bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modeling and Analysis of Key Geometric Error for Gravity Deformation of Heavy-Duty CNC Machine Tool
Authors: Fu Hong Ya , Wang Han , Han Zhen Yu
Published: June 2014

Gravity has huge impact on the accuracy of heavy-duty machine tools. To investigate errors caused by gravity, it is essential to figure out the most influential factor. This paper presents a geometric error modeling for heavy-duty CNC machine tools. Regarding a machine tool as a rigid multi-body system (MBS), the geometric error model has been established by utilizing kinematics chain and homogeneous transfer matrix (HTM). By analyzing the Jacobi matrix, the influence of all the geometric error parameters has been calculated to find out the key geometric error that affect the accuracy most. It is revealed that gravity of beam and tool affect the accuracy of the machine tool most through the ANSYS simulation. It supports a theoretical basis for the further research on error compensation of the key component of a machine tool.
Combustion of Camelina Oil – Kerosene Mixtures in a Micro Gas Turbine
Authors: Petcu Andreea Cristina , Sandu Cornel , Berbente Corneliu
Published: June 2014

Nowadays a major preoccupation is the production and usage of fuels obtained from renewable and eco-friendly sources. One option is the usage of vegetable oils which have a low contain of sulphur and aromatics and are totally biodegradable. Camelina is one of the most promising sources of renewable fuels. Camelina is well-suited to be a sustainable biofuel crop, as it naturally contains high oil content. The experiments presented in this paper focus on the combustion of camelina oil and kerosene mixtures in a micro gas turbine. During each experiment, the following have been recorded: the oil-kerosene percentage, the exhaust gases temperature, and the CO, NOx and O2 percentage in the exhaust gases.
Model of Assessing the Impact of Rare Events in Aviation Security Investments Projects
Authors: Cioaca Catalin , Boşcoianu Mircea
Published: June 2014

The problem of optimal dynamic allocation of resources in security should be built in such a manner to include the impact assessment of rare events, such as natural or asymmetric extreme events. This paper presents a model for the analysis of investment situations that involves real options with multiple sources of jump risk and identification of management solutions that increase the value of the investment opportunity using Wiener processes and Poisson distribution. The results are solutions for improved decision-making in aviation systems.
Longitudinal Control System Design Using Gradient Method for a Suborbital Launcher
Authors: Chelaru Teodor Viorel , Pana Valentin , Chelaru Adrian
Published: June 2014

The aim of this paper is to present a design method for the guidance navigation and control system (GNC) of a suborbital launcher. In order to achieve a symmetric evolution in the vertical plane we start with the decoupled form of the equation of motion. Afterwards these equations are linearized and the extended stability and command matrices are constructed by adding some auxiliary equations. The linear control law is obtained and the control matrix containing the unknown coefficients is presented. The design of the control system is based on a modified gradient method. To illustrate the proposed method the synthesis of the control system in the specific case of the SLT ("Suborbital Launcher for Testing - SLT" financed thru „Programme for Research-Development-Innovation on Space Technology and Advanced Research – STAR”) is presented.
Theoretical and Numerical Approaches for Calculating the Performances of an Industrial Turboshaft
Authors: Popescu Jeni Alina , Vilag Valeriu , Cuciumita Cleopatra Florentina , Silivestru Valentin
Published: June 2014

The paper presents two approaches for the thermodynamic cycle analysis applied to gas turbines. For a 1,500 kW industrial engine, still in development, different configurations are considered, the most complex including intercooling and heat recovery components. The theoretical algorithm, a conventional compromise between simplicity and accuracy, is presented in the first part of the paper. The second part describes a numerical approach for calculating the operating cycle of a gas turbine and presenting the methods for preparing the particular required format. The conclusions are related to the future work necessary for finalizing a numerical code able to analyse different gas cycle options allowing to obtain the desired output power and efficiency.
Proper Assisted Research Method Solving of the Robots Inverse Kinematics Problem
Authors: Olaru Adrian , Olaru Serban , Mihai Niculae
Published: June 2014

Finding the better solution of the inverse kinematics problem, with the minimum of the trajectory errors, is very difficult because there are many variable parameters and many redundant solutions. The presented paper show the assisted solving of the inverse kinematics with the goal to minimize the final end-effector trajectory errors, by optimizing the distance between the and-effector final position and the target. All obtained results were been verified by applying the proper forward kinematics virtual LabVIEW instrumentation. The paper tries to answer at the inverse kinematics problem for one known mathematical trajectory and identifying the cinematic errors after the establishing and applying the proper assisted solving method using the Cycle Coordinate Descent Method coupled to the proper Neural Network Sigmoid Bipolar Hyperbolic Tangent (CCDM-SBHTNN). We were shown one complete study case to obtain one circle space trajectory using one arm type robot fixed on the ceiling. The presented method is general and can be used in all other robots types and in all other conventional and unconventional space curves.
Model of Human Hand Controlled Using Pneumatic Muscles
Authors: Mikolajczyk Tadeusz , Bednarczyk Krzysztof , Mikolajczyk Agata
Published: June 2014

