bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Type of residual astigmatism and uncorrected visual acuity in pseudophakic eyes
Authors: Hasegawa Yumi , Honbo Masato , Miyata Kazunori , Oshika Tetsuro
Published: January 2022

It is difficult to assess the pure impact of the type of residual astigmatism (with-the-rule; WTR, against-the-rule; ATR, and oblique astigmatism) on uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) in pseudophakic eyes due to different age distribution of patients between those subgroups. We conducted the current study to investigate the association between astigmatism type and UDVA in eyes after cataract surgery with consideration for various confounding factors such as age. Data were retrospectively collected from 1535 pseudophakic eyes with corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) of 20/20 or better, and spherical equivalent between − 0.125 D and 0.0 D. They were classified based on the pattern of residual refractive astigmatism into four groups; minimum astigmatism (< 0.5 D), WTR, ATR, and oblique astigmatism groups. The stepwise multivariate regression analysis showed that the magnitude of residual refractive astigmatism (standardized partial regression coefficient β = 0.559, p < 0.001), CDVA (β = 0.381, p < 0.001), minimum astigmatism group (β = − 0.188, p < 0.001), and WTR astigmatism group (β = − 0.058, p < 0.001) were significantly associated with UDVA (r2 = 0.795). Variables excluded from the multivariate regression model include age, preoperative corneal astigmatism, axial length, anterior chamber depth, intraocular lens power, and postoperative spherical equivalent. These results indicate that UDVA is significantly better in eyes with minimum and WTR astigmatism than in those with ATR and oblique astigmatism, after adjustment for confounding parameters. In pseudophakic eyes, oblique and ATR astigmatism exerts a greater impact on UDVA than WTR astigmatism does, even after controlling for age.
Investigation of actual exposure to facial sheet mask preceding its risk assessment
Authors: Zhou Lihong , Chen Jian , Chen Tian , Chang Huailong , Cui Wenguang , She Yuanyuan , Li Zhu , Tang Wenhua , Yuan Dengfeng , Chen Zhitao , Su Jin
Published: January 2022

The present study aimed to reveal the amount per application of facial sheet masks and its influencing factors in Chinese population to form the base for an accurate exposure assessment. A total of 175 healthy subjects aged 18 years or older were recruited and divided into two subgroups: one group of 35 subjects were asked to apply same mask for 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 min respectively, and the other 140 subjects were instructed to apply one of four types of facial sheet masks presented in the market for 15 min. Furthermore, phenoxyethanol and methylparaben were measured to reflect actual exposure to chemicals. The sharp increase in the relative exposure to phenoxyethanol (CAS NO.122-99-6) and methylparaben at 25 min and longer suggests applying facial sheet masks for longer than 20 min may drive the exposure to hazardous chemicals to increase significantly. The 90th percentile of amount per application for plant-cellulose, bamboo charcoal fiber, bio-cellulose, and binchotan charcoal fiber-based masks was 5.753, 5.371, 5.017, and 4.821 g respectively. In addition, men and subjects with sebaceous skin demonstrated lower amount per application compared to women and subjects with dry skin, respectively. Finally, our data showed that the larger the contacting area between face and mask, the more amount per application. We concluded that the appropriate time of application should be less than 20 min. And mask fabrics, gender, sebum content, and contacting area could significantly impact the risk assessment of facial sheet masks. Our data for the first time provides insights into a realistic risk assessment of facial sheet masks in Chinese population.
Nonconformity of biofilm formation in vivo and in vitro based on Staphylococcus aureus accessory gene regulator status
Authors: Jordan S. Caroline , Hall Pamela R. , Daly Seth M.
Published: January 2022

Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic, pathogenic bacteria that causes significant morbidity and mortality. As antibiotic resistance by S. aureus continues to be a serious concern, developing novel drug therapies to combat these infections is vital. Quorum sensing inhibitors (QSI) dampen S. aureus virulence and facilitate clearance by the host immune system by blocking quorum sensing signaling that promotes upregulation of virulence genes controlled by the accessory gene regulator (agr) operon. While QSIs have shown therapeutic promise in mouse models of S. aureus skin infection, their further development has been hampered by the suggestion that agr inhibition promotes biofilm formation. In these studies, we investigated the relationship between agr function and biofilm growth across various S. aureus strains and experimental conditions, including in a mouse model of implant-associated infection. We found that agr deletion was associated with the presence of increased biofilm only under narrow in vitro conditions and, crucially, was not associated with enhanced biofilm development or enhanced morbidity in vivo.
An oncogenic splice variant of PDGFRα in adult glioblastoma as a therapeutic target for selective CDK4/6 inhibitors
Authors: Hamada Taiji , Akahane Toshiaki , Yokoyama Seiya , Higa Nayuta , Kirishima Mari , Matsuo Kei , Shimokawa Michiko , Yoshimoto Koji , Tanimoto Akihide
Published: January 2022

Understanding human genome alterations is necessary to optimize genome-based cancer therapeutics. However, some newly discovered mutations remain as variants of unknown significance (VUS). Here, the mutation c.1403A > G in exon 10 of the platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha (PDGFRA) gene, a VUS found in adult glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), was introduced in human embryonal kidney 293 T (HEK293T) cells using genome editing to investigate its potential oncogenic functions. Genome editing was performed using CRISPR/Cas9; the proliferation, drug sensitivity, and carcinogenic potential of genome-edited cells were investigated. We also investigated the mechanism underlying the observed phenotypes. Three GBM patients carrying the c.1403A > G mutation were studied to validate the in vitro results. The c.1403A > G mutation led to a splice variant (p.K455_N468delinsN) because of the generation of a 3’-acceptor splice site in exon 10.PDGFRA-mutated HEK293T cells exhibited a higher proliferative activity via PDGFRα and the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)4/CDK6-cyclin D1 signaling pathway in a ligand-independent manner. They showed higher sensitivity to multi-kinase, receptor tyrosine kinase, and CDK4/CDK6 inhibitors. Of the three GBM patients studied, two harbored the p.K455_N468delinsN splice variant. The splicing mutation c.1403A > G inPDGFRAis oncogenic in nature. Kinase inhibitors targeting PDGFRα and CDK4/CDK6 signaling should be evaluated for treating GBM patients harboring this mutation.
Dimensional accuracy of 3D printing navigation templates of chemical-based sterilisation
Authors: Zhang Wenxi , Lin Xia , Jiang Junfeng
Published: January 2022

