bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Canvas for Capturing Context of Agile Adoption
Authors: Ng Pan-Wei
Published: January 2016

Although agile development promises better customer response and quality, not all who attempt agile seem to get such desired results. The issue is context – understanding the context in which agile is being adopted and choosing the right practices. Our research question is how agile-coaches can best elicit and communicate the agile adoption context with development teams and organizations. In this paper, we propose capturing and describing agile adoption context visually using a set of architectural views. This is analogous to describing architectures, but now applied to the context of agile adoption. We propose a set of views and applied it in the agile adoption of a company's internal social network system (SNS). Our experiences taught us that context evolves as agile coaches interact with development organization and teams, and the context description evolves and converges to the team's desired way of working after the agile coach leaves the scene. It is also the basis for drawing upon past experiences and building experiences for the next agile adoption engagement.
The Agility of Agile Methodology for Teaching and Learning Activities
Authors: Dewi Deshinta Arrova Dewi , Muniandy Mohana
Published: January 2016

This paper presents the review of literatures that shows the contribution of the agile methodology towards teaching and learning environment at university level. Teaching and learning at university has since migrated from traditional learning to active learning methodology where students are expected to learn by doing rather than listening passively to lectures alone. The agile methodology naturally has promoted the active participation of team members during system development phases. Some literature have proposed ways of adopting agile into active learning to improve teaching and learning processes and have highlighted this method as a great success. We would like to highlight how efficient the agile concept is in tackling several situations in academic learning as shown by an interesting mapping of agile principles to the classroom environment. We also offer options for the agile evaluation framework to consider academic environment as a tool to obtain the agile performance feedback.
mHealth R&D Activities in Europe
Authors: Koumpouros Yiannis , Georgoulas Aggelos
Published: January 2016

The scope of the chapter is to present a thorough review on the most up to date research and development activities funded by the European Union in the m-health sector and more specifically in the domain of m-Health Innovations for Patient-Centered Care. This review brings to light the latest research directions and trends that are taking place around Europe and the world. The mhealth market is analyzed along with the focusing on the main apps and their classification. Moreover, it presents the trends of the research topics addressed and what are the plans and future activities pushed. The obstacles faced, the pros and cons and the proposed actions, and their match to real life situations are also discussed. The chapter concludes on the current trends and the potential market on m-health solutions and innovations and how they are trying to address the global need for patient-centered care.
Septic Pulmonary Embolism: three Case Reports
Authors: Celebi Sözener Z. , Kaya A. , Atasoy C. , Kılıckap M. , Numanoglu N. , Savas I.
Published: January 2016

We present three cases of septic pulmonary embolism which occurred as a result of three different causes. The first case, was a 23 year old woman suffering from cough, sputum, hemopthisis and pleuritic chest pain. She had a right subclavian port. On her thorax computed tomography (CT) scans there were widespread bilateral, irregular parenchymal nodular infiltrates and some of them beginning to cavitate. Meticilin resistant stafilococus aureus (MRSA) was isolated from the blood culture and septic embolism was diagnosed. A month after antibiotic theraphy her parenchymal nodules have considerably decreased in size. The second case was a 40 year old woman admitted to our hospital with the same complaints. Her radiological findings were similar. Meticilin sensitive stafilococus aureus (MSSA) was isolated from the blood cultures and antibiotic theraphy was initiated. To investigate the etiology of the nodules due to septic embolism, echocardiography was performed and infective endocarditis was diagnosed. After the antibiotic theraphy and a tricuspid valve operation her parenchymal nodules disappeared. The final case involved a 51 year old man suffering from fever, fatigue, cough and pain in the left arm for one week. His general status was bad. His radiological findings were also similar to the others. Staphillococcus aureus was isolated from blood and wound culture. Following clinical and radiological findings we thought it was a case of septic pulmonary embolism and antibiotic theraphy was started. Despite the therapy we did not take fever response and he died five days after antibiotic therapy. In conclusion, septic pulmonary embolism should be considered in bilateral cavitary nodular infiltrates and must be managed fast.
Could IFN-γ predict the development of residual pleural thickening in tuberculous pleurisy?
Authors: Gerogianni I. , Papala M. , Tsopa P. , Zigoulis P. , Dimoulis A. , Kostikas K. , Kiropoulos T. , Gourgoulianis K.I.
Published: January 2016

Background. The aim of our study was to identify predictive factors for the development of residual pleural thickening (RPT) in patients with tuberculous pleurisy (TP). Methods. A retrospective study of patients with pleural tuberculosis. The clinical and radiological characteristics, and measurements of microbiological and biochemical parameters or markers such as adenosine deaminase (ADA), interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in pleural fluid were studied. Results. Thirty one patients (24 male and 7 female) with a mean age of 55.9 years were studied. There were 25 (80.6%) patients with RPT > 2 mm and 6 (19.4%) patients without RPT. Ten patients (32.2%) had RPT ≥ 10 mm. The rate of pleural thickening was less in small effusions (p<0.05). IFN-γ was higher in patients with RPT ≥ 10 mm (p < 0.05) in comparison with those with RPT < 10 mm. Conclusions. Pleural fluid IFN-γ may deserve further investigation in order to build up preventive and therapeutic strategies against RPT and its clinical complications.
Human genes in TB infection: their role in immune response
Authors: Lykouras D. , Sampsonas F. , Kaparianos A. , Karkoulias K. , Tsoukalas G. , Spiropoulos K.
Published: January 2016

