bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of surface-based temperature inversions in the city of Nadym (Western Siberia) with direct measurements and numerical simulation
Authors: Vorotilova P G , Konstantinov P I , Varentsov M I , Timazhev A V , Baklanov A A
Published: December 2020

Frequent surface-based inversions are persistent features of climate in the Arctic and, in particular, in its Russian part. Most favourable conditions for temperature inversion formation during the winter period in this region are observed. Surface-based inversions formed in cities are most interesting for research, because of their impact on people’s health. Besides, “urban” surface-based inversions differ from “rural” ones, because of interactions with the urban heat island (UHI). Actually, urban surface-based inversions in the Arctic are weakly understood due to poor meteo monitoring equipment of most Arctic regions and because the reanalysis resolution is too low for the cities. To estimate the frequency of surface-based inversions and spatial distributions in the city of Nadym (Western Siberia), measurements with gradient complexes during the period from 18.12.2018 to 15.10.2019 have been conducted, and a numerical experiment with a model Advanced Research WRF (ARW) has been performed for the coldest days of the period. In the research, first statistic microclimatic data of vertical temperature distributions in the city of Nadym have been obtained. Such model experiments are realized for that region, and the results obtained for the rural area are compared with microwave temperature profiler MTP-5 measurements.
The influence of external parameters on river runoff in the INM RAS – MSU land surface model
Authors: Medvedev A I , Stepanenko V M
Published: December 2020

Estimation is made of the sensitivity of water balance in the land surface model INM RAS – MSU to changes in sources of external parameters: reanalysis for precipitation and a land surface map. The model shows a high degree of sensitivity to changes in the reanalysis. On the territory of Russia, all modern global reanalyses overestimate precipitation sums. It is less relevant to ERA5: its error in the monthly sums is close to random. The model shows a low degree of sensitivity to changes in the land cover map. The reason is that there is an excess in the stomatal resistance over the aerodynamic one by several orders of magnitude in most cases.
Analysis of surface wetness changes in the Maly Labysh mire in south of Western Siberia during the last two millennia
Authors: Kurina I V , Blyakharchuk T A
Published: December 2020

In this study we investigate peat deposits of a transitional sedge-Sphagnum mire by using a testate amoeba analysis to reconstruct the paleohydrology of the mire for the last two millennia. The Maly Labysh mire is located in a river floodplain in low mountains in the south of Western Siberia. The goal of our research is to evaluate the water table depth changes in the mire due to regional and continental climate changes in the late Holocene. Two short-term dryings of the mire surface in 2100-1900 and 1600-1400 yr BP have been revealed. Afterwards, an unusual shift in the oligotrophic conditions on the mire surface is documented between 1400-1100 yr BP. This indicates some weakening of the influence of the nearby river likely due to a decrease in the precipitation. Then, starting at ca. 900 yr BP the mire gradually came back to transitional conditions again, and its surface moisture remained moderately high without notable fluctuations. The close consistency of the thus revealed periods of short drying with similar events in the development of other lake and bog sediments in the south of Western Siberia indicates the fact of predominant influence of westerlies on the formation of the regional climate.
Dynamics of vegetation cover and quantitative palaeoclimatic reconstructions in the Western Sayan Mountains from the Late Glacial period to the present time according to a palynological study of the Yuzhno-Buybinskoe mire
Authors: Blyakharchuk T A
Published: December 2020

The aim of this research is an investigation of long-term palaeoclimatic changes. In this paper we present results of a palaeopalynological study of a high mountain peat-lake sediment core from the Yuzhno-Buibynskoe Mire in the Western Sayan Mountains covering the last 13000 cal yrs BP. In addition to qualitative palaeopalynological reconstructions we have performed quantitative reconstructions of T January, T July, and Annual precipitations using our own transfer functions constructed on 118 surface pollen spectra by a method developed by ter Braak and coauthors [16]. The results of the quantitative palaeclimatic reconstructions have demonstrated three types of climate changes in the study area from the Late Glacial period to the present time: cryo-arid climate in the Late Glacial period from 13000 cal yr BP to 11000 cal yr BP (I), humid moderate cool climate in the Middle Holocene (II) and humid cool climate in the Late Holocene after 5000 cal yr BP (III). The cold climate during the Late Glacial period was caused mostly by low winter temperatures combined with low annual precipitation, while the summer temperatures were equal or even higher than modern ones. This is characteristic for the anticyclone influenced areas. The winter temperatures and annual amount of precipitation considerably increased in all areas of the Altai-Sayan region during the early and middle Holocene times, when Atlantic cyclones reached this area. In the Late Holocene period we observe a gradual return to the climatic parameters of the pre-Holocene time.
Algorithms based on sensitivity operators for analyzing and solving inverse modeling problems of transport and transformation of atmospheric pollutants
Authors: Penenko Alexey , Gochakov Alexander , Penenko Vladimir
Published: December 2020

