bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IDENTIFICATION DES DIFFICULTES DES APPRENANTS DU SECONDAIRE COLLEGIAL MAROCAIN DANS L’APPRENTISSAGE DES CONCEPTS DE TRANSFORMATION CHIMIQUE – TRANSFORMATION PHYSIQUE / IDENTIFICATION OF DIFFICULTIES OF MOROCCAN SECONDARY COLLEGIAL PUPILS IN LEARNING CONCEPTS OF CHEMICAL TRANSFORMATION - PHYSICAL TRANSFORMATION
Authors: Benzidia Bouchra , Alioua Hajar Ait , Ouasri Ali , Abid Mohammed
Published: November 2021

Le présent article vise à identifier et à analyser les difficultés des élèves marocains (13–15 ans) de deuxième année de secondaire collégial lors de l’enseignement–apprentissage des concepts chimiques et physiques telles les transformations chimique et physique, l’atome, la molécule, la réaction chimique, et la loi de la conservation de masse. Tout d’abord, nous avons délimité le contexte et la problématique de l’étude, puis nous avons développé un cadre conceptuel portant sur les difficultés d’apprentissage et certaines conceptions alternatives qu’ont faites les élèves à propos des concepts chimiques et physiques étudiés. Puis, nous avons fait passer un test aux élèves en vue de vérifier s’ils sont capables de relier certains critères symboliques et microscopiques aux phénomènes et espèces chimiques : transformation chimique, transformation physique, réaction chimique, atomes, et molécules, etc... Les difficultés qu’éprouvent les élèves à apprendre des concepts abstraits peuvent être dues aux conceptions alternatives erronées, et aux applications heuristiques chez ces élèves à propos de ces concepts. 

 

This article aims to identify and analyze the difficulties of Moroccan pupils (13–15 years old) of the second year of college school in the teaching and learning of chemical and physics concepts, such as: chemical transformation, physical transformation, atom, molecule, chemical reaction, low of conservation of mass. Firstly, we have defined the research context, and we have developed a conceptual framework dealing with learning difficulties and the alternative conceptions that pupils have made about the studied concepts. Then, we passed a survey to the pupils in order to check if they are able to associate symbolic and microscopic criteria with the chemical phenomena and species: chemical transformation, physical transformation, chemical reaction, atoms, and molecules etc... The difficulties encountered by pupils in the learning of these abstract concepts may be due to alternative conceptions, and heuristic applications that have the pupils about these concepts. 

 

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COMPARISON OF THE CLASSICAL SOLUTION TO SUBTRACTION EXERCISES AND THEIR SOLUTION WITH REPRESENTATIONS
Authors: Marinos Andreas
Published: November 2021

294 pupils aged 8-9 years were given subtraction problems. Initially the pupils managed to solve the exercises using the usual algorithm (a-b=c). Simultaneously they made a representation of their solutions using 4 shapes which had been pre-agreed by the pupils and their teacher. Not only were the results unsatisfactorily worked out, but they were lower than the (also) unsatisfactory solutions given in the students’ efforts to solve the problems in the classical way. A teaching configuration was then prepared. After this an overall improvement was discerned in the majority of pupils, in subtraction problems.

 

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EXAMINATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TEACHERS' QUALIFICATIONS TO USE OF 21st CENTURY SKILLS AND TEACHERS' LEVELS OF READINESS FOR CHANGE
Authors: Çavuş Nevin Demir , Helvaci Mehmet Akif
Published: November 2021

The aim of this study is to reveal the relationship between the competence of using 21st century skills and readiness for change of primary and secondary school teachers working in public schools in Uşak. The research was designed in scanning model. The population of the research consists of 3972 teachers and 498 school administrators working in primary and secondary schools in Uşak, and the sample consists of 640 teachers and 82 school administrators. Convenience sampling was used in the selection of the sample. In order to collect data, “21st Century Teaching Skills Scale” developed by Orhan-Göksün (2016) and “School Readiness for Change Scale” developed by Helvacı (2015) were used. As a result of the research, according to the opinions of the teachers and school administrators, the competency of using 21st century skills of the teachers is at "high" level, according to the opinions of the teachers, the level of readiness for change is at the "high" level, and according to the opinions of the school administrators, the level of readiness for change of the teachers is at the "moderate" level. It has been determined that there is a positive and highly significant relationship between teachers' 21st century skills usage competencies and their readiness for change skill levels.

 

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THE ROLE OF PARENTS IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING SERVICES TECHNOLOGY DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Awalya Awalya , Nugraha Yudhi Purwa , Rifani Endang , Meilanda Angga Yuda , Widigdo Rudianto Jati
Published: November 2021

During the COVID-19 pandemic, guidance and counseling teachers are demanded to keep running counseling services using various alternatives of online learning applications. At the same time, parents as the main assistants in the online counseling process should actively encourage their children to have active participation. It is because the majority of parents consider that all the things related to school activities are totally teachers’ responsibility. Thus, the present study attempted to find, reveal, and describe the role of parents in the implementation of supporting technology for online counseling services during the COVID-19 pandemic. To do so, the researchers adopted an online survey method and cross-sectional technique to analyze the data of 350 student's parents in Semarang Regency as the respondents of this study. Generally, the findings indicated that parents with high level of understanding tend to provide great support for the online counseling services given to their children.

