bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Renal Dysfunction in Pre-eclampsia: Etiology, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Perioperative Management: A Narrative Review
Authors: Ahmed Sohel M. G. , Kily Layla J. M. , Valappil Sikha Shastham , Ajmal Shameena , Elfil Hayat , Elamin Nada S. , Konje Justin C.
Published: October 2022

Preeclampsia and preeclampsia-associated renal dysfunction (PARD) are severe morbidities during pregnancy with potentially devastating maternal and fetal outcomes. PARD has various aetiologies; understanding the physiological renal adaptation during pregnancy is paramount for early detection, diagnosis, and appropriate management to minimise maternal and fetal morbidities and mortalities. In this article, we review the current medical literature on PARD. We conducted a literature review using PubMed MEDLINE and ScienceDirect electronic databases. We accessed published work on the pathogenesis of renal dysfunction in preeclampsia and its management from 2005 to 2020. We aimed to highlight possible perioperative management strategies based on the pathophysiological derangements of preeclampsia. We used the following search terms: preeclampsia, renal dysfunction, pathogenesis, and perioperative management. Most of the studies we reviewed were either observational (both prospective and retrospective) or translational research studies. We also outline the primary perioperative (peri-delivery) course and discuss management options as advised by leading international societies and their challenges and considerations.
PENGARUH MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN VIDEO TUTORIAL TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN CNC DI SMK NEGERI 1 PADANG
Authors: Habibie Sayyid Rasyid , Yufrizal Yufrizal , Purwantono Purwantono , Nurdin Hendri
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menunjukkan pengaruh  video tutorial materi CNC (Computer Numerical Control) terhadap hasil belajar siswa di SMK Negeri 1 Padang. Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode eksperimen, yang digunakan untuk mengungkapkan pengaruh suatu tindakan terhadap tindakan lainnya dalam kondisi yang terkendali. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMK Negeri 1 Padang yang terletak di Jl Mahmud Yunus Anduring. Kecamatan Kuranji, Kota Padang, Sumatera Barat. Sampel untuk penelitian dipetik pada dua kelas yaitu, kelas XI TP-A dan XI TP-B. Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi pengambilan tes dan pencatatan siswa untuk dijadikan sampel penelitian. Hasil  penelitian ini dinyatakan sebagai persentase hasil belajar yang diberikan peserta didik setelah memakai media video pembelajaran. Berdasarkan hasil setelah pengujian, rata-rata prestasi belajar siswa kelas kontrol adalah 74,03 dengan nilai teratas 88 dan terbawah 53, sedangkan rata-rata hasil belajar dari peserta didik kelas eksperimen adalah 81,30. 3 pertemuan dalam 3 minggu. Berdasarkan pembahasan, disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan alat peraga dengan video tutorial  berdampak baik terhadap perkembangan nilai belajar siswa.
TEACHERS’ ATTITUDES TOWARDS CODE-SWITCHING IN ETHIOPIAN EFL CLASSROOMS
Authors: Tamene Eyasu Hailu , Desalegn Arega Temesgen
Published: October 2022

Code-switching or the use of L1 in teaching English is a pervasive and inevitable phenomenon in Ethiopia where teachers and students who own the same first language. Nevertheless, researches carried out on the teachers’ attitudes to pedagogical code-switching in Ethiopian context are scarce.  This study, therefore, was designed to explore the attitudes of EFL teachers towards code-switching and seek their views on why code-switching should be used in English classrooms. This study employed a qualitative case study design where data were gathered through semi-structured interviews with five English teachers who were purposely selected from two secondary schools. The results revealed that the four teachers supported code-switching whereas one of the teachers had a different stance. All five teachers believed that code-switching should be used in a limited, selective, and purposeful way only when necessary. Furthermore, the results generally indicated that teachers had positive attitudes towards code-switching regarding academic, classroom management and socializing purposes although they had different stands on the specific functions of code-switching. Based on the results, it is possible to suggest that as code-switching is part and parcel of classroom discourse, teacher training programs should incorporate it as an effective instructional strategy.
Facteurs associés aux dépenses élevées en soins de santé chez les patients atteints de schizophrénie
Authors: Stewart Andrew J. , Patten Scott B. , Fiest Kirsten M. , Williamson Tyler S. , Wick James P. , Ronksley Paul E.
Published: October 2022

Introduction

La compréhension des motifs de la grande variation des dépenses en soins de santé chez les patients atteints de schizophrénie est susceptible de contribuer à l’élaboration d’interventions visant à améliorer les résultats pour les patients et l’efficience des dépenses en soins de santé. Notre étude visait à déterminer les facteurs associés aux dépenses élevées en soins de santé chez les patients atteints de schizophrénie.

Méthodologie

Cette étude transversale en série a utilisé les dossiers de santé administratifs de résidents de l’Alberta (Canada) entre le 1er janvier 2008 et le 31 décembre 2017 ainsi que les méthodes provinciales d’établissement des coûts afin de calculer les dépenses totales en soins de santé et les coûts par secteur. Les facteurs modifiant la probabilité d’être un patient à coût élevé (dans le 95e percentile ou plus) atteint de schizophrénie ont été estimés au moyen d’équations d’estimation généralisées.

