bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Apakah Tingkat Kebahagiaan Bisa Menjelaskan Hasil Belajar Siswa Sekolah Dasar?
Authors: Affandi Lalu Hamdian , Saputra Heri Hadi , Husniati Husniati
Published: August 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji kebahagiaan sebagai variable penjelas hasil belajar. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah 222 orang siswa kelas 4-6 sekolah dasar di Kota Mataram. Data diperoleh dengan angket dan dokumentasi. Angket dalam penelitian ini dikembangkan dari Multidimensional Student’s Life Satisfaction Scale (MSLSS) Huebner. Sedangkan dokumentasi digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data tentang hasil belajar siswa. Data dalam penelitian ini dianalisis dengan teknik Korelasi Pearson Product Moment. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa kebahagiaan siswa tidak bisa dijadikan sebagai variable penjelas hasil belajar. Temuan penelitian ini berbeda dengan kesimpulan penelitian sebelumnya yang menjadikan tingkat kebahagiaan sebagai predictor hasil belajar siswa. Selanjutnya, penelitian ini menyarankan agar dilakukan penelitian yang lebih sistematis dan ketat dengan melibatkan siswa dengan karakteristik yang lebih beragam.
Antibacterial Activities from Gel Hand Sanitizer of Jatropha curcas Leaves Ethanolic Extract Against Staphylococcus aures ATCC 25923
Authors: Margaretha Erviana Vernanda , Juliantoni Yohanes , Wirasisya Dyke Gita
Published: August 2020

Food borne disease is a disease with symptoms such as nausea, diarrhea and vomiting. The main cause of FBD was food contamination of Staphylococcus aureus. Jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas Linn) leave is a plant that have antibacterial activity against S. aureus because it contains saponin, flavonoid, and tannin. This research aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of the ethanolic extract of Jatropha curcas Linn. leaves, formulated them as gel hand sanitizer, and evaluated the antibacterial activity of the formula. The sample was collected, determined, and extracted with ethanol 70% using maceration, and the phytochemical screening conducted to the concentrate extract. The antibacterial activity test conducted by well diffusion method with concetration 50, 100, dan 150 mg/mL. Then the effective extract group has formulated to gel hand sanitizer. The gel hand sanitizer formula tested the antibacterial activity and physical properties by organoleptic, pH, stability, and spreadablility. The result showed that the extract with concentration 50, 100, dan 150 mg/mL has inhibition zone diameter was 9.9, 15.7, and 16.4 mm, respectively. The gel hand sanitizer of Jatropha curcas Linn extract was formulated by using 100 mg/mL concentration of extract. The gel was physically stable and had inhibition zone diameter was 15.6 mm
Analisis Tingkat Kepuasan Pasien Terhadap Kualitas Pelayanan Di Instalasi Farmasi Rawat Jalan RSUDProvinsi NTBPeriode Maret-April 2019
Authors: Harpiani Suvia , Puspitasari Candra Eka , Erwinayati G.A.P Sri , Annisa Baiq Sofianti
Published: August 2020

Abstrak: Pelayanan kesehatan dapat dinilai berdasarkan kualitas pelayanan kefarmasian yang baik dan berorientasi langsung kepada pasien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kepuasan pasien terhadap kualitas pelayanan kefarmasian di Instalasi Farmasi Rawat Jalan RSUD Provinsi NTB. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode servQual dengan cara membandingkan nilai kinerja dan harapan pasien. Tingkat kepuasan diukur berdasarkan lima dimensi, meliputi reliability (kehandalan), responsiveness (daya tanggap), assurance (jaminan), empathy (empati) dan tangibles (bukti langsung). Analisis data menggunakan rumus kepuasan untuk melihat tingkat kepuasan pasien dan rumus kualitas pelayanan untuk melihat tingkat kualitas pelayanan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata tingkat kepuasan pasien umum dan BPJS sangat puas (lebih besar dari 0,80). Kualitas pelayanan menunjukkan harapan pasien lebih besar daripada kenyataan dengan rata-rata bernilai negative (-).  Selain itu juga dilakukan analisis perbandingan tingkat kepuasan pasien umum dan BPJS dengan hasil tidak ada perbedaan pada tiap dimensi (p lebih besar dari 0,05) kecuali pada dimensi bukti langsung (p lebih kecil dari 0,05). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pasien umum dan BPJS sangat puas terhadap pelayanan yang diberikan.
Research on Restoration and Intelligent Management of the Global Village
Authors: Lu Guoquan
Published: August 2020

A sharp rebound in global energy emissions in 2018 is disappointing as the carbon-dioxide data monitored by mon ppm, hawaii reached 415.09 on may 3, the highest level in at least 800,000 years. We are well known to emit 0.272 kg of carbon dust ,0.997 kg of carbon dioxide (C02),0.03 kg of sulfur dioxide (S02),0.015 kg of nitrogen oxides (NOX) and huge amounts of heat to the earth for each electricity we use a 1 degree thermal power plant. Therefore, the full use of renewable energy instead of fossil energy, not only to achieve reduction  The effective measures to open the era of boiler and automobile cold emission are also the trend of the development of national environmental protection and energy strategy.
Covid-19 and Immunity in the Elderly
Authors: Chalise Hom Nath , Rosenberg Edwin
Published: August 2020

Population ageing is an issue of worldwide importance. People are living longer due to advances in education, technology, medicine, food distribution, and public health. While the COVID-19 pandemic has significant global impacts, in many countries the elderlyface threats and challenges that are unique and disproportionately severe. One such threat is that aging results in a decline in immune function, meaning elderly bodies respond more slowly and less effectively to external threats like COVID-19. Responses at individual, family, community and societal levels should take into account the heightened vulnerability of older adults during this pandemic.
The Triple Procedure :Analysis of Structural, Functional & Refractive Outcome
Authors: Natarajan Radhika , MS Bharti Ahuja
Published: August 2020

