bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Engineering Melbourne’s “Great Structural- Functional Idea”: Aspects of the Victorian Post-war “Rapprôchement” between Architecture and Engineering
Authors: Maranelli Francesco
Published: August 2022

In 1963, Robin Boyd wrote about a post-war “rapprôchement” between the disciplines of structural engineering and architecture. Etymologically, the term suggests the movement of two entities that draw closer to each other, either in an unprecedented fashion or resuming a suspended interaction.

World War II and the “anxieties and stimulations” of the post-war period, to use Boyd’s expression, accelerated the process of overcoming longstanding educational and professional disciplinary barriers. They were the driving forces behind what he denominated the “great structural-functional idea” of the 1950s. Architecture schools embraced modernist/functionalist ideals, producing graduates with considerable technical knowledge - true “romantic engineers.” The global post-war fascination with unconventional structures played its part. Occasionally, Antoine Picon argues, architecture’s “symbolic and aesthetic discourses” walk a “strictly technical path.” Under the banner of Le Corbusier’s Esthétique de l’Ingénieur, architecture and engineering converged.

New technologies made collaborations with engineers habitual. According to Andrew Saint, however, partnerships were rarely affairs of equals since “architectural jobs came to architects first.” The diversification and growing number of engineers also transformed them into a labour force, Picon suggests, affecting their prestige and, possibly, their historiographical fortune. Scholarship on post-war Melbourne architecture has generally privileged the architect as the protagonist in the creation of innovative structures, only occasionally acknowledging consultants. This does not reflect the concerted nature of design commissions and frequent evanescence of disciplinary boundaries.

This paper aims to highlight the major playing grounds for this alignment within design professions. It also hints at the complex relationship between the contributions of Victorian engineers and their recognition by post-war newspapers and architectural journals, opening the analysis of Melbourne’s post-war architecture to the discourse of professional representation and arguing the importance of “unbiased” histories of the built environment.
The Sleepout
Authors: Carter Nanette
Published: August 2022

Going to bed each night in a sleepout—a converted verandah, balcony or small free-standing structure was, for most of the 20th century, an everyday Australian experience, since homes across the nation whether urban, suburban, or rural, commonly included a space of this kind.

The sleepout was a liminal space that was rarely a formal part of a home’s interior, although it was often used as a semi-permanent sleeping quarter. Initially a response to the discomfort experienced during hot weather in 19th century bedrooms and encouraged by the early 20th century enthusiasm for the perceived benefits of sleeping in fresh air, the sleepout became a convenient cover for the inadequate supply of housing in Australian cities and towns and provided a face-saving measure for struggling rural families. Acceptance of this solution to over-crowding was so deep and so widespread that the Commonwealth Government built freestanding sleepouts in the gardens of suburban homes across Australia during the crisis of World War II to house essential war workers. Rather than disappearing at the war’s end, these were sold to homeowners and occupied throughout the acute post-war housing shortage of the 1940s and 1950s, then used into the 1970s as a space for children to play and teenagers to gain some privacy.

This paper explores this common feature of Australian 20th century homes, a regional tradition which has not, until recently, been the subject of academic study. Exploring the attitudes, values and policies that led to the sleepout’s introduction, proliferation and disappearance, it explains that despite its ubiquity in the first three-quarters of the 20th century, the sleepout slipped from Australia’s national consciousness during a relatively brief period of housing surplus beginning in the 1970s. As the supply of affordable housing has declined in the 21st century, the free-standing sleepout or studio has re-emerged, housing teenagers of low-income families.
Making with the Past: Bricolages in Wang Shu’s Design Writings and Built Projects
Authors: Jin Xin
Published: August 2022

This study explores how design research writing can engage with historical reference in a radical way. In the 2002 essay “Shijian Tingzhi de Chengshi” (“City Froze in Time”), based on Chapter 2 of his 2000 PhD thesis, Xugou Chengshi (Fictionalising City), the Chinese architect Wang Shu proposes reinterpreting the traditional Chinese architecture and city through the anthropologist Claude Lévi-Strauss’s notion of “bricolage”, which is defined as making do with available objects. Bricolage is informative for understanding Wang’s design undertakings, which involve skilful adaptations of vernacular building types and construction techniques in new urban projects. Nevertheless, its fundamental role in shaping Wang’s design writings is yet to be fully understood. In his design writings, Wang employs a specific quotation method whereby words and paragraphs from other writers’ preexisting works are reused and woven into new textual compositions. Through formal analysis of “City Froze in Time” and comparisons of compositional patterns between the essay and Wang’s built projects, mainly the Xiangshan Campus of the China Academy of Art, Phase II, Hangzhou (2007) and the Ningbo History Museum, Ningbo (2008), this piece explores three issues. First, it demonstrates how textual fragments found in the past and uttered by others undergo bricolage in Wang’s essay. Second, it foregrounds the intention behind Wang’s chosen writing strategy and investigates broader critical issues, such as authorship and the past–present nonlinear order associated with Wang’s strategy. Third, it expresses how historical materials – understanding “materials” in an inclusive sense – are treated in comparable ways in Wang’s written and built works. By examining Wang’s case, this paper highlights a radical case of contemporary architectural research writing in which an attempt is made to demolish the boundary between theory and design by extending the make-do logic of design into the field of design reflection.
Untimely Meditations: Decomposition and Timelessness in Select Writings of Peter Eisenman
Authors: Jasper Michael
Published: August 2022

