bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cloud Type Classification for Prediction of Rain Fall using CNN
Authors: Sarkar Anuska , Bhowmik Riya , Shaw Chetan , Bhattacharjee Arijit , Saha Ipsita , Kundu Srabani , Chandra Sayani , Mitra Sourish
Published: June 2023

Abstract: In order to forecast the climate, clouds are essential. Prediction of rainfall is also greatly influenced by the quantity and nature of clouds in the atmosphere. As a result, the most fascinating and important subject in meteorology is cloud identification, which also draws the most researchers from other fields. The transfer learning method used in this article to forecast rainfall using ground-based cloud images is presented. By classifying the type of cloud using cloud image input, it will be able to forecast the expected amount of rainfall. Based on the associated Precipitation that caused the appropriate Rainfall, the cloud images in the dataset are divided into three groups (classes) labeled as no rain to very low rain, low to medium rain, and medium to high rain. In this paper using CNN the classification of rainfall was done
Effect of Percentage Seeding on Strength of High Strength Concrete
Authors: Ahmad Mr. Shaikh Faisal Muntaqueem Farkhund , Sawai Prof. Girish
Published: June 2023

Abstract: Seeding is one of the techniques of producing high strength concrete. There is very few research done on effect of seeding on high strength concrete. Hence, it was decided that investigation on seeding effect should be carried out. The research describes the effect of various percentage of seeding by weight of cement (i.e. 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10%) on the strength of high strength concrete of M50 grade. The seeding used in this research is the powder of partially hydrated cement mortar cubes of 3 days, 7days, 14 days, 21 days, 28 days age. The relatively small percentage of seeding i.e. 4% gives good result. Due to 4% seeding powder the increase in strength is 25.41% as compared to the strength of plain M50 concrete. The seeding powder of 14 days age gives good strength as compared to other ages seeding powder.
Comparison on the Behaviour of Bamboo and Polypropylene Fibre in Soil Stabilization
Authors: Kiranpriyaa S. , Rama Dr. M.
Published: June 2023

Abstract: In the practice of geotechnical engineering, soil improvement is regarded as one of the most significant solutions, particularly in the case of weak soil conditions. Expansive soil exposed to climatic changes and moisture content, experiences a significant volume shift. Building foundations, paving structures, irrigation systems, and other geotechnical engineering projects are just a few examples. To prevent swelling and shrinkage characteristics, stabilizing the expansive soil is crucial. For considerations of sustainability and economy, stabilizing material selection is crucial. In this project, the soil stabilization is accomplished using reasonably priced and easily accessible materials like bamboo fiber and polypropylene fibre. Soil is replaced by NaOH treated bamboo fibre from 0.2 to 1% at the interval of 0.2% and the same is repeated by replacing the soil with 1% to 3% at the interval of 0.5%. It was observed that, there is marginal increase in dry density of the treated soil samples and reduction compressibility. The maximum Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) was obtained for optimum 0.4% of bamboo fibre and 1.5% of polypropylene fibre with replacement of soil. The performance of bamboo fibre was compared with that of polypropylene fibre. The bamboo fibre showed better results than polypropylene fibre.
The Use of Permeable Concrete for Making of Pavement Blocks
Authors: Patil Amrut
Published: June 2023

Abstract: Urbanization has replaced previous vegetative lands with impervious surfaces such as pavement, which reduces the area where infiltration to groundwater can occur, thus increasing surface runoff into streams or accumulation of stormwater that can lead to flooding. Stormwater must be drained from the roadway to protect pavement and travellers from water-related damage. The use of permeable pavement allows stormwater to move through the pavement layers (away from the road surface), where it can either infiltrate the soil and groundwater or drain to the road shoulder, where it is collected for treatment as needed. There is limited evidence, however, regarding any traffic safety issues associated with stormwater and the type of permeable pavement suitable for various traffic requirements.
Emulgel: A Novel Strategy for Enhanced the Topical Drug Delivery
Authors: Saini Ritika , Koundal Abhay , Kumar Pravin , Kumari Dimple , Ashawat Mahendra Singh
Published: June 2023

Abstract: Background: The study of pharmaceutical science has developed through time and is now of greatest importance in the current battle against sickness. Research on the utilization of biomolecules, such as medicines and proteins, to cure disease has advanced significantly in recent years. To induce a localizing effect or cure dermatological conditions, doctors can prescribe pharmaceuticals directly to the skin using a topical drug delivery device. Gels have been used in both medical and cosmetic formulations, unlike other dosage forms. An emulsion that has been combined with gel is known as emulgel. Emulgel is a topical drug delivery technology that has a dual release control mechanism that incorporates both gel and emulsion. Objective: Drug distribution of hydrophobic substances via the skin is the main objective of emulgel. Emulgels exhibit a dual release control system, i.e., an emulsion and a gel. A traditional emulsion becomes an emulgel when a gelling ingredient is included in the water phase. Conclusion: They will also become the best way for mixing water-soluble gel bases with hydrophobic medications. In addition, a number of permeation boosters can boost the effect, making Emulgel a more effective topical medication delivery route than the ones now in use. It is possible to extend the use of emulgel to include analgesics, antiinflammatory, antifungal, anti-acne, and different cosmetic compositions.
Estimation of Correction of Ground State Energy of Hydrogen Atom in Presence of Quadratic GUP
Authors: Barman Himangshu , Mandal Palash
Published: June 2023

