bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electrical properties of low density polyethylene/ZnO nanocomposites: The effect of thermal treatments
Authors: Tjong S. C. , Liang G. D. , Bao S. P.
Published: July 2006

Low density polyethylene (LDPE)/ZnO nanocomposites were prepared by melt compounding followed by annealing or quenching treatment. Electrical properties of the thermally treated nanocomposites were investigated. The results showed that thermal treatments exerted a pronounced effect on the electrical properties of LDPE/ZnO nanocomposites. The dielectric constant of annealed LDPE/ZnO nanocomposites at various ZnO contents was higher than that of quenched nanocomposites. In sharp contrast, the resistivity of annealed LDPE/ZnO nanocomposites was considerably lower than that of quenched samples. The frequency dependence of dielectric constant was much pronounced for both the annealed and quenched LDPE/ZnO nanocomposites associated with the formation of ZnO network as the ZnO volume content reached 52 vol %. The structure–property relationship of the nanocomposites is discussed. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 1436–1444, 2006
Some laws of a lignin plasticization
Authors: Bouajila J. , Dole P. , Joly C. , Limare A.
Published: July 2006

A comparison of the plasticizing efficiency of a series of molecules introduced in dry and hydrated Kraft lignin demonstrated that the plasticization mechanisms are different before and after sorption site saturation. Lignins were plasticized in two steps and glass transition decrease was determined from DSC measurements. “Specific sorption plasticizers,” such as water, are very efficient in low content because of their functionality and accessibility to sorption sites. The plasticizing efficiency does not depend on the solubility parameter, and is well quantified, considering the molar concentration of donor/acceptor functions. After saturation of sorption sites (in wet conditions), the plasticizing efficiency depends on the solubility parameter, which should be close to that of the polymer matrix. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 1445–1451, 2006
Effects of arm number on the properties of transparent elastomers prepared from styrene–butadiene block copolymer
Authors: Ma Rui , Zhang Zhenjun , Zhang Lina
Published: July 2006

A series of the SBS transparent elastomers were prepared from star‐shaped SBS having different arm number by solution‐casting. Their structure and physical properties were characterized by scanning electron microscope, ultraviolet spectrometer, wide‐angle X‐ray diffractometer, differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis, tensile testing, and contact angle measurements. The results revealed that the miscibility, optical transparence (Tr), tensile strength (σb), elongation at break (εb), and elasticity at low temperature of the star SBS increased with an increase of arm number. The six‐arm SBS having relatively high molecular weight exhibited a simultaneous enhancement of Tr (90% at 800 nm), σb (6.0 Mpa), and εb (1260%). This indicated that the SBS materials having six arms had higher transparence and elasticity than others. Moreover, the water contact angle on surface of the star‐shaped SBS film increased with an increase of arm number that is enhancement of hydrophobicity. Therefore, the relatively high arm number and molecular weight played an important role in the improvement of the miscibility and properties of the SBS sheets as a result of the compacted architecture of the hyperbranched molecules. This work provides a convenient way to obtain materials with both high transparence and elasticity by increasing the arm number. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 729–736, 2006
Two‐step consecutive reaction model and kinetic parameters relevant to the decomposition of Chinese forest fuels
Authors: Chen Haixiang , Liu Naian , Fan Weicheng
Published: July 2006

Decomposition of some Chinese forest fuels has been studied by means of nonisothermal thermogravimetric analysis in oxidative and inert atmosphere at low heating rates. A comparison between thermogravimetric curves obtained in air and nitrogen shows that the existence of oxygen enhances the decomposition rate and changes the mechanisms of thermal degradation. After the water evaporation, two well‐defined decomposition stages have been observed in thermogravimetric curves obtained in air, which correspond to oxidative degradation of main components and oxidation of char formed. A kinetic model named “two‐step consecutive reaction model” is developed to describe the thermal degradation process of these materials in air, and there is a good agreement between the experimental and calculated thermogravimetric and derivative thermogravimetric curves. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 571–576, 2006
Effect of maleated polypropylene as coupling agent for polypropylene composites reinforced with hemp strands
Authors: Mutjé P. , Vallejos M. E. , Gironès J. , Vilaseca F. , López A. , López J. P. , Méndez J. A.
Published: July 2006

New composites based on poly(propylene) as polymer matrix and hemp strands as natural reinforcement have been developed by injection‐molding. The materials were previously mixed in a two roll mill to induce the dispersion of the fiber inside the polymer. To improve the adhesion between both components, maleated poly(propylene) was added as coupling agent, at 4% wt/wt with respect to hemp strands. The addition of this amount of this coupling agent to the formulation modified with 40 wt % of hemp strands increases the ultimate tensile strength (σt) and flexural strength (σf) up to 49 and 38%, respectively, compared with the composite without coupling agent. The interaction between the surface of hemp strands and the coupling agent was determined by FT‐IR spectroscopy assuming that a covalent bond was established, avoiding the adverse effect of the poor compatibility at the interface for this kind of composites. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 833–840, 2006
Melt grafting of poly(ethylene‐vinyl acetate) copolymer with maleic anhydride
Authors: Yin Jun , Zhang Jun , Yao Yu
Published: July 2006

