bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MED's Position Paper on Digital Technology and the Copyright Act: Legislation without a Solution?
Authors: Nebel Jens U
Published: September 2019

Courts in various jurisdictions have had to deal with the question of whether Internet Service Providers (ISPs) can be held liable for infringing acts committed by their subscribers. It is perhaps the most controversial legal issue emerging in the digital environment. Although New Zealand courts have yet to deal with the issue of ISP liability for copyright infringement, the Ministry of Economic Development (MED) has suggested a statutory solution for this apparent problem, which was put down in the 2002 Digital Technology and the Copyright Act 1994 Position Paper. In the Position Paper, MED proposes to exempt ISPs from liability for primary and secondary infringement under certain requirements. The suggested amendment to the Copyright Act 1994 raises several issues and questions, which will be addressed in this paper. The author argues that a total liability exemption fails to take all relevant policy factors into account and favours ISPs unilaterally. The paper suggests that ISPs do not need an exemption clause, because New Zealand's copyright law, although full of uncertainties, appears to be relatively narrow compared to other jurisdictions. The proposed reform causes more problems than it addresses. The constructive knowledge standard, which ISPs have to meet in order to fall under the liability exemption clauses, is difficult to determine and amplifies the existing uncertainties. The author suggests that instead of curing the symptoms, the legislator should get at the root of the problems, which is the cluttered secondary infringement provisions and the nebulous concept of authorisation, which is the true reason for the legal uncertainty copyright owners and ISPs are currently facing.
Book Review: Michael Belgrave, Merata Kawharu and David Williams (eds) Waitangi Revisited: Perspectives on the Treaty of Waitangi
Authors: Northover Hannah
Published: September 2019

This article is a book review of Michael Belgrave, Merata Kawharu and David Williams (eds) Waitangi Revisited: Perspectives on the Treaty of Waitangi (Oxford University Press, Melbourne, 2005) (402 + xxi pages) NZ$65. The book looks at issues surrounding the Treaty of Waitangi 16 years after the publication of "Waitangi: Māori and Pākehā Perspectives of the Treaty of Waitangi". Although it can be difficult to find cogent and lucid expressions of contrary opinions on Treaty issues, Northover states that the book's attempts to provide different ideological perspectives are relatively successful. Other pieces are more akin to case studies, illustrating wider schemes and issues of significance. It is concluded that the book deserves to be read by a wide audience, and that the contributions in the collection reflect Treaty issues that remain (and will remain) prominent.
Report from the Inside: The CERD Committee's Review of the Foreshore and Seabed Act 2004
Authors: Charters Claire , Erueti Andrew
Published: September 2019

This paper describes, from the perspective of the advocates for Māori claimants, the substance of submissions to, and process followed by, the United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination in determining that the Foreshore and Seabed Act 2004 discriminates against Māori. The paper has a number of functions: it illustrates that, contrary to the Prime Minister's suggestions, the process followed by the Committee was robust; provides much needed comment on the Committee's early warning and urgent action procedure; should be useful to other individuals or groups seeking to challenge legislation in international fora; and, finally, sheds light on the Committee's succinct decision by placing it within the context from which it emerged.
New Rules for Corporate Governance in the United States And Germany - A Model for New Zealand?
Authors: Krackhardt Oliver
Published: September 2019

This paper surveys the possibilities for implementing new rules for corporate governance in New Zealand. It focuses on the new rules issued in Germany (the German Code of Corporate Governance) and the United States (the Sarbanes-Oxley Act). The paper analyses both to find out which rules might be appropriate for New Zealand. It is argued that New Zealand needs to adopt a code of corporate governance in order to keep up with international developments, otherwise it risks repelling local investors and failing to attract international investors. It is concluded that most importantly New Zealand should adopt a principles-based "comply-or-explain" approach rather than strict rules, as it offers greater flexibility. The paper further concludes that many of the rules issued in Germany and the United States could improve corporate governance in New Zealand and hence should be implemented.
A "Mean Hard Place"? Law Students Tell it as it is
Authors: Morris Caroline
Published: September 2019

Empirical research carried out in the US in the last 10-15 years reveals that law students are generally dissatisfied with their experiences there. The negative effects of legal education are particularly marked for female students. This study, carried out at Victoria University of Wellington in late 2004 seeks to replicate earlier United States studies and queries whether the influx of female students into law school in the past ten years has effected any change in how law school is experienced. It asks: how comfortable are students with lecturer interactions inside and outside the classroom? with student interactions? how attached are they to their law school? why did they come to law school and how do they feel about their performance while there?
The Copyright and Privacy Nexus
Authors: Frankel Susy
Published: September 2019

The New Zealand development of a tort limited to wrongful publication of private fact (and in the United Kingdom by extension of breach of confidence) has not been accompanied by a consideration of the relationship that such a cause of action might have with intellectual property, particularly copyright. The emerging tort is potentially a strong right in information. The appropriate parameters of protection of information are core to many aspects of copyright law. This article questions whether the sidelining of copyright law in the privacy debate is appropriate. In general there is an overlap between intellectual property, particularly copyright and privacy in relation to information. Specifically an overlap arises because there is a section in the Copyright Act 1994 that provides a privacy right in relation to films and photographs. This article examines that provision and concludes that in its current form it is inconsistent with the emerging tort of privacy in wrongful disclosure of private information.
Book Review: Media Law in New Zealand
Authors: Price Steven
Published: September 2019

