bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cytotoxic and Antibacterial Activity of Koninginins Isolated from the Mangrove-Derived Endophytic Fungus Trichoderma sp.
Authors: Ramos Gisele da Costa , Ramos Ingryd Nayara de Farias , Watanabe Luciano Almeida , Castro Luciana Almeida Watanabe , Moraes Alessandra Jackeline Guedes de , Santos Gleiciane Rodrigues dos , Siqueira José Edson de Sousa , Khayat André Salim , Marinho Andrey Moacir do Rosario , Marinho Patrícia Santana Barbosa
Published: November 2024

The search for bioactive compounds for the treatment of several diseases has led to the study of endophytic fungi. Neoplastic diseases are among the most significant health concerns due to their high mortality rate, and there is a dearth of efficacious pharmaceutical agents for the treatment of cancer. Gastric cancer is one of the most aggressive forms of cancer and is among those with the highest mortality rates in Brazil. Accordingly, the objective of this study was to identify compounds with cytotoxic activity from the mangrove-derived endophytic fungus Trichoderma sp. Isolation of the chemical compounds was conducted using chromatographic methods, while structural elucidation was achieved through the application of spectroscopic (NMR and UV) and spectrometric (MS) techniques. The fungus Trichoderma sp. was found to produce five distinct koninginins (A, B, C, E, and J). The organic phases of the extracts and isolated compounds were evaluated for their antimicrobial and cytotoxic potentials, respectively, through microdilution testing and the MTT method. In the cytotoxicity assay, both the AF extract and koninginin A demonstrated favorable outcomes, indicating their potential as promising anticancer therapeutic agents.
3D NiCoW Metallic Compound Nano-Network Structure Catalytic Material for Urea Oxidation
Authors: Liang Zuoyuan , Yao Lang , Zhang Yipeng , Li Sirong , Xiao Xuechun
Published: November 2024

Urea shows promise as an alternative substrate to water oxidation in electrolyzers, and replacing OER with the Urea Oxidation Reaction (UOR, theoretical potential of 0.37 V vs. RHE) can significantly increase hydrogen production efficiency. Additionally, the decomposition of urea can help reduce environmental pollution. This paper improves the inherent activity of catalytic materials through morphology and electronic modulation by incorporating tungsten (W), which accelerates electron transfer, enhances the electronic structure of neighboring atoms to create a synergistic effect, and regulates the adsorption process of active sites and intermediates. NiCoW catalytic materials with an ultra-thin nanosheet structure were prepared using an ultrasonic-assisted NaBH4 reduction method. The results show that during the OER process, NiCoW catalytic materials have a potential of only 1.53 V at a current density of 10 mA/cm2, while the UOR process under the same conditions requires a lower potential of 1.31 V, demonstrating superior catalytic performance. In a mixed electrolyte of 1 M KOH and 0.5 M urea, overall water splitting also shows excellent performance. Therefore, the designed NiCoW electrocatalyst, with its high catalytic activity, provides valuable insights for enhancing the efficiency of water electrolysis for hydrogen production and holds practical research significance.
Making Mobile Nanotechnology Accessible: Is the Explicit Preparation of Janus Nanoparticle Necessary to Achieve Mobility?
Authors: Nidhi Vagisha , Allaire Arthur , Ait Athmane Zakariya , Guenoun Patrick , Testard Fabienne , Renault Jean-Philippe , Malloggi Florent
Published: November 2024

This study compares the mobility behaviour, in a H2O2 environment, of three different geometries of hybrid particle made of silica core functionalized by gold (nanoparticles or layer). It is known that the decomposition of H2O2 on gold surfaces drives mobility; however, the link between mobility orientation and the organization of gold on silica surfaces is still questionable. While conventional wisdom posits that asymmetric designs are crucial for generating phoretic forces or localized bubble propulsion, recent research suggests that symmetrical particles may also exhibit motility. To address this debate, we developed a robust workflow for synthesizing gold grafted silica nanoparticles with precise control over size and shape, enabling the direct comparison of their motile behaviour by dynamic light scattering and particle tracking velocimetry. Our results indicate, first, that a combination of techniques is necessary to overcome their intrinsic limitation and, second, that the inherent asymmetry generated by isotropic gold nanoparticle deposition onto silica surfaces may enable particle motility.
How to Manage a Neonate Born from a SARS-CoV-2-Positive Mother: A Narrative Review
Authors: Salomè Serena , D’Acunzo Ida , Fanelli Federica , Perniciaro Simona , Capasso Letizia , Raimondi Francesco , Tzialla Chryssoula ,   on behalf of the Study Group of Neonatal Infectious Diseases
Published: November 2024

From 2020 to today, considerable knowledge on SARS-CoV-2 has been collected, even on pregnant women and their fetuses and newborns, and clinical guidelines have been written and implemented worldwide. Vaccination has considerably improved outcomes, but hesitancy amongst pregnant patients and the emergence of variants remain challenging, and SARS-CoV-2 positivity during pregnancy continues to be associated with an increased risk of maternal complications, premature delivery, and higher neonatal mortality and morbidity. A body of data now exists on the effect of SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy on early neonatal outcomes, medical education in obstetrics and pediatrics, and longer-term developmental outcomes. This review aimed to present important findings on clinical outcomes and health recommendations for neonate born from a SARS-CoV-2-positive mother in order to summarize effective preventive healthcare guidelines.
Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol and Cannabidiol in Commercial Suk-Saiyasna Herbal Remedy: Applying Hansen Solubility Parameters for Sample Extraction to Ensure Regulatory Compliance
Authors: Sumontri Suwimon , Eiamart Wanna , Tadtong Sarin , Samee Weerasak
Published: November 2024

