bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECT OF SWEDISH MASSAGE AND CONTRAST HYDRIATIC APPLICATIONON PAIN, EDEMA AND EFFUSION IN KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS PATIENTS
Authors:   Professor/Chief Medical Officer, Dept. of Naturopathy, Nandha Naturopathy and Yoga Medical College and Hospital, Erode, Tamilnadu., Mohanan Renjish , Subha M. Jerin ,   Professor/ Senior Medical Officer, Dept. of Physiology, Nandha Naturopathy and Yoga Medical Collegeand Hospital, Erode, Tamilnadu.
Published: January 2024

Kneeosteoarthritis (KOA) is themostcommondegenerativejoint diseaseandamajorcauseofpainanddisabilityinadultindividuals. Swedish Massage(SM)andContrasthydriaticapplicationsare beingutilizedbyKOAsufferers,andtheyrepresentattractive, potentiallyeffectiveoptionstomanagepain,oedemaandeffusion, andit offerasafe, simple, economicalandeffectivecomplementtothemanagementofKOA.Thesampleconsistedofpatients(n=40) whoseage group range between33-85years, clinicalkneeosteoarthritisaccordingtotheAmericanCollegeofRheumatologyClinicalCriteriaandKellgren andLawrence(KL)radiographicosteoarthritisgrade2and3(mildtomoderateradiographicosteoarthritis).Theintensityofthepainrecordbyusingavisual analogue scale (VAS), Edemaassessmentbyusing edemagradingsystemisoftenusedtodeterminetheseverityof theedemaonascalefrom+1to+4andEffusionassessmentbygrading ScaleoftheKnee Joint basedontheStrokeTest.Theresults, after applyingpaired ttesttocomparebetweenpreandpostscoreofpain, edemaandeffusion. ThegoalofthepresentstudywastoexaminetheeffectsofSwedishmassageandContrasthydriaticapplicationonpain, edemaandeffusioninkneeosteoarthritispatients. ThefindingsofthisstudyshowastrongcorrelationbetweenreductionofpainlevelsafterSwedishmassagefollowedbyhotandcoldapplication to theOAkneesandstatisticallysignificantdifferencesinpain,edemaandeffusionscoresbeforeandaftermassage. In addition, theparticipantsreportedimprovedrangeofmotionofthekneejoints,relaxationeffects, emotionalwellbeingandoverallimprovedqualityoflife. Beforethetreatment, themeanpainlevelrecordedbythepatientswas6.48Â±0.22.AfterSwedish massageandcontrasthydriaticapplication, themeanpainlevelwas1.58Â±0.16.Theobservedreductioninpainwasstatisticallysignificant.In addition,thereisasignificantreductioninedemaasmeasuredbyedemascalefrom2.58Â±0.14before treatment to0.5Â±0.09aftertreatment.Furthermore,theknee jointeffusionasmeasuredbythestroketestshowedareductionfrom0.8Â±0.09beforetreatmentto0.26Â±0.06aftertreatment. ThecurrentstudysupportstheresearchhypothesisthattheSwedishmassagefollowedbyalternatehot and cold applicationscan be easily implemented to reduce pain, swelling, effusionoftheOAknees, therebyimprovingparticipantsactivitiesofdailyliving.
NAVIGATING THE NEXUS: A CRITICAL INQUIRY INTO THE INTERSECTION OF EDUCATION AND POLITICAL POWER IN RAVINDER SINGHS YOUR DREAMS ARE MINE NOW
Authors:   Assistant Professor & Head Department of English N.E.S. Science College, Nanded., Vasantrao Kulkarni Vibhati
Published: January 2024

The novels written by Ravinder Singh (February 4, 1982) cover a wide range of important themes, including friendship, marriage, sexuality, family conflict, personal tragedy, emotion, social issues, caring, and romantic relationships. The goal of this research paper is to identify the themes such as love, lust, corruption in education, womens exploitation, and social injustice that can be found in Ravinder Singhs novelYour Dreams Are Mine Now. The paper will examine the harshness of political interference in the educational system.It will mainly focus on the sorrowful story of two lovers fighting for womens security which represents the vulnerability of contemporary social injustice brought on by gender and caste disparities.
STRUCTURE ET DISTRIBUTION DE LA POPULATION DE BALANITES AEGYPTIACA (L.) DEL. DANS LA COMMUNE RURALE DE SIMIRI (NIGER)
Authors:   Universite dAgadez, Faculte des Sciences et Techniques, Departement de Biologie, BP 199 Agadez, Niger., Soumaila Mounkaila , Karimou Ibrahim Adamou ,   Universite Djibo Hamani de Tahoua, Faculte des Sciences Agronomiques, Departement des Productions Animales, BP 255 Tahoua, Niger., Soukaradji Barmo ,   Institut National des Recherches Agronomiques du Niger, BP: 429 Niamey, Niger., Boube Morou ,   Universite Dandicko Dan Koulodo Faculte des Sciences et Techniques Departement de Biologie, BP: 465 Maradi, Niger., Ali Mahamane ,   Universite Abdou Moumouni de Niamey, Faculte des Sciences et Techniques Departement de Biologie, BP 10662 Niamey, Niger., Mahamane Saadou ,   Universite Abdou Moumouni de Niamey, Faculte des Sciences et Techniques Departement de Biologie, BP 10662 Niamey, Niger.
Published: January 2024

