bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kesehatan Jiwa di Indonesia dari Deinstitusionalisasi sampai Desentralisasi
Authors: Idaiani Sri
Published: January 2020

Deinstitusionalisasi adalah kebijakan di bidang kesehatan jiwa yang dimulai di negara-negara maju sekitar tahun 1950. Kebijakan tersebut telah dilakukan di Indonesia, meskipun informasi tentang keberhasilan dan kegagalan masih terbatas pada pendapat profesional di kalangan psikiatri. Disaat program ini belum sepenuhnya berhasil, Indonesia mengalami perubahan politik yang mengantarkan pada kebijakan desentralisasi. Pada saat yang bersamaan, munculmasalah kekurangan tenaga dokter spesialis psikiater. Tujuan analisis ini adalah untuk melakukan kajian terhadap berbagai masalah yang berkaitan dengan psikiater dan deinstitusionalisasi pada era desentralisasi. Dalam artikel ini disajikan beberapa kondisi yang terjadi di negara lain serta kajian terhadap kebijakan yang ada di Indonesia. Berdasarkan informasi yang dikumpulkan dapat disimpulkan bahwa di Indonesia terjadi kekurangan tenaga psikiater, masalah deinstitusionalisasi terkait erat dengan pembiayaan bidang kesehatan. Perlu kajian lebih mendalam tentang dampak dan model yang sesuai untuk Indonesia melalui penelitian terapan, riset operasional khususnya di bidang kesehatan jiwa masyarakat. Desentralisasi akan berhasil meningkatkan pembangunan kesehatan jiwa apabila ada perkuatan dukungan lintas sektor khususnya legislatif.Kata kunci : Deinstitusionalisasi, desentralisasi, psikiaterAbstractDeinstitutionalization is an international mental health policy started in 1950 by developed countries. This policy has implemented in Indonesia, even though there were no evaluation related to the policy. The opinion is still limited by professional judgment. While the program has not finished, Indonesia had political reformation. Decentralization was a part of reformation program. Besides, there was lack of psychiatrist in Indonesia. The aim of this study is to assessproblems related to psychiatrist, deinstitutionalization and decentralization. Several policies and conditions in other country were informed. The conclusion of this study mentioned that there was lack of psychiatrist in Indonesia at present; the deinstitutionalization was influenced by national health financial. It needs further studies of effectiveness of community mental health programs through applied or operational research. Decentralization will succeed to improve mental health development if there is support from all sectors including the legislative. Key words : Deinstitutionalization, decentralization, psychiatrist
Perbandingan Dua Metode Estimasi Pajanan Pestisida di Tempat Kerja
Authors: Prihartono Nurhayati
Published: January 2020

Informasi yang valid tentang pajanan masa lalu mungkin sulit didapat dari wawancara individu. Peran ahli seperti higiene industri atau pertanian dalam mengestimasi pajanan pestisida dengan menggunakan jenis pekerjaan dapat meningkatkan validitas data pajanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan pajanan pestisida ditempat kerja yang ditentukan berdasarkan laporan individu dan ahli, serta mempelajari pola perbedaan tingkat pajanan dari keduametode tersebut. Laporan individu berasal dari studi kasus kontrol tentang anemia aplastik di Thailand. Estimasi ahli digunakan untuk menentukan tingkat pajanan terhadap 4 jenis pestisida pada setiap 476 jenis pekerjaan. Instrumen standar dibuat berdasarkan probabilitas pajanan, frekuensi, intensitas dan keyakinan diri dalam menentukan pajanan. Penelitian ini menemukan kesesuaian yang buruk tentang pajanan yang ditentukan oleh kedua metode. Petani padi merupakan kelompok pekerja terbesar yang dinyatakan terpajan ke empat pestisida oleh ahli, tetapi hampir semua petani padi tidak melaporkan keterpajanan tersebut. Ada perbedaan dalam melaporkan pajanan: kelompok kasus, pria, usia muda, dan pekerja yang mempunyai penghasilan tinggi cenderung melaporkan pajanan. Dengan ketidakyakinan estimasi pajanan dari kedua metode ini, maka gabungan pajanan yang berasal dari ahli dan laporan individu akan meningkatkan kegunaan kedua metode dan meningkatkan validitas pajanan.Kata kunci : Pestisida, pajanan, estimasiAbstractObtaining valid information on past exposures from personal interview may be difficult. The role of experts such as industrial hygienists or agronomists in estimating pesticide exposures could improve the validity of data. The aims of this study are to compare occupational pesticides exposures determined by self-reports and experts, and to examine the discrepancies patterns of exposure ratings obtained by two methods. Self-report exposure information was derived from a case-control study of aplastic anemia in Thailand. Expert judgments were used to assign levels of exposure toward 4 different pesticides among 476 job titles. A standardized instrument was developed based on exposure probability, frequency, intensity and confidence rating. There was a poorappropriateness on pesticide exposure ratings obtained by two methods. Expert cited that grain farmers were the most exposed group among job titles from four pesticides; however, almost grain farmers denied the exposures. There was a discrepancy in reporting the exposure; case groups, youth, male and higher incomes were more likely to report the exposures. Due to the uncertainty of exposure estimation from the two methods, combining estimation both of expert and self-report may enhance the utility of both methods and improve the validity of exposure estimation.Key words : Pesticides, exposure, estimation
Unique Infill Configuration To Unlock Additional Barrels in the Boscán Heavy-Oil Water-Injection Project
Authors: Kumar Raushan , Socorro Daniel , Pernalete Marta A. , Gonzalez Karin , Atalay Nilufer , Nava Rafael , Lolley Christopher , Kumar Mridul , Arbelaez Alejandro
Published: January 2020

