bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patterns and Evidence (and how to find papermills before peer-review)
Authors: Day Adam
Published: June 2023

I once saw a brilliant presentation about how simple data analysis can detect credit card fraud**. The presentation showed a pattern in how people use their credit cards. Given a large number of people who had been victims of credit card fraud, this pattern showed there was just 1 store in-particular where they had all used their cards. There was no observational evidence of someone at that store stealing card details. No camera footage, no eye-witnesses, but the pattern was obvious in...
Video: APIs for Papermill detection (ConTech API Series)
Authors: Day Adam
Published: June 2023

Recently, I gave a presentation on the APIs for Papermill Detection offered by Clear Skies Ltd.I also touch on a newer service called the Clear Skies Standard Report. More on that in future posts… :)Here’s the video:https://medium.com/media/ee5a04aaed9fc53d2748e64516178ebe/hrefWould you like to know more?There are a few more presentations coming up:I’ll be speaking with Ebru Cucen from Open Credo about some work we did on detecting unusual co-authorships based on data shared by Anna...
The beginning of the end for academic publishers?
Authors: Brembs Björn
Published: June 2023

On May 23, the Council of the EU adopted a set of conclusions on scholarly publishing that, if followed through, would spell the end for academic publishers and scholarly journals as we know them. On the same day, the adoption was followed by a joint statement of support by the largest and most influential research organizations in Europe.
Արևմտահայության կոտորածների կանխմանն ուղղված Գևորգ Ե Սուրենյանցի գործունեությունը (1915 թ. ապրիլ-նոյեմբեր)
Authors: Ամիրջանյան Հասմիկ Հ.
Published: June 2023

В 1908 г., когда в Османской империи младотурки пришли к власти, преследование армян не прекращалось. С начала апреля 1909 г. турки организовали погромы армян Киликии. Католикос всех армян Геворг V, сыгравший большую роль в раскрытии Армянского вопроса в 1912, получил информацию из разных источников о массовых убийствах армян в Западной Армении. Католикос обратился к разным европейскими и российскими государственными военным и общественным деятелям с просьбой предотвратить резню западных армян. Целью католикоса было заставить турецкое правительство прекратить резню через вмешательство великих держав. Однако европейские державы и российское правительство ограничивались лишь дипломатическими шагами и обещаниями, руководствуясь собственными интересами․ In 1908, after the abolition of Abdul-Hamid’s despotic regime and the coming to power of the Young Turks, the persecutions and atrocities against the Western Armenians did not stop. From Аpril 1909 the Turks organized the massacre of the Armenians of Cilicia. The Catholicos of All Armenians, Gevorg V, who played a major role in the discovery of the Armenian question in 1912, received information about the massacre of Armenians in Western Armenia from various sources. The Catholicos appealed to various state and public European and Russian statesmen and public figures with the request to prevent the massacre of the Western Armenians. The purpose of the Catechism was to influence the Turkish government through the great powers and make them stop the massacre. However, the European countries and the Russian government, guided by their own interests, were limited to diplomatic steps and promises.
Transfer Of Receivables On Behalf Of The Savings And Loan Cooperative Sahabat Mitra Sejati Rantau Prapat Branch Office
Authors: Bayu Dwi Arya Muhammad , Fitrianto Bambang , Nurhayati Siti
Published: June 2023

In the business world capital turnover is an indication for it's a good effort. Based on this often entrepreneurs need capital in a short period of time in order to ensure the liquidity of its business, so no longer wait for a fall due on receivables to be collected later the payment. The method generally used to obtain fresh funds in the near future on outstanding receivables is by way of selling its receivables to others who are willing to buy it, generally at a price lower than the value of the bill to be paid by the debtor at maturity. Regarding the high and low prices as well depending on the illiquid receivables and whether there is a guarantee that accompanies the debt. Problems arise when procedure or process of selling the receivables do not meet existing legal provisions, so as to harm the seller this itself in this case the savings and loan cooperative sahabat mitra sejati branch rantau prapat
Right Of Immunity Of Members Of The House Of Representatives (Case Study Of Immunity Rights Of Langkat Regency DPRD Members)
Authors: Kelana Damanik Haris , Kusbianto Kusbianto , Sitompul Ariman
Published: June 2023

Paradiqma democracy demands that every form of legislation and various decisions get the approval of the people's representatives and as much as possible attention to the interests of the people. Although the authority to form a law is in the hands of the DPR together with the president and does not involve the sovereign holder, namely the people in the process of its formation, but currently the role of the people in influencing a policy to produce a law and to assess the implementation of a law cannot be underestimated. The research aims to provide immunity rights for members of Parliament/DPRD as public officials in terms of carrying out their duties and authorities. The research method used in this research is normative juridical law research by using the approach of legislation and doctrine applied to a legal problem and is prescriptive that is expected to be applied in society. The results of the study concluded that members of the DPR / DPRD in performing their duties and authorities need to be protected properly and honorably in accordance with the level of Honor as elected representatives of the people and each member of the DPR must also reflect the personal and behavior of the honorable and leading in law enforcement.
Protection Of The Parties In The Implementation Of The Ship Lease Agreement (Case Study Decision No.231 / Rev.G / 2020 / PN.JKT.UTR)
Authors: Al-Hafiz Al-Hafiz , Kusbianto Kusbianto , Sitompul Ariman
Published: June 2023

