bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The lures of neo‐Victorianism presentism (with a feminist case study ofPenny Dreadful)
Authors: Kohlke Marie‐Luise
Published: May 2018

Commonly credited with a distinctly presentist agenda, neo‐Victorian works invite readers/viewers to infer seeming parallels and continuities between the 19th century and postmodernity. The discernment of presentism's exact operations, however, presupposes an informed audience with a comparatively high level of historical knowledge and sophistication, which cannot be assumed by works targeting a diverse mass market, as in the case of televisual productions. This often results in mixed messages that undermine neo‐Victorianism's ethical agenda and endorsement of liberal politics, pitting critical self‐conscious engagement with the past against its naïve and unreflective consumption. This essay considers presentism's complex ramifications via an overview of the presentist debate and its application to neo‐Victorian studies, followed by a case study of Season Three of Showtime/Sky's popularPenny Dreadful(2014–2016) series, created by John Logan, specifically the plotline centred on the characters Brona Croft/Lily, Dr Victor Frankenstein, and Dorian Gray. Their triangulated narrative, I argue, reveals a disturbing tension between the series' apparent avowal of feminist ideals and activism, on the one hand, and a parodic skewing of both, on the other, raising issues of potential viewer manipulation and insidious historical distortion.
Kinetic estimated glomerular filtration rate as a predictor of successful continuous renal replacement therapy discontinuation
Authors: Yoshida Teruhiko , Matsuura Ryo , Komaru Yohei , Miyamoto Yoshihisa , Yoshimoto Kohei , Hamasaki Yoshifumi , Noiri Eisei , Morimura Naoto , Nangaku Masaomi , Doi Kent
Published: May 2018

Aim

No standardized criteria for continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) discontinuation have been established. Kinetic estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is a newly developed estimation method based on dynamic changes of serum creatinine expected to reflect the true GFR. This study aimed to evaluate the predictive role of kinetic eGFR for CRRT discontinuation.

Methods

A retrospective single‐centre cohort study was conducted. Acute kidney injury (AKI) patients who received CRRT between May 2015 and April 2016 were enrolled. Successful CRRT discontinuation was defined as neither resuming CRRT for the next 48 h nor receiving intermittent haemodialysis 7 days from the CRRT discontinuation. Clinical factors associated with CRRT discontinuation were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.

Results

Of 52 AKI patients treated with CRRT, 38 could discontinue CRRT while 14 could not. Urine volume, regular and kinetic eGFR of days 0 (day of CRRT discontinuation) and 1 were all good predictive parameters (area under the ROC curve (AUC) > 0.7). Kinetic eGFR of day 1 showed the AUC of 0.87 [95% confidence interval 0.73–0.94]). Combining kinetic eGFR of day 1 and urine volume of day 0 gave a high AUC of 0.93 [95% confidence interval 0.82–0.97]. The combination was significantly greater than urine volume of day 0 (P = 0.008).

Conclusion

Kinetic eGFR combined with urine volume was a better predictor for CRRT discontinuation. Evaluation of kinetic eGFR utility in other clinical settings will be necessary.
A single‐center audit of the indications and clinical impact of prolonged ambulatory small intestinal manometry
Authors: Ang D. , Pannemans J. , Vanuytsel T. , Tack J.
Published: May 2018

Background

Small bowel manometry is a diagnostic test available only in a few specialized referral centers. Its exact place in the management of refractory symptoms is controversial.

Methods

The records of all patients who underwent 24‐hour ambulatory duodenojejunal manometry over a 6‐year period were retrospectively reviewed. We studied the clinical indications for small bowel manometry, and reviewed the impact of manometric findings on the clinical outcome. One hundred and forty‐six studies were performed in 137 patients (46M, 91F) with a mean age of 44.9 ± 15.7 years. Mean follow‐up duration was 15.1 ± 22.6 months. Appropriate endoscopic, radiological and gastric scintigraphy studies were performed in all patients prior to small bowel manometry. Criteria for abnormal motor activity were based on Bharucha's classification.

Key Results

The indications for small bowel manometry were chronic abdominal pain (n = 43), slow‐transit constipation (n = 17), refractory gastroparesis (n = 16), chronic diarrhea (n = 7), recurrent episodes of subocclusion (n = 16), postsurgical evaluation (n = 36), suspicion of gut involvement in systemic disease (n = 9), and unexplained nausea (n = 2). The most common finding was a normal 24‐hour ambulatory small bowel manometry (n = 113). Thirty‐three studies yielded abnormal findings which included extrinsic neuropathy (n = 6), intrinsic neuropathy (n = 18), intestinal myopathy (n = 2), and subocclusion (n = 7). Ambulatory small bowel manometry excluded a generalized motility disorder in 77% and had a significant impact on the subsequent clinical course in 23%.

