bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Water Supply Reliability Analysis of Multi-Purpose Dams in Preparation for Water Disasters
Authors:   J-INSTITUTE, Park Kibum
Published: September 2023

Purpose: In this study, in order to find a way to minimize water supply shortage, reliability analysis of water supply was conducted by operating the Andong and the Imha Dam. The purpose is to find a way to minimize water shortage by the allocation distribution model from the reliability analysis results.
Method: In this study, in order to analyze the water supply reliability of Andong and Imha Dam, using the Allocation rule presented by Park et al(2007), based on the planned water supply of Andong and Imha Dam for a total of 360 months from 1993 to 2022, analyzed. From the analysis results, the reliability of stable water supply was evaluated.
Results: In the case of supplying the planned water supply of Andong and Imha Dam, the analysis result of Rule(B), which considers the ratio of the storage and inflow of the dam in the reservoir operation analysis result, showed that the shortage of Andong Dam occurred the most at 23 months, Regarding the number of shortages of control points, Rule(A), which considers only the storage capacity of the dam, was found to be short at 39 months, which is the largest number of shortages. As for the frequency standard reliability, Rule(B) showed the highest reliability of 90%, but in the case of quantitative reliability, the reliability was similar in all cases.
Conclusion: In the water supply reliability, the reliability of stable water supply by supplying only the planned water supply amount is 94%, 93%, and 90% in Rule(B) of the allocation distribution model. 5% at the Andong dam, 7% at the Imha dam, and 10% at the control point. When water supply is evaluated with frequency reliability, it is judged that countermeasures for the shortfall are necessary. Next, in the case of quantitative reliability, when only the planned water supply was supplied, it was analyzed to be 95%, 94%, and 95% in all methods, so that the quantitative reliability was higher than the frequency reliability.
The Relationship between Martial Arts Training and Meditation
Authors:   J-INSTITUTE, Choi Seongkon
Published: September 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze the relationship between body and mind through the process of meditation, which is receiving increasing attention in modern times. This study will contribute to the educational utilization of martial arts in meditation by comparing and analyzing the relationship between body and mind, identifying the body and mind as inseparable, and the training of the body as a technical means to improve the mind and personality. This will contribute to the educational utilization of martial arts in meditation.
Method: As one of the data collection methods to study social and cultural phenomena, the method of collecting necessary information through existing literature data was selected. This was approached as a qualitative research method that collects data and interprets the meaning of the phenomenon through the intuitive insight of the researcher.
Results: There are two types of meditation: static meditation and dynamic meditation. Static meditation is a seated, stationary practice that involves sitting in a certain posture and focusing your consciousness on a single thought, clearing your mind of distractions, and calming your mind. Dynamic meditation is a form of meditation that involves repetition of certain movements, such as walking or practicing martial arts, in which you imagine an area as a sanctuary and walk a certain distance every day without stopping. As you continue to perform physical exercises, the mind becomes increasingly unresponsive to external stimuli and focuses only on mental images. Repetitive physical exercises like this have the effect of meditation. In this way, practicing Taekwondo or the Chinese martial art of kung fu can have a meditative effect. The Taekwondo curriculum are consisted of 1)The trainees must perform repetitive movements through 360 hours of training 2)1 Dan/Poom holders require 240 hours of training, 2 Dan/Poom holders require 480 hours, 3Dan/Poom holders require 720 hours, 4 Dan/Poom holders require 960 hours, 5 Dan holders require 1200 hours, 6 Dan holders require 1440 hours, 7 Dan holders require 1680 hours, and 8 Dan holders require 2060 hours of training in nine years. These required hours are divided into units for repetitive training such as Poomsae, competition, defeat, character, self-defense, taekwondo physical fitness, taekwondo gymnastics, taekwondo demonstration, and core exercises.
Conclusion: The study found that repetitive physical exercises make the mind increasingly unresponsive to external stimuli and focus on mental images. This has the effect of meditation, so martial arts training and meditation are closely related.
Krav Maga Program to Combat Indiscriminate Violence
Authors:   J-INSTITUTE, Park Sangsoo , Lee Youngho , Kim Kunhee
Published: September 2023

Purpose: This study delves into the significance of Krav Maga training for enhancing self-defense abilities against indiscriminate violence, a societal issue impacting personal safety, and emphasizes its practicality in combination with the Israeli military combat system as a fundamental approach to applying martial arts for self-defense. The study seeks to reevaluate Krav Maga's pivotal role in bolstering self-defense against indiscriminate violence and to identify prospects for its future development.
Method: The research method and data collection method to achieve the purpose of this study used electronic literature platform search. Validity as data was verified through triangulation.
Results: Krav Maga is a practical and effective self-defense system that originated in Israel, initially developed for military use but later adapted for civilian self-defense. Martial arts for security, military martial arts, and police martial arts programs are presented as a vitalization plan.
Conclusion: The revitalization plan for the Krav Maga program against indiscriminate violence can emphasize the importance of a tailored curriculum, certified instructors, scenario-based training, ethical considerations, periodic assessments and interdisciplinary collaborations, and empowers participants self-defense, bodyguards, soldiers and police. Training can be instilled with the aim of ensuring the ability to manage problems effectively in a variety of situations by equipping them with practical self-defense skills, legal awareness and enhanced situational preparedness.
Review and Proposal Regarding Tattooing Procedures
Authors:   J-INSTITUTE, Moon Sanghyuk , Sim Sungwoo
Published: September 2023

