bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DESAIN DAN ANALISIS STRUKTUR PELAT DI ATAS GORONG-GORONG UNTUK PENGENDALIAN AIR MENGGUNAKAN SAP 2000
Authors: Faqih Nasyiin
Published: May 2023

Gorong-gorong digunakan sebagai saluran untuk mengalirkan air, limbah, atau cairan lainnya dari satu tempat ke tempat lain. Pelat di atas gorong-gorong dipasang untuk mengendalikan aliran air dan mencegah genangan atau banjir. Selain itu, pelat tersebut juga berfungsi untuk memberikan keamanan dan aksesibilitas, terutama di trotoar atau jalan pejalan kaki. Metode yang digunakan dalam perencanaan pelat ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif yang melibatkan pengukuran dan analisis numerik. Perhitungan struktur melibatkan penggunaan data terukur seperti dimensi struktur, beban yang diterapkan, sifat-sifat material, dan parameter-parameter lainnya untuk melakukan perhitungan dan analisis matematis. Selain itu, pembebanan pada atap gorong-gorong dan balok juga dihitung dan dianalisis. Properties penampang balok dan pelat ditentukan berdasarkan ketentuan standar, dan struktur secara keseluruhan dimodelkan menggunakan elemen kolom dan balok dalam program SAP2000Dalam perencanaan ini, pelat lantai dihitung berdasarkan persyaratan batas, tebal pelat, beban mati, beban hidup, dan kombinasi pembebanan. Hasil perencanaan menunjukkan bahwa Data Material: Tebal 20 cm. Resultan Momen Maksimum : Negatif: - 6.75296 Ton-m/m Positif : 2.58364 Ton-m/m.
A importância da Educação Ambiental como requisito para efetivação da proteção dos corpos de água: conscientização de gestores públicos acerca da necessidade de regulamentação de políticas educacionais em Camaçari, Bahia
Authors: Bandeira Aline Alves , Silva Maria Cecília de Paula
Published: May 2023

A Educação Ambiental é obrigatória no Brasil, nas modalidades formal e não formal. Uma população educada quanto à necessidade de se preservar o meio ambiente possui maiores condições para, na prática, exigir que governantes adotem políticas públicas capazes de preservar o ecossistema local. A presente pesquisa é multidisciplinar, abordando a Educação e o Direito, tendo como estudo de caso o Polo Industrial de Camaçari, Bahia, que é o maior polo industrial integrado do hemisfério sul. Abordou-se a Educação Ambiental revolucionária frente ao Direito Ambiental, como instrumento para (in)formar a coletividade mediante políticas educacionais e para se quebrar os paradigmas econômicos que favorecem o descumprimento da lei, especificamente no que se refere ao envio de Relatórios Técnicos de Garantia Ambiental, o que é causa de grande risco aos corpos de água de Camaçari.
Potenciais fitoterápicos nas perspectivas da regulamentação e da pesquisa e desenvolvimento no Brasil com enfoque em plantas medicinais amazônicas
Authors: Lepsch-Cunha Nadja , Frickmann Fabiana dos Santos e Souza
Published: May 2023

O artigo compila plantas medicinais brasileiras consideradas potenciais fitoterápicos sob a perspectiva da regulação brasileira a partir da análise de listas de espécies e monografias botânicas publicadas pela Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária e pelo Ministério da Saúde, a exemplo da Farmacopeia Brasileira (FB) e Formulário de Fitoterápicos (FFFB) (“Listas da ANVISA/MS”). Compila espécies medicinais amazônicas sob a perspectiva da Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento a partir da análise de listas de plantas de futuro publicadas pelo governo brasileiro e outras publicadas em livros e artigos científicos (“Listas da P&D”). Das 399 espécies analisadas, inserem-se nas Listas da ANVISA/MS 64 nativas, 49 amazônicas, e destas,18 estão na FB e/ou FFFB, 36 na Relação Nacional de Plantas Medicinais de Interesse ao Sistema Único de Saúde (RENISUS) e uma na Relação Nacional de Medicamentos Essenciais (RENAME). São 240 espécies nativas nas Listas da P&D, 59 delas em comum com as Listas da ANVISA/MS. Potenciais fitoterápicos de 14 espécies brasileiras podem ser registrados simplificadamente ou notificados na ANVISA, cinco de espécies amazônicas: Justicia pectoralis, Libidia ferrea, Phyllanthus niruri, Paullinia cupana e Uncaria tomentosa. Somente as duas últimas, guaraná e unha-de-gato, compõem fitoterápicos com registros válidos na ANVISA atualmente.
Avaliação do potencial de aplicação de substâncias de origem vegetal como repelentes naturais
Authors: Bento Maria Eduarda , Zaghini Láiza Paulina , Fernandes Lucas Ruan Borges , Furtado Gabriel Paulo , Pereira Matheus  Wittich Cirino , Galindro Bruno Menezes
Published: May 2023

Repelentes são substâncias sintéticas ou naturais utilizadas no controle de insetos, principalmente mosquitos, os quais são vetores de inúmeras doenças e, também, responsáveis por causarem reações alérgicas através de sua picada. A utilização de plantas como repelentes naturais tem sido muito explorada no senso comum, porém sem sua devida comprovação científica. Deste modo, o trabalho teve como objetivo analisar o potencial de aplicação de substâncias de origem vegetal como repelentes naturais. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão sistemática de artigos de interesse em duas etapas, para identificação de potenciais plantas a serem utilizadas para esse fim e, posteriormente, quais substâncias dessas plantas que apresentam tal ação repelente, bem como dos testes realizados. Foram identificadas quatro plantas e suas principais substâncias relacionadas à ação repelente: linalol para o manjericão, eucaliptol e β-cariofileno para o alecrim, eugenol para o cravo-da-índia e o citronelal para a citronela. No que se refere aos testes, foram identificados cinco tipos diferentes: verificação de ação inseticida, potencial repelente, testes realizados diretamente na pele de humanos e animais e testes utilizando gaiolas. Foi possível observar que as plantas alecrim e citronela apresentaram maiores evidências de ação repelente e as plantas manjericão e cravo-da-índia demonstraram maior ação inseticida.
Óleo essencial de Cymbopogon nardus L. (Poaceae) no controle de Sitophilus zeamais em sementes de milho
Authors: Seneme Adriana Martinelli , Gomes Lucas Palanicheski , Ferriani Aurea Portes , Moraes Carla Pedroso de
Published: May 2023

