bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on Short-term Power Load Forecasting Based on Bi-GRU
Authors: He Huan , Wang Haomiao , Ma Hongliang , Liu Xuesong , Jia Yilin , Gong Gangjun
Published: November 2020

The precise, accurate and efficient short-term load forecasting can guide the power supply companies to rationally arrange power dispatch plans, help improve the stability of grid operation, and significantly, improving power utilization, thereby optimizing corporate marketing strategies and increasing corporate economic returns. Short-term load forecasting methods based on deep learning have gained greater attention from academia and power companies. Among them, the load forecasting model based on recurrent neural network has gained excellent forecasting results compared with traditional machine learning models. The advantage of the cyclic neural network is that it can extract the degree of relevance of the data in the time dimension, but the unidirectional network only considers the impact of historical data on the current forecast. This paper proposes a load forecasting model based on a bidirectional gated recurrent unit, which further improves the relevance of data. However, it introduces meteorological factors and the influence of holidays to improve the accuracy of forecast results. Taking the power load data of a district of a city in China as an example, the prediction results of this model meet the actual requirements and show better prediction performance over Bi-LSTM, LSTM, GRU, and other models.
Research on User Behavior Patterns under the Background of Big Data
Authors: Sun Jieli , Li Shuangsi , Yan Naishi , Zhao Yanxia , Li jianke
Published: November 2020

We discuss related researches on Information Quality Control and main CBR process models. We also take a deep study of the user behavior pattern, the formation mechanism of user behavior pattern. The design idea of user behavior pattern construction based on CBR and information quality control is discussed in detail.
Study on the two-layer optimal configuration strategy of wind abandoning and absorption in CHP micro-grid
Authors: HongxiaYu  , FuweiYang
Published: November 2020

In order to solve the problem of wind abandoning for micro-grid in the heating season. Adding electric boiler and thermal storage device to micro-grid and using configuration strategy is an effective way, the effective configuration scheme is also very important to it. A two-layer model optimization method that introduces scheduling in configuration is proposed, the models and constraints of the main units in the micro-grid are given, the upper layer aims to minimize the sum of the total operation cost and configuration and maintenance cost of the micro-grid during the heating period, the lower layer aims to minimize the integrated operation cost of the 24-hour micro-grid. Simulation results show that, the proposed method can effectively reduce the operation cost and wind abandoning power of micro-grid, the optimal configuration scheme is obtained.
Research on A New On-line Monitoring System of Transmission Line Icing Based on RF433 Technology
Authors: Zheng Wang , Fei Chen , Chong Peng , Taiwu Wu , Qian Huang , Xi Yang
Published: November 2020

In view of the disadvantages of the current transmission line icing online monitoring terminal data transmission through wire and large power consumption, This paper uses RF433?WIFI and low-power design technology, realize the low-power wireless transmission function of each sensor data, and through the communication protocol between the front-end wireless sensor and the main controller, achieve the purpose of improving the efficiency of the sensor. Finally, the terminal efficiency designed in this paper is verified by actual test. After 72 hours of test, the packet loss rate of each sensor is 0%, which indicates that the system can run stably. At the same time, the maximum power consumption of the main control board in one day is 0.11W, which is far lower than the power consumption of the online monitoring terminal of the cable icing over 1W. In this paper, the design of low-power wireless icing monitoring system for transmission lines can correctly guide the work of anti-icing and anti-icing, which is of great significance for the safe operation of transmission lines.
Mechanism design of a small mobile robot for inspection of underground cables-in-pipe
Authors: Zhou Xuefeng , Zhao Guowei , Zhao Rui , Cheng Yuan , Wang Yishuang
Published: November 2020

With the rapid growth of urban power load, underground cables-in-pipe is increasingly used in urban power transmission. The operation status inspection of underground cables-in-pipe is very important to guarantee the safety of power transmission. At present, mostly, the inspection of the underground cables-in-pipe is implemented by workers after cutting the power supply. Cutting power supply will cause economic loss. In addition, the workers cannot step into the narrow pipes, which lead to low inspection efficiency and the high omission factor. In order to solve the above problems, this paper proposes a novel mechanism of a small mobile robot for underground cables-in-pipe inspection. In the pipes where cables have been laid, the remaining space is narrow and irregular. Through the unique compact design of the robot mechanism, we make the robot able to run smoothly in the pipes. In this paper, we firstly establish the remaining space model of the cable-laid pipes. Then design the mechanism model of each part of the robot. After that, we determine the specific structural parameters. Finally, we carry out the feasibility analysis of the whole robot mechanism. The results of the analysis indicate that, the designed robot mechanism can move smoothly in underground cable pipes.
Temperature prediction model for solar greenhouse based on improved BP neural network
Authors: Li Xingjian , Zhang Xiangnan , Wang Yawei , KaifengZhang  , Chen Yi-fei
Published: November 2020

