bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE SOCIAL AND CHARITABLE ACTIVITIES OF RELIGIOUS ORGANIZATIONS IN EASTERN EUROPE (THE FIRST HALF OF THE 20th CENTURY)
Authors: Luparenko Svitlana
Published: May 2023

The article presents the characteristics of the social and charitable activities of religious organizations in Eastern Europe (Western Ukraine and Poland) during the first half of the 20th century. Based on the archival and scientific sources as well as a set of methods (general scientific methods (synthesis and analysis of historical, educational and cultural sources), historical and structural method, comparative method, retro-praxisymmetric method, problem-targeted method), the directions of the social and charitable activities of the religious organizations are revealed. These directions include taking measures to strengthen children�s health (the examinations of children�s health, carrying out vaccinations, implementation of special medical care for babies, expansion of the network of medical institutions for children: dispensaries, sanatoriums, vacation homes); satisfying the financial needs of children, which included: providing them with food, financial and material assistance (money, things, medicine, etc.); organization of social work with orphans and children deprived of parental care, which included registration of children, establishment and maintenance of social institutions, patronage, identification of the reasons for child neglect and prevention of these cases, etc. The types of social institutions have been determined. They are boarding-type institutions (orphanages, shelters), part-time institutions (kindergartens and zachoronky), special institutions (for disabled children), �American kitchens� for the homeless, consultations for mothers etc. The types of orphans in social institutions have been determined. They are natural orphans, half-orphans, social orphans and psychological orphans. The significant role of the religious organizations and the clergymen in solving social problems has been revealed.
IMPLEMENTING OF A DIVERGENT APPROACH FOCUSED ON VERBAL CREATIVITY IN PROFESSIONAL ENGLISH TRAINING FOR GRADUATES
Authors: Kissova Olga
Published: May 2023

The work aims to apply a divergent and convergent approach in teaching professional English focused on developing verbal creativity within the training of communication skills for university students. The research involved 50 students of economics in an experimental group with a divergent approach (N = 25) and a control group with a traditional convergent approach (N = 25) at the University of Zilina in an engineering study within an 8-week experiment. Before/after the experiment, verbal creativity in topic-based production was tested based on verbal, associative and expressional fluency, spontaneous flexibility, and originality in business English. Comparing the test results of both groups and student self-assessment questionnaires (5-Linkert scale, open-ended questions) were used to measure the differences in connection with the experiment. Both qualitative and quantitative research methods were implemented (mean, median, standard deviation) using SPSS software and open-ended questions were coded and analysed through Google Analytics. The research findings confirmed expectations about the positive impact of the divergent approach that applied pro-creative methods and forms in a student-centred interactive environment that proved increasing motivation, language awareness, and practical knowledge of the target language compared to the control group.
INFLUENCE OF CONTEXTUAL AND INDIVIDUAL FACTORS ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF BUSINESS INTENTIONS
Authors: Cekule Laila , Cekuls Andrejs
Published: May 2023

It is important to identify the intentions of young people to start a business and the factors that influence them, as well as to find an explanation that leads to entrepreneurial activities and the emergence of new businesses. Entrepreneurial intentions are important in the context of individual career development. Identifying an individual's entrepreneurial intentions is important because it focuses on activities that could add value to both the individual and society in the future, as well as create new jobs. Entrepreneurial intentions are based on the theory of planned behavior and are defined as a commitment to start a new business.
The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of academic study and business experience on the business intentions of engineering and business students.
The tasks of the study were to analyze the impact of contextual and individual factors on young people's entrepreneurial intentions.
The structure of the research is based on the theory model for planned behavior (TPB), perceived risks, academic specialties and students' personalities. 53 students from the field of engineering and business studies were interviewed.
The study was conducted using a survey method to collect data and test the hypotheses using a structured questionnaire. Elements of each design were developed based on a literature review and adapted from articles on behavioral and business intentions.
The study showed significant correlations between contextual and individual indicators, business academic experience, academic direction and business intentions. The study also contributes to some discussion about the role of academic students' academic experience in the business process.
PHYSICAL EDUCATION CLASSES POTENTIAL FOR DEVELOPING STUDENTS� RESPONSIBILITY
Authors: Holubnycha Liudmyla , Zelenska Liudmyla , Zelenskyi Roman , Kadaner Oksana , Moshynska Olena
Published: May 2023

