bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE INFLUENCE OF SHARIA, SUKUK AND SHARIA MUTUAL FUNDS TO NATIONAL ECONOMIC GROWTH YEAR 2011-2019
Authors: Luqman Luqman
Published: July 2021

This research aims to test and analyze the influence of sharia stocks, Sukuk, and sharia funds against national economic growth. This type of research is associative with a quantitative approach. The data used in this research is secondary data obtained from the report of the stock value of Sharia, sukuk and sharia funds published in the Financial Services Authority (OJK) and the Indonesian economic growth publication data from the central statistic (BPS) period 2011 to 2019. The sampling technique used is the Probability Sampling method, which is to fetch the quarterly data from the years 2011 to 2019 which results in a sample of 32 samples. Data analysis is done by using statistics with SPSS tools. Based on the results of data analysis by using test-T is known that partial shares of Sharia and sukuk influential significant and positive to the growth of national economic and sharia funds partially no significant effect on national economic growth. While based on the results of data analysis using Uji-F is known that simultaneously shares of Sharia, sukuk, and sharia funds have a significant and positive influence on national economic growth.
SettingsTOPICAL APPLICATION OF TERMINALIA CHEBULA CREAM INHIBITS ULTRAVIOLET-B-INDUCED PSORIASIS IN RATS
Authors: Pai Aruna , Rao Jvln Seshagiri , Rajendra Madhu , Jain Ashish
Published: July 2021

Introduction: The present study aims at evaluating anti oxidant activity and inhibition of topical application of Terminalia chebula cream inultraviolet –B-induced psoriasis in rats.Materials and Methods: The seeds of Terminalia chebula were dried and powder was extracted with chloroform, ethyl acetate, ethanol,methanol, and deionized water by cold maceration method. Total phenolic content, total tannin content and total triterpenoid content wasdetermined by different methods. Anti oxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH method and reducing power assay. Cream formulation of theoptimized extract was prepared by hot fusion method. Psoriasis was induced by irradiatiating for 30 min at a vertical distance of 20 cm withUV light (385 nm) on the skin. Severity index, hydroxyproline content and epidermal thickness was determined.Results: Total Phenol (mg gallic acid/ g) content, Total Tannins (mg catechin/ g) content and Total triterpenoid (mg ursolic acid/ g) contentwas found to be significant for water extract.The reducing ability of water extract was always higher than methanol extract at all theconcentrations.Conclusion: We concluded that cream containing 0.1% water extract of Terminalia chebula seeds possess antioxidant activity along withpotent antipsoriatic activity. Further, the application of Terminalia chebula cream resulted in decrease in relative epidermal thickness of animalskin as well as other histopathological features. The present investigation aims at the development of potent phytomedicine for treatment ofpsoriasis from the Terminalia chebula plant.
INFLUENCE OF BOOR GENOTYPE ON HEMATOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL INDICATORS OF BLOOD IN HYBRID PIGS
Authors: Chernev І. F.
Published: July 2021

Purpose of research: In the process of growth and development of pigs, to study the hematological and biochemical parameters of the blood of young pigs obtained by combining two breed sows with purebred and hybrid boars.

Material and research methods. The studies were carried out at the State Agrarian University of Moldova and at the pork production enterprise "SC Agroseminvest SRL".

To achieve the goal, the research material was two breed sows large white x Landrace (maternal form) and purebred and hybrid boars: I-pietrain; II-large white x landrace x pietrain; III-(large white x landrace x pietrain) x pietrain; IV-duroc; V-pietrain x duroc, (paternal form). In order to determine the influence of hybrid boars on the growth and development of the offspring, five experimental groups were formed according to the principle of analogs of 6 sows and 30 heads of young animals (15 pigs and 15 castrates).

Research results .The data obtained indicate an insignificant increase in the hemoglobin content in group I in comparison with group V animals with a moderate significance of the difference, which was 4 g/l (B ≥ 0.95). Consequently, in groups where meat breeds Pietrain and Duroc were used in various combinations, the hemoglobin content was higher. The best results in terms of the content of erythrocytes were obtained in groups III and V, respectively 7.61 x 1012 и and 7.59 x 1012, and a significant difference was established between groups III and IV (B ≥ 0.99), while in the second group the content of erythrocytes was 0.39 lower than in group III (7.22 x 10¹²). Reliable data on the ALT content were obtained between young pigs of groups I and V (B ≥ 0.95). Some tendencies towards a higher content of AST in the second group have been established. The blood glucose level in hybrid young animals in different combination combinations ranged from 5.68 mmol/l (group I) to 6.19 (group II), and the calcium level from 2.55 mmol/l (group III) to 2.81 mmol/l (group II) with a moderate tendency to increase these indicators in group II.

Conclusions:

A higher hemoglobin content was found in the I group of animals in comparison with the V group with a moderate significance of the difference, which was 4 g/l (B ≥ 0.95). A significant difference was established between groups III and IV (B ≥ 0.99).

A higher content of protein in the blood is found in groups I–II, and is more than 89 g/l.