The article presents the mechatronic design of the hand model. This model is powered by a pneumatic muscle system. To run a hand applied 9 muscle control movements of the fingers. The air supply muscles control system uses USB driver with digital and analog outputs. System was controlled by computer using special software made in VB6 language. Control of hands fingers is possible in manual and automation mode.
Development of Spherical Ultrasonic Motor for Space
Authors: Oohashi Taro , Toyama Shigeki
Published: June 2014

In resent years, due to advances in science technology, space satellites have made progress. So, the presence of space debris has become problem in the world because they may collide each other. In our study, we have developed Spherical Ultrasonic Motor (SUSM) for space use with 3 DOF to drive the satellite thruster and resolve it. We aim that the satellites enter the atmosphere when the satellites reached the end of life, and SUSM controls thrusters when they inject for the directional control. We have made experiments of measuring torque, durability and lifetime. It shows that the torque and lifetime meets target value. But durability does not meet target value. To resolve it, we have applied stator lining materials and shifted frequency with 0.4 kHz from resonant frequency and we have shown that it meets durability-required specifications.
The Dynamic Behavior of the Rotational Mechanism of One Transfer Manipulator with Electro-Hydraulic Acting
Authors: Cristescu Corneliu , Dumitrescu Catalin , Dumitrescu Liliana , Ilie Ioana
Published: June 2014

The paper presents the results obtained following the theoretical research of one rotation mechanism, regarding the dynamic behavior for one modern transfer system, a manipulator or robot in cylindrical co-ordinates, which belongs to a molding technological module based on the hydraulic presses. Using the mathematical modeling and the computer simulation, we can know the dynamic behavior of the rotation mechanism. Analyzing the dynamic behavior, it can identify the parameters with sensitive behavior and, finally, it can optimize the dynamic regimes according to the real requests of driving, in order to satisfy the technological processes.
Mechanical Structure Design of a Robot for Vibro-Acoustic with Scanning Testing
Authors: Comeagă Daniel Constantin , Udrea Constantin , Donţu Octavian , Necula Cristian
Published: June 2014

The paper is presenting a system derived for the automation of the acoustical and vibration measurements. The evaluation of noise emitted by an object by measuring the acoustic intensity according with the ISO 9614-3:2002 international standard requires displacement of the probe on spatial trajectories with constant speed and maintaining the spatial orientation of the probe. In a previous work a robot was design by the authors for performing this task, including a unit with 3 translations and an orientation unit with 2 rotations. The practical tests of the first system shown high difficulties in maintaining the constant speed due to the robot dimensions and inertia. Also the noise produced by the translational units during scanning was too high. The system is improved by adding 1 degree of freedom at the orientation unit, reduction of noise and new software version. The new mechanical structure is presented in this paper.
Nonlinear Dynamic Modeling and Simulation of an Insect-Like Flapping Wing
Authors: Banazadeh Afshin , Taymourtash Neda
Published: June 2014

The main objective of this paper is to present the modeling and simulation of open loop dynamics of a rigid body insect-like flapping wing. The most important aerodynamic mechanisms that explain the nature of the flapping flight, including added mass, rotational lift and delayed stall, are modeled. Wing flapping kinematics is described using appropriate reference frames and three degree of freedom for each wing with respect to the insect body. In order to simulate nonlinear differential equations of motion, 6DOF model of the insect-like flapping wing is developed, followed by an evaluation of the simulation results in hover condition.
Modelling and Simulation of Suborbital Launcher for Testing
Authors: Chelaru Teodor Viorel , Pana Valentin , Chelaru Adrian
Published: June 2014

The purpose of this paper is to present some aspects regarding the computational model and technical solutions for multistage suborbital launcher for testing (SLT) used to test spatial equipment and scientific measurements. The computational model consists in numerical simulation of SLT evolution for different start conditions. The launcher model presented will be with six degrees of freedom (6DOF) and variable mass. The results analysed will be the flight parameters and ballistic performances. The discussions area will focus around the technical possibility to realize a small multi-stage launcher, by recycling military rocket motors. From technical point of view, the paper is focused on national project “Suborbital Launcher for Testing” (SLT), which is based on hybrid propulsion and control systems, obtained through an original design. Therefore, while classical suborbital sounding rockets are unguided and they use as propulsion solid fuel motor having an uncontrolled ballistic flight, SLT project is introducing a different approach, by proposing the creation of a guided suborbital launcher, which is basically a satellite launcher at a smaller scale, containing its main subsystems. This is why the project itself can be considered an intermediary step in the development of a wider range of launching systems based on hybrid propulsion technology, which may have a major impact in the future European launchers programs. SLT project, as it is shown in the title, has two major objectives: first, a short term objective, which consists in obtaining a suborbital launching system which will be able to go into service in a predictable period of time, and a long term objective that consists in the development and testing of some unconventional sub-systems which will be integrated later in the satellite launcher as a part of the European space program. This is why the technical content of the project must be carried out beyond the range of the existing suborbital vehicle programs towards the current technological necessities in the space field, especially the European one.
Tuning a Neural Controller with Distributed Parameters
Authors: Mureşan Vlad , Abrudean Mihail , Vălean Honoriu , Ungureşan Mihaela Ligia , Coloşi Tiberiu
Published: June 2014