Boscán is a giant multibillion-barrel heavy-oil (10.5 °API and asphaltic) field in Venezuela. Although a large part of the field is on primary production with a low recovery factor (<6%), water injection has been successfully implemented in portions of the field for more than 15 years, with improved recovery. High-mobility-ratio-waterflood (HMRWF) behavior and associated key production mechanisms obtained from detailed field-data analysis and dynamic modeling are presented. A novel and unique infill configuration is also proposed to further improve recovery in this environment with a high (or adverse) mobility ratio.

Water injection in such heavy oil was previously considered not effective by the industry because of adverse mobility ratio. However, water injection for pressure maintenance (WIPM) was successfully implemented using a new pattern configuration, a pseudo-1-3-1 inverted- spot pattern (an additional row of producers between conventional-pattern rows). Field-data and reservoir-simulation models show increased reservoir pressure up to the second row of producers from the injector. The pressure support is used to significantly improve recovery using the unique configuration at low water cut. WIPM has already resulted in significant reserves addition. Current production from water-injection areas is approximately 40,000 MBOPD (or approximately 47% of field production).

However, it is estimated that because of high oil viscosity, a significant amount of oil remains bypassed in the WIPM area. An infill opportunity was identified from an integrated reservoir-management study that included detailed WIPM data analysis and dynamic (mechanistic and full-field) modeling. A unique infill configuration is proposed that conceptually uses the current injectors with an additional row of producers between the existing first and second row of the producers. This configuration has the potential to economically unlock millions of barrels of bypassed oil and significantly increase recovery in this prolific heavy-oil field.

This study provides insights into HMRWF behavior, evaluating the relative effect of displacement vs. pressure. The unique and novel infill configuration can be used to improve recovery, a step vital to monetize this large resource in the low-price environment.
A Numerical Assessment of Carbon-Dioxide-Rich Two-Phase Flows with Dense Phases in Offshore Production Pipelines
Authors: Pasqualette Marcelo de A. , Carneiro João N. E. , Johansen Stein Tore , Løvfall Bjørn Tore , Fonseca Roberto , Ciambelli João R. P.
Published: January 2020

One-dimensional numerical simulations of carbon dioxide (CO2)-rich crude-oil flows were performed with a commercial simulator for a typical offshore production pipeline under steady-state scenarios. Mixtures with 20–50 mol% CO2 and gas/oil ratio (GOR) of 300–600 std m3/std m3 were thermodynamically modeled with the predictive Peng-Robinson (PPR78) equation of state (EOS) (Robinson and Peng 1978; Jaubert and Mutelet 2004), and fluid properties were tabulated in pressure/volume/temperature (PVT) lookup tables. Thorough analyses on the separate CO2 and GOR effects on several flow parameters (e.g., temperature drop, pressure gradient, and flow patterns) were performed. The occurrence of the simultaneous flow of liquid and an ambiguous dense phase was quantified and discussed in depth. The properties of those phases [e.g., Joule-Thomson coefficient, viscosity, interfacial tension (IFT), and gas/liquid-density ratio] along the pipeline for several mixtures and operational conditions were addressed as well. It was seen that the dense phase can be a problem for phase-identification criteria, which can affect the flow-simulation results. This was further analyzed in simple cases of horizontal and vertical flows of CO2-rich crude-oil mixtures, under key temperature/pressure conditions. Finally, comparisons were performed between the holdup and pressure-gradient results of those cases, obtained with different liquid/liquid- and gas/liquid-modeling approaches of a hydrodynamic point model of a commercial simulator.
Clinical characteristics and potential biomarkers for disease activity of patients with ANCA associated vasculitis: a monocenter study in China
Authors: Liu Yun , Ma Lili , Ji Zongfei , Chen Rongyi , Kong Xiufang , Sun Ying , Chen Huiyong , Ji Yuan , Hou Yingyong , Jiang Lindi
Published: January 2020

Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the clinical and serological features of patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) in eastern China using data from a hospital-based study. And looking for indicators that can predict disease activity. Methods: We retrospectively studied patients with newly diagnosed AAV evaluated from January 1, 2009, to December 31, 2018 . In total, 219 patients diagnosed were classified according to the American College of Rheumatology classification criteria and/or revised Chapel Hill 2012 definitions, and their clinical and serological features were evaluated. The association of laboratory data with disease activity was assessed via regression models. Results: Of 219 incident cases of AAV, 37/219 (16.9%) had granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), 172/219 (78.5%) were microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), and 10/219 (4.6%) had eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA). The mean age at diagnosis of patients with GPA were 51.5 years (male/female, 18/19), MPA were 61. 7 years (male/female, 84/88), and EGPA were 49.8 years ( male/female, 7/3), respectively. Patients with MPA were significantly older than GPA and EGPA at diagnosis ( p <0.001). ANCAs tested positive in 207 (94.5%) of cases: 167 (80.7%) were MPO-ANCA and 40 (19.3%) were PR3-ANCA. Lung, skin, nervous system symptoms were the most common in EGPA. For GPA, ear–nose–throat (ENT) symptoms and lungs involvement were the most common. Renal and lung involvement occurs most frequently in MPA. In the multivariable logistic regression analysis, higher anti-MPO antibody ( 149.4 IU/ml), higher hypersensitive c-reactive protein (hs-CRP, 62.5 mg/L), lower hemoglobin ( 113.5g/L), and higher complement 4 (C4, >0.215 g/L) were proved to be independent risk factors for active disease. Further research showed that C4 had higher sensitivity (70.0%) and specificity (83.4%) than the other three indicators. Conclusion: MPO-ANCA-positive MPA is the most common form of AAV in Chinese patients. Serum C4 concentrations at diagnosis might be a useful biomarker of disease activity in AAV.
iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) identified major host proteins involved in photosystems throughout the aging process
Authors: He Conglian , Sun Shubin , Tang Yun , He Chenggang , Li Pengfei , Xu Tianyang , Zhao Gaokun , Zou Congming , Lin Zhonglong , Chen Yi
Published: January 2020

Background Leaf senescence is one of the most common manifestations in plant senescence and has an important effect on photosynthesis. However, the molecular regulation of leaf senescence in response to photosynthesis is still poorly understood. To gain insight into the molecular mechanisms underpinning tobacco, we integrated photosynthesis, organelle ultrastructural, and proteomic analyses of tobacco leaves during senescence.Results The photosynthetic rate, intercellular CO 2 concentration, tomatal conductance, transpiration rate showed a downward trend and the stability of organelle decreased with the increasing of tobacco leaves age. iTRAQ and PRM verification were used to analyze the proteins expressed in different periods based on photosynthetic physiology and ultramicroscopic observation. A total of 321, 319, 223 diﬀerentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified from over maturity (OM) vs immature (IM), OM vs well maturity (WM) and WM vs IM, respectively, including 122/199, 124/195 and 125/98 up/down proteins, respectively. KEGG analysis of DEPs was significantly enriched in metabolic pathways, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, microbial metabolism in diverse environments, starch and sucrose metabolism. In addition, down-regulated proteins were also involved in metabolic pathways such as carbon sequestration of photosynthetic organisms and photosynthesis. Furthermore, PRM analysis indicated that iTRAQ is highly reliable.Conclusions Our study provided important technical references for screening photosynthetic host proteins of tobacco leaf senescence and revealing the molecular mechanism during the senescence of tobacco leaves.
Construction of health risk assessment index system for assessing the risk of chronic diseases based on the concept of massive health
Authors: Hao Ran , Zhang Meng , Zhao Nan , Zhang Peng , Zhao Rumeng , Hu Jie
Published: January 2020

Background : Massive health, a national strategy in China, calls for maintaining people’s health in an all-round way. This puts forward a new challenge for family doctors (FDs) to improve the ability of chronic diseases management. As the main service force in the community, FDs need to change the service concept and improve their management level of chronic diseases. In the background of massive health, we aimed to construct the health risk assessment index system (HRAIS), with the hope of helping FDs to carry out chronic disease management, especially to identify and monitor main chronic diseases and their risk factors in the community. Methods : Available health indexes, national health databases and chronic disease surveillance systems were reviewed to identify potential indexes and evaluation methods of the indexes. Delphi method was performed to establish the HRAIS, and the analytic hierarchy process was used to calculate the indexes weight. Results : The final HRAIS included 4 first-level indexes and 38 second-level indexes. We also determined the evaluation methods for the 38 indexes. The authority coefficient was 0.86. The Kendall’s W for the two rounds of Delphi consultation were 0.202 and 0.210, respectively ( p < 0.001). The weights of the first-level indexes from high to low were physiological health (0.4094), psychosocial health (0.2895), health-related behaviors (0.2047) and environment (0.0965). Conclusion : The HRAIS is a multi-dimension and multi-index tool, which can be used as a guideline for FDs in early screening, early intervention and classified management of main chronic diseases. Keywords : Chronic diseases, Health risk assessment, Index system, Family doctors, Massive health
Digital Health Literacy and Sport-Physical Activities: The Moderating Role of Age
Authors: Moric Ilija , Pekovic Sanja , Jovanovic Jelena
Published: January 2020

Background : The present study extends understanding of digital health literacy by exploring issues that clarify how and when sport-physical activities enhance digital health literacy measured by four types of health-related information searched on the Internet i.e., general health information, information on a specific injury or condition, specific information on a medical treatment or procedure and information regarding second opinion after visiting a doctor. Methods: We employ Tobit model on the large European data (N=5,318). Results: We find support for direct relation between sport-physical activities and digital health literacy. In addition, we find that the effect of sport-physical activities on digital health literacy is reversed when interacted with age. Conclusion: This evidence is consistent with the view that sport-physical activities can be considered as an important tool for digital health literacy improvement but only under certain socio-demographic characteristics.
The association between physical activity and hypertension among HIV positive and negative populations in rural South Africa.
Authors: Mayasi Benjamin Zebita , Nelson Gil , Klipstein-Grobusch Kerstin , Peter Asaga Mac
Published: January 2020

