bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the Frequency of Gastrointestinal Bleeding Complications Resulting from the use of Ketorolac after Gastrointestinal Cancer Surgery with or without Gastric Ulcer Prophylaxis - A Case Control Study
Authors: Kouchek Mehran , Zarei Sadegh , Hosseiniara Reza , Miri MirMohammad
Published: September 2023

Background:

Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding after GI cancer surgery is not very common, but the use of NSAIDs such as Ketorolac can aggravate it, and if not controlled properly, it may be life-threatening. Therefore, an NSAID/PPI combination (ketorolac and Pantoprazole) that reduces the adverse effect of ketorolac on GI bleeding can be very important.

Aim:

The aim of this observational study is to compare the frequency of GI bleeding complications resulting from the use of Ketorolac after GI cancer surgery with or without gastric ulcer prophylaxis (Pantoprazole).

Methods:

In this retrospective case-control study, the medical files of adult patients aged 18-60 years undergoing GI cancer surgery referred to 3 hospitals in Iran in 2022 were reviewed. The case group consisted of patients who received ketorolac (30 mg every 8 hours, intravenously) with preventive Pantoprazole (40 mg daily). The control group consisted of patients who only received ketorolac (30 mg every 8 hours, intravenously). Patients were matched in groups based on demographic and clinical variables. Outcomes, including GI bleeding (melena, ...), length of hospital and ICU stay, receiving packed cells, intubation, hematocrit and hemoglobin, were compared between the groups.

Results:

Two groups were matched in terms of age, gender, comorbidities, type of surgery, duration of surgery (hours), and surgical bleeding (ml) (P>0.05). Examination of clinical outcomes showed that GI bleeding complications were not significantly different in the two groups. Although in the case group that received ketorolac and Pantoprazole combination, GI bleeding complications were reported in a smaller number of people. The hospital stay (days) was significantly lower in the case group than in the control group. The ICU stay (hours), packed cells, intubation, hematocrit, and hemoglobin were not significantly different between the two groups.

Conclusion:

The findings of the current study showed that the administration of Pantoprazole plus ketorolac might be effective in controlling bleeding in GI cancer surgery patients, which, of course, requires detailed and multicenter interventional studies.
The Molecular Structural Analysis of Biologically Important Catechol
Molecule: An Integrative Perspective from Experiments and Futuristic
Tools
Authors: Mir M. Amin , Andrews Kim , Ashraf M. Waqar , Kumar Anuj , Kumar Dharmendra , Bisht Anita , Chauhan Reeta , Prakash Shailendra
Published: September 2023

Background:

Catechol is a phenolic molecule found naturally in plants. It is also known as pyrogallic acid or 1, 2-dihydroxybenzene. Catechol is currently produced commercially by decarboxylating gallic acid at high temperatures and pressures.

Aims and Objectives:

This research aimed to understand the biological importance of catechol and perform molecular structural analysis on catechol molecules.

Methods:

Catechol (1, 2, dihydroxy benzene) was studied via computational analysis by employing the use of DFT and B3LYP methods. Hirshfeld analysis was carried out to investigate crystal intermolecular interactions, and the NBO study was performed to study chemical donating and accepting interactions. Moreover, the computational study was performed using FTIR, HNMR and other instrumentation like AIM theory for circular dichroism data.

Results:

Furthermore, the surface iso-projection study and binding energy results did prove to run in alignment with experimentally obtained values from the computational studies. Fukui functional study and molecular electrostatic potential were utilized in the study to investigate interactions between anionic and cationic sites of catechol. In addition, molecular dynamic simulations revealed that biomolecular stability was also present. Thus, the antibiotic efficacy of catechol displayed chemical oxidative interactions that exhibited close chemical correlations with ascorbic acid, ellagic acid, and gallic acid.

Conclusion:

The catechol has been examined experimentally and theoretically. The results were compared with catechol spectra, including IR and UV-visible spectra generated through computer analysis. The experimentally observed spectra were found to be in parallel with theoretical data. According to drug-likeness investigations, the following compounds, gallic acid, ellagic acid, and ascorbic acid, were found to be closely related to catechol as an antibiotic. Hence, it can be concluded that catechol, whether in its entirety or in a portion, is a potent antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-malarial drug.
Regulatory Affairs in Herbal Products
Authors: Jha Megha , Rani Dolly , Chahal Kavita
Published: September 2023

