bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spatial-temporal Evolution of ESV in the Yellow River Basin and Its Response to Land Use Change
Authors: Yang Jie , Xie Baopeng , Zhang Degang
Published: March 2022

Evaluating the value of ecosystem services and clarifying their temporal and spatial characteristics can effectively assist regions in formulating targeted and localized sustainable ecological management strategies. This study takes the Yellow River Basin (YRB）in China as the research area, analyzes the ecosystem service value (ESV) and its spatial-temporal variation characteristics in this region, using the equivalent factor method and geospatial exploration method, introduces the elasticity coefficient, and explores the response of ESV change to land use change, based on the land use cover data from 1990 to 2020. The results show that from 1990 to 2020, the ESV of the YRB showed an overall increasing trend, mainly because the ecological construction project increased the forest land and grassland in the region, thus the ecosystem service function was improved. In the past 28 years, the spatial characteristics of ESV in the YRB are relatively stable. The high-value areas are mainly distributed in the upper Yellow River, while the low-value areas are mainly distributed in the lower Yellow River, but the cold spots and hot spots are reduced. The ESV barycenter coordinates show the direction of the transfer trajectory, which is first to the southwest, then to the northeast, and then to the southwest. From 2000 to 2010, the land use change in the YRB had a greater impact on ESV. Since 2010, the disturbance of ecosystem services by land use change has decreased. The elastic index of the upstream region and the Loess Plateau region is significantly higher than that of other regions, and the impact of land use change on ecosystem services is more obvious, which is mainly because the large-scale implementation of ecological construction projects has significantly improved the ecological function of the region. Our results is conducive to promoting the coordination of sustainable development and ecological protection in YRB, which is based on a comprehensive spatial-temporal assessment of ESV.
Integration of Geospatial Technology and AHP knowledge Based Technique in Preparation of Susceptibility Modelling to Gully Erosion: A Study from Cratonic Part of Eastern India
Authors: Modak Partha , Mandal Mrinal , Mandi Susanta , Ghosh Biswajit
Published: March 2022

Gully erosion is conceived as one of the environmental problems resulting mainly from surface run-off and associated geo-physical factors. This erosion augments the process of land degradation. To identify the major factors responsible in this process and their assessment in preparation of gully erosion susceptibility mapping, the geospatial technology has been a huge support for earth scientists for decades. Proper analysis and assessment of satellite images employing multi-criteria decision making models facilitates the estimation of areas of soil erosion and gully formation. The present study, carried out in eastern plateau fringe of India using Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographical Information System (GIS), and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) model to assess zones susceptible to gully erosion. The study reveals around 52% area of Rupai basin experiences moderate to very high gully erosion, and the model is validated performing an accuracy assessment, which is computed as 72.72%. The factors are hold major responsible factors in soil erosion and gully formation are geomorphology, slope, Land Use and Land Cove (LULC), soil and Stream Power Index (SPI). Sites, such as Kutidih, Mahakudar and Kuki experience loss of soil approximately 6.09, 40.96, and 1.40 tonne respectively. The generated gully erosion susceptibility map may help in planning and management of soil and water conservation.
Selenium Speciation in the Sediments and the Oligochaete Lumbriculus Variegatus
Authors: Yang Jichen , Yan Xin , Liu Hongsong , Chen Hongxing , Wang Yongzhuang , Zhang Wei , Dong Wu , Li Dan , Xie Lingtian
Published: March 2022

Sediments are the major sink for selenium (Se) in aquatic environments. Se speciation in sediments is crucial for its bioavailability and the toxicity in benthos but this is relatively understudied. In this study, selenite (Se(IV)) and seleno-L-methionine (Se-Met) were respectively added to sediments for 90 and 7 days, and the accumulation and depuration of Se in the oligochaete Lumbriculus variegatus was investigated. The background levels of Se in the river sediments, fish flakes, and L. variegatus were also detected. Without the presence of worms, the levels of Se(IV) in the sediments were relatively stable within 7 d but showed a decreasing trend during the 90 d of aging. In contrast, Se-Met in the sediments showed a sharp decrease within 3 d of aging. The LC50-96h values of Se(IV) and Se-Met in L. variegatus were 372.6 and 9.4 µg/g. Interestingly, the dominant Se species in Se(IV)- or Se-Met-treated L. variegatus was Se-Met, whose levels were increased with time in 7 days of exposure. Se was barely depurated from L. variegatus during the 8 d of depuration period. This study has provided indispensable data on the levels of total Se in the abiotic and biotic matrices and the biodynamics of Se in a representative benthos, which could better understand the ecological risk of Se to the freshwater benthic communities.
Exosomes derived from BMSCs regulate pyroptosis by miR-143-3p/MyD88 axis to ameliorate intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury
Authors: Wan Zhanhai , Zhang Guangru , Zhang Yan , Lv Jipeng , Yuan Yuan , Guo Wenwen , Leng Yufang
Published: March 2022

Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a condition in which tissue injury is aggravated after ischemia due to recovery of blood supply. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosome (BMSC-exo) showed a positive effect on I/R injury. This study aimed to investigate the effects and possible mechanism of BMSC-exo on intestinal I/R injury based on pyroptosis. BMSC-exos were isolated by super-centrifugation methods. Cell proliferation and apoptosis in the cell model, and intestinal barrier injury in the mouse model were analyzed to explore the effects of BMSC-exo on intestinal I/R, and inflammatory cytokines and pyroptosis-related proteins were analyzed to explore the effects of BMSC-exo on pyroptosis. In addition, miRNA microarray sequencing was used to analyze the differentially expressed miRNA in the regulation of BMSC-exo in intestinal I/R to further elucidate the mechanism. The results showed that BMSC-exo effectively reduced cell apoptosis, alleviated intestinal barrier injury, and regulated the expression of inflammatory cytokines and pyroptosis-related protein, suggesting that BMSC-exo may alleviate intestinal I/R injury by regulating pyroptosis in vitro and in vivo. In addition, the differentially expressed miRNA screened by miRNA microarray sequencing was miR-143-3p. Bioinformatics analysis predicted that there was a binding site between miR-143-3p and MyD88, and dual-luciferase reporter assay confirmed that miR-143-3p could directly target MyD88 and regulate its expression. Further studies verified that miR-143-3p may regulate pyroptosis by regulating NLRP3 through the TLR4/MyD88/NF-кB pathway and participate in BMSC-exo to alleviat intestinal I/R. In conclusion, this study found that BMSC-exo alleviated intestinal I/R by regulating pyroptosis through the miR-143-3p/MyD88/NF-кB/NLRP3 axis.
Simulation-Based Evaluation of Two Insect Trapping Grids for Delimitation Surveys
Authors: Caton Barney , Fang Hui , Manoukis Nicholas , Pallipparambil Godshen
Published: March 2022

In the United States, delimitation trapping surveys with square grids have been used for decades for exotic insects without rigorous evaluation. We used simulations to investigate the effectiveness of two representative designs: an 8-km grid for Acrolepiopsis assectella (leek moth) and a 14.5-km grid for Ceratitis capitata (Mediterranean fruit fly, “Medfly”). We investigated grid compositions and design factors, measuring performance as the mean probability of pest capture over all traps, p(capture), and designed improved grids for both species. For the basic designs, p(capture) was 0.86 for leek moth and 0.71 for Medfly, with the latter performing better due to greater lure and trap attractiveness. For both designs, 86 percent or more of mean p(capture) came from core area captures. Egress testing indicated that both grids were oversized. An improved grid for leek moths would use 80 traps in a 3.2-km diameter circle: mean p(capture) decreased but total cost was reduced by 91 percent. The best grid for Medfly was a 4.8-km diameter circle grid with 232 traps, which gave mean p(capture) of 0.66 and reduced total costs by 86 percent. Simulation may be used to improve common trapping survey plans, often saving significantly on costs while maintaining survey performance.
Dupilumab With Concomitant JAK Inhibitor：A Novel Strategy For Atopic Dermatitis With Poor Response To Dupilumab
Authors: yang nali , Chen Lele , Shao Junyi , Jiang Fan , Liu Jingjing , LI Zhiming
Published: March 2022

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a disturbing, relapsing inflammatory skin disease characterized by recurrent eczema foci and intense itching. Due to the effectiveness and safety of Dupilumab, it is considered a savior for AD patients.Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of JAK inhibitors (JAKi) plus Dupilumab therapy in refractory AD patients.Method: An observational study analyzing the disease control status of refractory AD patients under the treatment of Dupilumab. Data on patients with moderate to severe AD treated with Dupliumab were obtained from the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. The clinical effectiveness and safety of Dupilumab combined with JAKi were evaluated and monitored.Results: Of the 198 patients enrolled, 56 (28.3%) had underreacted to Dupilumab to dupilumab at 16 weeks. Proportion of patients with an improvement from baseline in the Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI-75) of at least 75% (65.7%;130/198). Five patients eventually discontinued treatment due to adverse reactions. Among uncontrolled patients (n=51) who did not achieve EASI≤7 or IGA 0/1 during the 16-week study period, 74.5% (38/51) achieved EASI-75 by week 52, including 71.1%(27/38) in combination with JAKi therapy. No significant systemic side effects in the combined JAKi group.Limitations: Including small sample size, short observation period.Conclusion: Given the tremendous burden of AD, the demand for new targeted therapies is very high. The combination of JAKi and Dupilumab in AD patients with low response rates may dramatically changing the treatment expectations of patients and doctors.
Photography Tele-Transmission By Regular Ambulance Staff For The Management Of Mild Trauma Injury – The Nicephore Randomised-Controlled Trial
Authors: MAGIMEL-PELONNIER Edouard , Marjanovic Nicolas , Couvreur Raphael , Drugeon Bertrand , Guenezan Jeremy , Mimoz Olivier
Published: March 2022

Background:.Handling emergency calls in French emergency medical call centres (EMCCs) can be challenging considering the frequent lack of relevant information. Tele-transmission devices use in regular ambulance seems like a good solution to bring the EMCC physician a more accurate assessment of the scene, in particular for mild trauma injury (MTI). We measured the impact of ambulance staff tele-transmitted photographies on prehospital dispatching optimisation for patients calling the EMCC with MTI.Methods: We conducted a prospective, single-centre, randomised-controlled trial comparing two groups of patients calling the EMCC with MTI who did or did not benefit from photography tele-transmission by ambulance staff. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients referred away from the nearest hospital (left at home for outpatient care; referred to a higher level hospital; handled by a medical intensive care ambulance for advanced pre-hospital care) used as a marker of better orientation.Results:.Between 29 April 2019 and 21 July 2020, 165 patients were randomised and 152 analysed. Photography tele-transmission resulted in better patient dispatching (24/73 [33%] patients in the intervention group vs 9/79 [11%] patients in the control group, OR 3.80 [1.63 – 8.90]; p = 0.03), without increasing the proportion of patients initially left at home for outpatient care and visiting an ED within 10 days for secondary trauma-related care (1/14 [7%] vs 1/4 [25%], OR 0.25 [0.01-24.1]; p = 0.41). The proportion of patients unnecessarily referred to an ED was 7% [4/59 patients] in the intervention group vs 16% [12/75 patients] in the control group (OR 0.38 [0.09-1.36]; p = 0.10).Conclusion: Photographies tele-transmission by regular ambulance staff improves the dispatching of patients calling French EMCCs with MTI.Trial registration: The study is registered with Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04034797).
Multiple Brain Abscesses in an Extremely Preterm Infant and a 12-Year Follow Up: A Case Report
Authors: Pan Shulin , Lin Su , Lin Jing , Chen Shangqin , Lin Zhenlang
Published: March 2022

