bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of third-generation sequencing in cancer research
Authors: Chen Zhiao , He Xianghuo
Published: October 2021

In the past several years, nanopore sequencing technology from Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) and single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing technology from Pacific BioSciences (PacBio) have become available to researchers and are currently being tested for cancer research. These methods offer many advantages over most widely used high-throughput short-read sequencing approaches and allow the comprehensive analysis of transcriptomes by identifying full-length splice isoforms and several other posttranscriptional events. In addition, these platforms enable structural variation characterization at a previously unparalleled resolution and direct detection of epigenetic marks in native DNA and RNA. Here, we present a comprehensive summary of important applications of these technologies in cancer research, including the identification of complex structure variants, alternatively spliced isoforms, fusion transcript events, and exogenous RNA. Furthermore, we discuss the impact of the newly developed nanopore direct RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) approach in advancing epitranscriptome research in cancer. Although the unique challenges still present for these new single-molecule long-read methods, they will unravel many aspects of cancer genome complexity in unprecedented ways and present an encouraging outlook for continued application in an increasing number of different cancer research settings.
High temperature corrosion behavior of 430 ferrite stainless steel in a molten sulfur environment
Authors: Bao Qianlian , Xu Wendian , Zheng Wenxin , Zhu Chengfei
Published: October 2021

AISI type 430 stainless steel is a common current collector in sodium sulfur batteries. The corrosion behavior of stainless steel 430 (SS430) was investigated in this article in a sulfur environment at 350 °C using the gravimetric method. The corrosion mechanism and the characteristics of vulcanization films were studied by diffraction X-ray (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and resistance was tested by a four-probe tester. The results showed that the intensive vulcanization of SS430 took place at a corrosion time above 24 h. The dynamic vulcanization of SS430 first increased to a maximum point of 0.6532 mm × a-1 after 120 h in a 350 °C molten sulfur environment and then decreased. Block resistance reached 0.6058 mΩ after 120 h. The main corrosion product of SS430 was FeS2 within 48 h and its microstructure was porous. The Cr6S7 was observed again after 72 h. A dense Cr2S3 and FeS2 coating formed after 120 h, which protected the SS430 and reduced corrosion.
Vibration damping capacity of a rotating shaft heat treated by various procedures
Authors: Kam Menderes , Saruhan Hamit , Kabasakaloglu Ufuk , Guney Tolga
Published: October 2021

Many of today’s rotating shaft systems require the superior stability characteristics of a rotating shaft to prevent system instability. Rotating shaft material properties play a crucial role in the vibration behavior of rotating shaft systems. It is important to control vibrations in the systems because excessive vibration amplitudes can cause inefficiency and system failure. The objective of this study is to investigate the vibration damping capacity of a rotating shaft treated by various procedures (deep cryogenic treatment, induction hardening, hot forging, and conventional heat treatment) in order to see the effects of the treatment procedures. An AISI 4140 steel material for the rotating shaft was selected because it is the most widely used material in industry. The rotating shaft is supported on oil lubricated journal bearings rather than rolling element bearings as used in prior studies by the authors. The results showed that rotating shaft material damping capacity due to treatment processes plays a major role for the rotating shaft systems stability. It is observed that the vibration damping ability of the rotating shaft with induction hardening to dissipate mechanical vibration was superior to deep cryogenic treatment, especially to hot forging and conventional heat treatment processes. Also, the results indicate that the dynamics characteristics of the rotating shafts supported by oil lubricated journal bearings are different to those supported by rolling element bearings.
Effects of alloying, heat treatment and nanoreinforcement on mechanical properties and damping performances of Cu–Al-based alloys: A review
Authors: Yang Liu , Jiang Xiaosong , Sun Hongliang , Shao Zhenyi , Fang Yongjian , Shu Rui
Published: October 2021

Cu–Al-based alloys are a kind of new functional material. Due to their unique thermoelastic martensite structure, they have excellent damping performance, which has become a research hotspot in the field of materials science and engineering in recent years. However, the elastic anisotropy and large grain size easily cause a brittle fracture, which is harmful to the mechanical properties of the material. In order to meet the practical needs of engineering, it is an important choice to design Cu–Al-based alloys with excellent mechanical properties and damping performances from the perspective of refining the grain size. When the grain size is small, the effect of fine grain strengthening and interfacial damping can play a role simultaneously to obtain Cu–Al-based alloys with excellent comprehensive properties. In this paper, several common preparation methods of Cu–Al-based alloy are introduced firstly. Then the contributions of researchers in refining grain size from alloying and heat treatment are summarized. Meanwhile, nanomaterials can be used as the reinforcing phase of Cu–Al based alloy, and play a superb role in mechanical properties and damping performances. The purpose of this study is to provide a reference for the further research of structure-function integrated materials with high strength and high damping simultaneously. Finally, the development of Cu–Al-based alloy from the aspects of 3D printing and numerical simulation is prospected.
Distribution of Organic-Tempered Pottery in Southeast Europe and the Near East: A Complex Picture. The Case of Northern Greece
Authors: Papadakou Trisevgeni , Kotsakis Kostas , Urem-Kotsou Dushka
Published: October 2021