PURPOSE:To analyse the outcome of Triple procedure(Combined penetrating keratoplasty, cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation)  is a surgical technique for visually disabling corneal conditions with associated cataract .METHODS:The medical records  of 120 patients who underwent triple procedure between January 2007 and December 2011 in terms of  demographic data,past ophthalmic history, indications for surgery  were retrospectively reviewed.Salient preoperative data included the initial visual acuity at the time of presentation , slit lamp findings of cornea(scar, haze, vascularisation , stromal folds with bullae ), anterior chamber , lens details , intraocular pressure status ,posterior segment examination with the help of indirect ophthalmoscope or B scan ultrasongraphy.RESULTS:A total of 120 corneal triple procedures performed were included in this study . Of 120 patients , 25 (20.83%)were male and  95 (79.17%)  were female.Mean age of these patients was 42.45 +/-15.85   years(range  9 to 75 years ) . The mean postoperative  follow up was 15.08+/-12.8 months(range ,1.5 to 49 months ).Failed therapeutic grafts(42.5%)-was the  common indication found for surgery .Preoperatively , intraocular pressure was increased in 11(9.16%) patients . Conventional triple procedure in terms of combined penetrating keratoplasty with extracapsular cataract extraction with intraocular lens implantation(PK+ECCE+IOL) was performed in 114 ( 95%) eyes , 01(0.83%)  eye underwent keratoplasty with phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation(PK+PE+IOL), and secondary intraocular lens implantation (PK+IOL)in 05 (4.17%)eyes .CONCLUSION:Triple procedure is  an effective surgical option in corneal diseases associated with cataract.It provides an optimal visual and refractive  outcome  especially in high risk grafts situation.
Vibration Characteristics of Beam Structure Attached with Vibration Absorbers at its Vibrational Node and Antinode by Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Ong W. S. , Zainulabidin Muhd Hafeez
Published: August 2020

In this study, the vibration characteristics of fixed ends beam are analysed after attached with dynamic vibration absorbers at vibrational node and antinode by simulation using ANSYS APDL. This study aim to obtain the best location and optimum number of DVAs placed on the fixed ends beam in order to reduce vibration of beam. The dynamic vibration absorber were attached to the fixed ends beam vibrational node and antinode for a total of three modes of vibration. The 0.84 m long beam is modelled by ANSYS and divided into 21 elements where each element is 0.04 m. A harmonic force, Fo of 28.84 N is exerted at node 3 of beam element. Modal analysis and harmonic analysis are carried out in this study to obtain the natural frequency and frequency response of the beam respectively. The vibration characteristics of fixed ends beam without DVA and beam attached with DVAs were compared. The simulation results show reduction of vibration amplitude of the beam especially when the DVA were attached at the vibrational antinode. The DVA amplitude increase when amplitude of beam decreases. From this study, it is proved that DVAs absorb vibration of the beam structure. The best position to attach DVAs is the vibrational antinode based on the modes of vibration. The increment of DVAs number will not affect the percentage reduction of vibration amplitude as long as the DVAs are placed at optimum location.
Design a Solar Powered Stirling Engine Prototype to Produce Electricity
Authors: Yao Lee Shee , Abdul Wahab Hanani
Published: August 2020

For the concerns of environmental issue such as global warming, sustainable and green way to produce energy is highly in demand. Dish Stirling system is one of the most efficient system among others concentrated solar power technologies. However, the system is in disadvantage in terms of cost and reliability when compare to others CSP technologies. In this study, a fundamental prototype of solar powered dish Stirling engine is designed, manufactured, and tested. One component of the prototype which is the power piston is malfunctioning. It was found that the accuracy requirement of the manufacturing of the prototype was high and it requires high skill and experience in machining process.
Оптимізації розподілу навчальних годин комплексної програми бойової підготовки з’єднання (частини) між спеціалістами (підрозділами) родів військ
Authors: Годзь С.В. , Можаровський В.М. , Пантюшенко Р.В.
Published: August 2020

Пошук можливих шляхів підвищення ефективності бойової підготовки (БП) військових формувань, як невід’ємної складової їх боєздатності, завжди був і залишається пріоритетним напрямом діяльності та першочерговим завданням командирів і штабів усіх рівнів. На думку авторів, одним із можливих шляхів забезпечення потрібного рівня навченості військових формувань є розроблення та запровадження в практику їх БП принципово нового нормативного документа – Комплексної програми бойової підготовки військового формування типу з’єднання (частина) сил оборони (КПБП). Розроблення КПБП має бути всебічно, зокрема науково, обґрунтованим. Проте в існуючих методиках оцінювання ефективності БП військових формувань, у тому числі її планування, використовуються зовсім різні методи дослідження залежності рівня навченості спеціалістів певної категорії (профілю) та підрозділів родів військ від кількості навчальних годин, які протягом певного періоду виділяються на їх підготовку. Існуючі методики не дозволяють здійснювати раціональний (оптимальний) розподіл навчальних годин між спеціалістами (підрозділами) родів військ для досягнення заданого рівня навченості з’єднання (частини) у цілому. Також ці методики не враховують (враховують частково) обмеження щодо фінансування заходів БП та не передбачають комплексного підходу до забезпечення потрібного рівня боєздатності з’єднань (частин). На думку авторів, нині виникла потреба у використанні методичного апарату, який би, враховуючи рівень фінансування БП, дозволяв визначати оптимальну кількість навчальних годин, а також здійснювати їх оптимальний розподіл між спеціалістами (підрозділами) родів військ для досягнення заданого рівня навченості з’єднання (частини) у цілому. У пропонованій статті викладено основний зміст задачі оптимізації розподілу навчальних годин КПБП між спеціалістами (підрозділами) родів військ для досягнення заданого рівня їх навченості (лінійний варіант). Стаття є логічним продовженням попередніх публікацій за даним напрямом дослідження.
Пропозиції щодо удосконалення процесу управління інформаційно-психологічними впливами в ході проведення інформаційно-психологічних операцій
Authors: Пєвцов Г.В. , Залкін С.В. , Сідченко С.О. , Хударковський К.І.
Published: August 2020

