bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterization of the UV-Visible absorption spectra of manganese(III) porphyrins with time-dependent density functional theory calculations
Authors: Fodor Melinda A. , Szabó Péter , Lendvay György , Horváth Ottó
Published: June 2021

Mn(III) porphyrins display a unique UV–Vis spectrum: compared to the free-base and other metalloporphyrins, a strong red shift of the Soret-band and several extra bands can be observed in their spectra. To understand this behavior, we have recorded the UV–Vis spectra of differently substituted water-soluble Mn(III) porphyrins and conducted extensive theoretical investigations using time-dependent density functional theory. The calculated optical transitions, using the O3LYP functional, agree well with the measured absorption bands. According to the spectral interpretation, the Soret-band involves a mixture of L–L and ligand-to-metal charge transfer excitations, while the Q-bands and the higher-energy bands in the UV region correspond to pure LMCT as well as to ligand to metal-ligand mixed orbital excitations. The impact of the explicit and implicit water solvent on the spectral features is also discussed.
Gestaltung eines virtuellen Fabrikplanungsprozesses
Authors: Augustin Harald , Al-Shahmani Halla , Dreßler Eva , Krafzik Christopher , Liebler Christian , Schmidt Pascal
Published: June 2021

Fabrikplanungsprozesse werden zunehmend durch räumlich und zeitlich verteilte Teams durchgeführt, die agiles Projektmanagement praktizieren. Voraussetzung für den Erfolg ist die Anwendung von Planungssystemen der Digitalen Fabrik sowie moderner Groupware zur Kommunikation, Koordination und Kooperation in den agilen Projektgruppen der jeweiligen Planungsphase. Es wird ein Konzept mit Implementierungshinweisen für einen zukunftsfähigen Fabrikplanungsprozess mit digitalen Systemen vorgestellt.
Methode zur Gestaltung des Anlernprozesses in der manuellen Montage
Authors: Maier Maria , Tropschuh Barbara , Teubner Severin , Reinhart Gunther
Published: June 2021

Arbeitsaufgaben in der Montage werden durch kundenindividuelle Produkte zur Bedienung des Käufermarktes komplexer. Die Mitarbeitenden, die aufgrund des Fachkräftemangels unterschiedliche Voraussetzungen haben, werden durch den arbeitsplatzbezogenen Anlernprozess für ihre Arbeitsaufgabe qualifiziert. In diesem Beitrag wird eine Planungsmethode zur Strukturierung des Anlernprozesses vorgestellt. Anhand einer Mitarbeiter- und Arbeitsplatzbewertung werden die benötigten Ressourcen und Lernmethoden ausgewählt.
Transformationsprozesse – Qualifizierung mit Serious Games
Authors: Rieckmann Jens Mathis , Knothe Thomas , Torka Jan
Published: June 2021

Transformationsprozesse hin zu intelligent vernetzten Produktionssystemen sind komplex und dynamisch. Dabei ist insbesondere auf die Einwirkungen von außen zu reagieren. Die Mitarbeiterqualifizierung muss dies berücksichtigen und gleichzeitig so realitätsnah und so einfach wie möglich sein. In diesem Beitrag wird erläutert, wie ein Serious Game für schlanke Produktionssysteme so erweitert werden kann, dass neben den wichtigen Lean-Grundlagen entscheidende Fähigkeiten für die erfolgreiche Realisierung einer Digitalisierung trainiert werden.
Mit Predictive Quality in die Zukunft sehen
Authors: Beckschulte Sebastian , Günther Robin , Huebser Louis , Schmitt Robert H.
Published: June 2021

Rund 70 Prozent alle produzierenden Unternehmen lassen das stetig zunehmende und verfügbare Wissen in ihren Produkt- und Prozessdaten ungenutzt. Mithilfe eines Machine-Learning-Ansatzes wird exemplarisch aufgezeigt, wie man einer solchen Art der Verschwendung entgegensteuern kann und Wettbewerbs- und Kompetenzvorteile sichtbar werden. Durch Predictive Quality wird der Anwender befähigt, präskriptiv zu handeln und zukünftige Ereignisse zu steuern.
Neue Potenziale für die Schleifbearbeitung von Superlegierungen
Authors: Hartig Jörg , Kirsch Benjamin , Aurich Jan C.
Published: June 2021

Nickel-Basis-Legierungen sind aufgrund ihrer hervorragenden mechanischen, thermischen und chemischen Eigenschaften schwer zerspanbar. Die geringe Wärmeleitfähigkeit und die hohe Reibungswärme bei der Schleifbearbeitung führen zu einer unzureichenden Wärmeabfuhr aus der Kontaktzone. Die Folge sind Randzonenschädigungen und ein erhöhter Werkzeugverschleiß. Durch die Anwendung von PVD-Beschichtungen sollen Reibungsvorgänge und chemische Wechselwirkungen in der Kontaktzone reduziert und die Kornhaltekraft verbessert werden.
VR-basierte Entwicklungswerkzeuge für die virtuelle Inbetriebnahme
Authors: Masuhr Christian , Konkol Kathrin , Geiger Andreas , Stark Rainer
Published: June 2021

