bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Acoustic and acousto-optic properties of Ge-=SUB=-a-=/SUB=-Se-=SUB=-b-=/SUB=-Te-=SUB=-c-=/SUB=- and Si-=SUB=-a-=/SUB=-Se-=SUB=-b-=/SUB=-Te-=SUB=-c-=/SUB=- glasses in case diffraction on longitudinal and shear acoustic waves
Authors: Khorkin V.S.
Published: January 2023

We investigated acoustic and acousto-optic properties of glasses based on germanium, selenium, silicon and tellurium. The results of measurement are presented for two group of glasses including germanium, selenium and tellurium (GeSeTe) and silicon and tellurium (SiTe). The major characteristics of glasses such as the velocity of longitudinal and shear acoustic waves as well as the values of figure of merit are presented. The values of figure of merit are obtained by diffraction on longitudinal and shear acoustic waves at the wavelength of optical radiation λ = 3.39 μm. We also present the results of measurements of acoustic attenuation values α for longitudinal and shear acoustic waves in tellurium glasses at ultrasound frequencies in the range f = 75-100 MHz. Keywords: acousto-optics, acousto-optic figure of merit, germanium, selenium, silicon, tellurium, attenuation acoustic waves.
Laser Induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS): Application to geological materials
Authors: Dubey Sonali  , Kumar Rohit  , Rai Abhishek K.  , Rai Awadhesh K.
Published: January 2023

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is emerging as an analytical tool for investigating geological materials. The unique abilities of this technique proven its potential in the area of geology. Detection of light elements, portability for in-field analysis, spot detection, and no sample preparation are some features that make this technique appropriate for the study of geological materials. The application of the LIBS technique has been tremendously developed in recent years. In this report, results obtained from previous and most recent studies regarding the investigation of geological materials LIBS technique are reviewed. Firstly, we introduce investigations that report the advancement in LIBS instrumentation, its applications, especially in the area of gemology and the extraterrestrial/planetary exploration have been reviewed. Investigation of gemstones by LIBS technique is not widely reviewed in the past as compared to LIBS application in planetary exploration or other geological applications. It is anticipated that for the classification of gemstones samples, huge data set is appropriate and to analyze this data set, multivariate/chemometric methods will be useful. Recent advancement of LIBS instrumentation for the study of meteorites, depth penetration in Martian rocks and its regolith proved the feasibility of LIBS used as robotic vehicles in the Martian environment. Keywords: LIBS, gemstone, geological samples, extra-terrestrial.
Asymptotically spin forbidden quasimolecular radiative transitions (review)
Authors: Devdariani A. Z.
Published: January 2023

Theoretical works on radiative transitions produced in thermal collisions of atoms of groups 2A, 12 of the periodic table with atoms of inert gases in the normal state as well as in nonsymmetrical collisions of inert gas atoms are discussed in the review. Such collisions are accompanied by either the decay or the population of the lower metastable state 3P2. The discussion has been carried out within the framework of analytical approaches based on the Fermi pseudopotential method and semiempirical method. The results on rate constants, absorption coefficients, radiative lifetimes, spectral profiles have been presented Keywords: optical collision spectroscopy, quasimolecular state interaction, Fermi pseudopotential, semi empirical procedure of term reconstruction.
Rydberg states of OH radical
Authors: Kornev A. S.  , Chenov V. E.  , Zon B. A.  , Dorofeev D. L.  , Kubelík P.  , Ferus M.
Published: January 2023

We study Rydberg states of radical in adiabatic (rotational Born-Oppenheimer) approximation as well as in the inverse limit. The needed value, d = 0.833, of the OH+ cation's dipole moment was calculated using the RCCSD(T)/aug-cc-pV5Z. Our calculations show that a dipole moment of this magnitude influence weakly on the energies of the Rydberg states. The exception are the states originating from s-states in the central-symmetric field, which are influenced significantly by the cation dipole moment. In the inverse Born--Oppenheimer limit, we study in detail the dependence of the Rydberg spectrum upon the total angular momentum, J, of the molecule. This dependence substantially differs from the well-known dependence, ~ J(J+1), of the rotator energy on its total momentum. Keywords: polar molecules, multipole moments, polarizability, hydroxyl.
Spectral-luminescence properties of cyclometallated Pd(II) complexes based on cinchophen methyl ester
Authors: Baichurin R.I.  , Dulanova I. T.  , Puzyk Al. M.  , Puzyk  M. V.
Published: January 2023

A procedure of synthesis of Pd(II) complexes with 2-phenylquinoline-4-carboxylic acid methyl ester: PdMpqc(μ-Ac)]2 and [PdEnMpqc]BF4, where Mpqc is methyl 2-phenyl-4-quinolinecarboxylate ion, Ac --- acetate ion, En --- ethylenediamine, was developed. The composition and structure of the complexes obtained were established on the basis of IR and polynuclear NMR spectroscopy data, optical and physical properties were described on the basis of UV and fluorescence spectroscopy. The phosphorescence of Pd(II) complexes in the visible region was assigned to the radiative transition from the spin-forbidden intraligand electronically excited state 3(π-π) that is localized on the aromatic Mpqc system. Keywords: Pd(II) complexes, methyl 2-phenyl-4-quinolinecarboxylate, NMR spectroscopy, spectral-luminescence properties.
Ion-beam lithography: modelling and analytical description of the deposited in resist energy
Authors: Shabelnikova Ya. L.  , Zaitsev S.I.
Published: January 2023

