bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of consumer advertising in B-to-B products
Authors: Γιακουμάκη Χριστίνα
Published: July 2014

Αυτή η διατριβή εξετάζει την επίδραση της καταναλωτικής διαφήμισης στην ζήτηση βιομηχανικών προϊόντων. Ο ρόλος της καταναλωτικής διαφήμισης στην δημιουργία και διατήρηση της ζήτησης καταναλωτικών προϊόντων έχει προσελκύσει τεράστιο ενδιαφέρον στην βιβλιογραφία του Μάρκετινγκ. Αντίθετα, ο ρόλος της καταναλωτικής διαφήμισης στις βιομηχανικές αγορές παραμένει παραμένει ένα παραμελημένο θέμα, παρά τη σημασία του για τη θεωρία και την πρακτική του βιομηχανικού μάρκετινγκ. Η ικανότητα της καταναλωτικής διαφήμισης να επηρεάσει τα βιομηχανικά προϊόντα και τους προμηθευτές τους με συγκεκριμένους τρόπους ( π.χ. ζήτηση, αντιλαμβανόμενη αξία) υποδεικνύεται από την υιοθέτηση στην πράξη τέτοιων επικοινωνιακών προγραμμάτων από βιομηχανικούς προμηθευτές και αποδεικνύεται από πολλές ιστορίες επιτυχίας που έχουν αναφερθεί στον οικονομικό τύπο. Το προφανές αυτό κενό στη βιβλιογραφία του μάρκετινγκ υπήρξε το εφαλτήριο για την εκπόνηση αυτής της διατριβής.Η μεθοδολογία της παρούσας έρευνας είναι η μικτή μέθοδος, αποτελούμενη από δύο ξεχωριστές, πλην αλληλένδετες έρευνες. Η πρώτη έρευνα είναι μια ποιοτική έρευνα, με τη μέθοδο της θεμελιωμένης θεωρίας και έχει σαν στόχο την ανάπτυξη μιας νέας θεωρίας. Εστιάζεται σε βιομηχανικά προϊόντα και υπηρεσίες που αποτελούν συστατικά ενσωματούμενα άμεσα ή έμμεσα, σε καταναλωτικά προϊόντα (αγαθά ή υπηρεσίες). Το αποτέλεσμα της πρώτης έρευνας είναι η ανάπτυξη μιας αξιόπιστης θεωρίας, η οποία εξηγεί το ρόλο της καταναλωτικής διαφήμισης στα B2Β προϊόντα. Η δεύτερη έρευνα είναι μια ποσοτική έρευνα με τη μέθοδο του πειράματος, που έχει σαν στόχο την επιβεβαίωση των ευρημάτων που έχουν προκύψει από την πρώτη έρευνα. Αποτελείται δε από δύο πειράματα, στα οποία μία ανεξάρτητη μεταβλητή μεταβάλλεται προκειμένου να παρατηρηθούν οι επιπτώσεις των μεταβολών της στις εξαρτημένες μεταβλητές, επιτρέποντας έτσι τον εντοπισμό αιτιωδών σχέσεων υπό ελεγχόμενες συνθήκες. Το αποτέλεσμα αυτής της διατριβής είναι η δημιουργία και η εμπειρική επιβεβαίωση μιας θεωρίας, η οποία ανιχνεύει όλες τις σχετικές έννοιες, τις σχεσιακές επιδράσεις και αλληλεπιδράσεις, τις ιδιότητες και τις διαστάσεις τους, καθώς και ένα γενικό λειτουργικό μηχανισμό, ο οποίος λειτουργεί ως πρότυπο, ερμηνεύοντας όλες τις λειτουργίες που σχετίζονται με την καταναλωτική διαφήμιση βιομηχανικών προϊόντων, από τρεις οπτικές: από την οπτική του προμηθευτή βιομηχανικών προϊόντων, του βιομηχανικού πελάτη και του τελικού καταναλωτή. Η θεωρία ενσωματώνεται στην υπάρχουσα θεωρία του μάρκετινγκ χωρίς να αντιτίθεται σε προγενέστερη γνώση, αποτελώντας μία χρήσιμη προσθήκη, συνέχεια και βελτίωση στην ολοένα αναπτυσσόμενη και επεκτεινόμενη επιστήμη του Μάρκετινγκ.
Πολιτισμική ετερότητα στην πρωτοβάθμια εκπαίδευση
Authors: Μάνου Αγγελική
Published: July 2014

