bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Treatment of large renal allograft arterial pseudoaneurysm with in situ cold perfusion, ex vivo vascular reconstruction and reimplantation
Authors: Xia Brent Taiting , Reznichenko Aleksandr Aleksandrovich , Cuffy Madison Colyn , Woodle Ervin Steve
Published: January 2019

Background: Pseudoaneurysm after renal transplantation is a rare but serious complication. Case Presentation: We report a case of a 76-year-old man who presented six weeks after kidney transplant with a large pseudoaneurysm arising from the renal artery anastomosis, causing renal vein compression and renal allograft dysfunction. Prior to the removal of the transplanted kidney, an in situ cold perfusion of the allograft was performed. The pseudoaneurysm was repaired ex vivo and the renal artery was reconstructed. External iliac vein was reconstructed with deceased donor interposition allograft, and the kidney was then re-implanted. The patient recovered with immediate allograft function. Conclusions: Successful surgical management of a large renal allograft arterial pseudoaneurysm involves avoidance of dissection of the pseudoaneurysm, utilization of in situ cold perfusion and en-bloc removal of the kidney together with pseudoaneurysm, and pseudoaneurysm incision and vascular bypass reconstruction ex vivo
Adult onset still’s disease and pigment cast nephropathytriggered by Chikungunya virus
Authors: Navarro Erika-Paola , Posso-Osorio Iván , Naranjo-Escobar Juan , Moncada Pablo-Andrés , Jimenez Carlos A. , Tobón Gabriel J.
Published: January 2019

Implication for health policy/practice/research/medical education: Despite Chikungunya virus was considered a benign illness, it is very important to recall thatsevere atypical manifestations can occur generating high morbidity rates. Early detection ofthese complications may help clinicians to improve clinical outcomes.
The therapeutic effect of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to prevent the progress of chronic allograft nephropathy
Authors: Gholami Farhad , Ghasemi Ali , Bahrami Ahmad Reza , Bidkhouri Hamid Reza , Naderi Mishkin Hojat , Pezeshki Rad Masoud , Sharifipour Farzaneh
Published: January 2019

Progenitor cells or mesenchymal stem cells are new cells, with renovation and regeneration ability and tissues repair. In recent years, administration of stem cells has been introduced to treat a variety of diseases including chronic allograft injury (CAI). It seems that stem cells can create a turning point in regenerative medicine through repair, replacement with damaged tissues or with their paracrine effects.
An investigation of the efficacy on hepatitis B vaccination in hemodialysis patients in Ardabil, Iran
Authors: Mohammadi Kebar Susan , Hoseininia Saeed , Mohammadi Kebar Yousef , Broumand Mohammad
Published: January 2019

Introduction: Hemodialysis patients usually demonstrate lower immune response to hepatitis B vaccine compared to non-uremic population. Objectives: The present study aimed to determine the level of response to hepatitis B vaccination in patients under hemodialysis. Patients and Methods: This study was conducted on 172 live patients receiving hemodialysis in the dialysis department of Buali hospital in Ardabil, Iran (2015). To analyze their response to the vaccine, their vaccination titers were investigated. Before vaccination, the serological markers of hepatitis B and C were checked in all of the patients. Those for whom HBsAg and HBsAb results were negative and had not received the vaccinein the past entered the study. The patients received a double dose of hepatitis B vaccine at 0, 1, and 6 months after the beginning of dialysis. The response to the vaccine was investigated by measuring the level of patients’ hepatitis B antibody one month after receiving the last dose of the vaccine. Results: Seventy patients (40% of the total) displayed a proper immune response to the vaccine, 34 patients (19.8%) were without, and 68 patients (39.5%) were identified to have poor response. The results of Pearson’s correlation test indicated that there is a negative correlation between the patients’ age and their response to the vaccine. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that higher age is one of the factors that reduce the effectiveness of hepatitis B vaccine in hemodialysis patients.
Comparision of hemodynamic changes, movement, duration of surgery and pain between lateral and supine posision after spinal anesthesia in transurethral lithotrips
Authors: Alibeigi Faramarz , Hosseini Mona , Shabanian Mohammadreza , Shabanian Alireza , Shabanian Gholamreza
Published: January 2019

Introduction: Patient position during surgery is an important issue that can affect vital indices. Objectives: This study was conducted to compare hemodynamic changes, movements, surgery length, and pain during transurethral lithotripsy (TUL) in supine and lateral positions. Patients and Methods: This double-blind clinical trial was conducted on 76 patients who were candidate for TUL, randomized to two groups of 38 for each. In the lateral group, after inducing spinal anesthesia, the patients were positioned lateral and in supine group, the patients were positioned supine immediately after injecting anesthetic. Vital signs were recorded at six intervals; 5 minutes before anesthesia and 1, 5, 10, 15, and 20 minutes after anesthesia. In addition, movements and pain during surgery were assessed. Data analysis was conducted by descriptive statistics, independent t test, and repeated measures ANOVA in SPSS 22. Results: There were significant differences in changes in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and mean arterial pressure at different intervals between the two groups in such a way that hemodynamic stability was greater in the lateral group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in changes in heart rate at all studied intervals between the two groups (P>0.05). Surgery length, movement and pain during surgery were not significantly different between the two groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Hemodynamic changes especially blood pressure were less remarkable in patients undergoing spinal anesthesia in TUL at lateral position than those in supine position. Additionally, no significant differences in patients’ movement and surgery, and surgery length between the two positions was detected.
Determination of prevalence, symptoms, signs, complications and mortality rate in patients with encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis in Iran
Authors: Tavakoli Farnaz , Yaghoubi Fatemeh , Babakhani Davood , Tavakoli Farnoosh
Published: January 2019

