tidak patuh melakukan kunjungan antenatal care. Tidak terdapat hubungan umur dengan kunjungan Antenatal Care (ANC) p value 0,736. Tidak terdapat hubungan paritas dengan kunjungan Antenatal Care (ANC), p value 0,172. Terdapat hubungan pengetahuan dengan kunjungan Antenatal Care (ANC), p value 0,001. Terdapat hubungan dukungan keluarga dengan kunjungan Antenatal Care (ANC), p value 0,009 Peneliti mengharapkan pada tenaga kesehatan agar dapat meningkatkan penyuluhan kepada ibu-ibu tentang kunjungan Antenatal Care dan menambah program penyuluhan kepada wanita usia subur (WUS) konsultasi kesehatan dengan ibu-ibu hamil lebih diintensifkan lagi terutama pada ibu hamil dengan resiko tinggi
Preliminary Study of Color Removal from Moh Hom Dyeing Wastewater Using a Low Cost Activated Carbon Derived from Pineapple Waste
Authors: Pasukphun Nittaya , Suma Yanasinee
Published: August 2019

In Northern Thailand, the folk dress of the culture can still be seen in everyday use, properly called "Moh Hom". The production of Moh Hom is undertaken by small-meduim enterprises (SMEs), which are not subject to regulation to control environmental management. The Moh Hom fabric dyeing produces blue-colored wastewater which is typically discharged untreated into natural waterways, causing water pollution. Activated carbon adsorption offers an interesting option for on-site wastewater treatment for colour removal. Pineapple waste is a widely-available and free source of activated carbon in Chiang Rai Province, Northern Thailand. The current study examined the adsorption characteristics of pineapple leaf activated carbon (PAAC). The adsorption data are correlated with Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin models under various conditions such as dye concentration and contact time. The study found that PAAC absorbed Moh Hom adsorption in a short time (30-60 min) with the highest adsorption capacity of 234 mg g-1. The adsorption was identified as physical adsorption using the assumption of Temkin’s model. The adsorption capacity of PAAC was found to be higher than commercially-available powdered activated carbon around 36 %. The study indicates that PAAC offers a cost-effective alternative to commercially available activate charcoal for removing blue dye from Moh Hom dyeing wastewater streams. Its adsorption capacity is comparable to that of commercial activated carbon, whilst also being cheaper, more eco-friendly and supports agricultural waste utilization.
Spatial Seasonal Distribution of Climatological Precipitation over the Middle of the Indochina Peninsula
Authors: Mahavik Nattapon
Published: August 2019

Rainfall intensity and frequency are important parameters in agricultural development and water resource management. The middle of the Indochina peninsula climate is characterized by rainfall variability associated with complex terrains. The present study focuses on spatial seasonal extreme precipitation trends over the middle of the Indochina Peninsula for the 30 year period from 1978-2007. Daily gridded precipitation data obtained at 0.5° horizontal grid resolution from APHRODITE (Asian Precipitation-Highly Resolved Observational Data Integration Towards Evaluation of Water Resources) was used to detect the spatial trends with the use of the Man-Kendall and Theil-Sen approach. Extreme precipitation indices were selected from the WMO–CCL/CLIVAR list of extreme precipitation indices focusing on intensity and frequency. The study shows a consistently increasing upward trend at 10.04 dfrom the WDAY index. In seasonal analysis, the pre-monsoon trend shows a significant upward trend in the PRCTOT index, while the WDAY index for pre-monsoon season has the highest correlation coefficient in downward trend. Spatial analysis of extreme precipitation indices shows that the PRCTOT index of the pre-monsoon season has the largest percentage change in significant upward trend over the northern Basins that are consistent with MAX and Mean but not for WDAY. In addition, the inter-annual relationship between the Oceanic Nino Index and PRCTOT is shown in relation with the La Niña phase for both April and May.
Pengalaman Keluarga Mempersiapkan Diri Menghadapi Bahaya Gunung Merapi di Desa Tegalmulyo: Studi Fenomenologi
Authors: Nurhidayati Istianna , Agustina Nur Wulan , Anggraini Novia
Published: August 2019

