bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Starch Modified Tough Biocompatible Polyurethane/acrylamide bio Composites: Physicochemical Properties and Biodegradation Studies
Authors: Vedaiyan Jeevitha , Kandaswamy Ravichandran , Dasaien Lynda Merlin
Published: April 2023

Biodegradable bio composites with potential applications in medical implants were prepared with starch content by in situ polymerization technique using polyurethane prepolymers. (PU) and acrylamide (AAM) monomers. The structure and properties of bio composites were evaluated. FT-IR spectroscopy showed bonding between N=C=O functional group terminated polyurethanes confirmed improved compatibility of prepolymers, AAM, starch and bio composites. The DSC data are the glass transition (Tg) of the bio composite and ordinary polyacrylamide (PAAM) network. By incorporating starch and polyurethane in the form of an interpenetrating network into a polyacrylamide network, mechanical and thermal properties of bio composites due to higher crosslink density given by hard segment content. We studied the swelling behavior of both bio composites and individual PAAM networks under different pH conditions to validate their biocompatibility and potential use in biomedicine setting. The hydrolytic stability of biocomposites and PAAM networks was investigated using phosphate buffer. Hydrolytic stability of biocomposites was found to be higher comparison with PAAM network. Morphological analysis of the samples showed uniform distribution and good interfacial adhesion. Improves sample biodegradability it was revealed by the soil runoff test.
Sentiment Analysis of User Comment Text based on LSTM
Authors: Li Feng , Cui Chenxi , Hu Yashi , Wang Lingling
Published: April 2023

Taking the user-generated Chinese comment dataset on online platforms as the research object, we constructed word2vec word vectors using gensim and built a sentiment analysis model based on LSTM using the TensorFlow deep learning framework. From the perspective of mining user comment data on the platform, we analyzed the sentiment tendency of user comments, providing data support for hotels to understand consumers' real sentiment tendencies and improve their own service quality. Through analysis of the validation dataset results obtained by crawling the website, the accuracy of this LSTM model can reach up to 0.89, but there is still much room for improvement in the accuracy of sentiment analysis for some datasets. In future research, this model needs further optimization to obtain a stable and more accurate deep-learning model.
NOKULASI MIKORIZA DAN PENAMBAHAN BAHAN ORGANIK SEBAGAI BAHAN PEMBENAH TANAH PASIR UNTUK PENANAMAN BAWANG MERAH (ALLIUM CEPA)
Authors: Zulkoni Akhsin
Published: April 2023

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SOURCES OF COMMERCIAL AND POLITICAL INFORMATION MINISTRY OF FINANCE OF TSARIST RUSSIA (THE BEGINNING OF THE XX CENTURY.)
Authors: Костриков Станислаюв Сергеевич , Костриков Сергей Петрович
Published: April 2023

Рассмотрены донесения консульских служб российского МИД и агентов Министерства финансов, сообщавших важные коммерческие сведения, данные о состоянии торговых отношений между странами, о политических событиях и пр., которые руководство имперского Министерства финансов публиковало в своих изданиях для ознакомления с актуальной экономической и политической информацией заинтересованных отечественных предпринимателей.

The reports of the consular services of the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, which reported important commercial information, data on the state of trade relations between countries, political events, etc., which the leadership of the Imperial Ministry of Finance published in their publications to familiarize themselves with relevant economic and political information of interested domestic entrepreneurs, are considered.
Valoración de la seguridad del paciente en la práctica clínica de terapia renal sustitutiva en las unidades de vigilancia intensiva
Authors: Suárez María del Tránsito , Rodas Lida , Quíntela Marta , Mejía Adriana Patricia
Published: April 2023

Introducción: La seguridad del paciente en unidades de vigilancia intensiva, con terapia renal sustitutiva intermitente, está influenciada por diversos factores: los inherentes al paciente, humanos y técnicos.
Objetivo: Identificar los factores de riesgo y principales incidencias presentes en la práctica clínica, que interfieren en la seguridad del paciente al que se le realiza terapia sustantiva renal intermitente.
Material y Método: Estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo de 413 sesiones de terapia sustitutiva renal intermitente. Se obtuvieron datos demográficos, clínicos, complicaciones clínicas, técnicas, controles de monitores, medidas correctivas y factores de riesgo relacionados con las enfermeras mediante un cuestionario de experteza en diálisis.
Resultados: 413 sesiones; (52,1%) hemodiálisis intermitente. Edad media 65 años; 78,7% sexo masculino; motivo de ingreso shock séptico (35,1%).Incidencias: error en la asignación de la modalidad (33,2%), pautas sin actualizar (30,5%), disfunción del acceso vascular (15,7%). Complicaciones clínicas: 47,6 en hemodiálisis intermitente, destacando hipotensión en 41,2%.Complicaciones técnicas en el 37,7% de las sesiones, coagulación total o parcial del circuito extracorpóreo (16,7%). Relacionados con el personal: falta de un programa estandarizado de formación (57,1%), variabilidad de personal (81%) y no asistencia a la capacitación programada (52,4%).
Conclusión: La seguridad del paciente con terapia sustitución renal en unidades de vigilancia intensiva, es un proceso multifactorial: relacionados con aspectos no modificables (asociados al paciente), incidencias durante el procedimiento y complicaciones. Aunque no se produjeron efectos adversos mayores en la evolución clínica del paciente, éstos son considerados potenciales y algunos previsibles, controlables y evitables.
Relación entre sobrepeso y obesidad con la progresión de la enfermedad renal crónica en pacientes del Centro Médico Naval en México
Authors: Mendoza-Niño Carlos , Martínez-Robles José Daniel , Gallardo-García Isidora
Published: April 2023

