bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Air oxidation of the kerogen/asphaltene vanadyl porphyrins: An electron spin resonance study
Authors: Premovic Pavle , Tonsa Ivana , Djordjevic Dragan , Pavlovic Mirjana
Published: June 2018

The thermal behavior of vanadyl porphyrins was studied by electron spin
resonance during heating of kerogens, isolated from the La Luna (Venezuela)
and Serpiano (Switzerland) bituminous rocks, at 250?C for 1 to 20 days in
the presence of air. During the thermal treatment of the kerogens, the
vanadyl porphyrins resonance signals decrease monotonically and become quite
small after 6 days of heating. Concomitantly, new vanadyl signals appear
and, at longer heating times, dominate the spectrum. It is suggested that
the secondary vanadyl species must have been formed from vanadyl porphyrins.
Similar conversions of vanadyl porphyrins are observed under the same
experimental conditions for asphaltenes extracted from the La Luna and
Serpiano rocks, and floating asphalt from the Dead Sea (Israel). A
comparison of the spin-Hamiltonian parameters for vanadyl porphyrins and the
vanadyl compounds obtained during pyrolysis of the kerogens/asphaltenes
suggests that the latter are of a non-porphyrin type. For comparison a study
was conducted on Western Kentucky No. 9 coal enriched with vanadium (>400
ppm) from six mines. All the coal samples show only the presence of
predominant by non-porphyrin vanadyl compounds, similar to those generated
through laboratory heating of the kerogens/asphaltenes in air. In addition,
some samples also contain a minor amount of vanadyl porphyrins.
Investigation of prostate specific antigen glycosylation
Authors: Marinovic Vesna , Cuperlovic Margita
Published: June 2018

In the present work, prostate specific antigen (PSA) glycosylation was
examined by lectin affinity methods. The results obtained indicated that
PSA purified from human seminal plasma contained at least one bianntenary
N-linked oligosaccharide chain, which was composed of the monosaccharides
manose, galactose, N-acetylgalactosamine, fucose and sialic acid. No
O-linked carbohydrate chains were detected.
Inter-protein bonding and other molecular interactions in hen egg white
Authors: Vuckovic Marija , Radojcic Marija , Milosavljevic Bratoljub
Published: June 2018

The analysis of the SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) data,
combined with the comparison of viscosity data corresponding to the thin
fraction of hen egg white and 2 mM purefied ovalbumin solution, showed that
the thin fraction is a protein solution. Dissolution of the thick fraction of
hen egg white in SD Sandurea solutions followed by SDS-PAGE, in the presence or
absence of b-mercaptoethanol, revealed that it is a protein gel. It was also
found that the gel structure consists of the three-dimensional ovomucine-
ovomucoid network (matrix) held together by S.S bridges which captures the
rest of the proteins (ovalbumin, conalbumin, etc). The captured proteins can
also be interconnected by S.S bridges thus forming agglomerates or
conglomerates, but they are predominantly held by weak electrostatic
interactions, as demonstrated by the washing out and dissolving experiments.
The matrix structure does not prevent denaturation of the captured proteins
as indecated by the 50% decrease in turbidity following gel swelling by the
addition of 1 part of an8Murea solution to 9 parts of the gel.
The preparation and characterization of uns-cis-(ethylene-diamine-N,N'-di-3-propionato)(N-alkylethylenediamines)cobalt(III) complexes
Authors: Sabo Tibor , Grguric Sanja
Published: June 2018

Three octahedral cobalt(III) complexes of the general formula
uns-cis-[Co(eddp)(R- en)]Cl.2H2O, where eddp = the tetradentate ONNO-type
ligand ethylenediamine-N,N'-di-3-propionate and R-en = a bidentate NN-type
ligand, either N-methyl, N-ethyl or N-isopropylethylenediamine. The
complexes were prepared by the reaction of sodium uns-cis-
(ethylenediamine-N,N'-di-3-propionato)(carbonato)cobaltate(III)dihydrate
with the corresponding diamine. They were isolated chromatographically and
characterized by elemental analysis, infrared and electronic absorption
spectroscopy.
Investigation of the effect of organic solvents on kinetic parameters in metal catalyzed reactions
Authors: Trifkovic Ljiljana , Milovanovic Gordana
Published: June 2018

The effects of acetone and acetonitrile on the kinetic parameters of azorubin
S oxidation by hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by manganese(II), pyrocatechol
violet oxidation by hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by copper(II), and
carminic acid oxidation by hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by copper(II) and
activated by bifenox, were examined. It was established that the examined
solvents exhibit various effects on the kinetic parameters of the above said
reactions. In all instances a change in the solvent concentration affects
both the enthalpy and the entropy contributions to the free activation
energy during the transition of the system into the active state, as well as
the constant of the active complex formed at this point.
Structure and function of yeast alcohol dehydrogenase
Authors: Trivic Svetlana , Leskovac Vladimir
Published: June 2018

1. Introduction 2. Isoenzymes of YADH 3. Substrate specificity 4. Kinetic
mechanism 5. Primary structure 6. The active site 7. Mutations in the yeast
enzyme 8. Chemical mechanism 9. Binding of coenzymes 10. Hydride transfer

 This article has been corrected. Link to the correction 10.2298/JSC0008609E
Fourier transform infrared and electron spin resonance examinations of kerogen from the gunflint stromatolitic cherts (Middle Precambrian, Ontario, Canada) and related materials
Authors: Premovic Pavle , Nikolic Goran , Premovic Miroslav , Tonsa Ivana
Published: June 2018

