bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peran Ekonomi Syariah dalam Membentuk Pribadi yang Berjiwa Entrepeneur dan Islami
Authors: Wardana Ali
Published: January 2025

Dalam sejarah islam, kewirausahaan dalam ekonomi adalah sesuatu yang sangat mutlak di dalam hidup manusia selaku pemimpin di muka bumi sebagai fungsinya memelihara bumi serta membawa ke arah yang lebih baik. Entrepreneur bukan perihal yang asing karena Rasulullah serta banyak teman- temannya merupakan pedagang dalam fase Mekah. Dan islam menjunjung seseorang entrepeneur yang amanah serta menempatkan para pedagang yang jujur dan amanah kepada tempat yang terpuji seperti para nabi, syuhada dan Solihin. Hingga, lewat ekonomi syariah/Islam pula berfungsi membentuk jiwa yang mempunyai jiwa entrepeneurship yang islami. Riset ini ialah riset kepustakaan ataupun library research, dengan pengumpulan informasi dengan menelaah secara kritis serta mendalam terhadap bahan- bahan pustaka yang relevan. dan hasil penelitian ini ialah ekonomi syariah mempunyai kedudukan yang penting dalam membentuk jiwa Entrepreneurship yang islami, terdapat Enam karakter yang dimiliki oleh entrepreneur Islami ialah disiplin, mandiri, realistis, berkomiten, jujur, serta produktif. bila diimplementasikan keenam perihal tersebut maka orang tersebut sudah bisa menjadi seseorang Entrepreneur islami.
Analisis Penerapan Pengendalian Material Impor Pada Proyek Rancang Bangun Terintegrasi (Design and Build) di Ibu Kota Nusantara
Authors: Amrilia Carin Elok
Published: January 2025

Pembangunan Ibu Kota Nusantara merupakan proyek strategis nasional yang diharapkan selesai pada 2024, dengan sistem kontrak Design and Build (DB) yang memungkinkan konstruksi berjalan paralel dengan desain. Penelitian ini menganalisis pengendalian material impor pada proyek ini, khususnya untuk memastikan ketersediaan material sesuai kebutuhan spesifikasi dan jadwal proyek, serta kepatuhan pada regulasi Tingkat Komponen Dalam Negeri (TKDN). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus pada proyek di Ibu Kota Nusantara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengendalian material impor dihadapkan pada berbagai kendala, termasuk waktu terbatas untuk desain dasar, kesalahan dokumen, dan keterbatasan pelatihan personel terkait standar dokumen. Solusi yang diusulkan mencakup sesi desain intensif, penggunaan sistem pelacakan digital, dan pelatihan rutin. Kinerja pengendalian material impor pada proyek ini berada dalam kategori cukup, dengan rekomendasi perbaikan untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan efektivitas proses pengadaan material. Studi ini berkontribusi pada pemahaman akan tantangan dan solusi dalam pengendalian material impor pada proyek Design and Build di Indonesia.
Hubungan Kualitas Tidur Dengan Tekanan Darah pada Mahasiswa Tingkat Akhir
Authors: Lorenna May , Amalia Lisa Rizky
Published: January 2025

Mahasiswa tingkat akhir cenderung memiliki tekanan akademik yang lebih berat dikarenakan mereka dituntut untuk bisa menyelesaikan masa studinya tepat waktu. Hal tersebut menyebabkan sebagian besar mahasiswa memiliki kualitas tidur yang kurang baik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan kualitas tidur dengan tekanan darah pada mahasiswa tingkat akhir. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif korelasional, dengan rancangan penelitian cross-sectional. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah quota sampling dan didapatkan 66 responden mahasiswa. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner The Piitsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) dengan Cronbach’s Alpha 0,89 dan pengukuran tekanan darah menggunakan sphygmomanometer. Pengolahan data menggunakan SPSS versi 21 dengan menggunakan uji spearmen. Hasil dari uji spearmen diperoleh p=0,299 (p value >0,05) yang berarti tidak ada hubungan antara kualitas tidur dengan tekanan darah pada mahasiswa tingkat akhir. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi refleksi bagi mahasiswa untuk dapat menyelesaikan kewajiban akademik tanpa mengalami gangguan kesehatan, dan juga mempertahankan kualitas tidur yang baik dan memperbaiki kualitas tidur yang buruk.
The Significance of Female Body in Shelley Jackson’s Hypertext Fiction My Body - A Wunderkammer: A Feminist Perspective
Authors: Yogayudha Patricius Sulistya Eka Apira , Iskarna Tatang
Published: January 2025

This research explores Shelley Jackson’s My Body - A Wunderkammer, analysing how the narrative reflects gender power dynamics and contributes to the discourse on gender equality. Focusing on three main areas—representation of the female body, subversion of conventional narratives through hypertext fiction, and challenges to gender norms in cyber literature—the study employs a feminist theoretical framework combined with close reading and thematic analysis. The findings reveal that Jackson's innovative use of hypertext fiction allows for a non-linear and immersive exploration of bodily autonomy, societal expectations, and the complexities of gender identity. This research highlights the significance of interactive and digital literature as powerful tools for feminist expression, promoting a more inclusive understanding of gendered experiences. Furthermore, the study underscores the potential of contemporary digital technologies to enhance feminist narratives, encouraging future explorations and innovations in this field. By situating Jackson's work within the evolving landscape of digital literature, the research demonstrates how interactive narratives can advance feminist discourse.
Toleransi Sosial Dalam Tinjauan Agama Di Perkotaan Minoritas Muslim : Studi Kasus Di Kota Denpasar, Bali
Authors: Divanda Dinda , Fazhitya Elvina nuzu , Fani agustin Nuril eka , Rizkyan syah Mochamad andika , Shodiq Mohammad
Published: January 2025

