bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Visceral sensitivity in diagnostics and treatment of severe irritated bowel syndrome
Authors: Makarova Alina A. , Diukova Galina M. , Ruchkina Irina N. , Romashkina Nataliya V. , Indejkina Lilia Kh. , Degterev Daniil A. , Dbar Saria R. , Parfenov Asfold I.
Published: September 2022

Background. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a biopsychosocial model based on the malfunction of "brain-intestinal linking".
Aim. To improve diagnostics of the severe IBS accompanied with somatoform disorders by using balloon dilatation test (BDT) and optimize the therapy by using antidepressants from the serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor type.
Materials and methods. 61 patients with severe IBS and diarrhea were examined, among them 29 female with a median age of 31 years old (24; 36), and 31 male with a median age of 31 (24; 36) years old. All patients were randomized into two groups, group 1 consisted of 30 patients (15 female, 15 male), group 2 consisted of 31 patients (15 female, 16 male).
The symptoms of all patients were assessed using the Visual Analogue Pain Scale (VAS Pain), visceral sensitivity index (VIS) was assessed according to the J. Labus questionnaire (2007) and visceral sensitivity threshold was assessed according to the BDT, the psycho-emotional state was assessed using the Beck scale of anxiety and depression and the Spielberger-Khanin scale. Both group patients underwent a comparative effectiveness evaluation between the therapy based on the use of Trimebutine at a dose of 600 mg per day and the SNRI-Duloxetine therapy at a dose of 60 mg per day for 8 weeks.
Results. Patients from group with severe IBS and diarrhea who had undergone the antidepressant therapy showed the decrease of pain syndrome from 7 (5; 7) to 2.5 (2; 3) points according to VAS Pain; normalization of stool frequency from 7 (6; 9) to 2 (1; 2) times a day; normalization of stool consistency from 6 (6; 7) to 3 (3; 4) type; and decrease of VIS: first urge from 56 (34; 74) to 95 (80; 98) ml.; as well as the decrease of the depression level (Beck scale) from 26 (23; 32) to 11.5 (10; 13) points and anxiety according to Beck scale from 38 (31; 45) to 11 (10; 12), the decrease of personal anxiety level (Spielberger-Khanin scale) from 42.5 (35; 53) to 22 (20; 24) points, and the decrease of situational anxiety from 40 (37; 49) to 22 (21; 36) points. During the trimebutine therapy in group 1, the clinical symptoms of IBS have persisted. According to the BDT, the visceral sensitivity (HF) threshold remained at a low level. And the indicators of anxiety and depression remained at a high level according to the psychometric scales.
Conclusion. The insufficient effect of the trimebutine therapy can be explained by the somatoform disorders persistence in patients from group 1. Meanwhile SNRI-duloxetine therapy in group 2 showed a clinical remission of IBS: such as a reliable relief from pain and diarrheal syndrome, as well as an increase in the HF threshold.
Thus, Duloxetine is a promising treatment for severe IBS with somatoform disorders. BDT can be used as an objective criterion to diagnose and evaluate the effectiveness of therapy in patients with IBS.
The Influence of Socio-demographic Factors and Hospital type on Islamic Work Ethics of Healthcare Providers at Emergency Departments in Jordan
Authors:   Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia, Al Smadi Audai Naji , Amaran Safiya ,   Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia, Abugabah Ahed ,   Zayed University, Dubai, UAE
Published: September 2022

Purpose: Islamic work ethics (IWE) has been an area of attraction for scholars exploring Muslim employees’ attitudes and behaviors. This study aims to examine the IWE of healthcare providers (HCPs) in Jordan’s public and private emergency departments, and test the influence of socio-demographic factors and hospital type on IWE. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was used. Data were collected from the HCPs in Jordan middle district hospitals using a selfadministered questionnaire. In total, 297 questionnaires were completed and returned for analysis. Descriptive statistics, regression analysis, and independent sample t-test were used to analyze the data. Findings: The HCPs in private EDs showed a higher commitment to IWE than public EDs HCPs, and statistical differences were found between the public and private EDs. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that socio-demographic factors (age, gender, income level, professional classification, and social status) do not significantly influence IWE. Only the hospital type has a significant negative influence on IWE. Conclusion: HCPs in private EDs showed a high level of commitment to IWE than public HCPs. Statistical differences were discovered between the public and private EDs. The regression analysis showed no effect of socio-demographic factors on the IWE. Originality/Significance: This is perhaps the first paper investigating the influence of socio-demographic factors and hospital type on IWE of HCPs at EDs in Jordan. Research Limitations/Implications: This paper was limited to HCPs working in eleven hospitals in Jordan’s middle district. The study’s findings were based on the respondents’ honesty and truthfulness when taking the questionnaire. Implications for research have also been discussed.
Mediating Effect of Intrinsic Motivation on the relationship between Islamic Work Ethics and Job Performance
Authors:   Virtual University, Lahore, Pakistan, Saqib Muhammad , Rafiq Nazia ,   Virtual University, Lahore, Pakistan, Asadullah Muhammad ,   Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
Published: September 2022

