bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Digital Elevation Model from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) on the Papaloapan Macro-Basin, Mexico, using LiDAR as benchmark
Authors:   Earth and Materials Sciences Academic Area, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Hidalgo, México, Uribe Edgar Misael , Cruz Escamilla José ,   Earth and Materials Sciences Academic Area, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Hidalgo, México, Juárez Abigail ,   Environmental Geology, Academic Area of Earth and Materials Sciences, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Hidalgo, México
Published: July 2024

The Digital Elevation Model (DEM) from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) is evaluated using a LiDAR DEM from INEGI as benchmark in the Papaloapan Basin (~58 000 km2) in Mexico. Three representative regions are selected: 1) a hilly region with strong slopes and elevations over 3 000 m; 2) a transitional region with relatively smoother slopes and elevations around 1 000 m, and 3) a floodplain with flat terrain and elevations below 100 m. The straight comparison of both datasets shows very similar elevation values at the hilly and transitional regions. However, in the floodplain, the relationship has a parabolic shape, and errors are relatively higher, in terms of the elevation range. This is probably due to systematic errors in SRTM being very close to the actual low elevations. Maps of errors suggest strong association with water bodies and the aspect. For example, in the transitional region, most negative errors are found on slopes facing east, while positive errors are found on slopes facing west. Three-dimensional histograms of errors vs. topographic features (elevation, slope, and aspect) are estimated. The histograms suggest a systematic error, which means SRTM could be improved with a simple calibration at least in these cases. Evaluations of public DEMs from different sources in Mexico are considered necessary for the identification of their strengths and weaknesses. We believe these evaluations might provide the grounds for the creation of improved MEDs in the future either by either a simple calibration or through composite MEDs from multiple sources.
Relación entre población y nivel estático: acuíferos Alto Atoyac y Huamantla, México
Authors:   Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala, México, Muñoz-Nava Hipólito , Torres-Luna Jenny Jaret ,   Gestora ambiental, Tlaxcala, México
Published: July 2024

En el área del estratovolcán La Malinche la fuente de agua es el acuífero. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la relación entre población y niveles estáticos (NE) en los acuíferos Alto Atoyac y Huamantla. Se utilizaron las siguientes variables: número de habitantes (NH), tasas de cambio anual de NE, porcentajes de cambio anual de NE (〖PCA〗_NE), tendencias de NE y NH. Los pozos se agruparon con análisis de componentes principales (ACP). Los 〖PCA〗_NE se compararon con un diseño factorial. La tasa de cambio anual promedio de NE fue igual a -0.159 m·año-1 y 6.7% de 〖PCA〗_NE. Las tasas de cambio de NE fueron estadísticamente diferentes entre los acuíferos. La relación entre NE y NH que resalta fue igual a -16.5 cm·hab-1. Las tendencias de NH fueron mayores que las tendencias de NE. El diseño factorial arrojó que entre las temporadas de lluvia y estiaje, los 〖PCA〗_NE no tuvieron diferencias significativas, pero entre los tipos de concesión sí los hubo. El ACP correlacionó 51 pozos con una componente. En resumen, este estudio reveló que los 〖PCA〗_NE son mayores en las zonas agrícolas y urbanas. El NE en los pozos de uso industrial se abate cinco veces más que en los de uso público. La relación entre población y NE fue más clara en la montaña que en los valles. El ACP mostró que los pozos de los alrededores de La Malinche se diferencian de los demás del área de estudio.
Enriquecimiento de bacterias anammox a temperatura ambiente con inóculos de lodos activados
Authors:   Empresa Mixta “Aguas de La Habana”, La Habana, Cuba, Fernández-Dorado Iván , Vega Aguilar Aylet ,   Universidad Tecnológica de La Habana “José Antonio Echeverría”, Facultad de Ingeniería Química, La Habana, Cuba
Published: July 2024

El descubrimiento del proceso de oxidación anaeróbica del amonio (anammox) abre nuevas alternativas para la eliminación de nitrógeno, más económicas que los tradicionales sistemas de nitrificación-desnitrificación. El enriquecimiento de estas bacterias se ve favorecido a temperaturas cálidas (superiores a 30 °C), similares a las que se logran en ambientes naturales cubanos. En este trabajo se evalúa el enriquecimiento de bacterias anammox a temperatura ambiente, con inóculos que provienen de diferentes sistemas de lodos activados para el tratamiento de aguas residuales municipales en Cuba. Los reactores son operados en batch, y se alimentan con medio sintético con suficiente amonio, nitrito y carbonatos. La actividad anammox comienza a detectarse, bajo condiciones controladas, después de los 40 días. Los valores promedio obtenidos para las relaciones estequiométricas, N-NO2-/N-NH4+ y N-NO3-/N-NH4+ fueron de 1.16 y 0.22, respectivamente. El mayor valor de la actividad máxima específica que se logra en los enriquecimientos es de 0.160 gNT·gSSV-1·d-1, operando con velocidades de remoción de nitrógeno entre 150 y 350 mgNT·l-1·d-1, y alcanzando una eficiencia media de remoción de nitrito del 93.8%. La actividad anammox en la fase estacionaria del crecimiento se afecta reversiblemente por la presencia de OD, lo cual es comprobado con ensayos en sistemas manométricos.
Modelo para estimar demanda de servicios públicos urbanos, zonificados, aplicando sistemas de información geográfica
Authors:   Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, La Coruña, España, Cobos Carlos Roberto , Anta José ,   Universidade da Coruña, Centro de Innovación Tecnolóxica en Edificacioìn e Enxeñaría Civil (CITEEC), La Coruña, España, Teijeiro María Teresa ,   Proyectos y Planificación, Departamento de Ingeniería Agroforestal, Escola Politécnica Superior de Enxeñaría, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, La Coruña, España, Basterrechea Manuel ,   Academia de Ciencias, Guatemala
Published: July 2024