Introduction: Patients suffering from chronic peritoneal dialysis (PD) encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS) are more likely to have a small bowel obstruction, sepsis, and death. Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate how the EPS is prevalent in Iranian patients suffering from continuous chronic PD. It was also tried to detect risk factors, clinical symptoms, signs, complications and mortality rate. Patients and Methods: The study population consisted of all incident patients undergoing PD for more than 6 months from 1994 until 2015. The criterion to detect EPS was either positive radiological or surgical results in terms of the clinical short bowel obstruction (SBO) or a thickened peritoneum in the absence of an alternative etiology. Control groups were non-EPS patients that were twice the EPS patients. These patients were being followed up for at least 6 months after the end of PD. Results: This study showed that in people with EPS, 58.3% were women. The mean age was 47 years. The duration of treatment with PD in these patients was 58 months. Mortality rate in patients with EPS was 61.1 percent. Conclusion: It is advisable that individuals should be treated with chronic PD for a maximum period of three to 4 years.
Correlation between quality of life and adherence to treatment in hemodialysis patients
Authors: Naderifar Mahin , Zagheri Tafreshi Mansoureh , Ilkhani Mahnaz , Akbarizadeh Magid Reza , Ghaljaei Fereshteh
Published: January 2019

Introduction: Institutionalizing adherence to treatment in hemodialysis patients is one of the important nursing goals for improving quality of life in these patients. Adherence to treatment approach in these patients can play a pivotal role in improving the health level and feeling of well-being. Objectives: This study aimed at determining the quality of life in hemodialysis patients presenting to hemodialysis centers affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, on the basis of adherence to treatment. Patients and Methods: This is a correlational descriptive-analytic study. The study population consisted of hemodialysis patients in five hospitals affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, in 2017. The data were collected during 8 months from October 2016 to May 2017 in Tehran. A sample volume of 200 patients was determined in this study. Demographic information questionnaire, KDQOL-SF, and ESRD-AQ were applied in data collection. Availability sampling method was used to select the samples on the basis of inclusion criteria. The data were analyzed with SPSS version 18 using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Our findings showed that 50% of the patients were male. Most of the respondents of the study (23%) were 51-60 years old. The results indicated that the mean score of quality of life of patients was 50.42±22.81. The mean total score of adherence to treatment was 901.13±85.30. Also, the correlation coefficient in this study revealed a significant correlation between total score of quality of life and adherence to treatment (r=0.218, P<0.01). Conclusion: Considering the significant correlation between adherence to treatment and life quality of patients, healthcare providers can promote the life quality of these patients via focusing on planning programs for emphasizing the role of education and interventions that improve adherence to treatment in these patients.
Effects of the hydrophilic extract of Juniperus excelsa on renal function in male Wistar rats
Authors: Mehrabi Sadrollah
Published: January 2019

Introduction: Ores plant (Juniperus excelsa) has been used for a long-time in the treatment of kidney disease. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of J. excelsa extract on renal function in male Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: In this study, 32 male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into four groups of eight rats. Distilled water was used for the healthy control group and the other three groups received doses of 10%, 25% and 50% of the extract for one month. Prior to the intervention and on the 15th and 30th days after intervention, 24-hour urine was collected for measurement of protein, creatinine, and urine volume. On the 30th day, the rats were anesthetized with ether and in addition to the urinary samples, serum samples were taken directly from their heart to check for creatinine, urea, sodium, and potassium. Additionally, both kidneys were removed and examined for histological changes. Results: There was a significant difference between the groups before and after intervention regarding creatinine clearance (P=0.008). The mean serum urea on the 15th and 30th days of study was respectively 93±37.33 and 86.47±71.07 mg/dL (P=0.001). In pathology examination, minimal infiltration of inflammatory cells in the interstitium and mild decrease in thickness of renal tubules was observed in 50% dose of the extract. Conclusion: This study showed that the greatest impact of J. excelsa on the renal function of the male Wistar rats was in doses of 50% of the extracts.
Study of antimicrobial effect of some plants of Lamiaceae family on Escherichia coli species isolated from children with urinary tract infection
Authors: Momtaz Hossein Emad , Moradkhan Shirin , Alikhani Mohammad Yousef , Esnaashari Farzaneh , Afkhami Mojdeh
Published: January 2019

Introduction: Urinary tract infection (UTI) has a high prevalence in children. It is an important cause of renal scar, chronic renal disease, failure to thrive and hypertension. The unnecessary consumption of antibiotics results in the bacterial resistance to most common drugs. In addition, possible drug allergic reaction and side effects should be considered. Therefore, finding new antimicrobial compounds is necessary. Objectives: In this study, the antimicrobial effect of some plants of Lamiaceae family on Escherichia coli in comparison with common antibiotics used in UTI was investigated. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, the hydroalcoholic extract of 13 plant species from Lamiaceae family were prepared and their antimicrobial effects were assessed by the agar well diffusion method. In addition, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were investigated using the serial dilution method. The zone of inhibition (ZOI) of the growth of E. coli was compared between the studied extracts and five most common antibiotics in the treatment of UTI. Results: The mean diameter of ZOI was significantly higher for amikacin than the studied extracts and other antibiotics. Among the herbal extracts, the highest ZOI was observed for Nepeta crispa. In addition, the MIC and MBC of N. crispa were significantly lower than other extracts. Conclusion: According to the side effects and relatively high cost of chemical and synthetic drugs, use of herbal extracts, such as N. crispa may be recommended as an alternative treatment of UTI with E. coli. The results of present study are promising to introduce new candidates in the treatment of UTI.
Therapeutic efficacy of erythropoietin alfa and erythropoietin beta in hemodialysis; a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Omrani Hamid-Reza , Golmohhamadi Sima , Hashemian Amir-Hossein , Vaysmoradi Ali-Zaman , Safari-Faramani Roya
Published: January 2019

