bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Prospective Study to Find Out the Association between Supine Lying Low Back Pain and Retrolisthesis
Authors: Dave Bharat R. , Mayi Shivanand C. , Krishnan Ajay , Kohli Ramneesh , Degulmadi Devanand , Rai Ravi Ranjan , Dave Mirant B.
Published: November 2022

Objectives: The objectives of this study was to test the primary hypothesis that “retrolisthesis causes supine lying low back pain (LBP).” Methods: Patients with history of chronic back pain (>12 weeks) who presented to the hospital outpatient department were evaluated. Patients with history of supine lying exaggeration of symptoms were specifically asked for duration, for which they can comfortably lie in supine position. Retrolisthesis in this study was measured on MRI mid sagittal image by measuring the slip percent. Slip percent of more than 8% was labeled as retrolisthesis. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software. Results: Average age of the study population was 41.46 ± 10.82 years. All the study participants had the history of supine lying LBP for 50 ± 54.51 weeks. About 94.78% (n = 115) of the study subjects had retrolisthesis on MRI. About 46.08% (n = 115) were house wives. L5-S1 was the most commonly involved level, three patients had no instability, and three patients had anterolisthesis. Duration of time up to which the patients can lie down in supine position was not statistically significant when analyzed with the VAS values for supine lying LBP and the slip percent. Conclusion: The presence of supine lying LBP in an individual should be strongly considered for the underlying subtle instability at the lumbar intervertebral segments and diagnostic evaluation should be performed to rule out retrolisthesis. Keywords: Retrolisthesis, Low back pain, supine lying, Lumbar instability, Vertebral slippage, Lateral stenosis, Dynamic radiograph.
Gorham Stout Disease- A Rare Disorder with Ambiguous Recommendations: A Systematic Review of literature
Authors: Krishnan Ajay , Agrawal Preethesh , Parmar Vatsal , Chauhan Vikrant , Degulmadi Devanand , Mayi Shivanand , Ranjan Ravi , Bali Shiv Kumar , Amin Prartham C , Charde Pranav R , Krishnan Preety A , Dave Mirant R , Dave Bharat R
Published: November 2022

Background: Vanishing bone disease / Gorham-Stout disease (GSD) is a condition that produces deformity and instability of bone. The fibro lympho-vascular tissue replaces the bone leading to massive osteolysis and its sequelae, but the exact cause is yet unknown. The disease involves the spine infrequently, but due to the proximity of the spinal cord it can seriously affect the patient. The aim of this study is to report as a review to contribute to the diagnosis, and treatment modalities in GSD affection of spine with the reported literature available from 1983 till March 2022. Materials & Method: This metanalysis study is focused on GSD involving the spine. The search was done in two databases PubMed and Google scholar from 1983 up to March 2022. The Study selection was done to study the demographic pattern of GSD in spine and its outcome with conservative and surgical treatment and to determine the best suitable medical treatment for stopping disease progression and achieving remission. Results: We retrieved 72 articles from Google scholar and PubMed out of which 5 articles were excluded (90 reported cases). Heffez criteria was followed for diagnosis in all these cases (n=86, 95.5%). 57 patients (64%) were operated and 33 patients (36%) were managed conservatively. Per-operative failure to achieve a fixation/reconstruction were reported in 2 (2.53%) cases. Number of surgeries till follow-up were average 1.70+ 1.23 (1-5) surgeries. The average follow-up of cases reported was 47.1+ 48.9 (3-240 months). Union was documented in 10 cases (3.4%). 9 of these cases needed additional bone graft/substitute. Bisphosphonates(n=40), sirolimus (n=5), interferon (n=17), radiotherapy (n= 31) and beta-blockers (n=4) were given in medications. 23 patients had remission. Death occurred in 17 patients (18.88%). Conclusion: Surgery is needed frequently. Failure of fixations, achieving union and remission are daunting and ’off label” therapies are the dictum. Radiotherapy has been used more frequently with or without bisphosphonates. Though promising medical treatment are evolving and focus of treatment is directed towards anti-angiogenic, anti-osteolytic and anabolic therapy, but no standard treatment recommendations can be made out from existing literature. Keywords: Vanishing bone disease, Gorham stout, Osteolysis, Spine, Deformity, Sirolimus, TNF
Fusion with Stabilization for the Treatment of Post-operative Lumbar Spondylodiscitis: Our Experience
Authors: Islam Md. Anowarul , Mahbub Wayez , Saha Suvradev , Islam Afia Ibnat
Published: November 2022