In Kooperation zwischen der BenThor automation s.r.o. und dem Fraunhofer IPK wurde ein System entwickelt, welche eine Inbetriebnahme von Robotern in einer Virtual-Reality-Umgebung ermöglicht. Intuitive Interaktionsmethoden gestatten es Nutzern schneller und effizienter arbeiten zu können. Die Integration Digitaler Zwillinge erlaubt zudem kürzere Entwicklungszyklen. Grundlage ist eine Softwarearchitektur, die eine Interaktion mit der Simulation des realen Roboters in VR ermöglicht.
Axes of a multidisciplinary model for sustainable innovation: Life transition after COVID-19
Authors: Serafín Muñoz Alma Hortensia , Vidaurri Aréchiga José Eduardo , Rodríguez Castrejón Ulises Emiliano , Rendón Huerta Barrera Teresita de Jesús , Mendoza Puga Luis Enrique
Published: June 2021

In the post COVID-19 era, the current sustainability model should be adjusted to the current life transition considering the lessons learned in this atypical era. The current sustainability model, which is composed of three axes: environment, economy, and society, seems insufficient. It should integrate the axes of health, from an environmental health perspective (not only anthropogenic), and legislation within a detailed analysis in the standardization towards a balanced trend in harmony with the environment. In addition, innovation is proposed as a transversal axis. Based on a detailed analysis of more than 400 published works on sustainability, this work proposes a new conceptual model centered on a multidisciplinary perspective, analyzing and integrating each of the proposed axes. This conceptual model represents a strategic correlation between each axis towards a sense of globalized benefit and an environmentally-friendly life transition, hence, respecting the health of the planet.
Sika deer in Bronze Age Guanzhong: sustainable wildlife exploitation in ancient China?
Authors: Li Yue , Zhang Chengrui , Chen Honghai , Wang Zhen , Qian Yaopeng
Published: June 2021

The interplay between sustainability and anthropogenic landscape transformation is crucial to understanding the past decline and eradication of wild animals. The Bronze Age site of Zaoshugounao is located in the Guanzhong region of China, an area critical in the formation and development of early Chinese civilisation. Drawing upon zooarchaeological, palaeoenvironmental and textual evidence, analysis of sika deer remains from Zaoshugounao reveals sustainable sika deer-hunting strategies at the site, despite an overall long-term trend in the sika deer population decline and habitat loss. The authors’ results highlight the complexity and diversity of human-sika relations and contribute to ongoing discussions surrounding wild animal eradication and conservation in China.
Ein Blick in Hossers Küche. Analyse der Rechnungslegung des Küchenmeisters Jakob Hosser über die bei der Belagerung der Burg Weineck (1292) aufgewendeten Lebensmittel
Authors: Pellegrini Mattia
Published: June 2021

A look into Hosser's kitchen. Analysis of chef Jakob Hosser's accounts on food used during the siege of Weineck Castle (1292)The following seminar paper examines the catering of Otto von Königsberg's troops at the siege of Weineck Castle in 1292. Firstly, the dispute between Meinhard II. and the Bishops of Trient as well as older Tyrolean accounting books are discussed. Then, the primary sources – Hosser’s accounts – are analyzed. It will be shown that Hosser’s records allow interesting conclusions on the diet of the siege troops and the chef's purchasing of goods. The analysis shows among other things that the food supply was highly differentiated, consisted largely of animal products and was subject to certain fluctuations.
The assessment of local site effects and dynamic behaviour in Nicosia, Cyprus
Authors: Dindar Hilmi , Akgün Mustafa , Atalar Cavit , Cevdet Özdağ Özkan
Published: June 2021

Single-station microtremor measurements were conducted to investigate earthquake and soil behaviour for the first time in Nicosia, Cyprus. Cyprus is located in a tectonically complex area in the Eastern Mediterranean where three plates meet. The study area was chosen to cover the areas to be opened for new development. Nicosia, the capital of Cyprus, is also the island's most important cultural, industrial, commercial, and transportation centre. The study creates base maps for the soil to assess earthquake resistance crucial for construction. Microtremor Method was applied at 100 stations and the Multi-Channel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW) method was used at 52 stations. Also, RefractionMicrotremor (Re-Mi) and L-Shaped Spatial Autocorrelation (L-SPAC) methods were carried out at 17 stations to substantiate the research. The results of the microtremor method indicate that the predominant soil period values have an average of 1 second and pre-dominant peak period values are generally found between 0.1 to 5 s at the study area. Peak amplitude values are observed between 1 and 2.4. The Vulnerability Index Parameter (Kg) exceeded 20 at the central and the southern stations, and Kg values change between 7 and 54 units. The Kg values were found to be higher than 20 in soils where shear wave velocity is lower than 760 m/s. At the same time, the values of the predominant peak period were greater than 1 second. Cyprus is located in the Alpine Himalayan earthquake zone. The Cyprus Arc is known as the main seismic source of the island, It constitutes the tectonic border among African and Eurasian lithospheric plates in the region. During an earthquake in Nicosia, seismic waves will be amplified by an average of 1.5 times and soil deformation will occur due to the exceeding elastic limits. The results provided important insight into soil behaviour and indicated its reactions in a potential earthquake.
Is Religion Dead?
Authors: Juergensmeyer Mark
Published: June 2021

