bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of aseptic surge tank venting on equipment sterilization
Authors: Scucuglia Marcio , Schmidt Flávio , Vitali Alfredo , Ros-Polski Valquiria
Published: March 2019

Abstract Aseptic surge tank (AST) systems are applied to aseptic production in order to store sterile product until aseptic filling, maintaining the commercial sterility condition achieved from previous production steps. To avoid microbial recontamination of the product, a sterility condition must be achieved in the aseptic tank system through the application of a heating, venting, and sterilization cycle. This cycle must follow specific validation protocols to ensure operational integrity - FDA 21 CFR Part 113.40g (ii). The demand for larger capacity systems and the implication of this volume increase on sterilization efficiency require a review of results obtained from current validation protocols. The purpose of this work was to evaluate aseptic surge tank’s venting cycles, studying internal pressure and temperature distribution to better understand this operation and its efficiency. Tests carried out at an industrial setting showed that the venting cycle was insufficient, with 13%-23% of air remaining inside the tank. Consequently, the subsequent sterilization process was not conducted under saturated steam condition. This different condition may change the kinetics for thermal destruction of microorganism spores from a moist heat state to a drier state in which its thermal resistance is higher. This finding raises a question regarding the true efficacy of the sterilization process and validation protocols currently used by the industry. The apparent success of current sterilization processes could be due to the application of excessive temperature and longer times. New operational and validation criteria will result in improvements in product integrity protection and operational cost reductions.
O dom e a dádiva entre parteiras do Amapá: uma abordagem etnográfica
Authors: Cardoso Marcus André de Souza , Nascimento Raysa
Published: March 2019

Resumo Este artigo trata das visões de mundo e práticas das parteiras tradicionais que moram em Santana (AP, Brasil). Tendo como base pesquisa de campo de caráter etnográfico e entrevistas semiestruturadas, apresentamos o entendimento dessas mulheres acerca do seu ofício, destacando a centralidade desempenhada pelas noções nativas de dom e de divino nesse universo. Também apresentamos e interpretamos a dimensão simbólica das relações estabelecidas entre essas mulheres, as parturientes e a entidade nomeada por elas como Deus. Neste contexto, observamos que as obrigações relacionadas aos endividamentos não compulsórios no dar-receber-retribuir, apontado na maioria dos estudos sobre parteiras, não se restringem à relação entre família da parturiente e parteira. Na concepção local, as relações relevantes de obrigação concatenadas ao dom para o ofício se estabelecem entre humanos e Deus. Grosso modo, a contradádiva é efetivada no atendimento às gestantes, mas como uma espécie de obrigação diante de Deus. Assim, o atendimento às mulheres que procuram as parteiras é entendido como o meio adequado de saldar a dívida adquirida com o ser divino.
O território e as implicações da violência urbana no processo de trabalho dos agentes comunitários de saúde em uma unidade básica
Authors: Almeida Juliana Feliciano de , Peres Maria Fernanda Tourinho , Fonseca Thais Lima
Published: March 2019

Resumo No contexto da atenção primária à saúde, a violência urbana é um desafio que tem impactado diretamente o setor por conta da localização geográfica dos equipamentos de saúde em áreas de vulnerabilidade e da maior interação dos trabalhadores com situações que colocam em perigo, implícita ou explicitamente, sua segurança. O artigo discute as implicações desse fenômeno no trabalho e na construção dos vínculos estabelecidos entre os agentes comunitários de saúde (ACS) com a população em um território. Foi utilizada a metodologia qualitativa e o referencial teórico das representações sociais para compreender como a execução das políticas de saúde se concretiza no cotidiano à luz das interações, dos conflitos e das decisões que permeiam os contatos com o público na produção do serviço. Como resultado, destacamos que a violência e as representações em torno desta interferem na produção de estratégias de promoção e prevenção e na produção dos vínculos, tornando os canais de negociações mais restritos. É fundamental que o processo de trabalho das equipes de saúde esteja fortalecido com discussões e articulação em rede na minimização dos riscos individuais sobre seus trabalhadores e como possibilidade de efetivação dos pressupostos da integralidade do cuidado e redução das iniquidades.
Percepção de conselheiros de saúde acerca do tema agrotóxicos: o papel da participação social em uma sociedade que adoece
Authors: Soares Marcia Maria Arenhart , Zuchi Ana Paula , Lopes Carla Vanessa Alves , Anjos Mônica de Caldas Rosa dos
Published: March 2019

Resumo Este estudo tem como objetivo conhecer a percepção de conselheiros de saúde sobre o tema dos agrotóxicos. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório com abordagem qualitativa, utilizando, para a coleta de dados, a técnica de grupo focal e, para a interpretação dos resultados, a análise de discurso de abordagem francesa. Foram realizados dois grupos com conselheiros membros de três Conselhos Locais de Saúde de Curitiba (PR). Na percepção dos grupos, o agrotóxico foi relacionado a veneno, mas também a uma necessidade econômica. Os grupos reconhecem o impacto dos agrotóxicos na saúde e no ambiente - no entanto, destacam que seu uso é necessário para garantir a produção agrícola. A temática, até o momento, não havia sido abordada em reuniões dos conselhos de saúde, e seus membros relataram não se sentir empoderados para a discussão, não se percebendo como sujeitos de transformação. Diante desse cenário, é necessário propor ações que possibilitem o debate e problematizem as situações-limite, visando a assunção dos conselheiros como sujeitos, de modo a promover a compreensão da realidade para uma atuação mais crítica e transformadora.
Construção e aplicação de um índice de vulnerabilidade humana à mudança do clima para o contexto brasileiro: a experiência do estado do Espírito Santo1
Authors: Santos Rhavena Barbosa dos , Menezes Júlia Alves , Confalonieri Ulisses , Madureira Ana Paula , Duval Isabela de Brito , Garcia Poliana Pedro , Margonari Carina
Published: March 2019

