bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pandangan Model Dua-Sektor Lewis dan Model Solow terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Indonesia
Authors: Tri Nugraha Hendiva , Muchtar Masruri , Sihombing Pardomuan Robinson
Published: July 2023

This study aims to acknowledge the effect of applying the two-sector Lewis and Solow neoclassical growth model in Indonesia’s economic growth. The variables are Urbanization Rate, Labor in Industry Sector, Human Development Index, Total Factor Productivity, and GDP. The research model is an associative quantitative method with multiple linear regression on time series data. The result showed that all variables simultaneously affect GDP significantly. Urbanization (partially) affects GDP positively and significantly. Labor in Industry Sector (partially) doesn’t affect GDP. HDI doesn’t affect GDP. TFP affects GDP positively and considerably at a 90% confidence level. According to this research, the Indonesian Government should increase the quality of their labor, especially in the industry sector. Further research is expected to add more variables that represent both models.
Peranan Contagion Effect pada Krisis Mata Uang di Indonesia
Authors: Sutrisno Hadi , Nuryadin Muhammad Rusmin
Published: July 2023

This research was conducted in the period 1991(1)-2021(12), aiming to look at the contagion effect of the currency crisis in Indonesia. They were leading macroeconomic indicators as indicators/signals of impending or non-occurring problems. Determination of the currency crisis period based on EMPI (Exchange Market Pressure Index) by setting a threshold (threshold) at a specific value. Two models are used in this research: the Herrera-Garcia model and the Signal Analysis Model. The Herrera-Garcia model is based on the Composite Index generated from the Leading Indicator in detecting signals of impending crises by considering efficiency. The Signal Analysis model is used to analyze the impact of the contagion effect on currency crises, relying more on its accuracy than the Herrera-Garcia model. The results showed that the currency crisis that occurred in countries in the region impacted the currency crisis in Indonesia, where the crisis from one country had a Contagion Effect that differed in contribution from other countries.
Strategi Pengelolaan Dana Zakat pada Lembaga Amil Zakat Infaq dan Sadaqah Muhammadiyah dalam Mengentaskan Kemiskinan di Kabupaten Ponorogo
Authors: Syamsuri Syamsuri , Lesmana Meichio , Mardianto Wildan Ainun
Published: July 2023

This research aims to find out how the strategy of Amil Zakat, Infak, and Shadaqah Muhammdiyah Ponorogo Institutions in alleviating poverty in Ponorogo Regency. Zakat institution was chosen because it has the advantage under the auspices of one of Indonesia's most prominent Islamic organizations and has a good zakat management system to be the winner of laznas best ZIS collection growth in 2020. The method used is qualitatively descriptive with data collection techniques through interviews, observations, and documentation analyzed using SWOT and triangulate analysis techniques. The results of this study showed the collection conducted by LAZISMU Ponorogo in collecting zakat funds through direct collection methods consisting of direct services, presentations directly to various institutions or companies, and social media. While the strategy of gathering indirectly includes the media of the figures, establishing cooperation, organizing events, websites, and social media. The distribution strategy is done through consumptive distribution by providing monthly groceries. Productive distribution is carried out by providing capital to MSMEs. In measuring poverty rates, researchers used the Head Count Ratio. In 2018 the poverty rate in Ponorogo reached 90,220 people and decreased in 2019, namely 83,970 people or reduced by 0.7%, equivalent to 6,250 people, and showed that zakat funds became one in helping alleviate poverty based on the collection and distribution of zakat funds in LAZISMU Ponorogo increased from 2018 to 2019 by 82.5%.
Strategi Penataan Objek Wisata Danau Mas Harun Bastari di Kabupaten Rejang Lebong
Authors: Imelda Lili , Ekaputri Retno Agustina
Published: July 2023

The research aims to analyze the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats and determine the strategy for structuring the Lake Mas Harun Bastari Tourism object. This type of qualitative descriptive research. Descriptive data analysis method to support the analysis delivered through the SWOT analysis method. The study results from show that tourism in Lake Mas Harun Bastari Rejang Lebong is in quadrant three, indicating that tourism has high opportunities but weaknesses. Prioritizing the direction of development towards tourism management, the regional government is expected to be able to allocate the budget for developing tourism potential optimally and make tourism objects have their attractive so that they can compete with similar tourist objects in other regions. Trained and educated managing human resources will be able to manage tourist objects so that they have their charm. Tourism promotion and information systems are needed through advertisements, brochures, leaflets, or internet media to increase tourists.
The Influence of Stakeholder Roles on Environmental Sanitation Management in Coastal Settlements of North Sumatra
Authors: Salsabila Sylvania Siti , Susilawati Susilawati
Published: July 2023

Sanitation is an important factor in public health. One area that has a high level of difficulty in sanitation management is the coastal area. According to the Word Health Organization (WHO), Indonesia occupies the third position of countries that have poor sanitation. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of stakeholder roles on environmental sanitation management in coastal settlements in North Sumatra. This research uses an analytical descriptive approach with a cross-sectional study design, this type of research is Quantitative research with the type of data used is primary data and data collection methods by random sampling. The population used in this study were 107 respondents. After surveying respondents, the data were analyzed descriptively categorically by looking at the frequency distribution, mean value (mean), standard deviation, then statistical testing through the Spearman Rho correlation. It is known that the results of research on the role of stakeholders on environmental sanitation management with a correlation value of 31.2% which can affect environmental conditions. Based on the results of statistical analysis and tests, it can be concluded that there is an influence of stakeholder roles on environmental sanitation management.
Nutritional Intake Differences of Children Aged 6-23 Months in Coastal and Non-Coastal Stunting Areas
Authors: Setiawan Muhammad Irwan , Yulidasari Fahrini , Rahayu Atikah , Ferdina Ayunina Rizky
Published: July 2023

