bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The possible role of Dickkopf-1, Golgi protein- 73 and Midkine as predictors of hepatocarcinogenesis: a review and an Egyptian study
Authors: N Zekri Abdel-Rahman , EL Kassas Mohamed , Salam El SayedTarekAbd El , Hassan Reem Mostafa , Mohanad Marwa , Gabr Reham Mohamed , M. Lotfy Mai , Abdel-zaher Rania A. Talaat , Bahnassy Abeer A. , Ahmed Ola S.
Published: March 2020

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The use of alpha fetoprotein (AFP) alone was not an accurate biomarker for HCC despite its high specificity. Therefore, we assessed the possible role of serum biomarkers that have been mentioned briefly in previous studies on Egyptian patients ion top of HCV. However these studies included small number of patients and did not assess the different stages of hepatocarcinogenesis. In the current study we assessed 1) the expression levels of Golgi protein 37(GP73),Midkine (MDK) and Dickkopf-1(DKK-1) proteins separately and in combination at different stages of hepatocarcinogenesis. GP73, MDK and DKK-1 proteins were assessed in 238 individuals divided into 4 groups (HCC, chronic HCV, and chronic HCV with cirrhosis and healthy subjects as a control) Serum levels of GP73, MDK, and DKK-1 were assessed in all subjects by ELISA. Serum levels of the studied markers were significantly higher in HCC compared to other groups (p < 0.001). The ROC curve analysis for the studied markers showed 1) 88.5% sensitivity, 80.6% specificity, 69% PPV, 93.5% NPV and (AUC 0.91)for MDK; 2) 93.6%, 86.9%, 77.7%, 96.5% for DKK-1. 3) 91%, 85%, 74.7%, 95% (AUC 0.96) for GP73 and 4) 74.4%, 84.4%, 69.9%, 87.1% (AUC 0.81) for AFP. Serum levels of GP73, MDK, and DKK-1 are comparable to AFP as promising predictor biomarkers for HCC patients from Egypt. A two markers panel including Gp73 and DKK-1 showed the highest specificity and sensitivity among different markers combinations.
Effects of different silica intermediate layers for hydrogen diffusion enhancement of palladium membranes applied to porous stainless steel support
Authors: Katoh Masahiro , Ueshima Tomoe , Takatani Masahiro , Sugiura Hikaru , Ominami Kota , Sugiyama Shigeru
Published: March 2020

Porous stainless steel (SUS) supports were modified with double intermediate layers, silicalite-1 and γ-alumina, to enhance the hydrogen diffusion of a thin palladium membrane. One of layers, silicalite-1, was prepared using the hydrothermal synthetic method on porous SUS supports. The differences in expansion/contraction behaviors caused by different thermal coefficients of expansion between silicalite-1 and the SUS resulted in a lowering of the durability of the membrane. Intermediates layers of mesoporous MCM-48 powders or commercial spherical non-porous silica particles were then applied to porous SUS supports via aspiration, γ-alumina was introduced by dip-coating, and the Pd membrane was subjected to electro-less plating. H2permeance of the Pd membrane (membrane thickness: 11 μm) containing spherical silica particles was around 10 × 10−6 mol·m−2·s−1·Pa−1at 600 °C, which was higher than that of the Pd membrane (membrane thickness: 7 μm) containing MCM-48. The durability of the Pd membrane containing spherical silica particles was higher than that of the version containing MCM-48 powders. These results suggest that commercial spherical non-porous silica particles will uniformly occupy the pores of the SUS tubes and enhance the H2permeance and durability of the Pd membrane.
Differential antitumor activity of compounds targeting the ubiquitin-proteasome machinery in gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) cells
Authors: Rausch Jessica L. , Ali Areej A. , Lee Donna M. , Gebreyohannes Yemarshet K. , Mehalek Keith R. , Agha Aya , Patil Sneha S. , Tolstov Yanis , Wellens Jasmien , Dhillon Harbir S. , Makielski Kathleen R. , Debiec-Rychter Maria , Schöffski Patrick , Wozniak Agnieszka , Duensing Anette
Published: March 2020

The majority of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are driven by oncogenic KIT signaling and can therefore be effectively treated with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) imatinib mesylate. However, most GISTs develop imatinib resistance through secondary KIT mutations. The type of resistance mutation determines sensitivity to approved second-/third-line TKIs but shows high inter- and intratumoral heterogeneity. Therefore, therapeutic strategies that target KIT independently of the mutational status are intriguing. Inhibiting the ubiquitin-proteasome machinery with bortezomib is effective in GIST cells through a dual mechanism of KIT transcriptional downregulation and upregulation of the pro-apoptotic histone H2AX but clinically problematic due to the drug’s adverse effects. We therefore tested second-generation inhibitors of the 20S proteasome (delanzomib, carfilzomib and ixazomib) with better pharmacologic profiles as well as compounds targeting regulators of ubiquitination (b-AP15, MLN4924) for their effectiveness and mechanism of action in GIST. All three 20S proteasome inhibitors were highly effective in vitro and in vivo, including in imatinib-resistant models. In contrast, b-AP15 and MLN4924 were only effective at high concentrations or had mostly cytostatic effects, respectively. Our results confirm 20S proteasome inhibitors as promising strategy to overcome TKI resistance in GIST, while highlighting the complexity of the ubiquitin-proteasome machinery as a therapeutic target.
Thermal and Fluid Dynamics Performance of MWCNT-Water Nanofluid Based on Thermophysical Properties: An Experimental and Theoretical Study
Authors: Lyu Zongjie , Asadi Amin , Alarifi Ibrahim M. , Ali Vakkar , Foong Loke K.
Published: March 2020