Individual and family represent the main stakeholder in alertness. Family represent tip of lance, subjek and object from alertness, because having an effect on directly to disaster risk. The aim of the  research is to get the meaning about the family experience in unlimbering to face the natty mount danger in Tegalmulyo village. This research used qualitative design with the phenomenology approach. This research population is all of family Tegalmulyo village. Sum up the sample research as much 7 participle obtained that used appropriate purposive sampling of criterion of inclusion research. The researcher used indepth interview to collect the data. The result of theme research is eleven themes that are natural disaster on the slopes of Merapi, the signs of Mount Merapi disaster, the danger of Mount Merapi eruption, equipment and equipment, evacuation site, evacuation plan, traditional early warning system, early warning system with modern technology, family empowerment , psychological feelings, evacuation assistance. The conclusion of this research are the experience of family preparedness to disaster in Tegalmulyo village is ready to face the danger of Mount Merapi.
Early Researchers and Development of Cultural Sociology
Authors: Goodson Maria M.
Published: August 2019

Culture is the social behavior and norms found in human societies. Culture is considered a central concept in anthropology, encompassing the range of phenomena that are transmitted through social learning in human societies. Cultural universals are found in all human societies; these include expressive forms like art, music, dance, ritual, religion, and technologies like tool usage, cooking, shelter, and clothing. The concept of material culture covers the physical expressions of culture, such as technology, architecture and art, whereas the immaterial aspects of culture such as principles of social organization (including practices of political organization and social institutions), mythology, philosophy, literature (both written and oral), and science comprise the intangible cultural heritage of a society.
A Geographical Description of Exogenesis Processes
Authors: Pawlak Sulislaw
Published: August 2019

The exogenesis processes are the processes that shape the land by forces coming on or above the Earth’s surface (exogenesis forces). These are processes that take place on the earth’s surface. They are subdivided in two categories and they are Processes of Degradation, Processes of Ag-gradation.
Different Stages of Evolution of Humankind
Authors: Jozic Slaven
Published: August 2019

Human evolution is the evolutionary process that led to the emergence of anatomically modern humans, beginning with the evolutionary history of primates—in particular genus Homo—and leading to the emergence of Homo sapiens as a distinct species of the hominid family, the great apes. This process involved the gradual development of traits such as human bipedalism and language, as well as interbreeding with other hominines, which indicate that human evolution was not linear but a web. The study of human evolution involves several scientific disciplines, including physical anthropology, primatology, archaeology, paleontology, neurobiology, ethology, linguistics, evolutionary psychology, embryology and genetics. Genetic studies show that primates diverged from other mammals about 85 million years ago, in the Late Cretaceous period, and the earliest fossils appear in the Paleocene, around 55 million years ago. Within the Hominoidea (apes) superfamily, the Hominidae family diverged from the Hylobatidae (gibbon) family some 15–20 million years ago; African great apes (subfamily Homininae) diverged from orangutans (Ponginae) about 14 million years ago; the Hominini tribe (humans, Australopithecines and other extinct biped genera, and chimpanzee) parted from the Gorillini tribe (gorillas) between 8–9 million years ago; and, in turn, the subtribes Hominina (humans and biped ancestors) and Panina (chimps) separated 4–7.5 million years ago.
Structure of Cartography as an Application in Geography
Authors: Mehler Nicole
Published: August 2019

Cartography (sheet of papyrus) is the study & practice of making maps. Combining science, aesthetics & techniques, Cartography builds on the premise that reality can be modeled in the ways that communicate spatial information effectively.
International Tribunal on the Law of the Sea
Authors: Song Tam Xuan
Published: August 2019

