bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN PENGELOLAAN EMOSI KORBAN PERCERAIAN BERBANTUAN BIMBINGAN PRIBADI-SOSIAL DENGAN TEKNIK SIMULASI SISWA SMP NEGERI 1 TAKERAN KABUPATEN MAGETAN
Authors: Bahiroh Afifatul Fitria , Sumarwoto Vitalis Djarot
Published: March 2018

Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan dan catatan konselor sekolah, diperoleh
informasi bahwa di SMP Negeri 1 Takeran Kabupaten Magetan khususnya siswa
kelas VIII, menunjukkan kurang mampu mengelola emosinya. Penyebab yang
paling dirasakan adalah karena latar belakang perceraian orang tua. Akibatnya,
kebanyakan siswa tersebut merasa minder, kurang mampu memotivasi diri
sendiri, tingkat kecemasan yang berlebihan, dan kurang mampu bangkit dari
perasaan-perasaan yang menekan. Kemampuan pengelolaan emosi merupakan
penunjang dari keberhasilan siswa dalam bersosialisasi dan mengoptimalkan
kemampuannya, sehingga ada alasan perlu ditingkatkan. Harapan dalam
penelitian ini siswa lebih mampu memotivasi diri, bertahan menghadapi frustasi,
mampu mengendalikan dorongan hati, tidak melebih-lebihkan kesenangan,
mampu mengatur suasana hati dan berempati.
Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan pengelolaan
emosi korban perceraian melalui bimbingan pribadi-sosial dengan teknik simulasi
siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Takeran Kabupaten Magetan. Sampel penelitian
ditetapkan dengan teknik purposive sampling, yaitu siswa korban dari orang
tuanya bercerai, sebanyak 16 siswa, dan yang terindikasi belum mampu
mengelola emosi yang disebabkan perceraian orang tua sebanyak 5 siswa.
Penentuan jumlah sampel penelitian mengacu pada hasil observasi peneliti dan
catatan hasil analisis data kepribadian dari konselor sekolah. Pengumpulan data
menggunakan teknik angket. Rancangan penilitian ini menggunakan pra eksperimental,
dengan desain one-group pretest-post test. Analisis data penelitian
mengunakan teknik statistik, dengan rumus t-score.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada peningkatan kemampuan mengelola
emosi korban perceraian orang tua melalui bimbingan pribadi-sosial dengan
teknik simulasi pada siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Takeran Kabupaten Magetan.
PENGARUH BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING TRAIT AND FACTOR DAN PEMAHAMAN POTENSI DIRI TERHADAP KETEPATAN PEMILIHAN JURUSAN SISWA KLAS IX SMP NEGERI 5 KOTA MADIUN
Authors: Sulistyowati Indra Novia , Mahmudi Ibnu
Published: March 2018

Penelitian ini penelitian kuantitatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk
mengetahui pengaruh bimbingan dan konseling trait and factor dan pemahaman
potensi diri terhadap ketepatan pemilihan jurusan siswa.
Penelitian dilaksanakan di SMP Negeri 5 Kota Madiun, populasi pada
penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas IX SMP Negeri 5 Kota Madiun.
Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan cara random sampling. Jumlah anggota
sampel seluruhnya sebanyak 62 siswa atau 30% dari jumlah populasi kelas IX
yang berjumlah 160 siswa.
Pengumpulan data yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah
menggunakan angket. Dalam menganalisa data digunakan teknik regresi linier dua
predictor dan uji F. Penelitian ini, dalam perhitungannya menggunakan
pengolahan data Microsoft Office Exel 2007 dan SPSS 16.0
Analisis data menunjukkan hasil yang signifikan dengan hasil kolerasi
antara X1 terhadap Y diperoleh nilai rhitung = 0,504. dengan rtabel untuk N = 62, db
= N – 1 = 51 dan taraf signifikansi ( = 5%) adalah 0,254, sehingga rhitung > rtabel =
(0,504 > 0,254), jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa ho ditolak dan ha diterima. X2
terhadap Y, diperoleh nilai rhitung = 0,426. dengan rtabel untuk N = 62, db = N – 1 =
61 dan taraf signifikansi ( = 5%) adalah 0,254 , sehingga rhitung > rtabel = (0,426 >
0,254),jadi disimpulkan bahwa ho ditolak dan ha diterima. X1, X2 terhadap Y
diperoleh harga F-reg = 14,928. dengan harga F-tabel untuk N = 62, dengan taraf
signifikan sebesar 5% adalah 3,20, sehingga diperoleh F-reg > F-tabel = (14,928
> 3,20), sehingga disimpulkan bahwa ha ditolak dan ha diterima.
Hasil penelitian menunjukan pengaruh yang signifikan dengan hasil uji F,
diperoleh harga F-reg = 6,959. Dengan taraf signifikan sebesar 5% adalah,
diketahui bahwa F-reg (6,959) > F-tabel (3,20).
Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa: (1) ada pengaruh bimbingan
dan konseling trait and factor terhadap ketepatan pemilihan jurusan, (2) ada
pengaruh pemahaman potensi diri terhadap ketepatan pemilihan jurusan, (3) ada
pengaruh bimbingan dan konseling trait and factor dan pemahaman potensi diri
terhadap ketepatan pemilihan jurusan siswa kelas IX SMP Negeri 5 Kota Madiun.
KONSELING TEMAN SEBAYA (PEER COUNSELING) UNTUK MEREDUKSI KECANDUAN GAME ONLINE
Authors: Prasetiawan Hardi
Published: March 2018

Salah satu fungsi terpenting dari kelompok teman sebaya adalah untuk memberikan sumber informasi dan komparasi tentang dunia di luar keluarga, melalui konseling teman sebaya (peer counseling) para remaja dapat saling menerima masukan/umpan balik dari setiap teman-temannya tentang kemampuannya dalam menilai apa saja yang dilakukannya dengan apa yang remaja lain kerjakan. Melalui konseling teman sebaya capaiannya adalah para remaja yang kecandan game online dapat mengurangi waktu bermainnya yang berlebihan atau bahkan tidak memiliki batasan waktunya.

