bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Elaboração de um material educativo para subsidiar a prática de professores de educação física no trabalho com alunos com perda auditiva
Authors: Romera Luciano Coelho , Delgado-Pinheiro Eliane Maria Carrit , Santos Flávia Rodrigues dos , Pinheiro Osni Lázaro
Published: February 2021

No contexto educacional evidencia-se a necessidade de materiais educativos sobre a temática da perda auditiva que auxiliem professores de educação física em sua prática. O objetivo deste estudo foi elaborar e validar um material educativo para subsidiar a prática de professores de educação física nas atividades com alunos com perda auditiva. Foi construído um instrumento contendo assertivas sobre temas que poderiam ser abordados no material educativo. As assertivas foram acompanhadas por escala Likert. O item foi validado quando atingiu índice de concordância de 80%. Os temas foram avaliados por juízes especialistas, das áreas de Fonoaudiologia (n=4), Pedagogia (n=2) e Educação Física (n=2).  Posteriormente foi elaborada uma versão preliminar do material validada pelos mesmos juízes e mais dois professores de educação física com experiência com alunos com perda auditiva. Nesta etapa a validação abordou aspectos do conteúdo, linguagem, ilustrações, layout, motivação e cultura, que deveriam atingir o índice de concordância de 80%. Dentre os dez temas propostos, nove foram considerados pertinentes. O item não validado referia-se ao uso de figuras com a Língua Brasileira de Sinais. Na segunda etapa do estudo, os únicos itens que não atingiram o índice de concordância mínimo referiam-se ao layout. As sugestões dos juízes relacionavam-se ao tamanho da letra e cores de fundo de algumas ilustrações. Foram realizadas as adequações sugeridas pelos juízes. O delineamento utilizado nesta pesquisa permitiu elaborar um material educativo validado com critérios metodológicos, contendo informações objetivas e ilustrações que poderão subsidiar professores de educação física na atuação com alunos com perda auditiva.
Observação de pareamento de estímulos e instrução com múltiplos exemplares: efeitos sobre respostas de ouvinte e falante de crianças com TEA
Authors: Santos Edson Luiz Nascimento dos , Trindade Eduardo Nascimento , Souza Carlos Barbosa Alves de
Published: February 2021

Dois procedimentos têm sido propostos como alternativas para induzir repertórios não ensinados diretamente: 1) instrução com múltiplos exemplares (MEI); e 2) observação de pareamento de estímulos (SPOP). O MEI implica a rotação do ensino de diferentes respostas a um estímulo (ex. tato e resposta de ouvinte), o que favorece a aprendizagem incidental dessas respostas para novos estímulos a partir do ensino de apenas um dos tipos. No SPOP é exigida apenas a observação de estímulos apresentados contíguos, sem reforçamento diferencial para qualquer resposta. Os resultados de alguns estudos sugerem que uma maior frequência de pareamentos poderia levar a emergência de respostas de tato e ouvinte não ensinadas diretamente e que o pareamento de estímulos pode afetar o procedimento de MEI. O presente estudo avaliou o efeito de SPOP com uma frequência maior de pareamentos por tentativas sobre a emergência de respostas de tato e ouvinte em três crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista, e o efeito do SPOP no ensino dessas respostas por meio de MEI. Para dois participantes, o SPOP com mais pareamentos a cada tentativa favoreceu a emergência do repertório de ouvinte. Estes participantes somente aprenderam respostas de tato após o MEI. O SPOP teve um efeito facilitador no treino de MEI. Discute-se o papel do MEI e de treino de tato intensivo na emergência de repertórios de tato e ouvinte, assim como os tipos de controle de estímulo que o SPOP parece favorecer, e a possibilidade de investigar o SPOP em ambientes menos estruturados.
Vivências de cuidadores ante o processo de adoecimento por câncer de seu familiar
Authors: Mello Jonata De , Oliveira Dionatan Almeida de , Hildebrandt Leila Mariza , Jantsch Leonardo Bigolin , Begnini Danusa , Leite Marinês Tambara
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: compreender as vivências de cuidadores familiares de pessoas com câncer durante o processo de adoecimento. Método: estudo qualitativo, descritivo, realizado em um município do Noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul, com nove cuidadores familiares de pessoas com câncer. Os dados produzidos mediante entrevistas semiestruturadas foram submetidos à análise temática, originando três temas. Os dados foram coletados entre fevereiro e junho de 2019. Resultados: após o adoecimento por câncer de um membro da família fez-se necessário eleger um cuidador principal, designado pelos demais familiares, pelo doente ou por desejo do próprio cuidador. Houve mudanças na dinâmica cotidiana do cuidador familiar, evidenciadas pelo abandono do emprego e de seus afazeres da vida pessoal, acarretando sobrecargas. Identificaram-se diversas condições vivenciadas pelos cuidadores familiares: medo, desespero, choro, impotência, preocupação e sintomas depressivos. Conclusão: cuidar de um familiar com câncer modifica o cotidiano do cuidador e tem potencial para alterar a estrutura familiar.
Conhecimento e atitudes de profissionais de enfermagem sobre higiene bucal em pacientes críticos
Authors: Felix Adriana Maria da Silva , Amaral Isabela Di Tilia Alves do , Souza Regina Claudia Silva de , Soares Rosemeire Ângela de Queiroz
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: comparar conhecimentos e atitudes dos profissionais de enfermagem atuantes em hospital público e privado sobre higiene bucal em pacientes críticos. Método: estudo transversal, realizado em duas Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Adulto, uma pública e outra privada no período entre dezembro de 2018 e janeiro de 2019 por meio de um questionário estruturado e autoaplicável. Resultados: a taxa de conhecimento dos profissionais do hospital público foi de 76,6% e a atitude foi de 62,7%, enquanto no hospital privado essas taxas foram de 81,8% e 67,1%, respectivamente. Houve diferença significativa quanto à existência de protocolo (p 0,006), participação em treinamento (p 0,004), uso de escova de dentes com cerdas macias e sucção (p 0,001) no hospital privado. Conclusão: o nível de conhecimento foi mais elevado e as atitudes sobre higiene bucal foram mais positivas entre os profissionais de enfermagem do hospital privado em comparação com os profissionais do hospital público.
SISTEMÁTICA LEGAL Y EL BIEN JURÍDICO PROTEGIDO EN EL DELITO DE AMENAZAS
Authors: Posada Pérez José Antonio
Published: February 2021

