bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High-fidelity quantum information transmission using a room-temperature nonrefrigerated lossy microwave waveguide
Authors: Qasymeh Montasir , Eleuch Hichem
Published: September 2022

Quantum microwave transmission is key to realizing modular superconducting quantum computers and distributed quantum networks. A large number of incoherent photons are thermally generated within the microwave frequency spectrum. The closeness of the transmitted quantum state to the source-generated quantum state at the input of the transmission link (measured by the transmission fidelity) degrades due to the presence of the incoherent photons. Hence, high-fidelity quantum microwave transmission has long been considered to be infeasible without refrigeration. In this study, we propose a novel method for high-fidelity quantum microwave transmission using a room-temperature lossy waveguide. The proposed scheme consists of connecting two cryogenic nodes (i.e., a transmitter and a receiver) by the room-temperature lossy microwave waveguide. First, cryogenic preamplification is implemented prior to transmission. Second, at the receiver side, a cryogenic loop antenna is placed inside the output port of the waveguide and coupled to an LC harmonic oscillator located outside the waveguide. The loop antenna converts quantum microwave fields to a quantum voltage across the coupled LC harmonic oscillator. Noise photons are induced across the LC oscillator including the source generated noise, the preamplification noise, the thermal occupation of the waveguide, and the fluctuation-dissipation noise. The loop antenna detector at the receiver is designed to extensively suppress the induced photons across the LC oscillator. The signal transmittance is maintained intact by providing significant preamplification gain. Our calculations show that high-fidelity quantum transmission (i.e., more than $$95\%$$

95
%

) is realized based on the proposed scheme for transmission distances reaching 100 m.
Shortening and re-lengthening versus bone transport for the treatment of distal tibial periarticular post-traumatic defects
Authors: Huang Qiang , Ma Teng , Ren Cheng , Xu YiBo , Li Ming , Wang Qian , Lu Yao , Li Zhong , Zhang Kun
Published: September 2022

In the present study, we presented our experience with a new modified technique of shortening and re-lengthening using a monolateral external frame combined with a calcaneal intramedullary nail and compared it with the bone transport technique for the treatment of distal tibial periarticular post-traumatic defects. Forty-one patients were retrospectively analyzed. Among them 19 were treated using our modified shortening and re-lengthening technique (MSR group) and 22 by bone transport (BT group). The difference in external fixation time (EFT), external fixation index (EFI), self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), and complications were compared between the two groups. The mean EFT was 3.4 ± 0.6 months in the MSR group and 7.5 ± 1.4 months in the BT group; the EFI was 0.57 ± 0.06 month/cm and 1.32 ± 0.23 month/cm, respectively. The EFT, EFI, and SAS scores were significantly lower in the MSR group than in the BT Group (p < 0.05). The mean number of complications per patient in the BT group was nearly 2.4 times that of the MSR group (p < 0.05). Our modified shortening and re-lengthening technique reduced the EFI and complication incidence compared to the bone transport technique. Therefore, patients with distal tibial periarticular post-traumatic defects can achieve great satisfaction with this new technique.
p38MAPK guards the integrity of endosomal compartments through regulating necrotic death
Authors: Yao Jia , Atasheva Svetlana , Toy Randall , Blanchard Emmeline L. , Santangelo Philip J. , Roy Krishnendu , Mocarski Edward S. , Shayakhmetov Dmitry M.
Published: September 2022

Pathogens trigger activation of sensors of the innate immune system that initiate molecular signaling enabling appropriate host defense programs. Although recognition of pathogen-specific moieties or PAMPs by specialized receptors of the immune system is well defined for a great number of pathogens, the mechanisms of sensing of pathogen-induced functional perturbations to the host cell remain poorly understood. Here we show that the disruption of endosomal compartments in macrophages by a bacterium or fully synthetic nanoparticles activates stress-response p38MAPK kinase, which triggers execution of cell death of a necrotic type. p38MAPK-mediated necrosis occurs in cells with a compound homozygous deletion of pyroptosis-inducing caspases-1 and -11, apoptotic caspase-8, and necroptosis-inducing receptor-interacting protein kinase-3 (RIPK3), indicating that all of these principal cell death mediators are dispensable for p38MAPK-induced necrosis in response to endosome rupture. p38MAPK-mediated necrosis is suppressed by the receptor-interacting protein kinase 1, RIPK1, and degradation of RIPK1 sensitizes macrophages to necrotic death. Since pathogen-induced cell death of necrotic types is implicated in host defense against infection, our results indicate that functional perturbations in host cells are sensed as a component of the innate immune system.
m6A RNA methylation regulator-related signatures exhibit good prognosis prediction ability for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhai Yujia , Zheng Lian
Published: September 2022

