bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New abundant analytic solutions for generalized KdV6 equation with time-dependent variable coefficients using Painlevé analysis and auto-Bäcklund transformation
Authors: Singh Shailendra , Saha Ray S.
Published: March 2022

This paper considers the generalized KdV6 equation with time-dependent variable coefficients. The integrability of the considered equation is being examined by the Painlevé analysis method. Further, an auto-Bäcklund transformation method has been adopted to obtain the analytic solutions. Using this technique, five novel families of analytic solutions in the form of rational, exponential, hyperbolic and trigonometric functions have been successfully found for the considered equation. New kink-antikink and periodic soliton solutions have been discovered using this method. The solutions are graphically depicted to show the physical significance of the problem under consideration.
Impact of Driving Behavior on Commuter’s Comfort During Cab Rides: Towards a New Perspective of Driver Rating
Authors: Verma Rohit , Pargal Sugandh , Das Debasree , Parbat Tanusree , Kambalapalli Sai Shankar , Mitra Bivas , Chakraborty Sandip
Published: March 2022

Commuter comfort in cab rides affects driver rating as well as the reputation of ride-hailing firms like Uber/Lyft. Existing research has revealed that commuter comfort not only varies at a personalized level but also is perceived differently on different trips for the same commuter. Furthermore, there are several factors, including driving behavior and driving environment, affecting the perception of comfort. Automatically extracting the perceived comfort level of a commuter due to the impact of the driving behavior is crucial for a timely feedback to the drivers, which can help them to meet the commuter’s satisfaction. In light of this, we surveyed around 200 commuters who usually take such cab rides and obtained a set of features that impact comfort during cab rides. Following this, we develop a system
Ridergo
which collects smartphone sensor data from a commuter, extracts the spatial time series feature from the data, and then computes the level of commuter comfort on a five-point scale with respect to the driving.
Ridergo
uses a Hierarchical Temporal Memory model-based approach to observe anomalies in the feature distribution and then trains a multi-task learning-based neural network model to obtain the comfort level of the commuter at a personalized level. The model also intelligently queries the commuter to add new data points to the available dataset and, in turn, improve itself over periodic training. Evaluation of
Ridergo
on 30 participants shows that the system could provide efficient comfort score with high accuracy when the driving impacts the perceived comfort.
Sovereign Debt Sustainability and Central Bank Credibility
Authors: Willems Tim , Zettelmeyer Jeromin
Published: March 2022

This article surveys the literature on sovereign debt sustainability from its origins in the mid-1980s to the present and focuses on four debates. First, we evaluate the shift from an accounting-based view of debt sustainability using government borrowing rates to a model-based view that uses stochastic discount rates. Second, we review empirical tests, focusing on the relationship between primary balances and debt. Third, we discuss debt sustainability in the presence of rollover risk. And fourth, we evaluate whether government borrowing costs below rates of growth ( r < g) generate a free lunch, in the sense that debt sustainability does not require future primary surpluses. We argue that liquidity services provided by sovereign debt may indeed lead to a free lunch, albeit one of limited size. The value of such services depends on the credibility of the central bank, which can be accumulated via prudent policies and subsequently drawn on to allow for looser fiscal policy.
Fluorescence Imaging of Neural Activity, Neurochemical Dynamics, and Drug-Specific Receptor Conformation with Genetically Encoded Sensors
Authors: Dong Chunyang , Zheng Yu , Long-Iyer Kiran , Wright Emily C. , Li Yulong , Tian Lin
Published: March 2022

Recent advances in fluorescence imaging permit large-scale recording of neural activity and dynamics of neurochemical release with unprecedented resolution in behaving animals. Calcium imaging with highly optimized genetically encoded indicators provides a mesoscopic view of neural activity from genetically defined populations at cellular and subcellular resolutions. Rigorously improved voltage sensors and microscopy allow for robust spike imaging of populational neurons in various brain regions. In addition, recent protein engineering efforts in the past few years have led to the development of sensors for neurotransmitters and neuromodulators. Here, we discuss the development and applications of these genetically encoded fluorescent indicators in reporting neural activity in response to various behaviors in different biological systems as well as in drug discovery. We also report a simple model to guide sensor selection and optimization.
A Theoretical Framework for Human and Nonhuman Vocal Interaction
Authors: Castellucci Gregg A. , Guenther Frank H. , Long Michael A.
Published: March 2022

Vocal communication is a critical feature of social interaction across species; however, the relation between such behavior in humans and nonhumans remains unclear. To enable comparative investigation of this topic, we review the literature pertinent to interactive language use and identify the superset of cognitive operations involved in generating communicative action. We posit these functions comprise three intersecting multistep pathways: ( a) the Content Pathway, which selects the movements constituting a response; ( b) the Timing Pathway, which temporally structures responses; and ( c) the Affect Pathway, which modulates response parameters according to internal state. These processing streams form the basis of the Convergent Pathways for Interaction framework, which provides a conceptual model for investigating the cognitive and neural computations underlying vocal communication across species.
Molecular Characteristics and Prognostic Role of MFAP2 in Stomach Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Tang Fenfen , Hu Chaoyi , Long Zhi , Liu Yanping , Li Guoqing
Published: March 2022

