bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Remediation of Lead and Cadmium Contaminated Soil Using Lime with Nanosolicamaterials
Authors: Jihad Saffa Nader , Saeed Khitam Abdulhussein
Published: December 2023

Soil contamination by heavy metals significantly damages the environment, human health, plants, and animals, which has become a burning issue recently. The presence of contaminated soils due to industrials and mining activities is a major concern in today’s heavily industrialized world. With the rapid development of society, more and more soils are polluted by heavy metals, which leads to a change in soil engineering properties. Several types of technology have long been in use to remedy the heavy metal-contaminated soil. Among them, solidification and stabilization have been widely adopted. In engineering practice, engineers usually use additives to solidify and stabilize (s/s) heavy metal-contaminated soils. Solidification and Stabilization is an economic and effective technology in the remediation of contaminated soil by heavy metals, as well as sludge and sediment. The main purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of (nanomaterial materials) on the remediation of contaminated soil by the (S/S) technique. The soil was polluted with (2000 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg) of Lead and Cadmium respectively by using Lead and Cadmium nitrates. The Pb and Cd- impacted soil was remediation using rich silicon materials of (nano-silica ) as an alternative cementitious material, and replaced with contaminated soil at (3, 5, and 7%) respectively with (5% and 10%) Lime. Nanosilica was prepared from plant extracts. The binder performance was analyzed by using unconfined compressive strength ( UCS) on the solidified soil at three curing times which were 7, 14, and 28 days. TCLP was also applied to investigate the treatment degree of solidified soil for the specimens within 28 days. The result of (UCS) indicated development in strength with curing day for all binders and proved that all mix ratios exceed the minimum Criteria of landfill disposal which is 340 kPa (0.34 N/mm2). It also showed increases in strength with using nano-silica with a lime binder. The result of the leaching test for the stabilized soil after 28 days of curing, showed a reduction in lead and cadmium leaching rate for all binders, below the EPA lead leachability limit of 5 mg/l and cadmium 1 mg/l. The results showed that the sample SH2N5L10 after 28 days is the best percentage for decreasing the leaching rate of lead and cadmium, as it reached (1.4 mg /l and 0.012 mg/l) respectively with the highest compressive strength of 4852 Kpa.
Phase Transformations and Martensite Stabilization in Ni2.36Mn0.64Ga High-Temperature Shape Memory Alloy
Authors: Shcherbakov A.A. , Vasin R.A. , Balagurov A.M. , Khovaylo Vladimir V. , Golovin Igor S.
Published: December 2023

We report on experimental investigations of a Ni2.36Mn0.64Ga Heusler alloy, which transforms to tetragonal martensite at cooling below Ms ≈ 271°С. The evolution of lattice constants was tracked by in situ neutron diffraction measurements. It was found that the martensite tetragonality c/a gradually decreases during heating from room temperature to austenite transition start temperature As ≈ 272°С. The phenomenon of martensite stabilization was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry utilizing three different protocols of the martensite aging. It was found that the martensite aging at a constant temperature T = 255°С merely shifts the reverse transformation to higher temperatures, while the reverse transformation temperature interval (Af – As) remains the same (≈ 30°C) independently of aging time. On the other hand, a multistep aging at different temperatures starting from T = 255°С not only shifts the reverse transformation temperature, but makes the transformation temperature interval narrower down to As – Af ≈ 10°C.
Structure of Ta/TaN Nanolayered Systems Investigated by Transmission Electron Microscopy
Authors: Sobel Bartłomiej , Lukaszkowicz Krzysztof , Pawlyta Mirosława
Published: December 2023

One of the most important challenges of modern materials engineering is to improve the efficiency and durability of materials, which directly translates into reducing the consumption of raw materials. In many applications, these goals are achieved by strengthening and functionalizing the surface, especially in the case of nanocoatings. The material for the study is the Ta/TaN multilayer systems obtained with the ALD technique (Atomic Layer Deposition, R200 by Picosun). For their structure characterisation electron microscopy (HR STEM, electron diffraction, EDS, EELS) was used. Geometrical parameters (thickness of the constituent Ta and TaN layers, ratio of thicknesses of metallic and ceramic layers) were determined, and their chemical and phase compositions were verified. The obtained results will be used to model mechanical properties and interpret the results of experimental nanoindentation measurements.
Optimizing Diffusion Time and other Resources by Using the Diffusion Rate and Number of Stages Concepts
Authors: Carvajal-Larenas F. Ernesto
Published: December 2023

Considering that velocity of diffusion in a system solute-porous material-solvent depends on several factors, (among them, the concentration differential between “solute” in the porous material and “solute” in the solvent) the diffusion process will finish only when maximum entropy is achieved. Thus, the solute concentration will be equal in the matrix and in the solvent (equilibrium concept). On the other hand, if the velocity of diffusion depends on the differential of concentration, then, the amount of materials transferred per time unit (diffusion rate) will diminish as the process goes on. Moreover, when the final concentration of solute in the porous material is desired to be lower than that of the one-stage-equilibrium, then n-more stages must be added. Thus, the decision to choose a process with one or more stages, as well as the end point in each stage (as close or as far as equilibrium) will determine processing time and the use of other resources, i.e. amount of solvent, installation size, financial investment and so on. Therefore, the objective of this study is to develop a tool that helps to optimize these decisions by using a numerical approach.
The Impact of Carbon Nanotube on the Thermal Properties of Polypropylene
Authors: Sabet Maziyar , Soleimani Hassan
Published: December 2023