Σκοπός της παρούσας διατριβής είναι η διερεύνηση των απόψεων των εκπαιδευτικών αναφορικά με τη διαπολιτισμική συμβουλευτική στην πρωτοβάθμια εκπαίδευση και το ρόλο του εκπαιδευτικού στη διαμόρφωση της πολυπολιτισμικής σχολικής πραγματικότητας. Παρουσιάζονται αρχικά οι απόψεις της ερευνητικής κοινότητας, σε διεθνές και ελληνικό επίπεδο, σχετικά με τις έννοιες πολυπολιτισμικότητα και διαπολιτισμικότητα και η σχέση τους με την αγωγή και εκπαίδευση στη σχολική πρακτκή. Στο πλαίσιο αυτό αναλύονται τα μοντέλα εκπαίδευσης που υιοθέτησαν οι χώρες υποδοχής μεταναστών από τη δεκαετία του ’60 και επιχειρείται ιστορική προσέγγιση της διαπολιτισμικής εκπαίδευσης στις ΗΠΑ, Καναδά, Αυστραλία και στην Ευρώπη με τελικό σταθμό την Ελλάδα. Γίνεται σαφές ότι η συμβουλευτική ως θεσμός και ως λειτουργία αποτελεί αναγκαιότητα στο πλαίσιο του νέου πολυπολιτισμικού σχολείου στην Ελλάδα, προς την κατεύθυνση επίλυσης προβλημάτων – σχέσεων μεταξύ των μελών της εκπαιδευτικής κοινότητας, προβλημάτων προσαρμογής και προβλημάτων συμπεριφοράς. Γίνεται αναφορά στη διαπολιτισμική συμβουλευτική, η οποία προϋποθέτει κατανόηση του τρόπου σκέψης των άλλων πολιτισμών, σεβασμό και αποδοχή της ετερότητας, αποτελεσματικές σχέσεις με τον «άλλο», τον «διαφορετικό». Σήμερα καθίσταται όσο ποτέ αναγκαίο ο Έλληνας εκπαιδευτικός να αποκτήσει ρόλο συμβουλευτικό, προσανατολισμένο στην πολυπολιτισμικότητα με επιστημονικά θεμελιωμένες γνώσεις. Το ερώτημα που γεννάται είναι κατά πόσο ο Έλληνας εκπαιδευτικός μπορεί να απεγκλωβιστεί από στερεότυπα και προκαταλήψεις, ώστε να υιοθετήσει μεθόδους πολυπολιτισμικής σκέψης και πράξης. Στο πλαίσιο αυτού του προβληματισμού αναλύονται οι προσδοκίες που δημιουργούνται από τον πολυδιάστατο ρόλο του εκπαιδευτικού με τις αναπόφευκτες συγκρούσεις που ο ρόλος αυτός περικλείει και επισημαίνονται τα αίτια που αποτελούν εμπόδιο στην επικοινωνία μέσα στην εκπαιδευτική κοινότητα. Η έρευνα, που διεξήχθη στο νομό Αττικής, σε εκπαιδευτικούς της πρωτοβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης, μας οδήγησε στα εξής ευρήματα: α) οι εκπαιδευτικοί αναγνωρίζουν την ανάπτυξη διαπολιτισμικής συνείδησης ως έναν από τους στόχους της πρωτοβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης, β) εκφράζουν τη βεβαιότητα ότι δεν υπάρχει εξειδικευμένος φορέας συμβουλευτικής διαπολιτισμικής εκπαίδευσης, γ) θεωρούν τη συμβουλευτική απαραίτητη δράση της παιδαγωγικής διαδικασίας, για την άσκηση της οποίας απαιτείται ειδικός σύμβουλος παιδαγωγός, δ) αναγνωρίζουν τη συνθετότητα του ρόλου τους – καλοί παιδαγωγοί, ουσιαστικοί σύμβουλοι, επικοινωνιακά επιδέξιοι, καταρτισμένοι σε όλα τα γνωστικά αντικείμενα, ε) παραδέχονται πως οι γνώσεις τους σε θέματα συμβουλευτικής και διαπολιτισμικής εκπαίδευσης είναι ελλιπείς, στ) κρίνουν αναγκαία την άσκηση της διαπολιτισμικής συμβουλευτικής στην πρωτοβάθμια εκπαίδευση, καθώς εισάγει καινούρια στοιχεία, θεωρώντας τον εκπαιδευτικό κύριο εκφραστή της. Τέλος, προτείνεται η ενίσχυση των επαγγελματικών εφοδίων των εκπαιδευτικών, μέσω επιμορφώσεων και συνεχιζόμενης εκπαίδευσης σε θέματα διαπολιτισμικής εκπαίδευσης και συμβουλευτικής, ώστε να μπορούν να ανταποκριθούν επάξια στον πολυδιάστατο ρόλο τους.
Professional Risks of Mining Industry in the Baikal Region
Authors: Тимофеева  , Timofeeva Svetlana , Мурзин  , Murzin M.
Published: July 2014

The paper studies labourconditions at mining enterprises of the Irkutsk region. Occupational risks have been calculated with three methods. According to questionnaire survey personal assessment of risks is 20-30% higher compared to objective assessment based on results of measurements of the industrial environment. Specific occupational risks per thousand tons of rock mass have been calculated; the highest specific risks are typical of professions: driller, miner, loading tractor driver, tip truck driver, bulldozer operator. The allowable length of work for these high-risk professions, calculated by dust load, ranges from 2 to 11 years; life expectancy reduce in health hazard conditions is 30 to 65 days per year. Mining enterprises in Irkutsk Region have been ranked in order of aggregated factors (specific occupational risk, reduced life expectancy according to the maximum length of the dust factor).
El Modelo de Precios Hedónicos en el Análisis Económico. Aplicación a Compras de Ganado en la Industria Cárnica
Authors: Depetris de Guiguet Edith , Rossini Gustavo
Published: July 2014

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar las características del modelo de precios hedónicos y evaluar su aplicación al caso de las compras de hacienda vacuna en dos frigoríficos exportadores santafesinos. La hipótesis general es que el precio pagado por los mismos refleja la suma del valor diferencial que la industria le asigna a cada una de las caracterísitcas físicas de los animales que componen las tropas compradas, así como de las condiciones de mercado donde se realizaron las transacciones. La función de precios hedónicos para cada empresa se estima por medio de regresiones multivariadas con variables explicativas continuas y categóricas. El ajuste logrado ha sido bastante bueno, la mayoría de los coeficientes son estadísticamente significativos y con los signos esperados.
Tributos Nacionales para los Pequeños Contribuyentes en Argentina (IVA Inscripto vs. Régimen Simplificado para Pequeños Contribuyentes)
Authors: Hauque Sergio Miguel , Hauque Diego Martín
Published: July 2014

El trabajo intenta determinar un camino racional para la decisión económica de encuadre en los tributos nacionales argentinso para los pequeños contribuyentes. Ante la aparición del Régimen Simplificado para Pequeños Contribuyentes en 1998, las ventajas y desventajas de cada una de las opciones posibles se tornaron harto complejas, por lo que el presente artículo intenta desarrollar un modelo para dicha decisión.El supuesto de objetivo del comportamiento empresario que subyace al modelo es el de maximización de beneficios absolutos, aunque también se analiza el comportamiento del beneficio relativo sobre costos totales que, en opinión delos autores, resulta un parámetro a tener en cuenta en la decisión del pequeño empresario.
Acerca de las Motivaciones Docentes en un Curso de Articulación de Niveles Educativos en Matemáticas
Authors: Marcipar Katz Susana
Published: July 2014

