bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The All-Wales Academy for Innovation in Health and Social Care
Authors: James Thomas , Thomas Roderick , Rees Daniel , Davies Gareth
Published: September 2022

This paper presents the case of the All-Wales Intensive Learning Academy (ILA) for Innovation in Health and Social Care (IHSC), established in the context of the broader Regional Innovation System (RIS) (Braczyk et al., 1998, Pino and Ortega, 2018). Developing capacity and capability for innovation in the Health and Social Care sectors in south west Wales has been a longstanding endeavour alongside efforts to revitalise the region’s economy. Welsh Government’s recent initiative to establish Intensive Learning Academies to support development of senior leaders and managers within the Health and Social Care is a further endeavour within the RIS. The IHSC ILA in particular has relevant to this agenda, operating across Health & Social Care, with further engagement of private and third sectors.  

Delivered by a partnership of Swansea University, Cardiff & Vale University Health Board and the Bevan Commission, the initial phase of the IHSC has involved three of its core offerings being launched, engaging just over 200 learners. While the initiative is still in its early stages, this case study provides an initial examination of its activity exploring its potential to support the RIS through consideration of Region, Innovation, Network, Learning, and Interaction. As this work continues, it offers potential learning for future phases of IHSC, and to other post-industrial regions grappling concurrent challenges relating to population health and economic development.
Start-up Performance: Looking for an Explanation in Entrepreneurial Characteristics and Financing Choice
Authors: Lybaert Nadine , Umans Ine
Published: September 2022

Although start-ups are gaining popularity and are known to have an important influence on the economy, surprisingly little research is available on these enterprises. One of the topics which remain to be explored concerns the performance of start-ups. So as to gain some insight into this phenomenon, we investigate the influence of characteristics of both the entrepreneur and the start-up (namely gender, age, education, experience, and start-up size). Thereby we base our arguments on the literature of SMEs and large companies, taking into account that start-ups behave differently than SMEs. Based on the translations of these arguments, we come to 5 hypotheses. However, since literature for SMEs and large companies is mixed and finds no unambiguous effect for these characteristics, this focus might limit to an incomplete overview. Therefore, we integrate the use of outside finance as a moderator, so as to find out whether the relations are influenced (strengthened or weakened) by the used financing source. The integration of this moderator is justifiable based on previous studies, where associations can be found between entrepreneurial characteristics and financing decisions on the one hand, but in addition, between financing decisions and performance on the other hand. So, it has been found that a firm’s success or failure depends heavily on its initial financing decision. Concerning the population of start-ups, studies show that the use of debt or any other form of external financing is associated with a better start-up performance. Based on a dataset of 117 Belgian start-ups, and making use of quantitative research, only the expected results concerning the level of education and gender could be confirmed. So, it is found that higher levels of education lead to better start-up performance, while no difference is found in the performance of start-ups led by female versus male entrepreneurs. At the same time, no significant interaction between any of the investigated characteristics and outside finance could be found. As such, it could not be confirmed that for start-ups using outside finance, the effect of the characteristics on performance will be different, compared to when they don’t use any form of outside finance.
Academic Entrepreneurship and Inequality: Evidence From Administrative Data
Authors: Staudt Joseph
Published: September 2022

Over the past several decades, universities have increasingly emphasized knowledge and technology transfer. Faculty are key agents facilitating this transfer, engaging in commercial and entrepreneurial activities such as, consulting, student placement, patenting, and the founding of start-ups. This paper documents the prevalence of faculty commercial engagement as well as the extent to which it widens earnings inequality among faculty. In contrast to previous work that uses surveys with low response rates to measure the commercial engagement of university faculty, this paper uses detailed administrative data from universities (UMETRICS) linked to confidential earnings data at the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) and U.S. Census Bureau (including the universe of W2 and 1099 tax records) to analyse how often university faculty engage in the types of commercial and entrepreneurial activity that catalyse knowledge/technology transfer.
EntreComp and GreenComp for Entrepreneurship. What is the ‘Real’ Relationship?
Authors: Moon Christopher , Walmsley Andreas , Apostolopoulos Nikolaos
Published: September 2022

This paper seeks to explore the relationship between two educational frameworks: EntreComp, the European entrepreneurship competency framework (Bacigalupo et al., 2016) and GreenComp, the European sustainability competency framework (Bianchi et al., 2022). At first sight the relationship is just a matter of competency addressing entrepreneurship and sustainability respectively. Thus, a simple comparison between the two lists of competences would reveal two similar but different competency lists, perhaps aimed at different audiences? The reality though, we posit, is that there is an underlying conceptual emphasis on responsibility which is yet to be fully explored. This paper provides the above comparison but then explores this conceptual underpinning in the light of what we term Responsible Entrepreneurship Education.
C Programming Language–Still Ruling the World
Authors: Peta Saphalya
Published: September 2022

