bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the effectiveness of management at the regional level based on the analysis of the activities of authorities
Authors: Klevtsova M. G. , Aseeva O. Yu. , Chaplygina V. A.
Published: October 2024

Relevance. The problem of effective management of regional development is becoming more and more urgent due to the emergence of new conditions (obstacles) of functioning, which pose the task of creating programs for the most effective management of subjects to the regions of Russia and executive authorities. It is important to note the choice of the subject: the Kursk region is an important region of the Central Federal District due to its potential and geographical location.

The subject has a specialization in important sectors of the entire Russian economy, but at the same time may face inefficient management, which will cause a decline in the regional economy. The purpose is to assess the effectiveness of management of an economic entity on the example of the Kursk region by analyzing the activities of executive authorities.

Objectives: to establish the parameters of effective management; to study regional policy as a means of increasing the effectiveness of regional development; to study methods for assessing the effectiveness of regional development through the prism of actions of public authorities; to compare the economic structures of the Kursk region and neighboring regions of the region using specific methodologies; to identify the main problems in the development of the Kursk region.

Methodology. To carry out the research, methods of system analysis and synthesis, statistical data processing, as well as comparative and expert analysis are used. The results of the study include an analysis of the effectiveness of regional policy in the Kursk region and the identification of the main problems in the activities of government agencies that affect the economic growth of the subject.

Conclusions. The Kursk Region is an ambiguous region regarding the quality of regional economic management. Studying the state support of subjects, their management by authorities, we can say that in the field of ecology and industrial development, the state supports the region sufficiently, since these areas are specialized in the region, which cannot be said about other areas. Despite the weak development of other industries, the state needs to provide significant support to such specialized sectors as agriculture and industry.
Management of integration projects within the framework of state support for partnership programs for small, medium and large businesses
Authors: Androsova I. V.
Published: October 2024

Relevance. Small and medium-sized businesses have a significant impact on the development of the economy of any country. However, they often have difficulties in promoting their products (services) and strengthening their positions in the market. To solve this problem, it is necessary to activate integration projects of small and mediumsized enterprises with large companies in terms of providing access to public procurement.

The purpose of writing this article is to develop measures and recommendations for small, medium and large businesses aimed at popularizing the development of joint partnerships, taking into account current government support.

Objectives: Tasks: to assess the growth trends in the volume of purchases of companies with state participation from small and medium-sized enterprises; to consider the scheme of implementation of the partnership program for small and medium-sized enterprises and companies with state participation; to determine information and analytical support for business processes of interaction between major customers and SMEs in successfully implemented partnership programs; to develop recommendations for partner participants to popularize partnership programs.

Methodology. When writing this article, a set of general scientific methods of cognition was used: observation, comparison, description, content analysis, as well as methods of program-targeted planning. Results. The article examines the practical aspects of the implementation of partnership programs for small, medium and large businesses; presents a register of participants in partnership programs in Russia by the end of 2023 from among SMEs (fragment); conducted a content analysis of the official websites of the largest customers (included in the TOP 5), successfully implementing partnership programs with small businesses in their activities and medium-sized businesses for information and analytical support of business processes of interaction.

Conclusions. Measures and recommendations have been developed for all existing and potential participants in partnership programs (small, medium and large businesses). The creation of a single information space between the partners will make it possible to make appropriate management decisions regarding the implementation of possible integration projects.
Idosos, homens e sedentários tiveram maior número de hospitalizações por COVID-19: prevalência e fatores associados em Barbacena-MG, Brasil, 2021-2022
Authors: Ana Vieira de Souza  , Andréia de Fátima Gonçalves Quintão  , Gabriela Júnia Rezende Santos  , Ricardo Bageto Vespoli  , Bergamaschine Mata Diz Juliano
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: Estimar a prevalência de hospitalizações por COVID-19 e investigar os fatores associados em pacientes adultos do município de Barbacena-MG. Método: Estudo transversal que incluiu uma amostra de 248 participantes comunitários (≥18 anos) com queixas pós-COVID-19 atendidos em um ambulatório do Sistema Único de Saúde. Os dados foram coletados entre setembro/2021 e janeiro/2022. A variável dependente foi a hospitalização por COVID-19 (não/sim). As variáveis independentes foram operacionalizadas como: faixa etária (18-59/≥60 anos), sexo (feminino/masculino), raça (branca/outras), escolaridade (ensino superior/médio/ fundamental+analfabeto), estado civil (sem/com companheiro), atividade física (ativo/sedentário), comorbidades (não/sim), hipertensão arterial sistêmica (não/sim), diabetes mellitus (não/sim), uso de medicamentos como tratamento para a COVID-19 (não/sim) e doses de vacina contra a COVID-19 (nenhuma ou uma/≥duas ou três). A prevalência de hospitalizações foi fornecida em porcentagem. A associação entre as variáveis dependente e independentes foi avaliada por meio de regressão logística binária e expressa como odds ratio-OR. Resultado: A prevalência de hospitalizações por COVID-19 foi de 41,5% (36,0% em mulheres e 50,0% em homens). A análise de associação multivariada evidenciou que idade ≥60 anos (OR=2,58 [1,41-4,73]), sexo masculino (OR=1,98 [1,10-3,55]), sedentarismo (OR=2,24 [1,38-4,40]), presença de comorbidades (OR=3,15 [1,61-6,17]) e uso de medicamentos como tratamento para a COVID-19 (OR=3,68 [1,78-7,59]) mantiveram-se significativa e positivamente associadas com maior chance de hospitalização. Conclusão: Quatro em cada 10 pacientes avaliados foram hospitalizados devido à COVID-19. A carga de internações demonstrou-se especialmente elevada em indivíduos idosos, do sexo masculino, sedentários, com comorbidades e que usaram algum medicamento para tratar a COVID-19.
[18F]FDG Brain Imaging Assessment in Preclinical Acute and Chronic Stress Models Using Statistical Parametric Mapping
Authors: Krisch Maximilian , Wilson Jayne Louise , Wanek Thomas , Ettel Paul , Kuntner Claudia , Oezer Oeykue , Weichhart Thomas , Philippe Cécile , Hacker Marcus , Vraka Chrysoula
Published: October 2024