Background Hypertension is a public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa, with considerable under- diagnosis, poor management, and lack of community-wide preventive strategies. Hypertension is a common condition in South Africa and is a risk factor for heart attacks, stroke, left ventricular hypertrophy, renal disease, and blindness. In this research study, we identify and examine the trend of physical activity within South Africa's HIV-positive and negative rural communities. Methods This was a secondary analysis of cross sectional survey data from the Agincourt Health and Socio-Demography Surveillance System Site (AHDSS) that were collected over a period of 10 months, from August 2010 to May 2011. All 4436 individuals participating in the AHDSS survey were included. The inclusion criteria for the survey were from aged 15 years or older, and a permanent resident according to the 2009 census. The participants were interview (approximately 45 minutes) on chronic disease risk factor [applying] a questionnaire; anthropometric measurement were taken, blood pressure (BP); point-of care analysis of lipids and glucose; and dried blood spot collections for HIV and ELISA testing were conducted. ResultsThe research findings showed a significant/strong association between hypertension and HIV in both univariate and multivariate analysis. In many developed countries, the prevalence of hypertension among HIV-positive individuals varies between 8% and 39%. A study in Kenya reported a lower prevalence of 7.4%–11.2%, compared with 22.1%– 32.2% in study. ConclusionHypertension is common in HIV-infected adults and is likely because of a combination of known risk factors, levels of physical activities/sedentary way of life, HIV-specific factors, and ART. There is a need for broad, global cohort studies to improve our knowledge and understanding of the above named subject matter, interventional studies are needed to discover new approaches in hypertension and HIV-infected individuals in South Africa and sub-Saharan Africa to avoid and manage hypertension and hypertension-related cardiovascular diseases among HIV infected persons especially in this era of epidemiologic and demographic transition in LMICs.
Impact of lung compliance on neurological outcome in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
Authors: Kim June-Sung , Kim Youn-Jung , Kim Muyeol , Ryoo Seung Mok , Sohn Chang Hwan , Ahn Shin , Kim Won Young
Published: January 2020

Background Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) following cardiac arrest is common and associated with in-hospital mortality. We aimed to investigate whether lung compliance during targeted temperature management is associated with neurological outcome in patients with ARDS after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).Methods This observational study was conducted in the emergency intensive care unit from January 2011 to April 2019 using data from a prospective patient registry. Adult patients (age ≥18 years) who survived non-traumatic OHCA and subsequently developed ARDS based on the Berlin definition were included. Mechanical ventilator parameters such as peak inspiratory pressure, tidal volume, minute ventilation, positive end expiratory pressure, and compliance were recorded for 7 days or until death, and categorized as maximum, median, and minimum. The primary outcome was favorable neurological outcome defined as Cerebral Performance Category score 1 or 2 at hospital discharge.Results Of 246 OHCA survivors, 119 (48.4%) patients developed ARDS. A favorable neurologic outcome was observed in 23 (19.3%). Patients with favorable outcome had significantly higher lung compliance (38.6 cm H 2 O vs 27.5 cm H 2 O), lower inspiratory pressure (12.0 cm H 2 O vs 16.0 cm H 2 O), and lower peak inspiratory pressure (17.0 cm H 2 O vs 21.0 cm H 2 O) than those with poor neurologic outcome (all P <0.01). In time-dependent cox regression models, all maximum (hazard ratio [HR] 1.05, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03-1.08), minimum (HR 1.08, 95% CI 1.04 – 1.12), and median (HR 1.06, 95% CI 1.03-1.10) compliances were independently associated with good neurologic outcome. Median compliance > 31.4 mL/cm H 2 O at day 1 had the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (0.732) with positive predictive value of 90%.Conclusion Lung compliance may be an early predictor of neurologic intact survival in patients with ARDS following cardiac arrest.
Impact of co-morbidities on the mortality of patients with status epilepticus and the utility of RCBI score in evaluating the mortality of status epilepticus
Authors: Zhang Yu , Chen Deng , Zhu Li-na , liu ling
Published: January 2020

Background: To investigate the influential factors of complications on prognosis of patients with status epilepticus, modify the Complication Burden Index （CBI）into the Rankin CBI（RCBI）, and analyze its practicability in status epilepticus in western China. Method: A total of 396 patients with status epilepticus were studied from December 2016 to January 2019 in West China Hospital. The clinical data were collected, including demographic characteristics, status epilepticus characteristics. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0 and MedCalc ROC，and logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of hospitalization death and poor prognosis (GOS scale is 1-3). Results: Of the 396 patients with status epilepticus included in the study, 43 (10.9%) died in hospital and 114 (28.8%) had poor prognosis. Using ROC curve analysis, when RCBI > 3, the area under the ROC curve of hospitalization death was 0.914 , p < 0.0001; When RCBI > 3, the area under ROC curve for poor prognosis was 0.882, p < 0.0001. There were 327 people with convulsive status epilepticus, including 41 deaths. When RCBI>3, the area under the hospital mortality curve was 0.915 (p<0.0001). A total of 100 patients had a poor prognosis. When RCBI>3, the area under the poor prognosis curve was 0.867 (p<0.0001). Conclusions: The hospital mortality rate of patients with status epilepticus is 10.9%. RCBI >3 points had a certain significance for predicting hospitalization death and poor prognosis of status epilepticus. There were no significant differences in RCBI scales for convulsive status epilepticus and non-convulsive status epilepticus.
Pollinator-attracting Companion Plantings Increase Crop Yield of Cucumbers and Habanero Peppers
Authors: Montoya John E. , Arnold Michael A. , Rangel Juliana , Stein Larry R. , Palma Marco A.
Published: January 2020

Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) and habanero pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) growers have observed increased crop yield by placing bees in close proximity to these vegetable crops. However, adding managed bees typically may not be feasible for small-scale farmers or homeowners. Limited studies have demonstrated the potential of pollinator-attracting plants to be used as a lure to enhance the visitation of pollinators to adjacent food crops. This study evaluated the potential of adding pollinator-attracting plants in close proximity to cucumber and habanero plants to improve yields by either establishing permanent perennial companion plantings adjacent to the crops or interplanting annual companion plants within the row anew with each crop. The perennial treatment group consisted of Phyla nodiflora (L.) Greene, Borrichia frutescens (L.) DC., Salvia farinacea Benth. ‘Henry Duelberg’, and Eysenhardtia texana Scheele. The annual treatment group consisted of Cosmos bipinnatus Cav., Zinnia ×marylandica D.M. Spooner, Stimart, & T. Boyle, Borago officinalis L., and Ocimum basilicum L. Multiple cropping cycles were initiated using both spring and fall seasons, and yield was assessed for three successive cropping cycles. Fruit quality was unaffected by pollinator-attracting companion plantings; however total and marketable yields were impacted. Cucumber yields were significantly (P < 0.05) greater during fall harvests with annual companion plantings and with the second fall harvest in perennial companion plant plots. Perennial companion plots initially yielded less than control plots or annual companion plots due to the space allocated to the companion plantings and the fewer pollinators initially attracted to the plots compared with the annual companion plantings. When the perennial plots became more established, they resulted in similar yields as the annual companion planting plots. Although habanero yields were increased by annual companion plantings in spring and fall, cucumbers were unaffected by companion plantings in spring. This suggests a potential seasonality for the efficacy of some pollinator-attracting companion plantings for a given crop that could offer an opportunity to tailor companion plantings to attract specific pollinators at different times of the year.
Cucurbitaceae Germplasm Resistance to Verticillium Wilt and Grafting Compatibility with Watermelon
Authors: Attavar Abigail , Tymon Lydia , Perkins-Veazie Penelope , Miles Carol A.
Published: January 2020

Grafting is used in watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum and Nakai] production as a means to combat soilborne diseases. To support the development of new rootstock cultivars in the United States, we screened cucurbit germplasm accessions for resistance to verticillium wilt (caused by Verticillium dahliae Kleb.) and for compatibility as watermelon rootstocks. Screening was done using a field naturally infested with V. dahliae [5 and 7.5 colony-forming units (cfu)·g−1 soil in 2017 and 2018, respectively], and plants were inoculated at transplanting (1.5 and 104 cfu of V. dahliae per plant in 2017 and 2018, respectively). In 2017, 56 germplasm accessions from three genera commonly used as rootstocks, Cucurbita, Lagenaria, and Benincasa, were sourced from the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) National Plant Germplasm System and area under the verticillium wilt (disease) progress curve (AUDPC) values ranged from 16 to 397. The 14 accessions with the lowest AUDPC values and good germination (>40%) were used as rootstocks along with the commercial rootstock cv. Tetsukabuto (control), and all were grafted with watermelon cv. Secretariat as the scion in 2018. Grafted plant survival rate was greatest for ‘Tetsukabuto’ (90%) and the accession PI 381840 (L. siceraria) (89%), and ranged from 22% to 85% for all other accessions. All grafted treatments that produced mature fruit in 2018 tended to flower at the same time as nongrafted ‘Secretariat’, with first male and female flowers occurring in 45 to 50 days and 44 to 51 days after transplanting, respectively. There were no significant differences in AUDPC values due to grafting or when accessions were compared with ‘Tetsukabuto’. Only six accessions produced mature fruit when grafted with ‘Secretariat’, indicating they were compatible for watermelon grafting. Fruit weight and number as well as total soluble solids, pH, lycopene content, rind firmness and thickness, and dry matter content were similar for all accessions and ‘Tetsukabuto’ grafted on ‘Secretariat’. Only fruit flesh firmness differed and was highest for ‘Secretariat’ grafted on ‘PI 491316’ and lowest for ‘Secretariat’ grafted on ‘PI 49174’. The six verticillium wilt-tolerant accessions that were compatible with watermelon could potentially be used as rootstocks or as sources of genetic resistance in rootstock breeding programs.
Writing from Home: Clarice Lispector’s Chronicles in the Jornal do Brasil
Authors: Darrigandi Navarro Claudia
Published: January 2020

