bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dinamika Pasar Modal Syariah: Analisis Pergerakan Saham Dalam Konteks Ekonomi Global
Authors: Sulistiani Sepvira  , Daffa Aura Nailah Arienanda  , Yestri Laila Romadona  , Nia Sahbellah  , Raden Triba Isra Kusuma
Published: December 2024

The Islamic capital market is an important sector in the global economy, offering investment alternatives with sharia principles. Stock movements in the Islamic capital market are influenced by various factors, both internal and external, including global economic conditions. This article aims to analyze the dynamics of the Islamic capital market with a focus on stock movements and the factors that influence them in the context of the global economy. The method used is qualitative analysis with literature and case study approaches. The results of the analysis show that the Islamic capital market can be affected by global market fluctuations, but has resilience to factors related to usury, speculation, and uncertainty. In conclusion, despite the challenges, the Islamic capital market still shows significant growth potential, especially in countries with large Muslim populations.
 
ABSTRAK
Pasar modal syariah merupakan sektor penting dalam ekonomi global, yang menawarkan alternatif investasi dengan prinsip-prinsip syariah. Pergerakan saham di pasar modal syariah dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, baik internal maupun eksternal, termasuk kondisi ekonomi global. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dinamika pasar modal syariah dengan fokus pada pergerakan saham dan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhinya dalam konteks ekonomi global. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis kualitatif dengan pendekatan literatur dan studi kasus. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa pasar modal syariah dapat dipengaruhi oleh fluktuasi pasar global, namun memiliki ketahanan terhadap faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan riba, spekulasi, dan ketidakpastian. Sebagai kesimpulan, meskipun menghadapi tantangan, pasar modal syariah tetap menunjukkan potensi pertumbuhan yang signifikan, terutama di negara-negara dengan populasi Muslim yang besar.
Towards A More Sustainable Existential Paradigm of De-growth and De-development to be Established in Our Modern World
Authors: Kerçin Dündar , Demir Mehmet Şirin
Published: December 2024

In the past couple of centuries, the individual and social ontologies have become negatively affected on a multi-dimensional scale by the anti-environmentalist, anti-ecologist, anti-humanistic paradigms of the Industrial Revolution, giving way to a problematic as well as counterproductive zeitgeist or conjuncture, redundant productionism, metropolitan expansionism and over—consumerism characterized by ontological disintegrations, existentialist crises exacerbated by ecological, mayhems and environmental catastrophes as well as degraded ecosystems experienced on a gradual basis. The focus of our study, therefore, has been to investigate the multi-dimensional and multi-layered effects of over-industrialization processes on the natural environment and the factors that have led to the construction of cities in a manner that is contrary to all kinds of civilizational development, ignoring the ontological well-being paradigms of humanity, and to evaluate the hitherto ignored multi-faceted effects and consequences of such over-industrial and over-developmentalist paradigms and conjunctures in all areas of social, individual, public and educational life, inspired by conceptual and mixed methodologies. Based on the aforementioned particularities of the global conjuncture, our study, which was inspired by mixed methodological postulates and quantitatively adopted research approaches, was conducted in an attempt to highlight the aforementioned negative impacts of industrial civilization and bring up a reinforced and a reiterated critical discourse-analysis of the problematic paradigms of this kind of lifestyle, in order to make a contribution to cultivating a collective awareness for a holistic well-being to be established on the part of humanity in each and every nook of the modern world, chief among them the educational institutions.
Müze Deneyim Kalitesinin, Algılanan Fayda ve Tekrar Ziyaret Etme Niyetine Etkisi: Müze Ziyaretçilerine Yönelik Bir Araştırma
Authors: Arslan Kalay Hacer , Kalay Faruk , Aydınay Gökhan
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı deneyim kalitesi, algılanan fayda ve tekrar ziyaret etme niyeti arasındaki ilişkileri incelemektir. Deneyim kalitesi boyutu öğrenme arzusu, kaçış duygusu ve eğlence olmak üzere 3 alt boyut olarak ele alınmıştır. Algılanan fayda boyutu kişisel gelişim, topluluğa bağlılık, kültürel farkındalık, yenilenme ve aile bağlarını güçlendirme olmak üzere 5 alt boyut olarak ele alınmıştır. Çalışma 386 müze ziyaretçisinden elde edilen verilerle yapısal eşitlik modellemesi kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analizler sonucunda deneyim kalitesi boyutlarından öğrenme arzusunun algılanan fayda boyutları olan kişisel gelişim, topluluğa bağlılık, kültürel farkındalık, yenilenme ve aile bağlarını güçlendirme üzerinde anlamlı bir etkiye sahip olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Deneyim kalitesi boyutlarından kaçış duygusunun algılanan fayda boyutları olan kişisel gelişim, topluluğa bağlılık, kültürel farkındalık, yenilenme ve aile bağlarını güçlendirme üzerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ve pozitif bir etkisi tespit edilmiştir. Deneyim kalitesi boyutlarından eğlence boyutunun algılanan fayda boyutlarından topluluğa bağlılık, kültürel farkındalık, yenilenme ve aile bağlarını güçlendirme üzerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ve pozitif bir etkisi tespit edilmişken, kişisel gelişim üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisi tespit edilememiştir. Algılanan fayda boyutlarından kişisel gelişim ve topluluğa bağlılık boyutlarının tekrar ziyaret etme niyeti üzerinde anlamlı ve pozitif bir etkisi tespit edilmişken, kültürel farkındalık, yenilenme ve aile bağlarını güçlendirmenin tekrar ziyaret etme niyeti üzerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir etkisi tespit edilememiştir. Deneyim kalitesi boyutları olan eğlence, kaçış duygusu ve öğrenme arzusunun tekrar ziyaret etme niyeti üzerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir etkisi tespit edilememiştir.
Türk Halk Kültüründe Taşlarla İlgili Atasözleri ve Deyimler
Authors: Solmaz Mustafa
Published: December 2024

