bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Motor control of an insect leg during level and incline walking
Authors: Dallmann Chris J. , Dürr Volker , Schmitz Josef
Published: April 2019

During walking, the leg motor system must continually adjust to changes in mechanical conditions, such as the inclination of the ground. To understand the underlying control, it is important to know how changes in leg muscle activity relate to leg kinematics (movements) and leg dynamics (forces, torques). Here, we studied these parameters in hindlegs of stick insects (Carausius morosus) during level and uphill/downhill (±45 deg) walking, using a combination of electromyography, 3D motion capture and ground reaction force measurements. We find that some kinematic parameters including leg joint angles and body height vary across walking conditions. However, kinematics vary little compared with dynamics: horizontal leg forces and torques at the thorax–coxa joint (leg protraction/retraction) and femur–tibia joint (leg flexion/extension) tend to be stronger during uphill walking and are reversed in sign during downhill walking. At the thorax–coxa joint, the different mechanical demands are met by adjustments in the timing and magnitude of antagonistic muscle activity. Adjustments occur primarily in the first half of stance after the touch-down of the leg. When insects transition from level to incline walking, the characteristic adjustments in muscle activity occur with the first step of the leg on the incline, but not in anticipation. Together, these findings indicate that stick insects adjust leg muscle activity on a step-by-step basis so as to maintain a similar kinematic pattern under different mechanical demands. The underlying control might rely primarily on feedback from leg proprioceptors signaling leg position and movement.
Early results and volumetric analysis after spot-scanning proton therapy with concomitant hyperthermia in large inoperable sacral chordomas
Authors: Tran Sebastien , Puric Emsad , Walser Marc , Poel Robert , Datta Niloy Ranjan , Heuberger Juerg , Pica Alessia , Marder Dietmar , Lomax Nicoletta , Bolsi Alessandra , Morach Petra , Bachtiary Barbara , Seddon Beatrice M , Schneider Ralf , Bodis Stephan , Weber Damien C
Published: April 2019

Objective:

Large inoperable sacral chordomas show unsatisfactory local control rates even when treated with high dose proton therapy (PT). The aim of this study is assessing feasibility and reporting early results of patients treated with PT and concomitant hyperthermia (HT).

Methods: 

Patients had histologically proven unresectable sacral chordomas and received 70 Gy (relative biological effectiveness) in 2.5 Gy fractions with concomitant weekly HT. Toxicity was assessed according to CTCAE_v4. A volumetric tumor response analysis was performed.

Results: 

Five patients were treated with the combined approach. Median baseline tumor volume was 735 cc (range, 369–1142). All patients completed PT and received a median of 5 HT sessions (range, 2–6). Median follow-up was 18 months (range, 9–26). The volumetric analysis showed an objective response of all tumors (median shrinkage 46%; range, 9–72). All patients experienced acute Grade 2–3 local pain. One patient presented with a late Grade 3 iliac fracture.

Conclusion:

Combining PT and HT in large inoperable sacral chordomas is feasible and causes acceptable toxicity. Volumetric analysis shows promising early results, warranting confirmation in the framework of a prospective trial.

Advances in knowledge: 

This is an encouraging first report of the feasibility and early results of concomitant HT and PT in treating inoperable sacral chordoma.
Sobre desconexões e hiatos: uma análise de capacidades estatais e finanças públicas em municípios brasileiros
Authors: Grin Eduardo José , Nascimento Alex Bruno do , Abrucio Fernando Luiz , Fernandes Antônio Sérgio
Published: April 2019

A autonomia política, administrativa e financeira municipal, consagrada na Constituição Federal (CF) de 1988, apoiou-se no pressuposto de que descentralização ampliaria democracia e eficiência fiscal. O artigo analisa a relação entre gestão pública e performance fiscal municipal, com suporte teórico na literatura sobre capacidades estatais, considerando quatro dimensões – administrativa, técnica, institucional e política – para embasar a definição das variáveis explicativas. Capacidade administrativa avalia a estrutura organizacional – número de servidores per capita, realizar licitações e atender aos cidadãos – para executar funções e serviços públicos essenciais. Capacidade técnica trata das habilidades para formular e gerir políticas e depende da qualificação dos recursos humanos e do planejamento municipal, por exemplo. Capacidade institucional trata do poder para legislar sobre regulações que afetam o comportamento dos atores econômicos e influenciam a performance fiscal local (por exemplo, plano diretor, lei de zoneamento urbano e taxa de contribuição de melhoria). Capacidade política analisa como o governo municipal estabelece canais de interlocução para lidar com demandas sociais por meio de conselhos de políticas públicas e consórcios intermunicipais. Cada dimensão gerou uma hipótese testada por uma regressão multivariada com erros robustos. O estudo contribui para a literatura ao evidenciar as dificuldades e limitações de capacidades estatais municipais para influenciar a melhora da sua gestão fiscal. Em face das lacunas econômicas, financeiras e institucionais municipais, qualificar suas capacidades estatais segue sendo um hiato e uma desconexão a ser preenchida na Federação brasileira.
Early hyaluronidase use in preventing skin necrosis after treatment with dermal fillers: Report of two cases
Authors: Ciancio Francesco , Tarico Maria Stella , Giudice Giuseppe , Perrotta Rosario Emanuele
Published: April 2019

Injection of dermal fillers, like hyaluronic acid (HA), is a safe procedure, with few and transient side effects such as erythema, bruising and swelling etc. The aim of this report is to provide our protocol for the early treatment of necrotic complications after facial treatment with dermal fillers.