Various parameters/guidelines regulating the safety and efficacy of herbal
pharmaceuticals, as well as their manufacturing and distribution, have been strongly
implemented by regulatory bodies. To understand the pre-marketing requirements, the
legislative status of herbal drugs/products was analyzed in this chapter for various
countries in Southeast Asia, Africa, America, Europe, and Austria. Apart from the
challenges of herb availability and conservation, it has been shown that there is a lack
of harmony in the regulatory requirements for herbal products across the world. A
critical evaluation was performed in order to detect the obstacles in the harmonization
of herbal products. The worldwide trade and development of herbal products are being
hampered by these issues. The herbal drug industry is inadequately regulated in most
countries, and herbal medicines are often neither registered nor controlled. Quality
compliance and assurance of the safety and efficacy of the marketed herbal drugs are
major issues faced by developing as well as developed countries across the globe. The
problem arises when herbal medication is utilized without legitimate permission, or in
huge dosages, or in combination with other drugs for a longer period, or without
discussion with a doctor, and produced properly. Taking these factors into account, the
World Health Organization's International Drug Monitoring Program (WHO) has
published standards for herbal assessment and quality control testing in order to
improve the safety and efficacy of herbal-based therapeutics. This chapter covers the
importance of regulatory affairs to be used in the processing of herbs and herbal
products, and a comparative study of regulatory situations in different countries
ANALISIS PENGARUH VARIASI WAKTU PERLAKUAN ALKALI TERHADAP KEKUATAN IMPACT KOMPOSIT POLYESTER YANG DIPERKUAT SERAT BAMBU
Authors: Dantes Kadek Rihendra , Nugraha I Nyoman Pasek , Elisa Edi , Yudistira I Putu Heri
Published: September 2023

This study aimed to determine the effect of alkali treatment on the impact strength and fracture pattern of bamboo fiber reinforced polyester composites. This composite consisted of polyester resin as a matrix and bamboo fiber as a filler or reinforcement. The alkaline treatment time used was 5% NaOH from 1 hour to 4 hours and to determine the microscopic image of the fracture pattern of the impact test specimen. This study used an experimental method with the dependent variable being the impact strength and microscopic images of the fracture pattern, and the independent variable was the alkali treatment time 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours and 4 hours. Specimens were printed using the hand lay-up method. The impact strength was known by performing consecutive tests based on ASTM D 6110-04. Based on the results of the impact test, it showed that the impact strength increased until the alkaline treatment 2 hours ago and decreased at 3 hours, and 4 hours. The highest impact strength was shown in the alkaline treatment of bamboo fiber rope 2 hours with an impact strength value of 1373.89 J/M2. The examination of the microscopic image of the fracture pattern obtained the best fracture in 2 hours alkali treatment with a brittle fracture mechanism.
EFFECT OF A SCALED CANTILEVER BEAM ON NATURAL FREQUENCY
Authors: Malta Jhon , Gunawan Arif , Son Lovely
Published: September 2023

This paper deals with the scaling factor's effect on the cantilever beam's natural frequency. Scaling a prototype dimension will make it easier to manufacture and test the dynamic characteristics of structures with enormous sizes. Natural frequency is one of the essential parameters of the vibration characteristics of the system. The phenomenon that often occurs in vibrating structures is the resonance phenomenon. Resonance is a system state in which an abnormally large vibration is generated in response to an external stimulus, happening when the frequency of the disturbance is equal to, or nearly identical to, the natural frequency of the system. This research investigates the scale factor on natural frequency using the analytical method using Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, the MSC Nastran/Patran software, and experimental testing using an impact hammer on a cantilever beam. The three methods were applied to beams with four scaling variations: 1:1, 1:2.04, 1:2.85, and 1:3.48. Based on the results, the natural frequencies increase by the size scale reduction value in the modeling. The natural frequency value in the actual structure has a value equivalent to 1/S of the natural frequency value of the scale, whereas S is defined as the downgrade scale value. This result follows the Similitude theory.
KAJIAN EKSPERIMENTAL PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN ELECTRONIC CONTROL UNIT AFTERMARKET PADA DAYA, TORSI, EMISI DAN KONSUMSI BAHAN BAKAR SEPEDA MOTOR 150CC
Authors: Soewono Arka Dwinanda , Darmawan Marten , Halim Josep
Published: September 2023

To improve motorbike performance, simple modifications are often applied using an aftermarket Electronic Control Unit (ECU). However, scientific studies on this particular topic are still limited. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to examine the effect of the aftermarket Juken 5 ECU on the power, torque, emissions, and fuel consumption of the Yamaha R15-V3 bike. The results of the dynamometer testing showed that the motorcycle with the Juken 5 ECU experienced an average increase of 8.09 ± 1.30% in power and 7.79 ± 1.31% in torque, respectively, at 5500 – 11000 rpm. However, the concentrations of Carbon Monoxide and Hydrocarbon emissions also increased by 170% and 360%, respectively. Particulate emission measurements also revealed that the Juken 5 ECU usage resulted in a significant increase in particulate counts. Compared to the standard ECU, motorcycles equipped with the Juken 5 ECU produced 89% and 145% more particulates in the size range of 0.3 – 0.374 μm and 0.374 – 2.685 μm, respectively. The performance and emission data analysis results indicated that the increase in power and torque achieved by the Juken 5 ECU is simply due to more fuel being injected into the combustion chamber.  This finding was supported by the results of fuel consumption testing, where using the aftermarket ECU increased motorcycle fuel consumption by 63.6%.
ANALISIS SIFAT MEKANIK KOMPOSIT SANDWICH SERAT KARBON TWILL 3K/DIVINYCELL FOAM DENGAN VARIASI METODE FABRIKASI
Authors: Aini Kamila Nurul , Tjahjono Arif , Muzayadah Nurul Lailatul , Nugroho Afid , Nurtiasto Taufiq Satrio
Published: September 2023