Poly(ethylene‐vinyl acetate) (EVA) copolymer was melt grafted with maleic anhydride (MAH) in a twin screw extruder in the presence of peroxide. It is confirmed that MAH has been melt grafted on the backbone of EVA by FTIR using the method of hydrolysis. The NMR analysis suggests that the grafting reaction occurs on the tertiary carbon of main chain of EVA other than the methyl moiety of vinyl acetate (VA) group. The incorporation of VA groups onto the matrix shows a competitive effect on the grafting. The existence of VA groups promotes the extent of MAH graft onto EVA; nevertheless, it also weakens the crystallizability of main chain. When the content of peroxide initiator is 0.1 wt % based on the polymer matrix, the grafting degree increases with increasing the concentration of monomer. When the peroxide content is higher than 0.1 wt %, side reactions such as crosslinking or disproportionation will be introduced into this system. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 841–846, 2006
Influence of the network structure and void content on hygrothermal stability of resol resin modified with epoxy–amine
Authors: Manfredi Liliana B. , Fraga Alicia N. , Vázquez Analía
Published: July 2006

Epoxy–amine was blended with two resol resins to study the influence of the final network and void content on the water absorption of these systems. To characterize the network structure of the blends, infrared analyses were performed. It was observed that a diminution in the crosslink density of the network and the reaction between the epoxy and resol have been occurred. From dynamic–mechanical analyses, a diminution in the Tg value and an increment in the height of the tan δ peak with the epoxy–amine content added to the resol were observed. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the thermal stability of the resol was reduced by the addition of epoxy–amine as well as a lesser crosslink network for the blends with higher epoxy–amine content. The maximum water uptake and the diffusion coefficient were related with the chemical structure and void content of the specimens. On one hand, the maximum water uptake was observed to depend on the void content of the blends. On the other hand, the diffusion coefficient appears to be related with the local motions of the polymeric chains and with the hydrophilic character of the materials. This behavior was observed for the two resols studied. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 588–597, 2006
Synthesis of thermoplastic polyurethane and its physical and shape memory properties
Authors: Wang Huei‐Hsiung , Yuen Uen‐En
Published: July 2006

In this article, thermoplastic polyurethane (PU) with a shape memory property was synthesized. First, the PU prepolymer was prepared by reacting poly(tetramethylene glycol) with 4,4′‐diphenylmethane diisocyanate, then extended with various extenders such as linear aliphatic 1,4‐butanediol, benzoyl‐type 4,4‐bis(4‐hydroxyhexoxy)‐isopropylane and naphthalate‐type bis(2‐phenoxyethanol)‐sulfone or naphthoxy diethanol. The experimental results showed that the tensile strength, elongation at break, and initial modulus at 300% of these copolymer films were in the range of 31–64 Mpa, 42%–614%, and 8.26–11.5 MPa, respectively. Thermal analysis showed that the glass‐transition temperature of these copolymers was in the range of −73°C to −50°C for the soft segment (Tgs) and 70°C–106°C for the hard segment (Tgh) and that the melting point was in the range of 14.6°C–24.2°C for the soft segment and 198°C–206°C for the hard segment. The extender with a benzoyl or naphthalate group was better able to promote its shape memory property than was the regular polyurethane. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 607–615, 2006
Viscoelastic analysis applied to the determination of long‐term creep behavior for magnetic tape materials
Authors: Weick Brian L.
Published: July 2006

Creep‐compliance experiments were performed for three representative magnetic tapes. Two of these tapes used a magnetic particle (MP) coating, and one used a metal‐evaporated (ME) coating. The MP tapes used the following polyester substrates: semitensilized poly(ethylene naphthalate) (PEN) and supertensilized poly(ethylene terephthalate). The ME tape used an aromatic poly(amide) or aramid substrate. Time–temperature superposition was used to make creep‐compliance predictions at 30 and 50°C reference temperatures. Comparisons were made with dimensional stability requirements based on position error signal (PES) specifications for magnetic tape drives along with in‐cartridge creep specifications based on PES measurements. Circumferential and lateral creep strains were determined that account for storage of the tapes in a reel, and creep strains were predicted for future tapes with thinner, lower compliance coatings. A rule of mixtures method was also used to extract compliance information for individual layers of MP‐PEN tapes, and stress profiles through the thickness of the tapes were determined. Additional measurements and analyses were performed to determine the creep recovery and shrinkage characteristics for the magnetic tapes. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 1106–1128, 2006
Preparation and characterization of P(AN/VAC)/clay based nanocomposites
Authors: Gu Xiaohua , Xi Peng , Jia Yongtang , Liu Ting , Shen Xinyuan
Published: July 2006