Introducción: La progresión de la enfermedad renal crónica podría estar asociada directa o indirectamente al sobrepeso y la obesidad; sin embargo, hasta el momento no hay evidencias suficientes para constatar esta relación.
Objetivo: Determinar si el sobrepeso y obesidad son factores que contribuyen a una progresión más acelerada de la enfermedad renal crónica en una muestra de pacientes del Centro Médico Naval.
Material y Método: A través de un estudio cuantitativo y observacional, de tipo comparativo, longitudinal y retrospectivo, se determinaron los cambios en el normopeso, sobrepeso y obesidad en 44 pacientes. La progresión de la enfermedad renal crónica se determinó con base en la tasa de filtración glomerular y niveles de albuminuria que presentaron estos pacientes. Los datos se recabaron con un instrumento de registro de diseño propio, durante un seguimiento de 3 años que se llevó a cabo de enero de 2019 a diciembre de 2021.
Resultados: Los resultados muestran una tendencia al aumento en la progresión de la enfermedad renal crónica.
Conclusiones: A pesar de que se encontró una tendencia al aumento, no se pudo probar una asociación estadísticamente significativa entre la obesidad y el sobrepeso con la progresión de esta enfermedad.
An item response theory analysis of the matrix reasoning item bank (MaRs-IB)
Authors: Zorowitz Samuel , Chierchia Gabriele , Blakemore Sarah-Jayne , Daw Nathaniel D.
Published: April 2023

Matrix reasoning tasks are among the most widely used measures of cognitive ability in the behavioral sciences, but the lack of matrix reasoning tests in the public domain complicates their use. Here, we present an extensive investigation and psychometric validation of the matrix reasoning item bank (MaRs-IB), an open-access set of matrix reasoning items. In a first study, we calibrate the psychometric functioning of the items in the MaRs-IB in a large sample of adult participants (N = 1501). Using additive multilevel item structure models, we establish that the MaRs-IB has many desirable psychometric properties: its items span a wide range of difficulty, possess medium-to-large levels of discrimination, and exhibit robust associations between item complexity and difficulty. However, we also find that item clones are not always psychometrically equivalent and cannot be assumed to be exchangeable. In a second study, we demonstrate how experimenters can use the estimated item parameters to design new matrix reasoning tests using optimal item assembly. Specifically, we design and validate two new sets of test forms in an independent sample of adults (N = 600). We find these new tests possess good reliability and convergent validity with an established measure of matrix reasoning. We hope that the materials and results made available here will encourage experimenters to use the MaRs-IB in their research.
Pelatihan Metode Statistika Untuk Ptk Bagi Guru-Guru SMP Negeri di Lingkungan Kabupaten Gresik
Authors: Prastuti Mike , Pingit Wulandari Sri , Aridinanti Lucia , Mumpuni Retnaningsih Sri , Wibowo Wahyu , Dewi Ratih Iis , Wildani Zakiatul
Published: April 2023

Pendidikan adalah salah satu dari 17 target Pembangunan Berkelanjutan. Isu strategis terkait pendidikan adalah masih rendahnya kualitas Pendidikan di Indonesia. Salah satu faktor yang menjadi penyebab kualitas pendidikan rendah adalah kurangnya penelitian mengenai proses pembelajaran di tingkat sekolah dasar dan menengah. Salah satu bentuk penelitian yang dapat dilakukan oleh guru adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). PTK adalah penelitian praktis yang bertujuan untuk memperbaiki metode pembelajaran di kelas sehingga guru dapat menemukan metode pembelajaran yang paling tepat bagi karakter siswa yang berubah dari waktu ke waktu. Program Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat bertujuan untuk membekali guru-guru SMP negeri Kab. Gresik, agar mampu menganalisis data dalam PTK dengan menggunakan metode Statistika, dalam bentuk pelatihan. Dari pelatihan ini diharapkan guru mampu menerapkan metode Statistika yang sesuai dengan permasalahan yang dihadapi dalam PTK. Hasil yang didapatkan adalah Pelatihan Metode Statistika Untuk PTK bagi Guru SMPN Kab. Gresik adalah meningkatnya pengetahuan peserta mengenai metode statistika berdasarkan hasil kenaikan nilai pre-test dan post-test  peserta dengan materi penelitian Tindakan kelas,  penyajian data deskriptif, pengujian hipotesis satu populasi, pengujian hipotesis dua populasi serta korelasi dan regresi sebanyak 12 guru.
İklim Değişikliğinin Gelişmişlik ve Bölgesel Farklılıklar Bağlamında Tarımsal Katma Değer Üzerine Etkisi: Akdeniz Ülkeleri Üzerine Bir Panel Veri Analizi
Authors: ERDİK Sümeyye Şeyma , TEMURLENK Mehmet
Published: April 2023