Stunting is still a health concern in developing countries. The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences in nutritional intake of children in the Coastal (Co) and Non-Coastal (NCo) Stunting Areas in Tanah-Laut. The quantitative cross-sectional study design was carried out on subjects aged 6-23 months with a total of 65 Co and 66 NCo toddlers who were physically healthy and were still breastfeeding. The instruments included a questionnaire, a 24-hour recall form, a stature meter, and a digital scale. The univariate analyses to describe the frequency and median data. The Mann-Whitney test was used to see differences in intake of macro and micro nutrients in both regions. The prevalence of stunting in NCo 21.2%, while in Co 18.4%. About 7.6% NCo and 26.2% Co were malnourished. The prevalence of wasting was 13.6% and 15.4%. There was a significant difference in Energy, Carbohydrates, fat (p<0.05). There was no difference in protein intake between two regions. Both micronutrients were classified as deficient. There were differences of vitamin-A, vitamin-D, vitamin-K, calcium, and iron intake. Either macronutrient intake was sufficient, but neither for micronutrients. There was no significant difference in protein intake between the two groups
Studi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi hasil fraksinasi pada slurry overflow mill cyclone PT Kasongan Bumi Kencana
Authors: Yessica Nadya , Triantoro Agus , Dwiatmoko Marselinus Untung
Published: July 2023

Dalam pengusahaan pertambangan tahap produksi, pengolahan dan pemurnian merupakan salah satu tahap teknis untuk memperoleh hasil tambangan yang optimal. Tahapan pengolahan dalam proses penambangan berperan penting dalam menentukan kelangsungan usaha pertambangan. Unit pengolahan sangat penting dalam pengolahan emas karena unit pengolahan ini merupakan salah satu penentu dari kualitas dan kuantitas produk yang dihasilkan. Pengolahan emas yang dilakukan adalah proses pengecilan material dengan peremukan sesuai dengan ukuran yang diinginkan untuk masuk ke tahap selanjutnya. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan perhitungan persentase ukuran untuk mencapai ukuran produk 80% dari hasil pengambilan sampel pada feed SAG mill, mill discharge, underflow dan overflow produk 80% 75 Micron. Ada beberapa hal yang mempengaruhi hasil fraksinasi overflow mill cyclone diantaranya ukuran umpan, berat padatan slurry dan tekanan pada cyclone. Dari hasil perhitungan P80 didapatkan nilai rata-rata dari feed SAG mill, mill discharge, underflow dan overflow yaitu, 9,85 mm, 358,16 µm, 439,15 µm, dan 87,62 µm.
VALUASI EKONOMI PADA BERBAGAI PENUTUPAN LAHAN DI KEBUN RAYA MASSENREMPULU KABUPATEN ENREKANG
Authors: Sribianti Irma , Sultan Sultan , Hasanuddin Hasanuddin , Muthmainnah Muthmainnah , Jusmiati Jusmiati
Published: July 2023

Keberadaan KRME mempunyai nilai ekonomi yang sangat penting bagi masyarakat sekitar kawasan baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung termasuk jasa lingkungannya, sehingga pengelolaan KRME harus benar-benar terkelola secara terpadu dan berkelanjutan. Salah satu faktor yang perlu dipertimbangkan dalam pengambilan keputusan pengelolaan sumber daya hutan adalah nilai (valuasi) ekonomi yang dapat memberikan sumber informasi serta membantu pemerintah dalam menetapkan kebijakan pemanfaatan hutan.  Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui nilai manfaat ekonomi pada berbagai penutupan lahan di Kebun Raya Massenrempulu Kabupaten Enrekang. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama tiga bulan di Kebun Raya Massenrempulu Desa Milla, Kecamatan Maiwa, Kabupaten Enrekang, Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan. Metode sampling yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling pada tiga penutupan lahan, yaitu hutan campuran, semak belukar dan padang rumput. Metode analisis data menggunakan analisis valuasi ekonomi dimana nilai manfaat ekonomi hutan campuran dihitung dari nilai tegakannya, nilai manfaat ekonomi penutupan lahan semak belukar dihitung berdasarkan nilai pemeliharaan keanekaragaman hayati dengan menggunakan pendekatan nilai rehabilitasi lahan dan nilai manfaat ekonomi penutupan lahan padang rumput dihitung berdasarkan nilai pengganti sebagai pakan ternak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai manfaat ekonomi hutan campuran sebesar Rp 1.863.234.354/tahun, nilai manfaat penutupan lahan semak belukar sebesar Rp. 171.293.584/tahun dan nilai manfaat penutupan lahan padang rumput sebesar Rp. 111.838.388/tahun, sehingga total nilai manfaat ekonomi lahan di Kebun Raya Massenrempulu sebesar Rp. 2.146.366.326/tahun.
KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS DAN KEPADATAN POPULASI BURUNG DI TAMAN WISATA ALAM DAN CAGAR ALAM BUKIT TANGKILING KALIMANTAN TENGAH
Authors: Putri Adya , Fauzi F , Hidayat N , Hastari B , Oktavianus R
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis burung serta menghitung keanekaragaman jenis dan kepadatan populasi burung di Taman Wisata Alam (TWA) dan Cagar Alam (CA) Bukit Tangkiling. Hasil dari penelitian terdapat 21 jenis burung di TWA dan CA Bukit Tangkiling. Indeks kekayaan jenis tertinggi di Bukit Baranahu dengan nilai 3,14, indeks keanekaragaman jenis tertinggi di Bukit Tunggal dengan nilai 2,23. Indeks kemerataan jenis tertinggi di Bukit Tunggal dengan nilai 1,00. Nilai kepadatan populasi tertinggi di Bukit Baranahu pada spesies cucak kutilang dengan nilai 5,21 ind/km2. Nilai kepadatan populasi tertinggi di Bukit Buhis pada spesies cucak kutilang dengan nilai 5,22 ind/km2.  Nilai kepadatan populasi tertinggi di Bukit Tunggal pada spesies cucak kutilang dengan nilai 4,61 ind/km2.
PRODUKTIVITAS KAPULAGA JAWA (Wurfbainia compacta (sol ex. Maton) PADA TIGA POLA AGROFORESTRI HUTAN RAKYAT DI KECAMATAN KARANGJAMBU KABUPATEN PURBALINGGA
Authors: Hasnah Arifah , Sakhidin Sakhidin , Faozi Khavid
Published: July 2023

