bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Based on Proteomics Reveals the Anti-inflammatory Mechanism of Phillygenin by Inhibition NF-κB Pathway
Authors: Zhou Mengting , Tang Yunqiu , Liao Li , Liu Meichen , Deng Ying , Zhao Xingtao , Li Yunxia
Published: October 2020

Background: Inflammation is a common pathological phenomenon when homeostasis is seriously disturbed. Phillygenin (PHI) is a lignin component isolated from Forsythiae Fructus, which showed a good anti-inflammation effect. However, the mechanisms of PHI on anti-inflammation have not yet been systematically elucidated.Methods: In the study, the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cell inflammation model was established to investigate mechanisms of PHI on inflammation. The effect of PHI on LPS-induced IL-1β and PGE2 inflammatory factors was detected by ELISA, and the mRNA expression of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α was detected by RT-qPCR. Proteomics studies the signaling pathways that may be affected by PHI. Molecular docking technology was used to study the possible targets of PHI on NF-kB pathway. Western blot was performed to detect progressive changes in protein expression.Results: The research showed that PHI significantly inhibited the robust increase of IL-1β and PGE2, and lowered the transcriptional level of inflammatory genes including IL-6, IL-1β and PGE2 in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Proteomics results indicated that PHI was involved in the regulation of multiple signaling pathways. Molecular docking results indicated that PHI has an affinity for most proteins in NF-kB pathway. Western blot analysis showed that PHI inhibited LPS-induced NF-κB pathway activation. Conclusion: PHI inhibits the activation of NF-κB pathway, thereby inhibiting the expression of related inflammatory genes and the release of cytokines, thus showing remarkable anti-inflammatory effect.
Chromosome count improvement and digitalization of Neolamarckia cadamba
Authors: Eng Wee-Hiang , Ho Wei-Seng , Ling Kwong-Hung
Published: October 2020

Background: Chromosome count is the only direct way to determine the number of chromosome of a species. This study is often considered trivial that seldom described and discussed in detail. Therefore, it is evitable that chromosome count protocol should be revised and revisited before it becomes obliterated. Our chromosome counts in N. cadamba root tips have encountered challenges that prevent us from obtaining clear micrograph with the correct chromosome number. Several obstacles were determined through micrograph observation such as existing unwanted particles in cells, poor chromosome staining and chromosome crumping. Results: The chromosome counts of Neolamarckia cadamba under optimized procedure yielded 44 chromosomes per nucleus. To overcome these, root tip types, stain types, squashing methods were among factors assessed to obtain clear micrograph. We also apply digital technology in term of online database and graphic software that are open source and freely accessible to the public. Conclusions: Throughout the study, we used a few basic laboratory equipment and chemicals, thus making this study economical and applicable in a basic laboratory. The availability of online digital software and databases provide open-source platforms that will ease the efforts in chromosome count.
Does the Implementation of an Emergency Nursing Framework (HIRAID) Reduce patient Deterioration? A Multi-Centre Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Curtis Kate , Munroe Belinda , Fry Margaret , Considine Julie , Tuala Erin , Watts Michael , Alkhouri Hatem , Elphick Tiana , Ruperto Kate , Barrass Jacquie , Balzer Sharyn , Chisholm Bronwynne , Van Connie , Shaban Ramon Z
Published: October 2020

Background: Recognition and response of deteriorating patients is fundamental to safe, high quality healthcare. Failure to recognise and respond to deteriorating patients is associated with serious adverse events, both during and after emergency department care. This study aims to determine if the implementation of HIRAID (History, Identify Red flags, Assessment, Interventions, Diagnostics, communication and reassessment), an emergency nursing framework, improves patient safety.Methods: This quasi-experimental cohort study was conducted between November 2017 and February 2019 in two regional hospitals in [Anonymised], Australia. HIRAID was implemented using a multi-pronged behaviour change intervention. Data of 920 patients (374 pre-cohort and 546 post-cohort) who had an episode of deterioration within 72 hours of emergency department departure were collected. Statistical tests were conducted as two-sided, with a 95% confidence interval to determine pre/post cohort association. The StaRI checklist was used in reporting this study.Results: Patients in the post group were older with more comorbidities, but experienced fewer episodes of clinical deterioration associated with care delivered in the emergency department (27% to 13%). There was a reduction in treatment delays [pre n=28 (28.3%) versus post n=11 (15.1%), p=0.041, 95% CI (1.1%–25.3%)], and delay or failure to escalate care when abnormal vital signs were identified [pre n=20 (20.2%) versus post n=5 (6.9%), p=0.014, 95% CI (3.5%–23.1%)]. The proportion of isolated nursing-related causal factors decreased from 20 (21%) to 6 (8%). Conclusions: HIRAID is a standardised emergency nursing framework which provides a structured, evidence-based approach to emergency nursing assessment that could be adapted for a variety of clinical settings. Implementing HIRAID using the principles of behavior change is associated with a reduction in clinical deterioration related to emergency care.
Network Pharmacology Based Prediction of Active Ingredients and Targets of Chinese Herb She Xiang in Treating Facial Paralysis 
Authors: Li Xiaoyan , Zhao Chuang , Wang Jiamiao , Shen Lan , Liu Zhidan
Published: October 2020

