bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Afirma GEC and GSC to Nodules Without Molecular Testing in Cytologically Indeterminate Thyroid Nodules
Authors: Polavarapu Preethi , Fingeret Abbey , Yuil-Valdes Ana , Olson Daniel , Patel Anery , Shivaswamy Vijay , Matthias Troy D , Goldner Whitney
Published: October 2021

Background

Analysis of cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodules with Afirma Gene Expression Classifier (GEC) and Genomic Sequencing Classifier (GSC) can reduce surgical rate and increase malignancy rate of surgically resected indeterminate nodules.

Methods

Retrospective cohort analysis of all adults with cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodules from January 2013 through December 2019. We compared surgical and malignancy rates of those without molecular testing to those with GEC or GSC, analyzed test performance between GEC and GSC, and identified variables associated with molecular testing.

Results

468 indeterminate thyroid nodules were included. No molecular testing was performed in 273, 71 had GEC, and 124 had GSC testing. Surgical rate was 68% in the group without molecular testing, 59% in GEC, and 40% in GSC. Malignancy rate was 20% with no molecular testing, 22% in GEC, and 39% in GSC (P = 0.022). GEC benign call rate (BCR) was 46%; sensitivity, 100%; specificity, 61%; and positive predictive value (PPV), 28%. GSC BCR was 60%; sensitivity, 94%; specificity, 76%; and PPV, 41%. Those with no molecular testing had larger nodule size, preoperative growth of nodules, and constrictive symptoms and those who underwent surgery in the no molecular testing group had higher body mass index, constrictive symptoms, higher Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System and Bethesda classifications. Type of provider was also associated with the decision to undergo surgery.

Conclusion

Implementation of GEC showed no effect on surgical or malignancy rate, but GSC resulted in significantly lower surgical and higher malignancy rates. This study provides insight into the factors that affect the real-world use of these molecular markers preoperatively in indeterminate thyroid nodules.
Living in the Skin of a Theory
Authors: Baldino Nat
Published: October 2021

This essay argues for an imaginative reading practice in which the “trans” and the “study” of transgender studies are shown as coconstitutive. Arguing that the problem of incommensurability leads transgender studies to spend more time on the signifier trans than on the study of transgender studies, this essay uses the intuitive, ambivalent, and nuanced methodology of Toni Cade Bambara's Salt Eaters to open up space for a trans study that is more capacious, yet still tethered to the experience of living in one's skin as not only content but also form. Ultimately, this essay wonders how transgender studies can learn to live in the skin of a theory, in all its contradiction and strange negotiations, using the same imagination we use to make sense of our own embodied selves.
Cell death-inducing cytotoxicity in truncated KCNQ4 variants associated with DFNA2 hearing loss
Authors: Kojima Takashi , Wasano Koichiro , Takahashi Satoe , Homma Kazuaki
Published: October 2021

KCNQ4 encodes the homotetrameric voltage-dependent potassium ion channel Kv7.4, and is the causative gene for autosomal dominant nonsyndromic sensorineural hearing loss, DFNA2. Dominant-negative inhibition accounts for the observed dominant inheritance of many DFNA2-associated KCNQ4 variants. In addition, haploinsufficiency has been presumed as the pathological mechanism for truncated Kv7.4 variants lacking the C-terminal tetramerization region, as they are unlikely to exert a dominant-negative inhibitory effect. Such truncated Kv7.4 variants should result in relatively mild hearing loss when heterozygous; however, this is not always the case. In this study, we characterized Kv7.4Q71fs (c.211delC), Kv7.4W242X (c.725G>A) and Kv7.4A349fs (c.1044_1051del8) in heterologous expression systems and found that expression of these truncated Kv7.4 variants induced cell death. We also found similar cell death-inducing cytotoxic effects in truncated Kv7.1 (KCNQ1) variants, suggesting that the generality of our findings could account for the dominant inheritance of many, if not most, truncated Kv7 variants. Moreover, we found that the application of autophagy inducers can ameliorate the cytotoxicity, providing a novel insight for the development of alternative therapeutic strategies for Kv7.4 variants.
Sexual Violence in Sport: Expanding Awareness and Knowledge for Sports Medicine Providers
Authors: Joy Elizabeth A. , Herring Stanley A. , Nelson Colin , Cohen Judith , Dugan Sheila A. , Flatt Rachael , Goldfarb Lee , Greinig Susan , Koontz Jennifer Scott , Schmitz Kathryn H. , Wagner Jessica
Published: October 2021

Athletes are vulnerable to sexual violence. Perpetrators of sexual violence may be a trusted coach, a member of the health care team, or a peer. The consequences of sexual violence are wide ranging, resulting in immediate and long-term physical and mental health outcomes that require recognition and comprehensive, multidisciplinary care. Sports medicine providers need to have specific knowledge and skill to care for athletes who experience sexual violence. Several sports organizations (e.g., International Olympic Committee, United States Olympic and Paralympic Committee, the National Collegiate Athletic Association, and the National Athletic Trainers' Association) have developed policies and procedures to prevent sexual violence and help sports medicine specialists provide care and services for athletes affected by sexual violence. Nevertheless, there remains a need for clinical guidelines, screening tools, and education, as well as clinical best practices to address sexual violence in sports medicine.
Spectrum of imaging manifestations of tumour recurrences in orthotopic neobladder
Authors: Sanyal Shanti Ranjan , Kodituwakku Keneth , Nagra David , Gupta Manish , Nisreen Amin , Mohamed Khattab
Published: October 2021

