bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Crystal structure of the Arabidopsis SPIRAL2 C-terminal domain reveals a p80-Katanin-like domain
Authors: Bolhuis Derek L. , Dixit Ram , Slep Kevin C.
Published: December 2023

Epidermal cells of dark-grown plant seedlings reorient their cortical microtubule arrays in response to blue light from a net lateral orientation to a net longitudinal orientation with respect to the long axis of cells. The molecular mechanism underlying this microtubule array reorientation involves katanin, a microtubule severing enzyme, and a plant-specific microtubule associated protein called SPIRAL2. Katanin preferentially severs longitudinal microtubules, generating seeds that amplify the longitudinal array. Upon severing, SPIRAL2 binds nascent microtubule minus ends and limits their dynamics, thereby stabilizing the longitudinal array while the lateral array undergoes net depolymerization. To date, no experimental structural information is available for SPIRAL2 to help inform its mechanism. To gain insight into SPIRAL2 structure and function, we determined a 1.8 Å resolution crystal structure of the Arabidopsis thaliana SPIRAL2 C-terminal domain. The domain is composed of seven core α-helices, arranged in an α-solenoid. Amino-acid sequence conservation maps primarily to one face of the domain involving helices α1, α3, α5, and an extended loop, the α6-α7 loop. The domain fold is similar to, yet structurally distinct from the C-terminal domain of Ge-1 (an mRNA decapping complex factor involved in P-body localization) and, surprisingly, the C-terminal domain of the katanin p80 regulatory subunit. The katanin p80 C-terminal domain heterodimerizes with the MIT domain of the katanin p60 catalytic subunit, and in metazoans, binds the microtubule minus-end factors CAMSAP3 and ASPM. Structural analysis predicts that SPIRAL2 does not engage katanin p60 in a mode homologous to katanin p80. The SPIRAL2 structure highlights an interesting evolutionary convergence of domain architecture and microtubule minus-end localization between SPIRAL2 and katanin complexes, and establishes a foundation upon which structure-function analysis can be conducted to elucidate the role of this domain in the regulation of plant microtubule arrays.
Left-dominance for resting-state temporal low-gamma power in children with impaired word-decoding and without comorbid ADHD
Authors: Lasnick Oliver H. M. , Hancock Roeland , Hoeft Fumiko
Published: December 2023

One theory of the origins of reading disorders (i.e., dyslexia) is a language network which cannot effectively ‘entrain’ to speech, with cascading effects on the development of phonological skills. Low-gamma (low-γ, 30–45 Hz) neural activity, particularly in the left hemisphere, is thought to correspond to tracking at phonemic rates in speech. The main goals of the current study were to investigate temporal low-γ band-power during rest in a sample of children and adolescents with and without reading disorder (RD). Using a Bayesian statistical approach to analyze the power spectral density of EEG data, we examined whether (1) resting-state temporal low-γ power was attenuated in the left temporal region in RD; (2) low-γ power covaried with individual reading performance; (3) low-γ temporal lateralization was atypical in RD. Contrary to our expectations, results did not support the hypothesized effects of RD status and poor decoding ability on left hemisphere low-γ power or lateralization: post-hoc tests revealed that the lack of atypicality in the RD group was not due to the inclusion of those with comorbid attentional deficits. However, post-hoc tests also revealed a specific left-dominance for low-γ rhythms in children with reading deficits only, when participants with comorbid attentional deficits were excluded. We also observed an inverse relationship between decoding and left-lateralization in the controls, such that those with better decoding skills were less likely to show left-lateralization. We discuss these unexpected findings in the context of prior theoretical frameworks on temporal sampling. These results may reflect the importance of real-time language processing to evoke gamma rhythms in the phonemic range during childhood and adolescence.
A global exploratory comparison of country self-citations 1996-2019
Authors: Baccini Alberto , Petrovich Eugenio
Published: December 2023

Self-citations are a key topic in evaluative bibliometrics because they can artificially inflate citation-related performance indicators. Recently, self-citations defined at the largest scale, i.e., country self-citations, have started to attract the attention of researchers and policymakers. According to a recent research, in fact, the anomalous trends in the country self-citation rates of some countries, such as Italy, have been induced by the distorting effect of citation metrics-centered science policies. In the present study, we investigate the trends of country self-citations in 50 countries over the world in the period 1996-2019 using Scopus data. Results show that for most countries country self-citations have decreased over time. 12 countries (Colombia, Egypt, Indonesia, Iran, Italy, Malaysia, Pakistan, Romania, Russian Federation, Saudi Arabia, Thailand, and Ukraine), however, exhibit different behavior, with anomalous trends of self-citations. We argue that these anomalies should be attributed to the aggressive science policies adopted by these countries in recent years, which are all characterized by direct or indirect incentives for citations. Our analysis confirms that when bibliometric indicators are integrated into systems of incentives, they are capable of affecting rapidly and visibly the citation behavior of entire countries.
Epidemiological characterization of ischemic heart disease at different altitudes: A nationwide population-based analysis from 2011 to 2021 in Ecuador
Authors: Ortiz-Prado Esteban , Izquierdo-Condoy Juan S. , Fernández-Naranjo Raúl , Vásconez-González Jorge , Cano Leonardo , González Ana Carolina , Morales-Lapo Estefanía , Guerrero-Castillo Galo S. , Duque Erick , Rosero Maria Gabriela Davila , Egas Diego , Viscor Ginés
Published: December 2023

Background

Cardiovascular diseases, including ischemic heart disease, are the leading cause of premature death and disability worldwide. While traditional risk factors such as smoking, obesity, and diabetes have been thoroughly investigated, non-traditional risk factors like high-altitude exposure remain underexplored. This study aims to examine the incidence and mortality rates of ischemic heart disease over the past decade in Ecuador, a country with a diverse altitude profile spanning from 0 to 4,300 meters.