There are many debates on the preparation methods and the role of ultrasonication on the stability, thermophysical properties, and heat transfer performance of nanofluids. The present study, which is the continuation of the authors previous study, the effects of ultrasonication on the thermal and fluid dynamic performance of MWCNT-water nanofluid, over a different range of temperatures and solid concentrations, based on the thermophysical properties of the nanofluid, has been investigated. The effects of ultrasonication time on the stability and thermophysical properties of the nanofluid were studied over 30 days of the samples preparation. The thermophysical properties of the nanofluid have been experimentally measured at the optimum ultrasonication time. Using the experimental data, and employing different figures-of-merit, the effects that the addition of MWCNTs had on the heat transfer effectiveness and pumping power have been studied. It was confirmed that the nanofluid is a good heat transfer fluid, with a negligible penalty in pumping power. The thermal and fluid dynamic performance of the nanofluid in a microchannel heat sink has also been studied, by comparing the enhancement ratio of the convective heat transfer coefficient and the increase in pumping power.
Publisher Correction: Specific memory B cell response in humans upon infection with highly pathogenic H7N7 avian influenza virus
Authors: Westerhuis Brenda , ten Hulscher Hinke , Jacobi Ronald , van Beek Josine , Koopmans Marion , Rimmelzwaan Guus , Meijer Adam , van Binnendijk Rob
Published: March 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Frustrated quantum magnetism with Bose gases in triangular optical lattices at negative absolute temperatures
Authors: Yamamoto Daisuke , Fukuhara Takeshi , Danshita Ippei
Published: March 2020

Quantum antiferromagnets with geometrical frustration exhibit rich many-body physics but are hard to simulate by means of classical computers. Although quantum-simulation studies for analyzing such systems are thus desirable, they are still limited to high-temperature regions, where interesting quantum effects are smeared out. Here we propose a feasible protocol to perform analog quantum simulation of frustrated antiferromagnetism with strong quantum fluctuations by using ultracold Bose gases in optical lattices at negative absolute temperatures. Specifically, we show from numerical simulations that the time evolution of a negative-temperature state subjected to a slow sweep of the hopping energy simulates quantum phase transitions of a frustrated Bose–Hubbard model with sign-inverted hoppings. Moreover, we quantitatively predict the phase boundary between the frustrated superfluid and Mott-insulator phases for triangular lattices with hopping anisotropy, which serves as a benchmark for quantum simulation.
NIR-emitting semiconducting polymer nanoparticles for in vivo two-photon vascular imaging
Authors: Gong Xiao-Ting , Xie Wenguang , Cao Jing-Jing , Zhang Shengxiang , Pu Kanyi , Zhang Hao-Li
Published: March 2020

A NIR-emitting TPF probe (NESPN) was prepared using semiconducting polymers and used for continuously monitoring the whole process of ischemic stroke and subsequent reperfusion. This work provides a new and versatile tool for vascular research and diagnosis of vascular diseases.
Growth kinetics of humins studied via X-ray scattering
Authors: Cheng Ziwei , Goulas Konstantinos A. , Quiroz Rodriguez Natalia , Saha Basudeb , Vlachos Dionisios G.
Published: March 2020

We use ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering to investigate the evolution of size, morphology, volume fraction and number concentration of humins formed during the Brønsted acid catalyzed dehydration of fructose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF).
Advanced 96-microtiter plate based bioelectrochemical platform reveals molecular short cut of electron flow in cytochrome P450 enzyme
Authors: Frank Ronny , Prönnecke Christoph , Azendorf Ronny , Jahnke Heinz-Georg , Beck-Sickinger Annette G. , Robitzki Andrea A.
Published: March 2020

We developed a novel 96-well microtiter plate based bioelectrochemical platform with a vertical divided cell three-electrode architecture and a 96-multipotentiostat to perform fully parallelised bioelectrocatalytic screenings on redox enzymes.
Au nanoparticles deposited on ultrathin two-dimensional covalent organic framework nanosheets for in vitro and intracellular sensing
Authors: Tian Yuanyuan , Lu Qipeng , Guo Xixi , Wang Siyu , Gao Yu , Wang Lianhui
Published: March 2020

A novel fluorescence platform based on hybrid nanosheets (Au NPs/COF NSs) for sensing and imaging.
Targeted nanocarriers based on iodinated-cyanine dyes as immunomodulators for synergistic phototherapy
Authors: Chi Jinnan , Ma Qingming , Shen Zijun , Ma Caiyun , Zhu Wei , Han Shangcong , Liang Yan , Cao Jie , Sun Yong
Published: March 2020

Photodynamic therapy (PDT), as one of the most powerful photo-therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment with minimum invasiveness, can effectively damage local tumor cells and significantly induce systemic antitumor immunity.
Effects of oxygen-containing functional groups on the synergy effect in pulsed bipolar plasma-catalytic reactions of volatile organic compounds
Authors: Liang Chen-Jui , Lee Zong-Yi
Published: March 2020