Developing personal responsibility is crucial in all spheres of life. Since young people represent the future of the world and are the most active part of population it is topical to develop students� responsibility and Physical Education classes have great potential for it. So, the article is dedicated to the problem of developing university students� responsibility in Physical Education classes. The purpose of the article is to verify experimentally effectiveness of the methodological instruments of partnership interaction in Physical Education classes in order to develop college students� responsibility. The methods of the investigation were general research methods of theoretical level: analysis and synthesis of related researches; empirical level methods: testing, interview, ranking, method of expert assessments, pedagogical experiment, numerous diagnostic techniques. The material of the research involved 215 students of Kharkiv Cooperative Trade and Economics Special College (Ukraine): students of the experimental group (n=100) and the control group (n=115), who attend Physical Education classes as part of the main group. The results of the research have shown the change in the level of developing students� responsibility in the experimental group due to methodological instruments of partnership interaction in Physical Education classes. In the control group there was no mentioned purposeful activity. Overall increase in the average coefficient of responsibility development was 0.20 in the experimental group and 0.05 in the control group.
RISK-TAKING AND DECISION-MAKING RELATIONSHIP OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF INTENTIONS
Authors: Cekuls Andrejs , Cekule Laila
Published: May 2023

Taking a risk and making a decision are two important factors in starting a business. Studies show that young people are at high risk. There are a number of factors that can contribute to this phenomenon, including both biological and environmental effects, but decisions may be influenced by prejudices about the immediate benefits over the longterm benefits. Achieving long-term goals is always associated with uncertainty, as it cannot be assumed that all the circumstances that may arise in the future will be known. The way of making decisions in conditions of uncertainty will rather refer to the learned, usual reaction model that an individual tends to show in decision-making situations.
The aim of this study is to assess how business students perceive and interpret the potentially excessive risk of starting a new business and making decisions in an environment of uncertainty.
The objectives of the study were to analyze the relationship between risk-taking and decision-making at different probabilities and to assess whether business-oriented individuals differ from others in their willingness to take risks and accept uncertainty.
The study was conducted using a survey method to collect data and test hypotheses using a structured questionnaire on risk-taking factors and individual decision styles. The elements of each design were developed based on a literature review and adapted from decision-making documents under conditions of uncertainty and uncertainty.
The study showed that for business students, there is a significant relationship between the willingness to take risks and the desire to develop entrepreneurship. The results show that risk-taking increases innovative decision-making, which can be an important factor in product differentiation. On the other hand, unsuccessful risks, if the student tends to take risks, can speed up the decision to change the future business strategy and promote business growth.
FORECASTS OF POPULATION CHANGES AT REGIONAL LEVEL WITH FOCUS ON EDUCATIONAL SERVICES
Authors: Homutinins Aleksejs , Sipilova Viktorija , Aleksejeva Ludmila
Published: May 2023

Sustainable development goals in education foresee availability of education among others. Availability of educational services exactly near to living place is significant for reaching sustainable development goals. Although, availability of educational services near to living place requires investments and clear understanding of possible demand for the services in the future. Depopulation at regional level is the issue, which complicates availability of education near to living place. As a result, regions need to understand how to develop educational services given sustainable development goals and depopulation at the same time. The issue may be solved through timely understanding of population changes in region what supports grounded investments and targeting of local educational needs at regional level. Within the article, the authors apply simulation model based on system dynamics methods for the case of the region, which experiences depopulation. Within the article, the authors forecast changes in amount of children population as well as amount of children per educational institutions during fifty years in Latgale region in Latvia. Forecasts offer three scenarios depending on supposing fertility rate. Calculations include two children age groups � children up to fourteen years and children between fourteen and nineteen years (teens), thus targeting preschool, primary and secondary education levels. Research results demonstrate that differentiated scenarios clarify possible changes in children population in the region and characterise possible demand for educational services in preschool, primary and secondary education in the long term by indicating the time, when the fastest decline may be observed. Such knowledge may contribute to better-designed regional sustainable development policies given reforms of educational system.
TECHNOLOGIES OF SYNCHRONOUS AND ASYNCHRONOUS LEARNING IN THE PRACTICE OF DISTANCE TEACHING OF GEOGRAPHICAL DISCIPLINES
Authors: Malchykova Daria , Baysha Kira , Pylypenko Ihor , Lozova Lyudmila
Published: May 2023

