bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Co-relation between risk factors of falls down and the Berg balance scale in elderly people (third age)
Authors: Avdić Dijana , Škrbo Armin
Published: May 2018

This study encompassed 77 randomly assigned participants of both sexes and older than 65 of age. Every participant was questioned in his/her own house and completely familiarized with the methodology and the aims of the questionnaire.Out of 27 men, data on falls down were provided by 4 participants (14.81%): one of them lived alone while three of them lived in their families. Out of 50 women, data on falls down were provided by 17 (34%) participants: 9 of them lived in their families and 8 lived alone. Out of all living alone women 44% fell down twice or more during this study in comparison to 20% of living alone men.Regarding the values of the score of risk factors obtained throughout the questionnaire and the Berg balance scale, there are statistically significant differences between men and women (p < 0.005, i.e. p < 0.01), as well as participants that have never fallen down (p < 0.001, i.e. p < 0.01), while regarding the life style (living alone or in the family) there are no statistically significant differences (P > 0.05). Nowadays, the Berg balance scale is the most frequently used questionnaire that is, in total, significantly superior to other ever utilized tests.Average values of results obtained throughout the Berg balance scale in this study are statistically significantly higher in men and those participants who did not provide data on falls down, while regarding the life style there are no statistically significant differences.
Experimental design - basic considerations
Authors: Vranić Edina
Published: May 2018

Experimental design is a critically important tool for improving the performance of a manufacturing process. It has also extensive application in the development of new processes. It is important to investigate all factors that may be of importance and to not be overly influenced by past experience, particularly when we are in the early stages of experimentation or when the process is not very mature.
The Bcl-2 protein: a prognostic indicator strongly related to ER and PR in breast cancer
Authors: Bilalović Nurija , Vranić Semir , Hasanagić Senad , Basić Hiba , Tatarević Aida , Bešlija Semir , Selak Ivan
Published: May 2018

Bcl-2, the protein product of the Bcl-2 gene, is a member of the Bcl-2 family of proteins that play a crucial role in a complex mechanism of apoptosis. It was recently proposed that bcl-2 could inhibit cancer progression. In this study, we evaluated the expression patterns of Bcl-2, estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors (PR) in 71 primary invasive breast carcinomas and their association with other clinicopathological parameters. Samples from 71 patients with invasive breast cancer with follow-up ranging from 4-103 months (median 57 months) were included in the study. Forty-six patients (66%) obtained a complete response, while 5 (9%) were considered non-responders during the follow up period of 103 months. Eighteen (25%) patients died, 15 (21%) from primary disease and 3 (4%) from other disease. In unvaried analysis, tumor size (<2 cm), lymph node (<4 lymph nodes), hormonal status and Bcl-2 expression are correlated with longer overall (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS). Patients with 4 or more positive axillary lymph nodes had significantly shorter OS (p=0.01) and RFS (p=0.009). Higher expression of Bcl-2 was associated with longer OS (p=0.02) and RFS (p=0.03), and this result were independent of axillary lymph nodes and tumor size in Cox multivariate analysis.
Impact of ABO blood groups on the fertility of different parental pairs
Authors: Berberović Ljubomir , Redžić Amira , Sosić Bojan
Published: May 2018

Classical works dealing with the possibility of mother-child incompatibility with regard to basic ABO blood groups give contradictory conclusions. Bioreproductive and population-genetic indicators have been studied in a sample of live births and in two pregnancy samples with different "a priori" and "a posteriori" risk assessment. The analysis points out that ABO blood groups can influence fertility of differentparental pairs, and consequently--assessment of the individual pregnancy risk.
Serum activity of Angiotensin converting enzyme and blood pressure response to acute dynamic exercise
Authors: Nakać-Ićindić Emina , Hadžimuratović Adnan , Huskić Jasminko , Hadžović Almira , Začiragić Asija , Avdagić Nešina
Published: May 2018

Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) plays an important role in blood pressure regulation not only in the state of rest, but also during physical exercise. The aim of this study was to estimate the serum ACE activity in response to acute dynamic exercise. The study involved a group of young, healthy, male volunteers (average 22 years of age). Exercise testing was carried out on ergometer bicycle according to the protocol of individually adjusted continuous, constant workload (3 W/kg). The activity of ACE in serum was measured in venous blood, in the period of rest, in 4th, 8th and 12th minute of exercise and 1st, 3rd and 6th minute of recovery by spectrophotometric method. Marked inter-individual differences in basal serum ACE activity were determined (range 8, 31-63, 72 U/L). Serum ACE activity did not significantly vary during exercise and in the period of recovery. Systolic blood pressure changed during exercise compared to values during rest period in accordance with the applied type of dynamical exercise. Diastolic blood pressure did not vary considerably during exercise. Statistically significant correlation between mean arterial blood pressure and ACE activity in the serum was not found. The lack of increase of ACE activity in the serum, in spite of changes in blood pressure values, most likely shows the presence of alternative ACE independent pathway involved in the production of vasoactive substances that have important role in the regulation of cardiovascular system response to acutedynamic exercise.
Clinical and anatomical study of the human mental foramen
Authors: Smajilagić Amer , Dilberović Faruk
Published: May 2018

