Action of nitroxide tempol in dyslipidemia of the knockout mice for LDL −/− gene receptor
Authors: Candido Igor , Santos Gérsika , Pupin Alessandra , Camara Eduardo , de Souza Pinto Antonio José Assis Xavier 
Published: November 2023

Introduction

Regulation of lipid metabolism with drugs or natural foods is an important target for therapeutic intervention in order to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease (Schaefer, 2002), for dyslipidemia are high risk factors in the context of cardiovascular disease, and appropriate interventions can have an impact on clinical treatment (KINGSBURY; BANDY, 2003). The treatment of dyslipidemia, with proven efficiency, is fundamental purpose of primary and secondary prevention of coronary artery disease (CAD) and cerebrovascular and peripheral artery disease may eventually aim to regression of xanthomas and reducing the risk of acute pancreatitis.

Objectives

To analyze the effect of nitroxide Tempol on dyslipidemia and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH) in dyslipidemic mice.

Material and methods

The experiments were conducted in mice homozygous for the absence of the LDL receptor gene (LDLr −/−) divided into 5 groups of 8 mice (n = 40). The groups were divided into ‐ Group 1‐ mice LDLr −/− they receive standard chow for 30 days (S), Group 2 ‐ LDLr −/− mice who receive fat diet with 20% total fat and 1.25% cholesterol 0.5% cholic acid for 30 days (HL), Group 3 ‐ LDLr −/− mice will receive standard feed and Tempol treatment for 30 days at a dose of 30 mg/kg body weight administered by gavage a once daily (S + CO), Group 4 ‐ LDLr −/− mice who receive fat diet with 20% total fat and 1.25% cholesterol, 0.5% cholic acid and Tempol treatment for 30 days at a dose 30 mg/kg body weight, administered by gavage, once daily (LH + CO). Group 5 mice LDLr −/− who receive fat diet with 20% total fat and 1.25% cholesterol, 0.5% cholic acid and treatment with simvastatin 20mg/kg body weight administered by gavage once daily (LH + Si). They carried the serum determinations of triglycerides, total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol by spectrophotometric methods.

Conclusion

In the case of serum determinations there was a discrepancy decrease in lipid profile with use of nitroxide Tempol. Furthermore, there was success in the stability of HDL levels.

Support or Funding Information

CNPqFAPEMIG

Averages (standard error) for the variable triglycerides of comparison groups.

Experimental Groups
Averages1

Hyperlipidemic feed and tempol (G4)
49,75 a (45,1)

Lipid feed and simvastatin (G5)
75,00 a (45,1)

Fat diet (G2)
193,50 b (45,1)

Standard feed and tempol (G3)
206,86 b (45,1)

Standard feed (G1)
286,37 c (45,1)

Averages followed by the same letter are considered statistically equal by Scott‐Knott test, the nominal 5% level of significance.

Averages (standard error) for the variable of cholesterol in comparison groups.

Experimental Groups
Averages1

Hyperlipidemic feed and tempol (G4)
140,67 a (42,7)

Fat diet (G2)
202,37 a (42,7)

Lipid feed and simvastatin (G5)
232,01 a (42,7)

Standard feed and tempol (G3)
272,41 b (42,7)

Standard feed (G1)
360,17 b (42,7)

Averages followed by the same letter are considered statistically equal by Scott‐Knott test, the nominal 5% level of significance.

Averages (standard error) for VLDL variable of comparison groups.

Experimental Groups
Averages1

Hyperlipidemic feed and tempol (G4)
9,95 a (11,3)

Fat diet (G2)
38,72 b (11,3)

Lipid feed and simvastatin (G5)
39,08 b (11,3)

Standard feed and tempol (G3)
50,73 b (11,3)

Standard feed (G1)
71,27 b (11,3)

Averages followed by the same letter are considered statistically equal by Scott‐Knott test, the nominal 5% level of significance.

Averages (standard error) for the variable of LDL in comparison groups.

Experimental Groups
Averages1

Hyperlipidemic feed and tempol (G4)
62,72 a (35,8)

Fat diet (G2)
107,74 a (35,8)

Lipid feed and simvastatin (G5)
150,11 a (35,8)

Standard feed and tempol (G3)
179,73 b (35,8)

Standard feed (G1)
254,44 b (35,8)

Averages followed by the same letter are considered statistically equal by Scott‐Knott test, the nominal 5% level of significance.

Averages (standard error) for the variable HDL of comparison groups

Experimental Groups
Averages1

Standard feed (G1)
33,5 a (6,5)

Lipid feed and simvastatin (G5)
42,87 a (6,5)

Hyperlipidemic feed and tempol (G4)
43,37 a (6,5)

Standard feed and tempol (G3)
48,14 a (6,5)

Fat diet (G2)
56,25 a (6,5)

Averages followed by the same letter are considered statistically equal by Scott‐Knott test, the nominal 5% level of significance.