bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of treatment changes following electronic consultation to a pharmacist-run urine drug testing service in a veterans healthcare system
Authors: Stammet, PharmD Michelle M. , Spradley, PharmD, BCPS Shelley S.
Published: February 2018

In 2013, the North Florida/South Georgia Veterans Healthcare System established a pharmacist-run urine drug testing (UDT) electronic consultation (e-consult) service to assist providers with interpretation of this useful yet complex clinical tool. This pilot study aimed to classify clinical treatment changes implemented following e-consult to a pharmacist-run UDT service and analyze factors limiting pharmacist intervention postconsultation. One hundred forty-three e-consults were completed in the 2-year study period including interpretation of 190 UDT results classified as expected, unexpected, or not necessarily inappropriate based on prescription profile at time of urine immunoassay test. Preconsult evaluation revealed that in more than 70 percent of cases, no confirmatory testing was ordered on the sample in question by the requesting provider. Of the 28 percent of UDT results classified as unexpected, 32 percent identified the presence of an illicit substance. Completed e-consults provided either education-based (informative) or actionbased (decisive) recommendations. In 50 percent of the cases where unexpected substances were identified, pharmacy specialists recommended immediate action to be taken by the provider. Subsequent review indicates that timely documentation of postconsultation action by requesting provider was only present in 32 percent of this group. Continued efforts toward an improved understanding of UDT utility by providers, along with expedited placement of e-consult following urine collection, may allow for increased implementation of pharmacist interventions and lead to more optimal use of this clinical tool.
January/February 2017 Full Issue, Volume 13, Number 1
Authors: DeVito, Jr Richard A.
Published: February 2018

Complete issue PDF
Trends in Florida's Prescription Drug Monitoring Program registration and utilization: Implications for increasing voluntary use
Authors: Delcher, PhD Chris , Wang, MS Yanning , Young, MD Henry W. , Goldberger, PhD Bruce A. , Schmidt, MD, PhD, FAAFP Siegfried , Reisfield, MD Gary M.
Published: February 2018

Objective: Effective use of state prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMPs) to track controlled substance prescribing and dispensing may help mitigate the current opioid crisis. Our objective was to examine trends in registration for and use of Florida's PDMP by physicians and pharmacists, from 2013 to 2016. We discuss implications for PDMP uptake and policy.Design: Key measures, such as cumulative number of registrants per license type and monthly utilization intensity, are presented. A time series forecasting approach was used to (1) model the monthly count of new PDMP registrants and users from January 2013 to December 2016 and (2) estimate cumulative registration totals after 1 year.Setting: Florida.Results: As of November 2016, there were 16,498 physicians (representing 31 percent of Drug Enforcement Administration licensees) and 17,241 pharmacists registered with the PDMP, representing 21 and 57 percent of professional licensees, respectively. Of note, the PDMP's designation as a “specialized registry” for electronic medical record “meaningful use” criteria led to a nearly sevenfold increase in physician registrations in a single month. In November 2016, pharmacists displayed a higher past-month PDMP utilization rate (52.2 percent vs 30.1 percent), while physicians displayed a higher past-month PDMP utilization intensity (58.1 vs. 36.1 queries per user). Approximately 25,000 physicians and 31,000 pharmacists must register by the end of 2017 to meet national policy goals.Conclusion: PDMP registration among physicians and pharmacists is limited, and the use of the PDMP among registrants is more limited still. Our findings suggest that Florida will not meet national policy goals for registrants by the end of 2017, although new initiatives may alter this trend. Allowing the PDMP to help prescribers meet other professional needs, such as “meaningful use” or similar efforts, may be effective in increasing PDMP use.
Opioid tolerance and urine drug testing among initiates of extended-release or long-acting opioids in Food and Drug Administration's Sentinel System
Authors: Larochelle, MD, MPH Marc R. , Cocoros, DSc, MPH Noelle M. , Popovic, DVM, MA Jennifer , Dee, MPH Elizabeth C. , Kornegay, PhD Cynthia , Ju, PharmD, PhD Jing , Racoosin, MD, MPH Judith A.
Published: February 2018

Objective: A risk evaluation and mitigation strategy for extended-release and long-acting (ER/LA) opioid analgesics was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 2012. Our objective was to assess frequency of opioid tolerance and urine drug testing for individuals initiating ER/LA opioid analgesics.Design: Retrospective cohort study.Setting: Sentinel, a distributed database with electronic healthcare data on >190 million predominantly commercially insured members.Patients, participants: Members under age 65 initiating ER/LA opioid analgesics between January 2009 and December 2013.Main outcome measure(s): We examined the proportion of opioid-tolerantonly ER/LA opioid analgesic initiates meeting tolerance criteria: receipt of ≥30 mg oxycodone equivalents per day in 7 days prior to the first opioid-tolerant-only dispensing. We separately examined the proportion of new users of extended-release oxycodone (ERO) and other ER/LA opioid analgesics with a claim for a urine drug test in the 30 days prior to, and separately for the 183 days after, dispensing.Results: We identified 79,824 ERO, 7,343 extended-release hydromorphone, and 91,778 transdermal fentanyl opioid-tolerant-only episodes. Tolerance criteria were met in 64 percent of ERO, 64 percent of extended-release hydromorphone and 40 percent of transdermal fentanyl episodes. We identified 210,581 incident ERO and 311,660 other ER/LA opioid analgesic episodes. Use of urine drug testing for ERO compared with other ER/LA opioid analgesics was: 4 percent vs 14 percent respectively in the 30 days prior to initiation and 9 percent vs 23 percent respectively in the 183 days following initiation.Conclusions: These results suggest potential areas for improving appropriate ER/LA opioid analgesic prescribing practices.
Doctor driven problem or doctor driven solution?
Authors: Webster, MD, FACPM, FASAM Lynn R.
Published: February 2018