Dentre as principais pragas que incidem sobre os grãos armazenados está o gorgulho do milho (Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)). O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o uso do óleo essencial de Cymbopogon nardus sobre a mortalidade de adultos deste inseto e seus efeitos sobre a qualidade de sementes de milho. Avaliou-se o efeito inseticida pelo método de impregnação, de doses puras de óleo de 0; 5; 10; 15 e 20 µL em 20 g de sementes de milho, onde foi observada a porcentagem de insetos mortos durante 24, 48, 72 e 96 horas. Após isso, as sementes utilizadas neste teste foram submetidas à exames de infestação e testes de qualidade fisiológica. Os delineamentos foram inteiramente casualizados, com 4 repetições e as médias comparadas pelo teste F e Tukey (5%). O incremento da dosagem e do tempo de exposição dos insetos às sementes tratadas causou o aumento da mortalidade de adultos de S. zeamais. O óleo essencial de C. nardus apresentou atividade inseticida em adultos de S. zeamais; sua utilização reduziu a alimentação dos insetos e não afetou a germinação das sementes de milho.
ІМПЛЕМЕНТАЦІЯ МІЖНАРОДНОГО ДОСВІДУ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ РЕЛІГІЙНОЇ СВОБОДИ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Здреник Іванна Василівна , Шишко Валерій Валерійович , Повалена Мар’яна Василівна
Published: May 2023

У статті аналізується проблема імплементації міжнародного досвіду забезпечення релігійної свободи в Україні. З’ясовано, що імплементація міжнародного досвіду нормативного забезпечення прав людини та релігійної свободи в національну правову систему відбувається за принципами: доцільності; органічного поєднання мети і засобів; розбудови законодавчої бази з урахуванням норм, які фіксуються міжнародними документами з прав людини. Зазначено, що поняття «свобода совісті» та «свобода релігії» не є ідентичними, проте між ними наявний тісний взаємозв’язок. З деякою умовністю можна стверджувати, що друге поняття є вужчим різновидом першого. Свободу релігії доцільно поділяти на такі види: свободу віровизнання та свободу віросповідання. Свобода віровизнання як природне (загальносоціальне) право людини – це можливість особи вільно обирати об’єкт своєї віри та визначати особисте внутрішнє ставлення до нього. Ця свобода стосується внутрішньої сфери індивідуума. Свобода віросповідання як природне право людини є можливістю особи вчиняти певні дії або ж утримуватися від них, унаслідок чого об’єктивується її віровизнання. Відзначено, що успішність подальшого шляху України до відповідності її законодавства міжнародним гуманітарним стандартам (свободи думки, совісті та релігії) безпосередньо залежить від того, як швидко Україна буде ратифікувати міжнародно-правові акти, використовувати у власному законодавстві вживану в них термінологію, поширювати судову практику застосування норм міжнародного права, контролювати дотримання основних прав і свобод, проводити відповідні заходи просвітницького характеру.
Kedudukan pada Putusan Verstek sebagai Dasar untuk Pendaftaran Peralihan Hak Atas Tanah
Authors: Sintawati Annisa , Erham Amin Muhammad , Erliyani Rahmida
Published: May 2023

Peralihan hak melalui jual beli di bawah tangan mengakibatkan pembeli hanya dapat menguasai tanah secara fisik dan tidak dapat menguasai tanah secara yuridis, dimana pembeli tidak dapat mendaftarkan peralihan hak atas tanahnya tersebut. Penjual kemudian menghilang/pindah domisili serta tidak diketahui keberadaannya sehingga tidak pernah menyelesaikan proses jual beli tanah di hadapan PPAT. Demi melindungi hak dan kepentingannya, Pembeli kemudian menggugat penjual ke Pengadilan Negeri atas wanprestasi/ingkar janji penjual dalam membantu proses balik nama sertipikat tanah. Atas gugatan tersebut lahirlah putusan verstek. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan memahami serta menganalisis eksistensi putusan verstek yang mengabulkan gugatan penggugat dalam relevansinya dengan pendaftaran peralihan hak atas tanah yang dimaksud pada Pasal 37 ayat (1) Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 24 Tahun 1997 dimana suata bidang tanah yang telah bersertipikat diperjual-belikan tanpa Akta Jual Beli PPAT, juga untuk mengetahui dan memahami serta menganalisis implikasi yuridis pendaftaran peralihan hak atas tanah yang didasari dengan putusan verstek. Dengan menggunakan jenis penelitian hukum normatif, penelitian ini bersifat preskriptif yaitu menjawab isu hukum dengan cara menggambarkan, menelaah, mengkaji, dan menjelaskan secara tepat serta menganalisa peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku maupun dari berbagai pendapat ahli hukum, dengan tujuan untuk mendapatkan jawaban atas permasalahan yang diangkat. Eksistensi putusan verstek yang mengabulkan gugatan penggugat dalam relevansinya dengan pendaftaran peralihan hak atas tanah yang dimaksud pada Pasal 37 ayat (1) Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 24 Tahun 1997 dapat menjadi dasar bagi penggugat/pembeli tanah untuk bisa mendaftarkan peralihan hak atas tanahnya/melakukan proses balik nama sertipikat ke Kantor Pertanahan Kabupaten/Kota tanpa adanya Akta Jual Beli yang dibuat oleh PPAT karena putusan pengadilan yang telah berkekuatan hukum tetap (inkracht) memiliki kedudukan dan kekuatan pembuktian yang sama sebagai akta otentik.
АНАЛІЗ ЗАРУБІЖНОГО ДОСВІДУ ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ ДЕФОЛТУ ЯК ОБ’ЄКТУ ПУБЛІЧНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ
Authors: Перестюк І. М.
Published: May 2023

