bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Autonomous optimization of non-aqueous Li-ion battery electrolytes via robotic experimentation and machine learning coupling
Authors: Dave Adarsh , Mitchell Jared , Burke Sven , Lin Hongyi , Whitacre Jay , Viswanathan Venkatasubramanian
Published: September 2022

Developing high-energy and efficient battery technologies is a crucial aspect of advancing the electrification of transportation and aviation. However, battery innovations can take years to deliver. In the case of non-aqueous battery electrolyte solutions, the many design variables in selecting multiple solvents, salts and their relative ratios make electrolyte optimization time-consuming and laborious. To overcome these issues, we propose in this work an experimental design that couples robotics (a custom-built automated experiment named "Clio”) to machine-learning (a Bayesian optimization-based experiment planner named "Dragonfly”). An autonomous optimization of the electrolyte conductivity over a single-salt and ternary solvent design space identifies six fast-charging non-aqueous electrolyte solutions in two work-days and forty-two experiments. This result represents a six-fold time acceleration compared to a random search performed by the same automated experiment. To validate the practical use of these electrolytes, we tested them in a 220 mAh graphite∣∣LiNi0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2 pouch cell configuration. All the pouch cells containing the robot-developed electrolytes demonstrate improved fast-charging capability against a baseline experiment that uses a non-aqueous electrolyte solution selected a priori from the design space.
TP53 mutations and RNA-binding protein MUSASHI-2 drive resistance to PRMT5-targeted therapy in B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Erazo Tatiana , Evans Chiara M. , Zakheim Daniel , Chu Eren L. , Refermat Alice Yunsi , Asgari Zahra , Yang Xuejing , Da Silva Ferreira Mariana , Mehta Sanjoy , Russo Marco Vincenzo , Knezevic Andrea , Zhang Xi-Ping , Chen Zhengming , Fennell Myles , Garippa Ralph , Seshan Venkatraman , de Stanchina Elisa , Barbash Olena , Batlevi Connie Lee , Leslie Christina S. , Melnick Ari M. , Younes Anas , Kharas Michael G.
Published: September 2022

To identify drivers of sensitivity and resistance to Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) inhibition, we perform a genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screen. We identify TP53 and RNA-binding protein MUSASHI2 (MSI2) as the top-ranked sensitizer and driver of resistance to specific PRMT5i, GSK-591, respectively. TP53 deletion and TP53R248W mutation are biomarkers of resistance to GSK-591. PRMT5 expression correlates with MSI2 expression in lymphoma patients. MSI2 depletion and pharmacological inhibition using Ro 08-2750 (Ro) both synergize with GSK-591 to reduce cell growth. Ro reduces MSI2 binding to its global targets and dual treatment of Ro and PRMT5 inhibitors result in synergistic gene expression changes including cell cycle, P53 and MYC signatures. Dual MSI2 and PRMT5 inhibition further blocks c-MYC and BCL-2 translation. BCL-2 depletion or inhibition with venetoclax synergizes with a PRMT5 inhibitor by inducing reduced cell growth and apoptosis. Thus, we propose a therapeutic strategy in lymphoma that combines PRMT5 with MSI2 or BCL-2 inhibition.
Pan-tumor CAnine cuTaneous Cancer Histology (CATCH) dataset
Authors: Wilm Frauke , Fragoso Marco , Marzahl Christian , Qiu Jingna , Puget Chloé , Diehl Laura , Bertram Christof A. , Klopfleisch Robert , Maier Andreas , Breininger Katharina , Aubreville Marc
Published: September 2022

Due to morphological similarities, the differentiation of histologic sections of cutaneous tumors into individual subtypes can be challenging. Recently, deep learning-based approaches have proven their potential for supporting pathologists in this regard. However, many of these supervised algorithms require a large amount of annotated data for robust development. We present a publicly available dataset of 350 whole slide images of seven different canine cutaneous tumors complemented by 12,424 polygon annotations for 13 histologic classes, including seven cutaneous tumor subtypes. In inter-rater experiments, we show a high consistency of the provided labels, especially for tumor annotations. We further validate the dataset by training a deep neural network for the task of tissue segmentation and tumor subtype classification. We achieve a class-averaged Jaccard coefficient of 0.7047, and 0.9044 for tumor in particular. For classification, we achieve a slide-level accuracy of 0.9857. Since canine cutaneous tumors possess various histologic homologies to human tumors the added value of this dataset is not limited to veterinary pathology but extends to more general fields of application.
The flow index provides a comprehensive assessment of erectile dysfunction by combining blood flow velocity and vascular diameter
Authors: Huang Wei-Lun , Tung Sheng-Yung , Tseng Chi-Shin , Wang Tzung-Dau , Lee Wen-Jeng , Chen Jyh-Horng , Su Yann-Ron , Chang Hong-Chiang , Chang Yi-Kai
Published: September 2022

Dynamic duplex sonography (DUS) is not comprehensive in the evaluation of arteriogenic erectile dysfunction (ED). We introduced a new parameter, the flow index (FI), into the assessment of arteriogenic ED. A retrospective review of a prospective database was conducted. Patients undergoing DUS and pelvic computed tomography angiography for the evaluation of ED were included. The FI was calculated from peak systolic velocity (PSV) and the percentages of pelvic arterial (PLA) stenosis. Correlations between PSV, PLA stenosis, the FI, and erectile function were calculated. Eighty-three patients were included. Compared with PSV, the FI had better correlations with the erection hardness score (EHS) (rs = 0.405, P < 0.001 for FI; rs = 0.294, P = 0.007 for PSV). For EHS < 3, the areas under the ROC curve of FI and PSV were 0.759 and 0.700, respectively. In patients with normal DUS but EHS < 3, PLA stenosis was more severe (62.5% vs. 10.0%, P = 0.015), and the FI was lower (8.35 vs. 57.78, P = 0.006), while PSV was not different. The FI is better than PSV in the evaluation of arteriogenic ED. On the other hand, assessment of the pelvic arterial system should be included in the evaluation of ED.
COVID-19 pandemic fatigue and its sociodemographic and psycho-behavioral correlates: a population-based cross-sectional study in Hong Kong
Authors: Leung Hiu Tin , Gong Wei-Jie , Sit Shirley M. M. , Lai Agnes Y. K. , Ho Sai Yin , Wang Man Ping , Lam Tai Hing
Published: September 2022