In this paper, a solution for the control of a distributed parameter process, using a neural distributed parameter controller is presented. The main originality elements from the paper are the introducing of the distributed parameter controller concept, respectively the including of this type of controller in a control structure. In the paper, a method for tuning a distributed parameter controller is presented, taken as example the pH control system associated to a blunting process. Also, due to the complex structure of the controller two neural networks are used for its implementation. In order to highlight the main advantages of using of this type of controllers, some representative simulation results are presented.
On the Dynamical Systems Stability Control and Applications
Authors: Migdalovici Marcel , Baran Daniela , Vlădeanu Gabriela
Published: June 2014

The stability control analyzed by us, in this show, is based on our results in the domain of dynamical systems that depend of parameters. Any dynamical system can be considered as dynamical system that depends of parameters, without numerical particularization of them. All concrete dynamical systems, meted in the specialized literature, underline the property of separation between the stable and unstable zones, in sense of Liapunov, for two free parameters. This property can be also seen for one or more free parameters. Some mathematical conditions of separation between stable and unstable zones for linear dynamical systems are identified by us. For nonlinear systems, the conditions of separation may be identified using the linear system of first approximation attached to nonlinear system. A necessary condition of separation between stable and unstable zones, identified by us, is the sufficient order of differentiability or conditions of continuity for the functions that define the dynamical system. The property of stability zones separation can be used in defining the strategy of stability assurance and optimizing of the parameters, in the manner developed in the paper. The cases of dynamical systems that assure the separations of the stable and unstable zones, in your evolution, and permit the stability control, are analyzed in the paper.
Dynamic Simulation of a Motor Vehicle in Virtual Prototyping Environment
Authors: Totu Vlad , Alexandru Cătălin
Published: June 2014

In this paper, we attempt to carry out the dynamic analysis of a motor vehicle, using the virtual prototype developed with the MBS (Multi-Body Systems) software ADAMS. The virtual prototype includes the front and the rear suspension subsystems, the steering subsystem, and the car body subsystem. The experiment designed is one frequently carried by the automotive manufacturers, namely passing over bumps. The connection between wheels (tires) and road (ground) is made using contact forces, which allow modelling how adjacent bodies interact with one another when they collide during the simulation. On the virtual prototype, several measurements have been realized having in view to evaluate the dynamic behaviour of the vehicle.
Comparison of Controllers for a UAV Type Quadrotor: Feedback Control by Bessel´s Polynomials and LQR with Kalman Filter
Authors: Rodríguez Wenceslao Eduardo , Ibarra Ramiro , Romero Gerardo , Lara David
Published: June 2014

This paper presents the development of two different control techniques as an approach having to remove steady-state error present in the response of attitude of a mini unmanned aerial vehicle of four rotor model. The Bessel approximation allows the selection of the eigenvalues in function to a specified response time for a feedback pole placement controller and state estimator. On the other hand presents an optimal control technique combined with Kalman filter to estimate the state affected by perturbations in the system, both cases using the integral effect to eliminate the steady state error.
Effective Parameters of Solar Water Heating System on Ceramic Drying
Authors: Büyükakın Mustafa Kemalettin , Öztuna Semiha
Published: June 2014

Drying is an energy intensive process. Through out all industrial processes, 15% of total energy is used for drying processes. Moreover, 60% of used energy is wasted for only drying for any industrial process including drying process because of using conventional drying systems. Since a few decades, energy decrease in the world has been forcing the industry to find new methods to reduce the energy consumption. One of these methods is the use of solar energy. Solar energy can be used very effectively for drying processes in case the system is designed and analysed properly. In this study, effective parameters of a solar water heating system on a predesigned drying kiln is investigated and the proper combinations of parameters of the system are determined according to drying temperature obtained.
Virtual Analysis of Manufacturability of Vane Pumps
Authors: Dinev Georgi , Angelov Petеr , Chalakova Emilia
Published: June 2014

It is necessary to ensure performance characteristics of vane pump using virtual analysis of scale and geometrical tolerances. As performance characteristics are chosen axial and radial clearance between the rotor and the other details ensuring normal operation of the pump. The virtual analysis may be made by creating of nominal 3D-CAD model in Solid Works medium using the modules for dimensional analysis by DimXpert and analysis of tolerances TolAnalyst. The dimensional chains related to determined characteristics are developed. The results obtained will be used for amelioration of manufacturability of this pumps. This approach allows to find the most suitable constructional decision on this stage and to shorten the time for design.
Conceptual Approach of the Environmental Impact Issued by the Manufacturing Process
Authors: Frumuşanu Gabriel , Epureanu Alexandru
Published: June 2014

