bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Health information — relevance and accessibility (literature review)
Authors: Pivovarova Oksana A. , Kamynina Natalia N. , Skulkina Yulia N. , Korotkova Ekaterina O.
Published: November 2021

Introduction. Health literacy directly impacts global health, social indicators, family relationships, and individual health behaviour. A fundamental element of an effective health system is information for the population on the protection and management of their health and those for whom they are responsible. As an essential skill, medical literacy is necessary for searching, understanding, and analyzing medical data from various sources. Improving people’s health literacy is critical to achieving responsibility for health. Aim. Analysis of the formation and impact of health literacy on the achievement of sustainable development and other health objectives. Material and methods. Literature search methods included search queries on Web of Science, Scopus, MedLine, The Cochrane Library databases. Results. Global access to essential health information is not reflected in official monitoring, indicating the need to improve access to health information to provide more effective care. The availability and use of reliable health information depend on the integrity of the global health information system. A systemic approach to the problem demonstrates the vital contribution of a vast number and variety of «components”, including health research, publication and dissemination of such research, systematic reviews, Development of guidelines and many different secondary outputs for users. Conclusion. Lack of access to health information is a social injustice that the world health community cannot afford to ignore. Access to essential health information is a prerequisite and a component of achieving universal health coverage.
Academic freedom: rights, limitations and practical value
Authors: Arhin P. K.
Published: November 2021

The concept of academic freedom means different things to many and different people. Many people outside the University view academic freedom with askance. Even among those familiar with the University system, academic freedom is very little understood. Studies suggest that in the late 1970 and 1980's, academic freedom became synonymous with what has been referred to as "academic pomposity." These were periods of massive social and political changes especially in countries like Ghana, when both ordinary people and opinion leaders questioned the where tofore of" ivory towereism" and "cosmopolitan professionalism." The latter expression seems to regard the university don as generally having only a marginal loyalty to his \ her organisation and nation as a whole. According to Warner and Palfrey man (1996, p. 92) members of cosmopolitan professionalism tend to align themselves with their peers within their discipline for 'the purpose of recognition and evaluation. As employees they demand high levels of autonomy and participation in their work and resent close supervision. In the strict sense of the word, collegiality may be likened to cosmopolitan professionalism. The expressions ivory towerism and cosmopolitan professionalism tend to connote elements of exclusiveness, and seclusiveness from national and social interest. But it is important to ask whether academic freedom should continue to be seen in these lights and whether such conception is defensible. This paper seeks to explore the frontiers of academic freedom, its rights, limitations and practical value regarding it as both a concept and a phenomenon: concepts to the outsider and a phenomenon to the "practitioner" of academic freedom.
Principal and teacher perspective on school improvment
Authors: Sackney Larry , Walker Keith D. , Hajnal Vivian
Published: November 2021

This article describes teachers' and principals' perceptions of successful and unsuccessful institutionalization of school improvement initiatives. Data from interviews with 12 principals and 200 teachers suggest that differences in school/structures, decision making, relationships within schools and community school connections are related to the success or failure of improvement initiatives. These differences may provide predictive attributes for those characteristics of staff and administration necessary for the successful implementation and institutionalization of school improvement, as well as overall school effectiveness.
The influence of sufism ideas on the formation of the kazakh philosophy
Authors:   Researcher,  Institute  for Philosophy, Political Science and Religious Studies of the CS  MES  RK,  Almaty,  Kazakhstan, gbarlybaeva@mail.ru, ORCID ID 0000-0003-1268-0763, Barlybayeva G. , Keldinova A. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, aimana_th@mail.ru, ORCID  ID  0000-0002-9434-0385Қазақ философиясының қалыптасуына сопылық идеяларының әсері
Published: November 2021

The scientific article examines the influence of sufism ideas on the formation of the spiritual world of human. The authors study the motives of sufism reflected in Eastern philosophy, including the worldview of kazakh thinkers Abay Kunanbayev, Shakarim Kudaiberdiyev and Mashkhur Zhusup Kopeiuly. In the article, the authors reveal that sufism is an indisputable.
THE CONCEPT OF KNOWLEDGE IN ISLAM AND ITS ROLE IN MUSLIM CIVILIZATION
Authors:   PhD, Associated Professor, Nur-Mubarak Egyptian university of Islamic culture, Almaty. Kazakhstan, Kurmanbayev K. , Sikhimbayeva D. ,   PhD, Associated Professor, Nur-Mubarak Egyptian university of Islamic culture, Almaty. KazakhstanИсламдағы білім концепциясы және оның мұсылман өркениетіндегі рөлі
Published: November 2021