Although most international disputes are resolved through political means, especially as bilateral discussions and suggestions, international decisions and an important element of arbitration dispute settlement. There are several organizations serving as a place to solve the laws of maritime disputes, but special judicial organs specially designed to conduct such disputes in the International Tribunal for the Sea Law (ITLOS). This article is mainly limited to the procedures and procedures of ITLOS, although it and some other judiciary will be compared. In addition, the views and practices of the settlement of judicial disputes in East Asian states will be examined based on the latest cases filed in ITLOSS. This article discusses the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea and its relevance. The U.N. Convention on the Law of the Sea seems to contemplate extensive jurisdiction for the Tribunal, but since its inception, the Tribunal has heard a very limited number and scope of cases, in part because disputants have other options for adjudication. This article provides a detailed discussion of the jurisdiction of the Tribunal. Then, it concludes in a positive note by emphasizing the tribunal's desire to analyze the important decisions of the tribunal and to create a more effective role in its existing institutional limitations, to ensure a significant contribution in the field of international law and judgment.
Keeling Curve: Result, Interpretation & Global Monitoring
Authors: Ostrowski Augustyn
Published: August 2019

The Keeling Curve is a graph of the accumulation of carbon dioxide in the Earth's atmosphere based on continuous measurements taken at the Mauna Loa Observatory on the island of Hawaii from 1958 to the present day. The curve is named for the scientist Charles David Keeling, who started the monitoring program and supervised it until his death in 2005.
International Journal for Empirical Education and Research
Authors: Rahman Ekhlasur
Published: August 2019

Bangladesh considers that hunger, poverty, illiteracy which characterize underdevelopment to be formidable impediments, which frustrate the effective enjoyment of human rights. Removal of these impediments through mutual co-operation is, therefore, vital for the full realization of the aims and objectives of the Universal Declaration of the Human Rights. Bangladesh is pleased to note that the Vienna Declaration adopted in June 1993 at the conclusion of the World Conference on Human Rights highlighted the universal character and the indivisibility of human rights as well as reiterated the fact that existence of extreme poverty inhibits the full and effective enjoyment of human rights and that its immediate alleviation and eventual elimination must remain a high priority for the international community. Bangladesh pledged its total commitment and unwavering support to the United Nations for its continuing efforts in promoting dignity and worth of the human person and for full realization of the principles. Parliament in Bangladesh is sovereign and democratic polity is being given a permanent shape through institution building. A policy decision has been taken at the highest level of the government to ensure women their rightful share in the society. There are 30 reserved seats for women in national parliament and quotas have been fixed for them in government jobs. Stringent laws have been enacted to protect women from social evils and to ensure their rights. Steps have also been taken for the economic empowerment of women.
Fair Income Distribution in Islamic Economics: Wealth Taxes in Turkey in Theory and in Practice
Authors: AK Ahmet , BAHÇE Abdullah Burhan , GÜMÜS Öner
Published: August 2019

Islamic economy holds various features in its body. It is possible that one of the most important features is to provide a fair income distribution. Income distribution has a capacity to create indignation in society when income distribution is not formed as fair. Hence, income is not distributed as fair generally in primary income distribution. The government has to interfere in market to provide justice in secondary income distribution. One of the tools in intervention is tax. However, when collecting taxes, Islamic economy displays sensitivity to labor. In turkey, wealth taxes are applied for the revenues earned without labor. In other words, the sensitivity to labor in Islamic economy finds its place as theoretical in Turkish tax system. In this study, it is revealed the similarities of wealth taxes and fair income distribution which is one of features of Islamic economy as theoretical. And, it is exhibited as hypothesis of the study that wealth taxes and Islamic economy show similarities; but, it is not reached these similarities in practice.
Terrorist Attacks in Europe and Options of Terrorism Prevention
Authors: Ten JUDr. Milos
Published: August 2019

