bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Constructive geometric generating of concave pyramids of fourth sort
Authors: Mišić Slobodan , Backović Marija
Published: November 2021

The paper presents the results of the study of the new set of polihedra, the Concave pyramids of the fourth sort, the construction procedures for generating them and their possible application. Correspondingly to the method of generating the Concave cupolae of fourth sort, the Concave pyramids of fourth sort have the similar logic of origination, and their counterpart in regular faced convex pyramids. They are characterised by the polygonal base, deltahedral surface net, obtained by folding the planar net of unilateral triangles, the polar distribution of the unit space cells with common apex - the top of the Concave pyramid. Polihedral surface of the planar net of Concave pyramids is produced by polar distribution of unit cells, consisting of a spatial sexagon and spatial pentagon - six, or five, unilateral triangles grouped around the common vertex. In the deltahedral surface, the two neighbouring unit cells are joined by means of a unilateral triangle in the zone of the polygonal base and a spatial quadrangle with which they share common sides. The criterion of face regularity is respected, as well as the criterion of multiple axial symmetry. The sort of the Concave pyramids is determined by the number of equilateral triangle rows in thus obtained polyhedron's net. The parameters of the solids were determined constructively by geometric methods.
Application of the Industry 4.0 technologies to mobile learning and health education apps
Authors: Mateus-Coelho Nuno , Cruz-Cunha Maria , Silva-Ávila Paulo
Published: November 2021

The so-called fourth industrial revolution brought a disruptive change in the way that communication technologies, distributed systems, intelligent data management, analytics and computational capability and other technologies are integrated to enable new functions and enhance capabilities not only to production systems, but also in many other domains such as education. Mobile Health (m-Health) education is one of these, where the number of applications and tools for m-Health education is extensive. The SARS-Cov2 (Covid-19) pandemic brought to life immense challenges towards education, technology, and the symbiosis with medicine. This paper introduces 31 of the current state-of-the-art m-Health education applications and analyses the results of an an inquiry to students and junior doctors during the confinement, designed to understanding their knowledge, use and trust regarding these apps. The results show that several applications are well perceived by their users and deserved their trust and confirms a good relation between use and trust on the applications analysed. This analysis open doors to a deeper study to evaluate at which extent improving m-Health education means not only to transmit knowledge but also to developing skills and better practices.
An experimental study on hole quality and different delamination approaches in the drilling of CARALL, a new FML composite
Authors: Ekici Ergün , Motorcu Ali , Yıldırım Ensar
Published: November 2021

In this study, the hole quality was investigated in the drilling of CARALL composite. In addition, the delamination factor calculation approaches of Chen, Davim, and Machado were compared in terms of the delamination damage at the hole entrance surface. Chen's approach is based on the conventional delamination factor (F d) and Davim's on the adjusted delamination factor (F da). Finally, Machado's approach is based on the minimum delamination factor (F min). The values closest to the nominal hole diameter value were obtained with the uncoated (T1), followed by the TiN-TiAlN-coated (T2) and TiAl/TiAlSiMoCr-coated (T3) carbide drills, respectively. The average circularity error values for the hole top and bottom surfaces were 6.184 µm, 7.647 µm, and 8.959 µm for T1, T2, and T3 tools, respectively. Delamination factor values varied between 1.174 and 1.804. The F da values were found to be the highest, followed by F d values, with F dmin values determined as the lowest.
Experimental study on vibration transmissibility of Pre-loaded XPE and PE packaging cushioning material
Authors: Csavajda Péter , Böröcz Péter
Published: November 2021

Most of the shipped products are sensitive against shock and vibration events during the distribution. Various cushioning materials are usually used to prevent the product damages. During the design process the protective packaging system is developed by the engineers based on the cushion and vibration transmissibility features (ie. cushion curve) of the material used. However, after the assembly of the packaged-product, these are stored for various long periods in warehouse. During this time the products pre-load the cushioning material and its parameters can be changed. The main goal of this study is to evaluate the vibration transmissibility of PE and XPE cushioning material at varied storage (pre-loaded) time and static load conditions. Four different kinds of duration (1 hour, 10 hours, 100 hours and 1000 hours) were used for the pre-loading period at three different static loads (3.488 kPa, 4.651 kPa, and 6.976 kPa), and then at 0.5 oct/min sine sweep vibration the peak frequencies of response and vibration transmissibility, and damping ratio were determined. The results show that the effect of pre-loading is minimal by PE material, but can influence the resonance frequencies by XPE cushioning material. The findings of this study help the packaging engineers to understand better the mechanism of these cushioning materials and to design suitable protective packaging systems.
Graph structures for data visualizations
Authors: Janićijević Stefana , Nikolić Vojkan
Published: November 2021

Networks are all around us. Graph structures are established in the core of every network system therefore it is assumed to be understood as graphs as data visualization objects. Those objects grow from abstract mathematical paradigms up to information insights and connection channels. Essential metrics in graphs were calculated such as degree centrality, closeness centrality, betweenness centrality and page rank centrality and in all of them describe communication inside the graph system. The main goal of this research is to look at the methods of visualization over the existing Big data and to present new approaches and solutions for the current state of Big data visualization. This paper provides a classification of existing data types, analytical methods, techniques and visualization tools, with special emphasis on researching the evolution of visualization methodology in recent years. Based on the obtained results, the shortcomings of the existing visualization methods can be noticed.
Trotsky as a product of specific time: Strategy, leadership and culturalization
Authors: Savic Verica , Matic Filip
Published: November 2021

