bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estructura de hardware y software para el hospedaje y ejecución de rutinas de comportamiento autónomo en vehículos aéreos no tripulados
Authors: Araya Castillo Pablo Andrés
Published: May 2020

El Grupo Integrado de Ingeniería (GII) es un grupo de I+D de la Universidad de La Coruña que posee una línea de investigación de vehículos aéreos no tripulados (UAV, del inglés unmanned aerial vehicle). Han trabajado en múltiples aplicaciones con UAVs usando el autopiloto Pixhawk. Los vehículos reciben instrucciones de un mando remoto a la vez que envían información del estado de vuelo a una computadora de control en tierra (CCT) para visualizar lo que está pasando durante la ejecución de una misión.Sin embargo, los UAVs eran incapaces de ejecutar tareas que involucraran comportamiento autónomo, además de que la comunicación con la CCT no era suficientemente fluída para visualizar el vuelo correctamente.Para solucionar el problema se implementó una estructura funcionalmente flexible de hardware y software en un UAV, que incluyó una mini PC a bordo en la cual se pueden programar rutinas de vuelo tanto autónomas como no autónomas, que le dan instrucciones al Pixhawk directamente. Además en una CCT se visualiza el estado de vuelo con una comunicación más fluída y las decisiones que está tomando el vehículo.Se verificó el correcto funcionamiento de la estructura a través de simulaciones y se validó con un vuelo de prueba autónomo, en el cual el UAV decidió y ejecutó su propia ruta de acuerdo a las condiciones de la misión programada.
Diseño de paisaje para el bienestar humano:pautas de diseño
Authors: Largaespada Estephania
Published: May 2020

Un proyecto arquitectónico que es fuertemente concebido como un diseño integral, relacionando aspectos del entorno cultural, sistemas político - económicos y el desarrollo urbanístico, no puede dejar de lado el diseño paisajístico.

A través de este artículo, se busca evidenciar la importancia del entorno natural en la vida del ser humano. Además brindar una nueva perspectiva hacia el paisajismo como un recurso promotor de la salud y el bienestar físico, mental y social.

Se plantea el aprovechamiento los recursos naturales como medio para fomentar el bienestar de la población costarricense como una iniciativa a seguir. Se establecen una serie de pautas y directrices con el fin generar una guía para ser aplicada en proyectos arquitectónicos y poner en evidencia el potencial que tiene el paisajismo como recurso promotor de la salud pública.
Is a confidence needed in learning mathematics?
Authors: Faradiba Surya Sari , Alifiani Alifiani
Published: May 2020

Metacognitive blindness is often found in students with unsatisfactory academic performance. However, this study aims to reveal the process of metacognitive blindness that occurs during problem solving experienced by students with quite good academic performance. The data collected is in the form of words obtained through interviews and pictures of the work of research subjects. Description of data analysis and interpretation of the meaning of findings using text analysis. Analysis is carried out in all phases of problem solving, including analyzing, exploring, planning steps to solve problems, implementing a problem solving plan, and checking again. The results of qualitative analysis show that subjects who are students with good academic performance can experience anomalous results during the problem solving process. In this study, the anomalous result in question is a condition where the subject feels anomaly during the problem solving process, where the anomaly is actually not there. In this case, subjects who have good academic performance tend to have too much confidence. This makes the performance in the problem-solving process less optimal.
Partnerships in mathematics and science teacher preparation in Zimbabwe
Authors: Matorevhu Alois
Published: May 2020

Research evidence indicates that collaborative partnerships among stakeholders develop strong sense of ownership, interest and commitment, which promotes successful programme implementation. Research evidence also supports that loose partnerships adversely affect programme implementation.  This study sought to explore the nature of partnerships among teacher education stakeholders in the pre–service Diploma in Education programme, offered at Teachers’ College S which is an associate of the University of Zimbabwe. Interviews with mentor teachers, pre-service teachers on attachment teaching practice/practicum, and head teachers were used to generate and collect data. Findings revealed existence of collaborative partnerships among Teachers’ College S, schools and the University of Zimbabwe. However, most mentor teachers expressed concern on absence of a policy guiding their operations. Recommendations to strengthen collaborative partnerships in pre–service teacher preparation were made.
EXPRESSIVE SPEECH ACTS IN THE STATUSES OF THE FACEBOOK USERS
Authors: Syafitri Widdya
Published: May 2020

This research is conducted based on two purposes; they are to identify the types of expressive speech act found in the statuses of the Facebook users, and to explain the modes of expressive utterance used in the statuses. Therefore, the data source is the social network that is Facebook and the data are the statuses of the Facebook users. The data are collected by using observational method, followed by non-participant observational technique and taking-note technique. The data analysis is based on pragmatic identity method proposed by Sudaryanto (2015) which is also supported by the theory of the types of expressive speech act by Ronan (2015), and theory about the modes of utterance from Alwi, et al (2000). The analysis result shows that there are fourteen types of expressive speech act in the statuses. They are the expression of agreement, disagreement, apology, gratitude, sorrow (sadness), exclamation (complaint), volition (hope), anger, disappointment, encouragement, satire, annoyance, pride, and congratulation. Meanwhile, the modes of expressive speech act that are used consist of declarative mode, interrogative mode, and exclamative mode. The importance of this research is to reveal or show that there is something else the Facebook users want to say behind their statuses. Sometimes, they do not really state what they mean in their statuses. They use indirect way and there lies the use of expressive speech act which can be stated in different way.
Dermatobiosis cutánea bovina en la región selvática lluviosa y montañosa de México
Authors: Jimenez Cristóbal Hernández , Ojeda Robertos Nadia Florencia , Vivas Roger Ivan Rodríguez
Published: May 2020