3D printed navigational templates have facilitated the accurate treatment of orthopaedic patients. However, during practical operation, it is found that the location hole occasionally deviates from the ideal channel. As such, there will be a security risk in clinical applications. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of chemical-based sterilisation methods on the dimensional accuracy of different materials and the influence of module parameters on the degree of deformation. We found that polylactic (PLA) modules sterilised with ethylene oxide (EO) would undergo micro-deformation, and these micro-deformation characteristics depend on the building direction, i.e., the module stretches in the Z direction and shrinks in the X and Y directions. Heat-resisting polylactide (HR-PLA) has the same melting temperature (Tm) as PLA, but its glass transition temperature (Tg) is greater than the EO sterilisation temperature, so there is no obvious deformation after EO sterilisation. The layer height of the module were inversely proportional to the degree of deformation in the same sterilisation method. The deformation time of the module is concentrated within 2 h after heating. The micro-deformation of the 3D printing module depends on its Tg, sterilisation temperature, and duration of the sterilisation cycle.
Preparation of tricationic tris(pyridylpalladium(ii)) metallacyclophane as an anion receptor
Authors: Danjo Hiroshi , Asai Kohei , Tanaka Tomoya , Ono Daiki , Kawahata Masatoshi , Iwatsuki Satoshi
Published: January 2022

A tricationic tris(pyridylpalladium(ii)) metallacyclophane was prepared and exhibited characteristic recognition behavior toward particular molecular anions such as nitrate, tetrafluoroborate, perchlorate, hydrogen sulfate, or sulfonate.
Possible atmospheric source of NH2SO3H: the hydrolysis of HNSO2 in the presence of neutral, basic, and acidic catalysts
Authors: Zhang Tianlei , Zhang Yongqi , Tian Shiyu , Zhou Mi , Liu Dong , Lin Ling , Zhang Qiang , Wang Rui , Muthiah Balaganesh
Published: January 2022

The hydrolysis reaction of HNSO2 without and with neutral, basic and acidic catalysts have been studied theoretically. The results were shown that neutral, basic and acidic catalysts could promote the formation of NH2SO3H both kinetically and thermodynamically.
Solvation of the Boc–Val–Phe–nPr peptide characterized by VCD spectroscopy and DFT calculations
Authors: Scholten Kevin , Merten Christian
Published: January 2022

Based on an extensive conformational sampling, VCD spectroscopy enables the characterization of the dominant conformers and solvation states of the title peptide in DMSO-d6 solution.
Pressure-induced evolution of crystal and electronic structure of neptunium hydrides
Authors: Li Shichang , Ye Xiaoqiu , Feng Chunbao , Wang Yilin , Gao Tao , Ao Bingyun , Li Dengfeng , Zhang Gang
Published: January 2022

Novel stable H-rich clathrate phases of Np–H system are composed of unusual H cages, and exhibit superconductivity behaviors under high pressure.
Electrochemical promotion of copper nanoparticles for the reverse water gas shift reaction
Authors: Wang Ju , Couillard Martin , Baranova Elena A.
Published: January 2022

Copper nanoparticles deposited on YSZ provides an opportunity of altering the reverse water gas shift reaction rate byin situcontrolling the oxidation states of a new copper nano-structured catalyst which is highly active and economic.
Direct measurement of radiative decay rates in metal halide perovskites
Authors: Simbula Angelica , Pau Riccardo , Liu Fang , Wu Luyan , Lai Stefano , Geddo-Lehmann Alessandra , Filippetti Alessio , Loi Maria A. , Marongiu Daniela , Quochi Francesco , Saba Michele , Mura Andrea , Bongiovanni Giovanni
Published: January 2022

A radiometric measurement of time-resolved photoluminescence that helps to identify unwanted photocarrier decay in hybrid perovskite thin-films for solar cell applications.
Tuning compatibility and water uptake by protein charge modification in melt-polymerizable protein-based thermosets
Authors: Andersen Emil , Chan Wui Yarn , Av-Ron Sarah , Sureka Hursh V. , Olsen Bradley D.
Published: January 2022

The effects of charge state on water uptake and mechanical properties of thermoset protein-based copolymers were investigated. Superneutralization was shown to reduce the material's mechanical property variation with humidity.
Prospectus of advanced nanomaterials for antiviral properties
Authors: Patoo Tabinda Showkat , Khanday Firdous , Qurashi Ahsanulhaq
Published: January 2022

Over recent years metal nanoparticles have received increased attention for the treatment of viral diseases. In the presence of metal nanoparticles COVID-19 viral processes such as attachment and replication are reduced leading to insignificant viral production.
Synthesis of potent antifungal 3,4-dichloroisothiazole-based strobilurins with both direct fungicidal activity and systemic acquired resistance
Authors: Yang Dongyan , Qi Xin , Zhou Xinhua , Li Zhengming , Zhou Hongjun , Fan Zhijin
Published: January 2022

