bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALYSIS OF WING SEPARATION AND MID-AIR BREAKUP IN LIGHT TRAINING AIRCRAFT
Authors: Hirabayashi Matthew
Published: December 2021

Despite increasing discussions concerning the recently published wing spar airworthiness directive (AD) that affects many training aircraft and several current ADs for wing struts, there remains limited objective literature on incidents of wing separation or mid-air breakup. This paper attempts to report and analyse instances of wing separation and mid-air breakup of light training aircraft. A careful review of the United States National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) aircraft accident database revealed that wing separations were more likely occur as mid-air breakup in PA28s than 172s/182s (OR: 3.06, 95 % CI: 1.3682 to 6.8536, p = .008). Additionally, wing separations were less likely to occur as mid-air breakups in the strutted 172s/182s than 177s/210s that don’t have a wing strut (OR: 0.11, 95 % CI: 0.04 to 0.29, p = <.001). This implies that non-strutted wing designs may be more susceptability to mid-air breakup than the strutted design of similar aircraft.
EVALUATION OF AXIAL LOAD-BEARING CAPACITY OF CONCRETE COLUMNS STRENGTHENED BY A NEW SECTION ENLARGEMENT METHOD
Authors: Hao Meijing , Zheng Wenzhong , Chang Wei
Published: December 2021

The objective of this study is to evaluate the axial load-bearing capacity of section-enlargement concrete columns. To reach the objection, a new strengthened method in which columns are jacketed with a large welded octagonal stirrup at the center and four spiral stirrups at the corners of column is developed. The new section-enlargement method avoids interrupting existing columns and improves the reliability of strengthened part, besides, the confining stress generated by octagonal stirrup and spiral stirrups enhances the compressive strength and deformability of strengthened columns. In addition, sixteen large-scale concrete columns strengthened by the new strengthened method were tested under axial compressive loads. The experimental results show that the axial compression ratio of existing column generates stressstrain lag in strengthened part and decreases the load-bearing capacity of specimens; the stirrups in strengthened part significantly enhance the axial load-bearing capacity of specimens. According to confinement conditions, the cross-section of specimens is divided into five parts and the confinement factor for each part is calculated to establish the prediction models for the load-bearing capacity of specimens. Furthermore, by comparing the results between the developed model and existing models, the developed model has high accuracy in evaluating the load-bearing capacity of strengthened columns.
Spectroscopy of Candidate Members of the Sco-Cen Complex*
Authors: Luhman K. L. , Esplin T. L.
Published: December 2021

We present spectroscopy of 285 previously identified candidate members of populations in the Sco-Cen complex, primarily Ophiuchus, Upper Sco, and Lupus. The spectra are used to measure spectral types and diagnostics of youth. We find that 269 candidates exhibit signatures of youth in our spectra or previous data, which is consistent with their membership in Sco-Cen. We have constructed compilations of candidate members of Ophiuchus, Upper Sco, and Lupus that have spectral classifications and evidence of youth, which contain a total of 2274 objects. In addition, we have used spectra from previous studies to classify three sources in Ophiuchus that have been proposed to be protostellar brown dwarfs: ISO Oph 70, 200, and 203. We measure spectral types of early M from those data, which are earlier than expected for young brown dwarfs based on evolutionary models (≳M6.5) and instead are indicative of stellar masses (∼0.6 M
⊙).
AstroSat Study of the Globular Cluster NGC 2298: Probable Evolutionary Scenarios of Hot Horizontal Branch Stars
Authors: Rani Sharmila , Pandey Gajendra , Subramaniam Annapurni , Chung Chul , Sahu Snehalata , Kameswara Rao N.
Published: December 2021

We present the far-UV (FUV) photometry of images acquired with UVIT on AstroSat to probe the horizontal branch (HB) population of the Galactic globular cluster NGC 2298. UV-optical color–magnitude diagrams (CMDs) are constructed for member stars in combination with Hubble Space Telescope UV Globular Cluster Survey data for the central region and Gaia and ground-based photometric data for the outer region. A blue HB (BHB) sequence with a spread and four hot HB stars are detected in all FUV-optical CMDs and are compared with theoretical updated BaSTI isochrones and synthetic HB models with a range in helium abundance, suggesting that the hot HB stars are helium enhanced when compared to the BHB. The estimated effective temperature, radius, and luminosity of HB stars, using the best spectral energy distribution fits, were compared with various HB models. BHB stars span a temperature range from 7500 to 12,250 K. Three hot HB stars have 35,000–40,000 K, whereas one star has around ∼100,000 K. We suggest the following evolutionary scenarios: two stars are likely to be the progeny of extreme HB (EHB) stars formed through an early hot-flasher scenario, one is likely to be an EHB star with probable helium enrichment, and the hottest HB star, which is about to enter the white dwarf cooling phase, could have evolved from the BHB phase. Nevertheless, these are interesting spectroscopic targets to understand the late stages of evolution.
Domains of Magnetic Pressure Balance in Parker Solar Probe Observations of the Solar Wind
Authors: Ruffolo David , Ngampoopun Nawin , Bhora Yash R. , Thepthong Panisara , Pongkitiwanichakul Peera , Matthaeus William H. , Chhiber Rohit
Published: December 2021