Tuberculosis (TB) caused by the human pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality caused by infectious agents worldwide. Recently, there has been an ongoing concern about the clarification of the role of specific human genes and their polymorphisms involved in TB infection. In the vast majority of individuals, innate immune pathways and Thelper 1 (Th1) cell mediated immunity are activated resulting in the lysis of the bacterium. Firstly, PTPN22 R620W polymorphism is involved in the response to cases of infection. The Arg753Gln polymorphism in TLR-2 leads to a weaker response against the M. tuberculosis. The gene of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) has a few polymorphisms (BsmI, ApaI, Taq1, FokI) whose mixed genotypes alter the immune response. Solute carrier family 11 member (SLC11A1) is a proton/divalent cation antiporter that is more familiar by its former name NRAMP1 (natural resistance associated macrophage protein 1) and can affect M. tuberculosis growth. Polymorphisms of cytokines such as IL-10, IL-6, IFN-g, TNF-a, TGF-b1 can affect the immune response in various ways. Finally, a major role is played by M. tuberculosis antigens and the Ras-associated small GTP-ase 33A. As far as we know this is the first review that collates all these polymorphisms in order to give a comprehensive image of the field, which is currently evolving.
Aknowledgment
Authors: To GICR Letter
Published: January 2016

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Оптимальное восстановление аналитической функции по заданным с погрешностью граничным значениям
Authors: Akopyan Roman Razmikovich
Published: January 2016

Решена задача оптимального восстановления аналитической функции по ее
значениям на части границы, заданным с погрешностью, и родственные экстремальные задачи.
Библиография: 18 названий.
Числа независимости случайных подграфов некоторого дистанционного графа
Authors: Pyaderkin Mikhail Mikhailovich
Published: January 2016

В данной работе рассматривается так называемый
дистанционный граф $G(n,3,1)$, вершины которого
можно отождествить с подмножествами размера $3$
множества $\{1,2,…,n\}$, а ребро между двумя
вершинами проводится в том случае, если
соответствующие подмножества пересекаются ровно
по одному элементу.
Мы изучим некоторые свойства случайных подграфов
графа $G(n,3,1)$ в модели Эрдеша-Реньи, в которой
каждое ребро включается в подграф с некоторой
фиксированной вероятностью $p$ и независимо от
остальных ребер. В работе найдена асимптотика числа
независимости случайного подграфа $G(n,3,1)$.
Библиография: 24 названия.
Об одном обобщении неравенства энтропии
Authors: Nasibov Sharif Mamed ogly
Published: January 2016

В настоящей заметке обобщается классическое неравенство
энтропии. С этой целью доказывается одно точное
интегральное неравенство.
Библиография: 3 названия.
La ingeniería como escenario y los modelos matemáticos como actores
Authors: Gómez Urgellés Joan
Published: January 2016

En este artículo se presenta una experiencia de innovación educativa en el ámbito del currículum de las ingenierías. Incluye el trabajo en proyectos como una componente del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, analizándose la validez y la viabilidad de la modelización matemática como metodología. Algunos de los modelos analizados, entre otros, están basados en el estudio de electrocardiogramas, destacando la importancia de las series de Fourier como modelo para la interpretación de los mismos. El cambio metodológico propuesto es una tendencia cognitiva i heurística que pone énfasis en la epistemología de las matemáticas y revisa el proceso de evaluación, frente a la enseñanza tradicional.
Modelización matemática en secundaria desde un punto de vista superior: EL PROBLEMA DE DOBOGÓKÓ
Authors: Romero Sánchez Sixto , Castro Gutiérrez Fernando
Published: January 2016

El presente trabajo describe y analiza una experiencia de modelización matemática que bien podría desarrollarse en el aula con alumnos de secundaria. Las distintas etapas del proceso de modelización seguido se describen en el artículo. En su análisis se señalan algunas estrategias para la elaboración del modelo con diferentes enfoques y que nos conduzca a la solución del problema planteado: problema que hemos denominado Problema de Dobogókó.
Obtenció dels modes de resonancia a una geometria complexa: proposta didàctica de modelització amb elements finits
Authors: Fuster-Garcia E. , Garcia Raffi L.M. , Romero-Garcia V.
Published: January 2016

Els elements finits actualment constitueixen una eina fonamental per a resolució d’equacions diferencials en contextos reals. En aquest article presentem un bon exemple per al mètode: l’obtenció dels modes de ressonància sobre la tapa harmònica d’una guitarra, a partir de la resolució d’una equació d’autovalors amb el mètode dels elements finits. Per la facilitat de interpretació i contrastació experimental dels resultats obtinguts, pot oferir a mès una gratificació i motivació addicional, molt necessària en tot procès d’aprenentatge.
On the importance of metrics in practical applications
Authors: Camarena Joan-Gerard , Morillas Samuel , Cisneros F.J.
Published: January 2016