The energy deposited in resist during its exposure by ion beam was simulated for ions from a set of rare gases and for gallium. It was shown that the distribution of energy density can be approximated by the product of two Gaussian functions. One of them describes the lateral distribution of energy, the second the dependence on depth. The widths and centres of these Gaussian functions are determined by the energy length (also mentioned in the literature as "Range" or "mean length of trajectories"), the mass of ions and the average atomic number of resist. The obtained description would make it possible to estimate the size of the resist modified volume for any type of ion with energy of tens keV. So it can be used for a priori estimates of resolution and performance, as well as for the choice of beam energy and ion type based on this. Keywords: lithography, nanostructuring, ion beam, resist, modeling, deposited energy.
A new technology of thermoplastic glass bending for the manufacture of cylindrical surfaces of hard X-ray range mirrors
Authors: Akhsakhalyan A. A.  , Akhsakhalyan A. D.
Published: January 2023

The paper presents a new technique for thermoplastic bending of glass. The technique makes it possible to produce cylindrical surfaces with a guide in the form of a parabola, ellipse, etc. for mirrors in the hard X-ray wavelength range (λ~0.1 nm). Three samples of the surface of an elliptical cylinder were prepared using this technique. The production time for each sample was two days. The deviation of the guide and its local angle from the calculated values for all samples does not exceed Delta y=0.5 μm and Deltaα=7·10-5 rad, respectively. It is shown that when such surfaces are etched for two hours, their accuracy can be improved by more than two orders of magnitude (Delta y=2 nm, Deltaα=5·10-7 rad). Keywords: focusing X-ray mirrors, cylindrical mirrors, multilayer structures
Ion-beam Modification of the Local Luminescent Properties of Hexagonal Boron Nitride
Authors: Petrov Yu.V.  , Gogina O.A.  , Vyvenko O.F.  , Kovalchuk S.  , Bolotin K.  , Watanabe K.  , Taniguchi T.
Published: January 2023

Hexagonal boron nitride is a promising material of modern optoelectronics. Point defects in this material can serve as single-photon sources. In this paper we investigate the modification of the luminescent properties of hexagonal boron nitride by means of local irradiation with focused gallium and helium ion beams. It is demonstrated that the intensity of band-to-band cathodoluminescence monotonically decreases with increasing ion fluence for both gallium and helium. The luminescence band of about 2 eV may become more intense after exposure to He ions with certain ion fluence. The effect of complete quenching of luminescence after gallium irradiation is used to estimate the diffusion length of excess charge carriers. Keywords: point defects, cathodoluminescence, scanning helium ion microscope, excess charge carriers.
Ru/Sr multilayer mirrors for the spectral range 9-12 nm
Authors: R. A. Shaposhnikov  , S. Yu. Zuev  , V. N. Polkovnikov  , N. N. Salashchenko  , N. I. Chkhalo
Published: January 2023

The results of studies of Ru/Sr multilayer mirrors optimized for the working wavelength range of 9-12 nm are presented in the paper. Within the framework of the presented article the strontium based multilayer structures with stable over time reflective characteristics were obtained for the first time. It is shown that Ru/Sr mirrors have the highest reflectance of all known reflective coatings, with the exception of beryllium-containing, in the spectral range of 9-12 nm. Keywords: multilayer X-ray mirrors, X-ray lithography, X-ray radiation.
Imaging system of a plasma torch of a Betatron X-ray source
Authors: Antyushin E.S.  , Akhsakhalyan A.A.  , Zuev S.Yu.  , Lopatin A.Ya.  , Malyshev I.V.  , Nachay A.N.  , Perekalov A.A.  , Pestov A.E.  , Salashchenko N.N.  , Toropov M.N.  , Ulasevich B.A.  , Tsybin N.N.  , Chkhalo N.I.  , Soloviev A.A.  , Starodubtsev M.V.
Published: January 2023

The paper describes the design of a microscope for studying a betatron radiation source based on the PEARL femtosecond laser complex in the SXR and EUV wavelength range. The main optical element of the microscope is a spherical Schwarzschild objective a x5 magnification. The device allows to study the size and spatial structure of the interaction area of laser radiation with matter, at a selected wavelength in the EUV or SXR range with a resolution of delta x=2.75 μm. The operation wavelength (λ=13.5 nm) is set by multilayer X-ray mirrors. Thin-film absorption filters are used to suppress the background component of the signal. Keywords: SXR and EUV radiation, betatron radiation, imaging x-ray optics, SXR microscope.
Prospective wavelengths for projection lithography uing synchrotron radiation
Authors: N. I. Chkhalo  , V. N. Polkovnikov  , N.N. Salashchenko  , R.A. Shaposhnikov
Published: January 2023

Promising wavelengths for next-generation lithography with a wavelength shorter than 13.5 nm based on a synchrotron X-ray source are discussed. Theoretical and experimental values of the reflection coefficients of multilayer X-ray mirrors providing the maximum reflectivity in the range of 11.4-3.1 nm are presented. The theoretical efficiency of multilayer optics is compared for different wavelengths. Keywords: X-ray lithography, multilayer X-ray optics, multilayer X-ray mirrors.
Project of a two-mirror monochromator for the photon energy range 8-36 keV for the "SKIF" synchrotron
Authors: Chkhalo N.I.  , Garakhin S.A.  , Malyshev I.V.  , Polkovnikov V.N.  , Toropov M.N.  , Salashchenko N.N.  , Ulasevich B.A.  , Rakshun Ya.V.  , Chernov V.A.  , Dolbnya I.P.  , Raschenko S.V.
Published: January 2023