The traditional Chinese herb, She Xiang, has been found to accelerate the recovery of facial paralysis including Bell’s palsy by acupoint application in China. However, the underlining mechanism was not well known which has become an obstacle on the way to further development. In this study, we attempted to explore the pharmacology mechanism of She Xiang on facial paralysis treatment preliminarily by bioinformatics analysis. As a result, 59 active ingredients were identified in She Xiang by Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Database, such as 17-Beta-Estradiol, testosterone, and 2,6-Decamethylene Pyridine. Totally 837 genes were identified to be differently expressed in the blood sample of facial paralysis patients by RNA sequencing. Finally, 33 overlapped proteins were obtained overlapped with the prediction of comparative toxicogenomics database (CTD) and BATMAN. Proteins of interest were closely related with 406 GO BP and 4 pathways. The hub protein in PPI network contained FOS, JUN, POMC, and GPER1. Pharmacology network was constructed with 15 active components of She Xiang, 33 protein targets and 4 pathways. The docking model of Androst-4-Ene-3, 17-Dione (ASD) and FUS-JUN complexes (1FOS) was predicted and constructed. In conclusion, this work indicated testosterone as the effective component of She Xiang may advance the recovery of facial paralysis by targeting FUN, MAPK and cAMP signaling pathway; docking of ASD and 1FOS might play a critical role in facial paralysis treatment by She Xiang. Further work will be carried out in human or experimental animals to test and verify the predicted results.
The Relationship Between Hedgehog-interacting Protein Levels and Obesity: A Case Control Study
Authors: Chou Hsuan-Wen , Hung Hao-Chang , Lin An-Chi , Lin Ching-Han , Du Ye-Fong , Cheng Kai-Pi , Li Chung-Hao , Chang Chih-Jen , Wu Hung-Tsung , Ou Horng-Yih
Published: October 2020

Background Obesity is an independent risk factor for metabolic disorders including diabetes. The Hedgehog-interacting protein (Hhip) is a negative regulator in tissue remodeling, and inhibits the proliferation of adipocytes and promotes their differentiation. In addition, Hhip was positively associated with diabetes. However, relationship between Hhip and obesity in the human body remain unclear. Methods Participants receiving a physical checkup were recruited. Anthropometric and biochemical data were collected. Serum Hhip levels were determined by ELISA. Subjects were classified into normal-weight, overweight, and obese groups based on their body mass index (BMI). The association between Hhip and obesity was examined by a multivariate linear regression analysis.Results In total, 294 subjects who were either of a normal weight (n=166), overweight (n=90), or obese (n=38) were enrolled. Hhip concentrations were 6.51±4.86, 5.79±4.33, and 3.97±3.4 ng/ml in normal-weight, overweight, and obese groups, respectively (p for trend=0.032). Moreover, the regression analysis showed that BMI (β=-0.144, 95% confidence interval (CI)=-0.397~-0.046, p=0.013) was negatively associated with Hhip concentrations after adjusting for sex and age. Being overweight (β=-0.181, 95% CI=-3.311~-0.400, p=0.013) and obese (β=-0.311, 95% CI=-6.393~-2.384, p<0.001) were independently associated with Hhip concentrations after adjusting for sex, age, fasting plasma glucose, the insulin level, and other cardiometabolic risk factors.Conclusions Our results showed that overweight and obese subjects had lower Hhip concentrations than those of a normal weight. Being overweight and obese were negatively associated with Hhip concentrations. Hhip might be a link between obesity and diabetes.
Correlation of the Thyroid Nodules' Sonographic Features With Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA) Cytology Results
Authors: Ghanaati Hossein , Arefzadeh Alireza , Hosseinpour Hamidreza , Avanaki Mahsa Alborzi , Abrishami Alireza
Published: October 2020

Background: Thyroid nodules are a common finding in clinical practice. Although ultrasonography is an accepted method for evaluating and following these nodules, Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA) is the procedure of choice for assessing the risk of malignancy. This study aims to determine the correlation between sonographic features of thyroid nodules based on Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TIRADS) classification and the cytology results obtained by FNA of thyroid nodules.Methods: In this prospective cohort study, 147 patients with thyroid nodules underwent FNA under the guide of ultrasonography based on TIRADS classification, and their sonographic features were recorded. The pathologic findings were also obtained according to the Bethesda system. Finally, the association between sonographic features and cytology results were analyzed.Results: 147 patients with a mean ± SD age of 49.8 ± 13.7 years were assessed. 16 (10.9%) nodules were malignant, and 131 nodules (89.1%) were benign. The association of TIRADS categories with the risk of malignancy is as follows: TIRADS 1 (0%), TIRADS 2 (16.9%), TIRADS 3 (10.5%), TIRADS 4 (16.7%), and TIRADS 5 (0%). The location of thyroid nodules and their bloody lamellae were significantly correlated with the risk of malignancy (P value< 0.05). However, the association between the risk of and gender, calcification, hardness, halo sign and nodules’ echogenicity were not statistically significant. Conclusions: Although there are trusted classifications for categorizing the thyroid nodules, there is still uncertainty in utilizing them as an accepted method of choice for managing the thyroid nodules, as various sonographic features are shared between benign and malignant ones.
The Analysis of Tumor Microenvironment of Prostate Cancer Identifies Prognostic Signatures
Authors: Lu Guoliang , Wang Xiaojing , Huang Baoxing , Zhao Yang , Shao Yuan , Wang Dawei
Published: October 2020