Modern global challenges caused by the Covid-19 pandemic, which have been exacerbated by the martial law imposed in Ukraine for almost six months, have determined distance learning technologies with the help of information and communication technologies to be the only alternative to traditional education. The article is devoted to the analysis of synchronous and asynchronous learning technologies in the practice of distance teaching of geographical disciplines in higher education institutions. The article substantiates the expediency of combining both modes of online education organizing, the main goal of which is the formation of nationwide access to educational resources for all students.
The application of specialized programs, principles, and trends of global teaching practices for the distribution of materials for teaching geographic disciplines on a digital platform is considered. The effectiveness and risks of synchronous and asynchronous combination in the practice of distance teaching of geographical disciplines are analyzed, based on the main principles of cooperation methods. As a result, it is claimed that the combination of synchronous and asynchronous modes during the implementation of the educational process of studying geographic disciplines remotely allows: 1) to receive quickly available materials; 2) to form a persistent interest in finding and solving problematic issues in the chosen specialty in combination with the study of geographical disciplines; 3) to develop soft skills and motivate students to informal education, as well as support the student community through the presence of cognitive, social and educational elements.
COMMUNITY ON THE LONG RUN
Authors: D�Andrea Fabio , Corvino Isabella
Published: May 2023

Being part of a community gives a sense of belonging, determining rules, values and the meaning of a given relationship (Corvino 2021)[2]. Today the use of the term is much wider than before and ranges from �classical� communities to virtual gatherings (Cavalli Sforza, Padoan 2013; Maffesoli 1988)[1,9]. This is hard to handle, but can be read as an interesting indicator of a deep social need that requires focusing and a better understanding. Moving from the first non-sedentary communities to contemporary web communities, the common factor could be identified in the search for the fundamental relation that is one of the essential components of our being human. Conflict and cooperation theory showed how this relation could be figured out, depending on the perception of risk and otherness. One way or another, for a long time humankind made use of long-term strategies to substantiate the bond as real: one of these had to do with large-scale enterprises and the common goal they offered, supported by robust values. This worked fine as long as such great realizations took more than a lifespan to be achieved and required some �passing of the baton� between generations. With the scientific revolution and the advent of techno-science we know today all this was put under a considerable strain: on the one hand projects began to be completed at great speed, without any reflection about possible consequences of this acceleration and with an increasing valorisation of speed itself (Virilio 2008)[14]; on the other hand, an economic instrumental perspective affirmed itself that denied any qualitative sense in human action and relation.
This paper aims at analysing the changing meaning of community and relation through time. In particular it focuses on reintegrating within its idea the qualitative, relational sphere that a too abstract way of thinking did away with too hastily. This complex approach is in accordance with the most recent developments of research on humanity and a new appreciation of the sheer scale of our evolutionary history, which makes it hard to keep on believing that human beings are on their way to free themselves of corporeality and emotions to become all-rational virtual entities. The main result of the study aims at pointing out how with the changing perception of time as the shared path with the community in flesh and bones has changed the sense of relation, of gift and exchange.
STUDY EXPERIENCE OF GERMAN STUDENTS AT CZECH UNIVERSITIES
Authors: Cviklova Lucie
Published: May 2023

German students at Czech universities, studying interpreting translation or Czech studies, can be determined as one subgroup of those students of Member states who have been influenced by gradual European integration of higher education institutions, resulting in their decision to complete their degree in different European country. An analysis of unstructured interviews, conducted with the segment of German students who have studied in Prague, brought about information about various reasons of their motivation to move and study in the Czech republic; e.g. Czech origin, material aspects of study such as low cost of living or opportunity to receive scholarship, diverse cultural interests in material and immaterial aspects of Czech culture; e.g. Czech literature and arts, remote history of Czech-German relations such as the Czech National Revival or the two world wars. On the other hand, among the most important obstacles of studies German students listed difficulties of university entrance exams in the Czech Republic, the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on learning process and inefficient aspects of administration such as problems related to access learning materials by means of information technologies, etc. Cultural shock and problems during acculturation German respondents related to issues of different rules of nonverbal communication, exposure to Czech dialect and jargon in casual conversations and also authoritarian conduct of Czechs not only in the university environment but also in administration and in services.
ORGANIZING ESPORTS EVENTS IN ROMANIA. CASE STUDIES FROM THE EARLY STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Briciu Victor-Alexandru , Briciu Arabela , Antochi Vlad Robert , Batranu-Pintea Vlad
Published: May 2023

This paper aims to present and promote the eSports and its situation in Romania. Esports, also known as electronic sports, professional video game competitions, can be defined as a form of sports where the main aspects are facilitated by electronic systems. Most often eSports takes the form of multiplayer video game contests usually organized between professional players. Several games are popular in the competitive scene. The championships that appeared in the 1990s were those that contained fighting video games and the shooter type, genres that still have a large audience. Electronic athletes (or e-athlete, professional gamers) are those people who perform in a video game, thus reaching a higher level than amateur players. They train for hours to reach this performance. In the professional gaming industry, there are organizations that have players such as football or basketball clubs and they are paid monthly, receive specialized training, and participate in various competitions representing the organization they belong to. Following these ideas, the authors will first highlight the concepts that deal with eSports and video games globally, providing information on the emergence of eSports, then the situation of eSports in Romania is presented and its development. From this point of view, multiple video game contests and events are organized in Romania and the difference between international and domestic eSports is highlighted. As a novelty factor of this paper, some of the first Romanian representative attempts in organizing eSports events or competitions are presented.
THE ARCHITECTURAL ILLUSTRATOR BETWEEN DIGITAL AND ANALOG WORLDS
Authors: Leandri Gaia
Published: May 2023