Synergy effect of high-concentration oxygenated reactants were studied under pulsed bipolar plasma-catalytic (La0.7Sr0.3MnO3/mullite) reactors, which theoretical formula was proven to be accurate, and successfully predicted the conversion–temperature curve.
Effects of antiferroelectric substitution on the structure and ferroelectric properties of a complex perovskite solid solution
Authors: Liu Zenghui , Yuan Yi , Luo Zeng , Wan Hongyan , Gao Pan , Wu Hua , Zhuang Jian , Zhang Jie , Zhang Nan , Liu Hongzhong , Ren Wei , Ye Zuo-Guang
Published: March 2020

Novel ferro-/piezoelectric solid solutions between bismuth-based perovskite and antiferroelectric material are designed and synthesized and their crystal structure, phase transitions, ferro-/piezoelectric properties and local polar structure are investigated.
Improving the determination of celecoxib in body fluids and pharmaceuticals using a new selective and thermosensitive molecularly imprinted poly(vinylidene fluoride) membrane
Authors: Yazdanian Negin , Akbari-Adergani Behrouz , Kazemipour Maryam , Ahmad Panahi Homayon , Javanbakht Mehran
Published: March 2020

Molecularly imprinted membranes that demonstrated high selectivity for celecoxib were synthesized using N-vinylcaprolactam and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate.
On-surface synthesis of planar acenes via regioselective aryl–aryl coupling
Authors: Feng Lin , Wang Tao , Jia Hongxing , Huang Jianmin , Han Dong , Zhang Wenzhao , Ding Honghe , Xu Qian , Du Pingwu , Zhu Junfa
Published: March 2020

The reaction of 2,2′-dibromo-biphenyl (DBBP) on a Ag(111) surface leads to the generation of planar dibenzo[e,l]pyrene, in contrast to the nonplanar saddle-shaped tetraphenylene formed in solution.
Solvent-free and montmorillonite K10-catalyzed domino reactions for the synthesis of pyrazoles with alkynylester as a dual synthon
Authors: Annes Sesuraj Babiola , Saritha Rajendhiran , Subramanian Saravanan , Shankar Bhaskaran , Ramesh Subburethinam
Published: March 2020

A highly regioselective, solvent-free and montmorillonite K10 clay-catalyzed domino process with an unprecedented C–C bond formation reaction is described for the synthesis of new class of tri-substituted and di-substituted pyrazole derivatives.
Hierarchically porous covalent organic frameworks assembled in ionic liquids for highly effective catalysis of C–C coupling reactions
Authors: Qiu Jikuan , Wang Huiyong , Zhao Yuling , Guan Pengxin , Li Zhiyong , Zhang Hucheng , Gao Hongshuai , Zhang Suojiang , Wang Jianji
Published: March 2020

A simple and environmentally benign strategy was reported for the synthesis of hierarchically porous COFs in ionic liquids, and the obtained materials show highly effective catalytic performance for C–C bond formation reactions.
Molecular design and engineering of biomimetic, bioinspired and biologically derived materials
Authors: Jayaraman Arthi , Patel Amish J.
Published: March 2020

Guest Editors Arthi Jayaraman and Amish Patel introduce this themed collection of papers showcasing the latest research on the molecular design and engineering of bioinspired, biological and/or biomimetic materials.
Improved Ti species distribution and hierarchical pores in TS-1: towards regeneration of TS-1 deactivated due to alkali corrosion
Authors: Zhang Mingming , Wen Yiqiang , Zong Lukuan , Wei Huijuan , Wang Xiangyu
Published: March 2020

TS-1 deactivated in industrial cyclohexanone ammoximation can be effectively regenerated by hydrothermal treatment with TPABr and ethanolamine solution.
Three-dimensional graphene-supported nickel disulfide nanoparticles promise stable and fast potassium storage
Authors: Han Kang , Meng Jiashen , Hong Xufeng , Wang Xuanpeng , Mai Liqiang
Published: March 2020

A self-adaptive NiS2/3DGO electrode was designed and the conversion reaction mechanism during potassium storage processes was clearly revealed.
Observation of short-range Yu-Shiba-Rusinov states with threefold symmetry in layered superconductor 2H-NbSe2
Authors: Yang Xing , Yuan Yuan , Peng Yang , Minamitani Emi , Peng Lang , Xian Jing-Jing , Zhang Wen-Hao , Fu Ying-Shuang
Published: March 2020

Yu-Shiba-Rusinov states of Fe adatoms on 2H-NbSe2show threefold symmetry with short-range decay, in contrast to its imbedded counterpart of sixfold symmetry and long-range decay.
In situ TEM measurement of activation volume in ultrafine grained gold
Authors: Gupta Saurabh , Stangebye Sandra , Jungjohann Katherine , Boyce Brad , Zhu Ting , Kacher Josh , Pierron Olivier N.
Published: March 2020

Quantitative in situ TEM true activation volume measurements in nanoscale specimens with simultaneous observations of plastic deformation mechanisms.
Nano-modified epoxy: the effect of GO-based complex structures on mechanical performance
Authors: Kelnar Ivan , Zhigunov Alexander , Kaprálková Ludmila , Krejčíková Sabina , Dybal Jiří , Janata Miroslav
Published: March 2020

