bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A multi-country assessment of factors related to smallholder food security in varying rainfall conditions
Authors: Niles Meredith T. , Brown Molly E.
Published: November 2017

Given that smallholder farmers are frequently food insecure and rely significantly on rain-fed agriculture, it is critical to examine climate variability and food insecurity. We utilize data from smallholder farmer surveys from 12 countries with 30 years of rainfall data to examine how rainfall variability and household resources are correlated with food security. We find that on average, households that experienced a drier than average year are 3.81 months food insecure, while households within a normal range of rainfall were 3.67 months food insecure, and wetter than average households were 2.86 months food insecure. Reduced odds of food insecurity is associated with agricultural inputs, ownership of livestock, water use efficiency, financial services, and participation in a group. However, in drier than average households, financial services as compared to agricultural inputs and agroecological practices have a greater prevalence of reduced instances of food insecurity, while agricultural inputs are more common for reduced food insecurity in wetter than average households. Only the use of fertilizer consistently results in reduced odds of food insecurity across all households regardless of rainfall, demonstrating that one-size fits all approaches to food security interventions are likely ineffective, and place-specific interventions considering climatic factors are critically important.
Fast and Reliable Differentiation of Eight Trichinella Species Using a High Resolution Melting Assay
Authors: Reslová Nikol , Škorpíková Lucie , Slaný Michal , Pozio Edoardo , Kašný Martin
Published: November 2017

High resolution melting analysis (HRMA) is a single-tube method, which can be carried out rapidly as an additional step following real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). The method enables the differentiation of genetic variation (down to single nucleotide polymorphisms) in amplified DNA fragments without sequencing. HRMA has previously been adopted to determine variability in the amplified genes of a number of organisms. However, only one work to date has focused on pathogenic parasites–nematodes from the genus Trichinella. In this study, we employed a qPCR-HRMA assay specifically targeting two sequential gene fragments–cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and expansion segment V (ESV), in order to differentiate 37 single L1 muscle larvae samples of eight Trichinella species. We show that qPCR-HRMA based on the mitochondrial COI gene allows differentiation between the sequences of PCR products of the same length. This simple, rapid and reliable method can be used to identify at the species level single larvae of eight Trichinella taxa.
Current data on extremities chronic osteomyelitis in southwest China: epidemiology, microbiology and therapeutic consequences
Authors: Wang Xiaohua , Yu Shengpeng , Sun Dong , Fu Jingshu , Wang Shulin , Huang Ke , Xie Zhao
Published: November 2017

The current study was designed to explore the epidemiology of extremities chronic osteomyelitis, its prognosis and the complications of the treatment methods being used in southwest China. The data from osteomyelitis patients treated at the Department of Orthopaedics, Southwest Hospital, China between May 2011 and September 2016 were collected and analysed. The study comprised 503 admitted patients, of which 416 males and 87 were females, with an average age of 40.15 ± 5.64 years. Approximately 356 cases were followed for more than 18 months; the average bone union time was 6.24 ± 0.76 months in 94.1% (335) patients, and infections were almost controlled in 93.8% patients. The rate of infection control with the induced membrane technique was higher than with the I-stage free bone graft. Iliac infection was the main complication of the induced membrane technique, and impaired joint activity was the main complication of I-stage free bone grafts. In southwest China, the incidence of haematogenous osteomyelitis, caused mainly by Staphylococcus aureus, remains very high. The speed of bone defect repair and the rate of infection control with the induced membrane technique were superior to those of I-stage free bone grafts. Internal fixation should be given priority because it offers reduced complications with no increase in the recurrence of infection.
Population pharmacokinetics of remifentanil in critically ill patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Authors: Yang Seungwon , Noh Hayeon , Hahn Jongsung , Jin Byung Hak , Min Kyoung Lok , Bae Soo Kyung , Kim Jiseon , Park Min Soo , Hong Taegon , Wi Jin , Chang Min Jung
Published: November 2017

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is associated with pharmacokinetic (PK) changes of drugs. It presents considerable challenges to providing optimal dosing regimens for patients receiving ECMO. We aimed to describe the population PK of remifentanil in critically ill adult patients receiving venoartrial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) and to identify determinants associated with altered remifentanil concentrations. The population PK model of remifentanil was developed using nonlinear mixed effects modelling (NONMEM). Fifteen adult patients who received a continuous infusion of remifentanil during VA-ECMO participated in the study. The PK of remifentanil was best described by a one-compartment model with additive and proportional residual errors. Remifentanil concentrations were affected by sex and ECMO pump speed. The final PK model included the effect of sex and ECMO pump speed on clearance is developed as followed: clearance (L/h) = 366 × 0.502sex × (ECMO pump speed/2350)2.04 and volume (L) = 41. Remifentanil volume and clearance were increased in adult patients on VA-ECMO compared with previously reported patients not on ECMO. We suggest that clinicians should consider an increased remifentanil dosing to achieve the desired level of sedation and provide a dosing regimen according to sex and ECMO pump speed.
The O-specific polysaccharide lyase from the phage LKA1 tailspike reduces Pseudomonas virulence
Authors: Olszak Tomasz , Shneider Mikhail M. , Latka Agnieszka , Maciejewska Barbara , Browning Christopher , Sycheva Lada V. , Cornelissen Anneleen , Danis-Wlodarczyk Katarzyna , Senchenkova Sofya N. , Shashkov Alexander S. , Gula Grzegorz , Arabski Michal , Wasik Slawomir , Miroshnikov Konstantin A. , Lavigne Rob , Leiman Petr G. , Knirel Yuriy A. , Drulis-Kawa Zuzanna
Published: November 2017

