bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mechanism of Liraglutide Regulating the Expression of PI3K/AKT/NF-KB Pathway-related Proteins on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Sang Yao
Published: January 2025

Background and Objective: GLP-1RAs can effectively prevent hepatic steatosis. It was to investigate the mechanism by which the GLP-1RA Liraglutide ameliorates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its impact on PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway. Materials and Methods: eight-week-old, clean-grade male C57BL/6J mice were assigned to Normal group (NG, fed standard chow), NAFLD group (high-calorie, high-cholesterol), and Liraglutide group (LG, high-calorie, high-cholesterol for 12 weeks + Liraglutide treatment at 1 mg/kg). Serum samples were collected from the mice to assess changes in glucose and lipid metabolism and liver function (LF) indicators. Histopathological changes in liver tissues (LTs) were visualized. Real-time quantitative PCR measured expression levels (ELs) of inflammatory genes in LTs. Western blotting was conducted to detect EL of proteins related to PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway in LTs. Results: NAFLD group exhibited markedly elevated levels of blood glucose (BG), blood lipids, and LF indicators relative to NG. Histopathological examination revealed increased scores for steatosis, lobular inflammation, and hepatocellular ballooning. The ELs of inflammatory genes IL-1β, TNF-α, and NF-κB p65 in LTs, were greatly elevated (P<0.05). In contrast, relative to NAFLD group, LG showed notably reduced levels of BG, blood lipids, and LF indicators, along with decreased histopathological scores. Furthermore, the ELs of inflammatory genes and protein ELs of p-PI3K, p-AKT, and p-NF-κBp65 in LTs were drastically lowered (P<0.05). Conclusion: Liraglutide ameliorates glucose and lipid metabolism disorders and suppresses inflammatory responses in liver by inhibiting PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling, thereby improving NAFLD in mice.
Antibody Drugs in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Zhou Jinghan
Published: January 2025

Alzheimer's disease is one of the important causes of Alzheimer's disease. The prevalence rate has been increasing in recent years, which is a hot issue for the medical community. In view of the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease is still not exactly diagnosed, the research and development of related drugs is not particularly ideal. Existing drugs mostly stay in symptomatic treatment. However, in recent years, the medical community has gradually turned to causative treatment. Among them, disease-modifying therapy (DMT) is the most frequently studied drug at present, accounting for 82.5% of the total drugs under consideration. Among the DMT-class drugs, 16 (equivalent to 15.4%) are specifically designed as anti-amyloid beta (Aβ) monoclonal antibodies (Mabs), while 11 (accounting for 10.6%) target tau proteins with monoclonal antibody technology.  Through reviewing past literature and comparing data, this paper takes Aducanumab, Lecanemab, and CCTM2 as examples to explore the therapeutic principles and make a summary.
A Review of KRAS Inhibitors and Potential Improvement in The Future
Authors: Jiang Ziyan
Published: January 2025

Kirsten rat sarcoma viral (KRAS) oncogene is one of the most common mutant genes in tumors, especially in non-small cell lung cancer, colorectal cancer, and pancreatic cancer. In recent years, great success was achieved in targeting KRAS for the treatment of tumors. So far, two drugs, sotorasib and adagrasib, have gotten through the accelerated approval by the FDA. Even so, current treatments are still far from satisfaction due to the inevitable acquired drug resistance and the diversity of mutant isoforms. Various approaches are being investigated to address these issues, including the combination of multiple medications and the development of drugs with more targets. Overall, targeting KRAS is a promising and effective strategy for the treatment of cancer. For this reason, the article aims at introducing several representative KRAS-targeting drugs and exhibiting the latest research progress. Discussions about the acquired resistance and the potential solutions are also included, hoping to provide inspiration for the development and improvement of new drugs.
Gene Therapy and Its Application in Breast Cancer Treatment
Authors: Sheng Sifei
Published: January 2025

As a new medical field, gene therapy has shown great potential in cancer treatment. This article reviews the principle, mechanism and application of gene therapy in the treatment of breast cancer, and discusses the prospect and challenge of its future development. Mutation, as the common cause of cancer, is the target of gene therapy. By replacing disease-causing genes, suppressing malfunctioning genes, or introducing new genes, a variety of mutation caused disease could be treated... In particular, this paper presents genome editing technologies such as CRISPR-Cas9, which correct genetic differences by precisely modifying existing DNA within cells. Finally, this paper discusses the future development of gene therapy, including its application in multiple cancer models, and the safety challenges faced. Despite some serious problems, such as immune responses and non-specific targeting, the potential of gene therapy is still huge. As technology continues to advance, we expect gene therapy to revolutionize cancer treatment.
Research Progress of AΒ Targeted Therapy in Clinical Application of Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: He Shen
Published: January 2025

Alzheimer'sdisease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that poses a major health challenge to the aging global population. It is characterized by a progressive loss of cognitive functions, including memory, thinking, and behavioral abilities. Current literature shows that there is a critical gap in effective treatment options, as there are no widely accepted treatments that modify disease progression. This gap becomes increasingly important as the prevalence of AD increases. This article analyzes the application of Aβ-targeted therapy in AD, focuses on evaluating the impact of Lecanemab on cognitive function, and comprehensively evaluates the efficacy and safety of the treatment strategy. Study results show that Lecanemab can significantly reduce Aβ plaque burden and improve cognitive function in early-stage AD patients. The significance of this study is to provide a new direction for future AD treatment, and also points out safety issues that still need to be solved in current clinical practice. Future research can focus on improving the biological specificity of monoclonal antibodies and improving the safety of drugs to promote the development of AD treatment.
Pathology and pharmacology of lung cancer, stomach cancer and colorectal cancer
Authors: Hu Zihan
Published: January 2025

