bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic sensitivity and specificity complex in women with intraepithelial lesions of the cervix utery
Authors:   Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine, Kyiv, Zarichanska Kh.V.
Published: October 2024

Aim - study the molecular and biological features of cervical intraepithelial lesions (SIL) using the immunocytochemical method of determining the oncoprotein p16ink4α and the proliferation marker Ki67 in order to further develop a highly effective method for the early diagnosis cervical cancer. Materials and methods. Examined 150 women with a histologically verified diagnosis of SIL, of which the group 1 - 74 women with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion of the uterine cervix (LSIL) and the group 2 - 76 women with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion of the uterine cervix (HSIL). The control group included 70 women without morphological changes negative for cervical intraepithelial lesion (NILM). The average age of the patients is 32.7±0.5 years. Liquid cytology was taken from all patients and an immunocytochemical method (ICH) was performed to determine the expression of the oncoprotein p16ink4α and the proliferation marker Ki67 and complex genotyping of HPV DNA of 28 types. Statistical processing of research results was carried out using standard Microsoft Excel 5.0 and Statistical 6.0 programs. Results. The expression of the oncoprotein p16ink4α in patients of the group 1 (LSIL) was 27.2% of atypical squamous cells in the smear, the proliferation marker Ki67 was 11.6%. In women of the group 2 (HSIL), expression of oncoprotein p16ink4α - 58.9%, proliferation marker Ki67 - 30.7%. In patients of the control group (NILM), individual p16ink4α - positive cells were found in 0.72%, while they lacked the expression of the proliferation marker Ki67, which allowed to classify them as "senescent" cells. For p16ink4α, diagnostic sensitivity was 97.4%, diagnostic specificity was 76.8%. For the proliferation marker Ki67, diagnostic sensitivity was 100%, diagnostic specificity was 92.8%. Conclusions. The most informative method for detecting SIL is p16ink4α/Ki67 coexpression: diagnostic sensitivity - 98.5%, specificity - 100% compared to liquid cytology and HPV test. The research was conducted according to principles of Declaration of Helsinki. Protocol of research was proved by local ethical committee, mentioned in institution’s work. A informed sonsennt was collected in order to carry out the research. The author is stating no conflict of interests is declared.
Urinary infections and perinatal losses
Authors:   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Beniuk V.O. , Chebotarova A.S. ,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Hychka N.M. ,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine,, Beniuk S.V. ,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: October 2024

Today, one of the leading factors contributing to perinatal losses are infections, especially of the urogenital tract. Aim - to assess the presence of infection, especially of the urogenital tract, in women with perinatal losses and establish their role in the genesis of stillbirth. Materials and methods. A prospective examination of 45 patients with miscarriage after 12 weeks was conducted - the main group, divided into the subgroup I (n=24) - women with miscarriage in the period from 12 to 21 weeks 6 days; the subgroup II (n=21) – women with antenatal fetal death. The control group - 30 patients with advanced pregnancy. We determined the microbiocenosis of vaginal secretions, the group B streptococcus. The reliability of the research results was assessed using Student's and Fisher's criteria. A statistically significant difference was considered at p<0.05. Results. The average age of pregnant women in the main group was 26±2.1 years. Every third patient of the main group had a history of otorhinolaryngology pathology. Pathology of the urinary system was noted by 44.4% of patients in the main group. The course of this pregnancy was complicated by nausea and vomiting of pregnancy, threat of abortion, asymptomatic bacteriuria; polyhydramnios. Pathological degrees of microbiocenosis in the main group were diagnosed twice as often as in the control group (p<0.05). Gram-positive microflora prevailed. The concentration of Lactobacillus spp. in the main group was 4.2±1.8 CFU/ml. The growth of the group B streptococcus in vaginal secretions in the main group occurred 3.5 times more often than in the control group. Conclusions. Among women with miscarriage after 12 weeks, an important role of infection of the urogenital tract (Ureaplasma urealyticum, Gardnerella vaginalis, Streptococcus spp.) has been assigned, which has a direct impact on the course of pregnancy. Somatic pathology was also noted in the examined women: inflammatory diseases of the genital organs (37.8%), gestational pyelonephritis (28.6%), threatened miscarriage (29.2%); polyhydramnios (20.9%). An association of opportunistic vaginal microflora at a concentration of 106 CFU/ml and a decrease in Lactobacillus spp. The study was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol was adopted by the Local Moral Committee of the institution indicated in the work. Informed consent was obtained from the women for the study. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Peculiarities of the psychological state of pregnant women with HCV infection
Authors:   Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine, Kyiv, Zapopadna Y.M.
Published: October 2024