The great diffusion of the surgical techniques in jaws surgery and the progress of the radiological imagining procedures expressed many interest in clinical anatomy of the mental foramen (MF). The study goal was to determine the precise location of the MF and the surrounding anatomical landmarks. Measurements of the MF position relative to the surgical landmarks and related posterior teeth were made on 20 dry mandibles with complete dentition and intact alveolar bridge obtained from the Institute of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University in Sarajevo. The measurements were made by anthropometric methods on the booth sides of the mandible, and compared with measurement made on the orthopantomogram radiographs of the same mandibles. The most common position of the MF was in line with the longitudinal axis of the second premolar. In the vertical plane on the skulls the MF lays in the midpoint of the distance between the lower border of the mandible and the alveolar margin, however on the orthopantomogram MF appeared slightly bellow the midpoint. In the horizontal plane it lays approximately one third of the distance between the mandibular symphysis and the posterior border of the ramus of the mandible measurement from A-P projection and one quarter of that distance measurement from the profile projection. There were no significant differences between distances MF from posterior border of the ramus of the mandible measurement from A-P and profile projection and the one obtained on orthopantomogram and their ratio is constant value determine das 1,065. The MF was on average 25 mm lateral to the mandibular skeletal midline and symmetrical, and symmetry was preserved on the orthopantomogram. The measurement showed significant differences in distances of M from superior border mandible measurement on dry mandible and orthopantomogram radiographs while distance bellow the MF was not significantly different. The constant values of MF distance to the posterior border of the ramus of the mandible measured as 1,065 and the distance to the medial skeletal line of 2,11 made it possible to also determine average angle of 43 degrees stream of the cor-pus of the mandible behind MF. These values in combination with ratios of MF to the different anatomic landmarks designated as relative horizontal and relative vertical position, would be of importance not only from anatomical but also from practical point of view for estimation of alveolar bridge resorption and preoperative analysis in orthognat postresection or implant surgery in the mandible.
Endothelin in health and disease
Authors: Nakaš-Ićindić Emina , Začiragić Asija , Hadžović Almira , Avdagić Nešina
Published: May 2018

Endothelin is a recently discovered peptide composed of 21 amino acids. There are three endothelin isomers: endothelin -1 (ET-1), endothelin -2 (ET-2) and endothelin - 3 (ET-3). In humans and animals levels of ET-1, ET-2, ET-3 and big endothelin in blood range from 0,3 to 3 pg/ml. ET-1, ET-2 and ET-3 act by binding to receptors. Two main types of the receptors for endothelins exist and they are referred to as A and B type receptors. Different factors can stimulate or inhibit production of endothelin by endothelial cells. Mechanical stimulation of endothehum, thrombin, calcium ions, epinephrine, angiotensin II, vasopressin, dopamine, cytokines, growth factors stimulate the production of endothelin whereas nitric oxide, cyclic guanosine monophosphate, atrial natriuretic peptide, prostacyclin, bradykinin inhibit its production. Endothelins have different physiological roles in human body but at the same time their actions are involved in the pathogenesis of many diseases.The aim of this review was to present some of, so far, the best studied physiological roles of endothelin and to summarize evidence supporting the potential role of ET in the pathogenesis of certain diseases.
Changes in blood vessels in fetuses 4 to 9 months intrauterine life old by postmortem angiography method
Authors: Kulenović Amela , Dilberović Faruk
Published: May 2018

We monitored changes in caliber, position and branching of blood vessels in fetuses of 4 - 9 months of intrauterine life. By precise dissection we prepared starting parts of common carotid artery and internal jugular vein in 40 cadaver fetuses. The vessels were injected with Telebrix and subjected to postmortem angiography at the Institute of Radiology Clinics Center in Sarajevo. Thereafter, arteries obtained were compared and analyzed. In preparations of few months old fetal material we observed arteries of fairly straight course, low caliber and with no observable ramification. When preparations of more mature stillborn infants were examined, we detected arteries of undulating course, more expressed ramification and higher caliber. In stillborn babies, all three arteries are of high caliber with rich branching. Considering that in this phase of brain development sulcuses are relatively wide, we can say that course of arteries is partially tortuous. Analysis of venous vessels shows good distinction of venous sinuses and sub-arachnoidal cisterns. We can conclude with great certainty that the changes occur in position, caliber and relationship among vessels in fetus during the period of brain sulci and gyri formation.
Clinical characteristics of rotaviruses disease
Authors: Zvizdić Šukrija , Telalbašić Sađida , Bešlagić Edina , Čavaljuga Semra , Maglajlić Jasminka , Zvizdić Amra , Hamzić Sadeta
Published: May 2018

