bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Retropubic Radical Prostatectomy and Immediate Continence
Authors: Simonato A. , Galli S. , Romagnoli A. , Traverso P. , Pizzorno R. , Corbu C. , Carmignani G.
Published: October 2018

Aim

Temporary urinary incontinence after removing the catheter in patients who have undergone radical prostatectomy is commonly accepted and considered inevitable. Detailed information can be found in literature regarding continence at 3, 6 and 12 months after operation, but few reports mention the immediate results upon removing the catheter. We have collected together data from our patients regarding continence upon removal of the catheter, in order to assess this important aspect.

Materials and methods

Between November ‘94 and August ‘98, 156 patients underwent retropubic radical prostatectomy for histologically diagnosed prostatic adenocarcinoma (average age 65 years, range 49–74). Out of 156 patients, the bladder neck was removed in 72 (46%) (RCV), in 43 (28%) the bladder neck circular fibres (CCV) were preserved and in 41 (26%) a new technique was used to anatomically dissect the bladder-prostate junction, preserving the mucous of the prostatic urethra (CUP). Continence immediately after removal of the catheter was assessed in all patients in orthostatism and under stress by filling the bladder with 150 cc of saline solution.

Results

Upon removal of the catheter, 59/130 patients (45.5%) were perfectly continent. Of these 26/72 (36%) had undergone ample removal of the bladder neck, the bladder neck circular fibres were spared in 18/43 (43%), whilst the proximal tract of the prostatic urethra had been preserved in 26/41 (63%). There was infiltration of the bladder neck in 11/156 patients (7%), none of whom had the bladder neck circular fibres or the end section of the prostatic urethra spared.

Conclusions

Our experience shows that in correctly selected patients, if the bladder neck circular fibres and the proximal tract of the prostatic urethra are preserved, the possibility of immediate continence is high without increasing the oncological risk.
Heterologous Dermal Graft (Alloderm) after Plaque Excision in Peyronie'S Disease. First Experience
Authors: Paradiso M. , Sedigh O. , Formiconi A. , Volpe A. , Ferrando U. , Pippione M. , Soltaninassab S.
Published: October 2018

Several reconstructive surgical techniques have been developed for correction of penile curvature in Peyronie's disease. In some cases plaque excision and grafting with various autologous tissues or synthetic material are performed. Autologous dermal graft is the most commonly used. Today a cadaveric dermal allograft as fully decellularized dermal matrix is available (AlloDerm). This clinical study evaluated the capacity of AlloDerm allograft dermal matrix to function as a permanent dermal transplant and potentially enhance the quality of grafts applied to penile albuginea defect after plaque excision in five patients with Peyronie's disease. Biopsy specimens were obtained from 2 patients at 4 months to test revascularization and adherence of the graft.
Acute Spontaneous Rupture of Retroperitoneal Extrarenal Angiomyolipoma
Authors: Butti A. , Invernizzi S. , Cappoli S. , Locatelli G. , Librizzi A. , Bonacina P. , Sabadini L. , Pozza D.
Published: October 2018

The authors report a case of retroperitoneal extrarenal angiomyolipoma, an exceptional finding, and discuss the aetiological possibilities of such disease.
Treatment of Ureteral Stones: Intracorporeal Or Extracorporeal Lithotripsy?
Authors: Merlo F. , Cicerello E. , Maccatrozzo L , Fandella A. , Faggiano L. , Anselmo G.
Published: October 2018

Over the last 15 years the treatment of ureteral stones has been considerably revolutionised thanks to new, less invasive technologies compared to traditional surgery. The urologist is, however, faced with a dilemma: whether to cure the patient with easy-to-perform extracorporeal lithotripsy (ESWL) without anesthesia in Day Surgery, but which often requires more than one session to clear the stones completely, or to carry out ureteroscopy and intracorporeal lithotripsy, which resolves most cases in just one treatment but is more invasive in that it requires general anesthesia and hospitalisation. The authors present their experience and compare the two methods.
Local-Regional Recurrence of Renal Cell Carcinoma following Nephrectomy. Our Experience
Authors: Fandella A. , Maccatrozzo L. , Merlo F. , Faggiano L. , Checchin P. , Tuccitto G. , Mangano M. , Cicerello E. , Drago-Ferrante G.L. , Anselmo G.
Published: October 2018

Introduction

Locally recurrent renal cell carcinoma (RCC) after nephrectomy is uncommon (1.3% of our cases) and prognosis is poor. There is as yet no standard treatment, but radical surgery is classed by many authors as the best therapeutic approach given the relative ineffectiveness of chemo-immunotherapy and radiotherapy. The surgical approach and follow-up protocol that we adopt are described.

Materials and methods

Between January 1985 and December 1996, 7 patients (2 M - 5 F; mean age 63 - range 47–72), nephrectomised for RCC, underwent further surgery of the homolateral renal cavity. The stage of the primary neoplasm was pT3G3N0 in 3 patients, pT3G2N0 in 2, pT3G1N0 in 1 and pT2G2N0 in 1. Recurrence appeared on average at 30 months (12–84), with a diameter varying between 14 to 40 mm. Patients were staged again by median laparotomic access; no remote metastases were found. Three patients received adjuvant therapy with biological response modulators.