In the context of the rampant destruction of natural resources, a study on the populations of Balanites aegyptiaca was carried out in Simiri. The objective of the study is to improve the understanding of the natural and anthropogenic ecological processes which are determining the distribution and structure of these populations. The survey device used is systematic with 4 transects of 2 km each arranged radially around the villages. Analysis of vegetation data shows that the floristic diversity of the area is declining. A total of 26 species divided into 19 genera and 12 families are inventoried. The most represented families are Combretaceae and Mimosaceae with 23.08% each. The population is dominated by Combretum glutinosum (30.26%), Balanites aegyptiaca (16.59%), Acacia albida (10.85%), Ziziphus mauritiana (9.35%), Guiera senegalensis (8.29%) and Piliostigma reticulatum (5.84%). The spatial distribution of Balanites aegyptiaca is under the influence of natural dynamic processes and anthropogenic actions with great variability in its density both at the village scale and at the scale of geomorphological and land use units. Furthermore, their specific structure is recurrently approved, which gives them great ecological importance in the municipality. The demographic structure of Balanites aegyptiaca, for its part, showed the population, an appreciable proportion of young individuals, and aging populations and thus confirms the importance of this woody resource. However, renewal (92%) constitutes, at the current state, the structural problem because of the strong competition for the seed.
THE EFFECTS OF AL2O3 AND CR2O3ZEOLITES DURING THE DYNAMIC REGIME HYDROTREATING REACTION FOR TARFAYA OIL SHALE (MOROCCO). DUALITY OF ENERGY AND CONVERSION
Authors:   DepartmentofChemistry,FacultyofSciencesBenmsikCasablanca,UniversityHassanIIMorocco., Attaoui Abdeljabbar
Published: January 2024

Catalyzed hydropyrolysis has been the subject of several studies. These studies are based on thermal reactions under hydrogen aided by catalysts that facilitate the diffusion of heat and matter through their pores. Supercritical extraction (J. Triday and J.M. Smith. 1988) of solid compounds are reactions influenced by interparticle position, pore diffusion, interphase mass, heat transfer and flow in the differential reactor. Zeolites include Al2O3 and Cr2O3.In this study, we monitored the effects of these zeolites during the decomposition of Tarfaya oil shale (Morocco) under dynamic hydrogen conditions (21Â°C/min), using thermogravimetry and calorimetry. The results obtained using Al2O3 (alumina) can be summarized as an increase in the rate of pyrite conversion, invariability for calcite and dolomite, and a decrease for quartz, kaolinite and chlorine compounds. When chromium oxide Cr2O3 was used, however, energetic deactivation was observed. The techniques used in this study include dispersive XRD coupled with scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetry with amplified differential calorimetry (DCA), a precise and reproducible calorimetric technique.
TO STUDY EFFECT OF MEDICAL NUTRITION THERAPY IN PATIENTS OF GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors:   M.S. Obstetrics and Gynecology, Senior Resident, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at NetajiSubhash Chandra Medical College and Hospital Jabalpur, M.P., Parveen Khan Azra , Ashafaq Mohd ,   Resident Doctor , Department of General Medicine at Jaiprakash Hospital and Research Center pvt ltd,Rourkela, Odisha., Ghanghoriya Vineeta ,   M.S.,FICOG,FMAS, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Associate Professor Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at NetajiSubhash Chandra Medical College and Hospital Jabalpur, M.P.
Published: January 2024

Aim:To studyeffect of medical nutrition therapy on patients with gestational diabetes mellitus. Design:This is an prospective observational study and techniques used are clinical and noninvasive. Methods:The prospective observational study was conducted on 890 antenatal subjects attending antenatal clinic at tertiary care hospital during their second trimester of pregnancy. The study was conducted from 1st march 2021 to 31st august 2022.DIPSI criteria recommended by FOGSI and FIGO(2020) for GDM was used . Single step test was used irrespective of last meal and cutoff value of> 140 was used [after 2 hours] to diagnose GDM. All the subjects were followed till delivery and were divided in two groups on the basis of sugar charting 24 hours before starting any treatment. Statistical Analysis: Data was analysed using IBM- Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0. Frequency distribution, percentages and Chi square test and spearson correlation test was used for statistical analysis. P value <0.05 was considered significant. Results:Out of 890 cases ,84 cases were screened positive .Hence incidence of GDM in present study was 9.4%.24 hours sugar charting was done and those who were having normal sugar profile around 65 patients were kept on observation only and around 17 were managed by medical nutrition therapy and other require pharmacotherapy. Conclusion:In Indian context, screening for GDM is essential in all pregnant women as the Indian women have 11 fold increased risk of developing glucose intolerance during pregnancy compared to Caucasian women. Simple test which is economical, feasible,does not require long stay or frequent visit to hospital is and causes least disturbance to pregnant womensdaily activities is required. DIPSI as a diagnostic tool for GDM issimple,one step, low cost and veryconvenient.An early diagnosis is always better as it gives enough .time to correct and prevent complications.Medical nutrition therapy is very much effective way to treat gestational diabetes mellitus as it doesnt harm baby as well as no side effects are there in this therapy. Abbreviations:Gestational diabetes mellitus-GDM,diabetes in pregnancy and study group-DIPSI.
DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF GREEN SPACES IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA: WHAT ROLES FOR NATIVE PLANT SPECIES?
Authors:   MSc, Assistant, Belgian, Masuku University of Science and Technology, BP 941 Franceville, Gabon., Dumortier Julie , Daudet Medza Mve Samson ,   PhD, Senior Lecturer, Gabonese, Masuku University of Science and Technology, BP 941 Franceville, Gabon., Doungous Oumar ,   PhD, Master Research, Cameroonian, Institute of Agricultural Research for Development, Ekona Regional Research Centre, PMB 25 Buea, Cameroon.
Published: January 2024

