bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Symmetric Properties of λ-Szász Operators Coupled with Generalized Beta Functions and Approximation Theory
Authors: Rao Nadeem , Farid Mohammad , Raiz Mohd
Published: December 2024

This research work focuses on λ-Szász–Mirakjan operators coupling generalized beta function. The kernel functions used in λ-Szász operators often possess even or odd symmetry. This symmetry influences the behavior of the operator in terms of approximation and convergence properties. The convergence properties, such as uniform convergence and pointwise convergence, are studied in view of the Korovkin theorem, the modulus of continuity, and Peetre’s K-functional of these sequences of positive linear operators in depth. Further, we extend our research work for the bivariate case of these sequences of operators. Their uniform rate of approximation and order of approximation are investigated in Lebesgue measurable spaces of function. The graphical representation and numerical error analysis in terms of the convergence behavior of these operators are studied.
An Exploration of Groundwater Resource Ecosystem Service Sustainability: A System Dynamics Case Study in Texas, USA
Authors: Leal Julianna , Bishop Morgan , Reed Caleb , Turner Benjamin L.
Published: December 2024

Groundwater, a crucial natural resource on a global scale, plays a significant role in Texas, impacting various essential ecosystem services either directly or indirectly. Despite efforts of state- and community-level regulations and conservation efforts, there is an ongoing trend of declining groundwater levels in the state of Texas. In this study, we utilized the systems thinking and system dynamics modeling approach to better understand this problem and investigate possible leverage points to achieve more sustainable groundwater resource levels. After conceptualizing a causal loop diagram (CLD) of the underlying feedback structure of the issue (informed by the existing literature), a small system dynamics (SD) model was developed to connect the feedback factors identified in the CLD to the stocks (groundwater level) and flows (recharge rate and groundwater pumping) that steer the behaviors of groundwater systems across time. After completing model assessment, experimental simulations were conducted to evaluate the current state relative to simulated treatments for improved irrigation efficiency, restricted pumping rates, cooperative conservation protocols among users, and combination strategy (of all treatments above) in the long-term. Results showed that groundwater stress (and the associated repercussions on related ecosystem service) could be alleviated with a combination strategy, albeit without complete groundwater level recovery.
Synergies of Heterogeneous Environmental Regulation on the Quality of Foreign Direct Investment
Authors: Zhao Zhaoyang , Chen Yuhong , Ye Chong , Lotti Lorenzo
Published: December 2024

Expanding a high level of openness and attracting high-quality foreign direct investment (FDI) while preventing foreign-invested enterprises from relocating to host countries to reduce costs and circumvent environmental regulation (ER) in their home countries, which can transform host countries into “pollution heaven”, present a significant challenge for emerging markets such as China. Based on a theoretical analysis that integrates various frameworks, this study constructs a panel regression model to empirically investigate the relationship between ER and the quality of FDI. This analysis is conducted from the perspectives of administrative means and market mechanisms, utilizing panel data from 267 prefectural-level cities in China spanning the years 2005 to 2021. This study reveals the following conclusions: (1) The implementation of ER significantly enhances the quality of FDI within cities, a conclusion that remains robust across various tests. (2) ER improves the quality of FDI through two key pathways: enhancing green competitiveness and fostering green technological innovation. (3) In comparison to the isolated effects of administrative and market mechanism policies, the synergistic effect of these two approaches proves to be more pronounced in elevating the quality of FDI. (4) ER exerts a significant impact on the quality of FDI, particularly within sub-samples of cities characterized by higher levels of environmental protection and a focus on non-resource-oriented activities. (5) ER has a negative spatial spillover effect on FDI quality. This study serves as a valuable guide for emerging markets to enhance environmental policy effectiveness and assess the potential for a new open economic system.
Understanding Individuals’ Continuance Intention to Use Advanced Driver Assistance Systems: An Integrated Application of Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling and Necessary Condition Analysis
Authors: Xiao Huijun , Chiu Weisheng , Shen Shenglun
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to understand the factors that influence individuals’ intention to continue using advanced driver assistance systems (ADASs) through an integrated approach that extends the technology acceptance model (TAM). First, perceived safety, perceived quality, and satisfaction were incorporated into the traditional TAM framework as additional constructs to address the complexities of ADAS usage. Second, an approach that combines partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and necessary condition analysis (NCA) was employed to identify both the sufficient and necessary conditions for the continuous intention to use ADASs. This combined approach was directed toward data collected from 843 drivers hailing from the Greater Bay Area of China and experienced with ADAS usage. The findings revealed that perceived usefulness, perceived quality, perceived safety, and satisfaction significantly influenced continuance intention, while perceived ease of use indirectly affected it through perceived usefulness and satisfaction. This study underscores the paramount importance of safety and quality perceptions in ADAS adoption and offers practical insights that can help product design and marketing professionals enhance the acceptance and sustained use of ADAS technologies.
UWB Chaotic Pulse-Based Ranging: Time-of-Flight Approach
Authors: Prokhorov Vladimir A. , Kuzmin Lev V. , Krivenko Andrey A. , Vladyka Pavel A. , Efremova Elena V.
Published: December 2024