The rise of strident movements of religious nationalism seems to signal a resurgence of religion. But such movements can also be read as the last gasp of religiosity as it succumbs to the inevitability of secular globalization. Which is correct? Has religion revived, or is it in its death throes? Part of the issue is statistical: adherence to religion seems to be on the rise in some parts of the world (Islam in Africa, for instance), though on the decline in others (Christianity in Europe and increasingly in the United States) and under attack in China. But part of the issue is definitional: what is meant by religious adherence—social identity or metaphysical belief? Scholarly attempts to define religion are various, though an interesting new definition is provided by the late sociologist Robert Bellah, who described religion as “alternative reality.” With that definition, one can posit that religiosity is a fundamental part of the creative imagination, a constituent of culture as certain as art or music. The question then becomes not whether religion will survive, but in what way it will survive. The popular religious choice of millennials, “none,” may be consistent with the multicultural religiosity of the old Protestant liberals, a tradition now in decline. Liberal Protestants have not disappeared but have transformed into the bearers of a global morality and spiritual sensibility. Hence we may be witnessing the emergence of new forms of spirituality and ethical community that resonate with the alternative reality of traditional religious experience but that have no name and no organization. But these may become the global religion of the future.
Coercive Rentier Networks
Authors: Levien Michael
Published: June 2021

In India today, the term “land mafia” is widely applied to those engaged in land-related corruption. What is unclear is the sociological phenomenon to which the term “mafia” refers, and what it indicates about capitalism in contemporary India. Based on ethnographic fieldwork in the state of Rajasthan, combined with analysis of court decisions and newspaper articles, I argue that land mafia discourse identifies informal land-grabbing practices that have become extremely widespread across India. These practices are undertaken not necessarily by criminal organizations but by diffuse coercive rentier networks that cross the public–private divide. These networks have been strengthened by the liberalization of India’s economy, and particularly its real estate market, and their entrenchment poses a major obstacle to “good governance” reforms. India’s land mafias thus expose important weaknesses in the dominant approaches to corruption and suggest the need to take seriously the synergies between capitalism, coercion, and corruption.
Coercion in the Cradle
Authors: Steinberg Marc W.
Published: June 2021

Important recent research highlights the role of forced labor in the expansion of neoliberal capitalism in the global South. In this article I make the case that coerced labor was central to the first industrial revolution, the classical case of Great Britain. I demonstrate that in an area known as the Black Country for its coal, steel, and related industries, master and servant laws allowed criminal prosecution of workers deemed problematic, to insure labor control in the workplace. Employers relied on these laws when they were unable to use machinery to embed control in the labor process, and when they had recourse to reliable local courts (or petty sessions), in which many were magistrates, so they could rely on convictions under summary jurisdictions for fines, damage payment, and incarceration. I conclude by suggesting that this particular historical case can reorient our perspective on labor coercion and the law across the long arc of modern capitalism.
Localization of xyloglucan epitopes in the gelatinous layer of developing and mature gelatinous fibers of European aspen (Populus tremula L.) tension wood
Authors: Kim Jong Sik , Daniel Geoffrey
Published: June 2021

There is controversy concerning the presence of xyloglucans in gelatinous (G) layers of Populus spp. tension wood, particularly in mature G-fibers. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) immunogold localization combined with LM15 antibody (recognizes XXXG-motif of xyloglucans, heptasaccharide) was used to investigate the distribution of xyloglucan epitopes in both transverse and radial sections of P. tremula tension wood. Results provided clear evidence for the presence of xyloglucans in both mature and developing G-layers. Developmental decrease of LM15 epitope localization in G-layers was also detected during G-fiber maturation. High magnification TEM observations showed specific localization of LM15 epitopes on newly synthesized cellulose macrofibrils present in the innermost layer of developing G-layers adjacent to the cell lumen, suggesting linkage between xyloglucans and cellulose macrofibrils. Possible mechanisms were discussed for developmental changes of xyloglucan with respect to the different results reported in the literature.
Manufacture of thin rice straw particleboards bonded with various polymeric methane diphenyl diisocyanate/ urea formaldehyde resin mixtures
Authors: Luo Peng , Yang Chuanmin , Li Mengyao , Wang Yueqi
Published: June 2021

Reducing particleboard thickness is one of the major approaches to decrease consumption volume of particleboard for furniture manufacture. This study employed an adhesive mixture of polymeric methane diphenyl diisocyanate (PMDI) and urea formaldehyde (UF) to produce single-layer medium density thin rice straw particleboard. The effects of various PMDI/UF formulations as well as board density on mechanical properties and water resistance of rice straw particleboard were studied. The results indicated that the mechanical properties and water resistance of the thin rice straw particleboard were appreciably affected by resin formulation. The panels bonded with PMDI/UF adhesive mixtures had mechanical properties and water resistance far superior to those bonded with UF. Higher PMDI content levels in resin mixtures led to improved mechanical properties and water resistance. Density influenced mechanical properties and water resistance of the thin rice straw particleboard. Increasing the density of the panel could upgrade the mechanical properties of the thin rice straw particleboard. The experimental outcomes showed that PMDI/UF resin systems had potential to substitute for pure PMDI resin in producing thin rice straw particleboard, which could effectively lower manufacturing cost and bring economic efficiencies due to reduced amount of pricey PMDI.
The readiness of peninsular Malaysia wood-based industries for achieving sustainability
Authors: Zainul Armir Nur Amira , Zakaria Sarani , Begum Rawshan Ara , Chamhuri Norshamliza , Mohd Ariff Noratiqah , Harun Jalaluddin , Mohd Talib Noor Laila , Kadir Mohd Amin
Published: June 2021

