bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR-β1 IN PATIENTS WITH BRONCHIAL ASTHMA: PATHOGENETIC, CLINICAL AND THERAPEUTIC ASPECTS (LITERATURE REWIEW AND OWN RESULTS)
Authors: Kachkovska V. V. , Kovchun A. V. , Bondarkova A. M. , Prystupa L. N.
Published: June 2021

The goal of our research was to analyze the role of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1 ) in airway remodeling, inflammation, clinical course, treatment efficacy in patients with bronchial asthma (BA) according to the literature data, as well as determination of this biomarkers level in the blood of BA patients. Material and research methods. The publications is containing the results of studies on the role of TGF-β1 in the course of BA have been analyzed. The level of TGF-β1 in the blood was determined within enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using kits “IBL International GMBH, Germany” in 553 BA patients and in 95 healthy individuals. Results. The article presents data about TGF-β1 influence on the processes of airway remodeling in BA patients, its role in microcirculation disorders, mucus production, eosinophilic inflammation and severity of clinical symptoms of the disease. The level of TGF-β1 expression was associated with disease control, severity and duration of the disease, despite conflicting data that require further study. In addition, there were presented recent research data about TGF-β1 as a marker of airway remodeling and as a therapeutic target in the treatment of BA patients. Glucocorticoids, tiotropium bromide, methylxanthines, selective inhibitors of TGF-β1 , resveratrol, simvastatin and montelukast and their mechanisms of influence were presented in detail. Significantly higher level of TGF-β1 in the blood of patients with BA was found (38.5 ± 0.7) pg/ml compared with healthy individuals (33.9 ± 1.0) pg /ml, p = 0.007. Conclusion. A significantly higher level of TGF-β1 was revealed in the blood of BA patients. In our opinion, a differentiated analysis of the content of this marker depending on the phenotype of the disease is important, which would explain the conflicting results of different studies, deepen understanding of its pathophysiological and clinical role in order to develop methods for slowing airway remodeling. Key words: bronchial asthma, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), airway remodeling.
CDIAGNOSTICS OF BRONCHIAL OBSTRUCTION IN PRIMARY CARE PHYSICIAN PRACTICE
Authors: Ilnytskyi R. I. , Dobrianskyi D. V. , Gumeniuk G. L. , Kuzmenko N. M. , Petelytska L. B.
Published: June 2021

The practical recommendations describe the clinical symptoms and signs of bronchial obstructive syndrome, which is common in primary care physician practice. The main causes of bronchial obstruction are analyzed. Differential diagnosis of bronchial obstruction and upper airway obstruction are performed. Detailed attention is paid to the differential diagnosis of bronchial asthma (BA) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Differences in clinical symptoms of these diseases are described. The main diagnostic criteria for BA and COPD are analyzed, which are determined by peak flowmetry and spirometry. It is emphasized that the diagnostic significance of the functional indicators of pulmonary ventilation are only in combination with typical clinical symptoms and risk factors. Clinical features of bronchial obstruction in patients with Churg-Strauss syndrome are described. Methods of diagnosis and two clinical cases of this syndrome are described. Key words: syndrome of bronchial obstruction, bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, peak flowmetry, spirometry, Churg-Strauss syndrome.
ADAPTED EVIDENCE-BASED CLINICAL GUIDELINES: BRONCHIAL ASTHMA (PART 3)
Authors:   SO “National institute of phthisiology and pulmonology named after F. G. Yanovsky NAMS of Ukraine”, Feshchenko Yu. I. , Iashyna L. O. , Boiko D. M. , Gavrysiuk V. K. , Krakhmalova O. O. , Matiukha L. F. , Mostovoy Yu. M. , Pertseva T. O. , Polianska M. O. , Rekalova O. M. , Ostrovsky M. M. , Zaikov S. V. , Konopkina L. I. , Konstantinovich T. V.
Published: June 2021

C. Clinical guideline is the result of an agreed decision of experts, adopted on the basis of a thorough analysis of literature data, as well as recommendations of foreign guideline GINA: Global Strategy For Asthma Management And Prevention. Updated 2019. The document provides an updated definition of bronchial asthma (BA), gives new approaches to the classification and diagnosis of the disease, proposes modern treatment regimens based on the results of multicenter international clinical trials, which justifies the high evidence for such therapeutic tactics. New principles for the distribution of patients to phenotypes, which should be taken into account when choosing treatment regimens, are presented, algorithms for initial and maintenance therapy, and new approaches to the treatment of exacerbations of the disease are presented. In previous publications of the manual (Asthma and Allergy, 2020, № 2, № 3), an updated definition and pathogenetic mechanisms of BA were presented, new approaches to the classification and diagnosis of the disease were outlined, and the definition and assessment of asthma control were given. The principles of assessing the severity of asthma, as well as the difference between severe and uncontrolled asthma are considered. Standards for the treatment of asthma patients according symptoms control and minimize risk are presented. The basic principles of asthma management and alternative correction strategies of treatment are considered. The third part of the manual presents a stepwise approach to the correction of therapy, immunotherapy with allergens, vaccination, indications for referral to a specialist consultation. The guideline is addressed to doctors at all levels of medical care – family doctors, general practitioners, pulmonologists, allergists, cardiologists, rehabilitologists. Key words: bronchial asthma, pathogenesis, classification, diagnosis, therapy
NAZMI BOSNA: HIS LIFE, WORKS AND CONTRIBUTIONS TO CLASSICAL GUITAR EDUCATION
Authors: ÖZTUTGAN Kaan
Published: June 2021