Methods

We conducted a geographic distribution analysis of ischemic heart disease in Ecuador, utilizing hospital discharge and mortality data from the National Institute of Census and Statistics for the years 2011–2021. Altitude exposure was categorized according to two distinct classifications: the traditional division into low (< 2,500 m) and high (> 2,500 m) altitudes, as well as the classification proposed by the International Society of Mountain Medicine, which delineates low (< 1,500 m), moderate (1,500–2,500 m), high (2,500–3,500 m), and very high (3,500–5,800 m) altitudes.

Findings

From 2011–2021, we analyzed 49,765 IHD-related hospital admissions and 62,620 deaths. Men had an age-adjusted incidence rate of 55.08/100,000 and a mortality rate of 47.2/100,000, compared to 20.77/100,000 and 34.8/100,000 in women. Incidence and mortality surged in 2020 by 83% in men and 75% in women. Altitudinal stratification revealed higher IHD rates at lower altitudes (<2500 m), averaging 61.65 and 121.8 per 100,000 for incidence and mortality, which declined to 25.9 and 38.5 at elevations >2500 m. Men had more pronounced rates across altitudes, exhibiting 138.7% and 150.0% higher incidence at low and high altitudes respectively, and mortality rates increased by 48.3% at low altitudes and 23.2% at high altitudes relative to women.

Conclusion

Ecuador bears a significant burden of ischemic heart disease (IHD), with men being more affected than women in terms of incidence. However, women have a higher percentage of mortality post-hospital admission. Regarding elevation, our analysis, using two different altitude cutoff points, reveals higher mortality rates in low-altitude regions compared to high-altitude areas, suggesting a potential protective effect of high elevation on IHD risk. Nevertheless, a definitive dose-response relationship between high altitude and reduced IHD risk could not be conclusively established.
Determinants of wheat residue burning: Evidence from India
Authors: Lopes Adrian A. , Tasneem Dina , Viriyavipart Ajalavat
Published: December 2023

Postharvest crop residue burning (CRB) is a major policy issue in several developing countries because of harmful environmental and public health consequences. While the literature has extensively examined the reasons for rice CRB, much less is known about wheat residue management. This paper explores the drivers of CRB of wheat in India and relates it to farmers’ prior decisions related to CRB of rice in the preceding season. Using primary data on residue management practices of 301 Indian farmers, whom we tracked over two consecutive harvests of rice (2018) and wheat (2019), we find that farmers are significantly more likely to burn wheat residue if they had previously burned rice residue. The possibility of this linkage or spillover increases the likelihood of wheat residue burning by 15.6 to 21 percent. Furthermore, farmers are undertaking wheat CRB despite the positive net benefit of choosing non-burning alternatives to manage crop residue. Our results suggest that ensuring well-functioning markets for crop residue, awareness campaigns, and recognition of spillover effects of residue management across crops over time can enable policies to promote pro-environmental postharvest choices.
Atrial fibrillation as a novel risk factor for retinal stroke: A protocol for a population-based retrospective cohort study
Authors: Lusk Jay B. , Wilson Lauren , Nalwade Vinit , Song Ailin , Schrag Matthew , Biousse Valerie , Li Fan , Poli Sven , Piccini Jonathan , Xian Ying , O’Brien Emily , Mac Grory Brian
Published: December 2023

Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO; retinal stroke or eye stroke) is an under-recognized, disabling form of acute ischemic stroke which causes severe visual loss in one eye. The classical risk factor for CRAO is ipsilateral carotid stenosis; however, nearly half of patients with CRAO do not have high-grade carotid stenosis, suggesting that other cardiovascular risk factors may exist for CRAO. Specifically, prior studies have suggested that cardioembolism, driven by underlying atrial fibrillation, may predispose patients to CRAO. We describe the design of an observational, population-based study in this protocol. We evaluate two specific objectives: 1) To determine if atrial fibrillation is an independent risk factor for CRAO after adjusting for medical and cardiovascular risk; 2) To determine if use of oral anticoagulation can modify the risk of CRAO for patients with atrial fibrillation. This protocol lays out our strategy for cohort definition, case and control definition, comorbidity ascertainment, and statistical methods.
Genetic diversity and phylogeography of Phlebotomus argentipes (Diptera: Psychodidae, Phlebotominae), using COI and ND4 mitochondrial gene sequences
Authors: Wedage W. Methsala Madurangi , Harischandra Iresha N. , Weerasena O. V. D. S. Jagathpriya , De Silva B. G. D. N. K.
Published: December 2023

Background

Phlebotomus argentipes complex is the primary vector for cutaneous leishmaniasis, a burgeoning health concern in contemporary Sri Lanka, where effective vector control is important for proper disease management. Understanding the genetic diversity of the P. argentipes population in Sri Lanka is vital before implementing a successful vector control program. Various studies have indicated that genetic divergence, caused by genetic drift or selection, can significantly influence the vector capacity of arthropod species. To devise innovative control strategies for P. argentipes, exploring genetic diversity and phylogeography can offer valuable insights into vector competence, key genetic trait transfer, and impact on disease epidemiology. The primary objective is to analyze the genetic diversity and phylogeography of the P. argentipes complex in Sri Lanka, based on two mitochondrial genomic regions in modern representatives of P. argentipes populations.