Nowadays, indoor positioning using ultra-wideband (UWB) signals is actively being developed with the aim of implementing existing ideas and solutions, improving their performance, and searching for new measurement schemes. This paper proposes an approach to estimating the distance between wireless nodes by measuring radio signal propagation time using UWB chaotic radio pulses and UWB transceivers. This type of signal is a simple and practically interesting alternative to radio carriers of other types of UWB signals, which are based on packets of pulses (usually ultra-short pulses). The practical interest is caused by the noise-like nature of chaotic radio pulses, as well as their immunity to multipath fading and ease of generation. The aim of this work is to analyze such a system and identify the fundamental limitations inherent in the proposed approach. This paper describes a wireless system for measuring the signal propagation time based on the envelope of chaotic radio pulses using the SS-TWR (Single-Sided Two-Way Ranging) method. A difference scheme is used to determine the range. The characteristics of the proposed system are studied experimentally. The factors related to the threshold scheme for determining the time of arrival of a radio signal that introduce a systematic error into the measurement results are revealed, and approaches to correcting their influence are proposed.
Empowering Government Efficiency Through Civic Intelligence: Merging Artificial Intelligence and Blockchain for Smart Citizen Proposals
Authors: Nechesov Andrey , Ruponen Janne
Published: December 2024

Civic intelligence (CI) represents the collective capacity of communities to address challenges, yet its integration with smart city infrastructure remains limited. This study bridges CI theory with technical implementation through a novel framework combining blockchain and AI technologies. Our approach maps core CI components (knowledge capital, system capital, and relational capital) to specific technical solutions: a civic engagement index for measuring participation quality, a tokenization framework for incentivizing meaningful engagement, and a governance optimization function for resource allocation. Using mixed-methods research, we developed and validated the conceptual CI governance (CIG) framework, which satisfies CI principles through smart contracts and AI-assisted interfaces. The empirical evaluation demonstrates both social and technical improvements: 40% increased civic participation rates, 85% governance efficiency maintenance, and significant gains in engagement quality metrics (knowledge sharing +32%, collective decision making +28%). While technical implementation shows promise, success requires the careful integration of social dynamics, digital literacy initiatives, and regulatory compliance. This research contributes to smart city development by providing a theoretically grounded, feasible framework that introduces the fusion of blockchain and AI technologies to enhance civic participation while preserving governance effectiveness.
Enhanced Immune Response Against Echinococcus Granulosus Through a CTLA-4/B7 Affinity-Based Vaccine
Authors: Zhu Yuejie , He Yueyue , Yin Ziyue , Chen Na , Qi Xingxing , Ding Jianbing , Li Yujiao , Zhang Fengbo
Published: December 2024

Background: Echinococcosis is a zoonotic infectious disease that poses a significant threat to the health of individuals living in rural regions. While vaccination represents a potential strategy for disease prevention, there is currently no effective vaccine available for humans to prevent cystic echinococcosis (CE). This study aimed to design a novel multi-epitope vaccine (MEV) against Echinococcus granulosus for human use, employing immunoinformatics methods. Methods: We identified core epitopes from two key antigens, EgA31 and EgG1Y162, and integrated them into the immunoglobulin variable region of CTLA-4 (CTLA-4lgV) to create the CVE31-162 vaccine construct. The secondary and tertiary structures of the CVE31-162 were established using bioinformatics methods. The interaction between the CVE31-162 and B7 molecules was assessed through molecular dynamics simulations. Finally, both in vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted to validate the effectiveness of the CVE31-162 against the immunological effects of Echinococcus granulosus. Results: Bioinformatics analysis indicated that CVE31-162 exhibits favorable antigenicity, stability, and non-allergenicity. Furthermore, CVE31-162 demonstrated a stable three-dimensional structural model. Molecular docking (MD) and molecular dynamics simulations (MDS) revealed a strong binding affinity between CVE31-162 and B7 molecules. Immune simulation results suggested that the vaccine elicits robust humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that immunized mice exhibited significantly elevated levels of antigen-specific antibodies and enhanced lymphocyte proliferation compared to the control group. Conclusions: CVE31-162, which is based on the interaction between CTLA-4 and B7, represents a promising multi-epitope vaccine for Echinococcus granulosus.
Comparative Insights into Acute Gastroenteritis in Cattle Caused by Bovine Rotavirus A and Bovine Coronavirus
Authors: Kostanić Vjekoslava , Kunić Valentina , Prišlin Šimac Marina , Lolić Marica , Sukalić Tomislav , Brnić Dragan
Published: December 2024

Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in cattle significantly impacts the economy due to relatively high morbidity and mortality and decreased production. Its multifactorial nature drives its global persistence, involving enteric viruses, bacteria, protozoa, and environmental factors. Bovine Rotavirus A (BoRVA) and bovine coronavirus (BCoV) are among the most important enteric RNA viruses causing AGE in cattle. These viruses infect intestinal enterocytes, leading to cell damage and consequently to malabsorption and diarrhea. BoRVA primarily affects calves under 14 days old with gastrointestinal clinical signs, while BCoV affects all ages, causing gastrointestinal and respiratory distress. The economic impact of BoRVA and BCoV, along with their interspecies transmission potential, warrants attention. This concise review discusses the molecular structure, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical signs, diagnosis, treatment, and preventive measures of BoRVA and BCoV while providing a comparative analysis. By offering practical guidance on managing such viral infections in cattle, these comparative insights may prove valuable for veterinarians in clinical practice.
Sperm Functional Status: A Multiparametric Assessment of the Fertilizing Potential of Bovine Sperm
Authors: Odinius Timea Sarah , Siuda Mathias , Lautner Matthias , Leiding Claus , Neuner Stefan , Bollwein Heinrich , Malama Eleni
Published: December 2024

