bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La historia de los Mokaná. Un capítulo de la historia en la región Caribe Colombiana
Authors: Baquero Montoya Álvaro , de la Hoz Siegler Ada
Published: April 2022

El presente artículo trata de la historia de los Mokaná un grupo étnico que habita en los departamentos del Atlántico y Bolívar. Su historia es el proceso de los pueblos americanos conquistados a sangre y fuego por los europeos y luego manipulados y traicionados por los criollos. En el proceso histórico de la aculturación, o de unión o contacto de culturas, a la que fue sometida la etnia Mokaná, se realizó la fusión de los elementos etno-culturales y el surgimiento de nuevas proto-etnias que iniciaron el camino para la conformación definitiva de la etnia de los actuales Mokaná. Este contacto de elementos se manifiesta en algunos casos en forma de sincretismo o supervivencia de los diversos elementos culturales. Esto último es particularmente cierto para los descendientes de los Zenúes, Mokanaes y Kankuamos, que habitan actualmente en San Andrés de Sotavento (Sucre); Puerto Colombia, Malambo, Usiacuri, Baranoa y Tubará (Atlántico), y Antanquez (Cesar), respectivamente. Estos amerindios perdieron la lengua y buena parte de sus costumbres, pero conservan rasgos culturales originales de sus ancestros, que no difieren sustancialmente de las costumbres y creencias presentes en el campesinado de la región. Actualmente el grupo étnico ha sido despojado de sus tierras, su lengua y buena parte de su cultura, pero con la constitución de 1991, se abrieron nuevos espacios sociales para que varios de estos grupos étnicos reclamen la identidad amerindia y algo de justicia social, largamente negada por la etnia dominante.
How Ready are Postsecondary Institutions for Students who are d/Deaf or Hard-of-Hearing?
Authors: Cawthon Stephanie Washbourn , Schoffstalll Sarah Joanna , Garberoglio Carrie Lou
Published: April 2022

Educational policy in the United States is increasingly focused on the need for individuals to be academically ready for postsecondary education experiences. The focus of these initiatives, however, centers primarily on individuals and their competencies and characteristics, and not on the capacities of postsecondary institutions to serve them. This article uses the lens of students who are d/Deaf or hard-of-hearing (DHH) to explore ways in which college readiness can be conceptualized as overlapping continuums of preparedness for both individuals and institutions. The article first summarizes research on students who are DHH and their readiness across core domains of academic preparation, language and communication, and soft skills. The article then discusses considerations at the institutional level such as accommodations, direct vs. mediated communication, student disclosure rates, and their level of accessibility for students who have a different academic, linguistic, and cultural experience than most institutional infrastructure is designed to serve. We conclude with considerations for future investigation and an expansion of the dialog around readiness and postsecondary education.
Adverse Impact of Racial Isolation on Student Performance: A Study in North Carolina
Authors: Sharma Andy , Joyner Ann Moss , Osment Ashley
Published: April 2022

This study examines the impact of racial isolation on high school student performance in North Carolina, a state in the southeast United States. Our research goal is to investigate if increased isolation negatively impacts Black students’ academic performance. Employing the North Carolina State Department of Public Instruction (NCDPI) dataset, we test for this using Algebra I and English I scores on End-of-Course exams for ninth graders (N = 134,646) during the 2007-2008 school year. We control for student-level characteristics, such as race and ethnicity, economic disadvantage (eligibility for free and reduced-price lunch), and designation as gifted. We also analyze the effect of school-level characteristics, such as teacher experience, teacher training (advanced degree), teacher accreditation (fully licensed), and the percentage of students who were Black or Latino. Our results suggest racial isolation adversely impacts student performance on Algebra I by as much as three points. With our restricted hierarchical dataset and multi-level modeling, we (a) contribute to the growing body of literature, which finds a negative association between racial isolation/segregation and student performance, and (b) find teacher attributes can moderate some of the adverse student outcomes.
Evaluating the Validity of Portfolio Assessments for Licensure Decisions
Authors: Wilson Mark , Hallam P J , Pecheone Raymond L. , Moss Pamela A.
Published: April 2022

This study examines one part of a validity argument for portfolio assessments of teaching practice used as an indicator of teaching quality to inform a licensure decision.  We investigate the relationship among portfolio assessment scores, a test of teacher knowledge (ETS’s Praxis I and II),  and changes in student achievement (on Touchstone’s Degrees of Reading Power Test [DRP]).  Key questions are the extent to which the assessment of teaching practice (a) predict gains in students’ achievement and (b) contribute unique information to this prediction beyond what is contributed by the tests of teacher knowledge.  The venue for our study is Connecticut State Department of Education’s (CSDE) support and licensure system for beginning teachers, the Beginning Educator Support and Training (BEST) program (as it was implemented at the time of our study). We investigated whether elementary teachers’ mean effects on their students’ reading achievement support the use of BEST elementary literacy portfolio scores as a measure of teaching quality for licensure, using a data set gathered from both State and two urban school district sources.  The HLM findings indicate that BEST portfolio scores do indeed distinguish among teachers who were more and less successful in enhancing their students’ achievement. An additional analysis indicated that the BEST portfolios add information that is not contained in the Praxis tests, and are more powerful predictors of teachers’ contributions to student achievement gains.
Qualitative Inquiry in an Age of Educationalese
Authors: Fischman Gustavo Enrique , Tefera Adai
Published: April 2022

