bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Facilitating Sustainable Outcomes for the Organization of Youth Sports through Youth Engagement
Authors: Strittmatter Anna-Maria , Hanstad Dag Vidar , Skirstad Berit
Published: February 2021

The aim of this study was to explore how a youth sport development programme in connection with a major event may facilitate sustainable outcomes for the organization of youth sports in Norway. The context of the study involved the Norwegian Olympic and Paralympic Committee and Confederation of Sports’ initiative to increase young people’s engagement within Norwegian organized sports. The result of the initiative was the Young Leaders Programme (YLP) in connection with the 2016 Lillehammer Youth Olympic Games. Young people’s perceptions of the YLP, as well as how these perceptions relate to its implementation, are evaluated to determine the extent to which the programme may make a difference to sustainable youth engagement in organized sports. Qualitative data were generated through interviews with 16 YLP participants, aged 16–20, and five implementing agents. Applying the framework of processes affecting sustainability, the study shows how certain forms of sustainability can be enhanced while constraining other forms at the same time. The findings highlight that project design and implementation play a more crucial role in creating organizational sustainability than in creating individual sustainability. Furthermore, we were able to reveal that the engagement of young people in sport events as volunteers fosters individual sustainability, of which sport organizations and sporting communities should take advantage by providing arenas where young people can re-engage in sport organizations and thus contribute as change agents to a sustainable organization for youth sports.
An Improved Sub-Model PLSR Quantitative Analysis Method Based on SVM Classifier for ChemCam Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy
Authors: Han Liang , Liu Feng , Zhang Li
Published: February 2021

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a powerful tool for qualitative and quantitative analysis. Component analysis is a significant issue for the LIBS instrument onboard the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) rover Curiosity ChemCam and SuperCam on the Mars 2020 rover. The partial least squares (PLS) sub-model strategy is one of the outstanding multivariate analysis methods for calibration modeling, which is firstly developed by the ChemCam science team. We innovatively used a support vector machine (SVM) classifier to select the corresponding sub-model. Then conventional regression approaches partial least squares regression (PLSR) was utilized as a sub-model to prove that our selecting method was feasible, effective, and well-performed. For eight oxides, i.e., SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3, FeOT, MgO, CaO, Na2O, and K2O, the modified SVM-PLSR blended sub-model method was 34.8% to 62.4% lower than the corresponding root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) of the full model method. In order to avoid that SVM classifiers classifying the spectrum into an incorrect class, an optimized method was proposed which worked well in the modified PLSR blended sub-models.
Recurrent Multi-Fiber Network for 3D MRI Brain Tumor Segmentation
Authors: Zhao Yue , Ren Xiaoqiang , Hou Kun , Li Wentao
Published: February 2021

Automated brain tumor segmentation based on 3D magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is critical to disease diagnosis. Moreover, robust and accurate achieving automatic extraction of brain tumor is a big challenge because of the inherent heterogeneity of the tumor structure. In this paper, we present an efficient semantic segmentation 3D recurrent multi-fiber network (RMFNet), which is based on encoder–decoder architecture to segment the brain tumor accurately. 3D RMFNet is applied in our paper to solve the problem of brain tumor segmentation, including a 3D recurrent unit and 3D multi-fiber unit. First of all, we propose that recurrent units segment brain tumors by connecting recurrent units and convolutional layers. This quality enhances the model’s ability to integrate contextual information and is of great significance to enhance the contextual information. Then, a 3D multi-fiber unit is added to the overall network to solve the high computational cost caused by the use of a 3D network architecture to capture local features. 3D RMFNet combines both advantages from a 3D recurrent unit and 3D multi-fiber unit. Extensive experiments on the Brain Tumor Segmentation (BraTS) 2018 challenge dataset show that our RMFNet remarkably outperforms state-of-the-art methods, and achieves average Dice scores of 89.62%, 83.65% and 78.72% for the whole tumor, tumor core and enhancing tumor, respectively. The experimental results prove our architecture to be an efficient tool for brain tumor segmentation accurately.
Electromagnetic Safety of Remote Communication Devices—Videoconference
Authors: Przybysz Artur , Grzesiak Krystian , Kubiak Ireneusz
Published: February 2021