Background: Brain abscesses are uncommon but life-threatening in extremely preterm (EP, Gestational Age<28 weeks) infants. The information of long-time follow-up is rare. And very few cases presented almost intact neural function after injury. Case presentation: We report the clinical course and the outcome of a 27-week preterm infant with multiple brain abscesses. The brain abscesses were detected by cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and were treated with surgical aspiration twice and a 7-week course of intravenous antibiotics. The patient had two episodes of seizure like activities at 8 and 11 years old respectively, whereas she had normal results of electroencephalogram (EEG). MRI showed encephalomalacia and periventricular leukomalacia. Otherwise, she had no obvious neurological deficits based on multiple physical examination and her intellectual quotient (IQ) was in normal range in the long-time follow-up. Conclusions: Early diagnosis of brain abscesses and appropriate therapy can improve the prognosis. Furthermore, it was a surprise for us to witness the great neuroplasticity of brain in an EP infant.
L-type calcium channel blocker increases VEGF concentrations in retinal cells and human serum
Authors: Groop Per-Henrik , Kumar Anmol , Mutter Stefan , Parente Erika B. , Harjutsalo Valma , Lithovius Raija , Mathavan Sinnakaruppan , Forsblom Carol , Lehto Markku , Hiltunen Timo P. , Kontula Kimmo K.
Published: March 2022

Objective: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a key role in diabetic retinopathy (DR). L-type calcium channel blockers (LTCCBs) have been widely used as antihypertensive medication (AHM), but their association with VEGF and DR is still unclear. Therefore, we explored the effect of LTCCBs compared to other AHMs on VEGF concentrations in retinal cells and human serum. Furthermore, we evaluated the association between the use of LTCCBs and the risk of severe diabetic eye disease (SDED). Research design and methods: Müller cells (MIO-M1) were cultured as per recommended protocol and treated with LTCCBs and other AHMs. VEGF secreted from cells were collected at 24 hours intervals. In an interventional study, 39 individuals received LTCCBs or other AHM for four weeks with a four-week wash-out placebo period between treatments. VEGF was measured during the medication and placebo periods. Finally, we evaluated the risk of SDED associated with LTCCB usage in 192 individuals from the FinnDiane Study in an oberservational setting. Results: In the cell cultures, medium VEGF concentration increased time-dependently after amlodipine (p<0.01) treatment, but not after losartan (p>0.01), or lisinopril (p>0.01). Amlodipine, but no other AHM, increased serum VEGF concentration (p<0.05) during the interventional clinical study. The usage of LTCCB was not associated with the risk of SDED in the observational study. Conclusions: LTCCB increases VEGF concentrations in retinal cells and human serum. However, the usage of LTCCBs does not appear to be associated with SDED in adults with type 1 diabetes.
Similarities and differences in systemic risk factors for retinal artery occlusion and retinal vein occlusion: A nationwide case-control study
Authors: Ørskov Marie , Vorum Henrik , Larsen Torben Bjerregaard , Lip Gregory Y. H. , Bek Toke , Skjøth Flemming
Published: March 2022

Background: To investigate the relationship between risk factors of retinal artery occlusion (RAO) and retinal vein occlusion (RVO) and thereby identify similarities and differences between the two types of retinal vascular occlusions.Methods: In this case-control study, 5997 RAO patients were included and matched with three RVO patients each. The RVO patients were matched on sex and age at index date. All patients, personal information, diagnoses, and prescriptions were obtained from the Danish nationwide registries. Adjusted conditional logistic regression was used to investigate the association of RAO and RVO with the included risk factors.Results: RAO was stronger associated with arterial hypertension, heart failure, ischemic heart disease, peripheral artery disease, renal disease, and stroke than RVO, with effect measures ranging from 1.13-2.08. RVO was inversely associated with atrial fibrillation, cataract, and glaucoma with effect measures of 0.84 (95% CI: 0.75-0.95), 0.83 (95% CI: 0.76-0.90) and 0.45 (95% CI: 0.40-0.52), respectively. Conclusion: Differences in the level of associations with the included risk factors suggests differences in the pathophysiologies of the two diseases. The main pathophysiology associated with RAO was atherosclerosis, whereas the main pathophysiology associated with RVO were changes in the pressure gradients of the eyes.
Tripartite motif protein 32 overexpression promotes inflammation and pyroptosis in INS-1 cells via the NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway under high glucose conditions
Authors: wan tingting , Wang Hongjie , Wang Chunxu , Wang Yidan , Li Xiudan , Li Yanbo
Published: March 2022