Atasözleri ve deyimler; bir toplumun yaşam biçimini, anlayışını, zekâsını, düşüncesini, sevincini, korkusunu, toplumsal bilinçaltında yatanları dışa vuran, kültürün gelecek nesillere aktarım araçlarından olan, halka mal olmuş ve kalıplaşmış ifadelerdir. Milletlerin en önemli dil ve kültür hazinelerinden olan bu sözler, toplumların gündelik yaşamları içerisinde karşılaştıkları olayları az sözle çok anlam içeren yargılarla ifade ettikleri biçimlerdir. Öğretici ve ders verici nitelikte olmalarının yanında işlek olmalarından dolayı akılda kalıcılıkları, gelecek nesillere aktarılma özellikleri varlıklarını kuşaklar boyu sürdürmelerinin en başta gelen nedenlerindendir. Neredeyse her nesneyle ilgili atasözü ve deyimin bulunması Türk dilinin zenginliğini ortaya koyması, göstermesi açısından önemlidir. Türk kültür birikimini ve değerlerini taşıyan atasözü ve deyimler, farklı bölgelerde değişik sözcüklerle ifade edilebilir. Her ikisi de söz kalıbı olmasına rağmen deyimler çoğunlukla, ilk kullanımından itibaren dile kolayca yerleşebilirken, atasözleri; deneyimler sonucu elde edilen bilgiler olan yol göstermek, öğüt vermek, ibret alınması için gerçekleri bildirmek gibi amaçlar taşıdığından dile yerleşmesi ve ortak kullanıma girmesi deyimlere göre daha geç olur. Halk edebiyatı ürünleri içerisinde yer alan, toplumun kültürel yanlarını yansıtan ürünlerden olan bu sözler, her yeni dönemdeki durum ve oluşlar karşısında kendilerini güncelleyip zamanın ruhuna uygun olarak yenilerini ortaya çıkarırlar. Küçük ve basit bir kurguyla ortaya konan bu kalıp sözler, göründüklerinin aksine anlamca çok büyük ve derin bir yer kaplarlar. Makalemizde; güncelliklerini kaybetmeden sürekli yenileri eklenen, türkü, masal, mit gibi metaforik türlerin en basiti olmasına rağmen sosyal bir amacı ve görevi de olan, Türklerin sosyal ve kültürel gelişmelerinin izlerinin bulunduğu atasözü ve deyimlerden taş sözcüğünün hem mecaz hem de gerçek anlamları kullanılanlar çalışma konumuza dahil edilmiş, atasözü ve deyim çalışmalarına katkı sağlayacağı öngörülmüştür.
5. Sınıf “İnsan ve Çevre” Ünitesinde Eğitsel Oyun Destekli Etkinliklerin Öğrencilerin Akademik Başarılarına ve Çevresel Tutumlarına Etkisi
Authors: Erenler Seher , Uzun Naim
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı, 5.sınıf “İnsan ve Çevre” ünitesinde eğitsel oyun etkinliklerinin öğrencilerin akademik başarılarına ve çevreye yönelik tutumlarına etkisini araştırmaktır. Çalışma grubunu; 2023-2024 eğitim-öğretim yılı bahar döneminde, Ankara’nın Şereflikoçhisar İlçesinde öğrenim gören 50 ortaokul öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma modeli olarak, ön test- son test kontrol gruplu deneysel desen kullanılmıştır. Araştırma için, 5.sınıf fen bilimleri dersi öğretim programında yer alan “İnsan ve Çevre” ünitesi seçilmiş ve tasarlanan eğitsel oyun etkinlikleri beş hafta süre ile deney grubunda uygulanırken kontrol grubunda mevcut öğretim programı ile devam edilmiştir. Araştırma verileri “İnsan ve Çevre” ünitesine yönelik hazırlanmış “Çevre Başarı Testi” ve çevre tutumuna yönelik “Çevresel Tutum Ölçeği” kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Çalışma sonunda elde edilen verilerin çözümlenmesi için SPSS 22 programı kullanılmıştır. Çalışma gruplarının ön test ve son testten aldıkları puan ortalamalarının farklılaşma düzeyini belirlemek amacıyla; Betimsel İstatistikler, Bağımlı ve Bağımsız Gruplar t-testi, Wilcoxon İşaretli Sıralar Testi ve Mann Whitney U Testi kullanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, deney grubu öğrencilerinin başarı puanlarında anlamlı bir farklılaşma olduğu görülmüştür. Diğer yandan, deney grubu öğrencilerin çevresel davranış ve duygu boyutu puanları ile çevresel tutum puanında son test lehine anlamlı farklılık tespit edilmiş, çevresel düşünce boyutunda ise anlamlı bir farklılık görülmemiştir. Kontrol grubunda ise, ön test- son test puanları arasındaki ortalama farkları anlamlı olarak değerlendirilmemiştir. Çalışma sonuçlarına dayanarak bazı öneriler sunulmuştur.
Epidemiological Trends in Hidradenitis Suppurativa Incidence: Insights into Sex, Race, and Age-Based Patterns over a Decade
Authors: Basharat Rehman , Buyukbayraktar Ahmet Burak , Kazakov Abigail
Published: December 2024

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder characterized by recurrent nodules, abscesses, sinus tracts, and scarring, primarily affecting intertriginous areas. Despite its significant physical and psychosocial burden, HS remains underdiagnosed, and its temporal trends in incidence have not been comprehensively studied. This population-based study analyzed trends in HS incidence over a 10-year period (2014–2023) using the TriNetX electronic health record database, including individuals aged 0–84 years across the United States.
Annual incidence rates were calculated and stratified by sex, race, and age group to identify temporal patterns and demographic disparities. Overall, HS incidence demonstrated a consistent upward trend, increasing from 0.047% in 2014 to 0.109% in 2023, despite annual fluctuations. The incidence was persistently higher in females compared to males, with females exhibiting rates up to 2.5 times greater throughout the study period. Racial disparities were evident, as African Americans experienced significantly higher incidence rates than Caucasians and Asians. Age-based analysis revealed the highest incidence among adolescents and young adults aged 10–34 years, with a sharp increase in the 10–14 years group post-2020, while rates remained low in older adults and children under 10 years.
These findings highlight a rising burden of HS, particularly among females, African Americans, and younger populations. The study underscores the need for increased awareness, earlier diagnosis, and targeted interventions to address healthcare disparities and improve outcomes in high-risk groups. Continued research into the biological and systemic factors driving these trends is essential.
Pelatihan Pembinaan Mental dan Spiritual untuk Meningkatkan Karakter Positif Warga Binaan di Lapas 1 Tangerang Banten
Authors: Sudibyo Tjandra Daniel
Published: December 2024