We present two cases of skin suffering of the face after dermal infiltration of HA, treated successfully with our early protocol. Our protocol includes the early infiltration of hyaluronidase in the treated areas. We start with infiltration of hyaluronidase distributed over the area to be treated through micro-injections with dosage 40 IU per cm2. Our protocol includes the use of systemic corticosteroids for 4 days, anti-aggregation therapy, oral antibiotic, topical cream with nitric oxide and compresses with gauze and warm water.

In the skin complications after dermal filler treatment, marked pain and characteristic reticulated erythema in the skin distribution of the affected vessels is often developed. Due to the implementation of our protocol in these patients, we managed to avoid an irreversible necrotic complication of the face in both cases.

In this report, our protocol was compared with results published in the literature and allowed us to avoid complications such as skin necrosis with permanent damage.
Pore timing: the evolutionary origins of the nucleus and nuclear pore complex
Authors: Field Mark C. , Rout Michael P.
Published: April 2019

The name “eukaryote” is derived from Greek, meaning “true kernel”, and describes the domain of organisms whose cells have a nucleus. The nucleus is thus the defining feature of eukaryotes and distinguishes them from prokaryotes (Archaea and Bacteria), whose cells lack nuclei. Despite this, we discuss the intriguing possibility that organisms on the path from the first eukaryotic common ancestor to the last common ancestor of all eukaryotes did not possess a nucleus at all—at least not in a form we would recognize today—and that the nucleus in fact arrived relatively late in the evolution of eukaryotes. The clues to this alternative evolutionary path lie, most of all, in recent discoveries concerning the structure of the nuclear pore complex. We discuss the evidence for such a possibility and how this impacts our views of eukaryote origins and how eukaryotes have diversified subsequent to their last common ancestor.
Correction of gene model annotations improves isoform abundance estimates: the example of ketohexokinase (Khk)
Authors: Chabbert Christophe D. , Eberhart Tanja , Guccini Ilaria , Krek Wilhelm , Kovacs Werner J.
Published: April 2019

Next generation sequencing protocols such as RNA-seq have made the genome-wide characterization of the transcriptome a crucial part of many research projects in biology. Analyses of the resulting data provide key information on gene expression and in certain cases on exon or isoform usage. The emergence of transcript quantification software such as Salmon has enabled researchers to efficiently estimate isoform and gene expressions across the genome while tremendously reducing the necessary computational power. Although overall gene expression estimations were shown to be accurate, isoform expression quantifications appear to be a more challenging task. Low expression levels and uneven or insufficient coverage were reported as potential explanations for inconsistent estimates. Here, through the example of the ketohexokinase (Khk) gene in mouse, we demonstrate that the use of an incorrect gene annotation can also result in erroneous isoform quantification results. Manual correction of the input Khk gene model provided a much more accurate estimation of relative Khk isoform expression when compared to quantitative PCR (qPCR measurements). In particular, removal of an unexpressed retained intron and a proper adjustment of the 5’ and 3’ untranslated regions both had a strong impact on the correction of erroneous estimates. Finally, we observed a better concordance in isoform quantification between datasets and sequencing strategies when relying on the newly generated Khk annotations. These results highlight the importance of accurate gene models and annotations for correct isoform quantification and reassert the need for orthogonal methods of estimation of isoform expression to confirm important findings.
The central role of nucleic acids in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Pisetsky David S.
Published: April 2019

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypic autoimmune disease whose pathogenesis can be conceptualized by a model based on a central role for immune complexes (ICs) between antinuclear antibodies and nucleic acids. According to this model, ICs can promote pathogenesis by two main mechanisms: deposition in the tissue to incite local inflammation and interaction with cells of the innate immune system to stimulate the production of cytokines, most prominently type 1 interferon. The latter stimulation results from the uptake of DNA and RNA in the form of ICs into cells and subsequent signaling by internal nucleic acid sensors for DNA and RNA. These sensors are likely important for the response to intracellular infection, although they may also be triggered during cell stress or injury by DNA or RNA aberrantly present in the cytoplasm. For IC formation, a source of extracellular DNA and RNA is essential. The current model of SLE posits that cell death is the origin of the nucleic acids in the ICs and that impairment of clearance mechanisms increases the amount of nuclear material in the extracellular space. This model of SLE is important since it points to new approaches to therapy; agents targeting interferon or the interferon receptor are examples of therapeutic approaches derived from this model. Future studies will explore novel biomarkers to monitor the operation of these mechanisms and to elucidate other steps in pathogenesis that can be targeted for therapy.
Evaluation of patient satisfaction and shade matching of Vita Suprinity versus lithium disilicate (E-max) ceramic crowns in the esthetic zone: a randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Abou-Steit Sameh , ElGuindy Jylan , Zaki Amina
Published: April 2019

Background: Optical impairments of teeth in the esthetic zone constitute a problem for many dentists and patients as several studies concluded that patients were dissatisfied of their dental appearance because of their restorations' color. The purpose of this study was to assess patient satisfaction combined with shade matching of VITA SUPRINITY versus lithium disilicate (IPS e-max CAD) all-ceramic crowns in esthetic zone.

