bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Employees’ Support for Cultural Change: A Case Study in a Care and Social Welfare Organisation
Authors: Stoffers Jol , Neessen Petra , Gorissen Annelie
Published: May 2015

The care and social welfare sector in the Netherlands is changing. The care recipients, and their family and social network, are now primarily responsible for their own care. Only those who depend on professional care are financially supported by the government. Any professional help must be employed as effectively and efficiently as possible. This requires care and social welfare organisations to change their strategies and for these strategies to be successful, these organisations need a cultural change. In this case study, it was examined whether there is adequate support for the necessary cultural change in a care and social welfare organisation located in the south of the Netherlands. The study looked into the differences in the desires of the management and the organisation as a whole as to what the cultural change should entail. It can be concluded from the findings of this study that there is indeed support for the enhancement of the adhocratic culture. The main discrepancy lies in the fact that employees prefer less of a market culture, whereas the required cultural profile actually focuses on more. The employees believe that more market culture will lead to less effective service provision for both clients and buyers.
The Financial System in Albania
Authors: Doda Sanie
Published: May 2015

The Albanian public has gone through a lot of important economical crises and is still very sensitive from factors, even small ones that affect their beliefs in key sectors of the economy. However progress has been made towards the opinion of the general public, in recognition of the financial mediators and financial markets from a good part of the population, since public trust is important to a lot of sectors. Our financial system has gone through a lot of phases, starting from the fall of communism when the country entered a transition phase and the need of a new genuine financial system arose, since there was not any in existence, to continue with the need of development of the banking sector as the most important sector and while creating later a legal basis to help in the progress of this failed system.Developed countries constantly perfection their financial systems. It is astonishing how far they have gone and achieved in their development and in the regulation of some imperfections. Everything seems like it has an answer and the opportunities for investments are huge. Technology has also influenced because it has made everything easier. The role of financial intermediaries is well defined and they are precisely financial intermediaries that help in the regulation of imperfections of the financial markets, and the financial markets are structured in such a way that makes possible the realization of transactions and investments in an instant and very easy way and have a wide sufficient function.
Minimizing Central-Local Relation using Local Resource Mobilization in Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Fakhrul
Published: May 2015

AbstractUnion Parishad (UP) is the lowest tier of rural local government plays an important role to fulfill the demand and aspiration of local people and the overall development of the country. But UP (Union Parishad) in Bangladesh are yet to perform optimal local revenue mobilization. This paper examines opportunities and constraints local revenue trend and performance and the problems of revenue mobilization and to provide a strategy for reducing dependency on the central government and enhancing the revenue collection of Union Parishad. The analysis is exemplified by exploratory and descriptive method and social survey has been arranged for collecting data and information from Unions of Bajitpur upazilla under Kishoregonj district. A general conclusion emerging from the study is that despite revenue potentials, weak revenue administration, less power to create new source of revenue, lack of people’s participation, lack of permanent tax collector and political and central control are the major impediments on local resource mobilization. This study tries to explore potential area of resource and suggested to control political pressure, to set up campaign and workshop on resource mobilization and bringing awareness among the citizens as well as UP officials.Key Words: Local Resources, Mobilization, Dependency, Central Government, Potential Income Area.
Corporate Governance and Voluntary Disclosure of Interim Financial Reporting in Jordan
Authors: Albawwat Ala Hussein , Ali basah Mohamad Yazis
Published: May 2015

In today’s economy, companies try to publicize their good value by revealing related information in their financial reports as a way of convincing their stakeholders that investment in them is a good move. This paper delves into the relationship that exists between characteristics of corporate governance and structure of ownership on voluntary disclosure in interim financial reports (half yearly) published, focusing on variables that affect voluntary disclosure of the ASE Jordanian listed companies. The dynamic panel system GMM estimation was employed on the data from 72 selected ASE listed companies for the period of 2009-2013, and the results show that a substantial degree of voluntary disclosure is demonstrated in high level corporate governance awareness and implementation in Jordan. Specifically, the factors of board compensation, audit firm size, and government ownership significantly impact voluntary disclosure. Aside from that, voluntary disclosure in the half-yearly reports has potential impact on market capitalization.
Empowerment of Women in the Era Asean Economic Community (AEC)
Authors: Malaka Mashur
Published: May 2015

Female gender has been identified as a domestic worker, of course, requires a great struggle to fit in the commercialization of the world of work. This paper attempts to provide an alternative as part of efforts to improve the professionalism and competitiveness of women Facing Era Asean Economic Community (AEC). Women's empowerment aims as human resources in development, is expected to have professionalism and competitiveness in komersialiasai world of work. Empowerment of women itself is instilling the values that aims to develop self-potential women's dignity and individual (human dignity), be able to help themselves. Empowerment is certainly still involve the public as users of services for women workers, as well as the target group of women empowerment, the expected lack of understanding of the role of women in the era of Asean Economy Community (AEC) which requires professionalism and competitiveness. Therefore, the empowerment that need to be built is public awareness of gender equality, the commercialization of the world of work for women, supporting gender Responship government policy, the optimization of formal and informal education of women, giving space / opportunity and confidence to women to be able to show self-actualization , gave a positive appreciation, and develop skills-based hobby to be able to have creative ideas.
Alhajaya, Mohammed Salem \ associate proffers \Sports Science Faculty \Mutah University
Authors: Alhajaya Mohammed Salem
Published: May 2015

Effects of proprioception training on knee joint position sense in male soccer athletes.

