bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Динамика поведенческих и нейрорецепторных эффектов при остром и многократном введении ноопепта мышам C57BL/6 и BALB/c
Authors: Ковалёв Георгий Иванович , Кондрахин Евгений А. , Салимов Рамиз Меджидович , Незнамов Григорий Георгиевич
Published: July 2018

На инбредных мышах C57BL/6 и BALB/c, различающихся как по эффективности исследовательского поведения и уровням тревожности в закрытом крестообразном лабиринте, так и по плотности NMDA- и бензодиазепиновых (БДЗ) рецепторов в ткани мозга, изучено влияние дипептидного препарата ноопепта после 1-, 7- и 14-кратного введения в ежедневной дозе 1 мг/кг. Установлено, что препарат не оказывает влияния на уровень тревожности и исследовательскую активность мышей C57BL/6 на всех этапах экспериментальной сессии, а плотность глутаматных и ГАМК-рецепторов отличается от таковых у интактных животных лишь после острого введения ноопепта. У мышей линии BALB/c под влиянием ноопепта развивается как анксиолитический, так и ноотропный эффекты, достигающие максимальных значений на 7-й день эксперимента. Ход изменения плотности NMDA-рецепторов в гиппокампе BALB/c под воздействием ноопепта соответствует характеру увеличения индекса эффективности исследовательского поведения, а динамика Bmax БДЗ-рецепторов префронтальной коры мозга реципрокна по отношению к динамике уровня тревожности мышей.
Синтез и новые анксиолитические свойства производного пиразоло[c]пиридина ГИЖ-72
Authors: Жмуренко Людмила Александровна , Кудряшов Никита Викторович , Калинина Татьяна Сергеевна , Воронина Татьяна Александровна
Published: July 2018

Материалы V съезда фармакологов России «Научные основы поиска и создания новых лекарств» (14-18 мая 2018 года, г. Ярославль)
Афобазол восстанавливает содержание дофамина в стриатуме мышей на экспериментальной модели болезни Паркинсона
Authors: Кадников Илья Андреевич , Воронин Михаил Владимирович , Середенин Сергей Борисович
Published: July 2018

Материалы V съезда фармакологов России «Научные основы поиска и создания новых лекарств» (14-18 мая 2018 года, г. Ярославль)
Изучение антиишемической активности дипептидного миметика 4-ой петли фактора роста нервов на модели острой ишемии миокарда
Authors: Ионова Екатерина Олеговна , Пекельдина Евгения Сергеевна , Цорин Иосиф Борисович , Столярук Валерий Николаевич , Вититнова Марина Борисовна , Крыжановский Сергей Александрович
Published: July 2018

Материалы V съезда фармакологов России «Научные основы поиска и создания новых лекарств» (14-18 мая 2018 года, г. Ярославль)
Исследование хронической токсичности препарата ГСБ-106
Authors: Алексеева Светлана Витальевна , Мирошкина Ирина Александровна , Волкова А.В. , Шредер Ольга Васильевна , Захаров А.Д. , Алексеев И.В. , Качалов К.С. , Сорокина Александра Валериановна
Published: July 2018

Материалы V съезда фармакологов России «Научные основы поиска и создания новых лекарств» (14-18 мая 2018 года, г. Ярославль)
Фармакодинамика ноотропных средств
Authors: Ковалев Георгий Иванович
Published: July 2018

Материалы V съезда фармакологов России «Научные основы поиска и создания новых лекарств» (14-18 мая 2018 года, г. Ярославль)
Динамика влияния ноотропов на исследовательскую активность и плотность NMDA-рецепторов
Authors: Кондрахин Евгений Анатольевич , Салимов Рамиз Меджидович , Ковалев Георгий Иванович
Published: July 2018

Материалы V съезда фармакологов России «Научные основы поиска и создания новых лекарств» (14-18 мая 2018 года, г. Ярославль)
Экспериментальная оценка эффектов миметика 4-й петли BDNF на термических моделях ноцицепции и при моделировании синдрома отмены морфина
Authors: Константинопольский Марк Александрович , Чернякова Ирина Владимировна , Колик Лариса Геннадьевна
Published: July 2018

Материалы V съезда фармакологов России «Научные основы поиска и создания новых лекарств» (14-18 мая 2018 года, г. Ярославль)
Исследование влияния соединений с противосудорожной активностью на судорожный порог у животных после перенесенного инсульта
Authors: Кутепова И.С. , Литвинова Светлана Александровна , Воронина Татьяна Александровна
Published: July 2018

Материалы V съезда фармакологов России «Научные основы поиска и создания новых лекарств» (14-18 мая 2018 года, г. Ярославль)
Уровень малонового диальдегида в перитонеальной жидкости и сыворотке крови крыс с уксусным перитонтом
Authors: Матюшкин Александр Иванович , Иванова Е.А. , Золотов Николай Николаевич , Воронина Татьяна Александровна
Published: July 2018

Материалы V съезда фармакологов России «Научные основы поиска и создания новых лекарств» (14-18 мая 2018 года, г. Ярославль)
Афобазол у больных с тревожными расстройствами: клинико-фармакологические закономерности терапевтического действия разных доз препарата
Authors: Метлина Марианна Вячеславовна , Дорофеева Ольга Анатольевна , Телешова Евгения Сергеевна , Незнамов Григорий Георгиевич
Published: July 2018

