bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Predictive Model of Spiritual Well-being Based on Belief in a Just World Mediated by the Positive and Negative Affects in University Students
Authors: Zamani Amir Fatemeh , Saberi Hayedeh , Bashardoust Simin
Published: October 2021

Background: Spiritual well-being is crucial in human health and reduces anxiety and depression. Therefore, identifying its underlying variables can improve individuals’ health. Objectives: This study aimed to predict a model of spiritual well-being based on belief in a just world mediated by positive and negative effects in university students of Tehran. Methods: This was a descriptive correlation study performed through path analysis. The statistical population consisted of students studying at different universities of Tehran during 2020 - 2021. The research sample comprised 301 university students (199 female and 102 male). The participants completed the Spiritual Well-Being Scale, Belief in a Just World Scale, and Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS). The model was evaluated using path analysis in AMOS 24.0. Results: The results showed that the path coefficient between positive affect and spiritual well-being was positive and significant, and the path coefficient between negative affect and spiritual well-being was negative and significant (P < 0.001). The total path coefficient between the belief in a just world (BJW) and spiritual well-being was positive and significant, and the path coefficient between the belief in an unjust world (BUW) and spiritual well-being was negative and significant (P < 0.001). Furthermore, there was a significant positive indirect path coefficient between BJW and spiritual well-being (P < 0.001). Accordingly, the positive and negative affects played positive mediating roles between BJW and spiritual well-being. Conclusions: Based on the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that BJW, positive effects, and strengthening them can enhance the level of spiritual well-being and reduce the students’ negative effect, anxiety, and depression levels.
Flavonoides isolados de Sida santaremnensis H. Monteiro (“Guanxuma”) e avaliação das atividades biológicas
Authors: Marques Ana Emilia Formiga , Monteiro Talissa Mozzini , Dos Santos Claudio Roberto Bezerra , Piuzevan Márcia Regina , De Souza Maria De Fátima Vanderlei , Mororó Gabriele Taumaturgo , Alves Michel Muálem de Moraes , Carvalho Fernando Aécio de Amorim , Arcanjo Daniel Dias Rufino , Gonçalves Juan Carlos Ramos , Costa Danielly Albuquerque da
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Sida santaremnensis H. Monteiro (Malvaceae) is a plant popularly known as "vassourinha" or "guanxuma" that has been described as vasorelaxant, antiulcerogenic, antinociceptive and antiedematogenic. Objective: To contribute with the phytochemical and pharmacological profile of Sida santaremnensis through the isolation, purification and determination of chemical constituents of this plant, as well as through the evaluation of the anti-inflammatory and antitumor activity and leishmanicidal effect of the isolated constituent in a greater amount. Methods: The isolation of substances from the plant herein studied was performed with column chromatographic and analytical thin-layer methods and structural determination made by spectroscopic methods, such as Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Hydrogen and Carbon 13, and comparisons with data from the literature. To assess pharmacological activities, cell viability tests, determination of nitric oxide levels, leishmanicidal activity, among others, were performed. Results: Two flavonoids from S. santaremnensis were obtained, kaempferol (S-1) and kaepferol 3-O-β-D-glycosyl-6’’-α-L-rhamnoside (S-2), the latter in a greater amount. The evaluation of the antitumor activity of the glycosylated flavonoid demonstrated that it does not present hemolytic activity against the human promyelocytic leukemia cell line (HL-60), and that it presented weak leishmanicidal activity. The immunopharmacological evaluation of kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucosyl-6’’-α-L-rhamnoside revealed that it presents a possible anti-inflammatory action related to the inhibition of the production of nitrite by LPS-stimulated macrophages. Conclusion: These data demonstrate that kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucosyl-6’’-α-L-rhamnoside has low toxicity, in addition to antileishmania, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, which makes it a therapeutic potential for infectious and inflammatory diseases mediated by macrophages.
Water quality of the Atibaia river in the city of Paulínia/SP: evaluation of the Electrical Conductivity and Chloride variables
Authors: Montovani Camila Pereira , Coneglian Cassiana Maria Reganhan , Poletti Elaine Cristina Catapani
Published: October 2021

The present study aimed to evaluate the characteristics that most influenced the water quality variability of the Atibaia river in the city of Paulínia/SP, the coordinates of the water collection point are given by 22º44'23”(S) and 47º07 ' 40 ”(W), in the dry and rainy seasons, from 2006 to 2016. The data used in this study come from the monitoring of parameters carried out in the spring by a research team, accompanied by periodic collections of surface water samples and analyzes laboratory tests. The parameters addressed included: precipitation, temperature, Hydrogenionic potential (pH), turbidity, thermotolerant coliforms (Escherichia coli (E. coli)), dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (Ntotal), total phosphorus (Ptotal), total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC) and chlorides (Cl-). Water quality was assessed using linear correlation analysis, using the Pearson Correlation coefficient (r), and Multivariate Analysis, using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The presence of EC, Cl- and COD in both periods indicates quality characteristics related to the mineralization of organic compounds present in the water and the eutrophication process.
Classification of South-Eastern Baltics cross-border recreational mesoregions
Authors: Manakov A.G. , Ivanov I.A. , Chuchenkova O.A.
Published: October 2021

