bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peningkatan Motivasi Belajar dengan Orientasi Model Inkuiri Terbimbing Berbasis Microlearning pada Peserta Didik Kelas VIII
Authors: Nurandini Anggelia , Hidayati Siti Nurul , Aulia Ernita Vika
Published: January 2025

Purpose – This study focuses on assessing the improvement in learning motivation of class VIII students at a junior high school in Surabaya after applying a microlearning-based guided inquiry orientation model. The research also evaluates different aspects of motivation to measure overall learning motivation, aiming to offer recommendations for educators to enhance future teaching methods and boost student motivation.Method – This study employed a one-group pretest-posttest design, concentrating on the increase in learning motivation among junior high school students through the application of a microlearning-based guided inquiry model. The data was collected using a questionnaire consisting of 20 statements, focusing on various aspects of learning motivation.Findings – The study results indicated that implementing the guided inquiry model with a microlearning orientation successfully increased learning motivation, as evidenced by the N-Gain test, which showed an average score of 0.70 in the moderate category. However, the lowest improvement was observed in the self-confidence aspect. This was partly because students' self-confidence had already developed prior to the application of the guided inquiry model with a microlearning orientation. Additionally, the low results in self-confidence were attributed to the teacher-centered learning approach, which reduced students' engagement. A possible solution is to adopt student-centered learning methods that foster motivation. Research Implications – This research aids educators in analyzing students' learning motivation. The implementation of effective learning methods is reflected in improvements across all aspects of motivation, with moderate to high levels. The integration of a microlearning-based guided inquiry model positively impacts students' motivation, as demonstrated by their attitudes toward various motivational aspects.
Penerapan Teknik Modeling untuk Meningkatkan Kedisiplinan Anak Usia Dini di Taman Kanak-kanak
Authors: Asri Nur , Siswono Hendrik , Sugiarto Muhammad Agus
Published: January 2025

Purpose – The research background relates to the application of modeling techniques to improve the disciplinary character of early childhood children at Kartini II Kindergarten PGRI Rambipuji Jember. This is based on the results of observations before the research, the level of discipline of group A students has not developed well. Some disciplinary characteristics that have not developed well include throwing trash in the right place and entering class on time, so efforts are needed to encourage the development of children's disciplinary character to improve well. One learning model that can be used to develop students' disciplined character is modeling techniques. The aim of the research is how the application of modeling techniques can improve the disciplined character of children in group A TK Kartini II PGRI Rambipuji Jember.Method – This research is classroom action research, with the research instrument in the form of an observation sheet with 3 observed indicators related to students' disciplinary character. Analysis of research data uses percentage techniques, with the criterion of individual student completeness getting a minimum of 3 stars on each indicator observed. As for the classical completion criteria, if 80 percent of students complete each indicator observed.Findings – The results of classroom action research regarding the application of modeling techniques in improving the disciplinary character of class A students, it can be concluded that the criteria for research completeness can be achieved. The details of the research results in the pre-cycle completeness reached 37 percent, in the first cycle activities it reached 56 percent, and in the second cycle the level of completeness reached 87 percent. Research Implications – Based on the findings from two cycles of classroom action research, the use of modeling techniques can effectively enhance the discipline character of class A students at Kartini II.
Genotype trait analysis to identify potential resistant types to root knot nematode in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
Authors: Kamalkumaran R P , Arunkumar R , Kumanan K , Muthuramalingam S , Anand M , Velmurugan M
Published: January 2025

Six F1 hybrids were tested for nematode resistance along with their parents and commercial cultivars for two seasons and the pooled mean results were analysed to explore the genetic potential of traits linked to specific genotypes. Nine quantitative, four qualitative and six physiological parameters were analyzed to identify superior hybrids through statistical models viz., analysis of variance, GE biplot and Wards clustering. The hybrids Hisar Arun×HN2 (susceptible), Arka Abha×HN2 and LE 812×HN2 (resistant) were found to be superior for yield per plant under stressed conditions. Higher plant height was observed in IIHR 2868 (86.21cm), primary branch in Arka Abha×HN2 (5.68) and shorter root length in Hisar Lalith (16 cm). Resistant hybrids exhibited earlier flowering i.e., 25 days and less fruit number. The susceptible genotypes expressed lower fruit number (17-20 fruits) on the contrary resistant hybrids had more than 20 fruits. The yield ranged between 667 g in CLN2123A to 1189 g in Hisar Arun×HN2. Under stressed conditions, the resistant hybrids Arka Abha×HN2 and LE 812×HN2 produced yields of 1169 g and 1153 g, respectively. Genotype Trait Biplot revealed that the PC1 and PC2 had contributed 70 % to the total variance and positive contributions to parents and hybrids were capped. The hybrids LE 812×HN2 and Arka Abha×HN2 can be well utilized in root knot nematode infested fields. The contribution of parents and its hybrids, associated traits and their interrelationships provide new dimension for the breeders to select trait specific parents and hybrids for crop improvement programs.
Kultura jako oręż i tarcza w warunkach wojny
Authors: Drabant Switłana
Published: January 2025