Материалы V съезда фармакологов России «Научные основы поиска и создания новых лекарств» (14-18 мая 2018 года, г. Ярославль)
Синтез и кардиотропная активность линейных метоксифенилтриазаалканов
Authors: Мокров Григорий Владимирович , Лихошерстов Аркадий Михайлович , Барчуков Владимир Валерьевич , Столярук Валерий Николаевич , Цорин Иосиф Борисович , Вититнова Марина Борисовна , Крыжановский Сергей Александрович , Гудашева Татьяна Александровна , Середенин Сергей Борисович
Published: July 2018

Материалы V съезда фармакологов России «Научные основы поиска и создания новых лекарств» (14-18 мая 2018 года, г. Ярославль)
Прогноситческое значение ЭЭГ при лечении больных в критических состояниях
Authors: Неробкова Любовь Николаевна , Филатова Юлия Борисовна , Воронина Татьяна Александровна
Published: July 2018

Материалы V съезда фармакологов России «Научные основы поиска и создания новых лекарств» (14-18 мая 2018 года, г. Ярославль)
NGF- и BDNF- зависимые механизмы фармакотерапии нейродегенеративных заболеваний и диабета
Authors: Островская Рита Ушеровна
Published: July 2018

Материалы V съезда фармакологов России «Научные основы поиска и создания новых лекарств» (14-18 мая 2018 года, г. Ярославль)
Димерный дипептидный миметик фактора роста нервов ГК-2 - перспективный противоинсультный перпарат
Authors: Поварнина Полина Юрьевна
Published: July 2018

Материалы V съезда фармакологов России «Научные основы поиска и создания новых лекарств» (14-18 мая 2018 года, г. Ярославль)
Фармакологическая регуляция физиологических реакций организма на воздействие высокой температуры и влажности окружающей среды
Authors: Барчуков Владимир Валерьевич
Published: July 2018

Материалы V съезда фармакологов России «Научные основы поиска и создания новых лекарств» (14-18 мая 2018 года, г. Ярославль)
Валидация методики количественного определения соединения ГМЛ-1 в плазме крови крыс с использованием хроматомасс-спектрометрии
Authors: Шевченко Роман Владимирович , Новицкий А.А. , Бочков Павел Олегович , Грибакина Оксана Геннадьевна , Жердев Владимир Павлович
Published: July 2018

Материалы V съезда фармакологов России «Научные основы поиска и создания новых лекарств» (14-18 мая 2018 года, г. Ярославль)
Оригинальный пептидомиметик NGF, ГК-2 ослабляет цитотоксический эффект стрептозотоцина в отношении клеток поджелудочной железы
Authors: Ягубова С.С. , Анисина Елена Александровна , Жанатаев Алий Курманович , Островская Рита Ушеровна
Published: July 2018

Материалы V съезда фармакологов России «Научные основы поиска и создания новых лекарств» (14-18 мая 2018 года, г. Ярославль)
Влияние аналогов циклопролилглицина на поведение мышей Balb/с в тестах "Вынужденное плавание" и "Закрытый крестообразный лабиринт"
Authors: Васильева Е.В. , Абдуллина А.А. , Колясникова Ксения Николаевна , Салимов Р.М. , Ковалев Георгий Иванович
Published: July 2018

Материалы V съезда фармакологов России «Научные основы поиска и создания новых лекарств» (14-18 мая 2018 года, г. Ярославль)
Изучение механизмов кардиопротективного действия агониста σ1-рецепторов анксиолитика афобазола
Authors: Вититнова Марина Борисовна , Кожевникова Л.М. , Цорин Иосиф Борисович , Ионова Екатерина Олеговна , Столярук Валерий Николаевич , Мирошкина Ирина Александровна , Крыжановский Сергей Александрович , Середенин Сергей Борисович
Published: July 2018

Материалы V съезда фармакологов России «Научные основы поиска и создания новых лекарств» (14-18 мая 2018 года, г. Ярославль)
Цитопротекторные эффекты, опосредованные sigma-1 и МТ3 рецепторами
Authors: Воронин Михаил Владимирович , Абрамова Е.В. , Кадников Илья Андреевич , Середенин Сергей Борисович
Published: July 2018

Материалы V съезда фармакологов России «Научные основы поиска и создания новых лекарств» (14-18 мая 2018 года, г. Ярославль)
Ориентированный поиск противоэпилептических препаратов. Производные бензоилпиридина и фенилпирролидона - новые классы соединений с противосудорожной активностью
Authors: Воронина Татьяна Александровна , Литвинова Светлана Александровна , Неробкова Любовь Николаевна , Ковалев Георгий Иванович , Гайдуков Игорь Олегович , Авакян Г.Г. , Жмуренко Людмила Александровна , Мокров Григорий Владимирович
Published: July 2018

Материалы V съезда фармакологов России «Научные основы поиска и создания новых лекарств» (14-18 мая 2018 года, г. Ярославль)
Анализ зависимости между химическим строением и противосудорожной активностью в ряду производных 3- и 4-бензоилпиридина
Authors: Гайдуков Игорь Олегович , Литвинова Светлана Александровна , Воронина Татьяна Александровна , Неробкова Любовь Николаевна , Жмуренко Людмила Александровна , Мокров Григорий Владимирович
Published: July 2018