The article examines the original meaning, the transformation of the concept of education in Islam and its role in the development of science and education in the Muslim civilization. Any concept or term undergoes semantic changes depending on ideological, cultural, social and other conditions in different historical periods. This applies both to the concept of education in Islam and its place in civilization. The concept of knowledge in the tribal Arab culture with limited literacy acquires a new meaning with the advent of Islam, makes a huge contribution to the theoretical definition of the systemic concept of religious and secular education and the development of scientific knowledge. Based on fundamental works on the history of education and science, the role of the concept of education in the development of the Islamic religion and Muslim civilization is evaluated. The main historical factors of accumulation, systematization and development of knowledge in the Muslim civilization are also analyzed. In particular, the ancient Greek, Indian and Persian cultures were included in the Muslim civilization, which contributed to its intellectual enrichment. The prerequisites for the increasing development of education and science in the era of the "golden age" in Islam are analyzed, the place of ancient Greek science in the Muslim civilization, which is the core of modern scientific knowledge, is assessed.
THE ROLE OF FRENCH ISLAMIC STUDIES AND ARABIC STUDIES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE
Authors:   Institute for Philosophy, Political Science and Religius Studies of the CS MES RK, Seitakhmetova N. , Turganbayeva Z. ,   Institute for Philosophy, Political Science and Religius Studies of the CS MES RK
Published: November 2021

French Islamic studies, which have traditionally been at the forefront of humanitarian knowledge, have experienced their ups and downs: Orientalism generated by the era of the Crusades, colonial politics and the postcolonial period of the crisis of recovery, in which migrants live, “border” on the once advanced concept of multiculturalism, the search for an inclusive education and tolerant social and labor policies. Scientists note that the historiographic works of the early 20th century authored by French researchers focus on the negative consequences of the Arab-Muslim conquests for the development of the classical culture of the North African region. Later, with the study of the intellectual heritage of Muslim cultural figures, scientific knowledge came to understand the role of Islamic culture in ensuring the preservation of ancient traditions and the continuous development of humanistic thought. Historiographic and geopolitical work has been replaced by interdisciplinary research based on a cross-cultural approach. In this regard, Islamic scholarly discourse is enriched by the research of Muslim authors who speak Arabic, Turkish, Farsi, who are able to reveal the problems under study related to Islam from the inside, and not from the standpoint of subject-object relations.
The Virtuous Teachings of Abu Nasir al-Farabi
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National Nniversity, Kazakstan, Tursynbayeva A. , Maldybek А. ,   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Kazakstan
Published: November 2021

The article, defining the weight of Al-Farabi's works in the XXI century, outlines its origins, the importance of philosophical, political, socio-ethical concepts in modern society. First, it examines the viability of Al-Farabi's ideology of government. Secondly, scientific works reveal the significance of the theory of goodness, happiness, education and upbringing in modern society, demonstrate the scientific guidelines of the path to the continuous aspiration of a person for perfection, to the relentless dream of finding happiness. Thirdly, the formation and development of humanistic values in the philosophy of Al-Farabi is analyzed from the standpoint of philosophical discourse. The scholar's view that a focus on justice and morality is essential to building a great society is studied as a good path stemming from humanity's desire to evolve and achieve happiness. The Islamic context of a humane city is revealed. The article explains the well-being of a virtuous society, the completeness of relationships in the context of the Muslim religious worldview. The importance of the problem of the heart in building a good society is emphasized,ideological continuity and harmony with Abai are demonstrated. It is said that the heart can be an object of deep contemplation, anticipation of events, awareness of their nature, understanding of their causes and wisdom. It is noted that the concept of the heart in the work of Al-Farabi is an independent subject of research, which will be further considered in continuity with religious texts.
THE STATE OF CULTURAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE NATION-BUILDING IN MODERN KAZAKHSTAN
Authors:   Veneshik09@mail.ru, Institute of Philosophy, Political Science and Religious Studies СS MES RK (Almaty, Kazakhstan), Kadyrzhanova V. , Yeshpanova D. ,   d.yeshpanova@inbox.ru; Institute of Philosophy, Political Science and Religious Studies СS MES RK (Almaty, Kazakhstan)
Published: November 2021

The article examines nation-building in Kazakhstan from the point of view of the relationship between its homogeneous and heterogeneous cultural foundations. The article shows that the cultural and linguistic heterogeneity of the entire multiethnic society in Kazakhstan is inextricably linked with the Kazakh-Russian heterogeneity of the titular nation. The consequence of the heterogeneity of the titular nation is the three-element social structure of society in Kazakhstan: 1) Kazakh-speaking Kazakhs, 2) Russian-speaking Kazakhs, and 3) Russians and other nationalities. Due to the linguistic heterogeneity of the Kazakhs as the nuclear state-forming nation, such a transition is seriously hampered today in the nation-building in Kazakhstan. The results of the opinion poll demonstrate a different level of support for heterogeneity among different ethnocultural groups. The tendency to support cultural titular homogeneity among Kazakhs is significantly higher than among other ethnocultural groups.
The potential application of Trichoplusia ni granulovirus En3 enhancin as a synergist in baculovirus-based insecticides
Authors:   , Ricarte Bermejo Adriana
Published: November 2021

