bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Review of the Long-term Effects of Autologous Bone-Marrow Mononuclear Cell Implantation on Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Critical Limb Ischemia
Authors: Yusoff Farina Mohamad , Kajikawa Masato , Matsui Shogo , Hashimoto Haruki , Kishimoto Shinji , Maruhashi Tatsuya , Chowdhury Moniruddin , Noma Kensuke , Nakashima Ayumu , Kihara Yasuki , Sueda Taijiro , Higashi Yukihito
Published: May 2019

Critical limb ischemia (CLI) is associated with a high risk of limb amputation. It has been shown that cell therapy is safe and has beneficial effects on ischemic clinical symptoms in patients with CLI. The aim of this study was to further investigate the outcomes of intramuscular injection of autologous bone-marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNCs) in a long-term follow-up period in atherosclerotic peripheral arterial disease (PAD) patients who have no optional therapy. This study was a retrospective and observational study that was carried out to evaluate long-term clinical outcomes in 42 lower limbs of 30 patients with atherosclerotic PAD who underwent BM-MNC implantation. The median follow-up period was 9.25 (range, 6–16) years. The overall amputation-free rates were 73.0% at 5 years after BM-MNC implantation and 70.4% at 10 years in patients with atherosclerotic PAD. The overall amputation-free rates at 5 years and at 10 years after implantation of BM-MNCs were significantly higher in atherosclerotic PAD patients than in internal controls and historical controls. There were no significant differences in amputation rates between the internal control group and historical control group. The rate of overall survival was not significantly different between the BM-MNC implantation group and the historical control group. Implantation of autologous BM-MNCs is feasible for a long-term follow-up period in patients with CLI who have no optional therapy.
Quantifying the social symptoms of autism using motion capture
Authors: Budman Ian , Meiri Gal , Ilan Michal , Faroy Michal , Langer Allison , Reboh Doron , Michaelovski Analya , Flusser Hagit , Menashe Idan , Donchin Opher , Dinstein Ilan
Published: May 2019

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a remarkably heterogeneous condition where individuals exhibit a variety of symptoms at different levels of severity. Quantifying the severity of specific symptoms is difficult, because it either requires long assessments or observations of the ASD individual, or reliance on care-giver questionnaires, which can be subjective. Here we present a new technique for objectively quantifying the severity of several core social ASD symptoms using a motion capture system installed in a clinical exam room. We present several measures of child-clinician interaction, which include the distance between them, the proportion of time that the child approached or avoided the clinician, and the direction that the child faced in relation to the clinician. Together, these measures explained ~30% of the variance in ADOS scores, when using only ~5 minute segments of “free play” from the recorded ADOS assessments. These results demonstrate the utility of motion capture for aiding researchers and clinicians in the assessment of ASD social symptoms. Further development of this technology and appropriate motion capture measures for use in kindergartens and at home is likely to yield valuable information that will aid in quantifying the initial severity of core ASD symptoms and their change over time.
The cytoskeletal crosslinking protein MACF1 is dispensable for thrombus formation and hemostasis
Authors: Schurr Yvonne , Spindler Markus , Kurz Hendrikje , Bender Markus
Published: May 2019

Coordinated reorganization of cytoskeletal structures is critical for key aspects of platelet physiology. While several studies have addressed the role of microtubules and filamentous actin in platelet production and function, the significance of their crosstalk in these processes has been poorly investigated. The microtubule-actin cross-linking factor 1 (MACF1; synonym: Actin cross-linking factor 7, ACF7) is a member of the spectraplakin family, and one of the few proteins expressed in platelets, which possess actin and microtubule binding domains thereby facilitating actin-microtubule interaction and regulation. We used megakaryocyte- and platelet-specific Macf1 knockout (Macf1fl/fl, Pf4-Cre) mice to study the role of MACF1 in platelet production and function. MACF1 deficient mice displayed comparable platelet counts to control mice. Analysis of the platelet cytoskeletal ultrastructure revealed a normal marginal band and actin network. Platelet spreading on fibrinogen was slightly delayed but platelet activation and clot traction was unaffected. Ex vivo thrombus formation and mouse tail bleeding responses were similar between control and mutant mice. These results suggest that MACF1 is dispensable for thrombopoiesis, platelet activation, thrombus formation and the hemostatic function in mice.
Angiotensin II-mediated MYH9 downregulation causes structural and functional podocyte injury in diabetic kidney disease
Authors: Kang Jeong Suk , Lee Seung Joo , Lee Ji-Hye , Kim Ji-Hee , Son Seung Seob , Cha Seung-Kuy , Lee Eun Soo , Chung Choon Hee , Lee Eun Young
Published: May 2019

MYH9, a widely expressed gene encoding nonmuscle myosin heavy chain, is also expressed in podocytes and is associated with glomerular pathophysiology. However, the mechanisms underlying MYH9-related glomerular diseases associated with proteinuria are poorly understood. Therefore, we investigated the role and mechanism of MYH9 in diabetic kidney injury. MYH9 expression was decreased in glomeruli from diabetic patients and animals and in podocytes treated with Ang II in vitro. Ang II treatment and siRNA-mediated MYH9 knockdown in podocytes resulted in actin cytoskeleton reorganization, reduced cell adhesion, actin-associated protein downregulation, and increased albumin permeability. Ang II treatment increased NOX4 expression and ROS generation. The Ang II receptor blocker losartan and the ROS scavenger NAC restored MYH9 expression in Ang II-treated podocytes, attenuated disrupted actin cytoskeleton and decreased albumin permeability. Furthermore, MYH9 overexpression in podocytes restored the effects of Ang II on the actin cytoskeleton and actin-associated proteins. Ang II-mediated TRPC6 activation reduced MYH9 expression. These results suggest that Ang II-mediated MYH9 depletion in diabetic nephropathy may increase filtration barrier permeability by inducing structural and functional podocyte injury through TRPC6-mediated Ca2+ influx by NOX4-mediated ROS generation. These findings reveal a novel MYH9 function in maintaining urinary filtration barrier integrity. MYH9 may be a potential target for treating diabetic nephropathy.
American Civil War plant medicines inhibit growth, biofilm formation, and quorum sensing by multidrug-resistant bacteria
Authors: Dettweiler Micah , Lyles James T. , Nelson Kate , Dale Brandon , Reddinger Ryan M. , Zurawski Daniel V. , Quave Cassandra L.
Published: May 2019