Kultura jest ważnym elementem bezpieczeństwa narodowego. W historii można odnaleźć wiele przykładów tego, jak kultura funkcjonowała w warunkach wojny, a sztuka reinterpretowała dotychczasowe treści: poszukiwała na nowo humanizmu albo stawała się częścią oporu. Dziś kultura ukraińska stanowi istotny element psychoterapii, albowiem naród ukraiński poddawany jest traumatycznym przeżyciom, co w konsekwencji wymaga określonej emocjonalnej rekompensaty, dialogu i wsparcia. Przedmiotem badań w niniejszym studium jest rozwój kultury ukraińskiej po pełnoskalowej inwazji Rosji na Ukrainę. Celem artykułu jest analiza aktualnego stanu kultury i sztuki w Ukrainie, ich roli w czasie wojny, zachowania i propagowania wartości narodowych. Dzięki temu z jednej strony rozwój ukraińskiej przestrzeni kulturowej ukierunkowany jest na jednostkę, jej potrzeby wewnętrzne, z drugiej zaś – realizowany jest swoisty „eksport” ukraińskich treści kulturowych, stanowiący silną promocję Ukrainy w świecie. Wskazane wyżej kwestie to nieodłączna część walki o ukraińską odrębność narodową i jej rozwój. Ponadto ukraińska sztuka współczesna występuje jako narzędzie oporu wobec rosyjskiej propagandy i polityki zapomnienia. Artyści przywracają i ożywiają zerwane więzi utracone w wyniku wojny i jej konsekwencji. Ważne jest wspieranie kreatywnych pomysłów, projektów i inicjatyw kulturalnych, bo to właśnie kultura prezentuje Ukrainę w świecie i jest swoistym przyczółkiem do zachowania tożsamości narodowej.
Wojna światopoglądowa w artystycznej przestrzeni pamięci o sowieckiej przeszłości (powieść "Dzwinka" Niny Kuriaty)
Authors: Danyłenko Ludmyła
Published: January 2025

Artykuł poświęcony jest kwestii tożsamości we współczesnej ukraińskiej prozie traktującej o sowieckiej przeszłości. Na przykładzie powieści Niny Kuriaty Dzwinka. Ukrainka urodzona w ZSRR autorka bada konfrontacje światopoglądowe między „Sowietem” (obywatelem Związku Radzieckiego) a Ukraińcem o narodowej tożsamości. Wskazuje się, że konflikt opiera się na „dwójmyśleniu”, które w ZSRR dzieliło postrzeganie świata na prawdę oficjalną i własną, a jego konsekwencją była „nicość”, obojętność jednostki. Istotę tych procesów można dostrzec w strukturze obrazów i treści utworu. Jego elementami są „społeczeństwo” i „rodzina”. Wojna świadomości toczy się wokół pojęć życiowych: ojczyzny, duchowości, pieśniarstwa, święta, języka. Badaczka zaznacza, że siły konfrontacji są równie ważne i każda z nich wpływa na kształtowanie się światopoglądu bohaterów. Podkreśla, że głównym podmiotem konfliktu w tym zakresie jest język. Autorka uważa, że to właśnie język determinuje niechęć Dzwinki do pozbycia się ciężaru „sowka”, choć stara się identyfikować jako Ukrainka. Zauważa się, że we współczesnych realiach wojna świadomości stała się konsekwencją wojny pamięci.
Interferencja międzyjęzykowa w mowie ukraińskich dzieci mieszkających w Polsce
Authors: Kyrc Barbara , Redkwa Maria
Published: January 2025

Artykuł porusza problem interferencji językowej w mowie wielojęzycznych dzieci z Ukrainy w wieku przedszkolnym, które mieszkają w Polsce i posługują się językiem ukraińskim, rosyjskim, polskim oraz w pewnym stopniu językiem angielskim. Badania pokazują wzajemne wpływy i transfer z innych języków do języka pierwszego (L1) lub języka ojczystego na wszystkie podsystemy językowe. W dalszej części artykułu zwrócono uwagę na narracje oparte na dwóch opowieściach obrazkowych. Przełączanie oraz mieszanie kodów różnych języków i jednocześnie zachowanie umie- jętności językowych L1 w środowisku obcojęzycznym to główne zagadnienia poruszane w artykule. Wyniki badań wskazują na nowe zjawisko językowe spowodowane kontaktem języka ukraińskiego, rosyjskiego i polskiego w mowie dziecka. Artykuł ma również znaczenie praktyczne dla nauczycieli szkół i przedszkoli, logopedów pracujących z dziećmi z Ukrainy i innych krajów w Polsce
Optimized green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from guarana seed skin extract with antibacterial potential
Authors: Botinelly Nogueira Rodrigo , Manzato Lizandro , Silveira Gurgel Raiana , Melchionna Albuquerque Patrícia , Magalhães Teixeira Mendes Fabiana , Hotza Dachamir
Published: January 2025

This study optimizes the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using seed skin extract of guarana (Paullinia cupana) as a natural stabilizing and reducing agent. Employing a Taguchi design, nine experiments were conducted across three levels for four key factors: reaction temperature, pH, silver nitrate concentration, and guarana seed skin extract concentration to minimize AgNP size. Optimal conditions – pH 11, 5 mM silver nitrate, 50°C reaction temperature, and 1% (m/v) guarana extract – produced quasi-spherical AgNPs with an average size of ∼26 nm. Chemical analysis revealed caffeine as the main organic compound and potassium oxide as the primary inorganic component. UV-vis spectra showed an absorption peak at 438 nm, and X-ray diffraction confirmed typical AgNP peaks. Further analysis identified polyphenols, alkaloids, and flavonoids as reducing and stabilizing agents. A high AgNP concentration (180.0 ± 0.2 ppm) was confirmed through ICP-OES, and AgNPs demonstrated a significant antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 50 μg·mL−1. This study underscores the sustainability of green synthesis as a promising alternative to traditional nanoparticle production methods.
Adrenal hypoandrogenism in adolescents with premature ovarian insufficiency
Authors: Bilici Meliha Esra , Şıklar Zeynep , Çetinkaya Semra , Özsu Elif , Aycan Zehra , Berberoğlu Merih
Published: January 2025

Objectives

Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) affects 1 in 10,000 children, with its molecular causes largely unknown. Adult studies suggest that low androgen levels induce ovarian insufficiency, but data on about this in children is limited. This study aims to assess the prevalence of low androgen levels in childhood POI and its relationship with adrenal insufficiency.