Purpose: In this article, we examined the mediating effect of employees’ intrinsic motivation (IM) on the relationship between Islamic work ethics (IWE) and job performance (JP) in the higher education sector of Pakistan. A correlational research design was employed to undertake this crosssectional study. Methodology: This study was conducted using a simple random sampling technique. Findings: The results of the study reveal a strong positive association between IWE and JP and moderately positive relationships between IWE and IM, and IM and JP. Further, the study also reveals that Intrinsic Motivation fully mediates the impact of IWE on job performance. Significance: The results of this study show that there is a strong positive significant association between Islamic work ethics and job performance. Moreover, intrinsic motivation has also mediated the relationship between IWE and JP. Research Limitations/Implications: The most important and beneficial contribution and addition to the current research is the introduction of intrinsic motivation as a mediating component, which has not been explored extensively in prior studies. Employee performance can be noticed when Islamic work concepts have a positive impact on IM. Practical and Social Implications: This study confirms previous findings while also adding new information and a new perspective to the existing body of knowledge. Intrinsic motivation is revealed to be important in regulating the relationship between IWE and JP.
MEDICIONES Y ANÁLISIS DE LA IGUALDAD DE GÉNERO DE LA FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA DE LA UNIVERSIDAD JAVERIANA
Authors: Cano Morales Martha Lucía , García Ávila Doris Rocío , Hurtado Londoño Jairo Alberto , Rodríguez Mejía Eduardo , Méndez Sarmiento Valeria , Melgarejo Laura Daniela , Henao Laura Katherine , Estupiñán Laura Alejandra
Published: September 2022

Diversos estudios muestran una amplia brecha en la participación de las mujeres en las áreas de ciencia, tecnología, ingeniería y matemáticas (STEM), particularmente en latino américa. La Unesco, a través del proyecto SAGA, propone un kit de herramientas para mejorar la medición de la igualdad de género en los campos STEM y a partir de estas mediciones generar las políticas que permitan nivelar la igualdad al interior de las organizaciones. En el proyecto SAGA, se reconoce la necesidad de monitorear y evaluar la igualdad de género como primer paso para definir e integrar políticas que permitan disminuir la brecha. El proyecto europeo W-STEM menciona la falta de información específica de las universidades de latino américa sobre la situación de brecha de género y de las políticas que implementan de acuerdo con el contexto de la región. Este artículo presenta una autoevaluación de la situación actual de igualdad de género en la facultad de ingeniería de la universidad Javeriana sede Bogotá, a través de estadísticas como porcentajes de aplicaciones, de admisiones, de ingresos y deserciones de las mujeres en las diferentes carreras, así como el desempeño de las mujeres y los tipos de ayudas financieras que recibieron. La disparidad de género es evidente en estos indicadores lo cual muestra la necesidad de definir políticas y estrategias para enfrentar esta situación desde las universidades.
Dose-dependent phosphorylation and activation of Hh pathway transcription factors
Authors: Zhou Mengmeng , Han Yuhong , Wang Bing , Cho Yong Suk , Jiang Jin
Published: September 2022

Graded Hedgehog (Hh) signaling is mediated by graded Cubitus interruptus (Ci)/Gli transcriptional activity, but how the Hh gradient is converted into the Ci/Gli activity gradient remains poorly understood. Here, we show that graded Hh induces a progressive increase in Ci phosphorylation at multiple Fused (Fu)/CK1 sites including a cluster located in the C-terminal Sufu-binding domain. We demonstrated that Fu directly phosphorylated Ci on S1382, priming CK1 phosphorylation on adjacent sites, and that Fu/CK1-mediated phosphorylation of the C-terminal sites interfered with Sufu binding and facilitated Ci activation. Phosphorylation at the N-terminal, middle, and C-terminal Fu/CK1 sites occurred independently of one another and each increased progressively in response to increasing levels of Hh or increasing amounts of Hh exposure time. Increasing the number of phospho-mimetic mutations of Fu/CK1 sites resulted in progressively increased Ci activation by alleviating Sufu-mediated inhibition. We found that the C-terminal Fu/CK1 phosphorylation cluster is conserved in Gli2 and contributes to its dose-dependent activation. Our study suggests that the Hh signaling gradient is translated into a Ci/Gli phosphorylation gradient that activates Ci/Gli by gradually releasing Sufu-mediated inhibition.
Comprehensive spatial differentiation of territorial communities: case of Zhytomyr region
Authors: Ilina Maria , Shpyliova Yulia
Published: September 2022

Goal of the research. In 2014 in Ukraine the massive decentralization reform has been initiated. It aimed to transform many single administrative units into much larger territorial communities. Spatial differentiation of the newly consolidated communities by values of their proximity to large cities and urban areas within the case of Zhytomyr region is the goal of the article.

Methods of the research. Zhytomyr region is one of the most successful in Ukraine on implementation of the administrative reform, decentralization and best practices of the communities’ integration. The region had been selected for the in-depth study taking into account its central location, economic situation and the environment. Data of the State statistics agency of Ukraine, governmental and non-governmental institutions and Google Maps was applied to conduct the research and identify the territories’ groups.