In this article, P(AN/VAC)/clay nanocomposites were prepared by an in situ polymerization and characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, and differential scanning calorimetry. The results show that the P(AN/VAC)/clay exhibit a multilayered structure. The montmorillonite layers are totally exfoliated and distributed uniformly in the P(AN/VAC) matrix. The dimension stability and heat resistance property of P(AN/VAC)/clay are superior to those of P(AN/VAC) alone.
© 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 703–706, 2006
Polyimide foams with ultralow dielectric constants
Authors: Chu Hui‐Juan , Zhu Bao‐Ku , Xu You‐Yi
Published: July 2006

To explore ultralow dielectric constant polyimide, the crosslinked polyimide foams (PIFs) were prepared from 3,3′,4,4′‐benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride (BTDA), 4,4′‐oxydianiline (ODA), and 2,4,6‐triaminopyrimidine (TAP) via a poly(ester–amine salt) (PEAS) process. FTIR measurements indicated that TAP did not yield a negative effect on imidization of PEAS precursors. SEM measurement revealed the homogeneous cell structure. Through using TAP as a crosslinking monomer, the mechanical properties of PIFs could be improved in comparison with uncrosslinked BTDA/ODA based PIF. The crosslinked PIFs still exhibited excellent thermal stability with 5% weight loss temperatures higher than 520°C. In the field with frequency higher than 100 Hz, the dielectric constants of the obtained PIFs ranged from 1.77 to 2.4, and the dielectric losses were smaller than 3 × 10−2 at 25–150°C. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 1734–1740, 2006
Cure reaction and phase separation behavior of cyanate ester‐cured epoxy/polyphenylene oxide blends
Authors: Wu Shao‐Jung
Published: July 2006

The cure reaction and phase separation mechanism of a cyanate ester‐cured epoxy and its blends with polyphenylene oxide (PPO) were studied. An autocatalytic mechanism was observed for the epoxy and its blends. The reaction rate of the blends was higher than that of the neat epoxy at initial stage; however, the reached conversion decreased with PPO content. FTIR analysis revealed that the cyanate functional group reactions were accelerated by adding PPO and indicated that several coreactions have occurred. This was caused by the reaction of cyanate ester with the PPO reactive chain ends. But at a later stage of cure, the reaction could not progress further due to diffusional limitation of PPO. To understand the relationship between the cure kinetics and phase separation of the blends, the morphology of the blends during cure was examined. When the homogeneous epoxy/PPO blends with low PPO content (10 phr) were cured isothermally, the blends were separated by nucleation and growth (NG) mechanism to form the PPO particle structure. But at high PPO content (30 phr), the phase separation took place via spinodal decomposition (SD). SD is favored near critical concentration and high cure rate system. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102:1139–1145, 2006
Acrylonitrile/ammonium itaconate aqueous deposited copolymerization
Authors: Cui Chuansheng , Wang Chengguo , Zhao Yaqi
Published: July 2006

Acrylonitrile/ammonium itaconate [AN/(NH4)2IA] aqueous deposited polymerizations were studied in this work. It shows that the polymerizations were influenced by various factors, especially the water solubility of AN. In the polymerization process, the system was as separated monomer and water phases, and AN transferred from monomer phase to water phase until the monomer phase disappeared. Because of the solubility of AN in water, the reactivity ratios of monomer calculated by Kelen‐Tudos method were different in various monomer contents. Although (NH4)2S2O8 was a water‐soluble initiator, there was a short amount of polymer formed in monomer phase. To inhibit the polymerization in monomer phase, two additives were used in the polymerization and experiment data indicated that the two inhibitors exert inhibitory role effectively in monomer phase. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 904–908, 2006
Synthesis of fluorinated diblock copolymer by ATRP and its application of PAVAc polymerization in ScCO2
Authors: Yang Yajun , Wang Zi , Gao Yan , Liu Tao , Hu Chunpu , Dong Qingzhi
Published: July 2006