Resumo A mudança do clima representa séria ameaça para a população humana, causando impactos em diferentes setores. Conhecer os fatores que elevam a vulnerabilidade do ser humano à mudança do clima permite identificar pontos críticos e direcionar ações imediatas para reduzi-la. Assim, este estudo desenvolveu e aplicou um índice de vulnerabilidade à mudança do clima para as microrregiões do Espírito Santo, abarcando os elementos fundamentais da vulnerabilidade - exposição, sensibilidade e capacidade adaptativa. Anomalias climáticas de precipitação e temperatura também foram usadas para estimar as alterações para o futuro. A construção dos indicadores se baseou na atribuição de notas indicativas de vulnerabilidade para cada grupo de municípios (clustering), com posterior média aritmética e padronização dos valores para gerar índices variando entre 0 e 1. Verificou-se que a microrregião Noroeste apresenta vulnerabilidade extremamente elevada, em virtude de características, sociodemográficas, econômicas e ambientais. Todo o estado poderá ser afetado por alterações do clima futuro, principalmente pelo aumento de temperaturas médias. O norte do estado poderá ter aumento no número de dias secos consecutivos. Espera-se que esses resultados contribuam para orientar ações de adaptação à mudança do clima e aumentar a resiliência do território a partir da identificação das vulnerabilidades existentes.
Obstáculos y estrategias de afrontamiento en la atención renal: estudio cualitativo en jóvenes con enfermedad renal crónica en diálisis peritoneal
Authors: Díaz-Medina Blanca Alejandra , Mercado-Martínez Francisco Javier
Published: March 2019

Resumen Este trabajo se propone identificar los obstáculos que enfrentan individuos jóvenes en tratamiento de diálisis peritoneal, así como examinar las estrategias de afrontamiento que utilizan en la atención renal. Para ello, se llevó a cabo un estudio cualitativo desde una perspectiva crítico-interpretativa. Participaron 12 jóvenes con insuficiencia renal y en tratamiento de diálisis peritoneal, viviendo en Guadalajara, México. Mediante un muestreo por bola de nieve, se seleccionaron siete hombres y cinco mujeres. La información se obtuvo mediante entrevistas narrativas y observación participante, además de conversaciones en WhatsApp y Facebook. Se hizo análisis de contenido. Además del consentimiento informado, se aseguró el anonimato y la confidencialidad de la información. Los resultados desvelan cuatro ejes temáticos que emergen del análisis de la información: Enfrentando dificultades económicas, Viviendo las deficiencias de los servicios de salud, Interferencias en la comunicación con los profesionales sanitarios y En búsqueda permanente de estrategias. Múltiples estrategias se emplean para enfrentar los problemas económicos, la falta de información y el control emocional. Se observó que la falta de recursos económicos es el principal obstáculo que enfrentan los jóvenes en diálisis. Estos jóvenes impulsan estrategias, junto con familiares y sus pares, para afrontar las dificultades.
ADHD and Gender: subjective experiences of children in Chile
Authors: Uribe Pía , Abarca-Brown Gabriel , Radiszcz Esteban , López-Contreras Eleonora
Published: March 2019

Abstract Although research on ADHD has tended to ignore gender differentials, recent contributions produced mainly from epidemiology have revealed that this diagnostic category seems to be strongly related to gender. However, these contributions seem to limit their scope to the study of the symptoms as well as cognitive, affective and social functioning of children, leaving aside subjective aspects associated with the ADHD practices of diagnosis and treatment. Thus, this article aims to explore how the gender dimension crosses the subjective experience of children diagnosed with ADHD. Based on open interviews conducted with children between the ages of 7 and 13, we show general trends that articulate gender and characteristics associated with the ADHD diagnosis, while at the same time, with children’s experiences that dislocate such trends. The findings were grouped according to four emerging axes: (1) locations, (2) abilities, (3) approches, (4) interactions. Thus, we will show how the experience of boys and girls is multiple in relation to the diagnosis and it is not possible to be reduced to a gender binary perspective.
Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Leishmania spp. in domestic donkeys from Portugal
Authors: Rodrigues Filipa Teixeira , Pereira Catarina , Dubey Jitender Prakash , Nóvoa Miguel , Quaresma Miguel , Schallig Henk , Cardoso Luís , Lopes Ana Patrícia
Published: March 2019

Abstract Toxoplasma gondii and Leishmania infantum are zoonotic protozoal parasites. Serum samples were obtained from 186 donkeys (Equus africanus asinus) from Portugal and assessed for antibodies to T. gondii by the modified agglutination test (MAT). For titration of antibodies to Leishmania spp. the direct agglutination test was used (DAT). Eleven donkeys were seropositive for T. gondii with titres of 20 (n = 7), 80 (n = 2), 640 (n = 1) and ≥ 2560 (n = 1). One donkey was seropositive for Leishmania spp. (titre of 800). Donkeys in Portugal are exposed to and can be infected with T. gondii and Leishmania spp.
Prospective Observational Study of Pazopanib in Patients with Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma (PRINCIPAL Study)
Authors: Schmidinger Manuela , Bamias Aristotelis , Procopio Giuseppe , Hawkins Robert , Sanchez Angel Rodriguez , Vázquez Sergio , Srihari Narayanan , Kalofonos Haralabos , Bono Petri , Pisal Chaitali Babanrao , Hirschberg Yulia , Dezzani Luca , Ahmad Qasim , Jonasch Eric ,   on behalf of the PRINCIPAL Study Group
Published: March 2019