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Opioid overdose protection: An inevitable need to address an alarming epidemic
Authors: Setnik, PhD Beatrice
Published: February 2018

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Opioids with abuse-deterrent properties: A regulatory and technological overview
Authors: Haddox, DDS, MD J. David
Published: February 2018

Three concurrent public health problems coexist in the United States: endemic nonmedical use/misuse of opioid analgesics, epidemic overdose fatalities involving opioid analgesics, and endemic chronic pain in adults. These intertwined issues comprise an opioid crisis that has spurred the development of formulations of opioids with abuse-deterrent properties and label claims (OADP). To reduce abuse and misuse of prescription opioids, the federal Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued a formal Guidance to drug developers that delineates four categories of testing to generate data sufficient for a description of a product's abuse-deterrent properties, along with associated claims, in its Full Prescribing Information (FPI). This article reviews the epidemiology of the crisis as background for the development of OADP, summarizes the FDA Guidance for Industry regarding abuse-deterrent technologies, and provides an overview of some technologies that are currently employed or are under study for incorporation into OADP. Such technologies include physical and chemical barriers to abuse, combined formulations of opioid agonists and antagonists, inclusion of aversive agents, use of delivery systems that deter abuse, development of new molecular entities and prodrugs, and formulation of products that include some combination of these approaches. Opioids employing these novel technologies are one part of a comprehensive intervention strategy that can deter abuse of prescription opioid analgesics without creating barriers to the safe use of prescription opioids. The maximal public health contribution of OADP will probably occur only when all opioids have FDA-recognized abuse-deterrent properties and label claims.
Investigations of temporal and spatial distribution of precursors SO2 and NO2 vertical columns in the North China Plain using mobile DOAS
Authors: Wu Fengcheng , Xie Pinhua , Li Ang , Mou Fusheng , Chen Hao , Zhu Yi , Zhu Tong , Liu Jianguo , Liu Wenqing
Published: February 2018

Abstract. Recently, Chinese cities have suffered severe events of haze air pollution, particularly in the North China Plain (NCP). Investigating the temporal and spatial distribution of pollutants, emissions, and pollution transport is necessary to better understand the effect of various sources on air quality. We report on mobile differential optical absorption spectroscopy (mobile DOAS) observations of precursors SO2 and NO2 vertical columns in the NCP in the summer of 2013 (from 11 June to 7 July) in this study. The different temporal and spatial distributions of SO2 and NO2 vertical column density (VCD) over this area are characterized under various wind fields. The results show that transport from the southern NCP strongly affects air quality in Beijing, and the transport route, particularly SO2 transport on the route of Shijiazhuang–Baoding–Beijing, is identified. In addition, the major contributors to SO2 along the route of Shijiazhuang–Baoding–Beijing are elevated sources compared to low area sources for the route of Dezhou–Cangzhou–Tianjin–Beijing; this is found using the interrelated analysis between in situ and mobile DOAS observations during the measurement periods. Furthermore, the discussions on hot spots near the city of JiNan show that average observed width of polluted air mass is 11.83 and 17.23 km associated with air mass diffusion, which is approximately 60 km away from emission sources based on geometrical estimation. Finally, a reasonable agreement exists between the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) and mobile DOAS observations, with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.65 for NO2 VCDs. Both datasets also have a similar spatial pattern. The fitted slope of 0.55 is significantly less than unity, which can reflect the contamination of local sources, and OMI observations are needed to improve the sensitivities to the near-surface emission sources through improvements of the retrieval algorithm or the resolution of satellites.
Air quality modelling in the summer over the eastern Mediterranean using WRF-Chem: chemistry and aerosol mechanism intercomparison
Authors: Georgiou George K. , Christoudias Theodoros , Proestos Yiannis , Kushta Jonilda , Hadjinicolaou Panos , Lelieveld Jos
Published: February 2018

