bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Use of Air Arthrograms to Aid in Joint Distraction During Hip Arthroscopic Surgery Decreases Postoperative Pain and Opioid Requirements
Authors: Hodax Jonathan D. , Flores Sergio E. , Cheung Edward C. , Zhang Alan L.
Published: April 2019

Background:

Positive-pressure air arthrography and venting of the hip capsule are techniques used to decrease the traction forces needed for joint distraction during hip arthroscopic surgery. Little is known about the effects that these techniques have on postoperative pain.

Hypothesis:

Positive-pressure air arthrography and venting during hip arthroscopic surgery will decrease patient-reported pain and narcotic requirements in the acute postoperative setting.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted to analyze 35 patients who underwent positive-pressure air arthrography and venting to aid joint distraction during hip arthroscopic surgery versus a group with similar demographics, pathologies, and treatments who did not undergo air arthrography. Numeric pain rating scale (NPRS) scores and medication administration including narcotic and nonnarcotic analgesia in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) were tracked and compared.

Results:

The maximum (7.17 vs 4.97, respectively), minimum (2.43 vs 1.09, respectively), and mean (5.15 vs 3.11, respectively) NPRS scores were all higher in the control group compared with the air arthrogram group ( P < .001, P = .007, and P < .001, respectively). The administration of oral morphine equivalents (OMEs) during the PACU stay was significantly lower in the air arthrogram group, with a mean of 36.75 ± 11.37 OMEs, compared with 44.53 ± 16.06 OMEs in the control group ( P = .023). There was no difference in postoperative nonopioid medications, such as ketorolac or acetaminophen, given between groups.

Conclusion:

Patients undergoing hip arthroscopic surgery with air arthrography and venting used to aid distraction had significantly less postoperative pain and required a lower total dosage of opioids during their PACU stay when compared with patients who underwent hip arthroscopic surgery without air arthrography.
Modern Universities and Establishment: The Interactions of Islamic Azad University and Iran’s Power Centers
Authors: Rasekhi Abdollah
Published: April 2019

To examine the ways in which the Islamic Azad University interacts with the power centers in order to cooperate, constructivist school and power-knowledge theory have been used as a theoretical framework. In this research, scientific cooperation is emphasized instead of commercialization of scientific researches in Iran and in the Islamic Azad University. The role of the university is to organize cultural frameworks and to introduce them to the system for planning. Islamic Azad University pursues the interests of power centers to strengthen the system, expand knowledge and promote cultural values. The power centers combine the activity and the type of sovereignty with the prevailing culture in the universities and seminaries, where the scientific and religious teachings are involved in the process of legitimizing the dominant political system. The interaction of the Islamic Azad University with power centers through mutual and shared understanding, identifying the potentials and capacities of each other, in general, would meet the needs of both parties, improve functions of the organizations, maintain scientific independence and develop the university’s financial resources and, in particular, lead to the participation of members of university in the development of the country and the preservation of the political system in large-scale decision-making, assisting socialization and urban management and ultimately maintaining the human and physical assets of the Islamic Azad University.
Antithrombotic treatment for secondary prevention of stroke and other thromboembolic events in patients with stroke or transient ischemic attack and non-valvular atrial fibrillation: A European Stroke Organisation guideline
Authors: Klijn Catharina JM , Paciaroni Maurizio , Berge Eivind , Korompoki Eleni , Kõrv Janika , Lal Avtar , Putaala Jukka , Werring David J
Published: April 2019

Patients with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack and non-valvular atrial fibrillation have a high risk of recurrent stroke and other vascular events. The aim of this guideline is to provide recommendations on antithrombotic medication for secondary prevention of stroke and other vascular outcomes in these patients. The working group identified questions and outcomes, graded evidence, and developed recommendations according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach and the European Stroke Organisation (ESO) standard operating procedure for guidelines. The guideline was reviewed and approved by the ESO guideline board and the ESO executive committee. In patients with atrial fibrillation and previous stroke or transient ischemic attack, oral anticoagulants reduce the risk of recurrence over antiplatelets or no antithrombotic treatment. Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants are preferred over vitamin K antagonists because they have a lower risk of major bleeding and death. Recommendations are weak regarding timing of treatment, (re-)starting oral anticoagulants in patients with previous intracerebral haemorrhage, and treatment in specific patient subgroups of those of older age, with cognitive impairment, renal failure or small vessel disease, because of a lack of strong evidence. In conclusion, for patients with atrial fibrillation and ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack, non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants are the preferred treatment for secondary prevention of recurrent stroke or thromboembolism. Further research is required to determine the best timing for initiating oral anticoagulants after an acute ischemic stroke, whether or not oral anticoagulants should be (re)started in patients with a history of intracerebral haemorrhage, and the best secondary preventive treatment in specific subgroups.
Structural Plasticity Induced by Ketamine in Human Dopaminergic Neurons as Mechanism Relevant for Treatment-Resistant Depression
Authors: Collo Ginetta , Cavalleri Laura , Merlo Pich Emilio
Published: April 2019