 

Abstract

 

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of proprioception training program on knee joint position sense in male soccer athletes. Reproduction of knee joint angle by a passive (by the examiner) - active (by the subjects) positioning was employed to measure joint position sense. Thirty male athletes (N=30) were participated in this study from Sports Science faculty at Mutah University whom registered in soccer course for Fall semester 2013/2014. The researcher used the non-dominant as an experimental limb and underwent proprioceptive training program and dominant as a control limb. The researcher used paired-sample and independent-samples-t- Test to analyse the absolute angles score of present study.

Results indicated that there was a significant difference of reproduction of the knee joint angle before and after intervention training for the non-dominant limb and a significant difference between dominant and non-dominant limb after intervention training program, (p ≤ 0.05).

It was suggested that using a proprioception training program may have a direct impact in decreasing knee joint injuries in male soccer athletes.

 

 

Key words: proprioception, joint position sense, reproduce joint angle, male soccer athletes, training program.

 
Capturing Agency and Voice in Research: A Critical Review of Studies of Youth Unemployment, Self-employment and the Informal Sector in Botswana
Authors: Sechele Latang
Published: May 2015

This article reviews literature on youth unemployment and self-employment as well as the informal sector in Botswana and the extent to which young people feature as agents in these studies. It pays attention to their areas of focus, research questions, and methodologies employed to understand the situation of youth unemployment and self-employment. One key finding coming from this review is that most of research portrays young people as overwhelmed by structural constraints and no attention is paid to their agency in the form of their perceptions of the situations they encounter as well as the strategies they use to respond to constraints and enablements. The article concludes by way of suggesting the methods and use of theoretical frameworks that would give a voice to young people as agents, which researchers should pay attention to in research designs.
Presentación No.3(2) 2010
Authors: Editor El
Published: May 2015

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/ce.v3i2.1929
Establecimiento de una red Geodésica en Tegucigalpa (Honduras) mediante tecnologías GPS
Authors: Bosque Sendra Joaquín , Malpica Valesco José Antonio , Maza Vázquez Francisco , Rodríguez Díaz Guadalupe , Pina de Caríaz Ma Cristina , Castellanos Yeny MC , González Mauricio , Pavón Jimy , Plata Rocha Wenceslao , Andrés Meza Oscar , Carias Arias Antonio B , Soriano Sanz Maria Luisa , Bermúdez González Juan Luis
Published: May 2015

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/ce.v3i2.1930
Estimación de cambios en la cobertura y uso del suelo de un sector de la zona sur de Honduras
Authors: Corrales Andino Rafael Enrique
Published: May 2015

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/ce.v3i2.1931
La ciudad como modelo de planificación en la ordenación territorial
Authors: Maza Vázquez Francisco
Published: May 2015

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/ce.v3i2.1932
La Maestría en ordenamiento y gestión del territorio y los proyectos de vinculación con la sociedad
Authors: Ochoa López Vilma Lorena
Published: May 2015

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/ce.v3i2.1933
Modelo de realidad virtual del centro histórico del distrito central Basado en análisis especial con sistemas de información geográfica (Parte II)
Authors: Moreno Segura Eduardo L
Published: May 2015

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/ce.v3i2.1934
Bystander Effect Fuels Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Neural Stem Cells to Quickly Attenuate Early Stage Neurological Deficits After Stroke
Authors: Eckert Auston , Huang Lei , Gonzalez Rodolfo , Kim Hye-Sun , Hamblin Milton H. , Lee Jean-Pyo
Published: May 2015

Present therapies for stroke rest with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), the sole licensed antithrombotic on the market; however, tPA's effectiveness is limited in that the drug not only must be administered less than 3–5 hours after stroke but often exacerbates blood-brain barrier (BBB) leakage and increases hemorrhagic incidence. A potentially promising therapy for stroke is transplantation of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural stem cells (hiPSC-NSCs). To date, the effects of iPSCs on injuries that take place during early stage ischemic stroke have not been well studied. Consequently, we engrafted iPSC-NSCs into the ipsilesional hippocampus, a natural niche of NSCs, at 24 hours after stroke (prior to secondary BBB opening and when inflammatory signature is abundant). At 48 hours after stroke (24 hours after transplant), hiPSC-NSCs had migrated to the stroke lesion and quickly improved neurological function. Transplanted mice showed reduced expression of proinflammatory factors (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin 6 [IL-6], IL-1β, monocyte chemotactic protein 1, macrophage inflammatory protein 1α), microglial activation, and adhesion molecules (intercellular adhesion molecule 1, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1) and attenuated BBB damage. We are the first to report that engrafted hiPSC-NSCs rapidly improved neurological function (less than 24 hours after transplant). Rapid hiPSC-NSC therapeutic activity is mainly due to a bystander effect that elicits reduced inflammation and BBB damage.

