bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A de Finetti theorem for quantum causal structures
Authors: Costa Fabio , Barrett Jonathan , Shrapnel Sally
Published: February 2025

What does it mean for a causal structure to be `unknown'? Can we even talk about `repetitions' of an experiment without prior knowledge of causal relations? And under what conditions can we say that a set of processes with arbitrary, possibly indefinite, causal structure are independent and identically distributed? Similar questions for classical probabilities, quantum states, and quantum channels are beautifully answered by so-called "de Finetti theorems", which connect a simple and easy-to-justify condition – symmetry under exchange – with a very particular multipartite structure: a mixture of identical states/channels. Here we extend the result to processes with arbitrary causal structure, including indefinite causal order and multi-time, non-Markovian processes applicable to noisy quantum devices. The result also implies a new class of de Finetti theorems for quantum states subject to a large class of linear constraints, which can be of independent interest.
Superpositions of thermalisations in relativistic quantum field theory
Authors: Foo Joshua , Zych Magdalena
Published: February 2025

Recent results in relativistic quantum information and quantum thermodynamics have independently shown that in the quantum regime, a system may fail to thermalise when subject to quantum-controlled application of the same, single thermalisation channel. For example, an accelerating system with fixed proper acceleration is known to thermalise to an acceleration-dependent temperature, known as the Unruh temperature. However, the same system in a superposition of spatially translated trajectories that share the same proper acceleration fails to thermalise. Here, we provide an explanation of these results using the framework of quantum field theory in relativistic noninertial reference frames. We show how a probe that accelerates in a superposition of spatial translations interacts with incommensurate sets of field modes. In special cases where the modes are orthogonal (for example, when the Rindler wedges are translated in a direction orthogonal to the plane of motion), thermalisation does indeed result, corroborating the here provided explanation. We then discuss how this description relates to an information-theoretic approach aimed at studying quantum aspects of temperature through quantum-controlled thermalisations. The present work draws a connection between research in quantum information, relativistic physics, and quantum thermodynamics, in particular showing that relativistic quantum effects can provide a natural realisation of quantum thermodynamical scenarios.
Reconstruction Of Falak Science Against Astronomy
Authors: Daeng Kurniawan
Published: February 2025

This study discusses astrology and its relationship with modern science, with the aim of overcoming the dichotomy that has so far distinguished astrology as a religious science and astronomy as a non-religious science. This dichotomy has limited astrology to religious aspects, such as the determination of qibla direction, prayer times, the beginning of the lunar month, and eclipse events. This study found that, in Islamic history, astrology not only played a role in religious aspects, but also contributed to the development of scientific methods that support modern astronomy. This reconstruction confirms that astrology has a broader scope than what has been understood so far, including cosmology, astrophysics, and other cosmic phenomena known as falak ilmy. Thus, a paradigm reconstruction of phalac science is needed so that it is not only seen as a religious science but also as an integral part of the development of science as a whole.
Dust Detection on Solar Photovoltaic Panels Used in Optoelectronics with Convolutional Neural Network-Based Deep Learning Models
Authors: UYSAL Fatih
Published: February 2025

Solar photovoltaic panels, one of the optoelectronic device types, contain a large number of photovoltaic cells. The maintenance of these solar panels with photovoltaic cells is very important for the efficiency of the energy obtained from the panel. As time passes, dust may form on the panels due to various weather conditions and environments where the panels are located. In order to maintain the panels in a timely manner and increase energy efficiency, this study aims to detect the dust on the panels. For this reason, an open source dataset consisting of normal, clean and well-maintained solar photovoltaic panels and solar photovoltaic panels containing dust was used. Since the amount of the dataset is small and the amounts in the classes are unbalanced, firstly, various data augmentation operations were performed to increase the number of data amounts and make it balanced. In order to use this balanced dataset in the classification phase with deep learning models, the dataset was divided into 80% training and 20% testing. After this process, a total of four deep learning models based on convolutional neural networks, including MobileNetv1 for dust detection in solar photovoltaic panels and ResNet models with three different number of layers, were used. During these processes, two different optimization methods were used to train each model. As a result of these detection studies, the highest accuracy value was found to be 0.993 in the ResNet model, which was trained using the AdamW optimization method and had 18 layers.
Mineral fertilizers and enzymatic activity of chernozem-like soil used for corn crops
Authors:   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Kalashnikov Rostislav P. , Semyonova Elena A. ,   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Fokin Sergey A. ,   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Zakharova Elena B. ,   Far Eastern State Agrarian University
Published: February 2025

The article presents the results of studying the effect of various doses of mineral nitrogenphosphorus fertilizers on the enzymatic activity of chernozem-like soil used for corn crops, its relationship with agrochemical indicators of soil and yield of corn. The experiment scheme included 7
variants, the total area of plots – 700 m2
, record plot – 32 m2
, four-fold replication. The selection of
soil samples was carried out in the following phases: 3-5 leaves, 9-11 leaves and full ripeness. The control was the soil without fertilizing. Enzymatic activity was determined in air-dried soil samples
in three-fold replication according to the standard methods. The findings of the experiments revealed
the doses of nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizers that have a positive effect on the agrochemical parameters
of the soil and the activity of urease and phosphatase. The greatest activity of urease was observed in
the variant with N120P60 during the entire period of vegetation. The highest phosphatase activity was
in variants N60P30, N90P60, N120P60, N30P30 + N20. Fertilizer application did not have significantly effect
on the catalase activity of the soil. Strong direct correlations between the mineral nitrogen content
and the urease activity of the soil (r = 0.817) were revealed in the phase of full ripeness; between
phosphatase activity and the content of mobile phosphorus (r = 0.793) and mineral nitrogen
(r = 0.761) in the phase of 3-5 leaves. The correlations between the yield of corn and the activity of
urease and phosphatase were positive mainly of medium strength and weak in case of catalase.
The results of the use of potato varieties bred as parental forms by Federal scientific center for agrobiotechnology in the Far East named after A. K. Chaika
Authors:   Federal Scientific Center of Agrobiotechnology in the Far East Named after A. K. Chaika, Kim Irina V. , Anikina Oksana V. ,   Federal Scientific Center of Agrobiotechnology in the Far East Named after A. K. Chaika, Voznyuk Valentina P. ,   Federal Scientific Center of Agrobiotechnology in the Far East Named after A. K. Chaika, Volkov Dmitry I. ,   Federal Scientific Center of Agrobiotechnology in the Far East Named after A. K. Chaika
Published: February 2025