In this introduction we reflect on two key questions that initiated this special issue on qualitative inquiry: What can qualitative researchers do to regain their post-paradigm-wars cache? How do we avoid distracting “science wars” in the future? We suggest that the strong tendency to narrow the research methods accepted as “scientific” – because they adopt quantitative perspectives and are presumed a priori to be more rigorous – has created an educationalese, a narrative of rigid categories that has not necessarily contributed to more effective or persuasive educational research. The article ends by suggesting that the use of “knowledge mobilization” strategies would help to strengthen qualitative research and educational research in general.
Scaling Down: A Modest Proposal for Practice-based Policy Research in Teaching
Authors: Erickson Frederick
Published: April 2022

This proposal addresses the assumptions underlying the “Science Wars” about the purpose of educational research. The author proposes a more modest “Lake Woebegon” approach to school reform that supports long-term professional education, a shift away from “Best Practices” to “Pretty Good Practices,” low fidelity implementation of interventions, and the importance of local context. Action research is presented as one possible qualitative approach for conducting “practice-based research.”
Wachstumskoalitionen und Wachstumskritiken in der Stadtentwicklung: Reurbanisierungs- und Zuwanderungspolitiken
Authors: Boeth Henning , Kühn Manfred
Published: April 2022

In this paper, growth coalitions and growth critiques are examined by using the example of in-migration policies in the context of Jena case study. This is based on the following questions: Which local growth coalitions do exist with which growth goals? To what extent do growth boundaries lead to an expansion of local growth coalitions with the urban hinterland? What kind of growth-critical positions are there in urban politics and to what extent do they question growth policies? The paper particularly ties in with the theoretical discussion of post-growth planning and enriches it by an empirical reflection by examining forms of municipal growth scepticism as well as limits of regional cooperation. The results show that there is a distinct growth coalition in Jena, which pursues the goal of attracting skilled workers to secure economic growth. However, due to natural growth limits and the resistance of individual residents, in-migration policies are reaching their limits, so that intermunicipal cooperation in the urban region is being sought as a fallback solution. Explicit critiques of growth and a fundamental public discussion about growth policies, on the other hand, just begin to emerge.
Book review of: Neal, Z.P.; Rozenblat, C. (eds.) (2021): Handbook of Cities and Networks
Authors: Thierstein Alain
Published: April 2022

Book Review
A bibliometric analysis of humanitarian logistics
Authors: Rejeb Abderahman , Rejeb Karim , Keogh John G.
Published: April 2022

Recent years have seen a surge in interest in humanitarian logistics (HL) research. This study conducted a bibliometric analysis of 894 HL-related studies. The publications were chosen using a combination of keywords from their titles, abstracts and author-supplied keywords from the leading database Scopus. The publications were classified according to their publication year, country of origin, type of publication, most relevant journals, and most influential authors. The review’s findings indicate that over a four-decade period, HL research progressed through three distinct stages. In terms of national contribution, the United States of America leads with the most studies published on HL. Additionally, the HL literature is advanced primarily through academic journal articles. The Journal of Humanitarian Logistics and Supply Chain Management is the leading journal in the field, with 148 articles published. The study makes a significant contribution by providing relevant analysis that may inform and guide scholars and researchers as they explore the evolution of HL research and foster networking and collaboration opportunities across multiple institutions.
TÜRK BASININDA PATRONSUZ GAZETECİLİK OLGUSU
Authors: YÜKSEL Hakan
Published: April 2022

Türkiye’de medya alanındaki özelleştirme politikalarıyla birlikte gerek gazetecilik alanında gerekse televizyonculuk sektöründe ve diğer medya ortamlarında 1990’lı yıllarla birlikte medya yatırımcıları öne çıkmıştır. Gazetecilik mesleğinden uzak olan ve işadamı statüsüyle medya alanına adım atan bu yatırımcıların medya araçlarını holdingler bünyesinde toplaması, medya sahipliği olgusunu yeni bir boyuta taşımıştır. Özellikle siyasi ve ticari ilişkileriyle medya patronluğu görevini icra eden ve dolayısıyla editoryal yapıyı doğrudan etkileyen mevcut tablo, bağımsız gazetecilik söylemini de tartışmaya açmıştır. Patronsuz gazetecilik ise medya patronlarının şirket yönetir gibi medya araçlarını yönetmesine bir karşılık olarak ortaya çıkmıştır ve hem geleneksel medyada hem de internet medyasında etki uyandırmaya başlamıştır. Bu çalışmada da patronsuz gazeteciliğin geleneksel medyadaki boyutu üzerinde durulmuştur ve nitel analiz metotları arasında yer alan içerik analizi yöntemiyle hareket edilerek örneklem olarak belirlenen ulusal gazeteler incelenmiştir. Aydınlık gazetesi ve Birgün gazetesinin bu bağlamda ele alındığı çalışmada, söz konusu gazetelerin patronsuz yapılarının gazete içeriklerine olan yansımaları üzerinde durularak değerlendirme yapılmıştır.
FİNANSAL BAŞARISIZLIK TAHMİN MODELLERİ VE BANKACILIK SEKTÖRÜ MALİ TABLOLARI ÜZERİNDEN BİR UYGULAMA: ALTMAN VE SPRİNGATE MODELLERİ
Authors: TEKİN Bilgehan , GÖR Yusuf
Published: April 2022