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has become the sixth most common malignant disease worldwide and is associated with high mortality, with an overall 5-year survival rate of less than 50%. Recent studies have demonstrated that aberrantly expressed m6A regulators are involved in multiple biological and pathological processes, including cancers, but the specific mechanisms of m6A regulators in HNSCC are not well elucidated. In this study, we adopted The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-HNSCC database and performed a consensus clustering analysis to classify the HNSCC samples. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was applied to construct an m6A signature-based HNSCC risk prediction model. Cell type identification based on estimating relative subsets of RNA transcripts (CIBERSORT) algorithms was adopted to evaluate the immune cell infiltration level in the tumor microenvironment. Based on the expression of m6A regulators in HNSCC, we identified two clusters, cluster 1 (C1) and cluster 2 (C2). C2 showed a better prognosis than C1 and was mainly enriched in the HIPPO, MYC, NOTCH, and NRF signaling pathways. We constructed an m6A signature-based risk score model and classified patients into high- and low-risk score subgroups. The high-risk-score group showed poor clinical characteristics, higher immune infiltration levels, higher chemokine and chemokine receptor expression levels, and lower immune checkpoint gene expression than the low-risk-score subgroup. In conclusion, our comprehensive analysis suggests that the m6A signature-based risk score might function as a good prognostic predictor. Our study may provide novel therapeutic clues and help predict the prognosis of HNSCC.
Recent progress on catalysts for catalytic oxidation of volatile organic compounds: a review
Authors: Liu Rui , Wu Hao , Shi Jiahui , Xu Ximeng , Zhao Dan , Ng Yun Hau , Zhang Mengling , Liu Shejiang , Ding Hui
Published: September 2022

Recent advances in understanding the oxidation mechanism of VOCs and catalysts of VOC removal are discussed, highlighting the influence of various factors on catalytic performance, including deactivation by water vapor, SO2 and CO2 and proposes regeneration approaches.
Arginyl-fructosyl-glucose, a major Maillard reaction product of red ginseng mitigates cisplatin-evoked intestinal toxicityin vivoandin vitro
Authors: Liu Wei , Zhang Hao , Hou Yun-yi , Hu Rui-yi , Zhang Jun-jie , Chen Xuan , Wang Shuang , Hu Jun-nan , Wang Zi , Li Wei
Published: September 2022

Cisplatin-evoked profound gastrointestinal symptomatology is one of the most common side effects of chemotherapy drugs, further causing gastrointestinal cell damage, diarrhea and vomiting.
Targeted metabolomics combined with network pharmacology to reveal the protective role of luteolin in pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Song Kexin , Duan Qingya , Ren Jiping , Yi Jie , Yu Hong , Che Haixia , Yang Chunjuan , Wang Xiaotong , Li Qian
Published: September 2022

Luteolin protects from PAH by affecting metabolites and regulatory enzymes’ gene and protein levels in the arachidonic acid pathway.
Distinctive effects of different types of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) on liver glucose metabolism
Authors: Fan Lida , Yu Wenzhe , Zhang Beiang , Cao Bin , Wang Mingfu , Hu Xiaoqian
Published: September 2022

The present study revealed the distinctive effects of various AGEs from different formation pathways on glucose metabolism, and methylglyoxal-modified BSA exerted the strongest diabetogenic effect.
A detailed investigation of the core@shell structure of exchanged coupled magnetic nanoparticles after performing solvent annealing
Authors: Sartori Kevin , Ihiawakrim Dris , Lefèvre Christophe , Reguer Solenn , Mocuta Cristian , Bégin-Colin Sylvie , Choueikani Fadi , Pichon Benoit P.
Published: September 2022

Solvent annealing at around 300 °C resulted in a significant modification of the structure and the magnetic properties of core–shell metal oxide nanoparticles as shown by DANES and XMCD.
Metal–organic framework (MOF)-5/CuO@ZnIn2S4core–shell Z-scheme tandem heterojunctions for improved charge separation and enhanced photocatalytic performance
Authors: Yang Yi , Xing Zipeng , Kong Weifeng , Wu Chunxu , Peng Hui , Li Zhenzi , Zhou Wei
Published: September 2022

Metal-organic framework (MOF)-5/CuO@ZnIn2S4core-shell Z-scheme tandem heterojunctions with photothermal effects are prepared by solvothermal and oxidative composite methods to promote spatial charge separation and light utilization.
Elucidating the regulation mechanism of the photoelectrochemical effect of photocathodes on battery discharge voltages: a case study of aqueous zinc–iodine batteries
Authors: Chen Fei , Chen Xiangtao , Hao Qingfei , Sun Xudong , Li Na
Published: September 2022

The positive photovoltage across the semiconductor/liquid junction interface of the p-type BiOI is effective for increasing the discharge voltage. The fundamental mechanism opens a new pathway in the pursuit of high energy densities of other batteries.
Electrochemical S–H and O–H insertion reactions from thiols or salicylic acids with diazo esters
Authors: He Zhiqin , Zhao Wei , Li Yufeng , Yu Yang , Huang Fei
Published: September 2022

An electrochemical insertion reaction of diazo compounds into C–S and C–O bonds with electricity as the oxidant under metal- and ligand-free conditions is reported.
Revisiting indeno[1,2-b]fluorene by steric promoted synthesis while isolating the second stable 4nπ indeno[2,1-a]fluorene
Authors: Sharma Himanshu , Bhardwaj Nikhil , Das Soumyajit
Published: September 2022

Steric promoted synthesis and characterization of some hitherto unknown antiaromatic indeno[1,2-b]fluorenes including the isolation and ground state properties of the second stable 4nπ indeno[2,1-a]fluorene are described.
Solid-phase synthesis of peptides with azopyridine side-chains for Mn(i)–CO binding and red-light responsive CO release
Authors: Zhou Yi , Sun Yuanmei , Yi Kewei , Wang Ziyu , Liu Yawei , He Chunmao
Published: September 2022

