bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A 13-Year Retrospective Study of Basal Cell Carcinoma in a Canadian Dermatology Practice
Authors: Rivers Jason K. , Mistry Bhavik D. , Hung Tawny , Vostretsova Kateryna , Mistry Nisha
Published: December 2015

Background:

It is unknown whether the histologic subtypes of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) arise from a common progenitor cell or whether other factors play a role in their development.

Objective:

To investigate the relationship between the different BCC histopathologic subtypes and anatomical distribution of BCCs in a Canadian dermatology practice.

Methods:

The charts of all patients diagnosed with BCC between 1993 and 2005 from a single private dermatology practice in Vancouver, Canada, were reviewed. Descriptive data analysis was undertaken to look at the distribution of histologic subtypes based on age, gender, and anatomical location.

Results:

Nodular BCCs accounted for 58% of all tumors. Sixty-six percent of these were situated on the head/neck (odds ratio [OR] = 3.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.1-4.3, P < .0001). Infiltrative (OR = 2.4, 95% CI = 1.5-4.1, P = .0003) and superficial BCCs were more common in women (OR = 3.7, 95% CI = 2.5-5.7, P < .0001), affected the trunk (OR = 3.2, 95% CI = 2.1-4.9, P < .0001), and appeared in younger individuals (OR = 1.8, 95% CI = 1.2-2.7, P = .004).

Conclusion:

Our results show a preference of distinct BCC subtypes for certain anatomical locations.
Unifying minor sciences and minor literatures: Reproduction and revolution in quantum consciousness as a model for the anthropology of science
Authors: Wolf-Meyer Matthew , Cochran Chris
Published: December 2015

In this paper, we explore the possibility of using Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari’s theories of minor science and literature to examine the role of marginalized sciences, particularly in the United States. We suggest that by combining Deleuze and Guattari’s work on minor sciences and minor literatures that the framework for an anthropology of science which takes alternative and marginalized sciences seriously can be established. To elucidate this model of inquiry, we focus on three aspects defined by Deleuze and Guattari: the political relationship of minor to dominant sciences, the role of science in the state, and the ways that minor sciences reconfigure dominant sciences. As a case study, we examine the science of ‘quantum consciousness’ in the United States. Quantum consciousness research proposes to replace dominant metaphysics in Western science, and its minority status is perpetuated by the power structures that draw on dominant sciences’ relationships to the state and knowledge production.
Addressing Risk and Reluctance at the Nexus of HIV and Anal Cancer Screening
Authors: Ka‘opua Lana Sue I. , Cassel Kevin , Shiramizu Bruce , Stotzer Rebecca L. , Robles Andrew , Kapua Cathy , Orton Malulani , Milne Cris , Sesepasara Maddalynn
Published: December 2015

Anal cancer disproportionately burdens persons living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV) regardless of natal sex, sexual orientation, gender expression, and ethnic identity. Culturally competent communications are recommended to address health disparities, with sociocultural relevance ensured through constituent dialogic processes. Results are presented from six provider focus groups conducted to inform the promotion/education component of a Hawai‘i-based project on anal cancer screening tools. Krueger’s focus group methodology guided discussion queries. Verbatim transcripts of digitally recorded discussions were analyzed using grounded theory and PEN-3 procedures. Adherence to an audit trail ensured analytic rigor. Grounded theory analysis detected the overall theme of risk and reluctance to anal cancer screening, characterized by anal cancer not being “on the radar” of PLHIV, conflicting attributions of the anus and anal sex, fear of sex-shaming/-blaming, and other interrelated conceptual categories. PEN-3 analysis revealed strategies for destigmatizing anal cancer, through “real talk” (proactive, candid, nonjudgmental discussion) nested in a framework of sexual health and overall well-being, with additional tailoring for relevance to Native Hawaiians/Pacific Islanders, transgender persons, and other marginalized groups. Application of strategies for health practice are specific to the Hawai‘i context, yet may offer considerations for developing strengths-based, culturally relevant screening promotion/education with diverse PLHIV in other locales.
Enhanced reproducibility of SADI web service workflows with Galaxy and Docker
Authors: Aranguren Mikel Egaña , Wilkinson Mark D.
Published: December 2015

Background

Semantic Web technologies have been widely applied in the life sciences, for example by data providers such as OpenLifeData and through web services frameworks such as SADI. The recently reported OpenLifeData2SADI project offers access to the vast OpenLifeData data store through SADI services.

Findings

This article describes how to merge data retrieved from OpenLifeData2SADI with other SADI services using the Galaxy bioinformatics analysis platform, thus making this semantic data more amenable to complex analyses. This is demonstrated using a working example, which is made distributable and reproducible through a Docker image that includes SADI tools, along with the data and workflows that constitute the demonstration.