Pembinaan mental dan spiritual merupakan aspek penting dalam proses rehabilitasi warga binaan di lembaga pemasyarakatan. Program Pelatihan Pembinaan Mental dan Spiritual untuk Meningkatkan Karakter Positif Warga Binaan di Lapas Kelas 1 Tangerang, Banten bertujuan untuk mengembangkan nilai-nilai moral, kecerdasan emosional, dan spiritualitas guna membentuk karakter positif yang mendukung reintegrasi sosial. Kegiatan ini dirancang secara komprehensif dengan melibatkan pelatihan kecerdasan emosional, refleksi spiritual, penguatan nilai-nilai kehidupan, dan pendampingan pasca-pelatihan. Metode pelaksanaan program mencakup pendekatan partisipatif melalui diskusi, simulasi, dan pelatihan interaktif yang disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan warga binaan. Evaluasi program dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan umpan balik dari peserta serta petugas lapas. Hasil yang diharapkan adalah peningkatan pemahaman, sikap, dan perilaku positif warga binaan yang dapat mendukung pembentukan lingkungan lapas yang lebih harmonis sekaligus mempersiapkan mereka menjadi individu yang produktif dan berkarakter di masyarakat setelah menjalani masa hukuman.
Barriers to the Women’s Participation in Politics: A Comparative Study of Districts Kech and Khuzdar, Balochistan
Authors: Basheer Shabana , Khan Gulawar , Jan Amir
Published: December 2024

The study is from a feminist perspective, with a qualitative case study approach, explores several barriers that limit women's participation in politics in Districts Kech and Khuzdar, Balochistan. An in-depth qualitative research approach was used with thematic analysis to identify women's obstacles in said districts. Primary data was collected from 30 respondents, 15 from each district, using semi-structured interviews. The study emphasizes the importance of identifying and removing these barriers to promote gender equality and increase women's political participation. The research article also guides decision-makers, women's organizations and activists working to improve women's political participation in Districts Kech and Khuzdar.
Exploring the Mediating Role of Operational Capabilities in the Relationship Between Digital Transformation and Firm Performance in SMEs
Authors: Zahir Shazia , Bibi Ambareen
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the impact of digital transformation on firm performance in small and medium enterprises (SMEs), with the mediating role of operational capabilities. Data is collected through a structured questionnaire from managers and employees of SMEs in Islamabad and Rawalpindi. The hypothesised relationship among the variables is validated through PLS-SEM using SmartPLS. The findings revealed that digital transformation has a significant effect on firm performance. Further, it is also revealed that operational capabilities significantly mediate the relationship between digital transformation and firm performance. These findings highlight the importance of operational capabilities and digital transformation for enhancing firm performance, providing valuable insights for managers, leaders, and SMEs. This research advances the existing literature by integrating digital transformation and operational capabilities, offering a novel perspective on their combined effects on SME performance.
Impact of Financial Liberalization and Trade Intensity on Economic Growth in South Asian Countries: A Panel ARDL Approach
Authors: Javeid Umer , Akhtar Munazza , Zainab Rida
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the impact of financial liberalization and trade intensity on economic growth in selected South Asian countries—Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka—using panel data from 2000 to 2019. The selection of these countries is due to the availability of reliable data from the World Development Indicators (WDI) Database. Trade intensity equals the ratio of total trade (imports and exports) to GDP, while financial liberalization is through interest rates. The analysis employed Kao co-integration, unit root tests, cross-sectional dependence, slope heterogeneity, causality and the ARDL model to evaluate short- and long-term relationships. GDP growth and financial liberalization are stationary at this level. The trade intensity is stationary at first difference. According to Dumitrescu-Hurlin, financial liberalization does cause trade intensity. The panel ARDL results suggest that financial liberalization and trade intensity negatively and positively influence economic growth.
KAMU GÜVENLİĞİ: KALABALIK YÖNETİMİ AÇISINDAN BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: Kara Burak , Çamur Ömer
Published: December 2024

Kamu güvenliği, insanların huzur içerisinde yaşamaları için gerekli olan temel unsurdur. Kamu güvenliğinin bozulduğu durumlarda insanların günlük yaşam aktivitelerini gerçekleştirmeleri, güvenliklerini sağlamaları ve bir arada yaşamaları mümkün değildir. Kamu güvenliğinin sağlanması insanların ekonomik refahlarının, eğitim, sağlık, siyasal ve demokratik özgürlüklerinin garanti altına alınması ile mümkündür. Günümüzde kalabalıklar içerisinde yaşayan insanların haklarının garanti altına alınmasının önemli bir bileşenini kalabalık yönetimi oluşturmaktadır. Kalabalık yönetimi, kalabalık grupların kontrol altında tutulmasını, insanların belirli yer veya mekânlardaki hareketlerinin, davranışlarının ve faaliyetlerinin düzenlenmesini ve güvenli yaşam alanlarının inşa edilmesini ifade etmektedir. Başarılı bir kalabalık yönetimi kamu güvenliğinin sağlanması ve insanların yaşamlarını güvenli ortamlarda sürdürebilmelerinin önemli bir koşuludur. Kamu güvenliği ve kalabalık yönetimi ilişkisinin incelendiği bu çalışmada öncelikle güvenlik, kamu güvenliği ve kalabalık yönetimi açıklanacaktır. Çalışmanın devamında ise kamu güvenliği ve kalabalık yönetimi ilişkisi temelinde kalabalık yönetiminde dikkat edilmesi gereken hususlar tartışılacaktır.
Estimating the Impacts of Climate Change on Fiscal Health in the Philippines: Designing a Policy toward a Climate-Resilient Fiscal Sector
Authors: Rivera John Paolo , Miral Ramona Maria , Ruiz Mark Gerald
Published: December 2024

