bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Differences in Peak Anaerobic Muscular Power and Risk Factors Related to Cardiovascular Diseases between Athletes and Physical Active Subjects
Authors: Kennedy Taylor , Kennedy Taylor , Antill Mychaela , Antill Mychaela , Griffith Christopher , Dos Santos Julia
Published: May 2022

Physical exercise is considered an asset to inhibit the development of metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Physical exercise can be performed at different intensities, and athletes usually execute a high-intensity exercise more regularly when compared to athletes. The aim of the study is to compare the impact of regular exercise on risk factors to develop cardiovascular disease and peak anaerobic muscular power in athletes versus physically active subjects. Twenty-two athletes and eleven non-athletes (18-26 years old) were randomly selected from a group of students attending Fairmont State University in Fairmont. Fasting blood glucose, high and low-density lipoprotein (HDL and LDL, respectively), triglyceride, and total cholesterol were assessed by finger prick. Percentage of muscle and fat and fat distribution were assessed using an InBody 570 Body Composition Analyzer. Peak anaerobic muscular power was quantified using a vertical jump test using a Just Jump System mat. Athletes’ percentage of fat, truncal fat, lower limbs fat, upper limbs fat, systolic blood pressure, and blood glucose were lower and percentage of muscle higher when compared to non-athletes (p<0.05). There was no difference in lipid profile, diastolic blood pressure, and peak anaerobic muscular power between the two groups. The program of exercise with the inclusion of high-intensity exercise done regularly by athletes seems to better positively impact the risk factors related to cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes development. Inclusion of high-intensity exercise in an exercise prescription could be a significant asset to inhibit the development of metabolic diseases.
Assessing the viability of an Indian Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC)
Authors: D Priyadarshini , Kar Sabyasachi
Published: May 2022

A large number of Central Banks around the world are planning to introduce Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs) as a legal tender in their countries. The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has also revealed similar plans, with an Indian CBDC expected in the near future. Any evaluation of such a major change in the nature of money requires a broader understanding of the opportunities and challenges arising from the adoption of CBDCs. In this paper, we discuss these issues at the conceptual level and specifically in the Indian context. We show that the conceptual issues can be characterised in three ways – monetary sovereignty issues, issues from the point of view of national sovereignty, and developmental issues. In the Indian context, we analyse these issues from the perspective of the rapid digitalization taking place in the country. Finally, we discuss the steps that the RBI needs to take in order to introduce an Indian CBDC.
Estratégias de negócio para mudanças climáticas das empresas de gestão de recursos hídricos integrantes do Carbon Disclosure Project
Authors: Moura Erick De Freitas , Makiya Ieda Kanashiro , Gavira Muriel De Oliveira
Published: May 2022

Objective of the study – to identify the strategic profiles regarding climate change of water resources management companies that are part of the Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP) database, for the year 2019.Methodology / approach – an exploratory research was carried out using bibliographic and documentary research and multiple case studies. The data used come from the 2019 CDP database, analyzed according to the methodological structure of Kolk and Pinkse (2005). Data were analyzed using content analysis.Originality / Relevance – the results of this research serve as an indication of the vulnerability and contribution of the segment in the maintenance and security of the supply of quality water in the medium and long term.Main results – most water resource management organizations, still in 2019, fit the profiles of Cautious Planners and Emerging Planners and have as main strategic drivers the perception of opportunities, risks, and corporate responsibility, in that order.Theoretical / methodological contribution – as theoretical contributions, the work brings the analysis of organizational strategies, specifically of companies in the water resources area, aimed at mitigating climate change. The data analysis method adopted here can be used in other business segments that are directly related to natural resources.Social / management contributions – the survey results can support decisions and changes in corporate strategies for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions in the water resources segment, as well as public policies for planning and coping with climate change.
GAYA BAHASA RAGAM ILMIAH DALAM SKRIPSI MAHASISWA PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN PANCASILA DAN KEWARGANEGARAAN (PPKn) ANGKATAN TAHUN 2017/2018 STKIP PGRI TRENGGALEK
Authors: Hariadi Agus
Published: May 2022

Tujuan dari penelitan ini untuk mengetahui gaya bahasa ragam ilmiah dalam skripsi mahasiswa program studi Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan (PPKn) angkatan tahun 2017/2018 STKIP PGRI Trenggalek. Ragam bahasa sebagai variasi bahasa dapat mempengaruhi konteks penggunaan bahasa. Penguasaan bahasa Indonesia secara baik dan benar belum dimiliki oleh seluruh pengguna bahasa Indonesia. Begitupula halnya dengan mahasiswa, belum menguasai penggunaan bahasa Indonesia yang baik dan benar. Padahal mahasiswa dituntut untuk mampu membuat karya ilmiah. Sebuah karya dikatakan ilmiah apabila menggunakan bahasa Indonesia yang baku dan sesuai dengan kaidah-kaidah yang berlaku dalam bahasa Indonesia. Dalam kegiatan ilmiah, penggunaan bahasa Indonesia yang baku harus sesuai dengan sifat keilmuan yang meliputi: benar, logis cermat dan sistematis.
Karakteristik seam batubara menggunakan data log dan data core di PT. Equalindo Makmur Alam Sejahtera Sanga-Sanga, Kabupaten Kutai Kerta Negara, Kalimantan Timur
Authors: Jafar Fuad , Masri Masri , Hasria Hasria
Published: May 2022