Continent diversion with orthotopic neobladder is the most upcoming form of urinary diversion postradical cystectomy. This allows patients to void through the native urethra preserving the maximal quality of life. These patients with greater life expectancies increasingly present with a wide range of late complications, which also include local recurrences involving neobladder. Such presentations on surveillance scans can be challenging for radiologists unfamiliar with expected post-surgical anatomy and usual sites of local recurrences. Tumour in neobladder, although rare, has predilection concerning specific sites of involvement and few distinct histological types. Major subtypes of such recurrences with corresponding radiological features on multimodality imaging have been discussed in this article. Management of such cases with revision of diversions is challenging, and surgeons expect a meticulous read of such scans before contemplating pelvic clearance and secondary diversions. This pictorial review aims to appraise the literature related to various primary and secondary types of tumours involving reservoir and anastomotic sites in an orthotopic neobladder, their relative incidences and illustrate salient imaging points with case examples.
Διερεύνηση απόψεων κοινωνικών ομάδων για την ανάδειξη πολιτικών οικοπροστασίας και ανάπτυξης του Εθνικού Θαλάσσιου Πάρκου Βορείων Σποράδων
Authors: Καραντώνη Μελπομένη-Ειρήνη
Published: October 2021

Η προοπτική να εξαφανιστούν από τον πλανήτη πολλά φυτικά και ζωικά είδηή μοναδικά τοπία και η συνειδητοποίηση του μεγάλου κινδύνου από τον άνθρωποείχε ως αποτέλεσμα την κινητοποίηση της ανθρωπότητας για την λήψη μέτρων κατάτης καταστροφικής αυτής πορείας. Για το λόγο αυτό τα τελευταία χρόνιαπαρατηρείται μια ευαισθητοποίηση και κινητοποίηση σε παγκόσμιο επίπεδο σεθέματα που αφορούν το φυσικό αλλά και το ανθρωπογενές περιβάλλον. Κάτω από τησυνεχή υποβάθμιση της ποιότητας ζωής λόγω της υποβάθμισης της φύσης οιαπαιτήσεις για βιώσιμη χρήση των φυσικών πόρων έχουν αυξηθεί. Έτσι, σήμεραγίνονται προσπάθειες οργανωμένης δράσης σε όλο τον κόσμο για τη διατήρηση τηςβιοποικιλότητας και την προστασία των φυσικών οικοσυστημάτων (Νόνα 2010). Οιανησυχητικές διαστάσεις της εξαφάνισης μορφών ζωής από τον πλανήτη –αυτοφυούς χλωρίδας και άγριας πανίδας – οδήγησαν τη διεθνή κοινότητα στηναναγκαιότητα λήψης μέτρων για τη διατήρηση και προστασία του φυσικούπεριβάλλοντος (Χατζημαρκάκη, 2003; Φλογαΐτη, 2006).Η θεσμοθέτηση Προστατευόμενων Περιοχών με στόχο την προστασία καιδιαχείριση της βιοποικιλότητας καθώς και της διατήρησης περιοχών με ιδιαίτερηφυσική ομορφιά και ιδιαίτερα χαρακτηριστικά, αποτελεί ευκαιρία για βιώσιμηανάπτυξη που σέβεται τη φύση και τον άνθρωπο και αφήνει τους φυσικούς πόρουςως κληροδότημα στις επόμενες γενιές (Walkey et al.,1999).Στη παρούσα εργασία γίνεται προσπάθεια διερεύνησης και καταγραφής τωναπόψεων των κατοίκων, κυνηγών και αλιέων των Βορείων Σποράδων σχετικά με τηνανάδειξη, ανάπτυξη και προστασία του Ε.Θ.Π.Α.Β.Σ. μέσω προσωπικώνσυνεντεύξεων με κύριο εργαλείο το ερωτηματολόγιο. Μέσα από τις απαντήσεις τωνερωτώμενων φαίνεται ότι το θαλάσσιο πάρκο είναι αποδεκτό από την τοπικήκοινωνία παρόλο που δεν γνωρίζουν τους λόγους ίδρυσης του, αναγνωρίζουν τηνμεγάλη του αξία, τα οφέλη που δημιουργούνται απ’ αυτό, ωστόσο φοβούνται γιανέους περιορισμούς και απαγορεύσεις παρόλο που συμφωνούν με τους ήδη υπάρχων.Η τοπική κοινωνία επιθυμεί την επέκταση του σε αντίθεση με τους κυνηγούς καιαλιείς και όλοι επιθυμούν να συμμετάσχουν στις διαδικασίες λήψης αποφάσεωνσχετικά με το θαλάσσιο πάρκο. Η ενημέρωση τους θεωρείται μέτρια ως καλή σε ότιαφορά θέματα του πάρκου και ενημερώνονται κυρίως από το διαδίκτυο, το φιλικό –οικογενειακό περιβάλλον και τους Κυνηγετικούς – Αλιευτικούς συλλόγους. Η εικόναπου έχουν για τον Φορέα Διαχείρισης και την περιβαλλοντικη΄οργάνωση Mom είναιουδέτερη ως αρνητική. Τέλος, γίνεται αξιολόγηση διαφόρων προτάσεων πουαφορούν τόσο για την προστασία όσο για την ανάπτυξη και ανάδειξη του θαλάσσιουπάρκου.
Ανάπτυξη ολοκληρωμένων κυκλωμάτων για οπτική διασύνδεση σε κέντρα δεδομένων και σε υπολογιστικά συστήματα υψηλών επιδόσεων
Authors: Κανάκης Ιωάννης
Published: October 2021