This paper investigates one aspect in the work of architect, educator and theorist Peter Eisenman (b 1932) through the filter of select writings from the mid 1980s. It does this by examining two texts published in 1984, a period characterised as one of rupture if not emphatically in crisis. The writings considered are “The Futility of Objects: Decomposition and the Processes of Difference” and “The End of the Classical: the End of the Beginning, the End of the End”. Secondary authors referenced include Robin Evans, Kenneth Frampton and Raphael Moneo. The paper conjectures that certain approaches such as Eisenman’s to materials and phenomena from architecture’s past can open new conditions of possibility for architecture today. A number of questions are asked: By what means and in what forms are Eisenman’s thinking about architecture in a moment of crisis revealed in these essays? Which architectural qualities and form generation devices does Eisenman discern in the past? How might the processes for interrogating architecture’s past as displayed in the two essays inform an approach to architecture today? The paper adds to scholarship on Eisenman, examining a little studied facet of his work in a period marked by swerves in his thinking. In a conference that seeks to identify a spectrum of disciplinary positions, the paper contributes to discussions around conference thematic sub-stream Design Practice and Education in its consideration of one stance vis-à-vis architecture’s past.
A Conceptual Framework for Architectural Historiography
Authors: Lu Duanfang
Published: August 2022

Architectural history used to be part of art history, but has been gradually distanced from the latter as architecture develops as an independent modern discipline. Despite debates on architectural historiography in recent decades, architecture as a unique type of historically situated aesthetic objects and design products has not been adequately addressed. To further an independence from art history, and to re-center architecture itself in historical analysis, this article highlights three essential natures of architecture which differentiate it from other types of aesthetic objects (such as painting and sculpture) and design products (such as cars and furniture), while asserting its situated materiality: architecture orders bodily activities and conditions human existence; it necessitates the integration of techne, technology, materials, and labor in construction; and it is a collective expressive medium which is shaped by and contributes to the interaction between different social forces. Based on the above propositions, this article provides an upgraded version of the Vitruvian Triad, with the existential replacing utilitatis (utility), the constructive replacing firmitatis (stability), and the interactive replacing venustatis (beauty).
Two Conceptualisations of Change in Architectural History: Towards Driving Pro-sustainable Change in Architecture
Authors: Petrović Emina Kristina
Published: August 2022

At the time when it is important to act on the Climate Emergency and other pro-sustainable efforts, the key question is how to drive change. This paper examines two conceptualisations of change in architectural history in an attempt to support a better understanding of architecture-specific conceptualisations of change itself. Such understanding could offer real value in articulating how to drive pro-sustainable change in architecture.

The paper identifies two conceptualisations of change which are easily found in existing writing on change in architectural history. One such conceptualisation considers architectural developments in terms of cyclical styles, or triads of early, high, and decadent stages of development of styles. Attributed to the 18th century writing of Johann Joachim Winckelmann on ancient Greek art, this conceptualisation presents one useful interpretation which links the change with natural growth. A simpler conceptualisation of two-point change is interpreted using the minor/major interpretations of change, as developed by Joan Ockman, based on the work of Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari.

The key proposition is that the selected historical examples of conceptualisation of change reveal useful aspects of the past patterns of change in architecture. These might help understand how to drive needed change now. One critical factor in the transition which is facing us now, is that in contrast to many past transitions which were driven by technological innovation, current transition requires development of technologies capable to support the change which is scientifically proven as needed and real. Therefore, some of the historical natural ease of the past transitions in the current contexts needs active driving of change.

Without an intention to propose a holistic new framework, the main value of this paper is that it identifies some of the key conceptualisations which are evident in architectural history and that could be useful in driving pro-sustainable change.
Becoming Ultra-Civic: The Completion of Queen’s Square, Sydney 1962-1978
Authors: Harper Glenn
Published: August 2022

Declaring in the late 1950s that Sydney City was in much need of a car free civic square, Professor Denis Winston, Australia’s first chair in town and country planning at the University of Sydney, was echoing a commonly held view on how to reconfigure the city for a modern-day citizen.

Queen’s Square, at the intersection of Macquarie Street and Hyde Park, first conceived in 1810 by Governor Lachlan Macquarie, remained incomplete until 1978 when it was developed as a pedestrian only plaza by the NSW Government Architect under a different set of urban intentions. By relocating the traffic bound statue of Queen Victoria (1888) onto the plaza and demolishing the old Supreme Court complex (1827), so that nearby St James’ Church (1824) could becoming freestanding alongside a new multi-storey Commonwealth Supreme Court building (1975), by the Sydney-based practise of McConnel Smith and Johnson, the civic and social ambition of this pedestrian space was assured. Now somewhat overlooked in the history of Sydney’s modern civic spaces, the adjustment in the design of this square during the 1960s translated the reformed urban design agenda communicated in CIAM 8, the heart of the city (1952), a post-war treatise developed and promoted by the international architect and polemicist, Josep Lluis Sert.