Previous studies have used [18F]FDG as a biomarker for depression, anxiety, or chronic stress in cancer patients1,2. However, they lack specific brain patterns and assessment in preclinical models, limiting their translational potential. Hence, we set out to establish preclinical [18F]FDG brain PET as a method to evaluate stress in vivo.
Lean C57BL/6J mice were exposed to acute and chronic cooling, restraint, and surgical stress. Obese mice were on a high-fat diet for eight weeks and exposed to cooling and restraint stress. [18F]FDG was injected into fasted animals under brief isoflurane anesthesia via the tail vein. Following a 60-minute distribution phase during acute stress or one day after stress exposure (chronic), animals underwent static μPET/CT scans (Siemens® Inveon). Brain images were spatially normalized, and intensity normalization was performed using proportional and histogram-based scaling3 with PMOD (V. 3.8). Normalized images were analyzed using a brain atlas (M. Mirrione) to extract regional SUV and statistical parametric mapping (SPM12) for voxel-wise comparison.
Overall, in lean mice, total brain [18F]FDG-uptake was significantly reduced across all stress models except for acute restraint, whereas total uptake was unaffected in obese mice. Subsequent brain atlas analysis of lean mice revealed changes in regional uptake for all stressors except for chronic cooling, while obese mice were affected by only acute and chronic restraint. Using SPM, we validated stress-specific hypo- and hypermetabolic areas in the brains of lean mice upon acute cooling, acute and chronic restraint, and surgery and in obese mice after chronic restraint (see Figure). We also identified overlapping areas in the brain stem and hypothalamus region following acute cooling and surgery, possibly due to post-surgical hypothermia.
Our findings show that static [18F]FDG-imaging is a valuable tool for noninvasively assessing brain activity in a multitude of stress models and a suitable translational tool for stress research in mice.
Please click on the 'PDF' for the full abstract!
Assessing overall oxidative metabolism of high-metabolic-rate abdominal organs in diet-induced obesity using compartmental modeling of [11C]acetate-PET
Authors: Ustsinau Usevalad , Ozenil Marius , Grosinger Antonia , Wanek Thomas , Hacker Markus , Krššák Martin , Philippe Cecile
Published: October 2024

[11C]Acetate PET imaging is a powerful tool for visualizing and studying metabolic processes in various tissues and organs, particularly in the context of heart disease and prostate cancer. The tracer can reflect tissue perfusion, oxidative metabolism, and fatty acid synthesis[1].
Male Sprague Dawley rats on standard (SD n=6) and after 8-10 weeks on a high-fat diet (HFD n=6) were studied for [11C]acetate turnover. Longitudinal utilization of the tracer in the abdomen was recorded using Siemens Inveon µ-PET/CT. Under isoflurane anesthesia, rats underwent 60 min dynamic [11C]acetate-PET scans and additionally on the next week venous blood sampling for [11C]CO2-metabolite analysis (7-time points; SD n=3; HFD n=3) accordingly[2]. Delineation of kidneys, myocardium and liver; SUV calculations; 1-tissue compartmental modeling with blood-to-plasma ratio and [11C]CO2-metabolite correction were performed in PMOD3.8; clearance rate was calculated in Carimas2.1.
Semi-quantification methods demonstrated contrasting outcomes between the groups. Increased renal (right p=0.04, left p=0.03) and myocardial (p=0.01) uptake (Fig.A) was observed in the HFD group, while clearance rates in kidneys (right p=0.01, left p=0.04) and liver (p=0.03) were decreased (Fig.B). Blood sampling for [11C]CO2-metabolite analysis revealed differing profiles between the groups, with a maximum peak at 30 min in SD and two peaks at 5 and 40 min in HFD animals (Fig.C). Deeper analysis using 1-tissue compartmental modeling shed light on the hepatic uptake and showed a difference in the volume of distribution (Vt), which was significantly decreased in the HFD group (p<0.001) (Fig.D).
The study indicates [11C]acetate accumulation in metabolically active organs: kidneys, heart, and liver. Compartmental modeling demonstrated the necessity of metabolite correction for quantitative analysis. Previously, Sprague Dawley rats on HFD were studied for fatty acid uptake and decline of VLDL synthesis[3] that can correlate with the variation of Vt in the liver and confirm pathological changes in organ functioning.
Please click on the 'PDF' for the full abstract!
An instantly applicable machine learning model for extraprostatic extension prediction in prostate cancer: A post-hoc analysis of the RAPID 68Ga-PSMA PET/MRI trial
Authors: Ning Jing , Spielvogel Clemens , Kluge Kilian , Haberl David , Wasinger Gabriel , Papp Laszlo , Grubmüller Bernhard , Shariat Shahrokh , Kenner Lukas , Hacker Marcus , Haug Alexander , Rasul Sazan
Published: October 2024

