bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Risk of adverse events from different drugs for SLE: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Tian Jingru , Luo Yien , Wu Haijing , Long Hai , Zhao Ming , Lu Qianjin
Published: March 2023

Objective

The comparative safety of immunosuppressive drugs, biologicals and glucocorticoids (GC) for patients with SLE remains controversial. We aimed to investigate the specific side effects of the available SLE drugs in this population of patients.

Methods

Electronic databases were systematically searched through September 2017 for randomised trials in patients with SLE. The primary outcomes were all-cause mortality and withdrawal related to adverse events (AEs). We performed a random-effects network meta-analysis to obtain estimates for primary and secondary outcomes and presented these estimates as ORs with 95% CIs.

Results

Forty-four studies comprising 9898 participants were included in the network meta-analysis. No drug regimen was considered to be safer for reducing all-cause mortality. However, compared with cyclophosphamide, azathioprine (OR 3.04, 95% CI (1.44 to 6.42)) and cyclosporine (OR 3.28, 95% CI (1.04 to 10.35)) were significantly less safety in AE-related withdrawals, and GC was ranked lowest and led to higher withdrawal rates. Tacrolimus (TAC) was ranked high and showed a benefit in many outcomes. Biologicals and chloroquine also showed good safety in all of the available outcomes, while the beneficial effects of other immunosuppressive drugs were not substantial in different types of serious adverse events.

Conclusions

TAC is the safest strategy for patients with SLE. Biologicals and chloroquine are also fairly safe for patients with SLE. The use of other immunosuppressive drugs and GC needs to be balanced against the potential harms of different types of AEs, and the practical safety of drug combinations still requires further trials to evaluate.
Patients’ characteristics and mortality in urgent/emergent/salvage transcatheter aortic valve replacement: insight from the OCEAN-TAVI registry
Authors: Enta Yusuke , Miyasaka Masaki , Taguri Masataka , Tada Norio , Hata Masaki , Watanabe Yusuke , Naganuma Toru , Yamawaki Masahiro , Yamanaka Futoshi , Shirai Shinichi , Ueno Hiroshi , Mizutani Kazuki , Tabata Minoru , Takagi Kensuke , Yamamoto Masanori , Hayashida Kentaro
Published: March 2023

Objectives

Patients’ backgrounds and clinical outcomes in urgent/emergent/salvage transcatheter aortic valve replacement (Em-TAVR) remain unclear. We investigated patient characteristics and the mortality in Em-TAVR and the predictors for the need for Em-TAVR.

Methods

We consecutively enrolled 1613 patients undergoing TAVR for severe aortic stenosis between October 2013 and July 2016 from the Optimised transCathEter vAlvular interventioN (OCEAN)-transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) registry. The urgency was based on the European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation II. Urgent, emergent or salvage were included with the Em-TAVR group and elective with the El-TAVR group.

Results

Em-TAVR was observed in 87 (5.4%) patients. A higher Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS), peripheral artery disease (PAD), hypoalbuminaemia, reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and preoperative at least moderate mitral regurgitation (MR) predicted the need for the Em-TAVR by the multivariate logistic regression analysis. The Em-TAVR group had the higher Society of Thoracic Surgeons Score (13.7 (IQR 8.2–21.0) vs 6.5 (IQR 4.6–9.2); p<0.001) and higher 30-day mortality (9.2% vs 1.3%; p<0.001) than the El-TAVR group. Accordingly, Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the cumulative mortality was higher in the Em-TAVR group than that in the El-TAVR group (log-rank; p<0.001). However, Em-TAVR did not predict mortality in the multivariate Cox regression analysis.

Conclusions

Em-TAVR was performed in 5.4% of patients. Higher CFS, PAD, hypoalbuminaemia, reduced LVEF and preprocedural MR predicted the need for Em-TAVR. Em-TAVR was not a predictor for mortality in the multivariate analysis, suggesting that it is a reasonable treatment option.
Diastolic index as a short-term prognostic factor in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Hoshida Shiro , Hikoso Shungo , Shinoda Yukinori , Tachibana Koichi , Minamisaka Tomoko , Tamaki Shunsuke , Yano Masamichi , Hayashi Takaharu , Nakagawa Akito , Nakagawa Yusuke , Yamada Takahisa , Yasumura Yoshio , Nakatani Daisaku , Sakata Yasushi
Published: March 2023

Objective

During follow-up time, the value of prognostic factors may change, especially in the elderly patients, and the altered extent may affect the prognosis. We aimed to clarify the significance of the ratio of diastolic elastance (Ed) to arterial elastance (Ea), (Ed/Ea=(E/e’)/(0.9×systolic blood pressure)), an afterload-integrated diastolic index, in relation to follow-up periods and other laboratory factors, on the prognosis of elderly patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).

Methods

We studied 552 HFpEF patients hospitalised for acute decompensated heart failure (men/women: 255/297). Blood testing and transthoracic echocardiography were performed before discharge. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality.