Pseudomonas phage LKA1 of the subfamily Autographivirinae encodes a tailspike protein (LKA1gp49) which binds and cleaves B-band LPS (O-specific antigen, OSA) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. The crystal structure of LKA1gp49 catalytic domain consists of a beta-helix, an insertion domain and a C-terminal discoidin-like domain. The putative substrate binding and processing site is located on the face of the beta-helix whereas the C-terminal domain is likely involved in carbohydrates binding. NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry analyses of degraded LPS (OSA) fragments show an O5 serotype-specific polysaccharide lyase specificity. LKA1gp49 reduces virulence in an in vivo Galleria mellonella infection model and sensitizes P. aeruginosa to serum complement activity. This enzyme causes biofilm degradation and does not affect the activity of ciprofloxacin and gentamicin. This is the first comprehensive report on LPS-degrading lyase derived from a Pseudomonas phage. Biological properties reveal a potential towards its applications in antimicrobial design and as a microbiological or biotechnological tool.
A novel peptidic inhibitor derived from Streptococcus cristatus ArcA attenuates virulence potential of Porphyromonas gingivalis
Authors: Ho Meng-Hsuan , Lamont Richard J. , Xie Hua
Published: November 2017

Periodontitis is a global health problem and the 6th most common infectious disease worldwide. Porphyromonas gingivalis is considered a keystone pathogen in the disease and is capable of elevating the virulence potential of the periodontal microbial community. Strategies that interfere with P. gingivalis colonization and expression of virulence factor are therefore attractive approaches for preventing and treating periodontitis. We have previously reported that an 11-mer peptide (SAPP) derived from Streptococcus cristatus arginine deiminase (ArcA) was able to repress the expression and production of several well-known P. gingivalis virulence factors including fimbrial proteins and gingipains. Herein we expand and develop these studies to ascertain the impact of this peptide on phenotypic properties of P. gingivalis related to virulence potential. We found that growth rate was not altered by exposure of P. gingivalis to SAPP, while monospecies and heterotypic biofilm formation, and invasion of oral epithelial cells were inhibited. Additionally, SAPP was able to impinge the ability of P. gingivalis to dysregulate innate immunity by repressing gingipain-associated degradation of interleukin-8 (IL8). Hence, SAPP has characteristics that could be exploited for the manipulation of P. gingivalis levels in oral communities and preventing realization of virulence potential.
The Neural Basis of Changing Social Norms through Persuasion
Authors: Yomogida Yukihito , Matsumoto Madoka , Aoki Ryuta , Sugiura Ayaka , Phillips Adam N. , Matsumoto Kenji
Published: November 2017

Social norms regulate behavior, and changes in norms have a great impact on society. In most modern societies, norms change through interpersonal communication and persuasive messages found in media. Here, we examined the neural basis of persuasion-induced changes in attitude toward and away from norms using fMRI. We measured brain activity while human participants were exposed to persuasive messages directed toward specific norms. Persuasion directed toward social norms specifically activated a set of brain regions including temporal poles, temporo-parietal junction, and medial prefrontal cortex. Beyond these regions, when successful, persuasion away from an accepted norm specifically recruited the left middle temporal and supramarginal gyri. Furthermore, in combination with data from a separate attitude-rating task, we found that left supramarginal gyrus activity represented participant attitude toward norms and tracked the persuasion-induced attitude changes that were away from agreement.
Stable Hydrothermal Waves at Steady State Evaporating Droplet Surface
Authors: Zhong Xin , Duan Fei
Published: November 2017

Stable hydrothermal waves (HTWs) are found at a sessile ethanol droplet surface under the steady state evaporation. It is different from those which greatly decrease with the evaporation time in the transient droplet drying process. This study removes the possible effect of shrinking droplet on HTWs. An analysis of the dimensionless numbers indicates the increasingly enhanced role of thermocapillary instabilities upon raising the substrate temperature. The onset HTWs can be continuously maintained under the steady state evaporation conditions. Interestingly, the stable number of HTWs follows a linear fitting with the dimensionless factor incorporating the normalized temperature difference between the substrate and the surroundings and the droplet aspect ratio. The temperature heterogeneity of HTWs is intensified by increasing the substrate temperature. The stable HTWs exhibit the “one source-to-one sink” propagation at lower substrate temperatures. However, such directional traveling, normally presented in the transient HTWs in the drying droplet, is changed at the higher substrate temperatures due to the newly emerged sources and sinks under the steady state conditions.
Low-temperature fabrication of an HfO2 passivation layer for amorphous indium–gallium–zinc oxide thin film transistors using a solution process
Authors: Hong Seonghwan , Park Sung Pyo , Kim Yeong-gyu , Kang Byung Ha , Na Jae Won , Kim Hyun Jae
Published: November 2017

We report low-temperature solution processing of hafnium oxide (HfO2) passivation layers for amorphous indium–gallium–zinc oxide (a-IGZO) thin-film transistors (TFTs). At 150 °C, the hafnium chloride (HfCl4) precursor readily hydrolyzed in deionized (DI) water and transformed into an HfO2 film. The fabricated HfO2 passivation layer prevented any interaction between the back surface of an a-IGZO TFT and ambient gas. Moreover, diffused Hf4+ in the back-channel layer of the a-IGZO TFT reduced the oxygen vacancy, which is the origin of the electrical instability in a-IGZO TFTs. Consequently, the a-IGZO TFT with the HfO2 passivation layer exhibited improved stability, showing a decrease in the threshold voltage shift from 4.83 to 1.68 V under a positive bias stress test conducted over 10,000 s.
Structural Mechanism of the Oxygenase JMJD6 Recognition by the Extraterminal (ET) Domain of BRD4
Authors: Konuma Tsuyoshi , Yu Di , Zhao Chengcheng , Ju Ying , Sharma Rajal , Ren Chunyan , Zhang Qiang , Zhou Ming-Ming , Zeng Lei
Published: November 2017