Conclusions

The combination of Galaxy and Docker offers a solution for faithfully reproducing and sharing complex data retrieval and analysis workflows based on the SADI Semantic web service design patterns.
Translation in the Caribbean, the Caribbean in Translation
Authors: Forsdick Charles
Published: December 2015

Those working on the Caribbean have regularly adopted the figures and practices of translation in their work and also have devoted attention to the study of various translational processes. The presence of the Caribbean in translation studies remains, however, considerably less evident. This essay reflects on this missed cross-disciplinary rendezvous, foregrounding the importance of questions of cultural translation in a Caribbean context but at the same time considering the practical intralinguistic and interlinguistic underpinnings of any analysis of translation in the Caribbean (and of the Caribbean in translation). Drawing on a number of examples, ranging from the relief effort following the Haitian earthquake in 2010 to current CARIFORUM and CARICOM language policy, the discussion focuses on the region as a translation zone. The essay concludes that although the Caribbean may be usefully defined in terms of translation, it is also essential—in reciprocal terms—that wider discussion of translation should itself be actively “Caribbeanized.”
Flow and Arrest
Authors: Copeland Huey
Published: December 2015

Art historian Huey Copeland takes on Hortense J. Spillers's and Stephen Best's engagements with his book Bound to Appear: Art, Slavery, and the Site of Blackness in Multicultural America (2013). In responding to the two essays, Copeland lays out the ideological conditions from which his work emerged, clarifies the book's primary assumptions and interventions, and lays out the future directions of his own work as a mode of reflexive artistic writing. Throughout, he aims to complicate and expand our understanding of what is made possible for critical inquiry in the productive encounter between art history and black studies.
Material and Immaterial Bodies: Diaspora Studies and the Problem of Culture, Identity, and Race
Authors: Khan Aisha
Published: December 2015

In Atlantic world diaspora studies, culture and identity have been foundational concepts in analysis of the meaning and significance of diaspora. This essay argues that the centrality of these concepts is signal in reproducing a contradiction in diaspora theory that undermines its contemporary revisionist intentions. On the one hand, there is emphasis on hybridity and fluidity, while, on the other, diasporas are often encapsulated as discrete, implicitly or explicitly racialized groups, notably African and Indian or Asian. The essay considers key theoretical approaches in diaspora studies and their relationship to this contradiction, compares the deployment of culture and identity in Afro and Indo/Asian diaspora studies, and suggests that looking at the differences and compatibilities between material bodies (diasporic humans and their made objects) and immaterial bodies (diasporic spirits) is a potentially fruitful direction in recognizing the limits of culture and identity and their relationship to racial discourse in diaspora studies.
Revolutionary Genealogies: Suzanne Césaire's and Christiane Taubira's Writings of Dissent
Authors: Wilks Jennifer M.
Published: December 2015

This essay positions Negritude thinker Suzanne Césaire (1915–66) as a cultural critic whose “writings of dissent” remain relevant both in the Caribbean of her birth and the Europe of her death. Although far-right politicians have argued for contemporary France's return to its white, Catholic (or secular humanist) roots, the historical reality is that French identity has never been uniform or stable. Wilks argues that, although Césaire's affirmation of specificity may seem contrary to French republican ideals, her writings suggest a means of addressing the cultural-political impasse in which early-twenty-first-century France finds itself. In tandem with the analysis of Césaire's essays, the essay examines French justice minister Christiane Taubira's published writings and legislative work as evidence of her related efforts to recast cultural specificity as a source of richness and vitality, the integration of which may very well determine the nation's future.
Observations on the spawning behavior, egg masses and paralarval development of the ommastrephid squid Todarodes pacificus in a laboratory mesocosm
Authors: Puneeta Pandey , Vijai Dharmamony , Yoo Hae-Kyun , Matsui Hajime , Sakurai Yasunori
Published: December 2015

The spawning behavior of ommastrephid squids has never been observed under natural conditions. Previous laboratory observations of Japanese flying squid (Todarodes pacificus) suggest that pre-spawning females might rest on the continental shelf or slope before they ascend above the pycnocline to spawn, and that the egg masses might settle in the pycnocline. Here, two mesocosm experiments were conducted in a 300 m3 tank that was 6 m deep to investigate this hypothesis. In the first experiment, a thermocline (2.5–3.5 m) was established in the tank by creating a thermally stratified (17–22°C) water column. In the second experiment, the temperature was uniform (22°C) at all depths. Prior to spawning, females did not rest on the tank floor. In the stratified water column, egg masses remained suspended in the thermocline, but in an unstratified water column, they settled on the tank bottom, collapsed and were infested by microbes, resulting in abnormal or nonviable embryos. Eleven females spawned a total of 18 egg masses (17–80 cm in diameter), indicating that females can spawn more than once when under stress. Paralarvae hatched at stage 30/31 and survived for up to 10 days, allowing us to observe the most advanced stage of paralarvae in captivity. Paralarvae survived after consumption of the inner yolk, suggesting they might have fed in the tank.
Surface-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Mass Spectrometry (SALDI-MS) of Low-Molecular-Weight Medicines and Toxic Materials Using Commercial TiO2 Nanoparticles
Authors: Yonezawa Tetsu , Asano Takashi , Matsubara Masaki
Published: December 2015

The ability of surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectroscopy (SALDI-MS) of low-molecular-weight compounds using six types of commercially available TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) was examined. In all cases, TiO2 NPs gave strong Na+-adduct sample ion peaks. Some chemicals, which rarely show proton-adduct sample ion peaks by MALDI-MS, such as aspirin and barbital, could be easily detected by using TiO2 NPs. The key factors determining the SALDI ability of TiO2 NPs are their purity, ratio of rutile, and particle size.
Diagnosis and therapy in cancer-associated thromboembolism – what about guideline recommendations?
Authors: Matzdorff A.
Published: December 2015