Tanaman kapulaga merupakan salah satu tanaman bawah tegakan yang banyak dibudidayakan dan dikombinasikan dengan tanaman lainnya pada agroforestri hutan rakyat. Kombinasi tanaman pada agroforestri akan mempengaruhi produktivitas kapulaga, namun kajian yang dilakukan pada berbagai pola agroforestri dan jenis kapulaga masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan produktivitas tiga jenis kapulaga pada tiga pola agroforestri hutan rakyat yang ada di Kecamatan Karangjambu, Kabupaten Purbalingga Jawa Tengah. Metode pengambilan sampel mengggunakan multi stage cluster random sampling. Analisis data menggunakan rancangan pola tersarang yaitu jenis kapulaga tersarang dalam pola agroforestri dengan uji lanjut yang digunakan yaitu BNT taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produktivitas kapulaga berupa hasil panen per rumpun pada agroforestri C1 (albasia+kapulaga), C2 (albasia +pisang + singkong + kapulaga) dan C3 (kebun campur+kapulaga) masing-masing sebesar 0,596 kg/rumpun, 0,653 kg/rumpun dan 0,351 kg/rumpun. Hasil panen per rumpun paling tinggi ditunjukkan oleh jenis kapulaga hibrida pada lahan agroforestri C2 (albasia-pisang-singkong+kapulaga) yaitu sebesar 0,808 kg/rumpun.
IDENTIFIKASI KERUSAKAN DAUN KAYU MANIS (Cinnamomun burmanii) DI TAMAN HUTAN HUJAN TROPIS INDONEISA (TH2TI) BANJARBARU
Authors: Susilawati Susilawati , Naemah Dina , Heriannor Fadlan
Published: July 2023

Kesehatan tegakan hutan buatan seperti TH2TI dipengaruhi oleh kejadian serangan hama dari berbagai tingkatan pertumbuhan, sehingga perlu dilakukan sebuah penelitian untuk mengidentifikasikan jenis hama pada salah satu tanaman yang ada di TH2TI seperti kayu manis yang memiliki banyak manfaat dan bernilai ekonomi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan bentuk kerusakan daun dan mengetahui frekuensi kerusakan disebabkan oleh hama pada kayu manis (Cinnamomun burmanii). Manfaat dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi bagi akademisi, peneliti, pihak-pihak terkait maupun informasi kekayaan hasil hutan bukan kayu (HHBK) terkhusus kayu manis agar dapat dimanfaatkan dan dilestarikan sebagai salah satu hasil bukan kayu. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini meliputi data primer dan data sekunder. Pengambilan sampel diambil pada petak tanaman kayu manis (C. burmanii) sebanyak 30 tanaman dalam luasan 1 hektar di TH2TI. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bentuk kerusakan daun kayu manis yang ditemukan di lapangan sebanyak 3 kerusakan, yaitu berlubang, menguning, serta berlubang dan menguning, sedangkan nilai frekuensi serangan hama daun kayu manis termasuk kategori ringan dengan nilai rata-ratanya sebesar 34%.
KUALITAS ARANG AKTIF DARI TEMPURUNG BUAH NIFAH (Nyfa fruticans WURMB) DI PROPINSI KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: Radam Rosidah , Kanti Rina
Published: July 2023

Arang aktif terbuat dari bahan alami, seperti batu bara, kayu, batok kelapa, tempurung/batok buah nipah dan lainnya, yang dipanaskan dengan suhu tinggi hingga menghasilkan bubuk arang, arang aktif berbahan baku tempurung buah nipah sangat mungkin  dikembangkan di daerah  Kalimantan Selatan karena potensi  buah nipah cukup besar. tempurung buah nipah memiliki kandungan  karbon yang tinggi yang sangat baik untuk dibuat arang. Tujuan penelitian ini  adalah menjelaskan kualitas/mutu  arang aktif  dari tempurung  buah nipah sebagai  alternative.  Proses pirolisis dan pengujian mutu arang aktif dilakukan di Laboratorium Balai Risert Standardisasi  Industri  Banjarbaru. Kadar air dan kadar Zat terbang memenuhi SNI 06-3730-1995, kadar karbon lebih rendah, kadar abu sedikit lebih tinggi dan daya serap Iodium 452,27 mg/g lebih rendah dari SNI 06-3730-1995 yang minimum  750 mg/g. Dari hasil pengujian  kualitas arang aktif tersebut sangat perlu dilakukan peningkatan teknologi pengolahan  untuk perbaikan mutu  arang tempurung buah nipah,  yaitu antara lain perlu  perlakuan pembersihan  tempurung dari serabut buah nipah  sebelum dilakukan proses pirolisis.
EFEKTIVITAS BUAH MENGKUDU (Morinda citrifolia) SEBAGAI PENGAWET KAYU JABON (Arthocephalus cadamba) DAN KEMIRI (Aleurites moluccana) TERHADAP SERANGAN RAYAP TANAH (Coptotermes travians Homgren)
Authors: Firdaus Anggy Widya , Kurdiansyah Kurdiansyah , Satriadi Trisnu
Published: July 2023