La cuestión de la motivación docente aparece como una de las problemáticas prioritarias en la agenda de las políticas educativas de los países centrales. En los estudios internacionales centrados en los desempeños docentes es persistente la observación de que pocos profesores están motivados para dar lo mejor de sí mismos, que mayoritariamente se sienten frustrados por las diversas obligaciones de sus prácticas docentes en los diferentes niveles educativos y que no se sienten incitados ni estimulados para emprender cambios o nuevos desafíos. Sin embargo, en Argentina, la dimensión motivación docente está ausente en las políticas públicas y es una de las áreas de vacancia en la producción científica educativa. En este trabajo se presentan los resultados obtenidos al indagarse las motivaciones de los cinco capacitadores que actuaron en los últimos seis cursos de formación y capacitación en matemática dirigidos a docentes del nivel medio, dictado en el marco del Programa de Articulación Disciplinar correspondiente a la Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL).
Vinculación entre las prácticas usuales del proceso de gestión, preparación y evaluación de proyectos públicos y conocimientos académicos que las sustentan.
Authors: Yori Ma. Victoria , Sobrero Francisco
Published: July 2014

El objetivo de este trabajo es determinar cuál es la relación entre los enfoques conceptuales correspondientes a las prácticas usuales de “Evaluación de Proyectos” y los conocimientos académicos que las sustentan. Para ello, se analizaron entrevistas realizadas a informantes calificados, formulaciones de Proyectos de Inversión Pública actuales, los programas de enseñanza de la disciplina, y la bibliografía más relevante. El resultado de este trabajo muestra que existen ciertos problemas en las prácticas de Evaluación de Proyecto que pueden llegar a atribuirse a la falta de conocimiento sobre el tema, originada por la ausencia de dichas temáticas en las Universidades.
Algunos Elementos de Técnica Normativa Aplicables a las Normas Contables Profesionales Argentinas
Authors: Di Russo de Hauque Leila , Hauque Sergio
Published: July 2014

El artículo analiza lo que los autores consideran los tres defectos principales de las normas contables profesionales argentinas desde el punto de vista de la técnica normativa: a) falta de separación entre los contenidos expositivos y los dispositivos en las resoluciones técnicas, b) falta de utilización de un ordenamiento sobre la base de artículos y de divisiones de nivel superior e inferior en los mismos y c) utilización inadecuada de ejemplos y enunciaciones no taxativas. El trabajo de investigación incluye una propuesta para reescribiruna norma contable profesional nacional concreta: la Resolución Técnica nº 16. Las conclusiones enfatizan la importancia de la utilización de las mejores prácticas de técnica normativa para la redacción de las normas contables profesionales para lograr mejores resultados en el proceso de su aplicación.
Investigación científica: El rezago en la educación superior: aportes para un abordaje a partir del caso de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas de la UNL
Authors: Canale Sandra , Pacífico Andrea , Pagura Fernanda
Published: July 2014

El estudio del rezago en las carreras universitarias ha generado una vasta literatura tanto para describirlo como para recrear líneas de acción con miras a su transformación. Este trabajo tiene dos objetivos: 1) caracterizar el rezago en el Ciclo de Formación Básica Común de las carreras de grado de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas de la Universidad Nacional del Litoral, identificando regularidades en su comportamiento y reconstruyendo los factores exógenos y endógenos que operan; 2) visibilizar las potencialidades de las metodologías cualitativas y cuantitativas utilizadas, en tanto permitieron alcanzar una profundización en la comprensión del fenómeno bajo estudio. Ambos objetivos se desarrollan en el marco de un proceso de mayor envergadura denominado “Autoevaluación de las Carreras de Grado de la FCE”.
Divulgación científica: Enfoque por competencias en la enseñanza superior. Breves reflexiones sobre la evaluación
Authors: Cámara Viviana , Alaniz Belkis , Nardoni Marta , Peralta Graciela
Published: July 2014

En la Universidad la evaluación de los aprendizajes constituye una problemática que actualmente sigue siendo una tarea pendiente. Los estudios innovadores sobre evaluación educativa tanto la evaluación formativa (Coll y Onrubia, 1999) como la evaluación auténtica (Trillo Alonso, 2005) y en particular la evaluación de competencias (Barberá, 2005) responden a una lógica educativa que se construye sobre evidencias y sus abordajes permiten trascender de los problemas métricos de rendimiento y de acreditación para acercarse a los objetivos formativos de aprendizaje y desarrollo. La evaluación auténtica propone una nueva forma de concebir los procesos de enseñanza, de aprendizaje y de evaluación. Todos estos sistemas plantean numerosos instrumentos- portafolios, proyectos, carpeta de evaluación; etc.- que son utilizados para exponer el nivel de progreso en los alumnos en determinadas habilidades cognitivas especí- ficas a una disciplina o bien valúan el desarrollo progresivo de competencias complejas, generales y/o profesionales. Las autoras, en este trabajo, presentan el diseño y los resultados obtenidos de la aplicación de un portafolio creado para obtener evidencias y vivencias de un grupo de estudiantes de la cátedra de Matemática Básica de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas de la Universidad Nacional del Litoral en una unidad disciplinar durante un período de tiempo y, a su vez, un análisis a priori de la factibilidad de aplicación del portafolio en el área de Matemática
El MERCOSUR y la Realidad Argentina 2006
Authors: Agramunt Luis Felipe
Published: July 2014