The mechanisms underlying the antidepressant effects of ketamine in treatment-resistant depression are only partially understood. Reactivation of neural plasticity in prefrontal cortex has been considered critical in mediating the effects of standard antidepressants, but in treatment-resistant depression patients with severe anhedonia, other components of the affected brain circuits, for example, the dopamine system, could be involved. In a recent article in Molecular Psychiatry, we showed that ketamine induces neural plasticity in human and mouse dopaminergic neurons. Human dopaminergic neurons were differentiated from inducible pluripotent stem cells for over 60 days. Mimicking the pharmacokinetic exposures occurring in treatment-resistant depression subjects, cultures were incubated with either ketamine at 0.1 and 1 µM for 1 h or with its active metabolite (2R,6R)-hydroxynorketamine at 0.1 and 0.5 µM for up to 6 h. Three days after dosing, we observed a concentration-dependent increase in dendritic arborization and soma size. These effects were mediated by the activation of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor that triggered the pathways of mammalian target of rapamycin and extracellular signal-regulated kinase via the engagement of brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling, as previously described in rodent prefrontal cortex. Interestingly, we found that neural plasticity induced by ketamine requires functionally intact dopamine D3 receptors. These data are in keeping with our recent observation that plasticity can be induced in human dopaminergic neurons by the D3 receptor-preferential agonist pramipexole, whose effect as augmentation treatment in treatment-resistant depression has been reported. Overall, the evidence of pharmacologic response in human inducible pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons could provide complementary information to those provided by circuit-based imaging when assessing the potential response to a given augmentation treatment.
Regulation of gene expression by miR-144/451 during mouse erythropoiesis
Authors: Xu Peng , Palmer Lance E. , Lechauve Christophe , Zhao Guowei , Yao Yu , Luan Jing , Vourekas Anastasios , Tan Haiyan , Peng Junmin , Schuetz John D. , Mourelatos Zissimos , Wu Gang , Weiss Mitchell J. , Paralkar Vikram R.
Published: April 2019

The microRNA (miRNA) locus miR-144/451 is abundantly expressed in erythrocyte precursors, facilitating their terminal maturation and protecting against oxidant stress. However, the full repertoire of erythroid miR-144/451 target messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and associated cellular pathways is unknown. In general, the numbers of mRNAs predicted to be targeted by an miRNA vary greatly from hundreds to thousands, and are dependent on experimental approaches. To comprehensively and accurately identify erythroid miR-144/451 target mRNAs, we compared gene knockout and wild-type fetal liver erythroblasts by RNA sequencing, quantitative proteomics, and RNA immunoprecipitation of Argonaute (Ago), a component of the RNA-induced silencing complex that binds miRNAs complexed to their target mRNAs. Argonaute bound ∼1400 erythroblast mRNAs in a miR-144/451–dependent manner, accounting for one-third of all Ago-bound mRNAs. However, only ∼100 mRNAs were stabilized after miR-144/451 loss. Thus, miR-144 and miR-451 deregulate <10% of mRNAs that they bind, a characteristic that likely applies generally to other miRNAs. Using stringent selection criteria, we identified 53 novel miR-144/451 target mRNAs. One of these, Cox10, facilitates the assembly of mitochondrial electron transport complex IV. Loss of miR-144/451 caused increased Cox10 mRNA and protein, accumulation of complex IV, and increased mitochondrial membrane potential with no change in mitochondrial mass. Thus, miR-144/451 represses mitochondrial respiration during erythropoiesis by inhibiting the production of Cox10.
Ethical dilemmas in global mental health
Authors: Cherepanov Elena
Published: April 2019

Global mental health (GMH) work reminds us about our professional ideals and mission. GMH specialists conduct research and provide psychosocial and mental health support to populations affected by humanitarian crises around the world. This work exposes these specialists to situations with a high degree of moral ambiguity and no good solutions, where humanitarian accountability takes priority over conflicting values. Self-awareness helps to address the countertransference that confounds complex decision-making and can compromise the health and safety of all involved. The evolving role of GMH as a humanitarian actor underscores the importance of professional competencies in assuring the integrity and standards of practice.
Patient-Reported Outcome Results From the Open-Label, Randomized Phase III Myeloma X Trial Evaluating Salvage Autologous Stem-Cell Transplantation in Relapsed Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Ahmedzai Sam H. , Snowden John A. , Ashcroft Andrew John , Cairns David Allan , Williams Cathy , Hockaday Anna , Cavenagh Jamie D. , Ademokun Debo , Tholouli Eleni , Allotey David , Dhanapal Vijay , Jenner Matthew , Yong Kwee , Cavet Jim , Hunter Hannah , Bird Jennifer M. , Pratt Guy , Parrish Christopher , Brown Julia M. , Morris Treen C.M. , Cook Gordon ,   on behalf of the National Cancer Research Institute Haemato-Oncology Clinical Studies Group
Published: April 2019

PURPOSE

Salvage autologous stem-cell transplantation (sASCT) in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) relapsing after a prior autologous stem-cell transplantation leads to increased remission duration and overall survival. We report a comprehensive study on patient-reported outcomes, including quality of life (QoL) and pain in sASCT.