 

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LOCAL BODIES’ EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS AND ACTIONS TO RAISE ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE PREFECTURE OF LARISSA IN GREECE
Authors: Sofia Bechlivani , Pavlis-Korres Maria
Published: November 2021

The present research aimed at documenting the educational actions and programs about climate change that have been implemented in the Prefecture of Larissa, Greece, and at investigating whether their design and implementation aligns with the principles of adult learning. It also sought to examine whether the participants of these programs have developed environmental awareness and whether they have adapted to the new conditions created by climate change. Following a qualitative methodological approach, this research conducted semi-structured interviews with local bodies’ executives and educators who plan and organize educational programs and events within the scope of climate change. According to the findings of this study, the climate change-related programs implemented in the Prefecture of Larissa were mostly organized by public institutions, had a short duration, and did not always include a practical or experiential part. Their primary purpose was to lead to a more comprehensive approach towards environmental issues and to contribute to the citizens’ and professionals’ adaptation to the changes that have occurred due to climate change. Even though the analysis of target population needs and the program evaluation are generally considered as basic steps in the process of designing adult education programs, this study revealed that local institutions departed from following the abovementioned established practices. In the cases examined, the structure of the content and the implementation of the program were determined by the organizing bodies’ knowledge and capacity. Furthermore, the educational events that offered experiential activities contributed to the participants’ better understanding of the climate change phenomenon, motivated them to become more actively engaged with this issue and led them to the occasional undertaking of initiatives that signified their possible development of environmental awareness. The process of informing, raising awareness and helping people adapt to the consequences of climate change requires time, effort, and persistence by the local institutions and by the state, who can achieve these goals by properly designing and implementing programs that meet the educational needs of the target population.

 

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BLOOD QUANTUM IN SCOTT MOMADAY’S THE NAMES
Authors: Bartelt Guillermo
Published: November 2021

The semiotics of blood quantum in Scott Momaday’s memoir, The Names, is interpreted regarding its role as a signifier of American Indian survival and resistance in the context of his introspective concept of mythopoetic blood memory.

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PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG RETIRED ELITE ATHLETES IN NIGERIA
Authors: Jaiyeoba Oluwatoyin M. , Ogunsanya Jephtah O.
Published: November 2021

Retirement from sport is inevitable and unavoidable. It is a major source of threat to the health-related quality of life of retired elite athletes especially among who refute involvement in adequate planning and preparation for life after sports. The purpose of this study was to examine psychological characteristics of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among retired elite athletes in Oyo State, Nigeria. Two hypotheses were tested. The study employed descriptive survey research design. Purposive sampling technique was used to select one hundred (100) (Male = 63, Female = 37) retired elite athletes. The standardized questionnaires of Athletic Identity Measurement Scale (AIMS), Centre for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-DS) and the Short-Form 8 (SF-8) Health Survey were used for collection of data from the respondents. The reliability coefficient of the instrument used are 0.86, 0.84 and 0.88 respectively. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics of frequency counts, percentages and multiple regression. The result of the study showed that, there is significant joint contributions of psychological characteristics on HRQoL (F(2, 97) = 107.581, R = .74, R2 = .686, Adj R2 = .686, p<0.05) with 68.6% of degree of variance. Also, there is significant relative contributions of psychological characteristics [athletic-identity (β = -0.079, t = 0.41, p < .05) and depression (β = -.297, t = -1.521, p<0.05)] on HRQoL. Based on the findings, it was concluded that psychological intervention programme that promotes HRQoL and prepares retired elite athletes for life after sports should be developed and inculcated into the elite athletes’ programme before retirement, while regular visitation to psychological and mental health care centres for optimum advise on health-related wellbeing should carried out by the retired elite athletes. 

 

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FARMERS-HERDERS CRISIS AND FOOD SECURITY IN NIGERIA: CAUSES AND IMPLICATIONS
Authors: Udosen Nsikak Mathias
Published: November 2021

The paper examines Farmers-Herders crisis and food security in Nigeria: Causes and Implications. It viewed that Farmers-Herders crisis in Nigeria threatens food security, peace and sustainable development of the nation, Nigeria. The work maintains that the incessant crises occasioned by Herdsmen and Farmers in Nigeria, has claimed so many lives and property, and displaced so many, with attendant socio-economic consequences on sustainable development of the nation, Nigeria. Using Resource Access Theory (RAT), the work explains that the crisis between Herders and Farmers can be understood as the problem of access to land for economic survival, which as a result, has caused economic, political and environmental tensions in Nigeria, especially in the middle belt and southern parts of Nigeria since the return to democracy in 1999. The theory argues succinctly that the inability of the Fulani Herdsmen to have unhindered access to land for grazing, is to a significant extent responsible for why they often go into conflict with the host communities and farmers in Nigeria as access to the resource is the main cause of the conflict and violence. With this thriving crisis and violence of Farmers and Herders in Nigeria without proper steps by the Nigerian Government to tackle it to a standstill, the work posits that it portends grave implications for Nigeria’s food security, peace and national development. Therefore, in order to create an enabling environment for food security, peace and sustainable development, the paper suggests among others that there is need for the Nigerian Government to come up with a proper re-orientation programme that will breed good and social interaction, irrespective of religious and ethnic background. Government at all levels should be firm and fair in its resolution and implementation decision so as to tackle the crisis to a standstill. There is need for the Federal Government of Nigeria to invest on national orientation programme that will make herdsmen to see the need to value human lives and property in Nigeria, even as the Government should also strengthen its security apparatus and make it fully independent. The paper also recommended that there should be border policing to guide against illegal entry and possession of illegal arms and ammunitions for peace and development of the nation, Nigeria.