Este artículo analiza los diferentes delitos de amenazas contenidos en el Código Penal español. El objetivo de este documento es motivar la producción de estudios científicos sobre este particular tema teniendo en cuenta que no se ha presentado ningún resumen o actualización relevante de los aspectos más importantes de estos delitos durante casi una década. La investigación incluye una referencia al desarrollo histórico de las figuras más un estudio detenido de los delitos de amenazas en la legislación española en vigor. A la hora de interpretar el Código Penal actual, se tienen en cuenta todos los aspectos de cada delito para dilucidar la razón de la prohibición. Además, se hace referencia a la discusión sobre el bien jurídico protegido penalmente con un especial interés.

This article analyzes the several crimes of threat contained within the Spanish Criminal Code. The aim of this report is to motivate the production of scientific studies surrounding this particular issue; considering that a relevant resumé or actualization of the most important aspects of these crimes hasn’t been presented for almost a decade. The research includes a reference to the historical development of the offences plus a scanned study of the Spanish law in force regarding crimes of threat.  When interpreting the current Criminal Code, every aspect of each crime is considered in order to elucidate the reason of the prohibition. Moreover, there is a special interest in arguing the object of criminal protection.
Effect of environmental, economic and health factors on CoVid-19 transmission
Authors:   National Center in Big Data & Cloud Computing, NED University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi, Pakistan, Ahmed Shar Nisar
Published: February 2021

The severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is affected by meteorological parameters such as temperature and humidity. It is also observed that people having asthma are at risk for SARS. Therefore, it is of interest to report the effect of environmental, economic, and health factors on the spread of CoVid-19. We used data reporting CoVid-19 cases from 24 cities in eight different countries for this analysis. Data was analyzed using multiple linear regressions between these parameters. Data shows that temperature has effects on CoVid-19. A one-degree rise in temperature causes a -0.19 decrease in CoVid-19 cases per million people (log natural value per million populations). The effect of humidity is not significant at a p value of 0.26. Moreover, one-unit increase in asthma and GDP cases per million people show 0.06 and 0.46 increases in CoVid-19 cases, respectively.
Computer aided pharmacokinetic profiling and toxicity analysis of naphthalene
Authors:   Research Fellow, Department of Anatomy, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, SRIHER-DU, Porur, Chennai-116, Tamil Nadu, India, Bala Ganesh KSV Angu
Published: February 2021

Naphthalene is an aromatic hydrocarbon used as room freshner. Therefore, it is of interest to document the computer aided pharmacokinetic profiling and toxicity analysis data of naphthalene.
Insights from the cDNA and EST analysis of Antrodia cinnamomea
Authors:   National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology, Fujian Agriculture and orestry University, Fujian, Fuzhou 350002, PR China, Lin Zhanxi
Published: February 2021

It is of interest to document the insights gleaned from the cDNA and EST analysis of Antrodia cinnamomea (a fungal species). Hence a library of sequences was constructed and analysed using standard procedures to gain new insights. Therefore, 65 ESTs, with size ranging from 300-2000 bp, were constructed. This included 46 ESTs with definite annotation, 18 ESTs were hypothetical and 1 new protein derived from BLAST analysis. We assigned 227 Gene Ontology terms linked to cell composition, transport, catalytic activity, and regulation functions in these sequences. Moreover, 56 matching genes were found in 8 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways. Data also showed 271 SSRs from Antrodia cinnamomea ESTs with an occurrence frequency of 96.82%. The STRING data analysis showed 29 genes encoded enzymes highly involved in protein-to-protein interactions linked to expression of regulation function. Thus, we documented some insights from the cDNA and EST analysis of Antrodia cinnamomea for further data mining.
Whole Genomic analysis of a clinical isolate of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli strain of Sequence Type - 101 carrying the drug resistance NDM-7 in IncX3 plasmid
Authors:   Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625021, Tamil Nadu, India, Santhanam Amutha
Published: February 2021