Para el diseño y operación de cualquier servicio público, un elemento básico es determinar el número de personas a quienes se les prestará el servicio, no importando si es agua potable, drenajes, transporte o electricidad. Sin embargo, cuando los conglomerados urbanos son grandes o tienen ciudades dormitorio, la estimación de la población a servir se vuelve compleja, sobre todo porque los censos poblacionales por lo regular solo consideran la población residente en un territorio. Así, un distrito comercial o financiero puede tener una población residente relativamente pequeña, pero una población flotante considerable que, aunque solo trabaje, estudie o visite la zona, requiere los servicios básicos (agua, drenaje, etc.). Las mediciones de tráfico dan un valor global de cuántas personas ingresan a un municipio o territorio, pero difícilmente determinan cómo se distribuyen en las zonas urbanas. El modelo propuesto aprovecha las ventajas de los sistemas de información geográfica (SIG) para ubicar la demanda, calculando un estimado de la población a servir, en función de los metros cuadrados construidos y tipo de uso; esto permite no sólo determinar la población residente y flotante de una región, sino también sectorizar y delimitar áreas específicas para obtener los datos de población a servir en un sector, definiendo volúmenes de agua, redes, plantas potabilizadoras, tamaño de drenajes y descargas sanitarias, así como dimensionar plantas de tratamiento de aguas residuales (PTAR), o necesidades de transporte y servicio eléctrico. El modelo se aplicó en la zona urbana del municipio de Guatemala, Guatemala, ubicado en América Central, obteniéndose la población residente y flotante por cada una de las zonas. El modelo permite definir la población flotante, estimarla a futuro con base en las proyecciones de área construida y ajustarlo conforme ocurran los cambios.
La enseñanza de la filosofía a través de las series de televisión: estudio de caso de Merlí
Authors: Forteza Martínez Aurora
Published: July 2024

Las series de televisión son uno de los formatos más consumidos por los jóvenes. Gracias a ellas, se transmiten enseñanzas a través de los contenidos que se muestran. El objetivo de este estudio es conocer las enseñanzas relacionadas con la filosofía en Merlí. Se ha elegido una metodología cualitativa, a través de un análisis de contenidos y el estudio de los personajes. Los resultados muestran cómo se acerca la filosofía a los adolescentes a través de los asuntos que a estos les interesa. Se concluye que las series educativas tienen un gran valor didáctico para la audiencia.
Estrategias lectoras, pilar clave en la educación ecuatoriana

Authors: Vasquez Mena Lucía Geanett , Guamán Guaya Bertha Noemí , Pérez Navío Eufrasio
Published: July 2024

La lectura, al ser un proceso intencional y voluntario, requiere de habilidades, destrezas y estrategias didácticas para comprender el texto de manera efectiva, siendo el profesorado la clave fundamental para la consecución de este proceso. Por tanto, esta investigación se centra en determinar las estrategias didácticas que este utiliza para fomentar la motivación hacia la lectura, a través de un diseño cualitativo no experimental e interpretativo basado en la técnica de grupos focales, considerando las experiencias de representantes de 11 instituciones educativas de Ecuador que se hayan desempeñado como docentes y/o coordinadores del área de Lengua y Literatura con una formación de tercer y cuarto nivel e implementado proyectores lectores. Como resultado, la motivación del profesorado influye directamente en su capacidad para desarrollar estrategias innovadoras destinadas a promover la lectura del estudiantado, identificándose una desmotivación de este a medida que aumenta su nivel educativo, siendo relevante considerar el entorno educativo, pedagógico y social-afectivo como aspectos que favorecen la motivación hacia el hábito lector. Para incentivar la lectura en niños, niñas y adolescentes, es necesario desligar textos de lectura obligatorios y curriculares descontextualizados, requiriéndose de políticas educativas orientadas hacia la implementación de estrategias que involucren prácticas activas de lectura.
HF/HR VSP acquisition, processing, and interpretation in the deviated section of the high-angle geothermal borehole of Grigny GGR5, targeting intra-Dogger thin, porous beds
Authors: Naville Charles , Bailey James , Humphries Mary , Vicelli Joséphine , Hanot Frank , Soulas Sebastien
Published: July 2024