Μέχρι τα τέλη του 2023, σχεδόν τα 2/3 του παγκόσμιου πληθυσμού θα έχουν πρόσβαση στο Διαδίκτυο, ενώ ο αριθμός των συσκευών που θα είναι συνδεδεμένες σε δίκτυα έχοντας μια διεύθυνση IP θα είναι περίπου τριπλάσιος από τον παγκόσμιο πληθυσμό. Παράλληλα, με δεδομένη την εξέλιξη του Διαδικτύου των Πραγμάτων, της Τεχνητής Νοημοσύνης και των εφαρμογών νέφους, αναμένεται περαιτέρω έκρηξη στη διακίνηση των δεδομένων ετησίως. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, η κίνηση στα κέντρα δεδομένων για το 2021 αναμένεται να αγγίξει τα 19.5 ΖΒ, όταν το 2016 ήταν μόλις 6 ΖΒ, με την πλειοψηφία αυτής της κίνησης να πραγματοποιείται εντός των κέντρων δεδομένων (71.5%). Γίνεται λοιπόν άμεσα αντιληπτό ότι τα κέντρα δεδομένο κατέχουν βαρύνοντα ρόλο στη διακίνηση της πληροφορίας ενώ η διασύνδεσή τους με όσο το δυνατόν πιο αξιόπιστο, γρήγορο και αποδοτικό -από μεριάς κόστους και κατανάλωσης- τρόπο είναι ζωτική σημασίας. Η παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή επιχειρεί να συμβάλλει ακριβώς στο κομμάτι αυτό. Εκκινώντας από τη μελέτη, το σχεδιασμό και την πειραματική αξιολόγηση ολοκληρωμένων φωτονικών κυκλωμάτων και καταλήγοντας στην πειραματική επίδειξη ενός ταχύρρυθμου και μεγάλου εύρους ζώνης Ενεργού Οπτικού Καλωδίου, προτείνει μια οπτική διασύνδεση εντός των κέντρων δεδομένων που απαντά στις σύγχρονες προκλήσεις. Ο πρώτος βασικός άξονας της διατριβής αφορά στο σχεδιασμό ενός πολυπλέκτη/ αποπολυπλέκτη με αναισθησία στην πόλωση, ολοκληρωμένου σε πλατφόρμα τεχνολογίας SOI. Σκοπός της ανάπτυξης αυτή της δομής είναι η χρήση της για πολυπλεξία/αποπολυπλεξία κατά μήκος κύματος σε ένα Ενεργό Οπτικό Καλώδιο. Για το λόγο αυτό σχεδιάστηκε και μελετήθηκε σε προσομοιωτικό περιβάλλον μια δομή βασισμένη στην τοπολογία ενός συμβολομέτρου Mach-Zehnder εξοπλισμένου με συζεύκτες ΜΜΙ. Ο δεύτερος άξονας της διατριβής αφορά στη μελέτη μονορυθμικών VCSELs με μήκος κύματος λειτουργίας στο παράθυρο των 1550 nm. Οι δομές αυτές, οι οποίες αποτελούν τα πιο σημαντικά στοιχεία της υπό ανάπτυξη οπτικής διασύνδεσης, αξιολογήθηκαν τόσο ως προς τα χαρακτηριστικά λειτουργίας τους όσο και ως προς τη συμπεριφορά τους σε δυο συστημικά πειράματα. Στο πρώτο πείραμα χρησιμοποιήθηκε μια καινοτόμος μέθοδος δημιουργίας ενός PAM-4 παλμού μέσα από την τεχνική της πολυπλεξίας στην πόλωση ενώ στο δεύτερο πείραμα πραγματοποιήθηκε μετάδοση δεδομένων με ρυθμό 80 Gb/s και τρόπο διαμόρφωση PAM-4. Ο τελευταίος άξονας της διατριβής, αφορά στην πειραματική επίδειξη ολοκληρωμένων συσκευών πομπού, δέκτη και πολυπύρηνης ίνας με διεπαφή απεμπλοκής. Οι δομές αυτές, επέδειξαν άριστα χαρακτηριστικά λειτουργίας και κρίθηκαν κατάλληλες για την υλοποίηση οπτικών διασυνδέσεων κέντρων δεδομένων και υπολογιστικών συστημάτων υψηλών επιδόσεων.
Ritualidad en el área de servicio de la cueva santuario del oppidum de Giribaile.
Authors: Alejo Armijo María , Gutiérrez Sole Luis María , Ortiz Villarejo Antonio Jesús , Alejo Sáez José Antonio , Riquelme Cantal José Antonio
Published: October 2021

En el año 2014 se realizó la primera y, hasta el momento, única campaña de excavación en un centro de culto menor asociado a una ciudad en el territorio político de Cástulo. Su diseño sigue el esquema tradicional de cueva santuario abierta hacia el valle. La intervención en la primera terraza ha permitido documentar varios hogares, una plataforma de adobe, un asador votivo y un registro cerámico coherentes con una práctica ritual vinculada a la comensalidad. La progresiva transformación arquitectónica del área de servicio hacia una terraza abierta podría enmarcarse como parte del proceso de implantación de un sistema ciudadano. Estas novedades referidas a un santuario suburbano completan el significado de los grandes referentes territoriales de las cuevas de Collado de los Jardines y de Castellar.
La iglesia altomedieval de Las Mesas de Villaverde (Málaga), o la intención de construir sobre un macizo rocoso.
Authors: Utrero Agudo Maria Angeles , Álvarez Areces Enrique
Published: October 2021

Desde su presentación a la comunidad científica a inicios del siglo XX, el yacimiento de Las Mesas de Villaverde (Ardales, Málaga) fue identificado de manera mayoritaria con la ciudad andalusí de Bobastro, documentada en las fuentes escritas como baluarte de la revuelta del rebelde ʿUmar Ibn Ḥafṣūn contra el poder emiral a finales del siglo IX. En este lugar, se reconocen hoy un recinto fortificado y dos iglesias, una de ella semirrupestre. La realización de una nueva planimetría de esta última y su investigación arqueológica y geológica han permitido descifrar su proceso de construcción, confirmar su estado inacabado y reconocer sus usos posteriores. Los resultados permiten plantear nuevas cuestiones sobre la posible forma, función, cronología y artífices de esta singular edificación, cuya tipología nada tiene que ver con las iglesias rupestres conocidas en al-Andalus y datadas en fechas similares
Botijas y peruleras en la Ciudad de México colonial: un estudio arqueométrico.
Authors: Terreros Eladio , Tenorio Dolores , Jiménez-Reyes Melania
Published: October 2021

