bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
METHODOLOGICAL DIVERSITY OF RESEARCH ON LEADERS AND INTERNATIONAL CONFLICT: A REVIEW
Authors: AKGÜL Öner
Published: June 2020

Why leaders decide to go to war or when they decide to make peace? It can be one of the most common questions of classical thinkers and current scholars of international relations. The basic idea behind this question is to find out a solution to the war phenomenon. However, the other question is how we understand and explain the behaviors of leaders and their inner circles? Do rationality, strategic calculations or only cognitive variables sufficiently explain the violent behaviors? This research discusses how different methodologies can contribute to theorizing or understand the international conflict behaviors of leaders. In this context, on a qualitative basis, psychobiography, psychohistory, leadership trait analysis, integrative complexity method are explained along with the quantitative findings and theories of leaders and international conflict. The methodological diversity provides both deep insights about specific leaders’ war decisions and general theories that can contribute to the scientific study of international conflict. I argue that the field is open to any new methodology.
ERKEN CUMHURİYET DÖNEMİNDE YOKSULLUKLA MÜCADELE KAPSAMINDA HALKEVLERİ SOSYAL YARDIM ŞUBELERİNİN ROLÜ
Authors: AKKUŞ Turgay , KUMAŞ Nursal , SARITUNÇ Berrin
Published: June 2020

XX. Yüzyılın ilk çeyreğinde yaşanan siyasî gelişmelerin Türkiye’nin toplumsal yapılanmasında yaratmış olduğu en önemli sorunlardan birisi yoksulluktu. Pre-kapitalist bir tarım toplumu özellikleri gösteren Türkiye’de kitlesel savaşların yol açtığı etkiler, nüfusun eğitim-öğretim hizmetlerinden yararlanma olanağı ve süresindeki sorunlar, sağlık hizmetlerinin yaygınlığı ve ulaşılabilirliğindeki sınırlılık, ulaşım ve iletişim alt yapısındaki eksiklikler ve yaygın beslenme yetersizlikleri, insanî ve göreli yoksulluk problemlerinin ortaya çıkmasına neden olmuştur. Cumhuriyetin ilk yıllarından itibaren ulusal kaynaklar ve küresel konjonktürün belirleyici olduğu bir çerçevede yoksulluk sorununu çözümlemeye veya kabul edilebilir bir düzeye çekmeye yönelik siyasalar oluşturuldu. Devrimin ve onu oluşturan norm ve değerlerin toplumsallaştırılması amacıyla oluşturulan Halkevleri, örgütlenme yapısındaki ictimâî yardım (sosyal yardım) şubeleriyle ülkenin bütününde yaratabildikleri mâlî ve insanî kaynaklar ile yoksulluğun içselleştirdiği çok boyutlu sorunların çözümlenmesine yönelik katkılar sağlamışlardır. Bu mütevâzı çalışma söz konusu katma değeri birinci el kaynaklara dayalı olarak ortaya koymaktadır.
The Problem of Examination of Psychological Barriers of Younger Teenagers Creative Skills Development in Conditions of Recreation
Authors: Yan Liu , Massanov A.
Published: June 2020

The article is devoted to the discovery of the problem of diagnosing psychological barriers in the development of creative abilities in younger teenagers in a recreational institution. The author argues that the wellness period in children's recreational facilities is the most favourable period for the development of creativity in younger adolescents, as they get new experiences in a new environment, they become more independent and active communication allows them to reveal their personality fully. It is during the holidays that the number of regulations decreases, and more conditions are created to stimulate the creative development of the child. In the article are presented the views of different scientists on the definition of the concepts of "barrier", "psychological barrier", "creative abilities", examined the types of psychological barriers in creative activity. Accordingly, it has been found that sufficient material has been accumulated in psychology to study psychological barriers to creative activity, reflecting various aspects of this topic, but the problem of diagnosing these barriers in adolescence has not been fully addressed. Therefore, as part of the study developed a questionnaire diagnosed with psychological barriers in the development of creative abilities of younger adolescents, taking into account the conditions of children in the recreational facility. Thus, it was found that the younger adolescents are dominated by a moderate degree of expressiveness of psychological barriers, the most pronounced is "self-doubt", "limited opportunities", "no interest", "uncertainty of self-interest", "fear of making a mistake", "fear of the difficulty." It has also been found that younger teenagers have such personality traits as obstacles to self-expression and the use of non-standard solutions as timidity, anxiety, and self-doubt. These traits are the conditions for the emergence of psychological barriers in the situation of involving children in creative activities in order to develop their creative abilities.
Interaction of Teachers and Family in Upbringing of Senior Pre-School Age Children Through Fiction
Authors: Shkrebtiienko L.
Published: June 2020