Kerogen occurrences in stromatolitic cherts from the Middle Precambrian
Gunflint Formation and related rocks have been investigated by the use of
elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared and electron spin resonance
spectroscopies. Particular attention was paid to the structural properties of
the Schreiber kerogen to allow comparison with biologically controlled
kerogens from Paleozoic carbonaceous rocks. The low atomic H/C ratios (0.5)
of the Schreiber kerogen indicates that this material has reached a high
level of maturity. The Fourier transform infrared/electron spin resonance
examinations revealed that the Schreiber kerogen contains predominantly
aromatic/polyaromatic structures similar to those found in mature kerogens
from Paleozoic carbonaceous rocks. The evidence from this organogeochemical
comparison indicates that the Schreiber kerogen and mature kerogens from
Paleozoic/Mesozoic carbonaceous rocks have sufficient similarity to suggest a
similar origin. Consequently, this work gives strong support to the
hypothesis that if the Schreiber kerogen is of biotic origin than it is
derived from the remnants of various microbial organisms (mainly
phytoplanktons) including a minor contribution of subtidal
(stromatolite-building) cyanobacteria.
A study of the IR spectra of copigments formed by malvin chloride with flavones
Authors: Mioc Ubavka , Dimitric-Markovic Jasmina , Baranac Jelisaveta
Published: June 2018

Research into the essence of the process of copigmentation of anthocyan
molecules was continued by applying IR spectroscopy, in an attempt to
elucidate the formation mechanism of copigment molecules between malvin
chloride and several variously substituted flavones. Analysis of the IR
spectra of the formed copigments revealed that the process of copigmentation
is achieved via the formation of hydrogen bonds. The strength of the formed
hydrogen bonds was correlated with the equilibrium constants of the
processes of copigmentation of these molecules. The found correlation was in
accordance with the supposed mechanism of the copigmentation reaction.
An investigation of the Fe 3+ - sulphonated pyrogallol system in aqueous solutions
Authors: Pjescic M.G. , Veselinovic D.S. , Komnenic V.P. , Draskovic I.V.
Published: June 2018

The electrochemical behaviour of the Fe 3+ -sulphonated pyrogallol (SP)
complex was investigated and its composition and stability constants were
determinated at pH 2.30. It was found by voltammetric and spectrophotometric
measurements that Fe 3+ and SP form a complex of the ML2 type, which is
relatively stable during the first 30 minutes. The optimal pH value for
complex formation is between 2.30 and 2.80. The relative stability constants
determined by voltammetric and spectrophotometric measurements are log ?2 =
5.08?0.26 and log ?2 = 6.31 ?0.04, respectively.
The products of selenite hydrothermal treatment in lithium chloride solutions
Authors: Marinkovic Slobodanka , Kostic-Pulek Aleksandra , Djuricic Mirjana
Published: June 2018

Selenite was boiled in LiCl solutions of different concentrations (1 M, 2 M,
3 M, 4 M and 5M) at the respective boiling temperatures and atmospheric
pressure. The products were subjected to X-ray diffraction analysis,
qualitative infrared analysis, differential thermal analysis,
thermogravimetric analysis and microscopic examination. The product obtained
in the 1 M LiCl solution was the ?-form of calcium sulphate hemihydrate
(?-CaSO4.0.5H2O). In more concentrated LiCl solutons, 2M and 3 M, the ?-form
of calcium sulphate hemihydrate (?-CaSO4.0.5H2O) was formed. The product
obtained in the 4MLiCl solution was also the ?-form of calcium sulphate
hemihydrate, only mixed with the ?-form of calcium sulphate (?-CaSO4).
Finally, in the 5 M LiCl solution the ?-form of calcium sulphate or
?-anhydrite was formed.
Extraction of calcium from water into nitrobenzene using strontium dicarbollylcobaltate in the presence of 18-crown-6
Authors: Danková Marcela , Makrlík Emanuel , Vanura Petr
Published: June 2018

From extraction experiments and g-activity measurements, the extraction
constant corresponding to the equilibrium Ca 2+ (aq)+ SrL 2+ (nb) === CaL
2+ (nb) + Sr 2+ (aq) taking place in the two-phase water-nitrobenzene
system(L= 18-crown-6, aq = aqueous phase, nb = nitrobenzene phase) was
evaluated as log Kex(Ca 2+, SrL 2+) = -1.9 ?0.1. Furthermore, the
stability constant of the calcium - 18-crown-6 complex in nitrobenzene
saturated with water was calculated for the temperature of 25?C: log bnb (CaL
2+)=10.1?0.1.
A new variable neighborhood search approach for solving dynamic memory allocation problem
Authors: Ivanovic Marija , Savic Aleksandar , Urosevic Dragan , Dugosija Djordje
Published: June 2018

This paper is devoted to the Dynamic Memory Allocation Problem (DMAP) in embedded systems. The existing Integer Linear Programing (ILP) formulation for DMAP is improved, and given that there are several metaheuristic approaches for solving the DMAP, a new metaheuristic approach is proposed and compared with the former ones. Computational results show that our new heuristic approach outperforms the best algorithm found in the literature regarding quality and running times.
Neoplasms Reported With Liraglutide or Placebo in People With Type 2 Diabetes: Results From the LEADER Randomized Trial
Authors: Nauck Michael A. , Jensen Thomas Jon , Rosenkilde Carina , Calanna Salvatore , Buse John B. ,   the LEADER Publication Committee on behalf of the LEADER Trial Investigators
Published: June 2018

OBJECTIVE

This study explored neoplasm risk with liraglutide versus placebo in the LEADER (Liraglutide Effect and Action in Diabetes: Evaluation of Cardiovascular Outcome Results) cohort.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

LEADER (NCT01179048) was an international, phase 3b, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial. Participants aged ≥50 years with type 2 diabetes and high cardiovascular risk were assigned 1:1 to receive liraglutide (≤1.8 mg daily; n = 4,668) or placebo (n = 4,672) in addition to standard care and monitored for 3.5–5 years (median follow-up 3.8 years). The occurrence of neoplasms was a prespecified, exploratory secondary end point. Post hoc analyses of the time to the first confirmed neoplasms were conducted using a Cox regression model.