In the production of solar greenhouse, indoor temperature is a very important index, which is closely related to the growth of crops. In order to solve the problem of hysteretic nature in solar greenhouse temperature regulation, a solar greenhouse temperature prediction model was proposed in this paper. The model took three indoor parameters including temperature, humidity and light intensity of current time in solar greenhouse as inputs and was built on the base of a kind of BP neural network algorithm which was improved by nearest neighbor algorithm, and accurate prediction results were obtained. The mean absolute error (MAE), mean relative error (MRE) and maximal absolute error (MaxE) of the predicted value of the model were 0.89°C, 4.66% and 2.23°C, respectively. All of the three indexes were greatly improved compared with the model without improvement. The model was able to predict the indoor temperature of the greenhouse accurately and as well provide technical support and decision support for the temperature regulation system of the solar greenhouse.
Analysis of Bird Damage Prevention Mechanism for Overhead Transmission Lines
Authors: Xiaopo Mao , Yaodong Zhang , Xueming Zhou , Zhiqiang Feng , Zeqi Huang , Xiang Ren , Tianru Shi , Jianjin Fu , Junjie Huang
Published: November 2020

With the continuous development of the power system, 500kV transmission lines have become the backbone of power grid transmission lines. The construction of a large number of transmission lines is intertwined with the activities of birds. Line failures caused by birds have become the main cause of power system trip accidents. First, it seriously threatens the safe operation of the power system, and its degree of damage is second only to lightning strikes and external damage. Through related research and analysis, the bird damage of 500kV transmission line is mainly caused by three aspects: bird droppings, bird body and bird pecking. This paper analyzes the formation mechanism of bird damage on 500kV transmission lines, and provides some guidance for the corresponding prevention measures for the protection of transmission lines from bird damage.
Design and Implementation of Crowbar Circuits Combined with Chopper Circuits for LVRT in Wind Farms
Authors: Yifan Xu , Aimin An , Yingying Zhao , Wei Chen
Published: November 2020

This paper presents the advantages of LVRT technology where a crowbar circuit functions in combination with a chopper circuit. To enhance the low voltage ride-through (LVRT) performance of double-fed wind turbines, the advantage of the crowbar protection circuit, the DC-link chopper protection circuit, and rotor side control (RSC) are combined based on current LVRT technology. The crowbar circuit is fully utilized to protect the rotor circuit from overcurrent and plays the role of the chopper circuit to stabilize the DC bus voltage. In addition, this paper proposes a cooperative control strategy that is used in the control of the protection circuit during LVRT. Simulation results based on PSCAD/EMTDC demonstrate that the proposed method can significantly reduce crowbar switching times and LVRT time, and the control method is simple and feasible.
A Combined Algorithm for Data Cleaning of Wind Power Scatter Diagram Considering Actual Engineering Characteristics
Authors: Wu JiaHui , Shao ZhenGuo , Yang ShaoHua
Published: November 2020

There exist a lot of outliers in the wind power scatter diagram, which due to communication failure, equipment abnormality, artificial power limitation, and other reasons in the actual operation of wind turbines. These outliers have an adverse effect on performance and status evaluations for wind turbines seriously. Firstly, the reasonable power offset ranges are calculated using the affine algorithm, which considers actual engineering characteristics, e.g., forecast error and topographic difference. Besides, the quartering algorithm is applied for clearing the scattered outliers. Furthermore, the affine-quartile combined algorithm is presented to realize advantageous complementarities and attain accurate data of the wind power scatter diagram. Finally, Case studies show that the proposed affine-quartile algorithm, with consideration of actual engineering characteristics, can improve the coverage and accuracy of outlier detection.
Distributed coordinated control of energy storage system in low-voltage distribution network
Authors: Yang Xiao-ping , Quan-kai MA
Published: November 2020

With the increase of the photovoltaic penetration rate in the low-voltage distribution network, the uncertainty of its output has adversely affected the voltage quality of the power grid. In view of the relatively large R/X characteristics of the low-voltage distribution network, it is proposed to coordinate the active power of the optical storage unit injection system to solve the problem of voltage over-limit of the low-voltage distribution network. Aiming at the imbalance of the energy storage system participating in the voltage control process, a control strategy to coordinate the charging and discharging of each unit of the distributed energy storage system was proposed. At the same time, considering the capacity of the energy storage unit and the coordination of the initial state of charge, the capacity of the energy storage system is utilized to the maximum extent. Finally, the simulation verifies the effectiveness of the proposed coordinated control strategy.
Failure Analysis of 500kV Gapless MOA
Authors: Yang Shaoyuan , Yang Xuefei , Wang Rongchao , Wu Chunhong
Published: November 2020

This paper analyzes the cause of a 500kV gapless MOA fault in a substation. The appearance inspection and disassembly analysis of the arrester are carried out. Combined with the protection action, the fault cause of the arrester is analyzed. It is found that the fault is caused by the side flashover failure of the local resistor piece of the line arrester due to the steepness of the lightning invasion wave is large. When the line is reclosed, the lower section bears the over-voltage, resulting in the damage of some resistors, and then causes the pressure release. Based on the analysis the paper puts forward some corresponding operation and maintenance measures.
Correlation analysis between forced oscillation modes caused by wind power
Authors: Lyu Wan , Gu Wen , Wu Xi , Yang Hongyu , Jiang Chen , Xu Shanshan
Published: November 2020