Defining 5 m thin, or even thinner, porous reservoir beds was the feasibility objective assigned to the High Frequency/High Resolution (HF/HR) look ahead VSP survey to be recorded in the deviated section of a geothermal production well drilled down to the top of the carbonate Dogger aquifer in the Paris basin, around 1500 m in vertical depth, with a landing angle of 65°. The idea was to predict the depth of the first porous bed(s) to be drilled at a high angle, and to determine the minimal DLS (Dog Leg Severity) to be applied by the driller after setting a production casing at the top Dogger level and changing the drilling fluid composition, to avoid directional drilling with sharp angles. A 50–100 m vertical depth range was targeted for the acoustic impedance to be predicted below the top Dogger carbonate aquifer. Besides, a Pilot Hole (PH) was drilled prior to the high-angle leg to assess with full reliability the depth of productive thin beds to be subsequently drilled at a high angle. These actions were undertaken within a global R&D project named “SISMOSUB” aiming reservoir characterization, conducted by the reservoir and drilling engineers of GEOFLUID/GPCIP, in partnership with IFPEN, and partially financed by ADEME (French Agency for Ecological Transition). High Frequency (HF) VSP still represents a frontier seismic domain to investigate, for which technical difficulties are piling up: First, the surface fix source needs to be extremely repeatable and preferably deliver an increased amount of HF energy to compensate somehow for the higher loss of seismic amplitudes with high frequency. Second, the downhole receiver tool or tool string may not present constant vector fidelity of 3 component reception over the whole recording frequency range, mainly in high frequency, due to mechanical coupling characteristics of the VSP tool hardware and the open borehole ruggedness; in cased hole, the mechanical coupling of the VSP tool to the formation is insured by a good cementing quality between casing and borehole wall. Third, the physics of the seismic attenuation is not fully understood and depends on several factors, mainly viscoelasticity and heterogeneity, potentially variable in depth and laterally to the wellbore. Additionally, the geometrical spreading represents the main factor of amplitude decay, independent from frequency, and can be estimated at the processing stage. Surprisingly, the VSP image produced underneath the deviated hole section evidenced a faulted structure. A remarkable abrupt amplitude loss of high frequencies above 120 Hz occurs where the direct P-wave ray crosses one of the confirmed minor faults before reaching Total Depth (TD); secondary downgoing arrivals appear locally in-depth, mainly in the high frequencies, which are not strictly parallel to the first P-wave arrival…
Assessment of liver fibrosis by transient elastography among human immunodeficiency virus/hepatitis B virus and hepatitis B virus-mono-infected patients on tenofovir therapy in Jos, Nigeria
Authors: Anejo-okopi Joseph , Agboola Oludare Oladipo , Amanyi David Ochola , Okojokwu Ocheme Julius , Onwuamah Chika , Jonathan Bulus , Azubuike Chima Anyuku , Tanko Akpa Samuel , Ramyil Seljul Mamzhi Crown , Ujah Otobo Innocent
Published: July 2024

Objectives:

Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection, both in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection and hepatitis B virus (HBV)-mono-infection, is associated with a risk of progression to chronic liver disease. In Nigeria, there is a paucity of data on transient elastography (TE) in HIV/HBV and HBVmono-infected patients. This study aimed at assessing liver fibrosis using TE in relation to liver function biomarkers and HBV deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) among HIV/HBV and HBV-mono-infected patients on long-term antiviral therapy.

Material and Methods:

This was a cross-sectional study among HBV–HIV and HBV-mono-infected adult’s patients receiving a tenofovir-containing antiretroviral and mono-tenofovir ≥12 months at three selected tertiary hospitals in Jos Metropolis from February 2018 to May 2019, after obtaining ethical approval from the Institutional Review Boards and informed consents. The patients’ HBV DNA, platelet count, hematological, and biochemical parameters were assessed, and liver stiffness was measured by TE in kilopascals (kPa), and valid TE measurements were interpreted as: normal (F0– 1 0–4), minimal fibrosis (F2 5–7.4), moderate (F3 7.5.9.4), and severe fibrosis and cirrhosis (F4 ≥9.5).

Results:

A total of 101 (50 HIV/HBV and 51 HBV-mono-infected) were enrolled during the study period, comprising 42.6% males and 57.4% females. The median age interquartile range among HIV/HBV coinfected was 40.5 years (36.0–45.3) and HBV-mono-infected was 41.0 years (35.0–49.0). The median platelet count was low in the HBV-mono-infected group 195 × 109/L (168–257), P = 0.034. The overall prevalence of severe liver fibrosis (≥9.5 kPa) was 13/101 (13.0%), and among HIV/HBV-coinfected and HBV-mono-infected patients, the prevalence was 4/50 (8.0%) and 9/51 (17.6%), respectively. The plasma HBV DNA was <20 copies/mL in 38/50 (76.0%) HIV/HBV coinfected individuals and in 30/51 (58.8%) of HBV-mono-infected patients. In addition, 10/50 (20.0%) HIV/HBV coinfected and 19/50 (37.3%) HBV-mono-infected patients had plasma HBV DNA levels of 20–20,000 copies/mL. In the case of HIV/HBV coinfection, the prevalence of severe fibrosis (≥9.5) was 4/50 (8.0%), while in HBV-mono-infected patients, the prevalence was was 9/51 (17.6%). The overall prevalence of thrombocytopenia was observed in 4/101 cases (3.9%): 1/50 (2.0%) in HIV/HBV coinfected individuals and 3/51 (5.9%) in HBV-mono-infected patients.

