bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Towards robust interdisciplinary modeling of global human-environmental dynamics
Authors: Meyer Carsten
Published: February 2023

Real-world environmental problems are typically vast, urgent, and complex. Confronted with such problems, we are often tempted to act fast by pulling together little bits and pieces from different fields and simply adding these to pre-existing models and frameworks. Seldom, though, do we pause long enough to look whether and for how long those larger structures we build can support reliable answers to our questions. In this Perspective, I critically discuss the current state of interdisciplinary coupled modeling of human-environment relationships, with a focus on the classical model virtues precision, generality, and realism. I draw examples mainly from integrated assessment models – popular coupled modeling frameworks that are increasingly coupled further with ecological models to address biodiversity questions in the context of broader global-change and sustainability challenges. Specifically, I discuss i) how limitations in our models’ training data and underpinning theories translate into excessively uncertain predictions, ii) how coupling even highly general sub-models can lead to hardly generalizable representations of indirect human-environment relationships, and iii) how representing ever more processes decreases rather than increases realism due to greater average measurement bias, a problem further exacerbated as we add processes based on their relevance for our own systems of interest, rather than for the real-world systems’ dynamics. I also explore barriers to advancing scientific modeling virtues amid other, non-scientific motivations for interdisciplinary modeling (e.g., cultural, economic, normative). Finally, I offer suggestions to modelers and other actors in science, science administration, and science policy to help promote a transition to more robust interdisciplinary coupled models that can remain powerful for addressing major sustainability challenges far beyond the next iteration of science-policy assessments.
Two kinds of counterfactual closeness
Authors: Doan Tiffany , Denison Stephanie , Friedman Ori
Published: February 2023

People often consider counterfactual events that did not happen, and some counterfactuals seem so close to actual events that they are described as aspects of reality. In five pre-registered experiments (N = 1195), we show there are two kinds of counterfactual closeness. These two kinds of closeness are inferred from different causes, elicit different emotions, and are described using different linguistic expressions. Distance-based closeness is inferred from the distance between the counterfactual and reality, is expressed by saying the counterfactual almost happened, and is more strongly linked with disappointment than surprise. Meanwhile, odds-based closeness is inferred from prior odds, is expressed by saying the counterfactual easily could have happened, and is more strongly linked with surprise. Even without information about the distance between outcomes and prior odds, people more strongly link expressions of whether something almost happened with disappointment and link expressions of whether something easily could have happened with surprise. In sum, counterfactual closeness is not perceived on a single dimension. Instead, there are at least two forms of closeness.
Digital Collaborative Learning in Elementary and Middle Schools as a Function of Individualistic and Collectivistic Culture: The Role of ICT Coordinators’ Leadership Experience, Students’ Collaboration Skills, and Sustainability
Authors: Blau Ina , Shamir-Inbal Tamar , Hadad Shlomit
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of online collaborative learning experiences on students' digital collaboration skills and on the sustainability of e-collaboration in schools' culture – comparing individualistic versus collectivistic cultures. In addition, we explored how the leadership experience of schools’ ICT coordinators was predicted by their sense of professionalism and cognitive, emotional and social aspects of perceived learning, while leading the collaborative projects. The participants were ICT coordinators from 513 Israeli schools; 214 of whom were Hebrew-speakers, and 299 Arabic-speakers. The participants were asked to complete an online questionnaire, which included multiple-choice and open-ended questions. The results showed significant differences between a variety of the coordinator-related variables as a function of learning culture (more individualistic versus more collectivistic). Coordinators' leadership experience was a powerful predictor of students’ digital collaboration skills, but did not predict the sustainability of e-collaboration. Coordinators' emotional perceived learning predicted the sustainability of collaboration in both schools with more individualistic and with more collectivistic learning cultures. The implications of the findings for educational theory and practice are discussed.
Structural, Morphological, and Optical Properties of Zinc Oxide Nanorods for LPG sensor
Authors: J. Mohammed Ali , J. Hassan Jalal , J Kasim S , A. Mahdi M.
Published: February 2023

In this research, zinc oxide nanorods were prepared by chemical bath deposition method (CBD) through using raw materials on the glass substrate. The crystalline structure, surface morphology, elemental composition and optical properties of ZnO were studied by X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive spectrometers (energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy EDXS), and UV-vis spectrophotometer, respectively. The sensing properties of the ZnO nanorod arrays were determined for different flows and temperatures. The results indicate that the ZnO nanorods have good sensitivity and stability when compared with other traditional ZnO films.
Mother Tongue as an Interactional Mediation in Nepalese ELT Classes: A Phenomenological Study
Authors: Sharma Uma Nath
Published: February 2023

