bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Shifting from Burden Sharing to Task Sharing: Advancing Community-Initiated Care in MHPSS for Refugee Resettlement
Authors: Im Hyojin
Published: January 2025

The complexities of refugee resettlement in the U.S. require comprehensive mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) strategies, yet significant gaps persist due to resettlement policies prioritizing short-term self-sufficiency over long-term mental health and well-being. This study explores the shift from traditional “burden sharing” to “task sharing” models that emphasize community-initiated care (CIC). Using a two-phase qualitative method, 27 refugee leaders and bilingual service providers from 14 refugee communities, including Afghan, Bhutanese, Burmese, Congolese, Somali, and Sudanese communities, across four states participated in focus groups or key informant interviews. Thematic analysis revealed that peer support models play a critical role as bridges between cultures, service sectors, and formal and informal networks. However, peer support remains insufficient without structural reform, as refugees face barriers such as lack of professional development and power imbalances with professionals while managing their own life challenges. This study emphasizes formalizing CIC models that empower refugees to lead the sharing process in collaborative care. Intersectoral collaboration and supportive policy frameworks are necessary to sustain peer support and build long-term leadership capacity. The findings highlight the need for a system-level shift to ensure equitable responsibility for care, fostering sustainable, community-driven MHPSS solutions in refugee resettlement.
The Marketization of Home Production: Does Production Time Transfer Between Home and Market?
Authors: Jankiewicz Jacek , Garsztka Przemyslaw , Jasiulewicz-Kaczmarek Małgorzata
Published: January 2025

We use the microeconomic theory that takes into account household production and human activity in the non-market sphere to analyze the phenomena of a macroeconomic nature. We check the activation of women in the labor market, a phenomenon observed in Western European countries and the United States, among others. The decision to become economically active reduces the opportunity to devote time to previously undertaken activities, including a reduction in the time spent on housework. This often involves a significant change in the structure of consumption, which, at the macroeconomic level, is associated with the creation of new jobs and a change in the structure of the economy. Structural change is understood as the transfer of economic activity between the three main sectors of the system, namely agriculture, industry and services. This study uses microeconomic data from two waves of the TUS in Poland. The so-called marketization hypothesis was tested separately for three groups of women aged 18–24, 25–44 and 45–59. When estimating the parameters of the models, characteristics such as having a partner, having children under six and educational attainment were taken into account. The calculations show that women aged 25–44 are relatively active in the labor market, but it is those aged 18–24 who fulfill all of the conditions that support the marketization hypothesis.
Sustainable Removal of Phenol from Aqueous Media by Activated Carbon Valorized from Polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) Plastic Waste
Authors: Lai Hoan Thi , Tran Chinh Van , Tran Nga Thuy , Ho Phuong Hien , Luu Van Huyen , Nguyen Ha Manh , Nguyen Hoai Phuong Thi , Nguyen Dinh Duc , La Duong Duc
Published: January 2025

PET, one of the most commonly used plastics, presents significant environmental challenges due to its non-biodegradable nature. To address this, we developed a sustainable method to convert PET waste into high-performance activated carbon via chemical activation with phosphoric acid (H3PO4). The produced activated carbon was analyzed utilizing X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), nitrogen adsorption/desorption (BET), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), and Raman spectroscopy. The activated carbon produced had a macroporous architecture with a substantial surface area, pore diameter, and pore volume of 655.59 m2/g, 3.389 nm, and 0.120 cm3/g, respectively. The adsorption isotherm of activated carbon for phenol conformed to the Langmuir model, signifying single-layer adsorption with a maximal capacity of 114.94 mg/g, while the kinetic adsorption adhered to the second-order model at an optimal pH of 7. The study highlights the sustainable benefits of mitigating plastic waste pollution while producing a cost-effective and eco-friendly adsorbent for water treatment applications. This research underscores the potential for recycling PET waste into valuable materials for environmental remediation.
A Face Fatigue Detection Model for Edge Information Extraction
Authors: Wang Ge , Xu Fangqian , Sang Wenjie , Gao Yuteng , Han Yue , Liu Qiang
Published: January 2025

In contemporary society, fatigue driving is a major cause of traffic accidents, making accurate and timely detection critical for improving driving safety. In this study, we propose a novel fatigue detection model, CSA-YOLO, designed to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of facial fatigue detection. The model is based on the YOLOv9s network model and introduces several key improvements to address the limitations of traditional methods, which often lose critical edge information. First, the Cross-Stage Partial Network (C3 module) replaces the RepNCSPELAN4 module to enhance the model’s ability to extract edge information effectively. Second, the incorporation of the SimAM attention mechanism improves feature selection, while the Content-Aware ReAssembly of Features (CARAFE) upsampling operator enhances the quality of reconstructed image details. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed CSA-YOLO model achieves significant performance improvements, with a 2.24% increase in accuracy, a 2.58% improvement in recall, and a 2.44% boost in mAP compared to the original YOLOv9s model. These results highlight the model’s potential for practical application in reducing the risks of fatigue-related accidents.
Molecular Epidemiology and Genetic Evolution of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus in Northern China During 2021–2023
Authors: Yuan Na , Yang Zuofeng , Lv Fengxia , Dou Lina , Li Xiangqing , Zhao Baokai , Dong Shishan
Published: January 2025