METHODS

Patients were randomly assigned to either sASCT or nontransplantation consolidation (NTC). Pain and QoL were assessed as secondary outcomes using validated QoL instruments (European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ-C30 and myeloma-specific module, QLQ-MY20; the Brief Pain Inventory [Short Form]; and the Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs [Self-Assessment] scale).

RESULTS

A total of 288 patients (> 96%) consented to the QoL substudy. The median follow-up was 52 months. The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ-C30 Global health status scores were higher (better) in the NTC group at 100 days after random assignment ( P = .0496), but not at later time points. Pain interference was higher (worse) in the sASCT group than in the NTC group at 6 months after random assignment ( P = .0267), with patients with sASCT reporting higher scores for Pain interference with daily living for up to 2 years after random assignment. Patients reporting lower concerns about adverse effects of treatment after sASCT had a time to progression advantage.

CONCLUSION

Patients with sASCT with relapsed MM demonstrated a comparative reduction in QoL and greater impact of treatment adverse effects lasting for 6 months and up to 2 years for pain, after which patients who had received sASCT reported better outcomes. Patients who experienced lower adverse effects after sASCT had longer time to progression and overall survival, showing the need to improve symptom management peritransplantation. To our knowledge, this study provides the most comprehensive picture of QoL before and after sASCT in patients with relapsed MM.
Management of Cancer-Associated Anemia With Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agents: ASCO/ASH Clinical Practice Guideline Update
Authors: Bohlius Julia , Bohlke Kari , Castelli Roberto , Djulbegovic Benjamin , Lustberg Maryam B. , Martino Massimo , Mountzios Giannis , Peswani Namrata , Porter Laura , Tanaka Tiffany N. , Trifirò Gianluca , Yang Hushan , Lazo-Langner Alejandro
Published: April 2019

PURPOSE

To update the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)/American Society of Hematology (ASH) recommendations for use of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) in patients with cancer.

METHODS

PubMed and the Cochrane Library were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and meta-analyses of RCTs in patients with cancer published from January 31, 2010, through May 14, 2018. For biosimilar ESAs, the literature search was expanded to include meta-analyses and RCTs in patients with cancer or chronic kidney disease and cohort studies in patients with cancer due to limited RCT evidence in the cancer setting. ASCO and ASH convened an Expert Panel to review the evidence and revise previous recommendations as needed.

RESULTS

The primary literature review included 15 meta-analyses of RCTs and two RCTs. A growing body of evidence suggests that adding iron to treatment with an ESA may improve hematopoietic response and reduce the likelihood of RBC transfusion. The biosimilar literature review suggested that biosimilars of epoetin alfa have similar efficacy and safety to reference products, although evidence in cancer remains limited.

RECOMMENDATIONS

ESAs (including biosimilars) may be offered to patients with chemotherapy-associated anemia whose cancer treatment is not curative in intent and whose hemoglobin has declined to < 10 g/dL. RBC transfusion is also an option. With the exception of selected patients with myelodysplastic syndromes, ESAs should not be offered to most patients with nonchemotherapy-associated anemia. During ESA treatment, hemoglobin may be increased to the lowest concentration needed to avoid transfusions. Iron replacement may be used to improve hemoglobin response and reduce RBC transfusions for patients receiving ESA with or without iron deficiency. Additional information is available at www.asco.org/supportive-care-guidelines and www.hematology.org/guidelines .
Intrinsic High Aerobic Capacity in Male Rats Protects Against Diet-Induced Insulin Resistance
Authors: Morris E Matthew , Meers Grace M E , Ruegsegger Gregory N , Wankhade Umesh D , Robinson Tommy , Koch Lauren G , Britton Steven L , Rector R Scott , Shankar Kartik , Thyfault John P
Published: April 2019

Low aerobic capacity increases the risk for insulin resistance but the mechanisms are unknown. In this study, we tested susceptibility to acute (3-day) high-fat, high-sucrose diet (HFD)–induced insulin resistance in male rats selectively bred for divergent intrinsic aerobic capacity, that is, high-capacity running (HCR) and low-capacity running (LCR) rats. We employed hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps, tracers, and transcriptome sequencing of skeletal muscle to test whether divergence in aerobic capacity impacted insulin resistance through systemic and tissue-specific metabolic adaptations. An HFD evoked decreased insulin sensitivity and insulin signaling in muscle and liver in LCR rats, whereas HCR rats were protected. An HFD led to increased glucose transport in skeletal muscle (twofold) of HCR rats while increasing glucose transport into adipose depots of the LCR rats (twofold). Skeletal muscle transcriptome revealed robust differences in the gene profile of HCR vs LCR on low-fat diet and HFD conditions, including robust differences in specific genes involved in lipid metabolism, adipogenesis, and differentiation. HCR transcriptional adaptations to an acute HFD were more robust than for LCR and included genes driving mitochondrial energy metabolism. In conclusion, intrinsic aerobic capacity robustly impacts systemic and skeletal muscle adaptations to HFD-induced alterations in insulin resistance, an effect that is likely driven by baseline differences in oxidative capacity, gene expression profile, and transcriptional adaptations to an HFD.
Adjuvant Radiation Improves Recurrence-Free Survival and Overall Survival in Adrenocortical Carcinoma
Authors: Gharzai Laila A , Green Michael D , Griffith Kent A , Else Tobias , Mayo Charles S , Hesseltine Elizabeth , Spratt Daniel E , Ben-Josef Edgar , Sabolch Aaron , Miller Barbara S , Worden Francis , Giordano Thomas J , Hammer Gary D , Jolly Shruti
Published: April 2019

Context

Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignancy with high rates of recurrence and poor prognosis. The role of radiotherapy (RT) in localized ACC has been controversial, and RT is not routinely offered.