Radical prostatectomy (RP) is a common first-line treatment for patients with localized prostate cancer (PCa), with nerve-sparing techniques recommended to minimize adverse effects on quality of life. Accurate pre-operative detection of extraprostatic extension (EPE) remains difficult, often resulting in suboptimal treatment choices. Machine learning (ML) has the potential to improve pre-operative EPE detection through the integration of multimodal data, but its clinical adoption is hindered by implementation complexities and explainability issues.
This study conducted a post-hoc analysis of a prospective clinical trial (NCT02659527) involving patients who underwent [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/MRI from 2014 to 2019. Only the clinically used parameters were collected, including PET-derived features, blood-based markers, histology-derived parameters, and patient demographics. ML models were developed using either only non-invasive features or a combination of non-invasive and invasive features for EPE detection and were compared to conventional PET image readings.
Among the 77 patients included in the study, 44 (57%) had EPE based on post-surgical findings. The ML models outperformed traditional PET image readings in diagnostic accuracy, with the explainable boosting machine (EBM) model achieving an AUC of 0.88. The ML model incorporating invasive features showed superior predictive ability for EPE compared to visual clinical assessments (AUC 0.88 vs. 0.71, p 0.02), while the difference between the ML model with non-invasive features and clinical assessments was not significant (AUC 0.83 vs. 0.71, p 0.34).
Explainable ML models utilizing routinely acquired clinical data can greatly enhance the pre-operative detection of EPE in PCa patients, potentially leading to more accurate clinical staging, better treatment decisions, and improved patient outcomes.
Please click on the 'PDF' for the full abstract!
Imaging Mutant Huntingtin Aggregates using [18F]CHDI-650 PET in a preclinical model of Huntington’s disease
Authors: Fairclough Michael , Jasim Dhifaf , Hall Tracy , Shoop Rosemary , Barjat Herve , Allen Tiffany , Shea Kerry , Marshall Gayle , Maynard Juliana , Liu Longbin , Sharp Paul
Published: October 2024

Huntington’s disease (HD) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder caused by a CAG repeat expansion in the huntingtin gene (HTT) that encodes pathogenic mutant huntingtin (mHTT) protein. Therapeutic strategies aimed at lowering mHTT would benefit from non-invasive PET-based methods to evaluate treatment response. The CHDI foundation developed the first-generation PET ligands labelled with 11C, which advanced to clinical evaluation. Further optimization generated an 18F radioligand with improved metabolic stability, brain exposure and specificity, shown by PET imaging in wild-type mice and autoradiography in HD brain samples1,2. Here, we characterised the PET radioligand [18F]CHDI-650 in the R6/1 mouse model of HD to assess its sensitivity for monitoring treatment response of mHTT lowering therapies.
[18F]CHDI-650 was produced according to an established method3 using a TRACERlab system. Radiochemical purity/molar activity of the final [18F]CHDI-650 product was detected by reverse-phase HPLC analysis.  Dynamic PET imaging was conducted using R6/1 mice and wild-type littermates at various disease stages. Image processing and kinetic modelling (2TCM) analysis were performed using PMOD software. Ex vivo brain radioactivity was measured using gamma counting. Brains were cryo-sectioned and processed for immunofluorescence to identify HTT load.
[18F]CHDI-650 was produced (1.3 ± 0.2 GBq) with an average radiochemical purity of 99.9 ± 0.1 % and a molar activity of 32.4 ± 5.2 GBq/µmol (n = 9). The radioligand was able to discriminate R6/1 HET from WT mice at an early presymptomatic age for both dynamic PET imaging (striatal) and ex vivo whole brain gamma. A well-defined age associated increase was also evident using both measures. Dual immunofluorescence spatially defined the level of aggregated HTT in striatal and hippocampal regions across the age groups.  
[18F]CHDI-650 PET shows great potential as a non-invasive tool for visualising the development of mHTT pathology and as a biomarker for preclinical efficacy studies.
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A Systems-Level Analysis of 2-[18F]FDG PET in Pigs Reveals Complex Skeletal Metabolism Networks in vivo which are altered with Osteomyelitis
Authors: Suchacki Karla , Brown Chloe , Tavares Adriana , Morgan Ruth , Alstrup Aage Kristian Olsen , Jensen Svend Borup , Jødal Lars , Afzeliuss Pia
Published: October 2024

Our understanding of complex tissue interactions at a systems level remains rudimentary, limiting our ability to dissect mechanisms underlying diseases and develop novel therapeutics. Skeletal research has focused on the pathogenicity of obesity and diabetes mellitus on the skeleton; however, it has been recently revealed that the skeleton is not merely an endocrine target but also a secretory organ, modulating systemic energy homeostasis1,2. We recently discovered that different bones within the murine skeleton have a unique glucose metabolism and form a complex metabolic network3. Thus, we hypothesised that different bones within the porcine skeleton would have unique molecular signatures and form a distinct metabolic network, and these networks would be altered by osteomyelitis, an inflammatory condition of the bone.
Five healthy mini and three Danish Landrace-Yorkshire pigs (inoculated with S. aureus to induce osteomyelitis) underwent static 2-[18F]FDG PET/CT and were analysed to measure bone and bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) glucose metabolism. Analyze was used for image analysis and processing. Bone and bone marrow volumes of interest were segmented in CT images using Hounsfield Unit (HU) > 300 (bone) and HU -200 to 115 (BMAT; Fig1). PET images were used to extract average standard uptake values. Network analysis was performed using Graphia.
Osteomyelitis pigs had a lower bone density and increased BMAT volume compared to healthy controls. There was an increased incorporation of 2-[18F]FDG into the bone and BMAT of osteomyelitis pigs. Similar to what has previously been observed in the mouse3 and human4, there was an increased incorporation of 2-[18F]FDG in the axial skeleton compared to the appendicular skeleton. Network analysis indicated a shift in bone metabolic profiles between healthy and osteomyelitis pigs.
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The utility of PET-CT in baseline and sequential characterisation of Pulmonary Pleomorphic Carcinoma
Authors: Garrahy Darragh , Qian Teh Rui , Byrne Danielle , Beddy Peter
Published: October 2024