Purpose: The societal perception of tattoos has evolved, and tattooing procedures have become more prevalent. However, tattooing constitutes a medical procedure involving invasive actions on the skin, thereby falling within the scope of medical practices. Unless performed by qualified medical professionals possessing medical expertise, there is a constant risk of jeopardizing the life, physical well-being, or public health of tattoo recipients. Consequently, this paper seeks to investigate the current state of tattooing practices in South Korea, examining the legal issues at hand, and proposing measures to mitigate potential harm to consumers.
Method: Through a comprehensive review of prior research and analysis of relevant literature, including an examination of judicial precedents, this study aims to examine the stance of the Constitutional Court and the Supreme Court regarding tattooing. Additionally, it seeks to review the legislative systems pertaining to tattooing in foreign countries such as the United States and Japan in order to propose improvements to the current tattooing system and suggest measures for consumer protection.
Results: Through a review of legal precedents in our country, we have identified the evolving perception regarding the practice of tattooing. Additionally, by conducting research on foreign laws and systems, we have gained new insights into the legalization of tattooing and the considerations for potential solutions. By engaging in comprehensive discussions encompassing the protection of citizens' right to life and health, public health concerns, as well as the artistic nature, freedom of expression, and freedom of occupational choice associated with tattoos, we have sought to explore measures for improvement in the field of tattooing.
Conclusion: Through this study, it was possible to ascertain the changing public perception of tattooing. Additionally, by conducting an analysis of foreign legal systems that reflect the evolving perception of tattoos, avenues for the legalization of tattooing could be explored. Protecting the right to life and promoting health, which are the objectives of medical law, naturally entail reserving medical procedures for qualified healthcare professionals. However, given the difficulty of reversing the widespread acceptance of tattooing brought about by societal changes, it is now necessary to consider the legalization of tattooing through legal and regulatory frameworks. This should be accompanied by consistent governmental oversight and supervision by the Ministry of Health and Welfare to safeguard the health rights of the population.
The Effect of Interpersonal Relationship for Public Value on the Makeup Behavior of the Women in Their 40s and 50s
Authors:   J-INSTITUTE, Choi Jungsoon , Jo Inseog , Seo Jiyoung
Published: September 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine and understand the effect of interpersonal relationship of the middle-aged women on the makeup behavior. The women in their 40s and 50s are the most economically productive age group, and it is considered that the study of their makeup behavior would be very important.
Method: This study distributed and collected questionnaires from women in their 40s and 50s in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. A total of 411 copies were used for the final statistical analysis. Frequency, percentage, and average were calculated to examine and understand the demographic characteristics of the study subjects, and the Pearson’s product moment-effect correlation was calculated to examine and understand the relationship between the interpersonal relationship and makeup behavior. The stepwise multiple regression analysis was also performed to determine the causal relationship between the interpersonal relationship and the makeup behavior.
Results: As a result of the effect of interpersonal relationship on the fashionableness among the makeup behaviors, it turned out that openness, understanding, and satisfaction had positively significant effects on fashionableness among the makeup behaviors. As a result of the effect of interpersonal relationship on the subjectivity among the makeup behaviors, understanding, satisfaction, and subjectivity among the makeup behaviors turned out to have positively significant effects. As a result of interpersonal relationship on subjectivity among the makeup behaviors, openness was shown to have a negatively significant effect on subjectivity among the makeup behaviors, and understanding, satisfaction, and communication had a positively significant effect on subjectivity among the makeup behaviors.
Conclusion: A study on the makeup behavior of women in their 40s and 50s, who carry out a lot of social activities and highly value interpersonal relationships, is considered to contribute largely to the direction of the beauty industry that creates public value and the makeup product manufacturing industry.
The Effects of Women's Beauty and Health Multi-Shop Consumption Perceptions and Selected Attributes on Use Satisfaction
Authors:   J-INSTITUTE, Heesu Kim , Lee Chanhyung
Published: September 2023

Purpose: Recently, in Korea, beauty and health consumers are seeking convenience and professionalism, so multi-shop type stores are gradually increasing. Accordingly, this study was conducted with the purpose of confirming the relationship between consumption perception, optional attributes, and use satisfaction with women visiting beauty health multi-shops as participants.
Method: The study participants consisted of 183 adult females aged 20 years or older in S-city and G-province using the non-probability sampling method and the judgment sampling method. As for the data analysis method, MANOVA and multiple regression analysis were conducted to analyze the relationship between consumption perception, choice attributes, and use satisfaction.
Results: As a result of the study, all independent variables such as consumption necessity factors, consumption process factors, and consumption result factors were statistically significant in the influence relationship between consumption perception variables and selection attributes. And in the relationship between the selected attribute variable and the satisfaction factor, the facility factor, loyalty factor, and cost factor were found to be significant, while the information provision factor was statistically insignificant.
Conclusion: The results of this study served as an opportunity to confirm various factors related to the consumer's perception of consumption and the satisfaction of use according to the selected attributes of visiting beauty health multi-shops. Therefore, it suggests the specific and detailed importance of the perception and selection attributes of consumers who visit beauty health multi-shops.
Saudi Arabian entrepreneurship ecosystem and microfinance
Authors: Rahatullah Muhammad Khan
Published: September 2023