A promising 3,4-dichloroisothiazole-containing strobilurin derivative with a cis-methoxy oxime ether as a linker, 7a, was identified with a broad spectrum of fungicidal activity and systemic acquired resistance activity.
Novel self-promoted phthalonitrile monomer with siloxane segments: synthesis, curing kinetics, and thermal properties
Authors: Wang Ting , Dayo Abdul Qadeer , Wang Zi-long , Lu Hui-min , Shi Cheng-yu , Pan Zhong-cheng , Wang Jun , Zhou Heng , Liu Wen-bin
Published: January 2022

In the study, we synthesize a novel auto-catalytic phthalonitrile monomer containing siloxane segments and secondary amino groups. The phthalonitrile monomer has good processability. And the new polymer shows a higherTg.
Roles of ethanol in coke formation and HZSM-5 deactivation during n-heptane catalytic cracking
Authors: Sun Jianyu , Tian Yuhang , Cao Jifeng , Huang Qilun , Fang Zilin , Ma Zhenzhou , Hou Xu , Yuan Enxian , Cui Tingting
Published: January 2022

Compared with n-heptane, ethanol easily interacted with the acid site of HZSM-5, promoting alkene and external coke formation.
A thin carbon nanofiber/branched carbon nanofiber nanocomposite for high-performance supercapacitors
Authors: Zhou Yongsheng , Xu Shibiao , Yang Jiaojiao , Zhou Ziyu , Peng Shou , Wang Xuchun , Yao Tingting , Zhu Yingchun , Xu Bingshe , Zhang Xueji
Published: January 2022

A symmetric device based on TCNF/CNF delivers a specific energy of 6.8 W h kg−1 at the specific power of 18.45 kW kg−1.
Biodegradable and crosslinkable poly(propylene fumarate) liquid crystal polymers
Authors: Liu Zhong-Cheng , Wang Meng , Huang Shuai , Yang Hong
Published: January 2022

Here we report biodegradable and crosslinkable poly(propylene fumarate) liquid crystal polymers prepared by ring opening polymerization and a successive isomerization process.
Palladium-catalysed diastereodivergent inverse-electron-demand oxa-Diels–Alder reactions of in situ formed cyclopentadienones via ligand-control
Authors: Yang Xing-Xing , Zhao Xing-Liang , Ouyang Qin , Du Wei , Chen Ying-Chun
Published: January 2022

Pd(0)-Catalysed asymmetric inverse-electron-demand oxa-Diels–Alder reactions between the carbonates of 4-hydroxy-2-cyclopentenones and several kinds of α,β-unsaturated carbonyls are reported.
Aquaglyceroporin AQP7's affinity for its substrate glycerol. Have we reached convergence in the computed values of glycerol-aquaglyceroporin affinity?
Authors: Falato Michael , Chan Ruth , Chen Liao Y.
Published: January 2022

AQP7 is one of the four human aquaglyceroporins that facilitate glycerol transport across the cell membrane, a biophysical process that is essential in human physiology.
An effective and recyclable decolorization method for polysaccharides from Isaria cicadae Miquel by magnetic chitosan microspheres
Authors: Yu Bingbing , Chen Yao , Zhu Lijun , Ban Mengmeng , Yang Li , Zeng Yeda , Li Shijie , Tang Chunzhi , Zhang Danyan , Chen Xiaoqing
Published: January 2022

Magnetic chitosan microspheres synthesized by a microemulsion method have a good decolorization effect on polysaccharides.
Utilization of transition metal fluoride-based solid support catalysts for the synthesis of sulfonamides: carbonic anhydrase inhibitory activity and in silico study
Authors: Ali Deedar , Amjad Sayyeda Tayyeba , Shafique Zainab , Naseer Muhammad Moazzam , al-Rashida Mariya , Sindhu Tayyaba Allamgir , Iftikhar Shafia , Shah Muhammad Raza , Hameed Abdul , Iqbal Jamshed
Published: January 2022

The applications of solid support catalysts in catalyzing organic reactions are well-evident.
Volatile components in Yinchenzhufu decoction and their pharmacokinetics after oral administration in rats
Authors: Zan Bin , Li Yuanyuan , Sun Xiaoshu , Wang Tianming , Shi Rong , Ma Yueming
Published: January 2022

In YCZFD, 85 volatile components (VCs) were identified and 11 VCs were quantified by GC-MS/MS. An HS-SPDE-GC-MS/MS method for determining 8 VCs in rat plasma was established and applied to compare the pharmacokinetics of YCZFD and its volatile oil.
Manipulation of charge carrier flow in Bi4NbO8Cl nanoplate photocatalyst with metal loading
Authors: Ogawa Kanta , Sakamoto Ryota , Zhong Chengchao , Suzuki Hajime , Kato Kosaku , Tomita Osamu , Nakashima Kouichi , Yamakata Akira , Tachikawa Takashi , Saeki Akinori , Kageyama Hiroshi , Abe Ryu
Published: January 2022

An efficient spatial separation of photoexcited carriers is demonstrated in a layered-oxyhalide nanoplate by controlling the direction of carrier flows upon Rh cocatalyst loading, which leads to drastic photocatalytic H2 evolution activity.
Charging of drops impacting onto superhydrophobic surfaces
Authors: Díaz Diego , Garcia-Gonzalez Diana , Bista Pravash , Weber Stefan A. L. , Butt Hans-Jürgen , Stetten Amy , Kappl Michael
Published: January 2022

We systematically quantify the charge of neutral water drops rebounding from superhydrophobic surfaces using electric fields and high-speed video imaging. The amount of charge depends mainly on the maximum spreading area of the drop.
Ultrapermeable nanofiltration membranes with tunable selectivity fabricated with polyaniline nanofibers
Authors: Ji Chenhao , Lin Cheng-Wei , Zhang Shenghao , Guo Yaoli , Yang Zhe , Hu Weiping , Xue Shuangmei , Niu Q. Jason , Kaner Richard B.
Published: January 2022

