bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kobzarism in Soviet Ukraine in Personalities
Authors: Yesypok Volodymyr , Broiako Nadiia
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the research is to reveal the methods and means of popularising the art of kobza and bandura in the conditions of strict censorship of the Soviet reality, educating professional musicians and patriots of their country in opposition to the communist ideology, using the example of the life and work of the outstanding figure of Ukrainian culture Anatolii Hrytsai (1 January 1931, Zhovtneve village, Koropskyi district, Chernyhiv region – 12 September 2003, Rivne). The research methodology is based on the use of a number of methods, including systematic and analytical, as well as historical, biographical analysis, and generalization methods. The scientific novelty of the study is based on the specification of specific regulations and facts of the life and work of A. Hrytsai. Conclusions. The study analyses the memories of A. Hrytsai’s students, colleagues, and friends, his poetic and compositional works, the formation of the bandura solo and ensemble repertoire, the comparison with similar examples of other musical genres, the use of kobza traditions in performance practice, and pedagogical achievements.
Pronóstico de la provisión azucarera agroindustrial en Matanzas, Cuba
Authors:   Instituto de Investigaciones de la Caña de Azúcar de Santiago de Cuba, García-López Yasmany , González-Sáez Lourdes Yamen ,   Universidad de Matanzas, Cabrera-Hernández Juan Alfredo ,   Universidad de Matanzas
Published: December 2024

El pronóstico de la provisión azucarera puede ser un instrumento fundamental en la toma de decisiones y en el manejo inteligente de recursos para contribuir con la sostenibilidad de la agroindustria azucarera. Para ello, en el presente trabajo se abordó, como caso de estudio, el análisis del registro histórico del procesamiento industrial de la caña de azúcar en el municipio Calimete, provincia Matanzas, Cuba. Se consideró, en el período de 2004 a 2021, a los kilogramos de azúcar por toneladas de tallos molidos, como indicador de provisión azucarera y se ajustó un modelo ARIMA estacional, con una escala trimestral. El modelo cumplió con los criterios de diagnóstico y de validación. A través del análisis de series de tiempo, se pudo pronosticar el indicador de provisión azucarera, a partir de su comportamiento histórico, lo que puede contribuir a la prevención o mitigación de escenarios futuros no deseados.
Particle Entanglement With the Observer’s Polarized Dual Consciousness — A Modified Stern Gerlach Experiment, as Proof
Authors: Pletcher Arthur
Published: December 2024

A profound and novel theory that particle observation is DUAL, involving two minds (per Post-corpus callosotomy experiments) and a mathematical model of consciousness as positive reinforcement loops, which ultimately collapse to a single state (in correspondence with the particle and subsequently the local environment). This concept is very much analogous to the classic space polarization (political and ideological) which we observe daily in society, as well as power distributions in nature.

The mathematical description of decreasing Shannon entropy, increasing potential energy, Jarzynski equality, and random information exchange probability is compared with Von Neuman entropy during Quantum Entanglement and collapse.

A SIMPLE AND INEXPENSIVE PROOF OF THIS THEORY IS PROPOSED (SECTION 5), USING A MODIFIED STERN-GERLACH EXPERIMENT.

The value of this model is how it eloquently explains the logical inconsistencies of the Two-State Experiments (Section 4), as the observer undergoes a profound change in each observed orientation.
Are the Member States of the European Union Converging or Diverging Demographically?
Authors: Drabancz Áron
Published: December 2024

In our study, we have compared the demographic processes in the Member States that joined the European Union before and after 2004 with the variables total fertility rate, life expectancy, net migration and old-age dependency ratio. The demographic prospects for the new Member States are bleak, with high emigration and low total fertility rates, which may make ageing problems more pronounced among the Member States joining after 2004 than among those that joined earlier. Our cluster analysis has shown that the newly acceding countries, both in 2004 and today, show some degree of separation from the centre countries in terms of the demographic variables examined, but the stability of the clusters is relatively low depending on the methodologies used.
Too Little Too Late?
Authors: Zalai Csaba
Published: December 2024

Demographic trends in developed countries are marked by low birth rates and rising life expectancy in the last decades, as a result their population is shrinking and aging. Demographic change has always existed throughout history, but the extent of these shifts is unprecedented and will require major socioeconomic adjustments in many countries. The European Union (EU) is unfortunately one of those hit hardest by demographic change: Europe is the only continent that is expected to have a population decline until 2070, and even more alarmingly, the EU’s working-age population (20–64 years) is projected to decrease by around 20% during the same period, while the share of older age groups (65 years or older) in its total population will be the second highest globally among large economies. This will not only have a major impact on the EU’s position in the world, as population and economic size play an important role in the world’s power structures, but it will also lead to a number of significant negative consequences that have the potential to undermine its economic and social model. In addition, demographic challenges will affect EU Member States to a different degree, as there are substantial differences between and within countries, which, if not addressed adequately, will aggravate existing economic, social and territorial disparities and create political divisions. Therefore, while most of the matters associated with demographic change still remain within the exclusive competence of Member States, the EU is increasingly active in addressing these challenges ranging from areas such as pension and employment policies or issues related to health and long-term care to education policies. The aim of this article is first to give an insight into the most recent demographic trends in the EU, as well as their main economic and social consequences in order to provide a basis for better understanding the magnitude of the challenge.
VALIDATION OF CORROSION STATUS OF SOME ROOFING SHEETS UTILIZED IN GOMBE METROPOLIS
Authors: Usman Y. M. , Mohammed A. B. , Muzakir M. M. , Madaki L. A. , Modibbo U. U.
Published: December 2024