Microfinance is an important component of the entrepreneurship ecosystem (Iansiti & Levien, 2004). This research explores prominent microfinance models and introduces leading microfinance institutions, in a certain format, practicing these models across the globe. Using primarily qualitative methods of investigation, it then identifies the use of microfinance by different organizations in Saudi Arabia. The study contributes a model of microfinance in Saudi Arabia upon the contemporary conventions, procedures, and practices (Saudi Arabian microfinance model, SAMFIN). It would assist the microfinance landscape and practices of leading institutions. Eventually, the study would ascertain and pinpoint the challenges and opportunities for the Saudi Arabian entrepreneurship ecosystem stakeholders to introduce the changes and additions required to make the Saudi microfinance landscape more dynamic, and vibrant, and contribute to and satisfy the community needs. Also provided is a brief impact of the Saudi Vision 2030. This work would offer guidance and learning for practitioners, lenders, borrowers, and academics alike both in and outside the country. It can be concluded that the loan limit in Saudi Arabia is substantially high and equals $2666; the microfinance in Saudi Arabia is evolving and the differences identified and discussed above imply that the SAMFIN and global models are quite different in approach and modalities.
THE COUNTER RADICALISM AND INTOLERANCE STRATEGY OF NAHDLATUL ULAMA HIGHER EDUCATION IN INDONESIA
Authors: Abdul Aziz  , Imam Yahya  , Fatah Syukur  , Mohamad Fathurohman
Published: September 2023

This study aims to investigate the role of Nahdlatul Ulama Higher Education (PTNU) in Purworejo, Central Java, in relation to counter-extremism and intolerance in Indonesia. This is a qualitative study that focuses on narrative analysis. The data is gathered from various documents and news articles. The data is analyzed using Ernest Gellner's idea of civil society. The results show that PTNU has a significant role in Indonesia’s religious moderation movement through two main strategies. First, the institution's policies, which are aligned with national principles, serve to strengthen moderate ideologies. Second, as part of its tri-dharma commitment, PTNU integrates scientific, Islamic, and Indonesian principles into its curriculum and activities. Thus, this strategy integrates religious moderation systematically, with broad ramifications for academia and society. PTNU is known for combining academic excellence with holistic ideals, making it a center for religious moderation amid Indonesia's multifaceted extremism and intolerance. This study provides new insights on PTNU's role in the religious moderation movement and could inform both domestic and worldwide actions.
Gate drive method for reducing threshold voltage drift of silicon carbide MOSFET
Authors: Zhao Ke , Jiang Huaping , Liao Ruijin , Zhong Xiaohan , Tang Lei , Xiao Nianlei , Huang Yihan
Published: September 2023

The inherent limitation of threshold voltage drift in silicon carbide
metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors has restricted their
broader applicability. This paper proposes a driving method that
introduces an additional gate drive level, effectively reducing the
threshold voltage drift in silicon carbide metal-oxide-semiconductor
field-effect transistors while preserving the advantages of a negative
gate turn-off voltage. The practical effectiveness of this method is
validated through experiments.
Satellite-based rainfall datasets and autocalibration techniques’ effects on SWAT+ flow prediction
Authors: R Mahesh Tapas , Etheridge Randall , Tran Thanh-Nhan-Duc , Manh-Hung * , Hinckley Brian , Nguyen Tam , Lakshmi V
Published: September 2023

Accurate flow prediction is a primary goal of hydrological modeling
studies, which can be affected by the use of varying rainfall datasets,
autocalibration methods, and performance indices. The combined effect of
three rainfall datasets — Fifth generation of European ReAnalysis
(ERA-5), Gridded meteorological data (gridMET), Global Precipitation
Measurement Integrated Multi-satellitE Retrievals (GPM IMERG) — and
three autocalibration techniques — Dynamically Dimensioned Search
(DDS), Generalized Likelihood Uncertainty Estimation (GLUE), Latin
Hypercube Sampling (LHS) — on SWAT+ river flow prediction was measured
using three evaluation metrics — Nash Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE),
Kling Gupta Efficiency (KGE) and coefficient of determination (R
) — for two watersheds in North Carolina (Cape
Fear, Tar Pamlico) using the Soil Water Assessment Tool Plus (SWAT+)
model. Five parameters in the SWAT+ model, cn2, revap_co, flo_min,
revap_min, and awc, were found to be significantly sensitive under all
combinations for both watersheds. Simulated flow varied more with the
change in rainfall than the calibration technique used. We discovered
that GPM IMERG gave the best results of the rainfall datasets, followed
by ERA-5 and gridMET. We observed that the NSE score is more sensitive
to different combinations of rainfall datasets and calibration
techniques than the KGE scores. SWAT+ underperformed in the prediction
of base flow for the groundwater-driven watershed. Overall, we recommend
using the GPM IMERG rainfall dataset with the GLUE optimization
technique and KGE performance index for optimal flow simulations. The
results from this study will help hydrological modelers choose an
optimal combination of rainfall dataset, autocalibration technique, and
performance index depending on watershed characteristics.
Getting the best performance out of functional performance landscapes
Authors: Hebdon Nicholas , He Yanyan , Waldrop Lindsay
Published: September 2023

