bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
From bench to bedside: trends in National Institutes of Health funding for neurosurgeons from 1991 to 2015
Authors: Jahangiri Arman , Flanigan Patrick M. , Arnush Maxine , Chandra Ankush , Rick Jonathan W. , Choi Sarah , Chou Alvin , Berger Mitchel S. , Aghi Manish K.
Published: August 2019

OBJECTIVE

Neurosurgeons play an important role in advancing medicine through research, the funding of which is historically linked to the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The authors defined variables associated with neurosurgical NIH funding, prevalence of funded topics by neurosurgical subspecialty, and temporal trends in NIH neurosurgical funding.

METHODS

The authors conducted a retrospective review of NIH-funded American Association of Neurological Surgeons members using NIH RePORTER (http://report.nih.gov/) for the years 1991–2015.

RESULTS

The authors followed 6515 neurosurgeons from 1991 to 2015, including 6107 (94%) non–MD-PhD physicians and 408 (6%) MD-PhDs. NIH grants were awarded to 393 (6%) neurosurgeons, with 23.2% of all first-time grants awarded to the top 5 funded institutions. The average total funded grant-years per funded neurosurgeon was 12.5 (range 1–85 grant-years). A higher percentage of MD-PhDs were NIH funded than MDs (22% [n = 91] vs 5% [n = 297], p < 0.0001). The most common grants awarded were R01 (128, 33%), K08 (69, 18%), F32 (60, 15%), M01 (50, 13%), and R21 (39, 10%). F32 and K08 recipients were 9-fold (18% vs 2%, p < 0.001) and 19-fold (38% vs 2%, p < 0.001) more likely to procure an R01 and procured R01 funding earlier in their careers (F32: 7 vs 12 years after residency, p = 0.03; K08: 9 vs 12 years, p = 0.01). Each year, the number of neurosurgeons with active grants linearly increased by 2.2 (R2 = 0.81, p < 0.001), whereas the number of total active grants run by neurosurgeons increased at nearly twice the rate (4.0 grants/year) (R2 = 0.91, p < 0.001). Of NIH-funded neurosurgical grants, 33 (9%) transitioned to funded clinical trial(s). Funded neurosurgical subspecialties included neuro-oncology (33%), functional/epilepsy (32%), cerebrovascular (17%), trauma (10%), and spine (6%). Finally, the authors modeled trends in the number of active training grants and found a linear increase in active R01s (R2 = 0.95, p < 0.001); however, both F32 (R2 = 0.36, p = 0.01) and K08 (R2 = 0.67, p < 0.001) funding had a significant parabolic rise and fall centered around 2003.

CONCLUSIONS

The authors observed an upward trend in R01s awarded to neurosurgeons during the last quarter century. However, their findings of decreased K08 and F32 training grant funding to neurosurgeons and the impact of these training grants on the ultimate success and time to success for neurosurgeons seeking R01 funding suggests that this upward trend in R01 funding for neurosurgeons will be difficult to maintain. The authors’ work underscores the importance of continued selection and mentorship of neurosurgeons capable of impacting patient care through research, including the MD-PhDs, who are noted to be more represented among NIH-funded neurosurgeons.
Undiagnosed obstructive sleep apnea as a predictor of 30-day readmission for brain tumor patients
Authors: Caplan Ian F. , Glauser Gregory , Goodrich Stephen , Chen H. Isaac , Lucas Timothy H. , Lee John Y. K. , McClintock Scott D. , Malhotra Neil R.
Published: August 2019

OBJECTIVE

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is known to be associated with negative outcomes and is underdiagnosed. The STOP-Bang questionnaire is a screening tool for OSA that has been validated in both medical and surgical populations. Given that readmission after surgical intervention is an undesirable event, the authors sought to investigate, among patients not previously diagnosed with OSA, the capacity of the STOP-Bang questionnaire to predict 30-day readmissions following craniotomy for a supratentorial neoplasm.

METHODS

For patients undergoing craniotomy for treatment of a supratentorial neoplasm within a multiple-hospital academic medical center, data were captured in a prospective manner via the Neurosurgery Quality Improvement Initiative (NQII) EpiLog tool. Data were collected over a 1-year period for all supratentorial craniotomy cases. An additional criterion for study inclusion was that the patient was alive at 30 postoperative days. Statistical analysis consisted of simple logistic regression, which assessed the ability of the STOP-Bang questionnaire and additional variables to effectively predict outcomes such as 30-day readmission, 30-day emergency department (ED) visit, and 30-day reoperation. The C-statistic was used to represent the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, which analyzes the discrimination of a variable or model.

RESULTS

Included in the sample were all admissions for supratentorial neoplasms treated with craniotomy (352 patients), 49.72% (n = 175) of which were female. The average STOP-Bang score was 1.91 ± 1.22 (range 0–7). A 1-unit higher STOP-Bang score accurately predicted 30-day readmissions (OR 1.31, p = 0.017) and 30-day ED visits (OR 1.36, p = 0.016) with fair accuracy as confirmed by the ROC curve (C-statistic 0.60–0.61). The STOP-Bang questionnaire did not correlate with 30-day reoperation (p = 0.805) or home discharge (p = 0.315).