The emerging NDM-producing Enterobactereciae is a major threat to public health. The association of NDM-7 with sequence type 101 E. coli is identified in very few numbers. Therefore, it is of interest to analyse the whole genome sequence of NDM-producing uropathogenic E. coli XA31 that was found to carry numerous drug resistance genes of different antibiotic classes. The isolate E. coli belongs to ST-101 carrying blaNDM-7 coexisting with several resistance genes blaOXA-1, blaTEM1-A, blaCTX-M15, aac(6')-Ib-cr, catB3, tetB. Resfinder predicts this and four other plasmid replicons were identified using the Plasfinder in the CGE platform. The high transferable IncX3 plasmid was found to carry the NDM-7 gene. Thus, we the report the combination of NDM-7-ST101-IncX3 in India. The combination of this epidemic clone with NDM-7 is highly required to develop an effective infection control strategy.
Evaluation of change in implant abutment after teeth surface modifications
Authors:   MDS, Consultant periodontist, Patna, Bihar, India, Mishra Khushbu
Published: February 2021

The surface modifications in teeth increase the retentive strength of cemented castings by providing micro as well as macro retentive ridge and groove patterns. Restoring the dental implants with cement-retained prosthesis is well known. Therefore, it is of interest to compare retentive property of implant abutments with and without circumferential grooves. Hence, 20 straight shoulder type titanium abutments were with abutment screws as well as prefabricated plastic copings and corresponding 12 mm-long stainless steel laboratory implant analogs were used. The abutments were divided into two subgroups of 10 abutments each: without grooves and with grooves. After thermocycling and storing the cemented abutments in water at 37°C water for 6 days they were assembled in the Universal testing machine and subjected to a pullout test (retention) at a crosshead speed of 5.0mm/min to record forces in Newton. Data suggest that the addition of grooves increased the retention. The mean retentive forces of standard machined abutments (plain) cemented with Resin modified GIC showed 339.34 N. Retention increased by 667.39N after addition of circumferential grooves. The surface modification of an implant abutment by means of circumferential grooves is an effective method of improving the retention of cast crowns cemented with resin modified GIC especially in short abutments.
Molecular docking analysis of SARS-CoV-2 linked RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) with compounds from Plectranthus amboinicus
Authors:   Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai - 600 077, India, Selvaraj Jayaraman
Published: February 2021

It is of interest to document the moelcular docking analysis of SARS-CoV-2 linked RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) with compounds from Plectranthus amboinicus. Hence, we report the binding features of rutin, Luteolin, Salvianolic acid A, Rosmarinic acid and p-Coumaric acid with the target protein SARS-CoV-2 linked RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) for further consideration.
Fucoxanthin induced apoptotic cell death in oral squamous carcinoma (KB) cells
Authors:   Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, School of Bioscience, Mahsa University, Saujana Putra Campus, Jalan SP2, Bandar Saujana Putra, 42610, Jenjarom, Selangor, Malaysia, Iyappan Petchi
Published: February 2021

Fucoxanthin (Fx) is an active compound commonly found in the many types of seaweed with numerous biological activities. The main goal of this investigation is to explore the effect of Fx against the cell proliferation, apoptotic induction and oxidative stress in the oral squamous (KB) cell line. Cytotoxicity of Fx was determined by MTT assay. The intracellular ROS production, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and apoptosis induction in KB cells were examined through DCFH-DA, Rhodamine-123 and DAPI, and dual staining techniques. Effect of Fx on the antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation in the KB cells was studied through the standard procedures. Fx treated KB cells showed morphological changes and reduced cell survival, which is exhibited by the cytotoxic activity of 50 μM/ml (IC50) Fx against the KB cells. The Fx treatment considerably induced the apoptotosis cells (EB/AO) and decreased the MMP (Rh-123) in KB cells. Further, it was pointed out that there was an increased lipid peroxidation (LPO) with decreased antioxidants (CAT, SOD and GSH). These results concluded that Fx has the cytotoxic effect against KB cells and has the potential to induce the apoptosis via increased oxidative stress. Hence, the Fx can be a promising agent for the treatment of oral cancer and it may lead to the development of cancer therapeutics.
Molecular docking of alkaloid compounds with the matrix metalloproteinase 2
Authors:   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Ragas Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai, India, Fathima JH Shazia
Published: February 2021

Matrix metalloproteinase protein-2 (MMP-2) is linked to the human oral squamous cell carcinoma. Therefore, it is of interest to design new inhibitors for MMP-2 to combat the disease. Thus, we document the molecular docking features of Aristolochic acid, Cryptopleurine, Epipodophyllotoxin, and Fagaronine with MMP-2 for further consideration.
Molecular docking analysis of stevioside with AKT and PPARγ
Authors:   Department of Anatomy, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Nagar, Chennai-602105, India, Deenadayalan Abilasha
Published: February 2021

Stevioside is a diterpenoid glycoside consisting of an aglycone (steviol) and three glucose molecules. It is commonly used as an anti-hyperglycemic food because of its non-caloric property. Therefore, it is of interest to document the interactions of stevioside with AKT & PPAR-γ proteins using Autodock Vina PyRx docking techniques. Results of the docking studies indicate that stevioside had more than two hydrogen bond interactions with the AKT and PPAR γ protein for further consideration.
Research Data Framework (RDaF) :
Authors: Hanisch Robert J , Kaiser Debra L , Carroll Bonnie C
Published: February 2021