In hybrid young animals, the glucose level in different combination combinations ranged from 5.68 mmol/l (group I) to 6.19 (group II), and the calcium level from 2.55 mmol/l (group III) to 2.81 mmol/l (Group II) with a moderate tendency to an increase in these indicators in group II.
Recurrent catamenial tension pneumothorax in a patient with endometriosis
Authors:   B.V. Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, Moscow, Kazaryan G.A. , Bazarov D.V. ,   B.V. Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, Moscow, Grigorchuk A.Yu. ,   B.V. Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, Moscow, Kazaryan A.A. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University), Moscow, Savina V. Yu. ,   B.V. Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, Moscow, Levakov S.A. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University), Moscow, Paukov S.V. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University), Moscow, Mamedova A.E. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University), Moscow, Azadova G.Ya. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University), Moscow
Published: July 2021

Catamenial pneumothorax is a rare cause of spontaneous pneumothorax in women of reproductive age and one of the thoracic endometriosis manifestations. Researchers have shown an increased interest in catamenial pneumothorax but a clear treatment strategy for this pathology has not been developed yet. The thoracoscopic revision of the pleural cavity, as well as the identification and subsequent histological verification of ectopic endometriosis foci, play a crucial role in patient management. This case report describes the successful treat-ment of a patient with recurrent catamenial tension pneumothorax and following multidisciplinary analysis. Keywords: catamenial pneumothorax, thoracic endometriosis, histological examination
Public Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice toward COVID-19 Prevention: a Literature Review
Authors: Setiawati Estriana Murni
Published: July 2021

This study aims to review the public knowledge, attitude, and practice toward COVID-19 prevention. Pubmed, Ebscho, and Google Scholar database were used as Data sources of this review. PICOST problem analysis guide was applied to find good journals. The journals used in this study were published between 2020 and 2021. Overall of the public knowledge, attitude, and practice toward COVID-19 prevention were varied and synthesized. Â Articlesâ€™ comparisons were complicated because the knowledge, attitude, and practice results were used at various formulas. A more direct intervention is needed to enhance public knowledge, attitude, and practice toward COVID-19 Prevention. Increasing and maintaining good public knowledge, attitude, and practice toward COVID-19 prevention are crucial to cut off the spread of COVID-19.Keywords: Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, and COVID-19 prevention
Pengaruh Baby Spa dan Baby Massage Terhadap Tumbuh Kembang Bayi
Authors: Jayatmi Irma , Fatimah Jesy
Published: July 2021

Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui perbedaan baby spa dan baby massage terhadap tumbuh kembang bayi usia 6-12 bulan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan sampel berjumlah 20 bayi terdiri dari 10 bayi kelompok baby spa dan 10 bayi kelompok baby massage. Pengukuran pertumbuhan berdasarkan berat badan dan panjang badan sedangkan pemantauan perkembangan menggunakan Kuesioner Pra Skrining Perkembangan (KPSP). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa beda rata-rata berat badan setelah baby massage didapatkan hasil 9,020 gram dan setelah baby spaÂ  didapatkan 10,580 gram dengan p value 0,002 < 0,05, sedangkan beda rata-rata panjang badan setelah baby massage adalah 74,90 cm dan setelah baby spaÂ  adalah 78,80 gram dengan p value 0,017 dan rataâ€“rata perkembangan pada kelompok baby massage 8,95 lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan kelompok baby spa sebesar 12,05, nilai p value sebesar 0,121 < 0,05.
An effect of green energy utilization on Industrial development in India
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Guru Gobind Singh College of Engineering and Research Centre, Nashik, India, Patil Sandip , Dhande Ketan ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Guru Gobind Singh College of Engineering and Research Centre, Nashik, India
Published: July 2021

India is a developing country, with a population of about 1,387,297,452. India requires a lot of energy both for development and running all its systems smoothly. Most of the energy consumed in India is in electrical form. The electrical energy consumption of India is around 1,137.00 billion kWh of electric energy per year. When counted per person, this energy comes to an average of around 841 kWh. When looking at the tactical data given out by the Indian government, 80% of the total electrical energy is produced using fossil fuels, even though there is a lot of abundant availability of renewable energy here in India. This paper studies the various renewable energy sources currently utilized in various sectors in India. This paper looks at the effect of technical efficiency gains on energy use in industrial, agricultural, and other sectors in India, at varying levels of aggregation. This paper gives the present status of energy sources and utilization areas. Although around 80% of the average temperature zone is available in the Indian subcontinent, the electrical energy produced in India via solar energy is less than around 1.3% of total consumption. India currently produces 63.730 GW, which is very less when compared to the total energy required. Similarly, India produces 32 GW of electrical energy from the wind sector, which is very little compared to the total energy consumption.
Lilial (butylphényl méthylpropional)de la Chimie vers l’odeur,Synthèse et Problématique Sanitaire
Authors: Labidi Aymen
Published: July 2021