Aim - to establish the peculiarities of the psychological status of pregnant women with HCV infection in order to prevent their disorders in the pre-pregnancy period. Materials and methods. A prospective assessment of the psychological status of 100 patients, divided into two groups, was carried out: the Main group (МG) - 60 pregnant women with chronic hepatitis C (HCV infection) in the reactivation phase (with a positive result by the enzyme immunoassay method for anti-HCV), the control group (СG) - 40 healthy pregnant women. Pregnant women were offered to work with questionnaires using the following methods: assessment of parameters of the level of anxiety (HARS) according to Hamilton, assessment of well-being, activity and mood, questionnaire of quality of life SF-36. Statistical processing of research results was carried out using standard programs "Microsoft Excel 5.0" and "Statistica 8.0". Differences at p<0.05 are considered statistically significant. Results. In the I trimester, pregnant women with HCV infection had an increased level of anxiety (Me (Q1-Q2)) as somatic (4.0 (0.5-6.0) and 0.0 (0.0-1.5), respectively CG; mental (4.0(2.5-6.0) and 1.0 (0.0-2.0), respectively; 0 (0.0-2.0), respectively. In the II trimester, there was a significant difference in total anxiety (10.0 (6.0-15.0) and 6.0 (2.0-11.0), respectively, in pregnant women with HCV infection when compared with healthy pregnant women in all parameters, especially due to the mental component (4.0 (2.0-7.0) and 1.0 (0.0-3.0), respectively. In the III trimester, a high level of differences was found only in the mental component, which on the median was 2 times higher than the level of mental anxiety in pregnant MG (4.0 (1.0-6.0) and 2.0 (0.0-3, 0), respectively; there was a decrease in the total quality of life (46.0 (42.0-51.0) and 52.0 (46.0-56.5), respectively, in all parameters, except for the family assessment (8.0 (6.0-8.0) and 8.0 (7.0-8.0)). Conclusions. HCV infection during pregnancy is a risk factor for the development of anxiety and is characterized by an increase in the level of anxiety and a decrease in the quality of life throughout pregnancy, especially due to the mental component, which indicates the need to study the relationship between these factors and the frequency of complications during pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum period, as well as the condition of newborns in these women and possible ways of correcting the psychological status to reduce the frequency of obstetric and perinatal complications in the pre-gravid period. The study was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol was adopted by the Local Moral Committee of the institution indicated in the work. Informed consent was obtained from the women for the study. No conflict of interests was declared by the author.
Peculiarity of vitamin D status in pregnant women
Authors:   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Poladich I.V. , Govsieiev D.O. ,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: October 2024

The last decade can be called a "renaissance" of scientific interest in vitamin D research. The pleiotropic effects of vitamin D are impressive, particularly its impact on the pregnant woman and fetus. It has been established that an adequate level of vitamin D is necessary throughout pregnancy, starting from the moment of implantation and placenta formation. Aim - to study the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among pregnant women in the first trimester of gestation for the prevention of gestational complications. Materials and methods. A clinical and laboratory examination of 1,051 pregnant women was conducted. The levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) in the blood serum of pregnant women in the first trimester were determined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Statistical data analysis was performed using the "Statistica 13.3.721" software. Results. In the first trimester of pregnancy, 87.9% of patients had critically low levels of 25(OH)D, indicating hypovitaminosis, while an optimal level of vitamin D was observed in only 12.1% of women. Severe vitamin D deficiency was found in 5.4% of pregnant women, deficiency in 45.8%, and insufficiency in 36.7% of women. Maternal age did not affect 25(OH)D levels in patients. The concentration of 25(OH)D in pregnant women who registered in the first trimester depends on the season, with the highest levels observed in spring. There is a correlation between body mass index (BMI) and 25(OH)D levels in the blood serum. A BMI >30 kg/m² significantly increases the risk of severe vitamin D deficiency. Conclusions. A high percentage (87.9%) of vitamin D deficiency was found among pregnant women, prompting physicians to perform screening for 25(OH)D to identify risk groups for obstetric and perinatal complications and to enable timely correction. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the author.
Peran Dan Fungsi Pasar Modal Syariah Dalam Perekonomian Indonesia
Authors: Nur Ajizah Resy , Nurdiansyah Irdan
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan lebih mendalam tentang pasar modal Syariah, peran serta fungsinya. Keberadaan pasar modal dalam kegiatan perekonomian negara sangat penting sebagai sarana investasi dan sebagai sarana penyediaan modal bagi pelaku usaha untuk mengembangkan usahanya. Kehadiran produk Syariah di pasar modal Indonesia tergambar dari peluncuran produk Reksa dana Syariah oleh PT Danareksa Investment Management pada 3 Juli 1997, Namun, produk syariah secara resmi diakui di pasar modal Indonesia pada 14 Maret 2003, dengan ditandatanganinya Nota Kesepahaman antara Badan Pengawas Pasar Modal dan Lembaga Keuangan (Bapepam LK) dengan Majelis Ulama Dewan Syariah Nasional Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan literature Review. Hasil penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa Pasar modal memegang peranan penting dalam perekonomian negara karena pasar modal memiliki dua fungsi, yaitu sebagai sarana pembiayaan usaha dan sebagai jalan bagi perusahaan untuk memperoleh dana dari investor.
Analisis Penggunaan Software Microsoft Mathematics 4.0 Dalam Pembelajaran Matematika Di Tingkat Sekolah Menengah Pertama
Authors: Hidayah Taufiq , Asidiq Sehril
Published: October 2024

