bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Education and Residential Environment on Long-Term Waste Management Behavior in the Context of Sustainability
Authors: Saseanu Andreea Simona , Gogonea Rodica-Manuela , Ghita Simona Ioana , Zaharia Radu Şerban
Published: July 2019

Currently, the problem of waste reduction is a permanent concern for all countries of the world, given the need to ensure the sustainability development. In this context, the research aims to highlight the impact of education and demographic factors by residence areas on the long-term behavior of the amount of waste generated in 29 European countries during 2013–2017. The study is based on statistical and econometric modeling aimed at identifying, testing and analyzing the existence of long-term correlation between the amount of waste per capita recorded in each country and four factors of influence considered significant for waste reduction: Pupils and students by education level and Classroom teachers and academic staff by education level, representing exogenous variables which quantify the educational outcomes, as well as The population by degree of urbanization (cities, rural areas), as demographic factors. As a result of an analysis based on correlation and regression method, a cointegration relationship between the analyzed variables was identified. Considering the amount of waste as an important component of the environmental pressure, the obtained results show the significant long-term effect that education and the demographic factor can have on its long-lasting behavior, as well as the ways through which these factors can act to strengthen sustainability.
Toward a New Field of Global Engineering
Authors: Thomas Evan
Published: July 2019

The Engineer’s role in addressing global poverty challenges has often been confined to village and community-scale interventions, product design and development, or large-scale infrastructure design and construction. Yet despite fifty years of these approaches, over half the world’s population still lives on less than $5.50 a day, the global burden of disease in low-income countries is overwhelmingly attributable to environmental health contaminants, and climate change is already negatively affecting people in developing countries. The conventional community, product or infrastructure focuses of development engineering is insufficient to address these global drivers that perpetuate poverty. The emerging field of Global Engineering can work to identify and address these structural issues. Global Engineering should be concerned with the unequal and unjust distribution of access to basic services such as water, sanitation, energy, food, transportation and shelter, and place an emphasis on identifying the drivers, determinants and solutions favoring equitable access. Technology development and validation, data collection and impact evaluation can contribute to evidence-based influence on policies and practice. Global Engineering envisions a world in which everyone has safe water, sanitation, energy, food, shelter and infrastructure, and can live in health, dignity, and prosperity.
The Effects of Extreme Heat Adaptation Strategies under Different Climate Change Mitigation Scenarios in Seoul, Korea
Authors: Park Chae Yeon , Lee Dong Kun , Hyun Jung Hee
Published: July 2019

The impacts of extreme heat in Seoul, Korea, are expected to increase in frequency and magnitude in response to global warming, necessitating certain adaptation strategies. However, there is a lack of knowledge of adaptation strategies that would be able to reduce the impacts of extreme heat to cope with an uncertain future, especially on the local scale. In this study, we aimed to determine the effect of adaptation strategies to reduce the mortality risk under two climate change mitigation scenarios, using Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) 2.6 and 8.5. We selected four street-level adaptation strategies: Green walls, sidewalk greenways, reduced-albedo sidewalks and street trees. As an extreme heat assessment criterion, we used a pedestrian mean radiant temperature threshold, which was strongly related to heat mortality. The results, projected to the 2050s, showed that green walls, greenways and reduced-albedo sidewalks could adequately reduce the extreme heat impacts under RCP2.6; however, only street trees could reduce the extreme heat impacts under RCP8.5 in the 2050s. This implies that required adaptation strategies can vary depending on the targeted scenario. This study was conducted using one street in Seoul, but the methodology can be expanded to include other adaptation strategies, and applied to various locations to help stakeholders decide on effective adaptation options and make local climate change adaptation plans.
Anatomy of an Informal Transit City: Mobility Analysis of the Metropolitan Area of Lima
Authors: Jauregui-Fung Franco , Kenworthy Jeffrey , Almaaroufi Samar , Pulido-Castro Natalia , Pereira Sara , Golda-Pongratz Kathrin
Published: July 2019

Lima, as the capital of Peru, has become its first megacity with more than 10 million people in an area that extends over 80 km in a North-South direction. As a city of this size, it faces complex mobility issues with a strong reliance on informal transport modes (buses, minibuses, and paratransit vehicles) due to the deterioration of its transit system quality during the 20th century. This paper examines the current urban situation in Lima through an analysis of the city’s structure, with an emphasis on its transport history and the resulting types of walking, transit, and car-oriented fabrics that can be identified. The mobility analysis was made through data collection, including daily trips by public and private modes, annual passenger kilometers and vehicle kilometers of travel, length of exclusive lanes for public transport and freeways, car and paratransit modes ownership, transport emissions, and safety. These data are used to position Lima in a comparative global context showing its relative strengths and weaknesses in urban form and mobility and providing suggestions for a more sustainable transport and land use system. It is asserted that Lima is an informal transit-oriented city, as distinct from recognized transit metropolises (e.g., Tokyo or German cities such as Berlin or Munich), which often involve private companies, operating under an umbrella of strong government regulation, fare setting, and high service standards. Lima is shown to have some important qualities such as a high density, comparatively low car ownership and freeway provision and still healthy levels of transit and non-motorized mode use despite non-ideal conditions for either. These qualities, if combined with effective governance structures, government commitment to higher quality formal transit systems, which better integrate the important informal transit sector, cessation of high capacity road building, greater protection and encouragement for non-motorized modes and some effective controls over growing car and motorcycle ownership, would see Lima develop a more sustainable transport system.
Essai de détermination d'un bilan global d'érosion : application au cas du bassin versant de l'Arc (Savoie)
Authors: Marnézy Alain
Published: July 2019