Pandemic fatigue is a growing public health concern of the lingering COVID-19 pandemic. Despite its widespread mass media coverage, systematic empirical investigations are scarce. Under the Hong Kong Jockey Club SMART Family-Link Project, we conducted online and telephone surveys amid the pandemic in February to March 2021 to assess self-reported pandemic fatigue (range 0–10) in Hong Kong adults (N = 4726) and its associations with sociodemographic and psycho-behavioral (high vs low to moderate) variables. Data were weighted by sex, age, and education of the general population. Binary logistic regression models yielded adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for high pandemic fatigue (score ≥ 7) for sociodemographic and psycho-behavioral variables. 43.7% reported high pandemic fatigue. It was less common in older people (55–64 years: aOR 0.56, 95% CI 0.39–0.82; 65 + years: 0.33, 0.21–0.52) versus age group 18–24 years, but more common in those with tertiary education (1.36, 1.15–1.62) versus secondary or below. High pandemic fatigue was positively associated with depressive symptoms (aOR 1.83, 95% CI 1.55–2.17), anxiety symptoms (1.87, 1.58–2.20), loneliness (1.75, 1.32–2.31), personal fear of COVID-19 (2.61, 2.12–3.23), family fear of COVID-19 (2.03, 1.67–2.47), and current alcohol use (1.16, 1.00–1.33), but negatively associated with self-rated health (0.79, 0.68–0.92), personal happiness (0.63, 0.55–0.72), personal adversity coping capability (0.71, 0.63–0.81), family adversity coping capability (0.79, 0.69–0.90), family well-being (0.84, 0.73–0.97), family communication quality (0.86, 0.75–0.98), and frequent home exercise (0.82, 0.69–0.96; versus less frequent). We first used a single-item tool to measure COVID-19 pandemic fatigue, showing that it was common and associated with worse mental health, lower levels of personal and family well-being and alcohol use.
Radiotherapy-induced oxidative stress and fibrosis in breast cancer are suppressed by vactosertib, a novel, orally bioavailable TGF-β/ALK5 inhibitor
Authors: Park Jiyoung , Choi Jiwon , Cho Ilyoung , Sheen Yhun Yhong
Published: September 2022

Radio-resistance resulting from radiotherapy-induced fibrosis is a major clinical obstacle in breast cancer treatment because it typically leads to cancer recurrence, treatment failure, and patient death. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a key signal messenger in fibrosis, which plays an important role in radiation-induced fibrosis and cancer stem cell (CSC) development, may be mediated through the generation of oxidative stress. This study was conducted to confirm the efficacy of vactosertib, a TGF-β/ALK5 inhibitor, as a potent inhibitor in radiation-induced oxidative stress generation, fibrosis and CSC development. We used a 4T1-Luc allograft BALB/c syngeneic mouse model and 4T1-Luc and MDA-MB-231 cells for histological analysis, qRT-PCR, western blotting, ROS analysis, mammosphere formation analysis, monolayer fluorescence imaging analysis. Radiotherapy induces TGF-β signaling, oxidative stress markers (4-HNE, NOX2, NOX4, PRDX1, NRF2, HO-1, NQO-1), fibrosis markers (PAI-1, α-SMA, FIBRONECTIN, COL1A1), and CSC properties. However, combination therapy with vactosertib not only inhibits these radiation-induced markers and properties by blocking TGF-β signaling, but also enhances the anticancer effect of radiation by reducing the volume of breast cancer. Therefore, these data suggest that vactosertib can effectively reduce radiation fibrosis and resistance in breast cancer treatment by inhibiting radiation-induced TGF-β signaling and oxidative stress, fibrosis, and CSC.
Plasma protein biomarkers for primary graft dysfunction after lung transplantation: a single-center cohort analysis
Authors: Chacon-Alberty Lourdes , Kanchi Rupa S. , Ye Shengbin , Hochman-Mendez Camila , Daoud Daoud , Coarfa Cristian , Li Meng , Grimm Sandra L. , Baz Maher , Rosas Ivan , Loor Gabriel
Published: September 2022

The clinical use of circulating biomarkers for primary graft dysfunction (PGD) after lung transplantation has been limited. In a prospective single-center cohort, we examined the use of plasma protein biomarkers as indicators of PGD severity and duration after lung transplantation. The study comprised 40 consecutive lung transplant patients who consented to blood sample collection immediately pretransplant and at 6, 24, 48, and 72 h after lung transplant. An expert grader determined the severity and duration of PGD and scored PGD at T0 (6 h after reperfusion), T24, T48, and T72 h post-reperfusion using the 2016 ISHLT consensus guidelines. A bead-based multiplex assay was used to measure 27 plasma proteins including cytokines, growth factors, and chemokines. Enzyme-linked immunoassay was used to measure cell injury markers including M30, M65, soluble receptor of advanced glycation end-products (sRAGE), and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1). A pairwise comparisons analysis was used to assess differences in protein levels between PGD severity scores (1, 2, and 3) at T0, T24, T48, and T72 h. Sensitivity and temporal analyses were used to explore the association of protein expression patterns and PGD3 at T48–72 h (the most severe, persistent form of PGD). We used the Benjamini–Hochberg method to adjust for multiple testing. Of the 40 patients, 22 (55%) had PGD3 at some point post-transplant from T0 to T72 h; 12 (30%) had PGD3 at T48–72 h. In the pairwise comparison, we identified a robust plasma protein expression signature for PGD severity. In the sensitivity analysis, using a linear model for microarray data, we found that differential perioperative expression of IP-10, MIP1B, RANTES, IL-8, IL-1Ra, G-CSF, and PDGF-BB correlated with PGD3 development at T48–72 h (FDR < 0.1 andp < 0.05). In the temporal analysis, using linear mixed modeling with overlap weighting, we identified unique protein patterns in patients who did or did not develop PGD3 at T48–72 h. Our findings suggest that unique inflammatory protein expression patterns may be informative of PGD severity and duration. PGD biomarker panels may improve early detection of PGD, predict its clinical course, and help monitor treatment efficacy in the current era of lung transplantation.
Translucency and mechanical behavior of partially stabilized monolithic zirconia after staining, finishing procedures and artificial aging
Authors: da Silva Allan Oliveira , Fiorin Lívia , Faria Adriana Claudia Lapria , Ribeiro Ricardo Faria , Rodrigues Renata Cristina Silveira
Published: September 2022

