bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cast Saw Burn Prevention: An Evidence-Based Review
Authors: Larson Jill E. , Nicolay Richard W.
Published: January 2021

Cast saw burns are an avoidable complication of cast removal and cast splitting. These iatrogenic injuries often lead to unacceptable clinical sequalae with significant financial and legal consequences. Therefore, a considerable body of research has been directed toward cast saw burn prevention. This review of currently published data provides clinicians with a summary of the literature to guide practice based on the best available evidence, with the goal of preventing iatrogenic cast saw burns. The PubMed database was queried for articles published from 1980 until present with the following key words: cast saw burns, cast saw blades, cast saws, orthopaedic education or surgical simulation. Relevant articles were reviewed and summarized. The prevention of cast saw burns involves awareness of clinical risk factors, maintenance of equipment, use of the proper technique, and the education of novice providers. By implementing evidence-based methods, orthopaedic surgeons and associated healthcare providers can aim to eliminate these preventable complications from their practice.
Pediatric Obturator Internus Muscle Myxoma
Authors: Saleh Ehab S.
Published: January 2021

Intramuscular myxoma is a rare benign tumor that presents as a slow-growing, deeply seated mass confined within a skeletal muscle. Histologically, these lesions most resemble umbilical cord tissue. They mostly occur in people between 40 and 70 years old, with a 57% female predilection. These tumors are very rare in children. Only one pediatric intramuscular myxoma case is reported in the literature. The goal of this study is to report the case of a 13-year-old girl who presented to our hospital emergency department in 2018 with right hip pain, elevated inflammatory markers, and fever; her initial differential diagnosis was hip septic arthritis, pelvic osteomyelitis, and pelvic abscess. A pelvic MRI revealed a well-defined enhancing round lesion in the right obturator internus muscle. The diagnosis was conformed with a CT-guided core biopsy. The patient's symptoms improved with conservative management, and she continues to be doing well 2 years later. Pediatric pelvic intramuscular myxomas are extremely rare; however, they can have a presentation that mimic a more serious condition such as hip septic arthritis, pelvic osteomyelitis, and pelvic abscess and should be considered in the differential diagnosis in a pediatric patient presenting with hip pain.
Primary Pleural Synovial Sarcoma: A Rare Cause of Hemorrhagic Pleural Effusion
Authors: Kumar Subodh , Goyal Kashyap , Bhatt Ritisha , Bansal Saloni , Mishra Mayank
Published: January 2021

Primary pleural synovial sarcoma (PPSS) is a rare malignant pleural tumor comprising < 1% of all primary lung malignancies. Primary pleural mesothelioma (PPM) has many similar features that may cause a diagnostic dilemma due to overlapping clinical and histopathological features. We present the case of a young male with recurrent hemorrhagic pleural effusion without any obvious lung mass who was diagnosed with PPSS. This rare entity must be considered with a high index of suspicion while evaluating pleural tumors.
Birt-Hogg-Dubé Syndrome—An Unique Case Series
Authors: Thakare Parikshit , Utpat Ketaki , Desai Unnati , Nayak Chitra , Joshi Jyotsna M.
Published: January 2021

Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome (BHDS) is an uncommon autosomal dominant syndrome. It is also known as Hornstein–Knickenberg syndrome. It is an inherited disorder culminating in mutations in folliculin coding gene (FLCN). The clinical exhibitions of the syn-drome are multi-systemic, comprising of a constellation of pulmonary, dermatologic and renal system manifestations. The most common presentations include fibrofolliculomas, renal cell carcinomas, lung cysts and spontaneous pneumothorax. The treatment is conservative with regular monitoring of the renal and lung parameters. Fibrofolliculomas may require surgical excision and recurrent events of pneumothorax may warrant pleurodesis. We reported a case series of 2 patients presenting with symptoms of progressive breathlessness along with dermatological manifestations and subsequently showing radiological manifestations of Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome in the form of lung cysts.
Security Culture as a Challenge for Uniformed Services and Other Citizens
Authors: Filipek Agnieszka Wioletta
Published: January 2021

In the modern world, conditions in various spheres of human security are changing at a very fast pace. How non-traditional events are interpreted and the kind of approach to all kinds of transformations may be conducive to a higher frequency of beneficial effects of these changes. The appropriate nature and level of security culture can contribute to perpetuating beneficial trends in solving specific problems, to dealing more effectively with difficult situations, treated as challenges, which can often result in opportunities, and not only as threats. The responsibility of officers of various services, not only for themselves, but also for their subordinates, as well as for decisive decisions resulting from legal conditions, has an even greater impact on the need for strong consolidation of individual judgements, verdicts or decisions. Relying on a personal security culture in various types of situations can more often have a positive impact on the functioning of the entity and their environment, provided that this security culture is of an acceptable character and high level. The author points out that a favourable culture of security for uniformed personnel and citizens will be conducive to a higher level of security.
Assessment of the National Map of Security Threats
as an Important Element in the Process of the Polish Police Managing Public Security in Social Partnership in View of Surveys
Authors: Stawnicka Jadwiga , Klonowska Iwona
Published: January 2021

