bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study on Customer Perception about Service Quality at Marriott Hyderabad
Authors: Kumar Dr. D. Prasanna , Raju K. Venkateswara
Published: May 2016

During my stay at the Marriott Hotel in Hyderabad I observed that they are successfully implementing various strategies for various services being provided. A pricing strategy takes into account segments, ability to pay, market conditions, competitor actions, trade margins and input costs, amongst others. This study is conducted with an eye on customer perception about service attributes at Marriott and the process involved in preparing questionnaires and collecting the information and identifying the factors as well as recording the information about the hotels and to identify the commonly used pricing strategies in marketing from the point of view of the marketing manager and also of finance managers about vouching and collecting cash while taking decisions about the pricing also. In Hyderabad city the hotel industries are known to provide the quality services with reasonable prices and in altering pricing strategies according to seasons.
A Study on Stress Management in Organizations with Special Reference to Eastern UP
Authors: Ahmad Dr. Meraj
Published: May 2016

Different people experience different level of stress. People who overact to stress situations get affected physiologically and behaviorally which ultimately affects their performance. This paper attempts to understand the traits of stress on professionals. They are experiencing stress at remarkable level, which has affected them physiologically as well as psychologically. This has lead to an adverse effect on their performance. Since the outcomes of stress are severe, the strategies to cope with stress can be adopted diligently as per the suitability of the individual. This article is a blend of conceptual framework regarding the causes of job stress and regarding the consequences of job stress on professionals. This paper also gives insights on stress coping strategies along with the models of stress coping.
An Empirical Study on the Effect of Performance Appraisal: A Tool of HRD Practices in Industrial Organization with Special Reference to Delhi & NCR
Authors: Garg Shaifali , Srivastav Dr. A. K.
Published: May 2016

Today HR professionals have lots of challenges to face, in the form of changing composition and attitude of the work force, growing emphasis on quality of product and services and the quality of work life, fast paced technological changes, government policies, etc. Similarly as we all know that any change in the organization would have significant impact on its employees and the factors that determine their ultimate response to change. This paper aims to explore the factors that are essential in evaluation of performance appraisal as a tool of HRD Practices in industrial organization.
Equity in access to water supply and sanitation in Ethiopia: an analysis of EDHS data (2000–2011)
Authors: Seyoum Selamawit , Graham Jay P.
Published: May 2016

Significant efforts to improve water supply and sanitation (WS&S) in Ethiopia have been made over the past decade, yet it is unclear how progress has affected different segments of the population. This study used data from Ethiopia's Demographic and Health Survey (2000, 2005, and 2011) to assess trends in: 1) access to improved water supplies; 2) use of improved sanitation; 3) use of untreated surface water as a primary source for drinking water; 4) open defecation; and 5) water transport times greater than 30 minutes. Trends were assessed by urban/rural residence, administrative region and education. The study found increases in access to improved water supplies and reductions in open defecation; however, no progress was observed in the use of improved sanitation. Rural households that reported drinking untreated surface water went from nearly one-third in 2000 to one-fifth in 2011. No improvements were found regarding the reported time spent collecting water. Inequities in WS&S remained high across the country, highlighting the need to focus on these differences and target resources towards sub-populations that lack this fundamental necessity.
Influence of nitrite on the removal of Mn(II) using pilot-scale biofilters
Authors: Cheng Qingfeng , Nengzi Lichao , Xu Dongying , Guo Junyuan , Yu Jing
Published: May 2016

Two pilot-scale biofilters were used to systematically investigate the influence of nitrite on biological Mn(II) removal. Gibbs free energy change (ΔG) of the redox reaction between MnO2 and NO2– was 122.28 kJ mol–1 in 298 K, suggesting that MnO2 could not react with NO2–. When nitrite in the influent was increased from 0.05 to 0.5 mg L–1, manganese oxides did not react with nitrite in anaerobic conditions; nitrite was quickly oxidized and biological Mn(II) removal was slightly affected in 2 h in aerobic conditions. When nitrite was accumulated in the biofilter by increasing ammonia concentration, nitrite existed for more than 3 d and biological Mn(II) removal was affected in 3 d. When Mn(II) and ammonia in the influent were about 2 and 1.5 mg L–1, respectively, both of them were completely removed and the oxidation-reduction potential was increased with the depth of the filter from 16 to 122 mV. Biological Mn(II) removal followed the first-order reaction, and the k-value was 0.687 min–1.
A systematic review of outcomes and lessons learned from general, rural, and country-specific Water Safety Plan implementations
Authors: String Gabrielle , Lantagne Daniele
Published: May 2016

Water Safety Plans (WSPs) are a comprehensive risk assessment and management approach to water delivery that were internationally recommended in 2004. WSPs consist of five implementation steps, followed by evaluation. To date, approximately 90 countries have implemented WSPs; however widespread uptake is limited by lack of documented outcomes and impacts. We conducted a systematic review to collate outcomes, impacts, and lessons learned from WSPs developed in general, rural, and three case-study country contexts. Overall, 53 documents met inclusion criteria. In general contexts, the need for institutional support during WSP implementation was highlighted. In rural applications, the need to simplify the WSP process and provide community support was emphasized. In case-study countries, we found the WSP process was selectively adapted and integrated within existing programs. In outcome and impact evaluations, financial outcomes have the clearest evidence base, while operational outcomes are documented most frequently, particularly in relation to infrastructure improvements. However, evidence is lacking on institutional and policy outcomes and impacts of WSPs. To ensure WSPs reach their potential for improving water delivery and management, support should be provided to implementers, outcomes and impacts of urban, peri-urban, and rural WSP implementations should be evaluated, and adaptation of WSPs locally encouraged.
Limitations of the removal of cyanide from coking wastewater by ozonation and by the hydrogen peroxide-ozone process
Authors: Pueyo N. , Miguel N. , Ovelleiro J. L. , Ormad M. P.
Published: May 2016