This article is a book review of John Burrows and Ursula Cheer Media Law in New Zealand (5 ed, Oxford University Press, Melbourne, 2005) (655 + Ixxvii Pages). The book is a lucid and comprehensive compilation of the disparate laws affecting the media in New Zealand, and some significant steps toward making sense of media law as a whole. Price argues that the emergence of media law as a legitimate field of study in New Zealand owes much to this book. The authors elucidate the law rather than evaluate it, as they are designed to help journalists and media lawyers navigate their way around legal pitfalls by providing practical advice. Price expresses weariness over the fact that the book contains dozens of examples of vexed statutory and common law issues whose resolutions ought to be informed by the New Zealand Bill of Rights Act 1990 ('BORA'), and that a burgeoning BORA jurisprudence will oblige the authors to include more on the BORA right to freedom of expression in later editions of the text. Until the law becomes more principled and coherent, however, Price concludes that the book's guidance remains indispensable.
Comments on Luke Nottage's Paper
Authors: Kolsky Lewis Meredith
Published: September 2019

The author comments on Luke Nottage's paper found in this volume (Luke Nottage "Who's Afraid of the Vienna Sales Convention (CISG)? A New Zealander's View from Australia and Japan" (2005) 36 VUWLR 815). The author first identifies additional factors as to why the Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods ('CISG') may be opted out of in the United States: its lack of a duty of good faith, its narrow scope, and its uncertainty of outcome. However, the author argues that we should be more optimistic about the use of the CISG in the US. First, the US is an original signatory. Secondly, Americans may come to accept the CISG more as their exposure to it grows. Thirdly, a lack of reported US cases involving the CISG does not necessarily mean it is not being used – it purely indicates a lack of litigation. Fourthly, the CISG not being used may speak more about who the US are doing business with. Finally, the numbers show that the CISG is being used frequently. The author therefore concludes that we should be optimistic about the use of the CISG in the United States, and expects its use will increase over time.
Executive Remuneration in New Zealand and Australia - Do Current Laws, Regulations and Guidelines Ensure "Pay for Performance"?
Authors: Schoenemann Andreas
Published: September 2019

This article undertakes an examination of the current corporate governance frameworks relating to the remuneration of executives, and particularly executive directors, of listed companies in New Zealand and Australia. The theoretical background of the article builds on agency theory and managerial power theory. On this basis, performance-related remuneration is identified as crucial in aligning the divergent interests of shareholders and executives. Theories also suggest that the board of directors alone is not a sufficient mechanism to ensure that performance-related pay is implemented in practice. Examination of substantive remuneration rules regarding the structure and form of remuneration agreements finds that in both New Zealand and Australia the relevant problems are only sparsely addressed in enforceable law. More emphasis is put on procedural remuneration rules. Particularly in the fields of disclosure and shareholder involvement, Australia is a step ahead of New Zealand.
The Continuum: A New Approach to the Place of Tort in a Contractual Matrix
Authors: Thomson William
Published: September 2019

This paper discusses the approach that is taken in New Zealand to determining whether a tortious duty of care can exist across a contractual matrix.  The two step approach adopted in the recent decision of the Court of Appeal in Rolls-Royce NZ Ltd v Carter Holt Harvey Ltd is fundamentally agreed with.  A continuum is suggested for the balancing exercise in the tortious duty of care inquiry. This rationalises past cases and will hopefully provide guidance for future ones.
Book Review: The Judicial Process: Realism, Pragmatism, Practical Reasoning and Principles
Authors: Marten Bevan
Published: September 2019

This article is a book review of E W Thomas The Judicial Process (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2005) (414 + xxvi pages) Hardback NZ$180. In his belief that too many judges are simply 'muddling along' without a sound conception of what their role entails, Justice Thomas (a retired judge) has written a book putting forward a theory of judicial decision-making. The book represents the development of Thomas' thinking since an earlier monograph on the subject, but the two pillars on which he bases his theory remain unchanged: that the demands of justice in the individual case, and the requirement that the law meets society's reasonable needs, be at the forefront of every judgment. Marten notes that the book is deliberately pitched at a level that many people can read and enjoy. On the whole, Marten states that the book is a well-written and engaging book by one of New Zealand's most distinctive judges.
The New Zealand Civil Union Act: New Challenges for Private International Law
Authors: Campbell Joanna
Published: September 2019

This article discusses private international law issues which arise as a result of the Civil Union Act 2004, which came into force in 2005.  The author first discusses what kind of recognition New Zealand may extend to foreign unions, including both civil union type relationships and same sex marriages.  This discussion considers recognition under the Civil Unions (Recognised Overseas Relationships) Regulations 2005, recognition as marriage and other possible avenues of recognition.  This includes a consideration of currently recognised and unrecognised relationships, and the desirability of the current approach. It also includes a discussion of the issues surrounding the recognition of these types of relationships generally; for example, validity, status and public policy. The author then considers what kind of recognition the New Zealand civil union may receive in foreign jurisdictions.
Sosa v Alvarez-Machain and The Alien Tort Claims Act
Authors: King Hugh
Published: September 2019