Partially stabilized zirconia (5Y-PSZ) has been widely used to manufacture indirect monolithic restorations, and the effect of finishing procedures on the optical and mechanical properties of these materials are still unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of staining, polishing and glazing on surface roughness, crystalline phase content, microhardness, fracture toughness, dynamic elastic modulus, three-point flexural strength, strain distribution, color (∆E00/∆L/∆a/∆b), and translucency before and after artificial accelerated aging (water spray and ultraviolet) of 5Y-PSZ. Bar-shaped and rectangle-shaped specimens of the 5Y-PSZ were prepared and divided into six groups, according to finishing procedure: GC (control), GS (staining), GG (glazing), GSG (staining and glazing), GP (polishing), GSP (staining and polishing). There was a significant difference between groups for surface roughness (p < 0.05), dynamic elastic modulus (p = 0.007), microhardness (p =  < 0.05), ∆E00 (p = 0.010), and ∆a (p = 0.008). GC presented higher cubic phase content, and the stained groups (GS, GSG and GSP) presented higher monoclinic content. The different finishing procedures affected roughness, dynamic elastic modulus, microhardness, and color of 5Y-PSZ; polishing being the finish that provides minors changes to the 5Y- PSZ. Accelerated artificial aging caused color change, regardless of finishing procedure used.
Node, place, ridership, and time model for rail-transit stations: a case study
Authors: Amini Pishro Ahad , Yang Qihong , Zhang Shiquan , Amini Pishro Mojdeh , Zhang Zhengrui , Zhao Yana , Postel Victor , Huang Dengshi , Li WeiYu
Published: September 2022

Nowadays, Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) plays a vital role for public transport planners in developing potential city facilities. Knowing the necessity of this concept indicates that TOD effective parameters such as network accessibility (node value) and station-area land use (place value) should be considered in city development projects. To manage the coordination between these two factors, we need to consider ridership and peak and off-peak hours as essential enablers in our investigations. To aim this, we conducted our research on Chengdu rail-transit stations as a case study to propose our Node-Place-Ridership-Time (NPRT) model. We applied the Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) to examine the impacts of node value and place value on ridership. Finally, K-Means and Cube Methods were used to classify the stations based on the NPRT model results. This research indicates that our NPRT model could provide accurate results compared with the previous models to evaluate rail-transit stations.
Alpha-mangostin inhibits viral replication and suppresses nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)-mediated inflammation in dengue virus infection
Authors: Tarasuk Mayuri , Songprakhon Pucharee , Chieochansin Thaweesak , Choomee Kornkan , Na-Bangchang Kesara , Yenchitsomanus Pa-thai
Published: September 2022

Severe dengue virus (DENV) infection results from viral replication and dysregulated host immune response, which trigger massive cytokine production/cytokine storm. The result is severe vascular leakage, hemorrhagic diathesis, and organ dysfunction. Subsequent to previously proposing that an ideal drug for treatment of DENV infection should efficiently inhibit both virus production and cytokine storm, we discovered that α-mangostin (α-MG) from the pericarp of the mangosteen fruit could inhibit both DENV infection and cytokine/chemokine production. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects of α-MG. Time-of-drug-addition and time-of-drug-elimination studies suggested that α-MG inhibits the replication step of the DENV life cycle. α-MG inhibited polymerization activity of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) with IC50 values of 16.50 μM and significantly reduced viral RNA and protein syntheses, and virion production. Antiviral and cytokine/chemokine gene expression profiles of α-MG-treated DENV-2-infected cells were investigated by polymerase chain reaction array. α-MG suppressed the expression of 37 antiviral and cytokine/chemokine genes that relate to the NF-κB signaling pathway. Immunofluorescence and immunoblot analyses revealed that α-MG inhibits NF-κB nuclear translocation in DENV-2-infected cells in association with reduced RANTES, IP-10, TNF-α, and IL-6 production. These results suggest α-MG as a potential treatment for DENV infection.
Numerical analysis of unsteady momentum and heat flow of dusty tangent hyperbolic fluid in three dimensions
Authors: Bibi Madiha , Zeeshan A. , Malik M. Y.
Published: September 2022

This paper explores the impact of MHD and viscous dissipation with joule heating on convective stretching flow of dusty tangent hyperbolic fluid over a sheet in 3D. A time-dependent magnetic field is applied along the z-axis and the sheet being stretched along the xy-plane. The fluid and dust particles motions are coupled only through drag and heat transfer between them. The effect of viscous dissipation with convection is appreciable when the generated kinetic energy becomes appreciable as compared to the amount of heat transferred. A well known bvp4c method has been used to find the fruitful results. Graphs and tables show the facts and figures for physical properties according to different parameters. The main findings are that Increase in power law index, magnetic field, Weissenberg effect, concentration of dust particles, and unsteadiness parameter reduces the flow of fluid and solid granules.
Simultaneous treatment of trauma patients in a dual room trauma suite with integrated movable sliding gantry CT system: an observational study
Authors: Kippnich Maximilian , Duempert Maximilian , Schorscher Nora , Jordan Martin C. , Kunz Andreas S. , Meybohm Patrick , Wurmb Thomas
Published: September 2022