La parfumerie moderne naît à la fin du 19me siècle. À cette époque, les parfumeurs commencent à incorporer dans leursformules des ingrédients de synthèse, ce qui amplifie la palette du professionnel, lui offrant plus de créativité. Cela permet égalementd’obtenir des formes olfactives plus abstraites. Les chimistes sont aujourd’hui capables d’isoler des composés aromatiques présents dansune matière première naturelle, de les purifier et d’obtenir la structure moléculaire de celle-ci. Une fois cette structure identifiée, lespécialiste pourra, à l’aide de la chimie organique, recomposer les molécules.Grâce à l’innovation et la recherche, le chimiste est désormaiscapable de fabriquer autant de molécules qu’il le souhaite, à volonté. Pourtant, même si ce jeu de construction parait plutôt aisé à vuede nez, il est loin d’être aussi facile de prévoir l’odeur d’une molécule. Cependant, il serait erroné de penser que la chimie n’a que dubon. Aujourd’hui lorsque l’on sait que le synthétique représente, selon diverses sources, entre 50 % et 90 % de la formulation en général,on peut légitimement se poser des questions. Avons-nous trop conquis le continent artificiel. La chimie est là pour soutenir le naturel,acceptons-nous d’altérer notre santé au profit d’une ordeur qui pourrait nuire à notre bien-être ?
TUGAS JURNAL NUR ANNISA SAFITRI
Authors: Safitri Nur Annisa
Published: July 2021

Konstitusimerupakanhukum tertinggidarisuatunegaraIndonesiamempunyaiUndang- UndangDasarNegaraRepublikIndonesiaTahun1945sebagaikonstitusitertulisnegara.Dalam kewenangannyaMahkamahKonsititusihanyaberwenanguntukmenyatakansebuahundang- u n d a n g b e rte n ta n g a n a ta u tid a k d e n g a n U n d a n g -U n d a n g D a s a r N e g a ra R e p u b lik In d o n e s ia Tahun1945,namundalam perkembangannyaputusanMahkamahKonstitusiperihalpengujian undang-undang terhadap Undang-Undang DasarRepublik Indonesia tahun 1945 tersebut, Mahkamah Konstitusimemberikan sebuah rumusan norma baru agarundang-undang yang bersangkutandipandangkonstitusionalataupuntidakkonstitusional,putusantersebutdikenal dengan putusan konstitusionalbersyaratdan putusan konstitusionaltidak bersyaratyang menyebabkansebuahrumusannormadalam pasalyangdiberisyarattersebutrumusannya berbedadenganrumusanpasalyangsebelumnya,sementarakewenanganperumusannorma sebuahundang-undangmelekatpadabadanpembentukundang-undangyaitulegislative.Halini d ia n g g a p s e b a g a p in tu m a s u k b a g i M a h k a m a h K o n s titu s i u n tu k m e la n g k a h i “k e w e n a n g a n ” badanlegislatif.
FINAL EKONOMI SYARIAH_AULIA ANANDA PUTRI_90500120042
Authors: putri Aulia ananda
Published: July 2021

Artikel ini berisi tentang pasar modal yang berlandaskan syariah Islam, yang berkaitan tentang : Upaya untuk mendeskripskian secara analitis saham terbatas dan pasar modal secara syariah pespektif. Pasar modal yaitu salah satu alternatif sumber pendanaan bagi perusahaan sekaligus sebagai sarana investasi bagi pemodal. Implementasi dari hal tersebut adalah perusahaan dapat memperoleh pendanaan melalui penerbitan efek yang bersifat ekuitas atatu surat utang. Disamping itu pemodal juga dapat melakukan investasi di pasar modal dengan membeli bagian-bagian tersebut. Oleh karna itu,tulisan ini mencoba menguraiakan implementasinya di sektor keuangan di negara-negara Islam,ini menelusuri sejarah perkembangan saham dan pasar modal.
Aliran-Aliran dalam Filsafat Ilmu
Authors: Dasrimin Henderikus
Published: July 2021

Sebagai bagian dari filsafat, filsafat ilmu memiliki beberapa aliran, di antaranya adalah materialisme, dualisme atau realisme, empirisme, rasionalisme, positivism, kritisisme, idealisme, renaissance, eksistensialisme, fenomenologi, pragmatisme dan progresivisme. Artikel ini akan membahas tentang aliran-aliran tersebut. Dengan mengetahui aliran dan pengikutnya maka akan mudah bagi kita untuk menetapkan pemikiran filsafat yang ada. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi literatur.
Aulia ananda Putri (90500120042)
Authors: putri Aulia ananda
Published: July 2021

Artikel ini berisi tentang pasar modal yang berlandaskan syariah Islam, yang berkaitan tentang : Upaya untuk mendeskripskian secara analitis saham terbatas dan pasar modal secara syariah pespektif. Pasar modal merupakan salah satu alternatif sumber pendanaan bagi perusahaan sekaligus sebagai sarana investasi bagi para pemodal. Implementasi dari hal tersebut adalah perusahaan dapat memperoleh pendanaan melalui penerbitan efek yang bersifat ekuitas atatu surat utang. Pada sisi lain, pemodal juga dapat melakukan investasi di pasar modal dengan membeli efek-efek tersebut. Oleh karna itu,tulisan ini mencoba menguraiakan implementasinya di sektor keuangan di negara-negara Islam,ini menelusuri sejarah perkembangan saham dan pasar modal
PERSEROAN TERBATAS SYARIAH: KONSEP DAN LEGALITASNYA PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: YULANDA ANDI RESVINA
Published: July 2021

catatan terkait dengan penyiapan naskah bibligrafi beranotasi HMI. 75 Tahun HMI.
Jurnal syaiful akbar
Authors: ALAMSYAH
Published: July 2021