Se presenta el estudio de 50 fragmentos cerámicos recuperados en un predio del centro histórico de la Ciudad de México. La reconstrucción de los fragmentos, su morfología y la comparación con la literatura permitieron identificarlos como contenedores comerciales de los Estilos Temprano (siglo XVI), Medio Tipo A y Medio Tipo B (siglos XVI a XVII). Las pastas cerámicas fueron estudiadas mediante análisis por activación neutrónica instrumental, microscopio electrónico de barrido de bajo vacío, con una sonda de espectrometría de rayos X de energía dispersiva y difracción de rayos X. Basados en esos datos y la literatura existente se identificó la procedencia de los contenedores. La mayoría tuvo como origen los talleres de Sevilla y uno fue manufacturado en Perú. Siendo los contenedores elementos claves en la historia comercial, el hallazgo de botijas en la Ciudad de México, de un origen distinto de España, confirma la interrelación comercial que existió entre las colonias españolas, a pesar de los decretos prohibitivos.
The Theory and Measurement of Expertise-Based Problem Solving in Organizational Teams: Revisiting Demonstrability
Authors: Bonner Bryan L. , Shannahan Daniel , Bain Kristin , Coll Kathryn , Meikle Nathan L.
Published: October 2021

The current paper revisits and builds upon task demonstrability, which defines the criteria necessary for groups to choose a correct response if any member prefers that response. We identify boundary conditions of the current conceptualization of task demonstrability with respect to its use in understanding modern organizational teams. Specifically, we argue that, in its current form, task demonstrability is not optimally suited to studying ongoing teams in which member expertise varies and teams work to complete complex multifaceted tasks. To address this issue, we provide a revisited perspective on demonstrability. We specify the nomological network of revisited demonstrability and recast each of its criteria in a form that preserves the original intent of the construct, but has broader applicability, particularly to organizational contexts. We then discuss theoretical implications and managerial applications of the construct. Finally, noting that there is no standard assessment tool for demonstrability (original or revisited), we develop and validate a measure to facilitate future research.
Detrimental Collaborations in Creative Work: Evidence from Economics
Authors: Vakili Keyvan , Teodoridis Florenta , Bikard Michaël
Published: October 2021

Prior research on collaboration and creativity often assumes that individuals choose to collaborate to improve the quality of their output. Given the growing role of collaboration and autonomous teams in creative work, the validity of this assumption has important implications for organizations. We argue that in the presence of a collaboration credit premium—when the sum of fractional credit allocated to each collaborator exceeds 100%—individuals may choose to work together even when the project output is of low quality or when its prospects are diminished by collaborating. We test our argument on a sample of economists in academia using the norm of alphabetical ordering of authors’ surnames on academic articles as an instrument for selection into collaboration. This norm means that economists whose family name begins with a letter from the beginning of the alphabet receive systematically more credit for collaborative work than economists whose family name begins with a letter from the end of the alphabet. We show that, in the presence of a credit premium, individuals may choose to collaborate, even if this choice decreases output quality. Thus, collaboration can create a misalignment between the incentives of creative workers and the prospects of the project.
Ao gosto do freguês: as manifestações afro-brasileiras no Carnaval do Rio de Janeiro no início do século XX como busca de uma modernidade
Authors: Fernandes Raquel , De Menezes Lopes Handerson , Cometti Oliozi Ana Carolina
Published: October 2021

O trabalho traz reflexões acerca da inserção de aspectos da afrobrasilidade no Carnaval carioca. A ideia é unir tradição e modernidade na construção de uma identidade com a absorção de elementos da cultura afro-brasileira na festa oficial a partir de um desejo da elite e da classe política.
Fiat Lux: Caminhadas pela UERJ
Authors: Coimbra Paranhos Cavalcanti de Paiva Luiza
Published: October 2021

Este artigo é um recorte de minha dissertação intitulada “Tecer espaços com o corpo”, a partir da investigação de séries fotográficas concebidas no espaço da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. O texto expõe questões acerca da diferenciação entre espaço e lugar, a caminhada como experiência estética e a luz como núcleo poético.
Caderno de Formação 2020
Authors: El Birani Isabella De Oliveira , De Souza e Silva Sofia S. , De Souza Aline Beatriz Seixas , Barbosa Amanda Campos , Domiciano Amanda Rezende de França Pizani , Schubert Ana Clara Portela , Alves Bárbara Carneiro Drummond , De Albuquerque Beatriz Sampaio Iacillo , De Araújo Bruna Moraes , Pereira Carolina Marques Garcia Fernandes , Mayall Clara Guaracy , Rocha Ellysson Vicentte Sousa , Castilho Érica Castello , Leão Gabriela Borges de Oliveira , De Azevedo Guilherme Lemos , Velasquez Judy Bonfim , Nogueira Júlia Barros , Ribeiro Luiz Arthur Bittencourt , Costa Mariana Pêgas , De Barros Maria Clara Soares Monteiro , Gomes Maria Helena Paula Motta , Durand Monique Dos Santos Pereira , Vieira Naima Bibas Silva , Fontenele Racquel Crespo , Ourives Rafael , Rodrigues Renata , Teixeira Sérgio Maurício , Carvalho Victória Lopes
Published: October 2021