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an inflammatory disease, and the primary features are insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. Inflammation and pyroptosis contribute to insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. Therefore, it is important to identify novel biomarkers to alleviate inflammation and pyroptosis in T2DM. Tripartite motif protein 32 (TRIM32) belongs to the TRIM family and is involved in inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and autophagy. Moreover, TRIM32 participates in insulin resistance in skeletal muscle and liver; however, its role in β-cell dysfunction remains elusive. Herein, this study investigated the role of TRIM32 in inflammation and pyroptosis in INS-1 cells.Methods and Results: This study confirmed for the first time that serum TRIM32 was upregulated in T2DM patients by ELISA, and high glucose-induced TRIM32 expression in INS-1 cells was validated by western blot, quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, and immunofluorescence staining. Overexpression of TRIM32 promoted inflammation and pyroptosis in INS-1 cells under high glucose conditions, whereas silencing TRIM32 had the opposite effects. TUNEL staining and lactate dehydrogenase release assays were performed. In addition, BAY 11-7082 blocked the NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway and significantly attenuated INS-1 cells inflammation and pyroptosis in a high glucose environment. Conclusions: Overexpression of TRIM32 promoted inflammation and pyroptosis in INS-1 cells partly through the NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway under high glucose conditions.
Characterization of Methylation Patterns Associated with Lifestyle Factors and Vitamin D Supplementation in a Healthy Elderly Cohort from Southwest Sweden
Authors: Cruz Maria Araceli Diaz , Ulfenborg Benjamin , Blomstrand Peter , Faresjö Maria , Ståhl Fredrik , Karlsson Sandra
Published: March 2022

Background: Numerous studies have shown that lifestyle factors, such as regular physical activity and vitamin D intake, may remarkably improve overall health and mental wellbeing. This is especially important in older adults whose vitamin D deficiency occurs with a high prevalence. This study aimed to examine the influence of lifestyle and vitamin D on global DNA methylation patterns in an elderly cohort in Southwest of Sweden. We also sought to examine the methylation levels of specific genes involved in vitamin D's molecular and metabolic activated pathways.Methods and results: We performed a genome wide methylation analysis, using Illumina Infinium DNA Methylation EPIC 850kBeadChip array, on 277 healthy individuals from Southwest Sweden at the age of 70-95. The study participants also answered queries on lifestyle, vitamin intake, heart medication, and estimated health. Vitamin D intake did not in general affect methylation patterns, which is in concert with other studies. However, when comparing the group of individuals taking vitamin supplements, including vitamin D, with those not taking supplements, a difference in methylation in the SCL25A24 gene was found. This confirms a previous finding, where changes in expression of SLC25A24 were associated with vitamin D treatment in human monocytes. The combination of vitamin D intake and high physical activity increased methylation of genes linked to regulation of vitamin D receptor pathway, the Wnt-pathway and general cancer processes. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first study detecting epigenetic markers associated with the combined effects of vitamin D supplementation and high physical activity. These results deserve to be further investigated in an extended, interventional study cohort, where also the levels of 25(OH)D can be monitored.
Perinatal outcomes of two consecutive strategies for the management of fetal growth restriction: a before-after study
Authors: Demirdjian Sabrina Paola , Meller Cesar Hernan , Berruet Maria Celeste , Dosdoglirian Gonzalo , Etchegaray Adolfo
Published: March 2022

Purpose We aim to compare the perinatal outcomes of two consecutive management strategies for fetal growth restriction (FGR), with or without the inclusion of additional Doppler parameters. Methods A quasi-experimental before/after study was conducted in which we compared a composite perinatal outcome, prematurity rate and neonatal complications between two management strategies in small fetuses. In the strategy 1 (S1), the management was based on fetal biometry and umbilical artery Doppler. The second strategy (S2) added the assessment of uterine and middle cerebral artery Doppler. We also compared outcomes between strategies according to early (≤32 weeks) and late (>32 weeks) diagnosis subgroups. Results We included 396 patients, 163 in S1 and 233 in S2. There were no significant differences in the perinatal composite outcome (p 0.98), prematurity (p 0.19) or in the subgroup analysis. We found a significant reduction in respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) rate with S2 both globally (OR 0.50, p 0.02), and in the early diagnosis subgroup (OR 0.45, p 0.01). In addition, we observed a significant reduction in the incidence of sepsis with S2 both globally (OR 0.30, p 0.04) and in the early diagnosis subgroup (OR 0.25, p 0.02). We did not observe significant differences in necrotizing enterocolitis (p 0.41) and intraventricular hemorrhage (p 1.00). Conclusion The expanded strategy for the management of FGR did not show significant differences in the primary composite outcome or prematurity. However, it was associated with a lower incidence of RDS and neonatal sepsis.
Targeting Cooperation of Chronic Inflammation with Epigenetic Reprogramming Triggers a Synthetic Lethality in Glioblastoma Multiforme
Authors: Lin Kefeng , Gao Wenli , Chen Ning , Wang Han , Wang Ran , Yang Shuyao , Xie Fang , Meng Jiaqi , Lam Eric W.-F. , Ma Chao , Li Suyi , Kang Ning , Hao Yuchao , Wu Zheng , Ge Qi , Guo Lili , Cheng Wei , Chen Puxiang , Wu Hongjin , Yan Jinsong , Jin Di , Jin Bilian
Published: March 2022