With the increase of the grid-connected capacity of wind power, the influence of power system forced oscillation caused by wind power is becoming bigger and bigger, so it is necessary to understand its production mechanism and general characteristics. In this paper, the nonlinear and non-stationary signal generated by the unstable wind speed is analyzed to speculate the characteristics of wind-induced oscillation. Secondly, the bispectrum analysis and the bicoherence analysis are introduced. The obtained bispectrum and bicoherence coefficients are used to analyze the oscillation caused by wind power and the quadratic phase coupling relationship between oscillation modes. Finally, the simulation is operated considering small wind farm connected to a 4-generator-2-area (4G2A) system. The simulation results verify the correctness of the proposed speculation and the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Benefit-balance model of combined operation of wind power and pumped storage based on Sharply value method
Authors: Li Jia , Xue Lei , Song XiaoJun , Li Yong , Ge AiXin , Chang Pengfei , Li ShouQiang
Published: November 2020

Reasonable benefit distribution is a key issue in the joint operation of wind power pumped storage. Only by ensuring the fairness of the benefit distribution can the cooperation of wind power pumped storage be carried out for a long time, and then the maximum benefit can be guaranteed. This paper analyses the problem of reasonable distribution of profits from the combined operation of wind power pumped storage from the perspective of cooperative game theory, uses the Shapley value method to distribute the profits obtained from cooperation, and improves them. Factors such as value, input resource level, resource utilization rate, etc., introducing a comprehensive correction factor, thereby establishing an improved profit distribution model of the Shapley value method. The result of the example analysis shows that the improved profit distribution model of Shapley value is more in line with the actual situation, and the interests of various partners are guaranteed to the greatest extent, which is helpful for the long-term cooperation of this cooperation, thereby bringing benefits to the dispatch of the power system. Therefore, the improved Shapley value method is an important method of profit distribution for the combined operation of wind power pumped storage.
Analysis of Electric Field Distribution on Composite Insulator of 500kV AC Typical Tower and Its Effect on Decay Fracture
Authors: Fan Yu , Deng Yu , Zhou Jun , Wang Jian , Lei Longwu , Xu Jun , Wang Xiaojie
Published: November 2020

A new type of composite insulator mechanical failure named decay-like fracture happens rather often in UHV AC transmission lines. However, the cause from the point view of electric field is not clear. To investigate the effect of electric field on the occurrence and development mechanism of decay-like fracture, the 3D tower-conductor-insulator models for ZB2-type and CZ34-type transmission tangent towers are established and analysed based on the finite element simulation. The conclusion can be drawn that the tower type has a significant effect on the electric field distribution along the axial direction of the insulator string, and the degradation is more likely to occur in high-voltage side of the B-phase string, which is consistent with the fracture failure investigation. Simulation results also show that the withstand electric field strength is 297kV/m. The distribution of surface potential and electric field under the actual operating voltage provide a new idea for the condition monitoring of the decay-like fracture of UHV AC composite insulators in transmission lines, as well as a reference for further research in the field of decay-like fracture failure.
Research on wireless sensor network system for structural damage monitoring
Authors: Ding Lei , Wu Jian , Hu Yu , Shi Tian-tian
Published: November 2020

In recent years, the application of wireless sensor networks in the field of structural monitoring has been widely concerned by experts and scholars in various countries. The throughput and real-time performance of the wireless sensor network should be considered when the structure health monitoring wireless sensor network is deployed. According to the characteristics and requirements of wireless structure damage monitoring, this paper analyzes the system from three aspects: monitoring system process, node design and damage diagnosis algorithm.
Research on Multi Time Scale Scheduling based on Active Distribution Network
Authors: Yu Hongxia , Han Tianhang
Published: November 2020

The active distribution network is a public distribution network with a flexible structure, which adopts the mode of active management of distributed power supply, energy storage equipment and customer two-way load. In order to reasonably plan the distributed power, coordinate the optimal operation of the distributed power and give full play to the active role of new power sources and loads such as the distributed power, it is necessary for the distribution network to take active management and planning. The multi time scale coordinated control strategy of active distribution network can make up for the prediction error of renewable energy and load in the future, and give full play to the active role of new generation such as distributed generation. Multi time scale scheduling includes the global optimal control of active distribution network on the long time scale, the correction of long time scale prediction error on the short time scale and the regional autonomous control of real-time active distribution network. The study of multi-objective function and multi time scale scheduling can control multiple optimization objectives, integrate economic environment and other factors, which has the significance of compensating the prediction error of renewable energy and load in the future.
Red electroluminescence from Tb2O3: Eu/PEDOT: PSS heterojunction light-emitting diodes
Authors: Wan Guangmiao , Wang Shenwei , Li Ling , Yin Xue , Mu Guangyao , Yi Lixin
Published: November 2020