NIST is leading the development of the Research Data Framework (RDaF) with involvement and input from national and international leaders in the broad research data stakeholder community. Research data is defined here as the recorded factual material commonly accepted in the scientific community as necessary to validate research findings. The overarching goal of the RDaF is to provide the stakeholder community with a structured approach to develop a customizable strategy for the management of research data. The audience for the RDaF is the entire research data community, including all organizations and individuals engaged in any activities concerned with research data management, from Chief Executive Officers and Chief Data Officers to librarians and researchers. This document describes the motivation for, and the development of, a Preliminary Framework Core, and identifies the next steps in further development of the RDaF. The research data environment is rapidly changing, and this Framework shall remain a living document. Revisions will be made as we, the stakeholders of the RDaF, gain experience with its application and use.
Wrażliwość rynku akcji na publikacje danych rynkowych w czasie pandemii COVID-19
Authors:   Faculty of Management, University of Warsaw, Chodnicka-Jaworska Patrycja , Jaworski Piotr ,   Faculty of Management, University of Warsaw
Published: February 2021

Rok 2020 jest nietypowym rokiem dla rynku finansowego. Upłynął on pod hasłem pandemii COVID-19, która spowodowała globalne zakłócenia społeczne i gospodarcze, w tym największą światową recesję od czasów wielkiego kryzysu. Jednym z rynków, który w sposób znaczący odnotował wpływ pandemii COVID-19 był rynek akcji. W związku z tym, w oparciu o teorię finansów behawioralnych, postanowiono przeprowadzić badania zachowania rynku akcji w dobie pandemii. Monografia jest kolejną publikacją z cyklu Nowa Polityka Strukturalna.
Le rôle des acteurs politiques dans la mise en sens de l’action publique : le cas du transport urbain à Québec
Authors: Belley Serge , Tremblay-Racicot Fanny , Quesnel Louise
Published: February 2021

La production des politiques publiques implique un nombre varié d’acteurs et donne souvent lieu à des débats polémiques à forte teneur idéologique. À Québec, les débats récents entourant les problèmes de congestion routière, lesquels ont été au centre de la campagne électorale municipale de novembre 2017, ont mis en lumière deux conceptions opposées du transport urbain : le renforcement des transports collectifs par l’implantation d’un tramway, et l’augmentation de la capacité routière par la construction d’un troisième lien routier interrives. Notre analyse montre que les stratégies discursives et argumentatives des acteurs politiques locaux pour impulser et faire triompher leurs solutions opèrent d’autant plus efficacement que ces derniers savent identifier l’ouverture d’une « fenêtre politique » favorable, mobiliser divers types d’appuis et proposer un assemblage entre un problème et une solution qui fasse sens dans un contexte institutionnel, sociopolitique et économique, à la fois habilitant, contraignant et changeant.
La Convention sur la diversité des expressions culturelles quinze ans après : une mise en oeuvre effective d’un instrument juridique faiblement contraignant
Authors: Varin Clémence , Guèvremont Véronique
Published: February 2021

La Convention sur la protection et la promotion de la diversité des expressions culturelles (Convention de 2005) est adoptée par la Conférence générale de l’UNESCO à Paris le 20 octobre 2005. Les objectifs que se fixent les Parties incluent la reconnaissance de la nature spécifique – économique et culturelle – des activités, biens et services culturels, la réaffirmation de leur droit souverain d’adopter et de mettre en oeuvre les politiques et mesures qu’elles jugent appropriées pour la protection et la promotion de la diversité des expressions culturelles, ainsi que le renforcement de la coopération internationale afin de parvenir à des échanges culturels plus équilibrés. Attendue comme une réponse à l’échec de l’exception culturelle survenu dans les années 90, la Convention de 2005 est cependant critiquée au lendemain de son adoption en raison de son faible niveau de contrainte. Or, quinze ans plus tard, un examen de la pratique des Parties permet de dresser un bilan positif de la mise en oeuvre de ce traité dont les engagements outrepassent largement le cadre de la relation entre le commerce et la culture. Les données recueillies grâce à la performance des mécanismes de suivi démontrent en effet que les Parties s’appuient abondamment sur la Convention de 2005 pour mener diverses initiatives en vue d’atteindre les objectifs de ce traité. Ces actions, qui traduisent des changements opérés par les États sur leur propre territoire ou dans les relations qu’ils entretiennent entre eux, sont le reflet de l’effectivité de cet instrument juridique pourtant faiblement contraignant.
The Extent to Amount ISIL Acts Against Iraqi Minorities to Genocide
Authors: Husein Kokha Ayad Yasin
Published: February 2021

This paper explores the status of Iraq’s most vulnerable people, who have been disproportionately affected by gross human rights violations, and the applicability of the offence of genocide to such violations following the deterioration of the security situation within Iraqi territories under the control of so-called Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL). The paper examines the legal concepts of “genocide” and “minority” at the international and internal levels. It identifies heinous acts committed against Iraqi minorities, characterizes the extent to which such acts can be categorized as genocide, and explores the applicable provisions of international criminal law (ICL). The paper employs an analytical-empirical methodology, for it explains the legal texts, accompanied with case law, and compares them with the on-ground status, in addition to data gathering. In terms of the legal context, the paper looks specifically at ICL; in terms of subject, it is restricted to the large-scale killings and other heinous acts perpetrated by ISIL against certain Iraqi minorities, particularly Yazidis, Christians, Turkmans, Kakayis, and Shabaks, that may amount to genocide or other international crimes such as crimes against humanity or war crimes. It is also restricted geographically and chronologically, to certain northern and central areas of Iraq during the period of armed conflict (2014 to 2017) between the Iraqi and Kurdistani governments on the one hand, and ISIL on the other. The main objective of this paper is to study the situation of Iraqi minorities and to monitor grave violations of their rights, specifically regarding the crime of genocide, in order to identify the best legal and judicial measures for intensifying internal and international cooperation in regard to prosecuting perpetrators, implementing the rules of ICL effectively, and eventually protecting these defenceless minorities by avoiding the future recurrence of such crimes.
Animación: un panorama internacional
Authors: Sánchez-Navarro Jordi
Published: February 2021

