bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mediatization and Hypermediation in Digital Religion and the Transformation of Indonesian Muslim Religious Practices through Social Media Usage
Authors: Sito Rohmawati Hanung , Zulkifli  , Hakiem Nashrul
Published: February 2025

This article examines mediatization and hypermediation in digital religion concerning contemporary Muslim religious practices, particularly in Indonesia, through social media. This study employed a qualitative approach through library study of offline and online sources. The findings reveal that mediatization has altered the way Indonesian Muslims understand and practice their religion. Social media facilitates virtual religious practices and creates a hybrid space between online and offline religious activities. Hypermediation, through platforms such as Instagram and WhatsApp, strengthens individual religious identity and collectively reinforces religious communities. Social media also affects the structure of religious communities by challenging traditional authority through the emergence of popular religious figures in the virtual world. This article contributes significantly to understanding religious transformation in the digital age and is a foundation for further research. The article emphasizes the importance of understanding the social and cultural implications of integrating social media into Muslim religious practices in Indonesia. It highlights the complexity of the relationship between religion, technology, and identity in the current context of digital globalization
Implementasi Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Pembelajaran MIPA
Authors: Rezeki Sri , Fitriani Indah , Ramadhani Febrina
Published: February 2025

This research aims to: 1) describe the implementation of HOTS in the learning process on student learning outcomes in Mathematics and Natural Sciences learning; and 2) describe the supporting and inhibiting factors in implementing HOTS in Mathematics and Natural Sciences learning. The method used in this research is the Systematic Literature Review method or literature study which focuses on the process of reviewing and analyzing thoroughly several pieces of literature that are appropriate to the research topic. The results of this research show that: 1) the application of HOTS in the Mathematics and Natural Sciences learning process has proven to be effective in improving student learning outcomes. This effectiveness can be seen from changes in students' cognitive aspects, where in conventional learning they tend to use low-level thinking (LOTS), while with the implementation of HOTS, they begin to develop high-level thinking abilities, such as critical, creative and evaluative thinking. These three aspects equip students with a more mature mindset, enabling them to face and solve various problems in various situations; and 2) supporting factors for HOTS implementation include teacher competency, facilities and infrastructure, classroom management and learning planning. Meanwhile, the inhibiting factors in implementing HOTS are inadequate teacher education qualifications and a relatively low level of teacher understanding regarding HOTS.
Keywords: Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS), learning outcomes, literature review.
An analysis of the adoption level of modern tea cultivation techniques by the small tea growers (STGs) of Nilgiris district
Authors: Bharathwaaj A , Balasubramaniam P
Published: February 2025

The small tea growers (STGs) of the Nilgiris district play a significant role in Indias’ tea industry, contributing notably to state and national production. Despite advancements in tea cultivation technologies, the adoption rates among these growers remain suboptimal, primarily due to limited access to modern techniques and resources. Tamil Nadu Agricultural University’s Directorate of Open and Distance Learning (DODL) introduced a certificate course in Tea Cultivation Technology to address this gap. This particular study utilizes an Ex-post facto research design. The study was conducted in 2023 and 2024 in the Nilgiris and Coimbatore districts, a major tea-growing tract in Tamil Nadu, India. Using Simple random sampling method, 120 tea growers were selected as the sample size during the survey. A wellstructured pre-tested interview schedule was prepared and the information was collected using personalized interview. Descriptive Statistics, Correlation and Regression analysis followed by Garrett ranking were computed to analyze the adoption level, constraints faced and the suggestions given by the Tea Growers. Based on the findings, this study revealed that most tea growers (49.17%) had a medium level of adoption after enrolling in the certificate course. The most significant challenge was the lack of exposure visits and practical classes (14.72%) followed by inadequate home learning environment. The most ranked suggestion is to enhance the course by increasing hands-on experience sessions and exposure visits (56.66%). Thus, the tea growers consider distance learning a useful educational tool for expanding their knowledge and understanding of agricultural technologies and implementing them at the field level, enabling them to enhance farm conditions and explore business venture opportunities.
On multiplicity of solutions to nonlinear Dirac equation with local super-quadratic growth
Authors: Liao Fangfang , Chen Tiantian
Published: February 2025

In this article, we study the following nonlinear Dirac equation:

−
i
α

⋅

∇

u
+
a
β
u
+
V

(

x

)

u
=
g

(

x
,
∣
u
∣

)

u
,

x
∈

R

3

.

-i\alpha \hspace{0.33em}\cdot \hspace{0.33em}\nabla u+a\beta u+V\left(x)u=g\left(x,| u| )u,\hspace{1em}x\in {{\mathbb{R}}}^{3}.