Ordinary models of development and management of green spaces in sub-Saharan Africa, often based on fragmented functional zoning with the use of exotic species requiring lot of maintenance, seems today unsuited to the challenges of sustainable development. Land pressures due to rural exodus and the lack of urban planningmake the future of urban vegetation difficult without understanding the real contribution of greenery. Integrating native plant species along with their ecosystem services into development and management plans could be an advantageous alternative. Indeed, assimilation of ecosystem services permit a better social implication and allows the population to understand the importance and the benefits they can afford from green spaces. Smart design could keep green attractiveness leading to a better integration of these spaces which could then contribute to improving citizens lifes quality while preserving the environmental and the economic importances of green spaces. In this context, native plants species in public spaces could be the link between social interest, economic rationality and biodiversity respect.
LIP CANCER: THE DIFFERENT MEANS OF RECONSTRUCTION (REVIEW OF 8 CASES)
Authors:   Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Center for Burned Patients, CHU Tangier-Tetouan-Al Hoceima, Morocco., Adil Dehhaze , Hanae Tazi ,   Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Center for Burned Patients, CHU Tangier-Tetouan-Al Hoceima, Morocco., Mouad Echmili ,   Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Center for Burned Patients, CHU Tangier-Tetouan-Al Hoceima, Morocco., Nada-Imane Daghouri ,   Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Center for Burned Patients, CHU Tangier-Tetouan-Al Hoceima, Morocco., Rim Labbaci ,   Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Center for Burned Patients, CHU Tangier-Tetouan-Al Hoceima, Morocco., Diher Issam ,   Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Center for Burned Patients, CHU Tangier-Tetouan-Al Hoceima, Morocco., Otmane Taybi ,   Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Center for Burned Patients, CHU Tangier-Tetouan-Al Hoceima, Morocco., Sara Tita ,   Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Center for Burned Patients, CHU Tangier-Tetouan-Al Hoceima, Morocco.
Published: January 2024

Lip cancer is a frequent tumor of the head and neck region. Surgery is the treatment of choice for most of these cancers. Although there are several strategies to reconstruct lip tumors after tumor ablation this reconstruction is a challenge for the plastic surgeon. A retrospective review of the patients treated for lip cancer in the plastic reconstructive and esthetic Surgery Department of University Hospital Mohammed VI , from march 2021 to June 2023. Only patients withhistological confirmation of lip cancer were included. All the cases were evaluated for demographic features, tumor characteristics, and lip reconstructive surgery used. There were 5 male and 3 female patients. (5/3 ratio). with an average age of 57 years. the lower lip was the most frequently affected (63%), Most tumors were squamous cell carcinomas in 6 cases (75 %) a basal cell carcinoma (BCC) in 2 case (25%), and were located in the lower lip in 5 cases (63 %). Different surgical techniques were used for lip reconstruction after tumor ablation: a V-shaped wedge excision and direct repair was performed in 2 (25 %) patients W-shaped wedge excision in 1 patient (13%) (figure 5) The Karapandzic flap was performed in 5 cases (62) (4 patients karapandzicbilatÃ©ral and 1 case unilateral The most significant aspect of lip cancer surgery is tumor ablation, and that is not affected by the subsequent reconstructive strategy. Careful preoperative assessment and planning will allow the surgeon to reach an acceptable balance between form and function with the reconstruction.
EFFECTIVENESS OF EDUCATIONAL INTERVENTION ON KNOWLEDGE REGARDING IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA AMONG ADOLESCENT GIRLS RESIDING IN URBAN SLUMS
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Community HealthNursing, K.G.M.U.College of Nursing, Lucknow., Shukla N. , Kumar R. ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Community HealthNursing, K.G.M.U.College of Nursing, Lucknow., Agrawal M. ,   Professor, Social and Preventive Medicine, King Georges Medical University, Lucknow.
Published: January 2024