A project of an X-ray monochromator for the "SKIF" synchrotron based on two flat mirrors with multilayer reflective coatings is reported. The concept of the monochromator is based on the absence of precision mechanical systems and feedthroughs in vacuum, which significantly reduces mirror surface contamination and increases scanning accuracy. In addition, the overall structure of the device is greatly simplified in this way, which in turn leads to a significant reduction in the total cost and labor for manufacturing. The grazing angle of incidence of radiation on the mirrors in the process of scanning by photon energy varies within 0.5-1.3o. The length of the mirrors is 120 mm, the assumed size of the input beam is 1x1 mm2. A wide operating energy range, 8-36 keV, is achieved through the use of 3 strip-mirrors with coatings of different chemical composition, namely: Mo/B4C, W/B4C and Cr/Be. The article presents the X-ray optical scheme, the expected reflection coefficients and spectral selectivity of the monochromator, the results of the calculation of thermally induced surface deformations and the corresponding slope errors of the first mirror. Keywords: synchrotron radiation, multilayer mirror, monochromator, surface.
Method for Obtaining Atomically Smooth Substrates from Single-Crystal Silicon by Mechanical Lapping
Authors: N.I. Chkhalo  , A.A. Akhsakhalyan  , M.V. Zorina  , M.N. Toropov  , Yu.M. Tokunov
Published: January 2023

The paper reports on the developed technique for polishing single-crystal silicon substrates using a mechanical lap. The effective substrate roughness was obtained in the spatial frequency range of 0.025-65 μm-1 at the level of 0.37 nm and 0.18 nm at a frame size on the surface of 2x2 μm2. The result obtained is comparable with the results of chemical-mechanical and dynamic polishing of single-crystal silicon wafers for microelectronics. Keywords: Surface, roughness, synchrotron radiation, polishing.
Fast shadow visualization of a pulsed discharge in a short gas gap
Authors: S. G. Davydov  , A. N. Dolgov  , A. A. Kozlov  , V. O. Revazov  , R. Kh. Yakubov
Published: January 2023

A study of the switching process of a short (1 mm) gas gap initiated by a spark discharge along the dielectric surface was carried out by the method of shadowgraphy with nanosecond time resolution. The presence of a shock wave propagating from the cathode spot and signs of intermediate accumulation of the invested energy in the form of excitation energy of gas molecules or turbulent gas flow were detected. Keywords: shadowgraphy, gas discharge, shock waves, switch.
Electronic mechanism of propagation of nanosecond breakdown channel in liquid organic dielectrics
Authors: Emlin R.V.  , Punanov I.F.  , Kulikov V.D.
Published: January 2023

The mechanism of anode-initiated breakdown in liquid organic dielectrics with long molecular chains is proposed on the basis of the experimental data on high velocities of the breakdown channel propagation in organosilicon and organofluorine liquids (~107 cm/s), which are comparable to that obtained earlier in crystals in the same conditions. The high velocities of the anode-initiated breakdown channel are satisfactory explained within the model of the cascade Auger transitions, developed for the crystalline materials. According to this model, velocity of the breakdown channel propagation is proportional to the electrical field strength. The time delay in breakdown channel formation relative to the voltage pulse rise time does not exceed ~5·10-10 s within the margin of error Keywords: electrical breakdown in liquid, nanosecond breakdown, breakdown mechanism.
Effect of substrate misorientation on the properties of p-HEMT GaAs-based nanoheterostructures formed during MOCVD epitaxy
Authors: Boldyrevskyi P. B.  , Filatov D.O.  , Belyakov V. A.  , Gorshkov A. P.  , Makartsev I. V.  , Nezhdanov A. V.  , Revin M. V.  , Filatov A. D.  , Junin P. A.
Published: January 2023

As one of the approaches to improve p-HEMT, we studied the effect of misorientation of GaAs substrates on the surface morphology, structure, and electrical properties of pseudomorphic heterostructures, as well as the parameters of transistors based on them. In a single technological cycle, heterostructures were formed on vicinal substrates with (100) orientation and misoriented by 2o to (110) by the method of MOCVD (MOCVD) in a single technological cycle. It has been established that on misoriented substrates, the growth of structurally consistent and stressed epitaxial layers occurs according to a layered-step mechanism with the formation of macrosteps. On vicinal substrates, the formation of monatomic growth steps was observed. The comparative characteristics of p-HEMT obtained using two types of substrates are considered. Keywords: GaAs/InGaAs/GaAlAs heterostructures, MOCVD epitaxy, p-HEMT, substrate misorientation, comparative characteristics of structures and p-HEMT based on them.
Method for estimating the initial welding current of closed high-current contacts under pulsed heating
Authors: Naganawa Toshio  , Pavleino M. A.  , Pavleino O. M.  , Safonov M. S.
Published: January 2023

A study of the softening process of contact spots of closed high-current copper contacts caused by recrystallization of the material during short-circuit shock currents has been carried out. An original method has been developed for calculating the magnitude of the pulse current, which initiates the welding of contacts, which does not require preliminary experimental measurements. Keywords: Electrical contact, pulse heating, numerical calculation, welding.
Solar VUV telescope for nanosatellites
Authors: Kuzin S.V.  , Bogachev S.A.  , Erkhova N.F.  , Pertsov A.A.  , Loboda I.P.  , Reva A.A.  , Kholodilov A.V.  , Ulyanov A.S.  , Kirichenko A.S.  , Malyshev I.V.  , Pestov A.E.  , Polkovnikov V.N.  , Toropov M.N.  , Tsybin N.N.  , Chkhalo N.I.  , Kryukovskiy V.A.  , Gorev V.N.  , Doroshkin A.A.  , Zadorozhny A.M.  , Prokopyev V.Yu.
Published: January 2023

