bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
More than one year surfing the waves of covid-19… and now the vaccination
Authors: Branquinho Cátia , Gaspar de Matos Margarida Gaspar de
Published: October 2021

Adolescents and young adults (AYA) have the skills to contribute to the issues that affect them. This work present the opinions/experiences of Portuguese AYA, related to COVID-19, based on four multi-method studies with participants aged 16-24 years: (1st lockdown) 617 (M = 19.1 years, SD = 2.352); (Back to school) 304 (M = 18.4 years, SD = 2.12); (2nd lockdown) 592 (M = 19.01 years, SD = 2.32) and (Vaccination) 558 (M = 19.34 years, SD = 2.266). In general, results shown that AYA have a negative perspective, especially girls and university students. Most are well informed about the general aspects and trust in vaccination benefits. As conclusion, this study shows AYA competence to participate in the issues that affect them and their ability to propose strategies that may mitigate negative effects and promote a few positive ones.
Servicios ecosistémicos de provisión suministrados por agroecosistemas de huertos familiares del Estado de México
Authors: Arcos Severo Minerva , Gutiérrez Cedillo Jesús Gastón , Balderas Plata Miguel Ángel , Martínez García Carlos Galdino
Published: October 2021

Introducción: Los servicios ecosistémicos (SE) de provisión suministrados por los agroecosistemas de huertos familiares (AEHF) se refieren a los beneficios tangibles que las personas obtienen del ecosistema. Aunque los AEHF, han sido ampliamente estudiados, pocos son los trabajos que evidencian su abordaje desde una perspectiva integral, la cual incorpore características biofísicas y económicas al mismo tiempo. Objetivo: Realizar un análisis integral los servicios ecosistémicos de provisión suministrados por agroecosistemas de huertos familiares del Estado de México. Métodos: Se recopilo información sobre los SE de provisión (identificación, usos, destinos y generación de ingresos) mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas, cuestionarios, inventarios de especies, observaciónes directas, y recorridos en campo entre Marzo a Diciembre de 2019 en tres comunidades rurales, con la participación de 42 familias propietarias de los huertos familiares. Resultados: Se identificaron un total de seis SE de provisión asociados a 212 especies, las cuales fueron distribuidas en 172 géneros y 82 familias. Los Principales usos que los propietarios de los huertos dieron a los SE de provisión fueron ornamentales (51 %), seguidos de los alimenticios (39 %) y medicinales (32 %), donde especies como Cymbopogon citratus, Persea americana, Punica granatum, Zea mays e Inga jinicuil, tuvieron los mayores valores de uso (V. U. = 4). El destino de la producción fue autoconsumo, venta e intercambio; siendo el primero, la principal estrategia de sobrevivencia utilizada por los hogares. La venta de productos comestibles en fresco, así como de sus derivados represento ingresos brutos promedio de 1 333.47 USD/año para los propietarios de los huertos familiares. Conclusiones: Los servicios ecosistémicos de provisión proporcionados por los huertos familiares son vistos como una fuente importante de recursos, los cuales permiten satisfacer necesidades múltiples de los hogares rurales, catalogados en pobreza extrema.
Desenvolvimento de uma Microbalança de Cristal de Quartzo – MCQ experimental como ferramenta para o ensino de física moderna
Authors: Lima Gilson Tavares de , Marson Poliana Guerino , Santos Helcileia Dias
Published: October 2021

Neste artigo descrevemos a construção e funcionamento de um MCQ experimental de baixo custo para demonstrar o uso de sensores quartzo para análises micro gravimétricas em meio líquido. Para isso, foi utilizado a plataforma Arduino micro® para controlar o interfaceamento com o computador, bem como um frequencímetro para excitação do sensor. Uma interface gráfica gratuita para computadores foi utilizada a fim de controlar o experimento e exibir os dados obtidos em tempo real. Também foram apresentados aplicações do modelo experimental e análises das capacidades de detecção.
Previsões incertas
Authors: Helene Otaviano , Rodrigues Tulio , Mariano Leandro
Published: October 2021

Neste trabalho estudamos a dificuldade de predizer a evolução temporal de um fenômeno, como uma pandemia ou uma epidemia, quando os dados são afetados por flutuações estatísticas, mesmo que conheçamos a função que rege tal evolução. As flutuações iniciais no processo provocam grandes incertezas dos parâmetros ajustados e na função extrapolada e, consequentemente, na previsão quantitativa da evolução de uma epidemia. Além das flutuações estatísticas, as covariâncias dos parâmetros ajustados contribuem para as incertezas e dúvidas sobre a evolução do fenômeno estudado. O problema é introduzido usando um fenômeno familiar aos estudantes de física.
Review on the construction development and control technology of the shaking table
Authors: Gao Chunhua , Wang Jieqiong , Yuan Xiaobo , Zhang Yonghe , Yang Yanping , Qin Mengyuan
Published: October 2021

The shaking table is a good reproduction of the structure response test method in the laboratory. This paper explores the shaking or vibration table from the aspects of construction, control technology, test method and application. The construction time of a typical shaking table in China and around the world is given, and the indicators such as table size and performance parameters are hereto summarised. This paper expounds the significance of the construction of the shaking table, analyses its development and the advantages and disadvantages of its control technology, and discusses its existing mainstream test methods and application process. The application of the shaking table technology in related research fields is introduced in detail. This provides a reference for the further selection, upgrade, development and utilisation of seismic research simulation of shaking table.
Yolk–shell structured sulfur composite cathode for high performance lithium–sulfur battery
Authors: Tang Kaikai , Xiao Jun , Long Mengqi , Chen Jun , Gao Hong , Liu Hao
Published: October 2021

Lithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs) suffer from the unavoidable ‘shuttle effects’ of lithium polysulfides (LPSs) and the infinite volume change of the sulfur. Herein, the authors prepared a yolk–shell structured N-doped carbon nanotubes/sulfur/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanotube (N-CNTs/S@PEDOT) composite as a cathode for LSBs. The yolk–shell structure with void spaces can effectively buffer the volume expansion of sulfur, while the outer ‘shell’ can act as a physical barrier to minimise the ‘shuttle effects’ of LPSs. Moreover, the N-CNTs with high conductivity and superior structural stability are able to improve the electron transfer efficiency and cycling performance. Therefore, the specially designed yolk–shell structured N-CNTs/S@PEDOT composite cathode exhibits an extraordinary rate performance and enhanced cycling stability (602 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles at 0.1 C).
Leer la biblioteca mattelartiana
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, Fuentes Navarro Raúl
Published: October 2021

El propósito de este artículo es aportar un ángulo de análisis poco desarrollado y aprovechado en los estudios de comunicación en América Latina, a propósito de la reconstrucción de la influencia de la obra de Armand Mattelart en este campo, extendida durante más de cincuenta años. Los recuentos de citas, facilitados por los recursos digitales disponibles en la actualidad, se han desarrollado desde hace décadas en diversos ámbitos científicos como indicadores de influencia y reconocimiento, que no obstante, es necesario contextualizar con cautela.
Caminares y miradas de la comunicación y cultura desde la vertiente Mattelart
Authors: León Castro Edizon
Published: October 2021

El caminares mencionado desde el título de este artículo, no está relacionado con mostrar únicamente un recorrido, y menos pretende ser una secuencia temporal de las múltiples reflexiones en el campo de la comunicación y la cultura que se han venido dando, sino tiene que ver en los aprendizajes de ese caminar, tanto desde la teoría como de la praxis, tomando en cuenta principalmente los aportes de los Mattelart a favor de la construcción de un pensamiento crítico que busque transformar relaciones de poder estructurales que han pretendido naturalizar unas inequidades históricas.
Antalya İli Su Ürünleri Üretici Birliğinin Ortakları ile İlişkilerinin Analizi
Authors: ŞEN ŞENSOY Evrim Beyhan , YILMAZ Serpil
Published: October 2021

Üretici örgütleri, ortaklarının sosyal ve ekonomik ihtiyaçlarını karşılamak amacıyla kurulan, günümüzde ülkelerin gelişmişlik kriteri olarak da kabul edilen yapılardır. Ortakların üretim girdilerini uygun fiyat ile elde edebilmeleri, gelirlerini artırabilmeleri, ürünlerini iyi koşullarda pazarlayabilmeleri ancak etkin bir örgütlenme ile mümkün olabilir. Bu nedenle bu araştırmada Antalya Su Ürünleri Yetiştiricileri Üretici Birliği’nin 35 ortağı ile yüz yüze anket yöntemi ile görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Tam sayım yöntemi yapılan çalışmada, Antalya ilindeki balıkçıların örgütlenme eğilimleri, örgütlenme yapıları ve örgütlenmelerini etkileyen faktörlerin ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın veri toplama aşaması olan anket uygulama dönemi av sezonu dönemi olarak planlanmış ve Kasım 2017- Mart 2018 tarihleri arasında gerçekleşmiştir. Çalışmada, bağlantılı olarak öngörülen veriler için khi kare analizi, üretici örgütü ile ortakları ilişkisini belirleyen etkenleri belirlemek için de çok değişkenli istatistik analizlerinden faktör analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre; Su Ürünleri Üretici Birliği’ne ortak olma nedenlerinin başında ekonomik ve teknik destek alabilme amacı gelmekte ise de, ortaklar tarafından üretici birliğinin faaliyetleri yetersiz olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Öte yandan yine ortaklar tarafından, koşullarının sınırlı olmasına, yeterli desteğe sahip olmamasına ve beklenen başarıyı tam olarak karşılayamamasına rağmen üretici birliklerinin ayakta durma çabaları ve ortak sayılarının giderek artması Antalya’da balıkçıların örgütlenmesi açısından olumlu bir sonuç olarak değerlendirilebilmektedir.
THE USE OF SHADBERRY EXTRACT IN THE PRODUCTION OF ENRICHED FLOUR CONFECTIONERY PRODUCTS
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, Kol'man Ol'ga , Pushmina I. N. ,   Kemerovo Institute of Food Science and Technology, Ivanova Galina ,   Siberian Federal University
Published: October 2021