Se reporta la presencia de Dermatobia hominis en bovinos criados en ranchos ubicados en una zona selvática y montañosa de México. Se realizó un estudio en cuatro ranchos, incluidos por conveniencia. Se incluyeron un total de 75 bovinos, se registró la presencia, el número y características de los nódulos cutáneos por animal, y se colectaron larvas. Las larvas fueron clasificadas taxonómicamente como D. hominis. En total 10.6% de los animales presentaron nódulos en la piel (8/75). Se encontraron entre uno y 22 nódulos por bovino, distribuidos en cuatro regiones corporales (cola, pierna, abdomen y escápula). Se detectó la presencia de larvas D. hominis, las miasis que producen se caracterizan por la presencia de nódulos en la escápula, cola y pierna. Se recomienda que en la zona de estudio se implementen medidas de control de la mosca a través del uso de antiparasitarios en los bovinos.
Respuesta al estrés por salinidad de familias s1 de dos poblaciones de maíz
Authors: Velázque-Ventura Julio César , Rincón-sánchez Froylán , Ruiz-Torres Norma Angélica , Martínez-Reyna Juan Manuel
Published: May 2020

La salinidad es uno de los factores abióticos limitantes de la producción. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue determinar la respuesta de líneas S1de dos poblaciones de maíz en condiciones de estrés por salinidad y su relación con el rendimiento de grano. El material genético consistió de 100 Líneas S1que se sometieron a evaluación con y sin estrés por salinidad en laboratorio e invernadero, y la evaluación del rendimiento de grano. En laboratorio se determinó el porcentaje de germinación (GERM); en invernadero y laboratorio, el peso seco de raíz (PSR) y el peso seco de vástago (PSV). En laboratorio, se encontró una disminución en la respuesta del 72.1% en GERM, y de 40.1 y 44.1% para el PSR y PSV, respectivamente; en invernadero, solo el PSV siguió el patrón de respuesta a las condiciones de estrés, con una disminución del 33.0%. El PSR y PSV bajo estrés en invernadero (PSR_EI y PSV_EI) se correlacionaron de forma positiva con PSV_NL con valores de r = 0.282** y r = 0.185, respectivamente. El PSR y PSV sin estrés en invernadero (PSR_NI y PSV_NI) se correlacionaron de forma positiva con el rendimiento de grano con valores de r = 0.250* y r = 0.237*, respectivamente. Se encontró variación genética entre líneas S1 en los caracteres estudiados, incluyendo el rendimiento de grano. Se considera al peso seco de raíz (PSR) y de vástago (PSV) con y sin estrés en ensayos de invernadero como atributos con potencial para realizar selección temprana de genotipos de maíz.
Fertilización en rambután (Nephelium lappaceum L.) para mejorar la calidad de frutos
Authors: Reyes-Moreno Manuel , García-Villanueva Eduardo , Chávez-Franco Sergio , Muratalla-Luna Alfonso , Reyes-Moreno Jesús , Aguilar-Luna Jesús Mao Estanislao
Published: May 2020

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar dos fertilizantes aplicados a árboles productivos de rambután (Nephelium lappaceum L.) incluyendo la fertilización edáfica convencional, para incrementar la calidad de frutos. Los tratamientos fueron: Biofertilizante más Bayfolan® (T1),Biofertilizante (T2), Bayfolan® (T3), sin fertilizante (T4), sin fertilizante (T4). El diseño experimental fue completa- mente al azar, con cinco repeticiones y un árbol como unidad experimental. Se cuantificó: apariencia del fruto (AP), color del pericarpio, pérdida de peso, firmeza (F), peso fresco (PF), acidez titulable y oBx. La AP mejoró en 28% en T1, y en T3; la combinación de los fertilizantes mejoró la calidad de los frutos, hasta con 16% oBx y 10% de PF. En tratamientos restantes los frutos perdieron peso (hasta 35%) y F (hasta 41%) a los ocho días después de la cosecha. La fertilización foliar más la fertilización convencional, mejoran la calidad postcosecha y vida de anaquel de los frutos de rambután.
Dinámica, transformación y situación actual de los humedales costeros : caso de estudio de los municipios de Chibote y Nuevo Chimbote, Perú = Dynamics, transformation and current situation of coastal wetlands. Case study of the municipalities of Chimbote and Nuevo Chimbote, Peru
Authors: Abad Alva Aarón Alberto
Published: May 2020