Conclusions & Inferences

Ambulatory small bowel manometry is a useful and safe diagnostic tool to complement traditional investigative modalities in patients with severe unexplained abdominal symptoms.
Targeting an epicardial‐endocardial breakthrough in a case with an intractable common atrial flutter using ultra–high‐resolution three‐dimensional mapping
Authors: Higuchi Satoshi , Shoda Morio , Iwanami Yuji , Yagishita Daigo , Ejima Koichiro , Hagiwara Nobuhisa
Published: May 2018

The recent development of high‐density high‐spatial resolution three‐dimensional mapping has provided detailed information for understanding complicated atrial activation patterns at a level not previously possible. Using this technology, we report a case with recurrent common atrial flutter, demonstrating the presence of a bridging epicardial fiber that traveled across the previous cavotricuspid isthmus ablation lesion with apparent epicardial‐endocardial breakthrough (EEB) sites located on both sides of the ablation line. The entrainment study indicated that the EEB site, located adjacent to the coronary sinus ostium, was part of the recurrent circuit and a focal ablation targeting that site terminated the tachycardia.
Brain morphologic changes in early stages of psychosis: Implications for clinical application and early intervention
Authors: Takahashi Tsutomu , Suzuki Michio
Published: May 2018

To date, a large number of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have been conducted in schizophrenia, which generally demonstrate gray matter reduction, predominantly in the frontal and temporo‐limbic regions, as well as gross brain abnormalities (e.g., a deviated sulcogyral pattern). Although the causes as well as timing and course of these findings remain elusive, these morphologic changes (especially gross brain abnormalities and medial temporal lobe atrophy) are likely present at illness onset, possibly reflecting early neurodevelopmental abnormalities. In addition, longitudinal MRI studies suggest that patients with schizophrenia and related psychoses also have progressive gray matter reduction during the transition period from prodrome to overt psychosis, as well as initial periods after psychosis onset, while such changes may become almost stable in the chronic stage. These active brain changes during the early phases seem to be relevant to the development of clinical symptoms in a region‐specific manner (e.g., superior temporal gyrus atrophy and positive psychotic symptoms), but may be at least partly ameliorated by antipsychotic medication. Recently, increasing evidence from MRI findings in individuals at risk for developing psychosis has suggested that those who subsequently develop psychosis have baseline brain changes, which could be at least partly predictive of later transition into psychosis. In this article, we selectively review previous MRI findings during the course of psychosis and also refer to the possible clinical applicability of these neuroimaging research findings, especially in the diagnosis of schizophrenia and early intervention for psychosis.
Ownership, Use, and Exclusivity: The Kantian Approach
Authors: Weinrib Ernest J.
Published: May 2018

Ownership combines the owner's right to exclude others from the owned object and the owner's liberty to use that object. This article addresses the relationship between using and excluding, by presenting Grotius's and Kant's classic accounts of ownership. Grotius's approach treats use and exclusivity as separate notions, with the latter evolving out of the former. For Kant, in contrast, use and exclusivity are integrated aspects of ownership as a right within a regime of equal reciprocal freedom. This article offers a Kantian critique of Grotius's account of the original right to use, and then presents Kant's notion of usability as the basis for his integration of use and exclusivity.
Time in Law's Domain
Authors: Postema Gerald J.
Published: May 2018

Law bends the past of a community's common life towards its future.Precedent is one of law's favored tools for doing the bending, and legal systems that assign precedent a starring role seem especially mindful of time. Yet, mindfulness of time goes far deeper into law's DNA. It is not limited to the doctrine of precedent or unique to common‐law jurisdictions. Recognizing that time is an elemental dimension of human experience and basic ordering principle of practical agency, law utilizes and orders time. Temporality is essential to law's distinctive mode of governance and guidance.
Overcoming Doctrinal School Thought: A Unifying Approach to Human Dignity
Authors: Gisbertz Philipp
Published: May 2018

The concept of human dignity is criticized due to its vagueness, but by discussing the most important schools of thought, we can identify a core meaning that is common to most understandings of human dignity: Whether we conceptualize human dignity in terms of autonomy, self‐respect, social acts, or equal status, we always refer to some kind of personal identity. This personal identity consists in those aspects that we consider to be constitutive of our individual personality. Instead of remaining within doctrinal school thought, this core meaning can be taken as a common denominator for human dignity discourse.
Asymmetric Effect of Monetary Policy in Emerging Countries: The Case of Egypt
Authors: Abdelsalam Mamdouh Abdelmoula M.
Published: May 2018

The aim of this study is to explore the asymmetric effect of the unanticipated monetary policy shocks on inflation and real production. This is done by utilizing the non-linear autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model.  Nonlinear ARDL allows us to check for the asymmetric effect of the policy in terms of the size of the shocks: large or small, and the stance of the shocks: loose or tight. Additionally, Wald test is employed to confirm the underlying relationship. The results provided a sufficient evidence for the idea of the asymmetric effect of monetary policy in Egypt. Firstly, regarding the size of the policy, only small shocks have a considerable effect on both inflation and real production. Secondly, regarding the direction of the policy, only positive shocks have a considerable influence on both variables. Wald test confirmed the abovementioned results. Therefore, based on these results, the monetary policy in Egypt is only effective under some circumstances and thus other economic policies such as fiscal policy might be more effective in these cases.
Finite element simulation of broadband biosonar signal propagation in the near- and far-field of an echolocating Atlantic bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus)
Authors: Wei Chong , Au Whitlow W. L. , Ketten Darlene R. , Zhang Yu
Published: May 2018