Forests represent a substantial part of global socio-economy platforms. As the wood-based industry contributes large revenue to Malaysia’s economy, the readiness of Peninsular Malaysia towards sustainable wood-based industry was measured based on the different types of wood processing industries and Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) practice. Surveys (1,447) from all operating timber mills according to their raw materials type for wood products processing in Peninsular Malaysia were analyzed using multiple correspondence analysis (MCA). Results showed that the sustainable practice in wood industry by SFM practitioners and non-practitioners were similar. All industries are using outdated technologies and consume local raw materials in producing wood products. The furniture industry is largely aware of SFM and consumes the least amount of logs to produce furniture.
Characterization of Mexican waste biomass relative to energy generation
Authors: Rutiaga-Quiñones José Guadalupe , Pintor-Ibarra Luis Fernando , Orihuela-Equihua Rocio , González-Ortega Nicolás , Ramírez-Ramírez María Alejandra , Carillo-Parra Artemio , Carrillo-Ávila Noel , Navarrete-García Manuel Alfonso , Ruíz-Aquino Faustino , Rangel-Méndez José René , Hernández-Solís Juan José , Luján-Álvarez Concepción
Published: June 2021

In this work, physical and chemical analyses of 28 sawdust samples (tropical woods, pine woods, and oak woods) derived from the primary process of wood transformation and 4 samples of citrus residues were performed, as an option to make densified biofuels. The study included the determination of initial moisture, particle size distribution, proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, calculation of the calorific value, and ash microanalysis. The initial moisture content of the biomass samples ranged from 6.04 to 75.21%. The biomass granulometry results indicate that the highest proportion corresponds to the 1.0-mm (33.10%) (Fraction retained in mesh 0.5 mm). Other results obtained indicate the following ranges: ash content (0.27 to 6.27%), volatile matter (78.90 to 90.50%), fixed carbon (9.10 to 20.44%), carbon (49.13 to 50.78%), oxygen (42.62 to 44.49%), and hydrogen (5.24 to 6.55%). The calculated calorific value ranged from 17.65 MJ/kg to 20.72 MJ/kg. The chemical elements with the highest concentration in the biomass samples were K and Ca, followed in some cases by Al and P. The biomass with the greatest possibilities for making densified biofuels of better quality is the group of pine woods because they have low mineral content, low nitrogen content, and high calorific value.
Nano-SiO2 used with cationic polymer to improve the strength of sack paper
Authors: Yang Jiawei , Huang Liulian , Ni Yonghao , Chen Lihui , Miao Qingxian
Published: June 2021

As a green and sustainable packaging material, industrial sack paper has gained increased attention in recent years due to the public’s heightened environmental awareness. Practical applications for industrial packaging sack paper demands that the paper possess high physical strength properties. In this study, silicon dioxide (SiO2) nanoparticles in conjunction with poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC) were applied to improve the physical strength of sack paper. The results showed that the physical strength properties of the sack paper increased with the addition of the SiO2 nanoparticles and PDADMAC, while the air permeability of the paper also remained high. Attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize the sack paper with the SiO2 nanoparticle filler.
One-pot synthesis of cellulose / silver nanoparticle fibers and their antibacterial application
Authors: Zeng Zhinong , Yang Shujuan , Zhang Lei , Tang Rong , Zhang Liping
Published: June 2021

A simple, novel method was developed for synthesizing cellulose (CE) fibers doped with silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) in the green solvent tetrabutylammonium hydroxide / dimethyl sulfoxide / H2O at room temperature. Tetrabutylammonium hydroxide accelerated the reduction of Ag+ to Ag by the cellulose chains, yielding Ag NPs in cellulose solution stabilized using polyethyleneimine (PEI). After 24 h, almost all the Ag+ was reduced to Ag NPs. The influences of silver nitrate concentration, reaction time, and stabilizer on the formation of Ag NPs were investigated by UV-vis spectrophotometry. The prepared smooth and dense cellulose / Ag NP fibers showed high mechanical properties, with a tensile strength of 304.3 MPa and an elongation at break of 22.1%. The fibers exhibited excellent antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, with more than 99% of E. coli bacteria killed by Ag NP / cellulose fibers. The synthesis procedure offers a general and mild approach to designing materials of almost any shape.
Vulnerabilidad ante sismos y tsunami de las instituciones educativas ubicadas en la Provincia Constitucional del Callao
Authors: Guzmán Collazos Maritza , Quijano Vargas Julio Jesús
Published: June 2021

Conocida la condición de vulnerabilidad del Perú a enfrentar un evento sísmico de gran intensidad y en consecuencia un Tsunami, este estudio realiza un análisis del nivel de exposición de las Instituciones Educativas (IE) según su ubicación geográfica, para lo cual se utiliza la plataforma geoespacial Sistema de Información para la Gestión del Riesgo de Desastres (SIGRID), que alberga la información oficial, actualizada, técnico y científica producida en el Perú. La metodología implica dividir la provincia constitucional del Callao en 3 sectores delimitados a los que al hacer la superposición de capas de información para Microzonificación sísmica se obtuvo que de las 757 IE expuestas el 69% están ubicados en Zona II Depósitos de arena de compacidad media a densa y el 9% ubicados en zonas tipo IV y V Taludes inestables con fuerte pendiente y Depósitos de escombros y/o desechos respectivamente. Para el análisis frente a Tsunamis se obtuvo que de las 149 IE ubicadas en zona de inundación el 31.5% serian inundados a consecuentes de un sismo de intensidad 8.5 Mv. y el 68.5% a consecuencia de un sismo de intensidad 9.0 Mv.
Efecto ecotoxicológico del cloruro de potasio sobre la lombriz roja californiana (Eisenia foetida)
Authors: Ramírez Caján Alfonso , Mudarra Pascual Amelia María , Palacín Anco Milagros Jubica
Published: June 2021

