bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparing the long-term outcomes in chronic coronary syndrome patients with prior ST-segment and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: findings from the TIGRIS registry
Authors: Krishnamurthy Sibi N , Pocock Stuart , Kaul Prashant , Owen Ruth , Goodman Shaun G , Granger Christopher B , Nicolau Jose Carlos , Simon Tabassome , Westermann Dirk , Yasuda Satoshi , Andersson Karolina , Brandrup-Wognsen Gunnar , Hunt Phillip R , Brieger David B , Cohen Mauricio G
Published: December 2023

Objectives

Compared with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients, non-STEMI (NSTEMI) patients have more comorbidities and extensive coronary artery disease. Contemporary comparative data on the long-term prognosis of stable post-myocardial infarction subtypes are needed.

Design

Long-Term rIsk, clinical manaGement and healthcare Resource utilisation of stable coronary artery dISease (TIGRIS) was a multinational, observational and longitudinal cohort study.

Setting

Patients were enrolled from 350 centres, with >95% coming from cardiology practices across 24 countries, from 19 June 2013 to 31 March 2017.

Participants

This study enrolled 8277 stable patients 1–3 years after myocardial infarction with ≥1 additional risk factor.

Outcome measures

Over a 2 year follow-up, cardiovascular events and deaths and self-reported health using the EuroQol 5-dimension questionnaire score were recorded. Relative risk of clinical events and health resource utilisation in STEMI and NSTEMI patients were compared using multivariable Poisson regression models, adjusting for prognostically relevant patient factors.

Results

Of 7752 patients with known myocardial infarction type, 46% had NSTEMI; NSTEMI patients were older with more comorbidities than STEMI patients. NSTEMI patients had significantly poorer self-reported health and lower prevalence of dual antiplatelet therapy at hospital discharge and at enrolment 1–3 years later. NSTEMI patients had a higher incidence of combined myocardial infarction, stroke and cardiovascular death (5.6% vs 3.9%, p<0.001) and higher all-cause mortality (4.2% vs 2.6%, p<0.001) compared with STEMI patients. Risks were attenuated after adjusting for other patient characteristics. Health resource utilisation was higher in NSTEMI patients, although STEMI patients had more cardiologist visits.

Conclusions

Post-NSTEMI chronic coronary syndrome patients had a less favourable risk factor profile, poorer self-reported health and more adverse cardiovascular events during long-term follow-up than individuals post STEMI. Efforts are needed to recognise the risks of stable patients after NSTEMI and optimise secondary prevention and care.

Trial registration number

NCT01866904.
What are the determinants of variation in caretaker satisfaction with sick child consultations? A cross-sectional analysis in five low-income and middle-income countries
Authors: Turcotte-Tremblay Anne-Marie , Lee Hwa-Young , Kruk Margaret E
Published: December 2023

Objectives

The objective of this study was to explore determinants of variation in overall caretaker satisfaction with curative care for sick children under the age of 5 in five low-income and middle-income countries.

Design

A pooled cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from the Service Provision Assessment.

Setting

We used data collected in five countries (Afghanistan, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Haiti, Malawi and Tanzania) between 2013 and 2018.

Participants

Respondents were 13 149 caretakers of children under the age of 5 who consulted for a sick child visit.

Primary outcomes measured

The outcome variable was whether the child’s caretaker was very satisfied versus more or less satisfied or not satisfied overall. Predictors pertained to child and caretaker characteristics, health system foundations and process of care (eg, care competence, user experience). Two-level logistic regression models were used to assess the extent to which these categories of variables explained variation in satisfaction. The main analyses used pooled data; country-level analyses were also performed.

Results

Process of care, including user experience, explained the largest proportion of variance in caretaker satisfaction (13.8%), compared with child and caretaker characteristics (0.9%) and health system foundations (3.8%). The odds of being very satisfied were lower for caretakers who were not given adequate explanation (OR: 0.56, 95% CI 0.46 to 0.67), who had a problem with medication availability (OR: 0.31, 95% CI 0.27 to 0.35) or who encountered a problem with the cost of services (OR: 0.57, 95% CI 0.48 to 0.66). The final model explained only 21.8% of the total variance. Country-level analyses showed differences in variance explained and in associations with predictors.

Conclusions

Better process of care, especially user experience, should be prioritised for its benefit regarding caretaker satisfaction. Unmeasured factors explained the majority of variation in caretaker satisfaction and should be explored in future studies.
Adverse COVID-19 outcomes in American Veterans with age-related macular degeneration: a case–control study
Authors: Armbrust Karen R , Westanmo Anders , Gravely Amy , Chew Emily Y , van Kuijk Frederik J
Published: December 2023

Objectives

Prior studies suggest that patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) have poorer COVID-19 outcomes. This study aims to evaluate whether AMD is associated with adverse COVID-19 outcomes in a large clinical database.

Design

Case–control study.

Setting

We obtained demographic and clinical data from a national US Veterans Affairs (VA) database for all Veterans aged 50 years or older with positive COVID-19 testing prior to 2 May 2021.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

The primary outcome measure was hospitalisation. Secondary outcome measures were intensive care unit admission, mechanical ventilation and death. Potential associations between AMD and outcome measures occurring within 60 days of COVID-19 diagnosis were evaluated using multiple logistic regression analyses.