The purpose of this study is to compare the efficiency of ozonation and the hydrogen peroxide–ozone process for the removal of cyanide from coking wastewater. The most efficient oxidation process is combined with coagulation–flocculation–decantation and lime–soda ash softening pretreatments. The oxidation in aqueous solution and industrial wastewater (at pH 9.5–12.3) by O3 was carried out using a range of concentration of consumed O3 from 10 to 290 mg/L. A molar ratio of H2O2/O3 from 0.1 to 5.2 with different concentrations of O3 constants was used for the H2O2-O3 process. The maximum cyanide removal obtained in coking wastewater was 90% using a mass ratio of O3/CN– of 9.5. Using lower concentrations of O3, cyanide is not removed and can even be generated due to the presence of other cyanide precursor organic micropollutants in the industrial matrix. The concentration of O3 is reduced to half for the same cyanide removal efficiency if the pretreatments are applied to reduce the carbonate and bicarbonate ions. The cyanide removal efficiency in coking wastewater is not improved if the O3 is combined with the H2O2. However, the preliminary cyanide removal treatment in aqueous solution showed an increase in the cyanide removal efficiency for the H2O2-O3 process.
Scientific Knowledge Mobilization: Co-evolution of Data Products and Designated Communities
Authors: Baker Karen S. , Duerr Ruth E. , Parsons Mark A.
Published: May 2016

Digital data are accumulating rapidly, yet issues relating to data production remain unexamined. Data sharing efforts in particular are nascent, disunited and incomplete. We investigate the development of data products tailored for diverse communities with differing knowledge bases. We explore not the technical aspects of how, why, or where data are made available, but rather the socio-scientific aspects influencing what data products are created and made available for use. These products differ from compact data summaries often published in journals. We report on development by a national data center of two data collections describing the changing polar environment. One collection characterizes sea ice products derived from satellite remote sensing data and development unfolds over three decades. The second collection characterizes the Greenland Ice Sheet melt where development of an initial collection of data products over a period of several months was informed by insights gained from earlier experience. In documenting the generation of these two collections, a data product development cycle supported by a data product team is identified as key to mobilizing scientific knowledge. The collections reveal a co-evolution of data products and designated communities where community interest may be triggered by events such as environmental disturbance and new modes of communication. These examples of data product development in practice illustrate knowledge mobilization in the earth sciences; the collections create a bridge between data producers and a growing number of audiences interested in making evidence-based decisions. Â
State of Data Guidance in Journal Policies: A Case Study in Oncology
Authors: Charbonneau Deborah H. , Beaudoin Joan E.
Published: May 2016

This article reports the results of a study examining the state of data guidance provided to authors by 50 oncology journals. The purpose of the study was the identification of data practices addressed in the journalsâ€™ policies. While a number of studies have examined data sharing practices among researchers, little is known about how journals address data sharing. Thus, what was discovered through this study has practical implications for journal publishers, editors, and researchers. The findings indicate that journal publishers should provide more meaningful and comprehensive data guidance to prospective authors. More specifically, journal policies requiring data sharing, should direct researchers to relevant data repositories, and offer better metadata consultation to strengthen existing journal policies. By providing adequate guidance for authors, and helping investigators to meet data sharing mandates, scholarly journal publishers can play a vital role in advancing access to research data.
Genetic and Pharmacological Inhibition of Malonyl CoA Decarboxylase Does Not Exacerbate Age-Related Insulin Resistance in Mice
Authors: Ussher John R. , Fillmore Natasha , Keung Wendy , Zhang Liyan , Mori Jun , Sidhu Vaninder K. , Fukushima Arata , Gopal Keshav , Lopaschuk David G. , Wagg Cory S. , Jaswal Jagdip S. , Dyck Jason R.B. , Lopaschuk Gary D.
Published: May 2016

Aging is associated with the development of chronic diseases such as insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. A reduction in mitochondrial fat oxidation is postulated to be a key factor contributing to the progression of these diseases. Our aim was to investigate the contribution of impaired mitochondrial fat oxidation toward age-related disease. Mice deficient for malonyl CoA decarboxylase (MCD−/−), a mouse model of reduced fat oxidation, were allowed to age while life span and a number of physiological parameters (glucose tolerance, insulin tolerance, indirect calorimetry) were assessed. Decreased fat oxidation in MCD−/− mice resulted in the accumulation of lipid intermediates in peripheral tissues, but this was not associated with a worsening of age-associated insulin resistance and, conversely, improved longevity. This improvement was associated with reduced oxidative stress and reduced acetylation of the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase 2 in muscle but not the liver of MCD−/− mice. These findings were recapitulated in aged mice treated with an MCD inhibitor (CBM-3001106), and these mice also demonstrated improvements in glucose and insulin tolerance. Therefore, our results demonstrate that in addition to decreasing fat oxidation, MCD inhibition also has novel effects on protein acetylation. These combined effects protect against age-related metabolic dysfunction, demonstrating that MCD inhibitors may have utility in the battle against chronic disease in the elderly.
Feeding and breeding management system of goat at central and southern regions of Bangladesh
Authors: Choudhury Md Panir , Khatun Anguara , Hossain Md Shamsul , Islam Farukul
Published: May 2016