The increased costs associated with baculovirus mass-production urge the search for synergistic products that reduce the amount of active matter. In the present thesis, a synergistic factor with great potential for baculovirus-based formulations was expressed and produced using a baculovirus expression system. The main achievement of the present thesis is that the in vivo production of solubilized enhancins using baculovirus-based expression systems can be used to improve the efficacy of biological insecticides against lepidopteran pests, reducing the active matter of bioinsecticides and making them commercially competitive with chemicals.
O que é uma universidade tecnológica no Brasil?
Authors:   Universidade Tecnologica Federal do Parana. Brazil, LARA Luiz M. , PILATTI Luis A. ,   Universidade Tecnologica Federal do Parana. Brazil, SANTOS Celso B. dos ,   Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa. Brazil, PEDROSO Bruno ,   Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa. Brazil
Published: November 2021

O presente estudo tem como objetivo identificar as características distintivas do modelo universidade tecnológica no Brasil. O procedimento técnico adotado foi a pesquisa bibliográfica de natureza exploratória. Constatou-se que o relacionamento com o mercado e as particularidades nas missões universitárias produzem a ideia de universidade tecnológica. Conclui-se que o crescente distanciamento entre o ideário presente na concepção da Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR) e a prática institucional produz um modelo distorcido para o Brasil.
Rural Economic Development Through Women Entrepreneurship
Authors: Vairavan Dr. M. , Kavitha Ms. K.
Published: November 2021

Majority of the rural women of SHGs are Micro - Entrepreneurs very few are associated with Small Scale Enterprises. Those women are not only developing with sustainable economy but also able to develop other women economically sustainable by providing job opportunities. The rural women entrepreneurs with the sustainable economic development are able to contribute to the family’s, community’s and the nation’s development. Rural women frequently have primary responsibility for agricultural production, in addition to domestic responsibilities and childcare. In developing country like India where economic status of women is very pathetic especially in rural areas and opportunities of earning are very less in this scenario the Self Help Groups (SHGs) have paved the way for economic independence of rural women. This paper reviews concisely the literature in this field and addresses in particular opportunities and challenges faced by women entrepreneurs in rural areas. It examined the impact on women empowerment through micro entrepreneurship development and SHGs. The increasing presence of women in the business field as entrepreneurs has changed the demographic characteristics of business and economic growth of the country. Women-owned businesses enterprises are playing a more active role in society and the economy, inspiring academics to focus on this interesting phenomenon. This paper focuses on the problems, issues, challenges faced by women entrepreneurs, how to overcome them and to analyze policies of India government for and problems faced by them while pursuing their business.
PENGARUH LEVERAGE DAN PROFITABILITAS TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN DENGAN KEBIJAKAN DIVIDEN SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING (Studi kasus pada perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2012-2016)
Authors: Ramadhani Ridho , Akhmadi Akhmadi , Kuswantoro Muhammad
Published: November 2021

This study aims to examine the effect of leverage proxyed by Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) and profitability proxy with Return On Assets (ROA) to company value proxy with Price to Book Value (PBV) through dividend policy proxy with Dividend Payout Ratio (DPR) as an intervening. The study was conducted on 37 manufacturing companies using multiple regression analysis with the help of SPSS version 19.00. The result of the research shows that leverage has significant positive effect to company value; profitability has a significant positive effect on firm value; leverage has no effect on dividend policy; profitability has a positive effect on dividend policy and dividend policy has a positive effect on firm value. The dividend policy can’t mediate the indirect effect between leverage and profitability on firm value.
PERAN KOMUNIKASI PEMASARAN TERPADU MELALUI EKUITAS MEREK TERHADAP KINERJA PEMASARAN SEKOLAH TINGGI ILMU EKONOMI (STIE) BINA BANGSA BANTEN
Authors: Kurniadin Adi , Mukhsin Moh.
Published: November 2021

his study analyzes the effect of integrated marketing communication variables on brand equity to improve marketing performance. This research was conducted at Sekolah TinggiIlmu Ekonomi (STIE) Bina Bangsa Banten. Based on the results of the literature review there is a positive influence on brand equity and marketing performance and this is supported by integrated marketing communication variables such as the use of appropriate advertising media, the application of good personal sales, the promotion of appropriate sales and effective direct marketing. Thus there are seven hypotheses proposed: This research uses 108 questionnaires collected from STIE Bina Bangsa Banten as the sample. The questionnaire data were analyzed with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis tool in AMOS 22.0program to test the causality relationship of the proposed hypotheses. The results of data analysis show that the research model has a good fit/fit and all research hypotheses can be proven. The test of the proposed hypothesis shows the result that all hypotheses have met the specified condition of CR> 2.00 with probability (p)) <0.05. The conclusion is that advertising, personal selling, sales promotion, and direct marketing have a positive effect on brand equity and the brand equity has a positive effect on marketing performance, and advertising and direct marketing have a positive effect on marketing performance. This study provides some limitations of the research and future research agenda that can be done as further research.
Riabilitazione polmonare precoce per polmonite SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Schettino Maria Gabriella , Piazza Ornella , Vecchione Carmine , Calabrese Maria Consiglio , Maisto Antonella , De Paola Vincenzo
Published: November 2021