The research results. Aiming to perform spatial typology of the newly consolidated territorial communities we differentiated them depending on their proximity to cities and other urban centers firstly. Consequently three types of the communities have been defined: neighboring, relatively remote, and faraway. Distance of the communities to urban centers relates with their area and people size: the closer a territorial unit is located to the city, the smaller is its area and population. Other words, the proximity of a community to the city determines its economic capacity much more than its population and area. Statistical relations between duration of the communities’ consolidation and their spatial types prove the faraway and relatively remote communities have been united earlier than the neighboring. Taking into account the average number of settlements belonging to the one consolidated community it is revealed the closer to the regional center communities include less number of settlements. Two-dimensional classification of the communities by their proximity to regional and rayon centers confirms communities located close to cities and towns have better opportunities for the development.

Novelty of the research results. The presented methodological approach to comprehensive differentiation of the territorial communities can be applied to identify their challenges, threats and prospects. For this purpose, the algorithm is proposed which combines indicators of spatial differentiation of rural areas, their economic status, social infrastructure, and the environment.

Practical significance. The proposed methodological approach to spatial differentiation of rural territories is aimed assisting representatives of the communities, local self-government bodies and state authorities to develop and refine local strategies and programs, update coherent plans and identify target communities for certain projects.
Quantifying wind-induced undercatch in the precipitation measurements at Ukrainian weather stations
Authors: Osypov Valeriy , Bonchkovskyi Andrii , Oreshchenko Andrii , Oshurok Dmytro , Osadcha Natalia
Published: September 2022

Literature overview. Precipitation measurements include random and systematic errors. Systematic errors increase in the following order: evaporation loss, wetting loss, and wind-induced undercatch (World Meteorological Organization, 2008). The last one occurs because of the aerodynamic blockage under the precipitation gauge collector (Baghapour et al. 2017; Sevruk & Nespor, 1994). Field experiments have shown that wind-induced undercatch reaches 14% for rain and 40% for snow for the Tretyakov wind-shielded gauge (Goodison et al., 1998).

In Ukraine, precipitation records omit wind-induced undercatch correction.

This study aims to calculate true precipitation values at Ukrainian weather stations, evaluate existing methodologies for precipitation measurements correction, and create the digital archive of corrected precipitation values based on sub-daily observations.

Material and methods. We used four methods to quantify wind-related errors for the Tretyakov gauge with wind shield proposed by Golubev (Konovalov et al., 2000), Bryazgin (Aleksandrov et al., 2005), Norway meteorological institute (Forland et al., 1996), and Yang (Yang et al., 1995). Sub-daily records were requested from Central Geophysical Observatory named after Boris Sreznevsky covering 207 stations between 1976 and 2019; 187 stations had more than 20 years’ period.

Results. For the Tretyakov gauge, annual wind-induced undercatch ranges from 5 to 9.5%, depending on correction methodology. The highest bias is observed for the solid precipitation – from 17.7 to 27.4%. The precipitation loss increases along with annual wind speed at the weather station (correlation coefficient r = 0.89).

Conclusions. We suggest that Golubev’s and Yang’s methodologies estimate precipitation wind-induced undercatch more accurately at stations where blizzards are often observed, we recommended using the Golubev’s methodology because it takes into account “false” precipitations.

The precipitation loss equals 0.2–4% according to the Golubev’s method at covered weather stations and reaches 13–19% at the bare mountain regions or seashore. Solid precipitation is more sensitive to the influence of wind – snow loss averages 17.3% according to the Golubev methodology or 21% according to the Yang methodology, while rain loss – 2.6% or 6.7%, respectively.

The obtained database with corrected precipitation comprises sub-daily and daily records from 207 Ukrainian stations between 1976 and 2019. It could be used for hydrological and climatological research.
Influence of green infrastructure objects for quality of surface runoff (on the example of green roofs in Kharkiv)
Authors: Maksymenko Nadiya , Burchenko Svitlana , Utkina Kateryna , Buhakova Marharyta
Published: September 2022

Relevance. Modern urbanization processes in Kharkiv are accompanied by an increase in anthropogenic pressure on the natural component, compaction of buildings and reduction of green areas. The concept of green infrastructure is used in many countries around the world; it is the best way to reorganize urban space into modern cities.

The purpose of the article is a determination of quality changes of water runoff after passing through of green roofs in Kharkiv, Ukraine.

Material and methods. A green roof is the roof of a build, partially or completely covered with vegetation and soil layer. Green roofs are divided into “intensive” and “extensive” types. In the research was studied the frequency of use of green roofs in construction and landscaping on the example of Kharkiv, was conducted an inventory of green roofs in Kharkiv. As the number of green roofs in Kharkiv is rather small, is optimal to choice the particular test sites for research. For chemical analysis, were taken samples of snow, surface runoff from the flat, and sloping green roofs and roof without greening for the content of pollutants. Chemical analysis of the samples was performed by the Laboratory of Analytical Ecological Research of V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University. The laboratory has the attestation and certificate of ISO 10012:2005 № 01-0155/2019. The study determined the following indicators: pH, nitrites, nitrates, transparency, smell, turbidity, chlorides, general rigidity, total alkalinity, ammonia, zinc, copper, manganese, cadmium, total iron, chromium. Two types often represent green roofs in Kharkiv: parking roofs and cellars. Points of samples are located at Shevchenkivsky and Kholodnohirsky districts.

