bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Socio-economic and behavioral «portrait» of patients with myocardial infarction
Authors: Barbarash O. L. , Sedykh D. Yu. , Petrova T. S. , Hryachkova O. N. , Kashtalap V. V. , Artamonova G. V.
Published: July 2022

Aim. To identify the specifics of socioeconomic status and behavioral patterns in patients with myocardial infarction (MI) compared with the data of regional epidemiological study participants.

Material and methods. The study included participants aged 35–70 years permanently residing in the Kemerovo city or Kemerovo region. The study group consisted of patients with MI (n = 60), and the comparison group consisted of clinical and epidemiological study participants (the study was conducted by the Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases in 2015–2020 (n = 752). After matching, the study group included 28 patients; the comparison group included 428 participants. The data were collected using a questionnaire to identify the characteristics that determine the socioeconomic and behavioral «portrait» of the participants, their health status. Food Frequency Questionnaire was used to assess how often each food item was consumed over a specified period of time. International Questionnaire on Physical Activity was used to measure health-related physical activity of the subjects.

Results. All participants (with MI and from the epidemiological study) display negative behavior patterns that greatly increase the risk of experiencing cardiovascular events. However, patients with MI had a higher incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the medical history (p = 0.044), prior MI, peripheral arterial disease (p = 0.001); obesity was noted less frequently (p = 0.014). Patients with MI were more likely to be prescribed antihypertensive drugs (p = 0.001), at the time of the survey they were more likely to be active (p = 0.017) and passive (p = 0.001) smokers. Alcohol consumption at the time of the survey was noted more frequently in patients with MI (p = 0.040), while the majority of respondents from the general population did not consume alcohol (p = 0.038). Patients with MI were less likely to display low physical activity at work 7 days prior to hospitalization (p = 0.001). Simultaneously, patients with MI were less likely to consume cooked and seasonal vegetables, seasonal fruits (p = 0.001). Moreover, patients with MI were more likely to incorporate fatty (p = 0.003) and low-fat dairy products (p = 0.001), lean (p = 0.013) and fatty meat (p = 0.036) in their diet.

Conclusion. The established patterns of behavior in patients with MI and in the general population of the Kemerovo region do not differ significantly. A large number of people residing in Russia routinely makes unhealthy lifestyle choices, however, several «pro-atherogenic» characteristics can be identified in patients with MI.
Axiomatization of Some Basic and Modal Boolean Connexive Logics
Authors: Klonowski Mateusz
Published: July 2022

Boolean connexive logic is an extension of Boolean logic that is closed under Modus Ponens and contains Aristotle's and Boethius' theses. According to these theses (i) a sentence cannot imply its negation and the negation of a sentence cannot imply the sentence; and (ii) if the antecedent implies the consequent, then the antecedent cannot imply the negation of the consequent and if the antecedent implies the negation of the consequent, then the antecedent cannot imply the consequent. Such a logic was first introduced by Jarmużek and Malinowski, by means of so-called relating semantics and tableau systems. Subsequently its modal extension was determined by means of the combination of possible-worlds semantics and relating semantics. In the following article we present axiomatic systems of some basic and modal Boolean connexive logics. Proofs of completeness will be carried out using canonical models defined with respect to maximal consistent sets.
Unification in Pretabular Extensions of S4
Authors: Bashmakov Stepan I.
Published: July 2022

L.L. Maksimova and L. Esakia, V. Meskhi showed that the modal logic S4 has exactly 5 pretabular extensions PM1–PM5. In this paper, we study the problem of unification for all given logics. We showed that PM2 and PM3 have finitary, and PM1, PM4, PM5 have unitary types of unification. Complete sets of unifiers in logics are described.
Leadership Style and Entrepreneurial Leadership among University Students: A Literature Review
Authors: Abdul Aziz Shahrul Azuwar , Zainal Abiddin Norhasni
Published: July 2022

In recent years, various leadership techniques and styles have evolved into entrepreneurial practices but the problem of identifying one perfect leadership style compared to others especially on university students in Malaysia still needs to be explored. Therefore, this article aims to identify the types of leadership styles and entrepreneurial leadership among university students. From this article, it is expected to highlight the need for entrepreneurial leadership to improve student leadership by applying the appropriate type of leadership style in the 21st century. The literature review search can also help academics in the field of leadership in developing strategies and training programs targeting leadership and entrepreneurial skills to strengthen human resources in the industrial and education sectors in Malaysia.
Communicative Guanxi: Making Online Discussion Forums Come Alive
Authors: Krisnan Alice Shanthi Kasawi , Purwarno Purwarno , Suhendi Andang
Published: July 2022

The present study contributed to understanding the interactive language strategies that highlighted interactivity that leads to online Guanxi that facilitates interactivity in online discussion forums. Online discussion forums were selected for this study because this is where forum members come to seek and share information collaboratively. By using the analytical framework of Herring’s Computer-Mediated Discourse Analysis (CMDA), the study carried out a qualitative analysis of the naturally occurring data that was gathered from several online discussion forums discussing academic topics; the study investigated the language strategies that emerged from the data that seem to encourage interactivity in the online discussion forum. Interactivity was highlighted because it was observed that this variable was essential to keep the online discussion forum interaction on-going by encouraging the members to post. This study found that interactivity does not simply occur but must be intentionally built or worked upon in online discussion forums. Therefore, to increase interactivity in online discussion forums, forum members actively post to have discussions on-going. The study found that online Guanxi was necessary to increase interactivity in online discussion forums. Online Guanxi was formed when forum members felt the presence of others, and they trusted that the forum members would be able to share information that would be helpful. The whole process of seeking, sharing, and exchanging information was done by respecting one another’s “face”.
Debt to GDP Ratio from the Perspective of MMT with a Simple Microeconomic Foundation
Authors: Tanaka Yasuhito
Published: July 2022