Due to recent advances in computational power and sophisticated
software, modeling many complex systems has come within reach for the
first time, promising understanding these systems better than ever
before. A prime example of the impact of these advances is on the use
computational models to construct performance landscapes. As
interpretive tools, performance landscapes are incredibly powerful for
interrogating evolutionary trends, competitive dynamics in an ecosystem,
and even niche partitioning. If carefully crafted, these landscapes can
lead to important insights in the evolutionary systems that they model.
In this synthesis, we cover best practices for constructing performance
landscapes, including: selecting parameter inputs and outputs, building
morphospaces, constructing physical models, parameter spaces and
surrogates, and performance space analysis. We conclude with a call for
additional work linking biology and mathematics around the unique
challenges presented by performance-space construction and validation.
Pan-striatal reduction in the expression of the astrocytic dopamine transporter precedes the development of dorsolateral striatum dopamine-dependent incentive heroin seeking habits
Authors: Hynes Tristan , Fouyssac Maxime , Puaud Mickaël , Belin David
Published: September 2023

The emergence of compulsive drug seeking habits, a hallmark feature of
substance use disorder, has been shown to be predicated on the
engagement of dorsolateral striatum (DLS) control over behaviour, which
is underpinned by a dopamine-dependent functional coupling of the
nucleus accumbens and the DLS. However, the mechanisms by which this
coupling occurs have not been fully elucidated. The striatum is tiled by
a syncytium of astrocytes that express the dopamine transporter (DAT),
whose expression is altered in individuals with a heroin use disorder.
Thus, astrocytes are uniquely placed functionally to bridge
dopamine-dependent mechanisms across the striatum. Thus, here we tested
the hypothesis that exposure to heroin, which does not interact with
DAT, influences its expression in astrocytes across the striatum before
the development of DLS-dependent incentive heroin seeking habits. Using
Western-blot, qPCR and RNAscope we measured DAT protein and mRNA levels
in whole tissue, cultured or in situ astrocytes from striatal
territories of rats with a well-established cue-controlled heroin
seeking habit and rats trained to respond for heroin or food under
continuous reinforcement. Incentive heroin seeking habits were
associated with a reduction in DAT protein levels in the anterior DLS
(aDLS) that was preceded by a heroin-induced reduction in DAT mRNA and
protein content in astrocytes across the striatum. aDLS astrocytes were
also shown to be uniquely susceptible to direct dopamine- and
opioid-induced downregulation of DAT expression. These results suggest
that astrocytes may critically regulate the striatal dopaminergic
adaptations that lead to the development of incentive habits for heroin.
Identifying the Spatial Structure and Influence Mechanism of Characteristic Protection Villages under the background of Rural Revitalization: A case study of Hubei Province, China
Authors: Pan Fangjie , Shu Nannan , Wan Qing , Huang Qi , Wang Luyao
Published: September 2023

The characteristic protection villages (CPVs) are the basic types of
rural revitalization, and one of the essential carriers of rural
cultural heritage. Identifying its spatial structure characteristics
contributes to the inheritance and continuation of rural civilization.
Based on the CPVs data in Hubei Province, this paper identified spatial
structure and evolution characteristic of CPVs in the perspective of
spatial distribution types, direction, density, and equilibrium,
respectively. At the same time, the Geodetector was used to analyze the
influence mechanism of CPVs from 2009 to 2020. The main results showed
that: (1) The spatial distribution of CPVs was an agglomeration
structure type, which showed an increasing agglomeration trend of
evolution characteristics in Hubei Province. And among them, the
traditional villages (TVs) had the highest degree of agglomeration. (2)
The CPVs showed the pattern of “east (slightly south) – west (slightly
north)” with strong centripetal force and obvious directional, and they
also showed a trend of gradual diffusion to east and west. (3) The
high–density areas of CPVs presented an evolution trend from scattered
independent structure to massive cluster structure, and generally
presented a horizontal V shape kernel density structure. Meanwhile, the
high–density areas of different types of CPVs had significant
differences. (4) The CPVs were distributed in an unequal probability,
and there were agglomerations in Yichang, Jingzhou, Shiyan, Xiangyang,
and Enshi where it showed a gradually balanced development trend. The
natural environment is the background and cornerstone of the site
selection and layout of CPVs in Hubei Province. The influence of
resource endowment, social economy and policy environment on the spatial
distribution of CPVs are increasing gradually, and there are significant
differences between different types of CPVs affected by various factors.
We try to fill the gap in quantitative identification on the structure
of CPVs to enrich the research regarding the special type features
mechanism, which has significance for the protection and revitalization
development of CPVs.
Effects of Groundwater Level Decline on Soil-Vegetation System in Semi-Arid Grassland Influenced by Coal Mining
Authors: Feng Haibo , Duan Ying , Zhou Jianwei , Su Danhui , Li Ran , Xiong Ruimin
Published: September 2023

Although it is well known that groundwater significantly influences
plant communities, there have been few studies on how the soil and plant
communities respond to groundwater level decline in a short time
affected by coal mining. This paper examined the changes in groundwater
depth before and after coal mining and the soil-vegetation response in a
typical semi-arid grassland coal mine area of Hulunbuir Steppe,
Northeastern China. The IsoSource model, based on the dual stable
isotopes of δ D and δ O, was employed to estimate
groundwater contributions to shallow soil (0-100cm) water under
different groundwater depths. The results revealed that groundwater was
the dominant water source (75.7±17.1%) for shallow soil water when the
groundwater depth is less than 4 meters, indicating that 4m is a
threshold in groundwater depth, separating groundwater-dependent, and
precipitation-driven vegetation system in the study area. Secondly, a
strong non-linear response between vegetation species, height, coverage,
and groundwater decline was identified in the coal mine area. The
vegetation properties were found to be lowest in the areas where
groundwater depth increased from 1.5~4 m to
4~28 m before and after coal mining. Finally, the
groundwater level decline in the mining area significantly influenced
the groundwater-dependent vegetation ecosystem, with the soil CEC and
organic matter reduced, and the plant community degraded, succeeding
from mesophytic to xerophytic. Whereas, the soil-vegetation system in
the non-groundwater-dependent area has no obvious response to the
groundwater decline. These results suggest that caution should be
exercised when mining in groundwater-dependent ecosystem regions.
Time To Be Blunt: Substance Use In Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Vaziri Sanaz , McGarry Meghan , Huang Chiung-Yu , Cuneo Addison A. , Willwn Shaina , Iwanaga Kensho , Neemuchwala Fatima , Gibb Elizabeth , Chan M. , Ly Ngoc
Published: September 2023

