bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Feedback mechanisms stopping the star formation in a pair of massive galaxies in the early Universe
Authors: Pérez-González Pablo , D'Eugenio Francesco , Pino Bruno Rodríguez Del , Perna Michele , Uebler Hannah , Maiolino Roberto , Arribas Santiago , Lamperti Isabella , Bunker Andrew , Carniani Stefano , Charlot Stéphane , Willott Chris , Böker Torsten , Parlanti Eleonora , Scholtz Jan , Venturi Giacomo , Barro Guillermo , Costantin Luca , Navarro Ignacio Martin , Dunlop James , Magee Daniel , Cresci Giovanni
Published: June 2024

Feedback is the key physical mechanism regulating galaxy formation. Stars in galaxies form when baryons radiatively cool down and fall into gravitational wells. Eventually, star formation quenches as gas is depleted and/or perturbed by feedback processes, no longer being able to collapse and condense. For massive galaxies, astronomers identify feedback from accreting supermassive black holes (active galactic nuclei, AGN) as the main agent responsible for quenching. We report the first spatially resolved spectroscopic observations of a massive, completely quiescent galaxy at $z=3.714$ (Jekyll) and its neighborhood. Jekyll is part of a galaxy pair with a compact, dusty, massive star-forming companion (Hyde). We find large amounts of ionized and neutral gas in the intergalactic medium around the pair, yet Jekyll has remained quiescent for more than 500~Myr. The emitting gas is consistent with AGN photoionization, but no AGN is observed in Jekyll. We find that, in contrast to standard scenarios, AGN in satellite galaxies can be critical contributors for keeping massive galaxies quiescent in the early Universe. After the accelerated formation and quenching of the massive central galaxy, tidally induced gas stripping additionally contributes to the star-formation regulation on subsequent satellite galaxy generations.
Effects of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract on cholesterol metabolism and antioxidant status in finishing pigs
Authors: Wang Wenjing , Xu Meng , Diao Hui , Long Qingtao , Gan Fang , Mao Yi
Published: June 2024

Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) is a natural polyphenolic compound, which plays an important role in anti-inflammatory and antioxidant. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of GSPE supplementation on the cholesterol metabolism and antioxidant status of finishing pigs. In longissimus dorse (LD) muscle, the data showed that GSPE significantly decreased the contents of total cholesterol (T-CHO) and triglyceride (TG), and decreased the mRNA expression of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoAR), cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CTP7A1) and Fatty acid synthase (FAS), while increased the mRNA expression of carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1b (CPT1b), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARα) and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α). Dietary GSPE supplementation increased the serum catalase (CAT) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), serum and liver total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) levels, while reduced serum and liver malondialdehyde (MDA) level in finishing pigs. In the liver, Superoxide Dismutase 1 (SOD1), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1), Nuclear Factor erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (NRF2) mRNA levels were increased by GSPE. In conclusion, this study showed that GSPE might be an effective dietary supplement for improving cholesterol metabolism and antioxidant status in finishing pigs.
Response of Cigar Tobacco Varieties to Potassium Stress and Dissecting Biochemical Determinants of Low Potassium Tolerance Mechanism
Authors: Chen Xinying , Wang Pingping , Ai Suilong , Begum Naheeda , Kong Dezhi , Nanaei Hojat Asadollahpour , Ahmad Munib , Jabeen Shaista , Zhang Lixin
Published: June 2024

Potassium content is an important standard for measuring tobacco quality, however research on low potassium tolerance mechanism in cigar tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.), which is different from regular tobacco, did not draw researchers attention. This study evaluated the tolerance to low potassium of 23 cigar varieties by studying 20 phenotypic and physiological indicators. Through principal component analysis, membership function analysis, and cluster analysis, the research comprehensively identifies the tolerance of cigar tobacco varieties to low potassium. The results indicate that the tolerance to low potassium of cigar tobacco is complex and varies with different traits and varieties. The present study identified six crucial indicators for measuring tolerance to low potassium in cigar tobacco leaves, including plant height, maximum leaf area, leaf surface area, total root absorption area, and active root absorption area. Based on the comprehensive evaluation value D of the low potassium tolerance coefficient of these six indicators, the study classified 23 cigar varieties and identified 1 low potassium-sensitive variety, 5 low potassium-low tolerance varieties, 11 low potassium-relative tolerant varieties, and 6 low potassium-tolerant varieties. The research outcomes significantly contribute to the elucidation of tolerance to low potassium in cigar tobacco, facilitating the evaluation, screening, and cultivation of cigar tobacco varieties resilient to low potassium conditions. Additionally, this laid the foundation for exploring scientific issues such as how plants can effectively utilize potassium, the mechanism of potassium ions in plants, improvement and development of cigar quality, augmentation of potassium utilization efficiency, and saving limited potassium resources to ensure long-term safety of potassium.
Flexible parent-like gene expression in a hybrid water-saving and drought-resistance rice under diverse environments contributes to its superior drought resistance
Authors: Wang Lei , Ma Xiaosong , Liu Yi , Liu Guolan , Wei Haibin , Luo Zhi , Liu Hongyan , Yan Ming , Zhang Anning , Yu Xinqiao , Xia Hui , Luo Lijun
Published: June 2024