Background: Tumor microenvironment (TME) is an essential part of tumor tissue, and increasing references suggested that TME has clinicopathological significance in predicting prognosis and therapeutic efficacy. However, little efficacy has been demonstrated in prostate cancer.Methods: The cohort TCGA-PRAD (n=477) was used in this study. Based on the proportion of 22 types of immune cells calculated by CIBERSORT, TME was classified by K-means Clustering and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were determined. Then TMEscore was calculated based on cluster signature genes, which were obtained from DEGs by random forest method, and the samples were classified to two subtypes. We performed somatic mutation and copy number variation analysis to identify the genetic characteristics of the two subtypes. Correlation analysis was performed to explore the correlation between TMEscore and the tumor response to ICIs as well as the prognosis of PCa. Results: Based on the proportion of immune cells, we constructed the TMEscore model and classified PCa samples into TMEscore high and TMEscore low groups. The results of survival analysis suggested that the TMEscore high group had significantly better survival outcome than the TMEscore low group. The correlation analysis showed a significantly positive correlation between TMEscore and the known prognostic factors of tumors.Conclusion: our study indicates that the TMEscore may be a potential prognostic biomarker in PCa. A comprehensive description of the characteristics of TME may help to explain the response to therapies for PCa patients and provide the new strategies for treatment.
Tumor Mutation Burden May be a Prognostic Biomarker of Long-Term Survival in Resected Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Qin Jing , Pan Qiuyue , Wang Lei , Li Chenghui , Lu Hongyang
Published: October 2020

BackgroundSmall cell lung cancer (SCLC) has a poor prognosis. The majority of SCLC patients do not survive within a few months of diagnosis, however, a sub-group of patients have a long-term survival. Individual differences in prognosis remain elusive. We present the first comprehensive comparative genomic profiling and tumor mutation burden (TMB) analyses of SCLC on patients with long-term survival (LTS) and short-term survival (STS) after surgery.MethodsThe present study included 52 patients with SCLC who underwent surgery in Zhejiang Cancer Hospital from April 2008 to December 2017. A total of 6 LTS patients (≥4 years) with stage IIB or IIIA SCLC and 5 STS patients (<2 years) with stage IA or IB SCLC were included. The latter subjects were used as control subjects. All subjects underwent resection without neoadjuvant therapy. We assessed their genomic profile and calculated TMB using next-generation sequencing (NGS). Moreover, we assessed the correlation between TMB and prognosis. Subsequently, we analyzed and compared the molecular characteristics of LTS and STS.ResultsThe data indicated that the LTS harbored high TMB. The median TMB for LTS was approximately 16.4 Mutations/Mb, while STS harbored low TMB which was approximately 8.5 Mutations/Mb. A differential trend on the median TMB was revealed between LTS and STS (p = 0.08). Moreover, we discovered that TMB exhibited significant effects on the survival of the patients (p=0.007). In the LTS group, the median number was 10 (range: 6-13) in mutated genes per sample and the samples harbored collectively 60 gene mutations in the following 28 genes: TP53 (n=6), RB1 (n=4), FAT3 (n=4), KMT2D (n=3), NOTCH1 (n=3), FAM135B (n=3), LRP1B (n=3), CDKN2C (n=3), H3F3A (n=3) . In the mutated genes per sample of STS, the median number was 7 (range: 3-8) and 30 mutations were found in the 17 genes as followed: TP53 (n=5), RB1 (n=4), KMT2D (n=2), NOTCH1 (n=2), FAT4 (n=2), MUC16 (n=2), PTEN (n=2), FAM135B (n=1), LRP1B (n=1), KMT2C (n=1). Gene alteration represented the survival difference between the two groups. The FAT3 gene was only noted in LTS and the P-value was 0.06 as determined by the Fisher’s exact test. Interestingly, the FAT3 gene could impact the patients’ survival (p=0.11) though no significant difference were noted.ConclusionsHigh nonsynonymous TMB was associated with improved prognosis on patients with resected SCLC. The FAT3 gene may impact disease prognosis. The data may provide valuable information of differences between individuals in terms of prognosis and guide treatment. Studies involving larger groups are required to confirm these findings.
Change of disease distribution in pediatric neurology inpatients during the COVID-19 outbreak in southwest China
Authors: Wang Xueping , Hu Wenguang , Chen Jialei , Liu Ling
Published: October 2020