C Programming Language, developed by Dennis Ritchie in 1972, is an evergreen programming language. It is the backbone of the Unix operating system and paved the way for the development of object-oriented programming. C has been around for 30 years, and there are many source codes available which means there is a lot to learn and a lot to use. C programming language is that which sits close to the operating system. This feature makes it an efficient language because system-level resources, such as memory, can be accessed easily. The features like fast, flexible, portable, and structured programming language with a rich library makes the C programming language not to have an expiry date. C programming language closeness to the hardware and great portability make it ideal for low-level development such as operating systems, kernels, and embedded systems. Its versatility, efficiency, and good performance make it an excellent choice for high complexity data manipulation software, like databases or 3D animation. The fact is that many programming languages today are better than C for their intended use, which does not mean that they beat C in all areas. C is still unsurpassed when performance is the priority.
Durability Evaluation of Normal and High Performance Concrete
Authors: Sharma Arpan , Thakur Parikshit , Vashisht Rajneesh , Shukla Abhilash
Published: September 2022

Classification of concrete is often most feasible means for measuring the durability and has become progressively over the past 20 years. The present study is focused on the capability of concrete to improve its durability when the concrete is subjected to the highly aggressive environments. Existing concrete in cold or coastal regions are affected by chloride penetration under the freeze-thaw cycles. This collective deterioration process quickens the damage advancement of concrete and reduces the service life of the structures. In real life the structure may face numerous deterioration contrivances due to environmental factors surrounded by the concrete. A variety of laboratory test method were used for the determination of durability, which provide number of results, such as rapid chloride penetration value, electrical conductivity, water absorption rate in concrete. For evaluating the durability of concrete, to a single contrivance of deterioration, the techniques were economical and appropriate. For determining the durability of concrete the Ordinary Portland Cement was used.
Analysis of Trending Hi-Tech and Software Industry in Bangladesh
Authors: Paul Norottom
Published: September 2022

Hi-Tech/Software Technology parks are being developed in many countries to create an efficient work environment for knowledge based industrial development. Major aim of these technology parks is to attract foreign companies to set up operations and to transfer the indigenous technological capability for the development of the local industries. The aim of this work is to find out factors that influence technology park development and a suitable strategic framework for successful implementation of Hi-Tech (HTP) and Software Technology Park (STP) in Bangladesh. For this study Analytic Hierarchy Process is applied as a Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Method (MCDM) which is a technology assessment tool. The assessment has been conducted by considering infrastructure, strategic & business support & governance as criteria and basic facility, digital facility, social facility, research & strategic facility, industrial chain & innovation facility, capacity development, policy support, operational modality, and park management as sub criteria. IBM SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) software also used for identifying the key variables.
Capaian Penanggulangan Kemiskinan dalam Pembangunan Berkelanjutan serta Keterkaitannya dengan Bencana di Jawa Tengah
Authors: Purwaningsih Murni Rahayu
Published: September 2022

Upaya penanggulangan kemiskinan menjadi fokus yang ingin diraih seluruh bangsa, dan di Indonesia menjadi sasaran utama program pembangunan nasional. Kemiskinan merupakan persoalan hak asasi manusia dan TPB menekankan pentingnya pemenuhan HAM dalam upaya penanggulangan kemiskinan. Dengan menggunakan data dan informasi sekunder, makalah ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kemiskinan di Jawa Tengah dikaitkan dengan bencana alam dan non alam, menganalisis capaian target TPB pengurangan tingkat kemiskinan (1.2) dan perlindungan sosial (1.3), serta usulan rekomendasi yang dapat dipertimbangkan untuk mengurangi kemiskinan di Jawa Tengah. Berdasarkan penelitian Desinta dan Sitorus yang menyebutkan kejadian gempa dan tanah longsor menjadi salah satu yang mempengaruhi kemiskinan di Jawa Tengah, selanjutnya dibuktikan dengan analisis asosiasi dengan Uji Pearson Korelasi serta analisis perbandingan kategorisasi jumlah kejadian bencana alam dan jumlah penduduk miskin per kabupaten/kota tahun 2019-2021. Hasilnya Kabupaten/kota yang jumlah kemiskinannya dipengaruhi oleh jumlah kejadian bencana gempa dan tanah longsor antara lain: Kabupaten Magelang, Kabupaten Brebes, Kabupaten Cilacap, Kabupaten Banyumas, Kabupaten Banjarnegara, dan Kabupaten Temanggung. Bencana non alam Covid-19 juga turut berpengaruh pada tingkat kemiskinan Jawa Tengah. Hal tersebut terlihat dari capaian target 1.2 dan 1.3 tahun 2020 yang mengalami pelambatan dibanding 2019 dengan status sebagian besar masih merah. Upaya yang telah dilakukan pemerintah Jawa Tengah dinilai sudah cukup komprehensif. Sebagai upaya tambahan yang dapat dipertimbangkan adalah dengan memberdayakan dan meningkatkan ketahanan masyarakat dan daerah terhadap bencana alam maupun non alam. Selain itu, perlunya peningkatan kapasitas kelembagaan seperti mitigasi bencana, kapasitas teknis (peta risiko dan rencana kontijensi), serta kapasitas keuangan alternatif untuk dana darurat.
Prevalence And Characteristics Of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus At X Hospital West Jakarta For The Period Of January 2021 - April 2022
Authors: Patricia Kwan Devi , Susanto Ricky
Published: September 2022