Efforts prevent damage to wood are very important in order to improve quality and service life. One way that can be used is by means of wood preservation technology. This study uses noni (Morinda citrifolia) fruit as a natural presevative. The purpose of this study was to analyze the concentration of preservatives that were well absorbed by Jabon (Arthocephalus cadamba) wood and Kemiri (Aleurites moluccana) wood to resist subterranean termites. This study used Jabon wood and Kemiri wood without preservation and wich had been treated with preservation of 100 grams/liter, 200 grams/liter and 300 grams/liter. Analysis of the value of absorption and retention values were influenced by the addition of noni fruit preservatives on Jabon and Kemiri wood. The percentage of weight loss was influenced by the type of wood where Jabon had better resistance than Kemiri woodUpaya mencegah kerusakan pada kayu sangat penting dalam rangka meningkatkan kualitas dan umur pakai. Salah satu metode yang dapat digunakan ialah dengan cara teknologi pengawetan kayu. Penelitian menggunakan buah mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia) sebagai bahan pengawet alami. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa konsentrasi bahan pengawet yang baik diserap oleh kayu Jabon (Arthocephalus cadamba) dan kayu Kemiri (Aleurites moluccana) untuk menahan serangan rayap tanah.  Penelitian ini menggunakan kayu Jabon dan kayu Kemiri tanpa pengawetan dan yang telah diberi perlakuan pengawetan 100 gram/liter, 200 gram/liter dan 300 gram/liter.  Analisis nilai absobsi, retensi dan kehilangan berat dilakukan menggunakan perhitungan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL).   Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai absorbs dan retensi dipangeruhi oleh penambahan bahan pengawet ekstrak buah mengkudu pada Kayu Jabon dan Kemiri,  Persentase kehilangan berat dipengaruhi oleh Jenis kayu dimana Jabon memiliki ketahanan yang lebih baik dibanding dengan kayu Kemiri.
PENERAPAN KESELAMATAN DAN KESEHATAN KERJA DI PT. BASIRIH INDUSTRIAL
Authors: Karim Abdul , Thamrin Gusti Abdul Rahmat , Abidin Zainal
Published: July 2023

Companies should maintain and manage their human resources optimally. In this case, occupational safety and health can be very useful for the company because it is part of the prevention factor for the accident risk in workplace. That is why the company must implement the stages and regulations regarding occupational health and safety, so as to reduce work accidents. The purpose of this study was to analyze the extent to which the Occupational Health and Safety Program was implemented in each department at PT Basirih Industrial. The data collection procedure used is a questionnaire, interview and the data documentation is obtained from each department. Based on data processing and analysis on the application of OSH at PT Basirih Industrial, it has a total achievement value of 97.73%Perusahaan harusnya memelihara juga mengelola dengan maksimal sumber daya manusianya. Dalam hal ini keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja sangat berguna bagi perusahaan karena bagian dari faktor pencegahan resiko terjadinya kecelakaan kerja. Oleh sebab itu perusahaan harus menerapkan tahapan-tahapan dan peraturan tentang kesehatan kerja dan keselamatan, sehingga mampu berkurang kecelakaan kerja. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis sejauh mana penerapan Program Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja, pada setiap masing-masing departemen di PT Basirih Industrial. Prosedur pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara angket/kuesioner dan dokumentasi data tersebut diperoleh dari setiap masing-masing departemen. Berdasarkan pengolahan data dan analisis tentang penerapan K3 di PT Basirih Industrial memiliki nilai ketercapaian total 97,73%.
UJI TINGKAT KEBERHASILAN TANAMAN KEMIRI
Authors: Kapitan Martha Silvya
Published: July 2023

This study aims to (1) The success rate of candlenut plants with the stump system (2) The success rate of candlenut plants with the pull out system (3) The success rate of candlenut plants with the spin system. The design used in this study was a completely randomized design (CRD). The stump, pullout and spin treatment had no significant effect with the survival rate for pullout and spin was 100% while for stump was 0%. For the increase in diameter, the stump value (A1) did not experience a diameter growth of 0, while the uprooting (A2) was 1.34 cm and the turning (A3) was 1.41 cm. The stump, pluck and twist treatments had a significant effect on height gain with stump (A1) 0 cm, uproot (A2) 2.99 cm and spin (A3) 4.11 cm. for the number of leaves with the percentage of uprooting (A2) and turning (A3) 4 leaves while for stump (A1) 0 leaves.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) Tingkat keberhasilan tanaman kemiri dengan sistem stump (2) Tingkat keberhasilan tanaman kemiri dengan sistem cabutan (3) Tingkat keberhasilan tanaman kemiri dengan sistem puteran. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL).Perlakuan stump, cabutan dan puteran tidak memberikan pengaruh nyata dengan nilai persentase hidup untuk cabutan dan puteran 100% sedangkan untuk stump 0%. Untuk pertambahan diameter dengan nilai stump (A1) tidak mengalami pertumbuhan diameter 0, sedangkan cabutan (A2) 1.34 cm dan puteran (A3) 1.41 cm. Perlakuan stump, cabutan dan puteran memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap pertambahan tinggi dengan nilai stump (A1) 0 cm, cabutan (A2) 2.99 cm dan puteran (A3) 4.11 cm. untuk jumlah daun dengan presentase cabutan (A2) dan puteran (A3) 4 helai daun sedangkan untuk stump (A1) 0 helai daun
Green Tourism In Sustainable Tourism Development in Bali Based On Local Wisdom
Authors: Laksmi Dewi Anak Agung Sagung , Rahayu Mella Ismelina Farma , Wibisana Anak Agung Ngurah Adhi
Published: July 2023