Molecular characteristics and prognostic role of MFAP2 were by no means stated. The MFAP2 expression and prognostic prices in this study, with Cox analysis, was employed to develop a predictive fee for MFAP2. To know about coexpression and practical networks associated with MFAP2, LinkedOmics and GEPIA2 have been used. MFAP2 expression has been increased and verified in many unbiased coalitions in TCGA-STAD tumor tissues. In addition, in each TCGA and various cohorts, increased MFAP2 was linked with lower survival. Evaluation by Cox revealed the unbiased danger to average survival, disease-specific survival, and progression-free survival of STAD used to be due to the elevated expression of MFAP2. Active community assessed the MFAP2, through which more than a few cancer-associated kinases and E2F household pathways are regulated, which shows that MFAP2 affects RNA transportation, oocyte meiosis, spliceosome, and ribosome biogenesis. MFAP2 can predict and is linked to the prediction of STAD independently. The closure of the MFAP2 link to the macrophage marker genes is, in particular, the achievable core of immune response.
Oleoylethanolamide Alleviates Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via Inhibiting Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Associated Apoptosis
Authors: Qi Shunli , Yan Qi , Wang Zhen , Liu Deng , Zhan Mengting , Du Jian , Chen Lijian
Published: March 2022

Liver ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a primary complication in major liver surgery. Our previous study about proteome profiling has revealed that the PPAR signaling cascade was significantly upregulated during liver ischemia/reperfusion. To elucidate the potential mechanisms of PPARα involved in I/R injury, we used oleoylethanolamide (OEA), the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) agonist, in this study. We demonstrated a protective role of OEA on liver I/R injury by using a mouse model of partial warm ischemia-reperfusion and hypoxia-reoxygenation model of hepatocytes. These effects were caused by ameliorating liver damage, decreasing the level of serum ALT and AST, and reducing the apoptosis of hepatocytes. Furthermore, a mechanistic study revealed that OEA regulated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress by activating PPARα, thereby reducing ER stress-associated apoptosis to attenuate liver I/R injury. Briefly, these data first proposed that OEA-mediated PPARα activation could be an effective therapy against hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury.
Study on the Application of Digital Information Technology in Music Teaching
Authors: Cheng Hao , Zhong Hao-ze , Ben Ke-cheng
Published: March 2022

In order to deal with the great challenge of the arrival of information society to the traditional music teaching concept and practice, an overview of the teaching ability structure of music normal students supported by information technology is put forward. The changes in the structure of teaching ability caused by information technology are analyzed, that is, to analyze the cultivation of teaching ability of music normal students by integrating music subject knowledge with information technology platform and promoting relevant elements in combination with teaching activities. By using Fitzgerald and our proposed long+short method to separate Beach Boys songs at the singing music ratio of -6, 0, and +6 dB, the singing signal (left column) and music signal (right column) are relative to the average values of SDR (first row), SIR (second row), and SAR (third row) of pure singing and pure music. Experiments show the effectiveness of this method.
Mechanism of Internet of Things (IoT) Integrated with Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Technology for Healthcare System
Authors: Mohammad Gouse Baig , Shitharth Shitharth , Syed Salman Ali , Dugyala Raman , Rao K.Sreenivasa , Alenezi Fayadh , Althubiti Sara A , Polat Kemal
Published: March 2022

Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology has already demonstrated its use. RFID is used in many productions for different applications, for example, apparatus chasing, personal and vehicle access panels, logistics, baggage, and safety items in departmental stores. The main benefits of RFID are optimizing resources, quality customer service, improved accuracy, and efficient business and healthcare procedures. In addition, RFID can help to recognize appropriate information and help advance the probability of objects for certain functions. Nevertheless, RFID components need to be studied for use in healthcare. Antennas, tags, and readers are the main components of RFID. The study of these elements provides an understanding of the usage and integration of these components in healthcare environments. The security of the patient is now a global alarm for public health, particularly among older people who need integrated and technologically integrated physiological health monitoring systems to monitor medical needs and manage them. This paper proposes using Internet of Things (IoT) and RFID tags as an effective healthcare monitoring system. In this method, we utilize RFID dual-band protocols that are useful for identifying individual persons and are used to monitor body information using high frequency. The patient’s physiological data are monitored and collected by sensors to recognize the patient, using an RFID tag. The IoT-based RFID healthcare provides the elderly and people with physiological information. The aim is also to secure patient health records using the signing algorithm based on the hyperelliptic curve (HEC) and to provide the physician with access to health information for patients. Furthermore, the confidentiality of the medical records for patients of variable length is provided. The evaluation reveals the algorithm proposed for optimum health care with different genus curves.
Research Progress on Natural Products’ Therapeutic Effects on Atrial Fibrillation by Regulating Ion Channels
Authors: He Jinshan , Li Sicong , Ding Yumeng , Tong Yujia , Li Xuebin
Published: March 2022