Sperm viability is routinely assessed for the quality control of cryopreserved bovine sperm batches but is not usually conclusive regarding their fertilizing potential. In this study, we investigated the fertility predictive value of bull sperm viability in combination with DNA integrity or the functional status of viable sperm. In addition to sperm viability, we flow cytometrically assessed the percentage of sperm with high DNA fragmentation index (%DFI) and the fraction of viable sperm with low intracellular Ca2+ content and functional mitochondria using the Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay and a five-color staining panel in 791 and 733 cryopreserved batches with non-return rate (NRR) records after ≥100 first services, respectively. Using linear mixed-effects models and conditional inference trees, we examined the potential of sperm viability combined with either DNA integrity or the functional status of viable sperm to predict the batch-specific NRR. Batches with a %DFI of ≤6.86% were more likely to have a NRR of >60%, whereas %DFI values of >6.86% were more likely to be associated with a 55–60% or lower NRR. Combining post-thaw viability with the functional status of viable sperm did not reliably predict the NRR of individual batches. Concluding, the incorporation of DNA integrity assessment can considerably improve sperm fertility prognostics.
Application of the Entropy Model to Estimate Flow Discharge and Bed Load Transport with Limited Field Measurements
Authors: Bahmanpouri Farhad , Yadav Anshul , Massari Christian , De Santis Domenico , Sharma Ashutosh , Agarwal Ankit , Sen Sumit , Fraccarollo Luigi , Moramarco Tommaso , Barbetta Silvia
Published: December 2024

Sediment transport can be observed within the flow of water in rivers, canals, and coastal regions, encompassing both suspended-load transport and bed-load transport. Bed-load transport specifically occurs near the riverbed, playing a crucial role in the formation of the riverbed itself. The current study aimed to explore the process of sediment transport by employing the entropy concept as a theoretical approach. To this end, field data collected using a current meter in the Alaknanda River at Srinagar in India were utilized. A comparison was made between the calculated mean velocity and discharge values and the observed data obtained from the Central Water Commission (CWC), demonstrating a maximum error percentage of 9%. Subsequently, shear velocity was determined for various cross-sections under different flow scenarios. The Shields parameter was then derived from the shear-velocity distribution to evaluate the transport potential of the sediment particles. The model results showed varying bed-load transport rates that increased as the particle size decreased and the discharge rate increased. In conclusion, the study findings highlight the efficacy of utilizing the entropy theory for estimating flow discharge and sediment transport in developing countries.
A Dam Displacement Prediction Method Based on a Model Combining Random Forest, a Convolutional Neural Network, and a Residual Attention Informer
Authors: Fang Chunhui , Jiao Ying , Wang Xue , Lu Taiqi , Gu Hao
Published: December 2024

To enhance the accuracy of dam displacement prediction, this paper proposes a hybrid model combining Random Forest (RF), a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), and a Residual Attention Informer (RA-Informer). Firstly, RF is utilized to assess the importance of input features, selecting key factors that significantly influence dam displacement. Then, CNN is employed to perform deep feature extraction on the input data, mining effective information. Subsequently, the Informer model integrated with a residual attention mechanism establishes the mapping relationship between the extracted features and dam displacement, enhancing the focus on critical features. Finally, the Northern Goshawk Optimization (NGO) algorithm is adopted to optimize the model’s hyperparameters. Experimental results on actual engineering data demonstrate that the proposed model exhibits superior prediction accuracy and stability compared to other typical models, offering higher precision and reliability.
Modeling of Water Resource Dynamics in SUR Systems Through Generalized Conformable Calculus in Arid Sites in Mexico
Authors: Gutierrez-Corona Josué Neftalí , Quezada-Téllez Luis Alberto , Torres-Mendoza Arturo , Fernandez-Anaya Guillermo
Published: December 2024

In this work, we present a comprehensive extension of the Surface–Underground–Recharge (SUR) water supply model through the incorporation of generalized conformable derivatives. This operator enables the capture of more exotic dynamics within the system, enhancing the modeling framework’s ability to simulate complex hydrological interactions. Additionally, we extend the results to the restricted phase spaces of the analyzed dynamical systems, facilitating a deeper qualitative analysis. To achieve this, we augment the dimension of the generalized conformable SUR system, rendering it an autonomous higher-order system. Furthermore, we introduce a novel conformable function, referred to as the generalized linear conformable combination function, which significantly broadens the scope of our modeling capabilities. Thus, this study contributes to the advancement of hydrological modeling, providing a robust tool for analyzing intricate water resource dynamics in specific regions.
Production and Characterization of Graphene Oxide for Adsorption Analysis of the Emerging Pollutant Butylparaben
Authors: Tsubouchi Lorena Maihury Santos , de Almeida Edson Araujo , Santo Diego Espirito , Bona Evandro , Pereira Gustavo Leite Dias , Jegatheesan Veeriah , Cardozo-Filho Lucio , Peron Ana Paula , Junior Osvaldo Valarini
Published: December 2024