Among the population, various types of flour confectionery are especially popular, but from the point of view of healthy nutrition, the consumption of products included in the group of flour confectionery products should be limited since they have a number of disadvantages: the products have a high energy value, which is primarily due to the significant content of carbohydrates and fats in the chemical composition of the ingredients included in the formulation; flour of the highest grade is used to obtain flour confectionery products, therefore, they do not contain dietary fibers that contribute to the elimination of toxic substances from the human body and, in general, improve the functioning of the digestive system, therefore, research aimed at the development of new flour confectionery products enriched with dietary fiber is relevant. For the design of enriched flour confectionery products, secondary raw materials can be used resulting from the processing of berries - pomace. The article deals with the issues related to the development of a waste-free scheme for the processing of shadberry and the recipe for an enriched flour confectionery with a semi-finished product obtained from the marc of shadberry. A scheme for obtaining a semi-finished product «Powder from pomace of shadberry» has been developed. On the basis of the studies carried out, it was revealed that the powder from the pomace of the shadberry is a promising source of dietary fiber for the body. The control studies of the recipe of muffins with different contents of powder from the pomace of shadberry were carried out. For each sample, organoleptic and physicochemical indicators were determined. All obtained samples of muffins meet the requirements of GOST 15052-2014 in terms of organoleptic and physicochemical indicators, but the best organoleptic indicators are shown by sample No. 6 of a muffin with pomace powder (16% of the total content of premium flour). A recipe has been developed for the «Curd» cake with a powder of squeeze of shadberry. The degree of satisfaction of the need for dietary fiber and energy has been determined when using the «Curd» cake with squeeze of shadberry.
ASSESSMENT OF THE COMPETITIVENESS OF 3-STAR HOTELS IN KRASNOYARSK
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, Yabrova Olga , Kamoza Tatyana , Safronova Tatyana , Yakusheva Alyona
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to assessing the competitiveness of 3-star hotels on the example of Krasnoyarsk. Today Krasnoyarsk is one of the centers of attraction for domestic tourism, both in the region and in the Russian Federation. Residents of the Krasnoyarsk region and other regions of Russia form about 90% of the tourist flow. Today Krasnoyarsk is one of the most beautiful cities in the country, a modern industrial city with unique architecture. The number of collective accommodation facilities for 2020 amounted to 174 units for 11305 places. Currently, 3-star hotels are particularly popular among foreign and domestic tourists. To assess the competitiveness of accommodation facilities, the methodology of "analysis of four indicators", which is used in marketing, was selected and adapted to assess the competitiveness of the enterprise. The main factors for assessing competitiveness were: "location", "pricing policy", "service level". Based on the assessment, hotels with the highest level of competitiveness in the hotel market of Krasnoyarsk were identified. The highest rating was taken by the hotels: Krasnoyarsk (19.8), Snowy Owl (19.36), Ibis Krasnoyarsk Center (18.72). Hotels have a low rating: gArage (14.96), Yakhont (14.16), Dvorik (14.4).
The comparative study of invasive electroencephalography modalities in temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Dzhafarov V. M. , Dmitriev A. B. , Denisova N. P. , Rzaev D. A.
Published: October 2021

Introduction. Invasive video-EEG monitoring (invasive EEG) is indicated in patients with refractory focal epilepsy while localization of the epileptogenic zone is unclear. Methods of invasive EEG in different groups of patients demonstrate variable results.

Objective: to analyse the results of invasive EEG via subdural and depth electrodes in patients with refractory temporal lobe epilepsy with mesial temporal lobe seizures.

Materials and methods. The series of 37 patients who underwent invasive EEG from 2013 to 2020 was retrospectively analysed. The study includes primary adult patients with structural refractory focal epilepsy with mesial temporal lobe seizures without tumor and vascular pathology. Patients were divided onto 3 groups: 1) with foramen ovale electrodes 2) subdural strip electrodes and 3) combination of subdural strips and depths electrodes. The results of anteromedial temporal lobectomy after 6 months were classified according to Engel scale.

Results. A group with foramen ovale electrodes included 7 patients, subdural strips – 23, combination – 7. The seizure onset zone was detected in 36 (97 %) cases. Serious complications were observed in 2 (29 %) cases in the group with foramen ovale electrodes. The mean follow-up in 23 (76 %) patients after resective surgery was 28.3 months. Favourable results (Engel I, II) were observed in 4 (80 %) patients with foramen ovale electrodes, in 8 (67 %) patients with subdural electrodes, in 6 (100 %) with combination. Unfavourable results (Engel III, IV) were noted in 1 (20 %) patient with foramen ovale electrode, in 4 (33 %) patients with subdural strips.

Conclusion. All the presented modalities of invasive EEG are effective for localizing of seizure onset zone in this category of patients. Foramen ovale electrode using may be limited due to increased risk of complications.
A feasible alternative to transfemoral artery access for endovascular revascularization in acute ischemic stroke in cases with difficult vessel anatomy
Authors: Prozorov S. A.
Published: October 2021

Endovascular treatment in acute ischemic stroke is usually performed via a transfemoral approach. Catheterization can be problematic in cases with difficult anatomy: unfavorable arch type, vessel tortuosity and ostial stenosis, aorta coarc‑ tation, iliac artery occlusion. The aim of this review is to describe the place of another arterial approach in the manage‑ ment in acute ischemic stroke: direct common carotid
Skull base meningiomas: development of treatment methods
Authors: Zuev S. E. , Tokarev A. S.
Published: October 2021

The review describes the treatment methods for skull base meningiomas and promising modern trends in this area. The most significant events in the development of meningiomas’ surgical treatment are described. The current research and scientific approaches to the skull base meningiomas’ treatment are presented: medical robotic systems, targeted therapy, radiosurgery, and proton therapy.
Koronavirüs (COVID-19) Salgını ve İnternet Gazeteciliği: Karşılaştırmalı Bir İçerik Analizi
Authors: UYANIK Gizem
Published: October 2021