Background
Without an effective strategy for targeted therapy, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is still incurable, with a median survival of only 15 months. Both chronic inflammation and epigenetic reprogramming are hallmarks of cancer. However, the mechanisms and consequences of their cooperation in GBM remain unknown.
Methods
Western blotting was carried out to detect levels of various histone modifications affected by NF-κB signalling. Then, RNA-seq was used to screen genes encoding methyltransferases and demethylases of histone. Dual-luciferase reporter gene and ChIP assays were performed to determine whether NF-κB activates the transcription of EZH2. Subsequently, ChIP-seq and RT-qPCR were performed to explore the variety of H3K27me3 distribution. Expression levels of p65 and EZH2 in glioma samples were evaluated by IHC, and tumorigenicity assays (in vitro and in vivo) were performed to demonstrate the effects of combining NF-κBi and EZH2i on GBM progression.
Results
We discovered that chronic inflammation governs H3K27me3 reprogramming in GBM through the canonical NF-κB pathway to target EZH2. Being a crucial mediator of chronic inflammation, the canonical NF-κB signalling specifically directs the expression and redistribution of H3K27me3 but not H3K4me3, H3K9me3 and H3K36me3. Then, we identified EZH2 as a key methyltransferase to control inflammation-triggered epigenetic reprogramming in gliomagenesis. Mechanistically, NF-κB selectively drives the expression of EZH2 by activating its transcription, consequently resulting in a global change of H3K27me3 expression and distribution. Furthermore, we find that co-activation of NF-κB and EZH2 confers the poorest clinical outcome, and that the risk for GBM can be accurately molecularly stratified by NF-κB and EZH2. It is notable that NF-κB can potentially cooperate with EZH2 in more than one way, and most importantly, we demonstrated a synthetic lethality of cancer cells induced by combinatory inhibition of NF-κB and EZH2, which both are frequently over-activated in GBM.
Conclusions
We uncover a functional cooperation between chronic inflammation and epigenetic reprogramming in GBM. Thus, combined targeting of NF-κB and EZH2 by inhibitors can be a potent strategy for the effective treatment of this fatal disease.
Green synthesis of Chitosan - Selenium bionanocomposite with high biocompatibility and its marked impact on Las B and RhII genes expression in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Selvaraj Karthick Raja Namasivayam , Nizar MohideenNizar , Sudersan AV , Bharani RS , Kumar Ganesh Kumar , Nachiyar Valli
Published: March 2022

Recently, there has been an augmenting demand for chitosan-metal nanocomposites in biomedicine as drug delivery and diagnostic agent due to their notable efficacy and desired biocompatibility. In this present study, chitosan-selenium nanocomposite (CS-SeNC) prepared by in vitro, economical green chemistry principle was evaluated for quorum quenching activity against quorum sensing virulence genes expression in the human pathogenic multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Biocompatibility of the synthesised CS-SeNC was evaluated on the zebrafish model by determination of expression pattern of oxidative stress enzymes genes –catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD1), apoptosis genes p53 and Bax genes in liver tissue. Histopathological analysis of the liver was also conducted. The silencing effect of the synthesised nanocomposite on major virulence factors encoding genes Las B and RhII was investigated by determining relative gene expression rate adopting quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. This is followed by studies that measure relative gene expression of respective quorum sensing genes, the effect of CS-SeNC on the quorum sensing genes mediated virulence factors like biofilm formation, pyocyanin production, swarming motility and elastase activity were demonstrated. Relative gene expression of both the genes was significantly reduced in all the dosages of CS-SeNC treatment, with subsequent reduction in the production of all the tested virulence factors of P.aeruginosa. The absence of marked expression of oxidative stress enzymes genes apoptosis genes in the CS-SeNC administrated zebrafish model reveals the best biocompatibility. Liver histology has not shown any marked effect, confirming the best biocompatibility. The present study implies that CS-SeNC prepared by in situ green science principles is the promising antibacterial agent against multiple drug-resistant bacterial strains, which exhibit an antagonistic effect by inhibiting the molecular mechanism of pathogenesis with noteworthy biocompatibility.
Embodiment comfort levels during Motor Imagery training combined with immersive Virtual Reality in spinal cord injury: a case report
Authors: Pais-Vieira Carla , Gaspar Pedro , Matos Demétrio , Alves Leonor Palminha , Cruz Bárbara Moreira da , Azevedo Maria João , Gago Miguel , Poleri Tânia , Perrotta André , Pais-Vieira Miguel
Published: March 2022

Brain-machine interfaces combining visual, auditory, and tactile feedback have been previously used to generate embodiment experiences during spinal cord injury (SCI) rehabilitation. It is not known if adding temperature to these modalities can result in discomfort with embodiment experiences. In this case study, the levels of comfort with the embodiment experiences were investigated in an intervention that required a chronic pain SCI patient to generate lower limb motor imagery commands in an immersive environment combining visual (virtual reality -VR), auditory, tactile, and thermal feedback. Assessments were made pre/post and throughout the intervention (Weeks 0–5), and at seven weeks follow up. Overall, high levels of embodiment in the adapted three-domain scale of embodiment were found throughout the sessions. No significant adverse effects of VR were reported. Sessions induced only a modest reduction in the levels of pain. Overall reductions occurred in all pain scales (Faces, Intensity, Verbal) at follow up. A high degree of comfort in the comfort scale for the thermal-tactile sleeve, in both the thermal and tactile feedback components of the sleeve was reported. This study supports the feasibility of combining multimodal stimulation involving visual (VR), auditory, tactile, and thermal feedback to generate embodiment experiences in neurorehabilitation programs.
Gaps in neonatal thermal care in low-resource settings: A web-based survey of healthcare workers.
Authors: Kyokan Michiko , Jirapaet Veena , Rosa-Mangeret Flavia , Pisoni Giorgia Brambilla , Pfister Riccardo E
Published: March 2022