Based on the analysis of philosophical, psychologically-pedagogical sources the essence and structure of such notions as “patriotic feelings”,” upbringing of patriotic feelings of senior pre-school age children” is specified. Peculiarities of the upbringing of senior pre-school age children’s patriotic feelings using fiction are determined. Based on the analysis and generalization of the researches of the Ukrainian and foreign scientists such components in the structure of the notion“ upbringing of the patriotic feelings“ are selected: cognitive (knowledge about Motherland, symbolic, symbols, traditions), emotionally-valuable (positive attitude to the family, Motherland native language), behavioural (readiness for compassion and empathy for family members, a wish to follow positive behaviour of literary characters in the own livelihoods. As a result of generalization of the researches of the Ukrainian and foreign scientists, it was determined that upbringing of patriotic feelings of the pre-school age children who understand the responsibility for their behaviour is a practical aspect of the manifestation of patriotic behaviour which is realized through moral behaviour and responsibility. This article reveals peculiarities of the interaction of teachers and family in the education of patriotic feelings of children of the senior pre-school age. Principles of activation of the interaction of teachers and family members in the upbringing of patriotic feelings of the pre-school age children using fiction are illuminated, scientific background of the notion “interaction” is characterized, namely: establishing of trustful business contacts with pupils families; providing parents with psychologically-pedagogical information; using fiction as means of the upbringing of patriotic feelings; ensuring regular interaction of children, teachers and parents; attracting family members to the pedagogical process; creating of a subject and the emotionally developmental environment in the family. Directions, forms and methods of the upbringing of patriotic feelings of the pre-school age children using fiction are determined.
School Bullying in Ukraine
Authors: Ferlic Kyle , Zaporozhets Olya
Published: June 2020

School bullying is a phenomenon that was once difficult to define and normalized to many; however, this view has changed in recent decades. School bullying is now understood to be the systematic and repetitive abuse of power by one or many individuals over another. It occurs in many forms, directly and indirectly, and involves a breadth of actions that cause serious harm to the victim. The issue of school bullying has spread across the globe to the extent that the United Nations has taken a stance on the matter in its End Violence Against Children initiative after a published report that 24% of Ukrainian children are facing harassment in schools. A review of the literature on school bullying is outlined, including the definition of bullying, prevalence, leading causes, and consequences. Ukraine school bullying prevalence and recommendations are discussed in light of global and national initiatives and actions. Finally, recommendations are offered in relation to what Ukrainian teachers, parents, and students need to know regarding how to prevent and alleviate the psychological, physiological, biological, and social symptoms that often result from school bullying.
Influence of mobile phase composition and temperature on the retention behavior of selected test substances in diol-type column
Authors: Zapała Wojciech , Ziobrowski Piotr , Zapała Lidia , Chutkowski Marcin
Published: June 2020

In this work the effect of mobile phase composition and temperature on the retention behavior of several test compounds (including non-polar and polar substances) on diol-Acclaim Mixed Mode HILIC-1 column in methanol-water systems with high (RPLC mode) and low (HILIC mode) water content was analyzed. In the studied systems both linear, slightly curved and curved van’t Hoff plots were observed. This indicates, that depending on solute physicochemical properties and mobile phase composition, both single and more complex retention mechanism(s) may influence the retention behavior of tested substances. The possibilities of different retention mechanisms existence (e.g. connected with adsorbent surface heterogeneity, hydrophobic and hydrogen bond interactions) in the analyzed systems have been also discussed.
COPING STRATEGIES BY STROKE CAREGIVERS: EVIDENCE FROM A QUALITATIVE STUDY IN SARAWAK, MALAYSIA
Authors: Md Mizanur Rahman  , Zabidah binti Putit  , Norliza binti Suut  , Mohamad Taha Arif  , Asri bin Said  , Mohd Raili bin Suhaili  , Mohd Fadzillah  , Zainab binti Tambi  , Ling How Kee
Published: June 2020

Caring for stroke survivors is inevitably a burden to caregivers. It is not uncommon for stroke survivors who are discharged from the hospital and found themselves at home without any help and care from the supposed caregivers. However, in instances where there are available and willing caregivers, a sudden and unpredictable task of caring for stroke survivors require the stroke caregivers to apply their coping strategies due to the demanding nature of looking after a survivor. This study aimed to determine coping strategies undertaken by stroke caregivers in caring for stroke survivors. This was an exploratory qualitative study and data was collected from the caregivers of stroke survivor using a semi-structured guided questionnaire. A total of 18 caregivers were included in the study. The data were collected from November 2015 until June 2016 at a selected community rehabilitation centre in Kuching, Sarawak. The qualitative data analysis revealed that the coping strategies undertaken by stroke caregivers include change of role in life, self-motivation, sharing with other people, crying, trying to forget things that happen, hoping survivors will get better, emotion suppression and self-blame. The study highlighted the experiences by the caregivers for caring for stroke patients and focused on the coping strategies undertaken by the caregivers. Better ununderstanding of these experiences does help the service providers to provide better support and resources for caregivers in caring for stroke survivors.
SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION AMONG WOMEN AT FOUR TO SIX MONTHS POSTPARTUM: A STUDY IN A PRIMARY CARE SETTING
Authors: Norafini Salamon  , Syahnaz Mohd Hashim  , Norfazilah Ahmad  , Suzaily Wahab
Published: June 2020

Sexual dysfunction in women is a significant health problem that harms marriage stability. Women in the Western countries were reportedly being affected by this condition after childbirth but the magnitude of the problem in our local setting is still unknown. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine the prevalence of women with sexual dysfunction at four to six months postpartum and its possible risk factors in an urban primary care setting. The participants were given a set of questionnaire, consisting of three parts; i) sociodemographic and maternal characteristics ii) Malay version of Female Sexual Function Index and iii) Malay DASS-21 questionnaire. Responses from 249 women were analyzed. More than half (57.0%,n=142) were found to have sexual dysfunction. The most prevalent types of sexual dysfunction reported by the affected women were sexual satisfaction disorder (98.6%), followed by arousal disorder (58.5%) and lubrication disorder (28.9%). Three factors were found to be significantly associated with sexual dysfunction; household income of less than RM2000 (adj OR = 0.31, 95% CI 0.14, 0.70), Malay ethnic group (adj OR = 1.93,95% CI 1.02, 3.66) and breastfeeding (adj OR = 2.24,95% CI 1.03, 4.85). In conclusion, the prevalence of sexual dysfunction in the postpartum period was considerably high. Efforts should be made to incorporate sexual health as part of the routine postnatal assessment in primary care practice.
EFEKTIVITAS PELATIHAN KETERAMPILAN PENGASUHAN UNTUK MENURUNKAN STRES PENGASUHAN PADA IBU YANG MEMILIKI ANAK RETARDASI MENTAL
Authors: Khoiriyyah Amilatul
Published: June 2020