Students motivation for learning mathematical concepts can be increased when showing the usefulness of these concepts in practical problems. One important mathematical concept is the concept of metric space and, more related to the applications, the concept of metric function. In this work we aim to illustrate how important is to appropriately choose the metric when dealing with a practical problem. In particular, we focus on the problem of detection of noisy pixels in colour images. In this context, it is very important to appropriately measure the distances and similarities between the image pixels, which is done by means of an appropriate metric. We study the performance of different metrics, including recent fuzzy metrics, within a specific filter to show that it is indeed a critical choice to appropriately solve the task.
Á́lgebra lineal y descomposición en valores singulares
Authors: Calabuig Jose Manuel , Garcia Raffi Lluis Miquel , Sánchez-Perez Enrique Alfonso
Published: January 2016

En este trabajo presentamos una propuesta entorno a cómo se puede utilizar la Descomposición en
 valores singulares de una matriz para desarrollar un temario de una asignatura de Álgebra lineal en un grado de ingeniería.
Para ello introducimos algunas técnicas especiales, resultados y   ejemplos.
O discurso docente em língua inglesa e a promoção efetiva do desenvolvimento da habilidade de compreensão oral discente
Authors: Schulz Lisiane Ott , De Azevedo Tânia Maris
Published: January 2016

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-8026.2016v69n1p111

O presente artigo traz os resultados de uma pesquisa que teve como finalidade verificar o grau de êxito da compreensão do discurso oral docente de aprendizes de língua inglesa de nível de proficiência B2, conforme classificação sugerida pelo Quadro Comum Europeu. Também objetivou identificar as percepções de docentes e discentes de como deve ser a enunciação oral do professor para que haja promoção efetiva do desenvolvimento da habilidade de compreensão dos aprendizes. O propósito desse estudo foi o de comparar a percepção dos dois grupos, bem como contrastar essas opiniões com o grau de êxito da compreensão e com a finalidade didática do discurso docente.  A análise e a discussão dos dados foram realizadas sob a luz da perspectiva sociointeracionista de Vygotsky, da teoria enunciativa de Benveniste e do conceito de aprendizagem significativa de Ausubel.
Repetição, Originalidade e Tradução
Authors: Klein Kelvin Falcão
Published: January 2016

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-8026.2016v69n1p223

O objetivo deste artigo é o de apresentar parte dos resultados de uma pesquisa envolvendo os conceitos de repetição, originalidade e tradução. Os resultados apresentados aqui envolvem a elaboração crítica de trabalhos cujo contexto de circulação primordial é a teorização de matriz anglófona. A base do artigo se constitui a partir da contraposição entre as ideias de Edward W. Said sobre a repetição e a originalidade, expostas em seu livro The World, the Text, and the Critic, e as ideias de Samuel Weber a respeito da tradução expostas em seu livro Benjamin's -abilities. A hipótese central do artigo é que a passagem da “origem” para a “originalidade”, assim como da “tradução” para a “tradutibilidade”, descortina um potencial conceitual que é constitutivo do estatuto da teoria literária dos últimos anos.
A tradução de E.E. Cummings na formação de um cânone doméstico/brasileiro: um estudo de caso sobre projeto tradutório de Augusto de Campos
Authors: Salvadori Juliana Cristina , Santos Silva Mônica
Published: January 2016

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-8026.2016v69n1p235

O foco deste trabalho são as traduções da obra de E. E. Cummings levadas a cabo da década de 1960 até os anos 2010 pelo poeta-tradutor-crítico Augusto de Campos, destacando como esse longo projeto tradutório, desdobrado em 5 edições (10 poemas, 20 poem(a)s, 40 poem(a)s e Poem(a)s), se coaduna a proposta crítica e pedagógica do concretismo de formar uma paideuma de autores referência que norteasse a produção e a recepção de uma nova poiesis. Para tanto, arguimos, as escolhas tradutórias do poeta-tradutor privilegiam, como ele mesmo destaca, o que há de mais inovador na obra do autor (sua tortografia), seus aspectos formais, obliterando o eixo lírico-amoroso dominante na obra e na recepção do autor – tanto pelo público de língua inglesa como de língua espanhola – e construindo um cânone doméstico/brasileiro distinto.
Angelina Muñiz: construcción de un “yo” fragmentado
Authors: Castilleja Diana
Published: January 2016

En su condición de hija de exiliados españoles, Angelina Muñiz Huberman emprenderá un largo y doloroso periplo desde su nacimiento hasta la edad adulta para consumar el proceso de construcción de sí misma. Una lectura cruzada de Castillos en la tierra. Seudomemorias (1995) y Molinos sin viento (2001) nos muestra que, a través de la memoria, propia o colectiva, Muñiz intenta unir los pedazos para forjarse una identidad hecha de fragmentos.
"El nuevo Cagliostro”: Onofroff, Rubén Darío y la crónica "La esfinge"
Authors: Schimigalle Günther
Published: January 2016