Background

Real-world data are essential to accurately assessing efficacy and toxicity of approved agents in everyday practice. PRINCIPAL, a prospective, observational study, was designed to confirm the real-world safety and efficacy of pazopanib in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

Subjects, Materials, and Methods

Patients with clear cell advanced/metastatic RCC and a clinical decision to initiate pazopanib treatment within 30 days of enrollment were eligible. Primary objectives included progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), relative dose intensity (RDI) and its effect on treatment outcomes, change in health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and safety. We also compared characteristics and outcomes of clinical-trial-eligible (CTE) patients, defined using COMPARZ trial eligibility criteria, with those of non-clinical-trial-eligible (NCTE) patients. Secondary study objectives were to evaluate clinical efficacy, safety, and RDI in patient subgroups.

Results

Six hundred fifty-seven patients were enrolled and received ≥1 dose of pazopanib. Median PFS and OS were 10.3 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 9.2–12.0) and 29.9 months (95% CI, 24.7 to not reached), respectively, and the ORR was 30.3%. HRQoL showed no or little deterioration over time. Treatment-related serious adverse events (AEs) and AEs of special interest occurred in 64 (9.7%), and 399 (60.7%) patients, respectively. More patients were classified NCTE than CTE (85.2% vs. 14.8%). Efficacy of pazopanib was similar between the two groups.

Conclusion

PRINCIPAL confirms the efficacy and safety of pazopanib in patients with advanced/metastatic RCC in a real-world clinical setting.

Implications for Practice

PRINCIPAL is the largest (n = 657) prospective, observational study of pazopanib in patients with advanced/metastatic renal cell carcinoma, to the authors’ knowledge. Consistent with clinical trial results that often contain specific patient types, the PRINCIPAL study demonstrated that the effectiveness and safety of pazopanib is similarly safe and effective in patients with advanced kidney cancer in a real-world clinical setting. The PRINCIPAL study showed that patients with advanced kidney cancer who are treated with first-line pazopanib generally do not show disease progression for approximately 10 months and generally survive for nearly 30 months.
Effectiveness of geosynthetic reinforcement for load transfer in column-supported embankments
Authors: McGuire M. , Sloan J. , Filz G.
Published: March 2019

Many column-supported embankment (CSE) design methods include geosynthetic reinforcement for vertical load transfer and/or settlement reduction regardless of project conditions. However, geosynthetic reinforcement may not be necessary for all applications, particularly if a sufficiently thick and strong soil layer overlies the compressible soil. A strong soil layer can transfer embankment loads to the columns without much differential settlement at the base of the embankment, limiting the development of tension in the reinforcement. If weak and compressible soil extends to the ground surface and the area replacement ratio is low, differential settlements may be so large that it may not be practically possible to provide enough reinforcement to avoid excessive strain or rupture. This paper describes parametric studies using the Load Displacement Compatibility method to investigate the influences of embankment height, geosynthetic stiffness, column diameter, and thickness of an upper sand layer on geosynthetic strain, differential settlement at the base of the embankment, and load distribution among the CSE components. Results of the parametric study show that site conditions, CSE system geometry, and performance requirements limit the range of circumstances for which geosynthetic reinforcement for settlement reduction is needed, effective, and practically possible.
Ground response during offshore pile driving in a sandy slope
Authors: Lamens Pascale , Askarinejad Amin , Sluijsmans Robbin W. , Feddema Antoine
Published: March 2019

This paper presents an analysis of field measurements obtained during pile installation tests in a submerged sandy slope. The field test was performed in 2016 as part of the construction of a new sea lock in the Netherlands. Ground vibrations and excess pore pressures were to be limited in order to prevent damage to neighbouring locks and maintain slope stability. Geophones and piezometers were installed in the slope, at depth, and at various lateral distances from the pile axis. In the analysis, focus is placed on the installation of a tubular steel pile, which was subjected to both vibratory and impact driving. An assessment is made of some factors, such as driving equipment and pile tip penetration depth, affecting both the magnitude of ground vibration and its spatial and temporal characteristics. A similar analysis is conducted of the pore pressure measurements, with particular attention paid to the part of driving carried out in a homogeneous sand layer. Measured vibrations and excess pore pressures are compared to established attenuation relationships and published data, respectively. An approach is suggested in which the test results and interpretation may be used in assessing the potential implications of excess pore pressure development in the sand layer for slope stability.
BİREYSEL SOSYAL SORUMLULUĞUN BİLİNÇLİ TÜKETİM DAVRANIŞI ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİNİ İNCELEMEYE YÖNELİK BİR ÇALIŞMA
Authors: KARACA Şükran
Published: March 2019

