bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of acetylcholinesterase immobilized CMD (Carboxymethyldextran) chip-based sensor for the detection of nerve agent simulant parathion
Authors: YAĞMUROĞLU Ozan , EMİR DİLTEMİZ Sibel
Published: December 2020

In this study, a carboxymethyldextran chip based sensor system is developed that selectively recognizes and binds nerve agent molecules used in chemical weapons. Nerve agents fall under the group of organophosphorus compounds and irreversibly inhibit the acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE). In this study, parathion was used as an organophosphorus compound. The effect of the parathion molecule on enzyme inhibition is similar to nerve agents. The first step to be applied before CMD (Carboxymethyldextran) chip surface enzyme immobilization is the surface activation. After the surface activation was completed, AChE enzyme solution was passed over the chip surface for 40 minutes. In this way, enzyme immobilization was performed on the chip surface and a surface selective to the parathion molecule was obtained. Analysis was performed for parathion samples in different concentrations in the range of 3.43x10-8-6.86x10-4 mol/L. When the analysis results were transferred to the calibration graph, a graphic close to the linear was obtained. The working range of the chip surface developed as a result of the analyzes was calculated as 3.43x10-8 - 6.86x10-4, the limit of detection (LOD) value was 3.79x10-8 and the limit of quantification (LOQ) value was 6.16x10-8. These results show that samples containing parathion at very low concentrations can be analyzed using the method we have developed.
Determination of the electrical and thermal properties of Al-Sn-Zn alloys
Authors: ALPER BİLLUR Canan , SAATÇİ Buket
Published: December 2020

In the present work, the electrical resistivity, thermal conductivity and microstructure of the 70 at. % Al-15 at. % Sn-15 at. % Zn alloy have been investigated. The electrical resistivity of the alloy was obtained by four-point probe (DC 4PPT) method. Electrical resistivity measurements are used in conjunction with Wiedeman-Franz (W-F) law and Smith-Palmer (S-P) equations to obtain the thermal conductivity of the alloy. The microstructure parameters of the Al-Sn-Zn ternary alloy were obtained by XRD. The surface and phases of alloy were showed by SEM, MAPPING and the composition of each phase was determined by EDX.
On new Simpson’s type ınequalities for trigonometrically convex functions with applications
Authors: DEMİR Şenol , MADEN Selahattin , İŞCAN İmdat , KADAKAL Mahir
Published: December 2020

The aim of this article is to define a special case of h- convex function, namely the notion of a trigonometrically convex function. Using the Hölder, Hölder-İşcan integral inequality and the power-mean, improved power-mean integral inequalities, and together with an integral identity, some new Simpson-type inequalities have been obtained for trigonometric convex functions. We also give some applications for special means.
On characterizations of fuzzy supra soft connected spaces
Authors: ABD EL-LATIF Alaa
Published: December 2020

In this work, we initiate and study notion of connectedness for fuzzy supra soft topological spaces and present fundamentals properties. Moreover, we discuss its properties as well as with respect to fuzzy supra soft subspaces and fuzzy supra irresolute soft functions. Furthermore, we generalize C_i-fuzzy soft connectedness (i=1,2,3,4), which plays an important role in fuzzy soft topological spaces, to fuzzy supra soft topological spaces. The relationship between the classes FSSCi-connected sets is discussed. Moreover, we introduce counterexamples to clarify that the reverse implications aren’t satisfied.
Spectroscopic properties of Vitamin C: A theoretical work
Authors: AHMED Lana , OMER Rebaz
Published: December 2020

Vitamin C is an important human micronutrient. It has many vital biological functions in human health. In this research paper, the molecule of vitamin C was optimized and energy band gaps were determined using DFT and HF methods. In computational quantum theory, Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Hartree-Fock (HF) currently play a significant role in physical chemistry spatially. We chose a 6-311+G basis set on the DFT and HF methods to assess our vitamin C molecule. The FT-IR spectra of vitamin C are reported in the current research. The observed vibrational frequencies are assigned and the computational calculations are performed and the corresponding results are displayed. The structure analysis of the present molecule was investigated by NMR (13C NMR & 1H NMR) and UV-Vis spectra. To assess molecular behavior, Mulliken charge distribution, molecular electrostatic potentials (MEP) and Molecular reactivity description were informed to define the activity of the molecule. All calculations were performed using Gaussian 09 packages.
Investigation of potential DNA damaging and apoptotic effects of PLK1 inhibitor SBE13 in breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231
Authors: ERGÜL Mustafa
Published: December 2020

Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) regulates various steps of mitosis and aberrantly expressed in several tumor types. As elevated levels of PLK1 contributes to tumorigenesis and poor prognosis, specific inhibition of PLK1 has garnered increasing attention in recent years in anticancer studies. The objective of this study was to examine cytotoxic, apoptotic, and DNA-damaging potentials of SBE13, a PLK1 inhibitor, against MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. The regulatory efficacy of SBE13 on cell cycle arrest was also determined. Cytotoxicity of SBE13 was assessed via XTT assay. Apoptosis, cell cycle distribution, and DNA damage response were also examined using the flow cytometry assay. The results revealed that SBE13 had a dose-dependent cytotoxic effect in MDA-MB-231 cells. This compound has also induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M point and significantly promoted apoptosis and DNA damage response in MDA-MB-231 cells. Collectively, these data pointed out that SBE13 can be regarded as a suitable candidate for the therapy of breast cancer. However, further studies are required to consolidate the anticancer activity of SBE13.
The aspects that describe the pre-clinical studies of aceclofenac, as an instrument of registration of a generic drug
Authors: Anisimova Natalia A. , Selizarova Natalia O. , Plisko Grigory A. , Semivelichenko Evgeny D. , Napalkova Svetlana M.
Published: December 2020

The paper presents the aspects of the toxicity, specific activity, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of aceclofenac, given in various sources describing its preclinical studies.

The search for information sources for the study was carried out using domestic and international databases: elibrary and PubMed using contextual queries, including terms of the international nonproprietary name, preclinical studies of pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and animal species.

Aceclofenac is one of the most prescribed drugs for acute and chronic pain. It refers to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, considered as drugs of first choice in the treatment of inflammation and pain.

On the pharmaceutical market of the Russian Federation, aceclofenac is presented in the form of tablets, powder for suspension preparation, cream for external use, which allows it to be prescribed for various diseases. It has shown itself to be highly effective in the symptomatic treatment of diseases of the musculoskeletal system, for the relief of acute and chronic pain.

A review of preclinical studies materials cited in various literature sources and including aspects of studying the toxicity, specific activity, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of aceclofenac, in our opinion, will allow using the data obtained in our study as one of the tools for further registration of generics.
Produksi Enzim Pektinase dari Limbah Kulit Pisang oleh Kapang Aspergillus niger dan Aplikasinya Terhadap Klarifikasi Minuman Fungsional Jahe Lemon
Authors: Yulianti Dyan , Herawati Maria Marina
Published: December 2020

Pectinase enzymes are commercial enzymes that can damage pectin by breaking down polygalacturonate acid into monogalacturonate acid through the release of glycosidic bonds. Pectinase enzymes can be produced from a variety of microorganisms, especially from types of mold such as Aspergillus niger using waste as a substrate like a banana peel. Lemon ginger drink is a functional beverage innovation made from ginger with the addition of lemon to add a refreshing sensation. However, the cloudy, pale, and sedimentary appearance in lemon ginger drink causes a lack of interest in consumers, especially young people. When consuming functional drinks such as lemon ginger, there is turbidity caused by polysaccharides such as pectin. Therefore, enzymatic clarification using pectinase is an effective way to reduce pectin in this drink. This study aims to find out the concentration of Aspergillus niger in producing pectinase enzymes from banana peel waste and its application to the clarification of lemon ginger drinks. The method used in this study was a randomized design group (RAK) consisting of 1 factor, the treatment of concentrations of Aspergillus niger 0 mL, 1 mL, 2 mL, 4 mL, and 6 mL. Then followed by the application of pectinase enzymes produced in the clarification of lemon ginger drink, concentration of 0%; 0,08%; 0,10%; 0,12%; 0,16%; 0,20%; and 0.24%. The Data obtained is analyzed using a printing analysis (ANOVA), and if there is influence, then proceed using BNJ test at a real level of 5%. The results showed that the concentration of Aspergillus niger suspension is best in producing pectinase enzymes of 6 mL, with the enzyme activity of 1.83 U/ml. Then the application of pectinase enzyme in the clarification of lemon ginger drink with a concentration of 0.16% better in improving lower clarity and viscosity of the resulting lemon ginger drink.
Perlindungan Lahan Sawah Dalam Pencapaian Ketahanan Pangan Nasional
Authors: Mulyani Sri , Fathani Aqil Teguh , Purnomo Eko Priyo
Published: December 2020