The aim of this study is to give information about the life and works of Nazmi Bosna, and to reveal his contributions to guitar education. In this descriptive study, data were collected through literature review, interview and document review. The works of Nazmi Bosna were identified and these works were analyzed via document analysis within the scope of the study. Bosna’s works were tabulated according to the name of the work, time signature, tonality and, if any, the person or people to whom the work is dedicated. The results displayed that Bosna began his guitar education by studying classical guitar with Ziya Aydıntan, and continued his academic classical guitar education as a student of Miguel Rubio in Bern Conservatory in Switzerland. Also, he made his first composition in 1963, and has continued to compose since then. Similarly, Bosna wrote 9 books, and 8 of them included 230 compositions of different tonality and genre. He also has a book, Guitar Applied Harmony Teaching. He contributed to guitar education with his own works and with the students he trained. Last but not the least, it was found that Bosna was a composer who had the most original works published for solo classical guitar in Turkey.
GASEOUS FUEL OBTAINING VIA FERMENTATION OF ORGANIC LANDFILL WASTE
Authors: Hovorukha Vira , Havryliuk Olesia , Gladka Galyna , Iryna Bida , Danko Yanina , Shabliy Oleksandra , Tashyrev Oleksandr
Published: June 2021

Fossil carbon-containing fuel is currently one of the most common in industry and economy. The rapid depletion of reserves of this fuel makes it necessary to search for the alternative one. Landfills are a place where methane is spontaneously synthesized due to the decay of organic waste. Controlled and regulated fermentation of the landfill organics can provide biomethane as well as environmental bioremediation. The aim of the work was to study the patterns of methane fermentation of multi component organic waste and optimize the process to increase the efficiency of biomethane synthesis and waste decomposition. Colorimetric and potentiometric methods were used for pH and Eh measurement. Volumetric and chromatographic methods were applied to control volume and composition of synthesized gas. Fermentation parameters were calculated with the use of mathematical and statistical ones. The achievement of high efficiency of methane fermentation of organic waste due to the process regulation was shown. The modeling of unregulated fermentation of organic waste in landfills showed low efficiency of the process. It took 69 days. Weight of waste decreased only 5 times. Hydrogen yield was 5 L/kg of waste. Methane was not synthesized. The regular mass transfer, regulation of the process and waste grinding showed the greatest efficiency. Weight of waste decreased 20 times during only 14 days. Hydrogen yield was 27 L/kg, methane yield was 12 L/kg of waste. Thus, the absence of regulation caused long term decay of waste. The high efficiency is achieved due to regulation of the fermentation process. The results will serve as a basis for the development of industrial biotechnology for the utilization of organic waste to reduce the volume of existing landfills and produce methane energy. This will further allow bioremediation of contaminated areas, obtaining an alternative to fossil fuel biomethane.
ANAEROBIC DIGESTION OF WHEAT STRAW AND MICOBIOLOGICAL ASSESMENT OF THE RESULTED DIGESTATE
Authors: Najdenski Hristo , Dimitrova Lyudmila , Akivanov Veselin , Hubenov Venelin , Mihailova Snejanka , Grozdanov Petar , Iliev Mihail , Kussovski Vesselin , Kabaivanova Lyudmila , Simeonov Ivan
Published: June 2021

A study on the anaerobic digestion of wheat straw in a pilot scale bioreactor with an organic load of 2, 5, 7, 10 and 20 g/l and a process duration of 18 to 80 days was performed. The pilot bioreactor used has a computerized system for control and monitoring of various operational parameters – temperature, pH, biogas composition, etc. Total solids, total organics and volatile fatty acids were measured by standard methods and gas chromatography. Daily biogas yield and its main components (CH4, CO2, H2S) were analysed too. During the anaerobic digestion, different species of microorganisms have been isolated from the genera Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Enterococcus and Aeromonas, as well as the species Terribacillus halophilus. With a known pathogenic potential are described Pseudomonas sp., Enterococcus sp. and Aeromonas sp. Studies on the antimicrobial resistance of all isolated strains show resistance to ampicillin, amoxicillin, bacitracin, ceftriaxone, gentamicin and vancomycin. The cellulose degrading activity of some of the bacterial isolates, their pathogenic potential and antimicrobial resistance are discussed in detail in the light of the data on the mechanisms of proven resistance.
Fractographic characterization of Al2O3p particulates reinforced Al2014 alloy composites subjected to tensile loading
Authors: Bharath V. , Auradi V. , Nagaral Madeva
Published: June 2021

