bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ação Coletiva Passiva: Breves Considerações
Authors: Assis Wilson Pereira de , Chueiri Miriam Fecchio , Gomes Júnior Luiz Manoel
Published: October 2021

Neste artigo discorro sobre ação coletiva passiva, apresentando algumas definições, sem, contudo, ter a pretensão de esgotar o tema, bem como discorro sobre o surgimento desse tipo de ação e como o assunto é tratado no Brasil, inclusive quanto à polêmica entorno dos efeitos e alcance da coisa julgada na ação coletiva passiva. Discorro também sobre a importância da ação coletiva passiva para a sociedade, vez que esse tipo de ação busca defender ou fazer com que se assegurem direitos coletivos.
A reestruturação curricular de uma rede municipal de ensino, numa perspectiva colaborativa
Authors: Sarmento Dirléia Fanfa , Menegat Jardelino , Ramos Roberto Carlos
Published: October 2021

O artigo focaliza a reestruturação curricular de uma rede municipal de ensino. Decorre de uma pesquisa-ação relativa à implantação da BNCC. Protagonizaram o estudo professores de 17 escolas desta rede. Foram priorizados no processo o diálogo, o comprometimento político com a mudança da realidade educacional e a democracia. A análise documental, a observação e os registros no Diário de Campo indicam: a) certa resistência à participação, b) concepção de currículo com foco nos conteúdos, c) visão burocrática sobre o planejamento curricular, e d) ceticismo em relação à BNCC.
La apropiación de “Libre”, de Nino Bravo, durante el régimen de Pinochet: reconstruyendo la gestación de un mito
Authors: Lewin Velasco Josefina
Published: October 2021

Este artículo examina la recepción de “Libre” (1972), de Nino Bravo, en Chile durante los primeros años de la dictadura de Pinochet. Su objetivo es demostrar cómo el régimen militar se apropió de esta canción, sustituyendo el sentido y la intención política de su versión inicial por una interpretación afín a la ideología del autoritarismo. Se trata, entonces, de ver cómo “Libre” –otrora concebida como una crítica contra la dictadura franquista– llegó a convertirse en un himno de la dictadura chilena, rastreando los significados específicos que se le impusieron durante este nuevo régimen de significación. De ahí nuestro interés por determinar lo que el autoritarismo escuchó en esta canción: un homenaje a la gesta de liberación emprendida por las Fuerzas Armadas y la expresión del espíritu de un arquetipo juvenil ideal. La hipótesis de que “Libre” atravesó un proceso de resignificación en dictadura repara en la insistente reproducción de este tema en una serie de escenarios dispuestos por el bloque autoritario entre 1973 y 1975. La delimitación de estos antecedentes nos permitirá plantear que “Libre” adquirió la forma de un “mito” (Barthes 2008) elaborado por la dictadura para naturalizar ciertos conceptos o narrativas políticas.
Participate, observe, investigate: the method as a process
Authors: Junqueira Humberto
Published: October 2021

The term method is widespread, both in academic contexts and in different musical areas, institutional or otherwise. However, most of the time, this term expresses different, even opposite meanings. In this article I try to reflect on these different meanings, establishing some criteria and parameters that I consider relevant, especially for research that has music as an object of analysis. Beyond proposing a specific method for music research, my goal is to clarify what it means to act based on method. Hence, I examine the existing relationships between knowledge, action and performance, in the construction of a pathway that involves practice, movement, and process, as powerful methodological resources. In the case of the ethnographic method, perhaps the most appropriate way to reflect on this subject –especially when we understand it as practice– is to let it reveal itself through a description, a report. Thus, throughout the article, I report some of my experiences as a musician-researcher, in search of this participatory-observer pathway.
El desafío de la inmediatez en la murga en Chile. Expresiones musicales satíricas en contexto de distanciamiento social
Authors: Gana Nuñez Alejandro
Published: October 2021

Este artículo analiza y contextualiza el fenómeno de la creación lírica y musical satírica difundida por medios virtuales, en el escenario de distanciamiento social que la crisis sanitaria por el virus SARS-CoV-2 ha impuesto. Se trata de abordar el fenómeno de la murga en Chile, como una expresión carnavalesca que integra música y lírica, desde la mirada de la interculturalidad en la América Latina global, y analizar cómo Internet puede posibilitar procesos de identificación cultural y de transmisión de contenidos contrahegemónicos que contribuyan a la reflexión social sobre la cotidianeidad y las problemáticas sociales de los sectores populares. Diversas agrupaciones de murgas de estilo uruguayo en Chile, entre los meses de marzo y abril de 2020 se sumaron a un desafío virtual que consistió en crear y difundir una canción breve, un salpicón de noticias cantadas, para dar cuenta de la actualidad social, política y sanitaria nacional. Se trata entonces de comprender cómo estas agrupaciones se constituyen en agentes artísticos reflexivos dentro de un contexto intercultural, para lo cual realizaremos un análisis de los textos creados para esta instancia.
Innovation as Competitiveness Driving Force Through the Resources and Capacities of SMEs in Costa Rica, Puerto Rico, and Dominican Republic
Authors: Mendez-Vega Ulises , Muñiz-Umana Glenda , Flecha-Ortiz José A, , Santos-Corrada Maria
Published: October 2021