Currently, a change in the relations between the Police and the society, taking on the form of a dialogue, can be noted in Poland. The paper describes the operation of the National Map of Security Threats, an important element in the process of public security management implemented by the Polish Police. It presents the operation of the tool and discusses the results of personal research into the assessment of the National Map of Security Threats made by the inhabitants of the Silesian Province. The results are then compared with the results of the nationwide survey carried out by the Polish Police. This article consists of several parts. The first indicates that the National Map of Security Threats is a tool of contact between the public and the Police. Based on information obtained from citizens, the Police may use their force and resources more rationally, and can better plan the service of police officers. Within the framework of the dialogue and feedback obtained by the Police communicating with the public, the elimination of risks is more efficient and effective, which in turn reinforces the public sense of security. The National Map of Security Threats has given citizens the opportunity to speak in situations of threat, preceding the occurrence of threats and enabling the implementation of public expectations related to the formation (co-shaping) of security on the local scale. The second part of the article discusses the legislation governing the operation of the National Map of Security Threats. The National Security Risk Map is a platform for the exchange of information between the Police and the public. This is one of the most important elements of socialisation of the Police. The evaluation of the National Map of Security Threats by the users in the light of conducted surveys was presented. The last part of the article discusses the ‘Operation of the National Map of Security Threats’ project which was implemented in the Opole garrison. This project was completed in 2019. It resulted in studies on the assessment of the functioning of the National Security Risk Map in all units of the Opole garrison.
Zu den Quellen der sprachwissenschaftlichen Terminologie im Deutschen mit Berücksichtigung des Polnischen und Russischen: Forschungsmethodologie und Begriffsbasis
Authors: Kotin Michail
Published: January 2021

Sources of linguistic terminology in German, Polish and Russian: Research methodology and terminological basis. The paper deals with selected aspects of the influence of foreign terminology and borrowings from everyday language as well as from other terminological systems on linguistics. Since linguistics is a relatively young branch of scientific research, it has been strongly and consequently influenced by other sciences and their terms throughout its development as an autonomous field of research. On the other hand, a specific feature of linguistics in comparison to other spheres of human knowledge is its mixed character, since it describes both universal and relative (language-specific) properties of language systems. For this reason, terms borrowed from Latin, Greek or other languages can never completely cover the phenomena found in German, Russian, Polish etc. Nevertheless, borrowed terms undoubtedly can adequately describe different properties of other languages, if we understand them exclusively as conventionalized etiquettes in which the internal transparency of their morphological form does not play a decisive part. Keywords: linguistic terminology, terminological borrowing, sources of linguistic terms

O źródłach terminologii językoznawczej w językach niemieckim, polskim i rosyjskim: metodologia badawcza a baza pojęciowa. Streszczenie: W artykule rozpatrywane są wybrane aspekty wpływów terminologii języków obcych i zapożyczeń z języka potocznego oraz z innych systemów terminologicznych na językoznawstwo. Ponieważ lingwistyka jest stosunkowo młodą nauką, była ona na całej przestrzeni swego rozwoju jako autonomicznej dyscypliny naukowej pod stałym wpływem innych dziedzin nauki i ich terminologii. Z drugiej zaś strony cechą specyficzną językoznawstwa w porównaniu z innymi obszarami wiedzy ludzkiej jest jego mieszany charakter, bowiem zajmuje się ono deskrypcją tak uniwersalnych, jak i względnych (specyficznych dla każdego badanego języka) właściwości. Z tego powodu pojęcia zapożyczone z greki, łaciny lub innych języków nigdy nie odpowiadają całkowicie opisywanym za ich pomocą zjawiskom w języku niemieckim, polskim, rosyjskim lub innym. Niemniej jednak zapożyczone pojęcia niewątpliwie mogą odpowiednio opisywać odmienne zjawiska innych języków, o ile będą one traktowane wyłącznie jako skonwencjonalizowane etykiety, w których motywacja formy morfologicznej nie odgrywa decydującej roli. Słowa kluczowe: terminologia lingwistyczna, zapożyczenia terminologiczne, źródła pojęć językoznawczych.
Eksplicytacja: zjawisko --> koncept --> termin w perspektywie metodologii modelu składni propozycjonalnej. Lingwistyczny głos w dyskusji o uniwersaliach translatologicznych
Authors: Szumska Dorota , Ozga Krzysztof
Published: January 2021

