bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contextual modulation of pain sensitivity utilising virtual environments
Authors: Smith Ashley , Carlow Klancy , Biddulph Tara , Murray Brooke , Paton Melissa , Harvie Daniel S
Published: March 2017

Background:

Investigating psychological mechanisms that modulate pain, such as those that might be accessed by manipulation of context, is of great interest to researchers seeking to better understand and treat pain. The aim of this study was to better understand the interaction between pain sensitivity, and contexts with inherent emotional and social salience – by exploiting modern immersive virtual reality (VR) technology.

Methods:

A within-subjects, randomised, double-blinded, repeated measures (RM) design was used. In total, 25 healthy participants were exposed to neutral, pleasant, threatening, socially positive and socially negative contexts, using an Oculus Rift DK2. Pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) were recorded in each context, as well as prior to and following the procedure. We also investigated whether trait anxiety and pain catastrophisation interacted with the relationship between the different contexts and pain.

Results:

Pressure pain sensitivity was not modulated by context ( p = 0.48). Anxiety and pain catastrophisation were not significantly associated with PPTs, nor did they interact with the relationship between context and PPTs.

Conclusion:

Contrary to our hypothesis, socially and emotionally salient contexts did not influence pain thresholds. In light of other research, we suggest that pain outcomes might only be tenable to manipulation by contextual cues if they specifically manipulate the meaning of the pain-eliciting stimulus, rather than manipulate psychological state generally – as per the current study. Future research might exploit immersive VR technology to better explore the link between noxious stimuli and contexts that directly alter its threat value.
A retrospective study on how primary care providers manage specialists’ recommendations after an e-consultation
Authors: Pecina Jennifer L , Frank Jennifer M , North Frederick
Published: March 2017

Introduction:

E-consultations are asynchronous text-based consultations between providers which can facilitate patient access to timely specialty care. In contrast to traditional face-to-face consults, conveying and completing recommendations of the specialist is the responsibility of the referring provider. This presents a new workflow for primary care providers who have multiple options (face-to-face, telephone, letter, secure message) to communicate the e-consultation recommendations. This study examines how primary care providers are managing this new workflow.

Methods:

We performed a retrospective random sampling of e-consultations with individual medical record review and classified e-consultations by type of recommendation, how recommendations were communicated to patients, and whether recommendations were carried out.

Results:

We randomly selected 220 e-consultations in 13 different specialties for review. In all, 85% of e-consultations contained recommendations for referring providers. Recommendations on medication(s) were most common (35%) followed by recommendations on ordering laboratory tests (29%). In all, 25% of the time e-consultants gave multiple possible courses of action for referring providers to choose from. Patient notification of recommendations was found for 192 (87%) of e-consultations with providers performing the notification 63% of the time and nursing staff performing the notification 37% of the time. The communication back to the patients included communication via nurse telephone calls (37%), provider telephone calls (23%), secure messages (24%), face-to-face visits (11%), and by written correspondence (5%).

Discussion:

Managing recommendations from e-consultations results in a new workflow for primary care providers. Healthcare institutions that utilize e-consults should be aware of this new workflow. Further study is needed to determine best practices for this task that is now increasing in primary care.
A multimodal approach to improving human papillomavirus vaccination in a community pharmacy setting
Authors: Hohmeier Kenneth C , Randolph Donna D , Smith Cindy Taliaferro , Hagemann Tracy M
Published: March 2017

Background:

Community pharmacy has become a major access point for several types of vaccinations. Despite the success of vaccination programs like influenza, pneumococcal, and herpes zoster, the rates of human papillomavirus vaccination continue to lag.

Objectives:

The primary objective is to describe and report on the impact of a multimodal series of pharmacist-led educational interventions on human papillomavirus vaccination rates in a community pharmacy setting. The primary outcome of this study was change in pharmacist-delivered human papillomavirus vaccination throughout a corresponding 8-week period in 2014 and 2015.

Methods:

A single-center, quasi-experimental interrupted time series mixed-methods pilot study was used to investigate a pharmacist-led, multimodal educational intervention approach to improve human papillomavirus vaccination rates in the community.

Results:

During the 2014 control period, there were no human papillomavirus vaccines dispensed or administered according to the internal prescription dispensing software. In 2015, a total of 10 patients indicated that they were vaccinated, with 9 patients receiving their first dose and 1 patient receiving his or her second dose at the pharmacy. Pharmacist recommendation was the most reported education method for increasing patient awareness of the human papillomavirus vaccine (n = 10).

Conclusion:

This study demonstrates pharmacist designed, educational interventions may impact human papillomavirus vaccination rates in the community. Further community-based research with larger sample sizes is warranted to verify these results. Due to the unique barriers to human papillomavirus vaccination, a multimodal and inter-professional approach such as the one presented here is warranted.
Assessment of postgraduate skin lesion education among Iowa family physicians
Authors: Goetsch Nicholas J , Hoehns James D , Sutherland John E , Ulven Matthew E , Shiyanbola Olayinka O , Rauch Monica K
Published: March 2017

Background:

Family medicine physicians play a pivotal role in the prevention and early detection of skin cancer. Our objective was to evaluate how family physicians believe their postgraduate training in skin cancer screening and prevention has prepared them for independent practice and to assess the need for enhanced skin lesion teaching in a family medicine residency setting.