Adolescence is defined by the World Health Organization as the period of time between the ages of 10 and 19. Five millionof these young people live in poor countries. Adolescence is a substantial stage of human development and maturation where there are unique changes and many adult bodies are high of the overall population, teenage girls make up 22% and figures indicate that by the time they enter menarche, approximately 25-50 percent of girls become anaemic.A quasi experimental one group pre-test, post-test research design was appliedto determine the effectiveness of educational intervention regarding iron deficiency anaemia among 50 adolescent girls by purposive sampling technique.The data was collected through structured knowledge questionnaire. An educational intervention was administered to the adolescent girls.Statistical analysis used: the paired t-test was used to assess the effectiveness of educational intervention regarding iron deficiency anaemia among adolescent girls.The researcher found that the calculated value was significantly higher than the tabulated value i.e. t- value i.e., 5.52 and calculated value i.e., 2.44 which showed the effectiveness of educational programme regarding iron deficiency anaemia. Hence, the intervention was effective in terms of knowledge.The study concluded that the educational intervention was effective in improving the level of knowledge regarding iron deficiency anaemia.
AN OVERLAPPING CASE OF IGG4-RELATED DISEASE AND SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS
Authors:   Gastroenterology Department at Mohamed VI Universal Hospital of Marrakesh, Morocco., Mariama Jarti , Fatima Ezahra Aharbil ,   Gastroenterology Department at Mohamed VI Universal Hospital of Marrakesh, Morocco., bouatmani Mouna El ,   Gastroenterology Department at Mohamed VI Universal Hospital of Marrakesh, Morocco., Oussama Nacir ,   Gastroenterology Department at Mohamed VI Universal Hospital of Marrakesh, Morocco., Fatima Ezzahra Lairani ,   Gastroenterology Department at Mohamed VI Universal Hospital of Marrakesh, Morocco., Errami Adil Ait ,   Gastroenterology Department at Mohamed VI Universal Hospital of Marrakesh, Morocco., Sofia Oubaha ,   Laboratory of Physiology, University Cadi Ayyad, Marrakesh, Morocco., Zouhour Samlani ,   Gastroenterology Department at Mohamed VI Universal Hospital of Marrakesh, Morocco., Khadija Krati ,   Gastroenterology Department at Mohamed VI Universal Hospital of Marrakesh, Morocco.
Published: January 2024

Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a rare newly discovered systemic immune-mediated fibroinflammatory disease of unknown etiology that can affect multiple organs. Involvement of the pancreas and biliary tract is the most common and well described in the literature. It shares certain similarities with cholangiocarcinoma. IgG4 sclerosing cholangitis (IgG4-SC) is an immune-mediated process that results in inflammation and fibrosis of the pancreatobiliarytract. Although IgG4-SC is predominantly associated with autoimmune pancreatitis, IgG4-SC as its own entity can be difficult to diagnose. Our case is presenting the fact that systemic lupus erythematosus and autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) and IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis, revealed by jaundice with cholestasis disease can be present in the same patient with multiple overlapping features making accurate diagnosis challenging. There are still significant gaps in our understanding, particularly in terms of pathogenesis and factors that influence therapy response. Further observational and interventional research is needed to better manage this disease.
PERCEPTION, ADOPTION, AND PATTERN OF USAGE OF FINTECH SERVICES BY BANK CUSTOMERS: A STUDY OF PRAYAGRAJ DISTRICT IN UTTAR PRADESH
Authors:   Department of Commerce & Business Administration University of Allahabad., Shyam Keshav
Published: January 2024

With the advent of technology, banking and financial services have widened their scope. India achieved the FinTech adoption rate of 87 percent as against the global average of 64% mainly contributed by FinTech startups aiming for providing access to financial services even in the remotest areas. Realizing the potential of FinTech to contribute toward financial inclusion and stability, the Governments have taken requisite steps toward digital transformation and promote FinTech ventures. In order to meet the customers needs, collaborative moves with FinTech firms have been initiated by financial institutions as well. The present research aims to analyse the relationship between different demographic profiles, the adoption of FinTech services, the perception, user pattern, and constraints faced by the customers in using FinTech services. The results based on survey of 175 respondents. The analysis of data reveal significant association between usage of FinTech services and different demographic profiles. However, the awareness and use of such services exist among the young generation . While the FinTech companies gained the popularity in payment space, it is observed that provides constraints for the growth of technology-based services among the sample respondents.
The Self-made Victim in the Crosshairs of East-West Confrontation: Ravi’s Odyssey in O V Vijayan’s The Legends of Khasak
Authors:   St Berchmans College, Changanassery  & PhD Researcher, Christ University, Bengaluru., Vadackel Jerome
Published: January 2024

A pathbreaking novel in Malayalam literature, Khasakkinte Ithihasam (Legend of Khasak), was written by O V Vijayan and published in 1969. It is a novel that weaves together the existential journey of the protagonist, Ravi, with the religion, characters and culture of the fictional village Khasak. The paper is written to place in relief Ravi’s inability to complete his education and analyse it in the background of the contrast Vijayan brings between Eastern and Western modes of thinking. The subsequent struggles he encounters in the single-teacher school in Khasak are read as being born of a more acute subliminal struggle. Drawing useful parallels for comparison from Jacques Derrida’s essay “The Gift of Death,” Ravi’s character, particularly his indifference towards Western education and death drive, is studied, which interestingly provides insights also into his problematic sexual life which lies at the centre of his journey to Khasak.
Digital Full-mouth Rehabilitation for Complex Cases Involving Severe Deep Overbite and Worn Dentition: A Case Report
Authors: Jannati Pooya , Afrashtehfar Kelvin I. , Vakili Faranak , Alikhasi Marzieh
Published: January 2024

Introduction:

The demand for aesthetic restorations in dentistry has led to full-mouth reconstructions or rehabilitations (FMRs) as a viable solution for treating patients with worn and altered teeth. This study presents a clinical case report of a middle-aged patient with severe tooth wear and deep overbite with digital workflows.