Gestational diabetes mellitus that occurs in women during pregnancy is called gestational diabetes mellitus, or commonly abbreviated as DMG. DMG is very dangerous because it has the possibility of complications for pregnant women, such as high blood pressure, large babies born, and also delays in delivery. There is 1 out of 6 births affected by GDM. Meanwhile, according to the 2013 WHO, in Indonesia, around 1.9–3.6% of pregnant women suffer from DMG. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus at RS X West Jakarta in the period of January 2021–March 2022. This type of research used descriptive cross-sectional research design. The study was conducted at RS X West Jakarta with a total sample of 2236 mothers who gave birth and a total of 35 of them with gestational diabetes mellitus were selected by non-random Consecutive Sampling that are qualified in inclusion and exclusion criterias to support research related to the prevalence and characteristics of diabetes mellitus. gestational age at RS X West Jakarta. Data was extracted from the medical records of GDM patients who had given birth. There were 6 characteristics of GDM, namely: maternal age at delivery, with an average age of 32 years; gestational age, with an average of 27-30 weeks; the most widely used therapy was insulin (57.1%); the most widely used delivery method was sectio caesarea (80%); the baby's birth weight, with a mean of 3.47 kg; and with the value of the mother's body mass index, the mean value of which is 30.65 (obesity). Suggestions for further research include that research can be carried out with a larger number of subjects to obtain results of prevalence and characteristics that are more accurate.
Robinson Salazar Carreño, Familias de esclavos en la villa de San Gil (Nuevo Reino de Granada), 1700-1779, Bogotá, Universidad del Rosario, 2020, 364 pp.
Authors: Castaño Pareja Yoer Javier
Published: September 2022

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Maximiliano Fuentes Codera y Patrizia Dogliani (Eds.), La patria hispana, la raza latina. Política y cultura entre España, Italia y Argentina (1914- 1945), Granada, Editorial Comares, 2021, 168 pp.
Authors: Lacquaniti Leandro Gustavo
Published: September 2022

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Sobre la condición posnacional en la historiografía contemporánea
Authors: Zermeño Padilla Guillermo
Published: September 2022

En este ensayo se ofrece una relectura de las relaciones historiográficas entre España e Hispanoamérica. Se trata de saber hasta qué punto se han modificado las relaciones culturales entre ambas partes tomando en cuenta la reconfiguración de la geopolítica mundial y la historiografía recientes. En principio se busca la respuesta a partir de una contrastación matizada entre el hispanismo representado por Marcelino Menéndez Pelayo y Rafael Altamira, dominante todavía hacia 1970; y su desvanecimiento progresivo a causa de las crisis políticas, económicas y culturales de los años siguientes, enmarcadas por lo que se conoce como globalización. La entrada en este nuevo escenario ha puesto en entredicho el peso de toda clase de nacionalismos, localismos, nativismos o etnocentrismos dominantes en el periodo anterior. En particular los cuestionamientos se concentran en los modos de enfocar las relaciones entre lo propio y lo ajeno, lo de adentro y lo de afuera, lo actual y lo ya sucedido o podría devenir. Para ejemplificar lo segundo se alude a la experiencia historiográfica realizada alrededor de la red de Iberconceptos situada ya en un periodo posfranquista y posrevolucionario.
PENGARUH KUALITAS LAYANAN TERHADAP KEPUASAN PELANGGAN PADA SERAMBI KOPI PEKANBARU
Authors: Ikhsan Wandi Nur
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kualitas pelayanan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan pada Serambi Kopi Kota Pekanbaru. Sampel yang digunakan adalah 96 Pelanggan Serambi Kopi. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode accidental sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dengan skala likert. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode analisis regresi sederhana dengan aplikasi SPSS. Hasil berdasarkan (uji-t) menunjukkan bahwa kualitas pelayanan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan dengan nilai signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05. Hasil uji koefisien determinasi diperoleh R Square sebesar 0,199. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel dependen kepuasan pelanggan sebesar 19,9% dipengaruhi oleh variabel independen kualitas pelayanan, sedangkan 80,1% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang belum diteliti dalam penelitian ini.
PENGARUH INOVASI DAN KREATIFITAS TERHADAP KINERJA USAHA PELAKU UMKM KULINER DI KOTA PEKANBARU
Authors: Sukriani Nurul
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh inovasi dan kreatifitas terhadap Kinerja Usaha Pelaku UMKM Kuliner di Kota Pekanbaru. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif. Sumber data menggunakan primer dan sekunder berupa angket dan wawancara. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah pelaku UMKM bidang Kuliner di kotaPekanbaru. Untuk populasi dan sampel karena jumlah populasi tidak diketahui secara pasti, maka menggunakan rumus dengan metode Wibisono dan diperoleh jumlah sampel sebanyak 97 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan secara simultan antara Inovasi dan Kreatifitas terhadap Kinerja Usaha Pelaku UMKM Kuliner di Kota Pekanbaru. Secara parsial juga ditemukan pengaruh Inovasi dan Kreatifitas terhadap Kinerja Usaha Pelaku UMKM Kuliner di Kota Pekanbaru.
Trade Linkage and Transmission of Geopolitical Risks: Evidence from the Peace Progress in 2018
Authors:   Korea Trade Research Association, Kim Taehyun , Kim Yongjun
Published: September 2022