Batubara merupakan salah satu batuan sedimen organik. Batubara terbentuk dari pembusukan tumbuhan pada lingkungan dengan kadungan air melimpah, biasanya pada daerah rawa. Analisis data well logging dan deskripsi inti bor digunakan untuk menentukan lingkungan pengendapan batubara. Analisis well-logging untuk mengidentifikasi litologi, ketebalan serta kedalaman lapisan batuan sedimen. Pada analisis well-logging hasilnya mennujukan batubara daerah penelitian terbentuk pada lingkungan transitional lower delta plain yang dicirikan dengan berkembangnya fasies creavasse splay, channel, interdistributary bay, dan swamp pada satuan batulempung dan batupasir Formasi Balikpapan, berdasarkan asosiasi lingkungan pengendapan ini, dapat diinterpretasikan bahwa lingkungan pengendapan satuan batulempung dan satuan batupasir dan batubara Formasi Balikpapan adalah transitional lower delta plain.
Phase wise assessment of COVID-19 related depression, anxiety, and stress level among patients in Herat city, Afghanistan - A descriptive study
Authors: Shayan Nasar Ahmad , Azizi Ahmad Tariq , Razaqi Nosaibah , Afzali Habibah , Neyazi Ahmad , Waez Hekmat , Noormohmmadi Morteza , Bhattacharya Sudip
Published: May 2022

Background: COVID-19 affected not only people’s physical health but also their mental health too. The purpose of this study was to measure the level of depression, anxiety, and stress among COVID-19 patients before, during, and after being infected by the virus, living in Herat city of Afghanistan.

Methods: This descriptive study was conducted among COVID-19 patients between April 22th 2020 and August 20th, 2020 living in Herat Province of Afghanistan. Our sample size was 100. To measure the level of depression, anxiety, and stress, among the COVID-19 patients, the developed version of the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale 42 (DASS-42) standard questionnaire was used.

Results: About 67% of participants were male and 14% of them were illiterate. Of all the participants in this study 12% of them used to smoke and 30% of them had a chronic disease accompanied. The result of this study shows that at the Start stage, 52.0% of the participants had a level of depression from mild to extremely severe. In the After stage only 10.0% of the participants had a level of depression from mild to severe. At the Start stage, 82.0% of the participants had a level of anxiety. At the End stage, 29.0% of the participants suffered a level of stress from mild to extremely severe.

Conclusion: Generally, the COVID-19 patients’ mental health was affected negatively due to the disease. After passing the COVID-19 disease and knowing the facts about the disease, the anxiety, stress, and depression level of patients caused by the disease were decreased.
New Semi-Inversion Method of Bouguer Gravity Anomalies Separation
Authors: Abdelfattah D.M.
Published: May 2022

The workers and researchers in the field of gravity exploration methods, always dream that it is possible one day, to be able to separate completely the Bouguer gravity anomalies and trace rock’ formations, and their densities distribution from a prior known control points (borehole) to any extended distance in the direction of the profile lines-it seems that day become will soon a tangible true! and it becomes possible for gravity interpretation methods to mimic to some extent the 2D seismic interpretation methods. Where, the present chapter is dealing a newly 2D semi-inversion, fast, and easily applicable gravitational technique, based on Bouguer gravity anomaly data. It now becomes possible through, Excel software, Matlab’s code, and a simple algorithm; separating the Bouguer anomaly into its corresponding rock’ formations causative sources, as well as, estimating and tracing its thicknesses (or depths) of sedimentary formations relative to the underlying basement’s structure rocks for any sedimentary basin, through using of profile(s) line(s) and previously known control points. The newly proposed method has been assessed, examine, and applied for two field cases, Abu Roash Dome Area, southwest Cairo, Egypt, and Humble Salt Dome, USA. The method has demonstrated to some extent comparable results with prior known information, for drilled boreholes.
A State of Art Review on Thermodynamics Performance Analysis in Pulse Detonation Combustor
Authors: Debnath Pinku , Murari Pandey Krishna
Published: May 2022

Pulse detonation engines (PDEs) are most exciting for future propulsion generation. Detonation combustion in pulse detonation combustor is an energetic combustion process which is differs from other combustion process. The detonation wave propagation in detonation tube is a pulse setting combustion phenomena. Detonation combustion process is thousands times faster than deflagration combustion process. PDE utilizes several pulse of detonation wave to produce propulsive force. The potential applications of PDEs are drastically reduces the cost of orbit transfer vehicle system and flying mode applications. Of course it can be used as ground level applications also. Draw back are DDT in shortest possible time in the combustor. In this regards, worldwide researchers are focusing on scientific and technical issues related to improvement of PDC. The present chapter deals with review study on detonation combustion process, historical overview on chemical kinetics, calorimetric and entropy transport, energy and exergy analysis and factor effecting on deflagration to detonation transition with recommendable future research.
Advanced Chalcogen Cathode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Madhu Mohan Varishetty , Jonnalagadda Madhavi , Prasad VishnuBhotla
Published: May 2022