Case Presentation:

The case report highlighted the successful application of digital technology in the comprehensive rehabilitation of a patient with worn dentition, showcasing improved esthetics, function, and patient comfort. The case report demonstrated the potential benefits of this rapid approach in achieving successful outcomes. Digital CAD/CAM technology is a solution for optimizing the prosthetic workflow, achieving time and cost efficiency, and delivering high-quality dental restorations.

Conclusion:

Future primary studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-ups can further validate the FMR digital approaches.
Clinical Performance of Two CAD/CAM Fabricated Ceramic Restorations with Different Designs for MIH Rehabilitation: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Montaser Ayat G. , Hashem Sara N. , Ali Menna-Allah S. , Fathy Nour Alhoda , Safwat Hebatullah Ahmed , Eldehna Alaa M.
Published: January 2024

Background:

Molars affected with severe molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) require extensive restorations, which do not last for a long time and often require treatment in the form of onlays or full coverage restorations.

Objective:

A randomized clinical trial evaluated the clinical performance of two CAD/CAM fabricated ceramic restorations, Vita Suprinity (VS) and Vita Enamic (VE), with different preparation designs, occlusal veneer and endocrown, for rehabilitation of the first permanent molar affected by MIH.

Materials and Methods:

The study was registered with NCT05434884 clinical trial ID with 68 patients ranging from 8 to 13 years old, who attended the dental clinic of Al-Azhar University, Girls Branch, and suffering from a severe form of molar incisor hypomineralization. The patients were divided equally into two groups, group I, i.e., occlusal veneer (OV) group, and group II, i.e., endocrown (EN) group, according to different preparation designs related to different severity levels of first permanent molars’ hypomineralization (moderate and severe); each group was subdivided equally and randomly into two subgroups, subgroup A, i.e., Vita Suprinity (VS), and subgroup B, i.e., Vita Enamic (VE), according to the material used for fabrication of the restoration. The survival and success rates of restorations were assessed using the clinical United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria at 1 week, and 3, 6, 12, and 18 months' recall times after cementation, and statistical analysis was performed.

Results:

There was no statistically significant difference between groups and subgroups in terms of all evaluation parameters during the whole observational period.

Conclusion:

Based on observations, occlusal veneer and endocrown designs fabricated from CAD/CAM VS and VE showed similar clinical success in the rehabilitation of first permanent molars with severe MIH over 18 months of evaluation.
An Audit of Saudi Dental Students’ Opinions and Attitudes toward Digital Dentistry
Authors: Madfa Ahmed A. , Al-Ibrahim Ibrahim K. , Alshammary Freah L. , Alharbi Salwa M. , Alharbi Bandar B.
Published: January 2024

Background:

Digital technologies have gained prominence recently and are increasingly essential to the development of dentistry. Hence, the aim of this research was to examine the utilization of digital technology among dental students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Methods:

Electronic surveys were delivered to dental students in Saudi Arabia in a random manner. A total of 816 questionnaires were collected, of which 778 were considered eligible for inclusion in the study. The survey sought data pertaining to gender, age, and educational level, and individuals' involvement in the study was entirely voluntary. The participants were instructed to fill out the questionnaires in accordance with their observations and personal experiences. The acquired data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, which included numerical values and percentages. The statistical analyses employed in this study involved the utilization of the Chi-square test and Fisher's Exact test to evaluate the obtained outcomes.

Results:

Out of a total of 778 students, 758 (97.43%) possessed knowledge regarding digital dentistry, of which 715 (91.9%) acquired knowledge through their college education. Conversely, a comparatively smaller subset of 20 students (2.6%) lacked awareness regarding digital dentistry. The findings of the study indicate that interns and clinical students exhibited significantly greater levels of knowledge compared to preclinical students (p < 0.01). In relation to the implementation of digital dentistry in clinical practice, 677 (87.0%) responded yes, whereas 101 (13.0%) expressed a negative viewpoint. In the context of digital technology utilization, 695 (89.3%), expressed the view that digital dentistry is advantageous in terms of diagnostic capabilities. Conversely, 79 (10.2%), held the belief that digital dentistry has the potential to effectively facilitate clinical treatment. A total of 766 (98.5%) participants had a positive perception regarding the enhancement of dental procedure quality through the implementation of digital dentistry. 737 students (94.7%) expressed the belief that digital dentistry would ultimately supplant conventional dental services. A significant majority of the sample 765 (98.3%) replied yes to both questions regarding higher learning outcomes and the necessity of acquiring skills and training.

Conclusion:

The findings of this study found that dental students possess a strong understanding of digital technology, perhaps serving as a source of motivation for engaging in practice.
Enhancing Organic Carbon Content in Tropical Soils: Strategies for Sustainable Agriculture and Climate Change Mitigation
Authors: Adekiya Aruna Olasekan , Alori Elizabeth Temitope , Ogunbode Timothy Oyebamiji , Sangoyomi Titilayo , Oriade Opeyemi Abosede
Published: January 2024

Background:

Tropical soils are characterized by low soil organic carbon (SOC) contents, which can negatively impact soil fertility, water retention, overall agricultural productivity, and food security.