A nanofibrous polyaniline interlayer controls the reaction dynamics of the interfacial polymerization through its reversible acid doping chemistry.
Investigation and demonstration of all‐optical hybrid fiber‐FSO‐fiber CDMA communication system
Authors: Peng Fang , Ji Jianhua , Song Yufeng , Wang Ke , Xu Ming
Published: January 2022

The authors investigate and demonstrate an all‐optical hybrid fiber‐free space optical (FSO)‐fiber communication system based on optical code division multiple access (OCDMA). Under different turbulence effects, the interception probability and interception distance are used as security metrics, and optimal parameters are obtained when the system meets the requirements of reliability and security simultaneously. The interception probability increases with the enhancement of turbulence effect, and decreases as the number of interfering users increases. In the case of strong turbulence, the maximum interception probability is 4.14 × 10−4. The authors design and build a 10 Gb/s all‐optical hybrid fiber‐FSO‐fiber CDMA communication system. It is shown that, under the soft‐decision forward‐error‐correction threshold of 2 × 10−2, this scheme can guarantee physical layer security in the second 20‐km optical fiber link under different turbulence conditions, while the interception distance is 8 km in the first optical fiber link. Under the hard‐decision forward‐error‐correction threshold of 3.38 × 10−3, the whole system can ensure the physical layer security.
Effect of LiCoO2 on the positive temperature coefficient effect (PTC) properties of semiconductive composites and its ability to inhibit space charge injection
Authors: Wang Ciyao , Chen Shumei , Long Yu , Liu Yujia , Hao Chuncheng , Lei Qingquan
Published: January 2022

The semiconductive shield layer is between the conductive core and the insulation layer of high voltage direct current transmission cables and plays an important role in suppressing the accumulation of space charge in the insulation layer. Since the prevalent positive temperature coefficient effect (PTC) of the semiconducting layer leads to cable ageing and failure, this paper proposes the use of lithium cobaltate to modify the semiconducting shield to suppress its PTC effect and improve its ability to inhibit space charge injection. The ionic conductor LiCoO2 was prepared by the sol–gel method. LiCoO2 particles with particle sizes ranging from tens to hundreds of nanometres were obtained by ball milling. The prepared LiCoO2 was used as a filler to modify the carbon black (CB)/ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA)/low density polyethylene (LDPE) composites. After melt blending and moulding cross‐linking, LiCoO2/CB/EVA/LDPE semiconductive shielding specimens were successfully fabricated. Resistivity, Thermally Stimulated Depolarisation Currents (TSDC), and pulsed electro‐acoustic measurements were conducted for the prepared specimens. The PTC effect, which is common in polymer composites, was successfully suppressed, and the PTC strength was reduced by 17%. The resistivity of the semiconductive shielding layer was significantly reduced. The ability of the semiconducting shield to inhibit space charge injection from the conductive core to the insulation layer was significantly improved. When LiCoO2 content is 0.5 wt%, the semiconductive shielding layer has the best performance, and the space charge in the insulation layer was reduced by 70% compared to the undoped semiconducting shield.
Sub‐synchronous interaction damping controller for a series‐compensated DFIG‐based wind farm
Authors: Abdeen Mohamed , Li Hui , Mohamed Mohamed Abd‐El‐Hakeem , Kamel Salah , Khan Baseem , Chai Zhaosen
Published: January 2022

Sub‐synchronous interaction (SSI) phenomenon is one of the dynamic system problems that have an adverse influence on the safety and stability of the system.The use of supplementary damping controllers (SDCs) in the double‐fed induction generator (DFIG) converter controllers is quite promising due to their simplicity,low costs, effectiveness, and easiness of tuning. This paper presents a new effective input control signal, rotor voltage, to the SDC for damping SSI in a series‐compensated DFIG‐based wind farm. The proposed SDC is embedded into both the q‐axis and d‐axis of the rotor‐side converter inner current loops. Particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to identify the optimum parameters of the SDC which maintain the system stability at various operation conditions. Both eigenvalue analysis and time‐domain simulations have been carried out to demonstrate the capability of the proposed SDC for enhancing the system stability and damping SSI. Compared to the conventional SDC, the proposed SDC has the best performance where it can quickly and robustly damp the SSI at different compensation levels, different wind speeds, and sub‐synchronous control interaction.
Systematic evaluation of variability detection methods for eROSITA
Authors: Buchner Johannes , Boller Thomas , Bogensberger David , Malyali Adam , Nandra Kirpal , Wilms Joern , Dwelly Tom , Liu Teng
Published: January 2022

The reliability of detecting source variability in sparsely and irregularly sampled X-ray light curves is investigated. This is motivated by the unprecedented survey capabilities of eROSITA on board the Spektrum-Roentgen-Gamma observatory, providing light curves for many thousand sources in its final-depth equatorial deep-field survey. Four methods for detecting variability are evaluated: excess variance, amplitude maximum deviations, Bayesian blocks, and a new Bayesian formulation of the excess variance. We judge the false-detection rate of variability based on simulated Poisson light curves of constant sources, and calibrate significance thresholds. Simulations in which flares are injected favour the amplitude maximum deviation as most sensitive at low false detections. Simulations with white and red stochastic source variability favour Bayesian methods. The results are applicable also for the million sources expected in the eROSITA all-sky survey.
Detection of iron emission lines and a temperature inversion on the dayside of the ultra-hot Jupiter KELT-20b
Authors: Yan F. , Reiners A. , Pallé E. , Shulyak D. , Stangret M. , Molaverdikhani K. , Nortmann L. , Mollière P. , Henning Th. , Casasayas-Barris N. , Cont D. , Chen G. , Czesla S. , Sánchez-López A. , López-Puertas M. , Ribas I. , Quirrenbach A. , Caballero J. A. , Amado P. J. , Galadí-Enríquez D. , Khalafinejad S. , Lara L. M. , Montes D. , Morello G. , Nagel E. , Sedaghati E. , Zapatero Osorio M. R. , Zechmeister M.
Published: January 2022

