bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
From the Hut to the Totem: An Archetypal Analysis of the Holy See's Eleven Chapels at the Venice Architecture Biennale
Authors: Sena Augusto Marta Isabel , Gómez Martínez Vidal
Published: October 2022

At the 2018 Venice Biennale, the Holy See participated with eleven chapels in the woods designed by eleven teams of notable architects from all over the world, allowing us to monitor the global vision of worship spaces today. In this essay, we analyse the architectural reflections of the different invited architects in the light of the two main archetypes of architecture: the primitive hut and the totem pole. The great difference between the two archetypes is in the subjective temporality of space. In the hut archetype, temporality takes us back to the beginnings of architecture, and within this group we have divided the chapels into two subgroups: those belonging to the inward hut archetype, which delimits an interior space isolated from the environment, and those that follow the outward hut archetype, which delimits an interior space that establishes a direct relationship with the exterior. The chapels that follow the totem archetype, on the other hand, have the characteristic of renouncing the delimitation of their own spatiality and, through the insertion of an element, are able to generate a field of imprecise boundaries and transform a portion of the environment into a place of prayer and meditation.
Semantics as a product of mental model operation (On the example of movement direction outward in the Russian and Chinese languages)
Authors:   RUDN University, Tszin Tao
Published: October 2022

The article critically evaluates the postulate about «semantic shifts» and puts forward a hypothesis about the mechanism of generating semantics as a manifestation of the brain’s ability to create mental models and operate with them. The hypothesis is based on a number of modern concepts about human cognition and aims to explain the non-equivalence of indicators for the same direction of movement from different languages and the causality of the «congruence» of inference in individuals when they use a certain indicator of direction in their native language. The hypothesis is tested on the example of direction indicators OUTWARD 出 (chu) and вы-. Dictionary definitions, existing research on semantics description for both indicators, data from the Russian National Corpus, and data from Beijing University’s Center for Chinese Linguistics Corpus serve as the materials of research. The main methods are comparative analysis and deduction. Three criteria of contraposition of spatial closedness/ openness are distinguished in the OUTWARD movement model: OBSERVER criterion, based on visual perception; EXPERIENCER criterion, based on the environment’s impact on the self as passive recipient; and DOER criterion, based on the perception of obstacles to freedom of movement. The results demonstrate that the semantics of both indicators depend on the corresponding modifications of the model. The nonequivalence of the two indicators is caused by a clear cognitive preference in the choice of the initial position. The modifications of the model for 出 fall under the category of SUPEROBSERVER emphasizing the change or contrast in “location” or “condition.” The modifications of the model for вы-, in contrast, fall under the category of SUPERDOER, and focus on overcoming “limitation” in the path of movement. It is also shown that across different cultures, there is consensus in the interpretation of what is perceived when actualizing a certain position of cognition. An OBSERVER position interprets INSIDE as “imperceptible” - a “source”, “resource” and “potential”, and OUTSIDE as “perceptible”; an EXPERIENCER position builds correlation that INSIDE denotes SELF and OUTSIDE denotes NON-SELF; a DOER position is prone to associate negative connotations with INSIDE and positive connotations with OUTSIDE. This result allows us to conclude that the "congruence" of the understanding of semantics in individuals within one language group is achieved by synchronizing the initial position of cognition in the course of their interaction.
Linguocognitive and sociocultural aspects of bilingualism
Authors:   Chelyabinsk State University, Shelestyuk Elena V.
Published: October 2022

The concepts and data accumulated to date on bilingualism are summarized and generalized in the article. Bilingualism is the presence of two or more languages in a person’s actual life and operating them whenever necessary, regardless of the level of proficiency and medium of language acquisition (natural or artificial). In the cognitive- psycholinguistic perspective, the study of a foreign/second language is primarily about the goals of language training: with a distinct lag from a first language (top-down training) to gain conceptual knowledge of one’s own and foreign cultures and read cognitively complex works in two languages VS together with a first language from early childhood (bottom-up training) to gain the skills of authentic usage of both languages and be fluent in everyday communication. In in the socio-cultural perspective, in multinational states bilingualism is an objective necessity, provided that it is endoglossic. This is an alternative to the full or partial assimilation of linguistic minorities to the language and culture of the majority. The ideal is not linguocultural assimilation, but mutual integration, the formation of a single nation. As for an external foreign language learnt for international communication, it should be mastered less zealously and generally perceived as a mere substitute for an “international auxiliary language” - a simple code, universal and flexible, to convey a person’s individual and national meanings. Acculturation in the spirit of a foreign culture is excluded, it is optimal to focus on the heritage of the internal, national and indigenous, cultures and literatures and learn them in both national/ethnic languages and a foreign language.
Overview of methods for cross-language matching of associative fields
Authors:   Moscow Polytechnic University, Dadasheva Kseniya P.
Published: October 2022