A highly efficient one-pot solid-phase synthesis of peptides with azopyridine is reported. When conjugated with the Mn–CO moiety, the resulting peptide- photoCORMs were able to achieve targeted intracellular CO release upon red light illumination.
Harnessing magnetic fields for rare-earth complex crystallization–separations in aqueous solutions
Authors: Kumar Amit , Geng Han , Schelter Eric J.
Published: September 2022

Magnetic crystallization was used as an energy-efficient technique for selective separation of paramagnetic rare-earth ions from lanthanum ions. An air-stable and simple RE-DOTA complex system was used to achieve separation in aqueous conditions.
Efficient fluorescent recognition of ATP/GTP by a water-soluble bisquinolinium pyridine-2,6-dicarboxamide compound. Crystal structures, spectroscopic studies and interaction mode with DNA
Authors: Viviano-Posadas Alejandro O. , Romero-Mendoza Ulises , Bazany-Rodríguez Iván J. , Velázquez-Castillo Rocío V. , Martínez-Otero Diego , Bautista-Renedo Joanatan M. , González-Rivas Nelly , Galindo-Murillo Rodrigo , Salomón-Flores María K. , Dorazco-González Alejandro
Published: September 2022

A dicationic pyridine-2,6-dicarboxamide-based compound 1 bearing two N-alkylquinolinium units was synthesized, determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and studied as a fluorescent receptor for nucleotides and inorganic phosphorylated anions in pure water.
Gravimetric and electrochemical statistical optimizations for improving copper corrosion resistance in hydrochloric acid using thiosemicarbazone-linked 3-acetylpyridine
Authors: Mohamad Alwi Muhammad Ammar , Ahmad Mohammad Norazmi , Misnon Izan Izwan , Pauzi Hariy , Normaya Erna
Published: September 2022

Thiosemicarbazone-linked 3-acetylpyridine (T3AP), was synthesized and tested on copper strips in hydrochloric acid.
Pure copper nanoparticles prepared by coating-assisted vapor phase synthesis without agglomeration
Authors: Jo Yong-Su , Park Hye-Min , Jin Gwang-Hwa , Swain Bhabani Sankar , Min Seok-Hong , Kim Young Keun , Yang Seung-Min
Published: September 2022

Modern electronic devices, such as smartphones and electric vehicles, require multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs), which comprise highly pure Cu terminations and Ni electrodes.
Performance characterization of transparent and conductive grids one-step-printed on curved substrates using template-guided foaming
Authors: Chae Youngchul , Bae Juyeol , Lim Kyoungyoung , Kim Taesung
Published: September 2022

Next-generation electronic devices require electrically conductive, mechanically flexible, and optically transparent conducting electrodes (CEs) that can endure large deformations.
Unexpected halogen-induced electron–phonon superconductivity in two-dimensional materials
Authors: Meng L.-B. , Ni S. , Zhou W. M.
Published: September 2022

Robust electron–phonon superconductivity in two-dimensional materials by counterintuitive halogen deposition.
Low‐carbon operation method of the building based on dynamic carbon emission factor of power system
Authors: Bu Le , Chen Xingying , Gan Lei , Yu Kun , Zhou Yue , Cao Jiawei , Cao Yuan
Published: September 2022

Energy conservation and carbon reduction in building energy is an important way to achieve the global goal of ‘carbon neutrality’. Common low‐carbon operation strategies of buildings rely on price incentives to guide users’ behaviour, which is difficult to make users aware of the impact of their energy consumption behaviour on carbon emissions. In this paper, the power system's dynamic carbon emission factors (CEF) were used to release information on energy consumption and carbon emission to building users. At the same time, the differential effects of building envelope and external temperature in the Building Information Modelling were considered. An optimisation method of building low‐carbon energy consumption strategy considering both the building and power carbon emission was established to improve the comprehensive carbon reduction ability of the building and power system. The simulation results show that the proposed method effectively coordinates the building virtual energy storage and demand response. By incorporating the dynamic energy carbon transaction cost into the objective function, the target signal of carbon reduction is transmitted to users so that the volatility of the renewable Energy and other random energy behaviours can be considered in the dynamic CEF.
Paris, je t‘aime – Weltergotherapiekongress 2022
Authors: Mischner Julia
Published: September 2022

Ende August fanden sich mehr als 2000 Ergotherapeut*innen aus der ganzen Welt in Paris zusammen, um den Weltergotherapiekongress zu begehen. Die ergopraxis-Redaktion war mit dabei und berichtet von diesem beeindruckenden Event.
Raus aus der Helferfalle – Lösungsorientiertes Mindset
Authors: Hiebl Sara , Wiedemann Florian
Published: September 2022

Verausgaben Sie sich manchmal bis zur Erschöpfung in der Therapie, und der Klient möchte einfach nicht selbst aktiv werden? Möglicherweise haben Sie gelernt, seine Probleme lösen zu wollen. Da kann es helfen, das eigene Mindset zu hinterfragen und das ein oder andere Konditionierungs-Monster zu verbannen.
Guest Encapsulation Scope of a Triptycene-Based Pd2L4 Coordination Cage
Authors: Hasegawa Shota , Baksi Ananya , Chen Bin , Clever Guido H.
Published: September 2022