Objective

To evaluate the benefit of adjuvant RT on outcomes in ACC.

Design

This is a retrospective propensity-matched analysis.

Setting

All patients were seen through the University of Michigan’s Endocrine Oncology program, and all those who underwent RT were treated at the University of Michigan.

Participants

Of 424 patients with ACC, 78 were selected; 39 patients underwent adjuvant radiation.

Intervention

Adjuvant RT to the tumor bed and adjacent lymph nodes.

Main Outcomes Measures

Time to local failure, distant failure, or death.

Results

Median follow-up time was 4.21 years (95% CI, 2.79 to 4.94). The median radiation dose was 55 Gy (range, 45 to 60). The 3-year overall survival estimate for patients improved from 48.6% for patients without RT (95% CI, 29.7 to 65.2) to 77.7% (95% CI, 56.3 to 89.5) with RT, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 3.59 (95% CI, 1.60 to 8.09; P = 0.002). RT improved local recurrence-free survival (RFS) from 34.2% (95% CI, 18.8 to 50.3) to 59.5% (95% CI, 39.0 to 75.0), with an HR of 2.67 (95% CI, 1.38 to 5.19; P = 0.0035). RT improved all RFS from 18.3% (95% CI, 6.7 to 34.3) to 46.7% (95% CI, 26.9 to 64.3), with an HR 2.59 (95% CI, 1.40 to 4.79; P = 0.0024).

Conclusions

In the largest single institution study to date, adjuvant RT after gross resection of ACC improved local RFS, all RFS, and overall survival in this propensity-matched analysis. Adjuvant RT should be considered a part of multidisciplinary management for patients with ACC.
31P NMR Study on the Reactions of Amino Acids and Sugar Derivatives with Pyrophosphorous Acid as a Possible Prebiotic Phosphonylating Agent
Authors: Seio Kohji , Shiozawa Takashi , Sugiyama Daiki , Ohno Kentaro , Tomori Takahito , Masaki Yoshiaki
Published: April 2019

Phosphorus is an essential element in living organisms. Evaluating prebiotic processes that lead to phosphorylated biomolecules is an important step toward understanding the origin of life. Schreibersite ([Fe,Ni]3P) is a meteoritic phosphorus mineral which releases various phosphorus species reactive toward biomolecules. We studied the reactions between biomolecules and pyrophosphorus acid (H4P2O5), which is a phosphorous acid derivative released from schreibersite. The reactions between pyrophosphorous acid and molecules having hydroxy groups were carried out under mild alkaline conditions. Notably, some biologically important molecules such as l-serine, l-tyrosine, l-threonine, d-ribose, and d-glyceraldehyde reacted with pyrophosphorous acid to give corresponding phosphonates. These results suggested that if schreibersite and the biomolecules co-existed in the prebiotic earth, they formed the phosphonates which were able to play roles as surrogates or precursors of phosphorylated biomolecules.
Comprendre la loi ephebarchique d’Amphipolis
Authors: Χατζόπουλος Μιλτιάδης
Published: April 2019

The author of the present article reviews the objections that have been raised to Calliope Lazaridou’s and his own interpretation of the recently published ephebarchical law from Amphipolis. To this end he exposes the overall plan of this legal document, devoting a special section to two of its articles which present a problem. He then examines the objections that have been raised a) against the identity of the two existing copies, b) against the common inspiration of the ephebarchical law of Amphipolis and the gymnasiarchical law of Beroia, and against the connection between the ephebarchical law and writings of classical authors on the education of the young. He concludes that the text engraved in 24/3 B.C. reproduces the provisions of the ephebarchical law promulgated under the Antigonids in the frst third of the second century B.C.
A New Roman Provincial Coin from Pella
Authors: Galani Georgia
Published: April 2019

The purpose of this article is to present a unique bronze coin of the Roman colony of Pella in Macedonia that was discovered during excavations of the Aristotle University at Dion. The coin belongs to a so-far unpublished issue and bears a female head on the obverse and a standing Pan on the reverse. The article discusses the iconographic types, the denomination and the dating of this issue that does not bear an imperial portrait. A dating in the 3rd century AD is suggested for its production.
Cartography and GIS
Authors: Раклов Вячеслав , Raklov Vyacheslav
Published: April 2019