In the current investigation, efforts are being made to produce an Al2014-Al2O3p composite with variable particle size of 88 mm by liquid stir casting route. 9, 12 and 15 weight proportions of Al2O3p were added to the Al2014 base alloy. By using SEM and EDS testing, microstructural studies have been conducted. Al2014-9, 12 and 15 weight proportion of Al2O3p composites mechanical behavior is determined in line with ASTM standards. Electron microscopic images showed that alumina (Al2O3p) particles are dispersed uniformly within the Al2014 composite matrix. EDS study confirmed the proximity of Al and O elements to composites reinforced by Al2O3p. It is also found that Al2014-Al2O3p composite hardness, UTS, and yield strength are improved by the addition of 9, 12 and 15 weight proportion of Al2O3p. Due to the addition of alumina particles in the Al2014 matrix alloy, the ductility of the produced composites decreases. Tensile fractography is performed using SEM to consider the mechanisms for failure.
Analysis of Above-Ground Steel Storage Tanks Resting Over Piles or Stone Columns
Authors: Salem Tarek , Maaly Hassan , Abdelbaset Ahmed
Published: June 2021

Static and dynamic behavior of above-ground steel storage oil tanks resting on end bearing piles or stone columns are studied and analyzed using ADINA (2019) program. The studied soil profile is an upper soft clay soil layer, followed by an extended dense sand layer. The main purpose of this research is to explore to what extent stone columns can be used as an effective alternative to concrete piles under steel storage tanks. Therefore, many three-dimensional numerical models are conducted to analyze and study the performance of such tanks in both static and dynamic cases. Ten of the studied cases are steel tanks resting over stone columns with different numbers and properties. On other hand, one model studied the behavior of steel tank resting on large diameter concrete piles. Results indicate that stone columns can be used instead of end bearing piles as long as the computed settlements are safe. In addition, stone columns are behaving better than concrete piles in decreasing of hoop stress in tank shell. It is also noticed that stone columns with high elastic modulus are effective in reducing the sloshing height of the oil surface during earthquakes.
Optimization of Ultimate Tensile Strength with DOE Approach for Application FSW Process in the Aluminum alloys AA6061-T651 & AA7075 -T651
Authors: Chaib Mohammed , Slimane Abdelkader , Slimane Sid Ahmed , Ziadi Abdelakder , Bouchouicha Benattou
Published: June 2021

As it is imperative to control the materials development processes well, in parallel, it will be necessary to constantly adapt very efficient assembly methods. Friction stir welding makes it much easier for us to fusion the aluminum alloys like AA6061-T651 and AA7075 -T651. But we noted the difficulty of containing its many parameters such as the welding speed, the rotation speed and the type of pin used during the operation to optimize mechanical properties and in particular to obtain high rupture strength with the tensile test. This why in this paper we treat carefully this process in order to define it drastically, by using the design of experiment method which is an original approach that resides in the possibility of interpretation of experimental results with a minimal effort on the experimental level whichever generates the minimization of the necessary number of experiments and allows a saving in time and in financial cost.
Numerical modeling of the contact effect on the parameters of cracking in a 2D Fatigue Fretting Model
Authors: Bentahar Mohammed , Benzaama Habib , Noureddin Mahmoudi
Published: June 2021

The objective of this work is to study the effects of contact parameters on the cracking parameters of a specimen and a pad assembly. These parameters have been studied and evaluated by the finite element method analysis in two dimensions fretting fatigue model through the Abaqus calculation code. Different values ​​of the coefficient of friction of 0.1, 0.3 and 0.6 were applied on the various lengths in contact for a = 0.1, 0.5 and 1mm. Thus, on the various values ​​of angle of orientation of the crack equal to 15 °, 30 ° and 45 °. In addition, elements of the type (CPE4R) and the criterion of maximum tangential stress were applied. The curves of the crack parameters such as the SIF coefficients and the integral J were obtained and discussed.
Inverse problems with the digital image correlation: approach and applications
Authors: Sgambitterra Emanuele , Niccoli Fabrizio
Published: June 2021

A viable approach to solve inverse problems in elasticity is proposed. It is based on regression algorithms to estimate materials and/or loading parameters by fitting the experimentally-evaluated displacement field to representative analytical solutions. Displacements are measured by the digital image correlation (DIC) technique and they are used as input for numerical procedures able to minimize the estimation errors of the unknowns and to quantify the unavoidable rigid body motions of the samples/components. In addition, thanks to ad-hoc developed iterative algorithms, non-linear phenomena related to high and localized stress/strain states, can be captured successfully. This latter represents a relevant novelty of the methodology as it allows to investigate plasticity-induced mechanisms in solid mechanics which are impossible to analyze with more traditional DIC-based approaches. Three different case studies are considered: 1) estimation of the stress intensity factor in fracture mechanics problems, 2) estimation of the elastic properties of a material by the Brazilian tests, 3) estimation of the contact pressure generated by thermally activated shape memory alloy (SMA) rings used for pipe coupling. The reliability and the accuracy of the method is demonstrated through systematic comparisons of the results with conventional techniques in experimental mechanics.
Analysis of fracture processes in reinforced concrete beams without stirrups
Authors: Słowik Marta
Published: June 2021