La ventilazione meccanica in posizione prona viene utilizzata per migliorare l’ossigenazione e mitigare gli effetti dannosi della ventilazione meccanica nei pazienti con sindrome da distress respiratorio acuto (ARDS). La sindrome da distress respiratorio acuto (ARDS) è una malattia fulminante caratterizzata da ridotta ossigenazione, congestione polmonare e ridotta compliance polmonare a seguito di un danno polmonare diretto, come aspirazione o polmonite, o una lesione sistemica, come sepsi o trauma. In molti pazienti con ARDS la ventilazione meccanica può danneggiare ulteriormente i polmoni, portando a morbilità e mortalità a lungo termine. Sebbene la riduzione al minimo dei volumi correnti e l’ottimizzazione della pressione positiva di fine espirazione (PEEP) possano ridurre il danno polmonare la mortalità associata all’ARDS rimane elevata.
DIGITAL SMILE DESIGN
Authors: Firme de Matos Ivana , Reis Giovanna Cunico dos , Júnior Anildo Alves de Brito , Silva Dayane de Araujo da , Oliveira Viviane Santos , Junior Ivair Tavares
Published: November 2021

Introdução: O planejamento Digital Smile Design (DSD) está cada vez mais sendo usado no ramo odontológico, por suas vantagens e por se caracterizar como um planejamento apurado e detalhado. Este recurso aproxima e melhor a comunicação do profissional com o paciente e vice-versa, sendo de extrema importância para visualizar previamente o resultado final do trabalho, o que dá o privilégio para o paciente, de aprovar ou não a realização do mesmo. Este trabalho tem como objetivo discutir, abordar e conceituar as vantagens do DSD e como ele tem funcionado para a odontologia. Material e Método: É baseado em um estudo de revisão narrativa da literatura, de abordagem qualitativa, utilizado como fonte de evidência a base de dados PubMed. A coleta de dados foi realizada nos meses de agosto e setembro do ano de 2020 utilizando as palavras­chave: “Digital Smile Design”, “periodontal cirurgy”, “Gingivoplasty”, “Smile design”, “Excessive gingival display” e “Gummy smile”. Resultados: O DSD realiza um desenho dentário e mede a altura e largura do mesmo, utiliza linhas complementares com referência que são adicionadas para atingir o desenho de um sorriso esteticamente ideal para determinado indivíduo. Conclusão: O DSD mostrou­se eficaz no planejamento de cirurgias plásticas periodontais, permitindo um planejamento preciso e um resultado prévio do tratamento, podendo o paciente participar ativamente e com mais precisão desta etapa.
Impact of a Supplementation Policy (STOP) on Prescribing Pattern and Cost in a Rural Referral Hospitals of Sabah
Authors: Raman S. , R. N. Rohani , A. L. Shamsuddin , M. R. Saharun
Published: November 2021

In Malaysia, there is an increase in both demand and prescribing of supplements. Such trend raises the likelihood of adverse events and treatment costs. Numerous prescribing policies have been suggested for better utilization of resources. However, the adherence and improvement from such policies are yet to be fully characterized.
A Rapid Rural Appraisal of a Remote Village in Lahad Datu, Sabah
Authors: Kwong Hui Wong  , Hui Wei Ho
Published: November 2021

Rapid rural appraisal (RRA) is a systematic but semi-structured study used to gain new insight into rural life in a quick manner. The current article describes the RRA conducted in a remote village in Lahad Datu, Sabah. The RRA aimed to address the background of the rural community and identify public health issues. Collection of secondary data, key informants’ interview, field observation and a structured interview with the villagers selected via convenience sampling were applied to obtain necessary data. Findings from informal approaches were summarised. Descriptive analysis was carried out for data collected from structured interview. Water sanitation, sanitation facility, food safety, air pollution, zoonosis and non-communicable diseases were among the potential public health issues identified within the village. A total of 188 villagers participated in the structured interview. The median age was 28.0 (IQR 30.8). The percentage for manual workers were 21.3% while 13.8% were white collars. The illiteracy rate was 12.2% and the poverty rate at 48.9%. A total of 22.3% of respondents reported overcrowded households. The household environment and take-up rate of basic amenities were suboptimal. The highest self-reported chronic disease was hypertension, recording 13 cases. The foremost priority is to fill up the flaws in the public health needs of the villagers. Those challenges require participation from relevant authorities as well as individual empowerment.
EQUATIONS FOR DETERMINING THE DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF ELASTIC ELEMENTS
Authors:   International Educational corporation, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Aituganov М.B. , Polyakova I.М. ,   International Educational corporation, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: November 2021

In this article, we consider equations for determining the dynamic characteristics of inhomogeneous elastic elements using refined elastic modulus and Poisson's coefficients depending on the concentration of reinforcing fibers. The dependences of the first three natural frequencies of the seamless bellows on its thickness and depth of corrugation and the first two natural frequencies of the welded bellows on its thickness are identified and analyzed. The frequency response and frequency response of an accelerometer with a UE are obtained depending on its geometric parameters.
MEM AS A PHENOMENON IN CREOLIZED INTERNET COMMUNICATION
Authors:   International Educational Corporation (Campus KAU), Almaty, Kazakhstan, Baktygereyeva A.T.
Published: November 2021