Purpose - Using unexpected changes in geopolitical tensions on the Korean peninsula as a quasinatural experimental setting, we examine whether and how geopolitical risks travel across borders through firm-level imports and exports linkages. We also test whether the effects are driven by either imports or exports and assess whether firms can effectively hedge themselves against geopolitical risks.
Design/methodology - We focus on a series of unanticipated geopolitical events taken place in Korea in 2018. Making use of the shocks to geopolitical climate, we identify five milestone events toward peace talks. We employ the event studies methodology. We examine heterogenous firm-level stock price reactions around key event dates depending on firms’ exposure to geopolitical risks. As a measure of firms’ exposure to geopolitical risks in Korea, we utilize a text-based measure of firm-level trade links. When a firm announces and discusses its purchase of inputs from Korea or sales of outputs to Korea in their annual disclosure filings, we define a firm to have a trade relationship with Korea and have exposure to Korean geopolitical risks. Similarly, we use a measure of a firm’s hedging policies based on a firm’s textual mention of the use of foreign exchange derivatives in their annual disclosure.
Findings - We find that U.S. firms that have direct trade links to Korea gained significantly more value when the intensity of geopolitical risks drops compared to firms without such trade links to Korea. The effects are pronounced for firms purchasing inputs from or selling outputs to Korea. We find that the effectiveness of foreign exchange hedging against geopolitical risks is limited.
Originality/value - We document the international transmission of geopolitical uncertainty through trade linkages. Export links as well as import links serve as important nexus of transmission of geopolitical risks across borders. Hedging strategies involving foreign-exchanges derivatives do not seem to insulate firms again geopolitical risks. With the recent movements of localization and reshuffling of the global value chain, our results suggest a significant impact of geopolitical risks in Korea on the construction of the global value chain.
Comparison of the RCA Between China and KOR: From the Perspective of Value-Added
Authors:   Korea Trade Research Association, Jiao Xiaosong , Cao Yingqi , Jiao Lily , Neak Chandaith , Zhang Yaqian
Published: September 2022

Purpose - This paper empirically explores the RCA of electrical equipment trade between China and Korea from the perspective of gross trade and value-added trade. The goal of this paper is to scan the electrical equipment's RCA, the decomposition of gross exports, and the impacts of an exerted shock.
Design/methodology - We applied the domestic value-added method in measuring the RCA, which could be more accurate than traditional RCA since it excludes foreign value-added. Based on the research purpose, this paper follows the framework of Koopman, Wang, and Wei (2014)—as extended by Wang, Wei, and Zhu (2018). It extracts the data from the 2019 Multi-regional Input-Output (MRIO) databases compiled by the Asian Development Bank in January 2021.
Findings - After rigorous examination, the main findings are as follows: First, the electrical equipment sector maintains a consistent comparative advantage in either assessing method. Second, China exports more gross goods of electrical equipment to the world than South Korea does, but there is a trade deficit with Korea. Third, South Korea and P.R. China are the most significant bilateral partners of foreign value-added sourcing. Finally, it is surprising that there is a shock on electrical equipment; the partner’s service, as well as manufacturing sectors, would be affected.
Originality/value - This paper explores the revealed comparative advantage between Korea and China from traditional gross export and value-added perspectives. Second, we apply the information from the 2019 MRIO database compiled by the Asian Development Bank in January 2021, reflecting the current situation. Third, this paper analyzes the electrical equipment and the impacts on other parties’ sectors. Finally, we carry out the subjects that deserve to be investigated in the future.
Revisiting the Asian Financial Crisis: Is Building Political Ties with Emerging Political Elites Beneficial during a Crisis?
Authors:   Korea Trade Research Association, Yun Kyung Hwan , Hu Chenguang
Published: September 2022