Background: As the population of people with CF (pwCF)
continues to age, attention is shifting towards addressing the unique
challenges teenagers and adults face, including substance use. Changing
attitudes and legality regarding marijuana and CBD may influence their
use among pwCF, but data on their prevalence, reasons for use, and
administration methods are lacking. Objective: Investigate
marijuana, cannabidiol (CBD), e-cigarette, and cigarette usage among
pwCF and explore differences in demographics, disease severity, and CFTR
modulator use between current and non-users. Methods: This
cross-sectional study used a one-time electronic survey to assess
marijuana, CBD, e-cigarette, and cigarette use in pwCF aged
>13 years. Demographic and clinical characteristics were
compared between current users and non-users. The association between
current substance use and CFTR modulator use was analyzed using logistic
regressions. Results: Among 226 participants, 29% used
marijuana, 22% used CBD, 27% used e-cigarettes, and 22% used
cigarettes. Current users of all substances were more likely to be
college-educated, Black, or aged 29-39 years than non-users. Current
e-cigarette users were 2.9 times more likely to use CFTR modulators
(95% CI 0.98-11.00, p=0.08) and current marijuana users were 2.5 times
more likely to use CFTR modulators compared to non-users, adjusted for
confounders. Current users of CBD, e-cigarettes, and cigarettes were
more likely to have an abnormal mental health screen compared to
non-users. A high proportion of never-users of marijuana and CBD
expressed interest in using. Conclusion: Substance use is more
prevalent among pwCF than previously reported and needs to be addressed
by healthcare providers.
Belowground carbon transfer from sunlit pines to shaded oaks
Authors: livne-luzon stav , Fox Hagar , Cahanovitc Rotem , Rapaport Alon , Klein Tamir
Published: September 2023

Although gaining much attention in recent years, it is unclear whether
mycorrhizal fungi distribute meaningful amounts of resources among trees
in ways that increase the fitness of the receiving trees. To this end,
we used shaded and non-shaded pairs of inter- and intra-species Pinus
halepensis and Quercus calliprinos saplings growing outdoors in forest
soil. Carbon transfer was measured using pulse labeling with 13CO2 and
the mycorrhizal community of each tree was identified by DNA barcoding.
The effects of belowground connections were examined by tree performance
and Non-Structural Carbohydrates (NSC) pools. Although we did not
observe any growth benefits, shaded recipient oaks exhibited higher
levels of root NSC compared to their control counterparts, which were
not connected belowground. This finding suggests a potential benefit of
establishing below-ground connections. We also show that non-shaded
pines connected to shaded oaks were depleted of their starch pools,
suggesting a possible cost of the tree-fungi-tree interaction.
Additionally, we monitored the carbon (C) flow from a 13CO2 labeled
donor pine tree to the final recipient oak tree and were able to
demonstrate C transfer from pines to shaded oaks. Finally, we were able
to identify the main fungal symbionts interacting with pines and oaks.
Our results link specific mycorrhizal species to belowground C transfer
and suggest C-driven fitness costs and benefits to the trees.
Inoculation regulates nitrogen transformation and microbial community during livestock manure composting
Authors: Cao Rui , Huang Yihao , Li Ruyu , Li Ke , Ren Zhuqing , Wu Jian
Published: September 2023

The effects of three Bacillus strains and one Saccharomyces cerevisiae
strain on nitrogen transformation and microbial communities in pig and
chicken manure compost were investigated. The findings revealed that
employing compound microbial inoculants raised compost temperature,
expedited moisture reduction, enhanced cellulase activity, and
stimulated the accumulation of NH4+-N, NO3–N, and total nitrogen (TN),
resulting in a 9% increase in TN content. The abundance of Firmicutes
at the maturation phase decreased by 3.95%, Actinobacteria and
Bacteroidetes increased by 1.64% and 1.85%, respectively. Inoculation
resulted in an augmentation of amoA, nxrA, and nifH gene copy numbers,
while concurrently reducing the abundance of nirK, nosZ, and nirS genes.
Furthermore, it led to an increase in functional enzyme levels,
specifically nif and amo, along with a corresponding decrease in nor.
Clostridium, Phascolarctobacterium, Eubacterium, and Faecalibacterium
from class Clostridium, which exists a significant correlation with nifH
and nxrA genes, suggesting their likely pivotal role in nitrogen
retention and fixation. Inoculation helped remove pathogenic bacteria
and ARGs like fluoroquinolones, nucleoside and nitroimidazole. This
study provide effective theoretical support for nitrogen retention and
fixation mechanism and improving the quality of compost.
Uniqueness of nodal radial solutions to nonlinear elliptic equations in the unit ball ∗
Authors: Liang Zhanping , Li Fuyi , Li Xiaoting
Published: September 2023