Antiarrhythmic drugs (AADs) have a therapeutic effect on atrial fibrillation (AF) by regulating the function of ion channels. However, several adverse effects and high recurrence rates after drug withdrawal seriously affect patients’ medication compliance and clinical prognosis. Thus, safer and more effective drugs are urgently needed. Active components extracted from natural products are potential choices for AF therapy. Natural products like Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F.H. Chen, Sophora flavescens Ait., Stephania tetrandra S. Moore., Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi var. thomsonii (Benth.) Vaniot der Maesen., and Coptis chinensis Franch. have a long history in the treatment of arrhythmia, myocardial infarction, stroke, and heart failure in China. Based on the classification of chemical structures, this article discussed the natural product components’ therapeutic effects on atrial fibrillation by regulating ion channels, connexins, and expression of related genes, in order to provide a reference for development of therapeutic drugs for atrial fibrillation.
Blockchain-Based Privacy-Preserving Vaccine Passport System
Authors: Cao Yangzhou , Chen Jiageng , Cao Yajun
Published: March 2022

In this study, we propose a blockchain-based privacy-preserving vaccine passport system for the global prevention and control of infectious diseases. The system operates a double-chain framework which consists of a public blockchain and a consortium blockchain. Among them, the combination of the immutability of the public blockchain and Internet of Things (IoT) technology in the supply chain ensures the openness and transparency of the cold chain logistics records of the vaccines covering the stages from auditing to the target vaccination hospitals. The system adopts the consortium blockchain to achieve the balance between the protection of users’ vaccination privacy and auditing by the government departments. Specifically, a distributed system-based threshold signature is adopted in the vaccine qualification phase to resist collusion between the vaccine manufacturing company and vaccine approval institutions. The cryptographic tools such as the anonymous credentials, zero-knowledge protocols, and range proofs ensure that users do not disclose any private information other than proving that they have a legally valid vaccine passport when users display the vaccine passports to customs. At the same time, customs can apply various vaccine prevention policies based on the conditions on the specific vaccine passports. Regarding the security properties of the system, a formal security model is given along with the corresponding security proofs.
Adaptive Model of Discrete Real-Time Linear Dynamic Logic for the Optimization of Big Data Game Education Mode
Authors: Liang Yan , Zhang Wei
Published: March 2022

With the advent of the era of big data and mobile Internet, the traditional teaching model of colleges and universities has been hit unprecedentedly. In the current big data and artificial intelligence network environment, new teaching concepts, characteristics, and model applications should be analyzed, and an education model based on artificial intelligence adaptive control and negative feedback adjustment mechanisms under the big data environment should be explored. The study of this model can provide practical experience and reference value for the application, popularization, and innovation of teaching information technology in the future. Combining the characteristics of big data games, this paper proposes a college student education model based on discrete dynamic model big data game. The scores of college students represent comprehensive information such as their qualifications to provide big data university education, the credit of historical records, and the degree of reliable data transmission. Based on the general model of the adaptive learning system, we have perfected the functions of each module in the overall structure of the domain-based special subject system and designed the overall workflow of the system. Computerized evaluation is introduced into the learner module, and an adaptive evaluation system structure based on cognitive diagnosis theory is designed to achieve a personalized topic selection model for different learners and enrich learners’ experience through more detailed and specialized evaluation results. The model lays the foundation for adaptive course path recommendation. This paper proposes a discrete real-time linear dynamic logic that can express discrete real-time characteristics and all regular characteristics. It can easily describe the behavior of some complex real-time systems. Experiments show that the discrete dynamic model big data game efficiency is improved by 35.71%, which can better optimize the education model of college students. In addition, it can be concluded that the research on the effectiveness of college student education in the era of big data not only determines the safety of the ideological field of colleges and universities but also affects the thinking orientation of college students.
Study on the Absorption and Conduction Properties of Vanisulfane in Tobacco
Authors: Meng Xingang , Li Fei , Huang Qian
Published: March 2022

The purposes of this study were to explore the systemic properties of vanisulfane in tobacco plant and to provide a reference for the rational use of vanisulfane in the field. After the tobacco plants were treated by hydroponics and foliar spraying, the contents of vanisulfane in root and stem leaf were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography tandem high-resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-HRMS), and the position of vanisulfane in root and stem leaf was real-time observed through fluorescence two-photon confocal microscope. UPLC-HRMS results showed that the contents of vanisulfane in root and stem leaf gradually increased with the extension of processing time, and after 12 h treatment, the contents of vanisulfane in root and stem leaf reached the maximum levels of 31.95 and 0.215 mg/kg, respectively. In addition, fluorescence two-photon confocal microscope results showed that vanisulfane could observe in the root and stem leaf. These results showed that vanisulfane had excellent upward and downward of systemic in tobacco plants, which is helpful to guide a reference for the rational use of vanisulfane in the field.
Clinical Analysis of the Renal Protective Effect of GLP-1 on Diabetic Patients Based on Edge Detection
Authors: Wang Jing , Wang Yang , Pang Ping , Jia Xiaomeng , Yan Xu , Lv Zhaohui
Published: March 2022