The Parker Solar Probe (PSP) spacecraft is performing the first in situ exploration of the solar wind within 0.2 au of the Sun. Initial observations confirmed the Alfvénic nature of aligned fluctuations of the magnetic field
B
and velocity
V
in solar wind plasma close to the Sun, in domains of nearly constant magnetic field magnitude ∣
B
∣, i.e., approximate magnetic pressure balance. Such domains are interrupted by particularly strong fluctuations, including but not limited to radial field (polarity) reversals, known as switchbacks. It has been proposed that nonlinear Kelvin–Helmholtz instabilities form near magnetic boundaries in the nascent solar wind leading to extensive shear-driven dynamics, strong turbulent fluctuations including switchbacks, and mixing layers that involve domains of approximate magnetic pressure balance. In this work we identify and analyze various aspects of such domains using data from the first five PSP solar encounters. The filling fraction of domains, a measure of Alfvénicity, varies from median values of 90% within 0.2 au to 38% outside 0.9 au, with strong fluctuations. We find an inverse association between the mean domain duration and plasma β. We examine whether the mean domain duration is also related to the crossing time of spatial structures frozen into the solar wind flow for extreme cases of the aspect ratio. Our results are inconsistent with long, thin domains aligned along the radial or Parker spiral direction, and compatible with isotropic domains, which is consistent with prior observations of isotropic density fluctuations or flocculae in the solar wind.
Ecological and morphological features of Rhodiola rosea L. in natural populations in the Altai Mountains 
Authors: Prokopyev Alexey S. , Yamburov Mikhail S. , Chernova Olga D. , Kataeva Tatyana N. , Prokopyeva Elena S. , Machkinis Elena Yu. , Kuznetsov Alexander A.
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe paper presents the results of the comprehensive study of Rhodiola rosea L. in natural populations in the Altai Mountains. The phytocoenotic confinement, demographic structure, and morphological characters of coenopopulations of Rh. rosea were studied in different ecological and coenotic conditions in the Chemal and Kosh-Agach regions of the Republic of Altai. Correlation between the morphometric parameters and their calculated values for the shoot and sex of the studied individuals, as well as environmental factors, was revealed. Rhodiola rosea L. is a valuable medicinal plant used for functional diseases of the central nervous system. At present, the natural reserves and areas of natural growth of the golden root have decreased significantly. The species is included in the Red Data Book of the Russian Federation (2008) and many regional Red Data Books of Siberia. In the Altai Mountains, Rh. rosea is widespread throughout the highlands, where it has occupied a wide range of habitats. The study showed that the highest values of ecological and effective density are characteristic of coenopopulations which are part of various hygrophytic variants of alpine and subalpine miscellaneous herbs with a high total projective cover of the herbaceous layer (CP 1, 2, 3, 4). The lowest values were found for coenopopulations growing in communities with a scarce herbaceous layer or dense shrub layer, and on steep gravelly slopes with crumbling soil and nonuniform moisture distribution (CP 5, 6, 8, 9). The studied coenopopulations are normal, full-membered, or incomplete-membered (some of them lack postgenerative individuals). In terms of the ontogenetic spectra, they are mainly left-sided, with a predominance of young generative individuals (CP 4, 5, 7) or bimodal, with an additional peak for old generative individuals (CP 2, 3, 6, 8). Male and female individuals Rh. rosea differ in many morphometric characters of the generative shoots. In some coenopopulations (CP 2, 3, 6, 9), male and female individuals show multidirectional deviation of characters compared to the totality, which indicates that in different environmental conditions these characters are not only genetically determined but can also be related to the sex of individuals.
Using DNA metabarcoding to decipher the diet plant component of mammals from the Eastern Mediterranean region
Authors: Boukhdoud Liliane , Saliba Carole , Parker Lillian D. , McInerney Nancy Rotzel , Kahale Rhea , Saliba Issam , Maldonado Jesús E. , Kharrat Magda Bou Dagher
Published: December 2021

Longevity of species populations depends largely on interactions among animals and plants in an ecosystem. Predation and seed dispersal are among the most important interactions necessary for species conservation and persistence, and diet analysis is a prerequisite tool to evaluate these interactions. Understanding these processes is crucial for identifying conservation targets and for executing efficient reforestation and ecological restoration. In this study, we applied a scat DNA metabarcoding technique using the P6-loop of thetrnL(UAA) chloroplastic marker to describe the seasonal plant diet composition of 15 mammal species from a highly biodiverse Lebanese forest in the Eastern Mediterranean. We also recovered plant seeds, when present, from the scats for identification. The mammal species belong to 10 families from 5 different orders. More than 133 plant species from 54 plant families were detected and identified. Species from the Rosaceae, Poaceae, Apiaceae, Fabaceae, Fagaceae and Berberidaceae families were consumed by the majority of the mammals and should be taken into consideration in future reforestation and conservation projects. Our results showed that the DNA metabarcoding approach provides a promising method for tracking the dietary plant components of a wide diversity of mammals, yielding key insights into plant-animal interactions inside Lebanon’s forests.
La recherche de trop ? Configurations et enjeux de la surétude
Authors: Chossière Florent , Desvaux Pierre , Mahoudeau Alex
Published: December 2021