Résultats

Cette étude a recueilli 242 818 années‑personnes d’observations chez 38 177 patients atteints de schizophrénie. Une probabilité accrue d’être un patient à coût élevé a été associée à un âge plus jeune (18 à 29 ans), le fait d’être de sexe masculin, un état de logement instable et des besoins de soins dans de multiples spécialités médicales. Les associations estimées les plus fortes entre l’état d’un patient à coût élevé et la comorbidité concernaient le cancer métastatique (RC = 2,26) et la cirrhose (RC = 2,07). À l’opposé, la polypharmacie a été associée à une diminution de la probabilité de coûts élevés comparativement aux patients non traités.

Conclusion

Les facteurs associés au fait d’être un patient à coût élevé résultent d’interactions complexes entre facteurs individuels, facteurs structurels et facteurs liés au traitement. Les efforts visant à améliorer les résultats des patients et à faire face à la hausse des coûts des soins de santé doivent tenir compte de la valeur de l’affectation des ressources au dépistage précoce et au soutien des patients atteints de schizophrénie ainsi qu’à la prévention et à la gestion de la comorbidité
Facteurs de stress et symptômes associés à des antécédents d’expériences négatives dans l’enfance chez les grands adolescents et les jeunes adultes pendant la pandémie de COVID 19 au Manitoba (Canada)
Authors: Salmon Samantha , Taillieu Tamara L. , Stewart-Tufescu Ashley , MacMillan Harriet L. , Tonmyr Lil , Gonzalez Andrea , Afifi Tracie O.
Published: October 2022

Introduction

La pandémie de COVID-19 a eu d’importantes conséquences économiques, sociales et psychologiques pour les adolescents et les jeunes adultes, sans que l’on sache si ceux ayant des antécédents d’expériences négatives dans l’enfance (ENE) étaient particulièrement vulnérables. Nous avons donc vérifié si des antécédents d’ENE étaient associés chez les jeunes de 16 à 21 ans, pendant la pandémie, à des difficultés financières, à un manque de soutien psychologique, à un sentiment de stress ou d’anxiété, à une baisse de moral ou une dépression, à une consommation accrue d’alcool ou de cannabis et à une hausse des conflits avec les parents, la fratrie ou les partenaires intimes.

Méthodologie

Les données ont été recueillies en novembre et décembre 2020 auprès de répondants âgés de 16 à 21 ans (n = 664) participant au cycle 3 de l’étude longitudinale et intergénérationnelle WES (Well-being and Experience Study), menée au Manitoba (Canada). Les associations, stratifiées par âge, entre les ENE et les facteurs de stress ou symptômes liés à la pandémie ont été analysées par régression logistique binaire et multinomiale.

Résultats

Les antécédents d’ENE sont associés aux facteurs liés à la pandémie suivants : difficultés financières (plage du rapport de risque relatif ajusté [RRRa] : 2,44 à 7,55), manque de soutien psychologique (plage du RRRa : 2,13 à 26,77), niveau accru de stress ou d’anxiété et de baisse de moral ou dépression (plage du rapport de cotes ajusté [RCa] : 1,78 à 5,05), consommation accrue d’alcool et de cannabis (plage du RCa : 1,99 à 8,02) et hausse des conflits relationnels (plage du RCa : 1,98 à 22,59). Les grands adolescents ont présenté un moins grand nombre d’associations et d’ampleur plus faible que les jeunes adultes.

Conclusion

Les adolescents et les jeunes adultes ayant des antécédents d’ENE ont fait état d’une probabilité accrue de facteurs de stress et de symptômes liés à la pandémie. Ils pourraient donc avoir besoin de plus de ressources et de soutien que leurs pairs sans antécédents d’ENE. Les différences entre les résultats des adolescents et ceux des jeunes adultes indiquent que les interventions devraient être adaptées aux besoins de chaque groupe d’âge.
Negócios Empreendedores Sustentáveis
Authors: Teixeira Marco Antonio Casadei , Ramos Heidy Rodriguez
Published: October 2022

