bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Različni pogledi na organizacijske vrednote slovenskih direktorjev in podjetnikov
Authors: Boštjančič Eva
Published: December 2024

V organizaciji potekajo procesi na različnih ravneh. Tako predstavljajo vrednote del organizacijske kulture. Ponavadi se oblikujejo umetno, pri čemer zaposleni z višjo stopnjo izobrazbe pogosteje prevzemajo notranje vrednote, zaposleni z nižjo stopnjo izobrazbe pa zunanje. V pričujoči raziskavi smo se usmerili k ugotavljanju razlik v zaznavanju le-teh pri direktorjih in podjetnikih. Kot del projekta GLOBE, smo uporabili lestvico organizacijskih vrednot R. House in sodelavcev (1997). Sodelovalo je 59 vodij in 565 njihovih podrejenih. Rezultati kažejo, da sta si obravnavani skupini najbolj enotni pri ocenjevanju vrednot zadovoljstva potrošnikov in učinkih na dolgoročno konkurenčnost organizacije. Razlike med podjetniki in direktorji pa nastajajo pri njihovem pogledu glede učinkov na okolje, pri vrednoti profitabilnost podjetja pa je razlika le nakazana.
Razvojno analitični pogled na narcisizem
Authors: Matjan Štuhec Polona
Published: December 2024

Narcisistična patologija je povezana s patologijo selfa. Pričujoči članek napravi pregled definicij razvojno analitičnih teorij in se ustavi pri Kohutu, Kernbergu, Mastersonu, Auerbachu in Mollonu. Pove, kaj je self in ga opredeli kot strukturo, ki ima svojo razvojno linijo. Narcisizem je osebnostna motnja, ki ima korenine tako v predojdipskih fazah razvoja, predvsem v obdobju prakticiranja in v obdobju približevanja kot tudi v ojdipski fazi. Po najnovejših raziskavah je prav ojdipska situacija ter odnos med materjo, očetom otroka (ali moškim partnerjem) in otrokom tisti, ki otrokov patološki narcisizem najbolj podpira. Matere, ki ne verjamejo v zadovoljujoč odnos z moškim, otroka zadržujejo v diadni poziciji in onemogočajo razvoj otrokove identitete.
Nevropsihologija glasbe – razvijajoče se področje psihologije
Authors: Habe Katarina
Published: December 2024

Povezanost glasbe in možganov je predmet zanimanja psihologov, glasbenikov in nevroznanstvenikov. V zadnjih letih je to področje doseglo največji razcvet izmed vseh področij glasbene psihologije. Namen pričujočega članka je predstaviti poglavitna spoznanja številnih raziskav s področja glasbene nevropsihologije v tujini in v Sloveniji, klasificirati dosedanje raziskave s tega področja v večje kategorije in napovedati smernice nadaljnjega razvoja. Obstaja več nivojev raziskovanja na področju nevropsihologije glasbe: (1) analiza normalnih in abnormalnih psiholoških in fizioloških funkcij, ki determinirajo osnovne principe in načine, s katerimi človeški možgani predelujejo, kodirajo, skladiščijo in ustvarjajo glasbo ter (2) opis kliničnih deficitov v glasbeni percepciji, kogniciji in glasbenem ustvarjanju, ki izhajajo iz lokaliziranih ali difuznih okvar živčnega sistema. Poglavitne teme, s katerimi se ukvarja glasbena nevropsihologija so modeli glasbenega procesiranja, prirojene in pridobljene motnje glasbenega procesiranja, uporaba metod možganskega slikanja med glasbenim procesiranjem in uporaba glasbe kot kliničnega in terapevtskega sredstva. Čeprav so se v Sloveniji izvajale raziskave s tega področja od leta 2003 dalje, pa je bil ključni "formalni" korak v smeri prepoznavanja povezanosti možganov in glasbe narejen v letu 2009 v okviru Tedna možganov, v organizaciji društva Sinapsa.
Objektni odnosi in stili navezanosti v odraslosti
Authors: Žvelc Gregor
Published: December 2024

Teorija navezanosti in teorija objektnih odnosov raziskujeta medosebne odnose od otroštva preko celotnega življenjskega ciklusa. Cilj raziskave je bil ugotoviti povezanost med dimenzijami objektnih odnosov in stili navezanosti v odraslosti. 176 študentov Univerze v Ljubljani je izpolnilo Test objektnih odnosov (Žvelc, 1998) in Vprašalnik medosebnih odnosov (Bartholomew in Horowitz, 1991). Rezultati raziskave kažejo na pomembne in teoretično konsistentne korelacije med objektnimi odnosi in stili navezanosti v odraslosti. Stil varne navezanosti se povezuje z nizko izraženostjo odvisnosti in odtujenosti. Preokupiran stil se pozitivno povezuje z dimenzijo odvisnost. Rezultati raziskave potrjujejo delitev izogibajoče navezanosti na dva različna stila. V skladu s pričakovanji se plašljivo-izogibajoči stil pozitivno povezuje z dimenzijo odvisnost in odtujenost. Čeprav posamezniki s plašljivo-izogibajočim stilom hrepenijo po tesnejših odnosih, se jih obenem bojijo. Po drugi strani pa posamezniki z odklonilno-izogibajočim stilom zanikajo potrebo po odnosih in delujejo samozadostni (korelacije z dimenzijo zagledanost vase in odtujenost). Avtor predlaga, da bi bilo pri merjenju stilov navezanosti koristno upoštevati še dimenzijo vzajemnost-zagledanost vase.
Spolne zlorabe: povezanost psihičnih posledic s starostjo ob zlorabi, s trajanjem zlorabe in podporo žrtvam v okolju
Authors: Šraj Tanja
Published: December 2024

