bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the impact of COVID-19 on newborn neurodevelopment: a pilot study
Authors: Ayesa-Arriola Rosa , Quintas Águeda Castro , Foz Víctor Ortiz-García de la , Corredera Margarita Miguel , González Nerea San Martín , Murillo-García Nancy , Neergaard Karl , Saura Lourdes Fañanás , Terán Isabel de las Cuevas
Published: September 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic can seize the opportunity to explore the hypothesis of prenatal exposure to viral infections increases the risk for neurodevelopmental disorders. Advancing our knowledge in this regard would improve primary prevention of mental disorders in children. For this pilot study, six-week-old infants born to mothers exposed (n = 21) or unexposed (n = 21) to syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) were assessed using the Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale (NBAS). Groups comparisons were performed to explore the effects that infection and timing of exposure (in terms of the three trimesters of pregnancy). The infants’ competencies and performances on the NBAS were generally similar in the exposed and non-exposed to SARS-CoV-2 groups. The most significant difference found was a less optimally response to cuddliness (item on the state regulation domain) particularly in infants born to mothers exposed in the third trimester of pregnancy, and in pull-to-sit (item on the motor system domain). Although our interpretations must be careful, these preliminary results highlight the possible association between prenatal SARS-CoV-2 exposure and poorer development in motor skills and infant interactive behavior. Further longitudinal studies are needed to explore these relationships and disentangle the biological mechanisms implicated.
A probabilistic approach to calculate R0 in complex epidemic models
Authors: Hernandez Carlos , Montesinos-López Osval
Published: September 2022

Epidemic models are a valuable tool in the decision-making process. Once a mathematical model for an epidemic has been established, the very next step is calculating a mathematical expression for the basic reproductive number, R0, which is the average number of infections caused by an individual that is introduced in a population of susceptible. Finding a mathematical expression for R0 is important because it allows to analyze the effect of the different parameters in the model on R0, so that we can act on some of them, in an attempt to keep R0 < 1 to avoid a large epidemic. In this work we show how to calculate R0 in complex epidemic models by using only basic concepts of Markov chains. We compare our approach with the traditional methods used in epidemiology and demography.
Regorafenib is suitable for advanced colorectal cancer patients who have previously received trifluridine/tipiracil plus bevacizumab
Authors: Matsumoto Toshihiko , Ikoma Tatsuki , Yamamura Shogo , Miura Kou , Tsuduki Takao , Watanabe Takanori , Nagai Hiroki , Takatani Masahiro , Yasui Hisateru
Published: September 2022

Background:
Regorafenib is a standard salvage line therapy used for advanced colorectal cancer (CRC). Recently, FTD/TPI plus bevacizumab also showed promising efficacy as a salvage line therapy for advanced CRC. However, the efficacy and safety of regorafenib for patients with advanced CRC who have previously received trifluridine/tipiracil (TFTD) plus bevacizumab is unclear.
Results:
We retrospectively collected clinicopathologic data from patients with advanced CRC who received regorafenib after TFTD plus bevacizumab in multiple institutions between April 2017 and June 2020.Thirty-four advanced CRC patients who received regorafenib were analyzed. The median age was 66.5 (range 43 − 81 years), 11 patients were male, and all had an ECOG performance status(PS) of 0 or 1. Twenty-two patients had left-sided tumors, 18 patients had RAS mutants, and 1 patient had a BRAF V600E mutation. The response rate was 0%, and the disease control rate was 31%. The median progression-free survival was 70 days (95% CI: 56 − 91), and the overall survival was 233 days (95% CI: 188 − 324). Treatment was discontinued in 32 patients, and 28 (82%) discontinued treatment due to progressive disease. The major grade 3 and4 toxicities were proteinurea (29%), hypertension (26%), hand-foot syndrome(15%), and platelet decrease (6%).
Conclusion:
Regorafenib after TFTD plus bevacizumab showed efficacy similar to that of the previous study, and no new adverse events were observed.
Bovine cerebral theileriosis: first molecular confirmed report in cross bred cattle calf in India
Authors: Agrawal Vivek , Das G. , Singla L. D. , Shukla S. , Maharana B. R. , Jayraw A. K. , Shakya M. , Jatav G. P.
Published: September 2022

Bovine tropical theileriosis caused by Theileria annulata, is a serious constraint to Indian dairy industry with more fatal infections in exotic cattle and substantial losses to cross-bred and indigenous zebu cattle. The present communication is to place on record the first report of molecular based confirmed case of cerebral theileriosis caused by T. annulata coupled with its morphological detection, clinical manifestations, haematological alterations and therapeutic management in a cross bred cattle calf from India. After preparation of peripheral thin blood smear from cross bred cattle calf at the site of collection and fixation with methanol, blood sample brought to Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Science and A.H, Jabalpur and stained by standard protocol for Giemsa staining. Genomic DNA was isolated from the collected blood sample using QIAamp® DNA blood mini kit following the manufacturer’s recommendations and PCR was performed. The cross bred cow calf revealed high rise in temperature (105.5°F), increased heart rate, labored breathing with seromucous nasal discharge, enlargement of prescapular lymph node and animal exhibited tonic clonic convulsions in response to any sudden noise. Giemsa stained thin blood smear revealed intraerythrocytic piroplasm and Koch blue bodies of T. annulata within the cytoplasm of lymphocytes. The species of Theileria was confirmed by molecular amplification of genomic DNA as T. annulata.
The effect of elemental diffusion on the application of olivine-composition-based magmatic thermometry, oxybarometry, and hygrometry: A case study of olivine phenocrysts from the Jiagedaqi basalts, northeast China
Authors: Zhang Le , Hong Lu-Bing , Qian Sheng-Ping , He Peng-Li , He Miao-Hong , Yang Ya-Nan , Wang Jin-Tuan , Zhang Yan-Qiang , Ren Zhong-Yuan
Published: September 2022