With the rapid development of IoT technology, it is a new trend to combine edge computing with smart medicine in order to better develop modern medicine, avoid the crisis of information “sibling,” and meet the requirements of timeliness and computational performance of the massive data generated by edge devices. However, edge computing is somewhat open and prone to security risks, so the security and privacy protection of edge computing systems for smart healthcare is receiving increasing attention. The two groups were compared before and after treatment for blood glucose, blood lipids, blood pressure, renal function, serum advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), serum oxidative stress indicators, and levels of cAMP/PKA signalling pathway-related proteins in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The results of this study show that the reduction of AGEs, the improvement of oxidative stress, and the regulation of the cAMP/PKA signalling pathway may be associated with a protective effect against early DKD. By introducing the edge computing system and its architecture for smart healthcare, we describe the security risks encountered by smart healthcare in edge computing, introduce the solutions proposed by some scholars to address the security risks, and finally summarize the security protection framework and discuss the specific solutions for security and privacy protection under this framework, which will provide some help for the credible research of smart healthcare edge computing.
Effects of Lacidophilin Tablets, Yogurt, and Bifid Triple Viable Capsules on the Gut Microbiota of Mice with Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea
Authors: Yang Ni , Zhan Yang , Wan Jianhua , Li Yingmeng , Hu Xu , Liu Wenjun
Published: March 2022

Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) is a common morbidity caused by antibiotic use and is characterized by the dysbiosis of the gut microbiota. Several clinical trials have shown that probiotics can prevent AAD. This study aimed at investigating the effects of Lacidophilin tablets (LB), yogurt (YG), and bifid triple viable capsules (BT) on the gut microbiota of mice with AAD. Mice with diarrhea were randomly allocated to treatment groups or the control group and were treated with either LB, YG, BT, or vehicle control. The body weight, diarrhea scores, cecum index, and cecal length were determined. Fecal samples of all mice were analyzed using 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that LB, YG, and BT significantly decreased the diarrhea scores and inhibited increases in the cecum index and cecal length induced by AAD. In addition, they significantly changed the composition and richness of the gut microbiota. Specifically, they increased the abundance of the phylum Firmicutes and decreased the abundance of the phyla Bacteroidetes and the family Bacteroidaceae. Treatment with LB and YG also decreased the abundance of the phylum Proteobacteria and only LB could mediate the reduced levels of Lactobacillaceae in AAD mice. At the genus level, YG and BT treatment decreased the abundance of Bacteroides or Parasutterella. To our surprise, only LB treatment dramatically increased the abundance of Lactobacillus and decreased that of potential pathogens, such as Bacteroides, Parabacteroides, and Parasutterella, to almost normal values. Our findings indicate that LB, YG, and BT ameliorated diarrhea by regulating the composition and structure of the gut microbiota and that LB plays an important role in regulating the gut microbiota.
Two Numerical Methods for Solving the Schrödinger Parabolic and Pseudoparabolic Partial Differential Equations
Authors: Modanli Mahmut , Bajjah Bushra , Kuşulay Sevgi
Published: March 2022

In this work, the initial-boundary value problems for one-dimensional linear time-dependent Schrödinger parabolic and pseudoparabolic partial differential equations are studied. The modified double Laplace decomposition method is applied to get the semianalytic solutions and the explicit finite difference method to get the approximate solutions of the problems. The von Neumann stability analysis of the presented problems is also investigated.
The Endonasal Endoscopic Approach to Different Sinonasal Fungal Balls
Authors: Almomen Ali , Albaharna H , AlGhuneem Aishah A , AlZahir Batool Z
Published: March 2022

Background. Fungal ball sinusitis is a sinonasal fungus ball that usually affects immunocompetent adults with female predominance. The most affected sinus is the maxillary sinus. Aspergillus species is the most typically found fungus. Computed tomography (CT) scan is the gold standard tool in order to diagnose fungal ball sinusitis. The ultimate method for a fungal ball is functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS), which has a high success rate and a low morbidity rate. Objective. This study aims to demonstrate the various clinical presentations of fungal ball sinusitis including isolated maxillary sinus, sphenoid sinus, simultaneous occurrence of maxillary and sphenoid fungal ball, and post endonasal endoscopic pituitary surgery fungal ball with various age groups. Also, this study aims to emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and treatment in such cases. Patients and Methods. A retrospective study that was carried in the otorhinolaryngology department of two hospitals: King Fahad Specialist Hospital and Qatif Central Hospital, Eastern Region, Saudi Arabia. The study was conducted on a total of 16 patients who were diagnosed with paranasal sinuses fungal ball in an 11-year period from January 2008 and November 2019. Results. Out of 16 patients with paranasal sinuses fungal ball, 11 cases were female and 5 males, with age ranging between 16 and 46 years. Results showed eight isolated sphenoid (50%), six isolated maxillary fungal ball (38%), one simultaneous occurrence of the sphenoid and maxillary fungal ball (6%), and one post endonasal endoscopic pituitary surgery for pituitary adenoma (6%). CT scan was performed for all 16 cases which is the standard tool for the diagnosis of the fungal ball. Conclusion. Fungal ball may present with variety of symptoms but most commonly with postnasal discharge (PND), headache, and facial pain. CT sinuses is the diagnostic radiological modality to confirm the diagnosis. The FESS functional endoscopic sinus surgery is the gold safe approach for patients with fungal ball to manage their symptoms, confirm the diagnosis, and removal of disease with no morbidities.
Output Feedback Stabilization of Unstable Heat Equations with Time Delay in Boundary Observation
Authors: Yang Kun-Yi , Chen Lan
Published: March 2022