Organic-tempered pottery is considered characteristic for the early pottery assemblages in most parts of Southwest Asia and Southeast Europe. The aim of the present paper is to explore: (a) the chronological consistency of this practice, i.e. is it always related to the early assemblages and how intensively was it employed by the various communities? and (b) is its use related to vessel type, surface treatment etc. and how does this change in time and space? In order to address these questions we explore the distribution patterns of this practice in this large geographical area, based on published information, since the appearance of pottery in the Near East until the early sixth millennium in Southeast Europe. Moreover, in the case of the Early Neolithic in Greece, new data is presented on the appearance and distribution of organic-tempered pottery within the assemblages of six newly studied sites in northern Greece, spanning the second half of the seventh millennium BC and the beginning of the sixth millennium BC. The emerging picture indicates that the cultural practice of organic tempering was available in all of this area for almost a millennium, although the significations may have not remained unaltered, and variably embraced by the various Neolithic communities. As such, this study offers insights into the complex process of neolithisation, and at the same time contextualizes the appearance of organic-tempering in northern Greece, which includes some of the earliest Neolithic sites in Europe.
Überlegungen zu Form und Gattung in Hieronymus’ Briefen
Authors: Derhard-Lesieur Gina
Published: October 2021

I propose to approach a selection of Jerome’s Letters with the theory of generic modes as established by Alastair Fowler and Klaus W. Hempfer, and with the concept of generic enrichment developed by Stephen J. Harrison. Using these concepts the epistolary genre, which is known for its open nature and diverse forms, can be approached from a shifted aesthetical perspective. My analysis focuses on two exemplary letters. In the first of these two letters, Jerome asks a friend to join him in his ascetic lifestyle in the desert (Hieronymus, Epistula 14). To illustrate the progress of his arguments Jerome employs traditional nautical metaphors and develops a literary celeuma. He does this by turning it into a model for the letter’s form and by extending the epistolary genre through a hymn-like mode. Thus, the author christianises the celeuma and turns it into a hymn. In the second letter, Jerome asks a Christian widow to leave Rome and to join him in Bethlehem (Hieronymus, Epistula 46). The author integrates a satirical mode in some passages that allude to the pagan and biblical traditions of satire. He therefore turns his satirical description into an argument supporting his purpose. Both the hymn-like elements and the satirical passages do not have the complete outer form of the according genres but do rather correspond to the concept of modes. The epistolary genre is therefore extended but not replaced by these modes and gains additional meaning through their integration.
Catholic Identity in a Hostile Vandal Context: Insights from the Notitia Provinciarum
Authors: Scheerer Christoph
Published: October 2021

Evaluating the Notitia Provinciarum, ambiguities regarding the transmission and the content are to be encountered. This paper attempts to gain a consistent view on this document in respect to facts conveyed and the presumptive historical context and to draw conclusions concerning the identity of Catholics in Vandal Africa.

The relationship to the Historia Persecutionis by Victor of Vita and the Liber Fidei Catholicae has been surveyed. Assuming textual consistency of the document, conclusions concerning the contextual location have been drawn from its Incipit and hints inside. Linking it to events as reported in the Historia Persecutionis the meaning of appositions to names has been enlightened and a consistent understanding of the document has been demonstrated. Information regarding the identity of Catholics in Vandal Africa has been deduced from the results of this evaluation due to the fact of differences between the provinces in respect of the appositions.

Thus, different views and decisions within the African Catholic Church in regard to Vandal rule and to the relationship to Catholic ecumenical Christianity become evident. In spite of a common confession of faith as documented in the Liber Fidei Catholicae, there was no common posture toward Vandal rule and toward Catholic ecumenical Christianity.
Enhanced photocatalytic activity in hydro-thermally grown nano structured ZnO/SnS core–shell composites
Authors: Dharmana Govinda , Masabattula Prabhakara Srinivasa Rao , Potukuchi Dakshina Murthy
Published: October 2021

Detoxification of water bodies from industrial pollutant dyes by semiconductor heterojunction composites briefed. Synthesis of ZnO/SnS core/shell nanocomposites by ecofriendly hydrothermal method presented. Characterization by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV–Vis absorption spectroscopy photoluminescence (PL) etc., were presented. Abundance of orthorhombic ZnO and hexagonal SnS was confirmed by X-ray diffraction. Compression of hexagonal ZnO planes (as core nanorods) and SnS core nanoparticles infers growth of core shell structure. Average crystallite size is found to be 5.8 nm. Structure and TEM morphology correlated. XPS reveals abundance of elemental oxidation state. Photocatalytic activity was studied by using visible light irradiation. Photoluminescence for ZnO/SnS core/shell nanocomposites inferred significant emission peaks. Enhanced PCA observed against visible light. Methylene blue dye characteristic PCAby its degradation evinced. PCA is found optimal for Z-S3. Configuration of bandgap promoted growth of novel hetero junction. Physical mechanism is proposed for the enhanced photocatalytic activity as accompanied by degradation of MB dye.
Novel thiazolyl-hydrazone derivatives including piperazine ring: synthesis, in vitro evaluation, and molecular docking as selective MAO-A inhibitor
Authors: Osmaniye Derya , Alaşan Ramazan , Sağlık Begüm Nurpelin , Levent Serkan , Özkay Yusuf , Kaplancıklı Zafer Asım
Published: October 2021

