bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dairy intake and cognitive function in older adults in three cohorts: a mendelian randomization study
Authors: Ortega Natalia , Mueller Nick J. , Dehghan Abbas , de Crom Tosca O. E. , von Gunten Armin , Preisig Martin , Marques-Vidal Pedro , Vinceti Marco , Voortman Trudy , Rodondi Nicolas , Chocano-Bedoya Patricia O.
Published: January 2025

Background

Meta-analyses of observational studies on the effect of dairy on cognitive function have yielded inconclusive results, potentially due to unmeasured confounding. To avoid the no-unmeasured confounding assumption, we used lactase persistence genetic variant as an instrumental variable, for which the CC genotype is associated with lower lactase production and, consequently, lower dairy consumption. We used it to assess the effect of long-term consumption of total and non-fermented dairy on cognitive function.

Methods

We included 43,836 individuals over 55 years old with genotyping, dietary data, and cognitive function measurements from three population-based studies: CoLaus|PsyCoLaus (Switzerland), the Rotterdam Study (the Netherlands) and the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA - Canada). We performed a one-sample Mendelian randomization using two-stage least-squares regression. First, we estimated total and non-fermented dairy consumption by T-allele frequency. Second, we used the estimated dairy consumption in linear regression models on general cognition, assessed by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Mental Alternation Test, executive function, verbal fluency, verbal learning, and memory.

Results

Per T-allele, total dairy intake and non-fermented was 24.8 and 15.3 g/day higher in PsyCoLaus, 57.9 and 49.8 g/day in the Rotterdam Study, and 0.31 and 0.29 times/day in CLSA, respectively. We found no association between the genetically predicted difference and the MMSE in PsyCoLaus and the Rotterdam Study. However, lactase persistent individuals scored 3.4 (95% CI 2.1− 4.7) and 3.5 (95% CI 2.3–4.7) points more in the Mental Alternation Test for total and fermented dairy, respectively, in CLSA. Similarly, lactase persistent participants in CLSA had higher verbal fluency, verbal learning and executive function, but no differences were found in the other cohorts. Such inconsistencies might stem from different FFQs across cohorts and consumption ranges. Nonetheless, the generally small magnitude of effect sizes may suggest that there is no real effect between total or non-fermented dairy intake and cognitive function.

Conclusion

The evidence for a causal effect of dairy consumption on general cognitive function is weak, consistent with previous results from classic analysis from observational studies. Interventions targeting dairy are unlikely to have a relevant effect on cognitive function.
Advances in bioinformatics and multi-omics integration: transforming viral infectious disease research in veterinary medicine
Authors: Elrashedy Alyaa , Mousa Walid , Nayel Mohamed , Salama Akram , Zaghawa Ahmed , Elsify Ahmed , Hasan Mohamed E.
Published: January 2025

The world is changing due to factors like bioterrorism, massive environmental changes, globalization of trade and commerce, growing urbanization, changing climate, and pollution. Numerous diseases have emerged because of these factors, especially in companion and food-producing animals. Numerous pathogens have established themselves in naïve populations, harming reproduction, productivity, and health. Bioinformatics is considered a valuable tool in infectious disease research, as it provides a comprehensive overview of the identification of pathogens, their genetic makeup, and their evolutionary relationship. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a novel bioinformatics approach to help decipher and model viral epidemiology and informatics on domestic animals and livestock. With significant advancements in bioinformatics and NGS, researchers can now identify contigs, which are contiguous sequences of DNA that are assembled from overlapping fragments, assemble a complete genome, perform phylogenetic analysis to diagnose, investigate the risk of viral diseases in animals, handle and share large biological datasets across various species. Additionally, multi-omics data integration further deepens our understanding of homology, divergence, mutations, and evolutionary relationships, providing a comprehensive perspective on the molecular mechanisms driving animal pathogens infections. This review aims to reveal the importance of utilizing the multidisciplinary areas of bioinformatics, genomics, proteomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, and metagenomics and their roles in studying viral infectious diseases in veterinary medicine that will eventually improve the health of animals.
Patient preferences for chiropractors’ attire: a cross-sectional study of UQTR university-based chiropractic clinic
Authors: Leduc Laurence , Théroux Jean , Marois Caroline , Lavigne Geneviève , Blanchette Marc-André
Published: January 2025

Background

A significant body of research has examined how the attire of physicians and nurses affects patients’ perceptions, preferences, and outcomes. However, limited research has focused on the clothing worn by other health professionals, such as chiropractors. The present study aims to explore patients’ preferences and perceptions of chiropractors’ attire.

Methods

Using a cross-sectional image-based procedure, new patients to a university clinic were questioned regarding their preferences for four different attires (casual, formal, scrub, and white coat) worn by both a male and a female chiropractor. Patients also reported their perceptions in terms of chiropractors’ knowledge, trustworthiness, competence, professionalism, and comfortable for each photograph.

Results

From August 10, 2022, to January 23, 2023, 75 new patients participated in the study. Results indicated a strong preference for scrubs for both male and female chiropractors. Chiropractors in scrubs were also seen as more knowledgeable, trustworthy, competent, and professional, and comfortable. This was closely followed by those wearing white coats and formal attire. Notably, the white coat worn by the female chiropractor received significantly more positive ratings than when worn by her male counterpart.