A shortage of conventional medicine during the American Civil War (1861–1865) spurred Confederate physicians to use preparations of native plants as medicines. In 1863, botanist Francis Porcher compiled a book of medicinal plants native to the southern United States, including plants used in Native American traditional medicine. In this study, we consulted Porcher’s book and collected samples from three species that were indicated for the formulation of antiseptics: Liriodendron tulipifera, Aralia spinosa, and Quercus alba. Extracts of these species were tested for the ability to inhibit growth in three species of multidrug-resistant pathogenic bacteria associated with wound infections: Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Acinetobacter baumannii. Extracts were also tested for biofilm and quorum sensing inhibition against S. aureus. Q. alba extracts inhibited growth in all three species of bacteria (IC50 64, 32, and 32 µg/mL, respectively), and inhibited biofilm formation (IC50 1 µg/mL) in S. aureus. L. tulipifera extracts inhibited biofilm formation (IC50 32 µg/mL) in S. aureus. A. spinosa extracts inhibited biofilm formation (IC50 2 µg/mL) and quorum sensing (IC50 8 µg/mL) in S. aureus. These results support that this selection of plants exhibited some antiseptic properties in the prevention and management of wound infections during the conflict.
Author Correction: Craniometrics Reveal “Two Layers” of Prehistoric Human Dispersal in Eastern Eurasia
Authors: Matsumura Hirofumi , Hung Hsiao-chun , Higham Charles , Zhang Chi , Yamagata Mariko , Nguyen Lan Cuong , Li Zhen , Fan Xue-chun , Simanjuntak Truman , Oktaviana Adhi Agus , He Jia-ning , Chen Chung-yu , Pan Chien-kuo , He Gang , Sun Guo-ping , Huang Wei-jin , Li Xin-wei , Wei Xing-tao , Domett Kate , Halcrow Siân , Nguyen Kim Dung , Trinh Hoang Hiep , Bui Chi Hoang , Nguyen Khanh Trung Kien , Reinecke Andreas
Published: May 2019

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.
Pragmatic considerations for fostering reproducible research in artificial intelligence
Authors: Carter Rickey E. , Attia Zachi I. , Lopez-Jimenez Francisco , Friedman Paul A.
Published: May 2019

Artificial intelligence and deep learning methods hold great promise in the medical sciences in areas such as enhanced tumor identification from radiographic images, and natural language processing to extract complex information from electronic health records. Scientific review of AI algorithms has involved reproducibility, in which investigators share protocols, raw data, and programming codes. Within the realm of medicine, reproducibility introduces important challenges, including risk to patient privacy, challenges in reproducing results, and questions regarding ownership and financial value of large medical datasets. Scientific review, however, mandates some form of resolution of these inherent conflicts. We propose several approaches to permit scientific review while maintaining patient privacy and data confidentiality.
The ubiquitin ligase PHR promotes directional regrowth of spinal zebrafish axons
Authors: Bremer Juliane , Marsden Kurt C. , Miller Adam , Granato Michael
Published: May 2019

To reconnect with their synaptic targets, severed axons need to regrow robustly and directionally along the pre-lesional trajectory. While mechanisms directing axonal regrowth are poorly understood, several proteins direct developmental axon outgrowth, including the ubiquitin ligase PHR (Mycbp2). Invertebrate PHR also limits regrowth of injured axons, whereas its role in vertebrate axonal regrowth remains elusive. Here we took advantage of the high regrowth capacity of spinal zebrafish axons and observed robust and directional regrowth following laser transection of spinal Mauthner axons. We found that PHR directs regrowing axons along the pre-lesional trajectory and across the transection site. At the transection site, initial regrowth of wild-type axons was multidirectional. Over time, misdirected sprouts were corrected in a PHR-dependent manner. Ablation of cyfip2, known to promote F-actin-polymerization and pharmacological inhibition of JNK reduced misdirected regrowth of PHR-deficient axons, suggesting that PHR controls directional Mauthner axonal regrowth through cyfip2- and JNK-dependent pathways.
Correction: Quantification of isomerically summed hydrocarbon contributions to crude oil by carbon number, double bond equivalent, and aromaticity using gas chromatography with tunable vacuum ultraviolet ionization
Authors: Nowak Jeremy A. , Weber Robert J. , Goldstein Allen H.
Published: May 2019

Correction for ‘Quantification of isomerically summed hydrocarbon contributions to crude oil by carbon number, double bond equivalent, and aromaticity using gas chromatography with tunable vacuum ultraviolet ionization’ by Jeremy A. Nowak et al., Analyst, 2018, 143, 1396–1405.
A comparative study of microporous polyolefin silica-based paper and cellulose paper substrates utilizing paper spray-mass spectrometry in drug analysis
Authors: De Silva Imesha W. , Converse Darren T. , Juel Lauren A. , Verbeck Guido F.
Published: May 2019

This comparative study proposes an efficient technique by employing a synthetic substrate, which is commercially available, for direct, sensitive, efficient and fast analysis in Paper Spray Mass Spectrometry (PS-MS).
Coaxial PCL/PEG-thiol–ene microfiber with tunable physico-chemical properties for regenerative scaffolds
Authors: Iglesias-Echevarria Monica , Durante Luca , Johnson Richard , Rafuse Michael , Ding Yonghui , Bonani Walter , Maniglio Devid , Tan Wei
Published: May 2019

