bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative Analysis of Support Vector Machine Regression and Gaussian Process Regression in Modeling Hydrogen Production from Waste Effluent
Authors: Hossain SK Safdar , Ayodele Bamidele Victor , Ali Syed Sadiq , Cheng Chin Kui , Mustapa Siti Indati
Published: June 2022

Organic-rich substrates from organic waste effluents are ideal sources for hydrogen production based on the circular economy concept. In this study, a data-driven approach was employed in modeling hydrogen production from palm oil mill effluents and activated sludge waste. Seven models built on support vector machine (SVM) and Gaussian process regression (GPR) were employed for the modeling of the hydrogen production from the waste sources. The SVM was incorporated with linear kernel function (LSVM), quadratic kernel function (QSVM), cubic kernel function (CSVM), and Gaussian fine kernel function (GFSVM). While the GPR was incorporated with the rotational quadratic kernel function (RQGPR), squared exponential kernel function (SEGPR), and exponential kernel function (EGPR). The model performance revealed that the SVM-based models did not show impressive performance in modeling the hydrogen production from the palm oil mill effluent, as indicated by the R2 of −0.01, 0.150, and 0.143 for LSVM, QSVM, and CSVM, respectively. Similarly, the SVM-based models did not perform well in modeling the hydrogen production from activated sludge, as evidenced by R2 values of 0.040, 0.190, and 0.340 for LSVM, QSVM, and CSVM, respectively. On the contrary, the SEGPR, RQGPR, SEGPR, and EGPR models displayed outstanding performance in modeling the prediction of hydrogen production from both oil palm mill effluent and activated sludge, with over 90% of the datasets explaining the variation in the model output. With the R2 > 0.9, the predicted hydrogen production was consistent with the SEGPR, RQGPR, SEGPR, and EGPR with minimized prediction errors. The level of importance analysis revealed that all the input parameters are relevant in the production of hydrogen. However, the influent chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration and the medium temperature significantly influenced the hydrogen production from palm oil mill effluent, whereas the pH of the medium and the temperature significantly influenced the hydrogen production from the activated sludge.
An Improved Equilibrium Optimizer with a Decreasing Equilibrium Pool
Authors: Yang Lin , Xu Zhe , Liu Yanting , Tian Guozhong
Published: June 2022

Big Data is impacting and changing the way we live, and its core lies in the use of machine learning to extract valuable information from huge amounts of data. Optimization problems are a common problem in many steps of machine learning. In the face of complex optimization problems, evolutionary computation has shown advantages over traditional methods. Therefore, many researchers are working on improving the performance of algorithms for solving various optimization problems in machine learning. The equilibrium optimizer (EO) is a member of evolutionary computation and is inspired by the mass balance model in environmental engineering. Using particles and their concentrations as search agents, it simulates the process of finding equilibrium states for optimization. In this paper, we propose an improved equilibrium optimizer (IEO) based on a decreasing equilibrium pool. IEO provides more sources of information for particle updates and maintains a higher population diversity. It can discard some exploration in later stages to enhance exploitation, thus achieving a better search balance. The performance of IEO is verified using 29 benchmark functions from IEEE CEC2017, a dynamic economic dispatch problem, a spacecraft trajectory optimization problem, and an artificial neural network model training problem. In addition, the changes in population diversity and computational complexity brought by the proposed method are analyzed.
Breaking the Symmetry of Cable Structures as an Instrument for Improving Modal Decomposition to Protect Critical Equipment against UWB Pulses
Authors: Belousov Anton , Vlasova Natalya , Gordeyeva Viktoriya , Gazizov Talgat
Published: June 2022

This work presents a detailed, comprehensive study of a new structural design of protective devices with a circular cross-section (CS) (protective cables) for protecting equipment against ultra-wideband (UWB) pulses. Multiconductor structures with 2–5 conductors with and without a protective shield are considered. The disadvantages of using symmetric configurations of protective cables are shown. Their simulation, multivariate analysis, and optimization through heuristic search, as well as evolutionary strategies, were carried out. Optimization was carried out according to the amplitude (to minimize the maximum voltage level at the output of the structures) and time (to maximize the duration of the exciting signal) criteria. The optimization results allowed for increasing the duration and overall attenuation of the exciting UWB pulse. The article shows the possibility of improving the characteristics of such structures through their cascade connection, both among themselves and with strip protective structures. The results of parametric optimization of such structures are presented in the range of real (used in practice) geometric and electrophysical parameters in terms of amplitude and time criteria, as well as the matching criterion. The article also presents the developed prototypes of protective structures with a circular CS of three types: circular 3-conductor cable, flat 3-conductor cable, and circular 4-conductor cable. The experimental results describe how these prototypes were developed and created and confirm the feasibility of these protective structures to decompose the exciting pulse signal, which was previously shown only in simulation. Finally, it is shown that the use of asymmetry in the proposed cable structures can improve their protective characteristics.
Ribotoxic Proteins, Known as Inhibitors of Protein Synthesis, from Mushrooms and Other Fungi According to Endo’s Fragment Detection
Authors: Landi Nicola , Hussain Hafiza Z. F. , Pedone Paolo V. , Ragucci Sara , Di Maro Antimo
Published: June 2022