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), an important pathogen affecting the pig industry, is an RNA virus with high genetic diversity. In this study, 12,299 clinical samples were collected from northern China during 2021–2023 to investigate the molecular epidemiological characteristics and genetic evolution of PRRSV. All samples were screened using qRT-PCR and further analyzed through ORF5 gene and whole-genome sequencing. The results showed that the positive rate of PRRSV in northern China was 18.42%, and positivity rates were relatively high in spring. The phylogenetic analysis of the ORF5 gene indicated that the 174 gene sequences were classified as PRRSV-2, predominantly found in Lineage 1.8 (L1.8), Lineage 1.5 (L1.5), and Lineage 8 (L8). L1.8 and L1.5 showed considerable polymorphism at decoy and neutralizing epitopes. Mutations of specific amino acids were present in L1.8 and L1.5 at T- and B-cell epitopes. Moreover, the 27 whole-genome sequences were analyzed. As indicated, 24 of them were exposed to gene recombination, and L1.8 provided the backbone for recombination events. The predominant recombination modes were L1.8 + L8.7 + L1.5/L3, with L1.5 and L3.5 generally yielding GP2~GP6 structural proteins. Recombination hotspots were primarily located within the ranges of 780~2200 (Nsp1~Nsp2), 5400~6200 (Nsp3~Nsp4), 7800~9000 (Nsp9), and 12,200~14,800 (ORF2~ORF6). This study enriches the epidemiological data of PRRSV in northern China, thereby providing theoretical references for the prevention and control of PRRSV in northern China.
Co-Infection of Culex tarsalis Mosquitoes with Rift Valley Fever Phlebovirus Strains Results in Efficient Viral Reassortment
Authors: Harris Emma K. , Balaraman Velmurugan , Keating Cassidy C. , McDowell Chester , Kimble J. Brian , De La Mota-Peynado Alina , Borland Erin M. , Graham Barbara , Wilson William C. , Richt Juergen A. , Kading Rebekah C. , Gaudreault Natasha N.
Published: January 2025

Rift Valley fever phlebovirus (RVFV) is a zoonotic mosquito-borne pathogen endemic to sub-Saharan Africa and the Arabian Peninsula which causes Rift Valley fever in ruminant livestock and humans. Co-infection with divergent viral strains can produce reassortment among the L, S, and M segments of the RVFV genome. Reassortment events can produce novel genotypes with altered virulence, transmission dynamics, and/or mosquito host range. This can have severe implications in areas where RVFV is endemic and convolutes our ability to anticipate transmission and circulation in novel geographic regions. Previously, we evaluated the frequency of RVFV reassortment in a susceptible ruminant host and observed low rates of reassortment (0–1.7%). Here, we tested the hypothesis that reassortment occurs predominantly in the mosquito using a highly permissive vector, Culex tarsalis. Cells derived from Cx. tarsalis or adult mosquitoes were co-infected with either two virulent (Kenya-128B-15 and SA01-1322) or a virulent and attenuated (Kenya-128B-15 and MP-12) strain of RVFV. Our results showed approximately 2% of virus genotypes isolated from co-infected Cx. tarsalis-derived cells were reassortant. Co-infected mosquitoes infected via infectious bloodmeal resulted in a higher percentage of reassortant virus (2–60%) isolated from midgut and salivary tissues at 14 days post-infection. The percentage of reassortant genotypes isolated from the midguts of mosquitoes co-infected with Kenya-128B-15 and SA01-1322 was similar to that of mosquitoes co-infected with Kenya-128B-15 and MP-12- strains (60 vs. 47%). However, only 2% of virus isolated from the salivary glands of Kenya-128B-15 and SA01-1322 co-infected mosquitoes represented reassortant genotypes. This was contrasted by 54% reassortment in the salivary glands of mosquitoes co-infected with Kenya-128B-15 and MP-12 strains. Furthermore, we observed preferential inclusion of genomic segments from the three parental strains among the reassorted viruses. Replication curves of select reassorted genotypes were significantly higher in Vero cells but not in Culex—derived cells. These data imply that mosquitoes play a crucial role in the reassortment of RVFV and potentially contribute to driving evolution of the virus.
Determinants of Rotavirus Vaccine Acceptance in an Area of Southern Italy with Low Vaccination Coverage: A Case-Control Study by the Health Belief Model Questionnaire
Authors: Anzà Davide , Esposito Massimiliano , Bertolazzi Giorgio , Fallucca Alessandra , Genovese Carlo , Maniscalco Gabriele , Praticò Andrea D. , Scarpaci Tiziana , Vitale Ermanno , Restivo Vincenzo
Published: January 2025

Background/Objectives: Rotavirus (RV) is the primary cause of gastroenteritis in children worldwide, contributing significantly to morbidity and mortality, particularly among children under five years of age. The introduction of Rotavirus vaccines (RVV) has markedly reduced RV-related childhood deaths, especially in Europe, where substantial reductions in hospitalizations and disease prevalence have been observed. Despite these advances, RVV uptake in Italy remains below the desired targets, with notable regional disparities. In Sicily, vaccination rates have fluctuated, with current coverage failing to meet national goals. Safety concerns and insufficient parental awareness are major barriers to RVV acceptance. Methods: This case-control study was conducted in Southern Italy to identify factors influencing parental acceptance of RVV. Data were collected from parents using a structured questionnaire that assessed socio-demographic factors, vaccine knowledge, and attitudes based on the Health Belief Model (HBM). Results: Overall, 226 parents were enrolled. Higher perceived benefit of RVV was significantly associated with increased vaccine adherence (Odds Ratio = 13.65; 95% Confidence Interval = 6.88–27.09; p < 0.001). Conclusions: These results highlight the need for targeted interventions to improve vaccine coverage and address regional and socio-economic barriers to RVV acceptance. Furthermore, tailored educational campaigns and univocal information from healthcare providers could play pivotal roles in achieving higher vaccine uptake.
Comparing Antibody Responses to Homologous vs. Heterologous COVID-19 Vaccination: A Cross-Sectional Analysis in an Urban Bangladeshi Population
Authors: Sanin Kazi Istiaque , Khanam Mansura , Sharaque Azizur Rahman , Elahi Mahbub , Roy Bharati Rani , Hasan Md. Khaledul , Dutta Goutam Kumar , Dutta Abir , Islam Md. Nazmul , Islam Md. Safiqul , Khan Md. Nasir Ahmed , Mahmud Mustufa , Nadia Nuzhat , Noushin Fablina , Roy Anjan Kumar , Sarker Protim , Tofail Fahmida
Published: January 2025