Results

During a median follow-up of 508 days, 88 patients (men/women: 39/49) had all-cause mortality. During the first year after discharge, Ed/Ea (p=0.045) was an independent prognostic factor in association with albumin (p<0.001) and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP, p=0.005) levels after adjusting for age and sex in the multivariate Cox hazard analysis. However, at 1 to 3 years after discharge, no other significant prognostic factors, except for albumin level (p=0.046), were detected. In the subgroup analysis, albumin, but not NT-proBNP level, showed a significant interaction with Ed/Ea for prognosis (p=0.047).

Conclusion

The prognostic significance of a haemodynamic parameter such as Ed/Ea may be valid only during a short-term period, but that of albumin was persisting during the entire follow-up period in the elderly patients. The clinical significance of prognostic factors in HFpEF patients may differ according to the follow-up period.
Role of peripheral sensory neuron mu-opioid receptors in nociceptive, inflammatory, and neuropathic pain
Authors: Barpujari Awinita , Ford Neil , He Shao-Qiu , Huang Qian , Gaveriaux-Ruff Claire , Dong Xinzhong , Guan Yun , Raja Srinivasa
Published: March 2023

Background and objective

The role of peripheral mu-opioid receptors (MOPs) in chronic pain conditions is not well understood. Here, we used a combination of mouse genetics, behavioral assays, and pharmacologic interventions to investigate the contribution of primary afferent MOPs to nociceptive, inflammatory, and neuropathic pain, as well as to opioid analgesia.

Methods

We generated conditional knockout mice in which MOPs were selectively deleted in primary sensory neurons. Inflammatory and neuropathic pain states were induced in mutant and control wild-type mice and their behavioral responses to noxious stimuli were compared. Gross motor function was also evaluated. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess MOP expression in the dorsal root ganglia, periaqueductal gray, and small intestine. The effects of MOP agonists DALDA (dermorphin [D-Arg2, Lys4] (1–4) amide) and morphine were evaluated in pain behavior assays, and their effects on neuronal physiology in the dorsal root ganglia were evaluated in whole-cell patch-clamp recordings.

Results

Conditional MOP knockouts and control mice exhibited similar behavioral responses to acute nociceptive stimuli and developed similar inflammation-induced hypersensitivity. Unilateral nerve injury in animals lacking peripheral MOPs induced enhanced, bilateral mechanical allodynia. Subcutaneously administered DALDA was unable to decrease the hypersensitivity induced by inflammation and nerve injury in MOP knockout animals, and morphine’s antinociceptive effects were significantly attenuated in the absence of peripheral MOPs.

Conclusion

MOPs in primary sensory neurons contribute to the modulation of neuropathic pain behavior and opioid analgesia. Our observations highlight the clinical potential of peripherally acting opioid agonists in the management of inflammatory and neuropathic pain.
Mortality, hospital admission, and healthcare cost due to injury from venomous and non-venomous animal encounters in the USA: 5-year analysis of the National Emergency Department Sample
Authors: Forrester Joseph D , Forrester Jared A , Tennakoon Lakshika , Staudenmayer Kristan
Published: March 2023

Background

Injuries due to encounters with animals can be serious, but are often discussed anecdotally or only for isolated types of encounters. We sought to characterize animal-related injuries presenting to US emergency departments (ED) to determine the impact of these types of injuries.

Methods

All ED encounters with diagnosis codes corresponding to animal-related injury were identified using ICD-9-CM codes from the 2010 2014 National Emergency Department Sample (NEDS). Outcomes assessed included inpatient admission, mortality, and healthcare cost. Survey methodology was applied to univariate and multivariate analyses. Weighted numbers are presented.

Results

There were 6 457 534 ED visits resulting from animal-related injuries identified. Bites from non-venomous arthropods (n=2 648 880; 41%), dog bites (n=1 658 295; 26%) and envenomation from hornets, wasps or bees (n=812 357; 13%) constitute the majority of encounters. There were 210 516 patients (3%) admitted as inpatients. Inpatient admission was most common for those suffering from venomous snakes or lizard bites (24%, n=10 332). Death was infrequent occurring in 1162 patients (0.02% of all ED presentations). The greatest number of deaths was due to bites from non-venomous arthropods (24% of deaths, n=278) whereas rat bites proved the most lethal (6.5 deaths per 10 000 bites). Among persons aged 85 years or greater, odds of hospital admission for any animal-related injury was 6.42 (95% CI 5.57 to 7.40) and the OR for death was 27.71 (95% CI 10.38 to 73.99). Female sex was associated with improved survival (OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.41 to 0.73) and lower rates of hospital admission (OR 0.77, 95% CI 0.75 to 0.79). The total healthcare cost for these animal encounters during the observed time period was $5.96 billion (95% CI $5.43 to $6.50 billion).

