bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
QUYỀN CỦA NGƯỜI THỨ BA TRONG HỢP ĐỒNG VÌ LỢI ÍCH CỦA NGƯỜI THỨ BA
Authors: Đặng Thái Bình
Published: September 2024

A contract for the benefit of third parties is a type of contract characterized by the existence of a third person who benefits and is not considered a party to the contract. Today, civil law recognizes a number of rights for third parties, which will ensure that third parties can receive benefits from the parties’ contract. However, current regulations on this issue remain unclear, leading to difficulties in applying and resolving related disputes. The article focuses on analyzing aspects of the rights of third parties in this type of contract, thereby highlighting some unclear points in current legal provisions and making recommendations to improve the law.
BẢO HỘ NHÃN HIỆU ÂM THANH TẠI VIỆT NAM: THỰC TRẠNG VÀ GIẢI PHÁP HOÀN THIỆN QUY ĐỊNH PHÁP LUẬT
Authors: Phùng Thị Yến  , Vũ Minh Hiếu  , Phạm Hải Quyên , Nguyễn Kiều Như
Published: September 2024

As a member of the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP), Vietnam has recognized and allowed the registration of sound trademark protection since 2022. However, the current regulations on audio trademarks are not yet detailed. This article aims to research current legal regulations on sound trademarks in Vietnam and evaluate their practical applicability based on comparison with regulations in Australia and the European Union (EU), thereby providing possible solutions to improve legal regulations and relevant guidance methods on sound trademark protection in Vietnam.
QUY ĐỊNH TỰ DO HÓA DỊCH VỤ PHỤ TRỢ VẬN TẢI HÀNG KHÔNG CỦA HIỆP ĐỊNH THƯƠNG MẠI DỊCH VỤ ASEAN:NHỮNG VẤN ĐỀ ĐẶT RA ĐỐI VỚI VIỆT NAM
Authors: Nguyễn Đức Anh
Published: September 2024

The article analyzes ASEAN Trade in Services Agreement (ATISA) commitments on air transport ancillary services and finds that these commitments in ATISA are presented at a “deeper” and “wider” level compared to commitments of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and trade agreements of which Vietnam is a member. Additionally, based on these analyses and evaluations, the article raises issues relevant to Vietnam to leverage opportunities presented by ATISA.
CHỦ THỂ ĐƯỢC XIN LỖI, CẢI CHÍNH CÔNG KHAI VÀ CHỦ THỂ CHỊU TRÁCH NHIỆM XIN LỖI, CẢI CHÍNH CÔNG KHAI THEO PHÁP LUẬT DÂN SỰ
Authors: Hoàng Hải Nguyễn Tấn , Ngự Chiêu Nguyễn Thái
Published: September 2024

The subject to and the subject responsible for public apology and rectification are the two main subjects directly involved in the civil legal relationship on public apology. However, the individual directly infringing upon another’s honor, dignity, and reputation may not always be the one legally obliged to make the apology or public correction. Thus, a thorough understanding of the nature and legal responsibilities of each subject is crucial for practical application.
BỒI THƯỜNG THIỆT HẠI KHI LY HÔN TRONG PHÁP LUẬT CỘNG HÒA NHÂN DÂN TRUNG HOA VÀ GỢI MỞ CHO VIỆC HOÀN THIỆN PHÁP LUẬT HÔN NHÂN VÀ GIA ĐÌNH VIỆT NAM
Authors: Châu Lê Vĩnh , Tùng Ngô Khánh
Published: September 2024

The authors focus on analysing and evaluating the regulations on compensation for damages upon divorce regulated in the 2020 Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China. Based on a comparison with relevant regulations in law as well as legal practice in Vietnam today, the authors make some recommendations to improve Vietnamese marriage and family law by learning from the experience related to the law of the People’s Republic of China to protect more effectively the rights of one spouse who suffers damage arising from divorce due to the fault of the other spouse.
THỰC TRẠNG PHÁP LUẬT VỀ GIẢI QUYẾT TRANH CHẤP ĐẤT ĐAI VÀ GIẢI PHÁP HOÀN THIỆN
Authors: Thái Lưu Quốc
Published: September 2024

Land disputes are a common phenomenon occurring in social life. In particular, since land use rights are considered goods, land disputes are becoming increasingly complicated. In the process of implementing the plan to change the Land Law, the Draft Land Law (amended) has a number of new contents related to land dispute resolution that are worth noting. However, according to the new Land Law 2024 just passed by the National Assembly on January 18, 2024 (effective from January 1, 2025), this issue has almost nothing new compared to the provisions of the current Land Law 2013. Therefore, this article will analyze and evaluate current legal provisions related to land disputes, such as: concepts of land disputes, authority, procedures for resolving land disputes, guidelines for resolving land disputes, in order to contribute to perfecting the law on resolving land disputes in the coming time.
MỘT SỐ VẤN ĐỀ PHÁP LÝ TRONG VIỆC XÂY DỰNG PHÁP LUẬT VỀ CHỨNG CHỈ LƯU KÝ KHÔNG CÓ QUYỀN BIỂU QUYẾT TẠI VIỆT NAM
Authors: Thành Dương Phan Thị , Thúy Nguyễn Thị
Published: September 2024

