bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Escritura académica de los estudiantes del posgrado de relaciones internacionales en el Perú: representaciones sociales y prácticas de literacidad
Authors: Tavera Elizabeth , Lovón Marco
Published: October 2023

Este artículo analiza e interpreta las representaciones y prácticas acerca de la escritura académica universitaria en un posgrado de una institución pública peruana. Metodológicamente, esta es una investigación mixta. Se entrevistaron a quince estudiantes de una maestría en Relaciones Internacionales y se aplicó un cuestionario. Los resultados arrojan que la escritura académica se representa principalmente asociada a habilidades cognitivas y pautas normativistas. Entre las prácticas, se encuentra que siguen rutinas, esquemas y estrategias de lectura para guiar su escritura. El artículo concluye que los estudiantes reproducen y valoran las convenciones y las tradiciones de la variedad estándar por la imagen profesional que proyectan, sin aprovechar las potencialidades de la literacidad crítica.
La narrativa transmedia en los true crime: del relato periodístico a las pantallas
Authors: Sánchez Esparza Marta , Méndiz Noguero Alfonso , Berlanga Fernández Inmaculada
Published: October 2023

El artículo aborda la narrativa transmedia en los true crime, género narrativo caracterizado por la investigación y reconstrucción de crímenes y escándalos reales, convertido en uno de los más exitosos en las plataformas de streaming. Indaga en el recorrido del relato periodístico hasta el formato audiovisual para demostrar, de este modo, la continuidad constatable a través de los siglos. Para ello se acude al método histórico, al análisis documental de teorías narrativas clásicas y contemporáneas, y al análisis de un caso reciente y paradigmático: la docuserie Lucía en la telaraña (RTVE Play, 2021). Los resultados confirman que el true crimeemplea como fuente el relato periodístico, ampliando su capacidad de explicar de forma comprensible historias complejas; en este género se identifican, también, elementos de un eje dramático básico que lo hace fácilmente trasladable de un género a otro, de un lenguaje a otro y, por tanto, de un formato a otro. Como principal conclusión se comprueba que, efectivamente, el true crimerepresenta una continuidad con la tradición narrativa clásica sobre crímenes y sucesos.
Ni vencedor ni vencido: trágico. La espera y el deseo en Zama, de Antonio Di Benedetto
Authors: Criach Sofía
Published: October 2023

En el siguiente artículo abordamos Zama, una de las novelas más importantes de la literatura latinoamericana del siglo XX, centrándonos en la construcción de la subjetividad de su protagonista y en cómo se imbrican en ella los planos del individuo y del contexto histórico-político (fines del período colonial). Con el sostén de ciertos nudos del pensamiento existencialista, pero sin tomar sus postulados como prescripciones, recorremos el itinerario de Diego de Zama para indagar en la forma en que construye, para habitar, un entrelugar delimitado por el deseo y la espera, en el que se ponen en juego dos atributos fundamentales de lo humano: la libertad y la conciencia de muerte.
Iconografía de la literatura étnica americana: trasvase de la novela chicana The House on Mango Street a la serie de televisión
Authors: Vásquez Diéguez Ignacio , Merino Arribas Dory
Published: October 2023

The House on Mango Street, el icónico libro de la literatura chicana, se trasvasa a la televisión en un formato de miniserie, después de que la escritora mexicoamericana Sandra Cisneros dio su consentimiento al ver la elevada audiencia de las plataformas de streaming y su impacto para el diálogo sobre la inmigración en Estados Unidos. El trasvase de la novela a la pequeña pantalla está en manos de la productora francesa Gaumont, conocida por la serie Narcos (Netflix). La novela es un reflejo de la vida de la autora, quien nació en Chicago en 1954 y es hija de padres mexicanos. El objetivo general de esta investigación es analizar la iconografía de la novela The House on Mango Street para determinar su problemática o facilidad al adaptarla al simbolismo visual de la televisión. Se emplea una metodología de análisis crítico del discurso, junto con el análisis narrativo-simbólico de los elementos clave en la novela: la figura de la mujer ventanera, historias de domesticación y servidumbre, y las barreras raciales, culturales o de clase. Entre las conclusiones, destaca la presencia de mujeres aprisionadas en su hogar, en viviendas desprovistas de una habitación propia, por lo que no cuentan con espacios para la reflexión, ni para la emancipación. Por lo tanto, el rechazo que siente la protagonista por su propio hogar es una metáfora de la hostilidad hacia la identidad que se le ha impuesto.
María, de Jorge Isaacs: un siglo de adaptaciones en cine y televisión
Authors: Cruz-Carvajal Isleny
Published: October 2023

“María, de Jorge Isaacs: un siglo de adaptaciones en cine y televisión” es un recorrido analítico por distintas versiones audiovisuales que desde 1918 y hasta 2010 se han hecho a partir de esta novela representativa del romanticismo latinoamericano. Propone identificar sus relaciones narrativas y espacio-temporales respecto a la base literaria. El corpus se compone de todo el material conservado: siete películas en distintos formatos y una serie televisiva. Cada análisis se contextualiza con estudios históricos precedentes, revisa las claves argumentales y enunciativas, describe las particularidades espacio-temporales del tratamiento audiovisual y subraya lo que estas aportan a la interpretación de su fuente original. Entre otras revelaciones, se concluye que la evolución de las adaptaciones de María ha hecho posible la representación de su dimensión autobiográfica y que es en la televisión donde se han podido incorporar y amplificar las microhistorias que la convierten en novela histórica.
Uso de corpus para la enseñanza-aprendizaje de la escritura: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Cerda Canales Constanza , Venegas René
Published: October 2023

