bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluating transportability of overall survival estimates from US to UK populations receiving first-line treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Kent Seamus , Mpofu Philani , Duffield Stephen , Adam Jane , Beal Brennan , Royce Trevor J , Adamson Blythe , Kasturi Jyotsna , Sujenthiran Arun , Jónsson Páll
Published: December 2024

Objectives

The objective of this study is to explore how the UK versus the USA compare in patient characteristics, treatment patterns and overall survival (OS) of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (aNSCLC) initiating first-line (1L) treatment.

Design

Retrospective cohort study.

Setting

Oncology treatment centres in the USA and UK.

Participants

People in the USA and UK diagnosed with aNSCLC and treated in the 1L setting between 2016 and 2018. The US cohort was obtained from a nationwide electronic health record-derived deidentified database. The UK cohort information was derived from a published study exploring the patient characteristics, treatments and outcomes of people with aNSCLC in the UK.

Interventions

1L chemotherapy, immunotherapy monotherapy or targeted therapy.

Primary outcome measure

The primary outcome was OS—defined as the time from treatment initiation to death from any cause.

Results

There were 1003 patients in the UK and 3819 in the US cohorts receiving 1L therapy for aNSCLC. After standardising the US cohort to the UK cohort, median OS in the USA and UK was similar across 1L drug classes: chemotherapies (7.7 (95% CI 7.1 to 8.3) vs 8.1 (95% CI 7.4 to 8.9) months), immunotherapies (13.9 (95% CI 11.0 to 17.1) vs 14.0 (95% CI 10.7 to 20.6)) and targeted therapies (21.6 (95% CI 18.5 to 23.7) vs 20.2 (95% CI 16.0 to 30.5)). OS curves for 1L immunotherapy and targeted therapy were almost overlapping after standardisation. OS after around 12 months was higher in US patients compared with UK patients receiving 1L chemotherapy regimens. Of those receiving 1L chemotherapy, the proportion receiving any second-line therapy appeared higher for patients in the USA versus UK.

Conclusions

The results suggest that in aNSCLC patients receiving 1L treatment, US data have the potential to be used in technology evaluations to understand long-term OS where UK data are unavailable or sparse.
Decomposing rural-urban differences in depression prevalence: a cross-sectional analysis of two community-based southern Indian cohorts
Authors: Rai Pooja , Sahadevan Pravin , Issac Thomas G , Sundarakumar Jonas S
Published: December 2024

Introduction

Depression is a growing public health concern in India but its prevalence is uneven across the country, possibly influenced by several sociodemographic factors. We aimed to assess the rural-urban disparity in the prevalence of depression and their associated sociodemographic and lifestyle-related factors.

Methods

Participants were middle-aged and older adults (≥45 years) from two parallel, prospective cohorts from rural (CBR-SANSCOG, n=4493) and urban (CBR-TLSA, n=972) southern India. We used cross-sectional data from the baseline clinical and biochemical assessments of the above two cohorts. The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-30) was used to screen for depression (cut-off ≥10). Logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between place of residence (rural vs urban) and prevalence of depression, adjusting for age, sex, education, income, marital status, Body Mass Index (BMI), alcohol use, tobacco use and number of comorbidities. The Fairlie decomposition analysis was used to decompose the rural-urban disparity.

Results

We found that the prevalence of depression was significantly higher in rural than in urban participants (14.49% vs 8.23%, p<0.001). The fully adjusted binary logistic regression model showed that rural-dwelling individuals were 1.57 times more likely to have depression than urban residents (AOR: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.03, 2.39). In the decomposition analysis, the variables included in this model (age, sex, education, income, marital status, BMI, alcohol use, tobacco use and number of comorbidities) explained 35.21% of the rural-urban disparity in the prevalence of depression, with sex and marital status being the significant contributors.

Conclusion

Participants in our rural cohort had significantly higher odds for depression as compared to their urban counterparts, with sociodemographic factors playing a key role in this disparity. This underscores the need for scaling up mental health services in the rural communities of India including training primary healthcare providers to promptly identify and manage depression.
Psychophysiological biomarkers to assess the effectiveness of surface electromyography biofeedback as an alternative therapy to reduce chronic low back pain: protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Fazal Amaila , Ansari Basit , Noushad Shamoon , Ahmed Sadaf
Published: December 2024

The prevalence of chronic low back pain (CLBP) among the Pakistani population is reported to be as high as 78%, leading towards different physiological and psychosocial alterations, with the worst cases suffering from disabilities. This study protocol will be a randomised controlled trial designed to compare the effectiveness of biofeedback surface electromyography (sEMG) for CLBP in the Pakistani population. This will be a single-centre study to be conducted on patients with CLBP randomised into two groups, namely, Group A (intervention group) and Group B (control group) to receive biofeedback sEMG therapy as an intervention or no intervention, respectively. All participants will receive treatment for 8 weeks virtually. The primary and secondary outcomes will be assessed during the study, including the pain intensity and interference (Brief Pain Inventory), anxiety and depression (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI)), disability (The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI)) and quality of life. Further, physiological parameters, including altered cortisol levels, beta-endorphins and substance P, will also be measured. All outcomes will be assessed at baseline, immediately post-intervention and 3 months follow-up.
SAS macro programme for Bang’s Blinding Index to assess and visualise the success of blinding in randomised controlled trials
Authors: Qin Zongshi , Yu Yongpei , Gu Hongqiu , Shi Dongdong , Wang Zhen , Wu Jiani , Furukawa Toshiaki , Wu Yangfeng
Published: December 2024