Data were collected to study the feeding and breeding management system of goat from the villages of Mymensingh, Barguna and Patuakhali districts in Bangladesh through direct interviewing method using a pre-structured questionnaire. The research work was conducted from June to July 2014. Most of the goat rearing farmers in central and southern region of Bangladesh reared goats in semi-intensive system and kept their goats at goats house. Farmers took winter care and took bath of their goats during summer. Maximum farmers (82%) of central region supplied concentrate feed but 61% farmers of southern region did not supply concentrate to their goat. Farmers (82%) of central region provided particular feeder but 67.7% farmers of southern region did not provide feeder during concentrate feeding. Tube well (84%) was the main source of water of goat at central part of Bangladesh. But main sources of water in southern region were (46.3%) tube well and (51.2%) pond. All farmers of central region did not keep buck but only 19.5% farmers of southern region kept buck for breeding their female goat. Ninety two percent famers of central part of Bangladesh and 70.7% farmers of southern region used village buck for breeding their does. All buck keeping farmers at central region received service charge during breeding and they also practiced close breeding method. Most of (73.2%) the buck keeping farmers at southern region of Bangladesh received service charge of buck and they did not practice close breeding system. So, the present study might be suggested that farmers at central region were more careful of their goats in terms of feeds, feeding, water sources selection and watering but farmers at southern region were more aware about buck keeping and inbreeding depressions in their goats.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2016, 2(1): 9-12
Seroprevalence of ovine brucellosis in Bangladesh
Authors: Gani Md Osman , Munsi Md Nuruzzaman , Ershaduzzaman Md , Rahman AKM Anisur , Sultana Sajeda , Alam Md Shahin
Published: May 2016

An investigation was carried out to study the seroprevalence and risk factors for Brucella seropositivity in sheep in Bangladesh. For this, highly sheep populated ten different districts including all seven divisions of Bangladesh were selected where sheep of Panchagarh (151), Naogaon (101), Tangail (83), Noakhali (56), Sunamganj (52), Patuakhali (119) and Dhaka (75) were tested but sheep of Chapai Nawabganj, Khulna, Noakhali and Feni has under tested for Brucellosis. In the present study, seroprevalence of ovine brucellosis was tested by Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT), Serum Agglutination Test (SAT) and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). About 5% sheep might have got Brucella infection. The highest Brucella antibody was observed in sheep of Tangail district (8.4%) followed by the sheep of Savar (8.0%), where as sheep of Subarna Char and Kala Para were free from Brucella antibody. In relation to age and sex, adults (6.5%) were more positive than young (3.6%) and female (5.3%) were more susceptible than male (3.8%).Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2016, 2(1): 13-18
Identification of genera of tubificid worms in Bangladesh through morphological study
Authors: Mariom - , Liza Sharmin Nahar , Mollah Md Fazlul Awal
Published: May 2016

Tubificids are aquatic oligochaete worms (F- Naididae, O- Haplotaxida, P- Annelida) distributed all over the world. The worms are very important as they are used as live food for fish and other aquatic invertebrates. A step was taken to identify the genera of tubicifid worms that exist in Mymensingh district, Bangladesh on the basis of some external features including the shape of their anterior (prostomium) and posterior end, number of body segment and arrangement of setae. The study result indicated the existence of three genera among the tubificid worms. These were Tubifex, Limnodrilus and Aulodrilus. All these three genera possessed a cylindrical body with a bilateral symmetry formed by a series of metameres. The number of body segments ranged from 34 to 120 in Tubifex, 50 to 87 in Limnodrilus, and 35 to 100 in Aulodrilus. In Tubifex, the first segment, with the prostomium, was round or triangular bearing appendages, whereas, in Limnodrilus and Aulodrilus, the prostomium without appendages was triangular and conical, respectively. Three types of setae i.e., hair setae, pectinate setae and bifid setae of various sizes were found in Tubifex, whereas, Limnodrilus possessed pectinate setae and bifid setae of more or less similar size and shape; and Aulodrilus possessed only hair setae and bifid setae of different size.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2016, 2(1): 27-32
Poverty alleviation of destitute women and poor farmers in Barisal district of Bangladesh through beef fattening
Authors: Amin Mohammad Rohul , Rahman Mohammad Hafizur , Talukder Milton , Asgar Md Ali , Paul Ashit Kumar , Mollah Mohammad Lalmoddin
Published: May 2016