The mechanism of transfer of rights in the lease agreement can be done with several stages, namely: the transfer of rights to an object must be accompanied by the delivery of the object. Surrender in the process of handing over property rights cannot be done carelessly regardless of the law that regulates it. Deed of lease made by and before a notary. Settlement of disputes over the sale and purchase agreement of the ship can be done by: non-litigation dispute resolution i.e. settlement out of court by means of abritrase, negotiation, mediation, conciliation, expert assessment. Dispute resolution in court (litigation) is the process of dispute resolution in court all parties in dispute face each other to defend their rights in court by filing a civil lawsuit.. Based on decision number 231 / Pdt.G / 2020 / PN.Jkt.Utr legal protection provided that the parties can file a civil lawsuit to the court where the parties in dispute are PT.Indoraya Makmur Energi (Hamad Siri) as the plaintiff with Rachman Saleh (PT.Timas Merak) as the defendant in the decision of the case the judge has provided legal protection where: stating the defendant has defaulted to the plaintiff. Punish the defendant to pay the rent for the SPOB Pulomas 7 ship for 11 months starting from June 11, 2019 to May 11, 2020, which is Rp. 450,000,000 x 11 months = Rp. 4,950,000,000 (four billion nine hundred and fifty million rupiah).
Proceso de enfermería en pacientes con Choque Séptico desde la perspectiva del Déficit de Autocuidado (Caso Clínico)
Authors: Aké Canul Didier Francisco , Tun González Dallany Trinidad , Ortiz Gómez Laura Dioné , Morales Rojas Marco Esteban , Quijano Medina Aldo Emmanuel
Published: June 2023

El choque séptico es un estado de hipoperfusión tisular definido como subcategoría de la sepsis en la que las alteraciones circulatorias y del metabolismo celular pueden aumentar considerablemente la mortalidad. A nivel mundial, el choque séptico ocupa el segundo lugar como causa de muerte no coronaria en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI), con una incidencia anual del 10%, y con una mortalidad hospitalaria de 18 a 35%. Objetivo: Describir el abordaje del Proceso de Atención de Enfermería en el paciente con choque séptico y desde la perspectiva del déficit de autocuidado. Metodología: El caso clínico se fundamentó en las etapas del Proceso de Atención de Enfermería (PAE), en la Teoría Enfermera del Déficit de Autocuidado (TEDA) de Dorothea Orem y en herramientas taxonómicas para el abordaje individualizado del plan de cuidados. Resultados: Paciente de 68 años en el servicio de Cuidados Intensivos Adultos, cursa la primera hora del posoperatorio por nefrectomía izquierda secundaria a absceso perirenal, que condiciona a choque séptico. Se abordó el PAE con apoyo del TEDA siendo prioritaria la etiqueta diagnóstica disminución del gasto cardiaco. Conclusiones: La aplicación de las teorías y modelos de enfermería proporcionan un marco de referencia para otorgar cuidados de calidad en los diferentes ámbitos de desempeño, incluyendo unidades de atención de cuidados intensivos. Resulta indispensable usar la metodología del PAE que permite dar evidencia de la profesionalización del cuidado,  al usar un lenguaje técnico, con el apoyo de la Teoría de Orem y con las herramientas taxonómicas
Calidad del sueño y factores que lo alteran en los pacientes críticos en la UTI en una Institución Privada de Córdoba 2022
Authors: Tognarelli Ivana
Published: June 2023

Los pacientes enfermos que están hospitalizados tienen un desequilibrio en todas las necesidades, más si hablamos de los pacientes que se encuentra en una unidad de terapia intensiva donde el movimiento es dinámico segundo a segundo debido a la inestabilidad hemodinámica de cada paciente. Una vez que se haya estabilizado la salud del paciente orientado, aparece el déficit de poder dormir, por diversos factores que le rodea al paciente ya sea intrínsecos, lo que siente la misma persona   o ambientales propiamente de la terapia. Objetivo: determinar la calidad del sueño y los factores que lo alteran a los pacientes orientados críticos en la Unidad de Terapia Intensiva. Metodología: estudio descriptivo y transversal, como instrumento se utilizó el cuestionario de Richard Campbell que correspondía 5 preguntas sobre la calidad del sueño y la 6ta pregunta que corresponde al Cuestionario de Freedman sobre los factores que impide obtener un sueño óptimo. Resultado: Se realizó 40 entrevista a los pacientes orientado de la unidad intensiva de diferentes edades, sexo y patología. Conclusión: El sueño en los pacientes orientados en la unidad de terapia intensiva dio una mala calidad de sueño, es decir un sueño superficial con despertares intermitentes. Los pacientes que tuvieron más dificultad para conciliar el sueño son lo que sufrieron enfermedades respiratorias y oncológicas en los cuales influyo los factores intrínsecos la ansiedad y el extrínseco la postura corporal y el ruido.
Karakteristik Edible Film Aktif Berbasis Kitosan dengan Penambahan Ekstrak Daun Jati
Authors: Ramadhani Prima Dewi , Supriyadi Supriyadi , Hendrasty Henny Krissetiana , Laksana Eriva Meytara Budi , Santoso Umar
Published: June 2023