In this paper, I explore the use of mother tongue (MT) as an interactional mediation in the Nepalese community school English language teaching (ELT) classes within the framework of the lived experiences of the teachers and their Grade 9 students. For this, I observed the classes, collected written lived-experience descriptions (LEDs) from the teachers, and took phenomenological interviews with the teachers (N = 3) and students (N = 5). I analyzed the data thematically using ATLAS.ti 9 from the perspective of the interactional mediational aspect of the sociocultural theory of the second language (L2) learning, which postulates that the mother tongue can have the function of interactional mediator in learning an L2. The study finds the participants have lived the experience of using the MT for its interactional functions. The conclusion is that the interactional function of MT in ELT classrooms cannot be ignored in the context same or similar to the researched one which is characterized by the less interactive students hesitant at speaking in English, and the same MT shared by both the teachers and students.
The Gulf War as Simulacra: An Analysis of Vishwa Ghatana [World Affairs] on Nepal Television
Authors: Aryal Kundan
Published: February 2023

Between early August 1990 and the end of February 1991, the coverage of the Persian Gulf War on Cable News Network (CNN) television showcases a comprehensive example of simulacra. Based on Jean Baudrillard's ideas of postmodern simulacra and simulation, this paper attempts to demonstrate how the simulacra of the Gulf War appeared before the Nepali audience through a domestic nationwide channel. The major source of news and perspectives of the contents of Nepal Television's world affairs program were the reports and images of CNN. The paper, with an approach to looking into the event retrospectively, demonstrates a case where CNN used a comparatively small television channel in a developing country to disseminate its cultural product to the local audience in their vernacular language. Taking Nepal Television (NTV) and its Vishwa Ghatana [World Affairs], a program dedicated to the world affairs as a case in point, this paper examines relationships between the rhetoric and reality in the theoretical and conceptual frame of simulacra and simulation based on Baudrillard’s ideas.
Riplle Mill Machine Failure Analysis Using the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) Method at PT. Ujong Neubok In
Authors: Jayarullah  , Rita Hartati
Published: February 2023

Palm oil is a plantation crop of high economic value and is one of the crops producing vegetable oil and various other derivative products. Palm oil processing is one of the factors that determine the business productivity of a palm oil mill. The smoothness of the production process is greatly influenced by the reliability of the machines used. The Ripple Mill machine is a meisn that serves as a seed breaker to separate the shell from the palm kernel. This study aims to identify failures that occur in the Ripple Mill engine. This research uses the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) method, which is to find out and observe whether the failure rate can be analyzed or measured so as to minimize the damage / failure. Based on the results of the study, there are 5 failure risks that occur in the Ripple Mill engine with the component that has the highest value is the V-Belt, which is 294 RPN,  while the one with the lowest value is the Ripple Plate Pipe with a Risk Priority Number value of 60 RPN.
La grenade Punica granatum, aspect botanique et phytogéographique
Authors: Kanoun K.
Published: February 2023

Cette présente fiche est une revue générale sur la grenade Punica granatum, en axant sur son historique, sa géolocalisation, ses symboles dans différentes cultures mondiales et les techniques d’amélioration de quelques variétés existantes.
Évaluation des effets de l’accompagnement haptonomique sur les symptômes dépressifs et anxieux maternels au cours de la grossesse
Authors: Guennec S. , Wendland J.
Published: February 2023

Cette étude vise à évaluer les potentiels effets positifs de l’haptonomie vis-à-vis des symptômes anxieux et dépressifs maternels en prénatal. Au total, 375 femmes enceintes, âgées de 18 à 45 ans et vivant en France, ont participé à cette étude. Elles ont répondu à un autoquestionnaire en ligne répertoriant leurs données sociodémographiques et à deux autoquestionnaires sur leur symptomatologie dépressive et anxieuse au cours de la grossesse. Les résultats montrent des niveaux plus faibles de symptômes dépressifs et anxieux chez les femmes suivant des séances d’haptonomie par rapport à celles suivant un accompagnement à la naissance classique. L’haptonomie apparaît comme un facteur protecteur face à cette symptomatologie, indépendamment de la parité et du nombre de séances suivies. Enfin, le choix de l’haptonomie semble être motivé par l’inclusion du père dans la relation et dans la communication au sein de la triade et par la volonté de vivre une grossesse plus sereine.
Analisis pendapatan petani karet sistem pemasaran lelang di kecamatan kuantan mudik kabupaten kuantan singingi
Authors: Lailatul Budri
Published: February 2023

