bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Orbit Accuracy for Non-cooperative Earth-Orbiting Objects
Authors: Jianrong Chen , Junfeng Li
Published: December 2019

The atmospheric resistance and solar radiation pressure are the main sources of non-gravitational perturbations in orbit determination and prediction of non-cooperative earth-orbiting objects. The calculation of both perturbation accelerations involves the satellite’s surface-mass ratio. Another factor affecting the accuracy of orbit determination and prediction is the sparse observation. In this paper, we examine the sensitivity of orbit prediction accuracy and orbit decay rate relative to surface-mass ratio. The influence of the space-based angle data to orbit determination was also analyzed. The results show that the error of orbit prediction is multiplied by the change of surface–mass ratio. The orbital error determined by using 7-minutes single-station ground-based radar data and 15-minutes double-space-based angle measurements is 63.77 m lower than that only determined by using single-station ground-based radar data. The space-based angle information greatly improves the observation geometry of the non-cooperative target and improves the precision of orbit determination. The position error of the inclined geosynchronous satellite determined by 3-days ground-based radar data is 323.49 m and the prediction error of 1-7 days is less than 1.0 km. Using 3-days ground-based radar data and single spaced-based angle measurement to determine the orbit of the medium-orbit satellite with an altitude of about 1000 km, the orbital accuracy is 14.66 m and the prediction error of 1-7 days is less than 50.00 m. To determine the orbit of the 280 km height satellite with, 1.5-days ground-based radar data and single space-based angle data, the position error is 270.37 m and the prediction error of 1-day is 1.70 km.
Habits Do Not Die Easily: The Economics of Table Soccer
Authors: Alfano Vincenzo , Capasso Salvatore
Published: December 2019

We attempt to test the importance of rules and cultural sedimentation on performance by analyzing what occurs in a niche sport, table soccer and inferring by extension the weight of habit formation in a more general productivity setting. This matters since firms increasingly employ workers of different cultural backgrounds, whose interplay may have an impact on performance. Our idea is to examine the differences that exist between local and international rules in a country such as Italy and find out whether athletes’ performance is affected when they compete at international level. Adapting models adopted by the literature to forecast the success in soccer and Olympic games, we study the performances of Italians and Non-Italians athletes in the International Table Soccer World Cup. We also apply an Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition to account for explained and un-explained gaps in mean values. The results seem to confirm that globalization does not affect cultural sedimentation: local habits persist and hamper the performance of top players. Local habits matter, and habits do not die easily, even in the twenty-first century.
Early predictors of perinatal brain damage: the role of neurobiomarkers
Authors: Bersani Iliana , Pluchinotta Francesca , Dotta Andrea , Savarese Immacolata , Campi Francesca , Auriti Cinzia , Chuklantseva Natalia , Piersigilli Fiammetta , Gazzolo Francesca , Varrica Alessandro , Satriano Angela , Gazzolo Diego
Published: December 2019

The early detection of perinatal brain damage in preterm and term newborns (i.e. intraventricular hemorrhage, periventricular leukomalacia and perinatal asphyxia) still constitute an unsolved issue. To date, despite technological improvement in standard perinatal monitoring procedures, decreasing the incidence of perinatal mortality, the perinatal morbidity pattern has a flat trend. Against this background, the measurement of brain constituents could be particularly useful in the early detection of cases at risk for short-/long-term brain injury. On this scenario, the main European and US international health-care institutions promoted perinatal clinical and experimental neuroprotection research projects aimed at validating and including a panel of biomarkers in the clinical guidelines. Although this is a promising attempt, there are several limitations that do not allow biomarkers to be included in standard monitoring procedures. The main limitations are: (i) the heterogeneity of neurological complications in the perinatal period, (ii) the small cohort sizes, (iii) the lack of multicenter investigations, (iv) the different techniques for neurobiomarkers assessment, (iv) the lack of consensus for the validation of assays in biological fluids such as urine and saliva, and (v), the lack of reference curves according to measurement technique and biological fluid. In the present review we offer an up-to-date overview of the most promising developments in the use of biomarkers in the perinatal period such as calcium binding proteins (S100B protein), vasoactive agents (adrenomedullin), brain biomarkers (activin A, neuron specific enolase, glial fibrillary acidic protein, ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase-L1) and oxidative stress markers.
Evaluation of the 25-hydroxy vitamin D assay on a fully automated liquid chromatography mass spectrometry system, the Thermo Scientific Cascadion SM Clinical Analyzer with the Cascadion 25-hydroxy vitamin D assay in a routine clinical laboratory
Authors: Benton Sally C. , Tetteh Godwin K. , Needham Sarah-Jayne , Mücke Jakob , Sheppard Leanne , Alderson Steven , Ruppen Corinne , Curti Maurus , Redondo Maurice , Milan Anna M.
Published: December 2019

Background

Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) offers advantages over immunoassay due to its increased specificity and ability to multiplex metabolites within a single run. Wide scale adoption of LC-MS/MS in routine clinical laboratories is restricted in part due to the high level of technical expertise required. The Thermo Scientific™ Cascadion™ SM Clinical Analyzer is the first fully automated, random access clinical analyser that utilises LC-MS/MS technology. We report an analytical validation of the 25-hydroxy vitamin D2 and D3 assays on the Cascadion Analyzer and an assessment of its performance within a routine clinical laboratory.

Methods

Analyser usability was assessed by staff with no previous experience of LC-MS/MS. An analytical validation included analysis of 154 patient samples on two different Cascadion Analyzers and a four-way method comparison of 146 patient samples on Roche and Siemens immunoassays and an in-house LC-MS/MS method. Accuracy was assessed using external quality assurance and reference materials. Seven third party IQC materials were tested on Cascadion.