The study was aim at investigation the level of corrosion on roofing sheets utilized in Gombe where acid and alkaline medium immersion test of 25 days showed that light zinc (0.15 mm) sample decreased in weight from 0.03g to 0.04 g while the 2.0mm zinc decreased in weight range of 0.01g to 0.04 g in the alkaline solution. Samples of thick aluminum (5.5 mm) and light aluminium(4.5mm) showed insignificant weight range 0.0g to 0.03 g after immersion in alkaline. In acidic medium both light and thick zinc showed greater weight lost 0.05g to 0.08g. However both the thick and light aluminium showed loss of their shiny appearance only with no renowned significant corrosion throughout the twenty-five days of immersion. XRF analysis of the oxides on the corrosion samples of 0.15mm zinc showed decreasing pattern of: Fe2O3 > SiO2.> Na2O >Al2O3 > MnO > CaO respectively. The decreasing order of the percentage of oxides on 2.0mm zinc: Fe2O3 > SiO2 .>Al2O3 > CaO > MnO oxides on 4. 5mm. Aluminium is in decreasing order of; Al2O3 > SiO2.> Fe2O3  > CaO > K2O . On the other side percentage of the oxides of 5.0mm Aluminium is Al2O3 > SiO2 > MnO respectively. Aluminium samples are more durable and resistant which indicates suitability for roofing than zinc sheets.
Discrete wavelet transform denoising method efficiency evaluation for processing pulse signals with harmonic components
Authors: Vanchak Vitalii , Melnychuk Stepan
Published: December 2024

This article reviews the problem of parameter selection for denoising methods based on the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) for processing geo-signals with various noise types and external interference, followed by evaluating the effectiveness in detecting recurring signal patterns. The study reviews the theoretical impact of denoising parameters, existing wavelet and decomposition level selection methods, publications on DWT applications in different fields, and the computational challenges of increasing decomposition levels for microcontrollers. Experimental results of DWT denoising application on field-gathered signals recorded in different environments, presented as average SNR changes for specific DWT parameter combinations. Comparison of results by decomposition levels showed gradual improvements in efficiency with certain wavelets and significant drops after specific levels in some cases due to the filtering of typical samples, which emphasizes the need to review DWT parameters only in the scope of specific parameter combinations. Notable anomalies in efficiency due to the non-stationary nature of signals and parameter resonance with noise or patterns were also observed, requiring further research. Based on the findings, the most effective parameter combinations for denoising the studied geo-signal were identified, with a particularly optimal combination of three decomposition levels, hard thresholding, and rbio3.3 wavelet, which preserved and even amplified signal energy while enabling the detection of typical fragments at distances of 120–100 meters.
Perspectives: Cultural Wealth, Co-creation, and Conversations
Authors: Tinajero-Vazquez Karen , Carr Allison
Published: December 2024

In this article, two librarians reflect on their experience as an intern and supervisor navigating traditional and antiquated norms upheld in academia. The intern, a first-generation Mexican-American student, describes the shift in her values, beliefs, and identity as she confronts the extractive practices embedded in internships, resulting in a collaborative and critical internship. The internship supervisor, a senior librarian, also reflects on her role in resisting these exploitative dynamics by using the community cultural wealth model, which recognizes the knowledge students of colour bring from their homes and communities. The intern and supervisor introduce ideas for improving the internship experience by embracing community cultural wealth, critiquing the role of neoliberal multiculturalism, and addressing the systemic extraction that hinders the professional development of marginalized students.
Controllability Analysis of Fractional-Order Delay Differential Equations via Contraction Principle
Authors: Duman Okan
Published: December 2024

This paper investigates the existence of solutions and the controllability for three distinct types of fractional-order delay differential equations, aiming to establish sufficient conditions for both existence and uniqueness while demonstrating controllability. Beginning with a fractional-order delayed system containing a nonzero control function, we apply the Banach fixed-point theorem to show that this system has a unique solution and satisfies the controllability property. Extending our analysis, we introduce an integral function with a delay term on the right-hand-side of the system, forming a more complex integro-fractional delay system. With a Lipschitz condition imposed on this newly introduced function, we establish the existence and uniqueness of solution, as well as the controllability of this system. In the final system, an integro-fractional hybrid model, an additional delayed function is embedded within the Caputo derivative operator, introducing distinct analytical challenges. Despite these complexities, we use the Banach fixed-point theorem and certain assumptions to demonstrate that the systems are controllable. Our approach is distinctive in incorporating delay functions on both sides of the related systems, which we support with theoretical results and illustrative examples. The paper outlines the fundamentals of fractional calculus, specifies the necessary assumptions, and uses fixed-point criteria to establish controllability with the existence of a solution, providing a clear framework for analyzing fractional-order control systems with delay functions.
Viipurin lukion kirjaston kokoelmaluettelo vuosilta 1805–1860 kasvatus- ja kirjahistoriallisena lähteenä
Authors: Hakkarainen Heidi
Published: December 2024