El anuncio de las nominaciones a los premios de la Academia de Hollywood —conocidos como Óscar— a las películas de animación ha producido a quien firma estas líneas la grata sorpresa de ver entre los títulos seleccionados a Song of the Sea, la película que ganó la última edición de AnimaFICX, la sección del festival de Gijón en la cual tuve el honor de ser jurado. Con el permiso de los lectores de COMeIN, aprovecho la noticia de las nominaciones para poner negro sobre blanco algunas reflexiones sobre el panorama internacional de la animación —dejando el panorama doméstico para un futuro artículo—.
Big data: uso estratégico y límites metodológicos
Authors: Cavaller Víctor
Published: February 2021

Siguiendo el marco de ideas desarrolladas en torno a la "Measurement Week" organizada por la International Association for Measurement and Evaluation of Communication (AMEC) del 15 al 19 de septiembre, este artículo incide de la mano de uno de los participantes destacados, Jesús Bélmez (Insight Manager de ACCESO), en el fenómeno del big data como fuente de información estratégica, y se centra en su valor de uso estratégico y en sus límites metodológicos.
El paréntesis de Gutenberg
Authors: Sivera Sílvia
Published: February 2021

El paréntesis de Semana Santa permite disfrutar de una procesión de lecturas pendientes y reencontrar a autores que a menudo profesan la provocación como liturgia intelectual. Es el caso del libro que titula este artículo y que el filósofo Alejandro Piscitelli subtitula oportunamente como la religión digital en la era de las pantallas ubicuas. El autor se une a aquellos que piensan que los quinientos años transcurridos desde la primera Biblia de Gutenberg son un mero paréntesis entre el mundo oral de la larga historia previa al invento de la imprenta y la oralidad secundaria que implica Internet.
Perdidos entre la multitud: diez ideas clave sobre el crowdsourcing
Authors: Roig Antoni
Published: February 2021

Crowdsourcing es un término que durante los últimos años se ha popularizado para hacer referencia, de manera bastante ambigua, a formas de colaboración entre dos tipos de agentes: por un lado, los que proponen una idea o plantean un problema; por el otro, público -potencialmente numeroso- atraído y dispuesto a invertir tiempo, talento y dinero en el reto. En el ámbito cultural, el crowdsourcing ha inspirado proyectos atractivos e innovadores con algunos casos de éxito, pero también frustraciones y fracasos. A raíz de mi colaboración en una semana temática sobre crowdsourcing, trataré de apuntar algunas reflexiones sobre los retos que supone perdernos entre la multitud.
El 28 de mayo, clausura de #UOC15infocom
Authors: Soler Raúl
Published: February 2021

El próximo 28 de mayo tendrá lugar en la sede institucional de la UOC (Av. Tibidabo, 39-43 de Barcelona) el acto de clausura del 15º aniversario de los Estudios de Ciencias de la Información y de la Comunicación de nuestra universidad. Esta fiesta final cerrará un curso académico durante el cual se han realizado diversos actos conmemorativos y un concurso de fotografía y vídeo.
Indicadores de la calidad democrática
Authors: Garcia Alsina Montserrat
Published: February 2021

En las últimas semanas la transparencia y la corrupción parecen estar en el centro de las campañas electorales e incluso ser moneda de cambio para pactar investiduras. Parece que el número de corruptos sea el único indicador de la calidad democrática de un partido y de un gobierno, y por ende, de la salud de un país. Aun así, la transparencia se entiende si incluimos otros aspectos que facilitan el buen gobierno, el acceso a la información pública y el gobierno abierto. Por lo tanto, otros indicadores informan de la calidad democrática de los gobiernos. ¿Cuáles son? ¿Cómo se evalúa la transparencia y la salud de la democracia?
Elsevier Publishing Campus: a free online training platform
Authors: Cavaller Víctor
Published: February 2021

El pasado 24 de abril Elsevier, la mayor editorial de libros de medicina y literatura científica del mundo, anunció el lanzamiento de la plataforma Elsevier Publishing Campus, definida como una free online training platform for researchers. La plataforma incluye un gran número de recursos diseñados para dar apoyo formativo y de asesoramiento a la comunidad científica.
LOPSC y el debate sobre la mordaza legal al ejercicio de derechos fundamentales
Authors: Martínez Martínez silvia
Published: February 2021

El 1 de julio entra en vigor la nueva Ley Orgánica de Protección de la Seguridad Ciudadana (LOPSC). La redacción, defensa y aprobación de esta norma ha suscitado un intenso debate y una oleada de críticas entre los que la consideran una mordaza legal que limita derechos fundamentales de los ciudadanos reconocidos en la Constitución. Entre los aspectos más conflictivos y que han suscitado alarma entre entidades nacionales e internacionales, expertos y profesionales, se encuentran algunas infracciones que hacen referencia a la celebración de manifestaciones y al uso de ciertas imágenes y que, por tanto, impactan sobre el ejercicio de la libertad de información, expresión y reunión.
El señor ministro de asuntos fan: entrevista a Marcos Muñoz (I)
Authors: Sánchez-Navarro Jordi
Published: February 2021