Since the seminal case of Filartiga v Pena-Irala in 1980, the controversial Alien Tort Claims Act has regularly been invoked in United States federal courts to sue foreign perpetrators of international human rights violations. In Sosa v Alvarez-Machain, decided in 2004, the United States Supreme Court for the first time ruled on the Act’s proper application. This article, after first identifying three different approaches taken towards the Act by federal courts over the last 25 years, examines the Supreme Court decision. While welcoming the Court’s affirmation of the Act as a mechanism for addressing certain international law violations, it critiques the Court’s conservative and problematic test to determine the extent of the international law violations falling within the Act’s ambit, and highlights many ambiguities in the decision with which lower courts will have to grapple.
"I'm Not Gay - Not That There's Anything Wrong with That!": Are Unwanted Imputations of Gayness Defamatory?
Authors: Knight Dean R
Published: September 2019

The question of whether unwanted imputations of gayness are defamatory continues to be controversial.  This article considers whether a person can bring a defamation claim if they have been described as being gay or lesbian.  In particular, this article addresses whether such an imputation is defamatory, including whether such an imputation tends to lower the reputation of a person in the estimation of “right-thinking” members of society, and the unique issues that this imputation presents for possible defences.  In addition to assessing the present position, this article considers whether imputations of gayness ought to be defamatory, particularly in the context of today’s legal environment.  It is argued that an imputation of gayness should not be treated as being defamatory in the light of the reforms of gay and lesbian rights, including the anti-discrimination and equality protections that are now commonplace in Anglo-Commonwealth societies.
No Straight Answer: Homophobia as Both an Aggravating and Mitigating Factor in New Zealand Homicide Cases
Authors: McDonald Elisabeth
Published: September 2019

This article discusses recent New Zealand homicide cases in which male defendants have sought to rely on the partial defence of provocation to excuse the killing of a man who allegedly made them the subject of unwanted sexual advances.  The author argues that at least in cases in which such claims are unsuccessful, reference should be made to section 9(1)(h) of the Sentencing Act 2002, which renders homophobia an aggravating feature in sentencing.  To the extent that section 9(1)(h) is not relied on, while provocation is successfully pleaded in some cases, the author concludes that gay male citizens are not afforded equal protection under the criminal law.
Perfil de la Lluvia Ácida en la Ciudad de Quito (Ecuador) Durante los Meses de Diciembre-2008 y Enero-2009
Authors: Flores Ronny , Bonilla Pablo
Published: September 2019

El presente trabajo de investigación analizó la composición de la lluvia en la ciudad de Quito, capital del Ecuador, durante los meses de diciembre de 2008 y enero de 2009. Se distribuyeron 17 sitios de muestreo a lo largo de la ciudad. Se midió en el agua de lluvia el pH, conductividad, calcio, nitratos y sulfatos. Se encontró que aproximadamente el 50 % de superficie de la ciudad está afectada por lluvia ácida, es decir, con lluvia con un pH menor a 5,6. Lo que indica que la atmósfera de Quito está contaminada de óxidos de azufre y nitrógeno, provenientes de las plantas termoeléctricas y del tráfico vehicular, que por oxidación se han convertido en ácido sulfúrico y nítrico, respectivamente, que han acidificado el agua de lluvia. La lluvia ácida es perjudicial para los ecosistemas acuáticos y terrestres
Desarrollo de un Módulo Didáctico - Educativo sobre el uso racional de medicamentos dirigido a escolares y Proyecto Piloto en la Escuela “República de Venezuela” de la ciudad de Quito
Authors: Moreno Vaca Juan José , Montalvo Jaramillo Janeth
Published: September 2019

Como parte de la atención farmacéutica, la educación al paciente es un tema de vital importancia en la salud de la población ecuatoriana y del mundo. Tiene como fin, por una parte, erradicar malos hábitos para el uso de medicamentos (la automedicación, la polimedicación y el incumplimiento del régimen terapéutico); y por otra, propender buenos hábitos en la persona (correcta alimentación, cambios en el estilo de vida y visitas periódicas al personal de salud).En esta investigación se diseñó un Módulo Educativo a través de la recopilación y adaptación de información desde fuentes primarias y secundarias, tanto sobre aspectos de la salud, como sobre el uso racional de medicamentos; además de contar con actividades de entretenimiento y fijación de lo aprendido, de tal manera, que pueda ser utilizado por niños y niñas entre los 9 y 11 años de edad.
Uso de quitina y quitosana procedentes de residuos de camarón en la purificación de jugos de caña (saccharum officinarum)
Authors: Durán Olvera Jessy Marien , Magaña Pérez Guadalupe , Ayala Tirado Rosa Carmina , García Gómez Rolando S. , Amábilis Sosa Leonel Ernesto , Durán Domínguez de Bazúa María Del Carmen , Solís Fuentes Julio Alberto
Published: September 2019