ResumenLos humedales costeros de los municipios de Chimbote y Nuevo Chimbote, actualmente se encuentran en diferentes grados de depredación, contaminación y degradación ambiental. Producto de la consolidación del sector industrial y el “boom” pesquero, originados a mediados del siglo XX. Consecuencia de ello, los procesos de expansión urbana han generado la pérdida de un 65% de la superficie total de los humedales costeros de la región. En este sentido, la investigación tiene como objetivo, determinar si la infraestructura verde, es capaz de contener los procesos de expansión urbana y evitar la degradación y desaparición de los humedales costeros, a fin de reducir los impactos tanto antrópicos como naturales. Desde este enfoque, se procede a realizar un análisis general del estado actual de los humedales costeros de ambos municipios. Como resultado, se ha comprobado que integrándose la infraestructura verde en conjunto con otros espacios verdes o naturales y mediante una adecuada planificación urbana, se pueden contener los desmesurados procesos de expansión urbana, reduciéndose los impactos y consecuencias generados tanto por los procesos antrópicos y naturales.AbstractThe coastal wetlands owned by the municipalities of Chimbote and New Chimbote currently find themselves at different degrees of environmental depredation, pollution and, degradation. It comes as a result of the consolidation of the industrial sector and the fishing “boom,” originated during the middle of the 20th century. As a consequence, the urban expansionary processes have caused the loss of 65% of the surface of the coastal wetlands in the region. In this sense, this investigation’s objective is to determine whether the green infrastructure is capable of containing the urban expansionary processes and of avoiding the degradation and disappearance of the coastal wetlands, so it reduces the impact of both anthropic and naturals sources. From this perspective, it proceeds to perform a general analysis of the coastal wetlands’ current state, for both municipalities. As a result, it has been proven that integrating the green infrastructure along with other green areas, natural or otherwise, and through adequate urban planning, the excessive urban expansionary processes can be contained, reducing the impact and consequences generated by both anthropic and natural processes.
Estudio de las repercusiones de la aplicación de la Ley de Ordenación del Territorio y la Actividad Urbanística de Castilla la Mancha en las figuras de planeamiento de pequeños municipios de la provincia de Cuenca y anális de figuras de planeamiento alternativas = Analysis of the implications about the application of the urban planning autonomous law from Castilla la Mancha has in the urban planning of small municipalities in the province of Cuenca and an analysis of alternative urban planning method
Authors: Antolínez Collado Constantino
Published: May 2020

ResumenCon la aprobación del primer texto de la LOTAU hace más de veinte años, ha transcurrido el tiempo suficiente para que nos permita analizar los efectos que ha tenido esta legislación autonómica de Castilla la Mancha sobre los municipios de pequeño tamaño en la provincia de Cuenca, reflejados en el planeamiento de una muestra significativa de ellos, aprobados durante el primer decenio del siglo XXI, esto es, al poco de entrar en vigor la LOTAU. A partir del análisis de una legislación que pierde sentido en ausencia de presión urbanística se pueden identificar una serie de conflictos a la hora de materializar sus disposiciones en forma de planeamientos locales, que está contribuyendo sin duda a modificar el paisaje rural de los pequeños municipios y a la pérdida de los valores culturales y tradicionales de los núcleos.Por último, se incluye un análisis de una serie de documentos de referencia para la elaboración a partir del mismo de una propuesta de planeamiento alternativo que ponga en valor las cuestiones anteriormente expuestas frente al simple control del aprovechamiento lucrativo, enfrentándolo además con un planeamiento realizado siguiendo la disposición de la legislación autonómica en un municipio seleccionado dentro de la provincia de Cuenca.AbstractAs it has been more than twenty years ago since the first version of the LOTAU was approved, it has been time enough to analyze the effects this autonomous law from Castilla la Mancha had over the small sized municipalities into the province of Cuenca, taking a look at the master plan of a significant sample of them, which has been approved along the first decade of 21st century, this is, shortly after the LOTAU came into force. From the analysis of the autonomous law, which loses meaning in the absence of urban pressure, some conflicts can be detected as we examine local planning which introduce its guidelines. This is taking an important part in the modification of rural landscape of small municipalities and in the loss of cultural and traditional values of these towns. Finally, an analysis of some reference works is included and from it, an alternative municipal master plan could be elaborated which takes care on the previous issues against the simple control of the expansion based models; also facing this alternative master plan with the draft of an autonomous law based one in a selected municipality from the province of Cuenca.
La accesibilidad dotacional como indicador de vulnerabilidad urbana. Un estudio en la ciudad de Popayán (Colombia) = Accessibility as indicator of the urban vulnerability. A study in Popayán city (Colombia)
Authors: Chamorro Gómez Germán Camilo
Published: May 2020

Resumen La gestión del crecimiento urbano es uno de los más grandes retos que tienen las administraciones públicas durante los procesos de desarrollo urbano; donde la dimensión espacial de la ciudad se debería considerar como un elemento decisivo para combatir la desigualdad social y garantizar el acceso a los de los ciudadanos. Un tipo de vulnerabilidad urbana se puede producir como efecto de la falta de justicia espacial. La distribución inequitativa de dotaciones urbanas públicas dificulta la accesibilidad a grupos poblacionales de rentas bajas, condicionando el desarrollo del nivel de calidad de vida. Se propone analizar la situación en la zona urbana del municipio de Popayán, Colombia, delimitando el concepto de vulnerabilidad a la dimensión físico-urbanística, definiendo la accesibilidad y la condición socioeconómica como las variables a abordar; y las dotaciones de salud, educación y zonas verdes como los elementos a medir.AbstractThe management of urban growth is one of the greatest challenges that public administrations have during urban development processes. The spatial dimension of the city should be considered as a decisive element to combat social inequality and guarantee the access. Sort of urban vulnerability can occur as a result of the lack of spatial justice, where the unequal distribution of public urban endowments hinders accessibility to low-income population groups. It is proposed to analyze the urban area of the municipality of Popayán, Colombia, defining the concept of vulnerability in the physical-urban dimension, defining accessibility and socioeconomic status as the variables to be addressed; the endowments of health, education and green areas as the elements to be measured.
Barriers to women’s mobility. Case of Rabat - Morocco = Barreras para la movilidad de las mujeres. El caso de Rabat, Marruecos
Authors: Saadaoui Rabade
Published: May 2020