ATBN-grafted GO forms nacre-mimicking lamellar structures in epoxy; the effect of grafting geometry on the structure/property relationship is highlighted.
Microwave-assisted pyrolysis of Pachira aquatica leaves as a catalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Chang Sun-Tang , Jhong Huan-Ping , Chang Yu-Chung , Liu Chia-Chi , Chiang Tai-Chin , Huang Hsin-Chih , Wang Chen-Hao
Published: March 2020

In this study, biomimetic Mg–Nx–Cy from Pachira aquatica leaves were mixed with carbon black, in which the mixture was treated by a conventional microwave oven at 700 W and 2 min, exhibiting high catalytic activity for the oxygen reduction reaction.
Polymorphism of Au11(PR3)7Cl3 clusters: understanding C–H⋯π interaction and C–H⋯Cl–C van der Waals interaction on cluster assembly by surface modification
Authors: Qin Chenwanli , Yuan Qianqin , Li Peng , Wang Shuxin , Chen Shuang , Zhu Manzhou
Published: March 2020

C–H⋯π interactions and C–H⋯Cl–C van der Waals interactions are dominant in the crystallization of Au11(PR3)7Cl3 clusters, resulting in a crystal system transformation.
Facile optimization of hierarchical topography and chemistry on magnetically active graphene oxide nanosheets
Authors: Das Avijit , Maji Kousik , Naskar Sarajit , Manna Uttam
Published: March 2020

‘Confined-optimization’ of desired topography and appropriate chemistry on a magnetically-active and two-dimensional (2D) graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets is unprecedentedly achieved following a rapid and facile 1,4-conjugate addition reaction.
Transforming colloidal Cs4PbBr6 nanocrystals with poly(maleic anhydride-alt-1-octadecene) into stable CsPbBr3 perovskite emitters through intermediate heterostructures
Authors: Baranov Dmitry , Caputo Gianvito , Goldoni Luca , Dang Zhiya , Scarfiello Riccardo , De Trizio Luca , Portone Alberto , Fabbri Filippo , Camposeo Andrea , Pisignano Dario , Manna Liberato
Published: March 2020

The challenge of making strongly emissive CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystals with a robust surface passivation is solved via Cs4PbBr6 → CsPbBr3 transformation triggered by a reaction of oleylamine ligand with poly(maleic anhydride-1-alt-octadecene).
Steric and stereoscopic disulfide construction for cross-linkage via N-dithiophthalimides
Authors: Gao Wen-Chao , Tian Jun , Shang Yu-Zhu , Jiang Xuefeng
Published: March 2020

A series of steric and stereoscopic disulfides are constructed with N-dithiophthalimides, enabling the cross-linkage of biomolecules, drugs and fluorescent molecules.
Over 14% efficiency nonfullerene all-small-molecule organic solar cells enabled by improving the ordering of molecular donors via side-chain engineering
Authors: Gao Jing , Ge Jinfeng , Peng Ruixiang , Liu Chang , Cao Liang , Zhang Danli , Fanady Billy , Hong Ling , Zhou Erjun , Ge Ziyi
Published: March 2020

Improving the short-circuit current density (Jsc) is a big challenge for gaining highly efficient nonfullerene all-small-molecule organic solar cells (NFASM-OSCs).
Small molecules that target the ubiquitin system
Authors: Wu Hai Qiu , Baker David , Ovaa Huib
Published: March 2020

Eukaryotic life depends upon the interplay between vast networks of signaling pathways composed of upwards of 109–1010 proteins per cell. The integrity and normal operation of the cell requires that these proteins act in a precise spatial and temporal manner. The ubiquitin system is absolutely central to this process and perturbation of its function contributes directly to the onset and progression of a wide variety of diseases, including cancer, metabolic syndromes, neurodegenerative diseases, autoimmunity, inflammatory disorders, infectious diseases, and muscle dystrophies. Whilst the individual components and the overall architecture of the ubiquitin system have been delineated in some detail, how ubiquitination might be successfully targeted, or harnessed, to develop novel therapeutic approaches to the treatment of disease, currently remains relatively poorly understood. In this review, we will provide an overview of the current status of selected small molecule ubiquitin system inhibitors. We will further discuss the unique challenges of targeting this ubiquitous and highly complex machinery, and explore and highlight potential ways in which these challenges might be met.
Advanced framework for microscopic and lane‐level macroscopic traffic parameters estimation from UAV video
Authors: Ke Ruimin , Feng Shuo , Cui Zhiyong , Wang Yinhai
Published: March 2020

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is at the heart of modern traffic sensing research due to its advantages of low cost, high flexibility, and wide view range over traditional traffic sensors. Recently, increasing efforts in UAV‐based traffic sensing have been made, and great progress has been achieved on the estimation of aggregated macroscopic traffic parameters. Compared to aggregated macroscopic traffic data, there has been extensive attention on higher‐resolution traffic data such as microscopic traffic parameters and lane‐level macroscopic traffic parameters since they can help deeply understand traffic patterns and individual vehicle behaviours. However, little existing research can automatically estimate microscopic traffic parameters and lane‐level macroscopic traffic parameters using UAV videos with a moving background. In this study, an advanced framework is proposed to bridge the gap. Specifically, three functional modules consisting of multiple processing streams and the interconnections among them are carefully designed with the consideration of UAV video features and traffic flow characteristics. Experimental results on real‐world UAV video data demonstrate promising performances of the framework in microscopic and lane‐level macroscopic traffic parameters estimation. This research pushes off the boundaries of the applicability of UAVs and has an enormous potential to support advanced traffic sensing and management.
Event‐triggered intelligent energy management strategy for plug‐in hybrid electric buses based on vehicle cloud optimisation
Authors: Liu Kaijia , Jiao Xiaohong , Yang Chao , Wang Weida , Xiang Changle , Wang Wei
Published: March 2020