As on today the main power sources of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) research developments gradually approach their theoretical limits in terms of energy density. Therefore, an alternative next-generation of power sources is required with high-energy densities, low cost, and environmental safety. Alternatively, the chalcogen materials such as sulfur, selenium, and tellurium (SSTs) are used due to their excellent theoretical capacities, low cost, and no toxicity. However, there will be some challenges to overcome such as sluggish reaction of kinetics, inferior cycling stability, poor conductivity of S, and “shuttle effect” of lithium polysulfides in the Li-S batteries. Hence, several strategies have been discussed in this chapter. First, the Al-SSTs systems with more advanced techniques are systematically investigated. An advanced separators or electrolytes are prepared with the nano-metal sulfide materials to reduce the resistance in interfaces. Layered structured cathodes made with chalcogen ligand (sulfur), polysulfide species, selenium- and tellurium-substituted polysulfides, Se1-xSx uniformly dispersed in 3D porous carbon matrix were discussed. The construction of nanoreactors for high-energy density batteries are discussed. Finally, the detailed classification of flexible sulfur, selenium, and tellurium cathodes based on carbonaceous (e.g., carbon nanotubes, graphene, and carbonized polymers) and their composite (polymers and inorganics) materials are explained.
Epigenetic Regulation in Cancer and Cancer Therapies
Authors: Sharan Mehak , Mathur Runjhun , Kumar Jha Niraj , Rana Khushboo , Kumar Jha Saurabh , Kumar Jha Abhimanyu
Published: May 2022

It has been believed that identification of alterations in epigenetic profiles can be used to distinguish not only between various types of malignancies but also between different phases of cancer progression. As a result, epigenetic factors have a lot of potential to become more accurate diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for many malignancies. Although DNA methylation is the most researched aspect of epigenetics, only a few methylation markers are routinely used in clinical practice. DNA methylation biomarkers, on the other hand, are expected to play a significant role in the near future. To summarize, epigenetic regulation plays a critical role in cancer development, and epigenetic biomarker analysis has a lot of potential to become clinically useful. More research is needed to further develop and evaluate epigenetic biomarkers\' therapeutic use.
Enzyme-Replacement Therapy in Fabry Disease
Authors: Sawaf Hanny , L. Erwin Angelika , Zhao Fang , J. Vachharajani Tushar , Wang Xiangling
Published: May 2022

Fabry disease is a rare X-linked lysosomal storage disorder due to mutations in the GLA gene causing complete or partial deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme alpha-galactosidase A (a-Gal A). This enzyme deficiency results in tissue accumulation of trihexosylceramide causing the diseases’ systemic manifestations, including acroparesthesia, angiokeratomas, cardiac disease, cerebrovascular manifestations, and kidney disease. Kidney manifestations of Fabry disease can include proteinuria, renal tubular dysfunction, hypertension, and cystic formation. With the relatively recent introduction of enzyme-replacement therapy (ERT), this congenital disorder can now be treated providing these patients with much longer life expectancies and less severe systemic manifestations than before. When started in the appropriate population, ERT is generally continued until a reason for stopping therapy arises. Although ERT is expensive, it has drastically changed the clinical outcome of patients with Fabry disease, and timely initiation of ERT and regular assessments of disease progression by a multidisciplinary care team are critical for the long-term management of these patients.
The Sustainability of Islamic Boarding Schools in the Era of Modernization and Globalization
Authors: Muthoifin  , Surawan
Published: May 2022

The objective of this study is to determine the strategy of the classical Islamic boarding school in maintaining its existence amid the rapid development of the globalization era and also to find out the curriculum formulations used to equip students to face the modernization era. This research is qualitative, using the deductive-interpretive analysis method, with a sociological-phenomenological approach. The research was conducted at the classic Islamic boarding school Tremas, Pacitan, East Java. The research was conducted at the Tremas classical Islamic boarding school, Pacitan, East Java, which is an open institution for modernization and globalization. The results of the study indicate that the pesantren’s strategy to maintain its existence and sustainability in the modernization era is as follows. (1) Optimizing the management function of Islamic boarding schools by distributing authority in five aspects, namely ma’hadiyah, ma’arif majlis, anasyathoth, finance, and secretariat. (2) Organizing formal education starting from Kindergarten, Madrasah Tsanawiyah (middle-level school), Madrasah Aliyah (high school), Vocational High School, and Ma’had Aly. (3) Carrying out various non-formal and informal educational activities as a characteristic of salafiyah education. (4) Establishing vocational institutions to equip students with skills. (5) Founding Ma’had Aly as an effort to produce a cadre of scholars. As for the curriculum, this Islamic boarding school assembled its curriculum independently based on the vision and mission of Pondok Tremas, absorbed the aspirations of the community, and adopted some curriculum content from the Ministry of Religion and the Education Office. This curriculum contained several characteristics: (1) implanting faith, morality and enriching Islamic scholarship through the study of kitab kuning. (2) Arabic strengthening. (3) Pesantren adaptation by adding general science lessons. (4) equipping students with skills education. (5) enriching the repertoire of Islamic thought by studying the works of ulama ‘Nusantara.
Diagnosis of Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip in Newborns and Infants
Authors: Padilla-Raygoza Nicolás , Flores-Vargas Gilberto , de Jesús Gallardo-Luna María , Navarro-Olivos Efraín , Padilla-Morales Marissa , J. Magos-Vázquez Francisco
Published: May 2022