Scaffolds made of coaxially-structured microfibers display high elasticity, swelling and strength, and can be functionalized for deep cell infiltration and tissue regeneration.
The polymorphism of porphyrin 2D assemblies at the liquid–graphite interface: the effect of a polar solvent additive and a flexible spacer on the face-on and edge-on type molecular arrangements
Authors: Adachi Kenya , Hirose Takashi , Matsuda Kenji
Published: May 2019

The edge-on type 2D self-assembly can be selectively formed by managing hydrogen bonding interactions at the liquid–solid interface.
Pentadienyl migration and abstraction in yttrium aluminabenzene complexes including a single-component catalyst for isoprene polymerization
Authors: Barisic Damir , Lebon Jakob , Maichle-Mössmer Cäcilia , Anwander Reiner
Published: May 2019

The pentadienyl ligand in A engages in a donor-promoted intramolecular metal(Y)-to-metal(Al) migration and is easily abstracted to afford B.
Integration of a photocleavable element into DNA nanoswitches
Authors: Chandrasekaran Arun Richard , Abraham Punnoose Jibin , Valsangkar Vibhav , Sheng Jia , Halvorsen Ken
Published: May 2019

We demonstrate light-based control of the conformation of DNA nanoswitches with the potential for the construction of light-responsive DNA memory.
Self-assembly and structural manipulation of diblock-copolymer grafted nanoparticles in a homopolymer matrix
Authors: Li Sai , Zhang Zhiyu , Hou Guanyi , Liu Jun , Gao Yangyang , Coates Phil , Zhang Liqun
Published: May 2019

Detailed coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations are performed to investigate the structural and mechanical properties of nanoparticles (NPs) grafted with an amphiphilic AB diblock copolymer, with the A-block being compatible with NPs and the B-block being miscible with a homopolymer matrix.
Multivariate statistical analysis of chemical and electrochemical oscillators for an accurate frequency selection
Authors: Kitagaki Bianca T. , Pinto Maria R. , Queiroz Adriana C. , Breitkreitz Márcia C. , Rossi Federico , Nagao Raphael
Published: May 2019

This study employs a multivariate statistical analysis in chemical and electrochemical oscillators to determine the precise effect of the experimental parameters.
Energy scales and dynamics of electronic excitations in functionalized gold nanoparticles measured at the single particle level
Authors: Basu Tuhin Shuvra , Diesch Simon , Obergfell Manuel , Demsar Jure , Scheer Elke
Published: May 2019

The knowledge of the electronic structure in nanoparticles and their dynamics is a prerequisite to develop miniaturized single electron devices based on nanoparticles.
Chemical equilibria of aqueous ammonium–carboxylate systems in aqueous bulk, close to and at the water–air interface
Authors: Blanco Yina Salamanca , Topel Önder , Bajnóczi Éva G. , Werner Josephina , Björneholm Olle , Persson Ingmar
Published: May 2019

XPS studies have used to study the speciation and the relative position of alkyl carboxylic acids and conjugated carboxylates relative to the water air–air interface. The transport of ammonia and small carboxylic acids from water to air show that equilibria between the aqueous bulk and the surface region establish fast.
High-throughput computational design of organic–inorganic hybrid halide semiconductors beyond perovskites for optoelectronics
Authors: Li Yuheng , Yang Kesong
Published: May 2019

This work demonstrates a pathway for the large-scale design of novel organic–inorganic functional materials in a high-throughput fashion.
The use of starter cultures in the table olive fermentation can modulate the antiadhesive properties of brine exopolysaccharides against enterotoxigenicEscherichia coli
Authors: Zhu Yanan , González-Ortiz Gemma , Benítez-Cabello Antonio , Calero-Delgado Beatriz , Jiménez-Díaz Rufino , Martín-Orúe Susana María
Published: May 2019

The present study aimed to evaluate different mates ofCandida boidiniiandLactobacillus pentosusstrains as starters in green table olive fermentation.
Extraction and milking of astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis cultures
Authors: Samorì Chiara , Pezzolesi Laura , Galletti Paola , Semeraro Margherita , Tagliavini Emilio
Published: May 2019

Natural astaxanthin can be recovered from Haematococcus pluvialis culture without any cell pre-treatment by using human-compatible solvents, and can be re-synthesized by cells if algae-compatible solvents are applied in a milking mode, avoiding a net biomass loss.
In situ high-precision lithium isotope analyses at low concentration levels with femtosecond-LA-MC-ICP-MS
Authors: Steinmann Lena K. , Oeser Martin , Horn Ingo , Seitz Hans-Michael , Weyer Stefan
Published: May 2019

Precision of a single measurement in the low signal intensity area is better with a combination of a 1013 Ω amplifier and a SEM.
Design and synthesis of two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks with four-arm cores: prediction of remarkable ambipolar charge-transport properties
Authors: Thomas Simil , Li Hong , Dasari Raghunath R. , Evans Austin M. , Castano Ioannina , Allen Taylor G. , Reid Obadiah G. , Rumbles Garry , Dichtel William R. , Gianneschi Nathan C. , Marder Seth R. , Coropceanu Veaceslav , Brédas Jean-Luc
Published: May 2019

Theoretical and experimental investigations of diacetylene-linked COFs with remarkable charge-transport properties.
Ligand-free all-inorganic metal halide nanocubes for fast, ultra-sensitive and self-powered ozone sensors
Authors: Brintakis K. , Gagaoudakis E. , Kostopoulou A. , Faka V. , Argyrou A. , Binas V. , Kiriakidis G. , Stratakis E.
Published: May 2019