This paper examines the completion of Queen’s Square in 1978. Along with the symbolic role of the project, that is, to provide a plaza as a social instrument in humanising the modern-day city, this project also acknowledged the city’s colonial settlement monuments beside a new law court complex; and in a curious twist in fate, involving curtailing the extent of the proposed plaza so that the colonial Supreme Court was retained, the completion of Queen’s Square became ultra – civic.
Chinese Public Memorials: Under the Effect of Exclusively Pursuing Solemnness, Sacredness, and Grandness
Authors: Zhu Jie , Stevens Quentin , Anderson Charles
Published: August 2022

Authentic public memorials did not appear in the Chinese public space until the late 19th century. As a result of Western influence, many war memorials were built during the Republic of China era (1912-1949). Since the establishment of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, the government has invested much in developing public spaces. Also, the government placed many memorials in Chinese cities to shape collective memory and urban identity. The affection of solemnness, sacredness, and grandness is the main affection that most memorials are intended to embody, particularly those that commemorate famous people, the government’s achievement, and the deceased from natural disasters and wars.

By taking the example of memorials built from 1942 to the present in Chongqing, China, this paper critically examines changes over time in the forms. In addition, taking the analysis result from memorial forms as a base and combining widely cited literature in Chinese and English, the paper further explores the negative impacts of the intensive focus of solemnness, sacredness, and grandness.

This paper’s analysis identifies standard, persistent and symbolic features in Chinese memorials, despite the diverse landscape elements and advanced construction techniques. Key themes emerge from this research are solemnness, sacredness, and grandness. Also, it reveals the issues raised by the exclusive pursuit of these affections, including similar memorial forms, insufficient engagement of memorials, and the unitary research topics on memorials.
Foreign Aid and Modern Architecture in Indonesia: Intersecting Cold War Relations and Funding for the Fourth Asian Games, 1962
Authors: Widyarta Mohammad
Published: August 2022

Between 1950 and 1965, foreign aid played a crucial role within the Indonesian economy. With the Cold War as a backdrop, this aid came from both Western and Eastern blocs with the intention of drawing Indonesia into their spheres of influence. The aid also played a crucial role in the development of architecture in the archipelago. A major endeavour within this period was the construction of buildings and venues for the Fourth Asian Games to be held in Jakarta in 1962 which involved a new stadium, an international-standard hotel and a large by-pass road around part of the city. Financial and technical aid from the Soviet Union, Japan and the United States was obtained to realise these projects. All the while, the Asian Games, along with the modern structures constructed for the event, provided Indonesia an opportunity to advance its own agenda, which was to construct a sense of self-confidence and national pride and to situate itself as a leader among decolonised nations. Nevertheless, foreign financial and technical aid played an important role in the realisation of these projects. The availability of foreign aid was intrinsically tied to President Ahmad Sukarno’s ability to play the interests of all sides.

This paper examines plans and preparations for the Fourth Asian Games as a case of engagement between the two Cold War blocs with Indonesia in the middle. By focusing on the key building projects for the Games, the paper reveals the role of foreign aid in the development of architecture in Indonesia during a critical period in its post-war and post-independence formation. This development took place through the interaction of different interests—those of the Western Bloc, the Eastern Bloc, and Indonesia—in the midst of the Cold War and decolonisation period. A glimpse into the interaction may suggest a case of competition. However, examination of the three projects indicates that it was a case of multipolar collaboration instead.
Alan Gilbert and Sarah Lo in Reform Era China and Hong Kong: A NSW Architect in Asia
Authors: Corkhill Anna , Srivastava Amit
Published: August 2022

This paper is based on archival research done for a larger project looking at the impact of emergent transnational networks in Asia on the work of New South Wales architects. During the period of the Cultural Revolution in China (1966-1976), the neighbouring territories of Macau and Hong Kong served as centres of resistance, where an expatriate population interested in traditional Asian arts and culture would find growing support and patronage amongst the elite intellectual class. This brought influential international actors in the fields of journalism, filmmaking, art and architecture to the region, including a number of Australian architects.

This paper traces the history of one such Australian émigré, Alan Gilbert, who arrived in Macau in 1963 just before the Cultural Revolution and continued to work as a professional filmmaker and photojournalist documenting the revolution. In 1967 he joined the influential design practice of Dale and Patricia Keller (DKA) in Hong Kong, where he met his future wife Sarah Lo. By the mid 1970s both Alan Gilbert and Sarah Lo had left to start their own design practice under Alan Gilbert and Associates (AGA) and Innerspace Design. The paper particularly explores their engagement with ‘reform-era’ China in the late 1970s and early 1980s when they secured one of the first and largest commissions awarded to a foreign design firm by the Chinese government to redesign a series of nine state- run hotels, two of which, the Minzu and Xiyuan Hotels in Beijing, are discussed here.
Future Perspectives and Role of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Inhibitors in Oncology
Authors: Halasiddappa Manohara B
Published: August 2022