ABSTRAK: Ibu yang terus menerus mengalami stres akan memperparah keadaaan anak yang mengalami retardasi mental. Hal ini akan berakibat buruk dalam pengasuhan karena stres yang dialami seringkali membuat ibu berperilaku tidak sehat dan tidak positif. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah Pelatihan Keterampilan Pengasuhan dapat menurunkan stres pengasuhan. Metode penelitian ini jenis quasi eksperimen dengan desain single subject. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah Parenting Stress Index-Short Form untuk mengukur stres pengasuhan. Hasil uji Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test diketahui nilai z = 2,668 dengan signifikansi sebesar 0,008 < 0,05 maka disimpulkan bahwa ada perbedaan yang sangat signifikan stres pengasuhan sebelum dan sesudah pemberian Pelatihan Keterampilan Pengasuhan.

 

Kata Kunci: Pelatihan Keterampilan Pengasuhan, stres pengasuhan, ibu yang memiliki anak retardasi mental

 

 

ABSTRACT: Mothers who are constantly experiencing stress will exacerbate the state of children who have mental retardation. This will have a bad effect in care because the stress experienced often makes mothers behave unhealthy. The purpose of this study is to find out whether Parenting Skills Training can reduce parenting stress. This research method is a quasi-experimental type with a single subject design. The measuring instrument used is the Parenting Stress Index-Short Form to measure parental stress. Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test results known value of z = 2.668 with a significance of 0.008 <0.05, it is concluded that there is a very significant difference in parenting stress before and after the Parenting Skill Training.

 

Keywords: Parenting skills training, parenting stress, mothers with mentally retarded children
CONDITION OF HUMORAL IMMUNITY IN PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC DISEASES OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE WITH ACTIVATED CHRONIC SIMPLE HERPETIC INFECTION
Authors: Gaiduchok Igor , Fedorov Yuriy , Lishchuk-Yakymovych Khrystyna , Pukalyak Roman
Published: June 2020

The aim - to study and to analyze the indicators of the humoral link of the immune system in patients with systemic connective tissue diseases with chronic activated HSV 1/2 infection and to assess the effect of the revealed disorders on the development of autoimmune pathology.

Materials and methods. We examined 380 patients with systemic diseases of the connective tissue (systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic vasculitis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis) with chronic HSV 1/2 infection at the age of 21-67 years. In 45 of them, using the modern molecular genetic diagnosis of herpes simplex, the active phase of chronic HSV 1/2 infection was verified based on the results of the polymerase chain reaction, and in the other 335, the latent phase was verified. The control group consisted of 20 healthy individuals of the appropriate age and gender. In patients with systemic connective tissue diseases with chronic HSV 1/2 infection, the humoral immunity indices were studied: levels of complement component C3 and IFN-a in saliva and blood and acquired: concentration of common major immunoglobulinins: IgG, IgM IgA, IgE; specific IgM and IgG to HSV 1/2; levels of cryoglobulins, cryofibrinogen, CІC in serum. Statistical processing of the results of the study was carried out using generally accepted methods of variation statistics.

Results. In patients with systemic diseases of connective tissue with chronic HSV 1/2 infection, activation of the humoral immunity was detected, it was especially evident in the active phase of the infection and was characterized by an increase in the antibody production of specific IgM HSV 1/2 and IgG HSV 1/2, аn increase in the levels of CIC, IgM, IgA and IgE, cryoprecipitation proteins, IFN-a in the blood. In the latent phase of HSV 1/2 infection the levels of IgG production of HSV 1/2, IgE, CEC, cryofibrinogen and cryoglobulins in the blood serum of these patients increased.

Conclusions. The presence of chronic activated HSV 1/2 infection in patients with systemic diseases of the connective tissue causes activation of the humoral immunity, creates the conditions for the development of autoimmune processes.
EXPERIMENTAL CHECK OF OPERATION OF A SINGLE-PHASE TWO-SEMI-PERIOD RECTIFIER
Authors: Черемухин Дмитрий Андреевич
Published: June 2020

В данной статье будут проанализированы процессы в однофазной мостовой выпрямительной цепи с активной нагрузкой; определено среднее значение выпрямленного напряжения (тока) в цепи. Также будет рассчитана частота пульсации выпрямленного напряжения, коэффициент пульсации. Электрическая схема выпрямителя будет смоделирована в программном комплексе Multisim, который позволяет производить необходимые измерения.