El artículo trata de reconstruir la carrera del hipnotizador Onofroff y especialmente su visita a Buenos Aires, donde su actuación, en 1895, provocó discusiones y escándalos. Darío participó en esta polémica con su crónica “La esfinge”, publicada bajo un seudónimo. Se ofrece una transcripción de la crónica, basada en el texto original de La Nación y con anotaciones que permiten identificar las lecturas literarias y teosóficas que se reflejan en ella.
Arte y Trabajo Social: un programa de intervención para transformar la visión de la sociedad pra la inclusión de personas con demencia temprana y Alzheimer
Authors: López Méndez Lorena
Published: January 2016

El presente artículo expone un programa que se enmarca en el campo del Arte y la Educación como herramientas en el Trabajo Social para la inclusión de personas diagnosticadas de demencia temprana y Alzheimer, para erradicar estigmas y mitos asociados a la enfermedad.El programa se inscribe en el Proyecto ARS (Arte y Salud Alzheimer) de la Junta de Castilla y León y del Fondo Social Europeo. Se muestran una serie de actividades artístico-educativas evaluadas para que puedan desarrollarlas las personas con la enfermedad de Alzheimer en fase incipiente y empleadas por cuidadores y familiares para trabajar con este perfil de personas, con el objetivo de mejorar su bienestar, autoestima y calidad de vida.
1MDB: The Background
Authors: Md. Ali Azham
Published: January 2016

The 1MDB stands for 1Malaysia Development Berhad. It is a company formed in 2009 by the federal government of Malaysia. 1MDB had become such a problem for many by late 2014. And today a year later the sad and debilitating saga continues unabated. The case of the 1MDB should be of a particular interest for students and scholars of auditing, accounting and corporate governance since it involves the following: the alleged disappearance of a huge amount of company’s funds; the apparent hiding of significant amount of real losses year after year with the accounting of paper profits originated from repeated fair revaluations of properties or other assets; the possibility of repeated cases of audit failure; the probe conducted by various parties locally which include the Office of the Auditor General; and, the lack of evidence of best practices in corporate governance being implemented since its formation. Each of these five areas of concern is laid bare in a series of five case studies where the materials come mainly from three news portals which are based inside the country: MalaysiaKini, The Malaysian Insider and Free Malaysia Today. All the published materials of concern are dated up to the end of June 2015. It is also notable that following the completion of these case studies, the work on another series of case studies shall be embarked upon. The new series shall give focus upon what has taken place since early July 2015. The intention behind the writing of these cases is to have them used in classroom discussions to help towards the emergence ofMalaysia tomorrow that so many inside the country has embarked upon so that history is given as little chance as possible in repeating itself!
La inteligencia estratégica: una herramienta necesaria para la toma de decisiones en el Estado del siglo XXI
Authors: Cabrera Toledo Lester
Published: January 2016

El presente trabajo tiene como principal objetivo analizar la importancia de la inteligencia estratégica, como una herramienta para la toma de decisiones, aplicada al funcionamiento del Estado. En este sentido, se destacan algunos elementos relacionados a la comprensión conceptual de la inteligencia estratégica, los problemas que se presentan en el proceso de toma de decisión, como también el contexto en el cual dicha actividad se presenta como necesaria para la reducción de la incertidumbre en el Estado moderno, dentro de un entorno vinculado a la dicotomía agencia-estructura. Así también, se destaca el hecho de una desnaturalización de la función de inteligencia del Estado, especialmente tomando en consideración el contexto de los países de América Latina, y la necesidad de vincular a la mencionada función a los procesos de modernización del Estado, como una parte esencial dentro de los procesos de toma de decisiones. Se concluye que pese a diagnosticar algunos de los problemas propios del proceso de toma de decisiones en inteligencia, y las demandas de productos por medio de los actores estatales de aquella función, existen una serie de problemas a ponderar, dentro de los cuales se encuentran como prioridad la legitimación de la Inteligencia como parte integral y necesaria del Estado, y su actuar para el mejoramiento del desarrollo de la sociedad en su conjunto.
Web: Análisis de Inteligencia estratégica
Authors: López Ramírez Augusto Rigoberto
Published: January 2016

Revista Policía y Seguridad Pública 5(2) 2015: 524-525
Cine: 1509 Operación victoria
Authors: López Ramírez Augusto Rigoberto
Published: January 2016

Revista Policía y Seguridad Pública 5(2) 2015: 526-527
Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Education Studies, Vol. 9, No. 2
Authors: Lee Chris
Published: January 2016

Reviewer acknowledgements for International Education Studies, Vol. 9, No. 2, 2016.
Studying the Relationship between Brand Personality and Customer Loyalty: A Case Study of Samsung Mobile Phone
Authors: Teimouri Hadi , Fanae Nazila , Jenab Kouroush , Khoury Sam , Moslehpour Saeid
Published: January 2016