Results and discussion. Results of a study of snow and runoff sampling after a green roof and a roof without landscaping show that most water quality indicators improve after water passes through green areas. Thus, at points the pH, general rigidity, alkalinity, concentration of chlorides, chromium are decrease. The green roof of the first point (parking) also reduces the concentration of nitrites, ammonia, zinc and manganese. The concentration of iron also decreases in the second point. However, there is an increase in the concentration of heavy metals in the water due to their accumulation in the substrate of the green roof. The results of the study are can be used by the Post-Soviet countries, as previously the impact of surface runoff was considered only in terms of the flow of pollutants from storm sewers to water bodies.

Conclusion. The results of the study indicate that green roofs contribute to the treatment of runoff, natural replenishment of surface water bodies and groundwater and reduce the load on municipal wastewater treatment plant.
Assessment of environmental risks of underground transport infrastructure development by BOCR method
Authors: Pankratova Nataliya , Nedashkovskaya Nadezhda , Haiko Hennadii , Biletskyi Volodymyr
Published: September 2022

Formulation of the problem. Solving the problems of urban transport communications, in particular the constantly growing intensity of automobile traffic in megalopolises, is one of the main directions of minimizing the environmental and man-made risks of the urban environment. Global concepts of greening large cities pay considerable attention to the possibilities of underground space to take on the functions of the most dangerous and risky surface objects and communications, since the impact of any underground object on the environment is much lower (than similar on the surface) and can be better controlled.

At the same time, planning for the development of underground transport infrastructure should be based on a systematic methodology and tools for analyzing complex systems.

Purpose. It consists in the use of system tools (BOCR method - criteria of benefits, opportunities, costs and risks) for planning underground transport infrastructure of large cities to ensure minimization of environmental and man-made risks of urban space and prioritization for the construction of road tunnels (for example, the General Plan of the Kiev city).

Methodology. A methodology and decision support toolkit for calculating the priorities of alternatives based on hierarchical and network criteria models are proposed. The modified BOCR method developed by the authors (N. Pankratova, N.I. Nedashkovskaya) was applied to assess decision alternatives taking into account benefits, costs, opportunities and risks.

Results. System models of two road tunnels, according to the General plan of the Kiev city until 2025 were developed. Assessment of the models using the BOCR method (criteria for benefits, opportunities, costs and risks) was performed. The priorities of alternatives for tunnels' routes aggregated over a network of parameters and a reasonably expedient sequence of their construction were calculated according to the criteria for reducing the environmental and man-made risks of the urbanized space.

Scientific novelty. For the first time, the target function of the system model for the development of underground infrastructure in large cities is to minimize the environmental and man-made risks of urban space. The capabilities of the modified BOCR method have been expanded and two alternative tunnel track models have been successfully tested.

Practical significance. The research methods and results provide investors, city state administrations and public organizations with an effective toolkit for assessing the priority of the construction of underground urban facilities to regulate urban development in order to improve environmental standards and the safety of life in megacities.
Historical and geospatial aspects of formation of the eco-network of the Transcarpathian region
Authors: Teslovych Mariana , Krychevska Diana
Published: September 2022

Formulation of the problem. For the time being the formation of an ecological network in Ukraine is the most effective way to preserve biological and landscape diversity. This process is characterized by the use of two approaches. The first is based on national legislation, methods of spatial planning in accordance with the geobotanical and landscape features of the region. The second approach is based on the European legislation, in particular, the Bern Convention. Transcarpathian region is no exception. The project of the regional scheme of the ecological network was approved for the region and Areas of Special Conservation Interest (ASCIs – sites of the Emerald network), were determined and adopted by Standing Committee.

Purpose and methods of research. Today there is a need for a comprehensive spatial analysis of the currently existing planning models of the regional ecological network of Transcarpathia and the establishment of the most important areas for biodiversity and landscape diversity protection. The purpose of our study was to characterize the main stages of formation of the ecological network of Transcarpathian region and to establish a list of structural elements of the ecological network, for which it is important to develop measures to protect biodiversity within them.

We analyzed international and national legal documents, cartographic and planning documents to determine and characterize the main stages of development of the ecological network of the region. we compiled maps showing the spatial relationship of nature reserves, elements of the regional eco-network and areas of special conservation interest, using software QGIS 3.16.0, schemes: planning of the eco-network of the Ukrainian Carpathians, eco-network of Transcarpathian region, Transcarpathian territory planning areas; data on the Structural Elements of the Emerald Network, the network of objects of the nature reserve fund and their large-scale plans; detailed plans of forest plantations. Based on the obtained data, we conducted a spatial analysis of the elements in order to identify areas that require additional measures to preserve biotic and landscape diversity.

Results of the research. Based on the obtained data, we have identified and characterized the main stages of formation of the ecological network of the Transcarpathian region. Based on a detailed cartographic analysis, we have identified areas that require natural research on the need for additional measures to preserve biotic and landscape diversity.