Celem artykułu jest wykazanie, iż warto dokonać komparatystycznej inwentaryzacji zapleczy pojęciowoterminologicznych przekładoznawstwa i lingwistycznych badań nad tekstem. Punktem wyjścia takiej operacji winno być dążenie do konfrontacji stosowanych metajęzyków w ramach dyskursów naukowych obu obszarów badawczych pod kątem identyfikacji wspólnych kategorii pojęciowych i eliminacji sprzecznych z kluczowym w analizie tekstu założeniem oddzielania płaszczyzny formy od płaszczyzny treści założeń metodologicznych. Pozwoliłoby to na wypracowanie wartości dodanej w postaci wspólnej płaszczyzny komunikacji do wymiany doświadczeń badawczych, której istnienie wydaje się konieczne dla rozwoju obu dyscyplin. Wątkiem empirycznym w prezentowanych rozważaniach jest – stosownie do ich tytułu – wykazanie przy pomocy aparatu metodologicznego składni predykatowo-argumentowej amorficzności stosowanego w badaniach przekładoznawczych terminu „eksplicytacja” i propozycja doprecyzowania odpowiadającej mu kategorii pojęciowej.

Explicitation: phenomenon → concept → term from the perspective of the methodology of propositional syntax. A linguistic contribution to the dispute over translation universals. Summary: The article aims to demonstrate that it is worthwhile to carry out a comparative analysis of the conceptual and terminological inventories of translatology and text linguistics. The inquiry should start by juxtaposing the metalanguages used in the research within these two areas of study, with a view to identifying conceptual categories common to both fields and eliminating those methodological assumptions which contradict the key assumption of text analysis, i.e. the separation of the plane of form from the plane of content. Through this it would be possible to achieve an added value by establishing a common ground for sharing research experiences, which appears to be the sine qua non for the development of both disciplines. The empirical strand of the article consists in demonstrating – with the help of the methodological apparatus of predicate-argument syntax – the amorphousness of the term ‘explicitation’ used in translation studies and in outlining a proposal for defining more precisely the conceptual category associated with the term. Keywords: explicitation, translation universals, translatology, propositional syntax, predicate-argument structure, terminology, metalinguistics
Security of Public Financial Resources and the Public Procurement Procedure – Analysis of Transparency and Characteristics of Procedures Based on Research
Authors: Kozłowski Andrzej Józef , Czaplicka-Kozłowska Iwona Z.
Published: January 2021

. The subject of the study is an analysis of the procedures related to the selection of the most advantageous offer in the process defined in the public procurement law. Pointing out the essence of the problem in the area of public financial resources management, attention was paid first of all to legal solutions, their number of changes since the first act was passed in 1994, and to the essence of public financial resources management in the surrounding reality. Based on an analysis of Internet resources randomly selected from more than 50 local governments, mainly districts of large Polish cities, the transparency of public procurement procedures was assessed. Thus, with regard to a particular district, the methods of case study and expert analysis were used in scientific evaluation of the public procurement phenomenon. Then, on the basis of the literature and analysis of the surrounding reality, changes were indicated, the introduction of which will improve public procurement. The results of the research in particular boroughs were used to diagnose the research problem related to transparency in public procurement proceedings and to achieve the objective, which was to develop a state diagnosis and proposals of changes ensuring an increase in the level of utilisation of public financial resources. It was assumed in the study that proper management of public financial resources in the area of expenses, especially those covered by public procurement law, eliminates excessive debt and thus creates security in the area of local financial resources. At the end of the study, recommendations were presented to eliminate the identified shortcomings in the legal solutions and functioning public procurement procedures.
Potential use of Structured Analytical Techniques in Building Investigative Versions
Authors: Filipkowski Wojciech
Published: January 2021

. The aim of this study is to present the possibilities of using structured analytical techniques in building investigative versions. They may relate to ongoing criminal or operational proceedings, but also allow verification of versions created for the purposes of supervision or evaluation of other proceedings. In this area, the study complements and at the same time extends the existing knowledge in the field of forensic tactics. The author presented the current state of knowledge on the methods of building criminal versions and the theoretical justification for the introduction of these techniques to the practice of law enforcement agencies in this aspect. An outline of the methodology of the application of analytical techniques in the construction of new and verification of existing research methods is also presented. This study is based on the author’s speech at the 3rd National Scientific Conference entitled ‘Police X Files’ organised by the Faculty of Law and Administration University of Lodz from September 26th–28th, 2018.
Prospects of International Harmonisation in the Sphere of Forensic Document Examination in Penal Proceedings
Authors: Szumski Adrian
Published: January 2021

The paper concerns the problem of international harmonisation in the sphere of forensic document examination in penal proceedings. Progressive “internationalisation” of penal cases demands that some unified standards be found in terms of the instruments being used in penal proceedings. It also affects research performed by forensic document examiners. Various techniques of forensic document examination exist, as well as various views on the value of opinion of an expert witness, and differentiated legal regulations in respective countries. Also, methods concerning verification of the skills of experts in the field of forensic document examination are different in particular countries. Such a state of affairs provokes reflections on whether opinions formulated by expert witnesses from various countries might be considered as really equivalent. It seems that it is not exactly so, and it should be ascertained that such a situation is definitely negative. Thus, there arises the necessity of at least partial harmonisation of rules in this scope, at the international level. This paper is an attempt to answer the question of if opportunities for such harmonisation exist, and if so, in which fields of matters concerning forensic document examination it is possible.
Use of Selected Geospatial Tools for the Purposes of Reconnaissance
Authors: Zaorski Maciej
Published: January 2021