Abstrak. Tujuan penelitian ini melihat ketahanan pangan berkelanjutan yang merupakan suatu kewajiban dan harus dilakukan untuk menjaga ketersediaan pangan khususnya padi. Pada saat ini di Sumatera Barat sedang maraknya terjadi alih fungsi lahan lawah. Alih fungsi lahan sawah ini disebabkan oleh pembangunan infrastruktur, perumahan, jalan, jalan tol, sarana umum dan fasiltas lainnya. Metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan rasionalistik. Hasil penelitian menyebutkan dengan adanya alih fungsi lahan sawah menyebabkan luas panen terhadap padi dan jumlah produksi padi terus berkurang. Pada tahun 2018 terjadi pengurangan luas panen dan produksi padi yang sangat signifikan dari tahun sebelumnya (2017) yaitu sebesar 220 ribu ha luas panen padi dan 1.4 juta ton produksi padi. Hal ini dinilai sangat berbahaya bagi ketahanan pangan yang berkelanjutan karena jumlah penduduk terus bertambah dan juga kebutuhan terhadap pangan juga semakin meningkat sedangkan jumlah produksi justru terus berkurang. Oleh karena itu perlu adanya peran dari semua unsur untuk mengkontrol dan mengendalikan lahan sawah serta pemerintah dengan segera membuat regulasi Peraturan Daerah untuk mengatur lahan sawah agar tidak terjadi alih fungsi lahan sawah secara berkelanjutan.Protection of Rice Fields in Achieving National Food SecurityAbstract. The purpose of this research is to see sustainable food security which is an obligation and must be done to maintain food availability, especially rice. The function of paddy fields is caused by the development of infrastructure, housing, roads, toll roads, public means, and other facilities. The methods in this study used qualitative methods with a rationalistic approach. The results of the study mentioned that the Land of rice field function caused the harvest area to rice and the amount of rice production continued to decrease. In 2018 there was a reduction in the vast harvest and rice production which was significantly from the previous year which amounted to 220 thousand hectares of rice harvest and 1.4 million tonnes of rice production. This is very dangerous for sustainable food security because the population continues to grow and also the need for food is also increasing while the number of production is steadily decreasing. Therefore, it is necessary to have the role of all elements to control and control the rice fields and government by immediately make the regulation of local regulations to regulate the field of rice fields to prevent the functioning of the rice field sustainability.
Professional versus public attitudes towards criminal charges in healthcare – registered nurses and a random national panel compared: Dark clouds on the horizon?
Authors:   Political Science, School of Social Sciences, University of Iceland, Sigurgeirsdóttir Sigurbjörg , Þórðardóttir Anna María ,   Landspitali University Hospital, Benedikz Elísabet ,   Landspitali University Hospital
Published: December 2020

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study is to encourage a discussion on patient safety and public responses to serious incidents in healthcare. Triggered by the first of its kind in Iceland, it addresses the question what characterizes attitudes towards criminal charges for a serious incident in healthcare. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this comparative study we examined whether attitudes towards culpability of healthcare professionals differed between cohorts from a random national panel and registered Icelandic nurses. Both groups were asked whether a healthcare professional should face criminal charges if causing serious harm or death due to human error, accident, neglect or intent. Answers were given on a Likert scale. RESULTS: When asked if a healthcare professional causing serious harm or death due to human error or by accident should face criminal charges, nurses were significantly more likely to somewhat or strongly disagree, while the panel was significantly more likely to somewhat or strongly agree. The difference was inversely proportional to educational levels among the panel members. When asked whether a healthcare professional should be charged for causing serious harm or death due to neglect or intent, there was no significant difference between the groups. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that healthcare professionals, as represented by Icelandic nurses, do not seek to avoid accountability in serious patient incidents, but implicate the importance of distinguishing between the different nature of incidents. The results show that a more informed public debate on serious health­care incidents is needed in which appropriate measures protecting patient safety as well as professional safety are ensured.
Synthesis and Properties of Tetra[4,5](2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxy)Phthalocyanine Metal Complexes
Authors: Gogin K. K. , Znoyko S. A. , Nakonechnaya A. N. , Kustova T. V. , Akopova O. B. , Bumbina N. V. , Usol'tseva N. V.
Published: December 2020

n order to study the effect of phthalocyanine periphery modification by halogens on spectral and other properties of phthalocyanine derivatives, the synthesis of cobalt, nickel and copper complexes of tetrakis[4,5](2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)phthalocyanine was carried out by the "nitrilic" method using 4,5-di(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)phthalonitrile and corresponding metal acetates on heating at 180–200 °C. All compound structures were confirmed by elemental analysis, MALDI-TOF spectrometry, IR and electronic absorption spectroscopy. The ability of the synthesised metallophthalocyanines to dissolve in concentrated sulfuric acid, dimethylformamide, and chloroform was investigated. The effect of metal on the position of the Q band in elect-ronic absorption spectra of synthesized compounds is studied. The possibility of the synthesized phthalocyanine metal complexes to manifest mesomorphism characteristic of discotic mesogens was evaluated. According to the performed mesomorphism prediction, the studied compounds are unable to form mesomorphic state of the specified type. These theoretical calculations are in a good agreement with the experimental data (the coincidence is 100 %).
Thin-Film Light Polarizers: Media Bulk Structuring and Surface Modifying
Authors: Kamanina N. V. , Studeonov V. I. , Tkachev A. G.
Published: December 2020

Transmission spectra for parallel and orthogonal components of the visible spectral range light during the sensitization of the iodine-polyvinyl-alcohol matrix by "Taunit" nanostructures are considered. The experiments to determine the dependence of the water molecules wetting angle at the surface of thin-film polarizers on the introduced sensitizer concentration were carried out. Based on the experimental data analysis, it is proposed that the developed thin-film polarizers can be effectively used for display equipment, laser and biomedical industries.
Osteogenic and angiogenic properties of heparin as a system of biomolecule delivery for bone bioengineering: a brief critical review
Authors: Litvinova L.S. , Yurova K.A. , Khaziakhmatova O.G. , Khlusova M.Yu. , Malashchenko V.V. , Shunkin E.O. , Todosenko N.M. , Norkin I.K. , Ivanov P.A. , Khlusov I.A.
Published: December 2020