CONCLUSIONS

The results of this study suggest that undiagnosed OSA, as assessed via the STOP-Bang questionnaire, is a significant predictor of patient health status and readmission risk in the brain tumor craniotomy population. Further investigations should be undertaken to apply this prediction tool in order to enhance postoperative patient care to reduce the need for unplanned readmissions.
Convection-enhanced delivery of botulinum toxin serotype A into the nonhuman primate cisterna magna and hippocampus
Authors: Argersinger Davis P. , Walbridge Stuart , Wetjen Nicholas M. , Vortmeyer Alexander O. , Wu Tianxia , Butman John A. , Heiss John D.
Published: August 2019

OBJECTIVE

Botulinum toxin serotype A (BoNT/A) was reported to raise the seizure threshold when injected into the seizure focus of a kindled rodent model. Delivering BoNT/A to the nonhuman primate (NHP) central nervous system via convection-enhanced delivery (CED) has not been performed. The objective of this study was to determine the toxicity and distribution characteristics of CED of BoNT/A into the NHP hippocampus and cisterna magna.

METHODS

Escalating BoNT/A doses were delivered by CED into the NHP hippocampus (n = 4) and cisterna magna (n = 5) for behavioral and histological assessment and to determine the highest nonlethal dose (LD0) and median lethal dose (LD50). Hippocampal BoNT/A was coinfused with Gd-albumin, a surrogate MRI tracer. Gd-albumin and radioiodinated BoNT/A (125I-BoNT/A) were coinfused into the hippocampus of 3 additional NHPs to determine BoNT/A distribution by in vivo MRI and postmortem quantitative autoradiography. Scintillation counting of CSF assessed the flow of 125I-BoNT/A from the hippocampus to CSF postinfusion.

RESULTS

LD0 and LD50 were 4.2 and 18 ng/kg, and 5 and > 5 ng/kg for the NHP hippocampus and cisterna magna, respectively. Gd-albumin and 125I-BoNT/A completely perfused the hippocampus (155–234 mm3) in 4 of 7 NHPs. Fifteen percent of BoNT/A entered CSF after hippocampal infusion. The MRI distribution volume of coinfused Gd-albumin (VdMRI) was similar to the quantitative autoradiography distribution of 125I-BoNT/A (VdQAR) (mean VdMRI = 139.5 mm3 [n = 7]; VdQAR = 134.8 mm3 [n = 3]; r = 1.00, p < 0.0001). No infusion-related toxicity was identified histologically except that directly attributable to needle placement.

CONCLUSIONS

Gd-albumin accurately tracked BoNT/A distribution on MRI. BoNT/A did not produce CNS toxicity. BoNT/A LD0 exceeded 10-fold the dose administered safely to humans for cosmesis and dystonia.
Positional effect of preoperative neuronavigational magnetic resonance image on accuracy of posterior fossa lesion localization
Authors: Dho Yun-Sik , Kim Young Jae , Kim Kwang Gi , Hwang Sung Hwan , Kim Kyung Hyun , Kim Jin Wook , Kim Yong Hwy , Choi Seung Hong , Park Chul-Kee
Published: August 2019

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to analyze the positional effect of MRI on the accuracy of neuronavigational localization for posterior fossa (PF) lesions when the operation is performed with the patient in the prone position.

METHODS

Ten patients with PF tumors requiring surgery in the prone position were prospectively enrolled in the study. All patients underwent preoperative navigational MRI in both the supine and prone positions in a single session. Using simultaneous intraoperative registration of the supine and prone navigational MR images, the authors investigated the images’ accuracy, spatial deformity, and source of errors for PF lesions. Accuracy was determined in terms of differences in the ability of the supine and prone MR images to localize 64 test points in the PF by using a neuronavigation system. Spatial deformities were analyzed and visualized by in-house–developed software with a 3D reconstruction function and spatial calculation of the MRI data. To identify the source of differences, the authors investigated the accuracy of fiducial point localization in the supine and prone MR images after taking the surface anatomy and age factors into consideration.

RESULTS

Neuronavigational localization performed using prone MRI was more accurate for PF lesions than routine supine MRI prior to prone position surgery. Prone MRI more accurately localized 93.8% of the tested PF areas than supine MRI. The spatial deformities in the neuronavigation system calculated using the supine MRI tended to move in the posterior-superior direction from the actual anatomical landmarks. The average distance of the spatial differences between the prone and supine MR images was 6.3 mm. The spatial difference had a tendency to increase close to the midline. An older age (> 60 years) and fiducial markers adjacent to the cervical muscles were considered to contribute significantly to the source of differences in the positional effect of neuronavigation (p < 0.001 and p = 0.01, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS

This study demonstrated the superior accuracy of neuronavigational localization with prone-position MRI during prone-position surgery for PF lesions. The authors recommend that the scan position of the neuronavigational MRI be matched with the surgical position for more precise localization.
Identification of tumor stem-like cells in admanatimomatous craniopharyngioma and determination of these cells’ pathological significance
Authors: Wang Chao-hu , Qi Song-Tao , Fan Jun , Pan Jun , Peng Jun-Xiang , Nie Jing , Bao Yun , Liu Ya-Wei , Zhang Xi’an , Liu Yi
Published: August 2019

OBJECTIVE

Nuclear β-catenin, a hallmark of active canonical Wnt signaling, can be histologically detected in a subset of cells and cell clusters in up to 94% of adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP) samples. However, it is unclear whether nuclear β-catenin–containing cells within human ACPs possess the characteristics of tumor stem cells, and it is unknown what role these cells have in ACP.

METHODS

Primary ACP cells were cultured from 12 human ACP samples. Adamantinomatous CP stem cell–like cells (CSLCs) showing CD44 positivity were isolated from the cultured primary ACP cells by performing magnetic-activated cell sorting. The tumor sphere formation, cell cycle distribution, stemness marker expression, and multidifferentiation potential of the CD44− cells and the CSLCs were analyzed.