This research paper investigates the effect of the addition of carbon nanotubes (0.5 and 1.0% by weight) on crystallisation procedure in isotactic polypropylene. The study found that the crystallisation temperature increased with increasing nanotube content, while the crystallisation of polymers did not substantially change. The critical cooling speed, at which PP does not crystalize, increases with the increase in carbon nanotube content. Using the critical cooling speed and nanotube content, a nucleation effectiveness parameter was developed, that is not dependent on the crystallisation temperature or the CNT load. The study also found that carbon nanotubes only speed up the development of α-phase in isothermal crystallisation experiments. The control fibers had a shrinkage of 27% to 160°C, while the shrinkage of the composite fibers was less than 5%. The melting temperature of PP and its nanocomposites was approximately 150 to 152°C. However, the values for the degree of crystallinity of the nanocomposites rose along with the CNT content.
Model-Based Heat Input Control Validated on Martensitic Steel 1.4313
Authors: Dey Indira , Egorov Sergei , Soffel Fabian , Wegener Konrad
Published: December 2023

The ability of direct metal deposition (DMD) to fabricate complex geometries is still limited. Especially in thin-walled structures heat accumulation can lead to intolerable geometric deviation and which has to be avoided. Combining thin walls and massive sections in one layer requires parameter adapting for each section within a layer. An existing semi-empirical model predicts the optimal process parameters for the austenitic steel 1.4404. This study demonstrates the validity of the model for martensitic steel 1.4313 by an experimental campaign. The demonstrators are characterized by a massive inner part attached to a thin-walled rib. They were fabricated by DMD using constant and adapted heat input and were qualified by visual inspection, geometrical accuracy, Vickers hardness, and microstructure analysis. The demonstrators built with the adapted laser power showed enhanced geometrical accuracy which is essential for post-processing. The hardness along the symmetry plane was significantly increased, especially in the thin wall section. The study confirms the applicability of the model for martensitic steel in terms of geometrical accuracy but identifies perspectives to integrate microstructural aspects into the model.
Impact of Anisotropy and Electromagnetic Modified Effect on Fluid Mobility in Reservoir Sandstone
Authors: Soleimani Hojjatollah , Sikiru Surajudden , Soleimani Hassan , Khodapanah Leila , Sabet Maziyar
Published: December 2023

The oil and gas sector faces challenges in optimizing oil recovery from reservoirs due to trapped oil due to interfacial tension and surface forces. Characterizing anisotropic dielectric properties is crucial. The petroleum business is quickly changing, and a massive advancement in the application of nanotechnology in this field is envisaged. Because magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) are solid, tiny, and adsorb at the oil-water interface, they might be helpful. The interaction of MNP with electromagnetic waves appears to be capable of altering interfacial tension, which will boost oil recovery. The interaction of an oscillating B-field of electromagnetic waves with magnetic domains causes energy dissipation due to a shift in magnetic anisotropy from the easy axis of magnetization. The use of anisotropy energy in mobilizing oil in a porous media has recently been investigated. BaTiO3 nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized for this purpose, and their influence on oil mobility under electromagnetic waves (EM) was studied. The anisotropy energy was computed and determined to be 7.34kJ/mol. Under EM, the easy axis magnetization of BaTiO3 nanoparticles oscillates and changes direction continually, facilitating oil mobilization in the porous media. The EM findings for reducing interfacial tension (IFT) between oil and water ranged from 4.5mN/m to 0.89mN/m. Under EM, it was discovered that BaTiO3 nanoparticles might lower IFT by roughly 60%. The IFT must be small enough to allow oil flow during mobilization. The simulation findings demonstrate that the adsorption energy of n-hexane on the surface of hematite has a 47.9% lower energy value than water. With a 115.4% percentage difference, the stress autocorrelation function of n-hexane with hematite is greater than that of water.
Parametric Study on Manufacturing of Continuous Glass Fibers Reinforced Polylactic Acid (PLA) Filaments for 3D Printing
Authors: Muchhala Nehal , Desai Shruti , Suryawanshi Vinod B. , Tayade Raju
Published: December 2023

Additively manufactured continuous fibers reinforced composite materials parts have huge potential to replace existing plastics and metal parts in a wide range of industrial applications. However, the continuous fibers reinforced 3D printing technology is still in nascent stages, and commercial 3D printers and raw materials available in the market are less cost effective. In this work, continuous glass fibers reinforced PLA filaments are manufactured through a cost-effective melt impregnation method. The experimental set up for manufacturing the filaments consisting of impregnation mold and yarn spreading mechanism was designed and fabricated in-house. Parametric study was carried out to understand the effect of process parameters on the quality and mechanical properties of the filaments. The input process parameters in this study are impregnation temperature and yarn spreading. While the output parameters are impregnation, fiber-volume fraction, and tensile and flexural behavior of filament. A novel method is proposed for quantitative analysis of impregnation of the filament. The optical images of the filament are used to quantify the impregnation of PLA resin in the glass fiber yarn. It was observed that the yarn spreading has major influence on impregnation, tensile strength, and flexural strength of the filaments. Lastly, finite element-based simulation study was carried out to interpret the experimental results and thus to understand the effect of fibers spreading on tensile and flexural strength of the filament. The simulation results agreed very well with the experimental results.
An Interesting Case of Eating Epilepsy
Authors: Sahu Devavrata , Garg Jyoti , Anand Kuljeet Singh
Published: December 2023