An application of sensitivity operator-based algorithms to an inverse modeling scenario of urban air quality is presented. A source identification problem and a concentration field continuation problem are solved and analyzed. The analysis of the sensitivity operator allows one to obtain a preliminary estimate of the source identification problem solution.
Mapping of changes in the stress-strain state of a landslide risk slope using an Earth’s natural pulsed electromagnetic field method
Authors: Malyshkov S Yu , Gordeev V F , Polivach V I
Published: December 2020

Among the wide range of hazardous natural processes and phenomena, the exogenic geodynamical processes stand aside. These events can either directly or indirectly provoke or amplify socio-economic or technogenic risks, and differ considerably in the time and space scales. The landslide processes can affect the environmental situation, decrease the durability of real estate objects, compromise the integrity of transportation and engineering infrastructure, and endanger the population safety. Among the reasons of soil plots destabilization are water cuts and technogenic stress on the geo-environment. As cities continue to grow, the environmental load increases. Global warming leads to an increase in precipitation and changes the regional hydrogeological conditions. Therefore, the problem of landslide research and forecasting becomes more urgent. This work presents results of a field research carried out on a site prone to intensive landslide process development, ravine erosion, and rain-wash by using an Earth’s natural pulsed electromagnetic field (ENPEMF) method. It has been demonstrated that the exogenic slope processes can develop rapidly and the occasional surveys alone are not enough to protect the infrastructure objects. It is necessary to establish an online ongoing monitoring of the stress-strain state (SSS) of the rocks. The ENPEMF method allows an instrumental real-time estimation of the soil stability and can be recommended for continuous monitoring of the SSS of the rocks.
Assessment of conditions of aridity and humidity in the growing season on the territory of Samara region
Authors: Mirsaeva N A
Published: December 2020

An analysis of the spatiotemporal variability of some agroclimatic characteristics shows that aridity is growing in the region, especially in the warm period. This is more evident in the south and southwest, where droughts are more intense than in the other areas of the region. A real-time analysis of the Ivanov-Vysotsky wetting coefficient and the BEI index has not revealed any significant changes. Currently, Samara region has satisfactory agroclimatic resources with moderate and low productivity. In Samara region, there are unfavorable moisture conditions due to droughts in 2010, 2011, 2015, and 2016 and extensive heat supply.
On long period trend estimates of upper-air extreme and sub-extreme temperatures by use of quantile regression
Authors: Sterin A M , Lavrov A S
Published: December 2020

The traditional studies of climate change are based on estimation of trends in average values of climate variables (such as monthly, seasonal, or annual average values of temperature, air pressure, precipitation, wind speed, etc.). However, these estimates do not provide detailed information on changes in the distributions and are not sufficient to answer questions about changes in extreme and sub-extreme values, as well as questions on left and right “tails” of the distributions and changes in the measures of variability. A mechanism called quantile regression (QR) is an instrument for performing such a study. Unlike the traditional regression methods that are based on the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) methodology, QR can provide detailed information about the structure of climate trends for a whole range of values, i.e. including extremal and sub-extremal values. While the known climatological studies of QR trends in extremes and sub-extremes are related to surface meteorological variables, such as surface temperature, it is essential to make similar QR-based studies of trends for the upper-air (UA) temperature. This paper contains results of such an analysis for the UA temperature based on a collection of radiosonde data for more than 30 years of observation. We discuss typical patterns of a detailed structure of climate trends for the upper-air temperature in the troposphere and in the lower stratosphere for certain geographic sectors of the Northern Hemisphere. The existing difficulties to obtain realistic results in such a study are shown to be related to various kinds of gaps in the radiosonde data. Therefore, some data quality requirements are vital for such upper-air studies.
High-resolution wind speed modeling, and an assessment of mesoscale peculiarities caused by coastline parameters and relief of near-shore Kara Sea regions
Authors: Platonov Vladimir , Kislov Alexander
Published: December 2020

Complex shorelines and coastal relief strongly influence wind speeds. Since the Arctic is poorly covered by ground observations, one of the most reasonable approaches to investigating these events is hydrodynamical high-resolution modeling. In this work we apply a model COSMO-CLM to reproduce wind fields and characteristics in different rugged shore conditions. Some model experiments are designed with this regional climate non-hydrostatic atmospheric model COSMO-CLM to investigate the best configuration to reproduce the mesoscale circulations in the Arctic coastal zones considering different relief conditions on the example of the Kara Sea. Some mid-term experiments of a three-month timespan, Aug-Oct of 2012 and Jul-Sep of 2014, are conducted over the Arctic domain and specially over the Kara Sea region using a downscaling approach with ∼12 and ∼3 km horizontal grids. These periods are characterized by some storm events. The purpose of these experiments is to reproduce the surface wind and wave characteristics in the best way, especially near the shorelines during the storm events. Verification of these experiments has shown the best configuration of the COSMO-CLM with a “spectral nudging” technique and reducing the model time step. However, the verification and detailed investigation of the model runs raise a question about the quality of this verification, and how relevant are the wind station data in different coastline and relief conditions. Therefore, an additional analysis is carried out from a synoptic overview of the influence of the coastline configuration on different mesoscales and for different regions. Malye Karmakuly (Novaya Zemlya island), Belyi and Dikson Islands are considered as different examples to study the wind and wave regimes. Although the model cannot describe the dynamics on all scales using a 3-km resolution, it can realistically simulate the islands’ wind shadows, tip jets, downslope winds, vortex chains, etc. on different scales. It justifies further research to apply a finer resolution to learn detailed properties of mesoscale circulations and extreme winds. This analysis has shown a need to predict better these circulations by using numerical modelling.
Estimated influence of extreme climate events in the 21st century on the radial growth of pine trees in Povolzhie region (European Russia)
Authors: Matskovsky Vladimir , Kuznetsova Veronika , Morozova Polina , Semenyak Nadezhda , Solomina Olga
Published: December 2020