Results

Cascadion proved easy to use by scientific and non-scientific staff. The assay passed all validation criteria. Excellent agreement was demonstrated between two different Cascadions (y = 0.97x + 3.9 nmol/L, r2 > 0.99). A method comparison demonstrated no significant difference (p > 0.05) between the Cascadion and the Roche immunoassay. A significant difference (p < 0.0001) was observed between the Cascadion and an LC-MS/MS and Siemens methods. Results obtained from EQA and reference material showed a mean bias of +3.09% and all samples were within ±10% of assigned concentrations. All third party IQC samples tested were compatible for use with Cascadion.

Conclusions

The Cascadion Analyzer is a fully automated LC-MS/MS system that requires no prior LC-MS/MS expertise. The vitamin D assays demonstrated excellent performance with high levels of accuracy.
“You know it, how I feel, I mean you just did it:” The emergence of we-ness through re-enactment in psychotherapy
Authors: Jensen Thomas Wiben , Trasmundi Sarah Bro , Bloch Marie Skaalum , Steffensen Sune Vork
Published: December 2019

This article explores the nature and trajectory of a shared emotional experience in a psychotherapy interaction by combining insights from embodied cognition with the notion of intercorporeality along with the concept of re-enactment. The focus of the article is a detailed interactional analysis of the way the phenomenon of we-ness (or we experience) appears in a psychotherapy session. We-ness concerns the way two (or more) people share an experience by being aware and attentive to the way they participate together in the experience. It is argued that in social interaction, we-ness needs to be examined and understood as a profoundly temporal phenomenon that gradually evolves in the flow of interaction with different levels of intensity. It is built into and enabled by a skillful embodied coordination grounded in expressive movements and dependent on reciprocal patterns of action. Furthermore, it is suggested that the embodied enactment of we-experience may play a particular prominent role in psychotherapy. For the therapist, embodied communicative practices can work as an alternative resource to enhance the sensitive responsiveness in the interactive flow and thereby create an experience of being seen for the patient in a more direct manner than if only verbalized.
The Msiza-case: the perpetuation of injustices by the miscalculation of “just and equitable” compensation
Authors: Du Plessis Elmien
Published: December 2019

In 1998 Mr Msiza, a labour tenant, successfully instituted a claim in terms of land reform legislation (the Land Reform (Labour Tenant) Act) for ownership of the land that he and his father occupied for six decades. In terms of this legislation, when the labour tenant is awarding the land, the owner of the land must be compensated for the loss of the land. In 2004, the Land Claims Court confirmed the award of land and ordered the state to make sure that Mr Msiza gets a title deed for the land. The case was heard again in 2016 in the Land Claims Court, where the court this time examined the question of compensation to be paid to the owner. The Land Claims Court ruled that the Constitutional compensation requirement is “just and equitable” compensation, and awarded less-than-market-value compensation by subtracting a seemingly arbitrary amount from the market value of the land. This decision was overturned in 2017 when the Supreme Court of Appeal ruled that the the just and equitable question were already considered in the calculation of market value, and therefore ruled that no amount be deducted from what the valuers calculated to be market value. The handling of the case, and the different approaches from the two courts, is a symptom of the uncertainty that judges are confronted with when they have to calculate “just and equitable” compensation. A history of the case will reveal that the inability to properly valuate the land, perpetuated the injustice that Mr Msiza is facing, of not having the land registered in his name, despite a valid award in terms of land reform legislation. This paper will show how the compensation requirement is a hurdle to Mr Msiza receiving the title deed to his land. By making use of the valuation reports and the court materials, the paper will endeavour to indicate what a better outcome would be, by focussing on the calculation of “just and equitable” compensation. The paper will argue for a purposive approach when interpreting legislation dealing with compensation, where the Constitutional purpose to “heal the divisions of the past” should play a central role in land reform cases.
Property and Expropriation: Two Concepts Revisited in the Light of the Case Law of the European Court of Human Rights and the European Court of Justice
Authors: Praduroux Sabrina
Published: December 2019

In the late 1950 s René Savatier foretold that the qualification of economic value itself as property (bien) would have been the ultimate evolution of the theory of property rights. This prediction has come true with regard to the case law of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) and the European Court of Justice (CJEU). This paper investigates the implications of the understanding of property developed by the two European Courts on the concept of expropriation itself as well as for the principles governing expropriation law. Hence, the paper illustrates the role played by both the ECtHR and the CJEU in laying down the parameters of legitimacy for national law, including property law. Within this context, the focus falls on cases in which the Courts characterize the facts as deprivation of property requiring for compensation, even though the relevant property could not be the object of expropriation under the domestic law of the defendant State. My contribution brings new insights into the current transformation of the traditional property categories and suggests the reinterpretation of some key concepts of expropriation law.
洛杉矶华报上的汉语语法变异现象初探
Authors: 飞洋 田
Published: December 2019

本文以描写为目的，以洛杉矶当地的主要华文报纸（《世界日报》、《星岛日报》、《侨报》、《中国日报》和《国际日报》）为语料，分析了洛杉矶华语在语序、韵律、虚词（如“并”、 “及”、 “更” 等）及某些句法格式（如被动句、双宾语句、强调句）等方面所表现出的变异，并初步探讨了造成这些变异的原因。
試論馬來西亞華語詞彙系統及華語教學
Authors: 志祥 湯
Published: December 2019

