bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Magellan/PFS Radial Velocities of GJ 9827, a Late K dwarf at 30 pc with Three Transiting Super-Earths
Authors: Teske Johanna K. , Wang Sharon , Wolfgang Angie , Dai Fei , Shectman Stephen A. , Butler R. Paul , Crane Jeffrey D. , Thompson Ian B.
Published: March 2018

The Kepler mission showed us that planets with sizes between that of Earth and Neptune appear to be the most common type in our Galaxy. These “super-Earths” continue to be of great interest for exoplanet formation, evolution, and composition studies. However, the number of super-Earths with well-constrained mass and radius measurements remains small (40 planets with σ
mass < 25%), due in part to the faintness of their host stars causing ground-based mass measurements to be challenging. Recently, three transiting super-Earth planets were detected by the K2 mission around the nearby star GJ 9827/HIP 115752, at only 30 pc away. The radii of the planets span the “radius gap” detected by Fulton et al. (2017), and all orbit within ∼6.5 days, easing follow-up observations. Here, we report radial velocity (RV) observations of GJ 9827, taken between 2010 and 2016 with the Planet Finder Spectrograph on the Magellan II Telescope. We employ two different RV analysis packages, SYSTEMIC and RadVel, to derive masses and thus densities of the GJ 9827 planets. We also test a Gaussian Process regression analysis but find the correlated stellar noise is not well constrained by the PFS data and that the GP tends to over-fit the RV semi-amplitudes resulting in a lower K value. Our RV observations are not able to place strong mass constraints on the two outer planets (c and d) but do indicate that planet b, at 1.64 R
⊕ and ∼8 M
⊕, is one of the most massive (and dense) super-Earth planets detected to date.
Subarray Processing for Projection-based RFI Mitigation in Radio Astronomical Interferometers
Authors: Burnett Mitchell C. , Jeffs Brian D. , Black Richard A. , Warnick Karl F.
Published: March 2018

Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) is a major problem for observations in Radio Astronomy (RA). Adaptive spatial filtering techniques such as subspace projection are promising candidates for RFI mitigation; however, for radio interferometric imaging arrays, these have primarily been used in engineering demonstration experiments rather than mainstream scientific observations. This paper considers one reason that adoption of such algorithms is limited: RFI decorrelates across the interferometric array because of long baseline lengths. This occurs when the relative RFI time delay along a baseline is large compared to the frequency channel inverse bandwidth used in the processing chain. Maximum achievable excision of the RFI is limited by covariance matrix estimation error when identifying interference subspace parameters, and decorrelation of the RFI introduces errors that corrupt the subspace estimate, rendering subspace projection ineffective over the entire array. In this work, we present an algorithm that overcomes this challenge of decorrelation by applying subspace projection via subarray processing (SP-SAP). Each subarray is designed to have a set of elements with high mutual correlation in the interferer for better estimation of subspace parameters. In an RFI simulation scenario for the proposed ngVLA interferometric imaging array with 15 kHz channel bandwidth for correlator processing, we show that compared to the former approach of applying subspace projection on the full array, SP-SAP improves mitigation of the RFI on the order of 9 dB. An example of improved image synthesis and reduced RFI artifacts for a simulated image “phantom” using the SP-SAP algorithm is presented.
One Percent Determination of the Primordial Deuterium Abundance*
Authors: Cooke Ryan J. , Pettini Max , Steidel Charles C.
Published: March 2018

We report a reanalysis of a near-pristine absorption system, located at a redshift

toward the quasar Q1243+307, based on the combination of archival and new data obtained with the HIRES echelle spectrograph on the Keck telescope. This absorption system, which has an oxygen abundance [O/H] = −2.769 ± 0.028 (≃1/600 of the solar abundance), is among the lowest metallicity systems currently known where a precise measurement of the deuterium abundance is afforded. Our detailed analysis of this system concludes, on the basis of eight D i absorption lines, that the deuterium abundance of this gas cloud is

, which is in very good agreement with the results previously reported by Kirkman et al., but with an improvement on the precision of this single measurement by a factor of ∼3.5. Combining this new estimate with our previous sample of six high precision and homogeneously analyzed D/H measurements, we deduce that the primordial deuterium abundance is

or, expressed as a linear quantity,

this value corresponds to a one percent determination of the primordial deuterium abundance. Combining our result with a big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) calculation that uses the latest nuclear physics input, we find that the baryon density derived from BBN agrees to within 2σ of the latest results from the Planck cosmic microwave background data.
The HectoMAP Cluster Survey. II. X-Ray Clusters
Authors: Sohn Jubee , Chon Gayoung , Böhringer Hans , Geller Margaret J. , Diaferio Antonaldo , Hwang Ho Seong , Utsumi Yousuke , Rines Kenneth J.
Published: March 2018

We apply a friends-of-friends algorithm to the HectoMAP redshift survey and cross-identify associated X-ray emission in the ROSAT All-Sky Survey data (RASS). The resulting flux-limited catalog of X-ray cluster surveys is complete to a limiting flux of ∼3 × 10−13 erg s−1 cm−2 and includes 15 clusters (7 newly discovered) with redshifts z ≤ 0.4. HectoMAP is a dense survey (∼1200 galaxies deg−2) that provides ∼50 members (median) in each X-ray cluster. We provide redshifts for the 1036 cluster members. Subaru/Hyper Suprime-Cam imaging covers three of the X-ray systems and confirms that they are impressive clusters. The HectoMAP X-ray clusters have an L
X–σ
cl scaling relation similar to that of known massive X-ray clusters. The HectoMAP X-ray cluster sample predicts ∼12,000 ± 3000 detectable X-ray clusters in RASS to the limiting flux, comparable with previous estimates.
A Global Photoionization Response to Prompt Emission and Outliers: Different Origin of Long Gamma-ray Bursts?
Authors: Wang J. , Xin L. P. , Qiu Y. L. , Xu D. W. , Wei J. Y.
Published: March 2018