The review discusses the complex, ambiguous and individual effects of heparin and its derivatives on the bone and circulatory systems, in dependence of the dosage, the state of the cells and tissues of recipients. General data on the anticoagulant activity of heparin and its derivatives are presented; aspects of the effect of heparin on mesenchymal cells and tissues and its role in angiogenesis are considered in details. Particular attention is paid to the ability of heparin to bind osteogenic and angiogenic biomolecules: thus us especially important for the development of systems for their delivery and sustained controlled release. A schematic representation of the positive and side effects of heparin as a delivery system for biomolecules in tissue engineering is proposed.
Oil Characterization and Aflatoxin Profile of Peanut Kernel Subjected to Gamma Irradiation
Authors:   School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Thailand 10150, Nguyen Ngoc X. B. , Uthairatanakij Apiradee , Laohakunjit Natta , Jitareerat Pongphen , Rattanakreetakul Chainarong , Boonsirichai Kanokporn , Kaisangsri Nattapon
Published: December 2020

Peanuts are nutritious foods, however, following harvest and storage, these nuts are prone to mycotoxin contamination. Gamma irradiation is an effective technique in postharvest pest control to kill insects and inhibit mycotoxin biosynthesis. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effect of doses of gamma ray on oil properties and mycotoxin profile of raw peanut seeds. Seeds were exposure to gamma radiation at 10 and 25 kGy and stored at ambient temperature for 6 months compared to non-treated seeds before storage. Color, hardness, oil content, total sugar, total protein content, peroxide value (PV), malonaldehyde (MDA) and aflatoxin analysis were assessed. According to this finding, no significant differences of color, hardness, oil content, PV, MDA were found among treatments. Aflatoxin inhibition and total sugars of treated gamma irradiation peanuts at 10 kGy were higher than treated peanuts at 25 kGy.
Computational Simulation for the Evaluation of a Food Softening Process Using Underwater Shockwaves
Authors:   National Institute of Technology (KOSEN), Okinawa College, Nago, Okinawa, Japan, Higa Yoshikazu , Shimojima Ken , Higa Osamu , Iyama Hirofumi , Itoh Shigeru
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this research is to optimize food processing using simulation results based on computational mechanics of food processing technology with high pressure induced by underwater shock waves. In order to establish the characteristics of shock wave propagation in the food and in the food processing vessel, finite element models of the food, the surrounding water, the high pressure source, and the vessel were developed using commercial finite element software. Conducting a series of computational simulations, we found that the pressure distribution is dependent on the food’s unique characteristics, associated with the acoustic impedance. The different interfaces were obtained and observed. The computational results revealed that for certain food, both the transmitted and the reflected waves can be used during the food processing stages.
Modified Steaming Method for Parboiled Rice Production
Authors:   King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Prince of Chumphon Campus, Chumphon, Thailand, Chungcharoen Thatchapol , Meekotekong Anupong , Limmun Warunee , Srisang Naruebodee
Published: December 2020

A modified steaming method (steam using the revolved sieve; SRS) was applied to produce parboiled rice and the qualities of parboiled rice, namely, thermal properties (enthalpy; ΔH and degree of starch gelatinization: DG), head rice yield (HRY) and whiteness index (WI) were investigated under various steaming times and temperatures. The experimental results indicated that time and temperature during steaming step affected the parboiled rice qualities significantly. Prolonged time and increase of temperature during steaming provided the higher initial moisture content and grain temperature of rice sample after steaming, leading to longer time in drying process for decreasing the moisture content in the rice sample to 22% (d.b.). This provided the decrease of ΔH, leading to increase in the DG and resulting in the higher HRY and lower WI values.
The Science behind Traditional Products: The Case of Portuguese Cheeses
Authors:   CI&DETS/ESAV, Polytechnic Institute of Viseu/Department of Food Industry, Viseu, Portugal, Guiné Raquel P. F. , Florença Sofia G.
Published: December 2020

Portugal is situated in the Iberian Peninsula, having climacteric influences of the Atlantic Ocean together with the Mediterranean Sea, which, allied to the landscape and fertile soil results in good pastures that potentiate the animal production. Hence, Portugal is very rich in what concerns traditional cheeses, made with cow, goat, sheep or mixture milks, and which are characterized by very particular tastes, colours and consistencies, besides being also different in terms of chemical composition. The number of Portuguese traditional cheeses is very high, although only a part of them have already been registered under the European Union designations for protection of origin. These have different processing technologies and are characterized by singular aspects that differentiate among them. In this way, they can be classified in terms of the type of milk used for its production, or in terms of the fat content, or even the type and intensity of ripening or finally according to the consistency of the paste. Traditional cheeses are very important in social terms, because they accumulate the history of a people and a country, besides providing a means of income for the rural populations that live from the pastures and the cheese manufacture. Cheeses comprise nutritional properties for being a good source of proteins, lipids, minerals (such as calcium, phosphorus and zinc) and vitamins (like vitamin A, riboflavin, folic acid and vitamin B12). Nevertheless, when it comes to traditional cheeses, they have to be consumed with moderation due to the high fat content present because they are usually made with whole milk.
The Effects of Gender and Age on Students’ Use of a Learning Management System in Saudi Arabia
Authors:   Information Technology Department, Albaha University, Albaha, Saudi Arabia, Alshehri Ahmed , Rutter Malcolm J. , Smith Sally
Published: December 2020