This paper will argue that since the ratio of government debt to GDP cannot diverge to infinity, fiscal collapse is not possible. Using a macroeconomic model of a growing economy with a simple microeconomic foundation about consumers’ behavior, with overlapping generations model in mind, we show the following results: 1) The budget deficit including interest payments on the government bonds equals an increase in the savings from a period to the next period. 2) If the savings in the first period is positive (unless the savings are made solely through stocks), we need budget deficit to maintain full employment under constant prices or inflation in the later periods in a growing economy. 3) Excess budget deficit induces inflation under full employment. 4) Under an appropriate assumption about the propensity to consume, the debt to GDP ratio converges to a finite value. It does not diverge to infinity. 5) In the case of balanced budget excluding interest payments, if an appropriate weak assumption about the propensity to consume holds, the debt to GDP ratio cannot diverge to infinity. 6) When the propensity to consume is small, we need budget deficit, not budget surplus, to prevent the debt to GDP ratio to diverge infinity.
Yapı Bilgi Modelleme Standart ve Kılavuzların İçeriklerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: SELÇUK Onur , ÇALIŞ Gülben
Published: July 2022

Yapı Bilgi Modellemesi (YBM), son yıllarda teknolojinin ilerlemesi ile birlikte inşaat sektöründe oldukça ilgi görmeye başlamıştır. YBM adaptasyon süreci dünyada hızlı bir şekilde ilerleme kaydederken, Türkiye’de bu sürecin daha yavaş ilerlediği görülmektedir. YBM’nin inşaat sektörüne etkin, doğru ve hızlı adapte edilebilmesi için gelişmiş ülkelerin önem verdikleri ilk konunun YBM mevzuatları olduğu görülmektedir. Ancak, standart ya da kılavuz oluşturma süreçlerinin uzun zaman aldığı bilinmektedir. Bu nedenle gelişmiş ülkelerin YBM mevzuat süreçlerinde kamu, özel sektör ve üniversiteler ile işbirliği yaptıkları görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri (ABD) üniversitelerince geliştirilen ve YBM adaptasyon sürecinde ön plana çıkan standart ve kılavuzlarının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda, yedi ABD üniversitesinin hazırlamış olduğu YBM standart ve kılavuzlarının bölüm ve içerikleri araştırılarak karşılaştırmaları yapılmıştır. Sonuçların Türkiye’deki üniversiteler tarafından yapılacak YBM standart ve kılavuz çalışmalarına yararlı olacağı öngörülmektedir.
「科技讓護理更從容、護理讓科技更溫柔」—醫療科技結合流程再造之資訊系統開發經驗分享
Authors: 朱家慧 朱家慧
Published: July 2022

資訊科技不僅改變了我們的生活，也是醫療照護中重要的一環，更對病人安全產生極大的影響。財團法人醫院評鑑暨醫療品質策進會有鑑於智慧醫療的快速發展，期盼藉由跨界的合作、流程的整合及人才的培訓，讓醫療院所能達成醫療科技發展與病人安全2大目標，並朝向發展智慧醫院的目標前進。在跨界合作中，能讓我們所接觸的科技客製化成為醫療的需求；在流程整合後，能讓工作流程結合資訊流程，搭配品管的精神和手法，讓科技符合臨床所需；人才培訓部分則是希望能培養跨界合作、流程整合及團隊溝通相關人才。最後期望透過運用科技或系統的過程，讓醫療更有價值，並找出科技及系統的問題，逐一解決，為共同打造更安全的就醫環境而努力。

 

Information technology has changed people’s lives and plays a crucial role in health care, exhibiting pronounced effects on patient safety. Following the rapid development of smart health care, the Joint Commission of Taiwan hopes to engage in interdisciplinary cooperation, process integration, and talent training to enable healthcare institutions to meet the goals of developing medical technology, ensuring patient safety, and establishing smart hospitals. Interdisciplinary cooperation allows technology to be customized to meet medical demands; process integration involves work processes being merged with information processes and quality control being practiced so that technology can meet clinical needs; and talent training entails cultivating personnel who can realize interdisciplinary cooperation, process integration, and team communication. Technology or systems are expected to make health care more valuable. By identifying and solving technology and system problems, a safe healthcare environment can be created.

 
AI與智慧醫療—讓演算法幫助你活得更健康也更久
Authors: 黃一展 黃一展
Published: July 2022

隨著科技的進步，整合人工智能的醫療與照護逐漸在醫界佔有舉足輕重的地位。透過及早預防及定期追蹤分析，演算法可以判讀很多人類醫師難以察覺的病灶與病症，進而輔助診斷與治療。因AI與醫療的結合，未來也有機會落實普惠醫療，節省成本並弭平城鄉醫療資源不均的問題。

 

Following technological advancement, healthcare schemes integrating artificial intelligence (AI) has become increasingly prevalent. Through prevention medicine and regular follow-ups, AI algorithms identify lesions and diseases that are difficult for healthcare professionals to detect manually. This effectively facilitates diagnosis and treatment procedures. In the future, inclusive healthcare will become possible through the integration of AI technology into medicine, which reduces medical costs and mitigates the uneven allocation of healthcare resources between urban and rural areas.