rRNA N-glycosylases (EC 3.2.2.22) remove a specific adenine (A4324, rat 28S rRNA) in the sarcin ricin loop (SRL) involved into ribosome interaction with elongation factors, causing the inhibition of translation, for which they are known as plant ‘ribosome inactivating proteins’ (RIPs). However, protein synthesis inactivation could be the result of other enzymes, which often have rRNA as the target. In this scenario, Endo’s assay is the most used method to detect the enzymes that are able to hydrolyze a phosphodiester bond or cleave a single N-glycosidic bond (rRNA N-glycosylases). Indeed, the detection of a diagnostic fragment from rRNA after enzymatic action, with or without acid aniline, allows one to discriminate between the N-glycosylases or hydrolases, which release the β-fragment after acid aniline treatment or α-fragment without acid aniline treatment, respectively. This assay is of great importance in the mushroom kingdom, considering the presence of enzymes that are able to hydrolyze phosphodiester bonds (e.g., ribonucleases, ribotoxins and ribotoxin-like proteins) or to remove a specific adenine (rRNA N-glycosylases). Thus, here we used the β-fragment experimentally detected by Endo’s assay as a hallmark to revise the literature available on enzymes from mushrooms and other fungi, whose action consists of protein biosynthesis inhibition.
Biomarkers Predictive for In-Hospital Mortality in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus and Prediabetes Hospitalized for COVID-19 in Austria: An Analysis of COVID-19 in Diabetes Registry
Authors: Aziz Faisal , Stöcher Hannah , Bräuer Alexander , Ciardi Christian , Clodi Martin , Fasching Peter , Karolyi Mario , Kautzky-Willer Alexandra , Klammer Carmen , Malle Oliver , Aberer Felix , Pawelka Erich , Peric Slobodan , Ress Claudia , Sourij Caren , Stechemesser Lars , Stingl Harald , Stulnig Thomas , Tripolt Norbert , Wagner Michael , Wolf Peter , Zitterl Andreas , Moser Othmar , Schelkshorn Christian , Kaser Susanne , Sourij Harald ,   for the COVID-19 in Diabetes in Austria
Published: June 2022

Background: This study assessed the predictive performance of inflammatory, hepatic, coagulation, and cardiac biomarkers in patients with prediabetes and diabetes mellitus hospitalized for COVID-19 in Austria. Methods: This was an analysis of a multicenter cohort study of 747 patients with diabetes mellitus or prediabetes hospitalized for COVID-19 in 11 hospitals in Austria. The primary outcome of this study was in-hospital mortality. The predictor variables included demographic characteristics, clinical parameters, comorbidities, use of medication, disease severity, and laboratory measurements of biomarkers. The association between biomarkers and in-hospital mortality was assessed using simple and multiple logistic regression analyses. The predictive performance of biomarkers was assessed using discrimination and calibration. Results: In our analysis, 70.8% had type 2 diabetes mellitus, 5.8% had type 1 diabetes mellitus, 14.9% had prediabetes, and 8.6% had other types of diabetes mellitus. The mean age was 70.3 ± 13.3 years, and 69.3% of patients were men. A total of 19.0% of patients died in the hospital. In multiple logistic regression analysis, LDH, CRP, IL-6, PCT, AST-ALT ratio, NT-proBNP, and Troponin T were significantly associated with in-hospital mortality. The discrimination of NT-proBNP was 74%, and that of Troponin T was 81%. The calibration of NT-proBNP was adequate (p = 0.302), while it was inadequate for Troponin T (p = 0.010). Conclusion: Troponin T showed excellent predictive performance, while NT-proBNP showed good predictive performance for assessing in-hospital mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus hospitalized with COVID-19. Therefore, these cardiac biomarkers may be used for prognostication of COVID-19 patients.
Serological Evidence of Exposure to Onyong-Nyong and Chikungunya Viruses in Febrile Patients of Rural Taita-Taveta County and Urban Kibera Informal Settlement in Nairobi, Kenya
Authors: Masika Moses Muia , Korhonen Essi M. , Smura Teemu , Uusitalo Ruut , Ogola Joseph , Mwaengo Dufton , Jääskeläinen Anne J. , Alburkat Hussein , Gwon Yong-Dae , Evander Magnus , Anzala Omu , Vapalahti Olli , Huhtamo Eili
Published: June 2022

Several alphaviruses, such as chikungunya (CHIKV) and Onyong-nyong (ONNV), are endemic in Kenya and often cause outbreaks in different parts of the country. We assessed the seroprevalence of alphaviruses in patients with acute febrile illness in two geographically distant areas in Kenya with no previous record of alphavirus outbreaks. Blood samples were collected from febrile patients in health facilities located in the rural Taita-Taveta County in 2016 and urban Kibera informal settlement in Nairobi in 2017 and tested for CHIKV IgG and IgM antibodies using an in-house immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and a commercial ELISA test, respectively. A subset of CHIKV IgG or IgM antibody-positive samples were further analyzed using plaque reduction neutralization tests (PRNT) for CHIKV, ONNV, and Sindbis virus. Out of 537 patients, 4 (0.7%) and 28 (5.2%) had alphavirus IgM and IgG antibodies, respectively, confirmed on PRNT. We show evidence of previous and current exposure to alphaviruses based on serological testing in areas with no recorded history of outbreaks.
Oleanolic Acid Derivative AXX-18 Exerts Antiviral Activity by Inhibiting the Expression of HSV-1 Viral Genes UL8 and UL52
Authors: Wang Zhaoyang , Jia Jiaoyan , Jiang Yuzhou , Li Feng , Wang Yiliang , Song Xiaowei , Qin Shurong , Wang Yifei , Zheng Kai , Hu Binyuan , Cheng Yongxian , Ren Zhe
Published: June 2022