У статті представлена низка практичних рекомендацій щодо удосконалення процесу управління інформаційно-психологічними впливами в ході проведення інформаційно-психологічних операцій. Запропонована модель управління інформаційно-психологічним впливом на основі моніторингу стану об’єкту впливу і корегування сценарію інформаційно-психологічної операції (інформаційно-психологічного впливу) або його складових. Представлений механізм інформаційно-психологічного впливу, який передбачає послідовне переведення об’єктів впливу (цільової групи) із одного стану до іншого. Наданий варіант складу команди інформаційних операцій, що створюється при Об’єднаному штабі Збройних Сил США, який може бути прийнятий за основу при удосконаленні структури підрозділів інформаційно-психологічних операцій Збройних Сил України.
Фінансово-економічні аспекти життєвих циклів складних наукоємних і високотехнологічних зразків озброєння і військової техніки
Authors: Турінський О.В. , Демідов Б.О. , Гриб Д.А. , Хмелевський С.І. , Хмелевська О.О.
Published: August 2020

У статті розглядається ієрархічна структура вартісних показників життєвого циклу зразка озброєння і військової техніки (ОВТ) та група вихідних даних, що необхідні для оцінювання значень цих показників. Відмічається, що вартісні показники мають розглядатися у взаємозв'язку з часовими показниками життєвого циклу зразка ОВТ. Серед основних положень (необхідності, можливості і доцільності розробки і закупівлі перспективних зразків ОВТ), що використовуються при обґрунтуванні рішень про можливість створення нових зразків, виділяється воєнно-економічна доцільність, як надважливе положення, яким слід керуватися в умовах обмеженого фінансово-економічного ресурсу держави. Розглядаються питання, що пов'язані з лімітованими, мінімально припустимими і контрактними цінами ОВТ. Наголошується на необхідності використання досвіду провідних країн світу в області державного господарювання і ціноутворення на продукцію оборонного призначення. Наголошується, що в умовах обмежених ресурсів варіант витрачання фінансових ресурсів, що планується для реалізації, буде результативним, якщо серед усіх альтернатив створення зразків ОВТ він забезпечує мінімізацію технологічних і техніко-економічних ризиків до рівня прийнятних для замовника і забезпечує на плановому періоді досягнення максимально можливого ефекту. Зазначено, для оцінювання воєнно-економічної доцільності створення нового зразка ОВТ (модернізації існуючого) необхідно враховувати у взаємозв'язку усі витрати замовника на усі стадії життєвого циклу зразка для визначення на початку його створення доцільності продовження його ЖЦ. Приділена увага важливості науково-методичного забезпечення і супроводження розробки і корегування планових документів фінансування розвитку озброєння і військової техніки, та забезпечення життєвих циклів складних наукоємних і високотехнологічних зразків озброєння і військової техніки.
Напрями удосконалення науково-методичного апарату обґрунтування основних напрямів розвитку системи озброєння авіації Повітряних Сил Збройних Сил України
Authors: Леонтьєв О.Б. , Науменко М.В.
Published: August 2020

По результатах сумісного аналізу сутності основних етапів синтезу перспективного обрису авіації Повітряних Сил Збройних Сил України, прийнятих в системі оборонного планування на основі спроможностей та застосовуваних методичних підходів до вирішення задачі обґрунтування раціональних шляхів розвитку системи її озброєння, визначено основні напрями удосконалення існуючого науково-методичного апарату. Показано, що науково-методичний апарат обґрунтування рішень по синтезу раціональних програм оновлення парків бойової авіаційної техніки повинен розвиватися в напряму поглиблення його системності шляхом урахування впливу факторів різної природи, по-перше, зовнішніх – воєнно-політичного, оперативно-стратегічного, по-друге, внутрішніх – воєнно-економічного та військово-технічного характеру. Запропоновано загальну схему такого удосконаленого науково-методичного апарату, сформовані системно ув’язані часткові методики та моделі, побудовані формалізовані критерії раціональності програм розвитку системи озброєння авіації, що враховують особливості стану системи озброєння на початку періоду реалізації програмних заходів та особливості кінцевої мети її реформування та розвитку.
A Nonsurgical Embryo Transfer Technique for Fresh and Cultured Blastocysts in Rats
Authors: Stone Barbara J , Steele Kendra H , Men Hongsheng , Srodulski Sarah J , Bryda Elizabeth C , Fath-Goodin Angelika
Published: August 2020