It is a review of epidemiology data of development dysplasia of the hip; it was reviewed the pre pathogenic period: agent, host and environment and the role of risk factors for the presence of developmental dysplasia of the hip. What are the clinical data for the diagnosis; the sound transmission tests for the diagnosis of the developmental dysplasia of the hip. Also, the imaging procedures for the diagnosis of the same pathology.
Fiber Inclusions-Based Epoxy Composites and Their Applications
Authors: Radouane Nassima , Maaroufi Abdelkrim
Published: May 2022

Because of their low cost, lightweight, easy production methods, and design flexibility, polymer-based composites are widely employed in a wide range of applications. Because of its high specific strength, superior mechanical characteristics, super adhesiveness, heat and solvent resistance, and so on, epoxy polymer or polyepoxide represent a significant majority of matrix composites. As a result, fiber fillers-reinforced epoxy resin composites have been investigated for a variety of applications, including high-tech in the ballistic, aircraft, automobile, construction, and sports sectors. In this chapter, the manufacturing procedures of fiber-reinforced epoxy composites have been described. Different categories of fiber are used as fillers in an epoxy matrix and their morphology is discussed as a function of the obtained properties.
Regional Anesthesia in Times of COVID-19
Authors: M. Whizar-Lugo Víctor , L. Iñiguez-López Karen , Castorena-Arellano Guillermo
Published: May 2022

The globalized coronavirus pandemic 2019 has kept us on our toes. Although confusion is widespread and there is a trend toward normalization of almost all human activities, outbreaks remain frequent. The majority of patients with COVID-19 have a trivial to moderate clinical course; a small group develops severe pneumonia and other life-threatening complications. Vaccination against this virus has contributed to better control of the pandemic, but there are no antiviral drugs that have demonstrated efficacy; therefore, the management of surgical patients confirmed or suspected of this disease is a challenge for health care workers, including the anesthesiologists, as well as the non-COVID-19 patients who at a given moment could become carriers or sick. General anesthesia produces aerosols and risks medical and technical personnel being infected, especially those who manage the airway. On the other hand, regional anesthesia has advantages over general anesthesia because the airway is not handled; however, its limited duration is the most important concern. It is reasonable that regional anesthesia occupies a preponderant place in the safe management of all patients, as long as the type of surgery allows it, the anesthesiologist has sufficient skills and patients accept the proposed technique. At this time of globalized crisis due to COVID-19, the intrapandemic anesthetic management of patients undergoing surgery continues to be a changing task, a challenge that has been solved as new data based on solid scientific evidence arise, besides the development of drugs, safer vaccines, equipment, and health prophylactic methods. There is a clear tendency to use regional anesthesia whenever this is possible.
Evaluation of the Relationship Between Prostate-Specific Antigen Levels, Gleason Scores, and 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT Scan Findings in Prostate Cancer Patients
Authors: Doroudinia Abtin , Darvishian Najmeh , Bakhshayesh Karam Mehrdad , Emami Habib
Published: May 2022

Background: The use of 68-gallium prostatespecific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computed tomography (68Ga-PSMAPET/CT) scan has recently received particular attention in the evaluation of prostate cancer patients. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, Gleason score, and 68Ga-PSMAPET/CT findings in prostate cancer patients. Patients and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 80 male patients with a definitive diagnosis of prostate cancer, who were candidates for 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT scan for both initial staging and restaging, were included. Restaging indicated biochemical recurrence, which refers to a detectable level of PSA after being documented undetectable following a definitive primary treatment. All prostate cancer patients, who were not initially treated with a definitive therapy, were excluded from the study. A cutoff value ≥ 4 was considered significant for maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) to differentiate benign from malignant 68Ga-PSMA-avid lesions. Any 68Ga-PSMA uptake outside the prostate bed, especially in the lymph nodes, bones, and visceral organs, was considered metastatic. Results: Comparison of the PSA level between two subgroups with and without metastasis demonstrated a higher PSA level in patients with metastatic abdominal lymph nodes and a slightly higher PSA level in patients with metastatic pelvic lymph nodes. No significant correlation was found between the Gleason score and the total PSA. There was also no significant association between the level of PSA and the type of Lymph node involvement (single or multiple) in different involved areas. Besides, there was no significant correlation between the SUVmax and the level of PSA and the Gleason score in different involved areas. Conclusion: The SUVmax value in 68Ga PSMA PET/CT scan provides a reliable predictor for neither the grade of prostate cancer, nor the metastatic status associated with cancer progression. The measurement of total PSA may predict metastasis to the abdominal and pelvic lymph nodes caused by prostate cancer.
Designing a Driver’s Hazard Perception Test Based on the Neural Brain Images Analysis (fMRI)
Authors: Gharib Seifollah , Mahmoudi Mina , Rezvani Zahra
Published: May 2022