The aim of the paper is to examine Leon Trotsky's reputation as a strategy leader forged during the turbulent years of the Russian Revolution. Having specific leadership, he was a product of specific era, exerted an influence on the key historic and cultural events, and as such, subject of research for more than half a century. Without his excellent strategic skills, the Bolsheviks might never have come to power. Eventually, Stalin defeated Trotsky, who, trapped by his own principles, had few political skills. By 1927 expelled from the Party, by 1929 from Russia itself, Trotsky faded from the Russian scene. Exiled, he found support finally in Mexico, worked there, influenced Cardenas and surrealistic artists, wrote many excellent articles, made enormous contribution to art, but couldn't avoid Stalin repression, ended up murdered. The paper is primarily based on Trotsky's own writings, his bibliographers like: Ernes, Dimitri, Trotskyism theory and surrealistic critiques. By mapping the most significant theories, we tried to present the ideology of that time and its impact on politics and art, same as perception of leadership. The hypothesis of the paper is that Trotsky was indeed a product of specific time and background, but was swept away by events he helped unleash, having a huge impact on various cultural fields, contributed to huge culturalization.
Racial non-discrimination before the International Court of Justice: Qatar against the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Rašević Živorad
Published: November 2021

The paper analyses the judgment of the International Court of Justice in the lawsuit of Qatar against the United Arab Emirates on the application of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination and its contribution to the development of anti-discrimination law. The motives and procedural actions of the parties, the reasoning of the Court, and the consequences of the judgment are analysed, using legal, social, and philosophical methodologies. The research results in findings that the Court did not take into account the practice of human rights monitoring bodies. Instead, the Court teleologically interpreted the Convention and found that the substantive scope of the Convention does not cover nationality as a protected ground. This judgment does not give rise to optimism regarding further articulation and systematization of anti-discrimination law. Parochialism will certainly continue to prevail in the definition of the concept, protected grounds and relations, and purposes of protection against discrimination. Nevertheless, this judgment is useful in a few aspects: for the assessment of procedural prospects in the future similar proceedings, for understanding the scope of the Convention, and, in particular, for the understanding of various meanings of the notion of nationality within different contexts.
FENDT, Kurt et al. Annotation Studio. Cambridge: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences
Authors: Garcia Gutiérrez Santiago
Published: November 2021

El progresivo avance de las Humanidades Digitales favorece la aparición de herramientas que permiten el tratamiento de textos digitalizados. Entre todas ellas, Annotation Studio, desarrollada por el MIT, busca otorgarnos una aplicación sencilla y de fácil acceso con la que, con un claro enfoque pedagógico por parte de los desarrolladores, cualquiera pueda subir sus textos, añadirles sus propias anotaciones y compartirlas con el resto de sus compañeros.
MORETTI, Franco. Lectura distante. Trad. Lilia Mosconi. Fondo de Cultura Económica, Buenos Aires, 2015.
Authors: Fernández Pilar S. López
Published: November 2021

Esta reseña comenta la obra Lectura distante de Franco Moretti, publicada por Fondo de Cultura Económica en 2015 con traducción del inglés de Lilia Mosconi. En ella, el autor recopila diez ensayos en los que propone la lectura distante como un nuevo método para analizar cuantitativamente la historia de la literatura.
OJEDA, Almerindo. Project for the Engraved Sources of Spanish Colonial Art (PESSCA), 2005-2021.
Authors: E. Ojeda Almerindo
Published: November 2021

El Proyecto para el Estudio de las fuentes grabadas del arte colonial (PESSCA por sus siglas en inglés) busca identificar los grabados que sirvieron de modelos al arte producido en las colonias hispano-portuguesas de los siglos XVI y XIX. PESSCA es parte las Humanidades Digitales, pues es un proyecto humanístico que emplea herramientas digitales. Y lo hace en todas las fases de la investigación (búsqueda, adquisición, almacenamiento, procesamiento, y recabación de imágenes, así como la difusión, actualización, y preservación de sus hallazgos). A futuro, PESSCA busca desarrollar un sistema de reconocimiento automático de imágenes que asista en el descubrimiento de los grabados que inspiraron obras de arte coloniales, quizás empleando sistemas de reconocimiento facial o anotación automática de imágenes.
Territorios virtuales y campos de batalla. El uso de mapas digitales como espacios multimedia de estudio y divulgación
Authors: Ravazzola Alejandro , Landa Carlos , Vitores Marcelo , Avido Daniela
Published: November 2021

El desarrollo tecnológico de las últimas décadas ha proporcionado múltiples posibilidades de comunicación con diversos públicos. Nuevas herramientas y canales complementan y optimizan las preexistentes y exigen también la construcción de nuevos tipos de relato, junto a la conformación de equipos multidisciplinarios que combinen diferentes saberes. En este trabajo exploramos la aplicación de herramientas digitales de registro y difusión al estudio arqueológico-histórico de los conflictos armados y asentamientos militares de frontera de los siglos XVIII y XIX, con fines investigativos académicos y de difusión multiplataforma accesible para un público no especializado.
Comparación de los sentimientos en The Puppet Masters y las emociones en Twitter durante la pandemia COVID-19: un análisis cuantitativo del miedo al contagio
Authors: Arroyo Barrigüete Jose Luis , Barcos Redín Lucia
Published: November 2021