Background: Vaccination has played a crucial role in mitigating the spread of COVID-19 and reducing its severe outcomes. While over 90% of Bangladesh’s population has received at least one COVID-19 vaccine dose, the comparative effectiveness of homologous versus heterologous booster strategies, along with the complex interplay of factors within the population, remains understudied. This study aimed to compare antibody responses between these booster approaches. Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 723 adults in urban Dhaka who had received COVID-19 booster doses within the last six months. Participants were grouped based on homologous or heterologous booster vaccination. Data were collected through structured household surveys, and 2 mL blood samples were collected for measuring antibody titers. Results: Heterologous booster recipients showed higher median antibody titers (8597.0 U/mL, IQR 5053.0–15,482.3) compared to homologous recipients (6958.0 U/mL, IQR 3974.0–12,728.5). In the adjusted analysis, the type of booster dose had no significant impact on antibody levels. However, the duration since the last booster dose was significantly associated with antibody levels, where each additional month since receiving the booster corresponded to approximately a 15–16% reduction in antibody levels (Adj. coeff: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.81, 0.88; p < 0.001). Participants over 40 years demonstrated higher antibody levels than younger individuals (Adj. coeff: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.07, 1.43; p = 0.005). Sex, BMI, and prior COVID-19 infection showed no significant associations with antibody levels after adjustment. Conclusion: The results underscore the complexity of immune responses across different demographic groups and suggest potential benefits of ongoing heterologous booster strategies in sustaining immunity.
Diagnostic Limitations of Applying a Human Portable Blood Glucose Meter in the Detection of Hypoglycemia in Pregnant Ewes
Authors: Lopes José Lucas Xavier , Raimondo Raquel Fraga e Silva , Jacondino Luiza Rodegheri , Correa Beatriz Riet , Mori Clara Satsuki , Pöppl Álan Gomes
Published: January 2025

Pregnant ewes are susceptible to hypoglycemia and ketosis; therefore, monitoring glycemic status is extremely important. Portable blood glucose meters (PBGMs) can assist in quickly and conveniently identifying glycemic disturbances in this species, provided that they meet the criteria of analytical accuracy. This study evaluated the performance of a human PBGM (Accu-Chek Performa®, Roche Diagnostics, Basel, Switzerland) in the glycemic evaluation of 34 pregnant ewes at days 90 and 120 of pregnancy in comparison with the results of glycemia determination by a reference method (RM). The device showed a high positive correlation (r = 0.71, 95%CI = 0.57–0.82, p < 0.0001) with the RM; however, 96.6% of the PBGM results (58.5 ± 9.82 mg/dL) were higher (p < 0.0001) than those obtained in the laboratory (48.6 ± 9.31 mg/dL). The PBGM tested was considered analytically inaccurate according to ISO 15197:2013, which states that when glucose levels are below 100 mg/dL, 95% of the measurements should deviate by no more than 15 mg/dL from the RM value, and 1/3 of the PBGM results were above this limit. Hypoglycemia (<50 mg/dL) was documented in 60.29% of samples tested on with the RM, but only 17.64% of results were below 50 mg/dL using the PBGM. Due to these limitations, Accu-Check Performa® results should be interpreted cautiously in pregnant sheep suspected of hypoglycemia.
Phenotypic and Complete Reference Whole Genome Sequence Analyses of Two Paenibacillus spp. Isolates from a Gray Wolf (Canis lupus) Gastrointestinal Tract
Authors: Bryant Jessika L. , McCabe Jennifer , Klews C. Cristoph , Johnson MiCayla , Atchley Ariel N. , Cousins Thomas W. , Barnard-Davidson Maya , Smith Kristina M. , Ackermann Mark R. , Netherland Michael , Hasan Nur A. , Jordan Peter A. , Forsythe Evan S. , Ball Patrick N. , Seal Bruce S.
Published: January 2025

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing among mammals around the world, and domestic dogs are no exception. There is no approved cure for canine IBD with limited treatment options. Novel probiotic bacteria discovery from free-ranging animals for the treatment of IBD in domestic pets can likely yield promising probiotic candidates. Consequently, the overall aim was to isolate bacteria from free-ranging animals that could potentially be utilized as novel probiotics. Two bacteria identified as unique Paenibacillus spp. strains by small ribosomal RNA (16S) gene sequencing were isolated from the gastrointestinal tract of a North American Gray Wolf (Canis lupus). The bacteria were typed as Gram-variable, and both were catalase/oxidase positive as well as sensitive to commonly used antibiotics. The bacteria digested complex carbohydrates and lipids by standard assays. The isolated bacteria also inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Micrococcus luteus. The whole genome sequence (WGS) length of bacterial isolate ClWae17B was 6,939,193 bp, while ClWae19 was 7,032,512 bp, both similar in size to other Paenibacillus spp. The genomes of both bacteria encoded enzymes involved with the metabolism of complex starches and lipids, such as lyases and pectinases, along with encoding antimicrobials such as lanthipeptides, lasso peptides, and cyclic-lactone-autoinducers. No pernicious virulence genes were identified in the WGS of either bacterial isolate. Phylogenetically, the most closely related bacteria based on 16S gene sequences and WGS were P. taichungensis for ClWae17B and P. amylolyticus for ClWae19. WGS analyses and phenotypic assays supported the hypothesis that the isolates described constitute two novel candidate probiotic bacteria for potential use in dogs.
Enhanced Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Replication in Nsp4- or Nsp2-Overexpressed Marc-145 Cell Lines
Authors: Ye Zhengqin , Zhu Zhenbang , Yu Liangzheng , Zhang Zhendong , Li Xiangdong
Published: January 2025

