bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Gersdorffite-Bismuthinite-Native Gold Association and the Skarn-Porphyry Mineralization in the Kamariza Mining District, Lavrion, Greece
Authors: Voudouris Panagiotis , Mavrogonatos Constantinos , Rieck Branko , Kolitsch Uwe , Spry Paul , Scheffer Christophe , Tarantola Alexandre , Vanderhaeghe Olivier , Galanos Emmanouil , Melfos Vasilios , Zaimis Stefanos , Soukis Konstantinos , Photiades Adonis
Published: November 2018

Vein-type Pb-Ni-Bi-Au-Ag mineralization at the Clemence deposit in the Kamariza and “km3” in the Lavrion area, was synchronous with the intrusion of a Miocene granodiorite body and related felsic and mafic dikes and sills within marbles and schists in the footwall of (and within) the Western Cycladic detachment system. In the Serpieri deposit (Kamariza area), a porphyry-style pyrrhotite-arsenopyrite mineralized microgranitic dike is genetically related to a garnet-wollastonite bearing skarn characterized by a similar base metal and Ni (up to 219 ppm) enrichment. The Ni–Bi–Au association in the Clemence deposit consists of initial deposition of pyrite and arsenopyrite followed by an intergrowth of native gold-bismuthinite and oscillatory zoned gersdorffite. The zoning is related to variable As, Ni, and Fe contents, indicating fluctuations of arsenic and sulfur fugacity in the hydrothermal fluid. A late evolution towards higher sulfur fugacity in the mineralization is evident by the deposition of chalcopyrite, tennantite, enargite, and galena rimming gersdorffite. At the “km3” locality, Ni sulfides and sulfarsenides, vaesite, millerite, ullmannite, and polydymite, are enclosed in gersdorffite and/or galena. The gersdorffite is homogenous and contains less Fe (up to 2 wt.%) than that from the Clemence deposit (up to 9 wt.%). Bulk ore analyses of the Clemence ore reveal Au and Ag grades both exceeding 100 g/t, Pb and Zn > 1 wt.%, Ni up to 9700 ppm, Co up to 118 ppm, Sn > 100 ppm, and Bi > 2000 ppm. The “km3” mineralization is enriched in Mo (up to 36 ppm), Ni (>1 wt.%), and Co (up to 1290 ppm). Our data further support a magmatic contribution to the ore-forming fluids, although remobilization and leaching of metals from previous mineralization and/or host rocks, through the late involvement of non-magmatic fluid in the ore system, cannot be excluded.
Depositional Architecture and Facies of a Complete Reef Complex Succession: A Case Study of the Permian Jiantianba Reefs, Western Hubei, South China
Authors: Chen Beichen , Xie Xinong , Al-Aasm Ihsan S. , Feng Feng , Zhou Mo
Published: November 2018

The Upper Permian Changhsingian Jiantissanba reef complex is a well-known platform marginal reef, located in the western Hubei Province, China. Based on field observations and lithological analysis of the entire exposed reef complex, 12 reef facies have been distinguished according to their sedimentary components and growth fabrics. Each of the lithofacies is associated with a specific marine environment. Vertically traceable stratal patterns reveal 4 types of the lithologic associations of the Jiantianba reef: (1) heterozoan reef core association: developed in the deep marginal platform with muddy composition; (2) photozoan reef core association developed within the photic zone; (3) tide-controlled reef crest association with tidal-dominated characteristic of lithofacies in the shallow water; and (4) reef-bank association dominated by bioclastic components. The entire reef complex shows a complete reef succession revealing a function of the wave-resistant and morphological units. This study displays a complete sedimentary succession of Jiantianba reef, which provides a more accurate and comprehensive description of the reef lithofacies and a better understanding of the structure and composition of organic reefs.
Synthesis of Carvone-Derived 1,2,3-Triazoles Study of Their Antioxidant Properties and Interaction with Bovine Serum Albumin
Authors: Galstyan Armen S. , Martiryan Armen I. , Grigoryan Karine R. , Ghazaryan Armine G. , Samvelyan Melanya A. , Ghochikyan Tariel V. , Nenajdenko Valentine G.
Published: November 2018

Natural L-carvone was utilized as a starting material for an efficient synthesis of some terpenyl-derived 1,2,3-triazoles. Chlorination of carvone, followed by nucleophilic substitution with sodium azide resulted in the preparation of 10-azidocarvone. Subsequent CuAAC click reaction with propargylated derivatives provided an efficient synthetic route to a set of terpenyl-derived conjugates with increased solubility in water. All investigated compounds exhibit high antioxidant activity, which is comparable with that of vitamin C. It was also found that serum albumin and the terpenyl-1,2,3-triazoles hybrids spontaneously undergo reversible binding driven by hydrophobic interactions, suggesting that serum albumin can transport the target triazoles.
Development of New Analytical Microwave-Assisted Extraction Methods for Bioactive Compounds from Myrtle (Myrtus communis L.)
Authors: V. González de Peredo Ana , Vázquez-Espinosa Mercedes , Espada-Bellido Estrella , Jiménez-Cantizano Ana , Ferreiro-González Marta , Amores-Arrocha Antonio , Palma Miguel , G. Barroso Carmelo , F. Barbero Gerardo
Published: November 2018