O Dossiê consiste na reunião dos resumos dos trabalhos de monografia apresentados ao longo do período emergencial de 2020 pelos três cursos de graduação do Instituto de Artes.
Antiglobalismo e Colonialidade: Uma Abordagem Decolonial Sobre a Política Externa Brasileira no Governo Bolsonaro l Antiglobalism and Coloniality: A Decolonial Approach on Brazilian Foreign Policy Under Bolsonaro Government
Authors: Monteagudo Rafael Souto
Published: October 2021

Embora o Brasil tenha participado da chamada onda rosa na América Latina na primeira e em parte da segunda década dos anos 2000, o país passou a experimentar nos últimos anos um movimento crescente de agentes políticos ligados à Direita, que culminou na eleição de Jair Bolsonaro em 2018. A Política Externa do Governo Jair Bolsonaro apresenta algumas rupturas em relação à Política Externa Brasileira das últimas décadas, dentre elas um alinhamento automático aos Estados Unidos da América. Neste estudo, analisamos a forma como conceitos da teoria decolonial introduzidos por Aníbal Quijano e Walter Mignolo, como eurocentrismo e colonialidade do poder, podem auxiliar na compreensão do alinhamento automático com os Estados Unidos observado no Governo Bolsonaro.Palavras-Chave: Política Externa Brasileira; Governo Bolsonaro; Teoria Decolonial.ABSTRACTAlthough Brazil participated in the so-called pink wave, in Latin America, during the first and part of the second decade of the 2000s, the country has experienced, in the last years, a growing movement of political agents linked to the Right-Wing, which culminated in the Jair Bolsonaro´s election in 2018. The Foreign Policy of Jair Bolsonaro Government presents some ruptures in relation to the Brazilian Foreign Policy of the last decades, among them an automatic alignment to United States of America. In this study, we analyze how concepts of decolonial theory introduced by Aníbal Quijano and Walter Mignolo, such as Eurocentrism and coloniality of power, can help to understanding the automatic alignment to United States observed in Bolsonaro Government.Keywords: Foreign Policy; Bolsonaro Government; Decolonial Theory. Recebido em: 03/04/2021 | Aceito em: 05/07/2021.
Avaliação da usabilidade de hipermídia para ensino da sistematização da assistência de enfermagem
Authors: Candido de Oliveira Salvador Pétala Tuani , Tavares Chiavone Flávia Barreto , Amaral Eliana , Domingues Fernandes Maria Isabel , Pereira Santos Viviane Euzébia
Published: October 2021

O processo de avaliação de uma tecnologia educacional objetiva analisar o grau em que o recurso se mostra apropriado para alcançar os seus objetivos, a partir de uma análise sistemática por sujeitos de diferentes grupos, a depender do aspecto que será avaliado. Neste estudo, destaca-se o processo de avaliação de usabilidade de uma hipermídia para apoiar o ensino da sistematização da assistência de enfermagem para discentes dos cursos técnico e de graduação em enfermagem. Objetiva-se avaliar a usabilidade de hipermídia para apoio ao ensino da sistematização da assistência de enfermagem. Estudo descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa. Foi aplicado um questionário eletrônico composto por questões de caracterização, uma adaptação da System Usability Scale e do Suitability Assessment of Materials. A coleta de dados foi realizada de novembro de 2017 a janeiro de 2018, com nove docentes e 11 discentes dos Cursos Superior e Técnico em Enfermagem de uma universidade pública do Nordeste do Brasil. Os dados foram analisados por estatística descritiva. O Score System Usability Scale total foi de 91,9 (docentes) e 83,9 (discentes). Docentes e discentes consideraram a hipermídia eficiente, facilitadora de aprendizagem e demonstraram satisfação com sua usabilidade. A hipermídia foi avaliada com boa e excelente usabilidade pelos discentes e docentes, respectivamente. A hipermídia, disponibilizada no link http://escoladesaude.ufrn.br/saeufrn/, pode ser utilizado pelas diversas instituições de ensino que formam profissionais de enfermagem dos diferentes níveis acadêmicos, bem como pelos serviços assistenciais, como um subsídio para a efetivação desse campo de saber.
Construindo o saber a partir de práticas demonstrativas biológicas no processo de ensino-aprendizagem
Authors: Cruz Priscila Beleza , Oliveira Viviane Guedes de , Menezes Jorge Almeida de , Lima Renato Abreu
Published: October 2021

As feiras de ciências são ferramentas relevantes no processo ensino-aprendizagem do aluno, pois possibilitam a compreensão de conceitos estudados em sala de aula através de demonstrações experimentais, no qual, através do ensino de ciências possibilita uma relação do conhecimento cotidiano com o conhecimento científico, além de favorecer uma contextualização e a interdisciplinaridade. Deste modo, o presente artigo tem como objetivo demonstrar experimentos biológicos envolvendo a contextualização e a interdisciplinaridade da feira de ciências na Escola Estadual Plínio Ramos Coelho. Para atender ao objetivo do projeto, executou-se a feira de ciências no evento intitulado “III Amostra do Saber”, onde se encontrava nove bolsistas do PIBID da Instituição de Educação, Agriculta e Ambiente – IEAA/UFAM. Estes foram divididos em três duplas e um trio, onde ficaram responsáveis em confeccionar um experimento demonstrativo da área da biologia, totalizando quatro experimentos, no qual tinha como propósito contribuir no processo ensino-aprendizagem dos alunos e sociedade presente no evento, além de envolver a contextualização da cientificidade com o cotidiano. Com isto, obtiveram-se resultados satisfatórios, pois os bolsistas do PIBID, alunos da escola e comunidade trocaram experiências por meio dos experimentos realizados na feira de ciências, proporcionando conhecimento para todos os participantes. Por fim, conclui-se que por meio do projeto realizado é possível relacionar e compreender conteúdos vistos anteriormente em sala de aula por meio de demonstrações biológicas.
Age-related Differences in Confrontation Naming Ability according to Visual Stimulus Valence
Authors: Kim Shin Hee , Sung Jee Eun
Published: October 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of emotions on the confrontation naming of healthy elders and young adults.Methods: The study had a total of 60 subjects (30 elders and 30 young adults). In the confrontation naming task, the researcher asked the subjects to say the name of the picture presented on a screen as quickly and accurately as possible.Results: First, the results of the study showed significantly lower accuracy in the elders compared to the young adults and a significant difference in accuracy according to emotional valence. There was a significant difference between positive and neutral emotional valance and between negative and neutral emotional valance. Additionally, the interaction between the group and emotional valence was statistically significant. The post-hoc test showed that the naming accuracy of the elders was lower than that of the young in the negative emotional valance. Secondly, elders had a longer response time than the young adults. Also, there was a significant difference in response time according to emotional valence. There was a significant difference in response time in three emotional valences (positive, negative, neutral), and the response time increased in neutral < positive < negative. Finally, the interaction between the group and emotional valence was statistically significant, which attributed to the longer response time of the elders compared to the young adults in the positive and negative emotional valance.Conclusion: The study results suggest that emotional valence may interfere with word production, and that such interference may be greater for the elderly than for the young.
Visual Attention Patterns in Adults According to the Use of Things in Aided AAC VSDs: An Eye-tracking Study
Authors: Lee Jin Hui , Na Ji Young , Lee Su Hyang , Yi Bong Won
Published: October 2021

