bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dengue Score: Predictor of Plasma Leakage
Authors: Shireen Maria , Arshad Rabia , Nawaz Arsalan , Amir Wasim , Javaid Tariq , Arshad Navaira
Published: January 2022

Background: Many biochemical and hematological changes occur in dengue infection, which is dependent on the clinical disease. The Dengue Score (DS) is a useful tool for anticipating plasma leakage. The platelet count, hematocrit (Hct), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ratio and albumin is used for it. Aim: To predict a score useful to detect dengue hemorrhagic fever. Method: The study was retrospective observational. It is done in Dengue wards in Ghurki teaching hospital Lahore and Mayo Hospital Lahore. In the study 100 patients record was taken who were admitted from August 2021 to November 2021. A proforma was filled. SPSS 23 was used for statistical analysis of the data. Results: The mean age was 38.32±13.713. Out of 100 patients 57(57%) were male while 43(43%) were female. 32 were included in dengue score (DS) ≤1, 33 were included in dengue score = 2 and 35 were included in dengue score ≥3. Ascites developed in 6 patients with DS ≤1, 24 with DS ═2, 31 with DS ≥3. Pleural effusion developed in 3 with DS ≤1, 20 with DS ═2, 21 with DS ≥3 so It showed significant association of effusion and ascites with DS = 2 and score ≥3. Conclusion: Dengue score can be calculated by change in hemoconcentration, platelets, serum albumin and AST ratio so it can be used to predict plasma leakage which is part of dengue hemorrhagic fever. Keywords: Dengue Score (DS), Plasma Leakage, Pleural effusion, Ascites
Frequency of Expression of D240 in Dermatofibroma – A diagnostic study
Authors: Aslam Maimoona , Khan Faria Waqar , Chughtai A.S. , Naeem Alina , Bashir Azra , Khan Anam
Published: January 2022

Aim: To establish the diagnostic utility of D2-40 IHC stain in dermatofibroma, by determining its positivity of expression. Study design: It was a Cross-sectional study Setting: The study was conducted in Department of Histopathology, Chughtai Institute of Pathology Duration of study: Six months (1st August 2018 to 31st January 2019) Methods: A total 70 samples were included. The clinical parameters like age and gender were recorded. The histological preparation was performed by classic method for inclusion in paraffin followed by haematoxylin-eosin staining. The immunohistochemical analysis was performed on serial sections using immune-enzymatic soluble complex method. The antibody used was D2-40 polyclonal antibody from DAKO. Diffuse crisp cytoplasmic D2-40 staining was considered positive. Results: The mean age was 32.76±10.65 years and male to female ratio was 1:1.4. There were 70% cases have D2-40 positivity for dermatofibroma and 30% have no D2-40 positivity for dermatofibroma and mean duration of disease was 9.05±6.33 months. There were significant difference (P<0.05) between age and duration of disease with respect to D2-40 positivity for dermatofibroma; Conclusion: D2-40 immunoreactivity is sensitive and is useful in the differential diagnosis of dermatofibroma. Keywords: Dermatofibroma, Haematoxylin, Immunohistochemical, Positivity of D2-40
Effect of Zinc on Spermatogenesis
Authors: Sair Mohammad , Inam Asma , Gul Sabahat , Adil Raheela , Adnan Sadiq Muhammad , Sajid Khan Muhammad
Published: January 2022

Aim: To determine the effect of zinc on spermatogenesis Methodology: the study was done at Shahida Islam Medical Complex, Lodhran. 60 albino rats were selected and divided into 4 groups each consisting of 15 albino rats each. The first control group-1 was feed with normal diet, while the group-2 and group-3 were treated with indomethacin and zinc respectively. Whereas the group-4 was treated with both zinc and indomethacin. This intervention was carried out for 12 weeks. Once the study was concluded, the rats were euthanized and histopathological analysis of the testes was carried out to determine the effect on spermatogenesis. Results: group 4 showed favorable results in which normal spermatogenesis could be observed, in group 2 however, focal loss of germ cells series was seen as well as focal basement membrane detachment. Conclusion: the study can safely say that zinc metal exhibits a protective role on the testes of albino rats Keywords: Spermatogenesis, Albino rats, Zinc, Indomethacin, Sertoli cells
Effect of Age on Relationship between Hypertension and its Clinical Manifestations
Authors: Hameed Farheen , Haque Mazhar ul , Iqbal Javeria , Hussain Talib , Memon Zaheer Hussain , Naz Sana
Published: January 2022

Aim: To evaluate the effect of age on the relationship between hypertension and its clinical signs and symptoms. Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted in the outpatient department of Shahida Islam Medical Complex hospital, Lodhran. A total of 304 patients with history of hypertension and taking anti-hypertensive medication were included in the study. Each patient’s demographic profile and hypertension related clinical signs and symptoms were recorded through interview, using a structured questionnaire whereas their blood pressure levels were measured by using a sphygmomanometer with stethoscope on upper arm. The patients were categorized into three age groups, I. II and III each between 18 to 35, 36 to 55 and 56 years or above age respectively. Results: The predicted outcome of the study revealsthat among subjects aged up to 35 years only palpitation was notablylinked with systolic hypertension while only shortness of breath was notablyrelated with diastolic hypertension; among subjects between 36 to 55 years of age, smoking history, sleep apnea and palpitation were markedlylinked with systolic hypertension but only sleep apnea was considerablyrelated with diastolic hypertension while among patients aged 56 years or above, headache, vertigo. whereas both headache and palpitation were considerablyrelated with diastolic hypertension. Conclusion: The clinical manifestations of hypertension tend to increase with advancing age of the patients. Keywords: Age Groups, Hypertension, Signs and Symptoms
Prevalence and Screening of Tobacco and Substance Abuse among patients visiting Emergency Department
Authors: Zehra Areej , Nasir Shua , Shehbaz Lal , Khan Adeeba Salahuddin , Ilyas Sana
Published: January 2022