Methodology

A total of 159 P. argentipes specimens were collected from five endemic areas of cutaneous leishmaniasis and identified morphologically. Two mitochondrial regions (Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 (ND4) were amplified using the total DNA and subsequently sequenced. Partial sequences of those mitochondrial genes were utilized to analyze genetic diversity indices and to explore phylogenetic and phylogeographic relationships.

Principal findings

Among five sampling locations, the highest genetic diversity for COI and ND4 was observed in Hambantota (Hd—0.749, π—0.00417) and Medirigiriya (Hd—0.977, π—0.01055), respectively. Phylogeographic analyses conducted using COI sequences and GenBank retrieved sequences demonstrated a significant divergence of P. argentipes haplotypes found in Sri Lanka. Results revealed that they have evolved from the Indian ancestral haplotype due to historical- geographical connections of the Indian subcontinent with Sri Lanka.

Conclusions

Utilizing high-mutation-rate mitochondrial genes, such as ND4, can enhance the accuracy of genetic variability analysis in P. argentipes populations in Sri Lanka. The phylogeographical analysis of COI gene markers in this study provides insights into the historical geographical relationship between India and P. argentipes in Sri Lanka. Both COI and ND4 genes exhibited consistent genetic homogeneity in P. argentipes in Sri Lanka, suggesting minimal impact on gene flow. This homogeneity also implies the potential for horizontal gene transfer across populations, facilitating the transmission of genes associated with traits like insecticide resistance. This dynamic undermines disease control efforts reliant on vector control strategies.
Suicide trends in Denmark—An ecological study exploring suicide methods from 1995 to 2019
Authors: Konieczna Agnieszka , Larsen Christina Petrea , Jakobsen Sarah Grube , Okuda Taro , Moriyama Karin , Mere Winibaldus Stefanus , Christiansen Erik
Published: December 2023

Suicide is a major public health problem and complex phenomenon, affecting many people around the world. However, the incidence of suicide varies by sex and age, which includes differences in the means used. Therefore, to implement effective preventative interventions, it is important to study these differences to design effective, preventative interventions. This study investigates the trends in suicide rates in Denmark from 1995 to 2019 by analysing changes based on sex, age, and the means used for suicide. Data on all suicide deaths in the study period were extracted from the Danish Register of Causes of Death, and data on the background population were obtained from Statistics Denmark. We used negative binomial regression models to analyse the data, and the obtained estimates as a logarithm of the rate ratios allowed us to compare the results across groups and years. An overall decline in Danish suicide rates was observed during the study period, with the exception of young females aged 15–29 years. The demographic composition did not change significantly, and suicide rates are still highest for males and the elderly aged 60+. Hanging, self-poisoning and firearms remain the most prevalent means of suicide. Suicide prevention initiatives are required, especially interventions targeting males and the elderly. Restricting access to the means of suicide for these groups with high fatality rates may help reduce the overall suicide rate. Moreover, more research is needed to understand the factors that lead to suicide and affect the choice of means, which should also include studying the effects of different suicide prevention strategies on males and females from different age groups.
Puberty, brain network connectivity and neuropsychiatric outcomes following pediatric traumatic brain injury in females: A research protocol
Authors: Livny Abigail , Silberg Tamar
Published: December 2023

Background

Examining the role of sex on recovery from pediatric TBI (pTBI) is a complex task, specifically when referring to injuries occurring during critical developmental and maturation periods. The effect of sex hormones on neurological and neuropsychiatric outcomes has been studied among adult TBI females, but not in children. During development, puberty is considered a key milestone accompanied by changes in physical growth, neuronal maturation, sex hormones, and psychological symptoms. Following pTBI, such changes might have a significant effect on brain re-organization and on long-term neuropsychiatric outcomes. While hormonal dysfunction is a common consequence following pTBI, only few studies have systematically evaluated hormonal changes following pTBI.

Aims

To describe a multimodal protocol aimed to examine the effect of puberty on brain connectivity and long-term neuropsychiatric outcomes following TBI in female girls and adolescents.

Methods

A case-control longitudinal prospective design will be used. 120 female participants aged 9 to 16 years (N = 60 per group) will be recruited. In the acute phase (T0-1 month), participants will undergo an MRI protocol for brain connectivity, as well as a clinical evaluation for puberty stage and hormonal levels. In the chronic phase (T1-18-24 months), participants will complete a neuropsychiatric assessment in addition to the MRI and puberty evaluations. Hormonal levels will be monitored at T0 and T1. A moderation-mediation model will be used to examine the moderating effects of puberty on the association between pTBI and neuropsychiatric symptoms in female girls and adolescents, through the mediating effect of brain network connectivity.