Purpose - Drawing on relational institutional theory, we explored how demographic similarity between board members of a firm and newly emerged political elites led to firms’ increased financial resource acquisition such as leverage ratio and decreased export intensity amidst the Asian financial crisis. We also studied how a firm’s leverage ratio and export intensity can further affect firm profitability and financial credit rating.
Design/methodology - We revisited and explored a unique, unprecedented crisis that affected most Korean firms: the Asian financial crisis that coincided with a governmental shift from a conservative to a liberal party. We collected demographic information from 432 listed Korean firms’ board members and 43 political elites of the Blue House from 1998-2000 to create a demographic similarity measurement. We collected firms’ financial information, built panel data, and used ordinary least squares regression to test our theory.
Findings - Our results showed that demographic similarity between a firm’s directors and newly emerged politicians had a positive association with a firm’s leverage ratio but a negative association with a firm’s export intensity. A firm’s leverage ratio had a negative relationship with firm performance measured by firm profitability and financial credit rating. A firm’s export intensity showed a positive effect on firm performance.
Originality/value - We highlighted that during an economic crisis that coincided with a governmental shift and change of leading political actors, firms exerted efforts to survey the environment and build new external stakeholder relationships to cope with the changing landscape. We proposed that in an emerging market like Korea where low levels of trust and favoritism are prevalent across society, one of the relational institutional strategies that firms can employ is the selection of directors with similar demographic characteristics to political elites based on factors including birthplace and school affiliations. We examined the efforts of firms to build political networks with newly empowered political elites during a financial crisis, and the consequences of establishing such networks. We highlighted that during a financial crisis, the demographic similarity between a firm’s board members and newly emerged politicians can provide firms with access to financial resources but can also result in poor management and reduced effort to enhance its international competitiveness.
Research on the Efficiency and Influencing Factors of Korea's Foreign Direct Investment in RCEP Partners
Authors:   Korea Trade Research Association, Wang Xin-Yue , Chen Xi , Chen Li , Wang Qing
Published: September 2022

Purpose - In this paper, we, taking South Korea's foreign direct investment in RCEP partners as an example, will examine its investment efficiency in these countries and analyze the main influencing factors, making suggestions for further liberalizing and facilitating its investment in and even for promoting its trade and economic cooperation with them.
Design/methodology - In this study, we look at the panel data of South Korea and the other 13 RCEP countries (Brunei excluded) from 2000 to 2019 and apply the stochastic frontier analysis to measure its foreign direct investment efficiency and explore the influencing factors in RCEP countries. We examine the investment potential of South Korea in these places.
Findings - We find that South Korea's average investment efficiency in RCEP countries reached 0.62, indicating large investment potential. We also find that its investment efficiency in RCEP partners was heterogeneous. Our study reveals that South Korea’s foreign direct investment is significantly positively correlated with the market size and population of the two countries, as well as with whether the host country has a coastline and rich natural resources, while negatively with geographic distance. It shows that free trade agreements, economic freedom, and regulatory quality play significant roles in improving investment efficiency.
Originality/value - Through theoretical and empirical analysis, we deal with the efficiency and influencing factors of South Korea's direct investment in RCEP partners, proposing new drivers for facilitating its trade and investment in these countries and comprehensively evaluating the efficiency and revealing the trend of its FDI in these countries. In this paper, we put forward a solid theoretical basis for empirical analysis of the future economic and trade development between South Korea and its RCEP partners and give objective insights for further improving its foreign direct investment efficiency and tapping its investment potential.
The Impact of Underdog Positioning on Consumer Preference in Korea: Focusing on Local Service Providers
Authors:   Korea Trade Research Association, Han Bang-Wool
Published: September 2022

Purpose - Small independent brands from local companies often use underdog positioning to compete with established global brands. However, whether the effectiveness of underdog positioning of local businesses in the service sector remains insufficient. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the underdog effect on the preference of Korean consumers for individual service providers positioned as underdogs.
Design/methodology - The author examines the research question of this study using a one-way ANOVA in three different positioning (underdog vs. top dog vs. control) between-subjects design, with a group of Korean participants.
Findings - The experimental study shows that support for independent local (vs. global) service providers positioned as underdogs is straightforward. Using the lens of consumer identification with underdog biographies, this study found that consumers prefer small local service providers with passion and determination regardless of their disadvantages.
Originality/value - To the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first study to examine the effectiveness of underdog positioning in the context of individual service providers. As it competes with global service companies for domestic consumer preference in Korea, the findings have great implications for ensuring the sustainability of small local service providers.
Can Economic Sanctions be Grounds for Exemption under the CISG?
Authors:   Korea Trade Research Association, Kim Kyujin
Published: September 2022

Purpose - This paper studies whether economic sanctions can be used as grounds for a party to an international sales contract to get an exemption if he fails to meet his contractual obligation. Because the answer can differ depending on the governing law of the contract, this study focuses on CISG, the most widely recognized international uniform legal instrument as the governing law of the international sale of goods.
Design/methodology - This paper focuses on analyzing the conditions to meet before getting an exemption under CISG. For such analysis, this paper examined various scholarly writings, cases, and hypothetical examples reflecting a wide variety of economic sanction measures.
Findings - The findings of this paper are as follows. The main provision for exemption under CISG is Article 79(1), which provides for an exemption for a party that failed to perform if such failure was caused by an impediment that was uncontrollable, unforeseeable, and unavoidable; either a seller or a buyer may rely on the Article for his non-performance, delay, or defective performance. The Article is applicable not only where the economic sanction caused impossibility of performance but also where it caused hardship. The economic sanction will likely be found to be an uncontrollable impediment; however, it will be relatively more difficult to prove it to be unforeseeable or unavoidable.
Originality/value - The subject of this paper is whether a party can be exempted from liability under CISG when he fails to perform his contractual obligations due to economic sanctions. Given that this issue is now actually faced by many involved in international trade, it is expected to provide practical help to practitioners and companies alike.
Manejo de los residuos sólidos municipales y el desarrollo sostenible
Authors: Coacalla-Castillo Carlos-Enrique , Castro-Pérez Gladys-Marilú , Santa-Cruz Karla-Sadith , Torres-Chipana Amalia , Callalli-Merino Svetlania
Published: September 2022