In the current competitive business environment, all companies look for strategies and tools to stabilize in this competition and bring about their growth and enhancement. Organizations have to align themselves as fast as possible with such permanent changes in order to maintain their survival. Brand Personality is one of the helpful tools that organizations employ to retain their current customers, attract new ones, and achieve competitive advantage. Brand personality is also a potential marketing strategy to increase customers’ loyalty towards a brand. Many customers choose products with a brand that is suitable to their personality. This is true about mobile phone customers, as well. The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between Brand Personality and Customer Loyalty. To this end, variables such as sincerity, excitement, competence, sophistication, and ruggedness were tested as dimensions of brand personality and formed of the research hypotheses. The statistical population included all customers of Samsung Mobile Phone and a random sampling method was used. The required data related to theoretical principles were collected using a historical study such as books and academic journals and the data required to analyze and test the hypotheses were collected through a researcher self-made questionnaire. The obtained results revealed that there is a significant relationship among brand personality dimensions and customer loyalty.
Analyzing the Influence of International Entrepreneurship on the SMEs Exporting Performance Using Structural Equation Model: An Empirical Study in Jordan
Authors: Nuseir Mohammed T.
Published: January 2016

This paper provides an introduction about the field of international entrepreneurship on the export performance. Accordingly, the present study investigating the underlying dimensions of international entrepreneurship and empirically test a framework to identify the impact of international entrepreneurship on the exporting performance with special emphasize to Jordanian SMEs. The results of the study reveal that the international entrepreneurship for Jordanian SMEs had a significant impact on exporting performance. The significance of this study stems from the fact that lacks of studies have investigated on the impact of international entrepreneurship on the exporting performance. Also, it provides a reference for countries, firms and scholars interested in international business.
Strategic Management in Vietnam State-Owned Enterprises (SOE)
Authors: Thanh Hai Nguyen
Published: January 2016

This paper analyzes the strategic management in SOEs on the basis of a survey of 73 SOEs in Vietnam. The findings have shown that very few SOEs have a section in charge of strategic planning; they are more likely to make decisions based on the subjective experiences of leaders. Though numerous innovations have been recorded in activities of studying business philosophy, mission, objectives of Vietnam’s SOEs, these have still not totally escaped from a habit of falling into the old ways of thinking; there have still been many limitations in activities of forecasting external environment and external forecasting. The personnel system, despite the reforming, restructuring steps being under way, is still very completed at present. Activities of testing, assessing, correcting still largely for form’s sake, without clear objectives. From the research findings, the paper proposes several solutions in order to improve the performance of strategic management in Vietnam’s SOEs.
Does the Anger Rumination has an Effect on the Employee Creativity
Authors: Gozukara Ebru , Ozyer Yagmur
Published: January 2016

Individuals, especially in the management level, who are distinguished with their employee identity in their respective workplaces in the unity of social life, highly interact with each other. It is evident that in this process wherein the individuals interact with each other, their attitudes towards each other affect the process of creating mutual behaviors and perceptions. On one hand individuals may harm each other through unethical or counterproductive behaviors and on the other hand, even if there is no intention to harm, the behavior of the individual with whom one interacts can be perceived as aggressive. All these scenarios cause anger rumination in individuals, which can be defined as one’s contemplating over the reasons of behavior or attitudes through anger while spending a lot of time. Meanwhile, anger can be defined as creating a negative emotion towards any cognitive assessments, psychological changes and tendencies of action. That this process of creating emotions is evaluated for a long period of time via rumination may lead to the assumption that the affects of the employee change due to anger rumination. On the other hand, the employee creativity emerging during the activities of individuals in their respective workplaces depend on a highly emotional evaluation. This study has been prepared to determine whether, especially in the case of white-collar workers experiencing anger rumination, that has an effect on their individual creativity. The relation between the anger rumination and the employee creativity constitutes this study’s distinctive aspect. The data obtained from this research propose that the creativity is a basic need of companies and that determining the impact level of the anger rumination on the creativity and taking counter-measures against the anger rumination may contribute to the building of an innovative company in a competitive market.
The Politics of Development and Participatory Planning. From Top Down to Top Down
Authors: Owusu Victor Lord
Published: January 2016

This paper measures the level of participation in Ghana’s four most recent development policy and planning documents, from the Vision 2020 to the Ghana Shared Growth and Development Agenda. Using Systematic Review and a developed modified version of Arnstein’s Ladder of Citizen Participation, the paper concludes that development planning in Ghana is top down and non participatory. The paper further uncovered that civilian and military governments before and after independence in 1957 adopted the top down approach and planned from the centre with no traces of citizens’ participation in the planning processes. It was further determined that this top down and non participatory mode of planning is deeply enshrined in Ghana’s current and past development planning culture and history, a legacy bequeathed to colonies by colonialists.
The tumor suppressor PTEN and the PDK1 kinase regulate formation of the columnar neural epithelium
Authors: Grego-Bessa Joaquim , Bloomekatz Joshua , Castel Pau , Omelchenko Tatiana , Baselga José , Anderson Kathryn V
Published: January 2016

Epithelial morphogenesis and stability are essential for normal development and organ homeostasis. The mouse neural plate is a cuboidal epithelium that remodels into a columnar pseudostratified epithelium over the course of 24 hr. Here we show that the transition to a columnar epithelium fails in mutant embryos that lack the tumor suppressor PTEN, although proliferation, patterning and apical-basal polarity markers are normal in the mutants. The Pten phenotype is mimicked by constitutive activation of PI3 kinase and is rescued by the removal of PDK1 (PDPK1), but does not depend on the downstream kinases AKT and mTORC1. High resolution imaging shows that PTEN is required for stabilization of planar cell packing in the neural plate and for the formation of stable apical-basal microtubule arrays. The data suggest that appropriate levels of membrane-associated PDPK1 are required for stabilization of apical junctions, which promotes cell elongation, during epithelial morphogenesis.
Evidence for seafloor‐intensified mixing by surface‐generated equatorial waves
Authors: Holmes R. M. , Moum J. N. , Thomas L. N.
Published: January 2016