This article will analyze processes in a single-phase bridge rectifier circuit with an active load; the average value of the rectified voltage (current) in the circuit is determined. It will also determine the frequency of the ripple of the rectified voltage, the ripple coefficient. The electric circuit of the rectifier will be modeled in the Multisim software package, which allows monitoring the necessary measurements.
TRENDS AND PROBLEMS OF INVESTMENT ACTIVITY IN RUSSIA
Authors: Таштамиров Магомед Русланович
Published: June 2020

Исследование вопросов обеспечения инвестиционной привлекательности национальной экономики выступает актуальной задачей в условиях ухудшения экономической конъюнктуры и нарастания международной напряженности. Цель статьи - определить основные особенности инвестиционной привлекательности национальной экономики России для внешнего инвестора. Представлены показатели, характеризующие инвестиционную активность российской экономики; рассмотрены динамические данные, отражающие негативные тенденции в развитии инвестиционной привлекательности России; выявлены основные проблемы и факторы, оказывающие негативное влияние на инвестиционную позицию России на современном этапе.

The study of issues of ensuring investment attractiveness of the national economy is a pressing task in the context of deteriorating economic conditions and increasing international tensions. The purpose of the article is to determine the main peculiarities of investment attractiveness of the national economy of Russia for an external investor. Indicators characterizing investment activity of the Russian economy are presented; Consideration of dynamic data reflecting negative trends in the development of investment attractiveness of Russia; Main problems and factors that have a negative impact on Russia 's investment position at the current stage have been identified.
TRADE FLOWS BETWEEN CIS COUNTRIES: DOES THE GRAVITY MODEL WORK NOW?
Authors: Чудинова Ольга Сергеевна , Корнейченко Екатерина Николаевна , Чаганова Ольга Борисовна , Ротова Анастасия Михайловна
Published: June 2020

В статье представлены результаты проверки адекватности гравита-ционной модели в условиях глобализации мировой торговли. По статистическим данным для стран СНГ за 2011-2018 годы на основе гравитационной модели исследовано влияние масштаба экономики торговых партнеров и расстояния между странами на объем импорта.

The article presents the results of assessing the adequacy of the gravity model in the context of world trade globalization. According to statistics for the CIS countries for 2011-2018 the effect of size of economies and distance between the countries on import volumes is studied on the basis of gravity model.
MEANINGS OF NAMES IN THE WORKS OF BRITISH WRITERS: NAMES IN J. R. R. TOLKIEN’S FICTION
Authors: Манцаева Айна Новрдиевна , Ибрагимова Фарида Абдулхаевна
Published: June 2020

В данной статье рассматриваются основные тенденции в изучении лингвистических ономастических процессов толкования имен, семантическое положение имен собственных и вероятные последствия, которые имена оказывают на читателей. Цель данной статьи - подчеркнуть актуальность и потенциал литературной ономастики, использование и роль имен в литературных произведениях, а также аспекты именования, которые играют важную роль в сложности и привлекательности художественной литературы. В качестве примера рассматривается новое исследование в области имен из журнала ономастики о том, что делают имена собственные в Средиземье Толкина такими подходящими.

This article discusses the major trends in scholarship about linguistic onomastic processes of construing names, the semantic standing of proper names, and the probable consequences names have on readers. The aim of this paper is to emphasize the relevance and potential of literary onomastics, the employment and role of names in literary works, and naming aspects that are instrumental in the complexity and appeal of the fiction. As examples, we examine a new research in Names from the Journal of Onomastics about what makes the proper names of Tolkien’s Middle-Earth so fitting.
SPEECH PLAY AS A MEANS OF FORMING GRAMMAR SKILLS IN STUDENTS OF LOWER AND MIDDLE CLASSES OF comprehensive school
Authors: Мурашова Евгения Анатольевна
Published: June 2020

В статье рассматривается значение речевой игры для освоения грамматики немецкого языка как важного компонента формирования коммуникативной компетенции учащихся младших и средних классов СОШ. Описываются алгоритм, формы и классификация речевых игр, направленных на формирование грамматических навыков и стимулирование речевой деятельности учащихся.

The article examines the importance of speech play for the mastery of German grammar as an important component of the formation of communicative competence of students of junior and secondary classes of high comprehensive school. Algorithm, forms and classification of speech games aimed at formation of grammar skills and stimulation of speech activity of students are described.
INTERRELATION OF FEATURES OF FORMATION OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE OF TEENAGERS AND TYPE OF PARENT-CHILD RELATIONSHIP
Authors: Колчанова Юлия Сергеевна , Ротманова Наталья Валерьевна
Published: June 2020

Исследование посвящено различию показателей эмоционального интеллекта старших подростков в семьях с различными типами воспитания. Проведен теоретический анализ концепций структуры эмоционального интеллекта и методик оценки его уровня. Эмпирическая часть выполнена с помощью методик ЭмИн Д.В. Люсина, методики ТЭИ Е.А. Сергеевой и «Поведение родителей и отношение подростков к ним» Е. Шафера.

The aim of our work is to study the differences in the indicators of emotional intelligence of older adolescents in families with different predominant types of education. A theoretical analysis of existing concepts of the structure of emotional intelligence and methods for assessing its level is carried out. Emotional intelligence was assessed with the EmIn Questionnaire by Dmitriy Lyusin and the Emotional intelligence test by E. A. Sergeeva. The types of the parents-children relationships were analysed with the method ADOR E. Schaefer.
THE RESULTS OF LABORATORY AND ANALYTICAL STUDIES OF RIVER WATERS OF THE KREMICHENKA VALLEY
Authors: Буркин Евгений Игоревич
Published: June 2020

В статье приведены сведения о физико-химических свойствах речных вод малой реки юга Московской области, оценена степень антропогенного воздействия, предложены меры по охране вод и предупреждению загрязнений.