Objectives: This study aims to investigate patterns of visual attention on a target object in VSDs (Visual Scene Displays) when they are designed with/without an action of usage of the object. We used eye-tracking technology to evaluate how the action of usage of an object in still photographs influenced the visual attention of adults without disabilities. We tried to examine visual attention on the contents of visual scene displays (VSDs).Methods: 25 college students participated in the study. Eye-tracking technology recorded point-of-gaze while participants viewed 20 photographs. Data from eye-tracking provided information on where participants were visually fixated and paid more attention on the presented VSDs including a target object.Results: Both total fixation duration and average fixation count were statistically significant. Participants visually fixated on the target object longer and more often when the object was being used in the presented VSDs. For AOI (Area Of Interest) time of the first fixation, after analyzing only a partial group that had the data match due to the difference in gaze pattern per subject, the average AOI time of the first fixation was shown to be faster when using an object in 6 out of 10 objects.Conclusion: This study supports the inclusion of an action of an object usage in VSDs suggesting that the act of object usage can partially influence the visual attention pattern of a user.
A Longitudinal Analysis of the Cognitive Function and Related Factors in Older Adults Using a Multilevel Growth Model
Authors: Jo Eunha , Sung Jee Eun , Lee Youngmee
Published: October 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to examine changes in the cognitive function of the elderly over time and to identify factors affecting the cognitive decline by dividing them into multidimensional factors such as socio-demographic factors, physical and mental health factors, hearing factors, and social contact factors.Methods: This study used the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA). A multilevel growth model analysis was conducted on 992 elderly people aged 60 or older who had been measured repeatedly seven times from 2006 to 2018.Results: First, the results showed that the cognitive function of the elderly decreased linearly over the years. Second, the initial status of cognitive function decreased as the age increased and as education level and economic condition decreased. The change rate of the cognitive function increased as education level increased. Third, at each time point, depression level had a negative effect on cognitive function, and subjective hearing condition had a negative effect on cognitive function. These influences decreased over time.Conclusion: The lower the education level, the higher the depression level; and the worse the subjective hearing condition, the more likely the elderly are to experience cognitive decline. Because the impact on cognitive function is large in the early stages of depression and hearing loss, it is necessary to detect them early and to make appropriate intervention to prevent cognitive decline.
Characteristics of Clustering and Switching in Verbal Fluency according to Healthy Elderly Group
Authors: Kim Juyeong , Choi Hyunjoo
Published: October 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of clusters and switches through verbal fluency tasks by different age groups among the elderly.Methods: Ninety-four healthy elderly adults participated in this study. The verbal fluency task consisted of semantic verbal fluency and phonemic verbal fluency. The categories of ‘animal’ and ‘supermarket’ were used for semantic fluency, and the categories ‘/k/’, ‘/o/’ and ‘/s/’ were used for phonemic fluency.Results: First, there was a significant difference between the age groups. The number of correct responses in the verbal fluency task decreased as age increased. Second, the mean cluster size for verbal fluency did not show a significant difference among groups in tasks of semantic and phonemic verbal fluency. Third, the number of switches showed a significant difference between groups in semantic and phonemic verbal fluency. In the post-analysis results of semantic fluency, a significant difference was found in the category of ‘animals’ between the young-old and old-old age group, and a significant difference was found in the number of switches in the category of ‘supermarket’ between the middle-old and old-old age group. Finally, the semantic fluency task showed the highest frequency of perseverative error, and the phonemic fluency task showed the highest frequency of other errors.Conclusion: These results of this study are meaningful in investigating characteristics of cluster and switch as well as the performance of correct rate through the verbal fluency tasks according to the elderly group.
Phonology Processing and Reading Ability in Elementary School-aged children with Cleft Palate
Authors: Choe Yu Gyeong , Ha Seunghee
Published: October 2021