Aim: To prevalence and screening of tobacco and substance abuse among patients visiting emergency. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in the emergency department of Usman Memorial Hospital, Karachi during the period of Jan, 2020 to June, 2021. In the 18 months of study, we included patients visiting to our emergency department due to any acute complaint who is older than 18 years of age. All the participants were to be asked National Institute of Drug Abuse (NIDA) quick screen and tobacco addiction screening was done by CAGE questionnaire. Data was collected and analyzed using SPSS version 2. Results: During the 18 months’ time, we received 642 patients matching our inclusion criteria for this study. Out of these 371(59.4%) participants agreed to participate in the study whereas the 40.6% refused to enter the study. Out of these there were 242(65.2%) males and 129(34.7%) females in the study sample. All these participants were asked the single screen question for drug use and 178(47.9%) of the participants have used an illegal drug or prescription drugs for non-medical reason. Among the total 194 participants who smoke currently there were 146(75.2%) participants with positive CAGE modified results suggests nicotine dependence. Conclusion: The above study suggests that substance abuse/misuse of prescription drugs and nicotine dependence is common in our population and awareness regarding smoking cessation and drugs use is needed. Screening of individuals at emergency department is an efficient method for identifying severe cases and provide them proper medical help. Keywords: Tobacco, Nicotine, Smoking.
Perceptions of Medical Students’ about E-Learning during Covid- 19
Authors: Abbas Huda , Qamar Misbah Ul , Bashir Sadia , Sarfraz Ali
Published: January 2022

Aim: Medical student’s outlook about implementation of E-Learning in Covid-19 Methodology: A cross-sectional study was at Quiad-e-Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur on undergraduate medical students from March 2021 to August 2021. Self-administered online questionnaire was used to obtain the perception of medical students about E-learning, effects of this pandemic on medical education and implementation problems of E-learning in Pakistan. E mail and other electronic social media including Face Book, WhatsApp and Instragram were availed to broadcast the questionnaire. Results: Out of 218 respondents, the majority (71.9%) agreed the closure decision of college to prevent the lives from rapid spread of pandemic. 64% students considered E-Learning best available solution during lockdown. E-Learning initiative has a close connection with the residence and opinion regarding this program. Students faced limited connection and bandwidth, new and unfamiliar process of learning, limited technical help, inflexible time despite problems in connection during online examination and unavailable advantage of face to face learning facilities. Conclusion: Majority of students took E-learning positively. But it becomes challenging due to unavailability of essential required electric technology for students. Key words: E learing, medical students, covid-19
Maternal Anemia as a Risk Factor for Preterm Delivery and Low Birth Weight
Authors: Ahmad Uzma , . Fehmida , Asmatullah Zarkaish , Alam Javed , Ghafoor Abid Ul , Khan Atyya Bibi
Published: January 2022

Aim: Maternal anemia as a risk factor for preterm delivery and low birth weight Methods: A cross-sectional study using pregnant women as participants to screen for pregnancy endpoints and perform a hemoglobin test. A logistic regression model was used. The adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were utilized in this investigation to determine if maternal anemia, preterm labor and low birth weight were associated. Results: The mean maternal age was 27.8±6.4 in anemic women and 28.2±5.9 in non-anemic women. Preterm birth was 26.3% in anemic women and 10% in women who were not anemic. Low birth weight babies accounted for 32.5% of the anemic group and 10% of non-anemic mothers gave birth to low birth weight babies. Conclusion: Pregnant mothers who were anemic had a greater chance of having a low birth weight babies. Keywords: Pregnancy, low birth weight, Labor
The Use of Stem Cells in Dental Implant Site Development
Authors: Hoti Kamal K. , Ayub M. Mansoor , Qureshi Imran S. , Hussain Sajid , Tariq Sahibzadi F. , Khan Taimur , Khan Ali H. , Amin Noor Ul
Published: January 2022

Aim: The use of stem cells in dental implant site development Methods: A total of 15 patients were enrolled and divided into three groups, with each group receiving 1x105, 1x106, and 1x107 stem cell treatment dosages. Following treatment, CT scan was done to measure their bone mineral density (BMD), which was scored using Hounsfield units (HU) grading. Tests were performed prior to treatment, as well as 4,6,8,12 weeks after dental implantation to determine the success of the procedure. Results: There were no major side effects over the six-month study period. There was no association identified between the stem cell transplant and any of the side effects Multiplex immunological tests were used to determine the amount of cytokines and chemokines present in the subjects. The inflammatory markers eotaxin, FGF2, MCP-1, MDC, and IL17a were elevated in patients treated with stem cells. Stem cells secrete cytokines and chemokines that aid in the healing of damaged tissue. Conclusions: Stem cell treatment for dental implantation is well tolerated and has no significant negative effects. Keywords: Stem cell, dental implantation
Posterior Pituitary Bright Spot Normal Dimensions on MRI
Authors: Iqbal Sana , Siddique Umer Ummara , Sundal Anisa , Jabeen Mahwish , Safi Abdullah , , Khan Shandana , Nawaz Aruba , Sharif Aliya
Published: January 2022