By using the line ratio C iv
λ1549/C ii
λ1335 as a tracer of the ionization ratio of the interstellar medium (ISM) illuminated by a long gamma-ray burst (LGRB), we identify a global photoionization response of the ionization ratio to the photon luminosity of the prompt emission assessed by either L
iso/E
peak or

L

iso

/

E

peak

2

. The ionization ratio increases with both L
iso/E
peak and L
iso/E
2
peak for a majority of the LGRBs in our sample, although there are a few outliers. The identified dependence of C iv/C ii on

L

iso

/

E

peak

2

suggests that the scatter of the widely accepted Amati relation is related to the ionization ratio in the ISM. The outliers tend to have relatively high C iv/C ii values as well as relatively high C iv
λ1549/Si iv
λ1403 ratios, which suggests an existence of Wolf–Rayet stars in the environment of these LGRBs. We finally argue that the outliers and the LGRBs following the identified C iv/C ii−L
iso/E
peak (

L

iso

/

E

peak

2

) correlation might come from different progenitors with different local environments.
On The Origin of Supernova-less Long Gamma-Ray Bursts
Authors: Dado Shlomo , Dar Arnon
Published: March 2018

The fraction of long duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) without an associated bright supernova (SN-less GRBs) at low redshifts is comparable to that of GRBs associated with bright supernovae (SN-GRBs). The prompt emission and its fast decline phase in both types of GRBs are well described by the cannonball model of GRBs, where inverse Compton scattering of ambient light is the dominant γ-ray production mechanism. However, in SN-less GRBs, the fast decay of the prompt emission appears to be overtaken by an afterglow powered by a millisecond pulsar, while, in SN-GRBs, the late-time X-ray afterglow is well described by synchrotron radiation from the decelerating jet in the interstellar medium. We use their different X-ray light curves to determine the ratio of SN-less GRBs/SN-GRBs at very high redshifts. We find that at z > 4, this ratio is the same as that at small redshifts. Such a z-independent ratio suggests that the origin of SN-less GRBs is a phase transition of neutron stars to quark stars in high-mass X-ray binaries, rather than the merger of neutron stars.
A UV-to-NIR Study of Molecular Gas in the Dust Cavity around RY Lupi
Authors: Arulanantham N. , France K. , Hoadley K. , Manara C. F. , Schneider P. C. , Alcalá J. M. , Banzatti A. , Günther H. M. , Miotello A. , Marel N. van der , Dishoeck E. F. van , Walsh C. , Williams J. P.
Published: March 2018

We present a study of molecular gas in the inner disk

around RY Lupi, with spectra from HST-COS, HST-STIS, and VLT-CRIRES. We model the radial distribution of flux from hot gas in a surface layer between r = 0.1–10 au, as traced by Lyα-pumped H2. The result shows H2 emission originating in a ring centered at ∼3 au that declines within r < 0.1 au, which is consistent with the behavior of disks with dust cavities. An analysis of the H2 line shapes shows that a two-component Gaussian profile

is statistically preferred to a single-component Gaussian. We interpret this as tentative evidence for gas emitting from radially separated disk regions

. The 4.7 μm 12CO emission lines are also well fit by two-component profiles

. We combine these results with 10 μm observations to form a picture of gapped structure within the mm-imaged dust cavity, providing the first such overview of the inner regions of a young disk. The HST SED of RY Lupi is available online for use in modeling efforts.
Laubuka tenella, a new species of cyprinid fish from southeastern Bangladesh and southwestern Myanmar (Teleostei, Cyprinidae, Danioninae)
Authors: Kullander Sven , Rahman Md. Mizanur , Norén Michael , Mollah Abdur Rob
Published: March 2018

Laubuka tenellais a new species characterized by the colour pattern, consisting of short dark vertical bars anteriorly on the side, and a dark lateral band posteriorly on the side, combined with a relatively short pelvic fin and 29–30 lateral-line scales. It is separated from otherLaubukaanalysed by minimum 9 % uncorrectedp-distance in the mitochondrial COI gene. The type series is composed of specimens from small streams in the Cox’s Bazar District in Bangladesh (the type locality), and the Thandwe River drainage in western Myanmar.Laubuka brahmaputraensisis strongly indicated to be a junior synonym ofL. laubuca, the second known species ofLaubukain Bangladesh.Eustira ceylonensis, currently in the synonymy ofDevario malabaricus, is a valid species ofLaubuka.
An illustrated key to the Saudi Arabian species of the genus Macroocula Panfilov, 1954, with the description of a new species and the previously unknown female of M. andreai Pagliano (Hymenoptera, Bradynobaenidae, Apterogyninae)
Authors: Soliman Ahmed M. , Gadallah Neveen S. , Al Dhafer Hathal Mohammed
Published: March 2018