Background: Suk-Saiyasna is a traditional Thai herbal remedy that comprises 12 distinct herbs. Among these, cannabis leaves constitute 12 of the total 78 components in this formulation. This study specifically examines the portion of the cannabis plant, which accounts for approximately 15.8% of the overall herbal composition used in the entire remedy. According to the Thailand Narcotics Act of 2022, the Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) concentration in herbal extracts must not exceed 0.2% by weight. This study aims to quantify the levels of Δ9-THC and cannabidiol (CBD) in commercial Suk-Saiyasna products. Methodology: This research utilizes Hansen Solubility Parameters (HSPs) to identify the optimal solvent for ultrasonic extraction, thereby maximizing cannabinoid yield. An advanced method was developed employing ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS), compliant with AOAC standards to meet regulatory guidelines. The method validation emphasized specificity, linearity, sensitivity, accuracy, and precision. Results: Dichloromethane was chosen due to its favorable HSP values, enabling highly efficient extraction of Δ9-THC and CBD, achieving recovery rates of over 99.9% after the second extraction. This investigation benefits from the accuracy of the UHPLC-MS/MS technique in quantifying cannabinoids in commercial products, with Δ9-THC concentrations observed between 0.00231% and 0.14218%, and CBD concentrations ranging from 0.00002% to 0.01541%, all remaining below the legal limit. Conclusions: The variability in cannabinoid concentrations among various commercial products highlights the need for standardization in the herbal industry. This finding underscores the critical role of rigorous quality control measures in ensuring the safety and efficacy of cannabis-derived products.
Machine Learning in 3D and 4D Printing of Polymer Composites: A Review
Authors: Malashin Ivan , Masich Igor , Tynchenko Vadim , Gantimurov Andrei , Nelyub Vladimir , Borodulin Aleksei , Martysyuk Dmitry , Galinovsky Andrey
Published: November 2024

The emergence of 3D and 4D printing has transformed the field of polymer composites, facilitating the fabrication of complex structures. As these manufacturing techniques continue to progress, the integration of machine learning (ML) is widely utilized to enhance aspects of these processes. This includes optimizing material properties, refining process parameters, predicting performance outcomes, and enabling real-time monitoring. This paper aims to provide an overview of the recent applications of ML in the 3D and 4D printing of polymer composites. By highlighting the intersection of these technologies, this paper seeks to identify existing trends and challenges, and outline future directions.
A Review of Data-Driven Intelligent Monitoring for Geological Drilling Processes
Authors: Du Sheng , Huang Cheng , Ma Xian , Fan Haipeng
Published: November 2024

The exploration and development of resources and energy are fundamental to human survival and development, and geological drilling is a key method for deep resource and energy exploration. Intelligent monitoring technology can achieve anomaly detection, fault diagnosis, and fault prediction in the drilling process, which is crucial for ensuring production safety and improving drilling efficiency. The drilling process is characterized by complex geological conditions, variable working conditions, and low information value density, which pose a series of difficulties and challenges for intelligent monitoring. This paper reviews the research progress of the data-driven intelligent monitoring of geological drilling processes, focusing on the above difficulties and challenges. It mainly includes multivariate statistics, machine learning, and multi-model fusion. Multivariate statistical methods can effectively handle and analyze complex geological drilling data, while machine learning methods can efficiently extract key patterns and trends from a large amount of geological drilling data. Multi-model fusion methods, by combining the advantages of the first two methods, enhance the ability to handle complex multivariable and nonlinear problems. This review shows that existing research still faces problems such as limited data processing capabilities and insufficient model generalization capabilities. Improving the efficiency of data processing and the generalization capability of models may be the main research directions in the future.
Combined Effect of Multiple Slotting Spatial Parameters on Gas Extraction Efficiency: Numerical Analysis and Field Verification
Authors: Chen Xuexi , Ma Xinyu , Hu Jiaying , Yang Tao , Zhou Aitao , Bi Ruiqing , Sun Jihong
Published: November 2024

Hydraulic slotting is an effective technology that enhances gas extraction operations and prevents gas disasters in coal mines. Slotting parameters and spatial arrangements substantially affect permeability enhancements. The pressure-release range and effective extraction area under different slotting spatial parameters were obtained by constructing a hydraulic slotting pressure-release permeability and three-dimensional (3D) slotting numerical models. These models quantitatively characterized the influence rules of multiple slotting spatial arrangement parameters on the extraction efficiency at a 3D scale, clarified the interactions of multiple slottings and their combined effects on pressure relief and permeability enhancement, and verified the results using field engineering tests. The results showed that hydraulic slotting significantly alters local stress and strain distributions, creating high-strain and high-stress zones with clear spatial attenuation. The process enhances fracture development, reducing gas pressure from 1 MPa to 0.08 MPa, thereby improving extraction efficiency. Enlarging the slot dimensions from 1.5 to 2.5 m increases the gas pressure-relief efficiency by up to 41% and nearly triples the impact radius. Wider slot spacing (1.5 m to 3.5 m) and additional slots (from one to three) further reduce the borehole gas pressure by 23% to 25%, optimizing hydraulic slotting technology for practical applications.
SFFNet: Shallow Feature Fusion Network Based on Detection Framework for Infrared Small Target Detection
Authors: Yu Zhihui , Pan Nian , Zhou Jin
Published: November 2024