A lo largo de la pandemia ocasionada por la Covid-19 se han llevado a cabo distintos estudios sobre la respuesta emocional a nivel social, frecuentemente empleando como base del análisis los mensajes en redes sociales. En este trabajo, y empleando técnicas computacionales de text mining, se compara el patrón detectado en la investigación de Dubey (2020) con el que aparece en una de las obras icónicas en literatura de ciencia ficción: The Puppet Masters (1951), de Robert A. Heinlein. Esta novela describe la historia de una invasión por parte de parásitos alienígenas, y el hilo narrativo se articula en torno al miedo al contagio y la paranoia imperante por quienes estarán o no infectados, pudiendo infectar a otros. Es decir, describe un escenario que, en lo esencial, es muy similar a la actual situación. Los resultados demuestran que existe una enorme similitud entre ambos patrones emocionales. El hecho de que una novela de hace casi 70 años exhiba un patrón emocional extraordinariamente similar al que hemos observado en la sociedad durante la pandemia, pone de manifiesto no solo la capacidad de Heinlein para dotar de verosimilitud a sus obras, sino que, una vez más, la vida parece imitar al arte.
Discursos sociales en Cyberpunk 2077: un estudio de caso de los debates sociopolíticos de la comunidad de videojugadores en Youtube
Authors: Puente Bienvenido Héctor
Published: November 2021

Las comunidades online de videojugadores se han convertido en espacios de debate sociopolítico, campos de lucha y disputa discursiva donde se dirime la hegemonía de los marcos dominantes. Convertidos en espacios centrales de subversión, ordenamiento y discusión, nos aproximamos al estudio de caso de Cyberpunk 2077, un videojuego de rol de mundo abierto que ha sido muy prolífico en la emergencia de debates y activismo en comunidades online como Youtube. A partir de una observación participante, de corte etnográfico, realizamos un estudio cualitativo del discurso y de contenido, que profundiza en las problemáticas relacionadas con el consumo de dispositivos sociotécnicos donde se reconfiguran las identidades, discursos e imaginarios colectivos.
Complejidad léxica de artículos editoriales de la prensa española: Una selección de cuatro cabeceras
Authors: Sanz-Lázaro Fernando
Published: November 2021

Este estudio casuístico explora las diferencias en la complejidad léxica (LC) de una selección de la prensa de calidad española. Los resultados muestranvariabilidad del léxico entre periódicos yfalta de correlación entre el número de lectores y una alta LC. Se calculan índices LS1 y CVS1 de sofisticación y HD-D, MAAS y MTLDde diversidad para evaluar 2741 artículos editoriales de Abc, El Mundo, El País yEl Periódico publicados en línea durante 2019. Los resultados revelan diferencias significativas tanto en diversidad como en sofisticación, siendo El Mundoel periódico con los con textos más complejos yEl Periódicocon los menos complejos. Adicionalmente, la comparación de HD-D, MAAS y MTLD con variaciones de TTR sugiere una ventaja de los primeros para muestras de tamaño heterogéneo, como las empleadas en el estudio.
Democracia directa contra déficit democrático: el caso uruguayo
Authors: Lissidini Alicia
Published: November 2021

En este artículo se analizan las funciones y los efectos que ha tenido la democracia directa en Uruguay, especialmente en los últimos años (2005-2021). Se estudian los plebiscitos y los referendos que efectivamente se realizaron y también aquellos que se iniciaron y no se concretaron por no lograr las firmas o las adhesiones necesarias. El principal objetivo de esta investigación es mostrar que los mecanismos de democracia directa constituyen una vía institucional que canalizan y dan voz al descontento social, contribuyendo a evitar el déficit democrático y el estallido social.
Reindeer herding among Sami population of Kolsky Uyezd in the late XVIII century (based on the statistical reports)
Authors: Chaplygina Daria Aleksandrovna
Published: November 2021

Reindeer herding is inextricably associated with the economic practice of Sami people. The subject of this research is the reindeer herding among Sami population of Kolsky Uyezd in the late XVIII century. The object of this research is the statistical reports of 1764, 1784, and 1785. The statistical sources of various periods are introduced into the scientific discourse, which allows analyzing such topics as demography, physical-geographical peculiarities of the territory, economic activity, and everyday life of the population, as well as reconstructing the state of reindeer herding among Sami people of Kolsky Uyezd during the period under study, and comparing the acquired results with the data for the XIX century. The sources also provide information on reindeer herding among Russian population; therefore, the article aims to determine the importance of this economic sector outside the Sami society. The scientific novelty is defined by the absence of works dedicated to reindeer herding among Sami people of Kolsky Uyezd for the period under review. The main conclusions are as follows: Sami population of Kolsky Uyezd of the late XVII century cannot be considered as traditional reindeer herders, as it was rather a small-scale cattle farm, fulfilling mostly food and transportation functions; the number of reindeer in the Sami pogosts was uneven; increase in the number of reindeer was noticed in the second half of the XVIII century, which testifies to the growing role of this economic sector (however, in the eastern part of the Kola Peninsula alone); in the economy of the Russian population, reindeer herding performed a support function.
Environmental agenda in the context of self-determination of the indigenous population in the Arctic
Authors: Khusainova Sofia
Published: November 2021