This study aimed to investigate the change of disease distribution in pediatric neurology inpatients during the COVID-19 outbreak in southwest China. We retrospectively extracted the demographic data and diagnosis of discharged patients registered at pediatric neurology department of Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital from January 1 to July 31, 2019 and January 1 to July 31, 2020. Total number of inpatients decreased during COVID-19 outbreak. Children diagnosed as febrile seizure caused by infection (1799/60.7% vs 980/59%, P = 0.141), dyskinesia (31/1.0% vs 28/1.7%, P = 0.075) and benign intracranial hypertension (41/1.4% vs 21/1.3%, P = 0.791) did not change. While children diagnosed as epilepsy (304/10.3% vs 348/21%, P < 0.001), migraine (25/0.8% vs 31/1.9%, P = 0.003), mental disease (24/0.8% vs 43/2.6%, P < 0.001) and peripheral neuropathy (38/1.3% vs 43/2.6%, P = 0.001) increased in 2020. Children diagnosed as intracranial infection (535/18% vs113/6.8%, P < 0.001) and myopathy (106/3.6% in vs 22/2.0%, P = 0.003) reduced in 2020. Conclusions: We found a significant increase in the proportion of mood-related diseases, while disease caused by infection decreased. We should pay attention to children’s mental state during the public health epidemic and the management of chronic disease.
Atmospheric pressure and population density as super-factors influencing the transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Authors: Yan Wei , Nawaz Muhammad Zohaib , Xu Wenqian , Jiang Zheng , Sun Weixiang , Lai Jiayue , Shao Yinghui , Zhang Wei , Zhang Rui
Published: October 2020

The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the etiologic agent of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), recently emerged and led to a global pandemic with enormous consequent losses to global health and economies. To date, more than 30 million cases have been reported globally and have affected almost every with varying degrees. Meteorological and non-meteorological factors such as temperature, relative humidity, atmospheric pressure, population density, and latitude, are considered critical in virus transmission. To explore the correlation of environmental factors with the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 based on parameters including infection rate, effective reproduction number, and compound growth rate, we analyzed data of confirmed cases from 487 counties in the United States. We found a small impact of temperature and humidity on virus transmission, but observed a considerable positive influence of atmospheric pressure and population density on virus transmission. Geographic areas and seasons (autumn and winter), with exposure to higher atmospheric pressure, are more likely at higher risk of an outbreak. Social distancing and other measures could be effective strategies to combat COVID-19 outbreaks in densely populated areas. Additional studies are needed to explore the mechanisms underlying the relationship between meteorological parameters and transmission of SARS-CoV-2.
Rooting Response of Seven Passion Fruit Species to Basal Application of Auxin
Authors: Ryals Jenny B. , Knight Patricia R. , Stafne Eric T.
Published: October 2020

Production of passion fruit (Passiflora sp.) via cuttings is a way to eliminate genetic variation in the crop and also results in a faster establishment time. This could aid producers in increasing production efficiency while maintaining genetic lines. The objective of this research was to evaluate ease of rooting and determine the optimal auxin source for seven species of passion fruit. Semihardwood two-node cuttings were taken from the middle of the parent vine, and auxin treatments were applied to the basal end of the cutting. The cuttings were then stuck to a depth of 1 inch on 20 Aug. 2019. Treatments included three auxin sources and seven passion fruit species. Treatments were set up as a randomized complete block design blocking on species, with 10 single-plant replications per treatment. Data were collected 30 d after sticking cuttings and included percent rooted, total root number, average root length (of the three longest roots, measured in centimeters), root quality (0–5 scale, with 0 = dead and 5 = healthy, vigorous root system), root dry weight (measured in grams), and percent callus. Results showed that passion fruit cuttings receiving a hormone treatment had significantly positive effects on rooting responses, such as increased number, length, quality, and dry weight of roots. Blue passionflower (P. caerulea) was the only species in which hormone treatment did not increase rooting compared with the control. The use of hormone to aid in cutting propagation of passion fruit is recommended, depending on the species being propagated.
Measurement Invariance Testing with Alignment Method: Many Groups Comparison
Authors: SIRGANCI Gözde , UYUMAZ Gizem , YANDI Alperen
Published: October 2020

It is necessary to examine the measurement invariance (MI) among groups in studies where different groups are compared by using a measurement instrument. Most of the studies, measurement invariance is tested with multiple group conﬁrmatory factor analysis. This model applies many model adjustments based on the modiﬁcation indexes. Therefore, it is not practical due to too many large modiﬁcation indexes while testing MI over many groups. Besides scalar model is a poor model fit when comparing many groups and so does not hold MI. In this study, the aim is to explain the basic concepts and processes of the alignment method which is offered as a new method for testing MI and illustrate an application on the real data set. In this study, measurement invariance among 56 countries including Turkey is tested with alignment method in order to set an example for researchers. For this purpose, the Instrumental Motivation Scale data, which is one of the psychological measurement instruments used in PISA 2015, was used. As a result of MG-CFA, it was found that configural invariance was ensured. The fit indexes of CFI and TLI were calculated as 0.982 and 0.946 respectively in this stage. After that, metric invariance was tested by considering the difference of fit indices obtained for the two stages. It was found that the metric invariance could not be provided. Alignment results show which countries hold MI and which do not. Besides it provides information which items have the most invariants for groups that hold MI.
Amor, sexo e distância física
Authors: Felix da Silva Jeane , Oliveira da Silva Junior Alcidesio , Souza Couto Edvaldo
Published: October 2020