Материалы V съезда фармакологов России «Научные основы поиска и создания новых лекарств» (14-18 мая 2018 года, г. Ярославль)
Избирательная активация систем трансдукции сигнала, сопряженных с тирозинкиназными рецепторами
Authors: Гудашева Татьяна Александровна , Середенин Сергей Борисович
Published: July 2018

Материалы V съезда фармакологов России «Научные основы поиска и создания новых лекарств» (14-18 мая 2018 года, г. Ярославль)
Генетическая токсикология лекарственных средств
Authors: Жанатаев Алий Курманович , Дурнев Андрей Дмитриевич
Published: July 2018

Материалы V съезда фармакологов России «Научные основы поиска и создания новых лекарств» (14-18 мая 2018 года, г. Ярославль)
Оценка возможности использования ингибиторов ангиотензинпреващающего фермента при моделировании висцеральной боли у мышей
Authors: Иванова Елена Анатольевна , Золотов Николай Николаевич , Воронина Татьяна Александровна
Published: July 2018

Материалы V съезда фармакологов России «Научные основы поиска и создания новых лекарств» (14-18 мая 2018 года, г. Ярославль)
Распространение редкого вида Eucocconeis onegensis Wislouch & Kolbe на европейском северо-востоке России
Authors: Стенина А. С.
Published: July 2018

Проанализировано распространение Eucocconeis onegensis Wislouch et Kolbe в водных объектах европейского северо-востока России. Выявлено местонахождение вида в 23 озерах и реке втаежной, тундровой зонах и на Полярном Урале. Приведены основные физико-химические характеристики большинства водоемов. Расширены представления о распространении и экологии вида.
Юрий Павлович Юдин. 110 лет со дня рождения
Authors: Огродовая Л. Я.
Published: July 2018

Юрий Павлович Юдин прожил недолгую, но плодотворную жизнь, в течение которой он беззавет-но отдавал все свои силы научной работе в мирные дни и защите нашей Родины на фронтах Великой Отечественной войны. После выбора Юрием Павловичем своего жизненного пути в его судьбе четко прослеживаются три периода. Довоенный (1929-1941 гг.), во время которого происходило его вхождение в науку в процессе учебы в университете и становление его как выдающегося ученого-геоботаника во время работы в крупных экспедициях в разных районах Советского Союза – от Хибин до Западной Сибири, от Большеземельской тундры до Северного Кавказа и Средней Азии. Однако, успешно и плодотворно начавшаяся научная деятельность Ю.П. Юдина была прервана войной. С 1942 по 1945 г. Юрий Павлович был на фронте, выполняя общую тогда для всего нашего народа тяжелую работу по освобождению страны от страшного врага. После окончания войны Юрий Павлович вернулся к научной работе и уже не расставался с Севером, полностью посвятив себя изучению  растительности Коми края. По объему проделанной в этот период (1946-1952 гг.) работы, широте охвата и глубине проведенных исследований, это было время масштабных трудов и гениальных прозрений уже зрелого Мастера.
Understanding Wisdom As Experienced By Private University Leaders : A Qualitative Approach
Authors: Raco Jozef
Published: July 2018

Challenges in education were very tough due to the constant changes in social, economic, politic, and culture. It brought about public greater demand for better education. The role of university leaders was getting more complex and difficult. Facing those challenges, a university leader should have wisdom. The purpose of this inquiry was to understand the meaning of wisdom as experienced by university leader. A qualitative approach was used to guide the inquiry. Interviews were conducted with ten university leaders of private universities in Jakarta. The participants were asked to reflect on their experience while acting as university leaders. Transcriptions of the interviews were utilized as text for analysis. Common themes were identified and constitutive pattern emerged from the linked-themes as a new understanding. A new understanding of the meaning of wisdom as university leaders derived. The emerging constitutive pattern identified as 'knowledge' came forward from data interpretation. 'Knowledge' as new meaning and understanding of wisdom was grasped from several themes derived from the text. The participant acknowledge that 'knowledge' was very important for wisdom. Wisdom was impossible to understand without 'knowlwdge'.
Analisis Beban Kalor Pada Ruang Pembekuan dan Efesiensi Daya Kompresor Pada KM Anugrah Bahari, Juana Pati
Authors: Mardiyono Mardiyono
Published: July 2018

Di dalam proses refrigrasi pada KM Anugrah Bahari tidak terlepas dari masalah beban pendingin selama mesin refrigrasi beroperasi. Beban pendinginan yang berleh pada suatu unit refrigrasi tertentu akan berpengaruh pada hasil tangkapan yaitu dapat mempercepat proses pembusukan atau penurunan mutu hasil tangkapan.Sistem refrigrasi pada KM Anugrah Bahari yang terdiri dari komponen pokok yaitu kompresor, kondensor, espansi dan evaporator dan komponen bantu serta komponen kontrol. Untuk mekanisme pada sistem refrigrasi dibagi atas perawatan harian, mingguan, bulanan dan tahunan.
Phenomenology As An Appropriate Method to Understand The Meaning of Entrepreneurship
Authors: Raco Jozef
Published: July 2018