İlk olarak Çin’in Hubei Eyaletinin Vuhan şehrinde ortaya çıkan yeni Koronavirüs (COVID-19) salgını, Avrupa ve Amerika başta olmak üzere tüm dünyaya yayılmakta ve çeşitli alanlarda köklü değişiklikleri beraberinde getirmektedir. Koronavirüs salgınının en çok etkilendiği alanların başında gelen medya, çevresinde yaşanan ekonomik, kültürel, sağlık gibi çeşitli gelişmeler ile sürekli olarak değişim yaşamaktadır. Günümüzde yeni medya alanında haber alma ihtiyacının büyük bir kısmını karşılayan internet siteleri, haberlerin anlık olarak paylaşıldığı ve dolaşıma sokulduğu bir alandır. Çalışma, Koronavirüs salgını ile ilgili alınan kararlar etrafında, medya metinlerinin sunumlarında herhangi bir değişikliğe gidilip gidilmediğini ortaya koyma amacı taşımaktadır. Buradan hareketle bu çalışmada, Dünya Sağlık Örgütü'nün (DSÖ) 11 Mart 2020 tarihinde yeni Koronavirüsü pandemi ilan etmesinden öncesinde ve sonrasında yayımlanan bir aylık haberlerin sayılarında ve sunumlarında bir değişiklik olup olmadığı saptanmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu bağlamda Milliyet ve Birgün gazetelerinin internet sitelerinde 11.02.2020/11.03.2020 ve 12.03.2020/12.04.2020 tarihleri arasında “Koronavirüs” anahtar kelimesiyle aratılan 3.444 haber, içerik analizi yöntemiyle niteliksel ve niceliksel olarak 26 analiz kategorisinde incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, Koronavirüsün pandemi ilan edilmesiyle birlikte haberin niteliklerinde, paylaşım biçimlerinde ve sunumlarında değişikliğe gidildiği bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır.
LEGAL ASPECT OF PAYMENT OF THE AVERAGE AMOUNT OF CASH SUPPLY TO MILITARY SERVANTS ON THE BASIS OF A COURT DECISION
Authors: Kopach R. , Оstapenko I.
Published: October 2021

The article analyzes the problematic issues regarding the payment of cash benefits to servicemen in case of violation of the term of obligatory social benefits upon dismissal. It is determined that during 2018–2020 there is a practice of applying the norms of labor legislation of Ukraine to recover from the military units of the Armed Forces of Ukraine the average amount of cash during the delay of full payment of a serviceman upon discharge from military service. It is noted that this state of affairs puts excessive financial pressure on the state defense budget, and therefore it is necessary to clarify the legitimacy of the application of labor legislation to servicemen in terms of payment of the average amount of cash for the delay in discharge from military service. It is substantiated that the norms of special legislation have an exclusive advantage over the norms of labor
legislation in resolving disputes concerning the full calculation of servicemen upon discharge from military service. Emphasis is placed on the fact that the practice of the European Court of Human Rights regarding the payment of average earnings to individual citizens of Ukraine during the delay in payment upon dismissal is ambiguous. It was found that at the regulatory level there is no procedure for calculating the average amount of cash collateral. It is noted that the application of the analogy of the procedure for calculating the average salary of employees is technically impossible given that the structure of monetary support of servicemen and its economic essence is different from the structure and nature of wages. It is proposed as a direction of further research to develop a compromise mechanism in the system of special legislation to strengthen the responsibility of officials of military units of the Armed Forces of Ukraine for late and incomplete payment of servicemen upon discharge from military service.
Playworlds as Ways of Being, A Chorus of Voices: Why are Playworlds Worth Creating?
Authors: Ferholt B. , Lecusay R. , Rainio A.P. , Baumer S. , Miyazaki K. , Nilsson M. , Cohen L.
Published: October 2021

This paper discusses the playworlds of the Playworld of Creative Research (PWCR) research group. Play¬worlds are created from a relatively new form of play that can be described as a combination of adult forms of creative imagination (art, science, etc.), which require extensive real life experience, and children’s forms of creative imagination (play), which require the embodiment of ideas and emotions in the material world. In playworlds, adults and children (or teenagers or seniors) enter into a common fantasy that is designed to support the development of both adults and children (or teenagers or seniors). The PWCR understands play¬worlds and the study of playworlds as ways of being. In this paper we present unique, individual playworlds that we truly love from the perspective of researchers, artists, teachers, children, administrators, and imagi¬nary characters, who participate in playworlds. We use a master fiction writer’s words on the love of literature to frame our discussion of playworlds, focusing on truth, time, human magic, infinite possibilities, fun, and the enriching and intensifying (and so, creating) of the real in playworlds in Japan, Finland, Sweden and the US.
ST segment yükselmesi olmayan miyokard infarktüsü olgularında enoksoparin tedavisinin etkinliğinin değerlendirilmesinde AntiFXa aktivitesi ve tromboleastogram yönteminin karşılaştırılması
Authors: GÜNDÜZ Ramazan , YİLDİZ Bekir Serhat , ÖZDEMIR İbrahim Halil , ÖZEN Mehmet Burak , ÇETIN Nurullah , YAVUZGİL Oğuz
Published: October 2021

Amaç: Tromboelastogram parametrelerindeki değişiklerin standart olarak önerilen AntiFXa aktivitesi ile karşılaştırılarak bu testin enoksaparin tedavisinin monitörizasyonundaki rolünün incelenmesidir.

Gereç ve Yöntem: ST segment yükselmesi olmayan miyokard infarktüsü tanısıyla koroner yoğun bakım ünitesine yatırılan 25 hasta çalışmaya alınmıştır. Hastalara yatış anında iki tüp kan alınmış ve 1mg/kg enoksapirinin üçüncü dozu yapıldıktan 4 saat sonra iki tüp kan daha alınmıştır. Hastalara AntiFXa, tromboelastogram, aktive koagülasyon zamanı bakılmıştır.