Sandiwch composite  is a type of structural composite material composed of a strong facesheet and a low-density core material. Sandwich composites have a high mechanical properties with their lightweight structure, so this material can be applied to aircraft structures. This study aims to determine the mechanical properties of carbon fiber sandwich composite twill 3K/divinycelll foam with various fabrication methods. The fabrication methods used vacuum bagging methods, and vacuum assisted resin infusion method. Mechanical tests conducted are flatwise compressive with ASTM C364 standard, edgewise compressive with ASTM C365 standard, flexural three point bending with ASTM C393 standard, and tensile strength with ASTM D3039 standard. In addition, scanning electron microscope test were also conducted to determine the morphology of the surface of the material and the bond between the fiber and the matrix. The results were obtained that vacuum asssisted resin infusion method has the most optimum mechanical with a high value in each test, such as the result of flexural three point bending of 47,51 MPa is better when  compared with the result of vacuum bagging method of 18,70 MPa. Scanning electron microscope test results also showed that the vacuum assisted resin infusion method has the best morphology with perfect  bond between matrix and fiber. So that it can be concluded that the most optimal mechanical properties  of sandwich composites are produced by vacuum asssisted resin infusion method.
PENGARUH PAHAT ENDMILL NORMAL DAN VARIABEL HELIX ANGLE PADA METODE POCKET ZIG-ZAG TERHADAP CHATTER
Authors: Abriandika Venusa , Sonief Achmad As’ad , Irawan Yudy Surya
Published: September 2023

The manufacturing industry mostly uses CNC Milling machines in processing products that require high precision values. This machine is capable of a wide variety of feeding methods, inclinations, feed speeds, various tool styles, and much more. The purpose of this research is to analyze one method of infeed direction with the Zig-Zag effect by using 2 types of normal and variable tool types combined with variations in spindle speed and DOC to find out which variable is effective and produce a smoother comparison of surface roughness values. The type of material tested was SS 304 because this material has good advantages against corrosion. From the results of research conducted on this material for the use of a variable tool, it has an average roughness value of 0.327 µm and for the results of the roughness test on the use of a normal tool, it has an average roughness value of 0.470 µm. From the results of this research, it can be concluded that the value of the Depth Of Cut (DOC), the roughness value are directly proportional, and the faster the spindle rotation, the frictional force generated also increases. The highest Ra value from the research results occurred in DOC 1.6 mm with a spindle speed of 2750 rpm using a variable tool of 0.361 µm and a roughness value of 0.516 µm on a normal tool. The conclusion of this research is that the variable tool produces a lower Ra value than the normal tool so that the type of material defects caused by chatter vibration can be reduced.
PERANCANGAN ROBOT BERODA DENGAN SISTEM KENDALI BERBASIS IOT DAN GUI MENGGUNAKAN SMARTPHONE ANDROID
Authors: Al-Janan Dony Hidayat , Muhammad Gangsar Fadhil
Published: September 2023

A Wheeled Mobile Robot (WMR) is a robot that is often used for transporting a good in the industry. This study was conducted to integrate WMR with the Internet of Things (IoT) to control robots remotely, whereas wheeled robots with a DC motor driving power. Graphical User Interface (GUI) is applied for controlling this device via an Android smartphone. As a result; the robot can be driven via GUI commands with a forward speed = 0.535 m/s; reverse speed = 0.4 m/s; right-hand rotation speed = 25.2 rpm; left-hand rotation speed = 23.4 rpm. These robot performances are strongly influenced by the design, construction of the robot, the load received by the driving motor, and the capacity of the driving motor.
FAMILIA RUTACEAE
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ramos Álvarez Clara Hilda
Published: September 2023

Familia con ca. de 154 géneros y 2100 especies (Kubitzki et al., 2011). En México se encuentran 19 géneros, en la región de estudio se registran 10 géneros y 17 especies. Además de las especies introducidas y cultivadas, entre las más comunes Ruta L., Murraya J. Koenig y Citrus L.
Older Veterans’ Experiences of a Multicomponent Telehealth Program: Qualitative Program Evaluation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Rauzi Michelle R , Mealer Meredith L , Abbate Lauren M , Stevens-Lapsley Jennifer E , Nearing Kathryn A
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND

There are 8.8 million American veterans aged >65 years. Older veterans often have multiple health conditions that increase their risk of social isolation and loneliness, disability, adverse health events (eg, hospitalization and death), mental illness, and heavy health care use. This population also exhibits low levels of physical function and daily physical activity, which are factors that can negatively influence health. Importantly, these are modifiable risk factors that are amenable to physical therapy intervention. We used a working model based on the dynamic biopsychosocial framework and social cognitive theory to conceptualize the multifactorial needs of older veterans with multiple health conditions and develop a novel, 4-component telehealth program to address their complex needs.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to describe veterans’ experiences of a multicomponent telehealth program and identify opportunities for quality and process improvement. We conducted qualitative interviews with telehealth program participants to collect their feedback on this novel program; explore their experience of program components; and document perceived outcomes and the impact on their daily life, relationships, and quality of life.

METHODS

As part of a multimethod program evaluation, semistructured interviews were conducted with key informants who completed ≥8 weeks of the 12-week multicomponent telehealth program for veterans aged ≥50 years with at least 3 medical comorbidities. Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed. Data were analyzed by a team of 2 coders using a directed content analysis approach and Dedoose software was used to assist with data analysis.