Finansal ödeme gücü ve finansal istikrar, kâr amacı güden tüm sektörlerde kuruluşlar için en önemli unsurlardır. Bankacılık sektörü özellikle gelişmekte olan ekonomilerde önemli bir büyüme faktörüdür. Ülkelerin finansal krizlerden korunabilmesi için bankacılık sektörünün finansal sağlamlılığının yüksek düzeylerde olması gerekmektedir. Firmalarda finansal başarısızlık ve iflas riski tahmini amacıyla Altman Z Skoru ve Springate S-Skoru geçmişten günümüze kadar sürekli olarak kullanılmıştır. Finansal başarısızlık tahminleri firmalara finansman sağlayanlar için olduğu kadar yatırımcılar için de hayati öneme sahiptir. Firmaların Z puanı firmaların kredibilitesini değerlendirmek için bir araç olarak da kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmada, Türk Bankacılık sektöründe faaliyet gösteren bankaların Altman Z-Skor ve Springate S-Skor modelleri yardımıyla finansal başarısızlık tahminleri bağlamında finansal sağlamlılığı tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda Altman Z-Skorun bankacılık sektöründe finansal başarısızlık değerlendirmesinde uygun bir model olmadığı bununla birlikte revize edilmiş halinin kullanılabileceği görülmüştür. Springate S-Skora göre ise bankaların finansal başarısızlık risklerinin oldukça düşük olduğu görülmüştür.
The Seduction of Femininity: A Critical Scrutiny of Oscar Wilde’s Salomé
Authors: Alaabed Abdullah Abdulhaq Hussien
Published: April 2022

This study covers how the femme fatale image is constructed socially, literarily and     culturally. The femme fatale character, which has been the target of works in a variety of literary  and visual fields, including painting, writing, and film, from the nineteenth century to the present, incorporates conceptual lines that enable us to explore the gender regime and body policies of    contemporary society. The construction of the femme fatale originated as a result of the patriarchal structure’s anxieties, fears, and reflexes toward female subjectivity, which has become more prevalent in public life as a consequence of modernization. Traditional ideological tools that associate women’s bodies with mystery, cruelty, and tragedy have been replicated as a result of the debates surrounding this image, and gender-based regulatory policies targeting women have been used to gain discursive legitimacy using these tools. In this regard, the femme fatale has been portrayed as a feminine-other who is negatively associated with patriarchal society’s gender regime. The dialogue between context and text will be used to analyse the plays. This research is historically contextualized by taking into account Victorian women's ideology. The  historical and cultural context in which the femme fatale image originated was first analysed, and then the femme fatale representations in Oscar Wilde’s one-act play Salomé, which was created in this context, were studied from a feminist discourse as a sample. The current inquiry mirrors another dimension of women’s serious vicissitudes they had to put up with back then which imperceptibly laid the foundation for reawakening women all around the world of their natural and basic rights they have been deprives for centuries under patriarchy. The feminist theory will be utilized to examine Wilde’s play.
Phonotactically probable word shapes represent attractors in the cultural evolution of sound patterns
Authors: Matzinger Theresa , Ritt Nikolaus
Published: April 2022

Words are processed more easily when they have canonical phonotactic shapes, i.e., shapes that are frequent both in the lexicon and in usage. We explore whether this cognitively grounded constraint or preference implies testable predictions about the implementation of sound change. Specifically, we hypothesise that words with canonical shapes favour, or ‘select for’, sound changes that (re-)produce words with the same shapes. To test this, we investigate a Middle English sound change known as Open Syllable Lengthening (OSL). OSL lengthened vowels in disyllables such as ME /ma.kə/ make, but more or less only when they became monosyllabic and when their vowels were non-high. We predict that word shapes produced by this implementation pattern should correspond to the shapes that were most common among morphologically simple monosyllables and disyllables at the time when OSL occurred. We test this prediction against Early Middle English corpus data. Our results largely confirm our prediction: monosyllables produced by OSL indeed conformed to the shapes that were most frequent among already existing monosyllables. At the same time, the failure of OSL to affect disyllables (such as body) prevented them from assuming shapes that were far more typical of morphologically complex word forms than of simple ones. This suggests that the actuation and implementation of sound changes may be even more sensitive to lexical probabilities than hitherto suspected. Also, it demonstrates how diachronic data can be used to test hypotheses about constraints on word recognition and processing.
Natural tyrosinase inhibitors from Betula platyphylla barks
Authors: Shu Peng-Hua , Zhang Hui , Li Nian-Ci , Zhang Jia-Long , Liu Guang-Wei , Yang Yuan , Zang Shuo , Cai Shu-Jing , Wei Xia-Lan , Sun Na , Xiao Fu-Gang
Published: April 2022

During the process of searching for tyrosinase inhibitors from natural medicines, one new monoterpene rhamnoside (1) and 13 known compounds (2–14) were isolated from the ethanolic extract of Betula platyphylla barks by repeated column chromatography. These structures were identified by comprehensive spectroscopic data analysis such as high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectra (HR-ESI-MS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), optical rotatory dispersion (ORD) and acid hydrolysis. In vitro assay revealed that compounds 6, 7 and 14 showed obvious inhibitory activity against tyrosinase.
Diffusivities and atomic mobilities in the Ni-rich fcc Ni–Al–Cu alloys: experiment and modeling
Authors: Zhong Liang , Liu Yuling , Liu Huixin , Wen Shiyi , Wang Fei , Du Changfu , Min Qianhui , Premovic Milena , Zheng Zhoushun , Hu Jieqiong , Du Yong
Published: April 2022

