bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Apps With Maps—Anxiety and Depression Mobile Apps With Evidence-Based Frameworks: Systematic Search of Major App Stores
Authors: Marshall Jamie M , Dunstan Debra A , Bartik Warren
Published: June 2020

Background

Mobile mental health apps have become ubiquitous tools to assist people in managing symptoms of anxiety and depression. However, due to the lack of research and expert input that has accompanied the development of most apps, concerns have been raised by clinicians, researchers, and government authorities about their efficacy.

Objective

This review aimed to estimate the proportion of mental health apps offering comprehensive therapeutic treatments for anxiety and/or depression available in the app stores that have been developed using evidence-based frameworks. It also aimed to estimate the proportions of specific frameworks being used in an effort to understand which frameworks are having the most influence on app developers in this area.

Methods

A systematic review of the Apple App Store and Google Play store was performed to identify apps offering comprehensive therapeutic interventions that targeted anxiety and/or depression. The PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) checklist was adapted to guide this approach.

Results

Of the 293 apps shortlisted as offering a therapeutic treatment for anxiety and/or depression, 162 (55.3%) mentioned an evidence-based framework in their app store descriptions. Of the 293 apps, 88 (30.0%) claimed to use cognitive behavioral therapy techniques, 46 (15.7%) claimed to use mindfulness, 27 (9.2%) claimed to use positive psychology, 10 (3.4%) claimed to use dialectical behavior therapy, 5 (1.7%) claimed to use acceptance and commitment therapy, and 20 (6.8%) claimed to use other techniques. Of the 162 apps that claimed to use a theoretical framework, only 10 (6.2%) had published evidence for their efficacy.

Conclusions

The current proportion of apps developed using evidence-based frameworks is unacceptably low, and those without tested frameworks may be ineffective, or worse, pose a risk of harm to users. Future research should establish what other factors work in conjunction with evidence-based frameworks to produce efficacious mental health apps.
The Clinical and Cost-Effectiveness of Telerehabilitation for People With Nonspecific Chronic Low Back Pain: Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Fatoye Francis , Gebrye Tadesse , Fatoye Clara , Mbada Chidozie E , Olaoye Mistura I , Odole Adesola C , Dada Olumide
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND

Telerehabilitation can facilitate multidisciplinary management for people with nonspecific chronic low back pain (NCLBP). It provides health care access to individuals who are physically and economically disadvantaged.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and cost-effectiveness of telerehabilitation compared with a clinic-based intervention for people with NCLBP in Nigeria.

METHODS

A cost-utility analysis alongside a randomized controlled trial from a health care perspective was conducted. Patients with NCLBP were assigned to either telerehabilitation-based McKenzie therapy (TBMT) or clinic-based McKenzie therapy (CBMT). Interventions were carried out 3 times weekly for a period of 8 weeks. Patients’ level of disability was measured using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) at baseline, week 4, and week 8. To estimate the health-related quality of life of the patients, the ODI was mapped to the short-form six dimensions instrument to generate quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). Health care resource use and costs were assessed based on the McKenzie extension protocol in Nigeria in 2019. Descriptive and inferential data analyses were also performed to assess the clinical effectiveness of the interventions. Bootstrapping was conducted to generate the point estimate of the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER).

RESULTS

A total of 47 patients (TBMT, n=21 and CBMT, n=26), with a mean age of 47 (SD 11.6) years for telerehabilitation and 50 (SD 10.7) years for the clinic-based intervention, participated in this study. The mean cost estimates of TBMT and CBMT interventions per person were 22,200 naira (US $61.7) and 38,200 naira (US $106), respectively. QALY gained was 0.085 for TBMT and 0.084 for CBMT. The TBMT arm was associated with an additional 0.001 QALY (95% CI 0.001 to 0.002) per participant compared with the CBMT arm. Thus, the ICER showed that the TBMT arm was less costly and more effective than the CBMT arm.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings of the study suggested that telerehabilitation for people with NCLBP was cost saving. Given the small number of participants in this study, further examination of effects and costs of the interventions is needed within a larger sample size. In addition, future studies are required to assess the cost-effectiveness of this intervention in the long term from the patient and societal perspective.
Association of eHealth Literacy With Lifestyle Behaviors in University Students: Questionnaire-Based Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Tsukahara Saki , Yamaguchi Satoshi , Igarashi Futaba , Uruma Reiko , Ikuina Naomi , Iwakura Kaori , Koizumi Keisuke , Sato Yasunori
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND

Maintenance of good health and a healthy lifestyle have significant impacts on the lives of university students. However, university students are prone to engage in risky health behaviors, resulting in impaired health status. Electronic health (eHealth) literacy is an important factor in maintaining a healthy lifestyle. However, no studies have assessed the eHealth literacy levels and the associated lifestyle behaviors among university students in Japan.

OBJECTIVE

The purposes of this study were to clarify the eHealth literacy level, the participant characteristics associated with eHealth literacy, and the association of eHealth literacy with lifestyle behaviors of students in a Japanese university.