RESULTS

Of the 21 individuals enrolled in the program, 15 (71%) met the inclusion criteria for interviews. All 15 individuals completed 1-hour interviews. A total of 6 main conceptual domains were identified: technology, social networks, therapeutic relationship, patient attributes, access, and feasibility. Themes associated with each domain detail participant experiences of the telehealth program. Key informants also provided feedback related to different components of the program, leading to adaptations for the biobehavioral intervention, group sessions (transition from individual to group sessions and group session dynamics), and technology supports.

CONCLUSIONS

Findings from this program evaluation identified quality and process improvements, which were made before rigorously testing the intervention in a larger population through a randomized controlled trial. The findings may inform adaptations of similar programs in different contexts. Further research is needed to develop a deeper understanding of how program components influence social health and longer-term behavior change.

CLINICALTRIAL
Literary Reception of Kalidas in Mohan Rakesh’s ‘Ashadh Ka Ek Din’
Authors: Agarwal Mayank
Published: September 2023

The paper uses Hans Robert Jauss’ reception theory to trace the literary relation between Kalidas’ Abhijnanashakuntalam with Mohan Rakesh’s Ashadh Ka Ek Din. It analyses the reception of Kalidas’ works and legacy in Rakesh’s play and draws out the implications of this literary reception. It points to the rewriting of the common trope of love, remembrance and forgetting by Rakesh that subtends artistic creation itself. This rewriting amounts to a critical reading of Kalidas by Mohan Rakesh and underscores his own views on modernity and tradition. The paper shows that his approach transcends the binary—that either reveres tradition or rejects it— instead, proposing a critical rereading of tradition that makes it productive and alive again. Through tracing the diachronic and synchronic reception, the paper draws out the aesthetic experience of Mohan Rakesh’s play by situating it in the horizon of expectations of its time and its historical relevance.
ВАРИАНТЫ ВНЕДРЕНИЯ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ PoLAN В ДЕЙСТВУЮЩИЕ СКС
Authors: Семенов А.Б.
Published: September 2023

Показана возможность модернизации стандартной офисной информационно-
телекоммуникационной системы путем построения в ней сети PoLAN за счет
наложения ее аппаратуры на существующую структурированную кабельную
систему. Рассмотрены варианты выполнения этой процедуры и особенности
их реализации. Продемонстрирована возможность решения задачи при
минимальном объеме строительно-монтажных работ.
МЫ ПЛАНИРУЕМ ВЫЙТИ НА ПРОИЗВОДСТВО миллиона изделий в год
Authors: Степанов Е.В.
Published: September 2023

Компания "АйСиЭл Техно" (торговая марка ICL) со штаб-квартирой в пригороде Казани стабильно входит в топ-3 российских производителей вычислительной техники и продолжает активно развиваться. В преддверии важного для всей российской отрасли радио­электроники события − открытия на территории ОЭЗ "Иннополис" в Республике Татарстан новых производственных мощностей компании − корреспондент журнала "ПЕРВАЯ МИЛЯ" побеседовал с генеральным директором АО "АйСиЭл-КПО ВС", генеральным директором ООО "АйСиЭл Техно" Евгением Витальевичем Степановым.
Discurso del Tercer Informe de Actividades 2022-2023
Authors: Contreras Bustamante Raúl
Published: September 2023

Discurso del Tercer Informe de Actividades 2022-2023 que muestra los logros en distintos rubros en el periodo señalado.
Ley Nº 2268 del 3 de agosto de 2022 de Colombia: un análisis desde las Directrices voluntarias sobre pesca artesanal de la FAO
Authors: Pochet Ballester Germán Ignacio
Published: September 2023

El artículo se centra en el análisis de la Ley Nº 2268, aprobada en Colombia el 3 de agosto de 2022, que tiene como objetivo proporcionar beneficios sociales focalizados a los pescadores artesanales, tanto comerciales como de subsistencia. Este sector ha sido uno de los más marginados y empobrecidos en Latinoamérica, en gran parte debido a la competencia desleal de otros sectores pesqueros y a la falta de interés político en ofrecer soluciones efectivas.
Política criminal tributaria en México. Inconstitucionalidad de la reforma penal-fiscal del 2019
Authors: Olmedo Castillo Javier Eliott
Published: September 2023

El artículo examina la política criminal de México en relación con la defraudación fiscal y otros delitos tributarios, centrándose en la reforma penal-fiscal de 2019. Se abordan los límites constitucionales de esta política y se destaca el pronunciamiento de la Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación en 2021, que determinó la inconstitucionalidad de ciertas modificaciones de dicha reforma. La investigación proporciona una visión crítica y detallada de las respuestas legales a los delitos fiscales en el contexto mexicano.
Aspectos problemáticos de la acumulación de la cláusula penal con otras figuras del derecho privado: Análisis legislativo, doctrinal y jurisprudencial del caso colombiano
Authors: Berbessi Fernández Diego Alexander
Published: September 2023