The diffusivities along the whole diffusion path in one diffusion couple of Ni-rich fcc Ni–Al–Cu alloys at 1273, 1333 and 1433 K are obtained by means of the numerical inverse method. In total 12 diffusion couples are used to obtain the diffusivities at the intersections in the diffusion paths by the Matano–Kirkaldy method. Two sets of atomic mobilities are assessed using the CALTPP program based on the diffusivities calculated by the numerical inverse method and Matano–Kirkaldy method, respectively. The validity of the obtained atomic mobilities is confirmed by comparing the model-predicted diffusivities, concentration profiles and diffusion paths with the measured ones. The whole calculation by the numerical inverse method in CALTPP with higher efficiency can achieve the same accuracy as the Matano–Kirkaldy method. The present study demonstrates that one diffusion couple combined with the numerical inverse method can reliably assess the atomic mobilities for fcc Ni–Al–Cu alloys.
Thermodynamic modeling of the Bi–Ca and Bi–Zr systems
Authors: Gao Fengyang , Liu Yuling , Zhou Peng , Huang Dandan , Fu Taibai , Zhang Shuyan , Du Yong
Published: April 2022

In the literature, there are no reliable thermodynamic descriptions for the Bi–Ca and Bi–Zr systems. In the present work, by means of the CALPHAD (calculation of phase diagrams) method, the thermodynamic assessments of the Bi–Ca and Bi–Zr systems were carried out based on the available data. The Gibbs energies of the liquid, bcc and hcp phases in these two binary systems were described by the substitutional solution model with the Redlich–Kister equation, and the intermetallic compounds (αBi10Ca11, βBi10Ca11, Bi3Ca5, Bi2Zr, Bi1.62Zr, BiZr, Bi2Zr3, and BiZr2 phases) were treated as stoichiometric phases. A good agreement between the calculated results and experimental data is obtained for both systems. The presently obtained thermodynamic parameters for the Bi–Ca and Bi–Zr systems are of interest for the development of Bi-based alloys.
A new approach to representations of homothetic motions in Lorentz space
Authors: Ünal Doğan , Güngör Mehmet ali , Tosun Murat
Published: April 2022

In this study, Rodrigues parameters have been first calculated for a homothetic rotation around spacelike and timelike axis using one parameter homothetic motions in Lorentz 3-space

E
1
3

${\mathbb{E}}_{1}^{3}$

. The behavior of the vectors during the homothetic rotation, which is the increase or decrease (about size of one of the objects in motion) notion, has been investigated as a three dimensional shape with the help of Cinema 4D program. The behavioral differences have been observed on figures. Then, Lorentz motions that corresponding to the homothetic rotation matrices in terms of spacelike and timelike axes have been examined and expressed in

E
1
3

${\mathbb{E}}_{1}^{3}$

. Some definitions, theorems, corollaries and three dimensional figures have been given in Lorentz 3-space.
Rule-based or efficiency-driven processing of expletive there in English as a foreign language
Authors: Tamura Yu , Fukuta Junya , Nishimura Yoshito , Kato Daiki
Published: April 2022

Although native speakers (NSs) of English make plural agreement in preverbal-subject sentences (e.g., A pen and eraser *is/are…), previous studies have demonstrated that they prefer singular – not plural – agreement between verbs and conjoined noun phrases (NPs) in expletive there constructions (e.g., there is/are a pen and an eraser…), showing efficiency-driven processing prioritization of agreement between nearest constituents. This paper assesses whether Japanese L2 learners of English (JLE) show this tendency. The results of two self-paced reading experiments together indicated that even though efficiency-driven processing was available to L2 learners, their use was unstable due to the repeated exposure to there are NPpl- and NPpl-type sentences during the task. It seems possible that repeated exposure triggered learners’ knowledge that conjoined NPs are always plural. Hence, it could conceivably be hypothesized that a learner’s specific knowledge intervenes the efficiency-driven processing strategy.
Miscommunicated referent tracking in L2 English: a case-by-case analysis
Authors: Ryan Jonathon
Published: April 2022

For second language learners, reference remains a frequent source of error and pragmatic infelicity, even at relatively advanced levels. While most errors will be readily accommodated by the hearer, on some occasions they result in fundamental misunderstandings about what has been stated. This paper presents a case-by-case exploratory study of 22 such miscommunications and explores the discourse conditions under which such otherwise routine errors became problematic. Data are drawn from elicited narratives by 20 high-intermediate English language learners of various language backgrounds and their L1 English interlocutors. The discussion focuses on the two most prominent issues identified: the conditions under which pronoun errors triggered misunderstandings, and the contribution of pervasive over-explicitness to referent introductions being mistaken for referent tracking.
State feedback based on grey wolf optimizer controller for two-wheeled self-balancing robot
Authors: Jasim Wesam M.
Published: April 2022