The textbook considers the basic concepts of cartography, the history of its development, as well as the classification of maps and the main elements of the map, the issues of mathematical cartography, the main stages of creating maps, the factors, types and methods of cartographic generalization. Separate sections of the manual are devoted to cartographic signs and methods of image on maps of thematic content, the development of cartographic scales and methods of use of maps in land management and cadastre.
Separately, the issues of the functioning of geographical information systems (GIS): their composition, structure, technology for creating thematic maps in the GIS environment. The manual concludes with a section on GIS mapping for real estate cadastre, environmental protection and land monitoring, as well as recommendations on the choice of GIS and requirements for cartographic documentation of real estate cadastre.
Recommended for students studying in the field of "land Management", "Land cadastre", "Urban cadastre".
La curva de Kuznets ambiental y su relación con el cambio climático en América Latina y el Caribe: un análisis de cointegración con panel, 1980-2015
Authors: Sánchez Luis , Caballero Karina
Published: April 2019

Este artículo analiza la relación entre el cambio climático y la actividad económica en América Latina y el Caribe mediante la curva de Kuznets ambiental (cka). Los resultados del modelo de panel con cointegración para las emisiones de CO2 indican la existencia de la cka y la presencia de relaciones de cointegración entre las variables involucradas, por lo que es necesario alcanzar un punto de inflexión superior a 10.134 dólares per cápita (a precios de 2010) para poder estabilizar las emisiones y que, posteriormente, comiencen a reducirse, generando un proceso de actividad económica baja en carbono.
Algorithmic Bias? An Empirical Study of Apparent Gender-Based Discrimination in the Display of STEM Career Ads
Authors: Lambrecht Anja , Tucker Catherine
Published: April 2019

We explore data from a field test of how an algorithm delivered ads promoting job opportunities in the science, technology, engineering and math fields. This ad was explicitly intended to be gender neutral in its delivery. Empirically, however, fewer women saw the ad than men. This happened because younger women are a prized demographic and are more expensive to show ads to. An algorithm that simply optimizes cost-effectiveness in ad delivery will deliver ads that were intended to be gender neutral in an apparently discriminatory way, because of crowding out. We show that this empirical regularity extends to other major digital platforms.

This paper was accepted by Joshua Gans, business strategy.
Learning-by-Moving: Can Reconfiguring Spatial Proximity Between Organizational Members Promote Individual-level Exploration?
Authors: Lee Sunkee
Published: April 2019

This research proposes that individual-level exploration can be promoted by reconfiguring the spatial proximity between organizational members’ workspaces. To test this idea, I exploit a natural experiment in an e-commerce company where the spatial distances between organizational members’ workspaces were reconfigured. Consistent with the theory I develop on learning, results suggest that individuals whose workspaces were moved closer to those of previously separated peers engaged in more individual-level exploration. This pattern was stronger for individuals who had higher prior organizational experience and those who did not have ties with previously separated peers. Finally, I found that the relocated individuals also achieved higher financial performance. Overall, this study highlights the importance of an underexamined organization design element—spatial design—and its implications for organizational learning, individual-level exploration, and firm performance.

The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2019.1291 .
Reshaping the Society Face through The Culture of Horror Told in Shirley Jackson’s The Lottery
Authors: Sari Fani Alfionita , Tur Ajar Pradika Ananta
Published: April 2019

Building a new society can be implemented through cutting the chain of a certain generation. Then, brainwash to younger one will be the powerful weapon to change the face of the society by the authority. This study analyzes the use of perlocutionary acts used by characters in Sirley Jackson's short story, The Lottery, that tells the redaers about the culture of horror expressed by the characters to reshape the face of the society. The descriptive qualitative method was used to investigate the essence of the culture of horror through perlocutionary acts. Besides, the contextual method was also applied to support the meaning of the culture of horror in the form of narration in the short story. The result of this study is that the perlocutionary acts used have 4 out of 5 parts according to the speaker's expression, namely: a) convincing, b) inviting, c) blocking, d) surprising. Then the effects of this perlocutionary act can create a horror effect based on the context, culture, and background of the story.Building a new society can be implemented through cutting the chain of a certaingeneration. Then, brainwash to younger one will be the powerful weapon to changethe face of the society by the authority. This study analyzes the use of perlocutionaryacts used by characters in Sirley Jackson's short story, The Lottery, that tells theredaers about the culture of horror expressed by the characters to reshape the faceof the society. The descriptive qualitative method was used to investigate the essenceof the culture of horror through perlocutionary acts. Besides, the contextual methodwas also applied to support the meaning of the culture of horror in the form ofnarration in the short story. The result of this study is that the perlocutionary actsused have 4 out of 5 parts according to the speaker's expression, namely: a)convincing, b) inviting, c) blocking, d) surprising. Then the effects of thisperlocutionary act can create a horror effect based on the context, culture, andbackground of the story.
Caseload management: a district nursing challenge
Authors: McCrory Victoria
Published: April 2019