Psihične posledice spolne zlorabe pri raziskovalcih že več kot 20 let vzbujajo veliko zanimanje. Poleg ocenjevanja psihičnih posledic, raziskovalce zanima tudi povezanost le-teh z drugimi karakteristikami spolne zlorabe. Na vzorcu 87 žrtev spolne zlorab smo raziskali povezanost posledic s časovnimi spremenljivkami (starost žrtve ob začetku, koncu in razkritju spolnega zlorabljanja ter trajanje spolne zlorabe) in podporo žrtvi ob razkritju. Rezultati kažejo, da so s starostjo povezane nekatere posledice. Pri trajanju spolne zlorabe se kaže tendenca k pozitivni povezanosti z dolgoročnimi posledicami. Ugotovili smo tudi, da se pomembno negativno povezujejo predvsem dolgoročne posledice in podpora, ki jo je žrtev prejela. Ob povečanju števila udeležencev bi bilo v prihodnosti smiselno nadaljnje raziskovanje povezav med posledicami in preostalimi karakteristikami spolne zlorabe.
Razvoj pripovedovanja zgodbe v zgodnjem otroštvu
Authors: Marjanovič Umek Ljubica , Fekonja Peklaj Urška , Podlesek Anja
Published: December 2024

Pripovedovanje zgodbe predstavlja pomemben vidik otrokove govorne kompetentnosti, ki je v celoti vezana na razumevanje in izražanje dekontekstualizirane vsebine in se v obdobju med drugim in šestim letom otrokove starosti hitro razvija. Namen raziskave je bil preučiti starostne razlike v pripovedovanju zgodbe otrok v obdobju med tretjim in šestim letom starosti. Poleg tega smo želele preučiti učinek spola na pripovedovanja zgodbe različno starih otrok. V vzorec je bilo vključenih 156 otrok, starih od 3 do 6 let, ki so bili razdeljeni v 3 starostne skupine, in sicer otroci, stari 3, 4 in 5 let. Otrokovo kompetentnost pripovedovanja zgodbe smo ocenile s pomočjo Preizkusa pripovedovanja zgodbe Rokavička. Zgodbe, ki so jih ob standardni slikovni predlogi povedali otroci, so bile analizirane z vidika meril, ki smo jih oblikovale za ocenjevanje razvojne ravni povedanih zgodb in posegajo na področja besed v zgodbi, slovnične strukture in vsebine zgodbe. Dobljeni rezultati kažejo, da v obdobju zgodnjega otroštva prihaja do nekaterih pomembnih starostnih sprememb v otrokovem pripovedovanju zgodbe. Petletni otroci pripovedujejo daljše zgodbe z bolj zapleteno slovnično strukturo in koherentno vsebino kot triletni otroci. Dosežki otrok po posameznih merilih za ocenjevanje razvojne ravni zgodbe s starostjo razmeroma enakomerno naraščajo. Rezultati so prav tako pokazali, da spol nima pomembnega učinka na pripovedovanje zgodbe različno starih otrok.
Kako osebnost otrok z motnjo v duševnem razvoju opisujejo njihovi starši?
Authors: Colnerič Blanka , Zupančič Maja
Published: December 2024

Petfaktorski model (PFM) osebnostnih domen je uporabna taksonomija za razvrščanje starševskih opisov otrok in mladostnikov v različnih deželah. V pričujoči študiji so 156 otrok (Mstarost = 6,95 let) z motnjo v duševnem razvoju (MDR) opisovali mame in očeti. Za razvrščanje posredovanih opisov sva uporabili kodirno shemo, oblikovano v mednarodni raziskavi. Shema vključuje pet glavnih kategorij, vsako s tremi podkategorijami ter deset kategorij izven PFM. Več kot 70 % opisnikov sva uvrstili v pet glavnih kategorij, kar kaže, da je PFM ustrezna taksonomija tudi za razvrščanje osebnostnih značilnosti posameznikov z MDR. Opise v posameznih podkategorijah sva primerjali tudi med staršema ter ugotovili pomembno ujemanje. V primerjavi z vzorci podobno starih normativnih otrok v različnih deželah, je bil delež opisnikov otrok z MDR večji v kategoriji sprejemljivosti, predvsem zaradi večjega obsega opisnikov v podkategorijah sodelovanje in nizka obvladljivost. Razmeroma manjši delež opisov sva uvrstili v kategorijo odprtost/intelekt; večinoma so starši poročali o interesih otrok z MDR. Najnižji delež opisnikov sva prepoznali v kategorijah vestnost in čustvena nestabilnost. Izmed opisov otrok, ki pomensko ne sodijo v domeno PFM, sva najvišji delež opisov razvrstili v kategorijo za motnjo specifični, saj so starši pogosto omenjali značilnosti, povezane z MDR.
Uporaba Rorschachovega testa v klinični nevropsihologiji
Authors: Ožura Ana , Štukovnik Vita
Published: December 2024