Quick and cost-effective fabrication of metal-halide nanostructure ozone sensors.
Transparent thermo-responsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-l-poly(ethylene glycol)acrylamide conetwork hydrogels with rapid deswelling response
Authors: Zhao Yu , Ju Xiao-Jie , Zhang Li-Ping , Wang Wei , Faraj Yousef , Zou Lin-Bing , Xie Rui , Liu Zhuang , Chu Liang-Yin
Published: May 2019

Transparent thermo-responsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-l-poly(ethylene glycol)acrylamide conetwork hydrogels with rapid deswelling response are developed with multi-arm star poly(ethylene glycol)acrylamide as a cross-linker.
Naphthalimide/benzimide-based excited-state intramolecular proton transfer active luminogens: aggregation-induced enhanced emission and potential for chemical modification
Authors: Wang Rong , Ding Ju , Zhang Yanrong
Published: May 2019

Two ESIPT- and AIEE-active molecules, HPIBT, which is superior to HNIBT, and HPIBT-yl can be further modified through high-efficiency click chemistry.
Crystal structures of N6-modified-amino acid related nucleobase analogs (II): hybrid adenine-β-alanine and adenine-GABA molecules
Authors: García-Raso Angel , Terrón Angel , López-Zafra Adela , García-Viada Andrés , Barta Agostina , Frontera Antonio , Lorenzo Julia , Rodríguez-Calado Sergi , Vázquez-López Ezequiel M. , Fiol Juan J.
Published: May 2019

H-Bonding networks and anion–π interactions in the crystal structures of N6-modified-amino acid adenine analogs are investigated using X-ray crystallography and DFT calculations.
Atomic-scale investigation on the ultra-large bending behaviours of layered sodium titanate nanowires
Authors: Liu Qiong , Zhan Haifei , Zhu Huaiyong , Sun Ziqi , Bell John , Bo Arixin , Gu Yuantong
Published: May 2019

Layered sodium titanate nanowires exhibit ultra-large bending strain, which is accompanied by dislocation motion.
Two-dimensional hierarchically porous carbon nanosheets for flexible aqueous supercapacitors with high volumetric capacitance
Authors: Yao Lei , Lin Junsheng , Yang Haitao , Wu Qin , Wang Dongrui , Li Xiujuan , Deng Libo , Zheng Zijian
Published: May 2019

Pyrolytic carbons derived from two sister resins (with different crosslinking degrees) show a 2D nanosheet structure with and without hierarchical pores on the 2D plane, respectively. 2D-HPC displays a high volumetric capacitance in a flexible aqueous supercapacitor.
Exceptional modulation of upconversion and downconversion near-infrared luminescence in Tm/Yb-codoped ferroelectric nanocomposite by nanoscale engineering
Authors: Pan Er , Bai Gongxun , Zhou Jun , Lei Lei , Xu Shiqing
Published: May 2019

Exceptional enhancement in both upconversion and downconversion near-infrared emission has been realized in the developed ferroelectric photonic nanocomposite.
Transformations of supported gold nanoparticles observed by in situ electron microscopy
Authors: Liu Pei , Wu Tiantian , Madsen Jacob , Schiøtz Jakob , Wagner Jakob Birkedal , Hansen Thomas Willum
Published: May 2019

Supported metallic nanoparticles may flip back and forth between several configurations during observation.
Polymer induced one-step interfacial self-assembly method for the fabrication of flexible, robust and free-standing SERS substrates for rapid on-site detection of pesticide residues
Authors: Wu Peng , Zhong Lu-Bin , Liu Qing , Zhou Xi , Zheng Yu-Ming
Published: May 2019

A polymer induced one-step interfacial self-assembly method was developed to fabricate flexible, robust and free-standing SERS substrates for rapid pesticide residue detection.
Ultrasound-guided immunofunctional photoacoustic imaging for diagnosis of lymph node metastases
Authors: Dumani Diego S. , Sun In-Cheol , Emelianov Stanislav Y.
Published: May 2019

A minimally invasive method to detect lymph node metastases using glycol-chitosan-coated gold nanoparticles and ultrasound-guided photoacoustic imaging.
Hierarchically heterostructured metal hydr(oxy)oxides for efficient overall water splitting
Authors: Liu Yang , Wang Fengmei , Shifa Tofik Ahmed , Li Jie , Tai Jing , Zhang Yu , Chu Junwei , Zhan Xueying , Shan Chongxin , He Jun
Published: May 2019

The design of highly efficient electrocatalysts containing non-precious metals is crucial for promoting overall water splitting in alkaline media.
LEDs using halide perovskite nanocrystal emitters
Authors: Yan Fei , Demir Hilmi Volkan
Published: May 2019

The emerging family of lead–halide perovskite (LHP) nanocrystal emitters has shown impressive achievements in solid-state light-emitting applications.
Installing a functional group into the inactive ω-chain end of PMMA and PS-b-PMMA by terminal-selective transesterification
Authors: Yoshida Kohei , Yamamoto Takuya , Tajima Kenji , Isono Takuya , Satoh Toshifumi
Published: May 2019

Various functional groups were incorporated into the inherently inactive ω-chain end of polymethacrylate-based polymers by terminal-selective transesterification.
Sulphur-containing nonaromatic polymers: clustering-triggered emission and luminescence regulation by oxidation
Authors: Zhao Zihao , Chen Xiaohong , Wang Qian , Yang Tianjia , Zhang Yongming , Yuan Wang Zhang
Published: May 2019

Sulphur-containing nonconventional luminophores with clustering-triggered emission characteristics are developed, whose emission is readily modulated through oxidation.
Supramolecular polymer nanocapsules by enzymatic covalent condensation: biocompatible and biodegradable drug-delivery systems for chemo-photothermal anticancer therapy
Authors: Liu Shengda , Huang Zupeng , Li Fei , Yan Tengfei , Fu Shuang , Tian Ruizhen , Hou Chunxi , Luo Quan , Xu Jiayun , Liu Junqiu
Published: May 2019