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Consumo y comercio de tortugas continentales en la subregión la Mojana, Sucre, Colombia
Authors: Barrios Santana Yesid J. , Mendoza Benavides Shirly , Sampedro Marín Alcides C. , Vergara Mercado Mauren C.
Published: November 2021

Los quelonios ampliamente utilizados como fuente de alimento y para comercialización, en todo el departamento de Sucre. Esto atenta contra el buen estado de la diversidad biológica y los ecosistemas donde habitan. Se determinaron las especies que son utilizadas para dichas actividades. Para conocer la magnitud de esta situación y contribuir en lo posible a plantear medidas de mitigación, se aprovecharon las capturas realizadas por pescadores de varias localidades en la sub región La Mojana, en el departamento de Sucre y se realizaron encuestas informales a esos trabajadores. Las hicoteas fueron capturadas en periodo baja lluviosidad, cuando se encuentran ovopositando y no se tuvo en cuenta la talla para su captura. Todos los individuos fueron medidos y pesados y se les hizo palpación para determinar la presencia o ausencia de huevos oviductales. Fueron capturados más de 200 individuos de ambos sexos, pertenecientes a cuatro especies de quelonios. Una de las especies se encuentra en peligro crítico (CR) Chelonoidis carbonaria, Rhinoclemmys melanosterna está reportada como casi amenazada (NT) y Kinosternon scorpioides es vulnerable (VU). La más abundante y utilizada fue Trachemys callirostris. Las técnicas utilizadas por los pescadores no son las más adecuadas, porque no solo dañan a los animales sino al ecosistema, adicionalmente, la situación económica. La situación económica de los pescadores es muy grave y no tienen otras fuentes de empleo. Se recomienda realizar actividades de educación ambiental, capacitarlos sobre pesca racional y apoyar la creación de zoocriaderos, lo que mitigaría su extracción del ambiente natural y crearía otras fuentes de trabajo.
REINFORCING RIGHT TO LIFE UNDER THE LENS OF PALLIATIVE HEALTHCARE IN INDIA
Authors: Kulkarni Soham
Published: November 2021

Provisions to a dignified end to life definitely must be a concern that our constitutional founders had in mind while framing the foundation of our nation. The term "Palliative care" was coined much later. The WHO defined palliative care as "an approach that improves the quality of life of patients and their families facing the problems associated with life-threatening illness, through the prevention and relief of suffering by means of early identification and impeccable assessment and treatment of pain and other problems, physical, psychosocial, and spiritual”. The Government of India formed a committee in 2006 to create a national policy for palliative care. However, even after the being hit by Corona times, the National Policy for palliative care has not seen the light of the day. In view of the above, the study aims to explore Palliative Care under the provisions of Article 21 and other fundamental rights; it aims to interrogate the aspect of ‘dignity’; the role of the Government; evolution of the field through judicial proceedings; legal position in other jurisdictions of the world and an urgent need to reinforce “Palliative healthcare” in India.
Penerapan AI Melalui Pendekatan Heuristik Semilaritas Pada Game Edukasi Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Sahputra Rendy Jemi , Muzakir Ari
Published: November 2021

Game is one of the rapidly growing industries in everyday life. Currently the game is very popular in all circles, both among children, teenagers and adults. However, there are still many games that only prioritize addictive elements and ignore educational elements. Therefore, here the author will build a game that has an educational element as a learning medium. This study will apply AI to an early childhood educational game through a heuristic semilarity approach to the habits of early childhood in answering questions such as equating in everyday life. This research will produce a game that can improve intelligence, creativity and memory at an early age such as guessing pictures, counting and arranging words randomly.
Compuestos funcionales en dos accesiones de Tropaeolum Tuberosum durante el almacenamiento
Authors: Gómez Mamani Roger , Arias Escobar Jesús , Machaca Yana Julio , Velásquez Ccosi Percy Fermín
Published: November 2021

Los compuestos funcionales presentes en los alimentos son elementales para prevenir ciertos tipos de cáncer por lo que es importante conocer como estos varían en el alimento durante el almacenamiento. El estudio se realizó en la región Puno en al año 2019, el objetivo del ensayo fue evaluar el comportamiento de los compuestos funcionales en dos accesiones del Isaño: Yana añu (color purpura-oscuro) y Amarillo zapallo con ojos morados durante el almacenamiento a condiciones naturales 13 °C y 65 % de humedad relativa, el método usado para determinar los polifenoles fue el descrito por Folin-Ciocalteu; ABTS para determinar la CAOX y la titulación visual con 2-6 Diclorofenolindofenol para cuantificar el contenido de vitamina C. Los resultados demuestran que la accesión Yana añu es el que mayor contenido de polifenoles y capacidad antioxidante tiene en comparación con la accesión amarillo zapallo con ojos morados, siento estos valores para los polifenoles 24,90 y 15,89 mg AGE.g-1 los cuales se reducen a 15,93 y 4,89 mg AGE.g-1 respectivamente en ambas accesiones estado fresco, lo mismo ocurre para la CAOX empiezan con 322,66 y 87,17 y se reducen a 296,35 y 77,85 µmol de TE.g-1 para el día 40 de almacenamiento para ambas variedades, en cambio el contenido de Vitamina C es similar en ambos casos, así lo indica la prueba de Tukey. La pérdida de los compuestos funcionales en las dos accesiones del Isaño está en relación inversa con el tiempo de almacenamiento.