The terrorism can be considered as a political or security problem, but it is also a kind of crime, although it is a very specific crime. However, considering it as a crime, we can also think about it in the connection with criminological categories as prevention, for example. When we look at the latest terrorist attacks, we can name their several common features. For example, tools that were used to commit these crimes, were very simple, because perpetrators attacked by firearms, stabbing weapons or vehicles. That means that perpetrators cannot have more sophisticated skills to commit terrorist attacks by these tools. This article is also focused on some other features like places where terrorist attacks were committed, the age of perpetrators or their religion, because all of them were Muslims. All of these features are opposed to the views of some experts who predict that cyber terrorism or nuclear terrorism will become serious threats in the future. Therefore, the paper contains the shortest analysis of the latest terrorist attacks, which were committed in Europe, the analysis of information, which are available in the media, and a comparison of selective features of terrorist attacks. Taking into account the newest trends in the commitment of terrorist attacks, the method of analysis and method of comparison are used to express the need for terrorism prevention and formulate possible proposals for measures that could contribute to terrorism prevention. The paper contains the short analysis of the latest terrorist attacks, which were committed in Europe, the analysis of information, which is available in the media, and the comparison of selective features of terrorist attacks. Taking into account the newest trends in the commitment of terrorist attacks, the method of analysis and method of comparison are used to express the need for terrorism prevention and formulate possible proposals for measures that could contribute to terrorism prevention. The paper contains the short analysis of the latest terrorist attacks, which were committed in Europe, the analysis of information, which is available in the media, and the comparison of selective features of terrorist attacks. Taking into account the newest trends in the commitment of terrorist attacks, the method of analysis and method of comparison are used to express the need for terrorism prevention and formulate possible proposals for measures that could contribute to terrorism prevention.
Role Playing In the Field Of Education
Authors: Lo Yuan
Published: August 2019

The character and status are presented together. Others have to play the role. The real situation is to be presented in a simple way. It can be understood how to adapt yourself to the real field. The role of the actress is to be revealed. Students get real-life education in the artificial environment. Performances of speech and expression are improved.
Idea of Teaching and Learning Environment
Authors: Beneš Miroslav
Published: August 2019

This is an article containing a modern topic related importantly education. Teaching and learning ae most important part of educational process. In this article, I will try to represent many ideas related the headline topic. The educational purpose is related to many thing as like many kinds of skills, child behavior and many other things. This important discussion will make you wise about this course of education.
Metabolic Changes in Polyamines, Phenylethylamine, And Arginine During Bud Break in Apple Flower Buds Under Foliar-Applied Dormancy-Breaking Agents
Authors: Rady Mostafa M. , Seif El-Yazal Mohamed A.
Published: August 2019

The Environmental and climatic conditions affect the flower bud growth, flowering and yield performance of fruit species. Temperature appears to be important factors for temperate fruit trees in mild climates. The relationships between breaking bud dormancy and climatic influences on flowering, growth and metabolic changes in contents of biogenic amines (spermine, spermidine, putrescine, cadaverine and phenylethylamine), arginine and anthocyanin before and after bud break were evaluated for "Ain Shemer" apple (Malus sylvestris, Mill) trees under exogenously applied hydrogen cyanamide (dormex), calcium nitrate Ca(NO3)2 and thiourea. The studies have shown that breaking bud dormancy (as early date of bud break and percentage of bud break) by the above dormancy breaking agents were correlated with the high content of biogenic amines and arginine in buds. Seasonal variations in biogenic amines, arginine and anthocyanin level were present in buds during the research period (dormancy and dormancy release period). Levels of spermine, spermidine, putrescine, cadaverine, phenylethylamine, arginine and anthocyanin have simultaneously risen with bud burst and new growth. The most abundant polyamines in buds were cadaverine followed by spermine. The best results were obtained with Dormex after exposure the trees to about 274 natural chilling hours ? +7.2oC; therefore, we recommend using this compound to achieve bud break as early as possible in "Ain Shemer" apple variety by regulating the contents of biogenic amines and arginine in buds and subsequently the high percentages of bud break and maximum yield.
Foliar-Applied Mineral Oil Enhanced Hormones and Phenols Content and Hastened Breaking Bud Dormancy In “Astrachan” Apple Trees
Authors: Seif El-Yazal Mohamed A.
Published: August 2019