The Dirac operator is unbounded from below and above so the associated energy functional is strongly indefinite. Compared with some existing issues, the most interesting problem in this article is that we assume that the nonlinearity satisfies a local super-quadratic growth condition, which is weaker than the usual global version. This case allows the nonlinearity to be super-quadratic at some domains and asymptotically quadratic at other domains. Using variational tools together with deformation lemma, genus theory, and some special techniques, we prove the existence of ground-state solutions and infinitely many geometrically distinct solutions under local super-quadratic growth condition. Our results complement and extend the related results of Bartsch and Ding [Solutions of nonlinear Dirac equations, J. Differ. Equ. 226 (2006), 210–249] and of Chen et al. [Ground state solutions for the Dirac equation with periodic external force field, Sci. Sin. Math. (Chinese) 54 (2024), 747–764].
Recent scenario of e-waste recycling: chemical engineering
Authors: Bhattacharjee Jyoti , De Arghya , Kamila Biswajit , Mandal Arindam
Published: February 2025

The exponential growth of electronic waste pollution, including outdated electrical equipment, is a significant environmental and health concern. To protect the ecosystem from e-waste contamination, chemical engineering with its prominent processes such as leaching, pyrolysis, etc. can take a leading role in resource recovery, eco-friendly waste management, and sustainable e-waste recycling. This review presents a detailed analysis of e-waste recycling technologies from the chemical engineering perspective. Several smart solutions are discussed for managing and recovering important e-waste components, including semiconductor chips, metals (Pb, Al, Steel, Ni, Ag, Au, Pd), rare-earth minerals, etc. Various metals recovered by electro-winning from cell phones, and integrated circuits, can be used to produce corrosion-resistant appliances, IoT (Internet of Things) devices like sensors, and robotics related to chemical sciences. This paper concentrates on strategies for recovering materials that can be used to make chemical engineering equipment and IoT devices, along with the roadblocks and potential connected with these strategies. This study compares the various e-waste recycling procedures on photoelectronic trash from the last few years. The paper also focuses on green upcycling and effective e-trash management from discarded keyboards into value-added goods like musical tools and innovative artistic sculptures and also from seawater. This paper portrays the pyrometallurgical and valorization of digital rubbish such as printed circuit boards (PCBs), reactors, and transistors for e-waste-based nanorobots. This review also emphasizes the difficulty of managing the growing amounts of e-waste globally and the damaging effects on the environment and human health caused by improper disposal.
Luminescence thermometry based on photon emitters in nanophotonic silicon waveguides
Authors: Sandholzer Kilian , Rinner Stephan , Edelmann Justus , Reiserer Andreas
Published: February 2025

The reliable measurement and accurate control of the temperature within nanophotonic devices is a key prerequisite for their application in both classical and quantum technologies. Established approaches use sensors that are attached in proximity to the components, which only offers a limited spatial resolution and thus impedes the measurement of local heating effects. Here, we, therefore, study an alternative temperature sensing technique that is based on measuring the luminescence of erbium emitters directly integrated into nanophotonic silicon waveguides. To cover the entire temperature range from 295 K to 2 K, we investigate two different approaches: The thermal activation of nonradiative decay channels for temperatures above 200 K and the thermal depopulation of spin and crystal field levels at lower temperatures. The achieved sensitivity is 0.22(4) %/K at room temperature and increases up to 420(50) %/K at approximately 2 K. Within a few-minute measurement interval, we thus achieve a measurement precision that ranges from 0.04(1) K at the lowest studied temperature to 6(1) K at ambient conditions. In the future, the measurement time can be further reduced by optimizing the excitation pulse sequence and the fiber-to-chip coupling efficiency. Combining this with spatially selective implantation promises precise thermometry from ambient to cryogenic temperatures with a spatial resolution down to a few nanometers.
“This is How the Students Graduate!”: Cuban Conservatories as Infrastructures of Musical Globalization
Authors: Bischofberger Alexandre
Published: February 2025

Contributing to the study of musical globalization from a Latin American perspective, this article responds to the current critique of “Eurasian centrism” in global history. The analysis of music conservatories founded in Cuba around 1900 shows how intertwined connectivity and disconnectivity were in musical globalization processes. Modeled on European examples, they served Cuban musicians to develop their careers in the Caribbean and the Atlantic world. At the same time, the consolidation of high-level professional training in Cuba made musical education and professionalism less dependent on travels to Europe. For the professional projects of non-European musicians, the Cuban conservatories highlight two functions of musical infrastructures: first, their adoption and imparting of European musical knowledge. Conservatories were crucial for Cuban musicians and equipped them with the necessary prestige to start a professional career. Second, conservatories as musical infrastructures opened education to a wider circle of students, among them a rising number of women and musicians of color. This article argues that the establishment of conservatories therefore initiated emancipatory social developments and provided professional empowerment within Cuba’s musical life.
A Dialogue of Mutual Recognition
Authors: Mathiasen Stopa Sasja Emilie
Published: February 2025

Lutheran theology is faced with the challenge of rearticulating the human relationship to God in justification in a way that is not only consistent with the biblical and theological tradition but also makes sense to modern human beings who inhabit a society of widespread biblical and theological illiteracy. In this article, I suggest rephrasing this relationship as a dialogue of mutual recognition between God and the human being. I ground this suggestion in a reinterpretation of Martin Luther’s understanding of justification as a dialogical process of identity formation whereby God and humans are mutually recognised. In the justifying dialogue, the individual is recognised as a you in relation to God’s creative and saving I. Moreover, God is recognised as God when humans answer his initial address and call on him in prayer and in praise. Emphasising the role of the human response in the process of justification highlights the importance of the community of believers who express their answer to God’s word of law and gospel through prayer and songs of worship.
Multilingual science: discussing language as a place of encounter in knowledge production and exchange
Authors: Suzina Ana Cristina
Published: February 2025