This article focuses on Clarice Lispector’s chronicles published in the Jornal do Brasil from 1967-1973. These chronicles become a public space for exposing the act of thinking, which is strongly linked to emotions, instead of depicting a daily overview of events for the newspaper’s readers. Drawing from Bruno Latour’s notions of “translation” and “purification,” I argue that there is a “translation” process in Lispector’s chronicles that goes against “purification practices.” To this effect, I focus on how Lispector displays both her thinking process and her emotions, and on the role of things and people in her writing. Lispector delves into life from her home, an environment that becomes an “epistemological space,” as defined by Stacy Alaimo.
A especularidade na produção jornalística de Clarice Lispector
Authors: Alonso Mariângela
Published: January 2020

This article aims to understand the narrative technique of mise-enabyme in Clarice Lispector’s short story “A quinta história” (published in A legião estrangeira (1964)). Here Lispector quickly builds variations on the same argument, a sort of unfolding of stories that succeed each other, originating in the same idea: how to kill cockroaches. Based on the studies of Lucien Dällenbach and Verónique Labeille among others, the article confronts the versions of A quinta história in the periodicals Casa e Jardim and Senhor, focusing on mise-enabyme as the seminal and questioning force of Lispector’s work.
Livros e filhos: políticas de gênero e imaginação sociocultural da infância nas colunas de Clarice Lispector
Authors: Josiowicz Alejandra
Published: January 2020

This article studies the way in which the women’s pages Clarice Lispector wrote between 1959 and 1961 for Correio da Manhã, under the pen name of Helen Palmer, and as ghost writer for fashion model Ilka Soares for Diário da Noite, reveal a transformation in the sociocultural imagination of childhood. In these columns, published in newspapers of wide circulation, Lispector’s interest in child psychology, as well as her ideas about motherhood and child-rearing, become quite apparent. The women’s pages crafted by Lispector unveil a social and historical paradigm shift in parental roles in line with the wider process of modernization, new consumption practices, and novel ideas about subjectivity that emerge during the 1960s in Brazil.
Clarice Lispector’s Interviews with Brazilian Jewish Cultural Figures
Authors: Katsnelson Anna
Published: January 2020

In her public life, Clarice Lispector fought to be recognized as a native Brazilian; however, in her private life, she tended to associate with people with origins like hers. Many of her interviews are with artists who were either children of immigrants or emigrants from Eastern Europe. Scholars have probed Clarice’s fiction and the interviews she gave for a view of her approach to Jewish identity, but the interviews she conducted have not yet been examined. This article discusses Clarice’s dalliance with identity politics when interviewing notable members of the cultural Brazilian Jewish community, analyzes the questions she asked, and examines how she guided the conversation.
Confissões de uma entrevistadora
Authors: Zilberman Regina
Published: January 2020

In the interviews published by the weekly magazines Manchete and Fatos e Fotos in the mid-1960s, Clarice Lispector had the opportunity to converse with numerous people from the spheres of culture, entertainment and sports. This opportunity allowed her to produce a mapping of celebrities during that period. Lispector’s conversations with famous writers, longtime friends, politicians or persons of high society enable her to develop a poetics of the interview and to express her own concept of literature, artistic creation, and reception.
Dunn, Christopher. Contracultura: Alternative Arts and Social Transformation in Authoritarian Brazil. The U of North Carolina P, 2016
Authors: Brasileiro Marcus
Published: January 2020

Contracultura: Alternative Arts and Social Transformation in Authoritarian Brazil (2016), de Christopher Dunn, analisa o papel da juventude brasileira e suas estratégias político-culturais em resposta ao regime militar que se estabeleceu no Brasil entre os anos de 1964 e 1985.
Green, James N., Victoria Langland, and Lilia Moritz Schwarz, editors. The Brazil Reader: History, Culture, Politics. Duke UP, 2019
Authors: Enslen Joshua
Published: January 2020

The editors have produced a significantly revised compendium that introduces Brazil and its major themes and events through primary source documents in translation. The new edition boasts welcome advancements, especially in its heavily revamped selections for reading, its expanded expert commentary, and its updated organization.
PROBIOTIC STRAINS OF LACTOBACILLI AS IMMUNOMODULATORS: FOCUS ON LACTOBACILLUS RHAMNOSUS GG
Authors: KALYUZHIN O. V.
Published: January 2020

Probiotics have long been considered not only as a way of correcting intestinal dysbiosis but also as a promising immunomodulatory solution. Over the past years, the evidence base for their effectiveness in the prevention and treatment of immuneassociated human diseases has substantially increased, the previously described mechanisms were specified and new components of the immunocorrective effect of probiotic bacteria, including those belonging to the genus Lactobacillus, have been deciphered. The meta-analytical findings and systematic reviews leave no doubt about the advisability of using certain probiotics, primarily Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG), in children for the treatment and prevention of various forms of acute diarrhea, including those associated with the administration of antibacterial agents, as well as for the prevention of respiratory infections. The results of testing the strain to be used as an adjuvant vaccine and a way of preventing atopic dermatitis are encouraging. The review analyzes the specific characteristics of present-day children who are more susceptible to allergic and infectious diseases, effector molecules of lactobacilli and signaling pathways that ensure their immunomodulatory effect, the main areas of therapeutic and preventive application and safety of probiotics, with a focus on LGG as one of the most studied and tested strains. In addition, the clinical efficacy of the synbiotic Normobakt L, a combination of LGG (4 × 109) plus fructooligosaccharides (800 mg),which has been approved in Russia for use in children with rotavirus infection against a background of atopic dermatitis, is demonstrated
RESULTS OF THE 15-YEAR STUDY OF METAPNEUMOVIRAL INFECTION. A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: KANNER E. V. , KRUTIKHINA S. B. , GORELOV A. V.
Published: January 2020