 
Immanuel in Imperial Context: Isaiah, God, and History
Authors: Lovell Nathan
Published: July 2022

This article investigates the implications of the Immanuel prophecy for the doctrine of God and the political idea of Israel that emerge from the book of Isaiah. It does this in conversation with both the Immanuel tradition elsewhere in the OT, as well as with an alternative ideology that Isaiah encountered through Assyria. I argue that Isaiah’s use of Immanuel in the context of the Syro-Ephraimite crisis and Assyrian aggression (Isa 6–12) allows him to avoid framing Zion theology as an Israelite version of Assyrian imperialism. But, in doing so, Isaiah also implies that the transcendent, high, and lofty God of Isa 6 will be willing to be “with” a people suffering his own judgment.
A Question of First Importance: ἐν πρώτοις in 1 Corinthians 15:3
Authors: Fredericks Daniel C.
Published: July 2022

Many find Paul’s definition of his gospel in 1 Cor 15:3, and the verse’s prepositional phrase, ἐν πρώτοις, to be central for his definition—so much so that it is always rendered as a superlative in prominence, “as of first importance” or its equivalent in modern translations and commentaries. This article surveys the idiom ἐν πρώτοις throughout a 1,100-plus year history to determine whether it supports this translation. Though Paul alone among NT authors uses the phrase and only in 1 Cor 15:3, he would have been aware of its use in the LXX, Pseudepigrapha, and other Hellenistic and Classical Greek. A survey of translations of these texts challenges the consensus that the phrase means “as of first importance.” Other translations are considered and have varying degrees of probability: “among first important matters,” “among initial matters,” and “initially.”
Scaffolding strategy to enhance reading sub-skills among young-adult learners
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador sede Ambato EC180101, Ecuador, Ordóñez Andrés , Matts Janine ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador sede Ambato EC180101, Ecuador
Published: July 2022

The notion of scaffolding is widely used in education, where the real protagonist of the whole process is the learner. The teacher’s role, then, becomes more of that of a facilitator. The main objective of the present study was to improve the reading sub-skills of second semester students at the Quevedo State Technical University. The methodology used was semi-structured interviews and expert judgments. The results indicated that it is important that the teacher be familiar with the students’ competence and knowledge to know how to best help them, and what is most appropriate for their progress and pace of learning. To determine this, students should participate in different activities. In addition, it is essential that the university's language center promote ongoing training so that instructors can update their knowledge by taking professional training courses. Lastly, the approach of this research is purely qualitative since it is based on students' perceptions of which scaffolding strategies they believed were most useful to understand the readings.
Implementation of the test method for trackside emissions of magnetic disturbances from rolling stock according to ERA/ERTMS/033281
Authors: Nagórny Bartłomiej , Maćkowiak Adam , Rokossowski Michał , Sieczkarek Krzysztof , Szczepański Radosław , Warzyński Tomasz
Published: July 2022

The aim of the work presented in this article was to made and implement original computer software made in the LabVIEW environment. That program automate the measurement of emissions of magnetic disturbances coming from rolling stock. It is dedicated for oscilloscope card and RSAL 5340, RSAH 5324 rolling stock antennas for axle counter. The indicated algorithms of proceeding coming directly from the standards, additional own methods of fast data analysis was made. Communication between the measurement cards and computer using USB with self-power USB hab was used. The softawer is fully compatible with the requirements contained in the ERA/ERTMS/033281 [6].
Andragoška realnost menadžmenta u obrazovanju
Authors: Isanović Amina
Published: July 2022

The main intention of this paper is to highlight the importance of treating the issues of Educational Management from the perspective of andragogical relevance of the reality to which it refers. This paper elaborates the position that the encounter between Educational Management and Andragogy - both on the level of the praxis and the level of theory - would offer answers to some of the basic problems of the two fields at this moment of their individual developments. The author argues that this sort of encounter is needed for Educational Management in order for it to gain the purpose that will be in accordance with the values of educational context, in which the activities of educational management, leadership and administration are taking place. The emphasis is, therefore, put on the phenomenon of human relations. In this paper, it is treated as the element which brings Educational Management to a close encounter with pedagogical and andragogical reality of a school. The relevance of human relations for Educational Management is elaborated theoretically and empirically. The empirical part of the part of the paper is based on the findings gained from qualitative analysis of reports of school principals in Bosnia and Herzegovina related to the treatment of human relations management in their praxes.
Odnos prema radu i odgojna vrijednost rada
Authors: Miliša Zlatko , Perin Višnja
Published: July 2022

There are multiple aspects of the importance of work: economic, social, psychological, pedagogical and the like. Above all, work enables the existance of the individual and those who depend on her/him. In addition, work provides social interaction of individuals with their colleagues, it represents the source of social status and prestige, and also has a very high intrinsic value for individuals as a source of identity, self-esteem and self-actualisation. Work is therefore a central human value and one of the key factors for the individual development within the society. The article defines basic concepts and terms in the filed of work pedagogy, such as: work, pedagogical value of work, professional values, job satisfaction and preoccupation with work, work attitude, professional development and career guidance. Based on the outcomes of scientific research on work attitude, it can be relatively easy to predict the economic prosperity of a particular state, to update the relations between ethnic and ethical aspects of work, to use the therapeutic role of work in the communes for addicts which act on a maxim ''ora et labora'', analyse career guidance, retraining and further education needs (which are very important for individual and social development), alienation of people in the labour process (some sociologists consider work utilitarism as a distinguishing mark of worker alienation), work stimulation (every from of work attitude should be stimulated adquately, otherwise there will be no increasing work productivity). Thus it is also possible to recognise creative tasks and individuals (self-actualisation orientation isa a significant indicator of professions which are an expression of creativity), the role of spare time in the process of (dis)alienation from work and to predict social changes as well as the effectiveness of various reforms (in fossilised work attitude and education one cannot expect any progress in proposed reforms).
Perfil dos processos judiciais para acesso a medicamentos e insumos no Brasil: uma revisão de escopo
Authors: Alves Tomás Sinara , Souza Nívia Tavares Pessoa de , Jorge Maria Salete Bessa , Maia Paulo Henrique Mendes
Published: July 2022

