bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of Neural Networks in the Problem of Quantitative Analysis of Air Composition
Authors: Bondar O. G. , Brezhneva E. O. , Chernyshov R. E.
Published: June 2020

Purpose of reseach is to develop a method for generating training data to enable the use of artificial neural networks (ANN) method in gas analyzer systems. The problem of increasing the accuracy of separate determination of gas concentrations in multicomponent mixtures under conditions of environmental parameters changes is considered. It is proposed to increase the accuracy of determining target gas concentrations by using the ANN method for joint processing of sensor signals.

Methods: Training data for the neural network were generated using numerical experiments and mathematical simulation methods. To assess the accuracy of training, the standard deviation (SD) was used and the relative error was calculated. ANN training and research were conducted in the MATLAB environment (the Neural Networks Toolbox application). When developing mathematical models of gas sensors, the theory of electrical circuits, electronic theory of chemisorption and the adsorption theory of heterogeneous catalysis were applied.

Results: A method for generating training data sets using mathematical models of gas sensors is described. The proposed training method has been tested on a specific task, in particular, a decision-making device based on ANN for a four-component gas analyzer has been developed. The efficiency of using neural networks for tuning out from the mutual cross-sensitivity of sensors was evaluated.

Conclusion: A method for generating training data using simulation models is proposed, which allows automazing the process of training, research, choosing the architecture and structure of ANN and their testing. The method was tested. Based on the analysis of the obtained errors, conclusions are made about the efficiency of using neural networks to reduce errors caused by cross sensitivity at different concentrations of the main and interfering gases.
Implementation Method of the Robot Adaptation to Contact Interaction Mode Changes Using Deep Fully Connected Neural Networks
Authors: Savin S. I. , Vorochaeva L. Yu. , Malchikov A. V. , Salikhzyanov A. M. , Zalyaev E. M.
Published: June 2020

Purpose of research. The present paper conserns the problem of using reaction predictors in the control system of bipedal walking robots. The main advantage of using predictors is the ability to exclude unknown reaction forces from the dynamics equations and, consequently, from the robot control problem statements based on the model. An additional advantage of predictor setting of control tasks is also discussed in the paper, namely the possibility of its use to predict changes in contact interaction modes, such as slipping motion or foot lifting from the supporting surface.

Methods. The following methods are used in the research: the method of dynamics of multi-mass systems is necessary for developing a mathematical model of the behavior of a walking robot and describing its contact interaction with the support surface, the method of neural networks is used to develop a predictor that allows one to forecast the values of reactions between the robot’s foot and the surface.

Results. The paper shows that there is a connection between the frequencies of the harmonic components of robot movements (the ratio p of these frequencies in the experiment and the training sample) and the quality of reactions predictor operation of the support surface. This indicates the importance of applying a representative spectrum of walking robot movement frequencies in forming a training sample, and the poor generalizability of the predictor in relation to movement frequency.

Conclusion. The paper has considered the use of a reaction predictor to identify the possibility of changing the mode of contact interaction, based on the measurement of discrepancies between local linearizations for various discrete steps. The results obtained in this work will be used in the development of a motion control system for a bipedal walking robot, which allows the device to adapt to the parameters of the support surface on which the movement occurs.
The Need to Develop Standard Measures of Patient Adherence for Big Data: Viewpoint
Authors: Kardas Przemyslaw , Aguilar-Palacio Isabel , Almada Marta , Cahir Caitriona , Costa Elisio , Giardini Anna , Malo Sara , Massot Mesquida Mireia , Menditto Enrica , Midão Luís , Parra-Calderón Carlos Luis , Pepiol Salom Enrique , Vrijens Bernard
Published: June 2020

Despite half a century of dedicated studies, medication adherence remains far from perfect, with many patients not taking their medications as prescribed. The magnitude of this problem is rising, jeopardizing the effectiveness of evidence-based therapies. An important reason for this is the unprecedented demographic change at the beginning of the 21st century. Aging leads to multimorbidity and complex therapeutic regimens that create a fertile ground for nonadherence. As this scenario is a global problem, it needs a worldwide answer. Could this answer be provided, given the new opportunities created by the digitization of health care? Daily, health-related information is being collected in electronic health records, pharmacy dispensing databases, health insurance systems, and national health system records. These big data repositories offer a unique chance to study adherence both retrospectively and prospectively at the population level, as well as its related factors. In order to make full use of this opportunity, there is a need to develop standardized measures of adherence, which can be applied globally to big data and will inform scientific research, clinical practice, and public health. These standardized measures may also enable a better understanding of the relationship between adherence and clinical outcomes, and allow for fair benchmarking of the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of adherence-targeting interventions. Unfortunately, despite this obvious need, such standards are still lacking. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to call for a consensus on global standards for measuring adherence with big data. More specifically, sound standards of formatting and analyzing big data are needed in order to assess, uniformly present, and compare patterns of medication adherence across studies. Wide use of these standards may improve adherence and make health care systems more effective and sustainable.
Utilizing Theories and Evaluation in Digital Gaming Interventions to Increase Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Among Young Males: Qualitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Darville Gabrielle , Burns Jade , Chavanduka Tanaka , Anderson-Lewis Charkarra
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the United States. HPV attributes to most cancers including anal, oral, cervical, and penile. Despite infection rates in the United States, recommendations and communication campaigns have traditionally focused on females. Because of this, males lack knowledge about reasons for vaccination, the benefits of being vaccinated, and their HPV risk, overall. Gaming as a health education strategy can be beneficial as mechanism that can promote behavior change for this key demographic because of the popularity of gaming.