Eating epilepsy (EE) is a rare form of reflex epilepsy, characterized by seizures triggered by food intake. We describe the case of a 30-year-old male with symptomatic EE, wherein consumption of food precipitated focal seizures with impaired awareness. The seizures were precipitated at the beginning of the meal, lasted up to 30 s at a time, were not preceded by an aura, and the patient had complete amnesia for the events once the seizures subsided. No predilection to a particular food type was noted. The seizures were not precipitated by any other activity.
Effect of Yogic Practices on Body Posture and its Correlation with Physical and Mental Health in Adolescents
Authors: Sharma Sachi , Rawat Vikas
Published: December 2023

Introduction:

A state of physical and mental well-being affects posture through energy and balance. A sedentary lifestyle can lead to poor postural habits in children, putting them at risk for adverse health effects. This study attempts to demonstrate that yoga can prevent and correct postural alterations in childhood, the most crucial time for musculoskeletal development.

Materials and Methods:

This was a two-group pre-post study. A Randomized control trial with two arms was conducted. Based on the selection criteria, 200 students between 10 and 15 years were randomized into yoga and wait-list control (WLC) groups. For 3 months, the yoga group participated in a yoga program, while the WLC group engaged in routine activities. Physiological and psychological health assessments such as body posture (PostureScreen), Harvard step test (HST), physical activity questionnaire for older children (PAQ-C), patient health questionnaire (PHQ), body mass index (BMI), digit span test, emotion regulation questionnaire for children and adolescents (ERQ-CA), adolescent stress questionnaire, academic performance, and Vedic Personality Inventory (VPI) were collected before and after the 3-month study.

Results:

Five out of eight posture displacement parameters and physiological parameters (HST, PHQ, and BMI) were statistically significant (P < 0.05) in the posttest between-group comparison. There was a significant mean difference between groups for all psychological parameters except VPI-Sattva. Anterior and posterior displacements were significantly correlated to ERQ-CA, VPI-Rajas, and Sattva. Anterior translations and left and right lateral angulations were correlated to BMI, PAQ-C, and PHQ, respectively.

Conclusion:

The present study concludes that regular yoga practice from an early age can help establish a healthy posture. Body posture is shaped to a certain extent by underlying physical and emotional conditions affecting activities of daily living.
Comparative efficacy of betel leaf chewing (an Ayurveda daily regimen) with Tambula Granule in management of prediabetes: A structured study protocol of a prospective randomized comparative clinical trial
Authors: Kamble Santosh Dadu , Yeola Gunvant Hari , Gaikwad Pranesh Prakash
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND:

Prediabetes is an emergent global health problem, reflecting the increasing prevalence of type II diabetes. Reviewing prediabetes is crucial due to its increasing prevalence, economic burden, risk factors association, the potential for real lifestyle modification, the necessity for early intervention and treatment, and its public health impact. Betel leaf chewing is deeply rooted in our tradition through Ayurveda and traditional Chinese medicine systems. Integrating traditional knowledge with current scientific research permits an all-inclusive understanding of the therapeutic potential of betel leaf. Such integration can bridge the gap between traditional practices and evidence-based medicine, providing a holistic attitude to metabolic health.

OBJECTIVES:

The aim of this study is to assess the comparative effectiveness of betel leaf chewing with Tambula granule (TG) on different biochemical parameters such as blood sugar level (BSL), fasting and post-prandial (F, PP), and glycosylated Hb% (HB A1c.) in prediabetes.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This prospective, open-label, randomized, comparative clinical trial will be conducted for 60 days. A total of 100 patients will participate in two groups through computer-generated randomization. Outpatients of age 30–60 years, of either sex, having fasting glucose between 100 and 125 mg/dL or postprandial glucose of 140–199 mg/dL will included in this study after written informed consent. Group A (N = 50) will receive betel leaf chewing with Ayurveda ingredients 3.5 g, BD after meal for 60 days. Group B (N = 50) received TG 3.5 g, BD after meal for 60 days. The primary outcome is to assess changes in blood glucose levels before and after the study. Parameters will be assessed at baseline 15th, 30th, 45th, and 60th day. Laboratory parameters (BSL-F, PP, and HBA1C) will be done at screening/baseline and after completion of the study period, that is, 60 days.

DISCUSSION:

Conducting a study on the efficacy of betel leaf chewing in prediabetes is vital to exploring alternative therapeutic options, incorporating traditional knowledge with contemporary medicine, understanding the bioactive compounds and mechanisms of action, assessing safety concerns, and providing evidence-based endorsements. This research can contribute to developing comprehensive and holistic approaches to managing prediabetes and preventing diabetes, improving patient care and outcomes in this field.