Aim: To assess the measurements of posterior pituitary bright spot on MRI in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Methods: The study was done in RMI, Peshawar. Duration is January, 2016 to February, 2019. 78 patients with normal pituitary MRI studies were selected for study. MRI without contrast was done along cranio caudal and antero posterior axis on sagital T1WI. Three cases of ectopic posterior pituitary were also included. Results: Dimensions were taken in antero posterior and cranio caudal axis on sagittal T1WI. Dimension of PPBS was 1.8--8.6mm in cranio caudal axis and 0.8-6mm in antero posteriorly. Mean±SD of cranio caudal measurement was 5.09±1.28mm and of antero posteriorly 2.42±0.9mm. Pearsons analysis showed direct correlation i.e. as value of cranio caudal diameter increased, the antero posteriorly also increased. Conclusion: PPBS was identified in 100% of normal pituitary glands. Mean PPBS size normally ranged from 1.8 to 8mm i.e. mean± SD was 5.09±1.28mm craniocaudally. There is a direct correlation in cranio caudal and antero posterior dimensions of PPBS. Keywords: Pituitary, Magnetic resonance imaging. Posterior pituitary bright spot
Advances in Colonoscopy for Colorectal Cancer Screening: A Comparison between Chromocolonoscopy Vs Colonoscopy
Authors: Sibtain Zaeem , Uppal Salman Taj , Qaiser Muhammad Affan , Yousaf Muhammad Kamran , Talha Shah, Syed Hammad W. , Butt Nazish
Published: January 2022

Aim: A comparison between chromocolonoscopy versus white light colonoscopy in screening colorectal cancer Methods: Patients were randomly assigned to high-definition white light colonoscopy (HDWLC) and high-definition chromocolonoscopy (HDCH). The patients were divided into two groups, each had 110 individuals Results: An adenoma affected 1.2 to 2.1 patients on average, while polyps affected 1.4 to 1.9 patients on average, with an adenoma affecting 0.5 to 1.0 patient on average. Both the number of patients with at least one adenoma (54.5% vs. 47.2%, absolute difference 7.3%, 95% confidence interval (p value <0.01) and the number of adenomas per patient (1.2 versus 1.0, P <0.01) were slightly higher in the chromocolonoscopy group. Adenomas that had progressed by 10 mm or more differed from those that had progressed by <10 mm (0.16 versus 0.14, P = 0.4), although the differences were not statistically significant. In each group, one invasive malignancy was discovered, and it wasn't a benign tumor or neoplasm. By chromocolonoscopy, non-neoplastic lesions (1.9 per patient versus 1.1 per patient, P = 0.01) were detected significantly more frequently than adenomas larger than 5 mm in diameter (0.9 per patient versus 0.8 per patient, P < 0.01) Conclusion: When compared to high-definition white light colonoscopy, high-definition chromocolonoscopy had a marginally greater rate of adenoma diagnosis and a moderate increase in flat adenomas and small lesions but not in large lesions. When it came to more advanced malignancies, both techniques produced the same results. Keywords: Colorectal cancer, chromocolonoscopy
Herpes zoster post covid-19 vaccination
Authors: Hafeez Javeria , Malik Sakina Sadiq , Bashir Uzma , Hafeez Ayesha , Naheed Aqsa , Naveed Tehseen
Published: January 2022

Aim: To find out association of herpes zoster and changes in disease course like incidence of post-herpetic neuralgia with Covid-19 vaccination. Study design: Cross-sectional, observational study. Place and duration of study: Outpatient Department of Dermatology, CMH and PEMH Rawalpindi from 1st January 2021 to 30th September 2021. Methodology: Seventy three patients presenting with herpes zoster selected by convenience sampling after their verbal and written consent. Demographics, Covid-19 vaccination history, type of vaccination, dermatome effected, co-morbids and presence of post herpetic neuralgia were recorded in them. Results: Mean age of participants was 48.09±15.73 years with 50 (68.5%) were males and 23 (31.5%) were females. 33 (45.2%) were vaccinated and 36 (49.3%) were non-vaccinated against covid-19. Maximum patients were vaccinated with Sinopharm i.e. 19(57.6%).8 (24.2%) patients developed the lesions after first dose and 25(75.8%) after 2nd dose of vaccination. Conclusion: Herpes zoster risk is increased with covid-19 vaccination. Key words: Herpes Zoster, Covid-19 vaccination
A Study on Diabetic Retinopathy Detection Using Image Processing
Authors:   Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences (Deemed to be University), Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India., P Manimegalai , P K Jayalakshmi ,   Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences (Deemed to be University), Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India.
Published: January 2022

This study provides an overview of the Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) detection in human eyes utilizing various preprocessing and segmentation approaches. There are various ways for segmenting the blood veins in the retina. It is possible to determine whether or not the eyes have DR if the retinal nerve fibers have been segmented. This detection is determined by the location of the Retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL). DR affects nerve fibers with a small total area. If the nerve fiber is large, the eyes are not damaged by DR and thus it is healthy. It is a prominent truth that diabetes has a significant impact on human health and damage every organ, including the eyes. Because the optical nerve is linked to the brain, this DR will influence vision loss in humans. Images of the retinal fundus are frequently utilized to detect and analyze diseases on infected images. Machine learning algorithms struggle to analyze raw retinal fundus images. As a result, a survey is being conducted in this area. In this way, the most current works by diverse authors from across the world are presented in this context. DR is one of the severe infections that may occur in the eyes. According to the WHO – United Nations study, this disease is the second most common among humans. As a result, eye care must be given top priority. This disease is caused by a decrease in the nerve layer of the retina. If the RNFL shrinks, the optic nerve that connects to the brain gets damaged, resulting in vision loss. This document just provides a basic overview of diabetic retinopathy.
Pemanfaatan Web and Mobile Based Test Untuk Optimalisasi Ujian Online dan Metode Multi RNG Sebagai Pola pengacakan Soal Di SMAIP Adzkia Dalam Menghadapi Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Nofriansyah Dicky , Prayudha Jaka , Nurarif Saiful , Zulkarnain Iskandar , Syahril Muhammad
Published: January 2022