Conclusion

The morbidity, mortality, and healthcare cost due to animal encounters in the USA is considerable. Often overlooked, this particular mechanism of injury warrants further public health prevention efforts.

Level of Evidence

Level IV.
Miami-Dade County Juvenile Weapons Offenders Program (JWOP): a potential model to reduce firearm crime recidivism nationwide
Authors: Soe-Lin Hahn , Sarver Anjali , Kaufman Joyce , Sutherland Marilyn , Ginzburg Enrique
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Youth firearm violence has been a growing problem in the USA. Several programs across the country aimed at reducing recurrent gun violence in this vulnerable population have published recidivism rates of 40% to 50%. For the past 18 years, the Juvenile Weapons Offenders Program (JWOP) in Miami-Dade County has provided a unique multidisciplinary intervention encompassing 100 hours of violence education, behavioral modification, and social mentoring. The present study defines its outcomes as a national model for youth firearm recidivism prevention.

Methods

Retrospective analysis of Florida Juvenile Justice Department records from 2008 to 2016 defined a group of youths convicted of firearm-related crimes and subsequently enrolled in the program. Cohorts were those who demonstrated successful completion of the JWOP program versus those who partially completed the program. At 6 and 12 months after release, records were cross-referenced with Florida Department of Justice criminal record system to prospectively capture rates of new all-comer and firearm-specific criminal charges.

Results

215 youth were included in the prospectively followed cohort at 6 months and 163 youth followed at 12 months after release. The 6-month recidivism rate for any criminal charge was 20.1% for program completers versus 32.9% for those who did not complete the program (p=0.047). When excluding unarmed criminal offenses, the recidivism rate dropped to 10.1% versus 22.4%, respectively (p=0.008). At 12 months, all-comers recidivism was 33.6% for the GATE program completion cohort versus 50% for the incomplete cohort (p=0.045). When excluding unarmed offenses, the recidivism rates were 18.6% versus 33.9%, respectively (p=0.035).

Conclusion

The JWOP program has one of the lowest recidivism rates for reoffense for firearm and non-firearm-related offenses. Further investigation into details of the program’s efficacy and its applicability for expansion to other state and national jurisdictions should serve a model for decreasing youth gun violence across the country.
Statistical (n,$$\gamma $$) cross section model comparison for short-lived nuclei
Authors: Lewis R. , Couture A. , Liddick S. N. , Spyrou A. , Bleuel D. L. , Campo L. Crespo , Crider B. P. , Dombos A. C. , Guttormsen M. , Kawano T. , Larsen A. C. , Lewis A. M. , Mosby S. , Perdikakis G. , Prokop C. J. , Quinn S. J. , Renstrøm T. , Siem S.
Published: March 2023

Neutron-capture cross sections of neutron-rich nuclei are calculated using a Hauser–Feshbach model when direct experimental cross sections cannot be obtained. A number of codes to perform these calculations exist, and each makes different assumptions about the underlying nuclear physics. We investigated the systematic uncertainty associated with the choice of Hauser-Feshbach code used to calculate the neutron-capture cross section of a short-lived nucleus. The neutron-capture cross section for $$^{73}\hbox {Zn}$$

73

Zn

(n,$$\gamma $$
γ
)$$^{74}\hbox {Zn}$$

74

Zn

was calculated using three Hauser-Feshbach statistical model codes: TALYS, CoH, and EMPIRE. The calculation was first performed without any changes to the default settings in each code. Then an experimentally obtained nuclear level density (NLD) and $$\gamma $$
γ
-ray strength function ($$\gamma \hbox {SF}$$

γ
SF

) were included. Finally, the nuclear structure information was made consistent across the codes. The neutron-capture cross sections obtained from the three codes are in good agreement after including the experimentally obtained NLD and $$\gamma \hbox {SF}$$

γ
SF

, accounting for differences in the underlying nuclear reaction models, and enforcing consistent approximations for unknown nuclear data. It is possible to use consistent inputs and nuclear physics to reduce the differences in the calculated neutron-capture cross section from different Hauser-Feshbach codes. However, ensuring the treatment of the input of experimental data and other nuclear physics are similar across multiple codes requires a careful investigation. For this reason, more complete documentation of the inputs and physics chosen is important.
Chebyshev-$$\tau$$ method for certain generalized eigenvalue problems occurring in hydrodynamics: a concise survey
Authors: Arnone Giuseppe , Gianfrani Jacopo A. , Massa Giuliana
Published: March 2023