Автором досліджено що, на сьогоднішній день в нашій країні дефолт − це стан фінансової нестабільності держави, коли вона не може повернути свої боргові зобов’язання в строк або не може виплатити проценти за них. Такий стан може мати серйозні наслідки для економіки держави, а також для міжнародних фінансових ринків. Аналіз західного досвіду показує, що дефолти відбуваються з різною частотою і відбивають різний ступінь серйозності. Підкреслено, що необхідно розвивати механізми залучення інвестицій та розвитку економіки, щоб забезпечити стабільність та зміцнення фінансової системи країни. При цьому важливо забезпечити прозорість та відкритість в управлінні державними фінансами, а також запобігати корупції та недбалому ставленню до фінансових ресурсів держави. З’ясовано, що у плані публічного управління, важливо створити ефективні механізми взаємодії між державними органами, бізнесом та громадськістю, щоб спільно працювати над запобіганням дефолту та розвитку економіки країни. Визначено, що важливим є розвиток системи соціальної підтримки та захисту, щоб забезпечити допомогу людям, які постраждали від дефолту. Аналіз зарубіжного досвіду функціонування дефолту, як об’єкту публічного управління показує, що для запобігання дефолту необхідно розвивати ефективні механізми моніторингу та регулювання фінансових ринків, залучення інвестицій та розвитку економіки, а також боротися з корупцією та забезпечувати прозорість та відкритість в управлінні державними фінансами. зарубіжний досвід показує, що управління дефолтом є складним процесом, який потребує комплексного підходу та ефективних механізмів. При цьому важливо забезпечити підтримку населення та бізнесу, а також співпрацювати з міжнародними організаціями. Україна може використати зарубіжний досвід управління дефолтом, але також потребує власних реформ, щоб забезпечити стійке та ефективне функціонування економіки та фінансової системи.
Computational Desire Line Analysis of Cyclists on the Dybbølsbro Intersection in Copenhagen
Authors: Breum Simon Martin , Kostic Bojan , Szell Michael
Published: May 2023

Contemporary street design prioritizes vehicular traffic flow and assumes compliant road users. However, actual human behavior is typically neglected, especially of cyclists, leading to streets with inadequate wayfinding and protection from vehicular traffic. To improve planning, here we develop a computational method to detect cyclist trajectories from video recordings and apply it to the Dybbølsbro intersection in Copenhagen, Denmark. In one hour of footage we find hundreds of trajectories that contradict the design, explainable by the desire for straightforward, uninterrupted travel largely not provided by the intersection. This neglect and the prioritization of vehicular traffic highlight opportunities for improving Danish intersection design.
Rendición de cuentas y sus metáforas: del foro al ágora y bazar
Authors: O´Kelly Ciarán ,   Universidad de Queen’s Belfast, Dubnick Melvin ,   Universidad de New Hampshire y Rutgers
Published: May 2023

En este documento tratamos de desarrollar una perspectiva "relacional" de la rendición de cuentas y de la llamada "no rendición de cuentas". Nos centramos en el uso que hace Mark Bovens de la metáfora del foro en su modelo de rendición de cuentas, argumentando que su perspectiva relacional es demasiado estrecha. En cambio, defendemos un compromiso mucho más amplio y fundamental con la idea de la rendición de cuentas. Ampliando las metáforas, señalamos otros dos espacios de rendición de cuentas: el "ágora", un espacio primordial, y el "bazar", un espacio emergente de rendición de cuentas que se basa en el...
Responsabilidad de los servidores públicos. Y Opacidad y corrupción: Las huellas de la captura
Authors: Hernández Colorado Jaime ,   Comunidad PIRC
Published: May 2023

La idea en la cual se sostiene el diseño constitucional y legal del Sistema Nacional Anticorrupción (SNA) y de los sistemas nacionales complementarios remite a identificar a la corrupción como un problema multifactorial, de manifestaciones diversas, que debe ser atendido en sus causas, distinguiendo las consecuencias, con la finalidad de evitar diseñar estrategias de política pública que fracasen en atajar el fenómeno...
Implementation of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) in Indonesia to Increase the Significant Impact of Management Control Systems
Authors: Rahardja Untung
Published: May 2023

To improve the Management Control Systems, an accidental sampling (non-probability sampling) method is used to apply Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP). Export and import service companies in the Jakarta Capital City area became the population in this study, with the total sample used is 100 respondents. 3 (three) variables that are the primary key of this research are Management Control System (X1) is an independent variable, and ERP implementation (Y) is classified as a related variable. The results obtained after this study's test indicate that ERP implementation (Y) is significantly influenced by the Management Control System (X1). There are several compromises in implementing an ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) system in Indonesia. These factors exist in both the manufacturing and service industries. These have been identified as staffing issues where users do not understand how to use the  ERP system. This lack of understanding leads to the implementation of non-optimized ERP due to the lack of education and learning about system usage and operational know-how. ERP is an evolution of Enterprise Resource Planning II (MRP II), a further development of Material Requirements Planning (MRP). ERP includes a warehouse management package as a first step, which is the supply control used in manufacturing or servicing products. The second phase of material requirements planning is the ERP route. In addition, the third phase of MRPII was the development of closed-loop MRP. ERP will emerge as Phase 4, an extension of MRP II and business processes. Extended ERP is the fifth phase of ERP, was introduced in 2000 and is much more complex than previous ERP.
Claudia Jones, The Person and The Idea
Authors: Gourianov Dmitri
Published: May 2023

