bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficient Queries of Stand-off Annotations for Natural Language Processing on Electronic Medical Records
Authors: Luo Yuan , Szolovits Peter
Published: July 2016

In natural language processing, stand-off annotation uses the starting and ending positions of an annotation to anchor it to the text and stores the annotation content separately from the text. We address the fundamental problem of efficiently storing stand-off annotations when applying natural language processing on narrative clinical notes in electronic medical records (EMRs) and efficiently retrieving such annotations that satisfy position constraints. Efficient storage and retrieval of stand-off annotations can facilitate tasks such as mapping unstructured text to electronic medical record ontologies. We first formulate this problem into the interval query problem, for which optimal query/update time is in general logarithm. We next perform a tight time complexity analysis on the basic interval tree query algorithm and show its nonoptimality when being applied to a collection of 13 query types from Allen's interval algebra. We then study two closely related state-of-the-art interval query algorithms, proposed query reformulations, and augmentations to the second algorithm. Our proposed algorithm achieves logarithmic time stabbing-max query time complexity and solves the stabbing-interval query tasks on all of Allen's relations in logarithmic time, attaining the theoretic lower bound. Updating time is kept logarithmic and the space requirement is kept linear at the same time. We also discuss interval management in external memory models and higher dimensions.
Prediction of Low Community Sanitation Coverage Using Environmental and Sociodemographic Factors in Amhara Region, Ethiopia
Authors: Oswald William E. , Stewart Aisha E. P. , Flanders W. Dana , Kramer Michael R. , Endeshaw Tekola , Zerihun Mulat , Melaku Birhanu , Sata Eshetu , Gessesse Demelash , Teferi Tesfaye , Tadesse Zerihun , Guadie Birhan , King Jonathan D. , Emerson Paul M. , Callahan Elizabeth K. , Moe Christine L. , Clasen Thomas F.
Published: July 2016

This study developed and validated a model for predicting the probability that communities in Amhara Region, Ethiopia, have low sanitation coverage, based on environmental and sociodemographic conditions. Community sanitation coverage was measured between 2011 and 2014 through trachoma control program evaluation surveys. Information on environmental and sociodemographic conditions was obtained from available data sources and linked with community data using a geographic information system. Logistic regression was used to identify predictors of low community sanitation coverage (< 20% versus ≥ 20%). The selected model was geographically and temporally validated. Model-predicted probabilities of low community sanitation coverage were mapped. Among 1,502 communities, 344 (22.90%) had coverage below 20%. The selected model included measures for high topsoil gravel content, an indicator for low-lying land, population density, altitude, and rainfall and had reasonable predictive discrimination (area under the curve = 0.75, 95% confidence interval = 0.72, 0.78). Measures of soil stability were strongly associated with low community sanitation coverage, controlling for community wealth, and other factors. A model using available environmental and sociodemographic data predicted low community sanitation coverage for areas across Amhara Region with fair discrimination. This approach could assist sanitation programs and trachoma control programs, scaling up or in hyperendemic areas, to target vulnerable areas with additional activities or alternate technologies.
Seroprevalence of Q Fever, Brucellosis, and Bluetongue in Selected Provinces in Lao People's Democratic Republic
Authors: Douangngeun Bounlom , Theppangna Watthana , Soukvilay Vilayvahn , Senaphanh Chanthana , Phithacthep Kamphok , Phomhaksa Souk , Yingst Samuel , Lombardini Eric , Hansson Eric , Selleck Paul W. , Blacksell Stuart D.
Published: July 2016

This study has determined the proportional seropositivity of two zoonotic diseases, Q fever and brucellosis, and bluetongue virus (BTV) which is nonzoonotic, in five provinces of Lao People's Democratic Republic (PDR) (Loungphabang, Luangnumtha, Xayaboury, Xiengkhouang, and Champasak, and Vientiane Province and Vientiane capital). A total of 1,089 samples from buffalo, cattle, pigs, and goats were tested, with seropositivity of BTV (96.7%), Q fever (1.2%), and brucellosis (0.3%). The results of this survey indicated that Q fever seropositivity is not widely distributed in Lao PDR; however, Xayaboury Province had a cluster of seropositive cattle in seven villages in four districts (Botan, Kenthao, Paklaiy, and Phiang) that share a border with Thailand. Further studies are required to determine if Xayaboury Province is indeed an epidemiological hot spot of Q fever activity. There is an urgent need to determine the levels of economic loss and human health-related issues caused by Q fever, brucellosis, and BTV in Lao PDR.
Ice nucleation efficiency of AgI: review and new insights
Authors: Marcolli Claudia , Nagare Baban , Welti André , Lohmann Ulrike
Published: July 2016

