bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Non-Competitive and Competitive Adsorption of Pb2+, Cd2+ and Zn2+ Ions onto SDS in Process of Micellar-Enhanced Ultrafiltration
Authors: Li Xue , He Songbao , Feng Chongling , Zhu Yanke , Pang Ya , Hou Juan , Luo Kun , Liao Xingsheng
Published: January 2018

Competitive adsorption of Pb2+, Cd2+ and Zn2+ ions on sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in binary mixtures were investigated compared with non-competitive adsorption in the unitary metal solution in micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration at a temperature of 25 °C. Mutual interference effects were investigated based on the removal rate, the Langmuir Competitive Model (LCM) and equilibrium adsorption capacity ratios, qe/qm, which indicated the presence of other metal ions. The results indicated that the removal rate and adsorption capacity of Pb2+ were higher than that of the other metal ions in unitary and binary systems. The effects on SDS micelles for Cd-Pb and Zn-Pb combinations were found to be antagonistic. However, it was a favorable effect for the Cd-Zn combination, and the metal ions sorption followed the order: Pb2+ > Cd2+ > Zn2+. The behavior of non-competitive and competitive adsorption for Cd2+ and Zn2+ in a single system and in the presence of Pb2+ were well described by LCM. Moreover, the LCM showed poor fitting to non-competitive and competitive adsorption of Pb2+ in a single solution and in the presence of Cd2+ or Zn2+. In conclusion, the removal of Pb2+ in the presence of Zn2+ or Cd2+ showed greater efficacy than that of Cd2+ or Zn2+ in the presence of Pb2+.
Gardener Well-Being along Social and Biophysical Landscape Gradients
Authors: Egerer Monika H. , Philpott Stacy M. , Bichier Peter , Jha Shalene , Liere Heidi , Lin Brenda B.
Published: January 2018

Increasing human populations are challenging cities to grow sustainably while maintaining green spaces that deliver ecosystem services and well-being benefits. Community gardens are green spaces that provide food, community, and health benefits, but gardens often are non-permanent due to development and green space loss. Thus, investigating their significance and benefit across urban regions is critical for research and policy alike. This study investigated the role of community gardens in providing human well-being benefits across three counties in the California Central Coast—a region undergoing massive urban transformation in the last century. We measured how multiple aspects of self-reported gardener well-being varied in relation to the social opportunities of surrounding neighborhoods and the biophysical features of the landscapes in which the gardens were embedded. The results document improvements in gardener well-being through gardening across social and biophysical gradients. Gardeners are motivated by diverse reasons, varying from gardening in order to connect to nature, to gardening for improved food access, or to enhance time spent with family. Community gardens are therefore important for supporting many well-being benefits. Policies to maintain and protect gardens should prioritize neighborhoods with needs for connecting to nature and enhancing social interaction within the community.
The Architect and the Paradigms of Sustainable Development: A Review of Dilemmas
Authors: Bonenberg Wojciech , Kapliński Oleg
Published: January 2018

This article presents the architect’s attitude towards the paradigms of sustainable development. The place and role of the architect in the implementation of the multidimensional processes of sustainable design are presented. Basic dilemmas and antinomies are presented. The analysis of architects’ attitudes towards these problems is performed in various contexts, examining the architect’s awareness and his/her environment in view of changes under way. The article draws attention to the status of knowledge, changes in design paradigms, legislative and organizational requirements. The importance of architectural culture level, the need for training and ways to support the implementation of new design paradigms through integrated activities are indicated. The research results, regarding public awareness of architecture and sustainable development, are illustrated, with examples from Poland.
Comparative Venomics of the Vipera ammodytes transcaucasiana and Vipera ammodytes montandoni from Turkey Provides Insights into Kinship
Authors: Hempel Benjamin-Florian , Damm Maik , Göçmen Bayram , Karis Mert , Oguz Mehmet , Nalbantsoy Ayse , Süssmuth Roderich
Published: January 2018

The Nose-horned Viper (Vipera ammodytes) is one of the most widespread and venomous snakes in Europe, which causes high frequent snakebite accidents. The first comprehensive venom characterization of the regional endemic Transcaucasian Nose-horned Viper (Vipera ammodytes transcaucasiana) and the Transdanubian Sand Viper (Vipera ammodytes montandoni) is reported employing a combination of intact mass profiling and bottom-up proteomics. The bottom-up analysis of both subspecies identified the major snake protein families of viper venoms. Furthermore, intact mass profiling revealed the presence of two tripeptidic metalloprotease inhibitors and their precursors. While previous reports applied multivariate analysis techniques to clarify the taxonomic status of the subspecies, an accurate classification of Vipera ammodytes transcaucasiana is still part of the ongoing research. The comparative analysis of the viper venoms on the proteome level reveals a close relationship between the Vipera ammodytes subspecies, which could be considered to clarify the classification of the Transcaucasian Nose-horned Viper. However, the slightly different ratio of some venom components could be indicating interspecific variations of the two studied subspecies or intraspecies alternations based on small sample size. Additionally, we performed a bioactivity screening with the crude venoms against several human cancerous and non-cancerous cell lines, which showed interesting results against a human breast adenocarcinoma epithelial cell line. Several fractions of Vipera a. transcaucasiana demonstrated a strong cytotoxic effect on triple negative MDA MB 231 breast cancer cells.
Protective and Detoxifying Effects Conferred by Dietary Selenium and Curcumin against AFB1-Mediated Toxicity in Livestock: A Review
Authors: Limaye Aniket , Yu Roch-Chui , Chou Cheng-Chun , Liu Je-Ruei , Cheng Kuan-Chen
Published: January 2018