The district nurse is accountable for the standard of nursing care that is delivered by the team they lead. One of the key challenges in ensuring the provision of a high standard of care is effective caseload management, and caseload management is a core component of the district nursing role. This article highlights the strategic drivers behind community care, outlines the challenges that impact effective caseload management and discusses why effective caseload management is significant in the delivery of community care. It also explores the delegation of workload, triaging referrals, caseload analysis and clinical supervision as methods that the district nurse can use to overcome and manage the challenges that caseload management can present.
Rare health conditions 21: Moebius syndrome, juvenile polyposis syndrome, Klippel-Trénaunay syndrome and Milroy disease
Authors: Barber Chris
Published: April 2019

The purpose of this series is to highlight a range of rare health conditions. Rare health conditions are those that affect no more and usually less than 1 person in every 2000 and many HCAs and nurses will encounter some of these conditions, given the high number of them. This 21st article will briefly explore four of these conditions.
Postoperative cognitive decline: the nurse's role in identifying this underestimated and misinterpreted condition
Authors: Di Santo Luca
Published: April 2019

Background:

postoperative cognitive changes can increase morbidity and mortality, demand for postoperative care and social and health costs, and can lead to dementia.

Aim:

this article discusses perioperative variables that can be used to identify patients who are more vulnerable to experiencing cognitive decline after surgery. It also highlights some screening tools that could be useful for early detection and for planning nursing care.

Method:

a literature search was conducted using the Medline, CINAHL, PsychINFO and Cochrane Library databases from 2010 to 2018. Google Scholar was also consulted. The reference lists of relevant articles covering postoperative delirium (POD) and postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) were reviewed for further relevant papers.

Conclusion:

assessment and evaluation of a patient's cognitive resources before and after surgery can lead to clinical interventions to support the person's coping mechanisms; health professionals can reduce the short- and long-term effects of cognitive decline. Screening tools could be used as part of a strategy to minimise postoperative cognitive changes.
Adult pain assessment and management
Authors: Ford Claire
Published: April 2019

Claire Ford, Lecturer, Adult Nursing, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne ( claire.ford@northumbria.ac.uk ) outlines the skills and tools health professionals use to help patients manage pain
Blood glucose monitoring in diabetes: rationale and procedure
Authors: Gordon Charlotte
Published: April 2019

Diabetes mellitus is a condition that results in elevated blood glucose levels. Continued elevation can contribute to progressive micro- and macrovascular complications, leading to renal, nerve and ocular damage, representing a significant contributor to patient morbidity and mortality. The measurement of blood glucose provides information on the effectiveness of blood glucose metabolism and guides interventions to achieve optimal glucose control within the body. All nurses should be familiar with the importance of blood glucose monitoring and the procedure to carry out testing safely and effectively. Appropriate and timely monitoring of blood glucose will allow for the successful management of blood glucose that is out of the target range. This will ensure ongoing patient safety during episodes of acute illness or effective management of diabetes mellitus in the longer term, minimising future diabetic-related health complications.
Health literacy and liver cirrhosis: testing three screening tools for face validity
Authors: Pinderup Thea , Bager Palle
Published: April 2019

Patients who have liver cirrhosis, which is a chronic and complex disease, have to understand a lot of information, including the nature of the disease and the structure of the healthcare system. It is important for nurses to be able to tailor care to this group of patients. It can therefore be useful to know the level of patients' health literacy (HL). In general, HL is measured through self-administered questionnaires. This study investigated the face validity of three HL questionnaires with a total of 108 outpatients with liver cirrhosis. The patients were allocated to one of 6 groups, within which the questionnaires administered in a different order; the allocation to each groups was random. One-third of patients needed help to complete the questionnaires: these were mostly individuals with alcohol-related liver cirrhosis, low levels of education, who were mostly male. The order of questionnaires was found to be unimportant, as the results were similar across the 6 groups. Measuring HL in patients with liver cirrhosis is a challenge—and the findings of this study indicate that exposing patients to any questionnaire could be used as a rough screening tool.
Patients' knowledge and opinions of ICDs during life, illness and at the time of death
Authors: Mooney Mary , McKee Gabrielle , McDermott Eadaoin , O'Donnell Sharon , Ryan Paul , Moser Debra , O'Brien Frances
Published: April 2019

Use of an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) is an established therapy for the prevention of sudden cardiac death. However, at the end of life, these devices can prolong the dying experience, causing physical and psychological trauma. Patients are often unaware of their options regarding ICD management at the end of their life, which highlights the need for health professionals to have these discussions with patients. This study aimed to identify patients' knowledge and opinions about their ICD and the factors influencing their knowledge and opinions. Of the 30 participants in this study, 59% had sufficient knowledge about ICDs. There was no relationship between knowledge and time since implantation (p=0.11). A relationship existed between knowledge and age; those that were older were better informed (p=0.008). The authors conclude that patient education and communication are essential for patients with ICDs to enhance decision-making about ICD management at the end of life.
Teaching clinical skills in pre-registration nurse education: value and methods
Authors: Francis Gary , O'Brien Martina
Published: April 2019