Esta investigación presenta la metodología para la evaluación de los efectos ecotoxicológicos del cloruro de potasio en la lombriz roja Eisenia foetida, a través de un bioensayo de exposición crónica de 14 días. El material biológico en estadío adulto proveniente de la zona de criadero de lombrices de la Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, fue sometido a 5 concentraciones a fin de determinar el CL50 y la mortandad como punto final, evidenciándose deformación, decoloración, inflamaciones y abultamiento anormal en la zona clitelar de las lombrices durante el proceso, llevándose a cabo además la medición de los parámetros ambientales de pH, temperatura y humedad del sustrato (suelo) al 1, 4, 7, 10 y 14 días.
Methodological pluralism through the lens of the buddhist doctrine of time kālacakra: an interview with dr. Jensine Andresen
Authors: Kalantarova Olena
Published: June 2021

Modern dialogue between Western science and Buddhism raises an enormous range of cognitive issues that require interdisciplinary research. The idea of methodological pluralism (MP) arises here as an effective solution for such projects. Having immersed in the study of the background of its opponent, Western science touched the fairly old and specific way of reality cognition, which in certain aspects actually can be identified as a Tibetan-Buddhist version of the MP. In an interview with the professor from the United States, who for many decades has been engaged in research on the boundaries of various science disciplines, ethics, and religious studies, we tried to clarify the specifics of this so-called version of MP, which is set out in the Buddhist doctrine of time, K lacakra. Texts of this doctrine are included in the corpus of Buddhist canonical literature and form the basis for two classical Buddhist sciences: the science of stars (which is actually “social astronomy”); and the science of healing (which looks like a certain version of “psycho-medicine”). During the interview, we went directly to the possibility of using the Buddhist version of MP at least within the dialogue “Buddhism-Science”, to the need to understand the specifics of such an implementation, and to the mandatory combination of MP with an integrated approach. The interview was intended to raise the question that deals with transgressing the abovementioned dialogue from the “consumer” level (when we are looking for something that could be useful to the Western neuro-cognitivist) to the philosophical one, in order to formulate a criterion for recognizing a different way of thinking, and finally, to move on toward the semantic discussion, without which the integration phase of any kind of MP is impossible.
Discovery of the bound state of three gluons - odderon
Authors:   Kyiv Taras Shevchenko National University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Aushev V.E.
Published: June 2021

The TOTEM collaboration at the Large Hadron Collider, together with the D0 collaboration at the Tevatron collider at Fermilab, have announced the discovery of the odderon – a bound state of three gluons that was predicted about 50 years ago. The result was presented at CERN on March 5 and follows the joint submission in December 2020 of a CERN and Fermilab preprints by TOTEM and D0 reporting this observation. States comprising several gluons are usually called “glueballs”, and are peculiar objects made only of the carriers of the strong force. The advent of quantum chromodynamics led theorists to predict the existence of the odderon, C-odd gluonic compound. Proving its existence in high-energy collisions at Tevatron and LHC has been a major experimental challenge. The work is based on a model-independent analysis of data at medium-range momentum transfer. The TOTEM and D0 teams compared proton-proton data (recorded at collision energies of 2.76, 7, 8, and 13 TeV and extrapolated to 1.96 TeV), with Tevatron proton-antiproton data measured at 1.96 TeV. In agreement with theoretical predictions, the proton-proton cross-section exhibits a deeper dip and stays below the proton-antiproton cross-section until the bump region, thus evidence of odderon was found.
Ground and excited state characteristics of the nuclei with A = 6
Authors:   Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt, Doma S.B.
Published: June 2021

The binding energy, the root-mean-square radius, the magnetic dipole moment, the electric quadrupole moment, and the moment of inertia of the nucleus 6Li are calculated by applying different models. The translation invariant shell model is applied to calculate the binding energy, the root-mean-square radius, and the magnetic dipole moment by using two- and three-body interactions. Also, the spectra of the nuclei with A = 6 are calculated by using the translation-invariant shell model. Moreover, the ft-value of the allowed transition: 6He(Jπ=0+;T=1)β- → 6Li(Jπ=1+;T'=1) is also calculated. Furthermore, the concept of the single-particle Schrodinger fluid for axially symmetric deformed nuclei is applied to calculate the moment of inertia of 6Li. Also, we calculated the magnetic dipole moment and the electric quadrupole moment of the nucleus 6Li in this case of axially symmetric shape. Moreover, the nuclear superfluidity model is applied to calculate the moment of inertia of 6Li, based on a single-particle deformed anisotropic oscillator potential added to it a spin-orbit term and a term proportional to the square of the orbital angular momentum, as usual in this case. The single-particle wave functions obtained in this case are used to calculate the magnetic dipole moment and the electric quadrupole moment of 6Li.
Calculation of quadrupole deformation parameter β2 from reduced transition probability B(E2) for 0+1 → 2+1 transitions at even-even 62-68Zn isotopes
Authors: Obeed Fatema Hameed , Hasan Ali Khalaf
Published: June 2021