TRIAL REGISTRATION:

The trial is prospectively registered with the Clinical Trial Registry of India (CTRI/2021/02/031539, registered on February 25, 2021).
Intra ocular foreign bodies (IOFBs): A review
Authors: Usgaonkar Ugam P. S. , Shirodkar Rohit M.
Published: December 2023

Intra Ocular Foreign Bodies (IOFB) associated with open globe injuries are a significant cause of vision loss. This review article was planned to evaluate the newer modalities of diagnosis and management of IOFB as well as the complications associated. A PubMed search for “intraocular foreign body” with the terms “imaging,” “removal,” “management,” “prognosis,” “complications/sequelae,” along with “open globe injury,” “ocular trauma,” “penetrating ocular injury,” “perforating ocular injury,” and “post-traumatic endophthalmitis” was made. Both the authors independently assessed the studies obtained. Incorporation of newer techniques in diagnosis and management have resulted in better visual outcomes.
The jumping globe: A case of spontaneous globe luxation in craniosynostosis
Authors: Kishan Divya , Sathar Anuja , Sheeba C.S. , Sahasranamam V.
Published: December 2023

A 6 month old baby diagnosed as a case of Pfeiffer syndrome with proptosis and shallow orbits presented with spontaneous luxation of the left eye following an episode of excessive crying. Patient was put on injection mannitol, injection dexamethasone and emergency globe repositioning was planned, but the globe went in spontaneously after 3 hours. The patient was followed up and ophthalmological evaluation showed visual acuity fixing and following light in both eyes, dolichocephalic head, hypertelorism, proptosis, inadequate lid closure, clear cornea and no evidence of exposure keratitis, pupil reacting to light, fundus normal both eyes, and was treated with lubricant eye drops, eye ointment and taping of lids at night. The patient was admitted for planning craniosynostosis surgery (fronto orbital advancement) but had another episode of spontaneous luxation which did not subside with medical management. External ventricular drainage was done by neurosurgeon and decreased the intra cranial tension and then globe was repositioned and did temporary tarsorrhaphy. Fronto orbital advancement was then done and it showed very shallow orbits intraoperatively. Delta resorbable implant system was used and lateral tarsorrhaphy was revised.
A review on natural background concentration of beryllium prevalent in ambient air and different environmental matrices
Authors: Chauhan Ankur , Kumar Munish , Srivastava Alok
Published: December 2023

Beryllium, the 44th most abundant element in the Earth’s crust, is found ubiquitously in environmental matrices, including air, soil, and water, as well as in a variety of food items such as grains, fruits, and vegetables. The typical concentration of Be in air is reported to be ~0.05 ng/m3, whereas in soil, its concentration varies from ~2 to 5 ppm. The prevalence of Be in soil leads to its presence in water as well as in plants, and various human activities such as burning of coal, petrol, diesel, mining, and other industrial activities may further increase the concentration of beryllium in environment and associated matrices. It needs to be mentioned that the typical concentration of Be in food items is of the order of few ppb, whereas in drinking water, the typical values are reported to be <1 ppb or so. Based on the literature survey including some of the most recent studies, the present paper provides summary on concentration of Be in air, soil, and other relevant matrices as concise and consolidated reports on beryllium are scarce. In addition, related information like Be in drinking water along with available guidelines is also provided. Information on the prevalence of other isotopes of beryllium, i.e., 7Be4 and 10Be4, which are radioactive and are produced by cosmic rays in atmosphere, is also included in the present paper.
Gradient estimates for singular $p$-Laplace type equations with measure data
Authors: Dong Hongjie , Zhu Hanye
Published: December 2023

We are concerned with interior and global gradient estimates for solutions to a class of singular quasilinear elliptic equations with measure data, whose prototype is given by the

p

-Laplace equation

-\Delta_{p} u=\mu

with

p\in (1,2)

. The cases when

p\in (2-\frac{1}{n},2)

and

p\in (\frac{3n-2}{2n-1},2-\frac{1}{n}]

were studied in Duzaar and Mingione [J. Funct. Anal. 259 (2010), 379–418] and Nguyen and Phuc [J. Funct. Anal. 278 (2020), art. 108391] respectively. In this paper, we improve the results of Nguyen and Phuc and address the open case when

p\in(1,\frac{3n-2}{2n-1}]

. Interior and global modulus of continuity estimates of the gradients of solutions are also established.
Skladenjski prevodni premiki pri prevajanju določb v mednarodnih sporazumih iz angleščine v slovenščino na primeru enostavčnih povedi
Authors: Gajšt Nataša
Published: December 2023

Prevajanje normativnih pravnih besedil se podreja strogim pravilom, ki se nanašajo predvsem na visoko mero natančnosti teh prevodov z vidika vsebine in jezikovne točnosti, kar izhaja iz dejstva, da so ti prevodi pravno zavezujoči. Pravni jezik, kamor štejemo tudi jezik normativnih pravnih besedil, ima določene ključne značilnosti. Mednje štejemo nominalizacijo in prisotnost kompleksnih samostalniških struktur ter pogosto rabo trpnika. Ker se skladenjski sistemi jezikov se med seboj razlikujejo, lahko pri prevajanju določb v mednarodnih pogodbah pričakujemo razlike med skladenjskimi strukturami povedi in stavkov v izhodiščnem jeziku in skladenjskimi strukturami v njihovih prevodih. Namen tega prispevka je prikazati rezultate kvantitativne in kvalitativne analize skladenjskih prevodnih premikov na skladenjskih ravneh povedi in stavka v slovenskih prevodih določb iz mednarodnih pogodb, napisanih v angleščini kot pravni lingvi franki. Za potrebe raziskave smo izdelali manjši enosmerni vzporedni korpus, ki je vseboval enostavčne povedi kot pogosto vrsto povedi v mednarodnih pogodbah. Glavna ugotovitev glede strukturnih premikov naše raziskave je, da se glede na angleške izhodiščne povedi v slovenščini večinoma ohranja enostavčna povedna struktura. Do premikov v zloženo povedno strukturo v slovenščini pa pride, kadar je kompleksno zložena samostalniška fraza v angleščini prevedena kot podredni stavek v slovenščini. Na ravni stavka so premiki posledica spremembe zaporedja stavčnih členov ali pa posledica spremembe angleške trpne glagolske oblike v slovensko tvorno glagolsko obliko. Vendar tudi na tej ravni premiki niso pogosti. Iz teh ugotovitev sklepamo, da se prevajalci glede skladnje držijo načela visoke natančnosti prevodov normativnih besedil z vidika ohranjanja zaporedja podanih informacij ob upoštevanju zakonitosti pravne slovenščine.
La statique du seuil
Authors: Fock Ignac
Published: December 2023