 
Kata kunci : Konseling Teman Sebaya (Peer Counseling), Remaja, Kecanduan Game  Online.
PERBEDAAN PERILAKU PROSOSIAL DAN SELF AWARENESS TERHADAP NILAI BUDAYA LOKAL JAWA DI TINJAU DARI JENIS KELAMIN PADA SISWA SMA KYAI AGENG BASYARIYAH KECAMATAN DAGANGAN KABUPATEN MADIUN
Authors: Kusumaningrum Elza , Dewi Noviyanti Kartika
Published: March 2018

Pada dasarnya siswa yang memiliki perilaku prososial yang baik akan mudah diterima di lingkungan masayarakat, memiliki perilaku prososial adalah cara meminimalisir tumbuh suburnya sikap individualis di kalangan siswa baik pada siswa laki-laki maupun perempuan. Selain itu, kesadaran diri siswa terhadap nilai budaya jawa juga perlu dipertahankan, karena remajalah yang akan mewarisi nilai lokal budaya jawa ini. Kesadaran diri penting karena memiliki kesadaran diri membuat remaja mengetahui akan kelebihan dan kekurangan masing-masing, seseorang akan mampu memahami konsep diri dan standar, nilai serta tujuan yang dimiliki seseorang.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya perbedaan perilaku prososial dan self awareness (kesadaran diri) terhadap nilai-nilai lokal budaya jawa di tinjau dari jenis kelamin pada siswa SMA Kyai Ageng Basyariyah Kecamatan Dagangan Kabupaten Madiun tahun pelajaran 2015/2016. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan pendekatan metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Penentuan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik random sampling yaitu mengambil 60 siswa. Yang terdiri dari 30 siswa perempuan dan 30 siswa laki-laki. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode skala sikap. Dalam menganalisis data menggunakan teknik analisis uji-t.

Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa : (1) Ada perbedaan perilaku prososial siswa perempuan dan laki-laki kelas X SMA Kyai Ageng Basyariyah Kecamatan Dagangan Kabupaten MadiunTahun Pelajaran 2015/2016, hal tersebut dengan ditunjukkan rhitung= 4,222>ttabel= 1,671 (2) Ada perbedaan perilaku prososial dan self awareness terhadap nilai-nilai lokal budaya jawa anatara siswa perempuan dan laki-laki SMA Kyai Ageng Basyariyah Kecamatan Dagangan Kabupaten MadiunTahun Pelajaran 2015/2016, hal tersebut dengan ditunjukkan rhitung= 4,327>ttabel= 1,671. Ini berarti ha diterima dan ho ditolak.

 
Kata Kunci : Perilaku Prososial, Self Awarenes (Kesadaran Diri),Nilai-Nilai Lokal Budaya Jawa, di Tinjau dari Jenis Kelamin
Brasilia: imágenes de la gloria, memorias de la exclusión
Authors: Capasso Verónica , Urtubey Federico
Published: March 2018

A comienzos de los años ´50, se produjo en Brasil una explosión modernista que se manifestó en un variado abanico de propuestas, proyectos e instituciones, entre ellas la construcción de Brasilia. Durante la presidencia de Kubitschek (1956-1961) su construcción se invistió como la concreción a nivel urbano del imaginario de progreso y modernización tecnológica, un proyecto de hacer crecer a Brasil cincuenta años en tan sólo cinco. En el presente trabajo abordaremos producciones artísticas que se articulan como contrarelatos de la construcción mítica de Brasilia. Tomaremos como objetos de análisis la instalación de Cildo Meireles Através (1983-1989) y la película Branco sai, preto fica (2014) de Adirley Queirós. Ambas aportan una perspectiva con mayores claroscuros respecto de la experiencia de habitar Brasilia, dando lugar a una serie de discursos críticos relacionados con las existentes situaciones de exclusión social y disputa por el espacio público.
Palabras clave: Brasilia, arte, Cildo Meireles, Através, Adirley Queirós, Branco sai, preto fica, memoria.
A CFD Study of Industrial Double-Cyclone in HDPE Drying Process
Authors: Razavi Alavi S.A. , Nemati Lay E. , Alizadeh Makhmali Z.S.
Published: March 2018

Double-cyclone in fluidized bed drying is an important equipment which reflects the conditions of drying in HDPE slurry process. Cyclone is an important unite of fluidized bed drying in order to move the solid particles outward to its wall. Therefore, flow pattern created in fluidized bed will affect industrial cyclones installed in dryer for dust removing. Pressure drop of the cyclones is an effective parameter represents the drying behavior. Substantially, geometry of cyclone, inlet flow rate of gas, density and particle size distribution (PSD) can affect the pressure drop value. Fluidized bed hydrodynamic regime is very complex and must be understood to improve fluidized bed operations through theoretical, industrial and CFD study of double-cyclone. Pressure drop is introduced as parameter related to the cyclone efficiency can be calculated with ANSYS Fluent software in the Eulerian-Lagrangian framework with RNG k-ɛ turbulence model used as a mathematical method. Proper pressure drop concluded from industrial experiments and CFD calculation shows good fluidization of HDPE particles in the bed of nitrogen and powder  to reach the best fluidized bed situation and suitable quality of HDPE powdery product.
Analysis of Bifurcations in a Wind Turbine System Based on DFIG
Authors: Khosravi Saber , Zamanifar Mehran , Derakhshan-Barjoei Pouya
Published: March 2018