The Saudi Arabian species of the genus Macroocula Panfilov (Bradynobaenidae, Apterogyninae) are keyed and illustrated. Eleven species were previously recorded from Arabian fauna: M. andreai Pagliano (♂), M. atuberculata Soliman & Gadallah (♂), M. khorimensis Soliman & Gadallah (♂), M. magna (Invrea) (♀), M. mahunkai (Argaman) (♂), M. nitida (Bischoff) (♂, ♀), M. ohli Pagliano (♂), M. riyadha Gadallah & Pagliano (♂), M. savignyi (Klug) (♂, ♀), M. sinaica (Invrea) (♂) and M. zulfiensis Soliman & Gadallah (♂). A new species, Macroocula asirensis Gadallah & Soliman, sp. n. (♂) from Saloos Al-Manzar, Wadi Yebah and Wadi Targ (Asir region) and the previously unknown female of M. andreai from Wadi Reem (Jazan region) are described and illustrated.
Taxonomic notes on the ground beetles in the genus Trephionus Bates, 1883 from central Honshu, Japan (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Sphodrini, Synuchina)
Authors: Sasakawa Kôji , Itô Hirotarô
Published: March 2018

Trephionus Bates, 1883, a Japanese endemic genus in the subtribe Synuchina (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Sphodrini), is revised taxonomically based mainly on the shape of the endophallus, a membranous inner sac everted from the aedeagus of the male genitalia. Three known species from central Honshu, T. kinoshitai Habu, 1954; T. shibataianus Habu, 1978; and T. babai Habu, 1978, are re-defined based on this genital character, and five new species are described from the region: T. cylindriphallus Sasakawa, sp. n., T. niumontanus Sasakawa, sp. n., T. inexpectatus Sasakawa & Itô, sp. n., T. abiba Sasakawa & Itô, sp. n., and T. bifidilobatus Sasakawa & Itô, sp. n. The observed interspecies differences in endophallus morphology are discussed in terms of the species-level phylogeny and genus-level taxonomy of Trephionus.
The impact of the patent system on the social welfare: A critical view
Authors: Giménez Gregorio
Published: March 2018

Purpose: This article offers a critical view of the impact of patents on economic activity.Design/methodology/approach: We develop two analytic innovation models. They help us to understand how the strength of the patent system affects 1) the industry profits 2) the social welfare.Findings: The strengthening of patent systems could cause a decline in the activities of imitation and, therefore, a decrease in competition, a reduction in the production and assimilation of new technologies and could create barriers to entry into technology-intensive sectors, increasing the costs of production. We will show that a lower strength patent system and an increase in the activities of imitation can i) increase the benefits to industry as a whole ii) lead to greater social surplus.Originality/value and social implications: Much of the literature on innovation has traditionally seen imitation processes as harmful to the development of new technologies, and detrimental to the welfare of consumers, producers and society at large. That is why policies aimed at strengthening the patent system and discouraging imitation processes are associated with improvements in social welfare, —fostering innovation, trade, foreign investment and technology transfer—. However, our findings should lead us to rethink how optimal innovation policy should be designed. The problems associated with restrictions on the free market involve costs that outweigh the social benefits that patents can provide. Market mechanisms can effectively reward innovators for being the first to bring a product into the market, without the need to grant a monopoly.
Le prix du genre
Authors: Carayon Lisa , Mattiussi Julie
Published: March 2018

Le 25 juillet dernier, la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme (CEDH) a rendu une décision dans laquelle elle estime qu’il est discriminatoire de réduire l’indemnisation du préjudice moral d’une personne ayant subi un dommage corporel atteignant les organes sexuels au motif qu’il s’agit d’une femme âgée de cinquante ans.
An Incidental Finding of AL‑associated Amyloidosis Presenting as Gastric Ulcers
Authors: Huq Nadia , Thohan Vinay , Guda Nalini M.
Published: March 2018

Gastrointestinal tract amyloidosis has been reported in rare instances and related symptoms are usually nonspecific to the disease process. We present a patient who initially had melena on anticoagulation and endoscopy revealed a bleeding gastric ulcer. Hemostasis was achieved. The patient had a recurrence of symptoms despite being off anticoagulation months later and at that time repeat endoscopy showed multiple gastric ulcers with surrounding friable mucosa. Biopsy results were significant for light chain associated‑amyloidosis. This case represents a rare cause of gastric ulcer.
Pancreatico‑pleural Fistula: Case Series
Authors: Munirathinam Manoj , Thangavelu Pugazhendhi , Kini Ratnakar
Published: March 2018

Pancreatico‑pleural fistula is a rare but serious complication of acute and chronic pancreatitis. The pleural effusion caused by pancreatico‑pleural fistula is usually massive and recurrent. It is predominately left‑sided but right‑sided and bilateral effusion does occur. We report four cases of pancreatico‑pleural fistula admitted to our hospital. Their clinical presentation and management aspects are discussed. Two patients were managed by pancreatic endotherapy and two patients were managed conservatively. All four patients improved symptomatically and were discharged and are on regular follow‑up. Most of these patients would be evaluated for their breathlessness and pleural effusion delaying the diagnosis of pancreatic pathology and management. Hence, earlier recognition and prompt treatment would help the patients to recover from their illnesses. Pancreatic pleural fistula diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion in patients presenting with chest symptoms or pleural effusion. Extremely high pleural fluid amylase levels are usual but not universally present. A chest X‑ray, pleural fluid analysis, and abdominal imaging (magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography/magnetic resonance imaging abdomen more useful than contrast‑enhanced computed tomography abdomen) would clinch the diagnosis. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with stent or sphincterotomy should be considered when pancreatic duct (PD) reveals a stricture or when medical management fails in patients with dilated or irregular PD. Surgical intervention may be indicated in patients with complete disruption of PD or multiple strictures.
Exploring the Influence of Executive Management Diversity on IT Governance
Authors: Héroux Sylvie , Fortin Anne
Published: March 2018