Abstract. AgI is one of the best-investigated ice-nucleating substances. It has relevance for the atmosphere since it is used for glaciogenic cloud seeding. Theoretical and experimental studies over the last 60 years provide a complex picture of silver iodide as an ice-nucleating agent with conflicting and inconsistent results. This review compares experimental ice nucleation studies in order to analyze the factors that influence the ice nucleation ability of AgI. The following picture emerges from this analysis: the ice nucleation ability of AgI seems to be enhanced when the AgI particle is on the surface of a droplet, which is indeed the position that a particle takes when it can freely move in a droplet. The ice nucleation by particles with surfaces exposed to air depends on water adsorption. AgI surfaces seem to be most efficient at nucleating ice when they are exposed to relative humidity at or even above water saturation. For AgI particles that are completely immersed in water, the freezing temperature increases with increasing AgI surface area. Higher threshold freezing temperatures seem to correlate with improved lattice matches as can be seen for AgI–AgCl solid solutions and 3AgI·NH4I·6H2O, which have slightly better lattice matches with ice than AgI and also higher threshold freezing temperatures. However, the effect of a good lattice match is annihilated when the surfaces have charges. Also, the ice nucleation ability seems to decrease during dissolution of AgI particles. This introduces an additional history and time dependence for ice nucleation in cloud chambers with short residence times.
Quantifying the Cenozoic marine diatom deposition history: links to
the C and Si cycles
Authors: Renaudie Johan
Published: July 2016

Abstract. Marine planktonic diatoms are, today, among the world's main primary producers as well as the main organic carbon exporter to the deep-sea despite the fact that they were a very minor component of the plankton at the beginning of the Cenozoic. They are also the main silica exporter to the deep-sea, thus balancing global chemical weathering. This study reviews their global Cenozoic depositional pattern in order to understand the modality and the context of their rise to dominance, but also to understand how diatom evolution affected the Cenozoic functioning of the ocean's biological pump. After two short-lived major abundance peaks in the late Eocene and the late Oligocene, diatom abundance in sediments shifted in the mid-Miocene to globally higher values which have largely persisted to the modern day. These quantitative findings provide support for the hypothesis according to which diatoms, through their ecological role in the ocean's biological carbon pump, have contributed to the Cenozoic changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide pressure and consequently to changes in the global climate state. Additionally, correlations between diatom abundance peaks and shifts in seawater strontium and osmium isotopic composition hint at a strong control of the silicate weathering on diatom deposition.
Simulating stress-dependent fluid flow in a fractured core sample using
real-time X-ray CT data
Authors: Kling Tobias , Huo Da , Schwarz Jens-Oliver , Enzmann Frieder , Benson Sally , Blum Philipp
Published: July 2016

Abstract. Various geoscientific applications require a fast prediction of fracture permeability for an optimal workflow. Hence, the objective of the current study is to introduce and validate a practical method to characterize and approximate single flow in fractures under different stress conditions by using a core-flooding apparatus, in situ X-ray computed tomography (CT) scans and a finite-volume method solving the Navier–Stokes–Brinkman equations. The permeability of the fractured sandstone sample was measured stepwise during a loading–unloading cycle (0.7 to 22.1 MPa and back) to validate the numerical results. Simultaneously, the pressurized core sample was imaged with a medical X-ray CT scanner with a voxel dimension of 0.5  ×  0.5  ×  1.0 mm3. Fracture geometries were obtained by CT images based on a modification of the simplified missing attenuation (MSMA) approach. Simulation results revealed both qualitative plausibility and a quantitative approximation of the experimentally derived permeabilities. The qualitative results indicate flow channeling along several preferential flow paths with less pronounced tortuosity. Significant changes in permeability can be assigned to temporal and permanent changes within the fracture due to applied stresses. The deviations of the quantitative results appear to be mainly caused by both local underestimation of hydraulic properties due to compositional matrix heterogeneities and the low CT resolution affecting the accurate capturing of sub-grid-scale features. Both affect the proper reproduction of the actual connectivity and therefore also the depiction of the expected permeability hysteresis. Furthermore, the threshold value CTmat (1862.6 HU) depicting the matrix material represents the most sensitive input parameter of the simulations. Small variations of CTmat can cause enormous changes in simulated permeability by up to a factor of 2.6 ± 0.1 and, thus, have to be defined with caution. Nevertheless, comparison with further CT-based flow simulations indicates that the proposed method represents a valuable method to approximate actual permeabilities, particularly for smooth fractures (< 35 µm). However, further systematic investigations concerning the applicability of the method are essential for future studies. Thus, some recommendations are compiled by also including suggestions of comparable studies.
Phase segmentation of X-ray computer tomography rock images using
machine learning techniques: an accuracy and performance
study
Authors: Chauhan Swarup , Rühaak Wolfram , Anbergen Hauke , Kabdenov Alen , Freise Marcus , Wille Thorsten , Sass Ingo
Published: July 2016

Abstract. Performance and accuracy of machine learning techniques to segment rock grains, matrix and pore voxels from a 3-D volume of X-ray tomographic (XCT) grayscale rock images was evaluated. The segmentation and classification capability of unsupervised (k-means, fuzzy c-means, self-organized maps), supervised (artificial neural networks, least-squares support vector machines) and ensemble classifiers (bragging and boosting) were tested using XCT images of andesite volcanic rock, Berea sandstone, Rotliegend sandstone and a synthetic sample. The averaged porosity obtained for andesite (15.8 ± 2.5 %), Berea sandstone (16.3 ± 2.6 %), Rotliegend sandstone (13.4 ± 7.4 %) and the synthetic sample (48.3 ± 13.3 %) is in very good agreement with the respective laboratory measurement data and varies by a factor of 0.2. The k-means algorithm is the fastest of all machine learning algorithms, whereas a least-squares support vector machine is the most computationally expensive. Metrics entropy, purity, mean square root error, receiver operational characteristic curve and 10 K-fold cross-validation were used to determine the accuracy of unsupervised, supervised and ensemble classifier techniques. In general, the accuracy was found to be largely affected by the feature vector selection scheme. As it is always a trade-off between performance and accuracy, it is difficult to isolate one particular machine learning algorithm which is best suited for the complex phase segmentation problem. Therefore, our investigation provides parameters that can help in selecting the appropriate machine learning techniques for phase segmentation.
Subnotificação de casos de tuberculose a partir da vigilância do óbito
Authors: Romero Renata Olívia Gadelha , Ribeiro Cláudia Maria Cavalcanti , Sá Lenilde Duarte de , Villa Tereza Cristina Scatena , Nogueira Jordana De Almeida
Published: July 2016