Dünyada
meydana gelen iklim değişikliği, nüfusun aşırı şekilde artması, ormansızlaşma,
işbirliği eksikliği, adaletsizlik, tüketici haklarının yeterince korunamaması
gibi insanların karşılaştığı birçok sorun vardır. Mal ve hizmetlerin doğru bir
şekilde tüketilmemesi ise bu sorunların merkezinde yer almaktadır. Bundan
dolayı sosyal sorumlu tüketim bilincinin artması olumsuz etkilerin daha fazla
farkına varılmasına neden olacaktır. Bu araştırma ile Sivas ilinde yaşayan
bireylerin bireysel sosyal sorumluluklarının bilinçli tüketim davranışı
üzerindeki etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın amacı
doğrultusunda Asar (2017) tarafından geliştirilen “Bireysel Sosyal Sorumluluk
Ölçeği” ve Buğday (2015) tarafından geliştirilen “Bilinçli Tüketim Ölçeği”
kullanılmış ve Sivas ilinde yaşayan 372 katılımcıya yüz yüze anket
uygulanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda bireysel sosyal sorumluluk alt boyutlarından
“yardımlaşma boyutunun” sade tüketim, sosyal sorumlu tüketim, etik tüketim ve
rasyonel tüketim davranışı üzerinde; “toplum ve çevreye yönelik sorumluluk
boyutunun” sade tüketim, çevre bilinçli tüketim ve rasyonel tüketim davranışı
üzerinde; “inisiyatif alma boyutunun” çevre bilinçli tüketim, sosyal sorumlu
tüketim, etik tüketim ve rasyonel tüketim davranışı üzerinde; “iyimserlik
boyutunun” etik tüketim davranışı üzerinde ve “duyarlılık boyutunun” sade
tüketim, çevre bilinçli tüketim, sosyal sorumlu tüketim ve etik tüketim
davranışı üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisinin olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca
bu araştırma ile bireysel sosyal sorumluluğun ve bilinçli tüketim davranışının
demografik özelliklere göre anlamlı bir farklılık gösterip göstermediği de test
edilmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre hem bireysel sosyal sorumluluk ve hem de bilinçli
tüketim davranışı yaş, eğitim, gelir ve meslek değişkenlerine göre farklılık
gösterirken, cinsiyet ve medeni duruma göre sadece bireysel sosyal sorumluluk
farklılık göstermektedir.
Efeitos do exercício de tronco na recuperação funcional da marcha em pacientes pós acidente vascular cerebral: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Dorigoni Bini Ana Carolina , Bueno Thaisa Maria Rocha , Szczypior Vanessa , Bini Viviane Eloisa , Marcolin Vanessa
Published: March 2019

Introdução: o acidente vascular cerebral (AVC), acarreta deficiências que variam em função da topografia, tipo e extensão da lesão, mas na maioria das vezes apresentam alterações cognitivas, motoras, sensoriais e autonômicas variadas. Entre essas alterações, a força de tronco reduzida após o AVC aumenta o trabalho mecânico para a marcha, repercutindo na capacidade funcional do paciente. Objetivo: investigar quais as técnicas mais utilizadas para o fortalecimento de tronco. Método: foram realizadas buscas nas bases de dados: Pubmed, Bireme, Scielo e PEDro. Foram incluídos estudos clínicos randomizados e controlados que compararam os efeitos do fortalecimento de tronco na marcha em pacientes acometidos pelo AVC. Resultados: dos 109 estudos encontrados, 10 foram selecionados e avaliados pela escala PEDro, e apresentaram boa qualidade metodológica. A intervenção mais encontrada foram os exercícios de estabilidade dos musculos mais profundas do tronco e da pelve. Conclusão: os exercícios de tronco influenciam de forma positiva aspectos importantes da marcha.
Vegetation heterogeneity of black alder forests in and around El-Kala Biosphere Reserve, northeastern Algeria
Authors: Necer Abdeldjabar , Tadjine Aicha , Belouahem-Abed Djamila , Saoudi Messaoud
Published: March 2019

Background: Despite its ecological importance, the study of Algerian alder forests has been largely neglected, even though they represent the largest ones of their kind in North Africa. Moreover, few measures have been taken towards the protection of these ecosystems.Questions: How many species are present in the Algerian alder forests? What is the effect of soil properties on species richness and diversity of inventoried plants?  Is its spatial patterns a result of soil variables variation?Studied species: Polypodiopsida, Gymnospermae, and Angiospermae.Study site and dates: El-Kala Biosphere Reserve (KBR), El-Tarf province, northeastern Algeria, from January 2016 to February 2017.Methods: Twenty-eight localities were sampled using the relevé method. Soil samples were taken from three points at each site. The relationship between species richness and soil factors was statistically evaluated using multiple linear regression and multivariate statistical analysis.Results: The inventory showed a total of 352 species that belong to 236 genera and 89 families. According to NMDS results, black alder forests were classified into two groups (marshy and the hilly, and the fluvial forests), in relation to plant species richness. No linear relationships between species richness and soil parameters were observed, except for OM ( P =  0.013).Conclusion: The present study allowed us to perform an inventory of plant species present in alder forests and to understand its distribution among different habitat types, as well as those factors that affect its zonation. For this ecosystem, our study revealed that vegetation diversity is related to the variation of soil variables.
Almacén de carbono en biomasa aérea de plantaciones experimentales con especies de sucesión temprana del bosque mesófilo de montaña
Authors: Avendaño-Yañez Maria de la Luz , Sánchez-Velásquez Lázaro Rafael , Martínez-Ramírez Daniela , Perroni Yareni , Ibarra-Zavaleta Sara Patricia , Alarcón Enrique , Pineda-López María del Rosario
Published: March 2019