Carol Boyce Davies’ influential work Left of Karl Marx describes the life and time of Claudia Jones, a not very well known influential 20th century Marxist thinker. Through an in-depth look at the trials and tribulations Jones underwent, whether it be her time in prison or her deportation to England, Davies succeeds in capturing her essence, as well as thoroughly analysing her political development. What is left lacking in her discussion of Jones’ life, however, is Davies’ own reasoning as to why the grandmother of intersectionality was left out of the history books, both by Capitalists and Socialists alike. In this work, I use Davies’ work on Claudia Jones’ life to discern why this is the case, and how the factors which contributed to her erasure from the public consciousness were so effective in their efforts. By the end of this review, I look at how the separation of one from their ideas plays a pivotal role in their erasure, and how this occurred to Claudia Jones.
Canadian-Trinidadian Activism: Navigating Intersectional Identity in Queer Care
Authors: Chapman Julia
Published: May 2023

For Trinidadian-Candian Queer activists, identity must be navigated through queer identity, ethnic community, and cultural background. This paper seeks to explore what Trinidadian Canadian QTBIPOC and allied activism and care can look like in Canada and how this activism is informed by this complex intersectional identity. This research was conducted under the supervision of Professor Tara Goldstein and postdoctoral fellow Jenny Salisbury as part of a Research Opportunity Program (ROP) towards a larger project focused on 60 Years of Queer, Trans, BIPOC (QTBIPOC) Activism and Care. This paper focuses on research into three activists via the ArQuives: Richard Fung, Anthony Mohammed, and Deb Singh. Richard Fung informs complex art-based activism through his complex identities as Trini, Chinese, Canadian, and a gay man. Fung presents an example of complex identity informing complex activism, for Fung, this is film-based art that spans and explores the many topics surrounding his identity. Anthony Mohammad and Deb Singh present similar experiences of complex identity as Trinidadians within a South Asian diaspora and identity within Queer communities. For Mohammad navigating his sexuality as a gay man through Caribbean and South Asian communities presents contradicting yet synchronous experiences of inclusion and exclusion. Mohammed exhibits complex activism through his work in varied queer groups intended for Caribbean and South Asians separately. Singh similarly identifies the acceptability of a particular identity; navigating fluid sexuality, binary gender, and monogamy presents a similar thread of contradicting inclusion and exclusion. Her activism presents through her work in bathhouses for women and nonbinary folx and her work in the Toronto Rape Crisis Centre and Ontario Coalition of Rape Crisis Centres. For Trinidadian-Candian Queer activists, their complex navigation of intersectional identities informs their community work and artistic expression as activists.
Втручання лікарських засобів у лабораторні тести
Authors: Бухтіарова Т.
Published: May 2023

Втручання лікарських засобів у клінічні лабораторні тести (Drug Laboratory Tests Interference, DLTI) in vivo та/або in vitro є важливою, але не до кінця вивченою медичною проблемою.

Результатом таких втручань може стати запізнення встановлення та/або встановлення помилко- вого діагнозу, призначення непотрібних додаткових аналізів або терапії, додаткового моніторингу лікування, що завдає шкоди пацієнтам, підвищує фінансове навантаження на охорону здоров’я, фізичне навантаження на лікарів і спеціалістів з лабораторної діагностики.

Аналіз стану проблеми свідчить про те, що основним джерелом інформації щодо фізіологічних DLTI є інструкції для медичного застосування лікарських засобів, аналітичних – спонтанні повідомлення.

Наявна інформація не є вичерпною, стосується переважно однокомпонентних лікарських засо- бів, носить фрагментарний характер, недостатньо документована, відсутня уніфікована система збору й аналізу повідомлень про DLTI, не розроблені сучасні інструменти їхньої оцінки та алгоритми прийняття клінічних рішень.

Шляхи вирішення проблеми вбачаються в проведенні системних досліджень щодо втручань лікарських засобів у лабораторні тести (включно при застосуванні фіксованих комбінацій або одно- часному застосуванні декількох лікарських засобів), з’ясуванні механізмів виявлених інтерференцій, розробці підходів до отримання та верифікації інформації, створенні інформаційних експертних систем на підтримку клінічних рішень.

Актуальними також є питання перегляду навчальних програм у медичних закладах, зокрема щодо клінічних лабораторних досліджень, їхнього відбору й інтерпретації результатів, а також підготовки експертів-консультантів з лабораторної діагностики.
Визначення вмісту важких металів (As, Cd, Hg, Pb) у дієтичних добавках, фармацевтичній і лікарській рослинній сировині методом атомно-емісійної спектрометрії з індуктивно зв’язаною плазмою
Authors: Брицун В. М. , Кузнецова О. М. , Очеретяна Н. М. , Лєвін М. Г. , Останіна Н. В.
Published: May 2023

Мета дослідження – визначення вмісту важких металів (As, Cd, Hg, Pb) методом атомно-емісійної спектрометрії з індуктивно зв’язаною плазмою в дієтичних добавках, фармацевтичній і лікарській рослинній сировині, що передані для випробовувань на їхню відповідність вимогам нормативної документації; порівняльний аналіз отриманих результатів.