Objetivou-se analisar as subnotificações de casos de tuberculose a partir de captação de óbitos registrados no Sistema de Informação de Mortalidade (SIM) entre 2007 a 2011. Estudo retrospectivo, realizado em municipio nordestino, que utilizou a técnica de associação probabilística entre os registros do SIM e Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (Sinan), por meio do software Reclink III. Calculou-se odds ratio (OR) dos indivíduos que morreram com tuberculose não notificados no Sinan, segundo características sociodemográficas. Do total de 147 óbitos registrados no SIM, 72,8% não haviam sido notificados no Sinan. Mulheres tiveram mais chance que os homens de não serem notificadas (OR=2,60), pessoas com idade inferior a 60 anos (OR=1,86) e com menos de oito anos de estudo (OC=4,42). Estratégias devem ser ressignificadas de modo a aumentar a captação de sintomáticos respiratórios, diagnosticar oportunamente os casos e evitar falhas no preenchimento dos registros.
O conhecimento científico e a multimodalidade informacional
Authors: Assumpção Luiz Carlos Flôres , Lopez André Porto Ancona
Published: July 2016

Introdução: No contexto científico, a informação só poderá ser considerada objetivo científico se forem dentro de normas e regras preestabelecidas, ou seja, com as informações registradas - teorias e resultados de pesquisas - o que pode ser colocado à prova, sendo refutada ou não.

Objetivo: Analisar a informação multimodal no contexto do conhecimento científico com a teoria dos três mundos de Popper.

Metodologia: E o ponto de partida é uma pesquisa bibliográfica. No primeiro momento, a definição do que é informação e informação como coisa. No segundo momento, vamos nos ater ao contexto da informação multimodal, passando o terceiro momento nas teorias de três mundos de Popper e em particular o terceiro mundo ou mundo 3.

Resultado: No terceiro momento as considerações em defesa da informação gravada para fazer parte da estrutura do contexto científico onde a informação é considerada como algo multimodal física e tangível para ser do mundo 1, e do mundo 3 de Popper.
Conclusão:Nesta análise pudemos inferir que a informação multimodal faz parte do contexto científico e é estruturada como uma coisa fazendo parte do terceiro mundo de Popper
 
A influência dos critérios lógicos e formais da CAPES na disciplinarização da produção intelectual do campo das Artes/Música
Authors: Café Anderson , Ribeiro Núbia Moura , Ponczek Roberto Leon
Published: July 2016

Introdução: Discute-se como o conhecimento mediato, lógico e formal da CAPES, representado pelos seus critérios de avaliação, tem corroborado para a padronização da produção intelectual no campo das Artes, no qual, conforme Hessen (2000), predomina um tipo de conhecimento imediato, informal e intuitivo.

Objetivo: Refletir a referida questão, buscando-se evidenciar o grau de padronização e sistematização da produção intelectual em três programas de Pós-graduação pertencentes ao campo das Artes/Música, avaliados pela Capes, em 2013.

Metodologia: Realizou-se uma análise comparativa entre os pesos atribuídos à produção artística e científica no campo das Artes/Música e a efetiva produção dos três programas estudados, publicada entre 2010 e 2012.

Resultados: A análise dos dados revelou que mesmo no campo das Artes/Música, os programas de Pós-graduação ainda são mais pontuados, levando-se em conta a quantidade de artigos científicos publicados que é o instrumento privilegiado do conhecimento mediato, lógico e formal, em detrimento das produções artísticas, próprias do conhecimento imediato, intuitivo e criativo.

Conclusão: O funcionamento da Pós-graduação está alicerçado em um conjunto de conhecimentos formais, expressos em documentos normativos, através dos quais a CAPES exerce o poder, a disciplina e o estímulo para tornar padronizadas as produções intelectuais.
Comportamento informacional dos discentes deficientes visuais da Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB
Authors: Ramalho Francisca , Hamad Hanna , Guimarães Ítalo José Bastos
Published: July 2016

Introdução: O processo de busca de informação relaciona-se com as necessidades do indivíduo e o modo como ele procura a informação necessária a suprir sua lacuna cognitiva, apreendendo informação e transformando-a em conhecimento, envolvendo habilidades intelectuais como a decodificação e interpretação, possibilitando estabelecer uma relação entre o conhecimento existente e o proveniente de novas informações.

Objetivo: Analisar do comportamento informacional dos discentes deficientes visuais da Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), atendidos pelo Núcleo de Educação Especial (NEDESP).

Metodologia: Trata-se de uma pesquisa de caráter descritivo com abordagem quanti-qualitativa. Utilizou-se como instrumento para coleta de dados um questionário aplicado com dez usuários deficientes visuais. O modelo de comportamento de busca da informação desenvolvido por David Ellis norteou a realização da pesquisa.