A product manufacturing involves, automatically, an amount of carbon emitted in the atmosphere. This carbon amount is determined by the consumption level of the resources in the manufacturing process, namely the consumed material and energy. The researches concerning the environmental impact issued by the manufacturing process are based on several concepts like carbon footprint and specific energy consumption, in order to reveal solutions for diminishing this impact. Here, we are introducing a deeper approach of the same issue, grounded on a broader meaning of the environmental impact concept. We are also suggesting a dedicated indicator to measure this impact: the ecological earning power (EcoEP), which is defined by making a connection between the earning power and the environmental impact, judged at the same level (be it the process / operation / job / order / manufacturing system level). EcoEP represents, in fact, a trade off between the economical target of the manufacturer (to earn) and the consequence of its actions, regarded from ecological point of view.
Conflicting Design Issues Hallmark the Compound Rocket Motors
Authors: Rugescu Radu D.
Published: June 2014

A series of conflicting requirements to which the design of the compound rocket motors are subjected are considerably diminishing the efficiency of that type of rocket motors. The necessity of delivering a high thrust level at lift-off and during the sustainer phase up to optimal velocity accommodation, coupled with the requirement for a slander body configuration for air drag mitigation during the atmospheric ascent are the dominant issues that end into a compromise that lower the overall efficiency to a great extent, in comparison the available theoretical performance of compound rocket motors. The optimal design is imposing a lower mass ratio that expected and is the main cause of efficiency reduction when very high velocity requirements are searched for, like in orbital launchers. However, the margins of propulsive efficiency build-up can be conveniently manipulated through geometrical optimization and attentive risk management of the propulsion system as shown by the experimental results protruded during the development of the NERVA-ORVEAL space rocket motor.
Rapid Prototyping a Way to Better Optical and Ergonomic Adaptation of Spectacles
Authors: Trufasu Aurelian Ovidius , Rizescu Ciprian Ion , Sorohan Georgeta , Trufasu Andreea
Published: June 2014

This paper explains and demonstrates how to use rapid prototyping to make human sight better compensate by aerial devices in according to optical prescription and facial profile. The paper show a way to improve or match the aerial devices (aka frames) with individual facial characteristics and deliver a customized solution to fit on face and keep device in place for general comfort and better sight. Examples used in this material are realized by authors themselves
Prediction of Temperature in Turning Ti6Al4V
Authors: Coroni Diana Andreea , Croitoru Sorin Mihai
Published: June 2014

Due to their special and important properties, titanium and its alloys are attractive materials to be used in the industry. This paper presents 3D simulation cases used in optimization of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy turning. The output parameter is the temperature while the input parameters were the machining ones: cutting speed, feed and depth of cut. For simulations, the software based on finite element method - DEFORM 3D© - was used. Finally, the cutting temperature can be considered 2/3 of the maximum value of the temperature range of each simulated case. This statement was verified by real experiments.
Ultrasonic Activated Injection Used on Manufacturing Thin Wall Plastic Parts
Authors: Adam Andrei , Cosma Cristian , Pop Andrei
Published: June 2014

Processing by injection is the technological process by that the thermoplastics material is injected, under pressure, in the cavity of a mould, where it cools down and solidifies. This process is the most common method for obtaining plastic materials. Injection moulding of thermoplastics has emerged as the premier vehicle for delivering high quality, value added commercial products. Continued global competitiveness has increased standards for product capability and quality while requiring reduced product development time and unit cost. Despite advanced design methods and new process technologies, it is becoming apparent that the injection moulding process is neither flexible nor robust. This paper presents a set of experiments that focused on particular processing conditions of injection through narrow section, thin-wall injection and microinjection. In these cases, the ultrasonic activation does not play an important role as single influence factor but could amplify or strengthen the influence of classical setting parameters of the process: mould temperature, injection pressure and temperature
Modeling of Distributed Parameter Processes with Neural Networks
Authors: Vălean Honoriu , Abrudean Mihail , Ungureşan Mihaela Ligia , Clitan Iulia , Mureşan Vlad
Published: June 2014

In this paper an original solution for the modeling of distributed parameter processes using neural networks is presented. The proposed method represents a particular alternative to a very accurate modeling-simulation method for this kind of processes, the method based on the matrix of partial derivatives of the state vector (Mpdx), associated with Taylor series. In order to compare the performances generated by the two methods, a distributed parameter thermal process associated to a rotary hearth furnace (R.H.F) from the technological flow of producing seamless steel pipes is considered. The main similarities and differences between the two methods are highlighted in the paper. The treated solution represents a premise for the usage of the neural networks in the automatic control of the distributed parameter processes domain.
Finite Element Analysis for Static Behaviour of the CNC Turning Machine Spindle
Authors: Bardac Doru , Dogariu Constantin
Published: June 2014