The article provides information on the physicochemical properties of river waters of a small river in the south of the Moscow Region, assesses the degree of anthropogenic impact, suggests measures to protect water and prevent pollution.
Postcentral Topectomy for Pain Relief: A Historical Review and Possible Improvements
Authors: Challener Timothy , Favorov Oleg
Published: June 2020

Postcentral topectomy is a neurosurgical procedure, practiced in the mid-20th century, in which surgical ablations of the primary somatosensory cortex were used as a therapeutic means of treating patients suffering from intractable chronic pain. While successful in curing some—but not all—patients, the procedure was poorly understood and eventually became displaced by methods that more consistently stopped patient complaints of pain, such as opiates and frontal lobotomies. However, a more recent discovery of a nociresponsive region in the transitional zone between the primary somatosensory cortex and the primary motor cortex (lying in Brodmann Area 3a anterior to its better known proprioceptive region) raises the possibility that the outcome of postcentral topectomy depended in each patient on whether the ablation extended deep enough into the central sulcus to remove this cortical region. Here we review every postcentral topectomy case we could find in the neurosurgical literature in order to evaluate its past effectiveness and to reassess its potential in light of modern knowledge of the cerebral cortex. We found 17 full-text reports from 16 different surgical teams describing outcomes of the procedure in 27 patients. Among those, in only 5 patients the procedure either failed to abolish the targeted chronic pain or the pain returned to its preoperational levels several weeks or months after the surgery. In the other 22 patients, their pain stayed abolished or at least significantly reduced as of the last evaluation by the treating physician (which was one year or more for 9 patients). We propose that the probability of a successful outcome might be brought to near 100% by selective targeting—guided by functional imaging—of the nociresponsive region in Area 3a.
The Black Sea Flexopecten species-complex (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Pectinidae): Shell morphology and 16S rDNA variation
Authors: Slynko Yuriy V. , Slynko Elena E. , Schurov Sergey V. , Ryabushko Vitaliy I.
Published: June 2020

The taxonomic status and population variability of a Black Sea scallop (Flexopecten: Mollusca, Pectinidae) was evaluated in a DNA barcoding study using the 16S ribosomal DNA gene (=16S rDNA), in conjunction with seven morphological features of the shell. We conclude that the Black Sea form represents an eastern extension of the Mediterranean scallop F. glaber (Linnaeus, 1758). It is characterized by a significant lack of genetic variability when compared to the Mediterranean form, although it does contain new haplotypes not found in that species. There is also an increase in the mismatch in the distribution of nucleotides for the Black Sea form when compared with pooled samples of Mediterranean scallop. Plausible reasons for the observed phenomena are hypothesized from the standpoint of the epigenetic theory of evolution and the time since the scallop penetrated into the Black Sea. The lack of genetic variability is potentially due to founder effect and genetic drift.
PENGARUH TEKNOLOGI PEMBELAJARAN KULIAH ONLINE DI ERA COVID-19 DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP MENTAL MAHASISWA
Authors: Watnaya Agus kusnayat , Muiz Mohammad hifzul , Nani Sumarni  , Mansyur Agus salim , Zaqiah Qiqi yulianti
Published: June 2020

Awal virus corona ditemukan ketika ada penduduk kota Wuhan Cina terjangkit.Penyakit disebabkan oleh virus SARS-CoV-2, sebelumnya orang beranggapan gejala yang dialami sebagai flu biasa, sampai WHO mendeklarasikan pandemi COVID-19. Sampai tanggal 26 Mei 2020, ada 5.406.282 kasus, termasuk 343.562 kematian. Penelitian menggunakan metode mixed methods, dengan melakukan analisa statistik parametris dan non parametris dilanjutkan deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian di kampus Telkom University dan UIN SGD Bandung menunjukkan sekitar 60.5 % mahasiswa siap beradaptasi dengan penggunaan teknologi pembelajaran perkuliahan online tetapi sekitar 59.5 % keberatan atas tugas yang diberikan dosen yang berakibat tingkat stress mahasiswa sekitar 60 %. Kalau hal ini dibiarkan terus akan berakibat fatal dalam perkembangan kejiwaan mahasiswa, dan sebanyak 92 % mahasiswa memilih dan lebih suka perkuliahan tatap muka di kelas di banding perkuliahan online. Sehingga penelitian ini ada hubungan yang erat antara perkuliahan online dengan sikap mental mahasiswa.

 

Kata kunci: Teknologi pembelajaran, kuliah online, COVD-19, stres, kejiwaan
Model-oriented design in the creation of a lifting mechanism and its drive
Authors: Shestakov I. V. , Safin N. R.
Published: June 2020

A model of a crane-manipulator unit implemented in the MATLAB package is presented. The model includes hydraulic, mechanical, and electrical parts with a control system and allows transient processes in individual sections to be comprehensively studied. In the course of the research, a semi-realistic simulation was performed on a “real-time machine”. The simulation results, including the output characteristics and transients of the operation of the crane-manipulator unit, are presented.
Factors Associated with the Quality of Life of People Living with HIV/AIDS
Authors: Andrade Maria Sandra , Pinho Clarissa Mourão , Soares Aline Ferreira Targino , Gomes Eduardo Tavares , Dourado Cynthia Angélica Ramos de Oliveira , Silva Mônica Alice Santos , Quirino Evelyn Maria Braga , Lima Morgana Cristina Leôncio , Lima César Andrade , Oliveira Regina Celia
Published: June 2020

Purposes: Evaluate the quality of life and the associated factors in people living with HIV.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach and random sample selection, carried out in two Specialized Assistance Services, with 356 people living with HIV. The comparison between the domain scores was performed using the student t test, ANOVA and Pearson’s correlation. Multiple linear regression was used to assess the contribution of variables to the outcome quality of life using the stepwise method.