Literature reflects that Latin America and the Caribbean register more SMEs and produce more entrepreneurial activity than any other place in the world. Using the Theory of Resources and Capabilities, this research explored how SMEs in Costa Rica, Puerto Rico, and the Dominican Republic managed the heterogeneity of their entrepreneurial orientation, market orientation, social and human capital resources and their impact on innovation capacity and competitiveness. With a survey of 467 SMEs and the analysis of data with the use of PLS-SEM & PLS-MGA, this study contributed new information based on resources and capacities that showed the maximum set of possible variables analyzed for a theoretical understanding and practice of the heterogeneity of resources. The results reflected a positive impact on the proposed hypothesis through the structural model. The data highlight market orientation as the most valuable resource that facilitates innovation and competitiveness in SMEs analyzed. The results revealed and contributed to the new lines of research on how differences and the degree of importance in managing resources generated high competitiveness through their capacity for innovation.
Family Firm Heterogeneity and Tax Aggressiveness: A Quasi-Experimental Analysis of the Impact of Different Family Generations
Authors: Clemente-Almendros José A. , Camisón-Haba Sergio , Camisón-Zornoza César
Published: October 2021

This paper analyses tax aggressiveness in family firm generations. Moreover, taking into account the heterogeneity in family firms, we check whether the successive generations in control show different tax avoidance behaviour. The empirical evidence, based on the quasi-experiment of the 2012 Spanish thin capitalization rule, reveals that there is a positive relationship between tax aggressiveness and successive generations. Moreover, the founder and second generations follow a similar conservative tax avoidance approach, whereas the third and fourth generations are found to be more tax aggressive.
Entrepreneurial Cognition of the Business Model Construct: A Mixed Methods Study of STEM and non-STEM Entrepreneurs
Authors: Kaffka Gabi A. , Singaram Raja , Groen Aard J. , Kraaijenbrink Jeroen
Published: October 2021

Applying the theory of socially situated cognition, we study how entrepreneurs cognitively process the business model construct during the early stages of launching technology-based new ventures. Through an abductive reasoning procedure, we aggregate four underlying socially situated cognitive functions of the business model and describe how these functions facilitate opportunity development. We examine if the entrepreneur’s educational background (STEM vs non-STEM) influences their cognitive processing of the construct. We discuss the contribution of our study to the literature on managerial cognition, business models, and to practice in detail.
Influence of Income Generating Activities and Resource Accessibility on Empowerment of Women in Makueni County
Authors:   Management University of Africa, Mutua Janet , Juster Nyaga G. ,   Management University of Africa
Published: October 2021

There is need to establish the role played by NGOs in promoting women empowerment and how this leads to reduction of the socio-economic vulnerability of women. Because of the low participation of women in decision making process, control over ownership and access of resources and wealth, increased poverty levels, increased cases of gender-based violence. This has necessitated the need to establish the role of NGOs in women empowerment in Makueni County. The specific objectives of the study were to establish the effect of income generating activities and the resource availability on women empowerment. The anchor theory for this study is the Women Empowerment Framework by Sara Longwe and the other theory used in the study include Kabeers 3-dimensional model. The study population was 60 women groups in Kalawa ward, Makueni County who have benefited from the NGOs programs. The total number of respondents were 1254 and a sample size of 294 was used. The study found that there was an influence of income generating activities on women empowerment. A unit increase in income generating activities was found to increase women empowerment by 0.323 units. The study also found that there was there was a negative influence of resource accessibility on women empowerment, implying that a unit increase in resource accessibility decreases women empowerment by 0.152 units. The study recommendations are that NGOs, National and County Governments to provide linkage to markets for the products from the income generating activities by women groups. Both Government and NGOs should develop frameworks to engage women in development agenda. Keywords: Women Empowerment, Income Generating Activities, Resource Availability
Die Winterreise and Winterreise: A Comparison of Wilhelm Müller’s Cycle of Poems and Franz Schubert’s Cycle of Songs for Voice and Piano
Authors: van Es Marjon
Published: October 2021

This article examines closely the textual origins of Schubert’s Winterreise in order to gain a deeper understanding of the relationship between Wilhelm Müller’s set of poems and Franz Schubert’s song cycle based on those poems. A study of the genesis of the poetry and the final arrangement of poems in both Müller’s and Schubert’s cycles illustrates a contrast between a work of hope and another of despair.
The Divas Get Real: Training Singers for Success in the Canadian Cultural Domains
Authors: Renihan Colleen , Brook Julia , Schnitzer Ben
Published: October 2021

To the accepted three cornerstones for innovation of undergraduate music major curricula—creativity, diversity, and integration—must be added fourth, professionalization, that is, the establishment of viable professional identities. This article focuses on a subset of Canadian music undergraduate singers, reporting on research into the structure and reality of the eight cultural domains in Canada, and investigating three important themes that emerge from statistics for the training of singers in postsecondary training: the range of work available to music graduates, the portfolio nature of working musicians’ careers, and the increasing significant role of technological fluency in musicians’ careers today.
OPTIMIZATION OF GASTROADHESIVE DELIVERY SYSTEM FOR NARROW ABSORPTION WINDOW DRUG USING NATURAL POLYMERS
Authors: Shende M.A , Marathe R.P ,   Department of Pharmaceutics, Government College of Pharmacy, Kathora Naka, Amravati, Maharashtra – 444 604, India.
Published: October 2021