This paper presents a method to investigate the characteristics of a turning high-speed spindle system. The geometric quality of high-precision parts is highly dependent on the performance of the entire machining system,especially by the main spindle behaviour. The machine tool main spindle units is focused on direct driven spindle units for high-speed and high performance cutting. This paper analyzes the static behavior for a turning machine spindle and presents some activities to improve the CAD model for such complex systems. The proposed models take into account the spindle with the detailed bearing system. The analysis was performed during the design activity and was based on Finite Elements Method. Starting from the 3D designed model, using FEM done by means of ANSYS analysis the structure stiffness was evaluated and, by consequence, the influence on the machine tool precision. The aim of this paper is to develop a finite element model of the machine spindle system and to use this method for design optimization. The 3D model was designed using the SolidWorks CAD software. The static analysis was completed by modal, harmonic response and thermal analysis, but their results will be presented in other papers.
Improving the Capability of a Process Using Statistical Techniques
Authors: Ile Cristina
Published: June 2014

The present paper presents a capability study of a gluing process. It becomes more and more important that a company provides some studies in order to gain the trust of the client. The quality improvement is done nowadays by reducing the variation of the process. It is more important to produce between some values, generic called as specification limits, than to produce parts only according to the specifications. The aim of the study is to detect if the process is reliable or not and if the machine shall produce or not. There were analyzed the normality of the process and then the process capability. Due to the fact that the process was inadequate, some measures were taken immediately in order to improve the process.
Prediction of the Structural Dynamic Behavior of High Speed Turning Machine Spindles
Authors: Dogariu Constantin , Bardac Doru
Published: June 2014

This paper presents a method to investigate the dynamic behavior of a turning high-speed spindle system. The machine tool main spindle unit is focused on direct driven spindle units for high-speed and high performance cutting. This paper analyzes the static behavior for a turning machine spindle and presents some activities to improve the CAD model for such complex systems. The proposed models take into account the spindle with the bearing detailed system. The analysis was performed during the design activity and was based on Finite Elements Method. Starting from the 3D model, using FEM done by means of ANSYS analysis, structural dynamic behavior was evaluated. The aim of this paper is to develop a finite element model of the machine spindle system and use this method for design optimization. The 3D model was designed using the Solidworks CAD software. In order to obtain accurate dynamic characteristics of the spindle-bearing system during the design stage, the finite element model is simulated using dedicated software, and a method in which springs and damping units imitate bearing support. The proposed method can predict the regular pattern in which bearing stiffness and bearing span affect natural frequency and harmonic response. The research demonstrates that this method predicts the dynamic characteristics of the spindle-bearing system therefore it can be a reference for dynamic optimization design of spindle-bearing systems in turn-milling centers. The static analysis was presented in another paper. The thermal analysis will be presented in a future paper.
A New Kalman-Type Approach for Satellites Attitude Determination
Authors: Stoica Adrian Mihail
Published: June 2014

This paper presents a Kalman type method for attitude determination of satellites. It is shown that the linearized model describing the satellite kinematics may be expressed as a stochastic system corrupted with both additive and multiplicative white noise. For this class of stochastic models a hybrid Kalman filter is used to estimate the quaternion expressing the satellite attitude and the bias of the inertial measurement unit. By contrast with the classical Kalman filters, the hybrid filter used in this paper includes a continuous-time and a discrete-time component. The advantage is that it may provide a time varying estimation of the states between the sampling moments which usually are sparse in space applications. The theoretical developments is illustrated via a numerical case study.
Assisted Research of the Biomechanics Characteristics of the Complex Acrobatic Movement
Authors: Potop Vladimir , Timnea Olivia Carmen , Ulareanu Marius Viorel
Published: June 2014

This paper is meant to highlight the biomechanical features of the technique key elements of the back layout somersault with 720° twist on floor at the level of junior girl gymnasts aged 12 to 14 years. This scientific approach led to the organization of a study conducted during the National Master Championship held from 16th to 18th of November 2012 in Nadia Comăneci Multifunctional Hall of Onești. A number of 8 gymnasts aged 12 to 14, members of the training junior team of Deva, participated in this study. The following methods have been used throughout this research: method of bibliographic study, method of pedagogical observation, method of video biomechanical analysis, using Physics Toolkit program, experimental method, statistical method (KyPlot) and method of graphical representation. The results of the kinematic features of sports technique key elements used in back layout somersault with 720° twist on floor highlight the phasic sequence of the execution, concerning the preparatory movement made from round-off back flip connection, moment of flip off of the floor, multiplication of body posture and the concluding posture - landing. The analytical video biomechanical processing of each segment pointed out the spatial - temporal indicators characteristics of sports technique key elements used in the back layout somersault with 720° twist on floor, according to the data on joints trajectories movement and the graphical representation of the whole body segments of junior gymnasts aged 12 to 14; the somersaults were performed under the conditions of National Master Championship of Artistic Gymnastics 2012. The effective use of the video biomechanical analysis method for the back layout somersault with 720° twist highlighted the kinematic and dynamic features of sports technique key elements in accordance with the performances achieved in competitions
Assisted Detertermination of the Relation between the Ruffier and Margaria Kalamen Tests and the Human Running Test
Authors: Raţă Bogdan Constantin , Raţă Gloria , Raţă Marinela , Sava Costel
Published: June 2014