Clinical Trials of anti-angiogenic drugs have reported their potential in inhibiting cancer. Clinical development has been amplified significantly over the last few years, seeking its positive impact on oncology. Presently, three direct inhibitors associated with Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) pathway are approved in cancer therapy. Other agents actively blocking the VEGF pathway are in progressive phases of clinical development and have revealed up-and-coming outcomes. With the advent of such innovations, some critical doubts and queries concerning the use of novel molecular-targeted agents have arisen. Primarily, the action mechanisms of VEGF inhibitors are yet not precise. The current study has reviewed the progress, futuristic perspectives, and role of VEGF inhibitors in oncology while emphasizing an explanation of the underlying mechanisms of action of Vascular Endothelial Growth factor inhibitors.
Teknolojik Alet-İnternet Kullanımının 0-3 Yaş Aralığındaki Çocukların Dil Gelişimlerine Etkisi
Authors: ASLAN Melda Sultan , ERKAYA Esra , OĞUZ Özlem
Published: August 2022

Bu çalışmada 8-36 ay aralığında olan ve tipik gelişim gösteren çocukların erken dönem dil gelişimini; çeşitli dil bileşenleri çerçevesinde ölçmek, teknoloji ile bağlantısını karşılaştırmak, değerlendirmek ve yorumlamak amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın katılımcı grubunu 8-36 ay aralığında tipik gelişim gösteren 52 çocuk katılımcı ve ebeveyn/bakıcı konumundaki 52 yetişkin oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama araçları olarak Katılımcı Bilgi Formu, Teknolojik Aletler ve İnternet Kullanımı Anket Formu, Türkçe İletişim Gelişimi Envanteri (TİGE 1-2) ve Ankara Gelişim Tarama Envanteri (AGTE) kullanılmıştır. Toplanan veriler SPSS-26 paket programına aktarıldıktan sonra verilerin yüzde/frekans değerleri hesaplanmış, gruplar arası farklılıkları ve değişkenler arası ilişkileri ölçmek amacı ile çeşitli istatistiksel analizler yapılmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda, 8-36 ay aralığındaki çocuklardan %86,5’inin en az bir teknolojik alet kullandığı bulgulanmıştır. Çocuğun tablet, akıllı telefon, televizyon ve internet kullanıp kullanmaması ile AGTE ve TİGE puanları arasında anlamlı bir farklılık bulunamamıştır. Araştırmaya katılan ebeveynin okuma alışkanlığına sahip olması ile çocuğuyla kitap okuma etkinliği gerçekleştirmesi arasında anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmuştur.
Opportunities and econometrics for rice (Oryza sativa) fallow pulses in north coastal Andhra Pradesh
Authors: SRINIVAS T , SRIDHAR T V , BABU G PRASAD , NAIDU D CHINNAMA , CHENDRAYUDU E , RAMBABU P
Published: August 2022

The present study was carried out during 2022 at the Biotech KISAN Hub unit, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Banavasi. Constraints in production of fallow pulse crop along with the strategies to overcome them were discussed and addressed in north coastal districts (Srikakulam and Visakhapatnam), which have increased the pulse production and at the same time improved the net returns of the farmers. Majority of the farmers in these districts are small farmers (>85%) and low to medium in their knowledge and adoption levels on sustainable agricultural practices. This project also enhanced the knowledge levels of the farmers pertaining to the benefit and importance of rice fallow pulse cropping and the farmers are ready to adapt this cropping pattern. Rice fallow pulse cropping not only improves the socio-economic status of farmers but also plays a key role in meeting the high demands of pulses and overcoming the malnutrition which is need of the hour. Hence, the remaining rice area as mentioned above 72% under kharif in these districts if utilized for growing pulses in winter (rabi) season which is around 3.11 lakh ha, it can lead to increased pulse production of around 420.2 Mt and can generate an additional income of approximately `2941 crores at low input costs.
Comparative evaluation of growth, yield and yield attributing traits in sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) under different soil moisture regimes
Authors: DHANSU POOJA , NANDWAL A S , KUMAR SURENDER , CHAND MEHAR , RANI BABITA , KULSHRESHTHA NEERAJ
Published: August 2022

A field experiment was conducted during spring season of 2014–15 and 2015–16 at CCS HAU, RRS, Karnal to evaluate the response of four sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) varieties differing in their maturity i.e. CoS 767 (Mid late), CoH128 (Mid late), CoJ 64 (Early) and Co 0238 (Early) to deficit irrigation. The experiment was conducted in split plot design with three replications. Based on available soil moisture (ASM), three treatments i.e. irrigation at 50% ASM (control), 40% ASM (mild stress) and 30% ASM (severe stress) were imposed in main plot and sugarcane varieties in sub-plot. Under deficit irrigation, leaf area, leaf area index (LAI), crop grown rate (CGR), relative growth rate (RGR) and net assimilation rate (NAR), significantly, reduced at 30–60 and 60–90 DAP in all the varieties and the varieties Co 0238 and CoS 767 showed least reduction. The yield parameters, viz. number of millable canes, cane length, internodal length and single cane weight reduced significantly under water limited conditions and proved to be the most sensitive yield components responsible for decrease in cane and sugar yield. Cane yield and sugar yield reduced by 36.18% and 40.47%, and 27.5% and 31.09% at 30% and 40% ASM level, respectively. Co 0238 produced highest average cane yield and sugar yield (83.05 and 10.17 t/ha) followed by CoS 767 (68.23 and 8.28 t/ ha). Moreover, after stress revival Co 0238 and CoS 767 were able to recover faster which qualified these varieties to face short periods of drought without major losses in the initial phase of development.
Heterosis and combining ability analysis for yield and its component traits in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea)
Authors: SHEKHAWAT NEELAM , SHARMA HEMLATA , CHANDRAWAT K S
Published: August 2022