Rorschachov test je pogosto uporabljan za ocenjevanje osebnosti v sklopu celostnega kliničnopsihološkega pregleda v svetu. Na Nevrološki kliniki v Ljubljani pa ga pogosto uporabljamo kot del nevropsihološke ocene. V članku smo naredili pregled informacij, ki so pomembne za uporabo tega testa v klinični praksi, s poudarkom na njegovi uporabi v nevropsihologiji. Rorschachov test je v preteklosti veljal za kontroverzen inštrument. Predstavljamo povzetek raziskav, ki ugotavljajo njegovo uporabnost ter psihometrične lastnosti. Testa ne pojmujemo le v strogem projekcijskem smislu, temveč opisujemo teoretične preglede kognitivnih procesov, ki so potrebni za reševanje Rorschachovega testa kot testa problemov. Na področju nevropsihologije je število raziskav še precej omejeno. Hkrati test še nima teoretične podlage, ki bi bila osnovana na odnosu med možgani in vedenjem in bi bila potrebna za uvrstitev med nevropsihološke teste. Kljub temu, se v zadnjem času v svetovni literaturi kaže povečano zanimanje za nevrološke korelate procesa odgovarjanja na ta test. V sestavku opisujemo tudi raziskavo pri bolnikih z multiplo sklerozo, ki smo jo z Rorschachovim testom opravili avtorji. Navedene so usmeritve za raziskovanje v prihodnosti.
DIGITAL BANKING ADOPTION, BANK SIZE, AND BANK PERFORMANCE IN INDONESIA
Authors: Setiawan Rahmat , Prakoso Leonardus
Published: December 2024

Introduction: The adoption of technology has become prevalent in the banking sector. This research investigates the potential correlation between the implementation of digital banking adoption and the bank performance (Return on Assets and Operational Efficiency Rasio), while considering the factor of bank size.
Methods: This research utilizes panel data regression to assess the effect of digital banking adoption on the performance of banking firms. Additionally, it explores whether the bank size influences the strength of the relationship between the independent and dependent variables.
Results: Digital banking adoption (DBA) has a significant negative impacts Return on Assets (ROA) and has a significant positive effect on the Operational Efficiency Ratio (BOPO). The bank size weakens the negative impact of DBA on ROA; the bank size also weakens the positive impact of DBA on BOPO.
Conclusion and suggestion: This study demonstrates the occurrence of the profitability paradox and economies of scale in Indonesian banking companies. For decision-makers in banking companies, these findings can be considered when determining the optimal company size to enhance digital banking adoption and improve banking performance.
BANK COMPETITION AND FINANCIAL STABILITY IN NIGERIA
Authors: Ariyibi Mayowa Ebenezer , Agbatogun Taofeek Osidero , Soyemi Kenny Ade
Published: December 2024

Introduction: The study examined the impact of bank competition on the financial stability of selected deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study employed panel data (secondary data) that was collected from 2019 to 2023 (both years inclusive).
Methods: The panel regression analysis was employed to determine the relationship between the outcome variables and explanatory variable, taking decisions from the Huasman test.
Results The findings of the study from objective one revealed that the Herfindahl-Hirchman loan Index has a positive significant effect on capital adequacy ratio along with diversification ratio and bank size, which are control variables. It also has a negative significant effect on capital adequacy ratio. Objective two revealed that the Herfindahl-Hirchman Deposit Index diversification ratio and bank size have a positive significant effect on non-performing loans in Nigeria.
Conclusion and suggestion: Based on the findings, it therefore recommended that deposit money banks should diversify their loan portfolio across sectors and customer types to mitigate a concentration risk in the deposit money banks. Reallocating capital from less diversified or larger loans to smaller, more diversified segments of the portfolio would spur the level of competition accuracy of the banks.
Pengetahuan dan Sikap tentang Kanker Serviks dan Vaksinasi HPV pada Mahasiswi Kampus C Universitas Airlangga
Authors: Putri Ambarwulan  , Ragil Tri Puspitasari  , Afsy Nadifa Afandi  , Nisrina Zakiyah Ahlam Khairunnisa  , Natalia Tri Mulyani Haryanti  , Rizky Amalia Purnama Putri  , Audea Fitri Anggraeni  , Annisa Nur Imani Sjafik Putri  , Mochammad Iqbal Roudlotus Salam  , Haidar Ainani Hisan  , Mar'i Hendra Majid  , Arie Sulistyarini
Published: December 2024

Kanker serviks menjadi masalah utama dan penyebab kematian terbesar kedua pada wanita di Indonesia. Sebagian besar kanker serviks disebabkan oleh Human Papilloma Virus (HPV). Pencegahan primer kanker serviks adalah dengan promosi kesehatan terkait vaksinasi HPV. Kurangnya informasi terkait vaksinasi HPV menjadi salah satu penyebab rendahnya pengetahuan terkait kanker serviks dan pencegahannya. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui profil pengetahuan dan sikap mahasiswi S1 Kampus C Universitas Airlangga mengenai kanker serviks dan pencegahannya melalui vaksin HPV. Penelitian ini bersifat cross sectional dan teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan accidental sampling. Kuesioner disebarkan secara daring menggunakan Google Form dengan dua belas pertanyaan terkait pengetahuan dan lima pertanyaan terkait sikap. Data hasil penelitian ditampilkan secara deskriptif. Dari 149 responden penelitian ini, sebanyak 57,0% mahasiswi memiliki pengetahuan yang sedang, tetapi masih terdapat beberapa hal yang belum diketahui, terutama mengenai pengobatan kanker serviks. Sebanyak 70 mahasiswi meyakini bahwa vaksin dapat meningkatkan kualitas hidup dan 96 mahasiswi meyakini bahwa vaksin HPV penting untuk dilakukan. Akan tetapi, harga vaksin yang terlalu mahal dan kurangnya informasi mengenai vaksin menjadi penghambat untuk melakukan vaksinasi. Maka dari itu, perlu dilakukan promosi kesehatan berupa edukasi agar dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan sikap masyarakat dalam melakukan vaksinasi HPV.
Evaluasi Rasionalitas Penggunaan Favipiravir pada Pasien COVID-19 di Rumah Sakit Dirgahayu Samarinda Tahun 2022
Authors: Yason Lukius  , Rusdiati Helmidanora  , Heri Wijaya
Published: December 2024