Little is known about mixing in the abyssal equatorial oceans in spite of its inferred importance for upwelling dense water. Here we present full‐depth microstructure turbulence profiles obtained in the equatorial Pacific that show evidence for intense wind‐generated abyssal mixing. Mixing was intensified over the bottom 700 m where the diffusivity reached 10−3 m2 s−1, of similar intensity to mixing driven by tidal flow over rough topography. However, here the mixing was found over smooth topography. We suggest that the intense mixing could have been driven by surface‐generated equatorial waves through two possible mechanisms: (1) near‐bottom wave trapping as a result of the horizontal component of the Earth's rotation and (2) inertial instability. The generation of lee waves over smooth topography at low latitudes and their subsequent breaking is another viable mechanism for the mixing.
Body and surface wave reconstruction from seismic noise correlations between arrays at Piton de la Fournaise volcano
Authors: Nakata Nori , Boué Pierre , Brenguier Florent , Roux Philippe , Ferrazzini Valérie , Campillo Michel
Published: January 2016

Body wave reconstruction from ambient seismic noise correlations is an important step toward improving volcano imaging and monitoring. Here we extract body and surface waves that propagate in Piton de la Fournaise volcano on La Réunion island using ambient noise cross correlation and array‐processing techniques. Ambient noise was continuously recorded at three dense arrays, each comprising 49 geophones. To identify and enhance the Green's function from the ambient noise correlation, we apply a double beamforming (DBF) technique between the array pairs. The DBF allows us to separate surface and body waves, direct and reflected waves, and multipathing waves. Based on their azimuths and slownesses, we successfully extract body waves between all the combinations of arrays, including the wave that propagates through the active magmatic system of the volcano. Additionally, we identify the effects of uneven noise source distribution and interpret the surface wave reflections.
The supershear effect of topography on rupture dynamics
Authors: Zhang Zhenguo , Xu Jiankuan , Chen Xiaofei
Published: January 2016

The Earth's free surface is a critical boundary for dynamic rupture propagation that plays an important role in influencing rupture patterns, especially the subshear‐to‐supershear transition. Surfaces with irregular topographies, which are prevalent in nature, may change this supershear transition mechanism. Using the curved grid finite‐difference method, which can be employed to solve elastodynamic equations in curvilinear coordinates, we model spontaneous dynamic rupture on faults with irregular free surfaces. We investigate its effect on the dynamic rupture process with extensive numerical simulations. The simulated results show that the effect of topography on a rupture is dependent on the shape and epicentral distance of the topography.
Intensification of tropical Pacific biological productivity due to volcanic eruptions
Authors: Chikamoto Megumi O. , Timmermann Axel , Yoshimori Masakazu , Lehner Flavio , Laurian Audine , Abe‐Ouchi Ayako , Mouchet Anne , Joos Fortunat , Raible Christoph C. , Cobb Kim M.
Published: January 2016

Major volcanic eruptions generate widespread ocean cooling, which reduces upper ocean stratification. This effect has the potential to increase nutrient delivery into the euphotic zone and boost biological productivity. Using externally forced last millennium simulations of three climate/Earth System models (Model for Interdisciplinary Research On Climate (MIROC), Community Earth System Model (CESM), and LOch‐Vecode‐Ecbilt‐CLio‐agIsm Model (LOVECLIM)), we test the hypothesis that large volcanic eruptions intensify nutrient‐driven export production. It is found that strong volcanic radiative forcing enhances the likelihood of eastern Pacific El Niño‐like warming in CESM and LOVECLIM. This leads to an initial reduction of nutrients and export production in the eastern equatorial Pacific. However, this initial response reverses after about 3 years in association with La Niña cooling. The resulting delayed enhancement of biological production resembles the multiyear response in MIROC. The model simulations show that volcanic impacts on tropical Pacific dynamics and biogeochemistry persist for several years, thus providing a new source for potential multiyear ecosystem predictability.
Propagation properties of quasiperiodic VLF emissions observed by the DEMETER spacecraft
Authors: Hayosh Mykhaylo , Němec František , Santolík Ondřej , Parrot Michel
Published: January 2016