e oportunidades dentro das estruturas econômicas existentes e como motivadores que inspiram comportamentos sustentáveis. O objetivo deste estudo foi examinar por meio de um levantamento bibliográfico, as tendências nas publicações sobre os negócios empreendedores sustentáveis. Neste estudo, foram recuperados 301 artigos da base de dados Web of Science e analisada a convergência entre empreendedorismo e sustentabilidade por meio de uma abordagem qualitativa. A sustentabilidade e a inovação têm sido amplamente discutidas nos estudos de empreendedorismo, e os negócios empresariais sustentáveis têm surgido como um tema recorrente na literatura acadêmica. Foi possível observar que a pesquisa em empreendedorismo e sustentabilidade vem convergindo para o empreendedorismo sustentável que promove a compreensão e operação eficiente dos negócios existentes e os novos negócios, bem como a eliminação da degradação ambiental. Além de gerar novos negócios e melhorar os existentes, o empreendedorismo sustentável ajuda a reconstruir a economia e cumprir metas sociais, econômicas e ambientais.
Use of bedside ultrasound in the evaluation of acute dyspnea: a comprehensive review of evidence on diagnostic usefulness
Authors: Lozada-Martinez Ivan David , Daza-Patiño Isabela Zenilma , Reina-González Gerardo Jesus Farley , Rojas-Pava Sebastián , Angulo-Lara Ailyn Zenith , Carmona-Rodiño María Paola , Sarmiento-Najar Olga Gissela , Romero-Madera Jhon Mike , Ángel-Hernandez Yesid Alonso
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Acute dyspnea is one of the most frequently observed symptoms in emergency departments, which can be caused mainly by pulmonary or cardiac system involvement. Bedside ultrasound is postulated as an innovative tool for basic use by the physician, which can complement the physical examination and quickly explore the integrity of thoracic structures
Objectives: To synthesize recent evidence on the use of bedside ultrasound in the evaluation of acute dyspnea
Materials and methods: A bibliographic search was carried out using search terms such as "Bedside Ultrasound" and "Acute Dyspnea", as well as synonyms, which were combined with Boolean operators, in the databases PubMed, ScienceDirect, Embase, EBSCO, and MEDLINE.
Results: During the literature review, 10 observational studies, 2 clinical trials and 2 systematic reviews met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. The use of bedside ultrasound changes the main diagnosis associated with acute dyspnea in more than 60% of cases, the most frequent being acute decompensated heart failure and pneumonia. Protocols such as SEARCH 8Es for the evaluation of dyspnea in the emergency department, has a performance with sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value parameters above 95%.
Conclusions: The current evidence on the use of bedside ultrasound in the management of patients with acute dyspnea in the emergency department is limited, Although the level of evidence is not the best, it suggests that this tool may promote the diagnostic perfomance of acute dyspnea of pulmonary or cardiac causes, improve the time to diagnosis, and enhance physician diagnostic confidence.
Tumor Biology's struggle to survive: A tough lesson for cancer and oncology research journals
Authors: Teixeira da Silva Jaime A.
Published: October 2022

Tumor Biology, owned by the International Society of Oncology and BioMarkers and currently published by IOS Press, lost its Clarivate impact factor of 3.650 in 2017. It has been plagued by over 100 retractions due to paper mills (including a batch of 15 papers published between 2014 and 2016 that were retracted at the end of 2021), faked peer reviews, and forged research. According to PubMed, the number of papers published by Tumor Biology has been reduced to a mere trickle, dropping from 707 in 2017 to 66 in 2018. It is unclear how Tumor Biology will be able to recover from such disastrous reputational damage and whether there is even merit in continuing its publication. Other journals for cancer and oncology research would do well to observe this case closely and learn from its mistakes.
Nematicidal Activities of Saccharin and Erythritol Against Pinewood Nematode
Authors: Kim Junheon , Lee Sujin
Published: October 2022

The pinewood nematode (PWN), Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner & Bührer), causes pine wilt disease (PWD) resulting in severe environmental damage to pine forest ecosystems worldwide. To develop alternative strategies for managing PWD, the nematicidal activities of two sweeteners, erythritol and saccharin, were investigated. Among these two sweeteners, saccharin induced higher mortality in a dose-dependent manner. The LC50 and LC90 values of saccharin were estimated to be 0.321 M and 0.615 M, respectively. However, erythritol did not exhibit nematicidal activities. The results of our study demonstrated that saccharin is lethal to PWN and shows nematicidal effects in a dose-dependent manner. Although the mechanisms of saccharin toxicity are not yet investigated, saccharin could be used as an effective alternative for the management of PWN.
Econometric modeling of job satisfaction in education
Authors: Osipov Alexander Leonidovich , Trushina Veronika Pavlovna
Published: October 2022

The purpose of the study is to establish a causal relationship between job satisfaction in the field of education in the Russian Federation, depending on the satisfaction with: working conditions; opportunities for professional growth; remuneration. The article deals with the problem of modeling socio-economic satisfaction with work in the field of education. Based on the correlation analysis, linear and nonlinear models of the interrelationships of factors related to this problem are formed. Econometric models have been developed to effectively assess the level of job satisfaction of employees employed in the field of education. The scientific novelty lies in the study of new models that are statistically superior to domestic developments in this field of activity. As a result, the most significant factors affecting the level of job satisfaction were identified.
To the issue of the essential content of the digital environment of the provision of medical services
Authors: Safonov Vladimir Vasil'evich
Published: October 2022

The purpose of the study is to reveal the essential content of the digital environment for the provision of medical services. The article discusses various scientific approaches to the formation and development of the digital health care environment. Scientific novelty lies in the substantiation of the definition of a digital environment for the provision of medical services, which will allow developing a scientific and methodological approach to designing a digital ecosystem for the development of the regional economy based on increasing the level of health preservation of citizens. As a result, the strategic directions for the development of the digital environment for the provision of medical services were identified, reflecting the global trends in the development of digital health.
The axial line of the global economy "swarm" in the space of economic indices EPI, BLI, CPI
Authors: Seidametova Zarema Seidalievna , Temnenko Valery Anatolievich
Published: October 2022

The purpose of the study is to determine the concept of the axial line of the swarm of the global economy in the three-dimensional space of the economic indices EPI, BLI, CPI and to construct mathematical expressions that determine the shape of this line based on statistical data on the world economy. To construct the axial line the median points of the EPI-groups of the global economy were used. In the paper we discuss certain assumptions about the asymptotic behavior of the axial line at small and large values of the CPI. Scientific novelty of research lies in the explicit construction of the axial line of the global economy. The existence and shape of this line reveal as a result some fundamental trend in the world economy, statistically linking at the level of EPI-groups the state of society (CPI), the measure of the state's social orientation (BLI) and economic productivity (EPI).
Assessment of the level of provision of the Russian population with medicines and their availability at the present stage
Authors: Toluzakov Artur Konstantinovich
Published: October 2022