The phenolic compounds and anthocyanins present in myrtle berries are responsible for its beneficial health properties. In the present study, a new, microwave-assisted extraction for the analysis of both phenolic compounds and anthocyanins from myrtle pulp has been developed. Different extraction variables, including methanol composition, pH, temperature, and sample–solvent ratio were optimized by applying a Box–Behnken design and response surface methodology. Methanol composition and pH were the most influential variables for the total phenolic compounds (58.20% of the solvent in water at pH 2), and methanol composition and temperature for anthocyanins (50.4% of solvent at 50 °C). The methods developed showed high repeatability and intermediate precision (RSD < 5%). Both methods were applied to myrtle berries collected in two different areas of the province of Cadiz (Spain). Hierarchical clustering analysis results show that the concentration of bioactive compounds in myrtle is related to their geographical origin.
Evaluation of Strategies to Produce Highly Porous Cross-Linked Aggregates of Porcine Pancreas Lipase with Magnetic Properties
Authors: Guimarães José Renato , Giordano Raquel de Lima Camargo , Fernandez-Lafuente Roberto , Tardioli Paulo Waldir
Published: November 2018

The preparation of highly porous magnetic crosslinked aggregates (pm-CLEA) of porcine pancreas lipase (PPL) is reported. Some strategies to improve the volumetric activity of the immobilized biocatalyst were evaluated, such as treatment of PPL with enzyme surface-modifying agents (polyethyleneimine or dodecyl aldehyde), co-aggregation with protein co-feeders (bovine serum albumin and/or soy protein), use of silica magnetic nanoparticles functionalized with amino groups (SMNPs) as separation aid, and starch as pore-making agent. The combination of enzyme surface modification with dodecyl aldehyde, co-aggregation with SMNPs and soy protein, in the presence of 0.8% starch (followed by hydrolysis of the starch with α-amylase), yielded CLEAs expressing high activity (immobilization yield around 100% and recovered activity around 80%), high effectiveness factor (approximately 65% of the equivalent free enzyme activity) and high stability at 40 °C and pH 8.0, i.e., PPL CLEAs co-aggregated with SMNPs/bovine serum albumin or SMNPs/soy protein retained 80% and 50% activity after 10 h incubation, respectively, while free PPL was fully inactivated after 2 h. Besides, highly porous magnetic CLEAs co-aggregated with soy protein and magnetic nanoparticles (pm-SP-CLEAs) showed good performance and reusability in the hydrolysis of tributyrin for five 4h-batches.
Insecticidal Activities of Chloramphenicol Derivatives Isolated from a Marine Alga-Derived Endophytic Fungus, Acremonium vitellinum, against the Cotton Bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Chen Dan , Zhang Peng , Liu Tong , Wang Xiu-Fang , Li Zhao-Xia , Li Wei , Wang Feng-Long
Published: November 2018

A great deal of attention has been focused on the secondary metabolites produced by marine endophytic fungi, which can be better alternatives to chemicals, such as biopesticides, for control of polyphagous pests. On the basis of its novel biocontrol attributes, chemical investigation of a marine alga-derived endophytic fungus, Acremonium vitellinum, resulted in the isolation of three chloramphenicol derivatives (compounds 1–3). Their chemical structures were elucidated by detailed analysis of their nuclear magnetic resonance spectra, high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, and by comparison with the data available in the literature. In this paper, compound 2 was firstly reported as the natural origin of these fungal secondary metabolites. The insecticidal activities of compounds 1–3 against the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera, were evaluated. The natural compound 2 presented considerable activity against H. armigera, with an LC50 value of 0.56 ± 0.03 mg/mL (compared to matrine with an LC50 value of 0.24 ± 0.01 mg/mL). Transcriptome sequencing was used to evaluate the molecular mechanism of the insecticidal activities. The results presented in this study should be useful for developing compound 2 as a novel, ecofriendly and safe biopesticide.
Electrochemistry Study of Permselectivity and Interfacial Electron Transfers of a Branch-Tailed Fluorosurfactant Self-Assembled Monolayer on Gold
Authors: Li Shanshan , Luo Qingying , Zhang Zhiqing , Shen Guanghui , Wu Hejun , Chen Anjun , Liu Xingyan , Li Meiliang , Zhang Aidong
Published: November 2018

We investigated the permselectivity and interfacial electron transfers of an amphiphilic branch-tailed fluorosurfactant self-assembled monolayer (FS-SAM) on a gold electrode by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The FS-SAM was prepared by a self-assembly technique and a “click” reaction. The barrier property and interfacial electron transfers of the FS-SAM were also evaluated using various probes with different features. The FS-SAM allowed a higher degree of permeation by small hydrophilic (Cl− and F−) electrolyte ions than large hydrophobic (ClO4− and PF6−) ones. Meanwhile, the redox reaction of the Fe(CN)63− couple was nearly completely blocked by the FS-SAM, whereas the electron transfer of Ru(NH3)63+ was easier than that of Fe(CN)63−, which may be due to the underlying tunneling mechanism. For hydrophobic dopamine, the hydrophobic bonding between the FS-SAM exterior fluoroalkyl moieties and the hydrophobic probes, as well as the hydration resistance from the interior hydration shell around the oligo (ethylene glycol) moieties, hindered the transport of hydrophobic probes into the FS-SAM. These results may have profound implications for understanding the permselectivity and electron transfers of amphiphilic surfaces consisting of molecules containing aromatic groups and branch-tailed fluorosurfactants in their structures.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Anticancer Activities of Novel C-28 Guanidine-Functionalized Triterpene Acid Derivatives
Authors: Spivak Anna , Khalitova Rezeda , Nedopekina Darya , Dzhemileva Lilya , Yunusbaeva Milyausha , Odinokov Victor , D’yakonov Vladimir , Dzhemilev Usein
Published: November 2018