Conclusion:

Severe liver fibrosis as observed among HIV/HBV-coinfected and HBV-mono-infected patients in this study affirmed the necessity of routine HBV screening in clinics and it highlights the immense potentials of tenofovir therapy in the treatment of CHB patients.
Strategi Komunikasi Digitalisasi Ganjar Pranowo Menuju Pilpres 2024
Authors: Muhammad Habibi Putra Pratama  , Erwan Efendi
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi komunikasi digitalisasi Ganjar Pranowo sebagai capres 2024 selama kampanye berlangsung. Fokusnya adalah pendayagunaan dalam memanfaatkan media sosial sebagai alat politik guna menaikkan elektabilitas Ganjar Pranowo sebagai capres. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif, sebab penelitian kualitatif ini menjurus ke penafsiran fenomena yang terjadi, yaitu peneliti sebagai instrumen kunci. Teknik analisis isi diterapkan pada penelitian ini guna memaknai setiap strategi komunikasi digitalisasi Ganjar Pranowo berupa unggahan dari konten di media sosial. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan data primer yang dikumpulkan melalui observasi di media sosial, dan data sekunder didapatkan melalui dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Ganjar Pranowo memanfaatkan digitalisasi untuk meningkatkan elektabilitasnya di Pilpres 2024. Dengan konten yang tersebar luas di media sosial, Ganjar mencoba membangun komunikasi yang kuat dengan masyarakat. Namun, sampai pada akhir waktu kampanye berlangsung, Ganjar tidak mampu menaikkan elektabilitasnya sebab stigma masyarakat yang melekat menyebabkan kepercayaan mereka perlahan surut kepada sosok ganjar yang diusung sebagai calon presiden 2024.
Hubungan Beban Kerja Terhadap Produktivitas Kerja Karyawan di PT Multiagro Sumatera Jaya (MSJ) Kecamatan Kualuh Hulu
Authors: Viona Afiqah  , Utami Tri Niswati , Aidha Zuhrina
Published: July 2024

Kondisi berpotensi mempengaruhi tidak tercapainya target produksi di PT Multiagro Sumatera Jaya (MSJ) Kecamatan Kualuh Hulu ini adalah beban kerja yang terlalu besar yang diberikan kepada karyawan. Beban kerja yang harus diselesaikan karyawan tidak seimbang dengan waktu kerja yang diberikan kepada karyawan untuk memproduksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya Hubungan Beban Kerja Terhadap Produktivitas Kerja Karyawan di PT Multiagro Sumatera Jaya (MSJ) Kecamatan Kualuh Hulu. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode Penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian ialah cross sectional Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di PT. Multiagro Sumatra Jaya (MSJ) Kecamatan Kualuh Hulu. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah pekerja berjumlah 120 orang. Sampel penelitian ini menggunakan teknik accidental sampling dengan sampel 61 orang, menggunakan instrumen penelitian angket/kuesioner kemudian diolah ke SPSS untuk mengetahui univariat dan bivariat Chi-square. Berdasarkan hasil uji Chi-square diatas didapatkan bahwa hasil beban kerja sedang terhadap kondisi produktivitas kerja sedang memiliki kategori terbesar sehingga p value didapat sebesar 0,036 < 0,05 artinya ada hubungan yang signifikan antara beban kerja terhadap produktivitas kerja pada pekerja di bagian pengolahan di PT Multiagro Sumatera Jaya (MSJ). Beban kerja merupakan faktor yang paling sering di alami oleh setiap pekerja. Semakin maju perusahaan semakin besar pula beban kerja yang di tanggungkan kepada pekerja.
Native Language Vocabulary Level in Sakha Children of Early Bilingual Mixed Type (on the Material of Nyurba Ulus of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia))
Authors: Иванова Н.И. , Никитина Н.И.
Published: July 2024

Научная новизна исследования заключается в попытке социолингвистического рассмотрения проблемы воспроизводства якутского языка детьми дошкольного и школьного возраста, связанных с языковыми установками их родителей. Целью статьи является выявление уровня владения родным языком при смешанном типе раннего двуязычия на примере исследования детей саха 5–14 лет в Нюрбинском улусе Республики Саха (Якутия). В результате сбора и анализа эмпирического материала, в который входит интервьюирование детей, невключенное наблюдение за детским общением, анкетирование, а также беседы с педагогами и родителями, получены предварительные результаты исследования, выявляющие признаки языкового сдвига в условиях раннего двуязычия смешанного типа. Поиск причин позволил определить в качестве основных факторов недостаточно сформированные языковые установки родителей по отношению к билингвизму, развитию речи детей в семье, а также недостаточность организации комплексной педагогической работы в образовательных учреждениях, в том числе инновационных.
Yakut Linguistics: Directions and Development Prospects in the Context of P.A. Sleptsov’s Scientifi c Activity
Authors: Данилова Н.И. , Попова Н.И. , Дьячковский Ф.Н.
Published: July 2024

. В предлагаемой статье освещаются основные научные направления, в том числе новые, якутского языкознания, теоретико-методологические основы которых заложены результатами деятельности профессора П.А. Слепцова. Они касаются вопросов истории развития и изучения языка, проблем перевода, истоков и основ становления и развития якутского литературного языка, принципов изучения и сущности лингвофольклористики и социолингвистики, связанных, соответственно, с содержанием, состоянием и функционированием языка. Исследование преследует цель осмыслить в общих чертах вклад ученого в науку о языке, выявить и представить актуальные задачи дальнейших междисциплинарных исследований якутского языка на разных уровнях с позиций компаративистики, типологии и в аспекте его нормализации, сформулированные в программных публикациях ученого. Важное место среди них в перспективе изучения занимают проблемы взаимосвязи истории языка с историей народа, вклад, внесенный каждым из исследователей языка в дело его изучения в аспекте историографии, вопросы русско-якутского и якутско-русского двуязычия, взаимовлияния языков, а также прикладные вопросы языкознания: культуры устной и письменной речи в СМИ, орфографии, терминотворчества, составления словарей разного типа, антологий и каталогов переводной литературы и др.
Application of the Adiabatic Connection Random Phase Approximation to Electron-Nucleus Hyperfine Coupling Constants
Authors: Bruder Florian , Weigend Florian , Franzke Yannick J.
Published: July 2024