Rotaviruses are the major causes of viral gastroenteritis in infant and the young children. There are a wide spectrum of clinical signs and symptoms of rotavirosis. Rotavirus infection is fecal-oral infection. Rotaviruses prove with Latex agglutination test and electron microscopy. In a four year period 943 stool samples out of 527 hospitalized patients had been analyzed. A presence of rotavirus is proved with a LA and EM tests at 170 (32,2%) patients age 0-7 years, in their stool samples. Analyzing age groups of these patients, it was found that the rotavirusesinfection the most frequently occurred at age group from 7-24 months. From 170 positive patients, 122 or 71,8% were in this age group. At all patients was found diarrhea, vomiting in a 90,5% cases. Mild fever had 65,5% patients, signs of a respiratory infection appeared at 60,7% patients, abdominal pain at 13,3% patients. Severe dehydration had 49,9% patients and metabolic acidosis had 79,2% cases. Macroscopically blood in stool had 6,4% patients, slime in a stool 46,0% patients was found, and aholic stool had 8,4% patients. In all hospitalized patients disease lasted in average 12,6 days, and the hospitalization in average 10,2 days. None of the patient had any kind of complication, all of them very successfully cured. These results confirm that rotaviruses are important health problem among infant and the young children in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Birth order influence on the anthropometric properties of the boys from Tuzla region
Authors: Hadžihalilović Jasminka , Redžić Amira , Terzić Rifat , Jusupović Fatima , Hadžihalilović Amir , Osmić Munevera
Published: May 2018

Birth order and its effect on growth and development of children and youths have rarely been studied so far. The objective of this research was an analysis of the birth order effects on some anthropometric properties of the boys 11-16 years old. The sample consisted of 748 boysfrom the Tuzla region. As the sample included very few boys born as the third, forth, or fifth child, we decided to consider only the differences in the mean values for some anthropometric parameters between the groups of the first- and the second-born. Measurements were taken according to IBP and the following parameters were investigated: body height, body mass, chest circumference, upper arm circumference, upper leg circumference, sitting height, arm length, leg length, pelvis width, shoulders width, length and width of head. We established that in most generations the firstborn boys have larger mean values for most anthropometric variables in comparison to the second-born.
The significance of the extracranial-intracranial anastomoses of carotid system in occlusion of internal carotid artery
Authors: Kulenović Amela , Dilberović Faruk
Published: May 2018

The existence of collateral circulation in patients with impaired intracranial circulation was studied. We analysed angiograms of 35 patients of the Neurology Clinic of Clinical Centre in Sarajevo with occlusion of internal carotid artery. In majority cases collateral circulation was not established. In patients with occlusion of internal carotid artery, extracranial-intracranial anastomoses were established in some cases, with results of surviving and patients recovery. Collateral circulation based on blood vessels which are formed in the early stages of fetal life. Some embryonal arteries undergo an involution process, while the other part of blood vessels stay unfunctional during life, until cerebrovascular disease appearence, when it comes to their activation. Establishing of the collateral circulation in post-occlusiv status depend on great number of factors: number of anastomoses, their calibre,velocity of occlusion and complete vascular status of patients.
Arguments for Human Therapeutic Cloning
Authors: Pavelić Krešimir
Published: May 2018

For over 30 years, many Western governments have regulated scientific research involving human subjects. According to Knoppers (1) implementation of regulation followed a long and checkered history of research abuse. The regulations evolved largely in response to ethical violations. The Nuremberg Codex exemplifies the progression. It was adopted in 1947. At the conclusion of Nazi Doctors Trial.Spectacular technical and conceptual advances in modern biology and molecular medicine have solved many problems in a short time. Genetic diagnostics extended well beyond simple inheritance testing, and is now moving into all areas of pathology. Gene therapy, although in a phase of consolidation after an exuberant youth, holds real promise. Understanding of the molecular basis of tissue differentiation, perhaps with the use of nuclear transfer techniques, may allow creation of histocompatible tissue for transplantation purposes (2).Scientific work will have propounds long-term consequences for medicine, leading to the elucidation of the underlying molecular mechanisms of disease and thereby facilitating the design of rational diagnostics and therapeutics targeted at those mechanisms.All molecular medicine must operate within a social and ethical context.Prominence of ethical controversy (i.e. presymptomatic genetical testing, or human therapeutically cloning) will very likely diminish with time, as the products of molecular medicine range further away from establishing pure diagnostic and into therapy.One of the major issues of today’s modern medicine is therapeutically cloning. The main practical purpose of cloning is to generate genetically modified animals to serve as bioreactors. The cloning of mammals is fascinating biological problem, although it is difficult to perform and attempts are rarely successful. The reproductive cloning of humans is likely to cause more individual concern than real social effects, as it is unlikely to became a widespread method of reproduction even if possible and safe.
Detrusor contraction duration and strength in the patients with benign prostatic enlargement
Authors: Aganovic Damir , Prcic Alden
Published: May 2018