AbstractMorocco is one of the developing countries that suffer from gender mobility and transport issues. In several Moroccan cities, women have many limitations in terms of transport accessibility, safety and mobility patterns in general. The factors remain diverse, from Moroccan culture to the multiple responsibilities that women shoulder as employees, mothers, homemakers, etc. In this sense, this paper focuses on the topic of barriers to women’s mobility in the city of Rabat (capital of Morocco), a reasonably representative city with a variety of means of transport which will allow to better understand the factors that influence women’s mobility and the problems they face in their daily life. The article also contains some recommendations for solving this growing problem and integrating a new planning approach that takes gender into consideration.ResumenMarruecos es uno de los países en desarrollo que sufre problemas de movilidad y transporte en cuanto a género se refiere. En varias ciudades marroquíes, las mujeres tienen muchas limitaciones en términos de accesibilidad al transporte, patrones de seguridad y movilidad en general. Los factores siguen siendo diversos, desde la cultura marroquí hasta las múltiples responsabilidades que las mujeres asumen como empleadas, madres, amas de casa, etc. En este sentido, este documento se centra en el tema de las barreras para la movilidad de las mujeres en la ciudad de Rabat (capital de Marruecos), una ciudad razonablemente representativa con una variedad de medios de transporte que permitirá comprender mejor los factores que influyen en la movilidad de las mujeres y los problemas que enfrentan en su vida diaria. El artículo también contiene algunas recomendaciones para resolver este problema creciente e integrar un nuevo enfoque de planificación que tenga en cuenta el género.
Movilidad y límites en el acceso a los servicios de salud para personas mayores con discapacidad tras el terremoto de 2016 en Ecuador = Mobility and access limitations to health services for the elderly with disabilities after the 2016 earthquake in Ecuador
Authors: Pacheco Barzallo Andrea
Published: May 2020

ResumenEl terremoto de abril de 2016 ocurrido en la costa ecuatoriana afectó a decenas de ciudades y sus resultados repercutieron de manera especial en algunos colectivos. Los servicios de salud se saturaron y, por diferentes motivos, quedaron inaccesibles para parte de la población. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la movilidad peatonal y el acceso de forma autónoma a los servicios de salud para personas mayores y con discapacidad en tres de las ciudades más afectadas de la provincia donde tuvo lugar el epicentro del terremoto: Manta, Pedernales y Portoviejo. La metodología incluye la revisión de literatura científica y normativas técnicas sobre la movilidad peatonal para personas mayores o con discapacidad y, sobre los aportes y parámetros tomados de la literatura, se realiza una fotointerpretación del medio físico en las situaciones antes del terremoto, misma que es comparada con la situación post-terremoto en base a la elaboración y recopilación de cartografía. Los resultados indican que las condiciones del territorio, antes y después del desastre, impedían el acceso de forma autónoma a los servicios de salud para las personas mayores con discapacidad.AbstractThe earthquake of April 2016 that occurred on the Ecuadorian coast affected dozens of cities and its results had a special impact on some groups. Health services were saturated and for different reasons, they were inaccessible for part of the population. The objective of this paper is to analyze the forms of pedestrian mobility and autonomous access to health services for the elderly with disabilities after the earthquake in three of the most affected cities: Manta, Pedernales and Portoviejo. The methodology used includes a literature review of technical documents and standards about inclusive pedestrian mobility, and based on the parameters taken from these documents, an evaluation through photointerpretation of the physical environment conditions previous to the earthquake, is made. The results of this evaluation are compared with the post-disaster situation through the elaboration and collection of cartography. The results show that the territorial conditions limited the autonomous mobility and access to health services for the elderly with disabilities in both situations, before and after the earthquake.
The Frequency of Combined IFITM3 Haplotype Involving the Reference Alleles of Both rs12252 and rs34481144 is in Line with COVID-19 Standardized Mortality Ratio of Ethnic Groups in England
Authors: Nikoloudis Dimitris , Kountouras Dimitrios , Hiona Asimina
Published: May 2020