The purpose of the study is to assess the level of provision of the Russian population with medicines and their availability at the present stage. For the pharmaceutical industry, 2020 turned out to be a serious challenge and a test of strength due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, the assessment of the provision of medicines to the Russian population and their availability for further development of proposals to improve the country's security level has now become particularly relevant. The scientific novelty lies in the assessment of the latest trends in the provision of medicines to the Russian population. As a result, the factors of the lack of medicines on the domestic market and the increase in prices for them were identified.
Improving the organization and methods of accounting and control of income and expenses of autonomous institutions
Authors: Turishcheva Tatyana Borisovna
Published: October 2022

The purpose of the study is to develop practical recommendations for the development and improvement of the organization and methods of accounting and control of income and expenses of autonomous institutions. The scientific novelty of the study includes proposals for improving and formalizing the classification procedures and, accordingly, accounting for the income and expenses of autonomous institutions for exchange and non-exchange operations, also substantiated the directions for improving the quality of internal control procedures for the implementation of estimates by focusing on the implementation of indicators of the state order, reporting on the results of the implementation of the estimate and the validity of determining the volume of extrabudgetary receipts. As a result, it was found that in modern conditions of reforming the public sector of the Russian economy, it is critically necessary to increase the effectiveness of the impact of accounting and control systems on the activities of autonomous institutions by improving their organization, accelerating the speed of obtaining initial data, using innovative analytical tools that can ensure the selection of the most optimal options management.
Overstratum of intellectuals - a new power and management structure of Knowledge Society
Authors: Krivovyaz Natalia Victorovna
Published: October 2022

The purpose of the study is to substantiate the socio-cultural contexts of the leading role of knowledge in the transformation of power and managerial relations in the knowledge society. The article analyzes the nature of the intellectual overstraat – a new power and management structure that is being formed in the conditions of the Knowledge Society, and identifies the socio-cultural prerequisites for the formation of this phenomenon. New spheres of cultural life, new social strata and strata, as shown in the study, were the result of a" shift", a" shift " of power from the economy to knowledge. The "shift" in the structures of power and management undermines the traditional bureaucratic foundations. The overstraat of intellectuals is presented as embodying the power of knowledge. As a result, the functions of the intellectual overstrate in a knowledge - based society-social, economic, political and state-are identified and analyzed; the socio-cultural context of the leading role of knowledge in the transformation of power and managerial relations of the "Knowledge Society"is substantiated.
The impact of informatization of society on modern methods of training accountants
Authors: Dzhaferova Sevil Edemovna , Mustafayeva Elmira Ismetovna
Published: October 2022

The purpose of the study is to determine the degree of influence of the informatization of society on modern methods of training accountants. The article discusses the main directions of changes in the educational process, and also highlights the factors that are tools for modernizing education and accounting. The article considers the conceptual model of open education, as well as its system-forming principles. The features that should influence the organization of the educational process and the methodology of training specialists in accounting are highlighted. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that such elements of open education as an individual approach, flexibility of the educational process, active use of distance learning forms are proposed, which should be actively involved in the training of accountants. As a result, the features that should influence the organization of the educational process and the methodology of training accounting specialists are identified.
A Community Pharmacist’s Guide to Oral COVID-19 Antivirals
Authors: Melton Tyler C. , Hawkins Brandon K.
Published: October 2022

The recent approval of novel, oral antivirals for the treatment of COVID-19 has significantly altered the outpatient management of patients diagnosed with COVID-19.  From a community pharmacy perspective, the two treatment options for mild to moderate COVID-19 are Paxlovid™ (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) and Lagevrio™ (molnupiravir).  While the availability of these antivirals has expanded community pharmacists’ capability to provide care for patients diagnosed with COVID-19, many community pharmacists may struggle to effectively operationalize these agents in practice.  This commentary provides a review of Paxlovid™ and Lagevrio™ clarifying the differences between each medication and their respective places in therapy, as well as suggestions and best-practices to operationalize the provision of these services in community pharmacies.  These considerations are necessary to support and inform community pharmacy practice when providing oral COVID-19 antiviral therapy.
Native Americans into Medicine: A Program focused on Developing Representation and Diversity in Healthcare
Authors: Owen Mary , Conway Patricia , Hanson Jessica , McCarty Catherine , Golden Mangan
Published: October 2022