La producción escrita es un proceso que involucra diversos factores. Dada su complejidad, existen numerosos estudios que tienen como propósito mejorar los procesos de escritura. Algunos de ellos se han centrado en el uso de corpus, metodología que con los años ha tomado cada vez más fuerza. El objetivo del presente artículo es comparar las intervenciones didácticas basadas en corpus para la enseñanza-aprendizaje de la escritura. Para lograrlo, se realiza una revisión sistemática de investigaciones empíricas, publicadas en revistas indexadas durante los últimos diez años. Los resultados muestran que, de acuerdo con nuestros criterios de inclusión, los estudios que reportan intervenciones didácticas son escasos en los últimos diez años. Entre ellos existe predominancia del contexto de inglés como L2/LE y en nivel de educación superior, así como también se observa que las intervenciones con resultados positivos en los escritos y en la percepción de los estudiantes tienen en común rasgos como los géneros a utilizar en las tareas, la consulta en corpus, la autorrevisión y una instrucción explícita respecto de la herramienta de corpus a utilizar. Con esta investigación se espera aportar con indicaciones para futuros diseños de intervenciones que se puedan implementar en diversos contextos.
Proposed ‘Healthy Lifestyle Center’ model utilizing integrated primary care for non-communicable diseases’ prevention and management in rural Nepal
Authors: Schlabach Andrew , Woeltje Amanda , Guragain Bhimsagar , Groebner Rebecca
Published: October 2023

Good Health Nepal (GHN) was founded in 2013 and currently operates (in cooperation with governmental health care services) both permanent and outreach clinics in the Thaha municipality of the Makawanpur District in central Nepal (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepal). GHN received governmental approval in 2016 to become the first integrated Healthy Lifestyle Centers (HLCs) in Nepal. As the first of its kind, the scope of practice and operational authority are not well defined. The purpose of this paper is to document GHNs current operational model for evaluation and implementation at the PHC level in rural Nepal. The proposed integrative model is cost-effective, easily replicable, and highlights the need for comprehensive and sustainable care, non-communicable diseases’ prevention and education with effective treatment, case management, community-centered care, referral networks, and telemedicine. This model supports the future establishment and operation of all HLCs in Nepal.
Amerikalı Gazeteci Curtis’in İttihat ve Terakki’nin Yönetimi ve Eğitim Anlayışına Dair Bazı Gözlem ve Değerlendirmeleri
Authors: KUŞ Ayşegül
Published: October 2023

1877-1878 Osmanlı-Rus savaşında Osmanlı Devleti yenilmiş ve ardından II. Abdülhamid Meclis-i Mebusanı kapatmış ve böylece 33 yıl kadar devam eden bir süreç başlamıştır. Bu süreç içerisinde muhalif bir hareket olarak ortaya çıkan Jön Türkler ve onun bir uzantısı olan İttihat ve Terakki, hem yurt dışında hem de yurt içinde güç kazanmış ve 23 Temmuz 1908 yılında Abdülhamid’i tekrar Meşrutiyeti ilan etmeye ve meclisi açmaya zorlamıştır. II. Meşrutiyet ilan edilince, İttihat ve Terakki yönetimi başlamıştır. II. Meşrutiyet, Jön Türker’in baskısıyla ilan edilmiş olsa da, özde, Lale devri, Tanzimat, Islahat ve I. Meşruti-yet gibi Osmanlı Devleti tarafından yapılan yenileşme ve çağdaşlaşma çabalarının deva-mı niteliğindedir. Tüm bunlara ek olarak, II. Meşrutiyet döneminin, aynı zamanda Türkiye Cumhuriyetine giden süreç ve sonrası üzerinde de önemli yansımaları ve etkileri olmuştur. Çünkü bu dönemin bazı siyasetçileri ve aydınları, Cumhuriyet’in de kurucu kadrosu içeri-sinde yer alarak gerek düşünceleri gerekse yürüttükleri faaliyetlerle Cumhuriyet döneminin şekillenmesinde de önemli bir rol oynamışlardır. Bu yüzden, 1908 yılında II. Meşrutiyetin ilan edilmesiyle başlayan dönemin, idari, siyasi, ekonomik ve sosyo-kültürel bakımdan modern Türk tarihi üzerindeki etkilerini ayrıntılı olarak ele alarak analiz etmek önem ta-şımaktadır. İşte bu çalışma, Amerikalı gazeteci William Eleroy Curtis’in “Around the Black Sea: Asia Minor, Armenia, Caucasus, Circassia, Daghestan, The Crimea, Roume-nia” adlı eserinden yola çıkarak II. Meşrutiyetin ilanıyla başlayan İttihat ve Terakki yöne-timinin yapısına ve yönetim anlayışına dair gözlemlerinin bir değerlendirmesini ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır.
Analisis Pengendalian Internal Kas Pada Klinik Mata XYZ Sidoarjo
Authors: Ika Risky Nurfadilah  , Moh. Agung Surianto
Published: October 2023