Significance

This study will highlight sex-specific factors related to outcomes among females following pTBI and enhance our understanding of the unique challenges they face. Such information has a substantial potential to guide future directions for research, policy and practice.
Experiences of women living with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A pilot case-control, single-cycle, daily Menstrual Cycle Diary study during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
Authors: Nelson Kaitlin , Shirin Sonia , Kalidasan Dharani , Prior Jerilynn C.
Published: December 2023

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) affects many people and is often distressing. Much medical literature about diagnosis and treatment exists, but little is known about PCOS menstrual cycle-related experiences except that cycles tend to be far-apart and unpredictable. Our purpose was to examine the menstrual cycle and daily life experiences in those with PCOS having approximately month-apart cycles compared with age and BMI-matched cohort controls using data from the Menstruation & Ovulation Study 2 (MOS2) during the first 1.5 years of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. We hypothesized that those with PCOS would experience lower self-worth and more negative moods. This is a single-cycle prospective case-control study in community-dwelling women ages 19–35 years. Eight reported physician-diagnosed PCOS and were matched (1:3 ratio) with controls by age (within .6 years) and BMI (within .19 BMI units). Experiences were recorded daily (Menstrual Cycle Diary©, Diary). All kept daily morning temperatures to assess luteal phase lengths by the validated Quantitative Basal Temperature© analysis method. From 112 in MOS2, 32 women were compared: eight with PCOS versus 24 controls. Demographic, socioeconomic, comorbidities and lifestyle variables were not different between the two groups. Cycle lengths were similar in PCOS and controls (one PCOS and control each had oligomenorrhea; most lengths were 21–35 days, P = .593). Unexpectedly, luteal phase lengths were also similar between PCOS and controls (P = .167); anovulation occurred in 5 with PCOS, and in 9 controls. There were no significant Diary differences between the two groups except for greater “outside stress” in the PCOS group (P = .020). In contrast to our hypotheses, there were no significant differences in feelings of self-worth, anxiety nor depression. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic was a stressful time for women. MOS2 captured granular menstrual cycles, ovulation and daily experiences in women with PCOS compared with age- and BMI-matched controls. These pilot data in women with milder PCOS are the first of more research required to understand the daily experiences in those living with PCOS.
Gene expression signatures of stepwise progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Porukala Manisri , Vinod P. K.
Published: December 2023

The molecular pathogenesis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is a complex process progressing from premalignant stages to cancer in a stepwise manner. Mostly, HCC is detected at advanced stages, leading to high mortality rates. Hence, characterising the molecular underpinnings of HCC from normal to cancer state through precancerous state may help in early detection and improve its prognosis and treatment. In this work, we analysed the transcriptomic profile of tumour and premalignant samples from HCC or chronic liver disease patients, who had undergone either total or partial hepatectomy. The normal samples from patients with metastatic cancer/polycystic liver disease/ cholangiocarcinoma were also included. A gene co-expression network approach was applied to identify hierarchical changes: modules, pathways, and genes related to different trajectories of HCC and patient survival. Our analysis shows that the progression from premalignant conditions to tumour is accompanied by differences in the downregulation of genes associated with HNF4A activity and the immune system and upregulation of cell cycle genes, bringing about variability in patient outcomes. However, an increase in immune and cell cycle activity is observed in premalignant samples. Interestingly, co-expression modules and genes from premalignant stages are associated with survival. THBD, a classical marker for dendritic cells, is a predictor of survival at the premalignant stage. Further, genes linked to microtubules, kinetochores, and centromere are altered in both premalignant and tumour conditions and are associated with survival. Our analysis revealed a three-way molecular axis of liver function, immune pathways, and cell cycle driving HCC pathogenesis.
Gait analysis: An effective tool to mechanically monitor the bone regeneration of critical-sized defects in tissue engineering applications
Authors: Blázquez-Carmona Pablo , Mora-Macías Juan , Morgaz Juan , Granados María del Mar , Domínguez Jaime , Reina-Romo Esther
Published: December 2023

Introduction

Tissue engineering has emerged as an innovative approach to treat critical-size bone defects using biocompatible scaffolds, thus avoiding complex distraction surgeries or limited stock grafts. Continuous regeneration monitoring is essential in critical-size cases due to the frequent appearance of non-unions. This work evaluates the potential clinical use of gait analysis for the mechanical assessment of a tissue engineering regeneration as an alternative to the traditional and hardly conclusive manual or radiological follow-up.

Materials and methods

The 15-mm metatarsal fragment of eight female merino sheep was surgically replaced by a bioceramic scaffold stabilized with an external fixator. Gait tests were performed weekly by making the sheep walk on an instrumented gangway. The evolution of different kinematic and dynamic parameters was analyzed for all the animal’s limbs, as well as asymmetries between limbs. Finally, potential correlation in the recovery of the gait parameters was evaluated through the linear regression models.

Results

After surgery, the operated limb has an altered way of carrying body weight while walking. Its loading capacity was significantly reduced as the stance phases were shorter and less impulsive. The non-operated limbs compensated for this mobility deficit. All parameters were normalizing during the consolidation phase while the bone callus was simultaneously mineralizing. The results also showed high levels of asymmetry between the operated limb and its contralateral, which exceeded 150% when analyzing the impulse after surgery. Gait recovery significantly correlated between symmetrical limbs.