As all organizations are attaching more strategic importance to information technology (IT), IT governance has gained researchers’ interest. In fact, a large body of literature focuses on firm-specific or executive management attributes such as leadership as determinants of IT governance. However, it is still relevant to identify other factors influencing IT governance. Since executive management demographics and demographic diversity have an impact on strategic decisions, we explore the influence of executive management diversity on IT governance. Results suggest that IT governance for a high educational-high tenure diversity profile differs significantly from that for a low industry-moderate tenure diversity profile and a high industry-low tenure diversity profile. Furthermore, IT governance structures differ according to executive management diversity profile more than IT governance processes and relational mechanisms.
On Developing Business Models for Internet of Things-Based Products: Process and Chalenges
Authors: Klein Amarolinda Zanela , Pacheco Fabiana Beal , Righi Rodrigo da Rosa
Published: March 2018

Many companies nowadays are struggling to understand the unprecedented complexity of developing business models for products and services based on the Internet of Things. This article aims at investigating what are the elements to be taken into account in order to create a business model for IoT-based products/services and what are the main challenges faced in this process. To address these questions, we review the literature on the creation of business models for IoT and we analyze data from an action research involving the generation of a business model for an IoT-based product - a smart locker – in a small company. We explore how this process occurred and the challenges faced.
Analysis of the distributions of hourly NO2 concentrations contributing to annual average NO2 concentrations across the European monitoring network between 2000 and 2014
Authors: Malley Christopher S. , von Schneidemesser Erika , Moller Sarah , Braban Christine F. , Hicks W. Kevin , Heal Mathew R.
Published: March 2018

Abstract. Exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is associated with
negative human health effects, both for short-term “peak” concentrations and
from long-term exposure to a wider range of NO2 concentrations. For the
latter, the European Union has established an air quality limit value of 40 µg m−3 as an annual average. However, factors such as proximity
and strength of local emissions, atmospheric chemistry, and meteorological
conditions mean that there is substantial variation in the hourly NO2
concentrations contributing to an annual average concentration. The aim of
this analysis was to quantify the nature of this variation at thousands of
monitoring sites across Europe through the calculation of a standard set of
“chemical climatology” statistics. Specifically, at each monitoring site that
satisfied data capture criteria for inclusion in this analysis, annual
NO2 concentrations, as well as the percentage contribution from each
month, hour of the day, and hourly NO2 concentrations divided into 5 µg m−3 bins were calculated. Across Europe, 2010–2014 average annual NO2 concentrations (NO2AA)
exceeded the annual NO2 limit value at 8 % of > 2500 monitoring sites. The application of this “chemical climatology” approach
showed that sites with distinct monthly, hour of day, and hourly NO2
concentration bin contributions to NO2AA were not grouped into specific
regions of Europe, furthermore, within relatively small geographic regions there were
sites with similar NO2AA, but with differences in these contributions.
Specifically, at sites with highest NO2AA, there were generally similar
contributions from across the year, but there were also differences in the
contribution of peak vs. moderate hourly NO2 concentrations to
NO2AA, and from different hours across the day. Trends between 2000 and
2014 for 259 sites indicate that, in general, the contribution to NO2AA
from winter months has increased, as has the contribution from the rush-hour
periods of the day, while the contribution from peak hourly NO2
concentrations has decreased. The variety of monthly, hour of day and hourly
NO2 concentration bin contributions to NO2AA, across cities,
countries and regions of Europe indicate that within relatively small
geographic areas different interactions between emissions, atmospheric
chemistry and meteorology produce variation in NO2AA and the conditions
that produce it. Therefore, measures implemented to reduce NO2AA in one
location may not be as effective in others. The development of strategies to
reduce NO2AA for an area should therefore consider (i) the variation in monthly,
hour of day, and hourly NO2 concentration bin contributions to
NO2AA within that area; and (ii) how specific mitigation actions will
affect variability in hourly NO2 concentrations.
Multi-generation chemical aging of α-pinene ozonolysis products by reactions with OH
Authors: Wang Ningxin , Kostenidou Evangelia , Donahue Neil M. , Pandis Spyros N.
Published: March 2018

Abstract. Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation from
volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the atmosphere can be thought of as a
succession of oxidation steps. The production of later-generation SOA via
continued oxidation of the first-generation products is defined as chemical
aging. This study investigates aging in the α-pinene ozonolysis
system with hydroxyl radicals (OH) through smog chamber experiments. The
first-generation α-pinene ozonolysis products were allowed to react
further with OH formed via HONO photolysis. After an equivalent of 2–4 days
of typical atmospheric oxidation conditions, homogeneous OH oxidation of the
α-pinene ozonolysis products resulted in a 20–40 % net increase
in the SOA for the experimental conditions used in this work. A more
oxygenated product distribution was observed after aging based on the
increase in aerosol atomic oxygen-to-carbon ratio (O : C) by up to 0.04.
Experiments performed at intermediate relative humidity (RH) of 50 %
showed no significant difference in additional SOA formation during aging
compared to those performed at a low RH of less than 20 %.
Light-absorption of dust and elemental carbon in snow in the Indian Himalayas and the Finnish Arctic
Authors: Svensson Jonas , Ström Johan , Kivekäs Niku , Dkhar Nathaniel B. , Tayal Shresth , Sharma Ved P. , Jutila Arttu , Backman John , Virkkula Aki , Ruppel Meri , Hyvärinen Antti , Kontu Anna , Hannula Henna-Reetta , Leppäranta Matti , Hooda Rakesh K. , Korhola Atte , Asmi Eija , Lihavainen Heikki
Published: March 2018