Supramolecular polymer nanocapsules were constructed by enzymatic covalent condensation and they acted as drug-delivery systems for chemo-photothermal anticancer therapy.
Comparative study of hydroxyapatite, fluor-hydroxyapatite and Si-substituted hydroxyapatite nanoparticles on osteogenic, osteoclastic and antibacterial ability
Authors: Sun Jing , Wu Tao , Fan Qihang , Hu Qing , Shi Bin
Published: May 2019

This study compared the effects of hydroxyapatite (HA), fluor-hydroxyapatite (FHA) and Si-substituted hydroxyapatite (SiHA) on osteogenic differentiation, osteoclastic activity and antibacterial properties.
A controlled synthesis method of alkyl methacrylate block copolymers via living anionic polymerization at ambient temperature
Authors: Li Zheng , Chen Jianding , Zou Guijin , Zhang Tongyuan , Wei Dafu , Xu Xiang , Guan Yong , Zheng Anna
Published: May 2019

A series of well-defined diblock copolymers containing PMMA, PEMA and PBMA blocks were synthesized with narrow MWDs and high yields via anionic polymerization, while t-BuOK was selected as initiator in THF at 0 °C. .
High proton conductivity behavior in a 2D metal sulfite constructed from a histidine ligand
Authors: Ma Yike , Huang Liangliang , Xiu Zhijia , Yang Yuheng , Wang Xiaodong , Yin Yanzhen , Bi Yanfeng , Zheng Zhiping
Published: May 2019

In the presence of the amino acid histidine, an inorganic–organic hybrid metal sulfite (compound 1), has been prepared under hydrothermal conditions. Compound 1 shows a high proton conductivity of, approximately 10−3 S cm−1 at 348 K and 98% RH.
Computational analysis of mesoscale thermomechanical ignition behavior of impacted LLM-105 based explosives
Authors: Wang XinJie , Hu WeiJia , Wu YanQing , Huang FengLei
Published: May 2019

Mesoscale thermomechanical ignition behavior of LLM-105 based explosives was quantified through a developed elastoviscoplastic dislocation model for LLM-105 crystal.
Gold-catalyzed bicyclic annulations of 4-methoxy-1,2-dienyl-5-ynes with isoxazoles to form indolizine derivatives via an Au-π-allene intermediate
Authors: Kulandai Raj Antony Sekar , Tan Kuo-Chen , Chen Liang-Yu , Cheng Mu-Jeng , Liu Rai-Shung
Published: May 2019

Gold-catalyzed bicyclic annulations of 4-methoxy-1,2-dienyl-5-ynes with isoxazoles afford indolizine derivatives; the reaction mechanism involves alkyne attack on a gold π-allene to yield a vinyl gold carbene.
Catalytic protodeboronation of pinacol boronic esters: formal anti-Markovnikov hydromethylation of alkenes
Authors: Clausen Florian , Kischkewitz Marvin , Bergander Klaus , Studer Armido
Published: May 2019

Methane is formally added to alkenes via sequential hydroboration, Matteson-CH2-homologation and radical protodeboronation.
Site-specific hydrogen-atom elimination in photoexcited ethyl radical
Authors: Chicharro David V. , Poullain Sonia Marggi , Zanchet Alexandre , Bouallagui Aymen , García-Vela Alberto , Senent María L. , Rubio-Lago Luis , Bañares Luis
Published: May 2019

The photochemistry of the ethyl radical following excitation to the 3p Rydberg state is investigated in a joint experimental and theoretical study.
A new self-desalting solar evaporation system based on a vertically oriented porous polyacrylonitrile foam
Authors: Zhang Qian , Yang Hongjun , Xiao Xingfang , Wang Han , Yan Lei , Shi Zhuoxun , Chen Yali , Xu Weilin , Wang Xianbao
Published: May 2019

A new self-desalting evaporation system comprising reduced graphene oxide/cotton fabric and a vertically oriented porous polyacrylonitrile film exhibited excellent self-desalting performance and high photothermal performance.
Fluorine-free Ti3C2Tx (T = O, OH) nanosheets (∼50–100 nm) for nitrogen fixation under ambient conditions
Authors: Li Tengfei , Yan Xudong , Huang Lujun , Li Jinghan , Yao Lulu , Zhu Qianying , Wang Weiqiang , Abbas Waseem , Naz Raheela , Gu Jiajun , Liu Qinglei , Zhang Wang , Zhang Di
Published: May 2019

Due to its fuel-efficient and environmentally friendly nature, the electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) has drawn significant attention.
BODIPY-based hydrazine as a fluorescent probe for sensitive and selective detection of nitric oxide: a new strategy
Authors: Fu Ying-Long , Li Hao , Wei Xiu-Zhi , Song Qin-Hua
Published: May 2019

A novel fluorescent probe 8-HB was developed with a BODIPY as a fluorophore and 8-substituted hydrazine as a reactive site for sensitive and selective detection of nitric oxide (NO), generating major fluorescent dehydrazinated BODIPY and minor non-fluorescent azide BODIPY.
2-Dicyanomethylenethiazole based NIR absorbing organic nanoparticles for photothermal therapy and photoacoustic imaging
Authors: Chen Zikang , Xia Qi , Zhou Yuping , Li Xipan , Qi Li , Feng Qianjin , Liu Ruiyuan , Chen Wufan
Published: May 2019