En este trabajo se estudió la clarificación de jugo de caña (guarapo1 y jugo claro) empleando quitina y quitosana obtenidas de exoesqueletos y cefalotórax de camarón como agentes precipitantes. La obtención de la quitina se realizó mediante desproteinización y desmineralización química de los exoesqueletos y la quitosana por desacetilación de la quitina. Ambos biopolímeros se analizaron mediante espectroscopía infrarroja IR y se caracterizaron fisicoquímicamente. Los resultados mostraron que el guarapo y el jugo clarificado tuvieron originalmente un color de 35333 y 19938 UI, respectivamente. Los tratamientos con quitina y con quitosana lograron remover hasta el 49.9 y 69.61%, respectivamente del color original del jugo de primera extracción y hasta el 56.37 y 74.22%, espectivamente, del color original del jugo claro de caña en tratamientos realizados a un pH de 3.0 y temperatura ambiente. Ambos materiales mostraron potencialidad como opciones de purificación del jugo de caña de azúcar
El trato preferencial a las fuentes gubernamentales
Authors: Pillajo Borja Hernán
Published: September 2019

En las noticias difundidas por los periódicos El Comercio y El Universo acerca de la migración venezolana hacia el Ecuador, el relato del gobierno tuvo un trato privilegiado. El Análisis Crítico del Discurso muestra cómo dichos medios se identificaron con la perspectiva del poder político, que decretó varias acciones que fueron denunciadas como discriminatorias contra estos ciudadanos. Mediante la jerarquización, la inclusión y las omisiones, entre otros recursos usuales en la redacción informativa, los migrantes fueron mostrados como sujetos problemáticos de recepción y víctimas a la vez.
Indicadores Educacionais do território do Piemonte da Diamantina-Bahia: apontamentos iniciais
Authors: SOUZA Elizeu Clementino de , RAMOS Michael Daian Pacheco
Published: September 2019

O artigo apresenta reflexões sobre indicadores educacionais do Território do Piemonte da Diamantina na Bahia. Optamos por métodos quantitativos e qualitativos e uma pesquisa documental coletando dados nas bases do INEP. Os resultados apontam uma redução do analfabetismo, contudo as taxas de reprovação e abandono escolar apresentam-se ainda elevadas; há altos índices de distorção idade série, principalmente no ensino fundamental e os municípios apresentaram dificuldades em melhorar os indicadores do Ideb.
ANALISIS REAKSI PASAR ATAS KEBIJAKAN TAX AMNESTY: STUDI PADA BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Hilendri Bq. Anggun , Indriani Eni , Dewi H Rento
Published: September 2019

Economic  events  frequently  determine  stock  price  fluctuations  in  stock exchanges. Sometimes, these economic events tend to get negative responses from market participants. This study uses event study analysis, where the event analyzed was the announcement of government policy in the fiscal sector, the tax amnesty. The announcement of the tax amnesty policy implementation is considered to provide information that elicits reaction in the capital market, which can be measured by the abnormal return on the stock before and after the announcement of tax amnesty policy. This event window of this study was 6 trading days i.e. t-3 to t + 3 since tax amnesty policy became published on July 14, 2016. The sample used in this study consisted of 45 companies listed in LQ-45 index during July 2016. Analysis of average abnormal return is performed based on paired sample t test on three days before and three days after the announcement of tax amnesty policy. The test results show that there is a significant difference in market reaction as  indicated  by  abnormal  return  value.  However,  the  result of  abnormal return  shows  negative  value.  It  means  that  tax  amnesty  policy  provides negative information for investor, which is contrary to the objective of tax amnesty policy to increase investment.
DETERMINAN DAN KONSEKUENSI KOMITMEN ORGANISASI
Authors: Herwanti Titiek , Animah A
Published: September 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalahterciptanya budaya manajemen syariah, sosok pemimpin yang memiliki keahlian manajerial, dan adanya sistem reward untuk memotivasi karyawan, agar tercipta komitmen organisasi sehingga berimplikasi terhadap peningkatkan kinerja karyawan yang pada akhirnya meningkatkan kinerja perusahaan secara keseluruhan. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh karyawandi KSPPS (Koperasi Simpan Pinjam Pembiayaan Syariah) di pulau Lombok (49 KSPPS) dengan metode judgment sampling.Variabel penelitian budaya manajemen syariah, gaya kepemimpinan, system reward, komitmen organisasi, dan kinerja karyawan. Alat analisis yang digunakan adalah Partial Least Square Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variable budaya manajemen syariah, gaya kepemimpinan, dan sistem reward berpengaruh terhadap komitmen organisasi dan kinerja karyawan. Variabel komitmen organisasi terbukti sebagai variabel intervening dari budaya manajemen syariah ke kinerja karyawan, tetapi tidak untuk gaya kepemimpinan dan sistem reward ke kinerja karyawan.Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah manajemen pengelolaan di KSPPS sebaiknya di dalam memberikan pelayanan mempunyai nilai-nilai yang berbasis budaya manajemen syariah karena terbuktimemberikan pengaruh yang cukup besar agar karyawan berkomitmen terhadap pekerjaan sehingga menghasilkan kinerja karyawan yang diharapkan berdampakterhadap peningkatan kinerja perusahaan secara keseluruhan.
PENGARUH MEKANISME CORPORATE GOVERNANCE DAN UKURAN PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN (Survei Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur yang terdaftar di BEI )
Authors: Animah Animah , Effendy Lukman , Thahir Alamsyah M. , Widiastuty Erna
Published: September 2019