Essa revisão tem como objetivo mapear o perfil dos processos judiciais de solicitação de medicamentos e insumos no Brasil. Trata-se de uma revisão scoping review, que utilizou estratégia de busca detalhada e individual para cada base de dados: Scopus, Web of Science, Medline/PubMed, Medline/Ebsco, Embase, Cinahl e Lilacs. Para a busca da literatura cinzenta considerou-se Google Acadêmico. Foram recuperados nas bases de dados 1.903 documentos, após aplicação dos critérios de exclusão 24 artigos fizeram parte da revisão. Esses foram categorizados utilizando como referência o Manual de Indicadores de Avaliação e Monitoramento das Demandas Judiciais de Medicamentos. Concluímos que ainda há amplo espaço para o desenvolvimento de pesquisas que abordem amplas perspectivas sobre a judicialização da saúde no Brasil.
Pareeksh
Authors: Kumar Narendra , Ramesh K. B. , Madhusudhan K. N.
Published: July 2022

The changes in the body conditions are reflected in the flow of blood throughout the body. These changes can be measured as body signals using appropriate sensors. With an improvement in technology and miniaturization of sensors, the healthcare sector has witnessed significant advancement over the years. The signals measured by such sensors carry important information regarding a person’s health and this paper presents a method to utilize the same.The signals acquired from the PPG and ECG sensors are filtered and denoised. Statistical analysis is performed on these signals and important features are extracted. This set of features are given to a trained machine learning model which produces the classifications that confirm the health status of the subject for further investigations.
Post-operative nursing safety practices for cardiac catheterization patients
Authors: Aldakheel Ali Hussein Ali
Published: July 2022

Background: In recent years, there has been a greater emphasis on the epidemiological of mistakes and adverse outcomes rather than on procedures that decrease such incidents. aim of study is to: Assess nurses Knowledge regarding preoperative nursing safety practices for cardiac catheterization patients. Methodology: The descriptive research design  was utilized for this study. and the sitting of the study was at AL Hussein teaching hospital in Al muthanna governorate. The subjects of the study consisted of all nurses (30 nurses) working at the above mentioned. The toll of the study included the safety practices in the postoperative phase cardiac catheterization. These were categorized a checklist  related to the availability of the equipment and safety items provided for patients at the catheterization unit. This checklist items was checked as being either available (2) ,or (1) not available (0). As regard safety it is a three Likert scale ranged from done completely  (2), done  incompletely (1), to not done (0). Result: the main results of study reveal that, there was no a highly significant relation between socio-demographic characteristics and nursing safety practices for cardiac catheterization patients at preoperative phase.
Evaluation of salivary alkaline phosphatase levels in tobacco users to determine its role as biomarker in oral potentially malignant disorders
Authors: Kumar Pratiksha , Ansari Iram , Bhargava Triveni , Kolay Sumanta Kumar , Agrawal Anuradha , Bhargava Anurag
Published: July 2022

Background: Although elevated salivary alkaline phosphatase (S-ALP) levels have been seen in oral squamous cell carcinoma, the status of S-ALP in cigarette users and those with oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) is less well understood. The study's goals and objectives were to assess and compare S-ALP levels in tobacco users, nonusers, and people with OPMD. Materials and Methods: The study included 150 people who were divided into four groups: those who did not use tobacco, tobacco smokers, those who are in habit of tobacco chewing, and those who are in the habit of tobacco chewing/smoking and had a lesion. unstimulated saliva (5 mL) was collected and centrifuged for 15 minutes at 3000 rpm, and the supernatant was separated. In an automatic analyzer, S-ALP was calculated in the supernatant using the kinetic photometric method. Results: The information gathered was subjected to statistical analysis. S-ALP levels were 17.90 IU/L in healthy people who didn't smoke, 4.58 IU/L in smokers who didn't have a lesion, and 7.52 IU/L in tobacco chewers who didn't have a lesion, and 64.92 IU/L in people with OPMD. Using Kruskal–Wallis' ANOVA, the mean difference between the groups was statistically significant (P 0.001).
Assessment of prescribing pattern in chronic liver disease (CLD) patients and rational use of medication in a tertiary care teaching hospital
Authors: Jangra Sarita , Bhyan Bhupinder , Johri Nishant , Kumar Deepanshu , Shaima K A , Mittal Abhilasha
Published: July 2022

Background: Chronic liver disease (CLD) is a condition of liver damage that includes cirrhosis and fibrosis of liver. It is a progressive destruction of liver functions due to inflammation, exertion of bile and detoxification of harmful products of metabolism. Objective : To assess the prescribing pattern in chronic liver disease patients and to facilitate rational use of medication. Method : A uni-centric prospective (observational) study was conducted for a period of 6 months for analyzing the prescribing pattern used in treating Chronic Liver Disease (CLD) patients. All the patients (both male and female) diagnosed with CLD visited to gastroenterology department were included in the study. Patients with pregnancy, age below 18 year and above 80 year were not involved in the study. Result: It was observed that the number of males accounted for the 64% of the total patients and rest 36% were females. CLD affected the age group of 48 – 58 years and the common causes were hepatitis C virus (55.55%) and alcohol consumption (26.19%).
level of predictive thinking among students of the Department of life sciences
Authors: Hadi Zahraa Salem , Khalaf Kareem Balasim
Published: July 2022