Palabras clave: Capacidad antioxidante; Isaño, polifenoles; metabolitos; vitamina C.
The importance of health technology assessment to ensure an efficient and equitable access to high-cost therapies
Authors:   , Agirrezabal Ion
Published: November 2021

According to the World Health Organization, the key goal of health systems is to improve the average level of the population health and to reduce health inequalities in the population. In order to realise this goal, health system decision-makers need to decide which health technologies to invest in and which not to. Health technology assessment (HTA) provides a framework for decision-makers to make resource allocation and priority setting decisions based on the existing evidence. Considering the increasingly tight healthcare budgets and the rich pipeline of high-cost, innovative drugs very likely coming to market in the next few years, it is crucial that a robust and transparent HTA process be undertaken to assess these drugs, evaluating all aspects of the disease and treatment and involving all stakeholders affected. We conducted three standalone projects analysing different aspects of recently launched innovative drugs. In our first study, we combined high-quality sources of evidence, both from the real-world and randomised controlled trials, to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of carfilzomib for treating multiple myeloma patients. By harnessing the power of these data sources, we demonstrated that the reimbursement of carfilzomib is likely to represent an efficient allocation of existing resources. Despite the availability of good sources of evidence, the real-world distribution and use of innovative drugs may not be efficient nor fair, and this is what we demonstrated with our two other studies. Firstly, we showed that significant inequalities exist in the distribution of anti-osteoporosis drugs in primary care in England. The most striking case was that of denosumab, a high-cost innovative treatment, with prescriptions disproportionately concentrated among the least deprived. Substantial inequalities also exist in the use of insulin glargine biosimilars in primary care in England, even though guidelines and initiatives to promote the use of biosimilars have been put in place. In this study we observed that the real-world savings realised from the use of insulin glargine biosimilars represents a small proportion compared with what could have been achieved should their uptake had been higher. The results of these two studies, therefore, show that resource allocation may not be efficient nor fair in the real world, and similar situations are likely to exist in other disease areas. In summary, even though in many cases ample evidence exists to assist healthcare authorities making resource allocation decisions, we have demonstrated that resource allocation in the real world may not be optimal.
Oximes and nitric oxide signalling in Medicago truncatula root system architecture
Authors:   , Buezo Bravo Javier , Morán Juez José Fernando , Esteban Terradillos Raquel
Published: November 2021

Nitric oxide (NO) is a widely recognized signalling molecule in plants. It affects almost every developmental step during the whole plant’s lifespan. Among all of its already described functions, NO is recognised to act synergistically with Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), promoting the development of the secondary roots. Until now, only a few reductive NO synthesis pathways have been confirmed, whereas no oxidative pathway has been yet described. Experiments of our research group measured de novo synthesis of NO3- and NO2- in Pisum sativum and M. truncatula grown with NH4+ as the sole N source (unpublished data). This fact suggests the existence of an oxidative pathway for NH4+ in the Fabaceae family, which is proposed to be part of the signalling of the NH4+ toxicity and to participate in the alleviation mechanism. Due to their molecular configuration, oximes are very strong candidates for being the precursors of NO, and thus the first step into this nitrogen oxidation pathway. Among these oximes, Indole-3-acetaldoxime (IAOx) is particularly relevant since it is placed in the crossroad between IAA and indole glucosinolates. The role of IAOx in growth-signalling and root phenotype is poorly studied in cruciferous plants and mostly unknown in non-cruciferous plants. In this PhD thesis, we aim to demonstrate that IAOx is present in M. truncatula playing an important role of signalling during plant root development and also that this signalling is mediated by NO. For that purpose, we synthesized a set of pure IAOx and other indolic and non-indolic oximes and performed pharmacological approaches with the model legume M. truncatula. We analysed the root phenotype, quantified the indolic compounds in tissue (shoots and roots) and measured the Indole-3- acetaldehyde oxidase and IAOx dehydratase genes expression. Our data showed that all the oximes promoted the ‘superoot’ phenotype. All this matches with the hypothesis that IAOx exerts its signalling by liberating NO. This new knowledge is a step forward towards the discovery of an oxidative NO synthesis pathway in plants and throws light into the interplay between IAOx, IAA and nitrogen nutrition, which will be paramount for further field research in crop production.
Chemistry, Society and Uncertainty
Authors: Zaterka Luciana , Mocellin Ronei Clécio
Published: November 2021