Oncogenic transformation is closely linked to coagulation activation and cancer-associated venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common problem. Guidelines recommend thromboprophylaxis with a low molecular weight heparin for hospitalized cancer patients. However, thromboprophylaxis is not customarily advised for ambulatory cancer patients. Cancer patients with VTE are usually treated with a low molecular weight heparin for 3–6 months. Vitamin K antagonists have a higher bleeding risk and there are not sufficient data to recommend any of the new oral anticoagulants. All physicians taking care of cancer patients should be aware of the current guideline recommendations. Oncology professionals should educate patients about the signs of VTE.
Heparins – DOACS – VKA
Authors: Schinzel H.
Published: December 2015

Patients with cancer are at increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). At the same time they have often an underlying bleeding risk. That can often make decisions surrounding the administration of anticoagulants complicate. Individual risk-benefit calculation is necessary. During hospital stage the patients get, if there are no contraindications, a medical VTE prophylaxis with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH). Whereas out-patients don’t get a prophylaxis because they are at low risk of thromboembolism. If additional risk factor for VTE exists a decision for medical VTE prophylaxis should be taken into account. In patients with cancer and acute VTE, LMWH is recommended as treatment of choice for initial and long-term management in a body weight adapted dosage. After a period of 3–6 month and if a prolonged treatment is necessary, guidelines allow to switch from LMWH to VKA for further anticoagulant therapy. Beside the established anticoagulants like heparin, vitamin K antagonists, fondaparinux new oral direct anticoagulants (DOACs) were established in the last years. These substances are evaluated in in clinical trials. They are approved for treatment of acute VTE, for secondary prophylaxis and for prevention of ischemic stroke in patients with arterial fibrillation. In the VTE trials, 4–10 % of the enrolled patients had a history of cancer. The data shows that DOACs can prevent recurrent VTE as good as standard therapy with enoxaparin/warfarin without more bleeding complications. The results are encouraging. Because of the limited data the direct oral anticoagulants are not recommended for treatment of VTE at this time. Further studies are necessary.
Atypical venous thromboses in myeloproliferative neoplasias
Authors: Dicke C. , Frölich A. , Holstein K. , Bokemeyer C. , Langer F.
Published: December 2015

We describe two patients who developed an extensive catheter-related upper extremity deep vein thrombosis and a cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, respectively. Both thrombotic complications occurred in the presence of an elevated platelet count. Subsequent detection of the JAK2 V617F and MPL mutations led to the diagnosis of a myeloproliferative neoplasia.
Studying Historical Characters at a Primary School
Authors: Соловьёв  , Solovev Yakov
Published: December 2015

The paper discusses the potential of familiarizing primary school pupils with historical figures in the course of teaching the «The World Around

Us» subject. Provided are methodological devices, designed to study certain historical characters. Special attention is given to learning, based

on works of fine art.
Situational Assignments in the Ecological Education of Primary School Children
Authors: Гринёва  , Grineva E. , Давлетшина  , Davletshina L.
Published: December 2015

The paper considers the issue on how to unlock the spiritual and moral potential of primary school ecological education, based on learning

through the use of situational assignments. The authors provide typology of situations (cases), designed to facilitate pupils’ spiritual development.

Examples on each type of situational assignments are drawn.
The Economic Component of the «World Around Us» Subject (2nd and 3rd Grades)
Authors: Корнеева  , Korneeva Olga
Published: December 2015

The paper covers the prospects of economic education of primary school pupils and considers economic concepts included in the of the “World

Around Us” subject curriculum. Also provided are didactic materials for class work, designed to help primary school pupils to learn and deepen

their economic knowledge and to encourage their interest in the economic issues.
Forming an Algorithm for Determining the Grammatical Gender of Nouns (The Russian Language Lesson at the Third Grade of Primary School)
Authors: Хотько  , Khotko E.
Published: December 2015

The paper considers the fair culture as being the element of the Russian vernacular and festive folklore, which for the whole existence of domestic

education has always used to be a means of upbringing the youth. Acquaintance of schoolchildren with the national folklore helps to aspire their

interest in the national traditions and history; to engage them with the origins of the Russian culture. As the author proves, the folklore material

can easily be used within the modern primary education to stage mass cultural events and also in the course of after-school activities.
Afars, Issas … and Djiboutians: Toward a History of Denominations
Authors: Imbert-Vier Simon
Published: December 2015

This article analyzes the ethnic denominations around the Gulf of Tadjoura. By using travel narratives from the nineteenth century and colonial archives from the twentieth, it provides a history of these denominations, their construction and evolution, and the representations they carry. In the nineteenth century, denominations proposed by African informers were used by European travelers to describe the political and social situation in the area as they understood it. Later, the colonial administration wanted to identify groups and individuals in order to manage the inhabitants and secure its domination over the country. We show how this practice was an impossible task because of the identity lability of individuals and groups and the impossibility of defining accurate limits between them, either physical or symbolic. Nonetheless, these constructions have been used until now to legitimate access to the State and country's resources.
The Use of the Iñupiaq Technique of Tundra Sodding to Rehabilitate Wetlands in Northern Alaska + Supplementary Appendix Tables (See Article Tools)
Authors: Cater Timothy C. , Hopson Charles , Streever Bill
Published: December 2015