Vuonna 1805 perustettu Viipurin lukio oli Vanhan Suomen alueen ja myöhemmin Viipurin läänin merkittävä koulutusinstituutio, mutta sen kirjastosta säilyneet tiedot ovat pitkään olleet puutteellisia ja hajanaisia. Tämä artikkeli käsittelee Viipurin lukion kirjaston kokoelmaluetteloa historiallisena lähteenä, joka tarjoaa uutta tietoa Vanhan Suomen alueen kirjahistoriasta sekä kasvatuksen ja koulutuksen historiasta 1800-luvun alussa. Artikkelin päälähteenä toimii Viipurin lukion kirjaston vuodet 1805–1860 kattava kokoelmaluettelo, joka käsitti 8500 nimekettä. Artikkelin empiirinen tutkimusote pohjautuu kokoelmaluettelon lähilukemiseen ja lähdekriittiseen kontekstoimiseen. Tämä artikkeli tuo esiin lukion kirjaston merkityksen niin kansainvälisen kasvatuksellisen kirjallisuuden kuin myös varhaisen suomenkielisen lastenkirjallisuuden kokoajana ja säilyttäjänä. Kirjaston kokoelmaluettelo kertoo Viipurin kytköksistä muihin Suomen 1800-luvun alun koulutuksen keskuksiin, ja tuo uutta tietoa varsinkin lukion kirjaston roolista Turun akatemian tieteellisten tutkielmien ja varhaisen suomenkielisen kirjallisuuden kokoajana. Esitän artikkelissani, että kirjaston kokoelma ei vain palvellut lukion opetusta, vaan se kasvoi laajemmaksi itsenäiseksi kirjakokoelmaksi, joka antaa uutta tietoa erilaisista kulttuurisista, kirjallisista ja aatteellisista vaikutteista 1800-luvun alkupuolen Viipurissa.
SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW OF TRENDS AND DEVELOPMENT IN ANTIHYPERTENSIVE EFFECT OF SEAWEED RESEARCH: SCIENTOMETRIC ANALYSIS
Authors: Gazali Mohamad , Yosie Andriani  , Jasnizat Saidin  , Noraznawati Ismail
Published: December 2024

Hypertension is the most alarming disease that causes cardiovascular risk for human health Worldwide. Thus, the author has explored marine natural marine macroalgae that possess antihypertension activity to lower blood pressure. Marine macroalgae or seaweed tropical marine organisms from marine biodiversity that are distributed widely in the subtropic and tropical oceans. Marine macroalgae have a significant role in preventing hypertension risk with a unique biochemical compound that is not contained in a terrestrial plant. However, antihypertension of seaweed research using scientometric analysis is limited. This study collected scientific information from relevant literature to determine the recent development and trends regarding antihypertension of seaweed research Worldwide. Many researchers, academia, and practitioners will have a wide understanding of the recent novelty finding in seaweed prospect to prevent antihypertension disease with a scientometric analysis approach to interpret data using CiteSpace. The literature review using scientometric analysis regarding antihypertension of seaweed research from 1991 until 2022. The result showed Suetsuna K is the most influential author (sigma score =1.52, centrality score =0.24 and degree score =51). Advances in Food and Nutrition Research is the leading journal. The most popular keywords in common cluster related antihypertension of seaweed research area are seaweed, hypertension, algae, in vitro, and dietary fiber. On the other hand, various stakeholders need to know the development and trends of a marine drug for antihypertensive effect from various seaweeds or marine macroalgae.
ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIP OF INVENTIVE THINKING AND SCIENCE-RELATED ATTITUDE
Authors: Ad'hiya Eka , Haryani Maefa Eka , Edi Rodi , Sari Diah Kartika
Published: December 2024

This study aims to analyze the relationship between inventive thinking (IT) and science-related attitude (SRA). This study is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional study design. Participants in this study were 109 chemistry education students, Sriwijaya University. The instruments used in this study were an adaptation of the inventive thinking measurement instrument and an adaptation of the science-related attitude (TOSRA) measurement instrument. Data analysis was carried out using Rasch Analysis to determine the validity and reliability of the instrument, as well as to measure inventive thinking and science-related attitude, which was then analyzed using Pearson correlation analysis. The results of the validity analysis showed that the MNSQ Outfit of both instruments (IT = 1.01 and SRA = 1) was in the range of 0.5-1.5 which was classified as valid or could measure what was to be measured well. The reliability of both instruments (IT = 0.98 and SRA = 0.99) was in the range> 0.94 which was classified as special. The results of the analysis of the relationship between inventive thinking and science-related attitude show that r = 0.273 is included in the low category. This shows that the relationship between science-related students and inventive thinking is low, or in other words there is no close relationship between inventive thinking ability and science-related students. The results of the Pearson correlation analysis also show a positive sign. This shows that the relationship between inventive thinking and science-related students is also positive, or not contradictory.
KAJIAN LITERATUR MODEL PEMBELAJARAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN METAKOGNITIF PADA PEMBELAJARAN KIMIA
Authors: Pramana Arjuna , Zuni Fransiska Firnanda , Dwi Nurrohimi Erlin , Sukmawati  , Ridwansyah Muhammad , Rahmadani Agung
Published: December 2024