Energy management strategy (EMS) of plug‐in hybrid electric buses (PHEBs) has a very important impact on the fuel economy. Currently there is still huge room to improve the performance of EMS, regarding the optimisation and real‐time application potentials. With the rapid development of intelligent transportation systems, the emerging technologies, such as telematics, remote vehicle monitoring, cloud optimisation, and so on, provide an opportunity to realize this goal. Based on this, this study proposes an event‐triggered intelligent EMS for PHEBs. Taking the demand torque of PHEB and the battery's state‐of‐charge as the inputs, and the electric motor torque as the output, triangle and trapezoid membership functions are chosen to construct a specialised fuzzy controller to accomplish torque split task in the studied PHEB. To further improve the fuzzy controller, an enhanced genetic algorithm is proposed to optimize its membership function parameters. Furthermore, to reduce the calculated load in the vehicle cloud optimisation process, an event‐triggered mechanism is introduced. Finally, the proposed strategy is verified, and results show that the proposed strategy improves the fuel economy of the studied PHEB by 19% and 22% over that using the rule‐based strategy, under the real‐world driving cycle and China typical urban driving cycle, respectively.
Distributed PV generation estimation using multi‐rate and event‐driven Kalman kriging filter
Authors: Alam SM Shafiul , Florita Anthony R. , Hodge Bri‐Mathias
Published: March 2020

The ever‐growing penetration of cost‐effective photovoltaic (PV) panels within the distribution grid requires a robust and efficient method for PV system monitoring. Especially, the geographical proximity of PV panels can play an important role in lowering the dimension of measurements required for full system observability. Furthermore, the direct impact of variable cloud formation and uncertain propagation necessitates the development and validation of a spatiotemporal model. Accordingly, this study presents the modelling and validation of the spatiotemporal variability of solar power indices at 1 minute resolution for the scale of a residential neighbourhood. The spatiotemporal model is then applied to a Multi‐Rate and Event‐DRIven Kalman Kriging (MREDRIKK) filter to dynamically estimate behind‐the‐meter PV generation. The Kriging step exploits spatial correlations to estimate PV power output at locations from where measurements are unobserved. The multi‐rate feature of the MREDRIKK filter enables the sampling of measurements at a rate much lower than the temporal dynamics of the associated states. A comprehensive study is undertaken to investigate the effect of multi‐rate and event‐driven measurement updates on the performance of the MREDRIKK filter. In addition, the superior performance of MREDRIKK filter is represented as compared to the persistence method irrespective of the observation size.
Stability analysis and nonlinear current‐limiting control design for DC micro‐grids with CPLs
Authors: Braitor Andrei‐Constantin , Konstantopoulos George C. , Kadirkamanathan Visakan
Published: March 2020

In this study, a DC micro‐grid consisting of multiple paralleled energy resources interfaced by both bidirectional AC/DC and DC/DC boost converters and loaded by a constant power load (CPL) is investigated. By considering the generic dq transformation of the AC/DC converters' dynamics and the accurate nonlinear model of the DC/DC converters, two novel control schemes are presented for each converter‐interfaced unit to guarantee load voltage regulation, power sharing and closed‐loop system stability. This novel framework incorporates the widely adopted droop control and using input‐to‐state stability theory, it is proven that each converter guarantees a desired current limitation without the need for cascaded control and saturation blocks. Sufficient conditions to ensure closed‐loop system stability are analytically obtained and tested for different operation scenarios. The system stability is further analysed from a graphical perspective, providing valuable insights of the CPL's influence onto the system performance and stability. The proposed control performance and the theoretical analysis are first validated by simulating a three‐phase AC/DC converter in parallel with a bidirectional DC/DC boost converter feeding a CPL in comparison with the cascaded PI control technique. Finally, experimental results are also provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control approach on a real testbed.
Tracking the state transitions in changing-look active galactic nuclei through their polarized-light echoes
Authors: Marin F. , Hutsemékers D.
Published: March 2020

Context.Variations in the mass accretion rate appear to be responsible for the rapid transitions in spectral type that are observed in increasingly more active galactic nuclei (AGNs). These objects are now labeled “changing-look” AGNs and are key objects for understanding the physics of accretion onto supermassive black holes.

Aims.We aim to complement the analysis and interpretation of changing-look AGNs by modeling the polarization variations that can be observed, in particular, polarized-light echoes.

Methods.We built a complex and representative model of an AGN and its host galaxy and ran radiative transfer simulations to obtain realistic time-dependent polarization signatures of changing-look objects. Based on actual data, we allowed the system to become several times fainter or brighter within a few years, assuming a rapid change in accretion rate.