Salah satu komoditi unggulan sektor perkebunan adalah karet. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis biaya produksi usahatani karet dan pendapatan bersih yang diterima serta menganalisis efesiensi usahatani karet sistem pemasaran lelang. Penelitian dilakukan di Kecamatan Kuantan Mudik Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan metode survey dengan pengambilan sampel secara random sampling kepada 23 orang petani karet. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa biaya produksi yang dikeluarkan petani karet sistem pemasaran lelang yaitu Rp 9.058.465,36/ha/tahun. Pendapatan bersih yang diterima yaitu Rp 6.983.482,79/ha/tahun. Nilai RCR (Return Cost Ratio) yaitu 1,77 hal ini berarti usahatani yang dilakukan memperoleh keuntungan serta dikatakan telah efisien karena nilai RCR yang diperoleh besar dari satu (RCR>1). RCR 1,77 artinya setiap biaya yang dikeluarkan petani Rp.1,00 akan menghasilkan pendapatan kotor sebesar Rp 1,77 dan pendapatan bersih sebesar Rp. 0,77.

 

Kata kunci: Karet, Pendapatan, Lelang, Efisiensi
Management of Peatland Fires Based on Local Wisdom for Sago Farmers in Sungai Tohor, Tebing Tinggi Timur District, Meranti Islands Regency
Authors: Fransiska Silvia
Published: February 2023

Kebakaran lahan gambut di Desa Sungai Tohor, Kecamatan Tebing Tinggi Timur, Kabupaten Kepulauan Meranti merupakan kejadian pertama kali bagi masyarakat setempat. Kanalisasi di lahan gambut menjadi penyebab utama kekeringan di lahan gambut. Akibat yang ditimbulkan merugikan petani dari aspek perekonomian, kesehatan, serta sosial. Ekosistem gambut juga mengalami kerusakan. Mata pencaharian utama masyarakat Desa Sungai Tohor yaitu sebagai petani sagu. Upaya penanggulangan dilakukan dengan kearifan lokal setempat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan karakteristik petani sagu, menganalisis peran kearifan lokal yang masih ada dalam menanggulangi kebakaran lahan gambut serta menganalisis hubungan antara karakteristik individu petani dengan peran kearifan lokal dalam menanggulangi kebakaran lahan gambut. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan snowball sampling untuk mencari petani yang sesuai dengan kriteria yang telah ditentukan dengan metode purposive sampling dan alat analisis skala likert, analisis deskriptif, dan analisisi rank spearman.  Hasil penelitian ini mendeskripsikan bahwa umur petani umumnya berada pada usia produktif dan berpendidikan, memiliki pendapatan yang tinggi, memiliki luas lahan 5-10 Ha dengan status kempemilikan pribadi dan jarak lokasi lahan 1-3 km dengan pemukiman. Sedangkan  instruktur pelatih atau penyuluh, dukungan tokoh masyarakat, peranan kelompok, media informasi dan komunikasi serta dukungan pemerintah termasuk kategori sedang. Upaya penanggulangan kebakaran lahan gambut teridentifikasi pada kegiatan pengetahuan lokal, aspek nilai lokal, keterampilan lokal, sumber daya lokal, dan mekaniasme pengambilan keputusan lokal.  Karakteristik petani yang memiliki hubungan dengan peran kearifan lokal yaitu umur, tingkat pendidikan, pendapatan, instruktur pelatih atau penyuluh, dukungan tokoh masyarakat, media informasi dan komunikasi serta dukungan pemerintah.
De la práctica al saber pedagógico
Authors: Castaño López Mg. Jesús Olmedo
Published: February 2023

La pedagogía como ciencia de la educación por la comunidad y para la comunidad, lleva a la reflexión permanente del docente del siglo XXI a un examen riguroso de su quehacer práctico disciplinar al saber teórico de la pedagogía (Transposición didáctica). Sin desconocer que la reflexión sobre los diferentes tópicos de la globalización y la mundialización, exigen retos y desafíos que la educación, como factor de desarrollo humano y social, amerita resolver. Así se piense la pedagogía como ciencia o como un hecho utópico necesario y fundamental o como un saber crítico que posibilita una mirada intencional hacia la conciencia de los pueblos, frente a sus propios proyectos de vida de las comunidades.
Una aproximación a las prácticas de lectura en la universidad
Authors: Cano Areiza Marcela , De Castro Daza Diana Patricia
Published: February 2023

Este artículo realiza una aproximación a las prácticas de lectura en la universidad, documentadas en trabajos de investigación y de reflexión. Con este propósito, se aborda el concepto de lectura desde la perspectiva socioeducativa, el procesamiento de la información y el socio-constructivismo, enmarcados en las psicologías del conocimiento y la semiótica; de igual forma, se trabaja el concepto de prácticas de lectura como un andamiaje social. También se presentan investigaciones y programas de intervención sobre las prácticas de lectura en la universidad. Finalmente, se realiza una reflexión alrededor de los estudios sobre las prácticas de lectura y los desafíos que implican en la educación superior.
Liga de gimnasia
Authors: Orrego Alejandro , Hernández Fernando
Published: February 2023