OBJECTIVE

We sought to explore the relationship between gamification and HPV vaccine uptake.

METHODS

Interviews were conducted with experts (n=22) in the fields of cancer prevention, sexual and reproductive health, public health, game design, technology, and health communication on how a game should be developed to increase HPV vaccination rates among males.

RESULTS

Overwhelmingly, theoretical models such as the health belief model were identified with key constructs such as self-efficacy and risk perception. Experts also suggested using intervention mapping and logic models as planning tools for health promotion interventions utilizing a digital game as a medium. In game and out of game measures were discussed as assessments for quality and impact by our expert panel.

CONCLUSIONS

This study shows that interventions should focus on whether greater utilization of serious games, and the incorporation of theory and standardized methods, can encourage young men to get vaccinated and to complete the series of HPV vaccinations.
Continuous Glucose Monitoring With Low-Carbohydrate Diet Coaching in Adults With Prediabetes: Mixed Methods Pilot Study (Preprint)
Authors: Yost Olivia , DeJonckheere Melissa , Stonebraker Spring , Ling Grace , Buis Lorraine , Pop-Busui Rodica , Kim Noa , Mizokami-Stout Kara , Richardson Caroline
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is preventable; however, few patients with prediabetes participate in prevention programs. The use of user-friendly continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) with low-carbohydrate diet coaching is a novel strategy to prevent T2DM.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to determine the patient satisfaction and feasibility of an intervention combining CGM use and low-carbohydrate diet coaching in patients with prediabetes to drive dietary behavior change.

METHODS

We conducted a mixed methods, single-arm pilot and feasibility study at a suburban family medicine clinic. A total of 15 adults with prediabetes with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels between 5.7% and 6.4% and a BMI >30 kg/m2 were recruited to participate. The intervention and assessments took place during 3 in-person study visits and 2 qualitative phone interviews (3 weeks and 6 months after the intervention). During visit 1, participants were asked to wear a CGM and complete a food intake and craving log for 10 days. During visit 2, the food intake and craving log along with the CGM results of the participants were reviewed and the participants received low-carbohydrate diet coaching, including learning about carbohydrates and personalized feedback. A second CGM sensor, with the ability to scan and record glucose trends, was placed, and the participants logged their food intake and cravings as they attempted to reduce their total carbohydrate intake (<100 g/day). During visit 3, the participants reviewed their CGM and log data. The primary outcome was satisfaction with the use of CGM and low-carbohydrate diet. The secondary outcomes included feasibility, weight, and HbA1c change, and percentage of time spent in hyperglycemia. Changes in attitudes and risk perception of developing diabetes were also assessed.

RESULTS

The overall satisfaction rate of our intervention was 93%. The intervention induced a weight reduction of 1.4 lb (P=.02) and a reduction of HbA1c levels by 0.71% (P<.001) since enrollment. Although not significantly, the percentage of time above glucose goal and average daily glucose levels decreased slightly during the study period. Qualitative interview themes indicated no major barriers to CGM use; the acceptance of a low-carbohydrate diet; and that CGMs helped to visualize the impact of carbohydrates on the body, driving dietary changes.

CONCLUSIONS

The use of CGMs and low-carbohydrate diet coaching to drive dietary changes in patients with prediabetes is feasible and acceptable to patients. This novel method merits further exploration, as the preliminary data indicate that combining CGM use with low-carbohydrate diet coaching drives dietary changes, which may ultimately prevent T2DM.

CLINICALTRIAL
The Use of Virtual Reality Technologies in the Treatment of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Baeza-Barragán Maria Rosa , Labajos Manzanares Maria Teresa , Ruiz Vergara Carmen , Casuso-Holgado María Jesús , Martín-Valero Rocío
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND

Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a serious and progressive disease affecting one in 3500-6000 live male births. The use of new virtual reality technologies has revolutionized the world of youth rehabilitation.

OBJECTIVE

We performed a systematic review to study the effectiveness of the use of virtual reality systems applied in the rehabilitation of the upper limbs of individuals with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

METHODS

Between June 2018 and September 2019, we carried out a series of searches in 5 scientific databases: (1) PubMed, (2) Web of Science, (3) Scopus, (4) The Cochrane Library, and (5) MEDLINE via EBSCO. Two evaluators independently conducted the searches following the PRISMA recommendations for systematic reviews for articles. Two independent evaluators collated the results. Article quality was determined using the PEDro scale.