Experience in assessing the COVID-19 pandemic impact on international tourism indicates insufficient attention to changes in geography and volume of international tourist flows. In particular, studies aimed at assessing the value of tourist exchange in cross-border tourist and recreational regions are becoming relevant. The purpose of the article is to classify cross-border tourist and recreational mesoregions in the south-eastern part of the Baltic region by the size of cross-border tourist exchange. As a result of the study, six cross-border tourist and recreational mesoregions were identified with the participation of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. The boundaries of these mesoregions were determined and the value of cross-border tourist exchange within them was estimated. According to the latter indicator, it is proposed to divide mesoregions into three categories: 1) with a high level of formation (tourist exchange of more than 500 thousand people per year); 2) with a level of formation «above average» (from 100 to 500 thousand people per year); 3) with an average level of formation (from 50 to 100 thousand people per year). Cross-border tourist and recreational regions with a low level of formation (with a tourist exchange of fewer than 50 thousand people per year) are classified as microregions. The first category included the Estonian-Finnish mesoregion, the second – three mesoregions (Russian- Estonian, Russian-Polish-Lithuanian, and Polish-Lithuanian-Belarusian), the third – Russian-Estonian- Latvian and Estonian-Latvian.
Typology of local transportation systems in Kamchatka Krai
Authors: Nikitin B.V.
Published: October 2021

This article analyses functioning of various modes of transport and population mobility specifics in Kamchatka Krai – the region located remotely and isolated from the main settlement zone of Russia. The work is based on the typology of local transportation systems using the field research method – in-depth interviews with experts. 11 types of local transport systems were identified on the territory of Kamchatka Krai. They are divided into two main categories: those with a predominance of road transport and those related to the off-road zone, which does not have one dominant particular mode of transport. A crucial contribution to the formation of various types of local transportation systems is made by zonality, which is determined primarily by the historical dynamics of economic development of the region. The most developed territory – Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky and the surrounding area – serves as a link to the outside world and distribution hub of traffic flows within the region. Areas of industrial development of the XX century are completely dependent on the operation of road transport. The vast off-road zone, which is barely involved in economic activity, is characterized by the intensive participation of the local communities in the functioning of local transportation systems and the combination of various modes of transport. The identified specifics of Kamchatka territory allowed us to create a list of recommendations for improving the efficiency of local transportation systems.
Regionalization of Russia-Belarus borderlands with demographic potential method
Authors: Sinitsyn N.A.
Published: October 2021

This article is dedicated to the question of demographic potential surface zoning. The area of study is inter capital space between Moscow and Minsk. Three surfaces were analysed for three census years – 1897, 1989 and 2010. A method for zoning of demographic potential surface has been developed. It is based on the decomposition of the surface into separate terms. Terms are the induced potentials of settlements. It is possible to identify groups of points with a similar structure of induced potentials with the help of hierarchical cluster analysis. Such clusters will be the regions of demographic potential surface. Five types of regions were defined – spheres of dominance, zones of influence, areas of gravity, residual regions and hinterlands. There are about 20 regions on the surface of demographic potential of the inter capital region of Russia and Belarus. Its territorial structure consists of 3 large parts. The hinterlands of Moscow and Minsk are areas of the potential surface, where these cities have the largest share in the structure of the induced potential of clusters. “Real” inter capital space are areas of the potential surface, where the largest share in the structure of the induced potential of clusters belongs to any other cities, except capitals. The main processes of the evolution of demographic potential are following: expansion of the hinterlands of Moscow and Minsk, complication of the Minsk’s hinterland structure, disappearance of Roslavl’s hinterland, growth of the Gomel’s hinterland, reduction of the Bobruisk’s hinterland, formation of the residual area centered in the Polotsk agglomeration, disappearance of the residual area in the Mogilev and Bryansk regions.
Location between capitals as a challenge for Russian-Belarusian borderlands socio-economic development
Authors: Yaskova T.I.
Published: October 2021

Occupying a favorable position from the point of view of spatial analysis, the regions of the Russian-Belarusian border are characterized by such qualitative epithets as depressiveness and peripherality. One of the reasons for this situation, in our opinion, is the situation in the zone of influence of several capitals at once. The article is devoted to a qualitative assessment of the impact of the intercapital location on the development of the regions of the Russian-Belarusian borderlands. The article suggests the content of the concept of «intercapital area» in relation to the object of research – the Russian-Belarusian border area. Based on the methods of statistical analysis, the author compares the indicators of economic and social development of the regions of the Russian-Belarusian border area and the metropolitan regions. There is a significant imbalance in the development of the segments of the intercapital area to the main socio-economic indicators. The ambiguity of judgments about the role of spatial elements in the depression of the border regions has set the goal of the study to further clarify the influence of various factors on the course of socio-economic processes. As a hypothesis of the study, it is suggested that one of the main reasons for the depression of the vast space on the border of Russia and Belarus, which is part of the intercapital area, is the influence of the nearby capitals of Russia, Belarus and Ukraine. However, the role of the latter capital due to political and economic processes is not so obvious at the moment. The factors determining the dynamics of centrifugal processes in the intercapital area are proposed. The main ones are: the predominant function of political and administrative borders; the established system of cities, their hierarchy; gradients in the level of development between central and peripheral areas; qualitative heterogeneity of labor resources. It is concluded that the intercapital location mainly has a negative impact on the development of the Russian-Belarusian border area through depopulation processes.
The social function of moral panic
Authors: Ilić Aleksandra
Published: October 2021