A system comprising mechanisms of gastric retention by gastroadhesion has been investigated employing combination of hibiscus esculentus mucilage and xanthan gum for diltiazem hydrochloride. Various formulations of diltiazem hydrochloride were prepared by wet granulation technique using Box-Behnken approach and were tested for compatibility, swelling behaviour, in vitro drug release, mucoadhesive strength and accelerated stability. The percent cumulative drug release at 8th hr (Y1), time to release 80 % of drug (Y2), mucoadhesive strength (Y3) and mucoadhesive time (Y4) were used as the formulation responses in order to optimize the formulation. The accelerated stability studies revealed that the tablets retained their characteristics even after stressed storage conditions. The DLT mucoadhesive matrices were 49.99 mg hibiscus esculentus mucilage, 44.97 mg xanthan gum and 4.48 ton compression load fulfilled the optimal criteria of best sustained release rate and bioadhesive characteristics with t80% of 7.6 h, Q8h of 89.83 % and bioadhesive strength of 22.14 g.
DETERMINATION OF TELMISARTAN HYDROCHLORIDE AND HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE IN BINARY MIXTURE AND PHARMACEUTICAL TABLET DOSAGE FORM BY FIRST DERIVATIVE RATIO SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD
Authors: Thakur V , Daharwal S. J. ,   Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, University Institute of Pharmacy, Amanaka G.E.Road, Raipur - 492 010, Chhattisgarh, India.
Published: October 2021

New first derivative ratio spectrophotometric method was developed for simultaneous estimation of telmisartan hydrochloride (TELM) and hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) in combined tablet dosage form without prior separation. The amplitude in the first derivative of the corresponding ratio spectra at 263.2 nm and 278.4 nm of TELM and for HCTZ at 287.2 nm and 304.8 nm were selected for the determination. The calibration graphs were established in the range of 1-10μg/mL and 2-15 μg/mL of TELM and HCTZ, respectively. The percentage recoveries of binary mixture of TELM were found to be 97.81±1.05 (263.2nm) and 96.60±1.91 (278.4nm) and for HCTZ were found to be 97.47±1.41 (287.2), 98.16± 1.45 (304.8nm) by proposed method. This method was successfully applied for the analysis of commercial tablet formulation, with no interference from excipients as indicated by the recovery study results. The proposed method was validated, statistically analyzed, compared with reported HPLC method and can be successfully applied for the routine analysis.
SYNTHESIS AND ANALGESIC ACTIVITY OF 7-(SUBSTITUTED PHENYL)-9- PHENYL-1H-[1,4]DIAZEPINO [2,3-G] QUINOXALINE-2,3(4H,6H)-DIONES
Authors: Visagaperumal D , Chandy V. , Jayakumar K. , Anbalagan N. ,   Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, T John College of Pharmacy, Gottigere, Bangalore - 560 083, Karnataka, India.
Published: October 2021

A series of 7-substituted phenyl-9-phenyl-1H-[1,4]diazepino[2,3-g]quinoxaline-2,3(4H,6H)-dione (SK1-SK9) was synthesized by the reaction of 6,7-diaminoquinoxaline-2,3(1H,4H)-dione 3 with substituted chalcone with good yield and characterized by elemental and spectral analysis (IR, 1H NMR, Mass). The synthesized compounds were screened for analgesic activity by tail immersion method. The results revealed that the compound SK6 was significant from this series.
STABILITY INDICATING HPLC-MS/UV METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF RACECADOTRIL FROM BULK AND FORMULATION
Authors: Tambe V. S , Deodhar M. N. , Prakya V. ,   JNTUH and P.E.S. Modern College of Pharmacy for Ladies, Moshi, Pune - 412 105, Maharashtra, India.
Published: October 2021

The present work was focused on the development of rapid, specific and novel stability indicating high performance liquid chromatographic method for determination of racecadotril (RAC) in bulk and capsule formulation. The drug and formulation were subjected to hydrolysis (acidic, alkaline and neutral), oxidative and thermal stress, as per ICH guidelines Q1A (R2). Degradation products of RAC formed under various stress conditions were well separated using a mobile phase containing acetonitrile and water (60:40 V/V) with 0.5% formic acid. Quantification was performed using RP C18 column with the detection wavelength of 230 nm.The method was considered linear in the concentration range of 5-100 μg mL−1 for RAC. Limit of detection and quantitation was found to be 0.15 and 0.45 μg mL−1 respectively. Identification of major stress degradation products was performed using qudrupole electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy (ESI-MS) in positive mode. RAC was found to be very unstable under basic condition and is converted into 2-(3-(acetylthio)-2-benzylpropanamido) acetic acid and 2-benzyl-N-(2-hydroxyvinyl) acrylamide. The drug is more stable at neutral pH as compared to acidic and oxidative stress. Under acidic conditions, benzyl 2-(2-benzyl-3-mercaptopropanamido) acetate is the probable degradation product. A stability indicating HPLC method was developed for quantitation of RAC. A strict control should be exerted on the level of basic impurities in formulations.
Tekelan Leaves (Chromolaena odorata) Infusion and 10% Povidone-Iodine on Incision Wound Healing Process of Mice (Mus musculus) Infected with Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Budi Arif Caesar , Hamid Iwan Sahrial , Legowo Djoko
Published: October 2021