Bali dikenal dengan keindahan alam dan kaya akan budaya. Kearifan lokal berupa tradisi sebagai bagian dari toleransi sosial dengan mencakup sikap saling menghormati dan menerima perbedaan yang ada dalam masyarakat termasuk perbedaan budaya dan tradisi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk meningkatkan kesadaran pentingnya toleransi sosial di perkotaan khususnya pada penduduk minoritas beragama Islam. Jurnal artikel ini menggunakan penelitian kepustakaan adalah jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan metode library research / literatur review. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat minoritas Islam di Denpasar, Bali bisa hidup berdampingan dan mampu melakukan adaptasi dengan agama mayoritas Hindu dengan melakukan beberapa akulturasi budaya dan tradisi lokal. Meskipun menghadapi beberapa tantangan sebagai agama minoritas, masyarakat muslim bisa menjaga identitas keagamaannya. Tradisi Ngejot dan Magibung menjadi cerminan toleransi dan harmonisasi antar umat beragama.
Transformasi Fungsi Platform WhatsApp Sebagai Media Dakwah Di Era 5.0
Authors: Divanda Dinda
Published: January 2025

Tujuan mendeskripsikan transformasi fungsi platform WhatsApp sebagai media dakwah di era 5.0. Sehingga memberikan pemahaman yang mendalam tentang bagaimana WhatsApp telah beradaptasi dan berfungsi untuk penyebaran pesan dakwah, metode wawancara mendalam dengan pengguna WhatsApp. Observasi Partisipasi dengan mengamati interaksi dalam grup WhatsApp yang digunakan untuk berdakwah. Analisis konten dengan menganalisis pesan, gambar, dan video yang dipublikasikan di WhatsApp untuk mengidentifikasi strategi komunikasi yang digunakan. Dokumentasi dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan dan menganalisis materi terkait penggunaan WhatsApp sebagai media dakwah. Hasil menunjukkan Teori Parsons, WhatsApp berfungsi sebagai alat untuk memperkuat integrasi sosial di kalangan komunitas Muslim. Pesan dakwah yang disebarkan melalui WhatsApp tidak hanya mengedukasi tetapi juga membangun solidaritas antar anggota komunitas. Dengan adanya fitur baru ini, proses dakwah menjadi lebih efisien dan cepat. Informasi dapat disebarkan secara luas dalam waktu singkat, yang menciptakan perubahan dalam cara masyarakat menerimanya, kita dapat melihat perubahan dalam cara orang berinteraksi dan menyebarkan informasi keagamaan, yang pada gilirannya dapat mempengaruhi norma dan nilai dalam masyarakat. Sejalan dengan pandangan Durkheim bahwa perubahan dalam cara individu berinteraksi dapat mengubah struktur sosial secara keseluruhan. Kesimpulan penelitian yaitu pendekatan dakwah yang dilakukan mengalami perkembangan. WhatsApp bukan hanya sekedar aplikasi pesan tetapi juga menjadi media penting dalam menyebarkan dakwah di era digital yang semakin maju. WhatsApp telah beradaptasi untuk memenuhi kebutuhan komunikasi dakwah. Penyampaian dakwah melalui fitur WhatsApp Channel dinilai efektif karena memberikan kemudahan bagi individu untuk menerima pesan-pesan agama sesuai dengan kenyamanan mereka. Dapat menjangkau berbagai kalangan, termasuk generasi Z yang lebih aktif di platform digital. Hal ini menciptakan peluang untuk menyampaikan pesan-pesan positif dan ajakan kepada kebaikan secara lebih efektif.
Educational Program for Patients with Cerebrovascular Stroke: Self-Efficacy and Quality of Life
Authors: Abdelmawla Samia , Nasr Manal , Mohamed Yosreah , Mahmoud Asmaa
Published: January 2025

Context: Stroke is a main cause of disability and death worldwide. Stroke can have devastating consequences for the individual and their families. The effects can be both physical, social, and psychological. One-third of people are left with long-term disabilities, which can, in turn, have effects on the quality of life and self-efficacy.
Aim: To assess the patient's knowledge, self-efficacy, and quality of life regarding ischemic cerebrovascular stroke. Moreover, develop, implement, and evaluate the effect of an educational program on self-efficacy and quality of life of patients with ischemic cerebrovascular stroke.
Methods: A quasi-experimental (one group pre/post-test) design was utilized in the current study. This study was conducted in the Intensive Neurological Care Units (Intermediate Care) and Stroke Outpatient Clinics at El Demerdash Hospital, affiliated to Ain Shams University Hospitals, on a purposive sample of 46 patients with ischemic cerebrovascular stroke from both genders, excluding patients with comorbid conditions. Tools of the data collection include a structured interview questionnaire to assess the study sample's sociodemographic characteristics, medical data, and knowledge regarding cerebrovascular stroke; the new general self-efficacy scale to assess the patients' self-efficacy; and the 12-item Stroke-Specific Quality of Life Scale (SSQOL) to assess the quality of life of patients with ischemic stroke.
Results: 67.4% and 56.5% of the studied patients had a satisfactory level of knowledge regarding cerebrovascular stroke immediately after educational program implementation and at the follow-up phase, respectively, with a statistically significant difference between pre-, post, and follow-up at p=0.000; it was improved compared to pre educational program implementation. Furthermore, 67.4% of the studied patients had high self-efficacy at follow-up compared with 28.3% immediately post-educational intervention and 21.7% preintervention, with a statistically significant difference between the three study phases (p=0.000). Moreover, 54.3% of the studied patients had a good quality of life after three months of educational program implementation compared to 15.2% after one month (p=0.000); there was a positive correlation between patients' total knowledge and their self-efficacy and quality of life.
Conclusion: The educational program implementation had a statistically significant positive effect on the studied patients' knowledge and consequently affected the self-efficacy and quality of life of the patients with ischemic stroke, supporting the stated research hypothesis. The study suggests that the current educational program be applied to patients and their caregivers about warning signs of stroke, risk factors of stroke, and how to cope with disabilities that a stroke can cause to improve their self-efficacy and quality of life.
Relation between Hydration Status and Cognitive Function among Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Othman Asmaa , Mohammad Sahar , Abubakr Eman
Published: January 2025