Bottlenose dolphins project broadband echolocation signals for detecting and locating prey and predators, and for spatial orientation. There are many unknowns concerning the specifics of biosonar signal production and propagation in the head of dolphins and this manuscript represents an effort to address this topic. A two-dimensional finite element model was constructed using high resolution CT scan data. The model simulated the acoustic processes in the vertical plane of the biosonar signal emitted from the phonic lips and propagated into the water through the animal's head. The acoustic field on the animal's forehead and the farfield transmission beam pattern of the echolocating dolphin were determined. The simulation results and prior acoustic measurements were qualitatively extremely consistent. The role of the main structures on the sound propagation pathway such as the air sacs, melon, and connective tissue was investigated. Furthermore, an investigation of the driving force at the phonic lips for dolphins that emit broadband echolocation signals and porpoises that emit narrowband echolocation signals suggested that the driving force is different for the two types of biosonar. Finally, the results provide a visual understanding of the sound transmission in dolphin's biosonar.
Development of a stress response therapy targeting aggressive prostate cancer
Authors: Nguyen Hao G. , Conn Crystal S. , Kye Yae , Xue Lingru , Forester Craig M. , Cowan Janet E. , Hsieh Andrew C. , Cunningham John T. , Truillet Charles , Tameire Feven , Evans Michael J. , Evans Christopher P. , Yang Joy C. , Hann Byron , Koumenis Constantinos , Walter Peter , Carroll Peter R. , Ruggero Davide
Published: May 2018

The PERK-eIF2α pathway is activated in aggressive prostate cancer and associated with patient outcome, providing a therapeutic target for the disease.
ER stress in prostate cancer: A therapeutically exploitable vulnerability?
Authors: Logothetis Christopher , Aparicio Ana , Thompson Timothy C.
Published: May 2018

Cooperative oncogenic effects resulting from the loss of PTEN and overexpression of MYC overcome the deleterious effects of endoplasmic reticulum stress not only to promote the growth of aggressive prostate cancer but also to expose a new therapy target for this disease (Nguyen
et al
., this issue).
Complete Genome Sequence of Acinetobacter indicus Type Strain SGAir0564 Isolated from Tropical Air Collected in Singapore
Authors: Vettath Vineeth Kodengil , Junqueira Ana Carolina M. , Uchida Akira , Purbojati Rikky W. , Houghton James N. I. , Chénard Caroline , Drautz-Moses Daniela I. , Wong Anthony , Kolundžija Sandra , Clare Megan E. , Kushwaha Kavita K. , Panicker Deepa , Putra Alexander , Gaultier Nicolas E. , Heinle Cassie E. , Premkrishnan Balakrishnan N. V. , Schuster Stephan C.
Published: May 2018

Acinetobacter indicus
(
Gammaproteobacteria
) is a strict aerobic nonmotile bacterium. The strain SGAir0564 was isolated from air samples collected in Singapore. The complete genome is 3.1 Mb and was assembled using a combination of short and long reads. The genome contains 2,808 protein-coding genes, 80 tRNAs, and 21 rRNA subunits.
Complete Genome Sequencing of a Classical Swine Fever Virus Strain Endemic in Vietnam
Authors: Tran Ha Thanh , Dang Hoang Vu , Nguyen Dung Tien , Miyazawa Kohtaro , Kokuho Takehiro
Published: May 2018

A Vietnamese strain of classical swine fever virus, VN91, was isolated in Hung Yen in 1991. While VN91 has been used as a challenge strain in efficacy tests of vaccines, its genetic background has never been described. Here, we report the genome sequence of the strain circulating in Vietnam.
Metagenome Sequences of Sediment from a Recovering Industrialized Appalachian River in West Virginia
Authors: Huber David H. , Ugwuanyi Ifeoma R. , Malkaram Sridhar A. , Montenegro-Garcia Natalia A. , Lhilhi Noundou Vadesse , Chavarria-Palma Jesus E.
Published: May 2018

We sequenced two metagenomes from upper sediment layers (0 to 5 and 6 to 10 cm) from the Kanawha River, West Virginia. The watershed includes inputs from the forested Appalachian Mountains, surface coal mining, municipal residues, and extensive chemical manufacturing. The dominant bacterial phyla were
Proteobacteria
,
Bacteriodetes
,
Firmicutes
,
Actinobacteria
, and
Chloroflexi
. Xenobiotic degradation pathways were present.
Genome Sequence of Lysinibacillus sphaericus, a Lignin-Degrading Bacterium Isolated from Municipal Solid Waste Soil
Authors: Persinoti Gabriela F. , Paixão Douglas A. A. , Bugg Timothy D. H. , Squina Fabio M.
Published: May 2018

We report here the draft genome sequence of
Lysinibacillus sphaericus
strain A1, a potential lignin-degrading bacterium isolated from municipal solid waste (MSW) soil and capable of enhancing gas release from lignocellulose-containing soil.
Characterization of an Avian Influenza Virus H9N2 Strain Isolated from Dove in Southern China
Authors: Li Dan , Li ZhengTing , Xie Zhixun , Li Meng , Xie Zhiqin , Liu Jiabo , Xie Liji , Deng Xianwen , Luo Sisi
Published: May 2018

We report here the complete genome sequence of strain H9N2, an avian influenza virus (AIV) isolated from dove in Guangxi, China. Phylogenetic analysis showed that it was a novel reassortant AIV derived from chicken, duck, and wild bird. This finding provides useful information for understanding the H9N2 subtype of AIV circulating in southern China.
First Insight into the Genome Sequence of Clostridium liquoris DSM 100320, a Butyrate- and Ethanol-Producing Bacterium
Authors: Poehlein Anja , Neubauer Hannes , Niemeyer Philipp , Daniel Rolf
Published: May 2018