Results: The domains that showed the best results in averages were Psychological (17.0), Social Relations (14.9) and Level of Independence (14.0). The domain that had the greatest determination was the Psychological (R² = 0.49), followed by Social Relations (R² = 0.434), the lowest determination was the Spirituality domain (R² = 0.270). No domain had a score considered high.

Conclusion: The quality of life presented unsatisfactory results, especially in the Physical, Environment and Spirituality domains. The need to formulate strategies aimed at coping with HIV and increasing the quality of life of people living with HIV is evident.
INTERNAL BENCHMARKING IN RETAILING WITH DEA AND GIS: THE CASE OF A LOYALTY-ORIENTED SUPERMARKET CHAIN
Authors: Baviera-Puig Amparo , Baviera Tomás , Buitrago-Vera Juan , Escribá-Pérez Carmen
Published: June 2020

Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is a relative measure of efficiency applied to a set of decision units
and is being used more and more frequently in the supermarket sector. Nonetheless, given how strongly the sector’s financials
depend on demand, companies need to combine this measurement with trade area information to best manage corporate efficiency.
In this paper, the proposal consists of integrating DEA with a clearly articulated, structural typology so that supermarkets,
based on their particular characteristics, can determine which variables are most critical for improving their efficiency.
This methodology has been validated in the case of one of Spain’s five largest supermarket chains. A principal component
analysis and a classification analysis were carried out on a series of internal management variables from 61 locations for
which DEA had been used to calculate efficiency and to which multiple trade area variables were added using GIS. Some of them
are related to the loyalty scheme membership programme. These latter variables described the implantation of the loyalty scheme
member programme and were revealed as key elements for the efficiency of the supermarket. This methodology provides marketing
profiles that are more adapted to local circumstances, thus allowing companies to set better internal benchmarking objectives.
FAIR FACILITY ALLOCATION IN EMERGENCY SERVICE SYSTEM
Authors: Janáček Jaroslav , Gábrišová Lýdia , Plevný Miroslav
Published: June 2020

The request of equal accessibility must be respected to some extent when dealing with problems of designing or rebuilding of emergency service systems. Not only the disutility of the average user but also the disutility of the worst situated user must be taken into consideration. Respecting this principle is called fairness of system design. Unfairness can be mitigated to a certain extent by an appropriate fair allocation of additional facilities among the centres. In this article, two criteria of collective fairness are defined in the connection with the facility allocation problem. To solve the problems, we suggest a series of fast algorithms for solving of the allocation problem. This article extends the family of the original solving techniques based on branch-and-bound principle by newly suggested techniques, which exploit either dynamic programming principle or convexity and monotony of decreasing nonlinearities in objective functions. The resulting algorithms were tested and compared performing numerical experiments with real-sized problem instances. The new proposed algorithms outperform the original approach. The suggested methods are able to solve general min-sum and min-max problems, in which a limited number of facilities should be assigned to individual members from a finite set of providers.
The PHOENIX Exoplanet Retrieval Algorithm and Using H− Opacity as a Probe in Ultrahot Jupiters
Authors: Lothringer Joshua D. , Barman Travis S.
Published: June 2020

Atmospheric retrievals are now a standard tool to analyze observations of exoplanet atmospheres. This data-driven approach quantitatively compares atmospheric models to observations in order to estimate atmospheric properties and their uncertainties. In this paper, we introduce a new retrieval package, the PHOENIX Exoplanet Retrieval Algorithm (PETRA). PETRA places the PHOENIX atmosphere model in a retrieval framework, allowing us to combine the strengths of a well-tested and widely-used atmosphere model with the advantages of retrieval algorithms. We validate PETRA by retrieving on simulated data for which the true atmospheric state is known. We also show that PETRA can successfully reproduce results from previously published retrievals of WASP-43b and HD 209458b. For the WASP-43b results, we show the effect that different line lists and line profile treatments have on the retrieved atmospheric properties. Lastly, we describe a novel technique for retrieving the temperature structure and e
− density in ultrahot Jupiters using H− opacity, allowing us to probe atmospheres devoid of most molecular features with the James Webb Space Telescope.
The Bright Reverse Shock Emission in the Optical Afterglows of Gamma-Ray Bursts in a Stratified Medium
Authors: Yi Shuang-Xi , Wu Xue-Feng , Zou Yuan-Chuan , Dai Zi-Gao
Published: June 2020

The reverse shock (RS) model is generally introduced to interpret the optical afterglows with the rapid rising and decaying, such as the early optical afterglow of GRB 990123 (which is also called the optical flash). In this paper, we collected 11 gamma-ray burst (GRB) early optical afterglows, which have signatures of dominant RS emission. Since the temporal slopes of the optical flashes are determined by both the medium density distribution index k and the electron spectral index p, we apply the RS model of the thin shell case to the optical flashes and determine the ambient medium of the progenitors. We find that the k value is in the range of 0–1.5. The k value in this paper is consistent with the result in Yi et al., where the forward shock model was applied to some onset bumps. However, the method adopted in this paper is only applicable to GRB afterglows with significant sharp rising and decaying RS emission. Our results indicate that the RS model can also be applied to confirm the circumburst medium, further implying that GRBs may have diverse circumburst media.
Quasar Microlensing Variability Studies Favor Shallow Accretion Disk Temperature Profiles
Authors: Cornachione Matthew A. , Morgan Christopher W.
Published: June 2020