Rice is one of the most important crops in the world. Rice production consumes lots of water and significantly suffers from drought stress. The water-saving and drought-resistance rice (WDR) confers good drought resistance and performs well in water-saving cultivation. A hybrid WDR variety Hanyou73 (HY73) exhibited superior drought resistance compared with its parents Hanhui3 (HH3) and Huhan7A (HH7A). Studies on drought resistance related traits revealed that HY73 performed like HH3 and HH7A on drought tolerance (DT) and drought avoidance (DA), respectively. Transcriptomes were analyzed for samples with various phytohormone treatment and abiotic stresses, in which HY73 was closer to HH3 in leaf while HH7A in root samples. HY73 and its parents differed largely in DEGs. GO analysis for DEGs suggested the different pathways of drought response in HH3 and HH7A. Parent-like expression analysis revealed that higher-parent-like expression pattern is prevailing in HY73, and the expression patterns significantly altered between abiotic-stressed/phytohormone-treated and control samples, which might help HY73 to adapt to different environments. WGCNA analysis for parent-like expression genes revealed some functional genes related with drought resistance that should contribute to the superior drought resistance of HY73. Genetic variation on promotor sequence was confirmed as the reason for flexible parent-like gene expression in HY73. Our study uncovered the important roles of complementation of beneficial traits from parents and flexible gene expression in drought resistance of HY73, which could facilitate the cultivation of new WDR varieties.
Advancing Healthcare Iot Security: Federated Learning and the Fedavg Approach
Authors: Reyaz Md Abu Talha , V Vanitha
Published: June 2024

Anomaly detection emerges as a crucial challenge in cybersecurity, particularly within the healthcare sector where the integration of open data is expanding rapidly. The recent surge in Internet of Things (IoT) device usage in healthcare has transformed patient care and monitoring. However, this growth also introduces significant security risks to patient data and the integrity of medical networks. Traditional intrusion detection systems are, in most cases, ineffective in IoT environments, which display dynamism and distribution characteristic. In response, this paper proposes a novel intrusion detection system using an innovative Federated Learning approach with the FedAvg Transformer model, aimed at healthcare IoT devices and networks. This system leverages the collective intelligence of edge devices while ensuring data privacy, thereby bolstering the security of health- care infrastructures. The design, implementation, and efficacy of this system in mitigating a broad spectrum of security threats are also detailed.
Potassium Chromate as The Primary Constituent of Renal Stones in a Child With Chronic Chromium Ingestion: The First Case Report of Chromate Urolithiasis
Authors: Ozaal Siddiqa , Jayasena Subashini , Mubarack Omar Mohamed Ozaal Abdul , Abeyagunasekara Anuruddha , Jasinge Eresha
Published: June 2024

Background
Paediatric urolithiasis is increasingly recognised and involves significant morbidity to patients. Most of the renal stones are either calcareous, consisting of oxalate, calcium phosphate or both but stones with potassium chromate as the primary constituent were never reported in literature.
Case presentation
A nine-year-old girl presented with a passing couple of stones per day in her urine for the preceding twelve days, without any other urinary symptoms. Her initial serum and urine biochemical investigations were within reference range. Abdominal imaging did not reveal any significant structural abnormalities.
A macroscopic assessment of her stones revealed a rare reddish-orange colour. Stone analysis by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscope revealed potassium chromate as the main component of her stone.
On further questioning, the patient’s mother revealed that the child was treated with an Ayurvedic medicine named ‘Thalisadhi Chooranam’ which was prescribed for bronchial asthma for six years. Analysis of the Ayurveda medicine revealed the presence of Chromium in it. She was kept under observation with sufficient hydration. Now the child is well without any complaints to date and the passage of stones has settled spontaneously.
Conclusion
This case highlights the fact that chronic oral chromium ingestion can lead to urolithiasis, in the absence of other systemic involvement of chromium toxicity. So care must be taken when prescribing the drugs that have chromium more specifically in the context of alternative medicines and prescriptions for children.
Perivascular and Parenchymal Brain Fluid Diffusivity in Patients With a Recent Small Subcortical Infarct
Authors: Rudilosso Salvatore , Muñoz-Moreno Emma , Laredo Carlos , Calvet Angels , Rodríguez-Vázquez Alejandro , Girona Andres , Calderon Maria dels Angels , Zarco Federico , Gil-López Francisco , Arboix Adrià , Hernandez Maria Valdes , Coello Roberto Duarte , Urra Xabier , Wardlaw Joanna M , Chamorro Ángel
Published: June 2024