Several recent studies collected evidence that demonstrates a linguistic disadvantage negatively affecting publication records of scholars using English as an additional language. This article frames these issues from three complementary perspectives, that are: a decolonial perspective, a perspective on disruptive capacity, and a participatory perspective. This systematization, based on literature review, allows to summarize a certain number of problems raised by previous studies and claims a shift from discrimination to domination debates. This posture still recognizes prejudices embedded in the publishing dynamics, but highlights that the latter can only exist in a system where science is perverted by commodified productive objectives. The present systematization also supports a solution that puts the multilingualism as a milestone sufficiently flexible to include different stages of progress in intercultural translation, while keeping high standards of academic production on the horizon. In a multilingual system, a collective mindset, intercultural translation, and a reviewed understanding of academic literacy recover the objectives of academic publishing as making science advance for the benefit of living conditions. This review sheds light on necessary changes that need to be implemented by funding agencies, publishing organizations, editors, peer-reviewers, authors and readers collectively. It demonstrates that making academic publication fairer to English as second language scholars will make it equally more meaningful for the whole society.
Menschen im Amt. Verletzbarkeit in der politischen Kommunikation der Gegenwart
Authors: Müller Julian , Séville Astrid
Published: February 2025

Dieser Beitrag rückt das Verhältnis von Verletzbarkeit und Politik in den Mittelpunkt. Der Fokus liegt dabei weder auf erlittener oder angedrohter physischer Gewalt noch auf der Vulnerabilität marginalisierter Gruppen, sondern auf gegenwärtigen Selbstdarstellungen des politischen, bisweilen sogar regierenden Personals. Gegenstand der Analyse ist die kommunikativ ausgestellte Verletzbarkeit politischer Akteure. Ein besonderes Augenmerk liegt auf den Medien und Formaten, die eine derartige Kommunikation von Verletzbarkeit möglich machen und verstärken. Gerade in Podcasts lässt sich derzeit ein öffentliches Sprechen politischer Akteure beobachten, das die eigene Verletzungsoffenheit ausstellt und somit das Verhältnis von Nahbarkeit und Distanz, von Sachlichkeit und Persönlichkeit in der Politik neu auslotet. Das macht es notwendig, klassische Begriffe und Konzepte der politischen Soziologie wie etwa ‚Macht‘, ‚Repräsentation‘, ‚Amt‘ und ‚Person‘ erneut zu befragen.
Head-on collision phenomena and coherent structures of ion-acoustic waves in dusty plasmas: adiabatic pair ions and combined kappa-Cairns distributed electrons
Authors: Imon Umma , Shah Alam Mohammad
Published: February 2025

To investigate the effects of head-on collision (such as collision processes, phase shifts due to head-on collisions of ion-acoustic waves) and the formation of ion-acoustic (IA) KdV solitons, rogue waves (RWs), AB and KM solitons structures, an unmagnetized collisionless dusty plasma system comprising immobile (negatively charged) dust, positive and negative ions (adiabatic), and the combined Kappa–Cairns (CKC) distributed electrons in the space environment (such as

H

+

,

O

2

−

and

H

+

,

H

−

$\left({\mathrm{H}}^{+},{\mathrm{O}}_{2}^{-}\right) \text{and} \left({\mathrm{H}}^{+},{\mathrm{H}}^{-}\right)$

plasma that existed in the D- and F-regions of the Earth’s ionosphere) and in the laboratory experiment (such as

A

r

+

,

F

−

$\left(\mathrm{A}{\mathrm{r}}^{+},{\mathrm{F}}^{-}\right)$

plasma), is considered. The extended Poincaré–Lighthill–Kuo (ePLK) method is employed to derive the two-sided Korteweg de Vries (KdV) equations and corresponding phase shifts. The nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE) is derived employing the derivative expansion method from the modified KdV (mKdV) equation. It is found that the concerned plasma parameters play a crucial role in forming the soliton structures, phase shifts, and the interaction processes of KdV solitons. The outcomes of this study will be useful to understand the collisional procedure, phase shifts, and the configurations of ion-acoustic KdV solitons, RWs, AB soliton, and KM soliton in the aforementioned environments where the relevant plasma species are identified.
Vorhersage des Ringkletterns im Radial-Axial-Ringwalzen
Authors: Niedernostheide Nils , Seitz Johannes , Mikolajczak Dario , Prinz Christopher , Kuhlenkötter Bernd
Published: February 2025