L'auteur tente d'établir un bilan global d'érosion pour le bassin versant de l'Arc (vallée de la Maurienne, Savoie) en évaluant le flux de sédiments exportés hors de la vallée, en solution, en suspension et en charge de fond. En rassemblant toutes les sources de documentation disponibles, en croisant méthodes de mesures sur le terrain et approches théoriques, il reconstitue la dynamique des transports avant les grands aménagements hydroélectriques. Le flux sédimentaire considérable évacué à l'exutoire place la vallée de la Maurienne parmi les bassins versants à forte dégradation spécifique (tranche érodée moyenne de 0, 62 mm /an, pour un bassin versant de 1957 km²). Les aménagements hydroélectriques et leurs impacts sur les écoulements ont eu pour principal effet d'aggraver le caractère pulsatoire du flux solide et d'augmenter la durée du stockage intermédiaire, ce qui engendre de nouveaux problèmes de gestion du lit.
Réalité et logique des géosystèmes montagnards alpins : principes de fonctionnement morphodynamique
Authors: Ballandras Stéphane
Published: July 2019

On tente de s 'interroger sur l 'existence et les relations morphodynamiques existant entre deux types de géosystèmes alpins apparemment opposés mais en réalité complémentaires que sont les géosystèmes liés à l 'étagement et les géosystèmes hydrogravitaires permettant l'évacuation des charges liquide et solide. Ces derniers fonctionnent selon plusieurs types d'état physique de l'eau et s 'impriment plus ou moins profondément au sein des versants. Lis apparaissent comme dépendants de l 'étagement dans l 'alimentation en charge liquide et solide. Glaciers exceptés, ce n 'est qu 'au moment du transfert de charge qu 'ils acquièrent réellement leur dynamique propre tout en s 'inscrivant dans les quatre étages topographiques de la montagne que sont la haute montagne, les versants, les fonds de vallées et les piémonts. Enfin, leur évolution dans le temps est la caractéristique principale de la mutation globale des milieux alpins.
Risques et réponses institutionnelles en Equateur : cartes et méthodes
Authors: Ercole Robert d' , Demoraes Florent
Published: July 2019

L 'article constitue la synthèse d'une étude sur les risques en Equateur réalisée pour le compte de deux ONG européennes. Il présente un triple intérêt : il fournit un exemple de géographie appliquée, il présente une méthodologie de recherche et propose une réflexion sur la notion de risque, son évaluation et sa cartographie. La principale originalité de cette méthode réside dans la prise en compte de la dynamique positive du risque à travers la réponse institutionnelle, et dans la cartographie résultante.
Les récents écroulements de parois en Oisans : observations et réflexions
Authors: Chardon Michel
Published: July 2019

Les limites et les caractéristiques géographiques de l'Oisans sont rappelées et expliquent que les mouvements gravitaires et particulièrement les écroulements, soient relativement fréquents. On peut distinguer des écroulements élémentaires, nombreux dans la haute montagne en voie de désenglacement, des écroulements en masse se désintégrant pour former des talus et lobes, et des écroulements formant une avalanche et une coulée de rochers. Le cas du belvédère de Bourg d'Oisans (1998) est décrit et analysé de façon détaillée. La formation du cône d'accumulation de la Petite Vaudaine peut être expliquée en grande partie par des écroulements et avalanches de rochers, remaniés ensuite par les eaux et les avalanches de neige. L'écroulement est un processus essentiel dans la genèse des paysages depuis la dernière phase d'avancée glaciaire.
Connaissance et perception des risques naturels face à une réalité érosive : l'apport d'une enquête auprès de la population dans les communes d'Orcières et de Champoléon (Hautes-Alpes, France)
Authors: Lacambre Anne , Wicherek Stanislas , Peulvast Jean-Pierre
Published: July 2019

Dans deux communes voisines du bassin du haut-Drac, Orcières (Drac Noir) et Champoléon (Drac Blanc), une enquête a été menée pendant l'été 1999 pour étudier la perception des risques par la population. Les 157 personnes questionnées sur la réalité des phénomènes érosifs, sur la dangerosité du milieu et sur l'efficacité des aménagements renvoient une vision assez déformée de la réalité, en fonction de leur âge et de leur «mémoire » des événements. Cette approche par enquête s 'avère très utile pour compléter le travail de terrain et d'archives.
Voyages et représentations. La littérature de voyage, les cols par plaisir
Authors: Candaux Jean-Daniel
Published: July 2019

De temps immémorial, militaires et marchands, diplomates et pèlerins, touristes et voyageurs ont traversé les montagnes. Pour l'historien, la question surgit d'elle-même : à partir de quand a-t-on franchi un col, non plus par obligation, mais par plaisir, et à partir de quand l 'a-t-on fait savoir ? Le changement de mentalités a été progressif à partir du dernier quart du XVIIIeme siècle. Des curiosités nouvelles (pour la géologie par exemple) et un intérêt nouveau pour les voyages et les panoramas ont aidé au processus qui a d'emblée connu une dimension européenne à travers des touristes anglais bien sûr, mais aussi des Français, des Allemands, des Danois, des Genevois.
L'axe du Brenner
Authors: Freschi Louis
Published: July 2019

The Brenner's trunk road has existed for a long time as a crossing way through the Alps. The geographical context was the determining factor : distribution of several important economic places, topographical and hydrological conditions of a mountain with many transverse valleys which one allows to reach the lowest great alpine passes (1375m).