Internal control is very important for companies, especially in managing cash. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method. The results of the study show that the internal control of cash at the XYZ Sidoarjo Eye Clinic is like what. The results showed that the implementation of the internal control system, especially cash receipts and disbursements carried out by the XYZ Sidoarjo Eye Clinic, was sufficient, according to theory. It's just that at the point of division of tasks and responsibilities there are still multiple functions due to limited human resources so that internal checking is ineffective and also the cash disbursement document has not been numbered sequentially to facilitate evaluation. Companies should carry out control of cash receipts and disbursements in accordance with the principles of internal control of the company
STUDY AND EVALUATION BY INTERNATIONAL AMPELODESCRIPTORS OF SOME LOCAL AND INTRODUCED GRAPE VARIETIES
Authors:   The Ministry ofAgriculture of the Republik of Azerbaijan Scientific Research İnstitute of Viticulture and Wine-making, Absheron, Azerbaijan, Salimov Vugar Suleyman , Huseynov Movlud Arastun ,   The Ministry ofAgriculture of the Republik of Azerbaijan Scientific Research İnstitute of Viticulture and Wine-making, Absheron, Azerbaijan, Eyyubova Leyla Ruslan ,   The Ministry ofAgriculture of the Republik of Azerbaijan Scientific Research İnstitute of Viticulture and Wine-making, Absheron, Azerbaijan
Published: October 2023

The article presents the results of the study and evaluation of bunches, berries and seeds of some technical grape varieties, as well as the Moldova variety, which has a universal use in Azerbaijan. Morphological, biological and technological features of the varieties selected as the object of research were studied according to the descriptors of the International Organization of Vine and Wine (OIV). Among the local and introduced grape varieties, Arna-grna, Khindogny, Gamashhara, Shirvanshahy and Moldova varieties outperformed the control and other tested varieties in terms of uvological parameters (weight, volume, bunch size, etc.). The yield of juice in the studied varieties varied within 63,5-86,8 %. The highest juice yield was noted in the Shirvanshahy variety (86,8 %), and the lowest in the varieties Carignan (63,5 %) and Syrah (63,8 %); the relatively low value of this indicator can be explained by the increased sensitivity shown by these varieties to local edaphoclimatic conditions, as well as climatic changes, when in the conditions of Azerbaijan in the areas of traditional rainfed viticulture, berries often do not gain enough juice without additional watering. By weight of 100 berries the studied varieties were mainly classified as small, and the varieties Arna-grna (481 g), Gyanjevi (341 g) and Moldova (317 g) were classified as medium. The sugar content of the berries of the studied grape varieties was assessed as medium, high and very high, in accordance with descriptor OIV 505; the highest indicator was noted in the Shirvanshahy variety (25,0 g/100 cm³).
BREEDING EVALUATION OF THE QUALITY OF FRUIT OF PROMISING WALNUT VARIETIES IN THE SOUTH OF RUSSIA
Authors:   Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «North Caucasian Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Wine-making», Krasnodar, Russia, Artykhova Larisa Viktorovna
Published: October 2023

Walnut (Juglans regia L.) is one of the ten most valuable plants on the planet. All its parts are economically valuable. Most often, the species is grown for food purposes. Walnut fruits are of great economic interest for the food industry, directly its edible part (kernel). Fresh, natural kernels are eaten mostly as whole nuts or used in various confectionery products. The nut is a nutrient-rich product, mainly due to the content of: fats (from 60-77 %), protein (16.5-34 %) and carbohydrates (2-10 %). The purpose of the study is to evaluate promising varieties of walnuts in terms of fruit quality and to identify varieties with a complex of economically valuable traits. Modern programs and methods of breeding and variety study are used. The paper presents the results of a long-term study (2018-2022) of 16 varieties of walnut growing in the conditions of the North Caucasus region. In the course of the study, large-fruited varieties were established (with a fruit weight 12.1-14.0 g) MP-118, Rus’, Slavyanin, Vodnik, Olympiets, LP-40; high kernel content (from 53.1 to 56.1%): Timur, Rus’, Novinka, Terkin, Sokol, Yakhont, Nakhodka, Stimul, Vodnik, LP-40; high fat content (from 65 to 71 %): Terkin, Novinka, Slavyanin, Vodnik, Stimul, Shchedryi, Zemlyak, Sokol, Rus’, LP-40; fruits with thin-crust shells (0.8-1.2 mm): Shchedryi, Slavyanin, Timur, Novinka, Terkin, Sokol, Yakhont, Nakhodka, Stimul, Vodnik, LP-40, Rus’. All varieties have a high tasting score. The results of the study allowed us to identify three promising varieties: Vodnik, Rus’ and LP-40 with a complex of economically valuable traits (fruit weight, kernel yield, kernel extractability, taste and high fat content). All studied variety forms are of interest for breeding and production, and they can also be recommended as sources for obtaining new varieties.
Analisis Strategi Pengembangan Usaha @Mac.schol Kabupaten Semarang
Authors: Wibi Lambang
Published: October 2023

In implementing the right competitive advantage strategy to be implemented by a business, entrepreneurs need to look at market conditions and assess their position in the market. This can be done by analyzing the business environment, both internal and external, which is commonly called a SWOT analysis. The purpose of this research is to formulate a better business development strategy. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with data collection techniques through interviews and observation and documentation. Primary data collection was carried out through in-depth interviews with informants in this study, namely the owner of @mac.schol, employees and consumers in the Semarang area and its surroundings. While the secondary was collected through literature and previous research journals. The research method used in this study is the SWOT analysis method. From the results of IFAS and EFAS, the business position is in quadrant 1, from this quadrant, the recommended strategy is an aggressive/progressive strategy. Then from the SWOT matrix the right alternative that can be applied at @mac.schol going forward is the SO strategy by maintaining business strengths and minimizing weaknesses and avoiding threats seen from internal and external factors through a SWOT analysis matrix.

