bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Temperature Stratification of Underfloor and Ceiling Based Air Heating Distribution System in an Experimental Room
Authors: Katunský Dušan , Lopušniak Martin , Vašková Anna
Published: May 2013

Most of air heating and ventilating systems for passive houses inlet air in floors. It is assumed that a natural motion of air is led upwards, and so the right stratification of temperature in the space is ensured. However, in the case of excellently insulated buildings it is possible to assume that an upper inlet of air is also able to ensure the required layering of temperature. Within the experiment an influence of upper and down air inlet for temperature stratification in the space was followed. Night sensors of indoor air temperature are placed for measurement purposes. Measurements are done in the long term. The results from measurements show that both, vertical and horizontal stratification of temperature in rooms of passive houses are equal regardless of the fact, which system of air inlet is used.
Analysis of Coagulation Processes for the Groundwater Treatment
Authors: Albrektiene Ramune , Rimeika Mindaugas , Jurkiene Anzelika
Published: May 2013

Coagulation process is widely used for removal of natural organic matters (NOM) and for water color intensity reduction. The efficiency of coagulation process depends on many different factors. Aim of this research is to investigate coagulation process under different conditions. During the research coagulation process was held at different pH values (5.5; 6.0; 6.5), at different water alkalinity and at different water turbidity. It was found that removal of NOM and water color intensity reduction is most effective at pH values from 5.5 to 6.0. At these conditions water color intensity reduction is most efficient, but removal of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is the lowest. During the research it was also found that different water alkalinity and turbidity do not make significant influence on efficiency of coagulation process.
Theoretical and Experimental Stress-Strain Analysis of Compressed Steel Members with Closed Cross-Sections
Authors: Tomko Michal , Ali Mohamad Al , Demjan Ivo
Published: May 2013

The paper presents fundamental information about experimental and theoretic-numerical research to determinate the load-carrying capacity of thin-walled cold-formed compressed steel members. The investigated members have closed cross-sections made from homogeneous materials. The theoretic-numerical analysis in this paper is oriented on the modeling of the initial deviations effects, caused by production process, on the load-carrying capacities of mentioned members, while the experimental investigation is to verify the theoretical results and to investigate the behavior of mentioned members during the loading process.
Traffic Management Facilities Used at Intersection of Ukmergės and Geležinio Vilko Streets in Vilnius
Authors: Pumputis Vidmantas , Garbinčius Giedrius , Mironov Valentin
Published: May 2013

Vilnius, the capital and the largest city of Lithuania, is faced with serious traffic problems. The main streets of the city are overcrowded with traffic. Therefore, the effective ways to ease the congestion should be sought. The paper considers the problem of high traffic intensity and congestion at the intersection of two busy Vilnius streets. Research is based on the analysis of the data stored at the Vilnius Traffic Management Centre and the information obtained in the experimental investigation of traffic flows. All the collected data have been used in the traffic simulation program, to make some effective measures helping to increase traffic capacity of the considered intersection.
Effect of Living Mulches on Selected Soil Structure Indicators in Eggplant Cultivation
Authors: Wojciechowski Wiesław , Adamczewska-Sowińska Katarzyna , Krygier Magdalena
Published: May 2013

Conducted research involved evaluation of selected soil properties in eggplant cultivation with the use of living mulches from white clover and perennial ryegrass. The mulching species were sown three weeks before eggplant planting, in the term of planting and three weeks after planting this vegetable. In half of August there was assessed stability of soil aggregates on the basis of the following indicators of: cloddiness (B), misting (S), structure (W) of the soil and mean weighed diameter of aggregates - the dry method (MWDa), as well as water stability ( MWD) and waterproof (Wod) index of soil aggregates and mean weighed diameter of aggregates - the wet method (MWDg). Cover plants did significantly decrease soil cloddiness indicator, while the earliest term of their sowing contributed to lowering of that parameter values by nearly 1/3 in relation to the data obtained for mechanically treated plots. Indicator of misting of the soil and soil structure index was higher for the soil of inter - rows covered with living mulches. It was noticed that longer term of covering inter - rows with white clover and perennial ryegrass improved soil structure. Living mulches improved mean weighed diameter of aggregates, determined according to the wet method, as well as indicator of aggregates waterproof and water stability index. After sowing white clover or perennial ryegrass three weeks before eggplant planting, mean weighed diameter of aggregates, measured with the use of the wet method, was higher by 29.0% and by 18.3% than the one characterizing the object with the last term of sowing and it was higher by 31.4% and 17.1% than the value determined for mechanically treated inter - rows. ΔMWD indicator for the soil covered with white clover and with perennial ryegrass was, average, by 15.5% and 34.7% higher than the data featuring mechanical treatment. For Wod index those differences amounted 18.8% and 9.7% respectively
Modern demographic processes in urban areas of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Nyussupova Gulnara , Sarsenova Indira
Published: May 2013