Conclusion

In conclusion, our findings suggest that chiropractors’ attire influences patients’ perceptions and should be considered in the development of dress codes for public and private clinics. Further research is essential to understand better how the gender and age of care providers affect patient evaluations.
The cholesterol metabolite 25-hydroxycholesterol suppresses porcine deltacoronavirus via lipophagy inhibition and mTORC1 modulation
Authors: Zhang Jia-lu , Wang Xue-fei , Li Jia-lin , Duan Cong , Wang Jiu-feng
Published: January 2025

25-Hydroxycholesterol (25HC) is a hydroxylated cholesterol with multiple antiviral activities, however, little is known about the mechanisms by which 25HC correlates antiviral ability with lipid droplet (LD) dynamic balance to ensure cholesterol homeostasis. In the present study, 25HC was applied to porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV)-infected LLC-PK1 (Lilly Laboratories Culture-Porcine Kidney 1) cells and piglets to explore its antiviral capacity and underlying mechanism. The results revealed that 25HC decreased free cholesterol (FC) levels but increased triglyceride (TG) levels in PDCoV-infected cells and piglets. The accumulation of LDs induced by oleic acid (OA) impedes PDCoV replication. In addition, 25HC administration increases LD accumulation and declines protein expression associated with lipophagy and lysosomes to facilitate LD accumulation. Moreover, 25HC inhibited TFEB (transcription factor-EB) expression, blocked its translocation into the nucleus and reversed Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 (mTORC1) activity, which in turn hindered lipophagy and PDCoV replication. Additionally, 25HC treatment ameliorated the clinical symptoms and intestinal injury of PDCoV-infected piglets. These findings reveal the beneficial effect of lipophagy on PDCoV infection and uncover the antiviral mechanism of 25HC, by which lipophagy and mTOR activity are tightly controlled by 25HC.

Graphical Abstract
Commercial bioinoculants improve colonization but do not alter the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal community of greenhouse-grown grapevine roots
Authors: Berdeja Mariam P. , Reynolds Nicole K. , Pawlowska Teresa , Heuvel Justine E. Vanden
Published: January 2025

Background

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are beneficial root symbionts contributing to improved plant growth and development and resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses. Commercial bioinoculants containing AMF are widely considered as an alternative to agrochemicals in vineyards. However, their effects on grapevine plants grown in soil containing native communities of AMF are still poorly understood. In a greenhouse experiment, we evaluated the influence of five different bioinoculants on the composition of native AMF communities of young Cabernet Sauvignon vines grown in a non-sterile soil. Root colonization, leaf nitrogen concentration, plant biomass and root morphology were assessed, and AMF communities of inoculated and non-inoculated grapevine roots were profiled using high-throughput sequencing.

Results

Contrary to our predictions, no differences in the microbiome of plants exposed to native AMF communities versus commercial AMF bioinoculants + native AMF communities were detected in roots. However, inoculation induced positive changes in root traits as well as increased AMF colonization, plant biomass, and leaf nitrogen. Most of these desirable functional traits were positively correlated with the relative abundance of operational taxonomic units identified as Glomus, Rhizophagus and Claroideoglomus genera.

Conclusion

These results suggest synergistic interactions between commercial AMF bioinoculants and native AMF communities of roots to promote grapevine growth. Long-term studies with further genomics, metabolomics and physiological research are needed to provide a deeper understanding of the symbiotic interaction among grapevine roots, bioinoculants and natural AMF communities and their role to promote plant adaptation to current environmental concerns.
Systematic review of Lean Construction: an approach to sustainability and efficiency in construction management
Authors: Garcés Gonzalo , Forcael Eric , Osorio Cristian , Castañeda Karen , Sánchez Omar
Published: January 2025

The construction sector is a fundamental pillar of the economy and should consequently lead in implementing effective management systems. Lean Construction (LC) philosophy sees production as a transformation, flow, and value process. Its objective is to establish efficient production systems that minimize delivery times. Previous studies indicate that integrating LC into construction project management processes can address issues such as cost overruns, labor expenses, and material waste. However, this emerging philosophy still lacks a complete understanding of its advantages, limitations, and synergies with sustainability. This paper presents a systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis of relevant topics to evaluate its potential. Through the analysis of 36 documents, publication trends and the state of the art on Lean Construction are identified. The research method proposed for the development of this study consisted of two stages. The first stage focused on studying the interactions between Lean Construction and construction project management through a systematic literature review. The second stage focused on the study of the main connections and latest trends in the field of Lean, based on a qualitative analysis. The results show that Lean construction focuses on optimizing and sustaining construction projects by taking advantage of the potential benefits of BIM through methodical and intelligent management. The emergence of new tools offers a promising perspective for the future of Lean construction in project management.
Identification and genetic analysis of the recent Avian pox viruses from infected pigeons and chickens
Authors: Helal Amira M. , Mahana Osama , Zanaty Ali , Selim Karim , Taha Mohamed. E. , Saleh Mostafa M. , Hassan Mohamed I. , Abdallah Mona S.
Published: January 2025

Background

Avian pox viruses (APVs) are highly contagious poultry diseases, posing a major economic threat to poultry production systems, and have a high mortality rate among young birds, Infected birds also face condemnation of affected carcasses due to the unsightly appearance of the nodular skin lesions.