This article is dedicated to the examination of identity of the indigenous small-numbered peoples of the Arctic in the context of environmental interdependence. The author reviews the current situation in the Arctic as a symbiosis of domestic and foreign policy of the Russian Federation being northern country. The transformation of identity is an implicit challenge for sustainable development in the region. The subject of this research is the phenomenon of self-determination of the indigenous population in the context of environmental agenda. The author dwells on the existing theoretical approaches towards studying the phenomenon of interdependence. The article aims to prove that the problematic of the identity of indigenous population may become a serious challenge for the foreign policy of the Russian Federation in the region. The novelty of this research consists on the fact that due to the Russian Chairmanship in the Arctic Council (2021 – 2023), the problem of self-determination of the indigenous small-numbered population remains unresolved, which generates an implicit threat to sustainable development of the region from the perspective of foreign policy discourse of the country. The conclusion is drawn that the existing environmental support initiatives through the international organizations and government structures of the Russian Federation and the Nordic countries do not imply direct representatives from the indigenous small-numbered population. The absence of a permanent dialogue results in the unconscious shift towards dependence.
On the issue of using a training ground “Square” for training the patrol-guard service officers
Authors: Koynov Maxim Yurevich
Published: November 2021

The research object is the process of teaching police officers the basic elements of patrol-guard service. The research subject is the systematization of using a training ground “Square” as one of effective ways of reinforcing skills required for patrol-guard service. The training ground “Square” is considered as a separate type and means of teaching. The author attempts at solving the problem of using the training ground “Square” for training police officers in new conditions connected with the application of interactive technologies and the combination of various elements of the modern process of police officers training.  The author substantiates the role of training grounds in the formation of professional competence of the patrol-guard service officers. The author formulates the main requirements to the module configuration and technical equipment of the training ground “Square”. The research reveals the peculiarities of conducting classes on a training ground, the author analyzes the use of general pedagogical and special teaching method, and designs a logically structured system of teaching with the help of a training ground. The research can be used for further improvement of the process of patrol-guard officers training. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the fact that it proves the good perspectives of using the training ground “Square” as a means of teaching.  
Development Aid with Reciprocity: A Response to Imperialism and the Politics of Global Coloniality
Authors: Geo-Jaja Macleans A. , Majhanovich Suzanne
Published: November 2021

This position paper seeks to identify the undermining of freedom and human rights, juxtaposed through the narrative of “so much ill and so little good” (Easterly, 2006) regarding traditional aid and cooperation. The hardships currently constructed by linear frameworks leave
no space for countries to define their own developmental pathway. The inherent ideology of current constructs neglects local initiatives and freedom of action and needs to endorse humanistic dialogue or a shift in approach, rather than a radical change of content. This paper proposes a hybridised
approach as a means to “restoring culture” in development for Development Aid with Reciprocity ‐the deepening of human rights in every sphere of development and increasing the voice of people. It is contended that development aid for reciprocity in direct relation to the
benefit of assistance to the countries in question would provide a most positive approach to development.
Systematic review and meta-analysis on the effect of continuous subjective tinnitus on attention and habituation
Authors: Vasudevan Harini , Ganapathy Kanaka , Palaniswamy Hari Prakash , Searchfield Grant , Rajashekhar Bellur
Published: November 2021

Background

Attention and habituation are two domains known to play key roles in the perception and maintenance of tinnitus. The heterogeneous nature of tinnitus and the methodologies adopted by various studies make it difficult to generalize findings. The current review aims at assessing and synthesizing evidence on the possible roles of attention and habituation in continuous subjective tinnitus.

Methodology

The literature search included five databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Sciences, CINAHL and ProQuest) that resulted in 1,293 articles, published by July 2019. Studies on attention and/or habituation in individuals with tinnitus using either behavioural or electrophysiological tests were included in the review after a quality assessment.

Results

Seventeen studies on attention in tinnitus were included in the narrative synthesis. Two meta-analyses were performed to assess the role of attention in tinnitus using a behavioural methodology (z = 4.06;p < 0.0001) and P300 amplitude (z = 2.70;p = 0.007) with 531 participants. With respect to habituation, the review indicates the lack of quality articles for habituation inclusion in the narrative synthesis.

Conclusions

The review highlights that selective domains of attention were consistently impaired in individuals with tinnitus. Habituation, on the other hand, needs further exploration.
The influence of storage time on ponazuril concentrations in feline plasma
Authors: Cox Sherry , Harvill Lainey , Singleton Sarah , Bergman Joan B. , DeBolt Becky
Published: November 2021

Background

The pharmacokinetics of ponazuril have been determined in several species; however, there is very little information on the stability of the drug after storage for long periods of time. This study was undertaken to determine the stability of ponazuril in plasma samples stored at −80 °C, which is the temperature most commonly used in the author’s laboratory.

Method

Spiked plasma samples (0.3, 7.5, and 15 µg/mL) were stored at −80 °C for three months. Analysis occurred on the first day and then once a week for the following twelve weeks. The drug was extracted using a chloroform extraction and separated by high performance liquid chromatography using ultraviolet detection.