The legal framework governing non-voting depository receipts (NVDRs) in Vietnam is currently still basic and requires amendments for successful issuance and trading in the Vietnamese stock market. This article aims to analyze key aspects to propose recommendations for enacting comprehensive legislation regarding NVDRs. Its scope for research covers: (i) identification NVDRs, their legal characteristics, and their role in the Vietnamese context; (ii) examining the relationships between parties involved in NVDR transactions and the connection between NVDRs and other types of securities; (iii) identifying essential considerations for establishing NVDR-related regulations in Vietnam.
Intermittent vs Continuous Graded Exercise Test for VO2max in College Soccer Athletes
Authors: Mier Constance , Alexander Ryan
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine if a 1-min active recovery between stages during a graded exercise test (GXT) would result in a higher stage intensity and maximum oxygen uptake in college soccer athletes. Eleven athletes completed two GXT protocols on separate days. Each GXT consisted of 2-min stages performed at a constant running speed and incremental increases of 2.5% grade. One GXT was performed continuously and the other was intermittent with 1-min active recovery between each stage. Tests were performed to volitional fatigue. Following the each GXT and a 10-min active recovery period, participants performed a verification stage at an intensity greater than the final stage of the GXT. All participants completed a higher intensity stage during the intermittent vs continuous GXT. As a result, VO2max and maximum heart rate (HR) were significantly higher (VO2: 57.7 ± 5.8 vs. 55.5 ± 5.7 ml•kg-1•min-1, HR: 190 ± 6 vs. 187 ± 6 bpm, p < 0.02) during the intermittent GXT. Maximum ventilation and respiratory exchange ratio did not differ between intermittent and continuous protocols. Following the intermittent GXT, nine participants completed the verification stage and obtained VO2 values within the plateau criterion. We conclude that a continuous GXT underestimates VO2max in some athletes and that the intermittent protocol may provide a more accurate measure of VO2max.
Assessing the Impact of Experiential Learning in Promoting Environmental Education and Sustainable Practices
Authors:   The English and Foreign Languages University, Mahapatra Suparna , Vijayalatha Dr. Repudi ,   The English and Foreign Languages University
Published: September 2024

This study investigates the effectiveness of experiential teaching and learning methods in enhancing environmental education among 2nd-grade students in Hyderabad, India. Utilizing a mixedmethods approach, this quasi-experimental study involved 30 students from two schools managed by different organizations. The intervention group engaged in experiential learning activities designed to improve their understanding of environmental issues and promote sustainable practices. Pre-test and post-test assessments, along with qualitative data from interviews, focus group discussions, and observations, were used. Quantitative analysis revealed significant improvements in post-test scores among students exposed to experiential learning compared to those following traditional methods. The mean pretest score of 9.97 increased to 16.80 in the post-test, indicating a notable enhancement in environmental knowledge. Qualitative data supported these findings, showing increased student engagement and critical thinking regarding environmental issues. The study demonstrates that experiential learning effectively fosters environmental awareness and sustainable practices among young students. The positive correlation between experiential learning interventions and improved educational outcomes highlights the potential for incorporating these methods into broader educational curricula to address environmental challenges comprehensively.
Pemanfaatan Warung Kopi Dalam Meningkatkan Literasi Digital Di Desa Klambir Hamparan Perak
Authors: Suhariyanti  , Sabrina Aulia Rahmah  , Andi Maysarah  , Dewi Wahyuni
Published: September 2024

Literasi digital telah menjadi salah satu keterampilan esensial yang mencakup kemampuan menggunakan perangkat teknologi, mengakses informasi, serta memahami dan menggunakan informasi tersebut secara efektif. Literasi digital mencakup berbagai kompetensi yang dikenal sebagai literasi komputer, literasi informasi, dan literasi media. Sarana informasi di perdesaan biasanya dengan mudah diperoleh dengan adanya pertemuan atau perkumpulan sejumlah warga setempat, misalnya warung kopi telah lama dikenal sebagai pusat sosial banyak komunitas termasuk di Desa Klambir. Warung kopi yang diberi nama Warkop Bang si X sering digunakan sebagai ruang untuk berdiskusi, bertukar informasi, dan membangun jejaring sosial. Permasalahan yang dihadapi mitra di Desa Klambir Kecamatan Hamparan Perak, masih terdapat kesenjangan dalam literasi digital, terutama di kalangan masyarakat dengan latar belakang usia yang kurang mendukung, rasa ingin tahunya berkurang, sehingga kemampuan untuk mengakses, memahami, dan memanfaatkan informasi digital dikesampingkan yang sebenarnya dapat menjadi prasyarat dalam berpartisipasi yang efektif di berbagai aspek kehidupan, mulai dari pendidikan hingga ekonomi. Solusi dari permasalahan mitra ialah TIM pengabdi melakukan penyuluhan dengan memanfaatkan warung kopi sebagai peningkatan minat warga dalam menggunakan literasi digital. PKM ini menggunakan metode sosialisasi dan pelatihan menggunakan perangkat digital (Gawai). Metode ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pengetahuan tentang pengertian, penggunaan dampak positif dan negatif dalam pemahaman literasi digital dan akibat dari pemanfaat literasi digital yang salah.
Pemanfaatan Aplikasi CorelDRAW Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Pada Siswa Jurusan Manajemen Mengenai Advertising Desain
Authors: Dedi Leman  , Cindy Paramitha Lubis  , Hari Ramadhan  , Muhamad Rizky Fajar Utomo
Published: September 2024

The Corel Draw application as a learning medium aims to support students' creative spirit. The use of CorelDRAW is able to support student creativity by acting as a means for expressing creative ideas, as well as arousing curiosity so that students' creativity continues to develop while carrying out independent learning activities. Good for management students who use the CorelDRAW application as advertising design media (advertising promotion design). The Corel Draw application can be used as an indispensable medium for every student, both independently and for college assignments. The method used is a literature study by reviewing 11 journals and 2 theses that are most relevant to the research topic. CorelDRAW was chosen because it has tools for creating vector objects, drawing illustrations, manipulating bitmap images, giving effects, and creating and creating text. With these capabilities, CorelDRAW is considered a suitable medium for students to use to support creativity in their independent learning activities. The research results show that the use of CorelDRAW can increase student creativity. This is proven by the benefits students get after mastering the CorelDRAW application
Penerapan Clustering dalam Data Science Untuk Mengembangkan Keterampilan Analitik di SMK Media Informatika
Authors: Eliyani  , Muhammad Rifqi  , Saruni Dwiasnati
Published: September 2024