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) causes significant economic losses to the swine industry. The killed PRRSV vaccine has been reported to be safe and could elicit humoral responses. The killed PRRSV vaccine with a high viral antigen load combined with robust adjuvants could provide good protection against the infection. However, the high virus titer of PRRSV on the successive production cell lines is the prerequisite for this strategy. In this study, we explored PRRSV production in two recombinant Marc-145 cell lines expressing Nsp2 or Nsp4 through a lentivirus system. The results demonstrated that either Nsp2 or Nsp4 expressing Marc-145 cells did not affect cell morphology and growth kinetics but significantly enhanced PRRSV replication. Overall, our exploration may enable the production of high-yield PRRSV and offer a potential tool for developing safer and more effective PRRSV vaccines.
Uptake Through Feeding and/or Culture Medium of 0.5% Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO): Biological Response of Daphnia magna and Ceriodaphnia dubia in Ecotoxicity Tests
Authors: Bigi Stefania , Schlappa Karin , Anselmi Serena , Provenza Francesca , Renzi Monia
Published: January 2025

Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is an aprotic solvent widely used in ecotoxicological assays, suitable for solubilizing a wide range of polar and non-polar substances. The aim of this study was to analyze the species-specific biological response of the model organisms Daphnia magna and Ceriodaphnia dubia to 0.5% DMSO, under feeding conditions. Both species were exposed in culture medium, with or without 0.5% DMSO, to the unicellular algae (Raphidocelis subcapitata, Tetradesmus obliquus), either individually or in combination; the algae were pretreated or not pretreated with 0.5% DMSO. The exposure was carried out in acute (24 h and 48 h) and chronic (72 h and 168 h) ecotoxicity tests. The experimental results suggest that a lower DMSO concentration limit (<0.5%) would be appropriate for C. dubia due to its greater sensitivity to the solvent. Finally, considering the ingestion of DMSO-contaminated algae, it can be concluded that, under certain experimental conditions, the solvent ingested through the diet may significantly affect the mortality of both D. magna and C. dubia.
Spatial Coupling Relationship Between Water Area and Water Level of Dongting Lake Based on Multiple Temporal Remote Sensing Images Data at Its Several Hydrological Stations
Authors: He Qiuhua , Nie Cunyun , Yu Shuchen , Zou Juan , Qiu Luo , Shi Shupeng
Published: January 2025

It is very well-known that the reliable coupling relationship between water area and water level is very important in analyzing the risks of floods and droughts for big lakes, such as Dongting Lake, especially when remote sensing images are absent and in situ measurements cannot be carried out. To obtain this relationship, two types of mathematical models—polynomial regression (PR) based on the least square algorithm and machine learning regression (MLR) based on the BP (Backpropagation) neural network algorithm—are constructed using the water area data extracted from multiple temporal remote sensing images and water levels recorded at several representative hydrological stations for nearly 30 years. In this study, Dongting Lake is divided into three parts: East Dongting Lake (EDL), South Dongting Lake (SDL), and West Dongting Lake (WDL). This is because water slope exists on its surface, which is formed by several inflow rivers and the high and low terrain. To calculate the total water area of this lake, two ways are put forward by choosing the water levels: from EDL, SDL, and WDL in their turn; or from all three simultaneously. In other words, three univariate and one multivariate regression. For PR, there are perfect coefficients of determination (most nearly 0.95, the smallest being 0.76), which is in line with regression test relative errors (between 0.27% and 6.7%). For MLR, which was initially applied to this problem, the best node number (10 for the first way, 8 for the second way) in the hidden layer of the neural network is adaptively chosen, with coefficients of determination (similar to PR), together with training and testing error performances (between 1% and 10%). These results confirm the validity and reliability of them. The regression and prediction results on the two models are better than the documented way (only focus on the water level of EDL). These results can provide some references for researchers and decision makers in studying similar big Lakes.
Investigating Alternative Application Ranges for Floating Offshore Wind
Authors: Leimeister Mareike
Published: January 2025

The current technological developments within the offshore wind industry reveal a trend towards larger wind turbine MW-classes for both bottom-fixed and floating support structures. Furthermore, bottom-fixed designs are modified and enhanced to also serve deeper offshore sites. Apart from these technological developments, another trend of a competitive nature, related to politics and other stakeholders, can be observed: ever-higher targets are specified for offshore wind energy, while national offshore water areas are limited and divided among various stakeholders in terms of their use. This situation raises the following questions, which are discussed in this paper: 1. Should and could floating offshore wind be extended to shallow-water regions? 2. What benefits can be gained when going beyond traditional floating wind technologies, and what does this mean in detail? 3. What are the motivations, challenges, and solutions for coexistence options? The investigations reveal that floating solutions are more than just options for supporting offshore wind turbines at very-deep-water sites. By extending the traditional application ranges of floating wind turbine systems and going beyond traditional floating offshore wind technologies, additional benefits can be reaped, and worldwide climate and renewable energy targets can be met in harmony with other stakeholders.
The theory of institutional matrices by S.G. Kirdina as an object of methodological analysis
Authors:   Independent Researcher, Moscow region, Belyaev V. A.
Published: January 2025