Clostridium liquoris
is a strictly anaerobic, Gram-positive, nonmotile, spore-forming, rod-shaped bacterium. The major fermentation products from glucose are ethanol and butyrate.
C. liquoris
was isolated from a 20-year-old liquor fermentation pit. The draft genome sequence consists of a chromosome (2.892 Mb) harboring 2,788 predicted protein-encoding genes.
Draft Genome Sequence of the Butanoic Acid-Producing Bacterium Clostridium luticellarii DSM 29923, Used for Strong Aromatic Chinese Liquor Production
Authors: Poehlein Anja , Bremekamp Rica , Lutz Veronika Theresa , Schulz Lisa Maria , Daniel Rolf
Published: May 2018

The strictly anaerobic, Gram-positive bacterium
Clostridium luticellarii
, which has straight or slightly curved rod-shaped cells, polar endospores, and peritrichous flagella, is used for the production of strong aromatic Chinese liquors.
C. luticellarii
is able to produce butanoic acid. The draft genome sequence consists of 3.757 Mbp, including 3,632 predicted protein-encoding genes.
Complete Genome Sequence of Sinorhizobium meliloti Bacteriophage HMSP1-Susan
Authors: Fleagle Brennon , Imamovic Aldina , Toledo Silvia , Couves Madison , Jensen Autumn , Vang Mandy , Steevens Ashley , Young Nevin D. , Sadowsky Michael J. , Martinez-Vaz Betsy M.
Published: May 2018

Sinorhiozbium
bacteriophage HMSP1-Susan has a genome of 51,963 bp in size, with a GC content of 52.5%. It contains 97 putative coding sequences; 83% of these coding sequences (CDS) encode proteins classified as hypothetical or having unknown functions. HMSP1 has limited homology to previously reported viruses and likely represents a new phage that infects this nitrogen-fixing bacterium.
Contemporary prostate biopsy reporting: insights from a survey of clinicians’ use of pathology data
Authors: Varma Murali , Narahari Krishna , Mason Malcolm , Oxley Jon D , Berney Daniel M
Published: May 2018

Aim

To determine how clinicians use data in contemporary prostate biopsy reports.

Methods

A survey was circulated to members of the British Association of Urological Surgeons and the British Uro-oncology Group.

Results

Responses were received from 114 respondents (88 urologists, 26 oncologists). Ninety-seven (94%) use the number of positive cores from each side and 43 (42%) use the % number of positive cores. When determining the number and percentage of positive cores, 72 (71%) would not differentiate between targeted and non-targeted samples. If multiple Gleason Scores (GS) were included in a report, 77 (78%) would use the worst GS even if present in a core with very little tumour, 12% would use the global GS and 10% the GS in the core most involved by tumour. Fifty-five (55%) either never or rarely used perineural invasion for patient management.

Conclusions

The number of positive cores is an important parameter for patient management but may be difficult to determine in the laboratory due to core fragmentation so the biopsy taker must indicate the number of biopsies obtained. Multiple biopsies taken from a single site are often interpreted by clinicians as separate cores when determining the number of positive cores so pathologists should also report the number ofsitespositive. Clinicians have a non-uniform approach to the interpretation of multiple GS in prostate biopsy reports so we recommend that pathologists also include a single ‘bottom-line’ GS for each case to direct the clinician’s treatment decision.
Emergence of free will and consciousness in humans: implications for doctor-patient interactions
Authors: Welsby Philip D
Published: May 2018

Human brains have about 100 billion neurons each with about 1000 dendritic connections with other neurons giving a total of 100 000 billion deterministic dendritic switches. Various voting systems that the brain may use can produce conflicting results from identical inputs without any indication as to which one or ones would be correct. Voting systems cannot deliver unequivocal results in any other than the simplest situations. It is hypothesised that these conflicting results provide an indeterminacy that underlies free will, self-awareness, awareness of others, consciousness and personal responsibility, all of which can influence doctor-patient interactions.
The evolution of embryonic creek systems in a recently inundated large open coast managed realignment site
Authors: Dale Jonathan , Burgess Heidi M. , Burnside Niall G. , Kilkie Paul , Nash David J. , Cundy Andrew B.
Published: May 2018

Managed realignment (MR) schemes are being implemented to compensate for the degradation of coastal habitats. However, evidence suggests that MR sites have lower biodiversity than anticipated, which has been linked to poor drainage. Despite creek networks playing an important role in enhancing site drainage in natural intertidal environments, there remains a shortage of data on the formation and evolution of creeks within MR sites. This study evaluates creek development at the Medmerry Managed Realignment Site, UK. Creek development is investigated using differential global positioning system (dGPS) data, supported by sedimentological analyses and a high-resolution digital surface model (DSM) derived from images taken using a small unmanned aerial vehicle. Measurements indicated that creeks will develop relatively quickly, but are influenced by differences in the sub-surface sedimentological conditions. A suitable level of agreement was found between the DSM and dGPS measurements, demonstrating the appropriateness of this method to study creek development within intertidal environments at a higher resolution than traditional surveying techniques. These results are used to propose the collapse of sub-surface piping as the primary creek formation mechanism. Findings are discussed in terms of increasing the success of MR schemes and enhancing site design to maximise the ecosystem services provided.
The effect of brief intermittent stair climbing on glycemic control in people with type 2 diabetes: a pilot study
Authors: Godkin F. Elizabeth , Jenkins Elizabeth M. , Little Jonathan P. , Nazarali Zafreen , Percival Michael E. , Gibala Martin J.
Published: May 2018