RESULTS

Neoplasm was confirmed in 10.1% of patients with liraglutide versus 9.0% with placebo (hazard ratio [HR] 1.12 [95% CI 0.99; 1.28]). The HR (95% CI) for liraglutide versus placebo was 1.06 (0.90; 1.25) for malignant neoplasms and 1.16 (0.93; 1.44) for benign neoplasms. Sensitivity analyses excluding neoplasms occurring <1 year or <2 years after randomization and analyses by sex provided similar results. In our main analyses, the 95% CI for the HR included one for all malignant neoplasms evaluated (including pancreatic and thyroid neoplasms) except for prostate neoplasms, which occurred in fewer liraglutide-treated patients.

CONCLUSIONS

LEADER was not primarily designed to assess neoplasm risk. Firm conclusions cannot be made regarding numeric imbalances observed for individual neoplasm types (e.g., pancreatic cancer) that occurred infrequently. LEADER data do, however, exclude a major increase in the risk of total malignant neoplasms with liraglutide versus placebo. Additional studies are needed to assess longer-term exposure.
Microstructure and mechanical properties of laser-welded joints of Ti-22Al-25Nb/Ti-6Al-4V dissimilar titanium alloys
Authors: Xiong Lingda , Mi Gaoyang , Wang Chunming
Published: June 2018

Laser welding was applied to join 2-mm-thick dissimilar titanium alloys, Ti-22Al-25Nb (at. %) and Ti-6Al-4V (wt. %). Defect-free joints were obtained. The microstructures and mechanical properties of the welded joints were investigated. The results showed that the fusion zone mainly consisted of B2 phase and martensite α′ phase. The heat-affected zone microstructures of Ti-22Al-25Nb and Ti-6Al-4V were different because of the different base metal. The heat-affected zone of Ti-22Al-25Nb mainly consisted of B2 phase, O phase, and α2 phase, whereas the heat-affected zone of Ti-6Al-4V mainly consisted of α phase, β phase, and martensite α′ phase. EDS (Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy) results showed that the element distribution of each titanium alloy heat-affected zone and fusion zone was similar without an obvious change. Due to severe agitation, the element distribution was even. Different microstructures in different heat-affected zones resulted in an unsymmetrical hardness distribution. The hardness of fusion zone was the lowest of around 300 HV when the hardness of Ti-6Al-4V heat-affected zone near fusion zone was the highest of around 400 HV due to the influence of martensite α′ phase. In tensile tests performed at room temperature and 650 °C, the tensile strength of the joint reached 1057 and 363 MPa, respectively. Both these joints fractured at the fusion zone.
Influencing factors on humping effect in laser welding with small aspect ratios
Authors: Patschger Andreas , Seiler Michael , Bliedtner Jens
Published: June 2018

In the present work, the humping phenomenon is investigated regarding various influencing factors such as volume flow rate, power level, focal diameter, welding situation, material thickness, and thermophysical material properties by means of three-dimensional microscopy inspection, high-speed imaging, and micro-cross sections. Due to applied small focal diameters and shallow weld depths, the results are in particular suitable to welding with small aspect ratios and a predominant horizontal melt flow field. Differences in welding situations caused by two-dimensional and three-dimensional heat conduction are clarified using various material thicknesses. Additionally, influences on onset of humping effect in welds with root fusion and incomplete penetration are compared. Stainless steel, nickel, and titanium are used as specimens in order to point out the influence of thermophysical material properties. Using the example of stainless steel, a functional description of the humping threshold feed rate is introduced based on the volume flow rate and compared qualitatively to the other materials. Finally, the influence of power level, focal diameter, and material thickness on onset of humping is clarified.
“¿Qué pretende usted de mí­?” Enfrentando obstáculos en las entrevistas a elites en una investigación sobre los senadores nacionales argentinos
Authors: Levita Gabriel
Published: June 2018

Este artí­culo está basado en mi experiencia personal entrevistando a miembros de las elites polí­ticas en el marco de mi investigación doctoral sobre las trayectorias sociales de los senadores nacionales argentinos que ocuparon sus bancas entre 2001 y 2011. El desarrollo de la experiencia en el trabajo de campo muestra los avatares y dificultades que los escritos metodológicos sobre entrevistas a elites señalan, tales como los problemas de acceso y las diferencias de poder que dan al entrevistado gran control de la situación. El trabajo narra las formas en que esos obstáculos debieron ser sorteados para producir conocimiento válido y significativo. Además, sostengo la importancia del diseño de investigación flexible para readecuar las estrategias en el terreno, incorporando otros métodos como la observación y el uso de fuentes secundarias. La discusión de estas cuestiones puede ayudar a otros investigadores que trabajen sobre elites a realizar un mejor diseño de investigación y a conducir su trabajo de campo más satisfactoriamente.
Contra el auto-servicio normativo: una breve lectura jurídico-política de Pierre Legendre
Authors: Rosler Andrés
Published: June 2018

Este trabajo contiene una muy breve descripción del razonamiento dogmático en los términos de Pierre Legendre, haciendo hincapié en su relevancia para la teoría política y del derecho.
La justicia, su interpretación
Authors: Parra Lorena , Lagunas Paula
Published: June 2018