Teak tree (Tectona grandis) is a tropical tree whose wood is often used in the furniture industry, while the leaves are still underutilized. Teak leaves possess active compounds with potential to be further explored. On the other hand, currently biodegradable-based packaging is being developed to address environmental problems. For this reason, research was carried out on active edible film made from chitosan with addition of active ingredients from teak leaf extract. This study investigated the physical characteristics (color, tensile strength, elongation, solubility, cell microstructure, water vapor transmission rate) and chemical characteristics (moisture content, functional groups, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity) of active edible film made from chitosan with addition of teak leaf extract. The research consisted of three stages. The first stage included the extraction of teak leaf using ethanol and evaluation of its antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. The second stage comprised edible film preparation from chitosan at 1 and 1.5% concentrations, and teak leaf extract addition at 0, 0.1, 0.2% concentrations. The third stage was the characterization of active edible film for physical and chemical properties. The results showed that teak leaf extract had antioxidant activity as evaluated by DPPH method with IC50 value of 46.78 ppm. The teak leave extract also showed antibacterial activity on Staphylococcus aureus. The optimum condition for the production of active edible film was use of 1% chitosan and 0.2% teak leaf extract. The active edible film produced had antioxidant activity of 8.53% RSA, 30.16%, moisture content, 38.28% solubility,1.52 MPa tensile strength, 9.54% elongation, water vapor transmission rate of 3672.32 g/m2, but the film did not show inhibitory effects on S. aureus.
Fingerprinting FTIR-ATR Fraksi Kopi Robusta dan Arabika serta Korelasinya terhadap Aktivitas Antioksidan
Authors: Simatupang Masjuwina , Herawati Dian , Yuliana Nancy Dewi
Published: June 2023

Coffee has a positive effect on health due to its high content of antioxidant compounds. The potential antioxidant activity of coffee is strongly influenced by its chemical compound profile. This study aimed to analyze the effect of different solvents on the chemical metabolites profile, antioxidant activity, and to determine the relevant chemical functional groups which positively contribute to the coffee’s antioxidant activity. In this study, methanolic extract of coffee samples from robusta and arabica varieties were fractionated by liquid-liquid fractionation method using four solvents with different polarities. ABTS (2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) assays were applied to measure the antioxidant activity of the coffee fractions. Fourier Transform Infrared- Attenuated Total Reflectance (FTIR-ATR) based chemometric approach was used to identify the compound functional groups as the fingerprinting profile of the coffee fractions. Correlation between the FTIR-ATR fingerprinting with the antioxidant activity of the coffee fractions was studied using multivariate data analysis, i.e. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Orthogonal Partial Least Squares (OPLS). From this study, a reliable PCA model to evaluate the effect of different solvents to FTIR-ATR fingerprinting profile was produced. The correlation between FTIR-ATR fingerprinting profile with the antioxidant activity and the characterization of the chemical functional groups relevant to its antioxidant activity can be analyzed by a reliable OPLS model obtained. This study suggests that the highest antioxidant potential in coffee is found in ethyl acetate fraction both in robusta and arabica coffee samples, while the relevant chemical functional groups having positive correlation to antioxidant activity of coffee were phenol, carbonyl, cyclohexane, aromatic, amide, phenyl, amino, and alkene groups.
The vast relevance of applications of spatial regression models has recently captured the interest of Economics and Agriculture, in the sense of better understanding the spatial behavior of the region under study, in the different forms of approaches. It is interesting to understand why some regions show greater variability than others, and why some forms of regional development are better explained. It is up to the researcher to understand, explore, and organize a series of observations, so that it is possible to make predictions, diagnoses, and recommendations to public policy managers and regional development agents. The municipalities’ Gross Domestic Product (Gdp) has driven studies involving spatial information. The objective of this study was to analyze the Gdp of the municipalities in Paraná-Brazil, in 2018, regarding soybean yield, corn yield, pig production, and the tax on the circulation of goods, through different approaches of spatial regression models. SAR and CAR models are global models, while the GWR model is considered a local one. Three spatial analysis models were used to perform this study: Spatial Autoregressive (SAR), Conditional Autoregressive (CAR), and Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR). The results were compared using the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC), Cross-Validation Criterion (CVC), and the descriptive graphic of residual diagnoses-Worm Plot. The best result obtained was for the GWR model, which best explained the GDP of the state of Paraná-Brazil in terms of its covariates.
Authors: El Moutaouakil Khalid , Jdi Hamza , Jabir Brahim , Falih Noureddine
Published: June 2023

There is a steady increase in research on livestock monitoring systems that offer new ways to remotely track the health of the livestock, early predict the diseases that may affect them and intervene in the early stages to save the situation by monitoring the various vital biodata of the livestock, as well as monitoring their feeding and tracking their location to prevent any damage or rustling. In this context, this paper comes in order to highlight and discuss the most recently published articles that study the topic of cattle health monitoring and location tracking systems using advanced IoT sensors. In addition, the research provides a review of the most important software and dashboards available in the market that can be used for this purpose. The research constitutes a reference for researchers in this field and for those who wish to develop similar monitoring systems.
Liens sociaux, initiatives collectives et processus conflictuels : le cas des mobilisations contre la gentrification à Parc-Extension, Montréal
Authors: Guay Emanuel , Drago Alessandro Giuseppe
Published: June 2023