The trauma center of the University Hospital Wuerzburg has developed an advanced trauma pathway based on a dual-room trauma suite with an integrated movable sliding gantry CT-system. This enables simultaneous CT-diagnostics and treatment of two trauma patients. The focus of this study was to investigate the quality of the concept based on defined outcome criteria in this specific setting (time from arrival to initiation of CT scan: tCT; time from arrival to initiation of emergency surgery: tES). We analyzed all trauma patients admitted to the hospital’s trauma suite from 1st May 2019 through 29th April 2020. Two subgroups were defined: trauma patients, who were treated without a second trauma patient present (group 1) and patients, who were treated simultaneously with another trauma patient (group 2). Simultaneous treatment was defined as parallel arrival within a period of 20 min. Of 423 included trauma patients, 46 patients (10.9%) were treated simultaneously. Car accidents were the predominant trauma mechanism in this group (19.6% vs. 47.8%, p < 0.05). Prehospital life-saving procedures were performed with comparable frequency in both groups (intubation 43.5% vs. 39%, p = 0.572); pleural drainage 3.2% vs. 2.2%, p = 0.708; cardiopulmonary resuscitation 5% vs. 2.2%, p = 0.387). At hospital admission, patients in group 2 suffered significantly more pain (E-problem according to Advanced Trauma Life Support principles©; 29.2% vs. 45.7%, p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the clinical treatment (emergency procedures, vasopressor and coagulant therapy, and transfusion of red blood cells). tCT was 6 (4–10) minutes (median and IQR) in group 1 and 8 (5–15.5) minutes in group 2 (p = 0.280). tES was 90 (78–106) minutes in group 1 and 99 (97–108) minutes in group 2 (p = 0.081). The simultaneous treatment of two trauma patients in a dual-room trauma suite with an integrated movable sliding gantry CT-system requires a medical, organizational, and technical concept adapted to this special setting. Despite the oftentimes serious and life-threatening injuries, optimal diagnostic and therapeutic procedures can be guaranteed for two simultaneous trauma patients at an individual medical level in consistent quality.
Predicting the effects of winter water warming in artificial lakes on zooplankton and its environment using combined machine learning models
Authors: Kruk Marek , Goździejewska Anna Maria , Artiemjew Piotr
Published: September 2022

This work deals with the consequences of climate warming on aquatic ecosystems. The study determined the effects of increased water temperatures in artificial lakes during winter on predicting changes in the biomass of zooplankton taxa and their environment. We applied an innovative approach to investigate the effects of winter warming on zooplankton and physico-chemical factors. We used a modelling scheme combining hierarchical clustering, eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) and SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) algorithms. Under the influence of increased water temperatures in winter, weight- and frequency-dominant Crustacea taxa such as Daphnia cucullata, Cyclops vicinus, Cryptocyclops bicolor, copepodites and nauplii, and the Rotifera: Polyarthra longiremis, Trichocerca pusilla, Keratella quadrata, Asplanchna priodonta and Synchaeta spp. tend to decrease their biomass. Under the same conditions, Rotifera: Lecane spp., Monommata maculata, Testudinella patina, Notholca squamula, Colurella colurus, Trichocerca intermedia and the protozoan species Centropyxis acuelata and Arcella discoides with lower size and abundance responded with an increase in biomass. Decreases in chlorophyll a, suspended solids and total nitrogen were predicted due to winter warming. Machine learning ensemble models used in innovative ways can contribute to the research utility of studies on the response of ecological units to environmental change.
Sub-bandgap trap sites for high-density photochemical electron storage in colloidal SrTiO3 nanocrystals
Authors: Abdullah Muhammad , Nelson Ruby J. , Kittilstved Kevin R.
Published: September 2022

We report facile and reversible electron storage in colloidal SrTiO3 nanocrystals using photochemical and redox titration methods.
Directing metallo-supramolecular assembly through complementarity
Authors: Algar Jess L. , Preston Dan
Published: September 2022

This Feature Article details our strategies using complementary pairs of ligands to control connectivity at metal ions and direct structure in metallo-supramolecular self-assembly.
Asymmetric total synthesis of (+)-dihydroitomanallene B and formal synthesis of (−)-kumausallene
Authors: Fernandes Rodney A. , Kumar Atul , Pathare Ramdas S.
Published: September 2022

The first total synthesis of (+)-dihydroitomanallene B and its two diastereomers, and the formal synthesis of (−)-kumausallene from a common intermediate based on protecting-group-directed Tsuji–Trost cyclization of allyl acetates are reported.
Silylium ion-mediated cage-opening functionalization of closo-B10H102− salts
Authors: Wang Yingying , Han Hui , Kang Jia-Xin , Peng Jiamin , Lu Xiongxiong , Cao Hou-Ji , Liu Zhenxing , Chen Xuenian
Published: September 2022

We found that trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (TMSOTf) can mediate boron-cage-opening instead of strong acids based on which an efficient method has been developed to regioselectively synthesize 6-substituted decaboranyl ethers and sulfides.
Distinct binding interactions trigger opposite conformational modulations on pathogenic and wildtype Huntingtin exon 1 proteins
Authors: Guan Jiaming , Song Zhijian , Wei Guanghong , Qiao Qin
Published: September 2022

Dramatic differences of ispinesib-induced conformational changes between pathogenic and wildtype Htt-exon-1 systems, and the underlying binding interactions of distinct molecular mechanisms.
Detection of the tetrahedral reaction intermediate of the reaction of acetyl chloride with ethanol in microdroplets via laser desorption/ionization tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Boulos Victoria M. , Marcum Jeremy , Lei Hao Ran , Zhang Yuyang , Natvig Hannah E. , Updike Benjamin , Pourpoint Timothée L. , Kenttämaa Hilkka I.
Published: September 2022