The cattle fattening programme was represents an important component of the agribusiness sector with great economic, income, poverty alleviation and social implications. The present study was performed at Barisal district in Bangladesh. Data were collected from 220 women and farmers on their household during the period June, 2013. Among them, 54 destitute women and poor farmers were identified and making groups of them for beef fattening. 54 cattle of each destitute women and poor farmers were randomly divided into nine groups (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H and I), each consisting of six (6) cattle. Endex®, Aldazole® and Tetranid® were administered orally to the cattle of group A, B and C, respectively. Cattle of group D received subcutaneously Oxynil®. Cattle of group E received orally Peraclear® and Urea Molasses Straw (UMS). Cattle of group F received orally Endex® and lugols iodine intravenously. Cattle of group G were treated orally with Endex® and Metaphos® intramuscularly. Cattle of group H were treated orally with Endex® and A-Sol® intramuscularly. Cattle of group I was kept as control without giving any treatment. Body weight was examined before trials (day 0) and on 10th day, 20th day, 30th day, 40th day, 50th day, 60th day and 70th day. Out of the 220 women and farmers 56.36% were involved in agriculture, 10.45% in own business, 3.64% in shared business, 6.36% in govt. service and 23.18% in non-govt. service. 18.18% women and farmers had the knowledge of animals characteristics used for beef fattening. The knowledge of feed, animal diseases, veterinary drugs, animal vaccine, and drugs used for beef fattening was 18.64%, 47.73%, 25.45%, 25.45%, and 19.55%, respectively. About 7.73% respondents have training on cattle fattening. The body weight was increased significantly (p<0.01 and p<0.05) after Endex®, Aldazole®, Tetranid®, Oxynil®, Peraclear®+UMS, Endex®+loguls iodine, Endex®+Metaphos® and Endex®+A-Sol® treatment in group A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H, respectively. Highest percentages of body weight gain in Endex® + Metaphos® (19.79%) treated cattle followed by Endex®+A-Sol® (10.06%), Peraclear® +UMS (9.97%) and Endex®+loguls iodine (8.68%) treated cattle. The results of the present study will be helpful for farmers and researchers for beef fattening in Bangladesh.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2016, 2(1): 48-54
Mitigation of salt stress in rice plant at germination stage by using methyl jasmonate
Authors: Mahmud Sakil , Sharmin Shayla , Chowdhury Bishan Lal Das , Hossain Mohammad Anowar , Bhuiyan Muhammad Javidul Haque
Published: May 2016

To explore the possibility of using methyl jasmonate (MeJA) for alleviation of salt stress, the present study was conducted where six rice varieties (BRRI dhan31, BRRI dhan46, Gota, Kajalsail, Pokkali and Pengek) were grown in non saline (0 dSm-1), saline (12 dSm-1), saline (12 dSm-1) + 10 ?M MeJA and saline (12 dSm-1) + 20 ?M MeJA conditions at germination stage (till the 9 days). MeJA was applied by imbibing seeds in it for 24 hours. To evaluate the effect of MeJA on saline stressed plant at germination stage, change in growth parameters namely germination percentage, shoot and root length, fresh and dry wt. of shoot, fresh and dry wt. of root and biochemical component- activity of alpha-amylase were monitored. Salinity had a minimum effect on final germination percentage (FGP) of rice varieties, but delayed in attaining it. MeJA had least positive effect. Salinity significantly reduced the shoot and root length, fresh and dry weight of all the varieties. MeJA had more decreasing effect in susceptible varieties while increasing effect in moderately tolerant and tolerant. Activity of alpha-amylase in germinated seed varied from 0.051 mg to 0.111 mg mal./mg tissue. At 12dSm-1 salinity, susceptible and moderately tolerant varieties showed significant reduction but tolerant showed significant increase. MeJA intensified the negative effect further in susceptible varieties. In tolerant and moderately tolerant varieties, increment in activity took place and 10 ?M had a better effect over 20 ?M MeJA.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2016, 2(1): 74-81
An efficient protocol for in vitro regeneration of Stevia rebaudiana
Authors: Ahmed Sheikh Rashel , Howlader Md Moniruzzaman Shohag , Sutradhar Pijush , Yasmin Sabina
Published: May 2016

An efficient high frequency plant regeneration protocol through direct organogenesis was developed for Sevia rebaudiana. Shoot tips containing axillary buds were used as an explant and inoculated on Murashige and Skoogs (MS) medium containing 3% (w/v) sucrose, 0.6% (w/v) agar supplemented with various concentrations of benzy-ladenine (BA), kinetin (Kn) and thidiazuron (TDZ).. BAP proved to be a better choice than Kn and the maximum number of shoots (3.75) was obtained on 2.0 mgL-1 BAP concentration. Considering all parameters, combination of BAP and Kn gave comparatively better performance than single BAP or Kn. TDZ was effective for multiple shooting. Though, 1.5 mgL-1 TDZ gave the best number of shoots (14.5), but 1.0 mgL-1 TDZ gave best performance in response to all parameters under study. The highest number of shoots was obtained in 60 mlL-1 coconut water, but 40 mlL-1 coconut water gave the best result to all parameters. Root induction was tested by using two auxins namely NAA and IBA at different concentrations (1.0, 1.5, 2.0 mgL-1) on the MS medium. IBA at 1.0 mgL-1 increased the rooting response (66.67%), number of roots (7.0) and root length (2.9 cm). Higher concentration of IBA and NAA (2.0 mgL-1) showed poor results of rooting response (33.33%).Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2016, 2(1): 95-106
Morphometric study of banded gourami (Colisa fasciata) in Jessore, Bangladesh
Authors: Akter Sharmin , Zaman Md Farid Uz , Jaman Md Hasan Uj , Sithi Iren Nahar , Yesmin Dilruba , Asif Abdulla Al
Published: May 2016

