bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS SUMBER DAYA UMKM MELALUI SOSIALIASASI DIGITAL MARKETING DI DESA KRAMATAGUNG KABUPATEN PROBOLINGGO
Authors: Taufikurrahman Taufikurrahman , Imam M Alfiandi , Budiman Arief , Dary Dary , Siti Saliyah Fildha Hibatur Rahma , Widya Pramesti Arin , Ardi Saputri Amelia Oktavia , Nabila Pramana Tasya
Published: March 2023

Behind the modern technology in the economic field, there are still areas that are lagging behind or experiencing inequality. Such as in the Kramatagung Village area, Bantaran District, Probolinggo Regency. Many SME’s actors still market their products conventionally or from person to person because of the lack of knowledge about the use of the internet and its benefits. The proceeds from these sales are only sufficient to meet daily needs so that the development of SME’s businesses has not been able to increase the scale of production and add jobs. The purpose of this activity is to provide knowledge and understanding of digital marketing to SME’s actors to improve the quality of resources and develop their business, so that SME’s actors can reach consumers more broadly. In the implementation of these community service activities, the methods used are observation, interviews, lectures, discussions, demonstrations and practice. After participating in the digital marketing socialization, it is hoped that SME’s actors can utilize information technology as much as possible to help those who want to develop their business and be able to compete globally with other SME’s actors and can be more active in digital marketing through social media and e-commerce applications to be able to enter the market and reach a wider range of customers. In addition, the progress of Kramatagung Village will be clearly seen when SME’s actors apply the methods we inform you and also the level of the economy in Kramatagung Village will experience significant changes with the digital marketing.
The Sign Language Interpreting Gloves
Authors: Burhani Ziad MHD Adib , Prasetyo Judhi
Published: March 2023

This report’s primary purpose is to provide a detailed overview of the sign language interpreting gloves project. It starts with an introduction, background and history of the deaf community to better understand the needs and issues of the D/deaf community. In the following literature review, the reader will have the chance to learn about the modern-days challenges faced by hearing-impaired people, broadly explained and elaborated. The psychosocial impact of assistive technology and its effectiveness in improving life quality is discussed next. A lack of new technologies assisting the D/deaf community is not hardly noticed. As elaborated in the previously mentioned chapters, sign language interpreting services are expensive and sign language interpreters cannot be easily booked. These and other findings gathered from the research and also by a survey conducted on a group of deaf individuals indicate that sign language interpreting gloves are the new free interpreters-to-be, and the answer to acquiring the so-wanted independence. Evaluated to have such a significant impact, building this assistive technology that can be easily accessed is the project's focus. The working principles, block diagram and flowchart are also described in the methodology section, where building, not one but a pair of gloves is also documented step by step. Finally, results, discussion and future work will tell us more about the importance of interpreting gloves to close the gap between both hearing and deaf communities.
Prediction of Covid-19 Disease Using X-Ray Images with Deep Learning Algorithm
Authors: Ikawati Vidya , Yoeni Indrasary , Prihatmanto Ary Setijadi
Published: March 2023

The capacity of Indonesian medical personnel, especially pulmonary and radiology specialists, is still far from the proportionate ratio of Indonesia's population. This limitation is one of Indonesia's main issues in realizing adequate health services for lung sufferers. Furthermore, the diagnosis process is one of the keys to obtaining appropriate and fast treatment procedures for sufferers. This paper will review the research conducted by the PPTIK ITB team in developing a tool for diagnosing lung disease with the help of Deep Learning. In this study, deep learning models play a role in classifying diseases based on an X-Ray image of the lungs. At this stage, the performance of three deep learning models, ResNet50, ResNet101, and VGG19, will be compared in classifying COVID-19, Pneumonia, and tuberculosis. The performance metrics to be compared include accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score. The test results show that, on average, the VGG19 model gives the best results on the four performance metrics compared to the other two models.
SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH WORK OF THE MUSEUM AS THE MAIN DIRECTION OF MUSEUM ACTIVITIES (On a work experience example of the Central State Museum of the Republic of Kazakhstan)
Authors: Temirton Galiya
Published: March 2023

Abstract. In this article, one of the main directions of museum work - research activities based on its fund collections - considered on the example of the oldest museum both in Kazakhstan and in Central Asia.  This is primarily socio-humanitarian research of a source study nature, which focuses on the cameral processing, classification, identification and determination of the documentary properties of museum objects, as well as their scientific cataloguing. The research programs carried out by the museum demonstrate the museum's research activities, both in the development of specialized disciplines and in the popularization of the country's historical and cultural heritage. The focus is on museological case studies, which are intended to form new knowledge in the field of methodology of identification, collection, storage, processing of museum objects, as well as the study of museum collections as an important scientific source base.
Materials and methods: The sources for the article were the materials of the results of several museum scientific-applied researches, based on the stock collections of Kazakhstan museums, which implemented by the staff of the Central State Museum of Kazakhstan within the framework of state tenders on program-targeted financing. Thus, the materials (sources) for the study were works of art and culture, in particular, the watercolor paintings of the first Kazakh professional artist A.Kasteev from the collections of the Central State Museum and other museums of Kazakhstan. The materials in this thematic project were studied as representing historical and ethnographic sources on the traditional culture of the Kazakh people. The materials of the research also include ethnographic objects on Kazakh traditional applied culture in the chronological range covering the end of the XVIII and the beginning of the XX centuries, as well as archaeological collections from the middle ages.
In accordance with the different nature of museum objects, research methods appropriate to the profile of scientific study were used for example, systematization and classification of ethnographic objects from museum collections were applied thematically and problematically, as well as studying objects according to general typological features - typologization, identification, comparison of analogues, historical and cultural, contextual and other scientific methods. Historical-typological and comparative-contrast methods were used to analyze the main categories of archaeological material.
БОТАЙСКАЯ КУЛЬТУРА КАК ЧАСТЬ УРАЛО-ИРТЫШСКОЙ КУЛЬТУРНО-ИСТОРИЧЕСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ
Authors: Шакшаков Куаныш
Published: March 2023