The electron-nucleus hyperfine coupling constant is a challenging property for density functional methods. For accurate results, hybrid functionals with a large amount of exact exchange are often needed and there is no clear "one-for-all" functional, which describes the hyperfine coupling interaction for a large set of nuclei. To alleviate this unfavorable situation, we apply the adiabatic connection random phase approximation (RPA) in its post-Kohn-Sham fashion to this property as a first test. For simplicity, only the Fermi-contact and spin--dipole terms are calculated within the non-relativistic and the scalar-relativistic exact two-component framework. This requires to solve a single coupled-perturbed Kohn-Sham equation to evaluate the relaxed density matrix, which comes with a modest increase in computational demands. RPA performs remarkably well and substantially improves upon its Kohn-Sham (KS) starting point while also reducing the dependence on the KS reference. For main-group systems, RPA outperforms global, range-separated, and local hybrid functionals—at similar computational costs. For transition-metal compounds and lanthanide complexes, a similar performance as for hybrid functionals is observed. In contrast, related post-Hartree-Fock methods such as Mølller-Plesset perturbation theory or CC2 perform worse than semilocal density functionals.
Enhancing cis-trans azobenzene photoisomerization in mismatching mixed-linker multivariate Zr6 MOFs.
Authors: Rosales-Martínez Carmen , López-Alcalá Diego , Assis Marcelo , Castillo-Blas Celia , Baldoví José J. , Abánades Lázaro Isabel
Published: July 2024

Multivariate metal-organic frameworks (MTV MOFs) have emerged as promising materials due to their ability to combine properties that enhance features beyond those of their pristine counterparts. Despite the potential for tailoring electronic properties through structural distortions and defect sites introduced by linkers of variable lengths, examples remain scarce, and information on the electronic structure of mismatching MTV MOFs is limited. Here, we present the multivariate mismatching linker approach to generate well-dispersed nanoparticulated MOFs with variable lattice parameters and porosity features controlled by mixed-linker composition. Structural defects, such as tangling linkers, are generated due to mismatching crystal lattices, tuning the electronic structure even at low concentrations. Combining biphenyl and azobenzene ditopic linkers in Zr6-MOFs promotes cis-trans photoisomerization of tangling azobenzene linkers, which is typically constrained in azobenzene MOFs with linkers bonded through both carboxylates. Moreover, introducing low quantities of azobenzene drastically reduces the bandgap of the materials due to the contribution of the azo group, which is supported by first-principles calculations. This paves the way for new photo-responsive materials for photo-switching applications.
An atomistic interpretation of the oxygen K-edge X-ray absorption spectra of layered Li-ion battery cathode materials
Authors: Ramesh Namrata , Banerjee Hrishit , Swallow Jack E. N. , Björklund Erik , Dean Ava , Didwal Pravin , Fraser Michael , Phelan Conor M. E. , An Lijin , Singh Jasper , Lewis Jarrod , Song Weixin , House Robert A. , Morris Andrew J. , Weatherup Robert S. , Nicholls Rebecca J.
Published: July 2024

Core loss spectroscopies can provide powerful element-specific insight into the redox processes occurring in Li-ion battery cathodes, but this requires accurate interpretation of the spectral features. Here, we systematically interpret oxygen K-edge core loss spectra of layered lithium transition-metal (TM) oxides (LiMO2 where M=Co, Ni ,Mn) from first principles using density-functional theory (DFT). Spectra are simulated using three exchange-correlation functionals, comprising the GGA functional PBE, the DFT-PBE + Hubbard U method and the meta-GGA functional rSCAN. In general, rSCAN provides a better match to experimentally observed excitation energies of spectral features compared to both PBE and PBE+U, especially at energies close to the main edge. Projected density of states of core-hole calculations show that the O orbitals are better described by rSCAN. Hybridisation, structural distortions, chemical composition, and magnetism significantly influence the spectra. The O K-edge spectrum of LiNiO2 obtained using rSCAN shows a closer match to the experimental XAS when derived from a simulation cell which includes a Jahn-Teller distortion, showing that the DFT-calculated pre-edge feature contains information about not only chemical species but also geometric distortion. Core loss spectra derived from DFT can also differentiate between materials with the same structure and magnetic configuration but comprising different TMs; these differences are comparable to those observed in experimental XAS from the same materials. This foundational work helps establish the extent to which DFT can be used to bridge the interpretation gap between experimental spectroscopic signatures and ab initio methods describing complex battery materials, such as lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxides.
Unveiling an Unexpected Branching Point in α-pinene Ozonolysis via Molecular Dynamics Guided Reaction Discovery
Authors: yang huan , Raucci Umberto , Iyer Siddharth , Hasan Galib , Golin Almeida Thomas , Barua Shawon , Savolainen Anni , Kangasluoma Juha , Rissanen Matti , Vehkamaki Hanna , Kurten Theo
Published: July 2024

Secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) significantly impact Earth’s climate and human health. Although the oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) has been recognized as the major contributor to the atmospheric SOA budget, the mechanisms by which this process produces SOA-forming highly oxygenated organic molecules (HOMs) remain unclear. A major challenge is navigating the complex chemical landscape of these transformations, which traditional hypothesis-driven methods fail to thoroughly investigate. Here, we explored the oxidation of α-pinene, a critical atmospheric biogenic VOC, using a novel reaction discovery approach based on ab initio molecular dynamics and state-of-the-art enhanced sampling techniques. Our approach successfully identified all established reaction pathways of α-pinene ozonolysis, as well as discovered multiple novel species and pathways without relying on a priori chemical knowledge. In particular, we unveiled an unexpected branching point that leads to the rapid formation of alkoxy radicals, whose high and diverse reactivity help to explain hitherto unexplained oxidation pathways suggested by mass spectral peaks observed in α-pinene ozonolysis experiments. This branching point is likely prevalent across a variety of atmospheric VOCs and could be crucial in establishing the missing link to SOA-forming HOMs.
Reading Difficulty of Consumer Medicine Information (CMI) Leaflets for Five Chronic Ailments in Ghana
Authors: Gyasi W. K. , Dwumoh J. S.
Published: July 2024

Purpose: This study examined the reading difficulty of Consumer Medicine Information leaflets of five chronic-disease medicines.
Design/ Methodology/ Approach: In this descriptive, cross-sectional study, 192 leaflets were randomly downloaded from the World Wide Web: Asthma (35), Cancer (42), Diabetes (41), HIV (29), and Hypertension (45). Text from each ‘leaflet’ was analysed using the Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG), Flesch Reading Ease, and Gunning Fog indexes.
Findings: Consistently, the difficulty of the texts exceeded the recommended difficulty levels. A comparison of mean scores showed leaflets for HIV medication were the most difficult to read because they were written at grade levels too high for the average literate adult.
Research Limitations: Readability indexes are suited to only prose. They neither measure how well-organised the text is, nor indicate the suitability of typographical features, such as illustrations, typeface, appeal of presentation, and use of white space. Readability scores do not account for readers’ backgrounds, exposure, and motivation.
Practical implication: Developing user-friendly consumer medicine information leaflets can reduce the need for extensive explanations, allowing healthcare providers to allocate their time more efficiently.
Social Implication: Improving the readability of Consumer Medicine Information leaflets can enhance health literacy, leading to better health outcomes and reduced healthcare costs associated with medication errors.
Originality/Value: While readability indices have been widely used, their application specifically to Consumer Medicine Information leaflets for chronic ailments such as diabetes, hypertension, asthma, arthritis, and heart disease in Ghana is novel. Chronic ailments require continuous and often complex medication regimens, making readability particularly crucial.
YẾU TỐ ẢNH HƯỞNG ĐẾN XUẤT KHẨU CỦA VIỆT NAM SANG LIÊN MINH CHÂU ÂU TRONG BỐI CẢNH EVFTA
Authors: Hoàn Phan Thanh , My Dương Thị Diệu , Hương Nguyễn Thị Lệ
Published: July 2024

Nghiên cứu này phân tích các yếu tố ảnh hưởng xuất khẩu của Việt Nam sang EU trong bối cảnh Hiệp định thương mại tự do Liên minh châu Âu - Việt Nam (EVFTA) đã có hiệu lực bằng áp dụng mô hình trọng lực trong thương mại quốc tế. Kết quả ước lượng từ mô hình cho thấy, quy mô nền kinh tế, chênh lệch thu nhập và khoảng cách địa lý giữa hai bên có tác động lớn đến xuất khẩu của Việt Nam - EU. Ngược lại, tỷ giá hối đoái có tác động tiêu cực đến thương mại song phương hai bên. Trong khi đó, thuế quan không có ý nghĩa thống kê trong mô hình và không mang dấu hợp lý. Trên cơ sở đó, nghiên cứu khuyến nghị các chính sách nhằm thúc đẩy xuất khẩu của Việt Nam sang EU.
A REVIEW OF THE NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL POLICY OF ZAMBIA AND ITS ALIGNMENT WITH SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES: A CASE STUDY OF KASISI AGRICULTURAL TRAINING CENTRE
Authors: Chisha Norah , Togo Muchaiteyi
Published: July 2024

Kasisi Agricultural Training Centre (KATC) in association with small-scale farmers, has a vital role in fostering sustainable organic practices for sustainable agricultural development. A study was conducted to establish the alignment of sustainable agriculture practices at KATC, with that of the National agricultural policy and, how sustainable practices are implemented by the training institution. The qualitative case study involved seventeen (17) participants who were purposively selected from the target population. Data was collected using semi-structured interviews, observations, and a focus group discussion. A document review on SNAP’s sustainable agricultural practices (SAPs) was conducted, and data were analysed using thematic content analysis. The study showed that KATC’s sustainable organic practices such as soil fertility management, soil and water conservation, and pest and disease management were aligned with policy objectives of, increasing crop production, food security, and nutrition, promoting sustainable management and use of natural resources. An integrated approach is essential in implementing SAPs aligned with policy objectives, to enable the effective adoption of SAPs by small-scale farmers and agricultural development. The study recommended specific policies and legislation on sustainable agriculture to influence the implementation of sustainability practices.
AUTOREGRESSIVE DISTRIBUTED LAG MODELING OF IMPACT OF CLIMATIC AND NON-CLIMATIC FACTORS INFLUENCING SORGHUM PRODUCTION IN ETHIOPIA
Authors: Gayesa Tirfi Abera
Published: July 2024