Scientific novelty and practical significance. In our article for the first time a comprehensive and detailed spatial analysis of the currently existing planning models of the regional ecological network of Transcarpathia was conducted. For the first time, areas have been identified that do not currently belong to the nature reserve fund and areas of special conservation interest, but need to be studied in terms of their value to preserve biotic and landscape diversity.
An Introduction to Home Care for Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Ding Yiqiong , Wei Ying
Published: September 2022

Esophageal cancer is a common tumor of the digestive tract and is a malignant tumor which affect one’s health and is potentially life threatening. The incidence and mortality rate of esophageal cancer in China is relatively high, with the incidence rate being the sixth highest and the mortality rate being the fourth highest among all malignant tumors. The lesion often occurs in the middle segment of the epithelium of the esophagus, often showing a family tendency, and is more likely to occur in middle-aged and elderly men. The typical symptom of esophageal cancer is progressive dysphagia, first with dry food, then with semi-liquid food, and finally with water and saliva. Treatment is divided into surgical treatment, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and combination therapy. Apart from malnutrition and pain, the treatment can also cause great psychological stress to patients with esophageal cancer. Therefore, diet, pain, and psychological care for patients with esophageal cancer are crucial. Therefore, it more care is given to the patients by medical and nursing staff during hospitalization. However, not much have been discussed about home care for patients with esophageal cancer. In this article, we will talk about the home care of esophageal cancer patients from the following aspects: dietary, pain management, and psychological care.
Perception and Behavior of Teachers about Teacher Targeted Bullying and its Prevention in Tertiary Education Institutes
Authors: Jabeen Sadaf , Gul Fariha , Hanif Saba
Published: September 2022

Purpose: In the past, a number of research studies have been done on bullying, but most of them are in the context of student’s bullying students. The present study highlighted an important issue of teachers being bullied by their students. The purpose of the study was to examine the perception and behavior of teachers about teacher targeted bullying (TTB) and prevention of TTB.

Design/Methodology/Approach: This study was quantitative in nature. The sample comprised of all public and private tertiary education institutions/ colleges of Lahore. The data was collected from one hundred fifty teachers through cluster sampling technique from six public and private tertiary education institutions/ colleges. A self-developed instrument, comprising of statements on frequency, perception, behavior and preventive measures on teacher targeted bullying was used to collect data from respondents.

Findings: The results indicate that the teachers’ awareness level about TTB is low. Furthermore, they are also not aware about the types of bullying they are facing. The response of teachers on preventing bullying is also not very positive while very less teachers are prone to take preventive measures to stop or reduce bullying. The tests on demographic variables indicate that there is difference in opinion on basis of age and work experience of teachers towards teacher targeted bullying.

Implications: Based on results it can be recommended that there is need to aware teachers and administrators about teacher targeted bullying so that they can voice up against it. Additionally, this can also be recommended that the policy clauses should be added and displayed at institutes about teacher targeted bullying.
The Perceptions of Head's Room and Team Leader About Workload and Nurse Planning for Every Shift in Tasikmalaya City Hospital
Authors: Sasyari Usman , Falah Miftahul , Nurlina Fitri
Published: September 2022

The quality of nursing care services can achieve optimal results if the workload and existing nurse resources have a balanced proportion. Currently, the quality of nursing care services is still unsatisfactory and influenced by various problems including problems of planning and scheduling nursing staff at each service shift. The purpose of this study was to identify the perception of the head’s room and team leader about the workload and planning of nursing staff at each service shift in Tasikmalaya City Hospital. The results showed that the perception of the head’s room and the team leader were mostly 20 nurses (51.3%) with good categories. The results of the survey using a questionnaire showed that the head’s room and the team leader stated that the daily workload seemed to make nurses tired and bored. Planning for nursing staff at each service shift, according to the head’s room and team leader, should be adjusted to the workload in their environment. Therefore, it is recommended to make adjustments to meet the needs of the nursing staff. Planning analysis needs to be done so that the placement of nurses in each inpatient room can be adjusted to the needs to improve health services, especially nursing services.
Descriptive Study of Family Support for Hemodialysis Patients on Covid-19 Pandemic 2021
Authors: Melati Nimsi , Munararsi Iluh Sekar Ayu Dea , Dongoran Katarina Oktaviana , Liviana Liviana , Renata Luciana , Januriswanti Yogi
Published: September 2022

Patients with chronic renal failure undergoing hemodialysis (HD) need family support. This Covid-19 pandemic has brought changes to the HD service model by implementing health protocols and policies for limiting HD patient companions. This study was to determine the description of family support for hemodialysis patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study used a quantitative design with a descriptive method. The population in this study were all hemodialysis patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. A purposive sampling technique was used in this study and obtained a number of 53 respondents. The measuring instrument used in this study was a family support questionnaire shared online. The majority of respondents in this study were male (50.9%), aged >50 years (33.9%), married status (62.2%), higher education level (49%), and working in private employment (22.6%). Respondents get good family support (90.5%). The family support obtained by HD patients during the pandemic is in a good category. Good family support is very important for patients in the success of hemodialysis therapy.
Anosmia and Ageusia in Adult Patient with Covid-19
Authors: Wulandari Puji , Widakdo Giri , Slametiningsih Slametiningsih , Fajarini Melati
Published: September 2022

