bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Foreign Bodies, Irish Voices: Gothic Masculinities in Irish Literature, Film and Radio Drama
Authors: de Brún Sorcha
Published: May 2024

This chapter examines the proliferation of gothic masculinities in several Irish language contemporary novels, films and radio dramas, focusing in particular on the novel Éiric Fola (Colm Ó Ceallaigh), the short film An Ranger (PJ Dillon), and the radio drama An Duairceán (Aodh Ó Domhnaill). It begins with a background discussion of the concept of gothic masculinities in Irish. Taking Sarah E. McKibben’s concept of endangered masculinities in Bardic Poetry as the starting point for discussion and context, it argues that a significant number of contemporary texts in modern Irish focus on the male experience and can be read as representations of multiple masculinities. It then moves on to a close reading of the selected texts, considering the frequency with which masculinities are explored using gothic modes. The chapter ultimately argues that while there is extensive use of classic gothic modes and themes in these Irish language texts, a striking feature is the way in which the concept of the foreign is used in a myriad of ways, as both gothic literary device and gothic theme.
Portrait of the Provincial Artist as an Urban Intellectual
Authors: Dönmez-Colin Gönül
Published: May 2024

This chapter introduces Ceylan’s earlier feature films, Kasaba/The Small Town (1997), Mayıs Sıkıntısı/Clouds of May (1999) and Uzak/Distant (2002) leading to İklimler/Climates (2006) as a tetralogy emphasizing the conflicting identities of the main characters. Province is a strong definer in all films of Ceylan but more as a vessel to delve into the complexities hidden inside liminal characters who carry the province within them. The province inside also appears as nostalgia for the innocence lost or the security that its womb-like insularity offers, but mostly as shame, or even a sense of culpability as the ambition for transcendence of economic, social or cultural class involves betrayal of the roots. Textual readings of the films emphasize as the central theme in the first two features, the alienation of the provincial characters in a country facing rapid social and economic growth that has liminalized those unable or unwilling to follow the status quo. This develops into the theme of the abandoned dreams of the urbanized provincial artist/intellectual in Distant to reappear in later films. The films are explored in terms of the way the characters negotiate multiple identities-provincial/artist/urban/intellectual/son/lover/citizen-, personal and collective memory and temporality.
Of Fathers, Sons and ‘Solitary, Misshapen’ Trees: Ahlat Ağacı/The Wild Pear Tree (2018) 1
Authors: Liktor Coşkun
Published: May 2024

Ceylan’s strikingly male-centred films focus on alienated, emotionally impoverished, discontented male characters, including young boys and adolescents in conflict with antagonising paternal and maternal figures. A key theme running through Ceylan’s oeuvre that finds its culmination in The Wild Pear Tree is the father-son relationship, which carries socio-political implications, leading to the interpretation of his films as allegorical takes on Turkish national identity and the political situation in Turkey.
Using a psychoanalytic framework, this chapter presents a close reading of The Wild Pear Tree, as an oedipal drama about a son who struggles to surmount the dilemma posed by a humiliated father that fails to embody the paternal function. Freudian and Lacanian insights are brought to analyse the protagonist’s relationship with his father, as well as his relationship with his mother, who makes up the third pole of the oedipal triangle. Highlighting the interplay between love and hate that colours their relationship, the chapter traces the protagonist’s oedipal journey which culminates in his identification with his father who transforms from an object of contempt into an emulative ideal, and an aspiring writer who desires a life unlike his father’s narrow, provincial life finds himself following in his footsteps, becoming heir to a legacy of disillusionment and thwarted hopes.
‘Original Spirit’: Translating the Maternal Educator
Authors: Kirkley Laura
Published: May 2024

This chapter focuses primarily on Elements of Morality, for the Use of Children (1790), Wollstonecraft’s interventionist translation of Christian Gotthilf Salzmann’s Moralisches Elementarbuch (1782-3; new edition 1785) in which she ‘domesticates’ the German source text for her British readership. This translational strategy, in which she gives her version ‘the spirit of an original’, reflects her effort to make her target audience receptive to the moral and cultural value of the German text. The chapter demonstrates that Elements should be read as a creative work which bears witness to Wollstonecraft’s critical agency in a male-dominated transnational public sphere where the cosmopolitan exchange of enlightened ideas was offset by a struggle, between nations, for cultural pre-eminence. Wollstonecraft’s interpolated material brings a transnational dimension to the narrative that reflects both her British resistance to French cultural hegemony and her cosmopolitan broadmindedness. Through the character of Mrs Jones, Wollstonecraft also establishes a connection between Elements and Original Stories from Real Life, transforming Salzmann’s maternal figure into a Mrs Mason-like mouthpiece for her developing feminism and reformist politics as well as her philanthropic philosophy.
Coda ‘ Out-Laws of the World’: Cosmopolitanism in The Wrongs of Woman: or, Maria
Authors: Kirkley Laura
Published: May 2024