Abstract The emergence of tourism as a major industry is one of the most remarkable changes that have occurred in global economic activity. Over the last three decades, issues related to the environment and sustainable development related to tourism, especially in Bali, have developed from a marginal topic into a focus of consideration and research. The purpose of this research is to find a novelty in the use of the concept of green tourism as a method that is seen as capable of supporting sustainable tourism development based on local wisdom, especially in Bali. The research used is normative legal research on Law no. 10 of 200b concerning Tourism with a statutory and conceptual approach. This study found that various statutory regulations, including Law no. 10 of 2009 concerning Tourism, namely through sustainable tourism all resources can be managed so as to meet needs and maintain cultural integrity, ecological dimension biodiversity, and system life.Keywords: Bali; Green Tourism; Sustainable Tourism; Local Wisdom.
Association between melanin and vitamin D: A systematic review
Authors: Hartono Andre Colin , Sidharta Veronika Maria , Astiarani Yunisa , Regina Regina
Published: July 2023

Globally, there is an increasing prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, including in Southeast Asia, which ranges from 6% to 70%. Vitamin D plays an important role in calcium metabolism and bone health. Melanin is one factor that contributes to vitamin D deficiency. It has photoprotective properties that inhibit vitamin D synthesis, but the mechanism has not been fully understood. To determine the mechanism of the association between melanin and vitamin D, this systematic review was conducted on 11 articles, including cross-sectional studies, cohort studies, and randomised controlled trials published from 2010 to 2020. The search included Pubmed, EBSCO, and Proquest databases, and data were synthesised from 11 studies. This critical review found nine of the 11 studies reported a significant association between melanin and vitamin D, while two reported non-significant results. Of the nine significant studies, eight reported that people with higher melanin have lower vitamin D levels, while one study suggested that melanin levels do not necessarily associate with lower vitamin D levels. In conclusion, the review establishes a significant association between melanin and vitamin D.
Decaying Turbulence as a Fractal Curve
Authors: Migdal Alexander
Published: July 2023

We develop a quantitative microscopic theory of decaying Turbulence by studying the dimensional reduction of the Navier-Stokes loop equation for the velocity circulation. We have found an infinite dimensional manifold of solutions of the Navier-Stokes loop equation\cite{M93, M23PR} for the Wilson loop in decaying Turbulence in arbitrary dimension $d >2$. This family of solutions corresponds to a fractal curve in complex space $\mathbb C^d$, described by an algebraic equation between consecutive positions plus a nonlinear periodicity condition. We derive the constrained SDE for the evolution of the fractal curve at a fixed moment of physical time as a function of an auxiliary stochastic time. We expect this stochastic process to cover our fixed manifold of the solutions of the decaying Turbulence. The energy density of the fluid decays as $\mathcal E_0/t$, where $\mathcal E_0$ is an initial dissipation rate. Presumably, we have found a new phase of extreme Turbulence yet to be observed in real or numerical experiments.
Suitable Forest Management Innovations for Enhancing Forest Productivity without Compromising Growing Stock and Subsidiary Ecosystem Services
Authors: Wola Aklilu Wodebo , Maru Kassahun
Published: July 2023

Forest ecosystems provide diverse services and values that contribute to human well-being. Although high proportion of species is still undiscovered, tropical forests alone are thought to host more than 50% of the world’s biodiversity. Beyond supporting via direct use of products like timber, fiber and biomass energy, they play an important role in providing a wide range of ecosystem services such as regulating water flow and quality, water purification, improving infiltration, fresh water, erosion control, carbon sequestration and sedimentation control. They are one of the important parts of terrestrial and the largest carbon pool, occupying an integral position in the global carbon cycle. However, these days, deterioration of nature and forest biodiversity is a severe danger to the global environment. This will be accompanied by increased strains on food supply, causing increased pressure on already delicate ecological systems. Thus, better forest management strategies are necessary for managing forests sustainably. Nevertheless, little is known regarding the existing forest management approaches and their associated benefits and challenges. Multidisciplinary approaches are needed to achieve sustainable management of forests. These can be accomplished if suitable forest management innovations are put in place. Various technologies can also be adopted through applying different forest assessment tools like remote sensing using light detection and ranging technology (LiDAR) in forest management. Harnessing such technologies will definitely result in providing increased socio-economy as well as improved environmental sustainability. However, the speed of transformation depends much on level of commitment of stakeholders including policy makers. As a result, this review is intended to explore existing forest management innovations which are suitable both ecologically as well as socio-economically. This shows that while there is a lot to be improved, there are already developed forest management innovations that are already in use including PFM and MFM, which helps to achieve SFM.
Exploring the Impact of Cervical Multifidus Muscle Morphology on Postural Balance in Post-Stroke Patients: A pilot study
Authors: Abuín-Porras Vanesa , Pedersini Paolo , Paret-Fernández Almudena , Romero-Morales Carlos , García-Bermejo Paula , Rodríguez-Costa Isabel , Villafañe Jorge Hugo
Published: July 2023

Background: The aim of this study was to examine cervical multifidus muscle morphology and its impact on postural balance in patients with post-stroke.
Methods: This is a pilot study. A convenience sample of 24 volunteers of 67 ±8.5 years (12 with hemiparesis due to post-stroke, 12 healthy) was recruited for this study. The outcomes measured were the thickness of the multifidus muscle using ultrasonography, Modified Functional Reach Test (MFRT), Timed Up and Go (TUG) test and Berg Balance scale (BBS).
Results: No significant differences in the ultrasound values between stroke patients' paretic and non-paretic sides were found. Similarly, there were no significant differences between the non-paretic side of stroke patients and the non-paretic side of the control group, (all, p>0.05). Additionally, no significant correlations between the ultrasonographic variables of the multifidus muscles and the main outcome measures were identified.
Conclusions: In conclusion, our study did not find significant differences in cervical multifidus muscle morphology between healthy individuals and post-stroke patients in relation to postural balance.
Tuning of Structural, Morphological and Optical Properties of Pa 6 upon Stepwise Insertion of Amorphous Se, Cd2+ and Ag+ Ions
Authors: Skuodaitė Emilija , Krylova Valentina
Published: July 2023