Early detection of COVID-19 disease in the community is essential, one of the ways is by identifying the symptoms of anosmia (loss of sense of smell) and ageusia (loss of sense of taste). However, it is not yet known how the characteristics of these symptoms can be used as a protocol to prevent the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. This study aims to obtain an overview of the prevalence and characteristics of anosmia and ageusia in adult patients with COVID-19 in the community setting. Descriptive research with a retrospective approach was used to collect outpatients’ data at Puskesmas Kecamatan Cempaka Putih from May – June 2021. A total of 105 participants from 400 patients were selected using a simple random sampling with inclusion criteria were patients who confirmed positive for COVID-19 based on the results of the PCR Swab and had symptoms of anosmia and ageusia. Demographic data and general symptoms of COVID-19 were obtained from the Epidemiological Investigation of Suspected COVID-19 form from the Ministry of Health recorded in medical records, Data on prevalence and characteristics of anosmia and age were obtained through a questionnaire consisting of 12 questions made in google form format and distributed via WhatsApp to the participant. Descriptive analysis showed that from a total of 105 patients in the community with anosmia and ageusia, 103 patients (98.1%) reported anosmia, 50 patients (47.6%) had ageusia, and 48 patients (45.7%) experienced both symptoms. Patients experienced anosmia before being diagnosed with COVID-19 (62, 60.2%) and ageusia after being diagnosed with COVID-19 (28, 56.0%). The median duration of anosmia in days (IQR) was 7 (2) and ageusia was 5 (4). Anosmia and ageusia are symptoms experienced by an adult patient with COVID-19 in the community setting. These two symptoms need to be recognised as typical symptoms of COVID-19, added to the early detection of COVID-19, and included in the self-isolation protocol. Further research on the impact of anosmia and age on health and long-term decline in sensory function after COVID-19 needs to be done.
A argumentação e o desenvolvimento do pensamento crítico na construção de caminhos para mitigação de problemas ambientais da cidade de Bonito-PE
Authors: Oliveira Djalma Alves de , Anjos José Ayron Lira dos , Silva Ana Paula Freitas da
Published: September 2022

Problemas socioambientais é uma temática emergente que necessita ser debatida em sala de aula. Em uma cidade turística, onde os problemas ambientais são pouco discutidos, propomos trazer uma análise do processo de argumentação, voltada ao desenvolvimento do pensamento crítico dos estudantes, instigados pela discussão dos problemas ambientais percebidos por estes em sua cidade. Nesse contexto, realizou-se análise das argumentações expostas pelos discentes durante a apresentação das propostas de solução para os problemas socioambientais trabalhados. A metodologia utilizada foi da Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas para instigar a emergência do processo argumentativo, de forma que os discentes apresentassem seu ponto de vista e propostas de solução para os problemas identificados. Percebemos em decorrência do processo, a remodelação das ideias, decorrente da organização de argumentos fundamentados cientificamente e construídos colaborativamente entre os estudantes, o que nos remete a indícios do desenvolvimento do pensamento crítico.
ZnMnCuO Nanoparçacıkların Karakterizasyonu: Fotokatalitik ve Hemolitik Özellikler
Authors: Yalçın Bestenur
Published: September 2022

Çinko oksit (ZnO) temelli nano boyutlu parçacıklar, fotokatalitik etkileri, birim hacim başına oldukça yüksek olan yüzey alanları ve foto-kararlılıklarının yanı sıra, biyolojik potansiyelleri nedeniyle de özellikle son yıllarda oldukça dikkat çekmektedirler. Bu makalede, bakır asetat, çinko asetat ve mangan asetat öncüleri kullanılarak sol-jel yöntemiyle sentezlenmiş nano-boyutlu mangan katkılı çinko-bakır oksit nano-parçacıkların (Zn0.99-xMnxCu0.01O x = 0.00, 0.01, 0.03, 0.05, 0.10), kristal özellikleri, morfolojik yapıları, fotokatalitik performansları ve hemolitik özellikleri araştırılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, yine sol-jel yöntemiyle sentezlenmiş nano boyutlu ZnCuO parçacıklara ait bulgular ile kıyaslamalı olarak verilmiştir. Örneklerin kristal yapı özellikleri ile yüzeylere ait morfolojik özellikler, sırasıyla x-ışını kırınım spektroskopisi (XRD) ve taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM) kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Yapısal karakterizasyonlara ek olarak, Zn0.99-xMnxCu0.01O nanoparçacıkların fotokatalitik özellikleri de model organik molekül olarak kristal viyole (crystal violet - CV) kullanılarak incelenmiş, CV’nin fotokatalitik bozunma süreci ultraviyole-görünür alan (UV-vis) spektroskopisi ile takip edilmiştir. Ayrıca, Zn0.99-xMnxCu0.01O nanoparçacıkların biyomedikal uygulamalar açısından potansiyele sahip olup olmadığının tespiti amacıyla kan uyumluluğu testleri de gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sentezlenen numuneler içerisinde en yüksek fotokatalitik aktivite ve en yüksek kan uyumluluğunun Zn0.94Mn0.05Cu0.01O nanoparçacıklar tarafından gösterildiği tespit edilmiştir. Zn0.94Mn0.05Cu0.01O nanoparçacıklar, 330 dakika sonunda CV başlangıç miktarının %78.1’ini degrade ederken, çalışılan her iki konsantrasyonda (1.0 mg mL-1 ve 5.0 mg mL-1) %5’in altında hemolize sebep olarak belirgin bir kan uyumluluğu göstermiştir.
STANLEY WASHBURN, AMERICAN CORRESPONDENT OF THE BRITISH NEWSPAPER “THE TIMES” ABOUT THE NEED FOR ALLIED ASSISTANCE TO RUSSIA (BASED ON THE MATERIALS OF “THE TIMES” ARCHIVE)
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Bannikova Natalia V.
Published: September 2022