Resultados: Os apontamentos demonstram que as principais necessidades de busca de informação estão associadas às atividades acadêmicas, como seminários, provas e elaboração de artigos. No processo de busca, os discentes usam a internet como principal fonte de informação. A adequação da informação com a necessidade do usuário é realizada através da busca por fontes seguras, confiança nos amigos, filtragem das informações relevantes, disseminação da informação por várias pessoas e consolidação da informação. As maiores dificuldades encontradas são a falta de acessibilidade em sites na internet e a ausência de materiais disponíveis em braille.
Conclusões: É necessário adotar medidas corretivas, preventivas e assistivas, pela Universidade, para suprir as lacunas informacionais e adequação as reais necessidades dos deficientes visuais.
Processo de comunicação no ambiente interno de uma indústria: compreensões a partir da análise de conteúdo
Authors: Silva Marcio Ferreira da
Published: July 2016

Introdução: O presente trabalho discute e analisa o processo de comunicação em uma indústria do setor sucroalcooleiro do estado de São Paulo. Visa identificar a compreensão e participação dos agentes mediadores da informação no processo de comunicação.

Metodologia: A pesquisa se apresenta como um estudo de caso. O corpus analisado foi composto por oito entrevistas realizadas em 2013 em uma das 20 maiores indústrias produtoras de álcool em 2010 no estado de São Paulo. Quanto à análise das entrevistas foi utilizada a Análise de Conteúdo.

Resultados: Verificou-se alguns ruídos e problemas quanto ao uso de meios no processo. A participação dos agentes é identificada como fundamental ao fluxo de informação e comunicação formal e informal do ambiente interno da indústria.

Conclusões: Contudo, sugere um olhar mais efetivo sobre os ruídos e barreiras de acesso à informação e suas consequências à indústria. Por fim, se reconhece a ação dos agentes mediadores da informação ou gatekeepers entre os respondentes dos departamentos analisados.
A Memória organizacional nos processos de gestão do conhecimento: um estudo na Universidade Federal do Paraná
Authors: Pereira Maria Olívia Ferreira , Silva Helena de Fátima Nunes , Pinto José Simão de Paula
Published: July 2016

Introdução: A Memória Organizacional permite a identificação, o registro, o uso e reuso de informações e conhecimentos construídos a partir da prática. As Universidades precisam aperfeiçoar as suas práticas relacionadas à utilização e reutilização de informações decorrentes de experiências vivenciadas e aprendidas por elas.

Objetivo: Busca identificar a memória organizacional como um elemento que envolve a representação do conhecimento e da informação como uma prática da Gestão do Conhecimento na Universidade Federal do Paraná.

Metodologia: Estudo de natureza exploratória, apoiado em uma revisão da literatura. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de um questionário online com os funcionários que trabalham na Pró-Reitoria de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação – PRPPG da UFPR.

Resultados: Os resultados apresentam dados sobre a escolaridade do pessoal estudado. É observado que os funcionários percebem a importância da Memória Organizacional, mas ainda não tem consciência da sua relevância como elemento essencial de gestão.

Conclusões: Conclui que a memória organizacional deve ser utilizada como um instrumento que propicia o compartilhamento e reuso do conhecimento corporativo e individual. 
Maturidade em gestão do conhecimento: análise das percepções dos gestores de uma grande empresa de construção civil
Authors: Natale Carlos Henrique Cotta , Neves Jorge Tadeu Ramos , Carvalho Rodrigo Baroni
Published: July 2016

Introdução: A partir da aplicação de um modelo de maturidade em Gestão do Conhecimento (GC), uma empresa pode ser capaz de identificar práticas de GC que podem ser melhoradas e, ou, implantadas.

Objetivo: O objetivo é identificar a percepção dos gestores em relação à maturidade das práticas de gestão do conhecimento em uma grande empresa de construção civil.

Metodologia: Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva qualitativa conduzida em duas etapas com o grupo dos 15 principais gestores (alta administração) por meio de uma entrevista e questionário semiestruturado (100 questões e 6 níveis) lastreado no modelo de maturidade Strategic Knowledge Management Maturity Model (KRUGER; SNYMAN, 2007) 

Resultados: Constatou-se que a empresa está no estágio inicial de GC. O modelo S-KMMM permitiu identificar iniciativas departamentais isoladas e processos de GC que podem ser implantados e, ou, aprimorados.
Conclusões: Observou-se que a aplicação do modelo de maturidade em gestão do conhecimento foi útil para que os gestores da empresa reconhecessem que as práticas de GC correntes são realizadas de maneira isolada, intuitiva e informal. A aplicação do modelo S-KMMM se mostrou válida para avaliação sistemática e alinhamento estratégico das iniciativas organizacionais de GC.
Práticas leitoras em Minas Gerais, século XIX: bibliotecas públicas e a leitura de jornais
Authors: Oliveira Flávia Silvestre , Carvalho Maria Da Conceição
Published: July 2016

 

 

Introdução: O fim da proibição das atividades de impressão no Brasil, em 1808, provocou o aparecimento de grande número de jornais, deflagrando debates políticos e a propagação da prática de leitura informativa e literária.