The Coda argues that, in her unfinished draft of her final novel, The Wrongs of Woman: or, Maria, Wollstonecraft re-examines the cosmopolitan ethic of caring, delineating the mechanisms that cultivate or suppress philanthropy and constructing a symbolic model for world citizenship. The chapter contends that, when the eponymous protagonist, Maria, leaves her marriage, she embarks on a project of symbolic expatriation, rejecting a home nation where patriarchal laws and prejudices keep her oppressed. Through the solidarity between Maria and the former sex worker, Jemima, Wollstonecraft depicts two ‘stateless’ women committing to an ethic of caring which, although confined to an enclosed sentimental community, crosses class boundaries, represents the human capacity for philanthropy and palliates wrongs perpetrated under a British legal system demonstrably at variance with the universal framework of justice. The coda concludes with reflections on the different aspects and implications of Wollstonecraft’s cosmopolitan ethic as it develops in the course of her oeuvre.
Planning in the Scottish Borders Broadens its Horizons
Authors: Hope Douglas G.
Published: May 2024

This chapter details how modernity came to the Scottish Borders in various disguises; housing schemes inspired by the design and construction adopted in Scotland’s New Towns, supermarkets, pedestrian crossings and roundabouts. It explores how, influenced by the social, economic and political changes taking place in the 1960s, town and country planning in the Scottish Borders became more proactive. Technical working parties were established to assess the development potential of the main towns, and greater emphasis was placed on the conservation of the built environment of Border towns and villages. The chapter describes how increasing attention was paid to the future of the smaller settlements in the landward areas as focal points for services and facilities in a bid to stem rural depopulation. It shows how rural issues came to the fore with the increasing impact of changing farming practices on the landscape and the growing pressure for countryside recreation.
How Germany and the UK Anticipated ISIS’s Rise to Power in Syria and Iraq
Authors: Guttmann Aviva , Michaels Eva
Published: May 2024

ISIS’ rise to power in Syria and Iraq in 2013-14 was a slow-burning crisis with significant implications for European security. This chapter explores how intelligence and expert communities in the UK and Germany anticipated ISIS’ expansion in Syria and Iraq and its reach into Europe during an early phase of the crisis (July 2013–June 2014). It looks at three interconnected sub-questions: what were knowledge producers surprised about as the crisis unfolded, how did they perform, and what were the underlying reasons for performance problems? Special attention is paid to the conditions under which knowledge producers in both countries operated, by considering factors that hindered or enabled their ability to forecast risk-related developments. The analysis draws on a systematic review of open-source knowledge claims by selected non-governmental experts as well as interviews and workshops with knowledge producers and users in both countries. The chapter contributes to knowledge of how terrorist groups emerge and how effectively experts warn about their activities and the underlying conditions that these groups can exploit and exacerbate.
‘Intransigence and Domestic Strife’: 1946–1964
Authors: Torrance David
Published: May 2024

Scottish Liberal decline continued after a further reorganisation which saw the creation of a ‘Scottish Liberal Party’ in 1946. Until the early 1950s, this new party lacked any MPs and came close to extinction. The emergence of Jo Grimond gave Scottish Liberalism a foothold in Parliament and an opportunity to rebuild, which it did in the late 1950s and early 1960s, culminating in the election of several MPs at the 1964 election. This chapter looks at the personalities involved in the party’s revival, as well as its ‘regional’ policy and third-party appeal as the Scottish Unionist Party began to decline.
‘Home Rule in a Federal Britain’: 1964–1979
Authors: Torrance David
Published: May 2024

This chapter examines the changing fortunes of the Scottish Liberal Party after 1964, a period of electoral growth followed by a reverse at the 1970 general election. Crucially, it was not the only third force in Scottish politics at this time, and a major theme of this chapter were Scottish Liberal attempts to reach an accommodation with the Scottish National Party on the basis that both supported constitutional change. This produced renewed internal tension, something partially resolved by the emergence of David Steel as UK leader in 1976. Another theme of this chapter is the party’s breakthrough in Scottish local government.
Modernism, Material Culture and the First World War
Authors: Van Dijck Cedric
Published: May 2024

What did modernist writers make of the things of war? Often studied for its fascination with the shell-shocked mind, modernist literature is also packed with more tangible traces of the First World War, from helmets, trench art and tombstones to shop signs, military newspapers and leaflets dropped from airplanes. Modernism, Material Culture and the First World War asks what experimental writers read into these objects and how the conflict prompted a way of thinking of their writings as objects in their own right. Ranging from 1914 to the early 1940s, the chapters in this book weave together prose and poems by Guillaume Apollinaire, E. M. Forster, Virginia Woolf, Hope Mirrlees and Mulk Raj Anand.
E. M. Forster in the Streets
Authors: Van Dijck Cedric
Published: May 2024