Malgré son caractère exceptionnel, la surétude fonctionne comme un miroir particulièrement efficace de la recherche universitaire. Réfléchir aux multiples enjeux soulevés par les phénomènes de surétude permet de repenser, sous un angle particulier, les normes de la recherche en train de se faire, de la définition d’un objet d’étude en amont jusqu’aux modalités de restitution des résultats en aval, ainsi que de révéler des impensés des pratiques d’enquête. En proposant d’aborder la surétude non pas comme l’effet de « mauvaises pratiques » de terrain mais comme un effet structurant de la recherche au travail, ce dossier entend ainsi proposer des pistes de réflexion et ouvrir des discussions sur cette thématique qui fait l’objet d’une attention croissante dans le monde anglophone, mais qui reste encore rarement abordée dans la littérature francophone, tout en proposant de valoriser les apports de la géographie pour sa compréhension. Nous nous attardons sur trois phénomènes marquant les dynamiques de surétude : l’apparition d’une « industrie » locale de la recherche, le phénomène de « fatigue » de la recherche, ainsi que les effets de dissimulation causés par ces dynamiques. Nous discutons aussi des implications méthodologiques d’un tel phénomène.
Enquêter les personnes trans en géographie. Des méthodes participatives pour répondre aux enjeux de la surétude ?
Authors: Bonté Milan
Published: December 2021

La situation de surétude des personnes trans se traduit, en France et au Royaume-Uni, par un double enjeu : d’un côté, il existe une forme de sursollicitation des communautés trans dans le cadre d’enquêtes académiques ou non-académiques, et de l’autre, paradoxalement, de véritables lacunes dans les savoirs trans . L’objet de cet article est de commenter la mise en place d’un protocole d’enquête participative visant à répondre à ces enjeux, déployé dans le cadre d’une thèse en géographie, pour en proposer un bilan critique. La lourdeur des méthodes collaboratives mises en place limite les retombées positives de telles méthodes pour les communautés enquêtées comme pour la recherche. Cela alimente la surcharge des communautés tout en écartant les recherches les moins institutionnalisées. La violence quotidienne vécue par les populations minoritaires est décuplée par l’implication des participant·e·s dans l’analyse de leurs propres vécus. Un chercheur ou une chercheuse membre de la population étudiée se retrouve enfin aux prismes d’injonctions communautaires et académiques contradictoires.
À la recherche de la surétude dans les grandes bases de données bibliométriques. Propositions exploratoires à partir d’un cas d’étude sur l’Arctique
Authors: Duc Marine
Published: December 2021

Alors que l’Arctique suscite un intérêt croissant qui se manifeste dans le volume des publications scientifiques portant sur cette région, un imaginaire de l’inexploré persiste dans son appréhension. En partant de cet apparent paradoxe, il s’agit d’analyser ce que le référencement des terrains d’enquête dans la production savante analysée à travers le contenu d’une base de données bibliographique de référence – le Web of Science – nous dit des spatialités de la recherche sur l’Arctique. Les mots-clés des publications indexées dans Web of Science permettent de dresser un état de la recherche sur la région, mais surtout de mettre en valeur l’existence d’un saut scalaire entre l’échelle de la collecte de données et celle du référencement de l’article. À l’heure d’un recours croissant à la bibliométrie pour évaluer les productions scientifiques et d’une croissance de la culture des citations, les pratiques de référencement des chercheuses et chercheurs telles qu’elles se manifestent dans les grandes bases de données participent aussi à une mise en ordre de la science qui contribue à invisibiliser les phénomènes de surenquête. Cela m’amène à suggérer quelques pistes pour envisager d’autres rapports à la sélection des mots-clés dans les pratiques de publication.
Négociation(s) et intérêt(s) : l’entreprise deviendrait-elle une institution ?
Authors: Fouquet Simon
Published: December 2021

La négociation collective est marquée, en France et depuis quelques décennies, par une décentralisation en direction du niveau de l’entreprise. L’entreprise elle-même, ces dernières années, a fait l’objet de questionnements sur sa nature et sa qualification juridique, après être longtemps restée occultée derrière la notion de société. Ces deux mouvements suggèrent que l’entreprise est en voie d’institutionnalisation, par la montée en puissance d’un intérêt qui lui serait propre et qui serait l’objet de négociations à ce niveau. Le présent texte vise à examiner cette hypothèse de manière critique, en adoptant le double point de vue du droit du travail et du droit des sociétés. Ce double point de vue sera médiatisé par la notion, centrale ici, d’intérêt.
Établissement, entreprise ou groupe – La négociation d’entreprise en quête de ses espaces
Authors: Peskine Elsa
Published: December 2021

L’ordonnancement des accords collectifs de niveaux différents a été en particulier pensé et décrit dans les rapports entre l’entreprise et la branche. Mais le regard peut s’orienter également sur un autre versant et embrasser l’ordonnancement des niveaux que l’on peut qualifier d’organisationnels en ce qu’ils constituent des espaces de négociation propres à l’organisation productive. Dans la détermination des lieux de déploiement de la capacité d’autorégulation et dans l’agencement des normes conventionnelles, se joue alors une certaine construction et structuration de l’organisation productive. À cet égard, le droit positif est le tableau d’une évolution marquante. D’une part, s’esquisse une diversification des niveaux de conclusion des accords collectifs. À l’établissement et à l’entreprise s’est ajouté le groupe, et même le niveau de « l’interentreprises ». D’autre part, cette diversification s’accompagne, non pas d’une répartition matérielle des compétences normatives distribuées entre chaque niveau, mais d’une liberté offerte aux interlocuteurs sociaux de choisir le niveau qu’ils jugent le plus approprié pour leur négociation par la création d’une forme de fongibilité des accords. L’accord collectif d’entreprise devient une catégorie générique englobant l’accord d’établissement, l’accord d’entreprise au sens strict, et l’accord de groupe. Cette liberté va jusqu’à offrir la possibilité aux parties d’organiser la prévalence de l’accord conclu au niveau centralisé sur l’accord de proximité.
La production cinématographique en négociation : la convention collective de branche comme cadre d’une logique de projets
Authors: Zarka Samuel
Published: December 2021