The projected climate change in the 21st century is expected to affect various forest ecosystems with corresponding ecological, economic, and social impact. Adaptation measures for forestry need to be planned well in advance, because the forests being regenerated today will have to cope with future climate conditions in long time periods. Here we use a process-based forward model of tree growth, VS-Lite, calibrated and independently validated on tree-ring data and forced by climate projections according to various greenhouse gas emission scenarios. We estimate the ensemble radial tree growth of pine in Povolzhie region in the future. Our projections show a constant tree growth throughout the 21st century. The increased temperature will slightly favour the tree growth, especially in the case of an extended growth season, while mostly constant precipitation will not lead to any soil moisture deficit. The results of this study are crucial for the development of Povolzhie region in the near or remote future.
Windthrows in the pine forests of the Tsagan-Daban ridge (the central part of the Selenga middle mountains)
Authors: Chernykh V N , Alymbaeva Zh B , Andreev S G , Ayurzhanaev A A , Tsydypov B Z
Published: December 2020

This paper presents results of an analysis of damage to cedars growing on the slopes of the Tsagan-Daban Ridge (the central part of the Selenga middle mountain) caused by storm winds in 2018-2019. Based on a study of Landsat satellite data, the main areas of windthrows are determined, and their morphometric characteristics are calculated. The damaged areas of cedar forests on key sites in the Kunaleyka River basin are surveyed with UAV. The causes and consequences of windthrows in the Tsagan-Daban Ridge taiga are identified.
Accuracy assessment of heavy rainfall forecasting in the Western Caucasus with ICON-Eu regional atmospheric model for short-term flood forecasting
Authors: Belyakova P A , Shikhov A N , Perminov S I , Moreydo V M.
Published: December 2020

Heavy rainfalls and rain-induced floods regularly cause substantial damage in the Western Caucasus region. In this study, we assess the accuracy of heavy rainfall forecasting with ICON-Eu regional atmospheric model (developed by the weather service of Germany) and the possibility of its use as input data for rain flood prediction. The main conclusion is that the forecast accuracy is strongly determined by the nature of the rainfall in question (mainly convective or triggered by synoptic-scale processes) and the season of the year. The ICON-Eu model systematically underestimates (by 2-3 times) the precipitation amount in the warm season (April-September) and almost never reproduces local convective heavy rainfall events. Therefore, its forecasts for short-term prediction of summertime rain floods have low efficiency. On the other hand, in the cold season (October-March) the model adequately reproduces heavy precipitation events, with some underestimation of the maximum precipitation amount and overestimation of the coverage area. These forecasts can be used to improve the short-term prediction of flash floods on the rivers of the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus during the period from October to March. In addition, we have performed a detailed analysis of the heavy rainfall and a related flood event which occurred on August 17-18, 2019 by comparing hourly observed precipitation with ICON-Eu and Cosmo-Ru forecasts, as well as applying WRF simulation and rainfall-runoff modelling.
New methods for the study of hydrometeorological metric data systems: the experience of Kazan Federal University
Authors: Sabirova M V , Bakanin A S , Korotkova N V
Published: December 2020

A new technology is analysed: a mobile application that allows one to process images and recognize various objects of hydrometeorological metric data systems. As an example, the results of real image processing by the application are shown. Recommendations for the use of this method in different focus areas of hydrometeorology are given.
Automatic weather station Arctic Meteo: first field test results
Authors: Korolkov V A , Kobzev A A , Tikhomirov A A , Telminov A E , Pustovalov K N , Bogushevich A Ya , Kalchikhin V V , Kurakov S A
Published: December 2020

A technical description of an experimental sample of an automatic weather station (AWS), ArcticMeteo, designed to operate in remote and hard-to-reach areas under extreme climatic conditions is presented. The AWS provides measurements of some basic and specific meteorological parameters. Since the beginning of 2020, the AWS has been tested in real and critical conditions at the IMCES SB RAS meteorological site. Results of measurement of meteorological parameters during a storm in Tomsk on 26 May 2020 are given.
Web-based service for prediction of thermal comfort conditions in large administrative centers of the Russian Federation
Authors: Kakovkina A G , Martynova Yu V , Konstantinov P I
Published: December 2020