The study is aimed at improving the method of processing data from psycholinguistic experimental studies with native speakers of national languages. The purpose of the work is to review the existing methods of interlingual comparison to select the base one for implementation in an information system consisting of a database of the Russian-Tatar- Bashkir associative dictionary and a module for calculating indicators of the measure of connectivity between stimulus in different languages. To study the linguistic consciousness of representatives of different languages in psycholinguistics, an associative experiment is effectively used, which is aimed at identifying associations that an individual has developed throughout life. The data obtained can be interpreted in different aspects in accordance with the direction of a particular study. In this regard, it is necessary to improve the methods of qualitative and statistical processing of extensive linguistic data obtained, as a result, of mass psycholinguistic experiments on the material of languages with different structures with the participation of many subjects. To study the structure of the associative field, quantitative and qualitative methods of data analysis are used. In quantitative analysis, the stimulus is considered as a set of frequencies that are interconnected by their relation to the same word, single reactions form the periphery, and frequency reactions form the core of the field. The article considers and analyzes the following methods: comparison of associative fields of the same name stimulus of associative experiments - contains a quantitative and qualitative analysis, and allows you to determine what semantic connection the studied languages are characterized by and whether the images of consciousness coincide; building a semantic gestalt - allows you to assess the positivity of images of linguistic consciousness, which concepts are significant, differences and similarities, whether they have a common understanding of basic, vital concepts; analysis of the core of AF - based on the level structure of the language and Leontiev’s model of speech production, a feature of this method is the selection of the prevailing lexical and lexical-grammatical mechanisms. Assessing the potential capabilities of the information system model for interlingual analysis of verbal associations, we can conclude that the method of constructing a semantic gestalt is most suitable for implementation.
Functional illiteracy: Aspects of psycholinguistic research (based on the materials of discussions at XX Psycholinguistics Symposium)
Authors:   Moscow State Linguistic University, Pishchalnikova Vera A.
Published: October 2022

The author describes the priorities in the psycholinguistic research of functional illiteracy from the standpoint of speech activity theory and summarizes the most significant factors influencing the phenomenon formation. Possessing neuroplasticity, the brain allows formation of rigid behavior and infinite reduplication of clichéd knowledge sufficient for everyday existence. The ruling establishment supports the actualization of behavior patterns based on the appropriation of such knowledge. In addition, modern technologies also contribute to the strengthening of reduplication as the dominant way of appropriating knowledge. Functional illiteracy is also strengthened under the influence of school education that uses testing as the main form of knowledge and skills control and introduces textbooks built on methods of visual content perception, which does not contribute to the development of abstract thinking forms. Hence, another serious factor backing up the increase in the number of functionally illiterate people arises, i.e., the internal language, a set of automated skills to represent knowledge in the forms of the native language, remains immature. These provisions are verified experimentally.
Linguistic creativity: Is it really the violation of the language norm?
Authors:   Moscow State Linguistic University, Belyaevskaya Elena G.
Published: October 2022

The paper sets out to show that linguistic creativity which is usually associated with inventive, imaginative, and frequently unexpected use of language means to enhance the expressive back up of communication should not be taken as mere violation of the universally accepted language and/ or communicative norm. Linguistic creativity is a feature of language performance based on language competence which is unthinkable without the norm, the latter being described as a set of mental models underlying the formation of utterances which are to be built according to the acknowledged codified rules of grammar and phonetics as well as the rules of making up word combinations. The norm codifies prescriptive use but also allows for certain variability which helps to adapt language performance to the constantly changing communicative environment. Thus, language competence implies the knowledge of the scope of norm variability, and with regard to this point, linguistic creativity may be defined as testing the variability potential of the language system in discourse with special reference to the limits it might be extended to. Linguistic creativity is found on all levels of the language system including borrowings, though the latter are usually left out of language creativity studies. However, the material of English (a Germanic language), where Romance borrowings constitute more than half of its vocabulary, shows that borrowings prove to be a good point of departure for language creativity but only in case they are fully adapted to the recipient language system.
Russian and Vietnamese self-perceptions: corpus study data
Authors:   Institute of Linguistics and Intercultural Communication, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Markovina Irina Yu. , Matyushin Alexey A. ,   Institute of Linguistics and Intercultural Communication, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Lenart Istvan ,   Institute of Linguistics and Intercultural Communication, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Pham Hien ,   Institute of Linguistics, Vietnam Academy of Social Sciences, Van Hie Nguyen ,   Institute of Linguistics, Vietnam Academy of Social Sciences
Published: October 2022