In this work the excited energy levels, reduced transition probabilities B(E2)↑, intrinsic quadrupole moments, and deformation parameters have been calculated for 62-68Zn isotopes with neutrons number N = 32, 34, 36 and 38. NuSheIIX code has been applied for all energy states of fp-shell nuclei. Shell-model calculations for the zinc isotopes have been carried out with active particles distributed in the lp3/2, 0f5/2, and lp1/2 orbits outside doubly magic closed 56Ni core nucleus. By using f5p model space and f5pvh interaction, the theoretical results have been obtained and compared with the available experimental results. The excited energies values, electric transition probability B(E2), intrinsic quadrupole moment Q0, and deformation parameters β2 have appeared in complete agreement with the experimental values. As well as, the energy levels have been confirmed and determined for the angular momentum and parity of experimental values that have not been well established and determined experimentally. On the other hand, it has been predicted some of the new energy levels and electric transition probabilities for the 62-68Zn isotopes under this study which were previously unknown in experimental information.
Uncertainty determination of fast neutron fluence onto the WWER pressure vessel metal surveillance specimens
Authors:   Institute for Nuclear Research, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Pugach O.M. , Pugach S.M. , Diemokhin V.L. , Bukanov V.N. , Grytsenko O.V.
Published: June 2021

The standard surveillance programs of WWER reactors do not allow to measure the surveillance specimens irradiation conditions with the required accuracy. Therefore, the special methodology for the determination of the surveillance specimens irradiation conditions of the reactor pressure vessel metal has been developed by the specialists of the INR of NASU and is successfully applied. The developed methodology bases on the use of the Monte-Carlo code for neutron transport calculations to the surveillance specimens locations. The methodology improvement is described. The fundamentals of the calculation-experimental determination of the fast neutron fluences onto surveillance specimens and their uncertainties are presented.
Natural radioactivity transfer factors from soil to plants in Wasit governorate marsh
Authors:   Department of Physics, Faculty of Education for Girls, University of Kufa, Najaf, Iraq, Rifaaht Zahrah Madhat , Alkafajy Heiyam Najy Hady
Published: June 2021

Study on environmental radiation protection and determination of contamination of natural radionuclides such as 40K, 226Ra, and 228Ra/228Th in soil and plants is important for the protection of public health. The environmental health surveillance program to develop a subject of interest in environmental science is therefore necessary for the awareness and the benefit of mankind. This study is focused on the transfer factors (TFs) of isotopes from soil to plants. Transfer factor is a value used in evaluation studies on the impact of accidental release of radionuclide into the environment. 80 samples (40 reed plants and 40 soils) were collected from Dulmaj marsh. Dulmaj is in the southwest of Wasit and northeast of Diwaniyah. 40K, 226Ra, and 228Ra/228Th activities were measured by using NaI(Tl) 3"×3". 40K, 226Ra, and 228Ra/228Th activity concentrations ranged from 87 to 706, 1.2 to 35.7, and 2.6 to 17 Bq·kg-1, respectively in soil. 40K, 226Ra, and 228Ra/228Th activity concentrations ranged from 9.6 to 472, 0.26 to 30, and 0.09 to16.1 Bq·kg-1, dry mass respectively in the plants. The transition factors of 40K, 226Ra, and 228Ra/228Th ranged between 0.02 to 0.97, 0.07 to 0.99, 0.09 to 0.99, respectively. TFs had shown different values in all locations. However, all the rates of values of the TFs have been shown to be less than one.
Implementation of the São-Borjense Mother-Baby Strategy: Action research
Authors: Coelho Camila Malgarin , Marchiori Mara Caino Teixeira , Ferreira Carla Lizandra de Lima , Sousa Francisca Georgina Macedo de , Hämel Kerstin , Backes Dirce Stein
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: descrever o processo de concepção e implementação da Estratégia Mãe-Bebê São-Borjense.
Materiais e método: trata-se de uma pesquisa-ação, desenvolvida entre março de 2018 e outubro de 2019, a partir de uma amostragem aleató­ria simples que contou com a partici­pação de 5 gestores, 27 profissionais da saúde e 23 gestantes da rede de atenção à saúde materno-infantil do município de São Borja, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. O grupo focal guiou a iden­tificação e o levantamento dos dados, e a análise de conteúdo temática permitiu a categorização dos dados.
Resultados: a partir de um plano sistematizado e colaborativo de intervenções, foi possível o seguinte percurso: i) concepção da Estraté­gia e acordos com gestores locais; ii) sensibilização dos atores e identifica­ção de demandas, por meio de grupos focais com gestores, profissionais e usuários da saúde; iii) implementa­ção de ações da Estratégia Mãe-Bebê São-Borjense.
Conclusões: com base no percur­so transcorrido da concepção à imple­mentação da Estratégia, conclui-se que protagonizar processos inovado­res e transpor modelos tradicionais de intervenção é possível pela inte­ração, pelo compartilhamento e pela tradução de conhecimentos e práti­cas entre agentes, academia, gestores, profissionais e usuários da saúde.
Presentation of the Dossier
Authors: Bósio Frederico Danielle Lucy , Garcia Paulo Roberto
Published: June 2021