El artículo se centra en la cláusula penal, un elemento común en las relaciones contractuales a nivel global. Esta figura, con una naturaleza única, permite a las partes estructurar su relación contractual según sus necesidades y objetivos. El estudio comienza analizando cómo se concibe y se aplica la cláusula penal en el ordenamiento jurídico colombiano. Posteriormente, se abordan los aspectos más controvertidos y debatidos relacionados con esta cláusula, buscando ofrecer una comprensión más profunda y propuestas de mejora para su aplicación.
Assembly of Portable Spot-Welding Machine
Authors: Saini Anuj , Rehalia Vibhuti
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Resistance spot welding is required to connect the thin metal sheets by heat in automobile and aircraft industries. Shaped copper and zinc alloy (brass) electrodes apply pressure to hold the workpieces together and focus the welding current into a dense area. Spot welding machine occupies a wide area with lots of electricity and is very heavy to transport. In this work, we have tried to overcome the structured problems by replacing portable structures. The newly established tool is easier to use, lightweight, more portable, economical, compact, and versatile. It can weld at any angle and be easily operated by even unskilled laborers with the necessary proficiency and precision. The first step in making a portable spot-welding machine is to construct its basic circuit, which consists of a tiny transformer with an output voltage range of 0 to 12 volts, 35mmsq wire, and a power switch. The second step is to construct the structure of the machine and arm mechanism.
Phytochemical Studies and GC-MS Analysis of Tinospora Formanii Leaf Extracts
Authors: Suresh B , Shabana S , Prasad M Satya , Darukamallia M. R. , Satya A. Krishna
Published: September 2023

Abstract: The present study deals with the phytochemical aspects of Tinospora formanii. Crude leaf extracts were prepared with different solvents such as hexane, chloroform, methanol, and water using a Soxhlet apparatus. Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical studies and GC-MS analysis of leaf extracts have been carried out. Phytochemical studies showed that methanol leaf extract showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, sterols, phytosterols, terpenoids, Tannins, saponins, glycosides, carbohydrates Anthraquinones, coumarins, Amino acids. Quantitative estimation showed that the methanol leaf extract exhibited a high flavonoid (74.25±0.885), phenol (57.22±0.135), and alkaloid (49.11±0.356) content. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis identified compounds such as 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl alcohol, Humulen-[V1], Tridecene, Flavone, 9-hexadecenoic acid, Heptadecanoic acid, 1-Tricosene. The recorded phytocompounds are identified as bioactive constituents. The isolation of these bioactive compounds from T. formanii methanol leaf extract and their further studies in vivo animal models may lead to the development of new drugs.
A Parametric Study on Fibre Reinforced Concrete
Authors: Bhattacharjee Utsab , Das Pritam , Rahaman Masudur , Mondal Satyajit , Chatterjee Arnab
Published: September 2023

Abstract: The investigation is focused to study the effect of various types of fibres on compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength of High strength concrete. The water to cementitious material ratio considered for the study of High strength concrete was 0.25. The content of silica fume and fly ash in every mix was 5% and 10% by the weight of cementitious material. Two types of fibres considered for the study include, Polypropylene Fibres (PF) and Flat Steel Fibres (FSF). Dosage of fibre was varied from 0.5% to 4% at an interval of 0.5% by weight of cementitious material. Type of cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, type of Superplasticizer and its dosage are kept constant in every mix. The use of High Strength Concrete (HSC) is increased now a days. It is observed that HSC relatively brittle material. Fibres are added to improve its ductility. Experimental study is carried out to assess mechanical properties of high strength concrete (HSC) of grade M70.
ELIMINATION OF CRACKS IN METAL PARTS
Authors: Kostyukov A. Yu. , Aulov V. F. , Evsyukov A. A.
Published: September 2023

One of the most versatile and effective methods of restoring parts is the method of electric spark processing. On the basis of this method, a technological process was developed that allows to obtain a thick-layer coating of increased continuity. The use of electric spark processing in the restoration of parts is an urgent task of eliminating cracks in metal parts of machines. (Research purpose) The research purpose is eliminating cracks in metal parts of machines by the electric spark processing to obtain sealed coatings. (Materials and methods) BRKMTS3-1 bronze was chosen as the main electrodes, M1 copper was chosen for the reflow electrode for experimental work to eliminate cracks by electric spark treatment. It was determined that the process of eliminating cracks took place in several cycles. (Results and discussion) Experiments have shown that, using only the reception of a thick-layer electric spark coating, it is possible to close a crack up to 1.5 millimeters wide inclusive, but it is practically impossible to obtain a sealed coating. It was established as a result of studies of the effect of surface plastic treatment that the average microhardness of the coating, untreated by the method of surface plastic deformation, was 250 according to Vickers. The maximum microhardness of the sample treated by the method of surface plastic deformation at a depth of 0.05 millimeters was more than 500 Vickers. (Conclusions) The experiments carried out to eliminate cracks have shown that using only the reception of a thick-walled electric spark coating, it is easy to close a crack up to 1.5 millimeters wide inclusive, but it is almost impossible to obtain a sealed coating, since it has significant porosity. For those cases where the tightness of the seam is mandatory, additional processing by the method of surface plastic deformation is necessary.
DIAGNOSTICS OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES, STATE AND PROSPECTS IN THE ENGINEERING SERVICE
OF THE AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX
Authors: Kataev Y. V. , Gerasimov V. S. , Tishaninov I. A. , Gradov E. A.
Published: September 2023