The article presents interim results of the large-scale international study aimed at discovering self- and mutual perceptions of the Russians and the Vietnamese found in language and culture. The authors attempted to describe selected common characteristics of the Russian and Vietnamese self-portraits , namely courage (смелость/dũng cảm), hospitality (гостеприимство/hiếu khách), industriousness (трудолюбие/cần cù), and intelligence ( ум/thông minh) , using corpus linguistics approach. The investigation was conducted using built-in tools of Sketch Engine platform and two corpora, included in the system: Russian (ruTenTen11) and Vietnamese (VietnameseWaC). It was shown that the Russian courage , before all, is gallantry, bravery, and valor, whereas courageous Vietnamese stay calm and vigilant in the face of danger. The hospitality of both peoples is described as generous, but for Russians it is more important to demonstrate their cordiality, and for Vietnamese - that their hospitality is superior. Both the Russians and the Vietnamese are hard working , but for the former it is a means of achieving some result ( goal commitment, persistence ), and for the latter it is related to fight against poverty and overcoming difficulties. According to corpus data, intelligence is closely related to consciousness and soul for Russians, and to wisdom, courage, and simplicity - for Vietnamese. The corpus-based thesauri obtained in the study show incongruity between the sets of semantic components of the studied lexical units and provide additional information about Russian and Vietnamese self-portraits that include quasi-equivalent lexis. It was shown that the corpus data partially confirm the results of the earlier questionnaire-based study. The study supports the assumption that the data obtained using traditional ethnopsycholinguistic methods can be effectively analyzed by corpus linguistics methods and by this combined approach comprehensive description of the meanings of the “common” cultural phenomena of various peoples can be obtained.
Current Treatment Protocols for Adult Survivors of Severe Parental Alienation A Scoping Review Alyse Price Tobler August 17 2022 final.docx
Authors: Ross Dyann , Innes Peter , Matthewson Mandy , Price-Tobler Alyse
Published: October 2022

 This study aimed to review the academic peer-reviewed and grey literature pertaining to current treatment protocols for mental health practitioners working therapeutically with adult survivors of severe parental alienation. The academic databases searched were Medline (Web of Science), PsycNET (APA), and Psychiatry Online. Grey literature searches were conducted through Google, professional websites, published books and Facebook. No peer-reviewed articles matching the inclusion criteria were located. However, four pertinent grey literature resources were discovered. It was found that there is a dearth of ethical standards and professional practice guidelines that include a comprehensive treatment protocol for mental health practitioners who work with adult survivors of severe parental alienation and more research needs to be undertaken. Also, to

understand the degree, acuity, complexity, and severity of the developmental and ongoing acute trauma of severe parental alienation, a treatment protocol must be developed as well as a gold standard for competence, training, and ongoing professional development for mental health practitioners working with adult survivors. 
Periodontal pathology in patients with cirrhosis of the liver
Authors: Eremin A. V. , Savina E. A. , Eremin O. V.
Published: October 2022

The frequency and clinical course of chronic generalized periodontitis against the background of liver cirrhosis of various etiologies were studied. 70 patients with chronic generalized periodontitis of varying degrees in combination with liver cirrhosis were examined (23 patients (32.9%) had liver cirrhosis class A, 25 (35.7%) — class B, 22 (31.4%) — class C. Comparison group — 17 patients with periodontitis without somatic pathology. Control group — 20 practically healthy volunteers. A signiﬁ cantly reduced level of oral hygiene was revealed in patients with liver cirrhosis of classes B and C. Periodontal pathogenic microorganisms were signiﬁ cantly more common in the contents of periodontal pockets with cirrhosis. With an increase in the class of CP, the frequency of bacterial expansion increased. The severity of periodontal damage in patients with liver cirrhosis is associated with a loss of bone mineral density by the type of osteopenia (47.2%) or osteoporosis (31.4%), increasing according to the class of liver cirrhosis and the severity of periodontal disease The degree of resorption of the alveolar process is associated with a systemic decrease in bone mineral density. The eﬀ ects of generalized osteopenic syndrome and resorption of the alveolar processes are characteristic of patients with alcoholic liver damage and liver cirrhosis with cholestasis syndrome.
Chronic aspiration bronchiolitis in a patient with esophageal diverticulum and gastroesophageal reﬂux disease
Authors: Shapovalova T. G. , Ryabova A. Yu. , Pakhomova A. L. , Shashina M. M.
Published: October 2022

Purpose of the study: to present a description of the clinical observation of chronic aspiration bronchiolitis in a patient with a large diverticulum of the upper esophagus and gastroesophageal reﬂ ux disease (GERD).

Materials and methods: a brief review of the literature on the modern concept of extraesophageal respiratory manifestations of GERD, the features of the course of upper esophageal diverticula, clinical and radiological symptoms of chronic aspiration bronchiolitis is presented. In the above clinical case, chronic aspiration bronchiolitis was a manifestation of gastroesophageal pathology.