OBJECTIVE: examine detrusor contraction duration (DCD) in relation with obstruction grade and strength of detrusor contractility; analyze individual correlations of this parameter with urodynamic, physiological and symptoms variables in patients with benign prostatic enlargement (BPE).SAMPLE AND METHODOLOGY: 102 patients with proved BPE, underwent complete urodynamic measurements (UDM), namely uroflowmetry, cystometry and pressure/flow studies. Postvoid residual urine (PVR) was measured and the International Prostate Symptom Score (I-PSS) was fulfilled by each patient. Methodology of measurement and definitions of UDM are based on definitions and terminology defined by the International Continence Society.RESULTS: After grouping the patients (average age 64,7+8,5) related to obstruction grades according to the Schafer nomogram, ANOVA has shown a group extension of the detrusor contraction duration related to higher levels of obstruction (LinPURR 0-VI; p<0,01), which is also followed by stronger detrusor contractility (Pdetmax; p<0,001). Dichotomizing of the patients with DCD cut off point 90 sec. has shown that 67% patients with underactive detrusor have DCD>90 sec, while extension of DCD and increase of the obstruction level are directly related to preserved detrusor contractility only in 20,5% cases. There is neither statistically significant difference of DCD in the patients that are not in obstruction allocated in two groups depending on detrusor contraction strength, (t=1.2, p>0.05); nor in the patients who are in obstruction range, divided on the same way (t=0.568, p>0.05). There is also no difference of the same patients groups regarding PVR (t=1.38 and t=1.17, p>0.05). Individual correlation of DCD with I-PSS has not been shown (r=0.16, p>0.05), although there is a statistically significant correlation with its obstructive subset (r=0.20, p<0.05), as well as, with LinPUR and URA nomograms (r=0.33, r=0.29; respectively, p<0.005) and with Pdetmax (r=0.26, p<0.01), PdetQmax (r=0.24, p<0.05), Qmax and Qaver (r=0.31, p<0.005). DCD does not have individual correlations with patients’ age, prostate volume and with cystometric capacity.CONCLUSION: DCD is rather independent urodynamical variable, which does not correlate with I-PSS. Generally, DCD is prolonged during obstruction, while extension of DCD only partially depends on detrusor contraction strength. Practically, individual correlations of DCD with the urodynamic factors, which characterize obstructions, are modest.
Etiological findings in endodontic-periodontal infections
Authors: Lačević Amela , Vranić Edina , Zulić Irfan
Published: May 2018

The endodontium and periodontium are closely related and disease of one may lead to secondary disease in the other. The differential diagnosis of endodontic and periodontal disease is of vital importance, so that the appropriate treatment can be done. Microorganisms play a primary role in endodontic and periodontal infections. The magnitude of the host response will be directly proportional to the virulence and the number of microbial cells present. Tissue damage caused by bacteria is mediated by either direct or indirect mechanisms. Direct harmful effects caused by bacteria involve their products, such as enzymes (collagenase, hyaluronidase, condroitinase, acid phosphatase), exotoxins and metabolites (bytrate, propionate, ammonium polyamines, sulphured compounds). In addition, bacterial components such as peptidoglycan, teichoic acid, fimbriae, outer membrane proteins, capsule, and lypopolysaccharide, stimulate the development of host immune reaction capable of causing severe tissue destruction.
Clinical presentation of primary congenital hypothyroidism: experience before mass screening
Authors: Tahirović Husref , Toromanović Alma
Published: May 2018

Primary congenital hypothyroidism is a common preventable cause of mental retardation. Neonatal thyroid screening is highly successful in early diagnosis and the improvement of developmental prognosis in the hypothyroid neonate. However, rarely cases could be missed, so doctors must be aware of the earl symptoms and signs of hypothyroidism. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to emphasize the presenting clinical features of primary congenital hypothyroidism at the age of diagnosis. The study population included 17 children with primary congenital hypothyroidism who attended the Department of Pediatrics, University Clinical Center Tuzla between 1986 and 1999. The diagnosis of all patients was confirmed by serum thyroid function tests (T4 and TSH). Of the 17 patients 10 (58.8%) were diagnosed in the first three months of life and 3 of them (17.6%) between fourth and sixth month of life. Four children (23.5%) were diagnosed after the age of six months. In the first three months of life hypothermia, constipation, jaundice, poor feeding, hoarse cry, macroglossia and hypoactivity were the moste common symptoms. Among the 17 patients with primary congenital hypothyroidism 5 of them (29.4 %) were diagnosed to have disgenetic thyroid tissue and 12 (70.6%) as having dyshormonogenesis. TSH and T4 levels were higher in patients in whom thyroid tissue was dysgenetic as comapared with those with dyshormonogenesis but the difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Now it is expected that neonatal screening program in Bosnia and Herzegovina Federation will contribute to the detection of primary congenital hypothyroidism in early days of life. However, until an effective screening test is not yet routine in whole country, paediatricians should consider the diagnosis of hypothyroidism whenever it is clinically suggested.
Evaluation of efficiency: practical issues in the management of childhood asthma
Authors: Nikšić Dragana , Saračević Ediba , Ćemerlić- Kulić Aida , Kurspahić-Mujčić Amira , Bajraktarević Selena , Nikšić Haris
Published: May 2018

Asthma is the most common chronic illness in children and adolescents. The pediatric "Asthma School" has been established to improve the health and quality of life of children with asthma through education and support. The purpose of work is evaluation of efficiency education adolescents, children and parents in prevention, adequate use medications and control of asthma. It was operational investigation. The study was enrolled 70 participants from 7 cities in FBiH, which were attended "Asthma School". Evaluations of efficiency of education program have been done through questionnaires using 5-point scale. Observing variables were: attitude about quality of education and level of knowledge about asthma at the end of the educational round. "Asthma School" attended 62 parents and 8 adolescents. The age of children was 6-14 years. The most of participants were with middle school education (64.3%). Successfulness of seminar was score with highest point of scale by 79%. Access to health information was important for patients in adequate treating illness (80.6%) and in prevention of asthma (15%). There was a significant improvement for 38,4% in the basic knowledge of asthma among participants, from 2.7 before to 3.8 after education. Among 20 children that have learned proper technique breathing there was not register worsening symptoms of asthma by 83.4%. There was a significant improvement in the condition of patient, following by greater value PEF (72.3% participants). The results implicate necessity of continuity such action in order to make life of young asthma patient.
Cytogenetic findings at Down syndrome and their correlation with clinical findings
Authors: Ćatović Amra , Kendić Sulejman
Published: May 2018