Abstract. We employ the WRF-Chem model to study summertime air pollution,
the intense photochemical activity and their impact on air quality over the
eastern Mediterranean. We utilize three nested domains with horizontal
resolutions of 80, 16 and 4 km, with the finest grid focusing on the
island of Cyprus, where the CYPHEX campaign took place in July 2014.
Anthropogenic emissions are based on the EDGAR HTAP global emission
inventory, while dust and biogenic emissions are calculated online. Three
simulations utilizing the CBMZ-MOSAIC, MOZART-MOSAIC, and RADM2-MADE/SORGAM
gas-phase and aerosol mechanisms are performed. The results are compared with
measurements from a dense observational network of 14 ground stations in
Cyprus. The model simulates T2 m, Psurf, and
WD10 m accurately, with minor differences in WS10 m between
model and observations at coastal and mountainous stations attributed to
limitations in the representation of the complex topography in the model. It
is shown that the south-eastern part of Cyprus is mostly affected by
emissions from within the island, under the dominant (60 %) westerly flow
during summertime. Clean maritime air from the Mediterranean can reduce
concentrations of local air pollutants over the region during westerlies.
Ozone concentrations are overestimated by all three mechanisms
(9 % ≤ NMB ≤ 23 %) with the smaller mean bias (4.25 ppbV)
obtained by the RADM2-MADE/SORGAM mechanism. Differences in ozone
concentrations can be attributed to the VOC treatment by the three
mechanisms. The diurnal variability of pollution and ozone precursors is not
captured (hourly correlation coefficients for O3 ≤ 0.29). This
might be attributed to the underestimation of NOx concentrations by local
emissions by up to 50 %. For the fine particulate matter (PM2.5),
the lowest mean bias (9 µg m−3) is obtained with the
RADM2-MADE/SORGAM mechanism, with overestimates in sulfate and ammonium
aerosols. Overestimation of sulfate aerosols by this mechanism may be linked
to the SO2 oxidation in clouds. The MOSAIC aerosol mechanism
overestimates PM2.5 concentrations by up to
22 µg m−3 due to a more pronounced dust component compared to
the other two mechanisms, mostly influenced by the dust inflow from the
global model. We conclude that all three mechanisms are very sensitive to
boundary conditions from the global model for both gas-phase and aerosol
pollutants, in particular dust and ozone.
The Polar 5 airborne measurement of turbulence and methane fluxes during the AirMeth campaigns
Authors: Hartmann Jörg , Gehrmann Martin , Sachs Torsten , Kohnert Katrin , Metzger Stefan
Published: February 2018

Abstract. Low level flights over tundra wetlands in Alaska and Canada have been conducted during the AirMeth campaigns to measure turbulent methane fluxes into the atmosphere. In this paper we describe the instrumentation and new calibration procedures for the essential pressure parameters required for turbulence sensing by an aircraft that exploit suitable regular measurement flight legs without the need for dedicated calibration patterns. We estimate the accuracy of the mean wind and the turbulence measurements. We show that airborne measurements of turbulent fluxes of methane and carbon dioxide using cavity ring down spectroscopy trace gas analysers together with established turbulence equipment achieves a relative accuracy similar to that of measurements of sensible heat flux if applied during low level flights over natural area sources. The inertial subrange of the trace gas fluctuations cannot be resolved due to insufficient high frequency precision of the analyser but since this scatter is uncorrelated with the vertical wind velocity, the covariance and thus the flux is reproduced correctly. In the covariance spectra the −7/3 drop-off in the inertial subrange can be reproduced if sufficient data are available for averaging. For convective conditions and flight legs of several tens of kilometers we estimate the flux detection limit to about 4 mg/m2/d for w'CH4', 1.4 g/m2/d for w'CO2', and 4.2 W/m2/s for the sensible heat flux.
UK Global Ocean GO6 and GO7: a traceable hierarchy of model resolutions
Authors: Storkey David , Blaker Adam T. , Mathiot Pierre , Megann Alex , Aksenov Yevgeny , Blockley Edward W. , Calvert Daley , Graham Tim , Hewitt Helene T. , Hyder Patrick , Kuhlbrodt Till , Rae Jamie G. L. , Sinha Bablu
Published: February 2018

Abstract. Versions 6 and 7 of the UK Global Ocean conﬁguration (known as GO6 and GO7) will form the ocean components of the Met Ofﬁce GC3.1 coupled model and UKESM earth system model to be used in CMIP6 simulations. The label "GO6" refers to a traceable hierarchy of three model conﬁgurations at nominal 1°, 1/4° and 1/12° resolution. The GO6 conﬁgurations are described in detail with particular focus on aspects which have been updated since the previous version (GO5). Results of 30-year forced ocean-ice integrations with the 1/4° model are presented, in which GO6 is coupled to the GSI8.1 sea ice conﬁguration and forced with CORE2 ﬂuxes. GO6-GSI8.1 shows an overall improved simulation compared to GO5-GSI5.0, especially in the Southern Ocean where there are more realistic summertime mixed layer depths, a reduced near-surface warm and saline biases and an improved simulation of sea ice. The main drivers of the improvements in the Southern Ocean simulation are tunings of the vertical and isopycnal mixing parameters. Selected results from the full hierarchy of three resolutions are shown. Although the same forcing is applied, the three models show large-scale differences in the near-surface circulation and in the short-term adjustment of the overturning circulation. The GO7 conﬁguration is identical to the GO6 1/4° conﬁguration except that the cavities under the ice shelves are opened. Opening the ice shelf cavities has a local impact on temperature and salinity biases on the Antarctic shelf with some improvement in the biases in the Weddell Sea.
Implementation and validation of a new operational wave forecasting system of the Mediterranean Monitoring and Forecasting Centre in the framework of the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service
Authors: Ravdas Michalis , Zacharioudaki Anna , Korres Gerasimos
Published: February 2018