MAO-A inhibitors are used in the treatment of depression. There are many studies showing that the thiazolyl-hydrazone structure is a pharmacophore structure for the MAO enzyme. In previous studies by our team, activity studies were carried out with thiazolyl-hydrazone derivatives containing pyrrolidine, morpholine, and piperazine. All of them were displayed MAO-A selective inhibition profile. Additionally, derivatives containing piperazine ring were most active. For this purpose, thiazolyl-hydrazone derivatives containing piperazine were synthesized, but this time an active group, formyl group, was added to the piperazine ring as a substituent. Based on this view, new thiazolyl-hydrazone compounds were synthesized, characterized, and screened for their hMAO-A and hMAO-B inhibitory activity by an in vitro fluorometric method. The structure of the compound was tried to be fully elucidated using 2D NMR technique. The compound including 2,4-dimethyl substituent (3i) were found to be the most effective agents in the series against MAO-A enzyme with the IC50 value of 0.080 ± 0.003 µM. The docking study of compound 3i revealed that there is a strong interaction between the active sites of hMAO-A and analyzed compound.
An overview of thermotransport in fluorite-related ionic oxides
Authors: Momenzadeh Leila , Grieshammer Steffen , Belova Irina V. , Murch Graeme E.
Published: October 2021

In this overview, we summarize the phenomenon of thermotransport (the close coupling of mass transport and heat transport) in two fast ion conductors: yttria-doped zirconia and gadolinia-doped ceria. We focus on two recent molecular dynamics calculations using the Green-Kubo formalism. We show that the Onsager thermotransport cross coefficient (mass-heat coupling) is negative, meaning that oxygen ions would drift, in principle, to the hot side in a temperature gradient. Simulation results presented in this overview show reasonable agreement with available experimental data for thermal conductivity. Results of this study suggest that the coupling between mass and heat transport in oxygen ion electrolytes could have significant effect for practical applications.
Identifikation qualitätskritischer Parameter
Authors: Abramowski Johann-Philip , Kies Alexander , Landwehr Inga , Aichele Andreas , Hachgenei Enno , Schmitt Robert H. , Sauer Alexander
Published: October 2021

Die Herstellung von Batteriezellen setzt sich aus einer Vielzahl von Einzelprozessen mit jeweils unterschiedlichen Qualitätsansprüchen zusammen. Mit dem Ziel, eine hochwertige und leistungsstarke Batteriezelle zu produzieren, ist daher für die interprozessuale Qualitätskontrolle und Prozessoptimierung die Kenntnis qualitätskritischer Parameter essenziell. In diesem Beitrag werden die Identifikation dieser Parameter und die anschließende Aufnahme von Ursache-Wirkungs-Zusammenhängen als Basis für das digitale Qualitätsmanagement beschrieben.
Augmented Reality zur Steigerung der Arbeitssicherheit von Mobilkranen
Authors: Quandt Moritz , Panter Lars , Staar Benjamin , Steinbacher Lennart , Freitag Michael
Published: October 2021

Der Einsatz von Nutzfahrzeugen bringt eine hohe Anzahl schwerer Unfälle mit sich. Mit bildverarbeitenden Verfahren können die Maschinenführenden gezielt auf Gefahrensituationen hingewiesen werden. Dieser Beitrag stellt eine bilddatenbasierte Bewegungsprognose von Personen im Gefahrenbereich eines Mobilkrans dar. Die Visualisierung dieser Gefahrensituationen mittels AR-Technologie ermöglicht einen rechtzeitigen Eingriff durch die Kranführenden. In Labor- und Feldtests konnte die Funktionsfähigkeit des Systems nachgewiesen werden.
Short-term debt of the corporate sector and its impact on the stability of the financial system of Ukraine
Authors:   State Institution ", Vladyslav Zymovets ,   Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine", Galina Yershova ,   State Institution "Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine"
Published: October 2021