In today's digital era, the use of technology in learning mathematics is becoming increasingly important. the use of ICT will make math learning more interactive by using computer applications. One of the technologies that can be used is math software, such as Microsoft Mathematics 4.0. This software has many functions to solve math problems. This study used a qualitative research method with a qualitative descriptive approach. The study population was class VIII E MTs. Miftahul Falah. The results showed that at the first meeting of the implementation of learning with microsoft mathematics media the percentage of learning was 86.47%, then at the second meeting the percentage was 91.34%, and at the last meeting the percentage was 94.60%. From the observation data, an average of 90.80% was obtained with very good qualifications. In addition, based on the results of interviews, learning by using software media gets a good response from students, they are very enthusiastic about trying and working on problems using software. It can be concluded that Microsoft Mathematics software can be used as a medium for learning mathematics. The research conducted must have many shortcomings, so the advice we can give is to invite further researchers to focus on things that we think can be developed again.
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Matematis Berbasis Socrates Question Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Logis Siswa
Authors: Asahdanabila Rizqi , Juariah  , Sugilar Hamdan
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi dari kurangnya kemampuan berpikir logis siswa kelas VII di SMPN 4 Rancah kabupaten Ciamis dan jarangnya guru membuat bahan ajar matematis yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan siswa. Sehingga, tujuan dilakukannya penelitian dan pengembangan ini adalah untuk mengetahui: (1) Proses pengembangan bahan ajar matematis berbasis Socrates question, (2) Validitas bahan ajar matematis berbasis Socrates question, (3) kemampuan berpikir logis siswa setelah menggunakan bahan ajar matematis berbasis Socrates question, dan (4) kelayakan bahan ajar matematis berbasis Socrates question. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan metode Research and Development (RnD) dengan model pengembangan ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu: (1) Proses pengembangan bahan ajar dilakukan sesuai dengan model pengembangan ADDIE, (2) Bahan ajar matematis berbasis Socrates question dinyatakan valid dengan kriteria sangat valid,
(3) Kemampuan berpikir logis siswa mencapai kategori cukup, dan (4) Bahan ajar matematis berbasis Socrates question dinyatakan efektif dan layak untuk digunakan. Hasil pengembangan yang telah dilakukan berupa bahan ajar matematis berbasis Socrates question berbentuk buku.
Dalea carthagenensis una nueva fuente de compuestos antioxidantes: Identificación de polifenoles y actividad antifúngica contra Rhizopus stolonifer en yaca
Authors: Calderón-Santoyo Montserrat , González-Gutiérrez Katia Nayeli , Vilchis-Gómez Doane Santalucia , Dominguez-Ruvalcaba Jesus Emmanuel , Ragazzo-Sanchez Juan Arturo
Published: October 2024

The soft rot caused by Rhizopus stolonifer is the most important disease in jackfruits. Currently, the control of this phytopathogen is achieved with toxic fungicides. Due to this, the control of R. stolonifer is sought through natural alternatives such as plant extracts. This study aimed to identify the compounds in Dalea carthagenensis extract and evaluate its antifungal potential against important postharvest phytopathogens. The antioxidant activity of the extract and the in vitro activity against Penicillium italicum, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, and R. stolonifer were evaluated. The chemical compounds were identified by HPLC-UV-Vis and the in vivo antifungal activity was assessed against R. stolonifer in jackfruit. The extract presented an antioxidant activity of 48.34 ± 1.3 mg TE/g dw and a total phenolic content of 52.23 ± 0.57 mg GAE/g dw. P. italicum, C. gloeosporioides, and R. stolonifer were inhibited between 11.50-55.6%, 22.16-53.88%, and 27.46-79.71%, respectively. The most sensitive fungus was R. stolonifer with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 11.08 mg/mL. D. carthagenensis extract reduced the severity of soft rot by 59% in jackfruits and gallic acid and vanillin were the main compounds identified. In conclusion, D. carthagenensis extract is a promising alternative for managing soft rot disease in jackfruit at postharvest stage. The extract offers an eco-friendly control solution for jackfruit growers.
Validation and application of quick polar pesticide (QuPPe) extraction and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) to analyze perchlorate in vegetables from Mexico
Authors: Leyva Morales José Belisario , Calderón Raúl , García-Hernández Jaqueline , Palma Paulina , Bastidas-Bastidas Pedro de Jesús , Zambrano-Soria Mercedes , Olmeda-Rubio Claudia , Romo-Gómez Claudia , Acevedo-Sandoval Otilio Arturo , Camacho-López César
Published: October 2024