This paper explores the fiscal impacts of climate-related phenomena in the Philippines and policy recommendations for creating a climate-resilient economy. A three-pronged empirical approach (i.e., time series, panel data, and cross-section analyses) was employed to examine the nuanced interplay of climate shocks, fiscal health, and economic sustainability. Time series analysis highlighted how structural vulnerabilities, reliance on climate-sensitive sectors, and socio-economic inequalities exacerbate long-term scarring effects on growth. Panel data analysis emphasized the acute impact of temperature on government consumption expenditure, contrasting with the mixed fiscal effects of rainfall and storms, which are influenced by mitigation measures and fiscal structures. Cross-section analysis further elucidated how the fiscal resilience of local government units depends on external revenues, pre-allocated funds, and disaster severity. Findings revealed the need for region-specific fiscal responses, diverging from established scholarly literature due to the Philippines’ decentralized disaster management and reliance on local institutions. Policy recommendations include establishing a climate resilience fund, integrating climate-responsive budgeting, reinforcing risk transfer mechanisms, incentivizing green investments, and empowering local governments to manage adaptation funds. Additionally, investing in climate research, data-driven decision-making, and public awareness campaigns is critical. Aligning climate finance with long-term development plans and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development ensures that resilience is embedded within the broader development strategy. These steps aim to prepare the Philippines for climate-induced risks while fostering sustainable growth, mitigating fiscal shocks, and ensuring economic stability.
Readiness for AI Adoption of Philippine Business and Industry: The Government's Role in Fostering Innovation- and AI-Driven Industrial Development
Authors: Quimba Francis Mark , Moreno Neil Irwin , Salazar Alliah Mae
Published: December 2024

This paper examines the current state of artificial intelligence (AI) adoption in Philippine businesses and industries, analyzing the barriers to adoption and evaluating the government's role in fostering AI-driven industrial development. Through an analysis of various AI readiness indices and case studies, the research finds that while basic digital infrastructure is widespread, with 90.8 percent of establishments having computers and 81 percent having internet access, advanced technology adoption remains limited. Only 14.9 percent of firms use AI technologies, with adoption concentrated in urban areas and larger firms, particularly in the ICT and BPO sectors. The study identifies key barriers including limited digital infrastructure, low awareness of AI technologies, significant skills gaps, and insufficient funding opportunities. Drawing from economic theory and international case studies, the paper outlines three critical domains for government intervention: market facilitation, capability building, and ecosystem coordination. The research proposes policy recommendations focusing on infrastructure development, human capital development, regulatory frameworks, public-private partnerships, and ethical guidelines. These recommendations emphasize the need for coordinated action across government agencies, substantial investment in digital infrastructure and education, and the establishment of clear governance frameworks to ensure responsible AI adoption while fostering innovation and competitiveness in the Philippine business sector.
Measuring Poverty within Filipino Households: Examining of Resource Sharing and Economies of Scale
Authors: Albert Jose Ramon , Bayudan-Dacuycuy Connie , Angeles-Agdeppa Imelda , Punongbayan Jan Carlo , Cabalfin Deanne Lorraine , Vargas Anna Rita , Duante Charmaine , Ferrer Eldridge , Fernandez-Patalen Chona ,   Philippine Institute for Development Studies
Published: December 2024

The Philippine government's long-term vision, AmBisyon Natin 2040, aims for a prosperous, predominantly middle-class society where no one is poor. The Philippine Development Plan 2023-2028 emphasizes strategies to develop and protect individual and family capabilities by reducing vulnerabilities and strengthening social protection. While official poverty statistics indicate progress in poverty reduction at the aggregate level, with poverty incidence declining to 16.4 percent in the first semester of 2023, standard measurement approaches may mask significant inequalities in resource allocation within households. This study examines household resource sharing in the Philippines using a collective household model to construct poverty indices that complement official poverty statistics. Using data from the Family Income and Expenditures Survey, we estimate Engel curves for different demographic groups based on assignable good expenditures, including clothing, cereals, and protein-rich foods. We also analyze individual-level food consumption data from the National Nutrition Survey to estimate food poverty using caloric intake. Our findings reveal substantial gender and age-based disparities in resource allocation, with particularly concerning implications for women and children in vulnerable household types. Child poverty rates under our methodology are up to twice as high as suggested by standard measures, while women consistently show higher poverty rates than men, especially in rural areas. Analysis across basic sectors reveals varying patterns of intra-household inequality, with farmers and fisherfolk showing particularly complex disparities between clothing-based and food-based poverty measures. While official statistics show poverty rates of 30.0% for farmers and 30.6% for fisherfolk, our adjusted estimates suggest significant variations in poverty rates depending on the choice of assignable good, indicating that standard approaches may misunderstand both the extent and nature of poverty among vulnerable groups. These results suggest the need for more nuanced, sector-sensitive approaches to both poverty measurement and social protection policies that explicitly consider intra-household inequality patterns across different basic sectors.
中国传统观念的复杂性—以“亲亲”和“土地”为例
Authors:   Academic Frontiers Publishing Group, HE Ruilin
Published: December 2024

研究观念史存在着一种陷阱，由于同一观念可以被多种形式所表达，研究者容易只针对某一种或几种形式，而忽视了其他形式下这一观念的不同含义，从而在解释时出现以偏概全的误读。如“亲亲”这一观念，当行为的主体扮演不同的角色时，其行动的准则也是不同的。又如先秦的土地观，若仅仅研究“土”与“地”二字，是无法体察到，在“社”的形式下，土地所具有的神圣性及人们对土地的感激之情。因此，学者在研究某一观念时，应注意同一观念的多样化表达，意识到其内在的复杂性。
少数民族文化与罪刑法定
Authors:   Academic Frontiers Publishing Group, Hu Yang
Published: December 2024