Pulmonary Pleomorphic Carcinomas (PPCs) represent a rare and aggressive subtype of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) that can only be definitively diagnosed on a surgical specimen.  This study utilised PET-CT to evaluate radiological characteristics of PPCs.
This study retrospectively evaluated the radiological characteristics of PCCs diagnosed in St James’s Hospital Dublin between 2012-2023.  Computed Tomography (CT) and Positron Emission Tomography (FDG-PET) imaging features (size, location, density, shape, invasion, and growth kinetics) and standard uptake value for each lesion were evaluated.
39 PCCs were identified with a mean age of 66.5 years (range: 49-82 years). FDG-PET was performed in all 39 cases. Tumours demonstrated a high FDG uptake at baseline with a mean (SUV) of 12.6 (range: 1.4 - 36.9). A second interval PET-CT on average 3.3 months after the first in 3 cases demonstrated over 120% increase in SUV. The mean tumour size was 4.3 cm (range: 1.0 - 14.5 cm). Tumours developed rapid interval growth, reaching a mean maximum diameter of 6.6 cm (53.4%) within a mean of 2.1 months. Tumours were predominantly located in the upper lobe (71.8 %) and displayed necrotic features in 53.8 % of cases. 82.1% of tumours invaded the mediastinum.
This study describes the largest cohort of Pulmonary Pleomorphic Carcinoma in the literature.  Tumours demonstrate a high SUV on baseline imaging and demonstrate rapid growth on interval imaging and central necrosis.
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Chemoradiotherapy treatment increases cardiac and aortic [18F]FDG uptake ratios in lung cancer patients
Authors: Khaing Phyo , Newby David , Tavares Adriana
Published: October 2024

[18F]Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) is an indispensable non-invasive imaging tool to aid diagnosis, prognostication, and therapeutic monitoring in oncology, but it can also evaluate cardiovascular inflammation1,2. Previously, cardiac metabolic changes using [18F]FDG with chemoradiotherapy have been explored3 but changes in the rest of the cardiovascular system remain undetermined.
To investigate the cardiovascular metabolic changes pre- and post-chemoradiotherapy in stage 3b non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.
A retrospective analysis of 26 patients (43-82 years) with stage 3b NSCLC from the American College of Radiology Imaging Network (ACRIN 6668) trial was performed3. All available pre- and post-treatment imaging were retrieved from the Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA)4 and regions of interest for the left ventricle and calcified large arteries were contoured on all PET-CT scans using PMOD version 4.0 software. The mean, maximum standard uptake value (SUVmean and SUVmax) and target-to-background ratio (TBR) were quantified on PMOD.
At approximately 14 weeks post-chemoradiotherapy, there was a higher SUVmean (mean difference 0.81, p=0.01) and SUVmax (mean difference 2.20, p=0.006) in the left ventricle compared with pretreatment scans. TBR for aorta was higher post-treatment (mean difference 0.06, p=0.005). However, SUVmean for carotid arteries and right brachiocephalic artery was reduced post-chemoradiotherapy (mean difference 0.15, p=0.008 and mean difference 0.28, p=0.03). A reduction in SUVmax was also seen for aortic arch (mean difference 0.58, p=0.03) and right brachiocephalic artery (mean difference 0.42, p=0.03 and mean difference 0.42, p=0.03).
Cardiovascular glucose metabolism is selectively increased in the left ventricle and aorta post-chemoradiotherapy. Changes in glucose metabolism of atherosclerotic plaques vary across different vessels throughout the body.
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Valvular and Myocardial Fibroblast Activation in Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Craig Neil , McDermott Michael , Geers Jolien , Loganath Krithika , Mahendran Menaka , Clark Laura , White Audrey , Whittington Beth , Barton Anna , Balmforth Craig , Lenell Joel , Williams Michelle , Van Beek Edwin , Dey Damini , Slomka Piotr , Newby David , Dweck Marc
Published: October 2024

Activated fibroblasts drive leaflet thickening and left ventricular decompensation in aortic stenosis. Gallium-68 Fibroblast Activation Protein Inhibitor (68Ga-FAPI) binds to these key effector cells, and provides a readout of fibroblast activation. We aimed to describe the role of activated fibroblasts in patients with aortic stenosis in vivo using 68Ga-FAPI.
In a prospective observational study, patients with aortic stenosis and control subjects underwent echocardiography, 68Ga-FAPI PET, CT, and MRI. Valvular and myocardial 68Ga-FAPI uptake was quantified using maximal standardised uptake values (SUVmax), and target-to-background ratio (TBRmax). Aortic stenosis severity was measured by peak velocity on echocardiography and the CT calcium score. Myocardial fibrosis was quantified by late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) on MRI.
86 patients with aortic valve disease (72±11 years, 68% male) plus 9 matched control subjects (72±9 years, 67%% male) participated. Increased 68Ga-FAPI uptake was observed in the aortic valves of patients with aortic stenosis compared with controls (p<0.001). 68Ga-FAPI TBRmax correlated with peak velocity (r=0.532, p<0.0010) and calcium score (r = 0.577, p<0.001). 54 patients (69%) had myocardial 68Ga-FAPI uptake, of whom 30 (38%) also had LGE corresponding to the region of 68Ga-FAPI uptake. Myocardial 68Ga-FAPI uptake correlated with increased indexed left ventricular mass (r=0.429, p<0.001) and indexed Extracellular Volume (r=0.404, p<0.001).
For the first time, we have described valvular and myocardial fibroblast activation in patients with aortic stenosis in vivo. Valvular fibroblast activation is increased in patients with aortic stenosis, correlating with increased disease severity. Myocardial fibroblast activation is seen in the majority of patients with aortic stenosis in areas with and without established fibrosis, and is associated with adverse left ventricular remodelling. 68Ga-FAPI PET can visualise the key effector cell driving aortic valve disease, and may have a role in monitoring disease modifying treatments, as well as identifying patients at high risk of myocardial decompensation.
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Using total-body PET to investigate relationships between excretory organs time activity curves and the metabolite fraction for [18F]SynVesT-1
Authors: Andrews Bernadette , Clegg Paul S. , Tavares Adriana A. S. , Wimberley Catriona
Published: October 2024