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), among other aflatoxins of the aflatoxin family, is the most carcinogenic and hazardous mycotoxin to animals and human beings with very high potency leading to aflatoxicosis. Selenium is an essential trace mineral possessing powerful antioxidant functions. Selenium is widely reported as an effective antioxidant against aflatoxicosis. By preventing oxidative liver damage, suppressing pro-apoptotic proteins and improving immune status in AFB1 affected animals; selenium confers specific protection against AFB1 toxicity. Meticulous supplementation of animal feed by elemental selenium in the organic and inorganic forms has proven to be effective to ameliorate AFB1 toxicity. Curcumin is another dietary agent of importance in tackling aflatoxicosis. Curcumin is one of the major active ingredients in the tubers of a spice Curcuma longa L., a widely reported antioxidant, anticarcinogenic agent with reported protective potential against aflatoxin-mediated liver damage. Curcumin restricts the aflatoxigenic potential of Aspergillus flavus. Curcumin inhibits cytochrome P450 isoenzymes, particularly CYP2A6 isoform; thereby reducing the formation of AFB1-8, 9-epoxide and other toxic metabolites causing aflatoxicosis. In this review, we have briefly reviewed important aflatoxicosis symptoms among animals. With the main focus on curcumin and selenium, we have reviewed their underlying protective mechanisms in different animals along with their extraction and production methods for feed applications.
Co-Occurrence of Microcystins and Taste-and-Odor Compounds in Drinking Water Source and Their Removal in a Full-Scale Drinking Water Treatment Plant
Authors: Shang Lixia , Feng Muhua , Xu Xiangen , Liu Feifei , Ke Fan , Li Wenchao
Published: January 2018

The co-occurrence of cyanotoxins and taste-and-odor compounds are a growing concern for drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs) suffering cyanobacteria in water resources. The dissolved and cell-bound forms of three microcystin (MC) congeners (MC-LR, MC-RR and MC-YR) and four taste-and-odor compounds (geosmin, 2-methyl isoborneol, β-cyclocitral and β-ionone) were investigated monthly from August 2011 to July 2012 in the eastern drinking water source of Lake Chaohu. The total concentrations of microcystins and taste-and-odor compounds reached 8.86 μg/L and 250.7 ng/L, respectively. The seasonal trends of microcystins were not consistent with those of the taste-and-odor compounds, which were accompanied by dominant species Microcystis and Dolichospermum. The fate of the cyanobacteria and metabolites were determined simultaneously after the processes of coagulation/flocculation, sedimentation, filtration and chlorination in the associated full-scale DWTP. The dissolved fractions with elevated concentrations were detected after some steps and the breakthrough of cyanobacteria and metabolites were even observed in finished water. Chlorophyll-a limits at intake were established for the drinking water source based on our investigation of multiple metabolites, seasonal variations and their elimination rates in the DWTP. Not only microcystins but also taste-and-odor compounds should be taken into account to guide the management in source water and in DWTPs.
Correction of Malocclusion by Botulinum Neurotoxin Injection into Masticatory Muscles
Authors: Seok Hyun , Kim Seong-Gon
Published: January 2018

Botulinum toxin (BTX) is a neurotoxin, and its injection in masticatory muscles induces muscle weakness and paralysis. This paralytic effect of BTX induces growth retardation of the maxillofacial bones, changes in dental eruption and occlusion state, and facial asymmetry. Using masticatory muscle paralysis and its effect via BTX, BTX can be used for the correction of malocclusion after orthognathic surgery and mandible fracture. The paralysis of specific masticatory muscles by BTX injection reduces the tensional force to the mandible and prevents relapse and changes in dental occlusion. BTX injection in the anterior belly of digastric and mylohyoid muscle prevents the open-bite and deep bite of dental occlusion and contributes to mandible stability after orthognathic surgery. The effect of BTX injection in masticatory muscles for maxillofacial bone growth and dental occlusion is reviewed in this article. The clinical application of BTX is also discussed for the correction of dental malocclusion and suppression of post-operative relapse after mandibular surgery.
A Note on (Non)-Locality in Holographic Higher Spin Theories
Authors: Ponomarev Dmitry
Published: January 2018

It was argued recently that the holographic higher spin theory features non-local interactions. We further elaborate on these results using the Mellin representation. The main difficulty previously encountered in this method is that the Mellin amplitude for the free theory correlator is ill-defined. To resolve this problem, instead of literally applying the standard definition, we propose to define this amplitude by linearity using decompositions, where each term has the associated Mellin amplitude well-defined. Up to a sign, the resulting amplitude is equal to the Mellin amplitude for the singular part of the quartic vertex in the bulk theory and, hence, can be used to analyze bulk locality. From this analysis we find that the scalar quartic self-interaction vertex in the holographic higher spin theory has a singularity of a special form, which can be distinguished from generic bulk exchanges. We briefly discuss the physical interpretation of such singularities and their relation to the Noether procedure.
Regulation of CD4 Receptor and HIV-1 Entry by MicroRNAs-221 and -222 during Differentiation of THP-1 Cells
Authors: Lodge Robert , Gilmore Julian , Ferreira Barbosa Jérémy , Lombard-Vadnais Félix , Cohen Éric
Published: January 2018