Objective:

This paper aimed to review and synthesize the current body of literature on the restoration of SOC in tropical soils.

Methods:

A total of about 152 related articles were downloaded from electronic journal databases using search keywords, such as organic carbon (OC), conservation tillage, intercropping, biochar, and tropical soil. We discussed conservation tillage practices, such as reducing soil disturbance and respiration from the soils, as a means to promote soil OC sequestration. We also highlighted the importance of crop residue retention, which not only increases organic matter inputs and soil nutrients but also promotes soil water retention and reduces soil erosion.

Results:

Cover crops and crop rotation are identified as effective practices to cover bare ground during planting seasons, reduce erosion, and prevent nutrient losses through leaching and runoff. Additionally, we review the role of fertilizer application, manure and compost application, intercropping, agroforestry, and biochar as strategies to enhance OC content in tropical soils. We highlight the benefits of incorporating organic amendments, such as manure and compost, to improve soil structure and water-holding capacity. Furthermore, we discuss the potential of biochar, a carbon-rich material produced from biomass pyrolysis, as a strategy to sequester OC in tropical soils.

Conclusion:

Overall, this review provides insights into various strategies that can be implemented to increase the OC content of tropical soils, which can have multiple benefits for soil health, agricultural productivity, and climate change mitigation. Further research and implementation of these practices can contribute to mitigating climate change, conserving soil resources, and promoting sustainable agriculture in tropical regions.
PRKCA and TCF4 Genetic Variants in Anxiety Symptoms and Generalized Anxiety Disorder in a Sample of Colombian Subjects Selected on the Basis of High Anxiety Scores
Authors: Leon Rodriguez Daniel Arturo , Montes Lucía Uribe , Quiñones Breyner Joel , Zamora Santiago , Moreno Lina , Villamil William , González-Giraldo Yeimy , Baez Sandra , Forero Diego A. , Trujillo-Güiza Martha Liliana
Published: January 2024

Objective:

There are several anxiety disorders leading to a high burden of disease around the world, including Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD). The heritability of GAD suggests that genetic factors play an important role in its development; however, further research in this area is needed in Latin America. This study aimed to analyze the possible association between two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), rs2244497 and rs1452789, located in the PRKCA and TCF4 genes with anxiety symptoms and GAD based on high anxiety scores in a sample of selected Colombian subjects.

Methods:

We evaluated 303 participants using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Zung’s Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (ZSAS). Subjects with high scores in both scales (according to established cut-off points) participated in a psychiatric evaluation for the diagnosis of GAD. TaqMan assays were employed to genotype the SNPs, and statistical analyses were performed using logistic and linear regression.

Results:

In a sample of Colombian subjects selected on the basis of high anxiety scores, we found a significant association between the rs2244497 SNP in the PRKCA gene and higher scores in anxiety symptoms, where people carrying the T/T genotype had the highest scores for HADS scale. However, we did not observe this association in people diagnosed with GAD. In addition, the SNP in TCF4 (rs1452789) did not have an association with anxiety symptoms or GAD diagnosis.

Conclusion:

This study contributes to the analysis of the molecular basis of anxiety disorders in selected Latin American samples. However, further studies are necessary to understand the role of rs2244497 SNP in the PRKCA gene and the risk for higher scores in anxiety symptoms.
An Empirical Analysis of Work-life Balance on Work from Home during Covid-19 Pandemic: A Comparative Study on Men and Women
Authors: Aiswarya. P Rabuni , Perwez Syed Khalid
Published: January 2024

Purpose:

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought tremendous changes and challenges to male and female employees. The idea of work-life balance means, that a human’s life outside of the job is equally important to their work life and that the amount of time spent working should be evenly divided by the amount of time spent doing things, such as occupied hours with friends and family, exercising, and other similar ventures. Amongst other challenges, attaining satisfaction and balance is a key challenge. Aim: The purpose of this study was to conduct a comparative analysis of men's and women's work-life balance during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown, the theoretical framework of which is the work-life balance theory, which asserts that individuals should have an equitable distribution of time and energy between their work and personal life domains. The theory emphasizes the importance of maintaining a balance to promote overall well-being and satisfaction

Methodology:

The current study is descriptive, empirical, and quantitative. The data were collected through a questionnaire administered to 200 working men and women employees. The latest PLS method was also used to analyse the obtained data.

Results:

The findings reveal that women experience more workload than men because of their personal involvement in their jobs through the period of working from home. Notably, there were no gender variances in the connection between work interruptions and personal life. It was found that the organization could help to reduce work interference with personal life and that by doing so, employees’ work-life unevenness could be reduced to some level.

Practical and Social Implication:

Given the possibility of employees experiencing psychological stress, a company could consider arranging for a trained professional to provide online counselling. Such a strategic initiative by a company during stressful times could motivate employees. The environment may also aid employees in maintaining their psychological welfare

Conclusion:

Many prior studies have examined the nature of WLB and the psychological and behavioural disorders that employees face. This study aimed to investigate the work-life balance in which employees were mandated to work from home during the -19 pandemic.
Characteristics of Design and Statistical Analysis of NEI-funded Ophthalmic Clinical Trials
Authors: Zhang Wilson , Zhang Richard , Ying Gui-shuang
Published: January 2024

Objective:

To describe the characteristics of trial design and statistical analysis of the National Eye Institute (NEI)-funded randomized clinical trials (RCTs) conducted after the year 2000.