Bulgular: Enoksoparin uygulaması sonrası aktive koagülasyon zamanı değerinde bir miktar artış izlenmekle birlikte bunun anlamlı olmadığı görüldü (p₌0.094). Enoksoparin sonrası tromboelastogram parametrelerinden maksimum amplitüde(MA) azalmış (MA bazal 65.4±11.9 sonra 63.4±7.8), R zamanı artmış (5±1.7 den 8.4±4.6,), K zamanı artmış (1.89±1.06 dan 2.56±1.4), açı azalmıştır. (66.34±5.6 dan 57.9±11.4). AntiFXa artmıştır (0.122±0.06 dan 0.501±0.359).

Sonuç: Tromboelastogram parametreleri değerlendirildiğinde tipik artmış bir prokoagülan aktivite olmamakla birlikte kısmen artmış bir fibrinolitik aktivite saptanmıştır.
Primer perkütan koroner girişim uygulanan ST-segment yükseklikli miyokard infarktüslü hastalarda platelet/lenfosit oranı ile no-reflow oluşumu arasındaki ilişki
Authors: ÖZMEN Çağlar , AKRAY Anıl , İLTAŞ Abdulkadir , ÖZMEN YILDIZ Pınar , YILDIZ İbrahim , AKTAŞ Halil
Published: October 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, primer perkütan koroner girişim (PKG) ile tedavi edilen akut ST-segment yükselmeli miyokard infarktüsü (STYMİ) hastalarında başvuru sırasında ölçülen platelet/lenfosit oranının (PLO) ile no-reflow fenomeni oluşumu arasındaki ilişkiyi değerlendirmektir.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada, primer PKG ile tedavi edilen akut STYMİ'li 126 hasta kapsanmıştırr. Hastaların hastaneye başvuru anındaki hemoglobin, trombosit ve lenfosit düzeyleri dosya verilerinden elde edildi. Hastaların işlem sonrasındaki miyokard infarktüsünde tromboliz (TIMI) akım derecesi, miyokardın boyanma derecesi (MBG) ve TIMI trombüs ölçeği koroner anjiyografi kayıtlarından değerlendirildi.

Bulgular: Hastalar PKG sonrası TIMI akım derecesine göre normal koroner akım (s=66) grubu ve azalmış koroner akım (no-reflow) grubu (s=60) olmak üzere iki gruba ayrıldı. No-reflow grupta normal koroner akım grubu ile kıyaslandığında daha düşük SVEF ve daha yüksek PLO vardı. TIMI akım derecesi ve MBG' si daha düşük olan hastalarda, PLO anlamlı olarak daha yüksekti.

Sonuç: Primer PKG sonrasında no-reflow gelişen STYMİ hastalarında başvuru sırasında ölçülen PLO daha yüksek saptanmıştır. PLO, bu tür hastalarda no-reflow için bir öngörürücü olarak kullanılabilir.
Analysis of Technology for Autistic Children: Technologies Created with Therapeutic Objectives may Need to Attain a High Level of Design & Function
Authors: Choi Madeline , Jun Luke , Chon Irene , Choi Yuli
Published: October 2021

The capacity to capture diversity in the usage of commercial technologies by autistic children influence future learning and assist in the creation of new technologies. The survey data was gathered from parents (n =304) in the United States, and it contains information on people of varying ages and abilities. In our study, we discovered that the pattern of access and use was similar across age groups, but better reading and language ability was associated with the use of more devices and interfaces. The reported fear of technology was associated with a greater amount of time spent utilizing technology. Autistic youngsters make extensive use of mainstream technology for a wide variety of leisure activities. According to the findings, technologies created with therapeutic objectives in mind may need to attain a high level of design excellence in order to engage people.
“ANTIGONES” FROM TRANSBAIKALIA. THE SPECIFICITY OF WOMEN’S COUNTER-MEMORY IN THE BORDER REGIONS OF INNER ASIA
Authors:   Adam Mickevich University in Poznan, Ivan O. Peshkov
Published: October 2021

Stalinist mass violence led to the dispersion of Transbaikalian Cossacks, the loss of their material and cultural base, the decrease of their population and the disintegra-tion of the group. The reaction of the ex-Cossack transborder society in the USSR, China and Mongolia were the counter-memory building practices including the glori-fication of anticommunist uprisings and great respect for the local warlord Ataman Semenov (being the symbol of resistance). These re-remembering practices of the ul-tra male-oriented and dominated community reveal essential gender aspects. Para-doxically, the Transbaikalian Cossack counter-memory is a mostly women project. The Socialist modernization trauma confronted Cossack women with the so-called Antigone dilemma of the choice between the family (memory) and the state (forced forgetting). This article aims at showing the specificity of Cossack womens memory-building practices from the perspective of the character of women’s memories (con-nected with their family life, religious experiences and local social network), the dif-ference between the sexes as regards the social experience in Transbaikalian villages and women’s role in the Cossack tradition (telling the truth). The empirical founda-tions of this investigation are based on the field work and archive research conducted in Russia, Mongolia and China. The theoretical basis is the assumption of the mostly epistemological presence of the Past and the dependence of memory on the current social and cultural situation. Thus, that proves the active social role of memory and the impossibility of the purely autonomous collective memory in the conditions of isolation and mass political indoctrination. Nonetheless, the analyzed case has also shown the possibility of transforming ideological patterns into private mythology and the women’s legends about the ancestors’ glory, crucial for the cultural survival of the community.
Pattern of cervical disc changes in patients with non-traumatic neck pain: a review of cervical MRI scan findings
Authors: Gabkwet Anthony E. , Igoh Emmanuel O. , Gwom Pam M. , Taiwo Folake Y. , Salaam Abdul J. , Danjem Samuel M. , Pam Stephen D.
Published: October 2021