This article explores the value of teaching clinical skills in pre-registration nurse education. It touches on stages of competence and the knowledge necessary to enable the learner to meet the standards of proficiency expected of registered nurses. Some contemporary issues around clinical skills teaching are discussed. How clinical skills can be taught and learnt as well as common problems encountered by learners and by educators are highlighted. This article also aims to stimulate discussion around the Nursing and Midwifery Council's new standards of proficiency for registered nurses. It discusses how learners will be prepared to undertake all nursing procedures outlined in these standards within a changing healthcare education landscape and an increasingly complex health and social care environment.
Orient express
Authors: Jozwiak Gabriella
Published: April 2019

How can settings ensure they are inclusive of LGBT+families and members of staff, asks Gabriella Jozwiak
With feeling
Authors: Hodgkins Angela
Published: April 2019

A chance comment about ‘compassion fatigue’ led Angela Hodgkins, senior lecturer at the University of Worcester, to research the emotional impact of working in the early years. Here she sets out her findings
The role of practice nurses in annual epilepsy reviews
Authors: Mantri Pamela
Published: April 2019

Annual epilepsy reviews can provide substantial benefits for people living with epilepsy, and practice nurses are ideally placed to undertake them. Pamela Mantri explains how a review can be undertaken and signposts useful resources for more information

This article plans to support practice nurses to undertake effective annual epilepsy reviews. It discusses the purpose and potential of annual reviews and a practice nurse role. Practice nurses are well placed to identify and manage risk factors and comorbidities in people with epilepsy. The article identifies situations for onward referral for specialist reviews and it lists high-quality resources to support practice nurses in undertaking reviews. Annual epilepsy reviews offer patients an opportunity to discuss their concerns with a health professional. Reviews can greatly enhance quality of life, identify comorbidities and ensure timely referral to specialist services where indicated.
Exploring material culture of carpets in Turkey via an art project
Authors: Veryeri Alaca Ilgım , Aktaş Bilge Merve
Published: April 2019

This article reports on an art project carried out by undergraduates in a core course entitled ‘Art and Innovation’ offered at Koc University in Istanbul, based on traditional handmade carpets in Turkey. The project enables 23 undergraduates from various disciplines to become acquainted with material culture and art as they reflect on the carpets’ declining presence in contemporary culture. The goals of the project are first to acquaint the students with the art history and symbolism of carpets from Turkey, then to invite students to investigate contemporary artworks created in relation to carpets and finally to move into sketching and discussions later to have the students conceptualize an artwork that reflects the changing status of handmade carpets and the weaving tradition as an indicator of transformations in society.
The Artists’ House: The recontextualized art practices of British postgraduate students in conversation with Italian amateur artists
Authors: Broadhead Samantha
Published: April 2019

The article is developed from a paper presented at the European Society for Research on the Education of Adults (ESREA) Access, Learning Careers and Identity Network Conference 2017: Exploring Learning Contexts: Implications for Access, Learning Careers and Identities. It explores how the recontextualization of creative practice and communal living as part of a pedagogic device reveals the ideology behind what constitutes a professional artist and a successful art student. This is achieved through the application of Bernstein’s theories of horizontal and vertical discourse in conjunction with his theory of the pedagogic device to a case study based on a residency at ‘The Artists’ House’, based in Canale Di Tenno in Italy. It was found that the participating students were able to perform those successful creative practitioner identities that were regulated by official art and design pedagogic discourse. However, the Artists’ House residency also reproduced disadvantage. Those students who did not take part were in danger of being positioned as unsuccessful creative practitioners because they could be seen by tutors, their peers and themselves as not being gregarious, risk-taking or globally orientated.
Social media trivialization of the increasing participation of women in politics in Ethiopia
Authors: Kassa Bruktawit Ejigu , Sarikakis Katharine
Published: April 2019

Social media, Facebook in particular, is increasingly serving as an alternative platform for discussing politics in Ethiopia. Unfortunately, it has also become a public sphere in which not only political views are shared but also discourses that ridicule women’s increasing role in Ethiopian politics are constructed and disseminated through. By analysing a sample of Facebook texts which tease the wave of women’s appointment to political power in Ethiopia, this paper argues that the discursive meanings of the texts are indicatives of a patriarchal society’s deep-rooted resistance towards women’s engagement in the public sphere as well as its strong desire to maintain the status quo. The theoretical foundation of the analytic framework to be employed in analysing the Facebook messages is the post-structuralist and postmodern approach to discourse, particularly the Habermasian view of the complex relationship between texts, their contexts of productions and interpretations and the broader life world.
Policy, regulation and implementation of advertiser-funded programming in South Africa: A case of the South African Broadcasting Corporation (SABC)
Authors: Khosa Risimati Maurice , Khosa Miyelani
Published: April 2019

Evolving technology has changed television viewing patterns, with the resultant effect of advertisers having less confidence in the effectiveness of traditional television advertising. Advertisers and broadcasters alike are, as a result, forced to come up with creative ways to maintain and increase revenue. This has led to the rise of alternative ways of advertising in television, such as advertiser-funded programming (AFP). This study sought to investigate the policy, ethical and regulatory considerations brought about by AFP, and also, the implementation of AFP at the South African Broadcasting Corporation (SABC). Through the employment of semistructured interviews, the study divulges that the implementation of AFP within the SABC basically follows the trends of implementing AFP worldwide. However, the actual policy and regulatory environment requires an overhaul as it exhibits many flaws. As a result, this study provides possible policy recommendations.
Sweeping gestures: Alberto Alonso and the revolutionary musical in Cuba
Authors: Schwall Elizabeth
Published: April 2019