Increasing photon absorption by capturing light is an important way to increase the efficiency of photovoltaic devices. In this regard, the small optical band gap (Eg) and high absorption coefficient of Se-containing thin nanofilms make them ideal for next generation photovoltaic devices based on selenides. This study reports on chemical synthesis processes in a bath for the insertion of amorphous selenium into polyamide-6 (PA 6) matrix and the effect of incorporation of Cd2+ and Ag+ on the structural, morphological and optical properties. The resulting films had a pyramidal structure of single crystals, nanosized particles of nonspecific shape, agglomerated and indistinct grains. ATR-FTIR spectroscopy revealed the interaction between PA 6 and inorganic components, which causes obvious conformational changes in PA 6 chains. The data of X-ray diffraction analysis, depending on the stage of synthesis, showed a mixture of various compounds: Se8, CdSe, Ag2Se and Ag. This may explain the observed optical properties. The optical properties of the composites indicate a shift in the band gap from 4.46 eV for PA 6 to 2.23-1.64 eV upon stepwise insertion of amorphous Se, Cd2+ and Ag+ ions. Eg is conveniently located in the visible region of solar energy, making the obtained nanofilms ideal for solar energy harvesting.
The Role of Zinc in Neurodegenerative Diseases and the Potential of Carnosine as Their Therapeutic Agent
Authors: Mizuno Dai , Kawahara Masahiro , Konoha–Mizuno Keiko , Ogawara Terumasa , Yamazaki Kentaro
Published: July 2023

Synaptic zinc ions (Zn2+) play an important role in the development of vascular dementia (VD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD). In this article, based on our study and many others, we review the mo-lecular pathways by which Zn2+ causes neurotoxicity. Zn2+ influences calcium homeostasis, energy production pathway, production of reactive oxygen species, endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway, and activated protein kinase/c-Jun amino terminal kinase (SAPK/JNK) pathway and consequently exerts neurotoxicity. Furthermore, we searched various crops for substances that protect neurones from neurotoxicity caused by Zn2+ and clarified that carnosine (β-alanylhistidine) may be a therapeutic drug for VD and PD. Here, we also review the molecular mechanisms underlying the role of carnosine as an endogenous protector and its protective effect against Zn2+-induced cyto-toxicity and discuss prospects for future neurodegenerative diseases therapeutic applications of this dipeptide.
Inequalities in COVID-19 vaccination uptake: a population-based study in the Umbria Region, Italy
Authors: Primieri Chiara , Chiavarini Manuela , Giacchetta Irene , De Waure Chiara , Bietta Carla
Published: July 2023

Socio-demographic factors are responsible of health inequalities also in vaccination. The aim of this study was to evaluate their role at population level through a population-based study performed on the whole population entitled to receive COVID-19 vaccines in Umbria Region, Italy, and registered to the Regional Healthcare Service as of February 28th, 2021. Socio-demographic characteristics and vaccination status in terms of uptake at least one dose of any available vaccine, completion of the primary vaccination cycle and uptake of the booster doses as of February 28th, 2022 were col-lected from the Umbria regional database. The percentage of eligible population who did not initiate the COVID-19 vaccination, complete the full vaccination cycle and get the booster dose was 11.8%, 1.2% and 21.5% respectively. A younger age, being a not-Italian citizen, and not holding an ex-emption for chronic disease/disability and a GP/FP were associated to all the endpoints. Females, as compared to males, were more likely to not initiate the vaccination but less likely to not receive the booster dose. On the contrary, results on the deprivation index were not conclusive. The findings, beyond confirming current knowledge at population level, provide new inputs for better tailoring vaccination campaigns.
Can Plants Sense Humans? - Using Plants as Biosensors to Detect the Presence of Eurythmic Gestures
Authors: De la Cal Garcia Luis , Gloor Peter A. , Weinbeer Moritz
Published: July 2023

This paper describes preliminary results of measuring the impact of human body movements on plants. In particular, we analyze the influence of eurythmic gestures of human actors on lettuce and beans. In an eight week experiment, we exposed rows of lettuce and beans to weekly eurythmic movements (similar to Qi Gong) of a eurythmist, while at the same time measuring changes in voltage between the roots and leaves of lettuce and beans using the plant spikerbox (https://backyardbrains.com/products/plantspikerbox). We compared this experimental group of vegetables with a control group of vegetables whose voltage differential was also measured while never being exposed to eurythmy. Using t-tests, we found a clear difference between the experimental and the control group which was also verified with a machine learning model. In other words, the vegetables showed a noticeably different pattern in electric potentials in response to eurythmic gestures.
Facile Preparation of SrZr1-xTixO3 and SrTi1-xZrxO3 Fine Particles Assisted by Dehydration of Zr4+ and Ti4+ Gels under Hydrothermal Conditions
Authors: Quiñones-Gurrola J. R. , Rendón-Angeles J. C. , Matamoros-Veloza Z. , López-Cuevas J. , Pérez-Garibay R. , Yanagisawa K.
Published: July 2023