Background: Neck pain is a common global health problem causing significant individual disability and socioeconomic burden on health care facilities. Many factors have been associated with neck pain but the most implicated is the cervical intervertebral disc disease. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan is considered globally as the most sensitive test for detecting degenerative disc abnormalities associated with neck pain. The objective of this study was to evaluate cervical disc changes on MRI in non-traumatic symptomatic subjects and to accumulate baseline data on the pattern of changes.Methods: A four-years retrospective review of 115 patients (age range 13 to 81 years) who had a cervical MRI scan due to non-traumatic neck and radiating shoulder pain from September 2017 to February 2021 at the Radiology Department of Jos University Teaching Hospital North Central Nigeria. All the patients were scanned using a Single Siemens (Magnetom Concerto) MRI scanner with 0.2T magnetic field strength. Sagittal T1-weighted and T2-weighted fast spin-echo images were acquired, and axial images and contrast-enhanced studies were done only when required.Results: The study included 74 (64.3%) males and 41 (35.7%) females with a mean age of 50.7±13.2 and a modal age group of 41-60 years. The normal intervertebral disc was commonest at C2/C3 followed by C6/C7 level while degenerative disc changes were most commonly seen at C4/C5 followed by C5/C6 level. The majority (93%) of patients had multilevel intervertebral disc changes and the most frequent and severe occurrences of intervertebral disc dehydration, bulge, herniation, and disc space narrowing were noted at C4/C5 (79.1%), C4/C5 (12.2%), C5/C6 (59.1%) and C4/C5 (10.4%) respectively.Conclusions: This study found all patients examined had at least one level of intervertebral disc changes with the majority having multilevel involvement (93%). The most commonly and severely affected level was C4/C5 followed by C5/C6 level. The most frequent and severe occurrences of disc desiccation, bulge, herniation (protrusion/extrusion/sequestration) and disc height reduction were noted at C4/C5 (79.1%), C4/C5 (12.2%), C5/C6 (59.1%) and C4/C5 (10.4%) respectively.
Impact of second phase lockdown over Indian optometrists: a questionnaire based study
Authors: Dubey Gaurav , Dilkash Mantasha , Kumari Vibha , Ali Jamshed , Saeed Ali , Khan Iqura J. , Das Prasenjit , Kumari Nitika , Manik R. K. , Kamat Om S.
Published: October 2021

Background: Optometrist all over India have faced various problems during this period of COVID-19. This study is to find out the challenges faced by Indian optometrists during the Second phase of COVID-19 lockdown.Methods: A self-administrated, cross-sectional survey in English was distributed using Google forms through various professional bodies across optometrists in India. The questionnaire was circulated among optometrists practicing in India through social media, namely WhatsApp, Telegram, and Facebook. The survey aims to find out the challenges faced by Indian optometrists during the COVID-19 lockdown.Results: In this study, a total of 107 optometrists from all over India were enrolled, among which 60 (56%) were males and 47 (44.0%) were females. Informed consent was taken online by all the participants who were included in the study. 102 optometrists (95.3%) approved to participate in the study whereas 5 optometrists (4.8%) did not approve to participate in the study. 70% of optometrists faced problems in approaching the patient considering social distancing. 56% of optometrists had difficulty in dispensing spectacles, whereas 44% of optometrists did not face any difficulty. 81% of optometrists responded to have difficulty in dispensing contact lens.Conclusions: There are no doubt, due to COVID-19 optometrists have faced several challenges across the globe. The major challenge for optometrists was to dispense spectacle and contact lenses with maintaining their safety by maintaining social distancing with the patients. Maintaining social distancing is one of the best ways of reducing the further spread of the disease across the globe.
Usefulness of vestibular evoked myogenic potentials in diagnosis of peripheral vestibular disorders
Authors: Sirige Sreelatha , Kumar S. Rajesh , Chaitanya V. Krishna , Reddy Vasu Kumar
Published: October 2021

Background: Vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMP) are electromyographic responses to high-intensity acoustic stimuli to test vestibular system, otolith function and integrity of inferior vestibular nerve. These are easy to perform and non-invasive. In this study, we aimed at clinical application of VEMP to evaluate common peripheral vestibular disorders.

Methods: Prospective observational study carried in ENT department during January 2015-November 2016 over 40 patients in age group between 30-70 years with history of vertigo who underwent regular neuro-otological examination and VEMP.

Results: Of these, 25 diagnosed with BPPV, 11 with Meniere’s disease, and four with vestibular neuritis. Eight patients showed delayed VEMP responses. 28 (70%) patients had normal VEMP, 12 (30%) had abnormal VEMP responses. Out of 25 patients suffering from benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) posterior semi-circular canal was involved in 20 (80%) patients and lateral semi-circular canal in 5 (20%) patients. Abnormal VEMP was found in 5 (20%) patients involving posterior semi-circular canal and in 1 (20%) patient involving lateral semi-circular canal. In patients with Meniere’s disease stage I, Meniere’s disease was observed in 7 (63.6%), stage II in 2 (18.1%), and stage IV disease in 1 (9.09%) patient. In these patients, abnormal VEMP was found in 3 (42.8%) of 7 stage I, 1 (50%) of 2 stage II and 1 (100%) of stage IV patients. One (20%) patient had abnormal VEMP responses during study.