Background: Studies show that weakness in hazard perception is a major cause of traffic accidents, leading to high consequences. Objectives: This study aimed to design a valid and reliable driver’s Hazard Perception Test (HPT) based on neural imaging, reaction time, and miss rate in two groups of experienced and inexperienced drivers. Methods: Different roads, including urban, intercity, and rural, were filmed from drivers’ visual angles to examine the real road conditions. All videos were screened according to some quality factors. Then, hazard onset was determined for screened videos. The validity of the test was performed in three steps. Miss rates and reaction times to hazardous situations were measured. In the second step, 35 selected videos were broadcasted to 16 experienced and 16 novice drivers on a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Finally, using 18 videos with statistically significant differences in neuro-cerebral neuronal activity, miss rate and reaction time were picked up for driver’s HPT. Results: The mean differences in reaction time, miss rate, and active neurons in the task of perceiving hazards in two groups of drivers were equal to 1.58 seconds, 29.55%, and 5248 neurons, respectively. There was a significant correlation between active neurons and miss rate (r = 0.556, P < 0.001). Eventually, the 18-videos of the valid test became HPT software. Conclusions: Application of this valid test is suggested for assessing the hazard perception of drivers, particularly those who are responsible for transporting staff and goods in the studied country.
The Level of Plasma Cystatin C in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Nguyen Van Tuan , Phan Ha Linh , Pham Thao Diep , Nguyen Thi Binh Minh , Hoang Thi Minh , Huynh Quang Thuan , Dam Lan Thi Phuong
Published: May 2022

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an increasingly common disease worldwide and has become a global health problem, especially in Vietnam. Cystatin C is a marker for the detection, classification, and prognosis of CKD. Cystatin C is filtered entirely through the glomerular membrane, reabsorbed, and metabolized completely in the renal tubules. In case of damage to the kidneys, glomerular filtration rate declines, and some substances increase in the blood, such as cystatin C. The concentration of cystatin C changes with damage to the renal system. Objectives: This study aimed to estimate the concentration of cystatin C and its variation in the different stages of CKD. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted on 40 healthy individuals and 137 patients with CKD grade III, IV, and V in 103 Hospital. The concentration of cystatin C was estimated in all subjects. Results: Cystatin C plasma levels were significantly higher in the CKD group (9.17 ± 3.75 mg/L) than in the control group (0.82 ± 0.12 mg/L). Cystatin C plasma levels increased linearly with the serious kidney failure as the stage of CKD. Conclusions: Cystatin C is an effective marker for estimating kidney damage in CKD.
Effect of Near-Infrared Vein Finder Technology on Success Rate of Cannulation in Obese Diabetic Patients
Authors: Al-Saadi Saeb Fadhil , Karimi Moonaghi Hossein , AL-Fayyadh Sadeq , Bakhshi Mahmoud
Published: May 2022

Background: Intravenous cannulation is needed in about 90% of patients admitted to hospitals to administer medications or replace fluids, which is difficult to perform in obese patients with diabetes. Objectives: The present study aimed to assess the effect of using near-infrared vein finder technology on the success rate of cannulation in obese patients with diabetes. Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted on 92 eligible patients with type 2 diabetes and obesity at Al-Rusafa hospitals in Baghdad, Iraq, in September 2021. The subjects were divided into the intervention (n = 46) and control (n = 46) groups. However, cannulation using near-infrared vein finder technology was only performed for the intervention group. The data were collected using a demographic and clinical data questionnaire and a chronometer. Results: The success rates of cannulation for the first time were 60.9% and 15.2% in the intervention and control groups, respectively. The mean values of procedural time were 53.2 ± 28.9 and 94.3 ± 41.5 seconds in the intervention and control groups, respectively. The independent effects of patients’ body mass index (P = 0.002) and skin color (P = 0.040) on procedural time were significant. Conclusions: The use of near-infrared vein finder technology in obese diabetic patients reduces procedural time and venipuncture attempts.
Libertines and the Law
Authors: Horsley Adam
Published: May 2022

Following the assassination of Henri IV in 1610, the political turbulence of Louis XIII's early reign led to renewed efforts to police the book trade. Yet it also witnessed a golden age of 'libertine' literature, including a plethora of sexually explicit and irreverent poetry as well as works of free-thinking that cast doubt on the dogma of Church and State. As France moved towards absolutism, a number of unorthodox writers were forced to defend themselves before the law courts. Part I offers a conceptual history of libertinism, as well as an exploration of literary censorship and the mechanics of the criminal justice system in this period. Part II examines the notorious trials of three subversive authors. The Italian philosopher Giulio Cesare Vanini was brutally executed for blasphemy by the Parlement de Toulouse in 1619. Jean Fontanier was burned at the stake two years later in Paris for authoring a text to convert Christians to Judaism. The trial of the infamous poet Théophile de Viau for irreligion, obscenity, and poems describing homosexuality was a landmark in French literary and social history, despite him eventually escaping the death penalty in 1625. Drawing from rarely explored sources, archival discoveries and legal manuals, it provides new insights into the censorship of French literature and thought from the perspectives of both the defendants and the magistrates. Through a diverse corpus including poetry, philosophical texts, religious polemics, Jewish teachings, and private memoirs, it sheds new light on this crucial period in literary, legal, and intellectual history.
“Lugar aprazível e salubre”, “Casa vasta e bem arejada”: localização e espaços de colégios-internatos na Corte Imperial do Rio de Janeiro (Século XIX)
Authors: Conceição Joaquim Tavares da
Published: May 2022