Дослідження здійснювали на оптико-емісійному спектрометрі з індуктивно зв’язаною плазмою Agilent 5800 ICP-OES. Вимірювання вмісту металів проводили шляхом порівняння емісії досліджуваних розчинів з емісією стандартних розчинів за довжин хвиль: As 188,980 нм, Cd 226,502 нм, Hg 184,887 нм, Pb 220,353 нм.

Виміряно вміст важких металів (As, Cd, Hg, Pb) у 41 зразку (дієтичних добавках, вітамінно-міне- ральному комплексі, фармацевтичній і лікарській рослинній сировині). Випробувались 18 зразків на вміст As, 26 зразків – Cd, 23 зразка – Hg, 37 зразків – Pb. Концентрації більші ніж межа виявлення приладу зафіксовані щодо Pb у 86,5 % зразків, Cd – 76,9 %, As – 72,2 %, Hg – 13,1 %.

Помітне забруднення випробовуваних зразків важкими металами спостерігалось: для Pb – 12 зразків (32,4 % випробуваних, з них для лікарської рослинної сировини та дієтичних добавок – 9,0–44,8 % нормування, для фармацевтичної сировини – 6,8–37,9 % нормування); для As – 5 зразків (27,8 % випробуваних, 9,1–47,8 % нормування); для Cd – 5 зразків (19,2 % випробуваних, 9,2–14,6 % нормування); для Hg – 3 зразки (13 % випробуваних, 42,5–62 % нормування). Значний вміст важких металів (Cd 84–145,5 мкг/кг, Pb 884–1343 мкг/кг, Hg 33,8 мкг/кг) спостерігається в таких органах рослин, як коріння.

Не зафіксовано жодного перевищення дозволених концентрацій важких металів у випробуваних зразках, що свідчить про належну якість продукції.
Probiotic cheese as a functional food
Authors: Mazlum Halit , Atasever Mustafa
Published: May 2023

Nutrition style and preference is one of the priority issues on which health-protective and disease-preventive measures are taken for a healthy life. For this purpose, functional foods that show beneficial effects on health as well as the nutrional value have become increasingly important. Among functional foods, probiotic foods which are produced by using probiotic microorganisms constitute the most important and interesting group. In order for a probiotic food to show its beneficial effect on health, it must contain minumum 106-107 cfu of microorganisms in grams or mililitres during its shelf life. Milk and dairy products are the foods in which probiotics are commonly used. However, the development of probiotic dairy products seems to focus on fermented milk (e.g., kefir) and yoghurt. Cheese has more advantages over fermented milk or yoghurts as a carrier food to intestinal environment due to the fact that it has a low oxygen content, high pH, high fat content and a firmer texture. In this review, the general characteristics of functional foods and probiotics are explained and evaluations are made using the potential of cheese as a probiotic carrier product. This study can shed light on new studies on the use of cheese as a functional probiotic food.
Asian Australas. J. Food Saf. Secur. 2023, 7 (1), 20-32
Literacy and Stigma of Suicide among Medical Students of Bangladesh: Status and Associated Factors
Authors: Arafat S M Yasir , Maruf Mohammad Muntasir , Hossain Md Faruk
Published: May 2023

Background: Literacy and stigma of suicide have been poorly assessed across the groups in Bangladesh even though they affect help-seeking behavior and have an enduring effect on suicide prevention.
Objectives: We aimed to determine the status of literacy and stigma of suicide along with associated factors among medical students of Bangladesh.
Methods: This study was conducted from January to June 2022 among 172 undergraduate medical students in Bangladesh by Google form. Literacy and stigma were assessed by the Bangla literacy of suicide scale (LOSS[1]B), and the Bangla stigma of suicide scale (SOSS-B).
Results: The mean age of the participants was 22.81 ± 1.8 (range 19-28) years, 64% were females, and 95% were unmarried. The LOSS-B score ranged from 0-10 with a mean of 4.72 ± 1.97. The literacy was significantly higher in married students, students with chronic physical illness and psychiatric disorder, lifetime suicidal thoughts, and suicidal thoughts in the past year while stigma was significantly lower among females, with mental disorders, with a family history of suicide attempts, and students with suicidal thoughts in a lifetime and past year.
Conclusions: The study determines the level of suicide literacy and stigma towards suicide among medical students of Bangladesh. Having history of previous mental health services consumption of mental health services and past suicidal behavior revealed a better level that indicates the effectiveness of mass media campaigns for raising awareness and reducing stigma.
Bangladesh Medical Res Counc Bull 2022; 48(3): 225-230
Mental Health Status Of A Population During COVID-19 Pandemic in Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Haque Md Rashidul , Islam Towhidul , Milton Abul Hasnat , Abir Tanvir
Published: May 2023