The aim of this survey is to give a concise but technical and, as much as possible, comprehensive introduction to the resolution of certain eigenvalue problems occurring in the research field of hydrodynamics via theChebyshev-$$\tau$$τmethod. While many details on the construction of mathematical models (for which we will refer to notable and well-known references as reported by Chandrasekhar (Hydrodynamic and hydromagnetic stability, Dover, London, 1981); Straughan (The energy method, stability, and nonlinear convection, Springer, New York, 2004); Nield and Bejan (Convection in porous media, Springer, New York, 2017)) will not be given, much attention will be paid to the practical and theoretical aspects of the discretization of the continuum problem.Chebyshevpolynomials will be employed to expand solutions of the differential eigenvalue problem and end up with a discrete eigenvalue problem. Finally,MATLABcodes for the considered problems are shown in detail and available onGitHub.
Spectroscopic properties of stars in young binaries: fundamental data for understanding binary formation and disk evolution
Authors: Prato Lisa
Published: March 2023

This contribution combines a relatively comprehensive review of the spectroscopic study of the individual component stars and their associated disks in young binary systems, outlines the need for more in-depth studies, and previews the results of a high-spectral and high-angular resolution survey of $$\sim$$
∼
100 young binaries located primarily in the Taurus and Ophiuchus star forming regions. Observed spectra, synthetic spectral analysis, and preliminary outcomes for 3 systems are presented, illustrating the power and potential of adaptive optics-fed, high-resolution, infrared spectroscopy for our understanding of the dynamical and physical properties of young binary stars and their circumstellar disks and environments, especially when combined with ancillary data from ALMA, K2, TESS, and other facilities. This new survey will deepen our understanding of disk evolution and planet formation in close binaries and, more broadly, will provide clues to disk dissipation processes in both singles and binaries.
Polychromatic atom optics for atom interferometry
Authors: Lellouch Samuel , Ennis Oliver , Haditalab Ramiz , Langlois Mehdi , Holynski Michael
Published: March 2023

Coherent manipulation of atoms with atom-optic light pulses is central to atom interferometry. Achieving high pulse efficiency is essential for enhancing fringe contrast and sensitivity, in particular for large-momentum transfer interferometers which use an increased number of pulses. We perform an investigation of optimizing the frequency domain of pulses by using tailored polychromatic light fields, and demonstrate the possibility to deliver high-efficiency and resilient atom-optic pulses even in the situation of inhomogeneous atomic clouds and laser beams. We find that this approach is able to operate over long interrogation times despite spontaneous emission and to achieve experimentally relevant pulse efficiencies for clouds up to $100~\mu \text{K}$
100

μ
K
. This overcomes some of the most stringent barriers for large-momentum transfer and has the potential to reduce the complexity of atom interferometers. We show that polychromatic light pulses could enhance single-photon-based large-momentum transfer atom interferometry—achieving $850\,\hbar k$
850

ħ
k
of momentum splitting with experimentally accessible parameters, which represents a significant improvement over the state-of-the art. The benefits of the method extend beyond atom interferometry and could enable groundbreaking advances in quantum state manipulation.
Biology science learning continuum at the elementary school level based on teachers’ cognitive abilities
Authors: Mualimin Mualimin , Subali Bambang , Paidi Paidi
Published: March 2023

This research aims to develop a biology science learning continuum on the aspects of structure and function at the elementary school (ES) level based on the teachers’ cognitive abilities. This survey research used a reasoned multiple-choice test, having the material aspects of structure and function with the cognitive levels of C1-C2, was developed by listing the key sub-aspects, forum group discussion, item development, expert judgement, and item revision. The test was administered to 240 ES teachers in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia, and the results were analyzed through the Quest program. The results reveal that the learning continuum is developed based on the difficulty level of the questions in which item response theory (IRT) shows the respondents’ cognitive ability, the level of cognitive processes from the lower level to the higher ones, the complexity level from the simple to the most complex in each sub-aspect of the structure and function. The sub-aspects with higher cognitive ability scores, lower difficulty index, lower level of cognitive processing, and lower complexity are recommended to at the lower grades. Sub-aspects with lower cognitive ability value, higher difficulty index, higher level of cognitive processing, and higher complexity category are recommended to the higher grades.
Organizational climate and quality of work-life in the creativity of teachers
Authors: Ahmad Masduki , Suryadi Suryadi , Matin Matin , Sugiarto Sugiarto
Published: March 2023

This study analyzed the effect of organizational climate and quality of work-life on teachers’ creativity throughout state vocational high schools in Serang, Indonesia during the COVID-19 pandemic. This work involved 164 civil servant teachers in state vocational high schools in Serang, Indonesia as the sample. As the major analysis tool, we used a multiple linear regression model. The hypothesis test used the t-test and f-test. The study revealed that: i) Organizational climate positively and significantly influenced the civil servant teachers’ creativity amid the COVID-19 pandemic with a significance value of .000 (α<.005); ii) The quality of work-life also had a positive and significant effect on the teachers’ creativity during this difficult situation has significance value of .000 (α<.005); and iii) The quality of their work influenced both organizational climate and the creativity of state vocational high school teachers living in Serang, Indonesia, with a determination coefficient of .861 or 86.1% during the pandemic.
An investigation of item bias in the four-tier diagnostic test using Rasch model
Authors: Jumadi Jumadi , Sukarelawan Moh Irma , Kuswanto Heru
Published: March 2023