The Center of American Indian and Minority Health (CAIMH), housed in the University of Minnesota Duluth Medical School, aims to reduce American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) health disparities by increasing the numbers of AIAN physicians, increasing awareness of AIAN healthcare, and conducting AIAN health related research. For the past 50 years CAIMH has held a summer enrichment program, Native Americans Into Medicine (NAM), with the goal of increasing the numbers of AIAN students successfully matriculating to and graduating from health professions programs. Until 2018, the program focused on improving math and science aptitude. In 2018, CAIMH significantly changed the NAM curriculum, focusing instead on research training, specifically Indigenous informed research conducted with and for AIAN communities. The curriculum and overall program changes were in response to persistent AIAN health disparities, minimal research available on AIAN health disparities, and low AIAN representation in nearly all health professions including medical research. By providing research training, CAIMH improves AIAN students' science and math (statistics) aptitude as before, but now also gives them skills that enhance their standing as applicants to health professions programs and that they can use in their future careers. The training also benefits AIAN communities by increasing the numbers of Tribal members aware of standards of research in Indigenous communities.  The NAM curriculum highlights research best practices when working with AIAN communities.
Engaging Native American Students in Research Methodology through Development and Validation of a Tobacco Survey
Authors: Golden Mangan , Conway Patricia , McCarty Catherine , Versnik Nowak Amy , Hanson Jessica , Begay Desbah , Binette Maliyan , Birdchief Linn , Blaisdell Fredrick , Carbone Ginearosa , Culver Seth , Goodsky Teague , Greensky ZhaaZhaa , Greyeyes Nizhoni , Henry Joshua , Impson Quinton , Littlesun Cheyne , McGeshick Genevieve , Nephew Dannah , Running Fisher Ty , Spear Michael , Thompson Leah , Owen Mary
Published: October 2022

Background:  The purpose of this project was to provide a learning experience for AIAN undergraduate students participating in a summer academic enrichment program, Native Americans into Medicine (NAM). Through NAM, operated by the Center of American Indian and Minority Health, students learned quantitative and qualitative research skills. They applied these skills through the development of a culturally relevant survey to measure commercial tobacco use in AIAN teens and analysis of the survey results.
Methods: In Phase/year 1, students learned qualitative research methods and interviewed participants of a regional Tribal community powwow to inform the cultural adaptation of the National Youth Tobacco Survey. In Phase/year 2, the students learned about quantitative research methods through the conduct of a cross-sectional study in which the survey was distributed to rural Minnesota schools to assess tobacco attitudes, use, intent to use, and factors influencing tobacco use in AIAN youth. NAM student participants then analyzed the survey data.  Benchmarks for student success included: development of a tool to assess tobacco use in AIAN youth, conduct of research study, and dissemination of research results.
Results:  At the pow wow in year 1, twenty-six youth ranging between 12 and 18 years of age who self-identified as AIAN were recruited to participate in cognitive interviews.  As a group, student researchers reviewed each survey question for possible revision and consideration for inclusion in the final survey. In year 2, completed surveys were obtained from 281 (15% of eligible) students from 5 schools; 256 surveys were usable. Thirty-one percent (N=80) students self-identified as AIAN; 56% were male. Students’ mean age was 15.8 years. Thirty-eight percent had ever tried cigarette smoking, even one or two puffs, and had ever vaped.  As a cohort, students presented research results to health directors and providers at 2 tribal clinics.
Discussion: In conclusion, this two-year cohort approach to teaching qualitative and quantitative research skills to AIAN students was successful by internal benchmarks, namely student researchers developed, implemented, and analyzed a survey appropriate for AIAN high school students, and all student researchers presented their research results at least once.
Aguirre, Carlos y Ricardo D. Salvatore (ed.). Bibliotecas y cultura letrada en América Latina: siglos XIX y XX. Lima: Pontificia Universidad Católica, Fondo Editorial, 2018, 364 p.
Authors: Planas Javier
Published: October 2022

La cuestión de la historia de las bibliotecas en América Latina remite a un espacio de conocimiento cuyo alcance y especificidad está en debate. Su trayectoria es algo zigzagueante. Asociada siempre a la historia del libro —de hecho, muchas de las cátedras en la academia que abordan estos estudios se denominan, a falta de mejor inspiración, “Historia del Libro y las Bibliotecas”—, no atrajo, sin embargo, la misma atención que esta. A la transformación conceptual y metodológica que ayudaron a propiciar Robert Darnton y Roger Chartier a mitad en la década de 1980 al sugerir la constitución de un nuevo y prometedor campo, la Historia de la Lectura, le siguió en toda Latinoamérica una expansión formidable de las pesquisas sobre las imprentas, las editoriales, las librerías y los lectorados. Muchos de estos tópicos constituían auténticas deudas historiográficas. En otros casos, el uso de esos marcos teóricos promovió, como era esperable, interpretaciones diferentes de aquellas que los viejos maestros —los Torre Revello, los Toribio Medina— habían dejado a su paso. Pero en esta renovación la historia de las bibliotecas no mereció el mismo cuidado. No es justo señalar que es un ámbito de vacancia, pues existen ya muy buenas obras individuales y colectivas que ofrecen cimientos sólidos. Y también es cierto que existen obras que abundan en descripciones incansables, sin programa ni rumbo. Al olvidar el compromiso interpretativo, al abandonar demasiado pronto el esfuerzo por situar la biblioteca en la trama densa de los circuitos culturales y políticos, al evitar sumergir su significación en el imaginario social, esas investigaciones no colaboraron con la formación de una trayectoria heurística, que es, después de todo y al fin de cuentas, lo que se requiere para la construcción de conocimiento. Probablemente, entonces, ese escaso poder de seducción que presentan muchas de las contribuciones realizadas hasta el presente, junto al hecho incontrovertible del estado de sujeción en el que permaneció la historia de las bibliotecas como apéndice de disciplinas de mayor prestigio académico —como la historia intelectual y la historia de la literatura—, obturaron la posibilidad de comprender los encadenamientos de sentidos producidos por ese fenómeno singular que es la biblioteca, que a muchos atrae y a todos desborda.
Castaño Pareja, Yoer Javier. Eslabones del mundo andino. Comercio, mercados y circuitos pecuarios en el Nuevo Reino de Granada y la Audiencia de Quito 1580-1715. Medellín: Editorial EAFIT, 2019, 444p.
Authors: Mora Pacheco Katherinne Giselle
Published: October 2022

