bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge and Management Practices Against Malaria in Isulo Community, Orumba South L.G.A Anambra State, Nigeria.
Authors: Onyido, A.E  , Ughaelu, C.A  , Irikannu, K.C  , Umeanaeto, P.U  , Iwueze M.O  , Ezeani, A.C  , Okafor E.N
Published: February 2022

A study to determine the knowledge of, and management practices against malaria among thepeople of Isulo community in Orumba South Local Government Area of Anambra State, Nigeria, wascarried out between April and June 2014. Structured questionnaires were issued to 500 individuals in thecommunity. Personal data including age, sex, educational status, marital status and occupation werecollected with the questionnaire. Educational attainment of the participants were Primary education100(20.0%), Secondary education 60(12.0%), tertiary education 45(9.0%), and non-formal education250(50.0%). All the respondents, 500(100%), were aware of the malaria disease. All the respondents,500(100%) mentioned body weakness, headache and fever as the common symptoms of alaria.480(96.0%) respondents attributed malaria to mosquito bites, 290(58.0%) attributed it to consumption oftoo much of oil, 320(64.0%) attributed it to drinking dirty water. On protective measures against mosquitobites, 500(100%) reported putting of nets on the windows and doors and 485(97.0%) believed on sprayinginsecticide inside houses and sleeping under insecticide-treated nets could prevent mosquito bites. Most ofthe respondents 490(98.0%) believed that malaria needs to be treated while 10(2.0%) said that it was adisease that heals on its own without treatment. Malaria treatment methods of the people included visit tohealth centres or hospital 410(82.0%), buying drugs from chemist shops 195(39.5%), visiting prayer andhealing homes 170(34.0%), use of herbs 415(83.0%), avoidance of oily foods 325(69.0%), self-medication165(33.0%) and no treatment 30(6.0%). There is need to empower them with information about the causesof malaria and proper management practices.
Redressal of Consumer Grievances: A Case Study of State Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission, Chandigarh
Authors: Sukhdeep  , Gill Rajbans Singh
Published: February 2022

Our society has, essentially, been dynamic though its speed of dynamism is found to be varying between that of the bullock-carts to that of the space travel. Man, being a social and rational animal has ever tried to improve upon everything he laid hands on or anything he had invented or discovered.1 His special faculty to thoughtfulness has always been inspiring to channelize all his energies to reach a destination of perfection in life. The inherent virtues of interaction and interdependence of the human beings2 are taken to be the symbol of dynamism of a civilization. The existing commercialization of every sphere of life gives much more prominence to the most subtle and indispensable interaction between the trader and the consumer. Consumer is all of us and all of us are consumers. Guided, instinctively, by the stomach,3 we are first the consumers and later the producers. And consumers we remain forever, not merely from cradle to grave, but even beyond these two extremes of our physical existence while producers we remain for a comparatively shorter period of our full life cycle. The simplest sharing of one’s surplus produce in

1 Anoop K. Kaushal, (2005), Medical Negligence and Legal Remedies, Universal Law Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., Delhi, pp. 2-3. 2 Justice Rama Jois, (2000), Seeds of Modern Public Laws in Ancient Indian Jurisprudence and Human Right, Bhartiya Values, Lucknow, p. 1. 3 A very nice Conclusion of Swami Vivekanand Ji.

exchange for the reciprocated surpluses of different commodities of use, produced by others, was the origin proper of the Barter trade which is as old the society itself.4
Attitudes Shape and Sustain Achievement
Authors: Subramanian K. R.
Published: February 2022

Business environment is dynamic and organizations cope with these changes in different ways depending on their products and market requirements. More and more organizations today are driven by the profit orientation, rightly so, and organizational achievement is measured in terms of returns to shareholders and stake holder interests. Whereas the stated objectives of non-profits are laudable what baffles one is the attitude and orientation of these organizations and people working for them. One can easily understand that the orientations of organizations differ with respect to their objectives. But there is one constant factor in all these. That is, the attitude, that drives achievement orientation. But it is difficult to sustain attitudes because of the environmental changes in culture and social acceptance factors. This paper explores the role of attitudes in sustaining achievement orientation that will propel organizations to growth. An incisive analysis of successful organizations reveal their constant attitude towards a welfare organization has propelled them to a position of prominence. This research paper will explore the kinds of Employer/Employee attitudes that will propel future organizations to growth and sustenance.
A Case Study on Importance of Tourism Policy in Promotion of Tourism with Reference to Maharashtra Tourism Policy
Authors: Kale Geetanjali
Published: February 2022