The Aim of this Research is to Underline the Relation between the Performance Results in 800m Events Achieved in Competitions and the Ruffier and Margaria-Kalamen Tests Assessed before the Competitions.Research Methods and Techniques. the Paper is a Constatative Experimental Study, of the Longitudinal Type, Performed on 10 Women Athletes Practising the 800m Running Event. the Realisation of this Study Started from Checking Three Hypotheses (the Sportswomen’s Results Improve from One Competition Season to another as a Result of the Continuously Performed Training Process; the Adaptability to Effort, Assessed by the Ruffier Test, Improves as a Result of the Sportswomen’s Continuous Training; the Value of the Sports Performances is Influenced by the Level of the Results at the Ruffier and Margaria-Kalamen Tests). The Subjects Involved in this Study are between 16 to 17 Years of Age. The Research Methods Used were the Following: Bibliographic Study, Testing, Statistical-Mathematical Method, Analysis, and for the Interpretation of Results we Used: the Arithmetic Mean, the Maximum Value and the Standard Deviation. as Assessment Events, we Used the Results Obtained during the Competition Seasons of Two Consecutive Years, Namely 2011 and 2012, a Test for Assessing the Effort Capacity Represented by the Ruffier Test and a Test for Assessing the Power of the Inferior Limbs Represented by the Margaria-Kalamen Test. Results are Presented in a Table and Contain the Performance Values, the Effort Adaptability Values and Power Development Values. they Underline the Efficiency of the Training Process and the Relation between the Sports Performances and the Values of the Indices of the Ruffier and Margaria Kalaman Tests. The Drawn Conclusions Underline the Fact that the Results in the 2012 Indoor Season and the Values of the Indices of the Ruffier and Margaria-Kalaman Tests are Better than those of the 2011 Season, but also the Fact that there is an Inter-Conditioning Relation. the Progress Rate was Different from One Athlete to another.
Assisted Study of the Human Force-Power Parameters Influences to the Kinematics Motricities Characteristics
Authors: Şerban Târgoveţ Adriana , Ionescu-Bondoc Dragoş
Published: June 2014

During swimming competitions starting from the block-start platform, a potential hypothesis was noticed, through an active multimodal process, which can make the swimming start efficient, especially in the case of sprint races, by improving the propulsive force parameters of the inferior limbs. The swimming start research from interdisciplinary perspective: biomechanical, kinematic, informational and statistical can consolidate and improve the specific technique in accordance with the abilities and psycho-motor qualities of the swimmers. The present study is based on an experiment where the spatial-temporal and kinematic parameters were processed with the help of a Dartfish program. The evolution of parameters is researched as a result of a motor training program with the purpose to increase the propulsive force off the block-start. The improvement of spatial-temporal parameters influences the performance and evolution of technical parameters. Initial and final recordings were made on an MLD Station Evo5 and MLD software MuskelLeistungs Diagnose, fromSPSport, SPSportdiagnosegeräte, in order to evaluate the force, the power and the propulsive force. The argumentation of the experimental research is based on the statement: “the spatial characteristics of the motions and actions can be studied for themselves as parameters, characteristics or as a reference method for defining other characteristics, such as velocity or push-off force [1]. The main purpose of this study is to identify the influences of the specific start training upon the force improvement and kick power of the support foot from the block-start, during the classic track start. Given that the track start technique is the same as the one of the kick start executed from the international block-start of Omega, OSB11, developed in 2009, one assumes that the improvement of the classic track start leads by default to the improvement of the kick start. Lack of training to practice this type of start leads to deficient use during competitions, thus obtaining poor performances. There are no kick block-starts in Romania in order to train high performance athletes participating in international competitions and as a consequence, poor results are obtained at sprint races. One assumes that training for this type of start can be succesfully made only from a block-start similar to the kick one. The block-start model adapted by us under the same biomechanical conditions as the ones of the international kick start, is called “athletic kick”. The training specific to the kick start is carried out only with the optimum use of the kick block-start, the reasons for this being presented by N, Houel, A. Charliac, JL.Rey, Phellardin the paper: “How the swimmer could improve his track start using new Olympic plot” [2].
Estimation of Shoulder Joint Reaction Forces and Moments Using MBS Dynamic Modeling
Authors: Mereuta Elena , Ganea Daniel , Mereuta Claudiu
Published: June 2014