Pasar kerja saat ini dan masa depan memerlukan tenaga kerja yang terampil dalam data science, termasuk teknik analitik seperti clustering. Dengan berkembangnya Industri 4.0, keterampilan dalam analisis data menjadi semakin penting, dan pendidikan harus menyesuaikan diri untuk memenuhi kebutuhan ini. Meningkatkan literasi data di kalangan siswa SMK sangat penting untuk mempersiapkan mereka menghadapi dunia yang semakin didominasi oleh data. Keterampilan analitik membantu siswa dalam memecahkan masalah kompleks dan membuat keputusan berdasarkan data. Keterampilan dalam data science mendorong inovasi dan kreativitas di berbagai bidang.Keterlibatan siswa agar dapat menggunakan alat dan keterampilan untuk menganalisis dan memahami dunia di sekitar mereka melalui data. Clustering adalah sebuah teknik dalam data science dan statistik yang digunakan untuk mengelompokkan objek-objek atau data point yang memiliki karakteristik serupa ke dalam kelompok atau cluster. Tujuan: Untuk membekali siswa dengan keterampilan untuk menganalisis dan menginterpretasikan data secara efektif menggunakan teknik clustering dan memberikan dasar yang kuat bagi siswa yang berminat melanjutkan studi di bidang data science atau teknologi informasi.
Tindak Tutur Direktif Guru Dalam Pembelajaran Madrasah Diniyah di TPQ Asy Syukur Dusun Bunut Kidul Pakis Malang
Authors: Muhammad Azhar Fatoni  , Muhammad Bisyrul  , Lorena Rizki Fatimah  , Rudad Ilaina Rohmah
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini mengkaji dan bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bentuk tindak tutur direktif guru dalam dalam pembelajaran madrasah diniyah. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan pragmatik yaitu teori tindak tutur direktif prespektif  Yule. Data penelitian ini berupa tuturan guru madrasah diniyah TPQ Asy Syukur Dusun Bunut Kidul Pakis Malang yang mengandung makna direktif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik observasi dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data meliputi reduksi data (data reduction), penyajian data (data display) serta penarikan kesimpulan dan verifikasi (conclusion drawing/ verification). Berdasarkan hasil analisis data disimpulkan sebagai berikut, pertama kategori tindak tutur direktif guru dalam pembelajaran madrasah diniyah di TPQ Asy Syukur Dusun Bunut Kidul Pakis Malang meliputi tindak tutur direktif meminta, tindak tutur direktif  harapan, tindak tutur direktif perintah, tindak tutur direktif  persilakan, dan tindak tutur direktif bertanya.. Kedua hasil penelitian tersebut diharapkan dapat digunakan sebagai rujukan dalam memilih dan mengunakan tindak tutur direktif dalam pembelajaran madrasah diniyah. Dengan demikian, komunikasi antara guru dan siswa lebih interaktif dan bermakna.
Penerapan Metode Interpolasi Linear dan Geometric Mean Filter Pada Citra Resolusi Rendah Hasil Resampling
Authors: Alexander Ivan , Mufida Khairani  , Dharmawati
Published: September 2024

In addition to the color representation contained in a digital image, the size of the image will also greatly affect the image processing process. In some cases of image acquisition, sometimes the size of the image obtained does not correspond to the desired one. Pattern recognition processes, such as vehicle license plate recognition, may result in incorrect output if the size of the processed input image is not appropriate. Therefore, determining the size of a digital image is very important in further image processing. To solve such problems can be done by enlarging the size of the image through the process of interpolation or resampling. Image magnification is the process of enlarging the size of a digital image from its original size to a new and different size based on the desired magnification scale. However, as a result of enlarging the image obtained there is always a blur, so the image will look like a checkerboard (split). This situation occurs because during the magnification process the resolution of the new image becomes lower. Thus, additional methods are needed to improve the image quality of the resampling results. This study aims to improve the low-resolution image quality of resampling results by applying Linear Interpolation and Geometric Mean Filter methods. The test results showed that the Linear Interpolation method was able to produce a new image that was larger than the original image and the Geometric Mean Filter method could improve the image quality of the enlarged image so that the details of the information in the image are better and clearly seen visually. And to find out if the image enlarged from the Linear Interpolation and Geometric Mean Filter is good or not, we will use the Mean Squared Error (MSE) and Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) methods. 
 
Keywords : Image, Interpolasi Linear,Geometric Mean Filter, PSNR, MSE.
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pemilihan Guru Terbaik Berdasarkan Penilaian Kinerja Menggunakan Metode Profile Matching
Authors: Al Hafiz Fachry , Husni Lubis  , Fachrul Rozi Lubis
Published: September 2024

Teachers are the initial milestone in the creation of a nation with quality young generation, both in the academic and non-academic fields. To determine or choose the best teacher, a decision support system for selecting the best teacher is made to appreciate the work performance that has been done while being a teaching staff, and is expected to increase motivation so that teachers can improve their performance. For this reason, a decision support system is needed that can analyze several teachers according to the existing teacher selection profile. The Profile Matching process is carried out to determine teacher recommendations in the Best Teacher Selection System based on 3 variables, namely intellectual aspects, work attitude aspects and general aspects. The result of the selection process is in the form of a teacher's final score as a recommendation for decision makers to choose the right teacher in the selection of the best teacher.
Perancangan Sistem Infomasi Penjadwalan Kegiatan Pada KPU Berbasis Web
Authors: Pradika Ade Risky , Muhammad Dedi Irawan
Published: September 2024