Tundra sodding, a new technique available to rehabilitate disturbed wetlands in the Arctic, is based on Iñupiaq traditional knowledge. C. Hopson, an Iñupiaq elder from Barrow and author of this paper, guided the development and field application of this new technique by providing traditional knowledge he learned as a youth from his elders. Tundra sodding has several advantages over other land rehabilitation techniques, the most important being that it can establish a mature plant community of indigenous species in a single growing season. In all sampling years, the plant communities at sodded sites were dominated by two rhizomatous graminoids, Eriophorum angustifolium and Carex aquatilis. These sedges also were dominant in all years in reference tundra. Also common to the plant communities in both reference tundra and sodded sites were 18 other vascular species (grasses, evergreen and deciduous shrubs, and forbs). Results from two to five growing seasons indicate that tundra sod can reduce the overall subsidence due to thawing of shallow permafrost. We harvested sod on three occasions from an area slated for gravel mining. In the summers of 2007 and 2008, we transplanted 334 m2 of tundra sod to portions of three sites to test the feasibility of the method. In summer 2010, we used the experience gained from that work to rehabilitate an entire site (1114 m2). This tundra sodding technique is labor intensive and costly compared to other rehabilitation techniques, but it offers advantages that justify its use when rapid rehabilitation of a disturbed site is needed.
Conceptual Models for Marine and Freshwater Systems in Alaska: Flexible Tools for Research Planning, Prioritization and Communication + Supplementary Appendices (See Article Tools)
Authors: Sethi Suresh Andrew , Hollmen Tuula
Published: December 2015

Conceptual ecological models synthesize information about complex systems into simplified visual maps and can be used to prioritize system components for research or management attention. In this article, we introduce conceptual modeling methods that incorporate expert ratings about a suite of properties of system components, including assessment of the state of knowledge, the strength of ecological impact, and the state of management or research attention devoted to a given component. Quantitative ratings of the properties of system components are subsequently used to prioritize model components objectively for research or management attention. Two case studies, one on plankton-herring-baleen whale dynamics and one on Chinook salmon strategic research planning, are presented to illustrate techniques. For example, in the Chinook salmon case study, participants constructed a prioritization score that identified system components rated as high ecological impact, but low state of knowledge and low state of management or research attention. By addressing gaps in both knowledge and attention, participants implemented a strategy for research planning that complemented existing Chinook salmon research and management in the study region. The case studies demonstrated that conceptual ecological models could be completed successfully with an economy of time. Conceptual modeling has been implemented across a range of disciplines and provides a useful tool that natural resource management and research groups can use to organize collaborative efforts and communicate research or management progress to stakeholders or funders.
Error and misconception: Relation of fraction and part-whole
Hata ve kavram yanılgısı: Kesir ve parça bütün ilişkisi
Authors: Altıparmak Kemal
Published: December 2015

In this study, students’ fraction concept has been studied to reveal their errors and misconceptions. For this purpose, researchers prepared an “error and misconception diagnostic test” which consists of 34 questions about part-whole relationship (simple and compound fractions), number line, and comment. The reliability coefficient of this test is 0.86. The misconceptions diagnostic test was applied to 73 secondary school students and 113 university students. According to results, students participated in the study had five different misconceptions type about fractions. They are: Unequal partitioning misconceptions; misconceptions about the expansion and simplification of fractions; misconceptions resulting from conceiving number line in part-whole relationship; misconceptions because of using unequal parts of a whole while adding; misconceptions about adding numerators and denominators of fractions.

 

Özet

Bu çalışmada öğrencilerin kesir konusundaki hata ve kavram yanılgıları ortaya çıkarılmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu amaçla 37 soruluk “hata ve kavram yanılgıları teşhis testi” hazırlanmıştır. Bu test kesir konusu için parça-bütün, sayı doğrusu, yorum kısmından oluşmaktadır. Bu testin güvenilirlik katsayısı 0.86 bulunmuştur. Hata ve kavram yanılgıları teşhis testi 73 ortaokul, 113 üniversite öğrencisine uygulanmıştır. Sonuçlara göre, öğrenciler 5 tipte kavram hatasına sahiptirler. Bunlar sırasıyla; bir bütünün eş olmayan parçalara ayrılması ile ilgili kavram hatası, Parça bütün üzerinde genişletme ve sadeleştirme konusunda kavram yanılgısı, Sayı doğrusunu parça bütün olarak görme konusundaki kavram yanılgısı, Toplama işlemi için eş olmayan bütünlerin kullanılması üzerine kavram yanılgısı, Paydası eşit olmayan kesirlerde toplama yapılırken paylar toplanıp paya, paydalar toplanıp paydaya yazılan kavram hatasıdır.
“Oh My Gosh! The Expression Is Too Chinese”: Attitudes of University Teachers and Students towards China English
Authors: Wang Weihong , Gao Xuesong
Published: December 2015