The controversial tetrahedral intermediate of the reaction between acetyl chloride and ethanol was detected using novel methodology. The results demonstrate that the reaction proceeds via an addition/elimination mechanism.
Human exposure to phthalate esters via ingestion of municipal drinking water from automatic water purifiers: levels, sources, and risks
Authors: Yang Ya , Song Linlin , Zhu Zhiliang , Qiu Yanling , Zhao Jianfu , Huang Qinghui , Bergman Ake
Published: September 2022

The presence of organic pollutants in drinking water is an environmental problem threatening public health.
Solvent-free photochemical decomposition of sulfur hexafluoride by phosphines: formation of difluorophosphoranes as versatile fluorination reagents
Authors: Rotering Philipp , Mück-Lichtenfeld Christian , Dielmann Fabian
Published: September 2022

A solvent-free, scalable process for the conversion of the greenhouse gas SF6into a versatile fluorinating reagent is reported.
Electrochemiluminescence detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 based on mesoporous Ca-doped MgAl2O3–G–SiO2 biosensor
Authors: Meng Ze-da , Jung Chong-Hun , Oh Won-Chun
Published: September 2022

This paper describes the development of an electrochemical biosensor for the quantitative detection of Escherichia coli (E. coli) O157:H7 based on biocompatible mesoporous Ca-doped MgAl2O3–G–SiO2 (CMAGS) nanomaterials.
Constructing trifunctional MoTe2/As van der Waals heterostructures for versatile energy applications
Authors: Chang Yee Hui Robin , Yeoh Keat Hoe , Jiang Junke , Lim Thong Leng , Yong Yik Seng , Low Lay Chen , Tuh Moi Hua
Published: September 2022

Trifunctional MoTe2/As has been designed to address the limitation of a single layer material.
Revealing the different effects of VIB transition metals X (X = Cr, Mo, W) on the electrochemical performance of Li-rich cathode Li2MnO3 by first-principles calculations
Authors: Zhang Shiwei , Wang Jianchuan , Liu Huan , Zhang Weibin , Sun Lixian , Du Yong , Seifert Hans J. , Lei Ting
Published: September 2022

The doping of Cr, Mo and W enhances the electrochemical activity of Li2MnO3via different charge compensation mechanisms. A summary of the variations of charge compensation mechanisms facilitates the rapid design of Li-rich cathodes.
Photoinduced rearrangement of α-(2-nitrophenyl)ketones
Authors: Kitayama Shinnosuke , Shimizu Hiroaki , Yokoshima Satoshi
Published: September 2022

Photoirradiation of ketones having a 2-nitrophenyl group at the α-position produced cyclic hydroxamates.
Coupling nonstoichiometric Cu2−xSe with stable Cu2Se berzelianite for efficient synergistic electrocatalytic hydrazine-assisted water splitting
Authors: Lv Xian-Wei , Kong Qing-Hui , Song Xin-Lian , Liu Yu-Ping , Yuan Zhong-Yong
Published: September 2022

Synergistic electrocatalysis between nonstoichiometric Cu2−xSe and Cu2Se berzelianite for highly efficient hydrazine-assisted water splitting.
Curvature-controlled geometrical lensing behavior in self-propelled colloidal particle systems
Authors: Schönhöfer Philipp W. A. , Glotzer Sharon C.
Published: September 2022

Gaussian curvature controls motility-induced phase separation of self-propelled particles confined to positively and negatively curved surfaces.
Hawk‐eye‐inspired perception algorithm of stereo vision for obtaining orchard 3D point cloud navigation map
Authors: Zhang Zichao , Chen Jian , Xu Xinyu , Liu Cunjia , Han Yu
Published: September 2022

The binocular stereo vision is the lowest cost sensor for obtaining 3D information. Considering the weakness of long‐distance measurement and stability, the improvement of accuracy and stability of stereo vision is urgently required for application of precision agriculture. To address the challenges of stereo vision long‐distance measurement and stable perception without hardware upgrade, inspired by hawk eyes, higher resolution perception and the adaptive HDR (High Dynamic Range) were introduced in this paper. Simulating the function from physiological structure of ‘deep fovea’ and ‘shallow fovea’ of hawk eye, the higher resolution reconstruction method in this paper was aimed at accuracy improving. Inspired by adjustment of pupils, the adaptive HDR method was proposed for high dynamic range optimisation and stable perception. In various light conditions, compared with default stereo vision, the accuracy of proposed algorithm was improved by 28.0% evaluated by error ratio, and the stability was improved by 26.56% by disparity accuracy. For fixed distance measurement, the maximum improvement was 78.6% by standard deviation. Based on the hawk‐eye‐inspired perception algorithm, the point cloud of orchard was improved both in quality and quantity. The hawk‐eye‐inspired perception algorithm contributed great advance in binocular 3D point cloud reconstruction in orchard navigation map.
Compact planar magneto‐electric dipole‐like circularly polarized antenna
Authors: Kumar Arvind , Althuwayb Ayman A. , Chaturvedi Divya , Kumar Rajkishor , Ahmadfard Farnaz
Published: September 2022

A novel circularly polarized (CP) substrate integrated magneto‐electric dipole (MED) antenna has been designed for appropriate wireless communication. The antenna comprises two printed radiating arc‐shaped patches and a feeding strip on top, two rows of embedded metallic vias, and a ground plane. A coax probe is used to excite the patches and via rows simultaneously with the help of a printed feeding strip. Finally, the antenna design has been prototyped and its performance experimentally was verified in terms of impedance bandwidth, axial‐ratio (AR), gain, efficiency, and radiation patterns. The measured impedance bandwidth (under −10 dB) and AR bandwidth (under 3 dB) are 6.15–7.01 (13%) GHz and 6.24–6.40 (2.53%) GHz respectively. Typically, the measured gain value within 3‐dB AR bandwidth at 6.3 GHz is 4.5 dBic with average measured in‐band antenna efficiency of 85.2%. Moreover, the proposed antenna shows an acceptable agreement with predicted counterparts, including unidirectional radiation patterns.
Improved hybrid sparrow search algorithm for an extreme learning machine neural network for short‐term photovoltaic power prediction in 5G energy‐routing base stations
Authors: Yan Ming , Guo Wenhao , Hu Yongle , Xu Feng , Chen Junjiang , Du Qi , Zheng Hanbo , Qin Tuanfa
Published: September 2022