Abstract: String Theory, Quantum Geometry, Loop Quantum Gravity and Black Hole physic all predict the existence of a observable minimal length at Planck scale. For example, in case of string theory it is conjectured that a particle described as a string does not interact at distances smaller than its size. As a consequence, the HUP has to be generalized to take into account this aspect. The models which are designed to implement the minimal length scale and/or the maximum momentum in different physical systems entered into the literature as the Generalized Uncertainty Principle (GUP). Here, quadratic GUP model has been used to estimate the quantum-gravitational correction of ground state energy of hydrogen atom (H-atom).
Mobile Crane for Workshop
Authors: Panhalkar Ashitosh , Sonavane Karan , Gaikwad Tejas , Borate Akshay , Nevase Gourav , Gundage Prof. V. V.
Published: June 2023

Abstract: In material handling, the cranes play a vital role in modern manufacturing industries. In our project we aim to fabricate a hydraulic operated floor crane for handling various kinds of materials. The hydraulic floor crane consists of mast, boom, base, lift cylinder, hand lever, hook and wheels. The hydraulic cylinder is pumped with the help of hand lever at the same time the material with the help of hook and hydraulic cylinder released to the pressure valve so the material is unloaded. The material from one place goes to the other place with the help of hydraulic floor crane. The crane reduces the worker’s fatigue and increases the overall efficiency of production process with good safety. The crane is fabricated with complete clear front, small compact frame, good reach, high lift. The crane has the capacity of lifting 250kg to half ton with wide spread application in the shop floor. Thus the floor crane would serve as a safe and versatile model for material handling operations.
ONLINE TRAINING ON OBESITY PREVENTION DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC FOR STUDENTS OF SMP MUHAMMADIYAH 4 AND 36 DKI JAKARTA PROVINCE
Authors: Handayani Sarah , Maulida Nursyifa Rahma , Hidayati  , Arumsari Imas
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Obesity in children is one of the public health problems at the world level that is worrying because the trend of increasing prevalence continues to increase. Obese children are more likely to be obese in adulthood. The method used in this community service is divided into two methods, the first is training on the identification of obesity risk behavior in adolescents, the second is training on prevention of obesity risk behavior in adolescents. This intervention aims to evaluate whether online training for the prevention of COVID-19 can increase the average knowledge score of respondents and whether this method is well accepted. The results of the intervention showed an increase in the mean value of participants' knowledge. In the pre-test the average was 6,69, while the average in the post-test rose to 7,93. This online training on COVID-19 prevention was also well received by the participants and also the Principal. To prevent the increased risk of obesity in junior high school students, schools need to collaborate with other institutions in order to carry out online training.

Keywords : COVID-19 prevention, adolescence, junio high school Muhammadiyah
Organizational Learning—Continuous Improvement for Patients’ Safety Climate: A PLS-SEM Analysis
Authors: Wibowo Suryo , Christian Michael , Sunarno Sunarno , Melati Rima , Winata Susanty Dewi
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
The same awareness and perception of health professionals in hospitals regarding a patient-centered safetyclimate is very likely to be found to be non-uniform. Indeed, this will have an impact on organizational learning—continuous improvement, which is also linked to management support. Using these two aspects, this study intendsto investigate the determinants of organizational learning—continuous improvement. This is a quantitative studythat used a randomized survey of 48 health professionals working in hospitals throughout Indonesia. Data wascollected using a questionnaire as a research instrument, and the analysis tool in this study was structuralequation modeling—partial least squares with SmartPLS. The findings of this study support that safety climatehas a significant impact on organizational learning—continuous improvement (p = 0.007). This study's nextfinding explains that management support has a significant effect on organizational learning—continuousimprovement (p = 0.003). In this study, management support had no moderating effect (p = 0.127). According tothis study, 70.4 percent of organizations use safety climate and management support to measure organizationallearning and continuous improvement.
Keywords: Safety Climate, Safety Management, Patient Safety, Organizational Learning, Health Professionals
USE OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY IN INFORMAL ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING: HOW THE PRACTICES SUPPORT LEARNING OUTCOMES?
Authors: Rahman Laila Thahira , Supraptiningsih Nurhandayani , Pratiwi Septia Kusumaning , Nupus Asha Maharani
Published: June 2023

Informal digital learning of English (IDLE) is Benson’s conceptual framework that refer to the context where English language learners learn English, in which they can learn the language beyond classroom. The framework can be applied with any digital media. The present study was conducted by means of surveys and open-ended questions to investigate how students in an Islamic university in Jakarta used digital technology and how it supported their English learning outcome. The survey of the use of digital devices for English learning was adapted, and the open- ended questions were developed to find out more information about the way how they use the digital tools beyond classroom English learning activities. To analyze the data, descriptive quantitative and thematic analysis were employed. And the results show that several digital applications were used by the students of teacher training education faculty to help them learn English vocabulary and the way how they used them were discussed.
Potensi Daun Tanaman Pucuk Merah (Syzygium myrtifolium Walp.) Sebagai Agen Antibakteri Terhadap Streptococcus mutans
Authors: Syafriana Vilya , Wiranti Yayu
Published: June 2023