Notre article vise à examiner les rapports entre les liens sociaux, les initiatives collectives et les processus conflictuels à partir de deux axes principaux. Nous prêtons d’abord attention à la dimension relationnelle des initiatives collectives, en nous penchant sur trois concepts qui peuvent nous aider à mieux saisir les processus menant à la formation, la reproduction et la transformation des liens sociaux. Nous prenons ensuite en compte le rôle que les initiatives collectives peuvent jouer dans le cadre de conflits sociaux, afin de complémenter l’accent mis sur la coopération dans plusieurs travaux portant sur ces initiatives. Nous croisons ces deux axes en analysant les mobilisations contre la gentrification observées entre 2019 et 2022 dans le quartier montréalais de Parc-Extension, à partir d’une recherche ethnographique menée durant cette période avec le Comité d’action de Parc-Extension (CAPE). Notre analyse nous amène à soutenir que les initiatives collectives peuvent à la fois contribuer à la reproduction sociale dans un environnement donné, répondre à des besoins et à des aspirations collectives et augmenter la capacité d’intervention populaire dans le cadre de processus conflictuels qui visent, entre autres, à déstabiliser les élites économiques et politiques et à obtenir des concessions.
Nadie escribiendo y nadie leyendo: los generadores de texto con inteligencia artificial y la ciencia que queremos
Authors: Guersenzvaig Ariel , Sánchez Monedero Javier
Published: June 2023

Este artículo discute algunos aspectos de la utilización de generadores de texto con IA (LLM) como ChatGPT y similares para la automatización de procesos clave en las prácticas académico-científicas. Con el uso de estos sistemas como tema central, y sin intentar ser exhaustivo, el artículo ofrece una reflexión de filosofía de la ciencia y la tecnología sobre los valores intrínsecos y extrínsecos de la investigación.
A Safety Control Method of Car-Following Trajectory Planning Based on LSTM
Authors: Chen Xingyu , Bai Haijian , Ding Heng , Gao Jianshe , Huang Wenjuan
Published: June 2023

This paper focuses on the potential safety hazards of collision in car-following behaviour generated by deep learning models. Based on an intelligent LSTM model, combined with a Gipps model of safe collision avoidance, a new, Gipps-LSTM model is constructed, which can not only learn the intelligent behaviour of people but also ensure the safety of vehicles. The idea of the Gipps-LSTM model combination is as follows: the concept of a potential collision point (PCP) is introduced, and the LSTM model or Gipps model is controlled and started through a risk judgment algorithm. Dataset 1 and dataset 2 are used to train and simulate the LSTM model and Gipps-LSTM model. The simulation results show that the Gipps-LSTM can solve the problem of partial trajectory collision in the LSTM model simulation. Moreover, the risk level of all trajectories is lower than that of the LSTM model. The safety and stability of the model are verified by multi-vehicle loop simulation and multi-vehicle linear simulation. Compared with the LSTM model, the safety of the Gipps-LSTM model is improved by 42.02%, and the convergence time is reduced by 25 seconds.
[The Italian Database of Shallow Boreholes in compliance with the Governmental Law N. 464/84, an operational tool available by webservice for researchers, professionals and citizens]
Authors: Colantoni Valentino , Delogu Daniela , Gafà Rossella Maria , La Vigna Francesco , Martarelli Lucio , Monti Gennaro Maria , Silvi Angelantonio
Published: June 2023

[Article in Italian]
Naturbasert turisme som en drivkraft for beskyttelse, gjenoppbygging og bærekraftig utvikling av kystøkosystemer
Authors: Lennert Ann Eileen , Hausner Vera Helene , Heijbel Anton
Published: June 2023

Vår historie har alltid vært knyttet til kysten og havet. Norges over 100 000 km lange kystlinje med fjorder og øygrupper har formet vår kultur, identitet og samfunn langs kysten. Kystbefolkningen har over tid bygget opp en rik kunnskap og en mangefasettert forståelse av de nærliggende økosystemene og deres betydning for den lokale kulturen.
Menneskelige aktiviteter og pelagiske sjøfugler i avsidesliggende marine farvann: ute av syne, ute av sinn?
Authors: Tarroux Arnaud , Descamps Sébastien , Blanchet Marie-Anne , Fauchald Per , Boldingh Jens , Strøm Hallvard
Published: June 2023

Mange av sjøfuglbestandene verden rundt går kraftig ned, uten at vi helt forstår hvorfor. Pelagiske sjøfugler bruker store deler av livet langt ute på havet, helt ute av syne. Sporingsmetoder av både sjøfugl og menneskelige aktiviteter gjør det nå mulig å undersøke hvor og når sjøfuglene kan være mest sårbare. I prosjektet SEAstress ser vi på disse problemstillingene over hele Nord-Atlanteren.
Stress mitigation by riparian flora in industrial contaminated area of River Chenab Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Abbas Toqeer , Ahmad Iftikhar , Khan Zafar Iqbal , Shah Anis Ali , Casini Ryan , Elansary Hosam O.
Published: June 2023