Methods:

A descriptive, cross-sectional survey investigating provider demographics, confidence in providing dermatological care, residency training, current medical practice, and skin cancer prevention beliefs was mailed to all family medicine physicians in the state of Iowa as listed in the Iowa Academy of Family Physicians annual directory in 2006 (N = 1069).

Results:

A total of 575 family medicine physicians completed the survey for an overall response rate of 53.8%. Overall, family medicine physicians reported feeling confident in their ability to diagnose skin lesions (83.2%), differentiate between benign and malignant lesions (85.3%), and perform a biopsy of a lesion (94.3%). Only 65% of surveyed physicians felt that their residency program adequately trained them in diagnosing skin lesions and 65.7% of physicians agree that they could have benefited from additional training on skin lesions during residency training. Nearly 90% of clinicians surveyed believe that skin cancer screenings are the standard of care; however, only 51.8% perform skin cancer screening examinations during adult health maintenance visits more than 75% of the time. The primary reason listed by respondents who said they do not routinely perform skin cancer screenings was inadequate time (68.2%).

Conclusion:

Family medicine physicians in the state of Iowa are confident in evaluating skin lesions. However, they reported a need for additional enhanced, targeted skin lesion education in family medicine residency training programs. Physicians believe that skin cancer screening examination is the standard of care, but find that inadequate time increasingly hinders skin cancer screening during routine health maintenance examinations.
Using Learner-Centered, Simulation-Based Training to Improve Medical Students’ Procedural Skills
Authors: Toy Serkan , McKay Robert SF , Walker James L , Johnson Scott , Arnett Jacob L
Published: March 2017

Purpose:

To evaluate the effectiveness of a learner-centered, simulation-based training developed to help medical students improve their procedural skills in intubation, arterial line placement, lumbar puncture, and central line insertion.

Method:

The study participants were second and third year medical students. Anesthesiology residents provided the training and evaluated students’ procedural skills. Two residents were present at each station to train the medical students who rotated through all 4 stations. Pre/posttraining assessment of confidence, knowledge, and procedural skills was done using a survey, a multiple-choice test, and procedural checklists, respectively.

Results:

In total, 24 students were trained in six 4-hour sessions. Students reported feeling significantly more confident, after training, in performing all 4 procedures on a real patient ( P < .001). Paired-samples t tests indicated statistically significant improvement in knowledge scores for intubation, t(23) = −2.92, P < .001, and arterial line placement, t(23) = −2.75, P < .001. Procedural performance scores for intubation ( t(23) = −17.29, P < .001), arterial line placement ( t(23) = −19.75, P < .001), lumbar puncture ( t(23) = −16.27, P < .001), and central line placement ( t(23) = −17.25, P < .001) showed significant improvement. Intraclass correlation coefficients indicated high reliability in checklist scores for all procedures.

Conclusions:

The simulation sessions allowed each medical student to receive individual attention from 2 residents for each procedure. Students’ written comments indicated that this training modality was well received. Results showed that medical students improved their self-confidence, knowledge, and skills in the aforementioned procedures.
Sonographic Evaluation of an Immature Brescia-Cimino Fistula
Authors: Chappell Clare
Published: March 2017

Arteriovenous fistulas are known to be traumatic, congenital, or created for hemodialysis purposes in patients diagnosed with end-stage renal disease. In this case study of an immature Brescia-Cimino fistula, an outflow vein stenosis was assessed solely using sonography. This type of stenosis has been found to be the most common cause of fistula failure. This case study demonstrates how the use of sonography identified an immature arteriovenous fistula as well as assisted in further treatment planning and outcomes.
Sonographic Evaluation of the Progression of Takayasu’s Arteritis
Authors: McCallister Madeline B. , Fisher Kelsy L.
Published: March 2017

Takayasu’s arteritis (TA) is a rare nonspecific inflammatory disease of unknown cause predominantly affecting the aorta and its main branches, coronary arteries, and pulmonary arteries of young females. Diagnosis of TA is typically achieved through computed tomography angiography (CTA) or magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), with sonography often used as a tool for surveillance of disease progression following diagnosis. A case of previously diagnosed TA is presented that demonstrates the effective use of sonography to monitor the progression of the disease with serial examination. The use of CTA and MRA allowed for accurate initial diagnosis, whereas sonography proved to be an effective diagnostic surveillance tool for proper tracking of the disease and its clinical manifestations. Increased sonographer awareness of TA including the clinical manifestations and sonographic characteristics associated with progression of the disease can improve patient outcomes in this potentially life-threatening disease.
A fully recombinant human IgG1 Fc multimer (GL-2045) inhibits complement-mediated cytotoxicity and induces iC3b
Authors: Zhou Hua , Olsen Henrik , So Edward , Mérigeon Emmanuel , Rybin Denis , Owens Jane , LaRosa Gregory , Block David S. , Strome Scott E. , Zhang Xiaoyu
Published: March 2017

Key Points

GL-2045, a recombinant human IgG1-based Fc multimer, binds C1q and inhibits complement-dependent cytotoxicity. GL-2045 induces self-limited complement activation that is governed by both factors H and I and results in the generation of iC3b.
Associations of FoxP3 gene polymorphisms with severe recurrent respiratory papillomatosis in Korean patients
Authors: Kwon Tack-Kyun , Chung Eun Jae , Lee Nuri , Roh Eun Youn , Song Eun Young
Published: March 2017

Background

FoxP3 is the most dependable marker for regulatory T cells which play a major role in immune tolerance. Foxp3 gene polymorphisms were associated with various autoimmune diseases and clearance of viral infections. We studied the association of Foxp3 polymorphisms in severe RRP patients.