We aimed to analyze the relationships between brain fluid diffusivity, perivascular spaces (PVS) dilation, and small vessel disease (SVD) severity in 50 patients with a recent small subcortical infarct. We collected clinical variables, including the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The 3-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) acquisition included standard structural sequences and multishell-diffusion images to obtain brain fluid estimates, such as extracellular free water (FW) content and water diffusivity along the perivascular space (ALPS ) index. We obtained volumetric measures of brain white matter hyperintensity (WMH) normalized to intracranial volume, and PVS in basal ganglia and white matter regions. We counted lacunes and microbleeds, then calculated a summary SVD score (range 0–4, one point awarded for the presence of each of the four SVD markers). Using linear regression models including age, sex, history of hypertension, diabetes, PSQI, WMH ratio, and brain volume, we found a strong association (0.008 < Beta < 0.054; P < 0.045) between FW and PVS in both regions in all models. Higher FW in normal-appearing white matter was related to all SVD features in univariable models and remained significant for WMH ratio (1.175 < Beta < 1.262; P < 0.001) and brain volume (Beta < 0.0001; P < 0.002) in multivariable models. We found no associations between ALPS index and FW, PVS, or any other SVD markers. The increased extracellular water in SVD suggests impaired brain fluid dynamics, PVS dilation, and other SVD features are linked; the lack of association with ALPS index suggests ALPS is not specific to PVS diffusion.
The psychological and neuro-morphological predictors of resilience in healthy adults: The whole is more than the sum of its parts
Authors: Fabrizio Carlo , Picerni Eleonora , Laricchiuta Daniela , Decandia Davide , Piras Fabrizio , Termine Andrea , Spalletta Gianfranco , Petrosini Laura , Cutuli Debora
Published: June 2024

Research in neuroscience has shifted the focal point from a pathological orientation (responses to recover from trauma or stress) to an emphasis on the role of resilience in health (protective factors to maintain health levels despite eventual adversities). Even if multiple single factors impact resilience capacities, an integrative predictive model including psychological constructs, personality traits and brain structural features may offer a deeper knowledge on trait resilience. We examined the associations between Resilience Scale-10 scores with numerous psychological dimensions, personality traits, and neuro-morphological features (brain volumes and thickness) in healthy adults of both sexes. Furthermore, we investigated the predictors potentially associated to resilience by regression modeling.
Resilience values were predicted: positively by some personality characteristics (Conscientiousness, Openness, Resourcefulness, Enlightened second nature), psychological dimensions (Self-efficacy, Positive affect, Confidence), and brain morphological aspects (volumes of amygdala and hippocampus, and cortical thickness of temporal pole); and negatively by other personality traits (Fear of uncertainty) and psychological dimensions (Anxiety, Depression, Need for Approval).
The identification of the multiple psychological and personality features and neuro-morphological aspects associated to resilience represents a critical step to understand the factors that predispose individuals to be resilient and eventually to develop novel approaches for resilience promotion.
Determination of carriers of deafness-infertility syndrome in Peru
Authors: Cuellar Luana Ventura , Jascha Kevin Aviles , Abarca-Barriga Hugo
Published: June 2024

The prevalence of deafness-infertility syndrome (DIS) is approximately 1%. Genetic heterogeneity is one cause of homozygous copy number variants (CNVs) involving the CATSPER2 and STRC genes, which are associated with DIS and male infertility. Because the prevalence of DIS in Peru is unknown, we aimed to determine the frequency of carriers of DIS-related genes. In this descriptive crossover study, we evaluated the clinical histories and chromosomal microarray analysis results of patients at the Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño Breña from 2015-2022. All patients with CNVs involving the CATSPER2 and STRC genes were included, and the frequencies of carriers and affected patients were determined using Hardy‒Weinberg equilibrium. Relative frequency differences were calculated using the chi-square test with goodness-of-fit for natural regions and poverty groups in Peru. Of 2,142 patients screened, 35 met the inclusion criteria; according to the results, approximately 367,364 people were estimated to be DIS carriers in Peru, and approximately 57,442 people had deafness and infertility. The proportion of carriers in Peru was similar to that observed in other population studies. Additionally, people in regions with higher poverty rates exhibited a greater carrier frequency, suggesting that a patient’s region of origin could be a criterion for DIS screening.
Epidemiological dominance of the most virulent HPAIV H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b strains: insights from experimental infections of Pekin ducks (Anas platyrynchos)
Authors: Piesche Ronja , Breithaupt Angele , Pohlmann Anne , King Jacqueline , Ahrens Ann-Kathrin , Beer Martin , Harder Timm C. , Grund Christian
Published: June 2024

Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5 viruses (HPAIV) pose an ongoing threat to wild birds and domestic poultry worldwide. The emergence and establishment of clade 2.3.4.4b viruses in European wild birds since 2021 marked a significant epidemiological shift with transcontinental transmission to the Americas and Antarctic waters by the end of 2023. This study investigates the virulence of nine HPAI H5N1 genotypes co-circulating during the autumn and winter seasons of 2021 and 2022 in Germany. Contrary to the "avirulence hypothesis", the most virulent genotypes in ducklings showed epidemiological dominance in the field. Virulence in ducklings was assessed by the intramuscular pathotyping index (IMPI). In addition, occulo-nasal infection of ducklings with two representative viruses of high and intermediate IMPI score confirmed phenotypes obtained by IMPI. The intermediate strain revealed decelerated low-level virus replication with almost no enteral shedding but (transient) neurological infection. Comparison of the genetic constellation of the nine different genotypes point to an important role of the viral polymerase complex (RdRP), particularly the PB1 genome segment, in shaping virulence and infection dynamics in ducklings. Overall, the results are in favour of the 'virulence-transmission trade-off' model for the previous HPAI panzootic in Germany, suggesting that the population size of susceptible hosts has not been a limiting factor for the spread of HPAI viruses. Breaking such transmission cycles would depend on diminishing host reservoirs due to fatal losses or gradually increasing population immunity in wild birds. In poultry, vaccination might help reducing susceptibility and mitigating the threat of HPAI outbreaks.
Reducing PKCδ inhibits tumor growth through growth hormone by inhibiting PKA/CREB/ERK signaling pathway in pituitary adenoma
Authors: Chen Xi , Mao Jianyao , Zhou Liwei , Jiang Weichao , Li Zhangyu , Li Yukui , Chen Sifang , Tan Guowei , Wang Chen , Sun Jinli
Published: June 2024