Through the history, the control of this crossing way has been at stake. The heritage (urban structures, churches, palaces, cas tels) of many trading places (Rovereto, Trento, Bozen-Bolzano...) testifies ancient times' prosperty.

The development of this «natural way» has been a long process. The roman road «Claudia Augusta» was built on the hillside. We have to wait the beginning of the XVIth century for the construction of a suitable road for any vehicles. Thenafter, especially during the XVIIIth century, many improvement works were necessary in order to give the present day Brenner's road. The opening of the railway link between Verone and Innsbruck (XIXth c.) increased considerably potential traffics. Major turning point was the construction of the motorway (1973-73). As far back as this date, traffic increased to reach 8 millions vehicles (including 2 millions HGV) by motorway and 4 millions by road. There are today 30 millions tons of heavy goods in transit.
Traversées alpines. Comment conjuguer fluidité et respect de l'environnement ?
Authors: Crozet Yves
Published: July 2019

Traditionnellement, ce sont les ingénieurs qui sont censés résoudre les questions posées par la traversée des montagnes. C'est pourquoi la réponse proposée au problème du franchissement des Alpes ou des Pyrénées a pris la forme de projets d'infrastructures. Le choix s 'est généralement porté sur des tunnels complétés aux extrémités par des voies routières modernisées. Si on a d'abord privilégié le fer (XIXeme siècle) puis la route, la combinaison des deux modes de transport semble présenter aujourd'hui plus d'avantages pour la sécurité et la protection de l'environnement. Les économistes peuvent apporter leur contribution à la réflexion à condition de renouveler leur approche et de prendre en compte les coûts externes dans le développement des projets. Une nouvelle infrastructure de ferroutage sous les Alpes ne va-t-elle pas se traduire inévitablement par une augmentation des trafics sur les axes routiers qui y conduisent ? N'y-a-t-il pas, de fait, contradiction entre fluidité et respect de l'environnement ?
Les cols routiers dans la traversée des montagnes françaises. Contribution à une définition plurivalente et dynamique
Authors: Bernier Xavier
Published: July 2019

L'objectif de cet article est de proposer une réflexion géographique sur la place des cols routiers dans la traversée des montagnes françaises. Quelque 2244 sites reconnus par la toponymie peuvent être identifiés à l'aide de critères multiples. Le niveau d'équipement et les activités associées à un col sont révélateurs de ses fonctions actuelles et héritées et contribuent à donner du sens aux lieux. Dans les dynamiques spatiales liées au passage et à la dialectique d'ouverture et de fermeture de la montagne, des logiques récurrentes peuvent être dégagées. Inscrits sur des itinéraires parfois valorisés, les cols sont les objets de pratiques touristiques qui modifient les représentations et les processus de territorialisation. Seule une lecture plurivalente et dynamique peut permettre d'en aborder la complexité. Col «passage», col «équipé», le col est ainsi dans certains cas «point focal» quand il devient un haut-lieu remarquable et attractif. D'abord col «topographique» avant d'apparaître comme un col «sommet», il définit avec le «pied de col» un triptyque pour une nouvelle approche de la verticalité en montagne. L'ensemble ainsi constitué dans la dynamique actuelle des réseaux donne sans doute un sens nouveau à la montagne.
Arrêt 2 -Amphithéâtre morainique du lac du Miage : reconstitution de la dynamique du glacier du Miage pendant l'Holocène
Authors: Deline Philip
Published: July 2019

Studiato ormai da 2 secoli, l'anfitreatro morenico del Miage (Miage morainic amphitheatre : MMA) è composto da 3 gruppi concentrici di circa 25 morene. A causa della sua posizione e délia modalità prevalente di costruzione della morena, il MMA è un marker ben preservato della dinamica glaciale durante il Neoglaciale. Le datazioni al radiocarbonio sono state ottenute per mezzo di scavi e carotaggi nelle depressioni intermoreniche del MMA e attraverso la realizzazione di un sondaggio profondo nel riempimento del lago di sbarramento del Combal. Dati complementari sono stati attraverso la lichenometria e la dendrocronologia. La cronologia radiometrica mostra che (i) il MMA non solo precede la PEG ma è stato costruito almeno 5029-4648 cal. yr BP(inizio del Neoglaciale). (ii) i l gruppi esterni delle morene pre-datano 2748-2362 cal. yr BP ; (iii) the MMA ha sbarrato il lago Combal fra 4.8 e 1.5 cal ka BP, mentre piccoli bacini lacustri/palustri si formavano internamente aile morene (ad esempio : da 2147-1928 a 1506-1295 cal. yr BP). Il modello Neoglaciale qui proposto implica che il MMA si è andato formando durante tutto il Neoglaciale per mezzo di una serie di pulsazioni glaciali : a 4.8-4.6 cal. ky BP (Neoglaciale iniziale), intorno a 2.5 cal. ky BP (al termine dello stadio di Göschener I), a 600-900 cal. AD (termine dello stadio di Göschener II) and durante la PEG. Queste pulsazioni sono separate da fasi di crescita della morena latérale destra per l'attività di scarico délia copertura detritica del Miage.