Federal Scientific Center for Agricultural Biotechnology of the Far East named after A. K.
Chaika conducts selection work on potatoes to obtain main economically valuable characteristics.
The objects of the study: the varieties of domestic and foreign selections, hybrids and hybrid combinations obtained by traditional crossbreeding. The work represents the results of the selection performed from years 2002 till 2019. Basic methods of testing: methods of N.I. Vavilov All-Russian
Research Institute of Plant Industry and methods of All-Russian Research Institute of Potato Growing
Named after A.G. Lorkha. The name of one of the varieties involved in breeding as male and female parent forms: Yantar. It was cultivated in the year 2006 at the Federal Center for Agricultural Biotechnology in the Far East named after A. K. Chaika. In the year 2003 the hybrid combinations Yantar
х Alpinist and Yantar х Skoroplodniy were cultivated, and in the year 2016 Yantar x Smak combination stood out with the highest seed yield. In the course of strict selection based on the main economically valuable traits, two hybrid varieties were distinguished, from which promising varieties Augustin and Kazachok were subsequently obtained. Both are table varieties, crop yield 24.1-46.0 t/ha,
the color of tuber pulp is yellow, dry matter content is 20.1-23.2%, starch content is 14.6-16.9%,
vitamin C content is 7.6-14.8 mg/100 g, resistant to virus diseases. The Yantar variety transmitted
positive traits to its offspring. High efficiency of varietal samples of local breeding was found in
intervarietal crossing.
New soybean varieties for the Far East region
Authors:   All-Russian Research Institute of Soya, Fokina Evgenia M. , Belyaeva Galina N. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Soya, Titov Sergey A. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Soya
Published: February 2025

The article presents a description of the early-ripening soybean varieties of new generation
- Sentyabrinka and Statnaya selected by All-Russia Research Institute of Soybean. The work shows
their advantage over the standard early-ripening variety Lidiya. New varieties were created by the
classical breeding method through intraspecific hybridization of ecologically distant forms. Productivity indices in competitive variety testing are given for the years of research. Soybean variety
Sentyabrinka with growing season of 94 days and crop yield of 2,54 t/ha exceeded the standard variety
Lidiya by 0,15 t/ha. Soybean variety Statnaya with growing season of 100 days and crop yield of
2,80 t/ha exceeded the standard by 0,40 t/ha. Both varieties are characterized by a high protein content in seeds - up to 42,3 and 43,0%, by resistance to pests and diseases prevailing in the region: bacteriosis
(bacterium glycineum Coerper), cercosporosis (cercospora kikuhii), phylloctictosis (phyllosticta
soyaecola Macc), root rot (fusarium), septoriosis (septoria glycines Hemmi), peronosporosis (perenospora manchurika). In years 2017–2018 soybean varieties Sentyabrinka and Statnaya passed the
state variety testing (SVT) on the seven state seed-trial grounds (SSTG) of the Far East Region -
Tambovskiy, Svobodnenskiy, Mazanovskiy (Amur Region), Vyazemskiy (Khabarovsk Krai), Amurskiy (Jewish Autonomous Region), Kirovskiy, Ussuriiskiy (Primorskiy Krai). The maximum seed
yield (3,1 t/ha) of the variety Sentyabrinka was obtained at the Mazanovskiy SSTG in the year 2017,
and the variety Statnaya (2,97 t/ha) - on the Amurskiy SSTG in the year 2018. As a result of the state
variety testing, both varieties were recommended and included in the State Register of Selection
Achievements for the use in production in the Far East Region of the Russian Federation in the year
2019, patents have been issued for them.
Un modelo de pensiones personalizado para Costa Rica: Ajuste dinámico del riesgo a través de fondos agresivo y conservador
Authors: Cerdas Malberth
Published: February 2025

El sistema de pensiones de Costa Rica enfrenta importantes desafíos a medida que la población envejece y la esperanza de vida aumenta. Este artículo propone un modelo innovador de fondo de pensiones basado en el riesgo individual, que ajusta las inversiones año a año conforme los afiliados envejecen. El modelo sugiere dos fondos principales: un fondo agresivo para los más jóvenes y un fondo conservador para quienes se acercan a la jubilación. Este diseño maximiza los rendimientos para los trabajadores jóvenes mientras reduce gradualmente el riesgo a medida que se acerca la jubilación, proporcionando una solución sostenible a largo plazo para los desafíos actuales de las pensiones. En comparación con los fondos generacionales, que agrupan a personas con una diferencia de hasta 10 años, el modelo propuesto ofrece un enfoque más personalizado al ajustar el riesgo con mayor precisión. Este trabajo también compara las eficiencias operativas y de supervisión del modelo propuesto frente a los fondos generacionales, destacando sus ventajas en términos de reducción de costos, personalización y simplicidad.
Políticas para el cierre de la brecha digital en Costa Rica
Authors: Jiménez Gómez Roberto
Published: February 2025

