bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthetically Modified Tara and Oak Gall Nut Tannin‐Based Corrosion Inhibitors for Combating the Corrosive Influence of Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans on Mild Steel
Authors: Sanni Samuel Eshorame , Okunade Oreoluwa , Okoro Emeka Emmanuel , Oni Babalola Aisosa
Published: June 2024

Natural tara and oak gall nut tannins, which lack corrosion inhibitive properties, were modified using gum arabic and tested against microbial corrosion induced by Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans under isothermal condition (28°C). Mild steel coated with the modified tannins was exposed to the causative under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Based on the results, corrosion inhibition efficiencies of 75% (aerobic)/59.41% (anaerobic) and 77% (aerobic)/60.87% (anaerobic) were observed for 20 mL : 30 mL and 20 mL : 5 mL oak gall nut tannin‐gum arabic combinations, which gave reduced corrosion rates of 519.46 and 488 mm/yr, respectively, under aerobic condition against the value (1630.74 mm/yr) recorded for the metal coated with 25 mL oak gall nut tannin only, whereas the best tara sample (i.e., the 20 mL : 25 mL tara tannin‐gum arabic combination) gave corrosion inhibition efficiencies of 71.44% (aerobic)/54.16% (anaerobic), thus giving a reduction in corrosion rate from 1678.29 mm/yr for the metal coated with 25 mL tara tannin only to 556.19 mm/yr for the metal coated with 20 mL : 25 mL tara tannin‐gum arabic in aerobic condition. Hence, the modified tannins are essential in boosting the corrosion inhibitive properties of ordinary oak gall nut and tara tannins by a maximum of 67.3% in aerobic condition.
Optimizing Power Supply Scheduling for Offshore Stand‐Alone Microgrids: A Novel Framework considering Load and Fuel Procurement Uncertainties
Authors: Karimi Saeidabadi Alireza , Soleymani Soodabeh , Mozafari Babak , Mohammadnezhadshourkaei Hossein
Published: June 2024

In offshore stand‐alone microgrids, due to the lack of access to the main power grid, energy supply has always been vulnerable to many risks, such as uncertainty in fuel supply for diesel generators (DEGs) and unforeseen changes in renewable energy sources (RESs) and loads. As a result, this paper proposes a novel framework based on the hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) concept to optimize the capacity design and operation of HRES. The proposed framework is implemented on one of the Persian Gulf islands as a case study. This paper uses hybrid IGDT/stochastic optimization techniques for load and PV uncertainties and a novel wind‐based method for fuel procurement uncertainties. Using MIP modeling in GAMS, the paper shows that renewable and storage systems can reduce the total cost by 38% and the energy supply cost by 43% compared to conventional energy supply system. Accounting for uncertainties can boost the system robustness and reduce the expected total cost by 16% compared to the deterministic model.
Patient Perceptions of Physical Rehabilitation and Its Method of Delivery for a Variety of Adverse Physical Effects following Breast Cancer Surgery: An Observational Mixed Methods Study
Authors: McGhee Deirdre E. , McMahon Anne T. , Steele Julie R.
Published: June 2024

Purpose. To investigate patient perceptions of physical rehabilitation received for various adverse physical effects following breast cancer surgery and the content and delivery methods of the physical rehabilitation received. Methods. Cross‐sectional study of 509 Australian women living with breast cancer (n = 178 (35%) (Breast Conserving Surgery (BCS)), n = 168 (33%) (Mastectomy (MAST)), and n = 163 (32%) (Breast Reconstruction Surgery (BRS)). Retrospective, online survey investigated the physical rehabilitation received after surgery/treatment. The survey explored the respondents′ perceptions (open response) and satisfaction levels with the physical rehabilitation received and its content and delivery method (closed responses). Perceptions were analyzed using a thematic analysis; satisfaction levels and delivery methods for each adverse physical effect were tabulated. Results. Major perceptions: (i) unaware of and unprepared for adverse physical effects, (ii) unsuitable information delivery, and (iii) insufficient follow‐up from health professionals. Physical rehabilitation content focused on shoulder issues and lymphedema; less than half of respondents received any information about scars, torso, and donor site issues or physical discomfort disturbing sleep. The proportion that received each delivery method varied for each adverse physical effect. Pamphlets and verbal instruction were the most common delivery methods and sessions with health professionals where issues were physically assessed, checked, or progressed the least common. Satisfaction levels varied for each adverse physical effect; all were less than 50%. Conclusion. Women perceived their physical rehabilitation did not prepare them for the adverse physical effects they experienced, the method and timing of delivery did not meet their needs at various stages of recovery, and the follow‐up was insufficient. Quantitative data on the content and delivery method support these perceptions. Explanations of why these perceptions occurred and recommendations to improve physical rehabilitation through greater use of patient‐related outcome measures and spreading limited physical rehabilitation resources using a three‐level model of care are recommended. Although many women recover from breast cancer, improved physical rehabilitation could enable women to manage any immediate or long‐term side effects of their breast cancer surgery and treatment.
Investigation of Helicopter Blade Tip Configuration during Hover Flight Employing Computational Fluid Dynamics
Authors: Stouti Soufiane , Lahlou Assel Thami , Lagrat Ismail , Mounir Hamid , Bouazaoui Oussama
Published: June 2024