Materials and methods

Idiopathic POI adolescents were categorized into two groups based on DHEAS and total testosterone (TT) measured by chemiluminescence. Low androgen group (LAG) was defined using cut-offs according to Tanner pubarche staging. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were compared. Morning cortisol <7 mcg/dL and/or ACTH >96 or <5 pg/mL were planned to undergo ACTH stimulation testing, with a peak cortisol response <18 mcg/dL considered insufficient.

Results

Forty-three adolescents, mean age 15.5 ± 1.3 years with a 46, XX karyotype, normal FMR1 mutation, FSH levels >40 mIU/mL, and low AMH levels were included. In 14 cases (37.8 %), DHEAS and TT were low. In the LAG, pubarche was absent in seven patients, and initial height SDS was significantly lower. Morning cortisol ranged from 7.9 to 23.5 mcg/dL, with an ACTH of 29.4 ± 9.7 pg/mL. No differences in adrenal steroids or correlations between DHEAS and ACTH were observed.

Conclusions

Diminished androgen levels are prevalent in children with idiopathic POI. The potential for this condition to increase the risk of adrenal insufficiency and its impact on secondary ovarian insufficiency remains unclear. This study, the first of its kind in children, underscores the potential role of genetic factors in zona reticularis and ovarian development.
Single-channel cooling system design by using perforated porous insert and modeling with POD for double conductive panel
Authors: Selimefendigil Fatih , Benabdallah Faiza , Ghachem Kaouther , Albalawi Hind , Alshammari Badr M. , Kolsi Lioua
Published: January 2025

In this study, a single cooling channel system is suggested for conductive double panel systems. The cooling channel for the vertical component uses perforated porous insert (PP-I) and porous insert (P-I), while cylinders are used in the PP-I case. The permeability of the porous channel (Da between

1

0

−
5

1{0}^{-5}

and

1

0

−
1

1{0}^{-1}

), size of the cylinders (Rc between 0 and 0.25), and location of the PP plate (Yp between 1 and 4.5) are all taken into account when calculating the effectiveness of the cooling system using finite element method. It is found that PP-I can effectively control the vortex size and enhance cooling performance, particularly for vertical plate. Nusselt number is enhanced in the absence of cylinders in the vertical channel by 92% as contrasted to 51% in the presence of cylinders. When cylinders are used for the vertical channel, the temperature drop of

1

3

°

C

1{3}^{^\circ }{\rm{C}}

is computed. The flow field noticeably changes when the permeability of the P-I and PP-I is altered. The equivalent temperature increases for P-I and PP-I with setups at

Da
=
1

0

−
5

{\rm{Da}}=1{0}^{-5}

and

Da
=
1

0

−
2

{\rm{Da}}=1{0}^{-2}

are

7.7

°

C

{\text{7.7}}^{^\circ }{\rm{C}}

and

4.4

°

C

{\text{4.4}}^{^\circ }{\rm{C}}

, respectively. The performance of cooling for the vertical plate is influenced favorably by the higher values of the porous plate’s vertical placement. By moving the porous object, it is possible to reduce the temperature by

8

°

C

{8}^{^\circ }{\rm{C}}

. For panel surface temperature, a proper orthogonal decomposition (POD)-based reconstruction model with 12 POD modes is used. The POD-based model accurately captures the effects of utilizing P-I and PP-I on the panel temperature.
Az ifjúság előtérbe kerülése a magyarországi németek csoportképző folyamatában
Authors: Zsolt Vitári
Published: January 2025

German identity management in Hungary, which intended to make compromises in the 1920s, was not particularly successful. In the school question, in access to youth, and in relations with the churches and the youth organisation ‘Levente’, progress was modest at best. Th us, by the second half of the 1920s, it had become clear that the youth had to be given priority in the group formation of Germans in Hungary, to make it more dynamic. But the youth did not show much inclination for emancipation in their socio-economic milieu, and the conditions for their mobilisation and at the same time their politicisation were unfavourable. A double emancipation was needed: emancipation in the social sense, as youth, and emancipation in the ethnic sense, as German youth. Since independent initiatives were only evident among the university age group, emancipation of teenagers had to be promoted from outside. Th is process was fi nally able to unfold in the early 1930s.
A kisebbségi emlékezet változásai a 20. századi Magyarországon a német kisebbség emlékműveinek példáján
Authors: Beáta Márkus
Published: January 2025

The study examines the culture of remembrance and memory of the German minority in Hungary in the light of the memorials of two selected events — the First World War and the deportation to Soviet forced labour in 1944/1945. In both cases, the focus is on historical experiences that were not exclusively limited to members of the German minority. Therefore, the main question is, whether and if yes, how the memorials refl ect the participation of the minority in the events, whether and if yes, how they have developed representations and narratives that differ from those of the Hungarian majority. According to my hypothesis, while the commemoration of the First World War still largely aligned the memorial traces of the German minority with the majority society, the deprivation of their rights and the expulsion of 1945 caused a rupture between minority and majority that could no longer be left without refl ection on the level of communal memory. Therefore from this time the German minority developed its own narrative of the past, which is also reflected by the memorials.
Középértékek a gyakorlatban
Authors: SUGÁR András
Published: January 2025

