bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DIGITAL ORTHODONTICS- A CONTEMPORARY VIEW OF FUTURISTIC PRACTICE
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Faculty Of Dentistry, Najran University,Najran, Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia., Mohammed Alassiry Ahmed
Published: June 2021

The world is going digital and so is the speciality of orthodontics. The knowledge of computers is no longer rudimentary and the application of technology in orthodontics has grown exponentially. Conventional methods of running an orthodontic practice were limited and associated with multiple drawbacks. Owning and running a digital orthodontic practice is the need of the hour and necessity of the future. The aim of this review article is to encourage and promote the orthodontic community to integrate digital elements in their practice. This review article discusses in detail about the various aspects of digital orthodontics involving digital office, study models, three-dimensional imaging, rapid prototyping, virtual treatment planning, artificial intelligence and role of robots. This review article provides an insight into the capabilities and clinical application on currently available digital orthodontic technological systems.
KYSTE MALIN DU SEIN : UN DIAGNOSTIC A GARDER EN TETE MALIGNANT BREAST CYST: A DIAGNOSIS TO KEEP IN MIND
Authors:   Service de Radiologie. Institut National d’Oncologie, Université Mohammed V, RABAT., Imrani K. , ElHarras Y. ,   Service de Radiologie. Institut National d’Oncologie, Université Mohammed V, RABAT., Amalik S. ,   Service de Radiologie. Institut National d’Oncologie, Université Mohammed V, RABAT., Jerguigue H. ,   Service de Radiologie. Institut National d’Oncologie, Université Mohammed V, RABAT., Latib R. ,   Service de Radiologie. Institut National d’Oncologie, Université Mohammed V, RABAT., Omor Y. ,   Service de Radiologie. Institut National d’Oncologie, Université Mohammed V, RABAT.
Published: June 2021

Most breast cysts are benign , but sometimes they can be malignant indicating a microbiopsia with histological study. They must be characterized by mammography and ultrasound in order to guide management.We report the case of a 47-year-old woman with a large left breast cyst whose histological study was in favour of breast carcinoma.
SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION STUDY OF HGXCR2-X S4 COMPOSITE THIN FILMS PREPARED BY CHEMICAL BATH DEPOSITION TECHNIQUE
Authors:   Assistant Professor, P. G. Physics Depertment, R.C. Patel College, Shirpur, Maharashtra, India., B. Patil Harishchandra , B. Ahirrao Rajendrakumar ,   Assistant Professor, Physics Department, Uttamrao Patil College, Dahiwel, Maharashtra, India., N. Pawar Vijay ,   Associate Professor, Physics Department, Sidharth College, Fort, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Published: June 2021

The ternary thin films of composite HgxCr2-xS4 (x = 0.6) have been deposited by simple chemical bath deposition (CBD) technique on glass substrate. The thin films have been deposited at optimized conditions pH at 10 0.1, bath temperature 650C, deposition time 120 minutes. The films were uniform and adherent to glass substrates. They were characterized by structural, optical, and electrical measurement techniques. According to their X-ray diffraction patterns HgxCr2-xS4(x = 0.6) films are crystalline with band gap of 2.4 eV. Scanning electron micrographs showed that the substrates were well covered with films no cracks or pinholes were observed. The electrical resistivity of the films is found to be 1.3703 x 103 Î©-cm to 2.1243 x 103 Î©-cm at temperature range 3030k to 4230K. According to thermoelectric power measurements HgxCr2-xS4(x = 0.6) thin films are of n-type nature.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENT WORKSHEETS BASED ON REALISTIC MATHEMATICS EDUCATION TO IMPROVE THE SIXTH GRADE STUDENTSCRITICAL THINKING ABILITY ON THE MATERIAL OF COUNTING FRACTION OPERATIONS
Authors:   Department of Elementary School Teacher Education, Indonesia Open University., Widyawati Mamik , Sulthon Masyhud M. ,   Department of Elementary School Teacher Education, The University of Jember., a Suparti ,   Department of Elementary School Teacher Education, Indonesia Open University.
Published: June 2021

Mathematics has an important role at every level of education and is a means of solving problems in life. Mathematics will increasingly provide benefits with the support of the ability to think logically-reflective to make rational decisions that are believed to be true. Student worksheets as a learning medium can combine mathematics and critical thinking skills in learning. This study was aimed to produce student worksheets based on realistic mathematics education to improve students critical thinking skills that are valid, practical and effective. The research was conducted by using Borg & Galls R&D design, but only eight steps were taken, in the form of preliminary research, development planning, initial product design development, initial product validation, initial product revision, trial use, product development revision and effectiveness testing product. The research subjects were 58 grade VI students of SDN Sumberagung 01 Jember. The data were collected by using documentation, interview, product validation, and test learning outcomes. After the data were collected, the data were analyzed by using the following techniques: product validation, t-test, and relative effectiveness test. The results of the study stated that the validity of the student worksheet development product showed 93.96% (very worthy), the productivity of the student worksheet product showed 74.71% (practical), the field test results showed that the worksheet product from this study was more effective than with the previous product, and the relative effectiveness level obtained was 62.57% (high effectiveness). Thus, it can be concluded that the product of developing student worksheets based on realistic mathematics education can improve students critical thinking skills on the fraction counting operation material.
COVID-19 AND TOURISM
Authors:   Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India., Alam Mehtab , Parveen Rizwana ,   Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India.
Published: June 2021