The existence of item bias in a set of measuring instruments can threaten the instrument’s validity. Based on the Rasch model, this study evaluated item bias in the four-tier heat and temperature diagnostic test (4T-HTDT). This study used a cross-sectional quantitative survey method. There were 241 students selected using a stratified random sampling technique. The 4T-HTDT instrument consisted of 20 items grouped into five concept groups. Students’ conceptual understanding was grouped into five categories, namely scientific knowledge (Rating=5), false positive (Rating=4), false negative (Rating=3), misconceptions (Rating=2), and lack of knowledge (Rating=1). The differential item functioning (DIF) score was used to evaluate item bias in the 4T-HTDT. Bias was reviewed based on the respondent’s gender, class, and school. The item has DIF if the probability value is <5%. The results showed that 35% (7 out of 20 items) spread over five groups of heat and temperature concepts were biased. However, excluding seven DIF items from the measurement set would not significantly affect the composition and distribution of items. Thus, the 13 items in the 4T-HTDT instrument are free from bias and can be used to evaluate the conceptual understanding of high school students.
Student activities in solving mathematics problems with a computational thinking using Scratch
Authors: Aminah Neneng , Sukestiyarno Yohanes Leonardus , Cahyono Adi Nur , Maat Siti Mistima
Published: March 2023

The progress of the times requires students to be able to think quickly. Student activities in learning are always associated with technology and students’ thinking activities and are expected to think computationally. Therefore, this study aimed to determine how learning with the concept of computational thinking (CT) using the Scratch program can improve students’ mathematical problem-solving abilities. An exploratory research design was conducted by involving 132 grade VIII students in Kuningan, Indonesia. Data analysis began with organization, data description, and statistical testing. The results showed that students performed the concepts of abstraction thinking, algorithmic thinking, decomposition, and evaluation in solving mathematical problems. There were differences in students’ problem-solving abilities before and after the intervention. Students’ activeness in solving problems using the CT concept through a calculator significantly affected 52.3% of the ability to solve mathematical problems.
Enhancing students’ achievement in biology using inquiry-based learning in Rwanda
Authors: Manishimwe Henriette , Shivoga William Aino , Nsengimana Venuste
Published: March 2023

Students in secondary schools in Rwanda manifest difficulties in learning science subjects including biology. Studies revealed that inadequate teaching methods dominated by teacher-centered traditional or conventional educational strategies are some of the factors that cause difficulties in learning, which in turn leads to poor achievements in biology. This study investigated the effect of inquiry-based learning (IBL) using 5Es instructional model (Engage, Explore, Explain, Elaborate and Evaluate) on secondary school students’ achievement in biology. There were 231 secondary school students from six schools in Rwanda constituted the sample. A quasi-experimental quantitative approach consisting of pre- and post-tests was used for data collection. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis. Results indicated that the mean of post test score of experimental group was higher than the mean of counterparts in control group. Further, t-test and ANCOVA were used for inferential statistics. Findings showed once again significant differences between experimental groups taught with IBL and control group taught with conventional teaching methods. There was no significant effect on gender while a significant difference based on school location was identified. The study recommends educational stakeholders to use the IBL designed by 5Es instructional model at school level to solve problems related to poor performance in biology.
Efficacy of the elementary, middle, and high school students’ persuasive speech: Evidence from South Korea
Authors: Kim Yune Jung , Heo Inhye
Published: March 2023

This paper aims to analyze the efficacy of elementary, middle, and high school students with respect to using persuasive speech and establish a direction for the development of relevant education. It examines the case of South Korea, where the government has presented the importance of persuasive speech education and implemented considerable measures since 2015. It utilizes the survey results on the perception around persuasive speech, based on the achievement standard set within the Korean language curriculum for elementary, middle, and high school students. The research offers several recommendations. First, it is necessary to specify educational content so that it applies differentially, according to the conditions of students. Second, educational content that addresses students’ attitudes, self-awareness, and participation in community issues must be reinforced. Third, educational content related to persuasion preparation, content organization methods, strategies, and meta-cognitive aspects must be presented sequentially in terms of beginning, development, and application, as suited to each level of education. Fourth, it is necessary to review the teaching-learning methods to increase the effectiveness of persuasive speech education. Fifth, it is necessary to especially consider the disadvantages of middle school students, who have huge gaps in efficacy with respect to their knowledge of persuasive speech.
Android-based augmented reality in science learning for junior high schools: Preliminary study
Authors: Rejekiningsih Triana , Maulana Iwan , Budiarto Mochamad Kamil , Qodr Taufiq Subhanul
Published: March 2023