Evidence was recently brought forward in England and the USA that Black, Asian, Latinos and Minority Ethnic people present higher mortality risk from COVID-19 than White people. While socioeconomic factors were suggested to contribute to this trend, they arguably do not explain the range of the differences observed, allowing for possible genetic implications. Almost concurrently, the analysis of a cohort in Chinese COVID-19 patients proposed an association between the severity of the disease and the presence of the minor allele of rs12252 of the IFITM3 gene. This SNP, together with rs34481144, are the two most studied polymorphisms of IFITM3 and have been associated in the past with increased severity in Influenza, Dengue, Ebola, and HIV viruses. Interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3 is an immune effector protein that is pivotal for the restriction of viral replication, but also for the regulation of cytokine production. Following up to these two developments in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the present study investigates a possible connection between differences in mortality of ethnic groups in England and the haplotypes of rs12252 and rs34481144. The respective allele frequencies were collected for all 1000 Genomes Project’s populations and subgroups were pooled wherever possible to create correspondences with ethnic groups in England. A strong correlation was observed between the reported Standardized Mortality Ratios and the frequency of the combined haplotype of both reference alleles. If confirmed clinically, this finding could be pointing at possible hijacking of IFITM3 by SARS-CoV-2 virus and is expected to impact our understanding of the disease mechanisms behind COVID-19.
Big Data System for Medical Images Analysis
Authors: Bobulski Janusz , Kubanek Mariusz
Published: May 2020

Big Data in medicine includes possibly fast processing of large data sets, both current and historical in purpose supporting the diagnosis and therapy of patients' diseases. Support systems for these activities may include pre-programmed rules based on data obtained from the interview medical and automatic analysis of test results diagnostic results will lead to classification of observations to a specific disease entity. The current revolution using Big Data significantly expands the role of computer science in achieving these goals, which is why we propose a Big Data computer data processing system using artificial intelligence to analyze and process medical images.
COVID-19: Prediction of Vulnerable Areas Having High Risk of Becoming Hostspots and Providing Necessary Statistics during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Yadav Ayush
Published: May 2020

COVID-19 Pandemic management has become the top priority of Government Institutions globally, which is justifiable seeing the high mortality of the disease. In India, Lockdowns by National, State and Local level administrations have greatly reduced the spread of the SARS COV-2 Virus. Some areas with a greater proportion of COVID-19 patients have been declared hotspots with increased restrictions on public activities through law enforcement. But quite often delay in identification of these hotspots leads to community transmission of the Virus thus aggravating the problem. A method to identify the areas which are at risk of becoming the next hotspot for the disease is the need of the hour[1]. In this Research document we will find the probable risk factors and make an appropriate scale to measure the vulnerability of an area, identified by its Postal code. To help with this a Pan India survey by the title of “Survey on General Indian population on the level of preparedness for COVID-19 pandemic” was launched and received around 1250 submissions, with the acquired data we will evaluate the risk factors and make appropriate scale to identify ‘pre-hotspots’.
Konsumsi Buah dan Sayur Siswa Sekolah Dasar Penerima Program Gizi Anak Sekolah di Cianjur
Authors: Sinaga Tiurma , Mauludyani Anna Vipta Resti , Nopiany Haiva , Annur Marestry Nuzul
Published: May 2020

In recent 10 years, Indonesia has experienced chronic nutrition problems in terms of stunting. Almost all people aged older than five years had inadequate vegetables and fruits consumption. The nutrition program for school children (PROGAS) provided breakfast in many schools, particularly those with high stunting prevalence. The study aimed to analyze the fruits and vegetable consumption of elementary school children participating in PROGAS in Cianjur. This cross-sectional study was conducted to 61 students grade 5 and 6  in Public Elementary School Pamoyanan, Cianjur District. This study was done on March-August 2018. Data were collected by interview using a questionnaire, 2x24 hour food recall, and anthropometric measurement. The results of this study indicated that very few (1.6%, 8.2%, and 1.6%) respondents had adequate consumption of staple food, protein source, and fruits, respectively. There was no respondent consumed an adequate amount of vegetables. Staple food was significantly consumed more during the holidays rather than on school days (p=0.035). Fruits consumption was significantly higher during school days compared to holidays (p=0.001). Vegetable consumption was also consumed more during the school day. PROGAS provided a quite large contribution to the nutrient intake so that PROGAS should be continued with a higher amount of vegetables in the menu.

 

Abstrak

Dalam waktu sepuluh tahun terakhir, Indonesia menghadapi permasalahan gizi kronis pada anak usia sekolah berupa stunting. Hampir seluruh penduduk usia di atas lima tahun kurang mengonsumsi sayur dan buah. Program Gizi Anak Sekolah (PROGAS) memberikan sarapan di berbagai sekolah, khususnya yang memiliki prevalensi stunting tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis konsumsi buah dan sayur siswa SD penerima PROGAS di Kabupaten Cianjur. Desain penelitian menggunakan cross sectional study dengan 61 responden kelas lima dan enam Sekolah Dasar Negeri Pamoyanan, Kabupaten Cianjur. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret-Agustus 2018. Data diperoleh dengan wawancara menggunakan kuesioner, 2x24 jam food recall dan pengukuran antropometri. Sebagian kecil responden mengonsumsi cukup makanan pokok, lauk pauk, dan buah, secara berturut-turut sebesar 1,6%; 8,2%; dan 1.6%. Tidak ada responden mengonsumsi cukup sayur. Makanan pokok secara signifikan lebih banyak dikonsumsi selama liburan daripada hari sekolah (p = 0,035). Konsumsi buah signifikan pada hari sekolah dibandingkan hari libur (p = 0,001). Konsumsi sayur juga cenderung lebih tinggi di hari sekolah. PROGAS memiliki kontribusi yang cukup besar terhadap kecukupan gizi responden, sehingga PROGAS perlu dipertahankan dengan penambahan penyediaan sayur dalam menunya.
Riset Pasar Biodiesel B20 di Indonesia: Evaluasi terhadap Produk dan Kesadaran Konsumen
Authors: Oktarina Sachnaz Desta , Nurkhoiry Ratnawati , Nasution M. Ansori , Rahutomo Suroso
Published: May 2020