A series of fluorinated diblock copolymers consisting of poly(styrene‐r‐acrylonitrile) (PSAN) and poly (1,1,2,2‐tetrahydroperfluorooctyl methacrylate) (PFOMA) were prepared by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). The copolymers with well‐controlled molecular weight and narrow molecular weight distribution (PDI < 1.2) were characterized by 1H NMR, GPC, and FTIR. With the amphiphilic diblock copolymers as stabilizers, acrylonitrile‐vinyl acetate random copolymers were synthesized by dispersion polymerization in supercritical carbon dioxide (ScCO2). Compared with precipitation polymerization, the products prepared via dispersion polymerization possess of higher yield and higher molecular weight. In addition, via dispersion polymerization, the particle morphology of the product is spherical. And the dispersity index of the particle size distribution is very narrow. At the same reaction condition, the particle morphology of the product prepared by precipitation polymerization is irregular. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 1146–1151, 2006
Plasma‐induced solid‐state polymerization modified poly(tetrafluoroethylene) membrane for pervaporation separation of aqueous alcohol mixtures
Authors: Li Chi‐Lan , Tu Chen‐Yuan , Inagaki N. , Lee Kueir‐Rarn , Lai Juin‐Yih
Published: July 2006

Acrylamide (AAm) solid state polymerization was induced using argon plasma to improve the pervaporation performance of poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) membranes (PTFE‐g‐PAAm) in aqueous alcohol mixtures. The surface morphology, chemical composition, and hydrophilicity changes in the PTFE and PTFE‐g‐PAAm membranes were investigated using ATR‐FTIR, SEM, AFM, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and water contact angle measurements. The surface hydrophilicity rapidly increased with increasing Ar exposure time, but decreased after longer Ar exposure time because of the degradation in the PTFE‐g‐PAAm membrane grafted layer. Compared with the hydrophilicity of the pristine PTFE membrane (water contact angle = 120°), the argon plasma induced acrylamide (AAm) solid‐state polymerization onto the PTFE surface (water contact angle = 43.3°) and effectively improved the hydrophilicity of the PTFE membrane. This value increases slowly with increasing aging time and then reaches a plateau value of about 50° after 10 days of storage under air. The pervaporation separation performances of the PTFE‐g‐PAAm membranes were higher than that of the pristine PTFE membrane. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102:909–919, 2006
Preparation and properties of a poly(2‐cyano‐1,4‐phenylene terephthalamide)/layered silicate nanocomposite
Authors: Park Soo‐Young , Lee Seung‐Woo , Oh Tae‐Jin
Published: July 2006

The in situ polymerization method was used to prepare a poly(2‐cyano‐1,4‐phenylene terephthalamide)/layered silicate nanocomposite with organically‐modified clay (Cloisite® 30B, southern clay), which was spun into well‐oriented fibers and cast into film in the lyotropic and isotropic state, respectively. The degradation temperature of the nanocomposite (∼550°C) was similar to that of poly (2‐cyano‐1,4‐phenylene terephthalamide) and its strength (and modulus) linearly increased with the amount of the layered silicate in the nanocomposite. The intercalated structure was observed using transmission electron microscopy and X‐ray diffraction with an increase in d‐spacing of the layered silicate from 18.7 Å (the organically modified layered silicate; cliosite 30B) to 21.1 Å (nanocomposite). The layered silicate in the nanocomposite was well oriented during fiber spinning and film casting. The normal of the surface of the layered silicate was perpendicular to the fiber axis and the surface of the cast film. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 640–645, 2006
The transient nature of maximum maleic anhydride grafting of polypropylene: A mechanistic approach based on a consecutive reaction model Part 1: Batch solution process
Authors: García‐Martínez J. Ma. , Areso S. , Collar E. P.
Published: July 2006

This article reports the chemical modification of an atactic polypropylene performed in solution. To model the process, a Box‐Wilson experimental design was used, taking in to consideration the concentrations of maleic anhydride and dycumile peroxide, as well as reaction time, as independent variables. The dynamic character of the process is proposed on the basis of model forecasts supported by experimental results. The proposed kinetic pathway agrees with the fact that short reaction times are not only sufficient but necessary for the greatest graft yields to be attained, while preventing degradative processes in the system. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 1182–1190, 2006.
Acoustic attenuation characteristics of surface‐modified polymeric porous microspheres
Authors: Ng Yeap‐Hung , Hong Liang
Published: July 2006

Porous microspheres (30–50 μm) of poly(styrene‐co‐divinylbenzene) (SD), poly(styrene‐co‐2‐hydroxyethyl acrylate‐co‐divinylbenzene) (SDH), and poly(methyl acrylate‐co‐divinylbenzene) (MD) have been synthesized as the basic unit of acoustic shielding medium. To improve their acoustic insulating property, the structural modifications involving deposition of Ni particles (d < 100 nm) by in situ reduction or electroless plating and incorporation of soft poly(ethyl acrylate) chains into SD microspheres to form a semi‐IPN have been attempted. The effect of these modifications was assessed using acoustic sources of pink/white noises and an audio band (4000–5000 Hz). Different internal porous structures of the pristine microspheres cause indistinct divergences of acoustic insulating capabilities in the pink and white noise fields. The surface metallization enhances the reflection and scattering actions but dismantle the viscoelastic absorption feature of polymer bulk. Therefore, metallization on relatively soft MD microsphere could create a better effect than on SD and SDH beads. Embedding soft poly(ethyl acrylate) into individual SD bead demonstrates a clear improvement in the sound proof performance. Additionally, the disk constituted by semi‐IPN beads displays a downshift of the panel resonance frequencies relative to the disk made of the corresponding SD beads. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 1202–1212, 2006
Biodegradable studies of poly(trimethylenecarbonate‐ε‐caprolactone)‐block‐poly(p‐dioxanone), poly(dioxanone), and poly(glycolide‐ε‐caprolactone) (Monocryl®) monofilaments
Authors: Hong Jong‐Taek , Cho Nam‐Sook , Yoon Hye‐Sung , Kim Tae‐Hun , Koh Myoung‐Seok , Kim Whan‐Gi
Published: July 2006