Infrared small target detection (IRSTD) is the process of recognizing and distinguishing small targets from infrared images that are obstructed by crowded backgrounds. This technique is used in various areas, including ground monitoring, flight navigation, and so on. However, due to complex backgrounds and the loss of information in deep networks, infrared small target detection remains a difficult undertaking. To solve the above problems, we present a shallow feature fusion network (SFFNet) based on detection framework. Specifically, we design the shallow-layer-guided feature enhancement (SLGFE) module, which guides multi-scale feature fusion with shallow layer information, effectively mitigating the loss of information in deep networks. Then, we design the visual-Mamba-based global information extension (VMamba-GIE) module, which leverages a multi-branch structure combining the capability of convolutional layers to extract features in local space with the advantages of state space models in the exploration of long-distance information. The design significantly extends the network’s capacity to acquire global contextual information, enhancing its capability to handle complex backgrounds. And through the effective fusion of the SLGFE and VMamba-GIE modules, the exorbitant computation brought by the SLGFE module is substantially reduced. The experimental results on two publicly available infrared small target datasets demonstrate that the SFFNet surpasses other state-of-the-art algorithms.
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle-Neural Radiance Field (UAV-NeRF): Learning Multiview Drone Three-Dimensional Reconstruction with Neural Radiance Field
Authors: Li Li , Zhang Yongsheng , Jiang Zhipeng , Wang Ziquan , Zhang Lei , Gao Han
Published: November 2024

In traditional 3D reconstruction using UAV images, only radiance information, which is treated as a geometric constraint, is used in feature matching, allowing for the restoration of the scene’s structure. After introducing radiance supervision, NeRF can adjust the geometry in the fixed-ray direction, resulting in a smaller search space and higher robustness. Considering the lack of NeRF construction methods for aerial scenarios, we propose a new NeRF point sampling method, which is generated using a UAV imaging model, compatible with a global geographic coordinate system, and suitable for a UAV view. We found that NeRF is optimized entirely based on the radiance while ignoring the direct geometry constraint. Therefore, we designed a radiance correction strategy that considers the incidence angle. Our method can complete point sampling in a UAV imaging scene, as well as simultaneously perform digital surface model construction and ground radiance information recovery. When tested on self-acquired datasets, the NeRF variant proposed in this paper achieved better reconstruction accuracy than the original NeRF-based methods. It also reached a level of precision comparable to that of traditional photogrammetry methods, and it is capable of outputting a surface albedo that includes shadow information.
Green Roofs as a Nature-Based Solution to Mitigate Urban Heating During a Heatwave Event in the City of Athens, Greece
Authors: Spyrou Christos , Koukoula Marika , Saviolakis Pantelis-Manolis , Zerefos Christos , Loupis Michael , Masouras Charis , Pappa Aikaterini , Katsafados Petros
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the impact of green roof (GR) implementations as a mitigation strategy for urban heating during an extreme heat wave event in Athens, Greece, from 28 July to 5 August 2021. Three GR scenarios were simulated, namely 100% grass coverage, 100% sedum coverage, and 50% grass coverage, using the Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF) in conjunction with the multi-layer urban-canopy-model BEP&BEM (Building Effect Parameterization/Building Energy Model) and extra urban land-use categories from Local Climate Zones (LCZ). Based on the results, GRs alter the local heat balance in the Greater Area of Athens (GAA), leading to a total temperature reduction. The 100% grass coverage proved to be the most effective, particularly during daytime, reducing the 2 m temperature field by approximately 0.7 ∘C (mean value) in the GAA. In some locations, temperature reductions exceeded 2 ∘C, depending on the local characteristics and the direction of the prevailing winds. Grass offered superior cooling effects compared to sedum, although sedum is more resilient to dry and moderate climates. The extent of vegetation coverage played an important role in the effectiveness of GRs. Reducing the coverage by 50% significantly reduced the cooling benefits, highlighting the importance of maximizing vegetation coverage to achieve notable temperature reductions.
Evaluating the Soil Properties of Different Land Use Types in the Deviskel Watershed in the Hilly Region of Northeast Türkiye
Authors: Erdoğan Yüksel Esin , Yavuz Gökhan
Published: November 2024