RESULTS

A total of 7 clinical trials were included in the final review. These studies used new technologies as tools for physiotherapeutic rehabilitation of the upper limbs of patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Collectively, the studies showed improvement in functionality, quality of life, and motivation with the use of virtual reality technologies in the rehabilitation of upper limbs of individuals with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

CONCLUSIONS

The treatment of neuromuscular diseases has changed in recent years, from palliative symptom management to preventive methods for capacity building. The use of virtual reality is beginning to be necessary in the treatment of progressive diseases involving movement difficulties, as it provides freedom and facilitates the improvement of results in capacity training. Given that new technologies are increasingly accessible, rehabilitation and physiotherapy programs can use these technologies more frequently, and virtual reality environments can be used to improve task performance, which is essential for people with disabilities. Ultimately, virtual reality can be a great tool for physiotherapy and can be used for Duchenne muscular dystrophy rehabilitation programs to improve patient performance during training.

CLINICALTRIAL

PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42018102548; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=102548
An EMG-based Eating Behaviour Monitoring System with Haptic Feedback to Promote Mindful Eating (Preprint)
Authors: Ang Chee Siang , Nicholls Benjamin , Kanjo Eiman , Siriyaraya Panote , Yeo Woon-Hong , Tsanas Athanasios
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND

Mindless eating, or the lack of awareness of the food we are consuming, has been linked to health problems attributed to unhealthy eating behaviour, including obesity. Traditional approaches used to moderate eating behaviour often rely on inaccurate self-logging, manual observations or bulky equipment. Overall, there is a need for an intelligent and lightweight system which can automatically monitor eating behaviour and provide feedback.

OBJECTIVE

In this paper, we investigate: i) the development of an automated system for detecting eating behaviour using wearable Electromyography (EMG) sensors, and ii) the application of such a system in combination with real time wristband haptic feedback to facilitate mindful eating.

METHODS

Data collected from 16 participants were used to develop an algorithm for detecting chewing and swallowing. We extracted 18 features from EMG and presented those features to different machine learning classifiers. Based on this algorithm, we developed a system to enable participants to self-moderate their chewing behaviour using haptic feedback. An experiment study was carried out with 20 additional participants to evaluate the effectiveness of eating monitoring and haptic interface in promoting mindful eating.

RESULTS

Our proposed algorithm is able to automatically assess eating behaviour accurately using the EMG-extracted features and a Support Vector Machine (SVM): F1-Score=0.94 for chewing classification, and F1-Score=0.86 for swallowing classification. The experimental study showed that that participants exhibited a lower rate of chewing when haptic feedback delivered in forms of wristband vibration was used compared to a baseline and non-haptic condition (F (2,38) = 58.243, p <.001).

CONCLUSIONS

These findings may have major implications for research in eating behaviour, providing key insights into the impacts of automatic chewing detection and haptic feedback systems on moderating eating behaviour with the aim to improve health outcomes.
Using Infodemiology Metrics to Assess Public Interest in Liver Transplantation: Google Trends Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Effenberger Maria , Kronbichler Andreas , Bettac Erica , Grabherr Felix , Grander Christoph , Adolph Timon Erik , Mayer Gert , Zoller Heinz , Perco Paul , Tilg Herbert
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND

Liver transplantation (LT) is the only curative treatment for end-stage liver disease. Less than 10% of global transplantation needs are met worldwide, and the need for LT is still increasing. The death rates on the waiting list remain too high.

OBJECTIVE

It is, therefore, critical to raise awareness among the public and health care providers and in turn increasingly acquire donors.

METHODS

We performed a Google Trends search using the search terms liver transplantation and liver transplant on October 15, 2020. On the basis of the resulting monthly data, the annual average Google Trends indices were calculated for the years 2004 to 2018. We not only investigated the trend worldwide but also used data from the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS), Spain, and Eurotransplant. Using pairwise Spearman correlations, Google Trends indices were examined over time and compared with the total number of liver transplants retrieved from the respective official websites of UNOS, the Organización Nacional de Trasplantes, and Eurotransplant.

RESULTS

From 2004 to 2018, there was a significant decrease in the worldwide Google Trends index from 78.2 in 2004 to 20.5 in 2018 (–71.2%). This trend was more evident in UNOS than in the Eurotransplant group. In the same period, the number of transplanted livers increased worldwide. The waiting list mortality rate was 31% for Eurotransplant and 29% for UNOS. However, in Spain, where there are excellent awareness programs, the Google Trends index remained stable over the years with comparable, increasing LT numbers but a significantly lower waiting list mortality (15%).

CONCLUSIONS

Public awareness in LT has decreased significantly over the past two decades. Therefore, novel awareness programs should be initialized.
Color Attributes and Glycolytic Energy Metabolites of Meat From Light and Heavy Bovine Feedlot Carcasses Stimulated With Low-Voltage Electricity
Authors: Agbeniga Babatunde , Webb Edward C.
Published: June 2020