The aim of the study was to investigate the mechanical properties and biodegradability of poly(trimethylenecarbonate‐ε‐caprolactone)‐block‐poly(p‐dioxanone) [P(TMC‐ε‐CL)‐block‐PDO] in comparison with poly(p‐dioxanone) and poly(glycolide‐ε‐caprolactone) (Monocryl®) monofilaments in vivo and in vitro. P(TMC‐ε‐CL)‐block‐PDO copolymer and poly(p‐dioxanone) were prepared by using ring‐opening polymerization reaction. The monofilament fibers were obtained using conventional melt spun methods. The physicochemical and mechanical properties, such as viscosity, molecular weight, crystallinity, and knot security, were studied. Tensile strength, breaking strength retention, and surface morphology of P(TMC‐ε‐CL)‐block‐PDO, poly(p‐dioxanone), and Monocryl monofilament fibers were studied by immersion in phosphate‐buffered distilled water (pH 7.2) at 37°C and in vivo. The implantation studies of absorbable suture strands were performed in gluteal muscle of rats. The polymers, P(TMC‐ε‐CL)‐block‐PDO, poly(p‐dioxanone), and Monocryl, were semicrystalline and showed 27, 32, and 34% crystallinity, respectively. Those mechanical properties of P(TMC‐ε‐CL)‐block‐PDO were comparatively lower than other polymers. The biodegradability of poly(dioxanone) homopolymer is much slower compared with that of two copolymers. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 737–743, 2006
Release of salicylic acid through poly(vinyl alcohol)/poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) and poly(vinyl alcohol‐g‐N‐vinyl‐2‐pyrrolidone) membranes
Authors: Şanlı Oya , Orhan Emel , Asman Gülsen
Published: July 2006

A controlled release profile of salicylic acid (SA) for transdermal administration has been developed. Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) blended preparations were used to prepare the membranes by solvent‐casting technique. The release of the drug from the membranes was evaluated at in vitro conditions. The effects of PVA/PVP (v/v) ratio, pH, SA concentration and temperature were investigated. 60/40 (v/v) PVA/PVP ratio was found to be the best ratio for the SA release. Increase in pH and temperature was observed to increase the transport of SA. Instead of blending PVA with PVP, N‐Vinyl‐2‐pyrrolidone (VP) was grafted onto the PVA and the delivery performance for SA was compared with that of the blended PVA/PVP membranes. Grafted membranes gave higher transport percentages than the blended membranes. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102:1244–1253, 2006
Aggregation of hydrophobically modified chitosan in solution and at the air–water interface
Authors: Li Yan‐Yan , Chen Xi‐Guang , Yu Liang‐Min , Wang Shi‐Xi , Sun Gang‐Zheng , Zhou Hui‐Yun
Published: July 2006

Oleoyl‐chitosans (O‐chitosans), with three degrees of substitution (DS), were synthesized by reacting chitosan with oleoyl chloride. The chemical structures of these polymers were characterized by 1H NMR and FTIR. The results suggested the formation of an amide linkage between amino groups of chitosan and carboxyl groups of oleic acid. These O‐chitosans exhibited poor solubility in aqueous acidic solution. The solubility of O‐chitosans decreased as the DS values increased. The transmittance of O‐chitosans (2 g/L) with DS 5%, 11%, 27% in 1% (v/v) HCl solution were 69.5%, 62.7%, 48.6%, respectively. These O‐chitosans were not soluble at neutral or alkali pH. Formation of self‐aggregation was observed using pyrene as a fluorescent probe in the O‐chitosans aqueous solution. The increase of DS of O‐chitosans resulted in significant decrease of critical aggregation concentration (CAC). The CAC of the O‐chitosans with DS 5%, 11%, 27% were 79.43, 31.6, 10 mg/L, respectively. The surface tension of solution could be reduced slightly by all of the O‐chitosans. The surface tension of O‐chitosans solution decreased with the increase of DS values. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102:1968–1973, 2006
Discrimination of Metallosupramolecular Architectures in Solution by Using Diffusion Ordered Spectroscopy (DOSY) Experiments: Double‐Stranded Helicates of Different Lengths
Authors: Allouche Lionel , Marquis Annie , Lehn Jean‐Marie
Published: July 2006