Abstract. Within the framework of the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS) an operational wave forecasting system for the Mediterranean Sea has been implemented by the Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR) and evaluated through a series of pre-operational tests and subsequently for one full year of simulations (2014). The system is based on the WAM model and it has been developed as a nested sequence of two computational grids to ensure that occasional remote swell propagating from the North Atlantic is correctly entering into the Mediterranean Sea through the Gibraltar Strait. The Mediterranean model has a grid spacing of 1/24°. It is driven with 6-hourly analysis and 5-days forecast 10 m ECMWF winds. It accounts for shoaling and refraction due to bathymetry and surface currents which are provided in off-line mode by CMEMS. Extensive statistics on the system performance have been calculated by comparing model results with in-situ and satellite observations. Overall, the significant wave height is accurately simulated by the model while less accurate but reasonably good results are obtained for the mean wave period. In both cases, the model performs optimally at offshore wave buoy locations and well-exposed Mediterranean sub-regions. Within enclosed basins and near the coast, unresolved topography by the wind and wave models and fetch limitations cause the wave model performance to deteriorate. Model performance is better in winter when the wave conditions are well-defined. On the whole, the new forecast system provides reliable forecasts. Future improvements include data assimilation and higher resolution wind forcing.
Supporting better decisions across the nexus of water, energy and food through earth observation data: case of the Zambezi basin
Authors: Gomo Fortune Faith , Macleod Christopher , Rowan John , Yeluripati Jagadeesh , Topp Kairsty
Published: February 2018

Abstract. The water–energy–food (WEF) nexus has been promoted in recent
years as an intersectional concept
designed to improve planning and regulatory decision-making across the three
sectors. The production and consumption of water, energy and food resources
are inextricably linked across multiple spatial scales (from the global to
the local), but a common feature is competition for land which through
different land management practices mediates provisioning ecosystem
services. The nexus perspective seeks to understand the interlinkages and
use systems-based thinking to frame management options for the present and
the future. It aims to highlight advantage and minimise damaging and
unsustainable outcomes through informed decisions regarding trade-offs
inclusive of economic, ecological and equity considerations.
Operationalizing the WEF approach is difficult because of the lack of
complete data, knowledge and observability – and the nature of the
challenge also depends on the scale of the investigation. Transboundary
river basins are particularly challenging because whilst the basin unit
defines the hydrological system this is not necessarily coincident with
flows of food and energy. There are multiple national jurisdictions and
geopolitical relations to consider. Land use changes have a profound
influence on hydrological, agricultural, energy provisioning and regulating
ecosystem services. Future policy decisions in the water, energy and food
sectors could have profound effects, with different demands for land and
water resources, intensifying competition for these resources in the future.
In this study, we used Google Earth Engine (GEE) to analyse the land cover
changes in the Zambezi river basin (1.4 million km2) from 1992 to 2015
using the European Space Agency annual global land cover dataset. Early
results indicate transformative processes are underway with significant
shifts from tree cover to cropland, with a 4.6 % loss in tree cover and a
16 % gain in cropland during the study period. The changes were found to
be occurring mainly in the eastern (Malawi and Mozambique) and southern
(Zimbabwe and southern Zambia) parts of the basin. The area under urban land
uses was found to have more than doubled during the study period gearing
urban centres increasingly as the foci for resource consumption. These
preliminary findings are the first step in understanding the spatial and
temporal interlinkages of water, energy and food by providing reliable and
consistent evidence spanning the local, regional, national and whole
transboundary basin scale.
Influence of milk thistle pressed parts on rats liver histology
Authors: Dočkalová Hana , Horký Pavel , Zeman Ladislav , Skládanka Jiří­
Published: February 2018

Milk thistle (Silybum marianum) is one of the best known and very often used herbs with positive effect on liver. The aim of this article was to study influence of addition of milk thistle pressed parts in feed ration on liver histology and weight increase of laboratory rats. The experiment was tested by 15 pieces of laboratory rats divided into 3 groups (A, B, C). The rats in first group (A) hade feed ration with addition of 10% milk thistle pressed parts, second group (B) hade feed ration with 20% and control group (C) hade feed ration without addition of milk thistle pressed parts. The silymarin content of pressed milk thistle seed was 26.2 mg/g. The aim of this article is to study influence of addition of milk thistle pressed parts in feed ration on liver histology and weight increase of laboratory rats. The hypothesis is that the feeding addition - milk thistle seed pressed parts has positive effect on weight performance and liver histology. Does the feeding addition have any effect on these health indicators? Does feeding of milk thistle seed pressed parts have any sense? In results, the groups with addition of milk thistle had significant bigger average gain increases than the control group. Histological results vary considerably among groups of rats. All rats in the control group had dystrophic liver with sinusoidal congestion. In most rats of the group A, the dystrophy was minimal without congestion. On the other hand, most of rats of the group B had liver dystrophy caused by large droplets steatosis with congestion. All rats in control group C were found to have significant dystrophy caused by steatosis. The results indicate rats receiving the addition of milk thistle pressed parts in their feed had a lower incidence of liver steatosis due to the hepatoprotective effects of silymarin.
Similarities of External Shocks responses of Armenia and Russia: SVAR Approach
Authors: Tumanyan Robert
Published: February 2018