The article deals with the economic essence of accounts payable. It is determined that in the process of deformations in the structure of business capital, it acquires the characteristics of a surrogate source of business financing, which in turn creates risks for the stability of Ukraine’s financial system. The authors describe the main trends in the dynamics and structure of accounts payable and define its impact on the growth of debt burden of non-financial corporations in Ukraine at the aggregate level. A comparison of the volume and growth rates of accounts payable in Ukraine and the EU countries is made, which allows to confirm the hypothesis of the introduction of a distorted model of business financing in Ukraine’s corporate sector. The authors point out that one of the reasons for the abnormally high debt dependence in the NFC sector at the aggregate level is the replacement of equity with other current liabilities (including financial loans from associated physical and legal entities), which allowed to establish such a flexible capital structure, which can help rapidly withdraw assets abroad in the event of macro-financial destabilization or other threats of capital loss related to the insecurity of property rights and the prevalence of fiscal voluntarism in Ukraine. The authors conclude that with the overload of balance sheets with short-term debts against the background of a significant reduction in equity leads to a rapid loss of financial stability. At the same time, under the influence of restrictions on activities and other concomitant barriers to doing business due to the global coronavirus pandemic, the financial depletion of the non-financial corporations sector could lead to a wave of corporate bankruptcies. It is concluded that under the influence of narrowing business access to capital in the financial market there is a rapid increase in lending to domestic business by nonresidents, which gives grounds to conclude that in this way domestic business lends itself, using funds previously withdrawn abroad. Further development of these trends not only can be a catalyst for financial imbalances at the level of individual enterprises, but can also provoke a crisis in the foreign exchange market. The authors substantiate that one of the ways to reduce the volume of current debt obligations is to assist the government in transforming the companies’ short-term liabilities into long-term ones. This can be done by converting the companies’ current liabilities into long-term bonds on a voluntary basis using simplified procedures for registration of their issue, and by registering current liabilities to suppliers (for goods and services) as long-term promissory notes.
State of the art in the development of orbital industrial platforms
Authors:   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine, Palii O.S.
Published: October 2021

The goal of this article is to analyze the state of the art in the development of orbital industrial platforms and their components. The article proposes the general arrangement of a base orbital industrial platform, which consists of main supporting structures, onboard systems, an onboard control system, onboard service devices, receiving docks, a primary processing module, a secondary processing module, an industrial module, and an assembly module. The state of the art in the development of the key component modules of an orbital industrial platform is analyzed, and it is concluded that space conditions make it possible to produce new materials and substances whose characteristics are improved in comparison with their earth counterparts. The most interest in the development of production processes in vacuum and zero gravity conditions is shown by the USA, Russia, and the EU countries. It is shown that at the initial stage of development of orbital industrial platforms raw materials for the production of unique materials can be supplied from the Earth. With further technological development, it will be possible to use space resources. Orbital industrial platforms are a new class of engineering systems. To develop a mathematical model of an orbital platform and components thereof, its functional diagram with the key functional links between the platform components is presented. The problem of orbital industrial platform development is complex, and thus it has a wide range of different aspects of its solution. The need to develop a scientific methodology for the process of orbital industrial platform development has given rise to a package of scientific and technological problems generated by the features of this problem. This package includes the development of new classifiers, construction arrangements, mathematical models, and design methods for a base platform and components thereof.
System of fuzzy automatic control of coal massif cutting by a shearer drum
Authors:   Dnipro University of Technology, Bublikov A.V. , Pryadko N.S. ,   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine, Papaika Yu.A. ,   Dnipro University of Technology
Published: October 2021

Up to now, automatic control of the shearer speed has been performed to keep the actual speed at an operator-specified level or to keep the actual power at a stable level without overheating or overturning. However, the problem of control of coal seam cutting by the upper drum of a shearer in the case of a variable angle of drum – coal seam contact has yet to be studied. The aim of this work is to develop a method for synthesizing a system of fuzzy automatic control of coal massif cutting by a shearer drum based on an information criterion for the power efficiency of coal cutting with cutters. In this work, based on an information criterion for the power efficiency of coal cutting with cutters, a fuzzy inference algorithm is constructed for a system of automatic control of coal massif cutting by a shearer drum. In doing so, the parameters of the output linguistic variable term membership functions of the system and fuzzy operations are determined according to the recommendations of the classical Mamdani fuzzy inference algorithm using substantiated fuzzy production rules. The fuzzy inference algorithm constructed in this work is tested for efficiency based on the fraction of effective control actions generated by the fuzzy automatic control system. Using simulation, the efficiency of drum rotation speed control with the use of the proposed fuzzy inference algorithm is compared with that with the use of an uncontrolled shearer cutting drive. The study of the generation of control actions involving the upper shearer drum rotation speed showed that effective control actions were generated in the overwhelming majority of cases (about 93%). The proposed method forms a theoretical basis for the solution of the important scientific and practical problem of upper shearer drum rotation speed control automation with the aim to reduce specific power consumption and the amount of chips.
Model of Е-polarized wave propagation in a multilayer dielectric structure
Authors:   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine, Zabolotnyi P.I.
Published: October 2021