In this work, heterojunction light-emitting diodes made of Tb2O3: Eu and PEDOT: PSS were prepared and the impact of PEDOT: PSS on luminous intensity of the devices was studied. The electrical and optical properties of the devices were tested. Five luminescence peaks at 544, 585, 610, 648, and 695 nm, corresponding to Tb3+ 5D4 →7F5 and Eu3+ 5D0 →7F1,5D0 →7F2,5D0 →7F3 and5D0 →7F4 transitions were observed. The PEDOT: PSS film has an enhancement effect on electroluminescence.
Optimization of Flash Extraction Process and Antioxidant Activity in Vitro of Ligustrum Lucidum Seed Oil
Authors: Zhou Guangjiao , Feng Xuehua , Ji Donghan
Published: November 2020

Taking the extraction voltage, liquid-solid ratio and extraction time as the factors, and the yield of Ligustrum lucidum seed oil as the evaluation index, response surface methodology was used to explore the best technology of Ligustrum lucidum seed oil flash extraction method, and its antioxidant activity was analyzed. The results showed that the optimum extraction conditions were as follows: voltage 140 V, ratio of liquid to material 12:1, extraction time 150s, and the oil yield was 13.53%. The results showed that Ligustrum lucidum seed oil had certain scavenging ability to DPPH · free radical and hydroxyl radical, and its scavenging ability were positively correlated with its mass concentration. When the mass concentration was 2.5mg/ml, the DPPH · free radical scavenging rate was 32.25% and the hydroxyl radical scavenging rate was 43.83%.
Signal Denoising of Multi Element Infrared Signal Based on Wavelet Transform
Authors: Lei Bingshan , Hao Weina , Yan Keding , Li Jing
Published: November 2020

General target detection system is based on active detection method, which is usually of poor concealment and bulky. In order to improve the concealment and dexterity of airborne detection, an airborne infrared scanning imaging system for ground vehicles based on passive infrared detection is proposed. In order to solve the problem of false alarm and false recognition when the rotary airborne multi-element infrared detection is used to identify armored vehicles on the ground, based on the wavelet theory, the infrared signal output from the air to ground rotary detection system is de noised by wavelet. The denoising threshold function suitable for the rotating multi element infrared detection system is constructed. Through calculation analysis and experimental verification, the fours-layer coif wavelet basis function is the best. On the premise of not losing the infrared information of the original armored vehicle target, the output waveform is flat when there is no armored vehicle, and the output waveform is smooth when there is armored vehicle target. It provides a theoretical basis for the later realization of armored vehicle type identification.
Study on the Relationship of FDI and Processing Trade Value-added Rate —Based on the Data from Shandong Province of China
Authors: Sui Hongxia
Published: November 2020

Based on the data of Shandong province in china over the 1998-2017 periods, this paper examines the impacts of inward FDI from Japan, Korea and USA on the Processing Trade Value-added Rate (ADVA) respectively. The cointegration equation indicates Japanese and Korean direct investments in Shandong Province are positively correlated with ADVA, but American direct investment is negative. There is no evidence that the FDI from Japan, Korea and USA have effects on the processing trade value-added rate of Shandong province as they are not Granger causality of ADVA. The power to promote the transformation and upgrading of Shandong’s processing trade comes from inside instead of outside, and independent technology innovation is critical.
Climatological influence of land and atmospheric initial conditions on North America and Eurasia surface temperature and circulation in the past 57 years (1958–2014) reforecasts
Authors: Shukla Ravi P
Published: November 2020

This study demonstrates the potential impact of land and atmospheric initial conditions (ICs) on the mean state of land surface temperature (SKT) and mid-troposphere circulation over Eurasia and North America (NA) using the Climate Forecast System version-2 (CFSv2) ensemble seasonal reforecasts for 1958–2014. The land ICs and atmosphere ICs have assembled from several different data sources before and after 1979 in January initialized reforecasts (JIR). Therefore, two-time periods have defined, earlier period (1958–1978) and later period (1994–2014). The climatological difference between JIR P58-78 and P94-14 depicts enhanced cold SKT and sub-surface temperature at 0–10 cm over northern Eurasia and northeast region of NA from May to June. Model overestimates snow cover fraction from May to June in JIR P58-78 than JIR P94-14, which leads to excessive upwards-shortwave radiation in the northern latitudes. Due to cold temperature from the surface to mid-troposphere, model depicts lower geopotential heights in mid-troposphere, which leads to increase westerly winds at mid-troposphere over northern latitudes from May to June. The climatological differences between earlier and later periods of JIR from May to June are similar to differences between reforecasts initialized in winter and spring as reported by some recent studies. The climatological difference between JIR P58-78 and P94-14 depicts enhanced cooling from surface to 600 hPa over northern latitudes in January. As lead months increase, the magnitude of cold temperature decreases gradually from February to March. Most prominent centers of geopotential height from surface to mid-troposphere over northern latitude in climatological differences between earlier and later periods of JIR in January vanish in February. The different sources of ICs and the nature of land conditions before and after 1979 are main causes of large differences in JIR from May to June over northern latitudes.
Sustainable development of rural areas, Russian issues
Authors: Diuldin Maksim , Bykova Natalia , Zhuchenko Alexander , Rozhmina Tatiana , Cheremisin Alexey , Switala Franciszek
Published: November 2020