Methods: 26 patients with teeth problems indicated for full coverage restoration on one tooth in the esthetic zone (from upper central incisor to 1st premolar) were randomized into 2 equal groups (n=13) for which different CAD-CAM ceramic materials were used; (VITA SUPRINITY) a zirconia reinforced lithium silicate ceramic and (IPS e.max CAD) lithium disilicate glass ceramic. The crowns were fabricated to match the shade of the contra-lateral/ adjacent tooth and assessed using the modified USPHS criteria. Also patient satisfaction was assessed. The data obtained by evaluating each assessment criteria were statistically analyzed using the Chi-square test that was performed in categorical data.

Results: According to the modified USPHS criteria, 100% of the patients were Alpha score with 0% for Bravo, Charlie and Delta scores in both groups. While according to the visual analogue scale (VAS), 100% of the patients were satisfied while 0% were dissatisfied by the restoration in both groups.

Conclusions: The results for both materials in terms of patient satisfaction and shade matching were Alpha. This indicated that both materials are clinically accepted to be used as full coverage restorations for excellent esthetic outcome.

Registration: NCT0284611.
Effect of high-intensity versus low-intensity praziquantel treatment on HIV disease progression in HIV and Schistosoma mansoni co-infected patients: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Abaasa Andrew , Asiki Gershim , Obuku Ekii Andrew , Wanyenze Josephine , Pala Pietro , J. van Dam Govert , Corstjens Paul L.A.M. , Hughes Peter , Ding Song , Pantaleo Giuseppe , Kaleebu Pontiano , Elliott Alison M. , Kamali Anatoli
Published: April 2019

Background: It has been hypothesised that Schistosoma co-infection exacerbates HIV progression, and hence anthelminthic intervention in co-infected individuals will delay it. We evaluated effects of high-intensity versus low-intensity praziquantel treatment of schistosomiasis on HIV disease progression among co-infected patients from fishing populations around Lake Victoria, Uganda.

Methods: Between August 2012 and September 2015, we conducted an open-label randomised, controlled trial. Adults, antiretroviral therapy-naïve, CD4 counts ≥350 cells/μl, HIV and S. mansoni co-infected, were randomised 1:1 to praziquantel (40mg/kg) given quarterly (starting at enrolment) or annually (starting 12 weeks after enrolment; such that low-intensity participants were still untreated when sampled at 12 weeks). A non-randomised HIV-positive S. mansoni-negative comparison group was recruited. The primary outcome was mean change in plasma viral load at 12 and 60 weeks.

Results: In total 363 participants (high-intensity 113, low-intensity 113, comparison group 137) were recruited; 96 (85.0%), 97 (85.8%) and 107 (78.1%) completed 60 weeks of follow up, respectively. Adjusting for baseline age and viral load, the geometric mean ratio (aGMR [95%CI]) viral load for high-intensity vs low-intensity groups at 12 weeks was 0.90 [0.65, 1.25] p=0.55 and at 60 weeks 1.88 [0.78, 4.53] p=0.16. Results in the comparison group were similar to trial arms. High-intensity, compared to low-intensity, treatment resulted in substantially lower S. mansoni prevalence at all follow up visits (p<0.05).

Conclusions: In communities with a high burden of both S. mansoni and HIV infection, high-intensity treatment of S. mansoni does not delay HIV progression despite relevant benefit for parasite clearance.

Trial registration: ISRCTN15371662 (17/11/2016)
Restorative clinical supervision: a reflection
Authors: Macdonald Barbara
Published: April 2019

A-EQUIP has been rolled out as the model of support for midwives in England since 2017, replacing statutory supervision. The non-regulatory but important supportive aspect of supervision will continue, focusing on restoration, revalidation and education. As a result, the supervisor of midwives role has been replaced by the professional midwifery advocate (PMA). The A-EQUIP model provides a framework for PMAs to deliver support and clinical supervision to midwives, through interventions such as restorative clinical supervision. Providing restorative clinical supervision is explored further in this article, to critically reflect on the beneficial outcomes for midwives facing extreme pressures and the care that women receive.
Parasite prevention in the travelling pet
Authors: Wright Ian
Published: April 2019

The number of pets travelling under PETS increases year on year, with the number almost doubling between 2015 and 2017. In addition to this, climate change is affecting parasite distributions worldwide, including in Europe. Most notably it is allowing the further expansion of some parasites northwards. The UK is at high risk of many exotic parasites becoming endemic if they are allowed to enter, and a consistent strategy is key in preventing this from happening. A bespoke parasite control plan should be created for each pet travelling abroad and care should be taken by veterinary professionals not to become complacent when dealing with common exotic parasites. This article will consider ‘the usual suspects’ and some lesser known threats that pets may face when travelling abroad in Europe and offer advice and information on their significance and prevention.
Canine infective endocarditis
Authors: Romero-Fernandez Nora , Palermo Valentina
Published: April 2019