Existing types and types of communication in the world of virtual reality provide global interpersonal and group communications of modern society. One way to transmit information on the Internet is a phenomenon called «meme». The distribution of memes in actively functioning chat rooms has become a powerful factor shaping public opinion and even modern mentality.
Komparasi Pegadaian Syariah Dengan Pegadaian Konvensional Berdasarkan Hukum Indonesia
Authors: Suryati Suryati , Nasution Nurlely Sukesti Ariani , Wiyono Wiwin Muchtar
Published: November 2021

PT. Pegadaian (Persero) as a state-owned company engaged in pawning, has given birth to various breakthroughs in order to answer and meet the needs of the community. To answer these needs, PT. Pegadaian gave birth to a new subsidiary called Pegadaian Syariah as an alternative for Muslims who want to free themselves from the practice of usury and interest in conventional pawnshops. The difference between sharia and conventional pawning is in terms of the legal basis where sharia pawning is based on the Qur'an, Hadith, ijma, and the MUI Fatwa, while conventional pawning according to the Civil Code, conventional pawn contracts are only 1 while in rahn 2 contracts, the determination of days on conventional pawns is determined per 15 days, while in rahn (sharia) the period of 10 days is determined for conventional pawns up to 3 months, while on rahn based on existing calculations, in the case of taking the money from the pawn auction, if within one year it is not taken the rest of the money then becomes the property of the pawnshop, while in rahn if the remaining money from the auction proceeds is not taken it will be handed over to the Amil Zakat Agency.

Keywords: Sharia pawnshop, conventional pawnshop, law, Indonesia

Abstrak. PT. Pegadaian (Persero) sebagai perusahaan miliki negara yang bergerak dibidang gadai, telah melahirkan berbagai terobosan dalam rangka menjawab dan memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat. Untuk menjawab kebutuhan tersebut, PT. Pegadaian (Persero) melahirkan anak perusahan baru yang bernama pegadaian syariah sebagai alternatif bagi umat Islam yang ingin membebaskan diridari praktik riba dan bunga yang ada pada pegadaian konvensional. Perbedaan gadai gadai syariah dan konvensional, yaitu ditinjau dari dasar hukumnya dimana gadai syariah berdasarkan Al-Qur'an, Hadist, ijma, dan Fatwa MUI, sedangkan gadai konvensioal menurut KUHPerdata, akad gadai konvensional hanya 1 sedangkan pada rahn 2 akad, penetapan hari pada gadai konvensional ditentukan per 15 hari sedangkan pada rahn (syariah) ditentukan jangka waktu per 10 hari pada gadai konvensional hingga 3 bulan sedangkan pada rahn berdasarkan perhitungan yang ada, dalam hal pengambilan uang hasil lelang gadai, jika dalam waktu satu tahun tidak diambil sisa uangnya maka menjadi milik pegadaian, sedangkan dalam rahn jika sisa uang dari pegadaian hasil lelang tidak diambil maka akan diserahkan kepada Badan Amil Zakat.

Kata Kunci: Pegadaian syariah, Pegadaian konvensional, Hukum, Indonesia
Pelaksanaan Pengarsipan Akta Kelahiran
Authors: Subekti Rahayu , Sari Eistetika
Published: November 2021

This research aims to determine the implementation of archiving birth certificates at the Department Population and Civil Registration of Sukoharjo Regency, and obstacles and solutions for the Department of Population and Civil Registration of Sukoharjo Regency in the implementation of archiving birth certificates. This research is a descriptive juridical empirical legal research were carried out by interview, observation, and document study, with qualitative data analysis techniques. The approach uses a qualitative approach with primary and secondary data source. The author concludes that Department of Population and Civil Registration of Sukoharjo Regency in carrying out birth certificate archiving has not run optimally. Due to a change in the system from using digital archives to conventional archives. Each of digital and conventional archiving has obstacles and solutions to overcome.

Keywords : Archiving, Birth Certificate.

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan pengarsipan akta kelahiran di Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil Kabupaten Sukoharjo serta hambatan dan solusi bagi Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil Kabupaten Sukoharjo dalam pelaksanaan pengarsipan akta kelahiran. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum yuridis empiris bersifat deskriptif dengan mengumpulkan data melalui wawancara, observasi dan studi dokumen. Pendekatan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan sumber data primer dan sekunder, Penulis menyimpulkan bahwa Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil Kabupaten Sukoharjo dalam melaksanakan pengarsipan akta kelahiran belum optimal. Adanya perubahan sistem dari arsip digital menjadi konvensional. Dalam pengarsipan secara digital maupun konvensional masing-masing memiliki hambatan dan solusi untuk mengatasinya.