Triterpene acids, namely, 20,29-dihydrobetulinic acid (BA), ursolic acid (UA) and oleanolic acid (OA) were converted into C-28-amino-functionalized triterpenoids 4–7, 8a, 15, 18 and 20. These compounds served as precursors for the synthesis of novel guanidine-functionalized triterpene acid derivatives 9b–12b, 15c, 18c and 20c. The influence of the guanidine group on the antitumor properties of triterpenoids was investigated. The cytotoxicity was tested on five human tumor cell lines (Jurkat, K562, U937, HEK, and Hela), and compared with the tests on normal human fibroblasts. The antitumor activities of the most tested guanidine derivatives was lower, than that of corresponding amines, but triterpenoids with the guanidine group were less toxic towards human fibroblasts. The introduction of the tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane moiety into the molecules of triterpene acids markedly enhanced the cytotoxic activity of the resulting conjugates 15, 15c, 18b,c and 20b,c irrespective of the triterpene skeleton type. The dihydrobetulinic acid amine 15, its guanidinium derivative 15c and guanidinium derivatives of ursolic and oleanolic acids 18c and 20c were selected for extended biological investigations in Jurkat cells, which demonstrated that the antitumor activity of these compounds is mediated by induction of cell cycle arrest at the S-phase and apoptosis.
In Vitro Antioxidant and Anti-Propionibacterium acnes Activities of Cold Water, Hot Water, and Methanol Extracts, and Their Respective Ethyl Acetate Fractions, from Sanguisorba officinalis L. Roots
Authors: Kim Seongdae , Oh Sung , Noh Han Byul , Ji Seongmi , Lee Song Hee , Koo Jung Mo , Choi Chang Won , Jhun Hyun Pyo
Published: November 2018

Identification of medicinal plants and naturally derived compounds as new natural antioxidant and antibacterial sources for topical acne treatment has long been important. To determine anti-Propionibacterium acnes activity and in vitro antioxidant activities, Sanguisorba officinalis L. root (SOR) was extracted with cold water (CWE), hot water (HWE), and methanol (ME), and each extract was fractionated successively with hexane, ethyl acetate (EA), and butanol to determine whether the activities could be attributed to the total phenolic, flavonoid, terpenoid, and condensed tannin contents. Pearson’s correlation coefficients were analyzed between the respective variables. The SOR CWE, HWE, ME, and their respective EA fractions showed anti-P. acnes activity based on the paper disc diffusion method on agar plates, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC). The MIC against P. acnes had a moderate (+) correlation with the total phenolic content, but not with the other measures. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging capacity (SC) had a strong (–) correlation with the total phenolic content and a moderate (–) correlation with the total flavonoid content. The total antioxidant capacity had a strong (+) correlation with the condensed tannin content. Linoleic acid peroxidation inhibition had a strong (–) correlation with the total phenolic content. To elucidate the major active phytochemicals in the CWE-EA, HWE-EA, and ME-EA fractions, high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) and ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with hybrid triple quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS) were performed. The HPLC-UV analysis showed the presence of nine compounds in common (arjunic acid and/or euscaphic acid, gallic acid, kaempferol, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, tannic acid, and coumarin, quercetin). The UHPLC-QTOF-MS analysis showed the presence of nine compounds in common (gallic acid; caffeic acid; umbelliferone; arjunic acid, euscaphic acid, and/or tormentic acid; pomolic acid; rosamultic acid; and benzoic acid). When standards of the identified phytochemicals were tested against the same bacterium, quercetin, coumarin, and euscaphic acid showed antibacterial activity against P. acnes.
Soil Chemical Properties Barely Perturb the Abundance of Entomopathogenic Fusarium oxysporum: A Case Study Using a Generalized Linear Mixed Model for Microbial Pathogen Occurrence Count Data
Authors: Sharma Lav , Oliveira Irene , Raimundo Fernando , Torres Laura , Marques Guilhermina
Published: November 2018

Fusarium oxysporum exhibits insect pathogenicity—however, generalized concerns of releasing phytopathogens within agroecosystems marred its entomopathogenicity-related investigations. In a previous study, soils were sampled from Douro vineyards and adjacent hedgerows. In this study, 80 of those soils were analyzed for their chemical properties and were subsequently co-related with the abundance of entomopathogenic F. oxysporum, after insect baiting of soils with Galleria mellonella and Tenebrio molitor larvae. The soil chemical properties studied were organic matter content; total organic carbon; total nitrogen; available potassium; available phosphorus; exchangeable cations, such as K+, Na+, Ca2+, and Mg2+; pH; total acidity; degree of base saturation; and effective cation exchange capacity. Entomopathogenic F. oxysporum was found in 48 soils, i.e., 60% ± 5.47%, of the total soil samples. Out of the 1280 insect larvae used, 93, i.e., 7.26% ± 0.72%, were found dead by entomopathogenic F. oxysporum. Stepwise deletion of non-significant variables using a generalized linear model was followed by a generalized linear mixed model (GLMM). A higher C:N (logarithmized) (p < 0.001) and lower exchangeable K+ (logarithmized) (p = 0.008) were found significant for higher fungal abundance. Overall, this study suggests that entomopathogenic F. oxysporum is robust with regard to agricultural changes, and GLMM is a useful statistical tool for count data in ecology.
The Asymptotic Decision Scenarios of an Emerging Stock Exchange Market: Extreme Value Theory and Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Ibn Musah Abdul-Aziz , Du Jianguo , Ud din Khan Hira Salah , Abdul-Rasheed Akeji Alhassan Alolo
Published: November 2018