Methods

A total of 30 Korean severe RRP patients and 195 healthy controls were enrolled. Foxp3 polymorphisms (rs5902434 del/ATT, rs3761548 C/A, rs3761549 C/T, and rs2232365 G/A) were determined by PCR and sequencing.

Results

Genotype frequencies (GF) of rs5902434 ATT/ATT and rs2232365 GG were significantly decreased in female RRP patients than controls (0.0% vs 23.0%, p = 0.039, OR = 9.4 for both).

Conclusions

We showed that Foxp3 polymorphism of rs5902434 and rs2232365 could be an important protective factor in the susceptibility of severe RRP in female Koreans. Further studies on larger number of patients and other ethnic groups are needed to clarify the association.
The magnetometric resistivity method in a stratified medium having resistivities varying exponentially with depth
Authors: Sato Hédison Kiuity , de Souza Prates José Humberto
Published: March 2017

Using a known solution for the electric potential and Ampère’s law, the azimuthal component of the magnetic field is deduced in a horizontally layered medium with a current point source placed anywhere, considering that the resistivity in each layer varies exponentially with depth. This theoretical result contributes to model the magnetometric resistivity method, which had been applied onshore, e.g., for mineral exploration, offshore to investigate the permafrost layer at bottom sea, hydrothermal flux, and natural resources. We have numerically tested the obtained formulation against previous results found in the literature that use distinct electrode and sensor dispositions, with models having three and four layers. Introducing the exponential variation, it verified the sensitivity to physical and geometric parameters comparing the exponential and homogeneous models.
Hydraulic fracture diagnostics from Krauklis-wave resonance and tube-wave reflections
Authors: Liang Chao , O’Reilly Ossian , Dunham Eric M. , Moos Dan
Published: March 2017

Fluid-filled fractures support guided waves known as Krauklis waves. The resonance of Krauklis waves within fractures occurs at specific frequencies; these frequencies, and the associated attenuation of the resonant modes, can be used to constrain the fracture geometry. We use numerical simulations of wave propagation along fluid-filled fractures to quantify fracture resonance. The simulations involve solution of an approximation to the compressible Navier-Stokes equation for the viscous fluid in the fracture coupled to the elastic-wave equation in the surrounding solid. Variable fracture aperture, narrow viscous boundary layers near the fracture walls, and additional attenuation from seismic radiation are accounted for in the simulations. We then determine how tube waves within a wellbore can be used to excite Krauklis waves within fractures that are hydraulically connected to the wellbore. The simulations provide the frequency-dependent hydraulic impedance of the fracture, which can then be used in a frequency-domain tube-wave code to model tube-wave reflection/transmission from fractures from a source in the wellbore or at the wellhead (e.g., water hammer from an abrupt shut-in). Tube waves at the resonance frequencies of the fracture can be selectively amplified by proper tuning of the length of a sealed section of the wellbore containing the fracture. The overall methodology presented here provides a framework for determining hydraulic fracture properties via interpretation of tube-wave data.
Three-Year Follow-Up of an Alectinib Phase I/II Study in ALK-Positive Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: AF-001JP
Authors: Tamura Tomohide , Kiura Katsuyuki , Seto Takashi , Nakagawa Kazuhiko , Maemondo Makoto , Inoue Akira , Hida Toyoaki , Yoshioka Hiroshige , Harada Masao , Ohe Yuichiro , Nogami Naoyuki , Murakami Haruyasu , Kuriki Hiroshi , Shimada Tadashi , Tanaka Tomohiro , Takeuchi Kengo , Nishio Makoto
Published: March 2017

Purpose

Alectinib is an anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) –specific kinase inhibitor that seems to be effective against non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with a variety of ALK mutations. The primary analysis of AF-001JP reported a promising overall response rate. To assess progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), patients from the phase II part of AF-001JP were followed up for approximately 3 years.

Patients and Methods

Oral alectinib 300 mg was administered twice per day to patients with ALK inhibitor–naïve, ALK-positive NSCLC who had progressed after one or more regimens of previous chemotherapy. In this long-term follow-up, efficacy (PFS, OS), correlation between tumor shrinkage and PFS, safety of alectinib, and relief of cancer symptoms were evaluated.

Results

At the updated data cutoff (September 10, 2015; first patient in August 30, 2011, last patient in April 18, 2012), 25 of 46 phase II patients were still receiving alectinib. Disease progression was confirmed in 18 patients (39%); median PFS was not reached (3-year PFS rate, 62%; 95% CI, 45 to 75). Fourteen patients had brain metastases at baseline; of these, 6 remained in the study without CNS and systemic progression. Tumor shrinkage and PFS showed no correlation. The 3-year OS rate was 78% (13 events). The most common treatment-related adverse event (all grades) was increased blood bilirubin (36.2%). Most cancer symptoms were relieved early, and medication for symptoms was dramatically decreased during alectinib therapy.