Tourism is fast growing industry with creating a billion job opportunities every year. Government is making the tourism policies for the development of the destination, their upkeep and maintenance. Policies implemented well help the tourism industry to achieve the better result. Tourism creates direct and indirect job opportunities and opens the various segments for revenue generation. Foreign exchange is important for any country to make the economy stronger; tourism is one of the service industries which support in economic development. Proper evaluation of the policy after certain period shared with the service provider and proper data management system for the same can help all the tourism support industry to improve on the services to achieve the great tourist satisfaction.
Java Agent Development Framework
Authors: Gautam Harsh , Sharma Mohit , Yadav Deepak
Published: February 2022

Java Agent Development Framework (JADE) is a software in JAVA, which is used for the development of agents, implemented in JAVA. It is a distributed agents platform, which has a container for each host where we run the agents. Additionally the platform has various debugging tools, mobility of code and content agents, the possibility of parallel execution of the behavior of agents, as well as support for the definition of languages and ontologies. In this paper, we will be having a detailed study on the functioning of JADE and we will put forward our conclusions on how its functioning can be enhanced.
Computing Capabilities of Crystals
Authors: Demidov Aleksey A.
Published: February 2022

The work is devoted to investigation from the standpoint of quantum physics the possibility of using the scattering of a beam of light on crystals for calculations. There is proposed a model of computation, corresponding the transformation of the light beam as it passes through the crystal, and provided the necessary formulas for the calculation of the model. It is necessary to emphasize the abstract nature of the research, which is aimed at creation of the theoretical basis for further study of the produced algebraic structures, rather than the construction of a real device – a quantum computer or the like. The work carried out by the program of creation of algebraic computer.
Image Search Engine Using SIFT Algorithm
Authors: Parag Joshi , Mihir Panse , Prakash Shinde Saiprasad , Omkar Vaidya
Published: February 2022

The approach of SIFT feature detection taken in our implementation is similar with the one taken by Lowe, which is used for object recognition. According to Lowe’s work, the invariant features extracted from images can be used to perform reliable matching between different views of an object or scene. The features can be different from image rotation and scale and robust across a substantial range of various distortion, addition of various other colors ,and change in actual view of the image .The approach is efficient on feature extraction and has the ability to identify large numbers of features .In short changes image has will not be mind by our process in order to match the image where basically images are going to be matched using Histogram and RGB values of the image present in the Database of Admin i.e Search Engine itself and the image asked by the User to searched.
Stock Tracking and Analysis for Personalized Trading Advice Using Adaptive User Interface
Authors: Aage Preeti , Pawar Mayur , Sarang Sayali , Patil Rakhi
Published: February 2022

The Stock Tracker is an adaptive recommendation system for trading stocks that automatically acquires content based models of user preferences to tailor its buy and sell advice. The system incorporates an efficient algorithm that exploits the fixed structure of user models and relies on unobtrusive data-gathering techniques. In this paper, we describe our approach to personalized recommendation and its implementation in this domain. We also discuss experiments that evaluate the system's behaviour on both human subjects and synthetic users. The results suggest that the Stock Tracker can rapidly adapt its advice to different types of users.
Retrieval of Images Using SVM
Authors: Shiral J. V. , Burman Munmun , Bhadbhade Apurva , Patil Dhanashree , Motghare Kajal , Wanjari Neha
Published: February 2022

Image retrieval is a technique which is used to search and retrieve images from a large database of digital images. Content-based image retrieval (CBIR) is a technique which allows searching images from large scale image database based on contents as needed by user.This paper introduces a technique to retrieve images by classifying it on the basis of the features and characteristics it contains using Support Vector Machine (SVM). The dataset of images is created which is used for feature matching purpose by SVM to find similar images from the database and based on user requirements images are retrieved.
Mouse Control Using Head Movement
Authors: Ashtankar Hemraj , Nagrale Praful , Timande Yogesh , Mandwi Indu
Published: February 2022

This system can be adapted accurately for detecting facial features. It is a free line up that allows you to control the pointer of the mouse on a processor with the help of head movements. The movements of head are liberated clicking with the help of mouse pointer abide over a spot on the screen. This is application which is helpful for the people who are disabled. The foremost spectators for this program are people who do not have committed control of a hand but who can only move their head. Citizens with, Spinal Cerebral Palsy, ALS (Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis), Muscular Atrophy, Traumatic Brain Injury, Multiple Sclerosis, various neurological disorders use this program and its predecessor to run all types of processor software.
Imaging Technologies in Breast Cancer Screening Beyond Mammography
Authors: Singh Shamy , Dheeba J.
Published: February 2022