In diesem Beitrag wird die Prädiktion des Ringkletterns mittels maschineller Lernverfahren adressiert, für die messbare Prozessparameter einer konventionellen Radial-Axial Ringwalzanlage herangezogen werden. Beim Ringklettern handelt es sich um einen Prozessfehler, der in Walzvorgängen auftreten kann. Die in dieser Ausarbeitung erreichte Modellperformanz indiziert eine Machbarkeit der Prädiktion und motiviert zu weiterführenden Untersuchungen für die Verbesserung des Regelungsprozesses im Ringwalzen.
Kodeks zobowiązań – podstawa ciągłości i trwałości instytucji prawa cywilnego (w szczególności obligacyjnego) w Polsce
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Mróz Teresa
Published: February 2025

The article aims to show the durability of private law institutions regulated by the 1933 Code of Obligations. The Code was formally in force until 1 January 1965. The enactment of the Code of Obligations was an important event in the law-making process in independent Poland. It was highly appreciated by legal theorists and practitioners. World War II interrupted further lawmaking in the then young country. After 1944, there were times of rejection of the principles of the market economy, including private-law tools of economic turnover. The institutions of the Code of Obligations were negated or subjected to various ideological experiments. Poland’s postwar legislation was modelled on the law of the Soviet Union. The Civil Code of 1964 introduced various types of property thereby distorting the classical construction of property rights. The command economy system used administrative decisions as a tool of economic turnover. Thus, it was an attempt to eliminate the contract and, above all, the fundamental principle of obligation law, which is the principle of freedom of contract. The same was done with the rebus sic stantibus clause. The principle of equity has been replaced by the principles of social intercourse with an explicitly ideological content. Extra-code regulations, i.e., regulations of a lower rank than the law establishing rules for conducting the economy within the privileged state property, were expanded. The political and economic crises in the People’s Republic of Poland increasingly indicated the unreasonableness of attempts to abandon the classical legal tools of legal transactions. It turned out that it was not possible to completely abandon the right of ownership in classical terms, also the contract as a regulator of legal transactions and many other legal constructions previously included in the Code of Obligations. After 1989, the regulations derived from this code and the Commercial Code became tools for the reconstruction of the economic and social system, that is, they fulfilled functions unusual to themselves, paving the way back to capitalism, a path that no state had previously gone through.
The Relation Between Classical and Legal Education – the Role of Myth in Educating Lawyers
Authors:   Uniwersytet Jagielloński, Ceglarska Anna
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this article is to explore the classical understanding of the concept of myth and its potential usefulness in legal education. Its primary objective is to show, by analysing Aristotle’s ways of obtaining knowledge, that the idea of myth (mythos) should not be viewed as contradictory to reason (logos). Rather, it can be interpreted as a practical mode of reasoning that aligns with the Aristotelian concept of phronesis. In the initial section, the concept of myth is examined in relation to logos and aletheia. They are portrayed as distinct types of knowledge positioned on opposite ends of the spectrum, with myth embodying the notion of a “golden mean” between them. This trio is then contrasted with the methods of acquiring knowledge, namely techne – phronesis – episteme. These comparisons introduce a new conceptual framework and suggest the potential application of the concept of “myth” in legal sciences by juxtaposing mythos and phronesis. Mythos represents a fluid, changeable, and relational knowledge, while phronesis represents the ways of acquiring it. For legal studies, which still predominantly align with either episteme or techne, acknowledging the novel role of knowledge presented by myth can offer an alternative framework of education and practice. This could lead to the creation of lawyers who are not solely passive (as described by Arendt), nor are the “mouth that merely pronounces the words of law” as Montesquieu desired, but rather as the phronimoi that can evaluate reasons, consider social context, deliberate well, and make thoughtful judgments and decisions that impact present-day society.
Przeszłość i przyszłość klauzuli generalnej zasad współżycia społecznego w polskim prawie cywilnym
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Doliwa Adam
Published: February 2025

The article deals with the selected issue of the general clause of principles of social co-existence in the Polish civil law. The title issue is discussed in a historical perspective. The analysis of the political and ideological context of the introduction of the principles of social coexistence into the Polish law, following the Soviet model, is followed by an assessment of the usefulness of this general clause on the grounds of the current constitutional principles and values. The text makes use of normative acts, judicial decisions and extensive legal literature in order to show the role of equity and the so-called judicial law in the Polish civil law. It analyses equity clauses present in the Polish civil law in the period of the II. Republic (1918–1939). It also discusses the currently binding regulations and institutions of civil law referring to the principle of equity. The issue of the influence of constitutional principles and values on the meaning and functions of the principle of equity in private law is an important element of the considerations. The postulate presented in the legal literature to replace the principles of social co-existence with another equity clause, adequate to the changes in society and law, and one known in the Western European legal systems. In conclusion, the article presents arguments in favour of the need to maintain a plurality of equitable general clauses in civil law. A thesis is formulated according to which the clause of principles of social co-existence under the Polish Civil Code is the general clause most frequently used by courts and referred to in legal arguments, comprehensively affecting civil law relations (property, obligation, inheritance and family law).
Zbrodnicze nazistowskie eksperymenty medyczne a międzynarodowe prawo publiczne
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Topolski Patryk , Winckiewicz Monika ,   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku
Published: February 2025