The scope of a lantern-shaped, triptycene-based Pd2L4 coordination cage to encapsulate various carbon-rich guests was investigated. The cage was found to bind two molecules of corannulene and a variety of C60 derivatives in moderate to quantitative yields. Non-disruptive extraction of encapsulated fullerene derivative PC61BM from the cage was demonstrated by the simple addition of CS2 into an acetonitrile solution of the host–guest complex. This process can be accomplished in a layer-to-layer fashion, and thus, the recovered cage can be further utilized in a recycling process. As this self-assembled host is readily synthesized and able to transfer fullerenes and a range of its derivatives into polar organic solvents, it allows facilitating purification, chemical modification and solid-state processing of fullerenes for a range of materials applications.
The Choice between Plasma-Based Common Coagulation Tests and Cell-Based Viscoelastic Tests in Monitoring Hemostatic Competence: Not an either–or Proposition
Authors: Bunch Connor M. , Berquist Margaret , Ansari Aida , McCoy Max L. , Langford Jack H. , Brenner Toby J. , Aboukhaled Michael , Thomas Samuel J. , Peck Ethan , Patel Shivani , Cancel Emily , Al-Fadhl Mahmoud D. , Zackariya Nuha , Thomas Anthony V. , Aversa John G. , Greene Ryan B. , Seder Christopher W. , Speybroeck Jacob , Miller Joseph B. , Kwaan Hau C. , Walsh Mark M.
Published: September 2022

There has been a significant interest in the last decade in the use of viscoelastic tests (VETs) to determine the hemostatic competence of bleeding patients. Previously, common coagulation tests (CCTs) such as the prothrombin time (PT) and partial thromboplastin time (PTT) were used to assist in the guidance of blood component and hemostatic adjunctive therapy for these patients. However, the experience of decades of VET use in liver failure with transplantation, cardiac surgery, and trauma has now spread to obstetrical hemorrhage and congenital and acquired coagulopathies. Since CCTs measure only 5 to 10% of the lifespan of a clot, these assays have been found to be of limited use for acute surgical and medical conditions, whereby rapid results are required. However, there are medical indications for the PT/PTT that cannot be supplanted by VETs. Therefore, the choice of whether to use a CCT or a VET to guide blood component therapy or hemostatic adjunctive therapy may often require consideration of both methodologies. In this review, we provide examples of the relative indications for CCTs and VETs in monitoring hemostatic competence of bleeding patients.
Ultrasound Changes of Postoperative Adhesion Types Over Time in Children
Authors: Alamdaran Seyed Ali , Vahed Seyed Hamidreza , Seyedin Golnaz
Published: September 2022

Postoperative fibrotic band formation is a common complication that causes bowel obstruction, chronic pain, and especially reoperation problems. We tried to evaluate the ultrasound signs of different adhesions over time in children. This descriptive study was performed in children hospital of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. Sixty-five children aged 4 months to 15 years (mean age of 7.2 ± 6.5 years) were enrolled in the study. Complete abdominal sonography using 5 to 12 MHz multifrequency probes was performed by a pediatric radiologist. The sonographic findings and data analysis were performed. In first week after surgery, the fibrinous exudates are seen as hypoechoic shadows. It has uneven thickness and usually encases the bowel loops in a circular shape. In second week, they gradually become straighter with uniform thickness. In this period, in 68% of cases, a hyperechoic line is formed in the center of hypoechoic fibrinous exudates, which is usually placed between the bowel loops (interloop fibrosis). The omentum or mesentery entrapment in the fibrinous exudates was occurred in ∼50% and 25% of these cases, respectively. In this state, echogenic omentum or mesentery was seen simultaneously with the hypoechoic fibrinous exudates. After 1 month from surgical procedure, One of the following four sonographic patterns are seen: attachment hyperechoic omentum to retroperitoneum (50%), attachment hyperechoic mesentery to anterior abdominal wall (26%), interloop fibrosis (39%), and severe hypoechoic fibrotic band (30%). Absence of visceral sliding was seen in 65 to 80% of patients. Overall, there are five morphologic patterns of adhesion on ultrasound: fibrinous exudates, interloop fibrosis, fibrotic band, fixed omentum to retroperitoneum, and fixed mesentery to abdominal wall.
Nonlinear dynamic behavior of a dual-rotor bearing system with coupling misalignment and rubbing faults
Authors: Kuan Lu , Hui Cheng , Wentao Zhang , Haopeng Zhang , Kaifu Zhang , Chao Fu
Published: September 2022

