bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) 316 on Calpain Gene in Aceh Cattle
Authors: Rosa Teuku S. , Azhar Al , Akmal Muslim , Hambal Muhammad , Lubis Triva M. , Ferasyi Teuku R. , Santosa Sukmawan F.
Published: February 2020

Genetic polymorphisms of μ-calpain, a calcium-dependent protease specifically expressed in muscle and related to meat tenderness, have been investigated in cattle worldwide, but not well documented in Indonesian beef cattle. This study was done to evaluate the frequency of SNP 316 in the μ-calpain gene in Aceh cattle, a local Indonesian beef cattle plays important role in the fulfillment of red meat for peoples in Aceh and its neighboring areas. For this purpose, genomic DNA was isolated from 29 sirloin meats samples collected from cull, female aceh cattle slaughtered at the Slaughter House of Banda Aceh. The cattle were purposively selected based on physical characteristics and hair colors referred to Indonesian law. For the SNP genotyping, PCR-RFLP methods were set up. The results showed all three genotypes namely CC, CG, and GG were found in Aceh cattle. The allele and genotype frequencies of SNP CAPN316 in the CAPN gene were: C – 0.14 and G – 0.86; CC – 3.4%, CG – 20.7% and GG – 75.9%. The observed and expected frequencies of CAPN SNP 316 in the cattle population examined were GG 22.0 and 21.6, CG 6.0 and 6.9, and CC 1.0 and 0.6.
Potential of Malacca leaf (Phyllanthus emblica) against Salmonella sp
Authors: Asmilia Nuzul , Abrar Mahdi , Fahrimal Yudha , Sutriana Amalia , Husna Yobeswi
Published: February 2020

Malacca is one of traditional medicine that possesses a potent antimicrobial activity. This study aims to determine the inhibitory activity of Malacca leaf extract on the growth of Salmonella sp in vitro. The bacteria was obtained from Microbiology Laboratory of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala. The study was conducted using n-hexane extract, ethyl acetate extract and ethanol of malacca leaves with dilution concentrations of 5%, 25%, and 50%.The inhibitory property of malacca leaf was tested using Kirby-Bauer method. Data were analyzed descriptively. The results of this study indicate that n-hexane extract, ethyl acetate extract and ethanol extract of malacca leaves can inhibit the growth of Salmonella sp. The n-hexane extract of malacca leaves showed a greater inhibition than the ethyl acetate and ethanol extract of malacca leaves. n-hexane extract with a concentration of 5%, 25%, and 50% showed average diameter inhibition of 1.35 mm (weak), 4.97 mm (moderate), and 12.87 mm (strong), respectively ethyl acetate extract with a concentration of 5%, 25%, and 50% showed average diameter inhibition of 2.00 mm (weak), 5.72 mm (moderate), and 7.58 mm (moderate), whereas in ethanol extract were 0.47 mm (weak), 2.58 mm (weak), and 4.35 mm (weak), repectively. The clear zone areas in negative and positive control were 0.00 mm 20.00 mm, respectively. Malacca leaf extract possess inhibitory property against the growth of the Salmonella sp.
Chemical Quality of Longissimus Muscles of Kacang Goat After Supplemented With A Combination of Palm Kernel Meal and Powdered Katuk Leaf
Authors: Razali Razali , Ferasyi Teuku R. , Azhari Azhari , Rastina Rastina , Ismail Ismail , Anwar Anwar , Hutasoit Rijanto , Tarigan Andi
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of supplementation of palm kernel meal (BIS), Katuk leaf powder (KAT), and their combination on the chemical quality of Longissimus dorsi muscle in Kacang goats. Twenty male Kacang goats aged +1.5 years old with the average live body weight of 15.42±1.28 kg were used in this research. A complete randomized design was used in this research; with 4 treatments and 5 replications. All goats were acclimatized for 2 weeks. Group P0 as control was given distilled water. Group P1 was given BIS at a dose of 100 gr/day/head. Group P2 was administered with BIS 100 gr/day/head and Katuk leaf powder 15 gr/day/head, and group P3 was given KAT 15 gr/day/head. The treatments were given twice per day for 35 consecutive days and goats were fed with leaves and grasses, and had access to water ad libitum. At the day 25 and 50 after treatment, goats were slaughtered according to standard commercial halal procedures. L. dorsi muscles were taken and subjected to measurement of moisture content, crude protein, fat, ash content, and cholesterol. The results showed that KAT statistically (P≤0,05) reduces cholesterol and fat contents of L. dorsi muscles. In conclusion, the administration of KAT may reduce cholesterol and fat.
The Histomorphological Study on Testicular Cells of Hypercholesterolemia Rats Treated by Polysaccharides of Sea Cucumber, Holothuria nobilis
Authors: Ulhusna Fitrah A. , Wresdiyati Tutik , Winarto Adi
Published: February 2020

Hypercholesterolemia is a condition characterized by the presence of high levels of plasma cholesterol. This study aims to determine the morphological change of testicular cells in hypercholesterolemia rats treated by polysaccharides of sea cucumber, Holothuria nobilis. This study used 15 Sprague Dawley rats which was divided into 4 groups: non-hypercholesterolemia group (K-), hypercholesterolemia group (K+), prevention group that were given 1% cholesterol and 400 mg/kg of body weight polysaccharides (ChP), and curative hypercholesterolemia group that treated by 400 mg/kg of body weight polysaccharides (PCh). The ChP and PCh groups were treated for 28 days. Testicular tissue was processed histologically, stained with hematoxylin-eosin and Cusson's trichrome staining, and observed using a light microscope. The results indicated that the treatment of sea cucumber polysaccharides could improve the healing process of interstitial cells (Leydig cell). However, the 28 days of hypercholesterolemia has not affected adversely on testicular spermatogenic cell development.
Profile of Haematology and Biochemistry of Aceh Polled and Horned Cow
Authors: Fahrimal Yudha , Asmilia Nuzul , Aisyah Siti , Yanti Fitri R. , Erina Erina , Athailah Faridha , Azhar Al
Published: February 2020