Our research focused on investigating the influence of rotor blade tip geometry on the aerodynamic performance of helicopters during hover flight, with the goal of enhancing overall efficiency. Through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis using the Bell 212 helicopter configuration, we evaluated four different blade tip geometries: rectangular, anhedral, swept, and parabolic. Our study revealed significant insights into the aerodynamic characteristics of each geometry, including pressure distribution and airflow patterns. Crucially, we observed improvements in the thrust coefficient CT and stability, leading to enhanced efficiency, particularly with the optimized blade tip geometry identified through our comparative analysis. These findings offer valuable guidance for designing more efficient helicopter rotors.
RUVBL1/2 Blockade Targets YTHDF1 Activity to Suppress m6A-Dependent Oncogenic Translation and Colorectal Tumorigenesis
Authors: Chen Danyu , Ji Fenfen , Zhou Qiming , Cheung Henley , Pan Yasi , Lau Harry C.-H. , Liang Cong , Yang Zhenjie , Huang Pingmei , Wei Qinyao , Cheung Alvin H.-K. , Kang Wei , Chen Huarong , Yu Jun , Wong Chi Chun
Published: June 2024

The N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA-binding protein YTHDF1 is frequently overexpressed in colorectal cancer and drives chemotherapeutic resistance. To systematically identify druggable targets in colorectal cancer with high expression of YTHDF1, this study used a CRISPR/Cas9 screening strategy that revealed RUVBL1 and RUVBL2 as putative targets. RUVBL1/2 were overexpressed in primary colorectal cancer samples and represented independent predictors of poor patient prognosis. Functionally, loss of RUVBL1/2 preferentially impaired the growth of YTHDF1-high colorectal cancer cells, patient-derived primary colorectal cancer organoids, and subcutaneous xenografts. Mechanistically, YTHFD1 and RUVBL1/2 formed a positive feedforward circuit to accelerate oncogenic translation. YTHDF1 bound to m6A-modified RUVBL1/2 mRNA to promote translation initiation and protein expression. Coimmunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry identified that RUVBL1/2 reciprocally interacted with YTHDF1 at 40S translation initiation complexes. Consequently, RUVBL1/2 depletion stalled YTHDF1-driven oncogenic translation and nascent protein biosynthesis, leading to proliferative arrest and apoptosis. Ribosome sequencing revealed that RUVBL1/2 loss impaired the activation of MAPK, RAS, and PI3K-AKT signaling induced by YTHDF1. Finally, the blockade of RUVBL1/2 by the pharmacological inhibitor CB6644 or vesicle-like nanoparticle-encapsulated siRNAs preferentially arrested the growth of YTHDF1-expressing colorectal cancer in vitro and in vivo. Our findings show that RUVBL1/2 are potential prognostic markers and druggable targets that regulate protein translation in YTHDF1-high colorectal cancer.

Significance: RUVBL1/2 inhibition is a therapeutic strategy to abrogate YTHDF1-driven oncogenic translation and overcome m6A dysregulation in colorectal cancer.
Proteomic Profiling of Serum Extracellular Vesicles Identifies Diagnostic Signatures and Therapeutic Targets in Breast Cancer
Authors: Xu Ganfei , Huang Rui , Wumaier Reziya , Lyu Jiacheng , Huang Minjing , Zhang Yaya , Chen Qingjian , Liu Wenting , Tao Mengyu , Li Junjian , Tao Zhonghua , Yu Bo , Xu Erxiang , Wang Lingfeng , Yu Guoying , Gires Olivier , Zhou Lei , Zhu Wei , Ding Chen , Wang Hongxia
Published: June 2024

Analysis of extracellular vesicles (EV) is a promising noninvasive liquid biopsy approach for breast cancer detection, prognosis, and therapeutic monitoring. A comprehensive understanding of the characteristics and proteomic composition of breast cancer–specific EVs from human samples is required to realize the potential of this strategy. In this study, we applied a mass spectrometry–based, data-independent acquisition proteomic approach to characterize human serum EVs derived from patients with breast cancer (n = 126) and healthy donors (n = 70) in a discovery cohort and validated the findings in five independent cohorts. Examination of the EV proteomes enabled the construction of specific EV protein classifiers for diagnosing breast cancer and distinguishing patients with metastatic disease. Of note, TALDO1 was found to be an EV biomarker of distant metastasis of breast cancer. In vitro and in vivo analysis confirmed the role of TALDO1 in stimulating breast cancer invasion and metastasis. Finally, high-throughput molecular docking and virtual screening of a library consisting of 271,380 small molecules identified a potent TALDO1 allosteric inhibitor, AO-022, which could inhibit breast cancer migration in vitro and tumor progression in vivo. Together, this work elucidates the proteomic alterations in the serum EVs of breast cancer patients to guide the development of improved diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment strategies.

Significance: Characterization of the proteomic composition of circulating extracellar vesicles in breast cancer patients identifies signatures for diagnosing primary and metastatic tumors and reveals tumor-promoting cargo that can be targeted to improve outcomes.
Identification of Therapy-Induced Clonal Evolution and Resistance Pathways in Minimal Residual Clones in Multiple Myeloma through Single-Cell Sequencing
Authors: Cui Jian , Li Xiaoyun , Deng Shuhui , Du Chenxing , Fan Huishou , Yan Wenqiang , Xu Jingyu , Li Xiaoqing , Yu Tengteng , Zhang Shuaishuai , Lv Rui , Sui Weiwei , Hao Mu , Du Xin , Xu Yan , Yi Shuhua , Zou Dehui , Cheng Tao , Qiu Lugui , Gao Xin , An Gang
Published: June 2024

Purpose:

In multiple myeloma (MM), therapy-induced clonal evolution is associated with treatment resistance and is one of the most important hindrances toward a cure for MM. To further understand the molecular mechanisms controlling the clonal evolution of MM, we applied single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to paired diagnostic and posttreatment bone marrow (BM) samples.