The feasibility of EUAE countries to form a Monetary Union is analyzed. The paper uses SVAR methodology to examine impact of External Shocks to specific case of Armenia and Russia alongside with correlation analyses of responses. In this framework, empirical evidence allows to affirm that Armenia and Russia do not meet a criteria of Optimum currency area “similarities in external shock’s responses,” the results underline structural differences of economies and asymmetry in external shock’s responses, therefore EUEA countries are not ready for Monetary union, and deeper integration is needed.
Teachers’ Perceptions of the Communicative Language Approach at a Saudi University
Authors: Siddiqui Ozma , Asif Fariha
Published: February 2018

The Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) approach has been widely popular in foreign language classrooms for a number of decades, but in recent years some practitioners have begun questioning the technique which prioritizes fluency over accuracy. This paper aims to record the perceptions of teachers using CLT to teach English as a foreign language at a Saudi university. It will also take into consideration some of the pitfalls and make some recommendations. A total of 35 participants, all members of faculty took part in the study. A mixed methods approach was used to collect the data. A questionnaire provided the statistical data for the study and semi-structured interviews were used to gather qualitative data. The statistical information was run through the SPSS. The findings indicate that while a substantial number of teachers at this university find the CLT approach a useful way to teach English to homogenous groups of Arabic speaking students, there is a need to be eclectic and incorporate other approaches for effective teaching.
Development Projects and the Economic Displacement of Urban Micro-Enterprises in Nairobi City, Kenya
Authors: Kamakia Antony , Guoqing Shi , Zaman Mohammad
Published: February 2018

The 21st century has been much associated with globalization and infrastructure booms. These factors have led to accelerated urban renewal projects, tailored to accommodate urban growth in many Countries. For Kenya, numerous urban renewal projects are in the pipeline, under the auspices of blueprints such as the Nairobi Urban Transport Master Plan (2014-2030). Recently, Kenya has also upgraded its land acquisition and displacement framework to manage development projects with enormous land acquisition, among other reasons. The framework apportions different entitlements to both formal and informal PAPs displaced by development projects. The question, however, is the effectiveness of the framework, as concerns economic displacement of vulnerable informal micro-enterprises. This paper is a culmination of research undertaken on the displaced informal micro-enterprises during the expansion of outer ring road in Nairobi, Kenya. A sample of 210 of the 615 displaced micro-enterprises was selected using systematic random sampling. Both quantitative and qualitative research techniques are utilized. Results indicate that even though the project had adequate income and livelihood restoration components, they were non-prioritized hence negative impacts and outcomes to the dislocated micro-enterprises. The major recommendation is that Kenya should adopt resettlement with development where resettlement is carried out as a separate development project lasting more than ten years. Also, the micro-enterprise and DIDR frameworks can be strategically linked to deliver synergetic outputs. The international finance Institutions such as World Bank can also assist in the highlighted aspects, during this period when they are fortifying Country systems for DIDR across the World.
Beyond Good Intentions: Race Regimes, Racialisation, Immigrant Service Non-governmental Organizations (IS-NGOs) and Race-Class Reproductions in Canada
Authors: Chell Wanda Johnson , Kapoor Dip
Published: February 2018

Based on research conducted in a Parenting and Literacy Program (PLP) offered by an Immigrant Service-Non Governmental Organisation (IS-NGO) located in Alberta, Canada, a racialisation and race regimes framework is deployed to advance the proposition that IS-NGOs and their approach to programs and service provision encourage race-class inequalities and augment the contemporary race regime of multiculturalism in Canada. This is in/advertently achieved by selectively racializing im/migrants and reproducing class inequities through the adherence to neoliberal prescriptions (best practices) while claiming to settle, support and work for social justice for im/migrants. We explore the structures, ideas and power relations of an IS-NGO as a race regime and its’ race-class implications for perpetuating hierarchy’s which continue to define a Canadian colonial settler society. The purpose of this research is to stimulate renewal within IS-NGOs, as an exercise in critical reflexivity and to encourage changes at the organisational and employee/practitioner level, by fostering efforts to undermine, redirect and replace race regimes and class inequality in the interests of a still emergent democratic society and polity in Canada.
Morfodinâmica, transporte e proveniência do sistema praia - duna frontal recente entre Itarema e Camocim, litoral oeste do Ceará
Authors: Nascimento Junior Daniel Rodrigues do , Tossi Lola Natalia Camesi , Oliveira Viktor Ferreira de , Lucena Bruno Brandão de
Published: February 2018