This paper tackles the issue of the architectural illustrator in an age of post digitalisation, where the return to the analog hand drawn images for a more pregnant communication is seen by some as much desirable. There are now concerns about the limited communicative ability of digital images, with suggestions to go back to the analogic world of the hand drawn images in perspective style. To assess whether a digital photorealistic render would communicate better or worse than a hand drawn image, a questionnaire was set up based upon the objective principle of correct/wrong answers by the test takers, rather than on their subjective preferences. The test was a conventional one-stem multiple-choice type with correct answer scored 1 and wrong answer scored 0. The required task was to identify the correct architectural project within a townscape. The test was taken by 154 subjects, of which 74% professionals in the field of architecture, and 26% other professions. The �professionals� in architecture scored approximately 50% more correct answers in the case of hand drawn images compared to the photorealistic renders, with a very high significance between the two items (p less than 0.0001). The �others� showed a difference of 20%, still in favour of the hand drawn images (p=0.003). It may be concluded that, within the limits of the reliability and sensitivity of the test, the hand drawn images could better communicate the message of the architect. The �performance� strategy guarantees against subjective biases, but it has been much less experimented than the traditional paradigms. Some more research would be needed to assert its robustness, and, to this regard, this first attempt should be considered as a proof of concept to assess some observer�s reactions so far little explored but nevertheless of fundamental importance.
THE BEST SCENARIOS FOR THE ECONOMY WORLDWIDE AFTER THE CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC
Authors: Takacs Ildiko-Csilla
Published: May 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has transformed CEOs two-speed model of decision-making and structural change about the operating implications supporting principal strategic factors, thus the importance of innovative strategies has central positions and are responsible for the corporations� successful advances. The top pioneering companies emphasise years of organizational performance and are uniquely qualified to inspire and enhance innovation, as they are central to core values and creative leadership.
The objective of this paper is to present the prominence of the top Global 100 Companies and examine the major research question �How could top companies adapt to change to maintain their position and critically outperform their competitors?� Innovative strategies have vital impacts on the business performance of a competitive corporation and highlight the role of strategic innovations that are flexible and adaptable to dynamic sustainability. Therefore, organisational merit will be achieved by companies which can react quickly to new market conditions, customer needs and constantly look for creative and original solutions.
The methodology used incorporates empirical research based on qualitative methods, outlining the economic outlook relying on the OECD database and analysed in a case study to imply successful business models determining the necessity for visionary leadership strategies. The results show the positive outcomes of the Top Global 100 Companies, as well as present their successful strategies giving evidence how they could maintain their position with minimal loss during the COVID-19 crisis and the lessons that we can conclude from their innovative principles.
THE POSSIBILITY OF MAINTAINING THE INTEGRITY OF A FACE-TO-FACE PERFORMATIVE BASED COURSE WHEN TRANSFERRED TO ONLINE DISTANCE LEARNING
Authors: Blaszk Martin
Published: May 2023

The article describes a qualitative inquiry in the form of a case-study which used participatory action research. The study was implemented over a period of two years, 2020 and 2021. It inquired into a face-to-face higher education elective course on creativity and happening in which there was a strong performative element. The aim of the study was to find out how the transfer of the elective to online distance learning would effect the integrity of the course. To do this, the face-to-face course (taught 2017, 2018 and 2019) was taken online and the effects of this determined through the consideration of various data collected during the period of the study: artefacts, accounts of procedures, personal accounts of involvement and visual documentation. The results show that there was little disruption to the cognitive components of the course or the component in which the students had to enact individual or small groups happenings. The greatest disruption was to the component in which close proximity was needed and where the students had to interact with one another physically. In the component of the course in which a group happening was enacted, the online distance learning model was abandoned in favour of situations that were face-to-face. In connection with what occurred, it is suggested that if the elective was to continue as an online course, a form of online classroom management � platform management � would need to be established. In addition, to ensure that the physical and proximal elements of the original course were maintained, the course would have to be offered as blended learning rather than an online distance learning course only. In the conclusion, the author suggests that the blended learning option would also be appropriate for the present-day world.
REPRESENTING CITIES, PLACES AND CULTURES THROUGH MUSIC TOURISM AND ICONIC MUSIC LEGENDS: A SHORT GEOGRAPHICAL ANALYSIS OF CELINE DION�S MUSIC AND TRAVEL
Authors: Jucu Ioan Sebastian
Published: May 2023