Favipiravir merupakan antivirus yang dapat digunakan sebagai terapi pengobatan pada pasien COVID-19 apabila digunakan secara tepat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui rasionalitas penggunaan Favipiravir pada pasien COVID-19 di Rumah Sakit Dirgahayu Samarinda pada tahun 2022 berdasarkan kriteria tepat pasien, tepat diagnosis, tepat obat, tepat dosis, tepat interval waktu pemberian, tepat lama pemberian, dan waspada efek samping obat. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian non eksperimental yang dilakukan dengan observasional deskriptif, teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode total sampling secara retrospektif. Karakteristik pasien COVID-19 pada 53 sampel dalam penelitian ini sebesar 62,3% berusia 26-45 tahun, dengan dominasi pasien berjenis kelamin perempuan sebesar 71,7%, dan komorbid terbanyak adalah diabetes melitus yaitu sebesar 7,5%. Penentuan rasionalitas penggunaan Favipiravir dinilai berdasarkan pada literatur Informatorium Obat COVID-19 di Indonesia Edisi 4 dengan hasil tepat pasien (100,0%), tepat diagnosis (100,0%), tepat obat (100,0%), tepat dosis (83,0%), tepat interval waktu pemberian (100,0%), tepat lama pemberian (100,0%), dan telah waspada efek samping obat. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan Favipiravir pada pasien COVID-19 di Rumah Sakit Dirgahayu Samarinda tahun 2022 telah rasional berdasarkan data rekam medis dan kriteria tepat pasien, tepat diagnosis, tepat obat, tepat dosis, tepat interval waktu pemberian, tepat lama pemberian dan waspada efek samping obat (6T1W).
Multipolarity in Development Banking: The Asian Infrastructure & Investment Bank (AIIB) and Asian Development Bank (ADB)
Authors: Widjanarko Yeremia Nicolaus
Published: December 2024

This research analyzed multipolarity in development financing, focusing on the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) and the Asian Development Bank (ADB). These two banks represent a shift in global economic power from the West to the Far East, particularly with the rising role of China. Using the Neorealism theoretical framework, the research examined the political-economic differences, leadership structures, and financing patterns of AIIB and ADB. The data showed that AIIB and ADB significantly differ in membership, objectives, initial capital, geographical coverage, environmental policies, and relationships with major economies such as China, Japan, and the United States. Their financing patterns across various Asian economies, such as India and Bangladesh, reflect a more balanced power distribution and the resilience of the international system. Additionally, the flexible approach of AIIB contrasts with ADB’s stricter conditionality, highlighting differing strategies in development financing. The findings indicate that multipolarity in development financing enhances stability and order in the international system, consistent with Neorealism’s view on the importance of natural power competition. The presence of both institutions encourages innovation and adaptation, contributing to a more robust and diverse global financial architecture.
Développement d’une méthodologie de dosage du glutathion et glutathion oxydé dans les lies et les dérivés de levures
Authors: Winstel Delphine , Marchal Axel , Nioi Claudia
Published: December 2024

Les lies et les dérivés de levures sont employés en vinification pour améliorer et préserver les qualités organoleptiques des vins. Parmi les divers bienfaits de l’élevage sur lies sur la qualité des vins blancs, la protection vis-à-vis des phénomènes d’oxydation grâce au relargage du glutathion a été bien décrite. Des études plus récentes montrent aussi que les dérivés de levures riches en GSH ont une capacité à préserver les vins des phénomènes oxydatifs. Le dosage précis du GSH dans ces matrices levuriennes est donc nécessaire pour mieux maîtriser leur utilisation en vinification. Cet article propose une méthodologie optimisée d’extraction et d’analyse du glutathion dans sa forme réduite et oxydée dans ces deux matrices, lies et dérivés de levures.
Chemistry of tin bronzes and possible sources of tin in the Urals and Kazakhstan in the Late Bronze Age
Authors: Artemyev D.A. , Degtyareva A.D. , Kuzminykh S.V. , Orlovskaya L.B. , Alaeva I.P. , Vinogradov N.B.
Published: December 2024

The article discusses geochemical groups identified according to the results of the LA-ISP-MS analysis of tin bronzes of the Ural-Kazakhstan region of the Late Bronze Age. Based on the statistical analysis of 13 impurity ele-ments of 74 bronze and tin-containing copper products from the sites of the 2nd — early 1st mil BC in the Southern Trans-Urals and Northern Kazakhstan, seven chemically contrasting groups have been identified, which mark vari-ous types of tin sources. A significant part of the metal reflects the polymetallic nature of tin deposits, which are probably associated with the structures of Northern and Central Kazakhstan, where tin was mined together with cop-per ores. The second part of the sample — without a clear correlation of tin with other metals — reflects the cassiter-ite type of ores. It clearly shows the correlation As-Co-Ni±(Sb, Fe, Au), which is characteristic of the copper deposits of the Urals, indicating the alloying of the Ural copper ores with cassiterite master alloys. Data on tin metallogeny, ore chemistry, types of deposits, and known ancient mines of Northern, Central and Eastern Kazakhstan, which could have been sources of raw materials in the metallurgy of the Late Bronze Age, are presented. The main tin-bearing structures of Kazakhstan are the Kokshetau block in the north, the Kalba-Narym zone in the east, and the Ulytau, Bulattau, Atasu, and Sarysu-Teniz structures in Central Kazakhstan. Greisen, quartz-vein and pegmatite types of primary tin deposits, accompanied by placers, are known here. The ores at the deposits are represented both by pure cassiterite (in association with quartz, wolframite, tourmaline, etc.) and by association with sulphides (chalcopy-rite, pyrite, arsenopyrite, galena, bismuthine, etc.) and copper oxide-carbonate ores.
Genesis and functions of the Late Bronze Age ash heaps in the Southern Trans-Urals in the context of new interdisciplinary research
Authors: Kupriyanova E.V. , Solomonova M.Yu. , Trubitsyna E.D. , Kashirskaya N.N. , Kashevskaya A.O. , Afonin A.S. , Filimonova M.O. , Ryabogina N.E.
Published: December 2024