This paper aims to present a Statistical Analysis Software (SAS) macro %BBIplus, offering estimation and visualisation methods for the Bang’s Blinding Index (BBI) for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) with various designs. We developed the SAS macro programme %BBIplus to facilitate the implementation of BBI. This user-friendly programme allows for easy and rapid estimation and visualisation of BBI across different scenarios, including pairwise comparison RCTs with two arms, double-dummy design RCTs with three arms and factorial design RCTs with four arms. The programme requires no pre-existing data set, and users only need to input the number of individuals of correct, uncertain or wrong guesses in each intervention or control group. We illustrate the functionality of %BBIplus using blinding assessment data from three previously published RCTs: BBR (adjunctive berberine reduces antipsychotic-associated weight gain and metabolic syndrome in patients with schizophrenia: a randomised controlled trial), SELECT-TDCS (the sertraline versus electrical current therapy for treating depression clinical study: results from a factorial, randomised controlled trial) and ELECT-TDCS (trial of electrical direct-current therapy versus escitalopram for depression) studies. The programme estimates the BBI for each arm, providing point estimates, 95% CI and associated p values. Additionally, %BBIplus can visualise the estimations through forest plots and make the judgement for the success of blinding easily and rapidly. This tool caters to the needs of clinical trial investigators, offering a comprehensive solution for estimating and visualising the blinding index under various RCT designs.
Use of shear wave velocity to assess Champlain marine clay fabric anisotropy
Authors: Torabipour Amin , Ethier Yannic , Karray Mourad
Published: December 2024

This paper investigates the anisotropic characteristics of Champlain marine clay soil using a combination of laboratory techniques. A modified oedometer cell with a piezoelectric ring actuator technique was used to measure shear wave velocity during consolidation stages. The axisymmetric design of the oedometer allowed for the determination of shear wave velocity in both the vertical and horizontal planes. The preliminary findings reveal that the sensitive marine clay is inherently anisotropic, with lower preconsolidation pressure for horizontally consolidated specimens and faster propagation of shear waves in the plane parallel to the bedding layer. High-precision strain gauges integrated into the consolidation ring were used to evaluate horizontal stress during the one-dimensional consolidation test. The ability to determine mean effective stress enables the normalization of shear wave velocities using this stress, providing more coherent empirical correlations in terms of shear wave velocity. Scanning electron microscopy was used to examine the microstructure of clay specimens, providing qualitative and quantitative insight into the restructuring and reorientation of clay platelets under consolidation stress. The consistency of the results through both micro and macro-scale analyses confirms the reliability of the experimental approach, highlighting its potential for future studies on the anisotropy of Champlain marine clay fabrics.
Integer Codes Correcting Single Errors and Detecting Double Adjacent Errors
Authors: Radonjic Aleksandar , Ristic Igor , Scepanovic Ivan
Published: December 2024

This paper presents two classes of integer codes called integer SEC-(DAED)[Formula: see text] codes and integer SEC-DAED codes. The first class of codes can correct all single errors and detect all double adjacent (DA) errors within a [Formula: see text]-bit byte, while the second class of codes has the ability to correct all single errors and detect all DA errors. Both classes of codes are defined over integer rings and are generated by computer search. To evaluate the performance of the proposed codes, we analyze the probability of incorrect decoding for different error rates. In addition, the paper shows that the proposed codes have a slightly higher redundancy than linear SEC-DAED codes, but also a much simpler decoding algorithm.
Titchmarsh theorems on Damek–Ricci spaces via moduli of continuity of higher order
Authors: Kumar Manoj , Kumar Vishvesh , Ruzhansky Michael
Published: December 2024

A classical theorem of Titchmarsh relates the [Formula: see text]-Lipschitz functions and decay of the Fourier transform of the functions. In this note, we prove the Titchmarsh theorem for Damek–Ricci space (also known as harmonic [Formula: see text] groups) via moduli of continuity of higher orders. We also prove an analogue of another Titchmarsh theorem which provides integrability properties of the Fourier transform for functions in the Hölder Lipschitz spaces.
Cybersecurity entity recognition model for IoT via hierarchical attention mechanism
Authors: Wu Chunwang , Liu Jiayong , Huang Cheng , Li Linxia
Published: December 2024