As one of the Local wisdom in Aceh, farmer prefers raising polled cow than horned cow for breeding purposes. They believe pole cow is more resilient in harsh conditions and reproductively better than the horned cow. The aim of this study was to evaluate blood profile and blood biochemistry of the aceh polled and horned cow. The blood profile examined includes erythrocyte value, erythrocyte indices MCV (Mean Corpuscular Volume), MCH (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin), MCHC (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration), thrombocyte, leukocyte, hematocrit, and hemoglobin, while blood biochemistry includes protein total, glucose, cholesterol, and ureum. Blood was collected from 15 aceh horned and 15 pole cow raised at Research Institute of Improved Livestock and Livestock Fodder (BPTU HPT) Indrapuri, Aceh Besar regency, province of Aceh, Indonesia. The cows were clinically healthy and aged 1,5-2,5 years old. Blood profile was measured using a hematology analyzer and blood biochemistry was measured using a Yuesen Med and Spectrophotometer. Based on the statistic analysis, blood profile and blood biochemistry of the aceh horned and polled cow on all parameters showed no significant difference (p>0,05). It is therefore concluded that there are no different value of blood profile and blood biochemistry between polled and horned cow.
Case Report Of Adenocarcinoma On Palpebral Of Rotweiler Dog: A Histopathological Evaluation
Authors: Aliza Dwinna , Nazaruddin Nazaruddin , Siregar Ari R. , Sayuti Arman , Etriwati Etriwati , Hasan Denny I. , Awaluddin Awaluddin
Published: February 2020

Eyelid neoplasms cases are the most frequently recorded ophthalmic tumors in dogs, which mostly benign and only few are reported as being malignant. Adenocarcinoma is one of malignant tumor reported in dog eyes beside fibrosarcoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and hemangiosarcoma. A case of adenocarcinoma in palpebral of a 6-year-old male rotweiller dog with 6month history of a progressive mass on the left eye was presented. Pathological examination showed a severe exophytic irregular pink to red cauliflower-like mass occupying all surface of the eye lid. A transpalpebral enucleation was performed to collect the mass, followed by histopathological slide preparation using Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) staining. Histopathological examination showed various sizes lobules separated by connective tissue. Many angioneogenesis figure were also observed. The irregular arranged of anaplastic cells was obviously seen with hyperchromatic and pleomorphic of the nuclei and various shapes and sizes of cell structures as well. There was no sign of encapsulated area, however, few mitotic figures were seen. The histopathological examination result confirmed the presence of adenocarcinoma.
Material Types of Breeding Container of Dengue Vectors in Kuta Alam Sub-District Banda Aceh City
Authors: Athaillah Farida , Hashim Nur A. , Hambal Muhammad , Vanda Henni , Fahrimal Yudha , Sari Wahyu E. , Bakri Muttaqien , Eliawardani Eliawardani , Liandi Lian V.
Published: February 2020

Aedes-borne arboviruses have emerged as an important public health problem throughout the world whereAedesspp. are the vectors responsible for this disease. This study was conducted to identify the material types of breeding containers ofAedesspp. larvae as one of the baseline data for Kuta Alam SubDistrict and to suggest suitableAedesprevention and control strategies. Larvae were identified morphologically and larval indices were also calculated. A total of 2436 containers out of 14 types of containers observed during study periods. The positive breeding containers were surveyed and classified into indoors and outdoors environments. The material of positive breeding container types found was classified into six categories; cement, ceramic, plastic, metal, rubber and glass. As many as 450 of the 2436 potential containers included in the survey, half of the positive containers are cement and plastic materials which represent 80% of the total both in rural and urban areas, indoors and outdoors environment. It was followed by ceramic (15%), metal (3%) and rubber (1%).Aedesspp. larvae were most abundant in cement and plastic material. Therefore, community mobilization towards eliminating human-made containers, either indoor or outdoor, is vital for the dengue control program.
Effect of Noni Fruit Extract (Morinda citri-folia L.) in CitrateYolk Diluent on The Boer Goat Spermatozoa Motility Stored at Temperature 5℃
Authors: Thasmi Cut N. , Ikhsanuddin Muhammad , Hamdan Hamdan , Dasrul Dasrul , Salim Muhammad N. , Azhar Al
Published: February 2020

This study was conducted to determine the best level of noni fruit extract (Morinda citrifoliaL) addition into citrate-yolk extender on the motility of boer goats spermatozoa preserved at 5℃. Semen was collected using artificial vagina once a week from 1 healthy male aged ±7 years,. The treatments were citrateyolk administrated by noni fruit extracts (P0: 0 g, P1: 2 g/100 ml, P2: 4 g/100 ml, P3: 6 g/100 ml, P4: 8 g/100 ml) and stored at 5℃. The parameters were motility spermatozoa percentage. Observations were made at 2, 24, 48, 72 96 hours after refrigeration. The data obtained was analyzed with split plot analysis of variance (ANOVA) follo wed by Duncan test. The average percentage of sperm motility after refrigated for 96 hours in the groups P0; P1; P2; P3; and P4 respectively was 24,20±0,83%; 34,40±4,61%; 40,20±5,71%; 14,64±21,63%; and 9,54±21,33%. The results showed that giving of noni fruit extract significantly affected (p<0,05) on the percentage of motility spermatozoa of boer goat after refrigeration. It was concluded that the administration of 4 g/100 ml noni fruit extract in citrateyolk after stored at 5℃ resulted a greater sperm motility for up to 96 hours.
Probabilistic reference model for hourly PV power generation forecasting
Authors: Fernandez-Jimenez L. Alfredo , Terreros-Olarte Sonia , Falces Alberto , Lara-Santillan Pedro M. , Zorzano-Alba Enrique , Zorzano-Santamaria Pedro J.
Published: February 2020

