bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experiências e Iniciativas em Acessibilidade e Inclusão na UFRN: o Laboratório de Acessibilidade da Biblioteca Central Zila Mamede
Authors: Melo Francisco Ricardo Lins Vieira de , Furtado Margareth Maciel Figueiredo  Dias , Ribeiro Elizabeth S. Kanzaki , Melo Érica Simony Fernandes de , Araújo Audinêz Barreto , Trindade Sidney
Published: November 2019

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.13071/regec.2317-5087.2014.3.1.5052.43-67. Este artigo socializa a experiência de implantação do Laboratório de Acessibilidade da Biblioteca Central Zila Mamede. Aborda a relação entre bibliotecas e acessibilidade, seja informacional ou física. Faz um relato histórico sobre as ações voltadas à inclusão no âmbito da UFRN, desde os primeiros projetos, passando pela criação da Comissão Permanente de Apoio ao Estudante com Necessidades Educacionais Especiais (Caene) até a implantação do Laboratório de Acessibilidade. Adota como metodologia um relato de experiência baseado em levantamento teórico e histórico e análise estatística dos resultados da implantação laboratório. Apresenta resultados quantitativos e qualitativos. Conclui-se que a missão das bibliotecas universitárias não pode ser concretizada se não houver condições igualitárias de acesso ao conhecimento.
Editorial
Authors: Bernardi Núbia
Published: November 2019

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.13071/regec.2317-5087.2014.3.1.7856.21-22. Apresenta a Edição Especial "Inovação, Tecnologias Assistivas e Acessibilidade".
Fear, Flight, and Freedom: On Anti-colonial Countermasteries and Ontological Insecurities
Authors: Shahar Zaynab
Published: November 2019

Abstract in English

InUnthinking MasteryJulietta Singh argues that anticolonial discourse hinges on the contradiction of both repudiating the “mastery” of colonialism and at the same time reproducing and advocating mastery towards anticolonial liberation. Through a close reading of Fanon, Singh demonstrates the ways in which he understood countermastery as the production of “new masterful subjects.” This paper deconstructs Fanon's countermastery through the lens of ontological insecurities to illuminate how it informs the production of contemporary decolonial discourse. This paper expands Fanon's conception of decolonial embodiment through proffering queer failure and queer of color disidentification as ways of etching towards decolonial queer-feminist praxis.

Key words: Coloniality, Ontology, Queer Studies, Feminist Thinking, Frantz Fanon.
Refugees, Migrants and Citizens in U.K. Socio-Political Discourse: A Postcolonial and Discourse Analytical Critique
Authors: Taha Sophia Hayat
Published: November 2019

This paper examines why migrants and refugees are treated differently to citizens by the U.K. government. It brings together written statements from Members of Parliament and three online news sources, unpacking the contemporary dominant discourse using Critical Discourse Analysis. It argues that, as a colonial power, the U.K. has used and continues to use dehumanisation tactics to ‘other’ migrants. The examination of texts found common themes: citizens were presented as helpful, good people, the nation-state as a source of identity and safety and borders as requiring protection — in turn, justifying exceptionalism in the name of security. It concludes that the mistreatment of migrants and refugees is seen as legitimate because the national dominant discourse has constructed their societal identity as ‘others’ who pose a risk to the congruency of the state.
Incidence and Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes in America: Is There Culpability in the Food Industry?
Authors: Robinson Matthew , Turner Caroline
Published: November 2019

In this paper, the authors introduce the topic of type 2 diabetes, offering definitions as well as discussing its major symptoms and causes. We also analyze trends in diagnoses over time, and most significantly, examine how the conventional food system plays a role in the etiology of the medical condition. The topic is of interest to criminology and criminal justice, we argue, because of moral and potential legal culpability in the food industry. When placed in the context of state-corporate crime, outcomes of the conventional food system begin to look a lot like crimes. That is, global corporations produce, process, market, and sell the foods that are killing more humans than nearly anything else on the planet, including drugs and crime. State agencies created and organized to protect consumers not only fail to stop this, but also enable and encourage the production and consumption of unhealthy foods.
Retrofitted data centres: a new world in the shell of the old
Authors: Jacobson Kate , Hogan Mél
Published: November 2019

This contribution looks specifically at the process of redeveloping data centre infrastructure: how the value of past capital investments in the built environment can be preserved and multiplied through further capitalist development. We argue that, while the majority of data centres are not placed in these retrofitted industrial buildings, the ones that are indicate a specific spatial logic within the neoliberal order. We show that retrofitting industrial buildings into data centres is about more than putting inactive capital back to ‘work’; it is also about the use of industrial infrastructure as a casing to obfuscate the origins, structure, and workings of the neoliberal project, as metaphorised by the data centres that help to constitute its subjects.
Sobre comer carne
Authors: Pinheiro Joaquim
Published: November 2019