In the current landscape, the Internet of Things (IoT) finds its utility across diverse sectors, including finance, healthcare, and beyond. However, security emerges as the principal obstacle impeding the advancement of IoT. Given the intricate nature of IoT cybersecurity, traditional security protocols fall short when addressing the unique challenges within the IoT domain. Security strategies anchored in the cybersecurity knowledge graph present a robust solution to safeguard IoT ecosystems. The foundation of these strategies lies in the intricate networks of the cybersecurity knowledge graph, with Named Entity Recognition (NER) serving as a crucial initial step in its implementation. Conventional cybersecurity entity recognition approaches IoT grapple with the complexity of cybersecurity entities, characterized by their sophisticated structures and vague meanings. Additionally, these traditional models are inadequate at discerning all the interrelations between cybersecurity entities, rendering their direct application in IoT security impractical. This paper introduces an innovative Cybersecurity Entity Recognition Model, referred to as CERM, designed to pinpoint cybersecurity entities within IoT. CERM employs a hierarchical attention mechanism that proficiently maps the interdependencies among cybersecurity entities. Leveraging these mapped dependencies, CERM precisely identifies IoT cybersecurity entities. Comparative evaluation experiments illustrate CERM’s superior performance over the existing entity recognition models, marking a significant advancement in the field of IoT security.
A modified Lotka–Volterra equation for the investigation of competition between normal and cancer cells
Authors: Ghanbari Ahmad , Khordad Reza , Ghaderi-Zefrehei Mostafa
Published: December 2024

When two different groups of cells are placed next to each other, they compete with each other to get enough space to increase volume, and nutrients according to the kind and growth conditions. In order to further discuss the competition of normal and cancer cells in the human body, a modified Lotka–Volterra competition model is introduced to develop a symbiosis analysis model of cell groups. Lotka–Volterra equation is one of the mathematical models that is used to study the competition of these cell groups and has been applied to determine the dominant and recessive cell groups. In this work, we have modified this equation to obtain better results of cancer cells competition. Our obtained results show that by using the modified equation, the number of destroyed cells during the competition is also considered.
Holography and the Page curve of an evaporating black hole
Authors: Khodahami Amir A. , Azizi Azizollah
Published: December 2024

The Page curve exhibits a sharp peak at the Page time corresponding to a phase transition from an empty quantum extremal surface to a nonempty one. This study delves into the impact of this phase transition on the informational content of black hole radiation through constructing a smooth Page curve which represents a gradual transition instead. We utilize replica trick, apply holography in a specific form, and introduce mathematical identities inherent to the curve’s smoothness. Our results suggest that a gradual transition could lead to a significant increase in the informational content of the radiation.
On a class of exact arbitrarily differentiable de Sitter cores with Kerr exteriors: Possible gravastar or regular black hole mimickers
Authors: Ilijić Saša , DeBenedictis Andrew
Published: December 2024

Within the paradigm of nonperturbative Einstein gravity we study continuous curvature manifolds which possess de Sitter interiors and Kerr exteriors. These manifolds could represent the spacetime of rotating gravastars or other similar black hole mimickers. The scheme presented here allows for a [Formula: see text] metric transition from the exactly de Sitter interior to the exactly Kerr exterior, with n arbitrarily large. Generic properties that such models must possess are discussed, such as the changing of the topology of the ergosphere from [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text]. It is shown how in the outer layers of the transition region (the “atmosphere” as it is often called in astrophysics) the dominant/weak and strong energy conditions can be respected. However, much like in the case of its static spherically symmetric gravastar counterpart, there must be some assumptions imposed in the atmosphere for the energy conditions to hold. These assumptions turn out to not be severe. The class of manifolds presented here is expected to possess all the salient features of the fully generic case. Strictly speaking, a number of the results are also applicable to the locally anti-de Sitter core scenario, although we focus on the case of a positive cosmological constant.
Stability analysis of a stochastic discrete pest-natural enemy model with integrated pest management strategy
Authors: Zhu Shimei , Liu Bing , Liu Meiyu , Qi Haokun
Published: December 2024

The successive generations of many species in nature are non-overlapping, and the data of biological samples is usually collected in discrete time, so using discrete-time models can better describe population changes. Pest control is an important part of agricultural production safety and ecological environment protection, but the process will be affected by environmental white noise. On the one hand, fluctuations in temperature can lead to variations in the density of pest and natural enemy populations. On the other hand, the effects of pesticides to pests are also influenced by white noise. Based on these, a stochastic discrete pest-natural enemy model with white noise and integrated pest management is established. Firstly, we discuss the stability of the equilibria of its corresponding deterministic discrete pest-natural enemy model. Secondly, based on the criterion of asymptotically mean-square stability of the zero solution of the general linear stochastic discrete model, sufficient conditions are obtained for the equilibria of the stochastic discrete pest-natural enemy model to be stable in probability. Then the numerical simulations are used to confirm the applications of the theoretical results and to discuss the effects of important parameters on the extinction of pest population. Finally, considering that white noise mainly affects the growth rate and mortality rate of pest and natural enemy populations, an improved stochastic discrete pest-natural enemy model is established, and we discuss the effects of the perturbation intensity of white noise on the persistence and extinction of population.
Types of irreducible divisor graphs of noncommutative domains
Authors: Naser A. , Abdel-Khalek R. E. , Salem R. M. , Hassanein A. M.
Published: December 2024