Cities, cultures, tourism and music have always been connected through the close relations between urban places as music venues, tourists and legendary musicians which perform to largest audiences. This paper aims to briefly examine the most important relations between music, tourism, cities and iconic musicians considering as a case in point, one of the most emblematic artists in the contemporary global popular culture - the iconic songstress Celine Dion. The article unveils the most important features which connect places with different cultures, with the fans as music tourists and with the outstanding artists that shape particular landscapes based on their tours and live performances. The article, in brief unveils, the most important cities and cultures that are frequently inserted in the artists� agenda trying to highlight the places and the cities� cultural specificities through the lens of popular music and lyrics analysis. The main methods used in this paper belongs to media tools analysis using a musical documentary and the discourse analysis of both the artist and the people/music tourists. The main findings highlight that cities and places, beyond remaining emblematic music venues and touristic places for a large number of people that travel from different places to see their favorite artists, are places with specific cultural identities often represented in/through music and, furthermore, through the music of legendary artists and through the artists themselves.
VIDEO GAMES AS A CREATIVE MEDIUM CATALYZING THE PROCESS OF SOCIALIZATION OF THE CONCEPT OF CITY CREATION
Authors: Szot Jan
Published: May 2023

This paper presents the results of the study of the influence of city-builder video games, considered as interactive creative environments, on the socialization process of the concept of city creation. The article includes the general characteristics of city-builder games with reference to the reality of city creation and management in general, as well as the specific production that forms the basis of the study. Through a correlative research method, an attempt was made to answer the question of whether video games can be a catalyzing factor in the socialization process of the notion of city creation. In the conclusions, an attempt is made to answer the question of whether digital games have an impact on the popularization of issues related to city creation. Furthermore, reference is made to the participatory potential of digital games, understood as collective, interactive creative environments.
WHEN LIVE PERFORMANCES, SHOWS AND CONCERTS OF LEGENDARY ICONIC ARTISTS MARK THE HISTORY OF THE CITIES
Authors: Jucu Ioan Sebastian
Published: May 2023

Some cities are frequently important venues for various spectacles, live performances, concerts and residency shows performed by the greatest artists of the world, therefore they contribute to the music tourism development and to the local economic development of the cities themselves through tourism and cultural events. A plenty of cities remain emblematic in this regard, but research on their cultural events are peripheral in the present geographical analysis. This paper discusses about an emblematic residency show of a legendary music icon held in Las Vegas as a major input both in the cultural background of the city as well as in its musical history. The research is based on quantitative and qualitative methods with statistical research, media and discourse analysis. The findings of the paper unveil that concerts, live performances, residency-shows and spectacles of the greatest artists of the world are important features of the cultural backgrounds of the cities that are visible in their cultural landscapes. Furthermore, they provide a large power of attraction of tourists and popular music consumers from the world over marking the cities� cultural background. These aspects largely under-studied from the geographical perspective call for further research and debates in the contexts of geography, music, music tourism and the cultural background of the cities.
Upaya Petani Jamur Tiram Putih sebagai Alternatif Usaha dalam Meningkatkan Perekonomian Masyarakat Kecamatan Sako Kota Palembang
Authors: Titania Fetricia
Published: May 2023

White oyster mushroom (Pleuratus Florida) is one of the types of mushrooms that has become an alternative due to its beneficial nutritional content for the body, making it a promising business opportunity and an alternative for the community. However, to achieve success in oyster mushroom cultivation and business, the right knowledge and the courage to try are needed. The objectives of this study are to: 1) understand the history of oyster mushroom cultivation, 2) understand community responses to oyster mushroom cultivation, and 3) identify factors inhibiting oyster mushroom cultivation. This study uses qualitative research, with the author acting as an observer, directly observing the phenomena and behaviors to be studied. The results of this study indicate that: 1) Oyster mushroom cultivation has been done in China for 1,000 years and is popular in Indonesia as an alternative source of income for communities, and is not too complicated; 2) White oyster mushroom cultivation can be an alternative business for communities facing economic crises. This business is suitable for urban communities, with high demand, low capital, and easy to do; 3) Inhibiting factors in oyster mushroom cultivation lie in the farmer's expertise and factors such as temperature, light, air, pH, and humidity should be considered. Oyster mushroom cultivation can help improve the community's economy and open up business opportunities.
Specific diversity of Vachellia tortilis subsp. raddiana formations in Kilakam and N'Guel kolo in the Diffa region, Niger
Authors: Bio Ismael , Issoufou Abdourahimou Amadou , Mamoudou Boubacar Moussa , Soumana Idrissa , Mahamane Ali
Published: May 2023