Human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) infection of monocyte/macrophages is modulated by the levels of entry receptors cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) and C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5), as well as by host antiviral restriction factors, which mediate several post-entry blocks. We recently identified two microRNAs, miR-221 and miR-222, which limit HIV-1 entry during infection of monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) by down-regulating CD4 expression. Interestingly, CD4 is also down-regulated during the differentiation of monocytes into macrophages. In this study, we compared microRNA expression profiles in primary monocytes and macrophages by RNAseq and found that miR-221/miR-222 are enhanced in macrophages. We took advantage of the monocytic THP-1 cell line that, once differentiated, is poorly susceptible to HIV-1. Accordingly, we found that CD4 levels are very low in THP-1 differentiated cells and that this down-regulation of the virus receptor is the result of miR-221/miR-222 up-regulation during differentiation. We thus established a THP-1 cell line stably expressing a modified CD4 (THP-1-CD4R) that is not modulated by miR-221/miR-222. We show that in contrast to parental THP-1, this line is productively infected by HIV-1 following differentiation, sustaining efficient HIV-1 CD4-dependent replication and spread. This new THP-1-CD4R cell line represents a useful tool for the study of HIV-1-macrophage interactions particularly in contexts where spreading of viral infection is necessary.
A Model to Detect Autochthonous Group 1 and 2 Brazilian Vaccinia virus Coinfections: Development of a qPCR Tool for Diagnosis and Pathogenesis Studies
Authors: Calixto Rafael , Oliveira Graziele , Lima Maurício , Andrade Ana , Trindade Giliane , De Oliveira Danilo , Kroon Erna
Published: January 2018

Vaccinia virus (VACV) is the etiological agent of bovine vaccinia (BV), an emerging zoonosis that has been associated with economic losses and social effects. Despite increasing reports of BV outbreaks in Brazil, little is known about the biological interactions of Brazilian VACV (VACV-BR) isolates during coinfections; furthermore, there are no tools for the diagnosis of these coinfections. In this study, a tool to co-detect two variants of VACV was developed to provide new information regarding the pathogenesis, virulence profile, and viral spread during coinfection with VACV-BR isolates. To test the quantitative polymerase chain reactions (qPCR) tool, groups of BALB/c mice were intranasally monoinfected with Pelotas virus 1—Group II (PV1-GII) and Pelotas virus 2—Group I (PV2-GI), or were coinfected with PV1-GII and PV2-GI. Clinical signs of the mice were evaluated and the viral load in lung and spleen were detected using simultaneous polymerase chain reactions (PCR) targeting the A56R (hemagglutinin) gene of VACV. The results showed that qPCR for the quantification of viral load in coinfection was efficient and highly sensitive. Coinfected mice presented more severe disease and a higher frequency of VACV detection in lung and spleen, when compared to monoinfected groups. This study is the first description of PV1 and PV2 pathogenicity during coinfection in mice, and provides a new method to detect VACV-BR coinfections.
Estimating Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Emissions from Reservoirs Using Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Chen Zhonghan , Ye Xiaoqian , Huang Ping
Published: January 2018

Freshwater reservoirs are considered as the source of atmospheric greenhouse gas (GHG), but more than 96% of global reservoirs have never been monitored. Compared to the difficulty and high cost of field measurements, statistical models are a better choice to simulate the carbon emissions from reservoirs. In this study, two types of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) and Generalized Regression Neural Network (GRNN), were used to predict carbon dioxide (CO2) flux emissions from reservoirs based on the published data. Input variables, which were latitude, age, the potential net primary productivity, and mean depth, were selected by Spearman correlation analysis, and then the rationality of these inputs was proved by sensitivity analysis. Besides this, a Multiple Non-Linear Regression (MNLR) and a Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) were used for comparison with ANNs. The performance of models was assessed by statistical metrics both in training and testing phases. The results indicated that ANNs gave more accurate results than regression models and GRNN provided the best performance. With the help of this GRNN, the total CO2 emitted by global reservoirs was estimated and possible CO2 flux emissions from a planned reservoir was assessed, which illustrated the potential application of GRNN.
Comparison of GCM Precipitation Predictions with Their RMSEs and Pattern Correlation Coefficients
Authors: Yoo Chulsang , Cho Eunsaem
Published: January 2018

This study evaluated 20 general circulation models (GCMs) of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, Phase 5 (CMIP5), which provide the prediction results for the period of 2006 to 2014, the period from which the observation data (the Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) data) are available. Both the GCM predictions of precipitation and the GPCP data were compared for three data structures—the global, zonal, and grid mean—with conventional statistics like the root mean square error (RMSE) and the pattern correlation coefficient of the cyclostationary empirical orthogonal functions (CSEOFs). As a result, it was possible to select a GCM which showed the best performance among the 20 GCMs considered in this study. Overall, the NorSM1-M model was found to be the most similar to the GPCP data. Additionally, the IPSL-CM5A-LR, BCC-CSM, and GFDL-CMS models were also found to be quite similar to the GPCP data.
Global Water Governance and Climate Change: Identifying Innovative Arrangements for Adaptive Transformation
Authors: Melo Zurita Maria , Thomsen Dana , Holbrook Neil , Smith Timothy , Lyth Anna , Munro Paul , De Bruin Annemarieke , Seddaiu Giovanna , Roggero Pier , Baird Julia , Plummer Ryan , Bullock Ryan , Collins Kevin , Powell Neil
Published: January 2018