This paper presents a new probabilistic forecasting model of the hourly mean power production in a Photovoltaic (PV) plant. It uses the minimal information and it can provide probabilistic forecasts in the form of quantiles for the desired horizon, which ranges from the next hours to any day in the future. The proposed model only needs a time series of hourly mean power production in the PV plant, and it is intended to fill a gap in international literature where hardly any model has been proposed as a reference for comparison or benchmarking purposes with other probabilistic forecasting models. The performance of the proposed forecasting model is tested, in a case study, with the time series of hourly mean power production in a PV plant with 1.9 MW capacity. The results show an improvement with respect to the reference probabilistic PV power forecasting models reported in the literature.
Numerical modelling of water subsurface reservoirs during the operation phase in underground pumped storage hydropower plants
Authors: Menéndez Javier , Loredo Jorge
Published: February 2020

Underground pumped storage hydropower (UPSH) plants may be an alternative to store subsurface energy with lower environmental impacts than conventional pumped storage hydropower (PSH) plants. Network of tunnels in closed mines (i.e. coal mines) could be used as water lower reservoir of UPSH plants. The amount of storable energy depends on the water mass and the net head between upper and lower reservoirs. Depending on the direction of the water flow rate, pumping or turbine modes may be used to produce or consume electrical energy. Filling and emptying processes during the operation stage in the underground reservoir are complicated due to the presence of two fluids (water and air) interacting inside the network of tunnels. This paper explores the underground reservoir during the operation stage considering a water flow rate of 55 m3s-1. Two-phase three dimensional CFD numerical models using Ansys Fluent have been developed in order to know the behaviour of the air flow on tunnels and ventilation shaft. Static pressure and air velocity have been analyzed in the simulations at the exit of the ventilation shaft as well as the junction zone between the ventilation shaft and the tunnels network. The results obtained show that a static pressure up to 8,600 Pa and air velocities up to 80 m s-1 could be reached in turbine mode considering a vent shaft with 1 m in diameter. The static pressure increases up to 258,000 Pa if a ventilation shaft of 0.5 m in diameter is considered.
Optimization of the features extraction method in cyber physical systems of monitoring energy infrastructure facilities
Authors: Kats Vladislav , Volkov Andrey
Published: February 2020

The study presents an optimization method of sliding windows parameters selection in the features extraction procedure in cyber physical systems during data processing of the technical condition of energy and electric infrastructure facilities. The method is based on utilizing genetic algorithm and objective functions related to the quality of the classification of the defects by hazard degree. Proposed method was verified on the experimental data acquired from the technical condition monitoring of the vertical oil tanks. The results obtained from the experiment confirm the proposal that this method can be applied for effectively solving problems related to features extraction in monitoring, risk management and classification of maintenance defects in the power and electrical engineering facilities.
Simulation of energy consumption in urban areas
Authors: Garyaev Nikolay
Published: February 2020

One of the problems that may arise in the way of successful implementation of energy supply in urban areas is the difficulty of analyzing and interpreting a large amount of digital data received from various sensors. This problem may adversely affect the performance of energy organizations. The purpose of this study is to study modern tools to solve the problem of processing big data using technologies of simulation and artificial intelligence. This study is dedicated to the development of innovative digital models for the balanced distribution of energy consumption in urban areas.
Economic evaluation of solar hybrid electric systems for rural electrification
Authors: Okonkwo Paul C. , Murrgan Srinivasan , Barhoumi El Manaa , Al Housni Fadhil Khadoum , Ahmed Tofayel , Al-Alawi Nabil Abdul Rahim , Okonkwo Ebele Anastesia , Azubuike Nnamdi Michael
Published: February 2020

Diesel generators have long been in use in rural communities despite, the impact of emission caused by these generators to the environment. Due to the need for a greener environment, such electric generating systems seem not to be environmentally friendly and need to be addressed.Connection to the grid can also be expensive. This paper investigates the feasibility of employing hybrid electric system in rural communities. The HOMER software that analyzes system configuration was used to study the application and functional limitation of each hybridised arrangement. The result showed that the solar renewable energy (RE) based system has lower cost of capital cost, replacement cost and O&M cost with higher energy production compared to grid connected system, making the solar RE system most economically viable and a better candidate for the rural community electrification demands.
Optimal TCSC Allocation via Chaotic Immune Symbiotic Organisms Search for Voltage Profile Improvement
Authors: Mohamad Zamani Mohamad Khairuzzaman , Musirin Ismail , Suliman Saiful Izwan , Syed Mustaffa Sharifah Azma , Mohd Ali Nur Zahirah , Mansor Mohd Helmi , Abdul Hamid Zulkiffli
Published: February 2020

As the load demand in a power system increases, power system operators struggle to maintain the power system to be operated within its acceptable limits. If no mitigation actions are taken, a power system may suffer from voltage collapse, which in turn leads to blackout. Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) devices can be employed to help improve the voltage profile of the power system. This paper presents the implementation of Chaotic Immune Symbiotic Organism Search (CISOS) optimization technique to solve optimal Thyristor Controlled Series Compensator (TCSC) in a power system for voltage profile improvement. Validation process are conducted on IEEE 26-bus RTS resulting in the capability of CISOS in solving the allocation problem with a better voltage profile. Comparative studies conducted with respect to Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Evolutionary Programming (EP) has revealed the superiority of CISOS over PSO and EP in solving the optimal allocation problem by producing optimal solution with a better voltage profile. The results and information obtained from this study can help power system operator in terms of optimal compensation in power system as well as improving the operation of a power system.
Effect of measuring distance error on working phase voltage at zero potential live working point
Authors: Zhu Liang , Wang Zhenyu , Yang Qi , Guo Hao , Niu Jie
Published: February 2020