In this paper, an unstable heat equation where the observation signal suffers from a given time delay has been considered. In order to remove the unstable boundary condition, the original system has been converted into the stabilizing system by backstepping transformation under which the form of the stabilizing controller can be obtained. For the sake of overcoming instability produced by the time delay, firstly, we construct the Luenberger observer and design the predictor. Then, the estimated output feedback controllers have been obtained based on the observer and predictor systems. It is shown that the closed-loop system is stable exponentially. At last, numerical simulations have been given to illustrate the effectiveness of the stabilizing output feedback controllers.
Prevalence and Predictors of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy among Health Care Workers in Tertiary Health Care Institutions in a Developing Country: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study
Authors: Iwu Chinedu Anthony , Ositadinma Pius , Chibiko Victor , Madubueze Ugochukwu , Uwakwe Kenechi , Oluoha Uche
Published: March 2022

Background. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic highlighted the challenges and impact of vaccine hesitancy and the role of health care institutions in mounting an effective pandemic response. The study objective was to determine the prevalence and predictors of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among health care workers in tertiary health care institutions in Nigeria. Methods. A cross-sectional analytical design that used convenience and snowballing techniques to enroll 347 health care workers from tertiary health care institutions in Imo State, Nigeria, from September 28 to October 14, 2021. Data was collected using a structured online questionnaire and bivariate and multivariate analyses were done using SPSS at a level of significance set at

p
≤
0.05

. Result. The prevalence of vaccine hesitancy was 35.4%. HCWs of the Pentecostal faith (aOR: 2.52) and males (aOR: 2.72) were significantly more likely to be COVID-19 vaccine hesitant. About 30% of the respondents reported that they trusted information from the Internet and social media relating to COVID-19 and its vaccine. However, respondents who felt there was enough information about the vaccine and its safety were more than two and a half times more likely to be vaccine-hesitant (aOR: 2.77). About 20% and 31% of the respondents, respectively, stated that the government has an ulterior motive and that they did not trust the vaccine manufacturers. However, respondents who do not trust the government were more than two and a half times more likely to be COVID-19 vaccine hesitant (aOR: 2.69). Conclusion. The issues of vaccine hesitancy among health care workers in a developing country appear to be fundamental and very challenging to resolve. Therefore, the approach of instituting government vaccine uptake mandates for health care workers may be the solution for tackling vaccine hesitancy in health care institutions.
Three Cases of Transtracheal Catheter Oxygenation for Postoperative Dyspnoea with Pituitary-Dependent Hyperadrenocorticism in Dogs Treated by Surgery
Authors: Tanaka Sachiyo , Suzuki Shuji , Teshima Takahiro , Ishino Hirokazu , Sato Asaka , Kanno Nobuo , Hara Yasushi
Published: March 2022

Transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) is a curative treatment for pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism, and its use in dogs has recently increased. One of the most serious postoperative complications of TSS is dyspnoea. We report three cases where transtracheal catheter oxygen therapy prevented death from respiratory distress secondary to enlarged soft palate after TSS.
On Second Gourava Invariant for
q
-Apex Trees
Authors: Wang Ying , Kanwal Salma , Liaqat Maria , Aslam Adnan , Bashir Uzma
Published: March 2022

Let

G

be a simple connected graph. The second Gourava index of graph

G

is defined as

G

O

2

G

=

∑

θ
ϑ
∈
E

G

d

θ

+
d

ϑ

d

θ

d

ϑ

where

d

θ

denotes the degree of vertex

θ

. If removal of a vertex of

G

forms a tree, then

G

is called an apex tree. Let

L
⊂
V

G

with

∣
L
∣
=
q

. If removal of

L

from

V

G

forms a tree and any other subset of

V

G

whose cardinality is less than

∣
L
∣

does not form a tree, then

G

is known as

q

-apex tree. In this paper, we have calculated upper bound for

2

nd

Gourava index with respect to

q

-apex trees.
A Randomized, Controlled Trial Exploring Collaborative Nursing Intervention on Self-Care Ability and Blood Glucose of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Wang Xi , Liang Jin , Yang Wei
Published: March 2022