Dünya genelinde önemli bir sorun haline gelen iklim değişikliği, ülkelerin ekonomilerini tehdit eden konuma ulaşmıştır. İklim değişikliğinde meydana gelen değişimler tarım, sağlık, çevre ve ekonomi gibi faktörleri olumlu ya da olumsuz yönde etkileme potansiyeline sahiptir. İklimde meydana gelen değişim, sıcaklık ve yağışta değişikliğe neden olmakta ve bunun sonucu aşırı sıcaklık ve aşırı yağış durumları ortaya çıkmakta ve tarımsal üretim bundan önemli ölçüde etkilenebilmektedir. Bu durumda tarımsal katma değer azalarak ekonomik büyümenin olumsuz etkilemesine neden olmaktadır. İklim değişikliği, ekonomik büyümeyi doğrudan değil dolaylı olarak etkileyebilir. Bazı ülkeler sahip oldukları coğrafya ve gelişmişlik düzeyine bağlı olarak iklim değişikliğine daha kolay uyum sağlayarak bu durumdan daha az etkilenirken, bazıları ise iklim değişikliğine uyum sağlamakta zorlanmakta ve ondan daha olumsuz etkilenebilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, iklim değişikliğinin tarımsal katma değer üzerindeki etkisini 16 Akdeniz ülkesinin gelişmişlik düzeyleri ve bölgesel farklılıklarını da dikkate alarak analiz etmektir. Panel veri analizi yönteminin kullanıldığı çalışmada 1990-2019 arası yıllık verileri kullanılmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, bölgesel farklılık bağlamında Güneybatı Akdeniz ülkelerine kıyasla sıcaklığın tarımsal katma değer üzerindeki etkisi Kuzeybatı Akdeniz ve Kuzeydoğu Akdeniz bölgesi ülkelerinde daha olumsuz iken, Güneydoğu Akdeniz bölgesi ülkelerinde ise daha az olumsuz etkiye sahiptir. Gelişmişlik düzeyleri bağlamında orta insani gelişme endeksine sahip ülkelere göre sıcaklığın tarımsal katma değer üzerindeki etkisi çok yüksek insani gelişme endeksi ekonomiler de daha az ve olumlu yönde seyretmektedir.
Finansal Piyasalarda Seçili Yatırım Araçlarının Rusya-Ukrayna Savaşına Tepkisinin Olay Çalışması Yaklaşımı ile İncelenmesi
Authors: CHARKASOV Mahammad , ARI Gizem , SARIKOVANLIK Vedat
Published: April 2023

Rusya’nın 24 Şubat 2022 tarihinde Ukrayna’ya karşı geniş kapsamlı askeri harekâtı başlatması ile küresel piyasalarda beklenmedik hareketlilikler görülmüştür. Bu çalışmada, finansal piyasalarda işlem gören seçili yatırım aracı fiyatlarının savaşın başladığı tarih etrafındaki davranışları, olay çalışması metodolojisi kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, ilgili olaya karşı yatırım araçlarının kısa ve uzun dönemli tepkisini ölçebilmek için farklı piyasaları temsilen ons altın, ham petrol, euro/dolar paritesi ve MSCI global hisse senedi endeksine ait günlük veriler çalışmanın veri seti olarak belirlenmiştir. Söz konusu metodoloji kullanılarak, aynı zamanda etkinlik hipotezi çerçevesinde finansal piyasaların etkinliği sınanmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında öncelikle her bir yatırım aracına ait anomali getirileri (AR) ve kümülatif anomali getirilerinin (CAR) anlamlılıkları test edilmiştir. Oluşturulan dört farklı olay penceresi içerisinde ons altın ve ham petrol fiyatlarının ilgili olaya pozitif yönde tepki verdiği görülürken, euro/dolar paritesi ve MSCI global hisse senedi endeksi fiyatlarında negatif yönde bir hareketlilik gözlemlenmiştir. Özellikle, ons altın belirlenmiş tüm olay pencereleri içerisinde olaya çok güçlü tepki vererek diğer yatırım araçlarından ayrışmıştır. Elde edilen bu bulgu, kriz dönemlerinde altının, yatırımcılar tarafından güvenli bir liman olarak görüldüğünü destekler niteliktedir. Olay çalışması metodolojisinin uygulanmasıyla anlamlı anomali getirilerinin elde edilmesi, söz konusu yatırım araçlarının işlem gördüğü finansal piyasaların yarı güçlü formda etkin olmadığı sonucunu ortaya çıkarmıştır.
Örgütsel Bağlılığa Etki Eden Bireysel Faktörlerin Sağlık Çalışanları Üzerinden İncelenmesi
Authors: AYDIN Sema , ALACAHAN Osman
Published: April 2023

COVID-19 sürecinde ön saflarda çalışan sağlık personelinin işlevsel bir hizmet verebilmeleri için fiziksel ve ruhsal sağlıklarının korunmasıyla gerekli koruyucu ve destekleyici önlemlerin alınması büyük önem arz etmektedir. Örgüt ve bireyin faaliyetlerinde hedefledikleri sonuca ulaşmalarında önemli değişkenlerden biri de insan faktörüdür. Çalışanın sahip olduğu bireysel özellikleri çalışma hayatında öncelenen konuların başında gelmektedir. Bireysel özelliklerin çalışma hayatında yansımalarından biri de örgütsel bağlılıktır. Bireyin örgüte bağlılık düzeyi hem onun psiko-sosyal yaşamı için hem de örgütsel faaliyetlerin sürdürülmesi noktasında önemli sonuçlar üretmektedir. Bireyin örgüte bağlılığı, onun performansını ve örgütün verimliliğini doğrudan etkileyen bir unsurdur. Bireyin örgüte bağlılığı yükseldikçe, performansı, iş tatmini ve verimliliği artmaktadır. Örgütsel bağlılığı düşük düzeyde olan bir çalışanın çalışma alanında daha az çaba sarf edeceği tahmin edilebilir. Çalışanın örgütsel bağlılığının yüksek olması durumunda örgütün mal ve hizmet üretmekteki amacına daha az maliyetle ulaşacağı tahmin edilebilir.

Çalışmanın amacı birey için olduğu kadar örgütler için de risk ve tehlikeler içeren COVID-19 pandemisi sürecinde örgütsel bağlılık düzeyinin bireysel değişkenlerin etkisiyle ne yönde değiştiğini belirlemektir. Bu amaçla bireysel değişkenler ile örgütsel bağlılık arasındaki ilişki araştırılmıştır. Çalışmaya veri sağlamak üzere yapılan anket çalışmasının evren örneklemini, Sivas Merkez İlçede görev yapan 346 sağlık personelinden oluşturmaktadır.