With the outbreak of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19), the whole world has been in a total shutdown. It came out as a challenge to just not some specific countries of continents, but to the entire planet. With no preparation for such type of pandemic and the time and effort required to come up with a fully functional and tested vaccine, the planet went down on its knees. Non pharmaceutical methods were the first aid for the outbreak. Unprecedented country wide lockdowns, stay at home decisions, closure of global as well as local travel, closure of public gatherings greatly disrupted the world economy. International travel bans were the first to be practiced which roughly affected 100% of the world population. With restrictions on public gatherings and movement of people, tourism came to a stand-still in March-April 2020. By this time, COVID-19 had reached most of the countries and the virus was spreading like wild fire.
A REVIEW ON CURRENT TRENDS IN ORAL DRUG DELIVERY-FAST DISSOLVING TABLETS
Authors:   Department of Pharmacy, Vaageswari College of Pharmacy, Karimnagar-505001, Telangana, India., Akif Khan Ahmed , Azeem Afra ,   Department of Pharmacy, Vaageswari College of Pharmacy, Karimnagar-505001, Telangana, India.
Published: June 2021

Medication conveyance systems are getting progressively complex as drug researchers gain a superior comprehension of the physicochemical and biochemical parameters appropriate to their performance. In the course of recent many years, Fast Dissolving Tablets (FDTs) have acquired a lot of consideration as a preferred option in contrast to regular oral dose structures like tablets and containers. FDTs are strong unit dosage forms containing therapeutic substances which break down or disintegrate quickly for the most part surprisingly fast, when they interact with saliva, in this manner obviating the prerequisite of water during the administration. Hence, these dosage forms have attracted the market for a specific segment of the patient populace which incorporates dysphagic, incapacitated, mystic, geriatric and pediatric patients. This has supported both the scholarly community and industry to produce new orally breaking down formulations and innovative methodologies in this field. This article centers around the different plan angles, disintegrates utilized and innovations produced for FDTs, alongside different excipients, assessment tests, promoted definitions, future possibilities, and medications investigated in this field.
CAPILLARY DISEASES IN PATIENTS WHO HAD COVID-19
Authors: Balan Cavalcante Giovanna , Lascala Cardoso Julia , Vetorasso Cabrera Mano Valentina , Julia Castellucci Camossatto Maria , Fernanda Maluf Novaes Franco Maria , Novaes Rodrigues Adriana
Published: June 2021

Introduction: The clinical conditions caused by Covid-19 are not fully understood because it is a new pandemic and new pathology. Objective: This study examined the effects of the disease in relation to trichology. Methods: The study was conducted through an online questionnaire, with questions about before and after disease. Results: The two alterations found were alopecia areata and telogen effluvium. Conclusion: The alopecia detected in this study, telogen effluvium and alopecia areata, are related to several other systemic diseases, however SARS - CoV - 2 acts as a trigger in different autoimmune pathways and creates a link between the pathologies described here, generating the need for further investigations.
ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION AMONG INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS STUDYING IN GEORGIA
Authors: Rekhviashvili Ann , Kandashvili Tamar , Giorgobiani Tamar , Gordeladze David
Published: June 2021

Background & objectives:Existence of anxiety and depression among students has growing tendency in the world. Purpose of the study was to determine the prevalence of anxiety and depression among international medical students studying in Georgia and their association with the body weight and blood pressure level. Methods: 70 international medical students (mean ageÂ±SD 22.67Â±2.65) were included in the study. All participantsfilled in anonymous questionnaires, which included socio-demographic data, blood pressure level, presence of diabetes mellitus, eating habits and body mass index (BMI). For an assessment of anxiety and depression was used Hospital Scale of Anxiety and Depression. Results:In comparison with hypertensive or prehypertensive population, normotensive subjects had significantly lower depression and anxiety scores (P<0.001 for both). Hypertensive students had higher anxiety score than prehypertensive individuals (P=0.03). Therefore, depression score was not different between hypertensive and prehypertensive subjects. Study showed a positive correlation between blood pressure, BMI, depression and anxiety scores (P<0.005). Interpretation and conclusion: High prevalence of depression, anxiety, prehypertension, non-healthy eating habits and lifestyle among international medical students points out on the need to identify and treat mental health problems as early as possible to prevent possible serious sequelae. Prevalence of Anxiety and Depression among International Students Studying in Georgia Ann Rekhviashvili MD, PhD.1, Tamar Kandashvili MD, PhD.2, Tamar Giorgobiani3, David Gordeladze MD, PhD.4 1. Affiliation: Associate Professor and Chief of the Internal Medicine Department at the PetreShotadze Tbilisi Medical Academy. Chief of the Arterial Hypertension and Vascular Study Center at the Al. Aladashvili Clinical Hospital. Tbilisi, Georgia. 2. Affiliation: Associate Professor at the Tbilisi State Medical University. Tbilisi, Georgia 3. Affiliation: Assistant Professor at the Tbilisi State Medical University. Tbilisi, Georgia 4. Affiliation: Professor, Chief of the 3rd Department of Internal Medicine at the Tbilisi State Medical University. Tbilisi, Georgia.
HYDATIDOSIS: A MYSTERY BOX AT VARIOUS SITES
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, GMC, Akola, Maharashtra, India., Patil Suwarna , Sarate Dilip ,   Professor and Head, Department of Pathology, GMC, Akola, Maharashtra, India., Khade Manjiri ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, GMC, Akola, Maharashtra, India., Kangate Swarada ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, GMC, Akola, Maharashtra, India., Rudra Pradeep ,   Junior Resident, Department of Pathology,GMC, Akola.
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Hydatid disease caused by the larvae of the cestode Echinococcus, occurs worldwide. Although, hydatid can occur at any site, liver (59-75%), lung (27%) and spleen are the most commonly affected organs. Clinical suspicion along with radiological findings help in the diagnosis of hydatid. Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) plays an important role for initial diagnosis, while histopathology is confirmatory. Aims:This study was carried out to know the various possible sites for hydatid and to understand the approach towards diagnosis. Materials and Methods: The present study was a retrospective five years cross-sectional study, carried out at Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital, in Department of Pathology. Total of 24 cases were found to have hydatidosis. Results: maximum of 12 cases (50%) were seen in 41-60 years of age. liver as most common site of hydatid cyst (11 cases Ã¢Â€Â“ 46%), followed by lung (25%) and spleen (17%). Conclusion: Hydatidosis occurs worldwide with human as the dead-end host. FNAC is the easy, feasible way to diagnose hydatidosis. Histopathology plays the key role in autopsy cases.
HYPOTHYROIDISM AND PSYCHOTIC MANIFESTATIONS: CASE REPORT
Authors:   Department of Psychiatry, Avicenna Military Hospital, Marrakech, Morocco., Guennouni Hassani Hicham , EL Ouadoudi Jallal ,   Department of Psychiatry, Avicenna Military Hospital, Marrakech, Morocco., Rachid Najib ,   Department of Psychiatry, Avicenna Military Hospital, Marrakech, Morocco., Amine Laffinti Mahmoud ,   Department of Psychiatry, Avicenna Military Hospital, Marrakech, Morocco.
Published: June 2021