This main aim of this study is investigation of the dynamic stability in a grid-connected wing turbine system based on Double Feed Induction Generator (DFIG) using the bifurcation theory. Regarding the overview of stability by Cardenas et. al. [1]. In our research, the proposed system model is simulated based on bifurcation theory in MATLAB software. In each step, one of the controlling or non-controlling parameters is selected. Eigenvalues of system are traced permanently during simulation. According to the change of the eigenvalues of system, due to the change of bifurcation parameter, stability of the equilibrium point and special bifurcations including saddle-node and Hopf bifurcations in the system are determined.
Desenvolvimento de um jogo educativo para contribuir no aprendizado da língua portuguesa para alunos surdos
Authors: Rizzo Jakellinny Gonçalves de Souza , Pereira Rutnéia De Ávila
Published: March 2018

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar o desenvolvimento de um jogo elaborado por acadêmicas do curso de licenciatura em Letras Libras da Faculdade de Educação a Distância – EaD da Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados (UFGD) para auxiliar o processo de ensino aprendizagem da Língua Portuguesa (LP) para os alunos surdos, destacando as contribuições do Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID) na formação acadêmica. O subprojeto Letras Libras é desenvolvido em uma escola da rede pública estadual, no município de Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul. Primeiramente será exposta a apresentação das atividades desenvolvidas, posteriormente os métodos e na sequência os resultados, foi perceptível que a utilização de jogos midiáticos empenha no processo de ensino e aprendizagem.
Relato de experiência: a literatura visual no aprendizado dos surdos
Authors: Souza Anay Matos Rodrigues de , Pereira Rutnéia De Ávila , Lima Juliana Maria da Silva
Published: March 2018

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar uma peça teatral sobre Leonardo da Vinci elaborado por acadêmicas do curso de licenciatura em Letras Libras da Faculdade de Educação a Distância – EaD da Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados (UFGD) com o objetivo na Literatura Visual, mostrando a cultura surda e entrelaçando com a história da Educação dos surdos em certo recorte diacrônico da Língua de Sinais, destacando as contribuições do Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID) na formação acadêmica. O subprojeto Letras Libras é desenvolvido em uma escola da rede pública estadual, no município de Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul
Ensino de Libras: uma atividade do Pibid para estudantes do ensino infantil de uma escola municipal da cidade de Campo Grande
Authors: Albres Cristiane Ribeiro , Constâncio Rosana De Fátima Janes , Daniel Alessandra Souza da Cruz
Published: March 2018

O ensino de Libras passou a ser ofertado após o reconhecimento linguístico com a Lei de Libras no 10.436/02 e o Decreto no 5626/05 que regulamenta esta Lei. Assim com as conquistas e desafios vivenciados no processo de inclusão atendendo a todos, o campo educacional está possibilitando em escolas que tem uma proposta bilíngue ou que atende alunos com surdez o ensino de Libras. Como uma das ações do PIBID Letras Libras a partir do mês de setembro do presente ano, em uma escola municipal do município de Campo Grande, inicia-se o ensino de Libras para estudantes do Ensino Infantil com a meta de garantir o acesso e acessibilidade, bem como propiciar o uso e difusão da Libras.
A mediação do tutor no ensino e na aprendizagem de uma língua estrangeira a distância
Authors: Barboza Carina Mendes
Published: March 2018

Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar e refletir sobre o papel do tutor em cursos de língua estrangeira na modalidade de Educação a distância, a partir de pressupostos teóricos. Descreve as características de um tutor em curso de Língua Estrangeira; a formação do tutor e o uso das novas tecnologias; e as funções do tutor no processo pedagógico de um curso de ensino de línguas. A pesquisa é uma compilação e ordenação sintética de reflexões baseadas em bibliografia sobre o tema. Através do desenvolvimento do presente estudo, foi possível observar que compreender como se dá o processo de ensino e aprendizagem na modalidade a distância contribui para formar o perfil do tutor, onde é possível ver que ele tem papel fundamental na aprendizagem de uma língua estrangeira.
Aplicando o software Winplot para o ensino de sistemas de lineares.
Authors: Silva Warley Gramacho da
Published: March 2018

Este trabalho descreve a aplicação do software matemático Winplot no ensino da Álgebra Linear. O uso de recursos computacionais como ferramenta didática pode, além de motivar as aulas de matemática, facilitar a formação de conceitos e aprofundar o entendimento do conteúdo através da exploração e integração dos aspectos gráficos, geométricos, numéricos e analíticos dos softwares aplicados ao Sistema Linear, o que permite, também, a construção de modelos matemáticos abstratos, simples e precisos.
The Impact of Genetic Changes during Crop Domestication on Healthy Food Development
Authors: Smýkal Petr , Nelson Matthew , Berger Jens , Von Wettberg Eric
Published: March 2018

n/a
Post-Irradiation Treatment with a Superoxide Dismutase Mimic, MnTnHex-2-PyP5+, Mitigates Radiation Injury in the Lungs of Non-Human Primates after Whole-Thorax Exposure to Ionizing Radiation
Authors: Cline John , Dugan Greg , Bourland John , Perry Donna , Stitzel Joel , Weaver Ashley , Jiang Chen , Tovmasyan Artak , Owzar Kouros , Spasojevic Ivan , Batinic-Haberle Ines , Vujaskovic Zeljko
Published: March 2018