This article is a methodological analysis of the strategic plan of S.G. Kirdina's theory, expressed
in the book “Institutional Matrices and the Development of Russia: an Introduction
to X-Y Theory”. Kirdina's theory is considered as a response to the challenge of the
negative aspects of Russia's modernization in the 90s (and more generally, as a response
to the challenge of the negative aspects of modernization in all non-Western countries).
Responding to this challenge, Kirdina argues for the existence of institutional matrices in
societies that define the strategic nature of their development. It can be said that societies are condemned to their institutional matrices. The author of the article sees this as a
serious methodological flaw. Its essence is that the system of basic concepts implied in
thinking about society is built in advance according to the logic of institutional matrices.
The conceptual space collapses in this case. The author shows how it is possible to move in
the opposite direction and draws the corresponding conceptual space so that the number
of dimensions in it is maximum. This makes it possible for a more three-dimensional view.
The author strives to show the factors that influence the understanding of the Russian and
global situation.
Value orientations as a subject of scientific research
Authors:   fi eld of training "Psychological Sciences", Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba, Leonova Svetlana Yurievna
Published: January 2025

The problem of studying value orientations, as well as moral and social rules that determine
an individual’s position to reality, is one of the key ones in modern science. Personal
value orientations are the most important characteristic of an individual, since they
determine his/her relationships and interactions with the outside world and regulate behavior. Realizing their own value guidelines, individuals search for their places in the
world and refl ect on the meaning and purpose of their lives. Values are universal for all
people, but the degree to which they are preferred and prioritized depends on a particular
culture and society. Values are stable beliefs that determine preferred modes of behavior
and life goals, and form principles that guide actions in such areas as study, work,
and family relationships. Value orientations are formed through interaction with the outside
world and refl ect the degree of maturity of individuals and their value system.
Impact of the effectiveness of higher educational institution management on student achievements
Authors:   Higher School of Management, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Neustroev Gleb Aleksandrovich
Published: January 2025

The study analyzes the relationship between the efficiency of management of higher
educational institutions and the achievement of students' goals. It is shown that effective
management of educational institutions presupposes a comprehensive organization of
the educational process, continuous improvement of teaching staff qualifi cations, introduction
of innovative teaching methods, and creation of a favorable educational environment.
The study analyzed various factors that influence student performance, such
as the quality of teaching, the availability of resources, the level of administrative support
from university management, and the degree of student involvement in the educational
process. The work pays special attention to the importance of strategic planning and
continuous analysis of the eff ectiveness of management processes in higher education
institutions as determining factors in student success and their readiness for professional
activity. The results of the study can be used by heads of educational institutions, teaching
staff , and researchers in the field of education.
HEfectos histopatologicos de Amyloodinium ocellatum (E.-M.Brown) E.-M.Brown & Hovasse, 1946 (Alveolata: Dinophyseae) en las branquias de Mugil liza (Valenciennes, 1836)
Authors: Pedrosa Virgínia Fonseca , Bortolini Giesta Luana , De Paiva dos Santos Pedro Anderson , Okamoto Marcelo , Romano Luis Alberto
Published: January 2025

In this work, we describe lesions produced by the dinoflagellate protozoan Amyloodinium ocellatum on the gills of Mugil liza, which causes the velvet disease in several fish species. These parasites produce severe lesions in the gills, with hyperplasia of primary and secondary gill lamellae rupture of pillar cells, and hyperplasia of chloride cells (ionocytes). The gill structure is totally affected, which presumably impairs normal hematosis and electrolyte regulation and seriously compromises the fish's health. The lesions caused by A. ocellatum are responsible for high mortality rates in fish farms and economic losses in the industry. In the present study, we found cellular hyperplasia of the respiratory epithelium, epithelial disruption, the collapse of secondary lamellae, and various degenerative changes that seriously compromise the gill functioning.
Les schistes cristallins du plateau d’Aigurande au sud de la Châtre et de Chateaumeillant
Authors: Boineau R. , Nicaise J.
Published: January 2025

Le Plateau d’Aigurande, au Sud de La Châtre et de Château-meillant, affleure entre la chaîne granulitique de la Marche, au Sud, et les sédiments du bassin de Paris, au Nord. Sa région Sud est une bande très disloquée de migmatites et d’amphibolites, coincée entre la «Dislocation de la Marche» et la «Dislocation de Boussac» ; celle-ci la sépare d’un anticlinal dessiné par une série cristallophyllienne renversée, et coupé en deux par une faille N-S : la «Faille de Moisse». La partie occidentale de cet anticlinal («Anticlinal de la Creuse») est assez régulière, et présente sur le flanc sud une série complète, des micaschistes inférieurs aux anatexites ; le front des migmatites monte dans les gneiss inférieurs. Amputée sur le flanc Nord, la série s’arrête à des ortholeptynites dans la zone des gneiss supérieurs. La partie orientale de l’anticlinal présente une structure plus complexe ; elle va des micaschistes supérieurs aux gneiss supérieurs, sous des faciès assez divers. L’ensemble constitue l’«Anticlinorium de l’Indre», avec de nombreux plissements secondaires. Dans les deux séries minéralogiques — série de la Creuse et série de l’Indre — apparaît un faciès (les «gneiss amygdalaires», dont l’origine reste obscure. Tout au Nord, le Plateau d’Aigurande se termine par des migmatites, avec des bancs d’amphibolites et de leptynites, ramenées sur les séries de l’Indre et de la Creuse par un accident tectonique subhorizontal, le «Chevauchement de Gargilesse».
Les schistes cristallins du plateau de l’Artense (Massif Central Français)
Authors: Scanvic Jean-Yves
Published: January 2025