Faisalabad is a major industrial area in Pakistan’s Punjab province that discharges wastewater into the Chenab River. Industrial effluents in Faisalabad are predicted to pose a significant threat to the riparian vegetation of the Chenab River and nearby vegetation. Heavy metal pollution of plants, water, and soils is one of the biggest problems worldwide that needs to be addressed because heavy metals above normal levels are extremely dangerous to both riparian vegetation and wildlife. The results indicated high levels of pollution in the industrial effluents as well as in the river in terms of salinity, metal toxicity, TSS, TDS, SAR, the acidic and alkaline nature of the industrial effluents, and the spread of industrial effluents up to 15 square kilometres in the Chenab River. Despite the higher pollution, four plants were found at all sites: Calotropis procera, Phyla nodiflora, Eclipta alba and Ranunculus sceleratus. It was found that most of the selected plants were phytoaccumulators, making them best suited to survive in harsh environments such as those with industrial pollution. The Fe concentration in the plant constituents was the highest, along with Zn, Pb, Cd, and Cu, all of which were above the permissible limits of the WHO. The metal transfer factor (MTF) was higher in most of the plants studied, and even exceeded 10 at some severely affected sites. Calotropis procera proved to be the most suitable plant for growth on drainage systems and also at river sites, as it had the highest importance value across all sites and seasons.
Hydroxyapatite/calcium alginate composite particles for hemostasis and alveolar bone regeneration in tooth extraction wounds
Authors: He Gang , Chen Zhihui , Chen Luyuan , Lin Huajun , Yu Chengcheng , Zhao Tingting , Luo Zhengwen , Zhou Yuan , Chen Siyang , Yang Tianjiao , He Guixian , Sui Wen , Hong Yonglong , Zhao Jianjiang
Published: June 2023

Tooth extractions can lead to complications such as post-extraction bleeding and bone resorption, which may result in unfavorable outcomes for implant restoration afterwards. To strive for an optimal condition for further restoration procedures, appropriate strategies, such as hemostasis or bone regeneration, are encouraged to be employed. However, the existing products are failed to meet both needs. As a widely employed tissue engineering materials, hydroxyapatite and calcium alginate both have demonstrated excellent performance in osteogenesis. However, their inferior mechanical strength poses a major limitation to their use in supporting the contracted extraction socket, which can easily lead to alveolar crest atrophy and barely achieve satisfying results. Calcium alginate improves the mechanical strength of hydroxyapatite, enabling the formation of new bone tissue and degradable in vivo. In this study, we demonstrated the biocompatibility and haemostatic ability of nCA particles on a rat tooth extraction model. In addition, long-term observation has revealed minimal inflammation and bone tissue regeneration. Our findings suggest a promising insight for clinical applications in hemostasis and bone regeneration after tooth extraction.
Arancibia, Jaime; Flores, Juan Carlos, y Gómez, Rosa Fernanda (2023) Acto y procedimiento administrativo. Análisis normativo, dogmático y jurisprudencial a veinte años de la Ley Nº 19.880
Authors: Helfmann Martini Carolina
Published: June 2023

La obra conjunta de los autores Arancibia, Flores y Gómez sobre procedimiento administrativo resulta contingente y necesaria, pues, como lo señala su título, el cuerpo normativo en comento cumple veinte años desde su dictación. Si bien no se trata de la primera obra en comentar este texto cabe destacar la oportunidad en que lo hace y su estructura simple y compacta. Por ello, es un trabajo imperdible para todos quienes quieran comprender y reflexionar en torno al desarrollo del procedimiento y actoadministrativo en los últimos veinte años, sus avances y desafíos.
Effect of Inorganic Fertilizers, FYM and Nano Urea on Soil Health, Growth and Yield of Cluster Bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) cv. HGS 563
Authors: Bhadu Amit , David Arun Alfred , Thomas Tarence , Kumar Anil , Rohitash
Published: June 2023

An experiment was conducted to study the “effect of different level of N P K, FYM and Nano urea on soil health, growth and yield of cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) cv. HGS 563” at research farm of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry. The experiment design laid out in randomized block design (RBD) with three replications. Cluster bean was taken for study with recommended doses of fertilizers (N, P2O5 and K2O @ 20, 40 and 20 kg ha-1) was applied with organic manure (FYM). The variety of cluster bean is HGS 563 was taken for research trial. Bulk density (Mg m-3) and particle density was maximum in T1 - [NPK @ 0% + NU @ 0% + FYM @ 0%] and soil pore space, water holding capacity, pH, EC, organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were recorded maximum in T9 - [NPK @ 100% + NU @ 100% + FYM @ 100%] respectively. In treatment T9 the highest pod yield of Cluster bean 55.12 q ha-1 was obtained with C:B ratio of 1:2.48. Excessive nitrogen leaching can deplete the available nitrogen in the soil, leading to inadequate nutrient levels for crops. This can result in reduced crop productivity, stunted growth, and lower yields. To solve this problem of farmers that are facing leaching of Nitrogen due to direct apply of inorganic fertilizers in granule form for that use of Nano Urea can help in reducing leaching and get maximum yield. Use of different level of Nano Urea on crop and analyzing the effect of nano urea on soil physical as well as chemical properties of soil.
Social Cultural Norms Associated with Early Marriages among Adolescents: Case Study of Chadiza District, Eastern Province of Zambia
Authors: Daka Charity , Kalinda Roy , Thankain Kusanthan
Published: June 2023