The analysis of fracture processes which led to shear failure in reinforced concrete beams without transverse reinforcement was performed on the basis of test results from the author’s own experimental investigation and numerical simulations. The variable parameters during the experiment were a beam’s length and a shear span. It was observed that the character of failure in the beams depended on the beam’s length and the span-to-depth ratio. In slender beams characterized by the shear span-to-depth ratio 3.4 and 4.1, the formation of the critical diagonal crack caused a brittle, sudden failure and the shear capacity was low. In short beams, when the shear span-to-depth ratio was 1.8 and 2.3, the failure process had a more stable character with a slow developing of inclined cracks and the significantly higher load capacity was reached. The activation of various shear transfer mechanisms was examined with regard to the slenderness of the member and the transition between a beam action which took place in slender beams to an arch action which predominated in short beams was described.
Strain Energy Density as Failure Criterion for Quasi-Static Uni-axial Tensile Loading
Authors: Kusch Andrea , Salamina Simone , Crivelli Daniele , Berto Filippo
Published: June 2021

Strain energy density is successfully used as criterion for failure assessment of brittle and quasi-brittle material behavior. This work investigates the possibility to use this method to predict the strength of V-notched specimens made of PMMA under static uniaxial tensile load. Samples are characterized by a variability of notch root radii and notch opening angles. Notched specimens fail with a quasi-brittle behavior, albeit PMMA has a nonlinear stress strain curve at room temperature. The notch root radius has most influence on the strength of the specimen, whereas the angle is less relevant. The value of the strain energy density is computed by means of finite element analysis, the material is considered as linear elastic. Failure prediction, based on the critical value of the strain energy density in a well-defined volume surrounding the notch tip, show very good agreement (error <15%) with experimental data.
Enabling countries to apply behavioural science in using global survey data to inform their Covid-19 policies
Authors: Corker Elizabeth , Altieri Elena , Michie Susan
Published: June 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the vital importance and impact of human behaviour on viral transmission. During 2020, large amounts of global survey data were collected and made freely available to help the response. Many teams responding to the pandemic lack capacity to identify and interpret behavioural data. A collaboration of the World Health Organization’s Behavioural Insights team and UCL’s Centre for Behaviour Change designed and piloted two templates to enable survey data use during the first months of the pandemic. The first template documents key behaviours, thoughts and emotions related to the pandemic, along with social interactions and population adherence to behavioural guidelines. The second template enables countries to formulate questions or issues that they would like behavioural data to address. This collaborative process applying behavioural science theory produced structured templates to enable organisation and interpretation of survey data to inform policy and practice in different country contexts.
PERFORMANCE OF LETTUCE UNDER INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT SOIL COVERS AND PLANTING SPACING
Authors: Vendruscolo Eduardo Pradi , Campos Luiz Fernandes Cardoso , Rodrigues Aliny Heloísa Alcântara , Correia Sávio Rosa , Oliveira Paulo Ricardo , Freitas Murillo Ribeiro , Seleguini Alexsander
Published: June 2021

Lettuce cultivation is an activity of great economic importance; therefore, the use of techniques for better use of space and better-growing conditions should be evaluated. The objective of this study was to evaluate the development and yield of garden lettuce grown under different soil coverings and plant spacing. The study was conducted in an experimental area located at the School of Agronomy of the Federal University of Goiás, in the city of Goiânia, Goiás. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with subdivided plots in four replications. The plots consisted of three soil coverings (soil without cover, straw, and plastic cover) and the subplots in three planting spacing (PS1 = 25 x 20; PS2 = 25 x 25; PS3 = 25 x 30 cm), totaling nine treatments. The evaluations occurred when the plants presented their complete development, being evaluated: plant diameter, fresh head mass, stem mass, number of leaves, stem height; stem diameter; relative chlorophyll index; yield; and utilization, corresponding to the percentage of fresh marketable mass. It was found that the use of soil cover can favor the densification of lettuce cultivation. For cultivation on soil without cover or with the use of plastic as a cover, the cultivation spacing must be greater.
Valor nutritivo de genótipos comerciais de sorgo forrageiro cultivados no oeste da Bahia
Authors:   Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Quadros Danilo Gusmão de , Chagas Tamire ,   Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Santos Luiz Henrique Bertunes dos ,   Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Teles Eudo Barreto de Sá ,   Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Baiano, Andrade Alexandro Pereira ,   Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Batista Perecles Brito ,   Instituto Federal Baiano
Published: June 2021

The objective was to evaluate the nutritive value of plants and silage of seven genotypes of sorghum (Podium, Formoso, BRS-610, IPA-1011, IPA-467, SF-15 and SS-318). A RBD with three replications was used to evaluate nutritive value of the plants cultivated in the municipalities of Barreiras and Muquem do Sao Francisco/BA, Brazil, while a CRD with three replications was used to evaluate the nutritive value of the silages from the plants cultivated in Barreiras. Chemical composition of forage and silage varied according to the genotype. However, the most remarkable effects were on CP, NDF, ADF and IVDMD. The best sorghum genotypes in terms of nutritive value were Podium, IPA-1011 e BRS-610.
PEMBENTUKAN KARAKTER RELIGIUS ANAK SEJAK DINI MELALUI ANIMASI NUSSA
Authors: Irwansyah Irwansyah
Published: June 2021

Pembentukan karakter religius anak sejak dini dapat dilakukan melalui tontonan animasi Nussa yang ada di yutub official Nussa
UPAYA PENANGGULANGAN COVID 19 DENGAN PEMANFAATAN LAHAN PEKARANGAN RUMAH SEBAGAI MEDIA TANAMAN OBAT HERBAL DESA SUNGAI ILIRAN /KECAMATAN GAUNG ANAK SERKA/KABUPATEN INDRAGIRI HILIR/PROVINSI RIAU.
Authors: Hidayati
Published: June 2021