Within the Universat program, a set of solar vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) telescopes has been developed for deployment on 6U nanosatellites. Telescopes are designed to get images of the solar corona. The spectral ranges of observations is considered, the characteristics of the nanosatellite from the point of view of the observations feasibility are opmized, the optical scheme of the telescope and VUV multilayer mirrors coatings and thin-film filters are modelled. Keywords: Nanosatellite, VUV, telescope, solar corona.
Peculiarities of deformation of round thin-film membranes and experimental determination of their effective characteristics
Authors: Dedkova A. A.  , Glagolev P. Y.  , Gusev E. E.  , Djuzhev N. A.  , Kireev V. Y.  , Lychev S. A.  , Tovarnov D. A.
Published: January 2023

The features of thin-film membranes, which are formed above round holes in silicon substrates using the Bosch-process are considered. The membrane has a complex shape due to the presence of the stress state of the initial films. The analysis of the dependence of the membrane deflection w on the supplied overpressure P is used to calculate the mechanical characteristics of the membranes. In this case, it is necessary to determine directly on the membrane its diameter, the thickness of the constituent layers, the change in the topography of the membrane surface over its entire area as the overpressure increases. Determination of the membrane diameter and the thicknesses of the constituent layers is shown by the example of p-Si*/SiNx/SiO2 and SiNx/SiO2/SiNx/SiO2 membranes. We used spectral ellipsometry, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, optical profilometry, optical microscopy. The influence of the peculiarities of the fixing conditions on the stress-strain state of membranes is shown, and the assessment is carried out by means of numerical modeling. A technique has been developed for measuring and calculating the mechanical characteristics of membranes that have an initial deflection. The calculation result is shown on the example of a membrane with an initial deflection of 2 μm --- SiNx/SiO2/SiNx/SiO2 and a membrane with an initial deflection of 30 μm --- Al/SiO2/Al. Keywords: stress, bulging method, films, thin-layer coating, film thickness, membrane, pressure blister test, residual stress, microelectromechanical systems, MEMS, silicon substrate, large deformations, strain, deflections, circular membrane, bulge testing.
Anodic aluminum oxide formed in aqueous solutions of chelated complex zinc and cobalt compounds
Authors: Poznyak A. A.  , Knörnschild G. H.  , Pligovka A. N.  , Larin T.D.
Published: January 2023

The galvanostatic anodizing results of specially prepared high-purity aluminum in aqueous solutions of complex compounds K3[Co(C2O_4)_3] and K2[Zn(edta)] of various concentrations in the current density ranges 1.5-1.10·102 and 1.5-30 mA·cm-2, respectively. The kinetic features of anodizing have been established, indicating the occurrence of an oscillatory electrochemical process. Morphological features of a flaky and loose nature for K2[Zn(edta)] and monolithic for K3[Co(C2O_4)_3], uncharacteristic for anodic aluminum oxide, were revealed. The elemental composition, IR spectroscopic and photoluminescent characteristics of the formed oxides are shown. Keywords: anodic aluminum oxide, chelated complex compounds, anodizing.
AFM study of the morphology of elastomers based on polyurethanimides with various rigid and flexible fragments
Authors: Sukhanova T. E.  , Svetlichnyi V. M.  , Kuznetsov D. A.  , Vylegzhanina M. E.  , Vaganov G. V.  , Lebedev N. V.
Published: January 2023

The morphological characteristics of the surface of a number of films of elastomers based on polyurethanimides (PUI) were studied by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Significant differences in the surface morphology of PUI films were found depending on the composition: from granular morphology with different grain sizes or spongy morphology with nano - and submicron pores and cavities on the surface, to spherulitic morphology. It is shown that the roughness of the free surfaces formed during the films formation from the solution is significantly lower than the roughness of the surface which was in contact with the substrate. The influence of the chemical structure and size of the rigid diamine fragments in PUI macromolecules on the morphology of the film surface and the presence of different phases in the AFM torsion mode is established. The comparison of the deformation and strength characteristics showed high values of the elongation at break (more than 1400%) in the PUI films with a developed porous structure of both surfaces. The results obtained show the need to control and take into account the morphological parameters of the surface layers of products made of highly elastic imide-containing materials for their use for technical and other purposes. Keywords: synthesis of polyurethanimides, atomic-force microscopy, elastomer films morphology, surface roughness, viscosity and strain-strength characteristics.
Influence of the resonant interaction of surface magnetostatic waves with exchange modes on the EMF generation in YIG/Pt structures
Authors: Seleznev M. E.  , Nikulin U. V.  , Sakharov V. K.  , Khivintsev U. V.  , Kozhevnikov A. V.  , Vysotskii S. L.  , Filimonov U. A.
Published: January 2023

The characteristics of EMF (U) generation in the thin-film Pt/YIG structures caused by hybridization of propagating magnetostatic surface waves with exchange modes of YIG film were studied. It was shown that at frequencies f* corresponding to the dipole-exchange resonances (DER) the magnitude of EMF U increases by several times in comparison with the frequencies different from DER (f?f*). The Volt-Watt sensitivity was estimated for the Pt/YIG structures with different geometries of Pt microstrips. Keywords: Spintronics, spin waves, EMF generation, electron drag effect , dipole-exchange resonance.
Design of a high-resolution VLS monochromator for synchrotron radiation
Authors: Shatokhin A. N.  , Vishnyakov E. A.  , Kolesnikov A. O.  , Nikolenko A. D.  , Ragozin E. N.
Published: January 2023