Experimental Design:

scRNA-seq was performed on 38 BM samples from patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (n = 1), MM patients at diagnosis (n = 19), MM posttreatment (n = 17), and one healthy donor (HD). The single-cell transcriptome data of malignant plasma cells (PC) and the surrounding immune microenvironment were analyzed.

Results:

Profiling by scRNA-seq data revealed three primary trajectories of transcriptional evolution after treatment: clonal elimination in patients with undetectable minimal residual disease (MRD−) and clonal stabilization and clonal selection in detectable MRD (MRD+) patients. We noted a metabolic shift toward fatty acid oxidation in cycling-resistant PCs, whereas selective PCs favored the NF-κB pathway. Intriguingly, when comparing the genetic and transcriptional dynamics, we found a significant correlation between genetic and nongenetic factors in driving the clonal evolution. Furthermore, we identified variations in cellular interactions between malignant PCs and the tumor microenvironment. Selective PCs showed the most robust cellular interactions with the tumor microenvironment.

Conclusions:

These data suggest that MM cells could rapidly adapt to induction treatment through transcriptional adaptation, metabolic adaptation, and specialized immune evasion. Targeting therapy-induced resistance mechanisms may help to avert refractory disease in MM.
Supplementary Figure 18 from Ultrasensitive Detection of Circulating LINE-1 ORF1p as a Specific Multicancer Biomarker
Authors: Taylor Martin S. , Wu Connie , Fridy Peter C. , Zhang Stephanie J. , Senussi Yasmeen , Wolters Justina C. , Cajuso Tatiana , Cheng Wen-Chih , Heaps John D. , Miller Bryant D. , Mori Kei , Cohen Limor , Jiang Hua , Molloy Kelly R. , Chait Brian T. , Goggins Michael G. , Bhan Irun , Franses Joseph W. , Yang Xiaoyu , Taplin Mary-Ellen , Wang Xinan , Christiani David C. , Johnson Bruce E. , Meyerson Matthew , Uppaluri Ravindra , Egloff Ann Marie , Denault Elyssa N. , Spring Laura M. , Wang Tian-Li , Shih Ie-Ming , Fairman Jennifer E. , Jung Euihye , Arora Kshitij S. , Yilmaz Osman H. , Cohen Sonia , Sharova Tatyana , Chi Gary , Norden Bryanna L. , Song Yuhui , Nieman Linda T. , Pappas Leontios , Parikh Aparna R. , Strickland Matthew R. , Corcoran Ryan B. , Mustelin Tomas , Eng George , Yilmaz Ömer H. , Matulonis Ursula A. , Chan Andrew T. , Skates Steven J. , Rueda Bo R. , Drapkin Ronny , Klempner Samuel J. , Deshpande Vikram , Ting David T. , Rout Michael P. , LaCava John , Walt David R. , Burns Kathleen H.
Published: June 2024

Second round of screening of newly developed monoclonal antibody and dimeric nanobody reagent pairs in patient plasma.
Supplementary Figure 14 from Ultrasensitive Detection of Circulating LINE-1 ORF1p as a Specific Multicancer Biomarker
Authors: Taylor Martin S. , Wu Connie , Fridy Peter C. , Zhang Stephanie J. , Senussi Yasmeen , Wolters Justina C. , Cajuso Tatiana , Cheng Wen-Chih , Heaps John D. , Miller Bryant D. , Mori Kei , Cohen Limor , Jiang Hua , Molloy Kelly R. , Chait Brian T. , Goggins Michael G. , Bhan Irun , Franses Joseph W. , Yang Xiaoyu , Taplin Mary-Ellen , Wang Xinan , Christiani David C. , Johnson Bruce E. , Meyerson Matthew , Uppaluri Ravindra , Egloff Ann Marie , Denault Elyssa N. , Spring Laura M. , Wang Tian-Li , Shih Ie-Ming , Fairman Jennifer E. , Jung Euihye , Arora Kshitij S. , Yilmaz Osman H. , Cohen Sonia , Sharova Tatyana , Chi Gary , Norden Bryanna L. , Song Yuhui , Nieman Linda T. , Pappas Leontios , Parikh Aparna R. , Strickland Matthew R. , Corcoran Ryan B. , Mustelin Tomas , Eng George , Yilmaz Ömer H. , Matulonis Ursula A. , Chan Andrew T. , Skates Steven J. , Rueda Bo R. , Drapkin Ronny , Klempner Samuel J. , Deshpande Vikram , Ting David T. , Rout Michael P. , LaCava John , Walt David R. , Burns Kathleen H.
Published: June 2024

Representative SPR sensorgrams of ORF1 “3rd Gen.” nanobody multimers with “5xCys Tail.
Supplementary Figure S6 from The TERT Promoter is Polycomb-Repressed in Neuroblastoma Cells with Long Telomeres
Authors: Graham Mindy K. , Xu Beisi , Davis Christine , Meeker Alan K. , Heaphy Christopher M. , Yegnasubramanian Srinivasan , Dyer Michael A. , Zeineldin Maged
Published: June 2024