O litoral oeste cearense entre Itarema e Camocim constitui-se num laboratório natural apropriado ao estudo recente da dinâmica sedimentar. A presença de obstáculos rochosos e hidrodinâmicos e a forte ação do vento efetivo permitem testar padrões de continuidade e inversão da deriva litorânea regional nas areias litorâneas. Este trabalho avaliou morfodinâmica, transporte e proveniência das areias do sistema praia - duna frontal através de estudo de campo, granulometria e petrografia de minerais pesados de amostras recentes coletadas na zona de espraiamento e nas cristas de dunas frontais incipientes no trecho mencionado. A diversidade morfológica do sistema aponta para o predomínio de esporões alongados segundo a deriva litorânea regional, a leste, e de praias anexadas sem interrupções com formas eólicas mais extensas, a oeste. Nas areias praiais, a granulometria para todo o intervalo (100 km) é concordante com deriva litorânea regional para oeste. Em trechos locais, ficou demonstrado que o bloqueio físico exercido pela descarga fluvial de grandes drenagens pode favorecer o transporte no sentido oposto. Nesses trechos, porém, as estatísticas da granulometria são frequentemente pobres, trazendo ressalvas à interpretação e ressaltando a necessidade de maior detalhamento espacial da amostragem. Os minerais pesados tem proveniência primária relacionada a rochas orto- e para-derivadas de alto grau em gnaisses migmatizados do Domínio Médio Coreaú, metatexitos da Unidade Canindé e migmatitos e paragnaisses da Unidade Independência, além de plutônicas do Maciço da Meruoca e corpos menores associados. O índice de proveniência (iRZ) indica diminuição da contribuição relativa das fontes metamórficas no sentido oeste. Já o índice de transporte (iTZ), que diminui no mesmo rumo, teria seu resultado influenciado pelo enriquecimento local renovado em zircão por desembocaduras de diferentes portes e/ou inversões locais na deriva litorânea.
Vulnerabilidade das praias do Estado de Santa Catarina a eventos de erosão e inundação costeira: proposta metodológica baseada em um índice multicritério
Authors: Serafim Mirela Barros , Bonetti Jarbas
Published: February 2018

A zona costeira do Estado de Santa Catarina (SC) encontra-se submetida a condições oceanográficas e meteorológicas transicionais. A passagem regular de frentes frias e a incidência de ventos de relativa intensidade condicionam a ocorrência de marés de tempestade (ondas extremas associadas a marés meteorológicas de grande amplitude), as quais podem resultar em eventos de inundação e erosão praial, causando danos materiais aos assentamentos costeiros. As praias arenosas são os ambientes predominantes ao longo da linha de costa de SC e possuem elevado valor social e econômico devido à variedade de serviços prestados e à alta densidade demográfica dos setores adjacentes. Desta forma, o estudo da vulnerabilidade costeira torna-se de grande relevância para fins de ordenamento da ocupação e estabelecimento de planos de mitigação para essas áreas. Este trabalho apresenta uma proposta metodológica para o mapeamento da vulnerabilidade costeira de SC frente a eventos extremos de ondas e marés a partir da elaboração de um índice multicritério aplicado através de um Sistema de Informações Geográficas. A vulnerabilidade foi obtida pela integração de dois submodelos: suscetibilidade (composto por variáveis do meio físico) e capacidade adaptativa (composto por variáveis socioeconômicas). Os maiores valores de vulnerabilidade foram encontrados em trechos centrais dos setores Norte e Centro-Norte e em segmentos isolados no setor Centro. Os fatores socioeconômicos apresentaram alta relevância para os grandes balneários do setor Centro-Norte (como os dos municípios de Balneário Camboriú, Itapema e Navegantes) onde, no geral, os graus de vulnerabilidade foram inferiores aos de suscetibilidade devido à alta capacidade adaptativa local. Por outro lado, os setores Sul e Centro-Sul, embora tenham apresentado capacidade adaptativa relativamente baixa, foram os menos vulneráveis, indicando que o cenário de baixa suscetibilidade foi mais condicionante nestas áreas.
Research on Technogene/Anthropocene in Brazil
Authors: França Junior Pedro , Korb Carina Cristiane , Brannstrom Christian
Published: February 2018

This research aims to present a bibliographical review of the research related to the Technogene /Anthropocene in Brazil. The methodology consisted of bibliographic search in academic Google and in university library sites. The research was categorized according to environment and the geomorphological process: alluvial deposits and accelerated erosion; mining; dam siltation; urban and coastal environments. Of more than 200 publications pertinent to the theme, twenty-nine were selected to be synthesized. The research highlighted the heterogeneity of the knowledge that has already been produced on the Technogene / Anthropocene in Brazil. They corroborate the idea of humans as geological agents, but each study situates the geologic agency of humans in an environment with intrinsic geographic characteristics that provide the technogenic variations in the surface and sub-surface.
The Interest Issues of Gifted Children
Authors: Bildiren Ahmet
Published: February 2018

Gifted and talented children show differences in many respects compared to normal developing children. It isexpected that these differences may also arise in daily life of all these children. In this research, it is aimed toinvestigate that whether the responses of three wishes questions of the gifted and talented and normal developingchildren differ or not. The sample of the study consisted of 54 gifted, 28 talented, and 46 normal developing children.Quantitative and qualitative research methods have been used together in the research. The main research questionwas as follows: "What would you wish if you had three wishes". Received responses were coded and analyzed bychi-square test according to the response types of children with gifted, talented, and normal developing children. As aresult of the research, it was determined that the answers given by the gifted, talented, and normal developingchildren to the three right wishes differed.
Overinvestment of Free Cash Flow and Manager’s Overconfidence
Authors: Moez EL Gaied , Amina Zgarni
Published: February 2018