Conclusions: VEMP are short-latency EMG that evaluates saccule and inferior vestibular nerve in peripheral vestibular nervous system. VEMP should be considered as complementary test along with conventional vestibular function tests in patients with peripheral vertigo.
Vocal outcomes after video assisted cold knife endolaryngeal phonosurgery of benign vocal fold lesions
Authors: Mishra Sanjeev , Ullal Aishwarya , Rathaur Shiv Kumar
Published: October 2021

Background: This study focuses on therapeutic possibilities in managing benign superficial vocal fold lesions with video assisted cold knife endolaryngeal phonosurgery.

Methods: Fifty patients with benign vocal fold lesions presented to us between September 2013 and October 2015 who failed conservative therapy were subjected to video assisted cold knife endolaryngeal phonosurgery. The pre and postoperative results were evaluated based on voice rating by visual analogue scale and GRBAS scale.

Results: Encouraging results were achieved with cold knife endolaryngeal surgery as 96.3% of patients were symptom free without any recurrence after single operation. Most of them have achieved >90% of voice outcome by 1 month postoperatively based on voice assessment and laryngoscopic evaluation.

Conclusions: Using a telescope with high definition video system for performing phonosurgery is economic, enables the surgeon to acquire static images and video sequences. Cold knife endoscopic laryngeal surgery is possibly a better option for addressing BVFLs.
Deep neck abscesses-a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge
Authors: Ullal Aishwarya , Ajith Arun P.
Published: October 2021

Background: Deep neck space infections pose a diagnostic challenge, as they traverse complex anatomy, these patients develop devastating complications if the diagnosis is not made early.

Methods: This was a case series over a period of one year, reporting unusual presentation of deep neck abscesses. Patients were subjected to detailed history and clinical examination. Routine investigations, were done. After taking high risk consent, intra oral drainage of abscesses was done.

Results: In the present study of 30 cases age group affected was 10 to 30 years with male predominance. Peritonsillar abscesses were seen in the adolescent age groups whereas retropharyngeal space infections   were seen more in the adult population. Tuberculosis was the most common predisposing factor followed by diabetes. Dysphagia was the most common presenting symptom, followed by neck swelling. Intraoral drainage was done in 23 patients, intraoral drainage and ultrasound guided aspiration was done in 6 patients and 3 patient required emergency tracheostomy for securing of the airway.

Conclusions: Deep cervical abscesses still occur in the antibiotic era and may cause life-threatening complications.
Nail gun injury through the parapharyngeal space in a carpenter: a unique case report
Authors: Alswaiheb Jameel N. , Motiwala Mohammad Ali , Ahmed Muhammad Wasi , Beidas Tala Fawwaz
Published: October 2021

In developing countries, head and neck penetrating injuries from construction nails are rare can be dangerous or fatal. The use of nail guns in the construction industry gained popularity during the 1990s and is now widespread. In majority of nail gun injuries, the extremities are involved, although injuries to the head and neck region have also been described with approximately 45 cases of cranium penetrating nail gun injuries published in the literature. The management of such cases includes a neurological examination, systemic physical examination, and determination of the optimal surgical method to approach and remove the foreign body. we report a case of penetrating skull base injury caused by a nail gun in a 46-year-old man that was successfully managed by a transnasal endoscopic approach. The patient recovered completely and was discharged. To prevent complications and achieve the best outcomes in such cases, careful diagnosis and assessment are necessary.
A cutaneous representation of parotid adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified
Authors: Rudagi B. M. , Goyal Jay , Subramanian Akshaya
Published: October 2021

Cutaneous manifestations of adenocarcinoma is a very rare entity. The patient reported to our institute with a complain of swelling on right parotid region that would bleed profusely merely on palpation. The hematological values revealed very low Hemoglobin, RBC and PCV counts indicating severe hemolytic anemia. The patient had palpable lymph nodes of level I and IIA which were enlarged. The patient underwent excision of the lesion along with modified radical neck dissection and reconstruction of the skin defect using pectoralis major myocutaneous flap.
Functional and radiological outcome in surgically managed posterior wall and column fractures of acetabulum
Authors: Rao K. Nageswara , Soni Ronak Dinesh , Nagesh C. , Kumar P. A. Shravan , Kumar B. Arvind
Published: October 2021

Background: The incidence of acetabular fractures has increased following road traffic accidents. The aim of the study is to evaluate functional and radiological outcome in surgically managed posterior wall and column fractures of acetabulum.

Methods: This is a prospective study done at Nizam’s Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad between May 2018 and May 2020. The sample size is 20 patients between the age group 18-60 years who presented to the hospital with closed posterior wall and/or column fractures of acetabulum with or without posterior dislocation of hip joint. Functional outcome is assessed by using the modified Merle D’ Aubigne Postel clinical grading system, radiological outcome by Matta et al and perioperative complication are assessed by retrospectively analyzing medical records and radiographics examination.

Results: Functional outcome according to Merle D’ Aubigne and Postel score 16 patients (75%) showed good, 3 patients (20%) showed fair, 1 patient (5%) showed poor outcome. Radiological outcome according to Matta criteria, 16 patients (75%) showed excellent quality of joint reduction, 4 patients (25%) showed good quality of reduction of joint. There was significant correlation between anatomic reduction of the joint surface and functional outcome of the patient in our study (p value <0.05).