Dossier Revisiting the Bible from Modern Perspectives. In the faith places, the biblical text occupies a privileged and founding space and, given the innumerable hermeneutic possibilities, it ends up having varied implications. The same is true in the world of research in the areas of history, archeology, sociology, literature; in this universe, the biblical text has gained attention in recent years.
Presensación del dossier
Authors: Bósio Frederico Danielle Lucy , Garcia Paulo Roberto
Published: June 2021

Dossier Revisando la Biblia desde perspectivas modernas. En los espacios de fe, el texto bíblico ocupa un espacio privilegiado y fundacional y, dadas las innumerables posibilidades hermenéuticas, acaba teniendo variadas implicaciones. Lo mismo ocurre en el mundo de la investigación en las áreas de historia, arqueología, sociología, literatura; en este universo, el texto bíblico ha ganado atención en los últimos años.
Código da Aliança e Crítica Social: Estudo Exegético de Êxodo 23.1-12
Authors: Mendonça Elcio Valmiro Sales de , Furlan Marisa Martins
Published: June 2021

O presente artigo tem por objetivo apresentar um breve estudo sobre a crítica social contida no conjunto de leis do Código da Aliança registradas no livro de Êxodo, a partir da análise exegética de Ex 23.1-12. O estudo exegético seguiu o método da Crítica da Forma, que faz parte do método Histórico-Crítico de estudos bíblicos. Inicialmente, foi apresentada uma tradução “literal” do texto bíblico hebraico em foco, depois, foram analisados os temas que dão coesão na perícope, bem como as palavras e temas que forneceram material de estudo para esse artigo. A partir dessa primeira parte da análise, foram estudados os conteúdos do texto, ressaltando os temas principais, que eram o pobre, a exploração e a justiça social.
Computing intrinsic noise of the genetic regulation modeled by Hill functions
Authors: Ziraldo Riccardo , Ma Lan
Published: June 2021

Intrinsic noise embedded in stochastic gene regulation due to low copy number of species has been studied using the approach of theoretical modeling and computational simulation, including the standard methods of stochastic simulation algorithm (SSA) and linear noise approximation (LNA). At average cell level, Hill functions are widely used as a compact format to represent gene regulation involving multi-transcription-factor binding and cooperativity. Heuristic SSA and LNA methods (hSSA and hLNA) have been applied to study stochastic models employing Hill functions. It is however unclear which modeling and simulation method is suitable to characterize intrinsic noise of Hill-type gene regulation with sufficient accuracy and computational efficiency. In this work, we perform noise analysis of two gene regulatory models represented by second-order activating and inhibitory Hill functions, seeking to evaluate the performance of five existing noise modeling methods. Specifically, SSA and LNA are applied to the full models that are expanded from the Hill functions containing only elementary reactions, while hSSA and hLNA are applied to reduced models where the Hill function is heuristically used. In addition, we characterize intrinsic noise using the slow-scale LNA (ssLNA) method that is recently proposed to deal with models with both fast and slow time scales. Using SSA as ground truth, we find that hSSA and hLNA underestimate the level of intrinsic noise in the Hill-type models, despite of high computational efficiency. The ssLNA approach calculates noise with comparable accuracy as SSA and LNA, while requesting much less computational resources. In addition, the chemical Langevin equation (CLE) under the same slow-scale framework simulates single-cell stochastic trajectories as accurately as SSA yet with significantly lower computational demands. This study shows that ssLNA complemented by slow-scale CLE offers a computational platform that out-performs the other four methods in characterizing intrinsic stochasticity of the Hill-type genetic models.
Basophil activation: theoretical aspects and use in the diagnosis of allergic diseases
Authors: Bychkova N. V.
Published: June 2021

Diagnostics of allergic diseases is a difficult issue, which requires distinct solutions, since this disorder is very common among the population. The overview focuses on complex diagnostics, including various methods that are most in demand at the present stage. The allergy diagnostics primarily include taking anamnesis, physical examination, instrumental and functional tests. Less often, the provocative tests are used, due to risk of severe adverse reactions. At the present stage, the role of laboratory diagnostics of allergies is growing, since, firstly, there is an increase in difficult-to-diagnose cases that require involvement of the entire medical armamentarium, and, secondly, the sensitivity and specificity of laboratory tests are improving. Among laboratory methods, the most significant are the assessment of the level of specific IgE, and the relatively new basophile activation test. The latter test is the main focus of the present review. It is functional and combines the advantages of provocative tests, during which conditions are created for the interaction of a potential allergen and effector cells of allergic inflammation, keeping safety for the patient. The data on the life cycle of basophils, their expression of membrane receptors, the content of granules, and ability to produce additional inflammatory mediators by the cells are presented. Participation of these cells in pathogenesis of allergic inflammation is being considered. Various mechanisms of basophil activation are discussed, both IgE-mediated and IgE-independent, which are similar in vivo and in vitro. Theoretical aspects of using the in vitro basophil activation test to estimate the hypersensitivity to a wide range of allergens are discussed. High sensitivity and specificity of the test for diagnosing allergies to food, household, pollen, insect and drug allergens are presented. Specific features of the basophil activation test related to the preanalytical, analytical and postanalytical stages of the study are highlighted. The factors influencing evaluation of this method are known. For example, difficulties in interpreting the test may arise while taking glucocorticosteroid hormones, in acute period of inflammation, with severe edema. The possibility of using this test to assess effectiveness of allergen-specific and anti-IgE therapy is being considered. A comparison of the basophil activation test, measurement of specific IgE and skin tests by various parameters related to performance and interpretation of results is carried out. Comprehensive diagnostics of allergic diseases, including usage of pathogenetically determined laboratory methods, will contribute to adequate treatment and, as a result, improve the health of the population.
Time course of lymphocyte profile after femoral bone fracture
Authors: Davydova E. V. , Osikov M. V. , Abramov K. S.
Published: June 2021