Cancer, a term that strikes fear and concern in the hearts of millions around the globe, stands as one of the most formidable diseases of our time. It has been responsible for an alarming escalation in the number of fatalities annually, casting a dark shadow over the world’s health statistics. The insidious nature of cancer is further highlighted by the fact that it is no longer confined to the elderly, and it is increasingly affecting younger individuals, defying traditional age-related patterns. However, there is still no cure for cancer, so the development of cancer drugs is particularly important. When looking to the future, the relentless march of technological advancement offers a beacon of hope. With each breakthrough in fields such as genomics, immunotherapy, and nanotechnology, the possibility of defeating cancer is getting closer and closer. This research will cover the history of cancer, introduce three different types of cancer, their pathology and pharmacology.
Electrochemical Biosensors and Their Applications in Detection of Infectious Disease
Authors: Chen Yilin
Published: January 2025

The emergence of the new viruses, bacteria and parasites leads to the widespread infection of the disease. This requires an efficient testing instrument with high sensitivity, high selectivity and rapid speed of detection. The electrochemical method is introduced to the clinical test of a wide range of disease nowadays. Compared with the traditional method of disease detection, the electrochemical biosensor has a relatively better performance in diagnosing disease. Therefore, this work focuses on the application of electrochemical biosensors in disease diagnosis. The basic structure and the mechanism of the electrochemical biosensor is similar to the primary battery. The current can be circulated through a series of electrochemical redox reactions, and it can be generated mainly in three ways in enzymatic electrochemical biosensor. The electrode materials are mainly made by inert metals and carbon-based material. When using electrochemical biosensor to detect various infectious disease, different bioreceptors are needed to be used. They are mainly antibodies and nucleic acid probes. The nucleic acid probes can be used in all virus-caused, bacteria-caused and parasites caused disease, while the antibodies can only be used in viral disease detection. The disease-detecting electrochemical biosensor has a good prospect in the future.
Leiden Clustering Based on Single-cell Sequencing Data of Human Bone Marrow
Authors: Li Jianzhang , Zhao Zixuan
Published: January 2025

As single-cell sequencing technology has gradually become a popular method for obtaining effective data in biology, the experimental steps corresponding to different experimental goals are also very different, which often causes researchers to make mistakes in choosing data processing methods. In response to this situation, this paper selects a part of the NeurIPS 2021 benchmark dataset of openproblem because the data processing difficulty is moderate, the data noise is low, and the dataset is bone marrow mononuclear cell data of healthy human donors, which is representative in cell processing, and conducts an in-depth compilation and analysis of the dataset, summarizing a set of more universal single-cell sequencing experimental steps. This paper first filters cells and genes by setting different thresholds of corresponding indicators to achieve the purpose of data preprocessing; in terms of data dimensionality reduction, this paper uses principal component analysis (PCA) to reduce the dimensionality of the data and mark more than 2,000 highly variable genes. Then clustering the cells, and this paper divides the cell clusters into 27 categories through the Leiden clustering method. Meanwhile, this paper also identifies and analyzes the marker genes based on the cell clusters obtained by clustering. Through the research of this article, it is found that compared with traditional sequencing methods (such as K-means, hierarchical clustering, Louvain clustering, etc.), Leiden clustering is the most locally distributed for all subsets of all communities. Salient features, and considering that Louvain clustering’s lack of community connectivity is difficult to solve, make Leiden clustering more superior to Louvain clustering in processing single-cell data. At the same time, the research of this paper not only innovates in the method of single-cell sequencing, but also achieves a driving significance in the derivation of its biological functions.
The Role of Epidemic Tumor Vaccine in Cold Tumors to Hot Tumors
Authors: Chen Yanxi
Published: January 2025

Compared with hot tumors, cold tumors are a more difficult problem at present. Because cold tumors lack in congenital immunity, it is difficult for ordinary immune examination inhibitors to work. Therefore, how to "ignite" cold tumors as hot tumors is the focus of the current research. At present, scholars have proposed different and corresponding methods for various causes of T cell immunodeficiency. Among them, tumor vaccines stand out from the principle of activating the immune response of T cells and NK cells, and is currently generally recognized as a new therapy and research hotspot with strong anti-cancer activity. By classifying the target sites of tumor vaccines, they can be divided into tumor-related antigen (TAAs) vaccines and new antigen (TSAs) vaccines. Both vaccines have shown significant effects in activating T cells and NK cells. In terms of the current development status of the two vaccines, more and more research teams have invested in the research of TSAs vaccines, and many teams still insist on the research of TAAs vaccines. Although these two vaccines have their own difficulties to overcome, they still have made great contributions to the development of tumor treatment research, and both have advantages and broad prospects that cannot be reached by other methods. It is believed that no more effective tumor vaccines have been put into clinical trials.
Genetic Insights and Predictive Models in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Zhu Shuting
Published: January 2025