Pandemi Covid-19 mengakibatkan sekolah-sekolah melaksanakan pembelajaran daring. Seluruh elemen pembelajaran dilaksanakan secara daring baik penyampaian materi ajar, tugas, maupun ujian. Sekolah-sekolah saat ini banyak mempersiapkan Learning Management System (LMS) salah satunya adalah ujian online. Ujian online ini dibutuhkan agar pelaksanaannya dapat di lakukan secara daring di rumah siswa. Ujian online ini dapat menyelesaikan permasalahan orang tua dan siswa di dalam upaya menerapkan protokol kesehatan yaitu menghindari kerumunan. Ujian online yang dilakukan juga mengadopsi Metode Multi Random Number Generator yang diharapkan dapat melakukan pengacakan soal sehingga siswa yang ujian pada waktu bersamaan tidak dapat bekerjasama dikarena soal yang muncul berbeda satu dengan yang lain pada waktu yang sama. Hasil dari pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah sebuah manajemen sistem pembelajaran yang mampu mengatasi masalah sekolah, orang tua, dan siswa dalam proses ujian harian, ujian mingguan, ujian tengah semester dan ujian semester. Diharapkan manajemen sistem pembelajaran yang dibangun menjadi solusi bagi sekolah-sekolah yang menerapkan pembelajaran secara daring.Kata kunci: Covid-19, Sekolah Daring, Web Based Test, Ujian Online, LMS
Identify Social Determinants of Health Related to Ambulatory Care Sensitive Conditions: Decreasing Hospitalizations and Emergency Department Visits
Authors: Gjini Maria , Khan Nasim , Vuljaj Gjovana , Stefanovski Adriana , Kaminski Abbey , Weber Brooke , Dean Caress
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Ambulatory care sensitive conditions (ACSCs) have been linked to higher emergency room and hospitalization rates. Research suggests social determinants of health (SDOH) may play a role; however, there is a limited understanding of the relationship between ACSCs and SDOH. This study's objective was to examine the relationship between structural and intermediary SDOH and chronic ACSC status among United States adults (U.S.).
Methods: Data were drawn from the 2017 Behavioral Risk Surveillance System for 12 states and U.S. territories that completed the SDOH module (N= 111,828). Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression analysis identified SDOH associated with a chronic ACSC status.
Results: More than 45% of participants had a chronic ACSC. Individuals with ACSCs had higher odds of reporting their neighborhood as unsafe (AOR=1.25; 95%CI=1.05-1.49) than those who reported their neighborhood as extremely safe. Similarly, participants with ACSCs were significantly more likely to report challenges paying their utilities/rent/mortgage (AOR=1.18; 95%CI=1.03-1.36) than to report not experiencing challenges. 
Conclusions: To address chronic ACSCs, intersectoral public policies are warranted to diminish educational inequalities and racial disparities. This population would also benefit from community-based interventions that connect them to local resources that reduce stress and improve their financial stability and neighborhood safety level.
Makna Kehadiran Dalam Kancah Revolusi Industri 4.0
Authors: Yulius Martinus Irwan
Published: January 2022

Perkembangan jaman terutama gelombang Revolusi Industri 4.0 membawa perubahan yang begitu besar di semua dimensi kehidupan tanpa terkecuali karya kerasulan gereja, secara khusus pastoral care. Segala perubahan dan perkembangan selalu memunculkan tantangan-tantangan baru yang harus direspon secara benar dan bijak. Perkembangan tehnologi yang besar ini membawa dampak yang besar terhadap sense of connectivity dalam relasi antar manusia; sebaliknya jaman ini mereduksi makna kehadiran personal karena seseorang tidak perlu hadir secara fisik untuk menjalin relasi dengan orang lain. Justru dalam situasi ini, manusia kehilangan makna terdalam sebuah kehadiran; hal ini akan diperdalam dalam konteks pelayanan Pastoral Care yang sungguh mengedepankan sebuah kehadiran personal. Selain itu,  tantangan lain yang merupakan produk dari perkembangan yang akan digagas dalam refleksi ini adalah sikap empati yang sebenarnya tidak langsung merujuk pada kehadiran namun merujuk pada sebuah way of life yang harus dibangun dalam menumbuhkan relasi antar manusia.
Partisipasi Umat Lingkungan St. Maria Mengunjungi Elisabet Terhadap Nyanyian Liturgi Ekaristi Di Paroki MDKS MALANG
Authors: Tarihoran Emmeria , Suyanto Fiktus
Published: January 2022

Partisipasi umat dalam nyanyian liturgi membutuhkan kesadaran dan keaktifan. Nyanyian liturgi merupakan bagian penting dalam membantu umat dalam merayakan liturgi, karena nyanyian memiliki kedudukan yang tidak terpisahkan dalam liturgi Ekaristi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan partisipasi umat Santa Maria mengunjungi Elisabeth dalam nyanyian Liturgi Ekaristi. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif. Jumlah sampel 72 terdiri dari 35 laki-laki dan 37 perempuan. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner terbuka dan tertutup. Pengolahan data menggunakan F Persen dan Scoring. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa partisipasi dalam nyanyian proprium kategori baik, dengan skor rata-rata 3,96. Partisipasi nyanyian pada kategori ordinarium sangat baik, dengan skor rata-rata 4,21. Partisipasi dalam  mazmur tanggapan dan ayat pengantar Injil, menunjukkan kategori sangat baik dengan rata-rata skor 4,24. Pada bidang penilaian diri keikutsertaan nyanyian liturgi Ekaristi menunjukkan kategori baik dengan skor rata-rata 4,03. Kesadaran partisipasi umat bernyanyi dari awal hingga akhir lagu Ekaristi menunjukkan kategori baik, dengan skor 3,66. Faktor penghambat tidak tahu lagunya, lagunya susah, lagunya tidak Puji Syukur dengan persentase 56%. Sedangkan faktor pendukung yaitu mengetahui lagunya mudah mengetahui lagunya dengan persentase 43,66%. Kesimpulan keseluruhan mengenai keikutsertaan umat dalam nyanyian ekaristi liturgi di Bangsal St. Maria Mengunjungi Elisabeth berada pada kategori baik, dengan skor rata-rata 4,03.
تقييم دور برامج تأهيل الشباب في تحقيق التنمية المستدامة دراسة تحليليّة - وزارة العمل بقطاع غزة
Authors: مزهر رمزي , العكش علاء
Published: January 2022