Results

Of the 171 325 patients in the study cohort, 7913 (5%) had AMD and 2152 (1%) had severe AMD, defined as advanced atrophic or exudative AMD disease coding. Multiple logistic regression adjusting for age, Charlson Comorbidity Index, sex, race, ethnicity and COVID-19 timing showed that an AMD diagnosis did not significantly increase the odds of hospitalisation (p=0.11). Using a Bonferroni-adjusted significance level of 0.006, AMD and severe AMD also were not significant predictors for the secondary outcomes, except for AMD being modestly protective for death (p=0.002).

Conclusions

After adjusting for other variables, neither AMD nor severe AMD was a risk factor for adverse COVID-19 outcomes in the VA healthcare system. These findings indicate that an AMD diagnosis alone should not alter recommended ophthalmic management based on COVID-19 adverse outcome risk.
Influence of perioperative step volume on complication rate and length of hospital stay after colorectal cancer surgery (IPOS trial): study protocol for a randomised controlled single-centre trial at a German university hospital
Authors: Anthuber Lena , Sommer Florian , Wolf Sebastian , Vlasenko Dmytro , Hoffmann Michael , Arndt Tim Tobias , Schiele Stefan , Anthuber Matthias , Schrempf Matthias Christian
Published: December 2023

Background

Perioperative mobilisation and physical activity are critical components of postoperative rehabilitation. Physical inactivity is a significant risk factor for complications and prolonged hospitalisation. However, specific recommendations for preoperative and postoperative physical activity levels are currently lacking. Evidence suggests that daily step count before and after surgery may impact the length of hospital stay and complication rate.

The goal of this study is to determine the effectiveness of perioperative step volume recommendations, measured by pedometers, in reducing the length of hospital stay and complication rate for patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery.

Methods

This study is a single-centre randomised controlled trial with two arms, allocated at a 1:1 ratio. The trial includes individuals undergoing colorectal surgery for either suspected or confirmed colorectal malignancy. A total of 222 patients will be randomly assigned to either an intervention or a control group. Step counts will be measured using a pedometer. Patients assigned to the intervention group will be given a predetermined preoperative and postoperative step count goal. The analysis will be conducted on preoperative and postoperative physical activity, quality of life, health, duration of hospitalisation, complication rate and bowel function, among other factors.

Ethics and dissemination

The trial was approved by the ethics committee of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Germany (reference number: 22-0758, protocol version 2022.02). Results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and shared at academic conferences. After the publication of the results, a fully anonymised data set and the statistical code can be made available on justified scientific request and after ethical approval has been granted.

Trial registration number

DRKS00030017.
Impact of different surgical and non-surgical interventions on health-related quality of life after thoracolumbar burst fractures without neurological deficit: protocol for a comprehensive systematic review with network meta-analysis
Authors: Lanter Lea , Rutsch Niklas , Kreuzer Sebastian , Albers Christoph Emanuel , Obid Peter , Henssler Jonathan , Torbahn Gabriel , Müller Martin , Bigdon Sebastian Frederick
Published: December 2023

Introduction

There is no international consensus on how to treat thoracolumbar burst fractures (TLBFs) without neurological deficits. The planned systematic review with network meta-analyses (NMA) aims to compare the effects on treatment outcomes, focusing on midterm health-related quality of life (HRQoL).

Methods and analysis

We will conduct a comprehensive and systematic literature search, identifying studies comparing two or more treatment modalities. We will search MEDLINE, EMBASE, Google Scholar, Scopus and Web of Science from January 2000 until July 2023 for publications. We will include (randomised and non-randomised) controlled clinical trials assessing surgical and non-surgical treatment methods for adults with TLBF. Screening of references, data extraction and risk of bias (RoB) assessment will be done independently by two reviewers. We will extract relevant studies, participants and intervention characteristics. The RoB will be assessed using the revised Cochrane RoB V.2.0 tool for randomised trials and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for controlled trials. The OR for dichotomous data and standardised mean differences for continuous data will be presented with their respective 95% CIs. We will conduct a random-effects NMA to assess the treatments and determine the superiority of the therapeutic approaches. Our primary outcomes will be midterm (6 months to 2 years after injury) overall HRQoL and pain. Secondary outcomes will include radiological or clinical findings. We will present network graphs, forest plots and relative rankings on plotted rankograms corresponding to the treatment rank probabilities. The ranking results will be represented by the area under the cumulative ranking curve. Analyses will be performed in Stata V.16.1 and R. The quality of the evidence will be evaluated according to the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations framework.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethical approval is not required. The research will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.
Ultrasound-guided subclavian vein catheterisation with a needle guide (ELUSIVE): protocol for a randomised controlled study
Authors: Naddi Leila , Borgquist Ola , Adrian Maria , Bark Björn P , Kander Thomas
Published: December 2023

Introduction

Central venous catheters are indispensable in modern healthcare. Unfortunately, they are accompanied by minor as well as major complications, leading to increased morbidity, mortality and costs. Immediate insertion-related complications (mechanical complications) have decreased due to the implementation of real-time ultrasound guidance, but they still occur and additional efforts to enhance patient safety are warranted. This study aims to investigate whether the use of a needle guide mounted on the ultrasound probe in subclavian catheterisations may decrease the number of catheterisations with >1 skin puncture (primary outcome).

Methods and analysis

This is an investigator-initiated, non-commercial, randomised, controlled, parallel-group study conducted at Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden. Adults (≥18 years) with a clinical indication for a subclavian central venous catheter and the ability to give written informed consent will be eligible for inclusion. Exclusion criteria include subclavian catheterisation deemed unsuitable based on the preprocedural ultrasound examination. Patients will be randomised to catheterisation by certified operators using a microconvex probe (long-axis, in-plane technique) with (n=150) or without (n=150) a needle guide. The ultrasound imaging from the procedures will be recorded and assessed by two reviewers individually. The assessors will be blinded for group affiliation. Secondary outcomes include the total number of skin punctures, mechanical complications, time to successful venous puncture, number of failed catheterisations and operator satisfaction with the needle guide at the end of the study period.