Canine infective endocarditis is defined as an infection of the endocardium, commonly involving one or more heart valves and leading to proliferative (vegetative) or erosive lesions. Prerequisites for development of infective endocarditis include endocardial damage, formation of a sterile vegetative lesion or coagulum, presence of bacteraemia and microorganism adherence to the coagulum. Predisposing factors include any that may facilitate meeting the prerequisites, including congenital heart disease, extra-oral infections and immunosuppression, amongst others. Large, male, middle-aged and purebred dogs may be overrepresented, in particular Labrador Retrievers, Golden Retrievers, Boxers and German Shepherd Dogs. Typically caused by bacteria, the most common isolates include Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Gram-negative rods (particularly Escherichia coli) and Bartonella spp. Blood culture can have low sensitivity, with up to 70% of cultures being negative. Bartonella spp. are increasingly being recognised as a cause of culture-negative aortic infective endocarditis. The preferred method of diagnosis in vivo is echocardiography, with a reported sensitivity of 87.5%. The prognosis is guarded despite appropriate treatment, and some negative prognostic factors have been identified.
Métodos pedagógicos emergentes para un nuevo siglo ¿Qué hay realmente de innovación?
Authors: Montanero Fernández Manuel
Published: April 2019

En este trabajo se examinan 14 líneas de innovación pedagógica que se han difundido en el sistema educativo a lo largo de las dos últimas décadas. Se propone una clasificación en 4 grandes enfoques, en función de sus metas educativas y los principios didácticos en los que se asientan: (1) aprendizaje experiencial y por indagación, (2) aprendizaje cooperativo, (3) enseñanza centrada en la inteligencia y el pensamiento, y (4) enseñanza centrada en la emoción y la motivación. A partir de la identificación de sus principales antecedentes históricos, se concluye que principalmente retoman ideas pedagógicas del siglo pasado, enriquecidas con nuevos recursos didácticos y tecnológicos. De la revisión de la investigación reciente acerca de sus beneficios y limitaciones se deduce la conveniencia de articular dichas innovaciones con otras alternativas de instrucción directa, así como desarrollar una investigación más centrada en los procesos y las dificultades que ocasiona en el aula.
Recombinant horse interleukin-4 and interleukin-10 induced a mixed inflammatory cytokine response in horse peripheral blood mononuclear cells
Authors: Saini Sheetal , Singha Harisankar , Siwach Priyanka , Tripathi B. N.
Published: April 2019

Background and Aim: Interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-10 activate plethora of immune cells and induce the humoral immune response. However, recombinant version of horse IL-4 and IL-10 has not been investigated to understand their immunomodulating activities. This study aimed to produce recombinant horse mature IL-4 and IL-10 in Escherichia coli. Immune-modulating activities of recombinant horse IL-4 and IL-10 were investigated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Materials and Methods: Equine PBMCs were stimulated with recombinant IL-4 and IL-10. A proliferation of PBMCs was measured by XTT assay and cytokines induction was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis displayed a molecular weight of 15 kDa for IL-4 and 19 kDa for IL-10. Recombinant IL-4 and IL-10 significantly induced cell proliferation at 250 ng/ml. The results demonstrated that IL-4 enhanced expression of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and IL-10, while recombinant horse IL-10 induced expression of IL-6, IFN-γ, and TNF-α. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that biologically active horse IL-4 and IL-10 could be produced in E. coli.
Sobre el significado del silencio del Buddha
Authors: Bocard Crespo Enrique Fernando
Published: April 2019

El objetivo principal del ensayo es intentar entender el significado del silencio del Buddha ante las diez proposiciones sin declarar. Si se consideran como di††hi, las preguntas sin declarar son simplemente un conjunto de proposiciones conceptualmente distorsionadas. El trabajo se ha dividido en cinco secciones. En las dos primeras se presenta la explicación del Buddha de su propio silencio. Tienen un alcance meramente expositivo con el objeto de situar la discusión en los términos en que fue originariamente planteada. La tercera parte explica los mecanismos mentales que intervienen en la generación mental de patrones mentales distorsionados. El papel que desempeña papañca en el desarrollo de las tendencias subyacentes y la aparición de efluvios mentales se ha desarrollado en la cuarta parte. Finalmente, se presenta el silencio del Buddha como la respuesta que es consistente con el conjunto de principios doctrinales que él mismo declaró.
Effect of organic amendments on soil salinity and the growth of maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Khatun Monowara , Shuvo Md. Asif Rehan , Salam Md. Tareq Bin , Rahman S.M. Hafizur
Published: April 2019

Soil salinity is a major concern in southwestern part of Bangladesh because almost 30% cultivable lands are currently lying under risk of salinity where 30-50% yields loss is happening. Organic amendments have found to be effective in the amelioration of saline soil by improving soil physical and chemical properties as well as crop selection is another criteria for sustaining viability of crops in saline soil. For ensuring sustainable saline soil management, a comparative pot study was carried out during kharif 1 season in 2015 to observe the effect of organic amendments (solid waste, vermicompost and cow dung) on soil salinity and its influence on the growth of maize. Composite soil was collected at a depth of 0-15 cm from Gozalmari village of Jalma Union in Batiaghata Upazila under Khulna district, Bangladesh that was saline (10.6 dS/m) in nature and the irrigation water sample was collected from beside Kazibacha river (4.28 dS/m) that was also moderately saline. The maize cultivar “Shuvra” was used for cultivation in the study. The experiment comprised of four treatments viz. T0: Control (No organic manure); T1: Solid waste (36g); T2: Vemicompost (72g); T3: Cow dung (33g). Five seeds were sown in each pot. Seeds were treated with Agrosan GN to protect them from seed and soil borne pathogens. Chemical fertilizers were not used in the experiment. Irrigation was done two times before harvesting: at 20 days after sowing (DAS) and at 40 DAS with river water and rain water was irrigated naturally during the season. Findings were that the organic amendments significantly influence the physico-chemical properties of the saline soil. All organic treated soils significantly reduce the soil EC (from 10.6 dS/m to 3.4 dS/m) and pH (from 7.63 to 7.38) compared to control soil (p?0.05). In case of survival parameters (e.g %gemination, rate of survival at 50 DAS) of maize, the treatments were found insignificant (p?0.05). But in terms of growth parameter (plant height and root length), significant differences were found between control and organic amendments treated soil (p?0.05). It may be concluded that organic amendments treated soils showed better results than that of control soil. If proper management can be implemented, this positive results will bring hope to the local poor farmers at least can introduce a new crop in fallow agricultural land during the kharif 1 season.
Effects of medicinal plants on radiolabeling and biodistribution of diagnostic radiopharmaceuticals: A systematic review
Authors: Khosravian Pegah , Heidari-Soureshjani Saeid , Yang Qian
Published: April 2019