METHODS

A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study of 3183 students at a national university in Japan was conducted. eHealth literacy was quantified using the Japanese version of the eHealth Literacy Scale (eHEALS). The association between participant characteristics (gender, school year, department of study, and living status) and eHEALS score was assessed using t tests. Additionally, the associations of eHealth literacy with lifestyle behaviors (exercise, smoking, alcohol consumption, etc.) were evaluated using logistic regression analyses.

RESULTS

The mean eHEALS score was 23.6/40 points. The mean eHEALS score for students in medical departments was 27.0/40 points, which was 2.9 points higher than that of nonmedical students (P<.001). Similarly, the graduate school participants had higher scores than the undergraduate students. The proportion of participants who exercised regularly was higher in the high eHEALS score group than in the low score group, with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.39 (P<.001).

CONCLUSIONS

The eHealth literacy level of university students in Japan was comparable to that of the general Japanese population. Graduate students, as well as those in medical departments, had higher eHealth literacy. Furthermore, students with higher eHealth literacy had better exercise routines.
Perilaku pencarian informasi pekerjaan oleh sarjana fresh graduate dengan analisis Model Wilson
Authors: Nihayati Nihayati , Laksmi Laksmi
Published: June 2020

Introduction. This paper discusses information seeking behavior of university fresh graduate. In fact, many university graduates still face serious difficulties in the job search process based on the  increasingly high unemployment rate.
Data Collection Method. Purposive sampling was used with 10 respondents. Interviews were used as a data collection technique.
Data Analysis. Miles and Huberman data analysis was used in this study reduction, data presentation and conclusion..
Resultsand Discussions. Two barriers in finding information were from psychological factors and interpersonal abilities. New graduates with low psychological and interpersonal skills, such as lack of self-confidence, confusion, inferiority, anxiety, lack of communication show uneffective search results. The situation where information sources are easily accessible supports faster information retrieval and vice versa. Our five informants who lived in the city with easy access support the infomatation seeking process.
Conclusion Factors affecting information seeking behaviour were psychological situations, demographic circumstances, interpersonal abilities, environment and characteristics of information sources. Those five factors influence each other.
Analisis karya tulis ilmiah Pusat Penelitian Geoteknologi LIPI tahun 2010-2018
Authors: Wijaya Didik Prata , Prasetyadi Abdurrakhman
Published: June 2020

Preliminary. Research products in the form of scientific papers (KTI) at the Research Center for Geotechnology-LIPI continue to grow in quality and quantity, so it is necessary to analyze and study the scientific works to reveal the extent to which KTI is contributing to the Research Center for Geotechnology.

Research methods. The research method used is descriptive with the bibliometric approach. Data collection was obtained from annual reports from 2010-2018.

Analysis data. The data that has been collected is then analyzed descriptively using Ms. Excel software to facilitate the distribution and visualization of data.

Results and Discussion. The results of this study note that KTI published by researchers at the Research Center for Geotechnology is scattered in various national/international journals, national/international proceedings, and books/potpourri. The highest KTI issued was national proceedings, totaling 343 titles. The second position is occupied by international journals with 182 titles. Third, there are 104 national journals. The last international proceedings with 92 titles and 67 books. Indonesian is the most widely used language, as many as 542 articles and male gender dominates as many as 1946 researchers. While the year in which there was one highest type of scientific papers published was 2014 with 63 national proceedings.

Conclusions and recommendations. This research has described the distribution of KTI Center for Geotechnology, where KTI is the most dominant national proceeding and the least possible international journal due to the level of difficulty.
Pengembangan instrumen evaluasi kinerja pada Perpustakaan Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana Salatiga
Authors: Hermawan Anton , Kristiasari Anggita , Bhiju Fransiska N. , Manik Dona
Published: June 2020

Introduction. Performance evaluation is the process of evaluating the implementation of the tasks of organizational members, including libraries, in accordance with the performance standards using particular way including instruments. Instruments are needed to document the evaluation carried out by the organization. Therefore, libraries need to pay attention to developa performance evaluation instrument to plan their human resources. This research explains an overview of stages in developing performance evaluation instruments in an organization, particularly libraries.

Research methods. The research used a descriptive qualitative approach by involving the existing  performance evaluation dimensions. After that, the performance evaluation indicators were developed.

Data analysis. The measurement of validity and reliability was valid when the correlation between items was >0.3 and when Cronbach alpha was > 0.6. The measurement of validity and reliability help to support the development of performance evaluation instruments.

Results and Discussion. Of the 36 statements, only 27 items were valid and used in performance appraisal instruments. The items are arranged in a model of development of the performance evaluation instruments.

Conclusion and recommendations. A good organization needs to pay attention to the right indicators in an assessment instrument. In its application, it is effective to use the 360 ​​degree method, where employees are evaluated by other staff to ensure the balance professional perspective.
Teori kritis terhadap analisis sitasi untuk kajian kuantitatif sains dan evaluasi kinerja riset
Authors: Yaniasih Yaniasih
Published: June 2020

Introduction. Citation is the main indicator in research performance evaluation using the quantitative approach. There have been many criticisms of citations since they were used half a century ago, but they have not yet succeeded in bringing new concepts and methods. This paper aims to criticize and propose a new approach to citation analysis.