Quasiperiodic (QP) emissions are electromagnetic waves in the frequency range of about 0.5–4 kHz observed in the inner magnetosphere that exhibit a periodic time modulation of the wave intensity, with modulation periods from a few seconds up to 10 min. We present results of a detailed wave analysis of nearly 200 events measured by the low‐altitude Detection of Electro‐Magnetic Emissions Transmitted from Earthquake Regions (DEMETER) spacecraft. Upper frequency range of studied emissions was limited to 1 kHz due to the sampling rate of the analyzed data. It is found that QP emissions propagate nearly field aligned at larger geomagnetic latitudes; they become more oblique at midlatitudes and eventually perpendicular to the ambient magnetic field at the geomagnetic equator and thus perpendicular to the Earth's surface, allowing their downward propagation through the ionosphere. The observed propagation pattern is consistent with the source of emissions located in the equatorial region at larger radial distances.
Contrasting precipitation seasonality influences evapotranspiration dynamics in water‐limited shrublands
Authors: Villarreal Samuel , Vargas Rodrigo , Yepez Enrico A. , Acosta Jose S. , Castro Angel , Escoto‐Rodriguez Martin , Lopez Eulogio , Martínez‐Osuna Juan , Rodriguez Julio C. , Smith Stephen V. , Vivoni Enrique R. , Watts Christopher J.
Published: January 2016

Water‐limited ecosystems occupy nearly 30% of the Earth, but arguably, the controls on their ecosystem processes remain largely uncertain. We analyzed six site years of eddy covariance measurements of evapotranspiration (ET) from 2008 to 2010 at two water‐limited shrublands: one dominated by winter precipitation (WP site) and another dominated by summer precipitation (SP site), but with similar solar radiation patterns in the Northern Hemisphere. We determined how physical forcing factors (i.e., net radiation (Rn), soil water content (SWC), air temperature (Ta), and vapor pressure deficit (VPD)) influence annual and seasonal variability of ET. Mean annual ET at SP site was 455 ± 91 mm yr−1, was mainly influenced by SWC during the dry season, by Rn during the wet season, and was highly sensitive to changes in annual precipitation (P). Mean annual ET at WP site was 363 ± 52 mm yr−1, had less interannual variability, but multiple variables (i.e., SWC, Ta, VPD, and Rn) were needed to explain ET among years and seasons. Wavelet coherence analysis showed that ET at SP site has a consistent temporal coherency with Ta and P, but this was not the case for ET at WP site. Our results support the paradigm that SWC is the main control of ET in water‐limited ecosystems when radiation and temperature are not the limiting factors. In contrast, when P and SWC are decoupled from available energy (i.e., radiation and temperature), then ET is controlled by an interaction of multiple variables. Our results bring attention to the need for better understanding how climate and soil dynamics influence ET across these globally distributed ecosystems.
Magnetohydrodynamic simulation of interplanetary propagation of multiple coronal mass ejections with internal magnetic flux rope (SUSANOO‐CME)
Authors: Shiota D. , Kataoka R.
Published: January 2016

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are the most important drivers of various types of space weather disturbance. Here we report a newly developed magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulation of the solar wind, including a series of multiple CMEs with internal spheromak‐type magnetic fields. First, the polarity of the spheromak magnetic field is set as determined automatically according to the Hale‐Nicholson law and the chirality law of Bothmer and Schwenn. The MHD simulation is therefore capable of predicting the time profile of the southward interplanetary magnetic field at the Earth, in relation to the passage of a magnetic cloud within a CME. This profile is the most important parameter for space weather forecasts of magnetic storms. In order to evaluate the current ability of our simulation, we demonstrate a test case: the propagation and interaction process of multiple CMEs associated with the highly complex active region NOAA 10486 in October to November 2003, and present the result of a simulation of the solar wind parameters at the Earth during the 2003 Halloween storms. We succeeded in reproducing the arrival at the Earth's position of a large amount of southward magnetic flux, which is capable of causing an intense magnetic storm. We find that the observed complex time profile of the solar wind parameters at the Earth could be reasonably well understood by the interaction of a few specific CMEs.
Positive low cloud and dust feedbacks amplify tropical North Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation
Authors: Yuan Tianle , Oreopoulos Lazaros , Zelinka Mark , Yu Hongbin , Norris Joel R. , Chin Mian , Platnick Steven , Meyer Kerry
Published: January 2016

The Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) is characterized by a horseshoe pattern of sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies and has a wide range of climatic impacts. While the tropical arm of AMO is responsible for many of these impacts, it is either too weak or completely absent in many climate model simulations. Here we show, using both observational and model evidence, that the radiative effect of positive low cloud and dust feedbacks is strong enough to generate the tropical arm of AMO, with the low cloud feedback more dominant. The feedbacks can be understood in a consistent dynamical framework: weakened tropical trade wind speed in response to a warm middle latitude SST anomaly reduces dust loading and low cloud fraction over the tropical Atlantic, which warms the tropical North Atlantic SST. Together they contribute to the appearance of the tropical arm of AMO. Most current climate models miss both the critical wind speed response and two positive feedbacks though realistic simulations of them may be essential for many climatic studies related to the AMO.
Robust control of robotic manipulators based on left inverse system and variable structure model reference adaptive control
Authors: Dias Samaherni , Queiroz Kurios , Araujo Aldayr , Dias Anfranserai
Published: January 2016

This work proposes a control structure to be applied to robotic manipulators, which are articulated mechanical systems composed of links connected by joints. The proposed controller can be divided into two parts. The first one is a left inverse system, which is used to decouple the dynamic behavior of the joints. The second is a sliding mode controller, which is applied for each decoupled joint. It is important to note that the proposed structure, using only input/output measurements, reduces the control signal ‘chattering’, and it is robust to parametric uncertainties. Besides all the characteristics presented, the proposed structure simplifies the design of sliding mode controller to be applied in robotic manipulators. All these features are verified by simulations. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Charge Carriers Separation at the Graphene/(101) Anatase TiO2 Interface
Authors: Ferrighi Lara , Fazio Gianluca , Valentin Cristiana Di
Published: January 2016