Recruitment started on 8 November 2022 and will continue until the sample size is achieved.

Ethics and dissemination

This study was approved by the Swedish Ethical Review Authority (#2022-04073-01) and the Swedish Medical Products Agency (#5.1-2022-52130; CIV-21-12-038367). The findings will be submitted to an international peer-reviewed journal.

Trial registration number

NCT05513378, clinicaltrials.gov.
Stratifying quality of life outcome in subthalamic stimulation for Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Gronostay Alexandra , Jost Stefanie Theresa , Silverdale Monty , Rizos Alexandra , Loehrer Philipp Alexander , Evans Julian , Sauerbier Anna , Indi Donya , Leta Valentina , Reker Paul , Fink Gereon Rudolf , Ashkan Keyoumars , Antonini Angelo , Nimsky Christopher , Visser-Vandewalle Veerle , Martinez-Martin Pablo , Ray Chaudhuri K , Timmermann Lars , Dafsari Haidar S
Published: December 2023

Background

Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) for Parkinson’s disease (PD) improves quality of life (QoL), motor and non-motor symptoms (NMS). However, in previous studies, 43%–49% of patients did not experience clinically relevant postoperative QoL improvement. To inform individualised prediction of postoperative QoL improvement, we developed a stratification analysis of QoL outcomes based on preoperative non-motor total burden, severity of motor progression and motor response in levodopa challenge tests.

Methods

This was a prospective, open-label, multicentre, international study with a 6-month follow-up. A distribution-based threshold identified ‘QoL responders’ in the PDQuestionnaire-8 Summary Index (PDQ-8 SI). After baseline stratification based on the NMS Scale, Hoehn and Yahr Scale and levodopa response assessed with the Unified PD Rating Scale-III, we compared postoperative QoL response between these strata. To assess the clinical usefulness and statistical feasibility of stratifications, we compared cumulative distribution function curves, respectively PDQ-8 within-stratum variation.

Results

All main outcomes improved postoperatively. Based on the 8.1 points threshold for clinically meaningful PDQ-8 SI improvement, only 80/161 patients were classified as ‘QoL responders’. The absolute risk reductions for QoL non-response among respective non-motor, motor progression and levodopa response strata were 23%, 8% and 3%, respectively. Only non-motor stratification reduced PDQ-8 within-stratum variation compared with the overall cohort.

Conclusions

Non-motor stratification, but not motor progression or levodopa response stratification, is clinically useful and statistically feasible for personalised preoperative prediction of postoperative QoL outcome of STN-DBS for PD. Our findings highlight that non-motor assessments are necessary components of a case-based, holistic approach of DBS indication evaluations geared towards optimising postoperative QoL outcomes.

Trial registration number

GermanClinicalTrialsRegister: #6735.
Holistic care needs in an inpatient oncology unit: patients versus professionals
Authors: Cosgrove Dearbhla , Connolly Maya , Monnery Daniel
Published: December 2023

Objective

Macmillan Cancer Support advocates that a Holistic Needs Assessment (HNA) is carried out at diagnosis and re-evaluated at significant key milestones throughout the patient journey. This now includes acute admission. However, evidence describing the use of HNAs and prevalence of unmet holistic needs in the acute oncology setting is lacking. This project aims to identify the prevalence of unmet holistic needs of patients in an acute oncology setting, and discern the differences in perception of needs between patients and healthcare professionals (HCPs).

Methods

Patient and HCP surveys were conducted at 2 time points over a 10-month period. Surveys were co-designed with patient representatives based on the Macmillan Cancer Support ‘concerns checklist’ and used a 5-point Likert scale, rating the importance of each domain to the patient and HCP and the degree to which they felt the clinical team were aware of their needs.

Results

In areas where there was good concordance between patient and HCPs ratings of prevalence, patients still perceived that HCPs were mostly unaware of these needs. Furthermore, HCPs overvalued the importance of advanced care planning and cardiopulmonary resuscitation discussions for patients.

Conclusions

There are discrepancies between patient and HCP perceptions of unmet holistic needs in the acute oncology setting.
Sulphide petrology and ore genesis of the stratabound Sheep Creek sediment-hosted Zn–Pb–Ag–Sn prospect, and U–Pb zircon constraints on the timing of magmatism in the northern Alaska Range
Authors: Dusel-Bacon Cynthia , Aleinikoff John N. , Paradis Suzanne , Slack John F.
Published: December 2023

The Sheep Creek prospect is a stratabound Zn–Pb–Ag–Sn massive sulfide occurrence in the Bonnifield mining district, northern Alaska Range. The prospect is within a quartz–sericite–graphite–chlorite schist unit associated with Devonian carbonaceous and siliceous metasedimentary rocks. Volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposits in the district are hosted in felsic metavolcanic rocks (362 ± 2 Ma) associated with siliciclastic and carbonaceous sedimentary rocks that overlie the stratigraphic sequence hosting the Sheep Creek prospect. Felsic metaigneous rocks in underlying units are 372 ± 4 to 366 ± 4 Ma. Sheep Creek is atypical of the other sulfide deposits in the district in (1) having Sn grades up to 1.2%; (2) being contained in fine-grained, quartz-rich rocks and quartz–pebble conglomerate that likely originated as chert and chert-clast sediment, respectively; and (3) showing minimal evidence of volcanic components in the host rocks. Comparison of immobile trace-element proportions for graphitic and siliceous rocks from the Sheep Creek area with those for argillite associated with the Bonnifield VMS deposits indicates a continental volcanic-arc provenance for the former and a within-plate and passive margin provenance for the latter. In contrast to previously published interpretations, our data analysis supports a clastic-dominated (CD) rather than a VMS affinity for the Sheep Creek prospect. In our model, Zn–Pb–Ag–Sn mineralization formed by syngenetic or early diagenetic processes on or beneath the seafloor, possibly in the shallow-water environment of an outer continental shelf setting. Potential analogues are the Paleozoic CD deposits in the Canadian Selwyn Basin outboard of the Laurentian continental margin.
An Indigenous ethical model for drone operations in Canada
Authors: Taylor Jacob
Published: December 2023