Background: The current Pandemic situation has the potential to impact mental health unfavourably. As a by and large new infection, much still needs to be had some significant awareness of Coronavirus. Following openness to the SARS-CoV-2 infection contamination, the vast majority of the people stay asymptomatic or foster gentle indications. Coronavirus cases can make complexities that will require hospitalization. Coronavirus patients revealed conditions like intense respiratory pain disorder, cardiovascular breakdown, liver harm, renal disappointment, shock, and multiorgan disappointment. During the current Coronavirus pandemic, general clinical issues have pulled in more highlight. Diverged from that, the psychological wellness outcomes of Coronavirus pandemic have gotten less thought.
Methods: This study will follow a cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress during the initial stage of the COVID-19 pandemic among the Bangladeshi population.
Results:Self-reported information on socio-demographics, illness and mental health status was obtained predominantly through a Facebook-based Coronavirus related page named 'Coronabarta' from 30th April to eight May 2020. Mental health status was assessed using the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21). A total of 420 individuals participated in this study who were relatively young and highly educated. The study finding suggests that COVID-19 pandemic may increase the risk of depression, anxiety, and stress in Bangladesh. The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress were 46.7% (95% Confidence Interval, CI:42.1% - 51.8%), 39.1(95% CI:34.3% – 43.9%), and 34.8% (95% CI:30.2 – 39.5%), respectively. Females and individuals with physical illness are at higher risk of developing adverse psychological consequences. Gossiping with family members is protective against depression (OR: 0.5, 95% CI:0.3 – 0.7). Watching television reduces stress (OR:0.6, 95% CI:0.4-0.9). Large cohort studies are recommended to confirm the association between COVID-19 pandemic and adverse mental health status. Necessary measures should be considered to improve psychological well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Conclusion: To find out the mental health status of the population during COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh, this study finding may form a basis for the development of a mental health support strategy in Bangladesh.
Bangladesh Medical Res Counc Bull 2022; 48(3): 195-202
Comparative Analysis of Quality of Essential Oil of Wormwood Herb Synanthropic Flora of Voronezh Region
Authors: Dyakova N. A. , Korenskaya I. M. , Slivkin A. I.
Published: May 2023

Introduction. The formation and accumulation of biologically active substances in plants is a complex process associated with a number of environmental factors, including anthropogenic ones. The study of the characteristics of the qualitative composition of essential oil of wormwood grass of bitter different from the ecological point of view of the places of harvesting is relevant.

Aim. The aim of this study study of the qualitative composition of essential oil of bitter wormwood grass, harvested in areas of the Voronezh region that are different from an ecological point of view.

Materials and methods. In the Voronezh region, 4 points of raw materials procurement were selected, diverse in terms of anthropogenic impact. Isolation of essential oil from the raw materials was carried out according to the method of PS "Wormwood of bitter grass". Component composition of the obtained essential oils was determined using Agilent 7890B GC System (Agilent Technologies, USA) with Agilent 5977A MSD mass selective detector (Agilent Technologies, USA). Data analysis and processing was carried out on the basis of NIST11 databases (from 19.05.2011), MassHunter ver. B.06.00 and NIST MS Search ver. 2.0 software were used.

Results and discussion. In a sample of essential oil obtained from reserved raw materials, monoterpene compounds account for more than 82 %, and sesquiterpene compounds – 16.6 %, about 2 % are organic impurities. Intensive biosynthesis of monoterpenes was noted in a sample collected in the area of agricultural fields of the Verkhnekhavsky district, its mass fraction is more than 73 %. In samples of raw materials with anthropogenic load (OJSC "Minudobreniya" and Highway M4), the share of monoterpene compounds is significantly lower (63.7 and 49 %, respectively). The increase in the proportion of sesquiterpene compounds in the last samples of wormwood essential oil may be due to the excessive acidity of the urbanized places of the workpiece. The sesquiterpene compound hamazulene, which stains essential oil blue, is identified in only two samples of gorse grass wormwood harvested along agricultural fields and in M4 tracks, which explains the presence of a blue hue in these oils.

Conclusion. The chromato-mass spectrometric analysis of the essential oil of the studied samples of bitter wormwood grass made it possible to identify more than 70 different components in them, while the qualitative composition of the essential oil of the raw materials of different places of the workpiece was significantly different, which may indicate a significant influence of the place of growth of the species and anthropogenic factors on the features of the secondary metabolism of terpene compounds in the plant organism.
Physicochemical and Functional Characterization of Medicinal Product Rinsulin® R
Authors: Babina A. V. , Drai R. V. , Saparova V. B. , Afanasyeva A. N. , Zaikin P. G. , Shmurak V. I. , Eltysheva T. E. , Makarenko I. E.
Published: May 2023

Introduction. Currently, biosimilars have found quite widespread use in the treatment of a number of chronic and life-threatening diseases. Thanks to them, there is a significant decrease of the economic pressure of biological drugs on the health care system and wide access of patients to effective and safe medicines is ensured. One of the most important stages of proving biosimilarity is the physicochemical and functional characterization of proteins. This set of studies is generally accepted, as sensitive as possible and allows us to give a conclusion about the compliance of the biosimilar with the original drug.

Aim. Conducting physicochemical and functional characterization of medicinal product Rinsulin® R (GP40051) in comparison with the original drug Humulin® Regular.

Materials and methods. Primary structure was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry detection and matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization. The identity of the higher protein structures was proved by the methods of circular dichroism, capillary isoelectric focusing, spectrometry and dynamic light scattering. The comparability of the impurity profiles of the preparations was evaluated using the methods of exclusive chromatography and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Functional characterization included a metabolic cell test "glucose uptake" and insulin receptor–binding assay (kinetics of binding to type A and B receptors, phosphorylation of insulin receptor).

Results and discussion. In the course of this research, the identity of the physicochemical and functional characteristics of GP40051 was shown. A complete overlap of primary sequence, high-order structures and impurity profiles was demonstrated between the comparison drug GP40051 and the reference drug Humulin® Regular. Functional studies have shown that GP40051 and Humulin® Regulars have the same activity.