Devices powered by electricity become sources of electromagnetic emissions in the course of their operation. In the case of devices oriented to process information, these emissions can have a character of revealing emissions, i.e., those whose reception and analysis allow for remote reconstruction of related data. The best known example of this phenomenon is the formation of revealing emissions during the operation of imaging devices: monitors, projectors or printers. Increasingly more often, these components are used for communication in the form of videoconferences with other network users. The article presents the result of tests and analyses of threats related to the use of such solutions (monitors, personal computers, VoIP terminals) for the confidentiality of conversations and the data presented during them. The focus is on video signals; however, the potential possibilities of revealing speech signals were also indicated. Such phenomenon causes a huge threat to data confidentiality because the combination of graphics and sound can undoubtedly contain much more information about the protected data than just graphics or sound separately. The presented results of analyses apply to graphic data, possibilities of non-invasive acquisition of such data, similarity of images and of patterns and reconstructed image and image recognition. The results indicate that there is still a risk of loss of data confidentiality due to a phenomenon of an electromagnetic leakage, and specialized instrumentation is not required for its interception under favorable circumstances. This may particularly apply to audio data that may be accidentally received by home radio receivers. In particular, the presented results of analyses apply to a Special Issue of Symmetry which is characterized by security and privacy in communication systems and networks, signal processing, video and image processing, multimedia communications and electromagnetic compatibility. All these scientific and technical areas have either symmetrical or asymmetrical approaches, and they have to be taken into consideration as a whole in order to choose the best combinations to protect processed information.
Systematic Assessment of the Impact of DTI Methodology on Fractional Anisotropy Measures in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Bergamino Maurizio , Keeling Elizabeth G. , Walsh Ryan R. , Stokes Ashley M.
Published: February 2021

White matter microstructural changes in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are often assessed using fractional anisotropy (FA) obtained from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). FA depends on the acquisition and analysis methods, including the fitting algorithm. In this study, we compared FA maps from different acquisitions and fitting algorithms in AD, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and healthy controls (HCs) using the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database. Three acquisitions from two vendors were compared (Siemens 30, GE 48, and Siemens 54 directions). DTI data were fit using nine fitting algorithms (four linear least squares (LLS), two weighted LLS (WLLS), and three non-linear LLS (NLLS) from four software tools (FSL, DSI-Studio, CAMINO, and AFNI). Different cluster volumes and effect-sizes were observed across acquisitions and fits, but higher consistency was observed as the number of diffusion directions increased. Significant differences were observed between HC and AD groups for all acquisitions, while significant differences between HC and MCI groups were only observed for GE48 and SI54. Using the intraclass correlation coefficient, AFNI–LLS and CAMINO–RESTORE were the least consistent with the other algorithms. By combining data across all three acquisitions and nine fits, differences between AD and HC/MCI groups were observed in the fornix and corpus callosum, indicating FA differences in these regions may be robust DTI-based biomarkers. This study demonstrates that comparisons of FA across aging populations could be confounded by variability in acquisitions and fit methodologies and that identifying the most robust DTI methodology is critical to provide more reliable DTI-based neuroimaging biomarkers for assessing microstructural changes in AD.
Assessment of Exposure to Mycotoxins in Spanish Children through the Analysis of Their Levels in Plasma Samples
Authors: Arce-López Beatriz , Lizarraga Elena , López de Mesa Reyes , González-Peñas Elena
Published: February 2021

In this study, we present, for the first time in Spain, the levels of 19 mycotoxins in plasma samples from healthy and sick children (digestive, autism spectrum (ASD), and attention deficit hyperactivity (ADHD) disorders) (n = 79, aged 2–16). The samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (triple quadrupole) (LC-MS/MS). To detect Phase II metabolites, the samples were reanalyzed after pre-treatment with β-glucuronidase/arylsulfatase. The most prevalent mycotoxin was ochratoxin A (OTA) in all groups of children, before and after enzyme treatment. In healthy children, the incidence of OTA was 92.5% in both cases and higher than in sick children before (36.7% in digestive disorders, 50% in ASD, and 14.3% in ADHD) and also after the enzymatic treatment (76.6 % in digestive disorders, 50% in ASD, and 85.7% in ADHD). OTA levels increased in over 40% of healthy children after enzymatic treatment, and this increase in incidence and levels was also observed in all sick children. This suggests the presence of OTA conjugates in plasma. In addition, differences in OTA metabolism may be assumed. OTA levels are higher in healthy children, even after enzymatic treatment (mean OTA value for healthy children 3.29 ng/mL, 1.90 ng/mL for digestive disorders, 1.90 ng/mL for ASD, and 0.82 ng/mL for ADHD). Ochratoxin B appears only in the samples of healthy children with a low incidence (11.4%), always co-occurring with OTA. Sterigmatocystin (STER) was detected after enzymatic hydrolysis with a high incidence in all groups, especially in sick children (98.7% in healthy children and 100% in patients). This supports glucuronidation as a pathway for STER metabolism in children. Although other mycotoxins were studied (aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, G2, and M1; T-2 and HT-2 toxins; deoxynivalenol, deepoxy-deoxynivalenol, 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol, 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol; zearalenone; nivalenol; fusarenon-X; neosolaniol; and diacetoxyscirpenol), they were not detected either before or after enzymatic treatment in any of the groups of children. In conclusion, OTA and STER should be highly considered in the risk assessment of mycotoxins. Studies concerning their sources of exposure, toxicokinetics, and the relationship between plasma levels and toxic effects are of utmost importance in children.
The Buzz about ADP-Ribosylation Toxins from Paenibacillus larvae, the Causative Agent of American Foulbrood in Honey Bees
Authors: Ebeling Julia , Fünfhaus Anne , Genersch Elke
Published: February 2021

The Gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium Paenibacillus larvae is the etiological agent of American Foulbrood, a highly contagious and often fatal honey bee brood disease. The species P. larvae comprises five so-called ERIC-genotypes which differ in virulence and pathogenesis strategies. In the past two decades, the identification and characterization of several P. larvae virulence factors have led to considerable progress in understanding the molecular basis of pathogen-host-interactions during P. larvae infections. Among these virulence factors are three ADP-ribosylating AB-toxins, Plx1, Plx2, and C3larvin. Plx1 is a phage-born toxin highly homologous to the pierisin-like AB-toxins expressed by the whites-and-yellows family Pieridae (Lepidoptera, Insecta) and to scabin expressed by the plant pathogen Streptomyces scabiei. These toxins ADP-ribosylate DNA and thus induce apoptosis. While the presumed cellular target of Plx1 still awaits final experimental proof, the classification of the A subunits of the binary AB-toxins Plx2 and C3larvin as typical C3-like toxins, which ADP-ribosylate Rho-proteins, has been confirmed experimentally. Normally, C3-exoenzymes do not occur together with a B subunit partner, but as single domain toxins. Interestingly, the B subunits of the two P. larvae C3-like toxins are homologous to the B-subunits of C2-like toxins with striking structural similarity to the PA-63 protomer of Bacillus anthracis.
Determining the Topology and Deflection Angle of Ringholes via Gauss-Bonnet Theorem
Authors: Jusufi Kimet
Published: February 2021

In this letter, we use a recent wormhole metric known as a ringhole [Gonzalez-Diaz, Phys. Rev. D 54, 6122, 1996] to determine the surface topology and the deflection angle of light in the weak limit approximation using the Gauss-Bonnet theorem (GBT). We apply the GBT and show that the surface topology at the wormhole throat is indeed a torus by computing the Euler characteristic number. As a special case of the ringhole solution, one can find the Ellis wormhole which has the surface topology of a 2-sphere at the wormhole throat. The most interesting results of this paper concerns the problem of gravitational deflection of light in the spacetime of a ringhole geometry by applying the GBT to the optical ringhole geometry. It is shown that, the deflection angle of light depends entirely on the geometric structure of the ringhole geometry encoded by the parameters b0 and a, being the ringhole throat radius and the radius of the circumference generated by the circular axis of the torus, respectively. As special cases of our general result, the deflection angle by Ellis wormhole is obtained. Finally, we work out the problem of deflection of relativistic massive particles and show that the deflection angle remains unaltered by the speed of the particles.
Safety and Outcomes Associated with the Pharmacological Inhibition of the Kinin–Kallikrein System in Severe COVID-19
Authors: Mansour Eli , Palma Andre C. , Ulaf Raisa G. , Ribeiro Luciana C. , Bernardes Ana Flavia , Nunes Thyago A. , Agrela Marcus V. , Bombassaro Bruna , Monfort-Pires Milena , Camargo Rafael L. , Araujo Eliana P. , Brunetti Natalia S. , Farias Alessandro S. , Falcão Antônio Luís E. , Santos Thiago Martins , Trabasso Plinio , Dertkigil Rachel P. , Dertkigil Sergio S. , Moretti Maria Luiza , Velloso Licio A.
Published: February 2021

Background: Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) can develop into a severe respiratory syndrome that results in up to 40% mortality. Acute lung inflammatory edema is a major pathological finding in autopsies explaining O2 diffusion failure and hypoxemia. Only dexamethasone has been shown to reduce mortality in severe cases, further supporting a role for inflammation in disease severity. SARS-CoV-2 enters cells employing angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as a receptor, which is highly expressed in lung alveolar cells. ACE2 is one of the components of the cellular machinery that inactivates the potent inflammatory agent bradykinin, and SARS-CoV-2 infection could interfere with the catalytic activity of ACE2, leading to the accumulation of bradykinin. Methods: In this case control study, we tested two pharmacological inhibitors of the kinin–kallikrein system that are currently approved for the treatment of hereditary angioedema, icatibant, and inhibitor of C1 esterase/kallikrein, in a group of 30 patients with severe COVID-19. Results: Neither icatibant nor inhibitor of C1 esterase/kallikrein resulted in changes in time to clinical improvement. However, both compounds were safe and promoted the significant improvement of lung computed tomography scores and increased blood eosinophils, which are indicators of disease recovery. Conclusions: In this small cohort, we found evidence for safety and a beneficial role of pharmacological inhibition of the kinin–kallikrein system in two markers that indicate improved disease recovery.
Functional Dependency in Mexico: Measurement Issues and Policy Challenges
Authors: Villalobos Dintrans Pablo , González Bautista Emmanuel
Published: February 2021