Olivine compositions are widely used to constrain magmatic thermodynamic conditions such as magmatic temperature, oxygen fugacity, and H2O content. However, elemental diffusion may change the initial compositions and lead to large uncertainty on the estimation of these thermodynamic conditions. In this study, we conducted LA-ICP-MS elemental mapping and EPMA analysis of olivine phenocrysts and olivine-hosted spinel from the Jiagedaqi (JGD) alkaline basalts in northeast China to evaluate the influence of elemental diffusion on olivine-composition-based geothermometry, oxybarometry, and hygrometry. The JGD olivines show normal Fo [Mg/(Mg + Fe) × 100 in moles] zoning, with cores having Fo of 77–87 and rims having Fo of 67–73. The constant P contents from core to rim indicate that these compositional zonings were caused mainly by diffusion. Because Al is a slow-diffusing element and its content is relatively constant from core to rim, the temperature calculated by the Al-in-olivine thermometer is not influenced by elemental diffusion and preserves the JGD olivine crystallization temperature up to 1150 °C. The temperatures calculated using the Sc/Y-in-olivine thermometer, the oxygen fugacity calculated using the olivine–spinel oxybarometer, and the H2O content calculated on the basis of Ca partitioning between olivine and melt are strongly influenced by the diffusion of Fo, Sc/Y, and Ca. However, the compositional plateaus in olivine cores, which were not influenced by elemental diffusion, preserve the magmatic temperature (1150 °C), oxygen fugacity (QFM+1.4), and H2O content (4 wt%) that applied during the formation of the JGD olivines. Together, these findings suggest that the mantle source of the JGD basalts was metasomatized by fluids released from the subducted slab. This study highlights that elemental diffusion in olivine phenocrysts can strongly affect the application of olivine-composition-based geothermometers, oxybarometers, and hygrometers. However, primitive olivine cores that have not been influenced by diffusion preserve the initial magmatic thermodynamic conditions.
Flavor deformations and supersymmetry enhancement in $4d$ $\mathcal{N}=2$ theories
Authors: Naseer Usman , Thull Charles
Published: September 2022

We study \mathcal{N}=2𝒩=2
theories on four-dimensional manifolds that admit a Killing vector
vv
with isolated fixed points. It is possible to deform these theories by
coupling position-dependent background fields to the flavor current
multiplet. The partition function of the deformed theory only depends on
the value of the background scalar fields at the fixed points of
vv.
For a single adjoint hypermultiplet, the partition function becomes
independent of the supergravity as well as the flavor background if the
scalars attain special values at the fixed points. For these special
values, supersymmetry at the fixed points enhances from the
Donaldson-Witten twist to the Marcus twist or the Vafa-Witten twist of
\mathcal{N}=4𝒩=4
SYM. Our results explain the recently observed squashing independence of
\mathcal{N}=2^*𝒩=2*
theory on the squashed sphere and provide a new squashing independent
point. Interpreted through the AGT-correspondence, this implies the
bb-independence
of torus one-point functions of certain operators in Liouville/Toda CFT.
The position-dependent deformations imply relations between correlators
of partially integrated operators in \mathcal{N}=2𝒩=2
SCFT with flavor symmetries.
Quantum engineering of a synthetic thermal bath for bosonic atoms in a one-dimensional optical lattice via Markovian feedback control
Authors: Wu Lingna , Eckardt André
Published: September 2022

We propose and investigate a scheme for engineering a synthetic thermal bath for a bosonic quantum gas in a one-dimensional optical lattice based on Markovian feedback control.
The performance of our scheme is quantified by the fidelity between the steady state of the system and the effective thermal state. For double-well and triple-well systems with non-interacting particles, the steady state is found to be an exact thermal state, which is attributed to the fact that the transfer rates between all pairs of coupled eigenstates satisfy detailed balance condition. The scenario changes when there are more lattice sites, where the detailed balance condition does not hold any more, but remains an accurate approximation. Remarkably, our scheme performs very well at low and high temperature regimes, with the fidelity close to one. The performance at intermediate temperatures~(where a crossover into a Bose condensed regime occurs) is slightly worse, and the fidelity shows a gentle decrease with increasing system size. We also discuss the interacting cases. In contrast to the non-interacting cases, the scheme is found to perform better at a higher temperature. Another difference is that the minimal temperature that can be engineered is nonzero and increases with the interaction strength.
The Yahukimo Conflict within the Ideal Narratives of Pancasila and Multiculturalism
Authors: Masykur Masykur
Published: September 2022