In recent years, besides the increased interest in philosophy of chemistry, we have witnessed a "material turn" in philosophy and the history of sciences with an interest in putting instruments, objects, materials and practices at the core of historical reports. Since its alchemic past, chemistry has worked with and on materials, so that its history is also a "material history". Thus, in the wake of this "material turn", it is up to philosophy and the history of chemistry to perceive the chemical substances, the chemists that create them and the industries that produce them as part of culture, society and politics. This overlap between chemical reasoning and materiality as well as the artificial character of its products makes chemistry an eminently technoscientific science. In this context, we will analyze the most general aspect that led us to identify it as "technoscientific", the hybrid that exists between chemistry and society. With that, we intend to argue in favor of considering the modern societal necessities (material, environmental, and human) with chemistry, in an effort to build a more harmonious relationship, being that it will be long and, maybe, indissoluble. Following that, our aim is to develop a concept that cannot be separated from the capillarity of chemistry in societies and the environment, the imprevisibility and essential uncertainty of the behavior of chemical entities in multiple contexts. Finally, we will highlight some reflections concerning chemical ethics associated with the production and creation of new substances that may become a part of the lifeworld.
ECODINÂMICA APLICADA À CONFECÇÃO DE CARTA DE FRAGILIDADE AMBIENTAL PARA INSTALAÇÃO DE ATERRO SANITÁRIO
Authors: OLIVEIRA Rodrigo Coladello de , BOIN Marcos Norberto , FELÍCIO Munir Jorge
Published: November 2021

A Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos - PNRS (Lei 12.305/2010) previa o encerramento dos lixões e aterros controlados até agosto de 2014, contudo, em virtude da não adesão da grande maioria dos municípios brasileiros, o prazo foi prorrogado por mais 4 (quatro) anos. Com o objetivo de auxiliar os municípios no processo de escolha de área para aterro sanitário, o presente trabalho aplica os preceitos da teoria da ecodinâmica dos ambientes naturais na determinação de locais de fragilidade ambiental e, consequentemente, inadequados à instalação de depósitos de resíduos. A teoria da ecodinâmica apresentou-se demasiadamente relevante durante o processo de escolha de área, tendo em vista sua abordagem interdisciplinar, que considera os aspectos geológicos, pedológicos, hidrogeomorfológicos e climáticos
MILLING CAPACITY AND SUPPLY COMPETITION IN SUGAR-ETHANOL INDUSTRY IN SÃO PAULO, BRAZIL
Authors: BELIK Walter , PEROSA Bruno Benzaquen , FIGUEIRA Sérgio Rangel Fernandes , KOGA-VICENTE Andrea
Published: November 2021

After the deregulation of the sugar and alcohol sector, the decision on the location and scale of processing units was transferred to the private sector. Given the competition, the search for raw materials increased substantially and became the key variable in determining the viability of plants. The neoclassical microeconomics indicates that the increase in capacity is the result of a decision to maximize the outcome of firms, especially considering the industrial economies of scale. However, the theory of industrial organization, raises the possibility of the decision on the installed capacity be affected by the competitive strategy of the firm, leading to raise barriers to entry. Thus, plants located in regions with greater competition for sugarcane would work with higher levels of idle capacity, as deterrent to entry of new units. Using techniques of geo-referencing, the research shows that in the traditional sugarcane areas, the installed capacity in recent years far exceeds the availability of raw material. Thus, it is unlikely that plants installed in these regions are operating in an ìoptimalî level grinding. Gains force the hypothesis that excess capacity has the role to impose barriers to entry despite the reduced efficiency of the plants
DESFLORESTAMENTO E MOBILIDADE EM LOTES DE PROJETO DE DESENVOLVIMENTO SUSTENTÁVEL EM ANAPU, PARÁ
Authors: WATRIN Orlando dos Santos , PORRO Roberto , SILVA Thamyres Marques da
Published: November 2021

A região da rodovia Transamazônica, no Estado do Pará, constitui uma das áreas críticas de desflorestamento na Amazônia, fruto das transformações socioeconômicas que tem atravessado. Neste trabalho é avaliada a partir de imagens TM/Landsat de 2002 e 2014, a dinâmica do desflorestamento em lotes de uso alternativo do PDS Virola-Jatobá, município de Anapu, Estado do Pará, e sua relação com a frequência de ocupação dos assentados nos mesmos. Verificou-se que em 2002 havia desflorestamento mínimo, em oposição ao incremento expressivo decorridos doze anos, ainda que em taxas de desflorestamento baixas. Uma tipologia estabelecida para o grau de desflorestamento enquadrou a maioria dos lotes em 2002, ano do início da ocupação pelos assentados, na categoria de fraco desflorestamento, enquanto que em 2014 tais registros sofrem redução, em detrimento ao crescimento de lotes com desflorestamento intenso e moderado, sendo visível a dispersão deste processo por todas as glebas. A taxa de mobilidade observada resultou em média de mais de três famílias sucedendo-se em cada lote, para um total de 456 ocupantes ̇únicos. Análise estatística indicou evidência de que lotes com frequência de ocupantes não superior a duas famílias no período estudado de doze anos apresentam desflorestamento inferior aos demais
ÉLISÉE RECLUS: EDUCAÇÃO E NATUREZA
Authors: SPOSITO Eliseu Savério , SOBREIRA Antonio Elisio Garcia
Published: November 2021

O presente texto tem, como principal referência, um diálogo com Franscesco Codello, por meio de sua obra sobre anarquismo e educação, que destaca o papel de vários autores dessa corrente e, entre eles, Elisée Réclus. Salientando a educação libertária, na obra de Réclus se encontra uma simbiose entre a natureza humana e o geoambiental. Descrevemos parte da formação de Réclus, lembrando seu caminho do protestantismo ao anarquismo, a educação entre ciência e ideal, e a crítica que ele faz à política escolar republicana de sua época, pela proposta de um modelo educativo libertário
Spatial distribution patterns of Afzelia africana (Fabaceae – Detarioideae) in a tropical savanna of Benin: implications for management
Authors: Atanasso Justin Akpovi , Salako Valère Kolawolé , Mensah Sylvanus , Tohoun Roméo Jesukpégo , Djossa Bruno Agossou , Glèlè Kakaï Romain , Assogbadjo Achille Ephrem
Published: November 2021