Objective: To analyse the outcome of fusion with stabilization for the treatment of postoperative lumbar spondylodiscitis. Background: Post-operative spondylodiscitis is a dreadful complication following disc surgery. Treatment option is either conservative or operative, but till date, there are no universally accepted treatment protocol. Many studies suggest early surgical intervention provides good outcome. Different mode of surgical interventions can be applied for its treatment like debridement only, debridement followed by fusion with or without stabilization. In this study, we treat all of our patients having post-operative spondylodiscitis by fusion with stabilization. Materials & methods: Retrospectively we reviewed 20 cases from January 2016 to July 2021 in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University and other private hospitals of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Post-operative spondylodiscitis was diagnosed according to history, specific clinical findings, laboratory and radiographic investigations. Surgery was the treatment of choice in our cases. Pre and postoperative evaluations were done by the Visual Analog scale (VAS), Nurick score for neurological outcome, Modified Kirkaldy–Willis criteria for functional outcome and Modified Lee’s criteria for fusion assessment. Results: Total number of patients was 20. Mean age was 48 years (range 22-83). Average follow-up period was 12 months. The period between the surgery and the onset of symptoms was 14 to 28 days. Pre-operative VAS score was 8.10±1.7 and post-operatively was 1.7±0.6 at the last follow-up (P< 0.001). Pre & post-operative Nurick score was 2.7 & 0.7. Functional outcome was assessed in our study by Modified Kirkaldy-Willis criteria which shows 90% patient have satisfactory outcome while 10% have unsatisfactory outcome. Modified Lee’s criteria show definitive fusion in 55%, probable fusion in 35% & possible pseudarthrosis in 10% cases. Conclusion: Early diagnosis and proper management are the keys to successful outcome of postoperative spondylodiscitis. Surgical management in the form of fusion and transpedicular fixation can give excellent results. Keywords: Sondylodiscitis, Fusion, Stabilizationp
Hirayama Disease: A Rare Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Sheth Sharvin K , Jhala Amit C , Shah Jay V
Published: November 2022

Hirayama disease is a rare neurological condition and is characterized by a sporadic juvenile muscular atrophy of distal upper extremity in young males. The disease is more prevalent in Japan and other Asian countries, though a few cases have been reported in Western countries as well. It manifests as a self-limiting, gradually progressive atrophic weakness of forearm and hand. The anterior displacement of posterior dura during neck flexion leading to cervical cord atrophy has been hypothesized. We discuss a case of a 21-year-old male patient with progressive distal upper extremity weakness, diagnosed with Hirayama disease, and literature review for the same. Keywords: Hirayama Disease, Juvenile muscular atrophy, Monomelic amyotrophy
Effective resistance against pandemics: Mobility network sparsification for high-fidelity epidemic simulations
Authors: Mercier Alexander , Scarpino Samuel , Moore Cristopher
Published: November 2022

Network science has increasingly become central to the field of epidemiology and our ability to respond to infectious disease threats. However, many networks derived from modern datasets are not just large, but dense, with a high ratio of edges to nodes. This includes human mobility networks where most locations have a large number of links to many other locations. Simulating large-scale epidemics requires substantial computational resources and in many cases is practically infeasible. One way to reduce the computational cost of simulating epidemics on these networks is sparsification, where a representative subset of edges is selected based on some measure of their importance. We test several sparsification strategies, ranging from naive thresholding to random sampling of edges, on mobility data from the U.S. Following recent work in computer science, we find that the most accurate approach uses the effective resistances of edges, which prioritizes edges that are the only efficient way to travel between their endpoints. The resulting sparse network preserves many aspects of the behavior of an SIR model, including both global quantities, like the epidemic size, and local details of stochastic events, including the probability each node becomes infected and its distribution of arrival times. This holds even when the sparse network preserves fewer than 10% of the edges of the original network. In addition to its practical utility, this method helps illuminate which links of a weighted, undirected network are most important to disease spread.
Look twice: A generalist computational model predicts return fixations across tasks and species
Authors: Zhang Mengmi , Armendariz Marcelo , Xiao Will , Rose Olivia , Bendtz Katarina , Livingstone Margaret , Ponce Carlos , Kreiman Gabriel
Published: November 2022

Primates constantly explore their surroundings via saccadic eye movements that bring different parts of an image into high resolution. In addition to exploring new regions in the visual field, primates also make frequent return fixations, revisiting previously foveated locations. We systematically studied a total of 44,328 return fixations out of 217,440 fixations. Return fixations were ubiquitous across different behavioral tasks, in monkeys and humans, both when subjects viewed static images and when subjects performed natural behaviors. Return fixations locations were consistent across subjects, tended to occur within short temporal offsets, and typically followed a 180-degree turn in saccadic direction. To understand the origin of return fixations, we propose a proof-of-principle, biologically-inspired and image-computable neural network model. The model combines five key modules: an image feature extractor, bottom-up saliency cues, task-relevant visual features, finite inhibition-of-return, and saccade size constraints. Even though there are no free parameters that are fine-tuned for each specific task, species, or condition, the model produces fixation sequences resembling the universal properties of return fixations. These results provide initial steps towards a mechanistic understanding of the trade-off between rapid foveal recognition and the need to scrutinize previous fixation locations.
Awareness and willingness to use HIV oral pre-exposure prophylaxis among people who inject drugs in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Iseselo Masunga K. , Tarimo Edith A. M. , Sandstrom Eric , Kulane Asli
Published: November 2022