The current research aims to identify predictive thinking among students of the Department of Biology, and the research was limited to students of the third and fourth stage, Department of Life Sciences in the Colleges of Education Karbala and Qadisiyah (2021-2022). The descriptive correlative approach was adopted, and the sample size was (100) male and female students who were chosen randomly. To achieve the objectives of the research, the researcher prepared the research tool, which is the predictive thinking scale, which in its final form consisted of (36) paragraphs by (6) paragraphs for each skill, which is (the skill of anticipation, visualization, reflection, adaptation, planning, evaluation) and the following results were that the students of the Department of Life Sciences possess a high level of predictive thinking.
Influencia de los estimulos laborales en los empleados con la productividad empresarial
Authors:   Universidad Andina Néstor Cáceres Velásquez, Puno, Perú., HUMPIRI NÚÑEZ JIMY , HUMPIRI NÚÑEZ FLOR DE MARÍA ,   Universidad Nacional del Altiplano, Puno, Perú.
Published: July 2022

En la actualidad las organizaciones se tienen que adaptar y enfrentar a los distintos cambios en los mercados, así como también al constante cambio de las tecnologías, con el fin de mantener su rendimiento y productividad, sin embargo, a pesar de estos cambios, las organizaciones mantienen que el instrumento más importante para lograr los resultados esperados, son los empleados, ya que son estos quienes hacen uso de las tecnologías y de la puesta en marcha de los distintos procedimientos y planes de la organización. Para ello las organizaciones deben preocuparse por crear un clima organizacional que satisfaga las expectativas y necesidades, tanto personales como profesionales de sus empleados, así como también idear un plan de motivación y estimulo laboral, que se traduzca en contar con un personal que realice un desempeño laboral que se identifique y cumpla con la misión y visión de la organización, y de esta forma lograr que en conjunto organización y empleados, alcancen sus metas fijadas.
Análisis del Comercio Internacional y Aproximaciones al caso de América Latina
Authors:   Universidad de Guayaquil, Guayaquil, Ecuador., SEGARRA JAIME HUMBERTO PEDRO , ORELLANA INTRIAGO FERNANDO RODOLFO ,   Universidad de Guayaquil, Guayaquil, Ecuador.
Published: July 2022

El presente artículo tuvo como finalidad revisar conceptos del comercio exterior desde un análisis a la epistemología del mismo, al entorno económico internacional, así como la caracterización del comercio internacional y las tendencias actuales que maneja el comercio exterior en el caso particular de América Latina. Para ello se llevó a cabo la búsqueda de información en las bases de datos de artículos de revistas académicas y científicas, así como libros digitales, donde se aplicó la técnica revisión bibliográfica para comprender y conocer más a fondo las características de los temas anteriormente mencionados. La metodología aplicada fue una investigación documental, lo que permitió elaborar conclusiones generales de hechos particulares, para de esta manera analizar con mayor precisión el comercio exterior desde su epistemología, entorno, caracterización y tendencias actuales. Aportando que la epistemología del comercio internacional se fundamenta en las teorías de Adam Smith y de David Ricardo, determinando que el entorno económico internacional se debe analizar tomando en cuenta el entono microeconómico y macroeconómico. Mientras que el comercio internacional se caracteriza por intercambio de bienes económicos, la exportación, la importación, la obtención de divisas entre otros. Por otro lado, las aproximaciones al caso de América Latina en referencia al comercio internacional, muestra su peor desempeño a causa de la pandemia por COVID-19. Finalmente se reportan conclusiones para cada tópico analizado.
Análisis sobre el consumo, producción y mercado
Authors:   Investigador Independiente, Ecuador., LOOR CARVAJAL VIVIANA MARICELA
Published: July 2022

En esta investigación se plantearon diferentes teorías que consagran la importancia a la economía como una ciencia que influye en las condiciones de las personas y sociedades, a través de la aplicación de políticas gubernamentales como de los mecanismos aplicados por cada uno de los sectores involucrados. Dentro de la economía se encuentran diversas teorías que explican los fenómenos económicos, tales como la teoría de la conducta del consumidor, la teoría de la producción y de la teoría de los costos. Conoceremos cuales son las actividades que cumplen cada uno de los aspectos, como el consumidor, el producto y el mercado de las diferentes actividades económicas.
Análisis de los créditos bancarios en las microempresas familiares de Guayaquil
Authors:   Investigador Independiente, Ecuador., LOOR CARVAJAL VIVIANA MARICELA
Published: July 2022