The ideology of Pancasila is agreed upon to reconcile ethnic, religious, racial and intergroup diversity. However, tribal fanatism clashes in understanding inevitably lead to social conflicts, such as the tribal conflict in Yahukimo Papua. Based on this background, there are research questions, first, why do tribal social conflicts still exist in the Pancasila ideology state? How is Pancasila ideology able to be main foundation of the resolution of tribal social conflict? Methodo­logically, this paper is the result of literature study research. To explain the research questions, Bhikhu Parekh's theory of multi­culturalism is used. In addition, the literature study method is used for data collection and the sociological approach for data analysis. The results of this study can be concluded that first, social conflicts with tribal nuances in the Pancasila ideological state will continue to have the potential to emerge when national identity is not maintained with a commitment to nationalism. Second, for this reason, the ideology of Pancasila in must continue to be carried out structurally and culturally for the resolution of tribal social conflicts. In the future, it is hoped that the Pancasila will ideally be embedded to strengthen national identity and unity.
Narratives on the 212 Movement and Tauhid Flag Transformation from the Boudieusian Perspective
Authors: Sarhindi Irfan Latifulloh , Sahrial Rysa
Published: September 2022

The so-called Tauhid flag was exclusively known as HTI's (Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia) symbol of Islamic caliphate re-establishment. However, after its burning incident in 2018, the flag appears to be one of the symbols of post-Islamist populism. By using the Bourdieusian perspective's framework, this study aims to understand the prior narrative of the Tauhid flag, the narrative of the 212 movements, and how the narrative of the 212 movements influenced the transformation of the narrative of the Tauhid flag. The data in this study were taken from 180 sampled tweets using proportionate stratified random sampling. The data were elaborated with related news and publications and then condensed, codified, and categorized. This study revealed that the prior narrative of the Tauhid flag was the narrative of institutional Islamism, aiming to re-establish the Islamic caliphate through a peaceful act. Meanwhile, the 212 movements represent the narrative of post-Islamist populism. When the Tauhid flag became the central issue in several 212 movements, the flag's narrative transformed into post-Islamist populism. It means that the widespread acceptance of the Tauhid flag has a little impact, if none, on HTI's caliphate campaign.
Gestión de la calidad de la educación en una institución técnica y tecnológica universitaria pública de Colombia
Authors: Arias-Aragonés Francisco José , Batista-Castillo Armando , Cardona-Arbeláez Diego Alonso
Published: September 2022

El presente trabajo diagnostica la calidad de la educación de una institución técnica y tecnológica universitaria (ITTU) pública de Colombia. Su metodología es documental, analítica y correlacional. Se aplica el diagnóstico organizacional para encontrar las causas de los problemas y ofrecer soluciones acorde a estos, basados en las debilidades, oportunidades, fortalezas y amenazas. El enfoque de teoría fundamentada, permitió identificar en la literatura acerca del tema, las variables relevantes que explican la problemática objeto de estudio, estableciéndose las relaciones de causa-efecto entre dichas variables. Las variables tenidas en cuenta para estudiar la calidad son: contexto y financiación; tecno-educación en la nueva economía;  sociedad del conocimiento y cuarta revolución industrial; investigación;  resultados de las pruebas Saber Pro y empleabilidad de los egresados. Los resultados del trabajo permiten concluir que la frágil situación financiera ha conducido a niveles sub-óptimos de inversión de las ITTU,  los cuales socavan la calidad y la formación en competencias digitales. Los desempeños en investigación y empleabilidad han sido buenos; sin embargo, persiste el reto de mejorar la calidad con resultados de alto impacto y fortalecer las competencias de los egresados, lo cual se evidencia en los resultados de las pruebas Saber Pro.
Índice de felicidad laboral en las pequeñas y medianas empresas de Santa Marta, Colombia
Authors: Jiménez-Sierra Devinso , Pérez-Suescún Leonardo , Corredor-Moncada Marta , Lora-Monsalve Mario
Published: September 2022

El objetivo de este estudio es determinar un indicador de felicidad laboral de las pequeñas y medianas empresas de Santa Marta, Colombia. Por medio de la metodología cuantitativa, se diseñó, validó y aplicó una escala Likert para identificar los niveles de felicidad laboral en una muestra constituida por 365 trabajadores de 294 pequeñas y medianas empresas, tomadas como población objeto. Los resultados arrojaron en la categoría “felicidad” un índice del 67 %, correspondiente a un nivel medio-bajo; la categoría “satisfacción laboral” presentó un desempeño más bajo, con un 58 %; la categoría “emociones positivas-optimismo” tuvo un margen del 74 %; la categoría “actitud hacia el trabajo” mostró un desempeño del 73 %; y la categoría “clima laboral”, un nivel medio-alto de 71 %. Se utilizó el modelo compuesto de Laspeyres, referenciando un índice de felicidad laboral de 0,39. Es necesario que las discusiones sobre la felicidad laboral se lleven a los diversos escenarios organizacionales con el fin de mejorar las condiciones emocionales en el ámbito laboral de los colaboradores.
Oxazolidinone Antibacterial Agents
Authors: Brickner Steven J.
Published: September 2022

The oxazolidinones are a new class of synthetic antibacterial agents. These compounds demonstrate potent in vitro and in vivo activity against important human pathogens, including multiple antibiotic-resistant strains of gram positive organisms including the staphylococci, streptococci, and enterococci. The oxazolidinones have a novel mechanism of action, inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis at a very early step prior to initiation. Literature disclosures have described the inability to detect in vitro bacterial resistance development to the oxazolidinones. Only the (S)-enantiomer is active; a new synthetic route yielding oxazolidinones with high optical purity has been reported. This paper will review the spectrum of activity, mechanism of action studies, toxicity issues, and structure activity relationships of the oxazolidinones.
Type II DNA Topoisomerases as Antibacterial Targets
Authors: Shen L. L. , Chu D. T. W.
Published: September 2022