Taking the dual-rotor system in an aero-engine as a research object, the vibration behaviors of a dual-rotor bearing system that is fault-free or has misalignment, rub-impact or misalignment rub-impact coupling faults are studied, respectively. First, the three-dimensional model of the dual rotor bearing system is established, and then the first six modes and critical speeds of the dual rotor bearing system are obtained by the finite element method. Then, the dynamic equations of the dual rotor bearing system with and without faults are derived based on the Lagrange method. The Runge–Kutta method is used to solve the dynamic equation, and the nonlinear dynamic response of the system is obtained. The vibrational behaviors of the dual rotor system with misalignment, rub-impact and misalignment rub-impact coupling faults are analyzed and discussed through the time history, phase diagram and frequency spectrum of the rotor. The vibrational behaviors of the first six modes of the dual rotor system with and without faults are analyzed, respectively. The results provide theoretical guidance for the structural optimization design of an aero-engine rotor system and the prior decision information for misalignment and rub-impact coupling fault diagnosis.
Comparative study of CdS&TiO2 based polyaniline/polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposites as electrode for supercapacitors
Authors: Abdel Maged Fatma , Shawkey Heba A , Rayan Diaa A , Turky G M
Published: September 2022

The researchers used the oxidative chemical polymerization of aniline to prepare the polyaniline/polyvinyl alcohol (PANI/PVA) blend and its nanocomposites loaded with cadmium sulfide and Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (CdS-NPs & TiO2-NPs) were synthesized by aniline oxidative chemical polymerization. CdS and TiO2 were incorporated into the prepared nanocomposite to reinforce the mechanical and electrical energy storage performance. XRD revealed the presence of CdS NPs & TiO2 NPs in the polymer matrix; meanwhile, SEM confirms they are well dispersion in the polymer matrix and are dispersed well on the superficies of the synthesized nanocomposites. The presence of characteristic peaks in the Fourier transforms infrared proved the compatibility of the investigated nanocomposite. This study demonstrates how stable the synthesized samples are, with residual material for TiO2/PANI/PVA exceeding 60% even at 800 °C and for CdS/PANI/PVA exceeding 33% at 800 °C. The capacitance of CdS/PVA/PANI nanocomposites (492.29 F.g−1) at 1 A.g−1. The CdS/PVA/PANI and TiO2/PVA/PANI nanocomposites possesses the maximum Es of 2343.65 Wh.kg−1 and 373.17 Wh.kg−1. The CdS/PVA/PANI nanocomposites had the highest energy storage and power density among these binary hybrids. A broadband dielectric spectroscopy was used to examine the electrical and dielectric properties of the prepared samples over a broad range of frequencies and at four selected temperatures. The growth in dc caused by the rise in temperature from 25 to 150 °C (from 10−12 to 10−7 S cm−1) was around five decades as well as the second nanocomposite, TiO2/PANI/PVA, has slightly higher conductivity. The study shows that the blend behaves similarly to its two nanocomposites in the activation plot. However, the blend has higher dc-conductivity by about four orders of magnitude, and an electrode polarization is developed accompanied by apparently colossal ε′ values. This makes it very promising for applications in many fields of advanced microelectronics.
Impact of Urban Street Network on BIPV Generation Capacity of Buildings
Authors: Duran Ayca , Akgul Cagla Meral , Dino Ipek Gursel
Published: September 2022

Climate change necessitates a critical reconsideration of the built environment since buildings are among the top fossil fuel consumers. Solar energy generation through building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems is one of the most common onsite energy generation methods. However, many factors regarding urban morphology can negatively affect BIPV generation. Urban block typologies and spatial patterns are commonly studied descriptive metrics of an urban morphology that affect the solar energy potential. Similarly, the street network pattern is a measure of the spatial quality of an urban environment. Although various urban morphology indicators have been extensively studied in relation to solar energy potential, a comparative analysis of urban fabric focusing on street network patterns is also needed. In this study, four representative urban areas with different morphological characteristics are studied. The selected morphologies are parametrically modelled and compared with different building height configurations. A comparative analysis of BIPV generation capacity per square meter façade or roof area is presented. Urban areas without a dominating street network pattern have resulted in greater PV generation on facades, whereas the impact of urban morphology was found negligible for roof PV potential. The findings of this research have the potential to aid in urban planning and architectural design decisions, as well as the efficient use of BIPV systems in diverse urban morphologies.
Evaluation of increased electricity production when cooling solar panels
Authors: Rupar-Gadd K , Nguyen T , Mahapatra K
Published: September 2022

A municipal housing company located in the south of Sweden has energy renovated several buildings with a total of 380 apartments to meet today’s energy standards. Several energy efficient technologies and solutions were implemented and the energy consumption for these buildings were lowered by 50%. One of the buildings functions as a demonstration building for innovative solutions such as low temperature district heating, waste water heat recovery, and solar photovoltaic and thermal (PVT) panels. The solar PVT panels are cooled down with the main purpose to increase the electricity production. The cooling medium for these panels is circulated through two bedrock boreholes to dissipate the collected heat. The heat from the boreholes is then used for an electric heat pump to produce heat to send to the local district heating company. The electricity produced is primarily used in the building. The objective of this paper is to assess the electricity production from real-life outdoor Photovoltaic-thermal (PVT) plant. The plant was installed on the roof top of an energy renovated multi-family apartment building located in the south of Sweden. The cooling of the panels were turned on and off to assess if the electricity production would increase or not. The electricity production did not increase when the cooling was applied. The temperature measuring equipment which was installed at the wrong position and was supposed to measure the temperature at the back of the PVT is needed to compare the efficiency of the PVT plant and draw further conclusions.
Effect of design assumptions on the performance evaluation of zero energy housing
Authors: Guerra-Santin O , Xu L , Boess S , Beek E van
Published: September 2022