We compare the microlensing-based continuum emission region size measurements in a sample of 15 gravitationally lensed quasars with estimates of luminosity-based thin disk sizes to constrain the temperature profile of the quasar continuum accretion region. If we adopt the standard thin disk model, we find a significant discrepancy between sizes estimated using the luminosity and those measured by microlensing of log(r

L
/r

μ
) = −0.57 ± 0.08 dex. If quasar continuum sources are simple, optically thick accretion disks with a generalized temperature profile

T
(
r
)
∝

r

−
β

, the discrepancy between the microlensing measurements and the luminosity-based size estimates can be resolved by a temperature profile slope 0.37 < β < 0.56 at 1σ confidence. This is shallower than the standard thin disk model (β = 0.75) at 3σ significance. We consider alternate accretion disk models that could produce such a temperature profile and reproduce the empirical continuum size scaling with black hole mass, including disk winds or disks with nonblackbody atmospheres.
Measuring Turbulent Motion in Planet-forming Disks with ALMA: A Detection around DM Tau and Nondetections around MWC 480 and V4046 Sgr
Authors: Flaherty Kevin , Hughes A. Meredith , Simon Jacob B. , Qi Chunhua , Bai Xue-Ning , Bulatek Alyssa , Andrews Sean M. , Wilner David J. , Kóspál Ágnes
Published: June 2020

Turbulence is a crucial factor in many models of planet formation, but it has only been directly constrained among a small number of planet-forming disks. Building on the upper limits on turbulence placed in disks around HD 163296 and TW Hya, we present ALMA CO J = 2–1 line observations at ∼0.″3 (20–50 au) resolution and 80 ms−1 channel spacing of the disks around DM Tau, MWC 480, and V4046 Sgr. Using parametric models of disk structure, we robustly detect nonthermal gas motions around DM Tau of between 0.25c

s
and 0.33c

s
, with the range dominated by systematic effects, making this one of the only systems with directly measured nonzero turbulence. Using the same methodology, we place stringent upper limits on the nonthermal gas motion around MWC 480 (<0.08c

s
) and V4046 Sgr (<0.12c

s
). The preponderance of upper limits in this small sample and the modest turbulence levels consistent with dust studies suggest that weak turbulence (α ≲ 10−3) may be a common, albeit not universal, feature of planet-forming disks. We explore the particular physical conditions around DM Tau that could lead this system to be more turbulent than the others.
Studies in Astronomical Time-series Analysis. VII. An Enquiry Concerning Nonlinearity, the rms–Mean Flux Relation, and Lognormal Flux Distributions
Authors: Scargle Jeffrey D.
Published: June 2020

A broad and widely used class of stationary, linear, additive time-series models can have statistical properties that many authors have asserted imply that the underlying process must be nonlinear, nonstationary, multiplicative, or inconsistent with shot noise. This result is demonstrated with exact and numerical evaluation of the model flux distribution function and dependence of flux standard deviation on mean flux (here and in the literature called the rms–flux relation). These models can (1) exhibit normal, lognormal, or other flux distributions; (2) show linear or slightly nonlinear rms–mean flux dependencies; and (3) match arbitrary second-order statistics of the time-series data. Accordingly, the above assertions cannot be made on the basis of statistical time-series analysis alone. Also discussed are ambiguities in the meaning of terms relevant to this study—linear, stationary, and multiplicative—and functions that can transform observed fluxes to a normal distribution as well as or better than the logarithm.
SCUBA-2 Ultra Deep Imaging EAO Survey (STUDIES). IV. Spatial Clustering and Halo Masses of Submillimeter Galaxies
Authors: Lim Chen-Fatt , Chen Chian-Chou , Smail Ian , Wang Wei-Hao , Tee Wei-Leong , Lin Yen-Ting , Scott Douglas , Toba Yoshiki , Chang Yu-Yen , Ao YiPing , Babul Arif , Bunker Andy , Chapman Scott C. , Clements David L. , Conselice Christopher J. , Gao Yu , Greve Thomas R. , Ho Luis C. , Hong Sungwook E. , Hwang Ho Seong , Koprowski Maciej , Michałowski Michał J. , Shim Hyunjin , Shu Xinwen , Simpson James M.
Published: June 2020

We analyze an extremely deep 450 μm image (1σ = 0.56 mJy beam−1) of a ≃300 arcmin2 area in the CANDELS/COSMOS field as part of the Sub-millimeter Common User Bolometric Array-2 Ultra Deep Imaging EAO Survey. We select a robust (signal-to-noise ratio ≥4) and flux-limited (≥4 mJy) sample of 164 submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) at 450 μm that have K-band counterparts in the COSMOS2015 catalog identified from radio or mid-infrared imaging. Utilizing this SMG sample and the 4705 K-band-selected non-SMGs that reside within the noise level ≤1 mJy beam−1 region of the 450 μm image as a training set, we develop a machine-learning classifier using K-band magnitude and color–color pairs based on the 13-band photometry available in this field. We apply the trained machine-learning classifier to the wider COSMOS field (1.6 deg2) using the same COSMOS2015 catalog and identify a sample of 6182 SMG candidates with similar colors. The number density, radio and/or mid-infrared detection rates, redshift and stellar-mass distributions, and the stacked 450 μm fluxes of these SMG candidates, from the S2COSMOS observations of the wide field, agree with the measurements made in the much smaller CANDELS field, supporting the effectiveness of the classifier. Using this SMG candidate sample, we measure the two-point autocorrelation functions from z = 3 down to z = 0.5. We find that the SMG candidates reside in halos with masses of ≃(2.0 ± 0.5) × 1013
h
−1
M
☉ across this redshift range. We do not find evidence of downsizing that has been suggested by other recent observational studies.
The Flare-dominated Accretion Mode of a Radio-bright Candidate Transitional Millisecond Pulsar
Authors: Li Kwan-Lok , Strader Jay , Miller-Jones James C. A. , Heinke Craig O. , Chomiuk Laura
Published: June 2020