سعت الدراسة إلى تقييم دور برامج تأهيل الشباب في تحقيق التنمية المستدامة دراسة تحليلية على وزارة العمل بقطاع غزة، وكان ‏مجتمع الدراسة لفئة من الشباب المستفيدين من خدمات التدريب، واعتمد الباحثان المهني المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، وذلك لمناسبته لطبيعة الدراسة ‏التحليلية, وكانت أداة الدراسة تعتمد على أسلوب تحليل المحتوى وذلك بتحليل مضمون مجموعة من الوثائق والتقارير الصادرة من الجهات ‏الحكومية ذات العلاقة، وقد تم إعادة تنظيم البيانات وذلك بعد أن تم تحليلها وفق أهداف الدراسة، والخلوص الى مؤشرات ذات دلالة بعد تحليل ‏الوثائق المنشورة، وكان من أهم النتائج أن معظم البرامج التدريبية المهنية وبرامج التشغيل المؤقت التي تقدمها وزارة العمل للشباب لا تعتمد بالأساس ‏على موازنات حكومية بل على مساعدات خارجية، كما اتضح أن التدريب المهني والتقني بسوق العمل لا ينسجم ومسارات التنمية المستدامة لاعتماده ‏بالأساس على منح خارجية، كذلك تبين أن برامج التدريب المهني للشباب في وزارة العمل لا تغطي كافة توجهات التعليم والتدريب التقني ذو التكنولوجيا ‏الحديثة، كما تبين وجود فجوة كبيرة ما بين برامج تدريب وتأهيل الشباب وتحقيق التنمية المستدامة بغزة بسبب عدم الموائمة ما بين احتياجات ‏السوق ومخرجات التعليم المهني خاصة في التقنيات التكنولوجية الحديثة، وأوصت الدراسة على ضرورة إعداد خطة استراتيجية لإعادة هيكلة ‏الوظائف لإيجاد فرص عمل للمهنيين وأيضاً العمل على تجديد وابتكار دورات تدريبية مهنية تتفق وتوجهات سوق العمل والتكنولوجيا الحديثة ‏وتدعم مسارات التنمية المستدامة.‏
Factors Influencing Customer Relationship Management System Adoption in Palestinian Small and Medium Enterprises: Experts Verification using Interquartile Range
Authors: Salah Omar , Alzaghal Qadri
Published: January 2022

Customer relationship management (CRM) refers to the practices, strategies, and technologies used by firms and businesses to manage and analyze customer interactions and data through the customer lifecycle. The main purpose of this study is to explore the influences of determinant factors on CRM adoption in Palestinian small and medium enterprises. This article summarizes the findings of previous studies that analyze the challenges associated with CRM utilization and Adoption.  More than 100 studies were examined to find the primary variables for effective CRM adoption in various regions to discover the main aspects that influence the success of CRM adoption. The findings of this study show that the compatibility, information technology infrastructure, complexity, relative advantage, security, top management support, information policies, employee engagement, financial resources, customer pressure, and competitive pressure may all be used to predict CRM adoption among Palestinian SMEs. The study has implications for policymakers and top-level managers of SMEs to structure their activities in relation to CRM adoption based on the level of the factors examined.
The Impact of System Quality Dimensions on Trust in Mobile Commerce Adoption Intention: Palestinian Customer’s Viewpoint
Authors: Herzallah Fadi
Published: January 2022

Several pieces of evidence evince that system quality is closely and importantly related to the use of the system in previous empirical work and studies chiefly in the mobile commerce (M-Commerce) systems. At present, in light of the marketing needs related to services and products, M-Commerce is regarded as the major method and channel to use in this area. Yet, it is contended that as system quality’s significance is unquestionable, it is a new area that still needs much exploration. Against this, this study aims at examining the system quality dimensions’ impact on customer trust in M-Commerce by adapting the information systems (IS) success model. Due to the nature of the study, the quantitative method, alongside a questionnaire is employed to collect data. The findings show that the dimensions of the system quality consisting of perceived ease of use, flexibility, accessibility, visibility, and responsiveness have a great and positive contribution to the customer trust in M-Commerce while the customer trust has a great impact on the intention to use. The findings are favorably used by M-Commerce system service providers and policymakers to articulate related strategies to increase customers' trust and by academians and researchers to develop, evaluate, and increase shreds of research and studies related to system quality and trust in M-Commerce fields in Palestine. At last, the theoretical and practical implications, findings, limitations, and recommendations for future work are also presented in the last sections of the study.
تقييم العلاقة الارتباطية بين المخاطر الائتمانية ومؤشرات السلامة المصرفية (دراسة تطبيقية في المصارف التجارية الفلسطينية للفترة 2012-2019)
Authors: عوض عزمي
Published: January 2022