Dunia pendidikan sampai saat ini terus berkembang namun masih terdapat suatu masalah yaitu rendahnya hasil belajar peserta didik. Salah satu faktor yang dapat menyebabkan masalah tersebut adalah peserta didik tidak memiliki kemampuan untuk mengevaluasi dan mengatur proses kognitifnya dalam menyelesaikan suatu masalah pada pembelajaran. Sampai saat ini guru berupaya untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik yang dilakukan melalui pemberdayaan keterampilan metakognitif. Komponen yang harus dimiliki peserta didik dalam pembelajaran yaitu keterampilan untuk memproses berpikir termasuk perencanaan (regulation), pemantauan proses belajar (monitoring) dan melakukan refleksi (evaluation). Komponen tersebut dapat terlihat dalam keterampilan belajar dan proses belajar peserta didik. Kajian literatur ini menggali lebih dalam mengenai model pembelajaran yang cocok untuk meningkatkan keterampilan metakognitif pada pembelajaran kimia. Kajian literatur menggunakan tipe narrative literature review untuk mengidentifikasi model pembelajaran yang dapat meningkatkan keterampilan metakognitif pada pembelajaran kimia. Model pembelajaran kooperatif memiliki pengaruh besar dalam meningkatkan keterampilan metakognitif, model pembelajaran kooperatif yang dapat digunakan diantaranya problem based learning, inquiri terbimbing, problem solving, project based learning, dan self regulated learning.
PENERAPAN FLIPBOOK MODUL PEMBELAJARAN DENGAN PENDEKATAN STEAM UNTUK MENINGKATKAN SIKAP ILMIAH MAHASISWA
Authors: Ekaputra Firdiawan , Fuldiaratman  , Wilda Syahri
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan sikap ilmiah mahasiswa melalui penerapan flipbook modul pembelajaran dengan pendekatan STEAM. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain pra-eksperimen dengan satu kelas sampel penelitian. Mahasiswa sampel merupakan mahasiswa Universitas Jambi Program Studi Pendidikan Kimia yang mengambil mata kuliah filsafat pendidikan. Pada penelitian ini, instrumen angket digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data sikap ilmiah. Selisih data sikap ilmiah mahasiswa sebelum dan sesudah penerapan flipbook modul pembelajaran dengan pendekatan STEAM selanjutnya dilakukan uji uji t-test paired sampel untuk mengetahui dampak penerapan flipbook modul pembelajaran dengan pendekatan STEAM terhadap sikap ilmiah mahasiswa. Hasil signifikansi berdasarkan uji t-test paired sample menunjukkan 0,000. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan flipbook modul pembelajaran dengan pendekatan STEAM dapat meningkatkan sikap ilmiah mahasiswa.
BIOSINTESIS NANOPARTIKEL PERAK MENGGUNAKAN EKSTRAK AIR DAUN KECEMCEM (Spondias pinnata (L.f) Kurz.) DENGAN VARIASI KONSENTRASI EKSTRAK DAN SUHU SINTESIS
Authors: Ngurah Wijaya Putra  , Dewi Lestari Gusti Ayu
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensintesis nanopartikel perak dengan menggunakan berbagai variasi konsentrasi ekstrak dan suhu sintesis sehingga menghasilkan ukuran nanopartikel perak terkecil dan stabil. Tahap penelitian ini meliputi skrining fitokimia ekstrak air daun kecemcem, sintesis nanopartikel perak dengan konsentrasi ekstrak 0,5; 0,75 dan 1% serta suhu sintesis 25; 40 dan 60⁰C, dan karakterisasi nanopartikel perak. Hasil spektrofotometer UV-Vis menunjukkan pembentukan NPAg dengan panjang gelombang maksimum 420 nm. Hasil SEM dan TEM menunjukkan serbuk NPAg yang cenderung menggumpal dan berbentuk bulat tidak beraturan. Hasil PSA menunjukkan ukuran terkecil NPAg diperoleh 30,55 nm dengan PdI 0,497. Hasil XRD menunjukkan ukuran kristal NPAg yang disintesis adalah 0,23 nm.
PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN PENILAIAN THREE-TIER MULTIPLE CHOICE UNTUK MENGUKUR KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA PADA MATERI TERMOKIMIA
Authors: Nopita Sari Putri , Rina Elvia  , Elvinawati
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study is to develop a three-level multiple choice assessment instrument to measure critical thinking skills of students at SMA Negeri 5 Bengkulu City on thermochemical material. The development model used is the ADDIE model. The research subject is class XI MIPA 4 at SMA Negeri 5 Bengkulu City in the academic year 2022/2023. The research data were obtained from needs analysis, expert validation sheets, empirical test analysis, reliability, difficulty level, discriminatory power, distractor analysis, and analysis of students' critical thinking skills. The number of instruments developed is 20 three-tier multiple choice questions. The results of the study: (1) The three-level multiple choice test instrument on the thermochemical material developed was declared valid by the validator with a minimum CVR value of 0.78 and a CVI value of 0.91 with a very good category (2) The results of the empirical validity test carried out on 68 students and obtained 14 valid questions (3) A three-level assessment instrument with several choices that can be used to measure students' thinking skills (4) The results of the implementation of developing critical thinking skills instruments obtained 2 students with very critical categories, 2 students with critical categories, 16 students in the moderately critical category, 13 students in the less critical category, and 1 student in the uncritical category. (4) The results of the development of the three-tier multiple choice assessment instrument can be used to measure students' critical thinking skills.
PENGEMBANGAN KOMPONEN INSTRUMEN TERPADU (KIT) PRAKTIKUM KIMIA
Authors: Tiara Juliani  , Elvinawati  , Febrian Solikhin
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelayakan dari KIT praktikum, respon dan kemampuan psikomotorik peserta didik setelah menggunakan media alternatif KIT yang dikembangkan. Pengembangan KIT praktikum kimia ini menggunakan pengembangan ADDIE. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMA Negeri 9 Kota Bengkulu  dengan subjek penelitian yaitu 12 orang peserta didik kelas XI MIPA 2 untuk uji coba kelompok kecil dan seluruh peserta didik kelas XI MIPA 3 SMA Negeri 8 Kota Bengkulu dan SMA Negeri 9 Kota Bengkulu untuk uji coba kelompok besar. Instrumen pada penelitian ini yaitu lembar wawancara, angket kebutuhan peserta didik, lembar validasi, angket respon peserta didik, dan lembar penilaian psikomotorik. Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh (1) Tingkat kelayakan KIT praktikum kimia yaitu 94,05%  dengan kategori sangat valid, (2)  Hasil respon peserta didik terhadap KIT praktikum pada materi kalorimeter memperoleh persentase 89,06% dengan kategori sangat baik,  (3) Kemampuan psikomotorik peserta didik memperoleh rata-rata persentase  pada SMA Negeri 8 Kota Bengkulu sebesar 92,17% dan SMA Negeri 9 Kota Bengkulu sebesar 96,95% dengan kategori sangat baik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan KIT praktikum kimia pada materi kalorimeter telah dikembangkan sangat layak untuk digunakan dan diterapkan pada proses pembelajaran.
Klasifikasi Penyakit Daun Tomat dengan Perbandingan Fungsi Aktivasi Multi Layer Perceptron
Authors: Wahyuni Masri
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan akurasi pendeteksian penyakit daun tomat melalui kombinasi arsitektur Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) VGG-16 dan Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) dengan berbagai fungsi aktivasi. Dataset yang digunakan terdiri dari 1.000 gambar daun tomat, terbagi menjadi 10 kategori penyakit, termasuk Tomato Bacterial Spot, Early Blight, Late Blight, dan Tomato Mosaic Virus. Tiga model klasifikasi MLP diuji, masing-masing dengan fungsi aktivasi sigmoid, tanh, dan ReLU, menggunakan aplikasi Orange 3. Evaluasi dilakukan dengan metrik akurasi, presisi, dan recall melalui proses validasi silang 10-fold. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa fungsi aktivasi tanh (MLP-2) memberikan performa terbaik dengan akurasi, presisi, dan recall sebesar 0,797, diikuti oleh ReLU (MLP-3) dengan nilai 0,78, sedangkan sigmoid (MLP-1) mencatatkan performa terendah dengan akurasi 0,721. Analisis confusion matrix mengungkapkan bahwa kesalahan klasifikasi sering terjadi pada kelas dengan kemiripan visual, seperti Early Blight dan Late Blight. Model MLP-2 menunjukkan keunggulan dalam menangkap pola non-linear antar fitur, sementara MLP-3 menawarkan keseimbangan antara efisiensi dan akurasi. Kesimpulan menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi VGG-16 dan MLP dengan fungsi aktivasi tanh adalah pendekatan optimal untuk pendeteksian penyakit daun tomat. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi signifikan terhadap pengembangan sistem deteksi dini penyakit tanaman, yang berpotensi membantu peningkatan kualitas dan kuantitas produksi tomat. Teknik augmentasi data, optimasi parameter, dan pembobotan ulang kelas direkomendasikan untuk peningkatan performa lebih lanjut.
Comparison of Ocular Biometry and Refractive Measurements from Myopia Master with Lenstar and KR-1 Autorefractor
Authors: Yi Sang Un , Yum Hae Ri
Published: December 2024