Sonuç olarak bireysel değişkenler ile örgütsel bağlılığın tüm boyutları arasında anlamlı ve olumlu yönde bir ilişki belirlenmiştir. Çalışlardan erkeklerin, 18-25 yaş aralığında olanların, Bekârların, Lisansüstü eğitime sahip olanların, 21-25 yıl kıdemi olanların örgütsel bağlılıkları diğerlerine göre yüksek bulunmuştur. Öte yandan çalışanların aşırı iş yük altında kalmaları ile örgütsel bağlılıkları arasında negatif bir ilişki olduğu bulunmuştur.
Hanehalkı Tüketim Harcamalarında Tüketici İyi Oluşu ve Tüketici Harcama Öz-Kontrolünün Yaşam Doyumuna Etkisi
Authors: AKBULUT DURSUN Özlem , ERCİŞ Aysel
Published: April 2023

Bu çalışmada, tüketici yaşam alanındaki memnuniyetin ve tüketicilerin harcamalarında sahip oldukları öz-kontrolün yaşam doyumları üzerindeki etkisi incelenmektedir. Bu çalışma İstanbul ilinde ikamet eden hanehalklarında uygulanmış ve 600 anket değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. Verilerin analizinde SPSS 22.0 ve M-PLUS 8.2 paket istatistik programlarından faydalanılmıştır. Katılımcıların frekans dağılımları, demografik özellikleri incelenmiş; güvenilirlik ve regresyon analizleri yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda yerel perakadencilerin ürün kalitesi, istenilen ürünlerin bulunması, fiyatları, mağaza ambiyansı, personel nezaketi, iade ve değişim politikaları, çalışma saatlerini ifade eden “sahip olma memnuniyetinin” ve tüketim hizmeti kullanım memnuniyetinin yaşam doyumu üzerinde negatif etkisi olduğu; tüketicilerin harcama ile ilgili düşüncelerini ve kararlarını kendi belirlediği standartlara uygun şekilde izleme ve düzenleme yeteneği olan harcama öz-kontrolünün pozitif etkisi olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Magnetic Misalignment of Interstellar Dust Filaments
Authors: Cukierman Ari J. , Clark S. E. , Halal George
Published: April 2023

We present evidence for scale-independent misalignment of interstellar dust filaments and magnetic fields. We estimate the misalignment by comparing millimeter-wave dust-polarization measurements from Planck with filamentary structures identified in neutral-hydrogen (H i) measurements from Hi4PI. We find that the misalignment angle displays a scale independence (harmonic coherence) for features larger than the Hi4PI beamwidth (16.′2). We additionally find a spatial coherence on angular scales of

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. We present several misalignment estimators formed from the auto- and cross-spectra of dust-polarization and H i-based maps, and we also introduce a map-space estimator. Applied to large regions of the high-Galactic-latitude sky, we find a global misalignment angle of ∼2°, which is robust to a variety of masking choices. By dividing the sky into small regions, we show that the misalignment angle correlates with the parity-violating TB cross-spectrum measured in the Planck dust maps. The misalignment paradigm also predicts a dust EB signal, which is of relevance in the search for cosmic birefringence but as yet undetected; the measurements of EB are noisier than those of TB, and our correlations of EB with misalignment angle are found to be weaker and less robust to masking choices. We also introduce an H i-based dust-polarization template constructed from the Hessian matrix of the H i intensity, which is found to correlate more strongly than previous templates with Planck dust B modes.
Implications of Different Solar Photospheric Flux-transport Models for Global Coronal and Heliospheric Modeling
Authors: Barnes Graham , DeRosa Marc L. , Jones Shaela I. , Arge Charles N. , Henney Carl J. , Cheung Mark C. M.
Published: April 2023

The concept of surface-flux transport (SFT) is commonly used in evolving models of the large-scale solar surface magnetic field. These photospheric models are used to determine the large-scale structure of the overlying coronal magnetic field, as well as to make predictions about the fields and flows that structure the solar wind. We compare predictions from two SFT models for the solar wind, open magnetic field footpoints, and the presence of coronal magnetic null points throughout various phases of a solar activity cycle, focusing on the months of April in even-numbered years between 2012 and 2020, inclusively. We find that there is a solar-cycle dependence to each of the metrics considered, but there is not a single phase of the cycle in which all the metrics indicate good agreement between the models. The metrics also reveal large, transient differences between the models when a new active region is rotating into the assimilation window. The evolution of the surface flux is governed by a combination of large-scale flows and comparatively small-scale motions associated with convection. Because the latter flows evolve rapidly, there are intervals during which their impact on the surface flux can only be characterized in a statistical sense, thus their impact is modeled by introducing a random evolution that reproduces the typical surface flux evolution. We find that the differences between the predicted properties are dominated by differences in the model assumptions and implementation, rather than the selection of a particular realization of the random evolution.
Stellar Escape from Globular Clusters. I. Escape Mechanisms and Properties at Ejection
Authors: Weatherford Newlin C. , Kıroğlu Fulya , Fragione Giacomo , Chatterjee Sourav , Kremer Kyle , Rasio Frederic A.
Published: April 2023

The theory of stellar escape from globular clusters (GCs) dates back nearly a century, especially the gradual evaporation of GCs via two-body relaxation coupled with external tides. More violent ejection can also occur via strong gravitational scattering, supernovae, gravitational wave-driven mergers, tidal disruption events, and physical collisions, but comprehensive study of the many escape mechanisms has been limited. Recent exquisite kinematic data from the Gaia space telescope has revealed numerous stellar streams in the Milky Way (MW) and traced the origin of many to specific MWGCs, highlighting the need for further examination of stellar escape from these clusters. In this study, the first of a series, we lay the groundwork for detailed follow-up comparisons between Cluster Monte Carlo GC models and the latest Gaia data on the outskirts of MWGCs, their tidal tails, and associated streams. We thoroughly review escape mechanisms from GCs and examine their relative contributions to the escape rate, ejection velocities, and escaper demographics. We show for the first time that three-body binary formation may dominate high-speed ejection from typical MWGCs, potentially explaining some of the hypervelocity stars in the MW. Due to their mass, black holes strongly catalyze this process, and their loss at the onset of observable core collapse, characterized by a steep central brightness profile, dramatically curtails three-body binary formation, despite the increased post-collapse density. We also demonstrate that even when born from a thermal eccentricity distribution, escaping binaries have significantly nonthermal eccentricities consistent with the roughly uniform distribution observed in the Galactic field.
Quantification of High-dimensional Non-Gaussianities and Its Implication to Fisher Analysis in Cosmology
Authors: Park Core Francisco , Allys Erwan , Villaescusa-Navarro Francisco , Finkbeiner Douglas
Published: April 2023