People who inject drugs (PWID) are at increased risk of HIV infection. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) could help in HIV prevention among PWIDs. However, little is known about PrEP use among PWIDs in low and middle-income countries. This study reports the awareness of and willingness to use PrEP and the associated factors among PWID in Tanzania. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using respondent-driven sampling (RDS) to recruit PWIDs in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Chi-square statistical test was used during data analysis. The P-value of < 0.05 was used to ascertain the statistically significant relationship. IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0 was used to analyze the data. The analysis consisted of 260 PWIDs. The mean age of the respondents was 39.0 years with a standard deviation (SD) of ±7.5. Most of the respondents were male (n = 232, 89.2%) with primary education (n = 176, 67.7%). Despite the low awareness of PrEP (n = 42, 165.28%) in the study sample, the majority (n = 239, 91.9%) were willing to use PrEP. Both awareness of and willingness to use PrEP were associated with gender (p = .002 and p = < .001), awareness of HIV prevention programs(p = < .001 and p = .006), selling sex (p = .010 and p = .021), and frequency of condomless sexual intercourse (p = .029 and p = .025) respectively. In multivariable logistic regression, only gender(p = 0.046) was related to awareness of PrEP while awareness of HIV prevention programs (p = 0.009), the risk level of HIV infection(p = < .001), number of sexual partners(p = 0.046), and frequency of condomless sex(p = 0.032) were associated with willingness to use PrEP. Other factors were not statistically significant. Despite low awareness, PWIDs are highly willing to use PrEP. Future research should assess the acceptability of injectable PrEP for PWID, as their acquaintance with injection may make the formulation more practical.
Rice nitrogen nutrition monitoring classification method based on the convolution neural network model: Direct detection of rice nitrogen nutritional status
Authors: Zhai Qiang , Ye Chun , Li Shuang , Liu Jizhong , Guo Zhiming , Chang Ruzhi , Hua Jing
Published: November 2022

The nitrogen nutrition status affects the main factors of rice yield. In traditional rice nitrogen nutrition monitoring methods, most experts enter the farmland to observe leaf color and growth and apply an appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer according to the results. However, this method is labor- and time-consuming. To realize automatic rice nitrogen nutrition monitoring, we constructed the Jiangxi rice nitrogen nutrition monitoring model based on a convolution neural network (CNN) using the same region rice canopy image in different generation periods. Our CNN model was evaluated using multiple evaluation criteria (Accuracy, Recall, Precision, and F1 score). The results show that the same CNN model could distinguish the rice nitrogen nutrition status in different periods, which can completely realize the automatic discrimination of nitrogen nutrition status so as to guide the scientific nitrogen application of rice in this area. This will greatly improve the discrimination efficiency of the nitrogen nutrition status and reduce the time and labor cost. The application of the proposed method also proved that the CNN model can be applied in the discrimination of the nitrogen nutrition status. Among CNN models, GoogleNet model proposed a CNN architecture named Inception which can improve the depth of the network and extract higher-level features without changing the amount of calculation of the model. The GoogleNet model achieved the highest accuracy, 95.7%.
The relative age effect in top 100 elite female tennis players in 2007–2016
Authors: Zháněl Jiří , Válek Tomáš , Bozděch Michal , Agricola Adrián
Published: November 2022

The Relative Age Effect (RAE) has been the subject of many studies, but few have focused on professional athletes in individual sports. The aim of this study was to verify the existence of the RAE among elite senior female tennis players (top 100 players) in the WTA Rankings (n= 1000) in the years 2007–2016. The analysis was performed among top 100, resp. top 10 female tennis players, among players in 4 age subgroups and among left-handed (LH) and right-handed (RH) players. The existence of the RAE was assessed with the use of chi-square test (goodness of fit). More than half of top 100 players were born in first semester: both in individual years (53.0–63.0%) and in the whole observed period (58.4%). Significant RAE (ES medium) was observed in top 100 female players only in 2012 and 2016; significant RAE (ES small) was detected in the period of 2007–2016. Among the top 10 players, significant RAE (ES medium) was demonstrated during the whole period. No significant RAE (ES medium) was detected in the 17–18y subgroups, significant in 19–24y and 25–30y (ES small) as well as in 31–36y (ES medium). Although significant RAE was observed in the subgroups of LH and RH female players, ES was large only in the LH. The results contribute to the expansion of the knowledge about the reduction of the RAE existence in adulthood among coaches, athletes and tennis officials.
Breaking the link: Film pedagogy and drug policy in the United Kingdom
Authors: Killick Anthony , Salter Lee
Published: November 2022

Fifty-one years ago the UK government passed the Misuse of Drugs Act, establishing the three-tier drugs classification system that remains largely unchanged to this day. Since that time, representations of drugs and drug users in the media have fuelled (if not entirely fabricated) moral panics to which political actors are happy to respond, rather than engaging with more evidence-based yet publicly controversial solutions. The result is a link between drug policy and media representation that is characterized by ‘moral panic’ public outrage and knee-jerk government responses that are resistant to scientific evidence and the testimony of drug users. This article focuses on the ways in which some filmmakers have developed practices that aim to undermine the dominant hegemonic representation of drugs and drug users through airing discourses that are grounded in harm reduction, rather than criminality. We highlight the ways in which harm reduction discourses can be represented to verify and justify normalized policy positions centred on crime and punishment, or can be promoted through a selection of pedagogical filmmaking strategies that facilitate the testimony of drug users. We argue that certain filmmaking strategies confer possibilities for breaking the link between harmful drugs policy and simplified media representations of drugs and drug users.
La danza española contemporánea en espacios no convencionales: Daniel Doña
Authors: Cabrera Fructuoso María
Published: November 2022