DNA topoisomerases are a class of ubiquitous enzymes that maintain the topological structures of DNA in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. The enzymes catalyze DNA topoisomerization reactions through a sequential DNA breaking­ passing-resealing process, and are the targets of many important therapeutic agents for the treatment of cancer and bacterial infectious diseases. Quinolone antibacterial agents are known to target specifically to DNA gyrase, a bacterial type II DNA topoisomerase. The drugs have rapid bactericidal action that is believed to derive from their dual actions to inhibit the catalytic activity of the essential enzyme and, more importantly, to form a
stable enzyme-DNA cleavable complex at a position ahead of the replication forks leading to a quick arrest of DNA replication, irreversible DNA damage and thus cell death. These inhibitors are small in size and simple in structure, but are extremely potent with the antibacterial potency reaching to a few nanograms per milliliter range. The high potency and specificity of these inhibitors is believed to be achieved by its unique capability to bind cooperatively to a partially denatured DNA pocket created by the target enzyme during the strand breaking­ passing steps of the catalysis. The inhibition model emphasizes the importance of the binding pocket conformation in determining the binding specificity and potency. This 'conformation-fitting model ' explains most structure-activity relationships of quinolones as well as observations in quinolone-resistance patterns. Recent publications imply that the target of quinolones may also be the bacterial topoisomerase IV, which is another essential type II enzyme discovered recently in E. coli and shown to be necessary for DNA segregation at the final stage of cell division. These two enzymes share high degree of sequence homology as well as quinolone sensitivity in vitro and in vivo. Results of genetic analysis of resistant mutants further support the notion that topoisomerase IV may be a primary target of quinolone action in Staphylococcus aureus.
Unsupervised Deep learning-based Feature Fusion Approach for Detection and Analysis of COVID-19 using X-ray and CT Images
Authors: Ravi Vinayakumar , Pham Tuan D.
Published: September 2022

Aims:

This study investigates an unsupervised deep learning-based feature fusion approach for the detection and analysis of COVID-19 using chest X-ray (CXR) and Computed tomography (CT) images.

Background:

The outbreak of COVID-19 has affected millions of people all around the world and the disease is diagnosed by the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test which suffers from a lower viral load, and sampling error, etc. Computed tomography (CT) and chest X-ray (CXR) scans can be examined as most infected people suffer from lungs infection. Both CT and CXR imaging techniques are useful for the COVID-19 diagnosis at an early stage and it is an alternative to the RT-PCR test.

Objective:

The manual diagnosis of CT scans and CXR images are labour-intensive and consumes a lot of time. To handle this situation, many AI-based solutions are researched including deep learning-based detection models, which can be used to help the radiologist to make a better diagnosis. However, the availability of annotated data for COVID-19 detection is limited due to the need for domain expertise and expensive annotation cost. Also, most existing state-of-the-art deep learning-based detection models follow a supervised learning approach. Therefore, in this work, we have explored various unsupervised learning models for COVID-19 detection which does not need a labelled dataset.

Methods:

In this work, we propose an unsupervised deep learning-based COVID-19 detection approach that incorporates the feature fusion method for performance enhancement. Four different sets of experiments are run on both CT and CXR scan datasets where convolutional autoencoders, pre-trained CNNs, hybrid, and PCA-based models are used for feature extraction and K-means and GMM techniques are used for clustering.

Results:

The maximum accuracy of 84% is achieved by the model Autoencoder3-ResNet50 (GMM) on the CT dataset and for the CXR dataset, both Autoencoder1-VGG16 (KMeans and GMM) models achieved 70% accuracy.

Conclusion:

Our proposed deep unsupervised learning, feature fusion-based COVID-19 detection approach achieved promising results on both datasets. It also outperforms four well-known existing unsupervised approaches.
The effect of red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) peel meal on internal organs, ileal coliform, and growth performances in broiler chickens
Authors: Yuanita Iis , Silitonga Lisnawaty , Ginting Hanna Oktaviani Br. , Christiani Elysabet , Lisna Lisna , Fajar Rizky , Tobias Efraim
Published: September 2022