This chapter explores the representational crisis posed by the First World War. I begin by examining the print artefacts that helped new arrivals in Egypt navigate and interpret this unfamiliar setting, including colonial newspapers, dictionaries and travel guides. Because of their layout and practical use, these documents drew attention to their status as print artefacts. A concern with the materiality of language and print also developed into a preoccupation within these pages. In the Egyptian Mail and Alexandria: A History and a Guide, E. M. Forster staged encounters with shop signs and monument inscriptions as a way of grappling with the war’s linguistic crisis. Ranging from spelling mistakes enlarged on English shop signs in Cairo to the indecipherable scripts on the ancient monuments of Alexandria, words on public display brought the material and visual qualities of language, rather than its referentiality, newly into view. For Forster, these objects of writing – censored papers, shop signs, monument plaques – were at the heart of his response to the conflict, developing into concretely tangible records of the war’s epistemological crisis.
How ‘German’ was German Film in Denmark during the Silent Era?
Authors: Sørensen Lars-Martin
Published: May 2024

The chapter analyses how Danish print media perceived and presented German film culture in the two decades of silent cinema from 1910 to the advent of sound in the late 1920s. It focuses particularly on the extent to which questions of nationality came into play. It looks at how the two major stars of the German cinema of the 1910s, Asta Nielsen and Henny Porten, were covered by the Danish press. The research is based primarily on a study of Danish daily newspapers throughout the period, but also draws insights from trade press publications.
Bodging Theatrical Faith
Authors: Altman Joel B.
Published: May 2024

The book ends with a final, spiritual, question: though one can bodge verbal and visual patches onto one’s text, can one also bodge theatrical faith into it? It is faith in the possibility of Hermione’s resurrection that Paulina demands of Leontes, and of the theatre audience, too. But what would be required for such faith to be experienced and requited? The answer would seem to be pleasure--new, unanticipated, overwhelming pleasure such as cannot possibly be conceived without some foretaste. Yet Shakespeare apparently provides even that. One delight precedes another in the fourth and fifth acts, which the players may enjoy as they prepare the miracle they will perform as they rehearse its ending unbeknownst to their audience when a living Hermione tells an astonished Perdita, “You gods look down, / And from / your sacred vials pour your graces / Upon my daughter’s head! Tell me, mine own, / Where hast thou been preserved? Where lived? How found / Thy father’s court? For thou shalt hear that I, / Knowing by Paulina that the oracle / Gave hope thou wast in being. Have preserved / Myself to see the issue” (5.1.121-8.)
A Language of One's Own
Authors: Nashef Ismail
Published: May 2024

Following the establishment of Israel in 1948, literary Arabic became one of the main representatives of Palestinian collective within Israel, and therefore a contested public site. Various state agencies and Palestinian groups were active in this public site, calling for certain ways of reading and writing in Arabic. These ways influenced the processes of reshaping the Palestinian collective that were ignited by the war of 1948. Addressing the Palestinian reading public in Israel, both state agencies and Palestinian groups used literary criticism, as well as other genres, to promote and inculcate their preferred ways of reading and writing. The main argument of the book is that since 1948 there have been three distinct modes for addressing the Palestinian reading public through literary Arabic: the public intellectual mode, the academic mode, and the professional expert mode. Based on rich data (literary, historical, and legal), the book offers in-depth and critical explorations of these modes, providing historical and structural analyses. It concludes by demonstrating the settler colonial structural barriers that obstruct the rebuilding Palestinian collective, highlighting their literary embodiment in the practices of Palestinians as well as Israeli state agencies.
Introduction
Authors: Nashef Ismail
Published: May 2024

The introduction outlines the book’s content and structure. It presents the research topic, the attendant phenomena, and the main questions to be explored. It positions the research within the theoretical academic literature, delineating its methodological tools. It then defines the criteria by which the relevant data was collected, and how it is classified and analyzed in the chapters of the book. The Introduction concludes with a section describing the structure of the book by summarizing its chapters.
Reading and Choice: Ali Smith’s How to Be Both and Marlene van Niekerk’s Memorandum
Authors: Attridge Derek
Published: May 2024

What have been termed ‘ergodic’ novels are those in which the experience of reading includes elements that need to be taken in separately at a time of the reader’s own choosing. This chapter provides a survey of some examples of ergodic novels, and asks whether this feature can operate independently of the work’s content to enhance the reader’s experience. Two novels are given special attention: Ali Smith’s How to Be Both, in which two different reading experiences are possible depending on the order in which the two halves are read, and Marlene van Niekerk’s Memorandum, which includes a set of paintings by Adriaan van Zyl and two addenda. Three different narrative strands in Memorandum are identified, in addition to the complicating presence of the paintings.
Judith Butler and Politics
Authors: Zaharijevic Adriana
Published: May 2024

Judith Butler and Politics is the only monograph-length study of the work of Judith Butler to focus on the entire scope of their work, including the last decade of their writing. It presents a completely new interpretation of Butler’s political thought, oriented by the idea of an insurrection at the level of the real. In chapters on ontology, performativity, agency and precariousness, a liveable life and nonviolence, it explains how Butler’s thought has always been focused on embodied performances. Instead of seeing Butler as simply a thinker of the subversive performance of cultural scripts, the book frames their work for the twenty-first century as an ambitious and coherent egalitarian alternative to liberal political philosophy. In each chapter, it introduces a Butlerian concept, clarifying this in the context of critical debates, while explaining its contribution to a new social ontology whose key normative principle is a liveable life. The chapters then explore the potential of this conceptual framework not just in relation to the politics of gender, but also to questions of social inequality, structural violence and the experience of precarity. Designed for both researchers and students, the book provides a comprehensive way of accessing what is radically original about this crucial political theorist.
Bodies and Norms
Authors: Zaharijevic Adriana
Published: May 2024