Still there is a passionate debate in medical world about the best screening method for Breast Cancer. Early detection is an effective way to diagnose and manage breast cancer. Mammography is the most widely used screening modality, with solid evidence of benefit for women aged 40 to 74 years. Even then it has also undergone increased scrutiny for False-Positives with additional testing which increase radiation dose, cost and anxiety. False-Negatives with false sense of security and potential delay in cancer diagnosis. To overcome these challenges, new imaging technologies for breast cancer screening have been developed, including; X- ray Mammography, Contrast Enhanced Mammography, Digital Mammography, Ultrasound, Automated Whole Breast Ultrasound (AWBU), and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) are being evaluated. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of different medical imaging techniques used in thediagnosis of breast cancer. We compare their effectiveness, advantages, and disadvantages for detecting early-stage breast cancer. We mainly focusing on the comparison of these technologies with mammography for the diagnosis of breast cancer. Here we recommend early detection of Breast Cancer. Even though the optimal screening will ultimately require a personalized approach. It based on the metrics of cancer risk with selective application of specific screening technologies best suited to the individual’s age, risk, and breast density.
Review on Face Detection and Recognition Technology Based on Neural Network
Authors: Yadav Abhishek , Mahajan Sachin
Published: February 2022

In this paper, feature extraction and facial recognition are studied in order to resolve problems like highdimension problem, small size samples and no-linear separable problem that exist in facial recognition technology. In the part of feature extraction we use a HGPP algorithm, to extract the input features in building a face recognition system. The neural network, which represents brilliant performance on small training sets, non-linear separable and high-dimension pattern recognition problems in the recognition stage, is used for pattern classification. The proposed approach is validated with the ORL database. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of this method in the performance of face recognition.
Topological Effects and Performance of Dabbawala Graph Model: A Study
Authors: Vaidhyanathan P. , Selvi Vaidhyanathan V. Thamarai
Published: February 2022

Graph theory is widely applied in Engineering, Computer Science and Business studies. The aim of this research is to throw light on how graph theory could be applied in common real world problems.  One such problem that is considered to address in this paper is the working pattern of Dabbawala in Mumbai. The purpose of the paper is two-fold: to propose an innovative model graph model  and to attest the proposed graph model in relevance to existing theorems by procuring diversity of results.
Earthquake Signature Detection Using Cubesat Technology
Authors: Nayyar Shivang , Kumar Sandeep , Suhag Vikas
Published: February 2022

Cubesats play a vital role in development of new micro components being used in various micro/nano satellites. Cubesats have an effective small design and have the ability to get modified easily. Quakesat, a satellite being deployed by Space Systems Development Laboratory (SSDL) is used to study, detect, record, and downlink extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic signals, which are used to predict earthquake activity. Quakesat is a live example of cubesat technology, uses non space application components and provides a low cost alternative to launch space missions and support nano satellite infrastructure in future.
Optical Fibre Sensors and Methods
Authors: Munjal Manish , Grewal Amit , Yadav Harsh
Published: February 2022

This research paper is about a multi-mode fibre optic sensor for optically sensing a physical perturbation including a multi- mode optical fibre segment which accepts coherent monochromatic radiation from a suitable source. As the radiation is propagated in the fibre, the various modes form a complex interference pattern which changes in response to a physical perturbation of the fibre. A detector provides an output signal to a signal processor which analyzes the signal as a function of the change in intensity to provide an information signal functionally related to the perturbation.
Traffic Light Signal System Using Radar-Based Target Detection and Tracking
Authors: Munjal Manish , Grewal Amit , Gogna Karan
Published: February 2022

A novel system and method of integrating an RF emissions device, such as aradar system (103A), within a traffic control indicator (101) system. The system and method determines, using LFM-CW radar signals (201) and a multistage spectral processing algorithm (600), if one or more object/vehicle targets will enter an intersection and comprises  receiving a radar echo response (203) indicating the object/vehicle target (104) is approaching the intersection, receiving range and velocity of the object/vehicle targets (104), and based on the receiving, determining if the object/vehicle target (104) will enter the intersection. The system and method can programmatically be configured to activate red-light-hold, green-light-extension, or left-turnwarning.
Secure Communications Over Wireless Broadcast Networks
Authors: Singh Vikram , Ramola Jaspal
Published: February 2022

Wireless telecommunications is the transfer of information between two or more points that are not physically connected. Distances can be short, such as a few meters for television remote control, or as far as thousands or even millions of kilometers for deep-space radio communications. In this paper wireless broadcast network model(WBN) with secrecy constraints is investigated, in which a source node broadcasts confidential message flows to user nodes, with each message intended to be decoded accurately by one user and to be kept secret from all other users. In the existing system we developed, and implemented a compromised router detection protocol (DP) that dynamically infers, based on measured traffic rates and buffer sizes, the number of congestive packet losses (CPL) that will occur. Each and every packet is encrypted so that to prevent the data from eavesdropping. So the data is much secured.
Rotor Flux Estimation of Induction Motor Using Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Kumar V. Sanjay , Balaga Harish
Published: February 2022

Rotor flux measurement is needed for the control of induction motor by methods like field oriented control. But it is difficult tomeasure rotor flux in induction motors. Hence rotor flux is estimated by using neural networks in this paper. Rotor flux is simulated using model equations of induction motor and is compared with output of neural network.
Magneto Hydrodynamic Generator
Authors: Parsodkar Rahul Rameshrao
Published: February 2022