Results

There was no loss of drug for any concentration for the first four weeks of storage. There was an average loss of less than 5% from day 35 through day 70 and an average loss of 6% on day 77 and 84. The data suggest that ponazuril is stable for 4 weeks when stored at −80 °C and undergoes minimal loss in the remaining 8 weeks.
Influence of Day-length Enhancement through Night-breaking by Artificial Lighting on Off-season Dragon Fruit Production
Authors: Rashid A.S. M. Harunor , Azam Md. Golam , Chowdhury S. M. Kamrul Hasan
Published: November 2021

The effect of artificial lighting in order to enhance day length for off-season dragon fruit production was examined for the first time in Bangladesh. A two factorial experiment was conducted at dragon fruit orchard of Agricultural Research Station, Pahartali, Khulshi, Chattogram to find out the best lighting duration and bulb for off-season dragon fruit production. Two factors were bulb and lighting duration for this experiment. The performance 6 hours lighting duration was significantly superior than other treatments in case of bud/pillar (43.80), fruit/pillar (43.80), fruit length (9.31 cm), fruit breadth (8.5 cm), individual fruit weight (344.62 g), yield (16.58 t/ha). 100 W IB having light intensity 225.96 lux showed superior performance over other treatments in case of bud/ pillar (49.44), fruit/pillar (34.56), fruit length (9.54), fruit weight (336.99 g), TSS (9.28%), yield (18.13 t/ha). The treatment combination (100 W IB for 6 hrs lighting) produced the highest number of fruit/ pillar (36.33), bud/pillar (54.00), fruit length (9.66 cm), fruit breadth (8.99 cm), yield/ pillar (12.41 kg) and yield (19.85 t/ha).In control dragon fruit was unable to produce flowering due to short day length. So artificial lighting of 6 hrs with 100 W IB from 18 pm to 24 am was superior method for off-season dragon fruit production.
Evaluation of Turmeric (Curcuma longa L) Genotypes for Growth and Yield Attributes in Plains of Eastern Nepal
Authors: Chapagain Tika Ram , Timilsina Amit Prasad , Sharma Sabita , Dahal Kumar Mani , Ahamad Samid
Published: November 2021

An experiment was conducted in order to identify the productive genotype of turmeric for the plains of Nepal. In 2017 and 2018, seven promising turmeric genotypes (CI 0207, CI 0205, CI 9102, CI 1312, CI 0503, CI 0507, and CI 0201) were compared with KKH-1 in a Randomized Complete Block Design with four replications at the Directorate of Agricultural Research, Tarahara, Nepal. The plants were 30 cm x 30 cm apart, with 40 plants per 3.6 m2 plot area. Cultural practices were followed in accordance with the recommendations. Analysis of variance, correlation, cluster, and GGEbiplot analysis were performed on the observed data. From the pooled analysis of two years of data, the results showed significant differences in plant height and fresh rhizome yield among genotypes. The rhizome yield of KKH-1 was found significantly higher (19.36 t ha-1) than CI 0205 and CI 9102 and at par with other genotypes. Weight of mother rhizome had significant positive correlation (r = 0.602**) with yield of fresh rhizome. Though KKH-1 yielded the highest fresh rhizome, the cluster and GGEbiplot analysis identified CI0207 as one of the potential turmeric clones next to KKH-1.
Assessing the Toxic Effects of Insecticides on Honey Bees in the West Gonja District of the Savannah Region of Ghana
Authors: Lambon Joseph , Issahaku Abdul-Rahaman
Published: November 2021

Aims: To examine the toxic effects of insecticides on bees in farming communities in the Savannah Region of Ghana.

Study Design:  The study employed five different doses of insecticides to 3 groups of 10 honey bees in each group using 3 types of insecticides. The number of dead bees were registered and used for the estimation of LC50 of each insecticide.

Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was conducted at Damongo Agricultural Training College, Ghana, between August 2019 and September 2019.

Methodology: We collected bees from farms in the West Gonja District of the Savannah Region of Ghana. Controller Super 2.5 EC, Pyrinex 48 EC and Golan SL were insecticides used for the experiment. Live adult bees were randomly obtained from beehives at 2:00 am from the farms when the bees were not aggressive. The bees were collected by hand and placed into a perforated plastic container and transported from the site of collection to the experimental site. They were allowed to acclimatize to the experimental conditions for a period of three hours under room temperature of 24 °C  and a relative humidity of 49 percent throughout the study.

Results: Mortalities were recorded 10 minutes after administering the concentrations and thereafter at every 10 minutes continuously till 60 minutes. The LC50 was calculated using Where N is the number of honey bees in each group

Controller Supper 2.5 EC at a concentration of 6.7 ml/L gave the highest mean mortality (10 bees) at the 50th minute while the concentration of 1.0 ml/L gave the lowest mean mortality (0.0 bees) in the same 50th minute.

Conclusion: The LC50 for the three insecticides used were within the recommended concentrations provided by the Environmental Protection Agency of Ghana. The overall mortalities occurred when honey bees were exposed to different concentrations of all the three insecticides.
A Study of Language Learning Strategies Used by Freshmen of Gedu College of Business Studies
Authors: Wangchuk Chencho
Published: November 2021

Aim: To study the use of language learning strategies among freshmen of Gedu College of Business Studies.