Introduction: Anemia, as a common complication of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), usually develops due to erythropoietin deficiency. Recombinant human erythropoietins (rHEPOs) are indicated for the correction of renal anemia. Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a new brand of erythropoietin named CinnaPoietin (erythropoietin beta) on hemoglobin levels. Patients and Methods: This is a randomized double-blinded controlled trial. Ninety-six ESRD patients on hemodialysis recruited in the study, whose hemoglobin levels was less than 10 g/dL. They allocated to two groups. PDPoetin (erythropoietin alfa) 50-100 U/kg three times per week intravenously administrated to the control group and CinnaPoietin with exactly same regimen as like PDPoetin group administrated for the rest of the participants. The study duration was 3 months. We measured plasma hemoglobin monthly for 3 months. Results: We found, hemoglobin was increased across the time and it was statistically significant (P<0.001), while there was no statistically significant differences between the groups (P=0.712). Conclusion: According to the result of the present study there is no statistical significant difference between these two brands of exogenous rHEPO in the case of increasing the hemoglobin concentration.
Evaluation of vascular access before kidney transplantation in patients with successful kidney transplantation
Authors: Mohammad Rahimi Mohsen , Alizadeh Mansour , Naghdi-seded Nima , Valizadeh Rohollah , Jamei Amir , Jafarzadeh-Kohneloo Aarefeh , Dorosti Shokoofeh , Farshid Saman
Published: January 2019

Introduction: The status of embedded fistula before kidney transplant is one of the problems in patients after kidney transplant and without correct management, surely it can lead to severe complications. The vascular access of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) and its possible complications can be found using the registered data in patients who had undergone successful kidney transplant. This information may be useful to prevent possible complications in future. Objectives: This study was aimed to determine the status of vascular access before kidney transplant in patients with successful transplantation in Urmia city, Iran. Patients and Methods: This study was a historical cohort conducted on 201 patients from March 2009 to March 2012 who had undergone vascular access before kidney transplant. The related information about complications and functions of fistula were extracted from available records. Results: According to results, the patients were divided into four groups regarding fistula function including 104 patients (51.7%) with functional fistula after kidney transplant, 49 patients (24.4%) with spontaneously closed fistula, 37 patients (18.4%) with closed fistula through surgery and 11 patients (5.5%) with reduced blood flow of fistula. Conclusion: Despite the low incidence of heart failure in functional vascular access after successful renal transplantation, these patients should be followed up by cardiologists to avoid complications. Generally, closing vascular accesses after successful transplantation is not necessary.
Metformin and its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects; new concepts
Authors: Dehkordi Ali Hasanpour , Abbaszadeh Abolfazl , Mir Samareh , Hasanvand Amin
Published: January 2019

Metformin is one of the oldest and commonly used blood sugar lowering drugs, having limited side effects and used as the first line treatment in patients suffering from diabetes mellitus. Moreover, various studies have emphasized on the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant role of metformin, with multiple mechanisms, which activation of AMPK by metformin has had a key role in many of them. During the searches on the internet websites of PubMed, Elsevier, Google Scholar, and Science Direct, 76 papers related to the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant role of metformin were selected and reviewed since 2003 to 2017. At the cellular level, metformin suppresses the inflammation in many cases and reduces or eliminates inflammatory factors mainly through dependent mechanisms and sometimes independent of AMPK at the cellular level and through other ways at the systematic levels. It is also effective in reducing the level of oxidative stress factors by regulating the antioxidant system of the cell. All evidence suggests the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory role of metformin in various conditions. Metformin can be an appropriate treatment option for many diseases, which inflammatory processes and oxidative stress play a role in their pathogenesis.
A case of crescentic glomerulonephritis associated with relapsing polychondritis
Authors: Bashardoust Bahman , Sabzevari Ahmad , Asgari Mojgan
Published: January 2019

Relapsing polychondritis (RP) is a rare autoimmune disease, characterized by recurrent inflammatory episodes affecting various carttilageus structures. Renal involvement in RP is unusual. Our case was a 42-year old woman presented with nephretic syndrome. Diagnosis of RP was made because of recurrent chondritis of both auricles, chondritis of costovertebral joints, non-erosive inflammatory arthritis of knees, and inflammation of ocular structures. Renal biopsy findings revealed diffuse crescentic and sclerotic glomerulonephritis, pauciimmune type. The diagnosis of RP may be missed when the destructive cartilage feature is not apparent or rare presentation of disease such as ocular or renal involvement preceded other manifestations. In this case we found that the irregular prednisolone use may prevent destructive cartilage damage but not renal failure of patient. We concluded that the association of crescentic glomerulonephritis in a patient with RP was assumed to be a rare manifestation of this disease.
Pseudo-ring tests resolution for dynamic single faults in word-oriented memory
Authors: Gritcov S. S. , Sorokin G. F. , Shestacova T. V.
Published: January 2019