We report new simultaneous X-ray and radio continuum observations of 3FGL J0427.9−6704, a candidate member of the enigmatic class of transitional millisecond pulsars. These XMM-Newton and Australia Telescope Compact Array observations of this nearly edge-on, eclipsing low-mass X-ray binary were taken in the sub-luminous disk state at an X-ray luminosity of

erg s−1. Unlike the few well-studied transitional millisecond pulsars, which spend most of their disk state in a characteristic high or low accretion mode with occasional flares, 3FGL J0427.9−6704 stayed in the flare mode for the entire X-ray observation of ∼20 hr, with the brightest flares reaching ∼2 × 1034 erg s−1. The source continuously exhibited flaring activity on timescales of ∼10–100 s in both the X-ray and optical/ultraviolet (UV). No measurable time delay between the X-ray and optical/UV flares is observed, but the optical/UV flares last longer, and the relative amplitudes of the X-ray and optical/UV flares show a large scatter. The X-ray spectrum can be well-fit with a partially absorbed power law (Γ ∼ 1.4–1.5), perhaps due to the edge-on viewing angle. Modestly variable radio continuum emission is present at all epochs, and is not eclipsed by the secondary, consistent with the presence of a steady radio outflow or jet. The simultaneous radio/X-ray luminosity ratio of 3FGL J0427.9−6704 is higher than any known transitional millisecond pulsars and comparable to that of stellar-mass black holes of the same X-ray luminosity, providing additional evidence that some neutron stars can be as radio-loud as black holes.
Gap-type Particle Acceleration in the Magnetospheres of Rotating Supermassive Black Holes
Authors: Katsoulakos Grigorios , Rieger Frank M.
Published: June 2020

The detection of rapidly variable gamma-ray emission in active galactic nuclei has generated renewed interest in magnetospheric particle acceleration and emission scenarios. In order to explore its potential, we study the possibility of steady gap acceleration around the null surface of a rotating black hole magnetosphere. We employ a simplified (1D) description along with the general relativistic expression of Gauss’s law, and we assume that the gap is embedded in the radiation field of a radiatively inefficient accretion flow. The model is used to derive expressions for the radial distribution of the parallel electric field component, the electron and positron charge density, the particle Lorentz factor, and the number density of γ-ray photons. We integrate the set of equations numerically, imposing suitable boundary conditions. The results show that the existence of a steady gap solution for a relative high value of the global current is in principle possible if charge injection of both species is allowed at the boundaries. We present gap solutions for different choices of the global current and the accretion rate. When put in context, our results suggest that the variable very-high-energy γ-ray emission in M87 could be compatible with a magnetospheric origin.
A Deep CFHT Optical Search for a Counterpart to the Possible Neutron Star–Black Hole Merger GW190814
Authors: Vieira Nicholas , Ruan John J. , Haggard Daryl , Drout Maria R. , Nynka Melania C. , Boyce Hope , Spekkens Kristine , Safi-Harb Samar , Carlberg Raymond G. , Fernández Rodrigo , Piro Anthony L. , Afsariardchi Niloufar , Moon Dae-Sik
Published: June 2020

We present a wide-field optical imaging search for electromagnetic counterparts to the likely neutron star–black hole (NS–BH) merger GW190814/S190814bv. This compact binary merger was detected through gravitational waves by the LIGO/Virgo interferometers, with masses suggestive of an NS–BH merger. We imaged the LIGO/Virgo localization region using the MegaCam instrument on the Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope (CFHT). We describe our hybrid observing strategy of both tiling and galaxy-targeted observations, as well as our image differencing and transient detection pipeline. Our observing campaign produced some of the deepest multiband images of the region between 1.7 and 8.7 days post-merger, reaching a 5σ depth of g > 22.8 (AB mag) at 1.7 days and i > 23.1 and i > 23.9 at 3.7 and 8.7 days, respectively. These observations cover a mean total integrated probability of 67.0% of the localization region. We find no compelling candidate transient counterparts to this merger in our images, which suggests that the lighter object was tidally disrupted inside of the BH’s innermost stable circular orbit, the transient lies outside of the observed sky footprint, or the lighter object is a low-mass BH. We use 5σ source detection upper limits from our images in the NS–BH interpretation of this merger to constrain the mass of the kilonova ejecta to be M
ej ≲ 0. 015M
⊙ for a “blue” (

) kilonova and M
ej ≲ 0. 04M
⊙ for a “red” (

) kilonova. Our observations emphasize the key role of large-aperture telescopes and wide-field imagers such as CFHT MegaCam in enabling deep searches for electromagnetic counterparts to gravitational-wave events.