La production cinématographique en France se caractérise par une logique de projets profondément hétérogènes en matière de moyens et de budget. À cet égard, il est remarquable que la branche se soit constituée en espace majeur de négociation des normes applicables, notamment en ce qui concerne les salaires des équipes techniques, c’est-à-dire des réalisateurs, opérateurs, décorateurs, etc. Alors même que l’orientation générale des réformes du code du travail, depuis les années 1980, a tendu à favoriser la négociation au niveau de l’entreprise afin d’accompagner les variations productives, ce niveau de négociation est déserté par le cinéma. Visant à élucider ce paradoxe, l’hypothèse de cet article tient précisément dans l’idée que le renouvellement indéfini de projets variés requiert d’établir des repères d’action généraux, dont la branche fournit le cadre. Dès lors, penser la négociation collective permettrait moins de penser l’« entreprise » comme une entité stabilisée qu’une activité productive éminemment fluide, où le droit négocié jour un rôle structurant.
Iodine-125 Plaque Radiotherapy for Retinoblastoma Recurrence Following Intra-arterial Chemotherapy
Authors: Ruben Megan , Eiger-Moscovich Maya , Yaghy Antonio , Tadepalli Sameeksha , Shields Carol L.
Published: December 2021

Purpose:

To assess the efficacy and toxicity of Iodine-125 (I-125) plaque radiotherapy for retinoblastoma following intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC).

Methods:

Clinical records of patients with retinoblastoma who received I-125 plaque radiotherapy after IAC at the Ocular Oncology Service at Wills Eye Hospital between December 1, 2009 and April 30, 2020, were retrospectively reviewed.

Results:

Forty-one retinoblastomas in 41 eyes of 41 patients were treated with I-125 plaque radiotherapy after IAC at a median age of 32 months. The indication for plaque radiotherapy was solid tumor recurrence with or without overlying subretinal/vitreous seeds (n = 33, 80%), subretinal seeds alone (n = 6, 15%), and vitreous seeds alone (n = 2, 5%). The median irradiated basal diameter and thickness was 9 and 4 mm, respectively. Mean radiation dose to tumor apex was 3,483 centigray (cGy) delivered at mean rate of 35 cGy/hr. The irradiated site was controlled in 39 eyes (95%) at a median of 20 months after plaque radiotherapy for solid tumor (31 of 33, 94%), subretinal (6 of 6,100%), and vitreous seeds (2 of 2, 100%). A subgroup of tumors occurring within an ischemic retinal/choroidal field was identified on fluorescein angiography (n = 24) and demonstrated control in 22 of 24 (92%). Using Kaplan-Meier analysis, radiation complications at 2 years included vitreous hemorrhage (37%), retinopathy (28%), papillopathy (18%), and cataract (18%). Five eyes (12%) were enucleated for recurrence outside the irradiated area, chronic vitreous hemorrhage, and/or total retinal detachment.

Conclusions:

Iodine-125 plaque radiotherapy provided 95% control for retinoblastoma tumors that failed IAC, including those in ischemic fields untreatable with further chemotherapy. Radiation complications should be anticipated in eyes exposed to substantial chemotherapy.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2022;59(3):164–171.]
Treatment of Advanced Coats' Disease With Combination Therapy of Laser Photocoagulation, Intravitreal Ranibizumab, and Sub-Tenon Methylprednisolone Acetate
Authors: Petroni Sergio , Catena Gino , Iarossi Giancarlo , Federici Matteo , Zinzanella Gaetano , Parrilla Rosa , Valente Paola , Buzzonetti Luca
Published: December 2021

Purpose:

To investigate the efficacy of combination therapy with laser photocoagulation, intravitreal ranibizumab, and sub-Tenon methylprednisolone acetate in patients presenting with advanced Coats' disease.

Methods:

This was a retrospective analysis of 16 patients who underwent laser photocoagulation combined with intravitreal ranibizumab and sub-Tenon methylprednisolone acetate between 2008 and 2017. The primary outcome was anatomic success and the secondary outcomes were globe preservation and final visual acuity.

Results:

The average age at surgery was 5.12 ± 2.7 years (range: 3 to 10 years). The mean follow-up time was 45.43 ± 29.01 months (range: 12 to 108 months). Of the 16 patients (16 eyes) reviewed, 6 patients had stage 3A and 10 patients had stage 3B Coats' disease. The mean number of applications was 10 (range: 4 to 18). Globe preservation was achieved in all patients. Final visual acuity outcomes were satisfactory: 20/20 to 20/50 in 2 patients, 20/60 to 20/100 in 1 patient, and 20/200 or worse in 13 patients.