Thyroid hormones are important for the development, maturation, and function of the central nervous system. While the association between the lack of thyroid hormones in congenital hypothyroidism and profound mental retardation is well documented (Dugbartey 1998), hypothyroidism acquired in adulthood can also manifest itself in a variety of symptoms not only somatic, but also psychiatric especially mood disorders, and anxiety. Psychotic symptoms are rare but are part of this psychic picture. We report the case of a 50-year-old female patient admitted to the psychiatric emergency department for psychomotor agitation of a psychotic appearance, revealing autoimmune hypothyroidism. This observation underlines the need not to underestimate the responsibility of the thyroid hormonal balance in the onset of psychotic manifestations, and to eliminate dysthyroidism before any psychotropic treatment.
CAA 2019: FOR AND AGAINST
Authors:   M.Phil. Research Scholar, Center for Deendayal Upadhyay Studies, CUHP, Sapta Sindhu Parisar Dehra kangra-177101(H.P.)., Kumar Amar , a Vishal ,   Ph.D. Research Scholar, Department of Political Science, HPU, Summer Hill Shimla-171005(H.P.).
Published: June 2021

Citizenship Amendment Act was passed in parliament in 2019 that renders citizenship to persecuted minorities of Indias three neighboring countries i.e., Bangladesh, Pakistan and Afghanistan. Subsequently, wave of protests emerged to oppose this law. Jamia University and different parts of India had seen such protests somewhere it took the shape of violence. Assamese people have their apprehension of illegal immigrants irrespective of religion. But somewhere this bill is colored with religious color as it didnt mention about persecution of Ahmadis in Pakistan. On the other hand why they chose only three neighboring countries, why not Sri-Lanka and Myanmar. Supporters of this law asserted that it is going to defend persecuted minorities who are living in these three countries. And India is playing its duty on its mantra of humanity is first. But on the other hand, opposes alleged this law bias in favor of Hindus and damage very fundamental Structure of constitution. We draw both points in detail. In the introduction, we covered its fundamental feature, then analyzed views in Opposition and at the last views that vindicated this law.
SYNDROME DE GAYET-WERNICKE PAR CARENCE VITAMINIQUE SUR VOMISSEMENTS GRAVIDIQUES INCOERCIBLES AVEC HYPERTHYROIDIE
Authors:   Service de Gynecologie Obstetrique et Endoscopie Gynecologique, Maternite Souissi, Chu Ibn Sina, Universite Mohamed V, Rabat, Maroc., Kallali Abdelali , Ouzaa Aziza ,   Hopital Maternite Sante De Reproduction Les Orangers -Universite Mohammed V- Rabat., Rhemimet Manar ,   Service de Gynecologie Obstetrique et Endoscopie Gynecologique, Maternite Souissi, Chu Ibn Sina, Universite Mohamed V, Rabat, Maroc., Boujida Sarah ,   Service de Gynecologie Obstetrique et Endoscopie Gynecologique, Maternite Souissi, Chu Ibn Sina, Universite Mohamed V, Rabat, Maroc., Baidada Aziz ,   Service de Gynecologie Obstetrique et Endoscopie Gynecologique, Maternite Souissi, Chu Ibn Sina, Universite Mohamed V, Rabat, Maroc.
Published: June 2021