Skin is considered to be the most prone organ to injury and infection compared to other body organs. Skin infections are most commonly caused by Staphylococcus aureus. The most commonly used synthetic drugs to overcome skin problems is Povidone-iodine. Considering the Indonesian traditional method, injuries could be cured by dripping Tekelan leaves (Chromolaena odorata) infusion on the wounded skin area. This study aimed to compare the treatment effects of Tekelan leaves (Chromolaena odorata) infusion and povidone-iodine in the wound healing process of mice skin. The subjects of this study were 25 mice (Mus musculus) which were incised and infected with Staphylococcus aureus in 5 groups, namely, P0 (without treatment), P1 (povidone-iodine 10%), P2 (Tekelan infusion 5%), P3 (Tekelan infusion 10%), and P4 (Tekelan infusion 20%). Observations were made microscopically on wound conditions based on a total assessment of the four observed parameters (epithelization, inflammation rate, connective tissue proliferation, and angiogenesis). The results showed that the total observation value in the P0 and P2 groups was lower than the other groups. The P1 group obtained the highest score. The Kruskal-Wallis test showed a significant difference among the treatment groups (p < 0.05). While the Mann Whitney test indicated P1 had a significant difference with P0, P2, and P3, it had no significant difference with P4. It can be concluded that the Tekelan Leaves (Chromolaena odorata) infusion can be used as an alternative of povidone-iodine with an optimal concentration of 20%.
Geospatial Analysis of Coastal Flooding Effect on Soil and Vegetation in Ilaje Local Government Area of Ondo State, Nigeria
Authors: Adagbasa Efosa G. , Ige-Olumide Olusola O.
Published: October 2021

Soil salinity is believed to be mainly responsible for low land use as well as agricultural productivity in coastal regions of the world. The entire coastal area of Ondo State is affected by coastal flooding which causes saltwater to inundate the top and impregnates them with soluble salts, thereby rendering the soils and subsoils water saline. This study applied a Geo-information technique not only to identify and analyze floodable areas but also to access the salinity of soil and vegetation changes for a period of twenty-six years (26yrs). A random sampling method was used for soil samples. The data were integrated into a digitally Geo-referenced framework that enabled better understanding and knowledge of the problem. The result of the soil analysis shows elevated concentrations of the salt which exceeded the normal plant tolerant levels. The result of the salinity indicates that 63.34% of the study area is strongly affected by saline waters while 36.5% shows slight salinity. Soil salt levels in the coastal areas range from 8.0 to 48 ds/m. From 1986 to 2012 the vegetation index has dropped from + 1 to less than -1 which indicates that the health of the vegetation is seriously stressed and depreciating.

On pense que la salinité du sol est principalement responsable de la faible utilisation des terres ainsi que de la productivité agricole dans les régions côtières du monde. Toute la zone côtière de l'État d'Ondo est touchée par les inondations côtières qui provoquent l'inondation du sommet par l'eau salée et l'imprègne de sels solubles, rendant ainsi les sols et les sous-sols salés. Cette étude a appliqué une technique de géo-information non seulement pour identifier et analyser les zones inondables mais aussi pour accéder à la salinité des changements de sol et de végétation sur une période de vingt-six ans (26 ans). Une méthode d'échantillonnage aléatoire a été utilisée pour les échantillons de sol. Les données ont été intégrées dans un cadre numériquement géoréférencé qui a permis une meilleure compréhension et connaissance du problème. Le résultat de l'analyse du sol montre des concentrations élevées de sel qui dépassent les niveaux normaux de tolérance des plantes. Le résultat de la salinité indique que 63,34% de la zone d'étude est fortement affectée par les eaux salines alors que 36,5% montre une légère salinité. Les niveaux de sel du sol dans les zones côtières varient de 8,0 à 48 ds/m. De 1986 à 2012, l'indice de végétation est passé de +1 à moins de -1, ce qui indique que la santé de la végétation est sérieusement stressée et se déprécie.
KONSEP MASLAHAH MENURUT IMAM MALIK DAN AL-TUFI (STUDI KOMPARATIF TENTANG MASLAHAH IMAM MALIK DAN NAJM AL-DIN AL-TUFI)
Authors: Setiyawan Imas
Published: October 2021

Among the sources of Islamic law which is still disputed by scholars’ argument  is maslahah.  Some scholars reject it, but most agree make maslahah as one of the sources of Islamic law in matters of ijtihad.  Imam Malik considered as a pioneer scholar  who makes maslahah as one source of law ijtihadnya. His view was followed by the scholars 'other, one of whom is Najm al-Din al-Tufi, a cleric' Hambali. However, the twoleaders of thought are not the same, even in certain cases the difference is very sharp, although in certain parts have in common. In the view of Malik, maslahah serve as asource of Islamic law in matters which are not discussed formally by nas and ijma ', butmust not conflict with the spirit of the passage as a whole. In contrast, al-Tufi maslahahgood use in the problem discussed by nat/ijma ', or not. As for the area applications maslahah, both agree that  that maslahah only be used in matters mu'amalah.
How the Crowding-out Effect Hypothesis Stands Under a Financial System Liberalised: The Mexican Economy Case
Authors: Paez Benjamin Garcia
Published: October 2021