In recent decades, perovskite-type compounds (ABB′O3) have been exhaustively studied due to their unique ferroelectric properties. In this work, a systematic study aiming to prepare fine particles in the binary system SrZrO3–SrTiO3 was conducted under hydrothermal conditions in a KOH (5 M) solution at 200 °C for 4 h under a constant stirring speed of 130 rpm. The precursors employed were SrSO4 powder (< 38 μm size) and coprecipitated hydrous gels of Zr(OH)4•9.64 H2O (Zr-gel) and Ti(OH)4•4.5H2O (Ti-gel), which were mixed according to the stoichiometry of the SrZr1-xTixO3 in the compositional range of 0.0>x>100.0 mol% Ti4+. The XRD results revealed the formation of two crystalline phases rich in Zr4+, an orthorhombic structured SrZr0.93Ti0.07O3 and a cubic structured SrZr0.75Ti0.25O3 within the compositional range of 0.1–0.5 mol of Ti4+. A cubic perovskite-structured solid solution, SrTi1-xZrxO3, was preferentially formed within the compositional range of 0.5>x>0.1 mol% Ti4+. The SrZrO3 and SrZr0.93Ti0.07O3-rich phases had particle sizes averaging 3 m with a cubic morphology. However, a remarkable reduction in the particle size occurred on solid solutions prepared with hydrous Ti-gel over contents of 15 mol% Ti4+ in the reaction media, resulting in the formation of nanosized particles agglomerates with cuboidal shape self-assembled via a 3D hierarchical architecture, the sizes of these particles varied in the range between 141.0–175.5 nm. The limited coarsening of the particles is discussed based on the Zr-gel and Ti-gel dehydration capability differences that occurred under hydrothermal processing.
Nutritional Supplement Use in a UK High-Performance Swimming Club
Authors: Newbury Josh , Sparks S Andy , Cole Matthew , Kelly Adam L. , Gough Lewis Anthony
Published: July 2023

The aim of this study was to observe the nutritional supplement practices of highly trained swimmers on a national talent pathway, since it is often reported that swimmers engage in widespread supplement use at the elite level. Thus, this study conducted short interviews based on a validated supplement intake questionnaire with forty-four swimmers from a high-performance swimming club, which had three distinct talent stages: development (aged 11–14 years, n = 20), age-group (aged 13 – 17 years, n = 13), and national level (aged ≥16 years, n = 11). Ninety-eight percent of the interviewed swimmers reported using at least one supplement, with performance (34%) and recovery (19%) cited as the primary reasons. National swimmers used more total supplements (8.1 ± 3.4 supplements) compared to age-group (4.8 ± 2.0 supplements, p = 0.003, g = 1.17) and development (3.9 ± 1.7 supplements, p <0.001, g = 1.69) swimmers, mostly because of a greater intake of ergogenic aids (2.4 ± 1.4 supplements vs. age-group: 0.5 ± 0.5 sup-plements, p <0.001, g = 1.12; vs. development: 0.1 ± 0.2 supplements, p <0.001, g = 1.81). Par-ents/guardians were the primary supplement informants of development swimmers (74%, p <0.001, V = 0.50), whereas performance nutritionists informed ~50% of supplements used by age-group and national swimmers (p <0.001, V = 0.51). Based on these results, supplement edu-cation and greater focus on basic sport nutrition practices may be required for parents/guardians at the development level. Moreover, further research is needed to support the high number of ergogenic aids used by national swimmers, with the efficacy of these supplements currently equivocal in the applied setting.
Sustainability Assessment of Highly Fluorescent Carbon Dots Derived from Eucalyptus Leaves
Authors: Johny Archana , Silva Luís , Pereirs Carlos , Silva Joaquim C. G. Esteves da
Published: July 2023

Biomass-derived carbon dots (CDs) are gaining much interest in recent times as it is a sustainable option with abundant availability, low cost, and tunable luminescence. Herein, we report a simple green synthesis method to produce highly fluorescent CDs from Eucalyptus globulus leaves using the one-pot hydrothermal approach. The fabricated CDs exhibit strong blue fluorescence with an excitation and emission maxima of 340 nm and 442 nm respectively. The highest quantum yield (QY) obtained was 60.7%. Due to its promising optical properties and biocompatibility, CDs can be a potential candidate for biosensing applications. Moreover, we employed a life cycle assessment (LCA) cradle-to-gate approach to study the environmental impacts of the synthesis strategy used for the fabrication of CDs. The results point out that citric acid is a main hotspot in CDs synthesis, regarding environmental impacts in most categories. This justifies the introduction of biomass, which reduces the amount of citric acid, thus leading to a more sustainable synthesis strategy for fabricating CDs.
Correlations in the EPR States Observables
Authors: Orsini Daniel F. , Oliveira Luna R. N. , Luz Marcos G. E.
Published: July 2023

The identification and physical interpretation of quantum correlations, more recently explored beyond entanglement, is not always a simple task. Two assumptions that, at least in principle, should lead to a relatively large dispersion for the observables of a quantum bipartite formed by systems I and II are to assume that; (a) all the possible observables describing the composite are potentially equally probable as outcomes of measurements; and (b) there cannot be concurrence (positive reinforcement) between any of the observables within a given system, meaning all their corresponding operators do not commute. The so-called EPR states are known to observe (a). Here we demonstrate in general terms that they also verify (b). As examples, we discuss three-level systems. Given the character of (a) and (b), one may expect the CHSH correlation for qubits to naturally violate its associated Bell’s inequality (i.e., it would yield values greater than 2) when applied to EPR states. Surprisingly, we show the CHSH contradicts such prediction. This finding emphasizes the subtleties of correlations in quantum mechanics, where the conceivable dispersive interdependence of EPR states observables results counterintuitively in a more limited range of values for the CHSH correlation, not surpassing the nonlocality threshold of 2.
Fetal oxygenation from the 23rd to the 36th week of gestation evaluated through the umbilical cord blood gas analysis
Authors: Filippi Luca , Pascarella Francesca , Pini Alessandro , Cammalleri Maurizio , Bagnoli Paola , Morganti Riccardo , Innocenti Francesca , Castagnini Nicola , Melosi Alice , Scaramuzzo Rosa Teresa
Published: July 2023