With the wide spread of English in the global context, scholars increasingly call for the reshaping of English education towards teaching English as an international language. One oft-mentioned proposal is to increase students’ exposure to more English varieties, in particular the variety of English used in their country or region. Against this backdrop, this study investigated the attitudes of Chinese university students and teachers towards China English (CE), an emerging variety in China and the ideological underpinnings beneath their attitudinal responses. In the study, 33 English teachers and 31 students were asked to first evaluate the understandability and acceptability of CE features that are identified in literature and then provide reasons justifying their choices in a questionnaire survey. Results show that both teacher and student participants were reluctant to accept CE as a legitimate variety but their attitudes diverged as regards specific CE features. The in-depth exploration of their justifications revealed that native speaker English ideology, Chinglish stigma and the communicativeness of CE to the outside world were their major concerns in evaluating CE. Findings in this study have implications for educators who attempt to localize English language teaching.
An Overview of the Development of Research on Public Speaking Course from 2004 to 2013
Authors: Su Yurong
Published: December 2015

This research explores the studies published in English from 2004 to 2013 on the Public Speaking (PS) course to provide a preliminary framework of the research paradigm and identify its major themes and sub-themes in this field. A majority of the studies were from the communication literature, with the remaining studies coming from the disciplines of linguistics, education and psychology, which indicates research on PS is multidisciplinary. In the literature, the years 2004 and 2005 saw a peak of studies from native-speaking countries while the years 2011 and 2012 began to see an increase of the research from non-native speaking countries. Nearly half of the studies fell into the non-empirical category. With the method of content analysis and based on the research agenda in the public speaking proposed by Lucas (2011), seven themes were identified, including public speaking anxiety, goals of the public speaking course and pedagogical strategies, pedagogical content, course assessment, technology and integrative methods as pedagogy, PS textbooks, and adaptation of the course to non-native speakers. It is hoped that the findings here can contribute to refining research on PS course in China and providing insights for Chinese practitioners.
Word Concreteness and Word Translatability: Relations and Implications for Second Language Acquisition
Authors: Hu Bo , Tian Lili
Published: December 2015

This study examined the relation between word concreteness and word translatability. Translatability was operationalized in terms of both lexical and semantic cross-transparency. Two separate scales were used to measure the level of concreteness of 123 target English words and their translatability into Chinese. The results of this study showed that word concreteness and translatability are significantly correlated, and that word concreteness determines the extent of semantic closeness between the translation of English and Chinese word pairs. Concreteness might be a variable that influences how translatable a word is between English and Chinese. However, this influence mainly applies to the semantic cross-transparency between the two languages, not the lexical cross-transparency. A link was proposed between the levels of translatability of a translation pair according to concreteness and associated properties. The paper also discusses the implications of the findings for second language learning and teaching, in particular the “translation effect” and teachers’ “codeswitching” behavior.
The Challenges of Global Citizenship for Worldview Education. The Perspective of Social Sustainability
Authors: Miedema Siebren , Bertram-Troost Gerdien
Published: December 2015

In this paper the authors briefly present what their theoretical reflections and empirical research has yielded in respect to citizenship education and religious education. The theoretical as well as political and practical questions of the relationship of global citizenship and worldview education are scrutinized. The main focus is on the issue whether there is or could be a connection between the concepts of ‘worldview education’ and global citizenship ‘education’ from the point of view of inclusivity in respect to both concepts. Habermas’s distinction between the concepts of democratic state citizenship and global or cosmopolitan citizenship is conceptually helpful. The authors also take into account the question of whether there is a certain educational, political or religious necessity on a national as well as global level to deal with this possible relationship as viewed through the lens of social sustainability.
Using Analogies in Teaching Physics: A Study on Latvian Teachers' Views and Experience
Authors: Jonāne Lolita
Published: December 2015

The role of analogies as tools for teaching difficult science concepts has been widely discussed in science education. The application of analogies in the context of sustainable education involves richer potential. The purposeful use of appropriate analogies can facilitate analogical thinking and transfer skills, as well as develop abilities which are required for life and lifelong learning, including successful integration into modern society and facility within our technology saturated world. Analogical thinking supports development of students’ higher order thinking skills. The aim of this study was to identify Latvian physics teachers’ views on the importance of analogies and the methodology of their usage in physics education, as well as to discover innovative examples of analogies. The study involves both quantitative and qualitative methodology: survey of 35 secondary school physics teachers and group interviews with 18 experienced physics teachers. The findings reveal that, in general, now and then Latvian physics teachers use analogies in their pedagogical practice, although they are mostly simplistic and with illustrative character. Some teachers use analogies in order to help students build new knowledge through activating, transferring, and applying existing knowledge and skills in unfamiliar situations.
Beyond Point-and-Shoot Morality: Why Cognitive (Neuro)Science Matters for Ethics
Authors: Greene Joshua D.
Published: December 2015

In this article I explain why cognitive science (including some neuroscience) matters for normative ethics. First, I describe the dual-process theory of moral judgment and briefly summarize the evidence supporting it. Next I describe related experimental research examining influences on intuitive moral judgment. I then describe two ways in which research along these lines can have implications for ethics. I argue that a deeper understanding of moral psychology favors certain forms of consequentialism over other classes of normative moral theory. I close with some brief remarks concerning the bright future of ethics as an interdisciplinary enterprise.
Global Power Movements, Uncertainty and Democracy in the Middle East
Authors: Guner Selin
Published: December 2015