The purpose of this research is to examine the effect of corporate governance mechanisms,  firm size of financial performance. The Population of this research is the company manufacturing  in BEI. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling. The analytical tool used is using partial least  square program. The independent variables in this research are corporate governance mechanism,  firm size  while the dependent variable is the performance of the financial. The result of the research shows that firm size  influence to financial performance, while other variables such as corporate governance mechanisms have no effect negative  to financial performance.
PENERAPAN INFORMASI AKUNTANSI PADA UMKM DI KECAMATAN SEKARBELA KOTA MATARAM
Authors: Awalia Nailul , Yuliati Ni Nyoman , Fauzi Agus Khazin
Published: September 2019

This study aims to examine the understanding of SMEs actors on accounting information and to know empirically the application of information for small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in Sekarbela Subdistrict. This research used descriptive approach by interview and survey method. Data collection was done by distributing questionnaires to respondents. The sample of this research is food business MSMEs in Sekarbela Sub district with total of 68 UMKM. However, from 68 MSME samples only 50 samples can be processed. The data is processed by using the frequency distribution then made the average analysis and proportion. The results showed that MSMEs in Sekarbela Subdistrict have applied accounting information although in a simple form. Accounting information most widely applied is the purchase record with the number of 27 respondents or 54% and cash records 28 respondents or 56%. Then MSMEs in Sekarbela Subdistrict have used accounting information, the most widely used is the type of goods sold based on profit or profit of each type of goods with the number of 28 respondents or 56%. Furthermore, MSME also need operational information record about the number of goods sold per day with the number of 31 respondents or 62% and types of goods sold per day with the number of 31 respondents or 62%, records management information that is the production cost report with the number of 32 respondents or 64% financial information is the amount of profit each day with the number 46 respondents or 92%
Efecto de un fulvato de hierro sobre calidad y producción de frutos de chile ‘Serrano’
Authors: López-Salazar Rubén , Peña Ramos Fidel Maximiano , Sánchez-Bernal Francisca , Lozano Cavazos Carlos Javier , Benavides Mendoza Adalberto , González Fuentes José Antonio
Published: September 2019

Los chiles verdes en fresco, en México, son de importancia no solo porque son parte de la dieta alimenticia, sino por la mano de obra que genera su producción; sin embargo, los suelos de los estados productores presentan pH alcalino y esto provoca la fijación del hierro (Fe), el cual es un elemento vital en la calidad de los frutos. Por ello, el objetivo del estudio fue determinar el efecto de un fulvato de fierro (FFe), en la calidad de frutos de chile ‘serrano’ para el cual se utilizaron dosis crecientes de una mezcla de ácidos fúlvicos y sulfato ferroso (FFe) a 200, 400, 600, 800, 1 000 y 1 200 mg kg-1 adicionados en cuatro ocasiones al suelo: al momento del trasplante, a los 15, 45 y 60 ddt. y una solución nutritiva (SN) como control. Las variables de rendimiento y calidad medidas al fruto: peso fresco (PFF), peso seco (PSF), longitud (LF), diámetro (DF), firmeza (FI), sólidos solubles totales (SST) y el fierro (Fe) y el calcio (Ca), al tejido vegetal de follaje. Con la dosis alta de 1 200 mg kg-1 se obtuvo el valor más alto de PFF, LF y DF, mientras que con la dosis de 1 000 mg kg-1 se obtuvo el valor más alto de PSF, FI obtuvo el valor más alto con la dosis de 400 mg kg-1 y con la dosis más baja del complejo orgánico-mineral se obtuvieron los valores más altos de SST y NF. Con respecto a la concentración de nutrientes en tejido foliar la dosis de 1000 mg kg-1 provoco valores óptimos de Fe y cercano al óptimo de Ca, mientras con las dosis más bajas de 200 y 400 mg kg-1 la concentración de ambos minerales se presentó en exceso.
Avaliação do ambiente de trabalho em uma serraria no município de Porto Grande, estado do Amapá.
Authors: De Jesus André Tavares , Fiedler Nilton César , De Lima Cleyton Wilson Pereira , De Almeida Anderson Silva , Jucá Fábio Lacerda , Do Carmo Flávio Cipriano de Assis
Published: September 2019

O recurso florestal utilizado em inúmeras indústrias ao redor do mundo faz com que grandes empresas invistam no setor, entre essas empresas destacam-se a serraria, onde a finalidade trata-se do desdobro de madeira para comercialização o que acaba por expor funcionários a acidentes, por essa razão fazendo-se necessário à realização de avaliações ergonômicas que visem à melhoria do ambiente. O presente trabalho foi realizado no município de Porto Grande, estado do Amapá; durante o mês de Janeiro, a avaliação do ambiente de trabalho se deu pela mensuração de ruído, iluminação e sobrecarga térmica (IBUTG). Observou-se que os ruídos dos maquinários da empresa estão acima do limite permitido pela NR-15, porém o mesmo é amenizado pela utilização de abafadores auriculares que permitem que a jornada de trabalho seja realizada ao longo de 8 horas diárias, quanto ao nível de iluminância às máquinas atendem ao limite mínimo de iluminância estabelecidos pela NBR ISO/CIE 8995-1; quanto ao sobrecarga térmica notou-se que a média da jornada de 26,84 encontra-se acima do estabelecido por lei, no valor de 28. De maneira geral a serraria estudada, encontra-se dentro dos padrões ergonômicos, com a necessidade de pequenas correções para a melhoria e segurança do operador.
Avaliação biomecânica do trabalho da colheita manual de laranja em uma fazenda, Espírito Santo, Brasil
Authors: Jucá Fábio Lacerda , Minette Luciano José , Fiedler Nilton César , Nascimento Timóteo Paladino do , Jesus André Tavares de , Moreira José Guilherme dos Santos
Published: September 2019