Kata kunci : Pengarsipan, Akta Kelahiran.
Role of emission sources and atmospheric sink on the seasonal cycle of CH4 and δ13-CH4: analysis based on the atmospheric chemistry transport model TM5
Authors: Kangasaho Vilma , Tsuruta Aki , Backman Leif , Mäkinen Pyry , Houweling Sander , Segers Arjo , Krol Maarten , Dlugokencky Ed , Michel Sylvia , White James , Aalto Tuula
Published: November 2021

Abstract. This study investigates the contribution of different CH4 sources to the seasonal cycle of 𝛿13C during years 2000–2012 using the TM5 atmospheric transport model. The seasonal cycles of anthropogenic emissions from two versions of the EDGAR inventories, v4.3.2 and v5.0 are examined. Those includes emissions from Enteric Fermentation and Manure Management (EFMM), rice cultivation and residential sources. Those from wetlands obtained from LPX-Bern v1.4 are also examined in addition to other sources such as fires and ocean sources. We use spatially varying isotopic source signatures for EFMM, coal, oil and gas, wetlands, fires and geological emission and for other sources a global uniform value. We analysed the results as zonal means for 30° latitudinal bands. Seasonal cycles of 𝛿13C are found to be an inverse of CH4 cycles in general, with a peak-to-peak amplitude of 0.07–0.26 ‰. However, due to emissions, the phase ellipses do not form straight lines, and the anti-correlations between CH4 and 𝛿13C are weaker (−0.35 to −0.91) in north of 30° S. We found that wetland emissions are the dominant driver in the 𝛿13C seasonal cycle in the Northern Hemisphere and Tropics, such that the timing of 𝛿13C seasonal minimum is shifted by ∼90 days in 60° N–90° N from the end of the year to the beginning of the year when seasonality of wetland emissions is removed. The results also showed that in the Southern Hemisphere Tropics, emissions from fires contribute to the enrichment of 𝛿13C in July–October. In addition, we also compared the results against observations from the South Pole, Antarctica, Alert, Nunavut, Canada and Niwot Ridge, Colorado, USA. In light of this research, comparison to the observation showed that the seasonal cycle of EFMM emissions in EDGAR v5.0 inventory is more realistic than in v4.3.2. In addition, the comparison at Alert showed that modelled 𝛿13C amplitude was approximately half of the observations, mainly because the model could not reproduce the strong depletion in autumn. This indicates that CH4 emission magnitude and seasonal cycle of wetlands may need to be revised. Results from Niwot Ridge indicate that in addition to biogenic emissions, the proportion of biogenic to fossil based emissions may need to be revised.
Measurement report: Ice nucleating particles active ≥ −15 °C in free tropospheric air over western Europe
Authors: Conen Franz , Einbock Annika , Mignani Claudia , Hüglin Christoph
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Ice nucleating particles (INP) initiate ice formation in supercooled clouds, typically starting at a few km above ground. However, little is known about the concentration and composition of INP in the lower free troposphere (FT). Here, we analysed INP active at −10 °C (INP−10) and −15 °C (INP−15) collected during FT conditions at the high-altitude observatory Jungfraujoch. We relied on continuous radon measurements to distinguish FT conditions from those influenced by the planetary boundary layer. Median concentrations in the FT were 2.4 INP−10 m−3 and 9.8 INP−15 m−3, with a multiplicative standard deviation of 2.0 and 1.6, respectively. A majority of INP was deactivated after exposure to 60 °C, thus probably originated from certain epiphytic bacteria or fungi. Subsequent heating to 95 °C deactivated another 15 % to 20 % of the initial INP, likely other types of fungal INP that might be associated with soil organic matter or with decaying leaves. Very few INP−10 withstood heating to 95 °C, but on average 20 % of INP−15 in FT samples did so. This percentage doubled during Saharan dust intrusions, which had practically no influence on INP−10. Overall, the results suggest that aerosolised epiphytic microorganisms, or parts thereof, are responsible for the majority of primary ice formation in moderately supercooled clouds above western Europe.
Aerosol indirect effects in complex orography areas: a numerical study over the Great Alpine Region
Authors: Napoli Anna , Desbiolles Fabien , Parodi Antonio , Pasquero Claudia
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Aerosols play a crucial role in climate through different feedback mechanisms, affecting radiation, clouds and air column stability. This study focuses on the altitude-dependence of the cloud mediated indirect effects of aerosols in the Great Alpine Region (GAR), an area characterised by high pollution levels from anthropic activities in the Po Valley and a complex orography with the highest mountains in Europe. Using a regional atmospheric model, 5-years long convective-permitting sensitivity experiments have been run with different surface aerosol fluxes. The results show that seasonal mean cloud cover, temperature, and precipitations are affected by the aerosol concentrations in the air column, and that the response to pollution is both elevation and season dependent. The overall cloud cover increase with aerosol levels leads to either surface cooling or warming depending on the surface albedo (snow covered or not). Furthermore, different types of clouds have a different sensitivity to aerosols: while the lifetime of low pressure system clouds and orographic clouds is generally increased at high levels of aerosols, convective clouds (typical of the summer season) can actually decrease at high levels of pollution, due to the reduction of strong updrafts.
Influences of Entrainment-Mixing Parameterization on Numerical Simulations of Cumulus and Stratocumulus Clouds
Authors: Xu Xiaoqi , Lu Chunsong , Liu Yangang , Luo Shi , Zhou Xin , Endo Satoshi , Zhu Lei , Wang Yuan
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Different entrainment-mixing processes can occur in clouds; however, a homogeneous mixing mechanism is often implicitly assumed in most commonly used microphysics schemes. Here, we first present a new entrainment-mixing parameterization that uses the grid-mean relative humidity without requiring the relative humidity of the entrained air. Second, the parameterization is implemented in a microphysics scheme in a large eddy simulation model. Third, sensitivity experiments are conducted to compare the new parameterization with the default homogeneous entrainment-mixing parameterization. The results indicate that the new entrainment-mixing parameterization has a larger impact on the number concentration, volume-mean radius, and cloud optical depth in the stratocumulus case than in the cumulus case. This is because inhomogeneous and homogeneous mixing mechanisms dominate in the stratocumulus and cumulus cases, respectively, which is mainly due to the larger turbulence dissipation rate in the cumulus case. Because stratocumulus clouds break up during the dissipation stage to form cumulus clouds, the effects of this new entrainment-mixing parameterization during the stratocumulus dissipation stage are between those during the stratocumulus mature stage and the cumulus case. A large aerosol concentration can enhance the effects of this new entrainment-mixing parameterization by decreasing the cloud droplet size and evaporation time scale. This study sheds new light on the improvement of entrainment-mixing parameterizations in models.