En el siguiente artículo nos proponemos profundizar en el estudio de la danza española de la era de la globalización desde el contexto de los espacios alternativos. Para ello, ahondaremos en lo que implican conceptos como el espacio, la teatralización de esta danza y sus diferentes etapas históricas, así como los cambios que han desencadenado en una danza española contemporánea en espacios abiertos donde la hibridación, la transgresión, la diversidad y la experimentación son su sello. Tomaremos como referente de este tipo de representaciones al bailarín y creador Daniel Doña, a partir de tres obras creadas para espacios no convencionales: A pie de calle (2014), Nada personal (2016) y Campo cerrado (2019). Doña transforma, reinterpreta y recrea su danza por medio de una profunda investigación corporal, artística e histórica.
La comicidad y el lenguaje del soma: Reflexión autoetnográfica de dos payasos en la academia
Authors: Castillo Silva Catalina Del , Escobar Munévar Jorge Mario
Published: November 2022

El presente texto propone una reflexión autoetnográfica en torno al proyecto de investigación “La comicidad y el lenguaje del soma”, liderado en el Departamento de Artes Escénicas de la Pontificia Universidad Javeriana por los profesores Jorge Mario Escobar y Catalina Del Castillo. En este proceso de investigación-creación indagamos de qué manera la experiencia viva en primera persona, que se manifiesta en el movimiento corporal expresivo, se articula como lenguaje en la creación de una dramaturgia cómica. La creación de una obra escénica original fue la plataforma primordial para abordar nuestra pregunta, que culminó con la obra Planeta Rojo, la apertura de la asignatura Técnica Básica de Clown en la Carrera de Artes Escénicas y el presente escrito.
El dolor como imagen de lo real. Resignificación del CG-art mediante el uso de técnicas médicas de diagnóstico
Authors: Ocaña Mario , León Álvarez Angélica Marengla , García Carranco Alejandro
Published: November 2022

Un gran número de artistas incursionan en la producción de arte generativo mediante el uso del ordenador, pero las obras de arte, tanto en exposiciones como en imágenes en internet, son similares entre sí, originando un estancamiento creativo. El objetivo de este artículo es implementar una posible solución al problema planteado. Se retomó el concepto de CG-art de Margaret Boden y Ernest Edmonds, como un proceso de creación de imágenes con la mínima intervención del ser humano. Se usó el rizoma de Deleuze y Guattari como metodología de apertura semántica para resignificar el concepto de CG-art. Cada integrante de la investigación se sometió a una técnica de diagnóstico, como tomografía, rayos X y resonancia magnética. Los resultados son imágenes que se consideran, dentro del espectro de lo real y del dolor, como estética generativa en CG-art.
El ciudadano formado en el teatro... en y tras tiempos de pandemia
Authors: Jiménez Contreras Ana Victoria , Galicia Guevara Joshua Martín
Published: November 2022

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo reflexionar sobre la formación del ciudadano, mediante la reducción fenomenológica de Edmund Husserl, para sustentar las aportaciones del teatro en la educación para la ciudadanía. Como resultado, se espera incrementar la asistencia al convivio teatral y consolidar un análisis que pueda orientar estrategias de apoyo frente a problemáticas sociales. Por ejemplo, el impacto que actualmente tiene en las relaciones humanas el distanciamiento social como medida sanitaria para mitigar la propagación de Covid-19. Finalmente, tras reflexionar sobre la investigación a partir de la divulgación de la misma, encontramos nuevos horizontes de aprendizaje, actualizamos el conocimiento y nos reconocemos vivamente como humanos, aunque la frase suene un poco romántica.
Evaluation of bladder dysfunction in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus by uroflowmetry
Authors: Onder Camas Asan , Özel Şeyhmus Kerem , Kocabey Sütçü Zümrüt , Hepokur Merve , Emeksiz Hamdi Cihan
Published: November 2022

Objectives

Diabetic cystopathy is a condition characterized by decreased bladder sensitivity, increased bladder capacity, decreased bladder contractility and increased residual urine volume. It can also be considered as an early indicator of autonomic dysfunction. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate bladder functions by uroflowmetry in children and adolescents with the diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Methods

Type 1 diabetes mellitus children and adolescents were applied uroflowmetry and post-void residual urine volumes were evaluated. The physical examination findings of the patients and the laboratory data of diabetes control were obtained from the clinic files.

Results

A total of 51 cases aged 72–216 (155.6 ± 35.4) months were enrolled into the study. Diabetes age of the cases was 66.5 ± 46.2(13–180) months. The last one year average of HbA1cof the patients was found to be 9.7 ± 1.9%. A total of 9.8% had good, 39.2% moderate and 51% poor metabolic control, respectively. While urodynamic evaluation was normal in 36 (70.6%) of 51 participants, voiding dysfunction was found in 15. There was no statistically significant difference between groups with and without voiding dysfunction in terms of age, gender, duration of diabetes, metabolic control and HbA1cvalues.