Supplementary Figure S6
Supplementary Figure S1 from The TERT Promoter is Polycomb-Repressed in Neuroblastoma Cells with Long Telomeres
Authors: Graham Mindy K. , Xu Beisi , Davis Christine , Meeker Alan K. , Heaphy Christopher M. , Yegnasubramanian Srinivasan , Dyer Michael A. , Zeineldin Maged
Published: June 2024

Supplementary Figure S1
FIGURE 1 from The TERT Promoter is Polycomb-Repressed in Neuroblastoma Cells with Long Telomeres
Authors: Graham Mindy K. , Xu Beisi , Davis Christine , Meeker Alan K. , Heaphy Christopher M. , Yegnasubramanian Srinivasan , Dyer Michael A. , Zeineldin Maged
Published: June 2024

DNA hypomethylation of the TERT locus in neuroblastoma cell lines, tumors and O-PDX. A, Alignments of DNA methylation from WGBS for the TERT locus in neuroblastoma cell lines (black), autopsy (red), and O-PDX (blue). Tumor autopsies and O-PDX that are derived from the same patients are connected by a curved line. The hypomethylated region shaded in gray starts −694 bases from the TERT TSS and ends 758 bases after the TSS.
O território oriental da Vila de Lorena: a estrema da capitania paulista no Vale do Paraíba - o povoamento e a posse
Authors: Reis Paulo Pereira dos
Published: June 2024

In 1726 the government was making every effort in the opening of the “new way of Piedade" whose trails followed the edges of the Paraíba river. In 1776 the governor of São Paulo decided to modifie the trails that would turn away, near Areias, from the floodable edges of the Paraíba river (and consequently from Campo Alegre) and go in South eastem direction, for the “Freguesia de São João Marcos”. That decision provoked the hostility of the parish of Campo Alegre. In 1776 the village of Guaratinguetá ratified the possession of the lands this side of the Pirai river. In 1789 the new village of Lorena confirmed this possession made by the people of Guaratinguetá. These facts provoked the protest in Campo Alegre, São João Marcos, Angra dos Reis and in the Council of Rio de Janeiro and also the censorship of the vice-roys against 'he government of the São Paulo State. In 1801 the colonel Fernão Dias promoted to the levei of a village the “Freguesia de Campo Alegre” (Resende Village) and the judge of the Court ofAppeals, Fragoso, arbitrarily drew up the boundries of Resende, incorporating in it the lands belonging to the Province of São Paulo. The boundaries of São Paulo suffered a reduction in area with these annexations, in the shape of tweezers, operated to the South (Paraty) and to the North extremities (Resende). Mainly during the period called “coffee civilization” the central lands (Areias, Barreiro and Bananal) were the purpose of new desmemberments. These attempts cooled off because of the impoverishment of region which became decadent with the ruin of the coffee plantations.
Do mouro cativo ao escravo negro: continuidade ou ruptura?
Authors: Ribeiro Silvia Lara
Published: June 2024

This paper traces the emergence of the black slave as an object of legislation in the Portuguese Ordenações. Contrary to the views of F. Tannenbaum, there is no continuity in the legislative tradition concerning slaves in Iberic Península. Portuguese legal provisions on captive Moors are placed next to those on ecclesiastcial matters; on the other hand, the provisions on black slaves appear in the context of commercial and criminal law. The bondage of Moors is related to the Reconquest and that of Africans to the colonization of the New World. The captivity of Moors is temporary for they may be redeemed against christians. Black slavery is permanent and the black slave is a peculiar merchandise which only acquires a personal status to the extern that it can comit crimes.
A impossível coerência um liberal do século XIX: João Francisco Lisboa
Authors: Janotti Maria de Lourdes Monaco
Published: June 2024

The historiography of the nineteenth century represents an important means for the understanding of liberal thoughts in Brazil. From the contradiction between ideas and the politics of the Empire, historical interpretations developed and these see the past as a battle between freedom and opression and this continues until the present. This policy was neither isolated nor preponderant. What we mean by an historiographic analisis, is the liberal thought of the author’s social group.
Ideologia liberal e construção do Estado do Brasil
Authors: Dias Maria Odila L. da Silva
Published: June 2024

This paper inquires into the limits of the actuation of the principies of North-American liberalism in the process of building up the Brazilian State during the last century. These principies are opposed to the pressures exercised by forces of the counter-revolutionary ideology, among them the “haitinism”, a term used to convey the increasing dread of a slave rebellion, as it occurred in Haiti. Emphasis is given to the ambiguous role played by the liberal reforms — provincial assemblies, justices of peace, juries — in Brazilian slavocrat society of those times.
CYP2C19
Genetic Testing for Oral P2Y12 Inhibitor Therapy: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
Authors: Pereira Naveen L. , Cresci Sharon , Angiolillo Dominick J. , Batchelor Wayne , Capers Quinn , Cavallari Larisa H. , Leifer Dana , Luzum Jasmine A. , Roden Dan M. , Stellos Konstantinos , Turrise Stephanie L. , Tuteja Sony ,   on behalf of the American Heart Association Professional/Public Education and Publications Committee of the Council on Genomic and Precision Medicine; Council on Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology; Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing; Council on Clinical Cardiology; Council on Peripheral Vascular Disease; and Stroke Council
Published: June 2024