Zambia is ranked 16th among countries with the highest rate of child marriage in the world. According to some studies conducted, child marriage rates in the country stand at 42 per cent of women aged between 20 and 24 years married by the attainment of the age of 18 years old. The main objective of this study was to investigate social cultural norms associated with sexuality and child marriages among adolescents in Chadiza district, Eastern province of Zambia. The mixed method design both quantitative and qualitative was used because it provides the researcher with a more comprehensive view of the phenomena being studied in this case, social cultural norms associated with sexuality and child marriages. A Systematic sampling technique was used where every third household was selected for inclusion in the study sample and 150 respondents from which 100 girls and 50 boys were selected by applying a fixed interval. The study findings indicated that most cultural practices in the study area especially initiation ceremonies provoked a girl child to opt for an early sexual debut and early marriage. On the age at first sexual debut, results showed that the minimum age to engage in sexual intercourse by the respondents was 12 years while the maximum age was 22 years for both genders. The study further unearthed the reality that girls’ initiation ceremonies exposed most girls to risk behaviours. After graduating from initiation ceremonies girls wanted to experiment whether they were really sexually able to handle any man since that is what they were taught in their initiation ceremonies a situation which led to early sexual debut among young girls and subsequently to early or teenage pregnancies and early marriages. The study recommends that the Zambian government through the responsible Ministry should regulate initiation ceremonies that pass on bad cultural practices to the adolescents and girls in particular. While appreciating the role initiation ceremonies play in preparing the adolescents for adult responsibilities, there is need to restructure the curriculum for initiation ceremonies to include sexual reproductive health rights and responsibilities.
Creatıng Antalya Drought Maps and Assocıatıng It Wıth Agrıcultural Lands
Authors: Erkul Ş. N. , Altunbaş S.
Published: June 2023

Aims: Drought is described as an insidious disaster that threatens a significant part of the world, including our country, in recent years. This study was carried out in order to examine the drought in depth and to associate it with Antalya agriculture.

Study Design: Drought is one of the most dangerous natural disasters in terms of both the damage it will cause and the lack of awareness on this issue. Decreased water potential as a result of climate change due to global warming necessitates effective use of water resources. With this study, the drought situation in agricultural lands, which is one of the most important livelihoods of Antalya, was studied.

Place and Duration of Study: The study area covers the province of Antalya and its districts. The project was completed between 2021 and 2022.

Methodology: With this study, the drought situation of Antalya province was determined and mapped on the basis of districts with the Standard Precipitation Index (SPI), De Martonne Drought Index, Percent of Normal Index (PNI), Erinç Method, Aydeniz Method and NDVI methods.

Results: Upon calculating each drought method in the area, some differences were observed. This study aimed to address this issue by conducting separate analyses for each district of Antalya province using internationally recognized meteorological and agricultural drought methods based on meteorological data. The results of each analysis were evaluated separately to provide a comprehensive understanding of the drought situation in the region.

Conclusion: (Wild irrigation) Drip irrigation methods should be preferred instead of wild irrigation. In regions where the risk of drought is high or likely to occur in the near future, it is important to select drought-resistant plant patterns and gradually replace varieties and species that consume excessive amounts of water with drought-resistant ones.
Cost-Benefit Analysis of Sesame Production under Improved and Traditional/ Farmer’s Practice/ in Kafta-humera, Tigray Region, Ethiopia
Authors: Gebre Yemane Hailu , Kahsay Tewoderos Meleaku
Published: June 2023

This study aimed to investigate the cost-benefit of sesame production per hectare under improved and (traditional sesame production) farmer's practice. The primary data were collected from the sesame farmers who cultivate both improved and traditional sesame production (plot with improved sesame agronomic technologies on one side and farmers practice on the other side) were selected randomly from the participants of households on the cluster-based large scale demonstration of sesame production during 2019 in kafta-humera district, Western Zone of Tigray, Ethiopia. The study found that farmers were able to generate an average gross income of Ethiopian Birr (ETB) 28997 per hectare (ha) from the improved sesame production, whereas, ETB 19215.21 per ha from their practice, respectively. The average cost of cultivation for improved sesame production was ETB 11857.89 ha and ETB 9259.63 per ha under (traditional sesame production) farmers practice. Therefore, the net profit of sesame production under improved and traditional sesame production was ETB 17139.69 and ETB 9955.58 respectively. This implied that farmers could earn an additional net income of 7184.11 per ha by practicing the recommended sesame technologies. This shows that although the net profit under the improved production system was higher than traditional/farmers practice, higher costs of production were also recorded in improved sesame production than traditional /farmers practice as farmers spend a lot of money on sesame cultivation especially weeding and harvesting. Hence, the government and private sectors should give more emphasis to introduce mechanized row planter, captivators, and combined harvester machines to reduce labor costs especially when the cost of labor is high. Moreover, the price of sesame seed was lower than the previous three-four years. Hence, agricultural economists should consider setting up a sesame price policy to help farmers to gain more profit from selling sesame.
Perceptions of Clinical Connectedness Among Hospital Environmental Service Workers
Authors: Allis Nicholas , Chen Zhi , Jones Leah G. , Kohanski Timothy , Suttmore Zane , Turnquest Samantha , Appiah-Asare Joyce , Appiah-Asare Stephen , Battle Kendell , Frayer Terry , Gilkey Fateen , Jones Sherry D. , Little Kelvin , Murphy Susan , Robinson Michelle , Rouse Anita , Rupert Jason , Salawu Moustapha , Osiv Zoreslava , Rosas Scott , Stewart Telisa
Published: January 2025

Importance

Environmental service workers (ESWs) have a critical role within the hospital infrastructure and are at the frontline of infection prevention. ESWs are highly trained in managing all forms of regulated waste, which includes biohazardous waste, and are responsible for the overall patient experience, janitorial work, and infection prevention. Without environmental services, patients have a 6 times greater risk of being infected by pathogens from patients who previously occupied their room.

Objective

To understand how ESWs felt proud, connected, and not connected to their hospital-based clinical teams.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This qualitative study included 10 ESWs who were members of clinical care teams at a medical university hospital in upstate New York. Data were collected from February to May 2024.