Conclusions

It is very important to follow up patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus in terms of autonomic dysfunction. Diabetic bladder clinic, which can be observed independently of diabetes duration and metabolic control, is also included in this status. Urodynamic evaluation will be helpful both in demonstrating bladder dysfunction and in preventing possible complications.
Existence and multiplicity of solutions for second-order Dirichlet problems with nonlinear impulses
Authors: Ma Mantang , Ma Ruyun
Published: November 2022

We are concerned with Dirichlet problems of impulsive differential equations

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\left\{\begin{array}{l}-{u}^{^{\prime\prime} }\left(x)-\lambda u\left(x)+g\left(x,u\left(x))+\mathop{\displaystyle \sum }\limits_{j=1}^{p}{I}_{j}\left(u\left(x))\delta \left(x-{y}_{j})=f\left(x)\hspace{1em}\hspace{0.1em}\text{for a.e.}\hspace{0.1em}\hspace{0.33em}x\in \left(0,\pi ),\\ u\left(0)=u\left(\pi )=0,\\ \end{array}\right.

where

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is a parameter and runs near 1,

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denote the Dirac delta impulses concentrated at 0, which are applied at given points

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. We show the existence and multiplicity of solutions to the aforementioned problem for

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in a neighborhood of 1 by using degree theory and bifurcation theory.
Vertrauen und Akzeptanz bei KI-basierten, industriellen Arbeitssystemen
Authors: Jung Maria , Werens Samantha , von Garrel Jörg
Published: November 2022

Der Einsatz von Künstlicher Intelligenz wird bisher überwiegend technologisch betrachtet. Dabei werden häufig die Sicht der Arbeitnehmer:innen und mögliche Potenziale einer humanzentrierten Gestaltung, mit der ein höherer Grad an Selbstbestimmtheit für die Mitarbeiter:innen erreicht werden kann, vernachlässigt. Um mögliche Faktoren einer mitarbeiterfreundlichen Implementierung von bzw. in verschiedene KI-Systemen zu ermitteln, ist eine qualitative Studie durchgeführt worden.
Generierung von disruptiven Verbesserungsideen zur Arbeitsplatzgestaltung
Authors: Schuh Günther , Potente Till , Gützlaff Andreas , Wlecke Shari , Maetschke Jan , Musa Tarek , Trappmann Ronja
Published: November 2022

Zur Verbesserung eines Arbeitsplatzes bei der Phoenix Contact Electronics GmbH wurde das Hackathon-Konzept auf Lean-Fragestellungen im Sinne eines „Lean Hackathons“ übertragen. Das aus der Software- und Prototypenentwicklung bekannte Konzept des Hackathons ermöglicht die Fokussierung der Autonomie der Mitarbeitenden, um so umsetzbare disruptive Verbesserungen zu erzielen.
Die Auftragsfreigabe – Unterschätzte Aufgabe der Fertigungssteuerung?
Authors: Mütze Alexander , Brug Denis
Published: November 2022

Obwohl die Auftragsfreigabe als Bindeglied zwischen Produktionsplanung und Produktionssteuerung einen immensen Einfluss auf die Auftragsabwicklung und die Zielerreichung einer Produktion hat, scheint ihr in der Praxis eine vergleichsweise niedrige Bedeutung zugeschrieben zu werden. Mit diesem Beitrag sollen daher die PPS-Aufgabe Auftragsfreigabe näher beleuchtet, Entwicklungen und aktuelle Trends identifiziert und eine tiefergehende Auseinandersetzung mit den Verfahren und der Parametrierung dieser angeregt werden.
Prozessoptimierung mithilfe der Prozess-Atlas-Systematik
Authors: Köhler André , Sendler Markus
Published: November 2022

Die Prozess-Atlas-Systematik (PAS) stellt einen evolutionären Ansatz zur Analyse und Gestaltung industrieller Prozesse dar. Sie wurde mithilfe des Übertrags von Theorien der Kartographie entwickelt und zeichnet sich durch eine einfach erlernbare Notation sowie einen breiten Anwendungsbereich aus. Die PAS zwingt ihren Anwender zur Konzentration auf das Wesentliche und legt ein besonderes Augenmerk auf kritische Schnittstellen in der Ablauforganisation. In diesem Beitrag werden zunächst die Vorteile und Defizite etablierter Methoden der Prozessoptimierung anhand einer Nutzwertanalyse am Fallbeispiel der Instandhaltung von Hilfstriebwerken aufgezeigt. Anschließend werden die Anwendung und der Nutzen der PAS anhand des Fallbeispiels aus der Luftfahrtindustrie demonstriert.
Digitaler Schatten zur nachhaltigen Konfiguration von Losgrößen
Authors: Perau Martin , Fulterer Judith , Linnartz Maria , Schröer Tobias , Schuh Günther
Published: November 2022

Die verarbeitende Industrie in Deutschland steht vor der Transformation von der bisher vorherrschenden ökonomisch orientierten Produktion hin zu einer nachhaltigen Produktion. Durch die Anpassung von Parametern der Produktionsplanung und -steuerung, wie z. B. der Losgröße durch u. a. der Konsolidierung von Transportaufwänden oder geringen Reinigungsaufwänden, kann dabei eine nachhaltigere Produktion erreicht werden. Hierfür wurde mittels einer systematischen Methodik ein Digitaler Schatten konzeptioniert, der eine nachhaltige Konfiguration von Losgrößen ermöglicht. Dafür erfolgen eine Aggregation von Daten aus verschiedenen Informationssystemen und die Simulation des Verhaltens eines Produktionssystems bei veränderten Losgrößen. Diese ermöglichen eine optimierte Auslegung der Losgröße basierend auf ökonomischen und ökologischen Zielgrößen.
DISTRIBUIÇÃO SOCIOESPACIAL DE PRAÇAS URBANAS E OCORRÊNCIAS CRIMINAIS EM ESPAÇOS PÚBLICOS
Authors: Siqueira Santos Myllena , Letícia Andara Ramos Larissa , Aparecida Netto de Jesus Luciana
Published: November 2022