Perchlorate is a contaminant and endocrine disruptor present in vegetables. To address the lack of information on this problem in Mexico, we developed an analytical method to quantify perchlorate in commonly consumed vegetables based on quick polar pesticide (QuPPe) extraction and ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The method was validated through the parameters of selectivity, accuracy, precision, linearity, limit of detection (LOD), and limit of quantification (LOQ) according to SANTE guidelines. The developed method exhibited a linear range of 0.005–0.100 mg/kg with LOD and LOQ values of 0.001 and 0.003 mg/kg, respectively. Recovery in a fortified tomato matrix was 96.85 ± 12.90% with a coefficient of variation (CV) of 11.55 ± 0.84%. The method was applied to analyze 31 vegetable samples collected from different regions in Mexico. Perchlorate concentrations ranged from not detected (ND) to 0.016 mg/kg, fresh weight. This method generates robust scientific evidence to implement and strengthen perchlorate monitoring programs for food matrices, supporting efforts to regulate this analyte in Mexico.
DO NORTH AMERICAN COUNTRIES DOMINATE THE CONFLICT IN WORLD?EVIDENCE FROM BENOIT HYPOTHESIS
Authors: Beşer Mustafa Kemal , Hızarcı Beşer Berna
Published: October 2024

In recent years, it has been observed that the scope of globalization has increased the need for security as well as the world borders removed. The fact that countries are rapidly developing their defense industries shows that they consider this situation normal. The validity of the Benoit Hypothesis, which emphasizes that increases in defense expenditures will positively affect economic growth, was discussed for the period 1988-2022, and an interregional analysis was made in this study. Evidence supporting the Benoit Hypothesis has been obtained only in the USA, which allocates the highest share to defense expenditures. According to the findings, growth is not affected when defense expenditures are increased, but economic growth decreases when defense expenditures are reduced. The results obtained in this study, which includes interregional analysis, provide comprehensive information and it is thought that country groups that make defense expenditures in order to generate income from the defense industry have emerged and this will provide important evidence in world politics.
Organización y consolidación en emprendimientos comunitarios de Sierra Gorda, Querétaro, México
Authors: Mata-Arratia Eduardo , Palmas-Castrejón Yanelli-Daniela , Delgado-Cruz Alejandro
Published: October 2024

Introducción: a partir de la crisis por COVID-19, el turismo ha sido una de las principales actividades que se adaptan a las necesidades del mercado. Los emprendimientos comunitarios mostraron un alto grado de resiliencia ante ese acontecimiento, ya que los turistas comenzaron a buscar el contacto con la naturaleza y lugares alejados de la urbanización. Objetivo: construir categorías de análisis para determinar el nivel de organización y consolidación de cinco emprendimientos comunitarios de la Sierra Gorda de Querétaro, México. Metodología: se aplicó un diseño de Investigación Acción Participativa (IAP), el cual consistió en la construcción de conocimientos y propuestas de intervención. En este sentido, se optó por un diagnóstico participativo donde los miembros de la comunidad fueron colaboradores en la investigación, con la finalidad de comprender de mejor manera los niveles de organización de los emprendimientos. Conclusiones: se obtuvieron cuatro niveles de consolidación y ocho categorías basadas en los ejes de la sustentabilidad. Se concluye que los emprendimientos comunitarios neceistan apoyo para fortalecer su estructura organizacional y, lograr redes de colaboración y cooperativismo que permitan su desarrollo y subsistencia ante las diversas crisis del entorno.
A Snapshot of the Constitutional Court's Docket – January to July 2024
Authors: Ally Nurina
Published: October 2024

Most commentary on the Constitutional Court focuses on its published judgments. Yet the vast majority of applications made to the Court are disposed of in chambers. Empirical studies on this aspect of the Court's work has been limited. Using available online records, we monitored and tracked trends in petitions filed between 1 January 2024 and 26 July 2024. We also extracted some information relating to petitions filed in 2023. We present an overview of the number of petitions received by the Court between January 2023 and July 2024, as well as the rate at which the Court appears to be processing such applications. We then consider the nature of the petitions filed with the Court during the first two terms of 2024. Our analysis includes an overview of the route that litigants have travelled in reaching the Court, the area(s) of law the petitions engage, and for cases which were dismissed, the reasons for dismissal. We find that there are large gaps in the Court's disposition of new applications, and that the processing time for most petitions is relatively prolonged. The data also suggests that the Court is inundated with generalist appeals, as opposed to matters raising issues of special constitutional or public importance. We conclude by briefly outlining some recommendations for further consideration
Simpson Type Estimations for Convex Functions via Quantum Calculus
Authors: Samet Erden , Necmettin Alp , Sabah Iftikhar
Published: October 2024

We first establish a new identity including quantum integrals and quantum numbers via q -differentiable functions. After that, with the help of this equality, a Simpson-type inequality for functions whose quantum derivatives in modulus are convex is derived, and some new inequalities for powers of quantum derivatives in absolute value are provided. It is also discussed how results come out in the case when q approaches 1. Mathematics Subject Classification: 26D15, 26D10, 26A51, 34A08.
SMART DETECTION: USING SUPERVISED MACHINE LEARNING FOR RESPIRATORY DISEASES
Authors: Algarni Ali
Published: October 2024