We examined the effect of brief intermittent stair climbing exercise on glycemic control using continuous glucose monitoring in people with type 2 diabetes (n = 7, 5 men; 2 women; age, 21–70 years). The protocol involved three 60-s bouts of vigorously ascending and slowly descending a flight of stairs. Mean 24-h blood glucose was unchanged after an acute session (p = 0.43) and following 18 sessions over 6 weeks (p = 0.13). The protocol was well tolerated by participants but seemingly insufficient to alter glycemic control.
Effects of corn replacement by sorghum in diets on performance, nutrient utilization, blood parameters, antioxidant status, and meat colour stability in lambs
Authors: Sun H.X. , Gao T.S. , Zhong R.Z. , Fang Y. , Di G.L. , Zhou D.W.
Published: May 2018

The aim of this research was to compare growth performance, nutrient utilization, rumen fermentation, blood parameters, antioxidant status, and meat colour stability of lambs fed diets that partially or completely substituted corn with sorghum. Twenty-four male German merino weaned lambs (16.19 ± 2.05 kg body weight) were divided into four treatments in a completely randomized design. The diets for four treatments contained 450 g kg−1 of ground corn (C), 300 + 150 g kg−1 of ground corn and sorghum (CSM1), 150 + 300 g kg−1 of ground corn and sorghum (CSM2) and 450 g kg−1 ground sorghum (S); all diets consisted of 70% concentrated feed and 30% Leymus chinensis hay. The lambs were fed the experimental diets for 56 d. Inclusion of sorghum tended to increase average daily weight gain and total gain (P = 0.06), and lower feed conversion ratio (P = 0.10). Significant increase in nitrogen (N) intake and fecal N excretion was observed after substitution of corn with sorghum, and the apparent digestibility of crude protein was significantly reduced. Concentrations of ammonia N in rumen fluid were affected by treatment (P = 0.01) and an interaction (P < 0.01) between treatment and sampling time. No significant effects were found on blood parameters among treatments. Replacement of corn with sorghum significantly decreased b* (yellowness) values of meat during storage. Sorghum instead of corn is feasible in lamb diets, and it has positive effects on the lamb growth and meat quality.
Involvement of type-f thioredoxins during germination and early seedling development and in response to oxidative stress in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Djoumad Abdelmadjid , Villette Solange , Isayenka Iauhenia , Beaudoin Nathalie
Published: May 2018

Thioredoxins (TRXs) are important components of redox-regulated systems involved in maintaining and regulating the cellular redox environment during growth and development and in response to abiotic and biotic stresses. Plants possess several types of TRX localized in various compartments, including five different types of chloroplastic TRXs. Arabidopsis thaliana contains two chloroplastic type-f TRXs, TRX f1 and TRX f2, involved in the regulation of light-dependent activation of photosynthesis and carbon metabolism. However, little is known about their role during development and in response to stress. We used single and double mutants of TRX f1 and TRX f2 to assess their roles during seed germination and seedling development. Loss of both TRX f1 and TRX f2 induced faster germination and seedling development associated with reduced sensitivity to abscisic acid. This suggests that type-f TRXs negatively regulate seed germination and seedling development. Moreover, double-mutant seedlings were more sensitive to methyl viologen and UV-C irradiation than the wild-type seedlings, indicating that loss of type-f TRXs increases sensitivity to oxidative stress. Overall, these results indicate that type-f TRXs contribute to maintaining an adequate cellular environment required for a tight regulation of germination and a better tolerance to oxidative stress.
A spatial kernel density method to estimate the diet composition of fish
Authors: Binion-Rock Samantha M. , Reich Brian J. , Buckel Jeffrey A.
Published: May 2018

We present a novel spatially explicit kernel density approach to estimate the proportional contribution of a prey to a predator’s diet by mass. First, we compared the spatial estimator to a traditional cluster-based approach using a Monte Carlo simulation study. Next, we compared the diet composition of three predators from Pamlico Sound, North Carolina, to evaluate how ignoring spatial correlation affects diet estimates. The spatial estimator had lower mean squared error values compared with the traditional cluster-based estimator for all Monte Carlo simulations. Incorporating spatial correlation when estimating the predator’s diet resulted in a consistent increase in precision across multiple levels of spatial correlation. Bias was often similar between the two estimators; however, when it differed it mostly favored the spatial estimator. The two estimators produced different estimates of proportional contribution of prey to the diets of the three field-collected predator species, especially when spatial correlation was strong and prey were consumed in patchy areas. Our simulation and empirical data provide strong evidence that data on food habits should be modeled using spatial approaches and not treated as spatially independent.
Vector competence of certainCulexandAedesmosquitoes for the Chittoor virus, the Indian variant of the Batai virus
Authors: Sudeep A.B. , Shaikh Neda , Ghodke Y.S. , Ingale V.S. , Gokhale M.D.
Published: May 2018