The article analyzes a document sent by the American journalist Stanley Washburn, a war correspondent of the British newspaper The Times during the First World War to the editor of The Times H.W. Steed. The document, which is stored in the Archive of the Times newspaper in London, is a draft article for the American edition of The Red Cross Magazine. Correspondent of The Times informs the American society about Russia’s contribution to the war, in particular, about the losses Russia suffered at the front and the difficulties the country was experiencing inside the country. The correspondent estimated economic potential of Russia in 1914 and talked about the reduction of the opportunities to maintain Russia’s economic and industrial life in a normal state during the war. The journalist analyzed the issues associated with railways and transportation of the wounded and underlined the necessity to provide allied assistance to Russia in order to prevent its withdrawal from the war. In particular, Washburn proposed to help the Provisional Government in solving the food problem in big cities by organizing food warehouses for that purpose and taking care of the supply of flour-milling facilities. The author of the document pays attention to the effective work of helping the wounded and makes recommendations for improving the work of the Red Cross at the front and inside the country.
FOUNDATION OF THE COMMITTEE OF THE NORTH UNDER THE EAST SIBERIAN REGIONAL EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE AS A SOURCE ON THE HISTORY OF HEALTH CARE
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Shalamov Vladimir A. , Shalamova Svetlana A. ,   The State Archives of the Irkutsk region
Published: September 2022

The Committee for Assistance to the Peoples of the Northern Suburbs (the Committee of the North) under the Central Executive Committee of the RSFSR was organized in 1924 and until 1935 provided assistance to the autochthonous population of the northern territories in the formation and development of the economy, political and administrative management, education, healthcare, etc. In the territories of compact residence of the indigenous small population of the North, branches were formed under the local executive committees. The article describes the fund of the Committee of the North under the East Siberian Regional Executive Committee of the first half of the 1930s; the fund is stored in the State Archives of the Irkutsk region. When studying the history of the healthcare system in Eastern Siberia in the 1930s, there is a problem of a shortage of information on the organization of medical care for the autochthonous population. The funds of the health departments under the regional executive committee reflect only part of the information fragmentally interspersed in the general document flow array. The materials of the Committee of the North allow us to fully investigate the state of medical work among the northern nationalities. Together, they represent a valuable source of information about all aspects of life in the North, including the health care system. The foundation’s materials cover the space of the northern regions of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, the Irkutsk Region, the Republic of Buryatia and the Trans-Baikal Territory.
NUMERICAL STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF EVAPORATIVE COOLER SUPPLY AIR OUTLET HEIGHT ON THERMAL COMFORT
Authors: HARUNA IBRAHIM USMAN , RUFAI IBRAHIM AHMAD , YAHAYA BALARABE
Published: September 2022

Thermal comfort in a space equipped with a direct evaporative cooler is a function of the height of the cooler's supply air outlet. This article attempts to numerically investigate the impact of hybrid downdraft evaporative cooler (HDEC) supply outlet height on occupant thermal comfort in an office building. DesignBuilder CFD parametric simulations was carried out by varying the height of the HDEC supply outlet from 0.1m to 2.4 m, step 0.1 m above ground level, using Predictive Mean Vote (PMV) as an objective function. The results show that the best PMV of -0.27 was obtained at 0.4m above the floor level.
ADSORPTION OF NICKEL (II) IONS FROM SOLUTION USING SAWDUST AND MODIFIED SAWDUST
Authors: OLUFEMI BABATOPE , NNANNA EMEKA
Published: September 2022

By varying adsorbate concentration, temperature, contact time, pH, and adsorbent weight, the capacity of non-modified (NM) and modified (M) sawdust adsorbents to adsorb Ni2+ ions were studied in this work. The adsorption of Ni (II) ions rose as the adsorbent weight increased but reduced as the adsorbate concentration increased. Adsorption was greatest at pH 6, with the NM and M adsorbents removing 95.09 and 96.95% of Ni2+ ions, respectively. The highly dependent nature of the percent removal on operational variables was established by employing Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) as well as the Bonferroni-Holm Posthoc statistical test relationship significance. It was discovered that the NM and M sawdust are adequate adsorbents in removing Ni2+ cations from its solution. Freundlich, Langmuir, Temkin and Dubinin Raduschkevich (DR) isotherms were applied to match the sorption data. The adsorption of the two biosorbents was best characterized by the Freundlich isotherm model. Chemisorption was suspected based on the energy values obtained from the Temkin and DR isotherms. The second order kinetics best fit both the NM and M adsorption activities. The ability to absorb Ni (II) ions is impressive.
The Right to Protect Human Dignity Against the Possible Abuse of Science
Authors: ERDOĞAN Tuğçe , TUNA Cem
Published: September 2022