In this paper, the author discusses the social context of moral panic, ie the role of various social factors in the creation of moral panic. Starting from the known mechanisms of moral panic (traditional and newer), the author considers the roles of the subjects of informal and formal social control in this process. In that sense, it stands out the activity of various moral activists as representatives of the informal social structure who, by propagating the importance of moral protection, often participate in the process of creating of many moral panics. On the other hand, the activities of formal social control bodies are regulated by an appropriate legal frame-work whose task is to solve the problem of crime in society. This implies a professional attitude of the police, the prosecution and the courts in terms of combating crime. The author points out the problem of the participation of the representatives of these bodies in the creation and development of moral panic, considering it in the context of the culture of control, ie its elements, emphasizing especially the role of the police. The author connects all the mentioned segments of the social function of moral panic with the role of the media as an unavoidable factor in the process of moral panic. At the end of the paper, the author emphasizes the importance of the role of the media in raising awareness of the importance of individual actions of all social actors in order to avoid their participation in the creation of moral panic that unfavorable affects on solving the problem of crime.
A step today can be a giant leap tomorrow: COVID-19 management lesson from the developing world
Authors: Bhandari Sudhir , Grover Mohnish , Bhargava Shruti
Published: October 2021

Background: Although India is relatively better resourced as compared with other low middle income countries in several aspects, it shares several challenges and vulnerabilities like high population, resource constraints (limited number of hospital beds, skilled healthcare personnel, intensive care units) and socioeconomic milieu, and it is important that these resources are spent wisely to maximise lives saved and minimise disruption to health services for all COVID-19 patients. Hence for dealing with this pandemic quickly and efficiently, a centre which could be set up urgently at a low cost for efficient oxygen triage was needed and thus cater to the sudden enormous load of patients who were unnecessarily occupying oxygen beds in hospitals. Methods: This study describes the setting up, management and outcome of seven hundred bedded COVID-19 care centre at Jaipur, India, within three days, at low cost, by multidisciplinary efforts of the Government of Rajasthan for efficient triage of patients and to share the excessive patient load of the biggest Government medical college of the state. Results: More than 700 patients were successfully managed at the centre within a period of one month with a favourable outcome. The perceptions of patients assessed via questionnaire also establish the success of this endeavour in sharing the load of hospitals at the peak of the pandemic. Conclusion: This paper describes the positive impact of setting up this COVID-19 care centre, and experience presented in this paper can be utilised as a novel and future oriented solution to address effectively the unprecedented pressure on the healthcare systems, created by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Effect of cardiovascular training on functional capacity in post-acute rehabilitation of COVID-19 patients
Authors: Dragičević-Cvjetković Dragana , Stevandić Drinka
Published: October 2021

Introduction: In the overall strategy of developing the optimal treatment of patients after COVID-19 infection, recommended by the World Health Organization, rehabilitation plays one of the key roles in improving the functional capacity of these patients and thus their quality of life. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of cardiovascular training during post-acute rehabilitation on the functional capacity of patients after moderate COVID-19 pneumonia. Methods: The prospective study included 84 patients of both sexes, mean age 57.92 ± 11.79 years, who were hospitalised at the Institute of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation ''Dr Miroslav Zotović'' Banja Luka due to moderate pneumonia caused by the COVID-19 virus and after they finished acute rehabilitation. All patients underwent cardiovascular training three times per week and occupational therapy during 28 days of stationary post-acute rehabilitation. The follow-up parameter was a six-minute walk (6-MWT) test at admission and discharge from post-acute rehabilitation. Student t-test for paired samples was used for statistical analysis, and the value of p < 0.05 was taken as statistical significance. Results: The functional capacity of the cardiovascular and respiratory system was statistically significantly improved at discharge compared to admission (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Targeted cardiovascular training during post-acute rehabilitation leads to improvement of functional capacities of patients after moderate COVID-19 pneumonia.
Contextualisation of optico-plastic: The effects of Alexander Archipenko and Ljubomir Micić's cooperation
Authors: Latifić Amra
Published: October 2021