The implementation of modern tools in the military system constitutes an important step in supporting the decision-making process. The impact of new GIS technologies is important for the assessment of the battlefield . According to assumptions, reconnaissance is a continuous process that crowns the assessment of the opponent and of the battlefield. Site assessment is an element of the command process where the conclusions of the task analysis includes an assessment of the potential opponent together with his modus operandi and an assessment of the environment . As part of the Information Preparation of the Battlefield (hereinafter referred to as IPB), the identification of threats and limitations has an impact on the identification of potential approach routes, traffic corridors and maneuvers in assigned areas and lanes . The end result is the determination of the maneuverability of forces and resources owned or those of the opponent. The information is to relate to the impact of the terrain components on the scope and nature of conducted activities, and the hydrometeorological conditions are to relate to the impact on the terrain, equipment, and people . As far as it regards the analysis of the environment and the opponent, it is possible to apply modern technologies to shorten the time for the analyses performed within the ongoing decision-making process.
Selection of Police in Europe: Comparing the Hungarian and Polish Systems
Authors: Mogyoródi Gergely
Published: January 2021

Over the past few years, due to the growing needs of personnel, the Hungarian police has faced recruitment challenges. Although there is a high demand for new recruits, the standards of the entry requirements are relatively strict and difficult to meet. The question is whether the requirements are still serving the needs of the organisation. The objective of this study was to learn a different practice by comparing the Hungarian and Polish selection methods to assist in improving and to find applicable methods for the selection procedure of the Hungarian police.There are many similarities between the two countries, and following from this, it was assumed that the selection of police is also similar, and therefore the attributes could be compared.
To analyse the topic, for contextual purposes, as they determine the mentioned characteristics, both the organisational and the educational attributes were studied as well. Researching the topic, the relevant literature was analysed. Data that could not be collected from the literature was collected by a questionnaire sent to Cepol and to a liaison officer, and an interview was also performed with a Polish police officer who volunteered for the study. The research indicates that both forces apply physical, medical and psychological requirements in the same regard, but with territorial and policing-cultural specifics. It was found that Poland and Hungary struggle with the number of fit applicants, but neither country uses modern selection methods that could have a positive effect on selecting the new recruits.
Thoughts on Road Traffic Control
Authors: Major Róbert , Mészáros Gábor
Published: January 2021

The safety of travel on public roads is one of the most important issues to be developed in Hungary and in the European Union. The authors conducted a survey on the current state of the topic in Hungary. They examine the actions undertaken in traffic safety and traffic control in the past years in the country. Vehicle drivers consider regulations on speed limits and overspeeding to be less respectable and acceptable. The absolute transgression of the speed limit, also known as overspeeding, significantly increases the risk of accidents, and also adds to the severity of accidents, considering the majority of the traumas and the occurrence of fatalities in these accidents. Overspeeding is the greatest problem point in road traffic safety issues such as speeding, drunk driving and the use of passive road traffic safety gear. Considering the fatal road accidents in Hungary, it has become evident that the number of absolute overspeeding cases is significantly increasing. Overspeeding plays a significant role in the severity of the accident, especially in cases of unprotected travellers, pedestrians and cyclists. Traffic control is part of influencing the awareness and education of safe travelling. Police traffic control and accident prevention programmes aim to decrease the number of victims of road traffic accidents.
Adenomyotic cyst mimicking a congenital Müllerian anomaly: Diagnosis and treatment with laparoscopy
Authors: Jha Sangam
Published: January 2021

A 28-year-old woman presented with a 1-year history of severe progressive dysmenorrhea following suction evacuation and tubal ligation. Sonography showed a bicornuate uterus with hematometra in the left horn. Hysteroscopy ruled out a diagnosis of a congenital Müllerian anomaly, as both ostia appeared normal. Under laparoscopy, a mass was seen on the left fundal region near the insertion of the round ligament, and needle aspiration of a chocolate-colored fluid confirmed the diagnosis of an adenomyotic cyst. The cyst was excised. The patient recovered well and has been symptom-free since surgery. Adenomyotic cyst is a rare entity in young women and must be differentiated from obstructive Müllerian anomaly. Laparoscopy is the preferred minimally invasive modality for managing this rare disorder.
The Impact of Oxidoreductases-Related MicroRNAs in Glucose Metabolism of Renal Cell Carcinoma and Prostate Cancer
Authors: Gomes Morais Mariana , Guilherme Carvalho Dias Francisca , Alexandre Velho Prior João , Luísa Pereira Teixeira Ana , Manuel de Medeiros Melo Silva Rui
Published: January 2021