The two-wheeled self-balancing robot (TWSBR) is based on the axletree and inverted pendulum. Its balancing problem requires a control action. To speed up the response of the robot and minimize the steady state error, in this article, a grey wolf optimizer (GWO) method is proposed for TWSBR control based on state space feedback control technique. The controller stabilizes the balancing robot and minimizes the overshoot value of the system. The dynamic model of the system is derived based on Euler formula and linearized to state space representation to enhance the control technique. Then, the GWO optimizes the state feedback controller parameters. Simulation results show that the system reaches the zero steady-state error with less than 2 ms, which proves the effectiveness of the proposed controller over the classical state feedback controller in terms of fast response, very small overall error, and minimum overshoot.
Power Density Analysis and Multi-Objective Optimization for an Irreversible Dual Cycle
Authors: Ge Yanlin , Shi Shuangshuang , Chen Lingen , Zhang Difeng , Feng Huijun
Published: April 2022

Considering the various irreversibility conditions caused by heat transfer and working processes in a dual cycle, the power density performance is optimized by applying finite-time thermodynamics theory, and multi-objective optimization is performed by using NSGA-II. The effects of cut-off ratio, maximum cycle temperature ratio, and various losses by heat transfer and working processes on the relationships between the power density and the compression ratio and between the power density and the thermal efficiency are analyzed. The thermal efficiency and engine size obtained under the conditions of maximum power output and power density are discussed. The results show that for a dual cycle, the heat engine has a smaller size and higher thermal efficiency under the condition of maximum power density. The cycle compression ratio and cut-off ratio are selected as decision variables, and the dimensionless power output, thermal efficiency, dimensionless ecological function, and dimensionless power density are selected as objective functions. Multi-objective optimization is performed with different objective combinations. The deviation indexes under the LINMAP, TOPSIS, and Shannon entropy approaches are discussed, and the number of generations when the genetic algorithm reaches convergence are obtained. The results show that the genetic algorithm converges at the 341st generation for the quadru-objective optimization, at the 488th generation for the tri-objective optimization, and at the 399th generation for the bi-objective optimization. When the bi-objective optimization is performed with dimensionless power output and dimensionless ecological function as the objective functions, the deviation index obtained based on the LINMAP approach is 0.1400, which is better than those obtained for other single- and multi-objective optimizations.
A proposal for gray to BCD converter using nonlinear ring resonators
Authors: Shirzad Samad , Kharammaslack Navvab , Hassangholizadeh-Kashtiban Mahdi
Published: April 2022

An all optical Gray to BCD converters will be proposed and designed based on photonic crystals. The proposed structure is composed of one XOR gate and a buffer. The final structure consists of 6 optical waveguides and two nonlinear ring resonators. The nonlinear defects are made of doped glass with the Kerr coefficient of 10−14 m2/W. The rest of the structure was made of Si rods with the refractive index of 3.46. The maximum rise time for the proposed structure is 1 ps.
Fungal infection mimicking COVID-19 infection – A case report
Authors: Niemiec Aleksandra , Kosowski Michał , Hachuła Marcin , Basiak Marcin , Okopień Bogusław
Published: April 2022

For the last 2 years, one of the most frequent causes of respiratory failure is coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The symptoms are not specific. Imaging diagnostics, especially high-resolution computed tomography, is a diagnostic method widely used in the diagnosis of this disease. It is important to emphasize that not only SARS-CoV-2 infection may manifest as interstitial pneumonia. Other diseases such as other viral, fungal, atypical bacterial pneumonia, autoimmune process, and even cancer can also manifest as ground-glass opacities or consolidations in the imaging of the lungs. In this case report, we described a patient who manifested many symptoms that seemed to be COVID-19. However, all performed antigen and polymerase chain reaction tests were negative. The diagnostics must have been extended. Microbiological and mycological blood cultures and sputum cultures were performed. Blood cultures were negative but in sputum, Candida albicans and Candida glabrata were identified. Targeted therapy with fluconazole was implemented with a satisfactory result. The patient was discharged from the hospital in a good general condition with no complaints.
Nanostructured In3SbTe2 antennas enable switching from sharp dielectric to broad plasmonic resonances
Authors: Heßler Andreas , Wahl Sophia , Kristensen Philip Trøst , Wuttig Matthias , Busch Kurt , Taubner Thomas
Published: April 2022

Phase-change materials (PCMs) allow for non-volatile resonance tuning of nanophotonic components. Upon switching, they offer a large dielectric contrast between their amorphous and crystalline phases. The recently introduced “plasmonic PCM” In3SbTe2 (IST) additionally features in its crystalline phase a sign change of its permittivity over a broad infrared spectral range. While optical resonance switching in unpatterned IST thin films has been investigated before, nanostructured IST antennas have not been studied, yet. Here, we present numerical and experimental investigations of nanostructured IST rod and disk antennas. By crystallizing the IST with microsecond laser pulses, we switched individual antennas from narrow dielectric to broad plasmonic resonances. For the rod antennas, we demonstrated a resonance shift of up to 1.2 µm (twice the resonance width), allowing on/off switching of plasmonic resonances with a contrast ratio of 2.7. With the disk antennas, we realized an increase of the resonance width by more than 800% from 0.24 µm to 1.98 µm while keeping the resonance wavelength constant. Further, we demonstrated intermediate switching states by tuning the crystallization depth within the resonators. Our work empowers future design concepts for nanophotonic applications like active spectral filters, tunable absorbers, and switchable flat optics.
New Perspective on Neolithic Rectangular Features Using Artefact Analysis, Soil Micromorphology and Ethnohistorical Analogies. A Case study from Střelice u Brna, South Moravia, Czech Republic
Authors: Trampota František , Parma David , Lisá Lenka , Hrnčíř Václav , Přichystal Antonín , Fišáková Miriam Nývltová , Dreslerová Gabriela
Published: April 2022