The use of a nonsurgical embryo transfer technique in rodents eliminates the potential pain, distress, and health complications that may result from a surgical procedure and as such, represents a refinement in rodent assisted reproductive techniques. A nonsurgical technique has not
been previously developed for use with rat embryos. Here we describe an efficient method to deliver either fresh or cultured blastocyst stage embryos to the uterine horn of pseudopregnant female rats using a rat nonsurgical embryo transfer (rNSET) device. The rNSET device is composed of a
Teflon catheter and a hub that attaches to a 2 μL pipette. Oxytocin is used to dilate the cervix before the delivery of blastocysts, allowing passage of the rNSET catheter directly into the uterine horn for embryo delivery. The efficiency of recovery of pups after nonsurgical embryo transfer
is similar to the efficiency after surgical embryo transfer. Furthermore, the technique is not stressful to the subjects, as demonstrated by the absence of a decrease in weight or increase in fecal corticosterone level in recipients of embryos delivered nonsurgically, without the use of anesthesia
or analgesia.
Effects of Four-Day School Weeks on School Finance and Achievement: Evidence From Oklahoma
Authors: Morton Emily
Published: August 2020

Motivated by potential financial savings, 4-day school weeks have proliferated across the United States in recent years, reaching public schools in 24 states as of 2019. The consequences of the 4-day school week for students, schools, and communities are largely unknown. This article uses district-level panel data from Oklahoma and a difference-in-differences research design to examine the causal effect of the 4-day schedule on school district finance and academic achievement. Results indicate that 4-day weeks decrease districts’ federal revenues and their noninstructional and support services expenditures. Decreases are concentrated specifically in operations, transportation, and food services expenditures and amount to approximately 2.03% of the average 4-day district’s budget. There is no detectable effect of the 4-day week on academic achievement.
#ForYou: The User’s Perspective on How TikTok Recommends Videos
Authors: Scalvini Marco
Published: August 2020

The current study is aimed at understanding the impact of TikTok’s recommendation system. The algorithm is perceived as very efficient in targeting users but raises several ethical concerns regarding the ability to manipulate users’ experience and the extent to which private data and preferences are respected. Utilizing the data collected from 40 in-depth interviews, this study explores: How do users perceive TikTok’s ethical responsibilities in regard to their algorithmic recommendation system? Furthermore, the analysis discusses and evaluates the tension between a) how the platform’s algorithm feeds users similar videos that they highly appreciate; and, inversely, b) how the diversification of recommendations is limited. A thematic analysis shows interviewees describe TikTok as a safe space where users can be themselves and feel included in a community of people interested in posting content to connect and engage meaningfully beyond difference. However, the algorithm is perceived as harmful because it tries to manipulate and drive users towards specific videos that increase their ‘addiction’ to the platform. Interviewees consider some of the recommendations on the ForYou page to be questionable because they aimed at persuading or nudging in favor of particular hashtags and social causes. This contradiction may partly be explained by the fact that interviewees report their rationalizations in a performative manner in order to avoid feelings of dissonance while attempting to relate to their own self-identity. This observation leads to the idea that the concept of mediated diversity can explain the tension between the expectation of similarity and diversity.
فاعلية المختبر الأفتراضي في التحصيل المعرفي وتنمية الاتجاه نحو التعليم الالكتروني لطالبات الصف العاشر في مادة الكيمياء
Authors: احمد حمه الهام , صابر حسين بيمان
Published: August 2020

هدف البحث الحالي الى معرفة (فاعلية المختبر الأفتراضي في التحصيل المعرفي وتنمية الاتجاه نحو التعليم الالكتروني لطالبات الصف العاشر في مادة الكيمياء) , وللتحقق من اهداف وفرضيات البحث , أختير قصديا طالبات البحث في اعدادية جيمن للبنات وللعام الدراسي 2014-2015 كعينة البحث والتي تكونت من (50 ) طالبة , تم توزيعهم عشوائيا الى مجموعتين احدهما تجريبية درست باستخدام المختبر الافتراضي واخرى ضابطة والتي درست  بالطريقة الاعتيادية ,وبعد تكافؤ المجموعتين في مجموعة من المتغيرات المؤثرة على سلامة التصميم التجريبي , تم تطبيق البحث لمدة (7) اسابيع دراسية ,ثم جرى التطبيق البعدي  لأدوات البحث والتي اعددتها الباحثتان لهذا الغرض بعد التأكد من صدقهما وثباتهما , واظهرت النتائج وجود فرق ذي دلالة احصائية عند مستوى الدلالة (0.05) بين متوسط درجات طالبات المجموعة التجريبية ومتوسط درجات المجموعة الضابطة  في التطبيق البعدي في التحصيل المعرفي , واظهرت النتائج وجود فرق ذي دلالة احصائية عند مستوى الدلالة (0.05) بين متوسط درجات طالبات المجموعة التجريبية في مقياس الاتجاه نحو التعليم الالكتروني قبليا وبعديا بأبعاده (فوائد التعليم الالكتروني,حب التعليم الالكتروني ,قلق التعليم الالكتروني ) ,وعدم وجود فرق ذي دلالة احصائية عند مستوى 0.05) ) بين متوسط درجات طالبات المجموعة الضابطة في مقياس الاتجاه نحو التعليم الالكتروني قبليا وبعديا بأبعاده (حب التعليم الالكتروني , قلق التعليم الالكتروني ) , ووجود فرق دال احصائيا عند مستوى (0.05) بين متوسط درجات طالبات المجموعة الضابطة في مقياس الاتجاه نحو التعليم الالكتروني قبليا وبعديا في بعد

( فوائد التعليم الالكتروني ), وأظهرت النتائج ايضا وجود فرق ذي دلالة احصائية عند مستوى الدلالة (0.05) بين متوسط درجات طالبات المجموعة التجريبية ومتوسط درجات المجموعة الضابطة  في مقياس الاتجاه نحو التعليم الالكتروني ككل . وقد خلص البحث الى مجموعة من التوصيات ذات الصلة .
(العبث في فنون الفلوكسس)
Authors: عامر نعمة ايمان , نعيم موحان تبارك
Published: August 2020