Masa pandemi COVID-19 memaksa setiap orang untuk tinggal di rumah demi memutus mata rantai penyebaran virus. Kondisi ini tidak serta merta membuat para petani menjadi tidak produktif. Beragam aktivitas bisa dilakukan, khususnya yang bisa menopang kebutuhan pangan rumah tangga. Salah satu yang bisa dilakukan adalah berkebun tanaman obat herbal di pekarangan rumah. Aspek terpenting dalam pemanfaatan pekarangan rumah ini adalah tanaman hasil dari bertani di halaman rumah dapat memenuhi kebutuhan konsumsi maupun penjualan serta lingkungan halaman yang lebih indah dan sehat pada masa covid 19 ini. Dari hasil observasi dan wawancara dengan pihak-pihak terkait, dapat diketahui bahwa permasalahan utama petani dalam bertani di pekarangan rumah yaitu keterbatasan lahan yang ada dan juga jumlah panen yang terbatas serta varietas tanaman yang tidak beragam. Laporan ini dilakukan di :Desa Sungai Iliran /Kecamatan Gaung Anak Serka/Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir/Provinsi Riau, jenis penelitian ini digunakan adalah penelitian diskriptif  kualitatif. Penelitian yang dilakukan pada bulan agustus – september 2020 dalam rentan waktu selama 45 hari. Yang di jadikan sampel dalam penelitian 5 orang populasi dan penetapan di ambil berdasarkan metode bailey (survey) merupakan satu metode penelitian yang teknik pengambilan datanya dilakukan melalui pertanyaan tertulis maupun lisan. Dari hasil  wawancara beberapa petani dan ketua kelompok tani tersebut.
Relationship between Radiological Severity, Knee Pain and Functional Limitation in Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis at Dr. M. Djamil Padang General Hospital
Authors: Riapesi Yona , Rizki Rahmadian  , Hendra Maska
Published: June 2021

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease frequently affecting the elderly and the middle class due to injury or overuse of the joints. An individual with pain due to OA will experience dysfunction of joints and muscles, thus causing movement limitation, decrease of muscle strength and balance. The objective of this study is to know the association of OA radiological degree with pain intensity and limitation of physical capability in patients with knee joint OA.

Methods: This study is a retrospective study on patients with knee joint OA treated at RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang in year 2021 from January 2021 to May 2021. Data collection was conducted in the Medical Records Department of RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang and questionnaire which fulfills the inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Results: A total of 58 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria of this study. Results of the study showed the mean age of the respondents was 60 years with variance of 7 years. More than a half (77.6%) of the respondents were female and most common ethnicity was Minang (82.8%). 50% of the patients were housewives. BMI of the respondents were mostly overweight - obese (65.5%). Most commonly affected side of the knee joint OA was the right side (55.2%). Most common degree of OA was the fourth degree (39.7%). More than a half of the respondents (84.5%) had moderate intensity of pain and 34.5% respondents had mild physical limitation. Results of the study showed that there was an association between OA radiological degree and pain intensity in patients with knee joint OA (p value = 0.0001). Results of the study showed that there was an association between OA radiological degree and level of physical capability limitations in patients with knee joint OA (p value = 0.0001). Results of the study showed that there was an association between pain intensity and level of physical capability limitations in patients with knee joint OA (p value = 0.0001).

Conclusion: There was an association between OA radiological degree and pain intensity, physical limitations in patients with knee joint OA, and there was an association between pain intensity and level of physical capability limitation in patients with knee joint OA.
CORRELATION OF THYROID HORMONES IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE: AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
Authors: Natikar Jyothi A , G Asha , Shailaja Alapaty
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an international public health problem affecting about 5–10% of the population. It is the ninth leading cause of death. A trend towards increased incidence and prevalence is being reported worldwide with epidemic proportions in many countries. CKD is associated with variety of endocrine disturbances among which thyroid dysfunction is most common. This is probably due to reduce circulating hormone levels, altered binding of hormone to carrier protein or due to reduced peripheral metabolism of hormone.

Materials and Methods: The study included 100 patients diagnosed with CKD. Both male and female patients aged between 30-70 years were selected for the study. Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) was calculated using Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) formula. Total T3, Total T4, TSH levels were measured by CLIA methodology.

Results: Statistically significant alteration in TSH (p<0.01) values were seen with eGFR suggesting that alteration in the eGFR may lead to thyroid hormone resistance.