The Nazi medical experiments were carried out during World War II – the years 1939 to 1945 and they were connected with establishing and administering concentration and extermination camps throughout the occupied Europe. Nazi medical experiments left their mark on people of various nationalities; however, their victims were primarily Jewish, Polish and Romani. Criminal experiments were also practiced on disabled people, homosexuals, Jehovah’s Witnesses and political prisoners and prisoners of the war. Criminal medical experiments were performed mainly in the German concentration camps, i.e. in Auschwitz-Birkenau, Dachau, Ravensbruck, Sachsenhausen, Kulmhof and Majdanek, which helped to hide them from the international community. The response to Nazi criminal medical experiments was the “trial of doctors” that took place from 1946 to 1947 at the US Military Tribunal No. 1 in Nuremberg. The purpose of this article was to analyze and examine what impact Nazi medical experiments had on the shape of the international law. To achieve the purpose of this article, it was reasonable to use several research methods. To the fullest extent, the formal-dogmatic method was used, in which the international legal acts regulating the principles of medical experiments on human beings, especially those enacted after World War II, were analyzed. The indicated method was supplemented by a study of the literature on the subject and the views of the doctrine. The second method used in the article is a case study, consisting of an analysis of the course of the Nuremberg trials.
Recenzja: Lubelsko-warszawska debata o projekcie Kodeksu rolnego, redakcja naukowa Beata Jeżyńska, Adam Niewiadomski, Polskie Wydawnictwo Ekonomiczne SA, Warszawa 2023
Authors:   Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, Lis Artur
Published: February 2025

The review of the book Lublin-Warsaw Debate on the Draft Agricultural Code, edited by Beata Jeżyńska and Adam Niewiadomski, aims to evaluate its usefulness as a didactic tool and to provide constructive criticism of the “Agricultural Code” project. This publication is based on a symposium organized by the Faculty of Law and Administration at Maria Curie-Skłodowska University and by the University of Warsaw. The book discusses the draft of the Polish Agricultural Code, initiated by Janusz Wojciechowski, the European Union Commissioner for Agriculture, and Grzegorz Wojciechowski, a member of the Polish Parliament. It is divided into two parts: General Issues and Specific Issues, containing articles by various experts. The review highlights the importance of codifying agricultural law, the potential benefits of improving legal clarity, and the need for comprehensive regulations. It is recommended to a wide audience, including lawyers and agronomists, as an important contribution to the discussion on the codification of agricultural law. The introduction of the code should organize legal regulations in the field of agricultural law. A comprehensive vision of agriculture and agricultural law in Poland should form the basis for the creation of the code and its overarching ratio legis.
Recenzja: Mateusz Błachucki, Lucyna Staniszewska, Profesor Stanisław Kasznica – skazany na zapomnienie i odkrywany na nowo dla polskiej nauki, Wydawnictwo Instytutu Nauk Prawnych PAN, Warszawa 2024
Authors:   Instytut Nauk Prawnych Polskiej Akademii Nauk, Kupiec Mateusz
Published: February 2025

Stanisław Kasznica (1874–1958) was an eminent researcher of administrative law during the Second Polish Republic, with his primary years of scientific activity occurring in the interwar period. Kasznica combined his scientific and didactic work as a researcher at the University of Poznań with active service to the state as a civil servant and a parliamentarian. As the author of a textbook published in 1946, titled Polish Administrative Law: Concepts and Basic Institutions he influenced many generations within the Polish administrative law community. However, the scientific and didactic output of Stanisław Kasznica, highly valued today, was long ignored in the post-war period by the authorities of the People’s Republic of Poland and by the representatives of the Marxist legal theory, who sought to sever ties with the so-called bourgeois science. The editors and authors of the reviewed publication have taken on the challenging task of reintroducing Kasznica’s scientific, social, and political activities to contemporary readers. Drawing inspiration from or referring to the researcher’s views on, among other things, the principles of organization, control, and responsibility in public administration, and the scope of local self-government activities, they examine the relevance of Kasznica’s positions on complex issues of administrative law. This article aims to showcase the research work of those who contributed to the monograph titled Professor Stanisław Kasznica: Doomed to Oblivion and Rediscovered for the Polish Science published by the Institute of Legal Studies of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Given the significant number and depth of chapters in the monograph, this review selectively addresses certain studies.
Overview of management and therapeutic advances in medullary thyroid cancer
Authors: Jara Mark Anthony , Castroneves Luciana A
Published: February 2025

Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a rare cancer of the thyroid’s calcitonin-producing C cells. This review covers recent advances in MTC treatment, emphasizing surgical and systemic therapies. For localized MTC, surgery remains the primary and most effective treatment, with total thyroidectomy and lymph node dissection providing the highest potential for cure. However, prognosis worsens significantly with local and distant metastasis, underscoring the importance of early diagnosis and intervention. MTC can be sporadic or hereditary, with the latter associated with germline RET proto-oncogene mutations linked to multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) types 2A and 2B. Genetic discoveries have enabled preventive measures like prophylactic thyroidectomy increasing the cure rate of the hereditary cases. Since 2011, systemic treatment options have expanded with multikinase inhibitors (MKIs), such as vandetanib and cabozantinib, and selective RET inhibitors like selpercatinib and praseltinib. MKIs extend progression-free survival in advanced cases by targeting tumor growth and angiogenesis but can cause off-target effects. RET inhibitors offer precision treatment for RET-mutated tumors, showing high efficacy and fewer side effects, though resistance to these inhibitors has emerged and current research focuses on developing next-generation inhibitors to overcome these barrier. Effective MTC management, particularly given its rarity, benefits from specialized, high-volume centers. Precision medicine, standardized therapy selection, and ongoing research are essential for improving outcomes in both RET-positive and RET-negative MTC patients.
Guidance for the Primary Care Provider in Identifying Infants With Biliary Atresia by 2–4 Weeks of Life: Clinical Report
Authors: Harpavat Sanjiv , Aucott Susan W. , Karpen Saul J. , Shneider Benjamin L. , Wang Kasper ,   and the SECTION ON GASTROENTEROLOGY, HEPATOLOGY, AND NUTRITION, Cohen Mitchell B. , Brumbaugh David , Dotson Jennifer L. , Harpavat Sanjiv , Lightdale Jenifer R. , Mallon Daniel , Oliva-Hemker Maria M. ,   COMMITTEE ON FETUS AND NEWBORN, Eichenwald Eric C. , Guillory Charletta , Hand Ivan Leslie , Hudak Mark L. , Kaufman David Alan , Martin Camilia Rivera , Graham Kemper Parker Margaret , Pramanik Arun Kumar , Wade Kelly Cant ,   SECTION ON SURGERY, Davidoff Andrew , Beierle Elizabeth , Besner Gail E. , Browne Marybeth , Downard Cynthia D. , Gow Kenneth , Islam Saleem , Walsh Danielle
Published: February 2025

This report helps pediatric primary care providers quickly identify infants with biliary atresia, which has the potential to improve outcomes and reduce need for liver transplant. The strategy is intended to be used between 2 and 4 weeks of life at the “By 1 month” well-child visit in the Bright Futures/American Academy of Pediatrics “Recommendations for Preventive Pediatric Health Care.” The strategy involves examining every infant’s eye color, stool color, and prior laboratory results to determine whether measurement of a direct or conjugated bilirubin level is warranted.
Analysis on GenAI for Source Code Scanning and Automated Software Testing
Authors:   Health Care Service Corporation, USA, Sivathapandi Praveen , Wali Girish ,   CITI Bank, USA
Published: February 2025

The fundamental purpose of software testing is to develop new test case sets that demonstrate the
software product's deficiencies. Upon preparation of the test cases, the Test Oracle delineates the expected program
behavior for each scenario. The application's correct functioning and its properties will be assessed by prioritizing test
cases and running its components, which delineate inputs, actions, and outputs. The prioritization methods include
initial ordering, random ordering, and reverse ranking based on fault detection capabilities. software application
development often used a test suite, which was less well recognized as a suite for validating software correctness. Each
test case set in the suite had distinct instructions and goals based on the system and its configuration that were
evaluated. This article presents a Generative AI artificial neural network model for automated software testing based on
particle swarm optimization. Generative AI is the method by which computers use existing data, including text,
audio/video files, images, and code, to produce new material. An artificial neural network (ANN) is a complex adaptive
system capable of altering its internal structure in response to the information it processes. Precisely manipulate the
connection and its weight to achieve optimal accuracy. The PSO is a heuristic, population-based global optimization
method.
Measuring change in activity participation of mental health care users attending an Occupational Therapy programme in Rural South Africa
Authors: Silaule Olindah , Casteleijn Daleen
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Lack of evidence on the effect of interventions is one of the several ongoing challenges facing healthcare services in South Africa. The increasing emphasis on routine outcome measurement has urged occupational therapists to demonstrate the impact of their intervention in mental health. This study aimed to evaluate the change in activity participation of the mental health care users attending an occupational therapy programme.Methods: A one-group pre/post-test design was used. The Activity Participation Outcome Measure (APOM) was administered to measure activity participation of 64 mental health care users. Five measurements were done between admission and follow-up after discharge.Results: Majority of the participants were between the ages of 20 - 29 and mainly diagnosed with substance use disorders. The effect sizes, Cohen's d (> 0.80) and Cohen's r (>0.37) demonstrated a significant positive change (p=0.00) across all APOM domains during hospitalisation. An insignificant change (p> 0.05) was noted in the effect sizes during the follow-up stages with a substantial decline in some of the APOM domains indicating that patients were not well-integrated into their communities.Conclusion: This study revealed the importance of measuring change in participation for shaping clinical practice, to ensure meaningful intervention, and successful integration of MHCUs in their communities.KEY WORDS:Routine outcome measurement, activity participation, occupational therapy, mental health, rural context
Occupational therapy intervention for hemiplegic shoulder pain in adults' post-stroke: A Zimbabwean perspective
Authors: Jacobs-Nzuzi Khuabi Lee-Ann Juliana , De Klerk Susan , Tapfuma Mary
Published: February 2025