Lencephalopathie de Wernicke est causee par une carence severe en thiamine il est surtout observe chez les patients alcooliques, Nous rapportons le cas dune femme de 34 ans a 10 SA, avec une hyperemesisgravidarum severe. Elle a presente une confusion avec surdite bilaterale brutale avec crise convulsive tonico-clonique . Limagerie magnetique par resonance a montreun aspect en faveur dun syndrome de Gayet-Wernicke, sur carence vitaminique devant le contexte de vomissements. Le diagnostic dencephalopathie de Wernicke a ete confirme plus tard par un faible taux serique de thiamine. 4 semaines plus tard , une aspiration a ete realisee apres amelioration clinique suite a une supplementation en vitamine B1 et correction de lhyperthyroidie gestationnelle. Lencephalopathie de Wernicke est une complication rare de lhyperemese gravidique. Il doit etre diagnostique le plus tot possible pour eviter des sequelles neurologiques a long terme ou le deces. Une supplementation en thiamine chez les femmes enceintes presentant des vomissements prolonges doit etre instauree. La supplementation precoce en thiamine reduira la morbidite maternelle et le taux de perte fÃƒÂ…Ã‚Â“tale.
THE STRATEGY OF STATE-DEFEND AWARENESS DEVELOPMENTIN PREVENTING NON-MILITARY THREAT IN INDONESIA (A STUDY IN THE BEKASI REGION OF JAVA PROVINCEFROM 2016 TO 2020)
Authors:   Indonesian Defense University., Samuel Lumban Toruan Tahan , Ahmad Dadang R Deni ,   Indonesian Defense University., Widyastuti Henny ,   Indonesian Defense University.
Published: June 2021

Bekasi Regency is deemed as the pillar of Indonesian capital city considering from its strategic values in terms of the political, economic, socio-cultural, and also the defense-security aspects. The population of Bekasi Regency is relatively dense, and its location is directly bordered with Special Capital District of Jakarta. This situation causes the social life in Bekasi Regency being highly influenced by the lifestyle of citizen in the capital city such as seen in the criminal issues, togetherness, environmental awareness, etc. The objective of this study is to analyze the implementation, obstacles faced in the implementation, and strategy used in the state-defense awareness development activities for the citizens residing the Bekasi regency area in order to prevent any non-military threats. This research implements qualitative-descriptive method with case-study approach. The evaluation model applied in this research is CIPP evaluation. The subject of this research are any stakeholders that is eligible in providing the data in accordance to the need of this research, and the samples are selected through purpose sampling method. The data are acquired through interviews, observations, and literary studies. The findings presented that the state-defense awareness development activitiesare only conducted incidentally, hence they are not conducted regularly by the territorial unit in the location. This is due to the consideration that state-defense awareness development activities are not a priority. As the consequence, the formula of the strategy in the development activities is not yet accurate. Therefore, the right strategy that has been adjusted to the characteristic of the local region is necessary as the attempt to prevent any non-military threats to occur in Bekasi Regency area.
PHILOSOPHY, LOGIC AND PRAGMATIC PRESUPPOSITION
Authors:   (M.A., Ph.D. SET) Associate Professor, Department of English, KBP Mahavidyalaya (Autonomous), Pandharpur (MS) INDIA-413304., S. Mane Samadhan
Published: June 2021

Presupposition has long history in philosophy of language and linguistic semantics. Recent works in linguistics have given a central place to the notion of presupposition. It is studied as an essential aspect in providing semantic as well as pragmatic representations. Resultantly, presupposition has obtained a significant place in linguists, logicians and philosophers spheres of interest. It has been studied as a kind of unspoken information that accompanies an utterance. Moreover, presuppositions perform a significant role in our understanding of how context and background determine proper interpretation of any utterance. They are studied as conditions which must be fulfilled for an expression to be interpreted meaningfully.
PLC AND HMI FOR CONVEYOR MONITORING AND FAULT DETECTION
Authors:   Department of Electrical Engineering, Jaywantrao Sawant College of Engineering, Pune, India., Deshkar Mrunal , Padhi Dipanjali ,   Department of Electrical Engineering, Jaywantrao Sawant College of Engineering, Pune, India.
Published: June 2021

The conveyor is usually used in industries to transport the commodity from one end to another, and can use it anywhere. As the occurrence of faults can affect the entire generation of power, the monitoring and security of these conveyors is important. Using relay logic methods, which have many drawbacks, the safety of the conveyors is carried out, and a new method is therefore required. This paper focuses on the monitoring, control, and safety of conveyors against different types of conveyor faults using a programmable logic controller (plc). This work considers four significant types of faults that commonly occur in conveyors, such as belt sway fault, pull chord fault, zero speed fault, and fire safety.
THE NEED TO INTEGRATE ZAKAT AND WAKAF IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MICRO TAKAFUL MODEL
Authors:   Research Centre for Sharia, Faculty of Islamic Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia., Ilahi Mohd Sabri Ihsan , Abdul Rahim Nik Abdul Ghani Nik ,   Research Centre for Sharia, Faculty of Islamic Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia., Alisa Ahmad Azlin ,   Research Centre for Sharia, Faculty of Islamic Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
Published: June 2021