تهدف الدراسة إلى تقييم العلاقة الارتباطية بين المخاطر الائتمانية ومؤشرات السلامة المصرفية باعتبارها الأدوات التي تسهم في تحقيق الاستقرار المالي والنقدي، ونظراً للتطورات المصاحبة للنشاط المصرفي من مخاطر تمويلية وأزمات مالية فقد حظيت دراسة هذه القضايا اهتمام العديد من الباحثين والمصرفيين، واستخدم الباحث أسلوب المنهج الوصفي التحليلي ودراسة الحالة لتحقيق أهداف الدراسة، وتكونت عينة الدراسة من كافة المصارف التجارية الفلسطينية المحلية للفترة الممتدة من العام 2012-2019، وقد توصلت الدراسة إلى إثبات الفرضيات القائلة بوجود علاقة ارتباطية ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى الدالة (α ≤ 0.05) بين مؤشر المخاطر الائتمانية ومؤشرات السلامة المصرفية في المصارف التجارية الفلسطينية باستخدام معامل الارتباط Pearson correlation، كما اتضح من نتائج تحليل الانحدار المتعدد عن جود تأثير ذو دلالة إحصائية بين مؤشر المخاطر الائتمانية ومؤشرات السلامة المصرفية، وأوصت الدراسة أن تقوم المصارف الفلسطينية بإجراء تقييم دوري لدرجة ومستوى المخاطر الائتمانية وربطها بمؤشرات السلامة المصرفية ونشر تلك النتائج ضمن تقاريرها السنوية، كما أوصت الدراسة بأن يكون هناك تنوع في محفظة المصارف الفلسطينية لتشمل كافة القطاعات الاقتصادية لتلافي حدوث الأزمات المصرفية، وبتعزيز وتقوية رؤوس أموالها بهدف إيجاد توازن في هيكلية رأس المال حفاظاً على أمن وسلامة القطاع المصرفي.
Photovoltaic system to improve energy efficiency
Authors: Carrillo Dolores Elina Amen , Flores Napoleón Ovidio Beltrán , Roman Jose Fabian Jumbo , Medranda Mishel Beatriz Barcia , Alvarado Carlos Alexander Hoppe
Published: January 2022

Renewable energy sources are generation alternatives that can be used for different applications; Systems that take advantage of photovoltaic solar energy can be used to reduce energy demand during daytime hours, electrification of isolated homes, among other applications. In Ecuador there is a high potential for solar radiation, which can also be applied to project systems connected to the electricity grid or in the form of distributed generation, the objective of the research is to demonstrate the potential for solar radiation that affects the province of Manabí, specifically in the site "El Aromo" in the rural area of the city of Manta there is a land that provides the necessary conditions for the installation of a photovoltaic plant, for the development of the work the bibliographic review method was applied, the inductive deductive and synthesis analysis, the results that can be used were obtained from the installation that exists as a base of the 140 houses that consist in the field that belonged to the old project of Refinery del Pacífico.
Evolution of the concept of sustainable development and its applicability in Ecuador
Authors: Arvelo María Giuseppina Vanga , Pérez Antonio Vázquez , Martín María Lourdes Piñero , Rivera Edwin Roger Esteban
Published: January 2022

Sustainable development has become one of the most important issues related to the quality of life and the future of humanity and, although it is a term associated with the environmental area, it is closely linked to the growth of humanity evolving into more conscious beings. The main objective of this article is to review how this concept has evolved and how it is linked to the processes and uses of clean energy in favor of making use of it as a life model. The results indicate that there has been progressing in terms of government efforts, although there is still a long way to go. It is concluded the most appropriate sustainability model to follow is the one that links the social, economic, and cultural dimensions, without neglecting the participation of the actors and taking the environment as an actor that exercises and has established its rights established in the Constitution of Ecuador.
Okra (Abelmoschus Esculentus) As Food Substitute to Increase Fiber and Protein Content of Fungal Fermented Food
Authors: Rini Dian Yustika , Aji Arif Sabta , Aprilia Veriani , Herawati Herni Dwi , Novita Rosi , Arifin Syuja Rafiqi
Published: January 2022

Fungal fermented foods, such as tempe, are nutritious, affordable, and a good source of protein. Nuggets are known as chicken-based ultra-processed food. However, Tempe as raw materials is rarely processed. The combination of Tempe nuggets and additional Okra could improve the nutritional content such as protein and fiber. The current study aimed to investigate the correlation between additional Okra in Tempe nuggets product and nutritional content, and sensory characteristics of fungal fermented food. Experimental design research was conducted from May to July 2019. A total of three treatments and three repetitions were carried out to develop this product including A1 (85% Okra and 15% Tempe flour), A2 (75% Okra and 25% Tempe flour), and A3 (65% Okra and 35% Tempe flour). Semi-trained panelists were selected to perform the sensory test. Protein and fiber of produce were assessed by Kjeldahl method and the soxhlet method. The results indicated that Okra substitution was significantly liking of the color, taste, and aroma of the product (p<0.05), but not in texture indicator (p=0.06). The protein content of the product increased significantly in the A3 formulation. However, the fiber content had no significant difference between Tempe and Okra substitution (p=0.38). Okra has potential dietary food substitution to increase the protein of the fungal fermented food product. The combination formula of Tempe and Okra has a significant impact on the level of preference in color, flavor, and aroma of the Tempe nugget product. Future researches are required to confirm this finding and contribute to the development of Tempe nugget product.
Latitude and Skimming Process Effect on Cow’s Milk Content in Essential Inorganic Elements
Authors: Chrysostomos Milis
Published: January 2022

The objective of this study was to determine the mineral variation of cow’s milk as affected by latitude (north or south Europe; reflecting different feeding practices, i.e. grazing or not), and manufacturing process (different fat content). The mineral content of milk is particularly important to the infant food formula industry, whilst milk products cover a significant proportion of adult requirements in inorganic elements. Milk samples of pasteurized full fat milk were taken according to the origin of milk; southern Europe or north Europe during autumn; reflecting different feeding practices. Additionally, milk samples with different fat content 0, 1.5 and 3.5% were taken during the year, from manufacturing milk supplies. The elements determined were Ca, Mg, Zn, Mn, Cu, Fe by the use of atomic absorption spectroscopy, and P was determined through UV-VIS spectrophotometer. Milk fat removal significantly increased the macro mineral content Ca, P, and Mg. Manufacturing process did not affect micro element content. Latitude did not have significant impact on the content of macro minerals, but significant effect on Cu and Mn content. Higher Cu content in milk of south origin was probably related to higher concentrate to forage ratio fed. Higher Mn content in milk of north origin could be attributed to hay or/and drinking water of high industrialized countries. The elements Zn and Fe were not affected by manufacturing process neither by latitude. It was concluded that only Cu can be substantially manipulated through animal nutrition. Food composition tables should be updated as macro inorganic element content of milk is reduced gradually corresponding to higher yielding cows, whilst trace element content tend to increase as a result of higher proportion of concentrates fed.
Education and Training for the Rapid Response System: Courses or Bedside?
Authors: Rubulotta Francesca
Published: January 2022