En este escrito se aborda la noción de autoridad, la relevancia de la interpretación en el campo de la Justicia y sus consecuencias en el terreno de la subjetividad. Se relata una situación clínica que pone de manifiesto el posible uso de la ley por un analista, precisando la acción lacaniana, como vía para dar lugar a la singularidad.
La bestia negra de todo teoría de la justicia
Authors: Rodríguez Gabriela
Published: June 2018

Un extraño antagonista sale al paso en la argumentación de la teoría de la justica de John Rawls cuando intenta excluir a la envidia de su sistema de justicia, se trata de Sigmund Freud quién encuentra envidia transformada a la base de la pasión igualitaria que nutre los sentimientos de justicia, minando los argumentos que sostiene la ficción original de la empresa rawlsiana.
Improved Mathematical Model of Polluted Insulators nonlinear behaviour Under AC Voltage Based on Experimental Tests
Authors: Palangar MousalrezaFaramarzi , Mirzaie Mohammad
Published: June 2018

Abstract—In this paper, an improved mathematical model for flashover behavior of polluted insulators is proposed based on experimental tests. In order to determine the flashover model of polluted insulators, the relationship between conductivity and salinity of solution pollution layer of the insulator is measured. Then, the leakage of current amplitude of four common insulators versus axial, thermal conductivity and arc constants temperature was determined. The experimental tests show that top leakage distance (TLd) to bottom leakage distance (BLd) ratio of insulators has a significant effect on critical voltage and current. Therefore, critical voltage and current were modeled by TLd to BLd ratio Index (M). Also, salinity of solution pollution layer of the insulators has been applied to this model by resistance pollution parameter. On the other hand, arc constants of each insulator in new model have been identified based on experimental results. Finally, a mathematical model is intended for critical voltage against salinity of solution pollution layer of different insulators. This model depends on insulator profile. There is a good agreement between the experimental tests of pollution insulators obtained in the laboratory and values calculated from the mathematical models developed in the present study.
A Study on the Oxygen Percent and the Crystalline Structure of Silver Nanoparticles Obtained by Electrochemical Method
Authors: Parhizgar Sara Sadat , Sibouyeh S.
Published: June 2018

In this paper silver nanoparticles (NPs) which are synthesized by a simple plasma arc discharge method, that is a kind of electrochemical methods, are examined. The method is very simple and silver NPs are obtained very fast by means of two polished silver plates and electrochemical cell. The effects of changing some terms of the experiment including using Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), temperature and the medium of experiment on oxygen percent and crystalline structure of silver NPs have been studied by transmission electron microscopy, UV-visible spectrophotometery, and X-ray diffraction. Water medium gets larger nanoparticles with less oxygen content compare to air medium. The size of synthesized nanoparticles become smaller and they also become more spherical by using H2O2 in air medium. In water medium, the size and concentration of the silver crystallite increase by temperature growth and adding H2O2  respectively.
Characterization and Applications of Diamond-like Nanocomposites: A Brief Review
Authors: Adhikary Kalyan , Das Sayan , De Debasish , Mondal Anup , Gangopadhyay Utpal , Jana Sukhendu
Published: June 2018

Diamond-like Nanocomposites (DLN) is a newly member in amorphous carbon (a:C) family. It consists of two or more interpenetrated atomic scale network structure. The amorphous silicon oxide (a:SiO) is incorporated within diamond-like carbon (DLC) matrix i.e. a:CH and both the network is interpenetrated by Si-C bond. Hence, the internal stress of deposited DLN film decreases remarkably compare to DLC. The diamond like properties has come due to deform tetrahedral carbon with sp3 configuration and high ratio of sp3 to sp2 bond. The DLN has excellent mechanical, electrical, optical and tribological properties. Those the properties of DLN could be varied over a wide range by changing deposition parameters, precursor and even post deposition treatment also. The range of properties are : Resistivity 10-4 to 1014 Ωcm, hardness 10–22 GPa, coefficient of friction 0.03-0.2, wear factor 0.2-0.4 10-7mm3/Nm, transmission Vis-far IR, modulus of elasticity 150-200 GPa, residual stress 200-300 Mpa, Dielectric constant 3-9 and maximum operating temperature 6000C in oxygen environment and 12000C in O2 free air. Generally, the PECVD method is used to synthesis the DLN film. The most common procedures used for investigation of structure and composition of DLN films are Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), HRTEM, FESEM and X-ray photo electron spectroscopy (XPS). Interest in the coating technology has been expressed by nearly every industrial segment including automotive, aerospace, chemical processing, marine, energy, personal care, office equipment, electronics, biomedical and tool and die or in a single line from data to beer in all segment of life. In this review paper, characterization of Diamond-like Nanocomposites is discussed and subsequently different application areas are also elaborated.
Effects of different preparing conditions and annealing on the photocatalytic activity of hydrothermal grown BiVO4
Authors: Peng Shanglong , Zhang Jiachi , Wen Yuxiang , Ji Wei , Yu Jiang , An Qichang , Qin Tianfen , Zhang Zhiya
Published: June 2018

BiVO4 was hydrothermally synthesized under different preparing conditions and characterized by XRD, SEM, Raman spectrum and BET specific surface area. The influence of different PH value and annealing temperature and hydrothermal time on the morphologies and structures of the BiVO4 samples was investigated systematically. It can be found that annealing would eliminate the effects caused by the pH of precursor, heating temperature and heating time, but preparing conditions still influenced the size and specific surface area of samples. Furthermore, the photocatalytic activities of the fabricated BiVO4 was also evaluated by the degradation of methyl blue in aqueous solution under UV and visible light irradiation.
DYNAMIC CRACK TOUGHNESS OF AUSTEMPERING STEEL
Authors: Avdjieva Tatyana
Published: June 2018