Energy provides the power to progress. The natural resources of a country may be large but they can only be turned into wealth if they are developed, used and exchanged for other goods. This cannot be achieved without energy. Availability of sufficient energy and its proper use in any country can result in its people rising from subsistence level to the highest standards of living. It is interesting to note that more than half the population lives in Asia where the energy consumption is barely 8-10 % of the world’s total. (More than half the world’s primary energy consumed in North America and Western Europe.) Apart from the conventional energy sources of production of electricity which are Hydro, Thermal, and Nuclear, technological advances in progress for generation of electricity by direct means, i.e., without rotating parts such as ‘Magneto Hydro Dynamics (MHD)’. Direct conversion of heat into electrical energy by means of MHD converters has not yet made its technological break-through though Magneto Hydro Dynamic generators are being actively examined in laboratories throughout the world. In India considerable studies have been carried out in this field by a team of scientist under the National Council of Science and Technology (NCST). It has been proposed to evolve a pilot MHD generation plant during the next few years in the country. The basic principle of MHD generation is the same as that of a conventional electrical generator, namely that the motion of a conductor through a magnetic field induces a voltage in the conductor. In MHD method gasses at high temperature are passed at high velocity through a magnetic field at right angles to the direction of flow and electricity is collected at stationary electrodes placed on opposite sides of the channel. This type of generation would greatly simplify the equipment and is likely to be developed in the next two decades.
Design and Implementation of 2D-DCT by Using Arai Algorithm for Image Compression
Authors: Kumbhare Pratiksha R. , Gokhale U. M.
Published: February 2022

Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) exploits cosine functions; it transforms a signal from spatial representation into frequency domain. It is one of the most widely used techniques for the compression of the image. The main goal of image compression using DCT is the reduction or elimination of redundancy in data representation in order to achieve reduction in storage and communication cost. In this work, we proposed the low complexity architecture for the computation of an algebraic integer (AI) based 8-point DCT. The proposed approach is fast and provides low complexity.
GPS and GSM Based Accident Location Indicator and Rescue System
Authors: Poobalan P. , Naresh N. , Rajesh G. , Maheswaran B. , Vinod Aswin
Published: February 2022

Traffic congestion and tidal flow management were recognized as major problems in modern urban areas, which have caused much crossing for the ambulance. Morethan road accidents in the city have been incessant and to bar the loss of life due to the accidents is even more crucial. To implement this we introduce a scheme called AARS (Automatic ambulance rescuable system). The main theme after this scheme is to provide a smooth flow for the ambulance to reach the hospitals in time and thus minifying the expiration. The idea after this scheme is to implementable an IT’s which would control mechanically the traffic lights in the path of the ambulance. The ambulance is controlled by the central unit which furnishes the most scant route to the ambulance and also controls the traffic light according to the ambulance location and thus reaching the hospital safely. The server also decides the location of the accident spot through the sensor systems in the vehicle which encountered the accident and thus the server walks through the ambulance to the spot. This scheme is fully automated hence it finds the accident spot, controls the traffic lights, serving to reach the hospital in time.
Implementation of High Speed Operating FIR Filter with DA Algorithm Comparing Results with MAC Algorithm and Simple FIR Filter Result
Authors: Jain Ekta H. , Bhoyar Chandu N.
Published: February 2022

Recent years there has been a increasing trend to implement digital signal processing functions in Field ProgrammableGate Array (FPGA). therefor, we need to put great effort in designing efficient architectures for digital signal processing functionssuch as FIR filters, which are widely used in audio and video signal processing, telecommunications etc. We are going to present amethod for implementing high speed Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filters using MAC (MULTIPLY AND ACCUMULATE) andDistributed Arithmetic (DA) method. MAC is a conventional FIR filter In these method adders, multipliers and delay elements areused. Distributed Arithmetic (DA) has been used to implement a bit-serial scheme of a general symmetric version of an FIR filter dueto its high stability and linearity by taking optimal advantage of the look-up table (LUT) based structure of FPGAs. The performanceof the DA technique for FIR filter design is analyzed and the results are compared to the MAC design technique.
Optical Fiber Communication Evolution,Technology and Future Trends
Authors: Dasari Anusha
Published: February 2022

Fiber optic systems are important telecommunication infrastructure for world-wide broadband networks. Wide bandwidth signal transmission with low delay is a key requirement in present day applications. Optical fibers provide enormous and unsurpassedtransmission bandwidth with negligible latency, and are now the transmission medium of choice for long distance and high data ratetransmission in telecommunication networks. This paper gives an overview of fiber optic communication systems including their keytechnologies, and also discusses their technological trend towards the next generation.
Teaching Frequency Modulation to Undergraduate Electrical and Electronics Engineering Students Using MATLAB/SIMULINK
Authors: Qader Mohamed S. M. R. , Qader M. R.
Published: February 2022