TPTHM NPs are candidates for PAI/PTT agents due to their NIR absorption, good biocompatibility, high photostability and photothermal conversion efficiency (38%).
Rational design of a zwitterionic–phosphonic copolymer for the surface antifouling modification of multiple biomedical metals
Authors: Liu Hongwei , Liu Li , Jiang Xuefeng , Fan Jin , Peng Wan , Liu Peiming , Yang Ting , Chen Haolin , Jiang Wei , Yin Guoyong , Liu Pingsheng , Shen Jian
Published: May 2019

The relationship between the composition of the copolymer and the antifouling ability conferred to the metallic substrates has been established.
A p-π* conjugated triarylborane as an alcohol-processable n-type semiconductor for organic optoelectronic devices
Authors: Yu Yingjian , Dong Changshuai , Alahmadi Abdullah F. , Meng Bin , Liu Jun , Jäkle Frieder , Wang Lixiang
Published: May 2019

A new n-type p-π* conjugated organic molecule based on triarylborane shows unique alcohol-solubility even in the absence of polar side chains. With its low-lying LUMO/HOMO energy levels and high electron mobility, the molecule can be used as electron acceptor in eco-friendly alcohol-processed organic solar cells.
A bioinspired multi-functional wearable sensor with an integrated light-induced actuator based on an asymmetric graphene composite film
Authors: Hu Ying , Qi Ke , Chang Longfei , Liu Jiaqin , Yang Lulu , Huang Majing , Wu Guan , Lu Pin , Chen Wei , Wu Yucheng
Published: May 2019

A multi-functional wearable sensor mimicking human skin is constructed based on an asymmetric graphene composite film, showing sensing and light-induced actuation.
In situ growth of a P-type CuSCN/Cu2O heterojunction to enhance charge transport and suppress charge recombination
Authors: Li Linghui , Liang Junhui , Qin Laishun , Chen Da , Huang Yuexiang
Published: May 2019

In situ growth CuSCN/Cu2O heterojunction using a simple alkali treatment technique, to promote charge transport and suppress interface recombination.
Stable energy density of a PMN–PST ceramic from room temperature to its Curie point based on the synergistic effect of diversified energy
Authors: Li Yong , Sun Ningning , Du Jinhua , Li Xiaowei , Hao Xihong
Published: May 2019

The synergistic effect of diversified energy based on multiple polar structures enhances the thermal stability of energy density in ferroelectric ceramics.
Power flow calculation based on local controller impedance features for the AC microgrid with distributed generations
Authors: Wang Rui , Sun Qiuye , Liu Xinrui , Ma Dazhong
Published: May 2019

In AC microgrid, since the impedance features of the power electronic converter are not considered, the accuracy of power flow calculation is degraded. Thus, this study, firstly presents a power flow calculation approach based on local controller impedance features for the AC microgrid consisting of numerous distributed generations. Firstly, the source‐side equivalent output impedance matrix of the converter is estimated by small‐signal perturbation approach and the equivalent transformation among the dq axis, axis and abc axis. Then, the bus–bus line impedance model is proposed by converting the bus line equivalent impedance model. Moreover, the equivalent impedance model is embedded into Jacobian matrix iterative process to improve the accuracy of the power flow calculation approach. Eventually, the power flow calculation based on local controller impedance features is simulated by IEEE 4‐bus MATLAB/Simulink test system, PG&E 69‐bus test system and IEEE 118‐bus test system, indicating that the proposed power flow calculation approach is more accurate.
Improved performance millimetre‐wave antenna array by using artificial materials
Authors: Erfani Elham , Tatu Serioja
Published: May 2019

A millimetre‐wave (MMW) 4 × 2‐element antenna array integrated with a soft surface structure is presented. The proposed antenna is alternatively interpreted as an array of overlapped eared‐aperture‐coupled‐patch‐antenna, fed by strip‐line feed‐network through a low loss and wideband strip‐line‐to‐grounded‐coplanar‐waveguide transition. It is shown that, compared to a 4 × 4‐element conventional planar array with a given aperture size, eight radiating elements are required to achieve an almost same directivity/gain by utilising the soft surface structure between elements of the array. By reducing the number of excited elements with this method, the feed‐network is simplified. Furthermore, being more noticeable in the E‐plane, where soft surface structure is used, the side lobe level is improved in both E‐ and H‐planes. Enhancements of matching and directivity/gain bandwidths are other advantages achieved with the proposed approach. In addition, it is feasible to use the proposed soft‐surface structure in developing larger antenna array packages that can be integrated with other parts of a radio frequency circuitry by using MMW interconnection technologies.
Unmanned aerial system for antenna measurement and diagnosis: evaluation and testing
Authors: Garcia‐Fernandez Maria , Lopez Yuri Alvarez , Andres Fernando Las‐Heras
Published: May 2019

This contribution analyses the performance of an unmanned aerial system for antenna measurement (UASAM) for different kinds of measurement scenarios. UASAM is conceived for antenna diagnostics and characterisation at the operational location of the antenna under test (AUT). The system measures the amplitude of the near field radiated by the AUT. Then, these measurements are post‐processed using phase retrieval techniques and equivalent currents methods to obtain an electromagnetic model of the AUT. This model can be used for antenna diagnostics and for evaluating the far field pattern. Similar to antenna measurement systems in anechoic chamber, UASAM allows defining different acquisition grids depending on the type of AUT (planar, cylindrical, arc cylindrical), which also influences the flight time. In addition to this, the capability to measure circularly polarised antennas from amplitude‐only measurements is presented, discussing the limitations found during the tests, and comparing the results with those from measurements at a spherical range in an anechoic chamber.
Optimisation of offshore wind farm inter‐array collection system
Authors: Yi Xiao , Scutariu Mircea , Smith Kenneth
Published: May 2019