Results: The development of ﬁ brosing interstitial lung disease in a patient with a large upper esophageal diverticulum and GERD is presented.

Conclusion: the problems of diﬀerential diagnosis of respiratory symptoms in esophageal pathology are shown. The authors hope that the described observation will increase the attention of doctors regarding comorbid ﬁ brosing interstitial lung diseases in esophageal pathology; the need for timely detection of a progressive ﬁ brotic phenotype and determination of indications for antiﬁ brotic therapy.
Foundational Development of Emergence
Authors: Vesterby Vincent
Published: October 2022

Abstract This paper presents a non-standard approach to emergence that describes the foundational stages of the development of emergence, including the factors that initiate the progressive stages of its development. Observing that emergence is a naturally occurring creative process in the universe, the focus of the paper is a strictly realist analysis of the intrinsic qualities of emergence. Emergence brings things into existence, things such as objects, qualities, relations, and systems. The process of emergence develops, becoming increasingly complex as additional factors come to play roles in the process. The paper describes a diagram of the foundational stages of the development of emergence that shows what additional factors initiate the progressive stages of its development. The diagram displays the origins of factors such as the contact relation and the cause relation, among others. Factors that originate in the stages of the foundational development of emergence play roles in the forms of emergence that occur in highly complex situations like geology, biology, sociology, ecology, and cosmology. Understanding the foundational stages of emergence can enhance understanding in all the disciplines. The paper explains how emergence is a component of science based transdisciplinarity. It presents a new paradigm for understanding the intrinsic nature of emergence. The intention is to make the understanding of emergence useful by way of a strictly realist approach based on observation. The goal is to provide scientists with a practical method for the identification and mapping of emergence in systems of interest.
Pobreza multidimensional en Uruguay: una propuesta mediante la técnica de análisis factorial múltiple (Multidimensional poverty in Uruguay: a proposal using the multiple factorial analysis technique)
Authors: Saldaña Maximiliano , Nalbarte Laura , Álvarez-Vaz Ramón
Published: October 2022

Abstract The measurement of multidimensional poverty has been a topic of interest both in the international and national framework.In this paper, Multiple Factor Analysis -AFM- (Escofier and Pages, 1994) is explored as an option forsummarize the information related to the different dimensions of poverty. It seeks to arrive at a proposal for an index ofmultidimensional poverty based on the AFM as an alternative to the one used by the United Nations Organization.The methodology that is applied is considered particularly pertinent to the objective given its ability to summarizeinformation from extensive sets of variables, which are appropriately weighted to obtain as a final result a smaller set of new variables, with the least possible loss of explained variability. In turn, this methodology makes it possible to visualize links between the variables and between the different dimensions of poverty. Use is made of databases from the Household Expenditure and Income Survey 2016-2017, carried out by the National Institute of Statistics in Uruguay.
Combined Developmental Toxicity Of Cyhalofop-butyl And Quizalofop-p-ethyl On The Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Embryos
Authors: Liu Li , Wang Dongmei , Li Ping , Zhao Huan
Published: October 2022

Aryloxyphenoxypropionate herbicides have the characteristics of high efficiency, low toxicity, and safety to subsequent crops, and occupy an important position in the world herbicide market. Cyhalofop-butyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl are two representative herbicides, which are widely used in weed control. However, there is limited information on their combined toxicity to aquatic organisms. In this study, the developmental toxicity of cyhalofop-butyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl exposure in combination on zebrafish embryos was valuated to better understand the interaction between the that. The 96 h-LC50 (50% lethal concentration) of cyhalofop-butyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl on zebrafish embryos were 0.637 mg·L-1 and 0.248 mg·L-1, respectively. The combined effect of cyhalofop-butyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl was an antagonistic effect, and the 96 h-LC50 of zebrafish embryos was 1.043 mg·L-1. Morphologically distinct pericardial edema and yolk cysts were observed after combined exposure, with significant effects on body length and heart rate in zebrafish embryos. At the same time, the mRNA levels of gene related to apoptosis and cardiac development also changed significantly. Therefore, we speculate that changes in genes related to apoptosis and cardiac development should be responsible for the abnormal development during embryonic development following co-exposure of cyhalofop-butyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl.
Thinking Critically about Racial Identity Data in Perinatal Health Research: An Example with Loss of Control Eating and Tobacco Dependence
Authors: Call Christine , Boness Cassandra L. , Wang Bang , Conlon Rachel P. K. , Donofry Shannon , Pedersen Sarah , Levine Michele D.
Published: October 2022