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a significant genetic component, making the identification of genetic risk factors critical for predicting disease onset and progression. This review explores the genetic characteristics associated with AD, focusing on key genes such as APOE, APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2, and their roles in amyloid deposition, tau tangles, and overall disease pathology. By utilizing genetic databases like the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI), AlzGene, and the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center (NACC), researchers can integrate genetic findings with neuroimaging techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) to better understand the interplay between genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors in AD development. In addition, advanced machine learning models, including support vector machines (SVM), random forest (RF), convolutional neural networks (CNN), autoencoders (AE), and deep learning algorithms, combined with Polygenic Risk Scores (PRS), are increasingly used to integrate genetic, imaging, and clinical data for more precise AD risk prediction. While these advancements offer promising pathways for early diagnosis and intervention, significant challenges remain. These include difficulties in data integration across diverse sources, the development of robust and personalized predictive models, and addressing ethical concerns related to the use of genetic data. Future research will need to focus on overcoming these challenges to create more effective personalized prediction models that incorporate genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Such developments hold the potential to revolutionize early detection, diagnosis, and treatment strategies for AD.
Applications of Semaglutide for Various Diseases
Authors: Pan Jiayun
Published: January 2025

Semaglutide is a gluten-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) agonist which is responsible for improving blood sugar control and losing weight. It is clinically approved by the FDA for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and is designed in subcutaneous or oral dosage form. Some other diseases share common conditions with obesity and diabetes such as a high blood sugar level and insulin resistance. These factors along with some neuron issues are responsible for neurodegenerative diseases. Obesity and diabetes are two common worldwide health issues. A number of trials have been conducted to estimate the prevalence and drug effects. Scientists also study related diseases such as Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease to verify the usefulness of treatments. Semaglutide is one of the drugs being measured whether has a potential effect on these diseases. Some pre-clinical studies have indicated its therapeutic potential in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and neurodegenerative disorders. Semaglutide has proved to be effective in treating lots of disorders, especially diabetes and obesity. However, for other diseases, it still remains uncertain even if there are some studies already tested the effectiveness. Much more detailed and considerate studies should be conducted to verify the impact. Semaglutide, the GLP-1 receptor agonist, has shown a positive impact in treating different diseases. Researchers have tested hepatoprotective and neuroprotective activity in animal and human trials to get more reliable data. It turns out that semaglutide improves insulin resistance and reduces blood sugar levels. It also protects dopaminergic neurons and reduces aggregated α-synuclein which improves Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease conditions.
Clinical application status and development of TNBC (BC) monoclonal antibody
Authors: Ding Zian
Published: January 2025

A particular subtype of breast cancer known as triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is distinguished by the lack of ER, PR, and HER2 expression, culminating in HER2-targeted therapy with a poor prognosis and inadequate conventional hormone therapy. With the growing comprehension of the biological traits of TNBC in recent years, treatment strategies have gradually developed, particularly the use of mAb medications, which has renewed optimism for the treatment of TNBC. Because of its high specificity and targeting, mAb drugs have shown remarkable efficacy and potential in cancer treatment. An extensive examination of the clinical usage of mAb medications in the treatment of TNBC is given in this review. summarizing clinical trial data on key drugs such as PD-1/PD-L1 and TROP-2-targeted drugs, demonstrating the significant effect of these drugs in prolonging PFS and OS in patients. At the same time, new therapeutic targets besides PD-1 and TROP-2 are discussed, as well as the potential advantages of combination therapy strategies. The clinical application of mAb medications in TNBC is thoroughly examined in this study., summarizing clinical trial data on key drugs such as PD-1/PD-L1 and TROP-2-targeted drugs, demonstrating the significant effect of these drugs in prolonging PFS and OS in patients. At the same time, new therapeutic targets besides PD-1 and TROP-2 are discussed, as well as the potential advantages of combination therapy strategies.
Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Tacrolimus Formulations
Authors: Wen Ching Catherine
Published: January 2025

Tacrolimus (FK 506), a lipophilic 23-member macrolide lactone, is a potent calcineurin inhibitor immunosuppressive drug and primarily acts as acute antirejection maintenances after organ transplantation. Tacrolimus has narrow therapeutic index, large inter and intra patient variability in pharma-kinetics profile and poor oral availability due its poor solubility, which indicate hardships in determination of its optimum dose to patients. Interactions with P-glycoprotein also contributes to inconsistent therapeutic levels. There have been a lot of efforts made in different formulation of tacrolimus in order to balance between therapeutic failure and toxicity. However, generally the non-adherence to tacrolimus immunosuppressive therapy has always been associated with adverse effects. This research investigates and compares the immediate-release (IR-Tac) and extended-release (ER-Tac) formulations, focusing on their impact on patient adherence, safety, and treatment efficacy. The results indicate that ER-Tac’s once-daily regimen improves adherence without compromising safety or efficacy, offering a promising alternative to the traditional twice-daily IR-Tac formulation.
Recent Progress of the Membrane Palmitoylated Protein (MPP)
Authors: Zhang Jingyi
Published: January 2025

Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) is a common pathogen that causes acquired pneumonia. MPP is a relatively common respiratory disease, which can be spread through droplets and direct contact in crowded environments. Smokers, infants and people with low immunity are high-risk groups, and the incidence of MPP is increasing year by year under the influence of environmental factors and impaired immune function. Understanding its pathogenesis and identifying predictive biomarkers, while assisting blood or imaging tests, is one of the hot spots of clinicians' attention. At the same time, comprehensive measures should be adopted for the treatment of MPP, because although the disease is often considered to be a self-limiting disease, with the in-depth study of the disease, it is found that drug-resistant mycoplasma pneumoniae strains are gradually increasing, the incidence of severe or refractory mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia is also increasing, and the difficulty of clinical treatment is also increasing. This text will talk about the history of MMP and the common symptoms and signs associated with the infection, including cough, fever, sore throat, fatigue, and other respiratory symptoms. Also, it covers the diagnostic methods used to identify MMP. Finally,this paper discuss the efficacy of different treatment options, including antibiotics commonly used to treat MMP, covering the safety of these treatments, including any potential side effects or contraindications. Additionally, it explores the potential resistance of MMP to different antibiotics and how this resistance might affect treatment outcomes.
Synthesis and Application of Gold Nanoparticles in SPR Biosensors and Electrochemical Biosensors
Authors: Wu Zian
Published: January 2025