Pucuk merah merupakan tanaman yang memiliki dua warna daun, yaitu bagian pucuk berwarna merah dan bagian lainnya berwarna hijau. Beberapa penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa daun dari tanaman ini memiliki aktivitas antibakteri, namun aktivitasnya terhadap Streptococcus mutans belum pernah dilaporkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri dari ekstrak daun merah dan daun hijau tanaman pucuk merah terhadap bakteri S. mutans. Ekstraksi daun dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 70%. Uji aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode difusi cakram untuk menentukan nilai Diameter Daya Hambat (DDH) dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Konsentrasi Hambat Minimum (KHM) dengan metode dilusi padat. Hasil uji menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun hijau memiliki nilai DDH pada konsentrasi 10%, 20%, 40%, 80% secara berurutan sebesar 8,51±0,26 mm; 10,30±0,08  mm; 11,21±0,06 mm; dan 12,57±0,15 mm; sedangkan daun merah dengan konsentrasi yang sama memiliki DDH sebesar 9,04±0,45 mm; 10,79±0,63 mm; 11,87±0,39 mm; dan 13,35±0,93 mm.  Hasil uji KHM menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun hijau dan daun merah memiliki hasil yang sama, yaitu pada konsentrasi 2% masih mampu menghambat pertumbuhan S. mutans. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai KHM ekstrak daun pucuk merah belum dapat ditentukan. Akan tetapi, data ini mengindikasikan bahwa daun tanaman pucuk merah berpotensi sebagai agen antibakteri terhadap S. mutans.
Masih Adakah Lokalitas dalam Sastra Digital? Sebuah Kajian Estetika Lokal
Authors: Rohman Saifur
Published: June 2023

Makalah ini memfokuskan pada pelacakan bahasa ibu dalam eskrepsi estetis di Youtube, Instagram, Fanfiction Wattpad, dan Tiktok. Endraswara (2013) mendefinisikan “cybersastra” sebagai aktivitas sastra yang memanfaatkan internet. Selama  dua dekade, terdapat dua gelombang sastra internet. Pertama memindahkan sastra cetak menjadi sastra digital. Semula karya sastra dimuat di koran atau buku, kini dimuat di laman sehingga praktik ini dapat disebut digitalisasi sastra cetak. Gelombang kedua, meninggalkan sejarah sastra cetak menuju sastra multimedia.  Karya sastra ini memanfaatkan musik, video, desain grafis, serta tuturan pengarang. Sisa-sisa sastra cetak tidak lagi bisa dikenali seperti halaman Prancis, data buku, ISBN, maupun kota terbit. Sastra ini hanya bisa diperiksa melalui akun, alamat laman, dan media. Selain empat media sebagai objek kajian itu telah menjadi tren, secara objektif masing-masing usia program terapan itu relatif aktual dalam 10 tahun terakhir. Wattpad berdiri pada 2006 dengan jumlah 15 juta pengguna, 400 juta cerita dan diakuisi pada Januari 2021 oleh Naver Corporation, Instagram berdiri pada 2010, Tiktok didirikan pada 2016 dan 2019 sudah terdapat 500 pengguna aktif di seluruh dunia, dan Youtube berdiri pada 2005. Metode kajian adalah antropologi virtual, yakni sebuah eksperimen teoretis yang didasarkan pada disiplin antropologi di satu sisi dan realitas simulakrum di sisi lain. Hasilnya adalah sebuah gambaran bahasa ibu dari aspek sejarah, asal-usul, serta kultur manusia dan sastra virtual. Pertama, dari sisi genre teks, peran bahasa ibu menjadi bagian penting dalam genre sastra didaktik dan sastra populer. Kedua, secara naratif, selain lebih sering menggunakan sapaan “bro”, “guys”, yang berasal dari bahasa inggris, sapaan bahasa daerah digunakan sebagai bagian dari politik identitas. Ketiga, dalam tuturan naratif, logat bahasa daerah dimanfaatkan untuk menampilkan tokoh-tokoh yang polos atau naif. Hasil penelitian ini bermanfaat untuk pengembangan leksikografi, ilmu sastra, serta antropologi postmodern.
Penggunaan Fermentasi Kulit Apel Sebagai Bahan Pengganti Ragi Dalam Pembuatan Sourdough Bread
Authors: Ardhiyuda Jonathan Irvani , Aprinica Ni Putu Isha
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini meneliti tentang pemanfaatan air fermentasi kulit apel sebagai bahan Sourdough Bread dikarenakan masih banyaknya kulit apel malang yang tidak dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat hal tersebut membuat peneliti berkeinginan untuk meneliti hal tersebut. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif yang mana menggunakan uji organoleptik, teknik pengumpulan data berupa kuisioner dan observasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa Sourdough Bread menggunakan air fermentasi kulit apel mendapat respon yang baik dari panelis dengan batas waktu simpan disuhu ruangan tiga hari tanpa adanya perubahan rasa, tekstur, aroma, dan warna.
 