Abstract. Light-absorbing impurities (LAIs) deposited in snow have the
potential to substantially affect the snow radiation budget, with subsequent
implications for snow melt. To more accurately quantify the snow albedo, the
contribution from different LAIs needs to be assessed. Here we estimate the
main LAI components, elemental carbon (EC) (as a proxy for black carbon) and
mineral dust in snow from the Indian Himalayas and paired the results with snow
samples from Arctic Finland. The impurities are collected onto quartz filters
and are analyzed thermal–optically for EC, as well as with an additional
optical measurement to estimate the light-absorption of dust separately on
the filters. Laboratory tests were conducted using substrates containing soot
and mineral particles, especially prepared to test the experimental setup.
Analyzed ambient snow samples show EC concentrations that are in the same
range as presented by previous research, for each respective region. In terms
of the mass absorption cross section (MAC) our ambient EC surprisingly had
about half of the MAC value compared to our laboratory standard EC (chimney
soot), suggesting a less light absorptive EC in the snow, which has
consequences for the snow albedo reduction caused by EC. In the Himalayan
samples, larger contributions by dust (in the range of 50 % or greater for
the light absorption caused by the LAI) highlighted the importance of dust
acting as a light absorber in the snow. Moreover, EC concentrations in the
Indian samples, acquired from a 120 cm deep snow pit (possibly covering the
last five years of snow fall), suggest an increase in both EC and dust
deposition. This work emphasizes the complexity in determining the snow
albedo, showing that LAI concentrations alone might not be sufficient, but
additional transient effects on the light-absorbing properties of the EC need
to be considered and studied in the snow. Equally as imperative is the
confirmation of
the spatial and temporal representativeness of these data by comparing data
from several and deeper pits explored at the same time.
A simple biota removal algorithm for 35 GHz cloud radar measurements
Authors: Kalapureddy Madhu Chandra R. , Sukanya Patra , Das Subrata K. , Deshpande Sachin M. , Pandithurai Govindan , Pazamany Andrew L. , Ambuj K. Jha , Chakravarty Kaustav , Kalekar Prasad , Devisetty Hari Krishna , Annam Sreenivas
Published: March 2018

Abstract. Cloud radar reflectivity profiles can be an important measurement
for the investigation of cloud vertical structure (CVS). However, extracting
intended meteorological cloud content from the measurement often demands an
effective technique or algorithm that can reduce error and observational
uncertainties in the recorded data. In this work, a technique is proposed to
identify and separate cloud and non-hydrometeor echoes using the radar
Doppler spectral moments profile measurements. The point and volume
target-based theoretical radar sensitivity curves are used for removing the
receiver noise floor and identified radar echoes are scrutinized according
to the signal decorrelation period. Here, it is hypothesized that cloud
echoes are observed to be temporally more coherent and homogenous and have a
longer correlation period than biota. That can be checked statistically
using ∼ 4 s sliding mean and standard deviation value of
reflectivity profiles. The above step helps in screen out clouds critically
by filtering out the biota. The final important step strives for the
retrieval of cloud height. The proposed algorithm potentially identifies
cloud height solely through the systematic characterization of Z variability
using the local atmospheric vertical structure knowledge besides to the
theoretical, statistical and echo tracing tools. Thus, characterization of
high-resolution cloud radar reflectivity profile measurements has been done
with the theoretical echo sensitivity curves and observed echo statistics
for the true cloud height tracking (TEST). TEST showed superior performance in
screening out clouds and filtering out isolated insects. TEST constrained with
polarimetric measurements was found to be more promising under high-density biota
whereas TEST combined with linear depolarization ratio and spectral width perform potentially to
filter out biota within the highly turbulent shallow cumulus clouds in the
convective boundary layer (CBL). This TEST technique is promisingly simple
in realization but powerful in performance due to the flexibility in
constraining, identifying and filtering out the biota and screening out the
true cloud content, especially the CBL clouds. Therefore, the TEST algorithm is superior for screening out the low-level clouds that are strongly linked to the
rainmaking mechanism associated with the Indian Summer Monsoon region's
CVS.
The ESA GOME-Evolution “Climate” water vapor product: a homogenized time series of H2O columns from GOME, SCIAMACHY, and GOME-2
Authors: Beirle Steffen , Lampel Johannes , Wang Yang , Mies Kornelia , Dörner Steffen , Grossi Margherita , Loyola Diego , Dehn Angelika , Danielczok Anja , Schröder Marc , Wagner Thomas
Published: March 2018

Abstract. We present time series of the global distribution of water vapor columns over more than 2 decades based on measurements from the satellite instruments GOME, SCIAMACHY, and GOME-2 in the red spectral range. A particular focus is the consistency amongst the different sensors to avoid jumps from one instrument to another. This is reached by applying robust and simple retrieval settings consistently. Potentially systematic effects due to differences in ground pixel size are avoided by merging SCIAMACHY and GOME-2 observations to GOME spatial resolution, which also allows for a consistent treatment of cloud effects. In addition, the GOME-2 swath is reduced to that of GOME and SCIAMACHY to have consistent viewing geometries.Remaining systematic differences between the different sensors are investigated during overlap periods and are corrected for in the homogenized time series. The resulting Climate product v2.2 (https://doi.org/10.1594/WDCC/GOME-EVL_water_vapor_clim_v2.2) allows the study of the temporal evolution of water vapor over the last 20 years on a global scale.
SWRT: A package for semi-analytical solutions of surface wave propagation, including mode conversion, across transversely aligned vertical discontinuities
Authors: Datta Arjun
Published: March 2018