Renovation projects in social housing tend to focus on diminishing the costs of the renovation. An affordable solution is sought for an average household, thus assumptions are made about the residents’ behaviour when calculating the energy performance of the dwellings. However, households have different needs and preferences, and therefore the actual use of the building can affect the achievement of the zero energy goals. In the Netherlands, until 2020, the calculation of the energy performance coefficient (EPC) was necessary to obtain building permission. The EPC was calculated based on standardised occupancy, and took into account the characteristics of the building envelope and installations. Furthermore, the EPV (energieprestatievergoeding, energy performance compensation in English) is an instrument used by housing associations and landlords to recover part of their investments in renovating social housing into (nearly) zero energy homes through a regulated increase in the rent, while protecting the residents from increase on their costs of living. In this research, we used a monitoring case study in the Netherlands to investigate the effect of assumptions made during design regarding occupants’ behaviour, preferences, needs and lifestyle on achieving energy neutrality goals. The following questions are answered: What assumptions where made during the design of the building, and how do they differ from actual behaviour?, and what are the consequences of the behaviour for the performance of the building and for the EPV? The objective of this research is to determine the importance of design assumptions in the design and evaluation of zero energy buildings.
Residents’ comfort perceptions in domestic heritage buildings
Authors: Wise F , Moncaster A , Jones D
Published: September 2022

Reducing energy and associated carbon emissions from the existing built environment is critically important to meet our climate goals. Heritage buildings are often presented in the literature as energy inefficient, and uncomfortable to inhabit. There is however little research into residents’ perceptions of comfort in these buildings to support this view, while there is some evidence to suggest that heritage buildings may be more thermally comfortable than generally assumed. This paper interrogates a survey of 147 residents of pre-1940 heritage buildings in Cumbria, UK, to examine residents’ comfort perceptions. This survey is compared with secondary data from other UK studies on residential comfort. Results are elucidated with more detailed responses from interviews with 16 heritage households. Three key findings were made. First, heritage buildings are perceived to have broadly comparable thermal performance to more modern UK buildings by their residents. Second, the survey results and interviews found that residents perceive their buildings to perform particularly well in summer, keeping comfortably cool in hot weather. In contrast, the literature suggests that newer homes often appear to suffer from overheating. Third, although many Cumbrian residents found their buildings draughty, a large percentage would not prefer less ventilation, with case study participants citing their enjoyment of fresh air. These results are highly relevant for successful approaches to renovation and the implementation of the European Renovation Wave. Renovations are often promoted to heritage residents for their comfort improvement potential. However, if buildings are already perceived as broadly comfortable this may not be a key driver. Alternative motivations may therefore need to be identified to drive renovation uptake. The findings also highlight the importance of maintaining positive aspects such as good summer performance.
SchoolVent pilot ventilation system with indirect adiabatic cooling and high efficiency filtering
Authors: Jacobs Piet , Khoury Eliane , Klerk Marius , Valkema Michel
Published: September 2022

Existing schools are badly insulated and often suffer from inadequate ventilation and cold in winter and too high temperatures in summer. Further schools nearby a busy road require high efficiency filtering, which traditionally lead to high pressure drops and installation noise. Current ventilation systems suitable for renovation often require expensive commissioning measurements and lack monitoring facilities during the use phase.With the development of the SchoolVent system we have solved these problems in an energy efficient manner. Core of the system is a balanced ventilation system with heat recovery. The heat exchanger is also used for indirect adiabatic cooling. For filtering a high efficiency and low pressure drop electrostatic filtration system is scaled up to 10.000 m3/hour. With this airflow 5 classrooms can be conditioned. The components have first been tested in the TNO laboratory. After that a pilot has been started on the Montessori Lyceum in Zeist. The main results of the monitoring during 2019/2020 are a heat recovery efficiency between 60 and 75%. With regard to the indoor climate class A of the “PvE Frisse scholen” has been achieved for summer and winter temperature and for CO2 concentration. With regard to filtration depending on the flowrate the specifications of an E10 – E11 filter have been obtained. In the climatized class rooms this lead to a 70 – 96% lower PM2.5 concentration compared to a reference classroom. The system has been further optimized with regard to installation costs and in 2021 another 14 classrooms are equipped with the SchoolVent system.
Assessing hybrid heat pump performance in simulated field-trial using hardware in the loop
Authors: Bulut Y , Kemp R E J , Koot J , Wijhe A
Published: September 2022