Background: Hypothermia has been widely regarded as a major contributory factor to neonatal mortality and morbidity in low-resource settings. Despite the recognition of the importance of thermal care for neonates a century ago and the established WHO guidelines, a high prevalence of neonatal hypothermia is still regularly reported. Hypothermia is avoidable in the majority of neonates because it is not a complication of prematurity but more the result of inadequate thermal care. The objective of this study was to explore the current gaps in knowledge and practice in neonatal thermal care among healthcare workers in low-resource settings.Methods: We conducted a 2-round, web-based survey of a purposive and snowball sample of healthcare workers in neonatal care in low-resource settings. The questionnaire was developed using themes of neonatal thermal care extracted from existing neonatal care guidelines, including WHO’s. The survey asked multiple-choice questions, supplemented by open-ended questions to capture first hand insights and information on neonatal thermal care. Results of the survey were analysed using Microsoft Excel. Data was collated and summarized using descriptive measures. Results: Almost all participants acknowledged the importance of all the WHO warm chain elements, however, fewer participants responded positively regarding the practice of this warm chain. Only 56% of the participants acknowledged the usefulness of checking the hand or foot temperature by hand-touch. The usefulness of the axillary or rectal temperature was valued higher than that of the hand or foot temperature as an indicator of cold stress. Opinions diverged regarding the hand or foot temperature, including apparent inaccuracy compared to axillary or rectal temperature. Preferences on rewarming strategies widely differed among participants and so did the availability of warming equipment in their institutions. Conclusions: We identified the general acknowledgment of the importance of the WHO warm chain but also its limited practice. We also identified that an inadequate understanding of cold stress underestimates the potential benefits of the hand or foot temperature and leads to missed opportunities for timely prevention of hypothermia. Furthermore, lack of consistent guidance on equipment for rewarming hypothermic neonates hampers recovery.
Verschränkungen kultureller Bildpraxen und Bildbegegnungen im Kunstunterricht
Authors: Waffner-Labonde Annika
Published: March 2022

Das Bild nimmt im Kontext digitaler Kommunikationsstrukturen einen immer grösseren Stellenwert ein (Gunkel 2018, 21f.). Als Reaktion wurde vonseiten der Kunstpädagogik der Bereich der Bildkompetenzen erweitert, um auch in digitalen Strukturen eine aktive kulturelle Teilhabe zu ermöglichen (Niehoff 2017, 101ff.). Was bisher nicht ausreichend in den Blick genommen wurde, ist, dass sich die Lernenden bereits in diesen Strukturen bewegen und sie mitgestalten. Der Beitrag zeigt auf, welche Perspektiven kunstpädagogische Forschung in diesem Bereich einnehmen kann, um Erkenntnisse für das Fach zu generieren. Dafür werden Tendenzen der gegenwärtigen kulturellen Bildpraxis aufgezeigt, ebenso wie die Einflüsse der Digitalisierung auf die Bildbegegnung. Aus der Verschränkung lassen sich erste Konsequenzen für kunstpädagogische Forschung und unterrichtliche Praxis aufzeigen, die es weiter zu untersuchen gilt.
KuDiKuPa – Kultur der Digitalität = Kultur der Partizipation?!
Authors: Autenrieth Daniel , Nickel Stefanie
Published: March 2022

Der Beitrag gibt Einblick in ein dialogisch angelegtes, partizipativ organisiertes Hochschulseminar und rückt praxiserforschende Aspekte zwischen Schulen, Hochschulen und Bildungslandschaft auf Basis eines Modells in den Fokus. Über theoretische Ausgangspunkte wird der Frage nachgegangen, wie eine Kultur der Digitalität durch politisch-kulturelle Medienbildung zu einer Kultur der Partizipation werden kann. Weiterhin wird der Begriff der Partizipation betrachtet und danach gefragt, wie Gaming und Game Design einen Beitrag zu Partizipationserfahrungen leisten können. Zentral für die Seminargestaltung ist in dem aufgespannten theoretischen Rahmen ein Blick auf die Trias von partizipatorischer Schul- und Unterrichtsentwicklung. Den Abschluss des Beitrags bilden Praxiseinblicke in die im Rahmen eines Seminars erstellten digitalen Escape Games sowie den dahinterliegenden Entstehungsprozess. Dazu präsentiert der Beitrag Datenmaterial aus Forschungstagebüchern.
Changes in Hemostasis during Liver Transplantation in Children
Authors: Novikov D. I. , Zaitsev A. Yu. , Dubrovin K. V. , Bespalov E. K. , Filin A. V.
Published: February 2022

The objective: to assess changes of clinical and laboratory hemostasic parameters in children at the stages of orthotopic liver transplantation.

Subjects and Methods. A single-centre, prospective, pilot study of coagulation test scores was performed in 20 children aged 0 to 11 years with hepatoblastoma after a course of PRETEX IV chemotherapy who underwent liver transplantation from a related donor.