Radiation injury to the lung is the result of acute and chronic free radical formation, and there are currently few effective means of mitigating such injury. Studies in rodents indicate that superoxide dismutase mimetics may be effective in this regard; however, studies in humans or large animals are lacking. We hypothesized that post-exposure treatment with the lipophilic mitochondrial superoxide dismutase mimetic, MnTnHex-2-PyP5+ (hexyl), would reduce radiation-induced pneumonitis and fibrosis in the lungs of nonhuman primates. Rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) received 10 Gy whole thorax irradiation, 10 Gy + hexyl treatment, sham irradiation, or sham irradiation + hexyl. Hexyl was given twice daily, subcutaneously, at 0.05 mg/kg, for 2 months. Animals were monitored daily, and respiratory rates, pulse oximetry, hematology and serum chemistry panels were performed weekly. Computed tomography scans were performed at 0, 2, and 4 months after irradiation. Supportive fluid therapy, corticosteroids, analgesics, and antibiotics were given as needed. All animals were humanely euthanized 4.5 months after irradiation, and pathologic assessments were made. Multifocal, progressive lung lesions were seen at 2 and 4 months in both irradiated groups. Hexyl treatment delayed the onset of radiation-induced lung lesions, reduced elevations of respiratory rate, and reduced pathologic increases in lung weight. No adverse effects of hexyl treatment were found. These results demonstrate (1) development of a nonhuman primate model of radiation-induced lung injury, (2) a significant mitigating effect of hexyl treatment on lung pathology in this model, and (3) no evidence for toxicity of hexyl at the dose studied.
The Repertoire of Adenovirus in Human Disease: The Innocuous to the Deadly
Authors: Khanal Subrat , Ghimire Pranita , Dhamoon Amit
Published: March 2018

Adenoviridae is a family of double-stranded DNA viruses that are a significant cause of upper respiratory tract infections in children and adults. Less commonly, the adenovirus family can cause a variety of gastrointestinal, ophthalmologic, genitourinary, and neurologic diseases. Most adenovirus infections are self-limited in the immunocompetent host and are treated with supportive measures. Fatal infections can occur in immunocompromised patients and less frequently in the healthy. Adenoviral vectors are being studied for novel biomedical applications including gene therapy and immunization. In this review we will focus on the spectrum of adenoviral infections in humans.
Protein Biomarkers for Early Detection of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: Progress and Challenges
Authors: Root Alex , Allen Peter , Tempst Paul , Yu Kenneth
Published: March 2018

Approximately 75% of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma are diagnosed with advanced cancer, which cannot be safely resected. The most commonly used biomarker CA19-9 has inadequate sensitivity and specificity for early detection, which we define as Stage I/II cancers. Therefore, progress in next-generation biomarkers is greatly needed. Recent reports have validated a number of biomarkers, including combination assays of proteins and DNA mutations; however, the history of translating promising biomarkers to clinical utility suggests that several major hurdles require careful consideration by the medical community. The first set of challenges involves nominating and verifying biomarkers. Candidate biomarkers need to discriminate disease from benign controls with high sensitivity and specificity for an intended use, which we describe as a two-tiered strategy of identifying and screening high-risk patients. Community-wide efforts to share samples, data, and analysis methods have been beneficial and progress meeting this challenge has been achieved. The second set of challenges is assay optimization and validating biomarkers. After initial candidate validation, assays need to be refined into accurate, cost-effective, highly reproducible, and multiplexed targeted panels and then validated in large cohorts. To move the most promising candidates forward, ideally, biomarker panels, head-to-head comparisons, meta-analysis, and assessment in independent data sets might mitigate risk of failure. Much more investment is needed to overcome these challenges. The third challenge is achieving clinical translation. To moonshot an early detection test to the clinic requires a large clinical trial and organizational, regulatory, and entrepreneurial know-how. Additional factors, such as imaging technologies, will likely need to improve concomitant with molecular biomarker development. The magnitude of the clinical translational challenge is uncertain, but interdisciplinary cooperation within the PDAC community is poised to confront it.
Relationship between Entropy and Dimension of Financial Correlation-Based Network
Authors: Nie Chun-xiao , Song Fu-tie
Published: March 2018

We analyze the dimension of a financial correlation-based network and apply our analysis to characterize the complexity of the network. First, we generalize the volume-based dimension and find that it is well defined by the correlation-based network. Second, we establish the relationship between the Rényi index and the volume-based dimension. Third, we analyze the meaning of the dimensions sequence, which characterizes the level of departure from the comparison benchmark based on the randomized time series. Finally, we use real stock market data from three countries for empirical analysis. In some cases, our proposed analysis method can more accurately capture the structural differences of networks than the power law index commonly used in previous studies.
2018 Electronics Travel Awards for Postdoctoral Fellows and PhD Students Announcement
Authors: Bassiouni Mostafa ,   Electronics Editorial Office
Published: March 2018

Electronics launched, in 2018, the Travel Awards for Postdoctoral Fellows and PhD Students for the first time.[...]
Modeling and Experimentation of New Thermoelectric Cooler–Thermoelectric Generator Module
Authors: Teffah Khaled , Zhang Youtong , Mou Xiao-long
Published: March 2018