La liga de gimnasia se encuentra localizada en la comuna centro en el barrio buenos aires de la ciudad de Pereira. Su localización exacta es en la carrera 11 con calle 37. Esta zona es reconocida pos sus habitantes como un área deportiva, ya que es donde se inicia la preparación de los deportistas que se presentaron en los juegos nacionales en el año 1963, desde entonces las personas interesadas en este tipo de deporte se entrenan allí día tras día.
¿Qué hace un negociador internacional de la Universidad Católica de Pereira? ensayo libre sobre la carrera
Authors: Sánchez Muñoz Saidy
Published: February 2023

Una de las primeras decisiones más difíciles que debemos tomar en la vida tiene que ver con la profesión que elegimos, pues en adelante tendremos que relacionarnos con esa decisión e influye directamente en la felicidad y la aptitud frente al trabajo.
Istiqomah dalam Al-Qur`an (Perspektif Abu Bakar Jabir Al-Jazairi)
Authors: Putri Zikra Wahyuni , Amril Dapit
Published: February 2023

The main problem in this journal is how to interpret istiqomah in the Qur'an according to the perspective of Abu Bakar Jabir al-Jazairi. The purpose of this study is to find out the interpretation of istiqomah verses in the Qur'an based on the perspective of Abu Bakar Jabir al-Jazairi in his interpretation of Aisar at-tafasir li Kalamil 'Aliyyil Kabir. The type of research used is library research. While the data collection technique that the author uses is to collect all data regarding istiqomah in the Qur'an and then the author analyzes the verses of the Qur'an through the term istaqoma. The interpretation method used is the maudu'i method. In the management of interpretive data by Abu Bakar Jabir al-Jazairi, a character study approach, content analysis and a bil ma'tsur interpretation approach are used. This study also discusses the meaning of istiqomah according to Abu Bakar Jabir al-Jazairi and the reward for istiqomah according to Abu Bakar Jabir al-Jazairi.
Menangis Menurut Tafsir Al-Maraghi Karya Ahmad Mustafa Al-Maraghi
Authors: Yasni Yuni Fitri , Satriadi Inong
Published: February 2023

The main problem in this paper is to see the many verses of the Qur'an talking about crying, making it difficult for people to distinguish where crying is recommended and crying is forbidden by the Prophet Muhammad Saw. The purpose of this study is: (1) to describe and analyze the prohibited form of crying, (2) To describe and analyze the recommended form of crying and (3) To describe and analyze the benefits of crying. The type of research that the author uses is library research with the thematic interpretation or Maudhu'i analysis method. The primary source of data in this study is Ahmad Mustafa al-Maraghi's Tafsir al-Maraghi, especially verses from the Qur'an and history related to crying. From the research that the author conducted, it can be concluded that the prohibited form of crying is pretending. Meanwhile, the recommended forms of crying are: (1) crying with emotion for the truth of the Qur'an, (2) crying, (3) crying for sincerity and, (4) crying regret for mistakes made (related to crying on the day of judgment). Then the benefits of crying are: (1) it can increase the solemnity, and (2) it is promised enjoyment by Allah Swt.
Efektifitas Peningkatan Literasi Berbasis Inklusi Sosial di Dinas Perpustakaan dan Kearsipan Kota Payakumbuh
Authors: Ariska Lusi , Erlianti Gustina
Published: February 2023

The current development of technology and information has a major impact on the development of people's lives, because people must be able to adapt and follow developments in technology and information. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of increasing literacy based on social inclusion. The type of research used is qualitative with a descriptive approach by interviewing three (3) informants, namely the Head of the Payakumbuh City Library and Archives Service, the Ipil Susanti librarian, and the community as a member of TBM, namely Sesmi Anggia who participated in the socialization activity. The research results obtained are literacy development activities based on social inclusion at the Payakumbuh City Library and Archives Service which can be said to be effective, we can see this from increasing community literacy and the community gaining new knowledge about business opportunities and changing the mindset of the community that libraries are not only a place to store books but the function of the library is more than that.
Iklim Komunikasi Organisasi di Kantor Urusan Agama Kecamatan Hiliran Gumanti Kabupaten Solok
Authors: Dani Feri Ilham , Nupiah Ali , Mastanora Refika
Published: February 2023