Lo svuotamento del lago glaciale del Miage (superficie 36 000 m2, profondità massima c. 30 m) all'inizio di settembre 2004 si è sviluppato in due fasi. In due giorni si è prodotto uno svuotamento rapido (volume c. 325 000 m 3 ; portata 2 m3/s) al contatto tra base del ghiacciaio e morena di fondo che ha ridotto il lago a quattro pozze isolate. Il drenaggio è proseguito con lentezza nelle settimane successive, più rapidamente nella pozza maggiore (SE) per la quasi assenza di sedimenti fini sul fondo. I rapporti tra volume del lago e bilancio di portate in ingresso ed in uscita lasciano intendere un lento ricambio dell'acqua. Lo svuotamento ha messo a giorno un esteso pavimento di ghiaccio di raccordo tra la caratteristica sponda di ghiaccio a falesia ed il prolungamento subacqueo della morena latérale destra ; sul pavimento sono riconoscibili le tracce della disgregazione di iceberg precedente alio svuotamento. Depositi sabbioso-siltosi di spessore variabile da qualche cm ad oltre 1 m rivestono cordoni morenici subacquei, i più interni dei quali risalgono aile fluttuazioni délia fine del Piccolo Età Glaciale e del inizio del XX secolo. Lo svuotamento del lago, fenomeno che si è ripetuto più volte in passato senza una ciclicità apparente, non sembra costituire un pericolo naturale fin tanto che i crepacci a margine del lago risultano collegati al reticolo idrografico subglaciale.
Présentation générale de la quatrième demi-journée
Authors: Giardino Marco , Gianotti Franco
Published: July 2019

Alio sbocco délia Valle d'Aosta l'anfiteatro morenico di Ivrea, con quasi 600 km2 di estensione, è il terzo de lie Alpi Italiane, dopo quelli del Garda e del Verbano. Esso è stato edificato dal ghiacciaio délia Dora Baltea nell'arco di un numéro imprecisato di glaciazioni, che vanno dal termine del Pleistocene inferiore [circa 800.000 anni B.P. ; da analisi paleomagnetica su depositi glaciolacustri, Carraro et al., 1991] all'ultimo episodio glaciale del Pleistocene superiore (Last Glacial Maximum).

L'anfiteatro è caratterizzato dalla presenza di una vasta depress ione interna pianeggiante (circa 250 km2), circon-data da un imponente complesso di cerchie laterali e frontali, con dislivelli che per la maggior parte oltrepassano i 300-400 m di altezza. Particolarmente intéressante e paeggisticamente magnifico è l'apparato latérale sinistro, sul cui margine esterno (verso Est) sono conservate le morene più antiche ed il cui margine interno è definito da una morena latérale tra le più estese e regolari del mondo : la Serra d'Ivrea.
Arrêt 4 -Vue panoramique sur l'AMRA et la basse Vallée de Suse ; Histoire, architecture et légende de la Sacra di San Michèle (Sacra di San Michèle)
Authors: Giardino Marco
Published: July 2019

A concludere il tratto di escursione, la salita alla Sacra di S. Michèle permette non solo una visione panoramica generate sull'AMRA e sulla soglia della valle di Susa, ma consente anche alcune digressioni storico-architettoniche su questo splendido complesso abbaziale sorto in prevalenza fra il X e il XIV secolo in forme romaniche e gotiche cisalpine.
Arrêt 3 -La déformation gravitaire profonde de versant de Serre La Voûte (Exilles)
Authors: Giardino Marco , Carraro Francesco
Published: July 2019

Una specifica fermata viene dedicata al fenomeno gravitativo di Serre La Voute, che intéressa un settore di oltre 2.5 km 2 e, in associazione alla frana di Testa del Mottas ha determinato lo sbarramento della Valle di Susa e la formazione di in bacino lacustre nella piana di Salbertrand-Oulx. L'analisi di questi grandi fenomeni franosi permette di riflettere sui condizionamenti "statici" alla stabilità dei versanti offerti dall'assetto lito-strutturale e da quelli "dinamici", rappresentati in loco, oltre che dal modellamento esogeno, anche dall'attività neotettonica di una importante zona di taglio a scala régionale, la Susa-Chisone Shear Zone.
Transport et mise en tourisme du Monde
Authors: Gay Jean-Christophe
Published: July 2019

Le tourisme est une forme de mobilité et on ne peut le comprendre sans faire appel à l 'évolution des transports. Cet article privilégie une lecture par les acteurs et les lieux et cherche à appréhender la complexité des processus cumulatifs liés à la diffusion spatiale des moyens autant que des pratiques. Il aborde à cette fin le rôle des progrès techniques, les formes de propagation du tourisme et la réduction de la distance-coût.
Manger sur l'autoroute en France : Les pratiques alimentaires des touristes
Authors: Fumey Gilles
Published: July 2019

Sur les autoroutes, les touristes sont les principaux utilisateurs des services de restauration. Pressés par le temps, les clients sont accueillis par des opérateurs qui ont conçu un «habillage» de l'environnement intérieur et des prestations de qualité. Elles sont définies en fonction du profil sociologique des mangeurs et de leurs attentes. Devant les propositions des industriels qui offrent surtout des marques, une nouvelle tendance est d'impliquer davantage les terroirs et de faire entrer la géographie dans les assiettes.
Collision with power lines and electrocutions in birds — an analysis based on Swedish ringing recoveries 1990–2017
Authors: Fransson Thord , Jansson Lina , Kolehmainen Tuomo , Wenninger Thomas
Published: July 2019