Este estudio analiza las políticas públicas desarrolladas por Costa Rica para cerrar la brecha digital. Se analizan las acciones desarrolladas a través del ente rector y regulador. Se estudian las acciones y resultados obtenidos, estableciéndose que las políticas públicas han sido insuficientes, ineficaces y hay falta de coordinación institucional para el logro de los objetivos. La ausencia de línea base, la poca capacidad para ejecutar los fondos de FONATEL, una apertura realizada sin condiciones suficientes a los proveedores, baja competencia de los proveedores y la no aplicación de las buenas prácticas internacionales en cuanto a exigencias a los proveedores para el cierre de la brecha digital, han sido factores negativos en el cierre de la brecha digital.
Analysis of key factors affecting risk tolerance in project-oriented firms using hybrid fuzzy DEMATEL-ISM: An empirical study
Authors: Khalilzadeh Mohammad , Bozanic Darko , Puska Adis
Published: February 2025

Project risk management is one of the project management knowledge areas that
identifies, analyzes and deals with project risks. One of the important
factors influencing the decision-making of a project-based organization is
the level of risk tolerance of organization. This study focuses on the
factors affecting the level of risk tolerance of project-based
organizations. For this purpose, in the first step, the potential factors
affecting risk tolerance are extracted by reviewing the related literature.
In the next step, the factors affecting the organization's risk tolerance
level are identified by using the Fuzzy Delphi method in several steps. The
most effective factors are identified by experts? judgment using a
questionnaire. Then, the relationships between these factors are determined
by using the Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) method. The intensity of
these relationships and the intensity of the effect of the factors are
investigated by using the Fuzzy DEMATEL method. Finally, the factors are
ranked based on their weights by utilizing the Fuzzy DEMATEL method. In this
study, 13 external and internal factors are ranked using questionnaires
based on the experts? opinions. Four external factors include political
conditions and international relations, the conditions of the capital
markets such as stock market, investment security and government support.
These factors have significant influence on the other factors as well as the
project-based organization. The findings of this study direct project
managers to accurately identify the risk tolerance level of the key project
stakeholders in order to efficiently plan and implement project risk
management and achieve project goals.
ROCKET T1D Remote Patient Monitoring Program: Launching Diabetes Management Habits in New-Onset Diabetes
Authors: Alarcon Guido , Lyons Sarah K. , Buckingham Don , Erraguntla Madhav , Sonabend Rona , DeSalvo Daniel J.
Published: February 2025

ROCKET T1D is a remote patient monitoring program created to empower youth with new-onset type 1 diabetes to leverage emerging diabetes technology, improve diabetes self-management habits, and achieve their self-care goals. Youth with new-onset type 1 diabetes in the ROCKET T1D program improved key diabetes self-management habits (e.g., premeal bolusing, diabetes device use, data review, and dose adjustments) and achieved improvements in glycemic outcomes over the course of the program’s 3-month Launch phase.
Sex-Specific Blood Pressure Trajectories and Cardiovascular Disease in Type 1 Diabetes: 32-Year Follow-up of the Pittsburgh Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications Cohort
Authors: Miller Rachel G. , Orchard Trevor J. , Costacou Tina
Published: February 2025

OBJECTIVE

We examined sex differences in longitudinal blood pressure (BP) and 32-year cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence in the Pittsburgh Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications type 1 diabetes cohort.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

BP was measured up to nine (median six) times between 1986–1988 baseline and 2016–2018; n = 300 women and 304 men without CVD at baseline were followed until December 2020 for incidence of total CVD, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (CVD death, myocardial infarction [MI], or stroke), and hard coronary artery disease (hCAD) (CAD death, MI, or coronary revascularization/blockage ≥ 50%). We estimated associations between time to event and longitudinal systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) by sex using joint models adjusted for time-varying longitudinal antihypertensive (AH) medication use, HbA1c, and overt nephropathy, baseline age, and other CVD risk factors.

RESULTS

Longitudinal SBP was 5.8 mmHg lower (P < 0.0001) and DBP 6.2 mmHg lower (P < 0.0001) in women versus men. Women had −0.3 mmHg/year faster DBP decline (P < 0.0001) despite similar AH rates by sex. Incidence of CVD was similar by sex. Each 5-mmHg increment in longitudinal SBP (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.23; 95% CI 1.04, 1.45) and DBP (HR = 1.56; 95% CI 1.20, 2.04) was associated with MACE in men only; DBP (HR = 1.28; 95% CI 1.05, 1.56) was associated with hCAD in women only.

CONCLUSIONS

BP was lower in women than men, and the strength of its association with the initial manifestation of CVD differed by sex. Further research into sex-specific BP mechanisms is needed to improve CVD risk reduction in people living with type 1 diabetes.
School-recorded special educational needs provision in children with major congenital anomalies: a linked administrative records study of births in England, 2003-2013
Authors: Peppa Maria , Lewis Kate Marie , De Stavola Bianca , Hardelid Pia , Gilbert Ruth , On behalf of the HOPE study
Published: February 2025