Argentina está creciendo fuertemente pero no logra trasladar similar tendencia a sus relaciones comerciales con el exterior. Su competitividad internacional, medida a partir de las capacidades de sus empresas para sostener o ganar mercados internacionales, no es similar a la de otros países del MERCOSUR y por el contrario pierde ventajas a medida que pasan los años. El proceso integrador del MERCOSUR no es causa de dicho debilitamiento sino que, por el contrario y como lo demuestra el desarrollo de otros países del bloque, puede ser un factor crítico para ayudar a mejorar la creación de comercio. Sin embargo, el bloque está sufriendo tensiones que le impiden crecer y consolidarse más y mejor a lo largo de los años. Esta situación afecta al país, ya que se le restan posibilidades de aprovechar dicha ventaja como lo supo hacer en las primeras etapas por medio del efecto de “desvío de comercio”. Los esfuerzos cotidianos de los hombres de negocios para hacer posible un MERCOSUR más fuerte y con menos tensiones, a partir de acciones continuas y permanentes, deben ser acompañados por acciones políticas en igual sentido y resolución pronta y justa de las tensiones internas
Comunicación y gestión de gobierno: el desafío de construir ciudadanía
Authors: Valsagna Andrea
Published: July 2014

En este artículo nos proponemos incorporar la mirada comunicacional al debate sobre las políticas públicas, la gestión de gobierno y la construcción de ciudadanía, siempre que entendamos que la comunicación lejos está de restringirse a la cuestión de los medios masivos (y menos aún al enfoque ligado al consumo y el marketing). La comunicación puede pensarse como la dimensión que aborda los procesos y las prácticas de producción y circulación de sentidos socialmente compartidos y, por tanto, como la posibilidad creativa de configurar nuevas formas de relacionalidad y nuevas modalidades de constitución de subjetividades.Es en esa relación de interlocución entre actores sociales donde se interpela a los sujetos, donde se definen las identidades, donde se reconoce un lugar/poder al otro. Es en las prácticas comunicacionales donde se conforma el sentido de una comunidad, donde circulan los imaginarios sobre la ciudad, donde se construyen las representaciones sociales sobre nuestro mundo así como susconflictos y tensiones.
Problemas y desafíos de las teorías y políticas del desarrollo regional en Argentina
Authors: Vigil José Ignacio
Published: July 2014

Este trabajo propone una intervención en el debate reciente sobre conceptos y políticas de desarrollo regional, y plantea una revisión crítica de los enfoques teóricos y políticos en Argentina.Se parte del hecho que en la última década han sido impulsadas en Argentina una serie de programas que han alentado las alianzas interempresarias e interinstitucionales a nivel regional y que han tenido por objetivo fomentar procesos de aglomeraciones productivas regionales compuestos fundamentalmente por redes de PyME manufactureras que deben aprovechar las ventajas competitivas de la proximidad para producir procesos de innovación colectiva y obtener mejores posiciones en los mercados internacionales (CEPAL, 2005; Kantis, 2005; Naclerio, 2010, 2013).
Fundamentos teóricos del Plan Estatal de Desarrollo de Oaxaca 2011-2016
Authors: Santiago Martínez Gisela
Published: July 2014

Una teoría es una explicación con bases racionales. Respecto a una situación específica, pueden existir una o más explicaciones, una o más teorías sin que, necesariamente, exista compatibilidad o contradicción entre ellas.Así, entonces, para el desarrollo de una región o de un país existen varias teorías que lo explican y que se evidencian en los textos correspondientes. Cuando los planificadores desean presentar las posibilidades de desarrollo de una región determinada, acuden a una o más las teorías existentes y, en base a ellas, proponen las acciones que deben ejecutarse. En muchos casos las teorías aparecen de manera explícita en los documentos. En otros casos están de manera implícita de forma tal que solamente quienes las conocen pueden identificarlas. En el caso del Plan de Oaxaca se alude al desarrollo sostenible, al desarrollo sustentable, al desarrollo regional equilibrado, al desarrollo rural, al desarrollo territorial, al desarrollo territorial interno, a los polos de desarrollo, al desarrollo por etapas, al desarrollo comunitario, al desarrollo económico y social y al desarrollo social y humano. Además, también, se alude a la sustentabilidad ambiental, a la perspectiva comunitaria y a la comunalidad. De la lectura del Plan queda la sensación de que, en su diseño, se trató de complacer a los diferentes grupos que durante las acciones para conformarlo reclamaron ser incluidos.
Intervalos de Referencia para Glaucemia y Uricemia en una Población de Mujeres Embarazadas
Authors: Nejman Norma , Crippa Cristina , Garay Sergio , Chiavassa Cristina , Leonardelli Raúl , Sinelli Marcela , Zalazar Fabián
Published: July 2014

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Biased and Unbiased Estimates Based on Laser Scans of Surfaces with Unknown Deformations
Authors: Holst Christoph , Artz Thomas , Kuhlmann Heiner
Published: July 2014

The estimates based on laser scans of surfaces with unknown deformations are biased and not reproducible when changing the scanning geometry. While the existence of a bias is only disadvantageous at some applications, non-reproducible estimates are never desired. Hence, this varying bias and its origin need to be investigated - since this situation has not been examined sufficiently in the literature. Analyzing this situation, the dependence of the estimation on the network configuration is highlighted: the network configuration - studied similarly to geodetic networks - rules about the impact of the deformation.

As pointed out, this impact can be altered by manipulating the network configuration. Therefore, several strategies are proposed. These include manipulations of the leastsquares adjustment as well as robust estimation. It is revealed that the reproducibility of the estimates can indeed be significantly increased by some of the proposed leastsquares manipulations. However, the bias can only be significantly reduced by robust estimation.
Evaluating soil, grape and wine composition in the Sopron Wine Region, Hungary
Authors: Németh Eszter , Horváth I. , Bidló A. , Hofmann T.
Published: July 2014