Les schistes cristallins du plateau de l'Artense sont constitués par un ensemble de migmatites et d'ectinites avec bancs subordonnés de leptynites et d' amphibolites. La série est recoupée par des granites et granulites post-tectoniques. Ils forment une série isoclinale de direction générale NW-SE avec un pendage moyen de 30 à 40° vers le NE.
Les schistes cristallins de la région de Bourg-Lastic (Puy-de-Dôme). Étude pétrographique et structurale
Authors: Tempier Paul
Published: January 2025

Les schistes cristallins de la région s’étendant entre le granite de Gelles au nord et la vallée de la Dordogne au sud, sont constitués par un ensemble d’origine gréso-pélitique où trois faciès principaux sont représentés. Le plus intéressant d’entre eux, riche en phyllites, contient l’essentiel des minéraux de métamorphisme utilisables. Les roches correspondent à des micaschistes qui ont subi un premier métamorphisme créant une foliation I dont les minéraux types sont la staurotide, l’almandin, la biotite, la muscovite, le disthène (rare) et la sillimanite. Cette première association minérale, qui correspond au faciès amphibolite d’un métamorphisme barrovien, a été engagée dans un plissement isoclinal de direction 45° aboutissant à la création d’une foliation II à paragenèse identique à celle de la foliation I. La foliation II montre cependant une fin de cristallisation à température plus basse se traduisant par l’apparition de chlorite. Cet ensemble a été ensuite affecté par une succession de plissements dont les directions sont : 100° - 140° et 170°. Postérieurement à ces plissements apparaît une paragenèse à chlorite et andalousite ; ce dernier minéral est étroitement localisé dans la zone de superposition des domaines de stabilité de la staurotide et de la silimanite.
Étude sur la distribution du genre Hieracium dans le département du Puy-de-Dôme
Authors: Billy François
Published: January 2025

L'auteur présente le résultat de ses recherches sur les Hieracium du Puy-de-Dôme fondées sur l'analyse de plus de 5000 populations étudiées dans les collections ou sur le terrain. La première partie comprend une définition rapide des zones altitudinales et des régions naturelles et un inventaire des sous-espèces, pour les deux sous-genres Eu Hieracium et Pilosella, avec notation de leur fréquence et de leur aire de distribution.
Septarias en domaine continental dans le Stampien de la Limagne d'Allier (Issoire, Puy-de-Dôme)
Authors: Amieux Pascal , Ducreux Jean-Louis , Jautée Eric , Pailleret Patrick
Published: January 2025

Les sédiments continentaux du Stampien des environs d'Issoire s'organisent à Nonette en une séquence fluvio-lacustre (grès, calcaires, argiles de la plaine d'inondation). L'environnement a introduit d'importantes fluctuations des paramètres physiques, minéralogiques et géochimiques. Les septarias, rarement cités dans un tel contexte, sont analysés au moyen des colorations chimiques et de la cathodoluminescence. Les données ainsi recueillies ne diffèrent nettement de celles des septarias marins qu'en ce qui concerne l'évolution du caractère réducteur du milieu. La formation des septarias in situ ou à l'extérieur du milieu de dépôt est discutée, ainsi que l'influence des évènements diagénétiques régionaux sur les caractères géochimiques des solutions de précipitations des remplissages septariens.
Observations sur les sols et la composition floristique des pelouses établies sur granites au sud-ouest de Clermont-Ferrand
Authors: Dejou Jean , Loiseau Jean-Edme
Published: January 2025

Le plateau granitique localisé au sud-ouest de Clermont-Ferrand comporte deux types essentiels de sols :

-des lithosols de faible profondeur (0-10 cm), pauvres en fractions fines 0-20 µ m bien pourvus en matière organique, mais dotés de très faibles réserves hydriques.

-des sols bruns acides, caractérisés par une profondeur plus grande mais très variable suivant la topographie (20 à 100 cm) ; ils sont significativement plus riches en éléments fins et pourvus de réserves hydriques et minérales plus importantes.

Les premiers résultats d'une étude phytosociologique en cours font apparaître une correspondance étroite entre les deux types de sols et la végétation herbacée. Les lithosols portent une pelouse pionnière ouverte à Aira praecox et Veronica dillenii (Thero-Airion, Sedo-Scleranthetea), xérophile de caractère primaire, dont différentes variations floristiques sont décrites. Les sols profonds permettent la constitution de pelouses denses et de prairies mésoxérophiles qui constituent des herbages mosaïqués (terrains de parcours). Nous avons reconnu : une association sub-naturelle à Pulsatilla rubra et Dactylorhiza sambucina (Festuco-Brometea), des groupements mal caractérisés qui nécessitent un complément d'information et des stades d'une évolution aboutissant au Festuco-Cynosuretum, pacage maigre, anthropozoogène, du Cynosurion.