The translational diffusion coefficients of various helicates have been determined by using NMR diffusion spectroscopy (Diffusion Ordered SpectroscopY, DOSY), in order to investigate the individual behaviour of the helicates according to their length (different nuclearities; 1–5 metals), to the nature of the metal involved (CuI or AgI), as well to their bulkiness due to the presence of substituents on the periphery of the assembly. Furthermore, the spectrum of a mixture of helicates belonging to the same series, but with different lengths and nuclearities, showed the signals of each component, with no observable cross‐linking, confirming the self‐recognition properties of the helicates.
Reactivity of Titanium Dimer and Molecular Nitrogen in Rare Gas Matrices. Vibrational and Electronic Spectra and Structure of Ti2N2.
Authors: Himmel Hans‐Joerg , Huebner Olaf , Bischoff Florian A. , Klopper Wim , Manceron Laurent
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Electron Doping Effect on Structural and Magnetic Phase Transitions in Sr2‐xNdxFeMoO6 Double Perovskites.
Authors: Azad A. K. , Eriksson S.‐G. , Khan Abdullah , Eriksson A. , Tseggai M.
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
New Representatives of the Linear Structure Series Containing Empty Ga/Ge Cubes in the Sm—Ga—Ge System.
Authors: Tokaychuk Yaroslav O. , Filinchuk Yaroslav E. , Fedorchuk Anatoliy O. , Kozlov Artem Yu. , Mokra Ivanna R.
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis, Structure, and Characterization of a New One‐Dimensional Tellurite Phosphate, Ba2TeO(PO4)2.
Authors: Ok Kang Min , Halasyamani P. Shiv
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Raman Spectroscopic Study of the Phase Transition of BaZr(PO4)2: Evidence for a Trigonal Structure of the High‐Temperature Polymorph.
Authors: Geisler Thorsten , Popa Karin , Konings Rudy J. M. , Popa Aurelian F.
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Solid‐State NMR Study of the Transformation of Octacalcium Phosphate to Hydroxyapatite: A Mechanistic Model for Central Dark Line Formation.
Authors: Tseng Yao‐Hung , Mou Chung‐Yuan , Chan Jerry C. C.
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
57Fe Moessbauer Spectroscopy on Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes with Metal Filling.
Authors: Lottermoser Werner , Schaper Andreas K. , Treutmann Werner , Redhammer Guenther , Tippelt Gerold , Lichtenberger Andreas , Weber Sven‐Ulf , Amthauer Georg
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Thermal Decomposition of Iron(VI) Oxides, K2FeO4 and BaFeO4, in an Inert Atmosphere.
Authors: Madarasz Janos , Zboril Radek , Homonnay Zoltan , Sharma Virender K. , Pokol Gyoergy
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
The Isothermal Section at 500 °C of the Gd—Tb—Ga Ternary System.
Authors: Li J. Q. , Jian Y. X. , Ao W. Q. , Zhuang Y. H. , He W.
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Physiochemical Pathway for Cyclic Dehydrogenation and Rehydrogenation of LiAlH4.
Authors: Wang Jun , Ebner Armin D. , Ritter James A.
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Hydrothermal Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a New Inorganic/Organic Hybrid of Scandium Sulfate: (H2en)Sc2(SO4)4× (H2O)0.72.
Authors: Lu Jianjiang , Schlueter John A. , Geiser Urs
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Syntheses, Structures, and Magnetic Properties of the Europium(II) Selenido Pnictogenates(III), EuPnSe3 (Pn: Sb, Bi).
Authors: Jin Geng , Crerar Shane J. , Mar Arthur , Albrecht‐Schmitt Thomas E.
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Crystal Structures of Two Novel High‐Nuclear Nickel‐Substituted Dimeric Polyoxometalates.
Authors: Zhang Zhiming , Li Yangguang , Wang Enbo , Wang Xinlong , Qin Chao , An Haiyan
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
PdAs2O6, the First Paramagnetic Palladium Oxide.
Authors: Orosel Denis , Jansen Martin
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Catalytic Asymmetric Desymmetrization of meso‐Diamide Derivatives Through Enantioselective N‐Allylation with a Chiral π‐Allyl Pd Catalyst: Improvement and Reversal of the Enantioselectivity.
Authors: Kitagawa Osamu , Matsuo Shinichi , Yotsumoto Kanako , Taguchi Takeo
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Copper‐Catalyzed Ring‐Opening of Heterobicyclic Alkenes with Grignard Reagents: Remarkably High anti‐Stereocontrol.