Technology in education encourages more effective learning facilitation processes. The lack of variation and innovation in the use of technology used in the form of learning media as a means of supporting learning activities raises many new problems for educational institutions. This research aims to identify the need to create innovations in the implementation of science learning, whose research focus is to analyze the needs for developing smartphone-based innovative augmented reality (AR) learning media. This research is descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques are observation, interviews, and questionnaires. Teachers and students of junior high schools in Surakarta became the subject of this research. The results showed that students were less focused and unmotivated when participating in the learning process. In addition, the use of learning media is still conventional and not interactive, even though currently all students have smartphones. Based on field facts, the media used by teachers still tends to be conventional, and the majority of students have technological devices such as smartphones, there is great potential for developing innovative technology-based learning media. Smartphone ownership and the lack of interactive learning media are important foundations in innovating the development of smartphone-based augmented reality.
The role of instructional quality on online learning intentions of university students: The technology acceptance model of Zoom
Authors: Iriani Tuti , Nugraheni Prastiti Laras
Published: March 2023

E-learning technology has a vital role to play in supporting the realization of learning goals during the COVID-19 pandemic. One that is often used is video conferencing technology from Zoom. Many studies have discussed the important role of e-learning technology, but there are still limited studies that examine how the role of Zoom technology in increasing student engagement in online learning. Thus, this study focuses to reveal the impact of online instructional quality using Zoom video conferencing technology on increasing students’ online learning intentions. We use the technology acceptance model (TAM) approach to answer the objectives of this study. This study randomly involved 190 students at Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Indonesia through an online questionnaire. We used structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis to examine the effect on each variable. In addition, we also use a bootstrap confidence interval estimate to investigate the role of mediation. The study results reveal that students' online learning intentions are influenced by perceived usefulness and ease of using Zoom. Also, perceived usefulness and ease of use are proven to mediate the effect of instructional quality on students’ online learning intentions using Zoom video conferencing technology. The results of this study provide important implications for education practitioners to develop engaging online learning for students.
Higher vocational college students’ learning burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic: A case study in China
Authors: Tang Shenlong , Osman Siti Zuraidah Md
Published: March 2023

This study examines students’ levels of learning burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic. Learning burnout levels were also investigated about students’ gender, hometown, family member structure, and field of major. The study employs a random sampling survey method, with 1,098 students from a public higher vocational college in Shandong Province, China. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS 26. The results found that 71.5% of students are at a moderate burnout level, 27.0% are at a low level, and only 1.5% are at a high level, and there was no high level of learning burnout on a single item during the COVID-19 pandemic. The data showed that the levels of learning burnout of male students, students who live in town, non-only child students, and students majoring in science and engineering were higher than the other group of students. There was a statistically significant difference in the level of student learning burnout by gender, but not in the variables of hometown, family structure, or field of major. Although studies show that students’ learning burnout level is not affected by COVID-19, students generally have learning burnout. Therefore, three strategies were also put forward to reduce students' learning burnout from school.
A learning model promoting higher-order thinking skills and active citizenship with global mindedness
Authors: Doungwilai Dhanita , Kanjug Issara
Published: March 2023

The objectives of this research were to study the current situation of and the needs for teacher competency development in learning management, and to develop a learning management model. The sample was 95 teachers selected by simple random sampling. Research instruments were a questionnaire and a learning management model created through the process of drafting, evaluation and verification, and improvement. Statistics used for data analysis were mean, percentage, and standard deviation. The findings indicated teachers’ opinions towards the current situation of learning management that promotes critical thinking skills and active citizenship with global mindedness at a high level. The need for developing learning management competency were also at a highest level. Components of the learning management model include: i) Basic principles and concepts; ii) Learning objectives; iii) Learning process and learning assessment; and iv) Learning outcomes. The teacher development process includes: professional learning community (PLC), guidelines for learning management, design of learning management, measurement and evaluation, teaching practicum, supervision, reflection, and lesson learned. The model showed the suitability at a highest level.
Changes in preservice teacher dispositions during a teacher preparation program
Authors: LaPaglia Kyle , Wilkerson Judy R.
Published: March 2023

Although substantial attention is being paid nationally to the assessment of pre-service teacher dispositions, largely to meet accreditation requirements, little is known about the extent to which standards-based dispositions change during a preparation program. A systematic approach to tracking change, or the lack thereof, using valid and reliable instruments of varying item types, can help faculty determine if candidates’ dispositions are positive and improving at the individual student and group levels. Pre-existing affective and cognitive data for six cases were analyzed for evidence of consistency with the 10 interstate teacher assessment and support consortium or InTASC standards. Dispositions improved as the cases progressed through their programs.
Testing the validity of academic staff performance predictors and their effects on workforce performance
Authors: Musah Mohammed Borhandden , Tahir Lokman Mohd , Ali Hairuddin Mohd , Al-Hudawi Shafeeq Vazhathodi Hussain , Issah Mohammad , Farah Adnan Mohammed , Abdallah Asma Khaleel , Kamil Naail Mohammed
Published: March 2023