Results

Histological results confirmed recurrence of the primitive tumour in all cases and metastatised lymph node tissue was found in just one case. Four patients were still alive (2 disease-free, 2 with lung and multi-organ metastases respectively) after a mean follow-up of 24 months (15–54) following removal of the local recurrence. Two patients died at 13 and 27 months after surgery due to progression of the disease, whilst 1 patient died from uncorrelated pathology after 30 months. Of the above 4 live patients, 3 developed a single metastasis at 5, 8 and 21 months after treatment of the first local recurrence and underwent further radical surgery (2 in the pelvic pouch, 1 vaginal). They also received adjuvant therapy with biological response modulators after the 2nd operation. The disease progressed, however, and only 1 patient is alive with multiple metastasis.

Conclusions

Surgery of local recurrences of RCC presents no particular difficulties, whilst allowing excellent control of the neoplasm and survival free from advancing diseases. The role that adiuvant therapy (immunomodulators) plays is not yet certain, but could be associated with surgical removal, considering the possible co-existence of micrometastases that cannot clinically be shown.
Study on the Influence of the “Learning Curve” in Percutaneous Surgery Complications
Authors: Zucconelli R. , Belmonte P. , Scialpi P. , Zanon M. , Di Meglio G. , Fiaccavento G.
Published: October 2018

In order to check how the learning curve of the method influenced complications in percutaneous surgery, we analysed two distinct periods of time during which the same operator accomplished 166 and 61 percutaneous procedures. We evaluated the results, stressing minor and major complications as well as final outcomes. Improvements in surgical technique were proved by a reduction in both operating time and hospital charge, and by better endopyelotomy results. Failure to improve PCNL results is due to the increased presence of staghom calculi in the second period (43.3% vs 32.7%).
The Effect of Age of Initiation of Cannabis Use on Psychosis, Depression, and Anxiety among Youth under 25 Years
Authors: Hosseini Shera , Oremus Mark
Published: October 2018

Objectives:

This study was conducted to review the current state of evidence on the association between age of initiation of cannabis use and symptoms of psychosis, depression, or anxiety among youth under 25 years of age.

Methods:

We conducted a systematic review of articles published prior to March 2018 by searching OVID MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE, and the references of included studies. We included comparative studies (cohort, case-control, cross-sectional) that reported on cannabis use in persons <25 years of age (exposure) and symptoms of psychosis, depression, or anxiety (outcome). We narratively synthesized the studies according to design (cohort, etc.) and psychiatric outcome. We used the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale to assess risk of bias.

Results:

Of the 534 citations identified through the literature search, 23 met the eligibility criteria and were included in this review. With psychosis as the outcome, all except one study found that earlier cannabis use was generally associated with higher risks. With depression/anxiety as the outcome, 6 of the 11 included studies reported findings indicating that earlier use of cannabis was linked to higher symptom levels.

Conclusion:

In persons <25 years old, greater cannabis use is associated with more psychological symptoms, especially among those with a predisposition or existing vulnerability to such outcomes (Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine level 3 or 4). Policy makers need to consider the adverse effects of cannabis use in youth when planning a public health approach to cannabis legalization.
Waste of electrical and electronic equipment: Trends and awareness among youths in Lithuania
Authors: Dagiliūtė Renata , Zabulionis Deividas , Sujetovienė Gintarė , Žaltauskaitė Jūratė
Published: October 2018

Waste of electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) has gained significant attention recently because of increasing consumption and related environmental impacts. This work focuses on Lithuania and analyses the trends of WEEE generation and management during the period 2008–2015. Attitudes and behaviour of students and pupils (main future consumers) regarding WEEE are also determined in this work. The analysis shows that the generation and collection of WEEE in Lithuania have been on the rise since the global economic crisis. In total, approximately 16260 metric tonnes of WEEE were collected in 2015 in Lithuania. Most of the collected WEEE consisted of large home appliances and information technology and telecommunication equipment. In addition, the survey highlights that some small WEEE is still discarded together with municipal waste. Results also report that there is a need for more information about WEEE as such, as well as the need for more collection points and possibly a refund system. The study suggests that those aspects could be of importance for the efficiency of WEEE management systems and related policy implementation.
Taking it from the team: Assessments of bias and credibility in team-operated sports media
Authors: Mirer Michael , Duncan Megan A. , Wagner Michael W.
Published: October 2018

Team- and league-operated media play a growing role in the sports media system. Few have looked at how audiences perceive the credibility of in-house content, which regularly mimics traditional sports journalism. An experimental analysis finds that even among fans, independent media content is rated more credible than that produced in-house. Fans view stories accusing their team of wrongdoing as biased even as they find them credible.
The roles and functions of opinion journalists
Authors: Kelling Kimberly , Thomas Ryan J.
Published: October 2018