When the live working is carried out in the distribution network, the zero-potential charging operation is often used. The safety of zero-potential live working is closely related to the measurement distance error. The influence of the measurement error of the zero-potential live working point on the operating phase voltage needs to be studied. Based on the Floyd algorithm, a method for calculating the shortest electrical distance from the operating point to the substation is proposed. The sub-station is centered on the branch nodes of the line to form the distance matrix, and the Floyd algorithm is used to calculate the shortest electrical distance from the working point to the substation. The working phase injection voltage is further calculated based on the zero phase potential characteristics of the operating phase. Finally, based on the PSCAD, the system model is established. The simulation concludes that the distance between the substation and the working point is less than 20m, and the operating point voltage can still be below the safe voltage.
Strong Resonance Investigation and Suppression in PMSG integrated Power Systems
Authors: Luo Jianqiang , Bu Siqi , Wen Jiaxin , Hu Qian , Hu Yong , Wang Qi
Published: February 2020

Permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSGs) with full converters have been widely used in wind power generation due to its superior flexibility and controllability. However, under some circumstance, the oscillation modes of PMSG (POMs) may excite strong resonance with the electromechanical oscillation modes (EOMs) of the power system that degrades the power system small signal stability. In this paper, A two-open-loop subsystem model is firstly derived to analyze the oscillation modes. Then the POMs are investigated with modal analysis, the relationship between POMs and related controllers are clarified. On this basis, the strong resonance between PMSG and the external power system is revealed and identified. Furthermore, a five-step parameter tuning method is proposed to relocate the position of POM as well as suppress the strong resonance. Both modal analysis and time-domain simulations validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Accretion disks around young stars: the cradles of planet formation
Authors: Semenov Dmitry A. , Teague Richard D.
Published: February 2020

Protoplanetary disks around young stars are the birth sites of planetary systems like our own. Disks represent the gaseous dusty matter left after the formation of their central stars. The mass and luminosity of the star, initial disk mass and angular momentum, and gas viscosity govern disk evolution and accretion. Protoplanetary disks are the cosmic nurseries where microscopic dust grains grow into pebbles, planetesimals, and planets.
A dual hybrid virtual element method for plane elasticity problems
Authors: Artioli Edoardo , de Miranda Stefano , Lovadina Carlo , Patruno Luca
Published: February 2020

A dual hybrid Virtual Element scheme for plane linear elastic problems is presented and analysed. In particular, stability and convergence results have been established. The method, which is first order convergent, has been numerically tested on two benchmarks with closed form solution, and on a typical microelectromechanical system. The numerical outcomes have proved that the dual hybrid scheme represents a valid alternative to the more classical low-order displacement-based Virtual Element Method.
The Development of A Versatile Movable Barrier Solution
Authors: Li Meng
Published: February 2020

To reduce the accident risk of work zone on highway, a new movable barrier solution is presented in this paper. The barrier is effective, affordable, environment-friendly and versatile. It can raise the level of highway safety performance in work zone, median opening and tidal lane. The development of the versatile movable barrier took reliability, mobility, economical efficiency, construction convenience into account. Researchers optimized structure by finite element analysis as well as mechanic analysis. The finite element analysis was accomplished by LS-DYNA. This barrier set eventually passed simulated impact tests, which proved that it is able to fulfil the requirement of 160kj-level safety performance.
The best plan of evacuation in Louvre
Authors: Xiao Yao , Yan Yinqiao , Lei Yiqin
Published: February 2020

According to reports, since 2012, there have been 12 terrorist attacks in France. At the same time, the number of visitors of Louvre reached a peak of 8.1 million in 2017. Therefore, making an efficient evacuation plan in Louvre is particularly important. In our paper, we assume that the process of evacuation contains two main parts: the path from the starting point to the exit, and the location where the congestion may occur, such as stairs and exits. For the first part, we use the ant colony optimization algorithm to find the optimal path and get how many flows arrive at each exit. For the second part, as we already know the number of flows, we can use queuing theory to determine whether it is congested or not and calculate the corresponding congestion time. Finally, the optimal evacuation path and the corresponding time are obtained. In addition, associated with the application "Affluences" used in Louvre, some devices are designed to measure the average speed of the crowd movement. If the average speed is below a threshold value, an emergency exit will be opened to improve the evacuation process.
Greenery buildings Significance of courtyard houses design in the Arab world
Authors: AlKubaisy Falah
Published: February 2020

Serious and sober architecture comes from the concept that evolves through time and across generations, and shows its sustainability through innovation and business which is becoming a crucial move along with the product at the time and place of occurrence. Aspirations of the community, cultural identity and urban context are linked to the environment in which they arise. To some extent and up to the middle of the Twentieth Century, the architecture of each country and region reflected the heritage and environment of the residents who dwelled in that part of the area. With the effect of globalization and misuse of the “copy-paste” method, ready-deformed designs have disintegrated architecture in societies. This is inherited through a primitive thought fully dependent on the least efforts of designing. The consequences of this behavior have produced buildings without identity which do not meet the requirements of sustainable development. This article highlights the best practices by ensuring a sustainable environmental community in Bahrain and shows that this has been tackling the issue from top to bottom, by setting a sustainable strategy for the country and introducing a guideline of green building code. However, lack of building regulations is obvious and needs to be revised in favorites of greenery and saving lands to allow housing developers to build on the edge of the land plot without a setback from three sides of the land. This will have a flexible solution in designing a court-yard type which demonstrated a successful solution for the need of families as well as saving energy. Environmental best practices are led by the private sector, and some good examples of design have the quality of life. Creative designs can be appreciated when they reflect and inspire the past for the need of the present and looking forward to the future.
Première image d’un trou noir
Authors: Combes Françoise
Published: February 2020

La nouvelle est arrivée le 10 avril 2019 : une grande collaboration internationale d’astronomes a réussi à réaliser l’image d’un trou noir supermassif, tel qu’il en existe dans pratiquement tous les noyaux de galaxies [1].