Results. Children from 0 to 11 years old with hepatoblastoma, after chemotherapy, retain the normal functional activity of the hemostasis system at the pre-hepatic stage of transplantation: APTT 34.6 (34.45; 38.65) s; prothrombin index (PI) 83.53 (74.09; 87.87) %; INR 1.22 (1.16; 1.42) in the 0‒2 year group, APTT 40.45 (34.9; 41, 68), PI 75.57 (64.41; 80.45) %, and INR 1.39 (1.36; 1.87) in the group aged 3‒11 years. Severe hypocoagulation develops by the end of the hepatic stage and in the first 15 minutes after the start of arterial blood flow through the graft: CT and CFT from 195.0 (189.0; 228.5) s and 163.0 (129.5; 171.5) s to 537.0 (456.0; 1,651.5) s and 468.0 (324.5; 611.5) s (p < 0.05), respectively, in the INTEM test. Hypocoagulation at this time develops due to deficiency of coagulation factors and the release of endogenous glycosaminoglycans from the endothelium transplant, as indicated by an increase in CT and CFT to 666.0 (468.5; 2,209.5) s and 254.5 (203.25; 305.75) s in INTEM, CT to 525.0 (389.0; 2028.0) s with p < 0.05 in HEPTEM in children under the age group of up to 2. Within 1 hour after the start of arterial blood flow, the effects of systemic heparinoid effects persist, which is confirmed by the dynamics of CT 360.0 (219.5; 2,116.5) s with up to 960.0 (560.5; 1,440.5) s with p < 0.05 in the EXTEM test.

Conclusion. Changes in hemostasis system parameters during surgery make it possible to judge about rapidly developing coagulation and anticoagulation disorders in children of the presented age groups. Specific changes in the coagulation profile at the stages of liver transplantation in children under the age of 11 inclusive, make it possible to do without routine correction of changes in the hemostasis system.
The Range of Problematic Issues of Percutaneous Knee Denervation
Authors: Аveryanov D. A. , Tsygankov K. A. , Lakhin R. E. , Shchegolev A. V. , Trukhin K. S.
Published: February 2022

Severe pain and, as a result, limitation of function are the main disabling factors in knee osteoarthritis. In such cases, percutaneous denervation (cryo- and chemoneurolysis, radiofrequency ablation) is used as one of the methods to reduce the intensity of pain and improve the patient's quality of life. Unfortunately, the relative 6-month effectiveness of this minimally invasive manipulation varies greatly and, according to the literature, ranges from 10 to 63%. The article discusses the scope of the most obvious interrelated factors that can negatively affect the effectiveness of denervation. Thanks to the fundamental works of recent years the anatomical location of the target sensory nerves of the knee joint in relation to bone and soft tissue landmarks have become more clear. This revised anatomy can significantly increase the effectiveness of percutaneous denervation of this joint and needs to be validated in clinical trials.
Acute Ischemic Stroke in the Postpartum Period
Authors: Dikov A. V. , Pyregov A. V. , Mikhaylova V. D. , Bychenko V. G.
Published: February 2022

During pregnancy and delivery, the risk of cerebrovascular disorders increases due to several physiological changes. The elevated level of estrogen stimulates the production of clotting factors, which deteriorates the risk of thromboembolism. Increased plasma volume and total blood volume lead to the risk of hypertension, and the high level of progesterone in the third trimester of pregnancy promotes the permeability of small blood vessels. The risk of developing cerebrovascular complications remains high in the postpartum period. The article describes two clinical cases of postpartum ischemic stroke as a complication after surgical delivery in young women with an aggravated somatic medical history. The treatment and follow-up of these patients during their stay in the intensive care unit included changes in management tactics, use of antiplatelet, anticoagulant, and metabolic therapy, and subsequent rehabilitation. This article describes the case-management interventions and changes in neurological symptoms of these patients, also it discusses the most likely etiological factors of cerebrovascular disorders in these cases
Features of functioning of the EAEU аs an integration association
Authors: Бударина Н.А. , Прокопович Р.С.
Published: March 2022

В данной статье рассмотрены основные аспекты деятельности Евразийского экономического союза как интеграционного объединения. Основное внимание уделено анализу экономических показателей Евразийского экономического союза в сравнении с ведущим интеграционным объединением мира - Европейским Союзом. Отражены характерные черты ЕАЭС и особенности его развития. Выявлены ключевые причины различных темпов развития и становления ЕАЭС и ЕС в контексте рассматриваемых экономических показателей

This article examines the main aspects of the Eurasian Economic Union as an integration association. The main attention is paid to the analysis of the economic indicators of the EAEU in comparison with the leading integration association in the world - the EU. The characteristic features of the EAEU and the features of its development are reflected. The key reasons for the different rates of development and formation of the EAEU and the EU are identified in the context of the economic indicators under consideration.
Afghanistan still attracts
Authors: Карпович О.Г. , Мустафабейли А.М.
Published: March 2022

В мировой внешнеполитической практике произошло беспрецедентное событие: великая держава - США - в итоге двадцатилетней войны с группировкой, признанной ООН террористической - «Движение талибов» (ДТ), - заключает с ней мирное соглашение, предполагающее ее участие во власти, в том числе в качестве ведущей политической силы. В соглашении удовлетворяется ключевое требование ДТ об установлении конкретных сроков вывода из страны американских войск. Взамен талибы соглашаются принять меры по недопущению создания угроз безопасности США и их союзников на территории Афганистана со стороны членов Движения, а также «Аль-Каиды», «Исламского государства» (ИГ), запрещенных в России, других террористических группировок и отдельных лиц, а также вступить в переговорный процесс в целях изыскания путей достижения межафганского примирения и формирования инклюзивных институтов государственной власти.