تناول البحث الحالي موضوعة الموسوم (اشتغالات العبث في فنون الفلوكسس)، والذي اختص بدراسة طبيعة المفاهيم الرئيسية للعبث من خلال فهم المعالجات البنائية والأساليب التقنية وطبيعة الخامات وآليات اشتغالها في الاعمال الفنية لفن الفلوكسس، وقد احتوى البحث على أربعة فصول، اهتم الفصل الأول: بالاطار المنهجي للبحث، متمثلا بمشكلة البحث التي تحدد بالسؤال الاتي: ما اشتغالات العبث في فنون الفلوكسس؟

كما احتوى الفصل الثاني على أهمية البحث والحاجة اليه، من خلال تسليط الضوء على فكرة العبث وتمظهرها في فنون الفلوكسس، وهدف البحث المتمثل ب( الكشف عن العبث في فنون الفلوكسس)، فيما اقتصرت حدود البحث على دراسة آثار العبث في فنون الفلوكسس للمدة الزمنية (1960-1990)، تديدا في الولايات المتحدة الامريكية، بالإضافة الى تحديد المصطلحات الواردة في البحث.

اما الفصل الثاني: فقد احتوى على ثلاثة مباحث تمثل الاطار النظري المكون من المبحث الأول العبث فلسفيا، اما المبحث الثاني الذي اختص بتناول العبث فنياً، واختص المبحث الثالث بتناول البحث في فنون الفلوكسس، فضلا عن المؤشرات التي انتهى اليها الفصل الثاني والدراسات السابقة.

اما الفصل الثالث: اشتمل على إجراءات البحث المتمثلة بمجتمع البحث والعينة الممثلة له انتهاءاً بتحليل العينة البالغة (3) نماذج باعمال فنية مختلف.

اما الفصل الرابع: تضمن جملة من النتائج والاستنتاجات، التوصيات والمقترحات، ومن النتائج التي توصلت اليها الباحثة:

1 –شعور الفنان بحالات من التنافر بينه وبين العالم/ وبموقف متذمر من الأشياء المحيطة به.

2 –الاعمال الفنية في فن الفلوكسس تعارض المنطق من خلال إضفاء السخرية بارقى مستوياتها.

اما الاستنتاجات التي توصلت اليها الباحثة نذكر منها:

1 –اختلاف قيم الفن والجمال لدى فنان الفلوكسس.

2 –المحتوى الفلسفي للعبث هو الهدف والغاية الحقيقية في اعمال الفلوكسس.
Mutual Representations of Russia and the Middle East Made by Eastern and Russian Scientists, Politicians, Travelers and Men of Letters
Authors: Shelestyuk Elena
Published: August 2020

The present research features the method which we call linguohistoric and which is applied to such narratives as documentary prose – memoirs, biographies, pieces of journalese etc. It purports to collect background information and meaningful facts from real life narrations, observations, descriptions, judgements, opinions, which inescapably contain human-interest, emotive-evaluative tinges, epithets, metaphoric images. Facts accentuated by the observer can only be human-interest: if he were not interested, he would not have placed emphasis on these facts. We believe this background information helps determine the essence of historical phenomena, as well as their causal relationships and interdependencies. For the linguohistoric method of narrative study we borrow procedures from textology and conceptology (conceptual linguistics), viz. textological and conceptological analyses.
The Effect of Using Flipped Classroom Model to Improve Iraqi EFL Learners’ Pronunciation in English at University Level
Authors: Waleed Husam Al-Mofti Khaldoon
Published: August 2020

For Iraqi EFL learners who are studying English pronunciation in a traditional instruction method often requires more effort and hard work. Thus, using new methods of teaching such as the flipped classroom model (FCM) is necessary to facilitate learning and improve performance. Hence, this study reports on explanatory research that investigates the effect of using the FCM in the teaching of English pronunciation for Iraqi EFL learners at the university level. The study implemented mixed research methods for data collection in a quasi-experimental analysis. Therefore, two tests were conducted on the assigned groups to measure the effect of the FCM before and after the intervention. Besides, a questionnaire and interviews were used on the experiment group students to collect data about their perceptions of the FCM. The study length (lasted)  was 15 weeks and is comprised of 60 students from the department of English, College of Arts at the University of Anbar. The students were divided into two groups, experimental, and control with 30 students in each group. The findings revealed that there was a significant statistical difference between the two groups in favour of the experimental group with better performance, indicating that the FCM has considerably assisted the Iraqi EFL learners to improve their English pronunciation. Moreover, the students expressed their positive feedback and satisfaction on the use of the FCM in their responses to the questionnaire and the interviews. As such, the current study recommends further research to study the effect of applying the FCM in areas and disciplines other than language learning.
Moral responses to the COVID-19 crisis
Authors: Navajas Joaquin , Heduan Facundo Álvarez , Garbulsky Gerry , Tagliazucchi Enzo , Ariely Dan , Sigman Mariano
Published: August 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic has raised complex moral dilemmas that have been the subject of extensive public debate. Here, we study how people judge a set of controversial actions related to the crisis: relaxing data privacy standards to allow public control of the pandemic, forbidding public gatherings, denouncing a friend who violated COVID-19 protocols, prioritizing younger over older patients when medical resources are scarce, and reducing animal rights to accelerate vaccine development. We collected acceptability judgements in an initial large-scale study with participants from 10 Latin American countries (N=15,420). A formal analysis of the intrinsic correlations between responses to different dilemmas revealed that judgements were organized in two dimensions: one that reflects a focus on human life expectancy and one that cares about the health of all sentient lives in an equitable manner. These stereotyped patterns of responses were stronger in people who endorsed utilitarian decisions in a standardized scale. A second pre-registered study performed in the United States (N=1,300) confirmed the replicability of these findings. Finally, we show how the prioritization of public health correlated with several contextual, personality, and demographic factors. Overall, this research sheds light on the relationship between utilitarian decision-making and moral responses to the COVID-19 crisis.
A Meta-Analysis on Mobile-Assisted Language Learning Applications: Benefits and Risks
Authors: Mihaylova Mariela , Gorin Simon , Reber Thomas Peter , Rothen Nicolas
Published: August 2020