This study presents an automatic tool developed for the optimisation of the layout of offshore inter‐array cable systems. Employing stochastic approaches, this tool can quickly find a near‐optimum cable connectivity solution based on one of the criteria including capital expenditure (CAPEX), operational expenditure (OPEX), or their combination considering the net present value over the project lifespan. The seabed geo‐tech constraints are considered to minimise cable routes across seabed areas where challenging installation conditions may exist, and to avoid cable routes across the seabed areas where the installation is impossible. The tool employs advanced identification of suitable locations of multiple offshore substations for large wind farms. This optimisation tool is coded in Python 2.7 and scripted IPSA + is used as the load flow calculation engine for power loss calculation. This tool has been applied to 4 GW offshore wind projects developed in European and Asian waters and it is demonstrated that the tool automates the design for the inter‐array cable system layout and delivers measurable overall project efficiency gains. Comparisons were made between radial design and branched design; it is shown that the branched design can achieve better cost savings than the radial design.
Load shedding scheme with under‐frequency and undervoltage corrective actions to supply high priority loads in islanded microgrids
Authors: de Nadai Nascimento Bruno , Zambroni de Souza Antonio Carlos , de Carvalho Costa Joao Guilherme , Castilla Miguel
Published: May 2019

In the last few years, microgrids have become a potential solution to improve reliability and security in the supply of electricity to power systems. When a microgrid changes its operation mode from grid‐connected to islanded, particular attention must be paid by the operation services. In the islanded mode, the microgrids’ frequency and voltage may reach undesirable values, harming the security and quality of the operation. This study aims to propose global and local strategies of load shedding to preserve the energy supply to high priority loads within quality standards. The focus of this study is to consider a microgrid operating only with primary control. In this sense, a proper microgrid time‐continuous load flow is applied, considering the constant verification of the frequency and the voltage of all buses. Finally, a Monte Carlo simulation is used to validate the proposal presented and to give some indices that quantify the load shed in each period. The results show the superior performance of the proposed strategy compared to a state‐of‐the‐art load shedding solution that does not consider the priority of loads.
Analytical modelling and power density optimisation of a single phase dual active bridge for aircraft application
Authors: Fritz Niklas , Rashed Mohamed , Bozhko Serhiy , Cuomo Fabrizio , Wheeler Pat
Published: May 2019

A design procedure for the dual active bridge (DAB) converter is presented, which aims to optimised power density and computational effort. When designing a DAB, the selection of circuit design parameters such as switching frequency, leakage inductance and semiconductor technologies is a complex question when targeting losses and weight minimisation of the final design. In this study, analytical models of the operating waveforms, the losses and the weight of all DAB components are developed. The proposed design algorithm is used for designing a 3 kW high‐frequency DAB for an aircraft DC power system.
Optimised design consideration of suspension choppers in Maglev train using SiC MOSFET modules
Authors: Chen Xiaoyu , Yang Xin , Ding Jingfang , Li Xiaolong , Long Zhiqiang
Published: May 2019

Electromagnetic suspension (EMS) Maglev trains attracted to suspend above a track is a green type of track transportation. The suspension control box adopting a closed‐loop feedback controller outputs a levitation current that flows into the electromagnets producing a desired magnetic force to levitate the train. Without contact frictions, such a promising type of transportation saves considerable electricity for propulsion. Minimising the volume and weight of Maglev trains attracts great research interests and continuous engineering effort as that is closely correlated with levitation power consumption and, more importantly, the construction cost. This paper mainly discusses volume and weight optimisation of suspension control box that contains a suspension chopper in EMS Maglev trains using the state‐of‐the‐art SiC MOSFET modules. By analysing the mission profile of a typical suspension chopper, SiC MOSFET is found to be perfectly suitable for suspension chopper optimisation because of its low power losses. An optimised heatsink design of suspension chopper is given, whose volume is only 21% of the previous design. By utilising a RC snubber, the new SiC MOSFET suspension chopper prototype is built without showing serious voltage ringing. This provides a promising prospect for further optimisation of suspension control systems.
Design, construction, and testing of an aero‐engine starter‐generator for the more‐electric aircraft
Authors: Balachandran Ajith , Boden Mark , Sun Zhigang , Forrest Stephen J. , Ede Jason D. , Jewell Geraint. W.
Published: May 2019

This study describes the design, construction, and testing of an aero‐engine starter‐generator and its associated power electronic converter. A high‐speed, permanent magnet machine and a dual‐channel machine‐facing converter with an electrical power offtake rating of 95 kW have been developed for a small civil turbofan application. The study also describes the more‐electric architecture into which the machine and converter are integrated and reviews the multi‐faceted performance specification, which is a common feature of machines of this type.
A particular carbon-chain-producing region: L1489 starless core
Authors: Wu Yuefang , Lin Lianghao , Liu Xunchuan , Chen Xi , Liu Tie , Zhang Chao , Ju Binggang , Yuan Jinghua , Wang Junzhi , Shen Zhiqiang , Kim Kee-Tae , Qin Sheng-Li , Li Juan , Liu Hongli , Zhang Tianwei , Xu Ye , Liu Qinghui
Published: May 2019