Las empresas son parte fundamental en el desarrollo de un país, de estas dependen en gran medida la existencia de oportunidades de empleo, que se traduce en bienestar social. El objetivo de esta investigación se basa en analizar los créditos bancarios en las microempresas familiares de Guayaquil, partiendo de una investigación con un diseño bibliográfico de tipo documental. A pesar de la frágil recuperación durante estos tiempos postpandemia, es fundamental lograr un mayor financiamiento con políticas más adecuadas para crear mecanismos que permitan solventar las deudas de las empresas, en especial de las microempresas a pesar del tamaño que estas tienen, deben considerar aspectos importantes a nivel organizativo pues, son especialmente esenciales para la supervivencia de las microempresas en el mercado. A pesar del ánimo y la disposición que tienen, cada vez surge más competencia que dificulta la atención por parte de entidades bancarias que puedan prestar apoyo económico, aunado a esto los altos porcentajes de interés, la cantidad excesiva de documentos que solicitan para gestionar los créditos y las altas cuotas que les exigen cancelar. Sin embargo, a pesar de estas dificultades el Estado ha prestado mayor atención en este sector, puesto que han sido parte fundamental del desarrollo económico antes, durante y después de la crisis sanitaria por COVID-19 y que gran parte de estas microempresas han podido sobrevivir a estas dificultades.
Factibilidad de la inversión de capital de las microempresas para disminuir las fluctuaciones económicas en la era post covid-19
Authors:   Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí, Jipijapa, Ecuador., SOLEDISPA RODRÍGUEZ XAVIER ENRIQUE
Published: July 2022

El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar la factibilidad de la inversión de capital de las microempresas que les permita disminuir las fluctuaciones económicas en la era postcovid-19, de manera que puedan ser capaces de mantener en el tiempo. Para ello se aplicó una metodología con diseño bibliográfico de tipo documental. Las microempresas para poder conocer cuan factible es invertir capital en su estructura es necesario conocer una serie de pasos y evaluar matemáticamente costos, gastos y el tiempo que tardaría en retornar el dinero que desea invertir de manera que pueda conocer si es factible o no el proyecto que desean encaminar. Es necesario tener la capacidad administrativa y conocimientos de organización para poder determinar los aspectos relevantes que le permitan desarrollar su inversión sin contratiempos y que genere beneficios económicos.
How to be an Eliminativist
Authors: Rosenberg Alexander
Published: July 2022

In the 40 years since its first promulgation, contemporary eliminativism about intentional content has secured considerable additional support in the form of both neuroscientific findings and an absence of significant counter-evidence within the now greatly expanded study of the brain and its components. This paper reports some of the most telling of these results. Three serious issues remain to be dealt with by philosophical proponents of eliminativism: claims that neuroscience’s frequent use of the word “representation” requires or presupposes that neural circuitry actually carries such content, claims that the phenomenology of first-person introspection reveals the undeniable existence of intentional content, and arguments to the effect that eliminativism is self-refuting, contradictory or pragmatically paradoxical, owing to its claim that there are no true assertions. This paper addresses these three arguments against eliminativism.
Neurocognitive Mechanisms A Situated, Multilevel, Mechanistic, Neurocomputational, Representational Framework for Biological Cognition
Authors: Piccinini Gualtiero
Published: July 2022

I introduce three themes: egalitarian ontology, explanatory integration, and neural computation-cum-representation. I argue that all levels of composition and realization are ontologically on a par (no level is more fundamental than the others). In addition, I argue that all levels
and their relations must be studied and integrated within multilevel mechanistic explanations. Finally, I argue that neural computation and representations ought to be understood in their own right and cognition explained in their terms. In the end, biological cognition is explained by situated,
multilevel, neurocomputational, representational mechanisms.
Las conmemoraciones de la Independencia en la ciudad capital de la República Federal de Centroamérica: entre fiestas cívicas y actividades religiosas (1823-1830)
Authors: Sevilla Galeano Julio José , Cardona Amaya José Manuel
Published: July 2022

El 15 de septiembre de 1821, las cinco provincias que componían el Reino de Guatemala, se declararon independientes del Imperio Español. Esta fecha es conmemorada en los calendarios cívicos de estos cinco Estados y es la celebración secular a la que se le otorga mayor reverencia, uniendo a los distintos actores políticos de los países. Esta fiesta fue instaurada en 1823, por la Asamblea Constituyente de las Provincias Unidas de Centroamerica y sufrió rápidas transformaciones en su método de ejecución. En este artículo se exploran las primeras celebraciones de la independencia en la República Federal de Centroamérica, desde 1823 hasta 1830, con el propósito de comprender cómo esta se fue configurando hasta adquirir una forma consolidada.
Desarrollo de competencias digitales: factor crítico en la formación del docente universitario
Authors: Turcios Peraza Paola Waleska
Published: July 2022

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo examinar las competencias digitales en los docentes universitarios de Honduras, basados en la propuesta de competencias del Instituto Nacional de Tecnologías Educativas y de Formación del profesorado de España, misma que se fundamenta en cinco variables que deben tener los catedráticos en el ámbito digital. La metodología del mismo es no experimental, tipo descriptivo, utilizando datos cualitativos y cuantitativos, aplicado a docentes universitarios de Honduras, a través de una encuesta digital de un instrumento validado del documento “Validación de constructo de un instrumento para medir la competencia digital docente de los profesores”, publicado en la revista española de pedagogía. En el análisis realizado se concluye que la mayoría de los docentes universitarios a pesar de su diversidad generacional, tienen las habilidades digitales, criterios para la elección de información y almacenamiento de información. De igual forma en el instrumento se hizo correlación de las preguntas del instrumento y validar de esa forma la información obtenida.
Gestión y Políticas Públicas: un enfoque cultural
Authors: Mejía Mario Hernán
Published: July 2022