Patients with growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenoma (GHPA) cannot exhibit molecular signatures associated with tumorigenesis. In this study, we aim to investigate the role of PKCδ in modulating cell apoptosis, migration, invasion, and tumor growth in pituitary adenoma. We assessed the activation of the PKA/CREB/ERK signaling pathway and cell apoptosis through RT-qPCR and western blot analysis. The wound-healing assay, transwell migration, and invasion assay were used to evaluate the cell's migration and invasion abilities. Treatment with rottlerin and PMA together reversed the inhibition of the PKA/CREB/ERK signaling pathway, downregulated cell apoptosis, and reduced the secretion of growth hormone after rottlerin treatment in GH3 cells. A decrease in the level of PKCδ also inhibited the PKA/CREB/ERK signaling pathway, reduced cell apoptosis, and suppressed the secretion of growth hormone. Furthermore, growth hormone reversed the decrease in cell migration and invasion following PKCδ siRNA treatment. Importantly, we found that growth hormone reversed the reduction in tumor volume after PKCδ siRNA treatment in nude mice bearing a tumor model. To conclude, this study demonstrated that reducing PKCδ inhibits tumor growth by suppressing the growth hormone through the inhibition of the PKA/CREB/ERK signaling pathway.
Flexible and efficient ultraviolet photodetectors based on one dimensional MWCNT filled thermoplastic polyurethane nanocomposite freestanding films
Authors: Singh Shivraj , Verma Arpit , Chauhan Srishtee , Tripathi Ravi Kant , Sirohi Sidhharth , Yadav B. C. , Choubey Ravi Kant , Gupta Tejendra K.
Published: June 2024

Flexible ultraviolet (UV) photodetectors have attracted attention for many applications. Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) matrix nanocomposites have been prepared via solution mixing method with varying wt.% (0.1, 0.3, 0.5, and 1.0 wt.%) of MWCNTs. Surface morphology of MWCNTs/TPU nanocomposite films with 0.1 wt.% to 1.0 wt.% have been studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which show the uniform dispersion of MWCNTs in TPU matrix, and coating of TPU on the surface of MWCNTs. UV photodetection performance and its mechanism of these MWCNTs/TPU nanocomposite films have also been studies. It was found that the highest responsivity of 1.710 A/W, and highest EQE of 579.84% is found for the device made from PUCNT1.0 sample. The detectivity of all the devices made from MWCNTs/TPU nanocomposite films have also been measured, which suggests that the highest detectivity of 8.09×1011 Jones was observed for the device made from PUCNT1.0 sample. As the concentration of the MWCNT increases in the TPU matrix, the detectivity increases. These results provide us the clear guidelines to prepare the MWCNTs filled TPU nanocomposites for making free standing, flexible, and efficient UV photo-detecting devices.
Two new psychrotolerant Massilia species inhibit plant pathogens Clavibacter and Curtobacterium
Authors: Sedláček Ivo , Holochová Pavla , Sedlář Karel , Staňková Eva , Šedo Ondrej , Králová Stanislava , Umair Muhamad , Koublová Vendula , Švec Pavel
Published: June 2024