Studies that examine global determinants of democracy mainly focus on factors such as global conflict, strength of global community, international organizations and the impact of democratic neighbors. This paper logically extends the global approach by considering the impact of global power shifts on democratization in the Middle East. In this paper, it is argued that global uncertainty raised by power shifts in the system is likely to impact authoritarian elite behavior leading to their concession to share political power. This article specifies the assumptions, hypothesis and the causal mechanism through which power shifts might impact democracy in the Middle East. To test the hypothesis, this article uses cross-country panel data and fixed effects GLS regression models on 878 observations, 20 countries ranging from 1815 until 2004. To clarify the argument, examples of democratization process in Iran and Turkey as well as recent 2011 Middle East uprisings are also discussed as illustrative evidence. The results support the argument that global power transfers have short term and long term impacts on democratization in the Middle East.
Lower fasting blood glucose in neurofibromatosis type 1
Authors: Martins Aline Stangherlin , Jansen Ann Kristine , Rodrigues Luiz Oswaldo Carneiro , Matos Camila Maria , Souza Marcio Leandro Ribeiro , de Souza Juliana Ferreira , Diniz Maria de Fátima Haueisen Sander , Barreto Sandhi Maria , Diniz Leonardo Mauricio , de Rezende Nilton Alves , Riccardi Vincent Michael
Published: December 2015

Studies indicate a lower occurrence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Fasting blood glucose (FBG) level is the main criterion used to diagnose DM and glucose intolerance. Therefore, this study compared FBG level between adults with NF1 and non-NF1 controls. We selected clinical records of 57 out of 701 individuals attending the Neurofibromatosis Outpatient Reference Center of the Clinics Hospital of the Federal University of Minas Gerais in Brazil. The selected patients with NF1 were matched to non-NF1 controls selected from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health according to sex, age (range, 35–74 years) and BMI at a ratio of 1:3. In both groups, individuals with DM were excluded. Median FBG level in the NF1 group (86 mg/dl (range, 56–127 mg/dl)) was lower than that in the non-NF1 control group (102 mg/dl (range, 85–146 mg/dl)) (P<0.001). Prevalence of FBG level ≥100 mg/dl in the NF1 group (16%) was lower than that in the non-NF1 control group (63%) (P<0.05). The chance of a high FBG level was 89% lower in the NF1 group (odds ratio, 0.112; 95% CI, 0.067–0.188) (P<0.05). In conclusion, adults with NF1 showed a lower FBG level and a lower prevalence of high FBG level compared with non-NF1 controls.
An Examination of Dynamic Gene Expression Changes in the Mouse Brain During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period
Authors: Ray Surjyendu , Tzeng Ruei-Ying , DiCarlo Lisa M , Bundy Joseph L , Vied Cynthia , Tyson Gary , Nowakowski Richard , Arbeitman Michelle N
Published: December 2015

The developmental transition to motherhood requires gene expression changes that alter the brain to drive the female to perform maternal behaviors. We broadly examined the global transcriptional response in the mouse maternal brain, by examining four brain regions: hypothalamus, hippocampus, neocortex, and cerebellum, in virgin females, two pregnancy time points, and three postpartum time points. We find that overall there are hundreds of differentially expressed genes, but each brain region and time point shows a unique molecular signature, with only 49 genes differentially expressed in all four regions. Interestingly, a set of “early-response genes” is repressed in all brain regions during pregnancy and postpartum stages. Several genes previously implicated in underlying postpartum depression change expression. This study serves as an atlas of gene expression changes in the maternal brain, with the results demonstrating that pregnancy, parturition, and postpartum maternal experience substantially impact diverse brain regions.
A RAB3GAP1 SINE Insertion in Alaskan Huskies with Polyneuropathy, Ocular Abnormalities, and Neuronal Vacuolation (POANV) Resembling Human Warburg Micro Syndrome 1 (WARBM1)
Authors: Wiedmer Michaela , Oevermann Anna , Borer-Germann Stephanie E , Gorgas Daniela , Shelton G Diane , Drögemüller Michaela , Jagannathan Vidhya , Henke Diana , Leeb Tosso
Published: December 2015

We observed a hereditary phenotype in Alaskan Huskies that was characterized by polyneuropathy with ocular abnormalities and neuronal vacuolation (POANV). The affected dogs developed a progressive severe ataxia, which led to euthanasia between 8 and 16 months of age. The pedigrees were consistent with a monogenic autosomal recessive inheritance. We localized the causative genetic defect to a 4 Mb interval on chromosome 19 by a combined linkage and homozygosity mapping approach. Whole genome sequencing of one affected dog, an obligate carrier, and an unrelated control revealed a 218-bp SINE insertion into exon 7 of the RAB3GAP1 gene. The SINE insertion was perfectly associated with the disease phenotype in a cohort of 43 Alaskan Huskies, and it was absent from 541 control dogs of diverse other breeds. The SINE insertion induced aberrant splicing and led to a transcript with a greatly altered exon 7. RAB3GAP1 loss-of-function variants in humans cause Warburg Micro Syndrome 1 (WARBM1), which is characterized by additional developmental defects compared to canine POANV, whereas Rab3gap1-deficient mice have a much milder phenotype than either humans or dogs. Thus, the RAB3GAP1 mutant Alaskan Huskies provide an interesting intermediate phenotype that may help to better understand the function of RAB3GAP1 in development. Furthermore, the identification of the presumed causative genetic variant will enable genetic testing to avoid the nonintentional breeding of affected dogs.
El uso de las TIC en la educación universitaria: motivación que incide en su uso y frecuencia
Authors: Abarca Amador Yohanna
Published: December 2015