This study investigates the influence of timing and duration of low-voltage electrical stimulation (ES) as well as carcass weight, which are important factors affecting muscle glycolysis and meat color attributes. Longissimus samples from 147 cattle, representative of typical South African feedlot cattle, were assigned to 10 treatment groups according to the combination of carcass weight (small or heavy), time of ES (early [7 min] or late [45 min] postmortem), and duration of ES (30 or 60 s). Early ES and longer ES duration (60 s) produced the highest (P < 0.05) meat lightness (L*). The combination of early ES and heavier carcasses produced the highest (P < 0.05) chroma (C*) 2 d postmortem (butchery period). These results were corroborated by the energy metabolites, such that early stimulation produced the highest amount (P < 0.05) of muscle lactate, glucose, and glucose-6-phosphate, as well as the lowest glycogen, creatine phosphate, and adenosine triphosphate early postmortem. This shows that the application of low-voltage ES on heavier carcass is advantageous in terms of meat color, but the advantages diminish as ageing progressed from 2 to 14 d postmortem.
Aprendizaje conceptual del tema concentración de disoluciones: análisis de imágenes de libros de texto universitario
Authors: Raviolo Andrés , Farré Andrea Soledad
Published: June 2020

En este artículo se realiza una breve discusión en torno al rol de las imágenes en el aprendizaje y al papel que juegan en los libros de texto. También se lleva adelante una revisión de las principales dificultades y concepciones alternativas que presentan estudiantes de nivel medio y universitario en el aprendizaje del tema concentración de disoluciones y, sobre esta base, se especifican los aspectos conceptuales deseables a ser abordados en la enseñanza de este tema. Posteriormente se indaga si estos aspectos son tenidos en cuenta en explicaciones o ejercicios que empleen imágenes en libros de texto de primer año de universidad. Se analizaron 25 libros de química general editados entre los años 2000-2020, hallándose que los textos editados en los últimos 10 años han duplicado el número de imágenes sobre aspectos conceptuales de concentración, con respecto a los 10 años anteriores, y que ha aumentado el uso de diagramas de partículas. Se discuten las implicancias educativas de los resultados encontrados.
Wordplay or Paradigm Shift: The Meaning of “Research Impact”
Authors: Farley-Ripple Elizabeth
Published: June 2020

Research impact is increasingly a global issue, yet it is still emerging in the context of U.S. education. This article synthesizes insights on this issue from key thought leaders in various roles in the U.S. education system, including their perspectives on defining, motivating, measuring, and supporting research impact. These insights offer the conceptual framing for this special issue of the International Journal of Education Policy and Leadership (IJEPL) and highlight several themes and tensions associated with research impact. The call for articles focused on these insights, which are addressed in the pieces that constitute this special issue.
Percepción de la importancia de las necesidades de los familiares de pacientes en una UCI
Authors: Castillo Villablanca Jasna Marlene , Lagos Sánchez Zita Elena
Published: June 2020

Introducción. La familia del paciente hospitalizado en una unidad de cuidados intensivos experimenta un grupo único de necesidades; conocer su importancia y estrategias para satisfacerlas puede mejorar los resultados en los pacientesy acompañantes. El objetivo es identiicar la percepción de importancia y satisfacción de necesidades de los familiares de pacientes de una unidad de cuidados intensivos. Materiales y Métodos. Estudio descriptivo donde se administró el instrumento validado en Chile, Critical Care Family Needs Inventory a 37 familiares en un hospital universitario. Este instrumento mide 5 dimensiones asociadas a las necesidades de los familiares de pacientes hospitalizados en una UCI tiene un Alpha de Cronbach de 0,93. Se realizó estadística descriptiva, test Mann-Whitney y Kruskal Wallis. Resultados. Las necesidades más importantes percibidas por los familiares pertenecieron a la dimensión “seguridad” y las menos importantes a la dimensión “apoyo”. La dimensión más satisfecha fue “seguridad” y la menos satisfecha “comodidad”. En las dimensiones “apoyo” y “proximidad” se encontraron diferencias en la priorización de necesidades según sexo. Conclusión. La priorización de las necesidades familiares coincide con la literatura analizada. Conocer las necesidades familiares permitiría construir un modelo de atención centrado en el paciente y la familia.
Úlceras por presión en pacientes de un hospital de alta complejidad en Chile
Authors: Leiva-Caro José Alex , Gutiérrez Parada Natalia Andrea , Vidal Reyes María Priscila , Rivera Torres Carla María Ester , Luengo Martínez Carolina
Published: June 2020