Objective. For determining the impacts of collaborative nursing intervention (CNI) on self-care ability and blood glucose (BG) of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods. The study enrolled 72 T2DM patients, who are referred to our hospital between April 2017 and September 2019. Of them, 35 cases given routine nursing were set as the control group (CG) and 37 cases given CNI were set as the research group (RG). The Exercise of Self-Care Agency (ESCA) scale scores and the levels of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) as well as glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc) were observed pre- and postintervention. The scores of SAS and HAMD and Morisky pre- and postnursing intervention as well as postnursing SF-36 scores and patients’ satisfaction toward the nursing content were recorded. Results. After intervention, RG presented notably lower serum HbAlc and FPG levels than CG (

P
<
0.05

); RG presented evidently lower SAS and HAMD scores while distinctly higher Morisky, SF-36, and ESCA scores than CG (

P
<
0.05

); the nursing satisfaction in RG and CG was 97.30% and 51.43%, respectively. Conclusions. In view of the fact that CNI can decrease HbAlc and FPG levels in patients with T2DM and enhance their self-care ability, it is worth popularizing in the clinic.
Exosomes as Nanocarriers for Theragnostic miRNA Markers in Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer Therapy
Authors: Jiang Ziyu , He Yun , Ding Wenlong , Zhu Siyao , Li Qinyuan , Sun Xiuchun , Bian Meiguang , Huo Jiege
Published: March 2022

Nonsmall cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is the leading cause of deaths related to carcinomas of lung by the involvement of several risk factors. Tumor cells, in general, exude larger quantities of biological macromolecules in comparison to their noncancerous opposites. Vesicular bodies or cavities created by the folding back of endosome membranes mingle with the plasma membrane and result in the release of exosomes into the extracellular space after which they enter proximal or distant cells of target. Exosomes are nanovesicles that can carry microRNAs (miRNAs) and other such macromolecules as cargos into the tumor environment by means of cell‐to‐cell communication. These materials transported by exosomes can act as indicators for oncogenesis and metastasis and result in resistance among therapy‐sensitive cancer cells. The cargos inside the vesicles loaded with miRNAs vary according to their particular state and therefore can act as potential prognostic or diagnostic markers for a variety of diseases including lung cancer, especially NSCLC. Although the roles of exosomal miRNAs are unclear or contradictory, the possibility of using exosomes as efficient nanovesicles for the treatment of NSCLC using biological molecules such as miRNA remains critical. Hence, this review focuses on the roles of exosomal and cell‐free miRNA in NSCLC therapy at preclinical and clinical levels.
The Use of Artificial Intelligence in Literature Search and Selection of the PubMed Database
Authors: Ma Jianbing , Wu Xi , Huang Lihong
Published: March 2022

Background. A vast number of research papers are published every day on PubMed, making it difficult for scientists to retrieve relevant articles in a timely manner. Keyword-based searches are currently the most popular method, but determining a suitable set of keywords can be challenging. Moreover, searches based on keywords typically retrieve many irrelevant papers. We developed a natural language processing (NLP)-based keyword augmentation and screening (NKAS) method to help scientists easily refine their keywords in topic searches. This method can extract meaningful candidate keywords from the titles and abstracts of an initial search using prior knowledge, knowledge graphs, and machine learning. The method was tested on three atrial fibrillation topics. When the NKAS was applied, the number of remaining papers was less than those in the original search but showed much higher precision (73.83% vs. 34.6%) and recall (98.4% vs. 59.93%) compared with those of the original search results. In conclusion, the NKAS method showed that NLP and other artificial intelligence techniques can help enhance both the search comprehensiveness and accuracy. These results suggest a great potential for the application of artificial intelligence methods in medical publication searches and other text-based applications.
Pedestrian Detection Algorithm Combining Attention Mechanism and Nonmaximum Suppression Method
Authors: Pan Duo , Zhou Xuemei
Published: March 2022

With the involution of pedestrian detection technology, higher requirements are put forward for the detection accuracy under the conditions of insufficient light, target occlusion, and too small scale. Without information and multiscale pedestrian target, visible light single-mode pedestrian detection algorithm has poor performance. To solve the above problems, a pedestrian detection algorithm combining attention mechanism and nonmaximum suppression method is proposed in this study, aiming to improve the accuracy of pedestrian detection. In addition, residual network ResNet-50 and IoU (intersection over union) loss function are also adopted to improve pedestrian detection accuracy. Attention mechanism was used to optimize and highlight pedestrian area features, and meanwhile, the nonmaximum suppression method was applied to improve the robustness of the algorithm. Experimental results show that the detection accuracy of the proposed algorithm is significantly higher than that of the traditional convolutional neural network algorithm.
Research on the Current Situation and Countermeasures of English Listening Teaching Based on Multimedia Intelligent-Embedded Processor
Authors: Guo Huanping
Published: March 2022