Recoveries of birds ringed in Sweden from the period 1990–2017 were used to analyse the occurrence of collisions with power lines and electrocutions. Out of more than 10,000 recoveries of birds found dead with finding circumstances mentioned, 8.6% was associated with power line constructions. The number of species involved was 51 and high proportions were especially evident in some species of owls and raptors. The overall proportion of recoveries caused by collision / electrocution shows a significant decrease over time. A decrease over time in the proportions of electrocution and collision was also evident when analysing finding circumstances in four species where corpses were sent to the Swedish Museum of Natural History. Information about the power line system in Sweden during the period 2007–2016 shows that the length of local power lines has decreased with about 21% during a ten-year period and that underground cables have increased with 28% during the same period. The results show that collisions with power lines have decreased more than electrocutions and this may imply that there are still many places where birds are at risk of being electrocuted.
EXPLORING THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF NON-FORMAL EDUCATION TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN CAPITAL IN SOUTHERN NIGERIA
Authors: Asiyai Romina Ifeoma
Published: July 2019

This survey research adopted co-relational design to explore the contribution of non-formal education to the development of adults in Southern Nigeria, using a randomly selected sample of 650 respondents drawn from three skills acquisition centres located at Anambra, Delta and Ondo states. Data analysis was conducted through descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings revealed that non-formal education contributed severally to the development of life skills and personal development among male and female, employed and unemployed adults who participated in training programmes. The analysis of variance revealed no significant difference among the three groups regarding the contribution of non-formal education to their development of skills. There was a significant relationship between non-formal education and personal development of adults in Southern Nigeria.
Uruguay Round Agreement: The Interface Between Anti-Dumping and Competition
Authors: Khan Kishwar , Aftab Sarwat
Published: July 2019

All the provisions of the Uruguay Round Agreements have a bearing upon competition policy, since the international framework governing trade determines the extent of competition in the national markets. Apart from the fundamental provisions of GATT Articles I (MFN treatment), III (National Treatment) and X (Transparency), there are numerous specific WTO provisions which are relevant in varying degrees to competition
The Day of the Week Effect in the Pakistani Equity Market: An Investigation
Authors: Husain Fazal
Published: July 2019

An active area of investigation in finance literature is to explore the existence of a pattern in stock returns. A predictable pattern is evidence against market efficiency. Even if the pattern does not seem to affect the stock returns directly, it can provide useful clues to investors concerning their investment decision.
One of the significant patterns identified is the day of the week effect which implies that stock returns are not distributed identically across the days. For example, in the U.S. capital market, rates of return on Mondays tend to be negative while those on Fridays tend to be high. Cross (1973), French (1980), Gibbons and Hess (1981), Keim and Stambagh (1984) and others consistently observed lowest returns on Mondays, termed as the ‘Monday effect’.
Postmodernism/Poststructuralism: A Theoretical Perspective
Authors: Shah Saeeda
Published: July 2019

Theoretical underpinnings of research are highly significant for the
academic value of that study. Qualitative studies are increasingly
using poststructural constructs as theoretical frames. This paper
will briefly discuss postmodernism and poststructuralism, together
with the aspects where poststructuralism has a relevance with
Islamic philosophy, highlighting the points of convergence.
Capacity Utilisation in the Large-Scale Manufacturing Sector:
An Empirical Analysis
Authors: Kalim Rukhsana
Published: July 2019

This paper is concerned with the quantification of the rate of capacity utilisation and its major determinants in the large-scale manufacturing sector of Pakistan. A cross-section analysis has been made for 68 five digit industries for the period 1995-96. A number of hypothesis have been tested using the regression technique. Keeping in view the problem of load shedding in Pakistan, it has been taken as an important variable affecting the rate of capacity utilisation in the manufacturing sector. Regression results are in conformity with the earlier studies that supply factors are playing a major role in determining the rate of capacity utilisation. Among supply factors electricity consumption has appeared to be statistically significant.
Contemporary Neoclassicism and its Methodology
Authors: Noor Jawwad
Published: July 2019

The last 10 to 20 years have seen a rapid rise of a new school
in Macroeconomics. One of the most interesting
characteristics of this school is its use of non-econometric
methods for predicting and calculating various variables of the
economy. If traditional econometrics has lost some of the force
it has had for decades, it is of interest to analyse the merits of
the new system replacing it. Most importantly, it is of interest
to study the methodological justification of this new system
and the paradigm it rests on. The latter is the main purpose of
this paper.
An Analysis of Economies of Scope in Irrigated Agriculture
in the Punjab (Pakistan)
Authors: Nawaz Shah Haq
Published: July 2019