This paper addresses the determination of the dielectric constant of multilayer dielectric structures by radiowave interferometry. In the general case, in interferometry measurements to one measured value of the reflection coefficient there may correspond an infinity of dielectric constants. This ambiguity may be resolved by first determining the effect of different parameters of the probing electromagnetic wave on the reflection coefficient. In particular, it is important to have a preliminary estimate of the effect of the incidence angle and the polarization on the range of variation of the reflection coefficient with the variation of one of the structure parameters. This paper considers the case where a plane E-polarized electromagnetic wave, i.e. a wave whose magnetic field is perpendicular to the incidence plane, is incident on a multilayer dielectric structure. The aim of this work is to develop a model of the propagation of an E-polarized electromagnetic wave through a multilayer dielectric structure at an arbitrary incidence angle and to determine the range of variation of the reflection coefficient with the variation of the dielectric constants of the layers. The paper presents a model of the propagation of an E-polarized electromagnetic wave in a two-layer dielectric structure. A metal base, which is an ideal conductor, underlies the structure. The electromagnetic wave is incident from the air at an arbitrary incidence angle. Based on the model, a method is proposed for measuring the relative dielectric constant and the dielectric loss tangent. It is shown that at a normal incidence the reflection coefficient magnitude is the same both for H- and E-polarization. Because of this, determining the relative dielectric constant and the loss tangent from the measured reflection coefficient magnitude calls for measurements not only at a normal incidence, but also at an oblique incidence, at which the reflection coefficient magnitudes will be different for H- and E-polarization.
Predicting the properties of nickel-based superalloys directional crystallization
Authors:   National University “Zaporizhzhia Polytechnic”, Zaporizhzhia, Glotka O.A. , Olshanetskii V.Yu. ,   National University “Zaporizhzhia Polytechnic”, Zaporizhzhia
Published: October 2021

The aim of this work is to obtain predictive regression models, with which it is possible to adequately calculate the mechanical properties of heat-resistant nickel alloys, without prior experiments. Industrial alloys of directional crystallization of domestic and foreign production were selected for research. The values were processed by the method of least squares to obtain correlations with the receipt of mathematical equations of regression models that optimally describe these dependencies. As a result of processing of experimental data, the ratio of alloying elements which can be used for an estimation of mechanical properties taking into account complex influence of the main components of an alloy is offered for the first time. Since the dimensional mismatch of the lattice parameters is associated with the degree of concentration of solid-soluble hardening of γ- and γ'-phases, the efficiency of dispersion hardening of the alloy, creep rate and other properties, the obtained ratio allows to link these properties with multicomponent systems. Regression models are presented, with the help of which it is possible to calculate dimensional mismatch, strength, heat resistance, number of  phases and density of alloys with high accuracy. The regularities of the composition influence on the properties of heat-resistant nickel alloys of directional crystallization are established. It is shown that for multicomponent nickel systems it is possible to predict with high probability misfit, which significantly affects the strength characteristics of alloys of this class. The decrease in the value of misfit is accompanied by an increase in the solubility of the elements in the -solid solution at a value of the ratio of alloying elements of 1.5 - 1.6. However, an increase in the ratio of alloying elements greater than 2 is accompanied by an increase in misfit, because the -solid solution has reached a maximum of dissolution. The perspective and effective direction in the decision of a problem of forecasting of the basic characteristics influencing a complex of service properties of alloys both at development of new heat-resistant nickel alloys, and at perfection of structures of known industrial marks of this class is shown. Keywords: nickel-based superalloys, dimensional mismatch (γ / γ'- mismatch), strength, heat resistance.
Determination of step aging effective modes of a stamped alloy for hot deformation
Authors:   National University “Zaporizhzhia Polytechnic”, Zaporizhzhia, Grabovsky V.Ya. , Kanyuka V.I. ,   State Enterprise Ukrainian Research Institute of Special Steels, Alloys and Ferroalloys, Zaporizhzhia, Lysytsia O.V. ,   National University “Zaporizhzhia Polytechnic”, Zaporizhzhia
Published: October 2021