RESULTS

Compared with the CD44− cells, the cultured human CSLCs formed tumor spheres and expressed CD44 and CD133; moreover, these cells demonstrated nuclear translocation of β-catenin. In addition, the CSLCs demonstrated osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation capacities compared with the CD44− cells. The CSLCs also displayed the capacity for tumor initiation in human–mouse xenografts.

CONCLUSIONS

These results indicate that CSLCs play an important role in ACP development, calcification, and cystic degeneration.
Comparison of stent-assisted and no-stent coil embolization for safety and effectiveness in the treatment of ruptured intracranial aneurysms
Authors: Roh Haewon , Kim Junwon , Bae Heejin , Chong Kyuha , Kim Jong Hyun , Suh Sang-il , Kwon Taek-Hyun , Yoon Wonki
Published: August 2019

OBJECTIVE

The safety of the stent-assisted coil embolization (SAC) technique for acutely ruptured aneurysms has not been established yet. SAC is believed to be associated with a high risk of thromboembolic and hemorrhagic complications in acute subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the SAC technique in the setting of acutely ruptured aneurysm.

METHODS

A total of 102 patients who received endovascular treatment for acute SAH between January 2011 and December 2017 were enrolled. The SAC technique was performed in 38 of these patients, whereas the no-stent coil embolization (NSC) technique was performed in 64. The safety and efficacy of the SAC technique in acute SAH was evaluated as compared with the NSC technique by retrospective analysis of radiological and clinical outcomes.

RESULTS

There were no significant differences in clinical or angiographic outcomes between the SAC and NSC techniques in patients with acute SAH. The rate of ventriculostomy-related hemorrhagic complications was higher in the SAC group than that in the NSC group (63.6% vs 12.5%; OR 12.25, 95% CI 1.78–83.94, p = 0.01). However, all these complications were asymptomatic and so small that they were only able to be diagnosed with imaging.

CONCLUSIONS

Ruptured wide-necked aneurysms could be effectively and safely treated with the SAC technique, which showed clinical and angiographic outcomes similar to those of the NSC technique. Hence, the SAC technique with dual-antiplatelet drugs may be a viable option even in acute SAH.
First application of 7-T ultra–high field diffusion tensor imaging to detect altered microstructure of thalamic-somatosensory anatomy in trigeminal neuralgia
Authors: Rutland John W. , Huang Kuang-Han , Gill Corey M. , Villavisanis Dillan F. , Alper Judy , Verma Gaurav , Bederson Joshua B. , Delman Bradley N. , Shrivastava Raj K. , Balchandani Priti
Published: August 2019

OBJECTIVE

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a debilitating neurological disease that commonly results from neurovascular compression of the trigeminal nerve (CN V). Although the CN V has been extensively studied at the site of neurovascular compression, many pathophysiological factors remain obscure. For example, thalamic-somatosensory function is thought to be altered in TN, but the abnormalities are inadequately characterized. Furthermore, there are few studies using 7-T MRI to examine patients with TN. The purpose of the present study was to use 7-T MRI to assess microstructural alteration in the thalamic-somatosensory tracts of patients with TN by using ultra–high field MRI.

METHODS

Ten patients with TN and 10 age- and sex-matched healthy controls underwent scanning using 7-T MRI with diffusion tensor imaging. Structural images were segmented with an automated algorithm to obtain thalamus and primary somatosensory cortex (S1). Probabilistic tractography was performed between the thalamus and S1, and the microstructure of the thalamic-somatosensory tracts was compared between patients with TN and controls.

RESULTS

Fractional anisotropy of the thalamic-somatosensory tract ipsilateral to the site of neurovascular compression was reduced in patients (mean 0.43) compared with side-matched controls (mean 0.47, p = 0.01). The mean diffusivity was increased ipsilaterally in patients (mean 6.58 × 10−4 mm2/second) compared with controls (mean 6.15 × 10−4 mm2/second, p = 0.02). Radial diffusivity was increased ipsilaterally in patients (mean 4.91 × 10−4 mm2/second) compared with controls (mean 4.44 × 10−4 mm2/second, p = 0.01). Topographical analysis revealed fractional anisotropy reduction and diffusivity elevation along the entire anatomical S1 arc in patients with TN.

CONCLUSIONS

The present study is the first to examine microstructural properties of the thalamic-somatosensory anatomy in patients with TN and to evaluate quantitative differences compared with healthy controls. The finding of reduced integrity of these white matter fibers provides evidence of microstructural alteration at the level of the thalamus and S1, and furthers the understanding of TN neurobiology.
Konsep OVOP Untuk Mengidentifikasi Produk Unggulan Daerah (Studi Kasus Wajik Tapai Melayu)
Authors: Sudiar Nining
Published: August 2019

Abstract

 In this study, One Village One Product (OVOP) was used to analyze regional development with the aim of advancing the economy of a region through the identification of superior products in the area. The purpose of using One Village One Product (OVOP) is to identify regional superior products, identify market potential and identify regional superior product development strategies using SWOT analysis of Wajik Tapai Melayu food product. The results of this study is that there are several products that can be used as regional superior products in Riau, such as Wajik Tapai Melayu food product. This is also supported by the Government of Riau Province which is now proclaiming the development of tourism objects in Riau to attract more tourists to visit Riau. By increasing tourists to Riau will give an impact on the growth of small industries, such as Wajik Tapai Melayu food products which are also Regional Superior Products in Riau.