Results.We obtain time-dependent polarization signatures of distant high-luminosity (quasars) and nearby low-luminosity (Seyferts) changing-look AGNs for a representative set of inclinations. We predict the evolution of the continuum polarization for future polarimetric campaigns with the goal to better understand the physics at work in these objects. We also investigate highly inclined AGNs that experience strong accretion rate variations without appearing to change state. We apply our modeling to Mrk 1018, the best-documented case of a changing-look AGN, and predict a variation in its polarization after the recent dimming of its continuum.

Conclusions.We demonstrate that polarization monitoring campaigns that cover the transitions that are observed in changing-look AGNs might bring crucial information on the geometry and composition of all the reprocessing regions within the nucleus. In particular, specific features in the time variation of the polarization position angle can provide a new and efficient method for determining AGN inclinations.
The problem of fastening cargo on railway rolling stock
Authors: Turanov Khabibulla , Ruzmetov Yadgor
Published: March 2020

Fastening of cargo on the car. Calculation of load shift, elongation and forces in elastic elements of fasteners. Describe the parameters of the load and the physical and geometric parameters of the load fastening; give the results of the calculation of the longitudinal forces perceived by the elements of the load fastening. The article uses the basic law of dynamics in relative motion for the non-ideal connection known from theoretical mechanics. The results of the calculation of the longitudinal forces perceived by the load fastening elements, which allowed determining the load shifts along the car, elongation and forces in the flexible fastening elements are presented. Example calculation contributes to the practical application of a new method of calculating the elements of fastening on the car in the development of schemes of placement and fastening of goods of arbitrary geometry. The results of calculations revealed that the accepted value of the coefficient of longitudinal dynamics of the car corresponds to the shunting collision of the car on the hump yard in the marshalling yards.
Dynamics of the recuperative mechanical stepless vehicle’s drive
Authors: Hoodorozhkov Sergey , Kozlenok Aleksandr
Published: March 2020

The article represents the results of a theoretical study into the operation of a mechanical stepless vehicle drive with the recuperation of braking energy and flywheel energy storage. This paper mainly focused on Adjustable-Speed Drive (ASD) as a part of the infinite ratio continuously variable transmission equipped with flywheel energy storage. To study the proposed transmission, the authors compiled a mathematical model in the form of a system of nonlinear differential equations. The proposed model allows you to determine and monitor the change in the angular velocities and angular accelerations of the rotating links of the transmission. The results of the work will be used to analyze the components of a stepless drive in order to optimize its components to reduce the response time and increase the transmission efficiency, which will lead to a reduction in mechanical losses during the movement of the proposed vehicle.
Scanning the steel 08G2B using superminiature eddy current probe
Authors: Dmitriev Sergey , Ishkov Alexey , Malikov Vladimir , Katasonov Alexander , Grigorev Alexey , Ryasnoy Mihail , Sagalakov Anatoly
Published: March 2020

The article describes a hardware and software complex designed for defectoscopy and study of material properties. Sections of high-strength steel 08G2B pipes were scanned in the course of the research. The purpose of this study is to determine dependency of eddy current sensor signal and mechanical and operational properties of the base metal (K65 steel grade) and demonstrate the ability of developed eddy current probe to detect continuity defects and corrosion in this type of metal. The steel is ultra-low-carbon, which makes it possible to study their properties using the eddy current method. The eddy current method is a non-contact one being used both for cracks identification and determination of their characteristics. A special superminiature eddy current probe was developed, which includes three coils - stabilizing, measuring and exciting. The coils were placed on a pyramid-shaped core made of alloy 81NMA. The eddy-current transducer runs under the control of the developed hardware-software complex with a system for suppression of noise and amplification of signal received from the eddycurrent transducer. Signal processing makes it possible to separate the effects of closely spaced cracks on the eddy-current transducer signal and evaluate the contribution of each crack separately. As a parameter containing information about the presence of defects in the object of control, the voltage arrived at the measuring coil of the eddy current probe signal was used. The work studied sections of pipes with model continuity defects – cracks and holes. A research that allows to simulate the presence of corrosion in the metal was also conducted. The extreme values of the eddy current probe signal over defects of different types are obtained at various velocity, that allows to identify the type of defect, while changing the frequency of the signal on the probe allows to determine the depth of the defect.
Control systems for unmanned combine harvester
Authors: Godzhaev Zahid , Lobachevsky Y.P. , Alekseev Ilya , Prilukov Alexander , Godzhaev T.Z.
Published: March 2020

Nowadays, there are many technical and technological solutions to increase productivity in agriculture. One of such solutions is the use of the latest robotic mobile systems that can increase agricultural productivity. For the implementation of these decisions, sound concepts are needed to create control systems for agricultural unmanned mobile energy devices based on an analysis of current trends in the development of robotic mobile energy devices. This paper discusses various areas of the concept of creating unmanned control systems for a mobile energy device - a combine harvester, ensuring high-quality performance of technological operations of harvesting, including the directional stability of the combine harvester. The most effective version of the concept of creating a control system was selected.
Dynamic fracture effects observed in a one-dimensional discrete mechanical system
Authors: Kazarinov Nikita , Smirnov Alexander , Petrov Yuri , Gruzdkov Alexey
Published: March 2020