The result of the growth in cities’ population is the migratory and natural movement of the population. Special attention is given in this article to the research of natural movement of the population of cities of Kazakhstan; this indicator of natural movement of the population is defined by the demographic processes in the future. Therefore, the given information about the natural and mechanical movement of the population can be considered as the original generalizing indicators of the processes that happen in population movement.
Sex ratio and genetic diversity in the dioecious Pistacia atlantica (Anacardiaceae)
Authors: Nosrati Houshang , Husainpourfeizi Mohammad Ali , Khorasani Mina , Razban-Haghighi Ahmad , Nikniazi Maryam
Published: May 2013

The levels of genetic variation in dioecious plant species have been reported to differ between male and female populations. This has been attributed to different factors including distribution patterns of individuals, sex ratio and also stochastic events. We measured the levels of genetic diversity in male and female populations of dioecious Pistacia atlantica (pistachio, Anacardiaceae) separately for each region and genders in two eco-geographically different regions over 350 km apart and of different population sizes in East Azerbaijan, Iran by randomly sampling 15 individuals of male and female from each of the regions using randomly amplified polymorphic DNAs. The percentage of polymorphic RAPD bands in the male populations of dioecious Pistacia atlantica was significantly higher (88.9%) than that of female populations (80.8%), and similarly, male populations had greater genetic diversity (0.387, Shannon; 0.252, Nei’s) compared to female populations (0.381, Shannon; 0.249, Nei’s). Genetic variation in larger population (Arasbaran) of P. atlantica (0.387, Nei’s) was greater than that of the smaller (Jazire) population (0.312), indicating the impact of population size on genetic variation. Partitioning the total genetic variation using an analysis of molecular variance indicated that 77% of total genetic diversity was allocated within populations while 23% of this variation was dedicated among populations.
Changes in the Humic Acid–Metal Complexation Characteristics Depending on Humification Degree / Humīnskābju – Metālu Kompleksveidošanās Rakstura Izmaiņas Atkarībā No Humifikācijas Pakāpes
Authors: Dudare D. , Klavins M.
Published: May 2013

The aim of this study is to determine the Cu(II) complexing capacity and stability constants of Cu(II) complexes of humic acids isolated from two well-characterized raised bog peat profiles in respect to the basic properties and humification characteristics of the studied peats and their humic acids. The complex stability constants significantly change within the studied bog profiles and are well correlated with the age and decomposition degree of the peat layer from which the humic acids have been isolated. Among factors that influence this complexation process, molecular mass and ability to form micellar structures (supramolecules) of humic substances are of key importance.
Evaluation of Kinetic Parameter Calculation Methods for Non-Isothermal Experiments in Case of Varying Activation Energy in Solid-State Transformations / Neizotermisko Eksperimentu Kinētisko Parametru Noteikšanas Metožu Izvērtēšana Mainīgas Aktivācijas Enerģijas Gadījumā Cietfāžu Pārvērtībām
Authors: Bērziņš A. , Actiņš A.
Published: May 2013

Simulations of solid-state transformation kinetics were carried out calculating temperature and conversion degree for non-isothermal experiments with different heating rates. Simulations were divided in two parts: with constant and with variable activation energy. Simulations were analyzed with widely used model-based and model-free activation energy determination methods, frequency factor and kinetic model determination methods. Much of the attention was devoted to the calculation of kinetic models and frequency factors, as a more difficult and less developed step. For simulations where activation energy did not change all activation energy determination methods were found to give correct results. However, much attention should be devoted to frequency factor determination, because incorrect results would lead to problems in determination of kinetic models. For simulations where activation energy changes, correct activation energy can be determined only by differential methods or integral methods using numerical integration over small intervals. Isokinetic relationship coefficients b and c were more accurately determined with the average linear integral method. Correct kinetic model determination was possible only when coefficients b and c were accurate, and only by analyzing results of all available methods.
Drinking Water Disinfection with Electrolysis
Authors: Reimanis M. , Mezule L. , Ozolins J. , Malers J. , Juhna T.
Published: May 2013