In this paper, we study the uniqueness of nodal radial solutions to
nonlinear elliptic equations in the unit ball in R 3 . Under suitable
conditions, we prove that, for any given positive integer k, the
problem we considered has at most one solution possessing exactly
k−1 nodes. Together with the results presented by Nagasaki [J.
Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo Sect. IA Math. 36 (2): 211–232, 1989] and
Tanaka [Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh Sect. A. 138 (6): 1331–1343,
2008], we can prove that more types of nonlinear elliptic equations
have the uniqueness of nodal radial solutions.
Myeloproliferative disorder in a patient with RIT1 -associated Noonan syndrome: a case report and literature review
Authors: Suzuki Kyogo , Wakamatsu Manabu , Ito Yoshifumi , Ishikawa Miki , Shimotakahara Akihiro , Futagawa Hiroshi , Yamamoto Yusuke , Nagamine Hiroki , Saito Osamu , Muramatsu Hideki , Yuza Yuki
Published: September 2023

Myeloproliferative disorder (MPD) is a rare complication in individuals
with Noonan syndrome (NS) and an RIT1 pathogenic variant; only
three cases have previously been reported. However, this condition can
be life-threatening. In the present case, a neonate with a massive
capillary leak and compromised general condition caused by aggressive
MPD, we employed cytoreductive chemotherapy using low-dose cytarabine,
which proved to be a valuable therapeutic intervention. For patients
presenting with suspected MPD and exhibiting features associated with NS
early in life, genetic testing that includes sequencing of RIT1
may confer significant benefits to diagnosis and disease management.
Studies on the enzymatic synthesis and free radical scavenging ability of phenolic acid glycerols
Authors: Li Hong , Li Yanyan , Yin Xuezhi , Li Ziyi , Mu Huiling , Shen Ruiling , Wei Tao
Published: September 2023

The potentially wide application of Phenolic acids (PAs) in industries
was severely limited by their inadequate solubility and stability in
polar/non-polar media. To overcome these limits, studies on the
enzymatic esterification of PAs with glycerol were carried out to reach
a yield of 95% of phenolic acid glycerols (PAGs) under the following
reaction conditions: 1:150 molar ratio of caffeic acid (CA) to glycerol;
25% Lipozyme 435 relative to the weight of total substrates;
temperature 80 C, 500 rpm; 86.7 kPa and reaction time
10 h. Three resulting PAGs including caffeoyl glycerol (CG), feruloyl
glycerol (FG) and p-hydroxycinnamoyl glycerol ( p-HCG)
were confirmed by MS, H NMR and C
NMR. Among them, CG showed a comparative free radical scavenging ability
to CA, indicating its potential use as a water-soluble antioxidant
alternative to CA for food and cosmetic applications.
Primary vs Secondary Prevention Defibrillator Therapy in Octogenarians: A Clinical Equipoise of Survival, Cost and Complications
Authors: Paray Nitish K. Behary , Tahir Mehak , Jeelani Mohammad S. , Kuriakose Jebby , Podd Steven , Lovell Matthew , Ludman Andrew J. , Dimitropoulos Gerasimos , Dyer Ben , Spinthakis Nikolaos
Published: September 2023

Background: In the multiple trials that established the efficacy
of implantable cardiac defibrillator (ICD) in preventing sudden cardiac
death, patients aged ≥ 80 years were poorly represented. One aspect of
the paucity of data on outcomes in this subgroup pertains to any
difference in survival based on the indication for the device, i.e.
primary vs secondary prevention of ventricular arrhythmias.
Methods: We performed a monocentric retrospective observational
study of octogenarians receiving ICD therapy over a twelve-year period
(n=95). Fisher exact and Chi-squared tests were used for categorical
variables and student t-test and Wilcoxon rank-sum for continuous
variables. A Kaplan-Meier survival analysis using logrank test and an
adjusted Cox regression Hazard Ratio model was performed to compare
survival between primary and secondary prevention groups.
Results: Mean age of the cohort was 83.1 ± 3 years, with 85%
(n=81) being male. 73% (n=69) of the participants had ischaemic
cardiomyopathy and 43% (n=41) met the primary prevention indications.
Overall survival at 5 years was 80% with a median survival time post
device implantation at 27 months (IQR 12 – 55). The difference in
survival rates between primary and secondary prevention was not
statistically significant (p=0.63). Inappropriate shocks were delivered
in 2 patients while 14 patients were successfully treated with
appropriate therapy. Complications were encountered in 9.5% (n=9) of
cases. Conclusion: In carefully selected octogenarians, there is
no significant difference in the survival benefit conferred by ICD
therapy based on the indication for the device. Advanced chronological
age alone should not unduly influence the decision for ICD selection.
There is an imperative for a greater representation of this cohort in
future trials
Illustration of Maiden Frequency Control Scheme of Combined Cycle Gas turbine and Doubly Fed Induction Generator Integrated Distributed Energy Resources based Isolated Power System
Authors: Saha Debdeep , Sarkar Mithu , Barman Utpal
Published: September 2023