The reprogramming of metabolism is one of cancer hallmarks. Glucose’s metabolism, as one of the main fuels of cancer cells, has been the focus of several research studies in the oncology field. However, because cancer is a heterogeneous disease, the disruptions in glucose metabolism are highly variable depending of the cancer. In fact, Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) and Prostate Cancer (PCa), the most lethal and common urological neoplasia, respectively, show different disruptions in the main pathways of glucose catabolism: glycolysis, lactate fermentation and Krebs Cycle. Oxidoreductases are a class of enzymes that catalyze electrons transfer from one molecule to another and are present in these three pathways, posing as an opportunity to better understand these catabolic deregulations. Furthermore, nowadays it is recognized that their expression is modulated by microRNAs (miRNAs), in this book chapter, we selected the known miRNAs that directly target these oxidoreductases and analyzed their deregulation in both cancers. The characterization of these miRNAs opens a new door that could be applied in patients’ stratification and therapy monitorization because of their potential as cancer biomarkers. Additionally, their delivery to cancer cells, using glucose capped NPs could help establish new therapeutic strategies that would improve RCC and PCa management.
Applications of Prediction Approaches in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Engmann Felicia , Sarpong Adu-Manu Kofi , Abdulai Jamal-Deen , Apietu Katsriku Ferdinand
Published: January 2021

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) collect data and continuously monitor ambient data such as temperature, humidity and light. The continuous data transmission of energy constrained sensor nodes is a challenge to the lifetime and performance of WSNs. The type of deployment environment is also and the network topology also contributes to the depletion of nodes which threatens the lifetime and the also the performance of the network. To overcome these challenges, a number of approaches have been proposed and implemented. Of these approaches are routing, clustering, prediction, and duty cycling. Prediction approaches may be used to schedule the sleep periods of nodes to improve the lifetime. The chapter discusses WSN deployment environment, energy conservation techniques, mobility in WSN, prediction approaches and their applications in scheduling the sleep/wake-up periods of sensor nodes.
Analysis of Wideband Second-Order Microwave Integrators
Authors: Gautam Usha , Kumar Rawat Tarun
Published: January 2021

This chapter presents the implementation of stable, accurate, and wideband second-order microwave integrators (SOMIs). These SOMI designs are obtained by the use of various cascading combinations of transmission line sections and shunt stubs. In order to obtain the optimal values of the characteristic impedances of these line elements, the particle swarm optimization (PSO), cuckoo search algorithm (CSA) and gravitational search algorithm (GSA) are used to approximate the magnitude response of the ideal second-order integrator (SOI). Based on magnitude response, absolute magnitude error, phase response, convergence rate, pole-zero plot, and improvement graph, the performance measure criteria for the proposed SOMIs are performed. The results of the simulation and statistical analysis reveal that GSA exceeds the PSO and CSA in order to approximate the ideal SOI in all state-of-the-art eligible for wide-band microwave integrator. The designed SOMI is compact and suitable for applications covering ultra-wideband (UWB). The designed SOMI structure is also simulated on Advanced Design Software (ADS) in the form of a microstrip line on a dielectric constant 2.2 RT/Duroid substrate with a height of 0.762 mm. In the 3–15 GHz frequency range, the simulated magnitude result agrees well with the ideal one.
The Interprofessional Clinical and Therapeutic Team Strategy to Manage Spinal Cord Injuries
Authors: Jordaan Adele , Swanepoel Mariette , Paul Yvonne , Jeremy Ellapen Terry
Published: January 2021

A popular comorbidity of spinal cord injuries is physical deconditioning that frequently prejudice the person to increased risk for secondary non-communicable diseases, such as non-dependent insulin diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, cardiorespiratory diseases, obesity, osteoporosis, arthritis and osteoarthritis. Clinical literature has shown that spinal cord injured individuals have a poor cardiometabolic risk profile that amplifies the likelihood of secondary non-communicable diseases. Components of physical deconditioning include muscle atrophy, decreased aerobic capacity, inflexibility and diminished muscle and endurance. Another problem associated with spinal cord injuries is reliance or dependence on others. The combination of poor physical conditioning and dependence on others often adversely impacts on the individual’s quality of life, limiting their social interaction with others. The adherence to habitual physical activity and exercises has shown to increase conditioning status, improve health and wellbeing, increase independence, and improve confidence and self-image and successful re-integration in community. Therefore it is of paramount importance to increase awareness of the benefits of habitual physical activity and exercise to spinal cord injured patients, medical and clinical practitioners, family and friends. This chapter intends to highlight the health benefits of habitual physical activity in relation to selected secondary non-communicable diseases, and, the importance of interprofessional clinical and therapeutic team strategy to improve the spinal cord injured individuals’ quality of life.
An Urban Paradox: Urban Resilience or Human Needs
Authors: Kart Aktaş Nilüfer , Yıldız Dönmez Nazlı
Published: January 2021