BackgroundChildren with major congenital anomalies (MCAs) disproportionately experience complex health problems requiring additional health and educational support.
ObjectivesTo describe survival to the start of school and recorded special educational needs (SEN) provision among children with and without administrative record-identified MCAs in England. We present results for 12 system-specific MCA subgroups and 25 conditions. We also describe the change of prevalence in recorded SEN provision before and after SEN reforms in 2014, which were implemented to improve and streamline SEN provision.
MethodsWe created a birth cohort of 6,180,400 singleton children born in England between 1 September 2003 and 31 August 2013 using linked administrative records from the ECHILD database. MCAs were identified using hospital admission and mortality records during infancy. SEN provision in primary school was defined by one or more recording of SEN provision in state-school records during years 1 to 6 (ages 5/6 years to 10/11 years).
ResultsChildren with any MCA had a 5-year survival rate of 95.1% (95% confidence interval (CI) 95.0, 95.2) compared with 99.7% (95% CI 99.7, 99.7) among children without an MCA. 41.6% (75,381/181,324) of children with an MCA had any recorded SEN provision in primary school compared with 25.7% (1,285,572/5,008,598) of unaffected children. Of the 12 system-specific MCA subgroups, children with chromosomal, nervous system and eye anomalies had the highest prevalence of recorded SEN provision. The prevalence of recorded SEN provision decreased by 4.8% (99% CI -5.4, -4.3) for children with any MCA compared with a reduction of 4.2% (99% CI -4.3, -4.2) for unaffected children, when comparing pupils in year 1 before and after 2014.
ConclusionWe observed that approximately two fifths of children with MCAs have some type of SEN provision recorded during primary school, but this proportion varied according to condition and declined following the 2014 SEN reforms, similar to children unaffected by MCAs.
Digitalization of HR management in government agencies
Authors:   Lviv State University of Life Safety, Matkivska Hrystyna , Zachko Oleg ,   Lviv State University of Life Safety
Published: February 2025

Today, the problem of digitalization of operational processes of the HR management system is the lack of automated HR management programs for government agencies, lack of resources, staff reduction, data management, and change management. The development of technologies and information systems creates new opportunities for managing and improving the processes of government agencies. The specifics of public administration require effective HR management on a country or city scale, which makes it necessary to implement effective technological solutions. The purpose. Highlighting the problems of digitalization in HR management, which will provide government agencies with new opportunities to implement changes in HR management. Formation of theoretical foundations and practical skills in the analysis of HR data, development of automation of HR processes to ensure effective management of human resources in the civil service. Research results. Development blocks that can be used to structure the automation of cumbersome HR processes in an organization, demonstrated specific areas of management that can be outsourced to technology, analyzed the scientific works of scientists who have studied the impact of digitalization on human resources processes in the organization, demonstrated and analyzed the number of personnel in the civil protection service, shows the steps to improve and optimize HR processes and shows HR department's capabilities in automating HR processes.
Potential implications of artificial intelligence for project management information system
Authors:   Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture, Berezutskyi Ihor , Honcharenko Tetyana ,   Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture
Published: February 2025

Project management information systems (PMIS) are crucial tools in today's dynamic business environment. With the advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, there are significant opportunities for enhancing PMIS functionalities. The purpose of this article is to analyze current get AI implication for solving PMIS challenges module by module. The results of this study provide theoretical validation that certain modules within PMIS can be enriched through AI integration, thus engendering the emergence of supplementary module facilitated by AI.
A machine learning method for real estate operation projects forecasting
Authors:   Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture, Bushuyev Sergey , Bushuiev Denis ,   Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture, Poletaev Nikolay ,   Odesa National Maritime University, Malaksiano Mykola ,   Odesa National Maritime University, Kravtsov Dmitriy ,   Odesa National Maritime University
Published: February 2025

The study examined the impact of heterogeneous urban night lighting on the possibilities of
improving the forecast accuracy for real estate operations projects in a large city. By transforming
high-resolution night satellite images into light clusters, new dataset features were obtained after
calculating the centers of light clusters and the distances between them. The study used a dataset
on real estate rentals in Houston, Texas, USA. The light clusters were linked to the terrain based
on their geometric coordinates obtained using QGIS. These new features were integrated into a
machine learning model based on the LightGBM regressor. Calculations showed that the
reduction in forecast error (in the mean squared error metric, MSE) for our dataset was 11.8%,
significantly exceeding the influence of other features investigated in the study. The results
suggest that the “light” feature can be considered highly promising for real estate operations
projects.
Application of a Genetic Approach to the Formation of Object Characteristics in Project Products
Authors:   Odesa National Maritime University, Rudenko Sergiy , Kovtun Tetiana ,   Odesa National Maritime University, Smokova Tetiana ,   Odesa National Maritime University, Finohenova Iryna ,   Odesa National Maritime University, Kovtun Dmytro ,   Odesa National Maritime University
Published: February 2025

The modern development of the theory and practice in management, including project
management, is characterized by a tendency to converge various methodologies and approaches.
Approaches typical of the natural sciences, in particular genetics, have recently been actively
used in project management. The genetic approach, combined with the systemic and process
approaches, considers a project as an open, dynamically developing system at the suprabiological
level of an organization. The genetic approach is based on the use of genetics principles
and methods in project management and allows you to build a genetic model of the project. The
genetic model of project products, which is created during the project initialization process,
contains information about the characteristics of project products. The genetic model project
products consist of object, technological, and financial chromosomes of project products. The
article discusses the process of forming the object chromosomes of project products. There are
connections between the object chromosomes of products that reflect the peculiarities of the
formation product parameters. Taking these features into account during the initialization
process allows you to increase project efficiency, which is measured by the discounted payback
period as an element of the phenotype, which is also reflected in the genetic model of the project.
Symptoms variation and molecular characterization of Strawberry vein banding virus in Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Phabiola Trisna Agung , Selangga Dewa Gede Wiryangga , Wirya Gusti Ngurah Alit Susanta , Sudiarta I Putu , Dinarkaya Shah Mahapati , Listihani Listihani
Published: February 2025