In this work, a modeling and experimental study of a new thermoelectric cooler–thermoelectric generator (TEC-TEG) module is investigated. The studied module is composed of TEC, TEG and total system heatsink, all connected thermally in series. An input voltage (1–5 V) passes through the TEC where the electrons by means of Peltier effect entrain the heat from the upper side of the module to the lower one creating temperature difference; TEG plays the role of a partial heatsink for the TEC by transferring this waste heat to the total system heatsink and converting an amount of this heat into electricity by a phenomenon called Seebeck effect, of the thermoelectric modules. The performance of the TEG as partial heatsink of TEC at different input voltages is demonstrated theoretically using the modeling software COMSOL Multiphysics. Moreover, the experiment validates the simulation result which smooths the path for a new manufacturing thermoelectric cascade model for the cooling and the immediate electric power generation.
Stirling Engine Configuration Selection
Authors: Egas Jose , Clucas Don M.
Published: March 2018

Unlike internal combustion engines, Stirling engines can be designed to work with many drive mechanisms based on the three primary configurations, alpha, beta and gamma. Hundreds of different combinations of configuration and mechanical drives have been proposed. Few succeed beyond prototypes. A reason for poor success is the use of inappropriate configuration and drive mechanisms, which leads to low power to weight ratio and reduced economic viability. The large number of options, the lack of an objective comparison method, and the absence of a selection criteria force designers to make random choices. In this article, the pressure—volume diagrams and compression ratios of machines of equal dimensions, using the main (alpha, beta and gamma) crank based configurations as well as rhombic drive and Ross yoke mechanisms, are obtained. The existence of a direct relation between the optimum compression ratio and the temperature ratio is derived from the ideal Stirling cycle, and the usability of an empirical low temperature difference compression ratio equation for high temperature difference applications is tested using experimental data. It is shown that each machine has a different compression ratio, making it more or less suitable for a specific application, depending on the temperature difference reachable.
From Content Knowledge to Community Change: A Review of Representations of Environmental Health Literacy
Authors: Gray Kathleen
Published: March 2018

Environmental health literacy (EHL) is a relatively new framework for conceptualizing how people understand and use information about potentially harmful environmental exposures and their influence on health. As such, information on the characterization and measurement of EHL is limited. This review provides an overview of EHL as presented in peer-reviewed literature and aggregates studies based on whether they represent individual level EHL or community level EHL or both. A range of assessment tools has been used to measure EHL, with many studies relying on pre-/post-assessment; however, a broader suite of assessment tools may be needed to capture community-wide outcomes. This review also suggests that the definition of EHL should explicitly include community change or collective action as an important longer-term outcome and proposes a refinement of previous representations of EHL as a theoretical framework, to include self-efficacy.
Nationwide Drinking Water Sampling Campaign for Exposure Assessments in Denmark
Authors: Voutchkova Denitza Dimitrova , Hansen Birgitte , Ernstsen Vibeke , Kristiansen Søren Munch
Published: March 2018

Nationwide sampling campaign of treated drinking water of groundwater origin was designed and implemented in Denmark in 2013. The main purpose of the sampling was to obtain data on the spatial variation of iodine concentration and speciation in treated drinking water, which was supplied to the majority of the Danish population. This data was to be used in future exposure and epidemiologic studies. The water supply sector (83 companies, owning 144 waterworks throughout Denmark) was involved actively in the planning and implementation process, which reduced significantly the cost and duration of data collection. The dataset resulting from this collaboration covers not only iodine species (I−, IO3−, TI), but also major elements and parameters (pH, electrical conductivity, DOC, TC, TN, F−, Cl−, NO3−, SO42−, Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Na+) and a long list of trace elements (n = 66). The water samples represent 144 waterworks abstracting about 45% of the annual Danish groundwater abstraction for drinking water purposes, which supply about 2.5 million Danes (45% of all Danish residents). This technical note presents the design, implementation, and limitations of such a sampling design in detail in order (1) to facilitate the future use of this dataset, (2) to inform future replication studies, or (3) to provide an example for other researchers.
Water Bacterial and Fungal Community Compositions Associated with Urban Lakes, Xi’an, China
Authors: Zhang Haihan , Wang Yue , Chen Shengnan , Zhao Zhenfang , Feng Ji , Zhang Zhonghui , Lu Kuanyu , Jia Jingyu
Published: March 2018

Urban lakes play a vital role in the sustainable development of urbanized areas. In this freshwater ecosystem, massive microbial communities can drive the recycling of nutrients and regulate the water quality. However, water bacterial and fungal communities in the urban lakes are not well understood. In the present work, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was combined with community level physiological profiles (CLPPs) and Illumina Miseq sequence techniques to determine the diversity and composition of the water bacterial and fungal community in three urban lakes, namely Xingqing lake (LX), Geming lake (LG) and Lianhu lake (LL), located in Xi’an City (Shaanxi Province, China). The results showed that these three lakes were eutrophic water bodies. The highest total nitrogen (TN) was observed in LL, with a value of 12.1 mg/L, which is 2 times higher than that of LG. The permanganate index (CODMn) concentrations were 21.6 mg/L, 35.4 mg/L and 28.8 mg/L in LG, LL and LX, respectively (p < 0.01). Based on the CLPPs test, the results demonstrated that water bacterial communities in the LL and LX urban lakes had higher carbon source utilization ability. A total of 62,742 and 55,346 high quality reads were grouped into 894 and 305 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) for bacterial and fungal communities, respectively. Water bacterial and fungal community was distributed across 14 and 6 phyla. The most common phyla were Proteobacteriaand Cyanobacteria. Cryptomycota was particularly dominant in LL, while Chytridiomycota and Entomophthormycota were the most abundant fungal phyla, accounting for 95% of the population in the LL and 56% in the LG. Heat map and redundancy analysis (RDA) highlighted the dramatic differences of water bacterial communities among three urban lakes. Meanwhile, the profiles of fungal communities were significantly correlated with the water quality parameters (e.g., CODMn and total nitrogen, TN). Several microbes (Legionella sp. and Streptococcus sp.) related to human diseases, such as infectious diseases, were also found. The results from this study provides useful information related to the water quality and microbial community compositions harbored in the aquatic ecosystems of urban lakes.
Revealed Preference Methods for Studying Bicycle Route Choice—A Systematic Review
Authors: Pritchard Ray
Published: March 2018