Ten diverse lines of Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. & Coss.] were crossed in diallel mating design excluding reciprocals during winter (rabi) season 2014–15 to study heterosis and combining ability. The mean squares due to genotypes including parents, crosses and parents vs. crosses were significant for all the traits. The analysis of variance revealed significant mean sum of squares of general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) for most of the characters at all three environments, except mean sum of squares due to GCA for length of siliqua in E3 environment and mean sum of squares due to SCA for plant height in E1 and for number of secondary branches per plant in E3 environment. In pooled analysis, mean squares due to GCA, SCA, GCA × E and SCA × E were significant for all the eight characters except SCA × E for plant height and GCA × E for protein content. The estimates of GCA effects revealed that parents, viz. Pusa Vijay, PM-30 and Bio-902 were good general combiners for yield contributing traits and the best specific cross combinations for yield and its attributing traits were PM-27 × RGN-229, PM-27 × RGN-73, Pusa Vijay × Laxmi, Pusa Vijay × DRMR-IJ-31 and Pusa Vijay × RGN-73 on the basis of pooled analysis. The crosses Bio-902 × RGN-48, PM-30 × Bio-902 and Bio-902 × RGN-73 exhibited highest and positive significant heterotic effects for seed yield per plant and its important component traits. These F1s may be exploited for obtaining transgressive segregants for development of hybrid varieties in Indian mustard.
Prevalence And Sociodemographic Characteristics Of Helminthic Infections Among Primary School Pupils In Gombe, North-eastern Nigeria
Authors: Bakari Habiba Bello , Manga Mohammed Mohammed , Aliu Rasaki , Jalo Iliya , Mohammed Amina , Bulus Wasinda Solomon , Bello Mustapha
Published: August 2022

Background: The public health burden and prevalence of intestinal helminths in Nigeria are increasing, with 45% of school age children being infected annually. Interrogating the burden and associated demographics will aid preventive measures, early diagnosis and prompt treatment. Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of intestinal helminthic infections in school children, types and associated sociodemographic characteristics. Methodology: This was a cross sectional study that used multistage sampling technique to obtain a sample of 350 pupils aged 5 to 14 years from 24 primary schools in Gombe LGA of Gombe state from July 2018 to January 2019. Stool samples were examined with Direct and Formol- ether concentration methods. Results: The prevalence of helminthic infection was 23.7%. The proportion of various types of helminths were 26.5%, 24.1%, 21.7%, and 0.6% for A. lumbricoides, Hookworm, H. nana and Trichuris trichuira respectively while multiple infection accounted for 18.1%. Majority (43; 51.8%) of the infections were light infections. Infection in Public schools accounted for 96.4%. There was a significant association between helminthic infection and public school (p<0.001), low Socio-economic class (P= 0.004) and use of insanitary toilets (P = 0.003). Conclusion: Intestinal helminthic infection is a public health problem in primary school children in Gombe, especially in public schools that are attended by students from low social class and whose toilet facilities are in poor states. Regular health education with provision of water closet toilets and de-worming of public primary school children at intervals are recommended to decrease worm burden.
Indigenismo, izquierda, indio. Perú, 1900-1930
Authors: Andrés García Manuel
Published: August 2022

Premio de Estudios Iberoamericanos La Rábida. Ciencias Sociales y Jurídicas (IV edición, 2009) En el Perú de comienzos del XX, el proyecto de una identidad nacional aglutinante, de una peruanidad, chocó con la persistencia de una inmensa población indígena históricamente marginada e inmersa en unos modos, hábitos y tradiciones alejados de los cánones que la occidentalidad peruana podía considerar correctos o modernos. Una palabra, la modernidad, bajo cuyo paraguas se llegarían a justificar el desarraigo y la aculturación como secuelas inapelables por el bien del país y de aquellos a quienes debían aplicarse.
ESTUDIO DESCRIPTIVO (2012 – 2018) DEL PROCESO DE INVESTIGACIÓN EDUCATIVA
Y PRODUCCIÓN DE CONOCIMIENTOS EN LA PRÁCTICA EDUCATIVA COMUNITARIA EN LA
ESFM “MARISCAL SUCRE”
Authors: Magne La Fuente Maria Marcela
Published: August 2022