Two-thirds of the world’s population is infected with HSV-1, which is closely associated with many diseases, such as Gingival stomatitis and viral encephalitis. However, the drugs that are currently clinically effective in treating HSV-1 are Acyclovir (ACV), Ganciclovir, and Valacyclovir. Due to the widespread use of ACV, the number of drug-resistant strains of ACV is increasing, so searching for new anti-HSV-1 drugs is urgent. The oleanolic-acid derivative AXX-18 showed a CC50 value of 44.69 μM for toxicity to HaCaT cells and an EC50 value of 1.47 μM for anti-HSV-1/F. In addition, AXX-18 showed significant inhibition of ACV-resistant strains 153, 106, and Blue, and the anti-HSV-1 activity of AXX-18 was higher than that of oleanolic acid. The mechanism of action of AXX-18 was found to be similar to that of oleanolic acid, except that AXX-18 could act on both the UL8 and UL52 proteins of the uncoupling helicase-primase enzyme, whereas oleanolic acid could only act on the UL8 protein. We have elucidated the antiviral mechanism of AXX-18 in detail and, finally, found that AXX-18 significantly inhibited the formation of skin herpes. In conclusion, we have explored the anti-HSV-1 activity of AXX-18 in vitro and in vivo as well as identification of its potential target proteins, which will provide a theoretical basis for the development of subsequent anti-HSV-1 drugs.
Water Markets: Mapping Scientific Knowledge
Authors: Durán-Sánchez Amador , del Río-Rama María de la Cruz , Álvarez-García José , Cabezas-Hernández Mᵃ Teresa
Published: June 2022

Water is a vital resource for citizens’ economic and social development. However, the uses to which it can be put often conflict. Possible solutions to mitigate disputes involve political options, scarce economic resources, and the search for mechanisms to ensure its adequate allocation. For over half a century, countries such as Australia, Spain, Chile, and the western states of the United States have been considering the possibility of using markets for rights of use. They are defined as formal or informal trading exchanges of rights, whose aim is to improve efficiency, ensure security of supply, and make allocations more flexible. In this context, the aim of this article is to show a current picture of the scientific production related to Water Markets using the comparative bibliometric study of the documents indexed in the Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus databases as a tool. The advanced search of relevant terms resulted in the retrieval of 261 papers from WoS and 305 from Scopus, with a time limit of 2020, which make up the ad hoc basis of the analysis. From this basis, it can be deduced that the subject of the Water Market has been present in the scientific literature on a more or less regular basis since the beginning of the 1990s. However, it has emerged as a topical issue in recent years, being in a phase of exponential growth, which means that interest in the area is likely to continue in the coming years.
Effects of Irrigation Regimes on Soil Water Dynamics of Two Typical Woody Halophyte Species in Taklimakan Desert Highway Shelterbelt
Authors: Liu Jiao , Zhao Ying , Zhang Jianguo , Hu Qiuli , Xue Jie
Published: June 2022

Freshwater resources are in a shortage in arid regions worldwide, especially in extremely arid desert areas. To solve this problem, highly saline groundwater is used for drip irrigation of desert plants. Since more irrigation infiltrating into the deep soil cannot be absorbed and utilized by desert plants, it is crucial to determine optimal water-saving irrigation regimes. In this study, we examined the effects of irrigation regimes on the soil water dynamics of two typical woody halophyte species (Haloxylon and Calligonum), and quantified the irrigation intervals and periods based on a field test of precision irrigation control in the Taklimakan Desert Highway shelterbelt. Results showed that the change in soil moisture of two species in the shallow 0–60 cm layer could be divided into a rapid decline period (1–9 d), a slow decline period (9–19 d), and a relatively stable period (19–39 d) after irrigation. The decrease rate of soil moisture at the 0–60 cm depth was significantly higher than that at the 60–200 cm depth. The irrigation regime combining 35 mm irrigation with 10 days was beneficial to soil water storage and plant use with respect to Calligonum, while the irrigation regime combining 35 mm irrigation with 40 days was best for Haloxylon. Increasing the single irrigation amount and prolonging the irrigation period can further enable the more effective use of irrigation water. This study highlights that saline groundwater irrigation provides potential advantages for desert plants’ survival under reasonable irrigation regimes.
CLUSTER MODEL OF THE SYSTEM OF PUBLIC ECO-SPACE OF THE UFA CITY
Authors: Ishmuhametova K. , Spirina O. , Desyatkina A.
Published: June 2022

The article raises the topical issue of the formation of eco-consciousness in a resident of a modern metropolis through the urban environment. The authors analyzed the prerequisites for the appearance of eco-clusters in the existing public spaces of the city of Ufa. Using the experience in the formation of domestic and foreign eco-friendly public spaces and relying on theoretical works on the formation of a "personal" public space, the authors propose a cluster model of a "personal-public" system of public eco-spaces of the city of Ufa. The model is based on socio-spatial patterns of citizens' relationships at various large-scale levels in the system of public spaces of the city. The model contains the principles and methods of designing public spaces at all levels in accordance with the author's concept of "house-world". The proposed model describes a hierarchical multilevel system of public ecospaces embedded either in the existing public spaces of the city of Ufa, or in activating the resource and potential locations of the city. The model lays down the principle of participation as a condition for the development and resilience of the ecospaces of the city. The authors consider the citizen of the city as an active participant in the formation of ecospaces through ecopractics. The structure of the model includes an aspect of the mental peculiarity of the perception of space as a "home"- personal, private, and as an external "world" - an outside, surrounding "home". The model assumes the scalability of ecospaces and a different degree of perception by city residents of the level of privacy of these spaces. The principles of the formation of eco-spaces laid down in the model are due to the desire to expand the concept of "home" to the boundaries of the city. Each level of the model is presented through a socio-functional scenario of the ecospatial space included in the Ufa ecocluster and visualized as a variable design solution for the city.
Escribir la historia desde el acervo ausente. Apuntes para la construcción de un corpus del anarquismo boliviano
Authors: Margarucci Ivanna
Published: June 2022