A high-resolution monochromator with a broad spectral range of 125-4200 Angstrem is designed for a measuring beamline of the projected synchrotron radiation source "SKIF" (Novosibirsk). The optical configuration of the monochromator comprises a grazing-incidence concave mirror, a plane VLS grating, and an exit slit. It is planned to use two replaceable VLS gratings with central groove frequencies of 600 and 150 mm-1 intended for subranges of 125-1000 Angstrem and 900-4200 Angstrem, respectively. Wavelength tuning in each of the two subranges is carried out by solely the rotation of the VLS-gratings. Due to the proper choice of p1 VLS-grating coefficients, the focal distance varies only slightly over the entire spectral range, and the p2 VLS-grating coefficients are used to suppress the aberrations of the mirror and the gratings. The resolving power of the configuration obtained by numerical ray tracing exceeds 1000 in the 125-1000 Angstrem range and 2000 in the 900-4200 Angstrem range. Keywords: VUV, spectroscopy, VLS-grating, synchrotron radiation.
Frequency-selective propagation of spin waves in a three-dimensional magnon T-shaped splitter
Authors: Martyshkin A.A.  , Beginin E. N.  , Sadovnikov A.V.
Published: January 2023

Using numerical and experimental methods, the mechanism of control of the transmission of a spin-wave signal in a three-dimensional magnon splitter, formed by an orthogonal junction of magnetic strips of yttrium iron garnet, has been investigated. It is shown that by variation the size of the air gap between the spin-waveguide sections, it is possible to control the selection of the signal propagating in the output sections of the structure. From an applied point of view, the results obtained can be used to create an interconnection element in multilevel magnon information processing devices for the formation of multilayer magnon network topologies and miniaturization of computing devices based on the principles of magnonics. Key words: spin waves, magnonics, three-dimensional interconnections, micromagnetic modeling. Keywords: spin waves, magnonic, micromagnetic simulations, three-dimensional structure.
Visualization of conducting channels in polymer layers by atomic force microscopy with a conducting probe
Authors: V. M. Kornilov  , A. N. Lachinov  , A. R. Yusupov
Published: January 2023

The results of an experimental study of the local electrophysical properties of ultrathin polymer films by atomic force microscopy with a conducting probe are presented. It is established that visualization of current flow sites (conducting channels) is possible in areas from which the surface layer has been mechanically removed. The conducting channels in the current image have the form of individual points with a height corresponding to the locally flowing current. It is found that the location of the observed channels correlates well with the model of conductivity along the grain boundaries of the supramolecular structure of the polymer. Keywords: thin polymer films, atomic force microscopy with a conducting probe, conducting channels, supramolecular structure.
Optimization of fabrication processes for Nb, NbN, NbTiN films and high-quality tunnel junctions for terahertz receiving circuits.
Authors: A.M. Chekushkin  , L.V. Filippenko  , A.A. Lomov  , Liu Dong  , Shi Sheng-Cai  , V.P. Koshelets
Published: January 2023

This paper describes the optimization of the existing technology for the fabrication of superconducting films and high-quality tunnel junctions on a magnetron sputtering facility. To expand the frequency range to 1.1 THz and to obtain the limiting parameters of superconducting elements, the regimes of production of Nb, NbN, NbTiN films were optimized. These films are used to fabricate superconductor-insulator-superconductor Nb/Al--AlN/NbN tunnel junctions. Al and NbTiN films are required to create receiving elements at frequencies above 700 GHz (the cutoff frequency for niobium); such structures are being developed for the radio astronomy array receiver located in the Atacama Pathfinder Experiment telescope. Keywords: superconductivity, tunnel junctions, magnetron sputtering, thin films.
THE DEPENDENCE OF THE EXPRESSION OF CCR7 BY MONOCYTE-DERIVED DENDRITIC CELLS ON THE MATURATION COMPOUND
Authors:   Ural State Medical University, Sazonov Sergey V. , Fadeyev Fedor A. ,   Ural State Medical University, Nikanorova Anastasia D. ,   Institute of Medical Cell Technologies, Zamyatin Aleksandr V. ,   Sverdlovsk Regional Oncological Dispensary
Published: January 2023

Dendritic cells (DCs), loaded with tumor antigens, are widely investigated as a potential therapeutic tool for cancer treatment. CCR7 plays the key role in DCs migration to lymph nodes for the anti-tumor immune response activation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different compositions for DC maturation on the CCR7 expression. Materials and methods. DCs were derived from peripheral blood monocytes in medium supplemented with GM-CSF and IL-4. Five different compounds were used for stimulation of DCs maturation. The expression of CCR7 was evaluated by flow cytometry. Results and discussion. The highest level of CCR7 expression was seen when the ‘‘cytokine cocktail” (TNF+IL-1+IL-6+PGE2) or the poly I:C were used for the stimulation of cell maturation. At the same time, the immunosuppressive effect of PGE2 and poly I:C cannot be excluded. Therefore, additional investigations of functionality of DCs after induced maturation are required.
CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS WITH DISCORDANT IMMUNE RESPONSE TO ART IN THE SVERDLOVSK REGION
Authors:   Sverdlovsk Regional Center for the Prevention and Control of AIDS, Balykchinova Tatiana V. , Zhukov Vyacheslav V. ,   Sverdlovsk Regional Center for the Prevention and Control of AIDS
Published: January 2023