Időről időre (főleg a gyakorlati alkalmazásokból leszűrhető tapasztalatok alapján) érdemes áttekinteni még az egyszerűbb statisztikai módszerek elvi alapjait, gyakorlati alkalmazhatóságát is. Ebben a leírásban ezt tesszük a középértékek esetében. A középértékek a leggyakrabban használt statisztikai mutatók/módszerek közé tartoznak. A tankönyvek is eléggé hasonló módon, szerkezetben tárgyalják őket. Ebben a cikkben arra vállalkozunk, hogy röviden összefoglaljuk, mit is értünk középértéken, ezen belül főleg az átlagokkal foglalkozunk. Áttekintjük, milyen fajtái vannak, melyek a középértékek/átlagok tulajdonságai a szakirodalom (pl. a gazdasági jellegű magyar felsőoktatás tananyagai, illetve Statisztikai Szemle cikkek) alapján. Másrészt néhány újszerű szemponttal bővítjük az átlagokról szóló diskurzust, főleg az átlagok fajtái, azok gyakorlati használata, valamint a leggyakrabban használt számtani átlag általánosításai, variációi kapcsán.
Milyen iskoláról álmodnak a diákok és a tanárok?
Authors: Szekér-Mihon Anikó
Published: January 2025

Az ideális iskola minden diák és tanár számára mást jelent, ezért fontos foglalkozni azzal a kérdéssel, hogy hogyan is képzelik el ezt az intézményt. Egy álom iskola sokféle képpen értelmezhető és képzelhető el, jelen tanulmányban azt vizsgálom, hogy a felső tagozatos pécsi diákok, valamint a tanárok elképzelése szerint milyen volna egy ideális iskola mind tárgyi és személyi, mind pedig az abban folyó munkával kapcsolatban.  Egy későbbi változáshoz elengedhetetlen tisztában lenni azzal, hogy milyen változásokat látnának célravezetőnek azok, akik ténylegesen részesei az iskolai életnek. Több szempont alapján felmérem, hogy az iskola épületét, a benne oktató tanárokat milyennek képzelik el, miként vélekednek a tantárgyakról, a tanítási napok hosszáról, az osztálylétszámokról, valamint elemzem az egyebekben kiemelt elképzeléseket mindkét vizsgált populáció esetében. Továbbá összehasonlítom, hogy a diákok és a tanárok meglátásai miben egyeznek és térnek el egymástól.  Eredményeim nem mutatnak jelentős különbséget a jelenlegi és az idealizált iskola között sem a diákok, sem a tanárok véleményeiben. Minden területen szükségesnek tartanának változtatásokat, azonban ezek nem kiugróak és egyértelműen megvalósíthatóak volnának.Az idealizált és a jelenlegi iskolák közötti különbségek áthidalásához érdemes lenne további iskolák diákjait és tanárait megkérdezni az elképzeléseikről, továbbá a jelenlegi oktatási rendszernek is megvizsgálnia ezeket a meglátásokat, hiszen láthatóvá válik, hogy minimális változásokat szeretnének elérni a diákok és a tanárok is, továbbá ezek az elképzelések hozzájárulhatnak egy elégedettebb tanár társadalomhoz, valamint a diákok jobb teljesítményéhez.
ANTROPÓLOGOS E PROFISSIONALIZAÇÃO NA/PARA AMAZÔNIA
Authors: Beltrão Jane Felipe
Published: January 2025

No texto, apresenta-se de forma problematizada a situação da Antropologia na Amazônia brasileira, a partir dos antropólogos doutores registrados na Plataforma Lattes do CNPq, considerando as demandas profissionais e a capacidade de formação de novos profissionais. Toma-se antropólogo e Antropologia em sentido amplo, abrangendo os quatros campos da Antropologia, dada a extensão dos patrimônios na Amazônia e, ainda, as possibilidades de formação feita na região, considerando a fixação dos profissionais.
TEMPO E MEMÓRIA DO PASSADO: apreensão de culturas por meio de experiências
Authors: Santos João Batista Ribeiro
Published: January 2025

A pesquisa sobre o Tempo e as periodizações é conceptualizada, sob vários temas, em disciplina específica. Teoricamente, uma abordagem em que se considere o “período” e o “lugar” num debate transdisciplinar interessa à Ciência, no qual o Tempo seja apresentado como objeto. Informa os problemas apresentados pelas aporias metodológicas e define algumas operações processuais em relação a sistemas culturais. Nesta pesquisa abordaremos o Tempo e a Memória buscando o plano de fundo dos ambientes multiculturais, seja interpretando, seja debatendo postulados históricos e antropológicos, com os quais a arqueologia proporcione a materialidade significante dos objetos. Desta forma, evitaremos as abstrações e relativismos na compreensão das periodizações e lembranças, levando a predominar, perspectivamente, as significâncias objetificadas historicamente. Nossa hipótese é que o Tempo é contado e as Memórias são afixadas conformizados com os usos sociais; nesse sentido, os calendários são utilizados para a instrumentalização da percepção. A nosso ver, basta que a perceptibilidade e as encenações sejam materializadas na objetificação das memórias culturais; portanto, propomos a busca do ritmo das vivências cotidianas como o sentido social da periodização.
PARENTESCO E ETNICIDADE: trajetória de uma liderança quilombola no sertão de Pernambuco
Authors: Charles Faure Xavier Jean , Queiroz Pessoa Carlos Eduardo
Published: January 2025