Accurate quantification of dynamic PET data using kinetic modelling requires assessment of the metabolism of the tracer to obtain the quantity of unchanged parent tracer in the blood. Several image derived input functions methods have been demonstrated to be effective for kinetic modelling; however, currently no image derived metabolite correction method exists. Finding an image derived metabolite correction would remove the need for invasive blood sampling.
This study uses 7 full body 18F-SynVesT-1 total body mouse scans. Initially, the time activity curves (TACs) for a range of organs including the liver, kidney and bladder were studied. Factor analysis (FA) was investigated to accurately separate contributions from the kidney – cortex, medulla and collecting duct. Following this, the relationships between each of the organ TACs and the parent plasma fraction (PPf) was investigated.
FA analysis successfully discriminates between contributions from the cortex, medulla and collecting duct of the kidneys. In the context of total body scans, FA removes the need for manual drawing of volumes of interest allowing for more consistency amongst studies. By separating out these regions, a relationship between the kidney medulla and the metabolites also came to light.
In addition, the average of the seven bladder time activity curves against the plasma parent fraction [Figure 1] shows a potential relationship between the excretion of the tracer and its metabolism. Combining excretory organ relationships with the parent fraction and potentially liver data opens the possibility for a model to be produced to fit a metabolite curve when we have access to a total body PET scan.
While this research is in its early stages, it has shown relationships between excretory organ TACs and the metabolite fraction. This has the potential to allow for metabolite correction models to be created directly from the image data. Model architectures are under investigation.
Please click on the 'PDF' for the full abstract!
Quantification of extra-cardiac damage following acute myocardial infarction using cis- and trans-4-[18F]fluoro-L-proline PET imaging
Authors: Jacobs Angus , Reid Victoria J M , Macaskill Mark G , Pandya Kalyani , Alcaide-Coral Carolos , Morgan Timaeus E F , Sutherland Andrew , Tavares Adriana A S
Published: October 2024

The preclinical surgically-induced models of myocardial infarction (MI) have been extensively utilised for studying the wound healing response in the mammalian heart. It is well-established that these invasive procedures induce marked acute systemic inflammation and adverse haemodynamic derangements, which can result in extra-cardiac tissue injury and remodelling; however, the extent of this has not yet been robustly characterised. Here, using a rat permanent coronary artery ligation (PL) model of MI and the cis- and trans-4-[18F]fluoro-l-proline positron emission tomography (PET) probes, targeting active misfolded and triple-helical collagen biosynthesis, respectively, we conducted an exploratory time-course analysis of the associated extra-cardiac tissue remodelling post-injury. Our results showed an increased cis-4-[18F]fluoro-l-proline PET signal in the liver (P = 0.02; two sample t-test) and lung (P = 0.03; two sample t-test) at the acute day 7 timepoint in the MI group compared to the Sham group (n = 3-6), which was not apparent at the later timepoints (days 14, 28, and 84). Ex vivo quantification of the deposited collagen in extra-cardiac tissues using Sirius red histochemical staining and the total hydroxyproline assay validated the apparent time course trends observed with [18F]fluoro-l-proline PET. These findings suggest that the liver and lungs are susceptible to acute injury in the rat PL model of MI and align with numerous clinical reports of extracardiac injury in MI patients. Moreover, our results highlight the suitability of [18F]fluoro-l-proline PET as a systems-based imaging technique  for investigating active collagen biosynthesis across multiple organs.
Comparison of preclinical PET scanners performance with varying axial fields-of-view
Authors: Reti Daniel , Montagne Axel , Jansen Maurits , Major Peter , Tavares Adriana
Published: October 2024

In preclinical Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging, understanding a PET system's performance is crucial for comparing its results with other systems’. In multicentre studies, the performance of the participating systems is essential when planning the experiments [1,2]. In this study, a comprehensive performance evaluation of three PET systems was carried out.
The Mediso PET systems were installed in 2023, 2022, and 2014. The newest system is a three-ring system, with 150 mm axial field-of-view (FOV), while the others are two-ring systems. The reconstruction software has undergone multiple updates over time for each system. Other hardware specifications and the crystal matrix are consistent across the three systems. The NEMA NU-4 2008 assessments [3], and linearity measurements were performed.
The resolution was similar across the three systems, with filtered-back-projection (FBP) and with iterative reconstruction at the centre of the FOV. The absolute sensitivity within the 250-750 keV range was highest in the newest 3-ring system, while it was similar with the other 2-ring scanners. The mouse 250-750 keV NEC peak was considerably higher with the newest system. Image quality results are presented in Figure 1. The linearity of all systems was within acceptable limits in the 0.5-120 MBq range. All results of the newest system are preliminary, before publication.
The greatest differences arose from the extended FOV of the newest system. The impact of software advancements and system ageing is evident in our results, particularly in the image quality phantom.
Although the systems are similar, their performances vary significantly. When designing a study involving these systems, factors such as ageing, software version, and the length of the FOV must be considered.
Please click on the 'PDF' for the full abstract!
Covid-19 Prediction Model Using Data Mining Algorithms
Authors: Shah weli Zahraa Naser
Published: October 2024