El presente artículo muestra las respuestas a las siguientes preguntas de investigación: ¿Qué motiva a los docentes a utilizar herramientas tecnológicas (TIC) como wikis, foros y blogs? ¿Cuáles herramientas tecnológicas utilizan los docentes universitarios con mayor frecuencia? Para obtener las respuestas se empleó un método mixto de dos etapas aplicado de manera secuencial con triangulación de datos. Los instrumentos para esta triangulación fueron un cuestionario (método cuantitativo) y una entrevista (método cualitativo). Los resultados obtenidos evidenciaron que los docentes utilizan con mayor frecuencia herramientas tecnológicas en sus clases cuando poseen las habilidades tecnológicas necesarias y los conocimientos teóricos para manejar las TIC de forma efectiva. Los resultados de esta investigación también sugieren que los docentes muestran no solo una actitud positiva con respecto al uso de las TIC, sino que son conscientes de la importancia de estas en el desarrollo futuro de los estudiantes como profesionales competentes.
La integración curricular y el uso del libro de texto en la escuela primaria
Authors: Tabash Blanco Nayibe
Published: December 2015

La integración curricular es un proceso de aprendizaje que favorece la obtención del conocimiento de una temática desde múltiples perspectivas, con el objetivo de que el estudiantado sea capaz de establecer relaciones entre los conocimientos ya adquiridos y los nuevos por integrar. Lo anterior le permite a la población estudiantil involucrarse en este proceso y desarrollar su capacidad creativa, crítica y reflexiva, con el fin de que construya las estrategias que le permitan establecer nuevas relaciones significativas entre contenidos en una amplia gama de situaciones y circunstancias. El presente artículo describe la necesidad de incorporar el libro de texto desde una planificación del currículo integrado.
El fenómeno Malpaís: signos identitarios del costarricense en sus canciones-poemas
Authors: Calvo Oviedo Marlen
Published: December 2015

Malpaís es un grupo de música muy particular, pues con sus canciones y los signos que en ellas se expresan, ha logrado calar hondo en la reafirmación del imaginario del ser costarricense, desde la ciudad hasta la llanura. En esos contextos, citadinos o pamperos, el costarricense se dobla, se desdobla y se reconoce en elementos que están dichos, cantados, acompasados. Es nuestra intención ir descubriendo en las letras de algunas canciones escritas y musicalizadas por Malpaís, esos elementos sígnicos que le dieron a los y las costarricenses ese paradigma identitario tan intenso.
Developing communication skills through critical reading, creative writing, and speaking/Desarrollo de competencias comunicativas mediante la lectura crítica, escritura creativa y expresión oral. /
Authors: Sánchez Ortiz José Mauricio , Brito Guerra Nurys Esther
Published: December 2015

El artículo  de investigación describe la creación del Centro Permanente de Lectura Comprensiva, aula y taller creativo para estudiar el desarrollo de las habilidades comunicativas,  el fortalecimiento de competencias lectoras, escriturales y orales; lo mismo que examinar el impulso de procesos interpretativos, argumentativos y propositivos en estudiantes de primer semestre de la Universidad de la Costa, ubicada en la ciudad de Barranquilla (Colombia). El problema de estudio analiza cómo perfeccionar las competencias lectoras, escriturales, y orales, y contribuir en el análisis para el mejoramiento del aprendizaje de las competencias comunicativas en los estudiantes de educación superior.  Se empleó la metodología del diseño Mixto, donde se aprovechan las potencialidades cualitativas y cuantitativas como un complemento natural, minimizando sus debilidades individuales e incorporando procesos participativos, para que actores educativos reflexionen y asuman sus propios retos lecto-escriturales.  Los resultados muestran que sólo al 32% de los estudiantes encuestados les gusta leer, 64% leían más en la web, 97% han leído un libro completo en toda su vida. Al 68% les gusta escribir; 44%, la ortografía les produce susto; y 66%, les disgusta hablar en público, por miedo e inseguridad personal.
The management styles in micro Empresa do departamento de boyaca. Análises desde suas motivacões e significados/Los estilos directivos en la micro y pequeña empresa del departamento de Boyacá. Análisis desde sus motivaciones y significados.
Authors: Suárez Pineda Marlén , Zambrano Vargas Sandra Milena
Published: December 2015