Design:

Review of 42 NEI-funded ophthalmic RCTs.

Methods:

Eligible trials were identified from ClinicalTrials.Gov and their primary result papers were identified from PubMed. Data on the design characteristics (primary outcome, number of arms, sample size, statistical power, inclusion of one eye or two eyes) and statistical analysis (statistical method for adjustment of inter-eye correlation, correction for multiple comparisons) as reported in the primary result paper were collected independently by two authors, and the differences were adjudicated by the senior author. Descriptive analyses were performed to summarize the characteristics of trial design and statistical analysis.

Main Outcome Measures:

Characteristics of trial design and statistical analysis.

Results:

Forty-two NEI-funded ophthalmic trials conducted after 2000 were included. The majority of trials were for evaluating the efficacy of drugs (57%), medical devices (21%), or procedures (14%) for the treatment of retinal diseases (45%) or pediatric eye diseases (45%). All trials were designed with at least 80% statistical power for comparing continuous (64%), binary (24%), or time-to-event (12%) primary outcome measures. In 11 (26%) trials enrolling both eyes of a participant, two eyes were in the same treatment group in 6 (55%) trials, and two-eye data were properly analyzed with adjustment for the inter-eye correlation when needed for all these trials. However, none of these trial publications explicitly stated that the inter-eye correlation was considered in the sample size and power calculation. In 13 trials with more than two arms, 12 (92%) trials adjusted for multiplicity using Bonferroni correction (42%), Hochberg procedure (42%) or Turkey’s method (17%).

Conclusion:

While the availability of two eyes of a participant may complicate the ophthalmic trial design and statistical analysis, NEI-funded trials followed good practice in the trial design and statistical analysis, with enrollment of two eyes of a participant when appropriate, and adjustment of the inter-eye correlation in the statistical analysis. The sample size and power calculation can be improved by considering the inter-eye correlation and clearly reporting such information for future ophthalmic trials is important.
Assessment of Nursing Workload and Adverse Events Reporting among Critical Care Nurses in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Alhosani Muna Ibrahim , Ahmed Fatma Refaat , Al-Yateem Nabeel , Mobarak Hassnaa Shaban , AbuRuz Mohannad Eid
Published: January 2024

Background:

Nursing is a demanding job, and excessive workloads have been demonstrated to negatively impact patient care. This study aimed to determine the associations between nursing workload on the days of intensive care unit (ICU) admission and discharge and adverse events among patients (i.e. ICU readmission and medication errors).

Methods:

This study used a retrospective cohort design. We reviewed medical records for 270 patients admitted to the ICU from three hospitals in the United Arab Emirates between February and April 2023. Collected data included patients’ demographics, diagnosis, acuity score on ICU admission/discharge days, Nursing Activities Score (NAS) on ICU admission/discharge days and adverse events reported (i.e. occurrence of medication errors and re-admission to ICU after discharge).

Results:

The nursing workload on ICU admission and discharge days was high (NAS=72.61 and NAS=52.61, respectively). There were significant associations between ICU readmission and nursing workload at ICU admission and discharge. Moreover, there was a significant relationship between the occurrence of medication errors and nursing workload on the day of ICU admission, with more medication errors occurring in patients with higher NAS scores.

Conclusion:

The complexity of nursing activities and the severity of patients’ conditions directly impact the nursing workload and patient outcomes. A practical strategy to reduce the nursing workload may be calculating the NAS to clarify the actual time spent by nurses to provide the required care based on the patient’s condition. Adoption of new technologies to enhance medication safety and minimise errors may be another strategy to reduce the impact of the high nursing workload in ICU settings.
The Effects of the Six Principles of Hygiene in Maintaining Health and Preventing Eye Diseases from the Perspective of Medieval Persian Medicine
Authors: Changizi–Ashtiyani Saeed , Mansouri Zahra , Asadi Mohammad Hossein , Khosravi Azam , Ghasempour Mehrbod , Bastani Bahar , Amini Saeed
Published: January 2024

Background:

The term “Hefz al-Sehheh” (Maintaining Health) in traditional Persian medicine has roots in six core principles and is based on the concept that maintaining health is prioritized over treatment. In this day and age of significant advancements in medical technology and therapeutics, less emphasis is being placed on maintaining health and preventing illness. This manuscript presents the viewpoints of prominent figures of medieval Persian medicine on maintaining eye health and preventing diseases.

Methods:

We reviewed the content of six medieval medical reference books written by six most prominent medieval Persian (Iranian) physicians and polymaths, i.e., Rhazes, Haly Abbas, Avicenna, Jorjani, Aghili Shirazi, and Al-Kahhal. Also, related articles were extracted from valid databases using keywords based on entry and exit criteria without time limits.