This paper revisits the financial-liberalisation hypothesis predicting one negative effect of public investment on private investment, which led to the de-regularisation of the financial system in Mexico and many other Less-developed Countries (LDCs) so as to probe whether such tenet hold today even when the role played by the public sector has evolved from having a direct intervention in credit allocation scheme to the fulfilment of a limited duties such as the surveillance of the money and capital markets under a financial liberalization environment. Considering Mexico as a case study, an econometric exercise over the 1970-2019 period is tried crunching official statistical data. Besides a brief introduction, the second section discusses theoretical issues concerning the effects of public investment on private investment, likewise some empirical work done in this field. The third section develops the methodology used to taste the net effect of public investment on private investment and presents also the results estimates. Finally, some conclusions derived from the empirical evidence found in the analysis and a brief discussion are laid down.
מִשׂחּוק
Authors: מצה ענבל , אסף מירב
Published: October 2021

המושג מִשְׂחוּק (gamification) מתאר שימוש באלמנטים הקשורים לעולם המשחק, ביישום במצבים שאינם משחקיים. גורמים רבים משלבים מרכיבי משחק כדי לקדם מעורבות רבה יותר של קהל היעד לשם קידום פעילות גופנית, מעורבות באתרים וברשתות חברתיות, הצלחה בפעילות למידה ועוד. הרציונל לשימוש במִשְׂחוּק מתבסס על מספר תיאוריות פסיכולוגיות התנהגותיות וחברתיות, ביניהן הנעה מחיזוקים, ובעיקר חיזוקים מיידיים, וסיפוק מהשוואת ביצועים אישיים ביחס למשתתפים אחרים. קיים צורך בשימוש מושכל ברכיבי מִשְׂחוּק בלמידה ובהוראה. גיוס המשחק להגברת ההנאה ולהנעה ללמידה הוא חשוב ואפקטיבי. יש להעדיף רכיבים המקדמים סקרנות ועניין, ולכוון לביצוע משימות מאתגרות הדורשות שיתופי פעולה.
קהילות מעשה מתוקשבות
Authors: סולומוביץ ליאור , סולומוביץ שי
Published: October 2021

קהילת מעשה היא סוג אחד מתוך שלושה סוגים של קהילות מבוססות למידה. "קהילת מעשה" היא מערכת למידה חברתית המתאפיינת בתחום עניין משותף ובמוכנות לקבל את החברים בקהילה כשותפים. חברי הקהילה חולקים זה עם זה תחומי עניין משותפים, מטרות ובעיות משותפות. הם מתעמקים בנושא מסוים באמצעות דיון מתמשך הכולל העלאת שאלות, רעיונות, קונפליקטים ומציאת פתרונות. הם מתקשרים בקביעות ומגדירים את השיטות, את היישומים ואת התהליכים המועילים להם ביותר לשכלול והוספה למאגר הידע המשותף. בדרך זו הקהילה מטפחת אינטראקציות ויחסים המבוססים על כבוד ואמון הדדי שתורמים לבניית קשרים בתוך הקהילה ולצבירת ניסיון רב. קהילת מעשה מתוקשבת היא התפתחות עכשווית של קהילת מעשה. היא צומחת, בדרך כלל, מתוך הקושי של המשתתפים להיפגש פנים אל פנים.
הוראת הכתיב בשילוב משחק אנלוגיות לשוניות ממוחשב
Authors: הר-צבי (הכהן) שירלי , נוריאל חן
Published: October 2021

איות הוא תהליך קוגניטיבי מורכב, ובו מעורבות יכולות לשוניות ומטה־לשוניות מגוּונות. כאשר אנשים מאייתים מילים, הם משתמשים בלקסיקון שלהם השמור בזיכרון. אם ידע זה אינו מספק, הם משתמשים בידע הלשוני שלהם. ככל שהכותבים מודעים לאפיונים הלשוניים של השפה, הם מאייתים נכון את המילים. הגישה המטה־לשונית כוללת הקניית מודעות לאפיונים לשוניים, היכולת לדון ברכיבים אלו בצורה מפורשת וליישם אותם בכתיבה. משחק מחשב מטה־קוגניטיבי שיתרגל אנלוגיות לשוניות, כמו אנלוגיות פונולוגיות ומורפולוגיות, הכוללות את צורני התוספת השונים בשפה העברית יוכל לקדם את יכולת הכתיב, את יכולת הדיוק ואת מיומנויות החשיבה. תוכנית התערבות יעילה ומיטבית בתחום הכתיב צריכה להיבנות לאחר שנערך מבחן מקדים, הממפה את יכולות הכתיב של התלמידים. התלמידים יוכלו ללמוד באמצעות המשחק רק את צורני התוספת הספציפיים שבהם הם התקשו במבחן המקדים וכך יוכלו לשפר את הישגיהם ביתר יעילות.
PENGUKURAN KINERJA PERUSAHAAN BERDASARKAN BALANCE SCORECARD PADA PT. BPR NBP 17 SUNGGAL MEDAN
Authors: Situmeang Nico M.T.
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this study was to measure the performance of companies BPR NBP 17 based on the Balanced Scorecard. The population in this study are the financial statements and reports that are non-financial since starting up in 1995 to 2011. The sample was non-financial data and financial data is for 3 years ie 2009-2011. Data collection techniques in this study is a documentation technique. Techniques of data analysis in this research is descriptive method.