In this paper, we introduce the notions of the directed, undirected, compressed directed, and compressed undirected irreducible divisor graphs [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] of a nonzero nonunit [Formula: see text] in a noncommutative atomic domain [Formula: see text], respectively. In light of these notions, we identify the corresponding characterizations of the normal unique factorization domain (n-UFD). Moreover, we study the connection between the kinds of directed and undirected irreducible divisor graphs and an n-FFD. Consequently, these characterizations generalize the results of Coykendall and Maney [Irreducible divisor graphs, Comm. Algebra 35(3) (2007) 885895] and Axtell et al. [Irreducible divisor graphs and factorization properties of domains, Comm. Algebra 39(11) (2011) 41484162] to the noncommutative setting.
Sparse recovery with fusion frames and bounded orthonormal systems
Authors: Choe Chol-Guk , Pak Song-Chan
Published: December 2024

In this paper, we consider the recovery of fusion frame sparse signals from incomplete structured measurements. This signal has energy only in a few subspaces of the fusion frame. The sufficient condition for uniform recovery of fusion frame sparse signal is a fusion restricted isometry property (FRIP) which is the fusion frame version of restricted isometry property (RIP) in the standard compressed sensing (CS) settings. Different classes of random matrices are well known to satisfy FRIP, but such matrices do not possess any structure that emerged from the practical sensing systems. In this paper, we give the theoretical results to bridge this gap by proving that a random sampling matrix associated with a bounded orthonormal system satisfies the FRIP with high probability. In detail, we established the uniform recovery guarantees for fusion frames and structured measurements, which may be the beginning of practical applications relating to the fusion frame sparse signal model.
Error bounds of Approximate Weak Rescaled Pure Greedy Algorithms
Authors: Jiang Bing , Ye Peixin , Li Wan , Lu Man
Published: December 2024

We study the greedy algorithms for [Formula: see text]-term approximation. We propose a modification of the Weak Rescaled Pure Greedy Algorithm (WRPGA) — Approximate Weak Rescaled Pure Greedy Algorithm (AWRPGA) — with respect to a dictionary of a Banach space [Formula: see text]. By using a geometric property of the unit sphere of [Formula: see text], we obtain a general error estimate in terms of some [Formula: see text]-functional. This estimate implies the convergence condition and convergence rate of the AWRPGA. Furthermore, we obtain the corresponding error estimate for the Vector Approximate Weak Rescaled Pure Greedy Algorithm (VAWRPGA). We show that the AWRPGA (VAWRPGA) performs as well as the WRPGA (VWRPGA) when the noise amplitude changes relatively little. Finally, by using the wavelet bases and trigonometric system of Lebesgue spaces, we show that the convergence rate of the AWRPGA is optimal.
ASAP-DTA: Predicting drug-target binding affinity with adaptive structure aware networks
Authors: Ding Weibin , Jiang Shaohua , Xu Ting , Lyu Zhijian
Published: December 2024

The prediction of drug-target affinity (DTA) is crucial for efficiently identifying potential targets for drug repurposing, thereby reducing resource wastage. In this paper, we propose a novel graph-based deep learning model for DTA that leverages adaptive structure-aware pooling for graph processing. Our approach integrates a self-attention mechanism with an enhanced graph neural network to capture the significance of each node in the graph, marking a significant advancement in graph feature extraction. Specifically, adjacent nodes in the 2D molecular graph are aggregated into clusters, with the features of these clusters weighted according to their attention scores to form the final molecular representation. In terms of model architecture, we utilize both global and hierarchical pooling, and assess the performance of the model on multiple benchmark datasets. The evaluation results on the KIBA dataset show that our model achieved the lowest mean squared error (MSE) of 0.126, which is a 0.5% reduction compared to the best-performing baseline method. Additionally, to validate the generalization capabilities of the model, we conduct comparative experiments on regression and binary classification tasks. The results demonstrate that our model outperforms previous models in both types of tasks.
F-Diophantine sets over finite fields
Authors: Yip Chi Hoi , Yoo Semin
Published: December 2024

Let [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] be an odd prime power, and [Formula: see text] be a polynomial. An [Formula: see text]-Diophantine set over a finite field [Formula: see text] is a set [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text] is a square in [Formula: see text] whenever [Formula: see text] are distinct elements in [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we provide a strategy to construct a large [Formula: see text]-Diophantine set, provided that [Formula: see text] has a nice property in terms of its monomial expansion. In particular, when [Formula: see text], our construction gives a [Formula: see text]-Diophantine tuple over [Formula: see text] with size [Formula: see text], significantly improving the [Formula: see text] lower bound in a recent paper by Hammonds–Kim–Miller–Nigam–Onghai–Saikia–Sharma.
Ranks of 1-motives as dimensions of Ext1 vector spaces
Authors: Nesa Nicola
Published: December 2024

In this paper, we reformulate the ranks that appear in the dimension formula for the linear space of periods of a [Formula: see text]-motive established by Huber and Wüstholz in a more conceptual and categorical way, as dimensions of Ext1 vector spaces. This constitutes the first step towards rewriting the dimension formula purely in general categorical terms, rather than through definitions and computations introduced ad hoc for [Formula: see text]-motives.
The Effect of Cu Doping on Structural Distortions and Oxygen Vacancies in SrFeO3−δ
Authors: Xie Dong , Wu YiRen , Hou HengJian , Lu ZeYi , Wang Chang Yang , Liu Min , Xia Yan Fang
Published: December 2024