Success in entrepreneurship is always assessed based on company performance and financial measures. While subjective assessment such as self-report measures is neglected. Success in entrepreneurship should be examined from the subjective perspective. It means looking at the values, perceptions, beliefs, assumption and ideas of the entrepreneurs themselves. In other words, researcher has to focus on lived-experience and and entrepreneurs' consciousness. An entrepreneur used to bring his or her own values and perceptions in it. A good method to understand the meaning of entrepreneurship is phenomenological method, which is part of qualitative method. The Phenomenological method derived from the philosophical thinking of Edmund Husserl and Martin Heidegger which stated that a phenomenon exist because of consciousness and experiences. Living experience is unique, subjective and contextual. This paper will present the importance of phenomenology as a method appropriate for this topic. It looks at the human lived experiences and examined comprehend explain the meanings and set aside any pre-judgments regarding the phenomena to avoid preconceptions. The presenter will discuss they way the phenomenological method works. This method will provide an intimate and in-depth meaning based on individual experience. This method will produce insights and findings, which in not available in other methods and helpful to study entrepreneurship
Understanding spirituality as experienced by Catholic entrepreneurs
Authors: Raco Jozef
Published: July 2018

The purpose of this paper is to find out the meaning of spirituality as described by Catholic entrepreneurs based on their daily experiences. The data were collected through open ended interviews. Eight entrepreneurs were interviewed. Data analysis and interpretation used phenomenological approach to get the essential meaning of their experiences. The findings of the study revealed that spirituality was understood as divine power and inner-self driving force that affects the entrepreneurs’ attitude and behaviour toward their business activities. This study is limited to Catholic entrepreneurs. This research has implication to the study of entrepreneurship to offer insight that inner factors have strong influence. For researchers, this study deepens the understanding of entrepreneurs. This research contributes to the theory of entrepreneurship and spirituality since there are still very few studies on this topic.
Determinant factors influencing people to use motorcycle taxi online services using the Analytical Hierarchy Process
Authors: Raco Jozef , Raton Yulius , Taroreh Frankie , Muaja Octavianus
Published: July 2018

The advancement of technology and Smartphone applications offers a lot of opportunities and challenges for companies to increase their market share. Through this technology and itsapplication, companies such as transportation industries can make a lot of money and bring theirproducts and services closer, faster and more easily to customers. In addition the customers cangain access to companies’ services and products on time. On the other hand the advancement ofSmartphone technology disrupts the common transportation business practices. Communicationand negotiation are becoming more virtual. This technology brings about huge benefits to bothcustomers and companies. However the same technology causes a huge problem especially toother transportation companies as they might lose market if they do not use it. This technologyhelps many transportation industries to make business innovations such as offering lower prices,faster services and deliveries. This research focuses on transportation companies, specificallymotorcycle taxis with online booking, which use a Smartphone application. In Manado Indonesia there are three popular motorcycle taxi online companies that use aSmartphone online application, which are Gojek, Grab and Uber. A lot of people use an onlinemotorcycle taxi rather than public transportation because of its convenience, affordable price,safety and speed compared to local public transport. This study aims to find out the determinantfactors that influence people to use motorcycle taxi online services. This research is going toreveal the favorite motorcycle taxi online company and its criteria based on respondents’perspectives. This paper will use the Analytical Hierarchy Process both for data gathering anddata analysis. The research findings will contribute to the local government in formulating lawsand policies specifically on motorcycle taxi online service.
Analytical Cost Modeling for Co-Located Wind-Wave Energy Arrays
Authors: Clark Caitlyn , DuPont Bryony
Published: July 2018

Offshore wind and wave energy are co-located resources, and both the offshore wind and wave energy industries are driven to reduce costs while maintaining or increasing power production within developments. Due to the maturity of offshore wind technology and continued growth of both offshore floating wind and wave energy converter (WEC) technology, there is new opportunity within the offshore renewable energy sector to combine wind and wave technologies in the same leased ocean space through co-located array development. Combining wind and wave energy technologies through co-location is projected to have synergistic effects that reduce direct and indirect costs for developments. While several of these effects have been quantified, many have not been related to cost, and there is currently no cost model that incorporates all of these effects. Further, in areas where fixed-bottom offshore wind structures are infeasible, floating offshore wind platforms could provide access to plentiful resource further offshore. In this paper, we develop a cost model that represents co-located array developments, particularly for floating offshore wind and wave energy converter technology, and identify research gaps and uncertainties to be minimized in future work.
Economic Empowerment For Former Leprosy Patient Through Cultivation Of Mosquito Repellent Plants
Authors: Kartini Puri Ratna , Sulistyarsi Ani , Suproborini Arum
Published: July 2018

Abstract: Leprosy is an infectious disease which tends to end up with disability and leads to problems in terms of health and economy. Thus, there should be an effort to empower the former leprosy patients. The cultivation of mosquito repellent plants is a new methode to prevent the incidence of DHF which is safer for health and can also provide benefit. Considering that Indonesia is an endemic country of DHF and leprosy, this effort can be a correct step to tackle two problems in health at once.
DESIGN ROBOT OTOMATIS PENYIRAM TANAMAN BERBASISKAN ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK
Authors: Aryza Solly
Published: July 2018