The success of an e-learning intervention relies, to a considerable extent, on the student’s acceptance of the system. Still, the challenge for educational institutions is to determine the factors that influence the user’s acceptance of a Learning Management System (LMS) particularly, the demographic variables of age and gender, which would allow for effective approaches to implementation. Therefore, this study aims to analyse the moderating effects of gender and age in the acceptance and use of an LMS. Furthermore, the study is located in a Saudi tertiary learning context where students have unique psychological and social characteristics and where LMS are being rolled out on a national level. To this end, the study utilised a UTAUT (Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology) model as a base model, with an additional six usability variables, to investigate empirically the variables that influence the students’ use of an LMS in Saudi higher education. By using a quantitative research approach and a sample size of 605 students, data were collected from students in five Saudi universities. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) in conjunction with multigroup analysis techniques were employed to assess the model. The findings revealed that both gender and age moderated a single association between the facilitating conditions and actual use where female and younger students exhibited higher perceptions of the association than did their counterparts. The research has several implications for decision-makers, administrators and designers of e-learning systems. In light of the study findings, the limitations and future research avenues were discussed.
Assisting Students Learning Experiences Using an Augmented Reality Model Framework
Authors:   Northern Philippines College for Maritime, Science and Technology, Brgy. Lingsat, San Fernando City, La Union, Philippines, Balcita Rommel E. , Palaoag Thelma D.
Published: December 2020

In learning through experience there are so many techniques that can be used in order to learn and master skills. Strategies used for learning may be in the form of presentation, multimedia, simulation or hands-on. Others might prefer combination of strategies both being able to hear and/or see the actual or real object of machines, tools or equipment. There are advanced visual technologies available in the internet to choose from but most are not designed to the learning process in a school. Augmented reality is an emerging advance technology that shows a lot of use and opportunity as a tool for learning and enhancing experience. AR can simulate real objects into models that be used for education. This study aims to experiment on an AR engine created using the AR model framework to enhance the learning experiences of students in the different learning strategies used in this study. The experiment is focused to find the significant differences of not having and having an AR model into the learning/teaching strategy. To analyze the data frequency, statistical mode is used to find the most frequent response to interpret the nominal and ordinal categories of the variables. The results of using the AR model framework significantly improved the learning experiences of the participants.
Study to Apply Project Management and Fundamental Competencies for Improvement of Project Activities in University
Authors:   Mathematics and Science Education Research Center, Kanazawa Institute of Technology, Nonoichi, Japan, Shinoda Masahisa , Nishioka Keita
Published: December 2020

The present study proposes an idea for project management and fundamental competencies to improve project activities in university. Considering that students are beginners in terms of project activities and that the project term is limited, effective ideas and tools are needed for projects to succeed. In this study, Project Management Body of Knowledge Guide (PMBOK), a well-known reference in business world, is applied to improve project activities. In addition, performance is also critical for ongoing projects. To satisfy this requirement, a definition of “Fundamental Competencies for Working Person” is applied to project activities. A change of students’ recognition from this perspective through the project activities is evaluated. The students felt the lack of making careful planning during their project activities. Moreover, they wish to acquire execution skill to improve their project quality. A two-dimensional map with process groups and knowledge areas defined by PMBOK and competency factors defined by “Fundamental Competencies for Working Person” is proposed to improve the prospects for project execution. This map becomes the useful tool as a procedure and the instruction guide for the project students and the teaching staff, and facilitates improvement in the quality of the project products and the process.
Study on Visualization of Different Teacher Behavior Based on Teacher Experience during Trial Class
Authors:   Faculty Information Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan, Ooi Sho , Yao Shunyu , Noma Haruo
Published: December 2020