Respiratory disease in human respiratory diseases is a leading cause of mortality worldwide, claiming nearly 900,000 lives annually. Early identification is crucial for reducing mortality rates. This review explores the innovative use of machine learning and deep learning technologies in detecting and classifying respiratory diseases, highlighting recent advancements. The review overviews machine learning approaches, and discusses various deep learning algorithms and specialized architectures. Performance evaluation includes support vector machine, logistic regression, artificial neural network, convolutional neural network, recurrent neural network, and long short-term memory, using metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, F1-Score, and AUC. Among these, the recurrent neural network stands out with an accuracy of (83%), precision of (87%), F1-Score of (91%), and AUC of (91%). However, the artificial neural network shows a higher recall of (96%) compared to other algorithms.
INTELLIGENT SYSTEM FOR ANALYZING MINE PLACEMENT
Authors:   National University «Odessa Maritime Academy», Odessa, Ukraine, Mikhailenko V. , Gvozdeva I. ,   National University «Odessa Maritime Academy», Odessa, Ukraine, Gunchenko Y. ,   Odesa I. I. Mechnykov National University, Odesa, Ukraine, Korenkova H. ,   Odesa I. I. Mechnykov National University, Odesa, Ukraine, Shevchenko T. ,   Odesa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Odesa, Ukraine
Published: October 2024

The article addresses the problem of detecting and analyzing the placement of mines in minefields. An intelligent system is proposed, aimed at enhancing safety during demining operations. A new intelligent information-measuring system for minefield analysis is considered. This system is based on the use of ground-penetrating radar (UAVs with sensors) that provide continuous monitoring of the surrounding area. Surface analysis is performed using high-resolution electromagnetic waves and infrared radiation. Mine detection is achieved through intelligent methods. During the development of the intelligent system, great attention is paid to improving the accuracy of mine detection and other threats. Machine learning is used to achieve this goal. This allows for the rapid detection of mines and other threats related to explosive devices. The main focus is on developing algorithms for processing and analyzing data obtained from sensors. Information processing from ground-penetrating radars enables operators to make quick decisions regarding movement routes and safety measures. Using ground-penetrating radars and analyzing the data obtained from them can increase the speed and accuracy of demining, reduce the risk of explosions, and optimize the use of resources by sapper units. The article also addresses the integration of this system with existing information systems and the possibility of their further development. The proposed system reduces the time required for demining, which is critically important in active combat conditions. Implementing this technology will help save the lives of military personnel and civilians in conflict zones. This system can become an important step in ensuring the safety of military units and improve their combat effectiveness in modern armed conflict conditions.
INNOVATION IN INVESTMENT BANKING AS A RESPONSE TO GLOBAL CHALLENGES
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Pryiatelchuk Olena , Tkachov Zakharii ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: October 2024

In the modern world, investment banking plays a crucial role in the global economy by facilitating capital raising for companies, supporting economic growth, and ensuring financial stability. The article analyzes numerous risks for investment banks associated with globalization, economic crises, technological progress and strengthening of regulatory requirements. In response to these challenges, innovation has become a key factor enabling banks to remain competitive. The adoption of advanced technologies such as blockchain, artificial intelligence, and big data is significantly transforming business practices and opening new avenues for growth and development. Innovative financial instruments, new risk management models, and operational process optimization are integral parts of modern investment banking. The purpose of this article is to investigate and analyze the role of innovation in investment banks' responses to global challenges. It was determined that innovation in the banking sector profoundly impacts the efficiency and resilience of financial institutions. Implementing cutting-edge technologies like blockchain, artificial intelligence, and machine learning ensures high levels of transparency and security in financial operations, automates analytical processes, and enhances decision-making accuracy. Furthermore, innovative approaches to risk management help banks effectively assess and control risks while developing hedging strategies. Innovations in creating new financial instruments, such as cryptocurrencies and smart contracts, offer new opportunities for portfolio diversification and cost reduction. Investment banks also actively utilize crowdfunding and robotic process automation (RPA) to raise capital and improve operational efficiency. Social responsibility and sustainable development were identified as important areas of focus for investment banks, contributing to reducing environmental impact and enhancing community well-being. It was proved that the success of innovation in the banking sector depends on banks' ability to effectively balance the advantages and drawbacks of each technology, invest in human capital development, and ensure compliance with regulatory requirements.
WAQF IN ISLAMIC LAW AS A CONTEMPORARY BUSINESS VEHICLE
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Vygovskyy Oleksandr , Pavliuk Yaroslav ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this research is to analyse the concept of waqfs, special religious endowments, under Islamic law through a comparison with traditional English common law trusts. We would explore the doctrinal peculiarities of both instruments, such as the purpose of endowment, the status of trustees and mutawallis, inalienability of property and the perpetuity rule. In particular, this research focuses on the role the waqfs can play as investment vehicles, and the structural and doctrinal challenges they face. This paper posits that a cash waqf can be organized in a way similar to private equity funds and play essentially the same role while being compliant with the letter of Islamic law. In the age of periodic economic crises, waqfs, at least conceptually, can be a very powerful instrument of social justice and an ethically compliant way of investing and doing business.
Acceptance of the Reflected Face in Connection With the Self-Esteem of the Face and Its Attractiveness
Authors: Labunskaya V.A.
Published: October 2024