Conclusion

Alectinib was effective in this 3-year follow-up with a favorable safety profile over a long administration period in ALK-positive NSCLC without previous ALK inhibitor treatment.
Mutual interaction between endothelial cells and mural cells enhances BMP9 signaling in endothelial cells
Authors: Tachida Yuki , Izumi Nanae , Sakurai Toyo , Kobayashi Hideki
Published: March 2017

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia is characterized by the formation of abnormal vascular networks and caused by the mutation of genes involved in BMP9 signaling. It is also known that the interaction between endothelial cells (ECs) and mural cells (MCs) is critical to maintain vessel integrity. However, it has not yet fully been uncovered whether the EC–MC interaction affects BMP9 signaling or not. To elucidate this point, we analyzed BMP9 signaling in a co-culture of several types of human primary culture ECs and MCs. The co-culture activated the Notch pathway in both types of cells in a co-culture- and BMP9-dependent manner. In HUVECs, the genes induced by BMP9 were significantly and synergistically induced in the presence of pericytes, fibroblasts or mesenchymal stem cells. The synergistic induction was greatly reduced in a non-contact condition. In fibroblasts, PDGFRB expression was potently induced in the presence of HUVECs, and BMP9 additively increased this response. Taken together, these results suggest that the EC–MC interaction potentiates BMP9 signaling both in ECs and MCs and plays a critical role in the maintenance of proper vessel functions.
Regulatory patterns of differentially expressed genes in Ebola and related viruses are critical for viral screening and diagnosis
Authors: Achinko Daniel , Dormer Anton , Narayanan Mahesh , Norman Elton , Abbas Muneer
Published: March 2017

Background

Viral detection techniques and applications are a critical first step to pathogen detection within a given population, especially during outbreaks. Common viral tests currently used are direct specimen examination, indirect examination and serological tests. Serological tests have gained intense interest because they are rapidly performed with patient blood samples for quick diagnosis and treatment. The diagnostic techniques developed around serology are often expensive, require expertise to use and cannot be afforded by developing countries with recurrent viral outbreaks. Therefore exploiting the huge amount of viral data available in various databases is critical to develop affordable and easy-to-use diagnostic tools.

Methods

This study obtained viral sample data from Gene Expression Omnibus database with focus on use of viral glycoprotein for host penetration. Gene relative mean across 34 obtained viral samples were extracted into data tables and used with edgeR statistical software in R version 3.3.1.

Results

Three clusters previously known to beLCKspecific (Ebola virus relative viral cluster, EBOVC),CD209specific (Mean differentiation cluster, MDC) and bothLCKandCD209specific (Kurtosis group cluster, KGC), expressed unique patterns of four proteins of interest (CD209, LCK, IL-2 and MYB). Differential expression analysis showed two cluster patterns on heatmaps, with differentially expressed proteins down-regulated in MDC but up-regulated in KGC and EBOVC for all pairwise cluster comparative analyses performed. Heatmaps showed two distinct immune related patterns, identifying MDC as B-lymphotropic while KGC and EBOVC as T-lymphotropic. Identified pathways were dominantly involved with homeostasis of immune cells and viral cell surface receptors involved in protein kinase activities.

Conclusions

Regulatory proteomic variants identified in clusters suggest transcription repression of HLA class I alleles. This study identified viral expression patterns with screening and therapeutic applications. Given that the viral pathogenetic pathway for Ebola has not been clearly identified yet, assembling its components is vital for vaccine development.
Cell-cell adhesion interface: rise of the lateral membrane
Authors: Tang Vivian W.
Published: March 2017

The lateral membrane plays an important role in the mechanical stability of epithelial cell sheet in steady state. In addition, the lateral membrane is continuously remodeled during dynamic processes such as cell extrusion, cytokinesis, and intercellular cell movement. In wound healing, the lateral membrane must be built from flat and spread cells that had crawled into the area of the wound. Thus, forming the lateral membrane is a phenomenon that occurs not only in development but also during homeostatic maintenance and regeneration of differentiated epithelial tissues.
General guidelines for biomedical software development
Authors: Silva Luis Bastiao , Jiménez Rafael C. , Blomberg Niklas , Luis Oliveira José
Published: March 2017

Most bioinformatics tools available today were not written by professional software developers, but by people that wanted to solve their own problems, using computational solutions and spending the minimum time and effort possible, since these were just the means to an end. Consequently, a vast number of software applications are currently available, hindering the task of identifying the utility and quality of each. At the same time, this situation has hindered regular adoption of these tools in clinical practice. Typically, they are not sufficiently developed to be used by most clinical researchers and practitioners. To address these issues, it is necessary to re-think how biomedical applications are built and adopt new strategies that ensure quality, efficiency, robustness, correctness and reusability of software components. We also need to engage end-users during the development process to ensure that applications fit their needs. In this review, we present a set of guidelines to support biomedical software development, with an explanation of how they can be implemented and what kind of open-source tools can be used for each specific topic.
La coexistence de procédures contentieuses en matière d’investissements étrangers
Authors: Audit Mathias
Published: March 2017