Аннотация. В данной статье автором исследуется ареал распространения памятников ботайской культуры на территории Урало-Иртышской культурно-исторической области. Изучена научная литература по энеолиту Урало-Иртышского междуречья и сопредельных регионов Великой евразийской степи. Собраны и проанализированы материалы научных отчетов прошлых лет (из архивов, музеев и библиотек регионов Казахстана – Алматы, Петропавловск). Осуществлены археологические разведки, исследования в полевых сезонах 2021-2022 годов на территории ряда областей Казахстана. Изучен остеологический, керамический материал периода энеолита. Методом аналогии, анализа и синтеза археологических данных получены предварительные результаты, выдвинуты гипотезы по распространению и существованию в древности поселений, идентичности памятников ботайской культуры как значимой части Урало-Иртышской культурно-исторической области.

Материалы и методы исследования: Материалом исследования послужили памятники ботайской культуры и их степень распространения на территории Урало-Иртышского междуречья, проведены аналогии памятников ботайской культуры с памятниками Урало-Иртышской культурно-исторической общности, изучена историография по энеолиту Урало-Иртышского междуречья и сопредельных регионов Великой евразийской степи. Осуществлены археологические разведки, полевые исследования на территории ряда областей Казахстана. Изучен остеологический, керамический материал периода энеолита. Методом анализа и синтеза археологических данных получены предварительные результаты, выдвинуты гипотезы по рапространению и существованию в древности поселений, идентичности памятников ботайской культуры как значимой части Урало-Иртышской культурно-исторической области.
К ИНТЕРПРЕТАЦИИ СЮЖЕТОВ ВЫСОКОГО ИСКУССТВА ГОСУДАРСТВА КАНГЮЙ
Authors: Подушкин Александр Н.
Published: March 2023

Аннотация. Публикация посвящена историко-культурной и художественной интерпретации уникальных артефактов искусства периода государства Кангюй (I в. до н.э. – II в. н.э.) из Южного Казахстана. Впервые в археологии Казахстана, в катакомбном погребении могильника Кылышжар, обнаружены две срединные роговые накладки на рукоять лука с сюжетами социального и семантико-ритуального содержания, выполненные высокохудожественной гравировкой по рогу.
Первый связан с охотой знатного кангюйца на архаров. Здесь изображен всадник-номад восточного облика в позе низко сидящего жокея на лошади-кобылице, который стреляет из лука, охотясь на загнанных длительным преследованием животных. Стрелок имеет регалии власти, вооружен луком и вспомогательными к нему атрибутами (запасный лук, твердо корпусный горит-колчан с комплектом боевых стрел). Второй сюжет связан с охотой на группу архаров мифического полиморфного существа «медведе-льва»: животные стремятся ускользнуть от «зверя», который в броске схватил одну особь и готов ее терзать.
Обе композиции объединены охотой в сакральное действие, в котором человек (конный всадник с высокими властными полномочиями в социуме номадов со статусом, приближенным к божеству), и мифический «медведе-лев» (также божество) участвуют в качестве наделенных особыми социальными и религиозными функциями персонажей в охоте на архаров – животных, воплощающих у ираноязычных народов Центральной Азии и Южного Казахстана глобальное божество фарн (хварна), олицетворяющее счастье, богатство, здоровье, защиту от «злых» сил.
Высокий уровень художественного исполнения рисунков ставит роговые пластины с гравированными сюжетами в ряд подлинных шедевров изобразительного искусства государства Кангюй. Археологический комплекс и историко-культурные индикаторы позволяют определить хронологию изделий в пределах I в. до н.э. –II в. н. э.
Материалы и методы исследования: Материалами исследования послужили артефакты кургана №14, могильника Кылышжар расположенного близ с. Сарыарык Ордабасинского района, Туркестанской области, из археологического фонда ЦГМ РК. Погребальный инвентарь представлен клинковым вооружением – железные черешковые меч и кинжал с каменными навершиями, аксессуарами одежды – две железные пряжки и железными трехлопастными черешковыми наконечниками стрел, которые находились в кожаном колчане представлен двумя срединными роговыми накладками на рукоять лука с сюжетами социального и семантико-ритуального содержания, выполненные высокохудожественной гравировкой по рогу. При изучении накладок был применен формально-типологический метод исследования иконографии изображений, дополненный стилистическим анализом. При помощи сравнительного метода были выявлены общие и особенные черты артефактов. Так же были выявлены историко-археологические связи с помощью историко-сравнительного метода. Хронологическая атрибуция проведена с помощью относительной и абсолютной датировки. При исследовании использовались письменные источники, архивные материалы и полевые отчеты.
НОВЫЙ ЭМИССИОННЫЙ ЦЕНТР КОНЦА XIII ВЕКА – ГОРОД ХАНСТВА КАЙДУ (развалины Парканда / Берканда – городище Актобе у Тараза)
Authors: Петров Павел Н.
Published: March 2023