The key claim of this chapter is that the relation between bodies and norms is at the core of the theory of performativity. Performativity is the category that says something about the reality in which we appear as embodied/gendered beings, about how this reality has been constituted for us, and about our role in its constitution. The chapter functions as a kind of genealogy of the idea of the performative within Butler’s early work, presented through its constitutive philosophical motifs. It scrutinizes the concepts of becoming, norms, acts, deessentialized body, repetition under constraint, and distinguishes between the notions of performance and performativity. Performativity is regarded in its intersections with gender, along which it conceptually developed. This is why the chapter tackles early Butler’s work and their interpretation of De Beauvoir, Wittig, Rubin, Foucault and Hegel.
Nonviolence
Authors: Zaharijevic Adriana
Published: May 2024

The chapter delves into Butler’s understanding of nonviolence. The first part offers a trajectory of the notion of violence, tracing its appearances in Butler’s thought from the very beginning, where one would probably not expect to find it, to the present where it has become fully recognised as the landmark theme of their work. The lives that do not count in the present configuration of the world are exposed to violence which both precedes and effectuates their not counting. If violence is seen as a particular social bond between the body and the world, the central question is how to do this bond differently, taking into account our vulnerability, plurality, and the unchosenness of our cohabitation. The chapter shows that there are two main paths toward this goal. One is the active repudiation of our own violent and destructive impulses, while the other refers to acknowledging interdependence between all lives on Earth. Interdependence appears as the pillar concept that describes our position in the world, by which we are all given relations that help us thrive or otherwise preclude us from possibility.
Historical Legacy
Authors: Ahmed Zahid Shahab , Akbar Ali
Published: May 2024

This chapter traces Iran’s historical influence in Afghanistan and Pakistan from the pre-Islamic era until the early modern period. The chapter shows how the flows of ideas, people, language and trade between Iran and the Indian subcontinent and between Iran and Greater Khorasan occurred over the course of history. It demonstrates that Iran has benefited from its imperial legacy (the Persian Empire) to promote goodwill in neighbouring Afghanistan and Pakistan in the contemporary period.
Iran’s Political Influence
Authors: Ahmed Zahid Shahab , Akbar Ali
Published: May 2024

This chapter explores Iran’s political influence in Afghanistan and Pakistan, with the intent of demonstrating how Tehran has employed a variety of tools to gain influence over certain political groups in the two countries. Since the Islamic Revolution of Iran in 1979, Tehran has initiated its activities to gain and expand its political influence in Afghanistan and Pakistan. This however has achieved different results because of the differing dynamics of the targeted countries. While Iran’s political influence in Pakistan is largely limited to Shi’a groups, including the most that have limited political impact and the Pakistan Peoples Party, Tehran’s political influence in Afghanistan has been more visible. As examined in this chapter, Iran has been trying for a greater influence in Afghanistan through direct connections with policymakers and government officials. In Pakistan, Iran’s influence remained limited to Shi’a groups and has not been fully expanded to formal political parties and parliament, although some of these Shi’a groups such as Majlis Wahdat-e-Muslimeen have often participated in formal politics. As analysed in this chapter, Iran’s political approach faces a serious test as the Afghan Taliban took over Afghanistan in 2021 and re-established the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan.
Recruitment: Shi’a Brigades in Syria
Authors: Ahmed Zahid Shahab , Akbar Ali
Published: May 2024

This chapter explores the extent to which Iran’s soft power strategies in both Afghanistan and Pakistan have enabled Tehran to recruit Shi’as of/from both countries. In terms of hard power dynamics, Iran’s recruitment of Shi’as from Afghanistan and Pakistan does not qualify the standard definition that focuses on for example the use of economic coercion and military power to influence the behaviour in other political bodies or countries. As there was no role of Kabul and Islamabad in the recruitment managed by Iran’s IRCG, this aspect cannot be labelled as Iran’s hard power. Iran’s ability to however recruit Shi’as from both countries provides enough evidence to suggest that it can benefit from its soft power in Afghanistan and Pakistan for military gains. While most Afghan combatants, mainly Hazara refugees, were lured through the promises of permanent residency and financial benefits, this study found that most of the Pakistani participants embarked on their missions to protect sacred Shi’as shrines in Syria. Despite Iran’s influence on Shi’a groups in both countries, this study found no evidence to suggest that the local religious groups were involved in the recruitment process.
Towards the Intensification of the Cinema
Authors: Escobar Cristóbal
Published: May 2024