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have garnered high attention in the field of nanotechnology owing to their distinctive optical, electronic, and chemical properties. Therefore, AuNPs are particularly valuable in the development of advanced sensor technologies. It is well known that the size and structure of gold nanoparticles are significantly affected by the synthesis methods. Therefore, studying the preparation methods of AuNPs is of great significance for achieving controllable performance. This would promote the application of AuNPs in biosensor. This paper discusses the synthesis methods of AuNPs, including the Turkevich, Brust-Schiffrin, seeding growth, and green synthesis techniques. In addition, the affection of the synthesis method on the morphology and functional properties of AuNPs are analyzed critically. The paper also explores the applications of AuNPs in biosensors, especially in surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors and electrochemical biosensors. The modification of the sensors by AuNPs is proved to significantly enhance the sensitivity and specificity. This work contributes to achieve accurate and efficient detection of biological molecules.
Current Status of The Application of Different Sutures For Meniscus
Authors: Chen Yuye
Published: January 2025

The meniscus plays a critical role in preserving the knee's normal physiological function, which includes proprioception, stabilising the joint, nourishing and lubricating it, increasing the contact area of the articular surfaces and the match between the tibia and femur, and bearing distributed stress and shock. When people are exposed to external forces that cause their knees to twist, meniscus injury may result. However, if the meniscus is removed for resection, the likelihood of developing osteoarthritis in the knee joint increases. As arthroscopy technology has advanced, the goal of treating meniscus injuries is to keep as much of the damaged meniscus intact as feasible while also attempting to repair the meniscus by suturing as much of it as possible, if it is possible. In order to provide some reference for the clinical research of arthroscopic suture meniscus, this article presents the structure of the meniscus, focuses on various suture techniques for the treatment of arthroscopic meniscus injuries, and evaluates their benefits and drawbacks, as well as the proper suture techniques for various injuries.
Role of Biomarkers in COVID-19: an Updated Review
Authors: Li Yusheng
Published: January 2025

Biomarkers can identify viral infection before the onset of symptoms or at an early stage, which can facilitate early diagnosis and isolation of patients, thereby reducing the spread of the virus. In addition, the monitoring of biomarker levels allows the assessment of disease severity, progression, and treatment response, thereby providing key information for making clinical decision. This document provides a comprehensive review of various COVID-19 biomarkers. It discusses how biomarkers can enable early detection of viral infection, monitoring of disease severity and progression, and assessment of treatment effectiveness. This article reviews and evaluates the biomarkers of COVID-19. Key biomarkers included serologic measures, such as IgM and IgG antibodies, and general hematologic measures, such as white-cell count, lymphocyte count, procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, and interleukin-6. These markers are usually closely related to virus infection, replication, and the body's immune response. The potential for using salivary biomarkers, such as albumin, for COVID-19 diagnosis is also mentioned in this document.
Analysis of drugs-based treatment methods for Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Li Jiayi
Published: January 2025

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) treatment is one of the focuses of current medical research. Researchers have made progress in exploring the pathogenesis and treatment for AD, especially with disease-modifying therapies, cognitive enhancers, and medications for neuropsychiatric symptoms. However, there is still a research gap on how to effectively combine these drugs to improve the quality of life for AD patients. Therefore, this research aims to explore the effects of three drugs on AD, including lecanemab, brexpiprazole, and donepezil. This research systematically analyzed the efficacy of three drugs in different aspects of the disease: lecanemab as a disease-modifying therapy, brexpiprazole for relieving agitated symptoms, and donepezil for improving cognitive function. Through the analysis of their action mechanisms and clinical trial data, this research reveals the different roles of these drugs in AD treatment. The research results indicate that the combination of these three drugs can improve patients' symptoms from different aspects. Because of the various pathological mechanisms of AD, individualized multi-drug combination therapy may be an effective direction for future treatment.
Research on Molecular Imprinting Technology and MIP-Based Sensors in Food Safety Detection
Authors: Liu Kun
Published: January 2025

With the increasing awareness of healthcare, research on food safety has become a focus of researchers. Pesticide residues, veterinary drug residues, heavy metals, and food additives in the food caught the attention of researchers. Therefore, achieving accurate and rapid detection of target objects in food is of great significance for maintaining physical health of human beings. Detecting these target objects based on sensors is an effective way for people to ensure food safety. However, the detection matrix is relatively complex and the concentration of the target substance is extremely low, which bring difficulties for the detection. Therefore, new functional materials with specific identification are selected for sensor modification. Molecular imprinting technique (MIT) has a unique advantage including high selectivity and good stability. This technology can be used to prepare molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) which exhibit specific identification. Therefore, using MIP-based sensors for detecting target substances in food can improve detection accuracy. This work focuses on the discussion of MIT and MIP-based sensors. Meanwhile, this work summarizes the application of MIP-based sensors in food safety.
Nanopore Sequencing Technology: Working Principle, Key Issues and Applications
Authors: Xiao Longyu
Published: January 2025