The first consensus conference on rapid response systems defined four main components namely, the afferent arm, (to identify the deteriorating patient and escalate care), the efferent arm (the responding team), a process improvement arm, and an administrative arm [1]. As a consequence, it is possible to assume that there are at least four different teams to educate and train in every established rapid response system [1]. Members of each of the four arms have different background and expectations. These teams need also to be able to integrate their knowledge in order to deliver an efficient patientcentred care. The evidence shows that there are different ways to structure a rapid response system to rescue deteriorating patients in the ward in hospitals around the world [1,2]. Moreover, the efferent arm responding to the calls needs to work efficiently engaging different health care professionals around the hospital. It is intuitive that there are no unique answers to the question “are courses better than bedside teaching?” There are multiple levels of education and training that should be offered. Knowledge must be also maintained, and this could be achieved using again either courses or bedside teaching. The goal of this manuscript is to identify the needs and the limitations of training and education provided to an established rapid response system. A structured rapid response system means a configuration reflecting the four arms defined by the experts during the first consensus conference [1]. Principles of adult learning will be presented in the context of education and training using both courses or bedside tutoring. Technology will be acknowledged given the enormous contribution that this has given to improve the activation rate and the performance of the rapid response system. Luckily, bedside teaching can be integrated with alternative solutions such as immersive learning, virtual reality and simulation This possibility is relevant in relation to time limitation during training and high costs of dedicated study time. This manuscript will explore solutions to face challenges based on rapid response systems specific needs.
Simulation of Total Dry Matter Production of (Glycine Max L. Merrill) Under Weed Management Practices
Authors:   Assistant Professor and Deputy of the Agriculture Faculty, Bamyan University, Bamyan, Afghanistan., Mohammadi Dr. Hossein , Ghulami Hassan Rahnaward ,   Assistant Professor in the Natural Science Faculty, Bamyan University, Bamyan, Afghanistan., Rezaei Dr. Abdul Qayom ,   Assistant Professor and Dean of Agriculture Faculty, Bamyan University, Bamyan, Afghanistan.
Published: January 2022

An investigation on “Weed Management and Crop Growth Modeling in Soybean” was carry out on red sandy loam soil at UAS, Main Research Station, Hebbal, Bangalore during Rabi 2010 (September to December). The weed control practices included in the study were i) Pendimethalin 30 EC 1.0 kg a.i./ha – 3 days after sowing, ii) Imazethapyr 10 SL 100 g a.i./ha – 20 days after sowing, iii) Quizalofop-p-ethyl 5 EC 50 g a.i./ha – 20 days after sowing, iv) Chlorimuron ethyl 25 WP 6 g a.i./ha – 20 days after sowing, v) Hand weeding (20 & 40 DAS) and vi) un-weeded control. The experiment was designed as RCBD with four replications. Growth models – Richards, Logistic, Cubic polynomial and Quadratic polynomial simulated the course of dry matter production/plant by >97per cent under all weed management practices, indicating that weed competition did not alter the pattern of crop growth, but affected the total production substantially.
Fatores associados a quedas em idosos socorridos pelo Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência – SAMU 192
Authors: Ribeiro da Silva Thaís Kellen , Dos Reis Martins Isadora , Amaral dos Santos Johann Peter , França Vieira Leonardo , Duarte Neto Caio , Carrupt Machado Sogame Luciana
Published: January 2022

A queda é o principal evento traumático na população geriátrica. Objetivo: Verificar a prevalência e os fatores associados a quedas de idosos socorridos pelo SAMU. Método: Estudo transversal com coleta retrospectiva de informações de 861 pacientes idosos, a partir de amostra sistemática dos Boletins de Ocorrência dos Atendimentos Pré-Hospitalares do Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência (SAMU 192), no estado do Espírito Santo, em 2015. Coletaram-se informações quanto: idade, sexo, região de domicílio, do atendimento (período da semana, turno da solicitação, gravidade presumida pelo Médico Regulador, gravidade real, tipo de recurso enviado e desfecho da ocorrência). Foram realizados o Teste Qui-quadrado e o Resíduo do Qui-quadrado. Resultados: A prevalência de quedas foi de 14,6%, sendo mais comum a queda da própria altura (78,6%). As vítimas possuíam, em sua maioria, de 60 a 79 anos (65,7%) e eram do sexo feminino (51,7%), foram atendidos durante a semana (71,9%), no turno diurno (63,5%), apresentaram classificação amarela (57,1%), tiveram maior risco (51,3%), receberam o auxílio do suporte básico (74,6%) e foram transportados para um serviço de saúde (71,4%). Os fatores associados às quedas (p<0,001) a classificação amarela, menor risco de gravidade real, envio de suporte básico e transporte ao final do atendimento. Conclusão: A prevalência de quedas foi de 14,6%. O perfil dos idosos vítimas de quedas mostrou-se idêntico aos que foram atendidos por outras causas. Entretanto, comportaram-se como fatores associados à queda: menor risco na gravidade real, gravidade presumida amarela, envio de suporte básico e transporte para serviço de saúde.
Eleocharis Acutangula (Roxb.) Schult. (Cyperaceae): A New Record for Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Authors: Kamble Mayur
Published: January 2022