It is well known that the power spectrum is not able to fully characterize the statistical properties of non-Gaussian density fields. Recently, many different statistics have been proposed to extract information from non-Gaussian cosmological fields that perform better than the power spectrum. The Fisher matrix formalism is commonly used to quantify the accuracy with which a given statistic can constrain the value of the cosmological parameters. However, these calculations typically rely on the assumption that the sampling distribution of the considered statistic follows a multivariate Gaussian distribution. In this work, we follow Sellentin & Heavens and use two different statistical tests to identify non-Gaussianities in different statistics such as the power spectrum, bispectrum, marked power spectrum, and wavelet scattering transform (WST). We remove the non-Gaussian components of the different statistics and perform Fisher matrix calculations with the Gaussianized statistics using Quijote simulations. We show that constraints on the parameters can change by a factor of ∼2 in some cases. We show with simple examples how statistics that do not follow a multivariate Gaussian distribution can achieve artificially tight bounds on the cosmological parameters when using the Fisher matrix formalism. We think that the non-Gaussian tests used in this work represent a powerful tool to quantify the robustness of Fisher matrix calculations and their underlying assumptions. We release the code used to compute the power spectra, bispectra, and WST that can be run on both CPUs and GPUs.
Quasi-elastodynamic Processes Involved in the Interaction between Solar Wind and Magnetosphere
Authors: Gu Y. X. , Wang Y. , Wei F. S. , Feng X. S. , Song X. J. , Wang B. Y. , Zuo P. B. , Jiang C. W. , Xu X. J. , Zhou Z. L.
Published: April 2023

The interaction between the solar wind and the magnetosphere is one of the most important research subjects in the fields of astrophysics and space physics. For more than half a century, based on the pressure balance assumption between the solar wind and the magnetosphere and considering other important factors, such as the interplanetary magnetic field and magnetic reconnection process, the dynamic processes at the magnetopause have been extensively analyzed. However, the responses of magnetopause to the solar wind dynamic pressure variations are still complicated to understand. Here, we show that the interaction between the solar wind and the magnetosphere can be regarded as a quasi-elastodynamic process. The driving frequency of the solar wind is determined as a crucial reason for the phase difference between solar wind dynamic pressure variations and magnetopause standoff distance. The low-pass filter effect and oscillation properties of the magnetopause can also be well explained by the forced damped vibrations. Moreover, the quasi-elastodynamic processes predict deformations at the magnetopause, which resemble the magnetopause surface wave. Finally, a three-dimensional time-dependent magnetopause model is constructed and verified by observation. Based on 12,242 magnetopause crossing events, it is found that the new model reveals ∼9.7% better prediction accuracy than the widely used time-independent model. These results can also shed light on our understanding of the solar-wind–magnetopause interaction for other planets.
Evolution of Magnetic Field Fluctuations and Their Spectral Properties within the Heliosphere: Statistical Approach
Authors: Šafránková Jana , Němeček Zdeněk , Němec František , Verscharen Daniel , Horbury Timothy S. , Bale Stuart D. , Přech Lubomír
Published: April 2023

We present the first comprehensive statistical study of the evolution of compressive and noncompressive magnetic field fluctuations in the inner heliosphere. Based on Parker Solar Probe (PSP) and Solar Orbiter data at various distances from the Sun, we show the general trends and compare them with Wind observations near 1 au. The paper analyzes solar wind power spectra of magnetic field fluctuations in the inertial and kinetic ranges of frequencies. We find a systematic steepening of the spectrum in the inertial range with the spectral index of around −3/2 at closest approach to the Sun toward −5/3 at larger distances (above 0.4 au), the spectrum of the field component perpendicular to the background field being steeper at all distances. In the kinetic range, the spectral indices increase with distance from −4.8 at closest PSP approach to ≈−3 at 0.4 au and this value remains approximately constant toward 1 au. We show that the radial profiles of spectral slopes, fluctuation amplitudes, spectral breaks, and their mutual relations undergo rapid changes near 0.4 au.
Detection of Dust in High-velocity Cloud Complex C–Enriched Gas Accreting onto the Milky Way
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Authors: Fox Andrew J. , Cashman Frances H. , Kriss Gerard A. , de Rosa Gisella , Plesha Rachel , Homayouni Yasaman , Richter Philipp
Published: April 2023

We present the detection of dust depletion in Complex C, a massive, infalling, low-metallicity high-velocity cloud in the northern Galactic hemisphere that traces the ongoing accretion of gas onto the Milky Way. We analyze a very high signal-to-noise Hubble Space Telescope Cosmic Origins Spectrograph spectrum of active galactic nucleus (AGN) Mrk 817 formed by coadding 165 individual exposures taken under the AGN STORM 2 program, allowing us to determine dust-depletion patterns in Complex C at unprecedented precision. By fitting Voigt components to the O i, S ii, N i, Si ii, Fe ii, and Al ii absorption and applying ionization corrections from customized Cloudy photoionization models, we find subsolar elemental abundance ratios of [Fe/S] = −0.42 ± 0.08, [Si/S] = −0.29 ± 0.05, and [Al/S] = −0.53 ± 0.08. These ratios indicate the depletion of Fe, Si, and Al into dust grains, since S is mostly undepleted. The detection of dust provides an important constraint on the origin of Complex C, as dust grains indicate the gas has been processed through galaxies, rather than being purely extragalactic. We also derive a low metallicity of Complex C of [S/H] = −0.51 ± 0.16 (≈31% solar), confirming earlier results from this sight line. We discuss origin models that could explain the presence of dust in Complex C, including Galactic fountain models, tidal stripping from the Magellanic Clouds or other satellite galaxies, and precipitation of coronal gas onto dust-bearing “seed” clouds.
First report of the Afrotropical genus Securiops Jacobus, McCafferty & Gattolliat (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae) from Southeast Asia, with description of a new species
Authors: Kaltenbach Thomas , Phlai-ngam Sirikamon , Suttinun Chanaporn , Gattolliat Jean-Luc
Published: April 2023