Este estudo teve por objetivo realizar uma avaliação biomecânica de quatro atividades da colheita manual de laranja em uma fazenda, no sul do Espírito Santo. Foi utilizado o Modelo Biomecânico Tridimensional de Predição de Posturas e Forças Estáticas (3DSSPPTM), desenvolvido pela Universidade de Michigan. A avaliação biomecânica indicou que para a atividade de carregamento das sacolas até o veículo de transporte, os valores de carga estavam acima do limite recomendado, com elevado risco de desenvolvimento de lesões na coluna vertebral e nas articulações avaliadas. Também existe altíssimo risco de lesões para os membros superiores (punho, ombro e tronco). Conclui-se que a colheita manual de laranja possui risco ergonômico para os trabalhadores durante a execução de suas atividades, proporcionando elevados e iminentes riscos de desenvolvimento de lesões e doenças osteomusculares relacionadas ao trabalho.
The use of low-intensity laser radiation in the treatment of occupational diseases of the peripheral nervous system
Authors: Malkova N. Yu. , Grebenkov S. V. , Kochetova O. A.
Published: September 2019

Introduction. Laser radiation, discovered in the mid-twentieth century, is actively used in modern medicine. Along with the effects of high-energy lasers, researchers are attracting more and more attention to the methods of low-intensity laser therapy in the treatment of various diseases of the peripheral nervous system. At the same time, there are very few works in which the effectiveness of low-intensity laser radiation action in occupational diseases of the nervous system would be assessed.

The aim of study was searching for information on the modern understanding of the mechanisms of action of low-intensity laser radiation and on its use in the treatment of occupational diseases of the nervous system in Russian and foreign scientific literature.

Materials and methods: The article presents an overview of available scientific Russian and foreign literary sources. Search and selection of sources was carried out using open databases PubMed and RSCI.

Results. Low-intensity laser therapy has anti-inflammatory, analgesic, immunocorrective and reflexogenic effects. There are described cases of successful application of low-intensity laser radiation in the treatment of vibration disease, radicular and muscular tonic syndromes, carpal tunnel syndrome. At the same time, there are no works in which the influence of low-intensity laser radiation on the dynamics of professional polyneuropathy of the upper limbs would be assessed.

Conclusions: The biological effect of low-intensity laser radiation is complex and many-sided. Low-intensity laser therapy has a wide spectrum of action on various pathogenesis pathways, it is a common method of treating diseases of the peripheral nervous system, including professional aetiology. The urgent task is to substantiate and develop a technique for using low-intensity laser radiation to treat patients with professional polyneuropathies of the upper limbs (as the most common occupational disease of the peripheral nervous system) and to evaluate its effectiveness during dynamic observation.
UTILIZING AUDIO VISUAL AIDS TO IMPROVE ENGLISH SPEAKING SKILL FOR THE EIGHT GRADE STUDENTS OF SMP NEGERI 3 BANAWA
Authors: irmawati
Published: September 2019

This study aims to improve the speaking skill of the eighth grade students of SMP Negeri 3 Banawa in the use of audio visual aids. This research was conducted through action research consisting of two cycles. Each cycle consists of two meetings. Researcher work collaboratively with Teacher of English and students. The research data is in the form of qualitative and quantitative data. Quantitative data obtained through test cycle I and test cycle II. Meanwhile, qualitative data were obtained from observation during the implementation of the action; interview with Teacher of English and the eighth grade students from class VIII A; and discussion with Teacher of English. Data in the form of field notes, interview transcripts, and photographs. The validity of the data is obtained by applying utilization Audio Visual Aids, results and processes. The results show that there was an increase in students' speaking skills through the use of audio visual aids. The audio-visual tool used in this study was video and slide. Videos were taken from youtube.com in the form of dialogue in certain expressions. These videos can attract students' attention and increase their learning motivation. Students can have a better understanding of the use of English in real situations when they learn appropriate English-language models through audio-visual aids (video and slide). Students make improvements in several aspects of speaking skills, such as pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, fluency and comprehensibility. They are more confident in speaking English. They have more opportunities to talk. They actively participate during the teaching and learning process. In addition, they did not hesitate to ask the teacher when they found difficulties. The research findings are also supported by the results of students' speaking achievement which increased from 57.78 in cycle I to 72.67 in cycle II.
Putting the Goal back into Grit: Academic goal commitment, Grit and Academic Achievement
Authors: Tang Xin , Guo Jiesi
Published: September 2019

In aim to explain and address the weak grit-achievement association issue, this study argued that to find a strong grit effect on achievement a highly committed goal in that achievement domain has to be considered simultaneously. Drew a longitudinal sample that including about 550 students in both time waves (8th and 9th grade), we examined the stability and transition of profiles of grit and academic-goal commitment using person-oriented approach. We found four profiles represented across two grades: High committed profile, Mediocre profile, Low committed profile, and Extremely-low committed profile. Only about 20% of the students were identified as High committed profile, i.e., high academic-goal commitment and high grit-perseverance. Latent transition analysis showed that there was intensive changes between profiles when moving from 8th grade to 9th grade. More importantly, we found that students in High committed profile had the highest academic achievement than other profiles after gender, social economic status, conscientiousness, academic persistence had been accounted for.
Diagnostic Role of Ultrasonography in Right Iliac Fossa Pathologies
Authors: Javaid Mishal , Tariq Ayesha , Javaid Hiba Noreen
Published: September 2019