This study examines the use of fermented apple skin water as an ingredient for sourdough bread because there are still many poor apple skins that are not used by the community, this makes researchers want to research it. This type of research is a quantitative study which uses organoleptic tests, data collection techniques in the form of questionnaires and observations. Based on the results of the study, it was found that Sourdough Bread using fermented apple peel water received a good response from the panelists with a storage time limit of three days at room temperature without any changes in taste, texture, aroma, and color.
Pengaruh Jenis Gula Terhadap Hasil Pembuatan Cookies
Authors: Liman Lusia Stefanie , Sudiarta I Nyoman
Published: June 2023

Cookies merupakan salah satu makanan ringan yang sangat diminati oleh kalangan mulai dari anak-anak hingga dewasa, biasanya cookies sering dijadikan camilan peneman minum the atau kopi. Banyak cookies yang dibuat dengan jenis gula yang berbeda seperti menggunakan gula pasir dan gula aren. jika dibandingkan dengan gula pasir, gula aren memiliki gizi yang lebih tinggi dan pantas dijadikan alternatif sebagai pemanis yang lebih sehat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana tekstur dan rasa cookies yang diolah dengan gula aren dan gula pasir serta mengetahui jenis gula yang menghasilkan cookies paling enak.Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif, yaitu jenis data yang seluruh informasinya dikumpulkan dari lapangan yang akan dinyatakan dalam bentuk angka. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu tekstur cookies yang diolah dengan gula aren memiliki tekstur cukup renyah, sedangkan cookies dengan gula pasir memiliki tekstur renyah. Rasa dari cookies yang diolah dengan gula aren memiliki rasa cukup enak, sedangkan cookies yang diolah dengan gula pasir memiliki rasa sangat enak dan dapat disimpulkan bahwa jenis gula yang menghasilkan cookies paling enak yaitu gula pasir.
 
Cookies are one of the snacks that are in great demand by people ranging from children to adults, usually cookies are often used as a snack to accompany drinking tea or coffee. Many cookies are made with different types of sugar such as using granulated sugar and palm sugar. When compared to granulated sugar, palm sugar has a higher nutritional value and deserves to be used as an alternative as a healthier sweetener. This study aims to determine the texture and taste of cookies processed with palm sugar and granulated sugar and to determine the type of sugar that produces the most delicious cookies. The data analysis technique used is descriptive quantitative, which is the type of data in which all information is collected from the field which will be expressed in the form of numbers. The result of this research is that the texture of cookies processed with palm sugar has a fairly crunchy texture, while cookies with granulated sugar have a crunchy texture. The taste of cookies processed with palm sugar has a fairly good taste, while cookies processed with granulated sugar have a very good taste and it can be concluded that the type of sugar that produces the most delicious cookies is granulated sugar.
Pengaruh Jenis Lemak Terhadap Hasil Pembuatan Roti
Authors: Nixon Michael , Rinayanthi Ni Made
Published: June 2023

Roti adalah salah satu jenis makanan yang memiliki popularitas dan minat yang cukup tinggi di semua kalangan usia mulai dari anak-anak sampai dewasa, biasanya roti sering dijadikan sarapan atau seringkali roti dijadikan sebagai menu sarapan atau sekedar peneman untuk minum kopi atau teh. Jenis lemak yang digunakan dalam pembuatan roti dapat menentukan kualitas dan daya tahan roti yang dihasilkan serta biaya produksi yang dikeluarkan. Adapun manfaat dari penelitian yang dilakukan adalah untuk memberikan tambahan pengetahuan mengenai jenis lemak terbaik yang menghasilkan kualitas roti yang paling baik. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dimana seluruh jenis informasi data yang diperoleh dari lapangan dinyatakan dalam bentuk angka. Hasil dari penelitian ini, tekstur yang mendapatkan point tertinggi adalah mentega dengan 4,2 dan margarin 3,5 dan untuk rasa mentega mendapatkan poin 4,6 dan margarin 3,9. Biaya produksi yang dikeluarkan untuk 16 biji roti adalah Rp. 20.369.
 
Bread is a type of food that is quite popular and in demand by various groups ranging from children to adults. Bread is frequently used as breakfast or as a companion to drink coffee or tea. The use of various types of fat in the production of bread to determine quality, durability, and production costs. The benefit of this research is that it increases knowledge about the quality of good bread by using the best fat. The descriptive quantitative data analysis technique was used in the research, which is the type of data in which all information is collected from the field and expressed numerically. The results of this study show that the texture that gets the highest point is butter with 4.2 and margarine 3.5 and for the taste of butter it gets 4.6 points and margarine 3.9. The production cost for 16 loaves of bread is Rp. 20,369.
EPR Analysis of Dinitrobenzoic Acid Anion Radicals
Authors: YOLBURUN Hüsnü , UCUN Fatih
Published: June 2023

EPR hyperfine coupling constants of dinitrobenzoic acid anion radicals were calculated by using (DFT) with the use of B3LYP functional at LanL2DZ, LanL2MB, EPR-II, EPR-III, 6-31+G(d) and 6-31++ G(d,p) basis sets. It was found that LanL2DZ is the best basis set from the correlation graphs between the theoretical and experimental results. Thus, in this set, the hyperfine structures formed EPR spectra and the distributions of the spin density of all the anion radicals were determined. From the optimized structures of all the radicals it was decided whether the nitro groups are out of plane or not. The reason of the different distributions of the spin density on the nitro groups were also investigated by Natural Bond Orbital (NBO) and Mulliken charge analyses. In these analyses, the interactions of the nitro groups with the ring were examined. The NBO analysis the anion radical of 2,4-dinitrobenzoic acid showed that there is a strong O-H…O hydrogen bond interaction (182.8 kcal/mol) between the carboxyl and nitro groups. The simulated EPR spectra of some radicals obtained by EPR Simulator software program were harmoniously given with together their experimental spectra.
Development of Teaching Materials Linear Program based on Problem-Based Learning Assisted by Geogebra Applications
Authors: Zebua Arisman , Sugandi Asep Ikin , Sabandar Jozua
Published: June 2023