Keywords: SWPT analysis, strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats.
PANDANGAN MAHASISWA TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN INTERAKTIF CLASSPOINT PADA MATA KULIAH PENDIDIKAN AGAMA
Authors: Setiyanto Sigit , Setiawan Ismail
Published: October 2023

Pembelajaran Interaktif merupakan sebuah metode atau teknik pembelajaran yang dapat diaplikasikan dengan sistem komunikasi dua arah yang ditandai dengan adanya interaksi antara dosen dengan mahasiswa, mahasiswa dengan mahasiswa dan dengan sumber pembelajaran dalam menunjang tercapainya tujuan belajar. Classpoint adalah sebuah perangkat aplikasi pembelajaran interaktif dari perusahaan inknoe yang dapat terintegrasi dengan aplikasi presentasi Microsoft Office PowerPoint dan memberikan sejumlah fitur untuk membuat materi pembelajaran yang menarik sehingga dapat meningkatkan engagement antara mahasiswa dengan materi pelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi mahasiswa terhadap penggunaan media pembelajaran interaktif Classpoint pada kegiatan perkuliahan. Metode pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah metode pendekatan kuantitatif dekriptif dengan menggunakan angket. Sebanyak total 75 orang mahasiswa semester I pada 3 fakultas di Universitas ‘Aisyiyah Surakarta yang mengikuti mata kuliah Pendidikan Agama diberikan angket yang berisi 16 butir pernyataan yang mewakili aspek motivasi, kegunaan, dan aspek kognitif serta psikomotorik. Data mahasiswa yang terkumpul dipersentasikan dengan menggunakan persentase kriteria skor angket persepsi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa memberikan respons positif terhadap media pembelajaran interaktif Classpoint dengan kriteria sangat setuju atau rentang persentase respons 86,40% sampai 94,67%. Tanggapan positif yang diberikan terhadap media Classpoint ini dikarenakan adanya beberapa fitur menarik yang mendukung fungsi Classpoint sebagai media pembelajaran interaktif. Implikasi dari penelitian ini ialah media interaktif Classpoint dapat dijadikan sebagai salah satu referensi media belajar di kelas, khusus dalam meningkatkan motivasi dan keaktifan mahasiswa dalam belajar.
PEMBUATAN VIDEO PEMBELAJARAN ANIMASI 2D LAPISAN BUMI DAN TATA SURYA MATA PELAJARAN IPA KELAS VII (Studi Kasus : SMP Negeri 1 Tamansari)
Authors: Hariyanto Yudhi , Hadi Widiyanto , Nugraha Febrianta Surya
Published: October 2023

Perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi yang semakin terkonsentrasi pada era saat ini memberikan dampak baik bagi keduanya yaitu dimana pembelajaran dapat diintegrasikan dengan teknologi sehingga banyak media pembelajaran yang mulai menggunakan teknologi. Animasi 2D memanfaatkan gambar yang dihasilkan dari penggambaran objek atau karakter dalam setiap frame yang kemudian disusun dengan urutan yang tepat untuk menciptakan ilusi gerak. Disini peneliti mengambil studi kasus pada mata kuliah Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam (IPA) yang menitikberatkan pada materi lapisan bumi dan tata surya. Berdasarkan hasil wawancara yang dilakukan peneliti dengan guru mata pelajaran yang bersangkutan, banyak siswa yang mengalami kesulitan dalam memahami bahkan menghafal materi. Hal tersebut mengakibatkan nilai yang diperoleh siswa pada mata pelajaran IPA khususnya pada materi lapisan bumi dan tata surya menjadi rendah dan berada dibawah Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal (KKM), dengan nilai KKM mata pelajaran IPA pada materi tersebut. memiliki nilai 70/100 dan sebagian besar siswa memiliki nilai yang masih dibawah 70/100. Alur penelitian yang dilakukan terdiri dari tahapan pengumpulan data, analisis, dan desain. Video animasi 2 dimensi yang dihasilkan terdiri dari 2 materi utama yaitu lapisan bumi yang terdiri dari atmosfer, litosfer dan hidrosfer serta tata surya.
Optimisasi Algoritma Genetika dengan Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) untuk Sistem Rekomendasi Diet Gizi bagi Penderita Diabetes
Authors: Misbahul Munir Muhammad , Pujianto Ade , Aulia Muhali Lamuru Haechal
Published: October 2023

Diabetes, especially diabetic nephropathy, is a global health problem that is increasing in prevalence. This disease can cause various serious complications and even death. Despite the high cure rate associated with diabetes, it is important to improve the human body's immune system to reduce the risk of developing diabetes or diabetic nephropathy. One approach that can help is maintaining a diet with good nutritional coverage. This research aims to develop an artificial intelligence (AI) system that can provide recommendations for a good nutritional diet menu for diabetes sufferers. We propose the use of well-known genetic algorithms in decision making. However, to improve the accuracy and efficiency of the genetic algorithm, we will optimize it using the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. The research method used is an experimental method, where we will conduct experiments to test the performance of the optimized genetic algorithm. It is hoped that the results of this research can be used as a basis for making scientific publications in accredited national journals as well as product patents for food menu recommendation systems for diabetes sufferers. The main contribution of this research is improving the performance of the genetic algorithm through the use of the PSO algorithm, which will help increase the accuracy of the nutritional diet recommendation system. In this way, it is hoped that the results of this research can provide significant benefits in efforts to prevent and manage diabetes and improve the quality of life of diabetes sufferers.
Analisis SWOT sebagai Strategi dalam Peningkatan Daya Saing Lembaga PAUD di TK Permata Kasih Balikpapan
Authors: Wowor Josephin , Palit Windy Maria Walphin , Erwin H Ayu , Mulawarman Widyatmike Gede
Published: October 2023