Given the advancements in solar power generation and fifth‐generation (5G) technologies, it is crucial to reduce energy consumption based on accurate predictions of the photovoltaic power requirements of 5G base stations (BSs) connected to renewable energy sources. To ensure sufficient prediction performance even under complex weather conditions and promote two‐way flow of energy and information in the power supply system of the 5G BS, this work first proposes a reference scenario for a 5G BS with an energy router. Then, the comprehensive grey relational analysis is used to determine the optimal photovoltaic input variables. Finally, the improved logistic distribution, Laplacian distribution with inverse incomplete gamma‐function weight factor, and nonlinear mutation perturbation strategy are introduced to improve the ability of the sparrow search algorithm to avoid locally optimal solutions for an extreme learning machine of the short‐term photovoltaic power prediction model. The proposed model is applied to actual measured data for validation, and the results show that this model has the lowest mean percentage error as well as highest prediction accuracy under different weather conditions. The coefficient of determination for the proposed prediction model is greater than 99%; therefore, it is expected to improve the photovoltaic prediction performances of 5G energy‐routing BSs as well as promote sustainable development and sharing of energy and information.
SPRITZ is sparkling: Simulated CO and [C II] luminosities
Authors: Bisigello L. , Vallini L. , Gruppioni C. , Esposito F. , Calura F. , Delvecchio I. , Feltre A. , Pozzi F. , Rodighiero G.
Published: September 2022

Aims. We present a new prediction for the luminosity functions (LFs) of the [C II] line at 158 μm, of the CO lines from J = 0 to J = 24, and of the molecular gas mass density up to z = 10, using the Spectro-Photometric Realisations of Infrared-selected Targets at all-z (SPRITZ) simulation.

Methods. We update the state-of-the-art phenomenological simulation SPRITZ to include both the CO (J ≤ 24) and the [C II] line luminosities. This has been performed using different empirical and theoretical relations to convert the total infrared luminosity (or star formation rate, SFR) to the [C II] or CO luminosity. The resulting line LFs were compared for validation with a large set of observations available in the literature. We then used the derived CO and [C II] line luminosities to estimate the molecular gas mass density and compare it with available observations.

Results. The CO and [C II] LFs presented here are in good agreement with all the available observations. In particular, the best results for [C II] are obtained deriving the [C II] luminosity directly from the SFR, but considering a dependence of this relation on the gas metallicity. For all the CO LFs, the estimates favoured by the data are derived considering different relations, depending on the ionisation mechanism dominating each galaxy, namely star formation or active galactic nuclei, and, moreover, by deriving the J ≥ 4 CO lines directly from the [C II] luminosity. However, further data are necessary to fully distinguish between models. Finally, the best agreements with observations of the molecular gas mass density are derived by converting the [C II] luminosity to H2 mass, using a [C II]-to-H2 conversion ∼130 M⊙/L⊙. All the line LFs, useful for planning and interpreting future observations, are made publicly available.
Brown dwarf companions in microlensing binaries detected during the 2016–2018 seasons
Authors: Han Cheongho , Ryu Yoon-Hyun , Shin In-Gu , Kil Jung Youn , Kim Doeon , Hirao Yuki , Bozza Valerio , Albrow Michael D. , Zang Weicheng , Udalski Andrzej , Bond Ian A. , Chung Sun-Ju , Gould Andrew , Hwang Kyu-Ha , Shvartzvald Yossi , Yang Hongjing , Cha Sang-Mok , Kim Dong-Jin , Kim Hyoun-Woo , Kim Seung-Lee , Lee Chung-Uk , Lee Dong-Joo , Yee Jennifer C. , Lee Yongseok , Park Byeong-Gon , Pogge Richard W. , Mróz Przemek , Szymański Michał K. , Skowron Jan , Poleski Radek , Soszyński Igor , Pietrukowicz Paweł , Kozłowski Szymon , Ulaczyk Krzysztof , Rybicki Krzysztof A. , Iwanek Patryk , Wrona Marcin , Abe Fumio , Barry Richard , Bennett David P. , Bhattacharya Aparna , Fujii Hirosame , Fukui Akihiko , Ishitani Silva Stela , Kirikawa Rintaro , Kondo Iona , Koshimoto Naoki , Matsubara Yutaka , Matsumoto Sho , Miyazaki Shota , Muraki Yasushi , Okamura Arisa , Olmschenk Greg , Ranc Clément , Rattenbury Nicholas J. , Satoh Yuki , Sumi Takahiro , Suzuki Daisuke , Toda Taiga , Tristram Paul J. , Vandorou Aikaterini , Yama Hibiki , Itow Yoshitaka
Published: September 2022

Aims. With the aim of finding microlensing binaries containing brown dwarf (BD) companions, we investigate the microlensing survey data collected during the 2016–2018 seasons.

Methods. For this purpose, we first modeled lensing events with light curves exhibiting anomaly features that are likely to be produced by binary lenses. We then sorted out BD companion binary-lens events by applying the criterion that the companion-to-primary mass ratio is q ≲ 0.1. With this procedure, we identify six binaries with candidate BD companions: OGLE-2016-BLG-0890L, MOA-2017-BLG-477L, OGLE-2017-BLG-0614L, KMT-2018-BLG-0357L, OGLE-2018-BLG-1489L, and OGLE-2018-BLG-0360L.

Results. We estimated the masses of the binary companions by conducting Bayesian analyses using the observables of the individual lensing events. According to the Bayesian estimation of the lens masses, the probabilities for the lens companions of the events OGLE-2016-BLG-0890, OGLE-2017-BLG-0614, OGLE-2018-BLG-1489, and OGLE-2018-BLG-0360 to be in the BD mass regime are very high with PBD > 80%. For MOA-2017-BLG-477 and KMT-2018-BLG-0357, the probabilities are relatively low with PBD = 61% and 69%, respectively.
Constraining leptonic emission scenarios for the PeVatron candidate HESS J1702−420 with deep XMM-Newton observations
Authors: Giunti L. , Acero F. , Khélifi B. , Kosack K. , Lemière A. , Terrier R.
Published: September 2022

Aims. We aim to search for a hidden leptonic accelerator, such as a high-Ė pulsar, associated with the unidentified TeV object HESS J1702−420A.