La investigación “Motivaciones y significados de carácter cultural que se manifiestan en los estilos directivos de las micro, pequeñas y medianas empresas de Boyacá”, tuvo como propósito hacer una aproximación al modelo mental que subyace al estilo de dirección de las micro y pequeñas empresas en el departamento de Boyacá, particularmente en la dimensión de motivaciones y significados respecto de las siguientes categorías: relación  familia-empresa, relación Estado-empresa, cliente, trabajador, asociatividad, globalización y largo plazo. Mediante una investigación de tipo cualitativo que comprometió a 30 empresas de tamaño micro y pequeño, se encontró que los significados expresados respecto de estas siete variables influyen significativamente en su modelo,  y que en consecuencia, la lectura que el gerente hace de los fenómenos de la empresa, guarda íntima relación con sus significados sobre las variables citadas.
Análise da aplicação de um projeto interdisciplinar na educação de futuros engenheiros: montagem de máquinas térmicas com materiais reciclados
Authors: Marques Elaine Cristina , Lança Tatiana , Quirino Sandro Bueno
Published: December 2015

É crescente nos sistemas educacionais o ensino por meio dos quatro domínios do desenvolvimento da aprendizagem. Entre os métodos utilizados para tal finalidade estão a análise e resolução de problemas e o desenvolvimento de projetos integradores ou interdisciplinares. Ambos utilizam-se de metodologias ativas de ensino, na qual é possível driblar a baixa capacidade de concentração e retenção de informações dos atuais estudantes, ultimamente tão informatizados e globalizados. Neste sentido, o desenvolvimento deste projeto teve por objetivo a confecção, por parte dos estudantes, de uma máquina a vapor com materiais reutilizados/reciclados, bem como sua apresentação durante uma aula experimental. Este projeto foi desenvolvido nas disciplinas Fundamentos de Termodinâmica e Engenharia e Ciência dos Materiais, realizado no 1° semestre de 2014, e envolveu 130 estudantes matriculados no 5° semestre do curso de Engenharia de Produção do Centro Universitário Padre Anchieta. Um total de 28 máquinas a vapor foi apresentado e após prévia modificação, a maioria teve sucesso no funcionamento. A maioria dos grupos utilizou materiais ou ferramentas industriais na confecção de seus protótipos. Devido a esta experiência, os estudantes puderam aplicar seus conhecimentos tanto na rotina profissional quanto na rotina acadêmica. Com base nisso, acredita-se que os projetos podem desempenhar um papel de aprendizagem significativa para os estudantes. Ao fim da atividade, a maioria dos estudantes sinalizou a satisfação com o projeto e o desejo de repetir atividades deste tipo, que interligam as disciplinas. Concluiu-se que o ensino por projetos interdisciplinares é uma importante ferramenta no ensino de engenheiros. Assim, a compreensão do conhecimento tem caráter mais articulado e menos fragmentado, o que contribui para o uso da ciência como elemento de interpretação e intervenção da realidade.
Redesign de equipamento para transporte – análise comparativa de gasto energético (energia e água) em frigoríficos
Authors: Librelotto Lisiane Ilha , Ferroli Paulo Cesar Machado
Published: December 2015

A sustentabilidade é definida atualmente como uma abordagem que integra aspectos sociais, econômicos eambientais (ESA). Essa filosofia traz implicações ao chão-de-fábrica, especialmente na questão econômica.O presente artigo mostra um estudo realizado em uma fábrica de farinha de origem animal. Pertencentes aosfrigoríficos, essas fábricas necessitam de ajustes com relação à tríade ESA, pois processam material orgâniconão aproveitável para alimentação humana, tradicionalmente problemático do ponto de vista ambiental. Oartigo relata estudos preliminares de adaptação da filosofia ESA nas graxarias, concentrando-se inicialmentena relação da esfera econômica com as demais. Mostra o projeto de um transportador de correia, do abate atéa fábrica de subprodutos de origem animal. Atualmente, na fábrica usada neste estudo de caso, esse transporteé realizado manualmente (para penas) e transporte pneumático (para vísceras). A finalidade é verificarqual dos processos de transporte é mais adequado segundo a filosofia ESA.
Previsões para a série de tempo Canadian Lynx usando método que combina redes neurais artificiais, encolhimento e decomposição wavelet
Authors: Teixeira Levi Lopes , Siqueira Paulo Henrique , Teixeira Jr Luiz Albino , Rodrigues Samuel Bellido , Lindbeck da Silva Arinei Carlos
Published: December 2015

A previsão de séries temporais é largamente utilizada nas diversas áreas do conhecimento humano, principalmente no planejamento e direcionamento estratégico das empresas. O sucesso desta tarefa depende das técnicas de previsões aplicadas. Neste artigo, é proposta uma metodologia híbrida para se projetar séries temporais. Para a validação da metodologia foi escolhida uma série de tempo já modelada por outros autores, possibilitando a comparação dos resultados. A metodologia proposta integra as seguintes técnicas: encolhimento wavelet, decomposição wavelet de nível r e redes neurais artificiais (RNAs). Primeiramente, uma série temporal a ser prevista é submetida ao método de filtragem wavelet proposto, o qual a decompõe em componentes de tendência e de resíduo linear. Em seguida, ambas são decompostas via decomposição de nível r, gerando, para cada uma, r+1 componentes wavelet (CWs); e, em seguida, cada CW é individualmente modelada por uma RNA. Finalmente, as previsões para todas as CWs são linearmente combinadas, produzindo as previsões para a série temporal supracitada. Para avaliá-lo, a série temporal de Canadian Lynx foi usada e todos os resultados alcançados pelo método proposto foram melhores do que outros existentes na literatura.