The function of sunken rectangular features in the Late Neolithic has been a subject of interest in Central Europe for many years. This type of pit is not found very often. One of the latest examples is a square Lengyel feature in the village of Střelice near Brno. A study of the microstratigraphy of the fill has made it possible to qualitatively move the debate to a new level. The qualitative assessment of bone micro-fragments is also innovative for the method of micromorphology in the archaeological context. The study also includes an analysis of artefacts in the actual fill of feature 562, especially the deposits of fragments of “other lithic industry”, pottery and parts of an animal’s body. The discovered situation is then interpreted in the context of other known contemporary features of this type. The presence of excrement with digested bone micro-fragments in the lower layer and the absence of a floor treatment, tread horizon or bedding can be interpreted in the context of ethnohistorical analogies, e. g., as the short-term use of a faecal pit for an omnivorous or carnivorous species (bear) with a subsequent ritual ending.
Les enjeux sémiotiques de la médiation : le cas de la figure du pont Khadjou d’Ispahan
Authors: Ayati Akram
Published: April 2022

Largement exploitée dans différents domaines d’étude et de pratique en sciences de l’information et de la communication et discutée dans les recherches liées au monde culturel (musées, bibliothèques et centres culturels), la notion de médiation n’a pas cessé de s’étendre, malgré la diversité conceptuelle, sur les autres sphères des sciences humaines et sociales. Considéré comme véhicule du processus de la sémiose, cette notion s’interpose au cœur de la réflexion sémiotique comme instance chargée de faire passer le sens. L’espace de la ville, ses composants et les pratiques qui s’y déroulent sont sollicités dans cette étude, comme point d’articulation de notre problématique qui consiste à savoir comment le pont en tant qu’élément architectural dans l’espace d’une ville, par son statut, les pratiques qui s’y passent et les valeurs qu’il porte, pourra fonctionner comme médiateur sémiotique. Nous tenterons de montrer à travers l’étude de notre corpus, le pont Khadjou à Ispahan, ville iranienne, comment ce rôle médiateur s’implante sur le niveau cognitif autant que passionnel des sujets qui le côtoient.
Assessing Educator Perceptions of Garden-Based Learning in K–12 Science Education
Authors: Riggs Christopher , Lee Danielle N.
Published: April 2022

Garden-based learning (GBL) curricula represents a pedagogy that increases student exposure to nature and connects them to engaging activities for higher classroom achievement. GBL is proposed to enhance student science self-perceptions, engagement, and desired outcomes in science learning and identity by connecting students to relatable, hands-on, and authentic learning experiences through a felt sense of place. Saint Louis Metro Area K–12 science educators were asked to describe their students’ self-perceptions, engagement, and outcomes in science and possible teaching experiences with GBL. Experienced Saint Louis Metro Area garden educators offer authentic, hands-on activities that increase feelings of belonging, competence, and autonomy in science. GBL strongly encourages positive behavioral and emotional student interactions with science lessons by providing an outdoor space that hosts exciting and relatable topics that expand students’ perceptions of their local environment, community, and themselves.
Many Labs 4: Failure to Replicate Mortality Salience Effect With and Without Original Author Involvement
Authors: Klein Richard A , Cook Corey L. , Ebersole Charles R. , Vitiello Christine , Nosek Brian A. , Hilgard Joseph , Ahn Paul Hangsan , Brady Abbie J. , Chartier Christopher R. , Christopherson Cody D. , Clay Samuel , Collisson Brian , Crawford Jarret T. , Cromar Ryan , Gardiner Gwendolyn , Gosnell Courtney L. , Grahe Jon , Hall Calvin , Howard Irene , Joy-Gaba Jennifer A. , Kolb Miranda , Legg Angela M. , Levitan Carmel A. , Mancini Anthony D. , Manfredi Dylan , Miller Jason , Nave Gideon , Redford Liz , Schlitz Ilaria , Schmidt Kathleen , Skorinko Jeanine L. M. , Storage Daniel , Swanson Trevor , Van Swol Lyn M. , Vaughn Leigh Ann , Vidamuerte Devere , Wiggins Brady , Ratliff Kate A.
Published: April 2022

Interpreting a failure to replicate is complicated by the fact that the failure could be due to the original finding being a false positive, unrecognized moderating influences between the original and replication procedures, or faulty implementation of the procedures in the replication. One strategy to maximize replication quality is involving the original authors in study design. We (N = 17 Labs and N = 1,550 participants, after exclusions) experimentally tested whether original author involvement improved replicability of a classic finding from Terror Management Theory (Greenberg et al., 1994). Our results were non-diagnostic of whether original author involvement improves replicability because we were unable to replicate the finding under any conditions. This suggests that the original finding was either a false positive or the conditions necessary to obtain it are not fully understood or no longer exist. Data, materials, analysis code, preregistration, and supplementary documents can be found on the OSF page: https://osf.io/8ccnw/
The Anatomy of Ethiopia’s Civil War
Authors: Tronvoll Kjetil
Published: April 2022

The civil war that erupted in November 2020 in Ethiopia was a culmination of several overlapping, long-running conflicts. The main conflict involves the nature of the Ethiopian state: whether it should be a unified structure reflecting a singular national identity, or a multiethnic federal system preserving autonomy for regional states. The discrete conflicts involve tensions between the central state and the regional states of Tigray and Oromo; territorial disputes between different ethnic groups; and an old rivalry between the regime of neighboring Eritrea and the ruling party in Tigray. The complex layers of the war make peace all the more elusive.
The Elusive Dream of Democracy, Security, and Well-Being in Mozambique
Authors: Monjane Celso M. , Pitcher M. Anne
Published: April 2022