Um dos desafios das cidades contemporâneas é a manutenção da vida pública, ainda que seja um direito de todos, é também ameaçada pela violência urbana. Partindo do princípio de que fatores socioespaciais e do desenho urbano podem auxiliar na prevenção de ações criminosas e aumentar a sensação de segurança, o presente artigo analisa a relação entre a distribuição socioespacial de praças urbanas e incidências criminais nos espaços públicos, tendo como recorte o município de Vila Velha-ES. Após a contextualização temática, foram elaborados mapas da distribuição socioespacial das praças e mapas de densidade criminal em espaços públicos. Os resultados evidenciam uma fragmentação na distribuição das praças e alto índice de crimes violentos em áreas com ausência delas. As análises demonstram que a violência urbana, apesar de complexa, influencia e é influenciada pelo espaço urbano e, portanto, o planejamento das cidades deve considerar o desenho e a morfologia urbana.
A INFLUÊNCIA DO AMBIENTE DE BAIRRO PARA USO DA BICICLETA COMO MEIO DE TRANSPORTE
Authors: Beatriz Bortoletto Macciantelli Bruna , Bourquard Raquel , Priscila Morela Edra Fátima
Published: November 2022

Este artigo aborda o perfil do ciclista, motivações, destinos, frequência e impeditivos ao uso da bicicleta, assim como os ambientes de bairro em que esses ciclistas estão e sua infraestrutura. Objetivou-se entender como o ambiente de bairro influencia o uso da bicicleta como meio de transporte. As cidades de Niterói e Recife foram o estudo de caso. A metodologia teve por base pesquisas quantitativas longitudinais realizadas nas duas cidades no período de 2012 a 2020. Os resultados mostraram que a carência de infraestrutura cicloviária e o trânsito são apontadas como principais impeditivos. Ademais, que melhores níveis de segurança/educação fariam as pessoas pedalarem mais em ambas as cidades, havendo ainda bastante espaço para melhorar e desenvolver bairros e cidades, os quais poderão propiciar a adoção da bicicleta como meio de transporte.
MAPEAMENTO DE GRAFFITI FEITOS POR MULHERES NO CENTRO DO RIO DE JANEIRO
Authors: Amorim dos Santos da Silva Diana , Barbosa Vilas Boas Naylor
Published: November 2022

Este artigo apresenta uma análise sobre o mapeamento digital acerca das intervenções de graffiti realizadas por mulheres no bairro do Centro da cidade do Rio de Janeiro entre os anos de 2016 a 2022. Busca-se compreender a diversidade das artistas e de suas artes como experimentações táticas nos espaços públicos. O trabalho pretende colaborar com os estudos dos impactos das manifestações artísticas populares nas cidades contemporâneas, se inserindo nas áreas da Arquitetura e do Urbanismo. As visualizações cartográficas contribuíram na identificação de 210 obras e de 31 artistas, que juntamente as redes sociais de compartilhamentos, pode-se registrar e entender as relações das mulheres com a cidade através do graffiti.
FLAMMA
Authors: Pereira Paixão Letícia
Published: November 2022

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PANDEMONIUS
Authors: Terra Anajara
Published: November 2022

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A Noninvasive Method for Monitoring Breathing Patterns in Nonhuman Primates Using a Nasal Thermosensor
Authors: Kunimatsu Jun , Akiyama Yusuke , Toyoshima Osamu , Matsumoto Masayuki
Published: November 2022

Respiration is strongly linked to internal states such as arousal, emotion, and even cognitive processes and provides objective biological information to estimate these states in humans and animals. However, the measurement of respiration has not been established in macaque monkeys, which have been widely used as model animals for understanding various higher brain functions. In the present study, we developed a method to monitor the respiration of behaving monkeys. We first measured the temperature of their nasal breathing, which changes between inspiration and expiration phases, in an anesthetized condition and estimated the respiration pattern. We compared the estimated pattern with that obtained by a conventional chest band method that has been used in humans and applied to anesthetized, but not behaving, monkeys. These respiration patterns matched well, suggesting that the measurement of nasal air temperature can be used to monitor the respiration of monkeys. Furthermore, we confirmed that the respiration frequency in behaving monkeys monitored by the measurement of nasal air temperature was not affected by the orofacial movement of licking to obtain the liquid reward. We next examined the frequency of respiration when they listened to music or white noise. The respiratory frequency was higher when the monkeys listened to music than the noise. This result is consistent with a phenomenon in humans and indicates the accuracy of our monitoring method. These data suggest that the measurement of nasal air temperature enables us to monitor the respiration of behaving monkeys and thereby estimate their internal states.
Tree Shrews as an Animal Model for Studying Perceptual Decision-Making Reveal a Critical Role of Stimulus-Independent Processes in Guiding Behavior
Authors: Li Chuiwen , McHaney Kara M. , Sederberg Per B. , Cang Jianhua
Published: November 2022