Pemasukan Pemilihan Kepala Daerah dalam rezim Pemilihan Umum sehingga menjadiPemilihan Umum Kepala Daerah dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 15 Tahun 2011 tentangPenyelenggaraan Pemilihan Umum adalah bertentangan dengan Pasal 22E ayat (2)Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945.
Deficient synthesis of melatonin in COVID-19 can impair the resistance of coronavirus patients to mucormycosis
Authors: Sen Amarnath
Published: July 2021

Though it is thought that uncontrolled diabetes and the excessive use of corticosteroids are responsible for COVID-19 associated mucormycosis (CAM), researchers are on the lookout for additional reasons to explain the recent spurt of CAM in India. In the present paper it is argued that melatonin deficiency in COVID-19 plays a major role in CAM. Incidentally, melatonin is synthesized from tryptophan via the serotonin pathway and melatonin deficiency in COVID-19 arises from the faulty absorption of tryptophan from the food because SARS-COV-2 downregulates angiotensin-converting enzyme-2, which is the chaperone of the transporter of tryptophan, a key component in the process of uptake of tryptophan. The melatonin deficiency enhances the fungal virulence by facilitating iron acquisition and by promoting morphological transition of the mucor species from the yeast to the virulent hyphal form. Additionally, melatonin deficiency aggravates the suppression of T-cell immunity in the patients receiving steroids. Hence, the restoration of melatonin level should resolve the issues and help in defeating CAM, given the fact that melatonin is an iron chelator, inhibitor of myeloperoxidase, inhibitor of ferroptosis and pyroptosis and calmodulin blocker. Also, by lowering the expression of glucose-regulated protein-78, melatonin can further increase the resistance of diabetic patients to mucormycosis. Hence, clinical trials should be carried out to ascertain how tryptophan supplementation, administration of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (to increase serotonin, the precursor of melatonin), and exogenous melatonin help in correcting the melatonin deficiency and eliminating or reducing the propensity of the patients to CAM.
Jurnal indah Sari B
Authors: sari Indah
Published: July 2021

Warga negara merupakan salah satu unsur dari negara yang harus di penuhi untuk bisa di sebut sebagai sebuah negara
The Development of a Self-Report Scale to Assess Therapists’ Acceptance of Online Psychotherapy via Video Conferencing
Authors: Bekes Vera , Doorn Katie Aafjes-van , McCollum James Joseph , Prout Tracy R. , Hoffman Leon
Published: July 2021

Objective: We aimed to develop a self-report measure of therapist acceptance of online therapy via videoconferencing based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) framework. Method: Using a cross-sectional survey design, 1,265 therapists completed the UTAUT-T, as well as additional questions. Results: Confirmatory analysis indicated that the original UTAUT model did not fit the therapist context well. Exploratory factor analysis specified a better-fitting five-factor model (Therapy Quality Expectation, Pressure from Others, Ease of Use, Professional Support, Convenience), which showed good internal validity. Of the five factors, four predicted intention to use online therapy in the future. Conclusion: The 21-item UTAUT-T offers a promising self-report measure of therapist acceptance of online therapy and intention towards using it in the future, which, in turn are likely to predict actual future use outside the pandemic context. Future studies on the convergent and predictive validity of the UTAUT-T are warranted.
Why is the perceptual octave stretched? An account based on mismatched time constants within the auditory brainstem
Authors: de Cheveigné Alain
Published: July 2021

This paper suggests an explanation for listener’s greater tolerance to positive than negative mistuning of the higher tone within an octave pair. It hypothesizes a neu- ral circuit tuned to cancel the lower tone, that also cancels the higher tone if that tone is in tune. Imperfect cancellation is the cue to mistuning of the octave. The circuit involves two pathways, one delayed with respect to the other, that feed a coincidence-counting neuron via excitatory and inhibitory synapses. A mismatch between the time constants of these two synapses results in an asymmetry in sen- sitivity to mismatch. Specifically, if the time constant of the delayed pathway is greater than that of the direct pathway, there is a greater tolerance to positive than to negative mistuning, which can lead to a perceptual“stretch” of the octave. The model is applicable to both harmonic and – with qualification – melodic oc- taves. The paper describes the model and reviews the evidence from auditory psychophysics and physiology in favor – or against – it.
Cognitive Diagnosis Modelling Incorporating Response Times and Fixation Counts: Providing Comprehensive Feedback and Accurate Diagnosis
Authors: Zhan Peida , Man Kaiwen , Malone Jonathan
Published: July 2021

Respondents' problem-solving behaviors comprise behaviors that represent complicated cognitive processes that are frequently systematically tied to one another. Biometric data, such as visual fixation counts (FCs), an important eye-tracking indicator, can be combined with other types of variables reflecting different aspects of problem-solving behavior to quantify this variability in problem-solving behavior. To provide comprehensive feedback and accurate diagnosis when using such multimodal data, the present study proposes a multimodal joint cognitive diagnosis model, accounting for latent attributes, latent ability, processing speed, and visual engagement by including three modals of data simultaneously: response accuracy, response times, and FCs. A set of simulated data is used to test the feasibility of the proposed model. The findings suggest that additionally using FCs could increase the comprehensiveness of feedback on problem-solving-related cognitive characteristics (e.g., cognitive style and fluency) as well as the accuracy of knowledge structure diagnosis. An empirical example is used to demonstrate the applicability and benefits of the proposed model.
Impact of COVID-19 Forecast Visualizations on Pandemic Risk Perceptions
Authors: Padilla Lace , Hosseinpour Helia , Fygenson Racquel , Howell Jennifer Lee , Chunara Rumi , Bertini Enrico
Published: July 2021