The aim of the study — to analyze clinical and epidemiological indicators, the chances of death in patients with a discordant immune response in the Sverdlovsk region; to identify the range of values of CD4+ lymphocytes at the beginning of treatment, in which the development of DIR is probably. Materials and methods. We conducted a cohort retrospective study of HIV-infected patients who were observed in the Sverdlovsk region and had a level of CD4+lymphocytes at the beginning of treatment <350 cl/mcl. Two groups were formed: the main one (DIR) — patients, who had CD4 <350 cl/mcl 1 year after the start of ART and then it never has risen higher; control one — patients, who had CD4 >350 cl /mcl 1 year after the start of ART and then it never has fallen below. Results. According to the results of the study, we revealed the influence of the following factors on the recovery of CD4+ T-lymphocytes: age — older age prevailed in the group of patients with DIR (Me 39 (Q1-Q3: 35-44)) in relation to patients of the control group (Me 35 (Q1-Q3:31-40)); male sex had a higher chance of DIR (OR 2,058; 95% CI 1,864-2,272); HIV transmission pathway — drug-addicted patients had DIR more often. The risks of death were significantly higher in the group of patients with DIR: from all causes (OR 3,522; 95% CI 3,041-4,079), from HIV-related causes (OR 5,445; 95% CI 4,317-6,867), from non-HIV-related causes (OR 2,426; 95% CI 2,011-2,927). The baseline level of CD4+ lymphocytes before ART in the DIR group was significantly lower (Me 91 (Q1-Q3: 39-154)) in relation to patients of the control group (Me 240 (Q1-Q3: 160-295)). We obtained the threshold value of CD4+ lymphocytes using ROC analysis — 165 cl/µl.It can be used to predict the recovery of CD4+ lymphocytes above 350 cl/µl. Conclusion. A discordant immune response to ART can be caused by many factors. The level of CD4+lymphocytes before the start of ART strongly affects the immune response and can be used to predict the recovery of CD4+ above 350 cl/µl.
TESTING AS A CRITERION FOR VALIDATION OF THE LEVEL OF TRAINING OF STUDENTS
Authors:   Ural State Medical University, Kolomiets Olga V. , Filippova Elena V. ,   Ural State Medical University, Fatikhov Ilsur M. ,   Ural State Medical University
Published: January 2023

The article presents the view of the staff of the Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology of the Ural State Medical University (USMU) on modern methods of teaching university students, using test modular controls, justification of the necessity and usefulness of this system of assessing students’ knowledge, in connection with the formation in the minds of students of clear definitions of clinical phenomena and unambiguity of criteria for diagnosis, as well as the practical significance of the further application of the acquired knowledge by future specialists due to the development of the specifics of manipulations and algorithmic actions during the performance of medical duty.
Hypermodern Documentary Context: A Kernel of Authentic Choices
Authors: Valkola Jarmo
Published: January 2023

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Commuting graph of CA−groups
Authors: Torktaz Mehdi , Reza Ashrafi Ali
Published: January 2023

A group G is called a CA−group, if all the element centralizers of G are abelian and the commuting graph of G with respect to a subset A of G, denoted by Γ(G, A), is a simple undirected graph with vertex set A and two distinct vertices a and b are adjacent if and only if ab = ba. The aim of this paper is to generalize results of a recently published paper of F. Ali, M. Salman and S. Huang [On the commuting graph of dihedral group, Comm. Algebra 44 (6) (2016) 2389—2401] to the case that G is an CA−group.
Resistance distance of generalized wheel and dumbbell graph using symmetric {1}-inverse of Laplacian matrix
Authors: Kaliyaperumal Sakthidevi , Desikan Kalyani
Published: January 2023

A new class of graphs called dumbbell graphs, denoted by DB(Wm,n) is the graph obtained from two copies of generalized wheel graph Wm,n, m ≥ 2, n ≥ 3. It is a graph on 2 (m + n) vertices obtained by connecting m-vertices in one copy with the corresponding vertices in the other copy. The resistance distance between two vertices vi and vj, denoted by rij , is defined as the effective electrical resistance between them if each edge of G is replaced by 1 ohm resistor. The Kirchhoff index is the sum of the resistance distances between all pairs of vertices in the graph. In this paper, we formulate the resistance distance of Wm,n and DB(Wm,n) using Symmetric {1}-inverse of Laplacian matrices. We provide examples to illustrate the proposed method and also obtain the Kirchhoff indices for these examples.
Study of multiplicative derivation and its additivity
Authors: Ahmed Wasim , Mozumder Muzibur Rahman , Madni Arshad
Published: January 2023

In this paper, we modify the result of M. N. Daif [1] on multiplicative derivations in rings. He showed that the multiplicative derivation is additive by imposing certain conditions on the ring ℜ. Here, we have proved the above result with lesser conditions than M. N. Daif for getting multiplicative derivation to be additive.
El resumen visual como medio de difusión de la investigación en educación médica
Authors: Dextre-Vilchez Sergio Armando , Febres-Ramos Richard Jeremy , Dextre-Vilchez Sofia Raquel , Mercado-Rey Miguel Raúl
Published: January 2023

En la actualidad, cada vez son más las revistas que participan en la creación de resúmenes visuales. Un resumen visual o también llamado visual abstract es un sumario simple, conciso y gráfico que incluye la metodología y los hallazgos más relevantes de un artículo. Posee la característica de ser interpretado y entendido fácilmente por alguien que no leyó el texto completo del artículo del que proviene. Es presentado en un diseño gráfico que combina iconos, estructura predefinida y colores. Suele ser realizada por los propios autores como también por los editores de las revistas. El principal objetivo de una revista al mostrar resúmenes visuales es incrementar su presencia en las redes sociales y, con ello, aumentar indirectamente el número de lectores de sus artículos de investigación, incrementando así las citas y los factores de impacto. La investigación en educación médica ayuda a potenciar el aprendizaje a través de nuevas técnicas, herramientas y recursos. Un incremento en la lectura de este tipo de investigaciones y la atracción de lectores por medio de los resúmenes visuales tendría un impacto positivo en las aulas de clase. Además, permitirá que los estudiantes de medicina tomen el rol como creadores y consumidores. La inclusión del diseño de un resumen visual como presentaciones de carteles en reuniones académicas y conferencias es una novedosa sugerencia. Las recomendaciones planteadas en el presente artículo buscan promover la utilización de los resúmenes visuales como medio de difusión de la investigación en educación médica.
Estados emocionales y hábitos en estudiantes universitarios durante la pandemia de COVID-19: un estudio transversal
Authors: Brito-Suárez Juliette Marie , Alpuche Hernández Amílcar , Gutiérrez Camacho Claudia
Published: January 2023

Introducción: La pandemia por COVID-19 desencadenó consecuencias graves en la salud tanto física como emocional de la población en general.