Conclusions:

Intravitreal ranibizumab used in combination with laser photocoagulation and sub-Tenon methylprednisolone acetate could be an effective treatment option for patients with advanced Coats' disease. The combined therapy achieved anatomical success, globe preservation, and reasonable visual acuity outcomes.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2022;59(3):187–191.]
Polydimethylsiloxane mechanical properties: A systematic review
Authors: Teixeira Inês ,   University of Minho, Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Minho, Campus de Azurém, Guimarães, Portugal, Castro Inês , Carvalho Violeta , Rodrigues Cristina , Souza Andrews , Lima Rui , Teixeira Senhorinha , Ribeiro João ,   MEtRICs, Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Minho, Campus de Azurém, Guimarães, Portugal,   ALGORITMI, Production and Systems Department, School of Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Azurém, Guimarães, Portugal,   Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus Sta Apolónia, Bragança, Portugal,   CIMO, Campus Sta Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
Published: December 2021

Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) has been a promising material for microfluidic, particularly in lab-on-chip. Due to the panoply of good physical, mechanical and chemical properties, namely, viscosity, modulus of elasticity, colour, thermal conductivity, thermal coefficient of expansion, its application has been increasingly requested in quite different areas. Despite such characteristics, there are also some drawbacks associated, and to overcome them, several strategies have been developed to modify PDMS. Given the great variety of relevant conducted research in this field, the present work aims to gather the most relevant information, the advantages and disadvantages of some of the techniques used, and also identify potential gaps and challenges in it. To this end, a systematic literature review was conducted by collecting data from four different databases, Science Direct, American Chemical Society, Scopus, and Springer. Two authors independently screened the references, extracted the key information, and assessed the quality of the included studies. After the analysis of the collected data, 25 studies were selected that addressed the various mechanical properties of PDMS and how to modify them in order to suit a particular application.
Comparation study of soil genetic diversity of bacteria and fungi in different vegetation successions in a karst of Guizhou province, China
Authors: Mi Yidong , Fang Hongda , Peng Tao , Zhou Min , Li Xinru , Wang Fanfan , Chen Haiyan , Su Hailei , Zhu Yuanrong , Wei Yuan , Xi Lin
Published: December 2021

To study the soil genetic diversity of bacteria and fungi in different vegetation successions (grassland, shrubbery, primary forest and secondary forest) from the karst area, the Polymerase Chain Reaction-Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) technology was applied. The results showed that: (1) the diversity of bacterial communities and the fungal communities in karst area were higher than non karst area in each vegetation succession. Compared with the survey from bacterial (the Shannon index was 2.97 in primary forest, 2.91 in secondary forest, 3.18 in shrubbery, 3.14 in grassland and 2.68 in non karst), fungal diversity between karst areas (the Shannon index was 3.56 in primary forest, 3.78 in secondary forest, 3.73 in shrubbery and 3.70 in grassland) and non karst areas (the Shannon index was 3.08) was more evident, which may be related to the alterations of the composition of plant community and the source of carbon in soil with the vegetation succession of karst ecosystem; (2) The comparation of bacterial diversity index and the richness comprehensively evaluated as follows: shrubbery > grassland > primary forest > nsecondary forest. The diversity index and the richness of fungal communities was as follows: secondary forest > shrubbery > grassland > primary forest. The results suggest that the fungal communities have been greatly changed via vegetation successions, but the diversity index and the richness of the bacterial communities have not been seriously affected. The results provide scientific basis for understanding karst surface ecosystem, which contributes to the future aim of protecting the karst from desertification.
Potential influence of a planned landfill on a high karst plateau in Southwestern Montenegro to nearby karstic springs
Authors: Horacek Micha , Radulovic Milan , Jancic Dejan , Wyhlidal Stefan , Culafic Golub
Published: December 2021

The potential threat of a landfill projected on a high karst plateau in southwest Montenegro is investigated with respect to the subjacent nearby springs. The locality is called Duboki do. As the springs are used for drinking water supply this investigation is urgently needed. For the springs exist two hypotheses concerning their catchment area: I) from the high karst plateau, or II) from a topographically lower area. The stable H- and O-isotope ratios of water samples from the springs are compared with precipitation isotope data, to reveal the catchment area of the springs. The isotope results indicate that the catchment area of the springs is at higher altitude fitting to, and in good agreement with, winter precipitation from the high karst plateau of the planned land-fill locality.
El legado familiar: Una aproximación a las tacanot hispánicas relativas al matrimonio y la devolución patrimonial (siglos XIII-XV)
Authors: Girona Berenguer Marina
Published: December 2021

Este artículo presenta el estudio de varias tacanot u ordenanzas comunitarias judías destinadas a regular la práctica matrimonial y la devolución del patrimonio. Dichas leyes fueron promulgadas por diferentes comunidades de judíos de origen hispánico entre los siglos XIII y XV, y ponen de manifiesto la necesidad e importancia de legislar sobre aspectos concernientes a la unidad social básica: la familia. A través del análisis individualizado y conjunto de las ordenanzas, se establecen dos modelos de devolución patrimonial derivados de dos regímenes matrimoniales distintos: el de bienes comunes y el de capitulación o separación de bienes.
Empowering STEAM Academics to Adopt Enterprise Pedagogies
Authors: Birdthistle Naomi , Riverola Carla , Boorer Lenka , Ekberg Sara
Published: December 2021