Background: Stroke is a leading cause of disability in Zimbabwe. Hemiplegic shoulder pain (HSP), a secondary complication of stroke, impedes the functional recovery of the upper limb and occupational engagement. Occupational therapy intervention, comprising assessment and treatment, seeks to promote health and well-being through facilitating improvement in occupational engagement. There is a lack of documented evidence on occupational therapy intervention practices (i.e., assessment and treatment) of HSP in the context of Harare, Zimbabwe. To allow for an increased understanding of HSP management, this study explored occupational therapists' assessment and treatment practices of post-stroke HSP in Harare, Zimbabwe. 
Method: This explorative study included six experienced occupational therapists from three public hospitals in Harare, Zimbabwe. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analysed using qualitative content analysis.
Results: Data analysis revealed three themes, i.e., assessment of post-stroke HSP is all encompassing; key components of post-stroke HSP treatment practice and challenges in occupational therapy practice of post-stroke HSP in Harare.
Conclusion: Occupational therapy intervention practice for post-stroke HSP in Harare includes an eclectic approach, with preventative practices as a key component of treatment. Intervention should strive to be occupation-based and holistic encompassing considerations of environmental factors and the indicators of HSP.
Keywords: Public health care, occupational therapy intervention, clinical practice, neurological upper limb conditions
"I will take my flip-flops, put them on and walk to church": Understanding quality of life of children with cerebral palsy in a rural setting
Authors: Savage Annika , Rencken Gina , Gurayah Thavanesi
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a chronic, debilitating condition affecting most spheres of a person's life. This study aimed to explore the perceived factors impacting the quality of life (QOL) of a selected group of children with CP living in the rural Umzinyathi district of KZN, South Africa.Â Methodology: The study had a qualitative, phenomenological design with purposeful sampling to recruit children with CP and their parents. Ten individual interviews were conducted, two with children with CP and eight with parent-proxies. One focus group was also conducted with the parent-proxies. Thematic analysis was used to interpret the data.Â Findings: Three themes emerged from the data: Physical wellbeing, Activity participation, and Family and community. These themes encompassed the lived experiences of the children with CP, as well as the perceived factors that impacted on their QOL. Each theme was further broken down into subthemes, with a total of fourteen subthemes.Â Â Conclusion: QOL in rural areas is a complex and multi-faceted construct. Understanding the factors that impacted the children's QOL, will enable occupational therapists to offer client-centred meaningful interventions. When aiming to improve the QOL of children with CP in rural areas, awareness campaigns, anti-stigma messages and support for caregivers are vital.Â Keywords: quality of life, cerebral palsy, rural occupational therapy, client centred intervention, caregiver support
Tuesday Test
Authors: Junai
Published: February 2025

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Bridging and Repair of First Metatarsal Fracture with Chronic Pseudoarthrosis Following Multiple Surgical Interventions Using a Minimally Invasive Approach
Authors: Michael A Scarpone , Charles C Lee
Published: February 2025

Metatarsal fractures are a common type of injury to the foot and can result in chronic pain and disability if the fracture site fails to fuse after a series of bone fusion procedures with or without instrumentation, resulting in pseudarthrosis, which may ultimately require amputation. A 58-year-old male patient without any known risk factors presented with pseudarthrosis and chronic pain in the right foot after 4 failed bone fusion procedures on the first metatarsal bone where amputation was considered. The Hyper-Crosslinked Carbohydrate Polymer (HCCP) was injected with autologous bone marrow into the site of non-union without reduction or instrumentation in an outpatient setting. The patient showed a dramatic improvement over the course of 12 weeks and a radiographic fusion along with a 90% improvement in the pain scale. Forefoot and midfoot fractures and injuries associated with a high degree of pseudarthrosis may require a better predictor and appropriate fusion procedure before amputation is considered.
Analysis of User Activity Based on Events in Physical Access Control Systems
Authors:   St. Petersburg Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SPC RAS), St. Petersburg Institute for Informatics and Automation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 199178, Russian Federation, Levonevskiy D. K. , Motienko A. I. ,   St. Petersburg Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SPC RAS), St. Petersburg Institute for Informatics and Automation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 199178, Russian Federation
Published: February 2025

This paper considers analysis of user activity based on the event data collected by enterprise physical access and control systems. Such systems accumulate large amounts of data that can be used to profile users and detect anomalies — data patterns that stand out from the whole dataset. Detected anomalies indicate technical problems, incidents, or other security risks and serve as a basis for identifying security incidents. A simple software framework was developed to automate the analysis and visualization of data. Using it, it becomes possible to describe user behavior as vector data and perform their statistical analysis. The resulting vectors and their visualization can be used to assess similarities and differences in employee behavior profiles. This allows grouping similar profiles and identifying cases of deviations. Future studies imply performing clustering and determining typical user profiles and their behavior scenarios in "smart" enterprises.
Trust in Pod: Listener Trust of News Content Heard on Different Genre Podcasts
Authors: Johnson Kristine , McCall Michael
Published: February 2025