Abstract. We present a suite of programs that implement decades-old
algorithms for computation of seismic surface wave reflection and
transmission coefficients at a welded contact between two laterally
homogeneous quarter-spaces. For Love as well as Rayleigh waves, the
algorithms are shown to be capable of modelling multiple mode conversions at
a lateral discontinuity, which was not shown in the original publications or
in the subsequent literature. Only normal incidence at a lateral boundary is
considered so there is no Love–Rayleigh coupling, but incidence of any mode
and coupling to any (other) mode can be handled. The code is written in
Python and makes use of SciPy's Simpson's rule integrator and NumPy's linear
algebra solver for its core functionality. Transmission-side results from
this code are found to be in good agreement with those from finite-difference
simulations. In today's research environment of extensive computing power,
the coded algorithms are arguably redundant but SWRT can be used as a
valuable testing tool for the ever evolving numerical solvers of seismic wave
propagation. SWRT is available via GitHub
(https://github.com/arjundatta23/SWRT.git).
Modular System for Shelves and Coasts (MOSSCO v1.0) – a flexible and multi-component framework for coupled coastal ocean ecosystem modelling
Authors: Lemmen Carsten , Hofmeister Richard , Klingbeil Knut , Nasermoaddeli M. Hassan , Kerimoglu Onur , Burchard Hans , Kösters Frank , Wirtz Kai W.
Published: March 2018

Abstract. Shelf and coastal sea processes extend from the atmosphere
through the water column and into the seabed. These processes reflect
intimate interactions between physical, chemical, and biological states on
multiple scales. As a consequence, coastal system modelling requires a high
and flexible degree of process and domain integration; this has so far hardly
been achieved by current model systems. The lack of modularity and
flexibility in integrated models hinders the exchange of data and model
components and has historically imposed the supremacy of specific physical driver
models. We present the Modular System for Shelves and Coasts (MOSSCO;
http://www.mossco.de), a novel domain and process coupling system
tailored but not limited to the coupling challenges of and applications
in the coastal ocean. MOSSCO builds on the Earth System Modeling Framework
(ESMF) and on the Framework for Aquatic Biogeochemical Models (FABM). It goes
beyond existing technologies by creating a unique level of modularity in both
domain and process coupling, including a clear separation of component and
basic model interfaces, flexible scheduling of several tens of models, and
facilitation of iterative development at the lab and the station and on the
coastal ocean scale. MOSSCO is rich in metadata and its concepts are
also applicable outside the coastal domain. For coastal modelling, it
contains dozens of example coupling configurations and tested set-ups for
coupled applications. Thus, MOSSCO addresses the technology needs of a
growing marine coastal Earth system community that encompasses very different
disciplines, numerical tools, and research questions.
Evolution of fractality in space plasmas of interest to geomagnetic activity
Authors: Muñoz Víctor , Domínguez Macarena , Valdivia Juan Alejandro , Good Simon , Nigro Giuseppina , Carbone Vincenzo
Published: March 2018

Abstract. We studied the temporal evolution of fractality for geomagnetic activity, by
calculating fractal dimensions from the Dst data and from a
magnetohydrodynamic shell model for turbulent magnetized plasma, which may be
a useful model to study geomagnetic activity under solar wind forcing. We
show that the shell model is able to reproduce the relationship between the
fractal dimension and the occurrence of dissipative events, but only in a
certain region of viscosity and resistivity values. We also present
preliminary results of the application of these ideas to the study of the
magnetic field time series in the solar wind during magnetic clouds, which
suggest that it is possible, by means of the fractal dimension, to
characterize the complexity of the magnetic cloud structure.
Aspects Related to Body Image and Eating Behaviors in Healthy Brazilian Undergraduate Students
Authors: Afonso Jr Armando , Ferro Thales , Anunciação Luis , Landeira-Fernandez J.
Published: March 2018

The discrepancy between one’s actual body and the ideal body, especially among young adults, can lead to body dissatisfaction in both men and women, which is commonly accepted to be central to eating disorders. We explored aspects of body image and eating disorders in healthy Brazilian students (n = 219) using two standardized measures (Body Shape Questionnaire [BSQ-34] and Eating Attitudes Test [EAT-26]) and assessing height, weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), and the history of physical activity. We also analyzed the ability of one measure to predict another. Linear multiple regression was used to verify which variables best predicted the scale outcomes. The Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) was used for variable selection. The results suggested that women have a greater risk of body dissatisfaction and eating disorders. Both instruments had variables that significantly predicted each other’s results, whereas BMI was only associated with BSQ-34 scores. These findings broaden our understanding of eating disorders and body image.
The Role of Agricultural Sector Productivity in Economic Growth: The Case of Iran’s Economic Development Plan
Authors: Tahamipour Morteza , Mahmoudi Mina
Published: March 2018