Data Collection Method. A contemporary critical theory methodology was adopted as a framework to collect and analyze the data. Scientific publications related to citation analysis was collected from several databases such as Google scholar, Microsoft academic search, dan Garuda Ristekdikti.

Analysis Data. Publications data were critically reviewed and analyzed narratively by using open coding.

Results and Discussions. The results mapped the lack of citation analysis form various aspects: (1) criticism of the positivist paradigm which did not succeed in achieving its objectives, (2) criticism of methods that produce invalid results, and (3) criticism of ethical issues of the researcher and  bias in implementation. The proposed solution and recommendation is to change the citation analysis method from a simple measurement of bibliographic data to text and context analysis based on a computer science approach (machine learning techniques).

Conclusion. This new method has the potential to be developed within the framework of quantitative in Science and Technology studies to overcome existing criticisms. Subsequent multidisciplinary studies are needed to lay a strong philosophical and technical foundation particularly in applying the in-text citation analysis method for evaluating research performance in accordance with the Indonesian context.
Analitis Geovisual Okupansi Halte dan Pergerakan Penumpang Transjakarta
Authors: Khomani Alian Fathira , Aditya Trias
Published: June 2020

Public eagerness to use Transjakarta as a transport mode has been increasing over the past few years as the ridership growth consistently. To keep the growth up, stakeholders need to understand the passenger behavior by creating an effective operational system so that the passenger satisfaction maintained. An understanding of passenger behavior can be obtained by identifying its pattern and trend which recorded as passenger transaction data. This project uses passenger transaction data which contains information about time and space to produce interactive visualization as a means to identify passenger behavior. Interactive visualization created in this project depicts the trend of bus stop occupancy and passenger movement from one stop to another. The visualization consists of a map and diagrams which relate to each other as one integrated analytical dashboard system. The visualization design process combines Tableau 2019.2 and Mapbox GL JS to create powerful visualization supported by a 3D map view that facilitates analytical reasoning work. Geovisual analytics dashboard as a result of this project is intended for PT. Transportasi Jakarta staff to make decisions. Some staff was asked to examine the usability of the dashboard regarding its effectiveness, efficiency, and accessibility aspects. The usability test pointed out that the analytical dashboard can generate new information about the patterns and trends of Transjakarta passengers.
Crecimiento de la capacidad de almacenes agrícolas en México, 1996-2019
Authors: García-Salazar José Alberto , Álvarez-González Xóchitl , Mora-Flores José Saturnino
Published: June 2020

El objetivo es analizar el crecimiento de la capacidad instalada de los almacenes agrícolas, entre 1996 y 2019, por entidad federativa y determinar si tal capacidad es suficiente para un programa óptimo de inventarios que requiere el maíz en México. La metodología usada fue la formulación de un modelo de equilibrio espacial e intertemporal del mercado de maíz. Los resultados indican que en la mayoría de los estados del país la capacidad es suficiente para almacenar los inventarios existentes. En cambio, Chiapas, Guerrero y Oaxaca mostraron un déficit de almacenes. Una limitante del estudio es la cobertura regional del modelo a escala estatal. Un análisis por municipio hubiera sido más completo; sin embargo, el valor principal del estudio radica en que ofrece resultados para dirigir inversiones en almacenes. La principal conclusión establece que el gobierno debe tomar las medidas necesarias para aumentar la capacidad de los almacenes en el sur de México.
ETHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE FIDDLER CRAB UCA LATIMANUS RATHBUN, 1893 IN THE ESTUARY EL SALADO, PUERTO VALLARTA, JALISCO, MEXICO
Authors: De La Cruz-Manjarrez Carlos , Vázquez-López Horacio
Published: June 2020

This study was conducted in the rainy (June-August 2013) and dry season (April 2014) in the El Salado estuary, Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco, Mexico to understand the behavior of fiddler crabs Uca latimanus Rathbun, 1893 by means of films. Observe behaviors were: feeding, walking (displacement), feeding and walking, standing (stationary), aggression and defense, agitation chela; the feed rate was also obtained. The temperature ranged between 29 and 38 ° C in the two seasons. In rainy season the presence of U. latimanus, mainly due to the humidity when it reaches a maximum of 80% of the land and their behavior is influenced by the daily weather conditions. The organisms spend more time feeding and shaking the chelipeds, but these do not occur simultaneously. The aggression is not only seen among males, which also attack females. U. latimanus males inhabit burrows with sedimentary structures (domed) However, not observed or if females are those who are in charge of construction. In dry season, U. latimanus lives only in small patches of marsh and flood behavior is limited to food. As to feeding time, females are twice as fast than males doing this activity at low tide. U. latimanus cohabits with Uca princeps princeps and Uca zacae, however the first presents a specific territory.
DIVERSIDAD DE REPTILES DE LA LAGUNA EL QUELELE EN NAYARIT, MÉXICO
Authors: Fuentes-Castrejón Juana Naggai , Maldonado-Gasca Adrián
Published: June 2020