Purpose: To compare axial length (AL), keratometry (K), and refractive measurements using Myopia Master, Lenstar, and KR-1 autorefractor.Methods: The study involved 44 eyes of 44 children who visited our clinic. We compared AL, flat K, steep K, mean K, and spherical equivalent (SE) measured by Myopia Master, Lenstar, and KR-1. We utilized a paired t-test and RM-ANOVA to compare mean differences and used Bland–Altman plots, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), and Pearson correlation tests for agreement analysis.Results: The mean ALs (mm) measured with Myopia Master and Lenstar were 24.59 ± 0.91 mm and 24.60 ± 0.91 mm, respectively, with no statistical differences (p = 0.085). Both the ICC and Pearson correlation coefficient were 0.999. The mean SEs (D) measured with Myopia Master and KR-1 were -3.32 ± 1.75 D and -3.18 ± 1.68 D, respectively, with significant differences (p < 0.001). The ICC was 0.996 and the Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.995. The mean K (D) values measured by Myopia Master, KR-1, and Lenstar were 43.15 ± 1.59 D, 43.38 ± 1.58 D, and 43.32 ± 1.63 D, respectively, and differed significantly (p < 0.001).Conclusions: While statistical differences emerged in SEs between Myopia Master and KR-1, the differences were not clinically significant and the tools may be used interchangeably due to their good agreement. However, measured K values differed among Myopia Master, KR-1, and Lenstar, so these tools are not interchangeable. Based on the results from paired t-tests, ICCs, and Pearson correlations, AL measurements were in good agreement between Myopia Master and Lenstar but caution should be exercised due to the wider range of measured values.
Iris Metastasis of Non-small-cell Lung Cancer Inducing Anterior Uveitis and Secondary Glaucoma
Authors: Moon Ji Yeon , In Jung Hee , Cho In Hwan
Published: December 2024