A convoluted network of different water governance systems exists around the world. Collectively, these systems provide insight into how to build sustainable regimes of water use and management. We argue that the challenge is not to make the system less convoluted, but rather to support positive and promising trends in governance, creating a vision for future environmental outcomes. In this paper, we analyse nine water case studies from around the world to help identify potential ‘innovative arrangements’ for addressing existing dilemmas. We argue that such arrangements can be used as a catalyst for crafting new global water governance futures. The nine case studies were selected for their diversity in terms of location, scale and water dilemma, and through an examination of their contexts, structures and processes we identify key themes to consider in the milieu of adaptive transformation. These themes include the importance of acknowledging socio-ecological entanglements, understanding the political dimensions of environmental dilemmas, the recognition of different constructions of the dillema, and the importance of democratized processes.
Assessing the Coordinated Operation of Reservoirs and Weirs for Sustainable Water Management in the Geum River Basin under Climate Change
Authors: Ahn Jung , Yang Deuk , Jung Kang , Shin Dong
Published: January 2018

In this study, an integrated system for the comprehensive analysis of climate change, runoff, reservoir operation, and power generation was developed. In order to apply reliable climate change scenarios to the Geum River Basin, we applied representative concentration pathway (RCP) scenarios adopted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change for its fifth assessment report in 2014 to the streamflow synthesis and reservoir regulation model at a regional scale with 1-km spatial resolution to analyze future runoff. This analyzed future runoff was applied to the Hydrologic Engineering Center—Reservoir System Simulation to analyze the hydrological behavior caused by reservoir operation through flow duration analysis at each of several important points. The objective was to provide initial data suitable for future basin management through an examination of power generation. Applying the RCP 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios showed that runoff would increase continuously compared with the past. However, in the RCP 8.5 scenario (where carbon reductions have not been achieved), runoff from flooding would be reduced considerably. It was found that power generation would be reduced compared with the past under the climate change scenarios, but additional power generation could be realized with the coordinated operation of reservoirs and weirs. These results suggest that, despite climate change, the risk to power generation could be reduced with the coordinated operation of reservoirs and weirs.
Experimental Study on the Potential Use of Bundled Crop Straws as Subsurface Drainage Material in the Newly Reclaimed Coastal Land in Eastern China
Authors: Lu Peirong , Zhang Zhanyu , Feng Genxiang , Huang Mingyi , Shi Xufan
Published: January 2018

Initial land reclamation of the saline soils often requires higher drainage intensity for quick leaching of salts from the soil profile; however, drainage pipes placed at closer spacing may result in higher cost. Seeking an inexpensive degradable organic subsurface drainage material may satisfy such needs of initial drainage, low investment and a heathy soil environment. Crop straws are porous organic materials that have certain strength and endurance. In this research, we explored the potential of using bundled maize stalks and rice straws as subsurface drainage material in place of plastic pipes. Through an experimental study in large lysimeters that were filled with saline coastal soil and planted with maize, we examined the drainage performance of the two organic materials by comparing with the conventional plastic drainage pipes; soil moisture distribution, soil salinity changed with depth, and the crop information were monitored in the lysimeters during the maize growing period. The results showed that maize stalk drainage and the rice straw drainage were significantly (p < 0.05) more efficient in removing salt and water from the crop root zone than the plastic drainage pipes; they excelled in drainage rate, leaching fraction, and lowering water table; and their efficient drainage processes lowered salt stress in the crop root zone and resulted in a slightly higher level of biomass. The experimental results suggest that crop straws may be used as a good organic substitute for the plastic drainage pipes in the initial stage land reclamation of the saline coastal soils.
MicroRNA-379 Suppresses Cervical Cancer Cell Proliferation and Invasion by Directly Targeting V-crk Avian Sarcoma Virus CT10 Oncogene Homolog-Like (CRKL)
Authors: Shi Xi , Xiao Xiao , Yuan Na , Zhang Shili , Yuan Fukang , Wang Xiaohong
Published: January 2018

Cervical cancer is the fourth most common malignancy among females worldwide. MicroRNA-379 (miR-379) is aberrantly expressed in multiple human cancer types. However, the expression pattern, roles, and detailed regulatory mechanisms of miR-379 in cervical cancer remain unknown. In this
study, we found that miR-379 expression was downregulated in cervical cancer tissues and cell lines. Low miR-379 expression was correlated with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis. Additionally, miR-379 overexpression
suppressed the proliferation and invasion of cervical cancer cells. Furthermore, V-crk avian sarcoma virus CT10 oncogene homolog-like (CRKL) was identified as a direct target of miR-379 in cervical cancer. CRKL was upregulated in cancer tissues and negatively correlated with miR-379 expression.
Moreover, restored CRKL expression rescued the inhibitory effects of miR-379 overexpression on cell proliferation and invasion. In conclusion, miR-379 may serve as a tumor suppressor in cervical cancer by directly targeting CRKL. Restoring miR-379 expression may be an effective strategy for the treatment of cervical cancer.
miR-206 Inhibits Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion by Targeting BAG3 in Human Cervical Cancer
Authors: Wang Yingying , Tian Yongjie
Published: January 2018