Digital transformation and emerging technologies have disrupted the workplace, from the skills employees need in the workplace to the entrepreneurial mindset they require in this dynamic and globalized economic system. While the workers of today are navigating this transition, students require skills to lead the working landscape of the future. These skills, known as 21st century skills which encompass enterprising skills (i.e., creativity, innovation, teamwork), are generic skills that are transferable across different jobs and are a powerful predictor of long-term job success and will be increasingly important into the future. The Australian Government calls for enhanced enterprise skills due to their ubiquitous application and benefit across life and work domains. To answer this call, this chapter bridges the knowledge and resource gap that Australian STEAM academics have by explaining the development of a specially designed platform to teach the 21st century skills and enterprise skills.
The Effect of Product Modularity on Supplier Integration
Authors: Sorkun Metehan Feridun , Özpeynirci Özgür
Published: December 2021

This chapter seeks to identify the set of conditions under which the mirroring hypothesis holds, proposing that modular product architecture leads to organizational modularity (i.e., supplier disintegration). The contradictory results on the mirroring hypothesis in the extant literature call for a more holistic analysis of the issue. To this end, this chapter develops a multi-objective mathematical model, allowing for the simultaneous examination of potentially influential factors, including those claimed to be neglected by the mirroring hypothesis. The findings reveal that modular product architecture does not necessarily lead to supplier disintegration, but that its effect is contingent on a firm's priorities.
Blockchain
Authors: Sidiqqui Arish , Tansen Kazi Jubaer
Published: December 2021

Blockchain is distributed ledger technology. Its advancement has been compared to the rise of the internet with debate about the technology's probability to disrupt multiple industries including healthcare, transportation, real estate, public domains, manufacturing, intellectual property, education, and financial services. It is predicted that the blockchain will have a major impact on many trust-based environments due to its nature of recording any digital transaction that is secure, efficient, transparent, auditable, and resistant to the outage, thereby providing the much-needed security in the transfer of assets in cyberspace. This chapter will highlight some of the business processes that can be disrupted by blockchain technology.
Elaborative Investigation of Blockchain Technology in Intelligent Networks
Authors: Dhaya R.  , Kanthavel R.
Published: December 2021

The fifth generation (5G) network advancements focus to help mixed upright applications by associating heterogeneous gadgets and machines with extreme upgrades regarding high quality of administration, extended organization limit, and improved framework throughput regardless of significant difficulties like decentralization, straightforwardness, dangers of information interoperability, network protection, and security weaknesses. The challenges and limitations of other intelligent 5G intelligent internet of networks (5G IoTs) are also to be met by using blockchain technology with the integration of cloud computing and edge computing technologies. In this chapter, the authors render an elaborated analytics of the empowering of blockchain technology in intelligent networks that includes 5G networks and 5G-based IoT. The solutions for the spectrum management, data sharing, security, and privacy in 5G networks will also be analyzed. It is believed that the chapter would be useful for researchers in the field of blockchain in intelligent networks.
Past, Present, and Future of Artificial Intelligence in Library Services
Authors: Yoganingrum Ambar , Rachmawati Rulina , Koharudin Koharudin
Published: December 2021

In the past, human imagination about intelligent machines was only found in the science fiction of storybooks and films. Today, artificial intelligence (AI) can be found in people's daily lives. Various professions should prepare to face the automation era in the future. Libraries may be one of the slowest institutions to develop AI. Gradually, the institution adopts it for their services. Many papers focus on AI development in libraries, but the opportunities and challenges for librarians to face the era of automation are essential to discuss. This chapter provides insights into the professions that librarians can offer. First, this chapter provides information on the history and development of AI in library services. Then, based on bibliometric analysis, this chapter discusses AI trends in library services. Next, this chapter conducts a systematic review and presents the types of AI developed over time for library services. Finally, this chapter discusses the types of jobs, expertise, and skills that librarians can develop in the robotics era in the future.
Social Media and Library Services
Authors: Onuoha Charis Onyemauchechukwu , Enyia Christian Obisike , Ozioko Reuben Ejike , Obiano Doris Chinyere
Published: December 2021

The chapter discussed the integration of social media to library and information services rendered in libraries. The authors paid more attention to how this is possible in Nigeria reviewing what other authors have done in related areas and the current reality in our libraries. The authors gave a background information of what social media, library, and library services are. The chapter is broken down into the following sub-headings for easier discussion and understanding: overview and types of social media that libraries can adopt, services rendered by libraries social media can be integrated into, benefits of social media to library services, challenges of social media use in Nigerian libraries, and the future of social media in a world of changing technologies.
Challenges Facing Undergraduates in the Use of Electronic Information Resources in Universities in Southwest Nigeria
Authors: Sambo Atanda Saliu , Ntogo Gbntogo-Saghanen G.B. , Eda Rita
Published: December 2021

This study aims at identifying the challenges facing undergraduates in the use of electronic information resources (EIR) in a university in Southwest Nigeria. The descriptive survey design was adopted for this study. The population for the study comprised 85,526 registered undergraduate student (2018/2019) academic session in the federal and state universities in Southwest Nigeria. The sample for the study was 398. Proportionate sampling techniques were used to draw the sample. Questionnaire was the instrument used for data collection from the respondents based on a four-point scale rating. The findings revealed high cost of access, power outage, information overload, lack of proper maintenance, funding of library services, among others. Based on the findings, the study recommended provision of alternative sources of funds, constant maintenance of e-resources, and first year students should be introduced to computer training, among others.
Smart Medical Kit in Chronic Kidney Disease Management
Authors: Sekaran Pitchumani Angayarkanni
Published: December 2021