There is significant variability in the efficacy and safety of oral P2Y12 inhibitors, which are used to prevent ischemic outcomes in common diseases such as coronary and peripheral arterial disease and stroke. Clopidogrel, a prodrug, is the most used oral P2Y12 inhibitor and is activated primarily after being metabolized by a highly polymorphic hepatic cytochrome CYP2C219 enzyme. Loss-of-function genetic variants in
CYP2C219
are common, can result in decreased active metabolite levels and increased on-treatment platelet aggregation, and are associated with increased ischemic events on clopidogrel therapy. Such patients can be identified by
CYP2C19
genetic testing and can be treated with alternative therapy. Conversely, universal use of potent oral P2Y12 inhibitors such as ticagrelor or prasugrel, which are not dependent on CYP2C19 for activation, has been recommended but can result in increased bleeding. Recent clinical trials and meta-analyses have demonstrated that a precision medicine approach in which loss-of-function carriers are prescribed ticagrelor or prasugrel and noncarriers are prescribed clopidogrel results in reducing ischemic events without increasing bleeding risk. The evidence to date supports
CYP2C19
genetic testing before oral P2Y12 inhibitors are prescribed in patients with acute coronary syndromes or percutaneous coronary intervention. Clinical implementation of such genetic testing will depend on among multiple factors: rapid availability of results or adoption of the concept of performing preemptive genetic testing, provision of easy-to-understand results with therapeutic recommendations, and seamless integration in the electronic health record.
Donation After Circulatory Death Heart Transplant: Current State and Future Directions
Authors: Kharawala Amrin , Nagraj Sanjana , Seo Jiyoung , Pargaonkar Sumant , Uehara Mayuko , Goldstein Daniel J. , Patel Snehal R. , Sims Daniel B. , Jorde Ulrich P.
Published: June 2024

Orthotopic heart transplant is the gold standard therapeutic intervention for patients with end-stage heart failure. Conventionally, heart transplant has relied on donation after brain death for organ recovery. Donation after circulatory death (DCD) is the donation of the heart after confirming that circulatory function has irreversibly ceased. DCD-orthotopic heart transplant differs from donation after brain death-orthotopic heart transplant in ways that carry implications for widespread adoption, including differences in organ recovery, storage and ethical considerations surrounding normothermic regional perfusion with DCD. Despite these differences, DCD has shown promising early outcomes, augmenting the donor pool and allowing more individuals to benefit from orthotopic heart transplant. This review aims to present the current state and future trajectory of DCD-heart transplant, examine key differences between DCD and donation after brain death, including clinical experiences and innovations in methodologies, and address the ongoing ethical challenges surrounding the new frontier in heart transplant with DCD donors.
Association Between Patient Sex and Familial Hypercholesterolemia and Long-Term Cardiovascular Risk Factor Management 5 Years After Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Krasieva Kristina , Gencer Baris , Locatelli Isabella , Carballo David , Muller Olivier , Fournier Stéphane , Matter Christian M. , Räber Lorenz , Rodondi Nicolas , Mach François , Nanchen David
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND:

Long-term control of cardiovascular risk factors after acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is the cornerstone for preventing recurrence. We investigated the extent of cardiovascular risk factor management in males and females with and without familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) 5 years after ACS.

METHODS:

We studied patients hospitalized for ACS between 2009 and 2017 in a Swiss multicenter prospective cohort study. FH was defined based on clinical criteria from the Dutch Lipid Clinic Network and Simon Broome definitions. Five years post-ACS, we assessed low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c) levels, lipid-lowering therapy (LLT), and other cardiovascular risk factors, comparing males to females with and without FH using generalized estimating equations.

RESULTS:

A total of 3139 patients were included; mean age was 61.4 years (SD, 12.1), 620 (19.8%) were female, and 747 (23.5%) had possible FH. Compared with males at 5-years post-ACS, females were more likely to not use statins (odds ratio, 1.61 [95% CI, 1.28–2.03]) and less likely to have combination LLT (odds ratio, 0.72 [95% CI, 0.55–0.93]), without difference between patients with FH and without FH. Females in both FH and non-FH groups less frequently reached LDL-c values ≤1.8 mmol/L (odds ratio, 0.78 [95% CI, 0.78–0.93]). Overall, patients with FH were more frequently on high-dose statins compared with patients without FH (51.0% versus 42.9%;
P
=0.001) and presented more frequently with a combination of 2 or more LLT compared with patients without FH (33.8% versus 17.7%;
P
<0.001), but less frequently reached LDL-c targets of ≤1.8 mmol/L (33.5% versus 44.3%;
P
<0.001) or ≤2.6 mmol/L (70.2% versus 78.1%;
P
=0.001).

CONCLUSIONS:

Five years after ACS, females had less intensive LLT and were less likely to reach target LDL-c levels than males, regardless of FH status. Males and females with FH had less optimal control of LDL-c despite more frequently taking high-dose statins or combination LLT compared with patients without FH. Long-term management of patients with ACS and FH, especially females, warrants optimization.
Orthoseira variabilis sp. nov., a new diatom from a snow patch in Potter Cove, King George Island, Antarctica
Authors: CEFARELLI ADRIÁN O. , GUERRERO JOSÉ M. , QUARTINO LILIANA , CAMPANA GABRIELA , VOUILLOUD AMELIA A.
Published: June 2024