One of the most important representatives of our culture in the 1920's is Ljubomir Micić, who connects a wide range of activities. His activity as the editor and founder of Zenit, poet, writer, critic, theorist, collector and organiser of exhibitions, attracted the attention of the world's avant-garde. Micić's project entitled Archipenko - the New Plastic, an album-monograph, appeared in Belgrade in 1923. The monograph had a print-run of 100 copies; it includes Archipenko's artistic opus until 1923 and represents one of the world's earliest, according to Zoran Markuš perhaps even the oldest monograph about sculptor Alexander Archipenko. An additional feature of this monograph is the cooperation between the writer and the world artist, because Archipenko himself participated in the preparation of this publication; he was the one to choose reproductions - 13 sculptures and 2 drawings. On this occasion, Micić wrote the introductory text, and according to Irina Subotić, it is a "manifesto of zenithist sculpture, seen through the optics of this sculptor's oeuvre". The introductory text is entitled Towards Optico-plastic, and Micić writes it in Belgrade on the 20th September. Here he introduces a new theoretical concept of optico-plastic, and in a specific literary way argues that Archipenko's art is one step towards optico-plastic, as he significantly defines a new style of absolute plasticity. Micić combines oculocentric aesthetics and optical illusionism dimension in the new concept, anticipating the third dimension which only eye can perceive. It is clear that Micić possessed the ability to anticipate, not only new concepts in the domain of theoretical and literary discourse, but also future world-renowned artists, even if they were just in their earliest artistic phases at the time. that Markuš What is of additional importance for this term is connects it with the term optical art, emphasising that optico-plastic, four decades earlier, anticipates the term op art. Archipenko exhibited his works in Belgrade in April 1924, as part of the First Zenit International Exhibition of New Art at the Stanković Music School. The international importance of the Zenit magazine, as well as the effects of the Archipenko-Micić cooperation, is evidenced by the fact that soon after the publication of the monograph, Archipenko sent an invitation to Zenit to join the International Society of New Artists in New York, led by Catherine Dreyer and Wassily Wassilyevich Kandinsky and whose one of the presidents was Marcel Duchamp (Henri-Robert-Marcel Duchamp). The lavish talent of these two artists, Alexander Archipenko and Ljubomir Micić, deserves continuous and additional research, as well as new interpretations of their joint work.
From Svetokret to Tank: Zenitism and the Slovenian interwar avant-garde (1921-1927)
Authors: Dović Marijan
Published: October 2021

In January 1921, Svetokret, the first radical avant-garde magazine in the newly founded Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, was launched in Ljubljana by Virgil Poljanski (1898-1947). This unique edition was a herald of Zenit (1921-1926), a mouthpiece of the ambitious zenitist movement, embodied by Poljanski's elder brother Ljubomir Micić (1895-1971). This article examines the dynamics of relations between the protagonists of the Slovenian interwar avant-garde and the leading zenitists, as documented in correspondence, newspaper reports, and, above all, in the magazine and publishing production of the avant-garde movements themselves. In the first phase, these relations revolved around Anton Podbevšek and his group, which had gathered around the Trije labodje magazine (The Three Swans, 1922), but cooperation remained limited. In the second, more productive phase, zenitist ideas were partially embraced by the group of Slovenian constructivists led by Avgust Černigoj and Ferdo Delak. Zenitism and its magazine were certainly an important source of information and inspiration for Slovenian avant-garde artists (e.g., the poet Srečko Kosovel) but, despite several attempts, the cooperation did not produce lasting results before Zenit was banned in 1926. In 1927, the Ljubljana-based Tank magazine, edited by the ambitious Delak and supported by Micić, tried to continue the zenitist legacy. Unfortunately, its existence was short-lived.
Japanese voices in Zenit: Daigaku Horiguchi
Authors: Jamasaki Kajoko
Published: October 2021

This paper analyses the essay entitled "The Word as a Principle" by Yvan Goll (1891-1950), published in Zenit (Issue 9, November 1921), which shows the non European tendency of Avant-garde poetics. In his text, Goll emphasises the need to create a new form of poetry quoting the verses of the Japanese poet Daigaku Horiguchi (1892-1981), one of the most important Japanese poets and translators of the last century. As the son of a distinguished diplomat, a rare bilingual poet among the Japanese at the time, he published poems in French and Japanese. After reviewing research on Zenit conducted in Japan so far, the first part of this paper determines the original text of the mentioned poem. In December 1921, Horiguchi published in Paris his first collection of Tankas in French. The foreword to it was written by the famous French poet Paul Fort (1872-1960). Goll, however, did not take it from there, but from the manuscript of his anthology Les Cinq Continents, which was published in Paris in 1922. The chosen song by Horiguchi is not traditional, but shows a new poetic spirit. Although it was written in five lines, which is reminiscent of the tanka form (5; 7; 5; 7; 7), the poet introduced a new topic: how the Japanese feel in a foreign country. In order to clarify the nature of Goll's connection with Horiguchi, a detailed description of Horiguchi's life is given, focusing on his stay abroad from 1911 to 1925. It can be seen from his biography that the meeting with the French painter Marie Laurencin (1883-1956) in Madrid in 1915 marked Horiguchi's poetic turn: his interest shifted from the poetics of symbolism to the Avant-garde, as the painter introduced him to Guillaume Apollinaire's (1880-1918) poetry. After staying in foreign countries (Mexico, Belgium, Switzerland, Spain, Brazil and Romania), when he returned to Japan in 1925, Horiguchi published the Crowd under the Moon anthology, which contains translations of French songs from Parnassians to Avant-garde poets, including Yvan Goll. Although no traces of their connection can be established, it is clear that they both felt poetically related and close, with mutual respect. Finally, Goll's understanding of Japanese poetry in the context of Avant-garde poetics is considered in comparison with Miloš Crnjanski's essay entitled "For Free Verse" (1922), which also mentions Japanese poetry. While Goll emphasises the simplicity and conciseness of Japanese poetry, Crnjanski points to the improvisation as its significant feature. While Goll is searching for new poetry that is in line with living fast in the high-tech society, Crnjanski sees the everlasting connection of man with nature, which Japanese poetry is all about.
BASTI AS ARDHA CHIKITSA: A REVIEW
Authors: Khadka Biraj Jung , H S Madhushree , Puttur Ganesh
Published: October 2021