Opinion is a prominent, yet understudied, aspect of American journalism. The lack of empirical research on opinion journalists is problematic because it means little is known about the roles of these journalists. This study builds on recent journalistic role research to identify which roles and functions of journalism are most applicable to opinion journalists. A nationwide survey revealed that opinion journalists identify the monitorial and participatory roles as most important to their work.
The Trafficking Continuum: Service Providers’ Perspectives on Vulnerability, Exploitation, and Trafficking
Authors: Schwarz Corinne , Alvord Daniel , Daley Dorothy , Ramaswamy Megha , Rauscher Emily , Britton Hannah
Published: October 2018

Much of the research on human trafficking focuses on the prosecution of traffickers and protection of survivors after the crime has occurred. Less is known about the social disparities that make someone vulnerable to trafficking. This project examines human trafficking from a preventive focus, using data from a case study of service providers working with at-risk populations in the Kansas City, MO-KS area. The research team conducted 42 in-depth interviews with service providers working in the medical, educational, legal, and social services sectors from 2013 to 2016. Participants identified risk factors that could make someone vulnerable to labor or sexual exploitation. These factors clustered into four key areas: economic insecurity, housing insecurity, education, and migration. The research findings also suggest that human trafficking may be driven by an accumulation of risk factors that move vulnerable persons closer to labor exploitation and sex trafficking, fitting with a chain-of-risk model. We propose a model that reconceives of trafficking as a continuum that includes a range of vulnerabilities, violence, and traumas. In order to address human trafficking, policy makers and advocates need to focus on upstream prevention factors to address vulnerabilities that can lead to sex and labor exploitation.
Theory of action accounts of problem-solving: How a Japanese school communicates student incidents to parents
Authors: Hannah Darren , Sinnema Claire , Robinson Viviane
Published: October 2018

The importance of trust in institutions in Japan is a common theme that emerges from literature on Japanese institutions. This article presents a problem-based methodology investigation into a Japanese educational institution, and how a Japanese educational leader deals with student incidents. A theory of action detailing strategies chosen in that institution for communicating student incidents to parents, a set of constraints that explains how those strategies came to be chosen, and the likely consequences of those strategies is described. Our analysis reveals that the goal of maintaining relationships and avoiding conflict with parents in order to maintain trust in the institution drive decisions about how to communicate with parents about student incidents. However, we conclude that the chosen strategies are unlikely to achieve the desired ends. We conclude by proposing an alternative theory of action that is more likely to achieve the stated aims of the school leader.
An experimental and simulation study of impact resistance in sandwich structures casing
Authors: Yang Shuyi , Chen Cang , Liu Guiwen
Published: October 2018

As the main force component on the aeroengine, casing is one of bases of the whole aeroengine, but it is extremely difficult to analyze the capacity of aeroengine casing impact resistance. An experimental and simulation study of impact resistance has been conducted on sandwich structures casing with aluminum honeycombs to identify and improve aeroengine casing impact resistance. Firstly, a Rent–Ipson model has been applied to analyze the energy of broken blades with impacting casing. Based on a sensing test technology, the experimental research on the impact of aluminum honeycomb sandwich panel with a conical head shape bullet and a hemispherical head shape bullet have been carried out. The experimental results provide a basis for subsequent simulation research. Then the impact resistance have been compared and analyzed from single structure casing, double layer structure casing, and sandwich structure casing, according to their loss of blade kinetic energy, casing deformation, and the variation of casing internal energy. Finally, the variation of energy has been discussed during blade impacting casing with various oblique angles. Our results show that the impact resistance of sandwich structure casing is better than single structure casing and double layer structure casing. Most importantly, the impact resistance of casing has been improved with the increase of blade impact oblique angle.
Numerical investigation of Gurney flap influences on aerodynamic performance of a pitching airfoil in low Reynolds number flow
Authors: Naderi Alireza , Beiki Alireza , Tarvirdizadeh Bahram
Published: October 2018

The main purpose of present work is to investigate the aerodynamic performance of a pitching NACA 0012 airfoil equipped with a Gurney flap in flow with low Reynolds number. The aerodynamic influences of flap location, mounting angle, and height are numerically studied. In this regard, a Lagrangian–Eulerian pressure-based numerical algorithm is developed on hybrid grids attached to a pitching solid boundary. A finite volume-based finite element method is used to discretize the governing equations. As reported in previously related studies, this unified algorithm could be used to solve the unsteady incompressible flow in domains with moving mesh and/or moving boundary with sufficient robustness and accuracy. The other advantage of this algorithm is that it does not need any type of dissipation term and/or damping function. Using this unified algorithm, the numerical experiments indicate that the Gurney flap increases the lift and drag coefficients and enhances the aerodynamic efficiency. The best aerodynamic performance is predicted for the case in which the flap is located at trailing edge with the mounting angle of 90°. The flap height is predicted to have different and most impacts on aerodynamic efficiency during upstroke and downstroke. The numerical results show that the airfoils equipped by flaps with height between 6% and 12% of the airfoil chord are the most aerodynamically efficient airfoils. Changing of lift and drag coefficients are due to increase of effective camber and thickness in all cases.
Toilets for tenants: a cooperative approach to sanitation bye-law enforcement in Ga West, Accra
Authors: Antwi-Agyei Prince , Monney Isaac , Dwumfour-Asare Bismark , Cavill Sue
Published: October 2018