Vein banding disease has affected young strawberry leaves in Bali over the past five years. Caused by Strawberry vein banding virus (SVBV), the disease is primarily associated with fruit size reduction, though its exact impact remains unclear. This study aims to assess symptom variation, disease severity, and the molecular characteristics of SVBV in Bali strawberry plants. Field observations and molecular identification were conducted using PCR with SVBV-specific primers targeting the CP gene. Samples were collected from ten locations in Bali, including Pancasari, Candikuning, Wanagiri, Gobleg, and Kembang Merta. SVBV DNA from Candikuning, Pancasari, and Kembang Merta was successfully amplified, confirming SVBV infection as the cause of vein banding symptoms. SVBV induces vein banding with upward and downward leaf curling. Disease incidence was highest in Pancasari 1 and 3 (80%) and lowest in Wanagiri 1 and Gobleg (20–28%). Disease severity ranged from 13% to 83%, with the highest recorded in Pancasari, Buleleng, and the lowest in Kembang Merta, Tabanan. Molecular analysis revealed that the SVBV isolate from Bali shares 99.3–100% sequence homology with Chilean isolates. Phylogenetic analysis showed clustering with SVBV isolates from the United States, Brazil, and Chile. This study provides the first molecular characterization of SVBV in Bali, contributing to a better understanding of its epidemiology and potential impact on strawberry production.
Potilaiden kokema toimijuus perusterveydenhuollossa toteutetussa työkykykoordinaattoripalvelussa
Authors: Nurmi Hanna , Vähätalo Lauri , Siukola Anna , Reho Tiia , Atkins Salla , Sumanen Markku , Viljamaa Mervi , Sauni Riitta
Published: February 2025

Työkyvyn tuesta hyötyvien henkilöiden tunnistaminen sekä yksilöllisesti suunnattujen työkyvyn tukitoimien kehittäminen ovat ajankohtaisia työvoiman riittävyyden turvaamiseksi. Tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli tuottaa tietoa siitä, miten potilaat kokivat toimijuutensa perusterveydenhuollossa toteutetussa työkykykoordinaattoripalvelussa. Euroopan sosiaalirahaston rahoittamassa TYKYTUOhankkeessa toteutettiin kahden kunnan perusterveydenhuollossa merkintäkäytäntö, jossa hoitajat ja lääkärit havainnoivat sekä kirjasivat vastaanotolla, liittyikö työikäisten potilaiden käynnin syy työhön tai oliko heillä työkyvyn tuen tarvetta. Perusterveydenhuoltoon palkatut työkykykoordinaattorit kontaktoivat merkinnän saaneet potilaat ja tarjosivat heille mahdollisuutta tulla vastaanotolleen. Tutkimuksessa haastateltiin työkykykoordinaattorin tavanneita potilaita (n=10) kahdesti: ensimmäisen työkykykoordinaattoritapaamisen jälkeen ja noin puoli vuotta ensimmäisestä tapaamisesta. Induktiivisella sisällönanalyysilla aineistosta löydettiin kaksi yläluokkaa ja neljä alaluokkaa. Yläluokat jakautuivat potilaiden yksilölliseen kokemukseen rakenteiden luomasta passiivisuudesta sekä potilaiden kokemukseen autonomisuudesta. Potilaiden kokemukset toimijuudesta ja osallisuudesta vahvistuivat työkykykoordinaattoripalvelun myötä. Työkykykoordinaattoripalvelun koettiin myös toimineen merkittävänä toimintamallina yksilöllisten ja asiakaslähtöisten työkyvyn tukitoimien toteutumisessa. Tulosten perusteella työkykykoordinaattoripalvelulla olisi paikkansa osana työikäisten palvelukokonaisuutta perusterveydenhuollossa yhdenvertaisten työkyvyn tuen palvelujen saatavuuden turvaamiseksi ja potilaiden toimijuuden kokemuksen vahvistamiseksi.
Terveysosiaalityöntekijöiden näkemyksiä sosiaalityöstä erikoissairaanhoidossa
Authors: Riekkinen-Tuovinen Sointu , Ylönen Anni , Allimaa Jenni
Published: February 2025