The rural areas of Russia are characterized by a great variety of natural conditions, depending on their geographical location. This determines the historical economic use of these areas and hence the formation of certain types of agro-ecosystems. The rapid growth of cities in some regions of Russia has led to a marked disruption of life-supporting processes in the surrounding natural ecosystems, as well as in rural areas adjacent to cities and their agglomerations. From this point of view, it is important to find models for ecologically balanced rural development. Compared to “organic agriculture”, it is a broader concept that may be closer to “sustainable” agriculture.
Ecological state of soils in recreational areas
Authors: Hamitova Svetlana , Ivanova Marina , Fedchenko Elena , Pestovskij Aleksandr , Popova Aleksandra , Vlasova Olga
Published: November 2020

Study of heavy metal contamination of soil is carried out by means of various methods in many countries of the world. The review of to-date research works performed by us has shown that the Chinese scientists have been particularly active in this issue. Analysis of the land cover of the Vologda region is not well examined yet, which enhances the relevance of our research. In 2018, with the support of veterans, Olympic champions, the administration of the Verkhovazhsky rural settlement, State Duma deputy E.B. Shulepov in the village of Smetanino, we created the People’s Garden, Veterans Park, and the Olympic Cedar Grove. The aim of the research is to study the soils of the recreational areas of the village of Smetanino, Verkhovazhsky district, Vologda region. The research methods included determining the chemical composition of the soils selected, as well as processing and summarizing the data obtained. The sampling was carried out in 2019. The chemical tests of soil were performed according to the approved GOSTS and methods in the accredited laboratory of the FSBI Federal Centre of Agrochemical Service Vologodsky. In general, Veterans Park has the greatest heavy metal contamination of the soil, while the Olympic Cedar Grove has the least.
New approaches and methods for technologically polluted territories remediation
Authors: Sushkova Svetlana , Minkina Tatiana , Dudnikova Tamara , Barbashev Andrey , Kalinichenko Valery , Antonenko Elena
Published: November 2020

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been a major concern because of their carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, teratogenicity and wide distribution in the environment. Over 90% of PAHs in the environment exist on soil surface/sediment. Thus, it is critically important to understand the patterns of BaP accumulation and transformation peculiarities in soil for the technologically polluted territories remediation. It was studied the soils contaminated by power energy enterprise working on the burning coal with over 70% emissions containing PAHs. The territory adjoined to the Novocherkassk Power Station showed an intensive accumulation of polyarenes increased from 2012 up to 2019. With increasing distance from the plant, the PAHs accumulation in soils gradually decreases. The maximum of the PAHs content in the soil was found on the monitoring site located at 1.6 km from the enterprise 4185.4 ± 167.4 ng/g, the lowest level of PAHs was found at 20 km (1185.5 ± 45.0 ng/g PAHs). PAHs extraction from collected soil samples was performed using new ecologically clean express-method of subcritical water extraction without organic solvents use. The approaches for improving the contaminated territory ecological situation have been proposed including biological remediation by biochar, activated carbon.
On the possibility of using noble gases in the liquid phase in agriculture
Authors: Mozhyako Anna , Dudkin Valentin , Kosolapov Vladimir , Savchenko Ivan , Zhuchenko Alexander , Diuldin Maksim
Published: November 2020

The article substantiates the need to search for new solutions to increase crop yield through the use of new fertilizers. One of the options was proposed in this article. During the operation of nuclear power plants, by products are formed in the form of inert gases, for example, an isotope nitrogen-16, or helium-3 and helium-4, or xenon-133 and xenon-135. They are quite difficult to filter out of the air. If they are filtered into the atmosphere, other gas formations will pass. Therefore, the design of a cryogenic unit was developed for their deposition on the walls of the pipeline (transfer to a liquid state). In this case, they are separated by using different temperatures. Each liquid mixture is placed in its container. In autumn, these mixtures are transported to agricultural fields and spreads out. Experiments have shown that the use of these mixtures can increase the potato yield by two times compared to the case of no use of fertilizers. When comparing the results of the research of the potato yield grown using manure from domestic animals and compost with the yield obtained using a liquid mixture of the noble gas, it was established that the yield is lower by 60 % and 40 %.
Problems of waste management for semi-submersible drilling rig «polar star»
Authors: Chulkin Sergey , Polyakov Nikita
Published: November 2020