Este libro es una adaptación de una investigación presentada en la Universidad Nacional Hermilio Valdizán, cuyo objetivo general fue determinar la relación entre el manejo integral de residuos sólidos y el desarrollo sostenible. Fue desarrollado a través de una investigación básica, con enfoque cuantitativo, dentro de un diseño no experimental de corte transversal y de nivel correlacional. La población en estudio fue toda la ciudad de Abancay (Perú), que de acuerdo al censo del 2017 es de 72 277 habitantes, a partir de esos datos se realizó un muestreo no probabilístico determinando una muestra de 246 habitantes. Para la obtención de los datos se elaboró dos cuestionarios, uno para cada variable. Los datos fueron procesados mediante procesos estadísticos no inferenciales e inferenciales. Para la contrastación de las hipótesis la prueba elegida fue el coeficiente de correlación Tau_b de Kendall, los resultados inferenciales permitieron llegar a la conclusión que a medida que el manejo de residuos sólidos municipales sea más adecuado, el desarrollo sostenible será mejor en la ciudad. Debido a que el p valor (,000) < α=,05. El coeficiente Tau_b = ,638 determina que el grado de relación entre las variables es moderado.
Recent advances in radiophotoluminescence materials for luminescence dosimetry
Authors: Okada Go , Koguchi Yasuhiro , Yanagida Takayuki , Kasap Safa , Nanto Hidehito
Published: September 2022

Radiophotoluminescence (RPL) is a phenomenon in which a luminescence centre is formed in a medium upon interaction with ionizing radiation. The RPL is observed by a conventional photoluminescence (PL) technique, and the PL intensity is proportional to the dose. With the latter feature, the RPL has found successful applications in personnel and environmental dosimetry. However, the conventional materials considered for radiation measurements may be limited to Ag-doped phosphate glass, LiF, and Al2O3:C,Mg. The recent research works, however, have found a number of additional RPL materials for luminescence dosimetry. The aim of the present paper is to review the series of newly reported RPL materials and potential applications in dosimetry.
Electric field effect on spectroscopic g-factor and magnetic anisotropy in a Pt/Co/MgO ultrathin film
Authors: Mizuno Hayato , Moriyama Takahiro , Tanaka Kensho , Kawaguchi Masashi , Koyama Tomohiro , Chiba Daichi , Ono Teruo
Published: September 2022

We demonstrate that magnetic crystal anisotropy (

K

u

) and spectroscopic g-factor can be modulated simultaneously by gate voltage in a Pt/Co/MgO ultrathin film with our ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) measurement based on the rectification effect. The g-factor reflects on orbital magnetic moment, indicating that the electric field induced-modulations of magnetic anisotropy in cobalt originate from the change of the anisotropy of orbital moments (

∆

m

L

). The quantitative estimation reveals that

∆

m

L

to

K

u

correlation when the electric field is applied significantly differs from the one inherent at the Pt/Co/MgO interfaces. This means that the correlation itself is also modulated by the electric field. Our results show that the FMR technique is very useful for probing the electric field effect on

K

u

.
Penerapan Metode Heart Metrics dalam Menganalisis User Experience Aplikasi E-Learning
Authors: Trenggono Brahmantio Widyo , Faroqi Asif , Wulansari Anita
Published: September 2022

Analysis of student experience in using an e-learning product which is one of the learning support facilities, needs to be done as a reference to improve the quality of the e-learning product, in order to provide a good quality learning space. This study aims to find out what are the priorities for improvement in the e-learning application of the ILMU “Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jawa Timur” based on the Heart Metrics measurement tool. Data was collected using a proportionate stratified simple random sampling approach. After the data is collected, the validity and reliability of the statement items are tested using Importance Performance Analysis (IPA). The results of the analysis show that there is a difference (gap) that is negative between perceptions and expectations, where the value of perception is smaller than expectations. Based on the results of the analysis, the largest gap value is in the Task Success variable with a 92.30% suitability level, which means that ILMU e-learning has not reached user expectations. The management of the ILMU e-learning manager is expected to pay more attention to the Task Success variable in order to improve the user experience on the e-learning.