提要

身處東南亞的馬來西亞是眾多華人聚居的國家。在馬來西亞，華人堅持華語（普通話系統）及華文教學已經有兩百多年的光輝歷史。從小學、中學，到大學，華語及華文教學形成了獨立、完整而且系統的 “一條龍” 教學體系。目前馬來西亞華人的年輕一代大都接受過正規的華文教育，能說流利的華語（並使用和內地相同的簡化中文）。無可置疑，馬來西亞華語是全球華語的重要組成部分，馬來西亞華文教學是全球華文教學的一個耀眼的典範。

由於馬來西亞是一個多民族的國家，英語、馬來語、華語及泰米爾語構成了當地四大主流語言。而由於幾百年來移居馬來西亞的華人又多來自於中國華南的廣東、福建、海南等省份，因而中國南方的各地方言，包括廣東話（粵語）、福建話（閩南語）、客家話（客語）。海南話（閩語）、潮汕話（閩語）等都在華人各生活地域裡普遍流行或通行。但是經過馬來西亞華人教育及傳媒的不懈努力，當今的華人社區已經逐漸使用華語和正規華文作為華文教育部門和華人社會內部溝通的主要語言，並形成了社會主流。

馬來西亞多民族，多語言、多方言的社會現狀，使得當地的華語具有鮮明的地域特點，尤其是其詞彙系統和語法系統，顯示著多語言多方言參雜和普遍語碼轉換的狀況。本文在經歷實地考察以及對比研究的基礎上，試圖探究當今馬來西亞主流華語及華文的詞彙特點，並探討今後馬來西亞華語教學的若干實際問題，力圖提出一些實際、實用且具有實效的對策與建議。
Comparative study of cutting force development during the machining of un-hybridized and hybridized ZA43 based metal matrix composites
Authors: Kumar K. J. Santhosh , Marigoudar Rajaneesh N.
Published: December 2019

In the present study, turning of two grades of composites such as ZA43 silicon carbide and ZA43 silicon carbide and graphite was carried out. The fabrication of both categories of composites were done using stir casting technique. The silicon carbide of grit size 60μm with concentration of 5% was reinforced for one category of the composite and for the other grade of composite, 5% silicon carbide and graphite were added. Thus fabricated materials were turned on a conventional lathe using coated carbide tools (SNMG). Dry turning of the fabricated composite was carried out with varying cutting parameters. Measurement of cutting force was done for the both compositions of fabricated materials using lathe tool dynamometer. It was observed that, while machining composite containing silicon carbide and graphite, tool experience more cutting force than composite containing silicon carbide alone.
Analysis of five cases of hypermethioninemia diagnosed by neonatal screening
Authors: Zhang Zhilei , Wang Yanyun , Ma Dingyuan , Cheng Wei , Sun Yun , Jiang Tao
Published: December 2019

Background

Hypermethioninemia is a group of diseases with elevated plasma methionine (Met) caused by hereditary and non-hereditary factors, although it could also be caused by administration of the amino acid Met. Among these, the disease caused by methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT) I/III deficiency is the most common, and is characterized by persistent, isolated hypermethioninemia as well as slightly elevated homocysteine. S-adenosylmethionine is the product of Met, which can be used as a direct methyl donor of many substances, such as choline and nucleotide, and essential in the development of the body. Among the patients, most have no symptoms, and a small number have central nervous system complications with high levels of plasma Met, including mental retardation, cognitive impairment and special breathing odor.

Methods

In this study, five cases of MAT I/III deficiency were diagnosed and retrospectively analyzed among 220,000 newborns. Patients with high Met levels received a Met-restricted diet treatment.

Results and conclusions

MAT I/III deficiency is a common reason for Met elevation in neonatal screening by tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), which needs long-term follow-up except for these patients with explicitly benign mutations.
The association between prenatal exposure to organochlorine compounds and neonatal thyroid hormone levels: a systematic review
Authors: Gheidarloo Mahshid , Kelishadi Roya , Hovsepian Silva , Keikha Mojtaba , Hashemipour Mahin
Published: December 2019

In this systematic review, the association between prenatal exposure to organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and neonatal thyroid hormone levels was studied. A systematic search of scientific literature was performed from the PubMed, SCOPUS and ISI web of science electronic bibliographic databases. The search strategy for the review was [(organochlorine OR “organochlorine pesticides” OR “organochlorine pollutants” OR “organochlorine pollutant”) AND (“thyroid hormone” OR triiodothyronine OR Thyroxine OR “fetal thyroid function” OR “thyroid function” OR “Thyroid Stimulating Hormone” AND “prenatal” AND “maternal exposure”)] in English sources. In this review, 305 papers (PubMed: 30; Scopus: 29; ISI: 246) were identified through an electronic database search. Twenty-seven articles were assessed for eligibility, from which 16 qualified articles were selected for the final evaluation. The most common OCP metabolites which were evaluated in order were hexachlorobenzene (HCB) (13 studies), pp-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (pp-DDE) (13 studies), hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) (10 studies) and dichlorodiphenyltrichlorethane (DDT) (eight studies). A review of the documents related to the association of prenatal exposure of OCPs with fetal or neonatal thyroid function tests provides us with heterogeneous data in this field. Factors such as differences in the studied populations and their area, ethnic and genetic background, time and rate of exposure, possible interaction of other thyroid-disrupting environmental factors and dietary intake of micronutrients such as iodine and/or selenium are considered the main limitations for making an accurate conclusion. For some OCPs including DDT, DDE, HCH and HCB, there are supporting evidences, and it is suggested that their exposure could potentially alter the fetal thyroid function and consequently impair the neurodevelopment process of the infants.
Comparison of cord blood lactate measurement by gas analyzer and portable electrochemical devices
Authors: Romanov Andrey Yurievich , Prikhodko Andrey Mikhailovich , Tysyachnyi Oleg Vladimirovich , Baev Oleg Radomirovich , Yarotskaya Ekaterina Lvovna , Sukhikh Gennady Tikhonovich
Published: December 2019

Objective

To compare the accuracy of cord blood lactate measurement using gas analyzer and portable devices in order to assess possibility of implementation of these devices in clinical practice.