El Ministerio del Tiempo, la serie creada por Pablo y Javier Olivares que mezcla historia de España, fantasía y aventuras temporales, es uno de los fenómenos más interesantes de la historia reciente de la ficción televisiva en España. Más allá de sus resultados de audiencia, se ha extendido entre aficionados y estudiosos la idea de que por fin la industria televisiva española cuenta con un producto equiparable a las grandes series de culto de la televisión internacional. El fenómeno proporciona muchos elementos para la discusión y uno de los más interesantes es la comunidad fan que ha generado.
¿Se está acabando el negocio publicitario digital?
Authors: Montaña Blasco Mireia
Published: February 2021

El próximo mes de mayo se empezará a aplicar el nuevo Reglamento General de Protección de Datos (RGPD) que sustituye la actual Ley Orgánica de Protección de Datos (LOPD). Esta nueva legislación europea, aprobada en 2016, pretende proteger mejor la privacidad de los consumidores y ganarse su confianza en el entorno digital.
La fascinazione esotica nei colori della moda
Authors: Arcangeli Massimo
Published: February 2021

The article provides, through a rich exemplification, an illustration of the cromonymic richness of the Italian language, with particular reference to some of the main realia involved in the colours naming: from animals to the natural environment, from plants to fruits, from cosmetics to textiles, from precious stones to the widest variety of objects. The attention is then focused, in particular, on the vocabulary of fashion (observed on a textual sample drawn from the magazine Vogue), that in Italian as well as in other languages documents an interesting general symptomatology of the perceptual spectrum and the colours psychosensory representation, for its tonality, brightness and purity, which involves innumerable nuances.
Composti italiani “di moda”
Authors: Catricala' Maria
Published: February 2021

In this article a series of Italian Fashion Language compounds is analyzed at the light of the cognitive perspective and the semantic value. The count of the compounds (present in the journalistic corpus FLaSC1 and collected into the most known fashion dictionaries) is the first problematic point presented here, because the bounds of the class can change in a relevant way on the base of the definition of the term ‘compound’, the exclusion/inclusion of the foreign elements, the possible presence of hybrid units that cannot be defined words, but are used as word (e.g. pseudo-prefixes, it. prefissoidi). The second focus is the classification of the different kinds of compounds and a presentation of two subcategory (simultaneous vs. sequential), that is useful for explaining the semantic differences between similar models and formats. Third, but not least, we show that the conceptual map, emerging by the Italian compounds, profiles an idea of garments and accessories very complex and inter-culturally and inter-linguistically marked.
Graphical-model framework for automated annotation of cell identities in dense cellular images
Authors: Chaudhary Shivesh , Lee Sol Ah , Li Yueyi , Patel Dhaval S , Lu Hang
Published: February 2021

Although identifying cell names in dense image stacks is critical in analyzing functional whole-brain data enabling comparison across experiments, unbiased identification is very difficult, and relies heavily on researchers’ experiences. Here, we present a probabilistic-graphical-model framework, CRF_ID, based on Conditional Random Fields, for unbiased and automated cell identification. CRF_ID focuses on maximizing intrinsic similarity between shapes. Compared to existing methods, CRF_ID achieves higher accuracy on simulated and ground-truth experimental datasets, and better robustness against challenging noise conditions common in experimental data. CRF_ID can further boost accuracy by building atlases from annotated data in highly computationally efficient manner, and by easily adding new features (e.g. from new strains). We demonstrate cell annotation in Caenorhabditis elegans images across strains, animal orientations, and tasks including gene-expression localization, multi-cellular and whole-brain functional imaging experiments. Together, these successes demonstrate that unbiased cell annotation can facilitate biological discovery, and this approach may be valuable to annotation tasks for other systems.
Three-dimensional reconstruction of a whole insect reveals its phloem sap-sucking mechanism at nano-resolution
Authors: Wang Xin-Qiu , Guo Jian-sheng , Li Dan-Ting , Yu Yang , Hagoort Jaco , Moussian Bernard , Zhang Chuan-Xi
Published: February 2021

Using serial block-face scanning electron microscopy, we report on the internal 3D structures of the brown planthopper,Nilaparvata lugens(Hemiptera: Delphacidae) at nanometer resolution for the first time. Within the reconstructed organs and tissues, we found many novel and fascinating internal structures in the planthopper such as naturally occurring three four-way rings connecting adjacent spiracles to facilitate efficient gas exchange, and fungal endosymbionts in a single huge insect cell occupying 22% of the abdomen volume to enable the insect to live on plant sap. To understand the muscle and stylet movement during phloem sap-sucking, the cephalic skeleton and muscles were reconstructed in feeding nymphs. The results revealed an unexpected contraction of the protractors of the stylets and suggested a novel feeding model for the phloem sap-sucking.
Contribution of cyanobacteria to phytoplankton biomass in San Quintin/Reply
Authors: Millan-Núñez Roberto
Published: February 2021