Nowadays electrochemical disinfection has gained an increasing attention as an alternative to conventional drinking water disinfection, since it is regarded as environmentally friendly, amendable to automation, inexpensive, easily operated and is known to inactivate a wide variety of microorganisms from bacteria to viruses and algae. We found that along with increasing the number of electrodes in our equipment from 2 to 24, the resistance of chlorine-generating electrolytic cell and specific work of electric current decreased. During the electrolysis the amount of generated Cl2 increased along with the increase of chloride ion concentration in the solution and the intensity of electric current. The technological process parameters (flow rate, current intensity) have been established to obtain a predetermined amount of generated chlorine during the electrolysis process. A comparison of flow and circulating (3 times) regimes for electrolysis of tap water with chloride ion concentration below 10 mg/L showed that circulation is necessary to generate active chlorine (above 1 mg/L).

At the same time, when no circulation was performed, even a 0.9 A treatment was not enough to generate detectable levels of free chlorine. Electrochemical disinfection of tap water with non-stoichiometric titanium oxide electrodes was effective enough to inactivate both metabolically active and cultivable bacteria E. coli to undetectable levels within 15 minutes at 0.5 A current intensity.
Remediation of Soil Contamination with Heavy Metals by Using Zeolite and Humic Acid Additives
Authors: Burlakovs J. , Klavins M. , Karklina A.
Published: May 2013

-

Soil remediation at contaminated sites very often needs customized approach, because of the different content of pollutants. Various technologies from simple soil excavation and transporting to hazardous waste landfills to different kinds of remediation by vitrification and the use of additives can be used for the treatment of soil. A series of remediation experiments using zeolites and humic acids were applied to soil contaminated with copper. Remediation can be performed with easily available additive materials of natural origin found near the place of application, in order to diminish the leaching of contaminants. Soils contaminated and spiked with copper were mixed with additives, and ion selective electrode potentiometry was used in order to establish the stability constants of humic-metal complexes. Thus the study provides an opportunity to gain information on the fate of copper variously mixed with potential remediation agents zeolites and humic acids - as additives to contaminated soils.
Alternative Fuels for Marine Applications
Authors: Kołwzan K. , Narewski M.
Published: May 2013

This paper outlines the growing number of shipboard applications of new, alternative fuels such as: low sulphur fuels, gas fuels and biofuels in the global maritime transport. Advantages of the new fuels, their functionnal basis, is limited to applicability and current development issues have been shown, including the analysis of cost predictions.

All types of marine fuels are subject of certain quality, documentation and survey procedures. EU policy is an example where international standards are being transferred to national level, and where marine standards result in mirror action in inland waterway air pollution prevention measures.
Morphometric Study of Connective Tissue in the Human Pituitary during Aging Process
Authors: Pavlović Miljana , Jovanović Ivan , Pavlović Snežana , Stojanović Vesna , Živković Vladimir , Bakić Mirjana , Kundalić Braca , Antić Vladimir
Published: May 2013

The aim of the research was to quantify the connective tissue and blood vessels in the aging human pituitary, using the morphometric methods.

The material contained 29 pituitary tissues from cadavers of both sexes (14 females and 15 males), aged 33-95 years. The pituitary tissue was processed by standard histological procedure and stained by Mallory trichrome method. Histological samples were analyzed using a light microscope with magnification of 400x. Morphometric analysis was performed on digital pictures with the resolution of 1.3 megapixels, at 40 pituitary visual fields of each case examined. Fovea Pro 4 system was used for the analysis. Above the digital images of each field of view, there was inserted a simple network test system. Using this programme, there were determined bulk densities of connective tissue and blood vessels in the examined cases. The results were statistically analyzed using the package NCSS-PASS 2007.

Correlation analysis showed that the bulk density of connective tissue statistically significantly increased during aging. The average bulk density of blood vessels in the pituitary manifested statistically significant decrease during the aging process. These results were confirmed by the linear regression analysis. The average bulk density of the connective tissue, as well as the average bulk density of blood vessels in the pituitary cases, did not differ significantly among males and females.