One fundamental aspect of promoting utilitarian bicycle use involves making modifications to the built environment to improve the safety, efficiency and enjoyability of cycling. Revealed preference data on bicycle route choice can assist greatly in understanding the actual behaviour of a highly heterogeneous group of users, which in turn assists the prioritisation of infrastructure or other built environment initiatives. This systematic review seeks to compare the relative strengths and weaknesses of the empirical approaches for evaluating whole journey route choices of bicyclists. Two electronic databases were systematically searched for a selection of keywords pertaining to bicycle and route choice. In total seven families of methods are identified: GPS devices, smartphone applications, crowdsourcing, participant-recalled routes, accompanied journeys, egocentric cameras and virtual reality. The study illustrates a trade-off in the quality of data obtainable and the average number of participants. Future additional methods could include dockless bikeshare, multiple camera solutions using computer vision and immersive bicycle simulator environments.
Innate Immunity against Cryptococcus, from Recognition to Elimination
Authors: Campuzano Althea , Wormley Floyd
Published: March 2018

Cryptococcus species, the etiological agents of cryptococcosis, are encapsulated fungal yeasts that predominantly cause disease in immunocompromised individuals, and are responsible for 15% of AIDS-related deaths worldwide. Exposure follows the inhalation of the yeast into the lung alveoli, making it incumbent upon the pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) of pulmonary phagocytes to recognize highly conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPS) of fungi. The main challenges impeding the ability of pulmonary phagocytes to effectively recognize Cryptococcus include the presence of the yeast’s large polysaccharide capsule, as well as other cryptococcal virulence factors that mask fungal PAMPs and help Cryptococcus evade detection and subsequent activation of the immune system. This review will highlight key phagocyte cell populations and the arsenal of PRRs present on these cells, such as the Toll-like receptors (TLRs), C-type lectin receptors, NOD-like receptors (NLRs), and soluble receptors. Additionally, we will highlight critical cryptococcal PAMPs involved in the recognition of Cryptococcus. The question remains as to which PRR–ligand interaction is necessary for the recognition, phagocytosis, and subsequent killing of Cryptococcus.
1,3-Bis{[(E)-(9-ethyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)methylene]amino}propan-2-ol
Authors: Warad Ismail , Amer Nisreen , Abedalrazeq Huda , Al Ali Anas , Al-Zaqri Nabil , Elmsellem Hicham , Zarrouk Abdelkader
Published: March 2018

Condensation of 1,3-diaminopropan-2-ol with 9-ethyl-9H-carbazole-3-carbaldehyde in absolute ethanol under stirring condition resulted in the formation of 1,3-bis{[(E)-(9-ethyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)methylidene]amino}propan-2-ol within 0.5 in an excellent yield. The structure of the desired Schiff base was physically analyzed via CHN-elemental analysis, TOF-MS, UV-vis, FT-IR, and 1H & 13C-NMR. Computational studies of the structure were performed at the DFT/B3LYP/6-311++G(d) level of theory. Molecular electrostatic potential (MEP), Mulliken charge, IR-B3LYP, and structure optimization were performed.
The Microstructure Evolution of a Fe3Al Alloy during the LENS Process
Authors: Karczewski Krzysztof , Durejko Tomasz , Czujko Tomasz
Published: March 2018

A Fe3Al intermetallic alloy has been successfully prepared by the laser-engineered net shaping (LENS) process. The applied process parameters were selected to provide various cooling rates during the solidification of the laser-melted material. The macro- and microstructure and the micro- and macrotexture of Fe3Al samples were investigated. The influence of the cooling rate on grain morphology and texture is discussed. For the applied cooling rate range of 0.64 × 104 K/s–2.6 × 104 K/s, the structure is characterized by the presence of columnar grains for which the growth is directed upwards from the substrate. The intensity of the microtexture varies with the height of the sample and the cooling rate. The intensity of the texture increases with the decrease in the cooling rate. The samples that were obtained with low and medium cooling rates are characterized by the well-developed <100> and <111> macrotextures. The Fe3Al alloy that was produced with a high cooling rate did not show a specific texture, which is reflected in the fairly uniform distribution of the normalized density intensity. Only a very weak texture with a <100> type component was observed.
Chaotic Itinerancy in Random Dynamical System Related to Associative Memory Models
Authors: Bioni Liberalquino Ricardo , Monge Maurizio , Galatolo Stefano , Marangio Luigi
Published: March 2018

We consider a random dynamical system arising as a model of the behavior of a macrovariable related to a more complicated model of associative memory. This system can be seen as a small (stochastic and deterministic) perturbation of a determinstic system having two weak attractors which are destroyed after the perturbation. We show, with a computer aided proof, that the system has a kind of chaotic itineracy. Typical orbits are globally chaotic, while they spend a relatively long time visiting the attractor’s ruins.
Anodic Lodes and Scrapings as a Source of Electrolytic Manganese
Authors: Fernández-González Daniel , Sancho-Gorostiaga José , Piñuela-Noval Juan , Verdeja González Luis
Published: March 2018