Background: Different definitions have been used to measure functional dependency (FD) in Mexico. This study aims to explore if different definitions of FD lead to low consistency between the estimations of its prevalence. Accurate estimations of FD are useful to estimate the potential demand for long-term care (LTC) services in the country. Methods: A literature review including documents with estimations on the number or prevalence of dependents in Mexico with national representativeness between 2000 and 2019 was performed as well as estimations of different definitions of FD, using the National Study on Health and Aging in Mexico (ENASEM). Results: There is a lack of consensus on the definition of FD. Among the most frequently used terms to define FD are "disability" and "dependency." The heterogeneity of definitions results in a wide range of estimations of the demand for LTC. Methodological choices can lead to important differences in FD prevalence estimations. Results from ENASEM 2001 show that FD prevalence could range from 13% to 35% in people 60+; sex prevalences also vary when using different ways to measure FD. Conclusion: Besides the highlighted issues in calculating FD in the population, Mexico should consider broadening the assessment of FD, including people with dementia and younger populations. Although the literature search is not systematic, it helps exemplifying the current issues when measuring FD in Mexico. A consensual definition of dependency is required to have a more accurate estimated demand for LTC. Having good data sources is not enough when dissimilar estimations of an indicator like dependency result from the same study. Wide heterogeneity in estimations of dependency could be an obstacle to inform public policies during the construction of a care system in Mexico.
Priority Setting in HIV, Tuberculosis, and Malaria – New Cost-Effectiveness Results From WHO-CHOICE
Authors: Ralaidovy Ambinintsoa H. , Lauer Jeremy Addison , Pretorius Carel , Briët Olivier JT , Patouillard Edith
Published: February 2021

Background: This paper forms part of an update of the World Health Organization Choosing Interventions that are Cost-Effective (WHO-CHOICE) programmes. It provides an assessment of global health system performance during the first decade of the 21st century (2000-2010) with respect to allocative efficiency in HIV, tuberculosis (TB) and malaria control, thereby shining a spotlight on programme development and scale up in these Millennium Development Goal (MDG) priority areas; and examining the cost-effectiveness of selected best-practice interventions and intervention packages commonly in use during that period. Methods: Generalized cost-effectiveness analysis (GCEA) was used to determine the cost-effectiveness of the selected interventions. Impact modelling was performed using the OpenMalaria platform for malaria and using the Goals and TIME (TB Impact Model and Estimates) models in Spectrum for HIV and TB. All health system costs, regardless of payer, were included and reported in international dollars. Health outcomes are estimated and reported as the gain in healthy life years (HLYs) due to the specific intervention or combination. Analysis was restricted to eastern sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia. Results: At the reference year of 2010, commonly used interventions for HIV, TB and malaria were cost-effective, with cost-effectiveness ratios less than I$ 100/HLY saved for virtually all interventions included. HIV, TB and malaria prevention and treatment interventions are highly cost-effective and can be implemented through a phased approach to full coverage to achieve maximum health benefits and contribute to the progressive elimination of these diseases. Conclusion: During the first decade of the 21st century (2000-2010), the global community has done well overall for HIV, TB, and malaria programmes as regards both economic efficiency and programmatic selection criteria. The role of international assistance, financial and technical, arguably was critical to these successes. As the global community now tackles the challenge of universal health coverage, this analysis can reinforce commitment to Sustainable Development Goal targets but also the importance of continued focus on these critical programme areas.
"There’s Not Enough Bodies to Do the Demand:" An Exploration of Key Stakeholder Views on the Role of Health Service Capacity in Shaping Cancer Outcomes in 7 International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership Countries
Authors: Seguin Maureen , Morris Melanie , McKee Martin , Nolte Ellen
Published: February 2021

Background: Differences in cancer survival are shaped by differences in health system capacity in workforce and infrastructure. Part of the International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership (ICBP), this study explored stakeholders’ perceptions of the role of health system capacity necessary for cancer care in influencing cancer survival in 7 high-income countries. Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews with 79 key informants from national, regional, and local tiers of health systems, professional bodies, patient associations, and academic experts in Australia, Canada, Denmark, Ireland, New Zealand, Norway, and the United Kingdom. Data collection was guided by a conceptual model linking characteristics of health systems and cancer survival along the cancer patient journey, from recognition of symptoms at pre-diagnostic stages through to survivorship or death. Data were analysed using a thematic approach. Results: We identified 3 themes as important in shaping cancer outcomes: primary care and access to diagnostic evaluation, specialist care and access to treatment, and workforce pertaining to diagnostic and treatment phases. Improved infrastructure for diagnosis and treatment had improved cancer outcomes in all jurisdictions. However, this was seen as insufficient if staffing was inadequate. Consolidation of services and greater surgical specialisation was important in some jurisdictions if accompanied by a reconfiguration of services, in particular the creation of specialist multidisciplinary teams, along with supporting capacity in the wider health system. Staff shortages were commonly cited as reasons why some jurisdictions lagged behind others. Conclusion: Continued improvement in cancer outcomes will require sustained investment in plans to deliver and maintain the workforce engaged in cancer care and in the infrastructure on which they depend. However, strategic plans must recognise that systems for cancer care do not work in isolation from the rest of the health system and a whole systems approach is essential if we are to improve outcomes for an ageing, increasingly multimorbid population.
Designing Student Attendance Information Systems Web-Based
Authors: Fauziah Zaleha , Latifah Haznah , Rahardja Untung , Lutfiani Ninda , Mardiansyah Aditya
Published: February 2021