This study aims to develop teaching materials for linear programming based on Problem Based Learning assisted by GeoGebra applications that are valid, practical, and effective. The type of research used is a type of development research using the 4-D development model. The 4-D development model consists of the Define, design, develop, and disseminate phases. This study only reached the development stage. The research subjects were class XI SMA Negeri 2 Toma students. The instruments used were material expert and media expert validation sheets as well as student response practicality sheets and mathematical problem-solving ability tests. Based on the results of the research that has been done, it is found that the analysis of the validation results of material experts is 3.65 with a percentage of 73.06% in the valid category, and media expert validation is 4.08 with a percentage of 81.67% in the valid category. In the limited test, analysis of the results of the practicality sheet of 10 students obtained an average percentage of 73.73% in the practical category, and in the broad test of 29 students obtained an average percentage of 89.33% in the very practical category. In the effectiveness test, it was found that 71.25% was inÂ  good category. Thus, it can be concluded that the linear program teaching materials based on problem-based learning assisted by the GeoGebra application meet valid and practical criteria and are suitable for use in learning, and can be effective in facilitating mathematical problem-solving skills.
The Development of SOLMAT (Solution Math) Application on Basic Mathematics Material for Improve Learning Outcomes
Authors: Wiyatno Toyo , Hidayat Wahyu
Published: June 2023

Only 28% of students in Indonesia are capable of interpreting problems into mathematical models, due to their lack of understanding of basic mathematical concepts. The purpose of stimulating and guided training is to provide students with a good understanding of problem solving in mathematics. Based on this concept, the purpose of developing the Basic Mathematical Solution Application (SOLMATDAS) is to provide understanding to students with guided training using android as the medium. Media development follows the 4D methodology (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate), with media and ICT validation by each expert and media effectiveness by learning participants. from the results of the validation test, the percentage of learning expert validation was 90% and ICT expert validation was 90.2%, so the media can be categorized as very valid and can be used as a learning media, whereas after dissemination and testing the effectiveness of the media in obtaining pretest and posttest scores it was carried out by teacher to students in one class. The results of processing the pre-test and post-test statistics obtained a significance value of 0.038, because the significance is less than 0.05 which means there are differences in learning outcomes using SOLMAT and direct learning. From these results it can be concluded that the use of the SOLMAT application can assist in advanced mathematics learning activities which requires an understanding of basic mathematical concepts.
The Development of Discovery Learning Assisted by Geogebra and Assemblr Edu Application to Increase Juinor High School Studentsâ€™ Understanding Ability on Geometry
Authors: Prasetiawati Raden Astri , Hidayat Wahyu , Hendriana Heris
Published: June 2023

Mathematics is a subject that has an important role in human life. The goal of learning mathematics at school is an understanding of mathematical concepts. Students must have an understanding of mathematical concepts after the mathematics learning process takes place. Students who have an understanding of mathematical concepts will be able to explain related concepts and apply them. This study aims to develop a discovery-based method of learning using Geogebra and Assemblr Edu applications to understand geometric concepts in junior high school students. This study uses the Multimedia Development Life Cycle (MDLC) model. Data collection was carried out by means of interviews and questionnaires. Media validation is based on material review experts and media experts. Data analysis technique by conducting qualitative descriptive analysis based on the validation of material experts and media experts. The average percentage score from material experts is 94.7% and the average percentage score from media experts is 95.8% indicating that the development of discovery-based method learning using the Geogebra and Assemblr Edu applications is feasible to use as an alternative solution to understanding geometry concepts in junior high school students. The author suggests that the learning media that has been designed can be tested on class IX junior high school students so that it can be useful for students to understand Geometry material. And in addition, further research can be carried out to determine the effectiveness of the learning media that have been made.
Analysis of Mathematical Creative Thinking Ability on Junior High School Students in Bandung
Authors: Setiawan Hikmal , Fitriani Nelly
Published: June 2023

This research is motivated by the importance of quadrilateral material in mathematics lessons, especially for students as an educational subject in everyday life, while the aim is to analyze studentsâ€™ mathematical creative thinking abilities in solving quadrilateral problems. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The population in this study were all seventh-grade junior high school students in the city of Bandung whose sample was randomly selected at Paulus Middle School as many as 32 people. Students can be classified based on their creative thinking abilities based on (1) the Ability creative thinking of students with the high category is fulfilling 3 indicators of creative thinking namely fluency, flexibility, and novelty, so students with the high category is said to be creative. (2) Students' ability to think creatively with the medium category is fulfilling 2 indicators of creative thinking, namely fluency and flexibility, so students in the medium category are said to be not creative. (3) The creative thinking ability of students in the low category is fulfilling 1 indicators of creative thinking are fluency and students in the moderate category said students who are not creative. Data is obtained by testing creative thinking test questions as many as 4 questions that contain indicators. The results showed that there were 2 people with high ability, 4 people with moderate ability, and 26 people with low ability with various errors including conceptual errors, principal errors, and data operation errors. Based on this, it can be concluded that the creative thinking skills of junior high school students are still relatively low.
Low Plasma Insulin Level Prolonged Hypoglycemia after High dose Insulin Lispro Injection
Authors: Kang Jeong Ho , Park Hyun Soo
Published: June 2023