Durante la primera mitad del siglo XX, el anarquismo boliviano alcanzó un importante y original desarrollo. Pese a ello, su cultura impresa peculiar y acervo ausente le impidieron producir primero y preservar después sus documentos, lo cual ha sido determinante para la elaboración de la historia, historiografía y memoria de dicho movimiento. Partiendo de esos vacíos documentales o “silencios” que hallan explicación en un abordaje del archivo situado dentro de una trama de poder, en este artículo nos proponemos avanzar en una definición teórica e histórica de tales conceptos y reflexionar sobre las estrategias desplegadas en los repositorios de Bolivia y del extranjero que nos permitieron construir un corpus compuesto de documentos (bibliografía, hemerografía y fondos de archivo) capaz de reponer algunas de esas piezas faltantes. A partir de esta exploración, intentaremos demostrar que es posible contestar y subvertir, al menos parcialmente, el poder en los archivos.
Minnettarlık Ölçeği: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
Authors: ACAR Muhammet Cevat
Published: June 2022

Pozitif psikoloji ile gündeme gelen kavramlardan biri olan minnettarlık, birçok ruh sağlığı göstergesi ile ilişkilidir. Bu çalışma, Likert tipi Türkçe Minnettarlık Ölçeği geliştirilmesi için yürütülmüştür. Araştırma verileri lisans düzeyinde öğrenim gören üniversite öğrencilerinden toplanmıştır. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi için 477; açımlayıcı faktör analizi için 369 ve test tekrar test analizi için 24 olmak üzere toplam 870 veri kullanılmıştır. Uzman görüşlerinin ardından psikoloji lisans öğrencileri ile odak grup görüşmesi yapılmış ve 48 maddelik madde havuzu ile ilk uygulama ve açımlayıcı faktör analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Faktör analizi sonucunda madde yükleri düşük olan maddeler ölçekten çıkarılmış ve 26 madde ile birinci düzey doğrulayıcı faktör analizi için veri toplanmıştır. İlgili modelin test edilmesi sonucunda 4 madde daha ölçekten çıkarılmış ve 5 faktörlü 22 maddelik bir ölçek formu elde dilmiştir. İlgili maddelerin toplam varyansın % 53.51’ini açıkladığı görülmüştür.
Dukungan Sosial dan Religiusitas dengan Psychological Well-Being pada Warga Binaan Perempuan di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan
Authors: Alidrus Nathania Diani
Published: June 2022

Correctional inmates need a lot from various parties. Social support and regiusitas are also very important to be improved for inmates. This study aims to determine social and religious support with psychological well-being in inmates. The measuring instrument used in this research is the social support scale, religiosity scale, and psychological welfare scale. The sampling technique in this study used a purposive sampling technique. The sample in this study were 130 correctional inmates at the Pekanbaru Women's Correctional Institution. The validity test in this study used the Pearson Product Moment technique and the reliability used the Cronbach Alpha technique. The results of the validity coefficient on the social support scale move from rix = 0.472 to rix = 0.833, the reliability coefficient = 0.962. In religiosity, the results of the validity coefficient move from rix = 0.329 to rix = 0.844 with a reliability coefficient of = 0.953. And on the psychological welfare scale, the results of the validity coefficient move from rix = 0.312 to rix = 0.855 with a reliability coefficient of = 0.949. Based on data analysis, the correlation value between social support and psychological well-being is 0.427 with a significance level of p = 0.000 (p <0.01). The value between religiosity and psychological well-being is 0.517, with a significance level of p = 0.000 (p <0.01). Furthermore, the correlation value between social support and religiosity with psychological well-being is 0.590 with a probability value (sig. F change) = 0.0000, because the value of sig. Changes in F < 0.05, then the hypothesis can be accepted. This shows that there is a significant relationship between social and religious support with psychological well-being.
Curso formação de mediadores em educação para redução de riscos de desastres no estado da Paraíba
Authors: de Oliveira Moura Marcelo
Published: June 2022