The process of aging is followed by the proliferation of the connective tissue and fibrosis of the pituitary, which is accompanied by the reduction of its vascular network.
Contemporary migration of Poles to Lebanon and Egypt
Authors: Kałaska Maciej , Suchcicka Maria
Published: May 2013

The article describes the contemporary Polish diaspora in Lebanon and Egypt. The similarities and differences between the two communities are examined in detail. The contemporary phases of the migration of Poles to Lebanon and Egypt are listed and described, the Polish diaspora is mapped and its typology in these countries is outlined. In addition, the issues faced by mixed marriages are described as are the difficulties Poles have in adaptating to life in countries with different cultures.
Description and course of backpacking trips depending on the nationality of the tourists
Authors: Brzózka Małgorzata
Published: May 2013

The following article discusses the differences between backpackers and mass tourists. Its objective is to describe the nature of backpacking trips and to present the dependencies between the course of a trip, the reasons for taking the trip and the nationality of the respondents. The study is based on the results of a survey carried out among backpackers from Israel, Japan, Poland and Germany. Well-defined differences were revealed by the responses given by the Israeli and Japanese backpackers.
Verification of forecasts of periodic changes
in the climate of Warsaw in the period 1779-2010
Authors: Boryczka Jerzy , Stopa-Boryczka Maria , Kossowska-Cezak Urszula , Wawer Jolanta
Published: May 2013

The air temperatures recorded at Warsaw-Okęcie in 1951-2010 were
compared with forecasts for the period 1980-2010 and 1991-2010, i.e. 31
and 20 years ahead. Accurate predictions of air temperatures in Warsaw
in 1980-2010 were calculated using the cycles identified by applying the
sinusoidal regression method to a series of monitoring results obtained in
Warsaw between 1779 and 1979. The high accuracy of these forecasts
is the result of a similar progression of measured and forecast values
over a number of years. The prediction of climate change in the Northern
Hemisphere for example, caused by interference of long solar radiation
cycles as well as variations in the concentrations of the δ18O oxygen
isotope in the Arctic ice cores, requires a larger series of data points.
Policies on intergroup relations
in Central and East European cities:
a comparative analysis of Budapest, Prague, Wrocław and Tallinn
Authors: Kohlbacher Josef , Matusz Protasiewicz Patrycja
Published: May 2013

This article explores the differences in the understanding of ‘intergroup
relations’ and measures underaken in the area of intercultural policies in
four Central and East European (CEE) cities: Budapest, Prague, Wrocław
and Tallinn.
The analysis is based on interviews and field research carried out in 2008
in these cities in cooperation with local scientific experts, representatives
of the ethnic communities and officials of the Municipalities as part of
the Eurofound research project CLIP1. It explores the national and local
political frameworks for intergroup policy and the target groups for such
strategies and policies.
The main aim of this article is to carry out a comparative analysis of four
cities from the CEE countries in order to indicate the similarities and
differences in the understanding of intergroup relations. It investigates
the type of actors involved in this process and whether their actions are
catalysed from the top-down or bottom–up.
A generalized form of Ekeland’s variational principle
Authors: Farkas Csaba
Published: May 2013

In this paper we prove a generalized version of the Ekeland variational principle, which is a common generalization of Zhong variational principle and Borwein Preiss Variational principle. Therefore in a particular case, from this variational principle we get a Zhong type variational principle, and a Borwein-Preiss variational principle. As a consequence, we obtain a Caristi type fixed point theorem.
Jessen's functional, its properties and applications
Authors: Lovričević Neda , Pečarić Josip , Krnić Mario
Published: May 2013

In this paper we consider Jessen's functional, defined by means of a positive isotonic linear functional, and investigate its properties. Derived results are then applied to weighted generalized power means, which yields extensions of some recent results, known from the literature. In particular, we obtain the whole series of refinements and converses of numerous classical inequalities such as the arithmetic-geometric mean inequality, Young's inequality and Hölder's inequality
Stability of generalized Newton difference equations
Authors: Wang Zhihua , Shi Yong-Guo
Published: May 2013

In the paper we discuss a stability in the sense of the generalized Hyers-Ulam-Rassias for functional equations Δn(p, c)φ(x) = h(x), which is called generalized Newton difference equations, and give a sufficient condition of the generalized Hyers-Ulam-Rassias stability. As corollaries, we obtain the generalized Hyers-Ulam-Rassias stability for generalized forms of square root spirals functional equations and general Newton functional equations for logarithmic spirals.
Strong convergence of a hybrid method for pseudomonotone variational inequalities and fixed point problems
Authors: Yu Xin , Yao Yonghong , Liou Yeong-Cheng
Published: May 2013