Manganese is an element of interest in metallurgy, especially in ironmaking and steel making, but also in copper and aluminum industries. The depletion of manganese high grade sources and the environmental awareness have led to search for new manganese sources, such as wastes/by-products of other metallurgies. In this way, we propose the recovery of manganese from anodic lodes and scrapings of the zinc electrolysis process because of their high Mn content (>30%). The proposed process is based on a mixed leaching: a lixiviation-neutralization at low temperature (50 °C, reached due to the exothermic reactions involved in the process) and a lixiviation with sulfuric acid at high temperature (150–200 °C, in heated reactor). The obtained solution after the combined process is mainly composed by manganese sulphate. This solution is then neutralized with CaO (or manganese carbonate) as a first purification stage, removing H2SO4 and those impurities that are easily removable by controlling pH. Then, the purification of nobler elements than manganese is performed by their precipitation as sulphides. The purified solution is sent to electrolysis where electrolytic manganese is obtained (99.9% Mn). The versatility of the proposed process allows for obtaining electrolytic manganese, oxide of manganese (IV), oxide of manganese (II), or manganese sulphate.
Sponge Long Non-Coding RNAs Are Expressed in Specific Cell Types and Conserved Networks
Authors: Gaiti Federico , Hatleberg William , Tanurdžić Miloš , Degnan Bernard
Published: March 2018

Although developmental regulation by long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) appears to be a widespread feature amongst animals, the origin and level of evolutionary conservation of this mode of regulation remain unclear. We have previously demonstrated that the sponge Amphimedon queenslandica—a morphologically-simple animal—developmentally expresses an array of lncRNAs in manner akin to more complex bilaterians (insects + vertebrates). Here, we first show that Amphimedon lncRNAs are expressed in specific cell types in larvae, juveniles and adults. Thus, as in bilaterians, sponge developmental regulation involves the dynamic, cell type- and context-specific regulation of specific lncRNAs. Second, by comparing gene co-expression networks between Amphimedon queenslandica and Sycon ciliatum—a distantly-related calcisponge—we identify several putative co-expression modules that appear to be shared in sponges; these network-embedded sponge lncRNAs have no discernable sequence similarity. Together, these results suggest sponge lncRNAs are developmentally regulated and operate in conserved gene regulatory networks, as appears to be the case in more complex bilaterians.
Association between Frequency of Consumption of Fruit, Vegetables, Nuts and Pulses and BMI: Analyses of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC)
Authors: Wall Clare , Stewart Alistair , Hancox Robert , Murphy Rinki , Braithwaite Irene , Beasley Richard , Mitchell Edwin ,   The ISAAC Phase Three Study Group
Published: March 2018

Diets which emphasize intakes of plant-based foods are recommended to reduce disease risk and for promoting healthy weight. The aim of this study was to examine the association between fruit, vegetables, pulses and nut intake and body mass index (BMI) across countries in adolescents (13–14 years) and children (6–7 years). Data from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood; 77,243 children’s parents and 201,871 adolescents was used to examine the association between dietary intake (Food Frequency Questionnaire) and BMI using general linear models, adjusting for country gross national index. Adolescents who consumed fruit, vegetables, pulses and nuts three or more times a week had a lower BMI than the never or occasional group; eating nuts three or more times a week, was associated with a BMI value of 0.274 kg/m2 lower than the never group (p < 0.001). Compared to children who never or occasionally reported eating vegetables, those reporting that they ate vegetables three or more times per week had a lower BMI of −0.079 kg/m2. In this large global study, an inverse association was observed between BMI and the reported increasing intake of vegetables in 6–7 years old and fruit, vegetables, pulses and nuts in adolescents. This study supports current dietary recommendations which emphasize the consumption of vegetables, nut and pulses, although the effect sizes were small.
Selenium Accumulation, Antioxidant Enzyme Levels, and Amino Acids Composition in Chinese Mitten Crab (Eriocheir sinensis) Fed Selenium-Biofortified Corn
Authors: Yuan Linxi , Zhang Ru , Ma Xuzhou , Yang Ling , Zheng Qing , Chen Dong , Li Miao , Fan Ting , Liu Yongxian , Pan Liping , Yin Xuebin
Published: March 2018

The effects of selenium (Se)-biofortified corn on the total Se contents, the antioxidant enzyme levels, and the amino acids composition in Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) during the stage of the fifth shelling to maturity were investigated in the present study. The culture density of crabs was 600 per 667 m2, and they were continuously fed 120.4 mg Se from Se-biofortified corn per 667 m2 every two days for 90 days. The results showed that the total muscle Se levels in the crabs were significantly increased (p < 0.05). Activities of hemolymph supernatant enzymes including alkaline phosphatase (AKP), lysozyme (LZM), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were also enhanced (p < 0.05). The protein and crude fat levels at maturity were higher than those at the fourth molt. The levels of total essential amino acids (∑EAAs) and total delicious amino acids (∑DAAs) were significantly increased (p < 0.05). We demonstrate that the feeding of Se-biofortified corn could significantly improve total muscle Se concentrations and hemolymph supernatant antioxidant enzyme activities in Chinese mitten crab, and slow down the rapid decline of ∑EAAs and ∑DAAs at maturity, thus improving the nutritional quality of Chinese mitten crab.
Food Sources and Potential Determinants of Dietary Vitamin C Intake in Chinese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Jia Xiaofang , Wang Zhihong , Zhang Bing , Su Chang , Du Wenwen , Zhang Jiguo , Zhang Ji , Jiang Hongru , Huang Feifei , Ouyang Yifei , Wang Yun , Li Li , Wang Huijun
Published: March 2018