 

Keywords: Regional Superior Products, Riau Malay Tape Diamond, SWOT Analysis, One Village One Product (OVOP)

 

Abstrak

 

Dalam penelitian ini digunakan One Village One Product (OVOP) yang bertujuan untuk menganalisis pembangunan daerah dengan tujuan memajukan ekonomi suatu daerah melalui identifikasi produk unggulan yang ada didaerah tersebut. Adapun tujuan  menggunakan One Village One Product (OVOP) adalah untuk mengidentifikasi terhadap produk unggulan daerah, mengidentifikasi potensi pasar dan mengidentifikasi strategi pengembangan produk unggulan daerah menggunakan analisia SWOT terhadap produk pangan Wajik Tapai Melayu. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah ada beberapa produk yang bisa dijadikan produk unggulan daerah di Riau salah satunya adalah produk pangan Wajik Tapai Melayu. Hal ini juga didukung oleh Pemerintah Propinsi Riau saat ini mencanangkan pengembangan objek wisata di Riau untuk menarik wisatawan untuk berkunjung ke Riau, dengan meningkatnya wisatawan ke Riau akan berdampak terhadap pertumbuhan industri kecil salah satunya produk pangan Wajik Tape Melayu yang juga menjadi Produk Unggulan Daerah di Riau.
Identifikasi Potensi Pangan Lokal untuk Penganekaragaman Produk Pangan Kota Balikpapan
Authors: Gozali Gozali , Kusuma Bambang Jati
Published: August 2019

The purpose of this study was to determine the potential of superior local food in the Balikpapan City. The method used in this research is descriptive method. Data collection techniques using the location survey and institutional survey methods. The identification of local food potential in the Balikpapan City in this study in terms of the food sector in terms of availability. Based on the results of data analysis that has been carried out in the city of Balikpapan, there are about 12 (twelve) types that are widely cultivated by farmers, namely: sweet corn, papaya, banana, cempedak, lai / durian fruit, dragon fruit, sweet potato / wood, pineapple, salak, and rambutan. Although some other plants are also found, but relatively few in number, such as tomatoes, cucumber, guava, and others. The existence of local food in the Balikpapan City area has the potential to be developed into various food products
Pengetahuan Wisatawan Mancanegara atas Kehadiran Patung Garuda Wisnu Kencana sebagai Ikon Pariwisata Indonesia
Authors: Supina Supina
Published: August 2019

Pada tahun 2018 akhirnya Indonesia memiliki Ikon Pariwisata yaitu Patung Garuda Wisnu Kencana yang terletak di Bali yang mana juga merupakan Destinasi Wisata paling terkenal di Indonesia, kehadiran Ikon Pariwisata ini tentunya diharapkan dapat menunjang peningkatkan jumlah wisatawan ke Indonesia terutama wisatawan mancanegara, tetapi satu tahun setelah peresmian masih belum terdengar hal yang baru yang dihasilkan dari kehadiran Ikon Pariwisata ini maupun belum ada kegiatan besar yang dapat mengundang wisatawan berkunjung ke Ikon Pariwisata ini. Oleh karena penelitian deskriptif ini dilakukan dengan menyebarkan kuesioner melalui media daring terhadap wisatawan mancanegara yang berasal dari lima benua di Dunia untuk mengetahui apakah wisatawan mancanegara mengetahui tentang kehadiran Ikon Pariwisata Indonesia Patung Garuda Wisnu Kencana ini. Kata kunci :  pariwisata, ikon, kesadaran
ANALISIS ZAKAT PRODUKTIF DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN USAHA MIKRO DAN PENYERAPAN TENAGA KERJA SERTA KESEJAHTERAAN MUSTAHIK DI KOTA PEKANBARU PROVINSI RIAU
Authors: Rachmawati Eka Nuraini , Azmansyah Azmansyah , Utami Titis Triatri
Published: August 2019

This research was conducted on mustahik who received productive zakat from the National Amil Zakat Agency (BAZNAS) in Pekanbaru City. The purpose of this study was to see the effect of productive zakat channeled on increasing mustahik business and increasing welfare. 52 mustahik chosen in this study were conducted using purposive sampling, namely the mustahik of recipients of productive zakat. The analysis was carried out by the bineary logistic regression method because of the welfare variables and business improvement variables in the form of dummy, where the determination of mustahik welfare using the CIBEST method. The results of this study indicate that productive zakat that is distributed does not significantly influence the increase in business and also the welfare of mustahik. this is because the amount of productive zakat distributed does not meet the feasibility of business development, besides that it is still not maximized monetizing and assistance carried out by BAZNAS in the development of mustahik businesses.
PENGARUH PERCEIVED QUALITY DAN BRAND IMAGE TERHADAP BRAND TRUST PRODUK KOSMETIK WARDAH
Authors: Izzati Rosyida Rahma
Published: August 2019

The purpose of this research is to analyze: 1) influence of perceived quality on brand trust and 2) influence brand image on brand trust. Data was collected from 105 respondent who are consumer of Wardah cosmetics in Surakarta and the surrounding area. The method of analysis use multiple linear regression. Based on the test of all instrument variables are valid and reliable. Classical assumption test indicate that the data normally distribute and linier, moreover there are no multicollinearity and heteroschedastisity. The result of this research showed that: 1) perceived quality has positive and significant influence on brand trust and 2) brand image has positive and significant influence on brand trust.
KINERJA PEMASARAN : PERCAYA TAKHAYUL DENGAN NAMA BISNIS
Authors: Gazali Immanuel , Adek Adek , Suryadiputra Siska
Published: August 2019