Eslabones del mundo andino es una obra dedicada a demostrar los intensos intercambios que, en el siglo XVII, se presentaban al interior y entre territorios andinos del Nuevo Reino de Granada y la Audiencia de Quito, áreas que, comparadas con Nueva España o Perú, parecían no importar a la Corona española. Para tal fin, Yoer Castaño se vale del estudio de las actividades relacionadas con la producción, distribución y consumo de ganado y sus derivados. Se trata de una investigación innovadora en cuanto a sus temáticas, escalas, fuentes, explicaciones y, sobre todo, por su ruptura con supuestos historiográficos tradicionalmente aceptados. Sus aportes han sido reconocidos con anterioridad a la publicación de este libro y desde su defensa en 2015 de su tesis de doctorado en Historia en El Colegio de México. La misma institución le otorgó el premio Adrián Lajous Martínez a la mejor tesis y, en 2016, la Fundación Alejandro Ángel Escobar le concedió Mención de Honor en la categoría de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas. Por las discusiones historiográficas que puede motivar esta publicación, cabe resaltar algunas de sus contribuciones puntuales.
Marine Entanglements: Tropical Materialism and Hydrographic Imaginary in Nnedi Okorafor’s Lagoon
Authors: Sarkar Sanchar , Rangarajan Swarnalatha
Published: October 2022

In the epoch of the Anthropocene the environment is predominantly characterised by innumerable entanglements of matter. According to materialist theorist Jane Bennett, matter acts as a ‘distributive agency’ that intertwines itself with a “multiplicity of other material bodies and formations'' across space and time (Khan, 2012, p. 42). Nnedi Okorafor’s novel Lagoon (2014) centres around the material entanglement scenario between oil and marine waters off the coast of Nigeria in Africa. Okorafor’s Afrofuturist Science Fiction narrative focuses on oil’s vitality and overwhelming presence in the tropical marinescape and elaborates on the significance of oil as a material determinant that forces us to rethink matter’s affective influence in the marinescapes of the tropics. This article analyses how human extracted matter like oil acts as a vital agentic force that confronts, reconfigures, and modifies the physical compositional properties of marine water. The article employs tropical materialism to study the performative role of matter as a ‘hyperobjective’ register within the constructed eco(aqua)-speculative and hydrographic imaginary of Okorafor’s Sci-Fi narrative.
ANALISIS KESALAHAN SISWA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL CERITA PADA TOPIK SISITEM PERSAMAAN LINIER DUA VARIABEL BERDASARKAN PROSEDUR NEWMAN
Authors: Sari Delvita Rahma , Suryani Mulia , Delyana Hafizah
Published: October 2022

The error analysis in this study is the error made by students in solving stories problems on the topic of a two-variable linear equation system based on the Newman procedure. This study uses a descriptive method with a quantitative approach. The subjects of this study were students of class VIII B MTsN 13 Pesisir Selatan. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The instruments used to collect data are tests and documentation. The results showed that the errors that were mostly made by students were encoding error of 34.64%, including the high enough category. Furthermore, the process skill error and are 30.46%, including the fairly high category. Meanwhile, the transformation error is 15.23%, including the small category. For the comprehension error of 15.23%, including the small category, and the reading error of 4.64% including the very small category. So, it can be concluded that the mistakes that many students make in story problems are two-variable linear equation system problems, encoding errors of 34.44% and the smallest errors made by students, reading errors of 4.64%.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN LOGAN AVENUE PROBLEM SOLVING HEURISTIC TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIS SISWA SMP
Authors: Marissa Erlinda Isulis , Solahudin Iman
Published: October 2022

TThe ability to solve problems is one of the abilities that students lack mastery of. This results in many difficulties faced when learning mathematics. This problem is not absolutely the student's fault. But the teacher as a facilitator also plays a very important role, one of which is the use of appropriate and efficient learning models to help improve these abilities, namely alternative choices with LAPS-Heuristics. This study aims to determine the effect of LAPS-Heuristic on the mathematical problem solving ability of SMPN 3 Kasokandel students. This study uses a mixed approach (mixed method) with data collection through test questions in the form of posttest, student response questionnaires, and documentation. The population used is two classes, namely the control and experimental classes, each of which is 24 students. The findings in this study are the LAPS-Heuristic learning model has an influence on the ability to solve mathematical problems of students by obtaining The level of problem-solving ability of the experimental class is greater than that of the control class, it can be seen from the average per indicator including indicators of knowing and understanding the problem of 90 and 71, indicators of planning problems of 80.25 and 60.5, indicators of implementing plans 87.75 and 67.25 and the indicator rechecked the results of 55.5 and 44. While the results of student responses are mostly positive with the acquisition of 90% and negative by 24%.
Dual-Solver Hybrid Computational Approach to Integrated Propulsion Aerodynamics
Authors: Moushegian Alex M. , Smith Marilyn J.
Published: October 2022