Resumen. Se expone la investigación cuyo objetivo es enunciar la lógica
del proceso de investigación educativa y producción de conocimientos en la
práctica educativa comunitaria efectivizada en la ESFM “Mariscal Sucre” que
posibiliten la identificación de las principales causas que provocan el
problema detectado como central en dicho proceso.
Para la realización
de la investigación se acudió a diferentes fuentes bibliográficas,
documentales y a la aplicación de técnicas e instrumentos de indagación de
campo.
Se concluye que las características principales de la lógica del
proceso de Investigación Educativa y Producción de Conocimientos en la
Práctica Educativa Comunitaria (IEPC-PEC) efectivizada en la ESFM “Mariscal
Sucre” son: la gradualidad y sistematicidad establecidas en el proceso, el
trabajo en equipos, el constituirse en eje de integración de las Unidades de
Formación (asignaturas) y asumir la sistematización de experiencias
educativas como modalidad de graduación.
Con relación a la última
característica señalada, la institución formadora de maestros requiere
impeler con acciones de trabajo estructuradas que coadyuven en la
orientación y seguimiento de procesos de sistematización de experiencias
educativas de manera reflexiva y crítica en las que los futuros
profesionales asuman su rol protagónico como sujetos empoderados en su
formación desde la reivindicación de sus vivencias aprendida
COMPETENCIAS INVESTIGATIVAS EN LA FORMACIÓN DE MAESTROS EN
BOLIVIA
Authors: Aruquipa Chavez Edgar Antonio
Published: August 2022

El artículo tiene como objetivo exponer los hallazgos obtenidos en la
formación de competencias investigativas de los estudiantes en la Escuela
Superior de Formación de Maestros en Bolivia, en la Unidad de Formación en
Investigación Educativa y Producción de Conocimientos de la Práctica
Educativa Comunitaria (IEPC-PEC).Para el desarrollo metodológico se asumió
el paradigma sociocrítico, determinando el problema de estudio desde una
perspectiva dialéctica-interpretativa. Para tal efecto, se acudió a la
revisión documental y bibliográfica, efectuando la lectura y análisis
selectiva de las publicaciones en los últimos cinco años, excluyendo la
bibliografía antes del 2018 y publicaciones que no tienen relación o
pertinencia con el tema de investigación.Los hallazgos y resultados
obtenidos revelan que los centros de formación inicial de maestras y
maestros, si bien en teoría desarrollan capacidades, habilidades, aptitudes
y actitudes en investigación, la realidad evidencia que la formación de
competencias investigativas: epistémicas, teóricas y productivas, sigue
siendo una constante preocupación.En conclusión, la formación de
competencias investigativas, revela aspectos positivos, negativos e
interesantes. Sin embargo, existen inquietudes compartidas entre autoridades
académicas, docentes formadores, estudiantes de las instituciones de
formación docente y otros actores sobre la escasa articulación entre:
teórica-práctica-producción, en diferentes etapas formativas en la ESFM,
aspecto que es notorio en la sistematización de los documentos en las
diferentes modalidades de graduación.
Wound healing activity of Dillenia ochreata leaves ethanol extract in Wistar rats
Authors: Muharni Muharni , Amriani Annisa , Fitrya Fitrya , Mukafi Anazir
Published: August 2022

Context: Dillenia ochreata is a medicinal plant used traditionally for scabies treatment. D. ochreata leaves contain secondary metabolites of triterpenoids, phenolics, and steroids that have the potential to accelerate the wound healing process. Aims: To determine the effect of the ethanolic extract of D. ochreata leaves on the speed of healing of burns and incisions. Methods: The test animals were divided into six groups: a positive control group (1% silver sulfadiazine ointment for burns and 10% povidone-iodine ointment for wound incision), a negative control group, and four treatment groups with an ointment concentration of 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10%. Burns were made using a heated iron plate, and incision wounds were made using a sterile scalpel blade with a length of 3 cm. Parameters observed included burn area, incision length, percent recovery, and histopathology. Results: It was observed that the 10% concentration of D. ochreata leaf ethanol extract showed the best results in healing burns and incision wounds, with 100% healing within 12 days for burns and five days for incisions. The treatment group had a significantly different wound healing activity (p<0.05) compared with the negative control and was not significantly different (p>0.05) from the positive control. Conclusions: D. ochreata leaf ethanol extract (10%) could accelerate the healing of burns and incisions.
WORK FROM HOME AND EMPLOYEES' PERFORMANCE DURING COVID19 OUTBREAK: ROLE OF TIME AND COMMUNICATION CULTURES
Authors: Dr. Naveed Iqbal Chaudhry  , Dr. Naveed Jhamat  , Hafiz Abdur Rashid  , Ayesha Iqbal
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this paper is to analyse the impact of telecommuting on "In Role Performance (IRP) and Extra Role Performance (ERP) of employees" and the research has also examined the moderating effect of "Polychronic Time Culture (PTC) vs Monochronic Time Culture MTC" and "High Context Culture (HCC) vs low context culture (LCC) on the relationship between teleworking and IRP and ERP, whether these factors moderate the relationship or not. The quantitative approach is used for this study. Data is collected through the online survey method, where 312 teleworkers of the telecommunication sector respond to the questionnaire. The collected information is tested using SPSS and AMOS by using confirmative factor analysis and structural equation modelling. This study's findings show that teleworking had a significant impact on the IRP and ERP of employees. Time cultures also had a significant moderating impact on the relationship between teleworking and In-role performance and employees' extra-role performance. In contrast, HCC vs LCC had an insignificant moderating impact on the relationship between teleworking and IRP of the employees, and it significantly influences the ERP of employees. This research has been conducted only in the telecommunication sector of Pakistan. Furthermore, this research focused only on two dimensions of Hall's cultural model; future research can use the national cultural model's other dimensions. This study gives several insights into how employees and organizations can be encouraged to work from home according to the organisation's standards. It also enables the organization to motivate employees to EERP while working from home.
The impact of E-service quality, Facebook usage and Artificial Intelligence on E-learning systems: The mediating role of student satisfaction
Authors: Sidra Shehzadi  , Dr. Samia Jamshed  , Hira Nosheen  , Jamil Asim  , Sehar Alam Bhatti  , Shazia Akram
Published: August 2022