Ultra-hot Jupiters (UHJs) are gas giants with very high equilibrium temperatures. In recent years, multiple chemical species, including various atoms and ions, have been discovered in their atmospheres. Most of these observations have been performed with transmission spectroscopy, although UHJs are also ideal targets for emission spectroscopy due to their strong thermal radiation. We present high-resolution thermal emission spectroscopy of the transiting UHJ KELT-20b/MASCARA-2b. The observation was performed with the CARMENES spectrograph at orbital phases before and after the secondary eclipse. We detected atomic Fe using the cross-correlation technique. The detected Fe lines are in emission, which unambiguously indicates a temperature inversion on the dayside hemisphere. We furthermore retrieved the temperature structure with the detected Fe lines. The result shows that the atmosphere has a strong temperature inversion with a temperature of 4900 ± 700 K and a pressure of 10−4.8−1.1+1.0 bar at the upper layer of the inversion. A joint retrieval of the CARMENES data and the TESS secondary eclipse data returns a temperature of 2550−250+150 K and a pressure of 10−1.5−0.6+0.7 bar at the lower layer of the temperature inversion. The detection of such a strong temperature inversion is consistent with theoretical simulations that predict an inversion layer on the dayside of UHJs. The joint retrieval of the CARMENES and TESS data demonstrates the power of combing high-resolution emission spectroscopy with secondary eclipse photometry in characterizing atmospheric temperature structures.
The currents, sea surface temperature, and salinity patterns in the Bay of Bengal
Authors: Amsalia Nadia , Haditiar Yudi , Wafdan Reza , Ikhwan Muhammad , Chaliluddin Makwiyah A. , Sugianto Sugianto , Rizal Syamsul
Published: January 2022

The Bay of Bengal is a semi-enclosed basin, with its southern side open to the Indian Ocean. Therefore, the current circulation is very influential in the condition of the ocean parameters. This study aims to examine the effect of current velocity on the distribution pattern of sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface salinity (SSS) in February and August in 2017 in the Bay of Bengal. This study uses the results of Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) data for the main parameters, namely current, temperature and salinity which were analyzed with the calculation results of precipitation and evaporation data. The results of the data obtained in February showed the average current velocity conditions and low SST and relatively high SSS in the south. In August the average current velocity and SST is high and SSS is low. The results of the average data of low rainfall and relatively low evaporation are produced in February, the results of the average high rainfall and relatively high evaporation are produced in August. The resulting value gives the results of the relationship between current circulation and changes in parameter conditions in the waters.
Characterization of hydrological aspects in Kolong Enam Retention Basin, Kijang, Bintan Island, Indonesia
Authors: Retna Melani Winny , Zulfikar Andi , Apriadi Tri , Muzammil Wahyu , Sabriyati Deni
Published: January 2022

Bintan Island in the Riau Islands Province is classified as a small island (±1170 km2) with limited freshwater resources. The availability of raw water on Bintan Island will certainly be determined by the characteristics of hydrobiological aspects of Bintan Island. Fulfillment of freshwater needs is carried out through the creation of raw water shelters in the form of reservoirs, pond, retention basin, dams, or abandoned bauxite mining pits. One of the raw water sources on Bintan Island is Kolong Enamretention basin. This study aims to examine the hydrological aspects of Kolong Enam retention basin in Bintan Island. The main data used in this study is digital elevation model (DEM) to extract hydrobiological aspects on Bintan Island. In our study found that Bintan Island has nine sub-watersheds. Kolong Enam retention basin is located in the catchment area of Gunung Lengkuas, East Bintan District. The catchment area of Kolong Enam retention basin has an area of 1067,31 ha, which consists of 3 river orders. With regard to vegetation coverage from 2000-2018, it is indicated that there has been a decrease in vegetation coverage in the Kolong Enam retention basin water catchment area.
Body wave dispersion characteristics of regional deep earthquake at Southern Ryukyus subduction zone
Authors: Haridhi Haekal A. , Huang Bor-Shouh , Sianipar Dimas , Purnawan Syahrul , Setiawan Ichsan
Published: January 2022

The convergent plate boundaries known as the subduction zone is the location where the cold, hydrate, and old oceanic plate subduct under the hot, dry, and young continental plate. The top of the oceanic plate, i.e. the oceanic crust usually is less than 6 km thick carries the hydrate material to the hot continental mantle, which is commonly an indication of the occurrence of the deep earthquake. From the recent studies, the deep regional earthquake body wave signal that occurred at the subduction zone was found dispersed and or shown as a waveguide. Thus, by examining these signals, we could further estimate the body wave characteristics at the subduction zone. A narrow bandpass signal and the maximum of Hilbert transform envelope are being used to estimate the delay time of the dominant frequency energy at the Southern Ryukyus subduction zone. It was found that the Southern Ryukyus has a larger delay with the dominant frequency at 2 Hz, thus, the signal travel within the oceanic crust where it acts as a low-velocity layer compared to the surrounding continental and oceanic mantle, inversely it is known as a high-quality material (preserve the high-frequency energy).
Diversity of marine plankton in coral reef ecosystems at Gosong Island, Southwest Aceh
Authors: Najmi Nurul , Suriani Mai , Mira M Rahmi , Ananingtyas S Darmarini
Published: January 2022