Scheduling is a classic and commonly encountered issue. Various institutions are currently facing scheduling problems concerning their employees or staff, one of which involves the scheduling of activities at the Electoral Commission (KPU). However, KPU presently relies on a manual system without a structured database system, leading to delays in completing tasks that should ideally be finished on time and making the process vulnerable to errors. To address this, the waterfall method is being utilized for system development, encompassing stages such as system requirement analysis, system design, system development, system testing, and system implementation. The subsequent application is being developed using PHP and MYSQL. The implementation of this scheduling information system aims to facilitate KPU employees in efficiently carrying out their daily tasks and activities, thereby streamlining the scheduling process. By presenting the results of this research, it is expected that the design of the web-based activity scheduling information system for the Election Commission (KPU) can positively contribute to the efficiency and effectiveness of KPU's tasks related to general elections.
Deteksi Penyakit Pada Daun Pisang dengan Penggunakan Algoritma Local Binary Pattern Dan K-Nearest Neighbor
Authors: Dedi Leman  , Obedh Eliezer Sidauruk
Published: September 2024

Pisang merupakan salah satu jenis buah yang memiliki produksi tinggi dan banyak disukai oleh masyarakat. Produktivitas Pisang berfluktuasi dari tahun ke tahun. Hal ini disebabkan fluktuasi luas panen, tanaman yang belum berproduksi secara optimal, gangguan iklim dan serangan berbagai hama dan penyakit yang menjadi faktor penghambat pertumbuhan dan produksi pisang di Indonesia. Identifikasi tersebut akan memakan waktu yang relatif lama dan menghasilkan berbagai penyakit pada daun pisang karena manusia memiliki keterbatasan visual dalam mengidentifikasi, tingkat kelelahan dan perbedaan pendapat tentang penyakit pada daun pisang. Proses pengenalan pola daun dapat dilakukan dengan cara mengenali ciri-ciri struktur daun seperti bentuk dan tekstur daun. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Local Binary Pattern yaitu algoritma yang dapat digunakan untuk mengklasifikasikan berdasarkan citra, sedangkan knearest neighbor digunakan untuk pendeteksian penyakit pada citra daun pisang. Setiap nilai bobot dari citra latih dan citra uji akan dibandingkan dengan meminimalkan nilai Euclidean Distance. Pada penelitian ini digunakan 4 jenis penyakit daun pisang. Berdasarkan hasil uji akurasi diperoleh nilai akurasi sebesar 90,5% untuk proses pendeteksian penyakit pada daun pisang sebanyak 10 data.
ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN EKONOMI SYARIAH ZAMAN RASULULLAH SAW BERDASARKAN PERSPEKTIF HUKUM EKONOMI ISLAM
Authors: Abdurrohman Akbar Firman Muhammad , Amelia Erika , Rodoni Ahmad
Published: September 2024

Rasulullah SAW diutus ke bumi untuk memperbaiki kejahilan. Salah satunya dengan membuat kebijakan-kebijakan ekonomi. Rasulullah SAW mengeluarkan beberapa kebijakan yang berkaitan dengan berbagai hal seperti, masalah kemasyarakatan, masalah hukum, politik, juga masalah perniagaan atau ekonomi. Masalah perekonomian umat yang menjadi salah satu hal yang sangat di perhatikan oleh Rasulullah SAW, karena masalah ekonomi merupakan pilar penyangga keimanan yang perlu diperhatikan. Oleh karena itu Rasulullah SAW mengeluarkan sekaligus mengimplementasikan kebijakan-kebijakan sosial untuk mengatasi masalah kemiskinan. langkah dalam penentuan dasar-dasar sistem keuangan negara yang dilakukan oleh Rasulullah SAW merupakan hal yang sangat signifikan, sekaligus cerdas dan diluar espektasi pada masa itu, sehingga Islam menjadi sebuah agama dan negara yang dapat berkembang dengan pesat, karena bisa berkembang dalam jangka waktu yang relative singkat. Sistem ekonomi yang Rasulullah SAW terapkan menggunakan berdasarkan dengan prisn-prinsip ekonomi yang ada di dalam Al-Qur’an. Al-Qur’an menjadi sumber-sumber utama dalam ajaran Islam. Islam telah menentukan berbagai aturan sebagai petunjuk bagi umat manusia dalam melakukan aktivitas kehidupan sehari-hari di berbagai aspeknya, termasuk pada bidang ekonomi.
KEWENANGAN KOMISI PENYIARAN INDONESIA SEBAGAI LEMBAGA NEGARA INDEPENDEN DALAM MEWUJUDKAN TAYANGAN TELEVISI YANG EDUKATIF DAN RAMAH ANAK
Authors: Rosyid Ridho Muhammad , Dwi Wahyuni Ruslina
Published: September 2024

Artikel ini akan mengkaji tentang kewenangan Komisi Penyiaran Indonesia Sebagai Lembaga Negara Independen dalam mewujudkan tayangan televisi yang edukatif dan ramah anak, Dalam artikel ini akan dibahas tentang lembaga negara idependen di Indonesia, independensi Komisi Penyiaran Indonesia sebagai lembaga negara independen serta peran Komisi Penyiaran Indonesia dalam mewujudkan tayangan yang edukatif dan ramah anak. Penelitian ini menggunakan Metode deskriptif analisis merupakan metode dalam penelitian ini dan pendekatanya menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif. Kesimpulan dari artikel ini yaitu Sebagai lembaga independen yang menangani tentang penyiaran, Komisi Penyiaran Indonesia memiliki kewenangan agar terciptanya tayangan yang berunsur edukatif dan ramah anak. Minimnya tayangan terhadap anak, menjadikan anak-anak menonton konten dewasa yang sarat akan kekerasan, sehingga Komisi Penyiaran Indonesia perlu memberikan pengawasan terhadap konten-anak tersebut. Dalam menjalankan pengawasan program tayangan televisi, Komisi Penyiaran Indonesia berkoordinasi dengan lembaga negara lainnya dan pemerintah, juga kepada masyarakat.
PERBANKAN DAN KEUANGAN SYARIAH DALAM PERSPEKTIF SEJARAH PEMBENTUKAN HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Asy’ari Akbar Muh , Abdurrohman Akbar Firman Muhammad , Lazuardi Afried
Published: September 2024