Vitamin C is essential for human health. It is important to estimate the dietary vitamin C intake in the Chinese population to examine the effects of the nutritional transition occurred in recent decades. The present study aimed to estimate the dietary vitamin C intake in Chinese adults by using cross-sectional data from the 2015 China Nutritional Transition Cohort Study and selecting those aged 18–65 years with complete records of sociodemographic characteristics and dietary measurements (n = 11,357). Wilcoxon rank-sum test, Kruskal-Wallis analysis, Chi-squared test, and multiple logistic regression were employed to analyze the daily dietary vitamin C intake on the basis of three-day 24 h dietary recalls and food sources in relation to demographic factors, to evaluate vitamin C intake status using the estimated average requirement cut-off point, and to explore underlying influencing factors. The mean (SD (standard deviation)) and median (interquartile range) levels of the dietary vitamin C intake in adults were 78.1 (54.6) and 65.4 (61.4) mg/day, respectively. Light vegetables, dark vegetables, fruits, and tubers were the top four food sources, contributing a combined 97.3% of total daily dietary vitamin C intake in the study population. The prevalence of risk of insufficient dietary vitamin C intake was 65.1%. Both the distribution of vitamin C intake and the prevalence of risk of insufficient dietary vitamin C intake differed by several demographic factors. Educational level, residence area, geographic location, vegetable consumption, and total energy intake were independent determinants of the risk of insufficient dietary vitamin C intake. In conclusion, dietary vitamin C intake is inadequate in Chinese adult population, and an increase in vitamin C intake should be recommended especially to the population at risk for vitamin C insufficiency.
Evaluating Human Intestinal Cell Lines for Studying Dietary Protein Absorption
Authors: Jochems Paulus , Garssen Johan , Van Keulen Antonius , Masereeuw Rosalinde , Jeurink Prescilla
Published: March 2018

With the global population rising, the need for sustainable and resource-efficiently produced proteins with nutritional and health promoting qualities has become urgent. Proteins are important macronutrients and are involved in most, if not all, biological processes in the human body. This review discusses these absorption mechanisms in the small intestine. To study intestinal transport and predict bioavailability, cell lines are widely applied as screening models and often concern Caco-2, HT-29, HT-29/MTX and T84 cells. Here, we provide an overview of the presence and activities of peptide- and amino acid transporters in these cell models. Further, inter-laboratory differences are discussed as well as the culture micro-environment, both of which may influence cell culture phenotype and performance. Finally, the value of new developments in the field, including culturing cells in 3-dimensional systems under shear stress (i.e., gut-on-chips), is highlighted. In particular, their suitability in screening novel food proteins and prediction of the nutritional quality needed for inclusion in the human diet of the future is addressed.
Two Chemically Stable Cd(II) Polymers as Fluorescent Sensor and Photocatalyst for Aromatic Dyes
Authors: Wang Jun , Wu Jian , Lu Lu , Ma Ai-Qing , Hu Wan-Shan , Wu Wei-Ping , Wu Yu , Sun Yan-Chun , Singh Amita , Kumar Abhinav
Published: March 2018

Two new 2D Cd(II)-based coordination polymers (CPs), viz. [Cd2(H2L)2(2,2’-bipy)2] (1) and [Cd(L)0.5(phen)·0.5H2O] (2), have been constructed using ethylene glycol ether bridging tetracarboxylate ligand 5,5′(4,4′-phenylenebis(methyleneoxy)) diisophthalic acid (H4L). Both CPs behaved as profound fluorescent sensor for Fe3+ ion and nitro-aromatics (NACs), specifically 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (TNP). The stability at elevated temperature and photocatalytic behaviors of both 1 and 2 for photo-decomposition of aromatic dyes have also been explored. An attempt has been made to explore the plausible mechanism related with the decrease in fluorescence intensity of 1 and 2 in presence of NACs using theoretical calculations. Additionally, the probable mechanism of photo catalysis by 1 and 2 to photo-degrade aromatic dyes has been explained using density of states (DOS) calculations.
Thermoconductive Thermosetting Composites Based on Boron Nitride Fillers and Thiol-Epoxy Matrices
Authors: Isarn Isaac , Ramis Xavier , Ferrando Francesc , Serra Angels
Published: March 2018

In this work, the effect of the addition of boron nitride (BN) fillers in a thiol-cycloaliphatic epoxy formulation has been investigated. Calorimetric studies put into evidence that the kinetics of the curing has been scarcely affected and that the addition of particles does not affect the final structure of the network. Rheologic studies have shown the increase in the viscoelastic properties on adding the filler and allow the percolation threshold to be calculated, which was found to be 35.5%. The use of BN agglomerates of bigger size increases notably the viscosity of the formulation. Glass transition temperatures are not affected by the filler added, but Young’s modulus and hardness have been notably enhanced. Thermal conductivity of the composites prepared shows a linear increase with the proportion of BN particle sheets added, reaching a maximum of 0.97 W/K·m. The addition of 80 μm agglomerates, allowed to increase this value until 1.75 W/K·m.
Religious Beliefs and Environmental Behaviors in China
Authors: Yang Yu , Huang Shizhi
Published: March 2018

The role of religion in the environment has yet to be empirically investigated in the country with the largest atheist population across the globe. Using data from the Chinese General Social Survey 2013, we examined the effects of religious beliefs on environmental behaviors in China. Dependent variables of private and public environmental behaviors were identified by factor analysis. The estimation revealed a contradictory result that most religious beliefs had negative effects on private environmental behaviors while having positive effects on public environmental behaviors. The findings suggest a religion–politics interactive mechanism to enhance pro-environmental behavior in China.