Pendidikan anak usia dini adalah tingkat pendidikan sebelum tingkat pendidikan dasar yang merupakan upaya pembinaan yang ditujukan kepada anak sejak lahir sampai dengan usia enam tahun yang dilakukan melalui pemberian rangsangan pendidikan untuk membantu pertumbuhan dan pengembangan jasmani dan rohani. Semakin pesat meningkatnya lembaga PAUD, maka ini menjadikan kompetisi antar lembaga PAUD, dan meningkatkan daya saing. Dengan begitu manajemen strategis dibutuhkan untuk menyelenggarakan lembaga dengan baik dan bersaing. Untuk menyelenggarakan manajemen, suatu lembaga perlu menganalisis terlebih dahulu, dan dalam pembahasan ini kami menggunakan analisis SWOT. Analisis SWOT dipahami sebagai pengujian terhadap kekuatan dan kelemahan internal sebuah organisasi/lembaga, serta kesempatan dan ancaman lingkungan eksternalnya. Sesuai dengan tujuan yaitu ingin mengetahui bagaimana manajemen strategi di TK Permata Kasih Balikpapan. Penelitian ini menggunakan suatu metode yaitu metode kualitatif dengan analisis SWOT. Setelah melakukan analisis, hasil analisis SWOT adalah sebagai berikut. Strength: TK Permata Kasih menangani semua anak dari keluarga miskin namun beberapa siswa di sini yang tergolong menengah ke atas, memilih Lembaga ini dengan alasan SDM yang berpengalaman dan berkualitas. Weakness: TK Permata Kasih lemah pada sisi ekonomi. Opportunities: Dukungan dari stakeholder yang begitu besar. Threats: Letak Geografis lembaga. SWOT merupakan langkah awal dalam manajemen strategis lembaga dalam mengembangkan rencana untuk ke depannya.
Determination of zinc content in insulin products by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
Authors: Shvetsova Yu. N. , Erina A. A. , Khorolskaya E. A. , Zhigilei E. S. , Kuz’mina N. E.
Published: October 2023

Scientific relevance. Zinc content is a quality attribute of insulin products. The State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation requires that it should be determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). However, many pharmaceutical manufacturers currently prefer inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), which is considered the most promising method for pharmaceutical and biomedical elemental analysis.

Aim. The study aimed to develop and validate an ICP-MS-based analytical procedure for zinc content determination in insulin products.

Materials and methods. The study focused on human insulin, insulin lispro, insulin aspart, and insulin glargine in the form of active substances, suspensions for subcutaneous injection, and solutions for injection from different manufacturers. Zinc content was determined on an Agilent 7900 ICP-MS; the analysis included 66Zn signal intensity registration.

Results. The study compared the results of zinc content determination in test samples with either hydrochloric or nitric acid used as the solvent for sample preparation. The authors selected the experimental conditions to achieve relative standard deviations (RSDs) of not more than 2.5% for the measurements. The ICP-MSbased analytical procedure was validated for its specificity, linearity, accuracy, and precision in the range of 0.4–1.6 mg/L. The authors compared the measurements of zinc content made using FAAS and ICP-MS.

Conclusions. The ICP-MS-based analytical procedure for zinc content determination in insulin products meets the validation criteria. This analytical procedure, as developed and validated, may be used in the quality control of medicinal products in the Russian healthcare system and at the batch release stage of pharmaceutical manufacturing.
Assessment of Trans-Environmental Transitions of Heavy Metals and Arsenic in Herbal Drugs and Herbal Medicinal Products of Valerian Rhizomes with Roots and Motherwort Herb
Authors: Galenko M. S. , Gravel I. V.
Published: October 2023

Scientific relevance. In the context of pharmacopoeial harmonisation, the available methods for quantifying the total heavy metal content in tinctures are not sufficient to demonstrate the safety of liquid dosage forms based on herbal drugs. However, the establishment of individual limits for the heavy metal content requires analysing the patterns of environmental toxicant transitions from plant raw materials to herbal medicinal products in finished dosage forms.

Aim. This study aimed to analyse the trans-environmental transitions of heavy metals and arsenic from the soil through plants to herbal medicinal products using a case study of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of valerian and motherwort herbal drugs.

Materials and methods. The study focused on motherwort herb and valerian rhizomes with roots, the corresponding herbal medicinal products, and the rhizospheric soil. The elemental composition of the studied samples was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.

Results. The authors determined the content of 15 elements (Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Sr, Cd, Sb, Hg, and Pb) in plant raw materials, the rhizosphere, and herbal drug infusions and tinctures. The concentrations of elements were 0.002–109.884 mg/kg in motherwort herb samples and 0.017–866.618 mg/kg in the samples of valerian rhizomes with roots. Pb, Cd, and As were detected in all plant raw materials, while Hg was found only in 25% of the study samples. The content of these elements was within acceptable limits. Valerian and motherwort infusions contained all elements, except for Hg; valerian tinctures were free from Fe and Hg; and motherwort tinctures included no Fe, Hg, Sr, Cd, and Pb. The concentrations of elements in the infusions did not exceed 3.169 mg/kg, while the concentrations of elements in the tinctures were below 1.27 mg/kg. In the tinctures, Zn, Cu, Mg, and Ti were the most abundant elements, and Sb and Cd were present in minimum amounts.