Radiopharmaceuticals are drugs that contain radioisotopes used for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. There are evidences that medicinal herbs and their constituents can modify the radiolabeling, biodistribution, and pharmacokinetics of radiopharmaceuticals through drug interaction. To have an overview of the effects and the underlying mechanisms of medicinal plants on the radiolabeling and bioavailability of radiopharmaceuticals, we conducted this study to summarize the current findings in this field. The scientific literature was systematically collected from databases and analyzed. Studies showed that medicinal plants and their constituents can alter radiolabeling and biodistribution via several mechanisms. Interactions with proteins in red blood cells at the same sites, chelating action of stannous and pertechnetate ions, antioxidant action impeding or decreasing stannous ion oxidation, direct oxidation of stannous ions, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which oxidize stannous ions and damage induced in the cell membrane. Most the medicinal plants can decrease the radioactivity of radiopharmaceuticals, but some of them like Peumus boldus, Punica granatum, Nectandra membranacea, Mentha crispa, Rosmarinus officinalis and derivatives such as eugenol and epigallocatechin gallate have increasing effects. In addition, altering feature in some of them is tissue dependent.
TWÓRCA W DOBIE INTERNETU. NA PRZYKŁADACH POLSKIEJ E-LITERATURY
Authors: Winiecka Elżbieta
Published: April 2019

Artykuł poświęcony jest prezentacji przemian mitów artysty w literaturze elektronicznej. Przedmiotem badań jest tu wyłącznie przestrzeń Internetu oraz zjawiska literackie, rozwijające się przy użyciu narzędzi cyfrowych. Autorka szuka odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy i jak funkcjonują w tej nowej technologicznej i kulturowej, a także komunikacyjnej rzeczywistości wywodzące się jeszcze z modernizmu mity literackie artysty oraz jakie nowe wzorce autorstwa pojawiają się w ich miejsce. Realizowane w przestrzeni polskiego Internetu postawy, obserwowane na przestrzeni ostatnich kilkunastu lat, autorka omawia na przykładach twórcy i teoretyka literatury Zenona Fajfera, cyberpoety i filozofa Romana Bromboszcza oraz dwóch projektów grupowych: działalności Hubu Wydawniczego Rozdzielczość Chleba (zakończonej w październiku 2018 roku) oraz utworu Piksel Zdrój, zainicjowanego i koordynowanego przez Mariusza Pisarskiego. Szkic ma charakter wstępnych ustaleń, które – także ze względu na naturę medium internetowego – podlegać muszą dalszym modyfikacjom.
ARTYSTA I MIT. WOKÓŁ TREŚCI UCZUCIOWEJ REWOLUCJI ANDRZEJA WRÓBLEWSKIEGO
Authors: Nowicka Daria
Published: April 2019

Niniejszy artykuł koncentruje się na obecności wyobraźni mitologicznej w twórczości jednego z najwybitniejszych malarzy powojennych. Autorka podejmuje w nim próbę zdefiniowania mitu obecnego w dziełach Andrzeja Wróblewskiego powstałych w latach czterdziestych i pięćdziesiątych. Zwraca uwagę na trzy możliwe sposoby jego odczytania. Stąd omówieniom poddaje mit orficki, mit odrzuconego artysty oraz mit nowego kosmosu. Interpretacja sztuki Andrzeja Wróblewskiego skierowana jest dodatkowo na omówienie kilku problemów, między innymi: statusu jego obrazów we współczesnej krytyce, rewersów biografii artystycznej, a także języków modernizmu, jakie od lat pięćdziesiątych funkcjonują w opowieściach o malarzu.
Influence of Production Parameters on the Content of Polyphenolic Compounds in Extruded Porridge Enriched with Chokeberry Fruit (Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott)
Authors: Oniszczuk Tomasz , Widelska Gabriela , Oniszczuk Anna , Kasprzak Kamila , Wójtowicz Agnieszka , Olech Marta , Nowak Renata , Kulesza Karolina Wojtunik- , Jóźwiak Grzegorz , Hajnos Monika Waksmundzka-
Published: April 2019

Chokeberry fruit (Aronia melanocarpa(Michx.) Elliott) is known for its antioxidant properties and generally beneficial impact on human health. The aim of the research was to produce innovative corn porridge with a different content of chokeberry fruit percentage-wise and to test it to determine the content of polyphenolic compounds, including flavonoids and individual free phenolic acids, and determine the antioxidant properties of analysed extracts. One of the objectives was also to identify the optimum porridge production parameters, including, among other things, the rotational speed of the extruder screw during the extrusion process.