Keywords: Importance Performance Analysis; Gap; Perception; Expectations

 

Abstrak. Analisis pengalaman mahasiswa dalam menggunakan sebuah produk e-learning yang menjadi salah satu fasilitas pendukung pembelajaran, perlu dilakukan sebagai acuan untuk meningkatkan kualitas produk e-learning tersebut, agar dapat menyediakan ruang pembelajaran yang berkualitas baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hal apa yang menjadi prioritas untuk ditingkatkan pada aplikasi e-learning ILMU Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jawa Timur berdasarkan alat ukur Heart Metrics. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan proportionate stratified simple random sampling. Setelah data dikumpulkan, dilakukan uji validitas dan reliabilitas terhadap item pernyataan dengan menggunakan Importance performance analysis (IPA). Hasil analisis menunjukkan adanya perbedaan (gap) yang bernilai negatif antara persepsi dan harapan, dimana nilai persepsi lebih kecil dibandingkan harapan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, nilai gap terbesar berada pada variabel Task Success dengan tingkat kesesuaian 92,30%, yang berarti e-learning ILMU belum mencapai harapan pengguna. Pihak manajemen pengelola e-learning ILMU diharapkan memberikan perhatian lebih pada variabel Task Success guna meningkatkan pengalama pengguna pada e-learning tersebut.

Kata kunci: Importance Performance Analysis; Gap; Persepsi; Harapan  
Prendere gallo
Authors: Cartago Gabriella
Published: September 2022

Un lettore ci chiede chiarimenti sull’espressione prendere gallo usata in contesti come “dopo un primo momento di sfortuna, l’avversario prese gallo e si riprese...”, o anche “questo modo di comportarsi sta prendendo gallo tra i giovani”.
Intrasubject connections as a means of ensuring students’ systematic knowledge of mathematics
Authors: Сherkaska L. , Moskalenko O. , Moskalenko Y. , Kovalenko O.
Published: September 2022

The article considers some aspects of establishing and using intra-subject connections in teaching mathematics. The comparison of the main content lines of the school algebra course is implemented on the level of theoretical generalizations and illustrated by the example of specific exercises.
DeepDefrag: a deep reinforcement learning framework for spectrum defragmentation
Authors: Etezadi Ehsan , Natalino Carlos , Diaz Renzo , Lindgren Anders , Melin Stefan , Wosinska Lena , Monti Paolo , Furdek Marija
Published: September 2022

An exponential growth of bandwidth demand, spurred by emerging network services, often with diverse characteristics and stringent performance requirements, drive the need for more dynamic operation of optical networks, efficient use of spectral resources, and automation. Spectrum fragmentation is one of the main challenges of dynamic, resource-efficient Elastic Optical Networks (EONs). Fragmented, stranded spectrum slots lead to poor resource utilization and increase the blocking probability of incoming service requests. Conventional approaches for Spectrum Defragmentation (SD) apply various criteria to decide when, and which portion of the spectrum to defragment. However, these polices often address only a subset of tasks related to defragmentation, are not adaptable, and have limited automation potential. To address these issues, we propose DeepDefrag, a novel framework based on reinforcement learning that addresses the main aspects of the SD process: determining when to perform defragmentation, which connections to reconfigure, and which part of the spectrum to reallocate them to. DeepDefrag outperforms the well-known Oldest-First FirstFit (OF-FF) defragmentation heuristic, substantially reducing blocking probability and defragmentation overhead.
Saliency-Sensitive Parametric Average-Value Modeling of Machine-Rectifier Systems--Part I: Modeling and Simulation
Authors: Ojo Isuje
Published: September 2022

This research focusses on developing a computationally efficient parametric average-value model of synchronous machine-rectifier systems.
A framework proposal to preview pecuniary fines for cyber crime using Brazilian res judicata processes and XGBoost algorithm
Authors: de Godoy Fonseca Cibele Andréa
Published: September 2022

A framework is a set of concepts used to solve a problem in a specific domain and this paper, one is proposed through the use of the data collected from Brazilian res judicata processes related to cyber crime and machine learning. Using machine learning methodology, specifically knowledge discovery in database, respecting each of its phases and through the execution of the XGBoost algorithm and SHAP, the results produced tend to help experts to discover patterns of the application of pecuniary fines by the court in the face of a set of applied laws and make predictions. 
Fast Sparse PCA via Positive Semidefinite Projection for Unsupervised Feature Selection
Authors: Zheng Junjing , Zhang Xinyu , Jiang Weidong , Huo Kai , Liu Yongxiang , Liu Li
Published: September 2022

In the field of unsupervised feature selection, sparse principal component analysis (SPCA) methods have attracted more and more attention recently. Compared to spectral-based methods, SPCA methods don’t rely on the construction of a similarity matrix and show better feature selection ability on real-world data. Existing convex SPCA methods reformulate SPCA as a convex model by regarding the reconstruction matrix as an optimization variable. However, they are lack of constraints equivalent to the orthogonality restriction in SPCA, leading to larger solution space. In this paper, a standard convex SPCA-based model for unsupervised feature selection is proposed and proven to have its optimal solution falling onto the Positive Semidefinite (PSD) Cone. Further, a two-step fast optimization algorithm via PSD projection is presented to solve the proposed model (SPCA-PSD), whose computational complexity is linear to the number of samples. Two other existing convex SPCA-based models’ optimal solution space is also proven to be the PSD cone. Therefore, the PSD versions of these two models are proposed to accelerate their convergence. Experiments on synthetic and real-world datasets demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed methods. 
Literature Study: Efficacious Indonesian Herbs for Lowering Cholesterol Levels
Authors: Wahyudi Wahyudi
Published: September 2022