Purpose: Racial inequities in perinatal health necessitate additional research. However, limited guidance exists on how to group racial identity data for analyses. We explored methods for grouping racial identity in two prior perinatal studies (LEAP and STARTS) that examined modifiable contributors to cardiovascular disease: loss of control (LOC) eating and nicotine dependence. Methods: Participants were pregnant individuals in two studies (LEAP: N=257; STARTS: N=300). LOC was assessed throughout pregnancy using the Eating Disorder Examination-Pregnancy Version. Nicotine dependence was assessed with the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) in late pregnancy. Participants self-reported racial identity using NIH-defined categories at baseline. We explored five methods of grouping participants by racial identity. The relation of racial identity to LOC eating or FTND score was examined in separate regression models for each method of grouping racial identity. Results: Black-identifying participants, whether Black-only (OR=1.88, p=.024) or Black and additional racial identities (OR=2.09, p=.006), were more likely to experience LOC eating than individuals identifying as White-only. However, when Black-only participants were compared to those identifying as White and additional racial identities, this effect was attenuated (OR=1.55, p=0.101). Findings were less susceptible to changes based on racial identity groupings when examining associations between racial identity and FTND. Conclusions: Among pregnant individuals, the magnitude of the associations between racial identity and LOC and, to a lesser extent, nicotine dependence, varied by racial identity grouping method, demonstrating the importance of careful considerations when examining racial identity data and highlighting the need to examine systemic factors underlying inequities.
Characteristics of the Board of Directors and corporate financial performance – An empirical evidence
Authors: Nguyen V.C. , Thuan Huynh
Published: October 2022

The objectives of the research are to investigate the characteristics of the board of directors on the financial performance of the enterprise. Using a sample data from 52 construction and real estate enterprises listed on Vietnam stock exchange in the period 2006-2020. Using typical regression methods such as pooled OLS, FEM, REM and assessing the defects of the research model, the FGLS method is selected. At the same time, due to the existence of endogenous phenomena and the nature of interdependence among enterprises in Vietnam, research using the instrumental variables two-step generalized method of moments (IV-GMM) in order to correct for cross-sectional dependence, autocorrelation, endogeneity, and heteroskedasticity in the analysis. Research results suggest that board size, female board members, meeting frequency, and board members' education have a positive influence on financial performance. Moreover, the independence of the Board of Directors increases, the business efficiency decreases. The research also found a positive relationship of tangible fixed assets, and a negative relationship between capital structure choice, firm size and corporate financial performance.
Evaluation of the impact of Technical Physicians on improving healthcare with personalized technology
Authors: Groenier Marleen , Spijkerboer Koen , Venix Lisanne , Bannink Lars , Yperlaan Saskia , Eyck Quinten , van Manen Jeannette , Miedema Heleen
Published: October 2022

IntroductionThe rapid introduction of technical innovations in healthcare requires that professionals are adequately prepared for correct clinical use of medical technology. In response to the technological transformation of healthcare, a new type of professional, the Technical Physician (TP), was created, and is trained to improve individual patient care using personalized technology. This study investigates the TPs’ impact on patient care in terms of innovation, efficiency, effectiveness, and patient safety. MethodSemi-structured, in-depth interviews with 30 TPs and 17 medical specialists (MSs) working in academic or teaching hospitals in the Netherlands were conducted. The pre-structured and open-ended interview questions focused on: 1) the perceived impact on efficiency, effectiveness, innovation, and safety, and 2) opportunities and challenges in daily work. ResultsTPs and MSs unanimously experienced that TPs contributed to innovation. A majority indicated that efficiency (TP 67%; MS 65%) and effectiveness (TP 57%; MS 71%) of clinical practice had increased. For safety, 87% of TPs but only 47% of MSs reported an increase. The main explanation given for the positive impact of TPs was combining medical and technical knowledge. Mainly organizational barriers were mentioned as a potential cause for a less visible contribution of TPs. DiscussionTPs and MSs unanimously agreed that TPs contributed to innovating patient care through their integrative medical and technical competencies. Most TPs and MSs also reported increased effectiveness, efficiency, and safety of patient care due to the TPs’ work. TPs and MSs expected that the positive effect of the TPs will be enhanced once organizational barriers are removed.
Exploring the Latent Structure of Behavior Using the Human Connectome Project’s Data
Authors: Schöttner Mikkel , Bolton Thomas , Patel Jagruti , Nahálka Anjali Tarun , Viera Sandra , Hagmann Patric
Published: October 2022