Significance

Clinically, cerebral vessel occlusion is rarely permanent because of spontaneous or thrombolytic therapy-mediated reperfusion. These results have clinical implications indicating a much extended therapeutic window for transplantation of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural stem cells (hiPSC-NSCs; 24 hours after stroke as opposed to the 5-hour window with tissue plasminogen activator [tPA]). In addition, there is potential for a synergistic effect by combining hiPSC-NSC transplantation with tPA to attenuate stroke's adverse effects.
Effect of TGF-β1 Stimulation on the Secretome of Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells
Authors: Rodríguez Tania M. , Saldías Alejandro , Irigo Marcelo , Zamora Jorge Velasco , Perone Marcelo J. , Dewey Ricardo A.
Published: May 2015

Adipose tissue is an attractive source of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) owing to the relative ease of obtaining large volumes with more MSC abundance compared with other sources. Increasing evidence supports the fact that trophic factors secreted by MSCs play a pivotal therapeutic role. Several strategies in regenerative medicine use MSCs, mainly exploiting their immunosuppressive effect and homing capacity to sites of damage. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is a pleiotropic cytokine that, depending on the cell niche, can display either anti-inflammatory or proinflammatory effects. TGF-β1 expression increases in various tissues with damage, especially when accompanied by inflammation. Thus, we analyzed the effect of TGF-β1 on the secretion by adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (ASCs) of a panel of 80 cytokines/chemokines using an antibody array. To avoid a possible effect of fetal bovine serum (FBS) on ASCs secretion, we performed our analysis by culturing cells in FBS-free conditions, only supplemented with 0.1% of bovine serum albumin. We report the cytokine profile secreted by ASCs. We also found that TGF-β1 exposure modulates 8 chemokines and 18 cytokines, including TGF-β1 and -β2, and other important cytokines involved in immunosuppression, allergic responses, and bone resorption.

Significance

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) secrete a broad spectrum of bioactive macromolecules that are both immunoregulatory and serve to structure regenerative microenvironments in fields of tissue injury. Increases or decreases in the production of TGF-β1 have been linked to numerous disease states, including autoimmune diseases and cancer. The secretome of MSCs stimulated with TGF-β1 is largely unknown. Thus, the present study makes an important contribution toward a better understanding of how MSCs could be affected by a cytokine normally upregulated in various diseases.
Kinetochore-independent chromosome segregation driven by lateral microtubule bundles
Authors: Muscat Christina C , Torre-Santiago Keila M , Tran Michael V , Powers James A , Wignall Sarah M
Published: May 2015

During cell division, chromosomes attach to spindle microtubules at sites called kinetochores, and force generated at the kinetochore-microtubule interface is the main driver of chromosome movement. Surprisingly, kinetochores are not required for chromosome segregation on acentrosomal spindles in Caenorhabditis elegans oocytes, but the mechanism driving chromosomes apart in their absence is not understood. In this study, we show that lateral microtubule–chromosome associations established during prometaphase remain intact during anaphase to facilitate separation, defining a novel form of kinetochore-independent segregation. Chromosome dynamics during congression and segregation are controlled by opposing forces; plus-end directed forces are mediated by a protein complex that forms a ring around the chromosome center and dynein on chromosome arms provides a minus-end force. At anaphase onset, ring removal shifts the balance between these forces, triggering poleward movement along lateral microtubule bundles. This represents an elegant strategy for controlling chromosomal movements during cell division distinct from the canonical kinetochore-driven mechanism.
Functional genome-wide siRNA screen identifies KIAA0586 as mutated in Joubert syndrome
Authors: Roosing Susanne , Hofree Matan , Kim Sehyun , Scott Eric , Copeland Brett , Romani Marta , Silhavy Jennifer L , Rosti Rasim O , Schroth Jana , Mazza Tommaso , Miccinilli Elide , Zaki Maha S , Swoboda Kathryn J , Milisa-Drautz Joanne , Dobyns William B , Mikati Mohamed A , İncecik Faruk , Azam Matloob , Borgatti Renato , Romaniello Romina , Boustany Rose-Mary , Clericuzio Carol L , D'Arrigo Stefano , Strømme Petter , Boltshauser Eugen , Stanzial Franco , Mirabelli-Badenier Marisol , Moroni Isabella , Bertini Enrico , Emma Francesco , Steinlin Maja , Hildebrandt Friedhelm , Johnson Colin A , Freilinger Michael , Vaux Keith K , Gabriel Stacey B , Aza-Blanc Pedro , Heynen-Genel Susanne , Ideker Trey , Dynlacht Brian D , Lee Ji Eun , Valente Enza Maria , Kim Joon , Gleeson Joseph G
Published: May 2015

Defective primary ciliogenesis or cilium stability forms the basis of human ciliopathies, including Joubert syndrome (JS), with defective cerebellar vermis development. We performed a high-content genome-wide small interfering RNA (siRNA) screen to identify genes regulating ciliogenesis as candidates for JS. We analyzed results with a supervised-learning approach, using SYSCILIA gold standard, Cildb3.0, a centriole siRNA screen and the GTex project, identifying 591 likely candidates. Intersection of this data with whole exome results from 145 individuals with unexplained JS identified six families with predominantly compound heterozygous mutations in KIAA0586. A c.428del base deletion in 0.1% of the general population was found in trans with a second mutation in an additional set of 9 of 163 unexplained JS patients. KIAA0586 is an orthologue of chick Talpid3, required for ciliogenesis and Sonic hedgehog signaling. Our results uncover a relatively high frequency cause for JS and contribute a list of candidates for future gene discoveries in ciliopathies.
On the field‐aligned electric field in the polar cap
Authors: Wing Simon , Fairfield Donald H. , Johnson Jay R. , Ohtani Shin‐I.
Published: May 2015