Low-carbon heat generators such as (hybrid) heat pumps are very sensitive to operating conditions. Insight into the real-world performance of such systems is essential for stakeholders in order to make informed decisions regarding product design, commissioning systems and predicting energy use. In this research an emulator facility was developed which allows the testing of physical water-based heating generators in a simulated environment whereby a climate chamber simulates outdoor temperature and humidity and a ’heat rejection rig’ couples the tested equipment hydronics to the virtual heat emitter system. The equipment is tested against a fully dynamic house and heating system model. As demonstration case studies for the facility, two hybrid heat pumps have been tested with models of a typical 1970s terraced Dutch house. Weather conditions were based on six representative heating season days. Relevant performance indicators for these tests are gas and electricity consumption, heat pump COP and how these vary across the range of reference days. The results suggest the product control strategy and installer settings have a significant effect on performance indicators. Space heating gas use can be reduced by >60% in some cases while maintaining reasonable heat pump COP. The results highlight the potential to improve product controls and provide guidance for how hybrids should be configured, and hence the facility’s value in product optimisation and knowledge generation.
A structured approach for governing sustainable heat transitions in building renovation of towns and cities
Authors: Harvey-Scholes C , de Vyver I Van , Connor P M , Dutta A , Hoppe T , Itten A , Fremouw M , Debbaut L , Hannewijk A , Versol W , Gitton R
Published: September 2022

Pioneer cities have demonstrated a willingness and capability to decarbonise local heat systems, but support is needed to scale up action. Heat decarbonisation is not simply a technical challenge, but also a political and social one; stakeholders must inform decisions about appropriate technological and policy solutions and will, in turn, be affected by them. Taking three dimensions of stakeholders, technology, and policy, a structured approach which centres stakeholders is presented to help local government to collaboratively find appropriate technology and policy solutions, both at the strategic scale across the municipality and in localised pilot projects, and explores how to initialise and support heat decarbonisation in more cities.
Understanding the progress of sustainable urban development through energy performance
Authors: der Leer J van , Femenias P , Granath K
Published: September 2022

The development of energy efficient buildings has been identified as a crucial part of the challenge to reach climate targets. Energy performance requirements are one of the most concrete and actionable parts of the sustainability program of urban development processes. However, after construction, there is often a lack of evaluation and follow-up of the energy performance requirements for the buildings, which limits the understanding of the state and progress of sustainable urban development processes and the ability to capture lessons learned related to energy performance. The aim of this paper is to provide insight into how the actual energy performance of buildings relates to the development process of an urban district that has been developed with a high sustainability profile. The urban district of Kvillebäcken (Gothenburg, Sweden) is used as a case study. The results of this paper contribute to a better understanding of the efficiency of the energy performance requirement as a tool during the urban development process, taking the actual energy performance of the buildings as a starting point.
Pathways towards carbon neutrality: A participatory analysis of the Gothenburg’s energy plan
Authors: Maiullari D , Palm A , Wallbaum H , Thuvander L
Published: September 2022

Among International Energy Agency members, Sweden is one of the upfront countries in implementing energy policies to achieve zero net emissions. Despite having the lowest share of fossil sources in its primary energy supply, becoming carbon neutral by 2045 is a challenging target. To meet the national goal, cities’ roadmaps and strategic plans have a leading role in facilitating the implementation of energy efficiency measures and renewable production systems. However, succeeding in city energy transitions requires envisioning and understanding of risk and vulnerability levels of the new socio-technical energy system. This study presents a review of the City of Gothenburg’s Energy Plan 2022-2030 and discusses potential challenges for its implementation. Based on a document study, stakeholder workshop, and interviews the research identifies four key aspects: i) the coordination between energy and urban planning, ii) the future stability of district heating and cooling, iii) the balance in electrification of the buildings and transport, iv) communication and tools in decision-making processes. Finally, the study suggests new measures that should be allocated in the plan to guarantee the development of instruments and analysis for addressing the identified challenges.
Method for identifying clusters of buildings with a similar renovation potential
Authors: Verellen Evelien , Allacker Karen
Published: September 2022

In the context of the Renovation Wave, clustered renovations might be a potential approach to increase the renovation rate. In this paper a new methodology is presented to cluster buildings based on their renovation potential in view of grouped renovation actions. These clusters are defined at city scale. In this study the city of Leuven (Belgium) was used as a case study. The criteria to develop the clusters of buildings include both building parameters and occupant profiles in order to estimate both the renovation potential of the building as the willingness of the building owner. The resulting clusters of buildings are evaluated by assessing the willingness of the building owners and the profitability, scalability and feasibility of the buildings within the defined clusters. The methodology proposed can be used to support local authorities in identifying the renovation potential and opportunities for group actions to renovate their building stock.
Developing a new circular value system around Thypa sandwich panels
Authors: Oostra M , Brinksma H , Weeren A van
Published: September 2022

Green ambitions are piling up for the existing built environment in Europe. The European Renovation Wave envisions large scale retrofitting, in order to reduce CO2 emissions. At the same time the target for a circular economy in 2050 makes it necessary to reconsider current solutions for retrofitting. Additionally, the need to reduce environmental impact and increase biodiversity is resulting in a shift towards more biobased solutions. Finally, the European Pillar of Social Rights aims to safeguard inclusivity. As usual, member states are obliged to translate European ambitions into their national policies which will lead to new rules and regulations construction products and value systems need to comply with. Since it is not evident that current solutions can comply with these, it is interesting to look at the potential of a new biobased solution. Recent research as part of the Dutch IEBB consortium has resulted in an inventory of preconditions and guidelines for the design of value systems aiming to comply with the projected ambitions for a decarbonized, circular and inclusive economy. The outcomes are based on literature study in combination with experiences of parties involved in product development, the assembly of a value system and the drawing up of the main structure for an appropriate business model dedicated to the production of Thypa sandwich panels.
SunSmart – The First Affordable, Energy Optimized Smart Window
Authors: Mann D , Yeung CPK , Habets R , Zandvoort R Van , Leufkens L , Hupperetz J , Out D , Valckenborg R , Vroon Z , Buskens P
Published: September 2022