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Comparison of Fatty Meal, Drotaverine and Hyoscine for Duodenal Anti-motility and Cannulation During ERCP- A Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Kumaran S Vadivel , Amarnath Rajesh Nanda , Ali Mohammed , Pugazhendhi T
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a technically demanding procedure that requires considerable amount of training to be performed safely. Successful cannulation of the ducts depends on the expertise of the endoscopist. Conventionally, cannulation is facilitated with the help of smooth muscle relaxants like Hyoscine-N-butyl bromide or Drotaverine which impair duodenal contractions and facilitate sphincter of oddi relaxation. Aim: To compare the effect of Fatty meal versus Drotaverine hydrochloride versus Hyoscine-N-butyl bromide on duodenal contraction rate, ease of identification of the papillary orifice, time for cannulation, and adverse effects of agents used on haemodynamic parameters. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted at Madras Medical College and Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital, Chennai,Tamil Nadu, India, where 60 patients admitted for ERCP with normal appearing ampulla, were taken-up for the study. Patients were subjected randomly into the three groups viz., Hyoscine group, Drotaverine group and Fatty meal group. In Fatty meal group, 200 mL of semi skimmed milk (1.7% fat) was given orally one hour prior to the procedure to allow for gastric emptying. A 20 mg of intravenous Hyoscine-N-butyl bromide and 40 mg of intravenous Drotaverine hydrochloride were administered 15 minutes before procedure in Hyoscine and Drotaverine group, respectively. Statistical analysis was done by Chi-square test and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test and using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 16.0 version software. A p-value <0.05 was considered significant. Results: The difference in duodenal motility, cannulation time and success of the procedure did not show a statistically significant p-value between the three groups. The identification of ampulla was easy with the fatty meal group. The statistical analysis for intraprocedural change in pulse rate and Blood Pressure (BP) variation showed a significant p-value for Hyoscine group compared to the other two groups. The change in pulse rate for Hyoscine vs. Drotaverine vs. Fatty meal group during the procedure was 51.5±12.8 vs. 24.2±8.4 vs. 24.4±8.8 per minute, respectively. The variation in BP during the procedure was 18.3/15.7±7.7/9.0 mmHg vs. 9.0/8.7±5.7/5.6 mmHg vs. 10.4/8.6±4.6/3.3 mmHg for Hyoscine vs. Drotaverine vs. Fatty meal group respectively. Conclusion: Fatty meal is not inferior to the conventionally used Hyoscine-N-butyl bromide or Drotaverine for its anti-motility effect on the duodenum during ERCP. The cannulation time is no different within the groups. Fatty meal, the action of which is physiological may be used as a suitable alternative to antispasmodic pharmacological agents which have potential adverse effects.
Clinical and Radiological Profile of Trigeminal Neuralgia- A Retrospective Study
Authors: Thomas Roy
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Trigeminal neuralgia is described as severe, stabbing unilateral pain along the distribution of trigeminal nerve branches. The three subtypes include- Classical, secondary and idiopathic. Aim: To study the clinical profile, presentation and radiological imaging features in trigeminal neuralgia patients. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included outpatient medical records of 60 trigeminal neuralgia patients between June 2015 to June 2020 (five years) in a Tertiary care Medical College Hospital. Various parameters studied were: (a) Age; (b) Gender; (c) Dental treatment; (d) Pain severity; (e) Trigger factors; (f) Side and branch involved; (g) Sensory abnormalities; (h) MRI. Data was entered in Microsoft excel and analysed using SPSS statistical software 20.0. Chi-square test was used for categorical variables. Results: Among the 60 patients studied, the common demographic and clinical features were as follows: 34 were females (56.7%); 36 with right side presentation (60%); 25 had maxillary nerve division distribution (41.7%); 57 patients experienced shock/lancinating pain (95%); and 40 had numeric pain severity scale of 4-6 (66.7%). Classical Trigeminal Neuralgia was the most common subtype seen in 31 patients (51.7%). Involvement of dual divisions (maxillary and mandibular), absence of trigger factors and presence of hypoesthesia were more suggestive of Secondary Trigeminal Neuralgia (p<0.05). Based on MRI imaging, 31 (51.7%) showed neurovascular compression with atrophy or displacement of trigeminal nerve root. Only 5 (8.4%) had secondary causes (schwannoma, meningioma, demyelination, infarct). Conclusion: The key clinical features of trigeminal neuralgia include female preponderance, right side presentation, maxillary nerve division distribution, shock/lancinating pain with touch and breeze as common trigger factors. As some of them had a previous dental treatment or procedure, dentists need to be aware of this entity. Certain clinical features would help to differentiate the secondary from classic and idiopathic neuralgia subtype.
Sequentially Targeting Cancer‐Associated Fibroblast and Mitochondria Alleviates Tumor Hypoxia and Inhibits Cancer Metastasis by Preventing “Soil” Formation and “Seed” Dissemination
Authors: Yi Xiaoli , Yan Yue , Li Lian , Li Qiuyi , Xiang Yucheng , Huang Yuan
Published: February 2021