Dynamic fracture of a one-dimensional chain of identical linear oscillators (masses connected by springs) is considered in the work. The system is supposed to consist of arbitrary but finite number of links and the first mass is supposed to be fixed. Two loading conditions are discussed: free oscillations of an initially statically prestressed chain and loading the chain with a short deformation pulse. Both problems are solved analytically for an arbitrary number of links. The obtained solutions are investigated and a dynamic fracture effect related to an explicitly discrete structure of the system is revealed: a deformation wave travelling through the chain is distorted and some links may be subjected to critical deformation. The obtained solutions for the chain are compared to the solutions of analogous problems stated for an elastic rod – a continuum counterpart of the considered discrete system. It is shown that the discussed fracture effect cannot be found in a continuous system.
Sewer system optimization in housing and communal services
Authors: Smirnova Elena , Larionova Yuliya , Larionov Arkadij
Published: March 2020

The purpose of the article is to present the design decisions used in the construction of the extended main trunk sewer of the North in St Petersburg. One of its key elements is the siphon, a unique structure in engineering practice for optimal and safe water disposal system. Its special feature is in the arrangement of connections in the pits of the trunk sewer header portion. For the purpose of investigation it had to describe the general situation relative to sewerage network in the city. Following this, a precondition, which determined the structure design as the optimum for movement of effluent, is presented. Further, author concludes that the new pit structures using composite materials made it possible to complete construction of the trunk sewer on schedule and by means of it to move to purification works practically all of the city’s effluents (98, 4%) and realize the goal of steady economic development. Then author shows that it is necessary source control techniques be designed to counter increased discharge of water. It should to provide in the buildings power saving technologies, the hot water recirculation systems, modernize the existing hot water supply facilities, and to install low-cost highly efficient small heat exchangers instead of obsolete locally based boilers and just only of increasing the norms, coefficients and tariffs. Hence it appears that the multi-objective sewer system optimization provides more rational and practical solutions to avoid sewer overflows, reduce risks to public health and to protect the environment from water pollution.
Assessment of geoecological conditions and the depletion risk of the river Belaya catchment area
Authors: Nafikova Elvira , Elizaryev Alexey , Ismagilov Ayaz , Dorosh Inna , Khaidarshin Aidar , Alexandrov Dmitriy
Published: March 2020

At the present time water resources in the Republic of Bashkortostan (Russia) are exposed by negative anthropogenic influence. Natural processes also contribute to the depletion of water resources. The implementation of the water management system raises a number of methodological problems: the uncertainty of the criteria for assessing the ecological status of water bodies; the complexity of the relationship between the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the water body due to the regional natural, anthropogenic, climatic features of the territory. The aim of this study is to development of a method for calculating the risk of water resources depletion. The method was tested on the river Belaya (Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia) catchment area. In calculating of water resources depletion risk several parameters were taken into account in particular: the area of watershed, catchment data of surface water and groundwater, data of land use, the average annual runoff, karst phenomena, vegetation. In this paper we use the method of import of geo data containing the soil composition, vegetation, geological structure and forest to assess the ecological condition of the river Belaya. There are defined the catchment areas of the river Belaya, which required immediate management solutions. Mapping of the Belaya River catchment areas requiring immediate management decisions was carried out.
Laboratory test of equivalent material as artificial ground
Authors: Sokornov Anton , Shaposhnikov Evgeny , Konkov Alexander
Published: March 2020

Appearing in the scientific literature in the second half of the twentieth century, the term “artificial ground” currently does not cover the entire range of geological formations associated with human activity. The authors of the article proposed a classification of artificial grounds, as well as put forward a number of considerations for strength tests of special group of artificial grounds – the equivalent materials for laboratory modeling.
Method for processing experimental strength data using statistical methods
Authors: Kasyanov Valeriy , Kosenko Evgeny , Kosenko Vera , Krymsky Vasily
Published: March 2020

The selective calculation method has been successfully applied for several centuries due to its profitability. However, when calculating the failure-freeness in the case of fatigue fractures (often sudden), when there is a significant power relationship m = 10-15 for the super-cycle loading region between the strength (hardness, endurance limit) and the effective voltage, the reduction of the minimum component life will be 10-100 or more times. This is due to the unaccounted main part of the population. In our example, there are 104 50 = 9950 units of such parts, i.e., their potential failures. Therefore, for this case, the selective method is an intermediate stage of calculations.
Distribution of oil products in bottom sediments of the Irtysh River in the urban area
Authors: Chemagin Andrey
Published: March 2020

It was shown that urbanized territories contribute to the pollution of bottom sediments of a watercourse by the example of a large river. It was established that the places of localization of the infrastructure of oil refineries, even after their transfer, continue to pollute the environment with oil products, with a periodic excess of the maximum permissible concentration of 20 mg·kg-1. The dynamics of the distribution of oil products in the bottom sediments of a watercourse depends on the meandering of the river, the presence of zones of active operation of the fleet and time of year. The smallest concentrations of oil products was observed at the site located upstream from the studied urbanized area adjacent to the city.
Methodology of estimation of forest-growing potential of soils and its approbation on the example of the Leningrad Region, Russian Federation
Authors: Aparin Boris , Zakharova Maria , Sukhacheva Elena , Terleev Vitaly , Nikonorov Aleksandr , Akimov Luka
Published: March 2020