Micro Takaful is an affordable alternative protection policy for those who cannot afford a high-end level protection policy. However, many in the low-income group do not own a personal or family protection policy because they cannot afford the monthly premium rates. Zakat and wakaf could become an alternative source of funds for developing micro takaful. This qualitative study intends to explain the need to integrate zakat funds and wakaf in order to develop micro takaful. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews involving three institutions, namely Syarikat Takaful Malaysia Keluarga Berhad, Muftis Office in the Federal Territories Islamic Religious Council and the Muftis Office in the Selangor Islamic Religious Council. Findings show that there are two major pressing needs for integrating zakat and wakaf, which are to provide a huge risk savings fund and to support an insufficient zakat fund and wakaf.
A SURVEY TO ASSESS THE AWARENESS AND KNOWLEDGE OF CLINICAL STUDENTS(III &IV BDS), INTERNS, AND POSTGRADUATES ON DENTAL CONSIDERATIONS OF PATIENTS WITH SOME SYSTEMIC DISEASES IN ANDHRA PRADESH - AN ONLINE SURVEY
Authors:   Postgraduate Student, Department of Prosthodontics, Lenora Institute of Dental Sciences, NTR University, Andhra Pradesh., T.L.G Sravanthi , B.L Rao ,   Professor & Head, Department of Prosthodontics, Lenora Institute of Dental Sciences, NTR University, Andhra Pradesh., Kumari Singh Nibha ,   Reader, Department of Prosthodontics, Lenora institute of Dental Sciences, NTR University, Andhra Pradesh., T.S.V Satyanarayana ,   Reader, Department of Prosthodontics, Lenora institute of Dental Sciences, NTR University, Andhra Pradesh., Teja G. Krishna ,   Postgraduate Student, Department of Prosthodontics, Lenora Institute of Dental Sciences, NTR University, Andhra Pradesh., K. Aditya ,   Postgraduate Student, Department of Prosthodontics, Lenora Institute of Dental Sciences, NTR University, Andhra Pradesh.
Published: June 2021

Aim of the study: To assess the awareness and knowledge of clinical students (III& IVBDS), interns, and postgraduates on dental considerations of patients with some systemic diseases in Andhra Pradesh. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire was made and uploaded in the form of google sheets. The survey was performed electronically for about three months, from February 1st, 2020, to May 1st, 2020. Finally, the results were obtained in the form of pie charts and were represented systematically by using Docs Editors softwarein google forms. Results: A total of 500 members participated in the survey, out of which 63 percent of the people responded, and 37 percent of the people did not respond. Conclusion:There is a need to inculcate information and knowledge about systemic diseases and their preventions and precautions to be taken while performing a dental treatment, particularly in clinical students.
EFFECTIVENESS OF E-MODULE REGARDING COMPUTER VISION SYNDROME AND ITS MANAGEMENT: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY
Authors:   Professor, Chirayu College Of Nursing., Shrivastava Shikha
Published: June 2021

Computer vision syndrome (CVS) is a condition in which a person experiences one or more of eye symptoms as a result of prolonged working on a computer(1). Effectiveness of e- module on knowledge regarding computer vision syndrome and its management among computer professionals, 200 samples were selected for the study. The design adopted for the study was one group pre testpost test design. The finding shows that there is a significant difference between pre test and post test result, Z test value was 37.4which were significant at 0.05 level.
MOTOR, PLAY AND SELF-CARE SKILLS: AN INDEX OF CHILDRENS PRE-INDICATIONS
Authors:   Child Development Instructor, Central Mindanao University, University Town, Musuan, Maramag 8710, Bukidnon, Philippines., Niko L. Cempron , MA Daryl
Published: June 2021

The construct of this inquiry had been drawn from the lensing of developmental progression of children in the College of Human Ecology Nursery Development Center. This work sought at presenting an index showing how children perform the basic tasks expected of them in terms of motor, self-care, and play skills using the development checklist. Results showed that the majority were observed to have performed the developmental milestones despite the absence of certain learning materials and facilities. The observances of these milestones significantly indicated that the children could perform the movement tasks that are crucial in their age they manifested a sense of independence as they could do certain tasks independently, and they were capable of relating to other children especially during play, which is essential for their overall development. Indicatively, a few were not observed to have performed certain tasks. These inobservances may entail difficulties in the aforesaid developmental areas which may hinder the childrens progress and growth in the future if actions will not be taken. The findings all in all were deemed as an important catalog for appropriate actions and as a baseline at tracking the development of the children whilst in the nursery development center.
TEACHING LEARNING PROCESS OF SCIENCE CLASSROOM AT SECONDARY LEVEL SCHOOLS: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY
Authors:   Research Scholar, Regional Institute of Education, Bhubaneswar, India., a Aashish , Kumar Vishal ,   Research Scholar, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya, India.
Published: June 2021