The problem of accepting one's reflected appearance and its central component, the face, is not sufficiently considered in research, despite its relevance. The phenomenon of "taking your reflected face" is studied based on such tools as mirror and photography. The purpose of the study was to test the hypothesis: the level of positivity of self-assessments, attractiveness of the face can be predictors of the degree of acceptance of one's reflected face. Study participants: 86 people, aged 20 to 25 years (MAge = 23.0; SD= 2,0; 67% are women). Methods: 1) Ten-point scales for accepting one's reflected face (1) in the mirror and (2) in a photo; 2) Questionnaire: "Self-assessment of appearance" - a section of self-assessment of a face, created by V.A. Labunskaya; 3) Ten-point scale "Self-assessment of facial attractiveness", which is included in the questionnaire "Self-assessment of appearance". Mathematical procedures: rank transformation of variable values, Pearsonc2 test, crosstabulation, single-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test λ, correlation (Spearman), regression analysis (IBM SPPS Statistic 23.0). Results: there is no conjugation between the levels of assessment of the attractiveness of one's face (AsAf) and the degrees of acceptance of one's reflected face (ARf), but there is a moderate conjugation between the levels of self-esteem of the face (S-esF) and the degree of Arf. The set of independent predictor variables (S-esF, AsAf) does not have a significant impact on the degree of Arf.The hypothesis put forward does not have a clear confirmation. The results allow us to formulate an assumption about the autonomy of such phenomena as S-esF, AsAf and the degree of Arf.
The Relationship between Psychological Characteristics and Auditory Event-Related Potentials in Persons with Aggressive Behavior
Authors: Telesheva K.Y.
Published: October 2024

In the research aimed to investigate the psychophysiological mechanisms of propensity to aggressive behavior, the auditory event related potentials have been studied (P50 component and its inhibition, P300 component) in persons prone to criminal aggression. A correlation analysis of the event-related potentials and experimental psychological assessment was carried out. It was found that in persons prone to aggressive behavior, the sensory gating at the early stages of information selection is impaired, the effectiveness of inhibition processes is reduced, these deviations are associated with aggressive scores only in schizophrenia. In specific personality disorders, aggressive scores negatively correlate with the latency of P300. In mentally health and in mixed personality disorders, there was no relationship between event related potentials and aggressive scores, however, in mentally healthy individuals, there is a negative correlation of self–control with P300 amplitude, in persons with mixed personality disorders - a negative correlation of self-control with P300 latency, a negative correlation of P50 inhibition with anxiety.
Blood pressure monitoring using telemedicine technologies in patients with chronic heart failure
Authors: Sultygova Elizaveta A. , Ershova Natalya A. , Yasneva Anastasia S. , Gogiberidze Nana A. , Zakharov Ilya P. , Chomakhidze Petr S. , Kopylov Philipp Y.
Published: October 2024

Continuous monitoring of cardiovascular patients is one of the most important tasks in modern cardiology. Monitoring chronic heart failure (CHF) patients is critical because of instability, high prevalence and life-threatening nature of this disease. Currently, active search and development of optimal devices and programs for medical telemonitoring continues.
This review presents the results of Russian and foreign studies on the use of invasive and non-invasive technologies for monitoring blood pressure (BP) levels and demonstrates their clinical significance. Innovative cuffed and cuffless BP monitoring devices are evaluated. The effectiveness of hypertension and CHF management using remote monitoring is compared with standard practice. The relationship between the risk of hospitalization for CHF and the monitoring is demonstrated. The paper presents data on the cost-effectiveness of using telemedicine technologies such as BP monitoring for CHF management.
Modern approaches to the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of obesity
Authors: Petrova Tatiana N. , Kovalenko Natalia S. , Andreev Alexander A. , Eliseev Maksim V. , Laptiyova Anastasia Y. , Ostroushko Anton P.
Published: October 2024

Approximately 2 billion people worldwide are overweight, including about 20% of adults and a quarter of a billion children. In Russia and Europe, about 60% of the population is diagnosed with obesity. According to global data, obesity is the fifth leading risk factor for premature death. The World Health Organization predicts that the number of people with morbid obesity will nearly double in the near future. Obesity increases the risk of cardiovascular, endocrine, and digestive diseases, obstructive sleep apnea, osteoarthritis, etc. Socio-demographic, behavioral and genetic factors are common causes of obesity. The diagnosis of obesity is made through the integrated use of parameters such as body mass index, waist circumference, fasting triglyceride levels, and others. Radiographic and ultrasound methods are being actively implemented. Today in Russia the choice of drugs for the treatment of obesity is very limited. Orlistat, sibutramine, liraglutide are approved for this indication. In addition, gastric electrostimulation and various surgical methods of treatment are effectively used. A targeted and comprehensive approach to improving the healthcare system for people with overweight and obesity should be a key factor in achieving the national goal of improving people’s health and well-being. Escalation of prevention efforts at all levels will help significantly reduce the spread of this disease and prevent its development around the world.
AI and the Knowledge Industry: A Note from the Editor
Authors: Raghavan K. S.
Published: October 2024