Аннотация. Целью настоящей работы является уточнение атрибуции уникальных по оформлению медных фалсов Чагатаидского ханства с зооморфным изображением, а также выяснение средневекового названия населенного пункта, являющегося ныне археологическим памятником Актобе, расположенным у села Бесагаш в Жамбыльском районе Казахстана. Проведено изучение двух новых экземпляров медных фалсов Чагатаидского ханства с изображением зверя вправо. Установлено, что в их круговых легендах цифрами указан год выпуска – 68(9) г.х. / 1290-1291 г.н.э. Кроме того, на городище Актобе, где находят эти медные монеты, были обнаружены серебряные дирхамы с неизвестным до настоящего времени названием монетного двора: Паркенд / Баркенд / Беркенд. Изучение письменных источников позволило установить, что вблизи р. Талас населенный пункт с таким названием проезжал царь Гетум I в 1255 г., возвращаясь из ставки Мунгка каана. Монетный двор, которым помечены обнаруженные дирхамы, и топоним из письменного нарративного источника «История Армении» Киракоса Гандзакеци абсолютно идентичны, несмотря на то, что переданы в одном случае арабскими буквами, в другом – армянскими. Установлено местоположение еще одного средневекового населенного пункта, находившегося на маршруте следования Гетума, а также получил идентификацию археологический памятник Актобе близ Бесагаша Жамбыльской области. Кроме того, близ современного г. Тараза, на одной из дорог Шелкового Пути обнаружен новый монетный двор Чагатаидского ханства. Следовательно, место чеканки фалсов оказывается установленным с достоверностью. Их выпускал средневековый эмиссионный центр, располагавшийся в Паркенде / Беркенд.
Bile acid sequestrants in poor healing after endoscopic therapy of Barrett’s esophagus
Authors: Welsch Lukas , May Andrea , Blasberg Tobias , Wetzka Jens , Müller Elisa , Heilani Myriam , Friedrich-Rust Mireen , Knabe Mate
Published: March 2023

Background/Aims: Endoscopic therapy for neoplastic Barrett’s esophagus (BE) has become the standard of care over the past two decades. In clinical practice, we regularly encounter patients who fail to achieve complete squamous epithelialization of the esophagus. Although the therapeutic strategies in the individual stages of BE, dysplasia, and esophageal adenocarcinoma are well studied and largely standardized, the problem of inadequate healing after endoscopic therapy is only marginally considered. This study aimed to shed light on the variables influencing inadequate wound healing after endoscopic therapy and the effect of bile acid sequestrants (BAS) on healing.Methods: Retrospective analysis of endoscopically treated neoplastic BE in a single referral center.Results: In 12.1% out of 627 patients, insufficient healing was present 8 to 12 weeks after previous endoscopic therapy. The average follow-up duration was 38.8±18.4 months. Complete healing was achieved in 13 patients already after intensifying proton pump inhibitor therapy. Out of 48 patients under BAS, 29 patients (60.4%) showed complete healing. An additional eight patients (16.7%) improved, but only partial healing was achieved. Eleven (22.9%) patients showed no response to BAS augmented therapy.Conclusions: In cases of insufficient healing even under exhaustion of proton pump inhibitors, treatment with BAS can be an option as an ultimate healing attempt.
A indústria têxtil no Brasil: uma perspectiva histórica e cultural
Authors: Fujita Renata Mayumi Lopes , Jorente Maria José
Published: March 2023

A trajetória histórica e cultural do setor têxtil e de confecção brasileiro demonstra que existiu e ainda existe um processo de mudança. Com a liberação comercial, que trouxe a globalização do mercado doméstico, o setor sofreu um choque estrutural; além disso, o Brasil vive uma invasão de produtos importados asiáticos. No histórico do setor têxtil, pode-se ressaltar a tecnologia como fator estratégico para mudanças e desenvolvimento, incluindo a questão da moda, que atualmente exige aderência à complexidade tecnológica dada à necessidade de assimilação de novas tendências artísticas e culturais para ressignificação contínua da cultura e mesmo da individualidade. Por outro lado, a trajetória da indústria têxtil brasileira tem história de aproximadamente 200 anos com casos de sucesso e insucesso em diferentes épocas que sofreram crises, assim como a de outros países da Europa, América do Norte e Ásia. A China aparece atualmente como o líder mundial em exportações de produtos têxteis e confeccionados. Os impactos da expansão da economia chinesa sobre a indústria têxtil brasileira começam a serem sentidos.
A percepção do design como posicionamento no segmento de moda
Authors: Einsfeldt Cristine , Muller Vera Denise
Published: March 2023

A sociedade de consumo tem evoluído através de transformações no mercado da moda e com isso, inovação e diferenciação tornam-se fatores determinantes às organizações. O design pode ser um grande aliado das empresas nesse contexto. O presente artigo busca avaliar a percepção de especialistas sobre o posicionamento estratégico por meio do design e para isso foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa junto a profissionais atuantes nas áreas de design, marketing e moda. O resultado obtido demonstrou o caráter estratégico do design integrado ao marketing em níveis gerenciais, como meio de obtenção de vantagens competitivas e auxiliar importante na elaboração de estratégias de segmentação e posicionamento. O design pode promover diversos benefícios às empresas e, sobretudo, favorece a compreensão de necessidades, desejos e demandas futuras do mercado de moda, o que pode ser essencial no relacionamento entre empresas e clientes, desenvolvido pelo marketing.
How TikTok served as a platform for young people to share and cope with lived COVID-19 experiences
Authors: Klug Daniel , Evans Morgan , Kaufman Geoff
Published: March 2023