Agradezco en primera instancia la invitación a participar en este II Encuentro Internacional de Gestores Culturales con el tema “Sostenibilidad y Ciudadanía” en un momento clave para la historia política y social de Bolivia. Gracias a las instancias organizadoras, en especial a la Fundación Visión Cultural y a su Presidenta, colega y amiga Norma Campos Vera; así como al Gobierno Autónomo Municipal de La Paz y a las autoridades de la ciudad de Santa Cruz de la Sierra. La idea de esta conferencia es hacer un análisis y valoración sobre las funciones de las políticas culturales territoriales y su vinculación con los planes de desarrollo y otras políticas públicas sociales y económicas a partir de la identificación de las múltiples intersecciones entre cultura y desarrollo.
Informe sobre la Fábrica de Harinas "La Esperanza", de Alcalá de Henares (Madrid)
Authors: Comisión de Monumentos y Patrimonio Histórico
Published: July 2022

Informe de la Comisión de Monumentos y Patrimonio Histórico de la Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando sobre la idoneidad de incoar el expediente de Declaración de Bien de Interés Cultural en la Categoría de bien de interés industrial, de la antigua fábrica de harinas La Esperanza en Alcalá de Henares, Madrid.
From Acting to Action: Delphine Seyrig, Les Insoumuses, and Feminist Video in 1970s France
Authors: Zapperi Giovanna
Published: July 2022

Mostly known as one of the leading actresses in 1960s-1970s French cinema, Delphine Seyrig was also a media and a feminist activist working collaboratively within the framework of the women’s liberation movement. This article proposes to tackle Seyrig’s involvement in feminist video production the 1970s and explores the continuum she inhabited, from the auteur cinema in which she was actress and muse, to the disobedient practices in which she was video maker, actress and activist. Seyrig’s meditation on her work as an actress, as well as on the patriarchal structures sustaining the film industry, strongly resonates with recent debates prompted by the #metoo movement.
Lucy Reynolds, Women Artists, Feminism, and the Moving Image. Bloomsbury, 2019
Authors: Vasko Jillian
Published: July 2022

Review Essay
Efeitos da cirurgia metabólica para indivíduos com Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2: uma alternativa terapêutica no Sistema Único de Saúde do Distrito Federal
Authors: Sá Diana Aristótelis Rocha de , Fortes Renata Costa
Published: July 2022

A cirurgia metabólica é um conjunto de intervenções realizadas no trato digestório de indivíduos com obesidade grau I (índice de massa corporal - IMC entre 30 e 34,9kg/m2) e diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) que não respondem ao tratamento convencional (dietoterapia, farmacoterapia, psicoterapia e atividade física) a, pelo menos, dois anos de seguimento clínico e nutricional regular. O propósito da cirurgia metabólica é alcançar a melhora e/ou a remissão do DM2 e, em consequência, de outras comorbidades associadas à obesidade. A inclusão da cirurgia metabólica como opção terapêutica para indivíduos com DM2, no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), foi aprovada em 2019 na Câmara Legislativa do Distrito Federal (CLDF) por meio da Lei n° 6.343/2019. A lei garante a continuidade do trabalho e o tratamento cirúrgico aos pacientes, sendo uma opção segura e efetiva ao diabético não obeso grave, antes que venha a óbito por complicações e/ou apresente sequelas devido à falta de efetividade terapêutica. O objetivo deste capítulo é descrever os efeitos da cirurgia metabólica para indivíduos com DM2 no SUS.
GIOVANI IN MOVIMENTO: MULTILINGUI, CONNESSI, SPESSO ANALFABETI. UNA NUOVA MIGRAZIONE FRA RISORSE E BISOGNI
Authors: D’Agostino Mari
Published: July 2022

Le recenti migrazioni di giovani che viaggiano da soli, arrivati di recente in Italia attraverso la rotta del Mediterraneo, mostrano nuove caratteristiche in termini di profili individuali e di esperienze di connessioni digitali. Essi hanno acquisito nuove competenze, saperi e punti di vista durante il lungo periodo di spostamento e al momento dell’arrivo in Italia. Inoltre, la mobilità è spesso accompagnata da una segregazione fisica e spaziale nei contesti di transito e di arrivo. Questo articolo focalizza l’attenzione sulle risorse e sulle necessità (anche di tipo linguistico) di questi giovani e sulle esperienze didattiche di ItaStra.
 
Young people on the move: multilingual, connected, often without literacy. A new migration between resources and needs
Recent migrations of young people who travel alone and who have recently arrived in Italy via the Mediterranean route show new characteristics in terms of individual profiles and experience of digital connections. These young people acquired new skills, knowledge, and points of view during the long period of displacement and upon arrival in Italy. Moreover, mobility is often accompanied by physical and spatial segregation in transit and arrival contexts. This paper focuses on resources and needs (also linguistic) of these young people during ItaStra’s ten-year teaching experience.
The association of CD4 lymphocyte count with drug hypersensitivity reaction to highly active antiretroviral therapy, trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole, and antitubercular agents in human immunodeficiency virus patients
Authors: Tarranza Jannah Lee S. , Ang Maria Carmen D.
Published: July 2022

Background

The introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and antibiotic regimens for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and its concomitant opportunistic infections, respectively, significantly improve the morbidity and mortality of the infected patients. However, these drugs commonly cause drug hypersensitivity reactions (DHRs) in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The reason proposed are multifactorial, which includes immune hyperactivation, changes in drug metabolism, patient cytokine profiles, oxidative stress, genetic predisposition, and the principal target in HIV patients, the CD4+ lymphocytes.

Objective

This study determined the association of CD4 count and DHRs to first-line HAART, trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole, and antitubercular agents among HIV patients.