Chapter 1 examines Deleuze’s film-philosophy and its reception: it aims to rethink his theorisation of the cinema as constituted by two opposite regimes of signs. By drawing on the concept of intensity in Difference and Repetition, this chapter reads Deleuze’s conception of the moving image as one singular element that moves and transforms in time. This means that Cinema 1: The Movement-Image and Cinema 2: The Time-Image, rather than forming two separate categories belonging to different ages, are understood as a single intensifying tendency that experiments with the art of crossing a verge – that is to say, they form a passage of intensity that differentiates from the classical to the modern as well as current film periods. Hence, ‘Towards the intensification of the cinema’, the title of this chapter, introduces the first ontological disparity with Deleuze’s system: that of the cinema being a morphogenetic process through which the intensive-image mutates into different states of itself. The chapter ends by looking at recent forms of slow and poetic films, which render visible not only the transformations taking place in the history of Deleuze’s cinema(s) but transformation itself as the actual procedure of an image that has intensified or become gaseous.
In Between Modernities and the Contemporaneous
Authors: Escobar Cristóbal
Published: May 2024

Chapter 4 returns to the epistemological aspects of Deleuze’s film-philosophy, but now from the point of view of Deleuze’s historicising thesis, widely criticised by writers from Jacques Rancière and Alain Badiou to David Bordwell. Here, I explore the proposition that Deleuze’s two cinemas dwell in between modernities rather than in between a classical and a modern era of the image. This is described under the deterritorialising quality of the intensive-image which manifests the breakdowns of representation and action as accounted for by Kant’s experience of modernity. In the second section of this chapter, which focuses on a certain notion of the contemporaneous, I thus expand and incorporate the fissures of Deleuze’s time-image into the previous (Kantian) image of reasoning. Drawing on Bergson’s ‘gigantic memory’ which makes his idea of virtuality a permanent intensifying structure, I explore the idea that Deleuze’s cinemas, both virtual parts, are similarly caught up in a Bergsonian movement that differentiates over time and which reaffirms the cracks in temporality itself that Deleuze associates with his idea of contemporariness – that is, an empty form of the present that Nietzsche calls ‘the untimely’.
Zama and the Method of Dramatisation: From Di Benedetto’s Novel to Martel’s Film
Authors: Escobar Cristóbal
Published: May 2024

Chapter 6 is a study of Lucrecia Martel’s Zama and the politics of her script adaptation from Antonio Di Benedetto’s book of the same name. Martel’s film is defined here by a complex ‘method of dramatisation’ that is played out at three interconnected levels. It appears first in her adaption of Di Benedetto’s novel where she pushes the writer’s elusive images towards higher levels of cinematic abstraction. This is done by means of a process that de-visualises, or renders more ambiguous, the standing of the literary protagonist. Second, in relation to Deleuze’s cinematic periods, it is suggested that Martel’s practice reveals a disruptive and polyphonic form of cinema that enlarges Deleuze’s time-image modernity towards more ‘dramatic’ or indeterminate scenarios. Finally, Martel’s method of dramatisation appears in relation to her tactile approach to the film itself. Here it is suggested that the ‘drama’ is incarnated in the bodily decline of her protagonist, by maintaining that Zama’s mental confusion, initially problematised in Di Benedetto’s book, is further obscured onscreen under issues of both personal and cultural identity, as well as under a feminist contamination of the novel.
What do Animals Teach Us About Intensity? On Sweetgrass and SEL’s Bodily Praxis
Authors: Escobar Cristóbal
Published: May 2024

Chapter 7 analyses Sensory Ethnography Lab’s first documentary film Sweetgrass in order to think about the animal as a figure of the political. I argue that SEL’s film affectively interrogates the traditional dichotomies of Cartesian philosophy by portraying an environment that is meaningful for both human animals and non-human animals alike. SEL’s ethnographic documentary, as with the critical approach of affect theory presented in this chapter, conceptualises animal-ontology from the perspective of an intensive-image that records pastoral life from a foreigner angle – that of a point of view coming from another animal eye. Additionally, in consideration of the ways in which the intensive-image entwines the cinematic past and its present, Sweetgrass also relies on Grass: A Nation’s Battle for Life, an early ethnographic work that manifests the intensities of a slow or contemplative cinematic tradition. More than a sensory-motor picture, I argue that Grass’s intensive-image conveys compelling sensory qualities, as well as a Bazinian construction of time, that is at the core of Sweetgrass’s aesthetics of temps mort, long shots and its renewed ability to introduce “the recreation of the world in its own image” (Bazin 2005, 21).
Value
Authors: Wadiwel Dinesh Joseph
Published: May 2024

This Chapter sets out the assumptions and approach of the book. An initial section lays out the bare bones of the argument relating to the appearance of animals as raw materials, consumption commodities and labour. The Chapter then moves to exploring how Marx might be deployed methodologically to think about animals as value; the book draws particularly from Louis Althusser’s suggestion that Marx’s important question was to ask what “labour power” represented from the vantage of value. This sets the scene for the book in general, as the initial gesture of positioning animals as “labour power” is both at odds with Marx and traditional Marxist theory, but also generative in opening the possibility for reinventing a materialist analysis of the structural place of non human animals as agents of production.
Dreams
Authors: Wadiwel Dinesh Joseph
Published: May 2024