This study aimed to provide an overview of the current genetic status of APV in backyard poultry, with a focus on the commercially available vaccines. To achieve this, molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of APVs were conducted, comparing their sequences with vaccine strains used in Egypt.

Results

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was able to detect APV in all the tested samples; 12 positive samples (6 chicken flocks and 6 pigeon flocks) were selected for DNA sequencing. The sequences were submitted to GenBank with accession numbers OR027032 to OR027043. The chicken strains exhibited 100% nucleotide identity with commercially available fowl pox virus (FPV) vaccines and were phylogenetically clustered within subclade A1 with other FPVs. On the other hand, the pigeon pox virus (PPV) strains were closely related to other PPV strains within subclade A2 and showing 100% and 91% nucleotide identity with the PPV and the FPV vaccines, respectively.

Conclusions

Despite the availability of APV vaccines in Egypt, a persistent threat of APV to poultry in the backyard system remains a significant concern. Our molecular characterization revealed the high genetic similarity between our field strains and commercially available vaccine strains, suggesting an urgent need for vaccination in backyard systems to counteract this emerging threat to bird populations.
A high lipid diet leads to greater pathology and lower tolerance during infection
Authors: Perrine Weston G. , Sauer Erin L. , Love Ashley C. , Morris Ashley , Novotny Johnathan , DuRant Sarah E.
Published: January 2025

Altered food landscapes contribute importantly to wildlife disease dynamics and may play an important role in host heterogeneity in disease outcomes through changes in host diet composition. We explored the effects of dietary macronutrient composition on disease pathology and feeding behavior of canaries (Serinus canaria domestica) infected with Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG). In the first experiment, we provided canaries with isocaloric diets comprised of identical ingredients that varied in macronutrient content (high-protein or high-lipid) then MG- or sham-inoculated birds. In the second experiment, we offered both diets to canaries before and after MG- and sham-inoculation. In experiment one, high protein diet birds consumed more food than high lipid diet birds and experienced a more pronounced decrease in food intake after infection. High protein diet birds were more tolerant to MG infection, exhibiting reduced pathology when compared to high lipid diet birds, despite the two treatments having similar levels of MG-specific antibodies and MG loads. When birds had access to both diets, they consumed more of the high protein diet and experienced pathology for less time than lipid or protein restricted birds. These results highlight that macronutrient makeup of the diet can shape vertebrate host tolerance and pathology, which has direct implications for host-pathogen transmission dynamics.
Linking warmer nest temperatures to reduced body size in seabird nestlings: Possible mitochondrial bioenergetic and proteomic mechanisms
Authors: Casagrande Stefania , Dell'Omo Giacomo
Published: January 2025

Rapid reduction of body size in populations responding to global warming suggests the involvement of temperature-dependent physiological adjustments during growth, such as mitochondrial alterations, in the efficiency of producing metabolic energy, a process that is poorly explored, especially in endotherms. Here, we examined the mitochondrial metabolism and proteomic profile of red blood cells in relation to body size and cellular energetics in nestling shearwaters (Calonectris diomedea) developing at different natural temperatures. We found that nestlings of warmer nests had lighter bodies and smaller beaks at fledging. Despite there was no effect of environmental temperature on cellular metabolic rate, mitochondria had a higher inefficiency in coupling metabolism to allocable energy production, as evidenced by bioenergetic and proteomic analyses. Mitochondrial inefficiency was positively related to cellular stress represented by heat shock proteins, antioxidant enzymes and markers of mitochondrial stress. The observed temperature-related mitochondrial inefficiency was associated with reduced beak size and body mass and was linked to a downregulation of cellular growth factors and growth promoters determining body size. By analyzing the links between environmental temperature, mitochondrial inefficiency and body size we discuss the physiological alterations that free-living birds, and probably other endotherms, need to trigger to cope with a warming world.
Fighting Poverty One Family at a Time: Experimental Evidence from an Intervention with Holistic, Individualized, Wraparound Services
Authors: Evans William N. , Kolka Shawna , Sullivan James X. , Turner Patrick S.
Published: January 2025

Families in poverty face numerous barriers to establishing stable economic footing. This paper estimates experimental effects of a holistic, individualized wraparound service intervention for low-income individuals. The intervention includes a detailed assessment, an individualized service plan, intensive case management administered by a two-person team with small caseloads, and strategic financial assistance. The program improved employment and housing outcomes two years postenrollment. Given the customized nature of the services, overall program effects mask heterogeneity. Exploratory analysis suggests that the program helped employ participants who lacked employment but had stable housing and that those without stable housing were helped in securing it. (JEL I32, I38, L31, R23)
Uncharted Waters: Effects of Maritime Emission Regulation
Authors: Hansen-Lewis Jamie , Marcus Michelle
Published: January 2025