The demand for high-efficiency air vehicles and the development of distributed electric propulsion systems for aircraft are exposing the need for accurate aerodynamic prediction of multiple integrated propulsion systems. Conventional high-fidelity computational methods are too expensive, and low-cost low-fidelity methods make too many aerodynamic assumptions to be applied to these analyses. Dual-solver hybrid computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods bridge the gap between these two categories of solvers, but many lack capabilities that are needed for complex vehicles. Recent improvements to the hybrid solver OVERFLOW-CHARM provide efficient and accurate analysis of integrated propulsion systems with hybrid CFD methods, as demonstrated on the wing–propeller system of the AIAA Workshop for Integrated Propeller Prediction. Predictions of propeller thrust are within 1% of conventional CFD data, and wing pressure coefficient distributions agree well with both experimental data and conventional CFD methods. The dual-solver results were obtained at half the computational cost of the full CFD simulation.
Numerical Simulation of the Flow in the ONERA F1 Wind Tunnel
Authors: Mouton Sylvain
Published: October 2022

This paper presents the outcome of numerical simulations of the flowfield inside the ONERA F1 wind tunnel, which is a large-scale pressurized low-speed wind tunnel mostly used to investigate the takeoff and landing performance of aircrafts in high-lift configuration. The simulations were carried out under Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes modeling assumptions. Results were compared to available experimental data characterizing the tunnel flowfield, especially in the test section. The overall flow physics is well captured by the simulations. However, when looking at the result with a more demanding level of accuracy, some important characteristics of the velocity distribution in the test section, such as flow upwash and total pressure distribution, are not replicated. Reasons are discussed in the paper, and some recommendations are derived for future similar simulations.
Numerical Investigation on Supersonic Film Cooling Performance with Discrete Film Holes
Authors: Zhou Junfei
Published: October 2022

The effect of the discrete film cooling hole type on flow characteristics and the cooling performance of supersonic film cooling are numerically studied on a flat plate. Three film hole types (cylindrical hole, merged hole, and sister hole) are evaluated. Numerical simulation is conducted under a constant mainstream Mach number and six coolant Mach numbers ranging from [Formula: see text]. The three-dimensional effects of shock impingement on the flow characteristics and cooling performance are analyzed. The flow features (especially the interaction between the jet flow and the mainstream) are illustrated. The results show that the supersonic film cooling performance is heavily affected by many factors: the shear layer developed from the detached boundary layer, the boundary-layer separation downstream of the film hole, the jet liftoff phenomenon, the kidney vortex, and the oblique shock wave impingement. Those factors, except for the shock wave impingement, are heavily affected by the discrete film hole types and coolant Mach numbers. The shock impingement is not conducive to the lateral expansion of the cooling film. There is an optimal coolant Mach number for the best film cooling effectiveness under three film hole types, and the sister hole yields the best cooling performance.
Avaliação da funcionalidade de pacientes internados em unidade de terapia intensiva de um hospital filantrópico de Teresina, Piauí
Authors: Silva Kaliny Caetano , Barros Giliena Alves , Silva Allan Dellon da , Sousa Filho Antônio Anchieta , Batista Lucas Paiva de Passos , Moreira Marcel Furtado
Published: October 2022

Objetivo: Avaliar o índice de funcionalidade no momento da admissão e alta de pacientes internados na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) de um hospital filantrópico de Teresina, Piauí. Métodos: Estudo longitudinal prospectivo, que incluiu pacientes internados em alguma das UTI’s, com até 24 horas de admissão, com idade entre 18 e 57 anos, em uso ou não de via aérea artificial, com doses baixas de sedação e/ou despertos. A amostra foi composta por 50 pacientes. Foram utilizadas duas escalas funcionais para a avaliação: Physical Function in Intensive Care Unit test (PFIT) e Intensive Care Unit Mobility Scale (IMS). Os dados obtidos foram inseridos em planilha EXCEL, sendo realizadas as médias e desvio padrão, e posterior comparação dos dados com Teste t de Student, considerando estatisticamente significante o p ≤ 0,05. Resultados: O escore dos pacientes foi maior na avaliação final do que na avaliação inicial. Além disso, em relação ao sexo e a faixa etária, observou-se que os valores finais foram estatisticamente maiores na maioria das categorias, exceto em pacientes até 40 anos, no qual o valor das médias antes e depois foram estatisticamente iguais (p-valor >0,05). Conclusão: Conclui-se que houve melhora no índice de funcionalidade ao longo da internação, independente do sexo, idade, quadro clínico e funcional dos pacientes analisados. Dessa forma, ressalta-se a importância da adoção de protocolos e escalas que facilitem o processo de avaliação do paciente ao longo da internação hospitalar.
Transtorno de ansiedade generalizada pós-Covid: revisão integrativa
Authors: Riskalla Alexandre Cordeiro , Araujo Neto Adolfo Rodrigues de , Alcântara Emily  Costa dos Santos , Emerenciano Luiza Magalhães , Souza Mayan Hayro Macedo Alves de , Silva Isaías Lima da , Nogueira Hellen Araujo , Santos Lukéssia di Paula Pereira dos , Queiroz Andrea Delmare Bomfim de , Oliveira Hemilly Joanny Cardoso de
Published: October 2022