Conclusions. Valerian and motherwort plants can concentrate Cu, Cr, Fe, and V from the soil. The transition of heavy metals and arsenic into infusions did not exceed 65% of the content of these elements in herbal drugs, while tinctures contained less than 30% of the content of heavy metals and arsenic in herbal drugs. Some elements passed into infusions 1.5–5 times more efficiently than into tinctures.
Microbiological examination of aerosols and sprays
Authors: Gunar O. V. , Sakhno N. G.
Published: October 2023

Scientific relevance. Medicinal products formulated as aerosols and sprays are increasingly used in clinical practice, which makes the control of their quality, including microbiological testing, a highly topical issue. The current regulatory standards for microbiological testing of medicines provide little information on the quality control of metereddose aerosols. Proper microbiological sampling of these medicinal products can be difficult because of their primary packaging. The specialised analytical procedures set forth in international standards require verification and standardisation before use. Medicinal products in the form of sprays, despite being free from the disadvantages of aerosols, are more susceptible to the risk of microbial contamination.

Aim. The study aimed to describe specific aspects of sampling, to analyse the results of microbiological testing of aerosols and sprays, and to study the spectrum of microbial contaminants in these dosage forms.

Materials and methods. The authors retrospectively analysed the microbiological quality and sterility data for 181 batches of sprays, aerosols, and other inhalation dosage forms. The data were obtained at the Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products of the Ministry of Health of Russia in 2020–2022. The Microbiology Laboratory tested the dosage forms according to the specifications provided by the manufacturers. The analysts used well-established testing procedures outlined in the current pharmacopoeias of the Russian Federation and the Eurasian Economic Union.

Results. The microbial counts exceeded the acceptable limits in 2.8% of the batches tested. The authors identified the microbial species that contaminated the medicinal products found to be non-compliant with regulatory requirements. Most of the non-compliant sprays that contained benzalkonium chloride as an antibacterial preservative were contaminated with Burkholderia cepacia complex species.

Conclusions. The authors consider it relevant to conduct research aiming at using the findings on potential contaminants to improve microbiological testing procedures for aerosols and sprays.
Current trends and risks associated with the use of therapies based on genome editing
Authors: Rachinskaya O. A. , Melnikova E. V. , Merkulov V. A.
Published: October 2023

Scientific relevance. To date, multiple approaches to genome editing have been developed based on different genome-editing systems (GESs) and genome modifications that result in single- or double-strand DNA breaks, either in vivo or ex vivo, followed by homologous recombination or non-homologous end joining to restore the sequence. However, the use of GESs is associated with a number of potential risks arising from the complex biology of such medicinal products and the fundamental role of their target, i.e. the DNA molecule.

Aim. This study analysed the most relevant trends and risks associated with medicinal products based on genome editing, the ways taken to overcome these risks, and the research methods used to identify and control the development of undesirable effects.

According to the literature, the adverse effects of GESs may arise both from the methods used to deliver GES components into the cell and from the functional activity of the GES itself, which includes insufficient on-target or undesirable off-target effects. This review indicates the main risks associated with the use of GESs. Preferable strategies to mitigate the risks of using GESs include repairing DNA breaks by homologous recombination, selecting GESs and related endonucleases that have greater specificity and restriction accuracy, increasing guide RNA specificity (for CRISPR/Cas), correcting the activity of the system regulating the cell cycle and apoptosis in a controlled manner, regulating the duration of expression and persistence of GES components in cells, etc.

Conclusions. The requirement to include quality, efficacy, and safety data when submitting registration dossiers for advanced therapy medicinal products prompts the discussion of the main risks associated with such products.
Effects of pertussis toxin and Bordetella pertussis lipo-oligosaccharide on the specific toxicity and potency of whole-cell pertussis vaccines
Authors: Alekseeva I. A. , Ibragimkhalilova I. V. , Lepekhova D. N.
Published: October 2023

Scientific relevance. The content of Bordetella pertussis lipo-oligosaccharide (LOS) and the residual levels of active pertussis toxin (PT) are generally accepted to be the primary factors that determine the reactogenicity of whole-cell pertussis vaccines. To improve the quality of whole-cell pertussis vaccines, it is both relevant and necessary to study the relationship between the toxicity of B. pertussis bacterial cell components and the main quality parameters of these vaccines, including their potency and specific toxicity, as termed in the WHO recommendations and the European Pharmacopoeia.

Aim. This study aimed to analyse the effects of B. pertussis LOS and residual active PT on the specific toxicity and potency of adsorbed diphtheria, tetanus, and whole-cell pertussis (DTwP) vaccines.

Materials and methods. The authors tested 57 commercial batches of adsorbed DTwP vaccines for compliance with the regulatory standards and product specification files. Vaccine batches that failed specific toxicity tests formed Group 1, and the other batches were designated as Group 2. The potency was tested in F1 CBA/Ca×C57BL/6J hybrid mice with experimentally induced meningoencephalitis that were immunised with DTwP and reference vaccines. The authors assessed the specific toxicity of DTwP vaccines by changes in body weight following intraperitoneal administration. The toxic activity was assessed indirectly by changes in body weight in the first 16–24 h (B. pertussis LOS) and on day 7 (PT) after dosing. The authors used Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient to measure the strength of correlation between the toxic activity of vaccine components and the specific toxicity and potency of the vaccine, which were established using the same vaccine batches.