A pandemia da Covid-19 colocou milhares de pessoas em isolamento físico como principal estratégia para conter a contaminação e disseminação do vírus. Essa condição provocou mudanças nos modos de procurar e viver relações amorosas e sexuais, privilegiando os encontros virtuais em sites e aplicativos de paquera. Nesse contexto, o objetivo do artigo é analisar performances de amor e sexo de um grupo formado por homens gays usuários do Tinder, com a finalidade de identificar pedagogias sexuais resultantes do webnamoro. O argumento central é que as performances de amor e sexo desenvolvidas por esse grupo promovem pedagogias sexuais que nos orientam a festejar a vida, cuidar do corpo, explorar outras possibilidades para a paquera e a sexualidade online. O método usado para a pesquisa foi o qualitativo, de cunho descritivo e analítico. Com a pesquisa, concluímos que o webnamoro, em tempo de pandemia, reativa certos ideais do amor romântico como estratégias dos sujeitos para manterem a saúde física e mental.
Sociedade do Cansaço
Authors: Veríssimo de melo Máximo Luiz
Published: October 2020

Nesta obra, intitulada de “Sociedade do cansaço”, Han procura descrever como que a sociedade moderna (ocidental) está se tornando uma sociedade cansada. Na obra, o autor também fala como que esse cansaço se apresenta, se caracteriza e explica o seu porquê.
The Undiscovered Potential of Essential Oils for Treating SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)
Authors: Wilkin Peter J. , Al-Yozbaki Minnatallah , George Alex , Gupta Girish K. , Wilson Cornelia M.
Published: October 2020

On 11th March 2020, the World Health Organisation (WHO) announced a pandemic caused by a
novel beta-coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, designated COVID-19. The virus emerged in December 2019 in Wuhan,
China, has spread across the world as a global pandemic. The traditional use of medicines from plants can be
traced back to 60,000 years. Global interest in the development of drugs from natural products has increased
greatly during the last few decades. Essential oils (EOs) have been studied through the centuries and are known
to possess various pharmaceutical properties. In the present review, we have highlighted the current biology,
epidemiology, various clinical aspects, different diagnostic techniques, clinical symptoms, and management of
COVID-19. An overview of the antiviral action of EOs, along with their proposed mechanism of action and in
silico studies conducted, is described. The reported studies of EOs' antiviral activity highlight the baseline data
about the additive and/or synergistic effects among primary or secondary phytoconstituents found in individual
oils, combinations or blends of oils and between EOs and antiviral drugs. It is hoped that further research will
provide better insights into EOs' potential to limit viral infection and aid in providing solutions through natural,
therapeutically active agents.
JAK2-mediated Intracellular Signaling
Authors: Sopjani Mentor , Morina Rifat , Uka Valdet , Xuan Nguyen Thi , Dërmaku-Sopjani Miribane
Published: October 2020

Janus kinase-2 (JAK2) is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase that serves key roles
as the intracellular signaling effector of the cytokine receptor, such as mediating effects
of leptin, erythropoietin, interferon, and growth hormone. A lot of molecular underlying
mechanisms of JAK2 participation are known, however, additional signaling
mechanisms of its activation, regulation, and pleiotropic signaling roles are still being
explored. Here, we review the current knowledge of JAK2-mediated cellular signaling at
the molecular level. In the beginning, we will focus on the recent advances in JAK2
activation and regulation. A part of our review focuses on the JAK2 involvement in
various diseases/conditions. Recent advances highlight the molecular regulatory
mechanisms utilized by the JAK2 signaling, thus, enabling to consider alternative
therapeutic strategies to treat various diseases/conditions mediated by JAK2 by using it
as a therapeutic target.
Gestational Exposure to Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors and Pregnancy Outcome; Exploring the Role of Bias and Confounders
Authors: Koren Gideon , Ornoy Asher
Published: October 2020

:

There is no other example in human teratology where, after more than 40 epidemiological
studies, repeated meta-analyses and thousands of pregnancies, the fetal safety or risk of an
agent has not been verified and settled.

:

The objectives of the present review were to identify and discuss sources of bias that may lead clinicians
and scientists to believe that SRIs cause malformation or other adverse outcomes, where, in
fact, they may not.

:

The present study highlights sources of bias that may explain why children exposed in utero to SRI
exhibit higher rates of congenital malformations, mostly cardiovascular and other complications. It
appears that pregnant women treated for depression and anxiety are distinctively different from
healthy women in numerous covariates, which may confound pregnancy outcomes. Acknowledging
and adjusting for these sources of bias are critical before one selects to withhold therapy for
moderate or severe cases of depression and anxiety in pregnancy.
The Effectiveness of N-acetylcysteine in Alleviating Kidney Dysfunction in Ifosfamide-treated Rats
Authors: Dobrek Lukasz , Nalik-Iwaniak Klaudia , Arent Zbigniew
Published: October 2020

Background:

Renal damage and dysfunction are possible complications of pharmacotherapy with ifosfamide (IF), which also manifests urotoxic properties. A routine drug used to reduce the risk of IF-induced cystitis is mesna. Compounds with effect expected to be similar to mesna include N-acetylcysteine (NAC).

Objective:

The objective of the paper was histopathological verification of the uroprotective effect of NAC and assessment of whether this effect is accompanied by a potential nephroprotective effect.

Methods:

The experiment was conducted on 3 groups: 1 – control, sham-treated rats, 2 – animals treated with 5 times the IF dose administered i.p. (50 mg/kg b.w.) and 3 – rats treated with 5 times the IF dose administered i.p. + NAC administered p.o. (200 mg/kg b.w.). The renal function was evaluated analysing classical and new protein parameters (cystatin C - CysC, kidney injury molecule-1 – KIM-1 and nephrin - NPH) in blood and urine. Furthermore, histopathological analysis of bladders and kidneys was carried out.