O artigo apresenta uma compreensão historiográfica de disposições de prédios de colégios-internatos e discursos em torno de condições higiênicas desses espaços, localizados na Corte Imperial do Rio de Janeiro, na segunda metade do século XIX. A pesquisa documental resultou no levantamento e cotejamento de informações em fontes diversas, especialmente em anúncios publicados no Almanak Laemmert e em teses médicas defendidas na Faculdade de Medicina do Rio de Janeiro. Os colégios-internatos estavam localizados em ruas do centro da cidade, consideradas insalubres, ou nos arrabaldes da cidade, como recomendado pelos facultativos. Quanto aos espaços, os colégios internatos estavam instalados em casas residenciais e sobrados com adaptações para os serviços do internato e em prédios originalmente planejados e construídos para funcionar como colégio-internato. Os edifícios de grandes internatos possuíam dormitórios, refeitório, pátios arborizados para recreio, enfermaria, capela e rouparia. Não obstante, a crítica médico-higiênica, alguns desses edifícios possuíam água encanada, tanques para banho e lavagem de roupa, tanques de natação, iluminação a gás, instalações sanitárias.
Trajetórias formativas com pesquisas em gênero e sexualidade na educação
Authors: Soares Alexandre Gomes , Paraíso Marlucy Alves
Published: May 2022

A entrevista realizada com a docente e pesquisadora teve como objetivo compreender suas trajetórias formativas com pesquisas em gênero e sexualidade no campo educacional e da saúde. Buscou oferecer elementos para problematizar os marcadores de gênero e de sexualidade e sua interface com as políticas públicas de inclusão social, com derivações que permitem pensar a transversalidade de gênero na formação inicial. Uma das perspectivas da pesquisadora no campo educacional é que a atividade de educar supõe processos de ensino e de aprendizagem: o que, quem e como ensinam e o que, quem e como se aprende, extrapolando, assim, as instituições de ensino e as salas de aula. A entrevista foi realizada no âmbito de uma atividade de pesquisa[i] de Pós-Doutoramento, na Faculdade de Educação da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais.
 
[i] Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo geral analisar as percepções de docentes e discentes sobre gênero e sexualidade no currículo de Pedagogia na formação transversal na Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG).
Biomarkers of vitamin D status in healthy adults: Associations with serum lipid parameters: A pilot study
Authors: Zeljković Aleksandra , Vladimirov Sandra , Gojković Tamara , Vekić Jelena , Mihajlović Marija , Spasojević-Kalimanovska Vesna
Published: May 2022

Vitamin D deficiency is among important healthcare challenges today. Traditionally, vitamin D status is assessed through determination of 25-hydroxy metabolite (25(OH)D), but novel data point to 24,25(OH)2D and 25(OH)D/24,25(OH)2D ratio (VDMR) as promising biomarkers. It is widely accepted that the biological role of vitamin D exceeds its well-known contribution to bone turnover. However, its effects on overall energy metabolism and lipid status alterations are not completely understood. In this study, we analyzed the relationship of vitamin D status assessed as concentrations of 25(OH)D3 and 24,25(OH)2D3 determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, as well as VDMR with advanced lipid status parameters. Vitamin D status biomarkers, routine parameters of lipid status and size and distribution of lipoprotein subclasses were determined in 89 healthy adults (35 with adequate vitamin D status and 54 with vitamin D deficiency). Our results indicated a preponderance of proatherogenic small, dense LDL particles (sdLDL) in vitamin D deficient subjects. Both 25(OH)D and 24,25(OH)2D were associated with a relative proportion of sdLDL (B: -0.410; SE: 0.154; P=0.010; and B: -2.041; SE: 0.969; P=0.039, respectively). Positive correlation was found for VDMR and relative proportion of HDL 3a particles (r=0.251; P=0.024). VDMR value was decreased in subjects with vitamin D deficiency (P=0.001), thus implying its usefulness as a biomarker. A thorough investigation of novel vitamin D biomarkers and advanced lipid status parameters can be useful in the estimation of individual risk for the development of cardiometabolic alterations.
Circulating non-coding RNAs as biomarkers in coronary artery disease
Authors: Petković Aleksa , Erceg Sanja , Munjas Jelena , Ninić Ana , Sopić Miron
Published: May 2022