Eleocharis acutangula (Roxb.) Schult., is reported for the first time from Andaman & Nicobar Islands. A brief description with photographs of the species is provided for easy identification.
An Exotic Tree Species Senna Spectabilis (DC.) Irwin & Barneby (Caesalpiniaceae) – Naturalized in Tamil Nadu and Kerala
Authors: Satyanarayana P. , Gnanasekaran G.
Published: January 2022

Senna spectabilis (DC.) Irwin & Barneby is a tropical American species collected from the forests of Southern Western Ghats. It is reported here as an addition to the flora of Tamil Nadu and Kerala. The detailed description with an illustration and photographs are provided.
Convolvulus L. (Convolvulaceae) - A New Generic Record to Kerala
Authors: Joseph M. A. , Antony V. T. , Krishnaraj M. V.
Published: January 2022

Convolvulus L. is newly recorded for Kerala with Convolvulus arvensis L., as the representative taxon.
Hepaticae and Anthocerotae in Visakhapatnam District of Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: Sowghandika M. , Nagesh K.S. , Rani S. , Susheela B. , Pullaiah T.
Published: January 2022

The present study revealed that 26 taxa of Hepaticae and Anthocerotae belonging to 15 families have been distributed in different hilly regions of Visakhapatnam district.
Structure and Floristic Composition of Tree Diversity in Andaman Tropical Evergreen Forest of Middle Andaman, India
Authors: Saravanan S. , Ravichandran K. , Balasubramanian A. , Paneerselvam K.
Published: January 2022

A study was conducted to analyze diversity richness and correlation between different diversity richness at species level. Nine Quadrates of 10 x 10m sample plots were laid out randomly and enumerated the trees for various studies. Species wise Importance Value Index, Shannon-Weiner Index, Simpson Index were calculated. Tree density varies from 11.11 to 144.44 ha-1 with the average basal area of 608.30 m2/ha-1. The Shannon-Weiner Index (H') ranges from 0.061 to 0.314. The Simpson Index varies from 0.00021 to 0.0355. The Margalef Species Richness Index varies from 3.65 to 56.54. Further, the relative density (1.45 to 18.84), relative frequency (2 to 14) and relative dominance (0.21 to 23.70) were studied in the Andaman tropical evergreen forest, Middle Andaman. The population density of tree species across girth class intervals shows that 61.20% of the trees (41 individuals) belongs to 30-60 cm gbh followed by 11.9% of the trees under the 60-90 cm gbh, 7.50% of trees under 90-120 cm gbh, 8.96 % of individuals in 150-180 cm gbh, 5.97% of individuals in 180-210 gbh category and only 4.5% in >300 cm gbh category. The present study can serve as baseline information for long term monitoring and sustaining the phyto-diversity of Andaman tropical evergreen forest in Middle Andamans.
Crotalaria Clarkei Gamble (Fabaceae) - A New Record for Madhya Pradesh
Authors: Tiwari Arjun , Ansari Anis
Published: January 2022

Crotalaria clarkei Gamble, an endemic and rare species known only from South India and Maharashtra is reported for the first time from Madhya Pradesh.
Multimedia Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab Berbasis Blog, Website, dan Facebook
Authors: Ihkam Mohammad
Published: January 2022

The urgent development of information technology has transformed the concept of computer-based education, information technology-based education. Information technology can integrate computers, the internet and other information system facilities into a tool that empowers the teaching and learning process to be more creative, innovative, and competitive. The use of Information Technology for education will shift the nature of university introvert to a more proactive extroversion. Likewise with smaller educational units such as faculties, departments, study programs, even for teachers and students. Therefore, the authors see the importance of developing Arabic language learning based on blogs, websites and Facebook, and the like. In order to attract the interest of the Islamic community, especially to learn Arabic.
Multimedia can be defined as a collection of computer-based media and communication systems that have a role to build, store, deliver and receive information in the form of text, graphics, audio, video, and so on. Multimedia learning Arabic can be interpreted as a multimedia application used in the Arabic learning process.
Blogs, websites, and Facebook can be used as Arabic learning media.For educational institutions, technology in blogs, websites and Facebook can be used as a medium to further improve the quality of distance learning. Multimedia support and the development of media in the internet world are increasingly helping to realize interactive learning, even though it doesn't meet physically.
Salafi dan Sikapnya Terhadap Penguasa
Authors: Haris Ainul
Published: January 2022

Saat ini, gerakan salafi menjadi sorotan. Hal itu tidak lepas dari berbagai peristiwa pengeboman yang oleh sebagian pengamat disinyalir dilakukan oleh kelompok salafi. Terakhir dan mudah-mudahan ini benarbenar menjadi peristiwa pengeboman terakhir di Indonesia- masyarakat Indonesia dan dunia dikagetkan oleh pengeboman hotel JW. Marriot dan Ritz Carlton di Jakarta pada hari Jum'at, 17 Juli 2009. Salah seorang mantan anggota DPR, yang juga mantan intelejen, Soeripto dalam suatu wawancara di MetroTV selepas peristiwa pengeboman hotel JW. Marriot dan Ritz Carlton mengatakan, pemerintah perlu mewaspadai kelompok salafi. Meski tidak secara langsung, Soeripto memang sedang mengarahkan opini bahwa orang-orang salafi patut dicurigai sebagai pelaku pengeboman tersebut. Salafi sendiri sebagai sebuah gerakan dan atau manhaj (cara memahami agama) tidaklah tunggal. Secara umum, salafi di Indonesian ada dua "madzhab". Yang pertama adalah salafi jihadi yang fokus kegiatannya pada aksi jihad demikian mereka menamakan- yang dalam implementasinya disinyalir banyak melakukan kegiatan terorisme dan pengeboman. Yang kedua adalah salafi arus utama yang menentang konsep jihad menurut salafi jihadi. "Madzhab" salafi arus utama lebih menfokuskan pada bidang pendidikan dan dakwah yang damai serta menghindari hingar-bingar politik.