Neste artigo, analisaremos como uma liderança comunitária do Sítio Feijão e Posse (em Mirandiba, sertão de Pernambuco) dá materialidade a intervenções públicas ligadas a categoria quilombola (como categoria identitária, jurídica e administrativa). Tendo como referência as práticas e representações dos comunitários e da própria liderança, faremos um retrato ambivalente dessa pessoa, que, para alguns, age a favor de seu grupo de parentesco restrito, e, para outros, age a favor dos quilombolas em geral. Nosso enfoque empírico no “mundo de vida” dos atores locais é inspirado pela antropologia da ação pública e das políticas públicas, a qual estuda, geralmente em contextos africanos, o “entrelaçamento de lógicas sociais” observado localmente em intervenções incialmente induzidas pelo poder público. Diante da complexidade das dinâmicas observadas, é preciso, em nossa visão, uma abordagem que não se restringe a etnicidade, noção de base em vários estudos sobre comunidades quilombolas.
PREFÁCIO
Authors: Pereira Neto Francisco
Published: January 2025

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Festança de Vila Bela da Santíssima Trindade: “eu posso com mais alguém”
Authors: Ariano Heloisa Afonso
Published: January 2025

A Festança de Vila Bela da Santíssima Trindade, um agregado de festas religiosas católicas celebradas na fronteira Oeste de Mato Grosso – Brasil – por uma coletividade de afro-brasileiros, atua como um operador do qual as famílias lançam mão para constituírem seus laços de parentesco. Esse é um processo que os festeiros designam “experimentar” a família por meio da festa, e assim, produzirem sua “união”. A casa é o ponto focal da relacionalidade produzida por circulações a pé, que desenham no traçado urbano a “configuração de casas”, responsável por organizar a festa. Este trabalho pretende expor a dinâmica festiva, que aciona práticas em que o abrir das portas remete a uma disposição de diálogo entre a família e a coletividade. Concomitantemente, a família produz, por meio da festa, a individuação de seus membros. A Festança estabelece narrativas paralelas, que associam problemáticas de gênero, etnicidade e grupos etários entrelaçadas. Desta forma, é na experiência vivida, em toda sua sensorialidade, que os festeiros de Vila Bela acreditam que podem testar e incorporar valores religiosos.
Strength of Low-Frequency EEG Phase Entrainment to External Stimuli Is Associated with Fluctuations in the Brain's Internal State
Authors: Mäki-Marttunen Verónica , Velinov Alexandra , Nieuwenhuis Sander
Published: January 2025

The brain attends to environmental rhythms by aligning the phase of internal oscillations. However, the factors underlying fluctuations in the strength of this phase entrainment remain largely unknown. In the present study, we examined whether the strength of low-frequency electroencephalography (EEG) phase entrainment to rhythmic stimulus sequences varied with the pupil size and posterior alpha-band power, thought to reflect the arousal level and excitability of posterior cortical brain areas, respectively. We recorded the pupil size and scalp EEG while participants carried out an intermodal selective attention task, in which they were instructed to attend to a rhythmic sequence of visual or auditory stimuli and ignore the other perceptual modality. As expected, intertrial phase coherence (ITC), a measure of entrainment strength, was larger for the task-relevant than for the task-irrelevant modality. Across the experiment, the pupil size and posterior alpha power were strongly linked with each other. Interestingly, ITC tracked both variables: larger pupil size was associated with a selective increase in entrainment to the task-relevant stimulus sequence, whereas larger posterior alpha power was associated with a decrease in phase entrainment to both the task-relevant and task-irrelevant stimulus sequences. Exploratory analyses showed that a temporal relation between ITC and posterior alpha power emerged in the time periods around pupil maxima and pupil minima. These results indicate that endogenous sources contribute distinctly to the fluctuations of EEG phase entrainment.
Cortex-Specific
Tmem169
Deficiency Induces Defects in Cortical Neuron Development and Autism-Like Behaviors in Mice
Authors: Wang Junhao , Zhang Jiwen , Li Jinpeng , Gao Qiong , Chen Jiawei , Jia Chunhong , Gu Xi
Published: January 2025

The development of the nervous system is a complex process, with many challenging scientific questions yet to be resolved. Disruptions in brain development are strongly associated with neurodevelopmental disorders, such as intellectual disability and autism. While the genetic basis of autism is well established, the precise pathological mechanisms remain unclear. Variations on chromosome 2q have been linked to autism, yet the specific genes responsible for the disorder have not been identified. This study investigates the role of the transmembrane protein 169 (
TMEM169
) gene, located on human chromosome 2q35, which has not been previously characterized. Our findings indicate that
Tmem169
is highly expressed in the nervous system, and its deletion in the male mouse dorsal forebrain results in neuronal morphological abnormalities and synaptic dysfunction. Notably,
Tmem169
-deficient mice, irrespective of sex, display behavioral traits resembling those observed in individuals with autism. These results suggest that Tmem169 interacts with several key neuronal proteins, many of which are implicated in neurodevelopmental diseases. Furthermore, we demonstrate that Tmem169 promotes neuronal process and synapse development through its interaction with Shank3.
Notch1
is Required to Maintain Supporting Cell Identity and Vestibular Function during Maturation of the Mammalian Balance Organs
Authors: Heffer Alison , Lee Choongheon , Mayernik Joseph P. , Holt Joseph C. , Kiernan Amy E.
Published: January 2025