The effect of mineral oil alone or in combination with Dintro-ortho-cresol (Universal) with different concentrations at early reaching break dormancy in buds of ‘Astrachan’ apple (Malus sylvestris, Mill) trees was investigated. Also, their effects on metabolic changes in the content of buds from promoter and inhibitor substances during their release from dormancy were detected. The efficiency of early bud break was noticed in varying degrees with mineral oil or Universal at different concentrations. It was observed that all applied concentrations lead to early bud break, short flowering duration, high percentages of bud break and fruit-set. In addition, high contents of total indoles, indole-3-acetic acid, gibberellic acid, total and conjugated phenols, as well as, low content of abscisic acid and free phenols were achieved. According to the results, it is recommended using 6% of mineral oil as operator safer bud break promoters for reach to the early break dormancy in buds of ‘Astrachan’ apple trees under Egyptian winter conditions and the maximum yield by regulating the hormonal and phenolic content in buds.
Metalworking Fluid Exposure and Consequences on Skin Health in a Metal Machining Factory: Review Article
Authors: Jabbar Mohammed Abdulrazzaq
Published: August 2019

Metalworking fluids (MWFs) are a variety of substances can be used during machining of metals such as cutting, turning, grinding, milling and drilling. National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) in United States of America has stated that MWFs available in different forms such as straight oil (neat oil), soluble oil (emulsifiable oil), semisynthetic MWFs, and synthetic MWFs and during the machining processes worker can be exposed to MWFs through skin contact and inhalation. MWFs in machining factory allow significant bacterial growth in the fluids and aerosols which cause dermatological and respiratory adverse health effects among exposed workers. skin diseases that MWF exposure can cause various morphology of skin disorders such as skin scaling or dryness. Semi-quantitative dermal exposure assessment methods (DREAM) in both occupational and epidemiological survey. The prevention of the health effects of MWF on skin systems would probably by enhancing the awareness of the workers towards the health effects of MWF and the appropriate safety methods need to apply regularly all along their working time.
Utilitarianism theory according to Bentham and Stuart Mill
Authors: Daher Hafiz Zafa
Published: August 2019

Both Mill and Bentham was the prominent upholder of utilitarianism theory. They both have differences in their thinking. Bentham's work opens with a statement of the principle of utility. Mill rejects a purely quantitative measurement of utility. Thus we will discuss about their viewpoints in this article.
An Analysis of the Anti-Tobacco Laws in Bangladesh
Authors: Khan Abdullah
Published: August 2019

Tobacco use is the leading preventable cause of morbidity and death. It is the global public health concern. In Bangladesh it is related to the tradition and also consider as a taboo of the society, that’s why people are not conscious about the harmful effects of the tobacco. The women, children and aged people are in high risk of the probable effects of tobacco. The cultivation of the tobacco also damage, displaced and unfertile the soil and putting harmful effects on environment, economy and social norms. There different patterns of tobacco as smoked or smokeless tobacco consumption (SLT). The urban people a little bit concern about the smoked tobacco rather than smokeless tobacco and the rural people have no idea about the harmful effects on smoked and smokeless tobacco. In rural areas it’s the tradition of smokeless tobacco consuming. The passive smoking also put the non-smoker specially child and aged person in high health risk. To prevent such situation Bangladesh signed the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in 2003 and ratifies in 2004 respectively and enacted laws such as “Smoking and Tobacco Products Usage (Control) Act 2005 (Amendment 2013) and related rules in 2015 as “The Smoking and Tobacco products Usage (Control) Rules 2015 and also includes some other Metropolitan Acts. The HC Division also banned the advertisement of all forms of tobacco and tobacco products by the case of Pro. Nurul Islam case (2000). This dissertation analysis the harmful effects of the tobacco usages and smoked and smokeless tobacco on Public Health, Social and Environment. This dissertation analysis the present status of tobacco control in Bangladesh and existing laws regarding to the tobacco control in Bangladesh as well. This research also examines the leading case – Prof. Nurul Islam Case for the banning of the advertisement of tobacco products as well as landmark guidelines from the High Court Division. This dissertation also analysis the loopholes of existing anti-tobacco laws in Bangladesh as well as the comparison of the legal provisions existing laws with the Indian existing laws. This dissertation also examines the activities of the government and different kinds of NGOs in Bangladesh. And lastly fifth and sixth chapter deals with the findings and recommendations that need to be implemented.
Subject Matters & Theories of Philosophical Education
Authors: Naifeh Sadaqat Najeeb
Published: August 2019

We will discuss here about some scopes of philosophy of education. We will also know the method of differences in education. The methods of education differs in various places. There are many kinds of theories of education.
Development of Values in Education
Authors: Hrvat Dario
Published: August 2019