Methods

We performed a prospective observational study using 30 umbilical cord samples which were obtained immediately after birth. Portable electrochemical devices Lactate Scout (SensLab GmbH, Leipzig, Germany) and StatStrip Lactate (NOVA Biomedical, Waltham, MA, USA) were used to determine lactate level. A gas analyzer ABL800 FLEX (Radiometer Medical ApS, Brønshøj-Husum, Denmark) was used as a reference. Base excess (BE), pH, partial oxygen (pO2) and carbon dioxide (pCO2) pressure, hemoglobin (ctHb) and bilirubin (ctBl) levels were measured.

Results

The mean umbilical cord blood lactate level determined by the gas analyzer was 5.85 ± 2.66 mmol/L (ranging from 1.4 mmol/L to 13.4 mmol/L). Lactate level estimated by Lactate Scout was 5.66 ± 2.65 mmol/L and did not significantly differ from the reference method level (P = 0.2547). The mean lactate level determined by StatStrip Lactate was significantly lower than by the gas analyzer – 4.81 ± 2.38 mmol/L (P < 0.0001). Umbilical cord blood pH, BE, pO2and pCO2, ctHb and ctBl levels did not affect the accuracy of the lactate measurement in absolute units (mmol/L).

Conclusion

Umbilical cord blood lactate level measured by StatStrip Lactate was lower than estimated by the ABL800 FLEX gas analyzer. This shows the necessity to develop decision-making reference points separately for each device. Umbilical cord blood pH, BE, pO2and pCO2, ctHb and ctBl levels did not affect the accuracy of measurements by electrochemical portable devices.
An exploration of predictive football modelling
Authors: Pearson Mitchell , Jr Glen Livingston , King Robert
Published: December 2019

Predictive football modelling has become progressively popular over the last two decades. Due to this, numerous studies have proposed different types of statistical models to predict the outcome of a football match. This study provides a review of three different models published in the academic literature and then implements these on recent match data from the top football leagues in Europe. These models are then compared utilising the rank probability score to assess their predictive capability. Additionally, a modification is proposed which includes the travel distance of the away team. When tested on football leagues from both Australia and Russia, it is shown to improve predictive capability according to the rank probability score.
Penalized Averaging of Parametric and Non-Parametric Quantile Forecasts
Authors: De Gooijer Jan G. , Zerom Dawit
Published: December 2019

We propose a hybrid penalized averaging for combining parametric and non-parametric quantile forecasts when faced with a large number of predictors. This approach goes beyond the usual practice of combining conditional mean forecasts from parametric time series models with only a few predictors. The hybrid methodology adopts the adaptive LASSO regularization to simultaneously reduce predictor dimension and obtain quantile forecasts. Several recent empirical studies have considered a large set of macroeconomic predictors and technical indicators with the goal of forecasting the S&P 500 equity risk premium. To illustrate the merit of the proposed approach, we extend the mean-based equity premium forecasting into the conditional quantile context. The application offers three main findings. First, combining parametric and non-parametric approaches adds quantile forecast accuracy over and above the constituent methods. Second, a handful of macroeconomic predictors are found to have systematic forecasting power. Third, different predictors are identified as important when considering lower, central and upper quantiles of the equity premium distribution.
Techniques in the synthesis of organometallic compounds of tungsten
Authors: Sohail Muhammad , Ashraf Muhammad Zeshan , Nadeem Raziya , Bibi Shamsa , Rehman Rabia ,   Amanullah, Iqbal Muhammad Adnan
Published: December 2019

Tungsten is an elegant substance, and its compounds have great significance because of their extensive range of applications in diverse fields such as in gas sensors, photocatalysis, lithium ion batteries, H2production, electrochromic devices, dyed sensitized solar cells, microchip technology, and liquid crystal displays. Tungsten compounds exhibit a more efficient catalytic behavior, and tungsten-dependent enzymes generally catalyze the transfer of an oxygen atom to or from a physiological donor/acceptor with the metal center. Furthermore, tungsten has an n-type semiconductor band gap. Tungsten forms complexes by reacting with several elements such as H, C, N, O, and P as well as other numerous inorganic elements. Interestingly, all tungsten reactions occur at ambient temperature, usually with tetrahydrofuran and dichloromethane under vacuum. Tungsten has extraordinarily high-temperature properties, making it very useful for X-ray production and heating elements in furnaces. Tungsten coordinates with diverse nonmetallic elements and ligands and produces interesting compounds. This article describes an overview of the synthesis of various organometallic compounds of tungsten.
The almost semimonotone matrices
Authors: Wendler Megan
Published: December 2019

A (strictly) semimonotone matrix A ∈ ℝ
n

×

n
is such that for every nonzero vector x ∈ ℝ
n
with nonnegative entries, there is an index k such that xk
> 0 and (Ax)
k
is nonnegative (positive). A matrix which is (strictly) semimonotone has the property that every principal submatrix is also (strictly) semimonotone. Thus, it becomes natural to examine the almost (strictly) semimonotone matrices which are those matrices which are not (strictly) semimonotone but whose proper principal submatrices are (strictly) semimonotone. We characterize the 2 × 2 and 3 × 3 almost (strictly) semimonotone matrices and describe many of their properties. Then we explore general almost (strictly) semimonotone matrices, including the problem of detection and construction. Finally, we relate (strict) central matrices to semimonotone matrices.
Intermittierende Durchflusserzeugung unter Einsatz von Kavitationsdüsen
Authors: Schumann Daniel , Kroner Corinna , Mickan Bodo , Tränckner Jens
Published: December 2019