The study evaluated the effect of feeding red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) peel meal on internal organs, ileal coliform counts, and growth performances in broiler chicken. A total of 96 birds of unsexed one-day-old broiler (Ross strain) were randomly divided into four dietary treatments and six replications with four birds each. The dietary treatments were basal diet as a control diet (DPM0), basal diet added with 0.5% red dragon fruit peel meal (DPM1), and 1% red dragon fruit peel meal (DPM2), and 1.5% red dragon fruit peel meal (DPM3). The cecum and carcass percentage in the broiler was significantly enhanced (p<0.05). At the same time, the coliform total in the ileum and abdominal fat were significantly decreased (p<0.05) with the increasing level of feeding dragon fruit peel meal. The difference in other internal organs' feed intake and body weight gain during the treatments were insignificant (p>0.05) after five weeks of feeding. In conclusion, the red dragon fruit peel meal effectively improves growth performance and gut health by increasing carcass percentage and decreasing abdominal fat production and ileal coliform count in broiler chickens.
Evaluation of the Use of Date Seed Flour in Feed on the Small Intestine Characteristics of Broiler
Authors: Sholichatunnisa Ilmiatus , Natsir Muhammad Halim , Susilorini Tri Eko , Adli Danung Nur , Sjofjan Osfar
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine and evaluate the use of date seed flour in feed on the small intestine characteristics of broilers. This study used 200 Day Old Chick (DOC) broilers with type MB 202. This study used a field experiment method with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 5 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments used were P0: basal feed without the use of date seed flour (DSF), P1: basal feed using 2.5% DSF, P2: basal feed using 5% DSF, P3: basal feed using 7.5% DSF, P4: basal feed using 10% DSF. The variables measured in this study were the number of villi, villi height, villi surface area, crypt depth, digesta pH, and digesta viscosity. The data obtained during the study were processed using Microsoft Excel software and analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and continued with Duncan's Multiple Range Test if the results obtained were significantly different (P<0.05) or very significantly different (P< 0.01). This study gave results that were not significantly different (P>0.05) on the number of villi, villi height, villi surface area, crypt depth, and digesta pH. However, this study was able to give very significantly different results (P<0.01) in digesta viscosity. The conclusion of this study is the use of date seed flour in feed up to 10% was able to give good results on the number of villi, villi height, villi surface area, crypt depth, and digesta pH of the small intestine of broilers, but it has not been able to give good results on the digesta viscosity of the small intestine of broilers.
Qualitative and Quantitative Characteristics Analysis in Texel Crossed , Dorper and Fat Tailed Sheep
Authors: Maylinda Sucik , Nurgiartingsih VM. A. , Isnaeni N. , Siswijono S. B. , Furqon A.
Published: September 2022

The aims of present study was to evaluate the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of imported sheep such as Texel crossed and Dorper sheep, compared with local sheep (Fat Tail Sheep/FTS) in almost the same region, namely Pujon and Karangkates. This research was a field research with case study methods and research materials as many as 39 for Texel crossed sheep, 19 for Dorper sheep and 37 for FTS. The age of the sheep ranges from 1.5 to 3 years (some have their first calf). Qualitative data were analyzed by Population Genetics Analysis and quantitative data were analyzed by One-Way Design Anova using Minitab software version 13. The results showed that: (1) Qualitative traits in Texel crossed , Dorper and FTS sheep showed that some traits underwent fixation where one of the traits was fixed. One allele in Texel crossed and Dorper sheep has disappeared and no longer exist in its origin place such as horned and hornless traits, white body color and black head, erect ears, while in FTS sheep it is still polymorphic, especially in the hornless and drooping ears in FTS. The white color on the FTS seems to have been fixed, because the dominant gene frequency/ p = 1 and the recessive gene frequency/ q = 0. (2) The quantitative traits such as body weight, in which the body weights of the Texel crossed , Dorper and FTS breed were different in the study, and the Dorper sheep the highest body weights, while the body weights of Texel crossed and FTS sheep were almost the same. Dorper sheep had the highest head index, and Texel crossed sheep and FTS sheep had the same head index. It was concluded that Texel crossed and Dorper sheep had many fixed qualitative characteristics such as horns, erect and drooping ears, white body color and black head in FTS sheep were quite polymorphic in horns and erect and drooping ears. The best growth of Dorper sheep because Dorper sheep was originated from a crossing between Dorset and Black Persian sheep.
Study of the quality and integrity of spermatozoa acrosome caps in frozen sexing semen Friesian Holstein cattle
Authors: Aldini Sitiadira Aulia , Isnaini Nurul , Yekti Aulia Puspita Anugra , Susilawati Trinil
Published: September 2022

Artificial insemination (AI) of dairy cows using sexing semen is the right choice to obtain female calves as replacement stock. The success of AI is influenced by the quality of the spermatozoa used. The purpose of this study was to determine the quality of semen produced by Lembang Artificial Insemination Center. The material used is 30 frozen semen straws of FH cattle produced by Lembang Artificial Insemination Center. This research method uses observational methods. The research variables included individual motility, viability, abnormalities, concentration, total motile spermatozoa, and intact acrosome caps of spermatozoa. The data obtained were analyzed by the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test and continued with Duncan's test if significantly different. The results showed that individual motility, concentration, total motile spermatozoa, and intact acrosome caps of spermatozoa had a very significant effect on all treatments (P<0.01), while spermatozoa abnormalities had a significant effect (P<0.05) on all treatments, but on viability, there was no effect (P> 0.05) in all treatments. Motility of individual spermatozoa in non-sexing semen (55.80Â±4.56)%, sperm X (46.30Â±5.36)%, sperm Y (46.70Â±6.40)%. Viability of spermatozoa in non-sexing semen (74.57Â±4.05)%, sperm X (73.24Â±2.30)%, sperm Y (72.51Â±2.68)%. Spermatozoa abnormalities in non-sexing semen (2.73Â±2.24)%, sperm X (4.94Â±1.57)%, sperm Y (3.25Â±2.72)%. Concentration of non-sexing semen (33.88Â±1.98 million/mini straw), sperm X (25.06Â±4.29 million/mini straw), sperm Y (25.13Â±5.74 million/mini straw). The number of sperm motile non-sexing (18.60Â±1.58 million/mini straw), sperm X (11.68Â±2.82 million/mini straw), sperm Y (25, 11.64Â±2.68 million/mini straw). Intact acrosome caps, non-sexing semen (78.40Â±4.84)%, sperm X (74.08Â±3.80)%, sperm Y (70.70Â±4.78)%.
The use of peppermint (Mentha piperita) leaves meal reduces ammonia excreta, increases egg production, and egg quality of laying hens
Authors: Adjis Asril , Tantu Rizal , Sarjuni Sri , Putri Jihan Aditia Dwi , Kumalasari Rizky , Sundu Burhanudin , Hatta Ummiani
Published: September 2022