Basti Chikitsa is a prime treatment modality among the Panchakarma. It has not only curative aspects but also preventive and promotive aspects. Basti is the prime treatment for vata dosha but is also useful for the diseases caused by pitta dosha, kapha dosha as well as rakta and their combinations. Different permutations and combinations of basti dravyas give the wide option for the physician to treat all categories of diseases in all the age groups. Unlike Vamana and Virechana, Basti can be administered in all the age groups & can be administered in all the stages & variety of diseases. According to the pharmacokinetics it is also proven that rectal drugs administration might exceed the oral value due to partial avoidance of hepatic first pass metabolism. More than 500 million neurons are present in the ENS (Enteric Nervous System) and hence it is called “second brain”. Basti may act over the receptors of the ENS to stimulate the CNS causing secretion of required hormones or other chemicals. This article evaluates the validity and importance of Basti being termed as Ardha chikitsa or Sampoorna chikitsa.
A CONCEPTUAL STUDY ON PREVENTING LIFESTYLE DISORDERS IN AYURVEDA
Authors: Vasudev Haripriya , HS Madhushree , Puttur Ganesh
Published: October 2021

Lifestyle changes have contributed a lot in the manifestation and exacerbation of different disorders. Diseases can be prevented by doing nidana parivarjana, dinacharya, ritucharya, following sadvritta and following ashta ahara vidhi ayatana. Ritu shodhana will help to promote health and prevent the onset of diseases and also by doing the nidana parivarjana which will help to prevent the onset of diseases. Shodhana is an effective tool to prevent the lifestyle diseases also. This article will explain about the preventive measures of lifestyle disorders through Ayurvedic principles.
Allelopathic Effects of Extract Robinia pseudoacacia L. and Chenopodium album L. on Germination of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
Authors: Bektić Sanida , Huseinović Samira , Husanović Jasminka , Memić Senad
Published: October 2021

Allelopathy can have an important applicaiton in areas of agriculture, especially in integrated protection from weeds, by using of allelopathic crops in different ways. In this research allelopathic effects of invasive species acacia (Robinia pseudoacacia L.)  and white goosefood (Chenopodium album L.) are explored on germination of   tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Water extracts of dry leaves of white goosefoot and acacia are prepared according tothe  method : Norsworthy (2003). Experiment has been made in controlled laboratory conditions. Results of this research show that acacia and white goosefood have negative allelopathy potential and they act inhibitory on germination of tomatoes. Research of allelopathy and allelopathic relationships of weed species and agricultural cultures represents a big challenge for those people who are working in food production, and at the same time can be an instrument of ecologically sustainable agriculture.
Detection of Bacterial Pathogens in Ready-To-Eat Foods: Potential Public Health Hazard
Authors: E. Odo Samuel , S. John Chidinma , C. Omekara Israel , A. Nwaubani Daniel
Published: October 2021

The right to obtain safe food is one of the most vital and fundamental human rights that must not be compromised or neglected; this is important because foodborne diseases can lead to prolonged disability and even death. Our study examined 28 samples of ready-to-eat foods, of which 27 samples (96.4%), contained bacterial contaminants. The bacterial pathogens isolated include Escherichia coli (50%), Salmonella spp (75%) and Staphylococcus aureus (85.7%). All the samples of jollof rice (100%), bean porride (100%) and eba (100%) were contaminated while 85.7% of egusi soup samples contained bacterial contaminants. The presence of these bacterial pathogens in the ready-to-eat foods poses huge risk to public health. It calls for immediate and sustainable action to prevent the possibility of foodborne disease out-break and intoxication capable of harming public health and socio-economic development.
Afrotonizar: estratégia de livramento, criatividade e processos de cura
Authors: De Azevedo Naymare Santos
Published: October 2021

Este ensaio faz parte da pesquisa para mestrado em andamento e busca investigar como as rotas de resistência ao projeto colonial que marca os corpos negros pode levar a processos de cura envolvendo experiências concretas traduzidas por meio do conceito/ação Afrotonizar, redundando na criação de redes de jovens negros que, através da criatividade e do empreendedorismo, buscaram construir narrativas descolonizadas sobre suas vivências.
Olhares negros e a importância d_ espectad_r
Authors: Da Soledade Tôrres Viviane
Published: October 2021

Este ensaio é resultante do trabalho de conclusão do curso de Especialização em Gestão Cultural Contemporânea: da Ampliação do Repertório Poético à Construção de Equipes Colaborativas, intitulado Olhos nos olhos quero ver o que você faz: uma análise sobre o espectador negro, correspondente à linha de pesquisa de Mediação Cultural. Toda a sua escrita tem como motivação o engajamento político de espectador_s negr_s pela garantia de representação e representatividade negra antirracistas. São analisadas recepções da imagem negra, configurando posicionamentos de espectador_s negr_s sobre seus corpos como constante vigília do fortalecimento das culturas negras e da criação de possibilidades de identificação de sua própria imagem. São compartilhadas as motivações para a análise da construção de imagem do corpo negro e olhar da pessoa negra.
Resenha do livro Cinemas latino-americanos em circulação: em busca do público perdido
Authors: Andrietta Gabriela
Published: October 2021