miR-206 and Bcl-2-associated athanogene 3 (BAG3) have been suggested as important regulators in various cancer types. However, the biological role of miR-206 and BAG3 in cervical cancer (CC) remains unclear. We investigated the expressions and mechanisms of miR-206 and BAG3 in CC using
in vitro and in vivo assays. In the present study, miR-206 expression was expressed at a lower level in CC tissues and cells than adjacent normal tissues and NEECs. By contrast, BAG3 mRNA and protein were expressed at higher levels in CC tissues and cells. Furthermore, miR-206 overexpression
repressed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro, and the 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) of BAG3 was a direct target of miR-206. miR-206 overexpression also inhibited EGFR, Bcl-2, and MMP2/9 protein expression, but promoted Bax protein expression. Besides, BAG3 overexpression
partially abrogated miR-206-inhibited cell proliferation and invasion, while BAG3 silencing enhanced miR-206-mediated inhibition. In vivo assay revealed that miR-206 repressed tumor growth in nude mice xenograft model. In conclusion, miR-206 inhibits cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by targeting BAG3 in human CC. Thus, miR-206-BAG3 can be used as a useful target for CC.
Gas-sensing behaviour of ZnO/diamond nanostructures
Authors: Davydova Marina , Laposa Alexandr , Smarhak Jiri , Kromka Alexander , Neykova Neda , Nahlik Josef , Kroutil Jiri , Drahokoupil Jan , Voves Jan
Published: January 2018

Microstructured single- and double-layered sensor devices based on p-type hydrogen-terminated nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) films and/or n-type ZnO nanorods (NRs) have been obtained via a facile microwave-plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition process or a hydrothermal growth procedure. The morphology and crystal structure of the synthesized materials was analysed with scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction measurements and Raman spectroscopy. The gas sensing properties of the sensors based on i) NCD films, ii) ZnO nanorods, and iii) hybrid ZnO NRs/NCD structures were evaluated with respect to oxidizing (i.e., NO2, CO2) and reducing (i.e., NH3) gases at 150 °C. The hybrid ZnO NRs/NCD sensor showed a remarkably enhanced NO2 response compared to the ZnO NRs sensor. Further, inspired by this special hybrid structure, the simulation of interaction between the gas molecules (NO2 and CO2) and hybrid ZnO NRs/NCD sensor was studied using DFT calculations.
Ocular Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials: Normative Findings in Children
Authors: Kuhn Jeffery J. , Lavender Violette H. , Hunter Lisa L. , McGuire Stephanie E. , Meinzen-Derr Jareen , Keith Robert W. , Greinwald John H.
Published: January 2018

Background:To add to the limited body of literature on ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potential (oVEMP) responses in children and to assess a different montage for oVEMP recording.Purpose:To evaluate the characteristics of the oVEMP response in children and compare
the results with that of a group of healthy adults.Research Design:Prospective descriptive study from a tertiary referral center.Study Sample:Twenty-two children (mean age = 6.3 yr, standard deviation = ±1.5, range = 3.5‐8.9 yr) were recruited from families whose
parent(s) were employed by the Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC). Pediatric participants were categorized by age into three groups for data analysis. The comparison adult group of ten participants were members of the employee staff at CCHMC.Data Collection and
Analysis:Audiometric assessment was completed in all participants. The latency, amplitude, and threshold of the oVEMP responses were recorded using a modified electrode montage with reference at the chin and compared between the pediatric and adult participants.Results:All participants
completed testing and had bilateral measurable oVEMP responses using a 105-dB nHL, 500-Hz tone burst stimulus. Comparison between right and left ears across all participants for each oVEMP characteristic found no statistically significant difference. oVEMP testing showed no significant differences
with respect to latency, amplitude, interaural amplitude asymmetry, and threshold of response as a function of age.Conclusions:oVEMP responses for ages ≥3 did not differ from responses in adults.
Metal-rich RRc Stars in the Carnegie RR Lyrae Survey
Authors: Sneden Christopher , Preston George W. , Kollmeier Juna A. , Crane Jeffrey D. , Morrell Nidia , Prieto José L. , Shectman Stephen A. , Skowron Dorota M. , Thompson Ian B.
Published: January 2018

We describe and employ a stacking procedure to investigate abundances derived from the low signal-to-noise ratio spectra obtained in the Carnegie RR Lyrae Survey (CARRS). We find iron metallicities that extend from [Fe/H] ∼ −2.5 to values at least as large as [Fe/H] ∼ −0.5 in the 274-spectrum CARRS RRc data set. We consider RRc sample contamination by high amplitude solar metallicity δ Scuti stars (HADS) at periods less than 0.3 days, where photometric discrimination between RRc and δ Scuti stars has proven to be problematic. We offer a spectroscopic discriminant, the well-marked overabundance of heavy elements, principally [Ba/H], that is a common, if not universal, characteristic of HADS of all periods and axial rotations. No bona fide RRc stars known to us have verified heavy-element overabundances. Three out of 34 stars in our sample with [Fe/H] > −0.7 exhibit anomalously strong features of Sr, Y, Zr, Ba, and many rare earths. However, carbon is not enhanced in these three stars, and we conclude that their elevated n-capture abundances have not been generated in interior neutron-capture nucleosynthesis. Contamination by HADS appears to be unimportant, and metal-rich RRc stars occur in approximately the same proportion in the Galactic field as do metal-rich RRab stars. An apparent dearth of metal-rich RRc is probably a statistical fluke. Finally, we show that RRc stars have a similar inverse period–metallicity relationship as has been found for RRab stars.
The California-Kepler Survey. V. Peas in a Pod: Planets in a Kepler Multi-planet System Are Similar in Size and Regularly Spaced*
Authors: Weiss Lauren M. , Marcy Geoffrey W. , Petigura Erik A. , Fulton Benjamin J. , Howard Andrew W. , Winn Joshua N. , Isaacson Howard T. , Morton Timothy D. , Hirsch Lea A. , Sinukoff Evan J. , Cumming Andrew , Hebb Leslie , Cargile Phillip A.
Published: January 2018