The problem of over-investment of free cash flows has been heavily debated in the financial literature of companies. However, only a handful of studies have examined this problem in the context of behavioral finance. The objective of this article is to study the effect of the manager’s overconfidence on the over-investment of the free cash flows. We construct a proxy measure of overconfidence and we use Richardson’s model to measure over-investment expenditure. Our empirical study was conducted on a sample of 150 US companies and for a period from 1995 to 2012. Our results show a positive and significant relationship between over-investment and free cash flows. Also, we find the positive relationship is greater when managers are highly confident. The results generated by this study confirm that investment distortions are associated with behavioral attributes or biases.
The Role of Forensic Accounting in Maintaining Public Money and Combating Corruption in the Jordanian Public Sector
Authors: Khersiat Ola Mohammad
Published: February 2018

The present study aims at stating the role and responsibility of the forensic accountant in the public sector as well as the challenges he/she faces in the attempt to reduce and detect fraud and corruption. A questionnaire consisting of 39 items was distributed among (100) employees of audit offices and firms, and another (30) among workers of the Accountability Bureau as an external control body that audits government units and departments.After analyzing and testing the hypotheses using SPSS, results show that forensic accounting has a role in reducing fraud and corruption in the public sector, and that the difference between the profession of forensic accounting and external auditing is of importance. This indicates a strong conviction from the part of respondents regarding the role of forensic accounting in maintaining public money and combating corruption.
Gender Differences Towards Gender Equality: Attitudes and Perceptions Of College Students
Authors: Ramos-Galarza Carlos , Apolo Diego , Peña-García Sonia , Jadán-Guerrero Janio
Published: February 2018

In this article we describe a research project where the objective was to analyze attitudes toward gender equality among male and female university students in Quito, Ecuador. The study methods included both quantitative and qualitative phases, and the results were then integrated. In the first stage of the research, we used inferential statistics to analyze differences in attitudes towards gender equality among 75 men and 75 women. In a next phase, we used constructivist qualitative methods to analyze the narratives of 22 subjects participating in three focus groups. In the quantitative phase, we found a statistically significant difference when comparing attitudes toward gender equality between the two groups of participants, where women were more favorable toward gender equality. In the qualitative phase we identified a common narrative theme in which women felt that they were in an unfavorable situation in terms of gender relations. In addition, a category emerged that described an awareness and a desire on the part of women to change this situation. Finally, we discuss the findings from previous research as well as theoretical aspects of gender equality.
ASPECTS OF APPLYING PROTOTYPOLOGY TO TEXT TYPES
Authors: Tincheva Nelly
Published: February 2018

The notion of text type emerged as far back as Aristotelian times but it is still surroundedby considerable conceptual confusion. Due to the existence of multiple – and conflicting –viewpoints on the notion, the related term of text type is also characterized by multipleinterpretations. Seeking to propose a means of overcoming the ambiguity surroundingtext type, the present paper argues a case for the overt application of prototype theory tothe notion and term. In accordance with basic postulates of prototypology, the suggestionsput forward here are supported by results from a study involving actual users of the notionof text type. The study includes 28 linguists working in the field of text linguistics anddiscourse analysis. The general method adopted is cognitive as it coheres with (and evencan be argued to derive historically from) prototypology.
Bees of the genus Lasioglossum (Hymenoptera: Halictidae) from Greater Puerto Rico, West Indies
Authors: Gibbs Jason
Published: February 2018

The species of Lasioglossum from Greater Puerto Rico are reviewed. Nine species are recognized, including five new species described herein: Lasioglossum (Dialictus) genaroi sp. nov., L. (D.) dispersum sp. nov., L. (D.) enatum sp. nov., L. (D.) monense sp. nov. and L. (D.) amona sp. nov. The latter two are known only from Mona Island. Keys and images are provided to assist in identification. Details of nesting biology, floral hosts and distribution are provided where available. Three species, L. (D.) parvum (Cresson, 1865), L. (D.) busckiellum (Cockerell, 1915), and L. (D.) mestrei (Baker, 1906) are removed from the list of species for Puerto Rico. Details on their revised distribution are provided. Three new records for Haiti, L. (D.) gundlachii (Baker, 1906), L. (D.) ferrerii (Baker, 1906) and L. (D.) busckiellum are documented. Notes on other species in the Greater Antilles are provided, including the synonymy of Lasioglossum bruesi (Cockerell, 1912) and L. jamaicae (Ellis, 1914) under L. gemmatum (Smith, 1853).
El «Libro quinto de las prosas y versos del Arcadia» de Lope de Vega: una apoteosis emblemática sin imágenes
Authors: Bouzy Christian
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT: Recourse to emblematic expressive modes is a constant throughout the literary production of Lope de Vega. His pastoral romance Arcadia, especially, occupies a privileged position with regards to allusions and references to emblems, imprese and hieroglyphics (hieroglíficas), as Lope calls them on several occasions. In this respect, the end of the «Fifth Book of the Arcadia» constitutes an authentic emblematic construction with its description of twenty-one imprese painted on tablets in the Temple of Disillusionment (Templo del Desengaño), described by shepherds and shepherdesses on the occasion of an amorous disappointment endured in the course of their lives. This study analyzes the origin of those imprese and seeks to discern the different narrative, autobiographical, polemical and aesthetic functions that can accrue to this extremely long ekphrasis that concludes in an original manner a romance in which Lope included many elements not only from his own life, but also from that of his protector, the Fifth Duke of Alba. Finally, this homage to the cultural transcendence of Víctor Infantes de Miguel ends with a brief allusion to the pictographic seventeenth century vanitas titled «Et in Arcadia ego», by Giovanni Francesco Barbieri and Nicolás Poussin.