The development of hydrocarbon deposits on the Sakhalin shelf is one of the main components of JSC. Gazprom’s Eastern gas program. When drilling mud is used in the process of drilling wells, one of the most important components in the installation is a circulation system designed for cleaning the drilling mud from solid and gaseous phases, storing it and then feeding it into the well. In the light of the above, the study of this field, the chemical nature and directions of rational use of condensates is particularly relevant and modern. The purpose of the work is to conduct an audit of the polar Star drilling platform, study the operation of the installed equipment for the possibility of using hydrocarbon-based solutions. In the course of research and calculations, there were identified problematic equipment nodes that need to be completed. It is concluded that at the moment the Polyarnaya Zvezda oil drilling platform is not ready to use hydrocarbon-based solutions, but it is also not ready for safe and organized drilling operations. Without fixing the identified problem systems, drilling operations will be very difficult and environmentally unsafe.
Criteria and methodological approach to assessment of wastewater treatment methods
Authors: Korenchenkova Darya , Chulkin Sergey
Published: November 2020

When assessing water quality, there are several criteria. In the first place is the standardization factor, including limits on the withdrawal of water from sources, limits on the discharge of wastewater and the maximum mass of pollution for each ingredient. Further, water use implies three main types: 1) hygienic requirements for drinking water; 2) the quality of water for cultural purposes; 3) to the waters of fishery purposes. With the transition of Russia to the market, fundamentally changed attitudes towards ecology and raw materials, to technical policy, improving methods and means of wastewater treatment in order to extract useful elements from them and rational waste disposal. However, the problem of priority protection of domestic “know-how”, especially in environmental issues, aggravating the difficult social environment, remained relevant. Thus, there is a need to develop criteria and methods for minimizing costs while maintaining natural sources and wastewater treatment. There is a need to calculate socio-economic efficiency when it comes to the introduction of non-waste technologies related to the environment, which improves the social situation and the country’s prestige on a global level. Consider some points linking these problems with the solution of the problems of economics and ecology. It is necessary to highlight such aspects of the problem as: monitoring of harmful components, the cost-effectiveness of water treatment methods and the development of new methods for the production of effective sorbents and reagents. A separate article is the non-waste processes. In industrialized countries, the same problems exist that are often solved by rational disposal methods.
The application of autonomous systems based on renewable energy sources in rural settlements of different regions of Russian Federation
Authors: Kostik Nikita , Bobyl Alexander , Terukov Evgeniy
Published: November 2020

The aim of the research is to analyze and determine the most perspective renewable energy source (RES) for autonomous off-grid electrification in small settlements (less than 500 people) of Russia. Three climate zones were investigated in the research – South region, Far East region, Central region where average summer insolation is 5,76 kWh/m2; 5,88 kWh/m2; 5,35 kWh/m2 and average winter insolation is 1,93 kWh/m2; 0,75 kWh/m2; 1,03 kWh/m2, respectively. Output power values were similar in all investigated regions, however the main economic impact comes from social-economic factors – regional fuel price, transporting costs, assumed to be 75$US/month and size of photovoltaic system – higher solar activity needs fewer PV cells to satisfy required load. Using simulating software, hybrid photovoltaic-diesel systems demonstrated various costs of energy (LCOE): 0.257$/kWh in Krasnodar region, 0,378$/kWh in Orenburg region and 0,4$/kWh in Irkutsk region. Higher solar activity during winter season in Krasnodar region that allows to reduce fuel consumption as well as LCOE. Increased solar activity also allows to reduce the number of panels required to satisfy the demand. These results was compared to diesel only generators. Krasnodar region generators LCOE was 1,19$US/kWh, Orenburg region generators LCOE was 1,13$US/kWh, Irkutsk region generators LCOE was 1,31$US/kWh. The investigation also shows the influence of the ecological factor on the utilization of renewable energy sources – decrease in fuel consumption from 6000 liters per year to about 250 liters per year as well as reducing the carbon dioxide emissions.
Cement-based materials with oil shale fly ash additives
Authors: Vatin Nikolai , Barabanshchikov Yurii , Usanova Kseniia , Akimov Stanislav , Kalachev Andrei , Uhanov Aleksandr
Published: November 2020

Experimental studies on the influence of oil shale fly ash additives on thermal expansion, strength, shrinkage, and heat release of concrete were carried out. The addition of 30% fly ash over cement content increases the thermal expansion by 6 times. The addition of 40% fly ash increases the thermal expansion by 16 times. The expansion is due to the high free calcium oxide content (10%) in the fly ash and the high sulfuric acid anhydrite SO3content (10.3%). The anhydrite forms a highly expanding calcium hydrosulfoaluminate upon reaction with tricalcium aluminate cement in an unlimited amount of water. The oil shale fly ash addition above cement content significantly reduces shrinkage. If the ash content is higher, then the shrinkage decreases more. Shrinkage is on average 1.3 times less at a 30% fly ash content, and shrinkage is 1.8 times less at a 40% fly ash content. The fly ash has a higher sorption capacity than cement. Samples with the oil shale fly ash addition absorb more moisture than mixes without fly ash. Oil shale fly ash increases the compressive strength. If the fly ash content is 30% by weight of cement, then the compressive strength is higher than if the fly ash content is 40% by weight of cement for all concrete hardening periods. The flexural strength of mixes containing the fly ash turned out to be lower than the flexural strength of the mix without fly ash in the initial period of up to 15-22 days. Mixes with fly ash content in the amount of 30% and 40% by weight of cement exceeded the flexural strength of the mix without fly ash, respectively, by 24 and 17%. The fly ash addition provides a calmer, extended in time heat release with low self-heating of concrete in the initial period from 1 to 3 days. That is especially valuable for the thermal crack resistance of concrete.
Green spaces as indicator of air quality and mechanism for city’s environment stabilization in the Baltic region
Authors: Terekhina Natalia
Published: November 2020