Un groupement fortement thermophile, riche en méridionales, des escarpements dominant la Couze Chambon, tient une place à part.
Comparaison des sols développés sur roches-mères basiques éruptives et volcaniques dans le Massif Central français
Authors: Dejou Jean , Kimpe Christian de
Published: January 2025

Les sols bruns mésotrophes et eutrophes développés dans le Massif Central français sur les diorites et les gabbros sont très différents des sols andiques et andosols sur basaltes, basanites et ankaramites de la même région. Ils en diffèrent non seulement par la morphologie, mais aussi par leurs caractéristiques physico-chimiques. Le rôle de la roche-mère est fondamental pour rendre compte de ces différences, mais dans les deux cas, les conditions climatiques et la matière organique règlent l'intensité de l’évolution géochimique.
Le maar de Saint-Hippolyte (Puy-de-Dôme, France). Datation par thermoluminescence, flores et faunes fossiles, présence humaine, climatochronologie et dynamique du système paléo-lacustre.
Authors: Raynal Jean-Paul , Daugas Jean-Pierre , Paquereau Marie-Madeleine , Guadelli Jean-Luc , Marchianti Dominique , Miallier Didier , Fain Jean , Sanzelle Serge
Published: January 2025

L’explosion du maar de Saint-Hippolyte (Puy-de-Dôme, France) se produit à la fin d'une phase tempérée du début du Würm ancien, vers 94.000 ans B.P. Un système lacustre s’installe alors dans la dépression cratérique : la sédimentation y est commandée par les fluctuations climatiques comme l’attestent les résultats de l'étude sédimentologique, palynologique et paléontologique des dépôts. Trois phases principales sont définies et caractérisent l'évolution du paléo-lac : une phase pro-lacustre (comblement progressif et remontée du plan d'eau), une phase pléni-lacustre (plan d'eau au maximum et création d’un exutoire) et une phase tardi-lacustre (abaissement progressif du plan d'eau, érosion des dépôts antérieurs, étagement de plages). Pendant la phase pro-lacustre, l’homme paléolithique (Moustérien) occupe les berges du lac à deux reprises (activités de chasse) en périodes froides et sèches.
L’origine des Îles Canaries. I – Étude des minéraux lourds des formations explosives des Îles Canaries. Évidence de xénolites métamorphiques à La Palma, Ténérife et Fuerteventura. Interprétations et arguments morphologiques
Authors: Pelletier Henri , Pomel René-Simon
Published: January 2025

Des minéraux métamorphiques à faciès africain (Staurotide - Andalousite - Tourmaline - Zircon - Corindon - Apatite et Amphibole) sont représentés en xénolites dans les formations explosives des Des de La Palma, Ténérife et Fuerteventura. En inclusion minérale ou entourés de mésostase vitreuse, ces xénolites ont été remontés lors des phases particulièrement explosives. Ils attestent l'existence d'un socle sous-jacent tant pour les fies orientales que pour les îles occidentales. La durée du volcanisme, la non-concordance des âges avec une théorie de «Hot Spot», la morphologie des «traps» basaltiques horizontaux et leur extension probable sur la côte d'Afrique (couverture basaltique devenue latérites bauxitiques), comme le comportement de ces îles au Miocène en marge continentale (déformation des niveaux marins en flexure), semblaient par ailleurs exclure l’hypothèse d'une origine typiquement océanique. De sérieuses réserves sont alors possibles concernant une explication de type expansion du fond océanique pour ces régions volcaniques bordières de la marge africaine.
L’origine des Îles Canaries. II – Les terrasses de la Palma : étude minéralogique et morphopédologique. Interprétation de la caldera de Taburiente et du barranco de Las Angustias
Authors: Perez Martin Luis , Pelletier Henri , Pomel René-Simon
Published: January 2025

L’étude minéralogique des terrasses du barranco de Las Angustias qui draine la caldera de Taburiente à La Palma, permet de distinguer plusieurs phases dans la genèse de cette dépression d’origine principalement érosive admise mais jamais démontrée. Un vaste cône de déjection (T0) oligo-miocène (?) est contemporain d’une phase explosive discordante sur le complexe hypovolcanique sous-marin. Puis des terrasses du Pliocène Inférieur (T1), à niveau marin daté intercalé et paléosols ferrallitiques, riche en Aegyrine, Hypersthène, Sphène, Pigeonite, Diopside et Dolomie. Elles colmatent une vaste ria surcreusée et d’âge Miocène Supérieur (Messinien, entre 6 et 7 M.A.). Des terrasses (T2) ont plus de 0,8-0,7 M.A. et ont été alimentées par une phase explosive trachy-andésitique à Kaersutite et Wollastonite. Elles sont altérées en paléosols fersiallitiques à horizons vertiques. Des terrasses (T3) ont 0,4 M.A. et sont encroûtées. Des terrasses (T4) sont riches en Hornblendes et altérées en paléosols brun-rouge, entre 0,2 et 0,1 M.A. Les terrasses du Würm (T5) sont riches en olivine et altérées en andosols et sols bruns andiques et sodiques.

La cartographie de la partie centrale de la caldera permet également de retrouver l'imbrication des épisodes explosifs et érosifs de vidange, mais priorité est donnée aux phénomènes érosifs dans la genèse de cette dépression caldériforme.

Le rapport des teneurs en minéraux lourds transparents sur les teneurs en magnétite mesurées dans les sols de ces terrasses, indique les variations de la capacité oxalitisante du milieu pédoclimatique. Il suggère un assèchement (sec et chaud) entre 1,5-1,2 et 0,8 M.A. et une récurrence sèche et fraîche entre 0,015 et 0,01 M.A. Par contre, avant 2,4 M.A., entre 0,7 et 0,5 M.A. et entre 0,2 et 0,1 M.A., des conditions oxydantes et lessivantes, chaudes et humides, voient la disparition ou la diminution des teneurs en magnétite et la néoformation d'anatase. Ces données minéralogiques sont en accord avec le schéma pédoclimatique établi par l'étude des sols intervolcaniques datés.
Recherche et expérimentation sur la Truffe et la trufficulture en France
Authors: Chevalier Gérard
Published: January 2025

Depuis bientôt vingt ans, l'I.N.R.A. a mis au point une méthode de trufficulture rationnelle basée sur le choix judicieux et éventuellement l'aménagement du milieu de plantation, le choix de l'essence truffière la mieux adaptée au milieu retenu, l'ensemencement du sol par l'intermédiaire de plants mycorhizés, le maintien des conditions de milieu dans un sens favorable à la mycorhization puis la fructification.