The Sopron Wine Region is one of the most significant and historical wineproducing regions in Hungary, with a total area of 4300 hectares, out of which 1800 hectares are used for grapevine cultivation. The aim of the present research was to carry out basic measurements for soil, grape and wine in the Sopron Wine Region to obtain preliminary results for future investigations.The demonstrated methods are suitable for the combined analysis of soils, grape berry and wine. It was established that there are differences between the composition of grape berry and wine of the selfsame vine cultivar in the investigated areas. The terroir effects of the Sopron Wine Region have not been studied as yet extensively, although there are several international studies in this field (e.g. Hugget, 2006; Csikász-Krizsics & Diófási, 2008; Fernández-Marín et al., 2013). By future measurements carried out on a large number of samples and with sophisticated multivariate statistical analysis the relationships between measured physical and chemical parameters can be evaluated in the region, providing basis for establishing terroir aspects.
Predicting soil nonaqueous phase liquid retention with pedotransfer functions
Authors: Hernádi Hilda , Makó A.
Published: July 2014

The obtained results of the present study showed the good applicability of the van Genuchten equation for parameterizing NAPL retention data of soils (R2 = 0.99).Sufficient applicability of continuous PTFs for estimating the parameters of NAPL retention curves was found (R2 for α, n and θs was 0.47, 0.84 and 0.86, respectively).The accuracy of parametric and point PTFs increased in case derived values of the independent variables in addition to the PSD (particle size distribution) fractions, bulk density, CaCO3 and organic matter content (R2 = 0.57–0.90 and RMSE = 2.43–5.67 vol%) were used, as compared to PTFs using only the original values of basic soil parameters as predictor variables (R2 = 0,48–0.86; RMSE = 3.56–6.83 vol%).According to the gained results, PTFs seem to be similarly accurate if the particle size distribution of soils — determined by different standard methods — are applied as independent variables.
Epitaxial growth of luminescent Sn-Cr doped β-Ga2O3 nanowires
Authors: Ramírez-Castellanos Julio , Peche-Herrero Margarita-Andrea , López Iñaki , Nogales Emilio , Méndez Bianchi , Piqueras Javier , González-Calbet José María
Published: July 2014

Elongated micro- and nanostructures of Sn doped or Sn and Cr co-doped monoclinic gallium oxide have been grown by a thermal method. The presence of Sn during growth has been shown to strongly influence the morphology of the resulting structures, including Sn doped branched wires, whips, and needles. Subsequent co-doping with Cr is achieved through thermal diffusion for photonic purposes. The formation mechanism of the branched structures has been studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Epitaxial growth has been demonstrated in some cases, revealed by a very high quality interface between the central rod and the branches of the structures, while in other cases, formation of extended defects such as twins has been observed in the interface region. Cathodoluminescence (CL) measurements show a Sn-related complex band in the Sn-doped structures. In the Sn−Cr co-doped samples, the characteristic, very intense Cr3+ red luminescence emission quenches the bands observed in the Sn doped samples. Branched, Sn−Cr co-doped structures were studied with microphotoluminescence imaging and spectroscopy, and waveguiding behavior was observed along the trunks and branches of these structures.
The relationship between posterior tibial slope and anterior cruciate ligament injury
Authors: Ristic Vladimir , Maljanovic Mirsad , Pericin Branislav , Harhaji Vladimir , Milankov Miroslav
Published: July 2014

Introduction. The aim of this study was to identify an increased posterior
tibial slope as a possible risk factor for anterior cruciate ligament injury.
Material and Methods. Sixty patients were divided into two groups (with and
without anterior cruciate ligament rupture). The posterior tibial slope on
the lateral and medial condyles was measured by sagittal magnetic resonance
imaging slices by means of computerized method using circles to determine
tibial axis. Results. The patients with anterior cruciate ligament rupture
had a statistically significantly (p=0.06) greater posterior tibial slope on
the lateral tibial condyle than the control group (6.68?:5.64?), and a
greater slope on the medial condyle (5.49?:4.67?) in comparison to the
patients with the intact anterior cruciate ligament. No significant
difference in the average values of angles was observed between males and
females with anterior cruciate ligament rupture, the average value being
6.23? in men and 5.84? in women on the lateral condyle, and 4.53? in men and
4.53? in women on the medial condyle. Discussion and Conclusion. A
statistically significant difference between the values of posterior tibial
slope was observed between the groups with and without anterior cruciate
ligament rupture, the sex having no affect on the value of the posterior
tibial slope. The method of measuring angles should be unique.
Reconstruction of full thickness abdominal wall defect following tumor resection: A case report
Authors: Kovacevic Predrag , Velickov Asen , Stojiljkovic Danilo , Velickov Aleksandra , Ceranic Zoran
Published: July 2014

Introduction. Reconstruction of a full thickness abdominal wall defect is a
demanding procedure for general and also for plastic surgeons, requiring
vigorous planning and reconstruction of three layers. Case Outline. We
present a case of a 70-year-old patient with a huge abdominal wall tumor with
40 years evolution. Surgery was performed under general anesthesia. Full
thickness abdominal defect appeared after the tumor resection. Reconstruction
followed in the same act. The defect was reconstructed using a combination of
techniques, including omental flap, fascia lata graft, local skin flaps and
skin grafts. After surgery no major complications were noted, only a partial
skin flap loss, which was repaired using partial thickness skin grafts. The
final result was described by the patient as very good, without hernia
formation. Conclusion. Omenthoplasty, abdominal wall reconstruction in
combination with free fascia lata graft and skin grafts can be one of good
options for the reconstruction of full thickness abdominal wall defects.
Technological Restrictions of Lightweight Lattice Structures Manufactured by Selective Laser Melting of Metals
Authors: Królikowski Marcin , Grzesiak Dariusz
Published: July 2014

Selective Laser Melting technique is one of the additive manufacturing methods. The paper presents the summary of technological problems and restrictions resulting in the production of lightweight lattice structures by this technique. All the cases applies to the device SLM Realizer II 250 running the software Controler for Realizer SLM/STL.
Case study: Gold road to Open Access in research publishing domain - experience of Institute of Chemical Technology Prague from the pilot project
Authors: Jirát Jiří
Published: July 2014