Dalam sejarah peradaban manusia, terdapat beberapa bentuk sistem ekonomi yang telah ditemukan, seperti sistem ekonomi kapitalis, marxis, atau sosialis, dan sistem ekonomi Islam. Sistem ekonomi kapitalis dan sosialis telah berkembang sejak lama, sementara sistem ekonomi Islam baru dikembangkan dalam tiga dekade terakhir. Sistem ekonomi yang telah berkembang sejauh ini mengacu pada sistem ekonomi Eropa. Hal ini karena istilah sistem ekonomi Islam belum dikenal. Oleh karena itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis perbankan dan keuangan Islam dalam perspektif sejarah pembentukan hukum Islam mulai dari zaman Rasulullah SAW hingga zaman dinasti Abbasi. Metode penelitian menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan studi literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa selama masa dinasti Abbasi, prinsip-prinsip perbankan sudah terlihat permukaannya, yaitu selama pemerintahan al-Muqtadir. Selama zaman Nabi Muhammad hingga masa Umayyah, hal ini tidak dikenal sebagai bank, tetapi fungsinya dilakukan menggunakan kontrak sesuai dengan syariah.
Genetic variability influences physical condition in male Roe deer.
Authors: Ruiz María José , Roldán Eduardo R.S. , Rey Isabel , Malo Aurelio F. , Gomendio Montserrat
Published: September 2024

Understanding the relation between genetic variability, individual fitness and the viability of populations is crucial to ensure their adequate conservation. The most frequently used approach when tackling this question in natural populations is to analyze the correlation between heterozygosity, measured using molecular markers, and traits related to fitness, such as growth, survival, fecundity and developmental stability. Roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) is a species of great importance in Spain that has undergone recent geographical expansion. Understanding all the variables that affect its population dynamics is fundamental to regulate its management and improve its conservation. We examined the relationship between physical condition and individual genetic variability using 30 males captured between May and June (2002) in the Sierra de la Demanda (Burgos). We analysed 11 microsatellites, and individual genetic variability was calculated using standardised individual heterozygosity and mean d2. Relative body weight (residuals of body weight versus body size) is positively correlated with mean d2. High values of this variable are considered to represent high genetic variability since there are greater differences between the alleles inherited from the father and the mother. Thus, our results indicate that individuals with higher genetic variability accumulate more weight for a given size. Previous studies indicate that males in better physical condition are able to defend a larger territory and therefore have access to a greater number of females.
Estudio de la metodología aplicada para el cálculo del peso seco del cristalino como criterio de edad en la liebre ibérica (Lepus granatensis Rosenhauer, 1856).
Authors: Fernández Alfonso , Soriguer Ramón C. , Carro Francisco
Published: September 2024

Se analizó la influencia de los procesos de manipulación y fijación en el estado de conservación y en el peso final del cristalino y su uso como criterio para calcular la edad de L. granatensis. A modo de conclusión se propone un protocolo metodológico para su aplicación. Se analizaron 341 cristalinos procedentes de 217 ejemplares recogidos en Navarra. Se diferenciaron dos métodos de conservación: congelación previa y tratamiento en fresco; y dos estados de conservación: translucido o bien conservado y opaco o dañado. Se estudió el efecto del método de conservación en el estado de conservación y el efecto del estado de conservación en el peso seco final de los cristalinos. No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los pesos secos de los dos cristalinos de un mismo ejemplar, independientemente del tratamiento al que fueron sometidos. La congelación tuvo un claro efecto sobre el estado de conservación de las lentes por lo que se sugiere desechar aquellas muestras que no queden translúcidas tras el proceso de fijación. Además, se encontró una correlación significativa entre el tiempo de congelación y la diferencia en peso respecto a las muestras tratadas en fresco. Sin embargo, el tiempo de fijación no influyó de forma significativa en las diferencias finales de peso obtenidas.
Aproximación al estudio de la ecología espacial de especies simpátricas: la garduña (Martes foina) y la gineta (Genetta genetta).
Authors: Mangas Julián G. , Carrobles Mónica , Alcázar Laura H. , Bellón David , Virgós Emilio
Published: September 2024

El estudio comparado de la ecología de especies de carnívoros simpátricas es un aspecto importante que permite descubrir diferentes estrategias de uso de recursos comunes. Este estudio indaga en la ecología espacial de dos especies de carnívoros: la garduña (Martes foina) y la gineta (Genetta genetta), especies simpátricas y ampliamente distribuidas en los ecosistemas mediterráneos. El estudio intenta comprobar si, a pequeña escala, estas especies se distribuyen homogéneamente por un pinar mediterráneo en función de la estructura del paisaje. Para ello se muestrearon 12 cuadrículas UTM de 1x1 km en un pinar del oeste de la Comunidad de Madrid. En cada una de estas cuadrículas se emplazaron 2 cajas de huellas y se realizaron itinerarios a pie de 1 km para establecer la estructura del hábitat. Con los datos obtenidos se construyó una matriz de correlación donde se obtuvo que la abundancia de la garduña presentaba una correlación positiva con zonas de matorral más alto de 50 cm y la abundancia de gineta tenía una correlación positiva con zonas de matorral con una altura menor de 50 cm. Estos resultados muestran como dos especies de carnívoros simpátricas se distribuyen separadas a una escala pequeña en función de la estructura del hábitat. Sugerimos que el manejo del hábitat por medio del clareo del matorral para evitar incendios o por métodos silvícolas, puede hacer que las especies de carnívoros se desplacen de un hábitat o desaparezcan.
A common alteration in effort-based decision-making in apathy, anhedonia, and late circadian rhythm
Authors: Mehrhof Sara Z. , Nord Camilla L.
Published: September 2024