Resenha do livro Cinemas latino-americanos em circulação: em busca do público perdido, que apresenta importantes estudos sobre o público de cinema e a circulação de filmes na América Latina.
Cannabidiol‐induced activation of the metallothionein pathway impedes anticancer effects of disulfiram and its metabolite CuET
Authors: Buchtova Tereza , Skrott Zdenek , Chroma Katarina , Rehulka Jiri , Dzubak Petr , Hajduch Marian , Lukac David , Arampatzis Stefanos , Bartek Jiri , Mistrik Martin
Published: October 2021

Disulfiram (DSF), an established alcohol‐aversion drug, is a candidate for repurposing in cancer treatment. DSF’s antitumor activity is supported by preclinical studies, case reports, and small clinical trials; however, ongoing clinical trials of advanced‐stage cancer patients encounter variable results. Here, we show that one reason for the inconsistent clinical effects of DSF may reflect interference by other drugs. Using a high‐throughput screening and automated microscopy, we identify cannabidiol, an abundant component of the marijuana plant used by cancer patients to mitigate side effects of chemotherapy, as a likely cause of resistance to DSF. Mechanistically, in cancer cells, cannabidiol triggers the expression of metallothioneins providing protective effects by binding heavy metal‐based substances including the bis‐diethyldithiocarbamate‐copper complex (CuET). CuET is the documented anticancer metabolite of DSF, and we show here that the CuET’s anticancer toxicity is effectively neutralized by metallothioneins. Overall, this work highlights an example of undesirable interference between cancer therapy and the concomitant usage of marijuana products. In contrast, we report that insufficiency of metallothioneins sensitizes cancer cells toward CuET, suggesting a potential predictive biomarker for DSF repurposing in oncology.
Stretchable Soft Composites with Strain‐Induced Architectured Color
Authors: Poloni Erik , Rafsanjani Ahmad , Place Vadim , Ferretti David , Studart André R.
Published: October 2021

Colors enable interaction and communication between living species in a myriad of biological and artificial environments. While living organisms feature low‐power mechanisms to dynamically control color in soft tissues, man‐made color‐changing devices remain predominantly rigid and energy intensive. Here, architectured composites that display striking color changes when stretched in selective directions under ambient light with minimum power input are reported. The orientation‐dependent color change results from the rotation of reflective coated platelets that are embedded in a soft polymer matrix and pre‐aligned in a well‐defined architecture. The light reflected by the platelets generates structural color defined by the oxide coating on the platelet surface. By magnetically programming the initial orientation and spatial distribution of selected platelets within the soft matrix, composites with strain‐modulated color‐changing effects that cannot be achieved using state‐of‐the‐art technologies are created. The proposed concept of strain‐induced architectured color can be harnessed to develop low‐power smart stretchable displays, tactile synthetic skins, and autonomous soft robotic devices that undergo fast and reversible color changes through the mechano‐optic coupling programmed within their soft composite architecture.
Deep‐Red Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes Based on One‐Step‐Formed γ‐CsPbI3 Cuboid Crystallites
Authors: Miao Yanfeng , Liu Xiaomin , Chen Yuetian , Zhang Taiyang , Wang Tianfu , Zhao Yixin
Published: October 2021

Inorganic CsPbI3 perovskite with high chemical stability is attractive for efficient deep‐red perovskite light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs) with high color purity. Compared to PeLEDs based on ex‐situ‐synthesized CsPbI3 nanocrystals/quantum dots suffering from low conductivity and efficiency droop under high current densities, in situ deposited 3D CsPbI3 films from precursor solutions can maintain high conductivity but show high trap density. Here, it is demonstrated that introducing diammonium iodide can increase the size of colloids in the precursor solution, retard the phase‐transition rate, and passivate trap states of the in‐situ‐formed cuboid crystallites. The PeLED based on the one‐step‐formed 3D CsPbI3 cuboid crystallite films shows a peak external quantum efficiency (EQE) value up to 15.03% because of the high conductivity and reduced trap states. Furthermore, this one‐step method also has a wide processing window, which is attractive for flow‐line production of large‐area PeLED modules. The fabrication of a 9 cm2 PeLED that exhibits a peak EQE of 10.30% is successfully demonstrated.
Spatially Controlled 3D Printing of Dual‐Curing Urethane Elastomers
Authors: Howell Brian M. , Cook Caitlyn C. , Grapes Michael D. , Dubbin Karen , Robertson Emily L. , Sain John D. , Sullivan Kyle T. , Duoss Eric B. , Bukovsky Eric V.
Published: October 2021