In this article, we discuss the results of the study of ash heaps typical for the steppe belt of the Urals, Ka-zakhstan and Siberia. These are specific objects adjacent to settlements of the Middle and Late Bronze Age, their cultural layer contains archaeological finds and consists of loose soil similar in appearance to ash. However, de-bates about their nature and purpose use mainly archaeological arguments and very rarely involve interdiscipli-nary data. The study is focused on two ash heaps at the Bronze Age settlements in the Southern Trans-Urals — Streletskoye-1 and Chernorechye 2 (Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia). Both are located on the bank cliff, between the dwelling pits and the river; the time of their existence mainly belongs to the Alakul archaeological culture (18th–16th centuries BC). The stratigraphy and granulometric composition of soil samples, composition of ar-chaeobotanical remains, palynological, microbiomorphic, and soil-microbiological analyses, and assessment of biomarkers content have been carried out. It has been concluded that, according to a number of characteristics, ash heaps have a non-uniform nature of formation and differ both between themselves and in comparison with the previously studied ash heap at the fortified settlement of Stepnoye. The lower part of the ash heap of Streletskoye-1 is the soil accumulated during digging of semi-dwellings. The main volume of ash heaps layers was the result of plant biomass decomposition, but there are also markers of animal origin — keratin, cholesterol. No signs of ma-nure were found in the samples. The use of ash and combustion products has not been confirmed at these newly examined sites, as well as at the ash heap of Stepnoye. Both ash heaps were formed in more hydromorphic con-ditions than the Stepnoye. Taking into account the archaeological context of the ash heaps, it has been sug-gested that in ancient times these structures near settlements were mainly used to store hay for livestock, and occasionally as a place for butchering animal carcasses and processing bones for bone-carving. The wintering of livestock, some of which were kept in settlements, created the need for fodder to keep the animals alive. Despite many supplementary functions of ash heaps, which were used as working or dumping areas, this is perhaps the first time in the archaeological record that evidence has been found for haymaking and hay storage in the vicinity of pastoral settlements. Interdisciplinary research on the properties of ash heaps is a relatively new field, but it has already yielded interesting results that allow reasoned assumptions to be made about the construction and function of these sites.
“Spot” archaeological studies in the research on history of city (based on materials of excavations in Tyumen in 2006)
Authors: Tkacheva N.A. , Semenova V.I. , Tkachev A.A.
Published: December 2024

In historical cities, the cultural layer takes an important place in providing research in humanities with new sources of a wide spectrum. The purpose of this article is to introduce the results of excavations in 2006 during the construction of a shopping and entertainment mall on Lenin Street with an area of 58 m2, located on the slope of a ravine near the building of the museum of local lore, that is, on the periphery of the borders of historical Tyumen. Large area of the excavation was crosscut by late housing development, which casted doubts on the pos-sibility of discovery of undisturbed objects at the site. As a result of carried out research, the remains of four buildings located along the edge of the ravine were examined. Within the layer, tools informative on activities of inhabitants of the buildings were discovered. Pottery and clothing finds from intact layers date back to the 17th century. Despite the small area of the examined cultural layer, valuable information has been obtained about the beginning of living of citizens, their adaptation to new conditions and remarkable survival. Residents of the city used, for economic pur-poses, objects made of bone, birch bark, broken glass, fragments of which show traces of secondary use as a strickle, scraper, and polisher. Also found were objects documenting their cultural contacts with the local population (arrowhead, bead). The effectiveness of the study shows that the practice of analysis of the cultural layer is neces-sary for all construction works in the historical areas of the city. In Tyumen, the system of “spot” excavations is the only way to avoid losing valuable sources related to the research of the early history of the city.
The evolution of the Daffodil DNA Project: from a single classroom project to high quality citizen science across the country
Authors:   University of Dundee, Hale Jon
Published: December 2024

The Daffodil DNA Project is an innovative educational initiative aimed at investigating the impact of sustained authentic project work on post-16 biology education. The project focuses on engaging students in collaborative inquiry and developing their understanding of biology concepts through the study of daffodil chloroplast genomics. This article provides an overview of the project’s background, methods, and initial outcomes. Preliminary outcomes of the project have demonstrated its scientific impact, resulting in the generation of 9 new draft daffodil chloroplast genomes from this citizen science project. Furthermore, participating schools showcased their findings at the Royal Society Summer Science Exhibition, enhancing public engagement with the project. Initial feedback from students indicates the transformative nature of the project, with one student describing the experience as “life changing.” The success of the Daffodil DNA Project can be attributed to effective collaboration between the University of Dundee, the James Hutton Institute, schools, and STEM partners. Regular communication and knowledge sharing among participants have contributed to the project’s achievements and the development of a shared identity as scientists. Overall, the Daffodil DNA Project presents a promising model for inquiry-based learning in biology education, emphasising the importance of authentic scientific investigation and collaboration. Future research will delve into the educational benefits of this approach and its potential applicability in diverse classroom settings.
Income loss and fertility intentions during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil
Authors: Junqueira Marteleto Letícia , Dondero Molly , Fernandes Sereno Luiz Gustavo , Zanatta Coutinho Raquel
Published: December 2024