This paper presents single dynamic faults and methods for their detection. Such dynamic faults as dRDF, dDRDF and dIRF are considered in detail. Also, pseudo-ring testing and the principles of single dynamic faults detecting by pseudo-ring tests are considered. The paper presents the resolution determination results for pseudo-ring tests in relation to these faults in the word-oriented memory. Also, a comparative analysis of the pseudo-ring tests with known March tests is done. The results show that pseudo-ring tests with an algorithmic complexity of (30-60)N, where N is the number of all memory cells, can cover from 75 to 100% of all single dynamic faults. This advantage allows using pseudo-ring tests as an alternative to existing classical and March tests.
X-ray radiation during pulsed laser treatment of opal matrices
Authors: Belyanin А. F. , Borisov V. V. , Popov V. V.
Published: January 2019

The paper presents the structure and preparation conditions of opal matrices (ordered 3D-lattice packing of X-ray amorphous SiO2 spheres with a diameter of ≈250 nm), as well as experimental data on nonlinear optical effects in opal matrices with pulsed laser excitation at wavelengths: 1040 nm, 510 nm in conjunction with 578 nm, and 366 nm. The authors investigate the energy spectra of X-ray radiation induced in the samples by laser irradiation.
Study of the corrective ability of sync codes for the matched processing decoder
Authors: Sadchenko A. V. , Kushnirenko O. A. , Yurkevych A. G. , Sevastianov V. S.
Published: January 2019

Increase of the operation reliability of the frame synchronization schemes of communication systems affected by interferences might be achieved by using sync sequences optimal according to the minimax criterion and having the best ratio of the maximum side-lobe level to the main peak of the non-periodic autocorrelation function. Obviously, the longer the minimax sequence, the higher its correction ability. However, with the increase in the length of the sync code, a conflict arises between the corrective ability and the speed of data transfer. This is caused by the decrease in the duration of the information section of the frame. At the same time, as the length of the code increases, the complexity of the technical implementation of the decoder synchronization scheme increases as well.
This means that when developing an information transmission system, it is necessary to find a compromise between the complexity of the technical implementation of the decoder and the required noise immunity. To solve this problem, it is necessary to study the correcting ability of binary sync codes.
The purpose of this work was to study the correcting ability of binary sequences with good non-periodic auto-correlation properties using a reception scheme with matched processing.
This article discusses the possibility of using Barker sequences of lengths 7, 11, and 13 and M-sequences as corrective sync codes.
The authors carry out an analysis of the correcting ability of the decoder model with matched processing for Barker codes of different lengths under the conditions of a one, two, and threefold error. Analytical expressions have been obtained to determine the decoding error probability of a binary minimax code depending on the length of the sync code.
The dependence of the corrective ability of the code and the maximum level of the side lobe on the length of the sync code in the range from 4 to 128 with the best nonperiodic autocorrelation functions (NPAF) is obtained.
It has been established that there are length ranges for minimax sequences within which their correction ability remains constant, that is, a sync code of shorter length has the same correction ability as a longer code.
Thus, the research results allow us to optimize the complexity of the technical implementation of a sync signal decoder depending on the requirements for general noise immunity and information transfer rate in a communication system. The proposed approach can be successfully used to modify the existing synchronization schemes of communication systems with code division of channels.
The influence of detector's parameters on the efficiency of radio signals with complex phase modulation receiving
Authors: Maksymiv I. , Altunin S. , Bondariev A. , Horbatyi I.
Published: January 2019

The paper presents the results of simulation of a detector, implemented on the basis of a phase locked loop device (PLL), the mathematical modeling of signals with 8-QAM modulation, and investigates the influence of PLL parameters on the receiving quality of these signals with the interference in the communication channel. As a result of the study, the optimal parameters were found to provide the maximum noise-immunity for the communication system, which uses complex types of signals phase modulation.
Two methods of signal detector composition were considered and compared in terms of noise-immunity. The first one is classic detector based on PLL synchronization and the second one — modified detector with specific additional filters. Modified detector was chosen for maintaining the further experiments due to its potential higher noise-immunity.
The second part of the work was dedicated to the research of detection efficiency of modified detector using complex phase modulated signal 8-QAM. The simulation of this signal and the model adequacy check were carried out using Matlab software. The next step was the research of influence of filter parameters on the modified detector's noise-immunity during the 8-QAM signal detection.
The results of simulation show the optimum parameters at which the maximum noise-immunity of phase detector was achieved. These parameters may be useful for further researches or for the process of phase detector design.
CFD-simulation of impact jet radiator for thermal testing of microprocessors
Authors: Trofimov V. E. , Pavlov A. L. , Storozhuk A. S.
Published: January 2019