Objective: The objective of the study was to analyse the ecological and floristic indicators of natural formations with Vachellia tortilis subsp. raddiana. Methodology and Results: The present study was conducted in the departments of Maine-Soroa and Goudoumaria located in the Diffa region, in the extreme south-east of Niger Phytosociological data were collected using the Braun-Blanquet sigmatiste method and the Daget and Poissonet quadrat point method. In total, 80 plots were delimited. The data collected are related to the coverage of plant species and environmental variables. The spectra of biological and phytogeographical types were calculated. Hierarchical Ascending Classification (HAC), Canonical Detrended Analysis (CDA) and Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) were used to determine the plant groupings and their ecological and floristic characteristics. The results revealed a total species richness of 72 plant species divided into 34 families and 70 genera. The most represented families are Poaceae (18.06%), Fabaceae- Mimosoideae, and Convolvulaceae (8.33% each). Therophytes are the most represented biological type (50%). Paleotropical species is the dominant phytogeographic type (37.5%). The ascending hierarchical classification (CHA) and the Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) allowed to discriminate three (3) plant groupings with V. tortilis. These are the Vachellia tortilis and Dactyloctenium aegyptium group (G1) and the Vachellia tortilis and Cenchrus biflorus group (G2) observed on the dune flats and slopes and the Vachellia tortilis and Schoenefeldia gracilis group (G3) in the lowlands. The analysis of structural parameters showed that the population of V. tortilis is characterized by an average density of 102.5±22.10 plants/ha with individuals having an average diameter of 14.68±8.22 cm, an average height of 5.24±1.49 m and an average cover of 25.58±16.47 m². Conclusion and application of results: This study constitutes a reference state that can serve as a basis for sustainable management of the ecosystems in these areas, whose main uses are essentially pastoral. Key words: Vachellia tortilis, Biological types, Phytogeographical types, Floristic diversity, Niger.
An investigation of the Vickers hardness of polishing pads using simulations based on microtomography model
Authors: Huy Le Nam Quoc , Hoa Le Ngoc Quynh
Published: May 2023

Porous pads used during the chemical mechanical polishing are critical in IC fabrication for achieving consistent throughput. The hardness of thermoplastic polyurethane pads is identified as a crucial parameter in calibrating the amount of material removed during the polishing process. Through micro-CT scanning technology, a three-dimensional micro-topography model of polyurethane IC1000 pad was developed. Nanoindentation measurements were conducted to evaluate the physical properties of IC1000 pad in the manufacture process. In order to investigate the Vickers hardness of the polyurethane IC1000 pad, which widely use in the fabrication of semiconductor manufacturing, the finite element method was employed to simulate the indentation between Vickers indenter diamond tip and the model of IC1000 pad. This study is not only successfully calibrating the Vickers hardness of polyurethane IC1000 pad with a 3 percent error compared to experimental verification, but also developed a novel methodology for investigating the micro-topography structure of polymer foam materials.
Actual features of trade in mechanical engineering products between Russia and the countries of the Central-Eastern Europe
Authors: Golubkin A. V. , Malyutina O. M. , Chernetskii F. M.
Published: May 2023

Aim. To identify key features and trends in the process of trade in engineering products between Russia and Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries in 2020-2022.

Tasks. To analyze the dynamics of Russia’s trade relations with CEE countries in the field of mechanical engineering (including electronics and electrical engineering) under sanctions; identify the main commodity groups in the structure of the mechanical engineering sector in trade between Russia and CEE countries; identify the impact of Western sanctions on trade in mechanical engineering products between Russia and CEE countries.

Methods. The authors used such research methods as statistical analysis, observation, generalization, description and graphic modeling.

Results. The results obtained in the analysis indicate that the export of machine-building products of CEE states prevails over the corresponding Russian exports to this region. The sanctions conditions have determined an unfavorable long-term trend in the trade of engineering products between Russia and CEE countries.