Elektronické informační zdroje (e-časopisy, e-knihy, databáze) patří mezi základní nepostradatelné pilíře výzkumu a vývoje, ČR za nř plánuje vy-dat v letech 2013-2017/8 přes 3 mld. Kč. Současně však celosvětově do-chází k velké diskusi a posunům v oblasti odborného publikování směrem k tzv. otevřenému přístupu (Open Access). Zejména Evropská unie v následujících letech silně podpoří Open Access v oblasti odborného publikování (finanční podporou i donucením v rámci pravidel nových programů). Jaké praktické důsledky to bude mít pro výzkumné institu-ce v oblasti chemie, je ukázáno na příkladu pilotního projektu VŠCHT Praha. Analýza vyhodnocuje, jak jsou jednotlivé možnosti Open Access blízké zvyklostem autorů v oblasti chemie. Vyplývá z ní, že autoři zatím jednoznačně preferují tzv. zlatou cestu (gold Open Access). Výsledky pilotního projektu naznačují vhodnost centralizace podpory zlaté cesty Open Access na národní úrovni.
The Mesoproterozoic ‘seismite’ at Laiyuan (Hebei Province, E China) re-interpreted
Authors: Loon A.J. (Tom) Van
Published: July 2014

A 1-million m3 breccia near Laiyuan (Hebei Province, E China) occurs as a block-like lithological unit between dolo-stones of the 1.55-1.45 Ga (Early Mesoproterozoic) Wumishan Formation. It has previously been interpreted as a seismite, but it appears not to fulfil any of the commonly accepted criteria that jointly are considered diagnostic for seis-mites. Its presence in a graben-like structure with almost vertical bounding fault planes rather indicates an origin as a (submarine) valley fill. As the valley originated by tectonic activity in the form of faulting, the breccia can be considered as a secondary effect of seismic activity, but it does not represent a seismite.
Public Opinion, Traffic Performance, the Environment, and Safety after Construction of Double-Lane Roundabouts
Authors: Hu Wen , McCartt Anne T. , Jermakian Jessica S. , Mandavilli Srinivas
Published: July 2014

This study evaluated the impact of double-lane roundabout conversions on public attitudes, traffic performance, the environment, and safety at two intersections near Bellingham, Washington, and evaluated whether older drivers avoided the roundabouts by taking an alternative route. Driver support for the roundabouts increased from 34% before construction to 70% at 1 year after construction. At 1 year after construction, more than 40% of drivers did not believe the signs and pavement markings adequately conveyed information about appropriate speeds, right-of-way rules, and navigation of the roundabouts in the presence of large trucks. After other roadway changes were accounted for, substantial declines in the delays and queue lengths on minor roads, the proportion of queued vehicles, fuel consumption, and vehicle emissions were attributed to the roundabout conversions. Analyses of crash rates per million entering vehicles found that the roundabout conversions were associated with reduced rates of injury and fatal crashes combined and increased rates of property-damage-only crashes. Only the increase in the property-damage-only crash rate at one roundabout was significant. The odds that drivers age 70 years and older traveled the study corridor instead of an alternative route after the roundabout conversions were 0.32 times the odds before the conversions. These findings are generally consistent with prior research finding substantial traffic, environmental, and injury reduction benefits of single-lane roundabouts. However, the greater complexity of double-lane roundabouts may present challenges, as some confusion persisted 1 year after construction, evidence that some older drivers may have taken an alternative route to avoid them was found, and the rates of property-damage-only crashes increased.
“It Br
o
ke O
u
r H
ea
rts”: Understanding Parents’ Lived Experiences of Their Child’s Admission to an Acute Mental Health Care Facility
Authors: Ward Louise , Gwinner Karleen
Published: July 2014

This article reports the evaluative findings of an Early Psychosis Education Program (EPEP) designed to support parents caring for their child who was recently admitted to the psychiatric intensive care unit of an inpatient mental health care facility in Australia. The EPEP offered education on mental illness, treatment options, and medication, as well as information on the recovery model of care. The EPEP was facilitated by two RNs and was evaluated for educational effectiveness using a simple pre- and postevaluation questionnaire. The evaluation revealed two themes expressed by parents: “We didn’t see it coming,” and “Hopelessness and helplessness.” The themes highlighted the parents’ lack of mental health care knowledge prior to the EPEP, which had a significant impact on the parents’ experiences and well-being. The evaluative findings highlighted a need for a nurse-led EPEP within the community. A community EPEP has the potential to strengthen the partnership between parents, families, and mental health service providers and to help with the provision of a recovery framework of care. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 52
(7), 24–29.]
Down the Hatch: Is Prescribing Medication Really That Simple?
Authors: Howland Robert H.
Published: July 2014

Drug absorption and metabolism is influenced by age, sex, pharmacogenetic variability, medical comorbidity, concurrent drug use, drug formulation, and route of administration. Drug dissolution typically begins in the stomach, but absorption occurs mainly in the small intestine. Malabsorption syndromes, previous gastrointestinal (GI) surgery, or decreased GI blood flow impair or delay the absorption of orally administered drugs. Decreased drug absorption can occur with certain gastric bypass procedures when the stomach or proximal small intestine is an important absorption site. Drugs undergoing extensive first-pass hepatic metabolism can have increased concentrations and greater systemic effects when administered directly into the jejunum. Non-oral routes of drug administration ordinarily bypass first-pass hepatic metabolism, leading to greater bioavailability and higher concentrations compared with oral administration of the same dose. Metabolic activity is variably reduced with increased age or liver disease severity, but declines in liver function cannot be quantified to determine drug metabolizing capacity. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 52
(7), 13–16.]
Comparison of amendment with distillers’ grain versus urea on crop yield and nutrient uptake in a canola-wheat rotation in southern Saskatchewan
Authors: Alotaibi Khaled D. , Schoenau Jeff J.
Published: July 2014