From 2019 until today, the whole world is panicking due to the pandemic of the Corona virus or the so-called COVID-19, so it was inevitable to search for a way to predict the disease before it occurs. Disease forecasting requires huge databases, human hands, and high-speed technologies. Due to the rapid spread of this pandemic, scientists have looked at using data mining methods to predict diseases. Predicting and early diagnosis of disease through mining algorithms reduces human errors, saves money and scientists make the most accurate decision. It then shortens the long time needed to detect COVID-19 using available algorithms and tools that rely on data such as lung images or disease symptoms such as temperature, among others. In this research, two data mining algorithms were used to predict COVID-19 that support vector machine (SVM) and naïve bays (NB) using a dataset from the Korea Centers for Disease Control (KCDC). Feature selection was performed using Correlation based Feature Selection (CFS) after previously processed data. Performance measures for the research proved that SVM is best classifier of NB with accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of SVM being 96.72%, 94.08%, and 97.96% respectively. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve also demonstrated better SVM performance than NB for predicting COVID-19.
O IBUPROFENO E A LINHA TÊNUA ENTRE O USO EFICAZ E OS RISCOS À SAÚDE
Authors: Lopes Bianca da Silva , Santos Thamyres Lira dos , Oliveira Talita Brito de , Silva Max Maia da
Published: October 2024

O ibuprofeno pertence a classe dos AINES derivados do ácido propiônico, é considerado o mais seguro e bem tolerado entre os medicamentos da sua classe, mas podemos potencializar sua ação e ainda prevenir efeitos adversos fazendo o uso racional do medicamento, ou seja, usando-o de forma apropriada, na dose certa e por tempo adequado. O grupo farmacológico dos anti-inflamatórios não esteroides, analgésicos e antipiréticos estão entre os que possuem maiores índice de automedicação. Assim, como todos os medicamentos, devemos avaliar seu uso de forma negligenciada e não racional, e ainda indiscriminado, pois pode causar problemas renais, cardiológicos, hemorrágicos e hepáticos. A administração excessiva de ibuprofeno contribui para insuficiência renal, hepática e problemas gastrointestinais. A pesquisa tem como objetivo realizar uma avaliação sobre o índice de automedicação, os riscos á saúde e o papel do farmacêutico na orientação do uso racional de medicamento. Trata-se de estudo de revisão crítica da literatura, com procedimento descritivo e comparativo, utilizando como fonte de dados a bibliografia sobre avaliação do uso negligenciado e racional do ibuprofeno.
A DESPROFISSIONALIZAÇÃO DO TRABALHO DOCENTE NOS ANOS INICIAIS DA REDE PÚBLICA DE ENSINO DO MUNICÍPIO DE ANANINDEUA
Authors: Rodrigues Doriedson do Socorro , Reis Marcelo Rodrigues dos
Published: October 2024

O artigo aborda a relação entre as condições de trabalho e a desprofissionalização do trabalho docente nos anos iniciais da rede pública de Ananindeua. O problema central investigado é como as reformas educacionais a partir dos anos 1990, influenciadas por pressupostos neoliberais, impactaram as condições de trabalho e a profissionalização do trabalho dos docentes que atuam na rede pública de ensino do município de Ananindeua, observados os aspectos da formação e carreira docente. O objetivo foi examinar a configuração da profissionalização docente entre 2015 e 2019, com foco na formação e carreira dos professores dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental da rede pública do município de Ananindeua. A metodologia utilizada foi qualitativa, com base em entrevistas realizadas com seis professores das séries iniciais, em duas escolas do município. A pesquisa adota uma abordagem histórico-dialética, explorando as contradições nas políticas educacionais e suas repercussões no trabalho docente. A conclusão revela que, apesar de avanços na formação superior dos docentes, ainda há uma significativa proporção de professores sem licenciatura ou com contratos temporários, refletindo na desprofissionalização e precarização do trabalho docente. A instabilidade dos vínculos empregatícios e a falta de incentivos para a formação continuada, especialmente em níveis de pós-graduação, são apontadas como fatores que comprometem a qualidade do ensino e a valorização da carreira docente. O estudo critica a ausência de políticas efetivas de valorização dos profissionais da educação, destacando a necessidade de maior estabilidade e melhores condições de trabalho para a melhoria da qualidade educacional.
EXPLORAÇÃO DE PETRÓLEO NA BACIA FOZ DO AMAZONAS: IMPACTOS SOCIOECONÔMICOS E CONSIDERAÇÕES AMBIENTAIS
Authors: Chelala Charles Achcar , Chelala Cláudia Maria do Socorro Cruz Fernandes
Published: October 2024