Emerging pollutants such as butylparaben (BP) are often difficult to remove via conventional wastewater treatment. Therefore, this study aimed to produce and characterize graphene oxide (GO) and evaluate the adsorption of BP on this adsorbent. The GO was made using the Hummers method and characterized by TGA/DTA, XRD, XRF, BET, point of zero charge (pHpzc), SEM, and the Boehman method. Adsorption experiments were performed in a batch system. The removal efficiency from a Box–Behnken experimental design was 84.3% at a BP concentration 600 µg∙L−1, adsorbent five g∙L−1, and pH 7 in solution. The first-order (PFO) kinetics obtained the best fit to the experimental data compared to the other models tested in this study: pseudo-second-order (PSO), Elovich (ELC), and intra-particle diffusion (IPD). The Langmuir isotherm provided the best fit compared to the Freundlich isotherm. The temperature effect showed that the system has a spontaneous adsorption process, with a Gibbs energy lower than zero, and that increasing the temperature increases the adsorption capacity. The ionic effect showed that increasing the salt concentration of 1 M increased the repulsive forces but did not decrease the adsorption capacity. The regeneration cycle showed a rate of 85% up to the second cycle. The toxicity analysis confirmed the efficiency of the adsorption process using GO before and after BP adsorption on GO.
Regulating Denitrification in Constructed Wetlands: The Synergistic Role of Radial Oxygen Loss and Root Exudates
Authors: Sun Haishu , Zhou Yuan , Jiang Cancan
Published: December 2024

Constructed wetland (CW) is a critical ecological engineering for wastewater treatment and improvement of water quality. Nitrogen (N) removal is one of the vital functions of CWs during operation, and N treatment in CWs is mainly affected by aquatic plants and denitrification carried out by microbes. However, due to their low efficiency and instability in N removal, further applications of CWs are limited. The review provides a view of two basic characteristics of aquatic plants, radial oxygen loss (ROL) and root exudates, and their coupled effect on denitrification processes in CWs. First, the role of aquatic plants in denitrification is presented. The individual roles of ROL and root exudates in regulating denitrification, as well as their interaction in this process, have been discussed. Also, the limitation of conventional techniques to reveal interaction between the plant and the microbes has been highlighted. Further research on coupling regulatory mechanisms of ROL and root exudates may be conducted to develop an optimal wetland design and improve biological N removal. This review offers new insights and directions for improving N removal in CWs by utilizing the synergistic effects of plant ROL and root exudates.
Assessing the Vulnerability of Lakes in Western Kazakhstan to Climate Change and Anthropogenic Stressors
Authors: Kulebayev Kairat M. , Alimkulov Sayat K. , Tursunova Aisulu A. , Makhmudova Lyazzat K. , Talipova Elmira K. , Saparova Assel A. , Rodrigo-Clavero María-Elena , Rodrigo-Ilarri Javier
Published: December 2024

The global water crisis, which intensifies each year, underscores the urgent need for accurate assessment and sustainable management of freshwater resources. Lakes, as significant components of surface water systems, are particularly vulnerable to human activities and climate change due to their slow renewal rates. Western Kazakhstan, a region affected by economic development and intensive mining activities, faces acute water scarcity. A reliable water supply is crucial to meeting the requirements of industrial operations and the needs of the region’s population. Understanding the dynamics of lake systems and implementing effective conservation and restoration strategies are essential to addressing this challenge. This study, employing cartographic and remote sensing techniques, identified 323 lakes in Western Kazakhstan, covering a total area of 1944 km2. Comparative analysis with historical data from the 1960s and 1970s revealed a 23% decrease in the number of lakes exceeding 1 km2. The most significant decline was observed in the Atyrau and Mangystau Regions, where the number of such lakes diminished by a factor of three. These findings highlight the pressing need for an integrated, interdisciplinary approach to water resource management in Western Kazakhstan.
Study of Enrichment and Conversion Mechanisms of Heavy Metal Elements in Mines in Cold Regions Under Freezing and Thawing
Authors: Zhang Pihong , Zhu Guoqing , Zhang Zhiyi , Hou Dazhong , Tong Xiaoyong , Song Yongze , Su Hui
Published: December 2024

In cold-region mines, the dual effects of heat islands and cold islands, caused by cycling of hot and cold temperature extremes, facilitate the outward dispersion of heavy metal dust. Freeze–thaw cycles occurring in ice provide a conducive environment for the enrichment and conversion of heavy metals, allowing them to enter downstream rivers with meltwater. This process significantly impacts human activities and ecosystems in areas traversed by these rivers. This study is conducted in the typical alpine mining area in Xinjiang, China, and focuses on the impact of freeze–thaw cycles on the enrichment and conversion of heavy metals in alpine mining regions. It employs a comprehensive approach combining field measurements, environmental simulations, theoretical analysis, and laboratory experiments. The findings indicate that the environmental behavior of heavy metals is influenced not only by the freeze–thaw cycles themselves but also by factors such as temperature, pH, and redox conditions. Heavy metal elements may enter water bodies during the melting process and pose risks to downstream ecosystems and human health.
Mitigating the Effects of Low-Impact Development on Waterlogging and Non-Point Pollution Under Different Confluence Relationships
Authors: Xu Dan , Liu Dongdong , Xu Qian , Yan Zhihong
Published: December 2024