This paper discusses the problem of thermal comfort in cities of the Russian Federation. The average person is faced with environmental conditions that are beyond his control. In residential areas associated with permanent population, a more comfortable thermal state is achieved by architectural and urban planning methods. For scientific assessment of thermal comfort, indices have been developed, the Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) and the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI), taking into account many factors. These are completely new indices, and there are no statistical regular data available in Russia during the recent ten years. Calculations are made to obtain bioclimatic indices and characteristics of selected cities for further assessment of the comfort of cities and their comparison. In addition, this paper describes a project http://heat2020.ru «Heat in Russian Cities». The main aim and methods of the project are given, and forecasts of comfort for Moscow in direct sunlight and in shade conditions are compared and analysed.
Seasonal wave characteristics in Southern Bali Waters in 2014
Authors: Kuntoro W S , Ningsih N S , Rachmayani R
Published: December 2020

Seasonal characteristics of wave height in Southern Bali waters (SBW) in 2014 was simulated using SWAN (Simulating Wave Nearshore) model with the resolution of 1/216° (0.51 km). The model was forced using Cross Calibrated Multi Purposed (CCMP) wind data with resolution 1/4° (27.75 km) and 1/600° (0.18 km) bathymetry data derived from Batimetri Nasional (BATNAS) provided by Geospatial Information Agency (BIG). The result shows that the highest (lowest) seasonal average of Significant Wave Height (SWH) in the SBW in 2014 during east (west) monsoon or JJA (DJF) in June-July-August (December-January-February) months was about 2.2 m (1.4 m). Meanwhile, SWH during the first (second) transitional monsoon or MAM (SON) in March-April-March (September-October-November) months was about 1.7 m (2.1 m). The 2D spectrum analysis exhibits that seasonal wave characteristic in the study region was dominated by swell propagation from the Indian Ocean (IO) associated with the Gallian Cyclone. Corresponds to the SWH, seasonal average of wave energy spectrum during east monsoon (JJA) shows the highest value up to 0.0038 m2s/deg compared to the other seasons.
Preliminary Study of Ocean Acidification: Relationship of pH, Temperature, and Salinity in Ohoililir, Southeast Maluku
Authors: Rugebregt M.J. , Nurhati I.S.
Published: December 2020

Changes in pH, temperature, and salinity in seawater can indicate the occurrence of ocean acidification. The purpose of this research was to study changes in acidity that occur in Ohoililir waters, Southeast Maluku, which is part of the Banda Sea. This research was conducted in March 2019 as a study of the prefix of oceanic equities in the Southeast Maluku region which is part of the Banda Sea which is currently one of the priority researches in Indonesia, and sampling at 10 points. The results obtained were pH average of 8.69, temperature average of 29.74°C, and salinity of 33.23. The correlation between pH and temperature is -0.097 and the correlation between pH and salinity is in the range of -0.054 which indicates a very weak relationship between pH and temperature and salinity. Besides, pH has a negative correlation to temperature and salinity. This shows the need for further research on the relationship between these three or more parameters to see the effect on the ocean.
Numerical Modeling of Currents Circulation in Balikpapan Bay during Oil Spill Event on March 31, 2018
Authors: Nur A A , Radjawane I M , Suprijo T , Mandang I
Published: December 2020

The coastal area in Balikpapan Bay and its surrounding area has been devastated after the burst of an underwater oil pipe at the bay on March 31st, 2018, and the crude oil still continues spreading for a few days later. A three-dimensional hydrodynamic model is used to simulate the currents dynamic and investigate the influence of the current circulation on the spreading of the oil spill in Balikpapan Bay from March 31th to April 15th, 2018, to cover the event i.e. several weeks after the oil spill incident. Model results are validated by calculating the RMSE, MAPE and model skill using water level between available observation data at Semayang Port, Balikpapan station and numerical model from October 1st, 2012 to January 1st, 2013. Verification result of tidal elevation data from observation and model prediction shows a good agreement with RMSE = 7.8 cm, MAPE = 14.3% and model skill = 0.995. Surface currents circulation in Balikpapan Bay can be distinguished by the currents pattern on the spring tide and neap tide condition. During the spring tide condition, the surface currents mostly move to the east after coming out from the bay. However, the surface currents are strongly going southward after come out from the bay on the neap tide condition. Based on the satellite images captured for the next days after the event, the spreading pattern of the oil spill seems to be matched to the pattern of surface currents circulation on the spring tide condition. From the analysis of the model result, it shows that the currents circulation playing the main role to disperse the oil spill in Balikpapan Bay towards the Makassar Strait.
Identification of Tidal Current Vertical Structure in Ombai Strait and Timor Passage
Authors: Beliyana E , Radjawane I M , Susanto R D
Published: December 2020

Indonesian seas are strongly affected by strong semidiurnal tidal signals from the Indian Ocean and diurnal signals from the Pacific Ocean. Therefore, within the internal seas, there is possibility of mixed tides (semidiurnal and diurnal signals). This research is focused on determining tidal current based on the velocity data measured during the INSTANT (International Nusantara Stratification and Transport) program. The velocity data from Ombai Strait and Timor Passage from January 18, 2004 to December 31, 2004 are analyzed. Characteristics of tidal current data at certain fixed depths (50, 100, 350 and 750 meters) are processed and calculated using MATLAB software and present the magnitude and variability of total currents, residual currents, and tidal currents as well as vertical variability at these straits. In Ombai Strait and Timor Passage currents tend to move zonally (east – west). The dominant tidal currents are observed at 350 and 750 meters, while subtidal (nontidal) current dominant occurs with 50 to 150 meters.
Extreme Wave Height Analysis in Natuna Sea Using Peak-Over Threshold Method
Authors: Jabbar Ismail Abdul , Ningsih Nining Sari
Published: December 2020