An unprecedented event has occurred in world foreign policy practice: a great power - the United States - as a result of a twenty - year war with a group recognized by the UN as a terrorist group - the Taliban Movement (DT) - concludes a peace agreement with it, assuming its participation in power, including as a leading political force. The agreement satisfies the key requirement of the DT to establish specific deadlines for the withdrawal of American troops from the country. In return, the Taliban agree to take measures to prevent the creation of threats to the security of the United States and its allies in Afghanistan by members of the Movement, as well as Al-Qaeda, Islamic State (IS), banned in Russia, other terrorist groups and individuals, as well as to enter into a negotiation process in order to find ways to achieve inter-Afghan reconciliation and the formation of inclusive institutions of state power.
Modelling of the process to determine credibility of texts using methods of natural language processing
Authors: Мосалов О.П.
Published: March 2022

В данной работе рассматривается проблема определения достоверности текстов и предлагается алгоритм для вычисления степени достоверности, использующий сам текст и его метаданные. Рассмотрены подходы к построению метрик производительности алгоритма. Приведены результаты вычислительных экспериментов, показывающие применимость существующих инструментов обработки естественного языка для выделения необходимых в алгоритме характеристик текста. Обсуждены дальнейшие шаги исследований и направления развития предложенного алгоритма.

In this paper the problem of determination of credibility of texts is considered, and an algorithm to calculate a degree of credibility, that uses the text and its metadata, is proposed. Approaches to build performance metrics for the algorithm are considered. Results of computational experiments that show applicability of existing NLP tools for data extracting that is needed by the algorithm are presented. Further research steps and ideas to improve the algorithm are discussed.
SOSYAL HİZMETLERİN SUNUMUNDA YENİ BİR MODEL OLAN AİLE SOSYAL DESTEK PROGRAMININ (ASDEP) İNCELENMESİ
Authors: ÖZPOLAT Ali Osman
Published: March 2022

Aile Sosyal Destek Programı (ASDEP) özellikle son yıllarda sosyal hizmetler alanında ortaya çıkan en yeni uygulamalardan biridir. ASDEP ortaya çıkana kadar sosyal hizmet alanında talep odaklı hizmetler ön plandayken ASDEP sosyal hizmetlerin sunumunda yeni bir bakış açısı getirmiştir. Bu program ile risk altında olduğu düşünülen ancak sosyal hizmet ve sosyal yardımlara ulaşamayan aileler önceliklendirilmektedir. Bu nedenle ailelere sunulan hizmetler içerisinde önemli bir yere sahiptir. ASDEP ile ülkemizde ailelerin psikososyal ve sosyoekonomik ihtiyaçlar konusunda desteklenmeleri, bizzat ailenin yaşam ortamında birebir sosyal incelemeler yapılması ve bu incelemeler neticesinde hanenin gereksinimine göre gerekli rehberlik ve yönlendirmenin gerçekleştirilmesi sağlanmaktadır. Ayrıca ASDEP hizmeti sosyal hizmet kuruluşlarından birisi olan Sosyal Hizmet Merkezleri (SHM) bünyesinde sunulmaktadır. ASDEP hali hazırda Türkiye’nin 81 ilinde 2017 yılından beridir devam etmektedir. Bu program kapsamında görev yapan personeller ise Sosyal Hizmet, Sosyoloji, Psikoloji, Rehberlik ve Psikolojik Danışmanlık, Çocuk Gelişimi ve Aile ve Tüketici Bilimleri bölümleri mezunlarından oluşmaktadır. Bu bağlamda çalışmamızda, ASDEP’in ne olduğu, ortaya çıkış süreci ve mevcut durumu üzerinde durularak sosyal hizmet perspektifinde ASDEP sürecinin net bir şekilde anlaşılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda genel olarak alanyazın taraması ve Aile ve Sosyal Hizmetler Bakanlığı verileri kullanılmıştır.
Public perceptions and perspectives on alternative sources of water for reuse generated at the household level
Authors: Portman Michelle E. , Vdov Olga , Schuetze Manfred , Gilboa Yael , Friedler Eran
Published: March 2022

Studying perceptions about reuse of alternative water sources informs about conditions necessary for transition to large-scale decentralized water reuse. We administered a perceptions survey to the public based on results of initial open interviews of water management experts in Israel. Experts indicated their views on impediments to widespread household water reuse which became the basis for developing the questionnaire. The latter aimed to understand views among the general public of: (a) willingness to adopt reuse practices from three sources: greywater, air conditioner condensate and roof-harvested rainwater; and (b) preferences for targeted use of these three types of reused water. The survey elicited 372 responses. A maximum-likelihood regression analysis was conducted using independent variables (i.e., demographic characteristics, individual positions regarding the state of the country's water resources and plans for the provision of domestic water (i.e., desalination), knowledge of the reuse practices and views about risks from various uses of the reused water, including off-premise uses). Willingness to implement reuse practices served as the dependent variable. We found that respondents indicating that they heard of the reuse of the particular types of reuse practices (variable: ‘Knowledge’) was the most significant of the independent variables for all three alternative water sources. Also, using an analytic hierarchy process, we determined that health risks were much more important when compared to convenience of use and costs under hypothetical scenarios of both moderate and significant savings in monthly water expenditures.