In recent times, investing in volatile security increases the risk of losses and reduces gains. Many traders who depend on these risks indulge in multiple volatility procedures to inform their trading strategies. We explore two models to measure the tails behaviour and the period the stock will gain or fall within a five-month trading period. We obtained data from the Ghana stock exchange and applied generalized extreme value distribution validated by backtesting and an artificial neural network for forecasting. The network training produces and manages more than 90% accuracy respectively for gains and falls for given input-output pairs. Based on this, estimates of extreme value distribution proves that it is formidable. There is a significant development in market prediction in assessing the results of actual and forecast performance. The study reveals that once every five months, at a 5% confidence level, the market is expected to gain and fall 2.12% and 2.23%, respectively. The Ghana stock exchange market showed a maximum monthly stock gain above or below 2.12% in the fourth and fifth months, whiles maximum monthly stock fell above or below 2.23% in the third and fourth months. The study reveals that once every five months’ trading period, the stock market will gain and fall by almost an equal percentage, with a significant increase in value-at-risk and expected shortfall at the left tail as the quantiles increases compared to the right tail.
The Value-At-Risk Estimate of Stock and Currency-Stock Portfolios’ Returns
Authors: Su Jung-Bin , Hung Jui-Cheng
Published: November 2018

This study utilizes the seven bivariate generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) models to forecast the out-of-sample value-at-risk (VaR) of 21 stock portfolios and seven currency-stock portfolios with three weight combinations, and then employs three accuracy tests and one efficiency test to evaluate the VaR forecast performance for the above models. The seven models are constructed by four types of bivariate variance-covariance specifications and two approaches of parameters estimates. The four types of bivariate variance-covariance specifications are the constant conditional correlation (CCC), asymmetric and symmetric dynamic conditional correlation (ADCC and DCC), and the BEKK, whereas the two types of approach include the standard and non-standard approaches. Empirical results show that, regarding the accuracy tests, the VaR forecast performance of stock portfolios varies with the variance-covariance specifications and the approaches of parameters estimate, whereas it does not vary with the weight combinations of portfolios. Conversely, the VaR forecast performance of currency-stock portfolios is almost the same for all models and still does not vary with the weight combinations of portfolios. Regarding the efficiency test via market risk capital, the NS-BEKK model is the most suitable model to be used in the stock and currency-stock portfolios for bank risk managers irrespective of the weight combination of portfolios.
QoS in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Mitton Nathalie
Published: November 2018

The last decades have witnessed advances in multiple wireless sensor networks in both the academic and industrial world. [...]
Design and Characteristic Analysis of Cross-Capacitance Fuel-Level Sensor
Authors: Yu Jing , Yu Hang , Li Dongsheng
Published: November 2018

A cross-capacitance liquid level sensor is based on the principle of cross capacitance. This study designed a new single-tube cross-capacitance fuel-level sensor. The fuel-level measurement model is established for a single-tube cross-capacitive sensor, and the relationship between the measured liquid level and sensor output capacitance is derived. The characteristics of the sensor were tested experimentally. The experimental results demonstrate that the linearity error of the liquid-level sensor of the single-tube calculation for the spacecraft is ±0.48%, the repeatability error is ±0.47%, and the hysteresis error is ±0.68%. The cross-capacitive fuel-level sensor developed in this study can be used in the fuel tank of spacecrafts owing to its low weight and high precision.
A SFTD Algorithm for Optimizing the Performance of the Readout Strategy of Residence Time Difference Fluxgate
Authors: Chen Siyu , Wang Yanzhang , Lin Jun
Published: November 2018

Residence time difference (RTD) fluxgate sensor is a potential device to measure the DC or low-frequency magnetic field in the time domain. Nevertheless, jitter noise and magnetic noise severely affect the detection result. A novel post-processing algorithm for jitter noise reduction of RTD fluxgate output strategy based on the single-frequency time difference (SFTD) method is proposed in this study to boost the performance of the RTD system. This algorithm extracts the signal that has a fixed frequency and preserves its time-domain information via a time–frequency transformation method. Thereby, the single-frequency signal without jitter noise, which still contains the ambient field information in its time difference, is yielded. Consequently, compared with the traditional comparator RTD method (CRTD), the stability of the RTD estimation (in other words, the signal-to-noise ratio of residence time difference) has been significantly boosted with sensitivity of 4.3 μs/nT. Furthermore, the experimental results reveal that the RTD fluxgate is comparable to harmonic fluxgate sensors, in terms of noise floor.
Indoor Smartphone Localization Based on LOS and NLOS Identification
Authors: Jo Hyeon Jeong , Kim Seungku
Published: November 2018