Recent collections in Thailand revealed the occurrence of the genus Securiops in Asia, formerly known from the Afrotropical Realm only. A new species of Securiops is described and illustrated based on larvae and eggs. Eggs of this genus are described for the first time. Morphological differences between the new species and the species from Africa are discussed. The number of species in the genus Securiops is augmented to five.
The First Step in Resolving Medical Disputes Involving Physicians of South Korea: Fair Medical Appraisal
Authors: Lee Tae Hee
Published: April 2023

Physicians of South Korea are not guaranteed their safe health care environment amid the recent increase in medical disputes and changed medical disputes. There has been surprisingly high tendency of criminal punishment on physicians compared to foreign countries such as Japan, England and German. This criminal punishment has caused several problems such as avoidance treatment and defensive treatments, increasing medical costs, a phenomenon of avoiding applying to specialized department with a high risk of medical accidents. Considering the direct impact of medical appraisal on legal judgement, the medical community’s urgent task is to raise physicians who can conduct fair, objective and consistent medical appraisal of medical accidents.
SGLT2 Inhibitors: Emerging Drugs in Heart Failure
Authors: Cho Dong-Hyuk
Published: April 2023

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors constitute a class of diabetes medications that have demonstrated the potential to improve outcomes for heart failure (HF) patients. Although they were originally developed to treat diabetes, clinical trials have demonstrated their ability to both reduce the risk and improve the prognosis of HF. SGLT2 inhibitors have unique mechanisms of action, including improvement of water retention and promotion of lipolysis, which contribute to their effectiveness in treating HF. They are considered essential primary treatment options for patients with HF, regardless of diabetes status and ejection fraction. Overall, the use of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with HF is expected to increase in the future and may further improve treatment outcomes for HF patients.
New Guidelines for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and Progressive Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Yoo Hongseok
Published: April 2023

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most common and fatal idiopathic interstitial pneumonia and is characterized by chronic progressive pulmonary fibrosis of indeterminate etiology. In 2018, the American Thoracic Society, European Respiratory Society, Japanese Respiratory Society, and Latin American Thoracic Society published joint clinical practice guidelines for IPF. The guidelines require exclusion of known causes of interstitial lung disease and identification of a radiological and/or pathologic pattern of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP). The diagnosis of IPF is a multidisciplinary process, involving pulmonologists, radiologists, pathologists and, if necessary, experts in other medical fields. The 2022 guidelines for IPF revisit and clarify the radiological and pathological features of UIP. In addition, recommendations regarding transbronchial lung cryobiopsy, antacid medication, and antireflux surgery are revised or established based on up-to-date evidence in the 2022 guidelines. The new guidelines also encompass the definition and treatment of progressive pulmonary fibrosis (PPF). PPF comprises diverse fibrotic interstitial lung diseases other than IPF, which progress despite standard treatment. The diagnosis of PPF is based on symptoms, physiologic evidence, and radiologic evidence of progression. The use of nintedanib was suggested for patients with PPF other than IPF who are unresponsive to standard treatment. This review introduces and discusses the recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of IPF and PPF in the new international guidelines.
Myasthenia Gravis Presenting as Sudden–onset Isolated Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure
Authors: Kim Won-Young , Park Sung Jin , Baek Moon Seong , Kim Kangjoon , Lee Daegeun , Choi Byoung-Whui
Published: April 2023

Myasthenic crisis, which can be life-threatening due to severe respiratory failure, occurs in 15-20% of patients with myasthenia gravis. However, the crisis often develops within 1-2 years after diagnosis and is very rare as a first symptom of myasthenia gravis; isolated sudden-onset hypercapnic respiratory failure without other symptoms of myasthenia gravis is even rarer. A 63-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with fever and dizziness. Chest computed tomography showed multifocal peribronchial ground-glass opacities, and a diagnosis of pneumonia was made. Initially, the patient did not have dyspnea. However, she developed acute hypercapnic respiratory failure and was intubated. After mechanical ventilation, her hypercapnia improved initially, but worsened on initiation of weaning from the ventilator. As she had a high acetylcholine receptor antibody titer, myasthenia gravis was diagnosed. Her hypercapnia improved after treatment with pyridostigmine and methylprednisolone.
L’expérience migratoire des mineurs non accompagnés : quelques gilets de sauvetage subjectifs dans un dispositif clinique
Authors: Persico Angelo
Published: April 2023

Cet article relate l’expérience de terrain d’un psychologue clinicien auprès d’une association dédiée à l’accompagnement des mineurs non accompagnés ( mna ). À travers les rencontres cliniques avec K, A et B, trois jeunes pris en charge par l’association, l’auteur nous fait part de leurs souffrances psychiques et de leurs difficultés de subjectivation à l’égard d’expériences à fort potentiel traumatique. Regagner leur capacité de ressentir, de réfléchir, d’associer et d’exprimer ce type de vécu a été le défi de ces rencontres. L’utilisation de la propre capacité réflexive du psychologue a été discutée. Les notions de « neutralité » et « altérité » ont été abordées, et une hypothèse alternative sur le phénomène d’appauvrissement de la capacité de subjectivation a été proposée.
Errance à l’adolescence et recherche d’un lieu
Authors: Douville Olivier
Published: April 2023