Teaching scientific concepts to undergraduate students is quite difficult sometimes especially when lots of mathematical terms are involved in the teaching process. Frequency modulation is one of these concepts. With the aid of MATLAB/SIMULINK toolbox it becomes much easier to realize this concept (FM Modulation) whether in time domain or in frequency domain. In doing so, the students will grasp the concept of Frequency Modulation faster and easier. The present paper tackles the task of explaining the FM modulation concept in a simple and straightforward way. That is done by using MATLAB/SIMULINK tool box in both possible domains: time domain and frequency domain. The simulation results obtained by such simple system is validated by a counterpart experimental investigation. Quite satisfactory agreements are reached when comparing the simulation results with that of practical counterpart.
A Versatile General Multiplier Divider Cell by Using Operational Trans-Resistance Amplifiers
Authors: Khachab Nabil I. , Cherri Abdallah , Hayssam Ahmad
Published: February 2022

In this paper, we present the design of a versatile general multiplier-divider cell by using the Operational Trans-resistance Amplifier (OTRA) and MOSFETs operating in the linear region. The design and the basic operation of this block is verified. Other operations can also be realized by simply choosing the inputs of the signals at the different terminals. These operations include square root operation, scalar vector multiplier and modulation to name a few. The new cell is reconfigurable and can be programmed by DC voltages. The resulting circuits are simulated by 0.18 m CMOS process through PSPICE. These simulation results verify the versatile operation of this cell.
Influence of Human Resource Management on Academic Performance of Trainees in Public Primary Teacher Training Colleges in Kenya
Authors: Edabu Paul , Wagithunu Margaret Nyambura , Sinan Ganatusanga Haroon
Published: February 2022

Importance of human resource management on academic performance of teacher-trainees in teacher training colleges cannot be over-emphasized. However, academic performance of teacher-trainees has been dismal and continues to be on a downward trend. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of human resource management on academic performance of trainees in public primary teacher training colleges in Kenya. The study was guided by the human capital theory. The study adopted mixed methods approach and thus applied concurrent triangulation research design. Qualitative data were analyzed thematically along the objectives and presented in narrative forms, whereas quantitative data was analyzed descriptively and inferentially using Chi-Square test. The study established that human resource management does effectively influence teacher trainees’ academic performance in public TTCs in Kenya. The study concludes that though the human resources are important, but were in adequate to influence on trainees’ academic performance in public PTTCs in Kenya. Improvement on human resource management shall greatly improve trainees’ academic performance in PTTCs in Kenya. The study recommends that PTTCs should have enough, adequate human resources.
Choosing Proper Relationship Between Teacher and Students: Interpersonal, Contractual and Pedagogical Relationship
Authors: Abun Damianus , Magallanes Theogenia
Published: February 2022

Choosing proper relationship is an important matter to be considered particularly in the school setting. Education is intellectual and character and spiritual formation. All kinds of relationship must be tailored toward such aim. The relationship between teachers and students must help the students grow intellectually and spiritually or morally. Based on my presentation, the nature of the relationship between teachers and students must be pedagogical in nature, asymmetrical relationship or between the unequal. The teacher is there to help the students learn and grow intellectually and spiritually.
Effects of Traditional and Alternative Routes of Teacher Certification on Student Achievement
Authors: Hegwood Jenita Carroll
Published: February 2022

The demand for accountability over the past decades has altered the landscape of educational success determinants.  However, even before the beginning of the advocacy for accountability, various studies were focused on ways of improving test scores.  The implementation of the No Child Left Behind Act has forced schools and institutions to look at programs to ensure the success and accountability of students at the elementary and high school level.  Supporters of the No Child Left Behind Act believe the emphasis on test results will improve the academic success for all students (White, n.d.).  Students are now tested every year to determine their progress from year to year.  This helps parents, school leaders, and teachers measure teacher growth and student learning.  This new assessment system in schools has resulted in teachers having to pay more attention to the requirements of a test and student achievement.  States are now forced to produce effective and highly qualified teachers.  One of the most critical factors affecting student achievement is the teacher.  An effective teacher helps students outperform those students who are not served by an effective teacher (No Child Left Behind Toolkit for Teachers, 2004).
Changing Pattern of wetlands
Authors: Pokhrel Puspa Lal
Published: February 2022