Conclusion. The results of the quality comparability study demonstrated similarity of Rinsulin® R to the reference medicinal product Humulin® Regular, providing the scientific basis for conducting a specifically designed clinical programme, and supported registration in Russian Federation.
Erratum: "Immunomodulatory Effects of Water-soluble Polysaccharides from Plants of the Saussurea DC Genus on Murine Peritoneal Macrophages"
Authors: Ligacheva A. A. , Gulina E. I. , Shabanova I. V. , Trofimova E. S. , Krivoshchekov S. V. , Gurkin N. V. , Shurupova M. N. , Sherstoboev E. Yu. , Danilets M. G. , Belousov M. V.
Published: May 2023

Drug development & registration. 2022;11(2):59–64. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.33380/2305-2066-2022-11-2-59-64. Published: 25.05.2022.
Overview of Piperidine and Morpholine Derivatives as Promising Sources of Biologically Active Compounds (Review)
Authors: Khamitova A. E. , Berillo D. A.
Published: May 2023

Introduction. The search for new, effective and safe pharmacologically active substances remains an urgent task in the field of pharmacy. Many compounds of the piperidine and morpholine series are widely used in medical practice and belong to an important group of biologically active compounds. An informational, literature search on the synthesis of new derivatives of piperidine and morpholine was carried out. The article summarizes the results of studies of new derivatives of piperidine and morpholine as potential sources of biologically active substances.

Text. The review is devoted to the relationship between the pharmacological activity of the N-derivatives of piperidine and morpholine in relation to various biological targets and the structure of the substance, the importance of the piperidine and morpholine rings in the design and development of drugs is highlighted. Piperidine and morpholine are considered as prerogative structures not only for increasing activity, but also for obtaining biological substances with desired therapeutic properties and improved pharmacokinetics.

Conclusion. The literature review shows the current trend towards the study of morpholine and piperidine derivatives, reveals their high pharmacophore activity. The review will provide researchers with the necessary knowledge base to make chemical structural changes to the structures of drug leaders to enhance pharmacological activities.
Phytochemical Analysis of the Aerial Part of Golden Dock (Rumex Maritimus L.)
Authors: Podgurskaya V. V. , Luksha E. A. , Savchenko I. A. , Korneeva I. N. , Ivanova E. V.
Published: May 2023

Introduction. Golden dock (Rumex maritimus L., Polygonaceae) is used as a medicinal and food plant in Asian countries. The plant contains phytochemicals of various classes: flavonoids, tannins, anthraquinones etc. Plant extracts exhibit antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, astringent activity, and have antidiabetic potential. The plant is annual, and most of the biologically active substances accumulate in its aboveground organs. An important problem is the standardization of Rumex maritimus and the development of regulatory documentation for its the introduction to medical practice.

Aim. To conduct phytochemical analysis of the aerial part of golden dock.

Materials and methods. Air-dried aerial part of Rumex maritimus collected at flowering and beginning of fruiting stage, as well as individual above-ground organs (leaves, flowers, fruits, stems), were used for obtaining the extracts. Qualitative analysis of the extracts was carried out using reverse phase HPLC. The relative content of the components in the mixture was calculated by the method of simple normalization. Total content of free anthraquinones and anthraglycosides in terms of chrysophanic acid was determined using spectrophotometric method after acid hydrolysis. Total tannin content was calculated by titrimetric method.

Results and discussion. Flavonoids isoquercetin and avicularin were first discovered in the aerial part of Rumex maritimus. The dominant component of the plant is rutin. Chrysophanol predominates among anthraquinones. The highest concentration of anthraquinones (2.80 ± 0.04 %) was found in flowers. Tannins accumulate mainly in leaves (9.97 ± 0.02 %). A significant amount of tannins (6.60 ± 0.03 %) and anthracene derivatives (1.96 ± 0.03 %) is contained in the whole aerial part.

Conclusion. Phytochemical analysis of the aerial part of Rumex maritimus showed the presence of a significant amount of anthraquinones. As a plant raw material it is proposed to use the herb of Rumex maritimus. Standardization is recommended for anthraquinones in terms of chrysophanic acid (at least 1.5 %).
STUDI PENGGUNAAN KOMUNIKASI EFEKTIF DALAM LINGKUNGAN KELUARGA DAN PENDIDIKAN ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Juwita Ratna , Aziz Wahab Abd. , Kiromi Ivonne Hafidlatil
Published: May 2023

Komunikasi dalam kehidupan manusia sangatlah penting. Bagi anak usia dini cara komunikasi adalah sebuah tantangan untuk menjalani kehidupannya, sehingga anak usia dini harus belajar cara berkomunikasi, terutama komunikasi yang efektif baik dalam lingkungan keluarga maupun sosial, sebab sudah banyak anak yang masih berusia dini cara komunikasinya kurang efektif karena dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor yang ada. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menambah pengetahuan untuk para orang dewasa atau orang tua bagaimana cara berkomunikasi dengan anak usia dini secara efektif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah para orang dewasa yang akan menerapkan komunikasi efektif untuk anak usia dini. Dalam penelitian kami menggunakan studi kepustakaan (Library Research). Penelitian kepustakaan adalah kegiatan mengumpulkan bahan-bahan yang berhubungan dengan penelitian dari jurnal ilmiah, literature dan penulis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam lingkungan keluarga cara berkomunikasi dengan anak usia dini yaitu dengan cara menghargai satu sama lain, saling memahami, menyesuaikan gaya berkomunikasi dan membimbing anak dalam hal berkomunikasi yang baik. Sedangkan dalam pendidikan anak usia dini guru harus menjadi komunikator yang baik, memahami karakteristik siswa, memberikan suasana yang nyaman dan aman serta guru harus mampu membentuk hubungan yang dekat dengan siswa agar dapat memudahkan siswa untuk berkomunikasi dengan guru sehingga dapat membangun komunikasi yang efektif. Dengan menerapkan komunikasi yang efektif sejak usia dini, anak akan mampu berinteraksi dengan lingkungan sosialnya, mampu mengekspresikan perasaannya serta anak akan mampu mengembangkan bahasanya saat berkomunikasi.
Marine bird mass mortality events as an indicator of the impacts of ocean warming
Authors: Jones T , Parrish JK , Lindsey J , Wright C , Burgess HK , Dolliver J , Divine L , Kaler R , Bradley D , Sorenson G , Torrenta R , Backensto S , Coletti H , Harvey JT , Nevins HM , Donnelly-Greenan E , Sherer DL , Roletto J , Lindquist K
Published: May 2023