Curug SMPN 1 is one of the state senior high schools in Tangerang regency, precisely in Curug district. The teacher absentee system in implementing learning has been running and is considered ineffective because it still has to record in books which are considered inefficient. To facilitate the need for teachers to record reports in books and to make it easier for supervisors, a web-based information system design was created. The method used is a prototype model using the help of an application from Adobe. With the prototype it is expected that the use of the WhatsApp service can be used to provide information to parents. The use of this prototype method is expected to be developed in other schools.
An Unrealized Staging of Weinberg's Opera “The Passenger” in 1968: Whose Fault?
Authors: Клокова Антонина
Published: February 2021

Опера Мечислава Вайнберга «Пассажирка» считается центральным произведением в творчестве композитора, выдающимся по своему смысловому наполнению и актуальности. К такому выводу пришли его коллеги по цеху и ведущие музыковеды страны, когда эта опера была впервые представлена на обсуждение в Союзе композиторов СССР. В то же время постановка произведения оказалась под сомнением сразу же после его создания, и опера не увидела сцены ни в Большом театре, по заказу которого была написана, ни где бы то ни было еще - вплоть до 2006 года. Кто был в этом виноват? Новые архивные материалы, которые будут представлены в настоящей статье, помогают понять, почему советские театры отказались от постановки. Они касаются истории создания произведения и удостоверяют первоначальные планы Большого театра поставить оперу. Помимо архивных данных предметом обсуждения станет и изменяющаяся в конце 1960-х годах (культурно-)политическая обстановка в СССР, а также новый исторический нарратив, затрагивающий события Второй мировой войны.

Opera “The Passenger” by Mieczysław Weinberg is regarded as the composer's central work, an outstanding work due to its theme and the incredible relevance. Both his fellow composers and the leading national musicologists came to these conclusions, when the opera was first submitted to the USSR Union of Composers for consideration. However, the opera's staging became uncertain right after its composition, and “The Passenger” did not premiere, neither at the Bolshoi Theatre that commissioned its composition, nor at any other theatre, until 2006. Whose fault was that? New archive materials that are to be presented in this paper can help to shed the light on the possible reasons for Soviet theatres to neglect the opera. They refer to the history of the opera's composition and unveil the initial plans of the Bolshoi Theatre to stage it. Besides the archive data, the paper will examine changes in the (cultural) politics of the USSR at the end of 1960s as well as its contemporary historical narrative referring to the Second World War events.
“The Worldly Song Written in Eight Tones by Neumes with Cinnabar Marks” from the Archive of Vladimir Odoevsky
Authors: Верещагина Катарина Сергеевна
Published: February 2021

Творческое наследие В. Ф. Одоевского представляет большую ценность для ученых-музыковедов, однако многие документы из его архива до сих пор не опубликованы, в том числе записанная крюками на восемь гласов любовная песня из старообрядческой среды, расшифровку которой сделал Одоевский. Эта песня - интересный образец взаимодействия светской (мирской) и церковной культур. С ней связана последняя незаконченная статья Одоевского «Мирская песня, написанная на восемь гласов крюками с киноварными пометами», хотя непосредственного обращения в тексте к песне нет. По-видимому, автор просто не успел включить анализ этого произведения в статью, поэтому сама песня долгое время оставалась неизвестной. В результате работы с архивом Одоевского нами обнаружена ее нотная расшифровка. Представленная в данной статье, она впервые публикуется полностью.

The creative heritage of V. F. Odoevsky is of great value to musicologists, but many documents from his archive have not yet been published, including a love song from the old believers written by hooks on eight tones, which Odoevsky transcribed. This song is an interesting example of interaction between worldly (secular) and church cultures. The last unfinished article by Odoevsky, “A worldly song written in eight tones by hooks with cinnabar marks,” is related with it, although there is no direct reference to the song in the text. Apparently, the author simply did not have time to include the analysis of this work in the article, so the song itself remained unknown for a long time. As a result of working with archive of Odoevsky, we found the notes of this song. Presented in this article, it is published in full for the first time.
V. G. Karatygin's Activities on Studying M. P. Mussorgsky's Legacy in the Author's Versions
Authors: Александрова Василиса Александровна
Published: February 2021

В. Г. Каратыгина, связанной с изучением им наследия М. П. Мусоргского. Опираясь на архивные источники из фондов Российского государственного архива литературы и искусства, Российского национального музея музыки, а также на материалы периодики 1900-1910-х годов и нотные издания сочинений Мусоргского в редакции Каратыгина, автор приходит к выводу, что многие научные и художественные идеи музыковеда предвосхитили концепционные положения П. А. Ламма. Работы Каратыгина над произведениями Мусоргского следует оценить, с одной стороны, как серьезное отдаление от представлений Н. А. Римского-Корсакова в сфере редактирования музыки Мусоргского, а с другой стороны, как предвидение принципов академического издания сочинений композитора, которые заявили о себе несколько позже - в 1927-1928 годах, в деятельности П. А. Ламма и Б. В. Асафьева.