Drones will revolutionize various aspects of Canadian society. Medical cargo drones are transporting crucial supplies and biological samples, such as blood plasma and organs. This article explores Indigenous ethical dimensions of integrating drones in Canadian contexts, represented by the acronym DRONE that embodies the following key principles: D: Decolonize—This principle advocates for methodologies that aim to rectify historical injustices and align research with Indigenous customs and storytelling. R: Respect, Reciprocity, Relationship, and Relevance—These principles emphasize equity, mutual respect, and relationship-based collaboration in drone technology. O: Ownership, Control, Access, and Possession—OCAP® recognizes Indigenous self-determination in research and development projects, focusing on data ownership and control. N: Natural Law—This principle underscores the importance of respecting the environment and harmonious relations between Indigenous communities and the natural world in drone projects. E: Economic Development—Acknowledging the significance of Indigenous economies and addressing historical financial barriers, the drone industry can contribute to economic prosperity in Indigenous communities. These principles are an ethical imperative to fostering trust in Indigenous communities. Partnerships guided by the DRONE framework facilitate culturally sensitive, ethically sound, and effective solutions, advancing inclusivity and responsible technological innovation.
Integrable scattering theory with higher derivative Hamiltonians
Authors: Fring Andreas , Turner Bethan
Published: December 2023

We discuss how a standard scattering theory a of multi-particle theory generalises to systems based on Hamiltonians that involve higher-order derivatives in their quantum mechanical formulation. As concrete examples, we consider Hamiltonian systems built from higher-order charges of Calogero and Calogero-Moser systems. Exploiting the integrability of these systems, we compute the classical phase shifts and briefly comment on the quantum versions of these types of theories.
Overtaking interactions in a strongly coupled inhomogeneous dusty plasma: the role of polarization force
Authors: Abd-Elzaher M. , Atteya A.
Published: December 2023

The nonlinear propagation of dust-acoustic waves (DAWs) is considered in a collisionless, inhomogeneous, weakly and strongly coupled dusty plasma composed of negatively charged dust, electrons, and ions. The reductive perturbation method is used to derive a Korteweg–de Vries equation (KdV). It is found that the KdV solitons are affected by the plasma parameters, whereas only rarefactive DAWs are obtained. Hirota’s bilinear approach is used to investigate the overtaking collision of two and three-soliton solutions. Physical parameters such as polarization, and the ions and electrons density gradient scale lengths have a significant impact and cause alterations in the behaviour of the solitons. Notably, as the polarization and ion density gradient scale length increase, the amplitude and width of the solitons decrease. Furthermore, the system parameters also affect the phase shifts of the solitons. The findings presented here have potential applications in the study of acoustic waves in compact astrophysical systems, where quantum polarization and inhomogeneity effects cannot be ignored, as well as in laboratory plasmas.
THE EFFECTS OF INDIVIDUAL ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION AND SELF-EFFICACY DIMENSIONS ON PROJECT PERFORMANCE AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
Authors: SAFARI ARSALAN , PARAST MAHOUR , PETROVSKA ILIJANA , AL-KWIFI OSAMA S.
Published: December 2023

The literature on corporate entrepreneurship has discussed the role of entrepreneurship orientation (EO) and self-efficacy in enhancing venture creation and a firm’s growth. In contrast, the effect of EO and self-efficacy on project performance outcomes has been relatively overlooked. In this study, we examine how an individual’s entrepreneurship orientation (IEO), entrepreneurship self-efficacy (ESE), and entrepreneurship management skills (EMS) affect both entrepreneurship projects and non-entrepreneurship projects. Using a sample of 308 observations, our analyses reveal that while various dimensions of IEO, ESE, and EMS can significantly influence project performance, the effect is more pronounced for non-entrepreneurship projects. Furthermore, in all three ESE dimensions, we find that the effect on individual project performance is almost double the effect on team project performance. This implies that individuals consider their efforts and contributions to be more significant than the collective team efforts when completing a group project. This study contributes to the literature by providing a new perspective to assess the effect of each dimension of IEO, ESE, and EMS at both the individual level and the project level. For students, entrepreneurs, and policymakers, this study presents important insights into two areas: the influence of entrepreneurship education on an individual’s performance on individual projects and team projects; and how entrepreneurial characteristics can be nurtured to produce good entrepreneurs and project managers. This is especially significant for emerging countries, where entrepreneurship education plays a key role in supporting economic transition, promoting the private sector, and encouraging the establishment of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).
Federated Learning for Mobility Applications
Authors: Gecer Melike , Garbinato Benoit
Published: December 2023