Measurement report: Molecular characteristics of cloud water in southern China and insights into aqueous-phase processes from Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry
Authors: Sun Wei , Fu Yuzhen , Zhang Guohua , Yang Yuxiang , Jiang Feng , Lian Xiufeng , Jiang Bin , Liao Yuhong , Bi Xinhui , Chen Duohong , Chen Jianmin , Wang Xinming , Ou Jie , Peng Ping'an , Sheng Guoying
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Characterizing the molecular composition of cloud water could provide unique insights into aqueous chemistry. Field measurements were conducted at Mt. Tianjing in southern China in May, 2018. There are thousands of formulas (C5–30H4–55O1–15N0–2S0–2) identified in cloud water by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass
spectrometry (FT-ICR MS). CHON formulas (formulas containing C, H, O, and N elements; the same is true for CHO and CHOS) represent the dominant component (43.6 %–65.3 % of relative abundance), followed by CHO (13.8 %–52.1%). S-containing formulas constitute ∼5 %–20 % of all assigned formulas. Cloud water has a relative-abundance-weighted average O/C of 0.45–0.56, and the double bond equivalent of 5.10–5.70. Most of the formulas
(>85 %) are assigned as aliphatic and olefinic species. No statistical difference in the oxidation state is observed between cloud water and interstitial PM2.5. CHON with aromatic structures are abundant in cloud water, suggesting their enhanced in-cloud formation. Other organics in cloud water are mainly from biomass burning and oxidation of biogenic volatile organic compounds. The cloud water contains more abundant CHON and CHOS at night, which are primarily contributed by −N2O5 function and organosulfates, demonstrating the enhanced formation in dark aqueous or multi-phase reactions. While more abundant CHO is observed during the daytime, likely due to the photochemical oxidation and photolysis of N- or S-containing formulas. The results provide an improved understanding of the in-cloud aqueous-phase reactions.
Travel and terrain advice statements in public avalanche bulletins: A quantitative analysis of who uses this information, what makes it useful, and how it can be improved for users
Authors: Fisher Kathryn C. , Haegeli Pascal , Mair Patrick
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Recreationists are responsible for developing their own risk management plans for travelling in avalanche terrain. In order to provide guidance for recreationists on mitigating exposure to avalanche hazard, many avalanche warning services include explicit travel and terrain advice (TTA) statements in their daily avalanche bulletins where forecasters offer guidance about what specific terrain to avoid and what to favour under the existing hazard conditions. However, the use and effectiveness of this advice has never been tested to ensure it meets the needs of recreationists developing their risk management approach for backcountry winter travel. We conducted an online survey in Canada and the United States to determine which user groups are paying attention to the TTA in avalanche bulletins, what makes these statements useful, and if modifications to the phrasing of the statements would improve their usefulness for users. Our analysis reveals that the core audience of the TTA is users with introductory level avalanche awareness training who integrate slope-scale terrain considerations into their avalanche safety decisions. Using a series of ordinal mixed effect models, we show that reducing the jargon used in the advice helped users with no or only introductory level avalanche awareness training understand the advice significantly better and providing additional context for the advice made the advice more useful for them. These results provide avalanche warning services with critical perspectives and recommendations for improving their TTA so that they can better support recreationists who are at earlier stages of developing their avalanche risk management approach and therefore need the support the most.
How intense daily precipitation depends on temperature and the occurrence of specific weather systems – an investigation with ERA5 reanalyses in the extratropical Northern Hemisphere
Authors: Zschenderlein Philipp , Wernli Heini
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Precipitation and surface temperature are two of the most important variables that describe our weather and climate. Several previous studies investigated aspects of their relationship, for instance the climatological dependence of daily precipitation on daily mean temperature, P(T). However, the role of specific weather systems in shaping this relationship has not been analysed yet. This study therefore identifies the weather systems (WS) that are associated with intense precipitation days as a function of T, focusing on the question how this relationship, symbolically expressed as P(T,WS), varies regionally across the Northern Hemisphere and between seasons. To this end, we first quantify, if intense precipitation occurs on climatologically warmer or on colder days, respectively. In winter, over most continental and ocean regions, intense precipitation falls on warmer days apart from the Mediterranean area and regions in the lee of the Rocky Mountains, where intense precipitation is favoured on colder days. In summer, only at high latitudes intense precipitation is favoured on warmer days, whereas continental areas experience intense precipitation on colder days. For selected regions in Europe and North America, we then identify the weather systems that occur preferentially on days with intense precipitation (referred to as wet days). In winter, cyclones are slightly dominant on colder wet days, whereas warm conveyor belts and atmospheric rivers occur preferentially on warmer wet days. In summer, the overall influence of atmospheric rivers increases and the occurrence of weather systems depend less on wet day temperature. Wet days in the lee of the Rocky Mountains are influenced by most likely convective systems in anticyclones. Finally, we investigate P(T,WS) during the wettest and driest season in Central Europe and the Central US. In qualitative agreement with the results from the first part of this study, the wettest winter is warmer than normal in Central Europe but colder in the Central US, and the wettest summer is colder in both regions. The opposite holds for the driest winter and summer, respectively. During these anomalous seasons, both the frequency and the precipitation efficiency of weather systems changes in Central Europe, while the wettest and driest seasons in Central US mainly arise from a modified precipitation efficiency. Our results show that the precipitation-temperature-weather system relationship strongly depends on the region, and that (extreme) seasonal precipitation is influenced by the frequency and precipitation efficiency of the different weather systems. This regional variability is reflected in the relative importance of weather system frequency and efficiency anomalies for the formation of anomalously wet and dry seasons.
Revised Typology of Place-Naming
Authors: Blair David , Tent Jan
Published: November 2021