The paper is a narratological study that problematizes the graphic or textual demarcation between the preface to the novel as a secondary text and the novel as a primary text. Methodologically, it draws on the study Thresholds (Seuils, 1987) and attempts to explain Genette’s structural and functional definition of prefaces, especially those that the French structuralist labels as pseudo-editorial, through more recent studies on the frame narrative (e.g. Abbot 2004, Fludernik 2009, Wolf 2006). On one hand, it outlines the possibilities of the above-mentioned structural categories coinciding, while on the other hand it points to the presence of an independent, broader fabula in both the preface and the frame narrative.In particular, it focuses on the problem of the functional image of certain prefaces in the Enlightenment novel, analysing the prefaces to Prévost’s Manon Lescaut and Marivaux’s The Life of Marianne, while taking Cervantes’s Don Quixote as a historical starting point. The chosen examples demonstrate how and why the boundary between the preface and the novel became blurred in the 18th century, a time when the novel as a narrative genre was articulated and established. One of the main, if not the only, functions of the pseudo-editorial preface, which is per definitionem fictional, is to create the impression of authenticity, with the preface-writer most often using the topos of a found manuscript. However, it turns out that its “dramatization” goes beyond the textual boundaries of the preface and continues in the novel itself, proving that the graphic image of the preface as a paratext no longer corresponds to its functional image.Even if we can trace a similar narrative strategy in both Baroque and Enlightenment novels, it is necessary to distinguish between the reasons for it application. Don Quixote is an example of artful, dynamic, “ingenious” composition and parodies the preface as a rhetorical convention. The fictional nature of the Enlightenment novel, however, inevitably rests on an impression of verisimilitude, and consequently the preface, the privileged place where these two characteristics meet, becomes a full-fledged literary component of the narrative work.
Raba metode učnih kartic kot strategija za učenje besedišča v nemščini
Authors: Ćosić Admira
Published: December 2023

Namen pričujočega prispevka je predstaviti empirična spoznanja o učni strategiji učenja določnega člena v nemščini prek rabe učnih kartic. Učenje in določanje spola samostalnikov v nemškem jeziku je za tujega govorca nemščine zapleteno, pri čemer povzroča slovnični spol tudi slovenskim učencem veliko težav. Osnovnošolski učenci, ki obiskujejo pouk nemščine kot neobvezni izbirni predmet, imajo težave z določanjem in pomnjenjem ustreznega slovničnega spola nemških samostalnikov. Pogosto ugibajo spol samostalnika, si člene težje zapomnijo in se zaradi neusvojenih struktur ravnajo po posluhu. Samostalnike si skupaj s členom težje zapomnijo, saj ga ob učenju ne usvojijo kot del celote, ampak kot ločeno besedo. Slednja spoznanja so vodila k akcijski raziskavi in vnosu drugačne metode učenja, prek katere smo preizkušali, ali učenje s pomočjo slikovnih in besednih učnih kartic doprinese k večji pravilnosti rabe členov in določanja slovničnega spola. Akcijske raziskave se je udeležilo 40 učencev, 4., 5. in 6. razreda, ki obiskujejo nemščino kot neobvezni izbirni predmet na Osnovni šoli Šmartno pod Šmarno goro. Zanimalo nas je, kako lahko z uporabo metode učnih kartic dosežemo večjo pravilnost določanja določnega člena v nemškem jeziku in kako konsistentno uvajanje rabe določene metode vpliva na učne rezultate pri učencih. Končni rezultati dokazujejo, da skoraj vsi sodelujoči učenci menijo, da jim metoda dela s karticami pomaga pri boljšemu pomnjenju določnega člena v nemškem jeziku. Nihče od učencev ni mnenja, da se s pomočjo kartic ni naučil več določnih členov v imenovalniku oz. da mu kartice niso bile v pomoč pri določanju slovničnega spola. Poleg didaktičnih ciljev je pri učencih tovrstna metoda dela s karticami spodbudila tudi kreativnost, izvirnost in praktičnost.
Nos vemos hoy 1
Authors: Trenc Andreja
Published: December 2023