Results:

According to these prominent medieval Persian physicians and polymaths, exposure to extremely hot or cold weather or dusty air; chronic oversleeping or sleep deprivation; sleeping prone on a full stomach; excessive consumption of salty, spicy, sweet, or steamy food; and drinking cold, salted, carbonated water are harmful to eye health. They recommended purging the bowel with laxatives, eating easy-to-digest foods, practicing well-balanced exercise, and avoiding strenuous physical activity and rapid eye movements. Furthermore, they believed that the accumulation of waste products in the body is detrimental to eye health and that therapeutic bloodletting, leeching, rheuming, kohl, and catharsis with laxative drugs are highly effective for maintaining eye health. Moreover, they believed that a person's mental state, i.e., anger, sorrow, grief, joy, and happiness, would influence one's eye health.

Conclusion:

The emphasis of medieval, traditional Persian medicine on maintaining eye health deserves our attention, realization, and appreciation of the environmental and lifestyle factors that can affect our eyes and other organs' health and well-being.
Disability and Health Services: The Case of Women in Spain
Authors: Sánchez-Alberola Francisco , Meseguer-Santamaría María-Leticia
Published: January 2024

Background:

For as long as data have been collected, women with disabilities have had worse health conditions than other women. Moreover, women with disabilities make more use of healthcare services than women without disabilities.

Objective:

The main aim of this study is to analyze the impact of various factors on the use of healthcare services by this group of women at risk of exclusion.

Methods:

Binary logistic regression models are used to examine seven indicators of the use of healthcare services and evaluate the influence of factors, such as age and emotional and personal support. To that end, the analysis uses data from the most recent Spanish National Health Survey (SNHS, 2017) published by the Spanish Statistical Office (INE).

Results:

Studies on the use of healthcare services have focused on the influence of social status on economic factors and do not include explanatory variables relating to the social and family environment of women with disabilities. Therefore, this study includes variables representing home care services and emotional and personal support to capture the impact of human relationships and the home care environment on health in such a way that its importance and its effect on the use of health services can be determined, distinguishing between the general population and the female population with disabilities.

Conclusion:

The data in this study revealed important differences in the use of healthcare services by women with disabilities compared to other women and the population in general, as mentioned in the table and the results indicated above. It is essential that healthcare workers and policymakers identify and account for the different requirements of women with disabilities.
The Influence of Pass Length and Height in Europe's Top 5 Leagues in Men's Football
Authors: Cordón-Carmona Antonio , Villavicencio Álvarez Víctor Emilio , Morales Santiago Calero , Mon-López Daniel , García-Aliaga Abraham , Refoyo Ignacio
Published: January 2024

Aims:

The goal is to investigate how the length and height of passes impact a team's performance in national championships. A predictive model will be developed to analyse the success of different pass characteristics, including short, medium, and long length and ground, low, and high height. The model will be based on the points earned and will determine which combination of pass characteristics is most effective.

Background:

Passing is a critical aspect of technical skill for any football team. It involves transferring the ball from one player to another. Using a multiple linear regression model makes it possible to determine the most effective combination of pass length and height for scoring points. This model can help establish an equation that relates the three types of passes to the points scored.

Objective:

The objectives of this study are to develop a predictive model of pass length and height with the points obtained to know which type or combination of pass characteristics is most successful.

Methods:

We analyse match data from the 2017-2018 to 2020-2021 seasons of the 5 main European leagues. The variables analysed are based on pass length (short, medium and long) and height (ground, low and high). The correlation coefficient was used to measure the relationship between the variables and the points. A hierarchical multiple regression model was applied to determine the influence.

Results:

The results obtained showed that short passes explained 51% of the points scored by the teams, and the combination of the three types of distance improved the prediction to 54% of the points. About the height of the pass, when the three types were combined in the model, they managed to explain 54% of the points, where a great difference was observed between low and high passes, the high ones being more important.

Conclusión:

It can be concluded that the length and height of the pass are variables to be taken into account in obtaining points and in the team's performance.

Other:

Teams should prioritise short passes and pass along the ground, seeking to combine them with other types of passes promptly.
Ligamentous Knee Joint Instability: Association with Chronic Conditions of the Knee and Treatment with Prolotherapy
Authors: Hauser Ross A. , Steilen-Matias Danielle , Lackner Johanna B. , Rawlings Benjamin R. , Mann Jeevan , Grogan Torin , Phillips Anna
Published: January 2024

Ligamentous knee joint instability and other conditions associated with knee dysfunction are common musculoskeletal complaints that affect a large percentage of the global population. A healthy knee has normal joint mechanics and can maintain its stability as it responds to the forces placed upon it. Once undue forces, whether from injury, wear and tear, or overuse, cause the soft tissue structures of the knee to stretch beyond their normal range of motion, they can become lax, elongated, damaged, or torn, especially the ligaments. This condition, known as ligamentous knee instability, causes destructive joint forces to occur, which results in the development of other pathophysiologic conditions related to knee dysfunction, including osteoarthritis, patellar pain syndromes, tendinopathies, meniscus tears, and osteochondral defects. Traditional treatments address the consequences of joint instability, such as synovitis and joint swelling, but do not address the underlying ligament and/or disease that led to the joint instability. Prolotherapy promotes the repair of injured or degenerated tissues, such as ligaments, tendons, and menisci, by stimulating the physiological healing process of the joint. This process corrects the underlying joint instability, reduces associated pain, improves knee function, and has the potential to slow the degenerative process.