No Abstract.
Preclinical thyroid hormone profile studies of an ayurvedic medicine Parthadyarishta after chronic administration to male Sprague-Dawley rats
Authors: Salma Umme , Samapti Mabiya Sultana , Ahmed Shahela , Monir M. Moniruzzaman , Munna M. Jakaria Masud
Published: October 2024

Background: Parthadyarishta (PRTm) is an Ayurvedic preparation used as a traditional medicine to treat heart disease. This research was designed to study the thyroid hormone profile after chronic administration of this drug.
Methods: Twenty healthy Sprague-Dawley male rats (90-110 g) were randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group. The experimental group was assigned to receive the drug at a dose of 40 ml/kg of body weight orally. After 28 days of treatment, blood samples were collected to carry out biochemical tests to determine the thyroid hormone safety profile. Serum circulating levels of total thyroxine (tT4), total triiodothyronine (tT3), free thyroxine (fT4), free triiodothyronine (fT3), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were measured by Chemiluminescent Microparticle Immunoassay (CMIA) method.
Results: This study showed statistically significant (p=0.008) [21.93%] decrease in tT3 level and statistically significant (p=0.047) [10.73%] increase in fT3 level in the rats. Also, statistically insignificant decrease in tT4 level and increase in fT4 level were observed. There is a [49.96 %] decrease in TSH level (p=0.371). The results suggested that Parthadyarishta have exerted an opposite effect on both the total and free form of T3 by increasing the free form (fT3) though causing decrease in the total form (tT3).
Conclusions: As Parthadyarishta has significant impact on thyroid hormone levels so it is recommended to use it cautiously for chronic use specially in cardiac patients. Further studies are needed to determine the toxicological profile of Parthadyarishta and its effect on cardiovascular system through interference in thyroid function.
Pharmacognostic, phytochemical and pharmacological activities of Ocimum kilimandscharicum Guerke
Authors: Shah Revti R. , Ogale Sunita , Makwana Aakash B.
Published: October 2024

The family Lamiaceae encompasses a diverse array of therapeutic plants, with the genus Ocimum being particularly esteemed. The plant known as Kapur Tulsi in India, Ocimum kilimandscharicum Guerke is a perennial woody shrub characterized by its essential oil, which predominantly contains camphor, along with linalool, limonene, eugenol, 1,8-cineole, and camphene. This review aims to provide current information on the taxonomy, botany, distribution, ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicological profile of O. kilimandscharicum. The information presented was critically analyzed to understand the current research on this species and to explore potential future opportunities for this plant in pharmaceutical research. A comprehensive literature search was conducted and relevant information was collected through an extensive exploration of bibliographic databases, including Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Web of Science, Semantic Scholar, Europe PMC, and Scopus. The literature suggests that the plant contains a range of compounds that underpin its broad spectrum of pharmacological effects. These phytoconstituents have been widely employed in the treatment and management of numerous conditions. This review consolidates the latest information on its phytochemical and pharmacological activities, traditional applications, and scientific research. The review highlights the significant phytoconstituents of Ocimum kilimandscharicum Guerke and summarizes the evidence supporting its pharmacological potential. The findings suggest that the plant's diverse compounds contribute to its extensive use in traditional medicine and underscore its potential for therapeutic applications in various diseases.
Pregnancy and nutrition: a comprehensive review
Authors: Amin Fiza , Tali Tavseef Ahmad , Ara Rifat
Published: October 2024

Nutrition plays a critical role in ensuring a healthy pregnancy and optimizing outcomes for both the mother and the foetus. This review explores key aspects of pregnancy nutrition, including the importance of essential nutrients such as folic acid, iron, calcium, and omega-3 fatty acids. It examines the impact of maternal dietary patterns on fetal development and highlights the role of specific dietary interventions in managing conditions like gestational diabetes. The review also addresses the importance of nutritional supplements and food safety practices to prevent foodborne illnesses. Additionally, cultural and socioeconomic factors influencing prenatal nutrition are discussed, along with the significance of hydration and the effects of maternal weight on pregnancy outcomes. By integrating current research and guidelines, this review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how nutrition affects pregnancy and offers insights for improving prenatal care and health outcomes.
Robust Estimation of Crowd Density Using Vision Transformers
Authors: Yi Chuho , Cho Jungwon
Published: October 2024