One of the final stages of microprocessor development is thermal testing. This procedure is performed on a special stand, the main element of which is a switching PCB with mounted microprocessor sockets, chipsets, interfaces, jumpers and other components which provide various modes of microprocessor operation.
Changing the case temperature of the microprocessor is carried out typically using a thermoelectric module. The cold surface of the module with controlled temperature is in direct thermal contact with the microprocessor housing designed for cooler installation. On the hot surface of the module, the radiator is mounted which dissipates the total heat flux from the microprocessor and the module.
High density PCB layout, the requirement of free access to the jumpers and interfaces, and the presence of numerous sensors restrict the space for radiator mounting and require the use of an extremely compact radiator, especially in air cooling conditions. One of possible solutions for this problem may be to reduce the area of the heat-transfer surfaces of the radiator due to a sharp growth of the heat transfer coefficient without increasing the air flow rate. A sharp growth of heat transfer coefficient of the radiator can be achieved by making several conic or combined conic-cylindrical dead-end cavities with extra finning in the heat-transfer surface. Such cavities should absorb the impact air jets.
In this study, CFD simulation of such radiators has been conducted. It is determined that when the air velocity at the nozzle entrances is 50—100 m/s, the investigated designs of impact-jet radiators have a thermal resistance in the range of 0.5—2.2°Ñ/W. This is quite sufficient for the thermal testing of some types of microprocessors with setting a number of operational modes and performing of certain types of test computations. It is shown that the use of combined dead-end cavities with extra finning is the best of the considered solutions and allows for a sharp (up to 44%) intensification of heat transfer in the radiator in comparison with cylindrical dead-end cavities, but at a cost — the loss of air pressure increases up to 20%.
As a result of the study, it was found that the impact-jet radiator with dead-end tapering cone shaped cavities and combined cone-cylinder shaped cavities with extra finning, can successfully solve the problem of heat removal from microprocessors during thermal testing. However, it should be noted, that such radiators have a high aerodynamic resistance and require a high pressure air source for operation.
Study on Cu2ZnSnSe4 crystals and heterojunctions on their basis
Authors: Kovaliuk T. T. , Maistruk E. V. , Solovan M. N. , Koziarskyi I. P. , Maryanchuk P. D.
Published: January 2019

The most promising materials for the solar radiation converters are such compounds as CdTe and Cu(In, Ga)Se2, CuIn(S, Se)2, CuGa(S, Se)2 solid solutions. However, the uneconomic nature of Cd, Te and the limited supply of In and Ga, as well as their high cost, force researchers to replace In and Ga with the more common elements of II and IV groups, namely Zn and Sn. Apart from that, researchers are now testing such new semiconductor compounds as Cu2ZnSnS4, Cu2ZnSnSe4, and solid solutions on their basis. These compounds have a band gap width (Eg ≈ 1.5 eV) close to optimal for the conversion of solar energy, a high light absorption coefficient (≈ 105cm–1), a long lifetime and a high mobility of charge carriers.
Moreover, the interest in such semiconductor heterojunctions as TiO2/Cu2ZnSnS4, which have several advantages over homo-transitions, is steadily growing at present.
The paper presents results studies of kinetic properties of Cu2ZnSnSe4 crystals. We fabricated n-TiO2/p-Cu2ZnSnSe4 anisotype heterojunctions, determined their main electrical parameters and built their energy diagram. The Cu2ZnSnSe4 crystals have p-type conductivity and the Hall coefficient practically independent of temperature. The temperature dependence of the electrical conductivity σ for Cu2ZnSnSe4 crystalsis metallic in character, i. e. σ decreases with increasing temperature, which is caused by a decrease in the mobility of the charge carriers with the growth of T. Thermoelectric power for the samples is positive, which also indicates the prevalence of p-type conductivity.
In this study, the n-TiO2/p-Cu2ZnSnSe4 heterojunctions were produced by reactive magnetron sputtering of a thin TiO2 film on the Cu2ZnSnSe4 substrate. The energy diagram of the investigated n-TiO2/p-Cu2ZnSnSe4 anisotype heterojunctions was constructed in accordance with the Anderson model, without taking into account the surface electrical states and the dielectric layer, based on the values of the energy parameters of semiconductors determined experimentally and taken from literary sources. The authors have also investigated electrical properties of the heterojunctions: the value of the potential barrier was determined, the value of the series resistance and shunt resistance (respectively, Rs = 8 W and Rsh = 5.8 kW) at room temperature. The dominant mechanisms of current transfer were established: tunneling-recombination mechanism in the voltage range from 0 to 0.3 V, and over-barrier emission and tunneling with inverse displacement in the voltage range from 0.3 to 0.45 V.
Investigation of band gap width in mixed ZnSxSe1–x crystals
Authors: Trubaieva O. G. , Chaika M. A.
Published: January 2019

Scintillators based on ZnSxSe1–x are promising materials for X-ray and γ-ray detection. For optoelectronic devices, it is better to use semiconductor compounds with a direct-zone energy structure with its spectral range lying in the fundamental absorption region. The band gap in such semiconductors is an important parameter that affects the energy resolution, ionization energy, dark current and other scintillation characteristics.
The effect of sulfur content on the optical width of the band gap in mixed crystals ZnSxSe1–x is investigated in this paper.
The test samples for this study were grown by Bridgman-Stockbarger in graphite crucibles with the diameter of 25 mm in the Ar atmosphere (PAr = 2∙106 Pa) at a temperature from 1870 to 2000 K, depending on the composition of the initial raw materials. Six samples with different content of components were obtained: ZnS0.07Se0.93, ZnS0.15Se0.85, ZnS0.22Se0.78, ZnS0.28Se0.72, ZnS0.32Se0.68, ZnS0.39Se0.61.
The transmittance of the samples in the range from 61 to 67% at 1100 nm (sample thickness 4 mm) indicates a high optical quality of the crystals.
It was established that the optical width of the band gap for mixed crystals ZnSxSe1–x increases from 2.59 to 2.78 eV with increasing sulfur content from 0.07 to 0.39 for direct transitions and from 2.49 to 2.70 eV for indirect transitions. A comparison was made between theoretical and experimentally obtained values of the band gap width.
It is shown that no new (defective) levels appear in the band gap. The smooth dependence of the optical band gap on the composition indicate a possibility of growing ZnSxSe1–x mixed crystals by directional solidification techniques for X-ray and γ-ray detectors. The wider band gap and higer atomic mass ratio of ZnSxSe1–x crystals, as compared to ZnSe(Te) or/and ZnSe(Al) crystals, extend application areas of such semiconductor material
Influence of temperature on optical proper¬ties of thin films Cu2ZnSnSe4
Authors: Maistruk E. V. , Koziarskyi I. P. , Koziarskyi D. P. , Maryanchuk P. D.
Published: January 2019