Down syndrome is a genetic state characterized by trisomy of chromosome 21. In the retrospective study for 12 years period (1991-2002) we have conducted correlation between cytogenetics analyses and clinical findings in our centre at 96 male and 83 female patients. Down syndrome was confirmed by cytogenetics analyses in 84 (87.5%) male patients and excluded in 12 (12.5%) male patients. Most common karyotype is free trisomy found in 139 (89.7%) examinees, than follows translocation form determined in 9 (5.8%), and mosaicism determined in 7 (4.5%) examinees. Our results indicate that cytogenetics analyses are necessary to confirm diagnosis of Down syndrome.
Cystatin C as a marker for detection of early renal failure in diabetes type 2 patients
Authors: Aščić - Buturović Belma , Čavaljuga Semra
Published: May 2018

The epidemiological studies have show dramatic increase and prevalence of end stage renal disease in patients with type 2 diabetes therefore early markers of diabetic nephropathy need to be identified (1). During the treatment of patients at the Clinic of endocrinology, diabetes mellitus and metabolic diseases in Sarajevo, we observed a necessity of application of new markers in assessment of early renal failure. Serum cystatin C level is another marker of renal function. Cystatin C is freely filtered at the level of the glomerulus and virtually all is re-absorbed and metabolized by the proximal tubular cells. Serum cystatin C is a screening test and an early indicator and predictor of the development of renal failure.AIM OF THE STUDY:To estimate correlation among cystatin C, serum creatinine and albuminuria in diabetes type 2 patients for assessment of early renal failure. Serum cystatin C as a screening test has to be considered in the treatment of diabetes type 2 patients for assessment of early renal failure.
Heart Murmur and Anaemia in the Pediatric Population
Authors: Mesihović-Dinarević Senka , Ibrahimović Jasna , Hasanbegović Edo , Ićindić-Nakaš Emina , Smajić Aida
Published: May 2018

Innocent heart murmurs are hearth murmurs that occur in patients with a normal heart structure. They do not represent a disease of the heartand vascular system, and should not be treated as such. Iron-deficiency anaemia often causes, along with other symptoms, systolic heart murmurs and tachycardia. It appears in children of all ages representing a most common haematological paediatric disease. To establish the influence of iron-deficiency anaemia on genesis of innocent murmurs and to compare auscultatory and phono-electrocardiographic findings in patients with anaemia and heart murmurs before and after iron therapy. The study includes 120 patients with innocent heart murmurs that have been auscultated at cardio-rheumatic outpatient department of Pediatric Clinic of the Clinical Center of the University of Sarajevo, during the period from 01/01/2004 to 31/12/2004. Further diagnostic procedure, i.e. laboratory tests, diagnosed iron-deficiency anaemia in 30/120 patients. These patients have been followed in this study. 22/30 patients had systolic murmur I/II intensity of Levin scale; 8/30 patients had II/VI systolic murmurs of intensity by Levin. The highest number of examinees had 0-1 years of age, and in this group the number of boys was higher than the number of girls (M: F = 12:4). During the auscultatory and phono-ECG examinations of murmurs, 6 patients had haemoglobin values less than 95 g/l, which corresponds to an average and severe type of anaemia. 24 patients had haemoglobin values between 95 and 110 g/l, which corresponds to benign type of anaemia. The most numerous were patients aged between 0 - 1 year (3 patients with hemoglobin value Hb < 95 g/l, 13 patients with hemoglobin value Hb 95-110 g/l). All patients were treated with iron medicaments. After three months, clinical and laboratory re-evaluation was performed and it has demonstrated that after iron therapy 24 patients had level of a haemoglobin Hb >110 g/l and 6 patients had haemoglobin levels between 95 and 110 g/l. By auscultatory and phono-ECG examinations, murmurs of a level of intensity I/II was registered in only one child, while in the other 29 patients there were not any registered heart murmurs. Diagnosis of anaemia in the paediatric population group delays definitive diagnosis of heart murmurs. Innocent murmurs in children with sideropenic anaemia occur as its consequence. After adequately conducted iron therapy, i.e. cured anaemia, heart murmurs were not auscultated.
Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy in Orthopaedic Diseases
Authors: Trebinjac Suad , Mujić-Skikić Emela , Ninković Marina , Karaiković Eldin
Published: May 2018

The application of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) as a treatment for different orthopaedic conditions has experienced a rapid increase over the last several years. However the mechanism of action and the therapeutic effect is not clear. The aim of this study was to review the literature about the efficacy of ESWT in the treatment of plantar fasciitis, lateral epicondylitis, shoulder painful disorders and non-union fractures. Only randomized controlled studies published in the last 5 years were retrieved from electronic database and manual search. Results on efficacy of ESWT are controversial. Studies that have claimed therapeutic benefit did not fulfill scientific criteria and controlled randomized trials were not able to confirm significant improvement after treatment with ESWT.
Cerebrovascular insult hospital cases in West Hercegovina Canton from 1998 to 2002
Authors: Vasilj Ivan , Čavaljuga Semra , Lučić Tomo , Kvesić Ferdo
Published: May 2018