The literature review presents information about a new respiratory pathogen that was discovered in the beginning of the XXI century, the metapneumovirus, epidemiological and clinical features of diseases caused by them and data on the pathogenesis and diagnosis of this disease are provided. Attention is drawn to the frequent combined course of metapneumoviruses infection with other respiratory infections
CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC ASPECTS OF PREDICTION OF BRONCHIAL ASTHMA IN EARLY CHILDHOOD
Authors: PAVLENKO V. A. , MELNIKOVA I. M. , MIZERNITSKY Y. L.
Published: January 2020

Diagnosis of bronchial asthma (BA) for babies in the first years of life is of particular interest in the practice of paediatric pulmonologist, as there is currently no reliable diagnostics, including functional criteria, to verify the disease at this age. The purpose of the study was to find additional clinical and functional criteria to forecast the formation of BA in early childhood.The study found that children who had undergone acute obstructive bronchitis (AOB) against the background of the perinatal CNS involvement (PCNSI), and consequently having pathoreceptor disorders and variability of the heart rate, had a longer and heavier period of AOB. It has been shown that the presence of PCNSI is an unfavourable factor in the prediction of repeatepisodes of AOB and development of BA. As a result of the follow-up study and the ROC analysis, additional criteria for the projection of BA in early childhood were identified, taking into account the functional state of the respiratory and vegetative nervous system. The additional criteria developed for the projection of BA in young children, together with the clinical and disease history data can contribute to early diagnosis of the BA, which has an important clinical significance for the timely delivery of curative and preventive measures
La crisis y recuperación económica en los estados de la frontera norte. Un análisis de los ciclos económicos
Authors: Díaz González Eliseo , Mendoza Sánchez Mario Alberto
Published: January 2020

Este trabajo analiza la perspectiva de recuperación económica y el comovimiento de la economía regional y nacional con un enfoque de ciclos económicos en 1997–2010. Se estiman la descomposición de tendencia y ciclo de crecimiento en cada entidad con el filtro Hodrick–Prescott y un modelo autorregresivo, utilizando datos de empleo. Las evidencias revelan que Nuevo León tiene capacidad para regresar a su tendencia de crecimiento, pero Baja California y Chihuahua tienen menor posibilidad. Finalmente, la dinámica de corto plazo de estas economías muestra que el grado de sincronización con la economía nacional parece jugar a favor de la recuperación del crecimiento.
Grupos domésticos y migración masculina. Estudio de caso en Godoy, municipio de Salamanca, Guanajuato
Authors: Flores López Azucena Isabel , Pérez Magaña Andrés , Martínez Corona Beatriz , Soriano Fonseca Jesús
Published: January 2020

El artículo que aquí se presenta centra su análisis en las temáticas de la migración masculina y los grupos domésticos rurales. El objetivo es identificar de qué manera la migración masculina afecta la dinámica cotidiana de los grupos domésticos de una comunidad rural del municipio de Salamanca, Guanajuato. Se pone énfasis especial en las repercusiones que trae consigo la migración para las madres y esposas de los migrantes. Para obtener la información de campo se utilizaron las siguientes herramientas: la encuesta y la entrevista semiestructurada. Entre los principales resultados se encontró que la migración obliga a los grupos domésticos a redistribuir sus actividades, siendo las esposas de los migrantes las que principalmente aumentan su carga de trabajo y responsabilidades, lo cual no sucede con las madres.
Evaluation of Antalya/Konyaaltı Coastline in Terms of User Satisfaction
Authors: Yılmaz Tahsin , Olgun Rifat , Gül Serhat
Published: January 2020

In the historical process, coastal areas have an important place for societies. Throughout history, coasts have been the places where societies used as settlements, where civilizations emerged, economic activities took place and social and cultural interactions took place intensively. The coastal areas, which still have an important place today, allow a large number of social, cultural and economic activities. One of these activities is the recreational opportunities offered by the coastal areas. Konyaalti coast, west of the city center of Antalya and located in Konyaaltı district boundaries, one of Turkey's most important tourism and recreation area. Konyaaltı Coastal Architectural and Coastline Arrangement Idea Project Competition was held in 2014 for Konyaaltı coastline. With the implementation of the project selected as a result of the competition, Konyaaltı coastline has become a center of attraction offering different recreational opportunities. The aim of the study is to measure the satisfaction level of the users from Konyaaltı coastline. In this context, a questionnaire form was applied to 200 users selected on a voluntary basis in the research field by using simple random sampling method at different days and times of the week. As a result of the evaluation of the data obtained from the survey, it was determined that the satisfaction of the users increased after the implementation of the Konyaaltı coastline project, that they were satisfied with the bicycle and walking paths along the Konyaaltı coastline and that the Konyaaltı coastline could be used at any time of the day. Furthermore, many of the users stated that some of the urban equipments (benches, lighting fixtures, and waste bins) on the Konyaaltı coastline are not well maintained and that the shower, changing cabinets and toilets on the coast are not sufficient.
Kaempferol Improves TRAIL-Mediated Apoptosis in Leukemia MOLT-4 Cells by the Inhibition of Anti-apoptotic Proteins and Promotion of Death Receptors Expression
Authors: Hassanzadeh Ali , Naimi Adel , Hagh Majid F. , Saraei Raedeh , Marofi Faroogh , Solali Saeed
Published: January 2020