Purpose: To report an iris metastasis of non-small-cell lung cancer inducing anterior uveitis and secondary glaucoma.Case summary: A 63-year-old woman presented to our hospital with vision impairment and pain in her right eye. She had been receiving systemic chemotherapy and radiation therapy to manage non-small-cell lung cancer for 2 years. Her best-corrected visual acuities were 25/40 oculus dexter (OD) and 20/25 oculus sinister; intraocular pressure was 52 mmHg OD. Slit-lamp examination revealed multiple round iris nodules and a 1+ inflammatory response in the anterior chamber of the right eye. Despite the maximimal tolerated medical therapy and laser trabeculotomy, the intraocular pressure was not controlled. Because iris metastasis of non-small-cell lung cancer was suspected, aqueous humor cytology and iris tissue biopsy were performed. Cytological analysis did not reveal malignant cells, but histopathological examination confirmed iris metastasis of non-small-cell lung cancer. A restaging procedure for lung cancer was performed, revealing new findings of lung and pelvic bone metastasis.Conclusions: Through histopathological examination, it is possible to confirm iris metastasis of malignant tumors. Ophthalmological screening tests in lung cancer patients with ocular symptoms can facilitate rapid detection of metastasis.
Mapping the Scholarly Landscape
Authors: Mwirigi Douglas , Farkasné Fekete Mária , Borbély Csaba
Published: December 2024

Kenya is an agriculture-based economy and dairy farming is a major contributor to the national revenue. As production intensifies, the negative effect on the climate becomes more evident. Therefore, there is a need to align production with sustainable development goals. This study conducts a comprehensive bibliometric analysis to map the scholarly research landscape on Kenya's dairy sector and its alignment with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The 33 studies published from 2015 were obtained from the SCOPUS and analysed using R (Bibliometrix package) and VoS Viewer (1.6.19). The research established that since the enactment and ratification of the SDGs, there has been a marked increase in research on dairy farming sustainability in Kenya, though with significant yearly variations. Further, the study noted the predominance of small-scale dairy farming in Kenya, where the focus has traditionally been on increasing milk production, often at the expense of sustainable practices. Agriculture and sustainable intensification are the central themes reflecting efforts to balance increased food production and long-term sustainability, particularly in the face of climate change impacts such as droughts and heavy rainfall. The study underscores the critical role of both global and local collaborations in advancing research and addressing the sustainability challenges in Kenya’s dairy sector. The findings advocate for a multidisciplinary research approach to achieve a balanced emphasis on productivity and environmental sustainability, ensuring the sector's alignment with the SDGs for long-term growth and resilience.
Molecular aspects of predicting recurrence of retroperitoneal extraorgan liposarcomas
Authors: Kolesnikov E. N. , Maksimov R. A. , Demidov S. I. , Timoshkina N. N. , Vlasov S. N.
Published: December 2024

Purpose of the study. The aim of the work was to optimize the prognosis of recurrences of retroperitoneal extraorgan liposarcomas of various degrees of differentiation by detecting microRNAs (miRNAs) of tumor cells with differential expression depending on the course of the malignant disease.

Materials and methods. The study was conducted on 96 patients: 19 patients with lipomas and 77 patients with retroperitoneal extraorgan liposarcomas. Tissue samples were obtained during the operation. Among patients with malignant diseases, highly differentiated liposarcoma (VDLS) was detected in 51 patients, and dedifferentiated (DDLS) in 26 patients. miRNA expression levels in tumor cells were determined using real-time PCR.

Results. During the follow-up period, relapses of malignant disease were detected in 25 (32,5%) people: 13 (25,5%) among patients with VDLS and 12 (46,2%) among patients with DDLS. In DDLS, characterized by a more aggressive course, there was an increased level of expression of miRNA155, -21, -26a2 and a decrease in expression of miRNA15a and -34 compared with patients with VDLS. In patients with recurrent retroperitoneal liposarcomas, the expression of miRNA15a was initially 83% lower in tumor cells of surgical samples (p<0,001), iRNA34 by 79% (p< 0,001), and the expression activity of miRNA155 was 7,54 times higher (p<0,001) and miRNA26a2 by 6,93 times (p<0,001).

Conclusion. The determination of the expression of miRNA155, -26a2, -34, -15a in tumor cells during surgical treatment of patients with retroperitoneal liposarcomas is an effective way to assess the risk of recurrence and is relevant for determining the tactics of further treatment of patients.
Assessment of the quality of life of oncological patients with skin toxicity depending on telemedicine technologies
Authors: Kutina A. Yu. , Orlova E. V. , Sekacheva M. I. , Briko N. I. , Torchinskiy N. V.
Published: December 2024

Relevance. Approximately 90–100% of patients have skin toxicity, which manifests itself in the form of acne-like rashes (papulo-pustular rash), paronychia, hair changes, xerosis, itching. Skin manifestations cause psychological, emotional and physical discomfort, which may be the reason for dose reduction or discontinuation of treatment, and may reduce the effectiveness of antitumor therapy. The use of modern telemedicine systems, such as online consultations and remote monitoring, are designed to make life easier for patients and are now increasingly available and in demand among the general population.

The aim of the study. Assessment of the quality of life in cancer patients receiving EGFR inhibitors, depending on the use of remote consultations and remote monitoring.