Analysis of a cerebro-vascular insult hospitalised cases from West Herzegovina Canton as a retrospective epidemiological study was done in Clinical hospital Mostar for the period from 1998 to 2002. The major source of data was medical documentation of this hospital, the only hospital for the treatment of 88,257 inhabitants from this Canton. The study included a total of 393 cerebro-vascular insult cases from this Canton treated in the Clinical hospital Mostar Among them 189 (48.1%) were male patients, while 204 (51.9%) cases were female. The majority of the cases were above 50 years of life. Majority of treated female patients were older then 65, while among male patients the majority were between 50 and 65 years old. The least number of cases was under 50 years in both groups. During the same period risk factors research for entire FBiH was performed on the sample of 2,750 national insurance holders. Out of them 1.7% was found to suffer of cerebro vascular insult.
Higher Mortality Risk of Lungs Carcinoma in Vineyard Sprayers
Authors: Šantić Žarko , Puvačić Zlatko , Radović Svjetlana , Puvačić Sandra
Published: May 2018

This study investigated mortality rate of lungs carcinoma in professional vineyard sprayers. Clinical investigation was performed in 187 professional vineyard sprayers who had been exposed to the inhalation of the particles of Bordeaux mixture for 24 years on average. Bordeaux Mixture is used for prevention against mildew attacking vineyards. The control group was composed of 187 inhabitants of the same area who did not have any contact with the mentioned substance. A cytological investigation of the sputum specimens obtained from 104 tested inhabitants was performed. The sputum specimens were stained with standard haematoxy-lin-eosin method and also with special metod (rubeanic acid) to prove the incidence of copper granules in macrophages. The findings show a considerable statistical difference in the frequency of occurrence of lungs carcinoma between the group of vineyard sprayers smokers and the control group (X2=4.77, p<0.01). The risk of lungs carcinoma in the vineyard sprayers was three times higher compared to the risk of smokers in the control group, with a statistical probability of 95% in the scope from 1.16<RR<7.78. Mortality risk of lungs carcinoma in the professional vineyard sprayers is significantly higher (p<0.01) compared to the risk in the control group.
Dental treatment of patients with kidney diseases: A review
Authors: Sulejmanagić Halid , Sulejmanagić Naida , Prohić Samir , Šečić Sadeta , Mišeljić Sanja
Published: May 2018

In their practice, every dentist is brought into a situation to treat patients with grossly impaired kidney function. Kidney diseases, whether acute or acquired, imply a number of body dysfunctions such as prolonged bleeding, high blood pressure, infection tendency, etc. which, in turn, pose a threat involving serious complications in cases of dental interventions in these patients. The aim of this article is to provide a review of current dental practice in patients with kidney disease. This implies dental intervention and preparations of patients with chronic renal disease, nephritic syndrome, patients on dialysis, and patients with kidney transplants. Certainly, cooperation between the dentist and nephrologist is imperative for the appropriate dental treatment of patients with grossly impaired renal function.
Genetic Examination of Children Suffering from Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Saračević Ediba , Redžić Amira
Published: May 2018

CFTR protein (cystic fibrosis trans membrane conductance regulator) is expressed in multiple epithelial tissues, including upper and lower respiratory tracts, pancreas, sweat glands and gastrointestinal tract. More than 800 mutations and 100 polymorphic variants of DNA sequences were identified in patients with CF (Cystic fibrosis) and CFTR- diseases. In this study, genetic CFTR analysis of the children suffering from chronic lung disease (cystic fibrosis) is presented. They are treated and regularly controlled at the Pediatric hospital Sarajevo. CFTR analysis was done in 9 cases, 4 boys (44.4%) and 5 girls (55.55%). There are 3 children (33.3%) in the age group 1 to 3 years, 1 child (11.1%) in the age group 3 to 6 years, 3 children (33.3%) in the age group 6 to 9 years and 2 children (22.2%) in the age group 9 to 12 years. Genetic analysis was conducted at the Medical center for molecular biology School of Medicine, Ljubljana. PCR method with PAGE and direct sequestration on ABI PRISM 31 was applied. The majority of children (7 children, i.e. 7777%) had CFTR mutation Δ F 508 whilst one child had G542X mutation and one child R1174 mutation. The purpose of this study is to emphasize the need for CFTR gene identification in the institutes of our country.
Therapeutic flexible bronchoscopy in child with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Selimović Amina
Published: May 2018