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Atherosclerosis involves an interplay of different pathological mechanisms, such as progressive inflammation, abnormal lipid metabolism, and oxidative stress, and as such represents the basic pathological phenomenon underlying CAD. Atherosclerotic plaque narrows the lumen of coronary arteries, creating an ischemic environment for the heart muscle, which finally leads to clinical complications, such as acute myocardial infarction. Currently, there are no biomarkers that could predict plaque stability or major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Numerous functional non-coding RNA (ncRNA) species influence basic cellular functions, and as such play a role in the development and progression of CAD. Of these ncRNAs, micro RNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are the most investigated. Considering that ncRNAs detected in extracellular fluids can originate from different cells, circulating ncRNAs are being intensively investigated as potential biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognosis of CAD. In the following paper, we provide current insights into potential molecular mechanisms by which miRNAs and lncRNAs contribute to the pathology of CAD and discuss their potential role as biomarkers in diagnosis and prognosis of disease.
Breast cancer-assessment of health literacy in the student population abstract
Authors: Vuković Vesna , Jovanović Vesna , Maksimović Vesna , Terzić-Marković Dragana , Jovanović Vesna , Jakovljević Biljana , Krsmanović Slavica , Dimoski Zvonko
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Breast cancer remains as public health dilemma worldwide and is currently the most common tumor in the world. Breast cancer awareness, public attention, and advances in breast imaging have had a positive impact on breast cancer recognition and screening. Breast cancer is a life-threatening disease in women and the leading cause of death among the female population. Over the past two decades, studies on breast cancer have led to astonishing advances in our understanding of breast cancer, resulting in further professional treatments. Among all malignant diseases, breast cancer is considered one of the leading causes of death in postmenopausal women and accounts for 23% of all cancer deaths. Objective: This research aimed to assess the health literacy of students of the Higher School of Vocational Studies in Belgrade with a focus on breast cancer Method: The cross-section survey was conducted in the population of female students. The survey was conducted on a random sample N-100. A purpose-built questionnaire was used, which was obtained by refining the Questionnaire for the assessment of health literacy in the student population. Results: Based on data from 55% of respondents, when asked which age group is at increased risk for breast cancer, answered that is 40 to 50 years, 23% that the risk is 30 to 40 years, 21 % over 50 years, and only 1 respondent answered that the major risk of developing breast cancer is form 20 to 30 years. When asked if a person can have breast cancer without any problems, 81% of respondents answered yes, 12% that they are not sure and 6% of respondents answered no. Conclusion: Student health literacy is important because it represents the capacity to receive, understand and interpret information and services related to health, health insurance and treatment, in order to manage their own needs in the health system. Assessment of the level of health literacy of students in relation to the knowledge and understanding of information stated that breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer, shows that the vast majority of respondents (80%) have an adequate level of literacy
Analysis of braking parameters in testing of brake wear and particles formation on inertial brake dynamometer
Authors: Vasiljević Saša , Glišović Jasna , Lukić Jovanka , Stojanović Nadica , Grujić Ivan
Published: May 2022

In parallel with the significant reduction of the impact of vehicles on the environment, the development of modern propulsion systems that have less and less harmful impact, new pollutants are being identified on the vehicle. One of the such pollutants is the brakes, which wear out and lead to the formation of particles that are released into the air, i.e. generally into the environment. Investigation of the mechanism of particle formation during braking, and thus the brake wear is today becoming one of the important areas of research. The most common tests in this area are performed using initial brake dynamometers and pin-on-disc machines. An overview of the influence of some operation parameters (initial vehicle speed, braking pressure, and deceleration) that varies frequently during testing on an inertial brake dynamometer is performed in this paper. There are a number of tests and cycles that are applied during research, but they are not specifically prescribed for testing the particle formation during braking. The UNECE (United Nations Economic Commission for Europe) has included it in its plan and is in the development phase of introducing standardized cycles that will prescribe the braking cycle, the purpose of which will be to examine the formation of particles. This kind of review paper can be important for researchers who are engaged in this field, and the develop their own cycles or tests to examine the concentration or mass of particles formed during braking.
The impact of Industry 4.0 on changes in education
Authors: Tadić Dijana
Published: May 2022

Educational institutions are places where character is created and strengthened, personality is socialized and knowledge about the past, present and future is acquired. The task of vocational schools is to provide the necessary knowledge to students, so that after finishing school, they can do the job for which they were educated. Industry 4.0 has contributed to the closure of many occupations, but also to the creation of new ones. Therefore, it is necessary to transform the teaching process, in terms of content and practice, so that schools retain their role in preparing young people for the labor market. The paper analyzes 50 papers, which closely dealt with this topic, thanks to which the bases of the most common research and their outcomes were formed.
Carbon Nanotubes Coating for Micropunch
Authors: Guo Kelvii Wei
Published: May 2022

The multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were coated on micropunch homemade equipment with the waste alcohol as a resource. The correlated characteristics were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and Raman spectroscopy. Moreover, the synthesized MWCNTs were grown on some micropunches to confirm the relevant, beneficial effect on the service life of micropunches compellingly and convincingly. The results indicate that MWCNTs coated on micropunch can enhance its service life up to 35% of that without MWCNTs. Due to the lubrication of MWCNTs coating between the micropunch and the specimen, the wear of the micropunch coated with MWCNTs distinctively decreases, even in the severe wear period. As a result, the correlated wear loss is also less than that of the micropunch without MWCNTs coating, ascribed to the graphitic nature of MWCNTs. Meanwhile, because of the usage of the waste alcohol, the technique of the relevant synthesized MWCNTs is green to the environment, which is promising for practical applications.
Sarcopenia, obesity and sarcopenic obesity among community-dwelling and institutionalized female older woman in Caxias do Sul, Brazil
Authors: Casagrande Maria Lucia , Dell'Osbel Rafaela Santi , Zanotti Joana , Wender Maria Celeste Osório
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Sarcopenia, obesity, and sarcopenic obesity are considered risk factors for the health of the elderly, which may cause or worsen the reduction in functional capacity. Objective: To determine the prevalence of sarcopenia, obesity, and sarcopenic obesity among community-dwelling and institutionalized female elderly in Caxias do Sul, Brazil. Methods: Observational epidemiological study, with cross-sectional design. 423 elderly women (≥60 years old) institutionalized and community-dwellers, participated in the study. Sarcopenia was identified according to the criteria established by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP). The gait speed test estimated low skeletal muscle mass (SMM) by bioimpedance, low handgrip strength using a hand dynamometer, and low physical performance. Obesity was defined as Body Mass Index ≥27.0kg/m² and sarcopenic obesity by the simultaneous occurrence of obesity and sarcopenia. The Chi-Square test was performed, with a 5% significance level. Results: The overall prevalence of obesity was 53.9%. Sarcopenia was observed in 16.3% of the total sample, affecting 7.5% of the elderly in the community and 25.1% in institutions (p≤0.0001). Regarding sarcopenic obesity, 0.9% of the community and 3.8% of institutionalized elderly presented the dysfunction. Non-sarcopenic elderly women had a high prevalence of obesity. In the elderly of both groups, sarcopenia was more frequent in those with advanced age. Conclusion: Institutionalized elderly women had a higher prevalence of sarcopenia, emphasizing the importance of paying attention to the health of this population and highlighting the need for preventive measures.
Ausência de aleitamento materno na alta hospitalar de recém-nascidos prematuros: prevalência e fatores associados
Authors: Lima Amanda de Araújo , Tenório Micaely Cristina dos Santos , Mello Carolina Santos , Oliveira Alane Cabral Menezes de
Published: May 2022

Introdução: Diversas estratégias têm sido implementadas com enfoque na assistência à saúde da criança prematura, sendo a amamentação umas delas. Objetivo: Identificar a prevalência e os fatores associados à ausência de aleitamento materno na alta hospitalar de recém-nascidos prematuros. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado na rede pública de saúde de Maceió, Brasil com puérperas e seus recém-nascidos pré-termos. Foram obtidas informações maternas sobre dados socioeconômicos, obstétricos, de pré-natal e antropométricos, por meio de questionário, informações dos recém-nascidos via consulta aos prontuários médicos (idade gestacional ao nascer, sexo da criança, via de parto (vaginal ou cesariana), peso e comprimento ao nascimento e índices de Apgar no 1º e 5º minutos de vida) e sobre a prática do aleitamento materno no momento da alta hospitalar. Análise de regressão de Poisson em modelo hierarquizado foi realizada para identificação dos fatores associados ao desfecho de interesse, com os valores expressos em Razão de Prevalência (RP) e respectivos Intervalos de Confiança de 95% (IC95%). Resultados: Foram avaliadas 381 díades, das quais 167 (43,8%) não estavam em aleitamento materno no momento da alta hospitalar. Intercorrências clínicas no recém-nascido (RP=2,20, IC95% 1,73-2,80), contato tardio entre mãe e filho no pós-parto (RP=1,76 IC95% 1,34-2,31), baixo Apgar no 1º minuto (RP=1,44 IC95% 1,15-1,82) e ter idade gestacional ao nascer < 34 semanas (RP=1,48 IC95% 1,18-1,84) foram fatores associados à ausência do aleitamento materno. Conclusão: A ausência de aleitamento materno na alta hospitalar de recém-nascidos prematuros foi frequente, estando associada a fatores pertinentes ao nascimento.
No association between dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) alleles and crack/cocaine dependence in Brazilians
Authors: Martini Milena Binhame Albini , Henn Indiara Welter , Malacarne Ingra Taís , Souza Cleber Machado de , Trevilatto Paula Cristina , Vieira Alexandre Rezende , Azevedo-Alanis Luciana Reis
Published: May 2022

Introduction: The causal mechanisms behind crack/cocaine use are still unknown, but genetic influences are suggested. Objective: To investigate the relationship between the genetic polymorphism TaqI (rs1800497) in the dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) gene and susceptibility to crack/cocaine dependence in a group of addicts to crack/cocaine and a non-addicted group. Methods: The case group (n=515) was composed of crack/cocaine-dependent men and the control group (n=106) comprised men who were considered not dependent on crack/cocaine. The oral hygiene habits, decayed, missing, and filled teeth index, gingival index, and plaque index were evaluated. The reference single nucleotide polymorphism (rs1800497 C/T) of the DRD2 gene was genotyped by a real-time polymerase chain reaction technique. Student’s t-tests for independent samples or the non-parametric Mann-Whitney test were used to compare groups regarding quantitative variables. Results: The case group showed a mean time of 9.91±7.03 years of crack use, and 61.06±92.96 stones/week. The socio-demographic profile of the sample was White, single men, with basic education, blue-collar worker, smoker, and reporting alcohol use. There was a high frequency of gingival inflammation, plaque accumulation, and caries experience. For all genetic models tested, there was no significant difference in the genotypic frequency in rs1800497 of the DRD2 gene, between case and control groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: The genetic variant in the DRD2 did not increase the vulnerability to develop crack/cocaine dependence. The complex genetic nature of crack/cocaine dependence and a large variation of DRD2 allele frequencies, depending on the population group sampled, could be one explanation for the no association.