The paper presents the trends in the development of technical diagnostics in the engineering service of the agro-industrial complex, the most promising areas of its development. (Research purpose) The research purpose is analyzing the state of modern technical diagnostics in the engineering service of the agro-industrial complex, considering the development of new methods and technical diagnostic tools based on computer and information technologies. (Materials and methods) Modern information technologies, automated control and management systems were used during the research. The expansion of the range of devices and equipment to collect and proceed the information about the operational reliability of internal combustion engines of high-energy agricultural machinery allows for comprehensive research in the technical diagnostic. (Results and discussion) Authors used the integrated approach when conducting research in terms of developing methods of contactless diagnostics, assessing the level of maintenance using this diagnostic method, analyzing methods of contactless diagnostics that allow us to respond to the output signals of malfunctions of internal combustion engine components. Contactless diagnostics of internal combustion engines can reduce the number of failures by 1.5 or more times, increase the repair service life by 1.2-1.5 times, reduce maintenance costs by 15-20 percent, reduce fuel consumption by 12-15 percent and increase the durability of parts by 10-12 percent. (Conclusions) The research forms the scientific basis for the effective use of contactless diagnostics. The introduction of this method of technical diagnostics of internal combustion engines makes it possible to reduce the operating costs of agricultural producers by 12-15 percent due to the economical using of resources, to ensure a reduction in the number of repairs and a reduction in the number of spare parts purchased.
RECYCLING OF BRONZE WASTE IN MACHINE-BUILDING INDUSTRY
Authors: Romanov I. V. , Zadorozhniy R. N. , Kudryashova E. Yu.
Published: September 2023

The use of secondary metals is of crucial importance, since the costs of involving metal waste into circulation are significantly less than for smelting primary metal from ore. Recycling of non-ferrous metal scrap, including bronze, is especially relevant due to the high cost of raw materials. All the methods of scrap metal processing used today are very energy-intensive, so the search for new technologies is relevant. (Research purpose) The research purpose is studying modern methods of processing waste of non-ferrous metals and alloys in machine-building industries, identifying problems and disadvantages of such methods; proving the expediency of the use of electroerosive dispersion in the recycling of scrap metal. (Materials and methods) Used an integrated approach, which included the analysis of literary and patent sources, scientific papers. The research was carried out on laboratory equipment of the FNAC VIM Nano-Center. (Results and discussion) We studied various methods of processing machine-building waste of non-ferrous metals and alloys, identified the disadvantages of these methods, and proposed an electroerosive dispersion method as a promising one. It was determined that in modern repair production, welding and surfacing processes are used in more than 60 percent of cases to restore the operability of worn parts. Surfacing allows alloying, controlling the hardness and microstructure of the deposited layer. Powder materials for the technologies of restoration and hardening of parts are economically more profitable, since the manufacture of wire or rods from hard and brittle materials requires expensive special methods. (Conclusions) Recycling of metal waste, especially non-ferrous metals and alloys, gives a tangible economic effect for the economy. The use of new promising technologies helps to reduce the energy intensity of recycling processes.
Processing of Manure in Biogas Plants
Authors: Apazhev A. K. , Fiapshev B. A. , Fiapshev A. G. , Kilchukova O. Kh. , Pazova T. Kh. , Dzuganov V. B.
Published: September 2023

Biogas obtained from agricultural waste is becoming increasingly important as a renewable resource. Biogas can be obtained by biological and thermochemical methods. The first is the decomposi­tion of organic substances without air access due to the fermentation process, which takes place at a temperature of 30-40 degrees Celsius for «clean» waste (for example, microbiological industry) or 55-60 degrees Celsius for animal waste and urban wastewater. As a result of decomposition, biogas and a number of valuable components (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium oxide) are formed, from which a highly effective organo-biofertilizer is prepared. (Research purpose) The research purpose is increasing the uniformity of the temperature field over the volume of the bioreactor to intensify the thermophilic process of anaerobic processing, increasing the yield of biogas and improvement of the quality of the biofertilizer. (Materials and methods) For the purpose of laboratory experiments, droppings from the poultry house of the peasant farm “Khemzet” of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic were used with the analysis performed in the laboratory of the agrochemical service “Kabardino-Balkarian”. The total daily heat consumption and the capacity of the heat exchanger-agitator were determined using mathematical modeling and the laws of thermodynamics. (Results and discussion) The contents of the methane tank were heated by a heat exchanger using a coolant, and mixing was carried out using a mechanical stirrer combined into one heat exchanger–stirrer unit powered by an electric motor. It was shown that during the thermophilic process, more intensive and deeper fermentation of precipitation occurs, which contributes to a decrease in the volume of the methane tank, more effective destruction of helminths and weed seeds. It was found that during thermophilic fermentation, a greater amount of heat is needed to heat the sediment in the methane tank, 12-15 days are enough to disinfect the mass. (Conclusions) It was found that the optimal values of the temperature of the substrate processing process are 56.6 degrees Celsius; the mixing time is 17 minutes, the number of revolutions of the heat exchanger-agitator is 7.5 revolutions per minute. Chemical analysis of the obtained organo-biofertilizers was carried out.
Use of Synchronous Generators for Gas Turbine Power Plants
Authors: Gusarov V. A. , Pisarev D. Yu. , Mironov V. P.
Published: September 2023