Antecedentes: Las plantaciones forestales con especies nativas de crecimiento rápido contribuyen a la captura y almacenamiento de Carbono (C). Sin embargo, se sabe poco sobre la supervivencia, el potencial de captura y almacenamiento de C en plantaciones con especies nativas del bosque mesófilo de montaña (BMM).Preguntas: ¿Es la supervivencia diferente entre Alnus acuminata y Trema micrantha sembrados en plantaciones?, ¿Son diferentes, la tasa anual de captura de carbono y el contenido de C total, entre ambas especies?Especies de estudio: A. acuminata y T. micrantha , de crecimiento rápido y de estados sucesionales tempranos.Sitio de estudio y fechas: Centro estado de Veracruz. 2013.Método: En plantaciones de A. acuminata y T. micrantha de tres años y medio de edad, se registró la supervivencia, el diámetro y la altura. Con estas variables se estimó el volumen, el área basal, el peso de la biomasa aérea, el contenido de C y las tasas anuales de crecimiento en altura, diámetro y contenido de carbono.Resultados: La supervivencia de A . acuminata fue mayor que T . micrantha ( P < 0.05). Las plantaciones de A . acuminata almacenaron más C (12.55 ± 0.05 Mg C ha-1) que las plantaciones de T . micrantha (11.62 ± 0.04 Mg C ha-1) ( P < 0.001). La tasa anual de captura de carbono en A . acuminata fue mayor (2.6 ± 0.0001 Mg?ha?1?año?1) que T . micrantha (2.02 ± 0.00001 Mg?ha?1?año?1).Conclusiones: Las plantaciones con especies nativas de sucesión temprana representan una estrategia viable en acciones de restauración del BMM y constituyen sumideros de carbono que pueden contribuir a la mitigación del cambio climático.
Inventario actualizado de las especies mexicanas de la familia Campanulaceae
Authors: Rzedowski Jerzy
Published: March 2019

Antecedentes: Las Campanulaceae son una familia de magnitud mediana de fanerógamas de distribución mundial, bien representada en gran parte de México.Pregunta: ¿Cuál es el grado de conocimiento de la diversidad, de la adecuada resolución taxonómica y de la distribución geográfica de un grupo de plantas vasculares de menor relevancia económica y ecológica?Grupo estudiado: Componentes de la familia Campanulaceae Juss.Área de estudio: Territorio de la República Mexicana.Métodos: Con base en la revisión de materiales de herbario y con apoyo de la información encontrada en la literatura, así como en el internet, se integró la lista de los componentes registrados de la familia y de sus nombres correctos. El conjunto de taxa de esta manera obtenido se sometió a un somero análisis cuantitativo y fitogeográfico.Resultados: Se definió la existencia de 117 especies, al menos de aceptación tentativa, mismas que se enumeran con datos sobre distribución geogáfica conocida y breve información adicional correspondiente de cada una. El estado de Oaxaca resultó ser el área mejor representada, con 38 especies, de las cuales ocho, al igual que un género (Wimmeranthus), son endémicos a su territorio.Conclusiones: Se encontró que para el propósito de conocimiento cabal del grupo hacen falta todavía el descubrimiento y la descripción de un contingente significativo de especies, así como un particular esfuerzo de esclarecer de manera adecuada la situación taxonómica correcta de algunos de sus componentes.
LLC cells tumor xenograft model v1
Authors: Ollauri-Ibáñez Claudia , Nuñez-Gómez Elena , Egido-Turrion Cristina , Sousa Laura , Rodríguez-Barbero Alicia , Lopez-Novoa Jose , Pericacho Miguel
Published: March 2019

Protocol for the preparation of tumor cells, subcutaneous injection of tumors and tumor extraction in mouse. This protocol is tuned for Lewis Lung Carcinoma (LLC) cells, but it can be used for the xenotransplantation of other types of tumor cells if the number of cells to be injected and the time that tumors should be allowed to grow are adjusted.
К. Марло в роли У. Шекспира. «Биографические мифы» о К. Марло и конспирологические теории антишекспиристов
Authors: Крылов Константин Евгеньевич , Крылова Елизавета Евгеньевна
Published: March 2019

Впервые среди кандидатов на роль У. Шекспира К. Марло был назван в конце XIX в. Хотя тогда данная теория не получила распространения. Только в середине ХХ в. после публикации книги «Убийство человека, который был Шекспиром» Келвина Хоффмана версия обрела определенную популярность и верных адептов.

В данной статье рассмотрено, как Марло, не имевший знатного происхождения (условие практически обязательное для попадания в список предполагаемых «правильных шекспиров») смог пробиться в пятерку наиболее популярных претендентов на роль Барда. Авторы анализируют причины возникновения и механизмы распространения антишекспиризма в частности и теорий заговора в целом.

В виде доклада исследование было представлено на I Всероссийской научной конференции «Кристофер Марло и его творчество в русской и мировой культуре: междисциплинарный взгляд» (Москва, 22–23 июня 2018 г.). Конференция была проведена в рамках проекта Российского фонда фундаментальных исследований (№ 18-012-00679).
Productividad de los factores, producto potencial y brecha del producto en Perú
Authors: Bejarano Copo Holger Fabrizzio , Molero Leobaldo , Campuzano John , Salcedo Virgilio
Published: March 2019

El objetivo del artículo fue estimar la productividad de los factores, el producto potencial y la brecha del producto en el Perú, combinando el enfoque de Solow, una función Cobb-Douglas y el filtro Hodrick-Prescott. El estudio es explicativo. La elasticidad del producto fue usada para recoger las participaciones factoriales en el ingreso y para la contabilidad del crecimiento. Los resultados sugieren que la Cobb-Douglas es pertinente para representar el producto en Perú, la elasticidad producto-capital es cercana a los valores disponibles en otros períodos, y las estimaciones del PIB potencial y de la brecha son virtualmente idénticas en ambas metodologías.
Choques transitorios y de largo plazo en el producto interno bruto y precios en el departamento del Meta
Authors: León Camargo Astrid
Published: March 2019