Results:

Treatment with IF resulted in the development of cystitis, with no significant histopathological disturbances in the kidneys, and caused an increase in concentration and 24-hour excretion of CysC, KIM-1 NPH in the urine. Additional NAC administration caused a reduction of the said biochemical disturbances as well as improvement of the histopathological image of the urinary bladders.

Conclusion:

The IF therapy caused cystitis and kidney dysfunction of functional tubulopathy and early glomerulopathy character. Additional administration of NAC entailed improvement in the urinary bladder morphology and renal function. NAC is, thus, a compound exerting both uro- and nephroprotective effects.
Pengaruh Brand Equity Terhadap Minat Pemanfaatan Kembali Pelayanan Pada Instalasi Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit Ibnu Sina Makassar
Authors: . Sumarni
Published: October 2020

Ekuitas merek adalah keinginan dari seseorang untuk melanjutkan menggunakan suatu brand atau tidak. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh Ekuitas Merek terhadap minat pemanfaatan kembali pelayanan pada Instalasi Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit Ibnu Sina Makassar. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan rancangan cross sectional study. Populasi penelitian sebanyak 4390 orang dan sampel sebanyak 151 orang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan chi square dan uji regresi logistic pada p=0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa tidak ada pengaruh variabel kesadaran merek terhadap minat pemanfaatan kembali pelayanan pada Instalasi Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit Ibnu Sina (p=0,319). Ada pengaruh positif variabel asosiasi merek terhadap minat pemanfaatan kembali pelayanan pada Instalasi Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit Ibnu Sina (p=0,022).Ada pengaruh positif variabel persepsi kualitas terhadap minat pemanfaatan kembali pelayanan pada Instalasi Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit Ibnu Sina (p=0,002). Ada pengaruh positif variabel kesetian merek terhadap minat pemanfaatan kembali pelayanan pada Instalasi Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit Ibnu Sina (p=0,022). Ada pengaruh positif variabel aset merek lain terhadap minat pemenfaatan kembali pelayanan pada Instalasi Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit Ibnu Sina (p=0,001). Variabel kesetian merek merupakan faktor yang paling berpengaruh positif terhadap minat pemanfaatan kembali pelayanan pada Instalasi Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit Ibnu Sina ρ=0,993 dan wald = 5,997. Secara keseluruhan semua model variable dapat mempengaruhi minat pemanfaatan kembali Instalasi Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit Ibnu Sina sebesar 93,4%.

Kata kunci: Ekuitas merek, Minat pemanfaatan kembali
eHealth and mHealth Psychosocial Interventions for Youths With Chronic Illnesses: Systematic Review
Authors: Lau Nancy , Waldbaum Shayna , Parigoris Ryan , O'Daffer Alison , Walsh Casey , Colt Susannah F , Yi-Frazier Joyce P , Palermo Tonya M , McCauley Elizabeth , Rosenberg Abby R
Published: October 2020

Background

An estimated 12.8% of children and adolescents experience chronic health conditions that lead to poor quality of life, adjustment and coping issues, and concurrent mental health problems. Digital health deployment of psychosocial interventions to support youth with chronic illness has become increasingly popular with the advent of the technological advances in the digital age.

Objective

Our objectives were to systematically review published efficacy studies of eHealth and mHealth (mobile health) psychosocial interventions for youths with chronic illnesses and review intervention theory and treatment components.

Methods

PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, PsycInfo, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched for studies published from 2008 to 2019 of eHealth and mHealth psychosocial interventions designed for children and adolescents with chronic illnesses in which efficacy outcomes were reported. We excluded studies of interventions for caregivers, healthy youth, disease and medication management, and telehealth interventions that function solely as a platform to connect patients to providers via phone, text, or videoconference.

Results

We screened 2551 articles and 133 relevant full-text articles. Sixteen efficacy studies with psychosocial and health outcomes representing 12 unique interventions met the inclusion criteria. Of the included studies, 12 were randomized controlled trials and 4 were prospective cohort studies with no comparison group. Most interventions were based in cognitive behavioral theory and designed as eHealth interventions; only 2 were designed as mHealth interventions. All but 2 interventions provided access to support staff via text, phone, email, or discussion forums. The significant heterogeneity in intervention content, intervention structure, medical diagnoses, and outcomes precluded meta-analysis. For example, measurement time points ranged from immediately postcompletion of the mHealth program to 18 months later, and we identified 39 unique outcomes of interest. The majority of included studies (11/16, 69%) reported significant changes in measured health and/or psychosocial posttreatment outcomes, with small to large effect sizes.

Conclusions

Although the available literature on the efficacy of eHealth and mHealth psychosocial interventions for youth with chronic illnesses is limited, preliminary research suggests some evidence of positive treatment responses. Future studies should continue to evaluate whether digital health platforms may be a viable alternative model of delivery to traditional face-to-face approaches.
Which electronic health record system should we use? - a systematic review (Preprint)
Authors: Patel Vanash , Garas George , Hollingshead James , Cheetham Drostan , Athanasiou Thanos , Patel Vanash
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND

Electronic health records are digital records of a patient’s health and care. At present in the UK, patients may have several paper and electronic records stored in various settings. The UK government, via NHS England, intends to introduce a comprehensive
system of electronic health records in England by 2020. These electronic records will run across primary, secondary and social care linking all data in a single digital platform.