Nowadays, metropolitan cities experience increasingly environmental problems as well as migration and urbanization pressure. As climate change, earthquake, flood, aridity and the last worldwide pandemic showed how cities are unprepared for these disasters. The ability of cities to cope with these disasters and survive depends on the existence and level of the city’s resilience to these disasters. Also, the change and transformation of social structure effects the process of adaptation. Generally, urban citizens with economic power who have to live in crowded cities have created their own living areas in the periphery of cities with the desire to live away from the city and in nature. The population increasing every day due to migration from the city centers, attractiveness of natural life lead to urbanization of natural areas as well as the transformation of landscapes. The aim of this study is to measure the urbanization pressure, which is one of the important factors of landscape changes and to determine the results of the pressure for the important areas for resilience. In the scope this, it is detected the pressure of urbanization on the area and examined the landscape changes between the years of 2000-2020 in Istanbul/Zekeriyakoy. Zekeriyakoy, when it was a village until the 1980s, has been in the process of a radical change especially since 1987 and it has become an important center of attraction especially after the Marmara Earthquake in 1999. Corine Land cover and Google satellite data have been used to detect changes in the research. The main outcome of this study is; the district, which was dominated by agriculture and forest areas until the early 1990s, is now under intense pressure to settle and if the transformation occurs at the same speed, especially agricultural areas will almost disappear. This study is important in terms of how the field has changed in the years and the problems that this change will cause for the future. In this context it can be said that the change, transformation and adaptation expected to occur with the concept of urban resilience cannot be considered separate from human and human welfare.
Economic Applications for LED Lights in Industrial Sectors
Authors: M.A.S. Mahmoud Muhammad
Published: January 2021

After the Introduction, which discuss the main advantages and disadvantage of LED from Economics angle, the entire Chapter is presented in three sections. The first section discusses the economic benefits of replacing different types and rating of outdoor HID lights, typically installed in an industrial plant, with LED lighting. The section determines important economic indicators to evaluate direct and indirect benefits that can be achieved from using LED lights. In second section an efficient, safe and cost effective design to automate LED lighting system used for long roads with low-traffic is provided. The section provides smart control using image recognition for cost saving of road lighting operation and gives economic analysis for this lighting system. In third section, design of intelligent daylight utilization to achieve efficient indoor lighting intensity control for LED lights that are used in industrial building is provided. Comprehensive evaluation of the lighting system economics is discussed.
Importance of Geriatric Health Care in India during Covid 19 Pandemic
Authors: Nag Kaushik , Karmakar Nabarun , Datta Anjan
Published: January 2021

World is facing a dual challenge of deadly Covid 19 pandemic and economic instability with its best health care facility and advanced science & technology. We need to support and protect our physically and economically vulnerable population like geriatric or elderly people during this difficult time. India has nearly 120 million elderly people with various physical, mental, social, economic, and spiritual problems. Ministry of health has created geriatric centers and geriatric clinics in most of the states. Routine care clinics cannot handle the burden of geriatric population to address their co-morbidities. Rapid training of healthcare professionals of various disciplines in geriatric care, home nursing is now of utmost importance. Government must provide financial support to nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and other agencies for helping geriatric population by providing affordable health care.
Effect of Environmental Temperature on Water Intake in Poultry
Authors: Orakpoghenor Ochuko , Ejum Ogbuagu Ngozi , Sa’Idu Lawal
Published: January 2021

Water is an essential nutrient in animal nutrition, makes about 70 to 80% of lean body mass and plays important roles in poultry metabolism and thermal homeostasis. Water provided as drinking water constitutes the largest proportion of water available to poultry followed by metabolic water and that available in feed. The intake of water by birds varies depending on the age, environmental temperature, relative humidity, certain diet constituents, type of drinkers used and rate of growth. An increase in environmental temperature tends to cause an increase in water intake while decrease in environmental temperature causes decrease in water intake. Hence, in addition to its nutritional role, water is more important for thermoregulation in chickens especially under hot conditions.
Familial-Related Risks for Congenital Hypothyroidism in Iranian Newborns: A Population-Based Case-Control Study
Authors: Yarahmadi Shahin , Azhang Nasrin , Salesi Mahmood , Rahmani Khaled
Published: January 2021