Il s’agit du trou noir au centre de la galaxie Messier 87 (M87), galaxie principale de l’amas de la Vierge, situé à 50 millions d’années-lumière de la Terre, et dont la masse est de 6,5 109 masses solaires (Msol).
Les membres de la Société Française de Physique et la culture scientifique
Authors: Hennequin Daniel , Vedel Fernande
Published: February 2020

Cet article présente la synthèse des résultats d’une enquête de la SFP auprès de ses adhérents, sur la culture scientifique dans la société française. Elle fait suite à une tribune sur ce sujet, parue en février 2018 dans le Huffington Post.

La publication des résultats de cette enquête a été plusieurs fois reportée, pour des raisons techniques et éditoriales. Cette publication est donc très tardive, mais ses résultats quant à la perception de l’importance et du rôle de la culture scientifique dans notre société et au sein de la SFP restent d’actualité.
Auswirkungen hoher Umgebungstemperaturen auf laktierende Milchkühe – unter praxisüblichen Bedingungen in Norddeutschland von
Bedeutung?
Authors: Rieger Hanna , Kölln Mareike , Sürie Christian , Mohwinkel Hartmut , Visscher Christian
Published: February 2020

Ziel Erhebung quantitativer Daten zu Auswirkungen von hohen Umgebungstemperaturen auf Milchkühe unter praxisüblichen Bedingungen in Süd-Niedersachsen.

Material und Methoden Im Milchviehbestand des Lehr- und Forschungsgutes Ruthe der Stiftung Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover wurden im Sommer 2018 (Mitte
Juli bis Ende September) die stallklimatischen Bedingungen erfasst und die Futteraufnahme und Milchleistung der Herde sowie die Atemfrequenz und
Rektaltemperatur von ausgewählten Kühen (n = 10) als Indikatoren für Hitzestress ermittelt. Darüber hinaus erfolgten Temperaturmessungen im Futter (Silagen,
Teil-TMR) und in den Futterresten.

Ergebnisse Trotz der bereits zu Beginn des Beobachtungszeitraumes recht hohen Außentemperaturen (19,6–23,0° C im Tagesmittel) traten während einer
Hitzeperiode (bis zu 27,9° C im Tagesmittel) deutliche Reduktionen in der Trockensubstanzaufnahme aus der Teil-TMR (ca. –15 %) und der Milchleistung (ca. –8 %)
auf. Es bestand eine signifikante negative Korrelation zwischen der Trockensubstanzaufnahme aus der Teil-TMR und dem Temperature Humidity Index im Stall
(Tagesmittelwert) sowie eine signifikante positive Korrelation zwischen der Trockensubstanzaufnahme aus der Teil-TMR und der Milchleistung. Diese Beziehungen
waren jeweils besonders eng, wenn die Auswertung um 1 Tag versetzt erfolgte (Korrelationskoeffizienten nach Spearman: –0,774 und 0,766 bzw. –0,796 und 0,800; p
< 0,0001). An Tagen mit hohen Außentemperaturen ließ sich bei einem erheblichen Anteil der untersuchten Einzeltiere (bis zu 100 %) eine Hyperthermie (>
39° C) feststellen.

Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz Die Ergebnisse sprechen dafür, dass Hitzestress bei Milchkühen in den Sommermonaten auch in hiesigen Regionen
unter extremen klimatischen Bedingungen in erheblichem Umfang auftritt und mit deutlichen Leistungseinbußen einhergehen kann. Aufgrund der aus der Literatur
bekannten weitreichenden Konsequenzen von Hitzestress für die Tiergesundheit und das Leistungsniveau verdient die zeitweise hohe Frequenz des Auftretens einer
Hyperthermie bei laktierenden Kühen in dieser Studie Beachtung. Für die tierärztliche Praxis ist die Differenzierung zwischen hyperthermischen und fieberhaften
Zuständen unter diesen Bedingungen von besonderer Bedeutung.
Praktische Erfahrungen zur Behandlung einer mandibulären Osteomyelitis („lumpy jaw“) mit Gamithromycin bei einem Muntjak
Authors: Wagener Matthias Gerhard , Schwennen Cornelia , Punsmann Teresa Maria , Meilwes Johanna Maria , Ganter Martin
Published: February 2020

Mandibuläre Osteomyelitiden kommen sowohl bei Haus- als auch bei Wildwiederkäuern immer wieder vor. Die entzündlichen Veränderungen des Kiefers werden dabei
nicht nur von Actinomyces ssp. verursacht, sondern es kommen auch andere bakterielle Erreger ursächlich in Betracht. Im Fall eines Muntjaks aus privater
Haltung, der mit Fressunlust und einer soliden Umfangsvermehrung am Körper des rechten Unterkiefers vorgestellt wurde, ließ sich röntgenologisch eine
mandibuläre Osteomyelitis diagnostizieren. Eine antibiotische Behandlung mit Gamithromycin (Zactran®) über 50 Tage führte zu einer Verbesserung des
Fressverhaltens und einem Rückgang der Umfangsvermehrung an der Mandibula. Bei Kontrolluntersuchungen nach 18 und 28 Monaten zeigte sich eine gute
Remodellierung des betroffenen Unterkieferkörpers, die allerdings mit dem Verlust aller Backenzähne einherging. Die alleinige Langzeitverabreichung von
Gamithromycin ist möglicherweise eine erfolgreiche Behandlungsmethode für die mandibuläre Osteomyelitis bei Wiederkäuern.
Nachweis von Actinobacillus equuli ssp. equuli bei Saugferkeln mit eitriger Polyarthritis und Tendovaginitis
Authors: Maul Christiane , Suchowski Marcel , Klose Kristin , Antov Vladislav , Pfeffer Martin , Schwarz Bernd-Andreas
Published: February 2020