Olá professor(a)! Seja bem-vindo(a) ao CURSO FORMAÇÃO DE MEDIADORES EM EDUCAÇÃO PARA REDUÇÃO DE RISCOS DE DESASTRES NO ESTADO DA PARAÍBA (ERRD PB)! A principal meta do Curso ERRD PB é de fomentar estratégias para a promoção e ampliação da cultura em ERRD no estado da Paraíba, através da interação/mediação dialógica com os(as) educadores(as) atuantes no ensino médio de escolas públicas situadas em municípios paraibanos com elevado grau de riscos de desastres ambientais. Diante disso, o conteúdo deste fascículo é introdutório ao Curso ERRD PB e tem como objetivo contextualizar o tema frente aos riscos de desastres ambientais. Entre os principais problemas de ordem ambiental e socioeconômica na Paraíba, aqui denominados de problemas socioambientais, destacam-se o expressivo número de registros de desastres ambientais. O estado da Paraíba apresenta 77,1% do seu território inserido na região Semiárida, tendo uma predisposição do meio natural à ocorrência de eventos climáticos extremos, em especial, os oriundos das anomalias negativas da precipitação (PARAÍBA, 2018). Segundo os dados oficiais da Secretaria Nacional de Proteção e Defesa Civil, a Paraíba se destaca no ranking nacional e regional por registrar um expressivo número de reconhecimentos de desastres ambientais, predominantemente, desastres climáticos (estiagem e seca) e hidrometeorológicos (inundações), que denominamos de desastres hidroclimáticos. Foram esses registros, além de outros, que motivaram a realização do Curso ERRD PB. Então professor(a), acreditamos que a sua participação para a mitigação/gestão dessa problemática socioambiental, juntamente com os seus alunos e de sua comunidade escolar, ou melhor, a partir de sua mediação como educador(a), você poderá ter um papel transformador dessa realidade. Que juntos possamos romper com a racionalidade impressa na resposta/recuperação dos desastres ambientais (foco nos desastres), para com isso avançarmos na ampliação de uma cultura de gestão dos riscos dos desastres (foco na gestão do risco), isto é, na promoção de uma cultura em ERRD!
Aspectos da realidade ambiental e hidroclimática da Paraíba
Authors: de Oliveira Moura Marcelo , da Silva Moura Christianne Maria
Published: June 2022

Olá professor(a)! Seja bem-vindo(a) ao CURSO FORMAÇÃO DE MEDIADORES EM EDUCAÇÃO PARA REDUÇÃO DE RISCOS DE DESASTRES NO ESTADO DA PARAÍBA (ERRD PB)! A principal meta do Curso ERRD PB é de fomentar estratégias para a promoção e ampliação da cultura em ERRD no estado da Paraíba, através da interação/mediação dialógica com os(as) educadores(as) atuantes no ensino médio de escolas públicas situadas em municípios paraibanos com elevado grau de riscos de desastres ambientais. Diante disso, o conteúdo deste fascículo é introdutório ao Curso ERRD PB e tem como objetivo contextualizar o tema frente aos riscos de desastres ambientais. Entre os principais problemas de ordem ambiental e socioeconômica na Paraíba, aqui denominados de problemas socioambientais, destacam-se o expressivo número de registros de desastres ambientais. O estado da Paraíba apresenta 77,1% do seu território inserido na região Semiárida, tendo uma predisposição do meio natural à ocorrência de eventos climáticos extremos, em especial, os oriundos das anomalias negativas da precipitação (PARAÍBA, 2018). Segundo os dados oficiais da Secretaria Nacional de Proteção e Defesa Civil, a Paraíba se destaca no ranking nacional e regional por registrar um expressivo número de reconhecimentos de desastres ambientais, predominantemente, desastres climáticos (estiagem e seca) e hidrometeorológicos (inundações), que denominamos de desastres hidroclimáticos. Foram esses registros, além de outros, que motivaram a realização do Curso ERRD PB. Então professor(a), acreditamos que a sua participação para a mitigação/gestão dessa problemática socioambiental, juntamente com os seus alunos e de sua comunidade escolar, ou melhor, a partir de sua mediação como educador(a), você poderá ter um papel transformador dessa realidade. Que juntos possamos romper com a racionalidade impressa na resposta/recuperação dos desastres ambientais (foco nos desastres), para com isso avançarmos na ampliação de uma cultura de gestão dos riscos dos desastres (foco na gestão do risco), isto é, na promoção de uma cultura em ERRD!
A Vehicle Routing Problem Arising in the Distribution of Higher Education Institutions Exam Booklets
Authors: KOCAOĞLU Batuhan , ÖZCEYLAN Ayca
Published: June 2022

In this paper, the exam booklet distribution plan for the Higher Education Institutions Exam (HEIE) is studied. The accurate distribution plan is important to decrease the transportation cost and use the capacity efficiently. The exam booklets distribution should be considered as capacitated vehicle routing problem (VRP). In this context, the aim of this paper is minimizing the cost/distance of distribution from the depot where exam booklets are kept to the schools with capacitated vehicles. The case of Gaziantep city with 135 nodes (one depot and 134 schools) is considered. To model and solve the problem, a mixed integer programming (MIP) model is developed and applied. Due to large size of the problem, the VRP tool of Esri ArcGIS (well-known geographic information system (GIS) software) and OR-tool of Google are also applied to get an acceptable solution in a reasonable time. Finally, the proposed three distribution plans are compared each other and the results are discussed. Our numerical results show that the tools of Esri ArcGIS and OR-tool of Google decreases the total route distance by 8.21% and 3.02% compared to the MIP model, respectively. One of the main contributions of the paper is to show the applicability of network analyst tool of Esri ArcGIS and OR-tool of Google on a real-case CVRP.
Hydrogeochemical Investigation of Water Resources in the Aksu Stream Basin (Tefenni-Burdur)
Authors: DAVRAZ Ayşen , VAROL Simge
Published: June 2022