The study aims to examine how pandemic-induced income loss shaped fertility intentions at the pandemic’s onset, examining differences in this association between mothers and non-mothers, and whether effects are similar for intentions to postpone versus forgo childbearing. The research employs a mixed-method approach, combining population-level probabilistic survey data from 1,524 fecund partnered women aged 18-34 with qualitative insights gathered from 56 semi-structured interviews with women aged 18-39 in Pernambuco, Brazil. Multinomial regression models were utilized to distinguish between intentions to postpone, forgo, and get pregnant within six months, exploring associations with pandemic-induced income loss prior to the interview, motherhood status, and parity. We find that most women intended to avoid pregnancy at the onset of the pandemic, with key differences between intentions to postpone versus forgo between mothers versus non-mothers. Further, pandemic-induced income loss and motherhood/parity interacted to define fertility intentions. Whereas income loss did not affect non-mothers, mothers had different intentions depending on income loss, with those experiencing it more likely to postpone or forgo a pregnancy, and mothers of two or more children more likely to forgo a pregnancy altogether. Qualitative analysis corroborated these patterns and provided further nuanced sensitivity of fertility intentions to pandemic-induced income shocks.
Decadal architecture and morphodynamics of modern, river-fed turbidite systems: Bute Inlet and Congo Fan
Authors: Lobato Gustavo , Postma George , Lintern D. Gwyn , Jacinto Ricardo S. , Cartigny Matthieu J.B.
Published: December 2024

Modern active turbidite systems transport and store more sediments than any other sedimentary system. However, the depositional architecture which links these stored sediments to this short-term morphodynamics is not well understood due to the limited available monitoring data. Time-lapse bathymetric surveys were analyzed over a period of 20 years for two river-fed turbidite systems: eleven surveys for Bute Inlet (West Canada) and five for the Congo Fan (West Africa). Time-lapse maps show the evolution of erosion and deposition zones, which are related to the upslope migration of erosional and depositional features including knickpoints. Erosion–deposition zones (EDZs) occur as large, several-km-size steps with increasing length towards the lower channel. These intra-system deposition zones form large turbidite bodies described as macroforms, which onlap the adjacent, upslope erosion zone. The erosion and deposition zones are covered with mesoscale (meters scale high and tens to hundreds of meters long), crescentic and wavy bedforms extending down to the lobe. From the time-lapse maps, it is inferred that both macroscale and mesoscale bedforms are formed synchronously by ordinary seasonal events occurring once or a few times a year. Extreme seasonal events, occurring once in a decade, produce longer-wavelength EDZs. Four different, decadal architectural styles of turbidite macroforms are described from map views and cross sections. These reflect a continuum from confined-flow to unconfined-flow-related deposition. Calculated internal sediment budgets over EDZs indicate that about 50% of the sediment is stored in the transfer-zone macroforms, while only the remaining 50% reaches the terminal deposition zone over the two-decade monitoring period. About 40% of the total sediment erosion occurs distally in the lower channel and plays an important role in delivering sediments which build the terminal turbidite deposition zone. The short-term morphodynamics of EDZs represent an autogenic sand detachment mechanism in both the transfer zone and terminal deposition zone, which potentially create isolated depositional units meters to tens of meters thick and some kilometers in length in ancient turbidite systems.
Age-related Differences in Bimanual Isometric Force Tracking
Authors: Galofaro Elisa , Valè Nicola , Ballardini Giulia , Smania Nicola , Casadio Maura
Published: December 2024

Bimanual force coordination is essential for various daily interactions with objects. Although the age- related decline in sensory perception and motor function has been extensively studied, the effects of aging on the bilateral control of isometric forces remain less explored. This study aims to comprehensively describe the bimanual force control strategies employed by unimpaired young and older adults during an isometric force tracking task. Partic- ipants were instructed to apply equal isometric force with both hands simultaneously by pushing against two decou- pled plates, simulating the lateral faces of a box on a table. The total force had to match a profile that included both time-varying and constant phases, targeting three distinct force levels. Visual feedback of the total force was provided throughout the task. Thirty-one volunteers participated in the study: 15 younger adults of age 25±1 (mean±std) years and 16 older participants of age 77±7 (mean±std) years. Differences between the two age groups were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA, with group as a between- subjects factor. Results indicated that older adults exhib- ited lower accuracy and greater variability in force exertion compared to the younger participants, with these differ- ences being more pronounced for the time-varying force profile. Additionally, the older group demonstrated reduced between-hands force correlations and reduced bilateral symmetry. Notably, the percentage of total force exerted by the left hand was negatively correlated with the disparity between the left and right coefficients of variation. This study enhances our understanding of the impact of aging on sensorimotor control in bimanual isometric force tasks, utilizing a cost-effective sensorized device.
WITHDRAWN: Near-full-length genomic sequences of two novel HIV-1 recombinant forms identified in Hebei Province, China
Authors: Zhang Zhen , Zhao Feng , Chen Sisi , Shi Haoxi , Shi Penghui , Fan Weiguang
Published: December 2024

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn, as it was submitted in error. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
Reconciling tracked atmospheric water flows to close the global freshwater cycle
Authors: De Petrillo Elena , Fahrländer Simon , Tuninetti Marta , Andersen Lauren , Monaco Luca , Ridolfi Luca , Laio Francesco
Published: December 2024