Study Design: A cross-sectional survey.

Methodology: Data were collected through SILL, and they were analyzed by means of descriptive statistics.

Results: Descriptive statistics revealed meta-cognitive as the most favored strategies while memory strategies were the least preferred ones among the respondents. However, the usage of all six strategies among Bhutanese college students was medium, which means the strategies were sometimes used. The independent t-test revealed statistically insignificant difference between the two groups of genders.

Conclusion: This study examined the use of LLS among the freshmen of Gedu College of Business Studies. The findings of this study will have implications for learner autonomy and naturalistic exposure to English language. Such experiences are, therefore, expected to assist acquisition of English as a second language and develop learners’ communicative competence.
Green Synthesis and Characterization of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) from Camellia sinensis Leaf Extract and Its Potential of Antibacterial Activity and Acetyl Cholinesterase Inhibitory Activities
Authors: Baskaran Nandhini , Subash Anitha
Published: November 2021

Nanoparticles are widely used in the biotechnology and biomedicalfield. Green synthetic methods of nanoparticles are a simple and environmentallybenign process that declines the demerits of conventional chemical andphysical methods. The synthesis of semiconductor and metal nanoparticles is a risingdo research part, due to the possible applications in the progress of new technologies.The present research information the synthesis and characterization of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using C. Sinensis leaf extract. The findings of these studies show the green synthesized ZnO NPs are effective, safe, and eco-friendly as they arestable and have abundant flower shapes with maximum particles in size ranging from 100 nm indiameter. The synthesized ZnO NPs have been tested against the pathogenic microorganismsand showed an excellent zone of inhibition. DPPH radical scavenging activity of synthesized ZnO NPs expressed DPPH free radicals as a percentage of inhibition andIC50value of 70.37%. Acetylcholine esterase (AChE) inhibitory activity possesses the maximum amount of the synthesized ZnO NPs. Since the results ofthe current work, it was concluded that the synthesized ZnO NPs exhibited significant antibacterial and acetylcholine esterase inhibitory activities. Hence it can beused as a drug with multifunction in treating Alzheimer’s disease (AD).
Broadening the Scope and Utility of Frontal Sinus Morphology for Predicting the Growth Pattern and Skeletal Malocclusion in Cleft Lip and Palate Cases
Authors: V. Jadhav Vikrant , Daigavane Pallavi , Kamble Ranjit , Shrivastav Sunita , Tiwari Meenakshi
Published: November 2021

Introduction: The three dimensionally affected growth and development of craniofacial structures in CLCP leads to problems dealing with facial appearance, skeletal and dental malocclusion, feeding, airway, hearing, and speech.

Objectives: Evaluation and utilisation of fs morphology as a forecast of future growth for growth pattern and skeletal malocclusion in CLCP cases.

Methodology: A 30 Cases from Skeletal Class I, III and CLCP will be selected from Department of Orthodontics. Dimensions and area of frontal sinus is evaluated using 3DVT. Parameters are evaluated in sagittal and coronal section. The measurement's dependability will be determined using a reliability test (Cronbach alpha test). Chisquare Test, One Way ANOVA, and Multiple Comparison will be used to do descriptive and analytical statistics. The Tukey Test is a statistical test that is used.

Expected Results: Frontal sinus dimensions when observed for Class III will be found greater. Average dimensions will be observed for skeletal Class I cases. Based on the dimensions of frontal sinus observed in cleft lip and palate, we can predict the skeletal malocclusion and growth pattern.

Conclusion: The morphology of the fs is evaluated in cleft cases for the upcoming growth pattern and skeletal malocclusion if is known during formulating a treatment plan for the three dimensionally affected jaw bases and craniofacial structure the requirement for later surgical intervention can be prevented.
JNK‐mediated Ser27 phosphorylation and stabilization of SIRT1 promote growth and progression of colon cancer through deacetylation‐dependent activation of Snail
Authors: Lee Yeon‐Hwa , Kim Su‐Jung , Fang Xizhu , Song Na‐Young , Kim Do‐Hee , Suh Jinyoung , Na Hye‐Kyung , Kim Kyung‐Ok , Baek Jeong‐Heum , Surh Young‐Joon
Published: November 2021

Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), an NAD+‐dependent histone/protein deacetylase, has multifaceted functions in various biological events such as inflammation, aging, and energy metabolism. The role of SIRT1 in carcinogenesis, however, is still under debate. Recent studies have indicated that aberrant overexpression of SIRT1 is correlated with metastasis and poor prognosis in several types of malignancy, including colorectal cancer. In the present study, we found that both SIRT1 and SIRT1 phosphorylated on serine 27 were coordinately upregulated in colon cancer patients’ tissues and human colon cancer cell lines. This prompted us to investigate a role of phospho‐SIRT1 in the context of colon cancer progression. A phosphorylation‐defective mutant form of SIRT1, in which serine 27 was substituted by alanine (SIRT1‐S27A), exhibited lower protein stability compared to that of wild‐type SIRT1. Notably, human colon cancer (HCT‐116) cells harboring the SIRT1‐S27A mutation showed decreased cell proliferation and reduced capability to form xenograft tumor in athymic nude mice, which was accompanied by diminished transcriptional activity of Snail. HCT‐116 cells carrying SIRT1‐S27A were less capable of deacetylating the Snail protein, with a concomitant decrease in the levels of interleukin (IL)‐6 and IL‐8 mRNA transcripts. Taken together, these observations suggest that SIRT1 stabilized through phosphorylation on serine 27 exerts oncogenic effects at least partly through deacetylation‐dependent activation of Snail and subsequent transcription of IL‐6 and IL‐8 in human colon cancer cells.
In vitro evaluation of periapical lesion‐derived stem cells for dental pulp tissue engineering
Authors: Li Weiping , Mao Mengying , Hu Nan , Wang Jia , Huang Jing , Gu Shensheng
Published: November 2021