The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory open‐field line particle precipitation model predicts downward field‐aligned electric field to maintain charge quasi‐neutrality. Previous studies confirmed the existence of such electric fields. However, the present study shows that upward field‐aligned electric field can be found within upward field‐aligned current (FAC) region. In the upward FAC region, upward electric field that accelerates electron downward is seen with the occurrence rates of 82%–96%. In contrast, the occurrence rates in the downward FAC regions are 3%–11%. Polar rain electrons located in the upward FAC region adjacent to closed field lines often show a ramping up of energy with increasing latitude before reaching a plateau. This plateau may be attributed to the magnetosheath electrons that progressively have higher antisunward velocity and lower density with increasing distance from the subsolar point before they asymptotically reach the solar wind values.
New scaling model for variables and increments with heavy‐tailed distributions
Authors: Riva Monica , Neuman Shlomo P. , Guadagnini Alberto
Published: May 2015

Many hydrological (as well as diverse earth, environmental, ecological, biological, physical, social, financial and other) variables, Y, exhibit frequency distributions that are difficult to reconcile with those of their spatial or temporal increments, ΔY. Whereas distributions of Y (or its logarithm) are at times slightly asymmetric with relatively mild peaks and tails, those of ΔY tend to be symmetric with peaks that grow sharper, and tails that become heavier, as the separation distance (lag) between pairs of Y values decreases. No statistical model known to us captures these behaviors of Y and ΔY in a unified and consistent manner. We propose a new, generalized sub‐Gaussian model that does so. We derive analytical expressions for probability distribution functions (pdfs) of Y and ΔY as well as corresponding lead statistical moments. In our model the peak and tails of the ΔY pdf scale with lag in line with observed behavior. The model allows one to estimate, accurately and efficiently, all relevant parameters by analyzing jointly sample moments of Y and ΔY. We illustrate key features of our new model and method of inference on synthetically generated samples and neutron porosity data from a deep borehole.
Pressure cycling for purging of dead spaces in high‐purity gas delivery systems
Authors: Kishore Jivaan , Shadman Farhang , Dittler Roy , Carl Geisert
Published: May 2015

The purging of stagnant or dead volumes in gas distribution systems is an important method for removing impurities and maintaining cleanliness. A combination of experimental investigation and computational process modeling is used to study the dynamics of impurity removal under variety of purge conditions. The controlled cycling of pressure during purge is found to enhance the cleaning process significantly, particularly in dead spaces. The process simulator was used to develop and analyze a pressure‐cyclic purge (PCP) method and understand the conditions that would make PCP advantageous over steady‐state purge (SSP). In particular, the effect of geometric factors, impurity surface interactions, flow rate, and cycle characteristics on PCP and its comparison with SSP was studied. The advantage of the PCP method, in terms of both purge time and gas usage, becomes more pronounced in systems with larger number and size of dead spaces and impurities that interact strongly with the surfaces. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 61: 3973–3980, 2015
Management of acute asthma exacerbations
Authors: Franzese Christine
Published: May 2015

Background

Acute asthma exacerbations are common events in the lives of asthmatics, and even the best‐managed asthma patients will have acute asthma exacerbations. There are different levels of severity of exacerbations with corresponding management strategies the physician can use to treat acute events. These strategies, including some adjunctive therapies, are reviewed in this article.

Methods

A review of the English‐language scientific literature was performed regarding management of acute asthma exacerbations, focusing of published guidelines, meta‐analyses, and database reviews.

Results

Symptoms of exacerbations are reviewed with attention to determining the severity of the exacerbation and the place of management, either at home or in a more acute care setting. Medical therapies for the treatment of each severity level are reviewed as to their effectiveness. Post‐exacerbation care is also discussed.

Conclusion

Asthma exacerbations will happen and both the provider and patient need to be educated on how to manage these occurrences. Whether the patient is managed at home or in a hospital setting will be determined by the level of severity. Regardless of the medical therapies employed, continued focus should be on further prevention of additional exacerbations.
Localized EM and photonic jets from non‐spherical and non‐symmetrical dielectric mesoscale objects: Brief review
Authors: Minin Igor V. , Minin Oleg V. , Geints Yuri E.
Published: May 2015

The interest to mesoscale dielectric objects, whose effective dimensions are comparable with the incident radiation wavelength, is caused by their unique ability to modify the spatial structure of the incident wave in the specific manner and to produce a highly localized intensive optical flux (“photonic jet”) with the subwavelength spatial resolution. In the current paper we brief review the modern state‐of‐the‐art of main principles of the photonic jet formation by non‐spherical and non‐symmetrical dielectric mesoscale particles both in transmitting and reflection mode. A deeper understanding of the photonic jet is nevertheless needed to fully exploit the potential performance of nano‐ and micro‐ dielectric mesoscale objects as diffractive components at different wavebands.

image
Western Section of the ‘Dry Moat’ Channel Surrounding Step Pyramid Complex in Saqqara in the Light of Ground‐penetrating Radar Prospection
Authors: Welc Fabian , Mieszkowski Radosław , Trzciński Jerzy , Kowalczyk Sebastian
Published: May 2015