This article is an overview of V. G. Karatygin's activities related to his study of M. P. Mussorgsky's legacy. It is based on archival materials from the Russian State Archive of Literature and Art and the Russian National Museum of Music, as well as the periodicals of the 1900-1910s, and Mussorgsky's published music works edited by Karatygin. The author comes to the conclusion that many of Karatygin's scholarly and artistic thoughts anticipated the conceptual ideas of P. A. Lamm. Karatygin's works on Mussorgsky's oeuvres should be assessed as, on the one hand, a serious separation from N. A. Rimsky-Korsakov's ideas in the field of editing Mussorgsky's music, and, on the other hand, as an anticipation of the principles of the academic edition of the composer's CompLete Works, announced a little later, in 1927-1928, in P. A. Lamm's and B. V. Asafyev's activities.
Computer Ethnomusicology: Tasks, Methods, Results
Authors: Юнусова Виолетта Николаевна , Харуто Александр Витальевич
Published: February 2021

В статье рассматриваются проблемы использования компьютерных методов анализа звука в этномузыко-логических исследованиях. Применение технических средств в этой области началось в XIX веке. Сначала это были аппараты для записи звука, затем аппараты для звуковысотной расшифровки. В настоящее время они вытеснены цифровыми звукозаписывающими устройствами и компьютерными программами, которые вычисляют точную линию мелодии исследуемого исполнения, могут представить результаты анализа графически, позволяют оценивать акустические характеристики голоса и инструмента, ритм и темп исполнения. Для анализа стиля можно применять статистические методы, реализуемые средствами компьютерной техники. Компьютерные методы анализа музыкального звука разрабатываются и используются в научном сообществе ISMIR, однако оно ориентировано почти полностью на 12-полутоновый равномерно-темперированный строй музыки. Традиционная музыка использует другие строи и требует для анализа иных методов - которые входят в понятие «вычислительная (компьютерная) этномузыкология». Это направление развивается во всем мире, в том числе и в России.

The paper deals with the problems of computer sound analysis methods used in ethnomusicology investigations. The ethnomusicologist's began to apply technical devices since XIX Century. Firstly, it were phonographic equipment and melody description devices; now they will be substituted through digital audio-recorders and computer programs which calculate exact melody profile of performance, represent the results graphically, provide analysis of acoustical characteristics of voices and instruments and measurement of rhythm and temp of performance. For performance style analysis, statistical methods will be realized with help of computer. Computer-aid analysis of musical sound will be elaborated and used in scientific society ISMIR, but it is mostly focused on “European” kind of music with 12-halftone pitch row. Traditional music uses other pitch rows and must be analyzed with specific methods- which forms the “computational ethnomusicology.” This branch of science makes good progress all over the world and also in Russia.
Concerto for Conductor and Orchestra by Nino Rota and Federico Fellini: A Rehearsal of the Apocalypse
Authors: Перевозчикова Кристина Викторовна
Published: February 2021

В знаменитом фильме Федерико Феллини с музыкой Нино Роты символически, через судьбы музыкантов выражена идея катастрофического обнищания человеческого духа, неминуемо ведущая общество к Апокалипсису. Кинолента построена по законам концертной сонатной формы и обладает четко выраженной музыкально-кинематографической драматургией, способствующей постижению глубокого философского смысла, заложенного великим режиссером. Музыкальная ткань Нино Роты, составленная из оркестровых фрагментов, шумов, звуковых пятен, точно передает концепцию Феллини, сохраняя при этом собственную семантику.

The famous film by Federico Fellini with music by Nino Rota symbolically expresses-through the fate of musicians - the idea of catastrophic impoverishment of a human soul which inevitably leads the society to the Apocalypse. The film is based on the principles of a concerto sonata form and has a certain musical and cinematic dramaturgy which helps the comprehension of deep philosophical meaning laid down by the great director. Nino Rota's musical score which consists of orchestral fragments, sounds, and clusters, accurately conveys Fellini's concept, while maintaining its own semantic.
Determination of the Effect of Cyfluthrin Pesticide on Zebra Mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) by Some Antioxidant Enzyme Activities
Authors: SERDAR Osman
Published: February 2021

In this study, some biochemical responses of Cyfluthrin (CFT), a commercial insecticide in Dreissena polymorpha, were investigated. The 96 hour LC50 value of CFT on D. polymorpha was calculated as 553.22 ± 27.3 µg / L. D. polymorpha was exposed to subletal concentrations (1/20, 1/10 and 1/5 of LC50 value) of CFT for 24 and 96 hours. The enzyme activities of superoxide dismustase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were determined in D. polymorpha individuals. In D. polymorpha exposed to CFT, SOD activity increased compared to control. It was determined that CAT and GPx activities were inhibited compared to the control.