O tratado De esu carnium (Sobre comer carne) chegou-nos na forma de dois logoi, com múltiplas lacunas, sobretudo o segundo logos. Recuperando temáticas já desenvolvidas pela doutrina pitagórica, por Xenócrates, por Teofrasto ou pelos Estóicos, Plutarco argumenta sobre a natureza dos seres vivos, no âmbito da relação entre homem e animal. À semelhança de outros tratados do corpus plutarcheum, como Bruta animalia ratione uti (Os animais são racionais), mais conhecido por Gryllus (Grilo), ou o De sollertia animalium (Sobre a inteligência dos animais), a narrativa desenvolve-se em torno de questões relacionadas com a natureza e a psicologia dos animais, como a possibilidade de existir virtude e razão entre os animais, defendendo Plutarco a philanthropia e a generosidade com que se deve tratar todos os seres vivos, opondo-se, dessa forma, ao simples utilitarismo ou ao problemático princípio da necessidade. Sendo um dos tratados zoológicos, o De esu carnium é também um texto de carácter retórico pelo facto de Plutarco construir, por oposição aos Estóicos, uma teoria argumentativa que sustenta a ideia de que comer carne é παρὰ φύσιν (‘contra a natureza’).
Production of Acetyl Cellulose from Agricultural Waste of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches
Authors: Yuwono S.D. , Iryani D.A. , Gusti C. , Suharto  , Buhani  , Suharso
Published: November 2019

In Indonesia especially in Lampung Province, there are a lot of oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) as an organic material waste. OPEFB is relatively inexpensive lignocellulose material as raw material of cellulose acetate or acetyl cellulose. In a business to bigger added value out of these natural renewable materials, the production of the acetyl cellulose was performed well by the acetylation of cellulose from OPEFB using different methods. These were extensively characterized using thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The results indicated that the
acetyl cellulose resulted showed similar properties to cotton acetyl cellulose. Degree of substitution of the resultant acetyl cellulose from different methods was improved from 1.86 to 2.60.
Biogenic Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles and their Applications: A Review
Authors: Kaur Amandeep , Sharma Sangeeta
Published: November 2019

The purpose of the present study is to explore the merits and demerits of various biogenic synthesis route of gold nanoparticles using plant materials and microbes. Literature survey indicated that microbe mediated synthesis route is found to be quite effective buttheavailability and feasibility of microbes, enzyme control conditions is of great challenge for the researchers. Among all the available bio-reductants for the synthesis of gold nanoparticles rhizome of Zinger officinale (ginger) has been found more advantageous in accordance with availability, stability, applicability, reaction time, etc.
for the fabrication of gold nanoparticles.
Validation of Microwave and ICP Parameters for Assessment of Selected
Toxic Trace Elements in Fresh Fruits from Turabah Valley of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Momen Awad Abdalla , Mahmoud Mohamed Hesham , Hag Ali Dafaalla Mohammed , Alotaibi Saad Hmoud , Khalid Mohammed Awad , Elsheikh Malik Abdalla
Published: November 2019

The analytical parameters of the microwave assisted oven and of the inductively coupled plasma (ICP) method were extensively studied and well validated in terms of spectral lines (nm), linearity (R2), accuracy (recovery %), precision (RSDs), detection and quantification limits (LODs and LOQs). The validated analytical method was used to determine the contents of selected toxic trace elements (TTEs) in fresh fruit samples from Turabah Valley of Saudi Arabia. Samples were digested by a microwave-assisted oven at the ratio of 1:2.5 (v/v) (H2O2:HNO3). The R2 > 0.9990 or better, the recovery
(%) were within the acceptable range (100 ± 8), the RSDs were below 4 %, the LODs and the LOQs were ranged between 0.0005-0.0556 mg kg-1 and 0.003-0.174 mg L-1, respectively. It was found that Al, Mn, Pb, As and Cd were detected in most analyzed samples, while Co, Ni and Cr were below the detection limits of the method. A considerable variation were observed with regard to TTEs concentrations in different studied fruit samples. TTEs content of fruits were compared with those of soil and well water samples in the same area. Elevated levels of Al were obtained in some fruit samples, while other elements were within the critical safety levels specified by the FAO/WHO/SASO. Some physico-chemical properties such as moisture, ash and total solid contents (%) of fruits were also estimated and compared with the reference values. The results indicate that the developed ICP method was well suited for determination of toxic and/or nutrient trace elements in fruits and possibly similar matrices.
in silico Anti-Cholinestarase Activity of Flavonoids: A Computational Approach
Authors: Singh Niraj Kumar , Mujwar Somdutt , Garabadu Debapriya
Published: November 2019

In the present study, a computational approach has been designed to evaluate the potential anti-cholinesterase activity of derivatives of flavonoids. Molecular docking studies is performed for the 9 flavonoids against the human acetylcholine (ACh) enzyme to evaluate their binding affinity for having anti-alzheimer activity. All the 9 flavonoid compounds exhibited strong binding affinity that promises potent inhibition of human acetylcholine enzyme. Potential binding affinity of all the flavonoids against human acetylcholine enzyme confirms their possible mechanism of action by using AutoDock based molecular docking simulation technique. Thus, these flavonoid compounds could be presumed to be potential anti-cholinesterase drugs.
Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Rosmarinus officinalis L.
Essential Oils Grown in Lam Dong Province, Vietnam
Authors: Ngan Tran Thi Kim , Huong Nguyen Cam , Le Xuan Tien , Long Pham Quoc , Toan Tran Quoc , Hoang Vo Do Minh , Danh Vo Thanh , Yen Trung Le Nguyen , Trieu Tuan Anh
Published: November 2019