A study was carried out to determine the effect of peppermint (Mentha piperita) leaves meal on ammonia production, dry matter excreta, egg production, and the quality of laying hens. A total of 80 laying hens of Lohmann Strain aged 20 weeks old were used as experimental animals. The birds were allocated in individual battery pens. The 20-week-old laying hens were vaccinated for New Castle diseases protection by using VaksimuneÂ®ND B1on day 5 after arrival. The hens were kept for 8 weeks and fed four experimental diets. The diets used were basal diet (BSL), basal + 1% peppermint leaves meal (PLM) (BSL+1PLM), basal + 2% PLM (BSL+2PLM) and basal + 3% PLM (BSL + 3PLM). Feed and drinking water were present at all times. Parameters measured were ammonia concentration, dry matter excreta, hen day production, total egg mass, feed intake, FCR, dry matter digestibility, and quality of 14-days-stored eggs. A completely randomized design with 4 experimental diets and 5 replications was used. Data collected from this study were analyzed by using analysis of variance and tested with the Tukey test. The addition of peppermint leaf meal reduced ammonia production and increases dry matter excreta, total egg mass production, and dry matter digestibility. The Haugh unit, yolk height, and albumen height were improved when the eggs were kept for 14 days at room temperature. The addition of peppermint leaves meal decreased the mass loss of 14 days-stored eggs. In conclusion, supplementation of diets with peppermint leaf meal decreased ammonia concentration and watery excreta and increased the quality of eggs stored for 14 days at room temperature.
Transparency Prediction of Fraud Violations as an Anti-corruption Culture: Experiment of Decision Tree
Authors: Domas Zico Karya Saputra , Subagio Subagio , Rizkiawan M.
Published: September 2022

Several prominent reports have highlighted the unsatisfactory level of anti-corruption transparency for the private sector in Indonesia. Hence, the anti-corruption vision is still an aspect that deserves to be campaigned for to form an advanced and just civilization. This study aims to obtain a pattern of knowledge in predicting the level of transparency of disclosure of fraud violations based on a data mining approach. The classification function algorithm in this study is a decision tree which is then compared with other classification function algorithms, naive Bayes, and k-nn. The sample in this study is 141 companies combined in the construction, mining, and banking sectors, which are on the IDX for the 2019 period. As a result, the decision tree algorithm provides the second-best performance in predicting the level of corporate transparency, namely an accuracy of 70.92% and an AUC level of 0.740. Then in terms of different tests, the decision tree algorithm is in the same cluster as the algorithm with the best performance because the t-test results show no significant difference. Based on the pattern generated by the decision tree algorithm, the elements of opportunity, pressure, and arrogance are considered key factors in predicting the level of transparency of disclosure of fraud violations. One of them can be interpreted that a company that is supervised by a minimum of four independent commissioners means company tends to be predicted to be more daring in disclosing anti-corruption information in its annual report to the wider public. This study also recommends that every authorized institution in Indonesia can apply a data mining algorithm approach in utilizing the advantages of each agency's internal data volume to map anti-corruption cultural socialization strategies in private sector companies.
Luminescence features of bulk crystals β-(Ga-=SUB=-x-=/SUB=-Al-=SUB=-1-x-=/SUB=-)-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-
Authors: Dementeva E. V.  , Dementev P. A.  , Korenko  N. P.  , Shkarupa I. I.  , Kremleva A. V.  , Panov D. Yu.  , Spiridonov V. A.  , Zamoryanskaya M. V.  , Bauman D. A.  , Odnobludov M. A.  , Romanov A. E.  , Bugrov V. E.
Published: September 2022

This work is devoted to the study of the luminescence inhomogeneity nature of bulk (GaxAl1-x)2O3 samples grown by the Czochralski method. In the study of sample cleavages by the local cathodoluminescence method, regions with different luminescence were observed. To determine the cathodoluminescence contrast nature, we studied the uniformity of the aluminum distribution, the surface topography, and compared the luminescence spectra and the kinetics of emission bands for different regions of the sample. Also, to determine the luminescence bands nature, the crystal was annealed in air at 1000oC. This made it possible to observe the change in luminescence for the same region of the sample. Based on the studies performed, it was concluded that inhomogeneous luminescence is associated with the distribution of point defects. Upon annealing in air, the transformation of nonradiative recombination centers into luminescent centers was observed. Keywords: gallium oxide, luminescence, point defects.
Influence of formation conditions of silicon diodes on their reverse currents
Authors: Bulyarskiy S. V.  , Kitsyuk E. P.  , Lakalin A. V.  , Saurov M. A.  , Svetukhin V. V.  , Orlov A. P.  , Rudakov G. A.
Published: September 2022