This study investigated the validity of quality culture (QC) and excellent work culture (EWC) constructs, and their effects on academic staff performance (ASP) mediated by EWC in selected West Malaysian higher education institutions (HEIs). The study included 1,068 faculty members from eight HEIs. The findings showed that QC construct is represented by nine separate elements, whereas two factors index both ASP and EWC. Moreover, the findings established evidence of construct reliability and validity in relation to the elements comprised the three constructs. The findings indicated that quality culture and excellent work culture have direct impact on ASP. The findings also showed that excellent work culture exhibits indirect causal effect on academic staff performance. This empirical study analyzed the mediating effect of EWC on ASP, which has not been extensively examined in the context of Malaysian HEIs.
The impact of STEM attitudes and computational thinking on 21st-century via structural equation modelling
Authors: Richardo Rino , Dwiningrum Siti Irene Astuti , Wijaya Ariyadi , Retnawati Heri , Wahyudi Andi , Sholihah Dyahsih Alin , Hidayah Khasanah Nur
Published: March 2023

Based on the study, computational thinking skills are influenced by science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) skills, and there is a relationship between computational thinking skills and 21st-century skills. However, studies related to STEM attitudes, computational thinking and their impact on 21st-century skills are still very few and limited. The purpose of our study was to examine the impact of STEM attitudes and computational thinking on 21st-century. This research uses a quantitative approach. The participants of this study were students of a vocational school in Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta, Indonesia (N=290). Research data in STEM attitude, computational thinking, and 21st-century skills using a questionnaire. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling techniques using the Smart PLS application. The results of the study obtained several findings, including: the model proposed in this study was valid; STEM attitude has a positive and significant effect on computational thinking; and computational thinking has a positive and significant effect on 21-st century skills. It can be argued that when STEM attitudes and computational thinking are more positive, 21-st century skills will improve. These findings have implications that curriculum development and STEM learning practices have to develop students’ computational thinking skills and 21st-century skills, especially in vocational schools.
English adverbial relative clauses: A new angle in the English as a foreign language classroom
Authors: Lin Chaohai , Nordin Nur Rasyidah Mohd , Krishnasamy Hariharan N.
Published: March 2023

Intralingual comparison in language learning is an effective teaching method, which introduces a new learning from what students have mastered to what they are going to learn. The study is to investigate the effects of applying intralingual comparison on the teaching of English adverbial relative clauses to Chinese Senior high school students. Data was collected utilizing both quantitative and qualitative methods in a mixed method design. Data was gathered via experimental research (n=103) and semi-structured interview (n=12). The experimental group’s posttest scores improved statistically significantly after intervention. Research findings suggest that applying intralingual comparison in teaching could be considered as an effective teaching method in improving students’ performance on learning English adverbial relative clauses. Besides, students would have more active and positive attitudes toward learning adverbial relative clauses than the traditional teaching method.
Problem-based learning module of organic insecticide for the aborigine students in Malaysia
Authors: Suan Ee Low , Yun Chinn Liang , Zhifeng Zhao , Ibrahim Nor Hasniza , Surif Johari , Abdullah Nabilah , Fariduddin Muhamad Nur
Published: March 2023

Problem-based learning (PBL) is a teaching model that uses real-world problems to lead students toward the learning objective of a course. It has been widely adopted in Malaysian education. However, PBL module for aboriginal people is scarce. This study aimed to provide suitable PBL activities in learning environmental problems by developing a PBL teaching module for the aborigine community and accessing its suitability. In this study, data was collected through an online validation form that was given to four validators, all of them have science or chemistry education backgrounds. The online questionnaires collected were further analyzed to investigate their responses to the module. The result has shown positive feedback (95.83%) as the responses are very encouraging. All respondents give approbation to the objectives of the module which are clearly stated and are parallel with the content. Many of them also strongly agree that the PBL model and the language used are suitable in this module. There is no doubt that PBL is a valuable tool to teach chemistry to improve students’ critical thinking and problem-solving skills effectively.
Contribution of academic supervision to vocational students’ learning readiness
Authors: Suyatno Suyatno , Istiningsih Erlina , Wantini Wantini , Hidayati Dian , Fajria Astry , Zulaiha Siti
Published: March 2023