The inner ear houses both hearing and balance sensory modalities. The hearing and balance organs consist of similar cell types, including sensory hair cells and associated supporting cells. Previously we showed that
Notch1
is required for maintaining supporting cell survival during cochlear maturation. To understand the role of Notch during vestibular maturation, we deleted
Notch1
from the vestibular organs of both male and female mice at birth. Histological analyses showed a reduction of supporting cells accompanied by an increase in type II hair cells, indicating a conversion of supporting cells to hair cells. Analysis of mature sensory organs indicate the converted hair cells survive, despite a severe reduction of supporting cells. Vestibular sensory evoked potentials (VsEPs), thought to be generated within the striola regions of the maculae, were absent, indicating that NOTCH1 is critical for striolar function. Specialized type I hair cells in the striola failed to develop the complex calyces typical of these cells.
Notch1
mutants did not exhibit vestibular behaviors such as circling and head shaking but showed difficulties with tests of balance and swimming. These results indicate that, unlike the cochlea, supporting cells in balance organs retain the plasticity to convert to hair cells which can survive into adulthood. Despite hair cell survival, vestibular function is compromised likely due to the loss of supporting cells and altered innervation.
Narracja i ekspozycja w dyskursie antropologii monstrualności
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Konończuk Elżbieta
Published: January 2025

In the paper the author discusses the book Monstruarium (2010) by AnnaWieczorkiewicz as a text constructing the basis of the anthropological discourse dealing with the phenomenon of monstrosity as well as otherness in the broad meaning of the term. The focal issues are various, changing in time, forms of personality.
Je li stil i danas „Čovjek sam”? Stil UI pjesama o oblaku i smrti
Authors: Garvanović-Porobija Đurđica
Published: January 2025

Ovaj rad istražuje stil pjesama Umjetne inteligencije (UIja) o oblaku i smrti što ih je generirao Bing Chat s GPT-4 Copilot u suradnji s autoricom članka, s temeljnom svrhom ispitivanja stilskih dosega u UI pjesmama sui generis i u usporedbi s humanim uzorcima, kako bi se utvrdio smisao i potencijal suradnje s UI-jom u pisanju poezije. U Uvodu je predstavljen kontekst istraživanja teme o UI poeziji, koji upućuje na ograničenja i razvoj tog područja. U dvama poglavljima provedena je stilska analiza prema postulatima tradicionalne stilistike, literarne stilistike i stilistike diskursa četiriju generiranih pjesama o oblaku i četiriju o smrti. Uzorci su pjesme „Oblak” D. Cesarića i „Smrt” A. B. Šimića. Analiza generiranih pjesama ispitivala je prvenstveno citate, parafraze i ostale stilske figure, kako bi se odredile karakteristike poetskog diskursa i profil intertekstualnosti između generirane pjesme i uzorka. Rezultat analize pokazuje nedostatke generiranih pjesama na razini figura dikcije, ritma i eufonije, ali i inventivne mogućnosti u promjenama stilskog registra prema vedrijim alternativama. Diskurs generiranih pjesama obilježuje naklonost prema idealističkim, metafizičkim i umjetničkim konceptima mišljenja te sklonost akciji. Na semantičkoj je razini uočen nedostatak osjećaja bola te značajno nesnalaženje s temom o smrti. Unatoč nedostatcima, ovaj rad pokazuje da suradnja s UI generatorom u budućnosti može biti plodna za humane pjesnike i interpretatore u smislu usmjeravanja na alternativna kreativna rješenja.
(Meta)refleksivni lirski subjekt i tijelo: stilistička konceptualizacija pjesničke knjige Ipak, zora Tomislava Augustinčića
Authors: Šunjić Ivan
Published: January 2025

Rad se bavi prvom pjesničkom knjigom Ipak, zora Tomislava Augustinčića, suvremenog hrvatskog znanstvenika, pjesnika i književnog kritičara. U središtu analize i interpretacije je (meta)refleksivni lirski subjekt i tijelo kao središnji tematski aspekt knjige. U prvom dijelu rada otvara se pitanje pjesničke knjige kao konceptualne cjeline, njezinih mogućih žanrovskih odrednica, te se odabire žanrovski modus – „duge pjesme” ili poeme – kroz koji se analizira i interpretira. U drugom dijelu rada obrađuje se problematika lirskog subjekta i/kao tijela, s naglaskom na prostoru i vremenu, intimističkom i ljubavno-erotskom tematskom krugu te metadiskurzivnim relacijama. Sukladno tematu časopisa u kojem se objavljuje, rad je metodološki zasnovan na suvremenoj stilističkoj rekonceptualizaciji poezije i poetskog stila glede kategorija lirskog subjekta, pjesničke refleksivnosti i slikovitosti te metadiskurzivnih pjesničkih relacija (Tin Lemac). Rad ukazuje na polidiskurzivnost kao poetičko-stilski konstituens tematizirane poetske knjige.
Rückblick: Jahrestagung der DGPuK-Fachgruppe Medienökonomie
Authors: von Rimscha Björn , Riemann Robin , Ehrlich Gianna L.
Published: January 2025

Die diesjährige Jahrestagung der Fachgruppe Medienökonomie der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Publizistik- und Kommunikationswissenschaft (DGPuK) brachte Wissenschaftler und Praktiker unter dem Titel „Alles rational? Der menschliche Faktor in Medienorganisationen“ in Mainz zusammen. Mehr als 60 Teilnehmende diskutierten aktuelle Erkenntnisse und Herausforderungen der Medienökonomie, wobei Rationalität und individuelle Entscheidungsfindung im Zentrum standen. Wir blicken zurück auf eine Tagung mit interessanten Vorträgen, neuen wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnissen und anregenden Diskussionen. Im Folgenden bieten wir einen Überblick über die 20 Tagungsbeiträge, das Praxis-Panel und den Verlauf der Konferenz.
Prevención y seguridad para el regreso a clases de educación física presenciales durante la Covid-19: diferencias por género y formación profesional
Authors: Ceballos-Gurrola Oswaldo , Ceballos-Gurrola Ernesto , Vergara-Torres Argenis P.
Published: January 2025