Extreme wave height analysis has been conducted in Natuna Sea, Indonesia, using 25 years (1991-2015) significant wave height (SWH) data from WAVEWATCH 3 (WW3) with a spatial resolution of 1/8°. The Natuna Sea is geographically connected to South China Sea (SCS) and is often crossed by tropical cyclones. These cyclones may have contributed to the existences of high waves in the SCS, which can propagate as swell waves to the Natuna Sea and can lead to extreme waves in this region. The extreme analysis has been done by classifying extreme events of SWHs using Peak-Over Threshold (POT) method with a fixed threshold level at quantile 0.93 and a minimum time separation of 48 hours between two successive extreme events. Furthermore, Generalized Pareto (GP) distribution has been applied to estimate return values of the extreme SWHs for several return periods. Parameters of the GPD have been estimated by Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) method.

Characteristics of extreme SWHs in the Natuna Sea have been explained by maximum and seasonal distribution plots. The maximum value of extreme SWHs in the SCS can reach 13 m and around 3-5 m in the Natuna Sea. The seasonal distributions of extreme waves indicate that the occurrences of extreme waves in the SCS during Northeast Winter Monsoon (NWM) are higher than those during Southwest Summer Monsoon (SSM). Seasonal mean and maxima of extreme SWHs in the Natuna Sea are also high during the NWM and low during the SSM.

To examine the effects of swell waves from the SCS and also future extreme waves in the Natuna Sea, we have analyzed the characteristics and calculated return values of extreme waves in front and behind of Bunguran Island, which the former faces directly to the SCS. There were 172 (331) extreme waves from 1991-2015 in the front (behind) of Bunguran Island and mainly from the northeast (southwest). Most of them were around 2 – 4 (0.5 – 2) m with mean periods of 6 – 10 (3 – 6) s. Based on the return values in the front (behind) of the Bunguran Island, there are possibilities of extreme waves with values 4.70, 4.87, and 4.96 (2.08, 2.20, and 2.27) m for return periods of 25, 50, and 75-year, successively.
Substrate Types on Habitat Breeding Embryonic Development and Larval Morphometric of Sea Urchin Tripneustes gratilla (Linnaeus 1758)
Authors: Radjab Abdul Wahab , Baszary Chomsa Dintasari Umi , Lekatompessy Vanela Chatrin , Purbiantoro Wahyu
Published: December 2020

Hatchery is the main factor that plays an important role in aquaculture sea urchin Tripneustes gratilla (Linnaeus 1758). The quality of sea urchin egg is determined by the absorption of nutrients that carried throughout the gonad development while the quality of nutrients is very likely influenced by the type of food consuming. This research of substrate types on habitat breeding embryonic development and larval morphometric of sea urchin had been done on October - November 2016 at the laboratory of marine, Research Center for Deep Sea, Indonesia Institute of Sciences, Ambon. The Samples taken from three different habitats comprises Hative Besar, Liang and Suli beach. The purpose of this research is to determine the effects of substrate types on habitat breeding embryonic development and larval morphometric of sea urchin. The method that has been used to determine the morphometric was done by measuring the diameter and height of the shell using a digital caliper and total body weight using a digital scale. To observe embryonic development and larval morphometric done by in vitro fertilization through eggs selection then cultured in petri dish at a density of 10ind/ml. The result of this research is the most dominant quantity of embryonic development (72 hours) indicated by culture vessel from Hative Besar meanwhile the least is indicated by Liang. The greatest larval morphometric is indicated by culture vessel from Hative Besar with length and height of larval body further the larval of culture vessel from Hative Besar shown ossification formation.
Description and identification of tuna larvae based on genetic and morphological analysis
Authors: Romdon A , Sembiring A , Pertiwi N P D , Malik M D A , Pay L , Hehuwat Y , Satrioajie W N
Published: December 2020

Biological information of tuna larvae is essential for understanding spawning ground and time. However, morphological identification of fish larvae is difficult and questionable. Meanwhile, genetic identification is useful and helpful to confirm the morphological identification result. This study purpose is to confirm a morphological identification result with genetic identification and determine the tuna species exactly. Specimens were obtained from a survey conducted in the Banda Sea in October 2018. Samples were collected by a bongo net towed obliquely. The result of morphological identification is showed that the larvae having 37 to 42 myomeres, preopercular spine developed, moderate in-depth, moderate to large head and eyes identified asThunninilarvae. The morphological result is supported by the genetic result, even though the larvae are not from the genus ofThunnus. The samples were identified asKatsuwonus pelamis, Euthynnus affinis, andPetenia splendida. The intraspecific pairwise genetic distance for each species ofK. pelamis, E. affinis, andP. splendidais 4.4 %; 0.5 %; and 22.3%, respectively. Meanwhile, the average pairwise genetic distance between the three species ranges from 16.2% to 33.3%.
Characterization of S-Acyltransferase Gene Fragment from an Isolate of Tropical Marine Microalgae Chlorella vulgaris CBI
Authors: Purnaningtyas D W , Aryantha I N P , Nurachman Z , Rachmayanti Y
Published: December 2020