Obtained results showed that an increased content of chokeberry fruit in porridge enhances its antioxidant properties, as well the content of polyphenols, flavonoids, and free phenolic acids. The greatest free radicals scavenging activity by all extracts was reported after 10 minutes of the process. The results of the above study demonstrate that extruded porridge enriched with chokeberry fruit have a potential for becoming a good source of natural antioxidants, and the extrusion process at 80 rpm does not degrade the tested active compounds.
High urate concentration is associated with elevated blood pressure in schoolchildren
Authors: Reis Luiza Naujorks , Reuter Cézane Priscila , Pollo Renner Jane Dagmar , Burgos Leandro Tibiriçá , Rech Franke Silvia Isabel , Burgos Miria Suzana
Published: April 2019

Background

Studies in adults have shown a relationship between high blood pressure and hyperuricemia, but few studies have investigated this association in children and adolescents. The aim of the present study was to associate urate concentration with systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in schoolchildren.

Methods

This cross-sectional study used a sample of 2335 schoolchildren in basic education between 7 and 17 years old. Blood pressure was classified by percentile according to Brazilian parameters for sex and age, reclassified into two categories: normal and borderline/hypertension. Blood collection to obtain serum for urate concentration analysis was performed after a 12-h fast. Values above 5.5 mg/dL were considered hyperuricemia. Descriptive data were presented in frequency and percentage. Linear regression and Poisson regression (prevalence ratio [PR]) was used to test the association between urate concentration and blood pressure.

Results

Urate concentration was weakly associated with SBP (β: 0.05; 95% CI: 0.02–0.08) and DBP (β: 0.03; 95% CI: 0.01–0.05) z-scores. Schoolchildren with hyperuricemia had a higher prevalence of high SBP (PR: 1.12; p<0.001) and DBP (PR: 1.08; p<0.001).

Conclusions

Elevated urate concentration is associated with altered blood pressure in schoolchildren.
Structure and dynamics of glass-forming alloy melts investigated by application of levitation techniques
Authors: Holland-Moritz Dirk , Nowak Benedikt , Yang Fan , Meyer Andreas
Published: April 2019

In this work results of studies on the short-range order and on the atomic dynamics in different stable and undercooled glass-forming metallic melts are reviewed. In order to undercool the melts deeply below the melting temperature and to avoid chemical reactions of the melts with crucible materials, the samples are containerlessly processed utilizing the electromagnetic or the electrostatic levitation technique. The short-range structure of the melts is studied by neutron diffraction, while the atomic dynamics are investigated by quasielastic neutron scattering. The relationship between short-range structure and atomic dynamics is discussed within the mode coupling theory of the glass transition. We will show that taking the time- and space-averaged structural information provided by measured partial structure factors as an input, mode coupling theory is able to explain the experimental results concerning the activation energies for self-diffusion and the coupling/decoupling behavior of the self-diffusion coefficients of the different alloy components.
The Effect of Altered pH on Push-Out Bond Strength of Biodentin, Glass Ionomer Cement, Mineral Trioxide Aggregate and Theracal
Authors: Makkar Sameer , Vashisht Ruchi , Kalsi Anita , Gupta Pranav
Published: April 2019

Introduction Throughout the history of dentistry, a wide variety of materials such as gold-foil, silver posts, amalgam, zinc oxide eugenol, glass ionomer cements, mineral trioxide aggregate have been used as retrograde fillings. Altered pH in periapical lesions can affect push-out bond strength of these materials. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of altered pH on push-out bond strength of Biodentin, Glass ionomer cement (GIC), Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and Theracal.

Material and Methods Forty-eight dentin slices of extracted single-rooted human teeth were sectioned and their canal portion instrumented to achieve a diameter of 1.4 mm. The specimens were then assigned into the four groups (one group for each material) with 12 samples in each group. All groups were further divided into 3 subgroups (with 4 specimens in each subgroup): acidic (butyric acid buffered at pH 6.4), neutral (phosphate buffer saline solution at pH 7.4) and alkaline (buffered potassium hydroxide at pH 8.4). Samples were incubated for 4 days at 37°C in acidic, neutral or alkaline medium. Push-out bond strength was measured using a Universal Testing Machine. The slices were examined under a stereomicroscope to determine the nature of bond failure.

Results GIC showed the highest bond strength (33.33MPa) in neutral and acidic medium (26.75MPa) compared to other materials. Biodentin showed the best result in alkaline medium.

Conclusion Altered pH level affected push-out bond strength of root end materials. GIC demonstrated good push-out bond strength that increased with decrease of pH whereas newer materials Biodentin and Theracal showed satisfying results in altered pH.
Implant Retained Orbital Prosthesis – Case Report/ Implantatno retinirana orbitalna proteza – prikaz slučaja
Authors: Lazić Vojkan , Konstantinović Vitomir , Djordjević Igor , Mihailović Milinko
Published: April 2019

Orbital defects after tumor resection (exenteration of orbital content) have been traditionally reconstructed with adhesive-retained craniofacial prostheses, also known as epistheses. The breakthrough in rehabilitation of facial defects with implant-retained prostheses has come with development of modern silicones (vynilpolysiloxane) and bone anchorage called osseointegration. Craniofacial implant technology offers improved reconstructive options to patients. This paper describes therapeutical procedure on a patient who received craniofacial implant-retained orbital prosthesis after orbital exenteration. The patient reported excellent prosthesis handling and stability
The effect of zinc oxide based sealer on bone defects healing
Authors: Nikolić Marija , Popović Jelena , Gašić Jovanka , Barac Radomir
Published: April 2019

Introduction Obturation as the final phase of endodontic treatment aims to provide complete hermetic filling along the entire length of the canal system from the coronal opening to the apical end. The aim of this study was to evaluate histological response of bone tissue on the implantaton of zinc oxide based material in artificially prepared defect in the mandible of rats.