Conclusions: Accurate joint reduction is of utmost importance in reduction of posterior wall or column fractures of acetabulum as posterior wall is the weight bearing zone. Functional outcome depends on fracture type, associated injuries, selection of patient, time between injury and surgery and postoperative rehabilitation.
Surgical management of avascular necrosis of femoral head in young adults treated with uncemented total hip replacement
Authors: Reddy Vijaya Bhaskar , Chary N. Brahma , Nikitha Kacham
Published: October 2021

Background: Normal hip joint is subjected to many stresses during daily activities performed by an individual. Since it is one of the major weight bearing joints of the body, its normal function is necessary for daily activities. Avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head is one of the common causes of painful hip in a young adult. Core decompression, fibular sturt graft can be considered in early stages, total hip arthroplasty in later stages of AVN of femoral head.

Methods: This is a retrospective study of 30 patients following uncemented total hip replacement, who were operated between August 2017 and March 2020 at MNR medical college and hospital, Sangareddy. They were followed up for a minimum period of 1 year and evaluated using Harris hip scoring system. Harris hip score is designed specifically for measuring functional outcomes in hip arthroplasty.

Results: There was a significant improvement in function as measured with the Harris hip score. The overall preoperative Harris hip score was 43, which remarkably improved to 89 postoperatively. The results observed, showed that all patients had good to excellent results, (Harris hip score ≥0) thus showing a good degree of pain relief, improvement in function and range of motion.

Conclusions: Although the use of total hip arthroplasty in young patients will more likely necessitate future revision surgery, the consistent relief of pain and good functional results have made this procedure an attractive treatment choice for the debilitating arthritis resulting from osteonecrosis of the femoral head.  
Limb salvage surgery for giant cell tumours around knee joint: a single institute experience
Authors: Prabha Amritha , Shah Urvish K. , Ganesh M. S. , Seenappa Hiranya K.
Published: October 2021

Background: Giant cell tumours (GCTs) of bone are benign but locally aggressive tumours. The surgical treatment of GCTs in the around knee joint mainly includes curettage and bone grafting, extended curettage and cement filling, segmental resection and modular endo prosthesis reconstruction.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of the presentation, the functional outcome following modular endoprosthetic reconstruction, prosthetic survival and the recurrence rate in 17 patients with Campanacci grade 3 GCTs involving distal femur and proximal tibia, who underwent segmental resection and modular endoprosthesis reconstruction in a single centre from 2015 to 2018. The surgery was performed according to the general principles of limb salvage surgery and modular segmental replacement was used. All stems were cemented in place. Isometric exercises and mobilization with crutches were started on 2nd postoperative day. Knee joint bending was started for proximal tibia patients after 2 to 3 weeks. Functional outcome was scored by musculoskeletal tumour society scoring (MSTS). Immediate post-operative complication like delayed wound healing, flap necrosis, wound infection, foot drop, leg length discrepancies were evaluated.

Results: The average MSTS functional score was 78%.3 year prosthetic survival was 100%. None of the patients had recurrence. One patient had left lower lobe metastasis for which wedge resection was done.

Conclusions: Segmental resection and endoprosthetic replacement has good functional outcome in patients with tumours around the knee joint. As GCTs are tumours with less chance of local and distant metastasis after complete excision, endoprosthetic prosthesis is a good treatment option after complete excision.
Problem of Legal Inheritance of English Medieval Borough: Borough Customs about Debt Obligations
Authors: Vinokurova Marina
Published: October 2021

This article is devoted to the problem of legal inheritance of the medieval English boroughs in the field of debt obligations (their regulation by borough customs). Usually this legal regulation was linked with the process of attachment, distress and further confiscation of property in case of default of a debtor. Borough customs organized everyday life of boroughs in due way and brought to life an element of “civilized approach” in the sphere of law. They minimized behavioral anarchy when collecting debt. In spite of the fact that in some boroughs the right of collecting belonged to a creditor, who could distress his debtor right in the street, nevertheless the process of distress wasn’t marked by a total legal arbitrariness. In many cases distress was prohibited inside the house in order not to brake its private space, and a debtor usually received a summon to appear in court (sometimes it was sent thrice). Attachment and subsequent trail provided a special legal procedure and its proper order in the actions of both plaintiffs and defendants, including their behavior before the Jury. Besides, after the sale of property on the account of debt, a defendant could (and often was obliged) initiate so-called replevin, that is return to himself a part of property (or its monetary expression) which had not been sold after cash coverage of debt. He had to initiate so called affidation (appeal to bailiffs through the court). At the service of the persons connected with debt obligations was also a custom of withernam, which provided a collective responsibility of borough community for financial “costs” of its members.
Law and Its Use Among North Germanic Tribes: Frankish “Periphery” or Independent “Centres”?
Authors: Zemlyakov Mikhail
Published: October 2021

The article deals with several law codes of the early Middle Ages, namely the Law of Frisians, the Law of Saxons and the Law of Thuringians. The article basing on these juridical texts illustrates, that despite of the military pressure and the violent christianization of the Frankish conquerors in the 6th — 9th centuries in the Rhine bassin, tribal laws fixed in the reign of Charlemagne (768—814) continued to rely on the North Germanic languages, traditions of trial, social ranks and system of punishments. At the same time, the paper contains an analysis of the Frankish impact on the legal space and trial of the North Germans as well as of the direct and indirect influence of the South Germans (Allemanni, Bavarians), of the Langobards and of the Anglo-Saxons.