Graphene/TiO2 nanocomposites are successfully applied in both photocatalysis and photovoltaics. The enhanced performances are attributed to their improved interfacial charged transfer and charge separation, which reduce the recombination rate of the photoexcited charge carriers. Here, it is shown that only density functional methods which provide corrections for the spurious self‐interaction and for the van der Waals forces can correctly describe the electronic structure, the adhesion energy, and the atomic equilibrium distances. It is also proven that residual O atoms at the interface largely enhances the binding energy and causes further electronic states hybridization between G and TiO2, which is expected to favor interfacial electron transfers. Finally, evidence that electrons are preferentially trapped at subsurface layers of TiO2, while holes are preferentially delocalized on the G sheet, is provided. This opposite tendency is proposed to be at the basis of the reduced recombination leading to the observed improved outcomes in photocatalytic and photovoltaic applications.
5q14.3 deletion neurocutaneous syndrome: Contiguous gene syndrome caused by simultaneous deletion of RASA1 and MEF2C: A progressive disease
Authors: Ilari Rita , Agosta Guillermo , Bacino Carlos
Published: January 2016

We report the case of a young girl who was presented with complex clinical symptoms caused by the deletion of contiguous genes: RASA1 and MEF2C, located on chromosome 5q14.3. Specifically, the diagnosis of her skin disorder and vascular malformations involving central nervous system is consistent with a RASopathy. The child's neurological manifestations are observed in most patients suffering from 5q14.3 by deletion or mutation of the MEF2C gene. A review of the literature allowed us to conclude that the contiguous deletion of genes RASA1 and MEF2C fulfills the criteria for the diagnosis of a Neurocutaneous syndrome as proposed by Carr et al. [2011]. We also assessed the penetrance of RASA1 and clinical manifestations of MEF2C according to the type of deletion. This child described presents the complete symptomatology of both deleted genes. We would also like to highlight the progression of the disorder. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Executive functioning deficits in children with neurofibromatosis type 1: The influence of intellectual and social functioning
Authors: Plasschaert Ellen , Van Eylen Lien , Descheemaeker Mie‐Jef , Noens Ilse , Legius Eric , Steyaert Jean
Published: January 2016

The aim of this study was to provide a broad picture of Executive Functioning (EF) in NF1 children, while taking into account their lower average IQ and increased Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) symptoms. This was done by administering an extended battery of tasks and questionnaires, designed to reduce task impurity, that measures five EF domains (inhibition, cognitive flexibility, working memory, generativity and planning) in a laboratory setting and in daily life. Data are presented for 42 age‐ and gender‐matched NF1, 52 typically developing, and 52 ASD children (8–18 years). Our results indicated that although EF is highly influenced by IQ and severity of ASD symptoms, EF deficits seem to be a core feature of NF1 and not merely a secondary effect of a lower IQ and/or increased ASD symptoms. However, additional research is needed to confirm these findings. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Responses to the Human Intruder Test are related to hair cortisol phenotype and sex in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta)
Authors: Hamel Amanda F. , Lutz Corrine K. , Coleman Kristine , Worlein Julie M. , Peterson Emily J. , Rosenberg Kendra L. , Novak Melinda A. , Meyer Jerrold S.
Published: January 2016

Measurement of cortisol in hair provides a chronic index of hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis activity and has been applied to assessments of temperament (stable behavioral differences between individuals). However, the extent to which chronically high HPA axis activity relates to a correspondingly high degree of behavioral reactivity is as yet unknown. Therefore, the goal of the present experiment was to assess the relationship between hair cortisol and a reactive temperament. We administered the Human Intruder Test (HIT) twice to 145 (80 male) rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) in order to assess behavioral reactivity. The HIT presents monkeys with an unfamiliar experimenter and is composed of a Baseline phase (no intruder) followed by three experimental phases in which the orientation of the intruder changes (Profile, Stare, Back). Behavioral responses to the test were videotaped and behaviors thought to reflect a reactive response to the intruder were scored for duration. Hair samples collected within ±1 month of the first HIT session were analyzed for cortisol by enzyme immunoassay. Subjects were assigned to three groups based on hair cortisol concentration: high, intermediate, and low cortisol phenotypes. Monkeys with the high cortisol phenotype were more reactive to the presence of the intruder than those with the low cortisol phenotype: they were more aggressive, scratched more, and spent more time in the back half of the cage. Males yawned significantly more while females spent more time immobile and in the back of the cage. Overall, monkeys with higher hair cortisol demonstrated an exaggerated response to the presence of the human intruder, supporting a relationship between high levels of chronic HPA axis activity and a reactive temperament. These results indicate that high levels of HPA axis activity, which may result from either genetic variation or environmental stress, correspond with heightened behavioral responses to a stressful experience. Am. J. Primatol. 79:e22526, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.