Conclusions

Gait analysis was presented as an effective, low-cost tool capable of mechanically predicting the regeneration of critical-size defects treated by tissue engineering, as comparing regeneration processes or novel scaffolds. Despite the progressive normalization as the callus mineralized, the bearing capacity reduction and the asymmetry of the operated limb were more significant than in other orthopedic alternatives.
Roles of epidermal growth factor receptor, claudin-1 and occludin in multi-step entry of hepatitis C virus into polarized hepatoma spheroids
Authors: So Chui-Wa , Sourisseau Marion , Sarwar Shamila , Evans Matthew J. , Randall Glenn
Published: December 2023

The multi-step process of hepatitis C virus (HCV) entry is facilitated by various host factors, including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and the tight junction proteins claudin-1 (CLDN1) and occludin (OCLN), which are thought to function at later stages of the HCV entry process. Using single particle imaging of HCV infection of polarized hepatoma spheroids, we observed that EGFR performs multiple functions in HCV entry, both phosphorylation-dependent and -independent. We previously observed, and in this study confirmed, that EGFR is not required for HCV migration to the tight junction. EGFR is required for the recruitment of clathrin to HCV in a phosphorylation-independent manner. EGFR phosphorylation is required for virion internalization at a stage following the recruitment of clathrin. HCV entry activates the RAF-MEK-ERK signaling pathway downstream of EGFR phosphorylation. This signaling pathway regulates the sorting and maturation of internalized HCV into APPL1- and EEA1-associated early endosomes, which form the site of virion uncoating. The tight junction proteins, CLDN1 and OCLN, function at two distinct stages of HCV entry. Despite its appreciated function as a “late receptor” in HCV entry, CLDN1 is required for efficient HCV virion accumulation at the tight junction. Huh-7.5 cells lacking CLDN1 accumulate HCV virions primarily at the initial basolateral surface. OCLN is required for the late stages of virion internalization. This study produced further insight into the unusually complex HCV endocytic process.
Deep mutational scans of XBB.1.5 and BQ.1.1 reveal ongoing epistatic drift during SARS-CoV-2 evolution
Authors: Taylor Ashley L. , Starr Tyler N.
Published: December 2023

Substitutions that fix between SARS-CoV-2 variants can transform the mutational landscape of future evolution via epistasis. For example, large epistatic shifts in mutational effects caused by N501Y underlied the original emergence of Omicron, but whether such epistatic saltations continue to define ongoing SARS-CoV-2 evolution remains unclear. We conducted deep mutational scans to measure the impacts of all single amino acid mutations and single-codon deletions in the spike receptor-binding domain (RBD) on ACE2-binding affinity and protein expression in the recent Omicron BQ.1.1 and XBB.1.5 variants, and we compared mutational patterns to earlier viral strains that we have previously profiled. As with previous deep mutational scans, we find many mutations that are tolerated or even enhance binding to ACE2 receptor. The tolerance of sites to single-codon deletion largely conforms with tolerance to amino acid mutation. Though deletions in the RBD have not yet been seen in dominant lineages, we observe tolerated deletions including at positions that exhibit indel variation across broader sarbecovirus evolution and in emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants of interest, most notably the well-tolerated Δ483 deletion in BA.2.86. The substitutions that distinguish recent viral variants have not induced as dramatic of epistatic perturbations as N501Y, but we identify ongoing epistatic drift in SARS-CoV-2 variants, including interaction between R493Q reversions and mutations at positions 453, 455, and 456, including F456L that defines the XBB.1.5-derived EG.5 lineage. Our results highlight ongoing drift in the effects of mutations due to epistasis, which may continue to direct SARS-CoV-2 evolution into new regions of sequence space.
Whakamana te tangata – ka whai oranga te taiao: Indigenous led approaches for catchment health in Aotearoa-New Zealand
Authors: Awatere Shaun , Harmsworth Garth , Harcourt Nikki , Taura Yvonne , Taylor Lara , Wilcox Mahuru , Hyslop Jade
Published: December 2023

Large-scale transformation and modification of landscapes have occurred across most catchments in Aotearoa-New Zealand (A-NZ) in the past 200-years (mainly mid-1800s to mid- 1900s). This has been mainly through large-scale removal of indigenous forest and draining of wetlands to a landscape dominated by urban settlement and highly modified landscapes. The expansive shift to pastoral farming and urban settlement, under a colonial settlement vision has increasingly led to detrimental cumulative impacts on ecological health. Environmental decline has been tightly linked to significant adverse impacts on Māori (the Indigenous people of A-NZ) wellbeing. For Māori, this has been out of balance and step with an indigenous-based vision of A-NZ. To understand how a Māori worldview can help drive transformation in the health of our catchments and their communities, we argue that an Ao Māori (Māori worldview) framing for catchment management is necessary with reference to three catchment case studies (Kaipara, Waikato, and Waiapu). These case studies were chosen because they provide tangible examples of resurgence in the use and understanding of mātauranga Māori (Māori knowledge) next to co-governance, co-management, and decision-making. In the Kaipara, the collaborative governance model ensured that all parties’ views were understood and factored into decision making and this has led to growing social equity and more sustainable relationships with the whenua. Similarly, in the Waikato, co-governance of the waterways has increased the efficiency and effectiveness of the process. Knowledge sharing and engagement has directly driven positive environmental outcomes. So too for the Waiapu, where increased hapū/iwi capability and capacity has increased social cohesion and implementation of targeted actions to mitigate climate change impacts. We explore how by adopting a holistic approach to environmental stewardship, and having intimate knowledge at place, Māori thinking has the potential to rejuvenate environmental management, emphasising the necessity of partnership-based approaches.
A terminologia têxtil n’O Jornal das Senhoras (1852 – 1855)
Authors: Moreira Ana Vitória Gomes , Xavier Vanessa Regina Duarte
Published: December 2023