S-Acyltransferase gene (pat) encodes a protein acyltransferase (PAT) that acts as an enzyme catalyzing an acyl chain transfer to the molecular acceptor, mono- or di-acylglycerol, in the biosynthesis of triacylglycerol (TAG). To date, pat from tropical marine microalgae has yet to be explored. Here, we identified a marine microalgae isolate (CBI) based on its physical morphology and 18S rRNA gene, then we isolated the pat fragment by reverse transcription (RT) PCR, followed by ligation into pGemT vector and cloning in E. coli TOP10. The pat fragment was characterized using several DNA analysis softwares. Our results showed that the isolate CBI obtained from Maluku waters was green-colored and spherical in shape with a cell diameter of 2–10 μm. A 1644-bp of 18S rRNA gene was obtained and showed a 99% nucleotide sequence similarity with 18S rRNA gene of Chlorella vulgaris (GenBank no. KF574391.1). The microalgae isolate was identified as Chlorella vulgaris CBI. Reverse transcription produced a 600-bp cDNA, in which the first 300-bp nucleotide was unidentified, however starting from nucleotide no. 301 to the end, it showed a 51% identity with the pat fragment of Chlorella variabilis (GenBank no. XP_005849764.1). A 77-residue peptide chain deduced was identified as the first N-terminus of PAT (domain transporter protein). This pat fragment of Chlorella vulgaris CBI was useful as a starting point to isolate and characterize the whole pat sequence.
Spatial Study of Indonesia’s Historic Bay: A Case Study in Tomini Bay
Authors: Rachma Tia Rizka N , Windiastuti Rizka
Published: December 2020

To become a global maritime axis, Indonesia needs to strengthen the security of its maritime region. Indonesia has adopted the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) to determine its water boundaries. One of the points in UNCLOS that has not been implemented in Indonesia is related to internal waters. Until now Indonesia has not yet determined the extent of its internal waters. This study aims to examine the potential of Tomini Bay as a historical bay, especially spatial terms so that it will increase the area of Indonesia’s internal waters. The methods used were literature study of the cases in other countries, determination of the area, and extensive calculations using basic data on topographic maps of Indonesia (Peta Rupabumi Indonesia/RBI), such as toponym data, and coastline data. Based on this study, Tomini Bay has an area of 56,948.51 km2, but according to UNCLOS it is not a juridical bay since the width of its opening is more than 24 nautical miles. Some small juridical bays in the Tomini region have an accumulative area of 418.49 km2, only about 0.73% of the Tomini area. In order for Tomini Bay to meet the provisions of UNCLOS as a bay, Indonesia needs to define Tomini Bay as a “historical bay”, because in this study it was found the defining potential. By recognizing Tomini as a historical bay, Indonesia can change the status of the waters inside it from archipelagic waters to internal waters, so that Indonesia’s authority over the region becomes stronger.
Mooring Analysis of SPAR Type Floating Offshore Wind Turbine in Operation Condition due to Heave, Roll, and Pitch Motions
Authors: Prastianto Rudi W. , Ramzi  , Murdjito
Published: December 2020

In Indonesia, one of the regions that have good potential for Floating Offshore Wind Turbine (FOWT) installations is the Natuna Sea which has a fairly good average wind speed in the range of 10.0 - 15.0 m/s. In addition, the Natuna Sea has a water depth of around 50-250 m with relatively mild wave height. This condition is a suitable environment for the installation of the FOWT. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the appropriate mooring system configuration due to the motion of the structure. This paper examined the analysis of mooring system of the SPAR type FOWT structure due to its global motion through numerical modelling by using open source software FAST. The analysis was carried out for operation condition, by varying three configurations of the mooring system for the direction of environmental loads (waves and winds), namely 0 degrees (perpendicular in front of the turbine), 45 degrees, and 90 degrees (the turbine side direction) and wind speed. With the scope of such analysis, it could be properly examined the mooring system due to the global motion of heave, roll and pitch of the Spar.
Characteristic of Wave Run-up on Schematic Precast System (SPS) Revetment
Authors: Ginting Juventus W R , Simanjuntak Eduardo Meyrianso , Putra Ida Ayu Irawati Diah Ratna , Eliasta Leo
Published: December 2020