Developing values in education is a very important issue. Content, teachers' attitudes, teaching environment, these components have special structure and influence of students. A student's school will build its values on the belief that it will gain. A person who values positive attributes is a qualified teacher. Because of his values and Philosophy, he can influence the students.
Vilfredo Pareto Philosophical Theory, Action & Residue with its Classification
Authors: Sabbag Mamduh Kahil
Published: August 2019

Vilfredo Pareto summarized his aim in writing his major sociological work, “The treatise on General Sociology.” His ambition was to construct a system of sociology analogous in its essential features of the generalized physicochemical system. The treatise attempts to study only non-rational aspects of action. Now we will discuss about his views.
Nitrogen Cycle: Impact on Global Environment
Authors: Ho Yul
Published: August 2019

Schematic representation of the flow of nitrogen through the ecosystem. The importance of bacteria in the cycle is immediately recognized as being a key element in the cycle, providing different forms of nitrogen compounds assailable by higher organisms. The nitrogen cycle is the biogeochemical cycle by which nitrogen is converted into multiple chemical forms as it circulates among atmosphere, terrestrial, and marine ecosystems. The conversion of nitrogen can be carried out through both biological and physical processes. Important processes in the nitrogen cycle include fixation, ammonification, nitrification, and denitrification. The majority of Earth's atmosphere (78%) is atmosphere nitrogen, making it the largest source of nitrogen. However, atmospheric nitrogen has limited availability for biological use, leading to a scarcity of usable nitrogen in many types of ecosystems.
Teacher's Role in the Development of Student Relations
Authors: Danila Catalina
Published: August 2019

Give freedom to students in classrooms. Emphasize student opinion. The classroom is designed to teach learning. Keeping the continuity of each episode of learning disciplines. Know all the names of students and call on their names. Cooperate to achieve the learned education in light of the curriculum. Finding the family's family research. Special focus on special groups and poor students. Display sympathy and co-operative attitude towards all students.
An Overview on Different Dimensions of OSCE
Authors: Inani Anand
Published: August 2019

The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) is the world's largest security-oriented intergovernmental organization. Its mandate includes issues such as arms control, promotion of human rights, freedom of the press, and fair elections. It employs around 3,460 people, mostly in its field operations but also in its secretariat in Vienna, Austria and its institutions. It has its origins in the 1975 Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe (CSCE) held in Helsinki, Finland.
Distribution of Races: A Brief Overview
Authors: Bacic Milenko
Published: August 2019

Races of mankind human being living on our planet all belong to the same species. However, varying geographical conditions and climate have resulted in the evolution of different groups called races. It is believed that all people originally came from one common ancestral type but the various groups now have distinct and characteristic differences. However we should not think of racial differences has been hard and fast because the races open overlap and there is no such thing as a pure race.
Active Mesh Based Motion Compensation Algorithm for Video Compression in Wavelet Sub Bands
Authors:   School of ECE, REVA Universty, Bengaluru, India., K N Vidyasagar , S H Bharathi ,   School of ECE, REVA University, Bengaluru, India., N A Vinay ,   School of ECE, REVA University, Bengaluru, India.
Published: August 2019

The method of assessing the motion vectors is termed as Motion Estimation and consequently reconstructing the original frame using these motion vectors is termed as Motion Compensation. In this paper a new active mesh based Motion estimation and compensation algorithm in wavelet domain at subpixel level is proposed. To achieve the accuracy in estimating the motion vector from reference frame to predicted frame in sub pixel level a Wavelet based Counterlet transform is used. This new mesh based method is based by minimizing the mesh energy with energy functions as its input coefficients. The accuracy of the estimation and the compensation is improved by the feature points obtained by the energy functions. The analysis of the experimental results describes that there is improvement in the distortion of the performance rate for the video compression and this is achieved by the generation of the structured and the unstructured active mesh motion techniques in the wavelet sub-bands. The energy criteria of the input coefficients helps to retain the energy in the sub-bands which is a condition that helps in significant gaining of the PSNR required for better outcome.
2d To 3d Conversion with Combined Texture Features Anddisparity Mapping
Authors:   PG Scholar, Computer Science and Engineering, Vel Tech Multi Tech Dr.Rangarajan Dr.Sakunthala Engineering College, Chennai, India., Scintiaclarinda S, , Nithya K. ,   Assistant Professor, Computer Science and Engineering, Vel Tech Multi Tech Dr.Rangarajan Dr.Sakunthala Engineering College, Chennai, India., Muthuselvi S. ,   PG Scholar, Computer Science and Engineering, Vel Tech Multi Tech Dr.Rangarajan Dr.Sakunthala Engineering College, Chennai, India., Rengarajan A. ,   Professor, Computer Science and Engineering, Vel Tech Multi Tech Dr.Rangarajan Dr.Sakunthala Engineering College, Chennai, India.
Published: August 2019