Context: Proper hydration is important for optimal cognitive functioning as it plays an important role in neural conductivity. Failure to consume sufficient water leads to the deterioration of cognitive and neurologic functions, and dehydration is a risk factor for delirium.
Aim: This study assessed the relation between hydration status and cognitive function among critically ill patients.
Methods: The study used a descriptive correlational research design and was conducted in medical intensive care units I and II at Ain Shams University Hospitals. A purposive sample of 86 critically ill patients was selected. Four tools were used: A patient's hydration status physical assessment, a mini-mental state examination, a motor activity assessment scale, and an intensive care delirium screening checklist.
Results: Clarified that 46.5% of the studied patients had Euhydration, 30.2% had dehydration, and 23.3% had overhydration on the day of admission. Regarding cognitive functions, 29.1% of the studied patients had no cognitive impairment, 34.9% had mild cognitive impairment, 36% had severe cognitive impairment, and 53.5% had delirium on the day of admission. A statistically significant negative correlation between the total score of hydration and the total score of cognitive function throughout the four assessments was revealed in this study.
Conclusion: The current study concluded a statistically significant negative correlation between hydration status and cognitive function among critically ill patients. Integrating simple assessment tools, including the intensive care delirium screening checklist, into the routine assessment formats or the assessment flow sheet of critically ill patients, is recommended. Conducting training programs for the critical care nurses regarding caring for critically ill patients who experience hydration and cognitive problems to keep them up-to-date experience, knowledge, and evidence-based practice related to caring for such a group of patients.
Factors Influencing the Quality of Managing Severe Malaria among Children under Five Years at Selected County Hospitals in Kisumu, Kenya
Authors: Maoga Rose , Chebor Alex , Bonface Nyumbile
Published: January 2025

Context: Severe Malaria in children under the age of five is a major public health issue in Kisumu County, a malaria-endemic area in Kenya. Moreover, most severe Malaria cases in Kisumu West Subcounty are managed at Kombewa and Chulaimbo County hospitals. However, the influence of patient-related, caregiver-related, healthcare provider (HCP), and institutional-related factors on the management of severe Malaria in the area is not known.
Aim: The present study aimed to determine the factors influencing the quality of managing severe Malaria among children under five years at selected County hospitals in Kisumu, Kenya, namely Chulaimbo County Hospital and Kombewa County Hospital. 
Methods: A mixed-methods prospective cross-sectional study was conducted between April and July 2023. Qualitative data was collected from eight key informants (hospital administrators and ward in charge), while quantitative data was collected from 344 caregivers of children under five years of age who were managed for severe Malaria and 78 healthcare providers (nurses, clinical officers, and doctors) using survey questionnaires. An observational checklist was also used to collect quantitative data. Thematic analysis was used to analyze qualitative data, while descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used to analyze quantitative data. p<0.05 was considered significant.
Conclusion: These findings suggest that the optimal management of severe Malaria in children under the age of five in the study area is influenced by the gender of the patient, characteristics of the caregivers, on-job training of healthcare providers, and the availability of antimalarial medication. Moreover, these findings suggest that while healthcare providers are knowledgeable and committed to quality malaria management, systemic challenges such as resource limitations, caregiver education gaps, and treatment non-adherence impact their ability to deliver optimal care. Addressing these issues through resource allocation, continuous provider training, and community health education could strengthen severe malaria management in Kisumu County.
Artificial Intelligence based LQR and PID Controller Design of 3 Degree of Freedom System
Authors: Çopur Engin Hasan , Bilgiç Hasan Hüseyin , Ünler Tarık
Published: January 2025

In this study, the position control of a 3 DoF underactuated system is carried out. The developed approach is tested on a double pendulum overhead crane. Considering the nonlinear dynamics of the system, its mathematical model is first obtained by Euler-Lagrange model. Then, since PID and LQR controllers are used in the simulations, the nonlinear model is linearized around the equilibrium point of the system. Using the linear model, the parameters of LQR and PID controllers are tuned by Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm. In the optimization process, the Integral Time Absolute Error function is chosen from traditional fitness functions to minimize the error in each single-degree-of-freedom joint of the system. Additionally, to ensure the precise movement of the car, the objective function is improved in a way to include unit step response characteristics. The control performance is evaluated in the simulations. The results are presented in tables and graphs. The proposed approach can be used to control multi-degree of freedom underactuated systems.
Filtering Airborne LIDAR Data Using Simple Triangulation Irregular Network
Authors: Uray Fırat , Varlık Abdullah
Published: January 2025