Le milieu physico-chimique a été caractérisé en détail ; les résultats ont abouti à la détermination des aptitudes des sols à la trufficulture et des corrections éventuelles à apporter pour les rendre aptes à cette culture. L'étude du milieu biotique a permis de mettre en évidence des phénomènes de compétition entre mycorhizés et d'ébaucher des méthodes de lutte.

La qualité des plants mycorhizés a été considérablement améliorée ; la production par multiplication végétative de plants issus de lignées sélectionnées doit encore permettre de progresser.

De nouvelles essences autres que celles utilisées traditionnellement (chênes) se sont révélées intéressantes : noisetier commun (Corylus avellana), noisetier de Byzance (C. colurna).

Les conditions favorables au maintien de la mycorhization et au développement des corps fructifères sont mieux connues ; leur étude a permis d'améliorer les techniques culturales, en particulier par l'irrigation et la fertilisation des truffières.

Les bases d'une trufficulture moderne et intensive adoptant certaines techniques propres à l'arboriculture fruitière peuvent être considérées comme acquises.
Les téphras cendro-ponceux dans les sédiments du lac de Maar de Soleilhac (Haute-Loire). Pétrographie et origine
Authors: Teulade Alain
Published: January 2025

Deux niveaux de téphras cendro-ponceux ont été découverts dans les carottes de sondages effectués dans la série sédimentaire lacustre du maar de Soleilhac. Seul le niveau inférieur est rigoureusement en place et correspond à un épisode de retombées aériennes directes. La composition trachytique, l'estimation géochronologique (entre 1,7 et 0,93 M.A.), la granulométrie fine et la minéralogie permettent d'attribuer à ces téphras une origine montdorienne.
Présence de gypse dans les altérations granitiques fossilisées par des coulées de lave : Origine et conséquence sur la nature de ces altérations (Velay, Massif Central Français)
Authors: Pierre Guillaume
Published: January 2025

L'oxydation de la pyrite contenue dans les coulées de lave qui fossilisent des altérations granitiques, libère des sulfates et entraine la percolation de solutions acides dans le substratum, l'attaque locale des minéraux calciques et la formation de gypse. La présence de gypse dans ces altérations fossilisées montre que les profils continuent à évoluer à travers les coulées, sans pour autant que leur nature héritée en soit affectée.
La flore diatomique des eaux minérales de Vichy (Allier) et de Chaudes-Aigues (Cantal)
Authors: Chaouite J. , Romagoux Jean-Claude
Published: January 2025

Les résultats rapportés dans ce travail sur des eaux minérales en Auvergne soulignent une grande richesse en nombres, en espèces ou en variétés, avec une grande diversification des Diatomées pennées et une dominance de 8 genres : Eunotia, Cocconeis, Achnanthes, Navicuia, Gomphonema, Nitzschia, Lurirella.
Les Armillaires (Armillariella spp.) dans les écosystèmes forestiers d'Auvergne
Authors: Legrand Jean-Philippe , Guillaumin Jean-Jacques
Published: January 2025

Les différentes espèces du genre Armillaria ont été inventoriées à l'état saprohytique (sous forme de carpophores, rhizomorphes ou mycéliums) dans dix peuplements forestiers d'Auvergne.

Dans les peuplements résineux de montagne, Armillaria ostoyae est quasi-exclusive ; elle cohabite selon des proportions variables avec A. cepistipes dans les peuplements mixtes feuillus/résineux. Armillaria mellea est présente avec A. gallica dans les peuplements feuillus de plaine. A. gallica et A. cepistipes sont des espèces dominantes dans les formations feuillues de montagne (hêtraies), A. cepistipes étant prépondérante aux altitudes les plus élevées. Armillaria tabescens, liée aux chênaies de plaine, apparaît marginale.
Les bois silicifiés de la Limagne
Authors: Pelletier Henri
Published: January 2025

Inventoriés dès 1854, notamment par Bouillet, les sites de Bussières et Pruns, et la région d'Aigueperse, ont fourni de nombreux échantillons de bois silicifiés. La silicification est un phénomène dû au polymorphisme de la silice qui peut constituer des solutions et des gels où, sous l'action probable de bactéries, elle se subtitue à la lignine du bois. On peut dès lors, dans ces bois fossiles, pratiquer des coupes et identifier Tes végétaux qui constituaient la flore de l'époque et du lieu où ils ont été "pétrifiés". L'étude de cette flore a été faite pour la Limagne par Madame Privé-Gill, et montre des essences nouvelles à caractère tropical et subtropical, voire équatorial. Ce travail complète ce que l'on savait déjà du régime climatique du lac oligocène de Limagne.
Végétation et morphologie des Hauts-Marais ombrotrophes en amont de la Haute vallée de l’Etui, Bois-Noirs, Massif Central, France
Authors: Thébaud Gilles , Pétetin Anne , Combe Claudy
Published: January 2025

Les tourbières de la haute vallée de l'Etui représentent un site naturel remarquable au sein du Massif central français. Nos travaux en fournissent une description phytosociologique et phytoécologique. Très actives, dans un contexte climatique particulièrement humide et au cœur d’une vaste sylve résineuse semi-naturelle, elles se sont développées sous forme de hauts marais ombrotrophes à fort dénivelé. On souligne le caractère nordique accentué de leur végétation, enclave d’affinités boréales au sein de l’Europe subatlantique.