Dans et par l’errance, se produit une attaque du lieu. Il ne suffit point pour autant de poser les choses avec une telle rudesse. Le pari est de considérer que l’errance est mue par une quête souvent impuissante, il est vrai. Prenons donc à rebours la définition ordinaire de l’errance, qui la réduit à un saut de l’inconnu au connu, du familier vers l’étranger, du lieu au « non-lieu ».
La relation éducative comme issue à l’assignation
Authors: Baraka Morgiane , Rethoré Grégory , Royer Anne-Marie
Published: April 2023

La mesure d’enfermement à l’adolescence vient percuter le travail psychique propre à cet âge, au risque d’assigner le sujet en quête d’identité à une place de délinquant. La relation éducative exercée en Unité éducative de milieu ouvert représente une opportunité d’accompagnement qui offre une issue à l’assignation par l’établissement d’un lien avec le jeune avant, pendant et après l’incarcération ou le placement en Centre éducatif fermé. Il s’agit de donner du sens aux évènements et de soutenir la construction d’un récit de sa vie.
Imposer le quotidien. Expériences de vie de porteurs condamnés au bracelet électronique (DDSE)
Authors: Dambuyant Mathias
Published: April 2023

Les porteurs qui sont condamnés à la peine de bracelet électronique (DDSE) se voient imposer leur propre quotidien. Équipés de cet appareil qui surveille leurs déplacements, ils doivent partir travailler puis rentrer chez eux en respectant leurs emplois du temps. C’est donc bien leur quotidien qui fait peine. Toutefois, en transformant le cadre habituel et routinier en un cadre contraignant, le bracelet a toute une série d’influences sur les ressentis et les expériences des porteurs.
Les odeurs de la rue de la Rousselle, ou comment faire de l’histoire avec du quotidien
Authors: Granger Christophe
Published: April 2023

Qui décide de ce qu’est le quotidien ? On peut toujours décrire une pratique et, au regard de sa régularité parmi les individus considérés, admettre qu’elle appartient à leur quotidien. Mais alors on ne sait rien de ce qu’ils entendent, eux-mêmes, par « quotidien », et rien de la place et de la valeur qu’ils lui reconnaissent. Pour affronter ce problème, cet article propose d’étudier un cas en détail : l’affaire des odeurs de la rue de la Rousselle, à Bordeaux, de 1901 à 1903. Excédé par la puanteur émanant de l’immeuble voisin, un locataire porte plainte. Les odeurs, celles de la morue salée, proviennent d’une boutique de denrées coloniales. Les magistrats, pour établir la nuisance, ne se réfèrent pas à l’état des sensibilités olfactives. Ils recomposent la façon dont ces odeurs s’inscrivent dans le quotidien du quartier et en sont constitutives. L’affaire offre alors un moyen de comprendre que le quotidien est d’abord une catégorie à travers laquelle les acteurs mettent en forme leur vie. À travers elle, il devient possible de faire de l’histoire avec du quotidien.
De l’ordinaire au quotidien
Authors: Laugier Sandra
Published: April 2023

Ludwig Wittgenstein parle de « reconduire les mots de leur usage métaphysique à leur usage quotidien ». Mais quel est cet usage quotidien ? J’examine ici d’abord la difficulté à déterminer quel est cet usage ordinaire, et à quel point il nous échappe, est perdu. C’est cette indétermination même qui fait du langage ordinaire le point d’origine du concept de l’ordinaire, tel que Stanley Cavell l’a développé, s’inspirant notamment de la pensée de R. W. Emerson. L’article propose ensuite d’interroger la différence entre l’ordinaire, concept central de la « philosophie du langage ordinaire », ancré dans l’usage du langage et la notion de forme de vie, et le quotidien comme thème commun à l’esthétique et à l’anthropologie.
Habiter (à) l’hôpital
Authors: de La Soudière Martin
Published: April 2023

Partant d’une expérience personnelle et d’une analyse de l’expérience hospitalière et de la manière dont elle fonctionne au quotidien, je propose une analyse ethnographique de l’isolement, des modes de rétention et du contrôle des patients dans un hôpital psychiatrique à Paris. Le corps y est souvent sollicité et contraint, mais de petits espaces de vie et de détente existent néanmoins (cf. le grand jardin, la salle de télévision, les zones de soins, des chambres avec des fenêtres à moitié fermées par des chaînes, etc.). Les patients sont surveillés en permanence et testent leur degré de liberté. In fine , je me demanderai comment et pourquoi ils sont prêts à accepter – et peut-être attendent – ces modes de contrainte.
Tensions éditoriales en contexte de science ouverte
Authors: C. Noûs-Aussi
Published: April 2023

L’édition scientifique publique en contexte de science ouverte est traversée par de nombreux enjeux socioéconomiques et politiques, souvent à rebours d’une pratique qualitative du métier et d’une prise en compte des conditions propres à son exercice et de ses professionnel·les. Cet article relatant notre expérience d’éditrices s’inscrit dans ce contexte, qui génère nombre de maux. À partir des résultats d’une enquête en psychodynamique du travail que nous avons nourrie et qui fait émerger les risques de désubjectivation auxquels les professionnel·les de l’édition scientifique publique sont exposé·es, nous appelons à la vigilance de notre communauté, tant scientifique que technicienne, pour une attention renouvelée aux personnels qui éditent la science.
Contournement du traitement des violences académiques : l’exemple des « dispositifs RPS »
Authors: Delaval Gwenaël , Puissant Emmanuelle , Saïdoune Samira
Published: April 2023