Many cities have bye-laws that require landlords to provide acceptable sanitation for tenants. Yet landlords fail to provide these facilities and the bye-laws are seldom enforced. This paper provides evidence from low-income urban communities in the Ga West Municipality of Accra, Ghana on the barriers to both toilet provision and bye-law enforcement, drawing on household surveys with landlords and tenants, focus group discussions, and key informant interviews. The key constraints to household toilet construction were found to be the lack of capital, limited space, and availability of nearby public toilets. Barriers to bye-law enforcement included the lack of both financial resources and incentives for the regulator. A simple negotiation game involving landlords, tenants and the regulator was organized, and the agreements reached were used to design a cooperative approach to bye-law enforcement for toilet construction.
Culture and the popular: Introduction to essays in memory of Brian Rigby
Authors: Kelly Michael
Published: October 2018

This article introduces the special number of French Cultural Studies commemorating the role of Brian Rigby as the journal’s first Managing Editor. It situates his contribution in the emergence of cultural history and French cultural studies during the rapid expansion of higher education from the 1960s in France, the UK, the US and other countries. It suggests that these new areas of study saw cultural activities in a broader social context and opened the way to a wider understanding of culture, in which popular culture played an increasingly important part. It argues that the study of popular culture can illuminate some of the most mundane experiences of everyday life, and some of the most challenging. It can also help to understand the rapidly changing cultural environment in which our daily lives are now conducted.
Non-destructive evaluation of wood stiffness and fiber coarseness, derived from SilviScan data, via near infrared hyperspectral imaging
Authors: Ma Te , Inagaki Tetsuya , Tsuchikawa Satoru
Published: October 2018

Near infrared hyperspectral imaging combined with partial least squares regression analysis was used to evaluate wood stiffness (modulus of elasticity) and fiber coarseness. Five samples with normal wood and compression wood collected from two Japanese Cedar ( Cryptomeria japonica) trees were analyzed. To achieve high reliability of the prediction values, a SilviScan system (X-ray densitometry, X-ray diffractometry, and optical microscopy) with the high spatial resolution was used for measuring reference data. The measurement interval for modulus of elasticity and fiber coarseness was 1 mm and 25 µm, respectively. After spectral pre-treatment and key wavelengths selection, partial least squares analysis was applied to calibrate near infrared data to reference values. The determination coefficient ( RCV2) of modulus of elasticity was 0.66 with a root mean square error of cross validation (RMSECV) of 1.80 GPa. For the constructed fiber coarseness calibration model, RCV2 and RMSECV were 0.62 and 35.02 µm/g, respectively. Finally, modulus of elasticity and fiber coarseness mapping results show detailed information (156 µm/pixel) at the grown ring level. The differences among earlywood, latewood, and compression wood were all well identifiable.
Bioethics after Brexit: An opportunity to rationalize bioethics governance in the United Kingdom
Authors: Montgomery Jonathan
Published: October 2018

This article considers the shape of bioethics governance in Europe, noting the interplay between the institutions and laws of the Union and those of the Council of Europe. It reviews the structures of UK bioethics governance and identifies weaknesses that Brexit provides an opportunity to address. It notes the ambiguous relationship of UK bioethicists with European institutions and discusses the importance of soft power. It explores what the United Kingdom should do to maintain its influence. It advocates, first, improved coordination of governance organizations within the United Kingdom. Second, a more strategic approach to ‘soft power’ and UK involvement with international organizations, both within the European region and more widely. Finally, it proposes that the United Kingdom become a signatory to the Oviedo Convention in order to consolidate its connections with European values. These steps are suggested as mitigation for the loss of influence that Brexit might otherwise bring.
Special Category State Uttarakhand: How Inclusive is the Growth Process?
Authors: Suryanarayana M. H. , Mamgain Rajendra P.
Published: October 2018

Uttarakhand attained the status of the 27th state of the Republic of India to secure its independent pursuit of growth and development. This article identifies the dimensions and defines some measures and parameters of inclusive growth for a state in a federation. It examines the growth profile and outcomes for Uttarakhand: It finds empirical evidence of a growth process which is inclusive with respect to the national mainstream. However, the socio-economic and regional profiles of development outcomes by rural and urban sectors do not show such a comforting scenario for the process within the state. The state has a long way to go in pursuit of an inclusive growth process within.
India’s Accommodation in the Emerging International Order: Challenges and Prospects
Authors: Chandra Vikash
Published: October 2018