Atmospheric moisture plays a vital role in the hydrological cycle, connecting evaporation sources to precipitationsinks. While high-resolution moisture-tracking models offer valuable insight, discrepancies to atmospheric re-analysis dataemerge. In this study, we reconcile tracked atmospheric water flows with reanalysis data, using the Iterative ProportionalFitting procedure (IPF). We apply IPF to the atmospheric moisture flows from the UTrack dataset (averaged over 2008-2017),aggregated within countries and ocean boundaries. This reconciled dataset ensures that the total tracked atmospheric moisture5equals the total precipitation at the sink and evaporation at the source on an annual basis. Country-scale discrepancies of upto 275% in precipitation and 225% in evaporation are amended, correcting fluxes by∼0.07%, on average. We find 45% ofthe total terrestrial precipitation (∼1.5·105km3yr−1) originates from land evaporation (9.8·104km3yr−1). Our reconciledcountry-scale dataset offers new ground to investigate transboundary atmospheric water flows which connect us globally.
Psilocin fosters neuroplasticity in iPSC-derived human cortical neurons
Authors: Schmidt Malin , Hoffrichter Anne , Davoudi Mahnaz , Horschitz Sandra , Lau Thorsten , Meinhardt Marcus , Spanagel Rainer , Ladewig Julia , Köhr Georg , Koch Philipp
Published: December 2024

Psilocybin is studied as innovative medication in anxiety, substance abuse and treatment-resistant depression. Animal studies show that psychedelics promote neuronal plasticity by strengthening synaptic responses and protein synthesis. However, the exact molecular and cellular changes induced by psilocybin in the human brain are not known. Here, we treated human cortical neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem cells with the 5-HT2A receptor agonist psilocin - the psychoactive metabolite of psilocybin. We analyzed how exposure to psilocin affects 5-HT2A receptor localization, gene expression, neuronal morphology, synaptic markers and neuronal function. Upon exposure of human neurons to psilocin, we observed a decrease of cell surface-located 5-HT2A receptors first in the axonal- followed by the somatodendritic-compartment. Psilocin further provoked a 5-HT2A-R-mediated augmentation of BDNF abundance. Transcriptomic profiling identified gene expression signatures priming neurons to neuroplasticity. On a morphological level, psilocin induced enhanced neuronal complexity and increased expression of synaptic proteins, in particular in the postsynaptic-compartment. Consistently, we observed an increased excitability and enhanced synaptic network activity in neurons treated with psilocin. In conclusion, exposure of human neurons to psilocin might induces a state of enhanced neuronal plasticity which could explain why psilocin is beneficial in the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders where synaptic dysfunctions are discussed.
Genome-wide analysis of DnaJA proteins in Nicotiana tabacum reveals that NtDnaJA3 responses to drought stress
Authors: Wang Qiao , Meng Lijun , Qu Zechao , Su Huan , Tao Jiemeng , Lu Peng , Zhang Jianfeng , Cao Peijian , Jin Jingjing
Published: December 2024

Background
DnaJA proteins, a prominent subfamily of the DnaJ family, function as molecular chaperones that respond to various external stresses. Extensive studies on the DnaJ family have been conducted in plants. However, research on this subfamily in tobacco remains relatively scarce.
Results
In this study, we identified 24 DnaJA genes in tobacco, and classified them into three individual groups. A comprehensive analysis based on gene structure, motif composition, and evolutionary pattern revealed the divergence of tobacco DnaJA genes. For the evolution of the NtDnaJA genes, purification selection was the major factor. In addition, the potential regulatory network unveiled that NtDnaJAs could be regulated by miRNAs and various transcription factors associated with diverse stress responses. Through expression pattern analysis and qRT-PCR experiments, it was observed that many NtDnaJAs displayed tissue-specific expression and might play significant roles in different biotic and abiotic stresses. Additionally, the pivotal role of NtDnaJA3 in boosting plant drought resistance was confirmed.
Conclusions
This study provides important perspectives on the evolution of NtDnaJA genes and their involvement in stress responses, laying the groundwork for future research into the roles of DnaJA regulatory genes in tobacco.
Graphical Abstract
Influence of AI Behavior on Human Moral decisions, Agency, and Responsibility
Authors: SALATINO Adriana , Prével Arthur , Caspar Emilie , Bue Salvatore Lo
Published: December 2024

There is a growing interest in understanding the effects of human-machine interaction on moral decision-making (Moral-DM) and sense of agency (SoA). Here, we investigated whether the “moral behavior” of an AI may affect both moral-DM and SoA in a military population, by using a task in which cadets played the role of drone operators on a battlefield. Participants had to decide whether or not to initiate an attack based on the presence of enemies and the risk of collateral damage. By combining three different types of trials (Moral vs. two No-Morals) in three blocks with three type of intelligent system support (No-AI support vs. Aggressive-AI vs. Conservative-AI), we showed that participants' decisions in the morally challenging situations were influenced by the inputs provided by the autonomous system. Furthermore, by measuring implicit and explicit agency, we found a significant increase in the SoA at the implicit level in the morally challenging situations, and a decrease in the explicit responsibility during the interaction with both AIs. These results suggest that the AI behavior influences human moral decision-making and alters the sense of agency and responsibility in ethical scenarios. These findings have implications for the design of AI-assisted decision-making processes in moral contexts.
Proactive Fault-Recovery on Distributed Software-Defined Network Controllers
Authors: Delfino Wilker O. , Quincozes Silvio E. , Vieira Juan L. , Passos Diego , Muchaluat-Saade Débora , Albuquerque Célio , Mossé Daniel
Published: December 2024

Distributing the control plane on Software-Defined Networks (SDN) is a promising approach for improving network robustness. Using this approach, the control plane becomes physically distributed but logically centralized. This distributed SDN controller architecture reduces the controller's overload and enables a quick response time between controllers and switches. Besides, in case of network or controller failure, it decreases the time needed for fault recovery. In this work, we propose an approach to reduce the average recovery time on faulty scenarios based on the proactive processing and response of SDN switch requests by multiple controllers, relying on OpenFlow's Equal role. We also develop a proof-of-concept implementation in real and emulated switches to show the analysis of the recovery time from failures. Our results reveal that the proactive approach can reduce the average recovery time for controller failures by three orders of magnitude --- down to 10 milliseconds in the evaluated scenarios.
Hyperbolic Graph Convolutional NetworkRelation Extraction Model CombiningDependency Syntax and Contrastive Learning
Authors: Li Jinzhe
Published: December 2024