The climate of Damak was unhealthy until 1965 A.D. The D. D.T. spray program started here only since 1963. Before 1963 Damak was a home of malaria. This area was dreadful due to the wide due to the wide-presence of poisonous creatures like cobras, Karent (Bungarus lividus), and scorpions. There were a lot of oxbow lake, marshes, quicksand, Holies and swamps inside the tick and dense forests of Damak. It used to be a very difficult situation to the local cowboys to rescue the new foot travelers from hill areas who plunged into the marshes. But Damak, these days, has lost its past physical landscape. The people who visited Damak in the 1960's and 1970's can hardly recognize present Damak. The actual identify of Damak still are the marshes and wetland areas. The name " Damak" itself is derived from the word "Daldal" which means "marshes" in English. In Dhimal language, " Damdam" means "Daldal" meaning " marshy". So from " Damdam" the name " Damak" was derived. This land is hard to plough as it is marshy. The paddy is planted only after digging the field with a spade. So the meaning of Damak reflects "shiny bright". As we step on one part at marshy land (Damdam place), the other part produces shiny fountains. With references to legends and proofs, Damak can be said to have been a marshy area before 1960.
Trichomonas Vaginalis Infection Among Students of University of Port Harcourt
Authors: N. Eze Chinwe , Okwuchi Edwin Queen
Published: February 2022

Trichomonas vaginalis is one of the most common curable sexually transmitted disease. Untreated Trichomoniasis in women can cause cervicitis, vaginites and pelvic inflammatory disease. Trichomonas vaginalisis contributes to high risk of cervical cancer in women and HIV in men. This is an institutional based cross- sectional descriptive study conducted among two hundred (200) female students of Delta Hostels, University of Port Harcourt. High vaginal swabs (HVS) and urine samples were collected from consented students and examined for the presence of T. vaginalis under the microscope. A total of 32(16%) were infected and results obtained from HVS showed a prevalence of 32% compared to urine microscopy which no positive sample was detected. Students between the age group 15-25yrs had the highest prevalence of infection 31(17.2%) while the age group 26-35 years had 1(5%). However, the difference was statistically significant. Based on marital status all were single and had 32(16%) prevalence. This study observed a high prevalence of T. Vaginalis and its symptoms among the study population. The study also noted that high vaginal swab microscopy showed better detection sensitivity compared to urine microscopy. The best option for prevention and control is to educate students on personal hygiene and safe sex practice.
Improved V.C.R. System by Using Sub-Cooling and Diffuser
Authors: Narwal Amit , Kumar Sarvesh , Verma Rishabh , Kumar Ravi
Published: February 2022

This paper aims to improve coefficient of performance of system. To improve the coefficient of performance, it should be noted that compressor work should decrease and refrigerating effect should increase. Modifications in condenser are meant to increase degree of sub-cooling of refrigerant which increased refrigerating effect or more cooling water is required in condenser. The purpose of a compressor in vapour compression system is to elevate the pressure of the refrigerant, but refrigerant leaves the compressor with comparatively high velocity which may cause splashing of liquid refrigerant in the condenser tube, liquid hump and damage to condenser by erosion. It is needed to convert this kinetic energy to pressure energy by using diffuser. By using diffuser power consumption is less for same refrigerating effect so performance is improved.
Design Methodologies for Steel Structures in Seismic Regions
Authors: Rajora Rohit Kumar , Lamba Rishabh , Chaudhary Vishal , Rohit  , Dhyani Ashish
Published: February 2022

This paper is an insight into the recent developments in the design methodologies in seismic design of steel structures. Recent damage throughout the world due to earthquakes have led to the conclusion that the inherent seismic resistance of steelStructures should not be taken for granted. Due to increasing number calamities occurring due to earthquakes per year, new advancements has to be made in the design procedures and material control measures as well as welding practice. We will look into the solutions such as displacementbased design and Assessment procedures alongside the generalization of limit state concepts into a performancebased Design framework. In this paper, recent findings on the material, section, member and sub assemblageLevels are reviewed and possible code applications are highlighted. However our main concern will be moderate seismic zones.
Study on Performance of Infill Wall Masnory RCC Frame Using Alternative Types of Bricks – A Review
Authors: Joravia Dhawal H. , Parikh Kaushal B.
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this literature review is to study the reduction of base shear and behavior of masonry in seismic loading and the evolution of interlocking brick methodologies and their different shapes. And also study Arrangement of infill walls with RCC frame in plan and elevation and base shear analysis using SAP2000 software. The study includes use of polymer material as make of polymer brick and study of availability of recyclable polymer material.
Reversible Substation in DC Traction
Authors: Sharma Priya
Published: February 2022

In order to improve the green foot prints and also reduce the operational costs, it is currently standard practice to fit the Rolling stock of Metros railway units with regenerative dynamic braking systems. Thus, energy generated by a braking train can be reused by other accelerating trains. The excess energy is inverted back to the system for use in auxiliary power requirement like lighting lifts, escalator ect in stations. To capture the regenerative energy the popular technology in use are Energy Storage Systems (Batteries, Super capacitors and Fly wheel) and Inverters. For the urban metro rail using DC traction recently a new technology has been used which is known as the “Reversible Electric Sub Stations”. This improves the line receptivity of the DC systems by transferring the excess energy to the AC side. This new technology will make it possible to send that part of the braking energy that is usually burnt in resistors, back into the grid. That is by making the electric substation “reversible”, meaning that they can also operate in the reverse, feeding energy from the braking trains back to the grid. The main benefit is 99% of the regenerated energy is used and the braking resisters in the Rolling stock can be removed, which will in turn reduce the train mass and heat generated.
Design and Fabrication of Epicyclic Internal Gear Pump
Authors: Pawar Omkar S. , Suryavanshi Sushil C. , Khamkar Suyog B. , Shinde Paresh D. , Raut A. S.
Published: February 2022