The use of solar cells in various fields of science and technology contributes to the development of materials science and scientific activity in this area. Recently, scientists have been researching the optical and electrical properties of materials such as casterite. Casterite is a natural mineral which consists mainly of copper, zinc, tin, sulfur and selenium, that is, elements that are fairly widespread in nature. Therefore, solar cells, developed on the basis of casterite, will have, according to the researchers, a low cost. In addition, casterites belong to direct-gap semiconductors with a band gap of 0.9—1.5 eV and with a large optical absorption coefficient (≈ 104 cm–1).
In this work, the authors investigate the effect of temperature on the optical properties of Cu2ZnSnSe4 thin films of casterite obtained by the method of RF magnetron sputtering of previously synthesized material on glass substrates.
Optical coefficients were determined by a method based on independent measurement of reflection and transmission coefficients. The reflection coefficient was studied at room temperature, and the transmittance — in the temperature range of 111—290 K. The measurements were made in the wavelength range from 0.9 to 26 µm. The obtained data were used to calculate the absorption coefficient and the band gap of the samples at different temperatures from the range under study. Studies have shown that direct interband optical transitions are observed in Cu2ZnSnSe4 films. The optical band gap at room temperature was 0.92 eV at a temperature coefficient of –1,29∙10–4 eV/K, that is, the optical band gap decreases with temperature, which is typical of classical semiconductors.
Prácticas genocidas e intimidación de los paramilitares al movimiento intelectual en la Universidad de Córdoba-Colombia
Authors: Taborda Caro María Alejandra
Published: January 2019

La Universidad de Córdoba en Colombia ha sido declarada objeto de reparación colectiva, un caso único sui géneris en el mundo. El plan contempla 48 medidas, entre ellas dotar al alma máter de un nuevo estatuto universitario, para remplazar al implementado por las Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia AUC entre los 90 y comienzos del 2000, por lo que se denominó “la toma a sangre y fuego”, en la que fueron asesinados dieciséis integrantes de esta institución y otro grupo, de al menos seis profesores, tuvo que exiliarse. En el departamento de Córdoba se han mezclado dos fenómenos de signo opuesto que facilitaron las prácticas genocidas. Por un lado, el clientelismo político que atrapa un electorado en extrema pobreza cautivo a un cacique que concentra un poder territorial, por otro lado, un grupo que actúa bajo una triada: terratenientes-ganadería y narcotráfico. Es así que se consolida una de las más impactantes concentraciones de tierra en la historia contemporánea del país. Al finalizar la década pasada, los periódicos titulaban que ser educador en Córdoba es “la profesión más peligrosa”. Este documento hace parte de una investigación más amplia que da cuenta de las estrategias de los grupos paramilitares para tomarse las universidades del estado, como una maniobra de guerra, recurriendo al control académico, de los sindicatos y del movimiento estudiantil. Metodológicamente, se procede a través de un análisis de documentos prescriptivos, testimoniales, periodísticos (investigaciones, reportajes, columnas de opinión, etc.), y académicos (artículos de investigación, libros, informes de estudios de pregrado y posgrado) entrevistas a profundidad.
Ar įmanoma diagnozuoti viršutinės krūtinės ląstos atvaros sindromą?
Authors: Bičkuvienė Ilona , Meškauskienė Auksė
Published: January 2019