Electricity network across the globe has witnessed an increase in
penetration of distributed energy resources (DER) to the grid. A maiden
attempt to integrate 50% loaded Combined Cycle Gas Turbine (CCGT) plant
and doubly fed Induction Generator (DFIG) plant with DER is carried out
for investigations to study frequency excursions in the hybrid system
along with temperature excursions in the CCGT plant. A novel attempt is
done to introduce modified beluga whale optimizer for tuning the
controller gains and system parameters of the hybrid isolated system.
This article emphasizes on the system behaviour of an isolated power
system consisting of a CCGT plant and a DFIG plant integrated with
distributed energy resources comprising of Diesel engine generator, wind
turbine generator and battery energy storage system. Among the classical
secondary controllers, comparison of system responses is carried out to
select the best among proportional, proportional-integral, and
proportional-integral-derivative controllers. A modified beluga whale
optimization algorithm is utilized to tune the controllers. Various
investigations conducted with different turbo generators confirm the
control strategy to the frequency of excursions. The hybrid CCGT – DFIG
- DER system is also evaluated under random load demand, change in
generation rate constraints and DFIG power output.
Ocena poziomu rozwoju sektora rolnego w krajach Unii Europejskiej
Authors: Szczukocka Agata
Published: September 2023

W artykule poruszono problem rozwoju sektora rolnego w Polsce i krajach Unii Europejskiej. Zwrócona została uwaga na podstawowe czynniki wpływające na rozwój rolnictwa, między innymi: poziom zatrudnienia, udział rolnictwa w PKB, modernizacje i poprawę produktywności. W celu analizy zachodzących podobieństw rozwoju rolnictwa w państwach Unii Europejskiej wykorzystano metodę skalowania wielowymiarowego.
Wydatki na żywność w warunkach kryzysu gospodarczego z 2008 roku w wybranych krajach Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej
Authors: Szuba-Barańska Ewelina , Mrówczyńska-Kamińska Aldona
Published: September 2023

Kryzys gospodarczy z 2008 roku doprowadził do recesji w krajach rozwiniętych i w większości krajów rozwijających się. Celem głównym artykułu była ocena wpływu skutków kryzysu na wydatki na żywność w wybranych krajach Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej. Zmiany sytuacji makroekonomicznej, wywołane kryzysem gospodarczym w niewielkim stopniu wpłynęły na poziom i strukturę wydatków konsumpcyjnych, w tym wydatków na żywność i napoje bezalkoholowe. Wyniki badań potwierdzają ogólne znane prawidłowości, że wydatki na żywność, czyli na produkty zaspokajające podstawowe fizjologiczne potrzeby człowieka, pomimo pogorszenia sytuacji dochodowej ludności nie ulegają istotnym zmianom, ponieważ są niezbędne. Nie można odłożyć ich w czasie i występuje brak możliwości zastąpienia produktów żywnościowych przez substytuty. Niewielkie spadki wydatków na żywność w okresie kryzysu wynikają również z potrzeby utrzymywania osiągniętego poziomu konsumpcji przez społeczeństwo, pomimo zmniejszania się ich dochodów.
Polityka rolna Chin po 1978 roku
Authors: Wieliczko Barbara
Published: September 2023

Zmiany w polityce rolnej Chin, które wprowadzono od czasu tzw. wielkiego otwarcia Chin zapoczątkowanego w 1978 r. diametralnie zmieniły uwarunkowania prowadzenia działalności rolniczej. Przekazanie ziemi w indywidualną dzierżawę było pierwszym etapem przemian. Później zlikwidowano opodatkowanie rolnictwa oraz wprowadzono szereg subsydiów. Jednocześnie uzyskanie przez Chiny członkostwa w WTO zwiększyło konkurencję na chińskim rynku i stale wymusza podnoszenie jakości i produktywności krajowego rolnictwa. Mimo blisko 40 lat reform chińskie rolnictwo nadal boryka się z problemem rozdrobnienia i niskiej produktywności. Dalsze zmiany w sektorze będą dodatkowo utrudnione przez problemy wynikające ze zmian klimatycznych i ograniczonej dostępności zasobów naturalnych. W artykule przestawiono najważniejsze zmiany w polityce Chin w latach 1978-2013 oraz wskazano na niezbędne dalsze kroki w reformowaniu chińskiego rolnictwa mające na celu zwiększenie jego długookresowej konkurencyjności.
Sytuacja dochodowa gospodarstw rolniczych w krajach UE-15 i w Polsce w latach 2007-2013 w świetle statystyki FADN
Authors: Czyżewski Andrzej , Kryszak Łukasz
Published: September 2023

Wsparcie finansowe rolnictwa w ramach Wspólnej Polityki Rolnej w Polsce wzrasta i dodatkowo zasilana jest przez płatności krajowe. Powinno to przyspieszyć konwergencję dochodów gospodarstw polskich w relacji do średniej unijnej. Celem artykułu było zbadanie dochodowości polskich gospodarstw rolnych na tle krajów UE-15 mierzonej wielkościami dostępnymi w bazie FADN. Dochodowość ta jest niższa w porównaniu do krajów UE, zarówno w ujęciu brutto, jak i netto. Uzależniona jest ona nie tylko od dopłat unijnych, ale także od ogólnej koniunktury gospodarczej oraz struktur wytwórczych polskiego rolnictwa. Dochody ludności rolniczej w Polsce pozostają niższe w porównaniu do przeciętnej ogólnokrajowej. Charakteryzują się też większą zmiennością, zależną m.in. od cen surowców rolnych i relacji popytowo- podażowych. Wzmacnianie rodzinnego modelu rolnictwa, realizującego też funkcje społeczne i ekologiczne, wymaga utrzymania mechanizmów pomocowych.
Wybrane problemy rozwoju i transformacji rolnictwa
Authors: Górecki Jan
Published: September 2023