Almejamos, com esta investigação, refletir sobre o léxico têxtil presente na imprensa feminina do século XIX, mais especificamente n’O Jornal das Senhoras. Com essa pesquisa, visamos a dar a conhecer uma parcela do léxico relacionado a tecidos que se apresentaram neste gênero jornalístico e no espaço temporal do século XIX. Para tanto, selecionamos exemplares d’O Jornal das Senhoras, primeiro periódico escrito por mulheres no Brasil, analisamos a coluna de moda e, especificamente, inventariamos os termos do campo dos tecidos. Para fundamentarmo-nos teoricamente, selecionamos autores que versam sobre léxico, como Biderman (2001), Seabra (2015), Orsi (2021), sobre os tecidos utilizamos Chataignier (2006) e Pezzolo (2017). Os termos inventariados foram analisados a partir do seu cotejo na obra lexicográfica de Houaiss e Villar (2009) e no glossário têxtil presente em Pezzolo (2017).
O Alegre Canto da Perdiz e identidade nacional moçambicana
Authors: Rampini Giovana de Castro Marchese
Published: December 2023

O presente artigo oferece uma discussão sobre o romance O Alegre Canto da Perdiz (2008), da escritora moçambicana Paulina Chiziane, e sua escrita, em um cenário glotopolítico complexo na Moçambique pós independência, onde a busca por uma identidade nacional é imperativa. O artigo lança mão de Melman (1992) e seu conceito de Pai na discussão sobre os sujeitos e suas relações com o colonizador. Por sua vez, a noção de voz em Dolar (2007) nos auxilia na compreensão do uso da voz na tradição oral bantu, presente no romance de Chiziane. A análise da obra revela um fazer literário heterolíngue que quebra os silêncios de uma cultura oprimida.
Línguas pluricêntricas em seu percurso histórico e na atualidade
Authors: Abraçado Jussara , Lima-Hernandes Maria Célia , Marçalo Maria João
Published: December 2023

Na atual efervescência em que se encontra o mundo, com crises sociopolíticas e convulsões de toda ordem, alguns fenômenos de (des)valorização das línguas-culturas também verificados no século XX têm se evidenciado. A ideia desta seção temática é reunir textos que discutam o percurso histórico de línguas que, implantadas ou adotadas durante um processo de colonização ou de dominação política, tenham adquirido estatutos diversos de usos, dentre os quais, o de oficialidade, de co-oficialidade, o de língua nacional ou mesmo o de língua franca. Interessa-nos o efeito desse percurso, em interface com o atual estatuto na comunidade de fala, tanto localmente quanto nas relações com outros espaços ou comunidades.
Auditor Switching Behavior in Property, Real Estate, and Building Construction Company
Authors: Aysah Tria Nur Aysah , Sarwono Aris Eddy , Astuti Dewi Saptantinah Puji
Published: December 2023

In the face of the threat of familiarity or trust, auditors can be excessively influenced by senior executives and become overly sympathetic. A relationship of trust that is too excessive can interfere with the objectivity of testing that does not match the expectations of an independent relationship. In addition, there are also threats of intimidation that auditors usually get from the dominance of directors and management.
This paper proposes a study to find out what factors can influence the occurrence of auditor turnover. The analysis was carried out using secondary data on audited financial statements from 2018-2021 from 76 companies in the property, real estate, and building constructions sectors in Indonesia listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange totaling 181 samples that met the criteria. The number of sample companies is limited to switching auditor information and other variable information. We use logistic regression models to classify variable auditor switching, audit opinion, financial distress, KAP size, audit delay, and audit report lag. The results showed that audit opinion, financial distress, KAP size did not significantly affect the occurrence of switching auditors. Meanwhile, audit delay and audit report lag significantly affect the occurrence of switching auditors.
Implementation of Environmental Care Character Education in Children Aged 5-6 Years
Authors: Sidiq Adelia Miranti , Istiani Meity , Kustini Ninik
Published: December 2023

Providing education is a process of acculturating and empowering students that lasts throughout life. In this process, the role of educators is needed who is able and willing to be a role model, build abilities, and develop students' potential and creativity. The type of research used is a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. This research aims to provide an overview of the Implementation of Character Development. Based on the results of research on the implementation of environmentally caring character education at Bakti IV Bubutan Islamic Kindergarten, Surabaya, the process of implementing environmentally caring character education was carried out by integrating environmentally caring character education into learning activities. This is indicated by the curriculum content used at the Bakti IV Bubutan Islamic Kindergarten, Surabaya, which refers to candy. And the scientific approach in the Merdeka 2020 PAUD Curriculum learning tools for character education already contains character values, starting from CP (learning outcomes), TP (learning objectives) in addition to the semester program and weekly activity plans which already contain character values.  Based on the results of the analysis and discussion, the author can draw conclusions regarding the process of developing environmentally caring character in children through the habituation method used by teachers at the Bakti IV Bubutan Islamic Kindergarten, Surabaya.
La escuela como acontecimiento para construir saber literario. Apuesta por la diversidad
Authors: Martínez Cano Paula
Published: December 2023