This study examined factors influencing sorghum output in Ethiopia using ARDL model over the period 1981 to 2020. The elasticity coefficient of crop growing period mean temperature showed negatively significant impact on sorghum production in the long-run, aligning with theory. Conversely, main-season rainfall had positively significant impact on sorghum output, contrasting with the theory. Among non-climatic variables, sorghum price and area under sorghum had affirmatively considerable contribution to sorghum production as expected in theory. In the short-run, mean temperature revealed negatively significant impact on sorghum production, supporting the theory. Conversely, the main season rainfall and area under sorghum production demonstrated positively significant impact on sorghum production. Furthermore, sorghum output is positively responsive to own price during the second lag differences, implying that any price incentive strategy should be released before the last year. Equally, sorghum output is positively responsive to fertilizers applied in the first lag, which implies that fertilizers applied on sorghum cultivation during first lag difference have positive contribution to sorghum output supply. In view of the results of the current study, it is strongly recommended that the government should come up with strategies and policies that help sorghum farmers to mitigate and adapt to climate change.
Convite a histórias de viajantes
Authors: Martinelli Ferreira Flávia , Lira de Vasconcelos Rafaella , Dittrich Wiggers Ingrid
Published: July 2024

O artigo tem por objetivo destacar o percurso de estabelecimento da antropologia e da educação comparada, considerando como cada campo enfocou a dimensão do outro. Desse modo, examina a pluralidade de abordagens que instigam a comunicabilidade entre as áreas, indicando desdobramentos para as pesquisas com crianças. Concluímos que, apesar dos campos em tela apresentarem trajetórias marcadas por conflitos e instabilidades com relação ao entendimento da alteridade, ambos têm atualmente percebido o outro como um interlocutor ativo.
A Administração é prescritiva, fazer o quê? Uma proposta de/para desconstrução
Authors: Martins Gomes Greice , Roberto Váttimo Bruck Ney
Published: July 2024

Frente à questão a ‘Administração é prescritiva, fazer o quê?’ Nossa proposta seria: desconstruir. Fazê-lo é deslocar-se em direção à ruptura com certas hierarquias estruturalistas que marcam essa área do conhecimento desde seus autores clássicos. Para tal empreitada utilizamos como referencial teórico a desconstrução, de Jacques Derrida, uma das vertentes mais criativas do pós-estruturalismo. A originalidade deste ensaio está em refletir sobre como seria uma possível estratégia desconstrucionista aplicada ao campo da Administração, bem como propor um arranjo de saberes efetivamente transdisciplinar.
INNOVATIVE TRANSFORMATIONS OF THE NATIONAL LEGAL SYSTEM OF UKRAINE AS A CONDITION FOR PARTICIPATION IN EUROPEAN POLICIES
Authors: Perederii Oleksandr
Published: July 2024

Introduction. The article highlights the essence of the main innovative transformations taking place in the legal system of Ukraine in the context of intensification of the European integration processes from the standpoint of general theoretical analysis. The author focuses on the interrelation between changes in the national legal system of Ukraine and the State's involvement in European policies.

Summary of the main results of the study. It is found that deepening of Ukraine's participation in European policies depends on several basic organizational and legal factors: formation of a unique regulatory framework for the implementation of EU legal standards into the system of national legislation of Ukraine, institutional reforms in the system of public authorities, improvement of the contractual framework for the development and deepening of political relations between Ukraine and the united Europe. The author reveals the main clusters of EU law provisions which are currently most implemented in the legal system of Ukraine (customs, food security, veterinary and phytosanitary policy, consumer protection and healthcare, statistics, foreign relations, transport policy, freedom of entrepreneurship and provision of services, financial services, freedom of movement of goods). It is proved that formal and legal support for the "transfer" of many areas of public administration and life in Ukraine to EU standards contributes to the formation of new social practices of their implementation similar to the European ones (functioning of public services, law enforcement and public safety, education and science, health care, etc.)

Conclusion. The author substantiates the conclusion that innovative changes in the national legal system of Ukraine determine the degree and depth of our country's participation in European policies. The gradual deepening of involvement of employees of the system of public authorities and local self-government, as well as citizens involved in other spheres of society in the main areas of the EU's functioning, creates a real basis for accelerating Ukraine's accession to the EU. Accordingly, a promising task of legal science is to substantiate the most effective ways of further implementation of legal standards for the regulation of public relations, which are recognised as model ones at the EU level.
Spatial analysis of provision the population of Kharkiv with civil defense facilities
Authors: Sehida Kateryna , Chekhov Serhii
Published: July 2024

The article analyzed the territorial aspect of the distribution and capacity characteristics of civil defense structures in the city of Kharkiv, comparing it with the population size. In the first stage, population density was calculated for specific areas within the maximum permissible radius of the nearest available shelter. The spatial characteristics of the location (level of clustering) and capacity of the defense structures were examined for these same areas. Finally, the population size was correlated with the capacity of the civil defense structures, and spatial clustering of the identified areas was conducted based on this attribute.