In this paper scope economies for a sample of 387 farms in the Punjab province of Pakistan were estimated using nonparametric techniques and sources of economies of scope were determined by using econometric techniques. The result indicated that diversified farming in crop, livestock and custom hiring enterprises results in cost savings of 17.81% for all enterprises, 17.36% in the crop sector, 15.84% in the livestock sector and 1.90% for custom hiring. Econometric results indicate that overall economies of scope are inversely related to farm size, positively to location of farms nearer to the head reaches of canals and positively to the amount of capital used on a farm. The existence of Scope economies in Pakistan agriculture implies that production functions in agriculture are interdependent and the effects of Government policy of setting support prices of individual crops may affect resource allocation with respect to other crops on the same farms.
Economic and Social Determinants of Child Labour:
A Case Study of Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
Authors: Aslam Chaudhary M. , Naheed Khan Farzana
Published: July 2019

This paper identifies important economic and social determinants
of child labour, taking grassroots level data on the working children of
Dera Ismail Khan City of Pakistan. Working conditions and their impact
on child health are also identified. The variables like fertility, adult literacy
and schooling system etc., are empirically examined. The analysis shows
that poverty is the main cause of child labour in the city while other
factors such as fertility, family size, adult illiteracy and schooling system
also contribute to the supply of child labour. The situation is comparatively
less serious for female child labour, showing the importance of traditional
factors, which restrict females from working outside their homes. The
social system of the area does not allow female children to work outside the
home. Therefore, female child labour is not wide spread in the city, which
is contradictory to the findings of the national survey on child labour.
Thus, national surveys do not accurately represent regional child labour by
sex. The present study has been carried out in an area which is backward
and where child labour is wide spread.
TEST OF PSYCHOMETRIC FEATURES ON THE GOAL ORIENTATION EVALUATION INSTRUMENT
Authors: Ishak Maziahtusima , Zainal Abiddin Norhasni , Mohd Fakhruddin Fathiyah , Ibrahim Mikail
Published: July 2019

This study aims to determine the degree of reliability and validity of Multidimensional Measures of Goal Orientation Scale by Zweig and Webster (2004) for measuring the goal orientation of religious educators in private religious school. Goal orientation construct has received much attention from researchers as to understand how one build, acquire or demonstrate proficiency in learning and performance. There are three (3) factors used to measure the Orientation Objectives, namely (1) Performance Approach Goal Orientation; (2) Performance-Avoidance Goal Orientation; and (3) Learning Goal Orientation. 171 Islamic education teachers from private religious schools in Negeri Sembilan were involved in the study. 21 items from original instruments were translated into Malay language and translated back to English language using the back-translation method. The reliability of the instrument was determined by using the internal consistency of Cronbach Alpha's method and the results showed the alpha values were between .74 and .91. The overall reliability coefficient for the total final items was .84. This instrument has met the psychometric characteristics of a good instrument and can be utilized in different studies context.
Overview of Supports Obtained by Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patient in Sampit, Central Borneo
Authors: Desiyani Cici , Kusnanto Kusnanto , Yuswanto Tri Johan Agus
Published: July 2019

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease that continues to develop over time and requires complex treatment. while undergoing treatment DM, diabetic patients need supports in order to be able to carry out their treatment on an ongoing basis. This study aims to describe supports obtained by Type 2 DM patients during their treatment and caring. This is a qualitative research study with phenomenological approach. Sampling was conducted from social situation with a sample size 20 participants. Data were collected using semi-structured in-depth interviews and analysis were used Colaizzi methods. The results showed three themes. Theme 1) family supports; 2) social supports, 3) health workers supports. Family supports is the most important part, but the supports from health workers also play a role in increasing the motivation of type 2 DM patients in undergoing treatment and diet. it is important to explore more deeply and more specifically how the role of health workers in the care of DM patients for further studies
APPLICABILITY OF LEWIN'S CHANGE MANAGEMENT MODEL FOR OPTIMIZATION MANAGEMENT FUNCTION IN NURSING DELEGATION BETWEEN HEAD NURSE AND TEAM LEADER: A MINI PROJECT IN JAKARTA MILITARY HOSPITAL
Authors: Teguh Aris , Sri Hariyati Rr. Tutik , Muhaeriwati Titiek
Published: July 2019

The role of nurses in health care systems is diverse, included being a health care provider to clients, client advocates, educators for clients and families, and nursing service managers. One strategy that can be applied in managerial nursing is delegation. The goal of this study was to assess the applicability of Kurt Lewin's change management method to analyse the management function in nursing delegation between head nurse and team leader. This study was conducted in one of the Jakarta Military Hospital by conducting a mini project consisting of case reports using a fishbone diagram approach, solving problems using Plan-Do-Check-Action (PDCA) tools starting with Plan Of Action (POA), implementation, evaluation, and follow-up. The results of the identification showed that the head of the room in carrying out the delegation was not optimal, included documentation in the delegation book that was not optimal, delays in filling, non uniformity in the format of delegation books in the room, and not understanding due to lack of standardization and control from superiors. Guidelines are used as a reference in delegating nursing to the head of the hospital room, and the documentation of nursing delegates is done correctly because delegates work better when the reporting structure is clear. In conclusion, application fishbone diagram, lewin's change management model, and PDCA cycle can optimize management function in nursing delegation between head nurse and team leader in Jakarta Military Hospital. Recommendations are given to the nursing department, head of the room, team leader, and executive nurses to increase self-awareness, knowledge, and ability in delegating nursing.
The Effect Of Tai Chi Excercise On The Adequacy Of Hemodialysis Among Patients With End Stage Renal Disease: Literature Review
Authors: Sudrajat Andi , Yetti Krisna , Waluyo Agung
Published: July 2019

Abstract

 