As a result, D. polymorpha individuals exposed to CFT were found to cause increased oxidative damage.
Complications of intramedullar blocking osteosynthesis
Authors: Mansyrov Asif Baglar оgly , Litovchenko V.A. , Berezka N.I. , Gariachy Ye.V.
Published: February 2021

The complications of intramedullary blocking osteosynthesis of diaphyseal fractures of the limb bones due to tactical errors, as well as ways of preventing them, have been identified and summarized. Typical tactical errors of intramedullary blocking osteosynthesis were: application of the method against indications, violation of the osteosynthesis technology and the use of inadequate «author’s» techniques, introduction of own intraoperative “corrections” and change of course of the surgical intervention, excessive reaming of the medullary canal, significant intraoperative trauma of bone fragments and soft tissues, the wrong type of blocking or untimely dynamization, lack of continuity in medical rehabilitation. The most negative impact on the anatomical restoration of the bone and the functional restoration of the limb has the reaming of the medullary canal, performed without appropriate indications and with technical errors.
Performance Assessment of a Turn Around Ranging in Communication Satellite Orbit Determination
Authors: Öz İbrahim , Yılmaz Ümit Cezmi , Güler Ümit
Published: February 2021

Satellite operators utilize a two-stations turn around ranging (TAR) system to reduce the ground station measurement system's complexity and cost while having the same or better orbit determination accuracy for communication satellites orbit determination recently. This study investigates two stations' performance, four-way ranging on communication satellite orbit determination, operational conformance, and cost. The observation data sets are collected using traditional single station tracking (SST) and the new method TAR. The computed results using the Monte Carlo method encourage the satellite operators to use a four-way ranging system to observe and measure required data sets. TAR performance is evaluated, taking SST as a reference. The six classical orbital elements (a, e, i, RAAN, AoP, and TA) are compared for large numbers of observation data. The SST and TAR results are very close to each other. The worst-case calculated Euclidian distance between SST and TAR is 1.893 km at the epoch below the 6 km success criteria. The TAR observation method is appropriate to collect data sets for precise orbit determination. This work result indicates that satellite operators should consider deploying TAR stations to collect two-station range data sets and compute the orbit for nominal north-south station-keeping maneuvers (NSSK) and east-west station-keeping (EWSK) maneuver operations. The TAR method is superior to SST in terms of accuracy, operational conformance, and costs.
Prácticas de fundamento de ciencias de la materia: densidad.
Authors: Begines Ruiz Belén , Alcudia Cruz Ana , Moreno Rodríguez Nazaret , Galbis Fuster Elsa , Benito Hernández Elena María
Published: February 2021

En esta práctica se investigarán las metodologías para la determinación de la densidad de muestras líquidas, así como de muestras sólidas, a partir de las medidas de masa y volumen. En el caso de las muestras sólidas, el cálculo del volumen de dichas muestras se llevará a cabo a partir de dos métodos distintos: geometría y Principio de Arquímedes).

En esta práctica se trabaja con el concepto de densidad, que es una propiedad característica de la materia, por lo que se puede utilizar para hacer una determinación aproximada de la composición de los objetos. Puesto que la densidad se define como la masa que contiene un determinado volumen de materia, para calcular la densidad basta con pesar la materia a la que se le quiera determinar esta propiedad, para determinar su masa, y medir su volumen. El procedimiento, en ambos casos dependerá de si la materia en cuestión es un sólido o un líquido.
HACIA UNA SINODALIDAD DIOCESANA: EL OBISPO DIOCESANO COMO LEGISLADOR
Authors: Gambaro Giampiero
Published: February 2021

De las formas históricas de asambleas eclesiales y de la teología del pueblo de Dios se identifican los fundamentos de las actitudes y de los comportamientos, así como los actores y los procedimientos necesarios para que el evento sinodal sea la repraesentatio Ecclesiae, la representación del cuerpo de Cristo verdadero. La Eucaristía, fuente y culmen de la vida cristiana, ofrece un modelo para el evento sinodal. El consenso de los fieles, articulado en las distintas figuras, es condición para una auténtica recepción de las decisiones doctrinales y disciplinares. El obispo diocesano está “en el sínodo”, es miembro calificado y forma parte de él con funciones muy precisas, entre ellas, la de ejercer la autoridad legislativa. El camino sinodal lleva a la Iglesia a través del proceso de decision making hacia el momento del decision taking e involucrando el obispo para que pueda ser testigo de cuanto decía san Agustín: “Vobis enim sum episcopus, vobiscum sum christianus. Illud est nomen suscepti officii, hoc gratiae; illud periculi est, hoc salutis” [Para ustedes soy obispo, con ustedes soy cristiano. Aquel es el nombre de un oficio confiado, este de la gracia; aquel del peligro, este de la salvación].
Wdrożenie europejskich standardów polityki etnicznej: doświadczenia Ukrainy
Authors: Kałakura Ołeh
Published: February 2021