Motivational deficits are common in several brain disorders, and motivational syndromes like apathy and anhedonia predict worse outcomes. Disrupted effort-based decision-making may represent a neurobiological underpinning of motivational deficits, shared across neuropsychiatric disorders. We measured effort-based decision-making in 994 participants using a gamified online task, combined with computational modelling, and validated offline for test-retest reliability. In two pre-registered studies, we first replicated studies linking impaired effort-based decision-making to neuropsychiatric syndromes, taking both a transdiagnostic and a diagnostic-criteria approach. Next, testing participants with
early
and
late
circadian rhythms in the morning and evening, we find circadian rhythm interacts with time-of-testing to produce parallel effects on effort-based decision-making. Circadian rhythm may be an important variable in computational psychiatry, decreasing reliability or distorting results when left unaccounted for. Disentangling effects of neuropsychiatric syndromes and circadian rhythm on effort-based decision-making will be essential to understand motivational pathologies and to develop tailored clinical interventions.
Machine learning algorithm-based biomarker exploration and validation of mitochondria-related diagnostic genes in osteoarthritis
Authors: Wang Hongbo , Zhang Zongye , Cheng Xingbo , Hou Zhenxing , Wang Yubo , Liu Zhendong , Gao Yanzheng
Published: September 2024

The role of mitochondria in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA) is significant. In this study, we aimed to identify diagnostic signature genes associated with OA from a set of mitochondria-related genes (MRGs). First, the gene expression profiles of OA cartilage GSE114007 and GSE57218 were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus. And the limma method was used to detect differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Second, the biological functions of the DEGs in OA were investigated using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis. Wayne plots were employed to visualize the differentially expressed mitochondrial genes (MDEGs) in OA. Subsequently, the LASSO and SVM-RFE algorithms were employed to elucidate potential OA signature genes within the set of MDEGs. As a result, GRPEL and MTFP1 were identified as signature genes. Notably, GRPEL1 exhibited low expression levels in OA samples from both experimental and test group datasets, demonstrating high diagnostic efficacy. Furthermore, RT-qPCR analysis confirmed the reduced expression of Grpel1 in an in vitro OA model. Lastly, ssGSEA analysis revealed alterations in the infiltration abundance of several immune cells in OA cartilage tissue, which exhibited correlation with GRPEL1 expression. Altogether, this study has revealed that GRPEL1 functions as a novel and significant diagnostic indicator for OA by employing two machine learning methodologies. Furthermore, these findings provide fresh perspectives on potential targeted therapeutic interventions in the future.
Escherichia coli alcohol dehydrogenase YahK is a protein that binds both iron and zinc
Authors: Liang Feng , Sun Shujuan , Zhou YongGuang , Peng Tiantian , Xu Xianxian , Li Beibei , Tan Guoqiang
Published: September 2024

Background

Previous studies have highlighted the catalytic activity of Escherichia coli alcohol dehydrogenase YahK in the presence of coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and metal zinc. Notably, competitive interaction between iron and zinc ligands has been shown to influence the catalytic efficiency of several key proteases. This study aims to unravel the intricate mechanisms underlying YahK’s catalytic action, with a particular focus on the pivotal roles played by metal ions zinc and iron.

Methods

The purified YahK protein from E. coli cells cultivated in LB medium was utilized to investigate its metal-binding properties through UV-visible absorption measurements and determination of metal content. Subsequently, the effects of excess zinc and iron on the metal-binding ability and alcohol dehydrogenase activity of the YahK protein were explored using M9 minimal medium. Furthermore, site-directed mutagenesis technology was employed to determine the iron-binding site location within the YahK protein. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was conducted to examine the relationship between iron and zinc with respect to the YahK protein.

Results

The study confirmed the presence of iron and zinc in the YahK protein, with the zinc-bound form exhibiting enhanced catalytic activity in alcohol dehydrogenation reactions. Conversely, the presence of iron appears to play a pivotal role in maintaining overall stability of the YahK protein. Furthermore, experimental findings indicate that excessive zinc within M9 minimal medium can competitively bind to iron-binding sites on YahK, thereby augmenting its alcohol dehydrogenase activity.

Conclusion

The dynamic binding of YahK to iron and zinc unveils its intricate regulatory mechanism as an alcohol dehydrogenase, thereby highlighting the possible physiological role of YahK in E. coli and its significance in governing cellular metabolic processes. This discovery provides a novel perspective for further investigating the specific impact of metal ion binding on YahK and E. coli cell metabolism.
Enfoque de modelamiento matemático para resolver decisiones conjuntas de cutting stock, lot sizing y pricing en productos perecibles
Authors:   , Saavedra Cáceres Moisés Matías
Published: September 2024