The Dry Moat is one of the most impressive and at the same time puzzling architectonic structure preserved within the famous royal necropolis at Saqqara, Egypt. It is a rock‐hewn ditch about 40 m wide and of variable depth, which surrounds the Step Pyramid complex built by Pharaoh Djoser from the Third Dynasty which was the first monumental structure totally built of stone blocks in human history. The function and intention of the Dry Moat remained unknown prior to this study and was unique in the Old Kingdom (ca. 4600–4200 BP). The main focus of the ground‐penetrating radar (GPR) survey conducted in 2012 was recognizing the course of the western section of the Dry Moat and determining the geometry of this structure. The GPR survey confirmed the effectiveness of the GPR method and determined that this vast architectural structure is a ditch surrounding the Step Pyramid. The western section of the Dry Moat was found to have a different geometry than previously thought. The stratigraphy of the infilling beds suggests that it is deeper in the western part than in the eastern one. In the light of conducted GPR prospection it seems likely that the Dry Moat served originally as the huge quarry for material used for construction of the Step Pyramid. It may have also had a secondary function that was purely religious in nature, as has been suggested by some scholars. The Dry Moat seems to be a unique stone work without any known analogies from ancient Egypt. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Short Helix Formed by Cyclic β2,3‐Aminoxy Peptides in Protic Solvents
Authors: Hao Yu , An Ke , Zhang Dan‐Wei , Yang Dan
Published: May 2015

Water‐soluble cyclic β2,3‐aminoxy peptides have been successfully prepared and characterized in polar organic solvents and aqueous media. The monomeric and oligomeric peptides exhibit unique β N−O turns and helical conformations, with extraordinary stability toward a wide range of pH values and temperatures.
Control of Microbial Growth in Alginate/Polydopamine Core/Shell Microbeads
Authors: Kim Beom Jin , Park Taegyun , Park So‐Young , Han Sang Woo , Lee Hee‐Seung , Kim Yang‐Gyun , Choi Insung S.
Published: May 2015

Microbial microencapsulation not only protects microorganisms from harmful environments by physically isolating them from the outside media but also has the potential to tailor the release profile of the encapsulated cells. However, the microbial release has not yet been controlled tightly, leading to undesired detrimental exposure of microorganisms to the outside. In this work, we suggest a simple method for controlling the cell release by suppressing the microbial growth in the microbeads. Alginate microbeads, encapsulating yeast cells, were coated with ultrathin but robust polydopamine shells, and the resulting core/shell structures effectively reduced the growth rate, while maintaining the cell viability.
Pyrolytic synthesis and luminescence of porous lanthanide Eu‐MOF
Authors: Jin Guangya , Liu Zhijian , Sun Hongfa , Tian Zhiyong
Published: May 2015

A lanthanide metal coordination polymer [Eu2(BDC)3(DMSO)(H2O)] was synthesized by the reaction of europium oxide with benzene‐1,3‐dicarboxylic acid (H2BDC) in a mixed solution of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and water under hydrothermal conditions. The crystal structure of Eu2(BDC)3(DMSO)(H2O) was characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD). Thermo‐gravimetric analysis of Eu2(BDC)3(DMSO)(H2O) indicated that coordinated DMSO and H2O molecules could be removed to create Eu2(BDC)3(DMSO)(H2O)‐py with permanent microporosity, which was also verified by powder XRD (PXRD) and elemental analysis. Both Eu2(BDC)3(DMSO)(H2O) and Eu2(BDC)3(DMSO)(H2O)‐py showed mainly Eu‐based luminescence and had characteristic emissions in the range 550–700 nm. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A fluorescent chemosensor based on naphthol for detection of Zn2+
Authors: Lin Hsiang‐Yi , Chen Ting‐Yu , Liu Chih‐Kai , Wu An‐Tai
Published: May 2015

A simple naphthol‐based fluorescent receptor 1 was prepared and evaluated for its fluorescence response to heavy metal ions. Receptor 1 exhibits an ‘off‐on‐type’ mode with high selectivity in the presence of Zn2+ ion. The selectivity of 1 for Zn2+ is the consequence of combined effects of chelation‐enhanced fluorescence (CHEF), C = N isomerization and π–π stacking interaction between the two naphthalene rings. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dual‐signal amplification strategy for ultrasensitive chemiluminescence detection of PDGF–BB in capillary electrophoresis
Authors: Cao Jun‐Tao , Wang Hui , Ren Shu‐Wei , Chen Yong‐Hong , Liu Yan‐Ming
Published: May 2015

Many efforts have been made toward the achievement of high sensitivity in capillary electrophoresis coupled with chemiluminescence detection (CE‐CL). This work describes a novel dual‐signal amplification strategy for highly specific and ultrasensitive CL detection of human platelet‐derived growth factor–BB (PDGF–BB) using both aptamer and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) modified gold nanoparticles (HRP–AuNPs–aptamer) as nanoprobes in CE. Both AuNPs and HRP in the nanoprobes could amplify the CL signals in the luminol–H2O2 CL system, owing to the excellent catalytic behavior of AuNPs and HRP in the CL system. Meanwhile, the high affinity of aptamer modified on the AuNPs allows detection with high specificity. As proof‐of‐concept, the proposed method was employed to quantify the concentration of PDGF–BB from 0.50 to 250 fm with a detection limit of 0.21 fm. The applicability of the assay was further demonstrated in the analysis of PDGF–BB in human serum samples with acceptable accuracy and reliability. The result of this study exhibits distinct advantages, such as high sensitivity, good specificity, simplicity, and very small sample consumption. The good performances of the proposed strategy provide a powerful avenue for ultrasensitive detection of rare proteins in biological sample, showing great promise in biochemical analysis. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering – From the First Ullmann's Article to Recent Trends
Authors: Al‐Kaidy Huschyar , Duwe Anna , Huster Manuel , Muffler Kai , Schlegel Christin , Sieker Tim , Stadtmüller Ralf , Tippkötter Nils , Ulber Roland
Published: May 2015