In current relation extraction tasks, when the input sentence structure is complex,the performance of in-context learning methods based on large language modelis still lower than that of traditional pre-train fine-tune models. For complex sen-tence structures, dependency syntax information can provide effective prior textstructure information for relation extraction. However, most studies are affectedby the noise in the syntactic information automatically extracted by natural lan-guage processing toolkits. Additionally, traditional pre-training encoders haveissues such as an overly centralized representation of word embedding for high-frequency words, which adversely affects the model to learn contextual semanticinformation. To address proposed problem, the paper proposes a HyperbolicGraph Convolutional Network Relation Extraction Model Combine DependencySyntax and Contrastive Learning. Based on the hyperbolic graph neural net-work, dependent syntactic information and information optimization strategiesare introduced to solve the problem of word embedding concentration. Simulta-neously, to mitigate the impact of noise in dependency syntax information onthe relation extraction task, a contrastive learning approach is employed. Afterthe model learns context semantics separately in the original dependency syn-tax information and dependency syntax information with added random noise,it maximizes the mutual information between entity words to assist the modelin distinguishing noise in dependency syntax. The experiments indicate that theproposed model in this paper can effectively enhance the performance of relationextraction on public datasets, especially achieving significantly higher precisionon datasets with complex sentence structures compared to in-context learning.
Nesfatin-1 Exerts a Neuroprotective Effect in Thioacetamide-Induced Acute Hepatic Encephalopathy by Activating the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 Pathway
Authors: Faheem Heba , Alawadhi Rana , Khattab Haidy , Ellatif Rasha A. Abd , Abdel-Kareem Mona A. , El-Azeem Alaa H. Abd , Elkordy Alaa , Nasef Nahla Anas , Dawood Lamees Mohamed , Tabaa Maram Mohammed El , Tabaa Manar Mohammed El , Rizk Fatma H.
Published: December 2024

Nesfatin-1 possesses antioxidative and antiapoptotic properties. It can protect against subarachnoid hemorrhage and brain-induced injury by reducing the activation of the pro-apoptotic protein caspase-3 and the levels of oxidative brain injury indicators. We aimed to investigate the protective effect of nesfatin-1 on the acute hepatic encephalopathy (HE) model in rats. The rats were assigned to five groups in the following manner: The Control Group received only saline. The Nesfatin-1 Control Group received both nesfatin-1 and saline. The HE Group received the vehicle and thioacetamide to induce HE. The HE + Nesfatin-1 Group received both nesfatin-1 and thioacetamide. The HE + Nesfatin-1 + heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) Inhibitor Group received nesfatin-1, thioacetamide, and the HO-1 inhibitor ZnppIX. Psychomotor activity in rats was assessed. The levels of HO-1 and fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were quantitatively measured. In addition, histological examinations were conducted. Nesfatin-1 resulted in a significant improvement in psychomotor activity, a decline in brain edema, and a decrease in inflammatory and oxidative stress markers. Furthermore, it led to the activation of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/ protein kinase B/nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 pathways, upregulated HO-1 and GFAP expressions, and improved HE-induced structural damage in the liver and brain. Furthermore, there was a decrease in caspase-3 expression in the liver and brain, as well as a decline in nuclear factor-κB/p65 expression in brain tissue. In summary, nesfatin-1 is considered a promising drug that can be used as a neuroprotective in HE due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and antiapoptotic effects.
SigmaR1 is a lipid-binding component of the translocon complex that regulates lipid droplet homeostasis
Authors: Ji Weike , hu xuewen , zhou Tiantian , Xiong Juan
Published: December 2024

Sigma Non-Opioid Intracellular Receptor 1 (SigmaR1) is a member of the sigma family of receptors that interacts with a variety of psychotomimetic drugs and has been involved in a wide range of cellular and physiological functions. Despite its increasing importance in human physiology and disease, the subcellular localization of SigmaR1 and its molecular function remain poorly defined. Using endogenous tagging and cell fractionation, we show that SigmaR1 is a type II integral ER membrane protein that is specifically enriched at ER sheet. A short region at the N-terminus of SigmaR1 is sufficient and required for its ER-sheet localization. Importantly, our biochemical studies demonstrate that SigmaR1 directly interacts with several key components of the transposon complex including TRAPα and Nicalin via the N-terminal region. Interestingly, we found that the β-barrel structure at the C-terminal of SigmaR1 binds to phosphatidylcholine. SigmaR1 knockout systematically impaired cellular protein and lipid homeostasis, resulting in an accumulation of lipid droplets in hepatocytes. Collectively, we propose that SigmaR1 is a lipid-binding component of the translocon complex, which may contribute to the broad and vital roles of SigmaR1 in physiology and disease.
Synchronous Unilateral Breast Cancer with HER2-Positive and TNBC Subtypes: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges. A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Mokhtar Jonathan , Almarzooqi Shaikha , Alhammadi Fatima , Akashi Marwa , Grassi Veronica , Rafii Saeed
Published: December 2024

Synchronous unilateral breast cancer presenting with different receptor subtypes are rare occurrences, with limited reports in the medical literature. Such cases pose unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. We present a case of a young patient initially diagnosed with a biopsy proven HER2-positive invasive ductal carcinoma, who was subsequently, upon further imaging, diagnosed with a second invasive ductal carcinoma with triple negative breast cancer in the same breast. This case underscores the significance of meticulous evaluation of the whole breast in the context of an existing carcinoma. Additionally, we emphasize the pivotal role of multidisciplinary teams, and review the current literature related to biology and treatment of such patients.