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the phonological processing and reading abilities of elementary school-aged children with and without cleft palate (CP).Methods: The participants were 10 children with CP and 12 typically developing children in the first to the second grades of elementary school. All children with CP in the study were identified with speech and language development problems during preschool age and were recommended speech and language therapy. The performances of phonological processing were measured in terms of phonological awareness (syllable and phoneme awareness), phonological memory (nonword repetition, digit span and backward digit span), and rapid automatized naming. The reading abilities were also measured in terms of decoding, reading fluency and reading comprehension. The correlations among vocabulary, articulation, and phonological processing and reading ability were examined.Results: Children with CP showed significantly lower performances in phonological awareness of syllable level and nonword repetition than typically developing children. Also, significant group differences were seen in all decoding and reading comprehension tasks except reading fluency. The results showed that nonword repetition performances of children with CP were highly correlated with receptive vocabulary and percentage of consonants correct.Conclusion: This study confirmed that school-aged children with CP who showed speech sound disorders in preschool age are likely to have difficulties in phonological processing and reading. Therefore, this study suggested that comprehensive evaluation of phonological processing skills should be performed more actively in preschool children with CP who show speech sound disorders, and intervention should continue to improve reading skills for school age.
A Smart Structure for Environmental Sustainability in Rose Fields
Authors: K Indumathi S
Published: October 2021

Indian floriculture industry has grown by multiple folds in the past decade and has become one of the top ten leading producers of varieties of flower production. This tremendous growth of floriculture industry has proportionally also contributed to the depletion of environmental system. The current work narrows down to handle the environmental hazards of rose farming in the floriculture industry through technology-driven fertilization process. The composition and quantity of nutrients, and the period of its application is very crucial for the plant’s growth.The smart fertigation process helps in providing a balanced nutrient dose to the plants.The internet of things (IoT) is defined as a network of physical objects called as “things” that have embedded with sensors and software that allow these objects to communicate with each other. These objects areaccessed, monitored and controlled remotely. While the reduction of one of the nutrients might result in poor development of the plant, overfeeding of nutrients leads of stagnation of salts and soil wilting. The paper proposes a smart IoT-based fertilizer application infrastructure for an optimal growth of plants with under a controlled usage of fertilizers.The dependency of fertilizers and insecticides during each stage of the plant development is monitored and a smart fertigation infrastructure is built to automate the process of feeding the plants with appropriate chemicals at appropriate intervals.
Early Prediction of Potato Leaf Diseases Using ANN Classifier
Authors: Sanjeev Kumar , Gupta Narendra Kumar , Jeberson W. Jeberson , Paswan Suneeta
Published: October 2021

Potatoes are cultivated in several states of India. Potatoes provides a low-cost energy in human diet. Potatoes are used in industry for making dried food products. Early blight and Late blight are major disease of potato leaf. It is estimated that the major loss occurred in potato yield due to these diseases. In this research, we have collected sample of potato leaf images from Plant Village dataset. This dataset contains 2152 images of potato leaf. It has 3 class of sample of Healthy Leaf, Early Blight and Late Blight. The 76 features are extracted from these images regarding color, texture and area. The extracted features are used to develop a classifier. The developed classifier is based on neural network for prediction and classification of potato image samples. The Feed Forward Neural Network (FFNN) Model is used for prediction and classification of unknown leaf. The accuracy of model is achieved 96.5%. Classifier is helpful in early and accurate prediction of the leaf diseases of potato crop.
High precision measurement for the chamfered hole radius and spacing of a large-size workpiece based on binocular vision combined with plane dynamic adjustment
Authors: Huang Junhui , Qi Miaowei , Wang Zhao , Xing Chao , Gao Jianmin
Published: October 2021

A novel, to the best of our knowledge, hole radius and spacing measurement method is presented based on binocular vision combined with dynamic local plane for the large-size workpiece with plane feature. The novel method overcomes the problem of the ariable working distance and large location error of an abrupt edge for conventional methods. Its measurement principle and model are introduced. Then, a chamfered inner edge extraction method based on the shrinkage of an elliptical band and an adaptive weight optimal calculation based on redundant measurement data are presented to improve the measurement accuracy. Experiments are carried out to validate the presented method, and a high measurement accuracy with a standard deviation of 0.017 mm in the hole radius and 0.021 mm in hole spacing have eventually been achieved for the actual measurement workpieces, respectively. Compared with the common method, the measurement accuracy is improved by at least 77% and 53% in radius and spacing, respectively.
Calibration of intrinsic camera parameters with a conic and its asymptotes
Authors: Liu Xiang , Zhao Yue , Kou Xiaomei
Published: October 2021

This study proposes a method for camera calibration using the properties of conic asymptotes, which are combined with the projective invariance, images of the asymptotes, and image of the absolute points to obtain the vanishing line. Constraints for the image of the absolute conic are obtained from a set of orthogonal vanishing points, the homography, and images of the circular points. The proposed calibration algorithm is compared with several other research methods, and its effectiveness and robustness are verified within a certain error range from the results of simulated and real experiments for different eccentricities without loss of generality.
Reconfigurable and dual-polarization Bragg grating filter with phase change materials
Authors: Wang Yanqun , Zhang Jieying , Jin Huimin , Xu Peipeng
Published: October 2021

Fully reconfigurable optical filters are indispensable building blocks to realize reconfigurable photonic networks/systems. This paper proposes a reconfigurable and dual-polarization optical filter based on a subwavelength grating waveguide operating in the Bragg reflection mechanism and combined with a low-loss phase change material

G
e

2

S
b

2

S
e

4

T
e

1

. Numerical simulations indicate that, for TE(TM) polarization, the presented Bragg grating filter offers up to 20 nm (17 nm) redshift with amplitude modulation of 6 dB (0.15 dB) at 1550 nm. Using the effective medium theory, we obtained the six-level crystallization performance of the optical filter. The proposed optical filter has potential applications in wavelength-division-multiplexing systems, optical signal processing, and optical communications.
Beam-quality improvement with a bio-inspired sunflower array for coherent beam combining
Authors: Liao Jiali , Li Wei , Gao Yang , Tan Yizhou , Sun Yanling , Wang Zihao , Lan Jinrong
Published: October 2021