Chittoor virus (CHITV), a mosquito-borne bunyavirus (Orthobunyavirus: Bunyaviridae) isolated in India, has been found to be antigenically close to the Batai virus (BATV), which has a wide distribution across Asia, Europe, and Africa. The latter virus causes influenza-like illness in humans and mild illness in sheep and goats. BATV has been involved in genetic reassortment with other bunyaviruses, generating novel genome combinations and causing severe clinical manifestations including hemorrhagic fever. Conversely, CHITV has never been associated with any major outbreaks in India, although neutralizing antibodies have been detected in humans and domestic animals. Repeated isolations and seroprevalence have prompted us to determine the vector competence of three important mosquito species, viz., Culex quinquefasciatus, Culex tritaeniorhynchus, and Aedes aegypti, for CHITV. The three mosquito species replicated CHITV to titers of 6.3, 5.0, and 5.2 log10TCID50/mL, respectively, and maintained the virus for substantial periods. Both of the Culex species demonstrated vector competence, while A. aegypti did not. Horizontal transmission to infant mice was also demonstrated by both Culex species. Active circulation of the virus and the availability of both susceptible hosts and competent vector mosquitoes pose a serious threat to public health should there be a reassortment.
Comparing exact energy solutions of quartic eigenvalue polynomials in commutative, non-commutative and non-commutative phase frameworks for boson π−
Authors: Derakhshani Z. , Ghominejad M.
Published: May 2018

In this paper, the behavior of a Duffin–Kemmer–Petiau (DKP) boson particle in the presence of a harmonic energy-dependent interaction, under the influence of an external magnetic field is precisely studied. In order to exactly solve all equations in commutative (C), non-commutative (NC) and non-commutative phase (NCP) frameworks, the Nikiforov–Uvarov (NU) powerful exact approach is employed. All these attempts end up with solving their quartic equations, trying to find and discuss on their discriminant function [Formula: see text], in a unique way which has never been discussed for any boson in any other research, especially for the boson [Formula: see text] on which, we have been exclusively concerned. We finally succeeded to obtain the exact energy spectrums and wave functions under the effects of NC and NCP parameters and energy-dependent interaction on energy eigenvalues. In this step, we analyze the behaviors of their quartic energy eigenvalue polynomials in three sections and accurately compare all achieved physical-admissible roots one by one. This comparison surprisingly shows that the NC and NCP effects on the other hand, and the assumed harmonic energy-dependent interaction on the other hand, have almost the same order of perturbation effects for limited amounts of the magnetic field in a system of DKP bosons. Furthermore, through some calculations within this paper, we came up with a very crucial point about the NU method which was mistakenly being used in many papers by several researchers and improved it to be used safely.
Variations in the expansion and shear scalars for dissipative fluids
Authors: Akram A. , Ahmad S. , Jami A. Rehman , Sufyan M. , Zahid U.
Published: May 2018

This work is devoted to the study of some dynamical features of spherical relativistic locally anisotropic stellar geometry in f(R) gravity. In this paper, a specific configuration of tanh f(R) cosmic model has been taken into account. The mass function through technique introduced by Misner–Sharp has been formulated and with the help of it, various fruitful relations are derived. After orthogonal decomposition of the Riemann tensor, the tanh modified structure scalars are calculated. The role of these tanh modified structure scalars (MSS) has been discussed through shear, expansion as well as Weyl scalar differential equations. The inhomogeneity factor has also been explored for the case of radiating viscous locally anisotropic spherical system and spherical dust cloud with and without constant Ricci scalar corrections.
Convergence issues in domain decomposition parallel computation of hovering rotor
Authors: Xiao Zhongyun , Liu Gang , Mou Bin , Jiang Xiong
Published: May 2018

Implicit LU-SGS time integration algorithm has been widely used in parallel computation in spite of its lack of information from adjacent domains. When applied to parallel computation of hovering rotor flows in a rotating frame, it brings about convergence issues. To remedy the problem, three LU factorization-based implicit schemes (consisting of LU-SGS, DP-LUR and HLU-SGS) are investigated comparatively. A test case of pure grid rotation is designed to verify these algorithms, which show that LU-SGS algorithm introduces errors on boundary cells. When partition boundaries are circumferential, errors arise in proportion to grid speed, accumulating along with the rotation, and leading to computational failure in the end. Meanwhile, DP-LUR and HLU-SGS methods show good convergence owing to boundary treatment which are desirable in domain decomposition parallel computations.
ρ-VOF: An interface sharpening method for gas–liquid flow simulation
Authors: Wang Jiantao , Liu Gang , Jiang Xiong , Mou Bin
Published: May 2018

The study on simulation of compressible gas–liquid flow remains open. Popular methods are either confined to incompressible flow regime, or inevitably induce smear of the free interface. A new finite volume method for compressible two-phase flow simulation is contributed for this subject. First, the “heterogeneous equilibrium” assumption is introduced to the control volume, by hiring free interface reconstruction technology, the distribution of each component in the control volume is achieved. Next, AUSM[Formula: see text]-up (advection upstream splitting method) scheme is employed to calculate the convective fluxes and pressure fluxes, with the contact discontinuity characteristic considered, followed by the update of the whole flow field. The new method features on density-based pattern and interface reconstruction technology from VOF (volume of fluid), thus we name it “[Formula: see text]-VOF method”. Inherited from AUSM families and VOF, [Formula: see text]-VOF behaves as an all-speed method, capable of simulating shock in gas–liquid flow, and preserving the sharpness of the free interface. Gas–liquid shock tube is simulated to evaluate the method, from which good agreement is obtained between the predicted results and those of the cited literature, meanwhile, sharper free interface is identified. Finally, the capability and validity of [Formula: see text]-VOF method can be concluded in compressible gas–liquid flow simulation.
Performance simulation of a plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generator
Authors: Huang Hulin , Li Linyong , Zhu Guiping
Published: May 2018