In recent years, airborne and terrestrial laser scanning systems have become increasingly popular for obtaining geospatial information. High-quality 3D point clouds are used for a wide range of applications, with digital terrain models (DTMs) representing one of these products. Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data is widely used in producing digital elevation models (DEM), which are fundamental elements of planning applications. Removing non-ground objects from LiDAR point clouds is the main problem of the DTM production workflow. Triangulated irregular network (TIN) densification is a classical technique among LiDAR filtering algorithms. In this study, a simple filtering algorithm entitled simple TIN densification (sTIN) is proposed, which is derived from classic TIN densification. The performance of sTIN is tested with three filters, namely, the adaptive triangulated irregular network, the simple morphological filter and the improved progressive TIN densification. The proposed algorithm has an average type I error rate of 5.6%, an average type II error rate of 10.42% and an average total error rate of 8.2%. In addition, the strengths and weaknesses of the algorithms are examined with regards to the root-mean-square error (RMSE) values and visual analyses of DTMs.
Çiğ Süt Dağıtımında Zeki Algoritmaların Kullanılması
Authors: Çankaya Nihat
Published: January 2025

Bu çalışmada, günlük 30 farklı noktaya çiğ süt dağıtımı yapan bir kamyonet için, en kısa rotanın tespit edilmesi amacıyla genetik algoritma (GA) ve karınca kolonisi optimizasyonu algoritması (KKOA) kullanılmıştır. İki algoritmadan elde edilen veriler karşılaştırılmıştır. Firmanın kullandığı güzergahın 78.856 m iken, kullanılan her iki algoritma en kısa güzergahı 61.062 m olarak bulmuştur. KKOA kullanılarak bulunan rotaların ortalama uzunluğu 66.159 m iken GA her denemede 61.062 m uzunluğundaki en kısa rotayı bulmuştur. Önerilen rotanın kullanılması ile kat edilen mesafe %22,6 azalmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda, çiğ süt toplama ve dağıtımı rotalarının belirlenmesinde GA ve KKOA kullanılabileceği görülmüştür. GA ile bulunan rotaların uzunluklarının ortalaması, KKOA kullanılarak bulunanlara göre %7,7 daha kısadır. Süt maliyeti içerisindeki çiğ süt taşıma maliyeti %15-20 gibi yüksek bir paya sahiptir. Uygulamanın ülke genelinde yaygınlaştırılması taşıma maliyetlerini azaltarak süt maliyetinin düşülmesine katkı sağlayacaktır. Çalışma çiğ süt dağıtım süreci için yapılmıştır. Ancak süt toplama süreci de aynı karakteristik özelliklere sahiptir. Geliştirilen algoritmaların hem süt dağıtımı hem de süt toplama süreçlerinde kullanılarak yaygınlaştırılması halinde sektörel operasyon maliyetleri azalacaktır. Azalan taşıma mesafesi ve taşıma zamanı sayesinde, bozulan süt miktarı azalacaktır, aynı araçla daha fazla süt toplama ve süt dağıtma imkânı oluşacaktır. Çiğ süt taşınmasında kullanılan araç sayısı, bakım ve akaryakıt giderleri, personel sayısı gibi maliyetler azalacaktır.
Analyzing a Mathematical Model of the COVID-19 Pandemic with the Impact Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Transmissions
Authors: Ak Gümüş Özlem
Published: January 2025

This study addresses the stability and flip bifurcation of a discrete-time SIR model expressing the COVID-19 pandemic. The model considers the effect of the vaccine, asymptomatic individuals, as well as symptomatic individuals in the transmission of the disease. Equilibrium solutions are obtained under certain parametric conditions. Then, the local stabilities of these equilibrium solutions are investigated. The existence of bifurcation is determined for the positive interior equilibrium solution.
Pioneering Efforts: Cardiac Device Implantation Trends and Variable Patient Outcomes – A Community Benefit Tool
Authors: Kubra Ghulam , Nadeem Deebaj , Sikandari Faiza , Qayoom Reema , Ansari Muhammad Sarim , Irfan Ghazala
Published: January 2025

Objectives: To analyze trends in cardiac device implantation and interventions, along with patient outcomes, at the National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD), Karachi, Pakistan.
Methodology: This retrospective study was conducted from January 2017 to December 2020 at NICVD, Karachi. Patients presenting to outpatient or emergency departments with diagnoses of bradycardia (sinus node dysfunction or atrioventricular blocks), heart failure, survival of sudden cardiac death (SCD), or cardiomyopathy, and meeting the American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association criteria for device-based therapies, were included. Data on demographic characteristics, comorbid conditions, device types, indications, and post-procedural outcomes, including complications and mortality, were collected and analyzed.
Results: A total of 5,166 cases were analyzed over the four-year study period, with 2,991 (57.9%) males and a mean age of 58.2 ± 22.4 years. Hypertension was the most prevalent comorbidity, affecting 1,872 (36.2%) patients. Dual-chamber, rate-modulated pacemakers (DDDR) were the most frequently implanted devices, accounting for 1,943 (37.6%) cases, while single-chamber implantable cardiac defibrillators (ICDs) were predominantly used for secondary prevention in ischemic heart disease. Complete heart block was the most common indication, observed in 1,794 (34.7%) patients. Post-procedural complications were infrequent, with hematoma and wound infections being the most common. Mortality was reported in 23 (0.4%) patients.
Conclusion: Dual-chamber, rate-modulated pacemakers (DDDR) emerged as the most frequently implanted pacemakers, while single-chamber ICDs were the preferred defibrillators for secondary prevention. Complete heart block was the leading indication for device implantation. Post-procedural complications, including hematoma and wound infection, were rare, and overall mortality associated with cardiac device implantation was remarkably low.
The Evolving Landscape of Medical Editing in Healthcare
Authors: Hashmi Kashif
Published: January 2025