Decision-making is an essential cognitive process by which we interact with the external world. However, attempts to understand the neural mechanisms of decision-making are limited by the current available animal models and the technologies that can be applied to them. Here, we build on the renewed interest in using tree shrews (Tupaia belangeri) in vision research and provide strong support for them as a model for studying visual perceptual decision-making. Tree shrews learned very quickly to perform a two-alternative forced choice contrast discrimination task, and they exhibited differences in response time distributions depending on the reward and punishment structure of the task. Specifically, they made occasional fast guesses when incorrect responses are punished by a constant increase in the interval between trials. This behavior was suppressed when faster incorrect responses were discouraged by longer intertrial intervals. By fitting the behavioral data with two variants of racing diffusion decision models, we found that the between-trial delay affected decision-making by modulating the drift rate of a time accumulator. Our results thus provide support for the existence of an internal process that is independent of the evidence accumulation in decision-making and lay a foundation for future mechanistic studies of perceptual decision-making using tree shrews.
Parallel Pathways Provide Hippocampal Spatial Information to Prefrontal Cortex
Authors: Messanvi Kokoe Fany , Berkun Kathleen , Perkins Aster , Chudasama Yogita
Published: November 2022

Long-range synaptic connections define how information flows through neuronal networks. Here, we combined retrograde and anterograde trans-synaptic viruses to delineate areas that exert direct and indirect influence over the dorsal and ventral prefrontal cortex (PFC) of the rat (both sexes). Notably, retrograde tracing using pseudorabies virus (PRV) revealed that both dorsal and ventral areas of the PFC receive prominent disynaptic input from the dorsal CA3 (dCA3) region of the hippocampus. The PRV experiments also identified candidate anatomical relays for this disynaptic pathway, namely, the ventral hippocampus, lateral septum, thalamus, amygdala, and basal forebrain. To determine the viability of each of these relays, we performed three additional experiments. In the first, we injected the retrograde monosynaptic tracer Fluoro-Gold into the PFC and the anterograde monosynaptic tracer Fluoro-Ruby into the dCA3 to confirm the first-order connecting areas and revealed several potential relay regions between the PFC and dCA3. In the second, we combined PRV injection in the PFC with polysynaptic anterograde viral tracer (HSV-1) in the dCA3 to reveal colabeled connecting neurons, which were evident only in the ventral hippocampus. In the third, we combined retrograde adeno-associated virus (AAV) injections in the PFC with an anterograde AAV in the dCA3 to reveal anatomical relay neurons in the ventral hippocampus and dorsal lateral septum. Together, these findings reveal parallel disynaptic pathways from the dCA3 to the PFC, illuminating a new anatomical framework for understanding hippocampal–prefrontal interactions. We suggest that the representation of context and space may be a universal feature of prefrontal function.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe known functions of the prefrontal cortex are shaped by input from multiple brain areas. We used transneuronal viral tracing to discover multiple prominent disynaptic pathways through which the dorsal hippocampus (specifically, the dorsal CA3) has the potential to shape the actions of the prefrontal cortex. The demonstration of neuronal relays in the ventral hippocampus and lateral septum presents a new foundation for understanding long-range influences over prefrontal interactions, including the specific contribution of the dorsal CA3 to prefrontal function.
Immunohistochemical Evaluation of BARX1, DLX4, FOXE1, HOXB3, and MSX2 in Non-syndromic Cleft-affected Tissue
Authors: Vaivads Mārtiņš , Akota Ilze , Pilmane Māra
Published: November 2022

Background: Nonsyndromic craniofacial clefts are relatively common congenital malformations which could create a significant negative effect on the health status and life quality of affected individuals within the pediatric population. Multiple cleft candidate genes and their coded proteins have been described with their possible involvement during cleft formation. Some of these proteins like Homeobox Protein BarH-like 1 (BARX1), Distal-Less Homeobox 4 (DLX4), Forkhead Box E1 (FOXE1), Homeobox Protein Hox-B3 (HOXB3), and Muscle Segment Homeobox 2 (MSX2) have been associated with the formation of craniofacial clefts. Understanding the pathogenetic mechanisms of nonsyndromic craniofacial cleft formation could provide a better knowledge in cleft management and could be a possible basis for development and improvement of cleft treatment options. This study investigates the presence of BARX1, DLX4, FOXE1, HOXB3, and MSX2 positive cells by using immunohistochemistry in different types of cleft-affected tissue while determining their possible connection with cleft pathogenesis process.Materials and Methods: Craniofacial cleft tissue material was obtained during cleft-correcting surgery from patients with nonsyndromic craniofacial cleft diagnosis. Tissue material was gathered from patients who had unilateral cleft lip (n=36), bilateral cleft lip (n=13), and cleft palate (n=26). Control group (n=7) tissue material was received from individuals without any craniofacial clefts. The number of factor positive cells in the control group and patient group tissue was evaluated by using the semiquantitative counting method. Data was evaluated with the use of nonparametric statistical methods.Results: Statistically significant differences were identified between the number of BARX1, FOXE1, HOXB3, and MSX2-containing cells in controls and cleft patient groups but no statistically significant difference was found for DLX4. Statistically significant correlations between the evaluated factors were also notified in cleft patient groups.Conclusions: HOXB3 could be more associated with morphopathogenesis of unilateral cleft lip during postnatal course of the disorder. FOXE1 and BARX1 could be involved with both unilateral and bilateral cleft lip morphopathogenesis. The persistence of MSX2 in all evaluated cleft types could indicate its possible interaction within multiple cleft types. DLX4 most likely is not involved with postnatal cleft morphopathogenesis process.
Experience with Dopamine Agonists in the Treatment of Prolactinomas
Authors: Barabash Nadiya , Tykhonova Tetiana M.
Published: November 2022