Embryo and fetus grow in a hypoxic environment. Intrauterine oxygen levels fluctuate throughout the pregnancy allowing the oxygen to modulate apparently contradictory functions, such as the expansion of stemness but also differentiation. We have recently demonstrated that in the last weeks of pregnancy oxygenation progressively increases, but the trend of oxygen levels during the previous weeks remains to be clarified. In the present study, umbilical venous and arterial oxygen levels, fetal oxygen extraction, oxygen content, CO2, and lactate were evaluated in a cohort of healthy newborns with gestational age < 37 weeks. A progressive decrease in pO2 levels associated with a concomitant increase in pCO2 and reduction of pH has been observed starting from the 23rd week until approximately the 33-34th week of gestation. Over this period, despite the increased hypoxemia, oxygen content remains stable thanks to increasing hemoglobin concentration, which allows the fetus to becoming more hypoxemic, but not more hypoxic. Starting from the 33-34th week, fetal oxygenation increases and ideally continues following the trend recently described in term fetuses. The present study confirms that oxygenation during intrauterine life continues to vary even after placenta development, showing a clear biphasic trend. Fetuses, in fact, from mid-gestation to near-term become progressively more hypoxemic. However, starting from the 33-34th week, oxygenation progressively increases until birth. In this regard, our data suggest that the placenta is the hub that ensures this variable oxygen availability to the fetus, and we speculate that this biphasic trend is functional to the promotion, in specific tissues and at specific timing, of stemness and intrauterine differentiation.
Optimizing Treatment for Relapsed/Refractory Classic Hodgkin lymphoma in the Era of Immunotherapy
Authors: Randall Michael P. , Spinner Michael A.
Published: July 2023

Most patients with classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) are cured with combination chemotherapy, but approximately 10-20% will relapse and another 5-10% will have primary refractory disease. The treatment landscape of relapsed/refractory (R/R) cHL has evolved significantly over the past decade following the approval of brentuximab vedotin (BV), an anti-CD30 antibody-drug conjugate, and the PD-1 inhibitors, nivolumab and pembrolizumab. These agents have significantly expanded options for salvage therapy prior to autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (AHCT), post-transplant maintenance, and treatment of relapse after AHCT, which have led to improved survival in the modern era. In this review, we highlight our approach to management of R/R cHL in 2023 with a focus on choosing first salvage therapy, post-transplant maintenance, and treatment of relapse after AHCT. We also discuss management of older adults and transplant-ineligible patients who require a separate approach. Finally, we review novel immunotherapy approaches in clinical trials, including combinations of PD-1 inhibitors with other immune-activating agents as well as novel antibody-drug conjugates, bispecific antibodies, and cellular immunotherapies. Ongoing studies assessing biomarkers of response to immunotherapy and dynamic biomarkers such as circulating tumor DNA may further inform treatment decisions and enable a more personalized approach in the future.
A FRET Based Assay for the Identification of PCNA Inhibitors
Authors: Hardebeck Sarah , Schreiber Sebastian , Adick Annika , Langer Klaus , Jose Joachim
Published: July 2023

Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is the key regulator of human DNA metabolism. One important interaction partner is p15, involved in DNA replication and repair. Targeting the PCNA-p15 interaction is a promising therapeutic strategy against cancer. Here, a Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based assay for the analysis of PCNA-p15 interaction was developed. Next to the application as screening tool for the identification and characterization of PCNA-p15 interaction inhibitors, the assay is also suitable for the investigation of mutation-induced changes in their affinity. This is particularly useful for analysing disease associated PCNA or p15 variants at the molecular level. Recently, the PCNA variant C148S has been associated with Ataxia-telangiectasia-like disorder type 2 (ATLD2). ATLD2 is a neurodegenerative disease based on defects in DNA repair due to an impaired PCNA. Incubation time dependent FRET measurements indicated no effect on PCNAC148S-p15 affinity, but on PCNA stability. The impaired stability and increased aggregation behaviour of PCNAC148S was confirmed by intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence, DSF and AF4 measurements. The analysis of the disease associated PCNA variant demonstrated the versatility of the interaction assay as developed.
Preparation and Electrocatalytic Activity of Bimetallic Ni-Cu Micro- and Nanoparticles
Authors: Ivanova Nina M. , Muldakhmetov Zainulla M. , Soboleva Yelena A. , Vissurkhanova Yakha A. , Beisenbekova Moldir E.
Published: July 2023

Bimetallic Ni/Cu core-shell and Cu-Ni heterostructural micro- and nanoparticles were prepared using two simple successive reduction procedures. Monometallic Ni and Cu particles were synthesized for comparison. The phase constitutions and morphological features of the particles were studied by means of X-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy methods. All the obtained mono- and bimetallic particles were applied as electrocatalysts in the electrohydrogenation of p-nitrophenol (p-NPh). An additional electrochemical reduction of copper cations during the hydrogen saturation of Cu-containing particles was established. Some of the prepared particles exhibited high catalytic activity with an increase in the hydrogenation rate of p-NPh by more than 3 times compared to its electrochemical reduction on the non-activated cathode, and p-NPh conversion yielded the maximum values. The main product of p-NPh electrocatalytic hydrogenation over Ni-Cu particles is p-aminophenol, which is an intermediate in the synthesis of many drugs. p-Aminophenol formation is confirmed by UV-Vis spectra.