Methods. We carried out a 72 ks X-ray observation with the XMM-Newton satellite and analyzed the resulting data jointly with the publicly available HESS spectral energy distribution (SED) results to derive constraints on the leptonic contribution to the TeV emission of HESS J1702−420A. A set of scripts dedicated to the multi-wavelength modeling of X-ray and γ-ray data, based on Gammapy, Naima, and Xspec, has been developed in the context of this work and made publicly available along with this paper.

Results. No object clearly associated with HESS J1702−420A was found in the XMM-Newton data. After excluding the unidentified object Suzaku src B as a possible X-ray counterpart and classifying it as a new cataclysmic variable source candidate, we derived strict upper limits on the level of diffuse X-ray emission in the HESS J1702−420A region: F(2 − 10 keV)≲5.4  × 10−5 keV  cm−2 s−1 at 2σ (≈95.5%) confidence level. A tight constraint on the magnetic field was derived, under a one-zone leptonic scenario, by jointly fitting the XMM-Newton spectra and the HESS SED: B ≲ 1.45 μG at 2σ level. We additionally report the serendipitous discovery of a new extended X-ray source with a hard spectral index of 1.99 ± 0.45, named XMMU J170147.3−421407 which is likely Galactic. Its classification as a high-speed runaway pulsar wind nebula (PWN), possibly associated with HESS J1702−420A, is not obvious but cannot be ruled out either.

Conclusions. The hard γ-ray object HESS J1702−420A remains unidentified, but the absence of a clear X-ray counterpart strongly challenges simple leptonic scenarios. The only remaining possible leptonic counterpart for HESS J1702−420A appears to be a newly discovered X-ray source with extended morphology and hard spectral index, which may be a PWN powered by a high-speed runaway pulsar.
Le rôle de la cytologie dans les plaies synoviales
Authors: Pujol Raymond
Published: September 2022

En cas de plaie proche d’une structure synoviale, la cytologie après ponction articulaire, de la gaine ou de la bourse joue un rôle important dans le diagnostic et permet au clinicien de faire la différence entre une atteinte septique ou non. Le taux de cellules nucléées, le pourcentage de neutrophiles dégénérés et les protéines totales sont les paramètres à prendre en compte avec des seuils respectifs autour de 20 000 cellules/µL, 90 % et 35 g/L. Au-delà de ces valeurs, l’atteinte septique est confirmée, mais toute la difficulté de l’examen cytologique réside lorsque les valeurs obtenues sont comprises entre des valeurs normales et ces seuils d’infection. Plusieurs situations peuvent être à l’origine de résultats cytologiques sous-évalués, à savoir la formation de fibrine créant des agrégats cellulaires, une large communication avec le compartiment synovial, une infection suite à une infiltration de corticostéroïdes ou une contamination récente. Par conséquent, il faut bien prendre en compte l’évaluation clinique et l’ensemble des examens complémentaires pour donner un diagnostic précis. Par ailleurs la cytologie du liquide synovial a aussi un rôle dans la démarche thérapeutique des atteintes synoviales septiques et permet au clinicien de suivre de manière objective la réponse au traitement.
Quelle antibiothérapie choisir pour traiter des plaies synoviales chez les équidés ?
Authors: Lallemand Elodie Anne
Published: September 2022

L’antibiothérapie lors de sepsis synovial chez le cheval fait partie d’une prise en charge globale du cheval car elle s’additionne aux lavages/débridement articulaires et à la prise en charge de la douleur. Le choix d’un antibiotique doit reposer sur la connaissance du ou des bactéries impliquées et de la capacité d’un antibiotique à atteindre le site infectieux à des concentrations thérapeutiques. Le prélèvement de liquide synovial, de préférence avant le début du traitement antibiotique, et l’obtention d’un antibiogramme sont très importantes ; même si la culture se révèle infructueuse dans 30 à 60% des cas. Chez le cheval adulte, les bactéries Gram+ dont les Staphylococcaceae sont le plus fréquemment impliquées ; et les infections sont rarement multibactériennes. En première intention et dans l’attente de l’antibiogramme, une association pénicilline-gentamicine, la combinaison triméthoprime-sulfamides ou les tétracyclines sont recommandées. Lors de sepsis synovial, il est intéressant de combiner antibiothérapie par voie générale avec une ou des modalités d’administration locorégionales, comme des perfusions intra-osseuses ou intraveineuses sous garrot. D’autres modalités d’administration, comme l’utilisation d’implants biodégradables ou l’injection/infusion intra-articulaires peuvent être utilisées efficacement.
Un cas de dystrophie cornéenne chez une jument Frisonne : prise en charge par greffe conjonctivale
Authors: Bott Matthieu , Quere Emilie , Bouvet Simon , Chahory Sabine
Published: September 2022

Description du cas. Une jument de race Frison, âgée de 11 ans, est référée pour la prise en charge d’un ulcère cornéen chronique à l’œil gauche ne rétrocédant pas au traitement médical prescrit. Un ulcère cornéen d’aspect similaire avait été pris en charge à droite environ deux ans auparavant. En dépit des traitements médicaux, cet ulcère s’était dégradé et une énucléation avait été réalisée. A son admission, la jument présente une perte de substance cornéenne para-axiale temporo-ventrale, d’environ 2/3 de l’épaisseur cornéenne et de 4 mm de diamètre. Aucun signe de douleur ou d’uvéite antérieure n’est présent. Le test à la fluorescéine est négatif. Une dystrophie cornéenne du Frison est suspectée sur les critères cliniques et épidémiologiques.
Prise en charge. Une chirurgie de greffe conjonctivale est réalisée sous anesthésie générale, permettant une stabilisation de la cornée durant tout le suivi post-opératoire. L’analyse histopathologique révèle une désorganisation des fibres de collagène, en faveur de notre suspicion clinique.
Discussion. La pathogénie de cette maladie cornéenne du Frison n’est pas connue, mais une altération de la production des fibres de collagènes, éventuellement reflet d’un défaut multisystémique, est suspectée. Plusieurs modalités de prise en charge sont rapportées. La technique chirurgicale de greffe conjonctivale est majoritairement décrite.
Cuff-Arthropathie – inverse Schultertotalendoprothese (iSTEP)
Authors: Jerosch Jörg
Published: September 2022