Three bacterial strains producing blue-violet pigmented colonies on R2A agar were isolated from a wet rock wall and lakes in a deglaciated northern part of James Ross Island, Antarctica. The isolated strains inhibited phytopathogenic Gram-positive bacteria, e.g. Clavibacter spp., Curtobacterium flacumfaciens, and Paenarthrobacter ilicis. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene indicated that the isolates belonged to the genus Massilia and the closest relatives were Massilia violaceinigra B2T, Massilia rubra CCM 8692T, Massilia frigida CCM 8695T, Massilia antarctica CCM 8941T, and Massilia aquatica CCM 8693T. A polyphasic taxonomic study based on lepA genes sequencing, automated ribotyping, MALDI-TOF MS, chemotaxonomy analyses, extensive biotyping, average nucleotide identity, and digital DNA-DNA hybridization calculations based on whole-genome sequences proved that the isolates represent a novel Massilia species for which the names Massilia pseudviolaceinigra sp. nov. and Massilia scottii sp. nov. are suggested, with the type strains P3689T (= CCM 9206T) and P5043T (= CCM 9029T), respectively. These two bioactive-substances-producing species may play an important role in shaping the composition of fresh-water Antarctic microbiomes due to the inhibition of various Gram-positive bacteria.
Outcomes of Open Versus Robotic Partial Nephrectomy: A 20-Year Single Institution Experience
Authors: Love Harrison , Yong Courtney , Slaven James E. , Mahenthiran Ashorne K. , Roper Chinade , Black Morgan , Zhang William , Patrick Elise , DeMichael Kelly , Wesson Troy , O’Brien Sean , Farrell Rowan , Gardner Thomas , Masterson Timothy A. , Boris Ronald S. , Sundaram Chandru P.
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Robotic assisted partial nephrectomy (RPN) has emerged in urologic practice for the management of appropriately sized renal masses. We provide a 20-year comparison of the outcomes of open partial nephrectomy (OPN) versus RPN for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) at our institution.
Methods: An IRB-approved retrospective review was conducted of RCC patients at a single institution from 2000 to 2022 who underwent RPN or OPN. In addition to demographics, procedural details including ischemia and operative time were collected. Oncologic outcomes were evaluated through Kaplan-Meier statistical analysis to determine recurrence-free survival (RFS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and overall survival (OS) analysis.
Results: 849 patients underwent RPN while 385 underwent OPN. 61% were male with average age of 58.8 ± 12.8 years. Operative time was shorter in the open group (184 vs 200 minutes, p=0.002), as was ischemia time (16 vs 19 minutes, p=0.047). However, after 2012, RPN became more common than OPN with improving ischemia time. RPN patients had significantly improved RFS (HR 0.45, p=0.0004) and OS (HR 0.51, p=0.0016) when controlled for T-stage and margin status. More >pT1 masses were managed with OPN than RPN (11.2% vs 5.4%, p<0.0001).
Conclusion: At our institution, RPN had an increasing incidence with reduced ischemia time compared to OPN over the last 10 years. While higher stage renal masses were more often managed with OPN, selective use of RPN does offer improved oncologic outcomes. Further investigation is needed to evaluate optimization of the selection of RPN versus OPN in the nephron-sparing management of renal masses.
Genotype × Year Interaction for Disease Severity and Fruit Yield in Tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum, L.)
Authors: Ayub Ashfaq , Zada Laiq , Sajjad Mohammad , Khan Sher Nawab , Khan Abid , Ahmad Naseem
Published: June 2024

Understanding the complex relationships among genotypes, environmental factors, and plant disease interactions is critical for effective crop management and breeding strategies. This study was designed to magnify the genotype x year interaction and its impact on disease severity and fruit yield of tomato cultivars during 2021–2022 growing seasons. Three commercial hybrids (Anna, Sahil and Cienaga) were planted in randomized complete block design across the years at Agricultural Research Station, Buner, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The tested tomato hybrids showcased highly significant differences (P ≥ 0.01) among the years, genotypes and genotypes by year interaction for early blight, late blight, bacterial spots, and fruit yield while significant (P ≥ 0.05) differences were observed for general disease occurrence. All the tested genotypes exhibited moderate resistance against early blight (2.4-2.9mr) whereas genotype Sahil was found resistant against late blight (1.8r) and bacterial spots (1.1r) across both the years. For general disease occurrence, genotypes Anna (2.4mr) and Sahil (2.3mr) were found moderately resistant. Genotype Anna produced maximum fruit yield plant− 1 (2.4 kg) as compared to other genotypes across both the years. This depict that assessment of disease tolerance is important for the genotypes across different environments in order to ensure yield stability of the tested genotypes under adverse situation. Thus, it is suggested that a thorough further studies on tomato genotypes and its interaction across the years will be beneficial in planning the future breeding programs for developing high yielding disease resistant tomato hybrids.
Research on Diagnosis of Milling Chatter in Thin-walled Parts Based on Improved Hilbert-Huang Transform
Authors: Li Xiang , Gong Yadong , Zhao Jibin
Published: June 2024

In order to achieve stable milling machining of thin-walled parts and improve the milling surface machining quality, a chatter diagnosis strategy based on the improved algorithm of Hilbert-Huang Transform (HHT) is proposed. Firstly, the largest Lyapunov exponent and the approximate entropy exponent of the dynamic force time-domain signals collected from the milling experiments of thin-walled parts were calculated to complete the evaluation of the nonlinear characteristics of the milling process. Secondly, optimization improvements are made to address the problems of modal confusion and spurious intrinsic mode functions in the HHT. Based on the statistical characteristics of the frequency components in the Hilbert spectrum extracted by the improved algorithm, a new chatter identification criterion is proposed and a diagnostic model is built from it. Finally, the reliability of the model prediction results was verified by using the actual measured surface profile correlation coefficients. The results show that the new diagnostic model has good versatility and accuracy for chatter identification compared to conventional methods.
Ransomware Detection with a 2-Tier Machine Learning Approach Using a Novel Clustering Algorithm
Authors: Zhang Ruoming , Liu Yuyan
Published: June 2024