This paper gives outlines Epicyclic internal gear pump where one sun gear is meshed with three planet gears to achieve variable discharge rate as per requirement. This paper describes techniques for the design, construction, and testing of a Epicyclic internal gear pump. In many applications it is required to drive the actuators hydraulic cylinder or hydraulic motors at variable speed. This is only possible by variable discharge from a variable displacement pump (this pump has very high cost approx Rs.90000/-) so it is not possible to use it. One method employed is to use a pump of higher discharge capacity. But higher capacity means higher cost and higher power consumption. Hence there is need of special pump system at low cost so that the requirement of variable discharge ismet easily without much cost and set up.
Performance Tests and Design Outputs of Diesel Forklifts
Authors: Çetin Halil
Published: February 2022

In order to improve the characteristics of the 3000 kg capacity diesel forklifts we are working on, KFD30 Forklift was developed with the aim of increasing performance. After the design and dengeassembly stages of this prototype model, stability tests and performance tests were performed in accordance with TSE ISO Standards. In order to find the maximum performance outputs of the diesel forklift we developed, the test results were taken into consideration and adaptations were made on our prototype model. Surface slopes and velocities that our model could work with and without load were determined. The center of gravity of our model was found to ensure that the load center does not go outside the balance triangle during operation. It is very important that the test results also confirm our original values.
Impact of Urbanization on ‘Horh’ People and Rosion of Majhi- Pargana ,Hunting and Tribal Medicine in Shikar Dishom
Authors: Mahali Samu
Published: February 2022

The article deals with the study of changes of Socio-Economic and cultural activities of ‘Horh’ (Santhal and other Tribes) as a result of rapid urbanization. It encompasses an extensive survey of the tribes’ dwelling places in urban, fringe and the rural settlements. The salient features include exploration of the physical and cultural background in the case study area. Composition of tribal families in 1951, Horh population growth rate during 1931 to 2001, Urban to Rural Tribal population ratio, the proportion of Horh people affected by urbanization in the study villages i.e. change of their tradition and culture after the urbanization etc. Major findings include:  Perceptible changes occurred in Socio cultural system of Horh like Majhi-Pargana system and Tribal Medicine etc. Urbanization and urban development are seen in Paschimanchal (W.B),Jamsedpur(Jharkhand) and Mayurbhang(Odisha) area i.e Shikar Desom of Horh people in India. The process of population growth in the urban area along with the commercial, industrial and transport preferment have favored the recent urban development throughout the areas. These have been accelerated with the overwhelming growth of population in urban areas through migration at acceleration and natural growth. These have given rise to systems of central places, problems of slums and squatter settlements besides enhancing the linkages of industrial centers thereby increasing the entropy of urban places. All these have forced the Governments to think about change in the urban policies, population policies and planning prospects. In Shikar Dishom Living standard, Educational and Economic condition had changed, they stand developed in all aspects but as a trade-off lost their socio-cultural composition a great deal. They must continue their positive traditional cultures and social traits to avoid the extinction in the long run from the memory of the future generations. It is possible only by the awareness to them. Aboriginal culture has many important things, which need to be preserved and have to continue as Indian culture in the context of sustaining beautiful diversity of Indian culture landscape.
Conceptualization and Scope of Emergent Drugs in Full Progression in this Century
Authors: Barrabeitg Gabriel Lajús
Published: February 2022

The world of the drugs is in constant growth and transformation. They incorporate to those that have existed from remote times, more and new, but even more dangerous and more addictive, and simultaneously multiple and new concepts are formulated that hinder its demarcation and learning. Objectives: To debate the precision of the main concepts on emergent or equivalent drugs, emitted in the last 10 years and, to contain novel aspects of the reach. Material and methods: It was made during the first semester of 2017, in Havana, Cuba, an orderly revision of information related with the concepts on emergent drugs and their reach, by means of electronic searches in libraries of magazines national doctors and indexed foreigners, as well as in texts, in the last 10 years. Development: When subjecting to the analysis these concepts, it was appreciated that they were restricted and imprecise that didn't pay to the prevention and that could generate until confusion. One kept in mind the reach of the novelty of these substances, and when paying attention to the great quantity of compounds that were not contemplated in precedent definitions, it was emitted, for the author with integrative premeditation, one new. onclusions: Drugs growth that circulate in this Century has been so dynamic, enormous, precipitate and excessively quickly, diverse for origin, composition and geographical unequal distribution that have been hindered its conceptualization, where the new, its reach, turns drugs riskier and unknowns, also invasive and additives, that allowed to contribute a comprehensive as a new whole concept.
Effect of Screen Exposure is Linked to Weight Gain in Females
Authors: Awasthi Shrini , Sharma Swati
Published: February 2022