How behavior arises from brain physiology has been one central topic of investigation in neuroscience. Considering the recent interest in predicting behavior from brain imaging using open datasets, there is the need for a principled approach to the categorization of behavioral variables. However, this is not trivial, as the definitions of psychological constructs and their relationships—their ontology—are not always clear. Here, we propose to use exploratory factor analysis (EFA) as a data-driven approach to find robust and interpretable domains of behavior in the Human Connectome Project (HCP) dataset. Additionally, we explore the clustering of behavioral variables using consensus clustering.We find that four and five factors offer the best description of the data, a result corroborated by the consensus clustering. In the four-factor solution, factors for Mental Health, Cognition, Processing Speed, and Substance Use arise. With five factors, Mental Health splits into Well-Being and Internalizing. Clustering results show a similar pattern, with clusters for Cognition, Processing Speed, Positive Affect, Negative Affect, and Substance Use. The factor structure is replicated in an independent dataset using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). We discuss how the content of the factors fits with previous conceptualizations of general behavioral domains.
Virtual reality exposure therapy for reducing social anxiety in stuttering: A randomized controlled pilot trial
Authors: Chard Ian , van Zalk Nejra , Picinali Lorenzo
Published: October 2022

We report on findings from the first randomized controlled pilot trial of virtual reality exposure therapy (VRET) developed specifically for reducing social anxiety associated with stuttering. People who stutter with heightened social anxiety were recruited from online adverts and randomly allocated to receive VRET (n = 13) or be put on a waitlist (n = 12). Treatment was delivered remotely using a smartphone-based VR headset. It consisted of three weekly sessions, each comprising both performative and interactive exposure exercises, and was guided by a virtual therapist. Multilevel model analyses failed to demonstrate the effectiveness of VRET at reducing social anxiety between pre- and post-treatment. We found similar results for fear of negative evaluation, negative thoughts associated with stuttering, and stuttering characteristics. However, VRET was associated with reduced social anxiety between post-treatment and one-month follow-up. These pilot findings suggest that our current VRET protocol may not be effective at reducing social anxiety amongst people who stutter, though might be capable of supporting longer-term change. Future VRET protocols targeting stuttering-related social anxiety should be explored with larger samples. The results from this pilot trial provide a solid basis for further design improvements and for future research to explore appropriate techniques for widening access to social anxiety treatments in stuttering.
Test-retest reliability of Bayesian estimations of the effects of stimulation, prior information and individual traits on pain perception
Authors: Delgado-Sanchez Ariane , Charalambous Christiana , Trujillo-Barreto Nelson , Safi Hannah , Jones Anthony K. P. , Sivan Manoj , Talmi Deborah , Brown Christopher
Published: October 2022

Previous research has demonstrated inter-individual variability in the influence of different components such as nociception or expectations on pain perception. Identifying the relative influence of these components could serve as a patient stratification tool. Nevertheless, this would only be of use if the influence of each component is stable in time. In this study 30 healthy participants underwent a cognitive pain paradigm in which they rated pain after viewing a probabilistic cue informing of forthcoming pain intensity and then receiving electrical stimulation. The trial information and pain ratings were then used in a Bayesian probability model to compute the relative weight each participant put on stimulation, cue and cue uncertainty when rating their perceived pain intensity, as well as to extract the general trait-like bias of participants and the weight they put on it. The same procedure was repeated two weeks later. Test-retest reliability of all measures was assessed. Results showed that the effect of the stimulation and the trait like bias had a good reliability and that the estimations for the effect of the cue had a moderate reliability. These findings support the hypothesis that inter-individual differences in the weight placed on different pain factors is stable in time and could therefore be a possible target for patient stratification.
Making a good career choice: A decision-analytical intervention to enhance high school students’ proactive decision-making and career choice self-efficacy
Authors: Siebert Johannes , Becker Maxi , Oeser Nadine
Published: October 2022

At the end of high school, teenagers have to deal with their first life-changing decisions when deciding what to do after having graduated from school. For these decisions, adolescents need to be able to make good decisions. However, most schools have not implemented decision trainings into their curricula yet. A new intervention called "KLUGentscheiden!" was developed to train complex decision-making in high school students to close this gap. The intervention targets three key components of good decision making: envisioning one's objectives, identifying relevant alternatives, and comparing the identified alternatives by a weighted evaluation.We assumed that successfully training those decision-analytical steps should enhance self-perceived proactive decision-making skills. In addition, the training should also enhance self-assessed career choice self-efficacy. The intervention was evaluated in a pseudorandomized control study including 193 high school students. Compared to a control group, the intervention group significantly increased proactive decision-making skills and career-choice self-efficacy. Although different long-term evaluations are still pending, the KLUGentscheiden! intervention could provide an important tool to train complex decision-making in high-school students. In its essentials, it could also be applied to other career choices of young individuals, such as choosing majors, a final thesis, a job, or a field of work.
From Evangelical to Structural: A Typology of European Sport for Social Cohesion Programmes
Authors: Moustakas Louis
Published: October 2022