Material and method For the experiment, sixteen male Wistar rats were used. Using sterile steel burs a defect was made in mandible, between the midline and mental foramen. Zinc oxide based sealer was implanted in the defects of experimental group while the defects of control group healed spontaneously. One half of animals in both groups were sacrificed after thirty days, and the second half after ninety days. Microscopic preparations consisted of the defect with surrounding bone and after processing were analysed using light microscopy.

Results The thirtieth day after implantation of the material, fibrovascular connective tissue was noted, with scant chronic inflammatory cell infiltrate. Away from the experimentally made defect, in the depth of the bone, lamellar bone with well-formed larger osteons was noted as well as enlarged Volkmann and Haversian canals. Ninety days after implantation of the material, there was no restitutio ad integrum, but intense focal remodelling of bone tissue was noted.

Conclusion Endomethasone N slowed down bone tissue healing process by showing the signs of prolonged inflammation in bone tissue in which it has been implanted. Extension of the healing process is reflected in the slow replacement of fibrovascular connective tissue with newly formed bone tissue.
Decoronation as an option for ridge preservation prior to implant placement
Authors: Dragović Miroslav , Pejović Marko , Stepić Jelena , Dragović Svetlana , Čolić Snježana
Published: April 2019

Decoronation is a surgical procedure based on idea of sectioning tooth crown and maintaining the root in situ with intention to preclude occurrence of severe deformities of bone and soft tissue which may aggravate later rehabilitation of patient.

The aim of this report is to present the use of decoronation in a young adult patient as a solution in order to preserve sufficient amount of bone for delayed implant placement and decrease volume of grafting material to a minimum. Obtained results showed this procedure may greatly improve anatomical conditions for implant placement while reducing invasiveness and required financial means.
On the immediate and dynamical interpretants and objects of signs
Authors: Hilpinen Risto
Published: April 2019

In his semiotic system Peirce distinguished between two interpretants and two objects of a sign: an immediate and a dynamical interpretant, and an immediate and a dynamical object. It is argued that Peirce’s immediate object can be interpreted a qua-object which has the dynamical object as its basis, and the dynamical interpretant consists of an interpreter’s conception of the object of the sign. Peirce semiotic system is compared with the accounts given by Frege, Husserl, Meinong, and the Stoics.
Advances in Cement Analysis and Concrete Petrography
Authors: Cong Derek , Broton Don
Published: April 2019

Description

Learn more about new supplementary cementitious materials and recent developments in cement analysis and concrete petrography.

You’ll get 12 peer-reviewed papers that cover a broad range of subjects related to material characterizations in the construction industry, including

The papers presented in this book were part of the international symposium on Advances in Cement Analysis and Concrete Petrography held in San Diego, CA, in June 2018.
Using Fluorescent Microscopy as a Tool in the Determination of Water to Cementitious Binder Ratios in Hardened Concrete Samples
Authors: Sibbick Richard G. , LaFleur Callie , Garrity Steven
Published: April 2019

The relationship between the water to cement (w/cm) ratio of a cement-based matrix and its capillary porosity is well documented. It is also well documented that this relationship extends to light intensity of the cement paste matrix using the fluorescence technique. It is also well reported that for 28-day-old portland cement–only (PC-only) concrete mixes hydrated under normal conditions, this relationship is reliable for w/cm ratio assessments between 0.35 and 0.70. This study confirmed that a similar linear relationship exists with concrete mixes containing various supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) with differing w/cm ratios. It also showed, however, a consistently higher fluorescence developed at 28 days of age with these various SCM-containing mixes when compared with the equivalent PC-only references. The light intensity of the various SCM mixes appeared to relate more to the relative amounts of SCM material and to a lesser degree the material’s apparent translucency or coloration. Finally, this paper described the findings from a set of companion test samples produced at a greater age (18 months), which showed that the same linear relationship between w/cm ratio and fluorescent light intensity existed for all the mixes and showed that, in most cases, the differences between SCM-containing mixes and the equivalent PC-only mixes was reduced. The 18-month-old samples containing SCMs, however, still exhibited a greater fluorescent light intensity than the equivalent PC-only samples. This finding underscored the absolute requirement for appropriate reference samples when applying this technique to mixes containing SCMs.
Application of Individual Glass Particle Data to Estimate Uncertainties in Bulk Fly Ash Chemical Compositions
Authors: Livingston Richard A. , Bumrongjaroen Walairat , Essien Samuel , Amde Amde M.
Published: April 2019