For several thousand years, biotechnology and its associated technical processes have had a great impact on the development of mankind. Based on empirical methods, in particular for the production of foodstuffs and daily commodities, these disciplines have become one of the most innovative future issues. Due to the increasing detailed understanding of cellular processes, production strains can now be optimized. In combination with modern bioprocesses, a variety of bulk and fine chemicals as well as pharmaceuticals can be produced efficiently. In this article, some of the current trends in biotechnology are discussed.
Long‐term outcomes with first‐ vs. second‐generation drug‐eluting stents in saphenous vein graft lesions
Authors: Pokala Nagendra R. , Menon Rohan V. , Patel Siddharth M. , Christopoulos George , Christakopoulos Georgios E. , Kotsia Anna P. , Rangan Bavana V. , Roesle Michele , Abdullah Shuaib , Grodin Jerrold , Kumbhani Dharam J. , Hastings Jeffrey , Banerjee Subhash , Brilakis Emmanouil S.
Published: May 2015

Background

As compared with bare metal stents, first‐generation drug‐eluting stents (DES) improved post‐procedural outcomes in aortocoronary saphenous vein graft (SVG) lesions, but there is limited information on outcomes after use of second‐generation DES in SVGs.

Methods

We compared the outcomes of patients who received first‐ (n = 81) with those who received second‐generation (n = 166) DES in SVG lesions at our institution between 2006 and 2013. Major adverse cardiac events (MACE) were defined as the composite of all‐cause death, myocardial infarction, and target vessel revascularization.

Results

Mean age was 66.0 ± 8.1 years and 97.6% of the patients were men. Mean SVG age was 11.1 ± 0.4 years. First‐generation DES were sirolimus‐eluting (n = 17) and paclitaxel‐eluting (n = 64) stents. Second‐generation DES were everolimus‐eluting (n = 115) and zotarolimus‐eluting (n = 51) stents. Median follow‐up was 41 months. At 2‐years post‐procedure, patients with first‐ and second‐generation DES had similar rates of death (20.91% vs. 20.27%, P = 0.916), target lesion revascularization (16.39% vs. 20.00%, P = 0.572), target vessel revascularization (20.97% vs. 23.16%, P = 0.747), myocardial infarction (26.15% vs. 23.00%, P = 0.644), and MACE (43.5% vs. 40.87%, P = 0.707), respectively.

Conclusions

Outcomes with first‐ and second‐generation DES in SVGs are similar. Novel stent designs are needed to further improve the clinical outcomes in this challenging patient and lesion subgroup. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Brain natriuretic peptide levels variation after left atrial appendage occlusion
Authors: Cruz‐Gonzalez Ignacio , Palazuelos Molinero Jorge , Valenzuela Maria , Rada Ignacio , Perez‐Rivera Jose Angel , Arribas Jimenez Antonio , Gabella Tania , Prieto Ana Beatriz , Martín Polo Jorge , Sánchez Pedro L.
Published: May 2015

Objective

To explore the variations of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) secretion after left atrial appendage occlusion.

Background

Left atrial appendage occlusion has been increasingly performed in the last few years, however little is known about the physiological consequences of left atrial appendage occlusion. Left atrial appendage regulates partially intravascular volume via release of brain natriuretic peptide. Brain natriuretic peptide levels have been related to increased risk of stroke in atrial fibrillation patients.

Methods

Venous blood samples were obtained in consecutive patients undergoing left atrial appendage occlusion before, 24 hr after device implantation and at the first visit after discharge (45–60 days) for BNP measurement.

Results

Left atrial appendage occlusion was performed in 34 patients with non‐valvular atrial fibrillation and contraindication to long‐term oral anticoagulation or at high‐risk of bleeding. There were no differences in BNP levels between baseline and 24 hr after device implantation. However left atrial appendage closure resulted in a significant decrease in BNP levels at the first follow‐up visit (45–60 days) compared to baseline measurements (759.90 pg ml−1 vs. 636.90 pg ml−1, P = 0.013).

Conclusions

Left atrial appendage occlusion modifies BNP levels. These levels decrease after left atrial appendage occlusion. The clinical consequences of these findings need to be evaluated in further studies. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Discrepancies between direct catheter and echocardiography‐based values in aortic stenosis
Authors: Yang Chia‐Shing , Marshall Erik S. , Fanari Zaher , Kostal Michael J. , West Joseph T. , Kolm Paul , Weintraub William S. , Doorey Andrew J.
Published: May 2015

Objectives

The goal of this article is to examine the correlation of catheter (cath) based and echocardiographic assessment of aortic stenosis (AS) in a community‐based academic hospital setting, particularly in the degree that decision to refer for surgery is altered.