Accurate localization technology is essential for providing location-based services. Global positioning system (GPS) is a typical localization technology that has been used in various fields. However, various indoor localization techniques are required because GPS signals cannot be received in indoor environments. Typical indoor localization methods use the time of arrival, angle of arrival, or the strength of the wireless communication signal to determine the location. In this paper, we propose an indoor localization scheme using signal strength that can be easily implemented in a smartphone. The proposed algorithm uses a trilateration method to estimate the position of the smartphone. The accuracy of the trilateration method depends on the distance estimation error. We first determine whether the propagation path is line-of-sight (LOS) or non-line-of-sight (NLOS), and distance estimation is performed accordingly. This LOS and NLOS identification method decreases the distance estimation error. The proposed algorithm is implemented as a smartphone application. The experimental results show that distance estimation error is significantly reduced, resulting in accurate localization.
Label-Free Time-Gated Luminescent Detection Method for the Nucleotides with Varying Phosphate Content
Authors: Kopra Kari , Seppälä Tanja , Rabara Dana , Abreu-Blanco Maria , Kulmala Sakari , Holderfield Matthew , Härmä Harri
Published: November 2018

A new label-free molecular probe for luminescent nucleotide detection in neutral aqueous solution is presented. Phosphate-containing molecules, such as nucleotides possess vital role in cell metabolism, energy economy, and various signaling processes. Thus, the monitoring of nucleotide concentration and nucleotide related enzymatic reactions is of high importance. Two component lanthanide complex formed from Tb(III) ion carrier and light harvesting antenna, readily distinguishes nucleotides containing different number of phosphates and enable direct detection of enzymatic reactions converting nucleotide triphosphate (NTP) to nucleotide di/monophosphate or the opposite. Developed sensor enables the detection of enzymatic activity with a low nanomolar sensitivity, as highlighted with K-Ras and apyrase enzymes in their hydrolysis assays performed in a high throughput screening compatible 384-well plate format.
Space-Based Focal Plane Ambiguous Measurement Ballistic Target MeMber Tracking
Authors: Zhao Wei , Huang Shucai , Cao Wenhuan
Published: November 2018

Aimed at space-based passive detection and tracking of ballistic targets, a multi-target multi-Bernoulli (MeMber) filtering algorithm based on a focal plane ambiguous measurement model is proposed. The measurement error sources of space-based passive detection are analyzed. It is found that focal plane target tracking is the basis of space target tracking in the framework of the distributed data processing structure, and the main error of focal plane measurement is pixel resolution. Based on the above analysis, the focal plane ambiguous measurement model is established to replace the traditional measurement model and the generalized likelihood function is designed. Finally, the MeMber filter is modified based on ambiguous measurement and generalized likelihood function. The simulation experiment compares the tracking effect of a MeMber filter based on ambiguous measurement and traditional measurement, respectively. The filter based on ambiguous measurement achieves better results. It shows that ambiguous measurement is closer to reality and has more application value.
Millimeter Wave Vehicular Channel Emulation: A Framework for Balancing Complexity and Accuracy
Authors: Blazek Thomas , Zöchmann Erich , Mecklenbräuker Christoph F.
Published: November 2018

We propose a general framework for the specification of a sparse representation of millimeter wave vehicular propagation channels and apply this to both synthetic data and real-world observations from channel sounding experiments. The proposed framework is based on the c-LASSO (complex Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator) which minimizes the mean squared error of the sparse representation for a given number of degrees of freedom. By choosing the number of degrees of freedom, we balance the numerical complexity of the representation in the channel emulation against its accuracy in terms of the mean squared error. A key ingredient is the choice of basis of the representation and we discuss two options: the Fourier basis and its projection onto a given subband. The results indicate that the subband-projected Fourier basis is a low-complexity choice with high fidelity for representing clustered channel impulse responses. Finally, a sequential estimator is formulated which enforces a consistent temporal evolution of the geometry of the interacting objects in the propagation environment. We demonstrate the performance of our approach using both synthetic data and measured 60 GHz vehicular channel traces.
A High-Sensitivity Microfluidic Sensor Based on a Substrate Integrated Waveguide Re-Entrant Cavity for Complex Permittivity Measurement of Liquids
Authors: Wei Zhihua , Huang Jie , Li Jing , Xu Guoqing , Ju Zongde , Liu Xuyang , Ni Xingsheng
Published: November 2018

In this study, a novel non-invasive and contactless microwave sensor using a square substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) re-entrant cavity is proposed for complex permittivity measurement of chemical solutions. The working principle of this sensor is based on cavity perturbation technique, in which the resonant properties of cavity are utilized as signatures to extract the dielectric information of liquid under test (LUT). A winding microfluidic channel is designed and embedded in the gap region of the cavity to obtain a strong interaction between the induced electric field and LUT, thus achieving a high sensitivity. Also, a mathematical predictive model which quantitatively associates the resonant properties of the sensor with the dielectric constant of LUT is developed through numerical analysis. Using this predictive model, quick and accurate extraction of the complex permittivity of LUT can be easily realized. The performance of this sensor is then experimentally validated by four pure chemicals (hexane, ethyl acetate, DMSO and water) together with a set of acetone/water mixtures in various concentrations. Experimental results demonstrate that the designed sensor is capable of characterizing the complex permittivities of various liquids with an accuracy of higher than 96.76% (compared with the theoretical values obtained by Debye relaxation equations), and it is also available for quantifying the concentration ratio of a given binary mixture.
High Precision Position Measurement Method for Laguerre-Gaussian Beams Using a Quadrant Detector
Authors: Li Qian , Wu Jiabin , Chen Yunshan , Wang Jingyuan , Gao Shijie , Wu Zhiyong
Published: November 2018