Maritime shipping emits as much fine particulate matter as half of global road traffic. We are the first to measure the consequences of US maritime emissions standards on air quality, human health, racial exposure disparities, and behavior. The introduction of US maritime emissions control areas significantly decreased fine particulate matter, low birth weight, and infant mortality. Yet, only about half of the forecasted fine particulate matter abatement was achieved by the policy. We show evidence consistent with behavioral responses among ship operators, other polluters, and individuals that muted the policy’s impact, but were not incorporated in ex ante models. (JEL I12, L92, Q51, Q52, Q53, Q58)
Effective Health Aid: Evidence from Gavi’s Vaccine Program
Authors: Shastry Gauri Kartini , Tortorice Daniel L.
Published: January 2025

Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance has provided over US$16 billion in funding for vaccination in low- and middle-income countries since 1999. We exploit differential timing across countries and vaccines to estimate the effects of this public health initiative. We find that Gavi’s support for a vaccine increased coverage rates by 2–5 percentage points across all vaccines and by 10–20 percentage points for newer vaccines. We also find that Gavi’s support reduced child mortality from related causes by 1 child per 1,000 live births. We estimate these improvements saved around 1.5 million lives at a cost of about US$9,000 per life saved. (JEL F35, F53, I12, I15, I18, J13, O15)
Η σημασία της ΔΟΠ (Διοίκησης Ολικής Ποιότητας) στην εκπαιδευτική διαδικασία μέσω ενός υποθετικού (αντι)παραδείγματος Μακιαβελικού τύπου συστήματος αξιολόγησης, σε μία εκπαιδευτική μονάδα, αντιδιαστέλλοντας/ αντιστρέφοντας τις βασικές αρχές του πλαισίου Ολ
Authors: Γάλλος Νικόλαος
Published: January 2025

Σκοπός της παρούσας εργασίας είναι να παρουσιάσει ένα υποθετικό (αντι)παράδειγμα Μακιαβελικού τύπου συστήματος αξιολόγησης σε μία εκπαιδευτική μονάδα, αντιδιαστέλλοντας τις βασικές αρχές του πλαισίου Ολικής Ποιότητας. Μπορεί στην πράξη να καταδείξει την σημασία της ΔΟΠ (Διοίκησης Ολικής Ποιότητας) στην εκπαιδευτική διαδικασία, να διερευνήσει τα χαρακτηριστικά της καλύτερης δυνατής απόδοσης, να επιτρέψει την πρόοδο του σχολείου και την εκπλήρωση του οράματός του. Βασικός υπεύθυνος και εμπνευστής είναι ο Διευθυντής, ο οποίος έχοντας ένα χρήσιμο εργαλείο στα χέρια του αναδεικνύεται μεταρρυθμιστικός παράγοντας. Παρουσιάζονται λοιπόν τα θετικά χαρακτηριστικά της σχολικής μονάδας, όπως αυτό της επικοινωνίας, που επηρεάζει τη λειτουργία της, προσφέροντας ποιοτική γνώση και προάγει τη συνεργασία όλων των φορέων. Επίσης, αναδεικνύονται τα χαρακτηριστικά του σύγχρονου διευθυντή, που συνδέει τις ομάδες του σχολείου και καθοδηγεί προς της επίτευξη του στόχου, μέσω κατάλληλου κλίματος και ορθών διαδικασιών. Στη συνέχεια εξετάζονται οι αρνητικοί παράγοντες, όπως οι συγκρούσεις και η κακή διαχείρισή της αλλαγής, ως λόγοιοπισθοδρόμησης και μη επίτευξης στόχων, αποσκοπώντας να ενισχυθούν τα στάδια της ΔΟΠ στην επίτευξη των στόχων. Τέλος, παραθέτοντας τα σημεία του Deming στην εκπαιδευτική διαδικασία, καταδεικνύεται πώς μπορεί να δημιουργηθεί ένα σχολείο ποιότητας σε μια σύγχρονη και διαρκώς μεταβαλλόμενη κοινωνία και να δώσει τα απαραίτητα εφόδια σε εκπαιδευτικούς και μαθητές.
From ‘‘crimmigration’’ to ‘‘enemy under-criminalization’’: the Greek case of immigration control
Authors: Kourakis Filippos
Published: January 2025

This essay examines the Greek immigration control system, starting with a brief overview of crimmigration and enemy penology literature. It combines insights from these concepts to introduce the theory of “enemy under-criminalization” which emphasizes the inimical treatment of irregular immigrants without offering them the safeguards of criminal law. The study then identifies key pillars utilized by the Greek state in controlling human mobility at the border. These include immigration detention, pushbacks, and the criminalization of solidarity with immigrants. The essay examines how these mechanisms lack the protections of criminal law, directly treating irregular immigrants as enemies. It concludes by noting the challenges to democracy and the rule of law posed by these practices.
Using a digital health intervention “INTERCEPT” to improve secondary prevention in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients: protocol for a mixed methods non-randomised feasibility study
Authors: Gibson Irene , Jennings Catriona , Neubeck Lis , Corcoran Marissa , Wood David , Sharif Faisal , Hynes Lisa , Murphy Andrew W , Byrne Molly , McEvoy John William
Published: January 2025