The increasing concern for privacy and the use of machine learning on personal data has led researchers to introduce new approaches to machine learning.
Federated learning
is one such a novel privacy-preserving machine learning approach that “brings code to data,” unlike traditional machine learning approaches that “bring data to code.” In addition to improving privacy, federated learning is beneficial for latency-sensitive mobility applications by providing local models. To the best of our knowledge, this article is the first ever to survey mobility-related federated learning solutions, such as traffic-flow prediction, next-location prediction, and point-of-interest recommendation. Our categorization is based on three main questions:
Why use federated learning?
to identify the motivation to use federated learning;
What problems are being addressed?
to examine problems that surface with federated learning and how they are solved; and
How is federated learning implemented?
to account for the solutions implemented by the authors surveyed The selected papers are peer reviewed and published in journals and conferences; they all adopt federated learning as their core approach. We introduce our conceptual model to characterize federated learning solutions and to compare them. In our conceptual model, we define three abstract roles: data generator, learner, and aggregator. We also explain how the work in the selected papers fits into our conceptual model.
Preparation of Highly Luminescent Carbon Quantum Dots and Study of Bioimaging
Authors: Fu Qiaofang , Zhang Xintong , Wu Ying , Cao Kexin , Yu Haiqun
Published: December 2023

Using ammonium citrate as the carbon source and urea, ammonia and ethylenediamine as the nitrogen sources, CQDs with different nitrogen sources were prepared by hydrothermal method, and the preparation conditions were optimized to obtain CQDs with the best fluorescence performance for three different nitrogen sources.The fluorescence colors of the three CQDs were not significantly different, all of them were blue, indicating that different nitrogen sources did not have significant differences on the fluorescence color, but had some effects on the fluorescence intensity, and the yields of 1-CQDs, 2-CQDs and 3-CQDs were 0.22, 0.29 and 0.529, respectively.The UV, natural light, pH and ionic stability of CQDs with different nitrogen sources were investigated, and the results showed that 3-CQDs have UV, natural light and ionic stability, and all three CQDs have pH instability.The MTT method shows that 3-CQDs have lower cytotoxicity than the other two CQDs, and the bioimaging experiments show that 3-CQDs bind to yeast in greater numbers and have stronger fluorescence intensity, which proves that they are more suitable for bioimaging, laying a theoretical foundation for the bioimaging of CQDs at a later stage.
Spectroscopic and Judd-Ofelt Analysis of Nd3+ Ion Doped Lithium Antimony-Borate Glasses for Visible and Near Infrared Laser Application Compared to Standard Emission at 1.06 μm
Authors: Iezid M. , Abidi A. , Goumeidane F. , Poulain M. , Legouera M. , Prasad P. Syam , Rao P. Venkateswara
Published: December 2023

The present work focuses on the spectroscopic luminescence analysis of trivalent neodymium-doped lithium antimony-borate glasses, with the glass composition 70 Sb2O3—(25-x) B2O3–5 Li2O—x Nd2O3 where x = 0.3; 0.5; 0.7 mol% (SBLN). Around 475 nm excitation used by the transition 4I9/2 → 2G9/2 + 2D3/2 + 2K15/2 and that induced emission lines of wavelengths λ
emis = 584;673;767;826 nm (red is low intensity). The specific emission follows the transitions 2G7/2 + 4G5/2 → 4IJ (J = 9/2; 11/2; 13/2; 15/2). Previous work on Nd3+ doped glasses studied near-infrared emission in 4F3/2 → 4IJ mode (J = 9/2; 11/2; 13/2) via near-infrared excitation 4I9/2 → 4F5/ 2+2H9/2. The Judd-Ofelt analysis applied to SBLN glasses showed that the ΩK parameters are consistent with the values in the literature. SBLN7 glass has the best spectroscopic factor Ω4/Ω6 = 0.974; while the best luminescence branching ratio is that of the green emission and it stands at an average β = 70%. Similarly, green emission has the best values of stimulated emission cross section and gain bandwidth. Calculated and measured lifetimes are ranged between 15 and 40 microseconds; however, quantum efficiency varies between 50 and 91%. In another side calculated and measured refractive index values are very close. The chromatic coordinates of observed green color showed accurately that lies in the yellowish-green region of the chromaticity diagram edited by CIE 1931. The calculation of its temperature was made by Mc Macy’s equation, and it is in the limits of 5100 K; which corresponds to a cool color similar to midday sunlight.
Alterations in descending brain-spinal pathways regulating colorectal motility in a rat model of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Sawamura Tomoya , Yuki Natsufu , Aoki Kanae , Horii Kazuhiro , Horii Yuuki , Naitou Kiyotada , Tsukamoto Shumpei , Shiina Takahiko , Shimizu Yasutake
Published: December 2023

In a rat model of Parkinson’s disease, the component of descending brain-spinal pathways that regulate colorectal motility through a mediation of the lumbosacral defecation center was altered from stimulatory serotonergic neurons to inhibitory GABAergic neurons. Our findings suggest that chronic constipation in Parkinson’s disease patients may be associated with alterations in central regulatory mechanisms of colorectal motility. The plasticity in the descending pathway regulating colorectal motility may contribute to other disease-related defecation abnormalities.
Adiponectin affects ileal contractility of mouse preparations
Authors: Idrizaj Eglantina , Nistri Silvia , Nardini Patrizia , Baccari Maria Caterina
Published: December 2023