Robot selalu dipelajari di berbagai daerah untuk tujuan pendidikan , medis dan militer . Namun,didalam berbagaitulisan pembuatan robot yang diterapkan dalam praktek perkebunan sangat rendah . Dalam penelitian ini telahmengembangkan robot untuk penyiraman secra otomatis . dikarenakan sirkulasi air di Indonesia yang akanmenipis, dan diwaktu penyiraman tanaman sangat memerlukan air yang banyak dan terkadang terbuang selainjuga menghabiskan waktu menerapkannya . oleh karena itu penelitian ini bersifat penelitian terapan yang dapatditerapkan diperkebunan.
The use of person-first language in scholarly writing may accentuate stigma
Authors: Gernsbacher Morton Ann
Published: July 2018

Numerous style guides, including those issued by the American Psychological and the American Psychiatric Associations, prescribe that writers use only person-first language so that nouns referring to persons (e.g. children) always precede phrases referring to characteristics (e.g. children with typical development). Person-first language is based on the premise that everyone, regardless of whether they have a disability, is a person-first, and therefore everyone should be referred to with person-first language. However, my analysis of scholarly writing suggests that person-first language is used more frequently to refer to children with disabilities than to refer to children without disabilities; person-first language is more frequently used to refer to children with disabilities than adults with disabilities; and person-first language is most frequently used to refer to children with the most stigmatized disabilities. Therefore, the use of person-first language in scholarly writing may actually accentuate stigma rather than attenuate it. Recommendations are forwarded for language use that may reduce stigma.
Improving Bi-factor Exploratory Modelling: bi-factor rotation based on loading differences
Authors: Garcia-Garzon Eduardo , Garrido Luis Eduardo , Abad Francisco José
Published: July 2018

Bi-factor exploratory modelling has recently emerged as a promising approach to multidimensional psychological measurement. However, state-of-the-art methods relying on target rotation require researchers to select an arbitrary cut-off for defining the target matrix. Unfortunately, the consequences of such choice on factor recovery remain uninvestigated under realistic conditions (e.g., factors differing in their average loadings). Built upon the iterative target rotation based on Schmid-Leiman algorithm (SLi), a novel method is here introduced (SLiD). SLiD settles an empirical, factor-specific cut-off based on the first prominent one-lagged difference of sorted squared normalized factor loadings. SLiD and SLi with arbitrary cut-offs (ranging from .05 to .20) performance was evaluated via Monte-Carlo simulation manipulating sample size, number of specific factors, number of indicators and cross-loading magnitude. Results indicate that SLiD performed the best for all conditions. For SLi, and due to the presence of minor factors, smaller cut-offs (i.e., .05) outperformed higher ones (i.e., .20).
Introducing the Gab Hate Corpus: Defining and applying hate-based rhetoric to social media posts at scale
Authors: Kennedy Brendan , Atari Mohammad , Davani Aida Mostafazadeh , Yeh Leigh , Omrani Ali , Kim Yehsong , Coombs Kris , Havaldar Shreya , Portillo-Wightman Gwenyth , Gonzalez Elaine , Hoover Joseph , Azatian Aida , Hussain Alyzeh , Lara Austin , olmos gabriel , Omary Adam Radwan , Park Christina , Wijaya Clarisa , Wang Xin , Zhang Yong , Dehghani Morteza
Published: July 2018

We present the Gab Hate Corpus (GHC), consisting of 27,665 posts from the social network service gab.com, each annotated for the presence of “hate-based rhetoric” by a minimum of three annotators. Posts were labeled according to a coding typology derived from a synthesis of hate speech definitions across legal precedent, previous hate speech coding typologies, and definitions from psychology and sociology, comprising hierarchical labels indicating dehumanizing and violent speech as well as indicators of targeted groups and rhetorical framing. We provide inter-annotator agreement statistics and perform a classification analysis in order to validate the corpus and establish performance baselines. The GHC complements existing hate speech datasets in its theoretical grounding and by providing a large, representative sample of richly annotated social media posts.
Partner Commitment in Close Relationships Mitigates Social Class Differences in Subjective Well-Being
Authors: Tan Jacinth Jia Xin , Kraus Michael W. , Impett Emily , Keltner Dacher
Published: July 2018

Close relationships can be a source of positive subjective well-being for lower-class individuals, but stresses of lower-class environments tend to negatively impact those relationships. The present research demonstrates that a partner’s commitment in close relationships buffers against the negative impact of lower-class environments on relationships, mitigating social class differences in subjective well-being. In two samples of close relationship dyads, we found that when partners reported low commitment to the relationship, relatively lower-class individuals experienced poorer well-being than their upper-class counterparts, assessed as life satisfaction among romantic couples (Study 1) and negative affect linked to depression among ethnically diverse close friendships (Study 2). Conversely, when partners reported high commitment to the relationship, deficits in the well-being of lower-class relative to upper-class individuals were attenuated. Implications of these findings for upending the class divide in subjective well-being are discussed.
Is the most representative skunk the average or the stinkiest? Developmental changes in representations of biological categories
Authors: Foster-Hanson Emily , Rhodes Marjorie
Published: July 2018