Kavitation ist ein allgemein bekanntes Phänomen in der Welt der Strömungsmechanik. Die Anwendung kavitierender Venturi-Düsen, sog. Kavitationsdüsen als Durchflussregelelement ist hingegen neuartig. Ziel der Untersuchungen zur intermittierenden Durchflusserzeugung durch Kavitationsdüsen ist die Überprüfung der Anwendbarkeit dieser Technologie zur realitätsnahen Prüfung von Durchflussmessgeräten. Die verwendete Apparatur wird in eine bestehende Prüfstandsinfrastruktur integriert. Zunächst werden die Düsen einzeln charakterisiert. Dies belegte eine mit anderen Verfahren bisher nicht erreichte Durchflussstabilität mit einer mittleren Streuung von 0,0015 % der aktuellen Durchflussamplitude. Das Öffnen und Schließen der Düsen innerhalb weniger Millisekunden durch pneumatische Stempel ermöglicht die Realisierung intermittierender Durchflusssequenzen mit einer Wiederholpräzision von bis zu ± 0,07 %. Aufgrund des nahezu additiven Verhaltens der Düsen (± 0,1 %) ist der Volumenstrom von Düsenpaarungen annähernd die Summe der Volumenströme der einzelnen Düsen. Es wurden zwei unterschiedliche Durchflusssequenzen mittels der Kavitationsdüsenapparatur erzeugt und die Reaktion von zwei Durchflussmessgeräten auf den intermittierenden Betrieb beobachtet. Die vorgestellten Untersuchungen belegen, dass der Einsatz von Kavitationsdüsen es ermöglicht, Durchflussmessgeräte unter realitätsnahen Bedingungen mit der erforderlichen Genauigkeit zu testen und zu bewerten - was bisher nicht möglich war. Kavitationsdüsen könnten somit den Weg zu Testverfahren ebnen, die den realen Bedingungen bei Durchflussmessungen am nächsten kommen.
A compact and powerful EMAT design for contactless detection of inhomogeneities inside the liquid volume of metallic tanks
Authors: Rieger Kai , Erni Daniel , Rueter Dirk
Published: December 2019

A simple and powerful design of an electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT) without bulky permanent magnets is presented. The EMAT is operated in a pulse echo modality and generates longitudinal ultrasound at about 1 MHz. Unlike shear waves, these longitudinal ultrasound pulses can propagate in liquids.

The generally addressed application scenario is the examination of a liquid volume inside a metallic container or tank, e. g., the detection of inhomogeneities within the liquid. The herein proposed EMAT operates for virtually all metallic containers, i. e., it succeeds for container walls made of aluminum or ferromagnetic steel, and even for non-ferromagnetic (stainless) steel. Moreover, unlike piezo transducers, EMAT techniques allow for a non-contacting ultrasound transduction: the air gap between the EMAT sensor coil and the tank’s metallic surface extends up to 2 mm. Even with this relatively large air gap, the biasing magnetic field approaches a flux density of 3.2 T at the surface, more than what is possible to achieve with the permanent magnets of conventional and bulkier EMATs. Strong fields improve the coupling efficiency of the principally low-efficiency EMAT mechanism, which is important for both ultrasound transmission and reception.

For that superior field intensity, a unipolar current pulse of up to 3.6 kA is applied through the thin windings (0.5 mm) of the EMAT coil. This paper presents a novel solid-state EMAT circuitry for such strong currents and MHz pulsed voltages >1 kV.

As a particularly delicate task, the powerful circuitry must also detect the rather weak echo signals in the μV range. A very short recovery time is required after such a strong emission burst. The discussed circuitry consists of three unipolar high-current modules, which can each be independently launched. This allows for received echo signals that can be timed independently, e. g., objects deep inside the liquid tank can be specifically addressed. In general, this work concentrates on the novel circuitry in parallel connection, the general pulse-echo functionality and the magnetic fields. A detailed analysis and shaping of the ultrasonic fields through different EMAT coil geometries would exceed the scope of this contribution and is to be reported separately.
A distinct metabolic state arises during the emergence of 2‐cell‐like cells
Authors: Rodriguez‐Terrones Diego , Hartleben Götz , Gaume Xavier , Eid André , Guthmann Manuel , Iturbide Ane , Torres‐Padilla Maria‐Elena
Published: December 2019

Pluripotent stem cells are thought of as a surrogate of early developmental stages that sustain the capacity to generate all cell types in the body, thereby constituting an invaluable tool to address the mechanisms underlying cellular plasticity. In the mouse, cells resembling totipotent 2‐cell‐stage embryos (2‐cell‐like cells) arise at a very low frequency in embryonic stem cell (ESC) cultures. However, the extent to which these early‐embryonic‐like cells recapitulate the molecular features of the early embryo is unclear. Here, we have undertaken a characterization of some of the metabolic features of early‐embryonic‐like cells in culture. Our data indicate that early‐embryonic‐like cells exhibit decreased glycolytic and respiratory activity, lower levels of reactive oxygen species and increased glucose uptake, suggesting a shift of the metabolic programme during 2‐cell‐like cell reprogramming. Accordingly, we find that 2‐cell‐like cells can be induced by defined metabolites. Thus, in addition to their transcriptional and chromatin features, 2‐cell‐like cells recapitulate some of the metabolic features of their in vivo counterpart. Altogether, our work underscores a distinct metabolic state of early‐embryonic‐like cells and identifies compounds that can induce their emergence in vitro.
Élaboration du Média de la Carte de Dessin Pour la Production Orale Intermédiaire Section Pédagogique de Français Université D’état Semarang
Authors: Septiani Arik , Widayanti Diah Vitri , Agustiningrum Tri Eko
Published: December 2019