Mobile language learning applications are a pervasive facet of modern life, however there is a dearth of evidence for their effectiveness on L2 learning outcomes. In the current work, we sought to determine the effect of mobile language learning applications on L2 proficiency between groups who used mobile language learning applications and control groups who learned with traditional methods on L2 achievement. We systematically searched journal articles and grey literature between 2007-2019 and performed a quantitative meta-analysis based on 23 synthesized effect sizes. We also performed risk of bias and quality of evidence assessments on our included papers. We found a moderate-to-strong overall effect (g=0.88) of learning achievement using mobile language applications compared to control groups who learned with traditional approaches. At the same time, we found high risk of bias and low quality of evidence across all included studies. Our results provide evidence for mobile applications as a beneficial tool for second language learning. However, findings should be treated with caution due to risks of high bias and low quality of evidence. Improvements for future studies are discussed.
An ecological approach to personality: Psychological traits as drivers and consequences of active perception
Authors: Satchell Liam , Kaaronen Roope Oskari , Latzman Robert D
Published: August 2020

The ecological approach to perception highlights how organisms engage in active perception and that the environment is understood relative to an individual’s physical traits. Personality research draws attention to the variability in psychological traits that affect the way individuals differentially explore and anticipate the world. The current paper identifies compatibilities in these fields and suggests that personality likely both initiates and perpetuates the manner with which individuals engage in active perception. Personality traits both drive and limit perceptual refinement of the world and also lead to the construction of niches to suit personality. Here, we explore the benefits for considering individual differences in perception and active-perception in regards to personality theory, comparative psychology, mental health, research methodology, and intervention. We conclude by encouraging both ecological and personality research to consider the benefits of understanding personality traits as mechanisms for initiating or constraining active perception.
What Is Sex For? To Transmit the Genes of the Microbiome...
Authors: Gouillou Philippe
Published: August 2020

The effectiveness of sex to make children is remarkably low and totally random: there is no doubt that as soon as possible other methods to procreate will be preferred. Yet humans have an enormous amount of sex, devote a great deal of their resources to it, and most of the time even seek to ensure that sex is not fertile. Why?This article proposes that one of the essential purposes of sexual intercourse, and probably the most important one, is to transmit not our genes, but the genes of microbiome bacteria. This hypothesis makes it possible to explain not only the frequency of sexual intercourse but also of no fertilizing sexual behaviors, even risky ones. This hypothesis is not yet proven but fits perfectly with what has already been demonstrated on animals and humans.
Mistrust and Misinformation: A Two-Component, Socio-Epistemic Model of Belief in Conspiracy Theories
Authors: Pierre Joseph
Published: August 2020

Although conspiracy theories are endorsed by about half the population and occasionally turn out to be true, they are more typically false beliefs that, by definition, have a paranoid theme. Consequently, psychological research to date has focused on determining whether there are traits that account for belief in conspiracy theories (BCT) within a deficit model. Alternatively, a two-component, socio-epistemic model of BCT is proposed that seeks to account for the ubiquity of conspiracy theories, their variance along a continuum, and the inconsistency of research findings likening them to psychopathology. Within this model, epistemic mistrust is the core component underlying conspiracist ideation that manifests as the rejection of authoritative information, focuses the specificity of conspiracy theory beliefs, and can sometimes be understood as a sociocultural response to breaches of trust, inequities of power, and existing racial prejudices. Once voices of authority are negated due to mistrust, the resulting epistemic vacuum can send individuals “down the rabbit hole” looking for answers where they are vulnerable to the biased processing of information and misinformation within an increasingly “post-truth” world. The two-component, socio-epistemic model of BCT argues for mitigation strategies that address both mistrust and misinformation processing, with interventions for individuals, institutions of authority, and society as a whole.
Voting and Social Media-Based Political Participation
Authors: Göbel Sascha
Published: August 2020

Does online political involvement reinforce or compensate participatory deficiencies at the polls? Extant survey evidence portrays online participation as a weapon of the strong, wielded by a highly politically involved, white, and affluent subset of the American electorate. Surveys face systematic sampling and measurement errors in the domain of political participation, though. In this study, I revisit this question using individual voter registration records that I integrate with observed Twitter activity. Based on a large sample that reflects Florida’s voting-eligible population, I find that political involvement on Twitter is prevalent across the electorate and extends to those most likely to abstain from voting. Moreover, race and income, which are salient dividing lines in voting, do not structure social media-based political participation. These results challenge reinforcement theory and substantiate social media’s compensatory potential for more inclusive representation. I discuss implications for political representation and future research examining political involvement.
Modul fisika berbasis problem solving untuk SMA/MA kelas X : elastisitas
Authors: AFLAHA DWI SARI IDA
Published: August 2020