Land use is a remarkable human-induced change that has redesigned the Earth’s surface since the beginning of civilization. Due to the combination of rugged terrain and low-income levels in rural areas, people in watershed regions often resort to overexploiting forests, agricultural land, and grasslands beyond their capacity. As a result of these spatio-temporal changes in land use, various soil properties undergo changes. This study aims to determine the changes in some physical (texture, bulk weight, particle density, total porosity), hydro-physical (water holding capacity, permeability, field capacity, wilting point), physico-chemical (organic matter, pH, electrical conductivity), and erodibility (dispersion ratio, colloid–moisture equivalent ratio, erosion ratio, clay ratio, aggregate stability and K-factor of Universal Soil Loss Equation-USLE) properties of soil depending on land use in the Deviskel Watershed in the city of Artvin in Türkiye. For this purpose, disturbed (composite) and undisturbed (cylinder) soil samples were taken from a 0 to 20 cm depth at 108 different points in the determined areas (36 from forests, 36 from agricultural areas, and 36 from grassland areas). It was determined that 15 of the 19 soil properties examined showed statistical differences depending on the change in land use. All the examined soil properties, except for clay content, particle density, dispersion ratio, and aggregate stability, were found to be statistically significantly affected by the change in land use, and the reasons behind these changes were discussed. The particle density had the lowest coefficient of variation value (15.26%) while electrical conductivity had the highest coefficient of variation value (91.25%). According to erosion tendencies, all watershed soils were found to be susceptible to erosion. The average aggregate stability was 88.52% in forest soils, 84.84% in agricultural soils, and 85.48% in grassland soils. The average USLE-K factor was determined to be 0.22 for forests, while it was determined to be 0.17 and 0.18 for agriculture and grassland areas, respectively. According to the USLE-K factor, 68.37% of the watershed was dominated by moderately erodible soils, while 31.63% consisted of highly erodible soils. Based on the colloid–moisture equivalent ratio, erosion ratio, and clay ratio, which are statistically different erodibility features, the grassland soils of the research area were found to be more susceptible to erosion than forest and agricultural soils. In terms of aggregate stability, which indicates resistance to water erosion, forest areas had higher values, while agricultural lands were more prone to erosion.
From Ecology to Humanities: A Review, Insights, and Recommendations on National Marine Parks
Authors: Li Qiuhua
Published: November 2024

National marine parks (NMPs) represent a category within the marine protected area (MPA) framework, and nearly all countries worldwide have implemented marine protected area or national marine park initiatives. Correspondingly, research on this topic has gradually emerged. Given that existing research tends to focus too much on the perspective of natural sciences such as ecology, this article specifically focuses on humanities research. The relevant literature on national marine parks is organized using a literature review method and mainly analyzed through content analysis. It is summarized into five research areas: park creation research, ecological and economic impact assessment, park community management research, park marine cultural heritage, and new park-planning methods. Through this review, it is found that the research content exhibits characteristics of being “ecology-heavy but humanities-light, impact-heavy but strategy-light, conservation-heavy but development-light, and qualitative-heavy but interdisciplinary-light”. In response to these trends, this paper suggests adopting new planning approaches, implementing participatory management strategies, enhancing community policy guidance, and promoting education on sustainable development. Furthermore, it proposes establishing NMPs focused on marine cultural heritage, creating authoritative park evaluation criteria and research methods, and strengthening diachronic studies, quantitative analysis, and interdisciplinary methods in the humanities.
Research Hotspots and Knowledge Framework of Digital Healthcare Service Management from the Perspective of the Silver Economy
Authors: Zeng Yangyan , Fu Jiaojuan , Cao Wenzhi , Chen Yang , Yang Zhihui
Published: November 2024

Over the next three decades, it is anticipated that China’s aging population will propel steady growth in elderly healthcare and senior care technologies. With its broad consumer base, long industrial chain, and variety of needs, the silver economy will provide the digital healthcare sector with a lot of prospects and enhance the well-being of the elderly while also promoting the sustainable development of the socio-economic environment. Research on digital healthcare services for the elderly is gaining traction in the digital economy era, although thorough studies in this area are still very uncommon. Therefore, in order to investigate potential future trends in digital healthcare services from the perspective of the silver economy, this research uses the visualization tool CiteSpace6.3.R1 to perform descriptive statistics, clustering analysis, and co-occurrence analysis on 639 relevant papers. The findings indicate that although China’s research in this field began later than that of other nations, it offers distinct benefits and enormous potential. Due to the irreversibility of population aging, digital health management in the context of the silver economy is likely to become a focal point of future digital society research. Innovation in the field of digital healthcare is being driven by the proper integration of advanced digital technologies like artificial intelligence and big data. In conclusion, this paper develops a research paradigm for the administration of digital healthcare services from the standpoint of the silver economy. This study offers cutting-edge insights and theoretical references, giving academics insightful advice on current research trends and possible future approaches.
The Use of Phosphonates to Inhibit Salt Crystallization: A Laboratory Study for the Sustainable Conservation of Mural Paintings in the Hypogea Context
Authors: Simonelli Giulia , Sidoti Giancarlo , Ruggiero Ludovica , Calia Angela , Quarta Giovanni , Aramini Fabio , Mezzadri Paola
Published: November 2024