Actinobacillus equuli ssp. equuli ist ein opportunistischer Erreger des Pferdes, der u. a. als Auslöser der Fohlenfrühlähme bekannt ist. Beim
Schwein gibt es vergleichsweise wenige Beschreibungen zu Erkrankungen bedingt durch diese gramnegative Bakterienspezies. Der Bericht beschreibt den Ausbruch
einer Infektion in einem kombinierten Zuchtbetrieb mit angeschlossener Mast. Im September 2018 traten bei etwa einem Drittel neugeborener Saugferkel aus Würfen
von Jung- und Altsauen folgende Symptome auf: Normal entwickelte Ferkel zeigten nach etwa 6–8 Stunden post partum umfangsvermehrte Gelenke in Zusammenhang mit
gering- bis hochgradig ausgeprägten Stütz- und/oder Hangbeinlahmheiten. Die Ferkel wiesen ein reduziertes Allgemeinbefinden auf und befanden sich teilweise in
Seitenlage. Innerhalb der ersten Lebenstage kam es zu einer erhöhten Mortalität. Bei 4 der zur Untersuchung eingesandten 7 Saugferkel (2./3. Lebenstag) erfolgte
eine pathologisch-anatomische Untersuchung. Hauptbefunde waren eitrige Polyarthritiden und Tendovaginitiden. Bei einem Tier lagen zudem eitrige Entzündungsherde
in Gehirn und Nieren vor. Bei der bakteriologischen Untersuchung ließ sich in 18 Lokalisationen (Gehirn, Gelenke, eitrig-abszedierende Veränderungen an
Gliedmaßen) A. equuli ssp. equuli nachweisen, zum Teil in Reinkultur. Zur Identifizierung des Erregers wurden kulturell-biochemische Eigenschaften
überprüft und ein Massenspektrometrie-Verfahren (MALDI-TOF-MS) angewendet. Als molekularbiologische Methoden dienten sowohl die Sequenzanalyse des 16S-rRNA-Gens
als auch eine PCR zum Nachweis ausgewählter apx-Toxin-Gene sowie eine die beiden Subspezies differenzierende PCR. Die Eintragsquelle und die Erregerübertragung
im Bestand konnten abschließend nicht aufgeklärt werden. Aus den Isolaten wurde eine bestandsspezifische Vakzine hergestellt und eingesetzt.
Vorkommen und Bedeutung von Leukozyten im Kolostrum
Authors: Demattio Lukas , Wehrend Axel
Published: February 2020

Leukozyten konnten bereits bei vielen Tierarten als physiologischer Bestandteil des Kolostrums identifiziert werden und kommen in speziesspezifischer Menge und
unterschiedlichen Anteilen der verschiedenen Leukozyten-Subpopulationen vor. Während früher vermutet wurde, dass Leukozyten nur akzidentell aus dem Blut ins
Kolostrum gelangen oder Anzeichen einer Mastitis sind, weiß man heute, dass sie über verschiedene Mechanismen aktiv in die Milch einwandern. Die Arbeit gibt
anhand einer Literaturübersicht einen Überblick über die Bedeutung kolostraler Leukozyten. Analog zum Übergang maternaler Immunglobuline geht auch mit
maternalen Leukozyten mütterliche Immunität auf den Neonaten über. Die über das Kolostrum aufgenommenen Leukozyten werden enteral resorbiert, verteilen sich im
Organismus des Neugeborenen und reichern sich in verschiedenen Organen an, ohne dabei ihre immunologischen Eigenschaften zu verlieren. Dabei werden nur
Leukozyten des eigenen Muttertieres aufgenommen. Die übertragenen Zellen des maternalen Immunsystems ergänzen das Immunsystem des Neugeborenen. Verschiedene
Studien konnten zeigen, dass sie nicht nur selbst eine immunologische Wirkung entfalten, sondern auch regulierend auf das Immunsystem des Neonaten wirken.
Insbesondere der Übergang von T-Helferzellen und anderen regulativen Zelltypen des maternalen Immunsystems ermöglicht eine Reifung und Prägung des Immunsystems
des Neonaten. Verfahren zur Behandlung von Kolostrum wie Mischen, Einfrieren, Erhitzen und Ansäuern sollten unter diesen Gesichtspunkten neu bewertet
werden.
Nachhaltigkeit in der ambulanten pneumologischen Rehabilitation bei Patienten mit Asbestose
Authors: Dalichau S. , Möller T.
Published: February 2020

Hintergrund Die vorliegende Studie verfolgt die Fragestellung, ob und inwieweit Patienten mit Asbestose langfristig von einer ambulanten medizinischen Rehabilitation (AMR) profitieren, die sich überwiegend aus bewegungs- und sporttherapeutischen Inhalten zusammensetzt und auf die Sicherung von Nachhaltigkeitseffekten ausgelegt ist.

Methode 157 männliche Asbestosepatienten im Lebensalter von 65,2 ± 5,7 Jahren durchliefen 5-mal wöchentlich à 6 h über 3 Wochen Phase 1 (Aufbauphase) der AMR, bestehend aus standardisierten Inhalten der pneumologischen Rehabilitation. In der direkt folgenden Phase 2 (Stabilisierungsphase) absolvierten die Patienten 1-mal wöchentlich à 3 h über 12 Wochen weitere therapeutische Applikationen mit Schwerpunkt auf der Sport- und Bewegungstherapie und wurden anschließend in wohnortnahe Gesundheitssportgruppen überführt (Erhaltungsphase). Die Effekte der AMR wurden zu Beginn (T1), am Ende der Phase 1 (T2) und 2 (T3) sowie 6 (T4) und 20 Monate nach Phase 2 (T5) evaluiert. 61 Patienten (73,5 Jahre ± 5,6) konnten 6 weitere Jahre nach T5 (T6) ohne zwischenzeitliche Betreuung erneut untersucht werden.