Treścią artykułu są wyniki studiów w ramach planu badawczego Zakładu Integracji IRWiR-PAN nad procesami transformacji wsi i rolnictwa a zwłaszcza w procesie implementacji WPR. W opracowaniu wykorzystano szereg studiów szczegółowych innych autorów oraz wyniki analizy porównawczej w różnych okresach rozwoju polskiej wsi i rolnictwa. Opracowanie ma charakter syntetyczny.
Polska w światowym handlu trzodą chlewną i wieprzowiną
Authors: Czarny Elżbieta , Śledziewska Katarzyna
Published: September 2023

Analizujemy zmiany, jakie zaszły w wolumenie oraz strukturze rzeczowej i geograficznej polskiego handlu trzodą chlewną i wieprzowiną w latach 2004-2013. Interesują nas zmiany absolutne i względne pozwalające porównać miejsce Polski w badanym handlu z pozycjami grup państw o różnych poziomach rozwoju oraz państw członkowskich UE. Koncentrujemy uwagę na eksporcie, gdyż głównym celem opracowania jest analiza zmian pozycji Polski na rynku światowym, jednak nie rezygnujemy z badania importu. Dopełnia ono bowiem analizę udziału Polski w interesującym nas handlu. Posługujemy się danymi statystycznymi pochodzącymi z bazy Comtrade (WITS). Dowodzimy, że w latach 2004-2013 nastąpiły duże zmiany w udziale Polski w światowym handlu trzodą chlewną i wieprzowiną. Polska wycofuje się z rynku trzody chlewnej w coraz większym stopniu polegając na jej imporcie. Równocześnie utrzymuje ona wysoką pozycję na rynku produktów bardziej zaawansowanych technologicznie (wieprzowina).
Zróżnicowanie regionalne cen ziemii rolniczej w Polsce i w Niemczech
Authors: Kołodziejczak Małgorzata
Published: September 2023

Celem artykułu było zbadanie zmian i zróżnicowania poziomu cen ziemi rolniczej w Polsce i w Niemczech, w ujęciu regionalnym w latach 2000-2013. Badania wykazały, że istnieją znaczne dysproporcje w cenie ziemi rolniczej pomiędzy regionami polskimi i niemieckimi, a także pomiędzy krajami związkowymi w części wschodniej i zachodniej Niemiec. Jednak w badanym okresie doszło do zmniejszenia tych różnic, zwłaszcza w ujęciu Polska-Niemcy, przede wszystkim na skutek wzrostu cen ziemi rolniczej w Polsce. Podobne zjawisko zaobserwowano pomiędzy regionami niemieckimi, co świadczy o powolnej konwergencji cen ziemi rolniczej w części wschodniej do poziomu cen ziemi rolniczej w zachodnich regionach Niemiec.
Zróżnicowanie zasobów ziemi w krajach Unii Europejskiej
Authors: Ossowska Luiza , Janiszewska Dorota
Published: September 2023

Głównym celem artykułu jest ocena zróżnicowania zasobów ziemi w krajach Unii Europejskiej oraz podział tych krajów na grupy o różnych cechach zasobów ziemi. Do analizy zróżnicowania zasobów ziemi przyjęto pięć wskaźników (udział użytków rolnych w powierzchni ogólnej krajów; średnia powierzchnia użytków rolnych przypadającą na gospodarstwo rolne; udział gruntów ornych w powierzchni użytków rolnych; udział trwałych użytków zielonych w powierzchni użytków rolnych; lesistość). Przy pomocy analizy skupień uzyskano pięć grup krajów o różnych cechach zasobów ziemi.
A maternal Western-style diet impairs skeletal muscle lipid metabolism in adolescent Japanese macaques
Authors: T. Greyslak Keenan , Hetrick Byron , C. Bergman Bryan , A. Dean Tyler , R. Wesolowski Stephanie , Gannon Maureen , Schenk Simon , L. Sullivan Elinor , M. Aagaard Kjersti , Kievit Paul , J. Chicco Adam , E. Friedman Jacob , E. McCurdy Carrie
Published: September 2023

Maternal (m) consumption of a Western-style diet (WD) during pregnancy alters fatty-acid metabolism and reduces insulin sensitivity in fetal skeletal muscle. The long-term impact of these fetal adaptations and the pathways underlying disordered lipid metabolism are incompletely understood. Therefore, we tested whether a mWD chronically fed to lean, insulin sensitive adult Japanese macaques throughout pregnancy and lactation would impact skeletal muscle oxidative capacity and lipid metabolism in adolescent offspring fed a postweaning (pw)WD or control diet (CD). Although body weight was not different, retroperitoneal fat mass and subscapular skinfold thickness were significantly higher in pwWD offspring consistent with elevated fasting insulin and glucose. Maximal complex I-dependent respiration in muscle was lower in mWD offspring in the presence of fatty acids, suggesting that mWD impacts muscle integration of lipid with non-lipid oxidation. Abundance of all five OXPHOS complexes and VDAC, but not ETF/ETFDH, were reduced with mWD, partially explaining the lower respiratory capacity with lipids. Muscle triglycerides increased with pwWD; however, the fold increase in lipid saturation, 1,2-diacylglycerides and C18: ceramide between pwCD and pwWD was greatest in mWD offspring. Reductions in complex I abundance and VDAC correlated with reduced markers of oxidative stress suggesting these reductions may be an early life adaptation to mWD to mitigate excess reactive oxygen species. Altogether, mWD, independent of maternal obesity or insulin resistance, results in sustained metabolic reprogramming in offspring muscle despite a healthy diet intervention.