In this paper, we propose a new method to improve the position measurement accuracy for Laguerre-Gaussian beams on a quadrant detector (QD). First, the error effects of the detector diameter and the gap size are taken into account, and the position error compensation factor is introduced into the conventional formula. Then, in order to reduce the number of parameters, the concept of effective radius is proposed. Thus, a new analytical expression is obtained with a best fit using the least square method. It is verified by simulation that this approach can reduce the maximum error by 97.4% when the beam radius is 0.95 mm; meanwhile, the root mean square errors under different radii are all less than 0.004 mm. The results of simulation show that the new method could effectively improve the accuracy of the QD measurement for different radii. Therefore, the new method would have a good prospect in the engineering practice of beam position measurements.
Twisted Dual-Cycle Fiber Optic Bending Loss Characteristics for Strain Measurement
Authors: Choi Sang-Jin , Jeong Seong-Yong , Lee Changhyun , Park Kwon Gyu , Pan Jae-Kyung
Published: November 2018

The intensity-based fiber optic sensor (FOS) head using twisted dual-cycle bending loss is proposed and experimentally demonstrate. The bending loss characteristics depend on the steel wire radius, number, and distance. To determine the effects of these parameters, two samples in each of seven configuration cases of the proposed FOS head were bonded to fiber reinforced plastics coupons, and tensile and flexural strain tests were repeated five times for each coupon. The bending loss of the manufactured FOS heads was measured and converted to the tensile and flexural strain as a function of configuration cases. The measurement range, sensitivity, and average measurement errors of the tensile load and flexural strain were 4.5 kN and 1760 με, 0.70 to 3.99 dB/kN and 0.930 to 6.554 dB/mm, and 57.7 N, and 42.6 με, respectively. The sensing range of FOS head were 82 to 138 mm according to configuration cases. These results indicate that it is possible to measure load, tensile strain, and flexural strain using the proposed FOS head, and demonstrate that the sensitivities, the operating ranges, and the sensing range can be adjusted depending on the deformation characteristics of the measurement target.
Design of a Control Chart Using Extended EWMA Statistic
Authors: Naveed Muhammad , Azam Muhamma , Khan Nasrullah , Aslam Muhammad
Published: November 2018

In the present paper, we propose a control chart based on extended exponentially weighted moving average (EEWMA) statistic to detect a quick shift in the mean. The mean and variance expression of the proposed EEWMA statistic are derived. The proposed EEWMA statistic is unbiased and simulation results show a smaller variance as compared to the traditional EWMA. The performance of the proposed control chart with the existing chart based on the EWMA statistic is evaluated in terms of average run length (ARL). Various tables were constructed for different values of parameters. The comparison of the EEWMA control chart with the traditional EWMA and Shewhart control charts illustrates that the proposed control chart performs better in terms of quick detection of the shift. The working procedure of the proposed control chart was also illustrated by simulated and application data.
Détermination des réseaux de cristaux microscopiques. Application aux différentes formes du silicate tricalcique
Authors: Regourd Micheline
Published: November 2018

La structure pseudo˗hexagonale du silicate tricalcique, à la température ambiante, est mise en évidence à l'aide de deux méthodes : construction du réseau réciproque d'un monocristal microscopique à l'aide d'un diagramme de cristal oscillant et d'un diagramme de Weissenberg puis méthode du pseudo˗réseau hexagonal grâce aux raies de poudre.

L'indexation des raies de diagrammes Debye˗Scherrer obtenus à l'aide d'une chambre à haute température a permis d'identifier six phases du silicate tricalcique entre la température ambiante et 1 100° soit :

Triclinique I →(à 620°) Triclinique II →(à 920°) Triclinique III →(à 980°) Monoclinique →(à 990°) Orthorhombique →(à 1 050°) Hexagonal

Ces transitions, confrontées avec celles de la micro˗analyse thermique différentielle, peuvent correspondre à des changements de symétrie ou à des surstructures.