This work is a part of research on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Cr-Ni-Si steels after various thermal treatments [1, 2]. The need to minimize damage and losses caused by emerging failures in complex engineering facilities such as nuclear, thermal and hydroelectric power stations, and gas and oil pipelines necessitates the creation of materials of high strength, plasticity, welding and high rigidity.
Effect of an Inverse Parabolic Confining Electric Potential on Third Harmonic Generation in Cylindrical Quantum Wires
Authors: Tshipa Moletlanyi
Published: June 2018

A theoretical investigation of the effect of an inverse parabolic potential on third harmonic generation in cylindrical quantum wires is presented. The wave functions are obtained as solutions to Schrödinger equation solved within the effective mass approximation. It turns out that peaks of the third harmonic generation susceptibility (THGS) associated with nanowires of small radii occur at larger photon energies as compared to those associated with quantum wires of larger radii. The inverse parabolic potential red-shifts peaks of the THGS, and suppresses the amplitude of the THGS. THGS associated with higher radial quantum numbers is diminished in magnitude and blue-shifted, as a function of the photon energy. As a function of the inverse parabolic potential, the THGS still characterized by peaks, and the peaks shift to lower values of the potential as the photon energy increases.
Effect of multiple laser shock processing on nano-scale microstructure of an aluminum alloy
Authors: GencalpIrizalp Simge , Saklakoglu Nursen
Published: June 2018

In this study, nano-scale microstructural evolution in 6061-T6 alloy after laser shock processing (LSP) were studied. 6061-T6 alloy plate were subjected to multiple LSP. The LSP treated area was characterized by X-ray diffraction and the microstructure of the samples was analyzed by transmission electron microscopy. Focused Ion Beam (FIB) tools were used to prepare TEM samples in precise areas. It was found that even though aluminum had high stacking fault energy, LSP yielded to formation of ultrafine grains and deformation faults such as dislocation cells, stacking faults. The stacking fault probability (PSF) was obtained in LSP-treated alloy using X-Ray diffraction. Deformation induced stacking faults lead to the peak position shifts, broadening and asymmetry of diffraction. XRD analysis and TEM observations revealed significant densities of stacking faults in LSP-treated 6061-T6 alloy. And mechanical properties of LSP-treated alloy were also determined to understand the hardening behavior with high concentration of structural defects.
Relative stability of planar clusters B11, B12, and B13 in neutral- and charged-states
Authors: Chkhartishvili Levan
Published: June 2018

Theoretically, within the diatomic model, there is studied the relative stability of most abundant boron clusters B11, B12, and B13 with planar structures in neutral, positively and negatively charge-states. According to the specific (pet atom) binding energy criterion, B12+ (6.49 eV) is found to be the most stable boron cluster, while B11– + B13+ (5.83 eV) neutral pair is expected to present the preferable ablation channel for boron-rich solids. Obtained results would be applicable in production of boron-clusters-based nanostructured coating materials with super-properties such as lightness, hardness, conductivity, chemically inertness, neutron-absorption, etc. making them especially effective for protection against cracking, wear, corrosion, neutron- and electromagnetic-radiations, etc.
Retrospection of the effect of hydroxyurea treatment in patients with sickle cell disease
Authors: Verma Henu Kumar , Lakkakula Saikrishna , Lakkakula Bhaskar V.K.S.
Published: June 2018

Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is one of the inherited hemoglobin disorders with substantial morbidity and early mortality. Hydroxyurea is the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved medication that has emerged as the primary disease-modifying therapy for SCA. Our purpose is to summarize the available evidence regarding the pharmacology, clinical efficacy, and safety of hydroxyurea therapy for the treatment of SCA. The electronic databases PubMed and Embase were searched from their starting dates to May 31, 2016. Databases were searched using the following terms: sickle cell, hydroxyurea, nitric oxide, dosing, therapeutic, and safety monitoring. Hydroxyurea therapy may cause severe myelosuppression when used in patients with SCA. SCA patients are initially treated with hydroxyurea at 10 or 20 mg/kg, and then the dose- is escalated to mild myelosuppression using a standardized regimen. Routine blood monitoring should be performed while the patient receives hydroxyurea treatment. Hydroxyurea can increase fetal hemoglobin (HbF) level and ameliorate some of the vascular symptoms in patients with SCA. Hydroxyurea therapy may help to avoid frequent hospitalizations, especially in patients with vaso-occlusive crisis. Taken together, available evidence suggests that hydroxyurea represents an inexpensive and effective treatment option that should be offered to patients with SCA.
Study of CD25 expression on leukemic cells: a prognostic factor in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Hassab Amina H , Nafea Dalia A , Swelem Rania S , Ghazal Basma M
Published: June 2018

Background

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous hematologic malignancy characterized by a clonal expansion of myeloid blasts. Treatment strategies of patients with AML are based on various prognostic factors, including age and performance status of the patient, as well as cytogenetic and molecular characteristics of the leukemic clone.

Our aim was to study the expression of cluster of differentiation (CD)25 in adult Egyptian patients with newly diagnosed AML and to assess its prognostic relevance.

Methods

This study was conducted on 50 newly diagnosed AML patients at the Hematology Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Alexandria Main University Hospital. All patients were subjected to full history taking, thorough clinical examination, and laboratory investigations, including detection of CD25 expression on blast cells by flow cytometry. Conventional karyotyping was done on 11 patients at the time of diagnosis.

Results

In our study group, 12 patients were positive for CD25 expression, and this positivity was associated with worse overall survival and shorter leukemia-free survival. On evaluating the response to treatment among CD25-positive AML patients with normal karyotype, they had lower complete remission rates and higher relapse and death rates.