Intensifying urbanization and climate change have highlighted the growing role of low-impact development (LID) practices in urban rainwater management systems. However, there is still room for improvement to optimally deploy LID practices, especially under different confluence relationships. In this study, 36 scenarios were designed based on different rainfall conditions, LID practices, confluence relationships, and locations, which were analyzed using hybrid hydraulic and water quality modeling. The following key results were obtained: (1) Series II was the main confluence path in the study area. The greenbelt occupied a large share; accordingly, the control of waterlogging and non-point source pollution in series II was better in the designed rainfall scenarios. (2) In the designed rainfall scenarios, series I had the best mitigation effect on waterlogging and non-point source pollution, with 24.5%, 16.4%, and 15.2% lower values than those of the series II and Parallel scenarios. There were no significant differences among the three confluence relationships under extreme rainfall. (3) Among the different LID practices, bioretention cells contributed to the maximum reduction in pollution (29.91%). Green roofs and permeable pavement resulted in the maximum reductions in total runoff (27.99% and 22.94%, respectively), and permeable pavement also reduced pollution by 26.50%. These results suggest that the pavement at some waterlogging points should be replaced with permeable pavement to avoid the negative effects of future extreme rainfall.
IMPROVEMENT OF TRANSPORT SERVICES FOR THE NETWORK DELIVERY OF GOODS BY ROAD ON THE EXAMPLE OF JSC MAGNIT
Authors:   Oryol State University, Novikov Alexander Nikolaevich , Zhestkova Svetlana Anatolievna ,   Penza State University of Architecture and Construction
Published: December 2024

The article discusses the application of the developed methodology for determining the location of regional distribution centers. Based on the proposed methodology, software was developed. The results of the application of the developed methodology are presented on the example of the distribution center of the Magnit company in the Penza region. The needs of the stores and the coordinates of their location were used for calculations. The application of the developed methodology made it possible to increase the productivity of rolling stock and reduce the time for cargo delivery.
RESEARCH OF THE INFLUENCE OF TECHNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF A CONE CRUSHER ON THE PROCESS OF CRUSHED STONE
Authors:   Belgorod State Technological University, Zagorodniy Nikolay Alexandrovich , Golovkin Mikhail Valerievich ,   Belgorod State Technological University
Published: December 2024

This article studies the influence of technological parameters of a cone crusher on the process of crushing crushed stone. The article analyzes existing inventions in the field of cone crusher design, their advantages and disadvantages. An improved design of the eccentric unit and the principle of its structure are presented. An experiment was conducted in which the dependence of changes in the productivity of a cone crusher on the width of the discharge slot and the frequency of cone swing was established. Based on the developed design of the eccentric unit, a mathematical calculation was made of the minimum cone swing frequency, at which maximum crushing efficiency will be ensured, as well as a calculation of the productivity and power consumption of the cone crusher. The findings of this study confirm the feasibility of using this cone crusher design in enterprises.
Implicaciones de la inteligencia artificial en la educación: Revisión sistemática
Authors: Calderón Loyola Amalia , Nieto Rivas Elier
Published: December 2024

El sistema educativo debe incorporar herramientas innovadoras que favorezcan experiencias de aprendizaje útiles a lo largo de la vida. Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar las implicaciones de la inteligencia artificial (IA) en el sector educativo, considerando los aspectos éticos y retos para su implementación. Se realizó una revisión sistemática aplicando la metodología PRISMA. Las fuentes de información fueron SciELO, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Académico y ERIC. Se usaron operadores booleanos para seleccionar artículos de revisión y originales en inglés y español (2019-2023), excluyendo artículos duplicados. Se empleó el aplicativo MyLOFT para acceder a las bases de datos, y finalmente se analizaron 10 documentos. Se concluye que la IA está transformando la educación al mejorar la personalización del aprendizaje, proporcionar retroalimentación inmediata y automatizar tareas administrativas. No obstante, es crucial considerar los desafíos éticos, como los sesgos y la privacidad.
La defensa de la enseñanza pública gratuita en Perú, 1969
Authors: Sánchez-Villagómez Marté , Navarro-Navarro Bertha
Published: December 2024

A finales de la década de 1960, en Perú, la dictadura militar propuso eliminar la gratuidad de la educación pública, situando la enseñanza en el centro del debate nacional. Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar la respuesta de los actores sociales frente al decreto que afectaba la gratuidad de la enseñanza pública. Se adoptó un enfoque cualitativo de tipo hermenéutico y bibliográfico, empleando un análisis crítico de fuentes como revistas indexadas, repositorios, documentos legales, libros, artículos especializados y periódicos del periodo estudiado. Los hallazgos destacan la importancia de la lucha social en favor del progreso equitativo de los ciudadanos y subrayan el papel fundamental de la sociedad civil como garante de los derechos sociales.
El impacto de la motivación en el aprendizaje de la educación
Authors: Amaya Claudio Bertha Raquel , Rosales Libia Beder Orestes , Medina Arbi Ana Jackeline
Published: December 2024