The paper presents a dynamic model created for estimating the magnitude of reaction forces and moments in the shoulder joint of the human upper limb. Considering that the flexion-extension motion of the forearm is simulated under three different conditions, the reaction forces and moments are determined. The first actuating case is corresponding to the case in which the driving force is acting on the long end of the biceps muscle. In the second case the driving force is acting on the short end of the biceps muscle, and in the third case the driving force is acting on both ends of the biceps muscle.
Analysis of Visual Acuity According to the Intensity of Artificial Light
Authors: Bulmaga Marina , Cristea Luciana , Ungureanu Loredana , Cazangiu Diana
Published: June 2014

Human activity takes place mostly under control from the visual organ. Approximately 80-90 % of the information is perceived through this organ. In these circumstances, an important role has the appropriate lighting, particularly in the labour process as it prevents strain and fatigue, stimulates the activity of the whole body, accelerates nerve functions, positively influences the ability to work and increases work productivity. The subject of this paper is to assess how artificial light affects our eyesight and how we react to visual stress induced by it.
A Global Study of the Performances of a New Turbofan Configuration
Authors: Catana Razvan Marius , Cican Grigore
Published: June 2014

In this paperwork we are studying a turbofan engine with mixed separate flows where the primary flow it is initiated separately from the secondary flow which by it’s configuration helps improving the thrust and a reduction of the specific consumption. The thrust growth it is made by an air feed infusion, the infusion it’s made by the mix of air feed flown by the fan’s runners and compressor’s runners using air intakes with a different geometric configuration.
Automated Random Testing of Image Processing Applications with Effectiveness Measure
Authors: Jameel Tahir , Lin Meng Xiang , Yousaf Saqib
Published: June 2014

Automating software testing process has remarkably reduced the cost of manual efforts and made testing considerably fast. Recently, image processing has been extensively used in different software applications and their significance implies a well-tested reliable system. Testing of these applications require semantically complex multidimensional image data. Whereas, the image databases are extremely large in size and testing of application on each image is not possible in constrained time. In order to meet these challenges, an automated testing tool is required which is capable of reporting bugs using a finite number of input images and can quantify its effectiveness on the basis of a coverage metric. In this paper, we present a tool IMTEST based on a novel technique to test image processing applications that aims to achieve high program coverage and capable to report bugs that manifest during testing process. It selects images randomly from an image database and gives input to the instrumented version of the code under test. The instrumented code replica is generated by our tool, inserting additional analysis code apart from original code. This allows us to measure the coverage achieved during program execution for a particular input image. A coverage vector is designed to record program coverage during iterative execution of instrumented program under test for different input images. Any unexpected program behavior is recorded as bug that manifests during testing process. A stopping criteria is used to conclude the testing in a considerable time duration. The tool is tested on real applications and the result shows that IMTEST reported real bugs which are reproducible with the specified images and is useful to improve software quality.
Cost Optimization in Manufacturing System with Unidirectional AGVs
Authors: Małopolski Waldemar
Published: June 2014

This paper presents an example of optimization of an automated manufacturing system comprising a transport subsystem based on the automated guided vehicles (AGV). Number of resources in the manufacturing system and the number and location of the AGVs were subject of optimization. Profit maximization was assumed as an objective function. Arena and OptQuest software were used to build the simulation model and perform the optimization. The article describes an original solution for optimizing the number and cost of AGVs.
Performances Study of Liquid Rocket Engine
Authors: Cican Grigore , Crunteanu Daniel Eugeniu , El Azzioui Mohamed Yassir
Published: June 2014

The article presents the performance of the liquid rocket engine. It will study the combustion reaction of the liquid hydrogen and oxygen without thermal dissociation. The main elements studied are the influence of the exces of the oxidant on firing temperature, on exhaust velocity, on the evacutation temperature from the engine and on the ishotermal coefficient. The pressure influence from the combustion chamber on the evacuation velocity, on the temperature from the evacuation from the exhaustion section and on the isentropic index.
Influence of Prior Austenite Grain Size on the Dispersion of Fatigue Crack Propagation Thresholds in Weld Metal
Authors: Sun Lin Gen , Cai Zhi Peng , Pan Ji Luan , Liu Xia , Xu Xiao Jin , Ding Yu Ming
Published: June 2014

Fatigue crack propagation threshold is an important property for the structures with long life, such as nuclear turbine welded rotor. The fatigue crack propagation thresholds of multi-layer, multi-pass SAW weld metal of nuclear turbine rotor simulate are tested. But a big dispersion is found among test values, even at the same stress ratio . The dispersion of critical points between stable propagation zone and near-threshold zone is confirmed as an important reason. After the observation of microstructures around the critical points by backward inference method in different specimens, a good correspondence between the sizes of prior austenite grains and the maximum sizes of monotonic plastic zone at the crack tip is established. The inhomogeneous microstructures in SAW weld metal are the basic cause to dispersion of fatigue crack propagation thresholds at the same stress ratio.
Electroless Copper Coating on Boron Carbide Particles by Using Copper Activation Method
Authors: Wang Wei , Li Qiu Lin , Liu Wei , Yao You Wei , Li Xue Jun
Published: June 2014