Alotaibi, K. D. and Schoenau, J. J. 2014. Comparison of amendment with distillers’ grain versus urea on crop yield and nutrient uptake in a canola-wheat rotation in southern Saskatchewan. Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 1513–1517. A surplus of distillers’ grain resulting from rapid expansion in biofuel production has led to interest in finding alternative uses for this co-product, apart from its traditional use as an animal feed. Land application to agricultural soil in order to recycle the nutrients is one potential use. In this study we evaluated the effect of a single application of wet wheat distillers’ grain (WDG) on crop yield and nitrogen and phosphorus uptake in a 3-yr canola–wheat–canola rotation in southern Saskatchewan. The experimental treatments included a single application of WDG at a rate of 100 kg N ha−1 in comparison to urea applied at the same rate of N along with an unfertilized control. In the first year, WDG produced a canola yield of 1266 kg ha−1, which was significantly greater than the urea treatment. The WDG treatment resulted in increased plant N uptake that was 59% greater than the control, but was 20% less than that observed in the urea treatment, indicating that only a portion of the applied N in the WDG was available for recovery. Greater yield of WDG may be due to factors other than N. Both WDG and urea treatments had a significant effect on plant P uptake in the first year. The residual effect of WDG addition on crop parameters in the second and third years was mainly limited to enhancement of plant P uptake in second year. Overall, the WDG applied at the same rate of N was at least as effective as urea for increasing crop yield.
Effect of phosphate rock on the solubility of heavy metals in soils saturated with industrial wastewater
Authors: Irshad Muhammad , Khan Rahat Ullah , Jadoon Saima , Hassan Amjad , Eneji A. Egrinya
Published: July 2014

Irshad, M., Khan, R. U., Jadoon, S., Hassan, A. and Egrinya Eneji, A. 2014. Effect of phosphate rock on the solubility of heavy metals in soils saturated with industrial wastewater. Can. J. Soil Sci. 94: 543–549. An in situ technology for immobilizing metals in polluted soils could be a more effective approach to managing their toxicity to the environment, especially plants. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of milled phosphate rock (PR) on the sorption of Ni, Cd and Cu ions in differently textured soils polluted with industrial wastewater. For this purpose, soils were mixed with two particle size fractions (0.2 mm and 1 mm) of PR material. Each material was applied at the rate of 0, 2.5 and 5%. Results showed that PR amendment reduced the solubilization of heavy metals in the order sandy clay loam>sandy loam>loamy sand. Metal concentrations in soils saturated with industrial wastewater were in the order Ni>Cd>Cu. Solubilization of metal ions in soils also reduced with the increase in the amount of rock phosphate added. This occurred more with the finer PR fraction. The concentrations of heavy metals in soils varied directly with their respective concentrations in the wastewater. Saturating soil with wastewater for a longer time increased the solubility of heavy metals. The adsorptive capacity of heavy metals from the respective aqueous solution also increased with increasing shaking time. The finer PR particles better enhanced the sorption capacity of heavy metals. This study indicated that the retention of heavy metals by PR mineral in contaminated soils may reduce the contamination risk in surface and subsurface waters.
Ectomycorrhizal status of a mature productive black truffle plantation
Authors: Águeda B. , Fernández-Toirán L. M. , De Miguel A. M. , Martínez-Peña F.
Published: July 2014

The truffle-plantation “Los Quejigares” was planted in 1971 by AROTZ-CATESA company. It is a 600 ha plot of Quercus ilex mycorrhizated with Tuber melanosporum at 1250 m a.s.l. on calcareous soil. This plantation is the largest of the world and one of the eldest truffle-plantations of Spain and it is in full production. Knowledge of the mycorrhizal status of a mature black truffle plantation is significant for the improvement of truffle cultivation. Ectomycorrhizae were studied for knowing T. melanosporum persistence and diversity and abundance of other ectomycorrhizal types. Roots of 16 holmoaks were sampled, 12 trees produce truffle sporocarps and four did not. It was found a mean of about 70% of T. melanosporum ectomycorrhizae in all the studied trees, independently of their capacity to produce or not sporocarps. Also, 105 more different ectomycorrhizal types were found. In spite of the high number of morphotypes found, it seems that they do not replace T. melanosporum, showing that there is a coexistence between species in the fungal community associated to the roots.
Researchers Offer Strategies to Build Community‐Driven Research in Nordic Region
Authors: Lukes Laura A. , Fleming‐Sharp Laura , Fugmann Gerlis
Published: July 2014

More effective incorporation of traditional knowledge into Arctic research, as well as better communication between northern residents and researchers, is crucial to understanding the Arctic and the changes it is experiencing. Furthermore, training opportunities for Arctic researchers in how to approach indigenous peoples, work with local experts, and incorporate traditional knowledge successfully and respectfully into research projects is essential.
Gypsogenin Derivatives: An Unexpected Class of Inhibitors of Cholinesterases
Authors: Heller Lucie , Schwarz Stefan , Weber Björn A. , Csuk René
Published: July 2014

Gypsogenin (1) was obtained by acidic hydrolysis from its saponin. While the parent compound 1 acted as a selective inhibitor for butyrylcholinesterase (from equus) possessing a moderate mixed‐type inhibition of the enzyme, Ki values as low as 2.67 ± 0.59 μM were determined for (3β,4α) 3‐O‐acetyl‐olean‐12‐ene‐23,28‐dinitrile (11) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE, from electric eel). Thus, 11 possesses one‐fifth of the inhibitory activity of the “gold standard” galantamine hydrobromide; this compound is one of the first pentacyclic triterpenoids described as a potent AChE‐selective inhibitor.
General Facile Approach to Transition‐Metal Oxides with Highly Uniform Mesoporosity and Their Application as Adsorbents for Heavy‐Metal‐Ion Sequestration
Authors: Seisenbaeva Gulaim A. , Daniel Geoffrey , Kessler Vadim G. , Nedelec Jean‐Marie
Published: July 2014