Background and aims – Understanding the spatial patterns and associations of tree species with their conspecific and heterospecific neighbours is critical for sustainable management of their stands. This study assessed the intra- and interspecific spatial structure of six life stages in Afzelia africana, a keystone multipurpose and endangered tree species in a tropical savanna of Benin.Material and methods – Three plots of 4 ha each were demarcated on three sites along a conservation gradient (hunting zone – core conservation zone). Individuals of A. africana (irrespective of their diameter at breast height) and heterospecific trees (dbh ≥ 5 cm) were mapped. Tree spatial patterns and associations were determined using univariate and bivariate pair correlation functions. The distance to the nearest neighbour was further used to assess tree-to-tree distance.Key results – We found variable spatial patterns across sites. In the core zone where wildlife density is high, most life stages had a random distribution. In contrast, in the hunting zone where wildlife density is low, the species spatial distribution changed from a predominantly aggregative pattern during early stages to a less aggregative or random spatial pattern for very large adults. Most pairs of life stages showed neutral associations, except for small and large adults, which had positive association between themselves on two sites. We also found that A. africana tree spatial distribution was unrelated to heterospecific trees.Conclusion – We suggest that bush fire, seed dispersion, predation, and local environment would have contributed to the observed patterns.
30-year cone production dynamics in Siberian stone pine (Pinus sibirica) in the southern boreal zone: a causal interpretation
Authors: Goroshkevich Sergey , Velisevich Svetlana , Popov Aleksandr , Khutornoy Oleg , Vasilyeva Galina
Published: November 2021

Background and aims – Siberian stone pine is a keystone species for Siberia, and numerous studies have analyzed Siberian stone pine seeding dynamics in connection with the dynamics of weather conditions. However, all studies were based on observations before 1990. The aim of the study was to expand our knowledge about the balance of weather and climatic factors in the regulation of cone production to enable conclusions about the current reproductive function in Siberian stone pine.Material and methods – We monitored Siberian stone pine cone production in the southeastern region of the Western Siberian Plain, in association with climatic factors, over a period of 30 years. To analyze the relationship with weather conditions, we used the trait mature cone number per tree and weather data obtained from the weather station in Tomsk.Key results – During this period, cone production decreased by about one-third, mainly caused by the complete absence of high yields. The main factor negatively affecting cone production was late spring frost: severe frost occurring with a large accumulated sum of effective temperatures resulted in full cone loss, and light frost substantially reduced cone number. A less important but significant climatic factor was September temperature: as the temperature increased, the cone number decreased in the following year. Over the last 30 years, the sum of the effective temperatures at which the last spring frost occurs, as well as the average September temperature, increased considerably, resulting in reduced cone production.Conclusion – If the current climatic trend is maintained, and especially if it is strengthened, Siberian stone pine cone production in the southern boreal forest zone on the Western Siberian Plane is unlikely to provide for the effective renewal of the species.
Checklist of the native tree flora of Algeria: diversity, distribution, and conservation
Authors: Meddour Rachid , Sahar Ouahiba , Médail Frédéric
Published: November 2021

Background and aims – Trees represent an important component of many ecosystems of the world. The knowledge of their diversity and geographic distribution is of great theoretical and practical importance. This paper aims to provide the first comprehensive checklist of native tree taxa in Algeria. Material and methods – The checklist was based on the analysis of published data and has been improved with own field observations. Statistical analysis has been performed on the taxonomic richness, life forms, and chorological spectra in terms of diversity, endemism, habitats, and distribution of the tree flora in Algeria. The conservation status following IUCN and the protection status at national level have been presented.Key results – The checklist comprises 120 native tree taxa currently known in Algeria, including 106 species, one hybrid species, and 13 subspecies, belonging to 63 genera and 35 families. The four most species-rich families are Rosaceae (13 spp.), Fabaceae (12 spp.), Salicaceae (9 spp.), and Tamaricaceae (9 spp.). The richest genus is Tamarix (9 spp.), followed by Quercus (7 taxa in 6 spp.). We found that trees are more often single-stemmed (45%), and are small or medium-sized. Mediterranean element is dominant (46%), followed by Saharo-arabic (17%), wide distribution element (15%), and European elements (12%). Furthermore, 11% of all tree taxa are endemics or subendemics. The highest number of taxa (71%) is found in the Tellian area, whereas the lowest number (36%) occurs in the Saharan area. Only nine taxa are considered to be threatened or near threatened, while 36 taxa are yet not assessed. This analysis highlights 33 taxa with patrimonial value, both endemics and range-restricted. Out of these taxa, only 18 are protected by national legislation. Conclusion – This work shows that a relatively rich tree flora is found in Algeria. It aims to be used as a tool for managing tree species diversity. Some of the tree taxa need appropriate measures for their in situ conservation, a challenging but worth pursuing target.
The structure of Leguminosae-Detarioideae dominant rain forest in Korup National Park, Cameroon
Authors: Van der Burgt Xander M. , Newbery David M. , Njibili Sylvanos
Published: November 2021