We have established precise planet radii, semimajor axes, incident stellar fluxes, and stellar masses for 909 planets in 355 multi-planet systems discovered by Kepler. In this sample, we find that planets within a single multi-planet system have correlated sizes: each planet is more likely to be the size of its neighbor than a size drawn at random from the distribution of observed planet sizes. In systems with three or more planets, the planets tend to have a regular spacing: the orbital period ratios of adjacent pairs of planets are correlated. Furthermore, the orbital period ratios are smaller in systems with smaller planets, suggesting that the patterns in planet sizes and spacing are linked through formation and/or subsequent orbital dynamics. Yet, we find that essentially no planets have orbital period ratios smaller than 1.2, regardless of planet size. Using empirical mass–radius relationships, we estimate the mutual Hill separations of planet pairs. We find that 93% of the planet pairs are at least 10 mutual Hill radii apart, and that a spacing of ∼20 mutual Hill radii is most common. We also find that when comparing planet sizes, the outer planet is larger in 65% ± 0.4% of cases, and the typical ratio of the outer to inner planet size is positively correlated with the temperature difference between the planets. This could be the result of photo-evaporation.
Orbital Solution for the Spectroscopic Binary in the GW Ori Hierarchical Triple
Authors: Prato L. , Ruíz-Rodríguez Dary , Wasserman L. H.
Published: January 2018

We present the first double-lined orbital solution for the close binary in the GW Ori triple system. Using 12 epochs of infrared spectroscopy, we detected the lines of both stars in the inner pair, previously known as single-lined only. Our preliminary infrared orbital solution has an eccentricity of e = 0.21 ± 0.10, a period of P = 241.15 ± 0.72 days, and a mass ratio of q = 0.66 ± 0.13. We find a larger semi-amplitude for the primary star, K1 = 6.57 ± 1.00 km s−1, with an infrared-only solution compared to K1 = 4.41 ± 0.33 km s−1 with optical data from the literature, likely the result of line blending and veiling in the optical. The component spectral types correspond to G3 and K0 stars, with

values of 43 km s−1 and 50 km s−1, respectively. We obtained a flux ratio of α = 0.58 ± 0.14 in the H-band, allowing us to estimate individual masses of 3.2 and 2.7 M
⊙ for the primary and secondary, respectively, using evolutionary tracks. The tracks also yield a coeval age of 1 Myr for both components to within 1σ. GW Ori is surrounded by a circumbinary/circumtriple disk. A tertiary component has been detected in previous studies; however, we did not detect this component in our near-infrared spectra, probably the result of its relative faintness and blending in the absorption lines of these rapidly rotating stars. With these results, GW Ori joins the small number of classical T Tauri, double-lined spectroscopic binaries.
SDSS-IV MaNGA: Uncovering the Angular Momentum Content of Central and Satellite Early-type Galaxies
Authors: Greene J. E. , Leauthaud A. , Emsellem E. , Ge J. , Aragón-Salamanca A. , Greco J. , Lin Y.-T. , Mao S. , Masters K. , Merrifield M. , More S. , Okabe N. , Schneider D. P. , Thomas D. , Wake D. A. , Pan K. , Bizyaev D. , Oravetz D. , Simmons A. , Yan R. , Bosch F. van den
Published: January 2018

We study 379 central and 159 satellite early-type galaxies with two-dimensional kinematics from the integral-field survey Mapping Nearby Galaxies at APO (MaNGA) to determine how their angular momentum content depends on stellar and halo mass. Using the Yang et al. group catalog, we identify central and satellite galaxies in groups with halo masses in the range

. As in previous work, we see a sharp dependence on stellar mass, in the sense that ∼70% of galaxies with stellar mass

tend to have very little rotation, while nearly all galaxies at lower mass show some net rotation. The ∼30% of high-mass galaxies that have significant rotation do not stand out in other galaxy properties, except for a higher incidence of ionized gas emission. Our data are consistent with recent simulation results suggesting that major merging and gas accretion have more impact on the rotational support of lower-mass galaxies. When carefully matching the stellar mass distributions, we find no residual differences in angular momentum content between satellite and central galaxies at the 20% level. Similarly, at fixed mass, galaxies have consistent rotation properties across a wide range of halo mass. However, we find that errors in classification of central and satellite galaxies with group finders systematically lower differences between satellite and central galaxies at a level that is comparable to current measurement uncertainties. To improve constraints, the impact of group-finding methods will have to be forward-modeled via mock catalogs.
Physical Conditions in Ultra-fast Outflows in AGN
Authors: Kraemer S. B. , Tombesi F. , Bottorff M. C.
Published: January 2018