Ilona Bičkuvienė, Auksė MeškauskienėVilniaus universiteto Neurologijos ir neurochirurgijos klinika, Vilniaus greitosios pagalbosuniversitetinės ligoninės Neuroangiochirurgijos centras, Šiltnamių g. 29, LT-04130 Vilnius
Viršutinės krtūtinės ląstoa atvaros sindromas (angl. thoracic outlet syndrome, TOS) – viena iš labiausiai ginčytinų klinikinių problemų medicinoje. Nėra patikimų diagnostinių testų, menki pagalbininkai įvairūs tyrimai nustatant TOS diagnozę. Yra gydytojų, neigiančių šio sindromo egzistavimą. Straipsnyje aptariamos sindromo diagnozavimo galimybės ir gydymo būdai. Tirtos dvi ligonių grupės – 16 pacientų, kuriems buvo neurogeninis TOS, ir 54 ligoniai, kuriems, be TOS klinikos, dar pasireiškė praeinančio vertebrobazilinio baseino kraujotakos sutrikimo priepuoliai ir išeminis insultas. Visi ligoniai operuoti. Atlikta skalenektomija, pirmo ir kaklo šonkaulių rezekcija. Pirmos grupės daugumai ligonių simptomai išnyko arba labai sumažėjo, antros grupės nė vienas ligonis nesijautė visiškai sveikas, dviem diagnozuotas pooperacinis išeminis insultas vertebrobaziliniame baseine. Praėjus dvejiems metams po pirmojo šonkaulio rezekcijos, o po skalenektomijos – vos keliems mėnesiams, simptomai atsinaujino (atitinkamai 16% ir 17%). Taigi, būtina kruopšti anamnezė ir nuoseklus klinikinis ligonio ištyrimas, kad būtų galima diagnozuoti TOS.
Pagrindiniai žodžiai: TOS, klinikinis ligonio tyrimas, gydymas
Diagnostics of thoracic outlet syndrome: Is it possible?
Ilona Bičkuvienė, Auksė MeškauskienėVilnius University, Clinic of Neurology and Neurosurgery,Vilnius University Emergency Hospital, Šiltnamių 29, LT-04130 Vilnius, Lithuania
TOS is the most controversial clinical problem in medicine. The diagnosis of TOS has always been difficult. There are no infallible diagnostic tests and methods. Some physicians deny its existence. The diagnostic and treatement possibilities are discussed. Two patient groups were evaluated – 16 patients with neurogenic TOS and 54 cases of TOS with vertebrobasilar transitorial ischaemic attacks and strokes. All patients were operated on. Scalenectomy, first and cervical rib resection were performed. In the majority of cases, after surgical treatment symptoms disappeared or significantly decreased in the first patient group. No one was healthy in the second group, and postoperative vertebrobasilar stroke was diagnosed for two patients. The recurrent TOS was diagnosed after two years after the first rib resection and only several months after scalenectomy (16% and 17% respectively). TOS needs to be diagnosed and treated, even if the correct diagnosis still depends on a careful clinical evaluation and physical examination of each patient.
Key words: TOS, clinical examination, treatment
Storosios žarnos polipo pašalinimas atliekant laparoskopu asistuojamą polipektomiją – klinikinio atvejo pristatymas
Authors: Mečkovski Artūras , Samalavičius Narimantas Evaldas , Grigas Vaidotas
Published: January 2019

Artūras Mečkovski, Narimantas Evaldas Samalavičius, Vaidotas GrigasVilniaus universiteto ligoninės Santariškių klinikos II Pilvo chirurgijos skyrius,Santariškių g. 2, LT-08406 VilniusVilniaus universiteto Onkologijos institutas, Chirurgijos klinika, Santariškių g. 1, LT-08660 VilniusVilniaus universiteto Medicinos fakulteto Vidaus ligų, šeimos medicinos ir onkologijos klinika,Santariškių g. 2, LT-08661 VilniusEl paštas: artur.meckovski@gmail.com
Gerybiniai storosios žarnos polipai yra viena iš dažnesnių storojo žarnyno patologijų. Dauguma jų pašalinami endoskopiškai. Tačiau esant dideliems ir nepatogios lokalizacijos polipams reikia kitos metodikos. Viena iš tokių metodikų – laparoskopu asistuojama polipektomija. Operuotas vienas pacientas dėl nusileidžiančiojoje gaubtinės žarnos (colon descendens) dalyje esančio 6 cm polipo. Pooperacinis laikotarpis sklandus, komplikacijų nebuvo. Išvada – laparoskopu asistuojama polipektomija saugus ir patikimas operacijos būdas, kai polipo negalima pašalinti endoskopiškai.
Reikšminiai žodžiai: laparoskopu asistuojama polipektomija, storosios žarnos polipas
Laparoscopy assisted colonic polipectomy – case report
Artūras Mečkovski, Narimantas Evaldas Samalavičius, Vaidotas GrigasDepartment of Abdominal Surgery-2, Santariškių str. 2, LT-08406 Vilnius, LithuaniaClinic of Surgery, Oncology Institute of Vilnius University, Santariškių str. 1,LT-08660 Vilnius, LithuaniaVilnius University, Faculty of Medicine, Clinic of Internal, Family Medicine and Oncology,Santariškių str. 2,LT-08661 Vilnius, LithuaniaE-mail: artur.meckovski@gmail.com
The most common colonic pathology is the binning polyps. Most of them are treated by endoscopic polipectomy. In some cases when polyp is to large or awkwardly located need to choice another method of treatment. One of them – laparoscopy assisted colonic polipectomy.One patient underwent operation for large, 6 cm polyp of descending colon. Postoperative period was successful, without any complications. Conclusion. Laparoscopy assisted polipectomy was secure method of treatment.
Key words: polipectomy, laparoscopic assisted, colonic polipe
Chirurginio gydymo įtaka sergančiųjų imuninei sistemai ir pacientų lytis
Authors: Kazbarienė Birutė
Published: January 2019