Mexico is considered a megadiverse country, ranking second worldwide in reptile diversity. To determine the spatial and temporal variation of the reptile assemblage in El Quelele lagoon in Bahía de Banderas, Nayarit (20°43’N and 105° 17’W), we realized transects of 500 m2 for three different types of vegetation (mangrove, marshes and thorn forest) during two seasons (Dry and Rainy), We calculate the ecological indices (Shannon, Simpson and Pielou) and the biological value index. We report 19 species, representing 21.5% of the total species reported in Nayarit. The most abundant species were Anolis nebulosus, Holcosus undulata and Iguana iguana. Four species (21%) are endemic to Mexico, and nine species (47%) are registered within at-risk categories. Mangroves had the highest species richness (13 spp.), followed by marshes (9 spp.) and finally the thorn forest (5 spp.). Diversity was highest during the dry season within mangroves (H’=2.93) and in the marshes (1-D=0.93), which may be related to water availability. This study provides a foundation for reptile conservation in this area.
Una subjetividad infinita: hacia una comprensión teleológica de la conciencia desde la fenomenología levinasiana
Authors: Martínez García Hugo
Published: June 2020

El presente artículo ofrece una interpretación teleológica de la vida consciente y se basa, sobre todo, en la postura fenomenológica de Emmanuel Levinas. Sin embargo, es preciso tener en mente que la fenomenología husserliana está siempre presente como sustrato de ésta. Por ello, a partir de una lectura en que ambas perspectivas se complementan, trazaré un esquema en el que la totalidad de la conciencia se realiza como teleológica y explicaré el papel preponderante que cumple la síntesis en los procesos de constitución para desarrollar los elementos de la ética levinasiana que culminan en una lectura teleológica de la vida consciente. Así, la infinitudcon la que Levinas describe el encuentro ético deja de ser sólo una  instancia de corte éticoontológico para describir un momento teleológico.
Jorge Ornelas, Armando Cíntora y Paola Hernández (compiladores), Trabajando en el laboratorio de la mente. Naturaleza y alcance de los experimentos mentales, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades-Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, 2018, 254 pp.
Authors: Sáenz Alfonso Álvaro Andrés
Published: June 2020

Resumen dei libro de Jorge Ornelas, Armando Cíntora y Paola Hernández (compiladores), Trabajando en el laboratorio de la mente. Naturaleza y alcance de los experimentos mentales, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades-Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, 2018, 254 pp.
Could the Altman Z-score model detect the financial distress in Ghana? Multivariate discriminant analysis
Authors: MacCarthy John , Amoasi-Andoh Richard
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this paper is to assess the effectiveness of the Altman Z-score model to discriminate between financially distressed and non financially distressed manufacturing firms listed on the Ghana Stock Exchange. Eleven firms consisting of two financially distressed and nine non-financially distressed manufacturing firms were analysed. Independent descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, and multivariate discriminant analysis were the analytical tools used to analyse the hypotheses of this study. The study revealed that working capital/total assets and sales/total assets were the major discriminators of financially distressed firms on the Ghana Stock Exchange. Multivariate discriminant analysis revealed an accuracy rate of 79.9% to detect financially distressed firms in Ghana.
El semillero de investigación como herramienta didáctica para la formación de sujetos críticos de la historia local
Authors: Clavijo Vélez Sandra Catalina
Published: June 2020

Este artículo describe la implementación de una Estrategia de Investigación Formativa con estudiantes de educación media en Armenia-Quindío, durante el año 2017. Experiencia que permitió el acercamiento a la historia de la configuración barrial de un asentamiento informal, por medio de un Semillero de Investigación. En dicho escenario, se formó a los estudiantes en el oficio del historiador, las técnicas de investigación social, el análisis, elaboración y presentación del informe final de investigación, ante la institución educativa y la comunidad. Además, se reflexionó sobre los impactos del Semillero como herramienta didáctica para la enseñanza de la Historia local.
Latin America and the construction of a hegemonic periodization.
Authors: Riojas López Carlos
Published: June 2020

Underlying institutional factors and a type of periodization in the most influential narratives of global history contribute to the peripheralization of Latin America. The objective of this article is to learn more precisely what is being written about Latin America in two leading journals that study this continent as their main topic. I have chosen five periods and four historical events. Even though the periodization is constructed by events linked to the trajectory of the West, it offers an opportunity to situate Latin America as a key actor in a new global history.
La renta de aguardiente durante el proceso de Independencia de la Nueva Granada, 1810-1819
Authors: Pita Pico Roger
Published: June 2020