Nos vemos hoy 1 je sodobna učbeniška zbirka za učenje španščine kot drugega oz. tretjega tujega jezika v srednjem strokovnem in gimnazijskem izobraževanju. Uvršča se med učbenike, ki uresničujejo sporazumevalni pristop učenja tujega jezika po Skupnem evropskem okviru za učenje tujih jezikov, ožje pa na dejavnostih zasnovan pristop, saj je zasnovan kot preplet jezikovnih in nejezikovnih zmožnosti. V devetih tematskih poglavjih je zastopano tudi spoznavanje zemljepisnih in kulturnih značilnosti špansko govorečih skupnosti, usvajanje učnih strategij s spoznavnih in drugih predmetnih področij (IKT, raba tehnoloških virov in medpredmetno povezovanje). Poglavje osmišlja končna naloga oz. projekt, ki je tematsko in taksonomsko usklajen s ciljno ravnjo – usvojiti zmožnost osnovnega sporazumevanja v najbolj neposrednih sporazumevalnih položajih na stopnji A1 po Skupnem evropskem jezikovnem okviru, kot so, denimo: osebna predstavitev, opis svojega kraja in kulturnih zanimivosti, snovanje urnikov, povezanih s prehranjevanjem, dnevnimi običaji, hrano in nakupovanjem, prostočasne dejavnosti ter pripovedovanje o (preteklih) izkušnjah.
How to shape species conservation in the energy transition? The 2023 KNE-Conference
Authors: Schoder Thomas , Baudet von Gersdorff Maurice , Danelzik Mathis
Published: December 2023

The 2023 KNE-Conference showed the urgent need to discuss the consequences of the new legal regulations for nature and species conservation in Germany. At the same time, the constructive course of the event confirmed the great willingness to work together on solutions that consider both the necessary expansion of renewable energies as well as nature and species conservation. There was consensus that improved land designation and land preservation tools are of great importance. Discussions on environmental impact compensation contained pleas for an adjusted compensation system. In terms of data availability, there is an untapped potential that has gained importance due to last year’s regulatory changes.
English High Court refuses permission for derivative claim against Shell’s Board of Directors
Authors: Dolmans Maurits , Brady-Banzet James , Tarawali Naomi , Champsaur Amélie , Wildner Andreas
Published: December 2023

In February 2023, ClientEarth, a non-profit environmental law organization, had issued proceedings before the English High Court against the board of directors of Shell plc. ClientEarth alleged that Shell’s directors had failed to properly take into account the implications for the company of the economy’s net-zero transition and the resulting risks to the company’s business model, which, ClientEarth alleged, amounted to a breach of some of the directors’ duties under the Companies Act 2006. The claim had been brought by way of a derivative action, whereby ClientEarth sued in its capacity as a shareholder of Shell, in respect of a cause of action vested in Shell and seeking relief on behalf of the company. The High Court refused to grant ClientEarth permission to pursue its claim. Following a hearing on costs, ClientEarth was also ordered to pay the company’s and the directors’ costs in connection with all aspects of the action.
INTEGRATING 3D PRINTING IN PRE-SCHOOL EDUCATION: PERCEPTIONS FROM PRE-SCHOOL TEACHERS AND PROSPECTIVE TEACHERS
Authors: ASLAN Ayşegül
Published: December 2023

With the rapid advancements in technology, various educational technologies have been employed to facilitate the teaching process in the education system. One of the popular technologies is 3D printing, which finds applications from early childhood education to higher levels of instruction. This study aims to determine the perspectives of pre-school teachers and prospective teachers regarding the use of 3D printing technology in early childhood education. The study group consisted of 15 pre-school teachers and 17 prospective teachers. The research method employed was the case study approach. An online survey form with appropriate open-ended questions was utilized as the data collection tool. Data obtained from the study were analyzed through content analysis. The results revealed that pre-school teachers and prospective teachers have a superficial knowledge of 3D printing technology. Although the materials required for teaching varied based on the needs of children and teachers, certain common skills were emphasized in the instructional process. Some difficulties were encountered in acquiring these materials, which could be overcome by utilizing 3D printing technology. Furthermore, teachers and prospective teachers showed preferences for different features in the design of materials. In future studies, it is recommended to identify materials that captivate children's interests based on the perspectives of teachers and candidates. Providing necessary academic support to participants for material production and conducting similar studies in various disciplines are also suggested.
O MÉTODO LÚDICO NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL
Authors: Santos Silvana Maria Aparecida Viana , Santos Lindoracy Almeida , Lopes Sandra Maria Rodrigues , Veras Shirle Maklene , Pinheiro Valterlina Rosa Boueres
Published: December 2023

Este artigo mostra por meio de pesquisas bibliográficas e embasamentos teóricos de alguns educadores especialistas que contribuíram na transformação da educação infantil, verificando que através de determinadas brincadeiras as crianças superam algumas dificuldades físicas, cognitivas, emocionais e sociais. As atividades lúdicas contribuem para o processo educativo na Educação Infantil, uma vez que possibilitam o desenvolvimento cognitivo psicomotor, social, afetivo, percepção, imaginação, fantasia e sentimentos. Todos têm em comum a criança como um ser em constante mudança de aperfeiçoamento e formação.  A educação infantil passou por uma trajetória interessante na história onde tivemos diversas contribuições com excelentes resultados alcançados.
Automating Collision Attacks on RIPEMD-160
Authors: Li Yingxin , Liu Fukang , Wang Gaoli
Published: December 2023