Background: Congenital hypothyroidism (CH), as one of the most common endocrine disorders, is a preventable cause of mental retardation. Objective: This study aimed to identify familial-related risk factors for CH in Iranian newborns. Methods: A population-based case-control study was performed on the National Registry System of patients with CH in Iran. In this study, 906 controls and 454 cases were studied for one year. Familial related factors were investigated using logistic regression models. Population attributable fraction (PAF) was also calculated for each significant risk factor. Results: Using multivariate analysis, an increased risk for CH was observed in patients with congenital anomalies (odds ratio (OR): 5.77, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.37 - 14.01), history of mental retardation in family (OR:2.10, 95% CI: 1.15-3.83), mother’s hypothyroidism during pregnancy (OR: 2.01, 95% CI: 1.33 - 3.03), intra-family marriage (OR:1.49, 95% CI: 1.18 - 1.89), gestational diabetes (OR: 1.69, 95% CI: 1.09 - 2.63), having a hypothyroid child in the family (OR: 2.48, 95% CI: 1.39 - 4.42), and twins or more (OR: 2.61, 95% CI: 1.31 - 5.21). The highest PAF among familial-related risk factors for CH is related to the intra-family marriage (14.9%). Conclusions: This study revealed that familial-related risk factors and consanguine marriages play an essential role in the high incidence of CH in Iran. About 15% of CH in Iran could be attributed to intra-family marriage alone.
Risk Factors Associated With the Extent of Coronary Vessel Involvement Across the Spectrum of Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Moezi Ali , Soltani Maryam , Kazemi Toba , Khosravi Bizahem Saeede , Amirabadizadeh Nasrin , Hanafi Nazanin , Partovi Neda , Mashreghimoghadam Hamid Reza , Ghoddusi Mohammad Yousef , Jafarnejad Majid , Azdaki Nahid
Published: January 2021

Background: Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is one of the most important causes of mortality and morbidity in developed and developing countries. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors associated with the extent of coronary vessel involvement across the spectrum of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) in patients referring to the Cardiac Ward of Vali-Asr Hospital of Birjand, Iran. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 3,394 patients undergoing coronary angiography at the Cardiac Ward of Vali-Asr Hospital of Birjand, Iran, in 2011-2015. Subjects were assigned to four groups in terms of the extent of coronary vessel involvement: Normal CAD, non-significant CAD, CAD, and non-obstructive CAD. Adjusted odds ratios and 95% confident intervals were calculated by including all variables with P values < 0.05 into the multivariate model to control for confounding factors. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22. Results: Among male and female patients, those aged 45-65 years needed angiography more than other groups. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that diabetes, male gender, FBS, and history of hypertension significantly increased the likelihood of coronary vessel involvement (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: The findings of the present study imply that age, male gender, FBS, and history of hypertension are the independent risk factors for the extent of coronary vessel involvement in CAD and non-significant CAD groups. To reduce the rates and consequences of CAD, it is paramount to control cardiovascular risk factors, screen susceptible populations at risk, and improve coronary interventional services.
Tractatus in psalmum 15, 8 (Series altera)
Authors: Scardia Daniela ,   Instituto Patristico Augustinianum
Published: January 2021

The paper focuses attention on Jerome’s interpretation of Ps. 15,8 in Tractatus in psalmum 15. After an introduction dealing with the right way to translate the verse according to Hebraica veritas, which shows his philological skills, he reveals his exegesis. The opening and concluding parts of this exegesis follow closely the Origen’s Homily on Psalm 15, but the long central section about the righteous highlights the particularity of Jerome’s exegesis; he uses other interpretations of Origen’s, but subordinates them to his own concerns to achieve original results. The study offers further proofs in favour of a proposal for dating this text.
At the Crossroads of Christology and Grace
Authors: Pierce Alexander H. ,   Instituto Patristico Augustinianum
Published: January 2021

There are three basic approaches to the question of how Augustine, in his anti-Pelagian writings, conceives of the union of the human and the divine in Christ. Some have argued for a dynamic notion of Christological union as the mutual presence of God and man in and by grace. Others emphasize the increasing technicality of Augustine’s description of Christ’s ontological union. Still others posit a middle ground, affirming both of the ways he speaks of the unity of Christ. However, the relationship between these forms of union has been left unexamined. The purpose of this article is therefore to explore how the two ways in which Augustine envisions Christ’s unity complement one another and to establish the logical priority of the personal incorporation of homo and Verbum over the notion of union as full divine indwelling.
Isidoro de Sevilla ante Gregorio Magno
Authors: Rodríguez Joel Varela ,   Instituto Patristico Augustinianum
Published: January 2021

This article studies Isidore of Seville’s reception of the moral theology of Gregory the Great. Examples will be offered from the Expositio in Vetus Testamentum and the second book of the Differentiae; the moral project of the Sententiae will also be explored. The most significant conclusion is that Isidore refuses to reproduce the most relevant innovations of Gregory’s teaching on charity.
La Σκιά (Hbr. 10,1) e la verità dei colori
Authors: Liverani Paolo ,   Instituto Patristico Augustinianum
Published: January 2021

In the Epistle to the Hebrews (10,1; cf. Hbr. 8,5; Col. 2,16-17) the terms σκιά and εἰκών are opposed, and most commentators have focused on the latter term, interpreting it as a Platonic allusion. If we consider in more detail the meanings of σκιά and σκιαγραφία, another interpretation appears more likely. Σκιαγραφία means “shading”, “silhouette” or “outline”, and finally “sketch” or – even better – “preliminary drawing”, “underdrawing”or “sinopia”. The last meaning is well attested in the sources at least since the late second or early third century AD and a number of passages in the Fathers alluding to the Epistle support the same conclusion. The term is common in the technical terminology of painters on wooden tablets and was a widely employed topos with different nuances according to different authors.
Climate changes: Economic impact and implication
Authors: Martin Vesna
Published: January 2021