This study provides the theoretical framework and empirical model for productivity growth evaluations in agricultural sector as one of the most important sectors in Iran’s economic development plan. We use the Solow residual model to measure the productivity growth share in the value-added growth of the agricultural sector. Our time series data includes value-added per worker, employment, and capital in this sector. The results show that the average total factor productivity growth rate in the agricultural sector is -0.72% during 1991-2010. Also, during this period, the share of total factor productivity growth in the value-added growth is -19.6%, while it has been forecasted to be 33.8% in the fourth development plan. Considering the effective role of capital in the agricultural low productivity, we suggest applying productivity management plans (especially in regards of capital productivity) to achieve future growth goals.
Looking Back from the Year 2117: America, Philosophy, and Hope
Authors: Craig Megan
Published: March 2018

This article employs Richard Rorty's 1996 text “Looking Backwards from the Year 2096” as a model for examining the state of America, education, and philosophy from the year 2117. The imaginative engagement explores how past and present structures might yield to future forms with a focus on early childhood education, guns, literacy, higher education and the state of the university, and the relationships between professional philosophy and social activism in America. Arguing for a shift in the paradigms of thinking and writing to include more revolutionary and artistic practice, this essay envisions a future in which philosophy takes increasingly pluralistic, creative, and political forms. Rorty's prophetic writings serve as one example of the value of imagination in the production of social change, hope, and the destabilization of entrenched patterns of thought.
Lost, Looking Around, and Looking Ahead
Authors: Stuhr John J.
Published: March 2018

In this article I argue that contemporary philosophy is lost in several important senses and that its recovery requires that we understand philosophy as a fundamentally creative endeavor; an expressive, evocative, imaginative, and visionary art; an art of life, like poetry and theater, music and painting, films and sculpture, installations and architecture, graffiti and graphic novels, ballet and basketball; a province of meaning rather than, more than, fact. I show how this changed self-understanding in turn would change the questions philosophers ask. And I argue that this view of philosophy requires a commitment to pluralism in both theory and practice.
Micro propagación de variedades nativas de cacao (Theobroma cacao) mediante embriogénesis somática
Authors: Calderón Acuña Henry Omar , Montes de Godoy María Elena
Published: March 2018

El cultivo del cacao (Theobroma cacao), en épocas precolombinas, fue de importancia económica y cultural en El Salvador; pero debido a las inclemencias del tiempo sobre la población nativa, parte del conocimiento sobre el cultivo del cacao se perdió. En la actualidad se pretende reactivar los campos de cacao en algunas fincas del país, ya que muchos de los bosques cafetaleros se deterioraron por causa de la Roya, enfermedad provocada por el hongo Hemileia vastatrix. Debido a este problema, se decidió implementar un sistema de micropropagación de árboles de cacao nativos de El Salvador para establecer un protocolo de rescate de materiales autóctonos; y posteriormente, facilitar la propagación mediante la técnica de embriogénesis somática. En este ensayo se evaluaron tres dosis de glucosa, siendo 10, 20 y 30g L-1, como fuente de carbón en el medio de cultivo, y cuatro dosis de 2-4D (Ácido 2-4 diclorofenoxiacético), siendo 0.0, 1.0, ,2.0 y 3.0ml L-1; esta auxina interviene en la callogénesis de los explantes de cacao. El medio de cultivo utilizado fue DKW (Driver y Kiniyuki et al., 1984). El mejor tratamiento para la regeneración de callos se obtuvo con la dosis de 20g L-1 de glucosa y 2.0ml L-1 de 2-4D. Se realizó un Análisis de Varianza (ANOVA) con comparación de medias por Tukey y Test de Rangos Múltiples; además se empleó el programa estadístico Statgraphics Centurion XVI.I para el análisis de los datos.Producción Agropecuaria y Desarrollo Sostenible, Vol. 6, 2017: 87-95
PRECIPITAÇÃO OBSERVADA NA AMAZÔNIA BRASILEIRA: REDES CONVENCIONAIS E DADOS DA REANÁLISE I DO NCEP/NCAR, CRU E GPCC
Authors: Limberger Leila , Silva Maria Elisa Siqueira
Published: March 2018

O avanço das tecnologias de informação relacionado à coleta de dados meteorológicos e ao seu compartilhamento através da internet tem permitido o acesso a uma quantidade significativa de dados relativamente confiáveis para a maior parte do globo, a partir de um computador conectado à internet. Séries temporais incompletas e espacialmente mal distribuídas constituem um dos fatores que levam à reconstrução de dados de precipitação. Dados precisos de precipitação interpolados para grades espaciais regulares constituem uma variável importante para a caracterização climática. A totalidade de variáveis atmosféricas usadas comumente para a explicação da variabilidade da precipitação, obtidas através dos conjuntos de reanálises geradas por modelos numéricos, em diversos centros mundiais, é fornecida em grades espacialmente regulares. O objetivo da presente pesquisa é avaliar, através da análise de estatísticas adequadas, a precisão dos dados de precipitação mensal para a bacia amazônica brasileira organizados pelos centros de pesquisa CRU, GPCC e os obtidos da Reanálise I do NCEP/NCAR em comparação com dados observados organizados pela ANA do Brasil, para o período de 1979 a 2010. Os dados interpolados para grades regulares usados neste estudo foram todos obtidos do ESRL/NOAA. Os valores do coeficiente de correlação linear calculados, para as diversas sub-regiões consideradas na bacia amazônica, entre a precipitação diretamente observada, da ANA, e aquela gerada pelos centros CRU, GPCC e NCEP/NCAR I são altos e significativos, o que demonstra que a utilização de dados reconstruídos e dispostos em grades regulares pode ser aplicada com alta confiabilidade, permitindo a expansão dos estudos em Climatologia Geográfica para as atuais necessidades de avanço dessa disciplina. Os resultados também mostram que a precipitação do conjunto da Reanálise I do NCEP/NCAR apresenta amplitude sazonal bastante inferior à observada nos demais conjuntos de dados usados. O conjunto de dados de grade que apresentou os maiores valores de correlação linear com a precipitação diretamente observada na bacia amazônica, da ANA, foi o GPCC.
A DISTRIBUIÇÃO NATURAL DO PINHEIRO-DO-PARANÁ NO ESTADO DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL, BRASIL: A INFLUÊNCIA DE FATORES CLIMÁTICOS E GEOMORFOLÓGICOS
Authors: Fritzsons Elenice , Wrege Marcos Silveira , Mantovani Luiz Eduardo
Published: March 2018