En el marco de la conmemoración del Bicentenario de la Independencia de las naciones hispanoamericanas, el objetivo de este artículo se centra en analizar la renta del aguardiente durante el proceso de Independencia en el periodo comprendido entre 1810 y 1819 en la Nueva Granada, observando en detalle la forma como la guerra afectó esta renta y el respaldo económico derivado de las utilidades de este rubro en el sostenimiento de la tropa y en otros sectores. Adicionalmente, se pretende examinar los avances y las vicisitudes, así como también los cambios y permanencias en el manejo de este ramo de la economía que osciló entre el monopolio estatal y la liberalización durante cada una de las fases de este periodo de convulsión política y militar de la lucha por la emancipación.
El Ejecutivo frente al Congreso en las primeras décadas de la experiencia republicana colombiana, 1821-1840
Authors: Martínez Garnica Armando
Published: June 2020

El ideal republicano del equilibrio de los poderes públicos fue garantizado por el ideario liberal de los constituyentes que se reunieron en el Congreso Constituyente de la Villa del Rosario de Cúcuta, cuando el ordenamiento constitucional concedió la preeminencia al Congreso, quien obtuvo la facultad para crear las cortes de justicia y los juzgados inferiores de la República. Pero durante las décadas de 1820 y 1830, el equilibrio se jugó entre el Ejecutivo y las cámaras legislativas. Este artículo examina de cerca cómo se construyó ese equilibrio de poderes públicos.
Las dos Ansermas. Seguimiento documental al traslado de una población
Authors: Vallejo Velásquez Juan Carlos
Published: June 2020

Jorge Robledo funda la ciudad de Santana (San Juan) y la iglesia Mayor Santa María de los Caballeros en cierta sabana en una Provincia que los indios llaman Guarma. Con el aditamento de poderla trasladar si se encontraba un mejor lugar, lo cual sucede casi de manera inmediata, pues la primera fundación la hace más para hacerse a la tierra por la presión de los conquistadores que venían de Cartagena tras Juan Vadillo. La primera ubicación se cree que es un sitio cercano a Belén de Umbría y la segunda en el Cerro de Anserma.El aditamento del que se hace mención es un poderoso elemento que luego es utilizado (hipótesis mía) para la traslación en 1717 a un sitio que estaba incluido en los límites de la ciudad y que se llamaba Las Lajas.La ciudad se funda con el nombre de Santana; luego, se cambia por San Juan y finalmente, Anserma. Último nombre verdaderamente autóctono derivado de Anser, sal para los indios, aunque la provincia en general se llama Humbra.
Bir Olgubilim Çalışması: İletişim Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin Medyaya ve Medya Okuryazarlığına Bakış Açılarının Belirlenmesi
Authors: Çalışır Gülsüm , Sönmez Gülen
Published: June 2020

Çalışma, medya okuryazarlığı dersini alan öğrencilerin dersle ilgili görüşlerinin belirlenmesini konu edinmektedir. Çalışmanın amacı, öğrencilerin medyaya ve medya okuryazarlığı alanına bakış açıları, ders içerikleri ile ilgili görüşleri ve farkındalık geliştirip geliştirmediklerini belirlemektir. Medya okuryazarlığı dersine devam eden öğrencileri kapsayan çalışma, nitel araştırma deseni olan olgubilime dayalı tasarlanmış, veri toplama yöntemi olarak görüşme tekniği kullanılmış, veri çözümlemesi nitel içerik analizi tekniğiyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmanın bulguları; öğrencilerin medyayı kullanım amaçlarına ve algılamalarına göre ayırmakta, medya okuryazarı olunması gerektiği, dersi son sınıfta almalarından memnun olmadıkları, içeriğin uygulamaya dönük olması gerektiği, medya okuryazarlığı dersi sonrası farkındalık geliştirdikleri ve davranış değişikliği yaşadıkları yönünde olmuştur. Sonuç olarak öğrenciler medyayı olumsuz olarak algılama eğilimi içerisinde, bu olumsuz algı doğrultusunda medya okuryazarlığını gerekli görmekte, dersin son sınıfta değil, daha önceki sınıflarda ve zamana yayılmış bir biçimde verilmesi, aynı zamanda içeriğin daha fazla uygulamaya dönük olarak yürütülmesi gerektiği görülmektedir. Ayrıca medya okuryazarlığı dersinin eleştirel düşünme biçimlerini geliştirdiği görülmüştür.
Sverige – Polen. 1000 år av krig og kärlek
Authors: Frandsen Karl-Erik
Published: June 2020

Abstract: Sweden – Poland. 1000 Years of War and LoveKarl-Erik Frandsen (The Saxo Institute, University of Copenhagen) reviews Sverige – Polen. 1000 år av krig og kärlek (Sweden – Poland. 1000 Years of War and Love) written by Herman Lindquist.
Partnership in Europe; its Variety, Trends and Dissolution
Authors: Coleman David
Published: June 2020

Radical changes in living arrangements, in sexual habits and in the position of marriage in Europe have arisen, very unevenly, since the 1960s and in some regions in scarcely more than a decade. Cohabitation before marriage is normal – even universal – in many countries, with the popularity of marriage falling as its mean age rises to beyond the highest levels hitherto recorded. Divorce has been legalised and in most cases made readily accessible. However, although not as firm a demarcation as once believed, Hajnal’s line separating East and West has not yet been erased from the map of contemporary Europe. The article describes patterns and trends in partnership in Europe, including trends in marriage rates, divorce rates, the spread of cohabitation, LAT-relations and of births outside marriage, and tries to account for them.
Skewed Marriage Markets and Sex Ratios of Finnish People in their Twenties
Authors: Lainiala Lassi , Miettinen Anneli
Published: June 2020