Medicine is a dynamic field requiring healthcare professionals to stay updated with advancements and research. Medical editing plays a vital role in ensuring the credibility, accuracy, and transparency of scientific publications. Editors perform three key tasks: micro-editing (grammar and format), macro-editing (content impact and novelty), and proofreading.
The integration of AI has transformed medical editing, offering tools for grammar correction, plagiarism detection, and data handling. Adhering to established guidelines, such as SIMRAD, and maintaining high ethical standards are critical. However, challenges persist, including a lack of quality research and inadequate skills among supervisors in postgraduate programs.
To address these gaps, institutions must mandate training programs, enforce plagiarism checks, and promote ethical practices. Certification for supervisors and active involvement in medical editing by senior professionals are essential for advancing research quality and publication standards in Pakistan.
The Legal Nature of the Enforceability of Legal Action (Comparative Study)
Authors: Marouf Hussein Abdel Qader , Adnan Ali Karim Fayez
Published: January 2025

Objectives: The objective is to analyze how the legal nature of an act determines its position in relation to other legal acts and situations. It aims to clarify how the legal nature of a legal act or fact influences the enforcement and the effects that arise from this nature.
 
Methods: The methods involve examining various cases related to the act, particularly focusing on its enforcement and the resulting effects of the right that arises from the act. These cases help in identifying and understanding the implications of the legal nature.
 
Results: The results highlight that the legal nature determines both the internal and external effects of an act, establishing its position within the legal system. The effects of the right arising from the act are shaped by its nature, and the enforcement process is guided by addressing these effects.
 
Conclusion: The conclusion emphasizes that the legal nature of an act is crucial in determining its effects, both in relation to enforcement and the rights that arise from it. Furthermore, the enforcement process is independent and continues as long as the legal situation persists, not ending until the act or its associated right concludes.
Influence of Anchor Spacing on MSE Wall Stability
Authors: Karminto  , Soegiarso Roesdiman , Hamdhan Indra Noer
Published: January 2025

Aims: This study investigates the impact of anchor spacing on the stability of Mechanically Stabilized Earth (MSE) walls using a novel configuration of crossbar necklaces and startails. The aim is to determine the optimal spacing for anchors to enhance stability while adhering to the SNI 8460-2017 geotechnical standards.
 
Method: The methodology integrates field tensile testing, laboratory experiments, and numerical modeling via PLAXIS 3D software to validate findings. Tests were conducted on anchors with center-to-center (ctc) spacings of 30 cm, 50 cm, and 70 cm, evaluating parameters such as tensile strength, deformation, and safety factors.
 
Results: The findings reveal that anchors with ctc spacings of 30 cm and 50 cm meet the design criteria, achieving deformation values of 44.71 mm and 20.10 mm, respectively, below the maximum permissible 70 mm. Additionally, safety factors for these spacings exceed the required threshold of 1.5. Conversely, anchors with a ctc spacing of 70 cm, while demonstrating acceptable deformation (20.22 mm), fail to meet safety requirements due to a factor of 1.481. Field tests corroborated the numerical results, showing tensile capacities of 86.9 kN and 35.2 kN for anchors with ctc spacings of 30 cm and 50 cm, respectively. The results emphasize the significance of optimal anchor spacing in maintaining MSE wall stability, particularly under challenging conditions like high rainfall and limited right-of-way. The study’s implications extend to improved design guidelines for geotechnical projects, contributing to the development of safer, more efficient retaining wall systems. This research offers practical insights for engineers and practitioners in the field of civil infrastructure development.
Museum Virtual Humans: The Intersection of Culture and the Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: KaiXing Wang , Ki-Hong Kim , Yin Lyu
Published: January 2025

Objective: This study aims to thoroughly explore the relationship between virtual humans in museums and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), focusing on how virtual humans contribute to achieving SDGs in terms of cultural education, resource optimization, and social inclusion.
 
Method: This study uses multiple research methods to explore how virtual human technology in museums advances Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). A literature review summarizes research on virtual human technology and museum digitalization. A multiple-case study analyzes projects like the Shanghai Museum’s virtual guide "Xiao Ke," the Bay Area Museum’s "Ling Meixiang," and the National Museum of China’s "Ai Wenwen." These cases are chosen based on their integration with exhibitions, unique IP character design, and contributions to SDGs. Qualitative content analysis evaluates their roles in cultural dissemination and resource optimization, highlighting the connections between virtual human technology and SDGs. This provides theoretical insights and practical guidance for museums' digital transformation and sustainable development.
 
Results and Discussion: Virtual humans in museums significantly contribute to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by enhancing education, sustainability, and inclusivity. For SDG 4, they provide multilingual, immersive learning experiences that transcend geographical barriers, benefiting underserved regions through virtual museum tours and online education. Regarding SDG 12, virtual exhibits reduce physical resource consumption, enabling cost-effective cultural services even for smaller museums with limited budgets. In support of SDG 16, virtual humans recreate diverse historical narratives, fostering cultural understanding and inclusivity while amplifying the voices of marginalized groups. These technologies showcase the transformative potential of digital tools in cultural preservation and education. As advancements in artificial intelligence, virtual reality, and augmented reality continue, virtual humans are expected to further enhance audience engagement, cultural dissemination, and sustainable societal development.
 