In this work, a study was made of the influence of silicon diode manufacturing technology on the emergence of generation and recombination centers. The electrical characteristics of p-n junctions formed in different ways on n-type silicon substrates were compared: a) the p-type layer was created by the diffusion method; b) the p-type layer was formed by ion implantation into an epitaxial n-layer preliminarily grown on the substrate; c) two n- and p-type epitaxial layers were successively deposited on the substrate. It has been established that for diodes based on a double epitaxial layer, the direct and reverse current-voltage characteristics (CVC) are due to the diffusion mechanism, and the structures themselves have a low concentration of recombination centers. At the same time, in diodes based on the diffusion method and ion implantation, the CVCs are due to the generation-recombination mechanism. With reverse bias, electron-phonon processes play a significant role in the formation of the CVC, and with forward bias, carrier recombination in the region of the space charge of the p-n junction. The concentrations and energies of recombination centers have been determined. Keywords: forward and reverse current-voltage characteristic, p-n junction, diffusion, ion implantation, epitaxy, recombination centers, the Poole--Frenkel effect, electron-phonon interaction.
A Decentralized Marketplace for Patient-Generated Health Data: Design Science Approach (Preprint)
Authors: Subramanian Hemang
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND

Wearable devices have limited ability to store and process such data. Currently, individual users or data aggregators are unable to monetize or contribute such data to wider analytics use cases. When combined with clinical health data, such data can improve the predictive power of data-driven analytics and can proffer many benefits to improve the quality of care. We propose and provide a marketplace mechanism to make these data available while benefiting data providers.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to propose the concept of a decentralized marketplace for patient-generated health data that can improve provenance, data accuracy, security, and privacy. Using a proof-of-concept prototype with an interplanetary file system (IPFS) and Ethereum smart contracts, we aimed to demonstrate decentralized marketplace functionality with the blockchain. We also aimed to illustrate and demonstrate the benefits of such a marketplace.

METHODS

We used a design science research methodology to define and prototype our decentralized marketplace and used the Ethereum blockchain, solidity smart-contract programming language, the web3.js library, and node.js with the MetaMask application to prototype our system.

RESULTS

We designed and implemented a prototype of a decentralized health care marketplace catering to health data. We used an IPFS to store data, provide an encryption scheme for the data, and provide smart contracts to communicate with users on the Ethereum blockchain. We met the design goals we set out to accomplish in this study.

CONCLUSIONS

A decentralized marketplace for trading patient-generated health data can be created using smart-contract technology and IPFS-based data storage. Such a marketplace can improve quality, availability, and provenance and satisfy data privacy, access, auditability, and security needs for such data when compared with centralized systems.
Reproductive Health Experiences Shared on TikTok by Young People: Content Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Nair Isha , Patel Sophia P , Bolen Ashley , Roger Samantha , Bucci Kayla , Schwab-Reese Laura , DeMaria Andrea L
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND

TikTok is a popular social media platform that allows users to create and share content through short videos. It has become a place for everyday users, especially Generation Z users, to share experiences about their reproductive health. Owing to its growing popularity and easy accessibility, TikTok can help raise awareness for reproductive health issues as well as help destigmatize these conversations.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to identify and understand the visual, audio, and written components of content that TikTok users create about their reproductive health experiences.

METHODS

A sampling framework was implemented to narrow down the analytic data set. The top 6 videos from each targeted hashtag (eg, #BirthControl, #MyBodyMyChoice, and #LoveYourself) were extracted biweekly for 16 weeks (July-November 2020). During data collection, we noted video characteristics such as captioning, music, likes, and cited sources. Qualitative content analysis was performed on the extracted videos.

RESULTS

The top videos in each hashtag were consistent over time; for example, only 11 videos appeared in the top 6 category for #BirthControl throughout the data collection. Most videos fell into 2 primary categories: personal experiences and informational content. Among the personal experiences, people shared stories (eg, intrauterine device removal experiences), crafts (eg, painting their pill case), or humor (eg, celebrations of the arrival of their period). Dancing and demonstrations were commonly used in informational content.

CONCLUSIONS

TikTok is used to share messages on myriad reproductive health topics. Understanding users’ exposure provides important insights into their beliefs and knowledge of sexual and reproductive health. The study findings can be used to generate valuable information for teenagers and young adults, their health care providers, and their communities. Producing health messages that are both meaningful and accessible will contribute to the cocreation of critical health information for professional and personal use.
Pengalaman Keluarga dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Hidup Pasien Pasca Strok
Authors: Netti Netti , Suryarinilsih Yosi , Budi Hendri
Published: September 2022

Latar Belakang: Strok merupakan kondisi medis akibat terganggunya aliran darah ke otak yang menyebabkan kematian sel sehingga sering mengakibatkan kelumpuhan. Kelumpuhan pada usia produktif dapat menyebabkan kepercayaan diri pasien menurun. Hal ini dapat mempengaruhi kualitas hidup pasien di beberapa domain kehidupan, seperti fungsi fisik dan mental, kemampuan untuk melakukan aktivitas/peran sehari-hari.Tujuan: Menggali pengalaman keluarga dalam meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien pasca strok.Metode: Penelitian yang digunakan berbasis kualitatif melalui pendekatan fenomenologi, dengan partisipan sebanyak 6 orang. Hasil penelitian dianalisis menggunakan metode Colaizzi.Hasil: Keluarga sulit membedakan kondisi pasien strok berulang serta tanda dan gejala kerusakan, sedangkan respons emosional ketika terjadi strok berulang adalah menangis, cemas, takut kehilangan anggota keluarganya dan respons simpatik oleh keluarga. Massage ringan dan kompres hangat adalah tindakan yang sering dilakukan apabila ada permasalahan dengan gangguan sendi.Kesimpulan: Penelitian ini menghasilkan 4 tema, yaitu mengenal gejala awal terserang strok berulang, bagaimana respons psikososial keluarga menghadapi strok berulang, penyebab keterlambatan dibawa ke rumah sakit, dan pertolongan pertama sebelum pasien dibawa ke rumah sakit.
Uji Tingkat Penerimaan Masyarakat terhadap Teknologi GAMA Rain Filter dengan Metode “UTAUT” dan Perbandingan Kualitas Air Hujan dengan Air Sumur Penduduk
Authors: Maryono Agus , Nugroho Andri Prasetyo , Prasetyo Agus , Sembada Pratama Tirza Surya
Published: September 2022