The frequency and severity of marine heatwaves (MHWs), an emergent property of global warming, has led to large-scale disruptions to marine ecosystems. As upper trophic species, marine birds reflect shifts in trophic structure and stability; therefore, a sharp increase in marine bird mortality is a clear signal of ecosystem impact. In this study, we analyzed 29 yr (1993-2021) of beached bird monitoring data (~90000 surveys) to identify marine bird mortality events throughout the Northeast Pacific and Alaska, USA, and examined linkages to ocean-climate variability. Mortality events were documented throughout the study period, but massive events (>500 km in extent, >10 carcasses km-1) occurred infrequently (n = 5), with an unprecedented sequence from 2014-2019. Event characteristics, including encounter rate (carcasses km-1), duration, and spatial extent, were positively related to prior-year averaged sea surface temperature anomaly, with event magnitude (product of encounter rate, extent, and duration) displaying a step-like transition, increasing 5-fold between +0°C and +1°C above baseline (1981-2010) temperatures. Mortality events occurred more frequently following MHWs, and a common sequence of mortality events (at 1-6 and 10-16 mo after heatwave onset) was observed in the California Current large marine ecosystem following 3 prolonged MHW events. Following the second wave of mortality at 10-16 mo after MHW onset, a consistent 16 mo period of depressed carcass encounter rates ensued. Given continued global warming, our results point to more frequent large-scale mortality events and the potential for a new lower carrying capacity for marine birds in the Northeast Pacific.
‘Beyond their own dwellings’: The Emergence of a Transregional and Transcontinental Indigenous Christian Public Sphere in the Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries
Authors: Koschorke Klaus , Hermann Adrian
Published: May 2023

This article deals with a largely ignored or overlooked type of historical sources which, at the same time, are of utmost importance for a future polycentric history of World Christianity: journals and periodicals from the Global South in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries published not by Euro-American missionaries but by local Christians. At the end of the nineteenth century, indigenous Christian elites in Asia and Africa increasingly began to articulate their own views in the colonial public of their respective societies. They founded their own journals, criticised serious shortcomings, and developed non-missionary interpretations of Christianity. At the same time, they established transregional or even transcontinental networks between ‘native’ Christians from different missionary or colonial contexts. The article presents the main results from two major comparative research projects on indigenous Christian journals from Asia, Africa and the Black Atlantic around 1900. It introduces the concept of a ‘transregional indigenous Christian public sphere’ and highlights the role of the press in processes of religious modernisation in different cultural contexts.
Origin, Distribution, Biology and Integrated Management of Solenopsis invicta (Hymenoptera: ‎Formicidae): A Comprehensive Study
Authors: Rashied Abdul , Ikhlaq Muhammad , Jaleel Waqar , Akram Bilal , Khan Muhammad Faraz Ayoub , Mughal Aqib Nawaz , Mukhtar Adeel , Bashir Muhammad Azhar , Shabir Kashif , Saeed Rabia , Shah Syed Ishfaq Ali , Azad Rashid , Zaka Syed Muhammad , He Yurong
Published: May 2023

The red imported fire ant (RIFA), Solenopsis invicta (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), is a serious, aggressive social insect pest with an original distribution centered in the southern United States. Now, its population has been established in many countries around the globe. This insect is well-known for causing a range of harmful impacts, such as damaging crops, endangering public safety, harming livestock, reducing the diversity of native flora and fauna, and disrupting ecosystems, particularly in China. Its control is a laborious, expensive, and time-consuming task. Timely implementation of integrated pest management (IPM) strategies is needed for its effective management. Strict preventive measures are needed to avoid its invasion in new areas or places. Effective quarantine measures are essential at seaports and airports to limit the movement of RIFA across countries. If the invasion has occurred, then proper implementation of IPM strategies should be used against RIFA. Considering the broad spectrum of losses caused by RIFA, this study provides proper information about the possible entry routes of invasions and provides guidelines for the implementation of IPM strategies against RIFA
Six Heteropoda Spiders (Araneae: Sparassidae) from Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, China
Authors: Korai Shakal Khan , Wang Kai
Published: May 2023

Due to the fact that they catch and consume insect pests, cockroaches, and other domestic soft-bodied pests in crops, Heteropoda spiders are highly important predator in tropical and subtropical regions. As with other vagrant spiders, pantropical huntsman spiders do not use webs to capture prey. Their great speed and strong chelicerae (jaws) are used to capture the insects on which they feed. Venom is also injected into the prey from glands extending from the chelicerae into the cephalothorax. In this study, more than 227 individuals belonging to six Heteropoda spiders were collected from Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture and brought back to lab, and then stored in 75% ethanol. Among which 64 individuals were males and 163 individuals were females. A total of six known species of the genus Heteropoda are described: Heteropoda dagmarae Jäger and Vedel, 2005, H. onoi Jäger, 2008, H. simplex Jäger and Ono, 2000, H. tetrica Thorell, 1897, H. venatoria (Linnaeus, 1767) and H. zuviele Jäger, 2008. Our findings provide new record for H. dagmarae from China, adding more knowledge to Heteropoda species distribution in China, and may help to study the biogeography and dispersal route of Heteropoda species. Our results also provide a little information for the origin and evolution study of Heteropoda genus, because no author has published any molecular phylogenetic study on this genus. We also provide description, illustration, and distribution map for each species in the current paper