A new teacher at an elementary school, junior high school, or a high school has to teach classes from the first day. However, new teachers often find teaching difficult in a real-world teaching environment. In this paper, we analyze the gestures and behaviors of a beginner teacher and an expert teacher with the aim of increasing the teaching quality of beginner teachers. Image processing technology was used to automatically report visualized results of teaching behaviors. We devised the following approach: (1) a new teacher conducts a class in an environment replicating a real class, (2) the class behavior of the new teacher is systematically evaluated, and (3) new teachers objectively look back at their classes and derive insights for their development. The aim of this research is to evaluate and visualize the behavior of teachers during classes, focusing on (2) and (3). Specifically, we took videos of a trial class of expert and beginner teachers using a video camera (third-person view) and egocentric vision. The egocentric vision recognizes objects using YOLO algorithm, while the third-person view classifies the teacher behavior using Spatial-Temporal Graph Convolution Networks (ST-GCN) based on Open Pose. Then, we analyzed the differences between expert teacher behavior and beginner teacher behavior and visualized the results. In the behavioral analysis at STGCN, ‘Writing on the board’ constituted 74.5% of the approach of beginner teachers and ‘Pointing to the board’ was 36.9%, whereas ‘Writing on the board’ was 33.1% of the approach of expert teachers. Further, in the behavioral analysis by the YOLO algorithm, ‘Writing on the board’ was 41.1% and ‘Talking at the front’ 57.8% for beginner teachers, and ‘Writing on the board’ was 25.3% and ‘Talking at the front’ 74.0% for expert teachers. In other words, we confirmed that the experts were conscious of the whole classroom, and that beginners tended to do lessons only by writing on the board.
The Role of In-Service Training Programs in Teachers Development
Authors:   Department of Humanities, University of Hafr Al Batin, Quaryah Oliyah, Saudi Arabia, Alfaidi Seham Defallah Ali , Elhassan Fatma Ahmed Mohamed
Published: December 2020

This study aimed at exploring the role of in-service training program in teachers’ development. The diversity and continuity of these programs were crucial, as well as the educational and personal needs of the teachers. The study followed the descriptive analytical methods, and the questionnaire was used as a tool for data collection. The sample was five hundred (500) participants chosen from the teachers of government schools in Saudi Arabia. The results of the data were analyzed by Statistical Packages for Social Science (SPSS) programme using percentage and means. The results revealed that most of in-service training programs focused on a single side of teachers’ development related to the teachers’ specialization or profession. In addition, these programs did not contribute to the teachers’ personal and educational needs. The study recommended that, in-service training programs should not focus on a single side of teacher development, but it should focus on the overall take into consideration the teachers personal and educational needs. In order to make these programs more effective, they should be diverse and continuing
Effect of Parenting Styles on Vegetable Having Behavior of Small Children
Authors:   Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok, Thailand, Chantarasompoch Veena , Phuprasongkharm Darakorn , Sudsawart Jirawat , Hadsamad Suwanna , Ayudhaya Wanvisa Saisanan Na
Published: December 2020

The objectives of this research were 1) study on the parenting style effects on vegetable having behavior of small children 2) to study vegetable having behavior of small children and 3) to study the relation between parenting style and vegetable having behavior of small children. The samples used include the parents of 120 small children both male and female studying in pre-kindergarten level of preschool training center, Wat Phetsamut at Maeklong Sub-district, Mueng District, Samutsongkhram Province. Statistics used in the analysis were percentage, mean, standard deviation and the relation between parenting style and vegetable having behavior of small children by Pearson’s coefficient. The research found that the parenting style with attention is in high level (=4.40), the parenting style with control and the parenting style with indulgence are in the intermediate level (=3.33) and = 2.56) respectively and the parenting style with abandon is in low level ) (=1.86). Vegetable having behavior of small children found that the most are in intermediate level = 3.35). The relation between parenting style of parent and vegetable having behavior of small children found that parenting style with attention and control have positive relation to vegetable having behavior of small children but parenting style with indulgence and abandon have negative relation to vegetable having of small children.
Using Information Theory to Develop Modern Educational Methodologies
Authors:   Electrical and Computer Engineering Department of Christian Brothers University, Memphis, TN 38104 USA, Olabe J. C. , Basogain X. , Olabe M. A.
Published: December 2020

The field of research in educational methodologies has been offering during the last decade a series of innovative and promising new initiatives. These initiatives have tried to apply to the educational environment the fruits of current psychology research. Ideas such as student motivation, gaming, multiple intelligences, project-based learning, flipping the classroom, makerspaces, and others, abound in the field of educational methodologies. These new initiatives are evaluated with traditional procedures grouped under the umbrella of the scientific method. This paper first discusses the limitations of these evaluations. Second, it describes learning and teaching as a computational process. Finally, it proposes the use of principles of Information Theory as the foundation for the design of modern educational methodologies.
Educational Technologies for Intervention for Students in Hemodialysis Treatment of the Hospital Class ABC Nefro
Authors:   Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil, Fonsêca Margareth Santos , Zaqueu Lívia da Conceição Costa
Published: December 2020