Este artículo presenta el impacto de corto y  largo plazo en el PIB y los precios en el departamento del Meta entre 1990 y 2015. Se utiliza la metodología de los vectores autorregresivos estructurales (VARS), con datos del DANE. Los resultados muestran que los choques de oferta tienen un impacto positivo de largo plazo sobre el PIB del departamento del Meta e influyen de forma negativa sobre los precios, mientras los choques de demanda solo tienen efecto sobre los precios, y no influyen sobre el PIB.  La única crisis con impacto significativo, es la crisis financiera sobre los precios.
Hermenéutica y pragmática del derecho y la política
Authors: Norato Iván Dario
Published: March 2019

Human Rights is a subject that is present in people, in the facts and events of contemporary societies and that all concerns of, in a direct or an indirect way. Therefore, this deserve to be interpreted, not its overall size but in a specific way. It is, from the hermeneutic and pragmatic perspective, for interpret these ones. This is to make the exercise to illustrate and interpret human rights, so that this approach allows us to glimpse if these are common, inalienable and equal for all family members human, at all times, as ratified by the Proclamation of Tehran, for example, and in other statements in particular, in the constitution of Colombia 1991, in our case. Foregoing, shows a need to interpret the own events to Human Rights to enforce the same, not only understanding the theoretical sense of rights, we must also take into account the results in practice and its applicability in all places of social life.
La no fundamentación del derecho a partir de los juicios axiologicos
Authors: Restrepo Ramírez Alexander
Published: March 2019

This paper discusses some of the main approaches law theorist Hans Kelsen, regarding the rejection of morality as a form of justification and validation of legal science. For this purpose, it explores his mainly work A pure theory of law, where the author initially discusses the catego- ries of being and should be, as logical ways to differentiate the right of every type of axiological determination not possible to understand the law as legal science. Then we show how the author takes on the task of a foundation of legal science, divorced from value judgments about what is good or fair, considering metaphysical claims concerning the absolute. Similarly, are set some excerpts of the logical positivist dis- cussion related to the approach of Kelsen and some contrary thesis, located mainly in the field of philosophy of law.
Placental thickness and its correlation with estimated foetal weight: a cross-sectional study in a tertiary care centre in South India
Authors: S. J. Goldy , Rosatte Victor Sheba , Oral J. Bewin , Thangam Adaline , Christopher Usha , Rose Adlin
Published: March 2019

Background: The placenta is a multifaceted organ which modulates and modifies the maternal environment resulting in foetal development. It could be assumed that a healthy placenta culminates in a healthy foetus. Hence the morphometric analysis of a placenta during sonogram is inevitable. The aim of the study was to estimate the relationship between placental thickness and estimated foetal weight.Methods: The study was a cross-sectional study and included 450 antenatal women attending the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tirunelveli Medical College from May 2013 to May 2014. These women had regular cycles with a known Last menstrual period and a singleton foetus. After ethics committee approval, meticulous history including age, parity, demographic factors and past history were recorded. After obtaining consent, these women underwent placental thickness measurement between 14-40 weeks of pregnancy.Results: In the study mean placental thickness between the ranges of 11-49mm was 28.7mm and mean estimated foetal weight was 1.421kilogram. The correlation between the two was 0.943. Hence the positive correlation between the placental thickness and foetal weight is confirmed (p value <0.001).Conclusions: Determining the estimated foetal weight is an important reason for doing a sonogram, especially in third trimester. Placental thickness measured at the level of umbilical cord insertion can serve as an additional parameter in estimating foetal weight in addition to the foetal parameters, since there is a linear correlation between placental thickness and foetal weight.
Sulfate permeasesphylogenetic diversity of sulfate transport.
Authors: Piłsyk Sebastian , Paszewski Andrzej
Published: March 2019

Sulfate uptake, the first step of sulfate assimilation in all organisms, is a highly endoergic, ATP requiring process. It is under tight control at the transcriptional level and is additionally modulated by posttranslational modifications, which are not yet fully characterized. Sulfate anion is taken up into the cell by specific transporters, named sulfate permeases, located in the cell membrane. Bacterial sulfate permeases differ significantly from the eukaryotic transporters in their evolutionary origins, structure and subunit composition. This review focuses on the diversity and regulation of sulfate permeases in various groups of organisms.
H3K4 histone methylation in oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Authors: Mancuso Marta , Matassa Danilo Swann , Conte Mariachiara , Colella Giuseppe , Rana Gina , Fucci Laura , Piscopo Marina
Published: March 2019

Methylation of specific lysine residues in histone tails has been proposed to function as a stable epigenetic marker that directs biological functions altering chromatin structure. Recent findings have implicated alteration in heterochromatin formation as a contributing factor in cancer development. In order to verify whether changes in the overall level of H3K4 histone methylation could be involved in oral squamous carcinoma, the levels of H3K4me1, me2 and me3 were measured in oral squamous carcinoma, leukoplakias and normal tissues. The levels of H3K4me2 and me3 were significantly different in oral squamous cell carcinoma in comparison with normal tissue: the level of H3K4me2 was increased while that of H3K4me3 decreased. No significant differences could be found between the two types of tissues in the level of H3K4me1. A similar trend was found in the leukoplakias that appeared more like the pathological than normal tissue. These results support the idea that alteration of chromatin structure could contribute to oncogenic potential.
Flavonoids as reductants of ferryl hemoglobin.
Authors: Gebicka Lidia , Banasiak Ewa
Published: March 2019