El presente artículo muestra una experiencia significativa con la enseñanza de la literatura en el aula, que parte de entender el espacio escolar como un universo de posibilidades para acoger al otro en su diferencia y acercarlo a desarrollar sus capacidades, a partir de la formación de lectores literarios que, a la vez, van interpretando su mundo desde ejercicios de escritura creativa. Esto busca crear estrategias para que el saber en el aula sea una emergencia que sucede en las relaciones con la literatura y lo cotidiano, y así se logre configurar el saber literario escolar. A través de los incidentes críticos, se posibilita pensar la singularidad y el respeto por la diversidad como una tarea fundamental. Por tanto, a través de una perspectiva biográfico-narrativa, se obtiene que los relatos de experiencias son un camino para narrar la vida y para que los jóvenes se acerquen a la literatura a partir de unas condiciones que permitan su estudio riguroso en el aula. Así, pues, logro comprender que los saberes surgen en la escuela de manera diferente, y ello la convierte en oportunidad para acoger a todos en su singularidad desde los géneros sensibles, estéticos y complejos, como los son el cuento y la poesía. Finalmente, creo que la escuela es un espacio donde acontece el saber para convertirlo en obra pedagógica.
Bioinformatics and Molecular Docking Study of Amentoflavone and 3,8-Biapigenin as Inhibitors on Cervical Cancer Proteins
Authors: Ningrum Dhecella Winy Cintya , Kusumaningtyas Triana Arum , Febriansah Rifki , Juniananda Melisa , Tasminatun Sri , Krisridwany Annisa
Published: December 2023

Cervical cancer maintains its second-place ranking for Indonesia's highest number of cancer cases. In 2021, there were 36,633 cases of cervical cancer in Indonesia, with a rising death rate. Commonly, chemotherapy is used to treat cervical cancer and can improve the survival chances of patients, but these therapies imply increased toxicity. Biflavonoid group compounds like amentoflavone and 3,8-Biapigenin have the potential to act as anticancer agents by modulating multiple signaling pathways. This study aims to determine the cervical anticancer potential of amentoflavone and 3,8-Biapigenin based on in silico study. Prediction of anticancer activity in silico using Prediction of Activity Spectra for Active Substances (PASS) online, followed by target protein tracing using STITCH-STRING, then receptor analysis test using Ramachandran plot. A molecular docking test was conducted to determine the binding affinity of the compound with the receptor. Based on the online PASS, the compounds as thought to have low cervical anticancer potential if tested on a laboratory scale. STAT3, EP300, CYP1A1, and AKR1C1 proteins used in this study have met the requirements of a suitable receptor for molecular docking test. The best binding affinity was obtained at the interaction of amentoflavone and STAT3 with a better docking score (-9.3 kcal/mol) than doxorubicin (-7.1 kcal/mol). Overall, the results suggest biflavonoid compounds have the potential to be developed as a chemopreventive agent for cervical cancer.Keywords: bioinformatics, molecular docking, amentoflavone, 3,8-Biapigenin, cervical cancer protein.
Soziale Innovationen für nachhaltige Städte: Transformationscluster als neues Förderformat der Sozial-ökologischen Forschung
Authors: Sulmowski Jędrzej , Richerzhagen Carmen , Wilhelm Ralph
Published: December 2023

Städte sind von zentraler Bedeutung für das Erreichen der Klima- und Nachhaltigkeitsziele. Angesichts der hohen Anforderungen an die Stadtentwicklung gelten soziale Innovationen zunehmend als Beschleunigerinnen der Transformation. Um die Potenziale sozialer Innovationen für
eine nachhaltige Stadtentwicklung umfassend zu erschließen, unterstützt das Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung mit einem neuen Förderformat ‐ den Transformationsclustern Soziale Innovationen für nachhaltige Städte ‐ geeignete transdisziplinäre
und experimentelle Forschungsansätze.
Gesellschaftliche Akteursgruppen als Denkkollektive verstehen und verbinden
Authors: Fry Patricia Elizabeth
Published: December 2023

Um den Klimawandel begrenzen zu können, brauchen wir das Wissen und Engagement aller gesellschaftlichen Akteursgruppen. Offenbar nehmen Landwirte und Landwirtinnen den Klimawandel signifikant weniger wahr als andere gesellschaftliche Gruppen. Wie können wir diese Gruppe trotzdem ansprechen?In order to limit climate change, we need the knowledge and commitment of all social stakeholder groups. It appears that farmers are significantly less aware of climate change than other social groups. How can we address this group?
TEKSTİL TASARIMINDA ELEKTRONİK UYGULAMALAR
Authors: BİLİR Mehmet Zahit
Published: December 2023

Geçmişten günümüze kadar yapılan tekstil yüzeylerinden, ihtiyaç duyulan kullanım alanlarına göre, kıyafetler, ev tekstilleri veya fonksiyonellik gerektiren özel tekstil uygulamaları yapılmaktadır. Son yıllarda meydana gelen büyük ilerlemeler tekstil tasarımlarında alışılagelmiş uygulamalarla beraber yeni tip tasarım uygulamalarının da yer almasını sağlamaya başlamıştır. Tekstil tasarımında meydana gelen bu yeni uygulamaların başında elektronik tekstiller gelmektedir. Elektronik tekstiller isminden de anlaşılacağı üzere içerisinde tekstil ile beraber elektronik bileşenleri de barındıran yenilikçi tasarımlardır. Bu makalede tekstil tasarımında katma değeri ve yenilikçilik boyutu daha yüksek olan elektronik tekstiller hakkında bilgiler verilmektedir. Çalışma içeriğinde, düz film baskı tekniği kullanılarak yapılan elektronik tekstil tasarım uygulaması da yer almaktadır. Bu uygulamada, mikro LED lamba ve iletken boyaların düz film baskı tekniği kullanılarak uygulanmasında yaşanan süreç tecrübeleri paylaşılmaktadır. Çalışma sonucunda, elektronik tekstillerin ülkemiz tekstil sektöründe yer alan daha çok kişiye tanıtılması, yapılan uygulama örneği ile elektronik tekstil tasarımında kullanılabilecek araçların ve uygulama yollarının tekstil tasarımı üzerine çalışan kişilerle paylaşılması ve bu yolla katma değeri daha yüksek tasarımların yapılmasına katkı sağlanması hedeflenmektedir.
Strategi Pengembangan Panas Bumi di Perusahaan Minyak dan Gas
Authors: Andwir Rizaldin , Setiawan Andri Dwi
Published: December 2023