A exploração do petróleo na Bacia Foz do Amazonas representa importância estratégica para a soberania energética brasileira, além de possuir um significativo potencial para transformar a economia do Estado do Amapá, que depende fortemente dos recursos do orçamento público e enfrenta importantes desafios para diversificar sua matriz econômica. A Margem Equatorial, na qual a Bacia Foz do Amazonas está inserida, surge como uma oportunidade para reverter o quadro de declínio das reservas do pré-sal. A produção de petróleo na região poderá garantir a autossuficiência energética do Brasil, gerar receitas expressivas e criar empregos, impulsionando o desenvolvimento social e econômico do Estado do Amapá. Contudo, o processo de transição para fontes de energia renováveis ​​e os impasses no processo de licenciamento ambiental para as pesquisas na Bacia Foz do Amazonas têm gerado um contexto de controvérsias e polêmicas. O parecer técnico do IBAMA, que indeferiu a licença para a Avaliação Pré-Operacional (APO) do poço FZA-M-59, revela posturas que excedem as atribuições legais do órgão, expondo visões ideológicas que comprometem a imparcialidade necessária ao processo de licenciamento. Este estudo se propõe a analisar os impactos socioeconômicos potenciais da exploração de petróleo na região, assim como os impasses decorrentes das contendas ambientais. Para que o Amapá possa colher os frutos dessa exploração, é necessário adotar medidas que mitiguem os impactos sociais de empreendimentos dessa magnitude, priorizando a busca por alternativas que promovam o desenvolvimento e a expansão de sua limitada economia.
ESTUDO DOS TIPOS DE REFORÇOS PARA COMPÓSITOS CIMENTICIOS
Authors: Netto Mizael Borges Campos , Santos Gustavo Soares , Matos Antônio Claret de , Mendes Lourival Marin , Clemente Guilherme Augusto Bertelli Fernandes , Marotta Luiza Ignez Mollica , Lima Gilberto de Miranda
Published: October 2024

O tema desta pesquisa é sobre os reforços para compósitos cimentícios. O objetivo é realizar uma revisão dos tipos de reforços disponíveis e compará-los. Esses reforços, que incluem materiais de alta resistência mecânica, são incorporados aos compósitos cimentícios para reduzir o impacto ambiental associado à produção de cimento Portland. Este é um tema relevante, uma vez que o concreto é o material de construção mais utilizado na construção civil. A introdução de materiais orgânicos e alternativos pode diminuir o impacto ambiental, além de melhorar a rigidez, densidade, tenacidade e resistência mecânica do concreto. Para alcançar o objetivo proposto, foi adotada a metodologia de revisão bibliográfica, que permite utilizar materiais já publicados sobre o tema como base teórica. Os resultados mostram uma variedade de reforços disponíveis para compósitos cimentícios, cada um com suas próprias vantagens e limitações. Os materiais de reforço podem influenciar significativamente as propriedades mecânicas, a durabilidade e a resistência à fissuração dos compósitos. Conclui-se que a escolha adequada do tipo de reforço é crucial para garantir o desempenho desejado dos compósitos cimentícios em diferentes aplicações. Além disso, foram identificadas oportunidades para pesquisas futuras com o objetivo de aprimorar ainda mais as propriedades desses materiais.
A EDUCAÇÃO E A CRÍTICA SOCIAL NA LITERATURA MEDIEVAL: UMA ANÁLISE DE O ROMANCE DA ROSA
Authors: Batista Viviane da Silva , Perin Conceição Solange Bution , Iwasse Lilian Fávaro Alegrâncio , Zanin Aline Gonçalves de Castro
Published: October 2024

O objetivo deste artigo é demonstrar como a literatura clássica pode ser utilizada para compreender e ensinar as transformações sociais, culturais e religiosas dos séculos XIII e XIV, por exemplo. Para isso, este estudo analisa questões educacionais presentes na obra medieval O Romance da Rosa, de Guillaume de Lorris (1220-1240?) e Jean de Meun (1240-1305), enfatizando a importância da valorização dos clássicos literários como instrumentos fundamentais à formação crítica. Assim, busca-se demonstrar como a Literatura pode transcender a função estética, tornando-se um recurso pedagógico que permite ao leitor contemporâneo refletir sobre temas universais. Fundamentada em autores como Huizinga (1985), Marc Bloch (2001) e Le Goff (2007), a pesquisa adota abordagem bibliográfica, considerando a perspectiva da História Social e de Longa Duração. Os resultados evidenciam que O Romance da Rosa exemplifica como os intelectuais medievais utilizaram a Literatura para orientar o comportamento social, abordando aspectos como os pecados capitais, a moralidade e a formação humana. A obra analisada se estabelece como possibilidade pedagógica para contextualizar as complexas relações socioculturais que precedem nosso modo atual de viver, além de fomentar uma reflexão crítica sobre o papel dos clássicos no desenvolvimento de uma educação interdisciplinar e formativa.
SIMULATION OF FUZZY LOGIC CONTROLLER AS DIRECTION ADJUSTMENT FOR LINE FOLLOWING ROBOT
Authors: Diva Imelda Putri
Published: October 2024

Line Follower is a robot that follows a line, and in it there is an Integrated Circuit that contains programming to run it. In this experiment, the line follower using fuzzy logic control provides another alternative in the control system.  In fuzzy logic control, there is no need for a mathematical model of the system because fuzzy logic control works based on rules. The designed control is a one input, two output system and uses the Mamdani system as an inference mechanism. The output error in the program will increase when the robot turns to follow the trajectory, the error can occur due to the calculation of the membership function input and rules as a determinant of robot action when detecting the trajectory in front of it. Therefore, in this line follower experiment, the rule will be a reference in processing the input value of the distance and speed of the right and left motors, the rule also determines the direction of the robot using the help of a camera sensor.
ENERGY AUTOMATION SUPPORTS ENERGY CONSUMPTION INTENSITY IN CLASSROOMS
Authors: Kartika Kartika , Harahap Husni Fadillah , Asran Asran , Jannah Misbahul , Misriana Misriana , Suryati Suryati
Published: October 2024