Plankton is a fundamental part of the waters, especially in coral reef ecosystems. This study aims to determine the abundance and diversity of plankton species, both phytoplankton, and zooplankton in the waters of Gosong Island, Southwest Aceh. This research was conducted in May 2021. Samples of plankton were collected from 4 sampling points with 4 replications. Phytoplankton consists of 51 species which are in 3 families, namely Cyanophyceae, Bacillariophyceae, and Dinophyceae. There are 17 species of zooplankton consisting of 7 families, namely Protozoa, Crustaceans, Urochordata, Polychaeta, Gastropods, Pelecypods, and Nematodes. The total abundance of phytoplankton ranged from 292,826 to 2,661,738 cells/m3, while the total abundance of zooplankton ranged from 4,957 to 32,870 ind/m3. The composition of the presence found at the study site was found to be higher in Cyanophyceae than Bacillariophyceae and the lowest number was found in Dinophyceae. Zooplankton is found in large to low numbers in the Crustacea, Protozoa, Urochordata, Gastropod, Pelecypoda, Polychaeta, and Nematoda. This research is able to provide an initial description of diversity, abundance, and several biological indices for follow-up research. Gosong Island is an island that has coral reefs, so it is necessary to carry out routine monitoring related to the type and abundance of plankton regularly.
Mahseer, the history of the king of the river
Authors: Muchlisin Zainal A. , Nur Firman M. , Maulida Siti , Syahfrida Handayani Luvi , Riska Rahayu Sri
Published: January 2022

Mahseers (Cyprinidae) is one of the most important freshwater fish in Southeast Asia. This fish is being a consumption fish, ornamental and sport fishing. Mahseers can grow up to more than 30 kg. Therefore, this species is called The King of The River. This paper reviewed some aspects of this interesting fish. A total of 54 papers have been reviewed where some of the papers come from our Ichthyos Research Group, Universitas Syiah Kuala. There are 50 species of mahseer throughout the world, where 20 species of which are found in Asia. Indonesia has four species of mahseer, namely; Tor tambra, T. tambroides, T. duorenensis, and T. soro, of which two species, T. tambra and T. tambroides are found in Aceh province. Between the two species, T. tambra has a wide distribution. The original habitat of the mahseer fish waters with speed currents, clear water, high dissolved oxygen, and low water temperatures. In the wild, mahseers migrate upstream for spawning during periods of high flooding in the early rainy season. The spawning occurs one or two months at the place that is inundated during floods. Mahseer is omnivorous, they fed on mollusks, aquatic plants, small fish, insects to fruits that grow on the banks of rivers. Mahseer fish in rearing ponds are often attacked by Lernea sp., Argulus sp., Trichodina sp., and Bothriocephalus acheilognathi worms
The abundance of herbivorous and coralivorous fishes during and after coral bleaching in Krueng Raya Waters, Aceh Besar District
Authors: Ulfah Maria , Khairunnas Khairunnas , Purnawan Syahrul , Utami Ida Afrita
Published: January 2022

This study aims to determine the community structure changes and to determine the abundance of herbivorous fish and coralivorous fish in Krueng Raya waters during and after the occurrence of coral bleaching. This research was conducted in three stages: June 2016, October 2016, and February 2017. There are 3 locations for data collection, including Benteng Inong Balee, Ahmad Rhang Manyang, and Lhok Mee in Mesjid Raya Sub-District, Aceh Besar District. Reef fish abundance data were collected at a depth of 36 meters using the visual census technique (VCT) -belt transect method. The study results show that there were six families, 17 genera, and 47 species belonging to the herbivorous and coralivorous fish groups. The mostabundantfamilywasthe Chaetodontidae family,while the leastfishfamily wasthe Kyphosidae family. The highest abundance of corallivorous fish was found at station 2 in October 2016, with a value of 509 ind/ha. The lowest was found at station 3 in October 2016, with a value of 182 ind/ha. The highest abundance of herbivorous fish was found at station 3 in February 2017, with a value of 498 ind/ha. The lowest was found at station 3 in October 2016, with a value of 150 ind/ha.
Improvement on small-scale tuna fisheries data quality through the Application of e-Logbook System
Authors: Raup Abd Syahril , Patmiarsih Sri , Juniar Rista Devi , Setyadji Bram
Published: January 2022

Tuna and tuna-like fisheries play a vital role in Indonesian livelihood, especially in the archipelagic waters. However, despite the importance, the concern in general data collection activities for tuna, i.e., limited, with incomplete scientific knowledge and insufficient data has hampered the assessment. The purpose of this study was to analyse on how fisheries-dependent data system could transform the data quality. For this purpose, the analysis was conducted based on e-logbook data from January to December 2020. The result showed that some robust fisheries indicators (catch, effort, fleet and species composition) could be produced from this particular dataset. In addition, e-logbook has the best attribute for improving the data quality, especially for small-scale tuna fisheries in FMA-714. Low cost and vast spatial and temporal coverage are the main characteristics on why the program should be expanded and monitored carefully in the future.
Fishing vessel queue model in Kutaraja Fishing Port: Case study of Wharf Pias II
Authors: Rahayu Rosi , Muhammad Muhammad , Kurnia Kurnia , Muna Zakyatul
Published: January 2022