The performance of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) power generator is affected by many issues, among which the load coefficient k is of great importance. This paper reveals the relationship between the k and the performance of MHD generator by numerical simulation on Faraday-type MHD power generator using He/Xe as working plasma. The results demonstrate that the power generation efficiency increases with an increment of the load factor. However, the enthalpy extraction firstly increases then decreases with the load factor increasing. The enthalpy extraction rate reaches the maximum when the load coefficient k equals to 0.625, which infers the best performance of the power generator channel with the maximum electricity production.
Development of Detectors for Physics at the Terascale
Authors: Andreazza Attilio
Published: May 2018

The detector systems for particle physics experiment at the future high-energy and high-luminosity colliders will need to improve resolution, radiation hardness, and rate capability with respect to the current generation of experiments. Many promising technological solutions are being developed for both tracking detectors and calorimeters.
Measurements of J/ψ Production and Polarization in p+p and p+Au Collisions at s NN = 200 GeV with the STAR Experiment
Authors: Liu Zhen
Published: May 2018

We present the measurements of [Formula: see text] production at mid-rapidity via the di-muon decay channel in p+p and p+Au collisions at [Formula: see text] = 200 GeV by the STAR experiment at RHIC. In p+p collisions, the measured inclusive [Formula: see text] cross section can be qualitatively described by model calculations. The [Formula: see text] polarization parameters, [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] as well as the frame-invariant quantity [Formula: see text], are presented as a function of transverse momentum in both the helicity and Collins-Soper frames. No significant polarization is observed. In addition, the nuclear modification factor for inclusive J/[Formula: see text] in p+Au collisions is similar to that measured in d+Au collisions and favors an additional nuclear absorption effect on top of the nuclear PDF effect.
Measurements of Hadron Resonance Production with ALICE
Authors: Fragiacomo Enrico
Published: May 2018

Short-lived resonances have long been recognized as good probes to investigate the late-stage evolution of ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions. More recently, resonances with different masses and quark composition have provided valuable contributions to the understanding of strangeness production, in particular for the observed multiplicity-dependent enhancement in small systems. In this light, a comprehensive review is presented of the most recent ALICE results on [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] production in pp, p–Pb and Pb–Pb collisions at various collision energies at the LHC, including results from the latest Pb–Pb run at [Formula: see text] = 5.02 TeV.
Breaking Symmetry Effects on Heavy Tetraquarks
Authors: Vijande J. , Valcarce A. , Richard J.-M.
Published: May 2018

In this contribution we present symmetry arguments that can be applied to study the stability of four-quark systems with two different masses. The role played by different symmetry breaking effects and the non-Abelian algebra of color forces is discussed in detail. In the particular case of hidden-flavor all-heavy four-quark states, [Formula: see text], the system becomes unstable for standard color-additive models. Differences and similarities between [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] configurations are presented. In the latter case, its stability when the mass ratio [Formula: see text] increases was established almost forty years ago. In the former case, we find a kind of metastability between the lowest threshold, [Formula: see text] and the highest one, [Formula: see text].
Results from the NOvA Experiment
Authors: Smith Erica
Published: May 2018

The NOvA experiment is a long-baseline accelerator-based neutrino oscillation experiment. It uses the upgraded NuMI beam from Fermilab to measure electron-neutrino appearance and muon-neutrino disappearance between the Near Detector, located at Fermilab, and the Far Detector, located at Ash River, Minnesota. The NuMI beam has recently reached and surpassed the 700 kW power benchmark. NOvA’s primary physics goals include precision measurements of oscillation parameters, such as [Formula: see text] and the atmospheric mass-squared splitting, along with probes of the mass hierarchy and of the CP violating phase. This talk will present the latest NOvA results, based on a neutrino beam exposure equivalent to [Formula: see text] protons-on-target.
More Results from the Opera Experiment at the Gran Sasso Underground Lab
Authors: Kamiscioglu Mustafa
Published: May 2018