Main Outcome and Measures

Participants were asked to take pictures and write vignettes about what makes them feel proud of their work, how they feel connected to their clinical team, and how they feel disconnected from their clinical team.

Results

This study included 10 participants (5 males [50%]; 10 non-Hispanic Black or African American individuals [100%]; mean [range] age, 53 [38-66] years; 8 were high school graduates or had some college credit [80%]). When asked about their feeling of pride, participants expressed maintaining a clean space, having meaningful relationships, and helping others as generating a sense of pride. Participants’ feelings of disconnectedness were felt by their colleagues not following the rules set in place. In addition, participants reported feeling invisible, not listened to, unappreciated, and undervalued. Participants felt connected to their clinical teams by feeling a sense of community, having valuable relationships, and being able to communicate with members of the clinical team. Additionally, participants expressed a collective desire to be acknowledged, recognized, and treated as equals on the clinical team.

Conclusions and Relevance

The study found that ESWs identified feeling both connected to and disconnected from their clinical teams. Based on these results, hospital infrastructure and leadership should continue to exhaust all efforts to explore work experiences of ESWs to improve job retention, morale, satisfaction, overall clinical teamwork, and comradery.
Iron‐Catalyzed Reductive Deoxygenation of Nitroarenes to Access N‐Heterocycles
Authors: Lin Ziyi , Zhang Ruichen , Huang Hong , Guo Bohao , Xian Pengjie , Qiao Chang , Feng Zhang
Published: January 2025

Herein, we present the example of iron‐catalyzed reductive amination of nitroarenes under the iron/borane system, providing diverse N‐heterocycles in moderate to good yields. This transformation has high efficiency, broad substrate scope, and good functional group compatibility. Preliminary mechanistic studies indicate that hydroxylamines derived from nitrosoarenes may serve as crucial intermediates rather than anilines, and free organic radicals may not participate in the catalytic cycle.
Scale‐Up of Human Amniotic Epithelial Cells Through Regulation of Epithelial‐Mesenchymal Plasticity Under Defined Conditions
Authors: Hao Wangping , Luo Yi , Tian Jia , Lu Yuefeng , Cui Yangyang , Zhang Ying , Jin Xiao , Ye Hongjuan , Lu Mengqi , Song Jinjia , Zhou Weiqing , Zhang Wencheng , He Zhiying
Published: January 2025

Human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs) have shown excellent efficacy in clinical research and have prospective applications in the treatment of many diseases. However, the properties of the hAECs and their proliferative mechanisms remain unclear. Here, single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) is performed on hAECs obtained from amniotic tissues at different gestational ages and passages during in vitro culture. The results showed that the proliferation of hAECs is associated with epithelial‐mesenchymal plasticity (EMP) during amniogenesis. Freshly isolated, full‐term hAECs are identified as mature epithelial cells. Once cultured in vitro, they are observed to rapidly undergo epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) and enter a partial epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (pEMT) state to regain their EMP properties and proliferation capacities. With the continuous development of EMT, hAECs eventually enter a senescent state. The addition of SB431542 and microcarrier screening enabled the effective 3D expansion of hAECs by 50 fold while maintaining the EMP status in hAECs for further proliferation. This study not only elucidated the central proliferation mechanism of hAECs during development and expansion but also optimized the in vitro culture system so that it is sufficient to generate hAECs for 50 patients from a single donor amniotic membrane.
Bacteroides Fragilis Transplantation Reverses Reproductive Senescence by Transporting Extracellular Vesicles Through the Gut‐Ovary Axis
Authors: Xiong Yan , Lu Xiaoxue , Li Bohao , Xu Shiyao , Fu Beibei , Sha Zhou , Tian Rong , Yao Rui , Li Qian , Yan Jingmin , Guo Dong , Cong Zixuan , Du Yongliang , Lin Xiaoyuan , Wu Haibo
Published: January 2025

The diverse and dynamic population of microorganisms present in the gut microbiota may affect host health. There are evidences to support the role of gut microbiota as a key player in reproductive development. Unfortunately, the relationship between reproductive disorders caused by aging and gut microbiota remains largely unknown. Here, it is shown for the first time that gut microorganism Bacteroides fragilis (BF) transplantation ameliorates ovarian aging by transporting extracellular vesicles (EVs) through the gut‐ovary axis. Mechanistically, miR‐1246 is enriched in EVs derived from BF‐treated intestinal cells, and these miR‐1246‐enriched EVs are transferred to ovaries, thereby effectively improving reproductive senescence by reducing oxidative stress in the ovaries. Specifically, miR‐1246 reduces the ubiquitination of p62 and stabilizes the protein level of p62 by targeting E3 ligase SKP2. Then Keap1‐Nrf2 complex is dissociated and Keap1 is recruited to form the p62‐Keap1 complex. With the dissociation of Keap1‐Nrf2 complex, Nrf2 is released and activated, thus promoting the transcription of antioxidant enzymes and relieving reproductive senescence. Collectively, the data indicates that intestinal cell‐derived EVs serve as natural information carriers in the crosstalk between the gut and the ovary, and intestinal microorganism transplantation is a promising approach for the treatment of ovarian dysfunction diseases.
An Albumin‐Photosensitizer Supramolecular Assembly with Type I ROS‐Induced Multifaceted Tumor Cell Deaths for Photodynamic Immunotherapy
Authors: Zhang Jingtian , Jiao Di , Qi Xinwen , Zhang Yufan , Liu Xiaoang , Pan Tengwu , Gao Heqi , Liu Zhaoyun , Ding Dan , Feng Guangxue
Published: January 2025