Climate changes nowadays present a topic of huge importance taking into account its influence on conducting monetary and fiscal policy, achieving and improving financial stability, but also it is a concern for regulators and supervisors. In order to have an appropriate reaction, it is necessary to identify risk from climate changes in a timely manner. Three categories of climate-related risks can be identified: 1) physical risks which are associated with more frequent severe weather events and permanent changes in the environment, 2) transition risks that represent the policies and technological changes needed to achieve a greener economy and 3) liability risk which represents the impacts that could arise tomorrow if parties who have suffered loss or damage from the effects of climate change seek compensation from those they hold responsible. As a way to achieve satisfactory results in the fight against climate change risks, the financial institutions developed climate change risk management approaches, which include a variety of methods and instruments. The aim of this paper is the presentation of impact and implication regarding climate change regulations, identification of the risks and its management approaches, as well as economic cost and proposals for future action.
Digital economy: Basic aspects and the case of Serbia
Authors: Đorić Žarko
Published: January 2021

The global economy, strong competition, changing the nature of the workforce and consumer sophistication have influenced the need to transform the traditional economy into a digital economy, as a new phenomenon that permeates almost all economic and social processes in one society. The aim of the research is to point out the nature and characteristics of the digital economy, as well as its achieved level of development in the Republic of Serbia. The digital economy, showing its global nature, "leaked" to us, and the very process of digitization by the government was set as one of the three pillars of Serbia's development (in addition to economic growth and education). Using case-study method we found that Serbia is still very far from a massive digital lifestyle. Engaging in an ambitious regulatory reform process in the field of telecommunications: all digital services, applications and content depend on the availability of fast and secure infrastructure.
Erratum: Investigating micrometeorological differences between steppe, forest-steppe and forest environment in northern Serbia during a clear and sunny autumn day (2020, vol. 24, issue 3, p. 176-186, DOI: 10.5937/gp24-25885)
Authors: Editorial Board
Published: January 2021

In the article authored by Milošević D., Dunjić J., and Stojanović V., entitled "Investigating micrometeorological differences between steppe, forest-steppe and forest environment in northern Serbia during a clear and sunny autumn day" which was published in issue 3 (vol. 24) of Geographica Pannonica journal, one of the stated formulas (Method and data section, page 180, Humidex formula) has been misspelled in the stage of technical preparation of the article. We sincerely apologize to the readers for the inconvenience. With the author's permission, in this issue we publish the corrected formula.
Revolt and hope through social media: Review of the monograph by Manuel Castells - translated by V. Savić and D. Nikolić: Networks of Outrage and Hope: Social Movements in the Internet Age, Službeni glasnik, Belgrade, 2018
Authors: Ilić Teodora
Published: January 2021

This paper reviews Castells's book Networks of Outrage and Hope - Social Movements in the Internet Age which reaffirms the power of new social movements, pointing to their promotion in virtual space and concluding, on the basis of it, about their spontaneity, nonviolence and democracy as inherent characteristics, which can be problematized.
Rationalization of processes in storage system using ABC analysis and multi-criteria decision-making
Authors: Stević Željko , Ibrahimović Fatima , Mirčetić Dejan
Published: January 2021

Cost rationalization has become imperative in every economic system in order to create adequate foundations for its efficient and sustainable management. Competitiveness in the global market is extremely high and it is challenging to manage business and logistics systems, especially in regards to financial parameters. The presence of inventories is inevitability in every logistics system, and it tends to create adequate policies for their efficient and sustainable management. In order to be able to do this, it is necessary to determine which products represent the largest percentage share in the value of procurement, and which are the most represented quantitatively. In this paper, the warehouse of construction material that represents the wholesale system is considered. Taking into account that it is wholesale, it is necessary to determine what the procurement costs are and what the demand is for certain products. The grouping of products into three categories A, B and C was performed, after which it is necessary to identify appropriate suppliers for each category in order to rationalize procurement costs. Financial, logistical and quality parameters are taken into account. The FUCOM method has been used to determine the significance of these parameters and ARAS method is applied for supplier evaluation and selection.
Influence of the are of the channel's cross-section area on the critical speed of navigation
Authors: Škiljaica Ivan , Škiljaica Vladimir
Published: January 2021

Research presented in the paper refer to calculation of the influence of navigable channel's cross-section area, which belong to the Danube-Tisza-Danube (DTD) system, on critical speed of navigation of ships. During research relation between area of the channel's cross-section of certain sections of the channel on creating critical speed of navigation for one type of cargo ship of Serbian shipping companies which was designed for navigation on the channel network of the DTD system. It is known that the value of the first critical speed (vkr(1)), presents the base to determine the allowed speed of navigation (vpl) for the ship of known geometric and exploitation characteristic in the channel of known cross-sectional area (OK) with precisely defined dimensions.