This article analyses the Ukrainian experiences regarding the state regulation of the ethnic and national sphere development and directions of implementing European ethnic policy standards in accordance with the acts of the Council of Europe and OSCE recommendations. It reveals the political and legal principles of ethnic policy, the shortcomings of the paternalistic model of inter-ethnic relations under the conditions of war, and the state’s lack of financial capacity. Tendencies towards the ethnic and national-civic consolidation of Ukrainian society are shown. A number of problems that require further legislative and state solutions are presented. The author proposes a new approach to determining the priorities of ethnic-national policy, which can be used to create the concept of the ethnic-national development of Ukraine.
Study of Mechanical Performance Affecting Factors in Split Casing Pump
Authors:   Research Scholar, Mechanical Engineering RIT Rajaramnagar, Shivaji University India., Gavade Ramesh.S. , Sawant Suresh M. ,   Mechanical Engineering RIT, Rajaramnagar, Shivaji University India.
Published: February 2021

The need for better performance and higher comfort continually drive search for new features. In today’s applications, pumps are expected to continue continuously for a long time. So “operational reliability” is a key factor. The comprifugal pump is a fluid-carrying machine, with centrifugal energy produced by rotating air. Pumps are used for conveying fluids. Rotating power usually comes from an electric car, which is turned by the engine and the engine. There is a great demand for centrifugal pumps on the market. The construction is relatively inexpensive, durable and easy, and its high speed makes it possible to connect the pump directly to an unmatched car. The centrifugal pump provides a constant flow of fluid, and can be easily blown without causing damage to the pump. Pump reliability problems address a large amount of repair repairs and the cost of loss of access to chemical plants, refineries, and many electrical appliances. This paper describes the most common causes of pump failure, and how they can be avoided in most cases by using the appropriate types of analysis and procedure during the pump selection process. Specifically, key issues include where the pump will operate next to the best efficient point (BEP). Proper pump selection and installation avoid misalignment. This paper explains the various reasons for the failure of Split break pumps.
Design and Analysis of Shunt Active Power Filter (SAPF) for Non Linear and Unbalanced Loads
Authors:   Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad, Hyderabad, INDIA., Yaddanapudi Kiran , Murthy Pannala Krishna ,   Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Khammam Institute of Technology and Sciences, Khammam, INDIA.
Published: February 2021

Increasing power demand in present situation has to comply with the power generation. Generated power has to meet the quality standards. With the introduction of nonlinear loads like static power converters inject harmonics into the system which effect operation of the system adversely. In order to improve the performance of the system these harmonics are to be mitigated and reactive power need to be compensated. In the proposed work a Shunt Active Power Filter (SAPF) is designed to compensate reactive power and the behavior of the system is analyzed by introducing reverse harmonic current.
Passengers Perception on Trans Jogja Service Performance by using Structural Equation Modeling
Authors:   Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia., Mulyasari Nur Seta , Priyanto Sigit ,   Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogayakarta, Indonesia.
Published: February 2021

Yogyakarta has been one of the busiest cities in Java. Every day, there are people coming and going in this city. Not only those within the city region, but also the ones from its surrounding regencies such as Purworejo, Kulon Progo, Magelang, and Klaten. Therefore, it is necessary to develop public transportation which can provide solutions to this rapid trip movement. Yogyakarta provides Trans Jogja to manage the trip inside the city. Despite using Trans Jogja for daily transportation, passengers may have its perception on how they choose to use this public transportation services. The purpose of this study is to determine the influencing factors of the usage of Trans Jogja based on the perception of its passengers as well as its potential passengers. The method used in this study is divided into quantitative data collection methods and quantitative data analysis. The method of data collection is by distributing questioners to the respondent groups which consist of Trans Jogja passengers and potential passengers. The method of data analysis chosen is the Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) method with Linear Structural Relationships (LISREL) software to analyse the relationship of value, quality, best score, and customer satisfaction to determine the best model for perception analyse of each group. The indicators to measure passenger perceptions and potential passengers are (1) security, (2) safety, (3) comfort, (4) equality, (5) affordability, (6) regularity. The results of passengers’ perception on Trans Jogja service performance may become the parameter in improving the quality of the services of the public transportation in Yogyakarta.
Development of Soft-Switching PWM Full Bridge DC–DC Converter with Charging Applications
Authors:   Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Pragati Engineering College, Surampalem, Peddapuram., Harikrishna Mr.Meenavalli , Harish Mr.Madugula Satya ,   Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Pragati Engineering College, Surampalem, Peddapuram., Kumar Mr. M. V. Chandra ,   Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Pragati Engineering College, Surampalem.
Published: February 2021

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