The article is devoted to the conservative treatment of hyperprolactinemia of tumor origin. Cabergoline is considered as an effective treatment not only for microadenomas but also for large pituitary tumors which is illustrated by the clinical case of the patient P. The most important effects of cabergoline demonstrated in this clinical case are reduction in the size of the adenoma from macro to micro, reverse development of chiasmal syndrome with restoration of visual functions, achievement and maintenance of the target level of prolactin. Besides the article focused on the possible development of primary and secondary resistance to dopamine analogues. One of such difficult clinical scenario is illustrated by clinical case of patient M., who was treated with different dopamine analogues with the development of secondary dopamine resistance. Along with described in literature possible mechanisms for its development in our patient we also suggest the role of prolonged inadequate therapy with dopamine agonists, when the dose of the drug was not properly adjusted, despite not reaching the target prolactin level. The literature considers several ways of optimization of treatment in resistant patients but despite of this fact it remains one of unresolved problems in the management of patients with hyperprolactinemia.
Deformations in the thrust zone between the Zelemianka and Parashka Skybas of the Ukrainian Carpathian Skyba Nappe (Hrebeniv quarry)
Authors: Bogdanova Milena
Published: November 2022

In the article, based on own field observations, the deformation structures into the thrust zone of the Zelemianka Skyba (=thrust-sheet) onto the Parashka Skyba (the Ukrainian Carpathian Skyba Nappe) are described. They are exposed in the Hrebeniv quarry located in the Opir River basin (Lviv Region, Skole district). The tectonically disintegrated Stryi Formation (Upper-Cretaceous–Paleocene flysch) characterized by the rigid sandstone blocks (formed mainly as a result of boudinage) placed in a ductile clay matrix is represented in the Hrebeniv quarry. This formation is proposed to be classified as a “broken formation”, which is strongly tectonized, but retain their lithological and stratigraphic identity. It is a transitional element between the weakly deformed strata and tectonic mélange. Their characteristic features are: linearity of the distribution zone; significant monomictic composition and absence of exotic formations; the presence of an intensively tectonized matrix with clastolites (blocks) of less tectonized rocks of the same lithostratum (formation, series); the presence of newly formed hydrothermal minerals in clastolite cracks; the upper and lower contacts limiting the broken formation have a tectonic nature. An intensely tectonized matrix and a weakly tectonized rigid blocks belong to the same stratigraphic unit in a broken formation. The structural features suggest a brittle deformations in the studied rocks. Tectonic processes occurred in the completely lithified deposits. Thrust processes were accompanied by the formation of the duplexes, including antiformal stack duplexes, which are well expressed in the quarry. Duplexes are observed in different parts of the quarry, and the most representative ones are developed in its central section. Horses in the duplexes are characterized by a size of 1 to 3 meters here. They are generally subparallel, which is consistent with monoclinal bedding, however, they sometimes acquire an antiform appearance as a result of tectonic thrusting.
Non-ore minerals of veinlet-impregnated mineralization in the deposits of the Krosno zone of the Ukrainian Carpathians (district of the new Beskydy railway tunnel)
Authors: Naumko Ihor , Zankovych Halyna , Koкhan Oksana , Vovk Olexander , Kuzemko Yaroslav , Saкhno Bohdan , Serkiz Roman
Published: November 2022

The construction of the new Beskydy railway tunnel, which revealed the indigenous deposits of the Krosno formation of the Ukrainian Carpathians, provided an opportunity to obtain new results from the study of another prospective oil and gas-bearing areas of the flysch formation within the Krosno structural-facies unit. There is a second tunnel in length in Ukraine and passes under the Verkhovyna watershed ridge of the Ukrainian Carpathians. Its section is represented by the rocks of the Krosno formation, namely the stratification of sandstones, argillites and silt stones. There are two fracture zones have been indentified here, in which developed veinle-impregnated mineralization of ore (sulfides) and non-ore (calcite and quartz type of the “Marmarosh diamonds”) minerals. Calcite and quartz formas monominerals veins and in paragenesis calcite-quartz type of the “Marmarosh diamonds” ‒ sulfides. Quartz occurs in the form of splice sand well-faceted crystals, transparent, in yellow, brown, black, green colour. Calcite of a milky, translucent colour in the form of veins, veinlets, impregnation, powder on quartz, druz. Contains significant impurities of magnesium, manganese and iron which means the presence of a rhodochrosite-magnesite-siderite component. Hydrocarbon fluids are present in all calcite and quartz crystals of the “Marmarosh diamonds” type. By chemical composition, it is methane with impurities of higher hydrocarbons (up to hexane). Sometimes the manifestations of the outflow of a black substance with the smell of oil from the cracks in the veinlet-impregnated mineralization are recorded studied rock complexes of the flysch formation of the Krosno zone of the Ukrainian Carpathians (construction area of the new branch of the Beskydy railway tunnel), which acquires an important genetic significance.