Background and aims – We studied a cluster of trees in the Leguminosae subfamily Detarioideae, to: (1) determine the size, structure, and tree species composition of this cluster; (2) map the size, shape, and structure of groups of individual Detarioideae tree species in the cluster.Location – Lowland rain forest in southern Korup National Park, in the Southwest Region of Cameroon.Material and methods – Trees in permanent plots were recorded using standard plot enumeration techniques. Outside plots, single-species tree groups were recorded by a rapid technique. From this data, detailed maps of groups of trees were prepared.Key results – Detarioideae tree species occur co-dominant in a cluster of at least 32 km2 with an irregular shape. The cluster contained at least 42 Detarioideae tree species; at least 29 of these occurred in groups ranging in size from 50 to 4000 m across, depending on the species. Groups usually had circular shapes, caused by ballistic seed dispersal. In a group, trees were always mixed with trees of several other Detarioideae species. Every area within the cluster contained a specific set of Detarioideae species. The percentage of Detarioideae trees ≥ 60 cm stem diameter on 50 ha was up to 76% in Detarioideae-rich forest, to 6% in Detarioideae-poor forest. Of all trees in the centre of the cluster, 2.8% belonged to pioneer forest species, which indicates that disturbance levels were low during the past generations of trees.Discussion – The forests in the Detarioideae cluster have not been subject to substantial human and natural impacts in historic or prehistoric times. Such forests are exceptional in Africa. Detarioideae clusters may indicate glacial age forest refuges, especially clusters that contain both many different Detarioideae species and some Detarioideae species endemic to the cluster.
Ontwerpen in het hier en nu
Authors: Coumans Anke
Published: November 2021

In de woonomgeving van mensen met dementie is er zelden plaats voor kunst en creativiteit. Het project De ontwerpende attitude probeerde een collaboratief ontwerpproces in de zorg op gang te trekken waarin niet alleen rekening wordt gehouden met de mens met dementie, maar ook met de zorgverlener, de mantelzorger en de vrijwilliger. Samen met student-ontwerpers werd vanuit de kunsten gezocht naar vormen van co-creatie.
Customizing a methodological approach
Authors: Fusi Marco
Published: November 2021

This article presents the initial definition and subsequent adaptation of the research methodology adopted in Marco Fusi’s investigation of the creative process of the Italian composer and poet Giacinto Scelsi. The method adopted is purposefully designed with a decreasing degree of definition, to allow for the emergence of an efficient research strategy based on the early findings of the process. This organic approach has led to the definition of significant creative outcomes, useful for the development of the performance practice of Scelsi’s works.
De expo en de exposant
Authors: Vromman Jan
Published: November 2021

Met zijn tweeën een tentoonstelling bouwen, uitgaande van het idee dat beide kunstenaars niet naast elkaar werken, maar hetzelfde verhaal dienen. Dat was het eenvoudige opzet van Poetas Sin Alfabeto. Documentairemaker Jan Vromman en danser Vincent Dunoyer sloegen de handen ineen voor een expo in ARGOS, centrum voor hedendaagse audiovisuele kunst in Brussel. Voor dit project zoomen ze in op de cultuur en mythologie van Spanje. Hoewel Dunoyer vaak video gebruikt, is hij vooral een performer die de ruimte bespeelt. Vromman zoekt als filmmaker met een sterke interesse in geschiedenis eerder naar narratieve vormen. In een verslag in woord en beeld beschrijft laatstgenoemde hun aftastende proces, inclusief de twijfels, de voorzichtige ideeën en het zoeken naar een gemeenschappelijk verhaal.
Romain Tiquet (2019) - Travail forcé et mobilisation de la main-d’œuvre au Sénégal (Années 1920 - 1960)
Authors: Le Crom Jean-Pierre
Published: November 2021

Recensé : Tiquet, Romain, Travail forcé et mobilisation de la main-d’œuvre au Sénégal (Années 1920 - 1960), Rennes, Presses universitaires de Rennes, 2019, 282 p.
Presentación No. 158
Authors: Editor El
Published: November 2021

No abstract available.
Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 158, 2021: 1-2.
Egy magyar hírszerző Amerikában : Pozsonyi István rendőr alezredes beszámolója az Amerikai Egyesült Államokban szerzett tapasztalatairól
Authors: Pál István
Published: November 2021

Pozsonyi István rendőr alezredes, aki 1967 és 1970 között volt a Magyar Népköztársaság (MNK) washingtoni nagykövetségének tudományos-technikai attaséja, 1971-ben egy 30 oldalas összefoglalót készített az USA-ban szerzett tapasztalatairól. Az írás magán hordozza az ún. operatív tankönyvek valamennyi jellemzőjét, például személytelen, konkrét ügyekről nem esik szó benne, ugyanakkor tele van önismétlésekkel, valamint a kötelező ideológiai tiszteletkörökkel. A szakmai kalauz a rövid- és középtávon kihelyezés előtt álló fiatalabb hírszerzőtisztek felkészítésére szolgált, ám az utóbbiak politikai elkötelezettségét is próbálta erősíteni. A rendszerváltás előtt a III/I. (Hírszerző) Csoportfőnökség amerikai osztályán újabb átállásra nem került sor, az viszont már más lapra tartozik, hogy Pozsonyi közönsége mennyire hitt az szerző narratívájában.
A naplók helye a történettudományban
Authors: Héjjas Flóra
Published: November 2021