This study provides the first evidence that adiponectin (ADPN) is able to act on ileal preparations. Functional results demonstrate that the hormone, other than causing a slight decay of the basal tension, depresses the amplitude of both spontaneous contractility and neurally induced excitatory responses of the mouse ileum through the involvement of nitric oxide. The expression of the ADPN receptor AdipoR1 and its localization on glial cells was revealed by Western blot and immunofluorescence analysis.
Direct thrombin inhibitors fail to reverse the negative effects of heparin on lung growth and function after murine left pneumonectomy
Authors: Tsikis Savas T. , Hirsch Thomas I. , Klouda Timothy , Fligor Scott C. , Pan Amy , Joiner Malachi M. , Wang Sarah Z. , Quigley Mikayla , Devietro Angela , Mitchell Paul D. , Kishikawa Hiroko , Yuan Ke , Puder Mark
Published: December 2023

Infants with pulmonary hypoplasia frequently require cardiopulmonary bypass and systemic anticoagulation. We investigate the effects of simultaneous exposure to heparin and direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs) on lung growth and pulmonary function in a murine model of compensatory lung growth (CGL). Our data suggest that DTIs fail to reverse the inhibitory effects of subtherapeutic heparin on lung growth and function. Clinical studies on the impact of heparin with DTIs on clinical outcomes are thus warranted.
A Rock Mass Classification Method for Tuff Tunnel Based on the High-Pressure Gas Expansion Method
Authors: Peng Huaide , Li Danli , Sheng Jia , Dai Bing , Da Qi
Published: December 2023

A precise rock mass grade result is crucial for directing the tunnel excavation engineering design. A novel rock mass classification method for tuff tunnel based on the high-pressure gas expansion method (HPGEM) was proposed, which was primarily built on field test data previously acquired by the research team. The main achievements are as follows: combined with field data and the HPGEM rock-breaking theory, analyzing the rock uniaxial compressive strength, rock mass integrity index, and the relationship between the gas generator unit consumption and fitted the relevant equations. After that, the rock optimal uniaxial compressive strength (about 150 MPa) and the rock integrity factor (about 0.85) were obtained. With reference to the BQ rock mass classification method, a new rock mass classification method that applied to HPGEM was proposed. This study fills the gap of the appropriate rock mass classification method requested on HPGEM.
Clinically Recognized Depression and Mental Health Treatment in a Single Center Cohort of Patients with Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Savoie Marissa B. , Poeschla Alexandra , Lu Na , Zhang Yuqing , Bolster Marcy B. , Schoenfeld Sara , Castelino Flavia V.
Published: December 2023

Introduction. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of depression, depression treatment, and symptom burden in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) and examined their associations with the center for epidemiologic studies depression scale revised (CESD-R) scores. Methods. The Prospective Registry in Scleroderma at Massachusetts General Hospital (PRISM) is a longitudinal registry of patients with SSc. Among participants with CESD-R

score
≥
16

, indicating possible depression, a chart review was performed for mental health diagnoses and treatments. We examined the relation of demographic and clinical factors to the presence of mental health diagnoses or treatment using logistic regression. We evaluated the association of SSc symptoms and the COVID-19 pandemic with a CESD-R score using quantile regression. Results. Of 214 patients enrolled in PRISM, 129 participants (38% diffuse and 59% limited) completed at least one CESD-R questionnaire. In the first survey, 29% had possible depression (

CESD
−
R
≥
16

) and 16% had probable depression (

CESD
−
R
≥
23

). Of 20 participants with probable depression, 90% received treatment for a mood disorder. In a multivariable logistic regression model among participants with

CESD
−
R
≥
16

, none of the evaluated variables (CESD-R score, age, gender, employment status, race, and ethnicity) was associated with mental health diagnosis or treatment. Higher baseline dyspnea index, modified Rodnan skin score, and the University of California Los Angeles Scleroderma Clinical Trials Consortium Gastrointestinal total score and subscores were associated with higher CESD-R score. Conclusion. In this single-center cross-sectional study, 16% of participants had significant depressive symptoms. Dyspnea, extent of skin involvement, and gastrointestinal symptoms were associated with depression symptoms.
Mogamulizumab Multimodality Therapy with Systemic Retinoids, Interferon, or Extracorporeal Photopheresis for Advanced Cutaneous T‐Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Weiner David M. , Rastogi Supriya , Lewis Daniel J. , Cohen Leah , Choi Sara , Vittorio Carmela C. , Haun Paul L. , Samimi Sara S. , Villasenor-Park Jennifer , Bhansali Rahul S. , Chong Elise A. , Landsburg Daniel J. , Nasta Sunita D. , Schuster Stephen J. , Svoboda Jakub , Kim Ellen J. , Rook Alain H. , Barta Stefan K.
Published: December 2023

Mogamulizumab is a novel monoclonal antibody designed to target CC chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4), which is expressed by tumor cells in cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma (CTCL). In clinical trials, mogamulizumab monotherapy has demonstrated efficacy in reducing tumor burden in advanced CTCL, particularly in the peripheral blood. In clinical practice at our center, mogamulizumab has been combined with other agents such as systemic interferon, systemic retinoids, and extracorporeal photopheresis for an enhanced synergistic effect. There is limited published research on mogamulizumab combination therapy. This study evaluates the clinical efficacy of mogamulizumab in combination with systemic interferon, retinoids, and/or extracorporeal photopheresis for therapy of CTCL. Nineteen patients on this regimen at our academic center were identified. Treatment response rates, progression‐free survival, duration of response, and adverse effects were characterized by retrospective chart review. All patients on this regimen at our center had an initial partial or complete response. Moreover, responses were durable, and the regimen was well‐tolerated with few grade 3 adverse effects. These results demonstrate the utility of a multimodality approach to the therapy of CTCL with mogamulizumab and warrant further confirmation.
Supplementary Table 9 from Combination of Itacitinib or Parsaclisib with Pembrolizumab in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors: A Phase I Study
Authors: Munster Pamela , Iannotti Nicholas , Cho Daniel C. , Kirkwood John M. , Villaruz Liza C. , Gibney Geoffrey T. , Hodi F. Stephen , Mettu Niharika B. , Jones Mark , Bowman Jill , Smith Michael , Lakshminarayanan Mani , O'Day Steven
Published: December 2023