There are considerably limited evaluations had dealt with the demand side of the Indonesian B20 biodiesel market. Thus, market research on product performance, product importance, and consumer awareness was performed. This research utilized both qualitative and quantitative methods. In-depth interviews with key informants were summarized in the word cloud form. The outcomes then became the ground for quantitative research. The results of 111 online questionnaires indicated that there was a gap in the level of awareness among respondents in Sumatra to that of outside Sumatra. The male, higher education background, and heavy-user of bio solar cohort were tended to vote a sizeable number in the performance evaluation. Especially for the performance of biodiesel that caused sedimentation on the filter engines (73.08%, 72.35%, and 73.08%). Meanwhile, biodiesel performance that supports the nation's energy security is the most important attribute to be highlighted as the product main entity. The policy implication through multifaceted strategies such as incentive provision for automotive companies that are adaptive to market demand is one of a kind. In the long run, the return to investment from these policies are expected to not only increase the multiplier effects of the oil palm plantation but also national energy security.

Abstrak

Sejauh ini belum ada evaluasi ilmiah yang mempelajari aspek permintaan produk biodiesel Indonesia dari sisi konsumen (pasar), sehingga studi mengenai evaluasi produk dan kesadaran konsumen biodiesel B20 menjadi tujuan dari penelitian ini. Riset pasar ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Temuan dari riset kualitatif dalam bentuk wordcloud menjadi landasan untuk kajian kuantitatif. Hasil deskriptif dan nonparametrik 111 kuesioner secara daring mengindikasikan adanya kesenjangan tingkat kesadaran antara responden berdomisili di Sumatera dan luar Sumatera. Responden berjenis kelamin laki-laki, berlatar pendidikan tinggi, dan dominan menggunakan biosolar sebagai bahan bakarnya cenderung kritis menilai atribut terjadinya endapan pada mesin filter (73,08%; 72,35%; dan 73,08%). Performa biodiesel yang mendukung ketahanan energi bangsa menjadi aspek penting yang harus ditonjolkan sebagai entitas dari produk. Inovasi produk dapat dikembangkan melalui kebijakan multidimensi. Salah satunya dengan intervensi pemerintah melalui pemberian insentif bagi automaker yang adaptif terhadap permintaan pasar. Pada akhirnya, implikasi kebijakan ini diharapkan tidak hanya meningkatkan multiplyer effect dari perkebunan kelapa sawit, tetapi juga ketahanan energi nasional.
Factors associated with seeking post-abortion care among women in Guangzhou, China
Authors: Wang Hui , Liu Yan , Xiong Ribo
Published: May 2020

Background: In China, the vast majority of induced abortions are performed in public hospitals. However, post-abortion care (PAC) services are provided through the national network of family planning clinics, which are independent of the health care system. The integration of PAC services into abortion clinics in public hospitals is a new concept. This study aimed to assess PAC utilization among abortion patients, and identify the possible factors associated with PAC uptake in Guangzhou, China. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 431 women aged 15-43 years in Tianhe district of Guangzhou, China from June to September 2018. We estimated multivariate logistic regression model to examine the factors associated with utilization of PAC services. Results: Less than half (42%) of the participants used PAC services. Married women were 2.7 times significantly more likely to use PAC services than their unmarried counterparts. Immigrants were 52% significantly less likely to use PAC services than non-immigrants. Women who perceived that their fertility could return later and those who did not know were 45% and 61% significantly less likely to use PAC services compared to those who knew that their fertility could return soon after an abortion. Women with limited decision-making autonomy regarding contraceptive use were 54% significantly less likely to use PAC services than those who made such decisions themselves.Conclusions: The findings suggest the need for policies and programs to not only strengthen the provision of PAC services but also promote uptake among disadvantaged sub-groups of women in the study setting.
“Kunika women are always sick”: Views from community focus groups on short birth interval (kunika) in Bauchi State, Northern Nigeria
Authors: Ansari Umaira , Pimentel Juan , Omer Khalid , Gidado Yagana , Baba Muhd Chadi , Andersson Neil , Cockcroft Anne
Published: May 2020