Vilniaus universiteto Onkologijos institutas, Santariškių g. 1, LT-08660 Vilnius
El. paštas: Birute.Kazbariene@vuoi.lt
Straipsnyje apžvelgti tyrimai, susiję su chirurginio gydymo poveikiu vėžiu sergančių ligonių imuninei sistemai. Operacija sutrikdo imuninės sistemos funkcijas ir gali skatinti ligos progresavimą. Nustatyta skirtinga imuninės sistemos reakcija į traumą ar kitokius pažeidimus priklausomai nuo lyties (vyrams imunosupresija yra stipresnė nei moterims). Svarbu išsiaiškinti, ar po chirurginės intervencijos nevienodos vyrų ir moterų imuninės sistemos funkcijos gali turėti įtakos piktybinės ligos eigai. Tyrimai rodo, kad atsakas gali būti susijęs su lytiniais hormonais. Kol kas yra mažai informacijos apie sergančių vėžiu ligonių imuninės sistemos veiklos pokyčius pooperaciniu laikotarpiu priklausomai nuo lyties, o sutrikdytų šios sistemos funkcijų korekcija po operacijos gali padėti numatyti veiksmingesnes gydymo strategijas atsižvelgiant į ligonio lytį.
Reikšminiai žodžiai: operacija, imunitetas, vėžys, lytis.
The influence of surgical treatment on cancer patients immune system and according to gender
Birutė Kazbarienė
Institute of Oncology, Vilnius University, Santariškių Str. 1, LT-08660 Vilnius, Lithuania
E-mail: Birute.Kazbariene@vuoi.lt
This article focuses on the effect of surgical stress on cancer patients immune system. Surgery induces dysfunction of the immune system and may promote remnant cancer cell growth and metastasis. Difference of the immune system functions between females and males is seen in the response to injury (immunosuppression is more expressed in men than in women). It is important to determine whether or not different immune response in men and women may influence cancer development after surgery. Researches suggest that response may be linked with various sex hormones. For the present time there isn’t enough information about immune system functions of cancer patients depending on their gender in perioperative period. Therefore future investigations are necessary because restore of immune system disturbance may provide the better opportunity to choose treatment strategy in dependence of the cancer patients gender.
Keywords: surgery, immunity, cancer, gender
Nevarikozinio kraujavimo iš viršutinės virškinimo trakto dalies gydymo rekomendacijos
Authors: Jonaitis Laimas , Adamonis Kęstutis , Valantinas Jonas , Stanaitis Juozas , Kupčinskas Limas
Published: January 2019

Laimas Jonaitis, Kęstutis Adamonis, Jonas Valantinas, Juozas Stanaitis, Limas Kupčinskas
Nevarikozinis kraujavimas iš viršutinės virškinimo trakto dalies yra dažna ir gyvybei grėsminga būklė, kurios diagnostikai ir gydymui reikia turėti žinių ir patirties. Šios patologijos diagnostika ir gydymas labai svarbus skubiosios pagalbos, intensyviosios terapijos skyrių gydytojų, endoskopuotojų, gastroenterologų ir chirurgų kasdieniame darbe. Straipsnyje pateikiamos Lietuvos gastroenterologų draugijos ekspertų posėdyje apsvarstytos tarptautiniu mastu priimtos rekomendacijos, stengiantis jas pritaikyti prie Lietuvos medicinos įstaigų situacijos.
Recommendations for managing patients with nonvariceal gastrointestinal bleeding
Laimas Jonaitis, Kęstutis Adamonis, Jonas Valantinas, Juozas Stanaitis, Limas Kupčinskas
Nevarikozinis kraujavimas iš viršutinės virškinimo trakto dalies yra dažna ir gyvybei grėsminga būklė, kurios diagnostikai ir gydymui reikia turėti žinių ir patirties. Šios patologijos diagnostika ir gydymas labai svarbus skubiosios pagalbos, intensyviosios terapijos skyrių gydytojų, endoskopuotojų, gastroenterologų ir chirurgų kasdieniame darbe. Straipsnyje pateikiamos Lietuvos gastroenterologų draugijos ekspertų posėdyje apsvarstytos tarptautiniu mastu priimtos rekomendacijos, stengiantis jas pritaikyti prie Lietuvos medicinos įstaigų situacijos.
Iš vokiškojo rasizmo formavimosi istorijos
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Published: January 2019

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Disertacija apie socialistinę ideologiją [J. Karosas. Ideologijos vieta ir vaidmuo socialistinės visuomenės vystymesi. Kand. disert. V., 1969]
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Authors: Solovjovas Vladimiras
Published: January 2019

Publikuojama rusų filosofo Vladimiro Solovjovo veikalo „Paskaitos apie dieviškąją žmoniją“ ištrauka, kurioje dėstomi filosofo plėtotos evoliucinės teologijos pagrindiniai principai. Aiškinamas tikslingas pasaulio vystymasis, kuris skirstomas į kosmogoninį ir teogoninį procesą. Teigiama, kad dieviškasis pradas yra amžina visuotinė vienybė, esanti absoliučios ramybės bei nekintamumo būsenoje, bet iš jos išsiveržusio baigtinio pasaulio daugeriopumo atžvilgiu dieviškasis pradas iškyla kaip veikiančioji vienybės jėga. Dieviškosios idėjos įsikūnijimą pasaulyje lemia dieviškojo prado susijungimas su pasaulio siela. Laipsniškas idealios visuotinės vienybės realizavimas yra pasaulinio proceso prasmė bei tikslas. Žmoguje gamta perauga save ir sąmonėje pereina į absoliučios būties sritį. Žmoguje pasaulio siela pirmą kartą susijungia su dieviškuoju Logu sąmonėje, kuri yra grynoji visuotinės vienybės forma. Kosmogoninis procesas baigiasi sąmoningos žmogiškosios būtybės atsiradimu, o teogoninio proceso rezultatas yra žmogaus sielos (sugebančios tiesiogiai savyje suvokti dieviškąjį pradą) savęs suvokimas.