Background

Current guidelines discourage AS evaluation by invasive pressure measurement if echocardiography (echo) is adequate, but several studies show sizable differences between echo and cardiac catheterization lab (CCL) measurements. We examine this correlation using high quality CCL techniques.

Methods

Sequential patients with suspected AS by echo (n = 40) aged 61–94 underwent catheterization with pressure gradients via left ventricular pressure wire and ascending aorta catheter. The echos leading to the catheterization were independently reviewed by an expert panel to assess the quality of community‐based readings.

Results

CCL changed assessment of severity of aortic valve area (AVA) by more than 0.3 cm2 in 25% and 0.5 cm2 in 8%. Values changed to over or under the surgical threshold of AVA < 1 cm2 in 30% of the patients. Pearson correlation of 0.35 between measurements of AVA by echo and CCL is lower than earlier studies, which often reported correlation values of 0.90 or greater. Echo expert reviews provided minimal improvement in discrepancies (Pearson correlation of 0.46), suggesting quality of initial interpretation was not the issue.

Conclusions

Cath–echo correlation of AS severity is lower in contemporaneous practice than previously assumed. This can alter the decision for aortic valve replacement. Sole reliance on echo‐derived assessment of AS may at times be problematic. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Fabrication of a Chitosan‐Coated Magnetic Nanobiocatalyst for Starch Hydrolysis
Authors: Jain Manisha , Sebatini Mariya , Sharmila Govindasamy , Muthukumaran Chandrasekaran , Baskar Gurunathan , Tamilarasan Krishnamurthi
Published: May 2015

The preparation of chitosan‐coated magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and covalent immobilization of α‐amylase for starch hydrolysis was investigated. Surface morphology, chemical composition, and structural characteristics of the MNPs were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersion spectrometry, and X‐ray diffractometry, respectively. Surface functional groups of MNPs, chitosan‐coated MNPs, and α‐amylase‐immobilized MNPs were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Response surface methodology based on three levels was implemented to optimize three immobilization conditions and a regression model was developed. α‐Amylase‐immobilized MNPs provided better stability towards pH and temperature. The prepared thermostable nanobiocatalyst is well‐suited for industrial processes involving starch hydrolysis.
Health‐related quality‐of‐life results from PALETTE: A randomized, double‐blind, phase 3 trial of pazopanib versus placebo in patients with soft tissue sarcoma whose disease has progressed during or after prior chemotherapy—a European Organization for research and treatment of cancer soft tissue and bone sarcoma group global network study (EORTC 62072)
Authors: Coens Corneel , van der Graaf Winette T. A. , Blay Jean‐Yves , Chawla Sant P. , Judson Ian , Sanfilippo Roberta , Manson Stephanie C. , Hodge Rachel A. , Marreaud Sandrine , Prins Judith B. , Lugowska Iwona , Litière Saskia , Bottomley Andrew
Published: May 2015

BACKGROUND

Health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) was an exploratory endpoint in the PALETTE trial, a global, double‐blind, randomized, phase 3 trial of pazopanib 800 mg versus placebo as second‐line or later treatment for patients with advanced soft tissue sarcoma (N = 369). In that trial, progression‐free survival was significantly improved in the pazopanib arm (median, 4.6 vs 1.6 months; hazard ratio, 0.31; P < .001), and toxicity of pazopanib consisted mainly of fatigue, diarrhea, nausea, weight loss, and hypertension.

METHODS

HRQoL was assessed using the 30‐item core European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality‐of‐Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ‐C30) at baseline and at weeks 4, 8, and 12 in patients who received treatment on protocol. The primary HRQoL endpoint was the EORTC QLQ‐C30 global health status scale.

RESULTS

Compliance with HRQoL assessments was good, ranging from 94% at baseline to 81% at week 12. Differences in scores on the EORTC QLQ‐C30 global health status subscale between the 2 treatment arms were not statistically significant and did not exceed the predetermined, minimal clinically important difference of 10 points (P = .291; maximum difference, 3.8 points). Among the other subscales, the pazopanib arm reported significantly worse symptom scores for diarrhea (P < .001) loss of appetite (P < .001), nausea/vomiting (P < .001), and fatigue (P = .012). In general, HRQoL scores tended to decline over time in both arms.

CONCLUSIONS

HRQoL did not improve with the receipt of pazopanib. However, the observed improvement in progression‐free survival without impairment of HRQoL was considered a meaningful result. The toxicity profile of pazopanib was reflected in the patients’ self‐reported symptoms but did not translate into significantly worse overall global health status during treatment. Cancer 2015;121:2933–2941. © 2015 American Cancer Society.
Cyclooxygenase 2 inhibition in patients with non–small cell lung cancer: Is this still a valid target for therapy?
Authors: Gadgeel Shirish M.
Published: May 2015