This study aims to determine the organizational communication climate in the office of religious affairs (KUA) Hiliran Gumanti District, Solok Regency. The type of research that the author does is descriptive research, where the research method describes the characteristics of the phenomenon being studied. Data processing was carried out in a qualitative descriptive manner. Based on the results of the research that the author examined, the Organizational Communication Climate in the Office of Religious Affairs (KUA) of Hiliran Gumanti District by using the theory of Organizational Climate Dimensions in which the Communication Climate of the KUA of Hiliran Gumanti District includes trust, openness and candor, and upward communication flow, and internal dimensions. the formation of an organizational climate includes responsibility, quality standards of work, rewards or rewards, brotherhood and team spirit at work. While the factors that affect the organizational climate in KUA Hiliran Gumanti sub-district include leadership style, employee cultural behavior, and external factors that support work.
Manusia Sebagai Makhluk Sosial
Authors: Iffah Fadhillah , Yasni Yuni Fitri
Published: February 2023

Humans are said to be social creatures, who always want to be in touch with others, want to know the surrounding environment and want to know what is going on within themselves, that feeling forces someone to need to communicate. As social beings and living in groups in everyday life, of course, there is no such thing as interaction and mutual communication. In relation to being social beings, humans always live together with others. Humans need each other and must interact with other humans. This is because humans cannot fulfill their daily needs alone. Humans will join with other humans to form groups to fulfill their needs and life goals, which in this case will always be in contact with other social creatures because they cannot live alone. In this case, humans are always in touch with each other whether they realize it or not to always meet the needs in their lives.
Facial skin disease prediction using StarGAN v2 and transfer learning
Authors: Holmes Kristen , Sharma Poonam , Fernandes Steven
Published: February 2023

Deep learning algorithms have become the most prominent methods for medical image analysis over the past years, leading to enhanced performances in various medical applications. In this paper, we focus on applying intelligent skin disease detection to face images, where the crucial challenge is the low availability of training data. To achieve high disease detection and classification success rates, we adapt the state-of-the-art StarGAN v2 network to augment images of faces and combine it with a transfer learning approach. The experimental results show that the classification accuracies of transfer learning models are in the range of 77.46–99.80% when trained on datasets that are extended with StarGAN v2 augmented data.
Features of standard time formation to implement construction processes: a case study
Authors: Tonkacheiev Hennadii , Rudnieva Iryna , Tonkacheiev Vitalii , Priadko Yurii
Published: February 2023

Introduction. The current article is based on the theoretical analysis and experience in the construction processes standardization. The advantages and disadvantages of the existing automated process planning systems (APPS) and the system of computer-aided design and standardization of technological processes SPRUT-TP-Regulation are shown.
Problem Statement. The existing systems are mainly created for mechanical engineering. The APPS system has also been expanded for the production of metal building structures. However, an issue of the real standard time for construction processes at the construction site remains unresolved. Particular attention is paid to the problem of choosing the structures of formwork systems to optimize the installation of in-situ concrete structures.
Purpose.Development of a new method for determining the duration and complexity of construction processes that allows to consider any changes in the structure of processes and to determine the standard time by synthesis.
Materials and methods. The method of integer standardization of processes is considered which, in contrast to existing methods, makes possible to compare the various design solutions of formwork forms.
Results. The duration of formwork assembly and disassembly is proposed to be determined in whole numbers, depending on the number of formwork elements movements and the degree of responsibility for the reliability and quality of the processes. The article proposes the structure of the construction process and gives the main directions to create an information database regarding the standard time of construction processes implementation.
Conclusions. The new approach solves the problem of synthesizing the time of construction processes.
Сlassification and causes of shearing processes and methods of calculating slopes
Authors: Solodei Ivan , Petrenko Eduard , Pavlenko Vasyl
Published: February 2023

The article reflects the results of a systematic analysis of scientific and technical literature for the purpose of studying the existing classifications of landslides and landslide processes, the reasons for the activation of landslides, as well as normative and traditional methods of calculating the stability of slopes.
The constant need to attract new sites for construction leads to the active use of areas with difficult engineering and geological conditions, including landslide and landslide-prone areas. The use of such areas entails certain risks and is a complex engineering task. Solving this problem is impossible without a detailed analysis of the existing state of the slope and a forecast of its behavior under the influence of potential natural and man-made influences. Various classifications of landslides, landslide processes and landslide systems are considered in the article . It is noted that there is still no generally accepted classification of landslides, which is due to the difference in terminological and conceptual bases in different countries. The complexity and heterogeneity of the morphology and genesis of slopes, as well as a large number of natural and man-made factors that can affect it, actually make it impossible to develop a unified classification convenient for use in various cases. An analysis of scientific and technical literature was carried out in order to identify natural and technogenicfactors that have an impact on the development of shear deformations.
The work considers normative and traditional methods of calculating slopes. According to normative documents, general requirements and recommendations for the calculation of landslide and landslide-prone slopes are given. The division of analytical methods into certain groups, performed by different authors, and a brief overview of the most common methods are considered. These methods have certain advantages and disadvantages, which determine the rationality of their application in various conditions.
Dynamics of primary structure coupled with single-sided vibro-impact nonlinear energy sink
Authors: Lizunov Petro , Pogorelova Olha , Postnikova Tetiana
Published: February 2023