High cholesterol is generally suffered by obese people, but it is possible that thin people can also experience it, especially by consuming foods that are low in fiber but high in fat. Cholesterol can settle on artery walls, so blood flow to the heart, brain, and other body parts can be blocked. There are several herbal ways that can reduce cholesterol levels in the blood, namely by administering avocado leaf extract and avocado fruit, soursop leaf extract, red dragon fruit, rambutan leaf extract and chayote stew as alternative therapy so as not to depend on synthetic drugs. The method used in writing this journal uses a literature review approach. The process of collecting journals is done by searching for literature sources based on specified criteria. The inclusion criteria taken include: journals published in the last 10 years. And the research sample used was obtained from Google Scholar. The results of previous studies explained that cholesterol can not only be treated by using synthetic drugs that come from a doctor's prescription but can also use herbal medicines such as avocado, red dragon fruit, and soursop leaf water extract.
Learning styles and Technology Livelihood Education (TLE) Competency Assessment of Junior High School Students: Input for a Competency-Based Program
Authors: Sepulveda Ma. Emily B.
Published: September 2022

The changing educational landscape and the vision of Education 4.0 have pushed curricular reforms in the Philippines. The K—12 Program was implemented to enhance the quality of education to uplift the Filipino learners' full potential, promoting equitable, culturally based skills and competency-based learning. With the recent educational developments, various modalities are essential to acquire the necessary competencies among learners. Specifically, the Technology Livelihood Education (TLE) under TechVoc is critical as it provides skilled courses to students in grades 7 to 12. Its ultimate goal is to train young individuals and help them gain the competencies and employability skills they need to qualify them to apply and work in local industries and other countries. Therefore, the researcher employed a descriptive correlational design to assess the competency of 50 Junior High School Students in Eulogio Rodriguez Vocational High School (ERVHS) with their learning styles. Results revealed that all of the respondents were competent and that no significant relationship exists between the respondents learning style and TLE competency. The post-structuralism theory implies that several factors must be considered, particularly students as learning agents. Moreover, the findings also critiqued the VARK model as an opportunity for future discourses on learning styles. Results geared at enhancing the least acquired competencies of students and input to the TLE intervention program.
Clinical Management of Internal Inflammatory Perforating and Non Perforating Root Resorption Associated With an Apical Resorption and a Cystic Lesion: A Case Report
Authors: Rania Mkaddem , Rim Mabrouk , Nadia Frih
Published: September 2022

Root resorption has been defined as the loss of dental hard tissue dentin and cementum as a result of osteoclastic cell action according to the glossary American association, of endodontics. It can occur following dental trauma; orthodontic treatment or chronic infection of the pulp and periodontal structure. It can lead to the loss of the tooth if untreated. Post traumatic root resorption could be challenging. The cone beam computed tomography allows making a reliable differential diagnosis between internal and external resorption as well to assess the extent of the lesion and the thickness of the residual walls in a 3d space. Timely intervention is essential for an optimum management. The present case aim was to report the surgical management of internal inflammatory perforating root resorption (IRR) complicated with a periapical cystic lesion using 3d imaging CBCT.
Role of Ultrasonography in Diagnosis of Appendicitis and Its Correlation with Age
Authors: Tariq Raisa , Jamil Maryam , Ali Abid , Azam Sadia
Published: September 2022

Background: Inflammation of appendix is most collective medical condition. Appendicitis can develops serious when it rupture. Perforation is additional common problem in many aged patients. Aim: The goal of study was to classify diagnosis of appendicitis on sonography and its correlation with age. Methodology: Cross-sectional study was directed on a group of patients who had appendicectomy at the same time. All data was summarised, including the patients age, sex, clinical findings, and ultrasound findings. Across-sectional assessment of 98 patients under age of 35 who required a physical exam and ultrasound findings was conducted. Individuals of various ages were divided into groups. Demography, clinical presentation, and diagnosis were compared between the groups. The diagnosis was made through clinical examination followed by ultrasonography. Different age groups are compared to ultrasonography findings. Results: During study, total number of patients were 98 under the age of 35 years with suspected appendicitis, 42males and 56 females. Appendix found in 74indiviuals, 47females and 27 males. Of all indiviualss, 74 were diagnosed by medical valuation and ultrasound findings. By performing ultrasound it has been evaluated that all patients had appendicitis. From total, 47 were females and 27 were male patients. Appendix was found in total 74 cases with associated other signs of tenderness. According to gender females were found more positive results of disease than males. Out of 98 patients 47 females with ultrasound positive results and 27males were with ultrasound positive results. To find out the relationship between age groups, gender and appendicitis results we applied chi square test. Output pf chi square test for age show that there is same relationship exist between different age groups and appendicitis result. The relationship was significant and we observed p value (0.045) which is less than (0.05) there is same relationship exist between different ......