People often think of categories in terms of their most representative examples (e.g., robin for BIRD). Thus, determining which exemplars are most representative is a fundamental cognitive process that shapes how people use concepts to navigate the world. The present studies (N = 669; ages 5 years – adulthood) revealed developmental change in this important component of cognition. Studies 1-2 found that young children view exemplars with extreme values of characteristic features (e.g., the very fastest cheetah) as most representative of familiar biological categories; the tendency to view average exemplars in this manner (e.g., the average-speeded cheetah) emerged slowly across age. Study 3 examined the mechanisms underlying these judgments, and found that participants of all ages viewed extreme exemplars as representative of novel animal categories when they learned that the variable features fulfilled category-specific adaptive needs, but not otherwise. Implications for developmental changes in conceptual structure and biological reasoning are discussed.
Full Disclosure: Doing behavioural science necessitates sharing
Authors: Peters Gjalt - Jorn Ygram , Abraham Charles , Crutzen Rik
Published: July 2018

In this brief accessible article, we introduce the concept of full disclosure (publishing all produced materials, data, analysis scripts, and output of a research endeavor) in health psychology, and explain why it is an important imperative.
Hard to Resist? The Effect of Smartphone Visibility and Notifications on Response Inhibition
Authors: Johannes Niklas , Veling Harm , Verwijmeren Thijs , Buijzen Moniek
Published: July 2018

Because more and more young people are constantly presented with the opportunity to access information and connect to others via their smartphones, they report to be in a state of permanent alertness. In the current study, we define such a state as smartphone vigilance, an awareness that one can always get connected to others in combination with a permanent readiness to respond to incoming smartphone notifications. We hypothesized that constantly resisting the urge to interact with their phones draws on response inhibition, and hence interferes with students’ ability to inhibit prepotent responses in a concurrent task. To test this, we conducted a preregistered experiment, employing a Bayesian sequential sampling design, where we manipulated smartphone visibility and smartphone notifications during a stop-signal task that measures the ability to inhibit prepotent responses. The task was constructed such that we could disentangle response inhibition from action selection. Results show that the mere visibility of a smartphone is sufficient to experience vigilance and distraction, and that this is enhanced when students receive notifications. Curiously enough, these strong experiences were unrelated to stop-signal task performance. These findings raise new questions about when and how smartphones can impact performance.
Dalits and Federalism - A Study of Public Opinion on Federalism
Authors: Maharjan Maheshraj
Published: July 2018

Dalit movement, along with Janajati and Madhesi movements, has been a major force in political and social transformation in Nepal since 1990. Federalism, one of the demands of such transformations, has become a contentious issue for Dalits. Dalit leaders had initially mostly been centered on ensuring proportional representation in central and local governments, along with special rights as a compensation for their historical oppression (Bhattachan 2008). However, after the Peoples’ Movement of 2006, with Janajatis and Madhesis demanding provinces along ethnic and regional lines, Dalit leaders and scholars began to discuss the relevance of federalism for Dalits as well as possibility of their own Dalit province. This issue climaxed with State Restructuring High Commission Report suggesting provision of a non-territorial province for Dalits.But is a Dalit province, or federalism, needed for Dalits? Is the issue of federalism and Dalit province an aspiration, or a concern, of common Dalits? Or is it just an interest of Dalit leaders and elites? This paper tries to analyse public opinion of Dalits, based on a survey of public opinion in two VDCs of Nepal, on the various issues related to federalism, including aspirations of Dalits in the proposed constitution and perceptions of Dalits on successive political movements and government provisions for Dalits since 1990.
The Norwegian Ombudsman for Children on child participation
Authors: Musinguzi Polycarp , Ellingsen Ingunn T.
Published: July 2018

The adoption in 1989 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) has seen a quantum leap in the recognition- and expansion of initiatives to uphold children’s participation rights. The Ombudsman for Children plays an important role in promoting children’s rights, thus stressing the importance of authorities taking children’s opinions and experiences into consideration when making decisions which affect them. This article examines how the staff at the Ombudsman for Children in Norway understand and experience child participation through expert meetings and expert groups, in which children are regarded as the experts. The findings suggest that the existence of a consultative approach, where children’s views influence decisions, depends on the effectiveness of the Ombudsman’s representative function. While there is evidence of the recent growth of platforms for children to express their views, the core elements of participation largely remain monopolized by adults. We argue that active participation should be deliberately promoted beyond adult-led realms, and extended to ordinary contexts in which children interact with the society.
Which Factors Determine Our Online Social Capital? An Analysis Based on Structural Equation Modelling
Authors: Grottke Michael , Hacker Janine Viol , Durst Carolin
Published: July 2018

The relationship between social network sites and social capital has received much research attention. However, two research gaps can be identified in the existing literature. First, only few studies have examined online social capital as a resource in online social networks. In this regard, it is not clear how to validly measure online social capital. Second, while the factors influencing social capital, among them properties of an individual’s social network, have been investigated in offline settings, such factors have not yet been investigated in terms of online social capital. Addressing these gaps, we asked 1000 Facebook users to provide information on their Facebook usage and online friendship network. Employing structural equation modelling for analysing the survey data, we show that Williams’ Internet Social Capital Scales, which are commonly used to assess social capital in offline settings, can be used to validly measure online social capital. Moreover, we find that some of the variables influencing offline social capital, among them similarity in terms of sociodemographic attributes, seem less important in an online setting.
“Power to the People!”: Social Media Discourse on Regional Energy Issues in Australia
Authors: Morgan Kerri , Cheong Marc , Bedingfield Susan
Published: July 2018