Vários aspectos climáticos estão associados à presença natural da Araucaria angustifolia (Bert) O. Kuntze, mas a importância relativa de cada um deles ainda não foi suficientemente explorada, e pode ser diferente nas diversas regiões nativas da araucária. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar os aspectos climáticos mais fortemente relacionados à presença da espécie no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Para isto, foram separados os locais de ocorrência da araucária (acima de 450 m) e foram utilizados os dados locais de temperatura, insolação, umidade relativa e disponibilidade hídrica. Os dados foram submetidos a testes estatísticos uni e multivariados para discriminar as variáveis climáticas onde a araucária, preferencialmente, se desenvolve. A araucária está adaptada a locais de menores temperaturas, maior risco de ocorrência de geadas e maior disponibilidade hídrica. Outros fatores tais como umidade relativa, insolação e evapotranspiração no verão, caracterizando um verão mais ameno, também foram constatados. Neste trabalho, foi possível concluir que há quatro zonas distintas de ocorrência da araucária, uma na Serra do Sudeste, duas no Planalto Meridional e uma na Serra do Nordeste. Os conhecimentos obtidos permitem definir áreas distintas de conservação in situ e podem auxiliar na elaboração de programas de conservação e melhoramento genético
Imaginar a cidade, viver a cidade: reflexões sobre uma política pública urbana “em processo” e o problema da participação social
Authors: Pereira Neto Francisco
Published: March 2018

Este texto busca refletir sobre o desenvolvimento de um projeto de intervenção que traz como questão central o problema da participação de grupos das periferias urbanas nas ações públicas de constituição do espaço habitado em cidades brasileiras. O objetivo é pensar a partir das ações de agentes públicos no âmbito de um Trabalho Técnico Socioambiental (TSA). Esses agentes são responsáveispor projetos de intervenção no espaço urbano onde há a exigência legal de implantação de processos participativos para o acompanhamento dos trabalhos. Pretendemos mostrar que as relações de poder inerentes às ações de gestão da cidade são fortemente influenciadas pela forma como a cidade e seus territórios são imaginados e reconhecidos como espaço de intervenção. A intenção é entendera lógica de constituição destas ações e sua capacidade de dialogar com as perspectivas da população envolvida sobre suas próprias condições de habitação na cidade.
Uma sociocosmologia e seus componentes: de um modelo mítico às operações xamânicas Ayoreo
Authors: Grünewald Leif Ericksson Nunes
Published: March 2018

Neste artigo, busca-se conectar um conjunto de relatos sobre eventos míticos de constituição de mundos heterogêneos entre si à descrição sobre o xamanismo Ayoreo, um grupo Chaquenho falante de uma língua Zamuco que habita tradicionalmente a região do Chaco Boreal mas distribui-se até a região do alto Paraguay. Com esse propósito, e através da exposição das conexões entre os tempos míticos e as operações xamânicas dos tempos atuais, deseja-se analisar especialmente o modo como ambos se articulam na definição das categorias ontológicas que constam na sociocosmologia Ayoreo e suas espécies distintas de habitantes que a compõem.
CAVALCANTI, Maria Laura (org.). 2014. Ritual e Performance: 4 estudos clássicos. Rio de Janeiro: 7 Letras. 122 pp.
Authors: Bertolo Gabriel
Published: March 2018

Resenha de CAVALCANTI, Maria Laura (org.). 2014. Ritual e Performance: 4 estudos clássicos. Rio de Janeiro: 7 Letras. 122 pp.
Caminhos de ida e caminhos de volta: temporalidade e projetos entre acadêmicos kaingang e guarani na Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL)
Authors: Goulart Ana Caroline
Published: March 2018

Acompanhar o percurso dos acadêmicos indígenas na Universidade não pode ser compreendido como algo linear. Ao contrário, trata-se de um percurso marcado por curvas que, aos poucos, vão indicando diferentes modos de se relacionar com a instituição e seus agentes, com a vida acadêmica e política, com seus desejos profissionais e, ainda, com a própria história e identidade.Permanecer na Universidade e construir o projeto de formação superior não cabe apenas ao acadêmico, mas também a sua rede familiar e lideranças. Essa rede de relações e o reencontro consigo mesmo são alguns dos fatores diretamente associados ao tempo de permanência na graduação, uma temporalidade que é caracterizada pelo afastamento temporário da universidade e pelos trânsitos entre instituições e cursos. Diante disso, procurei compreender essas curvas, trânsitos e significações sobre ser um acadêmico Kaingang e Guarani no norte do estado do Paraná.