Background Digital health interventions (DHIs) are increasingly used for the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The aim of this study is to determine the feasibility of “INTERCEPT”, a co-designed DHI developed to improve secondary prevention in hospitalised coronary heart disease patients (CHD). Methods This non-randomised, pilot feasibility study with embedded process evaluation will be conducted with a sample of 40 patients in an acute hospital setting. Informed by behaviour change theory, INTERCEPT integrates a smartphone interface, health care professional portal, a fitness wearable and a blood pressure monitor. INTERCEPT is designed to support and motivate patients to set goals, self-monitor lifestyle and medical risk factors, and manage their medications, with the health care professional portal enabling monitoring and communication with patients. Using consecutive sampling, eligible patients will be recruited in two phases, a pre-implementation phase and an implementation phase. Commencing with pre-implementation (1 month duration), participants will not immediately receive INTERCEPT, however, they will be invited to receive INTERCEPT at 3 months follow-up. This will enable early learning about the processes of recruitment and conducting the assessment prior to full scale deployment of INTERCEPT in the next step implementation phase. During the implementation phase (2 months duration), participants will be invited to download INTERCEPT to their smartphone prior to hospital discharge. Qualitative interviews will be conducted among a subset of patients and health care professionals to gain a greater insight into their experience of using INTERCEPT. Primary outcomes will be assessed at baseline and 3-month follow-up. Using pre-defined feasibility criteria, including recruitment, retention and engagement rates, together with data on intervention acceptability, will determine the appropriateness of progressing to a definitive trial. Discussion This study will provide important insights to help inform the feasibility of conducting a definitive trial of “INTERCEPT” among coronary heart disease patients in a critical health care setting.
Global monitoring of hyperglycaemic emergencies in adults with diabetes: protocol for a systematic review of incidence and outcomes (2015–2024)
Authors: Mairghani Maisoon , James Steven , Mehta Roopa , Bhatia Dominika , James Olive , Jabakhanji Samira Barbara , McCaffrey John , Walsh Killian , Clyne Barbara , Gregg Edward W.
Published: January 2025

Background Hyperglycaemic emergencies, such as diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state (HHS), are critical indicators of inadequate glucose management, and highlight issues such as lack of insulin availability, suboptimal patient education, or non-adherence to treatment. This systematic review will examine the global variation in DKA and HHS incidence, clinical outcomes and related trends, in adults with diabetes, to guide future diabetes management strategies and advocacy. Methods The review will follow the PERSyst group guidance for conducting systematic reviews of proportions, and will be reported using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. We will include population-based observational studies conducted in all geographic settings that report data on adult populations diagnosed with type 1 or type 2 diabetes from 2015–2024, with no language restrictions. The databases to be searched are Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, EBSCO CINAHL, and the WHO Global Index Medicus. Using Covidence, two reviewers will independently screen titles and abstracts against eligibility criteria, review potentially relevant full-text articles, and extract data from eligible studies. A third reviewer will resolve any conflicts. Reviewers will use a standardised data extraction form to capture study population, methodological, and outcome data. The methodological quality of included studies will be assessed using the JBI Critical Appraisal tool for studies reporting prevalence data. Extracted data will be synthesised using descriptive statistics and summarised narratively. Dissemination Findings from this systematic review will be used to inform global diabetes monitoring, prevention and treatment initiatives, and advocacy. Upon completion, the final review report will be submitted for publication to a peer-reviewed journal, and presented at scientific conferences nationally and internationally. PROSPERO registration CRD42024588719 OSF https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/6HBVQ
Marketing del Orgullo: Perspectivas de estudiantes LGBTQ+ en Costa Rica.
Authors: Margery Carvajal Michelle , Bonilla López Marisela
Published: January 2025

Este estudio buscó identificar las opiniones de estudiantes LGBTQ+ en la Universidad de Costa Rica (UCR) sobre las campañas
de marketing del Orgullo lanzadas en junio. Participaron 28 estudiantes LGBTQ+ de esta universidad pública en Costa Rica
mediante una encuesta en línea diseñada para conocer las actitudes hacia esta práctica y las percepciones sobre las
motivaciones de las marcas y la contribución de las campañas a los derechos y la representación de esta comunidad. Los
resultados muestran escepticismo y críticas hacia estas campañas y enfatizan la creencia de que las marcas deberían cumplir
con criterios específicos para comercializar el Orgullo LGBTQ+. Además, los participantes reconocieron la dualidad de estas
campañas, las cuales ocasionalmente buscan ayudar a la comunidad mientras obtienen atención y ganancias a cambio. Los
estudiantes atribuyeron un mayor impacto al activismo social, como cambios internos en las empresas, anuncios inclusivos
y donaciones. Se destaca la necesidad de que las marcas ofrezcan apoyo continuo y mantengan la responsabilidad social, así
como la importancia de fomentar iniciativas genuinas y socialmente responsables dentro de la comunidad LGBTQ+. Para ello, se insta a acciones y cambios significativos en el mundo del marketing. Se discuten las implicaciones teóricas y/o prácticas.
La hora del Booktok: caracterización de nuevos vídeos para la promoción lectora en el móvil
Authors: Rovira-Collado José , Martínez-Carratalá Francisco Antonio , Miras Sebastián
Published: January 2025