Introduction:

Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL or Apo2L) is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily, which stimulates apoptosis in a wide range of cancer cells via binding to death receptors 4 and 5 (DR4/5). Nevertheless, TRAIL has noticeable anti-cancer abilities; some cancer cells acquire resistance to TRAIL, and consequently its potential for inducing apoptosis in target cells is strongly diminished. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia MOLT-4 cell line is one of the most resistant cells to TRAIL that developed resistance to TRAIL via different pathways. We used TRAIL plus kaempferol to eliminate resistance of the MOLT-4 cells to TRAIL.

Material and Methods:

First, IC50 for kaempferol (95 µM) was determined by using the MTT assay. Second, the viability of the MOLT-4 cells was assayed by FACS after Annexin V/PI staining, following treatment with TRAIL (50 and 100 nM) and kaempferol (95 µM) alone and together. Finally, the expression levels of the candidate genes involved in resistance to TRAIL were assayed by real-time PCR technique.

Results:

Kaempferol plus TRAIL induced apoptosis robustly in MOLT-4 cells at 12, 24 and 48 hours after treatment. Additionally, we found that kaempferol could inhibit expression of the c-FLIP, X-IAP, cIAP1/2, FGF-8 and VEGF-beta, and conversely augment expression of the DR4/5 in MOLT-4 cells.

Conclusion:

We suggest that co-treatment of MOLT-4 cells with TRAIL plus kaempferol is a practical and attractive approach to eliminate cancers’ resistance to TRAIL via inhibition of the intracellular anti-apoptotic proteins, upregulation of DR4/5 and also by suppression of the VEGF-beta (VEGFB) and FGF-8 expressions.
Application of Optimization Technique to Develop Nano-Based Carrier of Nigella Sativa Essential Oil: Characterization and Assessment
Authors: Dawaba Aya M. , Dawaba Hamdy M.
Published: January 2020

Background:

Chitosan, a naturally occurring polymer, has interesting applications in the
field of drug delivery due to its plentiful advantages as biodegradability, biocompatibility and nontoxic
nature. Nigella sativa essential oil is unstable, volatile, and insoluble in water and these problems confine
its usage in developing new medicines.

Objective:

This study focuses on developing a chitosan-based nanocarrier for the encapsulation of
Nigella Sativa essential oil. By using Quality by design outline, the quality target product outline, critical
quality attributes and critical material attributes were defined by knowledge and risk-based procedures.

Method:

According to defined critical material attributes, Optimization software (Statgraphics XVII)
was used to study the effect of the processing parameters. The processing parameters identified and
fixed first with a “One factor at a time” approach. Various physicochemical characterization techniques
were performed.

Results:

As a result, the ratio of chitosan to benzoic acid (2:1) along with the stirring rate (4000 rpm)
produced minimum-sized particles (341 nm) with good stability. The anti-bacterial activity study using
Staph. Aureus strain proved that the optimized nanoparticles were more efficacious than the pure oil
based on the diameter of inhibition zone obtained (diameter =5.5 cm for optimized formula vs diameter
= 3.6 cm for pure oil). Furthermore, MTT (methyl thiazolyl-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide) assay was
performed to compare the in vitro cytotoxicity using two different cell lines (i.e. HCT 116 for colorectal
carcinoma and PC3 for prostatic cancer). It was found that in both cell lines, the optimized nanoparticles
had noteworthy antiproliferative properties illustrated by determining the concentration at which
50% of growth is inhibited (IC50). The optimized nanoparticles showed lower IC50 (17.95 ±0.82 and
4.02 ±0.12μg/ml) than the bare oil IC50 (43.56 ±1.95 and 29.72 ±1.41μg/ml).
Assessment of Contractors’ Claims on Construction Projects in Vietnam
Authors: Hai Dinh Tuan
Published: January 2020

Background:

Claims have increasingly become inevitable in construction projects. A great amount of money, time, and merit of claims are the most critical factors that prudent companies should not overlook.

Objective:

The objective of the study is to survey claim practices in the Vietnamese construction industry by collecting data from both contractors and consultants.

Material and Methods:

This paper presents findings that the lack of awareness of the on-site people is the major problem of claims management. Moreover, the inadequacy of supporting evidence, originating from the unawareness of personnel as well as improper documentation system, is also a serious problem causing the loss of chances to recover incurred damages.

Conclusion:

To overcome these problems, it is recommended that the management should pay more attention to these aspects in order to have effective claim management, by which unnecessary losses could substantially be reduced and deserving compensation would be recovered.