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyse Mexican physical education teachers' level of knowledge of prevention and safety recommendations for returning to classroom instruction after COVID-19 confinement, and to determine whether there were differences according to gender and type of professional training. Methods: A total of 669 teachers (Mage = 40.33 years, SD = 10.26) responded to an ad hoc questionnaire. Results: The results showed high mean scores for prevention and safety measures, with hygiene recommendations being the highest (M = 6.52), while the use of technology was the lowest (M = 5.32). Significant differences were only found for professional training in hygiene recommendations (p < .05; Hedges' g = 0.09), while there were no statistically significant differences according to gender in any of the factors. Conclusion: There seems to be a broad recognition of safety measures for COVID-19 prevention by the teachers participating in this research, however, studies with different methodologies are needed to confirm these findings.
Saving Penalties in Football: A Skill Beyond Chance
Authors: Rodríguez Sebastián
Published: January 2025

The ability of goalkeepers to stop penalty kicks in football has often been interpreted as a matter of luck or chance. However, scientific evidence refutes this notion, demonstrating that the skill and experience of the goalkeeper have a significant impact on the final outcome. This essay seeks to highlight the importance of attention, reaction, agility, and anticipation in football goalkeepers during penalty kicks, placing greater emphasis on anticipation over luck and chance in these critical moments of the game. The arguments and analyses presented here are supported by scientific studies, audiovisual material, and sports data. It is noteworthy that experienced goalkeepers are considerably more effective in stopping penalties than their less experienced counterparts. This skill can be enhanced through training focused on visual perception. Expert goalkeepers can discern multiple sources of information during the opponent's movement, allowing them to accurately anticipate the ball's trajectory. Furthermore, there are recommended strategies to improve performance in penalty kicks, such as specific visual perception training, detailed analysis of opponent shots, identification of kinematic patterns in kicks, and maintaining body language that denotes mastery. In conclusion, the ability to stop penalties should not be solely attributed to luck, as experience, skill, and training play a fundamental role in the goalkeeper's performance in these crucial game situations.
Second Nature: Adorno and Contemporary Education
Authors: Šumila Edvardas
Published: January 2025

The paper aims to provide a conceptual basis for reconciling the radical resistance to totality posed by Adorno’s negative dialectics with contemporary considerations of the environment, capable of developing a more symbiotic educational approach in the context of contemporary crises. This is done by exploring the notion of ‘second nature’, the significance of which is underlined by its rootedness in the dialectical tradition of German philosophy and Adorno’s emphasis on the nonidentical as an essential condition for critique and a link between subjectivity and what is understood as nature and history.
Comparative Analysis of Sorrow in Shakespeare’s Juliet and Homer’s Andromache
Authors: Chakraborty Sanjukta , Gulati Varun , Sharma Deepali
Published: January 2025

The most memorable protagonists in any given piece of Classical Literature are often the characters who face and overcome the greatest psychological trials and obstacles. This article studies the choices of two such characters who both experience extreme and unimaginable sorrow – Homer’s Andromache and Shakespeare’s Juliet. While one character is content with her role in society, the other tries to break convention in order to be with her love. A deeper psychoanalytical study of their actions and choices, with particular emphasis on the effects of ‘sorrow’ through the lens of Freud’s concepts of bereavement and melancholia, are analyzed in this article. From love and contentment, both women face trials and tribulations which lead to loss and death. However, both these characters’ reactions toward their sorrows are what set them apart from one another; while one woman is idolized as the quintessential pinnacle of womanhood for all generations, the other is immortalized as the rebellious protagonist of a Shakespearean Romantic tragedy.
Structural model and scheme of a piezoengine for aeronautics and aerospace
Authors: Afonin SM
Published: January 2025

In the work the structural model and the structural scheme of a piezoengine are calculated for aeronautics and aerospace. The matrix equation of a piezoactuator is determined. The mechanical characteristic and the parameters of the PZT piezoactuator are obtained in control systems for aeronautics and aerospace. A piezoengine is used for nanoalignment and nanopositioning, compensation of temperature and gravitational deformations in aeronautics and aerospace, nanoresearh for tunel microscopy, adaptive optics, astronomy for compound telescope and satellite telescope. The linear change in the size of a piezoengine occurs by the electric field changes. A piezoengine is a piezomechanical device for converting electrical energy into mechanical energy and for actuating mechanisms, systems or its controlling by using inverse piezoeeffect. Piezoceramics include barium titanate or ferroelectric ceramics, based on lead zirconate titanate type PZT, are widely used for the production of piezoengines. The PZT piezoengine is characterized by high accuracy, small overall dimensions, simple design and control, reliability and cost effectiveness. The structural general model, the scheme and the functions a piezoengine are obtained for aeronautics and aerospace. Method of applied mathematical physics is applied for determinations the characteristics of a piezoengine with using the piezoelasticity equation and the differential equation. The static and dynamic characteristics of the PZT piezoengine are determined.
Surface modification of nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots for enhanced functionalities
Authors: Pham Van Duong , Le Anh Thi , Do Minh Hieu , Le Thi Thu Huong , Nguyen Duc Toan , Pham Hong Minh , Nguyen Trong Tuyen , Nguyen Dinh Lam , Nguyen Minh Hoa , Nguyen Thanh Binh
Published: January 2025