Jumonji domain-containing protein 6 (JMJD6) is a member of the Jumonji C family of Fe(II) and 2-oxoglutarate (2OG) dependent oxygenases. It possesses unique bi-functional oxygenase activities, acting as both an arginine demethylase and a lysyl-hydroxylase. JMJD6 has been reported to be over-expressed in oral, breast, lung, and colon cancers and plays important roles in regulation of transcription through interactions with transcription regulator BRD4, histones, U2AF65, Luc7L3, and SRSF11. Here, we report a structural mechanism revealed by NMR of JMJD6 recognition by the extraterminal (ET) domain of BRD4 in that a JMJD6 peptide (Lys84-Asn96) adapts an α-helix when bound to the ET domain. This intermolecular recognition is established through JMJD6 interactions with the conserved hydrophobic core of the ET domain, and reinforced by electrostatic interactions of JMJD6 with residues in the inter-helical α1-α2 loop of the ET domain. Notably, this mode of ligand recognition is different from that of ET domain recognition of NSD3, LANA of herpesvirus, and integrase of MLV, which involves formation of an intermolecular amphipathic two- or three- strand antiparallel β sheet. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the association between the BRD4 ET domain and JMJD6 likely requires a protein conformational change induced by single-stranded RNA binding.
Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of blood. Part 3: a study of the correlation between blood conductivity and sedimentation to shorten the erythrocyte sedimentation rate test
Authors: Zhbanov A. , Yang S.
Published: November 2017

The study of erythrocyte aggregation and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is very important both for basic research and medical applications.
Direct alkylheteroarylation of alkenes via photoredox mediated C–H functionalization
Authors: Gu Lijun , Gao Ying , Ai Xianhong , Jin Cheng , He Yonghui , Li Ganpeng , Yuan Minglong
Published: November 2017

The direct alkylheteroarylation of alkenes with cyclic and acyclic ethers via distal heteroaryl ipso-migration has been accomplished through the design of a photoredox-mediated C–H functionalization pathway.
Dehalogenation of vicinal dihalo compounds by 1,1′-bis(trimethylsilyl)-1H,1′H-4,4′-bipyridinylidene for giving alkenes and alkynes in a salt-free manner
Authors: Rej Supriya , Pramanik Suman , Tsurugi Hayato , Mashima Kazushi
Published: November 2017

A transition metal- and salt-free dehalogenation of vicinal dihalo compounds by 1,1′-bis(trimethylsilyl)-1H,1′H-4,4′-bipyridinylidene under mild and convenient reaction conditions is reported.
Functionalized deltahedral Zintl complexes Ge9R3 (R = CF3, CN, and NO2): a new class of superhalogens
Authors: Reddy G. Naaresh , Parida Rakesh , Giri Santanab
Published: November 2017

First principle calculations on deltahedral Ge94− Zintl ions decorated with electron-withdrawing ligands show the formation of superhalogens.
Theoretical aspects of femtosecond double-pump single-molecule spectroscopy. I. Weak-field regime
Authors: Palacino-González Elisa , Gelin Maxim F. , Domcke Wolfgang
Published: November 2017

We present a theoretical description of double-pump femtosecond single-molecule signals with fluorescence detection.
Theoretical aspects of femtosecond double-pump single-molecule spectroscopy. II. Strong-field regime
Authors: Palacino-González Elisa , Gelin Maxim F. , Domcke Wolfgang
Published: November 2017

We investigate femtosecond double-pump single-molecule signals in the strong-field regime, which is characterized by nonlinear scaling of the signal with the intensity of the pump pulses.
Quantum stochastic trajectories: the Smoluchowski–Bohm equation
Authors: Avanzini Francesco , Moro Giorgio J.
Published: November 2017

A quantum molecular trajectory and its Smoluchowski–Bohm representation for the vibrational motion.
Vibrational relaxation dynamics of β-carotene and its derivatives with substituents on terminal rings in electronically excited states as studied by femtosecond time-resolved stimulated Raman spectroscopy in the near-IR region
Authors: Takaya Tomohisa , Anan Masato , Iwata Koichi
Published: November 2017

Time-resolved near-IR stimulated Raman spectroscopy indicates acceleration of vibrational relaxation in carotenoids by carbonyl substitution on their peripheral rings.
A combined continuous wave electron paramagnetic resonance and DFT calculations of copper-doped 3∞[Cd0.98Cu0.02(prz-trz-ia)] metal–organic framework
Authors: Kultaeva Anastasia , Biktagirov Timur , Bergmann Jens , Hensel Linda , Krautscheid Harald , Pöppl Andreas
Published: November 2017

Successful combination of EPR and DFT was applied for investigation the novel heteronuclear MOF compounds.
Temperature effect on the emission spectra of narrow band Mn4+phosphors for application in LEDs
Authors: Lesniewski Tadeusz , Mahlik Sebastian , Grinberg Marek , Liu Ru-Shi
Published: November 2017

In narrow-band Mn4+phosphors, as the temperature increases, the intensity of both Stokes and anti-Stokes phonon sidebands increases with respect to zero-phonon line.
Hydration peculiarities of graphene oxides with multiple oxidation degrees
Authors: Neto Antenor J. Paulista , Chaban Vitaly V. , Fileti Eudes E.
Published: November 2017

Hydration properties of graphene oxide (GOs) are essential for most of its potential applications.
The bond rupture force for sulfur chains calculated from quantum chemistry simulations and its relevance to the tensile strength of vulcanized rubber
Authors: Hanson David E. , Barber John L.
Published: November 2017

Via an explicit polymer network simulation model (EPnet) informed by quantum chemistry calculations, we predict from first principles the tensile failure stress for sulfur crosslinked (vulcanized) natural rubber.
Supramolecular organization of a H-bonded perylene bisimide organogelator determined by transmission electron microscopy, grazing incidence X-ray diffraction and polarized infra-red spectroscopy
Authors: Sarbu Alexandru , Hermet Patrick , Maurin David , Djurado David , Biniek Laure , Diebold Morgane , Bantignies Jean-Louis , Mésini Philippe , Brinkmann Martin
Published: November 2017