Achieving rapid and accurate DNA sequencing is of great clinical value for the detection of many infectious diseases. By determining the nucleic acid sequence of the sample, DNA sequencing can achieve rapid and accurate identification of infectious diseases. Moreover, this method has high detection flux and short time consumption, and it is increasingly used in clinical diagnosis and epidemic prevention. This Review discusses recent advancements in nanopore fabrication and sensing strategies. In this work, the speed control factors of DNA translocation across nanopores are discussed. The identification of multiple types of DNA modification are outlined. Besides, strategy for the multiplexed detection of analytes is also discussed. This technology can achieve sequencing of DNA, RNA, and proteins. It is considered to exhibit high sensitivity, selectivity and efficiency. This work will help people gain a deeper understanding of DNA sequencing technology using nanopores. This work will also promote the development of early diagnostic techniques in the future.
Advancements in NSCLC Treatment: Efficacy and Mechanisms of Surgery, Targeted Therapy, and Immunotherapy
Authors: Huang Jingya
Published: January 2025

Lung cancer, the most lethal cancer form across the globe, accounts for nearly 1.8 million death each year. The high mortality rate from lung cancer underscores the critical need for effective treatments even in the face of medical progress. Currently available treatment options include radiation therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and surgery. This study examines the workings and efficaciousness of the last three treatment in NSCLC. The most effective treatment for early-stage NSCLC continues to be surgical resection, offering high cure rates, especially with procedures like lobectomy and VATS. Targeted therapies have revolutionized treatment by focusing on specific genetic mutations, such as EGFR and ALK. The usage of medications like osimertinib and alectinib has achieved great success. Immunotherapy, which uses immune checkpoint inhibitors like pembrolizumab and nivolumab, has improved the immune system's ability to target cancer cells, opening up new possibilities for long-lasting responses in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. Notwithstanding these developments, problems including immunological-related side effects and medication resistance still exist. The present status of these medicines, their modes of action, and their effects on patient outcomes are highlighted in this paper.
Penyuluhan Fisioterapi Komunitas Lansia dalam Meningkatkan Pengetahuan tentang Latihan Fisioterapi yang Dapat Dilakukan Secara Mandiri di Rumah pada Kondisi Osteoarthritis Lutut di Puskesmas Janti
Authors: Dewi Sawitri  , Anita Faradilla Rahim  , Anisa Mila Prasetya
Published: January 2025

Abstrak: Penuaan yang mengarah pada status lanjut usia yang didefinisikan sebagai individu berusia 60 tahun atau lebih, membawa perubahan multifaset pada aspek fisik, mental, dan sosial. Proses biologis ini sering kali diiringi dengan penurunan daya tahan tubuh, meningkatkan kerentanannya terhadap penyakit degeneratif, salah satunya adalah osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis, yang umumnya menyerang sendi lutut, dipicu oleh penurunan fungsi kondrosit dan kerusakan pada jaringan tulang rawan, seiring dengan proses penuaan. Penyuluhan kesehatan bagi lansia ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman mereka mengenai osteoarthritis lutut serta latihan fisioterapi yang dapat dilakukan secara mandiri di rumah. Metode yang diterapkan meliputi penyuluhan berbasis promosi kesehatan mengenai osteoarthritis lutut dan berbagai latihan yang dapat dilakukan di rumah, dengan menggunakan media poster sebagai sarana edukasi. Kegiatan ini tidak hanya bertujuan memberikan pengetahuan, tetapi juga menyelenggarakan sesi tanya jawab untuk mengidentifikasi keluhan-keluhan yang dialami lansia dalam komunitas. Selain itu, dilakukan pula edukasi dan praktikum latihan fisioterapi yang bisa diimplementasikan secara mandiri oleh lansia. Hasil dari penyuluhan ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan signifikan dalam pemahaman lansia tentang osteoarthritis lutut serta penerapan latihan fisioterapi yang dapat dilakukan secara mandiri di rumah di lingkungan Puskesmas Janti.
Impact of zinc supplementation on cellular and molecular biomechanical alterations and critical outcomes in pediatric patients with sepsis: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ganda Idham Jaya , Oentari Aldora Jesslyn , Pelupessy Ninny Meutia , Laompo Amiruddin , Salekede Setia Budi , Rauf Syarifuddin
Published: January 2025

Background: Sepsis remains a significant contributor to illness and death in children. Studies suggests that potential benefits of zinc supplementation in patients with sepsis, such as reduced inflammation and mortality rates. Zinc is involved in maintaining the structural integrity and function of cell membranes, which is essential for proper cell signaling and biomechanical responses. It can also influence the activity of key enzymes and proteins that regulate intracellular and extracellular forces, thereby affecting cell adhesion, migration, and overall tissue mechanics. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), Septic Shock, Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), and Mortality in Pediatric Sepsis receiving Zinc supplementation, with a focus on the underlying cellular and molecular biomechanical mechanisms. Methods: This study was a Randomized Control Trial (RCT) conducted using a parallel-group, double-blind design and prospective cohort approach. Participants were selected through consecutive sampling and then randomized into two groups: one receiving standard therapy plus zinc supplementation and the other receiving standard therapy plus a placebo. Results: Among pediatric patients with sepsis, the incidence of septic shock was significantly lower in the group receiving standard therapy with zinc supplementation (34.4%) compared to the placebo group (65.6%) (p = 0.00, OR 2.29, 95% CI: 1.28–4.11). The incidence of ARDS was 66.7% in the placebo group, versus 33.3% in the zinc group (p = 0.00, OR 0.37, 95% CI: 0.22–0.64). For acute kidney injury (AKI), 65.7% occurred in the placebo group compared to 34.3% in the zinc group (p = 0.04, OR 2.09, 95% CI: 0.99–4.40). Mortality in the placebo group was 64.3%, while in the zinc group it was 35.7% (p = 0.01, OR 0.48, 95% CI: 0.26–0.88). Conclusion: Zinc supplementation significantly reduces the incidence of acute respiratory distress syndrome, acute kidney injury, septic shock, and mortality in pediatric patients with sepsis. These outcomes may be attributed to zinc’s role in modulating cellular signaling pathways, enhancing cellular integrity under stress, and improving the biomechanical properties of cell membranes, thereby promoting better physiological responses in the context of sepsis.
Integrating intelligent algorithms in music education to analyze and improve posture and motion in instrumental training
Authors: Yang Panle
Published: January 2025