Keywords: Chronic Kidney Disease(CKD), Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR), Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD)
Assessing the Validity and Reliability of the Persian Version of the Interpersonal Problem Solving Skills Assessment Tool in Schizophrenia
Authors:   Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Abolhasani Milad , Karbalaee Nouri Ashraf ,   Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Bakhshi Enayatollah ,   Department of Biostatistics, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Abolhasani Milad ,   Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: June 2021

Objective: This study aimed to translate the Assessment of Interpersonal Problem-Solving Skills (AIPSS) into Persian and to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Persian version of AIPSS to use for adults with schizophrenia. Materials & Methods: In this methodological study, the translation process was performed according to the International Quality of Life Assessment (IQOLA) protocol. The face validity of the translated AIPSS was determined based on the opinions of experts and The Content Validity Index (CVI) and Content Validity Ratio (CVR) were also calculated for each item. The Persian version of the test was performed on 52 patients with schizophrenia disorders at Tehran’s Razi Mental Hospital; they were selected using a convenience sampling method. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was used to evaluate internal consistency. Inter-rater reliability was determined by the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). A retest was complete on 15 patients with 2 weeks interval and ICC was used to determine the test-retest reliability. Results: Face validity was confirmed by the experts’ opinions. The Content Validity Ratio (CVR) and the Content Validity Index (CVI) were equal to one for all scenes. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for all scales was ranged between 0.511 and 0.821. The ICC in all scales were more than 0.98 for inter-rater reliability. In calculating test-retest reliability, the ICC for all scales ranged 0.733-0.893. Conclusion: Results show that the Persian version of AIPSS has acceptable face validity, content validity, internal consistency, inter-rater reliability test-retest reliability. Therefore, this instrument can be used in clinical fields and research studies to assess the social skills of Iranian patients with schizophrenia.
The Relationship Between Upper Limb Function and Participation and Independence in Daily Activities of Life in People With Stroke
Authors:   Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Rofeideh Rehabilitation Hospital, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Akbarfahimi Nazila , Mazidi Mohammad Hassan ,   Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Hosseini Seyed Ali ,   Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Vahedi Mohsen ,   Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Iranian Research Center on Aging, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Amirzargar Nasibeh ,   Neurologis Rofeideh Rehabilitation Hospital, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: June 2021

Objective: Upperlimb function impairment is one of the most common consequences of stroke and a part of the motor functions, that has been considered as a necessary basis for the implementation of various of occupation and participation. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the relationship between upper extremity function and level of participation and independence in the activities of daily living in people with history of stroke in less than two years ago. Materials & Methods: This study is non-experimental and cross-sectional. Among those referring to University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences with a history of stroke in less than two years ago, the patients were selected by easy accessible sampling method. Upper limb performance was measured by Fogel-Meier and independency in daily living activities by the Functional Independence Scale (FIM) and participation by the Iranian Participation Questionnaire (IPQ).Data analysis was performed in SPSS V. 23 softwarebyusing Spearman correlation test. Results: The results showed that the correlation between upper limb performance and participation was a moderate direct relation (P=0.003, r=0.315) and there was a strong direct (r=0.625, P=0.00)correlation between upper limb performance and independence in activities of daily living. Conclusion: The relationship between upper limb function and independence in daily living activities is strong, so with further improvement and efficiency of the upper limbleadtoincreasesindependence in patients' activities of daily life. The relationship between upper limb function and participation is moderate, so to increase and improve the participation of stroke patients, in addition to upper limb mobility, other factors must be considered.
Investigating Some Risk Factors Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Middle-aged and Elderly
Authors:   Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran., Dadgari Ali , Mirrezaei Seyed Mohammad ,   Behavioral and Social Sciences Research Center in Health, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran., Talebi Seyedeh Solmaz ,   Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran., Alaghemand Gheshlaghi Yasaman ,   Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran., Rohani Rasaf Marzieh ,   Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.
Published: June 2021

Objectives: The outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has influenced all age groups; however, the risk of mortality increases with age. Several factors impact the development of this disease. This study aimed to determine the relationship between some risk factors in the development of COVID-19 among community dwellers of ≥50 years of age.This cross-sectional study was performed at Shahroud University of Medical Sciences from April 1, 2019, to June 20, 2020. Methods & Materials: This cross-sectional study was conducted on individuals aged ≥50 years, including middle-aged and aging suspected of COVID-19 referring to registration centers in Shahroud University of Medical Sciences from Feb. 20th to Jun. 20th, 2020. The basis for diagnosing COVID-19 in suspected cases was a positive Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) test based on a nasopharyngeal swab or Computed Tomography (CT) scan. The data used included demographic information, a history of smoking, and comorbidities. Data analysis was performed in SPSS by descriptive statistics, Chi-squared test, Independent Samples t-test, and logistic regression model. Results: In the first 4 months of the COVID-19 outbreak, 3945 suspicious cases were referred to Shahroud healthcare centers. After removing the missing cases, of the 3119 registered cases, 1348 participants were aged ≥50 years. Of all eligible participants, 602 cases were diagnosed with COVID-19, and 303 were males. The obtained data suggested that the Mean±SD age of the study subjects was 66.62±11.33 years. Diabetes (P=0.014) and other comorbidities, such as asthma, acute respiratory, hepatic and kidney diseases, and cancer in borderline significantly increased the incidence of COVID-19 by 38% and 32%, respectively. An increase of one unit in Body Mass Index (BMI) (P=0.002) enhanced the odds of infection by 4%. Conclusion: Based on the multivariate logistic regression results, high BMI and diabetes were significant risk factors in the development of COVID-19 among aged subjects. This conclusion emphasizes the importance of BMI and diabetes in the assessment of patients in middle-aged and aging groups.
Cultural Transfer and Dialogue of Cultures in the Russian and Latin American Civilizational Borderlands
Authors: SHEMYAKIN Yakov
Published: June 2021