End stage renal disease (ESRD) is currently a global problem because of its increasing prevalence. Hemodialysis is the main management in ESRD patients. The importance of assessing the adequacy of dialysis greatly influences the quality and continuity of the patient's life. This paper is a literature review to identify the effect of i tai chi exercise on the adequacy of hemodialysis in ESRD patients. The authors used several databases to search for literary sources to be studied, namely Web of Science, EBSCO, PubMed, and Google Scholar. It was found that tai chi is a safe therapy less complications and have beneficial for ESRD patients. Tai chi can suppress bone reabsorption, improve functional balance and strength, increase the rate of blood in the muscles, increase capillary size and surface area which results in increased movement of toxins and urea in cells that move to the vascular eventually towards the hemodialysis machine. In addition, tai chi can be beneficial to make circulation smooth, reduce blood pressure, and facilitate the release of lactic acid so that it can reduce risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Tai chi is recommended as a treatment modality choice to increase the adequacy of hemodialysis in ESRD patients.

 

Keywords: adequate dialysis, ESRD, hemodialysis, intradialysis exercise, tai chi.
Law Enforcement in Indonesia: Exploration of the Concept of Justice in Islamic Dimension with Pancasila Ideology
Authors: Agiyanto Ucuk
Published: July 2019

Law enforcement in Indonesia is still not going well and is so alarming. The problem of law enforcement (law enforcement) always tends to be the imbalance of dynamic interactions between legal aspects in expectations or das swollen, with elements of the application of the law in reality das sein. The weakness of law enforcement in Indonesia today can be reflected in various resolutions of significant cases that have not been completed, one of which is the practice of corrupt corruption, but ironically the main actors are very few who are legally enforced. This fact is precisely the best compared to some cases involving small people. Judging from the study of philosophy, the reflection of legal philosophy is done to be able to know the irregularities that exist in the application of the law in looking at the value orientation of justice that concerns the view of human life. Because the code must always be returned to its original purpose to create justice, this study discusses Sidharta's conception of building and legal systems in examining the problem of law enforcement in Indonesia. The research method used in this paper is descriptive research, which aims to investigate law enforcement in Indonesia in terms of the study of the philosophy of law and law enforcement seen from the concept of Sidharta in creating justice law.

Penegakan hukum di Indonesia masih belum berjalan dengan baik dan begitu memprihatinkan. Permasalahan penegakan hukum (law enforcement) selalu bertendensi pada ketimpangan interaksi dinamis antara aspek hukum dalam harapan atau das sollen, dengan aspek penerapan hukum dalam kenyataan das sein. Lemahnya penegakan hukum di Indonesia saat ini dapat tercermin dari berbagai penyelesaian kasus besar yang belum tuntas, salah satunya adalah praktek korupsi yang menggurita, namun ironisnya para pelaku utamanya sangat sedikit yang terambah hukum. Kenyataan tersebut justru berbanding terbaik dengan beberapa kasus yang melibatkan rakyat kecil. Dilihat dari kajian filsafat, refleksi filsafat hukum dilakukan untuk dapat mengetahui kejanggalan-kejanggalan yang ada dalam penerapan hukum dalam menilik orientasi nilai keadilan yang menyangkut pandangan hidup manusia. Sebab hukum harus selalu dikembalikan kepada tujuan awalnya untuk menciptakan keadilan. Penelitian ini membahas konsepsi Sidharta tentang bangunan dan sistem hukum dalam mengkaji masalah penegakan hukum di Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini adalah penelitian deskriptif, yang bertujuan untuk mengkaji penegakan hukum di Indonesia ditinjau dari kajian filsafat hukum dan penegakan hukum dilihat dari konsep Sidharta dalam menciptakan hukum yang berkeadilan.
PENERAPAN ANALISIS KONJOIN DALAM MENENTUKAN PERSEPSI SISWA SMA NEGERI 1 MERAUKE TENTANG KARAKTERISTIK GURU MATEMATIKA
Authors: Santoso Teguh , Ruslau Maria F. V. , Suryani Dessy Riski
Published: July 2019

Abstrak:  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik guru matematika yang ideal menurut siswa SMA Negeri 1 Merauke. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah teknik stratified proportional random sampling dan diperoleh 256 siswa sebagai sampel. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah penyebaran kuesioner, kemudian data dari hasil kuesioner dianalisis menggunakan analisis konjoin dengan metode full profile menggunakan orthogonal array. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan karakteristik guru matematika yang diinginkan oleh siswa adalah guru yang berjenis kelamin laki-laki, mempunyai usia antara 46-55 tahun, kemudian mempunyai gaya mengajar yang santai tapi serius, dengan menggunakan metode pembelajaran yang inkonvensional, guru menyampaikan materi matematika disertai dengan aplikasinya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, selanjutnya mempunyai semangat mengajar yang tinggi dan mampu menggunakan teknologi dalam pembelajaran dengan baik, serta interaksi antara guru dengan siswa yang aktif.