This paper presents an innovative Artificial Intelligence (AI)—based system for real-time posture analysis and correction in instrumental music training. The system integrates OpenPose-based Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) for skeletal tracking, Dynamic Time Warping for motion pattern analysis, and K-Nearest Neighbors (K-NN) for posture classification. Through a 16-week experimental study involving 18 music students, the system demonstrated significant improvements in learning outcomes compared to traditional methods. Key findings include (a) 33.3% faster technique acquisition in AI-assisted learning compared to traditional methods; (b) 18.6% higher posture improvement rates by week 16; (c) 40.2% better self-correction capabilities; and (d) 95.1% retention rate of correct posture after 6 months. The system processes video input at 120 fps with a total latency of 30 ms, achieving 94.3% accuracy in posture detection and 91.2% in motion pattern matching. The research establishes a comprehensive framework for integrating AI technology in music education, providing continuous, objective feedback during practice sessions. This approach addresses the critical gap between supervised instruction and individual practice, potentially reducing the risk of performance-related injuries through early detection of posture deviations.
Pelatihan Pengelasan Bagi Pemuda di Desa Air Sialang Kecamatan Samadua
Authors: Anwar Ihsan , Irwansyah Irwansyah , Balkhaya Balkhaya , Fitriadi Nuzuli , Yusrizal Yusrizal , Harwika Harwika , Anhar Anhar
Published: January 2025

Pengabdian kepada masyarakat adalah salah satu Dharma dari Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi, disamping dharma pendidikan dan dharma penelitian, dimana Perguruan Tinggi diharapkan ada usaha secara sadar untuk mencegah terjadinya isolasi Perguruan Tinggi dari masyarakat dan lingkungannya, sehingga akan selalu ada keterkaitan atau bahkan kemanunggalan Perguruan Tinggi dan masyarakat. Dari segi letak geografis memang sangat strategis dilakukan kegiatan pelatihan pengelasan ini di desa Air sialang, karena di desa tersebut masih luas lahan pertanian yang masih aktif yang sampai sekarang ini masih digunakan. Banyak peralatan pertananian yang terbuat dari besi, contoh nya : cangkol, parang, mesin perontok dan traktor dll. Jadi peralatan yang sudah rusak tidak perlu di buat di tempat lain sehingga mengeluarkan biaya lagi. Dengan adanya kegiata ini sangat membantu masyarakat Samadua khusus nya Desa Air sialang, banyak masyarakat yang berbondong-bondong ikut melakukan pelatihan pengelasan yang dilakukan selama tiga hari. Mudah-mudahan bermanfaat bagi masyarakat, dan ilmu yang didapat bisa digunakan dan berkembang, juga bisa menciptakan usaha kecil mandiri unit desa.
Pelatihan Penulisan Artikel Ilmiah bagi Guru SMA dan SMK Kabupaten Aceh Selatan
Authors: Ilham Dirja Nur , Ihsan M Arinal , Candra Rudi Arif , Kurniadi Sepri , Anwar Ihsan , Saputra Devi Satria , Fardiansyah Fardiansyah
Published: January 2025

Penulisan karya tulis dan karya ilmiah di bidang pendidikan merupakan salah satu bentuk pengembangan profesi dari seorang guru yang dapat berkontribusi pada peningkatan mutu pendidikan dalam proses belajar mengajar. Namun jumlah karya ilmiah yang dihasilkan oleh keprofesian guru masih berada di angka yang rendah. Salah satu kesulitan penulisan karya ilmiah yang dialami oleh para guru adalah pengembangan ide atau pemikiran menjadi sebuah tulisan karya ilmiah yang koheren dan padu. Untuk itu, perlu dilakukan pelatihan penulisan artikel ilmiah dalam bentuk laporan penelitian maupun penulisan artikel dalam jurnal ilmiah. Hal ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan dan menambah kemampuan seorang guru untuk bisa dalam keterampilan bahasa verbal menjadi terampil juga dalam menuangkan ide dan pemikirannya dalam bentuk tulisan. Sejumlah guru terutama guru muda yang mengajar di SMA dan SMK di Kabupaten Aceh Selatan menjadi target utama dalam pelatihan ini. Pelatihan ini diharapkan dapat memberikan pemahaman mengenai metode penulisan artikel ilmiah yang baik dan berkualitas, meningkatkan motivasi guru dalam menulis artikel ilmiah, serta menghasilkan naskah/artikel oleh guru yang layak dipublikasikan. Dalam hal ini turut difasilitasi dengan template dari jurnal dan jurnal yang bisa menampung artikel para guru yang layak untuk dipublikasikan.
Đánh giá mức độ ưu tiên ghép gan qua thang điểm Peld trong phẫu thuật Kasai điều trị teo đường mật bẩm sinh type III
Authors:   Trường Đại học Y Dược Thái Bình, Tiến Tùng Vũ
Published: January 2025