This concluding Chapter explores the implications of this book for thinking about how we move forward, focusing on framing, tactics and goals. Exploring Marx’s notes on communism in Critique of the Gotha Program, the Chapter asks how animals are placed with respect to the means of production, and what liberation might mean. Human worker control of the means of production does not necessarily entail freedom for animals in their roles as raw materials, labour or their eventual transformation into the means of subsistence. This is because, quite simply, food animals under capitalism are the means of production. However, a post-anthropocentric focus on a reduction in necessary labour time offers a useful trajectory for imagining a world where animals are freed of the necessity of having to labour in order to produce surplus or become a means of subsistence for humans. Perhaps this route provides one way to overcome the structural divisions that mark the difference between the human worker and the food animal under capitalism.
Gökhan Bacık
Authors: Öztürk Ahmet Erdi , Baser Bahar
Published: May 2024

Interview with Gokhan Bacik
Jînda Zekioğlu
Authors: Öztürk Ahmet Erdi , Baser Bahar
Published: May 2024

Interview with Zinda Zekioglu
Ragıp Duran
Authors: Öztürk Ahmet Erdi , Baser Bahar
Published: May 2024

Interview with Ragip Duran
Yavuz Baydar
Authors: Öztürk Ahmet Erdi , Baser Bahar
Published: May 2024

Interview with Yavuz Baydar
Introduction: Theories, Data and Variation in English Word Stress
Authors: Yamada Eiji , Przewozny Anne , Fournier Jean-Michel , Ballier Nicolas
Published: May 2024

This introduction provides an overview of the book. The book brings together chapters by international researchers who use various methodological and theoretical approaches to elucidate the stress assignment of words in modern English. The publication reflects the editors’ ambition to give new impetus to research in this field. Stress has been one of the central issues since the early days of linguistics. Its study became prominent in the twentieth century, especially in American structural linguistics and the British tradition, and was taken up by the generative phonology of Chomsky and Halle (1968, SPE). Since then, no study of word stress in English has been possible without reference to this work, whether one accepts the SPE view or not. In this context, the current volume seeks to shed new light on this rich research field, taking the generative grammar tradition as its vertical axis and the various approaches related to it, including those in opposition, as its horizontal axis.
The Stress Patterns of English Verbs: Syllable Weight and Morphology
Authors: Dabouis Quentin , Fournier Jean-Michel
Published: May 2024

This chapter presents a detailed dictionary-based analysis of primary stress placement in 3548 verbs in British English. The distribution of stress patterns in the dataset is presented for different morphological categories (suffixed, prefixed, compounds, simplex). The chapter focuses on verbs that are usually treated as simplex, which includes words with opaque prefixes, to test widespread assumptions about the effect of the weight of the final syllable on stress in simplex verbs and to establish if that effect is independent from that of those prefixes. The results show that both effects are attested independently of one another and interact with one another.
Melodic Complexity and Lexical Stress in Singapore English: An Experimental Study
Authors: Turcsan Gabor , Reid-Collins Oriana
Published: May 2024

This chapter sets out to discover mesolectal vernacular patterns of rhythm in a New English variety, Singapore English (henceforth SE). The evidence comes from two complementary corpora: i. a production corpus of interviews and text reading and ii. experimental data from a nonce word reading. The former indicates a lesser incidence of reduced syllables in SE, especially in tool words, confirming a slight move towards syllable timing instead of stress timing, but does not show notable differences with respect to stress placement. The latter points to strong intuitions about lexical stress placement preferences in general, quite close to inner circle varieties. However, these preferences clearly indicate a steady iambic shift for both verbal and nominal forms. Namely, three quarters of the verbal tokens are iambs for SE speakers compared to only a half for inner-circle speakers. Also, half of the nouns show iambic preference in SE data compared to one quarter in inner circle varieties. These findings confirm the rationale of using complementary corpora (natural speech vs. experimental data) in order to discover mesolectal patterns.
Choose Your Bearing
Authors: Davis Benjamin P.
Published: May 2024

Looking back on nearly a century of colonial war and genocide, in 1990 the poet and philosopher Édouard Glissant appealed directly to his readers, calling for them to re-orient their lives in service of the political struggles of their time: “You must choose your bearing.” In this compelling and accessible book, Benjamin P. Davis takes up Glissant’s call. Informed by the prayer camps at Standing Rock, and reading Glissant alongside Stuart Hall, Emmanuel Levinas, Simone Weil, Enrique Dussel, Gloria Anzaldúa, and W. E. B. Du Bois, Choose Your Bearing offers an urgent ethics for the present – an ethics of risk, commitment, and care that together form a new sense of decolonial responsibility. This book is also one of the first books, in English or French, to read Glissant as an ethical theorist. By focusing on human rights, this book also makes a contribution to political theory, and particularly to political theories around decolonization, multiculturalism, creolization, and democracy.
Poetics of the Migrant
Authors: Potter Kevin
Published: May 2024