As an ISO/IEC standard, the hash function RIPEMD-160 has been used to generate the Bitcoin address with SHA-256. However, due to the complex doublebranch structure of RIPEMD-160, the best collision attack only reaches 36 out of 80 steps of RIPEMD-160, and the best semi-free-start (SFS) collision attack only reaches 40 steps. To improve the 36-step collision attack proposed at EUROCRYPT 2023, we explored the possibility of using different message differences to increase the number of attacked steps, and we finally identified one choice allowing a 40-step collision attack. To find the corresponding 40-step differential characteristic, we re-implement the MILP-based method to search for signed differential characteristics with SAT/SMT. As a result, we can find a colliding message pair for 40-step RIPEMD-160 in practical time, which significantly improves the best collision attack on RIPEMD-160. For the best SFS collision attack published at ToSC 2019, we observe that the bottleneck is the probability of the right-branch differential characteristics as they are fully uncontrolled in the message modification. To address this issue, we utilize our SAT/SMT-based tool to search for high-probability differential characteristics for the right branch. Consequently, we can mount successful SFS collision attacks on 41, 42 and 43 steps of RIPEMD-160, thus significantly improving the SFS collision attacks. In addition, we also searched for a 44-step differential characteristic, but the differential probability is too low to allow a meaningful SFS collision attack.
Revisiting Yoyo Tricks on AES
Authors: Mondal Sandip Kumar , Rahman Mostafizar , Sarkar Santanu , Adhikari Avishek
Published: December 2023

At Asiacrypt 2017, Rønjom et al. presented key-independent distinguishers for different numbers of rounds of AES, ranging from 3 to 6 rounds, in their work titled “Yoyo Tricks with AES”. The reported data complexities for these distinguishers were 3, 4, 225.8, and 2122.83, respectively. In this work, we revisit those key-independent distinguishers and analyze their success probabilities.We show that the distinguishing algorithms provided for 5 and 6 rounds of AES in the paper of Rønjom et al. are ineffective with the proposed data complexities. Our thorough theoretical analysis has revealed that the success probability of these distinguishers for both 5-round and 6-round AES is approximately 0.5, with the corresponding data complexities mentioned earlier.We investigate the reasons behind this seemingly random behavior of those reported distinguishers. Based on our theoretical findings, we have revised the distinguishing algorithm for 5-round AES. Our revised algorithm demonstrates success probabilities of approximately 0.55 and 0.81 for 5-round AES, with data complexities of 229.95 and 230.65, respectively. We have also conducted experimental tests to validate our theoretical findings, which further support our findings.Additionally, we have theoretically demonstrated that improving the success probability of the distinguisher for 6-round AES from 0.50000 to 0.50004 would require a data complexity of 2129.15. This finding invalidates the reported distinguisher by Rønjom et al. for 6-round AES.
Revisiting Randomness Extraction and Key Derivation Using the CBC and Cascade Modes
Authors: Balachandran Niranjan , Jha Ashwin , Nandi Mridul , Pal Soumit
Published: December 2023

In this paper, we revisit a celebrated result by Dodis et al. from CRYPTO 2004, in relation with the suitability of CBC-MAC and cascade construction for randomness extraction. We first observe that the proof of three key sub-results are missing in the paper, which makes it difficult to verify the authors’ claims. Then, using a detailed and thorough analysis of the collision probability for both the CBC function and the cascade construction, we provide the missing proofs, thereby establishing the veracity of this old result. As a side-effect, we have made a significant advancement in the characterization of graph-based analysis of CBC and cascade construction, which could be of independent interest.
A Framework with Improved Heuristics to Optimize Low-Latency Implementations of Linear Layers
Authors: Shi Haotian , Feng Xiutao , Xu Shengyuan
Published: December 2023

In recent years, lightweight cryptography has been a hot field in symmetric cryptography. One of the most crucial problems is to find low-latency implementations of linear layers. The current main heuristic search methods include the Boyar-Peralta (BP) algorithm with depth limit and the backward search. In this paper we firstly propose two improved BP algorithms with depth limit mainly by minimizing the Euclidean norm of the new distance vector instead of maximizing it in the tie-breaking process of the BP algorithm. They can significantly increase the potential for finding better results. Furthermore, we give a new framework that combines forward search with backward search to expand the search space of implementations, where the forward search is one of the two improved BP algorithms. In the new framework, we make a minor adjustment of the priority of rules in the backward search process to enable the exploration of a significantly larger search space. As results, we find better results for the most of matrices studied in previous works. For example, we find an implementation of AES MixColumns of depth 3 with 99 XOR gates, which represents a substantial reduction of 3 XOR gates compared to the existing record of 102 XOR gates.
Segurança da informação aplicada em dispositivos móveis com foco na tecnologia bluetooth
Authors: Marques Thyago Carvalho , Santana Adriano César
Published: December 2023

O uso crescente de dispositivos móveis para troca de informações os expõe significativamente, permitindo que sejam interceptados de diversas maneiras. É com este problema em mente, baseado em exaustiva pesquisa bibliográfica, que este artigo tem como principal objetivo destacar o potencial problema da segurança móvel minúscula (bem como revelar alguns métodos de infecção/formas de invadir um dispositivo) e propor algumas ações a serem tomadas pelas pessoas para se protegerem do aumento dos crimes cibernéticos, com foco na tecnologia Bluetooth.
Costos de salud en elementos de seguridad pública, estudio de caso programa centinela guadalajara, jalisco
Authors: Padilla Ramón Gerardo Navejas , Navarro Ana Bertha Solano
Published: December 2023