Internet of things (IoT)-enabled devices perform remote monitoring of patients and keep them healthy. They also facilitate physicians to provide high-quality care to their patients with accurate data. Chronic disease involves a wide range of health issues like diabetics, asthma, heart disease, kidney disease, and other disorders. To avoid disease progression, the IoT-based smart medical kit helps in episodic patient monitoring, continuous patient monitoring in acute conditions, and patient alarm monitoring. The chapter focuses on the deployment of interconnected devices (sensors, actuators, monitors, detectors, and camera systems) to collect data from heterogeneous systems. The output is connected to a think speak dashboard for monitoring the variation over the period. The smart kit provides more accurate and reliable recommendations to assist patients in controlling their chronic disease and assists in remote monitoring of a patient's health conditions.
Rede de atenção à saúde na perspectiva de usuários com diabetes
Authors: Carmo Karyne da Silva do , Medeiros Marcelo , Almeida Onislene Alves Evangelista de , Rehem Tania Cristina Morais Santa Barbara , Zanchetta Margareth dos Santos , Santos Walterlânia Silva
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: Compreender as perspectivas de usuários do SUS com Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) sobre seu atendimento na Rede de Atenção à Saúde (RAS). Método: Trata-se de estudo qualitativo de caráter descritivo, desenvolvido por meio de entrevistas gravadas digitalmente, individual, posteriormente transcritas e aplicada a técnica de análise de conteúdo, modalidade temática. Resultados: Entrevistou-se 12 pessoas com DM2, predominando mulheres, de ensino fundamental completo, com média de tempo do referido diagnóstico de seis anos. Essas características reforçaram o uso de diferentes pontos da RAS. Emergiram quatro categorias: Fragilidade da UBS como porta de entrada à RAS, (Des) acolhimento nos diferentes pontos da RAS, Educação em Saúde e Serviços de saúde em RAS, que sumarizaram as percepções desses usuários sobre seu percurso assistencial dentro da RAS, e destacaram dificuldades na comunicação entre os pontos de atenção, na gestão de recursos materiais e humanos. Considerações finais: Conclui-se a importância do monitoramento e avaliação das RAS com vistas à qualificação dos processos de trabalho e fortalecimento dos serviços a partir da reflexão crítica das ações, tendo o usuário como protagonista do sistema, além da possibilidade de sensibilizar gestores e profissionais de saúde sobre as articulações dos serviços na composição das RAS.
O acesso universal aos serviços de saúde como construção psicossocial dos usuários
Authors: De Oliveira Denize Cristina , Gomes Antonio Marcos Tosoli , Spindola Thelma , Cecilio Hellen Pollyanna Mantelo , Paschoal Eduardo Pereira , Domingues Juliana Pereira
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: Analisar o acesso universal à saúde a partir das representações sociais dos usuários acerca do Sistema Único de Saúde, no município do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Método: Estudo com abordagem quanti-qualitativa, pautado na Teoria das Representações Sociais, em sua abordagem processual. A coleta de dados foi realizada em 2010, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada. Os dados foram analisados com auxílio do software Alceste 4.7. Resultados: Participaram 104 usuários do sistema de saúde, sendo a maioria mulheres, renda de até um salário mínimo e residentes no município do Rio de Janeiro. Foram evidenciados na análise lexical, dois conjuntos textuais: “O processo de avaliação do sistema de saúde: a experiência dos usuários” e “O sistema de Saúde: estrutura e finalidade”. Conclusão:Os usuários dos serviços de saúde vêm acumulando a experiência de um sistema em permanente construção que carece, em algumas situações, de insumos e ações essenciais, rotineiras e básicas, mas que efetiva a universalidade perpassando classes sociais e distintos níveis de complexidades de assistência.
Segurança do paciente na formação dos profissionais de saúde
Authors: Garzin Ana Claudia Alcântara , Melleiro Marta Maria
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: Compreender a percepção de discentes de graduação de uma instituição de ensino superior acerca do ensino da temática segurança do paciente. Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, desenvolvida entre agosto e outubro de 2016, com discentes de graduação dos cursos de Enfermagem, Medicina, Fisioterapia, Farmácia, Nutrição, Terapia ocupacional e Biomedicina, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada. Resultados: Participaram 21 discentes e a partir da análise de conteúdo foram elencadas sete categorias temáticas: Inserção da temática segurança do paciente durante a formação acadêmica; Falibilidade humana e o aprendizado acerca dos riscos e erros assistenciais; Atuação da equipe de saúde e a inclusão do paciente como parceiro nas tomadas de decisão; Sistemas organizacionais e sua interface com a qualidade assistencial; Protocolos como ferramentas para segurança do paciente; Segurança e qualidade como elementos fundamentais na cadeia medicamentosa; Abordando a temática segurança do paciente: estratégias e metodologias de ensino. Considerações finais: Os discentes percebem o ensino sobre a segurança do paciente, todavia, foi constatada a necessidade da abordagem formal e equitativa de conteúdo acerca do tema no decorrer da formação, por meio de estratégias interdisciplinares, bem como a pertinência de sensibilizar os docentes para integrar essa temática nas unidades curriculares.
Perfil medicamentoso de pessoas com hipertensão arterial
Authors: Rêgo Anderson da Silva , Soares Ana Caroline , Silva Poliana Ávila , Fernandes Carlos Alexandre Molena , Baldissera Vanessa Denardi Antoniassi , Radovanovic Cremilde Aparecida Trindade