Revetment Sistem Panel Serbaguna (SPS) or Schematic System Precast (SPS) Revetment is latest innovation of SPS technology. It has been applied for various area of civil engineering such as bridge, dams and irrigation channel. For this upgrading, SPS has been tested in Hydraulic Laboratory of Experimental Station for Coastal Engineering Ministry of Public Works and Housing as revetment. SPS is tested with 14 scenarios of various wave steepness and water depth to determine the wave run-up characteristic. All hydraulic performance of SPS for each scenario is recorded with video camera. Using image processing technique, we calculate the wave run-up height for each scenario. From all scenarios, the wave run-up only happen in scenarios with water depth of 0.65 m while the rest only experience wave overtopping. Comparing to the classical Iribarren Number graph, relative wave run-up height on SPS revetment is higher than other type of revetment such as Riprap Arhens, Riprap Gunbak, Batu Pecah, Qudripod, Dolos and Tetrapod but below Sisi Miring. For Sisi Miring Revetment, the maximum relative wave run-up height (Ru/Hm0) is 2.5 for Iribarren Number (Ir) = 2.5 as for SPS revetment, it is approximately 2.4 for Ir = 11.
Progress in Research on Drilling Safety of Natural Gas Hydra te Formation
Authors: JingxuanMa
Published: December 2020

With the development of its economy and society in recent years, China’s demand for energy is increasing. Traditional energy such as coal and petroleum can no longer meet the needs of China’s economic development, because it is very easy to cause environmental pollution in the process of traditional energy reuse. In recent years, China has begun to explore, develop and utilize marine natural gas hydrates, which can achieve better energy effects in use and reduce environmental pollution. However, there are great difficulties in the exploration and development of marine natural gas hydrates and safety issues in the process of drilling the formation. In the process of research, based on the extensive research on the safety of marine gas hydrate drilling at home and abroad, this paper discusses and summarizes the safety problems encountered in Dacheng drilling, and organizes the research on the drilling safety issues of marine gas hydrate formation, providing reference for future research.
Research on the impact of industrial agglomeration on industrial green efficiency from the perspective of big data
Authors: Wang Guanyi
Published: December 2020

This paper uses the data of labor force, capital, all kinds of energy input, industrial pollutant emissions and output value of industries in 30 provinces and autonomous regions of China from 2011 to 2015, and uses big data and data envelopment analysis to calculate the industrial green efficiency of provinces and cities in China. At the same time, in order to explore the relationship between industrial agglomeration and industrial green efficiency, the panel regression model is used to conduct quantitative analysis. The results show that: whether from the national level or the eastern, central and western regions, industrial agglomeration can significantly promote the improvement of industrial green efficiency. Environmental regulation, industrial enterprise scale and other control variables can also significantly promote the improvement of industrial green efficiency in some areas, but not in some areas.
Influencing Factors of Urban Residents’ Garbage Classification and Recycling Behavior Driving Mechanism in Artificial Intelligence Environment
Authors: Gan Baiqiang , Zhang Chi
Published: December 2020

With the rapid development of urbanization, urban domestic waste is also increasing, if the garbage cannot be effectively classified, there will be a dilemma of garbage siege. In recent years, artificial intelligence technology has been applied in the field of garbage classification, which provides a convenient means for garbage classification. However, technological innovation can only alleviate the accumulated total amount of garbage, and finding the source of garbage generation is the key to solve the problem. Therefore, based on the theory of planned behavior, A-B-C theory and interpersonal behavior theory, from the policy level, the social level and the individual level, this paper puts forward some suggestions, it is composed of government, society, individual and other organizations, and puts forward the corresponding research hypotheses. Through interviewing and questionnaire survey in Guangzhou, the sample data are collected, and then regression analysis and structural equation model analysis are used to obtain the influence degree value of residents’ attitude towards garbage classification, subjective norms, perceived behavior control, situational factors, and government legal regulation on residents’ living garbage classification willingness. The results show that residents’ attitude towards domestic waste classification is significant and the government’s legal control factors are the key factors affecting the residents’ willingness of garbage classification.
Ecological Port And Navigation Engineering Evaluation Principle And Standard
Authors: Yan Chen , Yao Tianzhi
Published: December 2020

How to evaluate the ecological port and navigation project? What is the principle of evaluation? What are the criteria for evaluation? This paper discusses the evaluation principle and standard of ecological port and navigation engineering, and puts forward the evaluation principle of ecological port and navigation engineering. Then with the standard, the construction of ecological port and navigation project has certain guiding significance.
A novel synthesis of Nb2O5@N-CNF nanocomposite as anode material for superior sodium storage
Authors: Zhang Yu , Fang Li
Published: December 2020

The development of a novel anode material with excellent cycle performance is of great significance to the promotion of the sodium ion battery. Adopting the renewable material BC as raw material, Nitrogen-doped Nb2O5-three-dimensional porous carbon fiber network composite (Nb2O5@N-CNF) is prepared by a low-cost approach in the paper. The in-situ growth of Nb2O5 nano-particles on the carbon fiber surface inhibits the agglomeration of particles. The porous structure of carbon fiber promotes ionic transfer. Meanwhile, the structure of pyridine nitrogen, which is formed by the doping of N atoms, further enhances sodium storage. After 1000 times of cycle under the current density of 2 A g−1, the capacity of the Nb2O5@N-CNF electrode is 79 mAh g−1, its capacity retention increasing significantly, with great application prospect.
Development and Construction Management System of Pumped-Storage Power Plants in China
Authors: Chen Zhihe , Guozhong Liu
Published: December 2020