Conclusions. The trade and economic indicators analyzed in this article have demonstrated a decline in the volume of trade interaction between Russia and the CEE countries in the machine-building sphere, especially the sharp decline in exports of the states of the region to Russia. Under the conditions of sanctions, both sides incur economic losses, which are higher for the CEE states. By freezing trade relations with Russia, the CEE countries are deprived of existing benefits and an occupied niche in the Russian market. Moreover, it will be difficult for the states of this region to find new markets for engineering products and to compensate for the losses due to the refusal of exports to Russia.
An approach to modeling regional effects in the implementation of air transport infrastructure projects
Authors: Gubenko A. V. , Borodulina S. A. , Kruttsov A. S.
Published: May 2023

Aim. The presented study aims to describe the elements of the assessment of the cumulative regional effect from projects for the development of transport and related sectors of the economy of the Russian Federation.

Tasks. The authors investigate the dynamics of changes in passenger traffic in the Far Eastern region through the example of Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk Airport; identify the growth areas of air transport; explore the possibility of regional development based on investment in tourism business; propose an approach to assessing the cumulative regional effect from projects for the development of transport and related sectors of the region’s economy.

Methods. This study uses well-known methods for evaluating composite, sectoral, and multiplicative effects. The proposed approach is based on the formation of a cumulative regional effect with allowance for the advantages of the examined methods and the method of direct calculation of the generated effects.

Results. Development trends and dynamics of passenger traffic in the Far East are determined through the example of Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk Airport, along with the dynamics and current trends of air traffic (including routes to China) in the context of external factors. Opportunities for the development of tourist routes between China and Russia and the need to establish tourist business in the Far East are identified. An approach is proposed to describe the cumulative regional effect from projects for the development of aviation and tourism infrastructure in the region, which in the future can serve as a basis for the development of an appropriate methodology for calculating the effects.

Conclusions. The results of the study can be used to create a methodology for assessing the cumulative regional effects from projects for the development of transportation and related sectors of the economy based on multiplicative effects.
Development of state regulation of greenhouse gas emissions in Russia at the present stage
Authors: Surikov D. O.
Published: May 2023

Aim.To analyze current problems in the development of state regulation of greenhouse gas emissions in Russia, including its economic and institutional-legal aspects.

Tasks.To examine and evaluate the trends of the climate legislation in the context of greenhouse gas emissions regulation; to determine the main advantages and disadvantages of the current carbon regulation at the national and regional levels.

Methods.Using analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction and comparison, this article reveals the current problems and trends of the state regulation of greenhouse gas emissions in Russia, its mechanisms and tools.

Results.The author has analyzed and evaluated the current climate legislation in terms of regulation of greenhouse gas emissions, including the key federal laws and strategic documents, which form the system of state carbon regulation, and the related sub-legislative acts.

Conclusions.Despite the initial stage of development of the domestic system of carbon regulation, the state has taken a number of important steps both for the formation of a legal framework for the regulation of greenhouse gas emissions and for the functioning of mechanisms of carbon regulation, which can help Russia to achieve carbon neutrality by the mid-21stcentury.
El aula del futuro. Experiencias educativas
Authors: Peña-Acuña Beatriz
Published: May 2023

El contenido de este volumen presenta y describe qué es el aula del futuro a los agentes pertenecientes a la educación (profesorado, docentes en formación inicial, profesionales de la educación, padres, etc.). De modo que muestra, de forma amena y en un lenguaje asequible, el modelo teórico-tecnológico de los espacios de aprendizaje de forma aplicada. Asimismo, quedan enmarcados dentro de este tipo de espacio inteligente las metodologías docentes activas, los recursos tecnológicos y las experiencias educativas y percepciones del profesorado tanto en la universidad como en colegios en los que se ha implantado.
ANALISIS DEBIT ANDALAN METODE NRECA UNTUK KEBUTUHAN AIR IRIGASI DAN NERACA AIR WADUK BAGONG TRENGGALEK
Authors: Rudi Saputri Efa Grasia Febrian , Saves Faradlillah
Published: May 2023

Dari tahun ke tahun kebutuhan air semakin meningkat, tetapi efisiensi pemanfaatan ketersediaan air masih belum diterapkan dengan baik. Permasalahannya adalah ketersediaan air, tidak bisa mengimbangi  dengan kebutuhan air. Sehingga perlu adanya analisis terkait ketersediaan air dan kebutuhan air. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada DAS Bagong yang terletak di Kabupaten Trenggalek. Dalam penelitian ini ketersediaan air dianalisis menggunakan metode NRECA dan dibandingkan dengan debit andalan FJ.Mock. Hasil analisis debit andalan metode NRECA didapatkan debit maksimal yaitu 2,18 /detik pada bulan april I dan debit minimal yaitu 0,00 /detik. Sedangkan debit andalan metode FJ.Mock didapatkan debit maksimal yaitu 3,23 /detik pada bulan desember I dan debit minimal yaitu 0,00 /detik. Dengan pola tata tanam padi-padi-palawija didapatkan kebutuhan air irigasi maksimal 1,40 /detik pada bulan November I. Dan total kebutuhan air irigasi dalam satu tahun yaitu 14,86 /detik. Neraca air dengan debit andalan metode NRECA menghasilkan hasil defisit pada bulan April II hingga November II. Sedangkan Neraca air dengan debit andalan metode FJ.Mock menghasilkan hasil defisit pada bulan Mei I hingga November II. Hasil uji NSE metode NRECA dengan nilai NSE 0,73 dan FJ.Mock dengan nilai NSE 0,30 sehingga dapat disimpulkan metode NRECA lebih sesuai dengan DAS Bagong.
Power and Trajectory Optimization of UAVs System in THz-Band Communications under Different Fading Channels
Authors: Karabulut Muhammet Ali
Published: May 2023