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá mức độ ưu tiên ghép gan của bệnh nhi teo đường mật bẩm sinh type III được điều trị bằng phẫu thuật Kasai tại bệnh viện Nhi trung ương qua thang điểm PELD.
Phương pháp: Nghiên cứu hồi cứu mô tả loạt ca bệnh bao gồm 172 bệnh nhân được chẩn đoán teo đường mật bẩm sinh type III, được điều trị bằng phẫu thuật Kasai có cắt xơ rốn gan rộng rãi tại bệnh viện Nhi trung ương từ 01/2016 đến 12/2020. Chỉ tiêu nghiên cứu là thang điểm PELD (Pediatric End –stage Liver – Disease) là chỉ số để chỉ định ưu tiên cho trẻ teo đường mật bẩm sinh cần ghép gan.
Kết quả: Thang điểm PELD đánh giá trước mổ trung bình là 5,68±9,3. Đánh giá lại sau 01 tháng thang điểm PELD trung bình là 5,91±3,31. Đánh giá lại sau 06 tháng, điểm PELD trung bình là 5,33±8,12. Chỉ số PELD sau phẫu thuật ở nhóm bệnh nhân tử vong cao hơn so với nhóm còn sống với diện tích dưới đường cong ROC đạt 0,869 (0,788-0,950) với p=0,006, tại ngưỡng (cut off) PELD≥3 với độ nhạy 91,7% và độ đặc hiệu 63,9%.
Kết luận: Thang điểm PELD trước mổ và sau mổ 6 tháng có liên quan chặt chẽ tới tỷ lệ tử vong sau phẫu thuật Kasai và ưu tiên trong ghép gan điều trị teo đường mật bẩm sinh ở trẻ em.
Nghiên cứu ứng dụng trí tuệ nhân tạo (AI) hỗ trợ chẩn đoán hình ảnh X-quang phổi tại Bệnh viện Đa khoa thành phố Vinh
Authors: Nhất Sinh Phạm
Published: January 2025

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá bước đầu ứng dụng trí tuệ nhân tạo trong hỗ trợ chẩn đoán hình ảnh X-Quang phổi tại Bệnh viện Đa khoa thành phố Vinh.
Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu cắt ngang trên 100 dữ liêu hình ảnh phim X-Quang phổi được hỗ trợ phân tích bởi trí tuệ nhân tạo từ tháng 6 đến tháng 8/2024 tại Bệnh viện Đa khoa thành phố Vinh, tỉnh Nghệ An.
Kết quả: AI X-Quang phổi phát hiện ra có 91 ca (91,0%) có tổn thương với độ nhạy là 95,7%, độ đặc hiệu là 83,3%. Tuỳ từng bệnh lý, tổn thương mà kết quả chẩn đoán từ AI-Xquang phổi có sự khác nhau, dao động trong khoảng 80-100% đối với loại phim có 1 tổn thương và từ khoảng 70-94% đối với phim có từ 2 tổn thương trở lên.
Kết luận: Ứng dụng trí tuệ nhân tạo rất có giá trị trong việc hỗ trợ phân tích kết quả phim X-Quang phổi phát hiện tổn thương với độ nhạy là 95,7% và độ đặc hiệu là 83,3%.
Tình trạng ngứa da và một số yếu tố liên quan ở bệnh nhân đái tháo đường Típ 2
Authors:   Trường Đại học Y Dược Thái Bình, Thị Thanh Loan Nguyễn
Published: January 2025

Mục tiêu: Xác định tỷ lệ, đặc điểm ngứa da và tìm hiểu một số yếu tố liên quan đến tình trạng ngứa da ở bệnh nhân (BN) đái tháo đường (ĐTĐ) típ 2 tại khoa Nội Tiết bệnh viện Đa khoa tỉnh Thái Bình.
Phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang có phân tích với 155 bệnh nhân ĐTĐ típ 2 điều trị tại khoa Nội Tiết Bệnh viện đa khoa tỉnh Thái Bình từ 01/12/2023 đến 31/03/2024.
Kết quả: Nghiên cứu có 31/155 bệnh nhân ĐTĐ típ 2 điều trị tại khoa Nội Tiết Bệnh viện Đa khoa tỉnh Thái Bình có biểu hiện ngứa da, chiếm tỷ lệ 20%. Ngứa da rải rác cả ngày chiếm tỉ lệ cao nhất là 51,61% và ngứa rải rác toàn thân. Mức độ ngứa có mối tương quan tuyến tính thuận và chặt chẽ với BMI theo phương trình: Mức độ ngứa (điểm)= 0,557*BMI +0,083. Chỉ số ure máu ở nhóm có ngứa da cao hơn so với nhóm không ngứa da có ý nghĩa thống kê, p= 0,005. Số lượng bạch cầu ái toan ở nhóm có ngứa da cao hơn so với nhóm không ngứa da có ý nghĩa thống kê, p= 0,04. Tỷ lệ ngứa da ở BN điều trị thường xuyên bằng Metformin thấp hơn so với tỷ lệ ngứa da ở BN không điều trị thường xuyên bằng Metformin có ý nghĩa thống kê với OR (CI 95%) = 5,26 (1,19 - 23,27). Tỷ lệ ngứa da ở BN có tình trạng khô da cao hơn so với tỷ lệ ngứa da ở BN không có tình trạng khô da, có ý nghĩa thống kê với OR (CI 95%) = 7,36 (3,00 - 18,04).
Kết luận: Biểu hiện ngứa da chiếm tỷ lệ 20% trên các bệnh nhân đái tháo đường típ 2 nhập viện trong nghiên cứu. Mức độ ngứa có mối tương quan thuận và chặt chẽ với BMI, chỉ số ure máu, số lượng bạch cầu ái toan, điều trị thường xuyên bằng Metformin và tình trạng da khô
Vai trò của y học cổ truyền trong điều trị rối loạn cương dương: Tổng quan luận điểm
Authors: Lương Huân Chử
Published: January 2025