El gran desarrollo del arbitraje en materia de inversión extranjera es uno de los aportes más notables del derecho internacional contemporáneo. Los Estados ven regularmente cómo se determina su responsabilidad ante las jurisdicciones arbitrales cuando los inversores estiman haber sido víctimas de su comportamiento, sin embargo, las posibles modalidades dectomar estas jurisdicciones son diversas. Las instancias pueden estar fundadascsobre una cláusula compromisoria o sobre una oferta pública de arbitrajecde un tratado multilateral o bilateral, o aun con una ley nacional. Puedecresultar que para un mismo caso o para casos similares varios tribunalescpuedan tener jurisdicción para conocer de ellos. Esta contribución busca presentar estas situaciones complejas, así como aportar posibles soluciones.
The Dynamics of Consumer Engagement with Mobile Technologies
Authors: Viswanathan Vijay , Hollebeek Linda D. , Malthouse Edward C. , Maslowska Ewa , Jung Kim Su , Xie Wei
Published: March 2017

While important insights about the customer engagement concept have been gleaned in recent literature, little remains known regarding the nature and dynamics characterizing customers’ engagement with mobile devices, particularly from a longitudinal perspective. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to examine how customer engagement with mobile technology is related to purchase behaviors over time as a dynamic iterative process. A unique database addressing customers’ mobile engagement and purchase behaviors is used for the analysis. The results from a vector autoregressive (VAR) model suggest that customer mobile disengagement, where consumers abandon an app, has a strong negative long-term effect on purchase behaviors. However, purchase behaviors can alleviate the level of disengagement. The study, therefore, provides novel findings pertaining to the dynamic interrelationship between customers’ engagement with new digital media and purchase behaviors, and therefore it has important scholarly and managerial implications.
Distúrbios osteomusculares autorreferidos entre os trabalhadores da limpeza urbana
Authors: Sousa Milena Nunes Alves de , Ferreira Kamilla Gualberto , Marinho Débora Araújo , Gomes Givanete Alves , Ramos Yoly Sousa , Andrade Monica de
Published: March 2017

Objetivou-se avaliar a prevalência autorreferida de distúrbios osteomusculares entre os trabalhadores da limpeza urbana. Foi realizado estudo descritivo, de prevalência com abordagem quantitativa, tendo sido realizado no município de Patos – PB com 38 agentes da limpeza urbana local (60,1% do universo de pesquisa). A coleta de dados foi realizada entre os meses de setembro a outubro a partir da aplicação de dois questionários. O primeiro contemplou variáveis sociais, demográficas, profissionais e clínicas dos pesquisados e o segundo foi o instrumento validado denominado de Questionário Nórdico de Sintomas Osteomusculares. Os dados foram analisados no Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, versão 21 e realizou-se estatística descritiva e inferencial (correlação não paramétrica Spearman e a correlação bisserial por ponto). Aceitou-se como estatisticamente significativo um p < 0,05. Constatou-se que a prevalência autorreferida de sintomas osteomusculares foi de 45,9% (n=18), haja vista tais trabalhadores relataram a presença de dor, formigamento e dormência no corpo nos últimos 12 meses, com maior acometimento na região lombar (10,5%). Também, 15,8% (n=6) relataram impedimento de realizar atividades normais nos últimos 12 meses em decorrência destes problemas, bem como consultaram profissional de saúde nos últimos 12 meses por problemas osteomusculares e tiveram algum problema osteomuscular nos últimos sete dias. Os achados indicaram significativa prevalência autorreferida de distúrbios osteomusculares entre os agentes da limpeza urbana. O quadro demanda intervenções no campo da promoção da saúde no trabalho.
Identificação e avaliação de práticas de produção enxuta em empresas calçadistas do estado da Paraíba
Authors: Santos Luciano Costa , Gohr Cláudia Fabiana , Gonçalves Juliana Maria Silva , Vilar Flora Magna do Monte , Arnaud Leonardo de Miranda
Published: March 2017

A produção enxuta tem se mostrado uma estratégia de produção que pode trazer bons resultados para a indústria calçadista. Considerando a relevância econômica do setor calçadista para o Estado da Paraíba, este artigo apresenta um estudo exploratório em cinco fábricas relevantes para a região, a fim de se obter um diagnóstico inicial em relação ao nível de maturidade na adoção de práticas de produção enxuta nessas empresas. Para isso, foram conduzidas visitas às fábricas, nas quais foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com pessoas envolvidas na implementação ou no gerenciamento das práticas pesquisadas. Um check-list de avaliação foi utilizado para quantificar o grau de implementação de cada uma das 12 práticas investigadas. Os resultados demonstraram que a maior parte das práticas era utilizada nas fábricas estudadas, porém com um nível de maturidade ainda incipiente. Foi possível constatar que a aplicação isolada das práticas não garantia a obtenção de um sistema enxuto, o que despertou a necessidade de uma investigação mais profunda da produção enxuta nas fábricas pesquisadas. Do mesmo modo, foi identificada a necessidade do desenvolvimento de um procedimento de avaliação mais abrangente, que fosse capaz de incorporar a visão sistêmica da produção enxuta.
Gestão ambiental em cadeia de suprimentos: revisão sistemática da literatura
Authors: Franco Denise , Miller Devós Ganga Gilberto , De Santa-Eulalia Luis Antonio
Published: March 2017