This article studies variation in regional sex ratios in Finland and outlines potential implications of the skewed sex ratios for family formation patterns. Difficulties in finding a suitable partner are typically mentioned as one of the most important reasons for remaining childless, and we explore if this reason is apparent structurally at the regional macro level. We found significant variation in sex ratios in age-groups 18–30 at the regional and sub-regional levels. Of the whole 20–29-year old population in Finland, almost 50 percent live in sub-region areas with a male surplus. As expected, a higher proportion of men compared to women appears to increase fertility of women in younger age groups. Contrary to expectations, high male-female ratios were not related to higher proportion of women living with a partner
Women’s Career Strategy Choices and Fertility in Finland
Authors: Schleutker Elina
Published: June 2020

To better understand the correlation between fertility, female employment, and family policy, this paper employs Finnish register data on women born in 1969 to study the association between women’s labour market careers and fertility. The investigation is based on a theoretical argument which holds that women make different kinds of strategic choices about their careers as influenced by their own preferences, family policies, and household resources. Women are divided into three different groups based on their activity in the labour market from the month they reach age 18 until the month before they turn 35. The level and timing of fertility, the central characteristics of the women belonging to the different groups, and the entry into motherhood are examined with descriptive statistics and event history techniques. Results show that Finnish women’s choices concerning employment and fertility are relatively heterogeneous: At one end of the scale a considerable number of women stay outside the labour market for longer periods of time, enter motherhood at a relatively early age, and have large families, whereas at the other end we find women with long periods of continuous education and employment, high age of entry into motherhood, and small family sizes.
Young Adults Failure to Thrive Syndrome
Authors: Sanderson Warren C. , Skirbekk Vegard , Stonawski Marcin
Published: June 2020

Many young working age adults in developed countries are failing to thrive in economic, demographic and social terms. Their failure to thrive is a relatively new phenomenon that has not been widely recognized, but it affects young adults in virtually all the more developed countries for which we have relevant data. Young adults nowadays are more often in poverty. They are leaving their parental homes at ever later ages and in some countries the frequency of psychological problems increased. The seriousness of failure to thrive syndrome is reflected in the relationship between relative economic conditions and increased suicide rates. The syndrome is important because young adults are at the prime ages for finding employment, establishing long-run career paths and building an economic basis for founding a family. Developing strategies to arrest the spread of failure to thrive syndrome among young adults, in order to keep them vibrant contributors to our societies, should be a priority for policy makers.
Regional Differences of Child Under-Nutrition in Bangladesh
Authors: Talukder Byomkesh
Published: June 2020

Despite recent progress shown by some of the indicators of Millennium DevelopmentGoals in Bangladesh, the nutritional status among all children of the country is notso satisfactory. Growing evidence suggest that there exist regional differences in childunder-nutrition in Bangladesh. The present article is an attempt to identify the regionaldifferences of child under-nutrition across six divisions of Bangladesh and to understandsome of the determinants of under-nutrition using DHS-2007 Bangladesh dat. This datafocus on under-nutrition and some of the determinants related to household, child andmother. A multivariate model was employed to study the regional differences of undernutritionstatus among children. Across the divisions, a variation of under-nutrition isobserved among the children. The prevalence of under-nutrition is statistically significantin poor households. Economics status, mothers’ education, children’s age, number of familymembers and duration of breastfeeding are important determinants of under-nutritionacross divisions. Child under-nutrition in Bangladesh is still a concern for the householdwith poor economic status. The article calls for improvement of the economic status of thehouseholds across divisions keeping in view the nature of inequality in childhood undernutritionin the country and its differential characteristics across the divisions.
Abortion Wishes and Abortion Prevention - Women Seeking Legal Termination of Pregnancy During the 1950s and 1960s in Finland
Authors: Keski-Petäjä Miina
Published: June 2020

This article studies Finnish abortion-seeking women in the 1950s and 1960s byinvestigating the life situations of the abortion-seeking women and their possibilitiesto regulate childbearing under the 1950 Abortion Act. During the 1950s and 1960s,abortion was legal in Finland only on medical, ethical or eugenic grounds. The dataconsists of patient documents of the Finnish Family Federations (Vestliitto) Tamperesocial counseling service (sosiaalineuvola) from the years 1955 and 1968 and thedocuments mainly comprise abortion requests. Results show that in 1955 83 percentand in 1968 68 percent of the abortion-seeking women were married. 90 percent ofthem had two or more children and the mothers often requested abortion because ofpoor financial or social circumstances. The family conditions of these women wereoften described as difficult, as they had the main responsibility for taking care of andproviding for their families. The majority of the abortion requests were denied. In 1955,only 16 percent of the abortion-seeking women received an affirmative decision fromthe Family Federation whereas the share of admitted abortions in 1968 was 42 percent.The documents show a severe collision between the womens wishes for abortion and thesocietys interest to prevent abortions for pronatalist reasons. The data also indicatesthat women were not treated equally because their own determined and persistantbehaviour as well as the doctoral practices influenced the abortion decisions.
Faster Transition to the Second Child in late 20th Century Finland: A Study of Birth Intervals
Authors: Berg Venla , Rotkirch Anna
Published: June 2020