This research is focused on the laboratory study of salt crystallization inhibitor products as new materials for conservation treatments which can be applied to mortars and painted plasters; as is well known, salt crystallization is one of the most frequent causes of decay processes on decorated architectural surfaces in a wide range of environments. Specifically, the study targets the field of the preventive conservation of mural paintings within rupestrian heritage sites. For the first time, systematic investigations were performed on mock-ups made of plaster painted with two different pigments: yellow ochre and carbon black. Two types of phosphonate inhibitors, PBTC (2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid) and ATMP (aminotris (methylene phosphonic acid)), were chosen and applied at two different concentrations. Given the limited literature available, and the presence of pigments potentially sensitive to treatment with salt inhibitors, preliminary tests were required. Their effects on the chromatic features of the pigments were evaluated visually and using colorimetry. The changes in the behaviour of water circulation in the mortar resulting from the treatments were evaluated through water vapour permeability and absorption tests. Accelerated crystallization experiments were carried out to assess how inhibitors could influence the growth of salts and the resulting material damage. The latter was carried out by employing sodium sulphate and calcium sulphate solutions, quantifying the damage to the specimens through material loss in weight and the percentage of painted surface loss. Based on the overall results, the product with the best performance was identified was ATMP 0.1% (by volume) in deionized water. The obtained results show that salt inhibitor treatments are promising for in situ application and could represent an innovative approach to promote the sustainable conservation of mural painting, particularly those located in hypogeal contexts, where the salt supply cannot be removed and slowing the growth of salts and/or changing their crystalline habitus may be effective in limiting their damage.
Supply Chain Management for the Engineering Procurement and Construction (EPC) Model: A Review and Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Huang Jiaxin , Fu Xiaowen , Chen Xiaoxu , Wen Xin
Published: November 2024

China’s “Going Out” strategy and the “Belt and Road” initiative have significantly propelled the expansion of overseas contractual engagements, with a pronounced impact in the Engineering, Procurement, and Construction (EPC) sector. EPC contracting is increasingly recognized for its superior resource allocation and integration efficiency. Within the EPC framework, procurement is pivotal, exerting a direct influence on project cost, schedule, and quality parameters. The biblio-metric analysis of this paper reveals the research trend of EPC projects in the past decade, especially in supply chain integration, procurement management, and stakeholder management. This indicates an increasing interest in efficient project management and supply chain optimization in international engineering EPC projects. Although the application of supply chain integration in the manufacturing industry has been a successful experience, its practical application in construction and EPC projects is still insufficient. Integration strategies mentioned in the literature, such as achieving supply chain transparency through digital platforms, reducing operating costs, and optimizing delivery time, are directions that need to be further explored in this field. Effective supply chain integration and increased maturity of procurement management in EPC projects are still less involved areas. In addition, there is also a lack of research on how to manage high-risk and unpredictable risks in large international engineering projects. This article suggests that future research should focus on developing flexible supply chain management tools and practices to adapt to a project-oriented supply chain environment.
Education to Promote Healthy and Sustainable Eating Habits: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Carvalho Nuno Aluai , Martins Maria da Conceição
Published: November 2024

Food production accounts for a substantial part of human activities’ negative impact on planetary environmental stability. Although environmental education and education for sustainable development could both promote changes in this area, research often does not focus on their potential to build healthy and sustainable eating habits. Here, a bibliometric map of the scientific literature is outlined, revealing trends and opportunities for research on this topic. The SPAR-4-SLR protocol was used to collect a large sample (RQ1 sample: n = 2067) and, subsequently, a narrow sample (RQ2 sample: n = 256) of research works on this topic. The sampling process and data treatment were undertaken in RStudio. The bibliometric analysis shows that scientific research in this area is increasing exponentially in quantity (R2 = 0.926). However, the model also indicates that quality standards have been decreasing (β = −0.951 p < 0.001), with a high adjustment (R2 = 0.803). Cross-statistical corroboration points in the same direction (r = −0.541 p < 0.01). Authorship quality has low consistency among publications focused on eating-habit education from an environmental sustainability perspective. The emerging topics are meat consumption, behavior, attitudes, and the Mediterranean diet. This research unveils gaps to be explored in future research on education for sustainable development (and environmental education) to foster healthy and sustainable eating habits, and contributes to the discussion on the quality standards of scientific research.
Some New Graph Interpretations of Padovan Numbers
Authors: Pirga Mateusz , Włoch Andrzej , Włoch Iwona
Published: November 2024

Padovan numbers and Perrin numbers belong to the family of numbers of the Fibonacci type and they are well described in the literature. In this paper, by studying independent (1,2)-dominating sets in paths and cycles, we obtain new binomial formulas for Padovan and Perrin numbers. As a consequence of graph interpretation, we propose a new dependence between Padovan and Perrin numbers. By studying special independent (1,2)-dominating sets in a composition of two graphs, we define Padovan polynomials of graphs. By the fact that every independent (1,2)-dominating set includes the set of leaves as a subset, in some cases a symmetric structure of the independent (1,2)-dominating set can be used.
Dietary Mycotoxins: An Overview on Toxicokinetics, Toxicodynamics, Toxicity, Epidemiology, Detection, and Their Mitigation with Special Emphasis on Aflatoxicosis in Humans and Animals
Authors: Kibugu James , Munga Leonard , Mburu David , Maloba Fredrick , Auma Joanna E. , Grace Delia , Lindahl Johanna F.
Published: November 2024

Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites of filamentous fungi and ubiquitous dietary contaminants. Aflatoxins, a group of mycotoxins with high prevalence and toxicity, have raised a high level of public health concern, the most prevalent and toxic being aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). Many aspects appertaining to AFB1 poisoning are not well understood. Yet this information is necessary to devise appropriate surveillance and mitigation strategies against human and animal aflatoxicosis. This review provides an in-depth update of work carried out on mycotoxin poisoning, particularly aflatoxicosis in humans and animals, to identify gaps in knowledge. Hypotheses explaining the functional significance of mycotoxins in fungal biology and their dietary epidemiological data are presented and briefly discussed. The toxicology of aflatoxins and the challenges of their mitigation are discussed in depth. It was concluded that the identification of potential mycotoxin-hazard-prone food items and quantification of the associated risk of cancer ailments in humans is a prime priority. There is a dearth of reliable sampling methodologies for estimating AFB1 in animal feed. Data update on AFB1 in animal feed and its implication in animal production, mitigation strategies, and elucidation of risk factors to this hazard is required. To reduce the burden of aflatoxins, surveillance employing predictive technology, and biocontrol strategies seem promising approaches.
Prevalence, Characteristics, and Distribution of Human Papillomavirus According to Age and HIV Status in Women of Eastern Cape Province, South Africa
Authors: Mbulawa Zizipho Z. A. , Kondlo Sinazo , Toni Sinalo , Faye Lindiwe M. , Businge Charles B.
Published: November 2024

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a sexually transmitted infection associated with the development of cervical cancer. This study investigated cervical HPV prevalence, characteristics, and distribution according to age and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status among women attending a public community health facility in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. A total of 325 participants (aged 18 to 60) visiting a community health facility for any reason were recruited. Cervical HPV infection was detected using the Seegene Anyplex™ II HPV28 assay (Seegene Inc., Seoul, South Korea). Overall HPV prevalence was 65.2% (95% CI: 59.9–70.2%), with the highest prevalence of 80.9% (95% CI: 67.2–89.8%) observed in the 18–25-year-old age group and the lowest prevalence of 46.3% (95% CI: 35.8–57.1%) in the 46–60-year-old age group. HR-HPV infection was found to decrease with increasing age (p < 0.001) in the overall population and according to HIV status. In contrast, LR-HPV infection was found to significantly decrease with age among HIV-negative women (p = 0.001) but not for the overall population and HIV-positive women. A proportion of 12.9% were infected with one or more HPV types covered by the Cervarix® HPV vaccine (HPV-16 and/or -18), 18.8% (by those covered by Gardasil®4 (HPV-6, -11, -16 and/or -18), and 42.2% by those covered by Gardasil®9 (HPV-6, -11, -16, -18, -31, -33, -45, -52 and/or -58). The alpha-9 HPV species was the most dominant species (40.6%), followed by the alpha-7 species (29.8%). High overall HPV, HR-HPV, and alpha-9 species prevalence were observed among the women attending the public health facility. These findings contribute to the limited HPV distribution data among the Eastern Cape women, which could be used to improve HPV-related policy and assess the effectiveness of the HPV vaccination.
Mathematical Approach for Directly Solving Air–Water Interfaces in Water Emptying Processes
Authors: Bonilla-Correa Dalia M. , Coronado-Hernández Oscar E. , Arrieta-Pastrana Alfonso , Fuertes-Miquel Vicente S. , Pérez-Sánchez Modesto , Ramos Helena M.
Published: November 2024

Emptying processes are operations frequently required in hydraulic installations by water utilities. These processes can result in drops to sub-atmospheric pressure pulses, which may lead to pipeline collapse depending on soil characteristics and the stiffness of a pipe class. One-dimensional mathematical models and 3D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations have been employed to analyse the behaviour of the air–water interface during these events. The numerical resolution of these models is challenging, as 1D models necessitate solving a system of algebraic differential equations. At the same time, 3D CFD simulations can take months to complete depending on the characteristics of the pipeline. This presents a mathematical approach for directly solving air–water interactions in emptying processes involving entrapped air, providing a predictive tool for water utilities. The proposed mathematical approach enables water utilities to predict emptying operations in water pipelines without needing 2D/3D CFD simulations or the resolution of a differential algebraic equations system (1D model). A practical application is demonstrated in a case study of a 350 m long pipe with an internal diameter of 350 mm, investigating the influence of air pocket size, friction factor, polytropic coefficient, pipe diameter, resistance coefficient, and pipe slope. The mathematical approach is validated using an experimental facility that is 7.36 m long, comparing it with 1D mathematical models and 3D CFD simulations. The results confirm that the derived mathematical expression effectively predicts emptying operations in single water installations.
Assessing Flood Risks in Coastal Plain Cities of Zhejiang Province, Southeastern China
Authors: Huang Saihua , Xuan Weidong , Qiu He , Ye Jiandong , Chen Xiaofei , Nie Hui , Chen Hao
Published: November 2024

Constructing a precise and effective evaluation index system is crucial to flood disaster prevention and management in coastal areas. This study takes Lucheng District, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, southeastern China, as a case study and constructs an evaluation index system comprising three criterion levels: disaster-causing factors, disaster-gestation environments, and disaster-bearing bodies. The weights of each evaluation index are determined by combining the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the entropy method. The fuzzy matter-element model is utilized to assess the flood disaster risk in Lucheng District quantitatively. By calculating the correlation degree of each evaluation index, the comprehensive index of flood disaster risk for each street area is obtained, and the flood disaster risk of each street area is classified according to the risk level classification criteria. Furthermore, the distribution of flood disaster risks in Lucheng District under different daily precipitation conditions is analyzed. The results indicate that: (1) the study area falls into the medium-risk category, with relatively low flood risks; (2) varying precipitation conditions will affect the flood resilience of each street in Lucheng District, Wenzhou City. The flood disaster evaluation index system and calculation framework constructed in this study provide significant guidance for flood risk assessment in coastal plain cities.
Trajetórias pibidianas na formação de professores de Geografia
Authors: Rodrigues Aline
Published: November 2024