Polarized FTIR and TEM helps determine the supramolecular organization of PBI gelators.
Kinetic alteration of the 6Mg(NH2)2–9LiH–LiBH4 system by co-adding YCl3 and Li3N
Authors: Cao Hujun , Zhang Weijin , Pistidda Claudio , Puszkiel Julián , Milanese Chiara , Santoru Antonio , Karimi Fahim , Castro Riglos Maria Victoria , Gizer Gökhan , Welter Edmund , Bednarcik Jozef , Etter Martin , Chen Ping , Klassen Thomas , Dornheim Martin
Published: November 2017

The synergetic effects of Li3N and YCl3 enable the 6Mg(NH2)2–9LiH–LiBH4 system to fully re-hydrogenate within 8 min.
Crystal phase transition of urea: what governs the reaction kinetics in molecular crystal phase transitions
Authors: Shang Cheng , Zhang Xiao-Jie , Liu Zhi-Pan
Published: November 2017

The predominant type-I hydrogen-bonding network in urea crystals facilitates the solid-to-solid transformation between major crystal forms.
Decreased domain size of p-DTS(FBTTh2)2/P(NDI2OD-T2) blend films due to their different solution aggregation behavior at different temperatures
Authors: Zhou Ke , Zhao Qiaoqiao , Zhang Rui , Cao Xinxiu , Yu Xinhong , Liu Jiangang , Han Yanchun
Published: November 2017

We found that the domain size of p-DTS(FBTTh2)2/P(NDI2OD-T2) blend films was reduced in a process of aggregation limited phase separation at different temperatures.
Adsorption and diffusion of hydrogen and oxygen in FCC-Co: a first-principles study
Authors: Liu Wusong , Miao Naihua , Zhu Linggang , Zhou Jian , Sun Zhimei
Published: November 2017

We calculated the adsorption of hydrogen and oxygen on a Co surface and diffusion from the surface into sub-layers and the bulk.
Iminium and enamine catalysis in enantioselective photochemical reactions
Authors: Zou You-Quan , Hörmann Fabian M. , Bach Thorsten
Published: November 2017

The rapidly growing area of iminium and enamine catalysis in enantioselective photochemistry is reviewed, with an emphasis on catalytic modes and reaction types.
Dendrimers in combination with natural products and analogues as anti-cancer agents
Authors: Mignani Serge , Rodrigues João , Tomas Helena , Zablocka Maria , Shi Xiangyang , Caminade Anne-Marie , Majoral Jean-Pierre
Published: November 2017

Overview of the use of dendrimers in combination with encapsulated and conjugated natural products and analogues as anti-cancer agents.
Effect of steam and CO2 on ethane activation over Zn-ZSM-5
Authors: Mehdad Ali , Gould Nicholas S. , Xu Bingjun , Lobo Raul F.
Published: November 2017

Hydrolysis of Zn(ii) sites in Zn-ZSM-5 suppresses ethane oligomerization and aromatization.
The cooperation effect in the Au–Pd/LDH for promoting photocatalytic selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol
Authors: Wang Zhitong , Song Yujie , Zou Junhua , Li Liuyi , Yu Yan , Wu Ling
Published: November 2017

Materials with different Au–Pd ratios bimetallic alloy nanoparticles supported on MgAl–LDH were prepared by an impregnation–reduction method and developed as photocatalysts for the selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde under visible light irradiation.
High-nuclear heterometallic oxime clusters assembled from triangular subunits: solvothermal syntheses, crystal structures and magnetic properties
Authors: Dong Hui-Ming , Zhang Zhi-Chao , Li Hai-Yan , Liu Zhong-Yi , Yang En-Cui , Zhao Xiao-Jun
Published: November 2017

Three series of 3d–4f oxime clusters with slightly low magnetic relaxation or large entropy change were solvothermally constructed through the flexible connectivity of triangular {Ln3(μ3-OH)} subunits.
On the climate change mitigation potential of CO2 conversion to fuels
Authors: Abanades J. Carlos , Rubin Edward S. , Mazzotti Marco , Herzog Howard J.
Published: November 2017

Proposed utilization schemes producing liquid fuels from captured CO2 offer fewer climate mitigation benefits at higher costs than alternative systems.
From recovered metal waste to high-performance palladium catalysts
Authors: Jantan Khairil A. , Kwok Chuek Yee , Chan Kuang Wen , Marchiò Luciano , White Andrew J. P. , Deplano Paola , Serpe Angela , Wilton-Ely James D. E. T.
Published: November 2017

Molecular palladium complexes, recovered selectively from used catalytic converters, can be directly valorised as highly-active catalysts for C–H oxidative functionalisation.
Natural surfactants towards a more sustainable fluorine chemistry
Authors: Dichiarante V. , Milani R. , Metrangolo P.
Published: November 2017

Natural surfactants, in particular amphiphilic proteins like hydrophobins, represent a viable alternative to fluorosurfactants for a more sustainable fluorine chemistry.
Copper-amino group complexes supported on silica-coated magnetite nanoparticles: efficient catalyst for oxidative amidation of methyl arenes
Authors: Karimi Meghdad , Ghandi Leila , Saberi Dariush , Heydari Akbar
Published: November 2017

Magnetite nanoparticles coated with mesoporous silica, Fe3O4@SiO2, were prepared.
Cellulose nanofibrils/chitosan based transdermal drug delivery vehicle for controlled release of ketorolac tromethamine
Authors: Sarkar Gunjan , Orasugh Jonathan T. , Saha Nayan R. , Roy Indranil , Bhattacharyya Amartya , Chattopadhyay Atis K. , Rana Dipak , Chattopadhyay Dipankar
Published: November 2017

Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) have attracted attention as a promising material in the biomedical field because of their outstanding properties such as hydrophilicity, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and high surface area.
Development and characterization of amine-functionalized hyper-cross-linked resin for CO2 capture
Authors: Liu Fenglei , Wang Shuoyu , Lin Guorong , Chen Shuixia
Published: November 2017

A hyper-cross-linked resin based solid amine adsorbent was successfully synthesized and exhibited excellent stable CO2 adsorption performance.
An inner filter effect based Schiff base chemosensor for recognition of Cr(vi) and ascorbic acid in water matrices
Authors: Abbasi Ambreen , Shakir Mohammad
Published: November 2017