KEYWORDS: Víctor Infantes; Arcadia; Lope De Vega; Emblematics; Narrative Function.

RESUMEN: El recurso a los medios expresivos emblemáticos es una constante en toda la obra de Lope de Vega. La novela pastoril Arcadia, particularmente, ocupa un lugar privilegiado por lo que se refiere a las alusiones y referencias a emblemas, empresas y hieroglíficas según la misma palabra utilizada varias veces por Lope. En este aspecto, el fin del «Libro Quinto del Arcadia» constituye una auténtica construcción emblemática con la descripción de veintiuna empresas pintadas en tablas, en el Templo del Desengaño, por pastores y pastoras con motivo de un desengaño amoroso sufrido en su vida. El estudio examina el origen de aquellas empresas y trata de discernir las diferentes funciones narrativas, autobiográficas, polémicas y estéticas que pueda adquirir esta larguísima ekphrasis que termina de manera original una novela en la cual Lope puso muchos elementos tanto de su propia vida como de la vida de su protector, el Quinto Duque de Alba. Finalmente, una rápida alusión a las vanitas pictográficas del siglo XVII, tituladas «Et in Arcadia ego», de Giovanni Francesco Barbieri y Nicolás Poussin cierra este homenaje a la trascendencia cultural de Víctor Infantes de Miguel.

PALABRAS CLAVES: Víctor Infantes; Arcadia; Lope De Vega; emblemática; función narrativa.
The Imago Primi Saeculi Societatis Iesv (1640). Devotion, Politics and the Emblem.
Authors: Campa Pedro F.
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT: The Imago Primi Saeculi Societatis Iesv (1640) is, perhaps, the most beautiful book of emblems published by the Jesuits in the seventeenth century. The book is a festive commemoration offered by the priests and students of the Flemish-Belgian Province in celebration of the centenary of the founding of the Society of Jesus. The work includes 127 full-page emblems distributed throughout a total of 956 folio-sized pages that narrate and illustrate in emblematic fashion the foundation, development, vicisstitudes and achievements of the Socirty in its evangelical and pedagogical mission. From the moment of its publication, the Imago was the object of attacks by Huguenauts and Jansenists who criticized its haughtiness, grandiloquent language and the hyperbolic comparisons of the narration. Hidden behind this criticism were the reasons for the Jansenist offensive against the book. Probabilism, the supposed frivolous attitude towards confession and the frequency of communion, advocated by the Jesuits, was the object of a pair of insulting treatises directed against the Imago by the famous Jansenists Antoine Arnauld and Issac Louis le Maître de Sacy. The critics of the Imago maliciously ignored that the book's grandiloquent style, appropriate to a jubilation celebration, conforms to the language of classical rhetoric, thus perpetuating the propagandistic image of the book.

KEYWORDS: Imago Primi Saeculi; Society of Jesus; Flanders; Flemish-Belgian Province.

RESUMEN: El Imago Primi Saeculi Societatis Iesv (1640) es quizás el libro de emblemas más bello publicado por los jesuitas en el siglo XVII. El libro es una conmemoración festiva ofrecida por los sacerdotes y los escolares de la Provincia Flandro-Belga que celebra el centenario de la Compañía de Jesús. La obra contiene ciento veintisiete emblemas a plena página con un total de novecientas cincuenta y seis páginas en folio que narran e ilustran de manera emblemática la fundación, el desarrollo, las vicisitudes y los logros de la Compañía en su misión evangélica y docente. Desde su publicación, el Imago fue blanco de los ataques de hugonotes y jansenistas que criticaban la soberbia, el lenguaje grandilocuente, y las comparaciones hiperbólicas de la narrativa. Detrás de la crítica, se escondían las razones de la ofensiva jansenista hacia el libro. El probabilismo, la supuesta actitud frívola hacia la confesión, y la frecuencia de la comunión, aconsejada por los jesuitas, fueron objeto de sendos tratados injuriosos contra el Imago por parte de los famosos jansenistas Antoine Arnauld e Issac Louis le Maître de Sacy. Los críticos del Imago maliciosamente descontaron que el estilo grandilocuente del libro, propio del jubileo, se ajusta al lenguaje de la retórica clásica, perpetuando así la imagen propagandística del libro.

PALABRAS CLAVES: Imago Primi Saeculi; Compañía de Jesús; Flandes; Provincia Flandro-Bélgica.