This article has two-fold goals: to develop a coherent concept of accommodation and explicate variable shaping the process of accommodation; and to analyse and evaluate the challenges and prospects of India’s accommodation in the emerging international order. It defines accommodation as a ‘state strategy’ and ‘process’. It figures out six determinants viz. the sphere of influence, structural variables, convergence/divergence of national interest, perception and intention towards the international order, political and socio-cultural values, and costs of non- accommodation. Instead of addressing the process of accommodation from accommodation-seekers’ perspective, the article investigates the issue from accommodators’ perspective. Therefore, rather than describing traditional foundations of India’s claim of accommodation, i.e. population, territory, military, and democracy, it illustrates conditions under which the established power accommodate rising powers. By comparing and contrasting India’s interests, principles, and values vis-à-vis the USA and China, it demonstrates how differing strategic calculations, economic and commercial interests and divergence in political socio-cultural norms and values, China is posing or may pose challenges to India’s accommodation. It suggests that India needs to strike a balance between the declining America and rising China. It will have to learn how not to turn China from an adversary to an enemy. A prudent strategy for India will be to balance China, however, in the non-military, i.e. diplomatic, political and economic realms. Nevertheless, the engagement dimension should not be marginalised, actual or even perceived.
Aid for Trade and Recipient Countries’ Export Structure: Does Trade Policy Liberalisation Matter?
Authors: Gnangnon Sèna Kimm
Published: October 2018

This article investigates the effect of aid-for-trade (AfT) inflows on beneficiary-countries’ export structure. It additionally examines whether this effect depends on recipient-countries’ level of trade policy liberalisation. Export structure is measured by the ratio of exports of low-skilled and technology-intensive manufactures to total primary export products (LOW), the ratio of exports of medium-skilled and technology-intensive manufactures to total primary export products (MEDIUM) and the ratio of exports of high-skilled and technology-intensive manufactures to total primary export products (HIGH). The analysis has been carried out using an unbalanced panel data set of 121 countries (of which 41 least-developed countries [LDCs]) over the period 2002–2015. Using the two-step generalised methods of moments (GMM) approach, the empirical results show that AfT inflows exert a positive and significant impact on recipient countries’ export ratios LOW and HIGH, but not on the MEDIUM export ratio. For LDCs, AfT inflows influence positively LOW and negatively MEDIUM and HIGH. Furthermore, for both the full sample and LDCs, there is a strong positive effect of the cumulative AfT inflows on the three export ratios. Finally, the effect of AfT inflows on export ratios appears to be dependent on the degree of trade policy liberalisation.

JEL: F13, F14, F35, O24
Four Quatrains for improving mental health and well-being in the law
Authors: Clarke Andrew
Published: October 2018

This article looks briefly at two famous judges, Lord Bowen in the 19th century and Sir Owen Dixon in the 20th century and asks what made them somewhat lugubrious about studying law? The article makes four suggestions for improving the mental health and well-being of the profession: these are mentoring, pro-bono work, ethical training and creative opportunities. These four pervasive ‘law plus’ areas of endeavour, or quatrains, which form part of the literature on legal professional wellness, could be pervasively woven into the law school curriculum. These elements could likewise unite the various stages between education, training and professional development.
Depressive Symptoms as a Predictor of Men’s Relationship Satisfaction
Authors: Meyer Dixie , Kemper-Damm Breanna , Parola Federico , Salas Joanne
Published: October 2018

Research supports an association between depressive symptoms and reduced relationship satisfaction. Yet the etiology of this relationship is unclear. The purpose of this study was to examine individual and partner influence on relationship satisfaction and depressive symptoms. We assessed whether romantic partners ( N = 84) reported similar depressive states and whether relationship satisfaction was influenced by partner and/or individual depressive symptoms. Partners had similar levels of depressive symptoms and relationship satisfaction. Actor–partner interdependence models demonstrated no partner effects of depressive symptoms on relationship satisfaction. However, there was an actor effect such that men’s depressive symptoms predicted their own relationship satisfaction; thus, how they perceive the romantic relationship. Couples counseling may be an effective form of treatment for individuals suffering from depressive symptoms to include partner support and to unravel how depressive symptoms may interfere with relationship perceptions.
A Content Analysis of Adoption Articles in Counseling Journals: A 30-Year Review
Authors: Liu Yanhong , Jacoby Rachel P. , Jang Hansori , Li Dan
Published: October 2018

This rigorous content analysis offers a systematic review of adoption research in counseling from 1988 to 2017. A total of 45 ( N = 45) articles on adoption across 13 counseling journals, 20 of which were published in The Family Journal, were analyzed. Results of the study revealed patterns in methodological orientations, target group, content areas, and journal and publication trends. Despite an overall increase in publications on adoption 1988–2017, this content analysis manifested a lack of empirical research on adoption within the context of counseling. Themes related to adoption and counseling practice were identified. Implications for family counselors/clinicians and research were discussed.
A Practical Guide to the Management of the Fetus and Newborn With Hemophilia
Authors: Moorehead Paul C. , Chan Anthony K. C. , Lemyre Brigitte , Winikoff Rochelle , Scott Heather , Hawes Sue Ann , Shroff Manohar , Thomas Aidan , Price Victoria E.
Published: October 2018