People worldwide use SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) visualizations to make life and death decisions about pandemic risks. Understanding how these visualizations influence risk perceptions to improve pandemic communication is crucial. To examine how COVID-19 visualizations influence risk perception, we conducted two experiments online in October and December of 2020 (N = 2549) where we presented participants with 34 visualization techniques (available at the time of publication on the CDC’s website) of the same COVID-19 mortality data. We found that visualizing data using a cumulative scale consistently led to participants believing that they and others were at more risk than before viewing the visualizations. In contrast, visualizing the same data with a weekly incident scale led to variable changes in risk perceptions. Further, uncertainty forecast visualizations also affected risk perceptions, with visualizations showing six or more models increasing risk estimates more than the others tested. Differences between COVID-19 visualizations of the same data produce different risk perceptions, fundamentally changing viewers’ interpretation of information.
Commonality and variation in mental representations of music revealed by a cross-cultural comparison of rhythm priors in 15 countries
Authors: Jacoby Nori , Polak Rainer , Grahn Jessica Adrienne , Cameron Daniel J , Lee Kyung Myun , Godoy Ricardo , Undurraga Eduardo A. , Huanca Tomas , Thalwitzer Timon , Doumbia Noumouké , Goldberg Daniel , Margulis Elizabeth Hellmuth , Wong Patrick , Jure Luis , Rocamora Martín , Fujii Shinya , Savage Patrick E. , Ajimi Jun , Konno Rei , Oishi Sho , Jakubowski Kelly , Holzapfel André , Mungan Esra , Kaya Ece , Rao Preeti , Ananthanarayana Rohit Mattur , Alladi Suvarna , Tarr Bronwyn , Anglada-Tort Manuel , Harrison Peter M. C. , McPherson Malinda J. , Dolan Sophie , Durango Alex , Mcdermott Josh
Published: July 2021

Music is present in every known society, yet varies from place to place. What, if anything, is universal to music cognition? We measured a signature of mental representations of rhythm in 39 participant groups in 15 countries, spanning urban societies and indigenous populations. Listeners reproduced random ‘‘seed’’ rhythms; their reproductions were fed back as the stimulus (as in the game of “telephone”), such that their biases (the prior) could be estimated from the distribution of reproductions. Every tested group showed a sparse prior with peaks at integer ratio rhythms. However, the importance of different integer ratios varied across groups, often reflecting local musical practices. Our results suggest a common feature of music cognition – discrete rhythm “categories” at small integer ratios. These discrete representations likely stabilize musical systems in the face of cultural transmission, but interact with culture-specific traditions to yield diversity evident when mental representations are probed across many cultures.
Choice-confirmation bias and gradual perseveration in human reinforcement learning
Authors: Palminteri Stefano
Published: July 2021

Do we preferentially learn from outcomes that confirm our choices? This is one of the most basic, and yet consequence-bearing, questions concerning reinforcement learning. In recent years, we investigated this question in a series of studies implementing increasingly complex behavioral protocols. The learning rates fitted in experiments featuring partial or complete feedback, as well as free and forced choices, were systematically found to be consistent with a choice-confirmation bias. This result is robust across a broad range of outcome contingencies and response modalities. One of the prominent behavioral consequences of the confirmatory learning rate pattern is choice hysteresis: that is the tendency of repeating previous choices, despite contradictory evidence. As robust and replicable as they have proven to be, these findings were (legitimately) challenged by a couple of studies pointing out that a choice-confirmatory pattern of learning rates may spuriously arise from not taking into consideration an explicit choice autocorrelation term in the model. In the present study, we re-analyze data from four previously published papers (in total nine experiments; N=363), originally included in the studies demonstrating (or criticizing) the choice-confirmation bias in human participants. We fitted two models: one featured valence-specific updates (i.e., different learning rates for confirmatory and disconfirmatory outcomes) and one additionally including an explicit choice autocorrelation process (gradual perseveration). Our analysis confirms that the inclusion of the gradual perseveration process in the model significantly reduces the estimated choice-confirmation bias. However, in all considered experiments, the choice-confirmation bias remains present at the meta-analytical level, and significantly different from zero in most experiments. Our results demonstrate that the choice-confirmation bias resists the inclusion of an explicit choice autocorrelation term, thus proving to be a robust feature of human reinforcement learning. We conclude by discussing the psychological plausibility of the gradual perseveration process in the context of these behavioral paradigms and by pointing to additional computational processes that may play an important role in estimating and interpreting the computational biases under scrutiny.
Preprint Perceived Characteristics of Life Events - Short-Term Changes in Prosociality and Empathy?
Authors: Fassbender Ina , Haehner Peter , Buecker Susanne , Luhmann Maike
Published: July 2021