本研究旨在探讨少数民族承担刑事责任的宽缓化政策与刑法面前人人平等原则的法理关系和适用方法。通过文献资料分析法和案例分析法，结合法律规定，揭示少数民族文化和刑法原则的辩证关系。研究发现，少数民族地区的刑法变通不违反罪刑法定和法律面前人人平等原则。在此基础上，研究提出了进一步协调少数民族文化习俗与犯罪处罚范围的建议，包括对基于习俗实施的身体伤害行为调低刑罚配置，限制暴力干涉婚姻自由罪的处罚，以推动刑事法治进一步完善。这些发现对于深化理解刑法变通规则，促进少数民族刑事责任分配的公平性和科学性具有重要意义。
消释的仙界—论汉唐墓葬壁画升仙题材的递减现象与现世精神
Authors:   Academic Frontiers Publishing Group, ZHOU Haina
Published: December 2024

古代墓葬壁画内容反映了当时人们的生死观念。本研究的主要任务即通过分析中古墓葬壁画中的升仙内容揭示古人生死观的演化轨迹。文章首次统计了截至2009 年所有出土汉唐墓葬壁画中升仙类题材的总体情况，发现了其中升仙题材逐代大幅递减而日常生活类题材却一直占据绝大多数这一现象；指出学杂谶纬的汉学、汉晋之际乱世生命的自省、道教清整运动后人们对仙界与鬼魂观念的两重疏离以及佛教地狱观念带来的道德压力等等，皆是导致汉唐墓葬壁画中升仙类题材前盛后衰的原因；同时论证并强调了“汉唐之间的生死观由汉魏时期追求神仙世界逐渐变而为关注现实生活这一过程凸显了一种强烈的现世精神”这一结论。
บันทึกการเดินทางของอ็องรี มูโอต์: ประวัติศาสตร์ธรรมชาติ การเดินทางสำรวจ และภาษาของจักรวรรดิ
Authors: พรหมพยัคฆ์ ชนิดา
Published: December 2024

บทความวิจัยเรื่องนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาบันทึกการเดินทางเพื่อการสำรวจทางวิทยาศาสตร์ในเขตบริเวณดินแดนตอนในของสยาม กัมพูชา และลาวของนักสำรวจชาวฝรั่งเศส อ็องรี มูโอต์ โดยเป็นการศึกษาในเชิงประวัติศาสตร์ บทความมีข้อเสนอว่าการขยายตัวของการศึกษาประวัติศาสตร์ธรรมชาติในคริสต์ศตวรรษที่ 18 ทำให้เกิดการเดินทางในรูปแบบใหม่ที่มีเป้าหมายเพื่อวิทยาศาสตร์โดยตรง และทำให้ อองรี มูโอต์ได้ทุนสำหรับโครงการสำรวจตอนในของสยาม กัมพูชา และลาว ซึ่งเป็นการสำรวจเพื่อศึกษาสภาพภูมิศาสตร์ ทรัพยากร และผู้คนในดินแดนตอนใน รวมทั้งเก็บรวบรวมตัวอย่างพันธุ์พืชและพันธุ์สัตว์เพื่อส่งให้กับสมาคมผู้ให้ทุนสนับสนุน ในขณะที่บันทึกการเดินทางของมูโอต์ ซึ่งสัมพันธ์กับโครงการประวัติศาสตร์ธรรมชาติของยุโรป นำเสนอการมีอำนาจของยุโรปเหนือดินแดนอื่น ๆ ของโลกในเชิงความมีมนุษยธรรมที่บริสุทธิไร้ความผิด แทนที่การเข้าพิชิตยึดครองโดยใช้ความรุนแรง ซึ่งถูกทำให้ไร้ความชอบธรรมหลังการปฏิวัติฝรั่งเศส
EMOTIONAL LANGUAGE PERCEPTION AND EXPRESSION IN A FOREIGN LANGUAGE AND ITS IMPORTANCE IN LANGUAGE EDUCATION
Authors: Ruzmetova Zilola
Published: December 2024

Emotions play a crucial role in our lives, and language is a means to enable the perception and expression of emotions. This article investigates the relevant literature and considers ways to increase the involvement of emotions in the language classroom. In light of the evidence obtained in the literature, it is time to consider the role of neurolinguistic and psycholinguistic data in the design and implementation of teaching programs, which focus on the linguistic features of the target language, thus leaving almost no place for emotional language in the classroom.
O‘ZBЕKISTON SSR XALQ SUDLARINING SHAKLLANISHI TARIXIDAN (XX asrning 30-yillari misolida)
Authors: Komolov Dilshod
Published: December 2024

Thе articlе analyzеs thе activitiеs of thе pеoplе’s courts of thе Uzbеk SSR in thе 1930s. In particular, basеd on thе analysis of archival documеnts and sciеntific litеraturе, such issuеs as profеssional potеntial, еducation, national composition, еconomically wеak position of judgеs, lack of sufficiеnt conditions for conducting work arе clarifiеd.
“INSON KAPITALI” TUSHUNCHASIGA DOIR TADQIQOTLAR TAHLILI: MUAMMO VA YECHIMLAR
Authors: Saidkulov Nuriddin
Published: December 2024

This article deals with some considerations on the concept of “human capital”. In addition, the article “Who is a person?”, “What is the purpose of a person in life?”, “What aspects should be considered for the development of human capital?” - the answers to the questions and the results and analysis of the survey on the concept of “human capital”.
O‘ZBЕKISTON TЕMIR YO‘LLARI KASABA UYUSHMASI FAOLIYATIGA NAZAR
Authors: Daripov Shahobiddin
Published: December 2024

In ordеr to sее thе nеw Uzbеkistan as a country with a nеw dеmocratic imagе, which has complеtеly changеd thе political, social and еconomic rеlations in thе lifе of our sociеty, it is thе nееd of thе hour to dеvеlop thе railway systеm as wеll as all thе branchеs of industry. All opportunitiеs arе bеing crеatеd for furthеr dеvеlopmеnt of this fiеld. This articlе talks about thе branch tradе union “Uzbеkistan Railways” JSC and thеir activitiеs.
Jerusalem, Giv‘at Sha’ul
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Landes-Nagar Annette
Published: December 2024