Encontrar decisiones óptimas productivas y financieras, es fundamental en las utilidades de las empresas que comercializan productos perecibles que pueden ser cortads, ya que su vencimiento significa un costo. El problema de Cutting Stock, Lot Sizing y Pricing (P-CSLSP) consiste en la elección de decisiones de corte y fijación de precios para subproductos obtenidos de un insumo que puede ser dividido. En este documento, se describe y modela el P-CSLSP para un insumo perecible, de demanda determinista y precio sensible. Para evaluar este modelo se trabaja con datos reales, de corto y largo plazo, de una empresa faenadora de pollos. Para el corto plazo, se compara la política de decisiones de corte y precios que utiliza actualmente la empresa avícola, resolviendo el problema de corte y precios de forma separada versus el enfoque propuesto. El modelo propuesto entregó un aumento en las utilidades del 5.8% versus el modelo que resuelve el problema separado. Para el largo plazo, se analizó que política de precios es mejor: iguales o variables en el tiempo, y si conviene: tomar decisiones constantemente o, mantenerlas sin cambios por periodos más largo de tiempo. Se obtiene que es indistinto en que períodos de tiempo optimizar y aplicar las soluciones, por lo que es mejor aplicar las que perduren en el tiempo, ahorrando en costos no monetarios de reprogramar la producción y el listado de precios. No obstante, se evidencia que un listado de precios libres entrega menores costos de inventarios y mermas versus que los precios fijos e iguales en el tiempo. Esta investigación tiene por objetivo entregar un modelo matemático, con demanda determinística, que permita generar planes de producción y fijación de precios para maximizar la utilidad de empresas productoras que trabajen con productos perecibles, que deban ser trozados según un patrón de corte.
Evaluation of Anti-hyperlipidemic and Hepato-renal Protective Role of Ethanolic Extract from Mimosa pudica Leaves on High Fat Induced Hyperlipidemic Rat Model
Authors: Baroi Juliana Aditi , Ullah Md. Rahmat , Meheree Rubab , Ismail Md. , Shohan FM. Sharifuzzaman , Flora Sanzida Alam , Pranto Tasin Islam
Published: September 2024

Traditional herbal medicine is an ancient field of study that derives its inspiration from natural sources. For thousands of years, it has helped humans fight diseases and protect their health, energy, and ability to reproduce. This study examined the effects of a Mimosa pudica extract on the lipid profiles of rats with hyperlipidemia caused by a high-fat diet. Group 6, which was given a high fat dose of 900 mg/kg, had statistically significant outcomes (p< 0.05) in terms of Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase (SGPT) levels in relation to the liver function test. The results of the renal function test showed that group 6, which received doses of 900 mg/kg, had a statistically significant elevation in urea levels (p< 0.05). The analysis of creatinine levels in groups 4, 5, and 6 revealed statistically significant results (p< 0.05) for doses of 300, 600, and 900 mg/kg, respectively. Groups 5 and 6 had statistically significant results (p<0.05) for HDL and LDL. Groups 5 and 6 had statistically significant outcomes when administered dosages of 600 and 900 mg/kg, respectively. A statistically significant difference (p< 0.05) was seen in the triglyceride levels between groups 5 and 6. The total cholesterol levels in Group 6, which received a dose of 900 mg/kg, showed statistically significant results (p < 0.05). The main goal of this study is to find out what happens to the lipid profile of hyperlipidemic albino rats when they are given an ethanolic M. pudica extract. The current study in rat models showed that M. pudica had a hyperlipidemic impact, significantly increasing cholesterol levels. The bioactive constituents of the plant, such as tannins, flavonoids, and phenolics, are responsible for its cardioprotective properties. To gain a better understanding of the mechanisms of action of certain bioactive compounds, further analysis of M. pudica's ethanolic extract is required.
A Comprehensive Review of Tax Policy Changes and Tax Revenue in Kenya
Authors: Benard Otieno , S.R. Sheeja , Muringi Wachira Rose , Becil Odhiambo Chris
Published: September 2024

Government revenue is crucial for fostering economic growth, especially in emerging economies where financial autonomy matters. Mobilising this revenue is key to achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) focused on productivity and inclusive growth. This study analyses Kenya's tax revenue trends from 2001 to 2021, particularly the impact of tax policy reforms on the tax-to-GDP ratio. The findings reveal a significant increase in Kenya's tax revenue from 182,418 million shillings in 2001 to 1,692,662 million shillings in 2021, reflecting the effectiveness of tax reforms. It notes a shift towards direct taxes, which increased both in absolute terms and as a portion of total revenue, indicating improved compliance and administrative efficiency. Key reforms, such as the Tax Modernization Programme and the digital iTax system, enhanced revenue collection by improving compliance and tax base widening. While indirect taxes have traditionally dominated, the gap with direct taxes has narrowed, leading to a more balanced revenue structure. The study also highlights challenges, including political disruptions in 2007 and the economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, emphasising the need for resilient revenue strategies. Ultimately, the research concludes that continuous tax policy reform and improved administrative efficiency are essential for Kenya's fiscal sustainability and broader economic development goals.
Assessment of Soil Physico-chemical Properties in Sugarcane Cultivation Areas of Navsari District, Gujarat, India
Authors: Keniya B. J. , Zinzala V. J. , Sisodiya R. R.
Published: September 2024