Kata kunci: Karakteristik guru matematika, Analisis konjoin
MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA KELAS VII SMP NEGERI 1 MERAUKE MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE AUDITORY, INTELLECTUALY, AND REPETITION
Authors: Meirista Etriana , Roya Margaretha
Published: July 2019

Abstract: This study aims to improve students' mathematics learning achievement using auditory, intellectualy, and repetition (AIR) type of cooperative models in Class VII material fractions. This research is a research action class is done in 2 cycles. Each cycle is divided into four parts. They are planning, implementation, observations, and reflection. These research subjects are students of class VII SMP Negeri 1 Merauke totaling 32 students. Data collection techniques were used that test, observation and questionnaire responses of students. The research results showed that the average value of students increased at every cycle as well as the classical completeness of the cycle I namely 62,50% and cycle II 90,62% of those results show that an increase in classical from cycle I to cycle II. Student activity increase in cycle I gained 50,00% with a high category and cycle II retrieved 84,38% with category is very high, so it can be concluded that the application of the model of cooperative type auditory, intellectualy, and repetition can improve results of learning mathematics class VII students learn mathematics SMP Negeri 1 Merauke.

Keywords: result of learning, cooperatif learning, the type of AIR.
Gambaran Status Gingiva pada Anak Usia Sekolah Dasar di SD GMIM Tonsea Lama
Authors: Karim Cindra Ayu Apleine
Published: July 2019

Masa usia sekolah dasar adalah masa pertumbuhan gigi permanen yang menyebabkan perubahan pada gingiva sehingga meningkatkan resiko terjadinya inflamasi pada gingiva. Apabila kebersihan gigi dan mulut tidak terjaga, dapat meningkatkan resiko terjadinya inflamasi gingiva. Penelitian yang dilakukan merupakan jenis penelitian observasional dengan rancangan penelitian berupa penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan desain potong-lintang (cross sectional study). Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui gambaran status gingiva pada anak usia sekolah dasar. Penelitian dilakukan di SD GMIM Tonsea Lama dengan sampel siswa-siswi yang berusia 9 sampai 12 tahun sebanyak 47 orang. Pemeriksaan status gingiva dilakukan dengan menggunakan indeks gingiva. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 4 orang (8,51%) memiliki gingiva sehat/normal, 30 orang (63,83%) memiliki gingiva yang mengalami inflamasi ringan, 13 orang (27,66%) memiliki gingiva yang mengalami inflamasi sedang, dan tidak ditemukan gingiva yang mengalami inflamasi berat.Kata kunci : Usia sekolah dasar, status gingiva, indeks gingivaABSTRACTElementary school age is a period of growth of permanent teeth that cause changes in gingival thus increasing the risk of inflammation in the gingival. In case the sanitary of teeth and mouth doesn't keep, it can increased gingival inflammation's risk. The research conducted with observational method by descriptive study design used cross sectional study. The main purpose for this research is to describe gingival status in elementary school's age. This research was conducted in GMIM Tonsea Lama Elementary School with 9 to 12 years old kids for the sample and amount 47 kids. Gingival status was checked using gingival's indeks. The results of the research showed that 4 kids (8,51%) had healthy/normal gingival, 30 kids (63,83%) had suffered mild gingival inflammation, 13 kids (27,66%) had suffered moderate gingival inflammation, and there is no kids had suffered heavy gingival inflammation.Keywords: elementary age, gingival status, gingival indeks
GAMBARAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP MASYARAKAT TENTANG PENCABUTAN GIGI DI DESA MOLOMPAR UTARA KABUPATEN MINAHASA TENGGARA
Authors: Warouw Bayu R. E.
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Tooth extraction is a mostly performed treatment in dental practice because most patients come with bad tooth condition that cannot be taken care anymore. The obstacle of tooth extraction is the society’s knowledge. Lack of knowledge causes doubt about going to the dentist. This study aimed to determine the overview of the knowledge and attitude levels of the people in North Molompar Village, South East Minahasa about tooth extraction. This was a descriptive study with a cross sectional design. There were 87 samples obtained by using the Slovin formula with random sampling method. Data presented in the form of a diagram based at the frequency distribution. The results showed that the knowledge level of tooth extraction in North Molompar was 55% good, obtained from scoring result of 481, and the attitude level of tooth extraction was 69% good, obtained from scoring result of 604. Conclusion: Levels of knowledge and attitude of the people in North Molompar Village, South East Minahasa, about tooth extraction were categorized as good. Keywords: tooth extraction, knowledge, attitude.     Abstrak: Pencabutan gigi merupakan tindakan yang sering dilakukan dalam praktek kedokteran gigi karena kebanyakan pasien datang dengan keadaan gigi yang sudah tidak  bisa dirawat lagi. Hambatan yang dialami dalam upaya pencabutan gigi ialah pengetahuan masyarakat mengenai hal-hal yang menyangkut pencabutan gigi. Pengetahuan yang kurang memadai membuat masyarakat ragu untuk berobat ke dokter gigi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap masyarakat tentang pencabutan gigi di Desa Molompar Utara Kabupaten Minahasa Tenggara. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 87 responden diperoleh dengan menggunakan rumus Slovin dan penarikan sampel berupa acak sederhana. Data disajikan dalam bentuk diagram berdasarkan distribusi frekuensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat tentang pencabutan gigi di Desa Molompar Utara yaitu 55% dapat dikatakan baik (hasil skoring 481) dan sikap masyarakat tentang pencabutan gigi di yaitu 69% dapat dikatakan baik (hasil skoring 604). Simpulan: Tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap masyarakat di Desa Molompar Utara terhadap pencabutan gigi tergolong baik. Kata kunci: pencabutan gigi, pengetahuan, sikap.