OBJECTIVE

This is the first systematic review to look at all published data on EHRs to determine which systems are advantageous.

METHODS

Design: A systematic review was performed by searching EMBASE and Ovid MEDLINE between 1974 and November 2019.

Participants: All original studies that appraised EHR systems were included.

Main outcome measures: EHR system comparison, implementation, user satisfaction, efficiency and performance, documentation, and research and development.

RESULTS

The search strategy identified 701 studies, which were filtered down to 46 relevant studies. Level of evidence ranged from 1 to 4 according to the Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine. The majority of the studies were performed in the USA (n = 44). N=6 studies compared more than one EHR, and Epic followed by Cerner were the most favourable through direct comparison. N=17 studies evaluated implementation which highlighted that it was challenging, and productivity dipped in the early phase. N=5 studies reflected on user satisfaction, with women demonstrating higher satisfaction than men. Efficiency and performance issues were the driving force behind user dissatisfaction. N=26 studies addressed efficiency and performance, which improved with long-term use and familiarity. N=18 studies considered documentation and showed that EHRs had a positive impact with basic and speciality tasks. N=29 studies assessed research and development which revealed vast capabilities and positive implications.

CONCLUSIONS

Epic is the most studied EHR system and the most commonly used vendor on the market. There is limited comparative data between EHR vendors, so it is difficult to assess which is the most advantageous system.
Effectiveness of Virtual Reality Interventions for Adolescent Patients in Hospital Settings: Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Ridout Brad , Kelson Joshua , Campbell Andrew , Steinbeck Kate
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND

Given the high level of interest and increasing familiarity with virtual reality among adolescents, there is great potential to use virtual reality to address adolescents’ unique health care delivery needs while in hospital. While there have been reviews on the use of virtual reality for specific health conditions and procedures, none to date have reviewed the full scope of virtual reality hospital interventions for adolescents who are often combined with children as a homogenous group, despite the fact that adolescents experience virtual environments different from children.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this review was to systematically identify available evidence regarding the use of virtual reality interventions for adolescent patients in hospital settings to evaluate effectiveness, suitability, and safety and identify opportunities for future research.

METHODS

PubMed, PsycINFO, Medline, and Scopus databases were searched using keywords and phrases. Retrieved abstracts (n=1525) were double screened, yielding 276 articles for full-text screening. Of these, 8 articles met inclusion criteria. Data were extracted to a standardized coding sheet, and a narrative synthesis was performed due to the heterogeneity of the studies.

RESULTS

Four RCTs and 4 single-case reports were identified for inclusion, all of which aimed to reduce pain or anxiety. The scenarios targeted were burn pain, venipuncture, chemotherapy, preoperative anxiety, and palliative care. Three out of 4 RCTs found significant reductions in pain or anxiety outcomes measures when using virtual reality compared to standard care or other distraction techniques; however, only 1 study combined self-reported experiences of pain or anxiety with any physiological measures. Single-case reports relied primarily upon qualitative feedback, with patients reporting reduced pain or anxiety and a preference for virtual reality to no virtual reality.

CONCLUSIONS

Virtual reality can provide a safe and engaging way to reduce pain and anxiety in adolescents while in hospital, particularly when virtual reality software is highly immersive and specifically designed for therapeutic purposes. As VR becomes more accessible and affordable for use in hospitals, larger and more diverse studies that capitalize on adolescents’ interest in and aptitude for virtual reality, and on the full range of capabilities of this emerging technology, are needed to build on these promising results.

CLINICALTRIAL

PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42020198760; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020198760
Middle-aged and Elderly Users’ Sustainable Usage Intention of Health Maintenance-oriented WeChat Official Accounts: Empirical Study Based on a Hybrid Model in China (Preprint)
Authors: Xu Lin , Huang Cheng , Li Pengfei , Tang Tingting
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND

Health maintenance-oriented WeChat official accounts, an important channel for obtaining health information, have attracted considerable attention from the social science community. However, studies on middle-aged and elderly users'sustainable usage intention of health maintenance-oriented WeChat official accounts are lacking. Increasing the sustainable usage intention of such accounts can strengthen public health education.

OBJECTIVE

Develop a theoretical model and explore influence factors of middle-aged and elderly users’ sustainable usage intention of health maintenance-oriented WeChat official accounts.

METHODS

A hybrid theoretical model was established on the basis of unified theory of acceptance and use of technology 2, health belief model, protection motivation theory, and health literacy. IBM SPSS version 24.0 was used to description statistic. IBM SPSS AMOS version 21.0 was used to construct and verify the research model. Three hundred ninety-six valid responses were collected by means of online and offline surveys.

RESULTS

Performance expectancy (ß=0.383, p<0.001), hedonic motivation (ß=0.502, p<0.001), social influence (ß=0.134, p=0.049), and threat appraisal (ß=0.136, p<0.001) positively influence the sustainable usage intention. Perceived health threat (ß=-0.065, p=0.053) don't has an significant effect on middle-aged and elderly users’ sustainable usage intention of official health maintenance-oriented WeChat accounts. Both threat appraisal (ß=0.579, p<0.001) and health literacy (ß=0.579, p<0.001) positively affect performance expectancy. Threat appraisal indirectly affects sustainable usage intention through performance expectancy mediation.