Los booktoks son vídeos breves sobre lectura en TikTok, herederos de los blogs literarios y los booktubers. La gran mayoría se crean con el móvil, que es también su espacio natural de reproducción. Esta investigación realiza un análisis cualitativo del contenido en contextos digitales sobre los booktoks en español. A partir de una muestra previa de 500 vídeos, seleccionados a través de las sugerencias del algoritmo de la plataforma, se realiza un análisis de n=299 vídeos para identificar sus principales características y las diferencias con los anteriores espacios. Se analiza la extensión, la audiencia, la cantidad de comentarios, las etiquetas usadas y la tipología de los perfiles. Posteriormente, se proponen distintos análisis concretos como las etiquetas más usadas; los perfiles más seguidos de nuestra selección (n=30), señalando cuáles son sus características y su interacción con otras plataformas digitales; y el análisis pormenorizado de varios vídeos para ejemplificar las características. Por último, se seleccionan n=10 booktoks concretos para presentar las diferencias con anteriores modelos de promoción de la lectura en Internet. Se identifican nuevas dinámicas y se confirma que el móvil supone una menor duración en los vídeos sobre libros que nos aleja de la reflexión literaria
Distinción entre textos de guion escritos por humanos y generados por IA: un estudio preliminar con estudiantes de Cine
Authors: Luri Rodríguez Javier , Quiroga Rodríguez Elio
Published: January 2025

La mayoría de las incógnitas que suscita el desarrollo de la inteligencia artificial en contextos como el académico o el profesional, están relacionadas con cierta intrusión de la tecnología, no solo por realizar labores tradicionalmente humanas, sino también por hacerlo de una manera que puede resultar difícil de identificar. El presente artículo estudia cómo distintos estudiantes del Grado de Cine distinguen entre guiones creados con IA y sin ella, muestra elegida por suponérsele un juicio maduro en este campo. A 24 alumnos se les facilitaron tres opciones de una misma escena de guion, junto con un cuestionario en el que debían reconocer la procedencia, humana o de inteligencia artificial generativa, de cada uno de los textos, así como justificar las razones de su elección. Entre los tres textos facilitados había producción exclusivamente humana y texto sintético de varias procedencias. Un análisis cuantitativo muestra una destacable inclinación hacia la percepción de que se trata de textos sintéticos, independientemente de que estos realmente lo sean, resultando una particular incapacidad de discernimiento. Por otro lado, un análisis cualitativo ha podido destacar claves sobre cómo los estudiantes perciben o presuponen las diferentes procedencias, resultando destacables ciertas nociones de “naturalidad” descritas por los participantes.
Cómo potenciar el pensamiento crítico en la universidad a través de competencias en línea: evaluación de la información y la netiqueta
Authors: Denoni Buján Magalí , Cebollero Salinas Ana
Published: January 2025

Una de las competencias clave para desenvolverse en un mundo cada vez más complejo es el pensamiento crítico. La
irrupción de internet y de la inteligencia artificial ha potenciado aún más la necesidad de desarrollar la disposición al
pensamiento crítico, especialmente entre los jóvenes. Los chicos y las chicas en la universidad estudian, se comunican y se
divierten utilizando internet, aunque lo hacen de manera diferenciada. En este sentido, sería interesante conocer en qué
medida evaluar la información en internet puede facilitar el desarrollo de una disposición al pensamiento crítico más estable.
Dada la ausencia de estudios que lo valoren, el objetivo de esta investigación es analizar si conductas como evaluar la
fiabilidad de la información en línea y la netiqueta, ambas requieren valoración de la información en internet, predicen la
disposición al pensamiento crítico y además, de forma diferenciada según el sexo. Participaron 415 estudiantes de Magisterio
con edades entre 17 y 36 años. A través de regresiones lineales múltiples, los resultados muestran que la evaluar la veracidad
de la información en línea, especialmente en los chicos, y la netiqueta, especialmente en las chicas, predicen la disposición
al pensamiento crítico. Se analizan las implicaciones educativas, especialmente en futuros docentes.
Limits of Disclosure Regulation in the Municipal Bond Market
Authors: Ivanov Ivan T. , Zimmermann Tom , Heinrich Nathan W.
Published: January 2025

We examine the effectiveness of recent federal disclosure regulation aiming to improve transparency in the $4 trillion municipal bond market. Governments fail to disclose material private placements 50%–60% of the time and, conditional on disclosure, filings often omit contract details essential for bond pricing. Noncompliant issuers are significantly riskier than compliers, with disclosure decreasing in the potential of privately placed debt to adversely affect bondholders. We show that disclosure reveals positive news and is especially informative to investors in low-rated bonds or during market crises. Overall, privately placed debt continues to pose significant risks to municipal bond investors.

This paper was accepted by Victoria Ivashina, finance.

Funding: T. Zimmermann has received financial support from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft under Germany’s Excellence Strategy [EXC2126/139083886].