Alors que se diffuse massivement ce qu’on appelle la « nouvelle gestion publique » dans tous les services publics, dont celui de l’enseignement supérieur et de la recherche, les situations dites de « souffrances au travail » se multiplient, donnant lieu à des dispositifs institutionnels, qui diffèrent selon les universités autonomes, de gestion des risques dits « psychosociaux ». Nous montrons dans cet article que les dispositifs RPS tels qu’ils existent dans certaines universités sont un outil managérial, une manière d’individualiser le diagnostic et l’accompagnement des personnels en souffrance, en contournant et détournant les instances et les acteurs (notamment syndicaux) qui seraient en mesure de proposer un diagnostic collectif et socio-organisationnel des facteurs de souffrance.
Maxime le Confesseur et l’écologie. La place de l’être humain dans le salut des créatures
Authors: Molinié Pierre
Published: April 2023

Encore peu utilisée par l’éco-théologie, la pensée de Maxime le Confesseur offre des ressources importantes pour penser la relation entre l’être humain et le cosmos (la présence de Dieu dans les logoi des créatures, la contemplation naturelle, l’image de l’humain comme « prêtre » de la création). Pourtant, Maxime fait de l’être humain un « médiateur » du salut de tout l’univers. Cette place exorbitante doit-elle être rejetée, avec la vision anthropocentrée qui la sous-tend ?
Manger comme on s’ouvre au monde
Authors: Bachler Laurent
Published: April 2023

Nous distinguons trois manières différentes de parler de l’alimentation des bébés. Une manière technique et hygiéniste, faite de prescriptions et de normes techniques. Une manière naturaliste, qui fait volontiers de l’alimentation un art de vivre hédoniste, mais qui ruine la santé au nom du plaisir. Pour dépasser les impasses respectives de ces deux types de discours, nous proposons un autre type de discours, de type phénoménologique, qui fait de l’expérience vécue de l’alimentation une manière de s’ouvrir au monde, tout en constituant son Moi intérieur.
L’alimentation des bébés et des enfants : une approche anthropologique
Authors: Razy Élodie , de Suremain Charles-Édouard
Published: April 2023

L’alimentation humaine présente l’originalité de se situer à la croisée de phénomènes culturels et de mécanismes biologiques. Elle est intimement associée à des ensembles complexes de pratiques, de représentations et de discours plus ou moins normatifs et prescriptifs qui se transforment selon les époques et les sociétés. Perçue dans le sens commun comme une donnée quasi « naturelle », l’alimentation des bébés n’échappe pas pour autant à l’emprise des habitudes culturelles, des controverses idéologiques, ou encore des modèles de santé. L’observation de la façon dont sont nourris les bébés dans différentes sociétés de la planète permet de prendre du recul avec ce qui est trop souvent présenté, dans les sociétés occidentales, comme une évidence sanitaire et un impératif de santé publique. Outre une grande diversité d’usages et d’expressions, l’anthropologie montre la pluralité des significations associées au nourrissage du bébé. Elle montre aussi que l’alimentation du bébé renvoie à autant de manières de le faire advenir en tant qu’être social. Enfin, par le regard décentré qu’elle opère, l’anthropologie éclaire les multiples enjeux qui se jouent, en Occident, dans les façons d’alimenter les bébés.
DME, vous avez dit DME ?
Authors: Didierjean-Jouveau Claude
Published: April 2023

La diversification alimentaire est un sujet qui préoccupe beaucoup les nouveaux parents. Quand commencer ? Quels aliments proposer ? En quelles quantités ? En purée ou en morceaux ? À toutes ces questions, les manuels de puériculture et les professionnels de santé ont des réponses qui, par leur précision minutieuse, engendrent plus d’inquiétude que de confiance chez les parents : que faire si le bébé refuse les 50 g de purée de carottes qu’il est censé absorber à son âge ? Ne serait-il pas plus simple, plus logique, moins prise de tête et finalement plus efficace, de se laisser mener par l’enfant ? D’attendre qu’il soit prêt ? D’attendre qu’il demande lui-même à goûter autre chose que le lait ? De le laisser découvrir les solides à son rythme, selon son goût, dans les quantités qu’il souhaite et dans les textures qu’il préfère ? C’est ce que propose le mouvement pour une Diversification menée par l’enfant ( dme ), qui prend de l’ampleur dans les pays anglo-saxons et commence à se répandre aussi en France.
Au menu des albums
Authors: Turin Joëlle
Published: April 2023

La nourriture et les repas, les plaisirs ou les déplaisirs qui vont avec, les rituels et les relations qui en découlent, occupent une place centrale dans la vie quotidienne. Quand les albums s’en emparent, ils les chargent de sens, de symboles, en font un langage, en donnent des représentations multiples. Ils ouvrent alors pour les jeunes lecteurs une infinité de possibles, des espaces où ils vont pouvoir s’aventurer, se questionner, se connaître mieux et découvrir les autres, s’amuser, rêver.
Des femmes non mères volontaires ( childfree ) à la lumière de l’histoire personnelle et du lien social contemporain
Authors: Sidiropoulou Maria , Canellopoulos Lissy , Koliouli Flora , Arkouli Dora
Published: April 2023

La présente recherche vise à explorer l’expérience de l’absence de maternité volontaire et le sens subjectif qui lui est attribué. L’échantillon était composé de cinq femmes grecques qui se définissent comme non mères par choix (deux d’âge adulte émergent et trois d’âge moyen). Nos résultats mettent en valeur le sens donné par chacune des cinq femmes au concept de choix dans le cas de la non-maternité, à la coexistence de l’amour pour les enfants avec le rejet de la maternité, aux pratiques parentales dissuasives de la maternité, aux constructions de la non-maternité par choix et de la féminité, à la féminité en tant qu’harmonie avec soi-même ,et enfin à la maternité en tant qu’impératif social.