The objective of this paper is to find out the profile of teachers teaching science at secondary level and to study the classroom transaction process of science at secondary level with reference to constructivist approach of teaching. The study was conducted through qualitative method. For this study researcher selected 20 secondary schools from Vaishali district of Bihar, India. The investigator used information blank for teachers for developing their profile and observation schedule for examining teaching learning process. The investigator used frequency, percentage and qualitative descriptions and accordingly interpretations are made. The study found that i) Teachers teaching science are well qualified as 60.86% have B.Sc., B.Ed. and 39.13% have M.Sc., B.Ed. qualification, ii) 30.43% of science teachers have attended in-service programmes like science pedagogy, ICT in teaching etc. organised in last three years, iii) 78.26% of teachers never test the previous knowledge before teaching and 73.91% of teachers never engage students to create interest to topics, iv) 82.60% of teachers never encourage learners for asking questions in class and 86.95% of teachers distributes questions throughout class, v) 78.26% of science teachers never use locally available things as teaching learning materials and illustrates concepts with variety of examples from the local context, 82.60% of teachers never change method as per the mood of learners, vi) 52.17% of teachers never allow students to interact with each other in class, 78.26% of teachers never encourage group work and 91.30% of students never activates learners during teaching in class, vii) no teachers teaches how to learn a topic, suggests other learning materials for references and uses ICT in classroom. 60.86% of teachers never encourage self-reflection, 91.30% of teachers never encourage divergent thinking among learners and 73.91% of teachers never focus on process of learning in class, viii) 86.95% of teachers never asks questions as per the objectives of the lesson, ask question beyond textbook and provides home assignment that requires enquiry. The study has suggested implications for teachers, teacher educators and government to improve quality of science education at secondary level.
ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF BACTERIOLOGICAL COMPOSITION OF SOME SELECTED VEGETABLES LEAVES SOLD IN MARKETS
Authors:   Department of Physics, Kogi State College of Education, Ankpa, Kogi State, Nigeria., A. Musa Sunday
Published: June 2021

Vegetables are an essential dietary source of nutrients and fiber for the health and wellbeing of human beings. The demand for vegetables has increased substantially in recent years. However, research has linked vegetable consumption with various pathogenic bacteria that are of public health concern. The present study was designed to isolate and identify the bacteriological composition of fluted pumpkin, bitter leaf, and scent leaf commonly sold at various markets in Kogi State. These bacteria were studied using standard microbiological methods. The serial dilution method was employed. The result shows that the three samples of vegetables collected from different vendors contain the microbial load. Bitter leaf has the higher bacteria load, followed by pumpkin leaf with a moderate bacteria load, while scent leaf has the lowest plate count. The bacteria isolated are pseudomonas species, Bacillus, Erwinia spp, streptococcus. The sample contains an unacceptable number of bacteria recommended by the world health organization. Therefore, to safeguard the health of the final consumer, there should be proper washing of vegetables with clean water and disinfect the bacteria with sodium chloride(salt).
ROLE OF MATH GAME APPS ON ATTITUDE TOWARDS MATHEMATICS AMONG PRIMARY STUDENTS IN KOGI STATE
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Kogi State College Education, Ankpa., a Gideon , b Haruna ,   Department of Mathematics, Kogi State College Education, Ankpa., A. Umar Mohammed ,   Department of Computer Science, Kogi State College Education, Ankpa.
Published: June 2021

Mathematics is an essential part of the Nigerian education vision. Mathematics is widely perceived as a tedious and challenging subject to learn. Thus, math avoidance behavior is a trend that cuts across culture and is pervasive among young learners. Research has pointed the relevance of computer games in learning mathematics. Therefore, the current study is aimed to examine the role of math game apps on the attitude of primary school students in Kogi State of Nigeria towards mathematics. A quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-tests and two groups (experimental and control) were adopted. Primary school students in Kogi State made up the population of the study. Eighty-three (n = 83) students comprising males and females within the age range of 7 â€“ 11 years and mean age of (M=9.12) and (SD= 1.22) were randomly pooled from selected public primary schools in Kogi State as the study participants. The students were assigned to groups, with group A as the experimental group, while group B represents the control group. Before the main studys commencement, students attitude towards mathematics was established (pre-test) using an attitude towards mathematics questionnaire. In the post-test study, the treatment group student (group A) was exposed to a math game app (Prodigy Math). The result showed that the gaming app significantly influenced the experimental groups attitude towards mathematics (M = 43.81, SD = 9.54) compared to the control group (M = 32.15, SD = 5.27). An independent t-test conducted to determine the group differences in attitude towards mathematics established that math gaming apps influenced the participants attitude towards mathematics at MD = 11.66 (95% CI, 7.92 to 15.16), t (81) = 6.317, p = .001. The study recommends that the use of gaming app should be embedded in the school curriculum.
ULTRASOUND, INTERFERENCE CURRENT, AND EXERCISE FOR RECURRENT KNEE PAIN DUE TO OSTEOARTHRITIS
Authors:   Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Medical University of Sofia, Bulgaria., Nikolova-Shopova S. , Aleksiev A. ,   Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Medical University of Sofia, Bulgaria., Zaralieva A. ,   Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Medical University of Sofia, Bulgaria.
Published: June 2021