Ransomware poses a significant threat to cybersecurity, causing extensive financial and operational damage by encrypting critical data and demanding ransom for its release. The proposed novel two-tier machine learning approach significantly enhances ransomware detection through the integration of network and file system activities, providing a comprehensive view of system behaviors and improving detection accuracy. Initial clustering of network activities followed through by a refined analysis of file system data enables the identification of complex ransomware patterns. Extensive experimentation has demonstrated that this approach outperforms existing methods, achieving higher precision, recall, and overall accuracy while maintaining scalability and robustness. The research highlights the importance of leveraging diverse data sources and advanced machine learning techniques to create more resilient and effective cybersecurity defenses. The findings demonstrate the potential for practical applications in real-world scenarios, offering a significant advancement in the fight against ransomware and contributing to the protection of critical organizational assets.
ISLAM AND STATE’S LEGAL PLURALISM
Authors: Afandi Fachrizal , Bagaskoro Ladito Risang
Published: June 2024

The article seeks to investigate the intersection of local-based religion legal system and state’s legal system. It focuses on the constitutional debates on the position and the status of Aceh Qanun Jinayat within the Indonesian legal system and how the Indonesian Supreme Court the Islamic penal law based on Aceh’s Qanun in their decisions. Using the legal research approach, this article begins with the background of the Qanun Jinayat implementation in Aceh, then discusses the constitutional debates on the position of the Qanun in the Indonesian legal system and ends with analyses of Supreme Court decisions on the application of the Qanun Jinayat in criminal cases in Aceh. This article argue that Aceh’s Qanun is similar to the other provincial regulation within the Indonesian legal system, which has limited areas to regulate the punishment in criminal cases. However, the paper found that although the Indonesian legal system forbids Aceh’s Qanun holds the penalty more severe than the National criminal law, the Supreme Court seems to accept these practices and use them in their decisions in Aceh’s criminal cases.
CULTURA ORGANIZACIONAL Y EL PROCESO ADMINISTRATIVO EN EMPRESAS DEL SECTOR TURÍSTICO
Authors: Villegas Gutiérrez Nathaly Dayana , Lucio Pillasagua Adela Del Jesús
Published: June 2024

La cultura organizacional y el proceso administrativo, definido como un conjunto de normas y creencias compartidas, desempeña un rol esencial en la toma de decisiones, la gestión del talento y la eficacia operativa en las empresas. De este modo, en Turisocean Oceanic Hotel S.A, el principal problema identificado es la alta rotación de personal, que impide el desarrollo de una cultura organizacional estable y afecta negativamente el proceso administrativo y la eficacia operativa de la empresa. por lo tanto, el objetivo general de este estudio es analizar la cultura organizacional y su incidencia en el proceso administrativo del hotel, destacando cómo las normas y creencias compartidas influyen en la toma de decisiones, la gestión del talento y la eficacia operativa. La investigación se desarrolló utilizando un enfoque no experimental con un alcance descriptivo, correlacional y de campo. Además, se emplearon métodos deductivo, inductivo, bibliográfico, y se aplicó la técnica de la entrevista y la ficha de observación. Los resultados revelaron que la cultura organizacional en Turisocean Oceanic Hotel S.A. influye significativamente en la toma de decisiones y en la gestión del talento.
GESTIÓN ADMINISTRATIVA Y EL DESEMPEÑO LABORAL EN LA UNIDAD DE ADMINISTRACIÓN DEL TALENTO HUMANO, UNESUM
Authors: Gómez Toala Angie Michelle , Yoza Rodríguez Narciso Roberto
Published: June 2024

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la incidencia de la gestión administrativa en el desempeño laboral de la Unidad de Talento Humano de la UNESUM. Utilizando un enfoque mixto de métodos cualitativos y cuantitativos, se encuestó a 13 funcionarios de la Unidad de Talento Humano, incluyendo al director del área. Los resultados mostraron que el 77% calificó la administración del talento humano como buena, el 85% conoce del plan estratégico, y el 62% identificó la capacitación y el desarrollo profesional como los factores más influyentes en su desempeño laboral. Sin embargo, el 33% indicó no recibir capacitación continua, y un 15% desconocía el plan estratégico, destacando áreas de mejora. La mayoría sugirió agilizar los procesos administrativos en un 38% como una acción clave. En comparación con estudios similares, UNESUM mostró mejores prácticas de comunicación y cumplimiento normativo, aunque aún existen áreas para optimizar la formación continua y la eficiencia operativa. Las conclusiones señalan la necesidad de fortalecer los programas de capacitación, mejorar la eficiencia de los procesos administrativos y asegurar una comunicación efectiva de las normativas y estrategias.
PROCESOS DE CONTRATACIÓN EN EL GOBIERNO AUTÓNOMO DESCENTRALIZADO MUNICIPAL DEL CANTÓN JIPIJAPA
Authors: Peragallo Limones María José , Moreira Cañarte Mercy Karina
Published: June 2024