The OPERA experiment reached its main goal by proving the appearance of [Formula: see text] in the CNGS [Formula: see text] beam. Five [Formula: see text] candidates fulfilling the analysis defined in the proposal were detected with a S/B ratio of about ten allowing to reject the null hypothesis at 5.1[Formula: see text]. The search has been extended by loosening the selection criteria in order to obtain a statistically enhanced, lower purity, signal sample. One such interesting neutrino interaction with a double vertex topology having a high probability of being a [Formula: see text] interaction with charm production is reported. Based on the enlarged data sample the estimation of [Formula: see text][Formula: see text] in appearance mode is presented. The search for [Formula: see text] interactions has been extended over the full data set with a more than twofold increase in statistics with respect to published data. The analysis of the [Formula: see text] channel is updated and the implications of the electron neutrino sample in the framework of the 3+1 neutrino model is discussed. An analysis of [Formula: see text] interactions in the framework of the sterile neutrino model has also been performed. Finally, the results of the study of charged hadron multiplicity distributions is presented.
Recent Results from the Majorana Demonstrator
Authors: Gilliss T , Alvis S I , Arnquist I J , Avignone F T , Barabash A S , Barton C J , Bertrand F E , Bode T , Brudanin V , Busch M , Buuck M , Caldwell T S , Chan Y-D , Christofferson C D , Chu P -H , Cuesta C , Detwiler J A , Dunagan C , Efremenko Yu , Ejiri H , Elliott S R , Giovanetti G K , Green M P , Gruszko J , Guinn I S , Guiseppe V E , Haufe C R , Hehn L , Henning R , Hoppe E W , Howe M A , Keeter K J , Kidd M F , Konovalov S I , Kouzes R T , Lopez A M , Martin R D , Massarczyk R , Meijer S J , Mertens S , Myslik J , O’Shaughnessy C , Othman G , Pettus W , Poon A W P , Radford D C , Rager J , Reine A L , Rielage K , Robertson R G H , Ruof N W , Shanks B , Shirchenko M , Suriano A M , Tedeschi D , Varner R L , Vasilyev S , Vetter K , Vorren K , White B R , Wilkerson J F , Wiseman C , Xu W , Yakushev E , Yu C -H , Yumatov V , Zhitnikov I , Zhu B X
Published: May 2018

The MAJORANA Collaboration has completed construction and is now operating an array of high purity Ge detectors searching for neutrinoless double-beta decay ([Formula: see text]) in [Formula: see text]Ge. The array, known as the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR, is comprised of 44 kg of Ge detectors (30 kg enriched to 88% in [Formula: see text]Ge) installed in an ultra-low background compact shield at the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota. The primary goal of the DEMONSTRATOR is to establish a low-background design that can be scaled to a next-generation tonne-scale experiment. This work reports initial background levels in the [Formula: see text] region of interest. Also presented are recent physics results leveraging P-type point-contact detectors with sub-keV energy thresholds to search for physics beyond the Standard Model; first results from searches for bosonic dark matter, solar axions, Pauli exclusion principle violation, and electron decay have been published. Finally, this work discusses the proposed tonne-scale [Formula: see text]Ge [Formula: see text] LEGEND experiment.
Propagation of Uncertainties of the Nucleon-Nucleon Potential to the Neutron-Deuteron Elastic Scattering Cross Section
Authors: Skibiński R. , Volkotrub Yu. , Golak J. , Topolnicki K. , Witała H.
Published: May 2018

Faddeev formalism is used to study the propagation of theoretical uncertainties from the two-nucleon force to three-nucleon scattering observables. Predictions are obtained with the One-Pion-Exchange Gaussian interaction, for which correlations between its parameters are known. Within the Monte Carlo approach we are able to estimate uncertainties of three-nucleon observables arising from the imprecise knowledge of the One-Pion-Exchange Gaussian potential parameters. We found that the uncertainties of this type are small for three-nucleon elastic scattering cross section at investigated here energies up to the nucleon laboratory energy of 200 MeV. They remain smaller than the dominant theoretical uncertainty arising from using various models of nucleon-nucleon interactions. We also compare the above-mentioned results with other types of theoretical uncertainties, that is with the ones stemming from order truncation errors and regulator dependencies, present in calculations based on the chiral interaction.
CP Violation Sensitivity at the Belle II Experiment
Authors: Luo Tao
Published: May 2018

The sensitivity on the measurements of the angles of the CKM unitarity triangle, i.e. [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], for Belle II experiment is presented in this letter, the CKM mechanism is expected to be tested at 1% level on Belle II.
Λc Physics at BESIII
Authors: Mezzadri Giulio
Published: May 2018

In 2014 BESIII collected a data sample of 567 [Formula: see text] at [Formula: see text] = 4.6 GeV, which is just above the [Formula: see text] pair production threshold. By analyzing this data sample, we have measured the absolute branching fractions for many decays of [Formula: see text] for the first time. These decays include the semileptonic decays of [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], the hadronic decays of [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and inclusive decay [Formula: see text] + anything. The decays of [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are observed for the first time and the others are measured with significantly improved precision. These results are important to benefit the development of the related theories, and provide important inputs for both charmed baryons and [Formula: see text] physics.
Mixing and CPV in Charm Hadrons at LHCb
Authors: Krzemien Wojciech
Published: May 2018

LHCb continues to expand its world-leading sample of charmed hadrons collected during LHCs Run 1 (2010-2012) and Run 2 (2015-present). This sample is yielding some of the most stringent tests of the Standard Model understanding of charm physics. This includes precise measurements of the neutral D-meson mixing parameters and some of the most sensitive searches for direct and indirect CP violation in charm interactions.
The LUCID-2 Luminometer
Authors: Hedberg V.
Published: May 2018

The LUCID-2 detector is the main online and offline luminosity monitor of the ATLAS experiment. It provides 104 different luminosity measurements from different algorithms for each of the thousands of LHC bunches. The new detector is using the quartz windows of 10 mm diameter photomultipliers and optical quartz fibers as the Cherenkov medium. A main challenge for a luminometer is to keep the efficiency constant during years of data-taking. LUCID-2 is using an innovative calibration system based on radioactive Bi-207 sources deposited on the quartz window of the readout photomultipliers.