In this paper, we consider a two-mass 2-DOF vibro-impact system, consisting of a linear oscillator, called the primary structure, and an impact damper attached to it. A damper with a small mass hits a wall rigidly connected to the primary structure. This scheme corresponds to the scheme of single-sided vibro-impact nonlinear energy sink – SSVI NES. It is shown that even a light damper can reduce the amplitude and velocity of the primary structure oscillatory movement, that is, decrease its energy. Further optimization of damper parameters should improve this effect. The impact simulation using Hertz’s nonlinear contact force makes it possible to take into account the mechanical characteristics of all colliding surfaces in more detail. The introduction of the initial distance between the primary structure and the damper into the calculation scheme makes it possible to take into account the impact between bodies and see when this impact is absent.
Simplification of the calculation scheme for determining the stress state of non-thin cylindrical shells with a complex cross-sectional shape ellipticity
Authors: Rozhok Liliia , Onishchenko Artur , Garkusha Mykola , Bashkevych Iryna
Published: February 2023

An alternative to full-scale experiments is computer simulation, which allows studying a variety of states, phenomena, processes, etc. occurring in the environment.
Conducting a computational experiment is an integral part of the design phase of new structures and their elements. One of the important issues is the choice of research model, feasible calculation scheme and possibility of its simplification.
This research investigates orthotropic non-thin cylindrical shells with corrugated ellipses as cross sections, which has the two-parameter deviation of the cross-section shape from a circular one. Considered are shells, for which the cross-section curvature radius of the reference surface has the positive sign. The shells are subjected to internal pressure under conditions of simple support on the ends.The subject of the study is the stress state of shells and, as a consequence, the establishment of the relationship between the geometric parameters of the reference surface of the cross sections and the possibility of simplifying the calculation scheme (excluding from consideration the parameter characterizing ellipticity).The problem is solved using the spatial model of linear elasticity theory based on the method of approximation of functions by discrete Fourier series.For the class of considered shells, we find the limits of possible simplification of the calculation scheme during calculations on durability with use of the fourth theory of durability (the theory of the greatest specific potential energy), due to exclusion from consideration of the parameter, which characterizes ellipticity of corrugated cylindrical shells.The cross-sectional radius of curvature of the reference surface in the zone of greatest rigidity was chosen as a criterion for the possibility of using a simplified scheme. It is found that a simplified scheme can be used when the cross-section curvature radius of the reference surface of elliptical corrugated cylindrical shells in this section differs from that for circular corrugated shells by no more than 17%.
Priority directions of international airport infrastructure development
Authors: Maksymiuk Yurii , Chulinda Liudmyla , Korchova Halyna , Pochka Kostiantyn
Published: February 2023

The main focus of international civil aviation is on ensuring the safety of the aviation industry, the need to address the problems of safe and efficient deployment of new types of aircraft, accompanied by the introduction of new types of operators in aviation. Implementation of effective international and European standards, transformation and modernization of airport infrastructure is one of the directions of Ukraine's work in the process of adapting civil aviation legislation to international and European standards, as well as in developing the UN Sustainable Development Goals. Effective operation of international airports in the XXI century is impossible without improving the unification process.

In the context of global competition, the developed infrastructure of international airports is becoming not only one of the factors increasing the country's capacity for economic growth, but also becoming a competitive advantage in the global market. However, with the expansion of air traffic, the issue of imperfection of airport service infrastructure is becoming more acute, there is a need for balanced development of all its elements.

The aviation industry is one of the most innovative in the world, where infrastructure is created through airports and air traffic control. The article analyzes the ways to restore the infrastructure of Ukrainian airports after the cessation of Russian military aggression, which caused incredible destruction, in particular, in the airport industry, describes the requirements for the design and construction of new and reconstruction of existing facilities at the airport. Emphasis is placed on the fact that regardless of the size and intensity of passenger traffic, special requirements are set for airport security. In the construction of new airports, security begins to play an important role during the preparation of relevant documentation. The design of runways, taxiways, platforms and car parks is subject to exceptionally high quality standards in terms of their load-bearing capacity, properties and durability. It is determined that construction on the aerodrome territory is carried out during the planning of territories by developing and approving urban planning documentation taking into account the restrictions on the use of the aerodrome territory (obstacle-limiting areas, aviation noise restriction zones, aeronautical equipment protection zones, as well as restrictions on landing and departure at the aerodrome, use of zones for training and other flights).