Population morphometry including population demography, size group distribution, length weight relationship and sex ratio of an important freshwater fish, Colisafasciata was studied which collected fromJessore and Jhenaidah districts in Bangladesh during May, 2014 to April, 2015. Random samples of 201 individuals (108males and 93 females) were collected from different fish markets in Jessore (Monirampur, Borobazar, Chowgasa) and Jhenaidah (Mohespur, Barobazar, Kotchandpur) districst. The mean size of the specimen was recorded 65.08 ±14.32 mm in length and 7.43 ±3.09 g in body weight. Females were found little smaller than males. The specimens were larger in winter than summer and monsoon season. But in monsoon season the females were larger than males. The maximum length of the specimen collected from Jhenaidah district was smaller compare to the specimen of Jessore district. Most of the population (29%) was observed under 55-64 mm size class. Linear relationship was obtained between the log length (mm) and log weight (g) of the species in respects of sexes, seasons, and districts. The allometric coefficient b of the relationship indicated negative allometric growth of the species as b value was less than 3. The overall sex ratio (male: female=1:0.86)showed significant difference from the expected value 1:1. Overall males showed non-significant over females (?2 =1.119) in all season of both districts but in November males showed the significant (P<0.01) dominance over females. However, the findings of the present study have helped us to understand more about the species is the prerequisites in fishery management strategy and culture system.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2016, 2(1): 113-120
Biochemical and phytochemical evaluation of Stevia rebaudiana
Authors: Howlader Md Moniruzzaman Sohag , Ahmed Sheikh Rashel , Kubra Khadizatul , Bhuiyan Md Khairul Hassan
Published: May 2016

The present study was aimed to evaluate biochemical and phytotochemical of dry leaves of Stevia rebaudiana. Biochemical analysis indicated that Stevia leaves are a good source of carbohydrate and reducing sugar. Different extraction methods were used to prepare four different dry extracts (Extract A, B, C, D). Total soluble sugars and reducing sugars were analyzed for these four dry extracts and commercial Stevia powder. The highest amount of total soluble sugar (477 mg sugar g-1 dry extract) was obtained from extract C and higher amount of reducing sugar (82 mg g-1 dry extract) was obtained from extract D among the extracts. But commercial Stevia powder showed higher total soluble sugar content (754 mg g-1 dry powder) and highest amount of reducing sugar (98 mg g-1 dry extract) than all the extracted dry samples. The extraction process of dry extract C was feasible for the extraction of total soluble sugar. For the phytochemical screening, crude extract was tested for the presence of different chemical groups and presence of alkaloids, phenolic compounds, steroids, tannins, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides and saponins that were identified. The highest amount of total phenolic compounds (92 mg) was recorded from methanolic extract of extraction B. The lowest amount of total phenolic compounds (36 mg) was recorded in ethanolic extract of extraction A. So, Methanol proved as best solvent to extract increased quantity of total phenolic compounds than other solvents.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2016, 2(1): 121-130
Yield attributes and oil content of different mustard (Brassica campestris l.) varieties effected by different levels of fertilizers
Authors: Barman Kamol Kumar , Mahmud Sakil , Salim Muhammad , Chowdhury Bishan Lal Das
Published: May 2016

An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from November 2013 to February 2014 to find out the appropriate fertilizer dose and best variety on the yield and oil content of mustard (Brassica spp). The experiment consisted of four fertilizer treatments viz., 0 fertilizer dose (control), 50% of recommended fertilizer dose, 100% recommended fertilizer dose and 150% of recommended fertilizer dose and three varieties viz. BINA Sarisha-5, BINA Sarisha-8 and Tori-7. The experiment was laid out in a two factor randomized complete block design with three replications. Both fertilizer dose and variety had significant effect on plant height (cm), number of branches plant-1, number of siliqua plant-1, siliqua length (cm), number of seeds siliqua-1, 1000 seed weight (g) and oil content (%). The interaction of fertilizer dose and variety had significant effect on all the plant characters except oil content of mustard (Brassica spp). The best result of the above characters was recorded in 100% recommended fertilizer dose in combination with BINA Sarisha-8. The next best result was obtained from 100% recommended fertilizer dose in combination with BINA Sarisha-5.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2016, 2(1): 143-147
Comparison between the effects of Propranolol vs Prednisolone vs Prednisolone with Propranolol in the management of infantile hemangioma
Authors: Masud Sadruddin Al , Hasina Kaniz , Huque Muhammed Moinul
Published: May 2016