Background In Northern Nigeria, short birth interval is common. The word kunika in the Hausa language describes a woman becoming pregnant before weaning her last child. A sizeable literature confirms an association between short birth interval and adverse perinatal and maternal health outcomes. Yet there are few reported studies about how people view short birth interval and its consequences. In support of culturally safe child spacing in Bauchi State, in North East Nigeria, we explored local perspectives about kunika and its consequences. Methods A qualitative descriptive study included 12 gender-segregated focus groups facilitated by local men and women in six communities from the Toro Local Government Area in Bauchi State. Facilitators conducted the groups in the Hausa language and translated the reports of the discussions into English. After an inductive thematic analysis, the local research team reviewed and agreed the themes in a member-checking exercise.Results Some 49 women and 48 men participated in the 12 focus groups, with an average of eight people in each group. All participants were married with ages ranging from 15-45 years. They explained their understanding of kunika, often in terms of pregnancy while breastfeeding. They described many disadvantages of kunika, including health complications for the mother and children, economic consequences, and adverse impact on men’s health and family dynamics. The groups concluded that some people still practise kunika, either intentionally (for example, in order to increase family size or because of competition between co-wives) or unintentionally (for example, because of frequent unprotected sex), and explained the roles of men and women in this. Conclusion Men and women in our study had a clear understanding of the concept of kunika. They recognized many adverse consequences of kunika beyond the narrow health concerns reported in quantitative studies. Their highlighted impacts of kunika on men’s wellbeing can inform initiatives promoting the role of men in addressing kunika.
Low serum albumin, aspartate aminotransferase, and body mass are risk factors for frailty in elderly people with diabetes – a cross-sectional study
Authors: Yanase Toshihiko , Yanagita Ikumi , Fujihara Yuya , Iwaya Chikayo , Kitajima Yuichi , Tajima Misuzu , Honda Masanao , Teruya Yuji , Asakawa Hideko , Ito Tomoko , Eda Terumi , Yamaguchi Noriko , Kayashima Yumi , Yoshimoto Mihoko , Harada Mayumi , Yoshimoto Shoji , Aida Eiji , Nawata Hajime , Muta Kazuo
Published: May 2020

Background: Frailty is broadly characterized by vulnerability and decline in physical, mental and social activities and is more common in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Frailty is closely associated with nutrition, muscle strength, inflammation, and hormones etc. In hormones, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) and cortisol are suggested to be such candidates affecting frailty. Little investigation has been performed using a wider range of measures of frailty to clarify risk factors for frailty including the above two hormones. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study to investigate the risk factors for frailty in elderly T2DM patients (n=148; ≥65 years), using a broad assessment, the clinical frailty scale. We compared parameters between the non-frail and frail groups using the unpaired t and Mann-Whitney U tests. The Jonckheere-Therpstra test was used to identify relationships with the severity of frailty and risk factors were identified using binary regression analysis.Results: Simple regression analysis identified a number of significant risk factors for frailty, including DHEAS <70 µg/dL and cortisol/DHEA-S ratio ≥0.2. Multiple regression analysis showed that low albumin (<4.0 g/dl) (odds ratio [OR]=5.79, p<0.001), low aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity (<25 IU/L) (OR=4.34, p=0.009), and low body mass (BM) (<53 kg) (OR=3.85, p=0.012) were independent risk factors for frailty. A significant decrease in DHEA-S and a significant increase in the cortisol/DHEA-S ratio occurred alongside increases in the severity of frailty. DHEA-S concentration positively correlated with both serum albumin and BM.Conclusions: Hypoalbuminemia, low AST, and low BM are independent risk factors for frailty in elderly T2DM patients, strongly implying relative malnutrition in these frail patients. DHEA-S may be important for the maintenance of liver function and BM. A decrease in DHEA-S and an increase in the cortisol/DHEAS ratio may be involved in the mechanism of the effect of malnutrition in elderly T2DM patients. trial registration number: UMIN (number 000031357)
Health-related quality of life and associated factors in patients with myocardial infarction after returning to work: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Chen Changying , Du Ruofei , Wang Panpan , Wang Tao , Ma Lixia , Larcher Leon
Published: May 2020

Background: Return to work following myocardial infarction (MI) represents an important indicator of recovery. However, MI can cause patients to feel pressure, loneliness and inferiority during work and even detachment from employment after returning to work, which may affect their quality of life. The aims of this study were to identify the influencing factors of Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with MI after returning to work and explore the correlations between these factors and HRQoL.Method: This was a cross-sectional study. All participants were recruited from tertiary hospitals in China from October 2017 to March 2018. The general data questionnaire, Short-Form Health Survey-8 (SF-8), Health Promoting Lifestyle ProfileⅡ (HPLPⅡ), Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire (MCMQ) and Social Supporting Rating Scale (SSRS) were used to assess 326 patients with myocardial infarction returned to work after discharge. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to explore factors related to HRQoL in patients with MI after returning to work.Results: The sample consisted of 326 patients. The mean total score of quality of life was 28.03±2.554. According to the multiple linear regression analysis, next factors were associated with better HRQoL: younger age (B=−0.354, P=0.039), higher income (B=0.513, P=0.000), less co-morbidity (B=−0.440, P=0.000), the longer time taken to return to work (B=0.235, P=0.003), fewer stents installed (B=−0.359, P=0.003), participation in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) (B=−1.777, P=0.000), complete CR (B=−1.409, P=0.000), better health behaviors such as more health responsibility (B=0.172, P=0.000) and exercise (B=0.165, P=0.000), better nutrition (B=0.178, P=0.000) and self-realization (B=0.165, P=0.000), stress response (B=0.172, P=0.000), more social support such as more objective support (B=0.175, P=0.000), subjective support (B=0.167, P=0.000) and better utilization of social support (B=0.189, P=0.028), positive copping strategies such as more coping (B=0.133, P=0.000) and less yield (B=−0.165, P=0.000).Conclusions: HRQoL of MI patients after returning to work is not satisfactory. Health behavior, coping strategies, social support are factors which can affect HRQoL. A comprehensive and targeted guide may be a way to improve HRQoL and to assist patients' successful return to society.
Global Fund Financing and Human Resources for Health Investments in the Eastern Mediterranean Region
Authors: Okunogbe Adeyemi , Bowser Diana , Gedik Gulin , Naseri Saha , Abu-Agla Ayat , Safi Najibullah
Published: May 2020