The 1992 peace accords ending a 16-year civil war, followed by the 1994 democratic elections, promised a brighter political and economic future for Mozambique. Despite the adoption of multiparty politics and robust economic growth since the 1990s, however, Mozambique today faces seemingly intractable challenges. Amid increasing allegations of electoral fraud, Frelimo continues to be the country’s ruling party, a position it assumed after independence in 1975. Political insiders control most of the country’s considerable economic assets, including vast natural gas deposits in the north. A violent jihadi insurgency, which began in the northern province of Cabo Delgado in 2017 and tapped into local grievances, has so far resisted the combined efforts of the national military, regional security forces, and a contingent of troops from Rwanda to eliminate it. With spaces for peaceful civic participation and action shrinking, the glimmer of hope for democracy, security, and well-being in Mozambique is fading.
#AlmaToo: The Art of Being Believed
Authors: Newman Nancy
Published: April 2022

Despite the key role played by Alma Schindler Mahler-Werfel (1879–1964) in the preservation of her husband Gustav’s compositions and biography, she has often been viewed as having deliberately distorted his legacy. As sometimes happens to the widows of accomplished men, Alma’s capacity for sound judgment and right to control her image have been challenged by her husband’s devotees. This article considers Alma’s situation in terms of the #MeToo movement’s demand for the reevaluation of sexual politics between powerful men and younger women. Fundamental to this reconsideration is the imperative to listen to what individuals say about their experiences. Alma was nearly twenty years Gustav’s junior and pregnant when their marriage was hastily arranged. I explore key elements in their relationship, such as the devastating letter in which Gustav forbade her to compose, in terms of new conceptualizations of gaslighting, grooming, consent, character assessment, and believability articulated by the #MeToo movement. This theoretical foundation grounds extensive critique of both the conventions of fin-de-siècle Vienna and the chauvinism of late twentieth-century scholars. I conclude by briefly proposing an alternative perspective on Alma’s musical contributions based on her writings, compositions, and editorial, organizational, and curatorial activities. The revision of assumptions about one of Europe’s most famous musical couples has gained urgency since #MeToo began to articulate a new perspective on gender relations and artistic aspirations founded on social justice.
The Advantages and Disadvantages of Offline and Emergency Remote Online General English Classes
Authors: Yuniastari Rintya , Da Silva Anna Marietta
Published: April 2022

During the Covid-19 outbreak, with more than one billion school closures occurring worldwide, all teaching and learning interactions have to be conducted online, and it is a challenge for teachers (and learners) to adapt to this sudden shift because most educational institutions were not yet ready. However, regardless of the pandemic, in the era where technology plays a huge part in the advancement of human civilization, it is time for the global education system to evolve and begin incorporating technology into its implementation. Once the pandemic is over, teachers (and learners) will then have the opportunity to choose their medium of teaching and learning interactions, whether it is offline or online. Thus, this study examined and compared the advantages and disadvantages of both offline and emergency remote online teaching. The data were collected through Focus Group Discussion. Several prompts were used as discussion starters, but the researchers allowed the participants to share their opinions freely and let the data speak. The data were then analyzed and coded using thematic analysis. Researchers then made a summary of synthesis assumptions based on and supported by evidence from the data corpus. The findings revealed that teachers tend to favor offline teaching for its direct teacher-student interactions, although the high number of students in one class can be a challenge. Whereas online teaching is preferred for its time-efficiency and flexibility, albeit its technological complexity.
Westernised Chinese in Yu Hua’s Chronicle of a Blood Merchant
Authors: Wang Aiqing
Published: April 2022

Yu Hua is one of the most illustrious avant-garde and post-modernist writers in contemporary China, whose chefs-d’oeuvre can be exemplified by a 1995 novel Chronicle of a Blood Merchant. Notwithstanding widespread accolades, Yu Hua’s fiction is excoriated by his peer Han Han for resembling works translated from Western literature. In this research, I scrutinise the language deployed in Chronicle of a Blood Merchant under the framework postulated by Yu Kwang-chung. I propound that the language in Chronicle of a Blood Merchant bears similitude to Westernised/Europeanised Chinese, in that it involves conspicuous light verbs, nominalisation, bei passivisation, subordinating and coordinating conjunctions, plural forms, as well as premodifiers and particles, a considerable proportion of which are redundant and impinged upon by the English language.
La Participación del Alumnado en la Evaluación Formativa en Formación del Profesorado
Authors: Fernández-Garcimartín Carla , Fuentes Nieto Teresa , Molina Soria Miriam , López-Pastor Víctor Manuel
Published: April 2022