The short-video app TikTok saw a large increase in usage during the COVID-19 lockdown because it provided entertainment, distraction, and social interaction based on video content engagement. We present results from an interview study with 28 U.S. TikTok users on how they shared and engaged with lived pandemic experiences on TikTok to cope with and socialize after the U.S. imposed its first lockdown. Participants had already established TikTok as a peer community platform on which sharing lived experiences felt appropriate. Due to COVID-19 restrictions, participants started to look for TikTok videos of shared lived pandemic experiences to interact with others when physical interaction was made impossible. We find that TikTok videos facilitated communication and parasocial interaction based on known audiovisual styles. Participants were able to communicate through video creation based on shared ways of presenting short-video content during COVID-19 physical distancing.
Microquímica do poder: uma análise genealógica dos psicofármacos contemporâneos
Authors: Soares Silvio de Azevedo
Published: March 2023

Esta obra apresenta uma pesquisa qualitativa em fontes bibliográficas e fílmica para traçar as singularidades políticas e subjetivas dos psicofármacos. O autor apresenta um jogo de contrastes, uma comparação entre as relações de poder-saber-sujeição que atravessam a psiquiatria em dois intervalos históricos distintos: a constituição e a consolidação da psiquiatria na França do século XIX e a medicalização das práticas e saberes psiquiátricos e, em especial, o uso asilar de substâncias químicas com algum efeito psicoativo (denominadas de de “protopsicofármacos”) na atualidade, sobretudo o Prozac, o antidepressivo mais receitado no planeta.
Involvement of ILC1-like innate lymphocytes in human autoimmunity, lessons from alopecia areata
Authors: Laufer Britva Rimma , Keren Aviad , Bertolini Marta , Ullmann Yehuda , Paus Ralf , Gilhar Amos
Published: March 2023

Here, we have explored the involvement of innate lymphoid cells-type 1 (ILC1) in the pathogenesis of alopecia areata (AA), because we found them to be significantly increased around lesional and non-lesional HFs of AA patients. To further explore these unexpected findings, we first co-cultured autologous circulating ILC1-like cells (ILC1lc) with healthy, but stressed, organ-cultured human scalp hair follicles (HFs). ILClc induced all hallmarks of AA ex vivo: they significantly promoted premature, apoptosis-driven HF regression (catagen), HF cytotoxicity/dystrophy, and most important for AA pathogenesis, the collapse of the HFs physiological immune privilege. NKG2D-blocking or IFNγ-neutralizing antibodies antagonized this. In vivo, intradermal injection of autologous activated, NKG2D+/IFNγ-secreting ILC1lc into healthy human scalp skin xenotransplanted onto SCID/beige mice sufficed to rapidly induce characteristic AA lesions. This provides the first evidence that ILC1lc, which are positive for the ILC1 phenotype and negative for the classical NK markers, suffice to induce AA in previously healthy human HFs ex vivo and in vivo, and further questions the conventional wisdom that AA is always an autoantigen-dependent, CD8 +T cell-driven autoimmune disease.
The next step in Mendelian randomization
Authors: Weith Matthias , Beyer Andreas
Published: March 2023

Expanding a statistical approach called Mendelian randomization to include multiple variables may help researchers to identify new molecular causes of specific traits.
Non-linear maker pedagogy in Finnish craft education
Authors: Härkki Tellervo , Seitamaa-Hakkarainen Pirita , Vartiainen Henriikka , Saarinen Auli , Hakkarainen Kai
Published: March 2023

This research explores the use of a non-linear maker pedagogy for implementing a major change in the Finnish national core curriculum. The latest curriculum change (2014) introduced so-called transversal competences, but also a major change for the subject of crafts: ‘multi-material’ crafts that involve former separately taught textile and technical crafts both now introduced to all pupils. These changes set the stage for in-service teacher training, as well as for pedagogical solutions, such as a non-linear maker pedagogy and closer collaboration between technical and textile craft teachers. A non-linear maker pedagogy refers to an approach combining several features: a shift from individual learning and solo teaching to collaborative knowledge-creating learning, opportunities for collective invention and improvisation, pupil-centred situated inquiry and the creation of artefacts that combine material and digital realms. In this collective case study, we interviewed six teachers who co-taught non-linear maker projects in six different schools. Through a qualitative content analysis, we identified successes and challenges regarding the use of a non-linear maker pedagogy, pupil collaboration and teaching digital skills through robotics and e-textiles. In the interviews, teachers reflected on their work mainly by describing their pupils’ accomplishments, reactions and learning. These reflections indicated similar challenges and successes, suggesting that the variation between pupils and pupil groups was larger than that between schools. Furthermore, we discuss whether the selected pedagogical approach was unduly ambitious. Despite all the challenges, most of the teachers expressed their commitment to developing their teaching practices along the lines of a non-linear maker pedagogy.Keywords: Co-teaching, Curriculum change, Digital skills, Non-linear maker pedagogy, Pupil-directed situated inquiry
Influences of environment, human activity, and climate on the invasion ofAgeratina adenophora(Spreng.) in Southwest China
Authors: Zhang Xiaojuan , Wang Guoyan , Peng Peihao , Zhou Yongxiu , Chen Zhuo , Feng Yu , Wang Yanru , Shi Songlin , Li Jingji
Published: March 2023