The aim of the article is to substantiate with the use of comparative and systematic methods of priority areas of infrastructure development of international airports of Ukraine, identify current trends in development, transformation and modernization of airport infrastructure, as Ukraine's development is influenced by current global trends.
Specified models in the problems of the deformation of multilayer plates on a rigid foundations
Authors: Gurtovyi Oleksii , Tynchuk Serhii , Ugrin Liubomyr
Published: February 2023

The analysis and estimation of the stress-strain state (SSS) of multilayered plates on a rigid foundation under the action of stationary transverse loading is an urgent task. As its includes the calculations of strength and deformability of various homogeneous and multilayer coatings. This is the calculation of pavement on relatively rigid bridge structures, or on a non-deformable underlying layer, protective multilayer coatings of flat elements of structures of greater rigidity than roofing, parts and more. Combining materials with isotropic and transversely isotropic physical characteristics into a multilayer package allows you to create multifunctional structures. The SSS of such structures, due to their structural heterogeneity and relatively low transverse stiffness of the individual layers, is significantly associated with the influence of transverse shear deformations and transverse compression deformations. Therefore, the problem of refined modeling of SSS plates, which would take into account these types of deformations, is urgent. Based on the decomposition of the SSS plate into flexural and unflexuralcomponents, it is proposed to optimize the design scheme of deformation of a rectangular multilayer plate on a rigid foundation. The essence of optimization is to consider such a calculation scheme of the plate, in which the SSS of the plate would be fully described by only one component, namely the unflexural component of SSS. To do this, instead of the actual design of the multilayer plate, which is deformed without separation from the foundation, it is proposed to consider the design scheme of the plate, which is formed by symmetrical completion relative to the contact surface of the plate with the foundation. In this case, the plate will be bilaterally symmetrically loaded relative to the middle surface of the plate, and the thickness of the plate will double. SSS plate will be unflexural, which greatly simplifies its modeling. For unflexural SSS, a two-dimensional, high-degree iterative approximation, but three-dimensional models of deformation of multilayer rectangular plate on a rigid foundation with isotropic and transverse-isotropic layers are constructed in an elastic formulation.That models takes full account deformationof transverseshearand transverse compression at transverse loading of a plate. By solving the test problems of deformation of isotropic and transversely isotropic plates on a rigid foundation with sliding and rigid contact with the foundation, and comparing the solutions with the exact three-dimensional solutions of these problems obtained by known methods, the accuracy of the proposed refined models is estimated.The limits of admissible parameters of elastic characteristics of transversely isotropic plates for application of the offered models are established.
Numerical simulation of the experiment on testing a group of piles using different models of soil base
Authors: Nosenko Viktor , Kashoida Ostap
Published: February 2023

In the paper, the influence of the selected model of the soil environment on the stress-strain state (SSS) of the pile foundation is studied. The following issue sare considered: 1) analysis of the main models of the soil environment, widely used in modeling the interaction of foundations with soil foundations; 2) Numerical modeling of the stress-strain state of the "base – pile foundation" system was performed using foundation models in the form of: variable stiffness coefficients, volume tricelastic and elastic-plastic elements of the soil mass; 3) a comparison of the SSS of a pile foundation obtained by numerical modelingusing various foundation models and verification of the results by comparing with the data of a field experiment of testing a group of piles is given. This study is based on field experiments on testing full-scale piles, conducted by prof. Bartolomey A.A. and colleagues. In the experiment, a groupof 9 piles with a length of 5 m and a section of 30x30 cm was driven into the ground. The piles were combined with a reinforced concrete grillage. Numerical modeling of the stress-strain state of the system "base - pilefoundation" was carried out using the SP "Lira – SAPR 2019".
It was revealed that the calculated values of longitud in alforces in piles modeled by rod elements, and the interaction with the base of the base stiffness factors simulated by variables give good convergence with the data of experimental studies. The error for all experimental fields in a wide range of loads is up to 20%. When determining the value of the variable stiffness coefficients, it is necessary to refine the miteratively more than 3 times. The disadvantage of modeling the foundation with variable stiffness factors is the difficulty in obtaining the correct values of bending moments in piles. When using a soil foundation model in the form of volumetric elastic finite elements, the error in determining the longitudinal forces in piles is up to 45%, and the use of elastic-plastic volumetric soil elements increases the accuracy of the calculation. After comparing the calculated and actual values of piles ettlement, we observe an excellent correlation of the results in the variant of the numerical model using volumetric elastic-plastic finite soil elements with the Mohr-Coulomb strength criterion. The error is within 0.8 ... 2%. The use of the model of volumetric elastic elements of the soil massif leads to an under estimation of settlement in piles within the range of up to 8%. The model using variable foundation stiffness factors also under estimates settlement in piles by up to 15%.
Assessment of interaction the new construction object at full load and the surrounding building in the dense urban development conditions
Authors: Prusov Dmytro
Published: February 2023