Image processing is a strategy to change over a picture into advanced structure also, play out specific tasks on it, in order to get an upgraded picture or to extricate some profitable information from it. The transformation procedure of existing 2D pictures to 3D is financially feasible and is satisfying the development of high caliber stereoscopic pictures. A disparity map maybe live of however totallydifferent 2 pictures areaunit, however far similar edge/corner/feature points area unit from one image to another.This idea executes the plan of the programmed 2D to 3D video shading transformation utilizing 2D video and grouping is displayed. The examined structures epitomize along procedure of neighboring casings abuse the ensuing procedure: CIELa*b* shading space transformation, wavelet change (WT) with edge location utilizing HF wavelet sub-groups (HF, LH and HH) or pyramidal plan, shading division through k-implies on a*b* shading plane, up-testing in wavelet case, dissimilarity map (DM) estimation at long last, the dissected 3D scene age.
Point Biserial Correlated Feature Selection of Weather Data
Authors:   Department of Computer Science, Noorul Islam Centre for Higher Education, Kumaracoil , Tamil Nadu, India., S.B Pooja , Balan R.V Siva ,   Department of MCA, Noorul Islam Centre for Higher Education, Kumaracoil ,Tamil Nadu, India.
Published: August 2019

Big data is said to be huge amount of data. These data’s may be either structured or unstructured data. It is used for performing prediction in many fields and one among them is weather forecasting. Many feature selection techniques has been introduced but all these techniques failed to get accurate result. In order to improve weather prediction with less complexity, a Point Biserial Correlated Feature Selection (PBCFS) technique is introduced. The big weather dataset comprises the ‘n’ numbers of features. Initially, the PBCFS technique uses a point biserial correlation coefficient to determine relevant feature or irrelevant features among the several features. These relevant features which is selected with the help of this feature selection method can be used for clustering, classification or any other method to perform prediction. The polytomous (i.e. different classes) regression function analyzes the input data with the selected features to provide the significant results as output. Experimental evaluation of proposed PBCFS technique and existing methods are carried out using a big weather dataset. The result shows that we get the output with high feature selection accuracy.
Tracking of Blood Movement in the Heart using Elongated Horizontal Large Diamond Search Pattern and Optical Flow Technique for Enabling the Detection of Atrial Septal Defect
Authors:   MIT College of Engineering, Pune, India., Annadate Prof. Mrunal Ninad , Nagmode Dr. Manoj ,   Government College of Engineering & Research, Avasari (Khurd),India.
Published: August 2019