During July 2007, a trial excavation was conducted on Ketav Sofer Street
in the Giv'at Sha'ul neighborhood of Jerusalem (Permit No. A- 5185; map ref.
NIG 21858/63325; OIG 16858/13325), prior to the construction of a
residential building. The excavation, on behalf of the Israel Antiquities
Authority, was directed by A. Nagar, with the assistance of R. Abu Halaf
(administration), M. Kipnis (surveying and drafting), T. Sagiv (field
photography) and E. Belashov (final plans).
Jerusalem, Development Survey in Naḥal Darga
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Barda Leticia ,   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Dagan Yehuda
Published: December 2024

During June 2006, a survey was conducted in Nahal Darga in Jerusalem
(Permit No. A-4817; map ref. NIG 2196-210/6262-70; OIG 1696-710/1262-70),
prior to paving a street. The survey was conducted by Y. Dagan (photography)
and L. Barda (GPS), on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority.
Jerusalem, Survey of Giv‘at Massu’a
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Barda Leticia ,   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Barzilai Omry ,   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Pasternak Ira
Published: December 2024

During January 2007 a survey prior to development was conducted on the
slopes of Giv'at Massu'a in Jerusalem (Permit No. A-5022; map ref. NIG
21560-680/62800-880; OIG 16560-680/12800-880). The survey, undertaken on
behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and financed by the Ehud Tayyar
Company, was directed by O. Barzilay, L. Barda and I. Pasternak.
Yafo, Clock-Tower Square
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Peilstöcker Martin
Published: December 2024

During January-March 2005, three seasons of salvage excavations (Areas
I and II) and during July-August 2005, another salvage excavation (Area III)
were conducted at the Clock-Tower square in Yafo (Jaffa; Permit No. A-4312;
map ref. NIG 17695-723/6624-27; OIG12695-723/1624-27), prior to renovations
in the area and in continuation of the archaeological investigation of the
flea-market compound (HA-ESI 118; HA-ESI 120), whose completion required the
excavation of three additional squares. The excavations, undertaken on
behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and funded by the Tel Aviv
municipality (Ha-Mishlama Le-Yafo), were directed by M. Peilstöcker, with
the assistance of L. Rauchberger, A. Glick, R. Haim (area supervision), E.
Cohen, O. Burstein, R. Ben-Ezra (find registration), S. Ya'aqov-Jam
(administration), V. Essman and V. Pirsky (surveying), T. Sagiv (field
photography), Y. Nagar (physical anthropology), A. Peretz (conservation and
preservation) and M. Ajami and D. Barkan (IAA Tel Aviv District). Additional
assistance was provided by T. Shaham (director of the Jaffa Museum of
Antiquities) and A. Yoseph, who worked with the late Y. Kaplan in Yafo and
contributed important information about the former unpublished excavations
in the area.
Giv‘at Rabbi (East), Survey
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Khalaily Hamudi ,   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Marder Ofer
Published: December 2024

During October 2006, a survey prior to development was conducted in the
eastern part of Giv'at Rabbi (Jebel al-'Ayin; Permit No. A-4921; map ref.
NIG 2260-70/7366-72; OIG 1760-70/2366-72), where the Nazareth industrial
zone is slated to be built. The survey, undertaken on behalf of the Israel
Antiquities Authority and financed by the Government Development Company,
was directed by H. Khalaily and O. Marder, with the assistance of S. Golan
and O. Barzilai (field survey) and A. Shapiro (surveying).
Netanya, Pardes Ha-Gedud
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Nagorsky Alla
Published: December 2024

During September 2000 a salvage excavation was conducted in a burial
cave north of Netanya (Permit No. A-3288*; map ref. NIG 1876-80/6941-6; OIG
1376-80/1941-6), which was damaged by development work. The excavation, on
behalf of the Antiquities Authority, was directed by A. Nagorsky, with the
assistance of R. Badhi, H. Dangor (administration), V. Pirsky (surveying),
N. Zak (drafting) and D.T. Ariel (numismatics).
Naḥal ḥaẓerim, Survey
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Aladjem Emil
Published: December 2024

During July 2006, an archaeological survey was conducted northeast of
Nahal Hazerim (Permit No. A-4868; map ref. NIG 17510-30/57280-320; OIG
12510-30/07280-320), prior to preparing the ground for development. The
survey, undertaken on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and
underwritten by the Jewish National Fund, was directed by E. Aladjem,
assisted by S. Gal (GPS).
Ashqelon
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Nahshoni Pirhiya
Published: December 2024

During November-December 2005, a salvage excavation was conducted in
Ashqelon (Permit No. A-4641; map ref. NIG 16043/61986; OIG 11043/11986). The
excavation, undertaken on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and
underwritten by the Aharoni Brothers Company, was directed by P. Nahshoni,
with the assistance of H. Lavi (administration), V. Pirsky and V. Essman
(surveying and drafting), Y. Nagar (physical anthropology), Y. Bukengolts
(pottery restoration), C. Hersch (drawing), Y. Gorin-Rosen (glass) and Y.
Huster.
‘En Ziwan, Survey
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Zingboym Oren
Published: December 2024

During August-September 2007, a survey prior to development was
conducted west of Qibbuz 'En Ziwan (Permit No. A-5209; map ref. NIG
27295-332/77817-70; OIG 22295-332/27817-70), prior to the allocation of land
for an orchard. The survey, undertaken on behalf of the Israel Antiquities
Authority and underwritten by Moshav Keshet, was directed by O. Zingboym and
A. Shapiro.
En Gedi
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Hadas Gideon
Published: December 2024

During a walk along the coast of the Dead Sea in December 2003–January
2004 two wooden anchors were discovered by G. Hadas, who documented them.
Shoham (East)
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Kogan-Zehavi Elena
Published: December 2024