In this paper, we suggest a hybrid method for finding a common element of the set of solution of a pseudomonotone, Lipschitz-continuous variational inequality problem and the set of common fixed points of an infinite family of nonexpansive mappings. The proposed iterative method combines two well-known methods: extragradient method and CQ method. We derive a necessary and sufficient condition for the strong convergence of the sequences generated by the proposed method.
Riemannian foliations and the kernel of the basic Dirac operator
Authors: Slesar Vladimir
Published: May 2013

In this paper, in the special setting of a Riemannian foliation en- dowed with a bundle-like metric, we obtain conditions that force the vanishing of the kernel of the basic Dirac operator associated to the metric; this way we extend the traditional setting of Riemannian foli- ations with basic-harmonic mean curvature, where Bochner technique and vanishing results are known to work. Beside classical conditions concerning the positivity of some curvature terms we obtain new rela- tions between the mean curvature form and the kernel of the basic Dirac operator
Spacetimes with singularities
Authors: Stoica Ovidiu-Cristinel
Published: May 2013

We report on some advances made in the problem of singularities in general relativity.

First is introduced the singular semi-Riemannian geometry for metrics which can change their signature (in particular be degenerate). The standard operations like covariant contraction, covariant derivative, and constructions like the Riemann curvature are usually prohibited by the fact that the metric is not invertible. The things become even worse at the points where the signature changes. We show that we can still do many of these operations, in a different framework which we propose. This allows the writing of an equivalent form of Einstein's equation, which works for degenerate metric too.

Once we make the singularities manageable from mathematical viewpoint, we can extend analytically the black hole solutions and then choose from the maximal extensions globally hyperbolic regions. Then we find space-like foliations for these regions, with the implication that the initial data can be preserved in reasonable situations. We propose qualitative models of non-primordial and/or evaporating black holes.

We supplement the material with a brief note reporting on progress made since this talk was given, which shows that we can analytically extend the Schwarzschild and Reissner-Nordström metrics at and beyond the singularities, and the singularities can be made degenerate and handled with the mathematical apparatus we developed.
Best proximity points of Kannan type cyclic weak ϕ-contractions in ordered metric spaces
Authors: Karapınar Erdal
Published: May 2013

In this manuscript, the existence of the best proximity of Kannan Type cyclic weak ϕ-contraction in ordered metric spaces is investigated. Some results of Rezapour-Derafshpour-Shahzad [22] are generalized.
Generalized System for Relaxed Cocoercive Mixed Variational Inequalities and Iterative Algorithms in Hilbert Spaces
Authors: Zhang Shuyi , Guo Xinqi , Luan Dan
Published: May 2013

The approximate solvability of a generalized system for relaxed co- coercive mixed variational inequality is studied by using the resolvent operator technique. The results presented in this paper extend and improve the main results of Chang et al.[1], He and Gu [2] and Verma [3, 4].
Advancing Academic Achievement Through Career Relevance in the Middle Grades
Authors: Woolley Michael E. , Rose Roderick A. , Orthner Dennis K. , Akos Patrick T. , Jones-Sanpei Hinckley
Published: May 2013

Research and theory suggest that students learn more effectively when they perceive course content as relevant to their futures. The current research assessed the impact of CareerStart, a middle grades instructional strategy designed to advance the occupational relevance of what students are being taught in the core subjects—math, science, language arts, and social studies. CareerStart was introduced randomly in 7 of 14 middle schools in a diverse district with 3,295 students followed for 3 years. The analyses examined impact on end-of-grade test scores on math and reading exams. Findings confirm a significant treatment effect for math performance but no effect for reading performance.
Novel Sulfonated Ethylene/1-Octene Copolymer Ionomer Nanocomposite: Synthesis and Properties
Authors: Pradhan Sharmila , Scholtissek Stefanie , Lach Ralf , Lebek Werner , Grellmann Wolfgang , Michler Goerg H. , Adhikari Rameshwar
Published: May 2013