Introducción. Dentro de los Eventos Adversos (EA) que se reportan relacionados con la Gestión del Cuidado de Enfermería se encuentran las Úlceras Por Presión (UPP). Estas lesiones cobran un protagonismo especial al momento de caracterizar los eventos más frecuentes en relación con el cuidado enfermero, tanto por el aumento de los días de estadía hospitalaria como por los altos costos económicos y emocionales asociados. El objetivo del estudio fue describirlas características de las UPP en pacientes adultos ingresados en un hospital de alta complejidad en Chile. Material y Método. Estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo. Se analizó una muestra de 265 pacientes (mayor o igual a 15 años), hospitalizados en un establecimiento de salud de alta complejidad de la región de Ñuble, que presentaron úlcera(s) por presión notiicada(s) como EA mediante formulario establecido institucionalmente, en el periodo 2016-2017. Seutilizó estadística descriptiva y el programa SPSS versión 25. Resultados. Los servicios clínicos con mayor notiicación de UPP fueron, Cirugía Indiferenciada (38,1%), Unidad de Paciente Crítico Adulto (18,9%) y Medicina (17,7%). Las UPP se localizan principalmente en zona sacra (29,4%) y talón (24,9%). El promedio UPP por paciente es de 1,3 (DS= 0,69) y se clasifican mayoritariamente en estadio I y II. La incidencia de UPP a nivel hospitalario fue igual al 0,79% y se pueden presentar desde el primer día de hospitalización. Conclusión. Es trascendental que el profesional de enfermería analice este EA, para implementar medidas de enfrentamiento efectivas, que contribuyan en la mejora de la calidad de los cuidados enfermeros.
FAKTOR – FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI MINAT APARATUR SIPIL NEGARA UNTUK MELAKUKAN TINDAKAN WHISTLEBLOWING
Authors: Safitri Devi , Silalahi Sem Paulus
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji faktor – faktor yang mempengaruhi minat aparatur sipil negara untuk melakukan tindakan whistleblowing di SKPD Kabupaten Kuantan Sengingi. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian merupakan data primer yang dikumpulkan melalui survei kuesioner diperoleh secara langsung. Menggunakan sampel 70 orang  aparatur sipil negara SKPD Kabupaten Kuantan Sengingi yang berasal dari 43 unit kerja yang berbeda. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan Partial Least Square (PLS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial sikap, komitmen organisasi, intensitas moral, personal cost dan tingkat keseriusan kecurangan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap minat aparatur sipil negara untuk melakukan tindakan whistle-blowing
PENGARUH DEBT TO EQUITY RATIO DAN NET PROFIT MARGIN TERHADAP PERATAAN LABA DENGAN ROA SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERASI (Studi Kasus Pada Perusahaan Pertambangan Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2011-2015)
Authors: Kurniawati Elok
Published: June 2020

This research aims to know the influence of debt to equity ratio and net profit margin toward income smoothing and the influence of roa as the moderate correlation. The object for this research is mining company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) in the period 2011-2015. This study uses Eckel Index to classify a company that does or does not practice income smoothing. The sample used in this study is a 10 mining companies listed on the Stock Exchange in the five years from 2011 to 2015 with the selection purposive sampling method. The statistical analysis used in this study with descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression. The result of this research shows that either simultaneously or partially, the variable of net profit margin influence negatively with the income smoothing on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI). But variable debt to equity ratio do not influence the income smoothing.
CORPORATE OWNERSHIP, KARAKTERISTIK EKSEKUTIF, DAN INTENSITAS ASET TETAP TERHADAP PENGHINDARAN PAJAK
Authors: Sulistiyanti Umi , Nugraha R. Andro Zylio
Published: June 2020

Tax avoidance is a legal action carried out by corporate taxpayer to reduce, minimize, and alleviate the tax burden in the manner permitted by law. Nowdays, there are a lot of tax avoidance cases in Indonesia. Indonesia is ranked 11th largest with the highest tax avoidance cases with an estimated value of 6.48 billion US dollars. This study aims to analyze the Influence of corporate ownership, executive characteristics, and the intensity of fixed assets on tax avoidance.The research’s population of this study were 152 manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2015,2016, and 2017. This research samples were 62 companies or 167 observation data selected by purposive sampling method. The data used secondary data that obtained from Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) and it was analyzed by multiple regression.The results of the study show that Family Ownership and Institutional Ownership have no effect on Tax Avoidance. While managerial ownership has a positive effect on Tax Avoidance. Executive characteristics and Intensity of Fixed Assets have negative effect on Tax Avoidance.
Estudo das alterações morfológicas causadas pela uretana em modelo de carcinogênese bucal DMBA-induzida
Authors: Marques Mesquita Ana Terezinha , Lages Lima Nádia , Dos Santos Souza Mireile S. G. , Dornela Verli Flaviana
Published: June 2020

A proposta deste trabalho resultou da necessidade de se avaliar o potencial carcinogênico da uretana, em concentragoes mais baixas, a partir do modelo experimental de carcinogenese bucal DMBA-induzida. Cem hamsters sírios dourados foram separados em cinco grupos experimentais. 0 grupo 1 recebeu aplicações topicas de uretana 0.5% na borda lateral da língua; grupo 2, uretana 6%; grupo 3 uretana 0.5% + DMBA; grupo 4, uretana 6% + DMBA, e o grupo 5 — DMBA (controle positivo). Os dados obtidos mostraram que a uretana a 0.5% e 6% não induziu alterações histolOgicas nos grupos 1 e 2. A formação de carcinomas nos animais tratados com uretana e DMBA ocorreu em proporções menores quando comparada com o grupo controle positivo (DMBA). A uretana a 0.5% e 6% reduziu a carcinogenicidade do DMBA, e não apresentou potencial carcinogenic° de iniciação, promoção e/ou progressão.
Avaliação quantitativa de núcleo/citoplasma e AgNORs em células da mucosa bucal de fumantes e não-fumantes
Authors: Soares Pinto Tatiana Andrea , Varvaki Rados Pantelis , Sant'Ana Filho Manoel , Diniz Barbachan João Jorge
Published: June 2020