From the results of research and discussion, it is concluded that the level of ROA and ROE 17 BPR NBP increased since 2009-2011, and the increase in customers from year to year, but more emphasis needs to be improved in a more friendly customer service. 17 BPR NBP performance of internal business process perspective is relatively poor. It is shown from the years 2009-2011 the number of customer complaints against the company level has increased from year to year and is still a lack of customer service processes. 17 BPR NBP performance from the perspective of learning and growth is not good.

It can be seen from the number of employees who attended training from year to year decline and not programmed training provided toemplo yees of the company.
PENGARUH RASIO LIQUIDITAS, RASIO LEVERAGE DAN RASIO AKTIVITAS TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN LABA, STUDY EMPIRIS PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR BARANG KONSUMSI YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Sitanggang Abdonsius
Published: October 2021

This study aims to identify and analyze the effect of liquidity ratio (curent ratio, leverage ratio (debt ratio) and the ratio of activity (total asset turnover) of the profit growth in consumer goods manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2008. The formulation of the problem is: Do curent ratio, debt ratio and total asset turnover effect on profit growth in consumer goods manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange?

The population of this research is the consumer goods manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2008. The technique of sampling is a sampling technique that is easy (purposive sampling). Samples taken in this study is the income statement and balance sheet total of 32 companies manufacturing consumer goods companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2008. Data analysis and hypothesis testing is done by using a multiple linear regression model.

The results were obtained curent Ratio (CR), Debt Ratio (DR), and Total Assets Turnover (TATO) and significant positive effect on earnings growth in consumer goods manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange. Partially that curent Ratio (CR) bepengaruh negative and significant profit growth; Debt Ratio (DR) and a significant negative effect on earnings growth, and Total Assets Turnover (TATO) and significant positive effect on earnings growth in consumer goods manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange.
PERBANDINGAN KINERJA BANK PEMERINTAH DENGAN BANK NASIONAL YANG TELAH GO PUBLIK DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Silaban Pasaman
Published: October 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk untuk menganalisis kinerja keuangan Bank Nasional dan Bank BUMN periode 2009 â€“ 2011. Untuk menganalisis perbedaan kinerja keuangan Bank Nasional dengan Bank BUMN 2009 â€“ 2011 dengan menggunakan proksi rasio keuangan CAR, RORA, NPM, ROA dan LDR. Penelitian ini menerapkan metode survey terhadap 18 Bank yang telah tercatat di BEJ. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Data penelitian dianalisis dengan teknik Independent Samples T Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan Capital Adequacy Ratio Loan to Deposit Ratio, dan Call Money antar Bank Nasional dengan Bank BUMN. Capital Adequacy Ratio kedua bank masih berada di atas kriteria kondisi baik yang ditetapkan Bank Indonesia, yaitu melebihi 8%. Kinerja keuangan dilihat dari RORA, ROA, NPM menunjukkan bahwa kinerja Bank BUMN lebih baik jika dibandingkan dengan Bnak Naisonal. Bank Nasional dengan Bank BPTN memiliki kualitas aktiva produktif berbeda, tampak dari seperti kredit yang diberikan bank dan telah dicairkan, penempatan pada surat berharga, baik surat berharga pasar uang maupun surat berharga pasar modal.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KUALITAS INFORMASI LAPORAN KEUANGAN PADA PEMERINTAH KOTA MEDAN
Authors: Manurung Amran , Fau Sinarihati
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this research is to know the factors effect the quality of financial statement information on city government Medan. Based on the government regulation number 71 of 2010, the quality of financial statement information of central and regional government must fulfill qualitative characteristic. The factors are researched such as the competency of human resources, the system of internal contol, and the use of information technology

The collecting data are done by giving questioner to 40 respondents which are SKPD staff.at the agency of regional financial management on city government Medan. All questioners are returned completely. The data are analized by using SPSS.

The result of this research showed that significant value > 0,05 and it can be concluded that the variable of human resources did not have significant effect to the quality of financial statement information. And the significant value < 0,05 and it can be concluded that the system of internal control and the use of information technology has significant effect to the quality of financial statement. Based on F-test, the significant value < 0,05 and F-count > F-table and can be concluded that the variable of human resourses, the system of internal control and the use of information technology has positive effect simultenously to the quality of financial statement.
ANALISIS TREN PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI BERBAGAI SEKTOR DI KABUPATEN TOBA SAMOSIR
Authors: Sihaloho Henrykus
Published: October 2021

The goals of this research were to acquire overview of economic growth trend on several sectors and to identify the potency of the economic growth describing the conditions will be developed. Agriculture and industry was two main sector in forming Toba Samosir Regencyâ€™s Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) at Current Market Prices 2009-2013 in 2013 and contributing over two third GDRP of Toba Samosir Regency. Although agricultural GRDP was increasing every year, but the contribution of this sector tend to decrease proportionally. There were three sector had location quotientâ€™s score (LQ score over 1, namely agriculture, industry, and electricity, gas, and water sectors. This figure showed the economic growth acceleration was greater than the same sector in North Sumatera Province. LQ scoreâ€™s agriculture at constant market prices in 2013 was almost twice than industry. It meant the potency of agriculture was almost twofold than industry.
PENGARUH RASIO KEUANGAN DALAM MEMPREDIKSI POTENSI KEBANGKRUTAN PADA PERUSAHAAN CUSTOMER GOODS YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Sagala Lamria
Published: October 2021