This study utilized XRD and Mössbauer spectroscopy to investigate the effects of copper ion doping on the structural properties and oxygen vacancies of [Formula: see text] perovskite oxides. XRD analysis confirmed that all samples maintained a single-phase perovskite structure, with a decrease in lattice constants and contraction of unit cell volumes as copper doping increased. Mössbauer spectroscopy indicated that increased copper doping caused a transition in the valence state of iron ions from [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text], along with significant distortions in the Fe–O bond environment, reflecting local structural changes. The introduction of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] ions increased oxygen vacancies, disrupting charge balance and ion radius compatibility, which in turn exacerbated lattice distortions. Iodometric titration further corroborated the rise in oxygen vacancies with higher copper content, offering important theoretical insights for advancing [Formula: see text] based materials in energy conversion and storage applications.
Influence of Structural Configurations, Boundary Conditions, and Atomic Number on the Curie Transition Temperature of Bulk Cobalt: A Monte Carlo Simulation Study
Authors: Trong Dung Nguyen , Quoc Tuan Tran , Ţălu Ştefan
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the impact of structural configurations, boundary conditions, and atomic number on the Curie transition temperature ([Formula: see text] of bulk cobalt (Co) utilizing Monte Carlo simulations. The analysis reveals that the Curie temperature increases as the structure transitions from a simple cubic (SC) to a body-centered cubic (BCC), hexagonal close-packed (HCP), and face-centered cubic (FCC) configuration. The SC structure, exhibiting the lowest [Formula: see text], serves as the reference for evaluating these influencing factors. The study also demonstrates that nonperiodic boundary conditions yield the lowest [Formula: see text] compared to periodic ones. Additionally, an increase in the number of atoms from 4000 to 108,000 under nonperiodic boundary conditions correlates with an increase in [Formula: see text]. These findings are consistent with experimental data and provide a foundational basis for researchers involved in the synthesis and application of bulk Co in devices, biomedical applications at room temperature, and emerging technologies.
Fluid–Structure Interaction Analysis of Tsunamis Generated by the Falling Impact of Rigid Objects
Authors: Hwang Taegeon , Seo Minjang , Kim Taeyoon , Kang Choonghyun , Lee Woo-Dong
Published: December 2024

This study investigated the hydrodynamic characteristics associated with the shape and descent height of falling objects, focusing on the generation, propagation, and deformation of landslide-generated tsunamis (LGTs). It also examined the run-up, wave pressure, and wave force against a simplified dam model through numerical analysis using LS-DYNA based on fluid–structure interactions. The initial wave is characterized by a drastic increase in the water-surface elevation owing to the falling impact, followed by a secondary wave induced by the ascent of the displaced air mass. Objects with a low shape ratio produce a concentrated impact load that generates LGT waves with high amplitudes, strong nonlinearity, and asymmetry. These highly nonlinear waves gradually transform into stable waveforms, balancing the dispersion and nonlinearity as they propagate. When the shape ratio of the falling object reaches 2.04, the run-up height at the vertical wall peaks, and the hydrodynamic pressure distributed over higher positions increases, which shifts the fluid force application point and significantly increases the moment. Consequently, for gravity dam designs accounting for the LGT wave pressure, a trapezoidal cross-section with a wider base is essential to enhance structural stability, considering that the dam must withstand shear forces and moments that exceed those generated under hydrostatic pressure. This study identifies the critical conditions under which LGTs pose the greatest risk and emphasizes the need to consider nonlinear wave interactions in engineering calculations for dam design and reinforcement strategies.
A Failure Mechanism Seen After the February 6th, 2023 Kahramanmaraş Earthquake Sequence, Buckling of Compression Reinforcement in RC Beams
Authors: Aras Fuat
Published: December 2024

Two catastrophic earthquakes occurred in the Eastern Anatolian Fault Zone on February 6, 2023, in the city Kahramanmaraş in Türkiye and directly affected the Eastern and South-Eastern Anatolia regions, where 15 million people live. These earthquakes are among the most destructive earthquakes in the history of Türkiye and destroyed both old and new structures. While many studies have been conducted to report the caused damage in the existing building stock, common damage is worth in-depth discussion since it was observed in the seismic code-compliant new buildings. This damage is the buckling of compression reinforcement (BCR) in reinforced concrete beams. In this study, the observed damage mechanism has been evaluated with the design requirement of the recent seismic codes of Türkiye. The principles of anti-buckling design requirements in literature were searched and a certain deficiency in the codes was revealed. The outcomes of the study have been applied to an existing newly constructed reinforced concrete building that experienced BCR damage in its beam. It has been demonstrated that beams designed according to Türkiye’s recent seismic codes may fail to reach the ductility level specified in the literature due to buckling of their compression bars under extreme loading.
Tunnel Magneto-Resistance of Double-Barrier Magnetic Tunnel Junctions with a Central Ferrimagnet Layer Including Spin–Orbit Coupling
Authors: Ghobadi Nader , Moradi Seyed Ali Hosseini , Daqiq Reza
Published: December 2024