With economic and social globalization, invasive alien species have significantly threatened local ecological security. Identifying the invasive mechanisms of invasive alien species can aid in preventing species invasions and protecting local ecological and economic security. As a globally invasive plant,Ageratina adenophora(Asteraceae) has spread to many parts of the world and had a seriously impacted the ecology and economy of its invaded areas. Using observational data and Landsat OLI images in an arid valley region in southwest China, this study examined how climate, human activity and environmental factors influence the invasion ofA. adenophoraand its underlying mechanism. Our results showed that the invasion abundance ofA. adenophorawas significantly affected by environmental factors (the relative importance was 87.2%), but was less influenced by human activity and climate factors (the relative importance was 2% and 10.8%, respectively). TheA. adenophoraabundance significantly decreased with aspect, community canopy density, shrub layer coverage, herb layer coverage, Simpson diversity index of shrub and herb layers, the shortest distance to residential areas and temperature seasonality, whereas it increased with soil moisture, temperature annual range, precipitation of wettest month and precipitation of driest month. We conclude that biotic competition is the most influential factor in the invasion of this plant in the arid valley regions. Our results are of great significance for invasion prevention and forest conservation and management in southwest China. Our work emphasized that optimizing the community structure, such as by increasing canopy and shrub coverage and species biodiversity, may help control and mitigate theA. adenophorainvasion in southwest China.
Biogas Production from Co-digestion of Cattle Manure, Oryza sativa and Phaseolus vulgaris in Plug Flow Digester
Authors: Amah V. E. , Udeh N. , Ejuvwevwo E. T.
Published: March 2023

The possibility for producing biogas from the simultaneous co-digestion of phaseolus vulgaris, oryza sativa, and cattle dung in a plug flow digester was examined. Oryza sativa and phaseolus vulgaris are very common food waste found in Nigeria. The market-purchased food waste was ground in a kitchen processor to a thickness of less than 2 mm. Three digesters with effective capacities of 0.0083 m3 were created. The digesters were fed with food waste and cattle dung which served as the inoculum at different feeding rates of 0.05 kg every three days, 0.1 kg every three days, and 0.3 kg every three days. During the trial period, chemical oxygen demand (COD), total solids (TS), and volatile solids (VS) were measured to ascertain the system's effectiveness. The parameter utilized to gauge the process stability was pH. When feeding at a rate of 0.1 kg every three days, digester 2 produced the most gas. The least amount of biogas was generated by digester 3 at a feed rate of 0.3 kg every three days. After 19 days, the effluent for digesters 1, 2, and 3 had COD values of 810.49 mg/l, 940.17 mg/l, and 987.68 mg/l, respectively. After 20 days, the effluent from digesters 1, 2, and 3 had amounts of TS and VS that were, respectively, 1.82%, 6.24%, 10.76%, and 10.70%, 6.24%, 42.81%. The measured pH range was 7.98 to 8.86, and there was no discernible difference across the three digesters (p>0.05). The ideal feed rate for the digestion of waste and biogas production was determined to be 0.1 kg every three days.
Teaching Digital Circuit Class and Cultivating Students' Innovation Ability Based on Curriculum Thinking
Authors: Zhu Hongli
Published: March 2023

Digital circuit is an important course in the major of electronic information. In the teaching of the digital circuit course, in addition to imparting basic knowledge and skills, it should also focus on the construction of ideology and politics to promote the overall development of students. This paper discusses the following aspects based on the construction of the digital circuit course Civics in colleges and universities: first, the digital circuit course should focus on the ideological and political education of students.

Second, the teaching content of the digital circuit course should keep pace with the times, follow the pace of industry development, focus on practice and application, so that students can master the latest technology and tools, with the ability to solve practical problems and practical experience. Finally, the digital circuit course should focus on the cultivation of students' innovation ability, encourage students to actively participate in research projects and practical activities, and provide opportunities and platforms to help students give full play to their strengths and realize the unity of personal and social values.
Effect of Vermicompost and Organic Formulations on Growth and Yield of Soybean Grown on Vertisol
Authors: Lokhande P. B. , Dhamak A. L. , Patil N. M. , Ingole A. J. , Satwadhar P. P.
Published: March 2023

Soybean called as golden beans belongs to leguminosae family. It is native of East Asia. It is rich source of protein and also an excellent source of fiber. Balanced fertilization is necessary to increase the productivity of pulses. Organic manures and formulations favor plant growth and regulation and adaptability to the surrounding environments in terms of improvement in yields and quality parameters in addition to enhanced tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Unlike, chemical fertilizer, these organic products are biodegradable, non-toxic, non-polluting and non-hazardous to humans, animal and birds. Thus, integrations of organic manure and formulations with chemical fertilizer seems to be an alternative supply for plant nutrition. Keeping the above points in view the present experiment were conducted during kharif-2020 and kharif-2021 at Research Farm, Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture, VNMKV Parbhani, to study the effect of vermicompost and organic formulations on growth and yield of soybean grown on Vertisol. The experiment was laid in factorial randomized block design with twelve treatments and three replications. Experimental treatments consist of two factors in which one factor consist of vermicompost consist of three levels C1-RDF, C2- Vermicompost eq. to RDN, C3- Vermicompost eq. to RDN + RD of vermicompost @ 5 t ha-1, another factor organic formulations consist of four levels OF0- control, OF1- Panchagavya, OF2- Beejamruth + Jeevamruth, OF3-Beejamruth + Jeevamruth + Panchagavya. The growth parameters like leaf area, no. of pods and chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll showed significant increased with the application of RDF as compared to other treatments. Among organic formulations treatments highest value recorded in combined application of Beejamruth + Jeevamruth + Pancahgavya (OF3) as compared to alone application. The significant increase in seed and straw yield was recorded in treatment receiving in treatment combination of RDF (C1) along with combined application of Beejamruth + Jeevamruth + Panchagavya (OF3). The result of the experiment revealed that application of RDF along with combined application of Beejamruth + Jeevamruth + Panchagavya was found beneficial for increase in growth and yield of soybean in Vertisol.
Pulmonary Function Test of Fish Mongers in Port Harcourt Metropolis
Authors: Abiye Tamuno-Opubo, , Oluchi Stanley, Rosemary , Iyingiala Austin-Asomeji, , Adetomi Bademosi , George Abiye , Chibuike Obiandu , Crowther Idonibo, Iminabo
Published: March 2023