Reducing energy consumption and CO2 emissions becomes more and more important. Not only because of climate change related issues, but also to realize our ambition to become energy independent. To increase the energy-efficiency in buildings, we developed a thermochromic coating for smart windows which is optimized for climates with seasonal changes. Here we present the first results of our smart window performing in real environment. We show that measured solar transmission and thermochromic performance is comparable to measurements in the lab. Furthermore, we present a further optimized thermochromic coating with record optical properties of Tvis
= 70% and ΔTsol
= 20.1%. Via a building energy simulation study using data from this high performing coating, we show that energy savings between 17-37% can be achieved in the Netherlands, depending on the building type. Furthermore we show that by the use of our new smart window annual energy cost savings between 266 – 553 EUR/a for a single household can be achieved. The thermochromic coating usually accounts for 60 – 70% of these cost savings equaling between 8 – 10 EUR/a per m2 glass. Due to the low material and processing costs for the thermochromic coating, an attractive return on invest with market conform profit margin is possible.
Optimization of nanofiber gratings for efficient single-photon collection
Authors: Sahu Subrat , Nayak Kali P , Jha Rajan
Published: September 2022

We report on a simulation of a nanophotonic cavity constructed by designing periodic holes on an optical nanofiber to realize light–matter interaction. The cavity is designed using finite-difference time-domain simulations to maximize the coupling of spontaneous emission from a quantum emitter into fiber-guided modes. We systematically analyze the dependence of spontaneous emission on the quantum emitter position, polarization, and the grating strength (number of periods). We show that coupling efficiencies as high as 87% and 83% can be realized for a dipole emitter placed at the center of the nanofiber with polarization perpendicular (x-pol) and parallel (y-pol) to the hole-axis, respectively. This system may attract various quantum photonic applications based on single-photon sources.
Circularly polarized wearable antenna with low specific absorption rate and high gain based on artificial magnetic conductor
Authors: Li Na , Wang Yan , Tian Yanwei , Bao Jianqiang , Rao Xin , Shan Yuyu , Xu Bonan
Published: September 2022

Aiming at wearable electronic equipment in wireless body area network communication, we propose a circularly polarized wearable antenna based on artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) for the problem of unreliable data transmission of linearly polarized wearable antenna and reduction of transmission distance due to the low gain of antenna. The AMC of in-phase reflection reflects the backward radiation to the top to reduce the damage of the antenna to human body. And the polarization direction of the reflected wave reflected through AMC is the same as that of the main direction, which makes the radiation performance of the antenna improved. Meanwhile, the antenna is flexible and lightweight due to the use of flexible polyimide and graphene films as the substrate and conductor materials. The antenna was also simulated and the prototype was fabricated and tested. The simulation results show that the working bandwidth covers 2.4–2.48 GHz, and the peak gain is 8.09 dBi. The peak specific absorption rate of 1 g and 10 g of human tissue at an input power of 350 mW is 1.48 W kg−1 and 0.65 W kg−1, respectively, which meets the safety standards.
Seeing Madness in the Archives
Authors: Lambe Ariel Mae
Published: September 2022

What does it mean for the historian to be silent about mental illness in her life and also to perceive silence about mental illness in the archives? This essay explores the significance of the historian seeing mental illness and ableism in the historical archive, in her family history, and in herself. It examines the significance of mad identity for the historian, her historical subjects, and the discipline of history more broadly. It celebrates breaking the silence ableism inflicts and asserting madness.
SpaceX: gene co-expression network estimation for spatial transcriptomics
Authors: Acharyya Satwik , Zhou Xiang , Baladandayuthapani Veerabhadran
Published: September 2022

Motivation

The analysis of spatially resolved transcriptome enables the understanding of the spatial interactions between the cellular environment and transcriptional regulation. In particular, the characterization of the gene–gene co-expression at distinct spatial locations or cell types in the tissue enables delineation of spatial co-regulatory patterns as opposed to standard differential single gene analyses. To enhance the ability and potential of spatial transcriptomics technologies to drive biological discovery, we develop a statistical framework to detect gene co-expression patterns in a spatially structured tissue consisting of different clusters in the form of cell classes or tissue domains.

Results

We develop SpaceX (spatially dependent gene co-expression network), a Bayesian methodology to identify both shared and cluster-specific co-expression network across genes. SpaceX uses an over-dispersed spatial Poisson model coupled with a high-dimensional factor model which is based on a dimension reduction technique for computational efficiency. We show via simulations, accuracy gains in co-expression network estimation and structure by accounting for (increasing) spatial correlation and appropriate noise distributions. In-depth analysis of two spatial transcriptomics datasets in mouse hypothalamus and human breast cancer using SpaceX, detected multiple hub genes which are related to cognitive abilities for the hypothalamus data and multiple cancer genes (e.g. collagen family) from the tumor region for the breast cancer data.

Availability and implementation

The SpaceX R-package is available at github.com/bayesrx/SpaceX.

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.