Supplemental Material: The online appendices and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.02289 .
Prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains among pigs
Authors: Odoh Joshua Atabo , Mela Luka Ilu , Okolo Esther , Ogu Gideon Ikechukwu , Eze Mary Ebere
Published: January 2025

Growing evidence of resistance of Staphylococcus aureus to methicillin (MRSA) is worrying. Domestic pigs are potential asymptomatic carriers of S. aureus, including strains resistant to methicillin, which poses a serious threat to meat consumers. This study was therefore aimed at assessing the prevalence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) in nasal swaps of selected pigs. This study investigated one hundred and fifty (150) nasal swabs of pigs from fifteen (15) selected pig farms (PGF) within Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria, to assess their levels of exposure to S. aureus and MRSA carriage. Isolation, characterization, and identification of S. aureus and MRSA were done using Mannitol Salt Agar (Oxoid, UK) and Mannitol Salt Agar supplemented with 4µg/ml oxacillin, respectively. Antibiotic susceptibility patterns were done using disc diffusion protocols, while presence of MRSA mecA genes was characterised using PCR. Thirty percent (30 %) of 150 analyzed swabs were positive for S. aureus, of which 13 (28.9 %) contained MRSA. MRSA were found in nasal swabs of animals from 9 different farms. All 13 (100%) MRSA isolates contained the mecA gene and were resistant to penicillin, 5 (38.5 %) were resistant to vancomycin and were characterized by multidrug resistance. The results of this study show that 38.5 % of examined pigs were infected with MRSA posing a serious threat to humans. These findings highlight the significant threat posed by MRSA in pigs, raising concerns for human health and emphasizing the importance of effective surveillance and control measures in livestock production to mitigate the transmission of antibiotic-resistant pathogens to consumers. Therefore, it was concluded that the MRSA was detected in pig from 9 different farms, indicating a widespread distribution.
Short communication: Greater crested tern Thalasseus bergii population on the South Coast of Getem, Jember, Indonesia
Authors: Rohman Abdu , Sara Emman Yoga , Mujib Muhammad Asyroful , Wibowo Waskito Kukuh
Published: January 2025

Greater crested tern (Thalasseus bergii) is a common resident seabirds in Indonesia. Habitat beach and rest on the shore with other groups of terns. This study aimed to determine the population of Greater crested tern on the southern coast of Getem Jember. Determination of observation points using a purposive sampling method. Data collection uses the encounter rates method. Bird watching in the morning from 06.00-08.00 and afternoon from 15.30-17.30. Recording data on species, number of birds, and other supporting data. Identify using relevant bird feathers. Analysis of bird species' density index data. Using monocular binoculars, camera, and global positioning system support tools. The survey of four sites revealed 413 individuals of great-crested tern. Analysis of individual density at the mouth of the river 60 individuals/Ha. It was concluded that the River mouth is the most excellent location for greater crested tern Thalasseus bergii.
Growth performance, haematological and biochemical responses of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fed graded levels of groundnut cake
Authors: Ayoola Simeon Oluwatoyin , Kolawole Ayotunde Samuel , Etim Faith
Published: January 2025

The assessment of the effect of replacing fish meal with groundnut cake in the diet of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus was carried out in a twelve-week feeding trial. The objective of the study was to determine the appropriate level of groundnut cake inclusion in fish feed diet. Ten Nile tilapia fingerlings with mean weight of 7.55±0.50g were stocked in experimental tanks in triplicate. Varying levels of groundnut cake were incorporated in the experimental diets formulated; the control diet, Diet 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 having 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% inclusion level respectively. The experimental diet five exhibited the highest mean weight gain (8.00±1.68) and specific growth rate. But recorded the least significant feed conversion ratio (4.01±1.10). The diet also recorded the best protein efficiency ratio (1.37±0.30). There was significant difference observed in the growth performance, haematological values and biochemical values in fish fed with groundnut cake compared to the control diet. A reduction in the cholesterol (1.66±0.13) and Albumin (40.20±1.10) values were observed in fish fed groundnut cake based diet compared with the fish fed with the control diet having cholesterol and albumin values to be 1.83±0.07 and 40.60±1.60 respectively. It was observed that the use of groundnut cake in fish feed for O. niloticus enhances the growth of the fish. The 100% substitution shows highest weight gain, low FCR and low level of cholesterol. In conclusion, 80% partial replacement of fish meal in fish feed with groundnut cake should be encouraged.
Productivity of comet goldfish (Carassius auratus) cultured in aquaponics system using fine bubbles (FBs)
Authors: Andriani Yuli , Zahidah Zahidah , Anando Drian Alif , Pratama Rusky Intan
Published: January 2025

Water quality is an important factor in the process of fish farming. This study aims to determine the application of FBs pressure that can increase the productivity of comet goldfish farming in an aquaponic system. The research was carried out from January to March 2022 at the Ciparanje Green House, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) experimental method with four treatments and three replications. The treatment used was the application of FBs pressure of 0 atm (A), 5.25 atm (B), 5.5 atm (C), and 5.75 atm (D). Maintenance of test fish for 30 days with ad satiation feeding. Observation of fish growth through sampling is done by taking fish 10% of the total population randomly in each pond. Data were analyzed using the F test at a 95% confidence level, followed by Duncan's multiple range test with a 95% confidence level, while water quality data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the specific daily growth rate of FBs 5.75 was 2.51%, the absolute length growth was 3.33%, the absolute weight growth was 1.70 grams and the fish survival rate was 99.3%. It was concluded that the use of FBs in the aquaponic system can increase production of the system.
Assessment of heavy metal concentrations in imported marine fish species consumed in Ogun state, Nigeria
Authors: Adebowale Adetola Quddus , Odubote Mary Opeyemi , Adefabi Adedapo Samson
Published: January 2025