Materials and methods. 140 cancer patients were included in the study. All patients were divided into two groups: in group 1 (study group) n=70, the mobile application «My Health» was used for online-consultation with a dermatologist, in group 2 (comparison group) n=70, offline consultations were used. During the consultations, skin toxicity was assessed using CTCAE scales version 5.0. To analyze the level of quality of life, a questionnaire of the dermatological quality of life index (DLQI) was used, which patients of each group filled out on the day of the start of the study, then after 4 weeks.

Results. In patients of the first group, there was a positive dynamic in the state of the skin process compared with the initial indicators. There was a statistically significant improvement in the quality of life, a decrease in the average score for all indicators. In patients of the second group, the positive dynamics of the skin process was not so obvious, as evidenced by the results of the questionnaire. There was a statistically significant strong direct correlation between the value of the results of DLQI and the severity of the disease (rs=0.721 p <0.001).

Conclusion. Skin toxicity is a complex interdisciplinary problem that requires an integrated approach between oncologists and dermatologists. Remote monitoring is an accessible form of communication between a doctor and a patient, which contributes to the timely control of skin toxicity in cancer patients receiving EGFR inhibitors.
Possibilities of whole body MRI in assessing the prevalence of malignant tumor process
Authors: Prokhorov S. N. , Kochergina N. V. , Ryzhkov A. D. , Krylov A. S. , Bludov A. B. , Nikolaeva E. A.
Published: December 2024

Purpose. To evaluate the capabilities of whole-body MRI based on accelerated acquisition sequences in assessing the extent of malignancy.

Material and methods. The study included 30 patients with malignant, solid tumors of various origins and metastatic lesions of various anatomical structures. All patients underwent WB-MRI, based on accelerated data collection sequences, with subsequent clarifying studies, such as CT, PET/ CT, ultrasound to confirm or refute the malignancy of the detected changes.

Results. In 14 out of 30 cases, it was possible to identify additional localizations of metastatic lesions, excluding skeletal bones.

Conclusion. In modern conditions, WB-MRI makes it possible to collect comprehensive information for staging a tumor disease in a relatively short period of time.
Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (clinical case)
Authors: Khakimov G A. , Khakimova G. G. , Dallo S. F. , Khakimova Sh. G. , Khakimov A. M.
Published: December 2024

Neuroendocrine prostate cancer is a rare and aggressive cancer with a poor prognosis. This type of cancer is often diagnosed at an advanced stage and exhibits rapid resistance to standard therapeutic methods. Taking into account the low occurrence of this phenomenon, a description of poorly differentiated neuroendocrine (small cell) prostate cancer with extremely aggressive forms is given.
Anemia in oncological practice. Eralfon – the optimal opportunity for personalization of drug therapy
Authors: Bagrova S. G. , Artamonova E. V.
Published: December 2024

Anemia has a noticeable negative impact on the quality of life of cancer patients and determines the prognosis of the disease. The need to treat anemia is determined by its negative impact on life expectancy, since hypoxia caused by anemia can be associated with resistance to chemotherapy, radiation therapy, causes stimulation of genetic mutations and neoangiogenesis in the tumor, which makes it difficult to control it. The methods of correction of anemia are determined by the clinical picture and the antitumor treatment being carried out. The use of blood transfusions is limited and involves a number of risks. Erythropoiesis-stimulating drugs can reduce the need for blood transfusions. The article describes the mechanisms of action, indications and side effects of recombinant erythropoietin (rEPO) drugs. The analysis of the effectiveness of rEPO drugs in the treatment of anemia in oncology based on the historical experience of clinical trials is presented. The recommendations of the leading communities on the use of rEPO drugs in various categories of patients are presented, and the Russian experience of using epoetin alpha in patients receiving chemotherapy is reflected. The use of erythropoietins clearly in accordance with the indications can significantly improve the results of treatment of cancer patients.
Stakeholders’ interests and emerging resource use conflicts in apiculture in West Usambara Mountains, Tanzania
Authors: Mbeyale Gimbage E. , Sinyangwe Joy
Published: December 2024

The study aims to generate a knowledge base for effective governance of natural resources management by farmers from which lessons could be drawn for guiding appropriate natural resources management intervention. Data were collected using household questionnaires, Checklists for focus group discussions key informants’ interviews and participant observation. Beekeeping households were sampled purposively while non-beekeeping households were sampled randomly. Quantitative data collected were subjected to descriptive and inferential statistical analyses with the use of logistic regression analysis. Qualitative data were analysed using content analysis. Results showed that the majority of small-scale beekeepers (73%) were driven by economic interests rather than natural resource management and conservation. The results further reveal that a large group of individual farmers need to be mobilized into beekeepers’ groups to accommodate natural resource conservation objectives. The most prevalent conflicts in the study area were between farmers practising apiculture and fellow farmers (74%), followed by beekeepers and neighbours (16%). Stakeholders’ diverging interests in apiculture were significantly influenced by marital status, major economic activities, household size, and educational level (p<0.05). We conclude that economic interests override conservation and natural resources management, therefore efforts should be geared towards mobilizing small-scale beekeepers into beekeeping groups where it can be possible to accommodate natural resources conservation objectives, thereby mitigating the effects of diverging interests and resource use conflicts. We recommend that other stakeholders such as faith-based organizations, and research and training institutes be mobilised by the local government to facilitate the inclusion of individual beekeepers into different forms of association where it can be possible to accommodate conservation objectives.
Re-orientação profissional e planejamento de carreira na modalidade clínica com alunos do ensino superior
Authors: Silva Fernanda Toledo Barros , Zanolli Leticia Fiaux , Gonçalves Camily Vitória Marques , Pessini Maria Adelaide
Published: December 2024