An effective and simple fluorescent sensing approach for recognition of Cr(vi) using a Schiff base chemosensor,N′-[(E)-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl) methylidene] furan-2-carbohydrazide, was developed.
A chemiluminescence resonance energy transfer for the determination of indolyl acetic acid using luminescent nitrogen-doped carbon dots as acceptors
Authors: Liu Yan , Han Suqin
Published: November 2017

A CRET method was fabricated for the determination of IAA using Ce(iv)–Na2SO3 as the donor and N-CDs as the acceptor.
Dibromination of alkenes with LiBr and H2O2under mild conditions
Authors: Martins Nayara Silva , Alberto Eduardo E.
Published: November 2017

Activation of H2O2by LiBr and AcOH is efficiently achieved for dibromination of alkenes in high yields and selectivity.
First-principles study of a MXene terahertz detector
Authors: Jhon Y. I. , Seo M. , Jhon Y. M.
Published: November 2017

MXenes can serve as excellent terahertz detecting materials regardless of the stacking and/or the presence of interlayer water molecules.
Perovskite photodetectors with both visible-infrared dual-mode response and super-narrowband characteristics towards photo-communication encryption application
Authors: Wu Ye , Li Xiaoming , Wei Yi , Gu Yu , Zeng Haibo
Published: November 2017

Photo-communication has attracted great attention because of the rapid development of wireless information transmission technology.
In situsynthesis of iron sulfide embedded porous carbon hollow spheres for sodium ion batteries
Authors: Tan Yuanzhong , Wong Ka-Wai , Zhang Zhiling , Ng Ka Ming
Published: November 2017

Anin situsynthetic method has been developed to prepare FeSx@CS as a promising anode material for sodium ion batteries.
Coating ZnO nanoparticle films with DNA nanolayers for enhancing the electron extracting properties and performance of polymer solar cells
Authors: Dagar Janardan , Scavia Guido , Scarselli Manuela , Destri Silvia , De Crescenzi Maurizio , Brown Thomas M.
Published: November 2017

The performance of inverted polymer solar cells was improved significantly after deposition of ZnO nanoparticles together with a thin deoxyribonucleic acid nanolayer as a composite electron extraction layer (EEL).
One-step fabrication of LSPR-tuneable reconfigurable assemblies of gold nanoparticles decorated with biotin-binding proteins
Authors: de la Rica R.
Published: November 2017

Biotin-binding proteins trigger the assembly of chain-like clusters of gold nanoparticles that reconfigure as a function of chemical cues in their environment.
Triangle-, tripod-, and tetrapod-branched ITO nanocrystals for anisotropic infrared plasmonics
Authors: Gu Yu , Zhu Zhengfeng , Song Jizhong , Zeng Haibo
Published: November 2017

Branched ITO nanocrystals preparedviaa simple one-pot method exhibit novel shape-dependent plasmon resonances in the infrared frequency range.
Discovery of IDO1 and DNA dual targeting antitumor agents
Authors: Fang Kun , Wu Shanchao , Dong Guoqiang , Wu Ying , Chen Shuqiang , Liu Jianhe , Wang Wei , Sheng Chunquan
Published: November 2017

The development of small molecules for cancer immunotherapy is highly challenging and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) represents a promising target.
A one pot three-component reaction for the preparation of dihydroquinolines with two different ketones and aromatic amines
Authors: Yang Guobin , Li Guangxun , Huang Jin , Tang Zhuo , Zhao Jinzhong
Published: November 2017

A three component reaction with two different ketones and aromatic amines was firstly investigated.
From mono- to tetraacylgermanes: extending the scope of visible light photoinitiators
Authors: Eibel Anna , Radebner Judith , Haas Michael , Fast David E. , Freißmuth Hilde , Stadler Eduard , Faschauner Paul , Torvisco Ana , Lamparth Iris , Moszner Norbert , Stueger Harald , Gescheidt Georg
Published: November 2017

We present a comparative study of the photoinitiating efficiency of selected acylgermanes, focusing on wavelength-dependent photobleaching, decomposition quantum yields and radical reactivity.
The solid-phase extraction of α-chymotrypsin based on a novel porous polymeric dianionic ionic liquid-coated magnetic material
Authors: Yang Qin , Wang Yuzhi , Zhang Hongmei , Xu Kaijia , Wei Xiaoxiao , Chen Jing , Xu Panli
Published: November 2017

A novel magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) method based on carboxymethylcellulose sodium modified Fe3O4 nanocomposite coated with porous polymeric dianionic ionic liquid (Fe3O4@CMC@PPDIL) was proposed and applied to extracting α-chymotrypsin.
Sensing mechanism of an ionization gas temperature sensor based on a carbon nanotube film
Authors: Song Hui , Zhang Yong , Cao Jiaxing
Published: November 2017

In this paper, we propose a novel ionized gas temperature sensor which has a triple-electrode structure and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as a field emission cathode.
Anticancer potency of nitric oxide-releasing liposomes
Authors: Suchyta Dakota J. , Schoenfisch Mark H.
Published: November 2017

In this study, fast and slow nitric oxide (NO)-releasing liposomes (half-lives of 2.5 and >72 h, respectively) were prepared by encapsulation of N-propyl-1,3-propanediamine/NO (PAPA/NO) and diethylenetriamine/NO (DETA/NO), respectively.
Surface modification of anhydrite whiskers and their potential application for durable superhydrophobic coatings
Authors: Hong Tianzeng , Wang Yabin , Nai Xueying , Dong Yaping , Liu Xin , Li Wu
Published: November 2017

In this paper a simple method is provided to solve the durability problem of superhydrophobic coatings. Using a traditional approach we give new functions to anhydrite whiskers in the superhydrophobic coating field.
Understanding the temperature–resistance performance of a borate cross-linked hydroxypropyl guar gum fracturing fluid based on a facile evaluation method
Authors: Fan Haiming , Gong Zheng , Wei Zhiyi , Chen Haolin , Fan Haijian , Geng Jie , Kang Wanli , Dai Caili
Published: November 2017