La eficiencia en el proceso de contratación de las instituciones públicas es de vital importancia para el funcionamiento efectivo, de esta misma manera el talento humano debe ser calificado y formado de acuerdo a las políticas y normativas establecidas por la entidad, además de las regulaciones del Estado. En relación a lo mencionado, esta investigación tiene como objetivo abordar la importancia de la gestión de talento humano en los procesos de contratación, como el reclutamiento y selección de personal, identificando la conexión directa entre la calidad del personal y la eficiencia operativa en la prestación de servicios esenciales, dentro del Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado Municipal del cantón Jipijapa. Por lo tanto, la metodología tuvo un enfoque cuantitativo y cuantitativo, los métodos empleados fueron el método deductivo e inductivo, analítico y bibliográfico, se aplicó la técnica de las encuestas y la población estuvo conformada por 20 funcionarios públicos. Entre los resultados se destaca que el 75% de los encuestados afirmó que los procesos de contratación se efectúan siempre de acuerdo con las políticas y reglamentos de la institución, mientras que un 10% indicó que esto ocurre casi siempre y un 15% se mantuvo neutral.
Effect of Protein and Gum Concentrates on Milk Ice-Cream Consistency and Structure
Authors: Landikhovskaya Anna , Tvorogova A.
Published: June 2024

Milk-containing ice-cream has a reduced content of milk non-fat solids, which affects its consistency and structure. The research objective was to study the effect of milk and whey protein concentrates on the consistency and structure of milk-containing ice-cream. It also featured effective compositions of polysaccharides based on guar, xanthan, and tara gums. Traditional milk ice-cream served as control. The rheological, microstructural, and thermostatic research methods revealed that complex food additives with gums and protein concentrates improved the viscosity of icecream mixes. The sample with protein concentrates and guar and xanthan gums showed the best dynamic viscosity indicators, which exceeded those of the control sample by 2.2 times. The combination of protein and gum concentrates in milk-containing ice-cream reduced its hardness by 1.4–2.0 times. The high dispersion of ice crystals and the air phase were comparable to those of the conventional ice-cream. However, the samples with whey protein concentrates and guar and xanthan gums very soon experienced a significant decrease (1.5 times) in the air phase dispersion. Stabilizers based on gums and milk protein concentrate raised the thermal stability of the final product while whey stabilizers reduced it. Milk and whey protein concentrates, as well as guar, xanthan, and tara gums, proved efficient as part of stabilization systems in milk-containing ice-cream.
Modeling Protein-Carbohydrate Composition of Products Made by Preheated Cheese Technology
Authors: Sviridenko Galina , Shishkina Anastasiya , Kalabushkin Vasiliy , Alekseeva Elena
Published: June 2024

The article describes the taste, smell, consistency, active acidity, penetration tension, and functional properties of products modeled on the basis of proteincarbohydrate raw materials, i.e., casein and modified starch, produced by the thermal technical processing. The physicochemical assessment involved standard methods. The list of functional properties to be tested included grating and shredding, melting, blistering, browning, and elasticity. The specialized pizza cheese rating scale was developed at the All-Russian Scientific Resarch Institute of Butter- and Cheesemaking. The taste of the product depended on the casein and starch ratio. In addition, the consistency and pH of the finished product depended on the type of modified starch and the concentration of the emulsifying salt. The research revealed a correlation between the penetration tension and raw material composition, moisture mass fraction, and emulsifying salt. The regression analysis made it possible to obtain equations for the effect of composition on melting and elasticity. The optimal ratio of raw materials resulted in a product that was close to preheated cheeses in many indicators: 25.8 % rennet casein, 18.3 % modified starch BL 240 with protein and carbohydrate ratio of 58.5/41.5, 1.0 % emulsifying salt, and 54.9% water, which provided 60.0 ± 2.0 % moisture content in the finished product.
EVALUATION AS A TOOL OF PROFESSIONAL POLITENESS OF RESEARCHERS AND EXPERTS
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Nefedov Sergey T. , Kondratenko Polina I. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: June 2024

The researcher is constantly evaluating ideas presented and embedding a certain degree of categoricality in the value-laden statements. On the one hand, the researcher must be categorical and persuasive to defend a personal point of view in a scientific discussion with colleagues. On the other hand, the researcher should maintain a maximal degree of politeness, keeping an open mind for further dialogue by avoiding overly categorical assertions. Otherwise, one may damage one’s professional face by provoking counter-critical reactions. Similar factors determine the communicative behavior of an expert, which balances between striving for an objective appraisal of the work reviewed as a whole not only of its positive and negative qualities and the establishment of respectful relations between the participants of scientific-expert communication. The aim of the present paper is to analyse the axiological aspect of socio-humanitarian research articles and scientific-expert texts in order to reveal the strategies of politeness in interpersonal projection. The research data are two corpora of theoretical articles on sociology in German and Russian and two corpora of German and Russian scientific reviews on Linguistics. The analysis focuses on the linguistic means of expressing the evaluative positions of the communicants and the strategies of polite communication employed by them. The methodology is based on the positions of sociological politeness theories, pragmalinguistics and discourse linguistics. The results fill the gaps in the description of the communicative profiles of scientific articles and reviews in German and Russian and identify linguistic and cultural specificity in the use of professional politeness strategies.
METALINGUISTIC ASPECTS OF POLITE COMMUNICATION BETWEEN AUTHOR AND READER (based on 18th-century German art history texts)
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Iashkova Anna V.
Published: June 2024