Indonesia merupakan negara yang memiliki potensi panas bumi terbesar didunia karena berada dalam jalur ring of fire. Cadangan energi panas bumi yang dimiliki Indonesia sebesar 29,4 GW. Namun hingga tahun 2022 kapasitas terpasang panas bumi di Indonesia baru sekitar 2,175 GW yang masih jauh dari potensi sebenarnya. Pengembangan energi panas bumi diperlukan bagi Indonesia untuk memberdayakan sistem energi berkelanjutan, sehingga mencapai target 3,1 GW berdasarkan RUEN 2017. Untuk mencapai target RUEN, diperlukan pengembangan yang lebih baik lagi melalui peran industry oil and gas. Pengembangan panas bumi dipandang sebagai sistem dinamis yang kompleks, dengan tantangan yang rumit untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk memahami kompleksitas pengembangan energi panas bumi. Untuk tujuan tersebut, tulisan ini menganalisis pengembangan panas bumi dengan pendekatan holistic dan sistematis menggunakan tahap konseptual pendekatan dinamika sistem. Model konseptual menunjukkan bahwa banyak faktor yang mendasari pengembangan energi panas bumi di Indonesia.
Cardiac Enlargement in the Chick Embryo Induced by Hypothermic Incubation Is Due to a Combination of Hyperplasia and Hypertrophy of Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Skuhrová K. , Kvasilová A. , Svatůňková J. , Sedmera David
Published: December 2023

Hypothermic incubation of chicken eggs leads to smaller embryos with enlarged hearts, originally described as hypertrophic. Over the years, however, accumulated evidence suggested that hyperplasia, rather than hypertrophy, is the predominant mechanism of cardiac growth during the prenatal period. We have thus set to re-evaluate the hypothermia model to precise the exact cellular mechanism behind cardiac enlargement. Fertilized chicken eggs were incubated at either 37.5 °C (normothermia) or 33.5 °C from embryonic day (ED) 13 onward (hypothermia). Sampling was performed at ED17, at which point wet embryo and heart weight were recorded, and the hearts were submitted to histological examination. In agreement with previous results, the hypothermic embryos were 29% smaller and had hearts 18% larger, translating into a 67% increase in the heart to body weight ratio (P < 0.05 for all parameters). The cell size was essentially the same between control and hypothermic hearts in all regions analysed. Likewise, there was no significant relationship between the cell size and heart weight; however, in the hypothermic hearts, there was a trend showing positive correlation between cell sizes in different cardiac regions and heart weight. Proliferation rate, determined on the basis of anti-phosphohistone H3 immunofluorescence, showed an overall increase in the hypothermic group, reaching statistical significance (P = 0.02, t-test) in the right ventricle. The proliferation rate was similar among different regions of the same heart. However, the correlation between the proliferation rate and heart weight was only small (r2 = 0.007 and r2 = 0.234 for the normothermic and hypothermic group, respectively). We thus conclude that hyperplasia is the predominant response mechanism in this volume-overload model; mechanistically, decreased heart rate at lower temperature increases the end-diastolic and stroke volume, minimizing the drop in cardiac output through the Frank- Starling mechanism.
Non-speech information w angielskich i rosyjskich napisach Closed Captions zawartych w serialu Эпидемия. Analiza kontrastywna
Authors: Piecewicz Daniel
Published: December 2023

The article focuses on a specific and little explored branch of audiovisual translation, namely non-speech information (Zdenek, 2015) in the Closed Captions (CC) in the Netflix production series To the lake (Russian title Эпидемия), directed by Pavel Kostomarov. The article attempts to reach a consensus in the terminological dispute between the countries of North America and Oceania (Captions) on the one hand, and the countries of Europe on the other (Subtitles). The decision to use the term “captions” and “captioning” is being justified. The method used in the research is the corpus-driven method, and the contrastive method between the intralingual captions in Russian and the interlingual captions in English. Individual types of non-speech information are compared: Speaker identifier, Language identifier, Sound effects, Paralanguage, Manner of speaking identifiers, Music and Channel identifier (Zdenek, 2015). In addition, some space is devoted to the NSI as non-verbatim. The results show a slight discrepancy in the amount of NSI used (2,020 in the English version and 2,004 in the Russian version). The greatest disproportions are noticed only at the level of individual categories. Differences were noticed, among others, in the level of the originality of data records, i.e. greater synonymy in the English version, especially in the category of Paralanguage and Sound effects. The research opens up a discussion on the condition of captions and improving accessibility in the NSI usage.