Mesoporous powders of transition‐metal oxides, TiO2, ZrO2, HfO2, Nb2O5, and Ta2O5, pure from organic impurities were produced by a rapid single‐step thermohydrolytic approach. The obtained materials display an impressively large active surface area and sharp pore‐size distribution, being composed of partially coalesced uniform nanoparticles with crystalline cores and amorphous shells. They reveal extremely high adsorption capacity in removal of CrVI anions from solutions (25.8 for TiO2, 73.0 for ZrO2, and 74.7 mg g−1 for Nb2O5 in relation to the Cr2O72− anion), making them very attractive as adsorbents in water remediation applications. The difference in adsorption capacities for the studied oxides may be explained by variation in surface hydration and surface‐charge distribution.
Nanostructured Manganese Oxides as Highly Active Water Oxidation Catalysts: A Boost from Manganese Precursor Chemistry
Authors: Menezes Prashanth W. , Indra Arindam , Littlewood Patrick , Schwarze Michael , Göbel Caren , Schomäcker Reinhard , Driess Matthias
Published: July 2014

We present a facile synthesis of bioinspired manganese oxides for chemical and photocatalytic water oxidation, starting from a reliable and versatile manganese(II) oxalate single‐source precursor (SSP) accessible through an inverse micellar molecular approach. Strikingly, thermal decomposition of the latter precursor in various environments (air, nitrogen, and vacuum) led to the three different mineral phases of bixbyite (Mn2O3), hausmannite (Mn3O4), and manganosite (MnO). Initial chemical water oxidation experiments using ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) gave the maximum catalytic activity for Mn2O3 and MnO whereas Mn3O4 had a limited activity. The substantial increase in the catalytic activity of MnO in chemical water oxidation was demonstrated by the fact that a phase transformation occurs at the surface from nanocrystalline MnO into an amorphous MnOx (1<x<2) upon treatment with CAN, which acted as an oxidizing agent. Photocatalytic water oxidation in the presence of [Ru(bpy)3]2+ (bpy=2,2′‐bipyridine) as a sensitizer and peroxodisulfate as an electron acceptor was carried out for all three manganese oxides including the newly formed amorphous MnOx. Both Mn2O3 and the amorphous MnOx exhibit tremendous enhancement in oxygen evolution during photocatalysis and are much higher in comparison to so far known bioinspired manganese oxides and calcium–manganese oxides. Also, for the first time, a new approach for the representation of activities of water oxidation catalysts has been proposed by determining the amount of accessible manganese centers.
Single Oil Drop Electrochemistry on a Screen‐Printed Electrode Surface
Authors: Oliveira Etienne S. , Fiorito Pablo A. , Suffredini H. B.
Published: July 2014

The use of a contaminated single oil drop on a screen‐printed carbon electrode is described for the first time here. The simple methodology developed herein opens the possibility of conducting such measurements. R‐(+)‐limonene oil, some samples of which were contaminated with 4‐nitrophenol (4‐NP), was used as the oil phase, and BrittonRobinson (BR) buffer was used as the aqueous phase. An oxidation peak at approximately 0.8 V vs. Ag was obtained when the system comprised an oil/water interface. The charge transfer resistance decreased by a factor of approximately 7.1 when an interfacial system composed of two immiscible liquids was used as an electrochemical tool.
A Convenience Yield Approximation Model for Mean‐Reverting Commodities
Authors: Dockner Engelbert J. , Eksi Zehra , Rammerstorfer Margarethe
Published: July 2014

Standard option‐based approximations for convenience yields make use of the assumption that commodity spot prices follow a geometric Brownian motion. While there is some empirical support for this assumption, prices of a wide variety of (agricultural) commodities mean revert. Using a mean‐reverting spot price process we derive a novel convenience yield approximation analytically. It corresponds to the difference between the present values of two floating‐strike Asian options written on the spot and the futures prices, respectively. Using natural gas spot and futures price data from four different trading locations, we compare convenience yield estimates derived from existing approximations to those of our new measure. We find that convenience yield estimates vary substantially across approximation methods and that differences can be attributed to the cost of carry and the moneyness of the options. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 35:625–654, 2015
Coupled‐cluster frozen‐density embedding using resolution of the identity methods
Authors: Höfener Sebastian
Published: July 2014

Frozen‐density embedding (FDE) is combined with resolution of the identity (RI) Hartree–Fock and a RI‐variant of a second‐order approximate coupled‐cluster singles and doubles (RI‐CC2) to determine solvatochromic shifts for the lowest excitation energy of acetone and pyridazine, respectively, each solvated in different environments with total system sizes of about 2.5 nm diameter. The combination of FDE and RI‐CC2 increases efficiency and enables the calculation of numerous snapshots with 100 to 300 molecules, also allowing for larger basis sets as well as diffuse functions needed for an accurate treatment of properties. The maximum errors in the solvatochromic shifts amount up to 0.2 eV, which are similar to other approximated studies in the literature. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Signaling added response‐independent reinforcement to assess Pavlovian processes in resistance to change and relapse
Authors: Podlesnik Christopher A. , Fleet James D.
Published: July 2014

Behavioral momentum theory asserts Pavlovian stimulus–reinforcer relations govern the persistence of operant behavior. Specifically, resistance to conditions of disruption (e.g., extinction, satiation) reflects the relation between discriminative stimuli and the prevailing reinforcement conditions. The present study assessed whether Pavlovian stimulus–reinforcer relations govern resistance to disruption in pigeons by arranging both response‐dependent and ‐independent food reinforcers in two components of a multiple schedule. In one component, discrete‐stimulus changes preceded response‐independent reinforcers, paralleling methods that reduce Pavlovian conditioned responding to contextual stimuli. Compared to the control component with no added stimuli preceding response‐independent reinforcement, response rates increased as discrete‐stimulus duration increased (0, 5, 10, and 15 s) across conditions. Although resistance to extinction decreased as stimulus duration increased in the component with the added discrete stimulus, further tests revealed no effect of discrete stimuli, including other disrupters (presession food, intercomponent food, modified extinction) and reinstatement designed to control for generalization decrement. These findings call into question a straightforward conception that the stimulus–reinforcer relations governing resistance to disruption reflect the same processes as Pavlovian conditioning, as asserted by behavioral momentum theory.