Originality/Value: This study aims to reveal, through an analysis of typical virtual human projects, how virtual humans contribute to quality education, responsible consumption, and production, and enhanced social inclusion, thereby providing a sustainable development path for the integration of cultural dissemination and digital technology. Furthermore, the paper will propose corresponding strategies and recommendations regarding the application status and future development of virtual human technology in museums, with the hope of providing valuable references for the digital transformation and sustainable development of museums..
How do Dimensions and Determinants Influence Economic Literacy? A Systematic Exploration and Future Research Agenda
Authors:   Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, Baskara Agus , Ahman Eeng ,   Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, . Kusnendi ,   Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, Dahlan Dadang ,   Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung
Published: January 2025

This study aims to explore economic literacy using a systematic literature review (SLR) approach to identify trends, theories, determinants, and future research agendas. Economic literacy is a critical competency in addressing global challenges such as economic instability, socio-economic inequality, and digitalization. This review reveals that economic literacy is influenced by various socio-demographic factors, including age, gender, education level, income, and access to technology. Additionally, family background, financial socialization, financial behavior, and risk-taking play significant roles in shaping individuals' economic literacy. The findings indicate that theory-based approaches, including Human Capital Theory, Sociocultural Model of Education, and Behavioral Economics, provide comprehensive insights into the development of economic literacy. This study also highlights gaps in existing literature, particularly in cross-country, interdisciplinary, and digitalization integration contexts. This research offers strategic recommendations for developing more inclusive and relevant educational policies and economic literacy programs, emphasizing data-driven approaches, technology utilization, and strengthening social and cultural contexts. These findings make a significant contribution to building a more resilient and adaptive society in the face of global economic dynamics
RETRACTION Wati, I. D. P., Kusnanik, N. W., Wahjuni, E. S.., Samodra, Y. T. J.., Mardiyyaningsih, A. N., Suryadi, D., Amahoru, N. M., Seli , S., Candra, A. R. D., & Siringo-ringo, T. G. (2024). El IMC, el porcentaje de grasa y el colesterol total de los deportistas: ¿cuál es su situación? (The BMI, fat percentage and total cholesterol of athletes: what is their status?). Retos, 51, 712–718. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v51.100275
Authors: RETOS RETOS
Published: January 2025

Wati, I. D. P., Kusnanik, N. W., Wahjuni, E. S.., Samodra, Y. T. J.., Mardiyyaningsih, A. N., Suryadi, D., Amahoru, N. M., Seli , S., Candra, A. R. D., & Siringo-ringo, T. G. (2024). El IMC, el porcentaje de grasa y el colesterol total de los deportistas: ¿cuál es su situación? (The BMI, fat percentage and total cholesterol of athletes: what is their status?). Retos, 51, 712–718. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v51.100275
Retraction of the article by the editor of the journal. There has been several clear and conclusive proofs that there has been a manipulation of the authorship of the article. The accepted Word document was sent with the names of the authors that appeared in the “Corrections for the edition” message so that they could only make the orthographical corrections that were necessary. The corresponding author (or whoever hurt him) changed the authors of the aforementioned Word document that was sent to them, returning a document together with these corrections made with new authors, all without any express notification, without any document explaining the changes made accepted by all the authors and, of course, without express authorization from the journal Retos between both moments. With this fraudulent document the galleys were made and the article was definitively published, assigning it the corresponding DOI.
Autores en el Word del artículo enviado a revisión: 6
Autores en el PDF publicado con los autores modificados: 10
Diferencia de los autores entre ambos momentos: +4 (Nurul Musfira Amahoru, Sesilia Seli, Adiska Rani Ditya Candra, Tulus Gover Siringo-ringo)
RETRACTION Setiawan, Y., Okilanda, A., Bewelli Fahmi, Y., Faridah, E., Nusri, A., Hasan, B., Suryansah, S., Anggara Suganda, M., Suryadi, D., Hasibuan, N., Ahmed, M., & Hussain, I. (2024). Análisis de las capacidades básicas de movimiento: Estudio por sondeo en niños (Analysis of Basic Movement Abilities: Survey study in children). Retos, 54, 728–735. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v54.102539
Authors: RETOS RETOS
Published: January 2025