Latar Belakang: Kebutuhan air bersih di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) meningkat disebabkan peningkatan jumlah penduduk. Pemerintah DIY membantu penduduk sebanyak 59 instalasi pemanen air hujan GAMA RainfilterTujuan: Mengetahui faktor dominan pada penerimaan masyarakat (Behavioral Intention) terhadap bantuan alat GAMA Rainfilter dan menganalisis kualitas air hujan pada GAMA Rainfilter dibanding dengan air sumur penduduk.Metode: Penelitian crossectional dilakukan pada 59 intalasi GAMA Rainfilter dan masyarakat pengguna. Evaluasi tingkat penerimaan masyarakat terhadap GAMA Rainfilter menggunakan Model Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) yang terdiri dari (Performance Expectancy, Effort Expectancy, Social Influence, dan atau Facilitating Condition). Kualitas air hujan yang diuji di Laboratorium BTKLPP, Yogyakarta, dibandingkan dengan kualitas air sumur dari data DLHK Yogyakarta.Hasil: Effort Expectancy (kemudahan membuat, memasang, mengoperasikan, dan memelihara) berpengaruh mederat-dominan terhadap Behavior Intension (p = 0,005), sedangkan Performance Expectancy, Social Influence, and Facilitating Conditions tidak berpengaruh signifikan. Kualitas fisik, kimia, dan biologi air hujan secara umum pada 5 kabupaten di Provinsi DIY  lebih baik dibanding air sumur.Kesimpulan: Instalasi GAMA Rainfilter dapat diterima masyarakat karena faktor Effort Expectancy dan air hujan mempunyai kualitas fisika, kimia dan biologi lebih baik dari air sumur. Air hujan dapat dipakai sebagai alternatif air bersih dan air minum yang secara berkelanjutan dapat meningkatkan kesehatan masyarakat.
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF UV SPECTROSCOPIC METHOD FOR ESTIMATION OF ABACAVIR IN TABLET DOSAGE FORM
Authors: TOKEY AKHILESH S. , SURYAWANSHI MUGDHA R. , TAMBE PRANAV P.
Published: September 2022

Objective: To develop and validate simple, rapid, linear, accurate, precise and economical UV Spectroscopic method for estimation of Abacavir in tablet dosage form.

Methods: The drug is freely soluble in analytical grade methanol. The drug was identified in terms of solubility studies and on the basis of melting point done on the melting point apparatus of Equiptronics. It showed absorption maxima were determined in analytical grade methanol. The drug obeyed the Beer’s law and showed good correlation of concentration with absorption, which reflect in linearity. The UV spectroscopic method was developed for estimation of Abacavir in tablet dosage form and also validated as per ICH guidelines.

Results: The drug is freely soluble in analytical grade methanol, slightly soluble in water and practically insoluble in ethanol. So, the analytical grade methanol is used as a diluent in method. The melting point of Abacavir was found to be 164-165 ˚C (uncorrected). It showed absorption maxima 256 nm in analytical grade methanol. On the basis of absorption spectrum the working concentration was set on 15µg/ml (PPM). The linearity was observed between 5-25 μg/ml (PPM). The results of analysis were validated by recovery studies. The recovery was found to be 98.75, 101 and 99.17% for three levels respectively. The % RSD for precision was found to be 0.32% and for Ruggedness is 0.46%

Conclusion: A simple, rapid, linear, accurate, precise and economical UV Spectroscopic method has been developed for estimation of Abacavir in tablet dosage form. The method could be considered for the determination of Abacavir in quality control laboratories.
Metabolic Syndrome in Quilombola Populations Environmentally Exposed to Organophosphate Pesticides in the State of Pará- Brazil
Authors: Lopes Amanda Cavalcante , Marques Núbia Rocha , Mendes Rosivaldo de Alcantara , Faial Kleber Raimundo Freitas , Miranda Antônio Marcos Mota
Published: September 2022

The quilombola community Médio Itacuruçá in the municipality of Abaetetuba is in permanent contact with Organophosphate pesticides. Knowledge about this environmental exposure and the Metabolic Syndrome (MS) can be especially useful for understanding its impact on human health. Materials and methods: descriptive, cross-sectional study. Sample of 115 individuals, over 18 years old, both genders. Erythrocyte Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) values between 2.6-4.1 IU/mL and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) values between 1.5-3.5 IU/mL were considered within the normal range. The diagnosis of Metabolic Syndrome (MS) was established according to the Joint Interim Statement protocol. Results and Conclusion: 33% of the quilombola population had MS. In the group with MS, the average value of BChE was 3.60 IU/mL, and in the control group, 3.94 IU/mL. The Mann-Whitnney U test was also performed to define the p-value, getting a result of 0.38. The AChE values were 6.92 IU/mL in the research group and 6.94 IU/mL in the control group, obtaining p-value by the Mann-Whitnney U test of 0.974. Thus, there was a low association between AChE, BChE and MS.