3D printing of functional materials with spatial control of structure and composition is useful for many applications and increases design space. Here, a microextrusion‐based method, known as direct ink writing (DIW), is harnessed to further advance 3D complexity by tuning dual‐cure ink formulations via varying fillers and filler concentrations. In these inks, low‐molecular‐weight minor acrylate components enable printing of complex shapes by rapid UV curing during printing while the major heat‐cured urethane components provide elastomeric properties when forming a urethane‐grafted acrylate polymer (UGAP). The printing process itself displays exquisite control of structure and composition as well as robustness to inks exhibiting a wide range of yield stresses (between 11.5 and 8042 Pa) while still maintaining necessary shape retention during printing. By incorporating micro‐ or nanosized solid fillers in the inks, an expansive range of both structural and mechanical properties are achievable. Additionally, by modulating the ratio of resin and solid fillers, various combinations of print‐mold and pore‐forming steps can be employed to expand the design space. The power and versatility of these process permutations are demonstrated by producing a broad range of complex components with controlled properties and performance for applications such as soft robotics.
Initiating Electron Transfer in Doubly Curved Nanographene Upon Supramolecular Complexation of C60
Authors: Zank Simon , Fernández‐García Jesús M. , Stasyuk Anton J. , Voityuk Alexander A. , Krug Marcel , Solà Miquel , Guldi Dirk M. , Martín Nazario
Published: October 2021

The formation of supramolecular complexes between C60 and a molecular nanographene endowed with both positive and negative curvatures is described. The presence of a corannulene moiety and the saddle shape of the molecular nanographene allows the formation of complexes with 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1 stoichiometries. The association constants for the three possible supramolecular complexes were determined by 1H NMR titration. Furthermore, the stability of the three complexes was calculated by theoretical methods that also predict the photoinduced electron transfer from the curved nanographene to the electron acceptor C60. Time‐resolved transient absorption measurements on the ns‐time scale showed that the addition of C60 to NG‐1 solutions and photo‐exciting them at 460 nm leads to the solvent‐dependent formation of new species, in particular the formation of the one‐electron reduced form of C60 in benzonitrile was observed.
When is protection not conservation? A case study of semi‐natural freshwater marshes in Hong Kong
Authors: So Ken Ying Kin , Dudgeon David
Published: October 2021

Active and abandoned paddy fields are valuable habitats for aquatic fauna in monsoonal Asia. Changes in land use and farming practices have caused substantial losses of paddy‐derived marshes in recent decades. Few of those remaining have been designated as protected areas for biodiversity or are managed for conservation.

Between 2014 and 2017, 35 paddy‐derived marshes (13 protected and 22 unprotected) in Hong Kong were visited with the aim of sampling aquatic macroinvertebrates and assessing the vulnerability of sites to different threats. Twenty of them had been sampled in 1996, allowing the investigation of biodiversity change over time in relation to protection status. The representativeness of protected marshes was evaluated based on their α‐, β‐ and γ‐diversity.

In total, 272 macroinvertebrate taxa were recorded (mean, 57 morphospecies per site). Out of the 20 resurveyed sites, five (three protected) were terrestrialized and four (all unprotected) had been filled in between 1996 and 2014–2017. The relative changes in α‐ and β‐diversity of the remaining 11 resurveyed marshes were unaffected by their protection status.

The 10 remaining protected marshes had similar α‐ and β‐diversity to those of unprotected sites and, in total, hosted fewer species than the mean value obtained in 9,999 random selections of the same number of sites, indicating that macroinvertebrate diversity was not very well represented within the protected marshes.

Protection alone was not successful as a conservation measure because it failed to prevent the degradation and loss of paddy‐derived marshlands in Hong Kong. Furthermore, a failure to consider biodiversity when the sites were designated as protected reduced the representativeness and effectiveness of the protected area network for achieving the conservation objectives.

Conservation planners need to take account of freshwater biodiversity (especially aquatic insects) during the selection of marshland sites for protection and ensure that protected sites are appropriately managed.
Novel dual‐sensitization electrochemiluminescence immunosensor using photopermeable Ru(bpy)32+‐doped chitosan/SiO2 nanoparticles as labels and chitosan‐decorated Nafion/MWNTs composites as enhancer
Authors: Chang Zheng , Zhang Chao , Yao Binghua
Published: October 2021

A novel dual‐sensitization electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunosensor for the detection of tumour protein prostate specific antigen (PSA) at trace level using Ru(bpy)32+‐doped chitosan/SiO2 nanoparticles (Ru(bpy)32+/chitosan/SiO2 NPs) as the first signal enhancers was fabricated. Due to chitosan with excellent pore forming capacity, these nanoparticles possess porous structures and better photopermeability, and therefore have higher luminescence efficiencies compared with Ru(bpy)32+/SiO2 NPs reported in previous publications. Conversely, chitosan with good biocompatibility and high hydrophilicity was electrochemically decorated onto a Nafion/multiwall carbon nanotubes (Nafion/MWNTs) modified electrode surface and used as the second sensitizing matrix to seize large amounts of prostate specific capture antibody (Ab1). The chitosan‐decorated Nafion/MWNTs composites exhibited a 5.5‐times higher ECL intensity than the unadorned Nafion/MWNTs films. Also, without additional reagents, such as (3‐aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTS), the one‐step functionalized Ru(bpy)32+/chitosan/SiO2 NPs provided a large number of active arms to connect with PSA‐detected antibodies (Ab2) through the amino groups in chitosan. After a sandwich immunoreaction, the PSA antigen and Ru(bpy)32+/chitosan/SiO2 NPs‐labelled Ab2 were sequentially captured onto the Ab1/chitosan/Nafion/MWNTs‐modified electrode surface. The ECL signal increases were linearly related to the PSA antigen concentrations and ranged from 0.01 pg·mLl−1 to 10.0 pg·mLl−1. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the immunosensor displayed excellent sensitivity and selectivity. The detection limit was as low as 3.4 fg·mLl−1, equivalent to, or better than, those of the reported ECL immunosensors for PSA.
Oat protein as a novel protein ingredient: Structure, functionality, and factors impacting utilization
Authors: Mel Roshema , Malalgoda Maneka
Published: October 2021

Background and Objectives

This review outlines the current state of oat usage and potential use as a protein ingredient, oat protein extraction techniques, oat protein structure and functionality, and the effect of genotype and environment (G × E) factors on oat protein quality.