Background: Infantile hemangiomas are the most common soft tissue tumors in infancy, Systemic pharmacologic intervention is necessary for endangering, ulcerating, problematic, or life-threatening IHs . These include oral corticosteroid therapy as first-line treatment and interferon - alfa or vincristine as second- or third-line therapeutic agents. Since 2008, use of propranolol has come to the forefront because of its efficacy & minimal side effects.Aims and Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of orally administered propranolol versus prednisolone versus both in the treatment of potentially disfiguring or functionally threatening infantile hemangiomas.Material and Methods: A prospective study of 24 patients aged 1 week to 12 years child with infantile hemangiomas was randomized into three equal groups. These were as follows: A, Propranolol (12 mg/kg/d); B, Prednisolone (12 mg/kg/d); and C, receiving both for a minimum duration of 3 months. Dimensions, color, consistency, ultrasonography, photographic documentation based on Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) were recorded before and periodically after starting treatment. A minimum 75% improvement was considered as success with no regrowth up to 1 month of stopping treatment.Results: Mean initial response time (days) in A (4.0 ± 3.3 SD) and C (4.5 ± 3.4SD) was significantly lower than B (8.79 ± 7.8SD) Significant change in consistency was noted very early in A (24 hours) compared to B (8days) and C (6 days). VAS results are as follows: (a) color fadingsignificant reduction in A within 48 hours compared to B and C (b) flattening more significant and earlier in A and C than B ,and (c) mean reduction in size: significant in A and C at 3 months), 6 months whereas in B, it was seen only at 6 months.Conclusions: Though its a ongoing study, only result of 24 patient had been analysed. Propranolol had a consistent, rapid therapeutic effect compared to prednisolone. A combination of the two had a comparable but not higher efficacy than propranolol alone. Prednisolone was associated with a higher number of complications, thereby decreasing patient compliance.J. Paediatr. Surg. Bangladesh 5(2): 41-44, 2014 (July)
Presentation of Thyroglossal Cyst in Children
Authors: Rumi Shaikh Nurul Fattah , Ahmad Shaikh Muniruddin , Rahman Shahnaz , Tablu Abdul Hanif
Published: May 2016

Background: Thyroglossal duct cyst a developmental anomaly present as a congenital cervical masses of neck in children.Objectives: To observe its deferent presentation and evaluate among the children.Materials and methods: This observational cross section study conducted among patients of eighteen years of age present with thyroglossal duct cyst between 2007 to 2012 in the department of ENT and Head- Neck surgery, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka. All patients were operated by Sistrunk operation under (excision of total cyst and removal median portion hyoid bone) under general anesthesia. All specimens were histo-pathologically confirmed.Results: Among 24 children with thyroglossal cyst, 15 boys and 9 girls with male female ratio 1.67:1, age ranged from 4 years to 18 years (mean 9.46 std ±4.27). Male (mean 7.53±4.01years) child are younger than female (mean 12.67±2.39 years) child. 66.67% male children were below 10 years of age and 88.89% female children were over 10 years of age. According to the presentation site 17(70.83%) cases were juxtra hyoid, 4(16.67%) were suprahyoid and 3 (12.50%) were infrahyoid. 23 (95.83%) were present as midline swelling, only 1(4.17%) was present as left lateral infrahyoid swelling. 4(16.67%) patient were attended as thyroglossal fistulae with history of intervention. 4(16.67%) patient were developed recurrence followed by surgical resection within two years.Conclusion: Thyroglossal duct cyst present as an asymptomatic midline neck mass around the hyoid region in children. Complete resection along with median portion hyoid bone prevents recurrence.J. Paediatr. Surg. Bangladesh 5(2): 45-53, 2014 (July)
Management of Myelomeningocele: Eight Years Experience in Dhaka Medical College and Hospital
Authors: Hasina Kaniz , Alamgir Md Abdullah , Enayet SM Sabbir , Hanif Abdul , Pervez MM Masud , Alam Saima
Published: May 2016

Introduction: Myelomeningocele is a single most common congenital malformation that affects the entire central nervous system and because of extensive internal CNS involvement, its management remains controversial. Proper management of affected children can lead to a meaningful and productive life, and poorly managed cases of myelomeningocele can be a devastating obstacle not only for patient but also for the patients family.Materials and methods: This was a descriptive study, started in January, 2007 and completed in December 2014 in the Department of Pediatric Surgery and Department of Neurosurgery of Dhaka Medical College & Hospital (DMCH).The medical records of 42 children with myelomeningocele operated at our center were reviewed retrospectively. The surgical & medical management protocol used for different sites of myelomeningocele was studied.Results: The age of most of the patients at the time of myelomeningocele repair was between 45 days to 60 days; however, children with ruptured myelomeningocele were consistently repaired early after controlling infection. In our study, 16 patients (38.1%) of myelomeningocele with hydrocephalus were operated for medium pressure ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt first, and then repair after 7 days to 10 days. VP shunt was done 7 days after repair of myelomeningocele in 11 patients (26.19%), who developed hydrocephalus postoperatively. All 8 patients with ruptured myelomeningocele (19.05%) were treated for ventriculitis first, then by repair. Seven patients (16.67%) with intact lesion were repaired between 4 weeks to 8 weeks of age. Complications including CSF leak, wound infection, wound dehiscence, paraplegia, autonomic incontinence, shunt infection and malfunction after repair of myelomeningocele occurred in 27 patients (64.29%). Six patients (14.29%) died during treatment protocol. All the patients were followed up postoperatively for 6 months to 1 year.Conclusion: Surgical intervention with or without VP shunt of patients with myelomeningocele produced good results.J. Paediatr. Surg. Bangladesh 5(2): 54-57, 2014 (July)
Abdominal Ultrasonogram in Typhoid Fever: A Useful Diagnostic Tool
Authors: Ahsan Kamrul , Begum Hosne Ara , Ahsan Mostafa Shamim , Momtaj Shamim , Zahid Mirza Kamrul
Published: May 2016