A la température ambiante, la forme triclinique aurait les paramètres :

a = 28,16 Å b = 28,42 Å c = 25,10 Å

α = 90°10 β = 90°22 γ = 120°
ASTROSAT/UVIT Survey of M31, First Results: UV-bright Stars in the Bulge
Authors: Leahy Denis A. , Bianchi Luciana , Postma Joseph E.
Published: November 2018

A survey of M31 is being carried out with the ASTROSAT Observatory in ultraviolet (UV), soft X-rays, and hard X-rays using the UltraViolet Imaging Telescope (UVIT), soft X-ray telescope, LAXPC, and CZT instruments. Here we analyze UVIT observations of the first field covering the central (7′) part of the bulge of M31. The UV bands observed cover the range 120–280 nm with four filters with a spatial resolution of 1″. They are sensitive to the UV emission from hot stars (T
eff > 10000 K), so can be used to detect the hottest stars in the bulge of M31. We cross-match the UVIT sources with sources from Panchromatic Hubble Andromeda Treasury to obtain multi-band spectral energy distributions (SEDs) for 26 sources. Fits of the SEDs with stellar models show that these are likely main-sequence stars with masses in the range 5–20 M
⊙. This provides evidence for a low, but significant (∼10−5
M
⊙ yr−1), rate of star formation in the bulge of M31, which has occurred in the very recent past (∼10–100 million years).
Follow-up Imaging of Disk Candidates from the Disk Detective Citizen Science Project: New Discoveries and False Positives in WISE Circumstellar Disk Surveys
Authors: Silverberg Steven M. , Kuchner Marc J. , Wisniewski John P. , Bans Alissa S. , Debes John H. , Kenyon Scott J. , Baranec Christoph , Riddle Reed , Law Nicholas , Teske Johanna K. , Burns-Kaurin Emily , Bosch Milton K. D. , Cernohous Tadeas , Doll Katharina , Durantini Luca Hugo A. , Hyogo Michiharu , Hamilton Joshua , Finnemann Johanna J. S. , Lau Lily ,   Disk Detective Collaboration
Published: November 2018

The Disk Detective citizen science project aims to find new stars with excess 22 μm emission from circumstellar dust in the AllWISE data release from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer. We evaluated 261 Disk Detective objects of interest with imaging with the Robo-AO adaptive optics instrument on the 1.5 m telescope at Palomar Observatory and with RetroCam on the 2.5 m du Pont Telescope at Las Campanas Observatory to search for background objects at 0.″15–12″ separations from each target. Our analysis of these data leads us to reject 7% of targets. Combining this result with statistics from our online image classification efforts implies that at most 7.9% ± 0.2% of AllWISE-selected infrared excesses are good disk candidates. Applying our false-positive rates to other surveys, we find that the infrared excess searches of McDonald et al. and Marton et al. all have false-positive rates >70%. Moreover, we find that all 13 disk candidates in Theissen & West with W4 signal-to-noise ratio >3 are false positives. We present 244 disk candidates that have survived vetting by follow-up imaging. Of these, 213 are newly identified disk systems. Twelve of these are candidate members of comoving pairs based on Gaia astrometry, supporting the hypothesis that warm dust is associated with binary systems. We also note the discovery of 22 μm excess around two known members of the Scorpius–Centaurus association, and we identify known disk host WISEA J164540.79-310226.6 as a likely Sco-Cen member. Thirty of these disk candidates are closer than ∼125 pc (including 26 debris disks), making them good targets for both direct-imaging exoplanet searches.
Atlas of Cosmic-Ray-induced Astrochemistry
Authors: Albertsson Tobias , Kauffmann Jens , Menten Karl M.
Published: November 2018

Cosmic rays are the primary initiators of interstellar chemistry, and getting a better understanding of the varying impact they have on the chemistry of interstellar clouds throughout the Milky Way will not only expand our understanding of interstellar medium chemistry in our own galaxy, but also aid in extra-galactic studies. This work uses the ALCHEMIC astrochemical modeling code to perform numerical simulations of chemistry for a range of ionization rates. We study the impact of variations in the cosmic-ray ionization rate on molecular abundances under idealized conditions given by constant temperatures and a fixed density of 104 cm−3. As part of this study we examine whether observations of molecular abundances can be used to infer the cosmic-ray ionization rate in such a simplified case. We find that intense cosmic-ray ionization results in molecules, in particular the large and complex ones, being largely dissociated, and the medium becoming increasingly atomic. Individual species have limitations in their use as probes of the cosmic-ray ionization rate. At early times (<1 Myr) ions such as

and HOC+ make the best probes, while at later times, neutral species such as HNCO and SO stand out, in particular due to their large abundance variations. It is, however, by combining species into pairs that we find the best probes. Molecular ions such as

combined with different neutral species can provide probe candidates that outmatch individual species, in particular

,

, HOC+/O, and HOC+/HNCO. These still have limitations to their functional range, but are more functional as probes than as individual species.
El origen del isnād y la revuelta de al-Mujtār b. Abī ‘Ubayd en Kūfa (66-7/685-7)
Authors: Pavlovitch Pavel
Published: November 2018

Durante el último siglo de estudios orientales, la cuestión de cuándo y dónde llegaron a consolidarse las tradiciones proféticas (ḥadīṯ, pl. aḥādīṯ) con líneas válidas de transmisión (isnād, pl. asānīd) ha atraído la atención de un considerable número de investigadores que se dedicaron a la cuestión fundamental de la historicidad del ḥadīṯ. En este trabajo, revisaré las teorías existentes sobre los orígenes del isnād, orígenes que se datan o bien en la vida de los Compañeros del Profeta, o bien a finales del siglo II de la hégira, es decir 816 d.C. Basándome en una hasta ahora olvidada tradición y en dos premisas de tipo metodológico, asociaré el comienzo de la atribución de autoridad en hadices legales y teológicos con las postrimerías de la revuelta de al-Mujtār b. Abī ‘Ubayd al-Ṯaqafī en Kūfa (66-7/685-7). En el curso del siglo II/VIII, la institución del isnād se expandió por los mayors centros de enseñanza en el califato y entró en la disciplina de la historia. Esta falta de igualdad geográfica y tipológica de la evolución del isnād dio lugar a esas teorías conflictivas respecto a su cronología.
Nuevos datos y consideraciones sobre los orígenes y genealogía de los Banū Rušd
Authors: Serrano Ruano Delfina
Published: November 2018