Using the method of mathematical planning of the experiment, the influence of two-stage (low-temperature + high-temperature) aging on the hardness and high-temperature (750 °C) impact strength of a stamped alloy ХН35ВТЮ (EK39) for hot pressing of metals was investigated. The need to increase the high-temperature impact strength of the alloy is a significant decrease (failure) with increasing test temperature from room temperature to 700… 750 °C. To isolate the particles of the reinforcing γ′-phase of the Ni3(Al,Ti) type during aging, the alloy was previously hardened in oil from a temperature of 1150 °C. Determination of the most effective modes of two-stage aging was performed using a small replica of the orthogonal plan of the second order type 24-1. The first (low-temperature) stage corresponds to the beginning of spinodal decay of supersaturated solid solution at the stage of formation of Guinness-Preston zones, and the second (high-temperature) - to the formation of particles of stable γ′-phase type Ni3(Ti,Al). Temperature and aging time on each step varied. According to the planning matrix, regression equations were calculated, and additional experiments were performed to determine the modes of step aging, which provide the alloy with a higher level of selected properties compared to the recommended single aging (780 °C, 10 hours). According to the obtained regression equations, the change in the aging temperature at the second stage of aging does not affect the hardness of the alloy within its variation (750 °C–800 °C). The effect on impact strength of changes in temperature (650 °C–700 °C) and holding time (2–6 hours) at the first stage of aging is also insignificant. According to the results of processing and analysis of experimental data, it is established that the increase of high-temperature impact strength from 38 to 120 J/cm2 (while maintaining hardness and high-temperature strength at the same level) is achieved after step aging 700 °C, 20 hours + 750 °C, 2 hours. The increase in hardness from 29 to 33 HRC with a simultaneous increase in impact strength to 55 J/cm2 provides step aging of 725 °C, 10 hours + 775 °C, 6 hours. According to the results of electron microscopic study of the microstructure, it was found that the achieved level of impact strength after step aging is provided by increasing the dispersion of spherical particles of the γ′-phase of the type Ni3(Al,Ti). The increase in hardness is due to a more uniform volume distribution and a smaller cross-sectional scatter of γ′-phase particles. Keywords: aging, dispersion hardening, impact strength, microstructure, stamping tool.
Ukrainian and Jewish Monuments in the 1920–1921 Sketches of Mykola Valukynskyi: On the Occasion of the 135th Anniversary of His Birthday
Authors:   M. Rylskyi Institute of Art Studies, Folkloristics and Ethnology, Khodak Iryna
Published: October 2021

The article’s purpose is to introduce into science a set of sketches of Ukrainian and Jewish cultural heritages’ monuments, accumulated in Danylo Shcherbakivskyi’s personal fund at the scientific archives of the NAS of Ukraine’s Institute of Archeology, as well as to clarify the circumstances of creation of the sketches, to systematize them by their chronology and topography, and to identify a number of objects of church architecture. Based on both the already published information and the epistolary sources found in Kyiv archives, it is established that Mykola Valukynskyi (1886–1950) made the sketches in 1920–1921 in southern Ukraine, Kyivshchyna, Eastern Podillia, and Slobozhanshchyna during his service in the Red Army railway brigades and shortly after his demobilization. It is found out that the artist drew some wooden churches, namely the Church of the Holy Presentation of the Most Holy Theotokos in Beryslav, the Intercession of the Theotokos Church in Fastiv, the Church of Saint Demetrius in the village of Potoky, the Church of the Elevation of the Holy Cross in the village of Sidava, the Church of the Great Martyr Barbara in Olviopol (now Pervomaysk), as well as a sketch of a bell tower at the Church of Saints Cosmas and Damian in the village of Leliaky. Thanks to Danylo Shcherbakivsky’s drawings in a diary of the 1908 expedition to the Podillian Governorate, it is determined, which precisely log cabins of churches (altar, central, or narthex) in Fastiv, Sidava, and Potoky crowned the above-dome crosses painted on both sides of the churches. An emphasis is placed on the value of drawings of Jewish culture’s objects, first of all of typical town buildings (Zhmerynka, Brayiliv), synagogue architecture (Koziatyn), and sheer tombstones (Brayiliv). The achieved results made it possible to outline the range of Mykola Valukynskyi’s interests in a more prominent way and to involve in the scientific context the significant visual sources of folk and sacred arts, which are important both in historical-theoretical, purely scientific, and practical (for example, for designing new churches, chapels, bell towers, or above-dome crosses) planes.
Dmytro Tuptalo as an Outstanding Ukrainian Hagiographer, Church and Cultural Figure
Authors:   M. Rylskyi Institute of Art Studies, Folkloristics and Ethnology, Mekh Nataliya
Published: October 2021

This year it is the 370th anniversary of birthday of Danylo Savych Tuptalo – a prominent Ukrainian hagiographer, church and cultural figure. Future hierarch Dimitry was born on December 11, 1651, in the small town of Makariv, that is in the Kyiv region, in the pious family of the Cossack sotnyk Sava Hryhorovych and Mariya Mykhailivna. Historical and dogmatic-polemical works, texts of sermons, precepts have been and still remain important for us. They illustrate the world outlook, views, value system, high intellectual and moral level of Dimitri Tuptalo. However, his fundamental hagiographic encyclopaedia – Lives of Saints, known as Chetya-Mineya, is the most significant work of the Saint. This is a combined collection of the lives of saints by days and months of the year from September to August. Demetrius Tuptalo has started work in 1684, when he accepts the proposal of Pechersk Archimandrite Varlaam Yasynskyi and settles in the Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra. Work on Lives of Saints in 4 volumes has lasted for the whole 20 years (with intermissions). Each volume covers three months of the year. We are convinced that the contribution of Dimitri Tuptalo to the Ukrainian written culture in general and to the Ukrainian hagiography, in particular, is extremely significant. As the biographies of famous bishops, patriarchs, monks, and secular persons, canonized by the Orthodox Church, are undoubtedly important for our spiritual culture. Hagiographic literature has always enriched the believer, is a certain example of piety. These works open new meanings, nurture curious thought, give examples of the embodiment of the highest virtues in the lives of saints, incite to self-centration and self-completion.
Psychological Features of Creative Thinking of Younger and Older Adolescents
Authors: Andronov Vladimir P.
Published: October 2021