Ergebnisse 72,1 % der 61 Patienten (n = 44) absolvierten in T5 als auch in T6 8 Jahre nach T1 noch 2-mal wöchentlich Gesundheitssport und konnten sowohl ihre körperliche Leistungsfähigkeit (6-Minuten-Gehtest, Handkraft, PWC-Test) als auch die wahrgenommene Lebensqualität (SF-36, Baseline-/Transition-Dyspnoe-Index) altersentsprechend erhalten, während die Reha-Effekte der 17 Patienten, die nach T3 jegliche sportliche Aktivität abgebrochen hatten, signifikant (p < ,01) unter den Status quo ante in T1 zurückfielen.

Schlussfolgerungen Trotz einer irreversiblen restriktiven Lungenerkrankung kann eine gezielte Sport- und Bewegungstherapie eine Konditionierung im Sinne einer Aktivierung vorhandener Leistungsreserven sowie konsekutiv eine Vergrößerung der Lebensqualität und Belastbarkeit im Alltag bewirken. Diese positiven Effekte lassen sich durch ein regelmäßiges Training langfristig stabilisieren. Die Ergebnisse unterstreichen die Notwendigkeit der Einbindung von Nachsorgestrategien in das Rehabilitationskonzept unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Selbstwirksamkeitserwartung.
Giardien bei Hund und Katze – Krankheitsbild, Diagnostik und Therapie
Authors: Noack Katrin
Published: February 2020

Aufgrund des hohen Infektionsrisikos und des zoonotischen Potenzials für den Menschen, sollten Hunde und Katzen bei Giardien-Verdacht auf diesen Erreger untersucht und bei positivem Befund behandelt werden.

Die Behandlung von Giardieninfektionen kann langwierig und frustrierend sein. Ob Therapieversager durch ein Nichtansprechen auf die Wirkstoffe oder durch ständige Reinfektionen entstehen, lässt sich im Einzelfall kaum abklären.

Dazu kommt, dass eine klinisch manifeste Giardieninfektion oft bei jungen Tieren im Welpenalter auftritt und diese Tiere dann in den Intervallen zwischen den Behandlungen zusätzlich geimpft werden, den Besitzer wechseln oder anderen Stressoren ausgesetzt sind, die chronische Magen-Darm-Probleme begünstigen.

Häufig führen erst begleitende Maßnahmen wie eine Stärkung der Immunität, Magen-Darm-Diäten, Aufbau der Magen-Darm-Flora und Senkung des Infektionsdrucks zum Erfolg.
Frakturen der langen Röhrenknochen beim Rind
Authors: Hampe Marian
Published: February 2020

Feist M, Rieger A, Müller C et al. Frakturen der langen Röhrenknochen beim Rind: Eine retrospektive Auswertung der Therapie und des Verlaufs bei 194 Tieren.
Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd 2019; 161 (9): 509–521

Frakturen an den Gliedmaßen des Rindes treten häufiger auf und betreffen vor allem Jungtiere. Sie entstehen oft durch Unfälle, bei unbeobachteten Geburten
oder infolge eines unsachgemäßen Auszugs. Aufgrund ihrer guten Knochenheilung und ihres ruhigen Wesens kommt es bei Rindern selten zu Komplikationen bei der
Heilung. Bei der Behandlung spielen außer Art und Lokalisation des Bruchs der allgemeine Gesundheitszustand des Tieres, die verfügbaren technischen
Möglichkeiten und die Kosten eine wichtige Rolle. Neben konservativen Behandlungsmethoden stehen operative Techniken zur Verfügung. Die Studie untersuchte
Ursachen, Lokalisation, Behandlungsverfahren und Heilungsverlauf von Frakturen der langen Röhrenknochen sowie prognostische Faktoren für die
Heilung.
Untersuchung zur Prüfungsvorbereitung von Studierenden der Veterinärmedizin
Authors: Ehrich Felix , Tipold Andrea , Ehlers Jan P. , Schaper Elisabeth
Published: February 2020

Gegenstand und Ziel Im Rahmen einer Studie zur Kompetenzorientierung in Prüfungen wurde an der Stiftung Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover (TiHo) eine
Befragung der Studierenden zur Prüfungsvorbereitung und zu den Prüfungsformaten vorgenommen. Das Ziel dieser Studie war die Bewertung der eingesetzten
Prüfungsformate. Erfasst wurden auch die Intensität und Art der Vorbereitung auf die Prüfungen, um aus den gewonnenen Daten eine Weiterentwicklung von
Prüfungsformaten umsetzen zu können.

Material und Methoden Die Datenerhebung erfolgte mithilfe eines mit LimeSurvey® (LimeSurvey GmbH, Hamburg) erstellten Online-Fragebogens, der
29 Fragen und 3 Folgefragen beinhaltete. Ein Link zum Fragebogen wurde an alle Studierenden der Tiermedizin an der TiHo per E-Mail versendet.

Ergebnisse Für die Auswertung standen insgesamt 215 vollständig ausgefüllte Fragebögen zur Verfügung. Es zeigte sich, dass die Dauer der
Prüfungsvorbereitung vom Prüfungsformat abhängt. So bereiten sich Studierende deutlich länger auf eine mündliche Prüfung vor als auf eine
schriftlich-elektronische Prüfung. Die Prüfungsinhalte mündlicher Prüfungen erscheinen den Studierenden „berufsrelevant“, während elektronische Prüfungen als
„gerechter“ und weniger belastend empfunden werden. 30,2 % der Befragten gaben an, unter Prüfungsangst zu leiden.