This study aims to determine the existence of a significant influence between takahyul on business names; there is a significant influence between business names on marketing performance; there is a significant influence between superstition on marketing performance; and the existence of a significant influence of superstition influences marketing performance by moderating business names.This type of research uses quantitative and descriptive, the aim is to provide or describe a situation or phenomenon that is happening now by using scientific procedures to answer the problem in actual terms. The population is a business name superstitious trust entrepreneur. The total sample of 200 respondents was taken by purposive sampling technique. The data collection method uses a questionnaire. The sample analysis method uses purpose sampling with business criteria having a business name and extending the business name in front of its business location and having an average turnover from 0 to Rp. 3,000,000. per day.The results of this study are that there is a significant influence of business name variables on marketing performance, except superstition on marketing performance
PENGARUH MOTIVASI BELAJAR TERHADAP MINAT BERWIRAUSAHA SISWA SMA XYZ DI JAKARTA BARAT
Authors: Widjaja William
Published: August 2019

This study aims to examine the effect of learning motivation on the interest in entrepreneurship of XYZ high school students, in West Jakarta. The method used in this study is a quantitative method using a simple regression test and t test to test the hypothesis. The data used in this study is a primary data using questionnaires as data collection instruments. The number of samples used is 52 respondents with saturated sample techniques. The results of a simple regression analysis show a constant value of 31.438 with a regression coefficient of learning motivation variables of 0.979. The result of the t-test is 5.385 with a significance value of 0.000 (<0.05) which means that there is a significance influences between learning motivation towards the interest in entrepreneurship of high school students XYZ, West Jakarta.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA SEGMENTASI DEMOGRAFIS DENGAN KEPUTUSAN MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA SOSIAL
Authors: Erlangga Rizky , Amidi Amidi
Published: August 2019

The problem formulation in this study was the relationship between demographic segmentation and the decision to use social media in Kelurahan 3-4 Ulu Palembang. The aim was to find out the relationship between demographic segmentation and the decision to use social media in Kelurahan 3-4 Ulu Palembang. This type of research was associative. The sample used was 235 people using a probability sampling technique. The data used in this study were primarily because they were obtained based on questionnaires distributed to respondents. The analysis technique used was quadratic Kai. The results of the study showed that there were indicators that indicated a relationship and there was no relationship between demographic segmentation and the decision to use social media in Kelurahan 3-4 Ulu Palembang. Indicators that showed the existence of a relationship were: (1) there was a sexual relationship based on the frequency of use. While indicators that did not show the existence of a relationship: (1) there was no sex relationship utilization (2) there was no relationship between types of employment in terms of use and utilization (3) there was no relationship between age of use and utilization (4) there was no relationship between income and utilization
ANALISIS PENGARUH RISIKO TERHADAP RETURN YANG DIHARAPKAN UNTUK MENENTUKAN PILIHAN BERINVESTASI PADA SAHAM JAKARTA ISLAMIC INDEX (JII)
Authors: Safitri Ervita
Published: August 2019

Purpose - The objective of this study was to assess the risk of the stock return by using CAPM model to determine the investment option at Jakarta Islamic Index in the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) and to find the risk of the return which was expected by CAPM Model.Design/methodology - The population of this study was 52 companies which were listed at JII in 2010-2014. The sample of this study was chosen by using purposive sampling method. The numbers of the companies were 12 companies. Data analysis technique in this study was by using the monthly closing share price dara registered in JII, JII market index, and interest rates of SBI.Findings â€“ The result of this study showed that out of twelve companies, there were four stocks that could be used as the investment option, namely PT. Alam Sutra Reality, tbk, PT. Astra International, tbk, PT. Lippo Karawaci, tbk, PT. Telekomunikasi Indonesia, tbk. The result of hypothesis testing with a simple linear regression t-test found that t value > t table (-24,249>-2,228) with significant value (0,00<0,05) , it indicated that there was a significant influence between beta and CAPM expected return.
PENGARUH KEMAMPUAN KEUANGAN DAERAH TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DI WILAYAH SUMATERA SELATAN PERIODE 2005-2014
Authors: Juairiah Juairiah
Published: August 2019