The report deals with the case of a 10-year-old girl with chronic cystic fibrosis. She has been repeatedly treated at the hospital. She has been hospitalized due to respiratory deterioration. Cystic fibrosis is a rare disease, inherited autosomaly recessively, but is very complex in terms of diagnostic and treatment (2). The diagnosis is confirmed based on a clinical picture of the child, measure of Chloride in the sweat, chest X-ray, CT thorax, laboratory findings--genetic confirmation CFTR ( cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator) genes (3), which result in the production of hyper-viscous mucus and chloride malabsorption in the sweat glands ducts (5,6). Bronchial thickening and plugging and ring shadows suggesting bronchiectasis, segmental or lobar atelectasis are often. Computer tomography of the chest can be used to detect and localize thickening of bronchial airways walls, mucus plugging, hyperinflation and early bronchieactasiae. Pulmonary therapy: the object is to clear secretions from airways and to control infection (7). The diagnosis is originally set when she was 4 years old. She is now admitted due to a deterioration of the main disease. Day before admission in the hospital had a higher bodily temperature, cough and difficult breathing. She already treated conservatively (Ceftazidim, Ceftriakson, Kloksacillin) Since the girl is a chronic patient with bronchiectasie chronic walls of bronchi changes full of the mucus, who is not responding to conservative treatment (antibiotics), therapeutic and diagnostic flexible bronchoscopy had to be performed, resulting in a gram-negative bacteria pseudomonas aeruginosa--a typical bacteria for chronically sick C. F.

PATIENT:

A pseudomonas therapy was prescribed according to the sensitive antibiogram, during which bronchoscopy was given locally on changes mucous pulmozyme and garamycin. Flexible bronchoscopy was performed as therapeutic. Local bronchoscopy findings:by aspiration of tracheo-bronchal truncus it was found hyperemia and a lot of mucous sticky secretion inside of tracheobronchal tree, especially middle lobe right side, lingual and basals part of the lungs. It was performed broncho-alveolar lavage and given steroids on the place of changed inflamed mucous membrane of the bronchi. It was also given pulmozyme to destroid mucous and make better spontaneously expectorations. Control chest x ray was performed and it was better.
A Case of T/null Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma Arising in Lung
Authors: Ćerimagić Zenaida , Guska Safet , Banjanović Bedrudin
Published: May 2018

Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a rare non-Hodgkin, T-cell lymphoma, representing only 2-3% of all lymphoid neoplasm's in adults according to World Health Organization (WHO). CD30 antigen-positive, large neoplastic cells characterize ALCL. We present here a 46-year-old male with pulmonary ALCL previously diagnosed with Hodgkin disease. Microscopically, atypical bi-and multinucleated cells with frequent mitoses were present. The neoplastic cells were large and had clear cytoplasm, large vesicular nuclei, and prominent nucleoli. Immunophenotypic analysis revealed LCA, vimentin and CD30 positivity. ALK immunostaining was negative. Immunohistochemical profile was consistent with ALK negative ALCL. The progression of Hodgkin lymphoma to aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma (ALCL in this case) is well known entity. After the diagnosis was established, our patient immediately had been referred to the Department of Hematology in order to get appropriate chemotherapy, necessary in such cases.
The Effects of Combined Insulin and Metformin Therapy in Obese Patients with Diabetes Mellits Type 2 in the Early Stage of the Disease
Authors: Mujić-Skikić Emela , Trebinjac Suad , Avdić Dijana , Džumhur-Sarić Amra
Published: May 2018

Combination of insulin and metformin has been shown to improve glycaemic control in clinical trials, particularly in obese patients with diabetes type 2. Insulin therapy can improve function of pancreatic beta cells and periphery insulin activity in target cells in order to enhance glycaemic homeostasis (1, 2, 3). In our study we included obese patients with diabetes type 2 in the early stage of the disease. The study is partially retrospective and partially prospective. The study encompassed 40 patients split in two groups. The first group of 20 patientsreceived insulin therapy combined with metformin, while the patients of the second group were treated with oral antidiabetic drugs, sulfonylureas and metformin. Three months later, the group treated with insulin and metformin showed improvement in the monitored parameters, namely significant reduction in HbA1c (p = 0.003), MFBG (p = 0.0009), PPG (p = 0.028). Insulin therapy administered together with metformin, in obese patients with diabetes type 2, in the early stage of the disease, resulted in well regulated fasting blood glycaemia, as well as post challenge glycaemia and HbA1c.
Mean of CA 125 in making therapy decision in adnexal inflammatory tumors
Authors: Nikolić Branka , Mitrović Ana , Lazić Jelena
Published: May 2018

Laboratory findings such are white blood count and sedimentation rate are of relative value in inflammations of the upper genital tract and adnexal inflammatory tumors. Antibiotics are administrated in all cases according to the protocol but some of them need operative treatment also. Inflammatory tumors can develop in endometriotic and even in cancer adnexal masses. CA 125 is elevated in great number of patients with advanced ovarian cancer. It can also be elevated in endometriosis, inflammations and in non-gynecological malignancies. Adnexal inflammatory tumor was confirmed in 57 patients. Laboratory findings: white blood count and sedimentation rate were in normal levels in 17 patients. CA 125 was elevated in 27 patients. 49 patients were operated and CA 125 decreased in the first 5 days after the operation. Only 8 patients without CA 125 elevation were successfully treated by mean of antibiotics. Even there is no need for routine examining of serum CA 125 in adnexal inflammatory tumors it can be examined in cases with suspected Doppler ultrasonographic findings or unclear clinical findings. Endometriosis brings some risk of malignancy. Inflammatory tumor can develop in endometriotic tumor as well as in necrotic malignant ovary tissue. These could be reasons for making decision to do the operation in cases with inflammatory tumor followed with increased CA 125, hystological assessment and serious interpretation of final results.
Brucellosis Epidemiological and Clinical Aspects
Authors: Krkić-Dautović Sajma , Mehanić Snježana , Ferhatović Merdina , Čavaljuga Semra
Published: May 2018