Sentinel 2 satellite data from the year 2021 were acquired from the Copernicus site to identify the sugarcane producing area in the Navsari district. Hybrid classification approach i.e., supervised and unsupervised with ground truth data were applied using ERDAS IMAGINE software. After image classification, 2.5 km x 2.5 km grid was prepared in Q-GIS software which along with classified sugarcane area were overlapped for site identification. Then, random soil surface and sub-surface samples were collected with reference from grid of intensive sugarcane growing area. The particle density (2.10 to 2.76 g cm-3 with the mean value of 2.58 g cm-3) and bulk density (1.10 to 1.68 g cm-3 with the mean value of 1.33 g cm-3) of surface soil were found to be lower than sub-surface soil (2.18 to 2.79 g cm-3 and 1.15 to 1.68 g cm-3 with the mean value of 2.62 g cm-3 and 1.42 g cm-3 respectively) while porosity (31.60 to 59.26% with the mean value of 48.39%) and maximum water holding capacity (22.77 to 51.92% with the mean value of 39.60%) of surface soil were found to be higher than sub-surface soil (29.54 to 57.71% and 20.98 to 48.91% with the mean value of 45.60% and 36.81% respectively). The pH of soil surface showed range from 6.08 to 8.37 while pH of soil sub-surface noted range of 6.00 to 8.50. The electrical conductivity of surface and sub-surface soil showed the range of 0.011 to 1.580 dS m-1 and 0.010 to 1.586 dS m-1. The soil organic carbon of surface soil ranged from 0.06 to 0.89% while that of sub-surface soil varied from 0.02 to 0.85%.
Biophysical Properties of Thermostable Amidase Produced by Aspergillus fumigatus in Submerged Fermentation
Authors: O. Garuba Emmanuel , Ajoke Yekini Fatima , Iyanuoluwa Owoseni Ibukunoluwa
Published: September 2024

Amidases, also known as amidohydrolases (EC 3.5.1.4), are enzymes within the nitrilase superfamily or amidase signature family. They hydrolyze amides and nitriles into their corresponding acids while releasing ammonia. These enzymes are widely used in biotechnology and industry. However, their production is limited to a few organisms, which cannot meet industrial demand. Therefore, exploring new amidase sources is crucial. This study focuses on purifying and characterizing amidase from Aspergillus fumigatus using cold acetone precipitation and column chromatography with Sephadex G-100. The effects of temperature, pH and metal ions, on the enzyme activity were examined for both crude and purified amidase. The thermal and pH stability of the enzyme alongside the enzyme kinetics were also assessed. The purified amidase exhibited optimal activity of 13.1 U/mL at 70°C, with 65% residual activity after 5 hours at this temperature. The pH studies showed optimal activity at pH 5.0 for the purified enzyme (7.8 U/mL) and at pH 4.0 for the crude enzyme (5.5 U/mL). Metal ion effects indicated that Zn²⁺, Mg²⁺, and EDTA enhanced, while Cu²⁺ inhibited, the activities of both crude and purified amidase. Kinetic analysis showed that the enzyme followed Michaelis-Menten kinetics, with Km and Vmax values of 0.104 mM and 1.884 U/mL for crude amidase, and 0.017 mM and 1.872 U/mL for purified amidase. These findings suggest that amidase from Aspergillus fumigatus holds potential for industrial applications where amidases are essential.
Occurrence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Vancomycin Resistance among Clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus in Enugu Metropolis, Nigeria
Authors: Ebede S.O , Okechukwu A. M , Maduakor U.C , Eberechukwu C. L , Mba G.C
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus is a significant cause of community-acquired and healthcare-acquired infections worldwide. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections have been treated with vancomycin, a last-resort antibiotic. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of vancomycin resistance among Staphylococcus aureus isolates obtained from different clinical samples.
Materials and Methods: The study was conducted from February to August 2022 in the Microbiology Laboratory of the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu. A total of 150 Staphylococcus aureus isolates from different clinical samples were used for the study. The antimicrobial susceptibility profile was done using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion procedure. Methicillin resistance was detected using the cefoxitin disc diffusion technique. VRSA was confirmed using the broth dilution method.
Results: Isolates showed high resistance to cephalosporins; 100% resistance to cefixime, to cefotaxime 98.7%, to cefuroxime 93.3%, and to ceftriaxone 80%.  There was also high resistance of isolates to imipenem 98.7%, Augmentin 92.2%, erythromycin, and azithromycin 81.3% and 80.0% respectively. Of the 150 isolates, 51(34.0%) were methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and 99(66.0%) were MRSA. Of the 99 MRSA strains, 9 (9.1%) were vancomycin-resistant (VRSA), 24 (24.2%) were vancomycin intermediate (VISA) and 66 (66.7%) were vancomycin-sensitive (VSSA). The overall prevalence of VRSA was 6%.
Conclusion: The isolates had a high resistance to the antibiotics used in our study. The proportion of MRSA was high. A high percentage of VRSA/VISA was also detected.   To prevent the further spread of VRSA, rigorous monitoring of vancomycin treatment, response, and the development of appropriate control guidelines are strongly recommended and required.
Impact of Different Herbicidal Treatments on Hybrid Maize: A Review
Authors: Kumari Gitesh , Ankit  , Sharma Himani , Suman Saurabh , Upadhyay R.G. , Guleria Abhishek , Kumar Sachin , Sahoo Chinmaya , Sharma Suraj , Verma Abhay
Published: September 2024

Maize (Zea mays L.) is an important cereal crop grown in the world. The living factors (insects, pests, weeds) and non-living factors (drought, salinity, heat stress) affects the yield of maize; among which weeds are considered as most destructive in decreasing the maize crop yield. Weeds negatively affect the grain yield of maize and increase the production cost of farmers. Various herbicides are used to control weeds in maize including atrazine, tembotrione etc. Atrazine is a pre-emergence herbicide used to control weeds. It is a selective herbicide used to control broad-leaved weeds and annual grasses. Tembotrione is a PoE (Post-emergence) broad spectrum herbicide used to control broad-leaved and grassy weeds in maize. This herbicide effectively reduces the density and dry weight of most of the weeds present in maize crop. Tembotrione gives lower weed index and higher weed control efficiency, when applied at 150 g ha−1 + surfactant and 125 g ha−1 + surfactant at 20 DAS. These herbicide shows no phytotoxicity effect on the crops. They are totally safe for weed control and enhance the productivity and profatibilty of the crop.