Objetivo: Describir los perfiles emocionales y los hábitos de actividad física, sueño, consumo de tabaco y alcohol en estudiantes de fisioterapia, en el contexto de la pandemia por COVID-19.

Método: Se llevó a cabo una encuesta transversal entre julio y agosto de 2021, a través de un formulario de Google forms. Se administró la escala PANAS para evaluar el afecto positivo y negativo, el cuestionario ICSP para evaluar la calidad del sueño y el cuestionario IPAQ-S para estimar el nivel de actividad física.

Resultados: Se incluyeron 60 estudiantes entre 17 y 22 años, principalmente del sexo femenino (71.7%). La mayoría de los participantes informó tener un bajo consumo de alcohol (43.3%) y tabaco (96.7%). Una mayor proporción reportó un nivel alto de actividad física (53.3%) y consideró que disminuyó después de que inició la pandemia de COVID-19 (76.7%). En cuanto a la calidad del sueño, la mayoría de los estudiantes reportaron dormir mal (66.7%). Identificamos un perfil emocional “positivo”, relacionado con afecto positivo, y tres perfiles relacionados con afecto negativo; “molesto”, “ansioso” y “culpable”.

Conclusiones: Basados en la descripción de los patrones de respuesta emocional y los hábitos de actividad física, sueño y consumo de alcohol y tabaco de los participantes, se sugiere establecer programas de apoyo psicológico, haciendo énfasis en el manejo de los recursos emocionales que tienen los estudiantes para enfrentar situaciones estresantes provocadas por el confinamiento durante la pandemia del COVID-19.
Perfil de las sociedades científicas de estudiantes en las ciencias de la salud del Perú
Authors: Castro-Rodríguez Yuri
Published: January 2023

Introducción: Las sociedades científicas de estudiantes (SCE) son comunidades de aprendizaje donde el estudiante forma sus competencias investigativas.

Objetivo: Elaborar un perfil contextualizado de las características de las SCE en los programas de las ciencias de la salud existentes en el Perú.

Método: Se diseñó un estudio de tipo descriptivo y transversal, en el que se utilizó el análisis documental y la encuesta. La población se compuso de todas las SCE existentes en el Perú hasta diciembre del 2020, exploradas a través de sus redes sociales y encuestas a sus líderes. Las categorías fueron: conformación, pertenencia institucional, visibilidad, trayectoria y actividades académico-científicas.

Resultados: De las 143 universidades analizadas en el Perú, 105 presentaron al menos un programa relacionado a las ciencias de la salud, el 32.4% (n = 34) tuvo al menos una SCE; la mayoría presentes en universidades estatales. 11 universidades presentaron más de una SCE, por lo que en total se registraron 52 SCE, el 71.2% (n = 37) existentes en el programa de Medicina Humana. El periodo de fundación de las SCE varió desde 1991 hasta el 2020. Sus principales actividades incluyeron: dictado de cursos sobre redacción científica, publicación de artículos, participación en concursos, talleres y seminarios relacionados a metodología de la investigación.

Conclusiones: El perfil contextualizado de las SCE permite documentar la presencia de semilleros de investigación desde hace más de 30 años en el Perú, se encuentran aproximadamente en un tercio de las universidades con al menos un programa de las ciencias de la salud, siendo una experiencia mayormente desarrollada en las universidades estatales.
A cien años de la concepción de una idea: insulina y diabetes
Authors: Fortoul Teresa I.
Published: January 2023

We have witnessed the change in life that was imposed with the passage of COVID throughout the world, now we will have the opportunity to carry out an intimate account of what we have learned during the last twelve months and not stop taking care of who we are and what we still have .

The World Health Organization established November 14, the day of the birth of Frederick Banting, considered the father of insulin, as World Diabetes Day, with the desire to raise awareness about the dangers of this deadly disease to which we continue to give battle without quarter This 2022 will be the 100th anniversary of the first diabetic patient treated with insulin, a date that should not be forgotten. Since the application of this first dose of insulin to Leonard Thompson, much progress has been made in relation to the treatment of patients with Diabetes Mellitus.
Mucormicosis rinocerebral e infeccin por SARS-CoV-2. Revisión de caso clínico e imagenológico en un paciente con diabetes mellitus mal controlada
Authors: Sánchez Vargas Karla B. , Ramírez Bustos Angie , Navarro Ocampo Gerardo
Published: January 2023

The clinical case of a 52-year-old man is presented, with a pathological history of type 2 diabetes mellitus and systemic arterial hypertension, the two with 3 years of evolution and metabolically decompensated for 8 months of evolution. He started with symptoms suggestive of SARS-CoV-2, which evolved in 2 weeks with increased dyspnea, fever, and left eye edema, for which he received in-hospital management. Control studies were performed, including computed tomography of the chest and skull, the first CO-RADS 5 report (very high suspicion of SARS-CoV-2 infection) with a severity scale due to severe extension; the second reported pneumocephalus in the left temporal fossa, left ocular infectious process, which conditioned proptosis, left intraorbital emphysema with involvement of the optic nerve and erosion of adjacent bone structures, as well as emphysema to the left masticatory space. During his stay, he presented an acute infectious process in the maxillary region, left eye and palate, for which mucormycosis pathology was suspected, and treatment with intravenous amphotericin was started. He required intensive therapy management and surgical intervention derived from the extension of the infection, which affected the brain tissue and generated complications and the death of the patient. Mucormycosis is a low prevalence and rapidly progressive disease caused by fungi of the Mucoraceae family of the Mucorales order. It is the fastest evolving fatal fungal disease in humans. For this reason, timely detection and treatment is of utmost importance for the survival of those affected by this agent. Keywords: Rhinocerebral mucormycosis; SARS-CoV-2 infection; COVID-19.
Factores relacionados con la probabilidad de éxito en los Cursos Nacionales de Actualización en Matemáticas I
Authors: Garduño Estrada León R. , Raccanello Kristiano
Published: January 2023