The objective of this study was understanding the importance of educational technologies for interventions for students with Chronic Renal Failure (CRF) in hemodialysis treatment. We investigated socioeducational indicators and level of quality of life of patients / students aged 15 to 72 years. For this, an applied intervention research with quantiqualitative approach was carried out. Data collection was done through documentary research, socioeconomic questionnaire, School Performance Tests (TDE) to evaluate the reading and writing levels of students and records of participant observation. The educational technologies were constructed collaboratively with the teachers and in their application was used graphic material and mobile digital technologies. The results obtained indicate that 92.8% have memory difficulties; 50% had poor reading and writing performance. The study indicated the need for a curricular adaptation, with the use of technological pedagogical resources (tablets and digital platform) to better learn the students in health treatment. We conclude that digital technologies are pedagogical resources that expand the learning of students with health limitations.
Discussion on the Information-Based Teaching Method of Student-centered in Undergraduate Course–Take the Course of "Mine Emergency Rescue" as an Example
Authors:   School of Safety Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an Shaanxi, China, Guo Jun , Wang Xilong , Zheng Xuezhao , Cai Guobin
Published: December 2020

With the advent of the information and digital era, the "teacher-centered" teaching model will inevitably change to a "student-centered" teaching model. Students should play a major role in acquiring knowledge. This paper summarizes the connotation of "student-centered" in university teaching, the thoughts and theoretical basis of informatization teaching. This paper presents an information teaching model of student-centered, and takes the course of "Mine Emergency Rescue" as an example for teaching practice. It can improve the effect of learn that including the improving student participation, changing the learning method, and expanding the learning space. Moreover, the teaching model improves the quality of the course teaching.
Real-Time Remote Courses - A Case Study on Student Satisfaction and Implementation
Authors:   School of Architecture, Arts and Design, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Puebla, Mexico, Núñez Martha Elena , Rodríguez-Paz Miguel X.
Published: December 2020

Real-time remote courses offer the students the valuable resource of cultural diversity and the access to professors who are leaders in their field of knowledge. It also encourages the practice of several skills with technology as a learning tool. We have studied how courses taught by internationally experienced leaders, relying on communication technologies, impact the students and can be a valuable complement to traditional classes offering them a global perspective in its formation. This paper focuses on the validation of the experience looking at student satisfaction for a teaching methodology in a real-time remote model. It also takes into account the recommendations from their professors. This information can provide valuable data to consider in order to further promote this scheme of classes and successfully continue teaching through real-time remote classes.
Learning Analytics and Adaptive Instructional Design Strategies
Authors:   Emirates College for Advanced Education, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, Khine Myint Swe
Published: December 2020

Learning analytics is referred to the measurement, collection, analysis, and reporting of information about learners and their contexts for the purposes of understanding and optimizing learning. In recent years learning analytics has emerged as a promising area of research that traces the digital footprint of the learners and extracts useful knowledge from educational databases to understand students’ progress and performance. As the amount of data available to the educators is increasing exponentially, the potential benefits of learning analytics can be far-reaching to all stakeholders in education, including students, teachers, leaders, and policymakers. Substantial numbers of investigations in learning analytics have been conducted and reported the strategies, techniques, and approaches on this topic in the literature. This paper examines the recent attempts to conduct systematic research highlighting the current trends, creative and unique approaches in learning analytics, and presents their findings and suggests improvement in instructional design.
Chinese-style Off-campus Education: Research on the Popularity of After-school Training Institutions
Authors:   Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China, Zhu Xianli
Published: December 2020

This paper is mainly about the status quo and long-lasting problems of off-campus education in China. There is no doubt that education should be student-oriented. However, most of Chinese after-school training institutions are carrying out the exam-oriented courses crazily, which ignores the differences of individuals, the rules of their mental and physical development, not to mention the study interests tend to withered away. Various factors are no strangers to this phenomenon, from the educational system, educational needs of every family to the atmosphere created by the training institutions. As a result, a large quantity of people are accustomed to judging the achievements of adolescents down the road simply by predicting their test scores, linking the needs of education with the good jobs and high incomes rather than self-realization. The Education Evaluation System has gradually simplified in a disapproving way, and young people are equal to nothing but an index on their transcripts. People who find themselves embroiled in this ever-spiraling situation feel progressively anxious about score and time, which corrodes the very foundation of Chinese education.
Research on the Construction of Chinese Undergraduate Comic Major
Authors:   Chengdu University, Chengdu, China, Xiang Chaochu
Published: December 2020

Around the world, comics have a strong brand effect which are at the core of the animation industry. In recent years, Chinese comics have achieved rapid development, but in a mass of Chinese colleges and universities, graduates and market demand exist problems of different degrees about the construction of the curriculum system of comic major. What role does comic play in the animation industry? How does the market position comic professionals? What are the problems with current comic major education? As a professional teacher in the direction of comics, this article will conduct corresponding research and exploration.
The use of peripheral blood cells as an assessment of inflammation in prostate cancer in patients attending in surgery department at ESUT teaching hospital, Parklane, Enugu, Nigeria
Authors: Soronnadi Clara N. , Ibeh Nancy C. , Ugwene Francis O. , Amilo Grace I. , Ede Anthony J.
Published: December 2020