A facile procedure has been proposed to evaluate the temperature–resistance performance of fracturing fluids, which was used to understand the temperature–tolerance performance of a borate cross-linked hydroxypropyl guar gum fracturing fluid.
Peer learning as a tool to strengthen math skills in introductory chemistry laboratories
Authors: Srougi Melissa C. , Miller Heather B.
Published: November 2017

Math skills vary greatly among students enrolled in introductory chemistry courses. Students with weak math skills (algebra and below) tend to perform poorly in introductory chemistry courses, which is correlated with increased attrition rates. Previous research has shown that retention of main ideas in a peer learning environment is greater when partners have dissimilar abilities. Therefore, in an effort to improve student learning outcomes, we implemented peer learning interventions in our introductory chemistry laboratories to determine if math skills were enhanced when partners differed in math ability. Student performance and attitudes were analyzed in laboratory sections consisting of instructor-assigned partners who differed in math ability, compared to sections where students self-selected a partner. Students who were assigned math partners of different ability showed an 8% improvement in chemistry math concepts compared to no improvement among those who self-selected a partner, as assessed using pre- and post-math tests. Mathematical learning gains were particularly large (16%) for those students in the 50th percentile of math performance. Students also reported a significantly more positive attitude change about working with others compared to students who self-selected a partner. In addition, assigned students demonstrated a more positive shift in self-concepts such as chemistry knowledge and laboratory skills. This study illustrates that peer learning can serve as a useful and easy-to-implement tool to strengthen math skills and improve student attitudes in introductory chemistry laboratories.
De novo design of constrained and sequence-independent peptide scaffolds with topologically-formidable disulfide connectivities
Authors: Zheng Yiwu , Meng Xiaoting , Wu Yaqi , Zhao Yibing , Wu Chuanliu
Published: November 2017

We developed a novel approach for designing a class of constrained and sequence-independent peptide scaffolds with three or four disulfide bonds. Even specific peptide folds that have been considered to be topologically formidable can be de novo created and synthesized in high yields.
Site-selective bromination of sp3 C–H bonds
Authors: Sathyamoorthi Shyam , Banerjee Shibdas , Du Bois J. , Burns Noah Z. , Zare Richard N.
Published: November 2017

A method for converting sp3 C–H to C–Br bonds using an N-methyl sulfamate directing group is described. For all sulfamates examined, bromination occurs with high selectivity at the γ-carbon, affording a predictable method for C–H bond halogenation.
Horizontal drying fronts in films of colloidal dispersions: influence of hydrostatic pressure and collective diffusion
Authors: Nassar M. , Gromer A. , Favier D. , Thalmann F. , Hébraud P. , Holl Y.
Published: November 2017

The origin and time evolution of heterogeneities in drying colloidal films is still a matter of debate.
Microfluidic production of degradable thermoresponsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-based microgels
Authors: Sivakumaran Daryl , Mueller Eva , Hoare Todd
Published: November 2017

Highly monodisperse and hydrolytically degradable thermoresponsive microgels on the tens-to-hundreds of micron size scale have been fabricated based on simultaneous on-chip mixing and emulsification of aldehyde and hydrazide-functionalized poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) precursor polymers.
Influence of imide-substituents on the H-type aggregates of perylene diimides bearing cetyloxy side-chains at bay positions
Authors: Raj Michael Ruby , Margabandu Rajamani , Mangalaraja Ramalinga Viswanathan , Anandan Sambandam
Published: November 2017

We investigated the influence of different imide-substituents on the aggregation behaviors of perylene diimides. These strategies were generated to form self-organized columnar rectangular H-type PDI aggregated micro-rods.
Rattler-induced aging dynamics in jammed granular systems
Authors: Giacco Ferdinando , de Arcangelis Lucilla , Pica Ciamarra Massimo , Lippiello Eugenio
Published: November 2017

In jammed granular systems the kinetic energy has a slow relaxation controlled by rattlers.
Graphene oxide-embedded polyamide nanofiltration membranes for selective ion separation
Authors: Hu Ruirui , He Yijia , Zhang Cuimiao , Zhang Rujing , Li Jing , Zhu Hongwei
Published: November 2017

Graphene oxide modified piperazine nanofiltration membranes are prepared by in situ interfacial polymerization and show improved water permeability and ion selectivity performance.
Mathematical model of whole-process calculation for bottom-blowing copper smelting
Authors: Li Ming-zhou , Zhou Jie-min , Tong Chang-ren , Zhang Wen-hai , Li He-song
Published: November 2017

The distribution law of materials in smelting products is key to cost accounting and contaminant control. Regardless, the distribution law is difficult to determine quickly and accurately by mere sampling and analysis. Mathematical models for material and heat balance in bottom-blowing smelting, converting, anode furnace refining, and electrolytic refining were established based on the principles of material (element) conservation, energy conservation, and control index constraint in copper bottom-blowing smelting. Simulation of the entire process of bottom-blowing copper smelting was established using a self-developed MetCal software platform. A whole-process simulation for an enterprise in China was then conducted. Results indicated that the quantity and composition information of unknown materials, as well as heat balance information, can be quickly calculated using the model. Comparison of production data revealed that the model can basically reflect the distribution law of the materials in bottom-blowing copper smelting. This finding provides theoretical guidance for mastering the performance of the entire process.
Borane-Catalysed Hydroboration of Alkynes and Alkenes
Authors: Thomas Stephen , Ang Nate , Buettner Cornelia , Docherty Scott , Bismuto Alessandro , Carney Jonathan , Docherty Jamie , Cowley Michael
Published: November 2017