Isolated fractures of femur account for more than 10% of all road traffic injuries. Traumatic injury of femoral bone triggers a cascade of interrelated neuroendocrine reactions at systemic level, primarily at the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, systemic response of immune system, initiated by release of tissue degradation products, cytokines and other mediators of damage into systemic blood circulation. Specific cellular reactions in response to traumatic injury to bone tissue include both innate and adaptive immune responses. In this regard, there is still scarce information on changes in blood lymphocyte subpopulations observed after closed isolated fracture of the femoral diaphysis at the middle third, before and after surgery. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the subpopulations of peripheral blood lymphocytes following closed isolated fracture of the femoral diaphysis with bone displacement in thecourse dynamics of surgical treatment, thus being required for studies in pathogenesis, development of diagnostic criteria and creating innovative treatment approaches. The study included 20 apparently healthy men and 36 men with closed isolated fracture of the femoral diaphysis of the middle third (32A and 32B, by AO/ASIF clinical classification, coded according to ICD-10 S72.3). The exclusion criteria were as follows: exacerbation of chronic comorbidities, diseases of lymphatic system and haematopoietic organs, oncological diseases, and evidence of osteoporosis. The spectrum of blood lymphocyte subsets was assessed on days 5, 7 (immediately after surgery) and on day 18 after closed isolated fracture of femoral diaphysis. We have found that, on the day 5 after IPBC along with leukocytosis in peripheral blood, the number of T-regulatory cells, cells with markers of early (CD25+) and late activation (HLA-DR+) proved to be increased, whereas representation of NK cells was decreased. On the day 7 after IPBC and immediately after surgery, leukocytosis persisted in blood, along with increased number of T-regulatory cells, CD3+ cells with early and late activation markers. On the day 18 after closed isolated fracture of the femoral diaphysis, the total numbers of leukocytes, T-lymphocytes, T-helpers, T-regulatory cells, T cells with an early activation marker are restored in peripheral blood, whereas the number of T-lymphocytes expressing HLA-DR+ molecules showed a significant increase.
On the use of the E-value for sensitivity analysis in epidemiologic studies
Authors: Vale Conceição Christina Rigo , Almeida Nubia Karla de Oliveira , Almeida Renan Moritz Varnier Rodrigues de
Published: June 2021

Abstract: This study illustrates the use of a recently developed sensitivity index, the E-value, helpful in strengthening causal inferences in observational epidemiological studies. The E-value aims to determine the minimum required strength of association between an unmeasured confounder and an exposure/outcome to explain the observed association as non-causal. Such parameter is defined as E - v a l u e = R R + R R R R - 1, where RR is the risk ratio between the exposure and the outcome. Our work illustrates the E-value using observational data from a recently published study on the relationship between indicators of prenatal care adequacy and the outcome low birthweight. The E-value ranged between 1.45 and 5.63 according to the category and prenatal care index evaluated, showing the highest value for the “no prenatal care” category of the GINDEX index and the minimum value for “intermediate prenatal care” of the APNCU index. For “inappropriate prenatal care” (all indexes), the E-value ranged between 2.76 (GINDEX) and 4.99 (APNCU). These findings indicate that only strong confounder/low birthweight associations (more than 400% increased risk) would be able to fully explain the prenatal care vs. low birthweight association observed. The E-value is a useful, intuitive sensitivity analysis tool that may help strengthening causal inferences in epidemiological observational studies.
Fontes de Estudo na Escola Médica -Recursos Instrucionais Utilizados por Alunos de Medicina da Região Sudeste do Brasil
Authors: Peixoto Mauricio Abreu Pinto , Mattos Telma Moreira de
Published: June 2021

Resumo: A busca ativa da informação é imperativa na formação de profissionais de Medicina. Objetivo: a) Identificar os princípios títulos hoje adotados nas faculdades de medicina pesquisadas nos estados do Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo e Minas Gerais; b) Identificar os critérios de aquisição e recursos instrucionais utilizados por estes estudantes, além do livro-texto, no processo de aprendizagem. Métodos: Aplicação de questionários para identificar títulos e critérios adotados na compra de livros e de outros recursos instrucionais. Resultados e Conclusões: A biblioteca básica do aluno de medicina ao final do curso compõem-se principalmente de livros de clínica médica, seguidos pelos de anatomia e de fisiologia. As outras especialidades apresentam com frequência progressivamente menor, estando os de medicina preventiva localizados no seu limite inferior. A maioria dos livros é comprada no livreiro da escola, que se revela um agente integrador entre alunos e professores. O idioma preferencial na escolha dos livros ainda é o português, quando comprado ao inglês e ao espanhol. Existe uma diversificação na utilização dos recursos instrucionais, mais o livro-texto apresenta-se como preferência marcante , apesar dos recursos de informática serem também utilizados por esta categoria de alunos.