Researchers are interested in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) because they have many uses in the current 5G and envisioned 6G networks and are safer than human vehicles. Terahertz (THz)-band communications are a possible option for 6G for fast communication. The THz wireless communication between UAVs is taken into consideration in this work. Different fading channels, which are significant influencing factors in the THz communication channel modeling, are used to analyze the performance of UAV communications in THz networks. Consideration must be given to the structure, wireless channel parameters, and transmission characteristics when evaluating the performance of wireless technology. Nakagami-m, Rician, Weibull, and Rayleigh fading channels are all taken into consideration along with log-normal fading. Moreover, an optimization algorithm for the THz channel is presented, which is to minimize the transmission power by optimizing the trajectory of uplink and downlink transmissions between the UAV and users. The equations of the UAVs location and the transmission power optimization of each user are derived. Analytical formulations regarding capacity, outage probability, and bit error rate (BER) are generated when performance-influencing factors are taken into account. The analytical analysis is supported by numerical results that are provided.  
Evolution and Trends of Cloud on Industrial OT Networks
Authors: Perducat Cyril , Mazur David , Mukai Wes , Sandler Scott , Anthony Michael , Mills Jon
Published: May 2023

The current industrial automation landscape faces considerable challenges due to the increasing growth of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) devices, cloud services, IT/OT convergence, along with evolving hyper-scaler technologies such as Kubernetes and distributed computing. This paper provides an in-depth review of the existing ISA-95 Model and its current role in supporting manufacturing systems and their interactions. Additionally, it examines how emerging technologies are impacting the security, design, and management of Operational Technology (OT) networks. As existing perimeter-based models, such as ISA-95, are pushed to their limits, the concepts of Zero Trust architectures, and policy based or software-defined networks are being explored as the next generation of OT network design. This paper aims to provide a high-level introduction to the concepts and disruptive technologies, and introduce the potential implementation risks and challenges of these principles within traditional IT/OT converged solutions.
Review and Comparison of US, EU, and UK Regulations on Cyber Risk/Security of the Current Blockchain Technologies: Viewpoint from 2023
Authors: radanliev Petar
Published: May 2023

The first cryptocurrency was invested in 2008/09, but the Blockchain-Web3 concept is still in its infancy, and the cyber risk is constantly changing. Our cybersecurity should also be adapting to these changes to ensure security of personal data and continuation of business for organisations. This review paper starts with a comparison of existing cybersecurity standards and regulations from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) - ISO27001, followed by a discussion on more specific and recent standards and regulations, such as the Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation (MiCA), Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures and the International Organisation of Securities Commissions (CPMI-IOSCO), and more general cryptography and post-quantum cryptography, in the context of cybersecurity. These topics are followed up by a review of recent technical reports on cyber risk/security and a discussion on cloud security questions. Comparison of Blockchain cyber risk is also performed on the recent EU standards on cyber security, including European Cybersecurity Certification Scheme (EUCS) – cloud, and additional US standards – The National Vulnerability Database (NVD) Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS). The study includes a review of Blockchain endpoint security, and new technologies e.g., IoT. The research methodology applied is a review and case study analysing secondary data on cybersecurity. The research significance is the integration of knowledge from the United States (US), the European Union (EU), the United Kingdom (UK), and international standards and frameworks on cybersecurity that can be alighted to new Blockchain projects. The results show that cybersecurity standards are not designed in close cooperation between the two major western blocks - US and EU. In addition, while the US is still leading in this area, the security standards for cryptocurrencies, internet-of-things, and blockchain technologies have not evolved as fast as the technologies have. The key finding from this study is that although the crypto market has grown into a multi-trillion industry, the crypto market has also lost over 70% since its peak, causing significant financial loss for individuals and cooperation’s. Despite this significant impact to individuals and society, cybersecurity standards and financial governance regulations are still in their infancy.