La motivación es una habilidad fundamental que permite a las personas mantener una actitud activa y perseverante para alcanzar sus objetivos. En el ámbito educativo, su relevancia radica en su capacidad para fomentar el interés y el compromiso con el desarrollo académico. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar el impacto de la motivación en el aprendizaje en el contexto educativo. La metodología empleada fue una revisión sistemática de la literatura, que permitió evaluar e interpretar el impacto de la motivación en los estudiantes. La búsqueda de estudios se centró en los años 2020 a 2022 y se realizó a través de las bases de datos Scielo, ProQuest y Scopus. Se concluye que la motivación es un mecanismo clave en el proceso de aprendizaje, por lo que los docentes deben implementar estrategias pedagógicas alineadas con los intereses y necesidades de los estudiantes.
La tecnología y su impacto en la educación musical en niños
Authors: Meza Salazar María Aurora , Roldan Baluis Walter Luis
Published: December 2024

Este artículo tiene como objetivo examinar el impacto de la tecnología en la educación musical infantil mediante una revisión sistemática. Se seleccionaron 13 artículos publicados en la base de datos Scopus entre 2018 y 2022, siguiendo criterios de elegibilidad. Los resultados revelan que tecnologías como la inteligencia artificial, el aprendizaje profundo, robots, herramientas arteterapéuticas, realidad virtual, impresión 3D y tecnología 5D tienen un impacto significativo en la educación musical, especialmente en niños y aquellos con habilidades diferentes. Entre las implicaciones pedagógicas destacan la personalización del aprendizaje, el incremento de la motivación infantil y la mejora de los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje. Asimismo, se observó un predominio de los aportes positivos de la inteligencia artificial en estudios realizados en China. En conclusión, la inteligencia artificial y otras tecnologías emergentes desempeñan un papel clave en el desarrollo de la educación musical en niños.
CHARACTERISTICS OF ULTRASTRUCTURE AND PROSTATE MICROCIRCULATORY BED IN BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA IN MEN WITH DIFFERENT BODY WEIGHT
Authors: Notov Ivan Konstantinovich , Zalavina Svetlana Vasil'evna , Feofilov Igor' Viktorovich , Notov Konstantin Gennad'evich , Pozdnyakova Svetlana Vasil'evna
Published: December 2024

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common disease among older men. The main factors leading to its development are hormonal, age-related, alimentary and metabolic ones, including excess body weight and obesity.
Objective. The aim of the study is to evaluate the severity of clinical symptoms, the area of the microcirculatory bed (MCB) and ultrastructural characteristics of the prostate gland in BPH men with different body weight.
Materials and Methods. Patients (n=131) with BPH were divided into 3 groups according to body mass index: group 1 – normal body weight (n=38); group 2 – overweight (n=55); group 3 – class 1 obesity (n=38). One hundred patients were surveyed with IPSS and QoL questionnaires. In some men, a fragment of the surgical prostate capsule was collected intraoperatively. Histological material for light and electron microscopy, and for immunohistochemical detection of CD31 was prepared in a standard way.
Results. Patients of groups 2 and 3 report lower quality of life (QoL) and more pronounced lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). In these men, the proportion of connective tissue around adenomeres of the prostate glands increases by 18.5 and 19 %, respectively. The relative area of microvascular vessels in overweight decreases by more than 2 times, and in Class 1 obesity – by 4 times. Electron microscopy revealed an increased number of collagen fibers around microvascular vessels.
Conclusion. Increased body weight aggravates BPH clinical progression due to increased LUTS severity, decreases the area of microvascular vessels and increases the proportion of connective tissue in the prostate components.
REPOLARIZATION DISPERSION AS A PREDICTOR FOR LIFE-THREATENING VENTRICULAR ARRHYTHMIAS IN SHORT-TERM EXPERIMENTAL DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Sedyakina Ekaterina Nikolaevna , Tsvetkova Alena Sergeevna , Durkina Aleksandra Vladimirovna , Gonotkov Mikhail Anatol'evich , Azarov Yan Ernestovich , Ovechkin Aleksey Olegovich
Published: December 2024

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a well-known risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). It can cause myocardial metabolic dysfunction, oxidative stress, inflammation, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, structural remodeling, ventricular dysfunction and lethal arrhythmias.
The aim of this study was to find a model for diabetes mellitus increasing the frequency of ventricular arrhythmias induced by myocardial ischemia/reperfusion and to study the electrophysiological properties of the ventricular myocardium in the obtained models.
Materials and Methods. The study was conducted on 32 rats with uncontrolled streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus lasting 4 (short-term) and 8 (long-term) weeks. The control group consisted of 23 rats. During epicardial mapping, depolarization and repolarization parameters, and ventricular myocardial repolarization dispersion were measured. Left ventricular myocardial ischemia and reperfusion were caused by coronary artery ligation to provoke ventricular tachycardia and/or ventricular fibrillation.
Results. The repolarization duration was significantly higher in both groups of rats with diabetes mellitus compared to the control. However, the repolarization dispersion differed from the control only in the group with short-term diabetes mellitus (4 weeks). In this group, reperfusion ventricular arrhythmias developed significantly more often compared with the group with long-term diabetes mellitus (8 weeks).
Conclusions: The incidence of reperfusion-induced ventricular tachycardia and/or ventricular fibrillation was higher in rats with short-term diabetes mellitus (4 weeks). It may be due to greater dispersion of left ventricular myocardial repolarization in this group.
CHARACTERISTICS OF FOLATE AND HOMOCYSTEINE METABOLISM IN THE INDIGENOUS ETHNIC GROUPS OF THE RUSSIAN FAR NORTH
Authors: Vorontsova Aleksandra Sergeevna , Vorobyeva Nadezhda Aleksandrova , Vorobyeva Alena Ivanovna , Abramov Artem Aleksandrovich
Published: December 2024