Introduction:- To study the effectiveness of ultrasound, interference current, and exercise in recurrent knee pain due to osteoarthritis and to find the optimal frequency, intensity, and duration of exercise. Materials and methods:- Twelve outpatients (age 67.16 Â± 7.89 years) with recurrent knee pain due to osteoarthritis were followed for one month. They were treated with interference current, ultrasound, and exercise for two weeks. All patients were instructed to perform the exercises as often as possible, for as long as possible, and as intensively as possible at home for one month. The pain was reported on a visual analog scale daily for two weeks and after one month. In the beginning, in the middle, and at the end of the month were recorded knee mobility, the periarticular muscle strength, frequency, intensity, and duration of the exercises. Results:- During the two-week course the pain was decreasing every following day (P>0.05). Over the weekend the pain increased (P<0.05). After two weeks and after one month improved the pain (P<0.05), knee mobility (P>0.05), and muscle strength (P>0.05). There was a significant correlation and regression between pain and exercise frequency (P<0.05). If the exercise frequency is greater than five times a day, the pain regressively tends to zero (P>0.05). There was no correlation between pain and exercise intensity (P>0.05) and between pain and exercise duration (P>0.05). Discussion:- The pain decrease during the week and its increase during the weekend show that interference current, ultrasound, and exercise have a short-term analgesic effect. Improving all parameters after two weeks and after one month shows that exercise has a long-term effect. Frequent, short, and low-intensity exercise is recommended due to the correlation with regression between pain and exercise frequency, in the absence of a correlation between pain and intensity or duration of exercise. The recommended frequency of exercise is five times a day, as at this frequency the pain tends to disappear. Conclusion:- The combination of ultrasound, interference current, and exercise is effective in recurrent knee pain due to osteoarthritis. Short and low-intensity exercises with a frequency of more than five times a day are optimal.
MARKETING MANAGEMENT IN THE STATE OWNED ENTERPRISES OF MIZORAM
Authors:   Associate Professor, Govt. Hrangbana College, Aizawl:Mizoram., a Lalbiakzuali
Published: June 2021

This paper analyses the marketing management practices and their implications for the SOEs in the state of Mizoram. The success and continuous growth of an enterprise depends heavily on marketing ability. Finance, operations, accounting and other business functions will not really matter if there isnt sufficient demand for products or services so the company can make profit. The five state-owned enterprises under study are incorporated as government companies with the objective of marketing a product or a service. They are, therefore, obligated to create customers and meet their needs satisfactorily. The objective is to analyze the marketing practices so as to find the reasons for failure and look for possible solutions.
FUNCTIONAL OUTCOME OF PLATELET-RICH PLASMA INJECTIONS GIVEN IN OSTEOARTHRITIS KNEE IN TERTIARY CARE CENTER
Authors:   Post-Graduate Resident Department of Orthopaedics, Government Medical College, Jammu., Singh Raina Gagandeep , Singh Gagandeep ,   Post-Graduate Resident Department of Orthopaedics, Government Medical College, Jammu., Gupta Sanjeev ,   Professor and Head, Department of Orthopaedics, Government Medical College, Jammu.
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Osteoarthritis(OA) knee cases are increasing day by day and with no established cure of disease only palliative ( analgesics ) therapy is given.Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection aim at reducing the pain as well as causing regeneration of articular cartilage partially reversing the disease process. Methods: 49 patients with OA were given PRP injection and followed up for a period of 48 weeks . Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index(WOMAC) wasused to evaluate the results of the study. Results: Patients showed marked improvement in symptoms after the PRP injection but patients having higher body mass index( BMI ) had relatively poorer response totherapy. Conclusion: Our study concluded that PRP injection is an effective modality in the treatment of OA knee whose long term effects are yet to be determined.
INNOVATIVE TEACHING - LEARNING PRACTICES: AN INTEGRATIVE APPROACH OF FACILITATING CHANGE
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Post Graduate Studies in Education and Research, R.V. Teachers College (IASE), Bengaluru, India., B. Nanaware Rajkumar , Sharma Neha ,   P G Scholar, Department of Post Graduate Studies in Education and Research, R.V. Teachers College, (IASE), Bengaluru, India.
Published: June 2021

In this transforming universe, the whole ball of wax, materialistic and non-materialistic, is changing their original forms. The attitude of the human beings is also changed. Attitude is one of the aspects of identifying people by observing the behavior, action, and the way of looking the things in a different way. Every human being has their own point of view towards any person, thing, and event. Like that teachers also have the different viewpoints regarding any noun. There are standard changes seen in teaching-learning process, the ideal change from the traditional classroom teaching to modern Information and Communication Technology (ICT) based teaching. For joyful learning, effective teaching, and to achieve the set objectives there are vivid innovative ideas are adopted. The teacher educators use those practices to teach students in teacher education institutions to produce competent, skilled, efficient, and proficient teachers. Role play, team teaching, individualized learning, mobile learning, flipped learning, blended learning etc. are some of the examples of innovative practices. But there are various factors that constitute problems in implementing these new ideas. It is very much needed to overcome from all these problems and issues and keep going with the emerging trends in the field of education.
ISOLATE ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI FROM LOCAL CATHARANTHUS ROSEUS AND ANALYZE THEIR EXTRACELLULAR ENZYME ACTIVITIES
Authors:   Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST)., Chi Mai Nguyen , Thi Hoe Pham ,   Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST)., Huong Giang Vu ,   Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST)., Quynh Lien Le ,   Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST)., Tuong Van Nguyen ,   Institute of Biotechnology, VAST., My Linh Tran ,   Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST).
Published: June 2021

Endophytic microbia are known as natural sources for producing valuable enzymes. In this study, four endophytic fungi were isolated from roots of local Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don var. roseus (purple flower) and C. roseus var. ocellatus (red stamens white flower) widely grown in Nha Trang. They were identified as Fusarium solani RN1, Chaetomium funicola RN3, Penicillium rugulosum RN4 and Chaetomium homopilatum WN1 based on morphologies colonies and spores. The activity analysis of their extracellular enzymes indicted all isolated endophytic fungi are able to produce protease, cellulose, xylanase as well as amylase. This is the first report on the endophytic fungi inhabited in C. roseus plant growing in the coastal regions of Vietnam, which could provide an attractive source for bioactive enzyme exploitation.
3 R FRAMEWORK FOR EARLY CHILDHOOD LEARNINGIN THE PANDEMIC ERA AND BEYOND
Authors: Arun Tiwari Garima
Published: June 2021