Automation of energy use to control energy consumption intensity (IKE) in classrooms is carried out using an Arduino Nano-based system. This system utilizes an IR transmitter to send signals to the air conditioning unit, a servo motor to position the IR transmitter to the appropriate air conditioning unit, a relay to control the lights, and a Real-Time Clock (RTC) module for scheduling based on a specified schedule. The main goal is to prevent energy waste and ensure comfort by turning on and off the air conditioning unit and lights according to a preset schedule. This automatic scheduling includes time setting, transmitter IR control, servo motor, relay control, and LCD. Programmed scheduling ensures that the air conditioner and lights only turn on when needed, while the LCD provides real-time information about the status of the air conditioner and lights. With this automation, the system helps reduce excessive energy consumption, drives significant energy savings, and creates a comfortable and energy-efficient learning environment. The automatic monitoring and regulation system also allows users to focus more on teaching and learning activities without having to worry about manual settings for air conditioning and lights.
SISTEM KONTROL OTOMATIS SUHU DAN KELEMBABAN CHILLER BOX DENGAN TERMOELEKTRIK
Authors: Nugraha Gede Raka , Wiryajati I Ketut , Wiryajati I Ketut , Citarsa Ida Bagus Fery , Citarsa Ida Bagus Fery
Published: October 2024

Pendingin merupakan salah satu kebutuhan penting untuk menyimpan makanan, minuman, sayuran, buah-buahan, daging, dan lain-lain. Sistem pendingin yang umum digunakan saat ini memakai refrigeran atau freon/CFC (Chlorofluorocarbon) yang kurang ramah lingkungan dan mahal. Untuk menyediakan pendingin yang murah dan ramah lingkungan, diperlukan alternatif. Salah satu alternatif yang kini banyak digunakan adalah termoelektrik. Sumber daya untuk sistem ini berasal dari adaptor dengan tegangan keluaran 12V – 36V DC6A. Modul Peltier adalah perangkat termoelektrik yang dilapisi oleh keramik tipis. Saat diberi tegangan suplai DC 12V-15V dan arus 2-5A, ruang pendingin terbuat dari Styrofoam dan menggunakan kipas heat sink. Variasi dilakukan pada jumlah modul termoelektrik yang digunakan. Data diambil dengan memasang DHT11 dan modul sensor suhu di posisi tertentu, lalu DHT11 akan menampilkan data pada LCD 16x2 I2C. Data tersebut kemudian diolah menggunakan program Microsoft Excel untuk menghasilkan grafik. Dengan grafik ini, kesimpulan dapat dilakukan dengan lebih mudahA cooler is one of the essential needs for storing food, drinks, vegetables, fruits, meat, and so on. The commonly used refrigeration systems today use refrigerants or freon/CFC (Chlorofluorocarbon), which are less environmentally friendly and expensive. To provide an affordable and environmentally friendly cooler, an alternative is needed. One widely used alternative is thermoelectric. The power source for this system comes from an adapter with an output voltage of 12V – 36V DC6A. The Peltier module is a thermoelectric device coated with thin ceramic. When supplied with a DC voltage of 12V-15V and a current of 2-5A, the cooling chamber is made of Styrofoam and uses a heat sink fan. Variations are made in the number of thermoelectric modules used. Data is collected by installing DHT11 and temperature sensor modules in specific positions, then the DHT11 displays the data on an LCD 16x2 I2C. The data is then processed using Microsoft Excel to generate graphs. With these graphs, conclusions can be drawn more easily.
APLIKASI PENCATATAN STOK BAHAN PRODUKSI PADA GUDANG COKLAT BERBASIS WEB ( STUDI KASUS PT. PESONA AGRI KHATULISTIWA)
Authors: Priyanto Setiawan Beni , Alfianti Henny
Published: October 2024

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan aplikasi berbasis web untuk pencatatan stok bahan produksi di PT. Pesona Agri Khatulistiwa, yang sebelumnya menggunakan sistem manual. Sistem manual menyebabkan keterlambatan dan potensi kesalahan dalam pengelolaan persediaan bahan baku, yang berisiko merugikan perusahaan. Aplikasi yang dikembangkan tidak hanya mencakup fungsi CRUD, tetapi juga terintegrasi dengan WhatsApp untuk mempermudah pelaporan dan komunikasi. Metodologi penelitian meliputi perancangan sistem menggunakan use case diagram dan Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD), serta pengujian User Acceptance Test (UAT) untuk menilai kinerja aplikasi. Pengujian melibatkan 20 responden, menghasilkan rata-rata persentase kepuasan sebesar 89,89%, menandakan penerimaan yang sangat baik oleh pengguna. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi web yang dikembangkan meningkatkan efisiensi dan akurasi pengelolaan persediaan, serta menyediakan solusi efektif untuk masalah yang dihadapi perusahaan dalam pengelolaan stok bahan produksi. Abstract. This study aims to develop a web-based application for inventory tracking of production materials at PT. Pesona Agri Khatulistiwa, which previously used a manual system. The manual system caused delays and potential errors in inventory management, risking company losses. The developed application not only includes CRUD functions but also integrates with WhatsApp to facilitate reporting and communication. The research methodology involved system design using use case diagrams and Entity Relationship Diagrams (ERD), as well as User Acceptance Testing (UAT) to evaluate the application's performance. Testing involved 20 respondents, resulting in an average satisfaction percentage of 89.89%, indicating very high user acceptance. The study concludes that the developed web application improves efficiency and accuracy in inventory management and provides an effective solution to the company's inventory tracking issues.