Social media provides people from all socio-economic sectors with the opportunity to voice their opinions. Platforms such as Twitter provide the means to share one’s opinion with little effort and cost. But do these media empower everyday people to make their voice heard? In this research, we introduce a novel approach for investigating the voice of different Twitter groups on social media platforms, by combining text clustering and an analysis of cliques in the resulting network. We focus on a case study using Twitter interactions with respect to energy issues, in particular the closure of coal-fired power stations such as Hazelwood. Implications from this study will benefit stakeholders from governments to industry to the ‘common man’, in understanding how discourse on social media reflects public consumer sentiment.
An Extended Cognitive Situation Model for Capturing Subjective Dynamics of Events from Social Media
Authors: Wang Yujie , Alahakoon Damminda , De Silva Daswin
Published: July 2018

The event-indexing situation models are introduced as event models derived from language to facilitate comprehension and memory retrieval. These models explain how fragmental information about events are collected, integrated and updated into a coherent set of views of what the text is about. The models are adopted as the basis of this study as an attempt to capture the event with contextual, dynamic, and social features, as conveyed by the vast volumes of online textual resources. Information in social media is received through highly personalized channels and is reshaped and interpreted in a more individual, segmental and real-time manner. The reprocessed information is then spread at high speed to a wider range of receivers. Therefore, the interpretation of mainstream media content is influenced by ongoing and dynamic contribution of opinions by users empowered by social media. This new phenomenon has not been examined so far from the perspective of the impact on conventional situation models. This paper explores how collaborative and sharing aspects of social media emphasize subjectivity of interpretation of mainstream media and proposes an extended cognitive situation model which better represents event-centric knowledge. This study investigates the mechanisms for constructing and updating the situation models with continuous textual information streamed from heterogeneous forms of media. It also empirically demonstrates how the proposed model can enhance the understanding of subjective aspects of events with dynamic social opinions.
Rating score of renal medical care in Ukraine 2017
Authors: Kolesnyk M. , Kozliuk N. , Nikolaenko S.
Published: July 2018

The aim of the work was to conduct a rating evaluation of nephrological services in the regions of Ukraine by using the method of complex statistical coefficients.

Materials and methods. Evaluation of nephrological services in the regions of Ukraine was made by using indicators that characterize the structure, use of health care resources, quality and efficiency of its provision submitted to National Register of patients with chronic kidney disease and patients with acute kidney injury (2017).

Results. The sum of integral indicators in different areas of our analytical research has identified Top-3 regions by number: nephrologists; hemodialysis (GD) machines, patients receiving GD; patients treated with peritoneal dialysis (PD); patients with functional transplanted kidney and in the prevalence of acute kidney damage (GFR) per million population.

Summary. By using rating evaluation methodology, it was identified place of relevant region by each indicator of nephrological care in the region as a whole.
Accounting Documentation Software: An Overview of Options and Results from a Lucidchart Software Evaluation
Authors: Vician Chelley M. , Pierce Elizabeth M.
Published: July 2018

Accounting practitioners use documentation diagrams to plan audits, train employees, and consult on accounting information systems development. Accounting educators instruct students in diagram development with various software tools as preparation for industry requirements. This paper presents a review of documentation diagrams identified by practice and major textbooks, a summary of software tool options, and an examination of cloud-based documentation software. We suggest software adoption criteria and propose Lucidchart as a cloud-software solution for developing accounting documentation diagrams. Finally, we present the results from a Lucidchart software evaluation study. The practical contribution is two-fold for educators responsible for teaching accounting documentation topics: (a) a documentation software resource; and (b) an initial usage assessment of Lucidchart software.
Microbiological quality assessment of raw salad vegetable sold in Minna metropolis, Nigeria
Authors: Bala JD , Kuta FA , Adabara NU , Adedeji AS , Oyedum UM , Murtala G
Published: July 2018

Vegetables are edible part of plants. A total of twenty five raw salad vegetables were collected and the microbiological assessment was made using pour plate method. The analysis was carried out on carrots, cucumber, cabbage, lettuce and tomatoes. The results obtained from this study revealed that the total heterotrophic viable bacterial counts, coliform counts and fungal counts for all the salad vegetables ranged from 1.4 × 106 - 6.2 × 106 cfu/g, 1.1 × 106 - 3.3 × 106 cfu/g and 2.1 × 103 - 4.5 × 105 cfu/g respectively. The data were subjected to One Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test which showed that there was significant difference (p <0.05) in the microbial load of each of the raw salad vegetables samples. The microbial isolates identified were E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella sp., Pseudomonas sp., Aspergillus niger, Mucor sp., Penicillium sp., Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium sp. Staphylococcus aureus and Aspergillus niger were predominant. This suggests that salad vegetables used in this study are of public health concern because, they harbours microorganisms that could be hazardous to human health. Hence consumers should practice appropriate hygiene during the preparation of salad for consumption.J. bio-sci. 25: 01-07, 2017
Cross-sectional anatomy of leaf blade and leaf sheath of cogon grass (Imperata cylindrica L.)
Authors: Sima SN , Roy AK , Akther MT , Joarder N
Published: July 2018