Dental pulp tissue engineering is a promising alternative treatment for pulpitis and periapical periodontitis, and dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are considered to be the gold standard for dental seed cell research. Periapical lesions harbor mesenchymal stem cells with the capacity for self‐renewal and multilineage differentiation. However, it remains unknown whether these periapical lesion‐derived stem cells (PLDSCs) are suitable for dental pulp tissue engineering. To investigate this possibility, PLDSCs and DPSCs were isolated using the tissue outgrowth method and cultured under identical conditions. We then performed in vitro experiments to investigate their biological characteristics. Our results indicate that PLDSCs proliferate actively in vitro and exhibit similar morphology, immunophenotype and multilineage differentiation ability as DPSCs. Simultaneously, PLDSCs exhibit stronger migrative ability and express more vascular endothelial growth factor and glial cell line‐derived neurotrophic factor than DPSCs, and PLDSC‐derived conditioned medium was more effective in tube formation assay. The mRNA expression levels of immunomodulatory genes HLA‐G, IDO and ICAM‐1 were also higher in PLDSCs. However, regarding osteo/odontogenic differentiation, PLDSCs showed weaker alkaline phosphatase staining and lower calcified nodule formation compared to DPSCs, as well as lower expression of ALP, RUNX2 and DSPP, as confirmed by a quantitative RT‐PCR. The osteo/odontogenic protein expression levels of DSPP, RUNX2, DMP1 and SP7 were also higher in DPSCs. The present study demonstrates that PLDSCs demonstrate potential use as seed cells for dental pulp regeneration, especially for achieving enhanced neurovascularization.
Quantitative evaluation of dosimetric uncertainties in electron therapy by measurement and calculation using the electron Monte Carlo dose algorithm in the Eclipse treatment planning system
Authors: Ali Imad , Alsbou Nesreen , Ahmad Salahuddin
Published: November 2021

In the electron beam radiation therapy, customized blocks are mostly used to shape treatment fields to generate conformal doses. The goal of this study is to investigate quantitatively dosimetric uncertainties associated with heterogeneities, detectors used in the measurement of the beam data commissioning, and modeling of the interactions of high energy electrons with tissue. These uncertainties were investigated both by measurements with different detectors and calculations using electron Monte Carlo algorithm (eMC) in the Eclipse treatment planning system. Dose distributions for different field sizes were calculated using eMC and measured with a multiple‐diode‐array detector (MapCheck2) for cone sizes ranging from 6 to 25 cm. The dose distributions were calculated using the CT images of the MapCheck2 and water‐equivalent phantoms. In the umbra region (<20% isodose line), the eMC underestimated dose by a factor of 3 for high energy electron beams due to lack of consideration of bremsstrahlung emitted laterally that was not accounted by eMC in the low dose region outside the field. In the penumbra (20%–80% isodose line), the eMC overestimated dose (40%) for high energy 20 MeV electrons compared to the measured dose with small diodes in the high gradient dose region. This was mainly due to lack of consideration of volume averaging of the ion chamber used in beam data commissioning which was input to the eMC dose calculation algorithm. Large uncertainties in the CT numbers (25%) resulted from the image artifacts in the CT images of the MapCheck2 phantom due to metal artifacts. The eMC algorithm used the electron and material densities extracted from the CT numbers which resulted large dosimetric uncertainties (10%) in the material densities and corresponding stopping power ratios. The dose calculations with eMC are associated with large uncertainties particularly in penumbra and umbra regions and around heterogeneities which affect the low dose level that cover nearby normal tissue or critical structures.
COVID‐19‐associated immune‐mediated encephalitis mimicking acute‐onset Creutzfeldt‐Jakob disease
Authors: Beretta Simone , Stabile Andrea , Balducci Claudia , DiFrancesco Jacopo C. , Patruno Adriana , Rona Roberto , Bombino Michela , Capraro Cristina , Andreetta Francesca , Cavalcante Paola , Moda Fabio , Citerio Giuseppe , Foti Giuseppe , Bogliun Graziella , Ferrarese Carlo
Published: November 2021