Simple, commercially available borane adducts, H3B·THF and H3B·SMe2, have been used to catalyse the hydroboration of alkynes and alkenes with pinacolborane to give the alkenyl and alkyl boronic esters, respectively. Alkynes and terminal alkenes underwent highly regioselective hydroboration to give the linear boronic ester products. Good functional group tolerance was observed for substrates bearing ester, amine, ether and halide substituents. This catalytic process shows comparable reactivity to transition-metal-catalysed hydroboration protocols.
Cluster Preface: C–O And Related Bond Activation
Authors: Tobisu Mamoru , Chatani Naoto , Snieckus Victor
Published: November 2017

Mamoru Tobisu received his PhD from Osaka University under the direction of Prof. Shinji Murai (2001). During his PhD studies, he was a visiting scientist (1999) with Prof. Gregory C. Fu at MIT. Following a period as a scientist at the Takeda Pharmaceutical Company (2001–2005), he started his academic career at Osaka University in 2005 as an assistant professor with Prof. Naoto Chatani. He was then appointed as an associate professor at the Center for Atomic and Molecular Technologies at Osaka University (2011) and was promoted to full professor at the Department of Applied Chemistry of Osaka University (2017). He received the Thieme Chemistry Journals Award (2008), the Chemical Society of Japan Award for Young Chemists (2009), the Young Scientists’ Award, a Commendation for Science and Technology from the Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (2012), the Merck-Banyu Lectureship Award (2012), Thomson Reuters Research Front Award (2016), and the Mukaiyama Award (2018). Naoto Chatani received his PhD in 1984 under Professors Noboru Sonoda and Shinji Murai. In 1984, he joined the Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research at Osaka University as an Assistant Professor in the laboratory of Professor Terukiyo Hanafusa. After postdoctoral studies (1988–1989 under Professor Scott E. Denmark at the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign), he moved back to Osaka University and was promoted to the rank of Associate Professor (1992) and to Full Professor (2003). He is a recipient of The Chemical Society of Japan Award for Young Chemists (1990), The Green & Sustainable Chemistry Award from the Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (2005), the Nagoya Silver Medal (2013), The Chemical Society of Japan Award (2017), a Humboldt Research Award (2017), a Clarivate Analytics Highly Cited Researcher (2017) and will be a recipient of an Arthur C. Cope Scholar Award (2018). Victor Snieckus was born in Kaunas, Lithuania and spent his childhood in Germany during World War II. He received training at U. Alberta, Canada, (B.Sc.), U. California, Berkeley (M.Sc. D.S. Noyce), and U. Oregon (Ph.D. Virgil Boekelheide). He returned to his adopted country for postdoctoral studies (National Research Council, Ottawa, Ted Edwards). Appointments: U. of Waterloo, Assistant (1966) to Professor (1979); Monsanto/NRC Industrial Research Chair, 1992–1998; Queen’s University, Inaugural Bader Chair in Organic Chemistry (1998–2009); Bader Chair Emeritus and Director, Snieckus Innovations, 2009-. Selective awards: A.C. Cope Scholar (2001, one of 5 Canadians), Order of the Grand Duke Gediminas (2002, from the President of Lithuania), Arvedson-Schlenk (2003, Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker), Bernard Belleau (2005, Canadian Society for Chemistry), Givaudan-Karrer Medal (2008, U. Zurich), Honoris causa (2009, Technical U. Tallinn, Estonia), Global Lithuanian Award (2012), Yoshida Lectureship (2017). He hopes that he has only temporarily discontinued playing hockey and wishes also to return to the clarinet.
Interventionen zur präoperativen Unterstützung geriatrischer Patienten mit Frailty
Authors: Kiselev Jörn
Published: November 2017

Der stetig zu beobachtende demografische Wandel geht mit veränderten Anforderungen an die Patientenbetreuung einher. Ältere Patienten weisen häufig einen erhöhten Behandlungsbedarf und eine höhere Komplexität des klinischen Gesamtbildes auf. Dieser Umstand ist – abgesehen von der Routineversorgung – besonders dann zu beachten, wenn eine angedachte Intervention zu schweren und potenziell lebensbedrohlichen Komplikationen führen kann.
Frailty: Prävalenz bei 70- bis 79-Jährigen in Deutschland (populationsbasierter Ansatz)
Authors: Fuchs Judith , Busch Markus , Scheidt-Nave Christa
Published: November 2017

In allen Ländern steigt die Lebenserwartung und viele ältere Menschen verbringen mehr Zeit bei guter Gesundheit. Allerdings leiden Ältere auch unter Gebrechlichkeit (engl. frailty), die als Risikofaktor für Erkrankungen, Behinderungen oder Stürze gilt. Im Rahmen der „Studie zur Gesundheit Erwachsener in Deutschland“ (DEGS) 2008 – 2011 wurden Interviews, Untersuchungen und Tests durchgeführt. Für die Auswertungen wurden Daten von 1110 zu Hause lebenden DEGS1-Teilnehmenden im Alter von 70 bis 79 Jahren analysiert. Körperliche Gebrechlichkeit wurde definiert als das Vorliegen von drei oder mehr der folgenden Kriterien: selbst berichtete Erschöpfung, reduzierte Greifkraft, verlangsamte Gehgeschwindigkeit, geringe körperliche Aktivität und ein niedriger Body-Mass-Index; beim Vorliegen ein oder zwei der Kriterien wird von einer Vorstufe der Gebrechlichkeit (pre-frailty) ausgegangen. Bei Männern wurden 36,6% (Konfidenzintervall KI 32,2 – 41,2) als pre-frail, 2,5% (KI 1,4 – 4,4) als gebrechlich eingestuft; bei Frauen wurden 41,8% (KI 37,3 – 46,5) als pre-frail und 2,9% (KI 1,9 – 4,5) als gebrechlich eingestuft. Gebrechliche Personen geben signifikant häufiger Polypharmazie und Mehrfach-Stürze an, beziehen Leistungen aus der Pflegeversicherung, haben eine amtlich anerkannte Schwerbehinderung und geringere soziale Unterstützung. Diese bevölkerungsrepräsentativen Ergebnisse tragen zur Identifikation von gebrechlichen Menschen mit einem erhöhten Risiko für gesundheitliche Folgen bei. Entsprechende Prognosemodelle sollten in der operativen Anästhesiologie für die verschiedenen Versorgungsbereiche weiterentwickelt werden.
Zervikale Plexusblockaden
Authors: Seidel Ronald
Published: November 2017