Melalui aktivitas Problem Solving, siswa dapat memperoleh pembelajaran yang bermakna. Modul ini dapat digunakan sebagai alat untuk mencapai tujuan pembelajaran Fisika di SMA/MA yang dapat melatih siswa untuk memiliki sikap ilmiah, jujur, bekerja sama, dan objektif. Modul ini dirancang untuk membimbing siswa dalam menyelesaikan masalah dan melatih sikap ilmiah, yang terdiri dari: Kegiatan Pembelajaran, Memfokuskan Permasalahan,Penjabaran Aspek Fisikanya, Rencana Pemecahan Masalah, Melakukan Pemecahan Masalah, Mengevaluasi jawaban, Tes Formatif dan pada bagian akhir terdapat Pahami Materi. Kekhasan modul ini terletak pada fleksibilitas waktu dengan batasan maksimum waktu untuk mempelajari tiap bagian modul. Siswa diberi kebebasan dalam menentukan pilihan topik yang didahulukan dalam belajar. Siswa pun dapat mengembangkan kreativitasnya dalam bereksperimen melalui kegiatan Lembar Kerja Siswa dalam tiap Kegiatan Belajar serta dapat memperdalam pemahamannya pada bagian Pahami Konsep...! dengan perluasan materi yang telah dikembangkan.
Analisis Densitas Bentik Dinoflagellata Gambierdiscus, Ostreopsis dan Prorocentrum di Pantai Nirwana, Padang
Authors: Thamrin,M.Sc Thamrin
Published: August 2020

Environmental degradation has occurred in various ecosystems in the world. This  also carries out in the sea and even sometimes threaten human life, whether directly or indirectly. Likewise, events in the marine environment associated with poisoning, caused by toxic algae such as dinoflagellates. To see the progress the survey research was conducted on Thallasia sp to see the growth of toxic dinoflagellates Gambierdiscus, Ostreopsis and Prorocentrum in the Nirwana Coast Padang. The data analysis uses two-way statistics with Turkey's Advanced Test. The results showed that Gambierdiscus and Ostreopsis almost the same number and were still low. High striking results occurred on Prorocentrum which differed markedly from both Gambierdiscus and Ostreopsis. This results also significantly different among stations.
Reconceptualizing Parental Leave Benefits in COVID-19 Canada: From Employment Policy to Care and Social Protection Policy
Authors: Doucet Andrea , Mathieu Sophie , McKay Lindsey
Published: August 2020

Although the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has spurred critical and much-needed attention to re-thinking policy approaches to child care and long-term elder care, little focus has been given to its implications for parental leave policies and parental benefits for the care of infants and young children. This article is about reconceptualizing and reconfiguring employment-based parental leave policies in Canada both during and after COVID-19. Informed by theoretical insights from the fields of care economies, feminist political economy, and care and social reproduction and by national and international parental leave research, we argue that it is time to reconceptualize parental leave benefits not only as employment policy but also as a care and social protection policy. To make this shift, we explore three topic areas: a mixed system of parental benefits that combine employment-based and citizenship-based entitlements, connections between policy design and gender equality, and the need for robust intersectional data to track which Canadian families are receiving parental benefits.
Production and properties of functionally graded hybrid composites containing Al3Ti and TiB2
Authors: Savaş Ömer
Published: August 2020

This study examined the production and properties of functionally graded hybrid composites containing titanium di-boride (TiB2) and titanium tri-aluminate (Al3Ti) particles. The composites were produced by the centrifugal solid particle method at 850 °C. A detailed study of the microstructures, hardness and abrasive wear behavior of the hybrid composites was carried out. The results showed that the produced composites had three different regions along the centrifugal force direction. It was found that there were Al3Ti particles in the outer region, TiB2 particles in the middle region and neither Al3Ti nor TiB2 particles in the inner region of the functionally graded composites. It was determined that the abrasive wear properties of the composites were improved by 5 times with about 33 wt.% Al3Ti and by 3 times with about 7 wt.% TiB2 in comparison to the pure aluminum matrix.
Experimental measurement and thermodynamic model predictions of the distributions of Cu, As, Sb and Sn between liquid lead and PbO–FeO–Fe2O3–SiO2 slag
Authors: Shishin Denis , Hidayat Taufiq , Sultana Ummul , Shevchenko Maksym , Jak Evgueni
Published: August 2020

Due to the increasing complexity of materials processed in primary and secondary lead smelting, better control of impurity elements is required. In the present study, distributions of Cu, As, Sb and Sn between PbO–FeO–Fe2O3–SiO2 slag and Pb metal are characterized experimentally and analyzed using thermodynamic calculations. Experimental methodology involved closed-system equilibration of sample mixtures at high temperature followed by rapid quenching. The compositions of phases were measured using electron probe X-ray microanalysis and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Thermodynamic calculations were performed using the FactSage software coupled with an internal thermodynamic database. Experimentally obtained distribution coefficients wt.% in slag/wt.% in metal at 1 200 °C (1 473 K) follow the sequence Sn >> Cu > As ≈ Sb at P(O2) < 10−9.5 atm and Sn >> As ≈ Sb > Cu at P(O2) > 10−8.5 atm. Model predictions are in good agreement with the experiment.
Energy Sources for Fusion Additive Manufacturing Processes
Authors: Nassar Abdalla R. , Reutzel Edward W.
Published: August 2020

Fusion-based additive manufacturing (AM) processes rely on the formation of a metallurgical bond between a substrate and a feedstock material. Energy sources employed in the fusion AM process include conventional arcs, lasers, and electron beams. Each of these sources is discussed, with an emphasis on their principles of operation, key processing variables, and the influence of each source on the transfer of heat and material. Common energy sources used for metals AM processes, particularly powder-bed fusion and directed-energy deposition, are also discussed. Brief sections at the end of the article discuss the factors dictating the choice of each of these energy sources and provide information on alternative sources of AM.
Defects in Metal Additive Manufacturing Processes
Authors: Brennan M. , Keist J.S. , Palmer T.A.
Published: August 2020