Tutkimuksessa tarkasteltiin terveyssosiaalityöntekijöiden näkemyksiä työnsä sisällöstä sekä sen annista potilaalle ja moniammatilliselle työryhmälle. Tavoitteena oli lisätä tietoa ja ymmärrystä terveyssosiaalityön sisällöistä ja tehtävistä erikoissairaanhoidossa.
Sosiaali- ja terveydenhuoltoon suunniteltu uudistus käynnisti Kuopion yliopistollisen sairaalan (KYS) terveyssosiaalityössä keskustelun terveyssosiaalityön roolista ja sisällöstä. KYSin sosiaalityöntekijät saivat tehtäväksi selkiyttää terveyssosiaalityön työnkuvaa. Tutkimuksemme pohjautui marraskuussa 2018 järjestetyn KYSin sosiaalityöntekijöiden kehittämisiltapäivän tehtäviin ja yhteenvetoon. Aineisto koostui kehittämisiltapäivän pienryhmissä tehdyistä muistiinpanoista. Aineiston tuottamiseen osallistui noin 40 sosiaalityöntekijää. Aineisto analysoitiin kaksiosaisesti: ensin aineistolähtöisellä sisällönanalyysillä ja toisessa vaiheessa vertaamalla tuloksia teoriaohjaavasti Väisäsen sosiaalihyödyn käsitteen näkökulmiin ja sisältöihin. Tutkimuksemme pohjautui käytäntötutkimukselliseen tutkimusperinteeseen, autoetnografisin piirtein. Artikkelillamme haluamme osallistua yhteiskunnalliseen keskusteluun terveyssosiaalityön merkityksestä.
Sosiaalityöntekijöiden kokemusten mukaan terveyssosiaalityön tärkeintä antia potilaan kannalta ovat 1.) kohtaaminen ja läsnäolo, 2.) psykososiaalinen tuki, 3.) tiedon välittäminen, 4.) verkostotyö ja 5.) asiantuntijuus. Työryhmän kannalta tärkeimpänä antina pidetään 1.) kokonaisvaltaista näkökulmaa, 2.) sosiaalityön asiantuntijuutta sekä 3.) verkostotyötä ja konsultointia.
Tutkimuksessa ilmeni, että terveyssosiaalityötä ja sen tehtävää on mahdollista tarkastella uudesta näkökulmasta sosiaalihyödyn käsitteen kautta. Tutkimus tuo esille terveyssosiaalityöntekijän laaja-alaisen ja monimuotoisen työn potilaiden ja työryhmän tukena. Jatkossa olisi tarpeellista tutkia terveyssosiaalityötä ja sen tuottamaa sosiaalihyötyä potilaan itsensä ja läheistensä kokemuksena sekä laajentamalla tutkimusta terveyssosiaalityölle läheisiin ammattiryhmiin, kuten hoitajiin ja lääkäreihin.
Tilannetietoisuus erikoissairaanhoidon potilasturvallisuudessa:
Authors: Saarikoski Tuula , Haatainen Kaisa , Roine Risto , Turunen Hannele
Published: February 2025

Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli kuvata esihenkilöiden näkemyksiä tilannetietoisuudesta potilasturvallisuusjohtamisessa. Erityisesti tavoitteena oli selvittää, kuinka potilasturvallisuuteen vaikuttavien tilanteiden ja olosuhteiden tunnistaminen ja havaitseminen ilmenee esihenkilöiden päivittäisessä johtamisessa sekä päätöksenteossa.
Aineisto koottiin Webropol kyselynä vuonna 2017. Kysely osoitettiin neljän eri sairaanhoitopiirin erikoissairaanhoidon kaikille esihenkilöinä toimiville osastonhoitajille ja osastonlääkäreille sekä sairaanhoitopiirin johdolle (sairaanhoitopiirin johtajat, ylilääkärit ja ylihoitajat) (N=124).
Ammattiryhmien välillä oli eroa (p=0,003) sen suhteen, kuinka henkilöstöä kannustetaan tekemään vaaratilanneilmoituksia. Tuloksista myös ilmeni, että hoitajataustaiset esihenkilöt esittelivät erilaisissa palavereissa potilasturvallisuuteen liittyviä asioita (p=0,006), kun taas lääkäritaustaiset esihenkilöt tunnistivat riskien arvioinnin merkityksen useammin (p=0,010). Lääkäritaustaiset esihenkilöt käyttivät johtamisessaan hoitajataustaisia esihenkilöitä harvemmin vaaratilanneilmoituksista saatavaa tietoa (p =0,013).
Digitaalisten terveyspalveluiden käytön haasteet ja rajoitteet 75 vuotta täyttäneiden kansalaisten kokemana
Authors: Varjakoski Hanna , Tiilikainen Elisa
Published: February 2025

Julkiset terveyspalvelut ovat digitalisoituneet nopeasti niin Suomessa kuin muualla maailmalla. Muutoksen taustalla on pyrkimys palveluiden parempaan saavutettavuuteen ja kansalaisten osallistamiseen oman terveyden seurannassa ja hoidossa. Samanaikaisesti merkittävä osa iäkkäimmästä väestöstä uhkaa jäädä niiden ulkopuolelle. Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena on tarkastella millaisia haasteita ja rajoitteita 75 vuotta täyttäneet kansalaiset kokevat digitaalisia terveyspalveluita käyttäessään, ja millaisia tekijöitä niiden taustalla on. Tutkimusaineistona on käytetty laadullisia haastatteluja (N=24), joiden yhteydessä hyödynnettiin media-go-along -menetelmää. Tulokset osoittavat digitaalisten terveyspalvelujen käytön haasteiden ja rajoitteiden liittyvän erityisesti verkkosivujen kehnoon käytettävyyteen, digitaalisen ajanvarauksen ongelmiin sekä digipalveluiden koettuun kasvottomuuteen ja reaaliaikaisuuden puutteeseen. Lisäksi digitaalisten palveluiden käyttöä haastoivat tai rajoittivat yksilöön liittyvinä tekijöinä digiosaamisen ja -välineiden puute, haluttomuus käyttää digitaalisia palveluita sekä fyysiset ja kognitiiviset muutokset. Tutkimus tuottaa uutta tietoa siitä, miten julkisten digitaalisten terveyspalveluiden käyttäjäläheisyys todellisuudessa toteutuu iäkkäiden käyttäjäryhmien näkökulmasta ja tuo näkyviin tarpeen kiinnittää entistä enemmän huomiota digitaalisten palveluiden saavutettavuuteen osana palveluiden suunnittelua ja kehittämistä.
Koulun turvallisuuskulttuuria arvioimassa
Authors: Somerkoski Brita , Lindfors Eila , Kokki Julia
Published: February 2025