The learning process in vocational schools has different characteristics compared to that of the non-vocational. Students’ readiness is one significant variable in determining students’ learning success. Hence, identifying the antecedent of the variable is necessary. The research aimed to measure the contribution of academic supervision through teachers' professional and pedagogic competence and its impact on vocational school students’ learning readiness. The quantitative research employed ex-post facto design with partial least square equation modelling (PLS-SEM) to test the hypothesis. Non-probability sampling, particularly purposive sampling, was used to take the samples, which were 71 teachers and 96 students in three private vocational schools in Gunung Kidul Regency, Indonesia. Meanwhile, the data were analyzed using PLS-SEM because the study involved less than 100 samples. The results showed pedagogic competence contributes to learning readiness, professional competence does not contribute to learning readiness, academic supervision contributes to pedagogic competence, and academic supervision contributes to professional competence. Besides, indirect effect scores concluded two points: academic supervision through teachers’ professional competence contributes to learning readiness and academic supervision through a teacher’s professional competence does not contribute to learning readiness. The principals and teachers can use the findings to improve their performance at school and in the classroom.
Program for international student assessment-based analysis for Javanese test
Authors: Ekowati Venny Indria , Nurhayati Endang , Suwarna Suwarna , Saputri Ines Ika
Published: March 2023

This study aimed to analyze the test items of Javanese for junior high school in Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY) using Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) literacy parameters. It was qualitative descriptive research employing content analysis methods. The instruments used were test items of PISA and Javanese reading literacy. The data collected was primary data in the forms of words, phrases, sentences, paragraphs, and discourses. The purposive sampling method was used to choose the research subjects. Data were analyzed using content analysis methods. The data collection was conducted through detailed documentation on test items of PISA reading literacy published by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and Curriculum 2013 Javanese reading test items for junior high school obtained from final examinations of four regions and one city in DIY. The semantic validity was used in this study. The results of the data analysis showed that out of 25 characteristics of PISA parameters of test items, there were only 13 (52%) characteristics a lied in test items of Javanese for junior high school in DIY, while the rest (48%) was not found in the Javanese test items. Based on these findings, it is expected that teachers can develop test items for Javanese reading literacy with higher thinking ability levels.
Making sense of students’ errors in solving problems related to measures of dispersion
Authors: Leng Ng Chiew , Meng Chew Cheng
Published: March 2023

The importance of statistical learning has been widely discussed. However, little effort has been made to understand the difficulties of students in learning measure of dispersion, which is the key component to statistical learning. The present study sought to identify the reasons behind the errors committed in solving problems related to measures of dispersion, by examining students’ errors in the diagnostics tests, followed by in depth interviews to elicit their thinking and understanding. There were 85 grade-11 high school students involved in the first phase of the quantitative research and 10 students with weak performance were subsequently selected for the second phase qualitative research. The interviews were conducted using the contingent teaching model. The findings indicated that students’ committing errors in solving problems related to measure of dispersion due to lacking statistical vocabulary knowledge, weak symbol sense, rote learning, low statistical reasoning and statistical thinking ability. The results of the study and proper remedials are discussed.
Nationalism education in elementary school: A systematic literature review
Authors: Saputra Bherrio Dwi , Murdiono Mukhamad , Tohani Entoh
Published: March 2023

This article aims to present a literature review on nationalism education in Elementary School in the latest literature because there are still few who research it. This research applies the systematic review literature method with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) protocol. The research stages include identification, screening, eligibility, inclusion, and analysis presentation utilizing the help of the Publish or Perish 7 application, VOSviewer, and NVIVO 12 Plus. The results of searching for articles according to the theme in Scopus through the Publish or Perish 7 application there are 226 articles which are filtered into 50 selected papers. The topic findings are character education, education, architectural education, democratic parenting, nationalism attitude, character building, international education, digital citizenship, acculturation, literacy, citizenship education, traditional games, national education, de-colonialism, ethnicity, implementation of character education reinforcements, ethno-nationalism, and curriculum. The research findings mention that nationalism education in elementary schools is a conscious effort of educational institutions to instill students’ understanding, knowledge, and attitudes to love and defend the country implemented through civics, social studies, and character education, which has an impact on character building, students’ love for language, culture and the integrity of the country. Future research needs to examine nationalism education in elementary schools according to approaches, strategies, media, materials, technological developments, and research trends.
Parental aspirations for children’s early childhood education enrolment in Bangladesh
Authors: Alam Md Jahangir , Ogawa Keiichi
Published: March 2023

Early childhood education (ECE) contributes to all young children’s cognitive and non-cognitive development. Most developed countries invest in early childhood education to boost human capital development. In countries such as Bangladesh which are impoverished and underdeveloped, the government has not provided enough access, enrollment, and quality early childhood education. Consequently, parents motivate early childhood education, whose financial circumstances alter to enroll children in school. This study examines the parental aspiration that encourages and motivates them to enroll their children in ECE schools. FGDs and KIIs were conducted with the individual respondents using a qualitative case study method. The findings indicate that parental aspirations, anxieties, and socio-economic conditions significantly affect children’s enrollment in ECE schools. The probability that a child will be enrolled in an ECE school is heavily influenced by the socio-economic position of parents, social recognition, quality of service, and the school’s reputation. This study argued that parental aspiration for children’s enrollment and non-enrollment in ECE impede social justice in education for all children. Finally, all the stakeholders should take innovative policy initiatives to ensure institutional justice and equal enrollment opportunities for children aged 3-5.