Introduction. The relevance of the problem is due to the theoretical and practical significance of the study of the specifics of creative thinking in adolescence. Objective. To identify the psychological characteristics of creative thinking in younger and older adolescents. Materials and Methods. Theoretical and empirical methods were used in the research. As a diagnostic tool, a modified version of the Gilford technique and a shortened version of the Torrence creativity test are used. Results. Four levels of creative thinking development were identified and described: average, below average, above average, high. The characteristic feature of the development of creative thinking of older adolescents is the uneven development of its main indicators. When comparing the data obtained in younger and older adolescents, there is some lag in the first indicators such as fluency and flexibility of thinking. Nonverbal creative thinking is better developed in the group of older teenagers due to better detailing of answers and ideas. In General, the indicators of flexibility of thinking are lower than the indicators of fluency in both samples. The study determined the nature of the relationship between creativity and the level of intelligence of the subjects. For this purpose, the coefficient of rank correlation rs Spearman was used. Discussion and Conclusions. Adolescence is a special period in the development of thinking in ontogenesis, since it is in the middle classes that children first begin trading to study systematic courses in a number of disciplines where, unlike primary school, truly scientific concepts are presented. Based on these concepts, students develop ways of their actions to solve the relevant problems. This circumstance radically changes their thinking. The results can be used in the process of organizing the educational process with students in the study of disciplines of the psychological cycle, in the activities of the psychological service of universities, as well as school psychologists.
Mycorrhiza Formation in Pinus Sylvestris and Picea Obovata Seedlings in Forest Nurseries in Kazakhstan
Authors: Sarsekova D. , Osserkhan B. , Abzhanov T. , Nurlabi A.
Published: October 2021

This work presents research materials, the purpose of which is to grow seedlings of coniferous trees in the open field using artificial substrates of mycorrhizal macromycetes in forest nurseries of Central, North and Northeast Kazakhstan. The success of mycorrhiza formation in seedlings Pinus sylvestris and Picea obovata from forest nurseries of Akmola and Karaganda regions, and the survival rate of seedlings from forest nurseries of Akmola, Karaganda and Pavlodar regions of Kazakhstan are analysed. In the future, we want to expand the range of studied species and compare artificially mycorrhized seedlings with naturally mycorrhized species from natural forests. If we compare the survival rate of seedlings in nurseries, the highest in P. sylvestris seedlings in Shaldai is about 78%, low in Novodolenskoe, about 27%, and for P. obovata, on average, 66%. In the future, we want to expand the range of studied species and compare artificially mycorrhized seedlings with naturally mycorrhized species from natural forests.
Economics of moderation. Towards sustainable development
Authors:   dr hab., prof. UEK, Department of Economics and Organization of Enterprises, Cracow University of Economics (UEK), Poland, Siuta-Tokarska Barbara
Published: October 2021

The article describes attempts at implementation of the idea of sustainable development in the world economy of the 21st century. The presented research is theoretical. The aim of the study is to set economics of moderation as a theory in the evolution of economic thought. The problem of sustainable development in the world economy has been depicted in relation to ongoing environmental, social and economic changes, pointing to the negative effects of the implementation of the current consumption model of contemporary economies. “Economics of moderation” is a new, unique approach to the theory of economics forming some kind of theoretical basis to the practical implementation of a real development restoring the right understanding of intergenerational harmony and justice. In the research work, an analysis of the literature on the subject, both domestic and foreign, was used within the scope of research methods of social sciences in the field of analysis and criticism of literature, as well as analysis and logical construction.
Tax-based forms of state aid in Poland as compared to other EU states
Authors:   dr, Department of Public Finance, Poznań University of Economics and Business, Poland, Spychała Marcin
Published: October 2021

The paper presents the structure of state aid in Poland as compared with other EU member states, with an emphasis on tax instruments. Tax preferences are a significant form of state aid in Poland, and their importance in the structure of state aid provided differs across the EU states. The added value of the paper is to provide current knowledge concerning the sources of tax-based forms of state aid. The theoretical aspects of state aid are discussed and the tax-based forms of state aid in Poland presented. The empirical research was based on the following research methods: descriptive analysis, quantitative analysis and comparative analysis. The statistical data has been drawn from the Consumer Protection Offices on state aid granted to Poland, the latter data being transferred to the European Commission and forming the basis for the EU papers for the State Aid Scoreboard available in the Eurostat database. Tax preferences are a significant form of state aid granted in Poland, as they constitute the second most important (after grants) form of state aid, in terms of their financial value. The importance of state aid in the form of tax-based instruments differs across the EU states. In most of them tax preferences are the second most important, in terms of financial value, form of state aid. However, their share within the structure of the aid is to a large extent varied. The subject matter of state aid, including particularly its tax-based forms, seems to be especially intriguing as well as significant in contemporary tax studies.
Demography of small and medium enterprises in Belarus
Authors:   PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Statistics, Belarusian State Economic University, Minsk, Belarus, Kolesnikova Irina
Published: October 2021