Il y a quatre compétences de langue, l'une est la production orale. C’est pareil avec le français, l'une des compétences à maîtriser est la production orale. Dans l’apprentissage de français, on a besoin de média pour pouvoir comprendre plus facilement les matières, en particulier dans la production orale, dans ce cas, la Production Orale Intermédiaire. Selon l'expérience, les étudiants ont souvent la difficulté à faire des phrases en raison du manque d'idées à prononcer, il serait mieux si on fait la variation de média d'apprentissage. On utilise la carte de dessin / flashcard accompagnée des mots auxiliaires qui permet les étudiants d'exprimer des idées ou des phrases. Cette recherche utilise la méthode de Recherche et Développement et nous adoptons 5 des 10 étapes de la recherche. Ce sont l'analyse de la potentialité et du problème, la collecte de données, la conception du produit, la validation du produit et l'examen du produit (Sugiyono, 2015: 408-427). Le média de la carte de dessin est le résultat de cette recherche. Ce produit contient 15 jeux de cartes. Chaque série est adaptée aux Plans d'Apprentissage Semestriels et aux thèmes du Taxi 2. Ce produit a été validé par l'expert et a été révisé selon les conseils de l'expert. Après l'examen, ce produit est prêt à être utilisé dans l'apprentissage de la production orale intermédiaire, mais l'efficacité doit être examinée.

There are four language skills, they are listening, speaking, reading and writing skill. As well as French, one of the skills that must be mastered is speaking skill. In learning French, we need the media to be more easily understand the material, especially in speaking skills, in this case Intermediate Oral Production. Based on experience, students often have difficulty to make sentences due to lack of ideas to be disclosed, so it would be better if we make the variation of learning media. We use the flashcard accompanied by auxiliary word that allows students to be able to express ideas or sentences. This research uses the method of Research and Development and we adopt 5 out of 10 stages of research. These are the analysis of potentiality and problem, data collection, product design, product validation, and product review (Sugiyono, 2015: 408-427). The media of the drawn map is the result of this research. This product contains 15 sets of cards. Each series is suitable for the Semester Learning Plans and the topics on The Taxi 2. This product has been validated by the expert and has been revised according to the expert's advice. After the review, this product is ready for use in learning Intermediate Oral Production, but the effectiveness needs to be examined.
Eksistensi Grup Musik Campursari Gondo Arum di Desa Bondo Kabupaten Jepara
Authors: Wiyono Jalu Sigit Aji , Sunarto Sunarto
Published: December 2019

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mendiskripsikan Eksistensi dan faktor yang mempengaruhi grup musik Campursari Gondo Arum di desa Bondo kabupaten Jepara. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan sosiologi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik observasi partisipasif, wawancara terstruktur dan semiterstruktur, serta dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan melalui tahapan pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil  penelitian menunjukkan bahwa eksistensi grup musik Campursari Gondo Arum sudah cukup baik. Hal ini terbukti adanya: (1) tanggapan dari masyarakat an mendapatkan bantuan sarana prasarana dari pemerintah; (2) memanfaatkan teknologi dengan menambahkan sampling-sampling pada keyboard; (3) satu anggota grup ini memiliki gelar sarjana di bidang seni dan anggota lainnya bertamatkan sekolah menengah atas. Adapun faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi eksistensi grup ini seperti; (1) manajemen dan pemasaran yang baik melalui media sosial; (2) performing music, yaitu grup ini memiliki ciri khas; (3) performing art, yaitu grup ini memiliki formasi dan konsep dalam pertunjukkannya.
MUSIK HIP – HOP DAN IDENTITAS DIRI KOMUNITAS DWELL DAN EXITO
Authors: Lubis Muhammad Akbar Hasyim
Published: December 2019

Tulisan ini berjudul “Musik Hip-Hop dan Identitas Diri Komunitas Dwell dan Exito”. Dwell dan Exito merupakan represtasi dari komunitas-komunitas dan musisi-musisi hip-hop yang berada di kota Medan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses pembentukan identitas dan untuk mengetahui faktor - faktor yang mempengaruhi pembentukan identitas dalam komunitas Dwell dan Exito. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan sumber data yang berasal dari informan yang berjumlah 5 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu, observasi, wawancara mendalam, serta tinjauan literatur. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa proses pembentukan identitas komunitas Dwell dan Exito terjadi secara bertahap yaitu dari tahap tidak mengetahui identitas dimana anggota tidak mengetahui tentang hip-hop, tahap pencarian identitas, dan tahap pencapaian identitas. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi terbentuknya identitas diri atau dalam hal ini identitas hip-hop antara lain, masyarakat, diri, dan pikiran. Penggunaan simbol-simbol dapat dilihat dari 4 aspek yaitu, selera, keyakinan, sikap, dan gaya hidup.