Rapidly increasing industrial activities in the Arctic and changes in the climate and environmental conditions in the Far North negatively impact the traditional way of life and health of the indigenous peoples of the North – the Nenets.
The aim of the study is to assess the influence of nutritional status and smoking on folate and homocysteine metabolism in ethnic Nenets permanently residing on Vaygach Island.
Materials and Methods. The study includes 48 healthy ethnic Nenets at the age of 18 years and older. The participants were surveyed and enzyme immunoassays were used to determine serum folate and homocysteine levels. To assess the effect of smoking on folate and homocysteine levels, the trial participants were divided into two groups: smokers and nonsmokers. Statistical data processing was performed using R 4.2.3 and Rstudio 1.2.5019.
Results. According to the questionnaire, all trial subjects rarely ate fruit and vegetables, 62.5 % of the respondents drank alcohol, 73 % were tobacco smokers. Significant folate deficiency was noted in 75 % of the participants, and hyperhomocysteinemia was observed in all trial subjects. It was noted, that folate and homocysteine levels smokers were statistically significantly higher than in nonsmokers.
Conclusion. The majority of the indigenous population of Vaygach Island demonstrated a pronounced folate deficiency and hyperhomocysteinemia. The effect of tobacco smoking on folate and homocysteine metabolism was proved.
ROLE OF DOPAMINE IN THE REGULATION OF CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
Authors: Nigmatullina Razina Ramazanovna , Sadykova Dinara Il'gizarovna , Salakhova Karina Ravilevna , Slastnikova Evgeniya Sergeevna , Khusnutdinova Liliya Rinatovna
Published: December 2024

Dopamine is an endogenous catecholamine and its effects are not limited to the central nervous system. Thus, dopamine affects the gastrointestinal motility, hormone release, and sodium balance. Recently, the role of peripheral dopamine in regulating cardiac functions has been studied by various scientists.
The aim of the review is to summarize the currently available data on the role of dopamine in cardiac regulation.
Materials and Methods. Papers from PubMed, Google Scholar, and eLIBRARY.RU were analyzed for the literature review.
Results. Dopamine, being an agonist of cardiac α- and β-adrenergic receptors, has positive chronotropic and inotropic cardiac effects. In proximal arteries, catecholamine causes dose-dependent contraction, whereas in distal arteries, low dopamine concentration leads to dilation, while high concentration causes contraction. Due to the wide variety of receptors, dopamine has a cardioprotective effect, reducing cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. Experimental studies with laboratory animals have shown that catecholamine suppresses inflammation mediated by NLRP3 inflammasome activation in cardiomyocytes, and reduces IL-6 and endothelin-1 release. Dopamine plays an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertension by regulating epithelial sodium transport and interacting with vasoactive hormones/humoral factors such as aldosterone, angiotensin, renin, and vasopressin. Dopamine may also have a negative cardiac effect. Use of a dopamine-adrenergic receptor agonist increases mortality risk among patients with advanced heart failure. High level of free catecholamine is an independent risk factor for future coronary events in patients with coronary heart disease.
Conclusion. Dopamine plays a special role in cardiac regulation. However, further studies are desirable, as it is necessary to examine the changes in the catecholamine concentration in various cardiac pathologies. In the future, it will contribute to the development of effective diagnostic, preventive and therapeutic measures.
TELEMEDICINE IN PULMONOLOGY: ACHIEVEMENTS AND PROSPECTS
Authors: Shvan Lina Yur'evna , Gubareva Irina Valer'evna , Fatenkov Oleg Veniaminovich , Gubareva Ekaterina Yur'evna , Fatenkov Dmitriy Olegovich
Published: December 2024

The aim of this study was to determine the role of telemedicine in the pulmonology development. The study is based on scientific literature, corporate reports and marketing research results.
In the modern world, the requirements for the medical care quality are increasing. It is associated with the development of medicine as a science, quality of life improvement and information availability. Doctors all over the world are joining the emerging unified medical virtual system, which contributes to quick and costless doctor-doctor and doctor-patient interaction.
Currently, pulmonology is one of the promising areas of telemedicine. Now, patients with chronic respiratory diseases have an opportunity to keep an electronic diary reflecting objective and subjective data and their correlation. It is an advantage over patients monitoring the disease course only according to subjective sensations and personal experience.
Thanks to telemedicine, highly qualified medical help is becoming available not only to metropolis residents, but also to those living in remote areas. This is relevant for Russia with its vast territories and low population density in hard-to-reach regions. It is also topical because there are no medical institutions in such areas. Telemedicine plays an important role in emergency situations, such as natural disasters and the spread of dangerous infections. One of the triggers for transformations in medicine, including technological ones, was the COVID-19 pandemic, which contributed to the digitalization of doctor-patient interactions.
A PROGNOSTIC MODEL FOR SURGICAL SITE INFECTION
Authors: Toneeva Svetlana Nikolaevna , Klinysheva Svetlana Yur'evna , Toneev Evgeniy Aleksandrovich , Midlenko Oleg Vladimirovich , Shagdaleev Roman Fatykhovich , Kostyaev Dmitriy Sergeevich
Published: December 2024