Increased plasma insulin levels are often observed in exogenous insulin overdose patients. However, plasma insulin level may decrease with time. We report a case of low plasma insulin level hypoglycemia after insulin lispro overdose. The patient was a 37-year-old man with no previous medical history who suspected insulin lispro overdose. Upon arrival, his Glasgow coma scale was 3 points and his blood sugar level (BSL) was 24 mg/dl. We found five humalog-quick-pen (insulin lispro) in his bag. There was no elevation of glucose level, despite an initial 50 ml bolus of 50% glucose and 150 cc/hr of 10% dextrose continuous intravenous infusion. He also suffered from generalized tonic-clonic seizure, which was treated with lorazepam and phenytoin. We conducted endotracheal intubation, after which he was admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). There were recurrent events of hypoglycemia below BSL<50 mg/dl after admission. We repeatedly infused 50 ml 50% glucose 10 times and administered 1 mg of glucagon two times. The plasma insulin level was 0.2 uU/ml on initial blood sampling and 0.2 uU/ml after 5 hours. After 13 hours, his BSL stabilized but his mental status had not recovered. Diffuse brain injury was observed upon magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and severe diffuse cerebral dysfunction was found on electroencephalography (EEG). Despite 35 days of ICU care, he died from ventilator associated pneumonia.
Hypoalbuminemia as a Predictor of 30-day Mortality in Patients with Acute Organophosphate Insecticide Poisoning
Authors: Kim So Yeon , Lee Ryun Kyung , Kim Tae hu , Kim Dong Hoon , Kim Taeyun , Lee Soo Hoon , Jeong Jin Hee , Lee Sang Bong , Kang Changwoo
Published: June 2023

Purpose: The association of hypoalbuminemia with 30-day in-hospital mortality in patients with organophosphate insecticide poisoning (OPI) was studied. Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted between January 2006 and November 2013 in the emergency department (ED) after OPI poisoning. A Kaplan-Meier 30-day survival curve and the log-rank test were used to analyze patients stratified according to serum albumin levels on ED admission (hypoalbuminemia or normo-albuminemia). Independent risk factors including hypoalbuminemia for 30-day mortality were determined by multivariate Cox regression analysis. Results: A total of 135 patients were included. Eighty-eight (65%) patients were male and the mean age was $57.3{pm}17.0$ years. Serum albumin, mean arterial pressure, and Glasgow coma scale score were significantly higher in the survival group than the non-survival group. APACHE II score was significantly lower in the non-survival group than the survival group. The mortality of the hypoalbuminemia group (serum albumin <3.5 g/dl) was 68.8%, while that of the normo-albuminemia group (serum albumin ${geq}3.5g/dl$) was 15.1%. The area under the ROC curve of the serum albumin level was 0.786 (95% CI, 0.690-0.881) and the APACHE II score was 0.840 (95% CI, 0.770-0.910). Conclusion: Hypoalbuminemia is associated with 30-day mortality in patients with OPI poisoning.
Implementing Best Practice in Critically Ill Organophosphate Poisoned Patient Through Simulation-Based Learning Program
Authors: Lee Ji Hwan , Chung Sung Phil , Chung Hyun Soo
Published: June 2023

Purpose: Despite the clinical and socio-economic impact of acute poisoned patients, many of the treatments are not standardized in Korea. Moreover, no formal training that is specifically focused on clinical toxicology exists. Rather, training and education are conducted case by case in various institutions. This study was conducted to develop a standardized simulation-based clinical toxicology training curriculum for healthcare providers. This program will focus on specific assessment and treatment of critical toxicology patients, specifically those who have been poisoned with organophosphate. Methods: The study was performed using a pre- and post-design to determine the effects of implementation of this program. The study was conducted at eight different urban teaching hospitals in a simulated room in the clinical area. The study was targeted to 19 groups composed of emergency residents and nurses. Simulation-based learning was conducted for each group. Results: All 19 groups achieved the minimum passing score of 75%. Implementation of the program led to improved performance rates for overall management and cooperative moods competency (p<0.01). Inter-rater agreement between the two evaluators was excellent. In general, the participants thought the program was realistic and were able to recognize and improve the competencies needed to care for organophosphate poisoned patients. Conclusion: Simulation-based learning is an effective educational strategy that can be applied to improving and understanding proper care for rare but critical patients. This program was effective at improving team performance and cooperative moods when managing an organophosphate poisoned patient in the Emergency Department.
Analysis of Poisoning Patients Using 2016 ED Based Injury in-depth Surveillance Data
Authors: Chung Sung Phil , Lee Mi Jin , Kang Hyunggoo , Oh Bum Jin , Kim Hyun , Kim Yang Weon , Chun Byeong Jo , Kim Kyung Hwan
Published: June 2023