Drinking water supply has become an important problem today. In urban areas, drinking water is generally supplied from surface water storages such as dams and ponds. In this study, the hydrogeochemical and quality characteristics of Aksu stream waters, which will feed the dam planned to meet the long-term drinking water needs of Burdur city center, were investigated. Marmaris peridotite and Kızılcadağ melange and olistrochrome crop out in large areas in the Aksu stream basin. It has been determined that the waters in the study area are of MgHCO3 hydrogeochemical facies. The major ion contents of waters were used to define hydrogeochemical processes that control the chemical composition of surface and ground waters. It has been determined that the chemistry of the surface and ground waters in the basin, depending on the rock-water interaction, is affected by both carbonate and silicate weathering processes. The EC value of the spring waters discharged from the study area varies between 460 and 550 μS/cm, and the EC value of the stream waters varies between 460 and 620 μS/cm. The pH value of the water samples is between 8.50 and 8.73. It has been determined that the physical parameters, major ions and trace element contents of the surface and spring waters feeding the Aksu stream do not exceed the drinking water standards of Turkey and the World Health Organization and are suitable for usage as drinking water. Different diagrams and equations were used to evaluate the usability of water as irrigation water. In general, it has been determined that Aksu stream waters are suitable for use for irrigation water, except for the Magnesium Hazard (MT) value. High Mg+2 contents of the waters will have a negative effect when used as irrigation water.
Synthesis, Characterization and Docking Studies of New Chalcone Derivatives Carrying Propargyl Side Chain as a Monoaminoxidase Inhibitor
Authors: OSMANİYE Derya , SAGLİK Begüm Nurpelin
Published: June 2022

Monoamine oxidases (MAO) are a family of enzymes responsible for the oxidative deamination of endogenous and exogenous amines. The MAO enzyme, which consists of two isoforms named MAO-A and MAO-B, are important targets in the development of drugs for the treatment of neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders due to their role in the metabolism of neurotransmitters. It is known that MAO-B inhibitors are frequently preferred in the treatment of the most common neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). For this purpose, within the scope of this study, new propargyl-chalcone derivatives were synthesized and the structure determinations were elucidated using 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and high-resolution mass spectroscopy (HRMS) methods. The data obtained as a result of in vitro activity tests showed that the compound 2c is promising as a selective MAO-B inhibitor. With the molecular modelling studies carried out, the binding and interaction points of the compound 2c in the hMAO-B enzyme active site were determined.
THE RESEARCH INTO ACME-FEATURES OF PRODUCTIVE SCIENTIFIC AND PEDAGOGICAL ACTIVITY OF HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS TEACHERS
Authors: Dubasenyuk О. , Voznyuk О.
Published: June 2022

The article presents the results of a study of the features of productive scientific and pedagogical activities of higher education institutions teachers. The research has been conducted on the basis of acmeological approach. The analysis of scientific and pedagogical activities of the teachers has been made being based on the study of scientific works and the selection of appropriate criteria (goal-motivational, cognitive, activities, communicative, reflective-productive ones). The three levels of their productivity are differentiated. The highly productive level is characterized by such aspects: teachers' scientific orientation, the interest in scientific knowledge, the constant need to generate new ideas, high-level research knowledge and skills, the desire for continuous self-development, high level of research competence. The productive level is characterized by such aspects: teachers' inherent need to acquire value-oriented innovative knowledge, pertinent skills, continuous self-improvement, significant effectiveness of scientific and pedagogical activities. Ineffective teachers are characterized by such aspects as low motivation and lack of interest in scientific research, low efficiency of scientific activity. The dependence of the motives for further scientific and pedagogical activity on the level of teachers' productivity has been proved in the process of the research of their acme-peculiarities. It has been proved that it is the creative nature of teachers' activity that allows to realize both their own natural potential and the natural talents of young researchers. Thus, the study of acme-features of productive scientific and pedagogical activities of the teachers of higher education has shown that a set of activating factors of motivation, satisfaction and research competence determine the creative orientation of teachers, their desire to reach the acme-pinnacles.
Evolución volcánica y petrológica del volcán Lanín, un estratovolcán de arco, Neuquén-Argentina
Authors:   , Fuentes Tomás Gregorio
Published: June 2022

En razón de que el objetivo general del presente trabajo es definir el sistema magmático que dio origen al volcán Lanín y la petrogénesis asociada, se procedió en una primera instancia a realizar un mapeo detallado del área de estudio, delimitando y caracterizando las diferentes unidades observadas, lo que permitió realizar una nueva y actualizada estratigrafía del volcán Lanín. El volcán Lanín se encuentra ubicado en el extremo sur de la provincia de Neuquén a los 39°38′ de latitud sur y 71°30′ de longitud oeste, en el límite internacional con el hermano país de Chile. Este estratovolcán de 3776 m s.n.m. forma parte, dentro del Arco Volcánico Andino, de la denominada ZVSC (Zona Volcánica Sur Centro; 37°-41.5°S), segmento que comparte con otros estratovolcanes de edad pleistocena-holocena y un centenar de centro eruptivos monogenéticos, orientados según la tectónica regional que impone la ZFLO (Zona de Falla Liquiñe-Ofqui). Las unidades que constituyen el volcán Lanín en sectores proximales están representadas en su mayoría por depósitos lávicos conformados por paquetes de coladas de variada morfología, donde se destacan aquellas con estructuras de tipo Lavas Pahoehoe, respecto de las tipo Aa. Ambas intercalan mayormente con depósitos sedimentarios epi-volcaniclásticos de origen glaciar y gravitacional. Las rocas que constituyen las unidades lávicas presentan composiciones que se distribuyen desde basaltos (45-52% SiO2) hasta traquidacitas (63-69% SiO2), con un dominio en el terreno de composición basaltica y basalto-andesítica. Estas rocas exhiben, en líneas generales, texturas porfíricas con abundantes fenocristales de plagioclasas, olivinas y dos piroxenos (clino-ortopiroxenos). Los depósitos que conforman el estratovolcán fueron agrupados en unidades litoestratigráficas; Unidad Lanín 1 (UL1), Unidad Lanín 2 (UL2) y Unidad Lanín 3 (UL3), utilizando de forma objetiva para tal fin, criterios geomorfológicos, reológicos, petrográficos y geoquímicos. La relación espacial y temporal interpretada y las características de las facies analizadas en el edificio volcánico, permitieron así mismo la confección de un modelo evolutivo para el volcán Lanín. Posteriormente se realizó un abordaje del estudio, utilizando los resultados de análisis delaboratorio tendientes a discriminar a partir de datos petrográficos, geoquímicos y mineraloquímicos las características propias del SML (Sistema Magmático Lanín) y su relación con los edificios volcánicos cercanos. Estos estudios permitieron discernir cuáles son los procesos que están afectado la evolución del magma en el SML, desde su origen en profundidad hasta su depositación en la superficie, entre los que se destacan la cristalización fraccionada y la inmiscibilidad líquida en un sistema multicamara, originado a partir de un magma primigenio de afinidad toleitica generado en la zona de MASH (fusión, asimilación, almacenamiento y homogeneización).
Stemming the Great Resignation through Leadership Development
Authors: Jeong Stephen , Stawiski Sarah , Bukin Sol , Champion Heather
Published: June 2022