The ferryl derivatives of hemoglobin are products of the reactions of oxy- and methemoglobin with hydrogen peroxide. Ferryl hemoglobins, either with or without a radical site on the protein moiety, are oxidizing species. Plant polyphenols, flavonoids, have been shown to act as antioxidants in vivo and in vitro. Reactions of met- and oxyhemoglobin with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of catechin, quercetin and rutin were studied. These flavonoids accelerated reduction of ferryl hemoglobin to methemoglobin. The rate constants of the reactions of ferryl hemoglobin with catechin, quercetin and rutin were in the order of 10(2) M(-1) s(-1), i.e. similar to the rate constants of ferryl hemoglobin with intracellular reducing compounds like urate or ascorbate. The beneficial effect of flavonoids against oxidative damage of hemoglobin caused by hydroperoxides, reported in the literature, is probably, at least in part, connected with the ability of flavonoids to scavenge ferryl hemoglobin.
Novel galactonic acid-binding hexameric lectin from Hibiscus mutabilis seeds with antiproliferative and potent HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitory activities.
Authors: Lam Sze Kwan , Ng Tzi Bun
Published: March 2019

A hexameric 150-kDa lectin was isolated from dried Hibiscus mutabilis seeds using a chromatographic protocol that involved ion exchange chromatography on SP-Sepharose, and gel filtration on Superdex 75 and Superdex 200. The lectin was not adsorbed on SP-Sepharose and was eluted from the Superdex 75 column in the void volume. It was eluted in the first peak from Superdex 200. It was strongly adsorbed on DEAE-cellulose and Q-Sepharose and could not be easily desorbed. The hemagglutinating activity of the lectin, which was stable at pH 4-7 and up to 50 degrees C, could be inhibited by 25 mM galactonic acid. This is the first report of a galactonic acid-binding lectin. It potently inhibited HIV-1 reverse transcriptase with an IC(50) of 0.2 microM. It exhibited weak antiproliferative activity towards both hepatoma HepG2 cells (40% inhibition) and breast cancer MCF-7 cells (50% inhibition) at 100 microM concentration of the lectin. It did not inhibit mycelial growth of a number of fungi tested.
Quenching of acyl-homoserine lactone-dependent quorum sensing by enzymatic disruption of signal molecules.
Authors: Czajkowski Robert , Jafra Sylwia
Published: March 2019

Many Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria communicate using small diffusible signal molecules called autoinducers. This process, known as quorum sensing (QS), links cell density to the expression of genes as diverse as those associated with virulence factors production of plant and animal pathogens, bioluminescence, antibiotic production, sporulation or biofilm formation. In Gram-negative bacteria, this communication is mainly mediated by N-acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs). It has been proven that inactivation of the signal molecules attenuates many of the processes controlled by QS. Enzymatic degradation of the signal molecules has been amply described. Two main classes of AHL-inactivating enzymes were identified: AHL lactonases which hydrolyse the lactone ring in AHLs, and AHL acylases (syn. AHL amidases) which liberate a free homoserine lactone and a fatty acid. Recently, AHL oxidoreductase, a novel type of AHL inactivating enzyme, was described. The activity of these enzymes results in silencing the QS-regulated processes, as degradation products cannot act as signal molecules. The ability to inactivate AHL (quorum quenching, QQ) might be useful in controlling virulence of many pathogenic bacteria.
Społeczna odpowiedzialność wyższych uczelni w Polsce jako przejaw realizacji idei ekonomicznej teorii zrównoważonego rozwoju
Authors: Cichowicz Ewa , Nowak Agnieszka K.
Published: March 2019

W artykule podjęto próbę analizy społecznej odpowiedzialności wybranych wyższych uczelni w Polsce. Autorki wyrażają pogląd, że z uwagi na zbieżność założeń koncepcja społecznej odpowiedzialności uczelni stanowi praktyczny wymiar realizacji zasad teorii zrównoważonego rozwoju. Głównym celem artykułu uczyniono natomiast udzielenie odpowiedzi na następujące pytania badawcze: „Czy polskie uczelnie przyjęły koncepcję społecznej odpowiedzialności?”, „W jakich obszarach oraz za pomocą jakich metod i narzędzi jest ona realizowana?”. Powyższym pytaniom podporządkowano treść artykułu. Wstępną część rozważań oparto na pogłębionej analizie literatury przedmiotu, a w drugiej części posłużono się metodą badania dokumentów oraz przeanalizowano zawartość witryn internetowych wybranych uczelni wyższych w Polsce
PENERAPAN STRATEGI PREDICTION GUIDE UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN PAI
Authors: Yanti Indisri Ninda , Nahwiyah Sopiatun , Mailani Ikrima
Published: March 2019

Abu Bakar Yunus stated that the main task of a teacher is to create a conducive and pleasant learning atmosphere or climate that makes students understand the material being taught. But based on the results of observations there are several symptoms that the researchers did, namely: Many students who are unable to answer the questions posed by the teacher, students are not able to redefine the material taught by the teacher, students are not able to translate the verses of the Qur'an relating to PAI subject matter, students are less able to explain the material taught in their own language and there are still many students who have not yet reached KKM (Minimum Accuracy Criteria) To overcome this problem, the researcher found a suitable strategy to be applied in PAI learning namely prediction guide strategy (guess the lesson) . The prediction guide strategy is a learning strategy that emphasizes students to guess or predict the material to be delivered by the teacher. The aim of the researchers to conduct classroom action research was to improve students' understanding of learning by applying a prediction guide strategy (guessing lessons) in Class VII PAI subjects at Singingi Middle School 6. Data collection techniques are carried out by tests, observations, interviews and documentation. The application of the prediction guide strategy can improve the learning comprehension of Grade VII students in PAI subjects at Singingi Middle School 6. This is evident from the pre-cycle only students who have a learning understanding of only 22.2%, the first cycle rises to 35.5%, the second cycle rises to 55.4% and it turns out that in the third cycle 82.2% of students have a good understanding of learning in PAI learning.