Since the 1980s, readers and scholars alike have celebrated migrant literature for not only depicting migration, but for inspiring reflections on class, race, gender, nations, and mobility. But, beyond depicting migration, is it possible for migrant literature to be a force of movement itself? Poetics of the Migrant calls upon the philosophy of movement and a counter-history of migration to invent a theory and method for analysing migrant literature. The text uncovers patterns of movement that migrant texts enact and create – in other words, a movement-oriented poetics. Poetics of the Migrant understands movement as the defining force of human history; and the migrant is the primary figure of cultural and political transformation. Migrant literature makes it possible to transform how we process and interpret social history through social motion. Perhaps, from here, we can imagine a different world: one where movement and migrancy are legible and thinkable.
How Kinopoetics Works
Authors: Potter Kevin
Published: May 2024

This chapter is a thorough and extensive theoretical outline. It focuses, specifically, on the concepts upon which Poetics of the Migrant relies the most: poetics, affect and sensation, and kinopolitics. Showing how poetics came to have different meanings in the present nevertheless enables one to see that kinopoetics fits easily within this long history and legacy. To complement the theory of poetics, especially its epistemological dimensions, this chapter turns to affect and sensation. Through this tradition, one finds the continuous relationship between affect, sensation, the body, and meaning, describing the intensive movement between states that changes knowledge and sense as they are connected to our relational subjectivity (e.g. spatial, linguistic, and interpersonal). This section is crucial, as it presents the theoretical linchpin of this project, bringing politics into contact with poetics, affect, and movement (both extensive and intensive) – all of which culminate in kinopoetics. The final section of Chapter One summarizes extensively what kinopolitics is and how it provides an important paradigm for this book, while also emphasizing the particular aspects that concern the move from politics to poetics. Kinopoetics adds a layer to kinopolitics that enables this counter-history of movement to be made legible.
Movement Interventions
Authors: Potter Kevin
Published: May 2024

Chapter Two begins to engage the broad traditions of migrant literature, post-colonial studies, and state-based metaphysics that have, up to now, dominated the field of migrant literary studies. The chapter begins to analyze a poetics of migration, introducing some ways in which poets and critics have already attempted to challenge the centrality of states and citizenship. After engaging and expanding this tradition, this chapter produces a thoroughgoing outline of the ideological and discursive underpinnings of citizenship, statehood, and sovereignty, addressing what has been called a “sedentarist metaphysics” (Malkki 1992: 32; Cresswell 2006: 26). In turn, this illuminates the dominant, state-based paradigm with which theories of migration and kinopolitics are in dialogue. Finally, to conclude Chapter Two, I undertake an excursus into post-colonial theory, considering some famous concepts and theorists in post-colonial studies, showing how the major upshot of post-colonial theory is its ongoing challenge to sedentarism. Readers will discover how kinopoetics adopts, but also modifies and exceeds, the theoretical constellations of postcolonial studies. The following sub-section re-evaluates the major concepts within post-colonial theory, recuperating and modifying them through the philosophy of movement.
William Williams’s New Veterinary College (1873–1904)
Authors: Macdonald Alastair A. , Warwick Colin M.
Published: May 2024

William Williams established his New Veterinary College in Gayfield House and remained there for ten years. The College then moved to a custom-built Veterinary College on Elm Row, Leith Walk for the next 21 years. Both buildings are described. The staff were stable, and the students increased in number. However, the introduction of a demanding entrance exam in 1892, the start of a four-year course that year and the opening of the Veterinary College in Dublin were blamed for the drop in student numbers. The first woman, Aleen Cust, enrolled and completed her studies. She was denied access to RCVS exams but was accredited by Williams. Four years after Williams’s death the College staff and students under Owen Williams transferred to Liverpool University.
The Polish Veterinary Faculty in Edinburgh (1943–8)
Authors: Macdonald Alastair A. , Długołęcka-Graham Maria , Warwick Colin M.
Published: May 2024

War brought Polish veterinary students and staff to Edinburgh as soldiers. Some of the paths taken are described. Many wanted to complete their studies. Professor Runge assisted this with Professor Olver. Medical-Veterinary Study in Edinburgh was opened in 1943 by the Polish President Władysław Raczkiewicz. Staffed largely by Polish academics it was renamed the Polish Veterinary Faculty and taught subjects for a Polish veterinary qualification. In 1944 a commemorative plaque was unveiled by the President and presented to the College. A Polish veterinary scientific meeting was held that summer. Twenty-three students completed their veterinary studies including Janina Sokołowska, the first woman to do so in the Dick Vet. The Polish Faculty was decommissioned in 1948. Twenty-seven students obtained MRCVS.
The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies (1970–2003)
Authors: Macdonald Alastair A. , Warwick Colin M.
Published: May 2024