The recent rise in voluntary turnover has sparked a renewed focus on attracting and retaining talent. In their attempts to stem the tide of the Great Resignation, organizations are augmenting traditional retention strategies – e.g., higher pay, enhanced benefits, more opportunities for career advancement etc. – with remote and hybrid work schedules brought about by the COVID pandemic. Given its inherent appeal to both employees and organizations, leadership development (LD) opportunities have long been believed to play a crucial role in helping to attract and retain employees. While the body of existing correlational research does point to a positive relationship between LD opportunities and retention, there is scant research that elucidates the mechanism(s) that may help to bridge the two. Guided by existing research, this paper examined Center for Creative Leadership’s large database of program evaluation data to uncover those potential mechanisms. We found preliminary support for three specific outcomes of leadership development that may serve as potential mediators linking LD with retention; they include enhanced self-efficacy, meaningful connections, and capacity to engage followers. We conclude with implications of these findings for future research as well as some caveats related to our investigation.
Assessment of Health Impact of Heavy Metals Contained in Wild Berries of Shrubs for the Population of the Murmansk Region
Authors: Fedorov VN , Kizeev AN , Novikova YuA , Tikhonova NA , Kovshov AA
Published: June 2022

Background: Studies of wild berries of local shrubs carried out in the Murmansk Region showed an increased accumulation of heavy metals in them, especially near the Severonickel plant. High concentrations of industrial pollutants were measured in blueberries, lingonberries and crowberries. Objective: To assess health effects of population exposure to nickel and copper in wild berries of small shrubs in the Murmansk Region. Materials and methods: We tested metal contents in blueberries, lingonberries and crowberries gathered in August–September of 2016–2018 at ten stationary monitoring plots located along the industrial pollution gradient in the meridional (south) direction on the leeward side of the Severonickel plant. Health risk assessment was conducted in accordance with Guidelines R 2.1.10.1920-04, Health Risk Assessment from Environmental Chemicals. Results: Values of carcinogenic risk from oral exposure to nickel contained in the berries were unacceptably high (> 1.0E-03) at all monitoring plots. Estimates of chronic non-carcinogenic risk from nickel exposure were also high while those from copper exposure were unacceptable only for crowberry. Hazard index values for the unidirectional effect of copper and nickel on the digestive tract and liver were unacceptably high (> 1.0) at most monitoring plots for all the berries studied. Discussion: High risk values for the local population necessitate the development of recommendations for exposure reduction, such as limiting the annual consumption of berries to 6 kg, avoiding berry picking at a distance of up to 15 km from the Seve- ronickel plant, etc. Conclusions: The predicted levels of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks associated with exposure to nickel and copper were estimated as unacceptably high, thus indicating a pronounced industrial impact on boreal ecosystems in the zone of influence of the enterprise, extending more than 15 km from its industrial site. It is critical to develop appropriate recommendations for the population consuming wild-growing blueberries, cowberries and crowberries picked in this industrially contaminated area.
Health Risk Factors of Emissions from Internal Combustion Engine Vehicles: An Up-to-Date Status of the Problem
Authors: Morgunov BA , Chashchin VP , Gudkov AB , Chashchin MV , Popova ON , Nikanov AN , Thomassen Yngvar
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Motor transport with internal combustion engines powered by diesel fuel and gasoline is one of the main sources of ambient air pollution since its emissions pose an urgent medical and environmental challenge.
The objective of the study was to identify priority pollutants from emissions of motor vehicles powered by internal combustion engines based on the results of a systematic review in order to substantiate the main preventive strategy to mitigate the associated public health adverse effects.
Methods: We did keyword search for relevant publications in several electronic databases, such as the Russian Science Citation Index, CyberLeninka, Scopus, and WoS. Research papers published in 2000–2021 were selected for the analysis. Out of 103 topical full-text publications, 59 works met the criteria for inclusion in the systematic review.
Results: We observed that atmospheric emissions of internal combustion engines represent a complex agglomeration of gases, vapors, and particulate matter. The chemicals present in the emissions impair the oxygen transport function by inhibiting cellular respiration, cause irritation of mucous membranes, have mutagenic and carcinogenic effects, contribute to the occurrence of acid rains and to global warming. The biological effect of airborne particles largely depends on their size. It has been established that an increase in the number of airborne particles with an aerodynamic diameter less than 10 μm is associated with the risk of endothelial inflammation, thrombosis, increased cell permeability, and DNA methylation. It has been also demonstrated that a 5 µg/m3 increment in ambient concentrations of fine particles (< 2.5 μm) causes a 7 % increase in the mortality rate. At the same time, PM2.5 exposure-related risks of excess deaths from cardiovascular diseases are twice as high as those posed by exposure to PM10.
Conclusions: Diesel and gasoline engine exhausts are a significant risk factor for human health. An effective preventive strategy should be aimed at replacing heavy hydrocarbon motor fuels by compressed gas using hydrogen cells and electric motors.
Lojistik ve Taşımacılığın Karbon Ayak İzi: Sistematik Bir Literatür İncelemesi
Authors: TURGUT Aslıhan , BUDAK Tamer
Published: June 2022