Histology of leaf blade and sheath of cogon grass (Imperata cylindrica L.) Beauv., indicated typical C4 Kranz anatomy. Cells of adaxial epidermis were smaller and bulliform cells were present on the adaxial epidermis. The shape of bulliform cells was bulbous; 3-7 cells were present in a group and 3-5 folds larger than epidermal cells. Three types of vascular bundles in respect of size and structure were extra large, large and small and they were part of leaf blade histology. These three sizes of vascular bundles were arranged in successive manner from midrib to leaf margin. Leaf sheath bundles were of two types: large and small. Extra large bundles were flanked by five small and four large bundles but small bundles were alternate found to be with large typed bundles. Extra large bundles were of typical monocotyledonous type but the large type had reduced xylem elements and the small typed was found to be transformed into treachery elements. Small be bundles occupied half the thickness of the flat portion of leaf blade topped by large bulliform cells of the adaxial epidermis. Extra large and large bundle had been extended to upper and lower epidermis. Kranz mesophyll completely encircled the bundle sheath and radiated out into ground tissue. Midrib was projected in abaxial direction and had a central vascular bundle with large and small bundles on either side of it along the abaxial regions. The midrib vascular bundle was devoid of chlorenchymatous bundle sheath and was of non-Kranz type. Continuous sub-epidermal sclerenchyma girders were noted as adaxial hypodermis. Anatomical traits exhibited an important adaptive defense against draught and saline stress of the plant. Quantitative measurement of various anatomical traits indicated strong variations among them.J. bio-sci. 25: 17-26, 2017
A novel computational approach for toxicogenomics biomarker discovery in drug development pipeline
Authors: Rana MM , Hasan MN , Ahmed MS , Mollah MNH
Published: July 2018

In the early stage of drug development process, it is urgent to judge the toxicity effect of some common chemical compounds (CCs) that is not yet well investigated. Biomarker genes (BGs) and dose of CCs can help to draw a deduction about a drug for safety assessment. Classical toxicology method uses large number of samples to extract clinical results which is both time consuming and costly. However, conventional molecular methods can perform to identify only BGs and fail to detect source factor influencing these BGs. The aim of this study is to propose a suitable algorithm that can identify more promising and essential toxicity biomarkers related to some common CCs for safety assessment of new drugs. The glutathione is an effective metabolite of detoxification process in liver. Glutathione depletion analysis is one of the major key research areas in drug development pipeline. In this paper, we studied glutathione depletion analysis of some reported CCs (acetaminophen, methapyrilene and nitrofurazone). We develop an algorithm combining ANOVA and principal component analysis (PCA) using visualization technique to find biomarker genes and associated glutathione depleting CCs and their corresponding doses. There are numerous numbers of genes in the glutathione metabolism pathway regulated as differentially expressed (DE) genes due to the toxic effect of these CCs and proposed algorithm identify only five genes (Mgst2, Gclc, G6pd, Gsr and Srm) that are also foremost genes in the glutathione metabolism pathway. Proposed algorithm states that high dose of all the CCs are responsible for glutathione depletion, nevertheless middle dose of acetaminophen and nitrofurazone also cause glutathione depletion. The proposed algorithm has an additional benefit over the conventional method to discover new chemical entities toxicity.J. bio-sci. 25: 57-66, 2017
Metroglyph analysis in Trichosanthes dioica (Roxb.)
Authors: Kabir MA , Kabir G
Published: July 2018

Morphological variation in eighteen lines of pointed gourd (Trichosanthes dioica Roxb.) was determined by Metroglyph method showing their genetic relationship. Assessment of variability of pointed gourd may help for successful utilization of its different attributes in developing suitable genotypes for yield and stability. A total of twelve quantitative characters were used for analyzing genetic variation. Arbitarily the clusters were found in the diagram but not in consolidated form. Cluster I was represented only by two lines. Almost similarly cluster II was found to be comprised of only three lines. On the contrary, cluster III contains thirteen lines of pointed gourd, although they were found to be located scattered showing their great morphological variations.J. bio-sci. 25: 67-72, 2017
Could the Visual Differential Attention Be a Referential Gesture? A Study on Horses (Equus caballus) on the Impossible Task Paradigm
Authors: Alterisio Alessandra , Baragli Paolo , Aria Massimo , D’Aniello Biagio , Scandurra Anna
Published: July 2018

In order to explore the decision-making processes of horses, we designed an impossible task paradigm aimed at causing an expectancy violation in horses. Our goals were to verify whether this paradigm is effective in horses by analyzing their motivation in trying to solve the task and the mode of the potential helping request in such a context. In the first experiment, 30 horses were subjected to three consecutive conditions: no food condition where two persons were positioned at either side of a table in front of the stall, solvable condition when a researcher placed a reachable reward on the table, and the impossible condition when the food was placed farther away and was unreachable by the horse. Eighteen horses were used in the second experiment with similar solvable and impossible conditions but in the absence of people. We measured the direction of the horse’s ear cup as an indicator of its visual attention in terms of visual selective attention (VSA) when both ears were directed at the same target and the visual differential attention (VDA) when the ears were directed differentially to the persons and to the table. We also included tactile interaction toward table and people, the olfactory exploration of the table, and the frustration behaviors in the ethogram. In the first experiment, the VDA was the most frequent behavior following the expectancy violation. In the second experiment, horses showed the VDA behavior mostly when people and the unreachable resource were present at the same time. We speculate that the VDA could be a referential gesture aimed to link the solution of the task to the people, as a request for help.