Authors: Gomez Arrayas Ramon , Cabrera Silvia , Carretero Juan Carlos
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Catalytic Enantioselective and Catalyst‐Controlled Diastereofacial‐Selective Additions of Allyl‐ and Crotylboronates to Aldehydes Using Chiral Broensted Acids.
Authors: Rauniyar Vivek , Hall Dennis G.
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Radical Cascade Cyclizations and Platinum(II)‐Catalyzed Cycloisomerizations of Ynamides.
Authors: Marion Frederic , Coulomb Julien , Servais Aurore , Courillon Christine , Fensterbank Louis , Malacria Max
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Reduction of Carbonyl Compounds with Sodium Borohydride in the Presence of Clays in Aprotic Solvents.
Authors: Kumar Anil , Chauhan S. M. S.
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Convenient Synthesis of 2,2‐Dibromo‐1‐arylethanones by Bromination of 1‐Arylethanones with the H2O2—HBr System.
Authors: Terent'ev Alexander O. , Khodykin Sergey V. , Krylov Igor B. , Ogibin Yuri N. , Nikishin Gennady I.
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Optimization and Scale‐Up of Microwave Assisted Cyanation.
Authors: Pitts Michael R. , McCormack Peter , Whittall John
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
One‐Pot Pd‐Catalyzed Hydrostannation/Stille Reaction with Acid Chlorides as the Electrophiles.
Authors: Lee Kyoungsoo , Gallagher William P. , Toskey Elli A. , Chong Wenzheng , Maleczka Robert E. Jr.
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
New and Efficient Synthesis of Solid‐Supported Organotin Reagents and Their Use in Organic Synthesis.
Authors: Hernan Alejandro G. , Horton Peter N. , Hursthouse Michael B. , Kilburn Jeremy D.
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Allenylidene‐to‐Indenylidene Rearrangement in Arene—Ruthenium Complexes: A Key Step to Highly Active Catalysts for Olefin Metathesis Reactions.
Authors: Castarlenas Ricardo , Vovard Chloe , Fischmeister Cedric , Dixneuf Pierre H.
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Activation of a Cyclobutanone Carbon—Carbon Bond over an Aldehyde Carbon—Hydrogen Bond in the Rhodium‐Catalyzed Decarbonylation.
Authors: Matsuda Takanori , Shigeno Masanori , Murakami Masahiro
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
One‐Pot Synthesis of Trisubstituted Conjugated Dienes via Sequential Suzuki—Miyaura Cross‐Coupling with Alkenyl‐ and Alkyltrifluoroborates.
Authors: Molander Gary A. , Yokoyama Yasuo
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Stereochemical Inversion in the Vinylic Substitution of Boronic Esters to Give Iodonium Salts: Participation of the Internal Oxy Group.
Authors: Fujita Morifumi , Lee Hee Jin , Okuyama Tadashi
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Design of Highly Enantioselective Organocatalysts Based on Molecular Recognition.
Authors: Tang Zhuo , Cun Lin‐Feng , Cui Xin , Mi Ai‐Qiao , Jiang Yao‐Zhong , Gong Liu‐Zhu
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Supramolecular Catalysis of Strecker Reaction in Water under Neutral Conditions in the Presence of β‐Cyclodextrin.
Authors: Surendra K. , Krishnaveni N. Srilakshmi , Mahesh A. , Rao K. Rama
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Asymmetric Claisen Rearrangements Enabled by Catalytic Asymmetric Di(allyl) Ether Synthesis.
Authors: Nelson Scott G. , Wang Kan
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
An Efficient Method for the Preparation of Chiral Mosher′s Acid Analogues.
Authors: Kawano Yoshikazu , Kaneko Nobuya , Mukaiyama Teruaki
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Contra‐Friedel—Crafts tert‐Butylation of Substituted Aromatic Rings via Directed Metalation and Sulfinylation.
Authors: Clayden Jonathan , Stimson Christopher C. , Keenan Martine
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Optically Active Cyclohexene Derivative as a New Antisepsis Agent: An Efficient Synthesis of Ethyl (6R)‐6‐[N‐(2‐Chloro‐4‐fluorophenyl)‐sulfamoyl] cyclohex‐1‐ene‐1‐carboxylate (TAK‐242).
Authors: Yamada Masami , Ichikawa Takashi , Yamano Toru , Kikumoto Fumio , Nishikimi Yuji , Tamura Norikazu , Kitazaki Tomoyuki
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Highly Regioselective Ring‐Opening of Epoxides with Thiophenols in Ionic Liquids Without the Use of any Catalyst.
Authors: Chen Jiuxi , Wu Huayue , Jin Can , Zhang Xingxian , Xie Yuanyuan , Su Weike