En el estado de Puebla, de 1 498 maestros inscritos en el Curso Nacional de Actualización en Matemáticas I durante el ciclo escolar 2002-2003, solamente 1.2% acreditaron con el nivel “esperado”. Como extensión de una investigación anterior, este trabajo presenta los resultados de la aplicación de un modelo de análisis probit con el fin de determinar los factores que se relacionan con la acreditación. Los resultados mostraron 23 variables significativas dentro de los factores vocacionales, ambiente de trabajo, características personales, etc. Tales resultados se discuten en términos del empleo de una técnica de análisis multivariado con variable dependiente categórica; de la relevancia de los diferentes factores estudiados, y de la importancia de los Cursos Nacionales de Actualización para el mejoramiento de la calidad educativa en el país.
Políticas de orientación agrícola y pedagogía normalista. Entre Ríos, Argentina, 1900-1920
Authors: Gutiérrez Talía Violeta
Published: January 2023

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar un aspecto de la política educativa en la provincia de Entre Ríos (Argentina), que pretendía vincular la formación de maestros, la escuela rural y la enseñanza agropecuaria, entre 1900 y 1920, en plena expansión agroexportadora. En el contexto de la construcción de hegemonía por parte de la élite dirigente, uno de cuyos aspectos era la preocupación por lograr el arraigo de la familia de los sectores subalternos en el campo y la asimilación del inmigrante, se destaca el hecho de que la propuesta proviniera de educadores normalistas. Su actuación como agentes de las políticas públicas de educación agraria –no exentas de tensiones con los profesionales agronómicos– imprimió a éstas un sello particular, ocupando un lugar clave en el proyecto la escuela normal de maestros rurales Alberdi.
La educación en México. Los libros oficiales de lectura editados durante el gobierno de Lázaro Cárdenas, 1934-1940
Authors: Montes De Oca Navas Elvia
Published: January 2023

Este ensayo analiza los contenidos ideológicos de dos series de libros de lectura que fueron publicados por el gobiern mexicano mediante la Secretaría de Educación Pública, durante el gobierno de Lázaro Cárdenas del Río. En este documento comparo los contenidos ideológicos que se divulgaron en las lecturas de las dos series, llegando a la conclusión de que cambiaron los escenarios: ciudad-campo, y los protagonistas: obreros-campesinos y sus familias, pero los contenidos ideológicos, inclusive los morales, fueron los mismos en ambas series de libros: una fuerte crítica a la sociedad capitalista en la que se vivía en esos años, explicando sus orígenes en la injusta repartición de la riqueza; un fuerte llamado al nacionalismo y al reconocimiento del Estado, colocado por encima de las clases, como dirigente principal del grupo social, vigilante de la educación de los niños en las escuelas primarias; de ahí la edición oficial de los libros analizados.
Del Mito al Logos en los Sistemas Normativos
Authors: Mañón Garibay Guillermo José
Published: January 2023

Toda mitología trata de explicar conceptos fundamentales como deber, orden, obediencia, falta/culpa y castigo, presentes en todo sistema normativo. También son los conceptos que transitan con el logos a las teorías éticas y jurídicas contemporáneas. El tema del presente artículo es dar cuenta de cómo estos conceptos fueron incorporados dentro de los mitos y cómo más tarde fueron racionalizados por la filosofía.
La Tension entre el Principio de Laicidad y el deber de Proteger el Patrimonio Cultural Religioso. Una Obra de Sergio Alejandro Parra Fernandez
Authors: Capdevielle Pauline
Published: January 2023

Los estudios en torno a religión, política y derecho son objeto, en los últimos años, de un renovado interés en América Latina, en sociedades cada vez más plurales y complejas, tanto a nivel religioso, cultural como ideológico. Lejos de ser un problema resuelto, la cuestión religiosa sigue siendo espinosa, como puede apreciarse en materia educativa, en la definición e implementación de políticas sexuales y reproductivas, el trato igualitario hacia minorías confesionales, las subvenciones estatales a entidades religiosas, para mencionar algunas problemáticas. Otra de las cuestiones que desvela las tensiones no resueltas entre lo político y lo religioso es la relación —extremada compleja, diversa y rica— entre religión y cultura.
Automated Vehicle Number Plate Detection and Recognition
Authors: Kamble Prathamesh , Pisal Rohit , Khade Hrutik , Sole Vishal , Bhujbal Prof. S. R.
Published: January 2023

Abstract: In this project, a Digital Image Processing-based prototype is developed. Actions such as Image Acquisition, enhancement that is pre-processing, Segmentation of the license plate and then application of OCR (Optical Character Recognition) is applied to store the number on text form. The plate number is displayed as text on the terminal using the principle of OCR with help of Tesseract engine. It is seen that the security forces and authorities face problems whenever security forces chase a vehicle or they can’t catch a vehicle which broke traffic rules. Authorities find it very hectic on a busy day to log the vehicle numbers manually in a parking lot.