Este trabajo estudia la importancia de la participación del alumnado en la evaluación en la Formación Inicial del Profesorado (FIP). El estudio se lleva a cabo en dos asignaturas a lo largo de dos cursos académicos. La muestra es de 253 estudiantes. Se describe la percepción del alumnado acerca de las asignaturas, su participación en la evaluación y el rendimiento académico. En dichas asignaturas se aplica un sistema de evaluación formativa y compartida (EFyC) que se lleva utilizando en la facultad alrededor de veinte años. Se realiza un análisis cualitativo y cuantitativo de los datos a partir de los instrumentos empleados. Los datos muestran que el rendimiento académico del alumnado es alto, especialmente en aquellos que optan por la vía de evaluación continua. Tanto profesores como estudiantes valoran positivamente la participación del alumnado en los sistemas de evaluación, sobre todo en cómo potencia el aprendizaje adquirido cuando se sigue la vía de evaluación continua. Se observan algunos inconvenientes relacionados con la carga de trabajo que le supone al alumnado participar en estos sistemas de evaluación. Se concluye que la participación del alumnado en la EFyC ha favorecido la adquisición de aprendizajes y la mejora de su rendimiento académico.
Evaluar con Rúbricas. Una Propuesta Exitosa dentro del ABP
Authors: Navarrete-Artime Cristina , Belver Domínguez José Luis
Published: April 2022

El desarrollo del Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos (ABP) en el aula ofrece la posibilidad de utilizar diversas herramientas de evaluación, valorando no solo conocimientos sino también habilidades y capacidades y actitudes, fomentando así el aprendizaje (Evaluación Formativa). Nuestra investigación, que forma parte de un estudio más amplio, busca valorar la utilidad de las rúbricas de evaluación para el diseño y desarrollo de procesos de coevaluación y autoevaluación entre el alumnado en el proceso de aplicación del ABP. Para ello se realiza una investigación de carácter mixto con alumnado de Educación Secundaria que cursa 3º de ESO (n=88), y se evalúa el uso de rúbricas durante varios meses. Entre los instrumentos utilizados en el desarrollo de la investigación destacan los diarios de campo, que nacen de la observación participante diaria en el aula y tres cuestionarios que se realizan en diferentes momentos del proceso. Los resultados nos indican que el uso de rúbricas en el seno del ABP, para la coevaluación o autoevaluación, requiere de un aprendizaje cuando el alumnado no está habituado a su uso, sin embargo, una vez que éste adquiere confianza en el método, resultan muy útiles y ayudan a desarrollar un espíritu crítico favoreciendo la evaluación formativa.
Musicoterapia aplicada al síndrome de Asperger a través del método Lettrock: intervención musical
Authors: López Rodríguez Lucía Isabel
Published: April 2022

El estudio abarca el efecto que la musicoterapia ejerce en pacientes con trastorno del espectro autista, específicamente, con síndrome de Asperger. Dicho trabajo nace tras la observación realizada durante los ensayos con los componentes de la banda “Sonamos Color Band”, a la cual pertenece el sujeto de la presente investigación.

Aparte de los objetivos y la metodología que lleva a cabo el grupo, se realizaron sesiones de musicoterapia individuales basadas en la modificación de la rigidez y flexibilidad conductual. Todo ello fue diseñado teniendo como referencia el método del musicoterapeuta Tom Naes.

La metodología utilizada durante las sesiones individuales consistió en ejercicios centrados en la variación continua de elementos musicales tales como el ritmo, armonía, intensidad, duración, etc. Siendo posteriormente aplicados y adaptados a los temas interpretados durante los ensayos con el resto de la banda.

La información recabada tras el proceso experimental ha derivado en los beneficios que la musicoterapia desarrolla en pacientes con dichas características. No obstante, se recogieron otros datos relacionados con el impacto que propició el uso de la memoria durante el proceso de interpretación grupal. Esta característica que a simple vista resultaba ser un rasgo muy positivo, a lo largo de la investigación ha dejado ver las desventajas que provocaba durante la interpretación y comunicación musical con respecto al resto de la banda. Es por ello, que dicha información podría convertirse en un punto clave como futuro trabajo de investigación.
Академічна філософія як наука і мистецтво
Authors: Хамітов Назіп Віленович
Published: April 2022

У статті обстоюється ідея, що академічна філософія є одночасно і наукою, і мистецтвом. Саме це дозволяє їй бути не просто інтерпретацією досягнень видатних мислителів минулого, а й творчістю, яка відповідає на виклики сьогодення й духовно розв’язує актуальні і вічні суперечності буття людини і світу. Автор доводить, що академічна філософія може проявлятися в теоретичній, есеїстичній, публіцистичній формах, а також у формі філософського мистецтва. Академічна філософія у поліфонії виявів у культурі здатна актуалізувати концептуальну інноваційну думку в науковій спільноті, зокрема в Національній академії наук України, сприяти гуманістичній консолідації вчених і суспільства, що вкрай важливо для розвитку цивілізаційної суб’єктності нашої країни.
Видатний ландшафтний архітектор Леонід Рубцов
Authors: Рубцова Олена Леонідівна , Чувікіна Наталія Валеріївна
Published: April 2022

Наприкінці минулого року вийшла друком монографія О.Л. Рубцової і Н.В. Чувікіної «Леонід Рубцов — видатний ландшафтний архітектор» (Київ: Фенікс, 2021), присвячена життю і творчості відомого дендролога, селекціонера, класика ландшафтної архітектури, доктора біологічних наук, професора Леоніда Івановича Рубцова (1902—1980), зусиллями якого Національний ботанічний сад ім. М.М. Гришка НАН України перетворився на справжню перлину садово-паркового мистецтва національного значення. З огляду на те, що 23 березня 2022 р. виповнилося 120 років від дня народження Л.І. Рубцова, редакція журналу звернулася до авторів монографії з проханням розповісти про життєвий шлях цього видатного вченого.