Objectives: To See the use of abdominal ultrasonogrphic in the diagnosis of Typhoid fever.Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study on enteric fever was carried out during the period of July 2008 to June 2009 on 30 patients between 2 months 12 years of age of either sex admitted with the clinical diagnosis of enteric fever having positive hemoculture for Salmonella typhi or paratyphi and or significant Widal test. Abdominal USG was done at Centre for Nuclear Medicine and Ultrasound, Bangladesh atomic energy commission, Sir Salimullah Medical College & Mitford Hospital.Result: On ultrasonogram, hepatomegaly observed in 93.3% cases, splenomegaly in 53.3% cases, thickened bowel wall in 46.7% cases, enlarged mesenteric lymph node in 63.3% cases and 30% cases showed gall bladder changes. Ultrasonogram was done on first week of fever in 33.3% cases, on second week in 43.3% cases and third week in 23.3% cases. Out of them ultrasonogram done on first day of admission in 6.6% cases, on second day in 80% cases and third day in 13.3% cases. In first week the bowel wall thickening found in 10% cases, lymph node enlargement in 23.3% cases and gall bladder changes in 3.3% cases, in second week the bowel wall thickening found in 23.3% cases, lymph node enlargement in 26.6% cases and gall bladder changes in 20% cases, in third week the bowel wall thickening found in 13.3% cases, lymph node enlargement in 13.3% cases and gall bladder changes in 6.6% cases. Sonologic findings of bowel wall thickening, lymph node enlargement and gall bladder changes found in 23.33% cases in 1st week, 33.33% cases in 2nd week and 13.33% cases in 3rd week.Conclusion: In endemic areas like Bangladesh ultrasound findings of hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, mesenteric lymphadenopathy, bowel wall thickening, gall bladder changes are useful diagnostic features of typhoid fever.J. Paediatr. Surg. Bangladesh 5(2): 58-63, 2014 (July)
Perioperative Nutrition in Pediatric Surgical Patients
Authors: Hasina Kaniz , Enayet SM Sabbir , Hanif Abdul
Published: May 2016

Abstract not availableJ. Paediatr. Surg. Bangladesh 5(2): 64-67, 2014 (July)
Diagnostic Role of Pediatric Appendicitis Score (PAS) in Appendicitis of Children
Authors: Mondal Susankar Kumar , Hossain AKM Zahid , Rahman Mizanur , Hasan Gazi Zahirul , Hasina Kaniz , Nuruzzaman Md
Published: May 2016

Appendicitis is one of the most common causes of acute abdominal pain in pediatrics and is the most common indication for emergency abdominal surgery in childhood. The diagnosis of pediatric appendicitis remains challenging. To evaluate the role of pediatric appendicitis score (PAS) in the diagnosis of appendicitis of children.Methods: In this study, 200 suspected appendicitis patients attended in four private hospitals in old Dhaka city over a period of about 34 months from January 2011 to May 2014 were selected as study subjects. Patient age, sex and each of the eight PAS components were collected. Children who had PAS less than six were discharged and contacted by telephone upto 1 month to verify final outcome. Rest of the children with PAS equal or more than 6 were underwent appendectomy.Results: Two hundred patients were assessed in this study. Out of them 67 (33.5%) children had appendicitis and 76 (38.0%) children had PAS equal or more than 6. In appendicitis children, maximum (85.3%) children were in age group 10- 16 years and 10 (14.7%) patients were in age group 5-9 years.Male (73.5%) were predominant than female (26.5%) in appendicitis children. Migration of pain, nausea and anorexia were in 43 (63.2%), 45 (66.2%) and 48 (70.6%) appendicitis children respectively. Fever, cough/percussion tenderness and tenderness in RLQ were in 37 (54.4%), 52 (76.5%) and 59 (86.8%) appendicitis children respectively. Leukocytosis andneutophilia were present in 42 (61.8%) and 46 (67.6%) appendicitis children respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and accuracy rate of PAS were 80.6%, 83.5%, 71.1%, 89.5% and 82.5% respectively.Conclusion: Paediatric Appendicitis Score is a good tool but not good enough for diagnosis of paediatirc appedicitis. It cannot be recommended for diagnosis of paediatric appendicitis because its negative appendicectomy rate as well as wrongly discharged rate is high.J. Paediatr. Surg. Bangladesh 6(1): 16-19, 2015 (Jan)
Gastric Bezoar - A Rare Presentation in Infant
Authors: Siddiqui MTH , Alam Mohammad Mahabubul , Shahinur AM , Hossain AKM Zahid , Hasan Gazi Zahirul
Published: May 2016

Gastric bezoar in neonate is a rare presentation. Because of rarity of phytobezoar and lactobezoar are not considered as the differential diagnosis of a lump and vomiting commonly. A 7 month female presented with left upper abdominal undifferentiated hard mobile lump and post prandial occasional vomiting. Diagnosis was non-conclusive with USG, contrast medium study of stomach and duodenum and contrast enhanced CT scan. After laparotomy and gastrostomy mass was removed and diagnosed as phytolactobezoar on macroscopic appearance.J. Paediatr. Surg. Bangladesh 6(1): 24-27, 2015 (Jan)
Counselling of Parents, attendants, guardians in dealing of Paediatic Surgical Patients
Authors: Rahman Kazi Habibur
Published: May 2016