A progressive growth of anthropogenic soils and non-soil formations in the soil cover of the taiga forest zone and a general decrease in the ecological potential of soils necessitate the development of policies for the rational use of soil resources. The analysis of approaches to forest vegetation assessment of soils is carried out. The concepts of specific and resource potentials are introduced, and our own methodology for their assessment is developed. The methodology for calculating potentials was tested on the example of the Leningrad region, typical of the North-West of the European part of Russia and the North of the Russian Plain. Natural soil areas were calculated using a digital soil map. The analysis of changes in forest growing potential of soils is carried out from the beginning of intensive development of the territory to the modern period. These calculations can form the basis for assessing the potential contribution of the region to ensuring the reproduction of forest resources.
Impacts of wildlife trade and sustainable development in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Duc Hanh , Dinh Thi Mai
Published: March 2020

Viet Nam harbors a high level of biological diversity in the world. However, Viet Nam is also known as one of the countries having a high demand of biological resource use in Asia. The illegal trade and consumption of wildlife products have become a major threat to the biodiversity. The consequences of unsustainable use in recent decades have led to a rapid population decline many animal and plant species particularly endangered species and many species are now facing extinction. A total of 179 species of animals and 94 species of plants was listed in the governmental decree as endangered and with a high priority of conservation concern.. A number of large mammals or flagship species have become extinct or their populations have been severely declined due to overexploitation and illegal collecting, for example: Javan Rhinoceros (extinct), Indochinese Tiger, Gray Gaur, Wild Buffalo, Golden Deer, and Eld’s Deer. Viet Nam has also known as an important hub and hotspot in Southeast Asia for the consumption of plant and wildlife products, and transit point for the illegal wildlife trade in Asia. Thousands of wildlife animals (more than 20, 000 tons per year) have been exploited and consumed for traditional medicine or trade purposes in Viet Nam. This article focuses on the challenges of prosecution and crimes relating to wildlife trade in Viet Nam. It also provides an analytical framework for assessing the impact of wildlife trade and criminal status relating to wildlife in Viet Nam on conservation and local livelihoods.
Influence of climate changes on filling loss dynamics (a case study from the Republic of Bashkortostan)
Authors: Elizaryev Alexey , Tarakanov Dmitry , Longobardi Antonia , Tarakanov Denis , Nasyrova Elina , Aksenov Sergey , Elizareva Elena
Published: March 2020

On the example of Republic of Bashkortostan, the study of the influence of climate changes on the dynamics of filling loss (big breathing) was carried out. The analysis of the homogeneity of the time series of the average annual air temperature allowed us to obtain periods in which the values of the average annual temperatures are unchanged. For the found periods, the values of losses from big breathing are calculated. The influence of climate change is shown by comparing the results of calculations of the values of big breathing in the first and last homogeneous time periods. Similarly, the influence of climate change on the seasonal values of big breathing in the period from 1950 to 2018 is shown. The results of the study showed that climate changes lead to an increase in the volume of filling loss throughout the Republic of Bashkortostan (by more than 3%). Seasonal losses are also increasing. The maximum growth is observed in winter. Changes in climate conditions lead to an increase in the risk of explosive situations due to filling loss, and an increase in the level of environmental pollution.
Economic aspects for determining attractiveness of territories
Authors: Viatkin Konstantyn , Shyshkin Eduard , Kamieniev Oleksandr , Pankeieva Anna , Viatkin Roman , Moroz Natalia
Published: March 2020

The paper is dedicated to issues related to the development of territories by means of improvement of efficiency and development of cityplanning systems. One of the top components of the territory attractiveness is economic. Economic indicators are formed taking into consideration development of social parameters of this territory, and have reverse influence on the social development of territory. Economic indicators have impact on economic and innovative components of territorial development. Therefore, the importance of issue related to the improvement of economic component efficiency defined the purpose of this paper. The paper analyses indicators and criteria of economic attractiveness of territory, such as business activity, production potential, human resources management and investment component. Territory economic attractiveness assessment method is proposed using analysis, assessment and calculation of every single indicator of economic component of spatial-organizational model of city-planning system.
Eco-anthropocentric approach in urban planning: European and Russian experience
Authors: Ivanova Zinaida
Published: March 2020

The article presents an idea that social consciousness should be changed in order to create humanized ecological city environment. This consciousness may be formed being influenced by external conditions: educational activities on creating such environment. The author analyses eco-anthropocentric approach to city territories development in Russia and European countries. Now that ecological problems are becoming more acute and the climate is changing, this approach is the only possible for creation of comfortable and safe environment. This is the way to preserve biosphere for the next generations too. The article observes the legislation in Russia, Germany, Denmark and the Netherlands in terms of obligatory measures to preserve the environment and people’s participation in decision-making. The author has conducted sociological studies using questionnaire, focus-groups and interview to find out the respondents’ attitude to actions of city government on developing the territories as well as the respondents’ recommendations on organizing public hearings concerning city problems. City planners – scientists from research institutes and Master students from Moscow State University of Civil Engineering were the respondents. The author’s conclusion is: the legislations of the observed European countries are more developed in terms of environmental protection and concern for people’s well-being as compared to Russia. Russia doesn’t have separate law on climatic changes. The sociological studies show critical attitude of Russian people to laws and governmental actions, though they haven’t showed high activity and determination to act, which means the social consciousness hasn’t yet become the base for transformations.