The geostatistical method of spatial interpolation was used to determine population density in specific areas and fill gaps in the primary data. The application of this method required the following sequential procedures: transforming the primary data according to a normal distribution, constructing a semivariogram model of the transformed variables, aggregating the model into a surface, and defining target polygons. During the calculation of the territorial provision of various types of shelters in the city of Kharkiv, the following sources were utilized: a layer of point objects from the interactive map of open data on the Kharkiv Geoportal (to determine the locations and types of protective structures), and information from the website of the non-commercial enterprise «Emergency Medical Care and Disaster Medicine Center» of the Kharkiv Regional Council (to update information on the capacity of storage facilities and anti-radiation shelters). The Global Moran’s Index and Local Moran’s Index are statistical methods used to assess spatial autocorrelation, which is the degree of clustering or spatial pattern in a variable across a defined area. In this case, they were employed to evaluate the spatial autocorrelation of the capacity of civil defense structures in specific parcels in Kharkiv. The Global Moran’s Index indicated a high level of clustering of areas based on this attribute. Using the Local Moran’s Index, parcels were classified into five object classes: High-High cluster (HH), Low-Low cluster (LL), a high-value outlier surrounded by low-values (HL), a low-value outlier surrounded by high-values (LH), and areas without cluster or outliers (non-significant).

The scientific novelty of the article, compared to related studies on a similar topic, lies in the utilization and transformation of a hexagonal grid of population density distribution in the city of Kharkiv, in accordance with the research requirements. In the conclusions, based on the results of cluster analysis and through the adaptation of the tectological principle of the weakest link to the realities of the present, a comprehensive sequential strategy for addressing the shortcomings of territorial provision of civil defense structures in ensuring the population of Kharkiv was proposed.
Spatial assessment of buildings energy consumption based on three-dimensional modeling of the urban environment
Authors: Serohin Denys , Kostrikov Sergiy
Published: July 2024

The article deals with the application of spatial assessment of urban buildings energy consumption (EC) and analyzing the results based on the urbogeosystems approach. Assessment of buildings EC involves establishing a correlation between their EC and the relevant geometric characteristics, in particular, the buildings height and volume. The authors propose the use of remote laser scanning data (LiDAR data) for the automated extraction of these characteristics of buildings with high accuracy.

An original approach to processing and analyzing LiDAR data using the tools of the author's web-based GIS application for the purpose of buildings extraction and modeling is presented. The extracted building models contain their exact geometric characteristics and generalized architectural properties as attributes.

The article presents a methodology for calculating the EC of buildings, which uses their geometric information, as well as information on their age and type, which are also correlated with the buildings EC. Based on the buildings geometry obtained from LiDAR data, the indicator of their usable area (intended for heating) is determined. To estimate EC, data on the buildings EC are taken from real meter readings, which are extrapolated to the calculated indicator of the buildings usable area. A semantic table is created that corrects the calculated building EC, depending on its age and type, and determines the final energy efficiency class of the building.

According to the above methods, three-dimensional models of buildings for the cities of Amsterdam and Eindhoven were extracted and visualized, with the color scheme applied to the buildings reflecting their energy efficiency classes. The essence of the urbogeosystemic analysis of the urban environment in the context of the urban EC study is revealed. On the basis of the obtained visualization of the spatial distribution of urban EC, certain regularities of such distribution between individual urban buildings are identified and the factors influencing the level of this indicator are determined.
Comparing the Scores of The Functional Movement Screen™ in Individuals with Low Back Pain versus Healthy Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Alkhathami Khalid M. , Alqahtani Bijad
Published: July 2024

Background

The Functional Movement Screen™ (FMS™) is widely used to assess functional movement patterns and illuminate movement dysfunctions that may have a role in injury risk. However, the association between FMS™ scores and LBP remains uncertain.

Objective

The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine functional movement scores among patients with low back pain (LBP) and healthy subjects with no LBP and review the validity of the FMS™ tool for screening functional movement among LBP patients.

Methods

The systematic review and meta-analysis included papers assessing functional movement among adult patients with LBP using the FMS™ through a literature review of five databases. The search strategy focused used relevant keywords: Functional movement screen AND low back pain. The review included all papers assessing functional movement among LBP adult patients (>18 years old) using the FMS™ published between 2003 to 2023. The risk of bias in the involved studies was evaluated using the updated Cochrane ROB 2 tool. Statistical analysis was conducted using Review Manager software, version 5.4. The meta-analysis included the total FMS™ score and the scores of the seven FMS™ movement patterns.

Results

Seven studies were included in this systematic review were considered to have low to unclear risk of bias. The meta-analysis revealed that the LBP group had a significantly lower total FMS™ score than the control group by 1.81 points (95% CI (-3.02, -0.59), p= 0.004). Patients with LBP had a significantly lower score than the control group regarding FMS™ movement patterns, the deep squat (p <0.01), the hurdle step (p <0.01), the inline lunge (P value <0.01), the active straight leg raise (p <0.01), the trunk stability push-up (p=0.02), and the rotational stability screens (p <0.01).

Conclusion

Lower scores on the FMS™ are associated with impaired functional movement. Identifying the specific functional movement impairments linked to LBP can assist in the creation of personalized treatment plans and interventions. Further research is needed to assess the association of cofounders, such as age, gender, and body mass index, with the FMS™ score among LBP patients and controls.

Level of evidence

1