This study aims to identify and analyze the influence of Current Ratio, Debt To Assets Ratio, Return on Assets, and Earning Per Share partially or simultaneously to the prediction of financial distress on customer goods companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange.The population in this study is a company customer goods listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2010-2012. Of the 36 listed companies, 32 companies selected samples using purposive sampling method. The data used in this research is secondary data, to gather the information needed from www.idx.co.id and Indonesian Capital Market Directory (ICMD). This study analyzed using logistic regression analysis. The conclusion that can be drawn from this study is that the Current Ratio, Debt To Assets Ratio, Return on Assets, and earning per share has an influence on the prediction of financial distress. While only partially Debt To Assets Ratio which has a significant influence on the prediction of financial distress while the three other independentvariables have no effect on financial distress prediction.
APLIKASI THEORY OF REASONED ACTION UNTUK MEMPREDIKSI PERILAKU KONSUMEN DALAM PEMBELIAN SEPEDA MOTOR YAMAHA VIXION (Studi Kasus : Mahasiswa Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi IT&B Medan)
Authors: Simbolon Sahat
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze the application of theory of reasoned action in predicting consumer behavior to buy a Motorcycles Yamaha Vixion. Objective to investigate the influence of consumer confidence and the evaluation will result in a partial and simultaneous on consumer attitudes, to determine the effect of normative beliefs and motivations of consumers and simultaneously to partially subjective norms, to determine the effect of consumer attitudes and subjective norms, and simultaneous partial to behaveor interests . The benefits of research to provide inputs for the company in formulating and developing marketing strategies. to contribute to other researchers in the development of the theory of consumer behavior developed by Ajzen and M. Fishbein. Total sample of 142 respondents, the type of data used primary and secondary data and data collection tools and documentation koesioner. Data analysis tools used multiple regression.

The results showed consumer confidence coefficient and evaluation will have value positive effect on consumer attitudes, normative beliefs and motivation variables consumers have a positive value on subjective norms, as well as variables in consumer attitudes and subjective norms have positive value to the interest behaveor. Based on t test and F test showed that consumer confidence and the evaluation will have a significant effect partially and simultaneously on consumer attitudes, normative belief and motivation of consumers having a significant effect on partial and simultaneous subjective norms, consumer attitudes and subjective norms have an influence significant and simultaneous partial to behave interest to buy a motorcycle Yamaha Vixion.
ANALISIS PENGARUH FAKTOR FUNDAMENTAL DAN PASAR TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Karo-Karo Anastasia F. , Silalahi Donalson
Published: October 2021

This study aimed to analyze the influence Earning Per Share, Return on Equity, Book Value, Growth Company and market factors, namely Capitalization Rate on stock price on manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange. The object of this research is manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange 2010-2012 period who actively publish the financial statements in the period of observation. In this study, the data collected is of secondary data is data obtained indirectly from the object of research. Therefore, in this study the data capture technique using the documentation techniques. The procedure of sample selection is purposive sampling and analysis model used is the Multiple regression to test the hypothesis that the t test and F test and also performed classical assumption. The results showed that the Earning Per Share, Return on Equity, Book Value positive and significant effect on stock prices and capitalization rates and a significant negative effect on stock prices. Based on the test results indicate that simultaneous Earning Per Share, Return on Equity, Book Value, Growth companies and capitalization rates affect stock prices. Variations independent variable Earning Per Share, Return on Equity, Book Value, Growth companies and capitalization rate is able to explain the variation in stock prices by 95.64%.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI TINGKAT KEPUASAN PENGGUNA HOTSPOT (WIFI) (Studi Kasus Mahasiswa Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Katolik Santo Thomas Sumatera Utara)
Authors: Sagala Roslinda
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this study to analyze the effect of signal coverage hotspot (wifi), ease of access hotspots (wifi), access speed hotspot (wifi), and the comfort of hotspot access (wifi) and simultaneous partial effect on the level of user satisfaction. To determine whether the most influential factor / dominant on the level of user satisfaction hotspot (wifi) in the Faculty of Economics, Catholic University of St. Thomas SU. The benefits of this study, those authors. Comparing theories - theories that have been explored for this through research conducted, as well as develop analytical and critical thinking skills to the problems that exist, For private university. As input and consideration for Private Higher Education to develop the quality of education as an institution of higher education with the needs and desires of students. Total sample of 45 respondents, the method of collecting data through questioner and documentation, methods of data analysis by factor analysis.

The results showed that: Coverage hotspot signal (wifi). These variables have a dominant influence on the level of user satisfaction hotspot (wifi) in the Faculty of Economics of St. Thomas Catholic University of North Sumatra. Ease of access hotspots (wifi) proved to be the dominant influence on the level of user satisfaction hotspot (wifi) in the Faculty of Economics of St. Thomas Catholic University of North Sumatra. Students are quite satisfied with the speed of hotspot access (wifi). These variables proved the dominant influence on the level of user satisfaction hotspot (wifi) within the Faculty of Economics, Catholic University of St. Thomas North Sumatra. Influence comfort hotspot access (wifi) on the level of user satisfaction hotspot (wifi). Based on the data that has been processed and analyzed, it can be concluded that the comfort of the hotspot access (wifi) has dominant influence on the level of user satisfaction hotspot (wifi) Variable comfort hotspot access (wifi) positive effect on the level of user satisfaction hotspot (wifi). Thus increasing the speed of hotspot access (wifi) will be followed by increased user satisfaction.