O presente artigo refere-se a uma pesquisa de revisão bibliográfica, cujo aporte teórico foi a Análise do Comportamento (AC), objetivou-se compreender o processo de Re-orientação profissional e sua importância no planejamento de carreira, realizado através de intervenção psicológica breve, clínica, com tempo e objetivos limitados às necessidades do cliente. Buscou-se estudar as correlações do ensino superior e o preparo profissional, compreendendo o espaço que as instituições de ensino superior ocupam na sociedade; o processo de Re-orientação profissional clínico aos alunos do ensino superior, atrelando a importância de instrumentos que promovam seu bem-estar no processo da re-escolha profissional e no planejamento de carreira, que possibilita a reflexão dos lugares que desejam ocupar no universo profissional. Conclui-se que intervenções psicológicas clínicas aos universitários, contribui de modo significativo para a prevenção de adoecimento e a promoção de saúde mental, visto que proporciona um novo olhar para a constituição profissional e de carreira.
Polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells regulates immune recovery during HIV infection through PD-L1 and TGF-β pathways
Authors: Wang Zihua , Hu Yue , Song Jing , Ma Ping , Xia Huan
Published: December 2024

Background

Although MDSCs are widely recognized for their immunoinhibitory effects in pathological conditions, their function during HIV infection particularly within the mechanisms underlying incomplete immune recovery remains elusive.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional study in which 30 healthy controls and 62 HIV-1-infected subjects [31 immunological non-responders (INRs) and 31 immunological responders (IRs)] were selected. The proportion of MDSCs was determined in each category of participants. Using flow cytometry and real-time PCR, immune regulatory molecules (including PD-L1, ARG1, iNOS, IL-10, TGF-β, and IDO) that are relevant for MDSCs activity were quantified. Furthermore, we investigated the impact of the blockade of PD-L1 and TGF-β pathways on MDSCs and their effects on CD4+ T-cells using in vitro functional experiments.

Results

PMN-MDSCs are more abundant and are negatively correlated to CD4 counts in HIV-infected individuals. In addition, PMN-MDSCs suppress CD4+ T-cell proliferation and IFN-γ production in INRs. Furthermore, correlations were found between PD-L1 expression on PMN-MDSCs and PD-1+ CD4+ T-cells. TGF-β expression on PMN-MDSCs was likewise enhanced in INRs. Importantly, inhibiting both PD-L1 and TGF-β pathways had a synergistic impact on restoring CD4+ T-cell activity in vitro.

Conclusions

PMN-MDSCs expansion inhibits CD4+ T-cell responses. We suggest that targeting PD-L1 and TGF-β pathways together may significantly improve immune recovery in INRs.
A content analysis of government-issued social media posts during multi-jurisdictional enteric illness outbreaks in Canada
Authors: Patel Vayshali , Grant Lauren E. , Shereefdeen Hisba , MacKay Melissa , Cheng Leslie , Phypers Melissa , Papadopoulos Andrew , McWhirter Jennifer E.
Published: December 2024

Introduction

Most Canadians use at least one social media platform regularly, making social media a potentially effective tool for reaching broad audiences. The Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC) uses social media as one tool for rapidly communicating with the public during multi-jurisdictional enteric illness outbreaks. However, the effectiveness of social media in enhancing public risk communication during these outbreaks remains unexplored. Addressing this gap may help optimise social media use for risk communication to inform the public and prevent additional illness. This study aims to analyse the engagement with and quality of PHAC’s social media content regarding multi-jurisdictional enteric illness outbreaks.

Methods

Using a search of PHAC’s social media platforms, 482 posts during enteric illness outbreaks (2014–2022) were identified, including 198 posts from Facebook and 284 posts from X (formerly Twitter) in English and French. A codebook was developed using engagement metrics for gauging public interest, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) Modified Clear Communication Index (CCI) to assess clarity as a proxy for comprehension, the Health Belief Model (HBM) to evaluate the potential to motivate behaviour change, and measures of consistency. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse post content.

Results

The average engagement rates for PHAC social media accounts were < 1%, below standard average engagement rates (1–5%). While posts generally adhered to the CDC’s CCI criteria, clear language (45.7% on Facebook, 26.5% on X) and clear communication of risk (7.6% on Facebook, 0.0% on X) were scarce. HBM constructs were present in all posts, but certain constructs, such as barriers were used sparingly (1% on Facebook, 0% on X). Despite this, posts consistently communicated outbreak investigation details and prevention information.

Discussion

The low average engagement rates suggest a lack of public awareness or interest in the posts. The partial adherence to the CCI indicates room for improvement in clarity, a key component for supporting public understanding. Although some HBM constructs were utilised, no posts incorporated all HBM constructs, which may hinder efforts to promote behaviour change. To enhance effective risk communication using social media during multi-jurisdictional enteric illness outbreaks in Canada, tools like the CDC’s CCI should be used to improve message clarity, use of all HBM constructs as applicable, and message consistency across products and channels are recommended to improve overall message quality and content.