Schlussfolgerung Aus den Erkenntnissen können neue Handlungsempfehlungen zur Erstellung von Lehr-/Lernmaterialien abgeleitet werden. Das erhobene
Meinungsbild der Studierenden bietet einen aktuellen Einblick in die Wahrnehmung von Prüfungen. Dies kann als wertvoller Beitrag zur Optimierung von
Prüfungsszenarien in der tiermedizinischen Ausbildung dienen. Gleichzeitig stellen solche Umfragen einen Beitrag für das hochschulweite Qualitätsmanagement im
Prüfungswesen dar.
MITARBEITERFÜHRUNG: Neue Führungskräfte braucht das Land
Authors: Ekkernkamp Axel
Published: February 2020

Es gibt in der Arbeitswelt wohl nur noch ganz wenige Bereiche, die so hierarchisch strukturiert sind wie Krankenhäuser.
KLINIKUNTERNEHMEN: AUF-/ABSTEIGER DES MONATS
Authors: Schmidt Hartmut
Published: February 2020

Börsenexperte Hartmut Schmidt analysiert für kma die Jahresabschlüsse ausgewählter Kliniken
GEWIG DACH: Gesundheitswirtschaftsgipfel im Dreiländereck: Besser helfen
Authors: Thalmayr Maria
Published: February 2020

Korrekturen am Gesundheitssystem sind tricky. Die Beseitigung des einen erzeugt nicht selten postwendend ein neues Problem. Veranstalter und Wissenschaftliche Beiräte des Gesundheitswirtschaftsgipfels (GeWiG) DACH am 6. und 7. Mai 2020 in Friedrichshafen möchten um die entscheidenden Ecken weiterdenken. Praktikable, zukunftstaugliche Lösungen für unsere Gesundheitsversorgung – erstmals grenz- und berufsgruppenüberschreitend entwickelt aus der Expertise der Vielen – sind Ziel der neuen Ideenschmiede im Dreiländereck.
THIEME MANAGEMENT AWARD 2019: Wir gratulieren!
Authors: Ehrhardt-Joswig Jana
Published: February 2020

Alljährlich beginnt das Jahr für die deutsche Gesundheitswirtschaft mit einem Paukenschlag: der Verleihung des Thieme Management Awards.
PERSONALVORGABEN PSYCHIATRIE: Streit um PPP-RL: Fortschreiben des Status quo
Authors: Heeser Alexandra
Published: February 2020

Seit dem 1. Januar müssen auch psychiatrische und psychosomatische Einrichtungen eine Mindestpersonalausstattung vorhalten. Diese Richtlinie, die die Versorgungsqualität in der Psychiatrie verbessern sollte, sorgte bereits im Vorfeld für viel Wirbel – gerade seitens der Verbände und Angehörigen. kma spricht dazu mit Professor Arno Deister, der an dieser Richtlinie mitgearbeitet hat.
TEAMENTWICKLUNG: Neustart auf ZN 24
Authors: Kohrs Jens
Published: February 2020

Die Lage in der Neurochirurgie am Uniklinikum Düsseldorf war ernst. Medizin und Pflege arbeiteten aneinander vorbei. Es herrschten eine hohe Fluktuation und ein hoher Krankenstand. Doch es gelang, die Problemstation zur Vorzeigestation zu machen. Das Modell will das UKD jetzt auf weiteren Stationen nutzen.
Stuart vortices on a hyperbolic sphere
Authors: Yoon Jongbin , Yim Habin , Kim Sun-Chul
Published: February 2020

This study investigates the vortical Stuart solution of the inviscid incompressible 2D fluid flow on the surface of a hyperbolic sphere with a constant negative curvature. The cases of bilinear and polynomial functions and their composites are analyzed and illustrated in detail. Similarities and differences with the planar and the spherical cases are explained. The limiting solution in terms of the point vortex flow is also interpreted.
From cellular to molecular mechanobiology
Authors: Zhu Cheng , Lee Cho-yin , McIntire Larry V.
Published: February 2020

Mechanobiology at the cellular level is concerned with what phenotypes that cells exhibit to maintain homeostasis in their normal physiological mechanical environment, as well as what phenotypical changes that cells have to make when their environment is altered. Mechanobiology at the molecular level aims to understand the molecular underpinning of how cells sense, respond to, and adapt to mechanical cues in their environment. In this Perspective, we use our work inspired by and in collaboration with Professor Shu Chien as an example with which we connect the mechanobiology between the cellular and molecular levels. We discuss how physical forces acting on intracellular proteins may impact protein–protein interaction, change protein conformation, crosstalk with biochemical signaling molecules, induce mechanotransduction, and alter the cell structure and function.
Radiation-induced electron and hole traps in Ge1 − xSnx (x = 0–0.094)
Authors: Hogsed Michael , Choe Kevin , Miguel Norman , Wang Buguo , Kouvetakis John
Published: February 2020

The band structure of germanium changes significantly when alloyed with a few percent concentrations of tin, and while much work has been done to characterize and exploit these changes, the corresponding deep-level defect characteristics are largely unknown. In this paper, we investigate the dominant deep-level defects created by 2 MeV proton irradiation in Ge1 − xSnx (x = 0.0, 0.020, 0.053, 0.069, and 0.094) diodes and determine how the ionization energies of these defects change with tin concentrations. Deep-level transient spectroscopy measurements approximate the ionization energies associated with electron transitions to/from the valence band (hole traps) and conduction band (electron traps) in the intrinsic regions of p-i-n diode test structures. The prominent deep-level hole traps may be associated with divacancies, vacancy–tin complexes, and vacancy–phosphorous complexes (V2, V–Sn, and V–P, respectively), with the presumed V–P hole trap dominating after room temperature annealing. The ionization energy level of this trap (approximated by the apparent activation energy for hole emission) is close to the intrinsic Fermi level in the 0% and 2% Sn devices and decreases as the tin concentration is increased, maintaining an approximately fixed energy spacing below the indirect conduction band edge. The other hole traps follow this same trend, and the dominant electron trap ionization energies remain roughly constant with changes in tin concentrations, indicating they are likewise pinned to the conduction band edge. These results suggest a pattern that may, in many cases, apply more generally to deep-level defects in these alloys, including those present in the “as-grown” materials.