Results. The authors measured the toxic activity of LOS and residual active PT in the vaccine batches studied. The correlation coefficients between the specific toxicity and potency of the vaccines and the toxic activity of LOS were 0.113 (p>0.05) and 0.049 (p>0.05), respectively. Similarly, the correlation coefficients between the specific toxicity and potency of the vaccines and the toxic activity of PT accounted for 0.595 (p<0.01) and –0.534 (p<0.01), respectively.

Conclusions. The authors studied the toxic activity of B. pertussis LOS and residual active PT in whole-cell pertussis vaccines and found an inverse correlation between the potency of the vaccines and the toxic activity of residual active PT. The study demonstrated that the specific toxicity test for whole-cell pertussis vaccines fails to detect and quantify B. pertussis LOS in the samples. The authors advise to determine the content of LOS in the B. pertussis strains intended for the production of whole-cell pertussis vaccines, which is not yet an accepted practice in the Russian Federation.
Lyophilisation of bacterial test strains in a manifold-type apparatus: Effects of freezing and drying parameters, ampoule fill volume, and cotton filter density
Authors: Voropaev A. A. , Fadeikina O. V. , Ermolaeva T. N. , Davydov D. S. 
Published: October 2023

Scientific relevance. Lyophilisation is the preferred method at the National Collection of Pathogenic Microorganisms (NCPM) of the Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. Lyophilisation is used to provide for high standards of test-strain deposition, storage, and transportation and to ensure that test strains maintain their properties. Successful lyophilisation requires conducting experiments to establish the key parameters and critical conditions of the process.

Aim. The study aimed to evaluate the effects that the speed and time of freezing, the time of drying, the fill volume of ampoules, and the density of cotton filters have on the quality of NCPM indicator microorganisms lyophilised in a manifold-type apparatus.

Materials and methods. Pseudomonas aeruginosa NCTC 12924, Staphylococcus aureus NCTC 10788, and Salmonella Abony NCTC 6017 were freeze-dried using a manifold-type apparatus (M. S. R. 18, Usifroid). The authors used a low-temperature freezer at –70±2 °C for slow freezing and a mixture of dry ice and alcohol for quick freezing. The statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel and Statistica 10.

Results. The minimum time needed for freezing the samples in a low-temperature freezer at –70±2 °C was 4 hours. Further storage at this temperature for up to 1 month was shown possible without compromising the quality of the final product. The time needed for freezing the samples in a mixture of dry ice and alcohol was under 1 minute. No differences in quality parameters were observed between the lyophilised samples frozen slowly or quickly, except for the cake appearance. Quick freezing resulted in cakes that were non-uniform, crumbled, and pulled away from the ampoule walls, which is considered undesirable. The primary drying stage for ampoules with a fill volume of 0.2 mL took 6–8 hours. The secondary drying stage of 11, 18, 35, and 59 hours resulted in comparable lyophilisate quality: the authors observed no statistically significant differences in viable cell counts (CFU/mL) at the end of lyophilisation and at the end of stress testing. The residual moisture content after 59-hour secondary drying was less than 2%. The cotton filter density had a critical influence on the lyophilisate quality. Therefore, the authors recommend using cotton filters weighing 50 mg or less.

Conclusions. The authors analysed the main stages of the lyophilisation process used for NCPM test strains and considered the effects that the speed and time of freezing, the time of drying, the fill volume of ampoules, and the density of cotton filters have on the quality of the final lyophilised product. The NCPM has implemented the results of this study in its work.
Comparative safety evaluation of intranasal and intramuscular immunisation with Ad26 and Ad5-vectored vaccines to prevent coronavirus infection
Authors: Zuev E. V. , Evdokimova O. L. , Markova O. A. , Korotkevich I. A. , Grigorieva T. V. , Khamitov R. A.
Published: October 2023

Scientific relevance. Intranasal vaccination may dramatically change current approaches to mass immunisation against various infections, shifting the focus from inducing systemic humoral and cellular immune responses to developing mucosal immunity and protective barriers on the mucous membranes, which are entry points for pathogens. Therefore, the safety of switching from intramuscular to intranasal vaccination should be evaluated.

Aim. This study aimed to compare the safety of intranasal and intramuscular vaccination using the intermediate results of the phase III VCI-COV-III clinical trial in healthy volunteers.

Materials and methods. The evaluation of the safety profile was based on the adverse events and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) documented by investigators in the interim report on the randomised, double-blind clinical trial of the Salnavac intranasal vaccine (InV) and the Gam-COVID-Vac intramuscular vaccine (ImV) against coronavirus infection. The report covered 42 days of observation in 137 healthy volunteers.

Results. ADRs were reported for 17/68 (25%) and 30/69 (43.5%) volunteers in the InV group and the ImV group, respectively (p=0.036). The ADRs reported for the InV group were systemic and local, short-term, mostly mild, and generally consistent in incidence and nature with the ADRs typically observed with other nasal products.