Obesity is slowly becoming a grave health concern. There are many reasons for weight gain in different age groups some of which are – physical inactivity, improper diet, stress, hectic schedule, improper or inadequate sleep, smoking, excess intake of tea and coffee, hormonal imbalances, cardiac issues, blood pressure, blood sugar imbalances etc. One very important factor that is contributing to rise of obesity nowadays is the increased use of gadgets like television, smart phone, tablet, laptop etc.
Professional Competences of the Radiographer: A Challenge for the Healthcare System in Bulgaria
Authors: Yordanova Mariana Zhivkova
Published: February 2022

The competence approach applied in the education of radiographers in Bulgaria is a result of the common concept of the educational results already adopted in most developed countries in the form of professional competences viewed as “human capital indicator”. Constant changes in the conditions and the technological development in healthcare lead to the necessity to adopt new competences which correspond to the requirements and needs of the healthcare system. The term professional competence most often is associated with the presence of quality characteristics (knowledge and skills) determining the mastering of a certain profession in order to effectively solve specific tasks and issues in real-life professional environment. Modern concepts of professional competence include not only mastering of the fundaments of the chosen profession but also the possible perspectives for own personal improvement, future specialisation, professionalization and realization.
Innovative Nutritional Approach to Attenuate the Progression of HIV to AIDS Among People Living with HIV (PLWH): A Study Based in Abuja, Nigeria
Authors: Amlogu Abraham Mainaji , Tewfik Sundus , Wambebe Charles , Tewfik Ihab
Published: February 2022

The success of recent nutrition interventions in HIV demonstrate the progress made in HIV care and support. The idea to adapt principles and technologies from the TFR concept to the development of a functional recipe to slow the progression of HIV to AIDS proves to be meaningful and realisable in Amtewa meal nutrition intervention approach. Although the achieved results take the form of specific technology, it suggests that a prolong consumption of the intervention meal (Amtewa) will be suitable to sustain the gained improvements in the anthropometric and biochemical indices. The research highlighted crucial issues and identified key design parameters that require further attention and research in developing countries like Nigeria. Overall, it addresses the synergistic relationship between nutrition and HIV infection, the nutritional requirement and nutritional care and support for PLWHIV in Nigeria. While the nutrition intervention demonstrated a positive effect, the study also suggests that the initial visit of a newly diagnosed HIV-positive patient should include screening for nutritional status, identify risks and offer appropriate nutrition counseling which was not in existence but currently has been imbedded as “Nutritional Framework” within the HIV care and support programme in one of the accredited HIV treatment centres in Nigeria. This Nutritional Framework has provided information to PLWHIV on their HIV medication and food interactions and about nutritional screening tools available in the health setting. Finally, the research provides evidence which may be used as a basis for policy makers to incorporate Amtewa meal nutrition intervention in HIV care and support programme in other HIV treatment centres in Nigeria with a view of attenuating the progression of HIV to AIDS amongst PLWHIV in Nigeria.
A Rare Complication of Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt: Gastric Perforation
Authors: Bemora Joseph Synèse , Yu Song Miraulle Tien , Rakotondraibe Willy Francis , Ratovondrainy Willy , Rabarijaona Mamiarisoa , Andriamamonjy Clément
Published: February 2022

We report the case of a girl aged 16 months who were admitted in neurosurgery department of the CHU-JRA in November 2018 for dysfunction of a mechanical type ventriculoperitoneal bypass valve. This child presented a hydrocephalus communicating postmeningitic with quadriventricular dilatation since her 7th month. A ventriculoperitoneal shunt has been established. Subsequently, there was an externalization like complication of the distal catheter in the oral cavity due to gastric perforation (confirmed by radiography) at 09 months postoperative. She was operated in emergency to remove the system and replace a shunt with a simple operation.
Lip Reduction Plasty: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Ozinko O. , Otei Otei O. , Isiwele Egi , Ekpo Rijami G.
Published: February 2022

Lip reduction is a plastic surgery procedure that enhances facial appearance by reducing the volume of   lower, upper or both lips. This procedure finds its usefulness in the present day lip reduction plasty as a form of cosmetic surgery. We present a 28-year- old female who complained of broad lips with a portion of red (wet) vermilion exposed when the mouth was closed. We present this rare aesthetic surgical procedure in our hospital and also a search of relevant literature.

Level of Evidence: level 1V