The beam quality of coherent beam combing (CBC) is significantly affected by the beam
array schemes, which are regular hexagon arrays in most research.
Here, we propose a bio-inspired Fermat spiral array (FSA) for
large-array CBC, for the first time to our knowledge. The far-field
distribution and beam quality of CBC with various designed FSAs was
investigated numerically and experimentally; the simulated and
experimental results agreed with each other. The power in the bucket
(PIB) increased with the central space density of the FSA,
accompanying by the weakening of the far-field sidelobes. In addition,
for the FSA with constant space density, the PIB increased, and
sidelobes weakened with the increase of the array filling factor. The
FSA could effectively improve the PIB and weaken the sidelobe of the
CBC far field by the aperiodic and nonuniform space density
arrangement, compared to the regular arrays. These results provide a
new approach for the beam arrangement of large-array CBC.
Absolute measurement approach for crystal growth height based on a polarization-synchronized phase-shifting interferometer
Authors: Peng Shaojing , Xu Zhaorui , Zang Zhongming , Huang Xin , Wen Chengwei , Zhang Weiguang , Long Xinggui , Liu Dong , Liu Chong
Published: October 2021

The
quality of the solid
deuterium–deuterium (D-D)
layer in the inertial confinement fusion (ICF) target plays a vital
role in the success of fusion experiments. A good understanding of how
the quality is affected by the unstable growth of D-D crystal is
required. This article provides an approach of measuring D-D layer
absolute height in real time by combining monitoring algorithms and a
synchronous phase-shifting interferometer. In the approach taken, a
real-time monitoring technology, in which an antivibration algorithm
is added, is used to get an absolute height of monitoring zone,
overcoming the inability to accurately detect the saltus step in the
interferometric measurement. Meanwhile, the polarization-synchronized
phase-shifting technology is propitious to retrieve the D-D height
distribution in a whole interferogram. Consequently, the categorical
altitude of the D-D layer in entire crystalline regions can be
obtained. Simulation analysis together with experiments have proved
that a non-contact, rapid, and high-precision measurement of the D-D
crystal absolute height can be realized by using the interferometer
and method proposed.
Role of the quintic nonlinear refractive term in the stability of dissipative solitons of the complex Ginzburg–Landau equation
Authors: Soto-Crespo Jose M. , Akhmediev N.
Published: October 2021

We revisit the role of the quintic terms of the complex cubic-quintic Ginzburg–Landau equation in the generation of stable dissipative solitons. Using direct numerical simulations and a qualitative analysis, we show that the presence of one of the two quintic terms is a sine qua non. However, this term is not necessarily the quintic gain saturation term as had been demonstrated by Moores [Opt. Commun. 96, 65 (1993)OPCOB80030-401810.1016/0030-4018(93)90524-9] but can be the higher-order (quintic) nonlinear refraction term. We prove that by numerically solving this equation, and we perform a qualitative analysis that shows that the negative soliton chirp, anomalous dispersion, and spectral filtering are the physical effects responsible for gain saturation in this case.
Method of characterizing the multicomponent spectrum of a VCSEL in devices based on the CPT effect
Authors: Radnatarov D. , Kobtsev S. , Andryushkov V.
Published: October 2021

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a method of spectral measurement of multicomponent radiation emitted by a modulated vertical cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) relying on peculiarities of absorption in alkali metal vapor. The method consists in determination of the radiation spectrum (which is formed due to RF modulation of the injection current of a diode laser) from the dependence of transmittance of rubidium vapor upon the radiation wavelength. We show that the proposed method allows fairly precise measurement of the spectrum of multicomponent radiation used in devices based on the coherent population trapping (CPT) effect when the frequency difference between the radiation components matches that between absorption lines of an alkali metal.
Time-resolved detection of early-arriving ballistic waves in a quasi-diffusive regime
Authors: Cho Jaecheol , Kang Sungsam , Lee Byeongha , Moon Jungho , Lim Yong-Sik , Jang Mooseok , Choi Wonshik
Published: October 2021

Ballistic waves directly carry image information in imaging through a scattering medium, but they are often obscured by much intense multiple-scattered waves. Detecting early arriving photons has been an effective method to extract ballistic waves in the transmission-mode imaging. However, it has been difficult to identify the temporal distribution of ballistic waves relative to the multiple scattering waves in the quasi-diffusive regime. Here, we present a method to separately quantify ballistic and multiple-scattered waves at their corresponding flight times even when multiple scattering is much stronger than the ballistic waves. This is realized by measuring the transmission matrix of an object embedded within scattering medium and comparing the coherent accumulation of ballistic waves with their incoherent addition. To further elucidate the temporal behavior of ballistic waves in quasi-diffusive regime, we analyze the flight time difference between ballistic and multiple-scattered waves and the effect of coherence gating on their relative intensities for the scattering medium of different thicknesses. The presented method to distinctively detect the temporal behavior of ballistic and multiple-scattered waves will lay a foundation to exploit multiple-scattered waves for deep-tissue imaging.
Neural network-assisted signal processing in Brillouin optical correlation-domain sensing for potential high-speed implementation
Authors: Yao Yuguo , Mizuno Yosuke
Published: October 2021

The general neural networks (NNs) based on classification convert the Brillouin frequency shift (BFS) extraction in Brillouin-based distributed sensing to a problem in which the possible BFS output of the sensing system belongs to a finite number of discrete values. In this paper, we demonstrate a method of applying NNs with adaptive BFS incremental steps to signal processing for Brillouin optical correlation-domain sensing and achieve higher accuracy and operation speed. The comparison with the conventional curving fitting method shows that the NN improves the BFS measurement accuracy by 2–3 times and accelerates the signal processing speed by 1000 times for simulated signals. The experimental results demonstrate the NN provides 1.6–2.7 times enhancement for BFS measurement accuracy and 5000 times acceleration for the BFS extraction speed. This method supplies a potential solution to online signal processing for real-time Brillouin sensing.