Kata Kunci : Musik, Hip-Hop, Identitas diri, Penggunaan simbol - simbol.
PEMBELAJARAN TROMBONE DI SMK NEGERI 2 KASIHAN BANTUL
Authors: Afrihana Johan Rendra , Haryono Slamet
Published: December 2019

SMK N 2 Kasihan Bantul merupakan sekolah menengah kejuruan yang mempelajari ilmu tentang musik. Instrumen Trombone merupakan salah satu mata pelajaran pokok yang harus ditempuh siswa SMK N 2 Kasihan Bantul sebagai syarat kelulusan. Permasalahan yang akan dikaji dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana kegiatan pembelajaran instrumen trombone di SMK N 2 Kasihan Bantul. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana kegiatan pembelajaran instrumen trombone di SMK N 2 Kasihan Bantul. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan adalah wawancara, observasi, dan studi dokumentasi. Hasil dari Penelitian ini yaitu kegiatan pembelajaran trombone di SMK N 2 Kasihan Bantul terdiri atas empat komponen yaitu perencanaan pembelajaran, proses pembelajaran, metode pembelajaran, dan evaluasi pembelajaran. Pada perencanaan pembelajaran guru mempersiapkan RPP (Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran) sebagai sebagai pedoman pembelajaran trombone di SMK N 2 Kasihan Bantul. Pada proses pembelajaran terdiri atas tiga tahap yaitu persiapan, pemanasan, dan pemberian materi pembelajaran. Pada metode pembelajaran trombone di SMK N 2 Kasihan Bantul guru menggunakan metode ceramah, metode tanya jawab, metode berlatih dan metode penugasan. Untuk evaluasi dilakukan dengan tiga cara yaitu evaluasi secara lisan kepada siswa setiap kali pertemuan akan diakhiri, evaluasi pada saat UTS dengan bentuk unjuk kerja dan penilaian, dan pada saat UAS dengan bentuk unjuk kerja dan penilaian.
CLASSICAL NIGHT: SEBUAH SAJIAN MUSIK KLASIK OLEH KOMUNITAS HIMASIKSTRING
Authors: Likhamelia Istiso , Susetyo Bagus
Published: December 2019

Classical music is not necessarily acceptable to all levels of society. Nevertheless, the Himasikstring Community of Yogyakarta State University has consistently been able to hold concerts with classic themes. One of the goals of this community is to introduce classical music to the community. The formulation of the problem in this research is how is the profile of the Himasikstring community and how is the presentation of Classical Night concerts at Yogyakarta State University in 2018. The research method used in the research is qualitative descriptive method. Data collection techniques used by researchers include, namely, literature studies, observation, interviews, and document studies. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that Himasikstring actively held classical music concerts and introduced classical music to the public since 2012, and Classical Night concerts consisted of elements of composition and presentation elements.
"Keroncong in Jamaican Sound"
Authors: A'yun Wildan Qurrata , Rachman Abdul
Published: December 2019

Abstrak

Jenis musik saat ini sangatlah banyak dengan berbagai ciri khasnya. Di Bandung salah satu musik yang digemari remaja adalah musik ska atau Jamaican sound. Musik ini digemari oleh remaja karena iramanya yang asik untuk joget. Ada seorang musisi ska bernama Sir’iyai yang berupaya untuk memberikan varian baru pada musik Jamaican sound dengan memasukkan unsur musik keroncong agar musik keroncong dapat dinikmati oleh semua kalangan khususnya remaja. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan bagaimana inovasi musik ska keroncong dalam melestarikan musik keroncong di Bandung. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data yaitu observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi serta teknik pemeriksaan keabsahan data diperiksa dengan metode triangulasi data. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunkan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Sir’iyai melakukan sebuah inovasi dengan memasukkan unsur musik keroncong ke dalam musik Jamaica khususnya musik ska. Alat musik yang digunakan meliputi alat musik band, brass section dan alat musik keroncong. pembawaan dari masing-masing alat musik tersebut menghasilkan sebuah genre musik baru dengan warna dan pola irama yang baru. Dengan inovasi tersebut, terbukti banyak remaja yang tertarik dan menikmati musik tersebut. Dengan demikian, musik keroncong tetap lestari dan lebih dikenal oleh remaja melalui musik ska atau Jamaican sound.
Makna dan Fungsi Ricikan pada Busana Wayang Wong Gaya Surakarta
Authors: Kurniyawan Andika Wahyu , Utina Usrek Tani
Published: December 2019

Bentuk ricikan pada busana Wayang Wong memiliki banyak kesamaan motif yaitu diambil dari motif tumbuhan dan hewan yang masing-masing memiliki makna dan fungsi. Fenomena yang terjadi pada beberapa penari yang kurang paham terhadap bentuk, makna dan fungsi ricikan pada busana Wayang Wong. Ricikan yang dibahas dalam penelitian ini meliputi sumping, kelatbahu, dan uncal, karena keseluruhan ricikan tersebut sering digunakan pada semua tokoh dalam Wayang Wong. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk memvisualisasikan bentuk ricikan pada busana Wayang Wong gaya Surakarta, mendiskripsikan makna dan fungsi ricikan pada busana Wayang Wong gaya Surakarta. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode penelitian kualitatif. Peneliti menggunakan pendekatan semiotik dalam menganalisa simbol dan tanda-tanda pada ricikan. Teknik yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data yaitu: observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi di Sanggar Gimo Pengrajin Busana Tari dan Wayang Wong. Hasil penelitian yaitu bentuk ricikan pada busana Wayang Wong gaya Surakarta diambil dari motif tumbuhan dan hewan. Motif tumbuhan meliputi: bunga, akar-akaran, lung-lungan, buah, dan daun. Motif hewan meliputi: hewan besar, hewan bersayap, dan hewan mitologi. Makna simbolis ricikan dapat dilihat dari nama dan motif yang terdapat dalam ricikan. Ricikan busana Wayang Wong gaya Surakarta sebagian besar berfungsi sebagai accessories atau pelengkap.
Nilai Estetis Tari Lawet di Kabupaten Kebumen
Authors: Nurshanti Kes , Iryanti Veronica Eny
Published: December 2019