Findings

Oat protein shows structural similarities to soy glycinin and has the potential to be used as a novel functional ingredient in food processing. Additionally, the globulin protein, which accounts for about 70%–80% of oat protein content, exhibits high heat stability than most plant proteins. The protein content of oat is strongly dependent on G × E, as well as agricultural practices, such as fertilizer use, thus, the importance of investigating these factors for increasing oat protein utilization in the food industry.

Conclusions

The versatility of oat protein as a food ingredient is yet to be discovered, and current research addresses some of aspects of oat protein utilization, although more research is needed to determine G × E impacts on oat protein structure and functionality.

Significance and Novelty

This review provides novel insights into how oat protein can be used as a functional protein ingredient in food applications and how structural properties and functionality could be influenced by G × E factors.
How can the Dual‐atom Catalyst FeCo–NC Surpass Single‐atom Catalysts Fe–NC/Co–NC in CO2RR? – CO Intermediate Assisted Promotion via a Synergistic Effect
Authors: Cao Shoufu , Zhou Sainan , Chen Hongyu , Wei Shuxian , Liu Siyuan , Lin Xiaojing , Chen Xiaodong , Wang Zhaojie , Guo Wenyue , Lu Xiaoqing
Published: October 2021

Atomically dispersed catalysts are widely adopted in CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) due to maximal atomic utilization and high catalytic activity. Dual‐atom catalysts (DACs), with more dispersed active sites and distinct electronic structures compared with single‐atom catalysts (SACs), may exhibit diverse catalytic performance. Herein, the DAC FeCo–NC and SAC Fe–NC/Co–NC are employed as probes to explore DACs advantage in CO2RR. Results show that the moderate interaction between the dual‐atom center and N coordination balances structural stability and catalytic activity. CO is the only product on Fe–NC/Co–NC, and the high limiting potentials from −1.22 to −1.67 V inhibit further reduction. FeCo–NC assisted with CO intermediate exhibits low limiting potentials of −0.64 V for both CH3OH and CH4, comparable to those on Cu‐based catalysts. Under circumstance of applied potentials, CO2RR on FeCo–NC has greater advantages in yielding CH3OH and CH4 than that on Fe–NC/Co–NC, and hydrogen evolution reaction is severely inhibited. The intrinsic essence is that dual‐atom center can provide large spin‐polarization and multi‐electron transfer capability, rendering CO intermediates as effective electronic and geometric modifiers in CO2RR. This work highlights FeCo–NC as a high‐performance CO2RR catalyst toward deep‐reduction C1 products and elucidates CO intermediate assisted promotion mechanism via a dual‐atom synergistic effect.
Improving the detection limit in capillary isotachophoresis using asymmetric neutralisation reaction boundary
Authors: Koukalová Lenka , Glovinová Eliška , Ondračka Tomáš , Pospíchal Jan
Published: October 2021

An online method involving transient electrokinetic dosing and ITP with neutralization reaction boundary (NRB) and/or carrier ampholyte‐free isoelectric focusing (CAF IEF) was developed for the preconcentration, preseparation, and analytical determination of glyphosate in aqueous samples containing low concentrations of the analyte of interest. Various parameters were investigated in the framework of an optimization study with the aim of achieving the maximum concentration limit of detection (cLOD) decrease in minimum time. The proposed method used CAF IEF and/or ITP with NRB. The sample was dosed to the column on the stationary reaction boundary (CAF IEF) and/or moving reaction boundary (ITP with NRB), whereat a sharp pH step exists. Here, charge reversal was due to the ampholytes, and/or acid accumulation occurred because of charge loss. Similarly, the accumulated sample was mobilized with TE and analyzed using classical ITP in the second analytical column. Glyphosate (GLY), the analyte of interest, was chosen as a model substance for ITP with NRB and preconcentration as well as focusing preconcentration and CAF IEF using the asymmetric purpose‐built NRB. On one side of the asymmetric boundary was the zone of acidic pH; while the opposite side comprised a neutral/basic non‐conductive zone of the ampholyte—in this case, GLY. Such an arrangement enables the use of a lower pH on the acidic side, which allows the focusing of strongly acidic ampholytes and the accumulation of weak acids. The electrolyte composition and the dosing time were optimized, and a 14‐fold accumulation was achieved in 25 min compared to that by classical ITP and a 180‐fold accumulation was achieved through CAF IEF and preconcentration with a glyphosate sample. Both methods are simple and can be conducted using all commercial ITP systems.