Koulua koskevat turvallisuustutkimukset keskittyvät yleensä turvallisuuspoikkeamiin tai tapahtumamäärien kartoittamiseen. Toteutimme lukuvuonna 2022–2023 14 suomalaisessa perusopetuksen kouluissa intervention, jonka tavoitteena oli kehittää kouluorganisaation turvallisuuskulttuuria. Artikkelissa kuvaamme muutoksia, joita havaitsimme intervention jälkeen fokusryhmähaastattelujen turvallisuuspuheessa. Haastatteluihin osallistui 139 (DATA I n=96; DATA II n=43) henkilöä. Teoreettisena viitekehyksenä olivat tutkimuskirjallisuudesta tiivistetyt koulujen turvallisuuskulttuurin elementit: turvallisuuden johtaminen, ennakointi, kompetenssin varmistaminen ja sosiaalinen turvallisuusympäristö.
Analysoimme koulujen fokusryhmähaastatteluaineistot teoriaohjaavan sisältöanalyysin avulla neljän turvallisuuskulttuurin elementin ja viisiportaisen turvallisuuskulttuurin laatuasteikon perusteella. Tutkimusta varten hankittiin koulukohtaiset tutkimusluvat ja laadittiin tutkimustiedotteet Aineistonhallintasuunnitelmaan sisällytettiin aineiston säilytykseen ja arkistointiin liittyvät lähtökohdat. Fokusryhmähaastattelut toteutettiin 14 koulussa kahteen kertaan. Koulut olivat alakouluja (n=8), yläkouluja (n=4) ja yhtenäiskouluja (n=2). Tutkimuskoulujen oppilasmäärä oli yhteensä 5947. Jokaisesta koulusta kutsuttiin fokusryhmähaastatteluun 6–8 osallistujaa.
Fokusryhmien turvallisuuspuheessa havaittiin intervention jälkeen turvallisuuskulttuuria ilmentävä muutos kaikkien neljän elementin osalta. Merkittävin muutoksista oli turvallisuusjohtamiseen liittyvä. Tämä näkyi systemaattisuuden lisääntymisenä ja turvallisuuden työvälineiden käyttöön ottamisessa. Intervention jälkeen havaittiin turvallisuuteen liittyvän vuorovaikutuksen tiivistymistä organisaatiossa, esimerkiksi turvallisuustoimenpiteitä oli alettu toteuttaa tiimirakenteella. Oppilaiden osallistaminen turvallisuusasioissa lisääntyi. Turvallisuuspoikkeamatiedon keräämiseen ja käsittelyyn käytettiin aiempaa enemmän resursseja. Tämä mahdollisti ennakoivan otteen turvallisuuden hallintaan.
Muutoksen keskiössä oli koulun rehtori, joka ohjasi turvallisuuskulttuuriin liittyvää toimintaa ja teki siihen liittyviä päätöksiä, mutta toisaalta osallistui myös käytännön turvallisuusongelmien ratkaisemiseen. Turvallisuuden hallinnan onnistumisen merkkejä olivat ennakoivat toimenpiteet, tiimirakenne tehtävien jakamisessa sekä organisaatio- ja hallintokuntarajojen ylittäminen turvallisuuden edistämiseksi. Tutkimus on osa ONNI on turvallinen koulu -hanketta
De cómo descubrir el Enigma de la poesía. Decisiones de diseño
Authors: Castro Heredia María Noemi
Published: February 2025

The project uses the videogame as strategy between the undersranding of language and visual representation, that is, The Enigma of poetry, pursues the audiovisual translation that the verses of poetry awaken, by creating a universe that relates image with linguistic games. The player will solve the challengers that will arise when reading, undestanding and interpreting a poem, with the aim of stimulating and motivating adolescents to know, interpret and value a poetic text.
Of Lyme disease and machine learning in a One Health world
Authors: Berke Olaf , Chan Sarah T. , Orang Armin
Published: February 2025

Objective

Lyme disease is a vector-borne emerging zoonosis in Ontario driven by human population growth and climate change. Lyme disease is also a prime example of the One Health concept. While little can be done to immediately reverse climate change and population growth, public health must resort to health communication as its best option for disease control until an effective vaccine becomes available. Disease surveillance enabling precision public health has an important role in this respect: one of the goals of disease surveillance is to forecast the future burden of disease to inform those who need to know. The goal of this study was to forecast the burden of Lyme disease using automated machine learning and statistical learning approaches.

Methods

Lyme disease reports were retrieved from Ontario’s integrated Public Health Information System surveillance system from January 2005 to December 2023. The reports from January 2005 to December 2021 were used as training data, and reports from January 2022 to December 2023 served as validation data. Forecasts from a seasonal autoregressive integrated moving-average model were used as a benchmark for forecasts from a feed-forward single-layer neural network machine learning algorithm.

Results

The Lyme disease burden in Ontario is predicted to increase dramatically. Neither the neural network nor the seasonal autoregressive integrated moving-average model proved to be generally more accurate.

Conclusions

The increasing burden of human Lyme disease is concerning to public health, further indicating ecosystem changes and challenges for canine health.

Clinical Relevance

Human Lyme disease surveillance provides useful information to veterinarians.
Teacher’s Perceptions toward Teaching-Learning Pedagogy and Professional Development: Insights from Nepal
Authors: Acharya Bisna
Published: February 2025

Introduction:
Teachers’ views on teaching-learning pedagogy include effective instructional methods, learning preferences, assessment strategies, and classroom management. This study aims to investigate the viewpoints of teachers regarding the teaching-learning pedagogy and professional development opportunities of the school teachers that are available in the field of education.

Methods:
Purposive and multistage sampling and quantitative and qualitative analysis are used. This method allows for thorough research area exploration. This method enhances data quality and makes research findings more applicable to real-world education.