Post-traumatic growth can be understood as positive change in desirable personality traits after adverse life events. However, recent research questioned whether adversity is a relevant, necessary, and sufficient condition for change in desirable personality traits. Using five-wave longitudinal data, this study explored changes in the desirable personality traits prosociality and empathy before and after life events. We included all life events participants had experienced between the second and third assessment, that is, adverse, ambiguous, and positive events. Participants rated their life events on the Event Characteristics Questionnaire which assesses the individual perception of life events on nine continuous dimensions: challenge, emotional significance, extraordinariness, external control, impact, valence, social status change, predictability and change in world views. We used multilevel growth curve models to explore changes in prosociality and empathy as a function of these event characteristics. Prosociality and empathy remained stable in the assessment period of six to nine months after the reported life event, independently of whether the event had been perceived as adverse or not. We discuss our findings with respect to the inclusion of positive and ambiguous events as predictors of personality change and with respect to its theoretical implications for post-traumatic growth and personality development more broadly.
Efficient ways of communicating time-of-use electricity tariffs in Ireland: Plain and simple
Authors: Barjaková Martina , Belton Cameron , Purcell Karl , Lunn Peter D
Published: July 2021

With the ongoing rollout of smart meters in Ireland, time-of-use (ToU) tariffs are currently being introduced as a new way to pay for electricity. Such tariffs can bring important benefits to both consumers and society, in terms of reduced electricity bills and CO2 emissions, respectively. At the same time, some consumers may find it more difficult to benefit from ToU tariffs than others. Communication around ToU tariffs thus needs to explain both benefits and challenges successfully; it needs to encourage ToU uptake, while enhancing comprehension. This paper presents results from a pre-registered experiment that pre-tested behaviourally-informed communications on ToU tariffs. A large, representative sample of consumers (n=1,300) viewed an experimentally manipulated primer on ToU tariffs before completing a series of tasks to measure their views, objective comprehension, and tariff choices. In general, consumers were positive towards ToU tariffs, viewing monetary savings as a primary benefit. Environmental framing of information enhanced positivity among younger participants. Comprehension and choice quality were rather modest, but improved when tariff examples were presented in a plain table, compared to 24h clock formats. This finding is important as the latter are commonly used in the market. The study demonstrates the benefit of experimentally pre-testing policy interventions.
Not All Homes are Safe: Family Violence Following the Onset of the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Drotning Kelsey Jeanne , Doan Long , Sayer Liana C , Fish Jessica N. , Rinderknecht R. Gordon
Published: July 2021

Evidence from victim service providers suggests the COVID-19 pandemic led to an increase in family violence. However, empirical evidence has been limited. This study uses novel survey data to investigate the occurrence of family violence during the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. Data come from the second wave of the Assessing the Social Consequences of COVID-19 study, an online non-probability sample collected in April and May 2020. Family violence is measured using four variables: any violence, physical violence, verbal abuse, and restricted access. The authors use logistic regression and KHB decomposition to examine the prevalence of family violence during the COVID-19 pandemic. We find that sexual minorities, in particular bisexual people, experienced higher rates of family violence than heterosexual respondents. Women were the only group to report an increase in the frequency of family violence. Household income loss is associated with the incidence of verbal violence. Our findings demonstrate the importance of expanding victim services to address the additional barriers victims face within the pandemic context and beyond, including broad contexts of social isolation and financial precarity experienced by individuals at risk of family violence.
Using metaphors for addressing urban sustainability
Authors: Halla Pekka , Wyss Romano , Athanassiadis Aristide , Drevon Guillaume , Hensel Michael U. , Kaufmann Vincent , Koseki Shin Alexandre , Turcu Catalina , Vilsmeier Ulli , Binder Claudia R.
Published: July 2021

Enhancing the sustainability of cities is a timely, complex task. It involves the challenge of identifying the concerns and goals of different stakeholders in an inclusive manner and bringing into dialogue the various forms of knowledge and know-how that can address these concerns. At the moment, the lack of suitable concepts and methods for taking on this challenge limits our ability to conceive appropriate measures for promoting the sustainable development of cities. We propose three theses outlining the value of metaphors in tackling the challenge, demonstrated through the analysis of three prominent urban metaphors, and as an outcome, suggest three avenues for future work. With our contribution, we wish to encourage the construction of new approaches to urban sustainability based on transdisciplinary knowledge creation and the inclusive acknowledgement of different sustainability requirements.
Occupational Health Problems, Workplace Environment and Utilization of Personal Protective Equipment among Welders of Banepa Municipality, Nepal
Authors: Joshi Manisha , Dhakal Chalise Gita , Shrestha Sarala
Published: July 2021

Background: Welding is a hazardous occupation where welders expose to a variety of work-related hazards. These hazards might cause occupational health problems. Safe working environment and utilization of personal protective equipment (PPE) play a vital role in preventing problems and promoting their health, safety and wellbeing. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the prevalence of occupational health problems, workplace environment and utilization of personal protective equipment among welders.

Methodology: A descriptive cross- sectional study design was used.  Data was collected from 130 welders of 35 metal workshops in Banepa Municipality using semi-structured interview schedule in 2019. An observational checklist was used to collect information on the workplace environment of selected metal workshops. Data was analyzed by using SPSS version 20 and described by using descriptive and inferential statistical methods.