We report a subtype of immune‐mediated encephalitis associated with COVID‐19, which closely mimics acute‐onset sporadic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease. A 64‐year‐old man presented with confusion, aphasia, myoclonus, and a silent interstitial pneumonia. He tested positive for SARS‐CoV‐2. Cognition and myoclonus rapidly deteriorated, EEG evolved to generalized periodic discharges and brain MRI showed multiple cortical DWI hyperintensities. CSF analysis was normal, except for a positive 14‐3‐3 protein. RT‐QuIC analysis was negative. High levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines were present in the CSF and serum. Treatment with steroids and intravenous immunoglobulins produced EEG and clinical improvement, with a good neurological outcome at a 6‐month follow‐up.
Quantum Confinement in Aligned Zigzag “Pseudo‐Ribbons” Embedded in Graphene on Ni(100)
Authors: Sala Alessandro , Zou Zhiyu , Carnevali Virginia , Panighel Mirco , Genuzio Francesca , Menteş Tevfik O. , Locatelli Andrea , Cepek Cinzia , Peressi Maria , Comelli Giovanni , Africh Cristina
Published: November 2021

Lateral quantum confinement is of great interest in tuning the electronic properties of graphene‐based nanostructures, making them suitable for technological applications. In principle, these properties might be controlled through the edge topology: for example, zigzag nanoribbons are predicted to have spin‐polarized edge states. The practical realization of these structures is of utmost importance in fully harnessing the electronic properties of graphene. Here, the formation of regular, 1.4 nm wide ribbon‐like graphene structures with zigzag edges are reported, showing 1D electronic states. It is found that these “pseudo‐ribbons” embedded in single‐layer graphene supported on Ni(100) can spontaneously form upon carbon segregation underneath 1D graphene moiré domains, extending hundreds of nanometers in length. On the basis of both microscopy/spectroscopy/diffraction experiments and theoretical simulations, it is shown that these structures, even though seamlessly incorporated in a matrix of strongly interacting graphene, exhibit electronic properties closely resembling those of zigzag nanoribbons.
Unraveling the Synergistic Coupling Mechanism of Li+ Transport in an “Ionogel‐in‐Ceramic” Hybrid Solid Electrolyte for Rechargeable Lithium Metal Battery
Authors: Song Xianli , Wang Chenlu , Chen Junwu , Xin Sen , Yuan Du , Wang Yanlei , Dong Kun , Yang Lipeng , Wang Gongying , Zhang Haitao , Zhang Suojiang
Published: November 2021

Understanding the ionic transport behaviors in hybrid solid electrolytes (HSEs) is critically important for the practical realization of rechargeable Li‐metal batteries (LMBs) with high safety. Herein, it is reported a new solid “Ionogel‐in‐Ceramic” electrolyte by using the Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7(PO4)3 (LATP) ceramic particles as a framework and “Poly(ionic liquid)s‐in‐Salt” (“PolyIL‐in‐Salt”) ionogel as an ionic bridge via a simple pressing process. The “PolyIL‐in‐Salt” ionogel precursor is designed to improve the chemical compatibility at solid–solid interfaces. Molecular dynamics simulations reveal the roles of salt concentrations on the distribution of co‐coordination of “PolyIL‐in‐Salt” ionogel. Moreover, the “PolyIL‐in‐Salt” ionogel containing co‐coordination not only inhibits the parasitic reactions between LATP and Li anode but also provides efficient Li+ conducting pathways. Benefiting from the designed structure, the “Ionogel‐in‐Ceramic” HSE exhibits an excellent ionic conductivity of 0.17 mS cm−1 at 50 °C. Meanwhile, the as‐formed solid electrolyte enables a long cycle of over 3500 h in Li/Li symmetric cell. Further, all‐solid‐state lithium metal batteries fabricated on LiFePO4 and high voltage LiCoO2 cathodes deliver 160.0 mAh g−1, 125.0 mAh g−1, respectively. This study sheds light on the rational design of solid‐state electrolytes with efficient interparticle Li+ conduction, compatible, stable, compact, and durable electrode–electrolyte interfaces.
Ultrasmooth Gold Nanogroove Arrays: Ultranarrow Plasmon Resonators with Linewidth down to 2 nm and Their Applications in Refractive Index Sensing
Authors: Shen Yang , He Kai , Zou Qiushun , Xing Shan , Huang Jiayuan , Zheng Manchun , She Xiaoyi , Jin Chongjun
Published: November 2021

Plasmonic nanostructures offer an enticing prospect in many applications, ranging from lasing to biosensing, due to their unrivaled light concentration beyond the diffraction limit. However, this promise is substantially undercut by the intrinsically high losses in metals. Here, an experimental ultra‐high‐Q plasmon resonance with a linewidth down to 2 nm (Q‐factor ≈ 350) and a resonance intensity of 51% in an ultrasmooth gold nanogroove array is reported. Such an experimental ultranarrow resonance arises from two key factors. First, a geometrical‐induced coupling between the Fabry–Pérot and Wood's anomaly modes significantly suppresses the groove array's radiative damping. Second, an ultrasmooth gold surface fabricated by template stripping minimizes its surface scattering and grain boundary scattering. Benefiting from this ultranarrow resonance, a figure of merit (FOM) of 284 and an FOM* of 617 in refraction index (RI) sensing under normally incident detection are demonstrated, the former of which is the record FOM in all reported broad‐RI‐range plasmonic RI sensors. The array is further demonstrated as a surface thickness sensor for detecting mercaptocarboxylic acids with the surface sensitivity of 0.18 nm/CH2, which suggests that the array is a promising platform for thickness detection of surface analytes and label‐free biomedical sensing.