Conclusions. According to the preliminary data obtained in the clinical trial, the InV demonstrates a high level of safety. Its safety profile is comparable with those of other intranasal and intramuscular vaccines for the prevention of coronavirus infection.
The Impact of the Active Stage of Labor on Estimate Fetal Weight: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: BARUT Adil
Published: October 2023

Objective: In the literature, there have been few data on ultrasound measurements during the active phase of labor. In this study, it was aimed to compare the accuracy of fetal weight estimation by ultrasound in terms of active phase of labor.

Methods: This was a prospective cohort study at the obstetrics clinic of Esenler Gynecology and Children's Hospital in Istanbul. A total of 85 patients in active labor were included in the study. All pregnant women were evaluated for estimated fetal weight (EFW) by ultrasound evaluation, and cervical dilation and effacement measurements by pelvic examination, at most 24 hours before labor. Hadlock-4 formula was used for EFW. EFW and actual birth weight (ABW) and absolute errors of pregnant women in active labor were compared.

Results: The mean EFW and ABW of the patients were 3161±482 and 3150±476 g, respectively. In terms of EFW and ABW, a finding in favor of the ultrasound was found. The error and error rates between EFW and ABW were found to be 234±191 g and 7.6±6.2, respectively. No significant difference was found in terms of these parameters (p>0.05). A significant and strong (0.80) correlation was found with estimated fetal weights and actual birth weights.

Conclusion: Ultrasound can be used as a safe method to measure estimated fetal weight in the active phase of labor.
Investigation of Condyle Positions in Patients with Temporomandibular Joint Disorder by Cone-Beam Computed Tomography
Authors: AKKOCA Fatma , FADHIL Sadeq Mohammed Taqi , AKYOL Rıdvan
Published: October 2023

Objective: The condylar position refers to the location of the mandibular condyle within the glenoid fossa when the teeth are in maximum intercuspal, and it is an important indicator of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) function. This study aimed to assess the condylar position of the TMJ in patients with TMJ disorder using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Methods: The present study utilized CBCT to evaluate the condylar position of the TMJ in a sample of 56 patients. Among them, 28 patients were asymptomatic while the remaining 28 had been diagnosed with TMJ disease. To evaluate the presence of TMJ disorders, the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders was employed. This diagnostic tool is widely used in clinical and research settings to assess TMJ-related pain and dysfunction.

Results: The agreement was excellent, according to the intra-observer and inter-observer correlation values obtained. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of age and gender distribution. The results showed that the anterior and posterior joint spaces were significantly higher in the symptomatic group compared to the asymptomatic group. However, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of superior joint space and articular eminence inclination values. Gender did not create a significant difference in any parameter.

Conclusion: The results of this study emphasize that CBCT images have an important role in detecting significant changes in condyle position in patients with TMJ disorders. However, further large-scale studies are necessary to validate and enhance the findings.
Retrospective Evaluation of Patients with Traumatic Hand Injuries
Authors: KABLANOĞLU Serkan , ALYANAK Bülent , SADE Ilgın , ÇETİNKAYA Burak , BALCI Sibel , ÇEKMECE Çiğdem
Published: October 2023

Objective: This study aimed to retrospectively examine the demographic, etiologic, and clinical characteristics of patients with traumatic hand-wrist injuries and to profile patients with the goal of contributing to preventive measures and protective programs.

Methods: The records of 225 patients who came to the Hand Rehabilitation Unit of our clinic with a traumatic hand injury in the last 5 years were reviewed retrospectively. Many parameters were recorded, including demographic characteristics such as age, sex, and occupation, as well as information about the injured hand, dominant hand, type of injury, injured tendon and zone, number of affected fingers, and associated structures.

Results: The study included 225 patients. Tendon injuries occurred most frequently in the 3rd decade. Of the injuries, 31.1% were caused by occupational accidents and 55.1% occurred in the dominant hand. Of the tendon injuries, 64% were flexor tendon injuries and 32.4% were extensor tendon injuries. Extensor Digitorum Communis (EDC)-3 tendons were involved in 11.6% of extensor tendon injuries, and Flexor Digitorum Superficialis (FDS)-4/Flexor Digitorum Profundus (FDP)-5 tendons were involved in 18.2% of flexor tendon injuries. In nerve injuries, median and ulnar nerves were equally affected (14.2%).

Conclusion: Tendon injuries primarily affect young male workers, resulting in significant disability and an inability to work. Epidemiologic data can expand our knowledge about injury patterns. Occupational training and the prevention of occupational accidents can help patients improve their functional capacity and minimize their economic burden.
THE EFFECT of PENCAK SILAT SPORTS on PREMENSTRUAL SYNDROME IN FEMALE STUDENTS of THE PENCAK SILAT STUDENT ACTIVITY UNIT at dr. SOEBANDI UNIVERSITY
Authors: Herlidian Putri  , Ai Nur Zannah
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of pencak silat exercise on premenstrual syndrome (PMS) in female students of UKM Pencak Silat.

This  design is correlational analytic with cross sectional method. The population in study were all female members of UKM Pencak Silat University of dr. Soebandi Jember. The sample size in this study was 30. The statistical test is Spearman Rank.

There are a large proportion of respondents with sufficient pencak silat sports (56.7%). Most of the respondents (56.7%) did not experience Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) in the mild category.

The results of the Spearman rank test obtained p value of 0.000 below the value of α (0.05), which means that Ha is accepted. .

There is an influence of pencak silat exercise on premenstrual syndrome (PMS) in female students of UKM Pencak Silat University, dr. Soebandi Jember