In order to improve the effect of English listening teaching, this paper combines the interactive needs of English listening teaching to analyze the current problems in English listening teaching. Moreover, according to the actual needs of the intelligent English teaching system, this paper conducts research on the high-order cumulant signal-to-noise ratio estimation method and combines data analysis to improve the algorithm to obtain an intelligent algorithm suitable for English listening teaching. In addition, this paper combines the algorithm to construct an English listening teaching system based on a multimedia intelligent-embedded processor and applies the embedded processor to intelligent English listening teaching. Finally, this paper builds an intelligent system to solve the current problems in English listening teaching and improve the effect of English teaching.
A Blockchain-Based Privacy Preservation Scheme in Mobile Medical
Authors: Wen Haiying , Wei Meiyan , Du Danlei , Yin Xiangdong
Published: March 2022

With the rapid development of mobile medical, how to establish an effective security mechanism to protect data security and privacy while users enjoy medical services has become an urgent problem to be solved. Aiming at the easy leakage of privacy in mobile medical terminals and untrustworthy data, we make use of a role-separated mechanism to generate trusted anonymous certificates. We propose a lightweight identity authentication scheme and adopt blockchain to protect the security of medical data. Meanwhile, in view of the problems of transparency and visibility of blockchain information, we adapt the searchable encryption algorithm to realize ciphertext processing in the whole life cycle. Experiments show that our scheme can reduce the cost of computation on the basis of ensuring traffic. In the process of dynamic updating of ciphertext keywords, except the keyword identifier, less information is leaked to the server, which protects privacy of users.
Rehabilitation Considerations for Very Young Children with Severe Oligodontia due to Ectodermal Dysplasia: Report of Three Clinical Cases with a 2-Year Follow-Up
Authors: Seremidi Kyriaki , Markouli Antigoni , Agouropoulos Andreas , Polychronakis Nick , Gizani Sotiria
Published: March 2022

Introduction. Management of oligodontia can be complicated and requires multidiscipline care, involving a wide spectrum of interventions. The aim of this report is to describe the challenges of oral rehabilitation of three very young children with oligodontia. Report. Three preschool aged Caucasian males, diagnosed with ectodermal dysplasia, were treated with interim removable dentures in order to replace missing teeth, reclaim vertical dimension, and improve function and aesthetics. The main challenges faced were patient cooperation, dental and skeletal characteristics, and parental expectations. Two years post-treatment, both patients and parents reported excellent adaptation to prosthesis and satisfaction with aesthetics. Conclusion. Rehabilitation of oligodontia may be challenging due to accompanying oral findings, dentofacial growth considerations, and behavioral issues. Establishment of good rapport between patients, parents, and clinician is the key for the success of the treatment even with the use of nonpharmacological behavioral management techniques.
Comparison between Two Types of 22-Gauge Fine-Needle Biopsy for Solid Pancreatic Tumors
Authors: Jaurrieta-Rico Cesar , Picazo-Ferrera Katia , Aguilar-Solis Raul , Escobedo-Paredes Daniel , Bandala-Jaques Antonio , Chavez-Gomez Viridiana , Hernandez-Guerrero Angelica , Alonso-Larraga Juan Octavio
Published: March 2022

Background: Tissue sampling using endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration is the gold standard for diagnosing malignant pancreatic tumors; however, its sensitivity and specificity are highly variable. Thus, fine-needle biopsy using cutting needles has been developed to overcome current limitations and improve diagnostic yield. Our study compared two fine-needle biopsy needles for tissue sampling for pancreatic solid lesions. Materials and Methods: Samples obtained from patients with pancreatic solid lesions using the 22-gauge fine-needle biopsy needles (Franseen needle or reverse bevel needle) were retrospectively analyzed. The primary outcomes were diagnostic yield and sample adequacy. The secondary outcome was diagnostic performance. The analysis was performed using 2 × 2 tables to calculate sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and diagnostic accuracy for each needle type. Proportions were compared using the Z test. For quantitative variables, a comparative analysis was performed using Student’s t test. Qualitative and unpaired outcome variables were described using Fisher’s exact test. Results: Sixty-three patients with pancreatic lesions were included in the analysis. The fine-needle biopsy Franseen and reverse bevel groups included 33 and 30 patients, respectively. An adequate sample was obtained in 97% of patients in the Franseen needle group versus 80% in the reverse bevel needle group; the diagnostic yields in these groups were 93.9 and 66.7%, respectively. Neither differences between needle passes nor complications were noted. The sensitivity and specificity were 93.5 and 100%, respectively, in the fine-needle biopsy Franseen group, versus 71 and 100%, respectively, in the reverse bevel needle group. Conclusions: The Franseen needle was more effective for sampling pancreatic tumors than the reverse bevel needle.
Interleukin-10 Attenuates Behavioral, Immune and Neurotrophin Changes Induced by Chronic Central Administration of Interleukin-1β in Rats
Authors: Zhang Yong-Ping , Li Yu-Yu , Zhang Cai , Li Ya-Jun , Liu Bai-Ping , Zhang Yan , Lin Ju-Da , Song Cai
Published: March 2022