Mục tiêu: Nghiên cứu tổng quan về vai trò của y học cổ truyền trong điều trị rối loạn cương dương tại Việt Nam
Phương pháp: Nghiên cứu tổng quan luận điểm
Kết quả: Trong 33 bài báo tìm được trên cơ sở dữ liệu, lọc ra được 5 bài báo phù hợp với tiêu chuẩn lựa chọn, trong đó chủ yếu là can thiệp lâm sàng, so sánh trước sau điều trị.
Kết luận: Các nghiên cứu Y học cổ truyền trong điều trị rối loạn cương dương chủ yếu tập trung đánh giá hiệu quả của các bài thuốc cổ phương nhưng số lượng còn rất ít. Chưa có nhiều các nghiên cứu thực nghiệm.
Thực trạng tuân thủ điều trị và một số yếu tố liên quan ở người bệnh tâm thần phânliệt điều trị ngoại trú tại huyện Giao Thủy tỉnh Nam Định năm 2024
Authors: Thị Khuyên Trần
Published: January 2025

Mục tiêu: Mô tả thực trạng tuân thủ điều trị và một số yếu tố liên quan ở người bệnh tâm thần phân liệt điều trị ngoại trú tại huyện Giao Thủy tỉnh Nam Định năm 2024.
Phương pháp: Phương pháp nghiên cứu dịch tễ học mô tả với cuộc điều tra cắt ngang có phân tích với cỡ mẫu là 268 người bệnh đang điều trị ngoại trú. Người bệnh Tâm thần phân liệt được phỏng vấn bằng bộ câu hỏi đã được thiết kế trước có tham khảo thang điểm đánh giá Morisky-8.
Kết quả: Mức độ đối tượng tuân thủ điều trị cao (42,5%), tuân thủ điều trị thấp (25,0%) và tuân thủ điều trị kém (32,5%). Người bệnh có tuổi dưới 35 có khả năng tuân thủ điều trị tốt hơn người bệnh có tuổi trên 35 với OR = 2,37 (1,09 - 5,10). Người bệnh không gặp tác dụng phụ khi sử dụng thuốc tuân thủ điều trị tốt hơn so với người bệnh gặp tác dụng phụ khi sử dụng thuốc với OR=0,19 (0,11-0,32). Người bệnh được gia đình đưa đi khám tuân thủ điều trị tốt hơn so với người bệnh không được gia đình đưa đi khám với OR=1,80 (1,10-2,96). Người bệnh được gia đình động viên, thông cảm, quan tâm tuân thủ điều trị tốt hơn với OR=3,41 (0,95-12,26).
Kết luận: Tỷ lệ tuân thủ điều trị của người bệnh tâm thần phân liệt theo thang điểm đánh giá Morisky-8: 42,5% người bệnh tuân thủ điều trị. Có mối liên quan giữa nhóm tuổi, kiến thức, sự hỗ trợ của gia đình với tuân thủ điều trị của người bệnh.
The Scope of National Sovereignty Over Outer Space And The Prevention Of Environmental Hazards Arising From Its Exploration, Use, and Development
Authors: Almahameed Mwaffaq , . Al-Mafaraq
Published: January 2025

This study addresses issues related to the scope of national sovereignty, including the environmental dimensions related to the use and exploration of outer space. It highlights the environmental aspects related to outer space in the light of international treaties and relevant local laws. A series of results and recommendations were reached in this study, including : The absence of an international agreement on the boundaries of airspace and outer space requires the need to adopt solutions agreed upon by the international community (international treaties) so that the issue is treated as a legal issue rather than a scientific issue, emphasizing the importance of stating the obligations of States concerning the outer space environment. The use and exploration of outer space have led to the emergence of many environmental hazards and even environmental damage, such as space pollution, including orbital debris and radiation hazards, and the growth of some commercial activities harmful to the outer space environment, including the so-called space burial.
An Investigation of Exchange Rate Volatility using Econometric Model: Evidence from Cambodia
Authors: Ky Sereyvath
Published: January 2025

The examination of foreign exchange dynamics was performed utilizing the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model, which integrates both Autoregressive (AR) and Moving Average (MA) components. The analysis focused on the monthly exchange rate between the Khmer Riel and the US dollar, spanning from December 2018 to September 2024, to assess the variations in exchange rates. According to the results of the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test, the foreign exchange data series was determined to be integrated of order zero, or I(0). The model identified as the most appropriate, based on the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), was the ARIMA(3,0,3) model, which indicated the optimal lag lengths for this analysis. The reaction of the foreign exchange market to the disturbance shock revealed a cyclical behavior and demonstrated a downward trajectory over the 30-period forecast horizon. Importantly, the impulse response function (IRF) stayed within the 95% confidence interval, signifying that the response to the shock was statistically significant and remained within a tolerable level of uncertainty. This observation implies that the predictions generated by the model can be regarded as trustworthy.