A new species of diatom, Orthoseira variabilis sp. nov., is described here based on snow samples collected in Potter Cove area, King George Island/Isla 25 de Mayo, Antarctica. The new taxon was characterized by using light and electron microscopy. The proposed specific epithet “variabilis” refers to the high variability in several morphological features exhibited and so far not reported in other species of the genus, such as marginal spines present or absent, areola openings surrounded by small spinules or by a complete silica ring, caverns at the valve face/mantle junction shallow or sometimes inconspicuous, and internal slits between the carinoportulae variably developed. Contrary, all characters of the girdle elements such as arrangement of poroids, presence of fimbriae and ligula, and valvocopula internal thickening are constant. The morphology of O. variabilis is compared to similar species and brief comments on the ecology of this taxon and the associated diatom flora are also presented. This is the first Orthoseira species established from Antarctica and from a sympagic environment.
Taxonomical update of the genus Drypetes (Malpighiales: Putranjivaceae) in Cuba
Authors: LEYVA LUIS MANUEL , GARCÍA-BELTRÁN JOSÉ ANGEL
Published: June 2024

Drypetes is a pantropical genus of 220 species of dioecious trees and shrubs, where around 20 of them are found in the Americas, with a hotspot in the West Indies. In Cuba, the number of taxa and its identities have changed throughout the years and the infraspecific classification has never being taken into consideration. In this sense, the taxa delimitation and nomenclature of Drypetes in Cuba is reviewed. The infraspecific classification of D. alba is recognized, and a new status is presented: D. alba subsp. latifolia. The lectotypes for four names are designated: D. glauca, D. glomerata var. olivacea, D. mucronata and Schaefferia lateriflora. For all Cuban taxa, the diagnostic features and nomenclatural information are presented, as well as the updated geographical distribution. The presence of Drypetes glauca in Cuba is rejected. Thus, this genus in Cuba is represented with two species and one subspecies. Also, an identification key for the genus in the West Indies is given.
Advancements in Galianthe (Spermacoceae-Rubiaceae) knowledge: complete description of G. longifolia and new records for G. thalictroides in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
Authors: FLORENTÍN JAVIER E. , NUÑEZ-FLORENTIN MARIELA , SALAS ROBERTO M.
Published: June 2024

This study presents a complete and enriched morphological description of Galianthe longifolia, incorporating previously unreported data on the characteristics of its fruits, seeds, and pollen. These attributes are of crucial taxonomic importance. In turn, the range expansion of G. thalictroides in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, is documented. These new findings significantly improve our understanding of the taxonomy and preferred habitats of the species.
Three new species of the genus Picrostigeus Förster, 1869 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae, Orthocentrinae) from Iran
Authors: MOHAMMADI-KHORAMABADI ABBAS , TALEBI ALIASGHAR
Published: June 2024

In this paper, three new species of the genus Picrostigeus Förster, 1869 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae, Orthocentrinae) are described from central north of Iran, collected by Malaise traps during 2010 and 2011: Picrostigeus furcatus Mohammadi-Khoramabadi & Talebi, sp. nov., P. guilanensis Mohammadi-Khoramabadi & Talebi, sp. nov., and P. ventrodentatus Mohammadi-Khoramabadi & Talebi, sp. nov. Their diagnostic morphological characters are provided.
5. Sound Experience and Imagination at Early School Age
Authors: Zećo Mirsada , Videnović Marina , Silajdžić Lejla
Published: June 2024

This study describes a novel approach to facilitating children’s musical development, creativity, and imagination by introducing unconventional vibrational, percussive instruments (gongs, Himalayan singing bowls, and Koshi Chimes) in early music education. One of the advantages of these instruments is that children can very quickly become involved in music-making regardless of their previous knowledge and musical affinity. We traced children’s sound experiences during twelve workshops for 6–7-year-olds. Results showed that listening and improvisation with these instruments enhanced rich fantasy and careful listening. We argue for encouraging children to express their experiences, fostering their ability to focus attention and reflect on sound qualities. This research illustrates the strength of introducing listening and playing with simple but rich sounds in early music education.
Challenges in accessing digital resources among visually impaired (VI) students at the University of Nairobi Library
Authors: Cherotich Carolyne , Cheptoo Kirwa Priscah , Obare Rogers Matikho
Published: June 2024

This study aimed to establish the challenges that visually impaired (VI) students face when accessing digital resources at the University of Nairobi Library. A descriptive survey design was used with a sample of 20 VI students and 5 key informant librarians. Data was collected through questionnaires. The findings revealed that the major challenges faced by VI students in accessing digital resources included inadequate Braille materials and learning resources, difficulty grasping and typing information, lack of digital skills, negative attitudes from peers, high internet costs, and lack of adaptive technologies. To overcome these challenges, VI students relied heavily on sighted friends for assistance and sought encouragement from family and tutors. Recommendations include increasing Braille and adaptive technologies in the library, training librarians on assisting VI students, adding audio capabilities to resources, creating inclusive and adaptive spaces, and reducing internet costs. The study concludes that VI students face significant barriers in accessing digital resources equitably and need improved services and assistive technologies to enhance their academic achievement and independence. This study provides insight into the information needs of an underserved population and ways academic libraries can better support inclusion and accessibility.
Regional disparities and social-ecological constraints of soil antibiotic pollution in urban agglomerations of China
Authors: Zhao Fangkai , Yang Lei , Feng Qingyu , Ji Chenxu , Li Min , Fang Li , Yu Xinwei , Chen Liding
Published: June 2024