In major congenital heart ailments comes Atrial Septal Defect (ASD). Many techniques viz. ECG, MRI, Ultrasound etc., are in use to detect ASD. Performance of heart is analyzed by the Doctors through test results or observations of heart Ultrasound. In this research work it is proved that the disorder ASD is detected using the technique of block matching and optical flow. These algorithms enables the doctors or experts to detect ASD automatically and hence reduces the dependency on humans. This paper proposes a new Elongated Horizontal Large Diamond Search Pattern (EHLDSP) and Optical Flow algorithm for detection of ASD based on MV. Experimentation was carried out on A4C view of 2D Echo Cardiogram, collected form the hospitals as well as from open available database. Ground truth image is used by the cardiologist to compare the results. In this paper, performance of the proposed Elongated Horizontal Large Diamond Search Pattern (EHLDSP) method is compared with other techniques on the basis of cost functions like PSNR and computation complexity. EHLDSP algorithm is used to check the pixel movements and to calculate Motion Vector (MV), followed by the estimation of the displacement of blood cells from either right to left or vice versa. This will help in the reduction of dependency on specialized doctors or human factor can be reduced. For automatic detection of abnormality, research is going on in this area to make it fast and accurate. Proposed algorithm reduces the average computation by providing speed improvements of about 91% over FS/ES and about 6% over existing DS. Also, EHLDSP has shown improvements in the PSNR value in comparison with other methods.
Integrated SURF and Spatial Augmented Color Feature Based Bovw Model with Svm for Image Classification
Authors:   Department of ECE, Velagapudi Ramakrishna Siddhartha Engineering College, Vijayawada, India., Soniya M. , Suhasini Pallikonda Sarah ,   Associate Professor, Department of ECE, Velagapudi Ramakrishna Siddhartha Engineering College,  Vijayawada, India.
Published: August 2019

In this paper, Bag-of-visual-words (BoVW) model with Speed up robust features (SURF) and spatial augmented color features for image classification is proposed. In BOVW model image is designated as vector of features occurrence count. This model ignores spatial information amongst patches, and SURF Feature descriptor is relevant to gray images only. As spatial layout of the extracted feature is important and color is a vital feature for image recognition, in this paper local color layout feature is augmented with SURF feature. Feature space is quantized using K-means clustering for feature reduction in constructing visual vocabulary. Histogram of visual word occurrence is then obtained which is applied to multiclass SVM classifier. Experimental results show that accuracy is improved with the proposed method.
Vision Based Driver Alertness System for Lane Detection
Authors:   Department of Electronics and Telecommunication, Sinhgad College of Engineering, Pune, Maharashtra, Ganage* D. G. , Nikam N. S. ,   Department of Electronics and Telecommunication, Sinhgad College of Engineering, Pune, Maharashtra, Wagh S. A. ,   Department of Electronics and Telecommunication, Sinhgad Institute of Technology & Science, Pune, Maharashtra
Published: August 2019

This paper presents lane detection used by IP camera. By using the Haugh transform, the lane is detected and gives the notification to the driver. It is also gives the left and right lane marking. In preprocessing, Gaussian filter is apply for smoothing and Canny edge detection method is used as it gives better response than the Sobel, Robert and Marr-Hildreth. Firstly, detect the red edge as left side lane and yellow edge which is for right side lane. The line sharpening is carried out with masking operation. The masking of the image for lane defines the threshold values specifically for Hue, Saturation, and Value (HSV). HSV values are different for red and yellow lane detection. Indication of direction needs to find the vanishing point, and the points are found by using cross product. This paper present display an overview of Hough Transform (HT) calculation as well as utilize it on a path location framework, whereas automobile and mechanical automaton depends upon MATLAB. This paper utilized Internet Protocol (IP) based driving path location framework to accomplish the objective of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). This system is used in car for driverless system.
Effect of Externally Applied Transverse Magnetic Field on Unsteady Flow of Blood in Tapered Stenosed Artery
Authors:   Department of Applied Science, Symbiosis Institute of Technology (SIT), Symbiosis International University (SIU), Lavale, Pune - 412 115, Maharashtra State, India, Veena B. S.
Published: August 2019

The role of flow parameters of blood is very important in maintaining proper functioning of heart and in turn health body. Herschel–Bulkley fluid model is used for the proposed one-fluid blood flow model. The behavior of important blood flow characteristics wall shear stress, volumetric flow rate and axial velocity of the flow in tapered mild stenosed artery in the presence of externally applied transverse magnetic field is studied. A combination of analytical and numerical methods is used to solve the mathematical model of the system. We report the importance constant/variable viscosity of blood on unsteady flow in the proposed artery. Numerical results are reported for different values of the physical parameters of interest. It is observed with the help of graphs, that the flow characteristics wall shear stress, volumetric flow rate and axial velocity are affected in tapered stenosed artery and flow can be regulated with the help externally applied transverse magnetic field.