Nuestra carta Magna establece que en su artículo 21 constitucional específicamente a párrafo 9 noveno, “La seguridad pública es una función del Estado a cargo de la Federación, las entidades federativas y los Municipios” (Congreso de la Unión, 2023), estableciendo así que es la seguridad publica también debe señalarse que dicha actividad es conocida como riesgos ocupacionales y estos pueden consistir en diversos acontecimientos súbitos o de largo plazo por las características de los empleos como son “traumatismos, ruidos, exposición a agentes cancerígenos, partículas en el aire y riesgos ergonómicos, los cuales pueden derivar en enfermedades crónicas como dolor de espalda originada en las vértebras (dorsalgia), pérdida de la audición, enfermedades pulmonares, asma, traumatismos, ciertos tipos de cáncer, entre otros problemas de salud” (Gobierno de México, 2018), de ello la importancia de no solo pensar en seguridad pública como una persona uniformada que anda dentro de un vehículo dando rondines sino que esta persona es parte de una política criminal hecha política pública en materia de seguridad pública implementado como una buena práctica por el Mtro. Juan Pablo Hernández Gónzalez; Comisario General en dicho Municipio y como encargada del mismo la Dra Astrid Licona Hérnandez; Jefa de Salud en el trabajo de la misma con quienes se llevaron a cabo entrevistas. Como método se ha hecho un análisis de costos por elemento incorporado al programa Centinela del Municipio de Guadalajara, Jalisco; para conocer la importancia de salud de cada elemento y el impacto en la seguridad del municipio, este programa fue establecido para mejorar la calidad de salud y vida del personal de dicha corporación.
Solution of Integral of the Fourth Power of a Finite-Length Exponential Fourier Series
Authors: SHARKAS Hesham
Published: December 2023

For a periodic function in the form of a finite-length exponential Fourier series (i.e., a discrete finite Fourier transform), this work derives an analytical solution to the definite integral of the fourth power of the function across its periodic interval.
Hubungan antara Profitabilitas dan Ukuran Perusahaan dalam Mengoptimalisasikan Nilai Perusahaan (Penelitian pada Perusahaan Sub Sektor Food and Beverage di BEI, 2018-2022)
Authors: Prawidya Afara Ross , Prasetyo Irwanto
Published: December 2023

Dengan menggunakan analisis rasio keuangan harga saham lima perusahaan food and beverage yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia pada tahun 2018–2022, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menunjukkan bagaimana variabel independen profitabilitas dan ukuran perusahaan berdampak atau berhubungan pada variabel dependen nilai perusahaan. Data sekunder dengan tipe data panel yang diolah dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dari Bursa Efek (BEI) dan website perusahaan terkait. Metode pengambilan sampel purposive digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Metode analisis datanya menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa variabel profitabilitas dan ukuran perusahaan tidak memiliki pengaruh secara simultan maupun parsial terhadap nilai perusahaan subsektor food and beverage.
 
By using financial ratio analysis of the stock prices of five food and beverage companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2018-2022, this study aims to show how the independent variables of profitability and company size impact or relate to the dependent variable of firm value. Secondary data with panel data type processed in this study were obtained from the Stock Exchange (BEI) and related company websites. The purposive sampling method was used in this study. The data analysis method uses multiple linear regression analysis. The results of the analysis show that the variables of profitability and company size have no simultaneous or partial influence on the value of the food and beverage subsector companies.
El desafío de prevenir y tratar una enfermedad con gran heterogeneidad
Authors: Tonietti Miriam
Published: December 2023

La diabetes mellitus 1 (DM1) es una enfermedad autoinmune órgano-específica que resulta de la destrucción crónica inmunomediada de las células β productoras de insulina y que afecta a más de 14 millones de personas en el mundo. Es un proceso progresivo caracterizado por una fase preclínica de evolución asintomática variable, con la aparición de múltiples autoanticuerpos que preceden al desarrollo de la disglucemia y, posteriormente, por una fase clínica con los síntomas cardinales típicos que contribuyen al diagnóstico.  

Aunque la insulina se descubrió hace un siglo y el desarrollo de nuevas tecnologías para administrar y monitorear el tratamiento ha permitido reducir la tasa de complicaciones y mejorar la calidad de vida de las personas con DM, la enfermedad aún es incurable. Los pacientes requieren administrarse múltiples inyecciones al día o sistemas de infusión continua de insulina para mantener niveles aceptables de glucemia. Y, a pesar de estos avances en los monitoreos y tratamientos intensivos, la mayoría no alcanza los objetivos metabólicos. La carga de vivir con DM es considerable para el paciente, la familia y la sociedad.
Vulnerabilidades sociais do território e os impactos na saúde mental
Authors: Pessoa Denise , Soares Themis
Published: December 2023

A Organização Mundial da Saúde nos últimos anos enfatizou a injustiça social como causa para as desigualdades que afetam direta e indiretamente as condições de saúde e doença das populações em esfera global. O objetivo geral deste estudo foi refletir como as vulnerabilidades sociais do território impactam no processo saúde/doença dos sujeitos em saúde mental. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de abordagem qualitativa, orientada pelo método da Prática Baseada em Evidências (PBE). Foi realizada uma análise bibliográfica norteada por seis etapas: definição da questão de pesquisa para o desenvolvimento da revisão; busca na literatura dos estudos primários; extração dos dados; avaliação dos estudos primários; interpretação dos resultados; apresentação da revisão. Assim, emergiram três eixos de discussões: principais características locais dos grupos em situações de vulnerabilidade social; processo saúde-doença dos sujeitos em vulnerabilidades sociais atrelados à saúde mental; principais barreiras de acesso aos serviços de saúde. Portanto, é necessário difundir o assunto no âmbito social e acadêmico, pois desconsiderar as condições de vida como fator impactante na saúde mental dos sujeitos é negar a existência de um problema. Partindo da premissa de um cuidado em saúde mental integral e de base comunitária, é imprescindível analisar as condições que esses sujeitos possuem para viver dignamente.