Objetivo: Investigar a ocorrência de práticas de leitura em Minas Gerais, no século XIX, especialmente a leitura de jornais em bibliotecas públicas das cidades de Ouro Prêto e São João del Rey.

Metodologia: Revisão de literatura sobre História da Leitura, dialogando, sobretudo, com Darnton, Chartier, Abreu, Lajolo e Zilberman. Enquanto estudo com características de micro-história, definiu-se para a coleta de dados jornais publicados naqueles locais, no período, assim como documentos oficiais, e impressões de viajantes estrangeiros. Para a análise dos dados utilizou-se a análise documental.

Resultados: As bibliotecas públicas foram responsáveis por facilitar o acesso dos habitantes da província à prática da leitura, em especial a leitura de jornais. Através das colunas do leitor criou-se um canal de participação política e de sociabilidade entre cidadãos de diferentes cidades do país.

Conclusões: A sociedade mineira do século XIX, como já vinha acontecendo desde os movimentos da Inconfidência, fez da leitura de jornais um ato cotidiano vivido por indivíduos de diferentes classes sociais. Nas bibliotecas e sociedades literárias, como nas praças públicas, jornais e folhetos eram lidos em voz alta para proveito das pessoas mais pobres e iletradas que foram, de alguma forma, socialmente inseridas naquele momento de mudanças sociais e políticas.
A biblioteca na província de Minas Gerais
Authors: Souza Nayara Célia Ribeiro , Venâncio Renato Pinto
Published: July 2016

Introdução: Com a vinda da Família Real e da Corte portuguesa para o Brasil, além do crescimento do hábito de ler e da venda de livros, houve também a criação de instituições, como de biblioteca pública, teatro, imprensa e academias literárias e científicas. Mais especificamente em Minas Gerais, no século XIX, houve na capital da província a criação de bibliotecas.

Objetivo: Baseando-se em um estudo feito por Luiz Antonio Gonçalves da Silva (2010) sobre as bibliotecas brasileiras vistas pelos viajantes no século XIX, pretende-se com este artigo apresentar informações sobre as bibliotecas encontradas em Minas Gerais nesse período.

Metodologia: A metodologia se dá por meio da análise documental mediante leitura, análise e interpretação de periódicos mineiros disponíveis na Hemeroteca Digital Brasileira.

Resultados: Fragmentos que fazem alusão à biblioteca em Minas Gerais foram identificados nos periódicos “O Universal”, “O Astro de Minas”, “Abelha do Itaculumy”, constituindo elementos importantes para constatação do objetivo proposto.

Conclusão: Foi possível constatar que em Minas Gerais houve bibliotecas particulares, públicas, escolares e acadêmicas, sociedades literárias e gabinetes de leitura.
Bibliotecas Públicas: políticas do estado de Minas Gerais (1983-2012)
Authors: Ferraz Marina Nogueira , Sirihal Duarte Adriana B , Costa Mirian Ferreira
Published: July 2016

Introdução: Trata-se de uma pesquisa de cunho qualitativo que descreve e analisa as políticas para bibliotecas públicas de Minas Gerais, visando compreender os possíveis avanços e retrocessos destas políticas no período de 1983 a 2012. Justifica-se esta investigação na medida em que pesquisar as bibliotecas públicas dentro do contexto das políticas públicas poderá servir como um suporte importante para que os gestores públicos programem novas ações, contribuindo para o estudo do papel social da informação e das políticas culturais no campo da Ciência da Informação.

Objetivos: Tem como objetivos específicos identificar as políticas governamentais para bibliotecas públicas por meio de atos legais e documentos administrativos; conhecer a implementação real de tais políticas por meio de depoimentos e acompanhar os possíveis avanços ou retrocessos proporcionados pelas políticas implementadas para as bibliotecas públicas.

Metodologia: A metodologia utilizada foi a análise documental, por meio da análise de conteúdo dos documentos, e também a realização de entrevistas semi-estruturadas com gestores da Superintendência de Bibliotecas Públicas de Minas Gerais.

Resultados: Os dados foram classificados em categorias de análise, a saber: marcos legais, rede de bibliotecas, relação estado-União, relação estados-municípios, papel do bibliotecário, capacitação e eventos, comunicação, financiamento, Políticas de Estado ou de Governo e Plano Estadual do Livro e Leitura.
Conclusões: Ao final, verificou-se que as políticas para bibliotecas públicas em Minas Gerais têm avançado, ainda que timidamente, e que as políticas já realizadas configuram-se, sobremaneira, como políticas de Governo, e não como políticas de Estado.
Determination of Mercury Accumulation Factor in Hard Clam (Meretrix lyrata) at Bach Dang Estuary, Viet Nam
Authors: Sinh Le Xuan
Published: July 2016

Bach Dang estuary (Hai Phong City) is one of the developed economic centers of Hai Phong city with abundance of natural resources. At the Bach Dang estuary, waste sources of mercury compounds discharge from the industrial sources, transportation sources, port, agricultural sources and living sources. Two forms of mercury: total mercury and methyl mercury in the water at the Bach Dang estuary are lower than the allowable limit. Bioaccumulation factor (BAF) of total mercury in hard clam Meretrix lyrata is 307 and that one of methyl mercury is 165,000.
Ecological Landscape Planning and Design Strategies for Mangrove Communities (Hara Forests) in South-Pars Special Economic Energy Zone, Asalouyeh- Iran
Authors: Masnavi Mohammad R. , Amani Neda , Ahmadzadeh Ali
Published: July 2016