Este artículo retoma la cuestión de los orígenes genealógicos del jurista mālikí y teólogo aš‘arí Ibn Rušd al-Ŷadd (m. 520/1126) —al que no hay que confundir con su famoso nieto, Ibn Rušd al-Ḥafīd o Averroes (m. 595/1198). Se aportan nuevas evidencias en apoyo de los argumentos presentados en mi “Explicit Cruelty, Implicit Compassion: Judaism, Forced Conversion and the Genealogy of the Banū Rushd” aparecido en Journal of Medieval Iberian Studies (2010), trabajo en el que examinaba la genealogía de la familia a la luz del trato dado a los dimmíes por parte de los almohades, de la caída en desgracia con ellos de Averroes y su posterior confinamiento en Lucena.
Programming of CD8 T Cell Quantity and Polyfunctionality by Direct IL-1 Signals
Authors: Sarkar Surojit , Yuzefpolskiy Yevgeniy , Xiao Hanxi , Baumann Florian M. , Yim Soojin , Lee David J. , Schenten Dominik , Kalia Vandana
Published: November 2018

IL-1, generally considered an amplifier of adaptive immune responses, has been proposed for use as adjuvant during immunization with weak immunogens. However, its effects on memory T cell function remain largely undefined. Using the murine model of acute viral infection, in this paper, we show that in addition to augmenting the size of the Ag-specific pool, IL-1 signals act directly on CD8 T cells to promote the quality of effector and memory responses. Ablation of IL-1R1 or MyD88 signaling in T cells led to functional impairment; both the ability to produce multiple cytokines on a per cell basis (polyfunctionality) and the potential for recall proliferation in response to antigenic restimulation were compromised. IL-1 supplementation during priming augmented the expansion of Ag-specific CD8 T cells through the MyD88–IRAK1/4 axis, resulting in a larger memory pool capable of robust secondary expansion in response to rechallange. Together, these findings demonstrate a critical role of the IL-1–MyD88 axis in programming the quantity and quality of memory CD8 T cell responses and support the notion that IL-1 supplementation may be exploited to enhance adoptive T cell therapies against cancers and chronic infections.
THE CELLULAR CONTENT OF COWS MILK.
Authors: Smith J. W. , Schultze W. D.
Published: November 2018

Cell counts and California Mastitis Test (CMT) scores were compared on 1,214 individual quarter samplings, Despite the fact that there was a high correlation (>0.85) between CMT score and log of cell count, almost half (48.8%) of the quarters were misclassified by the CMT as compared to the cell counts obtained from Breed smears.

These data indicate that the CMT conducted on a single foremilk sample is a poor estimator of the inflammatory status of the quarter.
Analysis of functional groups in atmospheric aerosols by infrared
spectroscopy: functional group quantification in US measurement
networks
Authors: Reggente Matteo , Dillner Ann M. , Takahama Satoshi
Published: November 2018

Abstract. Peak-fitting (PF) and partial least squares (PLS) regression have been independently developed for estimation of functional groups (FGs) from Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra of ambient aerosol collected on Teflon filters. PF is a model that quantifies the functional group composition of the ambient samples by fitting individual Gaussian line shapes to the aerosol spectra. PLS is a data-driven, statistical model calibrated to laboratory standards of relevant compounds and then extrapolated to ambient spectra. In this work, we compare the FG quantification using the most widely used implementations of PF and PLS including their model parameters, and also perform a comparison when the underlying laboratory standards and spectral processing are harmonized. We evaluate the quantification of organic FGs (alcohol COH, carboxylic COOH, alkane CH, carbonyl CO) and ammonium, using external measurements (OC by thermal optical reflectance and ammonium by balance of sulfate and nitrate measured by ion chromatography). Moreover, we explore the sensitivity of FG, OC, OM/OC predictions to a series of possible input parameters available for each algorithm. We evaluate our predictions using 794 samples collected in the Interagency Monitoring of PROtected Visual Environments (IMPROVE) network (USA) in 2011 and 238 laboratory standards from Ruthenburg et al. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.12.034, 2014). Each model shows different biases. Overall, estimates of OC by FT-IR show high correlation with TOR OC. However, PLS applied to unprocessed (raw spectra) appears to underpredict oxygenated functional groups in rural samples, while other models appear to underestimate aliphatic CH bonds and OC in urban samples. It is possible to adjust model parameters (absorption coefficients for PF and number of latent variables for PLS) within limits consistent with calibration data to reduce these biases, but this analysis reveals that further progress in parameter selection is required. In addition, we find that the influence of scattering and anomalous transmittance of infrared in coarse particle samples can lead to predictions of OC by FTIR which are inconsistent with TOR OC. We also find through several means that most of the quantified carbonyl is likely associated with carboxylic groups rather than ketones or esters. In evaluating state-of-the-art methods for FG abundance by FTIR, we suggest directions for future research.