Tari Lawet merupakan tari identitas Kabupaten Kebumen yang menggambarkan aktifitas burung lawet dalam kesehariannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan nilai estetis yang terkandung pada tari Lawet di Kabupaten Kebumen. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis data deskriptif kualitatif yang meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, dan display data. Uji keabsahan data menggunakan metode triangulasi sumber. Hasil penelitian menyebutkan bahwa tari Lawet mempunyai nilai estetis yang terlihat dari aspek bentuk, bobot/isi, dan penampilan. Aspek bentuk meliputi gerak yang dinamis dan lincah, penggunaan warna pada kostum tari Lawet yang memiliki makna tersendiri, dan syair lagu yang menggambarkan keseharian burung lawet. Aspek bobot (suasana, ide, pesan) meliputi suasana tari Lawet yang gembira, ide tari Lawet yang muncul ketika Kabupaten Kebumen menginginkan adanya tari identitas dan pesan yang disampaikan lewat ungkapan-ungkapan simbolik. Aspek penampilan (bakat, ketrampilan, sarana) meliputi bakat yang harus dikuasai oleh setiap penari Lawet yaitu bisa menari, ketrampilan penari yaitu dapat menari tari Lawet dengan luwes, serta sarana pada tari Lawet yaitu seluruh aspek penunjang pementasan seperti busana, tata rias, tempat pertunjukan yang erat hubungannya untuk mendukung penampilan tari
Nilai Estetika Tari Gambang Semarang pada Komunitas Gambang Semarang Art Company
Authors: Tristiani Vina Dwi , Lanjari Restu
Published: December 2019

Tari Gambang Semarang merupakan salah satu bagian dari pertunjukan Kesenian Gambang Semarang yang dibawakan oleh Gambang Semarang Art Company sebagai hasil akulturasi budaya Cina-Jawa di Kota Semarang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menginterpretasikan nilai keindahan Tari Gambang Semarang yang meliputi aspek bentuk, isi dan penampilan. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan estetis koreografis dan struktural. Sumber data yang diperoleh berupa person (orang), place (tempat), proccess (kegiatan), dan paper (dokumentasi). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Tari Gambang Semarang tidak memiliki pola pertunjukan khusus, elemen pertunjukan meliputi tema, gerak, rias dan busana, iringan, tata teknik pentas serta pelaku memiliki makna mengenai penggambaran emosi, sikap manusia dalam kehidupan yang dikemas dengan suasana gembira. Keunikan ragam gerak lingar menjadi ciri khas dan perbedaan dengan tari khas Semarang lainnya, selain itu ragam gerak dasar lain yang digunakan yaitu ngeyek, ngondhek, dan genjot. Saran bagi pelaku kesenian Gambang Semarang dapat terus melestarikan Tari Gambang Semarang dengan tetap menjaga nilai-nilai luhur yang terkandung pada setiap aspeknya.
Human Corruption as The Effect of Modern Technology as Represented in Okky Madasari's "The Last Crowd"
Authors: Johariani Hana Septiana , Hetami Fatma
Published: December 2019

Modern technology plays big roles in influencing human life, especially millenial generation. However , it can create human corruption due to its function abuse. The objectives of this study are: 1) to explain how human corruption is described in Okky Madasari’s The Last Crowd and 2) to explain how the modern technology creates human corruption as described in Okky Madasari’s The Last Crowd. The methodology used in this study was descriptive-qualitative. This study analyzed the novel using Levi Strauss’ theory. There were two objects of the study, namely material object which was The Last Crowd novel and formal object from the analysis of the novel using Levi Strauss’ theory. The results of the study are as follows: 1) Human Corruption was described in Okky Madasari’s The Last Crowd through how the characters in the novel use modern technology unwise until it has a bad effect. Human corruption is divided into three kinds of corruption; corruption in time, corruption in function and corruption in behavior. 2) Human Corruption is created due to the influence of technology towards Jayanegara, which triggers him to be trapped in it. It shows when he decides to make a pseudo-identity for being a winner and a revenger.

 

Keywords: Human Corruption; Modern Technology; Structuralism
An Analysis of the Symbol in Westlife's Song Lyrics
Authors: Rosita Hanna Eka , Purwanto Bambang , Rosyidi Mohamad Ikhwan
Published: December 2019

Song is one example of literature. Listening song is enjoyable activity, but the listener cannot get a pleasure if they do not understand the meaning in the song. Sometimes song consists of symbol to describe the meaning of a song. Based on the reason, it brought the researcher to find out the symbol and meaning in the song lyrics and to explain the impacts of symbol toward real life. This study applied a descriptive qualitative method. Through this method the researcher tried to analyze, explain, and find out the meaning of the symbols by using Charles Sanders Pierce’s theory. In this case, Charles Sanders Pierce developed a triadic model in illustrating the definition of the sign as a symbol. The triadic model consisted of three components; representamen, object and interpretant. The unit analysis of this study were Westlife’s songs, there were more than 145 songs in 11 albums. Because of the large amount of the songs, the researcher chose 7 songs from the Greatest Album of Westlife that are Swear it Again, If I Let You Go, Flying without Wings, I Have a Dream, My Love, Uptown Girl, and You Raise Me Up. This study contained 5 kinds of symbols that were symbol of color (12 items), symbol of thing (19 items), symbol of situation (18 items), symbol of sound (5 items), and symbol of imaginative (7 items). Furthermore, the most dominant symbol was symbol of thing. Symbols brought some impacts to real life to help the listeners or the readers to understand the real meaning toward real life.

 

Keywords: Symbol; song; semiotics; westlife