Despite growing activity connecting sport to social cohesion, in sport-related literature, social cohesion is poorly defined and primarily organised along narrow dimensions of social relations or social capital. Yet social cohesion is a complex, multidimensional concept that encompasses ideas of belonging, shared values, trust, and civic participation. Much literature does not explore these other components in-depth, and we know little about how sport programmes understand and address these components of social cohesion. Against this background, using qualitative data from a mapping survey completed by 84 European sport organisations, this study aims to create a typology of the main sport for social cohesion approaches in Europe. In the end, four main types are identified: evangelical approaches that rely solely on the power of sport; value approaches that mix sport participation with the promotion of values; integration approaches that combine sport and civic participation to foster social capital and cohesion; and belonging approaches that encourage trust, dialogue and a greater sense belonging. To conclude, these types are critically discussed and situated against existing literature, and the outline of a fifth, more structural type is presented.
Mistifikasi Jalinan Komunikasi Pada TVC Air Minum Dalam Kemasan
Authors: Irwanto Irwanto , Hariatiningsih Laurensia Retno , Ningtyas Dito Anjasmoro
Published: October 2022

Abstract - This is a study that reveals how mystification is packaged using the narrative of mother-child communication in the Mother's Day version of the Aqua branded beverage product advertisement. The mother's day version of Aqua's advertising communicator takes advantage of the nature of a mother who always loves and protects, especially to her children and the momentum is released to coincide with the events of Mother's Day. This study uses a qualitative approach by using a critical paradigm. then analyze the sign of communication used in advertising by using Barthes semiotics. The unit of analysis is taken purposively and in the form of audio, visual and text. Barthes' idea about the relation between signifier, sign and then the meaning of denotation, connotation and myth led researchers to a finding that advertising communicators perform mystification very subtly. There is a personification of Aqua water as if it has love and protection like a mother The construction process carried out by Aqua advertising communicators is also a myth. Next, he packs the scene of the child's communication relationship with his parents as his denotative aspect and the scene of giving gifts as the connotation of the gimmick he uses. In this study, it was also found that capitalism cannot be separated from the ideology that underlies the communicators of the Mother's Day version of Aqua advertising to do mystification.Keywords : Mystification, Advertising, Capitalist, Construction, Semiotics
Infodemi COVID-19 dengan Peran Social Media Fatigue, Deficient Self-Regulation, dan Promosi Diri
Authors: Triyono Nada Sandvika
Published: October 2022

Social media envelopes a tremendous impact on the spread of the COVID-19 virus information. Nevertheless, this also increases the probability of misinformation-spreading as well. Using the affordace theory as well as the cognitive load theory, this study aims to analyze the effects of social media fatigue (SMF), deficient self-regulation (DS-R), and self-promotion on the spread of the COVID-19 misinformation on social media. The population of this research includes Indonesian social media users in the age range of 18 to 24 years old, with a number of sample N=155 (retrieved from G*power software). We use the Likert scale for our questionnaire, and the convenience sampling method for our study, spreading the questionnaire through online platforms such as LINE, WhatsApp, and Instagram. The data will then be analyzed using the SPSS software. Keywords: misinformation, social media, COVID-19
Analysis of Learning and Growth, Business Processes, Costs and Service Innovation on Customer Loyalty with Customer Satisfaction as an Intervening Variable
Authors: Simanjuntak Ronaldo , Margono Hery
Published: October 2022

The aims of this study were to 1) analyze the effect of learning & growth, business processes, costs, service innovation on customer satisfaction at RSAB Harapan Kita partially or simultaneously; 2) analyze the effect of customer satisfaction on customer loyalty at RSAB Harapan Kita; and 3) knowing the effect of learning & growth, business processes, costs and service innovation on customer loyalty with customer satisfaction as an intervening variable at RSAB Harapan Kita. This study uses a quantitative approach with multiple linear regression analysis techniques. The population in this study was patients, which included outpatients at RSAB Harapan Kita in 2020. The sampling technique used was a non-probability sampling technique with an accidental sampling approach, so that 97 respondents were obtained. The data collection technique used a closed questionnaire with a measurement scale using a five-point Likert scale. The results of the study can be concluded that overall there is an effect of learning, business processes, costs and innovation (variable X) on loyalty (Y) through customer satisfaction (Z).
HOW TO STUDY EMOTIONS IN THE (POLISH) ENLIGHTENMENT?
Authors: Cieński Marcin
Published: October 2022