Composition of rosemary essential oil largely depends on the geographical position of the cultivated plant and conditions of the extraction process. In this study, fresh rosemary leaves were used for extraction of essential oil by hydrodistillation and evaluation of chemical compositions and physico-chemical characteristics of the obtained oil were performed. The yield of essential oil was 1.0 %. The physico-chemical parameters showed specific gravity (0.8978 g/cm3), acid index (1.122 mg KOH/g), ester index (15.708 mg KOH/g) and refractive index (1.464). Twenty three components were identified in Rosmarinus officinalis L. oil. The major components were α-pinene (35.54 %), eucalyptol (20.902 %), camphene (4.384 %), bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one (7.794 %), caryophyllene (1.225 %), endo-borneol (4.147 %) and bornyl acetate (4.065 %). Present study unveiled differences in the chemical composition of Vietnamese rosemary oil comparing with similar studies carried out in other countries.
Physico-Chemical Profile of Essential oil of Kaffir Lime (Citrus hystrix DC) Grown in An Giang Province, Vietnam
Authors: Kim Ngan Tran Thi , Hien Tran Thien , Le Xuan Tien , Anh Trieu Tuan , Quan Pham Minh , Cang Mai Huynh , Le Ngoc Thuy Trang , Danh Vo Thanh , Yen Trung Le Nguyen , Toan Tran Quoc
Published: November 2019

In this study, kaffir lime peel was used for extraction of essential oil by hydrodistillation and evaluation of physico-chemical characteristics. The yield of essential oil was 1.8 %. The physico-chemical parameters averaged specific gravity (0.8587g/cm3), acid index (0.667 mg KOH/g), ester index (4.203 mg KOH/g), refractive index (1.469), rotator power +3. Twenty-three components were classified in kaffir lime peel oils. The result of GC-MS revealed that the oil is extremely rich in α-pinene (35.54 %), Eucalyptol (20.902 %), camphene (4.384 %), bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one (7.794 %), caryophyllene (1.225 %), endo-borneol (4.147 %), bornyl acetate (4.065%). The aim of this study is to promote for further research on extraction enhancement and application of that constituents to cosmetics, medicine and food industries to enhance antioxidant and anti-bacterial capabilities create more useful formulations
Extraction of Essential Oils from Vietnam’s Orange (Citrus sinensis)
Peels by Hydrodistillation: Modeling and Process Optimization
Authors: Dao Tan Phat , Tran Thien Hien , Quyen Ngo Thi Cam , Kieu Linh Huynh Thi , Yen Trung Le Nguyen , Danh Vo Thanh , Le Ngoc Thuy Trang , Yen Pham Nguyen Dong , Quan Pham Minh , Toan Tran Quoc
Published: November 2019

In this study, extraction of essential oil from orange peels was investigated by hydrodistillation method and combine technology software to optimize the process. By using the response surface methodology (RSM) based on Box-Behnken surface statistical design, the effect of parameters such as water-to-material ratio (2-4 mL/g), extraction time (45-75 min), and temperature (120-140 ºC) on the extraction of essential oil process from orange (Citrus sinensis) peels was examined . All factors were significantly affected to the extraction yield of essential orange peel oil. Optimum conditions for extraction oil yield including the ratio of water to material, temperature, extraction time achieved 3.19 mL/g, 130.08 ºC, 74.31 min, respectively. Below the optimal extraction condition, the maximum yield of orange oil of 3.21 % was obtained. Using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), the results revealed that the essential orange peels oil is extremely rich in limonene (98.343 %).
Novel Acetohydrazide Pyrazole Derivatives: Design,
Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Verma Anil , Kumar Vinod , Kataria Ramesh , Singh Joginder
Published: November 2019

Eleven acetohydrazide linked pyrazole derivatives were designed and synthesized via condensation of acetohyadrazide with different substituted formyl pyrazole derivatives under mild reaction conditions. Synthesized compounds were characterized on the basis of IR, NMR (1H & 13C) and mass spectrometry. The antimicrobial activities of all the compounds were screened against four bacterial and two fungal strains. Among the synthesized compounds, three compounds viz. 6b, 6c and 6d were found as efficient antimicrobial agents in reference to the standard drugs viz. ciprofloxacin and amphotericin-B. Further, structure-activity relationship (SAR) study revealed that electron-withdrawing group enhances the antimicrobial potential of synthesized derivatives as compared to other groups present in the ring. Hence, among compounds 6b-c, compound 6d could be explored further against other microbes to prove its vitality.
Improvement of Methane Yield by Anaerobic Co-Digestion of
Sewage and Petrochemical Wastewater: Effect of Temperature
Authors: Siddique M.N.I. , Ahmad M.F.
Published: November 2019

Anaerobic bio-digestibility of blend municipal sewage sludge (MSS), condensed waste activated sludge (CWAS) and petrochemical wastewater (PWW) has been evaluated utilizing semi-continuous operation, anaerobic reactors worked during mesophilic (37 ºC) and thermophilic (55 ºC) states. Supplementation of a significant PWW portion (49 % of VS) in an MSS + CWAS combination brought about 2.94 times more methane production, 153 versus 450 mL/g volatile solids (VS) under 37 ºC furthermore 2.59 times more methane production, 198 versus 513 mL/g VS under 55 ºC. The supplemented PWW portion might have been not inhibitory for the system. Those effects of this work show the profit from
municipal sewage sludge, condensed waste activated sludge and petrochemical wastewater co-digestion.
Role of Enzymes in Synthesis of Biologically Important Organic Scaffolds
Authors: Gupta Khushbu , Chundawat Tejpal Singh
Published: November 2019