Results:
The findings offer a thorough overview of the perspectives, attitudes, and experiences of educators regarding instructional approaches and opportunities for growth in their field. A comprehensive investigation reveals the importance of educators’ perspectives in shaping classroom practices, embracing new ideas, and fostering a culture of ongoing learning.

Discussion:
As per the findings, teachers get allowances, training, meetings, seminars, and further courses to advance professionally. Policies affect teacher training and benefits. Some parents were enthusiastic about free education, while others were moderate or supportive, according to instructors.

Limitations:
This study has focused primarily on the development of basic and primary education in Nepal, both in the past and present.

Conclusions:
Educational institutions can tailor development programmes to teachers’ needs by acknowledging and addressing these perceptions. Policymakers can use the findings to raise awareness of the changing landscape that promotes mandatory and accessible high-quality education.
Urban Elementary School Students’ Participation in the After-School Program: The Role of Parental Priorities, Perceptions and Socioeconomic Status
Authors: Acar Esin , Delibaş Kayhan
Published: February 2025

Introduction:
During after-school hours, children and young people, especially those in the middle class, often occupy themselves with playtime or some sort of social activity. Thus, the main concerns of the study are the involvement of after-school programme attendance, the implementation of after-school programs, and the relationship of this situation with the socio-economic status of the family.

Methods:
A two-part questionnaire was used to ask the parents their personal demographic information and information relating to their choices, opinions, and preferences regarding after-school programs to achieve the purpose of the study.

Results:
The estimates of students’ academic achievement for the grade levels assessed were predominantly above average or higher (n=404; 74.4%). Also, the parent’s expectations for their children’s success were high (n=131; 24.1% near average and n=8; 1.5% at a below-average level).

Discussion:
This study examined the factors influencing the participation of fourth-grade elementary school students in after-school programmes, as well as the effect the students’ families’ socio-economic and cultural status has on the parents’ opinions and preferences regarding after-school programs and the participation of their children.

Limitations:
The preferences and explanations of 543 parents do not allow the generalization of the results to the whole population.

Conclusions:
The results show a strong positive correlation between the socioeconomic income level and the after-school participation.
On Legislative and Institutional Reforms in Pre-University Education System in Albania
Authors: Kume Enida
Published: February 2025

Introduction:
The analysis of the reforms in the pre-university education system carried out in Albania after the changes in the political and economic system, 1992-2022, is the object of this study.

Methods:
The study was conducted as a “desk study”. The assesment on the quality of the reforms carried out was carried out using the analysis method and comparative analysis.

Results:
Reforms in the pre-university education system in Albania have changed its objectives, structure and content, aligning it with the systems implemented in other countries of the region and the EU.

Limitations:
The reforms are an ongoing process whose effects require time to be evaluated.

Conclusions:
Reforms in the pre-university education system in Albania are developed in accordance with the principles and requirements that enable its alignment with the educational systems of democratic countries and the EU. Their main objective is to prepare the new generation capable of facing the challenges of open and global society.
Study of the Preplasma Generation for Flat and Nanostructured Targets in Case of Oblique Radiation Incidence
Authors: Zubarev A. , Ong J. F. , Berceanu A. C. , Cuzminschi M. , Tesileanu O.
Published: February 2025

In this proceeding, we compare the preplasma generation in front of the flat and nanostructured targets for different angles of laser incidence. We use radiation-hydrodynamic FLASH code to simulate the laser prepulse interaction with aluminum foil and aluminum nanowire array with aluminum support. During the preplasma evolution, we observe the following stages: heating of the target, generation of preplasma cloud, nanowire implosion and the increase of preplasma density in front of the target, generation of the overcritical-density regions in front of the regions, and joining of the overcritical density regions into a continuous overcritical density layer. The rate of preplasma generation varies in function of the tilting angle. For small tilting angles it decreases with its variation. The rate of preplasma generation is minimal for the tilting angle of about 15 degrees. For lower and higher values of the tilting angle, the preplasma generation ratio is greater. Back-reflection for the nanostructured targets is lower than for the flat target. Its value also depends on the angle of laser incidence. This aspect can potentially increase the safety and the performance of the experiments.
Gegen eine rückwärtsgewandte Wirtschaftspolitik — unbequeme Wahrheiten mit hoher Halbwertszeit
Authors: Schmidt Christoph M.
Published: February 2025

In 2013, the German Council of Economic Experts advised the then future German government to pursue a decisively market-oriented economic reform agenda in the fields of labour market and pension policy, tax policy and climate policy. Yet, policy makers have ignored this advice, basically disregarding the foreseeable demographic transformation. Meanwhile, new additional challenges have emerged, which require a seriously revitalised German economy. Thus, the next German government should shift to a market-oriented course in its economic policy, particularly by unleashing entrepreneurial motivation.
Wo steht die Grundsicherung für Arbeitsuchende nach der Bürgergeld-Reform?
Authors: Gellermann Jan , Penz Reinhard , Lobato Philipp Ramos
Published: February 2025

According to political parties SPD and Bündnis 90/Die Grünen, the “Bürgergeld” or welfare reform should be nothing less than a farewell to “Hartz IV”, the basic income support for jobseekers that was designed by the same parties almost twenty years ago as a reform of the system of unemployment and welfare benefits. On closer inspection, however, the propagated caesura proves to be exaggerated. The reform does not break with the past, but rather combines a large number of reform elements that were previously developed, regionally tested and partly established. Accordingly, the growth initiative (Wachstumsinitiative) – which ended when the current government coalition broke up – would not have represented a radical change of course either. Rather, it was a renewed attempt to bring elements into a different balance.