This framework is an outcome of our regular interaction with the parents community in the past year.Last year post lockdown parents reached out to us concerned about developmental issues with their kids. How can we make some engaging fun-learning supplies to support home-based learning? It was not to discount the effort schools have put to cope with this sudden change in education delivery. The idea was to augment the efforts for the overall development of their child.Our continuous interaction with parents led us to launch a survey to understand the impact on larger groups across India. We will be releasing a second report on this framework after we have analysed the data collected.The framework proposed here focuses on renewing the strategy for child development adopted so far in light of the unforeseen situation created by the pandemic. It enables parents and teachers to work in tandem to create a conducive environment for the overall development of a child.The report will showcase how the early childhood community can help ensure that our future generation is less impacted because of restrictions imposed due to coronavirus.We have also taken inferences from various research and reports published in the last year across the globe that highlight the impact Covid19 had on kids and their development. We have given concise insights on what kids were missing last year. What steps to take to create the right development opportunity for kids this year?Finally, it will provide a way forward, what we early childhood community can do to fill these gaps with our collective effort and ensure the overall development for all our kids in the early childhood learning phase.
THYROID DISORDERS IN PATIENTS WITH MELASMA
Authors:   Associate Professor and Head of Dermatology Department at Karachi Institute of Medical Sceinces (KIMS), Malir Cant, Karachi., Niaz Furquana , Shams Nadia ,   Professor& HOD Medicine at Rawal Institute of Medical Sceinces, Islamabad., a Waquarahmed ,   ConsultantPeadiatrician at WWL NHS Trust, UK., b Sadafasim ,   Associate Professor at Dept of Dermatology, Dow International Medical College, DUHS., Maryum Humera ,   Professor at Dermatology Dept of fazaia Ruth Pfau Medical College,Karachi., Ahmed Sheikh Irfan ,   Professor & HOD Dermatology at Chandka Medical college/Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Medical University, Larkana., Islam Nayyerul ,   Professor, Associate Dean of Faculty & HOD Medicine, Karachi Institute of Medical Sceinces, Karachi., Bashir Farhat ,   Professor of Medicine at Medicne Department UMDC, Karachi.
Published: June 2021

Background and objectives: Melasma, a common pigmentary disorder is major cosmetic concernamong patients. The aim of our study was to determine the frequency of thyroid disorders in melasma cases. Methodology: Thisobservational study was conducted at RIHS DermatologyDepartment Islamabad from 20thFebâ€“20thMay 2021. Diagnosed cases of melasma (>18 years) were selected via consecutive sampling technique.Themedically/surgically treated cases of thyroid, melasma secondary to other dermatosis, organ failure, Addisons disease, pregnancy and subclinical thyroid disorders were excluded. After detailed clinical evaluation, thyroid status documented on the basis of thyroid function tests. Data analysed by SPSS with significant p-value<0.05. Results: Amongst 150 melasma cases 117(78%) females and 33(22%) males, mean age was 35.45+9.68 years. 36(24%) were euthyroid, 109(72.7%) hypothyroid and 5(3.3%) hyperthyroid. Mean TSH was 1.82+18.64 mIU/L. 75(50%) had epidermal, 38(25.3%) dermal and 37(24.7%) mixed melasma, hypothyroidism frequent in all three types. Dermal melasma frequent in 41-50 years, epidermal in 20-30 years and mixed in 31-40 years. Thyroid status had significant association with age group, hypothyroidism more common in 41-50 years and Euthyroid in <30 years. Obesity observed in 55(36.7%) having significant association with hypothyroidism. Mandibular melasma observed in 88%, malar 77.3%, centro-facial18.7% and neck melasma 9.3%. Conclusion: Thyroid disorders, particularly hypothyroidism is frequent among melasma cases.Authors recommend to screen all melasma cases regardless of age or gender for thyroid disorders, in particular obese cases. The diagnosis and management of thyroid disease in melasma cases may improve quality of life, prevent thyroid related complications and improve outcome of melasma treatment.
REDES MOLECULARES: UMA ANÁLISE SOBRE ANOTAÇÕES E DESCOBERTA DE NOVOS ATIVOS
Authors: Pilon Alan , Vieira Natália , Amaral Juliano , Monteiro Afif , Silva Ricardo , Spíndola Laila , Castro-Gamboa Ian , Lopes Norberto
Published: June 2021

MOLECULAR NETWORKS: AN ANALYSIS ON ANNOTATIONS AND DISCOVERY OF NEW ASSETS. To speed up the discovery of bioactive natural products (NP), chemists have sought advanced approaches in analytical and computational chemistry in attempt to organize and extract information from large data sets. In this sense, the molecular networks (MN) successfully organized enormous sets of mass spectrometry (MS) data together with samples metadata information in an intuitive visualization in the spectral similarity networks format. GNPS (Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking), a free online platform for storing and processing MSn data, is a leading application of spectral matching with public databases aimed at the dereplication and discovery of new bioactive products through molecular networks. In this review, we address the concept of GNPS spectral similarity networks, as well as their complementary computational tools, benefits and limitations applied in NP studies associated with dereplication, chemical ecology, functional genetics and determination of biosynthetic pathways.