Methods

This is a retrospective analytical study. Review of charts were done. The demographic and clinical profile used a descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation for quantitative data and frequency and percent for categorical data. Chi-square and Fisher exact tests were used to measure the degree of the relationship of CD4 count and DHRs.

Results

A total of 337 eligible patients were included. There was a 25% incidence of hypersensitivity reactions. However, the prevalence of DHRs across the different CD4 groups was not statistically significant (p = 0.167). Likewise, the study found no significant association between the CD4 count and DHRs to first-line HAART, trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole, and antitubercular agents (p = 0.311). The most common DHR was morbilliform rash, and nevirapine was the most reported antiretroviral drug causing DHR.

Conclusion

There was no association in the CD4 count and DHRs to first-line HAART, trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole, and antitubercular agents. Hence, regardless of the baseline CD4 lymphocyte count, the physician should be vigilant in monitoring hypersensitivity reactions. Patient education on common DHRs is very important upon diagnosis of HIV and/or initiation of treatment.
تقدير الاحتياجات المائية لبعض المحاصيل باستخدام طريقتي بنمان المعدلة و بنمان مونتيث– فاو 98 لمنطقة سهل بنغازي
Authors: اخنيفر علي العقاب , بوبريق حافظ محمد يوسف
Published: July 2022

أجريت هذه الدراسة للمقارنة بين نتائج استخدام كل من معادلة بنمان المعدلة باعتبارها من أكثر الطرق الحسابية شيوعا في تقدير قيمة البخر نتح المرجعي، كما أنها مبنية على العلاقات الإيروديناميكية والحرارية بين العوامل المناخية المختلفة والبخر نتح المرجعي الناتج، ومعادلة بنمان مونتيث لكونها تطوير لمعادلة بنمان المعدلة وتتميز بالأداء الدقيق والثابت نسبياً في كل من المناخ الجاف والمناخ الرطب كما تعتبر أحدث المعادلات الحسابية والموصى بها من قبل منظمة الأغذية والزراعة العالمية، ومن خلال مقارنة نتائج البخر نتح المرجعي بين معادلة بنمان المعدلة  ومعادلة بنمان مونتيث، تبين أن معادلة بنمان المعدلة تعطي تقديرات أعلى للبخر نتح المرجعي من معادلة بنمان المعدلة وأن الفروق بين نتائج المعادلتين فروقٌ معنوية حيث أظهرت نتائج التحليل الإحصائي لاختبار t أن القيمة الجدولية أكبر من القيمة المحسوبة عند مستوى معنوي مقداره 0.05. أما عند مقارنة نتائج البخر نتح المرجعي للمحصول ومقارنة نتائج احتياجات الري لكل محصول بشكل منفرد تبين أن محاصيل الخضر التي تزرع في الموسم الصيفي وتروى بنظام الري بالتنقيط وكذلك المحاصيل الحقلية الشتوية مثل القمح والشعير والشوفان والتي تروى بنظام الري بالرش تكون الفروق بين نتائج المعادلتين ليست معنوية. أما المحاصيل الصيفية مثل الذرة الرفيعة والذرة الشامية والبرسيم الحجازي وأشجار الفاكهة مثل الخوخ والمشمش فقد كانت الفروق بين نتائج المعادلتين معنوية، مع ملاحظة أن هذه المقارنات قد أجريت بالاعتماد على القيم التقريبية لمعاملات المحصول المستخدمة مع معادلة بنمان المعدلة، والاعتماد على المعاملات المعدلة المستخدمة مع معادلة بنمان مونتيث، وقد أُجريت هذه المقارنات بشكل منفرد لكل محصول على حدة. كما أُجريت المقارنة بين نتائج احتياجات الري مقدرة بالمعادلتين للتركيبة المحصولية للمشاريع المروية ولمساحة مروية مقدارها 19676 هكتارا، وقد بينت النتائج وجود تقارب في قيم البخر نتح وقيم الاحتياجات المائية للري بين نتائج المعادلتين وأن الفروق بين نتائج المعادلتين لم تكن معنوية، مع التأكيد على استخدام منهج معامل المحصول المفرد مع معادلة بنمان مونتيث، ومن خلال النظر إلى نتائج هذه المقارنة فقد يكون من الممكن القول إن اعتماد أي من معادلة بنمان المعدلة ومعاملات المحاصيل التقريبية المنشورة سابقا أواعتماد معادلة بنمان مونتيث مع منهج معامل المحصول المفرد وتعديل هذه المعاملات للظروف المحلية لا يشكل فارقا معنويا في حساب الاحتياجات المائية للمحاصيل وذلك فيالجوانب المتعلقة بعملية التخطيط لدراسة التوازن المائي وتصميم المشاريع حيث أعطى كلاهما نتائج متقاربة لتقدير الاحتياجات المائية لمشروع سهل بنغازي.
Studies on aquatic and marshland flora of Gola Gokarannath tehsil in Lakhimpur-Kheri District (U.P.)
Authors: Misra Vinay , Sharma S.
Published: July 2022

The present paper deals with an investigation of aquatic and marshland flora of Gola Gokarannath tehsil. A total of 164 aquatic and marshland species belonging to 104 genera and 54 families are reported from the area. Their ecological classification, phenology and field numbers are also dealt with. On the basis of dominance six associations viz. Nymphaea-Hydrilla, Nymphoides-Vallisneria, Ludwigia-Scirpus-Eragrostis, Ammannia-Carex-Cyperus, Eleocharis-Cyperus-Scirpus, Limnophila-Cyperus-Ludwigia are observed in aquatic and marshland vegetation of the study area.