Eleven changes in Deanship and the need to renew, rebuild, modify and replace the available teaching space at Summerhall characterise this period. Large scale reconstruction took place by 1972. The curriculum had been revised for a third time. Female student intake increased from 1974. Fees for overseas and second-degree students were raised in 1980. A new syllabus was introduced in 1981. In 1986 the Faculty was restructured into four departments and teaching innovations introduced. The 1989 Riley Committee proposal that Glasgow and Edinburgh Veterinary Schools be amalgamated was rejected in 1990. Student intake increased. Hospitals for small and large animals were built at Easter Bush. In 2002 the Faculty became a School (R(D)SVS) inside the College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine.
Student Activities at the Dick Vet (1823–2022)
Authors: Macdonald Alastair A. , Warwick Colin M.
Published: May 2024

Student experience at the Dick Vet included enormous variety and richness over the last two centuries. Outdoor games and indoor theatre dominated the first 100 years. Student ‘dress code’ changed over the years. Student magazines detailed insight into student life. Team sports and social events as well as non-sporting events contributed to the diversity of college life. Membership of the Officer Training Corps (1912-1939) was very important. Music-making was a long Dick Vet student practise, and the Final Year review was another tradition. Onesie day at Easter Bush is the expression of a new tradition. Each contributed to the Dick Vet’s independent ethos. In total, about 9,410 students obtained undergraduate qualifications from veterinary colleges in Edinburgh.
Summary and Conclusions
Authors: Macdonald Alastair A. , Warwick Colin M.
Published: May 2024

Over 14,000 students from at least 139 countries have studied for undergraduate veterinary degrees and/or postgraduate qualifications from the six veterinary institutions in Edinburgh. Much remains to be learned of their lives from the large supply of student data which remains to be investigated; likewise, the lives of those who taught, administered, supported, fed, housed and encouraged the veterinary students who studied in Edinburgh. And what happened to them after graduation? The institutional ups and downs over the last two hundred years are briefly summarised.
Indie Music, Film and Race 1: Medicine for Melancholy and Pariah
Authors: Sexton Jamie
Published: May 2024

The final two chapters of the book engage closely with issues around race and indie music. This chapter analyses Medicine for Melancholy (2008) and Pariah (2011), two rare examples of African American films featuring an extensive employment of indie music, despite a huge growth in such music appearing within feature films over the past twenty years. I investigate some of the racial contours of indie music and examine how it is utilised within the two films under analysis. Both these films employ indie music to explore individuals who do not conform to some of the more stereotypical characteristics of black identities. I frame these analyses within a broader discussion of the links between indie music – particularly indie rock – and whiteness, exploring prejudices against, and marginalisation of, many black music artists within indie music cultures.
Politics on-screen
Authors: Archibald David
Published: May 2024

This chapter examines Loach’s cinematic output via on-screen political engagement, presenting an analysis of The Angels’ Share, contextualised within Loach’s wider oeuvre. The chapter also outlines Loach’s engagement with Trotskyist ideas in the 1960s, explores how this influenced the films’ political content in subsequent years, and offers a wider political critique of his work overall. This chapter takes a broad overview and does not specifically draw on the ethnographic work outlined in the book’s introduction.
Team Loach
Authors: Archibald David
Published: May 2024

Chapter 3 analyses Loach’s status as the leading figure in what the director has termed ‘Team Loach’. The chapter draws on interviews and observations, explores discourses around leadership and teams in a creative context, and connects this to the representation of teams in the films themselves. While academics have previously highlighted filmmaking’s collaborative nature and, in some instances, the importance of teams in filmmaking, the chapter lays out some of the specific dynamics at play on a Loach set.
Epilogue: Revolutionary respair
Authors: Archibald David
Published: May 2024

In the epilogue, in addition to pulling the various threads of the argument together, Loach’s output is assessed in terms of how it has influenced broader film culture and political discourse. The chapter suggests that although Loach’s retiral will be welcomes by many of his right-wing opponents, his political views will still resonate in the body of films which stay with audiences. Here, lie the seeds of another world.
The Legacies of the Federal Theatre Project
Authors: Karoula Rania
Published: May 2024

This chapter discusses further the project’s political prosecution by the HUAC and quotes from Flanagan and others’ testimonies. It considers the FTP’s disbandment as the first act of the increasing Communist and Cold War paranoia within American political and cultural life. The chapter also looks beyond the project’s termination. By studying Flanagan’s 1948 Living Newspaper, E=mc
2 in tandem with MacColl’s 1946 Uranium 235 and Brecht’s 1947 Life of Galileo the chapter hints at the shared legacies between European and American theatrical modernism and proposes a renewed transatlantic perspective in approaching and studying these traditions.
Getting Some of the Way with Undine Spragg: Cosmopolitanism, Ethnography and War Work in the Novels of Edith Wharton
Authors: Collins Michael J.
Published: May 2024

This chapter provides new readings of two of Wharton’s most significant – but lesser studied – works; The Custom of the Country from 1913 and A Son at The Front (1923). The chapter considers how both works sought to propose cultural diffusionism as an alternative to “race” and “nation” as conceptual categories in the periods immediately before and after WW1. Moreover, the chapter explores how Wharton’s use of anthropology did not, as many critics have suggested, reveal her racial conservativism, so much as her understanding of, and resistance to, moral and aesthetic absolutes.