Air pollution is one of the main environmental problem. And although average air pollution indicators in the Baltic region countries exceed limit values rarely, nevertheless, high pollution is present in some areas, damages ecosystems and public health. It is possible to use green spaces as one of the tools for cleaning atmospheric air. This article describes the scientific approaches to assess the cleansing function of urban plants. Particulate matters are considered as the main pollutant. Conclusions are drawn about the need to use an integrated approach that takes into account a number of characteristics of both plants and the ecosystems themselves, which allows solving the problems of environmental improvement in the cities of the Baltic region.
Faults Delicate Description Technology by Well-to-seismic Integration is applied to the Sabei Development Area of Daqing oil field
Authors: Jiang Jiajun
Published: November 2020

Due to the effect of faults, there are some problems such as the high oil wells ratios, and the partial incomplete injection-production relationship which effect the yield of the development in the west of Sabei Development Area that has a high content of oil. The effective method to improve the water-flooding control degree in densely faulted area is to further study the developmental morphology of fault area and improve the injection-production relationship. This passage combines the advantages of interpretation seismic data with high resolution and vertical plane strong data continuity, forming a technology of the description of well seismic combined with fault by breakpoint data logging boot, seismic trace, identify the properties of body, and carry out the verification of the interpretation results of well seismic combined with fault by dynamic analysis methods, implement the fault’s shape in the top surface of each reservoir group of the study area, and applied the guidance of research to guide the adjustment of injection-production system in the West of oil area, improve the injection-production relationship of complex fault zone, achieving a good effect of tapping the potential.
A new Production prediction model of staged fracturing horizontal wells for tight gas reservoirs
Authors: Li Xiaogang , Feng Zhengfu , Liu Changyin , Sun Zhiyu , Chen Qian , Yang Zhaozhong , Yuan Yijun
Published: November 2020

Numerical simulations have been frequently used to predict reservoir productivity and optimize the development scheme of non-conventional reservoirs. In this study, a new numerical simulation model of the gas flow based on the embedded discrete fracture model, which considers the start-up pressure gradient and stress sensitivity in the matrix system, is established. The proposed model is numerically solved and validated using the field production data. Based on the novel model, the sensitivity effect of the start-up pressure, stress sensitivity, and fracture layouts on production are considered. The results indicate the production of each fracture is distributed as U-shaped, the production of the outermost two fractures have the highest production.
Analysis of Jingyu Natural Mineral Water Recharge Mechanism
Authors: Zhang Nan , Shi Deyu , Wang Xue , Liu Bo
Published: November 2020

Jingyu county of jilin province is located in the core area of Changbai Mountain Nature Reserve. It belongs to the Changbai Mountain mineral water group and has a daily total flow of 151,000 m3. It is one of the most important mineral water producing areas in Northeast China and has nongfu spring, Evergrande ice springs, Master Kong and other well-known production bases. Therefore, it is of great significance to the local government and society to clarify the mineral water recharge mechanism in Jingyu Nature Reserve and ensure that the mineral water in the protected area is sufficient. In summary, in order to ensure the sustainable scientific development and utilization of mineral water in this area, this paper takes into account the local geological and hydrogeological structural characteristics, and uses the environmental isotope method to compare the hydrogen and oxygen isotopes of mineral water in the study area with atmospheric precipitation in the area. According to the isotope change law, the origin, formation conditions and recharge mechanism of the local groundwater were revealed. The conclusions are as follows: the main source of mineral water in Jingyu Nature Reserve is atmospheric precipitation, and the cycle time is 20 to 40 years.
Annual Variation of CO2 Absorption and Release in Xiangxi River of Three Gorges Reservoir
Authors: Yong-sheng Zhang , Hai-ying Li , Xu-Chun Ye
Published: November 2020

To analyze the annual variation of CO2 absorption and release in Xiangxi River of Three Gorges Reservoir, this paper set up six monitoring points in the Yangtze River and Xiangxi River to monitor CO2 emission flux at the air-water interface from July 2017 to June 2018 using static chamber method. During the investigation, this paper found that the variation rate of CO2 in the Xiangxi River averaged 0.67-2.14 ppm/min while the number for the Yangtze River was 1.07 ppm/min and 2.82 ppm/min respectively. The variation rate of CO2 was lower during water storage and higher during water discharge or in dry periods. The status of CO2 changed from absorption to release during water storage and vice versa during water discharge.
Study on oxidation desulfurization treatment of tail gas from large thermal power plants in Central Asia
Authors: Wang Liang , Zhang Chen
Published: November 2020