Green route of biogenic synthesis of heterocyclic compounds via microbes (bacteria, fungi, virus, yeast, algae, etc.) has the potential to deliver clean manufacturing technology. The application of biocatalysts for the synthesis of novel compounds has attracted increasing attention over the past few years and consequently, high demands have been placed on the identification of new biocatalysts for organic synthesis. Enzymes play an increasingly important role as biocatalysts in the synthesis of key
intermediates for the pharmaceutical and chemical industry, and new enzymatic technologies. The characteristics of biocatalyst can be tailored with protein engineering and metabolic engineering methods to meet the desired process conditions. This review discusses the synthetic application of all the six classes of enzymes which are oxidoreductase, transferase, hydrolase, lyase, isomerase and ligase. Enzymes are highly selective catalysts and their contribution to regio-, chemo- and stereoselectivity of compounds were also discussed.
Synthesis and Characterization of Magnetic Fe3O4/Reduced
Graphene Oxide and its Application in Determination of Dopamine
Authors: Rosli A.R. , Loh S.H. , Yusoff F.
Published: November 2019

An electrochemical sensor to determine dopamine in the human body was fabricated based on modified iron oxide/reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode (Fe3O4/r-GO/GCE). Determination of dopamine is significance nowadays as the abnormal level may cause various mental health diseases as well as Parkinson’s disease. The Fe3O4/r-GO nanocomposite was synthesized via Hummer’s method with a slight modification and characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Brunauer Emmett-Teller (BET). The presence of
Fe3O4 onto the surface of r-GO was confirmed by SEM analysis which shows the bulky porous sponge-like structure attached to an exfoliated sheet of r-GO. FTIR analysis proved the presence of the functional group in existing composites via oxidation process of graphene oxide and reduction process of reduced graphene oxide while the crystalline form of Fe3O4/r-GO was determined using XRD analysis. The diffraction peaks index to the cubic phase was noticeable indicating the successful crystallization of the composites. The catalytic activity of bare GCE and modified GCE (Fe3O4/r-GO/ GCE) were observed using electrochemical characterization of cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) with optimum pH of 7, a concentration of 100 μM, and the scan rate of 250 mV s-1. The observed DPV response linearly depends on dopamine concentration in the range of 20-100 μM, with correlation coefficients of 0.9876. The detection limit obtained for the real sample analysis was found to be 0.569 μM while the limit of quantitation was 1.897 μM. The percentage of recovery, repeatability and reproducibility was 113, 82.81 and 7.19 %, respectively.
Identification and Characterization of Forced Degradation Products for
Dofetilide using Rapid and Sensitive UPLC-MS/MS Method and HRMS Studies
Authors: Babu M. Ajay , Mohan G.V. Krishna , Naresh N. , Raju Ch. Krishnam , Mankumare Sharad D.
Published: November 2019

A simple, rapid and efficient method has been developed and validated using ultra UPLC combined with Q-ToF MS system for recognition and characterization of forced degradation products obtained from dofetilide degradation studies. The dofetilide drug is an antiarrhythmic and belongs to Class III and it was treated with various stress conditions like acidic, basic, oxidative, photolytic and thermal conditions as per ICH guidelines. The main drug shows extensive degradation towards oxidative degradation conditions and single degradation product was identified through chromatogram. The
chromatographic separation among main and its impurities were attained through 2.1 × 150, 1.8 μm column from gradient elution using UPLC and its detection at wavelength 230 nm. The validation was performed for the developed method using various parameters like specificity, linearity and robustness studies. Waters Synapt G2 Q TOF system was used and performed MSn studies to establish mass spectral fragmentation pathway for drug and its degradation products and determined accurate masses
study. The efficiency of this method was helpful to identify and characterize the drug and degradation products using LC/MSn techniques.
[3+2] Cycloadditions: Part XXXIV: Further Investigations of Cycloadditions of
C,N-Diaryl- and C-Aryl-N-methyl Nitrones to α,β-Unsaturated Esters
Authors: Sengupta Sumana , Banerji Avijit
Published: November 2019

Investigations of [3+2] cycloadditions of C,N-diaryl and C-aryl-N-methyl nitrones as three atom components (TAC) to substituted methyl E-cinnamates and diethyl arylidene malonates have been further investigated. [3+2] Cycloadditions of cinnamates yielded mixtures of cycloadducts, the major products being the 3,4-trans-4,5-trans-2,3,5-triaryl-4-carbomethoxy products originating from the endo-carbonyl-exo-aryl meta channel approach of the cinnamate component. [3+2] Cycloadditions to diethyl arylidene malonates furnished single cycloadducts-3,5-trans-2-methyl-3,5-diaryl-4,4-
dicarbethoxy isoxazolidines by a endo-aryl meta channel approach of the 2π-component.
Synthesis, Structural Characterization and Biological Evaluation of 3-Amino-5-(5-oxo-5H-benzo[a]phenoxazin-6-ylamino)benzoic acid Derivatives
Authors: Kumar Palanichamy Santhosh , Premnath Dhanaraj , Obadiah Asir , Durairaj Arulappan , Ramanathan Subramanian , Vasanthkumar Samuel
Published: November 2019