During January 2008, a salvage excavation was conducted east of Shoham
(Permit No. A-5345; map ref. NIG 19512-20/65672-9; OIG 14512-20/15672-9),
prior to the construction of a kindergarten. The excavation, undertaken on
behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and underwritten by the Shoham
Economic Company, was directed by E. Kogan-Zehavi, with the assistance of E.
Bachar (administration), A Hajian (surveying and drafting), T. Sagiv (field
photography) and C. Hersch (pottery drawing).
Tel ‘Akko
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Abu-‘Uqsa Hanaa
Published: December 2024

In April 2005 an excavation was conducted at the northwestern foot of
Tel 'Akko (Permit No. A-4433; map ref. NIG 20828-30/75868-7; OIG
15828-30/25868-7), prior to the installation of a cellular antenna. The
excavation, on behalf of the Antiquities Authority with the financial
support of Cellcom Company, was directed by H. Abu-'Uqsa, with the
participation of Y. Lavan (administration), H. Tahan (surveying), H.
Smithline (photography) and D. Syon (numismatics).
Ramat Rahel
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Billig Ya’akov
Published: December 2024

In April and May 2013, an archaeological excavation was conducted near
Hebron Road in Jerusalem, west of Ramat Rahel (Permit No. A-6781; map ref.
22026-42/62732-6), prior to the installation of a waste water pipeline. The
excavation, undertaken on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and
financed by the Gihon Company, was directed by Y. Billig, with the
assistance of N. Nahama and R. Abu-Halaf (administration), A. Hajian
(surveying), E. Belashov (drafting), A. Peretz (field photography), S.
'Amlah (metal detection), C. Amit (studio photography), I. Lidski-Reznikov
(drawing of finds), H. Rosenstein (metallurgical laboratory), D.T. Ariel
(numismatics) and F. Fartush of Sky View Company (aerial photography).
Ibthan (North) (B)
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Masarwa Durar
Published: December 2024

In July 2013, a salvage excavation was conducted in the northeastern
area of Ibthan (Permit No. A-6844; map ref. 204811-39/697029-60; Fig. 1),
prior to construction activity. The excavation, undertaken on behalf of the
Israel Antiquities Authority and financed by S. Katawy, was directed by D.
Masarwa, with the assistance of Y. Amrani (administration), R. Mishayev and
M. Kahan (surveying and drafting), C. Ben-Ari (GPS), A. Gorzalczany
(scientific advisor), P. Gendelman (ceramics) and M. Shuiskaya (pottery
drawing).
Reḥovot (South), Khirbat Deiran
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Barkan Diego
Published: December 2024

In April 2013, a salvage excavation was conducted at 1 Dondikov Street
in Rehovot (Permit No. A-6764; 644767/182436; Fig. 1), prior to the
construction of a park on the site of Khirbat Deiran. The excavation,
undertaken on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and financed by the
Rehovot municipality, was directed by D. Barkan, with the assistance of Y.
Amrani and E. Bachar (administration) R. Mishayev and M. Kahan (surveying
and drafting), A. Peretz (field photography), A. Dagot (GPS), A.
Gorzalczany, U. 'Ad and E. Ayalon (scientific consultation) and laborers
from Wadi 'Ara. M. Ajami and F. Volynsky assisted as well.
‘Akko
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Tepper Yotam
Published: December 2024

From May to November 2004, an excavation was conducted in 'Akko (Permit
No. A-4063; map ref. 20810-40/75865-78), prior to the construction of an
underground passage beneath the railroad tracks on Highway 85. The
excavation, undertaken on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority, was
directed by Y. Tepper and H. Abu-'Uqsa, with the assistance of E. 'Awawdy,
A. Tatcher, N. Getzov, M. Hartal, E. Stern, L. Porat, A. Shapiro, O.
Zingboym, F. Abu-Zidan, Y. Stepansky, R. Abu-Raya, E. Bron, Y. Lerer, S.
Yankelevich, S. Avneri, S. Matitiyahu and S. Sharir (area supervision), Y.
Ya'aqobi and A. Lavan (administration), A. Hajian (surveying), T. Sagiv, H.
Smithline and D. Syon (field photography), Y. Gorin-Rosen (glass), H.
Tahan-Rosen (drawing), A. Shapiro (field drafting), D. Syon (numismatics),
M. Ponting (metallurgy), M. Inbar (geomorphology), G. Finkielsztejn (ceramic
consultation), G. Bar Oz and N. Raban-Gerstal (archaeozoology), Y. Nagar
(physical anthropology), W. Eck, H. Cotton and L. Di Segni (epigraphy) and
G. Stiebel (weapons).
Magal, Prehistoric Survey
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Golan Sigal ,   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Khalaily Hamudi
Published: December 2024

In July 2003, a survey was conducted along the route of the
Cross-Israel Highway west and southwest of Kibbutz Magal (Permit No. A-3963;
map ref. 2020-2/6955-97), after numerous flint items were discovered in the
eastern section of the road. The survey, undertaken on behalf of the Israel
Antiquities Authority, was directed by H. Khalaily and S. Golan, with the
assistance of K. Sharvit, E. Yannai, G. Sharon (Hebrew University) and L.
Barda (GPS).
Ruhama, Survey
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Seriy Gregory ,   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Yegorov Dmitry
Published: December 2024

In April 2013, a survey was conducted south of Kibbutz Ruhama (License
S-412/2013; map ref. 1715-27/5974-86; Fig. 1), prior to forestation. The
survey, undertaken on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and
financed by the Jewish National Fund, was directed by G. Seriy and D.
Yegorov, with the assistance of S. Gal (GPS).
Horbat Pundaq
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Kohn-Tavor Achia
Published: December 2024

In June 2006, a development survey was conducted along Road 465 (Permit
No. A-4837; map ref. (19650-880/66020-60), prior to widening of the road.
The survey, undertaken on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and
financed by the Department of Public Works, was directed by A. Kohn-Tavor.
Zur Natan
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Masarwa Durar
Published: December 2024