This article examines Cuban choreographer Alberto Alonso and his dance contributions to Cuban musical theatre from the 1940s through the early 1960s. The analysis integrates the histories of Alonso’s training, performance career and choreographic output with developments in Cuban musical theatre before and after the 1959 Cuban Revolution. In particular, it focuses on Alonso’s 1964 ballet El Solar (The Slum), which became a 1965 musical film Un día en el solar (A Day in the Slum) and live musical Mi Solar (My Slum). I argue that Alonso subtly questioned officialdom with his musical choreography that showed revolutionary movements springing not from the state but from Cuban citizens of different racial backgrounds as they enacted the chores and delights of life. Moreover, Alonso’s work challenged cultural hierarchies, which held so-called high art forms like ballet above popular dance, by emphasizing the endless creativity of Cubans moving through their everyday.
Deconstructing Fosse
Authors: Foulkes Julia L.
Published: April 2019

This article discusses ‘Paramodernities #5: All That Spectacle: Dance on Stage and Screens’, the instalment of Netta Yerushalmy’s Paramodernities series focusing on Bob Fosse’s film version of Sweet Charity (1969). Paramodernities was a 2018 series of performance pieces that examined the movement of six iconic works of choreography as a way to understand modernity. Fosse created an iconic style that circulated through Broadway and Hollywood, unlike the works of Balanchine, Graham and Ailey, which exist primarily on concert stages. The article explores how that commercial circulation changes dance and our perceptions of moving bodies. In particular, Sweet Charity illuminates the cultural stratification of modernism, poised between high art and abstraction and commodified popular culture, replete with racial appropriations and sexualized movement. In a battle over cultural capital, Fosse sets up dance as a shiny but haunted spectacle.
Turns of ‘fate’: Jack Cole, jazz and Bharata Natyam in diasporic translation
Authors: Acharya Rohini , Kaufman Eric
Published: April 2019

The musical Kismet opened on Broadway in 1953. This commercially successful play, translated into a film version released two years later, included some of Jack Cole’s most widely viewed and popular choreography, which resulted in the exposure of Bharata Natyam to a mass audience through its incorporation into jazz dance. Cole’s ‘Hindu swing’ continues to confound years later, even as Bharata Natyam has ever-increasing prominence in global theatre. This article considers how the form, in migration from Madras to Manhattan, was (and is) materialized and reinscribed, discussing how exoticism and Orientalism are implicated in the mechanisms of this transmogrification. Exploring Cole’s involvement with ‘Hindu’ dance calls into question a range of issues related to the parallel histories of musical theatre dance in the mid-twentieth century, and classical Indian dance in the period of transition from colonial possession to postcolonial independence. We investigate the ways in which Indian culture in diaspora has been translated in our practice, and the ways in which the reception of dance reflects an ‘invisibilization’ of ‘foreign’ cultural practice in American popular culture. Collaborating on presenting our juxtaposed experience brings embodied reflection into dialogue with dance scholarship, while also exploring the intersection of these distinct and seemingly discrete dance practices.
УДАЛЕНИЕ ИНФОРМАЦИИ В СЕТИ ИНТЕРНЕТ КАК СПОСОБ ЗАЩИТЫ ЧЕСТИ, ДОСТОИНСТВА И ДЕЛОВОЙ РЕПУТАЦИИ ГРАЖДАН
Authors: Selina Anna , Kholodenko Yury
Published: April 2019

В статье рассматриваются особенности и проблемы реализации такого способа защиты чести, достоинства и деловой репутации как удаление информации в сети Интернет. Указанный способ является одним из новых специальных способов защиты, закрепленных в ГК РФ в 2013 году Федеральным законом «О внесении изменений в подраздел 3 раздела I части первой Гражданского кодекса Российской Федерации». Проанализировано Постановление Конституционного Суда РФ от 09.07.2013 № 18-П, в котором давались пояснения относительно установления потенциальных ответчиков при реализации данного способа защиты, так как возникал вопрос, кого привлекать к ответственности при условии, что невозможно установить лицо, которое распространило порочащие сведения в сети Интернет. Ответственность у лиц наступает вне зависимости от того, зарегистрирован интернет-сайт в качестве средства массовой информации или нет. Исследована природа указанной выше ответственности, а также возможность применения мер по обеспечению иска, которые позволят приостановить распространение порочащей информации до принятия окончательного решения по судебному спору. В статье исследуются вновь принятые нормативно-правовые акты, которые непосредственно регулируют вопросы применения и дальнейший механизм реализации такого способа защиты, как удаление информации в сети Интернет. В статье представлена актуальная судебная практика по вопросам применения исследуемых способов защиты, выявлены практические и теоретические проблемы их применения, предложены изменения в действующее законодательство для устранения существующих недостатков правового регулирования защиты чести, достоинства и деловой репутации граждан с помощью удаления порочащей информации из сети Интернет.