Along with the strategic role of Asalouyeh region as an industrial zone in recent decades, there have been some growing problems regarding the ecosystems of the region due to the heavy activities such as petrochemical, industrial, transportation and related development in the area. The major region of Mangrove communities in the Persian Gulf that contains some unique ecotones has established a dynamic sustainable ecosystem integrating the relationship between sea and plateau ecosystems. It is also considered as a rich habitat for the creatures in flood and Ebb conditions. Therefore, taking in to account the increasing process of ecological destruction in the existing specific protected regions- especially the Mangrove communities, it is essential to study the structural relationships between landscape elements and patches in order to balance the ecological, social relationships as well as the environmental remediation based on the preservation of ecological structures. This study tries to examine the ecological role of Mangrove communities and their habitat to introduce the threatening factors in the "South Pars Special Economic Energy Zone" and then it suggests some strategies for ecological planning and design for protecting Mangrove communities in the area i.e. storm water management, protection and development of degraded habitats and phytoremediation, to create a framework for eco-tourism and Sustainable Development in the region.
Threatened Health in Women: A Qualitative Study on the Wives of War Veterans with Post-Traumatic Stress
Authors: Akoondzadeh Golbahar , Ebadi Abbas , Nouhi Esmat , Hojjati Hamid
Published: July 2016

INTRODUCTION & AIM: Post-traumatic stress disorder causes distress and dysfunction in the life of the wives of veterans, which causes physical and mental health problems with the continuation of life. This study examined the life experiences of wives of war veterans with post-traumatic stress.MATERIALS & METHODS: This qualitative study using qualitative content analysis with the participation of 16 wives of war veterans with post-traumatic stress in Golestan province in Iran was conducted in 2015. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews and by purposive sampling and continued until data saturation. Data analysis was done continuously and simultaneously with data collection by content analysis method.FINDINGS: Four main categories and nine sub-categories including mental health (mental health problems and the memories), physical function (physical injuries and sleep disorders), captivity in life (humiliation, lack of independence in life), isolation (impairment in social interaction), dysfunction life (damage to the sons, the defect in family interactions) were the main findings of this study, which causes health threats.CONCLUSION: Spouses of veterans have many problems in their daily lives and caregivers by understanding their needs and enhancing information systems, and social support can improve the function of their life.
The Effectiveness of Music on Quality of Life and Anxiety Symptoms in the Post Traumatic Stress Disorder in Bustan Hospital of Ahvaz City
Authors: Jasemi Zergani Ebtesam , Naderi Farah
Published: July 2016

The present study aims at investigating the effectiveness of music on quality of life and anxiety symptoms of the veterans with post traumatic stress disorder in Bustan hospital of Ahvaz City. 40 persons were selected by simple random sampling method from the aforementioned population. The research design was an experimental one of type pretest-posttest with control group. Quality of Life inventory SF-36 (2005) and Spielberger Anxiety inventory (2005) were used for collecting the data. After selecting groups randomly, pretest was implemented on both experiment group (20 persons) and control group (20 persons). Then, music therapy intervention was implemented on the experiment group during 20 sessions each of which with 45 minutes. At the end of subject program, both groups were given posttest. Data were analyzed by using the multivariate covariance analysis. Results showed that presenting music can affect quality of life and anxiety symptoms of the veterans with posttraumatic stress disorders and this effect remained stable after one month of follow-up. Therefore, presenting music can be effective in treating the veterans with stress disorders after the accident.
Sacrifício e quase-acontecimento: apontamentos sobre a visibilidade da luta pela terra dos povos indígenas Guarani e Kaiowa (Sacrifice and quasi event: notes on the visibility of the indigenous people Guarani and Kaiowa struggle over land)
Authors: Oliveira Luciana De , Benites Tonico , Neto Rui De Oliveira
Published: July 2016

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir os entrecruzamentos entre o conceito de quase-acontecimento, a lógica do sacrifício e a constituição de disputas políticas no seio de uma cultura  participativa. Toma como ponto de partida empírico o caso da visibilidade da luta pela terra conquistada pelos povos Guarani e Kaiowa em 2012, buscando identificar os mecanismos acionadores do debate público para uma análise sobre sua configuração e saldos políticos.

 

Abstract

This article aims to discuss the intersections between the concept of quasi event, the sacrifice's logic and the constitution of political disputes within participatory culture. Starting from the case of  the visibility of Guarani and Kaiowa's land struggle conquered in 2012, it seeks to identify the public debate's catalytic mechanisms in order to analyses its configuration and political results.

Keywords: Quasi event. Sacrifice. Public debate. Participatory culture. Guarani e Kaiowa.
Modelos de desenvolvimento, economia política e a questão do negro no Brasil. Entre choros e risos (Models of development, Political Economy and the Negro Question in Brazil. Between cries and laughter)
Authors: Siqueira José Jorge
Published: July 2016

Este artigo faz uma reflexão sobre as relações possíveis entre os modelos de desenvolvimento, a economia política como pensada no Brasil e a questão do negro neste país. Ocupa lugar central nas análises o conceito de “subdesenvolvimento” face à exclusão social das grandes massas populacionais da nação, atravessando tal exclusão as questões relacionadas à discriminação e ao preconceito racial.