The combination of gas turbine engines and low-speed generators that are part of power plants is a large-mass unit with low specific indicators of the mass-to-unit power ratio. (Research purpose) The research purpose is developing a new kinematic scheme of a gas turbine engine with a high-speed synchronous electric generator, higher reliability and long service life, reduced weight and size characteristics of the power plant. (Materials and methods) Established that small gas turbine power and general-purpose power plants are not produced in Russia, research work was not systematic. It was determined that synchronous generators and gas turbine engines are used on two-shaft kinematic systems that reduce the rotation frequency of the generator rotor, where a large diameter of the free turbine entails a higher level of vibration, and due to the high level of sliding leads to a lower torque of the power plant at low rpm. (Results and discussion) It has been shown that the use of single-channel kinematic schemes contributes to simpler control, this opens up a wide prospect for their use in power plants for the purpose of supplying electricity to consumers and mobile agricultural vehicles. A new kinematic scheme of a high-speed generator has been developed, in which the rotor and stator interact with each other according to the type of sliding bearing. (Conclusions) The advantages of using a single-shaft kinematic scheme for the joint operation of a gas turbine engine with a high-speed synchronous generator have been revealed, which are expressed in a smaller moment of straining of the rotor and the absence of a sliding coefficient between the shafts. It was stated that as a result of using the proposed design of the power module, the reliability of the generator increases, the operating speed increases due to the use in the design of the polished outer surface of the rotor and the polished inner surface of the stator, working according to the type of sliding bearing, with forced oil supply at a pressure of 2-5 kilograms per square centimeter, at the same time, heat removal from the stator winding improves.
Equivalent Transformations of Complex Circuits in Calculations of Power Supply Systems of Agrocomplex
Authors: Kol’nichenko G. I. , Tarlakov Y. V. , Usachev M. S. , Sobolev A. V.
Published: September 2023

he tasks at the stage of planning and operation of power supply systems are related to the calculation of the parameters of their operation modes. With the massive nature of such complex calculations, their execution is possible only with the help of appropriate software and computing tools, that is, using an electronic computer. (Research purpose) The research purpose is to substantiate the algorithm of equivalence of power supply systems or their individual sections as an integral part of the algorithms complex for calculating electrical systems. (Materials and methods) It has been shown that at present there are many agricultural consumers, interruptions in the power supply of which lead to significant damage, in this regard, closed power supply systems are becoming increasingly used, as the requirements for reliability, uninterrupted power supply and the quality of electricity supplied to the consumer are increasing. It was determined that the calculation of closed systems is more complicated than open ones. It was revealed that when solving a wide range of tasks related to the creation and modernization of power supply systems, there is a need to simplify the systems or their individual sections. (Results and discussion) The equivalence rule was formed and methods for calculating equivalent resistances and electromotive force of the converted sections of the replacement circuits were given, which simplifies the circuit and accelerates the process of calculating and analyzing the modes of power supply systems. (Conclusions) It was established that the proposed equivalence algorithm is based on universal formulas for calculating intrinsic and mutual resistances, which were previously obtained by the authors for use in problems of calculating steady-state modes of power supply systems. It was stated that the calculation algorithm is also applicable for the equivalence of forward and reverse sequence circuits in the calculation of currents of asymmetric short circuits and in the analysis of the dynamic stability of electric power systems
Mathematical Modelling of Resonant Electric Power Transmission System
Authors: Yuferev L. Yu. , Roshchin O. A. , Aleksandrov D. V.
Published: September 2023

The most significant feature of the power supply to agricultural consumers is the uneven distribution of the electrical load across three phases of the 0.4 kilovolt four-wire power grid and low load density (515 kilowatts per square kilometer) and coverage of large areas. Based on modern requirements for the quality of electricity and reliability of power supply to agricultural consumers, there is a need to modernize existing and create a new generation of rural electric grid. One of the variants of such grid is a resonant power transmission system. (Research purpose) The research object is a physical and mathematical model of a resonant system, taking into account a wide selection of the necessary physical parameters for the transfer function, the research purpose is determining the parameters of the resonant system. (Materials and methods) Used Mathematica version 4.2.0.0. It was established that all physical parameters can be set in accordance with the experiment. (Results and discussion) A new type of electrical systems for electric power transmission with the use of a resonant method of electric power transmission was considered. A mathematical model of a high-frequency line based on a single-wire line with a return through the ground was given. (Conclusions) We investigated the general principle of operation, the main components, and also calculated electrical characteristics, including power, frequency response, efficiency, features of operation, including wireless communication. The calculation results were compared with the existing equipment with a transmission power of up to 8000 watts. It was shown that on the basis of the obtained equations, it is possible to correctly select the parameters of the resonant power transmission line and voltage converters. It was determined that the obtained physical and mathematical model of a resonant single-conductor system, taking into account a wide selection of the necessary physical parameters, makes it possible to understand the operation of a resonant power transmission line and build optimized receiving and transmitting equipment complexes.
Complejidad y estabilidad en redes tróficas: un análisis de redes empíricas
Authors:   Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas (CADIC-CONICET), Ushuaia, Argentina., Marina Thomas I. , Colbrunn Nathan ,   School for International Training (SIT), Brattelboro, Estados Unidos de América y Hope College, Muchigan, Estados Unidos de América
Published: September 2023