Tunnel magneto-resistance (TMR) ratio is studied in double-barrier magnetic tunnel junctions with a central ferrimagnet layer (DBMTJs-FI). The effects of spin–orbit coupling (SOC) within the FI layer on the TMR ratio are also taken into account. A tight-binding model is applied to compute transmission function by the nonequilibrium Green’s function method. A higher TMR ratio is found for the DBMTJs-FI compared to that for the DBMTJs with a central ferromagnet layer (DBMTJs-F) in the absence of the SOC. Therefore, a novel application for the FIs is presented by these findings in the field of spintronics.
Analysis of Output Performance Measures of Coating in EDM by Non-Dominated Sorting Using Pareto Front
Authors: Mazarbhuiya Rashed Mustafa , Deka Sushmita , Rahang Maneswar , Veeman Dhinakaran
Published: December 2024

This experimental work presents a study of parametric effects during pattern generation under the reverse EDM process. A user-defined pattern is created on aluminum (Al) 6061 surface. The particles are deposited to the work surface using a green compact powder metallurgy (PM) tool. The deposition process is carried out by transferring tungsten (W) and copper (Cu) particles at the chosen region on the Al-6061 surface. The influence of pulse on-time (T[Formula: see text] is observed on the output responses i.e., TWR, MDR, Ra and ED of the generated pattern. The experimental results show the significant effects of Ton on the output parameters. A multi-objective optimization is carried out using nondominated sorting based on the Pareto front followed by evaluating the fitness to identify the optimal output combination corresponding to the input parameters. All output parameters are assigned equal weightage. Several output combinations are evaluated, yielding an optimal Ton of 1000[Formula: see text] [Formula: see text]s for combinations such as ‘MDR and Ra’, ‘MDR and ED’, ‘TWR and Ra’, ‘TWR, MDR and ED’, ‘TWR, MDR and Ra’ and ‘TWR, MDR, Ra and ED’. Conversely, an optimal Ton of 21[Formula: see text] [Formula: see text]s is identified for the combination ‘TWR, Ra and ED,’ while a Ton of 100[Formula: see text] [Formula: see text]s is determined as optimal for the combination ‘TWR and ED’. At Ton of 1000[Formula: see text] [Formula: see text]s, TWR of 538.1[Formula: see text]mg/min, MDR of 159[Formula: see text]mg/min, Ra of 5.2[Formula: see text] [Formula: see text]m and ED of 76.89[Formula: see text] [Formula: see text]m is obtained. Similarly, at Ton of 21[Formula: see text] [Formula: see text]s, TWR of 130.2[Formula: see text]mg/min, MDR of 19.4[Formula: see text]mg/min, Ra of 4.30[Formula: see text] [Formula: see text]m and ED of 29.35[Formula: see text] [Formula: see text]m is obtained. At Ton of 100[Formula: see text] [Formula: see text]s, TWR of 328.2[Formula: see text]mg/min, MDR of 42.9[Formula: see text]mg/min, Ra of 5.20[Formula: see text] [Formula: see text]m and ED of 37.83[Formula: see text] [Formula: see text]m is obtained. The surface topography is displayed by FESEM and EDS investigations, which also validate the material transfer to the work surface.
Sampling Strategies for Efficient Segmentation and Object Detection of 3D Point Clouds
Authors: Hu Qingyong
Published: December 2024

A key aspect of efficient point cloud processing is sampling, which significantly reduces computational overhead, memory requirements, and redundancy. In this paper, we first present a comprehensive review and in-depth analysis of existing representative heuristic-based and learning-based sampling methods, highlighting their merits and limitations. Subsequently, we introduce an efficient semantic segmentation method and an object detection method for large-scale 3D point clouds containing millions of points, with the point cloud sampling strategy serving as a crucial component. Through a detailed examination of the RandLA-Net and IA-SSD algorithms, we aim to provide valuable insights for future research and development in this domain. Our overarching goal is to advance the efficiency, accuracy, and scalability of point cloud processing techniques, ultimately benefiting a wide range of applications across various domains.
Clinical Features of Long COVID Patients Coinfected With Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Authors: Zhu Xiaodan , Li Yanhua , Wang Jinghua , Gao Weifei
Published: December 2024

Background: Since the SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic, many patients have suffered prolonged complications, called “long COVID.” Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a common respiratory pathogen. Reports of simultaneous long COVID and M. pneumoniae infections are rare in the literature.

Methods: We analyzed the clinical data of patients with long COVID‐19 who visited the Respiratory Clinic of The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University between January 1 and January 31, 2023, together with their laboratory and radiographic findings, with Pearson’s χ2 test.

Results: Fifty‐two patients diagnosed with both long COVID and M. pneumoniae infection and 77 with long COVID only were compared. The ages, clinical symptoms, and comorbidities of the two groups did not differ significantly (p > 0.05). However, sex and imaging findings differed between the groups.

Conclusions: Our study showed that long COVID–M. pneumoniae coinfection was more commonly seen in females and patients with typical chest computed tomography (CT) images.
New Advanced Trigonometric Modeling of COVID‐19 Cases in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Khogeer Hazar A. , Alrumayh Amani
Published: December 2024

Background: COVID‐19 has posed substantial challenges to healthcare systems globally, emphasizing the need for robust epidemiological tracking, particularly in regions like Saudi Arabia where distinct variations in case rates necessitate specialized public health strategies.