The adoption of e-learning systems has been increasing and reports indicate that Asia has the highest percentage of the growth towards e-learning systems. Following this backdrop, the main purpose of the present study was to evaluate the role of the E-service quality, Facebook usage, artificial intelligence, and student satisfaction on the usage of the E-learning systems. Sample data was collected from students enrolled in any institute offering e-learning in Malaysia. A total of 500 questionnaires were disseminated to the participants identified via online polling and a total of 412 usable questionnaires were evaluated for SEM. The findings of the study show that the usage of Facebook, Artificial intelligence, the satisfaction of students, and E-service quality affected the use of the E-learning systems. Students’ satisfaction was also found to positively mediate with AI, FBU, ESQ, and ELS. E-learning adoption is increasing in Malaysia and the recent outbreak of COVID-19 has also invigorated the need for the development of effective e-learning programs so that the education of students doesn’t get interruptions. The present study has important theoretical and practical implications in this regard; the findings can be applied to the development of e-learning systems of the country
THE EFFECT OF SMS MARKETING ON ATTITUDE, INTENTION AND BUYING BEHAVIOR OF CONSUMERS OF KARACHI
Authors: Sheraz Bin Sher Muhammad  , Dr. Muhammad Asim  , Salman Manzoor
Published: August 2022

These days where mobile playing a significant role in every individual’s life. No one can live without it. Due to the rapid increase of mobile usage, the marketing industry also entered in the grow the market tree from it. It was an obvious reaction that the recipient was not only read the message but also respond to it quickly. Perhaps, in this study was derived from the consumer of Karachi and find the consumer attitude towards SMS advertising and find that whether consumer buying decision was to rely upon SMS advertising. However, the study reveals the four attributes of attitude (Entertainment, Infotainment, Irritation, and Credibility. Purchase intention of the consumer is associated with the diverse effect of SMS marketing where the consumer decided that it could be benefited or time waste. In the questionnaire survey, 300 participants were involved which collected by the survey form and analyzed by the SPSS tool.
FACTORS PRECEIVED TO INFLUENCE THE PERFORMANCE OF PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYEES WITH MEDIATING EFFECT OF EMPLOYEES SATISFACTION; A CASE STUDY OF CIVIL DEFENCE DIRECTORATE
Authors: MUHAMMAD UMAIR AFZAL
Published: August 2022

In developing countries like Pakistan, mostly the public sector departments give not as much of focus on the performance / capacity building as well as the satisfaction of the employees, the research was conducted to know the influence of the factors perceived on the performance of public sector employees by increasing satisfaction and for this purpose the Civil Defence Department was selected. The study was conducted on the mixed method approach in which both qualitative and quantitative methodologies were adopted to know the responses of the employees of the Civil Defence Department regarding research objectives. Questionnaires, both in open ended and close ended format were distributed among 100 employees of the Civil Defence Department as per the availability of the skeleton staff during COVID-19. The hypotheses were equipped to recognize the significance relationship of variables as well as statistical analysis was applied through SPSS to examine the acceptance or rejection of the hypothesis. Hence, the result instigated that factors perceived in this study have significance influenced on the performance and satisfaction of the public sector employees.
DETERMINANTS OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM PAKISTAN STOCK EXCHANGE
Authors: Hassan Ali  , Hira Fatima
Published: August 2022

This study investigates various determinants of financial performance of a company by taking variables such as sales, financial leverage, fixed assets, equity, current ratio, total assets and age of a firm and their impact on growth of firms in Pakistan. In this research, secondary data is used from the listed companies in “Pakistan Stock Exchange” the listed companies on the Pakistan Stock Exchange from 2009-2019 as well as from individual websites of firm’s researcher have calculated age. To estimate the impact of various abovementioned factors on firm’s growth. By use of correlation matrix, descriptive analysis and regression analysis following results are obtained that profitability is positive correlated with growth. Financial leverage and fixed assets are a strong determinant of firm’s growth. The equity has moderate impact on firm’s growth, so it is also a determinant. While liquidity and age of a firm are weak determinant of firm’s growth. The results have also shown that sales and size in form of total assets do not impact growth of a firm. So, they are not determinants of financial performance of a company.
IMPACT OF CAPITAL STRUCTURE ON ISLAMIC AND NON-ISLAMIC INSTITUTIONS OF PAKISTAN
Authors: Hira Saeed  , Rukhsana Bibi  , Luigi Pio Leonardo Cavaliere
Published: August 2022