Fish is an affordable protein source in developing countries such as Nigeria, however, human activities like mining, agriculture, and industrial discharges negatively impact these aquatic resources and their environment. Heavy metals leach into the ocean and accumulate in fish, potentially causing health issues for those who consume them. The present study evaluated the heavy metal concentrations in five commercially important and highly consumed fish species (Clupea pallasii, Merluccius productus, Gadus chalcogrammus, Scomber scombrus, Trachurus murphyi) in Nigeria. The study was conducted between August 2021 to January 2022, and Mn, Fe, Zn, Pb, Cd levels were sampled in a total of 50 fish using the AA 240 Fanst Sequential Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer and expressed as mg/kg wet weight. Among the heavy metals estimated in all fish samples, Mn was the most prevalent, while Zn was relatively the lowest. Pb (6.39 mg/kg), Cd (1.39 mg/kg), and Fe (5.59 mg/kg) concentrations exceeded the FAO and WHO regulatory limits and may be deleterious to human health. Therefore, while essential as a protein source, the presence of heavy metals exceeding recommended limits in these commonly consumed imported fish species raises public health concerns. This study emphasizes the crucial need for stricter regulations and consistent monitoring of imported fish to guarantee their safety and consumer well-being in Nigeria.
Increasing fish production through adoption of improved technologies in Ogun State, Nigeria
Authors: Segun Ashley-Dejo Samuel , Temitope Oyetunji Opeyemi , Okanlawon Sule Shakiru , Abiola Durojaiye Fadilat , Teslim Ojetayo Asaje , Ruth Ojinni Temitope
Published: January 2025

Technology is one of the crucial factor influences the aquaculture production; hence it is essential to encourage fish farmers to embrace modern methods of fish production by utilizing improved fisheries and aquaculture technologies This study assessed the factors that influence adoption of improved fish production technologies in Ogun State, Nigeria. The study adopted survey design and data were collected through structured questionnaire administered to 150 fish farmers by adopting multistage sampling procedure. It was observed that majority of the respondents were male, married, literate and made use of family labor. The study also found that fish enclosure technologies, neutralizers/fertilizers, and fish stock selectivity/harvesting gear systems were distributed among fish farmers in the study area, with earthen fish ponds being the most widely adopted technology. Furthermore, the study revealed that fish farmers generally had positive attitudes towards the use of improved technologies. The study also found that high production costs were the most significant constraint to the adoption of improved technologies, followed by inadequate contact with extension agents and non-availability of input. The study conclude that the adoption of improved fish production technologies could increase fish production in Ogun State, Nigeria, but there is a need for interventions to address the constraints hindering the adoption of improved fisheries technologies in the study area.
A Study of the Technical Aspects of Local Buffalo Rearing in West Aceh Regency
Authors: Gaznur Zikri Maulina , Syafiq Wan Taufiq Aulia , Koesmara Hendra , Sari Eka Mutia , Abdullah Mohd Agus Nashri , Asril Asril
Published: January 2025

The research problem is whether the technical aspects of raising buffalo livestock in West Aceh Regency have been implemented properly and correctly in accordance with the DITJENNAK guidelines of 1992 by buffalo breeders in West Aceh Regency. This research aims to examine the implementation of technical aspects of local buffalo rearing in West Aceh Regency. The research locations covered 25 villages (5 villages each district), namely in 5 villages Johan Pahlawan, Mereubo, Kaway XVI and Samatiga District. This study used a survey method of 100 buffalo breeders using a questionnaire. The parameters were 1) aspects of breeding and reproduction, 2) food, maintenance management, 3) health, 4) cages and equipment. The sampling technique is random and the number of samples is determined deliberately taking into consideration the breeders who are willing to be interviewed. The data obtained is processed by calculating the percentage score and then compared with the categories set by the Directorate General of Livestock (1992). The results showed that the implementation of the technical aspects of raising buffalo rearing in West Aceh District was 41.71%, including the application of technical aspects of breeding and reproduction 57.72%, aspects of food 13.74%, aspects of maintenance management 38.58%, health aspects 67.27%, cage and equipment aspects 52.09%. It can be concluded that the implementation of technical aspects of buffalo farming in West Aceh Regency is poor category with the guidelines of the Directorate General of Livestock (1992). From these results it is recommended that the technical aspects of buffalo rearing in West Aceh Regency should be improved in the future.
Rapid configuring method for a programmable photonic integrated circuit based on a tandem neural network
Authors: Fan Zeyang , Dan Yihang , Lin Junmin , Zhang Tian , Dai Jian , Xu Kun
Published: January 2025

Programmable photonic integrated circuits (PPICs), as optical analog matrix multipliers, emerge as a leading candidate of a revolutionary technology. However, the efficient voltage configuration of programmable devices in the circuit presents a significant challenge to its development. Here, we propose a black-box method based on tandem neural network to rapidly predict the voltage configuration of arbitrary matrices. We experimentally demonstrate the feasibility of our method on a 4 × 4 PPIC, achieving the average fidelity of 0.989 for 10,000 matrices. Furthermore, we experimentally implement an optical–electric hybrid model based on our method, obtaining a training accuracy of 97.59% on the MNIST dataset.