O presente texto apresenta a narrativa de uma professora ao longo da sua trajetória profissional e o papel que o Programa de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID) exerceu em sua prática docente. Ele está organizado a partir das vivências de uma professora e suas práticas junto ao PIBID nas universidades em que trabalhou, evidenciando, através do relato, a relação universidade e escola. Por fim, apresenta considerações sobre o impacto do PIBID na formação inicial e continuada de professores, não apenas para os alunos de Iniciação à docência, mas também para os professores atuantes como orientadores de área e supervisores. Desta forma, revelou-se um espaço-tempo para a reflexão do que é ser professor(a).
Semanas da Matemática no contexto do PIBID
Authors: Piffer de Oliveira Gabriela , Pigati Julia Citadine , Dos Santos Malheiros Ana Paula , Mazzi Lucas Carato
Published: November 2024

O PIBID, política pública de grande relevância social, envolve estudantes de licenciatura, professores universitários e da escola pública, colaboradores da formação de professores e da melhoria da Educação Básica. Nesse contexto, este texto tem como objetivo apresentar e refletir sobre as experiências de licenciandos no planejamento e desenvolvimento das chamadas ‘Semanas da Matemática’ em uma escola pública. Como resultados, evidenciamos a capacidade dos licenciandos de inovar o ensino de Matemática, assim como as atividades desenvolvidas tornaram a aprendizagem mais dinâmica e incentivaram a participação ativa e o trabalho em equipe entre os licenciandos, coordenação do PIBID, professores e estudantes da escola. Essas iniciativas ajudaram a desmistificar a Matemática, apresentando-a como uma disciplina acessível e divertida.
Trabajo, organización socioterritorial, economía popular y procesos identitarios: el caso de las unidades productivas Pancho Soares y Zomo Newen en el distrito de Tigre
Authors: Di marco Anibal Sebastián
Published: November 2024

El presente trabajo se propone analizar los mecanismos bajo los cuales los actores de la economía popular que desarrollan sus actividades en unidades productivas de la agricultura familiar del distrito de Tigre configuran trabajo, comercialización y participación política, con un sentido identitario colectivizado; entendiendo que la organización socioproductiva se presenta como un elemento central a la hora de definir cada unidad productiva, las cuales presentan un marcado carácter político reivindicativo. Dentro del distrito de Tigre, tomaremos como objeto de análisis dos unidades productivas de agricultura familiar en dos localidades diferentes: General Pacheco, donde se ubica la unidad productiva “Zomo Newen” (fuerza de mujeres, en idioma mapuche), y en Tigre centro, la huerta “Pancho Soares” (denominación que hace referencia al sacerdote asesinado durante la última dictadura cívico-militar argentina, entre 1976 y 1983).
أثر التمكين الإداري في تعزيز الإبداع التنظيمي لدى العاملين في سلطة منطقة العقبة الاقتصادية الخاصة
Authors: البشابشة سامر عبدالمجيد
Published: November 2024

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف إلى أثر التمكين الإداري في تعزيز الإبداع التنظيمي لدى العاملين في سلطة منطقة العقبة الاقتصادية الخاصة. ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة تم استخدام استبانة مطورة لغرض جمع البيانات من أفراد العينة والتي بلغ تعدادها (385) مفردة، وتشكل ما نسبته (37.67%) من مجتمع الدراسة البالغ (1022)، وقد توصلت الدراسة إلى مجموعة من النتائج كان من أبرزها: أن هنالك أثراً مهمَّا وذا دلالة إحصائية للتمكين الإداري في الإبداع التنظيمي (تنوع المهارات والقدرات، تنوع الكفاءات، تنوع الخبرات). توصلت الدراسة إلى مجموعة من التوصيات من أهمها: ضرورة تبني الأفراد المبدعين وتنمية البوادر الإبداعية لديهم. وتشجيع العاملين لتقبل فكرة التمكين، وأهمية الدور الذي يؤدونه في نجاح أهداف السلطة، لاسيما وأنها تعتمد أسلوب (فرق العمل) على نطاق واسع، وتستخدم برامج للتوعية والتوجيه، وأساليب حديثة لإدارة الموارد البشرية.
تنمية مقياس جديد للتعرف على المستهلكين الخضر في السوق وقياس درجة صدقه وثباته
Authors: السيد إسماعيل محمود , الغيص منى راشد
Published: November 2024