Brucellosis is primarily an animal disease, and in them it passes as an asymptomatic chronic infection. In humans, brucellosis can be acute, sub-acute and/or chronic disease, but its geographical distribution follows the pattern found in animals. After the last war, the first Brucella cases in Bosnia and Herzegovina were reported in 2000, in returnees, owners of donated livestock. The objective of this paper was to address an increased public health problem regarding brucellosis in Bosnia and Herzegovina and to initiate better cooperation among epidemiologists, veterinarians, microbiologists and infectologists and responsible authorities toward elimination and eradication of this severe disease. Retrospective analysis of Brucella case histories and treatment protocols of all the cases hospitalized in Clinic for Infectious Diseases, University of Sarajevo Clinics Center (CCUS) was conducted. All the patients hospitalized between 1 January 2000 and 1 July 2005 were included. The diagnoses were confirmed by laboratory tests, chemo culture or serologically. The Rose Bengal agglutination and ELISA tests were used as laboratory confirmation methods. The number of hospitalized cases over the last 5 years was compared with total number of reported cases in the first 6 months of 2005. The results of this study showed that Brucella infections in humans, compared to other zoonoses, was represented with 11.8%. Brucellosis was the second zoonose in a ranking of zoonotic diseases cases with steady increase in the number of reported cases each year. The number of cases treated in the first 6 months of 2005 already exceeded half of the total number of cases treated in the last 5 years. Human brucellosis is an increasing public health problem in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and it reflects spreading of the same disease in animals. The applied prevention measures have been insufficient, so it is necessary to mobilize all the available resources of human and veterinary medicine, as well as the authorities, microbiological laboratory diagnostics in order to identify foci of epidemics and to try to eliminate and eradicate this complicated disease.
Hyperbaric Oxygenation as a Possible Therapy of Choice for Infertility Treatment
Authors: Mitrović Ana , Nikolić Branka , Dragojević Svetlana , Brkić Predrag , Ljubić Aleksandar , Jovanović Tomislav
Published: May 2018

Endometrial sonographic and color doppler features can be used to predict the occurrence of pregnancy in natural or stimulated cycles. Implantation will usually only take place if the endometrium has reach a certain stage of vascularisation and development. The aim of this study was to evaluate endometrial development -- endometrial thickness and reflectivity , subendometrial, endometrial and uterine perfusion, after hyperbaric oxygenation, using transvaginal color doppler. During a three years period 32 women with unexplained infertility were entered into a randomised study. The patients were treated in multiplaced HAUX chamber at pressure of 2.3 ATA during 70 minutes, 7 days consecutively beginning with day 5th of menstrual cycle. The evaluation of effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy was carried out by transvaginal color doppler sonography which was continuously used starting from 8th day of menstrual cycle until the ovulation in the cycles when the therapy was applied , one month before and one month after the therapy. Folliculometry in the cycles when hyperbaric oxygen therapy at 2.3 ATA was applied, indicated an excellent response of endometrium. Thickness of endometrium at the time of ovulation was 11.0 +/- 2.6 mm. Desirable quality of endometrium was significantly better in the cycle when HBO therapy had been applied (p< 0.001). The doppler flowmetry of the uterine arteries indicated that the uterine blood vessel resistance was slightly higher than expected. Mapping of subendometrial blood vessels in the cycles covered by hyperbaric oxygen therapy showed the intensive capillary network of endometrium with low resistance Ri< 0.45. The oxygen used under higher pressure -- oxygen as a drug , may have an extraordinary significance for better outcome of pregnancy implantation by improving endometrial receptivity. If endometrial receptivity is conditioned by adequate vascularisation and oxygenation, then hyperbaric oxygen therapy is the treatment of choice.
The Effects of Combined Insulin and Metformin Therapy in Obese Patients with Diabetes Mellits Type 2 in the Early Stage of the Disease
Authors: Aščić - Buturović Belma
Published: May 2018

Combination of insulin and metformin has been shown to improve glycaemic control in clinical trials, particularly in obese patients with diabetes type 2. Insulin therapy can improve function of pancreatic beta cells and periphery insulin activity in target cells in order to enhance glycaemic homeostasis (1, 2, 3). In our study we included obese patients with diabetes type 2 in the early stage of the disease. The study is partially retrospective and partially prospective. The study encompassed 40 patients split in two groups. The first group of 20 patients received insulin therapy combined with metformin, while the patients of the second group were treated with oral antidiabetic drugs, sulfonylureas and metformin. Three months later, the group treated with insulin and metformin showed improvement in the monitored parameters, namely significant reduction in HbA1c (p = 0.003), MFBG (p = 0.0009), PPG (p = 0.028). Insulin therapy administered together with metformin, in obese patients with diabetes type 2, in the early stage of the disease, resulted in well regulated fasting blood glycaemia, as well as post challenge glycaemia and HbA1c.