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: caracterizar o perfil medicamentoso de pessoas com hipertensão arterial acompanhadas pela Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF). Método: estudo transversal realizado com 417 pessoas, no município de Maringá, localizado no noroeste do estado do Paraná, Brasil. A coleta de dados foi realizada no primeiro semestre de 2016. Foi utilizado um instrumento para avaliar a satisfação de usuários com hipertensão arterial com os serviços prestados pela Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS). Neste estudo, foram usadas somente as questões referentes ao perfil sociodemográfico e medicamentoso. Na análise dos dados, aplicou-se estatística descritiva. Resultado: houve prevalência de idosos (62,3%), grande parte do sexo feminino (67,9%), com até o ensino fundamental completo (78,4%), da raça/cor branca (62,3%), aposentados/pensionistas (55,2%), predomínio de indivíduos com companheiro (58,3%) e classificados economicamente em extrato C (43,9%). Em relação aos medicamentos, 34,8% foram classificados em polifarmácia e 58,8% receberam a medicação pelo sistema público de saúde. Os remédios mais utilizados foram os do grupo do sistema cardiovascular, nervoso, digestivo e metabólico. Conclusão: através deste estudo, foi possível conhecer o perfil medicamentoso de pacientes com hipertensão, o que contribui para o acompanhamento adequado de pacientes da rede básica de assistência à saúde.
Rede de apoio para o aleitamento materno na prematuridade tardia
Authors: Tronco Caroline Sissy , Bonilha Ana Lucia de Lourenzi , Teles Jessica Machado
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: Analisar a rede de apoio das mães de prematuros tardios para o aleitamento materno. Método: Estudo exploratório-descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa, apoiada no referencial teórico metodológico de Rede de Apoio. As informantes foram 15 mães e as entrevistas, realizadas no hospital e no 15º dia de vida da criança. Os dados foram coletados entre novembro de 2016 e fevereiro de 2017. Analisaram-se os mapas da rede de apoio e o tipo de apoio recebido pelas mães. Resultados: As redes de apoio eram pequenas e frágeis, o apoio recebido centrou-se nos afazeres domésticos e cuidados com o recém-nascido, excetuando-se o apoio ao aleitamento materno.O suporte profissional ao aleitamento materno foi identificado como frágil. Considerações finais: É necessária a inserção da rede de apoio das mulheres no seu atendimento e acompanhamento domiciliar paraque estas obtenham o auxílio de que necessitam para a promoção do aleitamento materno.
Perfil de crianças com necessidades especiais de saúde e seus cuidadores em um hospital de ensino
Authors: Passos dos Santos Raissa , Gais Severo Valéria Regina , Kegler Jaquiele Jaciara , Bigolin Jantsch Leonardo , Cordeiro Débora , Tatsch Neves Eliane
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: caracterizar as crianças com necessidades especiais de saúde, internadas em unidade pediátrica de um hospital de ensino, em relação às suas condições clínicas, demandas de cuidados e situação sociodemográfica. Ainda, caracterizar os familiares cuidadores das crianças quanto a sua idade e grau de parentesco. Método: estudo descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado com 25 crianças com necessidades especiais de saúde, internadas na Unidade de Internação Pediátrica de um hospital de ensino. Os dados foram coletados por meio de formulário e analisados por meio da estatística descritiva. Resultados: das crianças internadas no período, 44% apresentaram necessidades especiais de saúde. Com relação às demandas de cuidados, todas possuem cuidados habituais modificados, 36% utilizam algum tipo de tecnologia, 40% possuem demanda de desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor, 92% fazem acompanhamento com algum serviço de saúde e 80% fazem uso contínuo de medicação. Conclusão: Este estudo oferece dados que podem ser utilizados como suporte para a elaboração de estratégias que reorientem a prática assistencial de enfermagem.
Fatores relacionados à adesão ao tratamento farmacológico por idosos na Atenção Primária à Saúde
Authors: Christinelli Heloá Costa Borim , Gonçalves Claudinei Borsato , Costa Maria Antonia Ramos , Spigolon Dandara Novakowski , Teston Élen Ferraz , Stevanato Kely Paviani , Fernandes Carlos Alexandre Molena
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: identificar os fatores relacionados à adesão ao tratamento farmacológico por idosos na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Método: Estudo descritivo desenvolvido junto a uma equipe da Estratégia Saúde da Família, em um município do noroeste do Paraná. Os dados foram coletados nos meses de junho e julho de 2018, por meio de questionário aplicado no momento da visita domiciliar. Posteriormente, os dados foram registrados, organizados em planilhas e submetidos à estatística descritiva. Resultados: Dentre os 118 idosos participantes, 61,1% eram do sexo feminino, 78,8% tinham entre 60 e 69 anos, 59,3% possuíam até oito anos de estudo, 12,2% apresentavam alguma deficiência física, 9,7% necessitavam de auxílio para utilizar medicamentos, 60,1% faziam uso da medicação conforme prescrição médica, 12,1% já fez uso de medicamento trocado, 39,8%, utilizavam de 1 a 3 medicamentos prescritos pelo médico, 50% relataram automedicação, 84,7% relataram conhecimento da indicação de todos os medicamentos, 5,1% indicaram que a maior dificuldade para aderir ao tratamento é o medicamento não ser fornecido gratuitamente. Conclusão: Diante dos fatores destacados pelos participantes como influentes na adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso, torna-se necessário que profissionais e gestores estabeleçam conjuntamente estratégias para facilitar o acesso aos medicamentos necessários para os idosos.