Birth intervals are known to influence child and parental health and wellbeing, yet studies on the recent development of birth intervals in contemporary developed societies are scarce. We used individual-level representative register data from Finland (N=26,120; 54% women) to study the first interbirth interval of singleton births in cohorts born in 1955, 1960, 1965, 1970, and 1975. In women, the average interbirth interval has shortened by 7.8 months and in men by 6.2 months between the cohorts of 1955 and 1975. A higher age at first birth was associated with shorter birth intervals (in women, b = -1.68, p<.001; in men, b = -1.77, p<.001 months per year). Educational level moderated the effect of age at first on the first birth interval in both sexes. Due to rising ages at first birth in developed societies and the manifold ramifications of shorter birth intervals, this topic deserves more scholarly attention and studies from other countries.
Indifferent Gender Preferences among Childless Beijing Citizens
Authors: Basten Stuart , Verropoulou Georgia , Xiaohong Ma , Ping Yan
Published: June 2020

Son preference, leading to skewed sex ratios at birth, is an important feature of contemporary Chinese demography, as well as being a critical policy issue. Using a 2006 representative survey, this article explores preferences for boys and girls among childless young adults in a district of Beijing who have a stated one child as their ideal number of children (though they may be eligible to bear more). The descriptive analysis finds no evidence of son-preference; rather an overall indifference to gender. A multivariate analysis provides some indicative evidence of indifference regarding predictors of desiring a girl, a boy or either. gs.
Book review - kirja-arvostelu
Authors: Terämä Emma
Published: June 2020

Antti Latvala & Karri Silventoinen (toim.) Käyttäytymisgenetiikka. Geeneistä yhteiskuntaan. Gaudeamus 2014.
Cooperation and Conflict. Sibling Relations in Contemporary Societies.
Authors: Tanskanen Antti O. , Danielsbacka Mirkka
Published: June 2020

This study investigates sibling and “extended sibling” relations. Extended sibling relations refer to relations between nieces or nephews and aunts or uncles. Both cooperation and conflict between kin are investigated. We use an evolutionary family sociological framework for analysing kin relations in present day Finland and the UK. Cooperation is measured by kin support, emotional closeness, and contact frequency, while the outcome of sibling conflict is measured by toddlers’ unintended injuries, young adolescents’ reports of how much siblings picked and hurt each other, and adults’ self-reported disagreements with siblings. The study includes seven original articles and an introductory chapter.Article I shows that 3-year-old British children who live in the same household with their full siblings have a lower risk of unintended home injuries than do children who live with their full and half siblings or only with their half siblings. Article II finds that 11-year-old British children living with their full siblings only were more likely to report hurting or picking between siblings compared with children who live with their half siblings only. Article III describes two generations of adult Finns and shows that both younger (mean age 36 years old) and older (mean age 65 years) generations have more contacts with full than half siblings and more contacts with the children of full siblings than with children of half siblings. Based on article IV, older and younger Finns have more contact with their sisters’ children compared to their brothers’ children. Article V finds that childless younger women in Finland provide more childcare to their siblings’ children than do younger mothers. However, mothers and childless women provide equal amounts of support to their aunts and uncles. According to article VI, younger Finnish adults who have half siblings are more likely to have encountered unequal maternal treatment than younger adults who have full siblings only. Article VII shows that younger and older Finns are more likely to have conflicts with their full siblings than with their half siblings.Combined, these results show that kin relations tend to differ both between maternal and paternal kin and between full and half siblings. Moreover, kin support is more likely to flow from older individuals to younger ones than vice versa. Finally, parental unequal treatment seems to shape relations between siblings. At the end of the introduction chapter, policy and practical implications of the results are discussed.
Forecasting Water Level Of Jhelum River Of Kashmir Valley India, Using Prediction And Earlywarning System
Authors: Imran Mirza , P. Sheikh Abdul Khader
Published: June 2020