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Cross‐Coupling Reactions of Aryl and Vinyl Chlorides Catalyzed by a Palladium Complex Derived from an Air‐Stable H‐Phosphonate.
Authors: Ackermann Lutz , Gschrei Christian J. , Althammer Andreas , Riederer Melanie
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Suzuki Cross‐Coupling Reaction of Fluorobenzene with Heterogeneous Palladium Catalysts.
Authors: Ruiz Jose Rafael , Jimenez‐Sanchidrian Cesar , Mora Manuel
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Catalyst‐Free Synthesis of Asymmetric Diaryl Ketones from Aryltins.
Authors: Silbestri Gustavo F. , Bogel Romina , Lockhart Maria T. , Chopa Alicia B.
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis of Calix[4]resorcinarene Hydroxamic Acids.
Authors: Agrawal Y. K. , Patadia R. N.
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Early Transition Metal Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reaction of Aryl Fluorides with a Phenethyl Grignard Reagent Accompanied by Rearrangement of the Phenethyl Group.
Authors: Guo Haiqing , Kong Fanzhi , Kanno Ken‐ichiro , He Jianjun , Nakajima Kiyohiko , Takahashi Tamotsu
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of 2,3‐trans Disubstituted Tetrahydrofurans Through Sequential Xanthate Radical Addition—Substitution Reactions.
Authors: Jean‐Baptiste Laetitia , Yemets Sergiy , Legay Remi , Lequeux Thierry
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Stereoselective Synthesis of Bicyclic Lactones by Annelation with Functionalized Orthoesters.
Authors: Maulide Nuno , Marko Istvan E.
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Haval—Argade Contrathermodynamic Rearrangement of Alkylidenesuccinimides to Alkylmaleimides via the Corresponding Isoimides: A General Approach to Alkyl and Dialkyl Substituted Maleimides.
Authors: Haval Kishan P. , Argade Narshinha P.
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and X‐Ray Crystal Structure Determinations of Pyrrolidine‐2,4‐diones, 2‐Iminopyrrolidin‐5‐ones and 1,3‐Oxazine‐2,4‐diones Derived from Acetoacetanilides.
Authors: Duff Thomas , James John P. , Mueller‐Bunz Helge
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and Anticonvulsant Activity of New Fluorinated N‐Phenyl‐ and N‐Benzyl‐2‐azaspiro[4.4]nonane‐ and [4.5]Decane‐1,3‐dione Derivatives. Part 3.
Authors: Obniska Jolanta , Kaminski Krzysztof , Zagorska Agnieszka , Dzierzawska‐Majewka Agnieszka , Karolak‐Wojciechowska Janina
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Interaction of 3‐Substituted Indoles with Phenylglyoxal.
Authors: Ivonin S. P. , Lapandin A. V.
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Efficient Entry to Diversely Functionalized Spirocyclic Oxindoles from Isatins Through Carbonyl‐Addition/Cyclization Reaction Sequences.
Authors: Alcaide Benito , Almendros Pedro , Rodriguez‐Acebes Raquel
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Coupling and Cycloaddition of Ynamides: Homo‐ and Negishi Coupling of Tosylynamides and Intramolecular [4 + 2] Cycloaddition of N‐(o‐Ethynyl)phenyl Ynamides and Arylynamides
Authors: Martinez‐Esperon Maria Fernanda , Rodriguez David , Castedo Luis , Saa Carlos
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synergistic Hybrid Catalyst for Cyclic Carbonate Synthesis: Remarkable Acceleration Caused by Immobilization of Homogeneous Catalyst on Silica.
Authors: Takahashi Toshikazu , Watahiki Tsutomu , Kitazume Shoji , Yasuda Hiroyuki , Sakakura Toshiyasu
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
3‐Aryl‐ and 2,3‐Diaryl‐4‐oxo‐4,5,6,7‐tetrahydroindazoles. Part 2. Reactions of Aryl‐ and Tosylhydrazones of Dimedone and 1,3‐Cyclohexanedione with Some Aromatic and Heteroaromatic Aldehydes.
Authors: Strakova I. , Strakovs A. , Petrova M.
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Microwave‐Assisted One‐Step High‐Throughput Synthesis of Benzimidazoles.
Authors: Lin Shou‐Yuan , Isome Yuko , Stewart Ethan , Liu Ji‐Feng , Yohannes Daniel , Yu Libing
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Chemistry of 2‐Hetarylbenzimidazoles. Part 10. Synthesis and Properties of 2‐(3′‐Furyl)‐1‐methyl‐1H‐benzimidazole.
Authors: Achkasova A. A. , Elchaninov M. M. , Milov A. A. , Lukyanov B. S.
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Click Chemistry with Ynamides.
Authors: IJsselstijn Maarten , Cintrat Jean‐Christophe
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.