Keywords: Prediction Guide Strategy; Learning Understanding; PAI
Michel Foucault: hacia una crítica política del saber económico
Authors: Dalmau Iván Gabriel
Published: March 2019

El objetivo del presente artículo es analizar la imbricación entre lo epistemológico y lo ontológico-político que permea a la problematización foucaulteana del saber económico realizada en el marco de su investigación genealógica respecto de la gubernamentalidad. Por lo tanto, pondremos el foco de nuestra lectura en las relaciones entre las nociones de crítica, genealogía y saber para revisitar la crítica política del saber económico realizada por Foucault. En este artículo, realizaremos entonces una lectura detenida de varios trabajos de Michel Foucault en vistas a analizar la densidad epistemo-ontológico-política que permea a la problematización foucaulteana del saber elaborada en su investigación genealógica respecto de la gubernamentalidad liberal y neoliberal. Cabe destacar que las formas de gobierno económico (liberalismo y neoliberalismo) no constituyen el foco de nuestro trabajo; sin embargo, analizaremos la lectura crítica desplegada por Foucault respecto del discurso de la economía política a través de sus trabajos acerca de este asunto.
Los dos tiempos del perdón en Vladimir Jankélévitch
Authors: Sferco Senda Inés
Published: March 2019

La perspectiva de Vladimir Jankélévitch ha abordado ampliamente el “perdón” como problema filosófico, ético-moral y político. Atento a los acontecimientos que marcaron a fuego el siglo XX, sus reflexiones reescribirán tanto la vivencia de la Segunda guerra mundial, que lo proscribe profesionalmente y lo compromete en la Resistencia francesa, como la experiencia de formar parte de una sociedad que, años más tarde, abrirá el debate acerca de la “prescriptibilidad” de los crímenes contra la humanidad. La hipótesis que organiza este artículo es que habría dos momentos, dos tiempos del perdón en la perspectiva de este autor, que estarían atravesados por estas experiencias biográficas e históricas. Estos dos tiempos, no secuenciables, marcarían, de un modo más profundo e insondable, una tensión paradójica que atravesará el pensamiento de V. Jankélévitch: el perdón, verdadero y puro, puede ser concebido en el horizonte de una ética hiperbólica, pero, también es legítima la posibilidad de no perdonar como modalidad política de la justicia. De esta manera, enmarcando este estudio en una articulación entre filosofía y vida, exponemos una heurística profunda de distintas fuentes bibliográficas primarias y secundarias, a fin de reconocer los ‘dos tiempos’ en el modo de abordar la cuestión del perdón en la perspectiva jankélévitchiana.
The Hidden Variables Theory
Authors: Fried Israel
Published: March 2019

The book presents a new concept on several physics topics. The initial values are non-relativistic quantities of subatomic particles which the values obtained in experiments are actually their relativistic reflection. The subjects in the book are presented in such order that each new topic is based on the development of its predecessor that explains where it stems from. The book presents methods of analyzing traditional physics concepts to extract hidden embedded information that reveals new variables which are combined with those known. The new formulas yield results that match experiments accurately. It presents discoveries as: The origin of electric charge of subatomic particle stem from its OAM. The electron's zero OAM at ground state which is interpreted as the OAM is not necessarily a motion related, is explained by the Quantum Numbers obtained differently than solving the wave function! The electron's mass is expressing the square of its magnetic flux quantum. The proton, neutron and all baryons consist of three energy levels on which the quarks are orbiting. The third energy level of 80.5 Gev plays a major role in the weak force while it host charged mesons emitted out thru a W boson that acquires the level's energy. Baryons are compositions of a down and up quarks at the first and second energy levels and mainly charged pions positioned at third energy level, hence it bypass the Pauli Exclusion Principle. The OAM of the orbiting quarks are third or two thirds of the reduced Planck constant. The proton's missing spin stems from the quark's OAM. The Electron is a bound state composition of a negative Pion and an Electron's Neutrino. Electrons in confined space forms a process named "spin-charge separation", validated by experiments conducted at Cambridge and Birmingham universities. The theory predicts a neutral boson of 160Gev (alongside to W+ boson from a 240Gev decaying particle). The 2007 data analysis performed at CDF (Tevatron) implies this possibility.
Improving the Scientific Rigor of Nutritional Recommendations for Adults with Diabetes: A Comprehensive Review of the American Diabetes Association Guidelines Recommended Eating Patterns
Authors: Hallberg Sarah , Dockter Nancy E. , Kushner Jake , Athinarayanan Shaminie
Published: March 2019

Over half of adult Americans now have diabetes or prediabetes and worse, this epidemic is now world-wide and shows no signs of slowing, with rates of both diabetes and diabetes-related health complications still rising. When advising patients with diabetes on food choices, many providers rely on nutrition guidelines provided by the American Diabetes Association (ADA), and these guidelines influence other recommendations across the globe. Given the alarming trends in diabetes, it is paramount to review the treatment guidelines to ensure they are based on rigorous and accepted scientific methods. Our review included the evidence cited by the ADA in support of its claims and recommendations for eating patterns to combat diabetes (see Description of Eating Patterns, Supplemental Appendix), as presented in the most current edition of the annual ADA’s Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes (2018 Standards). Our review also includes sources cited in the latest edition of the ADA’s Nutrition Therapy Recommendations for Adults with Diabetes (2014 Recommendations),  which also informed the 2018 Standards.  In October 2018 low carbohydrate was named as a recommended eating pattern by the ADA and European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD)5but only citations from the 2014 and early 2018 ADA documents were reviewed.