Tumor metastasis is facilitated by the formation of the premetastatic niche (PMN) in destination organs and the dissemination of cancer cells detached from a primary tumor. This study reports a sequential combination strategy that exerts a profound anti‐metastasis effect by inhibiting both PMN formation and cancer cell dissemination. The approach consists of (1) cancer‐associated fibroblast cells (CAFs)‐targeting liposome and (2) mitochondria‐targeting polymer. The liposome depletes CAFs and reduces tumor stroma, leading to a significant increase in intratumoral oxygen perfusion. The polymer disrupts mitochondria aerobic respiration in cancer cells, leading to a considerable decrease in intratumoral oxygen consumption. With the complementary mechanisms, their combination drastically alleviates the hypoxia in orthotopic breast tumor and inhibits the pulmonary PMN formation by downregulating various hypoxia‐induced PMN‐fostering factors. In addition, the CAFs depletion by the liposome abrogates the metastasis‐promoting crosstalk with cancer cells; meanwhile, mitochondria dysfunction by the polymer cuts off the energy supply that supports metastasis, together resulting in an efficient suppression of cancer cell dissemination. With the two‐pronged strategy targeting these two aspects, the primary tumor is prominently inhibited, and distant metastasis is completely eradicated. This study provides a generalizable approach of sequential CAFs depletion and mitochondria disruption to combat metastatic tumors.
Bioswitchable Antibacterial Coatings Enable Self‐Sterilization of Implantable Healthcare Dressings
Authors: Wang Anzhi , Duan Shun , Ding Xuejia , Zhao Nana , Hu Yang , Ding Xiaokang , Xu Fu‐Jian
Published: February 2021

Healthcare‐acquired bacterial infections are a threat to public health. Therefore, development of self‐sterilizing implantable dressing materials is in increasing demand. Herein, a series of quaternized triblock copolymers, namely, QP‐b‐PCL‐b‐QPs, are synthesized and self‐assembled into reverse micelles (RMs) in tetrahydrofuran. The RMs contain biocompatible poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL) blocks in the shell to render biosafety and responsiveness, and biocidal quaternary blocks in the core to render antibacterial activity. In the presence of bacterial lipase, the biodegradable PCL blocks are hydrolyzed, resulting in the responsive release of quaternary biocidal agents (QBAs) to enable self‐sterilization. The RMs can be facilely impregnated into commercial gelatin sponge (GS) to fabricate RM2‐coated GS, which impose potent antibacterial activity in the presence of lipase. Compared to Gram‐negative P. aeruginosa, the Gram‐positive S. aureus and B. subtilis are more susceptible to QBAs released from RM2‐coated GS. The in vivo antibacterial assays and histological analyses further confirm the validity of RM2‐coated GS in reducing bacterial infection in mice model. These results, taken together, provide a promising strategy for the development of bioswitchable self‐sterilizing dressing materials to reduce healthcare‐acquired bacterial infections.
Laser Speckle Reduction Using a Liquid Crystal Diffuser Enhanced with Redox Dopants
Authors: Jin Yihan , Hansford David J. , Elston Steve J. , Morris Stephen M.
Published: February 2021

Herein, a large reduction in the speckle noise is observed using a thin electroresponsive film consisting of a chiral nematic liquid crystal (LC) that has been enhanced with the addition of a redox dopant. Two different redox dopants are investigated over a range of concentrations, one being an electron acceptor and the other being an electron donor redox dopant. Results are presented that show that the incorporation of either of these dopants leads to a greater reduction in the speckle contrast than that observed using just the chiral nematic LC host when subjected to electrohydrodynamic instabilities. Furthermore, it is found that the permanent electrochemical reactions typically observed when ionic dopants, such as cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, are used are not observed for these devices, resulting in a considerable improvement in terms of the operating lifetime of the speckle reducer technology. To conclude, results that show that the speckle contrast can be reduced to C = 0.11 ± 0.02 at a temperature of 30 ºC are presented and the improvement of the quality of an image generated using a modified commercial projector fitted with a monochromatic laser source is demonstrated.
Synthesis of silver nanowires in a two‐phase system for biological applications
Authors: Korkmaz Nesrin , Akar Kıymet Berkil , İmamoğlu Rizvan , Kısa Dursun , Karadağ Ahmet
Published: February 2021

The ability to design nanowires (NW) in powder technology provides a great advantage for many applications in a variety of fields ranging from medicine to materials science. In this study, nanoparticles were synthesized simultaneously by using an aqueous two‐phase system, which was an environmentally friendly method since the reducing agent that was not spent in the reaction could be effectively recycled and reused. AgNWs (silver nanowires) with numerous high widths and dyes were easily synthesized between two phases using the 5,8‐dibromo‐2‐(butylamino)naphthalene‐1,4‐dione, a 2‐substituted naphthoquinone. Naphthoquinones are known as reducing agents in the production of metal nanoparticles. Synthesized NWs have an average diameter of 90 nm and an average length of 6 μm. The nanowires produced had a round cross section. Characterization of nanowires and nanoparticles was done with UV‐vis, XRD pattern, SEM, and EDX. As a result of characterization, it showed two relatively sharp absorbances in the UV‐vis spectrum at a wavelength of ~358 and 432 nm. In the XRD analysis, five basic peaks attributed to Ag nanoparticles were observed. When SEM images were analyzed, it was determined that Ag nanowires generally have an average diameter of 90 nm and an average length of 6 μm. Anticancer activity test was performed using the MTT test in the HeLa and HT‐29 cell lines. IC50 value was calculated as 11.54 and 16.07 μg ml, and AgNWs showed anticancer properties at high concentration. Evaluating the influence of AgNWs for the first time, this study has indicated that AgNWs exhibit inhibitory properties on the collagenase enzyme. It was observed that the IC50 rate for the enzyme activity was 346.5 mM (r2: 0.955), and Ki value was 41.09 mM.