Setiawan, Y., Okilanda, A., Bewelli Fahmi, Y., Faridah, E., Nusri, A., Hasan, B., Suryansah, S., Anggara Suganda, M., Suryadi, D., Hasibuan, N., Ahmed, M., & Hussain, I. (2024). Análisis de las capacidades básicas de movimiento: Estudio por sondeo en niños (Analysis of Basic Movement Abilities: Survey study in children). Retos, 54, 728–735. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v54.102539
Retraction of the article by the editor of the journal. There has been several clear and conclusive proofs that there has been a manipulation of the authorship of the article. The accepted Word document was sent with the names of the authors that appeared in the “Corrections for the edition” message so that they could only make the orthographical corrections that were necessary. The corresponding author (or whoever hurt him) changed the authors of the aforementioned Word document that was sent to them, returning a document together with these corrections made with new authors, all without any express notification, without any document explaining the changes made accepted by all the authors and, of course, without express authorization from the journal Retos between both moments. With this fraudulent document the galleys were made and the article was definitively published, assigning it the corresponding DOI.
Autores en el Word del artículo enviado a revisión: 8
Autores en el PDF publicado con los autores modificados: 12
Diferencia de los autores entre ambos momentos: +5 y -1 (Añadidos: Ardi Nusri, Suryansyah Nurman, Hasibuan, Mottakin Ahmed, Ikram Hussain. Eliminasdo: Lazuardi Akbar)
RETRACTION Suryadi, D., Okilanda, A.., Nofrizal, D.., Anggara Suganda, M.., Tulyakul, S.., Ahmed, M.., Hussain, I.., Nasrulloh , A.., Juni Samodra , Y. T.., Puspita Wati, I. D.., & Herdiyana Bastian, R.. (2024). ¿Cómo funciona el aprendizaje cooperativo con los alumnos? Revisión bibliográfica sobre educa-ción física (How does cooperative learning work with students? Literature review in physical education). Retos, 55, 527–535. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v55.105256
Authors: RETOS RETOS
Published: January 2025

Suryadi, D., Okilanda, A.., Nofrizal, D.., Anggara Suganda, M.., Tulyakul, S.., Ahmed, M.., Hussain, I.., Nasrulloh , A.., Juni Samodra , Y. T.., Puspita Wati, I. D.., & Herdiyana Bastian, R.. (2024). ¿Cómo funciona el aprendizaje cooperativo con los alumnos? Revisión bibliográfica sobre educa-ción física (How does cooperative learning work with students? Literature review in physical education). Retos, 55, 527–535. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v55.105256
Retraction of the article by the editor of the journal. There has been several clear and conclusive proofs that there has been a manipulation of the authorship of the article. The accepted Word document was sent with the names of the authors that appeared in the “Corrections for the edition” message so that they could only make the orthographical corrections that were necessary. The corresponding author (or whoever hurt him) changed the authors of the aforementioned Word document that was sent to them, returning a document together with these corrections made with new authors, all without any express notification, without any document explaining the changes made accepted by all the authors and, of course, without express authorization from the journal Retos between both moments. With this fraudulent document the galleys were made and the article was definitively published, assigning it the corresponding DOI.
Autores en el Word del artículo enviado a revisión: 11
Autores en el PDF publicado con los autores modificados: 11
Diferencia de los autores entre ambos momentos: +1 y -1 (Añadido: Dedi Nofrizal. Eliminado: Eva Faridah)
RETRACTION Martono, M., Suherman, W. S., Nugroho, S., Setyawan, H., Sulistiyono, S., Pambudi, D. K., Puri, L. W., Septiantoko, R., Hermawan, Y., García-Jiménez, J. V., Pavlovic, R., Eken, Özgür, Pranoto, N. W., Darmawan, A., Shidiq, A. A. P., & Rahmatullah, M. I. (2024). ELogro de resultados en el aprendizaje de la educación física en función del género y la motivación para el aprendizaje en estudiantes de secundaria de la región de Yogyakarta, Indonesia (Achievement of Physical Education Learning Results Based on Gender Review and Learning Motivation on High School Students in the Yogyakarta Region, Indonesia). Retos, 55, 1045–1052. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v55.106831
Authors: RETOS RETOS
Published: January 2025

Martono, M., Suherman, W. S., Nugroho, S., Setyawan, H., Sulistiyono, S., Pambudi, D. K., Puri, L. W., Septiantoko, R., Hermawan, Y., García-Jiménez, J. V., Pavlovic, R., Eken, Özgür, Pranoto, N. W., Darmawan, A., Shidiq, A. A. P., & Rahmatullah, M. I. (2024). ELogro de resultados en el aprendizaje de la educación física en función del género y la motivación para el aprendizaje en estudiantes de secundaria de la región de Yogyakarta, Indonesia (Achievement of Physical Education Learning Results Based on Gender Review and Learning Motivation on High School Students in the Yogyakarta Region, Indonesia). Retos, 55, 1045–1052. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v55.106831
Retraction of the article by the editor of the journal. There has been several clear and conclusive proofs that there has been a manipulation of the authorship of the article. The accepted Word document was sent with the names of the authors that appeared in the “Corrections for the edition” message so that they could only make the orthographical corrections that were necessary. The corresponding author (or whoever hurt him) changed the authors of the aforementioned Word document that was sent to them, returning a document together with these corrections made with new authors, all without any express notification, without any document explaining the changes made accepted by all the authors and, of course, without express authorization from the journal Retos between both moments. With this fraudulent document the galleys were made and the article was definitively published, assigning it the corresponding DOI.
Authors in the Word document of the article submitted for review: 12
Authors in the published PDF with modified authors: 16
Differences between the authors between both moments: +9 y -5 (Additions: Wawan Sundawan Suherman, Sigit Nugroho, Sulistiyono, Duwi Kurnianto Pambudi, Lintang Waskita Puri, Riko Septiantoko, Yudan Hermawan, Ratko Pavlovic, Nuridin Widya Pranoto. Eliminated: Francesca Latino, Nugroho Susanto, Tiok Wijanarko, Francesco Tafuri, Khoiril Anam)
RETRACTION Dewantara, J., Yuniana, R., Graha, A. S., Sastaman B, P., Kushartanti, B. W., Nasrulloh, A., Septianto, I., Suryadi, D., Ardian, R., Widodo, A., Ridwan, A., & Haidar, M. D. (2024). ¿Cuál es la eficacia de la combinación de masoterapia y terapia de calor en la amplitud de movimiento articular? Estudio experimental en pacientes con dolor de hombre (What is the effectiveness of the combination of massage therapy and heat therapy on joint range of motion? Experimental study in patients with shoulder pain). Retos, 57, 147–152. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v57.104224
Authors: RETOS RETOS
Published: January 2025