Supplementary Table 9. Summary of steady state parsaclisib pharmacokinetic parameters (cycle 2 day 1).
Supplementary Table 5 from Combination of Itacitinib or Parsaclisib with Pembrolizumab in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors: A Phase I Study
Authors: Munster Pamela , Iannotti Nicholas , Cho Daniel C. , Kirkwood John M. , Villaruz Liza C. , Gibney Geoffrey T. , Hodi F. Stephen , Mettu Niharika B. , Jones Mark , Bowman Jill , Smith Michael , Lakshminarayanan Mani , O'Day Steven
Published: December 2023

Summary of patient disposition (Part 2) (Full Analysis Set)
Supplementary Table 4 from Combination of Itacitinib or Parsaclisib with Pembrolizumab in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors: A Phase I Study
Authors: Munster Pamela , Iannotti Nicholas , Cho Daniel C. , Kirkwood John M. , Villaruz Liza C. , Gibney Geoffrey T. , Hodi F. Stephen , Mettu Niharika B. , Jones Mark , Bowman Jill , Smith Michael , Lakshminarayanan Mani , O'Day Steven
Published: December 2023

Summary of patient disposition (Part 1b Expansion Group B-1/B-2) (Full Analysis Set).
PATHOMORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE LIVER CAUSED BY HEPATITIS B, C, B+C VIRUSES IN THE DECEASED HIV-INFECTED PERSONS
Authors: Prokopovych M. V. , Hryzhak I. H. , Bahrii M. M. , Kostyuk V. M.
Published: December 2023

Pathohistological peculiarities of liver histological preparations of 75 HIV-infected deceased people with chronic viral hepatitis which diagnosed during their life: hepatitis B was in 8, C – in 24, B+C – in 43 patients. It was determined that in all patients (100.0 %), with any type of chronic hepatitis (B, C or B+C) there was a lymphocyte-macrophage infiltration of portal tracts and stroma. In persons with hepatitis B there were a focal and periportal necrosis of hepatocytes in 100.0 % of patients, hydropic dystrophy of hepatocytes - in 87.5 % and liver cirrhosis – in 25.0 %. In patients with hepatitis C a fatty dystrophy of the liver was found in 91.7 % that more often than in patients with hepatitis B (12.5 %, p<0.001), the focal periportal necrosis of hepatocytes was less (12.5 % vs. 100.0 %, respectively, p<0.001) and liver cirrhosis was in 41.7 %.

In patients with hepatitis B+C, the liver tissue included signs characteristic of both hepatitis B and C: a hydropic dystrophy (69.8 %), fatty dystrophy (30.2 %), periportal bridging necrosis (51.2 %), liver fibrosis (34.9 %). As a result of these complex pathological processes in the liver, a cirrhosis was found more often than in other groups of patients (67.4 % vs. 41.7 % of patients with hepatitis C, p=0.041, and vs. 25.0 % of patients with hepatitis B, p=0.024). Histology activity index of hepatitis and stage of liver fibrosis according to Knodell R.G. (1981) did not differ in frequency in all groups of patients. In all patients a strong negative correlation was found between them (r=-0.607, p<0.001). This finding reflects a decrease in the histological activity of hepatitis against the background of increased fibrotic changes in the body.

Conclusion. It has been found that the hydropic dystrophy and focal intralobular and periportal bridging necrosis of hepatocytes are characteristic of hepatitis B infection in HIV-infected deceased persons. Hepatitis C is characterized by the fatty dystrophy and cirrhosis of the liver. The presence of hepatitis B+C causes the liver changes characteristic of both hepatitis B and C simultaneously: the hydropic dystrophy, fatty dystrophy, necrosis of hepatocytes. The liver cirrhosis is most often present in patients with hepatitis B+C. The degree of liver fibrosis negatively correlated with the histology activity index of hepatitis.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ БЕШИХИ ОБЛИЧЧЯ НА ТЛІ ВТОРИННОГО ІМУНОДЕФІЦИТУ
Authors: Копча В. С.
Published: December 2023

Описано випадок первинної бешихи обличчя в імуноскомпрометованої особи. У представленому випадку діагноз бешихи обличчя був утруднений через нетиповість клінічних і лабораторно-інструментальних проявів, зумовлену, очевидно, вторинним імунодефіцитом:

початок хвороби без продрому не з проявів загальної інтоксикації, а безпосередньо із локального ураження шкіри, що випередило гарячку на 2 доби;

відсутність класичної еритеми у вигляді язиків полум’я і чітких меж ділянки запалення без периферійного валика;

бешиха обличчя набуває вигляду метелика: майже симетрична еритема вилиць, яка, однак, суттєво поступається набряку, що поширюється за межі еритеми і значніший у місцях з розвинутою підшкірною клітковиною (передусім повіки);

відсутність нейтрофільного лейкоцитозу із зрушення формули вліво;

ділянки гіпертермії на термограмі не яскраві, перепад температури не досягає значних цифр (ΔТ=0,8-1,1 °С проти 3-8 °С за відсутності імунодефіциту);

нормалізація термографічної картини суттєво відстає від клінічних ознак реконвалесценції, що вимагає подовження антибіотикотерапії та/або її доповнення чи зміни препарату.