Aims and Objectives: This study aims to identify the most effective model for predicting COVID‐19 trends by analyzing daily time‐to‐event case data across six Saudi regions. The goal is to enhance resource allocation and intervention strategies by gaining a deeper understanding of the epidemic’s dynamics and developing a reliable method for early detection of trend changes to prompt timely public health actions.

Research Gap: Previous studies have predominantly utilized simpler statistical models such as log‐normal, Gamma, and Weibull distributions, which often fall short in accurately describing the complex behaviors of COVID‐19 case distributions, particularly during peak times and periods of periodicity. This study addresses these shortcomings by employing advanced trigonometrically enhanced models.

Methodology: To model daily time‐to‐event COVID‐19 case data from various regions in Saudi Arabia spanning 2020 to 2023, we employed the new trigonometric Weibull distribution from the new trigonometric‐generated P‐class of distributions. Our methodological approach included a comprehensive model validation process, utilizing a comparative analysis across seven distinct estimation techniques. Maximum likelihood estimation proved to be the most effective overall. We also adapted specific classical estimation techniques to fit the unique epidemiological characteristics of each region: Cramer von Mises estimation for Abu ‘Urwah, Al‐Aridah, and Al Bada’I; Anderson–Darling estimation for Abha; maximum product spacing estimation for Ad Dammam; and maximum likelihood estimation for Abu ‘Arish. This tailored approach allowed for a detailed analysis of regional data, enhancing the accuracy and relevance of our modeling outcomes.

Conclusions: The new trigonometric Weibull distribution effectively modeled daily COVID‐19 cases across various regions in Saudi Arabia, demonstrating superior fit and capturing complex epidemic dynamics. This study highlights the new trigonometric Weibull distribution distribution’s capability to detect significant trends and periodic fluctuations, enhancing public health response strategies. Its successful application underscores the value of advanced trigonometric models in epidemiological research and pandemic management.
A New Heavy‐Tailed Lomax Model With Characterizations, Applications, Peaks Over Random Threshold Value‐at‐Risk, and the Mean‐of‐Order‐P Analysis
Authors: Khan M. I. , Aljadani Abdussalam , Mansour Mahmoud M. , Abd Elrazik Enayat M. , Hamedani G. G. , Yousof Haitham M. , Shehata Wahid A. M.
Published: December 2024

In this work, a new heavy‐tailed Lomax model is proposed for the reliability and actuarial risk analysis. Simulations are conducted to investigate how the estimators behave. Parameters are derived through maximum likelihood estimation techniques. The efficacy of the newly proposed heavy‐tailed Loma distribution is illustrated using the USA indemnity loss datasets. The findings clearly indicate that the new loss model offers a superior parametric fit compared to other competing distributions. Analyzing metrics such as value‐at‐risk, tail mean variance, tail variance, peaks over a random threshold value‐at‐risk (PORT‐VAR), and the mean‐of‐order‐P (MOP(P)) can aid in risk assessment and in identifying and describing significant events or outliers within the USA indemnity loss. This research introduces PORT‐VAR estimators tailored specifically for risk analysis using the USA indemnity loss dataset. The study emphasizes determining the optimal order of P based on the true mean value to enhance the characterization of critical events in the dataset.
Past into Present into Future
Authors: Lethbridge Stefanie
Published: December 2024

Richard Tottel’s collection Songes and Sonettes (1557), later renamed Tottel’s Miscellany, is the first extant anthology of English lyrics. The collection is, on the one hand, an important beginning for the English national lyric tradition, but it is also, centrally, a document of transition. This article will sketch the position of the Miscellany as simultaneously looking back to medieval models of poetry and looking forward to the New Poetry of the Elizabethan period and as staging the transition from the manuscript publication to print publication of poetry, thus interweaving the national with specific media affordances of the new print medium. The collection does much more than establish a starting point for an emerging national canon of lyric poetry though. Centrally, it performs the merge between the personal and the national which became foundational for the anthology format long-term. And finally, the varying treatment of Tottel’s Miscellany in literary criticism positions the collection as a site that negotiates critical practice and aesthetic preferences of and for the different ages of its reception.
Anthologische Autorschaft und Kollektionspoetik in Martin Opitz’ Florilegium variorum epigrammatum (1639)
Authors: Robert Jörg
Published: December 2024

This article examines the role of collections and anthologies in the work of Martin Opitz (1597–1639). In order to distinguish between different functions of anthological authorship and ‘collection poetics’, it introduces three categories auctor – collector – editor and discusses them using examples from Opitz’s works: In the case of the Teutsche Poemata (Collection A), Julius W. Zincgref exploits the role of auctor, which Opitz regains with his Breslau Collection B. Bernhard Nüßler presents himself in the Silvae as the legitimate editor of Opitz’ Latin poems. In the two volumes of the Florilegium variorum epigrammatum (Danzig 1639), Opitz himself – following his teacher Elias Cüchler – collects and translates Greek and Latin epigrams from antiquity and the early modern period. The anthology seeks to demonstrate the linguistic richness of German by comparing it with the ancient languages. Through its chronological order (from antiquity to modern times) the Florilegium becomes an anthological literary history that includes both literary and inscriptional epigrams.
Anthologisierung und Deanthologisierung
Authors: Ramtke Nora
Published: December 2024