Estimating and predicting crowd density at large events or during disasters is of paramount importance for enhancing emergency management systems. This includes planning effective evacuation routes, optimizing rescue operations, and ensuring efficient deployment of emergency services. Traditionally, surveillance systems that rely on cameras have been employed to monitor crowd movements. However, accurately estimating crowd density using such systems presents several challenges. These challenges stem primarily from the interaction between large crowds and the limitations of two-dimensional cameras in capturing the full scope of three-dimensional spaces. Optical distortions, environmental factors, and variations in camera angles further complicate the task, making accurate estimations difficult to achieve. To address these challenges, this paper introduces a robust method for calculating crowd density that leverages advanced vision transformers. By combining the output of these transformers with a two-stage neural network, the method effectively mitigates the limitations of traditional approaches. One of the key advantages of the proposed system is its robustness, which allows it to perform well across different camera specifications, installation locations, and image aspect ratios. The method applies and evaluates various deep learning techniques, introducing improvements to existing network structures that are better suited for the problem at hand. Extensive experimental verification demonstrates that the proposed method consistently produces accurate crowd density estimates, even in diverse and complex crowd environments. This robust performance underscores its potential for improving emergency management and crowd control in real-world situations.
Clustering Urban Roads Using Local Binary Patterns to Enhance the Accuracy of Traffic Flow Prediction
Authors: Priambodo Bagus , Kadir Rabiah Abdul , Ahmad Azlina
Published: October 2024

Many studies employ a dynamic statistical approach to model the relationship between roads for predicting traffic flow. Statistical relationships among roads pertain to the associations between road segments in nearby areas. Roads with similar traffic patterns usually define the relationship. Previous studies have shown that adjacent roads demonstrated a similar traffic pattern on the same day and time interval. Studying similar patterns between roads in surrounding areas provides information about the traffic state among roads in a cluster. Furthermore, the results of this finding may be considered to increase the performance of prediction of traffic conditions. In general, road segment roads are correlated with other road segments. They are connected upstream, downstream, or both; they are connected upstream, downstream, or both. To address this, we propose a Local Binary Pattern (LBP) to explore road connections by clustering congestion features between the target roads and their neighboring roads. The outcomes show that the roads with high connectivity obtained from the clustering process were utilized to predict traffic conditions using the SVM approach. The David-Bouldin Index of LBP with k-means shows the lowest compared with PCA k-means and k-means only. By evaluating the clustering result using the Davies-Bouldin Index and assessing the prediction results with SVM, we discovered that incorporating LBP with K-Means improved outcomes in identifying highly connected roads using K-Means.
Video-blogs (Vlogs)-based Project: A Meta Analysis
Authors: Asnur Lise , Jalinus Nizwardi , Faridah Anni , Santosa Tomi Apra , Ambiyar RD. , Utami Fadila
Published: October 2024

This study aims to analyze the relationship between using video-blogs (vlogs)-based projects on student academic achievement through project-based learning. This study applied a meta-analysis through comprehensive sources, either from the international or the Indonesian index by considering certain criteria. The data sources in this research were obtained from twenty-seven studies that had met the inclusion criteria. The inclusion criteria used are 1) research published in 2020-2024; 2) research must be obtained from the Google Scholar database; ScienceDirect; ERIC; Wiley and IEEE; 3) Publications indexed by SINTA, Scopus, and Web of Science; 4) publications must be related to Vlog-based project; 5) the research has a value (R); (t) or (f) and 6) sample size (N) ≥ 30 students. The study showed that the Vlog-based project significantly influenced students' academic achievement (z = 8,042; p < 0.001; CI 95 % [ 0.526; 0.962]. The effect size in this study is a high effect size category (rRE = 1,024). In this meta-analysis, the data presented is accurate, valid, and representative, free from publication bias. This finding explains that V-logs-based project-based learning positively affects students' academic achievement. This study shows that using Vlogs-based projects has a positive impact on students' academic achievement, and it encourages teachers to enhance students' academic performance. Furthermore, the Vlogs-based project motivates students to engage more actively and creatively with the learning materials.
Automatic Semantic Annotation of Indonesian Language Phrase Using N-Gram Language Model
Authors: Wardani Dewi , Evangelista Chania
Published: October 2024

Building semantic data populations in unstructured data or text is challenging. In this type of data, several problems can be raised, some of which are difficult to analyze. Some groups of words or expressions cannot be defined according to their meaning and can be a source of ambiguity. It can have a different meaning depending on the context of its use. This work aims to automatically annotate Indonesian Language text, especially phrases, with the existing knowledge base. The result is text with semantic markup. Machines can automatically process this type of text because it describes its meaning. This work applies an n-gram language model to identify meaningful phrases and defines them as a unit so that every existing word or phrase is automatically semantically tagged. This work uses the DBpedia and schema.org knowledge base. The percentage of successfully labeled data in this job was 78% with 84.95% accuracy using DBpedia and 5.9% with 97.46% accuracy using schema .org. Some factors affect the accuracy score, including the availability of the required data with the data contained in the knowledge base, the system's ability in the POS tagging process, and many new terminology and local cultures that have not yet been contained in the knowledge bases, especially schema.org that is utilized as a standard for all search engines. This work will help the machine understand the semantics of text data. All pages obtained will be semantically tagged and, therefore, will be understood by machines. This ability will support the following processes.