XMM-Newton and Suzaku spectra of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) have revealed highly ionized gas, in the form of absorption lines from H-like and He-like Fe. Some of these absorbers, ultra-fast outflows (UFOs), have radial velocities of up to 0.25c. We have undertaken a detailed photoionization study of high-ionization Fe absorbers, both UFOs and non-UFOs, in a sample of AGN observed by XMM-Newton. We find that the heating and cooling processes in UFOs are Compton-dominated, unlike the non-UFOs. Both types are characterized by force multipliers on the order of unity, which suggest that they cannot be radiatively accelerated in sub-Eddington AGN, unless they were much less ionized at their point of origin. However, such highly ionized gas can be accelerated via a magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) wind. We explore this possibility by applying a cold MHD flow model to the UFO in the well-studied Seyfert galaxy, NGC 4151. We find that the UFO can be accelerated along magnetic streamlines anchored in the accretion disk. In the process, we have been able to constrain the magnetic field strength and the magnetic pressure in the UFO and have determined that the system is not in magnetic/gravitational equipartition. Open questions include the variability of the UFOs and the apparent lack of non-UFOs in UFO sources.
ELUCID. IV. Galaxy Quenching and its Relation to Halo Mass, Environment, and Assembly Bias
Authors: Wang Huiyuan , Mo H. J. , Chen Sihan , Yang Yang , Yang Xiaohu , Wang Enci , van den Bosch Frank C. , Jing Yipeng , Kang Xi , Lin Weipeng , Lim S. H. , Huang Shuiyao , Lu Yi , Li Shijie , Cui Weiguang , Zhang Youcai , Tweed Dylan , Wei Chengliang , Li Guoliang , Shi Feng
Published: January 2018

We examine the quenched fraction of central and satellite galaxies as a function of galaxy stellar mass, halo mass, and the matter density of their large-scale environment. Matter densities are inferred from our ELUCID simulation, a constrained simulation of the local universe sampled by SDSS, while halo masses and central/satellite classification are taken from the galaxy group catalog of Yang et al. The quenched fraction for the total population increases systematically with the three quantities. We find that the “environmental quenching efficiency,” which quantifies the quenched fraction as a function of halo mass, is independent of stellar mass. And this independence is the origin of the stellar mass independence of density-based quenching efficiency found in previous studies. Considering centrals and satellites separately, we find that the two populations follow similar correlations of quenching efficiency with halo mass and stellar mass, suggesting that they have experienced similar quenching processes in their host halo. We demonstrate that satellite quenching alone cannot account for the environmental quenching efficiency of the total galaxy population, and that the difference between the two populations found previously arises mainly from the fact that centrals and satellites of the same stellar mass reside, on average, in halos of different mass. After removing these effects of halo mass and stellar mass, there remains a weak, but significant, residual dependence on environmental density, which is eliminated when halo assembly bias is taken into account. Our results therefore indicate that halo mass is the prime environmental parameter that regulates the quenching of both centrals and satellites.
Neurofibromatosis Type 1 with Massive Ventricular Polyposis: First Report in the Medical Literature
Authors: Tchernev Georgi , Chokoeva Anastasiya Atanasova , Wollina Uwe , Lotti Torello , Maximov Georgi Konstantinov , Lozev Ilia
Published: January 2018

BACKGROUND: Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a multisystemic disorder with genetic background, characterised by specific cutaneous findings, skeletal dysplasias, and growth of both benign and malignant nervous system tumours. NF1 is caused by mutations in the NF1 gene, situated in chromosome 17q11.2, with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance and clinical manifestation of neurofibromas, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour, optic and non-optic nerve gliomas, congenital heart disease, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease and orthopaedic disorders. The incidence of gastrointestinal manifestations of NF 1 is relatively low, compared to neurological disorders, presenting approximately in 5 to 25% of the patient, but later in life.CASE REPORT: We present a patient with NF1, ventricular polyposis and attentional disorders with cognitive phenotype, while both of her daughters also present with cutaneous manifestations of NF1.CONCLUSION: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of NF1 with ventricular polyposis as a gastrointestinal manifestation in the mother and NF1 with no signs of inner organ involvement in both of her daughters.
Cutaneous Microembolism of Fingers and Toes
Authors: Wollina Uwe , Koch André , Heinig Birgit , Tchernev Georgi , Lotti Torello
Published: January 2018

A macro vascular embolism is a well-known emergency. In contrast, cutaneous microembolism is a lesser known symptom. However, cutaneous microembolism of fingers and toes is a red flag symptom for vascular emergencies. The underlying cause may involve infectious, immunological, metabolic and physical disorders, coagulation disorders and malignancies. Early recognition can help to live safe.
L’exécution des décisions de justice face à l’ordre public
Authors: Grabias Fanny
Published: January 2018