Pumped-storage power plant(PSPP) is a special form of power supply. It is expected that the installed capacity of PSPP in China will reach 90GW by 2025. This paper summarizes the development of PSPP in China, and analysis the influencing factors of the configuration of PSPP, introduces the typical operation mode of PSPP and the existing problems in its development, and puts forward relevant policy suggestions for the development of PSPP.
The knowledge spillover effects of green technology innovation of low carbon regulation
Authors: Ding Youqiang , Xiong Aihua
Published: December 2020

The green technology spillover (GTS) is conducive to follower’s innovation opportunities but harmful to pioneer’s innovation advantages. Based on the knowledge production function and the panel data of cities in China, this paper discusses the effects of GTS on the relationship between the low carbon regulation (LCR) and the green technology innovation (GTI) by using the Spatial Durbin Model. We found that LCR makes a decrease-increase effect of the pioneer’s GTI different from an increase-decrease effect of the follower’s GTI.
Research on Location and Recognition Method of Voltage Sag Disturbance
Authors: Chen Xiaodong , Li Duo , Zhang Jun , Ning Kejia
Published: December 2020

The accurate positioning of the voltage sag disturbance source relative to the monitoring point helps to clarify the responsibilities of both parties. This paper proposes a brand-new single-frequency cross S-transform perturbation power positioning method for locating voltage sag disturbance sources. First, the voltage and current signals collected at the monitoring point are transformed into a single fundamental frequency S to obtain a complex vector of the fundamental frequency of the voltage and current; then, the complex vector of the voltage and current fundamental frequency is subjected to a single fundamental frequency cross S transformation. The module extracts the instantaneous apparent power, and then obtains the instantaneous apparent disturbance power; finally, the disturbance power criterion is used to locate the source of the voltage sag disturbance. Through analyzing and judging the monitoring point of the problem caused by short circuit fault, the result proves the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed method.
Pitch control of wind turbine based on deep neural network
Authors: Jie Wei , Jingchun Chu , Lin Yuan , Wenliang Wang , Jian Dong
Published: December 2020

This paper analyzed the input and output data of wind farm based on deep neural network, developed intelligent model, and realized the predictive modeling of important parameter variables and control of wind turbine. By establishing the Deep Extreme Learning Machine(DELM), the higher-order nonlinear model is simplified. In this structure, unsupervised hierarchical ELM is conducted for feature extraction, and the features of the lower layer are transferred to the higher layer through layer by layer coding to form a relatively complete feature representation. Finally, the Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) is used to complete the mapping of feature representation to target output to minimize the loss of information in the transmission process. The target output is used as reference data for Pitch control of wind turbine, which is proposed by using a radial basis function (REF) neutral network. Simulation results from GH-Bladed show that proposed control algorithm can mitigate the loads effectively. The algorithm provides a practical reference for the design of wind turbine controller.
Short-term electric power demand forecastingusing a hybrid model of SARIMA and SVR
Authors: QiheLou  , QiLyu  , Na Zhixiong , Ma Dayan , Ma Xiaoguang
Published: December 2020

Short-term electric power demand forecasting is the most basic and important application of smart grid. With the rapid development of renewable energy and clean energy in recent years, power demand forecasting gains special attention again. It has a great impact on the planning of power generation units and the purchase and sale of power market. Furthermore, itis also conducive to the realization of demand response and resource allocation efficiency and reliability, thus contributing to the Photovoltaic power generation system as well. Although generous methods have been proposed, it remains to be an open challenge owing to its limited precision. In this paper, a hybrid method of Seasonal Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) and Support Vector Regression (SVR) is proposed for hourly forecasting, which overcomes the difficulty of generalization of a single model. The core thought of this model is using SARIMA to fit the linear part of the series and correcting the deviation by SVR. We tested the accuracy of this method on a public data set, and the result shows that it performs much better than the single SARIMA model on the fitting effect. Also, we compared our model with the recent three works, and it demonstrates a decrease of 18.102%,10.534% and 4.757% in forecasting error respectively. To our surprise, when we usedthe previous four hours of data to predict the current data by the single SVR, we got the best performance of all models. In the end, we analyzed the possible causes for this result.
Overcharge experiment analysis of the LiFePO4/C battery with prelithiation technology
Authors: Gao Fei , Hui Dong , Yang Kai , Zhao Fenggang , Yang Longfei , Wang GuoBao , Wang Shuping , Fan Minghao
Published: December 2020

Prelithiation technology can improve the service life of batteries, but whether it will affect the safety of batteries has not been studied. In this paper, the temperature differences between LiFePO4/C batteries with prelithiation technology and conventional LiFePO4/C batteries in overcharge test are analysed, the shell deformation values of these two types of batteries are compared, and the influence of battery capacity retention rate on overcharge safety of batteries is discussed. The analysis shows that there is no obvious difference in overcharge safety between two types of batteries, and batteries with prelithiation technology are similar to conventional batteries in terms of shell deformation value, the highest temperature of shell and the temperature fluctuation of flue gas escaping from pressure relief valve.