Objetivo: Investigar os distúrbios ansiosos no pós-Covid destacando a ansiedade como consequência da infecção pelo SARS-CoV-2. Métodos: Estudo de revisão integrativa, na qual, foram utilizados estudos observacionais, desde janeiro 2019 até junho de 2022, publicados em quaisquer idiomas que foram identificados pelos seguintes descritores: “Ansiedade”, “Covid-19”, “Transtorno de ansiedade generalizada”. As bases de dados consultadas foram: The Cochrane Library, PubMed, Science Direct, SciELO e LILACS. Resultados: Um total de 2137 publicações foram encontrados na base de dados consultadas, e, dessas oito foram elegíveis para análise sugerindo que os métodos diagnósticos se baseiam nos questionários GAD-7, mPHG15, PHQ-9, DSM-V, CD-RISC e CES-D. A maioria das descobertas relatam uma amostra que experimentou um transtorno de ansiedade generalizada moderada a grave e associada ao transtorno depressivo. As limitações dos estudos se agrupam no fato do estudo ser transversal o que não permite inferências causais, realizar pesquisa de forma online e divergências quanto ao idioma do estudo e as características que determinavam a amostra. Considerações finais: É evidente que a preocupação com a pandemia, o medo de transmitir o vírus, o relacionamento familiar conflituoso e principalmente o medo de adquirir o vírus se tornaram os principais fatores de desencadeamento do quadro ansioso.
Differential pulse voltammetry study of gadolinium-DTPA complex
Authors: Santhy Wyantuti , Safri Ishmayana , Fanny I. Permatasari , Yeni Wahyuni Hartati , M. Lutfi Firdaus
Published: October 2022

The rare earth element (REE) is a group of elements with extensive use. One of the most used REEs is gadolinium (Gd) that is widely used as contrast agent. Gd complexes commonly used as contrasting compounds are Gd-DTPA. Gd-DTPA has been widely used in the health sector to diagnose various diseases because it is safe for the body and only gives mild side effects such as headaches, nausea and burning in the injection area. Gd-DTPA determination generally uses sophisticated but expensive methods such as Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) and Resonance Ionization Mass Spectrometry (RIMS). Therefore, other methods which are more affordable but have high sensitivity are needed. The voltammetry method has advantages such as providing simple footage, fast analysis time and low detection limit. The purpose of this study was to determine the current response of Gd-DTPA using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and voltammetry performance on Gd-DTPA analysis. In this study, an analysis of Gd-DTPA was carried out without and with reflux. The results obtained showed that preparation of Gd-DTPA without reflux did not form Gd-DTPA complexes whereas Gd-DTPA resulting from reflux formed Gd-DTPA complex compounds which produced a peak current at potential -1,4034 V with precision and accuracy for Gd-DTPA 15 mgL-1 as 98.83% and 99.00% respectively. Recovery was 101% with detection limit and quantization limit was 3.97 mgL-1 and 10.71 mgL-1 respectively.
Biocidal investigation, characterization and preparation of ferrous-cobalt codoped tin dioxide nanoparticles by microwave-assisted green technique using Psidium guajava leaf extract
Authors: Shakila S. , Venkatraman B.R.
Published: October 2022

Ferrous-cobalt (Fe-Co) co-doped tin oxide (SnO2) nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared using Psidium guajava leaf extract by microwave-assisted green synthesis. FeCo:SnO2 NPs was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX) techniques. PXRD patterns revealed the tetragonal structure of FeCo:SnO2 NPs, with an average crystalline size of 67 nm. The Sn-O stretching bands were detected in the FTIR spectra at 441 cm-1. FESEM analysis showed that FeCo:SnO2 NPs had a spherical structure and chemical composition of the elements such as Fe, Co, Sn and O identified by EDAX spectra. The oxygen vacancy of surface defects was explored using photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The antibacterial activity of prepared NPs was evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) and Klebsiella pneumonia (K. pneumonia) using well diffusion method. FeCo:SnO2 NPs exhibited better antibacterial activity than amoxicillin. The anticancer activity of FeCo:SnO2 NPs was explored against MCF-7 cell lines (human breast cancer). The biocidal results demonstrate that Psidium guajava leaf extract-derived FeCo:SnO2 NPs showed significant inhibition against tested bacterial strains and enhanced potency against MCF-7 cancer cell lines.
Amylolytic Geobacillus from Kamojang Crater Hot Springs, Garut, Indonesia
Authors: Safitri Ratu , Pylia Rika Okta , Gaffar Shabarni
Published: October 2022

The hot springs area of Kamojang Crater, Garut Indonesia is a prospective habitat for amylase-producing thermophile bacteria. Researchers have been drawn to thermophilic bacteria because they produce thermostable enzymes that can be used in biotechnological processes. Thermostable enzyme produced by thermophilic bacteria is used extensively in industrial processes. This study aims to isolate and characterize the amylolytic thermophilic bacteria and archaea from Kamojang Crater hot springs, Garut, Indonesia. Samples were grown in Thermus, Luria Bertani and hot spring medium at 70°C and pH 6, characterized morphologically, microscopically, biochemically etc. Two amylolytic thermophilic bacteria HSM6T1 and TM6T2SP1 were successfully identified, which have amylolytic index 1,07 dan 0,31 mm respectively. Molecular identification using 16S rDNA sequencing showed that the HSM6T1 has 99.93% similarity with Geobacillus sp. strain PCH167 and the TM6T2SP1 has 99.86% similarities with Geobacillus thermoleovorans strain CCB-US3-UF5.