The prime purpose of this study is to analyze the capital structure impact on the performance of Islamic and non-Islamic financial institutes of Pakistan during the time of 2006-2013. To examine this impact, the researchers investigate empirically what are the outcomes of capital ratio on profitability indicator (EFCROE) of Shariah compliant financial firms as well as interest-based financial firms separately. The estimation technique generalized method of moments has been used for the proposed model. Both models verify the negative association of capital ratio with the efficiency of financial institutions. The lower equity with higher leverage becomes the cause of mitigating the agency cost of the firm and good performance as well. Hence, both models confirm the presence of agency cost theory in the financial sector of Pakistan. However, this effect in the Islamic financial sector is insignificant because of the small magnitude of the Islamic financial sector. The results suggest that managers should increase their debt financial instruments and lessen their equity financing to enhance their performance and the State Bank of Pakistan should take valid and sound steps to promote Islamic financial services in Pakistan
COMMUNITY HEALTH, QUALITY EDUCATION AND POVERTY REDUCTION: HOW IMPORTANT THE FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT AND ECONOMIC GROWTH ARE IN PAKISTAN?
Authors: Muhammad Asif  , Kashif Rashid  , Kinza Rafiq  , Amjad Ali
Published: August 2022

The main focus of the study is to investigate the strength of binding between financial development, economic growth and sustainable development goals (SDGs) including community health, education and poverty reduction for Pakistan. The autoregressive distributed lag approach was used to analyze the relationship among the variables using data ranging from 1972 to 2018. The empirical evidences showed a joint collision of financial development and economic growth on SDGs i.e., infant mortality, life expectancy, quality education and poverty reduction. Similarly, SDGs and economic growth together cause the accomplishment of financial development. The attainment of SDGs such as increased private per capita consumption expenditure, enrollment at primary and secondary level and low infant mortality rate and life expectancy along with economic growth showed its impact on the financial development for Pakistan.
IMPACT OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON SUSTAINABLE COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES FOR THE UNIVERSITIES OF PAKISTAN KEEPING KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT CAPACITY AS MEDIATOR
Authors: Huma Saeed  , Prof. Dr. Naveed Yazdani
Published: August 2022

Effective and efficient management of human resource was always considered vital for attaining success and sustainable competitive advantages by any organization, but in today’s emerging economies of knowledge, the importance of knowledge management capacity has also emerged as an important ingredient. The institutions of higher education (HEIs) are considered to be the knowledge creating organizations, where the most vital resource for success and sustainability is human capital. Since knowledge management capacity is still an emerging concept in Pakistan, the aim of this paper was to conduct an empirical Study about the effect of knowledge management capacity (KMC) on the relationship of human resource management (HRM) practices and sustainable competitive advantages (SCA) acquired by institutions of higher education in Pakistan, with the help of knowledge-based view (KBV) and resource-based view (RBV). The results of this paper indicate that HRM practices can help HEIs to attain SCA directly as well as indirectly through KMC, which can ultimately help the policy makers of academia to concentrate and made substantial efforts to improve the knowledge management capacity of educational institutions. Future researchers and managers of academia can be benefited from this research as it added to the current knowledge about HRM practices and its effect on KMC of faculty along with attaining sustainable competitiveness.
COMPARISON OF CONSUMER EVALUATION OF THE BRANDING STRATEGIES USED BY MOBILE NETWORK OPERATORS
Authors: Kamran Khan  , Ather Mujitaba
Published: August 2022

The present study explores the consumers’ preferences in comparison and evaluations of branding strategies of four mobile network operators’ .i.e. Telenor, Zong, Mobilink and Ufone. A standardized measure of Brand Strategy Evaluation Scale (BSES) was used for consumer evaluation perspectives and data was collected from 200 participants (108 males and 92 females, between ages 17 to 41) in Lahore, Pakistan. The convenience sampling technique was used by employing cross sectional research design. The obtained results show that consumers most positively rated Ufone network operators, with its competitive features and advertising strategy. The Telenor is only contender competing Ufone in offers and services and facilities with money matter. The present contributes to the literature of branding strategies of mobile network operators and discusses the managerial implications. Limitations and future recommendations are also provided.
DESPOTIC LEADERSHIP AS A TRIGGER OF TURNOVER INTENTION: BY DESCENDING ORGANIZATION IDENTIFICATION PERCEPTION
Authors: Asifa Faiz  , Dr. Malik Faisal Azeem  , Ehtisham Ali
Published: August 2022

Drawing on conservation of resource theory and social identity theory, the authors examined that Despotic Leadership prompts Turnover Intentions among employees and Organizational Identification's role as a mediator in this interaction. The authors also looked into the organizational justice's moderating effects. The sample consisted of 300 individuals from three major Pakistani cities who worked for various telecommunications organizations. Employees were given self-administered questionnaires, and quantitative research methodologies were used in this study. The SPSS software was used to measure and analyze the results. Despotic leadership has significant impact on employee turnover intentions with the mediating role of Organizational Identification, according to the findings. Furthermore, individuals having a high level of organizational justice in a company are less likely to indulge in turnover intentions in response to despotic leadership than those with poor organizational justice. The authors add to the body of knowledge by indicating that despotic leadership has an impact on employee turnover intentions. Furthermore, those with a high level of Organizational Justice are better able to deal with dictatorial leadership and a low level of organizational identity, and are less inclined to react to abuse by their bosses.