Purpose â€“ The study aims to determine how the influence of financial capacity of region on economic growth in Southern Sumatran Region in period 2005 to 2014.Design/methodology - The analysis was performed by multiple regression analysis models by a Pooled Least Square method and the fixed effect estimation models. The data used is panel data of five provinces in Southern Sumatra.Findings â€“ The analysis showed that the financial capacity in Southern Sumatra region is significantly affecting the economic growth.
Kajian Sistem Pengelolaan Usaha Peternakan Sapi Potong di Kabupaten Sijunjung
Authors: Putra Riza Andesca , Hendrita Vivi
Published: August 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik peternak, sistem pemeliharaan, sistem pengelolaan pakan, sistem pengelolaan reproduksi, dan sistem pemasaran ternak sapi potong di Kabupaten Sijunjung. Penelitian ini dilakukan di wilayah Kabupaten Sijunjung yaitu peternak di daerah terpilih pada bulan Juni sampai Juli 2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey dengan respondennya adalah peternak sapi potong yaitu 44 orang responden. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa usaha peternakan sapi potong di Kabupaten Sijunjung masih usaha sampingan masyarakat (93,18%), jumlah ternak yang dipelihara 1-3 ekor per peternak (77,27%) dan pada umumnya merupakan sapi milik sendiri (61,36%). Sistem pemeliharaan ternak pada umumnya dengan sistem semi intensif (45,45%) dengan pakan yang diberikan adalah hijauan dengan merumput ditambah hijauan hasil pemotongan (47,73%). Sistem reproduksi menggunakan kawin alam dengan jantan pemacek (50%) dan inseminasi buatan (50%) serta pemasaran ternak masih melalui toke ternak/pedagang pengumpul (88,64%).
Sinergisme Fungi Selulolitik Berbasis Limbah Jagung Sebagai Bioaktivator Pakan Berserat
Authors: Nasution Fahri Husaini , Yunilas Yunilas , Wahyuni Tri Hesti
Published: August 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menguji kemampuan sinergisme fungi selulolitik asal limbah jagung untuk dikonsorsiumkan sebagai bioaktivator pakan berserat. Isolate fungi selulolitik yang dikonsorsiumkan merupakan hasil isolasi dari limbah tanaman jagung yaitu isolate JB (Aspergillus sp.), JC (Fusarium sp.), JD (Aspergillus sp), JE (Rizoctonia sp.). Parameter yang diamati adalah sinergisme fungi selulolitik yang dikonsorsiumkan pada medium padat, pola interaksi antara fungi yang dikonsorsiumkan pada medium padat dan sinergisme fungi selulolitik yang dikonsorsiumkan pada medium cair (cocktail inokulum). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari konsorsium isolate fungi selulolitik diperoleh 5 pasangan isolat fungi selulolitik yang dapat bersinergi dan 1 pasangan tidak dapat bersinergi. Pola pertumbuhan yang terbentuk bersifat Mutual Intermingling (pasangan isolate JB vs JC dan JB vs JD), Partial Intermingling (pasangan isolate JB vs JE; JC vs JD; dan JD vs JE); dan Inhibition at touching point (pasangan isolate JC vs JE). Sinergisme fungi selulolitik yang dikonsorsiumkan pada medium cair (cocktail inokulum) menunjukkan tingkat pertumbuhan yang berfluktuatif seiring bertambahnya waktu fermentasi. Kesimpulan: dari 5 pasangan isolat fungi selulolitik yang dikonsorsiumkan diperoleh 1 pasang isolate yang tidak dapat bersinergis, dan sinegisme antara fungi membentuk pola interaksi yang bervariatif. Pertumbuhan fungi selulolitik pada medium cair berfluktuatif dan menunjukkan tingkat pertumbuhan optimum pada hari ke-3.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CONCURRENT CHEMORADIOTHERAPY VS RADIOTHERAPY ALONE IN LOCALLY ADVANCED HEAD AND NECK CANCER
Authors: Dhaka Dr. Saroj , Sharma Dr. Neeti , Kumar Dr. H.S. , Jakhar Dr.  S.L. , Tiwari Dr. Atul
Published: August 2019

The purpose of the study was to assess difference in the treatment response and toxicity profile  among two groups of unresectable locally advanced head and neck malignancies receiving concurrent chemo-radiotherapy versus radiotherapy alone after completing neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

50 patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy  (inj. paclitaxel 175 mg/m2 D1 , Cisplatin 80mg/m2 devided in 2 days & inj 5FU 1gm/m2 iv d1&d2).Then randomly allotted into above two groups to receive 66 Gy fractionated RT alone versus  RT along with concurrent 3 weekly inj Cisplatin 80mg/m2 devided in two days. Disease response was evaluated by RECIEST criteria.

All patients tolerated treatment well, no major adverse effects were monitored in two groups. There was no significant statistical difference in treatment response, which was found 88% vs 80% in concurrent CTRT vs RT alone .however toxicity profile was higher in concurrent CTRT group. The 6 months PFS were 83.3% and 78.3% in CTRT and RT alone groups respectively ;(x2=0.196, p value>.05)

Keywords: Radiotherapy alone, Induction chemotherapy, Unresectable locally advanced head and neck cancer.
ЗМЕНШЕННЯ ВИКИДІВ СУДНОВОГО ДИЗЕЛЯ УТИЛІЗАЦІЄЮ ТЕПЛОТИ РЕЦИРКУЛЯЦІЙНИХ ГАЗІВ ЕЖЕКТОРНОЮ ХОЛОДИЛЬНОЮ МАШИНОЮ
Authors: Пирисунько Максим Андрійович , Радченко Роман Миколайович , Андреєв Андрій Адольфович , Корнієнко Вікторія Сергіївна
Published: August 2019

The problem of air basin pollution of the World Ocean with harmful emissions from the exhaust gases of marine diesel engines is primarily associated with the creation of highly efficient technologies for the neutralization of nitrogen oxides NOx on exhaust gases from a diesel engine. Emissions of harmful substances from the combustion of marine fuels are limited by international atmospheric protection programs and the requirements of the International Maritime Organization (IMO). The requirements relate to almost all groups of harmful emissions in marine engines and the more stringent of them are primarily related to nitrogen oxides NOx and sulfur oxides SOx. To reduce harmful emissions from exhaust gases into the environment, scientists and world engine leaders use and suggest various methods for reducing the content of harmful substances in exhaust gases. The implementation of new standards in the areas of further improvement of the working process, the use of alternative fuels, fuel, and air additives, as well as selective catalytic reduction systems do not preclude further development of scientific research in the field of exhaust gas cleaning. One of the promising ways in environmentalizing marine internal combustion engines is the neutralization of harmful substances in exhaust gases through particular gas recirculation (EGR-technology). However, the use of such techniques conflicts with the engine's energy efficiency. In the work presented, the scheme-design solution of the exhaust gas recirculation system with using the heat of recirculation gases by an ejector refrigeration machine for cooling the air at the intake of ship's main engine is proposed. The effect of using the heat of recirculation gases for cooling the air at the intake of the engine is analyzed taking into account the changing climatic conditions for a particular vessel's route line. It is shown that the use of an ejector refrigeration machine reduces the air temperature at the entrance of the main engine by 5…15 ° С, which reduces the specific fuel consumption. This reduces emissions of harmful substances when the engine is running with recirculation of gases.
РЕЗЕРВИ ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЇ ТЕПЛОТИ УСТАНОВКИ АВТОНОМНОГО ЕНЕРГОЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ
Authors: Фордуй Сергій Георгійович , Радченко Андрій Миколайович , Зубарєв Анатолій Анатолійович , Бойчук Володимир Володимирович , Остапенко Олексій Валерійович
Published: August 2019