Conclusions

Expression of CD25 in AML patients at presentation can be considered a poor independent prognostic factor.
Synchronous Presentation of Two Extranodal Lymphomas: Follicular Lymphoma and Extranodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma of the Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (MALToma)
Authors: Dere Yelda , Karakuş Volkan , Dere Özcan , Özsan Nazan
Published: June 2018

Synchronous malignancies are rare conditions in oncology practices, generally seen as solid tumors with hematological neoplasms. However, occurrence of two different hematological malignancies in the same patient is extremely rare. Two primary malignancies should be considered especially in patients with extraordinary presentations and treatment resistance.
Mau-Mau Rebel's Doctor in Mount Kenya East Forest (1952 -1960): Retrieving the Revolutionary History of Milton Munene Gachau
Authors: Gathogo Julius M.
Published: June 2018

The Kenya Land and Freedom Army (KLFA), otherwise known as Mau-Mau revolutionary movement was formed after returnees of the Second World War (1939 - 1945) ignited the African populace to militarily fight for land and freedom (wiyathi nai thaka). John Waltonâ€™s theory of reluctant rebels informs this article theoretically, as it is indeed the political elites who inspired this armed struggle. To do this, they held several meetings in the capital city of Nairobi, drew the war structures from the national level to the sub-location level, especially in the central region of Kenya, and tasked locals with filling in the leadership vacuums that were created. In view of this, the article seeks to unveil the revolutionary history of the Mau-Mau medical Doctor, also known as Major Judge Munene Gachau (born in 1935), whose contribution in the Kenyan war of independence (1952 - 1960) remains unique. This uniqueness can be attested to by considering various factors. First, he is one of the few surviving leaders who joined the guerrilla forest war while he was relatively young. Normally, the Mau-Mau War Council did not encourage people below the age of 25 to join the rebels in the forest of Mt. Kenya, Aberdare Mountains and/or other places. Nor did they encourage adults past the age of 35 to join as combatants in the forest fight. Second, he is the only known Mau-Mau rebel in Kirinyaga county of Kenya to have gone back to school after the war had ended, traveled abroad, and studied up to a Masters degree level. Third, Munene Gachau belongs in the category that joined the rebels while still relatively educated and eventually got promoted to the rank of Major, upon being confirmed as the Mau-Mau Doctor.
Counter-Intuitive Leadership: Reflections on the Life and Times of Reverend Rasebusi Sidwell Mokgothu
Authors: Raphahlela Norman
Published: June 2018

This essay follows a narrative method of presentation. The novelty of presentations of this nature lies in the fact that they espouse or champion the personality of a person and the impact they have or have had on others, rather than putting emphasis on events. It took me a while to find or search for a theme relevant to a reflection on the life and times of Reverend Rasebusi Sidwell Mokgothu. After an extensive and intensive thinking, I settled for the theme â€œcounter-intuitive leadership.â€ This essay is unique in the sense that as the narrator I have drawn so many experiences and learned so much from Sidwellâ€™s life and time on the journey of life and faith as a fellow pilgrim.
Sustaining Freedom and Second Slavery in Nineteenth-Century Brazil and Cuba
Authors: Morrison Karen Y.
Published: June 2018

This essay reviews the following works:

Freedom from Liberation: Slavery, Sentiment, and Literature in Cuba. By Gerard Aching. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2015. Pp. ix + 241. $48.00 hardcover. ISBN: 9780253016935.

Slavery and Politics: Brazil and Cuba, 1790–1850. By Rafael Marquese, Tâmis Peixoto Parron, and Márcia Regina Berbel. Translated by Leonardo Marques. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2016. Pp. 1 + 351. $29.95 paperback. ISBN: 9780826356482.

Divining Slavery and Freedom: The Story of Domingos Sodré, an African Priest in Nineteenth-Century Brazil. By João José Reis. Translated by H. Sabrina Gledhill. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2015. Pp. xi + 351. $32.99 paperback. ISBN: 9781107439092.

Ever Faithful: Race, Loyalty, and the Ends of Empire in Spanish Cuba. By David Sartorius. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2014. Pp. vi + 312. $24.95 paperback. ISBN: 9780822355939.

The Politics of the Second Slavery. Edited by Dale W. Tomich. Fernand Braudel Center Studies in Historical Social Science. Ithaca: State University New York Press, 2016. Pp. xii + 280. $25.95 paperback. ISBN: 9781438462363.
Afro-Cuban Cyberfeminism: Love/Sexual Revolution in Sandra Álvarez Ramírez’s Blogging
Authors: Sierra-Rivera Judith
Published: June 2018

This essay focuses on the dynamics of (dis)embodiment between national love and the body of the black woman in Cuba. This very discussion lies at the center of Sandra Álvarez Ramírez’s blog Negra cubana tenía que ser, where the black woman’s body becomes an ideal in itself. Álvarez Ramírez’s intellectual interventions impress this body with love and assemble a community whose members share the black feminist goal of a sexual (polyamory) revolution. I propose that Negra cubana’s revolutionary matrix resides in the blog’s networking: a cyberfeminist agenda to connect Cuban black women’s voices with other voices around the world. Contrary to the utopian promise of the Cuban Revolution, Negra cubana’s black feminist promise is that of enactment in the present—in both physical and virtual realms.
Evaluating the Effect of Homicide Prevention Strategies in São Paulo, Brazil: A Synthetic Control Approach
Authors: Freire Danilo
Published: June 2018