Background: Despite the large investments in donor-related health activities in areas of the globe prone to tension and conflict, few studies have examined in detail the role of these donor investments in human resources for health (HRH). Methods: We used a mixed-methods research methodology comprising both quantitative and qualitative analysis to analyze the Enhanced Financial Reporting System of the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria budget and expenditure data from 2003-2017 for 13 countries in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR). We analysed additional detailed budgetary data over the period 2013-2017 for a sub-set of these countries. Two country-case studies were conducted in Afghanistan and Sudan for a more in-depth understanding of the HRH-related activities that occurred as a result of Global Fund grants. Results: The results show that US$2.2 billion Global Fund dollars had been budgeted and US$1.6 billion were expended over the period 2003-2017 in 13 Eastern Mediterranean countries. The average expenditures for human resources for health (training and human resources) as a percentage of total expenditure is 28%. Additional detailed budgetary data analysis shows a more conservative investment in HRH with 13% of total budgets allocated to “direct” HRH activities such as salaries, training costs, and technical assistance. HRH-related activities supported by the Global Fund in Afghanistan and Sudan were similar, including pre-service and in-services training, hiring of program coordinators and staff, and top-ups for clinical staff. Conclusions: HRH remains a key issue in strengthening the health systems of low- and middle-income countries. While this study suggests that Global Fund’s HRH investments in the EMR are not lagging behind the global average, there appears to be a need to further scale up these investments considering this region’s unique HRH challenges.
Central venous pressure measurement is associated with improved outcomes in septic patients: an analysis of the MIMIC-III database
Authors: Chen Hui , Zhu Zhu , Zhao Chenyan , Guo Yanxia , Chen Dongyu , Wei Yao , Jin Jun
Published: May 2020

Purpose: Measurement of central venous pressure (CVP) can be a useful clinical tool. However, the formal utility of CVP measurement in preventing mortality in septic patients has never been proven. Methods: The Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III (MIMIC-III) database was searched to identify septic patients with and without CVP measurements. The primary outcome was 28-day mortality. Multivariate regression was used to elucidate the relationship between CVP measurement and 28-day mortality, and propensity score matching (PSM) and an inverse probability of treatment weighing (IPTW) were employed to validate our findings. Results: A total of 10275 patients were included in our study, of which 4516 patients (44%) underwent CVP measurement within 24 h of intensive care unit (ICU) admission. The risk of 28-day mortality was reduced in the CVP group (OR 0.60 (95% CI 0.51-0.70; p<0.001)). Patients in the CVP group received more fluid on day 1, and had a shorter duration of mechanical ventilation and vasopressor use, and the reduction in serum lactate was greater than that in the no CVP group. The mediating effect of serum lactate reduction was significant for the whole cohort (p=0.04 for the average causal mediation effect (ACME)) and patients in the CVP group with an initial CVP level below 8 mmHg (p=0.04 for the ACME). Conclusion: CVP measurement was associated with decreased risk-adjusted 28-day mortality among patients with sepsis and was proportionally mediated through serum lactate reduction.
Effects of red and blue light on leaf anatomy, CO2 assimilation, and the photosynthetic electron transport capacity of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) seedlings
Authors: Li Yan , Xin Guofeng , Liu Chang , Shi Qinghua , Yang Fengjuan , Wei Min
Published: May 2020

Background: The red (R) and blue (B) light wavelengths are known to influence many plant physiological processes during growth and development, particularly photosynthesis. To understand how R and B light influences plant photomorphogenesis and photosynthesis, we investigated changes in leaf anatomy, chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthetic parameters, and ribulose-1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) and Calvin cycle-related enzymes expression and their activities in sweet pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.) seedlings exposed to four light qualities: monochromatic white (W, control), R, B, and mixed R and B (RB) light with the same photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) of 300 μmol/m 2 ·s . Results: The results revealed that seedlings grown under R light had lower biomass accumulation, CO 2 assimilation, and photosystem II (PSII) electron transportation compared to plants grown under other treatments. These changes are probably due to inactivation of the photosystem (PS). Biomass accumulation and CO 2 assimilation were significantly enriched in B- and RB-grown plants, especially the latter treatment. Their leaves were also thicker, and photosynthetic electron transport capacity, as well as the photosynthetic rate were enhanced. The up-regulation of the expression and activities of Rubisco , fructose-1, 6-bisphosphatase (FBPase) and glyceraldehyde-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), which involved in the Calvin cycle and are probably the main enzymatic factors contributing to RuBP (ribulose-1, 5-bisphosphate) synthesis, were also increased. Conclusions: Mixed R and B light altered plant photomorphogenesis and photosynthesis, mainly through its effects on leaf anatomy, photosynthetic electron transportation, and the expression and activities of key Calvin cycle enzymes.
Biomechanical evaluation and finite element analysis of axial-loading simulated experiment of wrist fracture
Authors: Zhang Yuan-Wei , Xiong Liang-Yu , Huang Zu-Tai , Xiao Xin , Zhang Su-Li , Ni Wen-Yan , Deng Liang
Published: May 2020

The authors have withdrawn this preprint due to author disagreement.