Photodynamic therapy holds great potentials in cancer treatment, yet its effectiveness in hypoxic solid tumor is limited by the oxygen‐dependence and insufficient oxidative potential of conventional type II reactive oxygen species (ROS). Herein, the study reports a supramolecular photosensitizer, BSA@TPE‐BT‐SCT NPs, through encapsulating aggregation‐enhanced emission photosensitizer by bovine serum albumin (BSA) to significantly enhance ROS, particularly less oxygen‐dependent type I ROS for photodynamic immunotherapy. The abundant type I ROS generated by BSA@TPE‐BT‐SCT NPs induce multiple forms of programmed cell death, including apoptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis. These multifaceted cell deaths synergistically facilitate the release of damage‐associated molecular patterns and antitumor cytokines, thereby provoking robust antitumor immunity. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments confirmed that BSA@TPE‐BT‐SCT NPs elicited the immunogenic cell death, enhance dendritic cell maturation, activate T cell, and reduce myeloid‐derived suppressor cells, leading to the inhibition of both primary and distant tumors. Additionally, BSA@TPE‐BT‐SCP NPs also exhibited excellent antitumor performance in a humanized mice model, evidenced by a reduction in senescent T cells among these activated T cells. The findings advance the development of robust type I photosensitizers and unveil the important role of type I ROS in enhancing multifaceted tumor cell deaths and antitumor immunogenicity.
Liver‐Secreted Extracellular Vesicles Promote Cirrhosis‐Associated Skeletal Muscle Injury Through mtDNA‐cGAS/STING Axis
Authors: Fan Xiaoli , Peng Yunke , Li Bo , Wang Xiaoze , Liu Yifeng , Shen Yi , Liu Guofeng , Zheng Yanyi , Deng Qiaoyu , Liu Jingping , Yang Li
Published: January 2025

Skeletal muscle atrophy (sarcopenia) is a serious complication of liver cirrhosis, and chronic muscle inflammation plays a pivotal role in its pathologenesis. However, the detailed mechanism through which injured liver tissues mediate skeletal muscle inflammatory injury remains elusive. Here, it is reported that injured hepatocytes might secrete mtDNA‐enriched extracellular vesicles (EVs) to trigger skeletal muscle inflammation by activating the cGAS‐STING pathway. Briefly, injured liver secreted increased amounts of EVs into circulation, which are then engulfed primarily by macrophages in skeletal muscle and subsequently induce cGAS‐STING signaling and its‐mediated inflammatory response in muscles. In contrast, suppression of hepatic EV secretion or STING signaling significantly alleviated cirrhosis‐induced skeletal muscle inflammation and muscle atrophy in vivo. Circulating EVs from cirrhotic patients showed higher levels of mtDNA, and the levels of EV‐mtDNA positively correlated with the severity of liver injury. In injured hepatocytes, mitochondrial damage promoted the release of cytosolic mtDNA and the subsequent secretion of mtDNA‐enriched EVs. This study reveals that injured hepatocyte‐derived EVs induce skeletal muscle inflammation via the mtDNA‒STING axis, while targeted blockade of liver EV secretion or STING signaling represents a potential therapeutic approach for preventing cirrhosis‐associated skeletal muscle atrophy.
Spatiotemporal Dynamic Immunomodulation by Infection‐Mimicking Gels Enhances Broad and Durable Protective Immunity Against Heterologous Viruses
Authors: Jin Seung Mo , Cho Ju Hee , Seong Yebin , Chathuranga Wijesinghe Arachchilage Gayan , Gwak Yejin , Noh Young‐Woock , Lee Min‐Ho , Oh Sang‐Seok , Choi Jin‐Ho , Lee Jong‐Soo , Lim Yong Taik
Published: January 2025

Despite their safety and widespread use, conventional protein antigen‐based subunit vaccines face significant challenges such as low immunogenicity, insufficient long‐term immunity, poor CD8+ T‐cell activation, and poor adaptation to viral variants. To address these issues, an infection‐mimicking gel (IM‐Gel) is developed that is designed to emulate the spatiotemporal dynamics of immune stimulation in acute viral infections through in situ supramolecular self‐assembly of nanoparticulate‐TLR7/8a (NP‐TLR7/8a) and an antigen with tannic acid (TA). Through collagen‐binding properties of TA, the IM‐Gel enables sustained delivery and enhanced retention of NP‐TLR7/8a and protein antigen in the lymph node subcapsular sinus of mice for over 7 days, prolonging the exposure of vaccine components in both B cell and T cell zones, leading to robust humoral and cellular responses. The IM‐Gel system with the influenza A antigen confers cross‐protection against multiple influenza subtypes (H1N1, H5N2, H3N2, H7N3, and H9N2) with long‐term immune responses. Combination of the IM‐Gel with the SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein also elicits strong cross‐reactive antibody responses against multiple SARS‐CoV‐2 variants (Alpha, Beta, NY510+D614G, Gamma, Kappa, and Delta). The IM‐Gel, as a programmable immunomodulatory material, provides a vaccine design principle for the development of next‐generation universal vaccines that can elicit broad and durable protective immunity against emerging viruses.