Purpose: Some advanced countries have reported annual statistics for poisoning based on data from poison control centers. This study was conducted to propose a baseline format and statistics of poisoning in Korea from a national representative database. Methods: This study was a retrospective analysis of poisoning patients based on data from an emergency department (ED) based injury in-depth surveillance project by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in 2016. Bite or sting injuries were not included. Variables related to poisoning were summarized using a similar format as the National Poison Data System in the United States. Results: A total of 7,820 poisoning patients presented to 23 EDs. Adults ${geq}20$ years accounted for 84% of the population, while the proportion of intentional poisoning was 59.4%. The most common poisoning substances were therapeutic drugs (45%), gas (21%), pesticides (15%), and artificial toxic substances (13%). Overall, 34.5% of patients were admitted for further treatment. The mortality was 3.2% (248 cases), and the most common causative substances were carbon monoxide, glyphosate, and paraquat, in order. Conclusion: This study showed the recent status of poisoning in Korea. However, a comprehensive poisoning registry based on poison control centers may be required to provide more accurate national statistics in the future.
The Effect of Intravenous Lipid Emulsion in a Rat Model of Verapamil Toxicity
Authors: Ha Dae-Myung , Kim Dong Hoon , Kim Taeyun , Lee Soo Hoon , Jeong Jin Hee , Lee Sang Bong , Lim Daesung , Kang Changwoo
Published: June 2023

Purpose: Intravenous lipid emulsion (ILE) has been shown to have significant therapeutic effects on calcium channel blocker overdose in animal studies and clinical cases. In this preliminary experiment, we investigated the hemodynamic changes and survival in a rat model of verapamil intoxication. Methods: Fourteen male Sprague-Dawley rats were sedated and treated with ILE or normal saline (control), followed by continuous intravenous infusion of verapamil (20 mg/kg/h). Mean arterial pressure and heart rate of rats were monitored during the infusion. In addition, the total dose of infused verapamil and the duration of survival were measured. Results: Survival was prolonged in the ILE group ($32.43{pm}5.8min$) relative to the control group ($24.14{pm}4.3min$) (p=0.01). The cumulative mean lethal dose of verapamil was higher in the ILE group ($4.3{pm}0.7mg/kg$) than in the control group ($3.2{pm}0.5mg/kg$; p=0.017). Conclusion: ILE pretreatment prolonged survival and increased the lethal dose in a rat model of verapamil poisoning.
Association between Smoking and Delayed Neuropsychological Sequelae in Acute Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
Authors: Kim Hak Myeon , Choi Sung Woo , Nah Sang Un , Choi Hyo Jeong , Lim Hoon , Kim Gi Woon , Han Sang Soo , Lee Young Hwan
Published: June 2023

Purpose: This study examined the association between smoking and delayed neuropsychological sequelae (DNS) in acute carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning. Methods: Patients admitted to the medical center emergency department from March 2016 to March 2017 because of CO poisoning were examined retrospectively. The patients were divided into two groups: DNS and Non-DNS group. Multiple factors were analyzed to explain DNS, which was assessed by motor disturbances, cognitive impairment, dysphagia, Parkinson-like syndromes, epilepsy, and emotional lability in CO poisoning. Results: A total of 120 patients were included. The factors related to DNS were smoking (pack-years) (p=0.002) and initial carbon monoxide-hemoglobin level (p=0.015). On the other hand, after multivariate logistic regression analysis, smoking (Odds ratio 1.07; 95% CI, 1.02-1.13; p=0.004) was the only factor associated with DNS. Conclusion: Smoking is a very reliable factor for predicting the occurrence of DNS. A history of smoking in patients who suffer from CO intoxication is important. If a patient smokes, treatment should be started actively and as soon as possible.
Comparison of Clinical Characteristics and Severity of Glyphosate and Glufosinate Herbicide Poisoning Patients
Authors: Joo Hyung Sun , Yoo Tae Ho , Cho Soo Hyung
Published: June 2023

Purpose: The number of glyphosate and glufosinate intoxication cases are increasing in Korea. This study was undertaken is to compare the clinical manifestations of poisoning by these two herbicides and to document severities and clinical outcomes. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated cases of glyphosate or glufosinate intoxication among patients that visited our emergency department between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2017. Incidences of intoxications were analyzed over this five year period, and underlying diseases, transportation, mental state, shock occurrence, inotropics, gastric lavage, charcoal administration, intubation and ventilator therapy, and hemodialysis were investigated. In addition, we included transfer to the intensive care unit, incidences of pneumonia and of other complications, death, and hopeless discharge. Results: There were 119 cases of glyphosate intoxication and 42 of glufosinate intoxication. Levels of consciousness were lower for glufosinate and vasopressor usage was higher due to a high shock rate (p=0.019). In addition, many patients were referred to the ICU for intubation and ventilation. The incidences of pneumonia and of other complications were significantly higher for glufosinate. Conclusion: Overall glufosinate intoxication was found to be more severe than glyphosate intoxication as determined by complication and ICU admission rates.
Survival after Cardiac Arrest due to Acute Methamphetamine Poisoning: A Case Report
Authors: Mun You Ho , Kim Jung Ho
Published: June 2023