Background: Activated microglia can trigger pro-inflammatory cytokine releases and neuroinflammation, which may inhibit astrocytes to produce neurotrophins and anti-inflammatory factors. Both eventually lead to neuron apoptosis or death. Furthermore, effective antidepressant or anti-dementia treatments can reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines, while enhance interleukin (IL)-10 production. However, the underline mechanism by which IL-10 modulates glial cell function, hence improves cognitive impairment or depression-like behavior is unknown. This study evaluated whether and how IL-10 attenuated chronic IL-1β administration-induced behavioral changes and the possible involved mechanisms. Methods: Rats received intracerebroventricular injection of IL-1β and/or IL-10 for 14 days. Then animal memory and depression-like behavior, pro-inflammatory cytokines, glial activities, expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), Trk B, p75, and apoptosis-related genes were studied. Results: Compared to controls, significantly increased latent time and swimming distance in the Morris-water-maze, decreased sucrose consumption, and decreased locomotor and center zone entries in the open-field were found in rats administrated with IL-1β. These changes were associated with the reduction of GFAP expression, and concentrations of BDNF and anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, but the increase in the expressions of CD11b, TrkB, p75, and Caspase-3, the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2, and the concentrations of IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, and IL-6. IL-10 treatment markedly attenuated IL-1β-induced above changes, except for the expressions of neurotrophin receptors. Conclusion: IL-10-improved behavioral changes may be through suppressing microglia activity and inflammation, while restoring astrocyte function and BDNF expression.
Left Atrial Phasic Function in Older Adults Is Associated with Fibrotic and Low-Grade Inflammatory Pathways
Authors: Koh Angela S. , Siau Anthony , Gao Fei , Chioh Florence W.J. , Leng Shuang , Zhao Xiaodan , Zhong Liang , Tan Ru San , Koh Poh Ling , Kovalik Jean-Paul , Lim Wee Shiong , Lee Gina S. , Koh Woon-Puay , Cheung Christine
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Concomitant risk factors challenge the mechanistic understanding of cardiac aging. We determined the degree to which the left atrial function could be distinguished by advanced cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging in older adults and assessed associations between the left atrial function and the plasma biomarkers related to biological aging and cardiovascular disease [serum monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP1), matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9), B-type natriuretic peptides (BNPs), galectin-3 (Gal-3), high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hsTn1), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (sUPAR)]. Methods: Among a cross-sectional population-based cohort of older adults, longitudinal LA strain including reservoir strain (εs), conduit strain (εe), and booster strain (εa) as well as peak strain rates (SRs, SRe, SRa) were determined using CMR and studied in association with blood biomarkers. Results: We studied 243 community adults (42.8% female, mean age 70.3 ± 9.5 years). In bivariate analysis, εe and SRe were reduced in gradation with increasing risk factors (all p values <0.0001). Corresponding levels of sUPAR (ng/mL) were quantitatively higher in older adults with <2 risk factors (2.5 ± 1.6 vs. 1.7 ± 1.3, p = 0.0005), in those with ≥2 risk factors (3.3 ± 2.4 vs. 1.7 ± 1.3, p < 0.0001), compared to young adults; including between older adults with ≥2 risk factors and older adults with <2 risk factors (3.3 ± 2.4 vs. 2.5 ± 1.6, p = 0.017). Based on multivariate analysis, sUPAR was significantly associated with both εe (OR 1.52, p = 0.006) and SRe decline (OR 1.5, p = 0.019). The associations between Gal-3 and εe reduction (OR 1.2, p = 0.022) and between BNP and SRe decline were generally weaker (OR 1.03, p = 0.027). The addition of sUPAR to a model consisting of age, risk factors, Gal-3, and BNPs increased the area under the curve of εe from 0.72 to 0.77 (p = 0.015). Conclusion: By advanced CMR imaging, a panel of circulating biomarkers comprising galectin, MMP-9 and sUPAR were associated with left atrial dysfunction in older adults. Higher levels of Gal-3 and MMP-9 may be suggestive of fibrotic mechanisms in left atrial aging while impairments in left atrial strain seen in association with circulating sUPAR may be related to immune activation in the left atrium in response to left atrial remodeling and fibrotic processes.
Identifying struggles and challenges faced by Indonesian migrant workers pursuing higher education in Taiwan
Authors: Soraya Siti Zazak , Chen Mei-Ying
Published: March 2022

People in social life often underestimated the presence of migrant workers caused by low skills and lack of education. The decision to continue higher education while working in the host country had tremendous challenges. This study aimed to develop a deeper understanding of the reasons, the problem encountered, and the learning strategies of migrant workers pursuing higher education at Indonesian Open Learning University of Taiwan (Universitas Terbuka Taiwan). There were 11 students participated in this study. This study was descriptive qualitative research, and the interactive model was applied in the analysis method. The data were gathered through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation. The finding of this study revealed that: i) The migrant workers had the high motivation to pursue higher education because they wanted to change the stereotype that they were left behind and to seek a better life when they came back to Indonesia; ii) Inadequate time was the main problem to manage the study time due to the high workload; iii) The learning strategies of migrant workers were peer learning, group discussion, and note-taking. However, Indonesian Open Learning University of Taiwan was the excellent choice for the migrant workers in Taiwan to pursue higher education due to the flexibility of learning.