The nanocomposites based on sulfonated ethylene/1-octene copolymer (sEOC) and organophilic modified layered silicate were synthesized. The morphology of the ionomeric product was studied with the help of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and microhardness measurements. It was shown that via the solution cast technique, the nanocomposite with uniformly distributed filer morphology can be conveniently prepared. The significant enhancement of the mechanical properties due to ionomerization was attested with the help of depth sensing microhardness measurements. It was found that the hardness of ionomer nanocomposite comprising 5 wt.-% layered silicate is approximately four fold of the neat elastomer. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jncs.v28i0.8060 Journal of Nepal Chemical Society Vol.28, 2011 Page : 59-66 Uploaded date: May 7, 2013
A multidimensional approach to understanding floral function and form1
Authors: Carr David E.
Published: May 2013

• Premise of the study: Variation in plant mating systems is a fundamental component of the diversity of floral form and function. Mating systems have a strong influence on the distribution and expression of genetic variation, which in turn can influence the course of mating system evolution. It has long been appreciated, however, that ecological interactions may provide much of the impetus behind these evolutionary changes.

• Methods: This commentary reviews the Special Section in the American Journal of Botany (vol. 100, issue 6) that features novel research on the role of interactions between plants and their pollinators, seed dispersers, herbivores, and interspecific competitors in the evolution of selfing rates and gender. These studies vary in approach from empirical experiments, to phylogenetic comparisons, to theoretical models, to literature reviews as they each attempt to shed new light on longstanding questions about the selective forces and evolutionary pathways that have led to the diversified means by which plants promote or discourage self‐fertilization.

• Key results: Evidence is provided that indicates that ecological interactions (e.g., herbivory and heterospecific pollen deposition by pollinators) can strongly influence the relative advantages of selfing and outcrossing. Ecological interactions can also influence allocation to sexual functions, which will influence individual and population outcrossing rates and possibly the evolutionary path of gender expression.

• Conclusions: Mating systems evolution is clearly a multidimensional problem. Research that places the study of mating and sexual systems within a more realistic ecological context will no doubt reveal more complexity as we move toward a better understanding of plant diversity.
Advertising stereotypes and gender representation in social networking sites
Authors: Tortajada-Giménez Iolanda , Araüna-Baró Núria , Martínez-Martínez Inmaculada-José
Published: May 2013

This article presents the results of a quantitative and qualitative analysis of adolescent selfpresentations in Fotolog. The images which these adolescents create and share through the Net focus on the construction of the Self. Here gender and sexuality become the main structuring factors of representation. Results point to the fact adolescents selfpresentations mirror some of the categories defined by Goffman in his study of gender hyperritualization in advertising. Moreover, other gender expressions are found in the sample, such as the lesbian pose or the erotization of bodies which Gill also detects in advertising. Despite the fact that the images that adolescents upload in Social Networking Sites reproduce gender stereotypes and patriarchal patterns based in advertising, it must be said that they also elaborate a relatively varied repertoire of pictures and are able to conceive original creations. These creative selfrepresentations are the outcome of a process of negotiation of gender and sexual identity which occurs in these settings, as well as in other adolescent media practices. To avoid a thoughtless reproduction of gender stereotypes and contribute to a critical negotiation of these representations, media education is needed. This media education should take into account the way in which adolescent practices are shaped by other media consumption.

Este artículo presenta los resultados del análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo de las autopresentaciones que los y las adolescentes elaboran para Fotolog. Las imágenes que dichos adolescentes crean y comparten a través de la red están centradas en el sí mismo, y el género y la sexualidad constituyen el eje principal de la representación. Los resultados obtenidos apuntan a que algunas de las categorías que estableció Goffman en su estudio sobre la hiperritualización de la feminidad en la publicidad están presentes en las autopresentaciones analizadas. Además, aparecen otras expresiones de género como la pose lésbica o la erotización de los cuerpos que ya han sido detectadas también en los análisis de la publicidad desarrollados por autoras como Gill. Si bien estas imágenes reproducen estereotipos de género y patrones patriarcales, hay que destacar la presencia de un repertorio variado y algunas creaciones originales, resultado de la negociación identitaria que, respecto al género y a la sexualidad, tiene lugar en estos espacios y otras prácticas mediáticas adolescentes. Para evitar una reproducción irreflexiva de patrones de género estereotipados y contribuir a una negociación crítica de estas representaciones sería importante que la educación mediática tuviera en cuenta la manera en que las prácticas adolescentes en las redes sociales se están nutriendo de otros consumos mediáticos y cómo esto afecta a lo que los y las adolescentes expresan en las redes.
Writing for Publication: Perspectives of Graduate Nursing Students and Doctorally Prepared Faculty
Authors: Dowling Donna A. , Savrin Carol , Graham Gregory C.
Published: May 2013