 

Abstract

It is a reflection on the possible links between the models of development, political economy as thought in Brazil and the Negro question in this country. Occupies a central place in the analysis the concepto of “underdevelopment” face social exclusion of large population groups, through such exclusion issues related to discrimination and racial prejudice.

Keywords: Models of development. Political economy in Brazil. Negro question.

 
Playing below the poverty line: Investigating an online game as a way to reduce prejudice toward the poor
Authors: Roussos Gina , Dovidio John F.
Published: July 2016

A plethora of research indicates that viewing media can reduce prejudice. Emerging work on computer gaming shows that games can also influence social attitudes. The present studies investigated the influence of an interactive computer game about living in poverty on attitudes and beliefs about the poor. Playing the poverty game was compared to playing a control game and merely observing the poverty game. In Study 1, playing an interactive poverty game did not influence attitudes while watching someone else play the game increased positive attitudes, empathic concern, and support for government-funded anti-poverty policies. In Study 2, meritocracy beliefs moderated the influence of the game; people lower in meritocracy showed less positive attitudes toward the poor after playing the poverty game. This effect was mediated by an increase in the belief that poverty is personally controllable. Future directions for and implications of studying the unique intergroup effects of games are discussed.
Health anxiety and Internet use: A thematic analysis
Authors: Singh Karmpaul , Fox John R. E. , Brown Richard J.
Published: July 2016

The current study aimed to obtain health anxious students’ perspectives on their reasons for using the Internet to obtain health information, and the nature and effects of such usage. Data were gathered using semi-structured interviews with 20 postgraduate and undergraduate students identified as highly health anxious, and were examined using thematic analysis. Results suggested that themes were organized by different stages of the search process. Reasons for searching included curiosity, anxiety/worry about undiagnosed symptoms, and remedy-seeking. Both positive (e.g. reassurance) and negative (e.g. uncertainty) outcomes were reported. Findings from the current study suggest that the Internet constitutes an important resource for obtaining health information by health anxious individuals, with the potential to both reduce and exacerbate health anxiety.
Thinspiration vs. thicksperation: Comparing pro-anorexic and fat acceptance image posts on a photo-sharing site
Authors: Marcus Sarah-Rose
Published: July 2016

This study is among the first to compare the social media content of these two online communities related to body image: The pro-anorexic community and the fat acceptance community. I used a content analysis of 800 Instagram posts and compared how both communities conveyed their social identities and provided social support. I found that fat acceptance members identified with their community through hashtags related to positivity and self-love, while pro-anorexics identified with their community through posts related to “thinspiration” and negativity. Members of the fat acceptance community distinguished against outsiders by attempting to reframe beauty, while members of the pro-anorexic community distinguished against outsiders by arguing with recovered anorexics. Lastly, both communities provided support by complimenting users’ appearances and providing informational resources on how to maintain one’s body image. Members of the pro-anorexic community also circulated network support by promoting the weight-loss buddy system of “ana buddies.” I propose for future researchers to triangulate these findings with interviews and ethnographic studies to further understand community values. This knowledge provides useful insight into the way in which stigmatized communities use technology to maintain their social identities and enhance their support.
Memória, testemunho e escrita da história nos arquivos da ditadura militar brasileira
Authors: Mendes Breno
Published: July 2016

Neste artigo faço uma reflexão sobre o problema da memória e do testemunho para a escrita das histórias contidas no Arquivo da Comissão Especial sobre mortos e desaparecidos organizado pela Secretaria Especial dos Direitos Humanos da Presidência da República. No princípio, há uma discussão sobre a relação entre memória e história. Em seguida, desenvolvo e aplico a teoria do testemunho do filósofo francês Paul Ricoeur. Por fim, abordo a escrita da história como uma das maneiras de atribuir sentido à morte.
"Como encadear a vida depois disso?": memória e esquecimento em No exílio, de Elisa Lispector
Authors: Pereira Patrícia Resende
Published: July 2016

Neste artigo, procura-se investigar a maneira como o trauma se faz presente no romance No exílio, escrito por Elisa Lispector e publicado em 1948. A obra tem como protagonista Lizza, uma garota que precisa fugir da Rússia, sua terra natal, ao lado da família, em razão dos violentos ataques conduzidos pelos pogroms contra os judeus, durante a Revolução de Outubro de 1917. Depois de passar por diversos vilarejos da Europa, Lizza e sua família conseguem chegar ao Brasil, mas, ao contrário do que se esperava, a personagem central continua vivendo o trauma. Assim sendo, neste trabalho, investigar-se-á, tendo como base a noção de memória coletiva, a maneira como Lizza e sua família conseguem manter os costumes e as tradições do povo judeu, enquanto fogem dos ataques dos pogroms e como a protagonista, já no Brasil, passa a viver o trauma, ainda que esteja em segurança, longe do perigo vivido.
The Power of Stories for Valuing Our Profession
Authors: Burlingame Gary A.
Published: July 2016

We must all be storytellers, sharing our experiences in the water community, to help recruit new professionals to work in water.
Incorporation of particles into the bulk of expanded polystyrene foam using physical vapour deposition technologies
Authors: Varnagiris Šarūnas , Donėlienė Jolanta , Tučkutė Simona , Vonžodas Tomas , Lelis Martynas , Milčius Darius
Published: July 2016