Drug abuse and its related problems are increasing continuously in Korea. One of the most frequently abused drugs is methamphetamine, but there are few medical report in Korea. This is the first report of the identification of methamphetamine in the blood of a patient who had a return of spontaneous circulation after cardiac arrest and survived discharge. A 33-year-old male arrived at the emergency department presenting with chest pain and dyspnea. He had ingested methamphetamine and alcohol approximately 7 hours before arrival. One hour after arrival, he had seizure followed by cardiac arrest. Spontaneous circulation was recovered after 4 minutes of CPR. An analysis of the National Forensic Service identified plasma methamphetamine with an estimated average concentration of plasma methamphetamine at the time of arrival of 0.6 mg/L, a lethal dose. He had rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury but survived after continuous renal replacement therapy. Since then, he has suffered chronic kidney disease, and he is being followed up at the out-patient department. In Korea, although drug abuse is still uncommon, it is on the increase. Therefore, emergency physicians should be aware of the clinical characteristics of methamphetamine poisoning.
Extracorporeal Life Support in Acute Poisoning
Authors: Lee Si Jin , Han Gap Su , Lee Eui Jung , Kim Do Hyun , Park Kyoung Yae , Lee Ji Young , Kim Su Jin , Lee Sung Woo
Published: June 2023

Purpose: Cardiovascular or respiratory complications of acute intoxication are the most common causes of mortality. Advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) or specific antidotes help manage these cardiac or respiratory complications in acute intoxication. On the other hand, some cases do not respond to ACLS or antidotes and they require some special treatment, such as extracorporeal life support (ECLS). ECLS will provide the chance of recovery from acute intoxication. This study examined the optimal timing of ECLS in acute intoxication cases. Methods: This paper is a brief report of a case series about ECLS in acute poisoning. The cases of ECLS were reviewed and the effects of ECLS on the blood pressure and serum lactate level of the patients were analyzed. Results: A total of four cases were reviewed; three of them were antihypertensive agent-induced shock, and one was respiratory failure after the inhalation of acid. The time range of ECLS application was 4.8-23.5 hours after toxic exposure. The causes of ECLS implementation were one for recurrent cardiac arrest, two for shock that did not respond to ACLS, and one for respiratory failure that did not respond to mechanical ventilator support. Three patients showed an improvement in blood pressure and serum lactate level and were discharged alive. In case 1, ECLS was stared at 23.5 hours post toxic exposure; the patient died due to refractory shock and multiple organ failure. Conclusion: The specific management of ECLS should be considered when a patient with acute intoxication does not recovery from shock or respiratory failure despite ACLS, antidote therapies, or mechanical ventilator support. ECLS improved the hemodynamic and ventilator condition in complicated poisoned patients. The early application of ECLS may improve the tissue perfusion state and outcomes of these patients before the toxic damage becomes irreversible.
Minimizing the Effects of COVID-19 Using Optimal Control Strategies
Authors: Khoshnaw Sarbaz , Mohammed Azhi Sabir
Published: June 2023

Over the past few decades, researchers have paid more focus to finding
the optimal method for controlling infectious diseases. Recently, the
idea of optimal control has widely been used to discuss the spread of
COVD-19 pandemic. In this article, we consider a mathematical model to
show the transmission of this virus with constant rates. Then, the
optimal control technique is applied on the model with two different
scenarios. The first scenario contains two different controls such as
treatment and vaccination rate. However, the second scenario is dealing
with treatment and vaccination effect. Accordingly, this study
identifies the impact of these control mechanisms as time-dependent
interventions using mathematical modeling and an optimal control method
with Hamilton technique and Pontryagin’s maximum principle.
Computational results show that the use of treatment in the high level
has the biggest impact in the minimizing the total infected people.
Furthermore, the suggested mathematical model with and without control
variables are accurately analyzed using the forward-backward Runge Kutta
method in MATLAB for initial states and parameters. The findings of
optimal control here indicate that the suggested scenarios may effective
use for reducing the number of infected individuals and improving public
health strategies more widely.
The return of the “Mistigri” through the SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.5 chimera that predominated in 2023
Authors: Colson Philippe , Delerce Jeremy , Fantini Jacques , PONTAROTTI Pierre , Scola Bernard La , Raoult Didier
Published: June 2023

The number of SARS-CoV-2 recombinants identified during the pandemic has
increased since the era of Omicron variants, but XBB.1.5 (or Omicron
23A) is the first lineage comprised of hybrid genomes to predominate at
the country and global scales. Very interestingly, the XBB.1.5
recombinant, like the Marseille-4B subvariant (B.1.160/20A.EU2) and the
pandemic variant B.1.1.7 (20I/Alpha) previously, has its ORF8 gene
inactivated by a stop codon. XBB.1.5 was generated through two
successive main events: a recombination between SARS-CoV-2 of lineages
BA.2.10.1.1 (BJ.1) and BA.2 75.3.1.1.1 (BM.1.1.1) that generated the XBB
(22F) lineage; then ORF8 gene inactivation by a stop codon. We further
identified that a stop codon was present at 89 (74%) codons of the ORF8
gene in ≥1 of 15,222,404 genomes available in GISAID, and at 15 codons
(12%) in ≥1,000 genomes. Thus, it is very likely that stop codons in
ORF8 gene contributed on at least 3 occasions and independently during
the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic to the evolutionary success of a lineage that
became transiently predominant, most recently XBB.1.5. Such association
of gene loss with evolutionary success, which suits the recently
described Mistigri rule, is an important biological phenomenon very
unknown in virology while largely described in cellular organisms.