Aim: This study investigated the pulmonary function test of fish mongers in Port Harcourt metropolis.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study

Place and Time of Study: Port Harcourt, Rivers state, Nigeria. January 2021 – July 2021.

Method: A comparative assessment of 100 subjects were carried out in the course of this study with 50 been the fish mongers and the other 50 non fish mongers. The Forced expiratory volume (FEV), the force vital capacity (FVC), the FEV1/ FVC Ratio among fish mongers and non-fish mongers were determined.

Results: The mean ages of both categories of the subjects indicated 39 years for fishmongers and 20.89 for non-fishmongers. This study found out that there were elevated levels of systolic and diastolic blood pressures in the fishmonger subjects compared to their non-fishmonger. The FVC, FEV1 and FEV6 mean values were found to be non-significantly reduced in the fishmonger group compared to their counterparts.

Conclusion: These findings suggest that it is important that fishmongers and their likes be more conscious to their predisposition to the risk of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. As occupation predisposes them to negative impact on their lung health, and, subsequently, on cardiovascular health following constant exposure to smoke and physical inactivity.
Multi‐Scale Modeling of Tunneling in Nanoscale Atomically Precise Si:P Tunnel Junctions
Authors: Donnelly Matthew B. , Munia Mushita M. , Keizer Joris G. , Chung Yousun , Huq A. M. Saffat‐Ee , Osika Edyta N. , Hsueh Yu‐Ling , Rahman Rajib , Simmons Michelle Y.
Published: March 2023

Controlling electron tunneling is of fundamental importance in the design and operation of semiconductor nanostructures such as field effect transistors (FETs) and quantum computing device architectures. The exponential sensitivity of tunneling with distance requires precise fabrication techniques to engineer the desired device dimensions to achieve the appropriate tunneling resistances/tunnel rates. This is particularly important for high fidelity spin readout and qubit exchange in quantum computing architectures. Here, it is shown by combining precision fabrication techniques with accurate atomistic modeling, predictive device design criteria are achieved at atomic length scales. Such a tool is useful when devices become more complex or have arbitrary shapes/geometries. In particular, in this study, atomic precision patterning of monolayer degenerately phosphorus‐doped silicon tunnel junctions patterned by scanning tunnelling microscopy lithography and tight‐binding non‐equilibrium Green's function (TB‐NEGF) modeling is combined to describe the dependence of tunnel junction resistance RT on junction length. An agreement with experiment to within a factor of 2 over 4 orders of magnitude in RT is found, and this model allows to accurately determine the barrier height V0 = 57.5 ± 1 meV and lateral seam sxy = 0.39 ± 0.01 nm in these nanoscale junctions. This study confirms the use of the TB‐NEGF formalism to accurately model highly doped atomically precise tunnel junctions in silicon. Further applications of this model will enable improved device performance at the nanoscale.
Layered Double Hydroxide with Interlayer Quantum Dots and Laminate Defects for High‐Performance Supercapacitor
Authors: Yang Qingjun , Li Zihua , Xu Bingang
Published: March 2023

Owing to the flexible adjustability of laminates, layered double hydroxides (LDHs) can achieve enhanced conductivity and capacitance. However, the regulation of interlayer activity is a great challenge because of the unconquerable charge repulsion between laminates. Herein, a dual‐activity design of LDHs is uniquely realized, including laminate defects and interlayer ZnS quantum dots (QDs). Via pre‐embedding Zn2+ and controllable vulcanization, ZnS‐QDs interpenetrate between CuCo‐LDH layers, exposing abundant active sites and widening the layer spacing. Meanwhile, sulfur replaces part of the oxygen on the laminates to form rich oxygen vacancies (CuCo‐LDH‐S), which does not damage the layered spatial structure and ensures the fast ions/electron transport. Theoretical calculations indicate that the new active centers exhibit higher charge density as compared to CuCo‐LDH. Moreover, the copper foam directly provides copper source to ensure that CuCo‐LDH‐S/ZnS‐QDs present a 3D self‐supporting structure with ultrastability. Hence, it delivers an ultrahigh capacitance of 7.82 F cm−2 at 2 mA cm−2 and 4.43 F cm−2 at 20 mA cm−2. The hybrid supercapacitors display an outstanding energy density of 299 µWh cm−2 at power density of 1600 µW cm−2, with outstanding capacitance retention of 102.3% and coulomb efficiency of 96.2% after 10 000 cycles.
A Strategy of Fenton Reaction Cycloacceleration for High‐Performance Ferroptosis Therapy Initiated by Tumor Microenvironment Remodeling
Authors: Huang Lin , Feng Jie , Zhu Jiaoyang , Yang Jing , Xiong Wei , Lu Xuanyi , Chen Sijin , Yang Sugeun , Li Yan , Xu Yikai , Shen Zheyu
Published: March 2023