A literatura refere-se à extensão da gestão ambientalmente correta ao longo da cadeia de suprimentos como o conceito de Gestão Ambiental em Cadeia de Suprimentos (GACS). Este estudo teve como objetivo realizar duas revisões sistemáticas da literatura a fim de i) verificar quais são os estudos existentes que envolvem as pressões que levam à adoção de práticas da GACS; e ii) identificar quais são os artigos que abordam os desempenhos alcançados com a adoção dessas práticas. Os resultados indicaram que poucos estudos realmente abordam essas relações separadamente (práticas/pressões e práticas/desempenhos), sendo ainda mais reduzida a quantidade de trabalhos que abordam as duas relações conjuntamente. Detectou-se, ainda, que os estudos sobre esses dois temas são recentes, com a maioria publicada a partir de 2011. Constatou-se também que as práticas da GACS mais citadas nos artigos analisados foram: Gestão Ambiental Interna, Compra Verde, Cooperação com os Clientes, Eco-design e Recuperação do Investimento. As pressões mais citadas estão relacionadas com fatores internos e externos à empresa (principalmente Regulamentação, Mercado, Concorrência, Fornecedores e Sociedade). Finalmente, os desempenhos relacionados às práticas da GACS mais estudados foram: ambiental, econômico e operacional. Traçou-se, assim, cinco proposições resultantes da pesquisa, as quais foram ilustradas em um modelo teórico conceitual.
ARAHAN PENGENDALIAN PERUBAHAN PENGGUNAAN LAHAN MENGGUNAKAN MARKOV - CELLULAR AUTOMATA DI KABUPATEN CIANJUR
Authors: Yudarwati Rani , Sitorus Santun R.P , Munibah Khursatul
Published: March 2017

Controlling the rate of land use change is necessary due to maintaining environment sustainability.  One of the efforts is studying the changes that occur in the past few years. These changes can be studied by Markov - Cellular Automata model.Cianjur is one of the regency that has a high risk of landslide hazard, so it is necessary to control land use change in order to realize environmental sustainability in accordance with the spatial plan of Cianjur regency (RTRW). The purpose of this study was to see land use changes that occurred and evaluated with the spatial plan (RTRW) and also to conduct controlling scenarios of land use changes. The analysis showed that Cianjur regency has drastically decreased in forest area up to 10,3% and landuse inconsistencyof 10,4%. The prediction results showed that landuse change without intervention would dramatically increase inconsistency up to 20,5%. Land use scenario of restoring forest could reduce inconsistency up to 16,6%.
ZooBP
Authors: Eswaran Dhivya , Günnemann Stephan , Faloutsos Christos , Makhija Disha , Kumar Mohit
Published: March 2017

Given a heterogeneous network, with nodes of different types - e.g., products, users and sellers from an online recommendation site like Amazon - and labels for a few nodes ('honest', 'suspicious', etc), can we find a closed formula for Belief Propagation (BP), exact or approximate? Can we say whether it will converge?

BP, traditionally an inference algorithm for graphical models, exploits so-called "network effects" to perform graph classification tasks when labels for a subset of nodes are provided; and it has been successful in numerous settings like fraudulent entity detection in online retailers and classification in social networks. However, it does not have a closed-form nor does it provide convergence guarantees in general. We propose ZooBP, a method to perform fast BP on undirected heterogeneous graphs with provable convergence guarantees. ZooBP has the following advantages: (1)
Generality
: It works on heterogeneous graphs with multiple types of nodes and edges; (2)
Closed-form solution:
ZooBP gives a closed-form solution as well as convergence guarantees; (3)
Scalability:
ZooBP is linear on the graph size and is up to 600×
faster
than BP, running on graphs with
3.3 million edges
in a few seconds. (4)
Effectiveness:
Applied on real data (a F
lipkart
e-commerce network with users, products and sellers), ZooBP identifies fraudulent users with a near-perfect precision of
92.3 %
over the top 300 results.
Optical probing of gastrocnemius in patients with peripheral artery disease characterizes myopathic biochemical alterations and correlates with stage of disease
Authors: Becker Ryan A. , Cluff Kim , Duraisamy Nithyanandhi , Mehraein Hootan , Farhoud Hussam , Collins Tracie , Casale George P. , Pipinos Iraklis I. , Subbiah Jeyamkondan
Published: March 2017

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a condition caused by atherosclerotic blockages in the arteries supplying the lower limbs and is characterized by ischemia of the leg, progressive myopathy, and increased risk of limb loss. The affected leg muscles undergo significant changes of their biochemistry and metabolism including variations in the levels of many key proteins, lipids, and nucleotides. The mechanisms behind these changes are poorly understood. The objective of this study was to correlate the severity of the PAD disease stage and associated hemodynamic limitation (determined by the ankle brachial index, ABI) in the legs of the patients with alterations in the biochemistry of chronically ischemic leg muscle as determined by ATR‐Fourier transform infrared micro‐spectroscopy. Muscle (gastrocnemius) biopsies were collected from 13 subjects including four control patients (ABI≥0.9), five claudicating patients (0.4 ≤ ABI<0.9), and four critical limb ischemia (CLI) patients (ABI<0.4). Slide mounted specimens were analyzed by ATR‐Fourier transform infrared micro‐spectroscopy. An analysis of variance and a partial least squares regression model were used to identify significant differences in spectral peaks and correlate them with the ABI. The spectra revealed significant differences (P < 0.05) across control, claudicating, and CLI patients in the fingerprint and functional group regions. Infrared microspectroscopic probing of ischemic muscle biopsies demonstrates that PAD produces significant and unique changes to muscle biochemistry in comparison to control specimens. These distinctive biochemical profiles correlate with disease progression and may provide insight and direction for new targets in the diagnosis and therapy of muscle degeneration in PAD.
Orai and TRPC channel characterization in FcεRI‐mediated calcium signaling and mediator secretion in human mast cells
Authors: Wajdner Hannah E. , Farrington Jasmine , Barnard Claire , Peachell Peter T. , Schnackenberg Christine G. , Marino Joseph P. , Xu Xiaoping , Affleck Karen , Begg Malcolm , Seward Elizabeth P.
Published: March 2017