Las redes tróficas describen las interacciones presa-depredador que ocurren en un hábitat determinado. Son herramientas útiles para analizar la complejidad y la estabilidad, así como la relación entre estas propiedades, en ecosistemas naturales. En este trabajo se estudió la estabilidad, medida mediante la conectividad (C=L/S2, donde S es el número de especies y L el número de interacciones), y la relación complejidad-estabilidad a través de 314 redes tróficas empíricas, considerando distintos ecosistemas (dulceacuícolas, marinos y terrestres) con un amplio rango de complejidad. Para esto se consideraron dos indicadores de estabilidad, modularidad y el índice ‘Quasi-Sign Stability’, que fueron evaluados de manera general mediante una prueba no paramétrica (Kruskal-Wallis), y por tipo de ecosistema mediante comparaciones pareadas post-hoc (prueba de Wilcoxon). Los resultados muestran diferencias significativas en los indicadores de estabilidad analizados según el tipo de ecosistema. Con base en la modularidad, el orden creciente de estabilidad fue: redes marinas, dulceacuícolas y terrestres; con base en el índice ‘Quasi-Sign Stability’: terrestres, marinas y dulceacuícolas. La relación complejidad-estabilidad fue diferente no solo de acuerdo al indicador de estabilidad considerado, sino también al tipo de ecosistema. De esta manera, se sugiere que es fundamental considerar la multidimensionalidad de la estabilidad al evaluarla específicamente y en el contexto de la relación complejidad-estabilidad en redes tróficas, al igual que el tipo de ecosistema
TITANIUM DIOXIDE EMBEDDED IN A IMPRINTED POLYMERIC MATRIX FOR IBUPROFEN PHOTODEGRADATION.
Authors: Villarreal-Lucio Diana Samantha , Vargas-Berrones Karla Ximena , Ocampo-Pérez Raúl , Carrizalez Juan Carlos Serna , Flores-Ramíez Rogelio
Published: September 2023

A molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) with photocatalytic activity was
successfully synthetized by a non-covalent method using ibuprofen as the
target molecule. Adsorption assays and a photodegradation study was
done. The results showed that TiO influences the
adsorption behavior, when the TiO content is low the
materials follow a Langmuir model, but when is higher Freundlich model
best represents the adsorption process in the MIPs. 25% of TiO
is the optimum amount in a photocatalytic imprinting
matrix; the complete degradation is reached within the 2.5 minutes.
Voltage tunes mGlu5 receptor function, impacting synaptic transmission
Authors: perroy julie , Boutonnet Marin , Carpena Camille , Bouquier Nathalie , Chastagnier Yan , Font-Ingles Joan , Moutin Enora , Tricoire Ludovic , Chemin Jean
Published: September 2023

Background and Purpose Voltage sensitivity is a common feature of many
membrane proteins, including some G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs).
However, the functional consequences of voltage sensitivity in GPCRs are
not well understood. Experimental approach In this study, we
investigated the voltage sensitivity of the post-synaptic metabotropic
glutamate receptor mGlu5 and its impact on synaptic transmission. Using
biosensors and electrophysiological recordings in non-excitable HEK293T
cells or neurons. Key Results We found that mGlu5 receptor function is
optimal at resting membrane potentials. We observed that membrane
depolarization significantly reduced mGlu5 receptor activation,
Gq-PLC/PKC stimulation, Ca2+ release, and mGlu5 receptor-gated currents
through TRPC6 channels or NMDA receptors. Notably, we report a
previously unknown activity of the NMDA receptor at the resting
potential of neurons, enabled by mGlu5. Conclusions & Implications Our
findings suggest that mGlu5 receptor activity is directly regulated by
membrane voltage which may have a significant impact on synaptic
processes and pathophysiological functions.
Wind vibration response of high concrete water-tower considering liquid-solid-soil interaction
Authors: Cheng Xuansheng , Liu Yu , Li Guoliang
Published: September 2023

Abstract: High concrete water-tower is used as research objects, an
analytical model of a water-tower foundation is established using the
finite element method (FEM). The water-tower foundation is mainly
studied under the action of a wind field that considered
liquid-solid-soil interaction (LSSI), and the dynamic response of high
concrete water-tower is obtained. First, according to the linear
filtering method, the simulation of the random wind field is completed
using MATLAB. FEM is used to establish LSSI water-tower foundation model
and the liquid-solid interaction (LSI) water-tower model. Furthermore,
the random wind field is used as an input for the finite element model
under two different assumptions. Under the action of the random wind
field, the wind-induced vibration response law is studied. Finally, by
analyzing the wind-induced responses of the two models, the effects of
soil on the wind-induced vibration response of water-tower are studied .
The results show that under the assumption of LSI, the wind-induced
vibration response of the water-tower differs greatly from the
wind-induced response when LSSI is considered. It is found that LSSI is
more severe than only LSI for displacement response. Similarly, It is
discovered that LSSI is greater than LSI for acceleration and stress
responses.