Kutaraja international Fishing Port is one of the biggest port with highest activity in Aceh Province. Nevertheless, when unloading process, fishing vessel often occur long queue of fishing vessel. This study aims to identify the vessel queue landed in Kutaraja Fishing Port, identify the degree of usefulness of the system utility of unloading fasilities and identify the vessel waiting time in the queue at Kutaraja Fisng port. The methods used was case study and standard formula of multi channel single phase. The results showed that the model queue that occurred in Kutaraja Fishing Port was (M/M/4): (FCFS / I / I). Based on calculations by the standard formula queuing model, it was obtained that the rate of arrival of the vessel unloading was 22 vessels/day and the rate of the service time was 16 vessels/day. Value of waiting time in the queue was 0 hour and the number of vessels that queue do not exist, while the waiting time in the system was 3,4 hours and the number of vessel arriving in the system was 1,42 units.The result of the calculation also showed that utility value of the system almost reached the optimum value (1,37) and the probably no vessel in a system was 0,08.The efforts that can be made to accelerate the performance of fish demolition in Kutaraja Fishing Port, namely using cranes as tools when unloading fish on fishing vessel.
« Le numérique contribue à la maîtrise des coûts, des délais et des risques »
Authors: Spilios Corinne
Published: January 2022

Pour réussir le défi de la « continuité numérique », le Gifen organise la filière nucléaire pour que le numérique devienne systémique et réunisse l’ensemble des acteurs dans une démarche commune.
La planification 4D, cheville ouvrière de l’EPR 2
Authors: Le Gros Gaïc
Published: January 2022

La planification 4D fait partie intégrante du projet EPR 2 qui, outre les évolutions de design issues du retour d’expérience des EPR, se caractérise par une évolution des modes de construction. Cet outil numérique permet de visualiser et d’optimiser le déroulement d’un chantier afin de limiter au maximum les aléas.
Revisiting Lunotriquetral Arthrodesis in Chronic Lunotriquetral Ligamentous Injuries
Authors: Nickel Kevin J. , Curran Matthew W.T. , Morhart Michael
Published: January 2022

Background Chronic lunotriquetral (LT) ligament tears are a source of ulnar-sided wrist pain. Left untreated, complete tears of the LT ligament may progress to a volar intercalated segment instability deformity and eventual carpal arthritis. Various treatments have been proposed, one of which is LT arthrodesis. LT arthrodesis has been criticized for high rates of nonunion frequently requiring reoperation, and therefore has largely fallen out of favor. However, our experience has been quite different from the literature. This study examines a single surgeon's experience with LT arthrodesis over a 15-year period.

Methods A retrospective review of the senior author's practice over a 15-year period was performed. All adult cases of LT arthrodesis for chronic LT injuries were included. Headless compression screw and cancellous bone graft from the distal radius were used for primary arthrodesis in all cases. The primary outcome was rate of union, and secondary outcomes were time to union, secondary or salvage procedures, and range of motion. Nonparametric statistical analysis was used to calculate differences in outcomes.

Results Twenty-eight patients met inclusion criteria. The median age was 45.5 (interquartile range [IQR] 35–50) years and 75% were male. The dominant hand was most commonly affected. Eighty-six percent of patients achieved union, one patient required redo arthrodesis, and one patient went on to wrist salvage. Three patients developed a pain-free pseudoarthrosis. Median time to radiographic union was 8.8 (IQR 5.9–11.9) weeks.

Conclusion Despite multiple previous reports, this study demonstrates that LT arthrodesis for chronic LT injuries is a safe technique with high rates of successful union. Further comparative studies are warranted to determine the optimal treatment for chronic LT injuries.
Urological Impact of Epididymo-orchitis in Patients with Anorectal Malformation: An ARM-Net Consortium Study
Authors: Morandi Anna , Fanjul Maria , Iacobelli Barbara Daniela , Samuk Inbal , Aminoff Dalia , Midrio Paola , de Blaauw Ivo , Schmiedeke Eberhard , Pini Prato Alessio , Feitz Wout , van der Steeg Hendrik J. J. , Minoli Dario Guido , Sloots Cornelius E. J. , Fascetti-Leon Francesco , Makedonsky Igor , Garcia Araceli , Stenström Pernilla
Published: January 2022

Introduction To investigate the current experience of the ARM-Net Consortium in the management of epididymo-orchitis (EO) in patients with anorectal malformations (ARMs), and to identify specific risk factors and the need for urological care involvement.

Materials and Methods We retrospectively collected data of EO in patients with ARM between 2015 and 2019. Data on urological aspects, ARM type, surgical approach, associated anomalies, diagnosis, and treatment of EO were collected and analyzed.

Results Twenty-nine patients were reported by 12 centers. Twenty-six patients with EO (90%) had ARM with a rectourinary fistula. Median age at first EO was 2 years (range: 15 days–27 years). Twenty patients (69%) experienced multiple EO, and 60% of recurrences were ipsilateral. Associated urological anomalies included vesicoureteral reflux (48%), urethral anomalies (41%), neurogenic bladder (41%), and ectopic vas (10%). A positive urine culture during EO was present in 69%. EO was treated with antibiotics (90%), limiting surgical exploration to 14%. Prevention of recurrences included surgery (bulking agents 15%, vasectomy 15%, and orchiectomy 5%) and antibiotic prophylaxis (20%).