Inappropriate activation of mast cells via the FcεRI receptor leads to the release of inflammatory mediators and symptoms of allergic disease. Calcium influx is a critical regulator of mast cell signaling and is required for exocytosis of preformed mediators and for synthesis of eicosanoids, cytokines and chemokines. Studies in rodent and human mast cells have identified Orai calcium channels as key contributors to FcεRI‐initiated mediator release. However, until now the role of TRPC calcium channels in FcεRI‐mediated human mast cell signaling has not been published. Here, we show evidence for the expression of Orai 1,2, and 3 and TRPC1 and 6 in primary human lung mast cells and the LAD2 human mast cell line but, we only find evidence of functional contribution of Orai and not TRPC channels to FcεRI‐mediated calcium entry. Calcium imaging experiments, utilizing an Orai selective antagonist (Synta66) showed the contribution of Orai to FcεRI‐mediated signaling in human mast cells. Although, the use of a TRPC3/6 selective antagonist and agonist (GSK‐3503A and GSK‐2934A, respectively) did not reveal evidence for TRPC6 contribution to FcεRI‐mediated calcium signaling in human mast cells. Similarly, inactivation of STIM1‐regulated TRPC1 in human mast cells (as tested by transfecting cells with STIM1‐KK684‐685EE ‐ TRPC1 gating mutant) failed to alter FcεRI‐mediated calcium signaling in LAD2 human mast cells. Mediator release assays confirm that FcεRI‐mediated calcium influx through Orai is necessary for histamine and TNFα release but is differentially involved in the generation of cytokines and eicosanoids.
Intact colonic KCa1.1 channel activity in KCNMB2 knockout mice
Authors: Larsen Casper K. , Praetorius Helle A. , Leipziger Jens , Sorensen Mads V.
Published: March 2017

Mammalian potassium homeostasis results from tightly regulated renal and colonic excretion, which balances the unregulated dietary K+ intake. Colonic K+ secretion follows the pump‐leak model, in which the large conductance Ca2+‐activated K+ channel (KCa1.1) is well established as the sole, but highly regulated apical K+ conductance. The physiological importance of auxiliary β and γ subunits of the pore‐forming α‐subunit of the KCa1.1 channel is not yet fully established. This study investigates colonic K+ secretion in a global knockout mouse of the KCa1.1‐β2‐subunit (KCNMB2−/−), which apparently is the only β‐subunit of the colonic enterocyte KCa1.1 channel. We can report that: (1) Neither KCa1.1 α‐ nor the remaining β‐subunits were compensatory transcriptional regulated in colonic epithelia of KCNMB2−/− mice. (2) Colonic epithelia from KCNMB2−/− mice displayed equal basal and ATP‐induced KCa1.1‐mediated K+ conductance as compared to KCNMB2+/+. (3) K+ secretion was increased in KCNMB2−/− epithelia compared to wild‐type epithelia from animals fed an aldosterone‐inducing diet. (4) Importantly, the apical K+ conductance was abolished by the specific blocker of KCa1.1 channel iberiotoxin in both KCNMB2+/+ and KCNMB2−/− mice. Recently a novel family of auxiliary γ‐subunits of the KCa1.1 channel has been described. (5) We detected the γ1‐subunit (LRRC26) mRNA in colonic epithelia. To investigate the physiological role of the γ1‐subunit of KCa1.1 channels in colonic K+ secretion, we acquired an LRRC26 knockout mouse. (6) Unexpectedly, LRRC26 mice had a perinatal lethal phenotype, thus preventing functional measurements. On this basis we conclude that colonic K+ secretion is intact or even increased in mice lacking the β2‐subunit of KCa1.1 channel complex despite no additional compensatory induction of KCa1.1 β‐subunits.
Pneumonia treatment by photodynamic therapy with extracorporeal illumination ‐ an experimental model
Authors: Geralde Mariana C. , Leite Ilaiáli S. , Inada Natalia M. , Salina Ana Carolina G. , Medeiros Alexandra I. , Kuebler Wolfgang M. , Kurachi Cristina , Bagnato Vanderlei S.
Published: March 2017