A functional and systematic typology of toponyms is an essential instrument for the toponymist wishing to investigate the naming practices and patterns of a region. To this end, the Australian National Placenames Survey developed a toponym typology for Australia (Tent & Blair 2011). This was characterized as a ‘typology of motivations for naming’. Although various researchers have used this typology with seeming success, further application of the typology to the Survey’s database of toponyms has revealed the need for a re-evaluation of the naming process. This occasioned a modification of some toponym categories generating a revised typology which can be considered a ‘typology of expressions of the naming intention’.
Open Reduction And Internal Fixation Of Ankle Fractures - Is Timing Of Surgery Important?
Authors: Shah Faaiz Ali , Ali Mian Amjad , Akhtar Sajid , Ali Abbas
Published: November 2021

Objective: To determine the frequency of surgical site infection in ankle fractures fixed earlier or delayed. Methodology: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in the department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar from March 2016 to August 2018. The medical records of all the patients with ankle fractures fulfilling the inclusion criteria were analyzed retrospectively. Demographic details of the included subjects, time of surgery and frequency of surgical site infection was noted. Results: A total of 128 patients with mean age 38.8 years± SD 9.76(range 18-58 years) were included in our study. Male patients were 99 (77.3%) while female were 29 (22.6%). The number of patients who had open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) within the initial 24 hours after sustaining the fractures were 12 (9.3%) in number,58(45.6%) patients had surgery in 24 to 48 hours, 40 (31.4%) in 3 to 7 days and 18 (14.1%) had surgery in 8 to 14 days after the injury.The frequency of surgical site infection(SSI) was 42.5% (17/40) in patients operated in 3 to 7 days, 44.4%(8/18) in patients operated in 8 to 14 days while no surgical site infection was reported in 54.6% (70/128) patients operated in 24 to 48 hours. (P value < 0.05). Conclusion: The timing of ankle fracture surgery is very important. Open reduction and internal fixation of ankle fractures done earlier had no surgical site infection. Delayed fixation is associated with higher frequency of surgical site infection.
Grading Of Prostate Volume And International Prostatic Symptom Score (IPSS) In A Subset Of Karachi Population
Authors: Raza Iffat , Kamran Mahrukh , Shaheen Sadaf
Published: November 2021

Objective: Analyze grading of IPSS (International Prostatic Symptom Score) and PV (Prostate Volume) of BPH patients in a subset of Karachi Population. Methodology: A 103 Benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH) patients were recruited. A cross-sectional study was done Prostate Volume was recorded along with their IPSS also noted. Result: Among BPH patients 25.2% patients had prostate volume of 25 to 30 ml , 52.5% of patient had prostate volume of 30 to 50ml and 22.3% of patients had prostate volume above 50 ml. In IPSS grading 82.5% patients were under moderate symptom group and 17.5% were under severe symptom group. Conclusion: International Prostatic Symptom Score continues to increase as Prostate volume increases