Conclusion Urologists may encounter patients with EO in ARM patients, frequently with positive urine culture. An appropriate urologic work-up for most ARM patients is necessary to identify and treat underlying risk factors. A practical scheme for the work-up is suggested for a close collaboration between pediatric surgeons and urologists.
The localization of quantum random walks on Sierpinski gaskets
Authors: Zhao Kai , Yang Wei-Shih
Published: January 2022

We consider discrete time quantum random walks on a Sierpinski gasket. We study the hitting probability as the level of the fractal graph goes to infinity in terms of their localization exponents βw, total variation exponents δw, and relative entropy exponents ηw. We define and solve the amplitude Green functions recursively when the level of the fractal graph goes to infinity. We obtain exact recursive formulas for the amplitude Green functions, on which the hitting probabilities and expectation of the first-passage time are calculated, and using the recursive formula with the aid of Monte Carlo integration, we evaluate their numerical values. We also show that when the level of the fractal graph goes to infinity, with probability 1, the quantum random walks will return to the origin, i.e., the quantum walks on a Sierpinski gasket are recurrent.
Resonant collisions between lumps and periodic solitons in the Kadomtsev–Petviashvili I equation
Authors: Rao Jiguang , He Jingsong , Malomed Boris A.
Published: January 2022

Resonant collisions of lumps with periodic solitons of the Kadomtsev–Petviashvili I equation are investigated in detail. The usual lump is a stable weakly localized two-dimensional soliton, which keeps its shape and velocity in the course of the evolution from t → −∞ to t → +∞. However, the lumps would become localized in time as instantons, as a result of two types of resonant collisions with spatially periodic (quasi-1D) soliton chains. These are partly resonant and fully resonant collisions. In the former case, the lump does not exist at t → −∞, but it suddenly emerges from the periodic soliton chain, keeping its amplitude and velocity constant as t → +∞; or it exists as t → −∞ and merges into the periodic chain, disappearing at t → +∞. In the case of the fully resonant interaction, the lump is an instanton, which emerges from the periodic chain and then merges into another chain, keeping its identify for a short time. Thus, in the case of the fully resonant collisions, the lumps are completely localized in time as well as in two-dimensional space, and they are call rogue lumps.
Effect of RF bias power on discharge mode transition and its hysteresis in inductively coupled plasmas
Authors: Zhang Aixian , Kim Min-Seok , Hong Young-Hun , Moon Jun-Hyeon , Kim Kyung-Hyun , Chung Chin-Wook
Published: January 2022

Hysteresis, one of the interesting characteristics of inductively coupled plasmas, takes place due to the nonlinearities of absorbed power or dissipated power [M. M. Turner et al., Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. 8, 313 (1999)]. In this work, the bias power effect on discharge mode transition and its hysteresis is investigated by measuring the antenna coil currents, time-average substrate voltages, electron densities, and electron energy probability functions (EEPFs). The behavior of hysteresis is comparatively analyzed by introducing a global model that considers the evolution of EEPFs and excitation state species (multi-step ionization). In the absence of bias power, a typical hysteresis appears at a gas pressure of 300 mTorr. The measured EEPF evolves from a Druyvesteyn distribution in the E mode to a Maxwellian distribution in the H mode with growing the antenna power from 25 W to 60 W. Interestingly, when a bias power of 30 W is applied to the substrate, the hysteresis vanishes, and the shape of the EEPF is maintained in each mode. The possible factors are considered the diminished changes in total energy loss (reduced nonlinearity of dissipated power) and in power transfer efficiency between E mode and H mode during the mode transition.
High speed imaging of Z-pinch gas discharge in extreme ultraviolet and model-based three-dimensional reconstruction of emitting volume
Authors: Melsheimer F. , Ranis M. , Grützmacher D. , Juschkin L.
Published: January 2022

We constructed a time-resolved imaging setup with 5 ns time step and 2 ns exposure to record plasma dynamics inside the electrode system of a gas discharge extreme ultraviolet source. To analyze the three-dimensional distribution of the emitting plasma, a model-based reconstruction method is implemented. It is applied to the experimentally recorded time-series images to visualize the transient dynamics of the emitting volume in the radial and otherwise inaccessible axial direction. The focus of this paper is the description of the experimental setup and the introduction of the three-dimensional image reconstruction technique for transparent axisymmetric sources. The influence of different fuel gases on plasma dynamics is discussed as an exemplary case.
Size dependent percolation threshold and microwave absorption properties in nano carbon black/silicon rubber composites
Authors: Jani Raj Kumar , Saini Lokesh , Vadera Sampat Raj
Published: January 2022

Silicone rubber based lightweight composites have been prepared using nano carbon black (CB) as fillers to achieve broadband microwave absorption properties and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding over the 8–18 GHz frequency range. The effect of the filler material characteristics on percolation threshold and resultant electromagnetic (EM) properties of composites has been investigated. The composites are prepared by loading different filler fractions (wt. %) of three nano size CB having different characteristics, viz., CB1 (∼5–10 nm), CB2 (∼15–20 nm), and CB3 (∼30–40 nm) in a silicone rubber matrix. The volume resistivity measurements suggest low value of percolation threshold, i.e., 2 wt. % for CB1-rubber composite, 3 wt. % for CB2-rubber composites, as compared to 15 wt. % for CB3-rubber composite. Filler concentration dependent EM properties, i.e., dielectric constant and dielectric loss tangent (tan δe), are evaluated for all the CB-rubber composites. Furthermore, calculated reflection loss (RL) values for these composites indicate that 3 wt. % CB1-rubber, 5 wt. % CB2-rubber, and 18 wt. % CB3-rubber composites can provide more than 90% microwave absorption (RL > −10 dB) in X (8–12 GHz) and Ku (12–18 GHz) bands with thickness ∼2.7 and ∼1.9 mm, respectively. Interestingly, the composites with higher loading (15 wt. %) of CB1 in the rubber matrix are found to give EMI shielding effectiveness values of ∼ 42 dB over the 8–18 GHz frequency range. In conclusion, CB1-silicone rubber composites have been found to give the best performance among the three studied composites. This composite provides >90% microwave absorption over the X band with 2.7 mm thickness and over the Ku band with thickness 1.9 mm with lowest concentration of fillers, i.e., 3 wt. % CB1 in the rubber matrix, and hence found potential for development of lightweight microwave absorbers for stealth applications.