Infectious pneumonia is a major cause of morbidity/mortality, mainly because of the increasing rate of microorganisms resistant to antibiotics. Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) is emerging as a promising approach, as effects are based on oxidative stress, preventing microorganism resistance. In two previous studies, the in vitro inactivation of Streptococcus pneumoniae using indocyanine green (ICG) and infrared light source was a success killing 5 log10 colony‐forming units (CFU/mL) with only 10 μmol/L ICG. In this work, a proof‐of‐principle protocol was designed to treat lung infections by PDT using extracorporeal illumination with a 780 nm laser device and also ICG as photosensitizer. Hairless mice were infected with S. pneumoniae and PDT was performed two days after infection. For control groups, CFU recovery ranged between 103–104/mouse. For PDT group, however, no bacteria were recovered in 80% of the animals. Based on this result, animal survival was evaluated separately over 50 days. No deaths occurred in PDT group, whereas 60% of the control group died. Our results indicate that extracorporeal PDT has the potential for pneumonia treatment, and pulmonary decontamination with PDT may be used as a single therapy or as an antibiotics adjuvant.
Movement Disorder Associated With Foreign Body Ingestion
Authors: Akingbola Olugbenga , Singh Dinesh , Blecker Uwe
Published: March 2017

We present a case of recurrent bouts of irritability with arching, head extension, and lethargy in a previously healthy 10-month-old girl admitted to the PICU for acute onset of a movement disorder. The patient’s vital signs and physical examination were unremarkable but recurrent bouts of abnormal movements persisted for the first 10 hours of admission in the PICU. Possible diagnoses, such as meningitis, status epilepticus, space occupying lesions, and toxic ingestions, were ruled out because of negative cerebrospinal fluid analysis, normal EEG, and negative results of other ancillary tests. On the second day of admission, an abdominal radiograph was obtained because intussusception was considered a probable diagnosis due to recurrent episodes of arching and lethargy. The abdominal radiograph revealed the presence of a 15-mm radiopaque foreign body in the right lower quadrant corresponding to the anatomic location of the ileocecal valve. The patient made an uneventful recovery after she spontaneously passed a 1.5 cm by 1 cm rock (15 mm) in her stool on the third day of admission. This case highlights the need for a high index of suspicion for unwitnessed ingestion of a foreign body in a previously healthy preschool child with sudden onset of a movement disorder.
El Sistema de Falla Navarro: desplazamientos izquierdos a lo largo del Cinturón Deformado del Centro de Costa Rica
Authors: Montero Walter
Published: March 2017

En este estudio se define el sistema de falla Navarro con base en observaciones geológicas, geomorfológicas y sismológicas. Este sistema de falla está localizado entre las estribaciones norte de la cordillera de Talamanca y las faldas sur y sureste de los volcanes Irazú y Turrialba y está caracterizado principalmente por desplazamientos de tipo sinestral. El sistema de falla Navarro tiene un rumbo entre este-oeste y noreste-suroeste e incluye los segmentos denominados: Tarrazú, Navarro, Cachí, Urasca, Paraíso y Maravilla. Dos estructuras transtensivas denominadas Estrella y Ujarrás están presentes a lo largo del sistema de falla. Sismos en el periodo 1973-2015 fueron relocalizados iluminando las fallas del sector suroeste del sistema. Los mecanismos focales calculados corresponden en su mayoría con fallas de desplazamiento de rumbo en concordancia con las observaciones morfotectónicas.
El mastodonte bajo el agua: el registro de Cuvieronius Hyodon Fischer (1814) en la plataforma continental interna del Pacífico de Costa Rica, playa Caletas, provincia de Guanacaste
Authors: Laurito César A. , Valerio Ana L. , Rojas-Sibaja Nefertiti
Published: March 2017

de Costa Rica. Este hallazgo constituye la primera evidencia fósil de un mamífero terrestre que habitó la plataforma continental cuando esta era tierra seca durante la última máxima glacial en el Pleistoceno Tardío para América Central y la Región Caribe.
L2 Development As Cognitive-Emotive Process
Authors: Poehner Matthew E. , Swain Merril
Published: March 2017

The aim of this paper is twofold. On a conceptual level, we argue that the cognitive and emotive exist in dialectic relation to one another and that as such both are ever present in psychological activity, including L2 development. Related to this first point, we seek to orient researchers and practitioners to ways in which interactions with learners may simultaneously attend to both aspects of this cognitive-emotive dialectic to optimally promote learner development. We begin with an example that demonstrates the intertwining of cognition and emotion, thus setting the scene for what follows: a discussion of the concept of perezhivanie as the most explicit and detailed discussion of the cognitive-emotive unity in Vygotsky’s writings. We follow this with an overview of more recent work within SCT that has elaborated upon Vygotsky’s ideas and that further specifies the genesis of the emotive as an inherent component of human psychology and one that is always in relation to the cognitive. With this as background, we turn to the research of Reuven Feuerstein, whose clinical work with learners with special needs aligns closely with SCT principles and includes the emotive as both an element of learner functioning that must be attended to during cognitive intervention as well as a legitimate focus of mediation in its own right. Data from a recent project involving Mediated Development, an interactional framework derived from Vygotsky’s writings and influenced by the work of Feuerstein, are discussed as illustrative of what may be revealed when mediator focus in joint engagement with a learner is on the cognitive-emotive unity. We conclude that the concept of perezhivanie, understood as a cognitive-emotive dialectic, orients us to understanding how each shapes the other, and how either may gain prominence during particular moments in development. Our understanding of perezhivanie suggests that mediation of grammatical errors, lexical choice and pragmatic violations has been one-sided, and should include the mediation of, for example, sharing behavior, frustration and feelings of competence. We end by suggesting several ideas for future research.