The emerging tumor ferroptosis therapy confronts impediments of the tumor microenvironment (TME) with weak intrinsic acidity, inadequate endogenous H2O2, and a powerful intracellular redox balance system that eliminates toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS). Herein, a strategy of Fenton reaction cycloacceleration initiated by remodeling the TME for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)‐guided high‐performance ferroptosis therapy of tumors is proposed. The synthesized nanocomplex exhibits enhanced accumulation at carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX)‐positive tumors based on the CAIX‐mediated active targeting, and increased acidification via the inhibition of CAIX by 4‐(2‐aminoethyl) benzene sulfonamide (ABS) (remodeling TME). This accumulated H+ and abundant glutathione in TME synergistically trigger biodegradation of the nanocomplex to release the loaded cuprous oxide nanodots (CON), β‐lapachon (LAP), Fe3+, and gallic acid‐ferric ions coordination networks (GF). The Fenton and Fenton‐like reactions are cycloaccelerated via the catalytic loop of Fe‐Cu, and the LAP‐triggered and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate quinone oxidoreductase1‐mediated redox cycle, generating robust ROS and plenitudinous lipid peroxides accumulation for ferroptosis of tumor cells. The detached GF network has improved relaxivities in response to the TME. Therefore, the strategy of Fenton reaction cycloacceleration initiated by remodeling the TME is promising for MRI‐guided high‐performance ferroptosis therapy of tumors.
Environmentally Adaptable Organo–Ionic Gel‐Based Electrodes for Real‐Time On‐Skin Electrocardiography Monitoring
Authors: Tang Shuaimin , Sha Dongyong , He Zirui , Chen Xi , Ma Yifan , Liu Changsheng , Yuan Yuan
Published: March 2023

On‐skin personal electrocardiography (ECG) devices, which can monitor real‐time cardiac autonomic changes, have been widely applied to predict cardiac diseases and save lives. However, current interface electrodes fail to be unconditionally and universally applicable, often losing their efficiency and functionality under harsh atmospheric conditions (e.g., underwater, abnormal temperature, and humidity). Herein, an environmentally adaptable organo–ionic gel‐based electrode (OIGE) is developed with a facile one‐pot synthesis of highly conductive choline‐based ionic liquid ([DMAEA‐Q] [TFSI], I.L.) and monomers (2,2,2‐trifluoroethyl acrylate (TFEA) and N‐hydroxyethyl acrylamide (HEAA). In virtue of inherent conductivity, self‐responsive hydrophobic barriers, dual‐solvent effect, and multiple interfacial interactions, this OIGE features distinct sweat and water‐resistance, anti‐freezing and anti‐dehydration properties with strong adhesiveness and electrical stability under all kinds of circumstances. In contrast to the dysfunction of commercial gel electrodes (CGEs), this OIGE with stronger adhesion as well as skin tolerability can realize a real‐time and accurate collection of ECG signals under multiple extreme conditions, including aquatic environments (sweat and underwater), cryogenic (<−20°C) and arid (dehydration) environments. Therefore, the OIGE shows great prospects in diagnosing cardiovascular diseases and paves new horizons for multi‐harsh environmental personalized healthcare.
Maximum Emission Peak Over 1500 nm of Organic Assembly for Blood–Brain Barrier‐Crossing NIR‐IIb Phototheranostics of Orthotopic Glioblastoma
Authors: Zhao Feng , Zhang Xinming , Bai Fang , Lei Shan , He Gang , Huang Peng , Lin Jing
Published: March 2023

The development of blood–brain barrier (BBB)‐crossing phototheranostic agents in second near‐infrared window (NIR‐II), especially in the range of 1500–1700 nm (NIR‐IIb), affords great opportunities for glioblastoma (GBM) management. Herein, an organic assembly (denoted as LET‐12) with the maximum absorption peak at 1400 nm and emission peak at 1512 nm with trailing over 1700 nm through the self‐assembly of organic small molecule IR‐1064 is designed and subsequently decorated with choline and acetylcholine analogs. The LET‐12 can effectively cross BBB through the brain's choline‐like receptors‐mediated transcytosis and accumulated in tumor tissues, thus achieving fluorescence/photoacoustic (FL/PA) duplex imaging of orthotopic GBM with ≈3.0 mm depth and a superior tumor‐to‐normal tissue signal ratio (20.93 ± 0.59 for FL imaging and 32.63 ± 1.16 for PA imaging, respectively). Owing to its good photothermal conversion ability, the LET‐12 also can serve as a photothermal conversion agent, achieving obvious tumor repression of orthotopic murine GBM model after once treatment. The findings indicate that the LET‐12 holds great potential for BBB‐crossing NIR‐IIb phototheranostics of orthotopic GBM. This self‐assembly strategy of organic small molecules opens a new avenue for the construction of NIR‐IIb phototheranostics.
Supramolecular Azopolymers for Dynamic Surface Microstructures Using Digital Polarization Optics
Authors: Strobelt Jonas , Van Soelen Matthew , Abourahma Heba , McGee David J.
Published: March 2023