In March 2013, a salvage excavation was conducted in Ha-Zeitim
neighborhood of Zur Natan (Permit No. A-6732; map ref. 201115–26/683025–37;
Fig. 1), in the wake of damage to ancient remains during the quarrying of a
pit. The excavation, undertaken on behalf of the Israel Antiquities
Authority and financed by Meir Yiftah, was directed by D. Masarwa, with the
assistance of Y. Amrani (administration) and C. Ben-Ari (GPS).
Yattir Forest
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Haiman Mordechai
Published: December 2024

In July-August 2005, an excavation was conducted in Yattir Forest
(Permit No. A-4541; map ref. 19750-70/58490-560), along the route slated for
the construction of the separation fence. The excavation, undertaken on
behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and financed by the Ministry of
Defense, was directed by M. Haiman, with the assistance of A. Fraiberg (area
supervision) and A. Hajian (surveying).
Nofekh
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Golan Li-Or
Published: December 2024

In April 2013, a salvage excavation was conducted at Nofekh (Permit No.
A-6769; map ref. 192729-60/661149-80; Fig. 1), prior to construction. The
excavation, undertaken on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and
financed by Hevel Modi'in Regional Council, was directed by L. Golan, with
the assistance of Y. Amrani and E. Bachar (administration), M. Kunin
(surveying and drafting), A. Peretz (field photography), A. Gorzalczany
(safety), N. Zak (plans), H. Torgë and M. Avissar (ceramic advisors) and M.
Shuiskaya (pottery drawing).
Es-Sawafir el-Gharbiya
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Fraiberg Alexander
Published: December 2024

In August 2013, a salvage excavation was conducted at the es-Sawafir
el-Gharbiya site, west of Merkaz Shapira (Permit No. A-6890; map ref.
17200-6/62290-7) in the wake of damage that was caused to antiquities by
mechanical equipment. The excavation, undertaken on behalf of the Israel
Antiquities Authority and financed by the Israel Electric Company, was
directed by A. Fraiberg, with the assistance of Y. Al-'Amor
(administration), M. Kunin (surveying and drafting), D. Varga (scientific
guidance) and N. Zak (plan).
Ẓefat, the Old City
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Stepansky Yosef
Published: December 2024

During May 2004, a trial excavation was conducted in the Jewish Quarter
of the old city of Zefat (Permit No. A- 4159; map ref NIG 246355/763735; OIG
196355/263735), prior to construction. The excavation, undertaken on behalf
of the Israel Antiquities Authority and underwritten by A. Ben Porat, was
directed by Y. Stepansky, with the assistance of Y. Ya'aqobi
(administration) and A. Hajian (surveying).
Ḥorbat Usha
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Massarwa Abdallah
Published: December 2024

In May 2013, a trial excavation as conducted at Horbat Usha (Permit No.
A-6752; map ref. 213697-813/744530-753), prior to paving Highway 6. The
excavation, undertaken on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and
financed by the Cross-Israel Highway Company, Ltd., was directed by A.
Massarwa (photography), with the assistance of M. Hater (area supervision),
Y. Amrani and E. Bachar (administration), R. Mishayev and M. Kahan
(surveying and drafting), A. Gorzalczany (scientific guidance), P. Gendelman
(ceramics), M. Shuiskaya (pottery drawing) and L. Talmi and C. Sa'id.
‘En Esur (Asawir)
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Yannai Eli
Published: December 2024

In May-June 2009, a salvage excavation was conducted in Area I at 'En
Esur ('Ein Asawir), at the outlet of Nahal Hadera from Wadi 'Ara to the
coastal plain (Permit No. A-5440; map ref. 201718-850/709501-47), prior to
construction. The excavation, undertaken on behalf of the Israel Antiquities
Authority and financed by A. Amit, was directed by E. Yannai (field
photography), with the assistance of S. Ya'aqov-Jam (administration) and R.
Mishayev (surveying and drafting).
Jerusalem, Beit Ḥanina
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Yeger David
Published: December 2024

In November 2013, a salvage excavation was conducted in the Beit Hanina
neighborhood of Jerusalem (Permit No. A-6934; map ref.
220997-1014/637850-65), prior to construction. The excavation, undertaken on
behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and financed by 'Afna Jozeph, was
directed by D. Yeger, with the assistance of N. Nahama (administration), A.
Hajian (surveying and drafting), A. Peretz (field photography) and B. Touri.
Tiberias, Ge’ulim Neighborhood
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Damati Emanuel
Published: December 2024

During June 2006, a trial excavation was conducted on Toledano Street
in the Ge'ulim neighborhood (Shikun A) of Tiberias (Permit No. A-4834; map
ref. NIG 250872/743074; OIG 200872/243074), prior to the installation of a
sewer. The excavation, undertaken on behalf of the Israel Antiquities
Authority and financed by the Tiberias municipality, was directed by E.
Damati (photography), with the assistance of Y. Ya'aqobi (administration)
and G. Bijovsky (numismatics).
Nazareth (West)
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Atrash Walid
Published: December 2024

During May 2005, a trial excavation was conducted in western Nazareth
(Block 16531, Lot 1), along the western bank of Wadi el-Juani (Permit No.
A-4444; map ref. NIG 22740-50/73405-7; OIG 17740-50/23405-7), prior to the
construction of a school. The excavation, undertaken on behalf of the Israel
Antiquities Authority and underwritten by the Nazareth municipality, was
directed by W. Atrash, with the assistance of L. Porat (area supervision),
Y. Ya'aqobi (administration), V. Essman (surveying), H. Smithline
(photography) and H. Abu 'Uqsa (pottery reading).
‘Akko, Lily Sharon Park
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Abu-‘Uqsa Hanaa
Published: December 2024

During July 2005, a salvage excavation was conducted in the Lily Sharon
Park north of Tel 'Akko (Permit No. A-4410; map ref. NIG
208530-670/758662-80; OIG 158530-670/258662-80), in the wake of damage
caused to antiquities during development works. The excavation, undertaken
on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and underwritten by the Yefe
Nof Company on behalf of the Ministry of Transportation, was directed by H.
Abu 'Uqsa, with the assistance of A. Shapiro (GPS), Y. Nagar (physical
anthropology), L. Porat (pottery restoration), H. Smithline (studio
photography) and H. Tahan (pottery drawing).