The aim of the study is to determine the incidence of surgical site infection (SSI), risk factors for its development and to evolve a prognostic model for stratifying patients according to its level.
Materials and Methods. The study was conducted at Ulyanovsk Regional Clinical Hospital and Ulyanovsk Regional Clinical Oncology Center. A total of 1,500 planned laparotomies were performed (database registration certificate No. 2024623300) including 190 gastrectomies with D2 lymph node dissection, 882 colon resections, and 428 total hysterectomies. A retrospective analysis of the results was carried out during the postoperative period according to a single protocol. StatTech v. 4.5.0 (Stattech, Russia) and SPSS 26 for Mac (IBM Corp.), R Statistics 3.6.1 were used for statistical analysis of the study results.
Results. The incidence of SSI was 4.93 % (74/1500). There were 12 fatal outcomes (16.2 %) in the group with SSI and 15 ones (1.1 %) in the group without SSI. The most significant factors influencing the development of postoperative infectious complications in the surgical site are age (p=0.007), diabetes mellitus (p<0.001), subcutaneous fat thickness (p<0.001), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (p<0.001), body mass index (p<0.001), and surgery duration (p<0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that only the following parameters influence the SSI development after laparotomy: colon surgery (OR 8.66 (95 % CI 3.74–21.7); diabetes mellitus (OR 9.36 (95 % CI 4.22–21.65); BMI (OR 1.55 (95 % CI 1.42–1.71) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (OR 0.07 (95 % CI 0.03–0.13). A prognostic model for the risk of SSI development was created and programmed as an HTML application using the JavaScript programming language.
Conclusion. The incidence of postoperative infectious complications in the surgical site after standard midline laparotomy for elective surgery was 4.93 % (74/1500). The authors created a prediction model to stratify patients according to the risk of SSI development.
Alternative economic models as (theological) signs of the times
Authors: Petrušić Bruno
Published: December 2024

The prevalence of capitalism in today’s global economy underscores the necessity for alternative economic paradigms, driven by concerns over the dominance of profit maximization and extraction within autonomous and free markets. While the Catholic Church acknowledges the legitimacy of capitalism within certain parameters, issues arise when profit supersedes human dignity and communal welfare, and when profit extraction becomes the exclusive goal of economic activity. Pope Francis advocates genuine alternatives that prioritize values over profit, exemplified by initiatives like the Economy of Francesco.This study examines three alternative economic models: the economy of communion (associated with the Focolare movement), the economy for the common good, and social entrepreneurship in the European Union. These models, driven by religious, secular, and institutional motivations, underscore the need for alternatives to prevailing capitalist structures. Despite their diverse origins, all three models share a common rejection of capitalism’s inherent features, emphasizing principles of justice, solidarity, and human dignity. Drawing on Catholic social teaching as a guiding framework, these models seek to integrate moral principles into economic activities. Catholic social teaching, grounded in Christian anthropology provides a lens through which economic events can be understood in light of the Gospel i.e., they can be understood within the theological category of signs of the times. The methodology of Catholic social teaching, involving the processes of seeing, judging, and acting, emphasizes the importance of moral integration in economic endeavors to uphold human dignity.Alternative economic models challenge the profit-centric ethos of capitalism, prioritizing the common good over individual gain. By aligning with Catholic social teaching, these models offer a pathway beyond the limitations of prevailing capitalism, exemplifying how the theological category of the signs of the times might look like when applied to economy. Pope Francis’ prophetic advocacy encourages the pursuit of alternatives that prioritize human dignity and communal well-being, aligning with the Church’s mission to promote the holistic flourishing of humanity.
Social Benefits for Families with Children in the Member States of the Eurasian Economic Community: Experience in Improving Legislation
Authors: Pleshakova Inna Nikolaevna
Published: December 2024

At the present stage, the Russian Federation and the member states of the Eurasian
Economic Community care about the welfare of families with children, and appropriate
changes are being made to legislation. An example of this would be the introduction of
a universal allowance for families with children in the Russian Federation. The article
analyzes the legislation regulating the provision of state benefits to families with children
in the EAEU countries, identifying similarities and differences in the legal regulation of the
assignment and payment of benefits to families with children.
The Rule of Law: the Denial of Denial
Authors: Samigullin Venir K.
Published: December 2024

The article describes the change in attitude to the idea of the rule of law by the largest
Soviet and Russian legal scientist Sergei Sergeevich Alekseev: from the denial of the bourgeois
theory of the rule of law in the 70s
of the XX century – through the recognition of the ‘finest
hour’ of law in the process of forming a socialist rule of law in the 80s
of the XX century – to the shift in the focus of the scientist’s attention on the idea of humanistic law. The author also discusses the concept of the rule of law in relation to post-Soviet and modern Russia.