Dewantara, J., Yuniana, R., Graha, A. S., Sastaman B, P., Kushartanti, B. W., Nasrulloh, A., Septianto, I., Suryadi, D., Ardian, R., Widodo, A., Ridwan, A., & Haidar, M. D. (2024). ¿Cuál es la eficacia de la combinación de masoterapia y terapia de calor en la amplitud de movimiento articular? Estudio experimental en pacientes con dolor de hombre (What is the effectiveness of the combination of massage therapy and heat therapy on joint range of motion? Experimental study in patients with shoulder pain). Retos, 57, 147–152. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v57.104224
Retraction of the article by the editor of the journal. There has been several clear and conclusive proofs that there has been a manipulation of the authorship of the article. The accepted Word document was sent with the names of the authors that appeared in the “Corrections for the edition” message so that they could only make the orthographical corrections that were necessary. The corresponding author (or whoever hurt him) changed the authors of the aforementioned Word document that was sent to them, returning a document together with these corrections made with new authors, all without any express notification, without any document explaining the changes made accepted by all the authors and, of course, without express authorization from the journal Retos between both moments. With this fraudulent document the galleys were made and the article was definitively published, assigning it the corresponding DOI.
Autores en el Word del artículo enviado a revisión: 10
Autores en el PDF publicado con los autores modificados: 12
Diferencia de los autores entre ambos momentos: +2 (Putra Sastaman B, Muhammad Daffa Haidar)
RETRACTION Pratama, K. W., Fachrezzy, F.., Budiningsih, M.., Ali, M.., Maslikah, U., Alim, A., Pranata, D.., Saman, A., Arianto, O., Sutapa, P., Hardianto, D., Kristiyanto, A.., Ali, S. K. S.., & Kauki, M. K. (2024). Relación entre la capacidad vital pulmonar, el estado nutricional, la actividad y la motivación para hacer ejercicio en la aptitud física de los estudiantes de Yakarta (Relationship between lung vital capacity, nutritional status activity and motivation to exercise on physical fitness among students in Jakarta). Retos, 57, 873–880. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v57.103517
Authors: RETOS RETOS
Published: January 2025

Pratama, K. W., Fachrezzy, F.., Budiningsih, M.., Ali, M.., Maslikah, U., Alim, A., Pranata, D.., Saman, A., Arianto, O., Sutapa, P., Hardianto, D., Kristiyanto, A.., Ali, S. K. S.., & Kauki, M. K. (2024). Relación entre la capacidad vital pulmonar, el estado nutricional, la actividad y la motivación para hacer ejercicio en la aptitud física de los estudiantes de Yakarta (Relationship between lung vital capacity, nutritional status activity and motivation to exercise on physical fitness among students in Jakarta). Retos, 57, 873–880. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v57.103517
Retraction of the article by the editor of the journal. There has been several clear and conclusive proofs that there has been a manipulation of the authorship of the article. The accepted Word document was sent with the names of the authors that appeared in the “Corrections for the edition” message so that they could only make the orthographical corrections that were necessary. The corresponding author (or whoever hurt him) changed the authors of the aforementioned Word document that was sent to them, returning a document together with these corrections made with new authors, all without any express notification, without any document explaining the changes made accepted by all the authors and, of course, without express authorization from the journal Retos between both moments. With this fraudulent document the galleys were made and the article was definitively published, assigning it the corresponding DOI.
Authors in the Word document of the article submitted for review: 10
Authors in the published PDF with modified authors: 14
Differences between the authors between both moments: +4 (Doni Pranata, Abdul Saman, Oktavian Arianto, Deni Hardianto)
RETRACTION Ihsan, fadli, Kozina, Z.., Sukendro, S., Nasrulloh, A.., Arzhan Hidayat, R.., & Perdana, satya. (2024). Estrategias nutricionales para una recuperación rápida en el deporte: una revisión de la literatura (Nutritional Strategies for Rapid Recovery in Sport: A Literature Review). Retos, 57, 153–164. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v57.105622
Authors: RETOS RETOS
Published: January 2025

Ihsan, fadli, Kozina, Z.., Sukendro, S., Nasrulloh, A.., Arzhan Hidayat, R.., & Perdana, satya. (2024). Estrategias nutricionales para una recuperación rápida en el deporte: una revisión de la literatura (Nutritional Strategies for Rapid Recovery in Sport: A Literature Review). Retos, 57, 153–164. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v57.105622
Retraction of the article by the editor of the journal. There has been several clear and conclusive proofs that there has been a manipulation of the authorship of the article. The accepted Word document was sent with the names of the authors that appeared in the “Corrections for the edition” message so that they could only make the orthographical corrections that were necessary. The corresponding author (or whoever hurt him) changed the authors of the aforementioned Word document that was sent to them, returning a document together with these corrections made with new authors, all without any express notification, without any document explaining the changes made accepted by all the authors and, of course, without express authorization from the journal Retos between both moments. With this fraudulent document the galleys were made and the article was definitively published, assigning it the corresponding DOI.
Authors in the Word document of the article submitted for review: 4
Authors in the published PDF with modified authors: 5
Differences between the authors between both moments: +1 (Sukendro)