A facile and controllable one-step atmospheric pressure microplasma method was employed to synthesize nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) with tunable optical properties. The N-CQDs were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, UV‒Vis absorption spectroscopy, and photoluminescence spectroscopy. HRTEM revealed uniformly distributed spherical nanoparticles with a graphite-like structure. FTIR confirmed effective nitrogen doping, enhancing chemical stability. UV‒Vis spectroscopy revealed redshifted absorption peaks, indicating improved electronic interactions and a reduced bandgap (4.05 eV) compared to those of undoped CQDs (4.18 eV). PL analysis revealed excitation-dependent emission and a significantly higher photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 33.09%. These results suggest that N-CQDs hold promise for applications in optoelectronics and bioimaging, providing a foundation for further optimization in future studies.
Measurements of Susceptibility to Anchoring are Unreliable
Authors: Röseler Lukas , Weber Lucia , Helgerth Katharina A. C. , Stich Elena , Günther Miriam , Tegethoff Paulina , Wagner Felix Stefan , Schütz Astrid
Published: January 2025

Theories on anchoring effects—the assimilation of numerical estimates toward previously considered numbers—have been used to derive hypotheses that susceptibility to anchoring is correlated with certain personality traits. Thus, for the last decade, a considerable amount of research has investigated relationships between people’s susceptibility to anchoring and personality traits (e.g., intelligence, the Big Five, narcissism). However, many of the findings are contradictory. We suspect that this inconsistency is grounded in imprecise measurements. Unfortunately, few reports have disclosed estimates of the susceptibility scores’ reliability (e.g., Cronbach’s alpha). We created a large and open data set of anchoring susceptibility scores and conducted a meta-analysis to test how extensive the reliability problem is. Results suggest that the reliability of most tasks is very low. In the few cases in which the reliability is acceptable, the validity of anchoring scores is questionable. We discuss requirements for further attempts to solve the reliability problem.
DEVICE FOR CALIBRATION OF THE PRESSURE SENSOR OF GRANULAR BULK MATERIALS
Authors: Zhdanov A. , Petrov V. , Misko Y.
Published: January 2025

According to the plan for the implementation of the scientific and technical work "Experimental and theoretical studies of the influence of the roll of a vertical deep container on the distribution of horizontal pressure of granular bulk material on the walls of the container" (DR No. 0121U112518), which is being carried out at the Department of Mechanical Engineering of ODABA, for further research on the pressure distribution of bulk material, a pneumatic measuring system for measuring pressure of granular material on the vertical walls of storage models was developed. Pressure measurements are indirect - based on the absolute value of the movement of the sensor platform, which perceives the pressure of the bulk material, relative to the sensor body, the amount of pressure of the bulk material on the sensor was estimated. The system is multi-channel, each measuring channel consists of a bulk material pressure sensor, a channel for measuring movement of the pressure sensor platform and a recorder of this movement. The device for calibrating the pressure sensor is designed to obtain the calibration dependence of the output signal (the air pressure in the measurement chamber with pneumatic sieves) from the input signal (the value of the uniformly distributed pressure on the sensor). The device is two connected hydraulic systems filled with water. One of them consists of a pressure chamber with a flexible membrane through which the water pressure is transmitted to the sensor, and a measuring tube with a ruler to measure the water level above the membrane. The second one is a buffer tank for water, connected to the pressure chamber of the first system by a flexible tube and can move in vertical position. Hydrosystems are interconnected, so the both of them have the same water level. The water pressure on the sensor changes by moving the buffer tank up and down. The sensor is made in accordance with the patent of Ukraine for the invention and consists of a housing connected through an annular elastic element to the sensor platform, which perceives the pressure of the bulk material. In order to exclude the impact on the measured pressure by arching in the loose material above the sensor platform, linear displacements of the sensor platform relative to the housing should not exceed 5-8 ?m. Such small movements are measured by a non-contact pneumatic gauge based on a non-differential measuring pneumatic system of the manometric type with a working air pressure in the system of 7.5-10 kPa. Air pressure in the pneumatic system is measured by alcohol manometers. The device is made in the form of a two-branch rack: one branch is a measuring branch, and the other has a screw mechanism for vertical movement of the buffer tank. The accuracy of the pressure assignment on the sensor is ± 0.1 g/cm2, and the measurement of the output signal is ± 0.5 mm
Cold exposure
reinstates NAD

+

levels and attenuates hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Grazioso Tatiana P , del Mar Rigual Maria , Perna Cristian , Caleiras Eduardo J , Djouder Nabil
Published: January 2025

Cold
exposure has been historically used for medicinal purposes, but its benefits and associated mechanisms in mammalian organisms still remain unclear.
Here
, we explore the chemoprotective properties of cold temperature using a mouse model of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) that recapitulates several human features. Chronic
cold
exposure is shown to prolong lifespan in
diseased
mice, enhance liver health, and suppress the development
of aggressive HCC
, preventing hepatocellular hypertrophy, high-grade oval cell hyperplasia, liver steatosis, and aberrant hepatocyte hyperproliferation. Mechanistically,
exposure to cold temperatures reinstates NAD

+

levels in the HCC mouse model
s
that originally exhibited
low NAD

+

levels
,
a contributing
process
to the development of liver tumors. These findings uncover
the role
of cold therapy to
attenuate
HCC development
and
potentially other existing malignancies involving NAD

+

modulation.