The present work is focused on electroless coating of copper nanolayer onto boron carbide (B4C) particle surfaces by using copper activation method. The B4C particles used are approximately 18.25μm in average size. B4C particle surfaces were washed by acetone and activated through copper activation method. In the electroless coating bath, copper sulfate, EDTA-2Na and seignette salt, hydrazine hydrate were used as the copper catalytic centers source, complexing agent and reducing agent respectively. The structure and morphology of the coating layers were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). XRD and SEM observations show that B4C particle surfaces were successfully coated by a homogeneous and continuous copper layer.
Strength Loss Method to Evaluate the Sulfate Attack Resistance of the Cement-Porous Silica Fume Mortar
Authors: Zhang Shou Qi , Zhang Shu Xiong , Fu Yu Fang , Wang Dong Min
Published: June 2014

The key factors for activity of asbestos tailings acid leaching residue (ATALR) and activated process were researched by the way of orthoplan, so as to make a new type of high-active mineral admixture in cement-based material, named as porous silica fume (PSF). Then with the strength loss indexes designed, the sulfate attack resistance of cement-PSF mortars was evaluated, which was dunked in solution of sodium sulfate during from 6 to 12 months. The results indicated that thermal activated temperature and holding time was the key factor for compressive strength, while holding time and grinding time for flexural strength. The optimal activated process was the thermal activated temperature at800°C needing to hold for 1 hour before grinding for 20minuteswhilethe appropriate amount of PSF was 5%~12% in cement mortar. When 5%~8% PSF contained, the sulfate attack resistance of cement mortar can be improved obviously, and the role was similar to silica fume (SF). PSF activated from ATALR is helpful for resource utilization of asbestos tailings, in order to improve ecological environment in the asbestos mine town and promote cement-based material development.
Effect of Coiling Temperature and Cold Rolling Reduction on Planar Anisotropy of Ti-Alloyed Low Carbon Steel
Authors: Zhang Gong Ting , Zheng Zhi Wang , Chang Jun
Published: June 2014

The effects of coiling temperature and cold rolling reduction on planar anisotropy of Ti-alloyed low carbon steel were investigated. The results show that as the coiling temperature increases from 509°C to 633°C, the strength and elongation have little change, and the planar anisotropy trends to decrease. When coiling at 580°C to 640°C, the value of planar anisotropy index (△r) can be reduced to no more than 0.15. As the total cold rolling reduction increasing from 55% to 85%, the plastic strain ratio values (r-values) perpendicular to rolling direction increase firstly, then decrease; the change regulation of rolling direction is reverse, and the values of 45°direction nearly have no change. And the planar anisotropy can reach 0.07 as cold rolling at 75%.
The Effects of Cross Cold Rolling Reductions on Microstructure of Ti+P-IF Steel
Authors: Du Yang , Xu Guo Lin
Published: June 2014

Cold-rolling process is an important stage in Ti+P-IF steel manufacturing process, and cold rolling reduction is a main parameter. The research of recrystallization microstructure change and texture evolution of Ti+P-IF steel in cross cold rolling reductions has important meaning in study of high strong IF steel. In this paper, hot rolled Ti+P-IF steel in austenite was studied, cold rolling reduction was used as the effect factor, The study was carried out on the basis of microstructure observation, TEM analysis and texture measurement. The sizes of the grains within the recrystallization organizations were gradually diminished as the cold rolling reduction increased. At the same time, the second phase particles had showed an aggregated distribution, and there is a rule in the components of the texture that the Goss texture and the Rotating cube texture are transformed intoγtexture evolution rule.
Preparation and Optical Properties of One-Dimensional Ag/SiOx Photonic Crystal
Authors: Zhang Gai Mei , Wang Can , Guo Yan Jun , Wei Wang , Song Xiao Xiang
Published: June 2014

The photonic crystal has the property that electromagnetic waves with interval of frequency in photonic band gap (PBG) can not be propagated, so it has important applying and researching value. The traditional one-dimensional photonic crystal is with narrow band gap width, and the reflection within the band is small, especially the band gap is sensitive to the incident angle and the polarization of light. A new photonic band gap (PBG) structure, metallodielectric photonic crystal by inserting metal film in the medium can overcomes the shortcomings mentioned above. The one-dimensional Ag/SiOx photonic crystal was prepared, and theoretical and experimental researches were developed. The results show that photonic band gap appears gradually and the band gap width increase with increasing of period of repeating thickness. With the thickness of Ag film increasing, the band gap width increases, but the starting wavelength of the photonic band gap keeps unchanged. With thickness of SiOx film increasing, the band gap width of photonic band gap also increases, but it is not obvious and starting wavelength increases.