1,4-Naphthoquinones are exceptional building blocks in organic synthesis and have been used to synthesize several well-known pharmaceutically active agents. Compounds containing oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur atoms inside the rings are attracting much attention and interest due to their biological importance. A series of 3-amino-5-(3-chloro-1,4-dioxo-1,4-dihydronaphthalen-2-ylamino)benzoic acid derivatives were synthesized by the Michael addition of 2,3-dichloronaphthalene-1,4-dione and
3,5-diaminobenzoic acid. All the synthesized compounds are screened for their bioactivity through molecular docking, cytotoxicity (against HeLa) and antioxidant activity. DPPH and ABTS evaluation procedures are employed to assess the antioxidant activity. Among the synthesized 3-amino-5-(3-chloro-1, 4-dioxo-1, 4-dihydronaphthalen-2-ylamino)benzoic acid derivatives (1, 2, 3a-g), compound 3d exhibited the highest inhibition of 75 % and 83 % in the DPPH and ABTS antioxidant activity evaluation, respectively. Compound 3d exhibited better glide energy and E model scores when docked with HDAC8 using GLIDE program. Cytotoxicity of the synthesized compounds
was studied against cervical cancer cell line (HeLa) and compound 3d showed the maximum inhibition and displayed a better activity than the standard drug.
Silica Supported Copper-Nickel Oxide Catalyst for Photodegradation of Methylene Blue
Authors: Prodjosantoso A.K. , Kamilia S. , Utomo M.P. , Budiasih K.S.
Published: November 2019

Organic wastes are often harmful for organisms living in water. The compounds may toxic and or carcinogenic. Many methods have been applied to minimize the organic wastes in water, one of which is through fotodegradation process using catalysts. This report is about the use of (Cu-Ni)Ox@SiO2 catalyst for photodegration the methylene blue under the sunlight exposure. A serial method of XRD, SEM-EDX and UV-visible spectroscopy has been used in the study. The catalyst adsorption test was carried out in the dark environment, whilst the catalyst activity test in photodegradation of methylene blue was performed under the sunlight. The measurements on (Cu-Ni)Ox@SiO2 catalyst clearly indicate the presence of tridymite silica (SiO2) with the particle size around 9 nm. The silica band gap energy decreases with the adsorption of copper and nickel on the surface of silica. The adsorption follows the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The (Cu-Ni)Ox@SiO2 is significantly catalyzed the degradation of methylene blue in water.
Formation Constants of Mixed Ligand Complexes of Anti-Inflammatory
Drug Piroxicam and Some Bioligands with Copper(II)
Authors: Al-Mohaimeed Amal M.
Published: November 2019

The formation constants of various complexes of copper(II) with anti-inflammatory drug piroxicam (P) as primary ligand and some bioligands such as L-serine, L-tyrosine, L-threonine as secondary ligand have been determined pH metrically at 25 ºC and I = 0.1 M NaNO3. The results suggest that the formation of Cu(P)L and Cu(P)(LH-1) species in the pH range of 5-12. The values of Δ log10 K, percentage of relative stabilization and log X were evaluated and discussed.
DNA/BSA Binding, Molecular Docking, Nuclease Activity and
Cytotoxicity Studies of Hydrazide Based Schiff Base Complexes
Authors: Chinnasamy Muthiah , Ramu Andy
Published: November 2019

A new series of hydrazide based Schiff base metal Cu(II)/Zn(II) complexes of the type [Cu(L1-L4)2] and [Zn(L1-L4)2] has been synthesized and characterized by various analytical and spectral techniques. The proposed geometry of metal complexes, square planar for Cu2+ ion and tetrahedral for Zn2+ ion was confirmed by the spectral and analytical results. DNA interaction with metal complexes was explored by spectral and molecular docking analysis. The results obtained indicates that Cu(II)/Zn(II) complexes interaction with DNA via an intercalative binding mode and its respective intrinsic binding constant (Kb) was found in the order of 7 > 8 > 5 > 6 > 3 > 4 > 1 > 2. Further, similar interactions of these metal complexes with BSA were found in the same order of binding constant. Furthermore, the complexes showed moderate cleavage ability with pUC19 DNA. Cytotoxicity studies confirmed the biological importance of the Schiff base complexes.
A Facile Synthesis of 3-(Chloromethyl)-2-methyl-1,1′-biphenyl
Authors: Zhang Lele , Cheng Songbo , Hu Hang , Xu Defeng
Published: November 2019

3-(Chloromethyl)-2-methyl-1,1′-biphenyl is a key intermediate for the preparation of bifenthrin, an insecticide which belongs to pyrethroid. The traditional synthetic process of 3-(chloromethyl)-2-methyl- 1,1′-biphenyl is complicated and involves high-toxic and high-risk reagents such as thionyl chloride, lithium aluminum hydride and methyl iodide, which causes significant environmental problems and safety issues. Herein, a facile and efficient synthesis process of 3-(chloromethyl)-2- methyl-1,1′-biphenyl was developed. The synthetic process is shortened from 6 steps to only 4 steps and avoids the use of
high-toxic and high-risk reagents. Moreover, 3-(chloromethyl)-2-methyl-1,1′-biphenyl can be obtained by simple purification process in high yield (73.9 %). Compared with the traditional synthetic process, the synthetic process of 3-(chloromethyl)-2-methyl-1,1′-biphenyl reported here is more environmental friendly and efficient.
Microwave Assisted Synthesis and Optical Properties of
Highly Fluorescent N-Doped Carbon Dots
Authors: Koteswararao D. , Rajkumar B. , Prameela K. , Ashok K. , Sridevi G.
Published: November 2019