Results: The most prevalent problems experienced by welders were accidents and injuries (99.2%) and eye and ear problems (98.4%). The most available PPE in 35 metal workshops were protective goggles (100%) and insulated gloves (71.4%). Similarly, 90.6% welders always used safety goggles, 41% sometimes used facemasks and 65.4% never used helmets while working.  Only 25.6% workshops had first aid kits available with no expired products and 11.4% had kept fire extinguishers in easily accessible locations. Almost all (97.1%) workshops did not have safety guidelines for their workers.

Conclusion: Welders who work in metal workshops experience different types of occupational health problems (OHP) and do not use all types of PPE for their protection. Hence, metal workshops should develop safety guidelines for their workers and strictly implement it to prevent OHP.
EMPLOYMENT OF MAGNETIC WATER TREATMENT IN CONSTRUCTION
Authors: A. Al-Safy Rawaa
Published: July 2021

Magnetic treatment (MT) is one of the interested techniques that have been widely used in various aspects of life due to its positive effectiveness on the properties of water when utilized. Construction sector received great attention by researchers in order to employ magnetic water (MW) in the production of various building materials especially cement-based materials. This is due to the role of water is involved directly in the hydration process of the cement as well as curing process. The effectiveness of using MW came from the influence of magnetic field (MF) on physical properties of water molecular such as surface tension. Break down in the size of water clusters, therefore, is occurred which increases the activity of water molecular to penetrate the cement particle easily to involve in the hydration process. Various parameters may affect the magnetization process such as time, strength of MF and speed of water through the MF. In the current paper, the impact of using MW in the production of various construction and building materials that based on cement is addressed to clarify the actual need in adopting such an attractive technology to magnetize the water to be used in mixing and curing cement-based materials to construct sustainable concrete structures in construction sites.
QUALITY EVALUATION OF SOME BOTTLED WATERS AVAILABLE IN IRAQI MARKET
Authors: A. Rashid Mohammed , O. Kariem Nagam
Published: July 2021

This study was intended to evaluate the quality of some bottled waters available in Iraqi market, by testing their physical, chemical and biological characteristics. These samples produced by four companies during the period of December- 2016 to April-2017. The selected companies had the biggest sells and were under the trade names of AlluLua, Ala, Alwafi, and Venesia. The results showed that most bottled waters samples characteristics were in compliance with Iraqi and international standards, with some superiority in water quality for the trade mark Allulua upon the other companies, but the trade mark Ala was at the end of the list of quality rank. All the tested samples showed clean bacteriological results for coliforms as pollution indicators and fecal coliforms (all tests MPN was less than 1.1). The other physical and chemical characteristics showed pH range of 6.21 ~ 7.7, TDS of 12.81 ~ 126.88 mg/L, Ca of 0.24 ~ 25.5 mg/L, Mg of 3.2 ~ 13.1 mg/L, Na of 0.92 ~ 23 mg/L, K of 0 ~ 0.39 mg/L, Hardness of 3.8 ~ 38.2 mg/L, and chloride of 3.55 ~ 35.5 mg/L.
Experiences Introducing a Team-Based Knowledge Summary to Student Veterinary Nurses/Veterinary Technicians
Authors: Batt-Williams Sarah , Lumbis Rachel
Published: July 2021

It is a responsibility of veterinarians and veterinary nurse/veterinary technician practitioners to ground their decisions on sound, objective, and current evidence. Fundamental to this process is the ability to critically analyze available evidence and apply this alongside existing clinical expertise to inform clinical decision making and practice. This teaching tip describes the design and implementation of a knowledge summary and peer feedback as elements of a summative assessment of third-year veterinary nursing degree students at the Royal Veterinary College, University of London. Underlying educational theories and practical details on how to carry out the proposed innovation are discussed. Students’ feedback of this assessment method was largely positive, with acknowledgment of its value in facilitating the answering of clinically relevant questions in a practical, structured, and evidence-based format that is directly transferrable to veterinary practice. For those continuing to the fourth year of the Bachelor of Science (BSc) program, it was considered good preparation for the research and literature review conducted as part of the final-year project. Feedback from faculty suggests that the assessment fulfilled its aim of ensuring improved constructive alignment and facilitating the development of higher-order cognitive skills. Others are encouraged to adopt this method of assessment to develop students’ interpersonal skills, encourage their critical appraisal of evidence, and challenge traditional theories and practice.
TELEWORKING IN THE MANAGEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL TEAMS – EXPERIENCE REPORT
Authors:   Polytechnic Institute of Setúbal, Portugal, Campus de IPS, Estefanilha, Setúbal, Portugal, Reis Leonilde , Silveira Clara ,   Polytechnic Institute of Guarda, Portugal, Avenida Dr. Francisco Sá Carneiro, n.º 50, Guarda, Portugal, Duarte Renato ,   IT Project Manager, Rua Saraiva de Carvalho, 149 – 4º Dto, Lisbon, Portugal
Published: July 2021

The use of information and communication technologies in an organizational context allows enhancing performance and defining business support strategies. The objective of this paper is to research the importance of teleworking in order to reflect the conditions for monitoring international project teams, and in this sense to contribute to the optimization of the practices instituted. The most common business processes of organizations are supported by generic software products, also called enterprise resource planning, in which the organization consolidates its experience over time in order to provide increasingly better services. The main contributions of the paper focus on the presentation of the fundamental competences of the teams regarding the performance in configuration projects in view of the practical experience in the international labor market in face of pandemic scenario.
THE IMPORTANCE OF SOCIAL DIALOGUE AND COLLECTIVE BARGAINING IN THE PROCESS OF SHAPING WORKING CONDITIONS
Authors:   Faculty of Law, Masaryk University, Veveří 70, 611 80 Brno, Czech Republic, Horecký Jan , Smejkal Michal ,   Faculty of Law, Masaryk University, Veveří 70, 611 80 Brno, Czech Republic
Published: July 2021