Newborns with hemophilia are at risk of intracranial hemorrhage, extracranial hemorrhage, and other bleeding complications. The safe delivery of a healthy newborn with hemophilia is a complex process that can begin even before conception, and continues throughout pregnancy, birth, and the newborn period. This process involves the expectant parents and a wide variety of health-care professionals: genetic counselors, obstetricians, neonatologists, pediatricians, radiologists, adult and pediatric hematologists, and nurses with expertise in hemophilia. Because of this multidisciplinary complexity, the relative rarity of births of newborns with hemophilia, and the lack of high-quality evidence to inform decisions, there is considerable variation in practice in this area. We present a comprehensive multidisciplinary approach, from preconception counseling to discharge planning after birth, and describe available options for management decisions. We highlight a number of areas of important uncertainty and controversy, including the preferred mode of delivery, the appropriate use and timing of neuroimaging tests, and the appropriate use of clotting factor concentrates in the newborn period. While the approach presented here will aid clinicians in planning and providing care, further research is required to optimize the care of newborns with hemophilia.
Biomarker Profiling in Stage 5 Chronic Kidney Disease Identifies the Relationship between Angiopoietin-2 and Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Bontekoe Jack , Lee Justin , Bansal Vinod , Syed Mushabbar , Hoppensteadt Debra , Maia Paula , Walborn Amanda , Liles Jeffrey , Brailovsky Eugene , Fareed Jawed
Published: October 2018

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is prevalent in nearly 27% of patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis (CKD5-HD), suggesting a strong association between these 2 pathologies. It is hypothesized that the relationship between these 2 diseases may be mediated by inflammation. Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), a pro-inflammatory biomarker of endothelial instability, inflammation, and vascular remodeling, is elevated in CKD5-HD and AF, yet has not been evaluated in patients with concomitant AF and CKD5-HD. The aim of this study is to analyze circulating levels of inflammatory and thrombotic biomarkers in patients with concomitant AF and CKD5-HD. Plasma levels of Ang-2 were measured via sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method in CKD5-HD patients (n = 96), patients with AF (n = 38), and controls (n = 50). Angiopoietin-2 was markedly elevated in CKD5-HD with comorbid AF as compared to CKD5-HD alone, and AF alone, respectively (13.05 ± 1.56 vs 9.57 ± 0.71 ng/mL; P = .00169; vs 2.48 ± 0.57 ng/mL; P < .0001). The results of this study suggest an additive effect of Ang-2 with coexistence of AF and CKD5-HD, which may be useful in the detection of AF within this patient population.
Interface integral technique for the thermoelasticity of random structure matrix composites
Authors: Buryachenko Valeriy A
Published: October 2018

We consider linear thermoelastic composite media, which consist of a homogeneous matrix containing a statistically homogeneous random set of aligned homogeneous heterogeneities of non-canonical (i.e. non-ellipsoidal) shape. The representations of the effective properties (effective moduli, thermal expansion, and stored energy) are expressed through the statistical averages of the interface polarization tensors introduced apparently for the first time. The properties of the interface polarization tensors are described. The new general integral equations connecting the stress and strain fields in the point being considered with the stress and strain fields in the surrounding points are obtained for the random fields of heterogeneities. The method is based on a recently developed centering procedure where the notion of a perturbator is introduced in terms of boundary interface integrals estimated by the method of fundamental solution for a single inclusion inside the infinite matrix. This enables us to reconsider basic concepts of micromechanics such as effective field hypothesis, quasi-crystalline approximation, and the hypothesis of “ellipsoidal symmetry.” Effective properties (such as effective moduli, thermal expansion, and stored energy) as well as the first statistical moments of stresses in the phases are estimated for statistically homogeneous composites with the general case of the inclusion shape. The results of this reconsideration are quantitatively estimated for some modeled statistically homogeneous composites reinforced by aligned homogeneous heterogeneities of non-canonical shape. The explicit new representations of the effective thermoelastic properties and stress concentration factor are expressed through some building blocks ( perturbators) described by numerical solutions for one heterogeneity inside the infinite medium subjected to the homogeneous remote loading. Some new effects are detected that are impossible in the framework of a classical background of micromechanics.
Long-term survival in six cats with mediastinal cysts
Authors: Camero Corrine M , Neumann Zachary L , Garrett Laura D
Published: October 2018

Case series summary

Mediastinal cysts were diagnosed as incidental findings in six cats evaluated for non-thoracic disease, including staging for historical bladder leiomyosarcoma, flea dermatitis and hairballs, and hyperthyroidism. Radiographically, the cysts appeared as soft tissue opacities cranial to the heart. Ultrasound revealed the masses to be thin-walled, single lumen, anechoic, fluid-filled structures. One cat also had thoracic and abdominal CT performed for cancer staging; the CT revealed a well-defined, fluid-attenuating mass without peripheral contrast enhancement in the cranial mediastinum. Fine-needle aspiration confirmed acellular fluid consistent with a cyst in five cases; in one case the cyst ruptured during aspiration and no fluid was obtained. Post-aspiration, all masses were no longer visible with ultrasound or radiographs. No treatment was recommended for the cysts. Long-term follow-up (2–9 years post-diagnosis) was available in all six cats. The cysts recurred in five cats but were never associated with clinical signs.