Herein, a rapid microwave assisted solid state method is reported for the synthesis of highly fluorescent N-doped carbon dots (NCDs) using citric acid as carbon source and guanidine hydrochloride as N-dopant. Synthetic parameters such as microwave power, irradiation time and reactants ratio were optimized to produce high quality N-doped carbon dots. The N-doped carbon dots were well characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), SEM-EDS, FTIR, UV-visible and fluorescence spectroscopies. N-Doped carbon dots exhibited bright emission with a quantum yield of 11 %. Detailed study of their optical properties revealed their excellent property of resistance to photo bleaching, high ionic strength and solution pH. Further they exhibited excitation dependent emission behaviour, high aqueous solubility and a long shelf life of 60 days. This strong fluorescence emission combined with high stability make N-doped carbon dots a promising fluorescent probe for wide range of applications.
Analysis of Heavy Metals Contents in Lipsticks and Cosmetics
Available in Saudi Arabia by ICP-OES
Authors: Alnuwaiser Maha Abdallah
Published: November 2019

The current paper describes the analysis of heavy metals contents in lipsticks and cosmetics being sold in Riyadh markets and compares heavy metals contents present in cosmetics of some other countries. An analytical technique called inductively-coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) determines content for metals like As, Hg, Pb, Cd and Al in some of the most famous and widely sold lipsticks in Riyadh markets. An analysis is conducted across some expensive and some cheap brands that claim to be "organic" and "medicinal", with emphasis on the Chinese brand of lipsticks. Various parameters such as colour intensity, matte texture and glossiness, viscosity and
makeup persistence were compared. Results showed serious levels of contamination from lipsticks originating from China with specimens containing above safe detectable levels. It is found that heavy metals beyond permissible limit are used in lipsticks and other cosmetic products containing fragrances and also as preservatives.
Copper Catalyzed Chan-Lam Coupling Reaction of Pyrazoles at Ambient Temperature and their Antimicrobial Evaluation
Authors: Vilapara Kalpesh V. , Gami Sagar P. , Gadara Shobhna A. , Naliapara Yogesh T.
Published: November 2019

An efficient protocol to synthesize a series of N-aryl pyrazoles via C-N bond Chan-Lam coupling reaction using diverse boronic acid at room temperature using Cu(OAc)2/TEA as a catalytic system without utilization of any ligand or additive and exposed to air to afford moderate to excellent yield. The characterizations of newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by FTIR, MS, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and elemental analysis. All the synthesized compounds were assayed for their antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus MTCC-96, Escherichia coli MTCC-443, B. subtilis MTCC-441, S. typhi MTCC-98, and antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger MTCC-282 and Aspergillus clavatus MTCC-1323 at different concentration and compared with standards drugs. The minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) of the compounds was studied by micro broth dilution method.
Synthesis, Crystal Structure, Hirshfeld Surface, Energy Framework and
Molecular Docking Analysis of Two Novel Carbazole Derivatives
Authors: Dhanalakshmi G. , Saravanan Velu , Mohanakrishnan Arasambattu K. , Aravindhan S.
Published: November 2019

Carbazole derivatives are important compounds from medicinal point of view because of their widespread biological significance. In the present work two compounds 7-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-methyl- 12-(phenylsulfonyl)-12H-naphtho[1,2-b]carbazole (I) and 7-ethyl-5-methyl-12-(phenylsulfonyl)-12Hnaphtho[ 1,2-b]carbazole (II) have been synthesized and characterized by XRD, Hirshfeld surface, energy framework and docking analysis. Single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis shows that the compound I crystallizes in monoclinic system with space group P21/n whereas compound II crystallizes in triclinic with space group P-1. In both compounds there are two intramolecular C-H···O hydrogen bonds, which generates two S (6) ring motifs. The crystal packing is stabilized through weak C-H···O and C-H···Cl interactions. The molecules also features C-H···π interactions. The intermolecular interactions of both compounds were analyzed using Hirshfeld surface analysis and two dimensional fingerprint plots, which was confirmed by the XRD data. Energy frameworks were used to calculate the intermolecular interaction energies and their distribution over the crystal structure. Molecular docking studies show that the compounds exhibits antitumor activity.
Nutritional Care for Patients with Ebola Virus Disease in Ebola Treatment Units – Past and Current Experiences from Practitioners
Authors: Ververs Mija , Anantharam Puneet
Published: November 2019

Background
In November 2014, the World health Organization (WHO), in collaboration with United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), and the World Food Programme, produced interim guidelines (iGL) on providing nutritional support to patients in Ebola treatment units (ETUs). They have been translated into French and issued by the Ministry of Health, UNICEF and WHO in adapted versions to be used in the current outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). This paper evaluates the use and usefulness of the 2014 iGL in the West Africa and current DRC Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreaks and identifies experiences and lessons learned from practitioners on the operational aspects of nutritional care and support in ETUs.

Methods
Key-informants (n=26), from 12 organizations (Non-Governmental Organizations, United Nations, Red Cross Red Crescent Movement) were interviewed who were actively engaged in the nutritional and/or clinical care of EVD patients.

Results
There was a consensus among key informants that the 2014 iGL initially served a guiding purpose. However, the vast amount of learning from the 2014-2016 and current EVD outbreaks indicates that the interim guidelines need to be revised. Practitioners struggled to find operational solutions for nutritional care, and the challenges were plentiful, especially regarding 1) the different perceptions of the importance of nutritional care among ETU staff; 2) the difficulties around food preparation and distribution for EVD patients; 3) how to take into account the patients’ dietary preferences; 4) the nutritional care needed in relation to specific EVD symptoms; 5) who assumed roles in nutritional care in ETUs; 6) if and how feeding support was organized; 7) whether malnutrition needed to be addressed and how; and 8) whether the intake of specific nutrients could contribute to improved treatment outcomes. Information from the key-informants interviews resulted in numerous lessons learned and recommendations for nutritional support during current and future outbreaks.