Ultrasound is often the imaging modality of choice in patients with acute right iliac fossa pain.  Right iliac fossa pain remains the commonest clinical dilemma encountered by general surgeons. The management of acute right iliac fossa pain is audited, examining the relationship between symptom duration, use of pre-operative radiological imaging and patient outcome. Objective: To determine the diagnostic role of ultrasonography in Right Iliac Fossa pathologies. Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study was carried out at the Department of Radiology in Sir Ganga Ram Hospital Lahore, Pakistan. Duration of study was from March 2018 to November 2018. 85 patients with Right Iliac Fossa pain selected through convenient sampling technique. Statistical software for social sciences (SPSS version 22.0) is used for the analysis of data. Conclusion: The results in the study reflect findings from high volume emergency surgical departments and patients of pain in right iliac fossa demonstrating that unfocussed abdominal and pelvic ultrasounds are not an appropriate use of resources in patients with Right iliac fossa pain.

Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 7(3): 382-386
Assessment of Soil Nutrient Status under Different Cropping Systems in Khotang, Nepal
Authors: Devkota Pawan , Aryal Dipendra , Khanal Baburam
Published: September 2019

Availability of plant nutrients in rhizosphere is directly influenced by types of crop grown and land use pattern. The experiment was conducted in Diktel Rupakot Majhuwagadhi Municipality, Khotang, Nepal to assess the soil nutrients dynamics as influenced by different cropping system. Five different cropping systems (Rice – Wheat, Maize – Millet, Maize – Vegetables, Ginger and Cardamom) were selected as treatments and all treatments were replicated for five times for blocking in Randomized Complete Block Design. Soil samples from 0-15 cm depth were collected from each site and evaluated for soil pH, soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (N), available phosphorus (P), and available potassium (K). All the tested parameters except N were found to be significantly affected by cropping system. Soil in all five cropping systems were found acidic (pH<6.5) in nature with pH ranging from 5.180-6.640. The SOC was recorded highest (3.102%) from Cardamom based system and lowest amount of SOC was observed in Ginger based system. The highest amount of P (32.14 mg/kg) was reported in Maize – Vegetables cropping system and lowest P content (5.72 mg/kg) was recorded from Cardamom based system. P content in Ginger based system (31.51 mg/kg) was statistically at par with that of Rice – Wheat system. The highest K content (306.50 mg/kg) was recorded from Maize – Vegetable cropping system and lowest K content (34.80 mg/kg) was observed in Cardamom based system which is statistically similar to Rice –Wheat (35.70 mg/kg) and Maize –Millet systems (77.20 mg/kg). The result indicated that cropping systems have huge impact on plant nutrient dynamics in soil.

Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 7(3): 341-346
PENGARUH RESPONSIBILITAS DAN SIKAP KERJA TERHADAP KUALITAS PELAYANAN DI KELURAHAN TENGAH KECAMATAN CIBINONG KABUPATEN BOGOR
Authors: Rahadian A. H. , Rusantono Bambang
Published: September 2019

The problem that made the object of research is the phenomenon of the Quality of Service in Tengah Sub-District at Cibinong District in Bogor Regency is not optimal. The purpose of this study is that analyze the magnitude Influence Responsibility and Work Attitude toward the Quality of Service in Tengah Sub-District at Cibinong District in Bogor Regency.This study uses a quantitative explanatory to saw how much influence X1 and X2 to Y by partial and multiple. Population in this research service recipient in Tengah Sub-District amounted to 1.332 people and sampling by Slovin, the samples are 308 respondents. The research instrument using a Likert scale.Results of the analysis and discussion of the results showed that There is a Significant and Positive Influence of Responsibility toward the Quality of Service in Tengah Sub-District at Cibinong District in Bogor Regency; There is a Significant and Positive Influence of Work Attitude toward the Quality of Service in Tengah Sub-District at Cibinong District in Bogor Regency; and There is a Significant and Positive Influence of Responsibility and Work Attitude together toward the Quality of Service in Tengah Sub-District at Cibinong District in Bogor Regency.
ANALISIS PEMERIKSAAN PAJAK DALAM RANGKA OPTIMALISASI PENERIMAAN NEGARA DI SEKTOR PERPAJAKAN
Authors: Irawan Bambang , Budiono Teguh
Published: September 2019