Hızlı sanayileşmeyle yıllar içinde, sera gazı emisyonlarının büyük ölçüde artması ve bu gazlar içinde karbondioksitin en yüksek orana sahip olması karbon ayak izinin moda bir kavram değil, bir gerçeklik olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Karbon ayak izi, bir faaliyetin ya da ürünün doğrudan ya da dolaylı olarak sebep olduğu karbondioksit (CO2) emisyonlarının kümülatif miktarı olup, birçok sektörde karbon emisyonlarını belirlemek için bu kavram kullanılmaktadır. Lojistik ve taşımacılık, dünyada en fazla CO2 üreten sektörlerin başında gelmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, kapsamlı ve sistematik bir literatür taraması yoluyla lojistik ve taşımacılık karbon ayak izinin yapısına, sınırlarına ve gelişim eğilimine yönelik kavramsal bir çerçeve sunmaktır. Sistematik literatür çalışmaları bir veya birkaç veri tabanı dikkate alınarak yapılmakta olup, bu çalışmada Web of Science (WoS) veri tabanında yer alan makaleler kullanılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında WoS veri tabanından ilk arama sonucu 373 makaleye ulaşılmış, bu çalışmanın dahil etme ve hariç tutma kriterleri olan başlık, özet ve anahtar kelimelerin incelenmesi sonucunda, 24 çalışma örnekleme dahil olmuştur. İncelenen çalışmaların sonucunda lojistik ve taşımacılık karbon ayak izi konusunun 2010'dan itibaren çalışıldığı, çalışmaların çoğunun gelişmiş ülkelerde yayınlandığı, çalışmalarda nicel yöntemlerin daha fazla tercih edildiği ve ağırlıklı olarak vaka analizleri, model ya da yöntem geliştirilerek karbon ayak izinin hesaplanmaya çalışıldığı, konunun yeni olması ve maliyetlerinin nispeten yüksek olması nedeniyle karbon ayak izinin uygulama kısmının sektörde tam olarak oluşturulamadığı, uluslararası lojistik ve taşımacılığın karbon ayak izi ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerde sürdürülebilir lojistik ve taşımacılık karbon ayak izi ile ilgili sınırlı sayıda çalışma olduğu, lojistik ve taşımacılık karbon ayak izinin sosyal etkilerini inceleyen çalışmaların olmadığı bulgusuna varılmıştır. Bu çalışma, araştırma alanındaki üretilen mevcut bilgi ve bulgular hakkında sistematik bir şekilde fikir verebilecek ve gelecekteki araştırmalar için bir rehber görevi görebilecektir.
Intangible Heritage and Sustainable Development Strategies
Authors: Goussous Jawdat
Published: June 2022

This paper analyses in detail the problems of protecting cultural heritage in rural regions and small towns, in traditional rural landscapes and in the context of the revival of rural settlements. The paper substantiates the necessity and possibility of measures for the preservation of tangible and intangible cultural heritage by measures of both organisational and technical nature. The international experience of safeguarding cultural heritage by organisational measures and digital preservation is considered; the need to correct this experience in accordance with local specifics is substantiated. The existing technical approaches to the digital preservation of cultural heritage are analysed. An original approach is proposed that most fully simulates complex objects such as artistic reliefs with painting – the method of synchronised laser triangulation, combined with the method of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy.
Pengamatan ketertarikan ikan pada lampu Led RGB bawah air di Perairan Teluk Manado
Authors: Turnip Lita ImanSari , Patty Wilhelmina , Kalangi Patrice , Pangalila Fransisco
Published: June 2022

Penggunaan Lampu LED RGB dalam air berbasis Internet of things sebagai alat bantu penangkapan ikan, baru digunakan di Perairan Teluk Manado, dengan beberapa keunggulan yakni dapat dioperasikan secara insitu dari jarak jauh dan menggunakan beberapa warna cahaya secara otomatis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ketertarikan ikan terhadap cahaya lampu LED dalam air dan komposisi hasil tangkapan ikan dengan pukat cincin selama 3 hari pengamatan di rakit. Hasil pengamatan yang diperoleh adalah ikan lebih cepat tertarik pada cahaya warna biru, kemudian cahaya warna hijau. Ikan yang mendekati sumber cahaya memerlukan waktu penyesuaian 10 – 30 menit untuk tetap berada disekitar lampu. Setelah pencahayaan warna merah, ikan terlihat semakin banyak dan tenang berada di sekitar lampu. Ada 6 jenis ikan yang tertangkap yakni ikan selar, kuwe, tongkol, layang, tuna, moonfish, dan cumi-cumi. Dengan jenis ikan yang dominan tertangkap adalah ikan selar , layang, dan ikan kuwe.