It is analyzed the efficiency of heat conversion in the integrated electricity, heat and cooling supply of the enterprise. The installation for energy supply includes two JMS 420 GS-N.LC GE Jenbacher cogeneration gas engines manufactured as cogeneration modules with heat exchangers for removing the heat of exhaust gases, scavenge gas-air mixture, cooling water of engine and lubricating oil. The heat of hot water is transformed by the absorption lithium-bromide chiller AR-D500L2 Century into the cold, which is spent on technological needs and for the operation of the central air conditioner for cooling the incoming air of the engine room, where from it is sucked by the turbocharger of the engine. The presence of significant heat losses, which account for about 30% of the total heat removed from the cogeneration gas piston module and is due to the inconsistency of the joint operation modes of the absorption lithium-bromide chiller and the gas piston engine, was revealed. This inconsistency is caused by the contradictory conditions of their effective operation according to the temperature of the return coolant at the outlet of the absorption lithium-bromide chiller and the entrance to the engine cooling system. The thermal state of the gas piston engine is ensured by maintaining the temperature of the return coolant at the entrance to it is not higher than 70 °C. At the same time, during the transformation of the heat of the coolant into the cold in an absorption lithium-bromide chiller, the temperature decreasing in the machine is no more than 10 ... 15 °С, that is, up to 75 ... 80 °С, if the temperature of the heat coolant outlet from the cogeneration gas piston module, i.e. at the inlet of the absorption lithium-bromide chiller, 90 °С. Therefore, the return coolant is additionally cooled in the "emergency heat release" radiator by removing its heat into surroundings. It is shown the possibility of increasing the cooling capacity of the system by conversion of the return coolant exhaust heat into cold in absorption lithium-bromide and ejector chillers through the data procession of monitoring the heat conversion system in the integrated energy plant.
РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ КОМПРЕССОРНОЙ И ТУРБИННОЙ ЧАСТЕЙ ТУРБОКОМПРЕССОРОВ С ОБЩИМ РАБОЧИМ КОЛЕСОМ ДЛЯ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ В МАЛОРАЗМЕРНЫХ ДВИГАТЕЛЯХ
Authors: Шкабура Владимир Анатольевич
Published: August 2019

It is considered the issues of improving small-sized engines through the application of a new type of turbomachines – turbo-compressors with general impeller (TCG) to develop engines and power plants. For example, it is shown a diagram of the simplest small-sized gas turbine engine using TCG. For the systematization of relatively efficient TCG schemes, a classification has been developed and is given in the article, of possible schemes for a turbocharger with a common impeller. The classification is based on 5 possible directions of movement of the working medium in the blade apparatus – axial (parallel to the axis of rotation of the machine), centrifugal, centripetal, diagonal and tangential. To implement one or another flowing pattern in the impeller, it is necessary to select the appropriate shape of the impeller blades and the location of the nozzle, exhaust, suction and discharge channels relative to each other. Depending on the direction of movement of the gas flows, turbo-compressors with a common impeller may have two flow patterns in interscapular impeller space – direct-flow and counter-flow. If the directions of the gas and airflow coincide concerning the axis of rotation of the impeller, then the flow pattern in the TCG is direct-flow, with opposite flow flows it is countercurrent. For carrying out the enlarged gas-dynamic calculation of TCG, formulas are given that make it possible to calculate the circumferential force arising on the blades of the impeller in the compressor and turbine working channels of the TCG. Also, formulas are given, with correction factors, for calculating the power factor of the compressor part and the load factor of the turbine part. In the process of computational and experimental studies, the characteristic of the compressor part of the TCG experimental model was obtained. The test results of the compressor part of the TCG experimental model showed good agreement between the calculated and experimental values. Studies have shown that a turbocharger with a common impeller can be used as part of small-size gas turbine engines and in a turbo-supercharging system of a small-capacity internal combustion engine with not high supercharging.
НЕЛИНЕЙНЫЕ НОРМАЛЬНЫЕ ФОРМЫ КОЛЕБАНИЙ КОНЕЧНОЭЛЕМЕНТНОЙ МОДЕЛИ РОТОРА НА ШАРИКОПОДШИПНИКАХ
Authors: Филипковский Сергей Владимирович , Филипковская Лариса Алексеевна , Филипковская Мария Сергеевна
Published: August 2019