The formation of defects within additive-manufactured (AM) components is a major concern for critical structural and cyclic load applications. Thus, understanding the mechanisms of defect formation in fusion-based processes is important for prescribing the appropriate process parameters specific to the alloy system and selected processing technique. This article discusses the formation of defects within metal additive manufacturing, namely fusion-based processes and solid-state/sintering processes. Defects observed in fusion-based processes include lack of fusion, keyhole collapse, gas porosity, solidification cracking, solid-state cracking, and surface-connected porosity. The types of defects in solid-state/sintering processes are sintering porosity and improper binder burnout. The article also discusses defect-mitigation strategies, such as postprocess machining, surface treatment, and postprocessing HIP to eliminate defects detrimental to properties from the as-built condition. The use of noncontact thermal, optical, and ultrasound techniques for inspecting AM components are also considered. The final section summarizes the knowledge gap in our understanding of the defects observed within AM components.
Vat-Photopolymerization-Based Ceramic Manufacturing
Authors: Li Xiangjia , Chen Yong
Published: August 2020

This article presents a detailed account of the processes involved in vat-photopolymerization-based fabrication of ceramics, namely bioceramics, structural ceramics, piezoelectric ceramics, optical ceramics, and polymer-derived ceramics. Information and methods of material preparation, curing characteristics, green-part fabrication, property identification, process design and planning, and quality control and optimization are introduced. The article also provides information on postprocessing techniques, namely debinding and sintering, as well as on the phenomenon of shrinkage and compensation.
ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ АУТЕНТИЧНОГО ИСПОЛНИТЕЛЬСТВА КАК ТЕНДЕНЦИЯ МУЗЫКАЛЬНОЙ КУЛЬТУРЫ XX-XXI ст.
Authors: Коденко И. И.
Published: August 2020

The article is devoted to the study of the authentic performance periods formation and the definition of their specifics. The evolution of the origin and formation of ancient ensembles, both instrumental and vocal, and their rapid growth around the world are analyzed. The works of many researchers are devoted to the study of ancient music: V. P. Kachmarchik, R. Taruskin, N. V. Sikorskaya, etc. but the lack of musicians attention and theoretical studies to the issues of specificity and authentic performance development are emphasized. As a result of work the review of the most known ensembles and ancient music performers of Western Europe, Russia and Ukraine of the second half of the XX-XXI centuries is made and also specificity of each ensemble is defined. The staging of «Dido and Aeneas» by I. Korol and «Boris Godunov» by A. Reshetin operas and their performing versions are compared. By the beginning of the XXI century, the phenomenon of Early Music has firmly taken its place among the other musical directions of our cultural life. The prospect of further research is in a detailed examination of each period of authentic performance.
ACTOPROTECTOR ACTIVITY OF 4-R-(IDENEAMINO)- 5-R-4Н-1,2,4-TRIAZOLE-3-THIOLS
Authors: Hlazunova T. V.  , Panasenko O. I.  , Knysh Ye. H.
Published: August 2020

In this study, actoprotector activity of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives is described. The biological activity of synthetic 4-R-(ideneamino)-5-R-4Н-1,2,4-triazole-3- thiols was analyzed. The forced swim test with a weight load of 10% of the test animal’s body weight was applied. According to the obtained results, compounds that contained NH4+ and CuSO4 substituents were among the most active, potency of which was close to that of the reference drug Riboxin. Introduction of propylamine, isopropylamine and piperazine groups into the molecule decreases the actoprotector activity. Compounds containing monoethanolamine, diethylamine, ethylamine, and magnesium sulfate moieties almost did not exhibit actoprotector activity.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ МЕТАКОГНІТИВНИХ ПРОЦЕСІВ В УЧНІВ ПОЧАТКОВОЇ ШКОЛИ
Authors: Захарчук Тетяна Миколаївна
Published: August 2020

The article discusses theoretical concepts and approaches to the problem of metacognitive processes, psychological aspects of the formation and development of meta processes in adulthood and childhood. The results of practical study and research of thinking processes in young school age in the context of metacognitive development are presented. The data of the survey of younger students in the framework of the development of educational programs are analyzed. The views of scientists on the problems of the purpose of processes in psychological science are revealed. The features of the development of mental operations in the framework of metacognition are considered.
TOOL FOR RESEARCHING THE DYNAMIC SYSTEM OF METAL-CUTTING MACHINE
Authors: Walid Ibrahim Alnusirat  , Litvin Оleksandr  , Ibrahim Farhan Alrefo  , Kravez Оleksandr
Published: August 2020

Dynamic characteristics of the system flexibility of the machine affect the accuracy of machining, so the study of this problem is very important. Fluctuations of the machine elements significantly affect the error of the shape of the workpiece. The quality of the processing is determined not so much by the static displacements between the tool and the workpiece but the stability of the machine system as a whole. There are many solutions of vibroacoustic diagnostics devices for machines and machine-tools in the related publications. Defects in the spectrum of vibroacustic signals are found in the process of manufacturing and assembling machines in the form of discrete components, parameters of which are used in vibroacoustic diagnostics as informative diagnostic features. Along with that there is, but not so common, another type of dynamic system analysis of the machine, which can be carried out by experimental methods, or, in particular, by simulating the perturbation of a dynamic system by cutting forces of special type. Imitated disturbance is carried out by using a tool of a special form. During the processing cutting edges of the tool create a pseudorandom process with certain statistical characteristics, in particular, the correlation function. The proposed design of the tool makes it possible to perform the research of frequency parameters of the dynamic system of the machine without complex loading devices.