There are several news podcast programs for listeners to choose from, but other genre podcasts (e.g., comedy, true crime, history) also include news in their content. This study measures listener trust in news content aired in different genres. The findings indicate most listeners trust content heard on news podcasts, which may relate to an increase in available news programs, as well as an overall increase in podcast listenership. The research also shows some listeners trust news heard on non-news podcasts. This may relate to interest in alternate sources for news and the storytelling formats used in the programs. When examining the trust of news content based on genre, news heard on comedy, news, and history podcasts are more likely to be trusted by listeners. The majority of gratifications associated with listening to podcasts based on the various genres are similar, with minimal differences seen among certain genres. Discussion of AI and its influence on trust in news heard on podcasts is also addressed.
Deciphering Research Trends in AI-Chatbots: A Social Science Perspective Using Bibliometric and Network Visualization Analysis
Authors: Dabas Devika , Singh Seema , Aggarwal Neha , . Prince
Published: February 2025

Chatbots have emerged as a transformative technology across various sectors, necessitating a comprehensive analysis of the directions of the intellectual and social landscape. This study addresses the current state of the intellectual and social structure of AI chatbots in social science over the past three decades by employing a systematic approach using the Scopus database, yielding 1358 articles. The current state of research and future directions of this field were examined using bibliographic coupling and keyword analysis. Data visualization and analysis were also carried out using RStudio in conjunction with VOS viewer and MS Excel. The findings indicate that research on chatbots has evolved over the past three decades. Utilizing keyword analysis, six distinct clusters of research were identified. The co-authorship network and bibliographic coupling analysis suggest that the USA and China, two countries with very different economies, histories, cultures, and locations have the highest number of cross-national chatbot study collaborations.
Artificial Intelligence (AI): Advancing the State of Creativity or Replacing Human Talent?
Authors: Murari Awnish
Published: February 2025

The latest advancements in machine learning have led to a notable increase in interest in Artificial Intelligence (AI) research. The integration of AI and machine learning is becoming more prevalent across various sectors within different industries. AI presents opportunities for businesses and employees by facilitating enhanced data analysis, improved security frameworks, efficient automation, and more advanced technological interactions. This has encouraged further exploration of potential AI applications in a range of fields, as well as important discussions regarding challenges such as the interpretability of AI systems, the limitations of machine intelligence, associated risks, and societal issues. As the examination of the ‘human versus AI’ relationship progresses, one particularly intriguing area of interest is the creation and understanding of art. The rise of a new category of tools has the potential to generate high-caliber artistic content across various domains including visual arts, concept art, music, fiction, literature, video, and animation. These tools, equipped with generative capabilities, are expected to transform the creative processes related to idea generation and production. This creativity change is projected to have a significant impact on multiple sectors of society. Understanding the consequences of generative AI and developing effective policies necessitates an interdisciplinary scientific approach that encompasses culture, economics, law, algorithms, and the interaction between technology and creativity. The position advanced in this paper is that generative AI does not signify the end of artistic endeavours; instead, it introduces a new medium with its unique features. Accordingly, the paper explores the ramifications of this innovative medium on creators, considering factors such as aesthetics and culture, ownership and attribution, the future trajectory of creative activities, and its influence on the contemporary media landscape. Within these contexts, the paper identifies key research questions related to Artificial Intelligence and its advantageous uses.
Medicina y botánica en las empresas de reyes y caballeros recogidas por Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedo en «Batallas y Quinquagenas»
Authors: Maceiras Lafuente Andrea
Published: February 2025

Batallas y Quinquagenas, de Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedo, constituye uno de los mayores corpus de empresas o divisas en lengua española de su momento. Todas las empresas recogidas en esta obra son auténticas, esto es, fueron usadas por reyes y caballeros como forma de ostentación de ideales amorosos, políticos o religiosos entre los siglos XV y XVI. Los motivos iconográficos en los que se basan las empresas son tan variados como sus propietarios. No obstante, resultan especialmente interesantes aquellos que aprovechan conocimientos relacionados con la medicina, la botánica o la zoología y se fundamentan en fuentes clásicas. Sin duda, las empresas basadas en las cualidades curativas o perjudiciales de elementos tan diversos como el ajo o las esmeraldas componen un mosaico original y creativo que refleja el modo de pensar y sentir de los caballeros que las utilizaron.
Diccionario de nombres del ciclo amadisiano ("DINAM"). Universidad de Zaragoza. Departamento de Filología Española. Responsable: María Coduras Bruna. ISSN 2341-1333 (Recurso electrónico)
Authors: García Ruiz María Aurora
Published: February 2025

El "Diccionario antroponímico del ciclo amadisiano" o "DINAM" es una herramienta digital para la búsqueda de nombres, sobrenombres, árboles genealógicos y otros datos relacionados con los personajes de la saga de "Amadís de Gaula".