In a randomized trial, the combination of the cyclooxygenase 2 (COX‐2) inhibitor celecoxib with erlotinib demonstrated improved progression‐free survival in patients with elevated baseline urinary prostaglandin E metabolite levels. Further studies are required to assess the usefulness of this biomarker to identify those patients with non–small cell lung cancer who are likely to benefit from COX‐2 inhibitors.
Interaction in the molten system Rb2O‐P2O5‐TiO2‐NiO. Crystal structure of the langbeinite‐related Rb2Ni0.5Ti1.5(PO4)3
Authors: Strutynska Nataliia Yu. , Bondarenko Marina A. , Ogorodnyk Ivan V. , Zatovsky Igor V. , Slobodyanik Nikolay S. , Baumer Vyacheslav N. , Puzan Anna N.
Published: May 2015

The interaction in the molten system Rb2O‐P2O5‐TiO2‐NiO was investigated at different molar ratios Rb/P = 0.5‐1.3, fixed Ti/P = 0.15, Ti/Ni = 1.0 at temperature range 1073–953 K. The conditions of formation of complex phosphates RbTi2(PO4)3, Rb2Ni0.5Ti1.5(PO4)3 and RbNiPO4 have been determined. The new phosphate Rb2Ni0.5Ti1.5(PO4)3 (space group P213, a = 9.9386(2) Å) has been obtained and investigated by the single crystal X‐ray diffraction and FTIR‐spectroscopy. It has langbeinite‐like structure, that is built up from mixed (Ni/Ti)O6‐octahedra and РО4‐tetrahedra. Rubidium atoms are located in closed cavities of 3D‐framework.
Mobile learning object authoring tool and management system for mobile ad hoc wireless networks
Authors: Nguyen Hien , Wahman Ebtissam , Pissinou Niki , Iyengar S. S. , Makki Kia
Published: May 2015

Mobile learning can augment formal education and bridge the gap between formal and informal education by creating extended learning communities using any digital technology in connected or infrastructure‐less environments. With the use of ad hoc networks and mobile authoring tools, we can now create an ‘on‐the‐fly’ learning scenario, where learners can create, share, and view content from their mobile devices without the need for server–client or infrastructure‐based liaisons. Mobile learning, however, is not just about sharing content or learning using mobile, wireless, and portable devices. Rather, it is learning across spatiotemporal contexts that enables learners to form knowledge and understanding in different scenarios. When facing limited resources stemming from the characteristics of mobility and wireless technologies, determining the best practices for content creation and delivery becomes a challenge. This paper describes the architecture of a mobile‐focused learning network designed so that learning tools, activities, contexts, and interactions are created as necessary over time and space while adhering to traditional learning object standards. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Does depression matter in neuropsychological performances in anorexia nervosa? A descriptive review
Authors: Abbate‐Daga Giovanni , Buzzichelli Sara , Marzola Enrica , Aloi Matteo , Amianto Federico , Fassino Secondo
Published: May 2015

Objective

This review aims to examine the impact of depressive symptoms on the assessment of cognitive flexibility, central coherence, and decision‐making in individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN).

Method

An online search was carried out using PubMed and PsycInfo. Articles were selected for review if they were published in English between 1990 and 2014 and used the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, the Trail Making Task parts A and B, the Brixton Test, the Rey‐Osterrieth Complex Figure Test, and/or the Iowa Gambling Task.

Results

Sixty‐two studies were included. Thirty (48%) of the studies statistically assessed the association between depression and neurocognition in AN versus healthy controls. Where significant correlations were found, it became clear that the more serious the depression, the greater the neuropsychological impairment. Only six (10%) studies examined whether increased depressive symptoms were able to eliminate the differences between individuals with AN and healthy controls, and one study found that depressive symptoms did eliminate group differences in cognitive flexibility and decision‐making.

Discussion

Only a subgroup of articles on neuropsychology in AN adjusted for depression. However, given the role of depression that some articles suggest, future studies should pay closer attention to the evaluation of this potential confounder. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2015; 48:736–745)
Intimate partner violence among women with eating disorders during the perinatal period
Authors: Kothari Radha , Easter Abigail , Lewis Rebecca , Howard Louise M. , Micali Nadia
Published: May 2015

Objective

 Prevalence of intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy is estimated to be 4%–8%. Women with mental health difficulties are at increased risk for IPV during the perinatal period. Prevalence of IPV is high among women with eating disorders (ED); however, prevalence of IPV during the perinatal period among women with ED is unknown.

Method

 We studied women from a population‐based cohort, the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. Prevalence and odds of physical and emotional IPV during and after the perinatal period was investigated among women with lifetime ED, with (n = 174) or without pregnancy shape and weight concern and/or purging behaviors (n = 189), and women with no ED (n = 8723).

Results

 Women with lifetime ED showed higher prevalence of IPV during and after the perinatal period (physical = 9.6%–14.3% and emotional = 24.1%–28.1%). Lifetime ED was associated with higher odds of physical IPV during the perinatal period (odds ratio: 2.34, 95% confidence interval: 1.11–4.93, p = .03). Lifetime ED with and without pregnancy shape and weight concerns and/or purging was associated with higher odds of IPV after the perinatal period, and higher odds of reporting emotional IPV at all time points. Associations were moderated by partner's response to pregnancy and maternal experience of childhood sexual abuse.

Discussion

 Mothers with ED and their children may be vulnerable to negative effects due to maternal ED and IPV combined, both of which have been associated with severe and long‐lasting harmful consequences. Partner's response to pregnancy and maternal experience of childhood sexual abuse might contribute to the association between ED and IPV perinatally. © 2015 The Authors. International Journal of Eating Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2015; 48:727–735)