The article explores the influence and importance of social dialogue and collective bargaining on the formation of working conditions. Social dialogue and collective bargaining are among the basic ways to influence the conditions of work through employees’ representatives and how to represent the weaker party from the point of view of labour law (the interests of the employee). The article points out the fundamental importance of social dialogue in creating an environment of decent work, both in the international environment (especially the competence of the International Labour Organization or the implementation of the European Pillar of Social Rights) and wages or addressing the impacts of COVID-19 pandemics in the national environment of the Czech Republic.
MODELING THE STRESS STATE OF THE BACKFILLING MASS WITH DIFFERENT PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
Authors:   Dnipro University of Technology, Petlovanyi Mykhailo , Sai Kateryna ,   Dnipro University of Technology
Published: July 2021

Purpose. Analytical researches of the stress state of the backfilling stopes with different physical and mechanical properties using numerical modeling to determine possible zones of stability losses and predict their failure. Methods. Numerical modeling of the formation of stresses around a high stopes was carried out for the conditions of mining iron ore reserves in the depth intervals of 740-1040 m of the Pivdenno-Bilozerske deposit, where mining operations are actively carried out using the finite element method in the SolidWorks 2016 software package with reliable substantiation of the parameters of the developed geomechanical model. Results. Numerical simulation of the stress state of the backfilling mass are carried out at variable values of the modulus of its elasticity and the mining depth. It was found that with the existing actual physical and mechanical properties of the backfilling mass during the development of the Pivdenno-Bilozerske deposit, the danger of its failure is predicted at depths of more than 890 m. In the center of the filling array, the stress values change linearly, and at the junction of the roof with the side of the backfilled stopes – polynomial. It was found that an increase in the modulus of elasticity of the backfilling mass allows to reduce the compressive stresses only at the junction of the roof with the side of the backfilled stopes to a value of 800 MPa. Scientific novelty. With an increase in the depth of development, despite an increase in the elastic modulus of the fill, the values of stresses increase, which eliminates the need to increase it with a decrease in the mining depth it was found. Practical significance. The results obtained make it possible to correct the technology of formation of a backfilling mass in the primary stopes, taking into account the formation of stresses on its contour and, with an increase in the mining depth, to form a backfilling mass with viscoplastic properties.
Literary Arrangement of Folklore Plots into the Language of Fiction: The Poem by G. Tukay «SU Anasy» through the Prism of the Folklore and Mythological Basis of the Work
Authors: Samitova Saviia Gimaltynovna
Published: July 2021

The article is the first attempt to determine the peculiarities of the perception of folklore and mythological plots, with the image of Su Anasy in the center, by Tatar fiction. The relevance and significance of the present research is determined by the lacunarity of this scientific topic in the modern Turkology research. The investigation reflected in this article is based on the use of comparative, systemic, functional and genetic methods, as well as the reconstruction method. The use of these methods is determined by the desire to present a comprehensive analysis of the multifactorial influence of the folklore and mythological specifics of the Su Anasy image on its plot, ideological, ethical and aesthetic adaptation to the field of fiction, that is the aim of the present work. In the course of the analysis, it was established that the central image of the poem of Tatar classic G. Tukay is a kind of quintessence of the traditional worldview of the Tatar ethnos, accumulating the most archaic, basic epistemological and axiological constants. The revealed fact of the dialogue between folklore and imaginative literature, forms an ethnically marked consonance between the two varieties of verbal creativity, and we can claim that this very statement explains the fact that several generations of literary scholars assess the Gabdulla Tukay’s «Su Anasy» as a truly folk work.
Grid method for solution of 2D Riemann type problem with two discontinuities having an initial condition
Authors:   Dogus University, Sinsoysal B. , Rasulov M. ,   Institute of Oil and Gas, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Yener O. ,   Beykent University
Published: July 2021

This study aims to obtain the numerical solution of the Cauchy problem for 2D conservation law equation with one arbitrary discontinuity having an initial profile. For this aim, a special auxiliary problem allowing to construct a sensitive method is developed in order to get a weak solution of the main problem. Proposed auxiliary problem also permits us to find entropy condition which guarantees uniqueness of the solution for the auxiliary problem. To compare the numerical solution with the exact solution theoretical structure of the problem under consideration is examined, and then the interplay of shock and rarefaction waves is investigated.
On stability of the third order partial delay differential equation with involution and Dirichlet condition
Authors:   Near East University, Ashyralyev A. ,   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University),   Institute of Mathematics and Mathematical Modeling, Ibrahim S. ,   Near East University, Hincal E. ,   Near East University
Published: July 2021

In this paper the stability of the initial value problem for the third order partial delay differential equation with involution is investigated. The first order of accuracy absolute stable difference scheme for the solution of the differential problem is presented. Stability estimates for the solution of this difference scheme are proved. Numerical results are provided.