A személyes források, az ego-dokumentumok megítélése a történettudományban még napjainkban is kérdéses. Az utóbbi években jelentős előrelépés történt a magániratok mint kiaknázatlan történeti források elismertetésére. Sokáig tartotta magát az az elképzelés, hogy a magániratok csupán csak kiegészítői a hivatalos iratokból származó adatoknak, mintegy színesítésként, megerősítésként lehet őket használni. Ez azonban mára változóban van. A naplók, a levelek, az önéletrajzok, memoárok sajátos módon, egy ember szemszögéből ábrázolnak tényeket, és ezen forrásokból az információk egy speciális csoportja nyerhető ki. Önmagukban is megállják a helyüket, nem szükséges őket „ellenőriztetni” más „hivatalos” forrásokkal. Tanulmányomban igyekszem összeszedni a saját kutatási témámhoz szorosan kapcsolódó személyes jellegű forrásokat feldolgozó, bemutató írásokat, publikációkat, valamint néhány lehetséges módszertani megközelítést is ismertetek.
Ki kicsoda az ókori Pannonia elitjében? : Agócs Nándor: Dignitas, Auctoritas, Maiestas és Potestas Pannoniában. A politikai, vallási és gazdasági hatalom ismert pannoniai származású és helyi birtokosai Pannonia térségében Augustustól Iustinianus koráig. L’Harmattan, Pécs-Budapest. 2019. 508 o.
Authors: Sólyom Márk
Published: November 2021

A szombathelyi ELTE Berzsenyi Dániel Pedagógusképző Központ Történelem Tanszékének ifjú adjunktusa, Agócs Nándor 2018-ban summa cum laude eredménnyel védte meg doktori disszertációját a Pécsi Egyetemen, az Interdiszciplináris Doktori Iskola ókortörténeti programjának (A Kárpát-medence és az antik világ népeinek története, kultúrája és kapcsolataik az ókorban) keretei között. A hiánypótló doktori munka egy évvel később könyv formátumban is megjelent az L’Harmattan Kiadó gondozásában. A Grüll Tibor professzor témavezetése és Nagyernyei-Szabó Ádám kutatóprofesszor társtémavezetése mellett megírt disszertáció, illetve az abból készült félezer oldalas, terjedelmes kötet a latin epigráfia és a prozopográfia segédtudományainak területére navigálja az olvasót.
A LEITURA E A ESCRITA PARA A EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL
Authors: Siqueira Célia de Siena Rodrigues de , Barbosa Claudia Dias , Cirino Cleide Aparecida Pereira , Cardoso Joice Ferreira de Oliveira Alencar , Suquere Layra Milena da Silva , Barbosa Verônica Delgado do Nascimento
Published: November 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a importância da leitura e da escrita para o desenvolvimento de crianças na educação infantil, de modo a promover maior interação com o mundo literário e poder realizar ações ativas nesse processo. Portanto, é necessário pensar e planejar este espaço e proporcionar momentos de ludicidade, o que ajuda cada participante a imaginar ativamente, transformar ideias em ações concretas, e utilizar materiais e recursos existentes para obter um desenvolvimento integral. Os educadores devem se inspirar a receber uma formação contínua para atuar na área, com o objetivo de promover um momento de diversão e conhecimento, que auxilie no desenvolvimento humano de todos.
Magnetospheric Response to Solar Wind Forcing: ULF Wave – Particle Interaction Perspective
Authors: Zong Qiugang
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Solar wind forcing, e.g. interplanetary shock and/or solar wind dynamic pressure pulses impact on the Earth’s magnetosphere manifests many fundamental important space physics phenomena including producing electromagnetic waves, plasma heating and energetic particle acceleration. This paper summarizes our present understanding of the magnetospheric response to solar wind forcing in the aspects of radiation belt electrons, ring current ions and plasmaspheric plasma physics based on in situ spacecraft measurements, ground-based magnetometer data, MHD and kinetic simulations. Magnetosphere response to solar wind forcing, is not just a “one-kick” scenario. It is found that after the impact of solar wind forcing on the Earth’s magnetosphere, plasma heating and energetic particle acceleration started nearly immediately and could last for a few hours. Even a small dynamic pressure change of interplanetary shock or solar wind pressure pulse can play a non-negligible role in magnetospheric physics. The impact leads to generate series kind of waves including poloidal mode ultra-low frequency (ULF) waves. The fast acceleration of energetic electrons in the radiation belt and energetic ions in the ring current region response to the impact usually contains two contributing steps: (1) the initial adiabatic acceleration due to the magnetospheric compression; (2) followed by the wave-particle resonant acceleration dominated by global or localized poloidal ULF waves excited at various L-shells. Generalized theory of drift and drift-bounce resonance with growth or decay localized ULF waves has been developed to explain in situ spacecraft observations. The wave related observational features like distorted energy spectrum, boomerang and fishbone pitch angle distributions of radiation belt electrons, ring current ions and plasmaspheric plasma can be explained in the frame work of this generalized theory. It is worthy to point out here that poloidal ULF waves are much more efficient to accelerate and modulate electrons (fundamental mode) in the radiation belt and charged ions (second harmonic) in the ring current region. The results presented in this paper can be widely used in solar wind interacting with other planets such as Mercury, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune, and other astrophysical objects with magnetic fields.