هدفت الدراسة إلى القيام بتنمية مقياس جديد بغرض التعرف على المستهلكين الخضر في السوق، وكذلك القيام باختبارات الصدق والثبات المتعلقة به. وقد أجريت الدراسة وفقا لثلاث مراحل أساسية. ففي المرحلة الأولى، تم تنمية العبارات الخاصة بالمقياس وفقا لنتائج المقابلات الجماعية التي أجريت في مدينتي القاهرة والإسكندرية. أما المرحلة الثانية من الدراسة فقد هدفت إلى خلق مجموعات للعبارات التي تعكس مفاهيم مختلفة في مجال الاستهلاك البيئي. وقد استخدم في هذا الصدد أسلوب تحليل المجموعات المتدرج. أما المرحلة الثالثة فقد انطوت على تحليل تلك البيانات المتحصل عليها نتيجة القيام بدراسة مسحية شاملة على عينة من المستهلكين قوامها 1230 مفرد. وقد تم استخدام عدد من الأساليب الإحصائية وذلك بهدف فحص العبارات الخاصة بالمقياس، وتكوين المجموعات التي تعكس تلك المفاهيم التي ينطوي المقياس على قياسها في المستهلكين الخضر، وكذلك إجراء اختبارات الثبات والصدق المتعلقة بالمقياس. وقد أظهرت نتائج التحليل احتواء المقياس لثلاثة مفاهيم أساسية للمستهلكين الخضر، كما أظهرت تمتع المقياس بدرجة عالية من الثبات والصدق. ويفيد هذا المقياس في تطبيق عدد من الإستراتيجيات التسويقية، وذلك في مجالات تقسيم السوق لقطاعات، وتحديد المركز الذهني للمنتجات الخضراء، والترويج لهذه المنتجات.
الفجوات المتوقعة في مراجعة الشركات في الأسواق النامية: دليل من المملكة العربية السعودية
Authors: التويجري عبدالرحمن علي
Published: November 2024

هذه الدراسة محاولة لدراسة الفجوات المتوقعة والبارزة في مراجعة الشركات في الدول النامية باستخدام المملكة العربية السعودية مثالاً، ثم عرض مقترحات لسدِّ تلك الفجوات، اعتماداً على أسلوب المقابلة مع 128 فرداً يمثلون خمس مجموعات مختلفة: أعضاء هيئة التدريس بالجامعات، مراجعين خارجيين، رؤساء أقسام المراجعة الداخلية في قطاع الأعمال، مديري الشركات أو نائبيهم، أشخاصاً يشغلون وظائف ذات أهمية خاصة للدراسة. وقد تم تحديد خمسة أنواع من الفجوات هي: 1) الفجوة بين ما يتوقع مديرو الشركات من المراجعين الخارجيين عند أداء مهمة المراجعة المستقلة، وبين مهمة المراجعة الخارجية الحقيقية، 2) الفجوة بين الكيفية التي يجب أن تقدر بها إدارة الشركة المراجعة الداخلية لديها، وبين التقدير الواقعي للمراجعة الداخلية بواسطة الإدارة، 3) الفجوة بين ما يتوقعه الذين تتم مراجعتهم (المراجعون) من المراجعين الداخليين عند أدائهم لمهنة المراجعة، وبين مهمتهم الحقيقية، 4) الفجوة بين متطلبات قطاع الأعمال في المراجعين الداخليين (العلمي والعملي) وما يمتلكه المراجعون الداخليون من كفاءة في الواقع، 5) الفجوة بين مجال المراجعة الداخلية كما حددته المعايير المهنية SPPIA، وبين ما يقوم به المراجعون الداخليون على أرض الواقع. إن بروز مثل تلك الفجوات ينتج عنه تأخر تطور مهنة مراجعة الشركات، كما يمكن أن يؤدي إلى إضعاف محكومية (إدارة) الشركات. ومن الطرق الممكن أن تساعد على تضييق تلك الفجوات: أ) تثقيف الأطراف ذات العلاقة بدور المراجعة الداخلية والخارجية وتعليمهم وكيف يمكن التعاون فيما بينهما، ب) تقوية أواصر التعاون فيما بين المراجعة الداخلية وبقية وحدات المنشأة (الأطراف المراجعة)، ج) تبني إستراتيجية جيدة للتأكد من تمتع مراجعي الشركة بالكفاءة المرجوة، د) تأسيس هيئة مهنية ذات فعالية لتطوير مهنة المراجعة الداخلية في المنطقة.
EFEKTIVITAS MEDIA SOSIAL SEBAGAI MEDIA SOSIAL SEBAGAI MEDIA PROMOSI BERAS PANDANWANGI CENTER
Authors: Malia Rosda , Kautsar Fahma Nurul
Published: November 2024

Social media is widely used by people because it is easy to use and does not require a lot of money. Promotion is one of the ways used to increase sales volume. Pandanwangi Center is one of the agencies that conducts promotions on social media. Promotion effectiveness is measured by the AIDA concept (Attention, Interest, Desire, Action). This study aims to: (1) identify the characteristics of social media as a promotional medium for Pandanwangi Center Rice, (2) analyze the effectiveness of social media as a promotional medium for Pandanwagi Center Rice. The research was conducted at Pandanwangi Center, Cianjur Regency, from January 2023 to July 2023. The analysis method used is qualitative descriptive analysis. Taking respondents with non-probability sampling with Purposive technique totaling 40 people. The results showed that: (1) social media characteristics: (a) Pandanwangi Center does not form a group, (b) The information conveyed by Pandanwangi Center is clear, (c) Pandanwangi's social media archive is considered clear, (d) the interaction carried out by Pandanwangi Center is considered good, (e) The content delivered is very effective, (2) respondents agree that social media is less effective as a promotional medium with details of each stage: (a) respondents agreed at the attention stage, (b) respondents agreed at the interest stage, (c) respondents (67.5%) agreed at the stage of having a desire, (d) respondents (57.56%) disagreed to make a purchase (action).