The work is devoted to research the impact of a new building at full load after completion of its construction has been investigated through an assessment of the interaction with the building envelope, the ground mass of the base and the foundation of the existing five-story building,  in comparison with the assessment of the impact of a deep excavation in the process of engineering preparation for this construction, based on the developed methodology for studying the interaction of new construction objects and nearby buildings in complex engineering and geological conditions and dense development conditions.
For numerical studies of the stability of the combined space, the proposed methodology has been used, which is built on the initial relations of the variational equations of equilibrium and the equation of the load surface in the six-dimensional stress space, which is a development of the theory of the limit stress state of the soil half-space based on the introduction of an extended yield criterion for a plane problem of the nonlinear theory of elasticity and plasticity, which provides for the determination of the value of the second critical load, at which solid sections of the ultimate stress state appear in the soil half-space.
From the analysis of the movements of the nodes located on the vertical face of the «wall in the soil» structure (retaining wall of the pit), it can be concluded that the transverse displacements of the retaining wall compared to the calculations according to the first option have changed to the opposite, which is associated with the formation of a sliding prism under the passive pressure on the retaining wall from the side of the pile foundation of the new building.  This indicates a change in the stress-deformation state of the soil base of the existing building, from the influence of the deep excavation during the construction process, which was evaluated according to the first version of calculations, to the impact of the new building after the end of construction, which was analyzed according to the second version of calculations. In this way, the change in the stress-deformation state of the main urban building is determined, which is a criterion for determining the impact of adjacent construction in the urban area on the condition of the ground bases and foundations of adjacent buildings, their preservation and ensuring safe operation.
Determination of the form of loss the freight cars stability taking into account the gap in the rail track
Authors: Shvets Anzhela
Published: February 2023

Derailments of freight cars occur for various reasons: breakdown of equipment or individual parts; maintenance deviations in the track superstructure; incorrect order of passing and making-up trains; violation of normal dynamic conditions, which occurs due to hunting and unfavorable traffic conditions on a curved track section. In order to avoid derailments and ensure a stability coefficient, the restrictions expressed using certain indicators are set. These indicators determine the conditions for lifting the wheel above the rail head, overturning the rail and widening the railway track. One of the most widely used restrictions is the restriction expressed in terms of the ratio of the lateral force acting on the wheel to the vertical force.Rolling stock derailment when the wheel flange is rolled onto the rail head, as a rule, is facilitated by longitudinal compressive forces.The presence of longitudinal forces in the train results in unloading the wheels moving along the outer rail line, and overloading the wheels moving along the inner rail line.The stability loss of freight cars as part of a train should be divided into two stages: stability loss of the body on suspension springs and the stability loss of the wheel set, which results directly in the derailment.

The work is aimed to study the influence of longitudinal quasi-static compressive forces arising during stationary modes of train movement on the form of freight cars’ instability. The relevance of this study relates to the need to control the longitudinal forces arising during the train movement, taking into account the increase in speeds, masses and lengths of trains, especially freight trains, by in the locomotives power increase. The use of the above methodology will improve the stability of freight rolling stock, justify the cause of derailment, as well as develop and put into practice technical measures to prevent the lift of the carriages, widening and shear of the track.
Vibrations of launch vehicle fairings with conical shape
Authors: Krivenko Olga , Lizunov Petro
Published: February 2023

Vibrations of launch vehicle conical fairings are investigated. Fairings are simulated using thin conic shells. The modal analysis of a thin elastic shell is based on the use of the developed finite element model of an inhomogeneous shell. In general, the technique makes it possible to investigate the geometrically nonlinear deformation, stability, and post-buckling behavior of a wide class of thin elastic shells. The modal analysis of the structure is implemented at each step of the static thermomechanical load. The subspace iteration method is used to determine the spectrum of the lowest vibration frequencies of shells of an inhomogeneous structure. The shell behavior analysis method is based on the relations of the three-dimensional theory of thermoelasticity and uses the finite element moment scheme. A thin elastic shell is simulated by a universal solid isoparametric finite element. The parameters of natural vibrations of conical shells of revolution with different thicknesses are investigated. Comparison of the calculation results obtained by the finite element moment scheme with the data of other authors shows a fairly good agreement between the solutions.