A citopatologia bucal é um método de diagnóstico baseado em células obtidas por raspagem. Com a finalidade de constatar quantitativamente as alterações celulares ocasionadas pelo fumo em mucosa bucal normal, durante a Campanha de Combate ao Câncer de Novo Hamburgo/RS de 2000, foram selecionados todos os indivíduos homens, fumantes e não-fumantes, acima de 40 anos e sem lesão bucal aparente. O processo de seleção resultou em um total de 13 fumantes e 9 não-fumantes. Os sítios bucais estudados foram: lábio, soalho bucal e língua. De cada sítio estudado foram obtidos dois esfregaços, sendo o primeiro submetido à técnica de impregnação pela prata (AgNORs) para avaliação quantitativa via IMAGELAB e o segundo ao método de Papanicolaou Modificado para confirmação de normalidade. Através do teste estatístico Mann-Whitney (p =0,05) foram obtidos os seguintes resultados: (1) em soalho, o numero de AgNORs por núcleo foi superior em fumantes comparado ao grupo não-fumantes; (2) em língua, a relação núcleo/citoplasma em fumantes é maior em comparação aos não-fumantes; (3) em lábio, o grupo com média acima de 3 AgNORs/núcleo apresentou área nuclear maior. Considerando que cada sítio possui comportamento específico frente às injúrias ocasionadas pelo fumo, concluímos que as referências quantitativas de relação núcleo/citoplasma e número de AgNORs/núcleos são eficazes para o controle de alterações celulares prévias à lesão bucal visível.
Carcinoma Verrucoso e Leucoplasia em um mesmo paciente: relato de caso clínico
Authors: Janete Grando Liliane , Fernandes Ângela , Roth Volkweis Maurício , Zancanaro de Figueiredo Maria Antonia , Soares Yurgel Liliane , Cherubini Karen
Published: June 2020

Os autores descrevem o caso clínico de duas lesões presentes há mais de 4 anos, em uma paciente do sexo feminino, 65 anos de idade, que negou hábitos de tabagismo e etilismo. Uma das lesões encontrava-se em mucosa jugal, lado direito, exofítica, com superfície verrucóide e esbranquiçada; outra localizava-se na borda da língua, lado direito, em forma de placa branca. Os diagnósticos clínicos estabelecidos foram de Carcinoma Verrucoso para a lesão de mucosa jugal e de Leucoplasia para a lesão de língua, os quais foram confirmados no exame histopatológico. A paciente foi encaminhada para remoção cirúrgica de ambas as lesões. Decorridos 6 meses da cirurgia, a mesma encontra-se em bom estado de saúde geral, recuperando os movimentos faciais e linguais, através de fisioterapia.
El poder legislativo en las provincias argentinas
Authors: González Cristian Ezequiel
Published: June 2020

En el presente trabajo analizaré diversos aspectos del poder legislativo de la provincia de Córdoba (considerando éste ejercido por un órgano) comparando con las otras provincias del país, como así también indicar su diferente organización, sus funciones características y su sistema electoral. Además, mencionaré lo relativo a sus miembros, como son los requisitos de elegibilidad, las incompatibilidades, duración de mandatos, el régimen de suplencias, privilegios, inmunidades, sanción y remoción. También expresaré sintéticamente el modo de funcionamiento del parlamento vinculado con el quórum, clase de sesiones, modo de deliberación, mayorías para la toma de decisiones, sobre la formación y sanción de leyes en la provincia de Córdoba en comparación con el funcionamiento de las legislaturas de otras provincias.
Protecciones e indemnizaciones en casos de despido discriminatorio
Authors: Ciappino Angel L.
Published: June 2020

El derecho laboral regula el despido discriminatorio como una práctica considerada arbitraria, ilegal, desigual, y que va en contra de los principios generales del derecho, principalmente el principio de igualdad y demás derechos fundamentales. Trabajar es un derecho fundamental que hace a la subsistencia económica, social y familiar de las personas y debe ser desarrollado de manera libre, garantizada, sin restricciones ni discriminaciones. A lo largo de este trabajo analizare el despido arbitrario, y como su aplicación vulnera principios y derechos fundamentales, como es ejercido por el empleador en las etapas laborales, quien tiene la carga probatoria, como se garantiza el debido proceso, como evoluciona la legislación logrando una armonización con las diversas fuentes del derecho como ser fuentes autónomas y convencionales.
El covid-19 en américa latina: situación y desafíos del sistema internacional
Authors: Saavedra Calderón José Antonio
Published: June 2020

La admisibilidad del reclamo colectivo que canaliza judicialmente pretensiones individuales homogéneas requiere, en la instancia liminar del juicio, no solo de la acreditación de la causa fáctica común, sino que la vía se presente como más idónea o superior a la acción individual. No obstante, si se involucran asuntos de tutela preferente para el estado nacional, el análisis de la procedencia de la superioridad de la vía en la oportunidad de sentenciar, luce, no solo prudente, sino conforme al sistema interamericano de derechos humanos.
Religiøsitet og livssyn i Kyst-Norge på 1800-talet i eit komparativt nordisk og nordatlantisk perspektiv
Authors: Løseth Arnljot
Published: June 2020