With intensive socio-economic growth, antibiotics have been heavily discharged into soils, posing a threat to ecosystems and human health. However, limited data are available in broad-scale urban agglomerations which limit the understanding of the driving mechanisms for antibiotic pollution and hinder action plans for pollution control. Here, we examined the underlying mechanisms driving antibiotic pollution and their regional disparities (Central Yunnan vs. Yangtze River Delta), and we predicted antibiotic concentrations in the soils of these two urban agglomerations using machine learning algorithms. Specifically, anthropogenic pressures such as population aggregation and livestock production accounted for the highest contribution to model accuracy in Central Yunnan, suggesting human interference mediated by geographical isolation likely plays a pivotal role in the clustering of antibiotic pollution in soils. However, soil and climate variables were the most important predictors in the more developed Yangtze River Delta, indicating that human-mediated soil carrying capacity was likely the main mechanism controlling antibiotic pollution in this region. Our results showed that machine learning models performed better (area under the receiver operating characteristics curve: 0.91–0.98) in predicting antibiotic hotspots than classic linear models. Our findings highlight the regional disparities in underlying mechanisms for antibiotic pollution in the soils of urban agglomerations, and demonstrate that machine learning algorithms based on spatially available predictors can be extended to other regions.
Clinical Guidelines for the Treatment of Depressive Disorders V. Combining Psychotherapy and Pharmacotherapy
Authors: Segal Zindel V , H Kennedy Sidney , Cohen Nicole L ,   The CANMAT Depression Work Group
Published: June 2024

Background: The Canadian Psychiatric Association and the Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments partnered to produce clinical guidelines for psychiatrists for the treatment of depressive disorders.

Methods: A standard guidelines development process was followed. Relevant literature was identified using a computerized Medline search supplemented by review of bibliographies. Operational criteria were used to rate the quality of scientific evidence, and the line of treatment recommendations included consensus clinical opinion. This section, "Combining Psychotherapy and Pharmacotherapy, ” was I of 7 articles drafted and reviewed by clinicians. Revised drafts underwent national and international expert peer review.

Results: Recommendations are given for the use of combined psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy for the treatment of depressive disorders. Three methods of combined treatment are identified: concurrent treatment (psychotherapy plus pharmacotherapy) for the acute-treatment phase, sequential treatment (adding the other treatment for nonresponders or partial responders to monotherapy in the acute-treatment phase), and crossover treatment (switching to psychotherapy for the maintenance-treatment phase after response to pharmacotherapy in the acute phase).

Conclusions: Combined treatment with psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy is widely used in clinical practice. The recommendations for use of combined treatment are, however, based on only a limited evidence base.
Wear properties of acrylic dental material 3D printed via digital light processing: Influence of process settings
Authors: Vaezipour Mousa , Shabgard Mohammad Reza , Kazemi Mahdi
Published: June 2024

The digital light processing (DLP) is one of the additive manufacturing methods, renowned for its precision and efficiency, with wide-ranging applications, notably in dentistry. Recent advancements in photocurable resins and DLP technologies have profoundly influenced dentistry. Despite their common clinical use, some resins lack comprehensive empirical studies on their mechanical and wear properties. In addition, analyzing the wear resistance of dental materials manufactured via additive manufacturing is imperative for ensuring their prolonged durability and dependability within authentic oral settings. Profound comprehension of the manner in which these materials withstand abrasive forces ensures their capability to withstand the mechanical strains imposed by chewing and brushing activities, thereby preserving their structural robustness and functional efficacy. The aims of this research are to investigate the effect of DLP process parameter setting, including: layer thickness, exposure time, and light intensity, on the wear resistance of acrylate dental materials. Using a pin-on-disc apparatus, wear tests were conducted. A steel pin, with a diameter of 5 mm, moved linearly over the specimen surface under the speed of 15 m/min and applying a force of 20 N. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to examine the worn surface and wear mechanisms. Additionally, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was utilized to assess parameter effects and correlations. The findings indicate that parameter configurations exert a considerable influence on wear resistance and represent a cost-effective avenue for enhancing the wear resistance of components produced through additive manufacturing. The results revealed a direct correlation between resin curing and wear resistance, with inadequate or excessive curing leading to increased wear rates. The samples with a layer thickness of 25 µm, exposure time of 7.2 s, and light intensity of 160 W/m2, exhibited the lowest wear rate (11 × 10−2 mm3/min). Conversely, samples with a layer thickness of 100 µm, exposure time of 2.8 s and light intensity of 160 W/m2, demonstrated the highest wear rate (55 × 10−2 mm3/min). Additionally, the analysis of variance confirmed correlations between parameters, noting a negative correlation between intensity and time parameters, and positive correlations among other inter-parameter correlations.
Sensitivity to the Instrumental Value of Choice Increases Across Development
Authors: Nussenbaum Kate , Katzman Perri L. , Lu Hanxiao , Zorowitz Samuel , Hartley Catherine A.
Published: June 2024

Across development, people tend to demonstrate a preference for contexts in which they have the opportunity to make choices. However, it is not clear how children, adolescents, and adults learn to calibrate this preference based on the costs and benefits of agentic choice. Here, in both a primary, in-person, reinforcement-learning experiment ( N = 92; age range = 10–25 years) and a preregistered online replication study ( N = 150; age range = 8–25 years), we found that participants overvalued agentic choice but also calibrated their agency decisions to the reward structure of the environment, increasingly selecting agentic choice when choice had greater instrumental value. Regression analyses and computational modeling of participant choices revealed that participants’ bias toward agentic choice—reflecting its intrinsic value—remained consistent across age, whereas sensitivity to the instrumental value of agentic choice increased from childhood to early adulthood.
Medical marijuana in the treatment of cancer-associated symptoms
Authors: Micha John P , Rettenmaier Mark A , Bohart Randy D , Goldstein Bram H
Published: June 2024

Objective

Previous cancer studies have indicated that medical marijuana addresses a significant unmet need, namely chronic pain treatment and conferring oncology supportive care. However, the clinical research evaluating medical marijuana is preliminary and requires further consideration.