Abstract not availableJ. Paediatr. Surg. Bangladesh 6(2): 32, 2015 (July)
Outcome of Partial Splenectomy for Hypersplenism in Children with Thalassemia
Authors: Rahman Mizanur , Mondal Susankar Kumar , Kabir Amin Lutful , Amin Md Ruhul , Rahman Matiur
Published: May 2016

Background: Total splenectomy, exposes children to the high risk of overwhelming postsplenectomy infections (OPSI). To avoid these adverse consequences, partial splenectomy has long been practiced for thalasseemia in children. It has been reported that the partial splenectomy keeps the child immunologically competent, hematologically stable with minimum blood transfusion and makes their life more comfortable in comparison to total splenectomy.Objectives: To compare the results of partial and total splenectomy.Methodology: This prospective interventional comperative study was done in the department of Pediatric Surgery, BSMMU from 2010 to 2012. Children who underwent partial splenectomy were considered as the case and who underwent total splenectomy as the control. Number of blood (RCC) transfusions (ml/ kg/year), Peripheral blood film (Hb%, WBC count, platelet count, Howell-Jolly body, serum bilirubin), volume of liver (ml), volume of spleen (ml), number of OPSI case, were compared between the case and control groups both pre and postoperatively.Results: Postsplenectomy blood transfusion requirement is comparatively more decreased in control group than case group. The inter group difference at 6 month is significant (p= 0.004). Peripheral blood pictures are improved in both groups. Post splenectomy hemoglobin level was increased in both groups but it was maintained at a more static fashion in control group than case group (P = 0.114). Howell-jolly body in the partial splenectomy group disappeared almost completely at month 6, while the same inclusion body in the total splenectomy group appeared in all the children (p= 0.001). There was no postsplenectomy infection in case group while two found in control group. After partial splenectomy the residual volume of the spleen was gradually increasing. The increase in volume of the liver was notably greater in the total splenectomy group than that in the partial splenectomy group (p< 0.05).Conclusion: Partial splenectomy in patients with ²-thalassemia is effective in controlling hemolysis, improving peripheral blood picture while preserving the residual splenic phagocytic and immune function.J. Paediatr. Surg. Bangladesh 6(2): 39-46, 2015 (July)
Abdominal Ultrasonography and Radiography Diagnosis in Preterm Necrotizing Enterocolitis
Authors: Tuya S , Battulga Ch , Tsogtsolmaa TS , Tumennasan M , Davaatseren N , Hasina Kaniz
Published: May 2016

Introduction: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. To explore whether abdominal ultrasound (AUS) provide additional information over plain radiography in cases of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC).Materials & Methods: This study is a prospective study of 30 premature neonates with NEC in our neonatal intensive care unit between September 2013 and November 2014. Fifteen premature control neonates were also included in the study.Results: Patients were classified into two groups: the first group with suspected NEC (stage I) (n = 14) and the second with definite NEC (stage II or III) (n = 16). In group I abdominal ultrasound (AUS) revealed intramural air (n = 9) and portal venous gas (PVG) (n = 1) while plain radiography showed only gaseous distension. In group II, intramural air (n = 10), PVG (n = 2), free fluid (n = 6) focal fluid (n = 1) and free air (n = 6) detected by AUS compared to pneumatosis intestinalis (PI) (n = 2) PVG (n = 1) and free air (n = 5) by plain radiography. Additionally bowel wall thinning was detected in 2 neonates of group I and 3 of group II.Conclusion: Our results suggest AUS to be superior to plain radiography in early detection of complication as intestinal perforation by eliciting PVG and fluid collection and so early surgical management. Therefore this may decrease morbidity and mortality rates.J. Paediatr. Surg. Bangladesh 6(2): 47-53, 2015 (July)
Hemophilia in Children
Authors: Islam Shahnoor , Morshed AKM Amirul , Khan Zohora Jameela
Published: May 2016

Hemophilia is the most common serious congenital coagulation factor deficiencies. The prevalence of hemophilia is estimated to be about 1:10,000 birth and that of the severe form of the disease to be about 6% per 1,00,000 population. The most pathetic part of this disease is that even medical personnel are sometimes not familiar with its diagnosis and management. There is obviously a need to establish facilities and treatment options that will help the patient with hemophilia to manage their life with ease. As this is a genetic disorder no complete cure is possible as of now. The only available treatment option is the infusion of factors and some adjuvant therapies depending upon the bleeding conditions .Hemophilia, if not properly managed, can lead to chronic disease and lifelong disabilities. The challenges and issues in infants/young children are different from those in older children and adults although episodes of bleeding still predominate as the diagnostic trigger. Currently, inhibitor development is a challenging complication of pediatric hemophilia and prophylaxis is emerging as the optimal preventive care strategy. In this section we will review some important aspects of hemophilia in children including early prophylaxis, current evidence relating to inhibitor development.J. Paediatr. Surg. Bangladesh 6(2): 54-63, 2015 (July)