Although Brazil remains severely affected by civil violence, the state of São Paulo has made significant inroads into fighting criminality. In the last decade, São Paulo has witnessed a 70 percent decline in homicide rates, a result that policy-makers attribute to a series of crime-reducing measures implemented by the state government. While recent academic studies seem to confirm this downward trend, no estimation of the total impact of state policies on homicide rates currently exists. The present article fills this gap by employing the synthetic control method to compare these measures against an artificial São Paulo. The results indicate a large drop in homicide rates in actual São Paulo when contrasted with the synthetic counterfactual, with about 20,000 lives saved during the period. The theoretical usefulness of the synthetic control method for public policy analysis, the role of the Primeiro Comando da Capital as a moderating variable, and the practical implications of the security measures taken by the São Paulo State government are also discussed.
Entonces ¿eso es literatura? Concepciones sobre lo literario en los saraus de poesía de la periferia de São Paulo
Authors: Tennina Lucía
Published: June 2018

Este artículo se propone analizar la propuesta de los saraus de poesía de la periferia de la ciudad de São Paulo (encuentros para leer o declamar poesía en bares de los barrios alejados del centro de la ciudad) en función del cuestionamiento y problematización que establecen respecto del término literatura. La producción literaria, de acuerdo con la lógica de los saraus, es considerada por un lado como un medio facilitador para proyectar ser una “persona” ligada a un “yo” que tiene una conciencia de sí mismo y una valoración específica en el marco de un colectivo que le otorga protección y promueve el desarrollo de un sentimiento de pertenencia. Al mismo tiempo, la producción de los saraus se presenta como un espacio central para repensar los modos de funcionamiento y de legitimación del campo literario brasileño del presente.
The ethical responsibilities of local government employees
Authors: Janus Anna , Kamiński Radosław
Published: June 2018

This article discusses the ethical responsibilities of a local government employee. The authors argue that an official, as a representative of a state institution, performs a service function. Civil service is a profession of public trust. The employee of local government can affect citizens’ trust in the state. Therefore, she/he is required to be honest, reliable and deserving of trust. She/he should behave with dignity. In his work she/he should rely on the principles of good administration, which is a fundamental right of the individual in a democratic state of law. Citizens expect politicians and public officials to abide by ethical standards of integrity in a more rigorous manner than other professional groups, and to work for the common interest. The actions of persons who perform social functions related to the exercise of power should always be transparent and pure from this perspective, and should raise no doubts.
Rola i zadania systemu ratowniczego w transporcie lotniczym
Authors: Werner Joanna
Published: June 2018

W artykule przedstawiono zadania i organizację działań ratowniczych. Ze względu na liczne zagrożenia niemożliwe jest całkowite wyeliminowanie wypadków czy incydentów lotniczych. Służba poszukiwania i ratownictwa lotniczego w Polsce jest przeznaczona do poszukiwania i ratowania życia ludzi, znajdujących się w sytuacjach zagrożenia lub związanych bezpośrednio z wypadkiem lotniczym. Poza zazwyczaj wykorzystywanymi w systemie poszukiwania i ratownictwa statkami powietrznymi Sił Powietrznych, Marynarki Wojennej i Wojsk Lądowych używane mogą być również inne statki powietrzne lotnictwa wojskowego, a także Lotnictwa Pogotowia Ratunkowego, Policji czy Straży Granicznej. Polski system poszukiwania i ratownictwa (SAR) opiera się na strukturach administracji rządowej państwa, którymi są: ministerstwo właściwe do spraw wewnętrznych, Ministerstwo Obrony Narodowej, Ministerstwo Zdrowia i ministerstwa zajmujące się transportem i infrastrukturą.
Analiza struktury kapitału Grupy Żywiec w kontekście zarządzania ryzykiem finansowym na przykładzie Grupy Żywiec S.A.
Authors: Chabowska-Litka Agnieszka
Published: June 2018

Kapitał jest niewątpliwie najważniejszym determinantem prowadzenia działalności gospodarczej, niezależnie od wielkości przedsiębiorstwa, rodzaju prowadzonej działalności. Problem źródeł finansowania pojawia się już na etapie planowania i organizowania działalności. Praktyka gospodarcza potwierdza, iż przedsiębiorstwo, które ma niewłaściwie opracowaną strukturę kapitału jest narażone na większe ryzyko finansowe. Przedsiębiorstwa mają ograniczony wpływ na ryzyka, których źródła są związane z makrootoczeniem. Nie są w stanie wpływać bezpośrednio na poziom stóp procentowych na rynku czy wahania kursów walutowych, ale mogą zarządzać ryzykiem finansowym, ograniczając jego negatywne skutki z perspektywy odpowiedniego dopasowania źródeł finansowania działalności i rozwoju przedsiębiorstwa. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie istoty analizy struktury kapitału, będącej częścią analizy finansowej przedsiębiorstwa jako jednego z narzędzi wspomagających proces zarządzania ryzykiem finansowym w jednostce gospodarczej na przykładzie wybranej organizacji.
Przemieszczanie się osób w strefie Schengen Unii Europejskiej
Authors: Ślusarczyk Zenon
Published: June 2018

Celem artykułu jest prezentacja najważniejszych zagadnień związanych z przemieszczaniem się osób w strefie Schengen Unii Europejskiej i uzasadnienie tezy, że polityka imigracyjna UE jest istotną dziedziną regulacji prawnych, uwzględniającą staż członkowski państw oraz współpracę ich służb granicznych, wymogów azylowych i przyznawania obywatelstwa. W artykule scharakteryzowano istotę strefy Schengen i swobodnego przemieszczania się osób, nielegalną imigrację i kontrolę na granicach, system azylowy oraz współpracę służb granicznych i policyjnych.
The problem of the legal status of electoral commissions as organs of the public administration of elections in post-Soviet countries
Authors: Orlov Valentyn
Published: June 2018