The purpose of this study was to determine how the tax audit can optimize revenues in the tax sector, factors that become an obstacle in carrying out tax audits, and any solution that could be recommended to overcome such obstacles. This study used a qualitative approach, by conducting interviews, observation and document study. The informants in this study are stakeholders who understand the implementation of a tax audit as many as six informants. Tax audits to optimize state income in the taxation sector is influenced by several factors, namely legislation which provides clarity, certainty and simplicity that can reduce the dispute regulations, government policy in implementing regulations, administrative system that provides counseling function, care and supervision as well information systems support, excellent service in the implementation of a tax audit, the level of awareness and understanding of the taxpayer to the tax laws, and functional Examiner and professional integrity. There are several obstacles to the implementation of the tax audit, include unrealistic state revenue target in the taxation sector, tax laws have multiple interpretations, limited external data and unintegrated internal data held, the burden of routine inspections are high, the lack of quantity and quality Functional Tax Audit, and lack of official vehicles and operating funds. Solutions to overcome these obstacles, include preparation of the revenue target should be more realistic, tax laws should be drawn with regard to principles of clarity, certainty and simplicity, optimization of Government Regulation No. 31 of 2012, reducing routine inspection, addition of the quantity and quality Functional Tax Audit, and the provision of vehicles service.
Perancangan Aplikasi Perpustakaan Berbasis Web pada SMK Negeri 1 Rangkasbitung
Authors: Salsabilah Zafira , Yulianti Yulianti
Published: September 2019

The school library is one of supporting that could achieve the quality of education. It was because the library could be a source of learning in the school. Management of data processing, lending, and returning of library books could take a lot of fees and times. It was because using a ledger. Besides, the students having difficulties in order to get the books. It was because there is no technology information that provide the search engine toward a books. This research was focus on the library information system. The objective of this research were to facilitate officer in managing the library data and to make the students easy to find the books. This library application is website-based which is develop by using the PHP as programming language while MySQL as database management system. The method that used to conduct the data were structured interview, literature study, and observation which regard to the school library in making a library application. This study gives the result in the usability aspect the percentage is 79,5%, its mean that the library application could facilitate officer in processing data collection, borrowing and returning library books, moreover, the students could search the book easily.
ANALISIS KINERJA KEUANGAN PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR ( Sebuah Studi Empiris Pada Perusahaan manufaktur Industri logam go public di BEI) Periode 2012-2016
Authors: Satiaputra Buchari E. , Suherman Herry
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT Penelitian untuk menganalisis kinerja keuangan perusahaan manufaktur dengan menggunakan motode Almant Z-Score yang telah dimodifikasi tahun 1997 yang meliputi WCTA, RETA, ROI, BVETL dan TATO sebagai variabel independen memiliki hubungan yang positif terhadap Z-Score sebagai variabel dependen yang mewakili kesulitan keuangan atau kebangkrutan perusahaan akibat inflasi dan fluktuasi rupiah yang berkepanjangan dan tidak ada kepastian. Pemilihan sampel berdasarkan purposive sampling. Total sampel semua perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Analisis digunakan adalah metode Altman Z-Score revisi 1997  merupakan analisis regresi berganda, analisis korelasi (PPM), asumsi klasik, uji hipotesis terdiri dari uji koefisien determinasi, uji-F dan uji-t. Pengujian digunakan program EVIEWS-7Keyword : WCTA, RETA, ROI, BVETL, TATO dan Z-Score
PENGARUH LIKUIDITAS, LEVERAGE DAN GROWTH TERHADAP KINERJA INDUSTRI MAKANAN DAN MINUMAN YANG TERCATAT DI INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE SELAMA PERIODE TAHUN 2011 - 2015
Authors: Sunardi Nardi , Sasmita Anisa Sari
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT Populasi penelitian ini adalah Perusahaan makanan dan minuman yang tercatat pada Bursa Efek Indonesia pada tahun penelitian 2011 sampai dengan 2015. Metode penentuan sampel dengan metode purposive sampling, dengan beberapa kriteria yang telah ditentukan  maka jumlah sampel adalah sebanyak 6 perusahaan makanan dan minuman. Data penelitian merupakan data sekunder diperoleh dari Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) tahun 2011 sampai dengan tahun 2015. Menjawab masalah penelitian dan pengujian hipotesis penelitian digunakan pendekatan regresi panel yang akan digunakan yaitu ordinary least square (OLS). Untuk mengolah data sekunder yang didapat, peneliti mengunakan program aplikasi bantuan software diantaranya MS.Exel 2010 meliputi pembuatan tabel dan grafik untuk analisis deskriptif. Sedangkan kegiatan pengolahan data statistik dengan EVIEWS versi 9.0 digunakan untuk membantu dalam menganalisis data yang digunakan dalam melakukan pengujian signifikasi analisis regresi data panel. Keyword : Return On Asset, Current Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio, Growth
PENGARUH LIKUIDITAS DAN PERPUTARAN MODAL KERJA TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS PADA PT. PARIWARA KOMUNIKASI INDONESIA DI TANGERANG
Authors: Haryanto Tri
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Current Ratio dan Working Capital Turnover Terhadap Return on Asset pada PT. Pariwara Komunikasi Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan adalah mix method dengan sampling berupa laporan keuangan dan diolah menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan verifikatif serta analisis statistik. Hasil penelitian Current Ratio berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Return on Asset dengan kontribusi pengaruh sebesar 32,6%. Uji hipotesis diperoleh probability signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05. Working Capital Turnover berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Return on Asset dengan kontribusi pengaruh sebesar 29,6%. Uji hipotesis diperoleh probability signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05. Current Ratio dan Working Capital Turnover secara simultan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Return on Asset. Hasil ini dapat dilihat dari nilai probability signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05. Keyword : Likuiditas, Perputaran Modal Kerja dan Profitabilitas