Conclusions
This investigation underscored the importance of documenting experiences of practitioners on nutritional care in emerging infectious diseases for which limited scientific evidence exists and for which interim guidelines are produced to fill in knowledge gaps. It also emphasized the importance of nutritional care in ETUs during treatment.
The Politics of Patriation: The Canada Act of March 1982
Authors: Polk Margaret
Published: November 2019

Abstract

This article explores the patriation of the Canadian Constitution through the lens of Anglo-Canadian relations. More than a mere legal technicality, the move to transfer the power to amend the Canadian Constitution from the parliament of the United Kingdom to Canada witnessed unexpected debate, as disagreements in Canada collided with British political developments, including devolution, Thatcherism and the end of empire. To fully explore this episode, the article first examines the shared experience of separatist movements in the 1970s. It then turns to analyse the rhetoric surrounding the constitutional crisis. This is followed by an examination of the various episodes in which the constitutional dramas weakened Anglo-Canadian relations, before considering how the Constitution became intertwined with critical political debates in both countries, in particular the politics of devolution and of Thatcherism, testing Margaret Thatcher’s leadership at a difficult time and forcing Pierre Trudeau to reconsider his ‘inclusive’ vision.
Languages Canada: The Paradoxes of Linguistic Inclusivity – Colonial/ Founding, Aboriginal and Immigrant language rights
Authors: Battarbee Keith
Published: November 2019

Abstract

This article approaches the question of inclusivity in contemporary Canadian society through the lens of official language policy. Although Canada has well-developed bilingual policies for English and French at the federal and provincial levels, the only jurisdictions which (at the time of writing) afford official language status to Aboriginal languages in addition to English and French are the Northwest Territories (nine First Nations and Inuit languages) and Nunavut (the Inuit language/s). The article situates the development of these territorial language policies within the contexts of Canadian history, the emergence of language policy more generally in Western societies, and the human rights revolution, and offers a tentative evaluation of them in terms of inclusivity, noting the paradox that inclusive recognition of the territories’ indigenous languages has not been extended to the immigrant languages, whose speakers partly outnumber the smaller Aboriginal-language communities, as well as the daunting problems faced in turning official recognition into practical implementation.
‘The fight on educating the public to equal treatment for all will have to come later’: Jewish Refugee Activism and Anti-Immigration Sentiment in Immediate Post-War Canada
Authors: Burgard Antoine
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Canadian immigration policy of the 1930s and 1940s was the most restrictive and selective in the country’s history, making it one of the countries to take the smallest number of Jewish refugees fleeing the Nazi persecution. After the war, Canada slowly opened its borders, but only through small token gestures in 1947 and 1948. This article explores how the main Canadian Jewish organization lobbied for the welcoming of more Jewish refugees and migrants in the immediate aftermath of the war. It examines how their perception of the public’s anti-Jewish immigrant sentiment and of the Canadian immigration policy’s discriminatory mechanisms informed their strategies. During that period, the Canadian Jewish Congress prioritized constant and subtle action with the government instead of trying to set up mass mobilization campaigns. This strategic shift is an overshadowed but essential chapter of both Jewish and human rights histories in Canada. This article invites a re-evaluation of Jewish activism’s role in ending ethnic selection in the Canadian immigration policy and promoting refugee rights. It contributes to broadening our understanding of how minority groups lobbied and worked with hostile media and authorities.
Thin or Thick Inclusiveness? The Constitutional Duty to Consult and Accommodate First Nations in Canada
Authors: Urquhart Ian
Published: November 2019

Abstract

What has the addition of aboriginal rights to the Canadian constitution in 1982 meant for the place of First Nations’ interests in the Canadian constitutional order? This article considers this question in the context of natural resource exploitation – specifically, the exploitation of the oil or tar sands in Alberta. It details some of the leading jurisprudence surrounding Section 35 of the Constitution Act 1982, the section of the Constitution recognizing existing aboriginal and treaty rights. Arguably, Section 35 represented an important effort to improve the status of aboriginal peoples in Canada, to enhance the extent to which Canada included and respected the values and interests of First Nations. The article specifically considers how the judicial interpretation of the Crown’s duty to consult and accommodate aboriginal peoples is related to the theme of inclusivity. It argues that the general thrust of judicial interpretation has promoted a thin, or procedural, version of inclusiveness rather than a substantive, or thicker, one. Such a thicker version of inclusiveness would be one in which the pace of oil sands exploitation is moderated or halted in order to allow First Nations to engage in traditional activities connected intimately with aboriginal and treaty rights.
PATIENT COMPLIANCE AND MOTIVATION FOR THE REHABILITATION OF PATIENTS WITH ACUTE SEREBROVASCULAR EVENT
Authors: Ovchinnikov Anatoly A , Sultanova Aklima N , Maksimenko Pavel A , Sarycheva Yuliya V , Shpiks Tatyana A
Published: November 2019

The aim of research was to study adherence to treatment and motivation for recovery in patients with stroke. It was revealed that with a low level of commitment, there is a strategy to avoid failures, low rates of social support and levels of achievement; a high level of adherence to treatment is shaped by the motivation to success, general internality, internality in the field of achievements. An important component in the success of the patient’s adherence to therapeutic recommendations is the human micro-social environment - family, friends, work colleagues, roommates, and others.
ANXIETY AND DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS IN PATIENTS WITH CRANIOCERVICAL DYSTONIA: CLINICAL AND ANAMNESTIC FEATURES AND MODIFYING ROLE OF BOTULINUM TOXIN THERAPY
Authors: Khaiatova Zifa G , Zalyalova Zuleikha A
Published: November 2019