The article compares “cultural transfer” and “dialogue of cultures” as socio-cultural realities in two "border" civilizations of planetary scale – Latin America and Russia. The author develops and illustrates the thesis that identity of subjects of intercultural interaction is a necessary precondition and the key to cultural transfer. The focus is on the problematics of the dialogue of cultures. According to the author, the basic reason for all difficulties to put into practice the ideal of dialogue consists in what W. O. Quine described as the problem of "radical translation", that is, of understanding texts created within another culture based on essentially different views about the universe and life.
Академическое и образовательное производство студента магистратуры в EPT IFAP Macapá, Amapá, Amazônia, Бразилия
Authors: Viana Valderi Nascimento , Fecury Amanda Alves , Oliveira Euzébio de , Dendasck Carla Viana , Dias Claudio Alberto Gellis de Mattos
Published: June 2021

Научное производство в рамках бакалавриата и аспирантуры имеет свое значение для создания нового способа мышления студента. Профессиональная степень магистра профессионального образования в национальной сети (ProfEPT) объединяет дисциплинарный контент, педагогические знания и итоговую академическую продукцию и связывает их с реальными ситуациями образовательной практики, а окончательная работа может быть представлена различными способами (статьи, книги, образовательные продукты). Академическое производство, как советника, так и руководства, в дополнение к важности, связанной с научным распространением, имеет вес в оценке программы, а также в ее обслуживании. Цель этой работы состоит в том, чтобы количественно показать академическое и образовательное производство студента магистратуры в области профессионального и технологического образования (EPT) из Института образования, науки и техники (IFAP) Macapá, Amapá, Amazônia, Бразилии. Во время магистратуры в процессе обучения оказалось необходимым научное производство в различных формах. Объединив теорию с практикой письма, облегчила выработку диссертации, которая должна быть представлена в конце курса. В процессе организации планирование идей привело к новой мысли, структурированной в соответствии со стандартами академии, но это не ограничивается этим пространством и нормами. Продукция в ходе магистратуры стремится внести как количественный, так и качественный вклад в научное производство северного региона, положительно влияя на него и магистерская программа. Помимо важного вклада в научное создание и распространение, постановки, как правило, положительно влияют на оценку и содержание программы PROFEPT-IFAP, проведенной CAPES.
Culture "asciutte" e culture "bagnate" nell'epoca della globalizzazione
Authors: Room Robin
Published: June 2021

La distinzione tra culture asciutte e culture bagnate appare oggi poco al passo con i tempi, in special modo per quel che riguarda i giovani europei. I principali fattori che hanno messo in crisi questa distinzione sono i cambiamenti negli stili del bere dovuti alla globalizzazione della cultura giovanile e all'influenza pubblicitaria delle industrie degli alcolici.
La corporazione e gli esterni: stampatori e librai a Venezia tra norma e contraffazione (secoli XVI-XVIII)
Authors: Carnelos Laura
Published: June 2021

Nella Venezia del sei-settecento il mondo del libro non si esauriva all'interno dell'Arte degli stampatori e librai. L'indagine archivistica ha permesso di ricostruire rapporti, intrecci, conflitti e soluzioni per oltre due secoli tra corporati e «contraffacenti», cioč chi esercitava senza essere immatricolato o al di fuori della categoria di appartenenza. Si tratta di una convivenza costante - per alcuni confratelli forzata, per altri un'utile fonte di collaboratori - che ha determinato lo sviluppo di sistemi di produzione e di commercio librario complementari. Il dualismo legislativo, statale e corporativo, che si venne a creare fin dalla nascita dell'Arte lasciň spazi di libertÀ per esercitare, sperimentare e affermarsi illegalmente. Nel saggio si analizzano quelle figure che impararono la professione senza necessariamente seguire il percorso formativo richiesto dall'Arte andando ad inserirsi, nella maggior parte dei casi, nel mercato editoriale di largo consumo.
Scienza, utopia, escatologia nella tradizione del marxismo italiano fra otto e novecento
Authors: Favilli Paolo
Published: June 2021

In questo saggio viene discussa criticamente la tesi secondo cui nuovi criteri di "rilevanza" per la storiografia debbano ripartire da una riflessione sulle costanti "atemporali" che hanno caratterizzato (caratterizzano?) tanta parte del processo storico. Costanti legate alla dimensione escatologica. L'autore ritiene che escatologia, millenarismo, utopia siano state aspetti estremamente importanti nella lunga storia dell'emancipazione umana. Ritiene tuttavia, ed argomenta la sua tesi su vasta base documentaria, che per quanto riguarda quella fase specifica del processo di liberazione umana legata a movimento operaio, socialismo, marxismo, la prospettiva escatologica, pure presente, non sia quella determinante. L'analisi "scientifica" del movimento reale, economico e sociale, analisi basata su una teoria critica molto radicale, rappresenta la solida base di questa esperienza. Questo non eliminava le "mentalitÀ" escatologiche, ma le poneva su un piano ben diverso rispetto a quello analitico.
Il "turco" e l'inquisitore. Schiavi musulmani e processi per magia nel Bagno di Livorno (XVII secolo)
Authors: Santus Cesare
Published: June 2021