The article aims to study the metalinguistic characteristics of polite communication. The analysis is carried out on the material of German art history texts of the 18th century. Through the comparison of art history texts written by J. J. Winckelmann, J. G. Herder and H. E. Lessing it is being revealed how and for what purpose the authors of these texts use formulas of politeness. The analysis is based on the theoretical foundations of pragmatic linguistics, sociolinguistics and metatext research. The results show that the actualisers of positive politeness include, for example, adjectives with the meaning of confidence, emotional expressions and the inclusive pronoun wir. By using these tools the author seeks to solidarise with the reader in the general academic field. Negative politeness strategies are used by the author to avoid imposing their views on the reader. The following negative politeness strategies were discovered: showing caution by hedging, demonstrating a lack of desire to impose one’s point of view and attributing all responsibility for what is written by personalisation. The results demonstrate that in research articles the reader is actively, albeit invisibly, present in the text. In general, positive politeness strategies are used by researchers to demonstrate solidarity with the fellow researchers and the research community at large. Negative strategies either depersonalise the information conveyed or, on the contrary, personalise it. Both approaches aim not to put any pressure on the reader.
COMMUNICATIVE-SPEECH REALIZATION OF THE CATEGORY OF POLITENESS IN MODERN GERMAN POLITICAL DISCOURSE
Authors:   Military Academy of Telecommunications, Tsutsieva Mariia G.
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of the communicative-speech implementation of the category of politeness in modern German political discourse, associated with the manifestation of such professional and personal qualities of its main subjects — politician, as political correctness, persuasiveness, etc. The analysis is carried out on the material of the texts of modern German political discourse. The methodological basis of the analysis is scientific works on the theory of discourse and text, political linguistics, pragmalinguistics, sociolinguistics, cultural linguistics. The understanding of the category of politeness as an interdisciplinary dynamic phenomenon is accepted. The complex bipolar system of the category of politeness, which is based on a dynamic scale of communicative strategies and linguistic means of expressing both formally polite and emotionally expressive address, is updated in various types of discourses. When analyzing the features of the expression of the category of politeness in modern German political discourse, the syncretism of its functions, primarily ethical and persuasive, is taken into account. The interaction and mutual influence of the main functions of the category of politeness are shown on the example of the implementation of the communicative strategy of dialogization by the linguistic personality of a German politician in various situations of political discourse. The article substantiates the thesis that by creating a quasi-reality of dialogue, using speech politeness formulas, a politician has an impact on the audience to achieve political goals.
(IM)POLITENESS IN BAVARIAN DIALECTS (based on South German political discourse material)
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Ponomareva Anastasiya A.
Published: June 2024

Dialect is used not only as a means of spoken interpersonal communication, now-adays it can be found in advertising, media and political discourse. Dialects, not being the main language of political communication, can be used in contrast to the standard language for explicit and implicit transmission of emotions and evaluation as well as (im)politeness strategy in regional political discourse. The article examines the dialect as means of reflecting (im)politeness in political communication. It analyzes exam-ples with Bavarian dialect inclusions selected on the basis of the its morphosyntactic features and Bavarian dictionaries data from articles on political issues published in South German media, plenary session transcripts in the Bavarian State Parliament, Salvator festival speech transcripts and speeches of the Bavarian politicians at the Po-litical Ash Wednesday and the Gillamoos Festival published between 2003 and 2023. Thus, the linguopragmatic analysis of dialect in political communication showed that dialect inclusions can be used to represent both polite and impolite attitudes towards the interlocutor. Politeness is performed by the speech etiquette formulae (greetings, farewells and other polite expressions), because dialect defines belonging to the Bavar-ian culture and is associated with homeland, contributing to the creation of a trusting environment. In other cases, impoliteness, especially in relation to political opponents and / or non-dialect speakers, is expressed through emotional-evaluative vocabulary with pejorative meaning, appeal to non-Bavarian origin and disrespect for regional traditions.
HEDGING IN DEONTIC STATEMENTS (on the material of German and Russian languages)
Authors:   Minsk State Linguistic University, Sytko Anna W.
Published: June 2024

Тhe article examines ways and means of reducing the categoricalness of the deontic statement. The analysis is carried out based on the corpora of national languages, Russian and German. The nuclear equivalent of a deontic utterance in German and Russian is a deontic construction consisting of the obligatory components such as a deontic marker/predicate; an infinitive of a semantic verb denoting an action aimed at changing the situation; the deontic subject, or potential performer, of a required action as well as various optional components. The study focuses on figuring out the components of the deontic construction involved in reducing the categoricalness of the deontic utterance. The study shows that the interconnection of deontics and epistemics in the deep structure allows explicating the putative mode of deontic utterances for speaker’s pragmatic tasks. Based on the corpus data, it systematizes the means of marking the epistemic modus of a deontic statement. It reveals optional components marking fuzziness and indicating the uncertainty of necessity, which include temporal markers and quantifiers as well as various evaluative indicators contributing to communicative cooperation and creating a positive image of the speaker. It describes the semantic types of the deontic subject involved in the creation of the indefiniteness of the statement. The study addresses the role of the deontic source explication in reducing categoricalness. It reveals the role of the deontic performative in hedging the introductory message, which due to the performative formula is marked as informationally significant.