Based on the research results Party IT Santo Thomas Catholic University of North Sumatra should maintain speed hostpot access (wifi). Researchers further should expand the scope of survey respondents, not only at the Faculty of Economics, Catholic University of St. Thomas North Sumatra, but it could be in the Faculty - other faculties. Researchers should be able to further expand variables - variables examined, because it is possible there are many factors - other factors that could affect user satisfaction hotspot (wifi).
EFFECT OF PERCEPTION OF QUALITY, PRICE, ITS REPUTATION AND CUSTOMER SATISFACTION ON PURCHASE DECISION AVIATION SERVICES (Case Study: Customer Services Flights PT. Lion Air)
Authors: Simanihuruk Peran
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this study to analyze the influence of perceived quality, price, the company's reputation and customer satisfaction partially and simultaneously to the purchase decision-making aviation services. Benefits Research, provide empirical evidence about the influence of the variables that can influence the purchasing decision of customers, and provide a solution in the form of advice to the management of these variables. For the community. providing knowledge to the community, especially for those who want to engage in the world of business and relating to the maintenance of the brand as well as maintaining the presence of the customer. For education, contributing to the academic community about the importance of managing the variables that can influence the purchasing decision of the consumer through the perception of quality, price, the company's reputation and customer satisfaction.

Total sample of 96 respondents, the method of collecting data through questioner and documentation, methods of data analysis by regression. The results of the regression equation: PKP = 10.034 + .018 + PK 0,873H 0,17RP + .705KP. meaning that the variable perception of quality, price, the company's reputation and customer satisfaction has a positive influence on the purchase decision aviation services. Of the four variables that have more influence on the purchase decision is the variable price of aviation services. The correlation coefficient variable perception of quality, price, the company's reputation and customer satisfaction to the purchase decision aviation services have a very strong relationship with the value of r = .743. The coefficient of determination of r2 = .552049, meaning that the variable perception of quality, price, reputation and customer satisfaction Company was able to explain 55.2% of the purchase decision-making airline, while 44.8% are influenced by other factors. Based on t test, t value (Price and Customer Satisfaction)> t table means in partial, price and customer satisfaction has a significant influence on the purchase decision-making aviation services. While the t (perception of the quality and reputation of the company) â‰¤ t partial table does not have a significant influence on the purchase decision-making aviation services. By F test, F count (variable perception of quality, price, the company's reputation and customer satisfaction)> F table, meaning that simultaneous variables has a significant influence on the purchase decision aviation services.

Based on the results of the study should the company need to increase the perception of quality through improved service quality and reputation of the company through increased attributes offered through its products. Customer satisfaction and price becomes the center of attention of the customer, then the management should still be able to maintain it so that it has a very high competitiveness
PENGARUH VOLUME PERDAGANGAN SAHAM DAN HARGA SAHAM TERHADAP BID-ASK SPREAD STUDI PADA PERUSAHAAN-PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Nainggolan Ruminsar , Silalahi Donalson
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of stock trading volume and stock prices on bid-ask spreads on manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The population in research is 155 companies and by using purposive sampling as sampling technique, then the sample in this research is 46 company. The data used are secondary data and use multiple regression equation as an analytical tool.

Based on the results of the research it can be argued that, trading volume and stock prices have a negative and significant effect on the bid-ask spread both before and after the data grouping. The results also show that stock trading in Indonesia Stock Exchange is liquid.

Investors or potential investors who want to invest in the capital market should make trading volume and stock price as a reference in making investment decisions, because simultaneously these two variables have a significant effect on bid-ask spreads.
ANALISIS VERTIKAL DAN HORIZONTAL TERHADAP LAPORAN KEUANGAN PT PERKEBUNAN NUSANTARA III (PESERO) MEDAN
Authors: Tinambunan Anitha Paulina
Published: October 2021

This study aims to see the development of assets, profit / loss and observe financial ratios as projected financial performance of PT Perkebunan Nusantara III (PTPN III) Medan for the last 3 years ie the period of 2010 until 2012. From the results of vertical analysis known factors Causing the fluctuation of PTPN III financial ratios are: a) Liquidity increases due to the decrease in short-term liabilities; B) Solvency increases as a result of the increase in total debt; C) The creditability of accounts receivable collectability has improved; D) The profitability of a company decreases due to lower net income, increased assets and equity; E) Declining profitability is caused by the global economic crisis. While the results of comparison analysis are: 1) Current assets increased in 2011 and decreased in 2012 resulting from a reduction in cash, cash equivalent of third party receivables; 2) Fixed assets due to increased ownership of facilities / infrastructure and buildings; 3) Short-term debt increased in 2011 but decreased in 2012 due to decreased contractor debt, tax debt and bank debt; 4) Long-term debt increased due to increased deferred employee benefits and deferred tax liabilities; 5) Increased equity caused by increased issued and paid-up capital of the company; 6) Reduced net sales of palm oil, rubber and palm kernel and its derivatives due to falling selling prices; 7) Net income increased in 2011 but in 2012 is reduced and far from the planned company.