Business demography is an important information basis for making strategic decisions in the business area. This allows institutional bodies to optimally adjust their policies regarding the development of entrepreneurship nationally in such areas as regional development, employment, unemployment, education, sources of financing for small and medium-sized businesses, innovation policy, simplification of bureaucratic procedures, etc. Business demographic indicators characterise the dynamics of economic development through the adaptation of economic structures to changing market conditions. In addition, they assess the potential contribution that new start-ups can make to the important employment problem through job creation. At the same time, the organisation is primarily seen as a community of people, and capital optimisation is presented as an addition to the optimisation of people. In the study, in addition to analysing the classic indicators of business demography such as the activity population of enterprises, “birth”, “survival” (up to five years after birth), “death”, etc., a new indicator was proposed for implementation: the natural increase rate in the number of organisations in Belarus calculated both for the economy and for the types of economic activity. The study will help to develop recommendations for developing measures in the field of entrepreneurship development using a regression model that identifies the relationship between changes in business demographics and employment. A set of measures to support entrepreneurship are becoming an integral part of national economic policy, a powerful factor in increasing the level of “survival” of enterprises and increasing the share of “fast-growing” organisations. This contributes to the achievement of sustainable development goals. Stimulating development and support for small business, with the ability to quickly respond to changes in market conditions, will help provide the “coronavirus” economy with the necessary flexibility, an especially important factor in the context of COVID-19.
Wireless Substitution: Early Release of Estimates From the National Health Interview Survey, January-June 2021
Authors: Blumberg Stephen , Luke Julian
Published: October 2021

Using National Health Interview Survey data from the first six months of 2021, this Early Release report provides preliminary estimates of the percentages of adults and children living in homes with only wireless telephones.
Physicochemical and antioxidant characterization of Andean blackberry with and without prickles cultivated in Risaralda, Colombia
Authors: Álvarez Gloria Edith Guerrero , Coronel Nelson Contreras , Hurtado Nathalia Cardona
Published: October 2021

Abstract Approximately 55% of the Rubus glaucus Benth (Andean blackberry) produced in Colombia is sold fresh and 10% is used in agroindustry. There are two types of cultivars for this species: Andean blackberries with prickles and ones without prickles. The investigations carried out in the Department of Risaralda are focused on finding the best genetic materials; however, studies on the bioprospecting that can generate an added value to these fruits are lacking. Therefore, soil fertility analysis, physicochemical characterization, and evaluation of the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of Andean blackberries with and without prickles were carried out. The parameters evaluated for soil analysis were pH, organic matter, minor elements, phosphorus, nitrogen, aluminum, and texture, and the parameters evaluated for physicochemical characterization were titratable acidity, ash, dietary fiber, fat, moisture, maturity index, protein, and soluble solids. The total phenolic content and antioxidant activity were evaluated with the Folin–Ciocalteu and DPPH methods, respectively. Statistical analysis showed significant differences in the content of fat, proteins, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, acidity index, and ash between the materials with and without prickles. The ash content and soluble solids are highlighted: they presented differences by study municipality, The ash content and soluble solids are highlighted; in addition, a high content of phenolic compounds was observed in fruits from plants without prickles. The diagnosis of blackberry crops by the materials planted and place of cultivation in the Department of Risaralda showed that the materials without prickles are more widely distributed in the department due to their ease of handling. According to the results of the soil analysis, most Castilla blackberry crops in the Santa Rosa, Santuario, and Pereira municipalities are within the recommended parameters for blackberry production at the national level.
A MUTUALIDADE ENTRE O DEMORAR-SE E O SER-MOVIDO: ARTE E RETÓRICA NA HERMENÊUTICA TARDIA DE GADAMER
Authors: Wu Roberto
Published: October 2021

RESUMO O artigo discute a importância do termo demorar-se (Verweilen) na hermenêutica tardia de Hans-Georg Gadamer. A hipótese é a de que a sua relevância pode ser mais bem compreendida se relacionada ao conceito de ductus, tal apresentado por teóricos da retórica, como Mary Carruthers e Paul Crossley. O texto inicia com uma apresentação breve centrada em quatro conceitos fundamentais para a concepção de arte em Verdade e Método, a saber, acontecimento, conformação, contemporaneidade e festa. Após, discutese a importância da relação entre o demorar-se e a conformação para a temporalidade da arte. Em seguida, relaciona-se o demorar-se com o sermovido pelo viés da retórica. Por fim, o texto finaliza com a apresentação do conceito retórico de ductus, e indica a proximidade deste com a concepção gadameriana do demorar-se.