L'articolo prende in esame la presenza di schiavi musulmani all'interno del Bagno di Livorno nel XVII secolo, soffermandosi sulla loro esistenza quotidiana ed in particolare sulle relazioni da essi intrattenute con gli abitanti della cittÀ. L'analisi di alcuni processi inquisitoriali conservati presso l'Archivio arcivescovile di Pisa ha portato ad evidenziare l'esistenza di casi in cui clienti cristiani ricorrevano alle arti magiche dei "turchi", dettagliatamente descritte e perciň confrontabili con la tradizione islamica nordafricana. Questo fenomeno si dimostra allo stesso tempo frutto di un'ideologia che associava gli infedeli al mondo demoniaco ma anche uno dei canali attraverso cui si esercitava il confronto culturale tra le due sponde del Mediterraneo.
ImprenditorialitÀ e gestione: la formazione del Gruppo Rizzoli dalle origini alla seconda guerra mondiale
Authors: Forni Marcella
Published: June 2021

L'articolo ripercorre il percorso di formazione e strutturazione del gruppo editoriale Rizzoli, tra le protagoniste dell'industrializzazione del settore, nel periodo compreso tra i primi anni del novecento, che vede la formazione di un primo nucleo tipografico, e la fine del secondo conflitto mondiale. Lo studio prende avvio da un esame della formazione tecnica e imprenditoriale del tipografo nella Milano dei primi del secolo, e prosegue in una valutazione dell'ambito specifico di inserimento delle prime societÀ a marchio Rizzoli. Fondamentale per comprendere l'evoluzione societaria e gestionale dell'impresa, sia sul breve che sul medio periodo, č ritenuta la ricostruzione delle partnerships instaurate dall'azienda fin dai primi anni di attivitÀ, alla base dell'attestazione della ditta a livello nazionale. Parallelamente, vengono seguite le operazioni di diversificazione produttiva che porteranno l'azienda ad un'espansione nel settore editoriale, principalmente orientata verso produzioni a grande tiratura, per le quali verranno studiate dopo la metÀ degli anni venti apposite politiche pubblicitarie/di marketing: l'autore si sofferma a questo proposito sulla forte compenetrazione tra le attivitÀ del gruppo, estese nel corso degli anni trenta alla produzione cinematografica. Un'analisi delle vicende societarie di questo periodo evidenzia come il successo economico dell'attivitÀ porti ad un'emancipazione del gruppo dai suoi primi finanziatori, con un rientro della gestione nell'ottica tipicamente italiana della conduzione familiare delle imprese.
Crescita e trasformazioni tra etÀ moderna e rivoluzione industriale. Nuove prospettive di storia economica dell'Europa
Authors: Conca Messina Silvia A.
Published: June 2021

L'articolo presenta una rassegna del dibattito internazionale sui fattori della crescita economica nell'Europa moderna e durante la rivoluzione industriale, soffermandosi in particolare sui risultati delle ricerche relative alla tecnologia, le istituzioni, il modello malthusiano, l'energia, le stime di crescita del PIL, mostrando che secondo la gran parte della piů recente storiografia - sebbene non tutta - la rivoluzione industriale non fu un fenomeno improvviso, ma l'accelerazione di dinamiche preesistenti sin dall'etÀ moderna. Tale orientamento č stato contestato dalla California school, che ha enfatizzato le "sorprendenti somiglianze" tra le aree piů avanzate dell'Europa e dell'Asia e sostenuto che la "grande divergenza" in termini di ricchezza e di potenzialitÀ non si manifesta prima dell'ottocento, sospingendo gli studi verso una prospettiva piů comparativa e globale. Le ricerche degli ultimi anni, perň, hanno nel complesso confermato che il divario tra oriente e occidente trova le sue radici nell'espansione europea dell'etÀ moderna, nelle sue istituzioni, nella sua cultura scientifica e tecnica, e nella crescente specializzazione della sua economia.
Technological gap in allspice (Pimenta dioica L. Merr) production
Authors: Santos Vazquez Cristian , Valdivia-Alcalá Ramón , Reyna-Izaguirre Diana América , Márquez-Berber Sergio Roberto , Montalvo-Hernández Domingo
Published: June 2021

Objective: To study the technological features of allspice pepper (Pimenta dioica L. Merr) production and to show potential areas of social intervention in the crop.
Methodology: The study took place in five of 22 producing municipalities in Veracruz state, Mexico, selected by non-probabilistic sampling; n = 50 surveys were applied to producers selected following the snowball method. Data were collected on profile of the production unit and knowledge-practice for innovations. Descriptive statistics were applied; knowledge-practice rates and knowledge-practice indices were calculated. A classification of areas of opportunity was made based on the diffusion of innovations theory.
Results: Allspice occupies small areas, its a complementary crop; knowledge and practice rates show that the categories for marketing, organization and nutrition are the lowest; in the opposite direction are the categories for harvesting, sustainable management and agronomic management. The categories show areas of opportunity for intervention, for the less known and practiced innovations; as well as opportunity for reinvention of known and practiced categories.
Study limitations: Due to difficult access to producer databases, it was decided to conduct a snowball sampling method.
Conclusions: The increase in knowledge and practice rates are determined by the areas of opportunity and the restructuring of the known innovations. The role played by allspice pepper, the occupied surface and the presence of other commercial crops can explain the state of production.