The hydrological disasters have the largest share in global disaster list and in 2016 the Asia’s share was 41% of the global occurrence of flood disasters. The Jammu and Kashmir is one of the most flood-prone regions of the Indian Himalayas. In the 2014 floods, approximately 268 people died and 168004 houses were damaged. Pulwama, Srinagar, and Bandipora districts were severely affected with 102, 100 and 148 km 2 respectively submerged in floods. To predict and warn people before the actual event occur, the Early Warning Systems were developed. The Early Warning Systems (EWS) improve the preparedness of community towards the disaster. The EWS does not help to prevent floods but it helps to reduce the loss of life and property largely. A flood monitoring and EWS is proposed in this research work. This system is composed of base stations and a control center. The base station comprises of sensing module and processing module, which makes a localised prediction of water level and transmits predicted results and measured data to the control center. The control center uses a hybrid system of Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) model and the supervised machine learning technique, Linear Multiple Regression (LMR) model for water level prediction. This hybrid system presented the high accuracy of 93.53% for daily predictions and 99.91% for hourly predictions.
Occasional Floods On The Rivers Of Russian Plain In The 20Th –21St Centuries
Authors: Kireeva Maria B. , Rets Ekaterina P. , Frolova Natalya L. , Samsonov Timothy E. , Povalishnikova Elena S. , Entin Andrey L. , Durmanov Ivan N. , Ivanov Alexander M.
Published: June 2020

The article focuses on the study of flood flow changes on the rivers of the European Territory of Russia (ETR) in the last thirty years. This is an extremely important problem, as with floods, whose contribution to the structure of the annual flow of European rivers in recent decades has been increasing, the most destructive floods are associated. On the example of 55 representative hydrological gauge stations located on the ETR in regions with different conditions of runoff formation, the features of both summer and winter floods formation are considered. It has been established that over the past thirty years on the most rivers there has been an intensive reduction in the ratio of volumes and maximum flood discharges in relation to the similar characteristics of the basic runoff. Increased groundwater supply is observed, and the absence of significant freezing of the soil leads to an increase in infiltration. The volumes of flood runoff and the basic runoff become comparable or the proportion of the latter begins to prevail. The main reason for the increase in minimum water discharge is associated with an increase in flood flow under the influence of more intense and prolonged thaws. A distinctive feature of the water regime of recent decades has been the flood peaks in almost any season of the hydrological year. In the middle and southern part of the ETR – in the basins of the Volga, Oka, Vyatka, Don Rivers – there is an increase in low-water flow and in the quota of flood in annual flow. On some rivers of the ETR, the spring flood runoff currently accounts for less than 50% of the annual runoff.
The Role Of Relative Slope Length In Flood Hazard Mapping Using Ahp And Gis (Case Study: Lam River Basin, Vietnam)
Authors: Nguyen Ba Dung , Minh Dang Tuyet , Ahmad Adeel , Nguyen Quoc Long
Published: June 2020

In addition to the five main factors affecting the formation of floods including slope, rainfall, drainage density, soil, and land cover, the relative slope length factor has also been considered to be one of the fundamental causes that contribute to flood hazard. The paper analyzes the theoretical basis for choosing the relative slope length criterion when zoning flood hazard in Lam river basin. The important role of this factor was evaluated by the results of the flood risk zoning map established by the method of integrating AHP and GIS technology in two cases: using 5 flood influence criteria and using 6 flood influence criteria. Flood hazard zoning maps for 2 cases were tested with 3 historic floods occurring on Oct 2010, Oct 2013 and Oct 2016. The results showed that the map established with six influence factors is more detailed and accurate than the one created with five factors affecting flood hazard because of the similarity with the reality of that map. The results of the study are applicable to other river basins which their geographical features are similar to characteristics the Lam river basin.
Implementación del algoritmo MPC a un inversor de dos niveles para un motor trifásico de inducción
Authors: Gonzalez Morales Luis Gerardo , Espinoza Adrian , Guerrero Ricardo
Published: June 2020

El presente trabajo muestra el diseño e implementación de un variador de frecuencia para un motor trifásico de tipo inducción utilizando el algoritmo de control predictivo por modelo (MPC). La estrategia se fundamenta en la estimación del modelo interno de la máquina a controlar. Mediante simulación se analiza el comportamiento del controlador ante variaciones en la estimación de los parámetros del motor y distintos puntos de operación. El sistema de control es implantado mediante el microcontrolador TMS320F28335 y un inversor trifásico de dos niveles con el uso del IRAM 136‑3063b. Finalmente, el comportamiento del sistema experimental es comparado mediante herramientas computacionales.
ARIMA-based forecasting of the dynamics of confirmed Covid-19 cases for selected European countries
Authors: Kufel Tadeusz
Published: June 2020

Research background: On 11 March 2020, the Covid-19 epidemic was identified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a global pandemic. The rapid increase in the scale of the epidemic has led to the introduction of non-pharmaceutical countermeasures. Forecast of the Covid-19 prevalence is an essential element in the actions undertaken by authorities.
Purpose of the article: The article aims to assess the usefulness of the Auto-regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model for predicting the dynamics of Covid-19 incidence at different stages of the epidemic, from the first phase of growth, to the maximum daily incidence, until the phase of the epidemic's extinction.
Methods: ARIMA(p,d,q) models are used to predict the dynamics of virus distribution in many diseases. Model estimates, forecasts, and the accuracy of forecasts are presented in this paper.
Findings & Value added: Using the ARIMA(1,2,0) model for forecasting the dynamics of Covid-19 cases in each stage of the epidemic is a way of evaluating the implemented non-pharmaceutical countermeasures on the dynamics of the epidemic.