The conventional method of characterizing the chemical composition of fly ashes is by bulk X-ray fluorescence (XRF). Various indices of reactivity are then calculated from this set of elemental data, for example, the sum of aluminum oxide + silicon dioxide + iron(III) oxide for ASTM C618. The drawback of this approach is that it does not provide an estimate of the uncertainties in the index. For example, the C618 index of a subbituminous coal fly ash determined by bulk XRF is 74.5 %. This is greater than the boundary of 70 % between Class C and Class F ash, and hence it would be assigned to Class F. The mean value calculated from the surface-weighted average of 10,000 glass particles analyzed for chemical composition by automated scanning electron microscopy (ASEM) is 57.8 % ± 18.3 %, which is toward the lower limit of 50 % for the Class C region. Moreover, the frequency distribution is very non-Gaussian and skewed toward the lower values so that the median value is 53 %, which is nearly sub-Class C. This large variance makes any classification system using an index based on bulk composition meaningless. To reduce this variance, the total population of glass particle compositions was divided into a set of clusters, each with a mean chemical composition and a specified band of uncertainty. These clusters typically were observed in glass particle data and presumably were related to the chemical compositions of clay minerals in the coal that was the source of the fly ash. A classification system then could be developed as a set of standard glass compositions with known reactivities. Future research for the development of a standard classification system includes the number of standard glasses, their reactivities, and specifications for the ASEM procedure.
Use of the Damage Rating Index as Input for Service Life Prediction in Alkali-Silica Reaction Affected Concrete
Authors: Shrimer Fred
Published: April 2019

The Damage Rating Index (DRI) was developed in the 1990s as a petrographic examination-based tool to assist in characterizing the amount of damage present in concrete caused by the effects of alkali-silica reaction (ASR), specifically in dams. The DRI provides a readily understood numeric index of the amount of damage in concrete on a scale in which low DRI values indicate little or negligible effects, whereas higher DRI values correspond with a greater number of effects, typically also associated with damage of increasing concern. Details of the approach that is used in the DRI analysis of ASR-affected concrete are provided, including a discussion of the relative merits of each of the characteristics that produce a DRI value for concrete. Different emphases as well as different methodologies, when applied, have been observed to result in significant variability of the results. The DRI can also indicate the likelihood of further expansion, as well as the degree of such expansion. These inputs can support or inform an assessment of the overall service life of individual concrete elements when compared with other concrete of similar composition. The paper examined methods of this application of the DRI procedure and provided examples from projects.
Estado y sociedad en el Uruguay a comienzos del siglo XXI analizados desde la teoría marxista
Authors: B. Gómez Eduardo
Published: April 2019

La crisis es una característica esencial de la teoría marxista, lo cual no significa su caducidad histórica. Esto es así ya que para comprender las características concretas de las estructuras de dominación ideológica, política, etc., la teoría marxista debe ser capaz de analizar en el curso viviente del cambio histórico los cambios de ese mundo y los cambios del modo de cambio mismo. De esto se desprende que existe únicamente como investigación constantemente revisada que interviene en una totalidad en permanente cambio. Desde esta perspectiva teórico-metodológica nos proponemos realizar un bosquejo de la realidad uruguaya durante el período del Estado de compromiso y luego de él, para poder averiguar cuales son los conceptos que nos impiden comprender la nueva situación pero que fueron apropiados para comprender las situaciones pasadas. Proponiéndonos también la elaboración de conceptos que nos permitan comprender la nueva situación.
Discursos y "paltas" de los jóvenes universitarios sobre su sexualidad en un marco de relaciones igualitarias
Authors: Fermi Ennio , Malaspina Luis , Ossio Juan Luis , Pancorbo Aldo
Published: April 2019

En el marco de las relaciones igualitarias que comienzan a tejerse entre hombres y mujeres, el presente trabajo explora el tema de los temores o «paltas» que los jóvenes varones de hoy experimentan ante estos cambios. La pregunta central se refiere a ¿qué ocurre con los jóvenes que al ser socializados en un patrón tradicional se tienen que enfrentar a un espacio social en el que las relaciones de género se reconfiguran y dan lugar a nuevas prácticas sexuales como son las relaciones casuales o también llamadas sin compromiso? Ello se responde estableciendo una tipología preliminar de «paltas» que permite dar cuenta de este fenómeno que se constituye en el mundo juvenil limeño. A través del análisis de los discursos de los jóvenes estudiantes hombres de una universidad privada se podrán arrojar nuevas luces acerca de la transición del modelo tradicional basado en la dominación masculina al modelo liberador reciente que tiende a igualar las relaciones de género.
El estilo de la cerámica Casma del Intermedio Tardío
Authors: Bastiand Atto María Soledad
Published: April 2019

El presente artículo presenta el estilo de la cerámica Casma, definido como tal a través del análisis tipológico realizado con la cerámica procedente del sitio arqueológico «Cerro Sechín», localizado a 370 km al norte de la ciudad de Lima, muy cerca de la ciudad de Casma (Ancash). En esta oportunidad presento los resultados hallados en el Sector C en su totalidad, por representar una muestra significativa tanto en calidad como cantidad, un total de 58,127 fragmentos. También se estudiaron las vasijas completas y semicompletas. De los sectores «A» y «B» sólo se analizaron las vasijas completas. Este análisis se llevó a cabo bajo el marco del Proyecto Arqueológico de Sechín, con el auspicio económico de la Fundación Volkswagenwerk en convenio con la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú y el Instituto Nacional de Cultura.