Thin film supramolecular azopolymers support the all‐optical generation of dynamic surface microstructures. Using a spatial light modulator (SLM) illuminated at 488 nm, structured polarized light drives surface waves of sinusoidal profile with periods 700 nm–5 µm at speeds up to 1 µm s−1. Multiple regions on the film surface within the SLM focal plane can be independently set into motion, each with unique period, speed, amplitude, and propagation direction. The underlying mechanism is the photomechanical response of the azopolymer, which is more commonly exploited for the fabrication of static surface microstructures. Hydrogen‐bonded systems such as the supramolecular system described here are particularly advantageous due to their facile fabrication from commercially available components. In addition to applications in dynamic diffractive optics, this programmable system for optical surface waves is well‐suited for studies in nanoparticle manipulation, as well as in bioengineering as a reconfigurable surface template for directed cell growth.
Multifunctional Electronic Textiles by Direct 3D Printing of Stretchable Conductive Fibers
Authors: Wang Yuntian , Wang Zhixun , Wang Zhe , Xiong Ting , Shum Perry Ping , Wei Lei
Published: March 2023

The integration of functional fibers into wearable devices by traditional methods is commonly completed in weaving. A new post‐weaving method of integrating fiber devices into textiles is needed to address the challenge of incorporating functional fiber into ready‐made garments without tearing down the clothing and re‐weaving. A 3D printing method to simultaneously fabricate and integrate highly stretchable conductive fiber into ready‐made garments with designed patterns is presented. The fabricated sheath–core fiber consists of a styrene–ethylene–butylene–styrene (SEBS) shell and a Ga–In–Sn alloy liquid metal core. The SEBS shell guarantees the high stretchability (up to 600%) and flexibility, while the liquid metal core offers a high conductivity maintained at large deformation. It is shown that sophisticated patterns, which have millimeter‐level‐resolution that are difficult to be integrated into textiles by weaving, and even more laborious to be incorporated into ready‐made garments, can now be easily modified and implemented into both textiles and ready‐made garments by a time‐saving and low‐cost 3D printing method. Utilizing the electrical characteristics of the fiber in pre‐designed patterns, on‐clothing soft electronics can be printed directly. A printed on‐clothing strain sensor, bending sensor, wireless charging coil, and a touch‐sensing network are demonstrated to show the potential applications in wearable electronics.
Organic‐Additive‐Derived Cathode Electrolyte Interphase Layer Mitigating Intertwined Chemical and Mechanical Degradation for Sulfide‐Based Solid‐State Batteries
Authors: Park Chanhyun , Lee Juho , Lee Sangpyo , Han Yu Jin , Kim Jinsoo , Jung Sung‐Kyun
Published: March 2023

Keeping both the chemical and physical state of the electrode–electrolyte interface intact is one of the greatest challenges in achieving solid‐state batteries (SSBs) with longer cycle lives. Herein, the use of organic electrolyte additives in the cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) layer to mitigate the intertwined chemical and mechanical degradation in sulfide‐based SSBs is demonstrated. Lithium difluorobis(oxalato)phosphate (LiDFBOP) and argyrodite (Li6PS5Cl) are used as a model system, with the LiDFBOP‐derived CEI layer induced by irreversible oxidation above 4.12 V (vs Li+/Li) during the formation cycle exhibiting dual functions. This CEI layer retards the rate of chemical degradation between the cathode active particles and solid electrolytes at high charging potential and helps maintain intimate physical contact even at a low stack pressure of 0.75 MPa. The improved physical contact enables delivery of a high initial capacity, while chemical stability suppressing the sulfite or sulfate formation has a more dominant effect on the long‐term cycle stability. This study presents a new perspective and strategies for designing cathode coating materials for sulfide‐based SSBs beyond the typically used inorganic oxide materials.
Longitudinal effect of disease‐modifying therapy on left ventricular diastolic function in children with sickle cell anemia
Authors: Rai Parul , Okhomina Victoria I. , Kang Guolian , Martinez Hugo R. , Hankins Jane S. , Joshi Vijaya
Published: March 2023

Cardiac abnormalities seen in sickle cell anemia (SCA) include diastolic dysfunction, which has been shown to be associated with high morbidity and early mortality. The effect of disease‐modifying therapies (DMT) on diastolic dysfunction is poorly understood. We prospectively evaluated the effects of hydroxyurea and monthly erythrocyte transfusions on diastolic function parameters over 2 years. A total of 204 subjects with HbSS or HbSβ0‐thalassemia (mean age 11 ± 3.7 years), unselected for disease severity, had diastolic function assessed with surveillance echocardiograms twice, 2 years apart. During this 2‐year observation period, 112 participants received DMTs (hydroxyurea,n = 72, monthly erythrocyte transfusions,n = 40), 34 initiated hydroxyurea, and 58 did not receive any DMT. The entire cohort showed an increase in left atrial volume index (LAVi) of 3.40 ± 10.86 mL/m2,p = .001 over 2 years. This increase in LAVi was independently associated with anemia, high baseline E/e′ or LV dilation. Individuals not exposed to DMT were younger (mean age 8.8 ± 2.9 years), but at baseline their prevalence of abnormal diastolic parameters was similar to that of the DMT‐exposed participants who were older (mean age 12 ± 3.8 years). Participants on DMTs saw no improvement in diastolic function over the study period. In fact, participants on hydroxyurea saw a possible worsening in diastolic parameters (14% increase in LAVi and ~5% decrease in septal e′) but also a ~9% decrease in fetal hemoglobin (HbF) levels. Further studies are needed to evaluate if exposure to DMT for a longer duration or achieving higher HbF might be beneficial in alleviating diastolic dysfunction.