The relevance of the work is due to the increase in power and the minimization of the weight of modern aircraft, which is associated with an increase in dynamic loads on the units and the development of the nonlinearity of dynamic processes in them. The problem of designing devices and units operating at high dynamic loads can be solved by developing and applying in designing nonlinear models and methods for analyzing nonlinear oscillatory processes. The use of nonlinear models and methods in design and calibration calculations makes it possible to predict dynamic processes in those aircraft operating modes that cannot be achieved using linear models. The research aims to develop models and methods for analyzing nonlinear oscillatory processes for designing equipment and aircraft assemblies. The rotors, in which two paddle wheels mounted on the cantilever ends of the shaft, are most often used in engines, turbo-pump rocket units, and turbo coolers of aircraft. The shaft deflections have the same order as the elastic deformations of the bearings. Approximation of the axis of the deformed shaft of such rotor design is difficult to implement by sinusoidal functions, therefore the finite element method is used. The finite elements approximate the areas of the shaft of the constant cross section. Disks and supports are placed in the nodes. The inertia forces and moments of inertia forces of the disks are considered linear boundary conditions at the nodes of finite elements. The elastic forces of bearings are considered non-linear boundary conditions at the nodes. The interpolation polynomials of these finite elements are functions of the bent axis of the beam with unit displacements of the nodal sections. The oscillation equations of the shaft are obtained by the Galerkin method with a simultaneous approximation of differential equations and boundary conditions. For the analysis of free vibrations, we use the method of nonlinear normal modes (NNM), which allow us to reduce the analysis of a system with a finite number of degrees of freedom to an analysis of an oscillator with one degree of freedom. Following this method all phase coordinates are represented as functions of one pair of phase coordinates, they are a generalized displacement which can be chosen arbitrarily and a corresponding generalized velocity. Elements of these functions are represented by Taylor series. The rotors on angular contact ball bearings with axial preload are investigated in the work. The preload is used to eliminate the opening of the gaps between the balls and the racers during vibrations, which can lead to shocks and increased vibrations. For the convenience of using the NNM method, the elastic forces are represented as power series in generalized coordinates. The equation of oscillations for each NNM is solved by the method of harmonic balance. The shapes and backbone curves of free non-linear oscillations of the rotor are constructed.
ВЛИЯНИЕ УГЛОВ ПОЛОЖЕНИЯ КАМЕР НА НАРУЖНЫХ И ВНУТРЕННИХ ЧАСТЯХ ГИДРОСТАТОДИНАМИЧЕСКОГО ПОДШИПНИКА СДВОЕННОГО ТИПА НА ЕГО НЕСУЩУЮ СПОСОБНОСТЬ
Authors: Назин Владимир Иосифович
Published: August 2019

The task is to study the bearing capacity of the double type bearing at different angular positions of the chambers on the outer and inner working surfaces. It is given a mathematical model of a double type hydrostatodynamic bearing in a stationary formulation, which makes it possible to determine its bearing capacity. It is considered the cases of laminar and turbulent flow of the working fluid in the slit path of the double type bearing. Both gradient and portable flows of the working fluid are considered in recording the flow of working fluid along the contour of the 1st chamber. The expression for the flow rate of the working fluid at the entrance to the chambers is written for the case of using the jet as a pressure compensator. The cost balance equations and the Reynolds equations, written for both the outer and inner working surfaces of the double type bearing, were solved jointly. Applied assumptions are usually taken in the hydrodynamic theory of lubrication in writing the Reynolds equations. The most common V.N. Constantinescu method was applied for turbulence coefficients. The expression for the balance of expenditure equations and the Reynolds equations are expanded to the dimensionless type. The most effective numerical methods for the numerical implementation of the expenditure balance equations and Reynolds equations are analyzed and applied. The most economical finite-difference method in combination with the longitudinal-transverse sweep method was applied to solve the Reynolds equation. The accuracy of the solution was assigned when determining the pressures in the chambers and on the inter-chamber jumpers. Geometric and operating parameters of the double type bearing were assigned based on currently existing recommendations for the design of fluid-friction bearings. The results of the calculation of the bearing capacity of the double type bearing for different camera angles on the external and internal parts of this bearing are obtained. The results of the calculation of the bearing capacity of the double type bearing in the form of graphs are given. The analysis of the obtained results was made and conclusions were made on the obtained results, allowing designers to more efficiently design bearings of this type.
ПОНЯТИЕ КОЭФФИЦИЕНТА ЭЛЛИПТИЧНОСТИ ТРАПЕЦИЕВИДНОГО КРЫЛА И МЕТОД ЕГО ОЦЕНКИ
Authors: Лось Александр Васильевич , Рябков Виктор Иванович
Published: August 2019

When developing modifications of the transport category aircraft to increase their transport efficiency and economy in many cases, there is a need for profound changes in wing parameters. When such changes are implemented, the problem of the wing layout geometry, and the whole lift system “wing + tail unit assemblies”, inevitably arises. The most important step in the selection of parameters of lifting surfaces is to ensure, during their design, the law of change in circulation spanwise, the maximum approximate distribution of circulation in an elliptical wing, which leads to a minimum value of its inductive resistance for a given lift value.The ratio of the circulation values of the velocity of the elliptical (Ge) and tapered (Gt) wings, the values of which are usually estimated using the known coefficients of the wing shapes, was taken as the elliptic coefficient of the tapered wing:– Ktsh and Kesh  – the factors of the tapered wing shape and elliptical wing in plan view, equivalent in lift force, as well as in the span and aspect ratio;– Ksh(hi) – the shape factor of the tapered wing, depending on its taper ratio (hi);– Kesh – the optimal value of the shape factor of a simple tapered wing if the taper ratio is h = 2.857 (according to Karafoli), and Сxi min.The analysis of such dependences showed that the increase in the elliptic coefficient Кe is realized by increasing the number of trapezoids (n), forming the plan of the composite wing, and the geometric twist of their local chords.When using such design solutions, it is possible to increase the value Ken, e, and the numerical evaluation models depend, among other things, on: n – the number of trapeziums that form the wing half-sizes; zn i- the coordinates of the wing kinks in its span; ηn – total narrowing of the wing, formed by n trapeziums. e - the relative angles of the geometric twist of the local chords of the trapezoids forming the plan of the modified wing.The developed models are the scientific basis for the re-assembly of not only an isolated wing, but also the entire lift system “wing + tail unit assemblies” that provide minimal inductive resistance, and should also be used as the basis for constructing longitudinal static stability limits and reducing the trim loss of the modification.