Artikkelen vil konsentrerer seg om dei religiøse vekkingane, fråhaldsrørsla og seksuell åtferd i Kyst-Norge på 1800-talet, og alt vil bli sett inn i eit komparativt nordisk og nordatlantisk perspektiv. Artikkelen vil også kome inn på kva slags eventuelle verknader puritanske rørsler og livsførsel kunne ha hatt å seie for den økonomiske utviklinga i kystsamfunna.
Effects of empagliflozin and L-ornithine L-aspartate on behavior, cognitive functions, and physical performance in mice with experimentally induced steatohepatitis
Authors: Prikhodko VA , Sysoev YuI , Poveryaeva MA , Bunyat AV , Karev VE , Ivkin DYu , Sukhanov DS , Shustov EB , Okovityi SV
Published: June 2020

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic condition characterized by disturbed carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and often complicated by psychoneurological symptoms, including anxiety, depression, memory deficit, and asthenia. Most studies of pharmacotherapy candidates for NAFLD focus on the ability of the tested drugs to restore the biochemical functions and morphology of the liver while their potential effects on the co-existing conditions remain overlooked. The aim of this paper was to investigate the effects of empagliflozin and L-ornithine L-aspartate (OA) on behavior, memory, and physical performance in C57BL/6 mice with experimentally induced NAFLD (6 months of a Western diet + weekly carbon tetrachloride injections). The disease affected animal behavior (locomotion speed decreased by 38% and 35%, p < 0.01; rearing increased by 432% and 279%, p < 0.05 etc.), induced long-term memory deficit (latency to find the target box increased by 108% in the Barnes maze, the number of errors increased by 439%, p < 0.05), and compromised physical performance (swimming time in the forced swim test dropped by 50%, p < 0.05 etc.). When administered during the high-calorie diet period, both drugs reduced anxiety (empagliflozin: the number of grooming bouts rose by 160%, p < 0.05 and 2173%, p < 0.01; time spent in the light compartment in the light/dark box test increased by 275%, p < 0.05, etc.; OA: time spent in the open arms of the maze increased by 267%, p < 0.05), and promoted memory retention in mice with NAFLD. OA improved physical performance (swimming time in the forced swimming test improved by 106%, p < 0.05, etc.). Thus, empagliflozin and OA can have a beneficial effect on cognitive functions, as well as behavior, and ameliorate asthenia in NAFLD.
Особенности учета фонда в библиотеке и бухгалтерии вуза
Authors: Тимонина Любовь
Published: June 2020

В статье рассматриваются особенности учета литературы в библиотеке и бухгалтерии на примере государственного университета «Дубна». Приведена общая схема закупки литературы, примеры ведения бухгалтерской базы данных и учетной документации библиотеки в конкретном вузе. Перечислены часто встречающиеся расхождения по накладной и учетной документации библиотеки. Указаны проблемы при списании литературы, связанные с различными подходами к учету фонда в бухгалтерии и библиотеки и разнородностью учетных записей. Определено, что проблемы интеграции учета фонда в библиотеке и бухгалтерии возникают из-за различий требований в нормативной документации и особенностей ведения бухгалтерского учета в конкретной организации.
MODEL OF FAMILY SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING IN RURAL AND SUB URBAN FAMILIES
Authors: Puspitawati Herien , Sarma Ma'mun , Herawati Tin , Yuliati Lilik Noor , Azizah Yasmin
Published: June 2020

Well-being of family and child can help them to deal with problems that occur in their lives. The main objectives of the study were to analyze using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) on the examination of the effect of family characteristics and child-parents relations on family and child subjective well-being. This was a census method and a descriptive cross-sectional study design. This study was conducted on highland farmer families living in Cianjur Regency as a typical rural family and the sub-urban of Bogor City boundary as a typical sub urban family. Samples of this study amounted to 203 families consisting of 99 families with males and 104 families with females who were examined through the census method in selected primary schools. There was no significantly difference between the reports of children and mothers to the variables of child and parent relations. However, there was a significantly difference between the child's and mother's reports to the subjective well-being variable with the condition that the child reports higher in subjective well-being for both material and non-material well-being compared to his/her mother's report. The results showed that gender latent variables directly influence the latent variable of child-parent relations. Finally, the latent variable of child-parent relationship had a direct effect on the latent variable of family and children's subjective well-being for both material and non-material.
SPECTRUM AWARE CLUSTERING ALGORITHM BASED ON FUZZY LOGIC FOR COGNITIVE RADIO SENSOR NETWORK
Authors: Mohamed Noor Noorhayati , Md Din Norashidah , Abdullah Shapina , Khalid Nor Azimah , Kasiran Zolidah
Published: June 2020

In this paper, a clustering solution for periodic data gathering over WSNs using cognitive radio technology is proposed. The cluster heads (CHs) are selected according to the channel availability, residual energy, communication cost and node distribution parameters. Fuzzy logic and weight based techniques combines the four parameters for the CH selection. The cluster formation is based on the relative channel availability between the cluster member (CM) and CH to ensure stable cluster connectivity from link failure. To evaluate the proposed clustering algorithm, the performance of sensor networks is compared with CogLEACH, LEACH and CHEF routing protocols. The simulation results show that the proposed clustering algorithm effectively has a significant improvement with respect to the network stability without reducing the network instability and network lifetime. In addition, the proposed clustering solution also has a low and almost consistent CH energy consumption during the stability period indicating an efficient cluster formation.
OPTIMAL FEASIBLE SOLUTIONS TO A ROAD FREIGHT TRANSPORTATION PROBLEM
Authors: Latunde Tolulope , Richard Joseph Oluwaseun , Esan Opeyemi Odunayo , Dare Damilola Deborah
Published: June 2020