Розпізнавання подібних випадків важливе для забезпечення швидкого та адекватного терапевтичного втручання.
СУЧАСНА СИСТЕМА САНІТАРНОЇ ОСВІТИ В УКРАЇНІ ЯК СКЛАДОВА ПРОГРАМ У СФЕРІ ГРОМАДСЬКОГО ЗДОРОВ’Я
Authors: Лінніков С. В. , Миронюк І. С.
Published: December 2023

Мета: визначити стан і місце санітарної освіти і промоції здоров’я серед населення та перспективи їх розвитку в системі громадського здоров’я України на сучасному етапі.

Матеріали і методи. У роботі використано бібліосемантичний метод та методи контент- та структурно-логічного аналізу. Матеріалами дослідження став світовий досвід розробки, реалізації інформаційно-комунікаційних кампаній у сфері громадського здоров’я, напрацьовані методологічні підходи до організації і впровадження санітарної освіти та промоції здоров’я.

Результати. Проаналізовано історичний аспект становлення санітарної освіти як важливого і самостійного напряму роботи системи громадського здоров’я. Критично осмислено сучасні підходи до визначення детермінант здоров’я як базису формування підходів до змістовного наповнення санітарної освіти. Окреслено сучасне бачення дефініцій обізнаності з питань здоров’я та проаналізовано структурно-функціональне наповнення сучасних моделей освіти з питань здоров’я. Визначено стан санітарної освіти в Україні, її проблемні моменти й окреслено напрями можливого розвитку.

Висновки. Потенціал санітарної освіти як інструменту соціальних змін політичної діяльності в сучасній охороні здоровʼя було дещо забуто. Сьогоднішнє розуміння санітарної освіти було обмежене міжособистим спілкуванням та медіа-кампаніями, спрямованими на індивідуальні здоровʼязберігаючі практики і дії та використання профілактичних медичних послуг. Якщо досягнення санітарної освіти, як визначено Всесвітньою організацією охорони здоровʼя, є ціллю, то потрібно провести певну переоцінку важливості санітарної освіти, а також значного розширення змісту і методів, які використовуються.
РОЗБУДОВА СПРОМОЖНОСТЕЙ ІЗ ПІДГОТОВКИ МАГІСТРІВ ГРОМАДСЬКОГО ЗДОРОВ’Я В ТЕРНОПІЛЬСЬКОМУ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОМУ МЕДИЧНОМУ УНІВЕРСИТЕТІ ІМЕНІ І. Я. ГОРБАЧЕВСЬКОГО МОЗ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Сатурська Г. С. , Ульрікс Т. , Лаксі М. , Шульгай А. Г. , Фельдманн Г. , Петрашик Ю. М.
Published: December 2023

Мета: дослідити історію зусиль та заходів із розвитку спроможностей із підготовки магістрів громадського здоров’я в Тернопільському національному медичному університеті імені І. Я. Горбачевського МОЗ України.

Матеріали і методи. Методологічною основою дослідження є аналіз наукових публікацій і даних архівних матеріалів із застосуванням історико-бібліографічного методу.

Результати. У Тернопільському національному медичному університеті імені І. Я. Горбачевського МОЗ України було успішно розвинуто спроможності з підготовки магістрів громадського здоров’я. Історія розвитку магістерської програми «Громадське здоров’я» свідчить про спрямованість на постійну еволюцію та адаптацію до змін суспільних потреб. Створена відповідно до вимог часу, магістерська програма відзначилася значущими досягненнями у підготовці кваліфікованих фахівців галузі громадського здоровʼя. Магістерську програму «Громадське здоров’я» у ТНМУ запроваджено у 2019 р., і з того часу успішно пройдено акредитацію (2020), здійснено 3 випуски фахівців та проведено 5 наборів на навчання здобувачів вищої освіти, кількість яких демонструє позитивну динаміку (2019 р. – 11 здобувачів, 2020 р. – 6, 2021 р. – 6, 2022 р. – 41, 2023 р. – 31). З 2019 по 2023 р. захищено 23 магістерські роботи.

Висновки. Тернопільський національний медичний університет імені І. Я. Горбачевського МОЗ України безперервно працює над розвитком спроможностей із підготовки магістрів громадського здоров’я. Сьогодні програма підготовки магістрів громадського здоров’я є важливим складником навчального процесу університету.
СВІТОВИЙ ДОСВІД З ПІДГОТОВКИ ФАХІВЦІВ ІЗ БІОБЕЗПЕКИ
Authors: Андрейчин М. А. , Величко М. В. , Мельник Л. П. , Андрейчин Ю. М.
Published: December 2023

На підставі огляду наукової літератури та офіційних сайтів університетів багатьох країн, науково-дослідних установ та міжнародних організацій наведено основні дані про світовий досвід з підготовки фахівців із біобезпеки, зокрема висвітлено основи навчальних програм у провідних інститутах та університетах – Массачусетському технологічному інституті, Оксфордському, Гарвардському та Стенфордському університетах. Послідовно описано основні дисципліни та теми навчальних програм із біобезпеки в університетах США, Канади, Європи, Австралії та країн Тихоокеанського регіону. Зазначено, що підготовкою фахівців із біобезпеки займаються також міжнародні організації та ініціативи, спеціалізовані тренінгові центри, проводиться міжнародне співробітництво. Крім стаціонарного, навчання відбувається у форматі он-лайн. Стисло наведено основні дані щодо підготовки кадрів із протидії біотероризму.