Data Sources

We conducted a PubMed search primarily comprising retrospective and prospective studies, systematic reviews, and randomized clinical trials (RCTs) from approximately 2020–2023. The search included specific terms that incorporated medical marijuana, cancer treatment, cancer-related symptoms, pain management, and side effects.

Data Summary

A total of 40 studies were included in the review, many of which were either of acceptable or good quality. Select investigations indicated that medical marijuana was associated with decreased overall pain levels and improvements in nausea and vomiting. Alternatively, the results from RCTs have found that the benefits from a placebo were equivalent to medical marijuana in both the treatment of cancer-related pain and providing an opioid-sparing effect.

Conclusions

Despite the potential cancer-related benefits derived from medical marijuana, the study design and results for many of the investigations on which the evidence is based, were neither uniform nor conducted via RCTs; hence, the efficacy and appropriateness of medical marijuana in treating cancer-related conditions remain indeterminate.
Diverse news, diverse perceptions? Investigating the effects of actor and viewpoint diversity in news content on audience perceptions and opinions
Authors: Beckers Kathleen
Published: June 2024

This study examines journalism’s role in bridging divides by presenting diverse perspectives in societal debates. While prior research has emphasized the significance of diverse news content, this study investigates how audiences perceive and value such diversity and its impact on their attitudes. Through an online experiment in the Flemish (Belgian) context, it was found that actor diversity is more noticeable, yet increasing diversity in actors and viewpoints does not enhance a news item’s perceived credibility. Moreover, although people are influenced in the direction of the viewpoint provided in a one-sided article, it appears that when a diversity of viewpoints is presented, people tend to primarily consider those opinions that already align with their pre-existing viewpoints. By gaining a deeper understanding of how audiences receive news coverage, journalists can critically evaluate the voices they present and contribute to a more diverse public debate.
On the border between play and art: A collaborative self-study of 76 playful didactic designs in higher education
Authors: Boysen Mikkel Snorre Wilms , Lund Ole , Pugh Heidi S , Egelund Karen S , Andersen Kirsten B , Lagoni Martha , Zeuthen Frederik , Hansen Birte D , Skovbjerg Helle Marie
Published: June 2024

Educators who work with playful approaches in teaching often use methods inspired by art-based learning. The aim of the study was, therefore, to investigate how pedagogics of art-based learning can contribute to the pedagogics of playful learning in a way that neither compromises essential values of art, nor the values of play. The study included two steps. First, we analyzed 70 didactic designs developed and tested in 2021 and 2022 in the in the Danish Playful Learning Project (PL). Second, we conducted a collaborative in-depth analysis of 6 additional playful learning designs, also developed and tested in the PL project. The study indicates that art-based skills are an important prerequisite in order to realize the potential of art-based learning as well as playful learning. However, a focus on art-based skills can lead to a more entrenched perspective that interferes with the focus on open-ended processes and experimentation that are found within playful learning.
Canadian French Translation and Validation of the Neck Dissection Impairment Index: A Quality of Life Measure for the Surgical Oncology Population
Authors: Khoury Michel , Guertin William , Hao Cameo , Saltychev Mikhail , Ayad Tareck , Bissada Eric , Christopoulos Apostolos , Moubayed Sami , Olivier Marie-Jo , Chepeha Douglas , Lai Stephen Y. , Maniakas Anastasios
Published: June 2024

Background

Neck dissections (ND) are a routine procedure in head and neck oncology. Given the postoperative functional impact that some patients experience, it is imperative to identify and track quality of life (QoL) symptomatology to tailor each patient’s therapeutic needs. To date, there is no validated French-Canadian questionnaire for this patient-population. We therefore sought to translate and validate the Neck Dissection Impairment Index (NDII) in Canadian French.

Methods

A 3-phased approach was used. Phase 1: The NDII was translated from English to Canadian French using a “forward and backward” translational technique following international guidelines. Phase 2: A cognitive debriefing session was held with 10 Canadian French-speaking otolaryngology patients to evaluate understandability and acceptability. Phase 3: The final version was administered prospectively to 30 patients with prior history of ND and 30 control patients. These patients were asked to complete the questionnaire 2 weeks after their first response. Test-retest reliability was calculated with Spearman’s correlation. Internal consistency was elicited using Cronbach’s alpha.

Results

NDII was successfully translated and validated to Canadian French. Cronbach’s alpha revealed high internal consistency (0.92, lower 95% confidence limit 0.89). The correlation for test-retest validity were strong or very strong (0.61-0.91).

Conclusion

NDII is an internationally recognized QoL tool for the identification of ND-related impairments. This validated Canadian French version will allow clinicians to adequately assess the surgery-related QoL effect of neck surgery in the French-speaking population, while allowing French institutions to conduct and/or participate in multisite clinical trials requiring the NDII as an outcome measure.