The affective turn is one of the well-visible so-called twists in contemporary cultural research, which also has clear repercussions for literary research. The literature discussing the phenomenon itself, especially using the methodological solutions introduced by this phrase, is extensive. These methodological solutions are particularly willingly applied to new and newest phenomena, emerging and taking place since the middle of the 20th century. However, contemporary affective research largely grows out of an interest in the emotions of old times, to refer to the works of Barbara Rosenwein. Thus, it seems fully justified to look at the broadly understood emotional phenomena in the 18th century using methods falling within the framework of the affective turn. Of course, the affective turn will not contribute to discovering the existence of new emotions in the Enlightenment Age, because research into the emotionality of this period has a long tradition, especially in the study of sentimentalism. This term prompts reflection on the network of concepts and terms in the field of emotions concerning various cultures and literature of the 18th century. The essential part of this paper is an attempt to answer the questions about what testimonies of Polish 18th-century emotionality are at our disposal today and with what methods they can be interpreted. In other words, it will be an attempt to consider what we can see – thanks to the sensitivity to emotions, also related to the methods of affective turn – in the emotional (mainly textual, but also, for example, iconic) Polish space of the second half of the 18th and the beginning of the 19th century.
Afrykański strój, europejskie tkaniny i katolicka moda w Ghanie
Authors:   Institute of Ethnology and Cultural Anthropology, Jagiellonian University in Cracow, Niedźwiedź Anna
Published: October 2022

This paper discusses the complex history behind today’s African dresses, especially those used in the context of African Christianity in contemporary Ghana, where the author conducted ethnographic fieldwork. The history of clothes and fabrics used broadly today as markers of African identity reveals the hybrid and changing character of fashion. The first part of the paper focuses on the history of nakedness as a concept framed by the missionaries’ imagination and the colonial hegemonic gaze on the “African body”. Then the process of “inventing clothes for Africans” is discussed with a special emphasis on the development of the African wax print. In the final part, examples of contemporary “African dresses” are analyzed in the context of today’s post-missionary lived Catholicism in Ghana. Clothes are used as markers of religious and ethnic identities; they also express hierarchies and form gender roles. Additionally, they are intimately connected with individual bodies, shaping them as tools in religious practices.
Antropologia pieniądza w Somalilandzie
Authors: Trojan Wojciech Bolesław
Published: October 2022

Somaliland has survived a period of complete isolation and financial blockade associated with being cut off of the SWIFT system, owing to emigrants residing in the UK, Canada, Australia and the Scandinavian countries, who assisted their families in the country of origin via the money transfers of the hawala system. The income from the seaport of Berbera and a tax on khat sales are sources of enrichment for the major Somaliland clans. During the sanctions period, transnational know-how was developed, which allowed for the creation of a modern, autonomous system of certified money transfers. As in the case of hawala, the success was based on the capital of trust and on customer networks. The internal market of Somaliland uses the GSM cell phone network for daily money transactions. In practice, the plan for independent cashless transactions has been fulfilled. Somaliland has made a digital revolution in line with the sharia law, defending its financial sovereignty.
Prawo, polityka i praktyka – podstawy legitymizacji (i delegitymizacji) medycyny „tradycyjnej” w Tanzanii
Authors:   Institute of Ethnology and Cultural Anthropology, University of Warsaw, Pawlik Olga
Published: October 2022

The article gives a brief overview of the changes that have occurred in recent years (2015–2021) in the practice of “traditional” medicine in Tanzania and of the network of not always obvious links that led to these changes. I will walk the reader through the law to which traditional medicine practitioners are subject, the dynamics of its enforcement, and the direct impact that the recently deceased President John Pombe Magufuli has had on this and other aspects of social life in Tanzania. The article is based on fieldwork research conducted in 2015–2021, Tanzanian legal documents, and press reports on the political situation in that country.
Khat. Lubrykant społeczny Somalilandu
Authors:   Institute of Ethnology and Cultural Anthropology, University of Warsaw, Ząbek Maciej
Published: October 2022

This article proposes a synthetic account of the social role of khat (qat), the green leaves of the Catha edulis plant, the most popular stimulant in the Horn of Africa sub-region (Somalia and Ethiopia). Chewing these leaves is an old ritual in this region that can be compared to the practice of drinking coffee or wine, or consuming coca leaves in South America. The aim of the text is to focus not on the physiological or psychological properties of this plant but on its recreational and integrative function: stimulating social interactions, helping Muslims in particular to feel more comfortable during social gatherings, being a drug that facilitates breaking the ice and making new friends.
Wspomnienie niewolnictwa w budowaniu tożsamości współczesnego Beninu
Authors:   Faculty of Theology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Pawlik Jacek Jan
Published: October 2022

The memory of slavery appeared in the political discourse of Benin in the 1990s. This was related to the change of the state system and an attempt to involve the African- American diaspora in the development of the country and the revival of cultural tourism. The article presents the memorialization of internal slavery through new ritual complexes, then looks for reasons for the silence surrounding the slave trade. Finally, it goes to the heart of the political debate of the 1990s, showing how slavery was used to build communication with the diaspora either on the basis of Vodun cults or on the basis of repentance and reconciliation. The fact that the ancestors participated in the slave trade in the past does not affect the descendants’ sense of identity.