Sujet classique au sein de la littérature juridique, l’exécution des décisions de justice face à l’ordre public l’est certainement moins lorsqu’il s’agit de l’interroger à propos des seules décisions du juge administratif. Si, en effet, la question de leur exécution a suscité de nombreux écrits de la part de la doctrine, c’est surtout en raison des pouvoirs limités dont disposait le juge pour s’opposer à la récalcitrance de l’Administration. Les nombreuses évolutions qui ont affecté le droit administratif et le contentieux administratif depuis les années 90 ont cependant permis de rendre à la justice administrative l’efficacité qui lui a pendant longtemps fait défaut. S’agissant de la limite posée par l’ordre public en revanche, le silence de la doctrine demeure entier : ce dernier peut-il, et le cas échéant dans quelle mesure, faire obstacle à l’exécution des décisions du juge administratif ? Théoriquement, l’importance de ce conflit ne fait pas de doute : exécution des décisions de justice et protection de l’ordre public sont deux obligations de même valeur juridique qui incombent à l’administration et qui peuvent se neutraliser, le respect de l’une pouvant conduire à la violation de l’autre. Dans une telle hypothèse, l’Administration doit procéder à l’établissement d’un bilan négatif. Pour autant, la jurisprudence récente semble aller dans le sens d’un renforcement de l’obligation d’exécution des décisions de justice, de sorte que le nécessaire respect de l’ordre public ne puisse plus justifier l’inexécution de la chose jugée. Plus encore, la réalité même de ce conflit s’agissant des décisions du juge administratif demeure relativement faible. D’une part en effet, l’ordre public constitue un obstacle dont le champ d’application est limité, puisqu’entendu dans l’acception qui est la sienne en matière de police, il n’a vocation à jouer que dans les hypothèses où le concours de la force publique est nécessaire à l’exécution de la chose jugée. D’autre part, sur le plan de la responsabilité de l’État, il n’influence plus le sort des demandes d’indemnité en cas d’inexécution de la décision juridictionnelle : en tout état de cause, le justiciable a droit à réparation. Aussi les limites à l’exécution des décisions du juge administratif peuvent-elles, peut–être, être recherchées dans d’autres considérations juridiques telles que la sécurité juridique. Mais elles influencent alors sans doute davantage le contenu même de la décision juridictionnelle que son exécution.
La résurgence des interrogations relatives à la représentativité des élus lors de la campagne présidentielle de 2017
Authors: Moine André
Published: January 2018

Au vu de fréquents propos de campagnes électorales, les élus souffriraient d’un déficit de représentativité. Ils ne ressembleraient pas au peuple qu’ils représentent et appartiendraient un cercle fermé. Il faudrait donc ouvrir ce cercle, rendre les sphères politique et populaire perméables, avec l’objectif qu’au sein des assemblées parlementaires les élus soient à l’image de leurs électeurs. Les programmes des candidats à l’élection présidentielle de 2017 renseignent sur les défauts de représentativité qu’ils identifient et offrent un éventail des propositions institutionnelles tentant d’y remédier. Visant principalement la composition de l’Assemblée nationale, ce souhait de représentativité s’appuie sur la nécessité qu’une assemblée d’élus soit représentative c’est-à-dire qu’elle comprenne en son sein les différentes composantes apparentes de la société. S’ajoute à cette ambition, la volonté d’une représentation de la société civile entendue comme distincte d’une société politique qui serait professionnalisée. Les remèdes proposés par les candidats à l’élection présidentielle sont principalement le recours à la représentation proportionnelle, au moins en partie, et au non cumul des mandats, simultanés ou successifs, et dans une moindre mesure l’instauration de quotas, du tirage au sort ou d’une assemblée représentant la société civile. Cependant l’acceptation d’une certaine représentativité des élus affecte la représentation et donc fragilise le régime représentatif auquel adhèrent au moins tacitement les électeurs. La nécessaire unité d’un État et la diversité de sa population imposent un aménagement institutionnel délicat. En effet, le principe de la démocratie représentative conduit à ignorer constitutionnellement la diversité sociale et les communautés infra nationales. Ceci pour des raisons liées au principe même de la représentation, qui suppose que l’élu soit l’élu de la nation sans égard à ses particularités sociales, professionnelles, culturelles, sexuelles, linguistiques, religieuses, communautaires, géographiques ou autres. Également, du fait du caractère finalement vain (la décomposition de la société est un exercice infini) ou risqué (une communautarisation de la société peut en résulter) de la recherche d’une institutionnalisation de la représentativité des élus nationaux. De plus, l’électeur préfère sans doute promouvoir à l’assemblée davantage des idées politiques que l’individu qui les incarne.
Lancement des projets de système de gestion intégré : quelles trajectoires d’alignement stratégique pour les PME ?
Authors: Deltour François , Mourrain André
Published: January 2018

Mettre en place un système de gestion intégré (SGI) constitue une décision stratégique pour toute entreprise, notamment les PME. La notion de co-alignement issue des travaux sur l’alignement stratégique permet de formaliser les motivations et le cheminement à parcourir par les PME lors du choix de leur SGI. Sur la base de quatorze études de cas, l’article met en évidence quatre trajectoires de co-alignement reposant sur l’écart entre le profil initial de la PME et son profil visé au terme du projet d’intégration. Ces quatre trajectoires permettent de mieux comprendre les enjeux organisationnels et de système d’information associés aux projets SGI.
Les lectures en management des cadres selon le niveau hiérarchique : le cas du groupe industriel Legrand (CAC 40)
Authors: Mathé Jean-Charles , Pasquet Philippe , Sauviat Isabelle
Published: January 2018

La finalité scientifique des sciences de gestion est un débat qui revêt une importance accrue avec les référentiels scientifiques des publications. Les lectures en management et les attentes circonstanciées de ces lectures, sont l’objet d’une investigation auprès d’un groupe du CAC 40. S’il n’est pas observé de différences significatives concernant le niveau hiérarchique, et que tous lisent globalement peu en la matière, certaines attentes sont clairement exprimées.