For twenty decades, there is a visible ever forward advancement in the technology of mobility, vehicles and transportation system in general. However, there is no "cure-all" remedy ideal enough to solve all life problems but mathematics has proven that if the problem can be determined, it is most likely solvable. New methods and applications will keep coming to making sure that life problems will be solved faster and easier. This study is to adopt a mathematical transportation problem in the Coca-Cola company aiming to help the logistics department manager of the Asejire and Ikeja plant to decide on how to distribute demand by the customers and at the same time, minimize the cost of transportation. Here, different algorithms are used and compared to generate an optimal solution, namely; North West Corner Method (NWC), Least Cost Method (LCM) and Vogel’s Approximation Method (VAM). The transportation model type in this work is the Linear Programming as the problems are represented in tables and results are compared with the result obtained on Maple 18 software. The study shows various ways in which the initial basic feasible solutions to the problem can be obtained where the best method that saves the highest percentage of transportation cost with for this problem is the NWC. The NWC produces the optimal transportation cost which is 517,040 units.
ANALYZING USER BEHAVIOUR AND PAGE VIEWS BASED ON VISITOR TRAFFIC IN KOLEJ UNIVERSITI POLY-TECH MARA WEBSITE USING GOOGLE ANALYTIC
Authors: Othman Shuhadah , Adnan Rukhiyah , Khairuzzaman Mohamed Ghazali , Ismail Noraini
Published: June 2020

The approach of the Internet has affected organizations in numerous features. The website has become an integral part of the organizations, from publicizing the organization's profile to giving web services. This study is to evaluate and analyze user behaviour pattern at Kolej Universiti Poly-Tech MARA (KUPTM) website using Google Analytics (GA) as one of the web analytic tools. Website design and its services have become a crucial part for Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) to attract users in visiting their website. Therefore, the use of web analytic tools can be an effective solution in measuring, analyzing and identifying the traffic sources for a website. Google tag was added to all KUPTM’s website and the measurement periods has been done between May 2019 and October 2019. Results have shown that the number of visitors is significantly higher during the weekdays and are affected by external stimulus. An external stimulus, such as promotional activities would increase the number of website visitors. The visit trends show weekly fluctuation in the numbers. It records high numbers of visits during the weekdays and fewer visitors during the weekend. The fluctuation could be due to the number of visits were from internal users, i.e. KUPTM employees and students. The capability of Google Analytics to analyze website traffics in terms of collecting data regarding page views, user interaction flow and visitor behaviour will benefit the organization for making a decision.
Icelandic as a second language: university students’ experiences
Authors: Benediktsson Artëm Ingmar , Ragnarsdóttir Hanna
Published: June 2020

The aim of this paper is to present and analyze how university students experience teaching methods of Icelandic as a second language and communication with teachers during the learning process. The theoretical framework includes multicultural education theory and second language teaching and learning theories. The findings are based on qualitative interviews with twelve students who study Icelandic as a second language at the University of Iceland. The analysis of the interviews revealed that the participants were generally satisfied with the learning environment and had positive experiences of communication with the majority of the teachers. Nevertheless, the participants described themselves as being rather passive recipients of knowledge in the courses where explicit teaching of grammar was applied, and lacking active participation in the learning process. Additionally, the participants encountered several challenges during the learning process such as issues related to task-based and group assignments and, in some cases, teachers lacked understanding of different students’ needs, such as that of providing extra learning materials.
Understanding menstrual characteristics from the perspective of reproductive energetics: a study on the adolescent Oraon tribal populations
Authors: Thakur Joyeeta , Goswami Monali , Roy Subho
Published: June 2020

The energetic costs of ovarian functions rely on the oxidizable fuels synthesized from carbohydrate, protein and fat that contribute to body’s fat storage. Energy deficient diet in association with low body fat may disrupt normal ovulatory function and lead to several menstrual irregularities. We examined the association of nutritional status with menstrual characteristics among a group of adolescent Oraon tribal population of West Bengal, India. We selected 301 adolescent girls, aged 10-19 years. Information on socio-demographic status, menstrual characteristics and assessment of the dietary intake and nutritional status were collected following standard protocol. ‘Healthy weight’ participants more likely reported irregularity in periods and skipping of menstrual cycle and shorter cycle length. Multivariate analysis revealed PBF has inverse association with PMS, duration of discharge and skipping of cycle (p<0.05); carbohydrate intake has direct association with duration of menstrual discharge (p<0.05); increased dietary fat intake has direct association with skipping of cycle, but not with BMI (p<0.05); increase in MUAC has direct association with dysmenorrhoea (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our study indicates energy deficiency does alter the menstrual characteristics of the Oraon adolescent girls.