Relevance and novel information

Mediastinal cysts are an important benign differential for cranial mediastinal masses in cats. Treatment for the cysts does not appear to be indicated. This series also includes the first CT description of this clinical entity.
Tools for managing feline problem behaviours: Owner understanding and involvement
Authors: Halls Vicky
Published: October 2018

Practical relevance:

Good communication skills are at the heart of best practice for veterinarians and behaviourists (be they veterinarians/nurses/technicians with specialist behaviour training and qualifications or clinical animal behaviourists). Hence gaining an understanding of how to engage clients to become involved in their pets’ treatment, both medical and behavioural, is relevant to all who work in this field.

Clinical challenges:

Poor communication skills can be responsible for owners’ lack of compliance regarding both medical treatment and implementation of behavioural protocols.

Evidence base:

Much of the evidence-based information on effective communication comes from the fields of human psychology and psychotherapy, human medicine and business, with only a limited amount coming from the veterinary field. Therefore, some opinions expressed in this article are based on the author’s experience of treating cases in a cat-specific behaviour referral practice over the past 20 years and her work as a humanistic counsellor.

Audience:

Any veterinarians, veterinary nurses or technicians who are involved in the diagnosis or treatment of problem feline behaviour in practice would benefit from knowledge of what promotes and also hinders owner understanding and involvement.
Free vibration and buckling analysis of composite sandwich plates in thermal environment
Authors: Zhai Yanchun , Su Jianmin , Liang Sen
Published: October 2018

In this work, a first-order discrete layer model is performed to deal with the free vibration and buckling analysis of composite sandwich plates in thermal environment. Owing to considering the effect of rotary inertias and shear deformation, thin-to-moderately thick shells can be analyzed. The differential equations of motion are derived from Hamilton’s principle, and account for the nonlinear variation of the in-plane and transverse displacements through the thickness due to temperature variation. These equations are solved by means of the closed-form Navier method, and validated by comparing the numerical results obtained by the present method with the findings published in literatures. Finally, the variation tendency of critical buckling temperature with material parameters is evaluated and shown graphically.
Nonlinear thermo-mechanical behaviour of soft core sandwich panels – Creep effects
Authors: Hamed Ehab , Frostig Yeoshua
Published: October 2018

Sandwich panels can be subjected to significant changes in ambient temperature, which develop and sustain over certain time periods and lead to creep of the core material, and consequently to changes in the internal stresses and deformations with time. This paper deals with this issue with focus on the geometrically nonlinear aspects of structural behaviour. A theoretical model is developed, which combines the concepts of the principle of superposition of viscoelasticity, with the high-order sandwich theory (HSAPT), and the temperature dependency of the viscoelastic material properties. The nonlinear HSAPT formulation accounts for the deformability of the core in shear and through its thickness and it is based on large displacement kinematics of the face sheets. The convolution integral of viscoelasticity is converted into a rheological generalized Maxwell model after the expansion of the relaxation moduli into Prony series with temperature-dependence terms, which enables the solution of the governing equations through an incremental step-by-step time analysis without the need to store the response history. The capabilities of the model are demonstrated through numerical examples. It is shown that the creep of the core material can lead to bifurcation buckling of the sandwich panel under sustained temperatures that are smaller than the critical temperature obtained under an instantaneous increase of temperature.
One-stage lipectomy superficialization of deep cephalic veins in comparison with secondary lipectomy in arteriovenous dialysis fistula
Authors: Elbarbary Ahmed Hussieny
Published: October 2018

Objective:

Lipectomy is an acceptable method of cephalic vein superficialization in hemodialysis arteriovenous fistula. However, limiting it to be a secondary procedure may prolong time between fistula creation and successful cannulation posing more risk of central venous catheter use.

Aim:

The aim of this study is to evaluate primary surgical lipectomy performed at the time of arteriovenous fistula creation in comparison with secondary lipectomy.

Patients and methods:

Between June 2015 and January 2017, 59 adult end-stage renal disease patients were allocated non-randomly to group I, 35 patients had arteriovenous fistula with primary lipectomy of forearm or arm deep cephalic veins, and group II, 24 patients who had secondary lipectomy of deep forearm or arm cephalic veins after primary arteriovenous fistula.