We detected carbon-chain molecules (CCMs) HC2n+1N (n = 1−3) and C3S in Ku band as well as high-energy excitation lines including C4H N = 9–8, J = 17/2–15/2, 19/2–17/2, and CH3CCH J = 5–4, K = 2 in the 3 mm band toward a starless core called the eastern molecular core (EMC) of L1489 IRS. Maps of all the observed lines were also obtained. Comparisons with a number of early starless cores and the warm carbon-chain chemistry (WCCC) source L1527 show that the column densities of C4H and CH3CCH are close to those of L1527, and the CH3CCH column densities of the EMC and L1527 are slightly higher than those of TMC-1. The EMC and L1527 have similar C3S column densities, but they are much lower than those of all the starless cores, with only 6.5 and 10% of the TMC-1 value, respectively. The emissions of the N-bearing species of the EMC and L1527 are at the medium level of the starless cores. These comparisons show that the CCM emissions in the EMC are similar to those of L1527, though L1527 contains a protostar. Although dark and quiescent, the EMC is warmer and at a later evolutionary stage than classical carbon-chain–producing regions in the cold, dark, quiescent early phase. The PACS, SPIRE, and SCUBA maps evidently show that the L1489 IRS seems to be the heating source of the EMC. Although it is located at the margins of the EMC, its bolometric luminosity and bolometric temperature are relatively high. Above all, the EMC is a rather particular carbon-chain-producing region and is quite significant for CCM science.
Unexpected topology of the temperature fluctuations in the cosmic microwave background
Authors: Pranav Pratyush , Adler Robert J. , Buchert Thomas , Edelsbrunner Herbert , Jones Bernard J. T. , Schwartzman Armin , Wagner Hubert , van de Weygaert Rien
Published: May 2019

We study the topology generated by the temperature fluctuations of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation, as quantified by the number of components and holes, formally given by the Betti numbers, in the growing excursion sets. We compare CMB maps observed by the Planck satellite with a thousand simulated maps generated according to the ΛCDM paradigm with Gaussian distributed fluctuations. The comparison is multi-scale, being performed on a sequence of degraded maps with mean pixel separation ranging from 0.05 to 7.33°. The survey of the CMB over 𝕊2 is incomplete due to obfuscation effects by bright point sources and other extended foreground objects like our own galaxy. To deal with such situations, where analysis in the presence of “masks” is of importance, we introduce the concept of relative homology. The parametric χ2-test shows differences between observations and simulations, yielding p-values at percent to less than permil levels roughly between 2 and 7°, with the difference in the number of components and holes peaking at more than 3σ sporadically at these scales. The highest observed deviation between the observations and simulations for b0 and b1 is approximately between 3σ and 4σ at scales of 3–7°. There are reports of mildly unusual behaviour of the Euler characteristic at 3.66° in the literature, computed from independent measurements of the CMB temperature fluctuations by Planck’s predecessor, the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) satellite. The mildly anomalous behaviour of the Euler characteristic is phenomenologically related to the strongly anomalous behaviour of components and holes, or the zeroth and first Betti numbers, respectively. Further, since these topological descriptors show consistent anomalous behaviour over independent measurements of Planck and WMAP, instrumental and systematic errors may be an unlikely source. These are also the scales at which the observed maps exhibit low variance compared to the simulations, and approximately the range of scales at which the power spectrum exhibits a dip with respect to the theoretical model. Non-parametric tests show even stronger differences at almost all scales. Crucially, Gaussian simulations based on power-spectrum matching the characteristics of the observed dipped power spectrum are not able to resolve the anomaly. Understanding the origin of the anomalies in the CMB, whether cosmological in nature or arising due to late-time effects, is an extremely challenging task. Regardless, beyond the trivial possibility that this may still be a manifestation of an extreme Gaussian case, these observations, along with the super-horizon scales involved, may motivate the study of primordial non-Gaussianity. Alternative scenarios worth exploring may be models with non-trivial topology, including topological defect models.
The Close AGN Reference Survey (CARS)
Authors: Smirnova-Pinchukova I. , Husemann B. , Busch G. , Appleton P. , Bethermin M. , Combes F. , Croom S. , Davis T. A. , Fischer C. , Gaspari M. , Groves B. , Klein R. , O’Dea C. P. , Pérez-Torres M. , Scharwächter J. , Singha M. , Tremblay G. R. , Urrutia T.
Published: May 2019

The [C II]λ158 μm line is one of the strongest far-infrared (FIR) lines and an important coolant in the interstellar medium of galaxies that is accessible out to high redshifts. The excitation of [C II] is complex and can best be studied in detail at low redshifts. Here we report the discovery of the highest global [C II] excess with respect to the FIR luminosity in the nearby AGN host galaxy HE 1353−1917. This galaxy is exceptional among a sample of five targets because the AGN ionization cone and radio jet directly intercept the cold galactic disk. As a consequence, a massive multiphase gas outflow on kiloparsec scales is embedded in an extended narrow-line region. Because HE 1353−1917 is distinguished by these special properties from our four bright AGN, we propose that a global [C II] excess in AGN host galaxies could be a direct signature of a multiphase AGN-driven outflow with a high mass-loading factor.
Prévention de la fibrose et du cancer du foie liés au virus de l’hépatite B en Afrique
Authors: Cohen Damien , Shimakawa Yusuke , Ndow Gibril , Sow Amina , Tamba Saydiba , Njie Ramou , Lo Gora , Ghosh Sumantra , Toure-Kane Coumba , Ka Mourtalla , Mboup Souleymane , Okeke Edith , Toure Souleymane , Diop Madoky , D’Alessandro Umberto , Taylor-Robinson Simon , Mendy Maimuna , Zoulim Fabien , Thursz Mark R. , Lemoine Maud , Chemin Isabelle
Published: May 2019

Malgré l’existence d’un vaccin efficace, le virus de l’hépatite B infecte 257 millions de personnes à travers le monde et engendre la majorité des cas de carcinome hépatocellulaire (le deuxième cancer le plus meurtrier). Les pays à faibles ressources sont les plus atteints comme ceux d’Afrique subsaharienne où l’accès à un système de santé est restreint. Pour pallier cela, le programme européen Prolifica a contribué à mettre en place les approches de dépistage et de traitement des patients porteurs du HBV pour en prévenir les complications, en particulier le CHC. Ces travaux ont permis de démontrer la faisabilité et l’aspect « coût efficace » d’un tel programme. Prolifica a généré des données d’une importance cruciale pour mieux connaître les infections HBV en Afrique de l’Ouest et fournir les bases d’une meilleure prise en charge des patients.