The article analyses the current practice of forming election commissions and the way they fulfill their tasks as a part of public administration. The tasks and functions of the state in the sphere of elections administration are identified. The state shapes the legal status of electoral commissions and their members. This status requires the professional performance by the commissions’ members involving attaining the position of public officer. The article focuses on solving this problem in Ukraine.It is argued that the foreign experience of developing electoral commissions as bodies of public administration could be adapted to Ukrainian realities.
Elektroniczna Platforma Usług Administracji Publicznej w relacjach urząd–klient (e-administracja)
Authors: Werner Joanna
Published: June 2018

Artykuł ukazuje konieczność wykorzystywania narzędzi w postaci systemów informatycznych w relacjach urząd–klient, urząd–urząd oraz omawia wady i zalety głównego w Polsce systemu tego typu, tj. Elektronicznej Platformy Usług Administracji Publicznej (ePUAP). Oferuje ona już bardzo wiele funkcji, które z założenia mają być stosunkowo proste w obsłudze oraz znacznie usprawnić prowadzenie formalnych i urzędowych spraw przez współczesnego przedsiębiorcę bez konieczności osobistego odwiedzania urzędów. Sprawy te użytkownik platformy ePUAP może już wykonywać zdalnie z dowolnego miejsca z dostępem do Internetu i w dogodnym dla siebie czasie. Głównym celem tworzenia e-administracji publicznej jest zwiększenie efektywności świadczonych usług zarówno w zakresie obsługi klienta, jak i usprawniania pracy urzędów. Podstawowym krokiem do sprawnie funkcjonującego systemu elektronicznej administracji jest wprowadzenie nowych technologii, które umożliwią obywatelom i przedsiębiorcom szybkie załatwienie spraw urzędowych oraz łatwy dostęp do informacji. Pełne korzystanie z dobrodziejstw urzędów online wymaga obecnie czegoś więcej niż samego zarejestrowania się na platformie. Potrzebna jest możliwość podpisywania pism. Profil Zaufany ePUAP to bezpłatny podpis elektroniczny, dzięki któremu obywatel może załatwić sprawy administracyjne drogą elektroniczną bez konieczności wychodzenia z domu. Spełnia on funkcje podobne do oferowanych obecnie komercyjnych podpisów elektronicznych. Weryfikacja tożsamości użytkownika stanowi jedno z kluczowych zagadnień w świadczeniu usług drogą elektroniczną.
SERVICIOS AMBIENTALES DE LA VEGETACIÓN EN ECOSISTEMAS URBANOS EN EL CONTEXTO DEL CAMBIO CLIMÁTICO
Authors: Pimienta-Barrios Eulogio , Robles-Murguía Celia , Carvajal Servando , Muñoz-Urias Alejandro , Martínez-Chávez Carla , De León-Santos Silvia
Published: June 2018

Es abundante la información sobre los problemas ambientales que afectan a las urbes más importantes del mundo, pero es limitada para México. Esta revela que los servicios ambientales proporcionados por la vegetación, particularmente el arbolado, contribuyen a reducir las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero, por ejemplo; sin embargo, su eficiencia está limitada por la escasez de agua y los contaminantes del aire y se agravará con el cambio climático. Entre los principales efectos de este último destacan la formación de olas e islas de calor y el aumento en la temperatura y en las concentraciones de ozono (O3) en las ciudades, donde dicho gas constituye una amenaza seria a la salud humana y a la de los árboles al interferir en la fotosíntesis, proceso fundamental en la prestación de servicios ambientales. La vegetación urbana puede ser una fuente de contaminación atmosférica al producir compuestos orgánicos volátiles que conducen a la formación de O3. La ciudad de Guadalajara está afectada por el cambio climático porque tiene porcentajes bajos de cobertura vegetal, alta contaminación del aire y la disponibilidad de agua ha disminuido. Estudios de fotosíntesis en árboles que crecen en Guadalajara revelaron amplias diferencias en su eficiencia de secuestrar carbono. Por lo tanto existe potencial para la selección de especies arbóreas con el propósito de usarlas en la reforestación de esta urbe, con el fin de reducir la contaminación del aire y mitigar los efectos del cambio climático.
CALIDAD DE PLANTA PRODUCIDA EN LOS VIVEROS FORESTALES DE NAYARIT
Authors: Rueda-Sánchez Agustín , Benavides-Solorio Juan de Dios , Saenz-Reyez J. Trinidad , Muñoz Flores Hipólito Jesús , Prieto-Ruiz J. Ángel , Orozco Gutiérrez Gabriela
Published: June 2018

La supervivencia de una plantación forestal depende de diversos factores, entre los que destaca la calidad de planta. A pesar de su importancia, en México falta información respecto a este parámetro en los viveros forestales así como de los procedimientos necesarios para su evaluación. En el presente trabajo se determinó la calidad de planta en 1 especies arbóreas de climas tropical y templado, en siete viveros forestales del estado de Nayarit. Para la toma de datos se realizó un muestreo al azar de 0.15 % de los individuos producidos por vivero y taxón. La calidad de planta se clasificó como alta, media o baja con base en la altura, diámetro, biomasa seca aérea y radical, además de los contenidos de N, P, K, C y lignina. Los resultados indican que, en su mayoría, la planta producida en los viveros evaluados es de calidad media de acuerdo a los estándares sugeridos. Las variables mejor calificadas fueron el índice de robustez y los contenidos de fósforo, potasio y nitrógeno. Por otro lado, la relación biomasa aérea seca/biomasa radical seca recibió la menor calificación. Se recomienda continuar con la evaluación de calidad de producción en estos y otros viveros forestales, y dar seguimiento a las plantaciones ya establecidas con el fin de validar la información aportada por la evaluación de calidad de planta.