Expanded polystyrene foam (EPS) is used for various applications because of its significant properties (low weight, low cost, good thermal insulation, etc.). However, some of EPS characteristics should be improved. Because of this, additional materials are incorporated into polystyrene. This article presents the results of particles incorporation into EPS bulk using physical vapour deposition (PVD). TiO2 was used as an additional material, which was incorporated into EPS foam. Non-expanded polystyrene beads were used as a  substrate. These beads were treated with argon plasma in order to achieve better surface adhesion. Plasma was generated at 1 × 10–1 mbar pressure using a pulsed DC power source (frequency 20 kHz, voltage 400 V). Particles were deposited on the surface of non-expanded polystyrene beads. Titanium cathode was used as a primary material. The formation of particles was done using magnetron sputtering in reactive atmosphere. The mixture of argon and oxygen gas was used in order to form TiO2 particles (argon 82%, oxygen 18%). Vacuum pressure was 6 × 10–3 mbar during the particles formation process (power during deposition 240 W). Results showed that TiO2 particles were formed on the surface of non-expanded polystyrene beads. These particles remained stable after expansion of beads and compounded in onepiece foam of EPS. Particles were distributed uniformly in all bulk of EPS and remained in place even after flame torch induced heat resistance experiments. The  modified EPS also showed photocatalytic activity during the bleaching of methylene blue (MB) aqueous solution under UV-B irradiation.
Selection of substrate material for hybrid microwave integrated circuits (HMICs)
Authors: Gupta Navneet , Mishra Abhinav
Published: July 2016

This paper presents systematic approach of material selection for substrate material in hybrid microwave integrated circuits (HMICs). The  performance of HMICs starts deteriorating at microwave frequencies because the  circuit dimensions become comparable to the wavelength. So, it is important to design HMICs in such a way that its performance remains unaffected even at high frequencies. One way to fulfil this requirement is to fabricate a  proper device. For this, substrate material in HMICs plays an important role. But there are different types of materials available which can be used as substrate material of HMICs. The commonly reported materials are: Silicon (Si), Gallium Arsenide (GaAs), Indium Phosphide (InP), Alumina (Al2O3), Beryllia, Fused Silica, Sapphire, Woven PTFF/ Glass, PTFE/Glass, Polyolefin, and Ferrite/Granite. As each material is having its own advantages and limitations; therefore, it is important to choose the best possible material out of all possible materials. For this purpose two decision making techniques are used. Firstly, Ashby’s approach as the Multi-Objective Decision Making (MODM) technique is used, and then the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) as the Multiple Attribute Decision Making (MADM) technique is used. Ashby’s approach provides effective material selection technique to select the  best material based on their material and performance indices for better device performance. While TOPSIS approach is a decision making approach which is basically used to determine the  best alternative which should have the shortest Euclidean distance (S*) from the ideal solution (A*) and the largest Euclidean distance (S-) from the negative ideal solution (A-). For MICs, the material indices considered and evaluated are surface roughness, relative dielectric constant, loss tangent, thermal conductivity, and dielectric strength. It is observed that Sapphire followed by high-purity Alumina (99.5 percent pure or better) are good candidates for substrate material in hybrid MICs. The  surface roughness of Sapphire is better than that of Alumina, though the  dielectric strength of both these materials is the  same. A comparison between two different methods for material selection shows consistency between the  two methods of material selection. Both methodologies show that Sapphire is the  most suitable substrate material for hybrid MICs.
Globuligerina oxfordiana (Grigelis, 1958) – revision of the first planktonic foraminifera discovered in the Upper Jurassic of Lithuania
Authors: Grigelis Algimantas
Published: July 2016

The article presents the self-revision and re-description of the first planktonic foraminifera Globuligerina oxfordiana (Grigelis, 1958) discovered in the Upper Jurassic of Lithuania. The original article published in 1958 in a Russian periodical (Moscow) is translated, supplied by additional comments, and illustrated by SEM laser electronic micrographs.
Ryan Szpiech. Conversion and Narrative: Reading and Religious Authority in Medieval Polemic
Authors: Limor Ora
Published: July 2016

No abstract is available.
OnGraX: A Web-Based System for the Collaborative Visual Analysis of Graphs
Authors: Zimmer Björn , Kerren Andreas
Published: July 2016

The visual analysis of complex networks is a challenging task in many fields, such as systems biology or social sciences. Often, various domain experts work together to improve the analysis time or the quality of the analysis results. Collaborative visualization tools can facilitate the analysis process in such situations. We propose a new web-based visualization environment which supports distributed, synchronous and asynchronous collaboration. In addition to standard collaboration features like event tracking or synchronizing, our client/server-based system provides a rich set of visualization and interaction techniques for better navigation and overview of the input network. Changes made by specific analysts or even just visited network elements are highlighted on demand by heat maps. They enable us to visualize user behavior data without affecting the original graph visualization, are robust against layout changes, and are user-sensitive in a sense that the current analyst is able to perceive which changes were made by others in asynchronous collaboration. In case of synchronous collaboration, an analyst can see where and what others are currently analyzing in the network visualization. Thus, our approach addresses critical collaborative visualization challenges, for instance, awareness and coordination of user activities or pointing to interesting objects. We evaluated the usability of the heat map approach against two alternatives in a controlled user experiment. In addition, the results of a domain expert review are described in this article.