İnsan hakları, insanın sadece insan olması nedeniyle doğuştan sahip olması gereken, onun kişiliğini, değerlerini korumayı ve geliştirmeyi amaçlayan, üstün, evrensel ilke ve kurallar bütünü olarak tanımlanabilir. İnsan hakları, özellikleri
dikkate alındığında birinci kuşak haklar (klasik), ikinci kuşak haklar (sosyal ve ekonomik), üçüncü kuşak haklar (dayanışma) ve dördüncü kuşak haklar (insan onurunu koruma) şeklinde dört kategoriye ayrılmaktadır. İnsanın yalnızca
insan olması nedeniyle değerli ve saygıya layık bir varlık olmasına insan onuru denir. İnsanlık tarihinde insan onurunun ihlal edildiği uygulamalar oldukça fazladır. Bu çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden belgesel (doküman)
incelemesi kullanılmıştır. Dokuman analizi, araştırılması hedeflenen olgu ve olaylar hakkında bilgi içeren yazılı materyalin analizini kapsar. Çalışmada alanyazında insan onuru ve etiğe aykırı olarak bilimin kötüye kullanıldığı
deneyler geçmişten günümüze örnekleriyle verilmiştir. Sonra insan onurunun korunmasına yönelik uluslararası düzenlemeler ortaya konulmuştur. Sonuç olarak geçmişten günümüze bilimin kötüye kullanılması sonucu insan onuruna aykırı
deneyler ve çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Bunları önlemek adına aşama aşama uluslararası sözleşmeler kabul edilmiştir. Bunlardan en önemlisi Avrupa’da 2000 yılında kabul edilen Temel Haklar Bildirgesi önemli ve ileri bir düzenleme getirmiştir.
Dördüncü kuşak haklarla ilgili bu bildirgenin hükümleri genişletilerek tüm dünya ülkeleri için geçerli olmalıdır. İnsan onurunu koruyan uluslararası sözleşmelerin uluslararası denetim mekanizmalarınca denetlenerek, mahkeme ve koruma
tedbirlerinin dünya genelinde tavizsiz uygulanması zorunludur. Bu konuda hukuki, siyasi, askeri çabalara insan hakları eğitimi boyutu artarak devam etmelidir.
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Personal Hygiene Pedagang Daging dan Sanitasi Lingkungan pada Tempat Berjualan Daging di Pasar Mambal Desa Mambal, Abiansemal
Authors: Anggraeni I Gusti Ayu Putu Dian , Astuti Ni Putu Widya , Sumadewi Ni Luh Utari
Published: September 2022

Meat traders in Mambal Market of Mambal Abiansemal Village still do not fulfill the requirement, because of their location are close to vegetable and daily goods traders, so that it affect the sur-rounding odor as well as the air circulation that inhaled by traders and buyers. The aim of this study was to identify factors related with hygiene and sanitation of the meat shops in Mambal Market. The study was a cross sectional design with questionnaire and observation as the data instruments. Based on the results, factors that are related with hygiene and sanitation of the meat shops are: personal hygiene (p-value 0,024), equipment and facilities (p value 0,001), sewerage system (p value 0,001), and meat cutter devices (p value 0,001). Factors which are identified corresponding with personal hygiene and the sanitation of meat shops are: traders do not wear personal protective devices, wear rings and smoke while working, and open sewerage system and no hand-washing facility provided.
Pengaruh Pengalaman Auditor dan Kompetensi terhadap Pendeteksian Kecurangan Laporan Keuangan
Authors: Syifa Hasna Iftinan  , Edi Sukarmanto
Published: September 2022

Abstract. The purpose of this study was to determine how the experience and skills of auditors affect the identification of fraudulent financial reporting. In this study, fraud detection is not seen from the criminal's point of view, but from the perspective of the experience and skills of the auditor. It is the purpose of this study to find out how well auditors can find fraudulent activity on financial statements. Descriptive research using the quantitative methodology used in this study. The research sample consisted of 37 participants, all of whom worked at a Bandung- based Public Accounting Firm. Purposive sampling was used to collect the main data of this study, which were obtained through a questionnaire. Multiple linear regression analysis for hypothesis testing used the SPSS version 26 statistical tool. A positive correlation was found between the identification of financial statement fraud and the expertise and experience of the auditors, as indicated by the tests performed. Further studies should sample more public accounting firms and include more important factors, particularly independent variables, to obtain additional value variations that have an impact on the detection of financial statement fraud.

Abstrak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengalaman dan keterampilan auditor mempengaruhi identifikasi kecurangan pelaporan keuangan. Dalam penelitian ini, pendeteksian kecurangan tidak dilihat dari sudut pandang penjahat, melainkan dari perspektif pengalaman dan keterampilan auditor. Ini adalah tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui seberapa baik auditor dapat menemukan aktivitas penipuan pada laporan keuangan. Penelitian deskriptif menggunakan metodologi kuantitatif yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari 37 partisipan yang semuanya bekerja pada Kantor Akuntan Publik yang berbasis di Bandung. Purposive sampling digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data utama penelitian ini, yang diperoleh melalui kuesioner. Analisis regresi linier berganda untuk pengujian hipotesis menggunakan alat statistik SPSS versi 26. Sebuah korelasi positif ditemukan antara identifikasi penipuan laporan keuangan dan keahlian dan pengalaman auditor, seperti yang ditunjukkan oleh tes yang dilakukan. Studi lebih lanjut harus mengambil sampel lebih banyak kantor akuntan publik dan memasukkan faktor-faktor yang lebih penting, khususnya variabel independen, untuk memperoleh variasi nilai tambahan yang berdampak pada pendeteksian kecurangan laporan keuangan.