Eine vollständige Blockade des Plexus cervicalis ist weder erwünscht noch ausreichend für eine chirurgische Anästhesie in der vorderen Halsregion. Supplementierungen durch Opioide oder topische Lokalanästhetika sind daher häufig. Die Blockade beteiligter Hirnnerven und des Truncus sympathicus verbessert möglicherweise die Anästhesiequalität, führt aber auch zu typischen Nebenwirkungen. Dieser Beitrag liefert anatomisches Hintergrundwissen und stellt Indikationen vor – auch außerhalb der Karotischirurgie.
Diagnostik und Therapie von Irisläsionen
Authors: Mor Joel , Koch Konrad , Heindl Ludwig
Published: November 2017

Teil des klinisch-ophthalmologischen Alltags ist die korrekte Diagnose tumoröser Irisläsionen. Insbesondere die Differenzialdiagnose und die Bewertung der Dignität anhand der Morphologie gestalten sich dabei oft schwierig. Dieser Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über das breite Spektrum von Iristumoren einschließlich empfohlener Diagnostik- und Therapiemodalitäten.
Funktionelle und anatomische Ergebnisse der primären und sekundären Internal-Limiting-Membrane-Transplantation zur Behandlung von großen und voroperierten Makulaforamina
Authors: Hess Jelka , Michels Stephan , Becker Matthias
Published: November 2017

Hintergrund Der Goldstandard beim durchgreifenden Makulaforamen (MF) ist die Vitrektomie (VE) mit Peeling der Membrana limitans interna (ILM), Gastamponade und postoperativer Kopftieflagerung. Größere MF (> 400 µm) und voroperierte Makulaforamina bleiben weiterhin schwierig behandelbar. Kürzlich wurden neue ILM-Transplantationstechniken (ILM-TX) mit akzeptablen Resultaten entwickelt. Diese greifen auf verschiedene Verschlussmechanismen zurück: ILM als Leitschiene für Migration des neuronalen Gewebes beim gestielten ILM-Flap oder Kontraktion der MF-Ränder durch Schrumpfung eines ILM-Pfropfens.

Patienten/Material und Methoden Diese retrospektive Studie evaluiert die funktionellen und anatomischen Ergebnisse nach ILM-TX bei großen MF und nach Vitrektomie mit ILM-Peeling bei persistierenden MF. Für die großen MF (Gruppe 1) wurde der gestielte ILM-Flap oder die freie Faltung des ILM-TX in das MF angewandt. Persistierende MF nach VE mit ILM-Peeling (Gruppe 2) wurden mittels Faltung eines freien ILM-TX in das Foramen behandelt. Bei allen Augen erfolgte die ILM-TX unter Perfluorocarbon-Liquid-Schutz und Silikonöltamponade.

Ergebnisse In der Gruppe 1 (6 Augen) erhielten 3 Augen eine freie ILM-TX in das Foramen und 3 Augen erhielten eine gestielte ILM-TX. Die durchschnittliche bestkorrigierte Sehschärfe (BCVA, angegeben in LogMar) lag präoperativ bei 1,18 ± 0,54. Die präoperative MF-Größe belief sich auf 681 ± 106 µm mit einem Photorezeptorbanddefekt (PRD) von 1829 ± 474 µm. In 5 von 6 Augen konnte ein Verschluss des MF erzielt werden (83%). Nach einem Follow-up von durchschnittlich 9,3 ± 5,1 Monaten fand sich eine BCVA von 0,83 ± 0,31 nach freiem und 0,95 ± 0,79 nach gestieltem ILM-TX. Der mittlere PRD reduzierte sich auf 1781 ± 713 µm bei den freien und auf 1148 ± 378 µm bei den gestielten ILM-TX. In Gruppe 2 (7 Augen) mit persistierenden MF nach Standardvitrektomie und ILM-Peeling lag der Visus vor der sekundären ILM-TX bei 1,05 ± 0,41. Die initiale MF-Größe betrug 563 ± 183 µm. Der durchschnittliche PRD betrug 2012 ± 718 µm vor der sekundären ILM-TX. Nach der sekundären ILM-TX, nach einem mittleren Follow-up von 9,6 ± 4,1 Monaten, zeigten 6 von 7 Augen einen Verschluss des MF (86%). Die Sehschärfe betrug dabei 0,53 ± 0,34 und der PRD reduzierte sich auf 843 ± 291 µm.

Schlussfolgerung ILM-TX führt bei großen MF oder persistierenden MF nach VE mit ILM-Peeling meist zum Verschluss des MF. Die funktionellen Ergebnisse zeigen eine Stabilisierung und manchmal sogar eine Verbesserung.
“Openness” with and without Information Technology: A Framework and a Brief History
Authors: Schlagwein Daniel , Conboy Kieran , Feller Joseph , Leimeister Jan Marco , Morgan Lorraine
Published: November 2017

Over the past two decades, openness (e.g. ‘open’ innovation, ‘open’ education and ‘open’ strategy) has been of increasing interest for researchers and of increasing relevance to practitioners. Openness is often deeply embedded in information technology (IT) and can be both a driver for and a result of innovative IT. To clarify the concept of “openness”, we provide an overview of the scope of cross-disciplinary research on openness. Based on this overview, we develop a framework of openness, which proposes a higher-order concept of “openness” characterised by transparency, access, participation and democracy. The framework further distinguishes open resources, open processes and the effects of opening on particular domains. To provide the historical context and to appreciate the role of IT in openness, we discuss two historical examples of openness: the introduction of an open science model in academia (openness without IT) and the emergence of open source software development (openness with IT). We conclude by highlighting some concerns with and limitations of “openness”.