CONCLUSIONS

This study focused on middle-aged and elderly users and explored determinants of their sustainable usage intention of official health maintenance-oriented WeChat accounts. Performance expectancy, threat appraisal, social influence, and hedonic motivation are positive determinants. In addition, performance expectancy plays a mediation role between threat appraisal and continued use intention.
When Students’ and Teachers’ Views on Good Mathematics Teaching Limit Co-teaching in Mathematics
Authors: Palmér Hanna
Published: October 2020

The empirical material in this paper is from a Swedish upper secondary school where the mathematics lessons over the last two years have been co-taught. Co-teaching implies that two teachers are most often present in the classrooms during the mathematics lessons. Despite this additional support, students’ performance in mathematics remained low and this is why a professional development program was initiated. The aim of the professional development program was to find new ways to increase the number of approved students. At the start of this professional development program, classroom observations and a questionnaire were conducted with teachers and students. The results indicate that teachers’ and students’ views on good mathematics teaching became a limitation for the design of the co-taught lessons. Thus, to increase the number of approved students, teachers’ and students’ views on good mathematics teaching ought to be the focus of the professional development program.
СЕТИ FTTH В ЧАСТНОМ СЕКТОРЕ БЕЗ ПУЧКОВ, МОТКОВ, ПАУТИНЫ
Authors: Гаскевич Е.
Published: October 2020

Рассмотрены технологии строительства сетей FTTH (оптическое волокно до дома) в частном секторе. Обосновывается целесообразность подвеса оптических кабелей на опорах в виде жгутов.
УМНАЯ ПЛАНЕТА: КАК ИНТЕРНЕТ ВЕЩЕЙ ДЕЛАЕТ МИР БЕЗОПАСНЫМ
Authors: Ермолаев И. , Луппов Е. , Портной С.
Published: October 2020

Усовершенствование современной комфортной городской среды невозможно без Интернета вещей.
ТЕЛЕКОММУНИКАЦИИ В УСЛОВИЯХ КРИЗИСА COVID-19
Authors: Ластович Б.
Published: October 2020

Обсуждаются итоги совещания по вопросам развития информационно-коммуникационных технологий и связи, проведенное Президентом России Владимиром Путиным 10 июня 2020 года, которые имеют большое значение для отрасли связи. Выражается надежда, что результатом их проработки станут решения, эффективные для развития цифровой инфраструктуры страны и успешного послекризисного восстановления.
РАЗВИТИЕ МЫСЛИТЕЛЬНЫХ ПРОЦЕССОВ ОБУЧАЮЩИХСЯ С УЧЕТОМ ДОМИНИРУЮЩИХ ФОРМ ВОСПРИЯТИЯ
Authors: Багрецов С. , Митрофанов М. , Лаута О. , Пузынин Р.
Published: October 2020

В статье рассматривается задача выбора рациональных форм и методов проведения занятий в вузе с учетом доминирующих форм репрезентативных систем обучающихся и их статусных потенциалов в группе. В основу реализуемой методики положен метод анализа иерархий в предположении о нечеткости выраженности и диагностики репрезентативных систем обучающихся. Также рассмотрен ряд основных дидактических правил действий руководителя по методическому совершенствованию проведения занятий.
¿Migración o exilio cubano en Estados Unidos? Notas para un debate
Authors: Hernández Martínez Jorge
Published: October 2020

En la literatura académica especializada se ha tratado con reiteración el tema de la migración cubana y del exilio que se conforma en Estados unidos, luego del triunfo de la Revolución en la Isla, en 1959. En ocasiones, se habla de ambos fenómenos indistintamente, como si se tratase de lo mismo, y se asume al exilio en la actualidad en términos similares a los que le definieron en su etapa inicial. El artículo analiza el proceso migratorio cuya resultante conduce al surgimiento de dicho exilio, toma en consideración los diferentes factores y condiciones que influyen en ese proceso y que explican su evolución hasta el presente. Se distingue entre la migración (como desplazamiento demográfico o traslado de personas y las comunidades que se establecen en Estados Unidos), y el exilio (como fenómeno esencialmente político). Como premisa, se considera que la dinámica migratoria cubana conducente al surgimiento del llamado exilio histórico no puede separarse de su desenvolvimiento real a través del tiempo, ni en su comprensión analítica, del conflicto, ya prolongado por sesenta años, entre Cuba y Estados Unidos.
Reflection on Clinical Decision Science: Clinical Decision Science requires doctors to examine their own inner world
Authors: Lau Janice C.
Published: October 2020

The author reflects on the importance of preparation for difficult conversations with patients and their families after finding herself unprepared to compassionately communicate a clinical decision for a pediatric patient.
Subcutaneous immunoglobulin proves to be an effective alternative to intravenous immunoglobulin in the treatment of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy
Authors: Ross Benjamin
Published: October 2020

A clinical decision report appraising van Schaik IN, Bril V, van Geloven N, et al. Subcutaneous immunoglobulin for maintenance treatment in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (PATH): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet Neurol. 2018;17(1):35-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(17)30378-2