In recent years, Kazakhstan’s economic development has brought serious environmental problems. A large number of exhaust emissions are the important reasons for environmental pollution. Most of the tail gas emissions are due to coal combustion. In Kazakhstan, as many as 70% of large-scale thermal power plants will produce a lot of sulfur dioxide and other substances when burning coal, which will lead to acid rain and bring serious harm to the environment. On this basis, Kazakhstan continues to carry out research on desulfurization and denitrification technology of exhaust gas, so as to reduce the air pollution caused by exhaust gas. Combined with wind energy development technology, the oxidation desulfurization treatment method of power generation tail gas of large thermal power plants in Central Asia is studied in order to better purify the power generation tail gas and protect the environment.
Safety Test on the Regulating Gate of Fengtanggou Irrigated Area in Qixing Canal Ningxia Autonomous Region
Authors: Zhou Tao , Zhang Haijun , Xiao Jun , Ma Yu
Published: November 2020

In water projects, the water gate is widely used as a kind of construct to intercept water, discharge water or retain water. It is an essential measure to fulfill regular safety appraisal on the water gate so as to ensure the safe operation of sluice project. As of now, the regulating gate of Fengtanggou in Qixing Canal, Ningxia Autonomous Region has been in service for more than twenty years since its establishment. To obtain an overall comprehension of its operation status, as well as carry on thorough test on its safety, this paper introduced the tests on its concrete structure and metal structure, thus providing basis for the management of engineering operation.
Study on the strategy of adjustable potential of residential power load
Authors: Han Ninghui , Li Fei , Chen Songsong , Zhang Kai , Feng Jian
Published: November 2020

With the rapid development of power grid technology in China, the residential power load, as one of the most important load, is gradually penetrated by demand response. In this paper, residential users in low-voltage area are taken as the research object. Based on the classification of demand-side power load and the optimization objective of minimizing the comprehensive cost of residential users, a real-time demand response scheduling strategy is proposed, which is suitable for load aggregation and improves the participation of residential users. Under the condition that the user satisfaction is not affected as far as possible, the power consumption habit of the user is positively affected, and the expected load reduction target is achieved at the same time. The comprehensive power consumption cost of the user is effectively reduced, and the purpose of energy saving and peak and valley filling is achieved, so as to achieve the orderly power consumption of household energy.
Pollution Control and Resources Allocation: Optimization Path of Carbon Trading Efficiency Driven by Service Trade Enterprises Innovation
Authors: Yi Luxia , You Yucong
Published: November 2020

This paper subdivides and explores the mechanism of the role of standardization on international service trade enterprises from three dimensions and aspects, analysing and studying the three dimensions of the scale of international service trade, the combination of international service trade elements and the efficiency of carbon trading, optimization of resource allocation, together with the benefits of service trade. The research discovered and sorted out the mechanism of standardization to promote the efficiency of carbon trading of service trade enterprises and improve competitiveness: standardization and service trade enterprises low-carbon emission technology advancement; standardization and service trade enterprises carbon trading resource optimization allocation; standardization and service trade enterprises carbon trading information symmetry. Based on this mechanism, three paths are drawn to promote the development of carbon trading efficiency optimization and innovation of service trade enterprises through standardization, and the research combines the three traits of green, low-carbon and recycling in the current standardization of service trade enterprises in the new era and puts forward relevant suggestions.
Reconstruction of Seed Industry’s Value Chain in the Context of “Internet +”
Authors: Zhang Changlu
Published: November 2020

The Internet+ action plan was first proposed in the 2015’s government work report by Premier Li Keqiang. Then the integration of Internet and traditional industries accelerated with the appearance of O2O, Internet finance and so on. As a strategic and basic industry, the healthy development of seed industry was vital to ensure the food security. The paper tried to analyse the influence of Internet+ on each links of the seed industry’s value chain including research, breeding, producing, marketing and service based on the analysis of the characteristics of Internet+. In the end, the paper put forward the re-construction of the seed industry’s value chain including development, integration and optimization, which provided ideas for the healthy development of “Internet + seed industry”.
The analysis of replacing high-resolution terrain data forforecasting solar radiation in Wuhan, China
Authors: Hu Zaiming
Published: November 2020

This experiment uses the data from European Center for Medium-Term Weather Forcast and the mesoscale numerical model WRF to predict the total solar radiation in Wuhan in January, April, July and October 2018. During the experiment, the Aster global digital elevation model data was used as high-precision topographic data to replace, and two sets of data which are forecasted by WRF were compared with the observation data of Wuhan station. The experiment results show that the four-month forecast has a good correspondence with the observation station data, and which has passed the 0.01 significance test. Meanwhile, the simulation results in January were poor, and the simulation results in July and October were the best. After the improvement of replacing high-precision terrain data, the MAE and RMSE for 4 months have been reduced by 10-20W/m2, and both MAE and RRMSE have also been reduced by 5%-10%.