Die inverse Schultertotalendoprothese (iSTEP) hat sich bei der Cuff-Arthropathie als Standard entwickelt. 10-Jahres-Überlebensraten von mehr als 90% sind erzielbar. Es verbleiben jedoch
Probleme und Komplikationen, die es zu verbessern gilt. Ein gestiegenes Verständnis der Biomechanik mit entsprechenden Optimierungen führt zu Neuentwicklungen wie unterschiedlichen
Schaftsystemen, glenoidalen Modifikationen sowie verschiedenen Offset-Typen.
Radiopraxis
Authors: Quinsten Anton
Published: September 2022

Liebe Leserinnen und Leser der Radiopraxis,

die Hauptaufgaben der MTRA/Radiologietechnologen sind, u. a.
qualitativ hochwertige Bilder für die Befundung zu erstellen. Die
Herausforderungen in der täglichen Routine sind z. B. das
ALAP-Prinzip (As Less As Possible) bei der Kontrastmittelgabe, das AShAP-Prinzip (As
Short As Possible) bei der MRT-Untersuchung und das ALARA-Prinzip (As Low As
Reasonably Achievable) für CT-Untersuchungen. Um diese Anforderungen zu
meistern, stehen den MTRA/Radiologietechnologen zahlreiche Werkzeuge zur
Verfügung. Dabei steht der Patient immer im Mittelpunkt.
MTRA/Radiologietechnologen müssen sich sehr gut mit der Technologie
auskennen und ein fundiertes Fachwissen besitzen, um den entsprechenden
Anforderungen gerecht zu werden. Daher freue ich mich sehr, dass die Radiopraxis in
dieser Ausgabe genau die Kernthemen der MTRA behandelt.
Empfehlungen der S3-Leitlinie (AWMF) „Einsatz der extrakorporalen Zirkulation (ECLS/ECMO) bei Herz- und Kreislaufversagen“
Authors: Fischer Stefan , Assmann Alexander , Beckmann Andreas , Schmid Christof , Werdan Karl , Michels Guido , Miera Oliver , Schmidt Florian , Klotz Stefan , Starck Christoph , Pilarczyk Kevin , Rastan Ardawan J. , Burckhardt Marion , Nothacker Monika , Muellenbach Ralf , Zausig York , Haake Nils , Goesdonk Heinrich , Ferrari Markus Wolfgang , Buerke Michael , Hennersdorf Marcus , Rosenberg Mark , Schaible Thomas , Köditz Harald , Kluge Stefan , Janssens Uwe , Lubnow Matthias , Flemmer Andreas , Herber-Jonat Susanne , Wessel Lucas M , Buchwald Dirk , Maier Sven , Krüger Lars , Fründ Andreas , Jaksties Rolf , Wiebe Karsten , Hartog Christiane , Dzemali Omer , Zimpfer Daniel , Ruttmann-Ulmer Elfriede , Schlensak Christian , Ensminger Stephan , Kelm Malte , Boeken Udo
Published: September 2022

In den vergangenen Jahren hat der Einsatz mechanischer Unterstützungssysteme für Patienten mit Herz- und Kreislaufversagen kontinuierlich zugenommen, sodass in Deutschland mittlerweile
jährlich etwa 3000 ECLS-/ECMO-Systeme implantiert werden. Vor dem Hintergrund bislang fehlender umfassender Leitlinien bestand ein dringlicher Bedarf an der Formulierung evidenzbasierter
Empfehlungen zu den zentralen Aspekten der ECLS-/ECMO-Therapie. Im Juli 2015 wurde daher die Erstellung einer S3-Leitlinie durch die Deutsche Gesellschaft für Thorax-, Herz- und
Gefäßchirurgie (DGTHG) bei der zuständigen Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Wissenschaftlichen Medizinischen Fachgesellschaften e. V. (AWMF) angemeldet. In einem strukturierten Konsensusprozess mit
Einbindung von Experten aus Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz, delegiert aus 11 AWMF-Fachgesellschaften, 5 weiteren Fachgesellschaften sowie der Patientenvertretung, entstand unter
Federführung der DGTHG die Leitlinie „Einsatz der extrakorporalen Zirkulation (ECLS/ECMO) bei Herz- und Kreislaufversagen“, die im Februar 2021 publiziert wurde. Die Leitlinie fokussiert
auf klinische Aspekte der Initiierung, Fortführung, Entwöhnung und Nachsorge und adressiert hierbei auch strukturelle und ökonomische Fragestellungen. Dieser Artikel präsentiert eine
Übersicht zu der Methodik und den konsentierten Empfehlungen.
Generalangriff auf das Motoneuron
Authors: Noschinski Dirk-Rüdiger
Published: September 2022

Pathophysiologisch werden beim Guillain-Barré-Syndrom neuronale Membranlipide autoimmun zerstört. Das GBS tritt in der Regel 1–4 Wochen nach einer Infektion der Atemwege oder des Magen-Darm-Trakts auf und beginnt mit einer plötzlich einsetzenden muskulären Schwäche. Diese betrifft vor allem die unteren Extremitäten und den Beckengürtel, kann sich im weiteren Verlauf aber auch auf die oberen Extremitäten ausbreiten. Auch andere Beschwerden und Sonderformen sind möglich.