The study included 54 patients with cranio-cervical dystonia, 38 (70.4%) of whom were women, 16 (29.6%) - men, mean age 49,8 ± 11,3 years. 32 patients were diagnosed with cervical dystonia, groups with blepharospasm and Meige’s syndrome included 11 patients respectively. All patients were screened by «Unified Dystonia Rating Scale» and those who had cervical dystonia also by «Toronto western spasmodic torticollis rating scale (TWSTRS)». Psychoemotional state in these patients was examined by Beck depression inventory (BDI) and Hamilton’s anxiety rating scale (HAM-A). Depression and anxiety occurrence and severity was evaluated, impact of different factors including Botulinum toxin treatment was observed. Results of the study confirmed that anxiety and depressive disorders are associated with craniocervical dystonia. Sex, localization of dystonia, disease duration, and satisfaction with the treatment do not affect significantly severity of anxiety and depression. Regular injections of Botulinum toxin significantly decrease severity of psychoemotional disorders in these patients.
NONCHEMICAL ADDICTIONS - ARE THESE «FAKE DIAGNOSES» OR STILL DISORDERS?
Authors: Egorov Alexey Y
Published: November 2019

The article discusses modern approaches to classification of nonchemical (behavioral) addictions on the example of Internet addiction (IA). The discussion around the inclusion of gaming disorders, including those implemented via the Internet in ICD-10 is analyzed. The general neurobiological and genetic mechanisms of the formation of all addictive disorders, both chemical and non-chemical, are shown. In order to develop standardized approaches to the treatment of IA, one should first of all determine which forms are nosological units - a disorder - according to the criteria of the ICD and DSM and on this basis to conduct evidence-based studies of the effectiveness of various therapeutic methods. In the course of the discussion, it is concluded that various forms of deviations and disorders can be called «fake», but nevertheless they will not disappear and people will not stop suffering from them.
THE USE OF SURFACTANTS WITH HARMFUL EFFECTS - FAKE-DIAGNOSIS
Authors: Kuznetsov Vladimir V
Published: November 2019

Fake nature of WHO version of ICD 10 is that it requires you to register use of SURFACTANTS with such harmful effects as mental and behavioural disorder, allowing you to diagnose it without such disorders. Applied in the Russian drug practice methodology for collection of primary statistical data resulted in the full identification of the concepts of «abuse» and «harmful use», that exacerbates a fake nature of diagnosis «Use of SURFACTANTS with harmful consequences».
Analysis of nuclear families with two and more diabetic siblings with insulin dependent condition
Authors: Domuschiev I. P. , Kuraeva T. L. , Sergeyev A. S. , Yazdovsky V. V. , Denisov L. N. , Maximova V. P. , Smirnova O. M. , Romanovskaya G. A.
Published: November 2019

HLA haplotype distribution was analyzed in nuclear families of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Sixteen families with two or more diabetic siblings were examined, a total of 69 subjects, 33 of these diabetic siblings and 36 normal subjects (siblings and parents). The data were processed using the involved sibling pairs method based on a mixed model making use of a conditional probability approach. The ratio of diabetic sibling pairs concordant by 2 haplotypes, 1 haplotype, and discordant by 2 haplotypes was 9:5:2 vs. 1:2:1 expected according to Mendels accidental distribution (p 0.025). Increased incidence of siblings concordant by 2 haplotypes proves the presence in the HLA domain of one or several genes responsible for the development of diabetes mellitus. Siblings identical by two HLA haplotypes with the diabetic proband are at a higher risk of developing this disease.
Specific features of adaptation of the newborns born of mothers with endemic goiter
Authors: Zeltser M. Ye. , Chuvakova T. K. , Mezinova N. N. , Bazarbekova R. B. , Kobzar N. N. , Nurbekova A. A. , Akyshbayev A. A. , Kurmanova A. K. , Zhubanysheva K. B. , Kiam G. G.
Published: November 2019

Relationships between chronic iodine deficiency and, among other things, endemic goiter in women and adaptation of their babies in the early neonatal period were studied. A total of 125 women with endemic goiter of the Ist-IInd degrees and their newborns were examined. The diagnosis of endemic goiter was verified by the findings of an objective examination, ultrasonic examination, and puncture biopsy of the thyroid. Blood levels of triiodothyronine and thyroxin were measured in the women on days 3-4 postpartum. In the newborns Apgar score, body mass and length at birth, degree of maturity, physiologic body mass loss, duration of the icteric syndrome, time of umbilical cord drop off, and immunity status from the data of NBT test were assessed. Forty-five women without goiter and their newborns were controls. Postpartum measurements of triiodothyronine and thyroxin levels in the blood of patients with endemic goiter brought the authors to a conclusion that subclinical hypothyrosis was characteristic of them. Adaptation processes in the early neonatal period were found disordered in the newborns of mothers with endemic goiter. This manifested by a higher, vs. controls, incidence of asphyxia, hypotrophy, signs of the CNS involvement, and respiratory distress syndrome. Initial body mass recovery, disappearance of the icteric syndrome, umbilical cord loss were delayed in these newborns in comparison with the controls, and statistically reliable deviations in their immune status were revealed.