Results:

Mean body mass index was 28.2 ± 3.2 kg/m2 versus 29.4 ± 2.5 kg/m2 in group I versus II, respectively. Mean time from fistula creation to cannulation was 6 ± 0.5 weeks in group I versus 14.5 ± 5.5 weeks in group II (p < 0.0001*). Immediate technical success was achieved in all cases in both groups. Clinical success was 94.29% (33/35) versus 91.67% (22/24) in group I versus II, respectively. Cumulative 1-year primary patency rate was 88% in primary and 86.47% in secondary lipectomy; p = 0.842.

Conclusion:

Lipectomy is a minimally invasive procedure carried out through small incision(s). Primary and secondary lipectomy procedures have few complications, and acceptable technical and clinical success rates. Primary lipectomy has the advantage to hasten fistula use and diminish central venous catheter dependency.
Priorities and Challenges Accessing Health Care Among Female Migrants
Authors: Lattof Samantha R , Coast Ernestina , Leone Tiziana
Published: October 2018

Women’s ability to access health care requires access to and control of resources as well as the ability to make personal health decisions. Female migrants may experience additional challenges in accessing health care due to marginalization and vulnerability resulting from both their gender and their migrant status. Rural-to-urban migrant women working in the informal sector, such as Ghana’s head porters ( kayayei), experience exclusion from the health system, risk of being uninsured, and poor health outcomes. Kayayei’s survival needs (eg, food, water) and a need to provide for their families can mean that migrant kayayei avoid health care expenses for illnesses or injuries. To ensure equal access to health care for migrant and non-migrant populations, health insurance is crucial. Yet, improving access to health care and service uptake requires more than health insurance. Incorporating culturally appropriate care into the provision of health services, or even developing specific migrant-friendly health services, could improve health service uptake and health awareness among migrants. Public health systems should also take account of migrants’ financial situations and priorities in the design and delivery of health services.
Cultural psychology for a new era of citizenship politics
Authors: Ellis Basia D , Bhatia Sunil
Published: October 2018

In the current era of citizenship politics, both legal citizenship and cultural citizenship have become highly contested social categories and new bases for social discrimination. Psychological studies of migration thus need to consider more explicitly how shifting sociopolitical contexts shape migrant life opportunities and how migrants respond to their shifting circumstances. Cultural psychologists have much to contribute to this project given their focus on the ways cultural experiences are shaped at once by broader social determinants and the intentional acts of social agents who navigate diversely organized worlds. However, we argue that cultural psychologists need to integrate critical concepts into cultural psychological studies of migration to avoid both overlooking important determinants of migrant lives and inadvertently perpetuating social inequalities and discriminatory policies. Drawing upon qualitative research conducted with Polish “irregular” migrants in Canada and Sikh Americans, we show how critical concepts such as “illegalization,” “deportability,” and “cultural citizenship” can help expand cultural psychological inquiry to better understand contemporary immigrant experiences. We conclude with discipline-specific recommendations for building a cultural psychology fit for the study of migration in the 21st-century.
Assessment of early orthodontic treatment on functional shifts by telemonitoring mandibular movements using a smart phone
Authors: Adly Mahmoud Sedky , Adly Aya Sedky , Adly Afnan Sedky
Published: October 2018

Introduction

To assess effect of orthodontic treatment on anterior or lateral functional shift in mixed dentition stage by telemonitoring mandibular movements in four-dimensions using a novel objective method that can assist in orthodontics and other dental specialties without the need of expensive, bulky or complicated equipment.

Methods

A sample of 60 patients was divided into two groups. Group I included 30 patients with normal occlusion and TMJ functions. Group II included 30 patients that were diagnosed with an abnormal path of closure in antero-posterior or transverse directions due to disharmony between centric occlusion and centric relation. The latter group was orthodontically treated and mandibular movements were measured before, during, directly after orthodontic treatment, and one year after treatment using our proposed method. To evaluate validity and reliability of our method, it was compared with two methods, a commercially available mandibular scanner, and a low-cost graphical method that utilizes a sheet of wax and a stylus.

Results

It was found that the overall differences between opening and closing curves of our proposed method and the other two methods were small and negligible ( p > 0.05).

Discussion

It was found that our proposed method is offering a reasonably accurate, simple and rapid way to telemonitor the mandible movements in four-dimensions using the rear/front camera of any smart-phone.
Gaymi: Emergent masculinities and straight women’s friendships with gay male best friends in Jinan, China
Authors: Wang Xin , Tan Chris KK , Wei Yao
Published: October 2018

China’s economic liberalization in 1978 created new gendered and sexual subjectivities. This essay examines a new internet meme gaymi (“gay confidante”) and its discursive construction of gay men as genteel embodiments of a women-friendly “emergent masculinity” ( Inhorn and Wentzell, 2011 ). We argue that firstly, the gaymi discourse actually centers on the women who desire gay male companionship, because it ironically articulates the desires of these women and not those of the men. Secondly, strong links possibly exist between the rise of the gaymi and the popularity of the Korean Wave in China. Hence, the gaymi gestures at intra-Asian cultural globalization.