The article is dedicated to practices of anthologisation and de-anthologisation, that is the compilation and publication of anthologies that serve as the starting point for subsequent editions of poetry. Just like anthologies, author- or genre-centred collections based on anthologies play an important role within literary historiography and the positioning in the literary field. Departing from this thesis, the article examines the prerequisites and editorial strategies as well as the historical and discursive position of Gottsched’s edition of Benjamin Neukirch’s selected poems Auserlesene Gedichte, printed in 1744. This edition, which is largely based on the epoch-making anthology Herrn von Hoffmannswaldau und andrer Deutschen auserlesene und bißher ungedruckte Gedichte (1695–1727), provides ex negativo evidence of the functions of anthologies in the formation of literary-historical thought in the early eighteenth century.
Nationalpoesie durch Übersetzung
Authors: Leyh Valérie
Published: December 2024

When Michael Huber published his anthology Choix de poésies allemandes in 1766, French readers were just discovering German literature. This article illustrates the extent to which this anthology was part of a transnational network. Firstly, it shows which preparatory work and collaborations Huber drew on, before turning to the German and Italian reception of this collection. In this context, the writings of Jakob Friedrich von Bielfeld and Aurelio de’ Giorgi Bertola are also taken into account. It thus becomes clear that a national poetry can emerge precisely through the publication and dissemination of translations, and that even national thinking and cosmopolitan views go hand in hand.
Sunnah-Based Proofs of Prophet Muhammed’s Truthful Prophethood in Dawah to Non-Muslims Discourse: Islamic Information Center as a Case Study
Authors: Khamis Ibrahim Elshahat Mohamed , Ahmadi Ramchahi Abdollatif , Ahmad Shah Faisal
Published: December 2024

This research examines how preachers at the Islamic Information Center in Dubai use rational proofs based on Shamāʾil (the characteristics of Prophet Muhammad) and Dalāʾil An-Nubuwah (proofs of his prophethood) to engage non-Muslims and new Muslims. The objective was to identify the most effective proofs within these approaches and evaluate the need for structured daʾwah methodologies. Using Creswell’s qualitative methodology, the study involved analyzing interviews with preachers through open coding, axial coding, and thematic analysis. The findings highlight that moral perfection (Shamāʾil) and the Qurʾan’s linguistic and scientific miracles (Dalāʾil) are the most impactful proofs for daʾwah. Preachers emphasized the importance of tailoring their approach – using moral arguments for general audiences and intellectual proofs for educated ones. The research also revealed a strong need for structured methodologies to enhance daʾwah effectiveness. These insights provide a clear framework for improving daʾwah by focusing on key rational proofs and audience-specific strategies.
Tradisi Perayaan Khatam Al-Qurʾan Pada Masyarakat Muslim Bugis-Makassar, Indonesia: dari Resepsi ke Sikap Moderat
Authors: Alwi. HS Muh. , Parninsih Iin , Nurmansyah Ihsan
Published: December 2024

The goal of this essay is to explain the moderate views of Mappanre Temme, an Indonesian Qurʾanic celebration custom common in Bugis-Makassar, South Sulawesi. Here, Mappanre Temme is viewed as a phenomenon of the Bugis-Makassar Muslim community’s reception or acceptance of the Qurʾan, and it is examined via a phenomenological-philosophical lens. Interviews, observations, documentation, and the examination of relevant documents were used to gather data and information. The article’s findings indicate that, like the Mappanre Temme custom, local Islamic traditions that have developed and endured to this day demonstrate their presence and serve as a symbol of moderate religious beliefs within local Muslim communities. Six elements of religious moderation can be found in this tradition: (1) Acknowledgment of Islam and the local culture; (2) Professionalism and awareness; (3) Alignment with the agreement; (4) Values and meanings in the preparations and components of the tradition; (5) Cohesion; and (6) Tradition flexibility in adjusting space and time. The conclusions of this paper had a major impact on the regional Islamic tradition, serving as a foundational idea for the development of a moderate religious outlook ingrained in Indonesian ethnic culture.
Developing a Framework for a Qurʾānic-Based Lifelong Learning Module for the Elderly
Authors: Nik Abdullah Nik Md Saiful Azizi , Nordin Ossman , Abdullah Ahmad Najib Bin
Published: December 2024

This study presents a comprehensive framework for a Qurʾānic-based lifelong learning module specifically tailored for the elderly. Grounded in Islamic principles, the module aims to enhance spiritual growth and knowledge retention among elderly participants by aligning educational content with the teachings of the Qurʾān and Ḥadīth. The research methodology integrates a qualitative approach, combined with an extensive literature review and a thematic analysis of interviews with participants involved in the Bustan ʿIlm module. The findings highlight key criteria for effective lifelong learning, which include the necessity to accommodate unique physical, cognitive, and emotional needs of elderly learners. The proposed framework is designed to foster an inclusive, spiritually enriched learning environment that respects and honour the elderly, promoting active participation in their continuous pursuit of knowledge.