Background: Full blood count (FBC) is a prerequisite investigation requested from all prostate cancer (PCa) patients pre and post treatment, poor parameter influences the outcome of cancers.Methods: Total subjects consisted of 84 male subjects between the ages 41 to >80 years. Longitudinal study was conducted. Controls and test samples were collected at diagnosis and at different stages of the treatment. Demographic information was obtained using a questionnaire. The data was analyzed using IBM statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) PC, version 20.0; SPSS Inc., Chicago, III., USA; the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) curve was obtained via neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) ratios cut-off determinations. Cox proportional-hazards regression analyses the prognostic factors (duration, ratios) and overall survival (diagnosis to death or last follow-up). A paired sample t-test compared test of significance in pre/post treatment results. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey HSD post-hoc, test susceptibility within age groups was done.Results: Increased NLR and LMR were significantly associated with increased hazard ratio (HR) and OS at p<0.05 while PLR, no significant difference at P>0.05 in PCa. In complete blood count (CBC) and erythrocytic sedimentation rate (ESR), control and treatment period, all red blood cell (RBC) parameters showed a significant decrease at p<0.05 in treatment results compared to the pre-treatment results while total platelet (TPLT), total white blood cells (TWBC), NC, LC, ESR showed significant increase at p<0.05 in treatment results compared to pre-treatment results. Age group 41-50 years showed more susceptibility than other age groups with significant decrease at p<0.05 in NC, LC and increased MC.Conclusions: This study supports CBC and ESR biomarkers as a prognostic tool in early detection, treatment and monitoring of disease progression in these subjects.
Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice of COVID-19 guidelines among health care workers in Alex Ekwueme Federal University teaching hospital, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
Authors: Anozie Okechukwu B. , Ikeotuonye Arinze C. , Nwokporo Ephraim I. , Esike Chidi U. , Ewah Richard L. , Azuogu Benedict N. , Nwafor Johnbosco I. , Ukaegbe Chukwuemeka I.
Published: December 2020

Background: COVID-19 is a major Public Health challenge that has affected the world’s economy. Assessment of the knowledge, attitude and practices of Healthcare workers (HCWs) towards COVID-19 can improve or sustain the successes recorded by relevant agencies in the fight against COVID-19.Methods: a cross-sectional survey was done using semi-structured questionnaires and simple sampling technique. Data collected were analyzed using SPSS version 22.Results: Out of the 368 respondents, 205 were doctors while 150 were nurses. Others were clerical workers, administrative officers and maintenance workers. Knowledge of COVID-19 was generally high amongst respondents recording a correct response to questions about knowledge of COVID-19 in more than 90% of the case. However, the attitude and practice of COVID-19 infection, prevention and control protocols were poor. Out of the respondents, 41.8% would not stay at home if they had minor COVID-19 like symptoms; only 39.4% would take responsibility to ensure people around them follow good respiratory hygiene. Respondents who would keep social distancing while talking with co-workers, ensure safe disposal of personal protective equipment (PPEs) and safe waste management of PPEs were 56%, 39.9% and 53.8% respectively.Conclusions: Knowledge of COVID-19 prevention protocols is high but attitude/practice of these laid out protocols still desires a lot of effort from HCWs. There is need for training/retraining of HCWs on COVID-19 infection, prevention and control strategies to ensure the success being recorded against the disease is sustained while preventing the possibility of a second wave of infection.
Health-care professional’s attitude, beliefs and perceived potential barriers for recommended adult immunization practices in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Yeluri Seshagiri Rao , Gara Himavathy K. , Vamsi Gadde Sai Surya , Vanamali Dharma Rao
Published: December 2020

Background: Immunization coverage remains very low among adults. Vaccine preventable diseases (VPDs) may have an unpredictable course in diabetes mellitus (DM) owing to their altered immune functions. The objective of the study was to analyse the knowledge, attitude, practices and behaviour of the healthcare professionals (HCPs) regarding the pneumococcal, influenza and hepatitis B vaccination in patients of type-2 DM.Methods: This was a community based, cross-sectional study focusing on HCPs who were involved in diabetic care and were aware about recommended guidelines of adult immunization program. 100 HCPs completed this survey which embraced various parameters involved in vaccine uptake.Results: Females constituted 34% of the participating HCPs. The HCPs with qualification of MBBS and MD were 51% and 49% respectively. MD HCPs were routinely vaccinating DM patient more than MBBS ones which was statistically significant. Difficulty in identifying patients eligible for vaccination was perceived by 53% of HCPs. Vaccination was believed to be more important in children than adults by 63% HCPs and 93% agreed that vaccination provided protection against VPDs. Perceived as barriers for vaccination were: urgent concerns of the patients (79%), lack of time for explaining (49%), vaccine safety (60%), cost of vaccine (58%), lack of records (65%), lack of recall system (62%), lack of educational material for patients (83%), lack of training for HCPs (75%) and lack of ‘standing orders’ (84%).Conclusions: Despite recommendations for adult immunization, there are many substantial lacunae in knowledge and practice among HCPs resulting in low immunization coverage. A structured approach encompassing education and training, identification and elimination of potential barriers and improving infrastructure and leadership is the need to curb the mortality and morbidity associated with VPDs in diabetics.