Publication is a common expectation for both faculty and graduate students in schools of nursing. Little is known about the perceptions of students and faculty regarding what supports or interferes with students’ success in writing for publication. Perceptions of supports and barriers to writing for publication and the differences in perceptions between graduate nursing students and faculty were examined. A descriptive comparative design was used to sample master’s (
n
= 62), Doctor of Nursing Practice (
n
= 66), and Doctor of Philosophy (
n
= 7) students and graduate faculty (
n
= 35) using two investigator-developed surveys. Students (71.1%) and faculty (57.6%) identified working with faculty and mentors as the greatest support. Students’ primary barrier was finding time (64.5%). Faculty identified not knowing how to get started (63.6%) as the students’ greatest barrier. Findings support that mentoring and finding sufficient time for writing are priorities for the development of a plan to support students in writing for publication. [
J Nurs Educ
. 2013;52(7):371–375.]
THE SUPPRESSING EFFECT OF rAAV-NKX2.1-siRNA ON THE IN VITRO DEVELOPMENT OF LUNG ADENOCARCINOMA
Authors: Gao Qiang , Yang Lei , Li Li , Xu Yao , Cao Yi-Cheng
Published: May 2013

The NKX2.1 gene is considered as a proto-onco gene to promote the development of early lung adenocarcinoma. In this study, three kinds of specific siRNAs aiming to NKX2.1 gene were designed to down-regulate the expression of NKX2.1 gene, and constructed into rAAV vectors, respectively. NCI-H1975 cells were infected with the rAAV virus. RT-PCR results showed that all the three siRNAs decreased the expression of NKX2.1 mRNA. WB results show that the expression of NKX2.1 protein was decreased too. It is concluded that the siRNA constructed in rAAV could significantly down-regulate the expression of NKX2.1 gene. Meanwhile, it is proven that the rAAV-NKX2.1-siRNA could inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis occurrence in NCI-H1975 cells. In this study, we have expected that the rAAV-NKX2.1-siRNA could be developed into a potential genetic engineering therapeutic virus to suppress the lung AC development and metastasis. The current experiment thus makes a foundation for further research on in vivo gene therapy.
Indoor and Outdoor Volatile Organic Compounds at Office Buildings in Kuwait
Authors: Al-Mudhaf Humood F. , Abu-Shady Abdel-Sattar I. , Al-Khulaifi Nabeel M.
Published: May 2013

A total of 800 indoor (I) and outdoor (O) air samples from eight large office buildings (LOBs) were analyzed for 78 VOCs using the latest sampling and preconcentration technology. Of these VOCs, 73 and 66 were detected in the I and O samples, respectively, at various levels and proportions. The I/O ratios were > 1, and ethanol exhibited the highest ratio of 14.7. The levels of aliphatic hydrocarbons were higher in LOBs located in the southern region of Kuwait, where the majority of industrial activities are located. By contrast, these levels were significantly lower in LOBs located in the northern and far northern regions, where industrial activities are absent. There was evidence of CFCs leaking from HVAC systems in several of the LOBs. BTEX inter-species ratios suggest that vehicular emissions contributed less to the outdoor air composition at the LOB at Jahra compared to other LOBs. Alcohols and carbonyls were the first and second most abundant classes of chemicals, respectively, in the VOC mixtures at the LOBs. None of the VOCs exceeded the recommended air quality limits.
Measurement procedures for characterization of wind turbine wakes with scanning Doppler wind LiDARs
Authors: Iungo G. V. , Porté-Agel F.
Published: May 2013

Abstract. The wake flow produced from an Enercon E-70 wind turbine is investigated through three scanning Doppler wind LiDARs. One LiDAR is deployed upwind to characterize the incoming wind, while the other two LiDARs are located downstream to carry out wake measurements. The main challenge in performing measurements of wind turbine wakes is represented by the varying wind conditions, and by the consequent adjustments of the turbine yaw angle needed to maximize power production. Consequently, taking into account possible variations of the relative position between the LiDAR measurement volume and wake location, different measuring techniques were carried out in order to perform 2-D and 3-D characterizations of the mean wake velocity field. However, larger measurement volumes and higher spatial resolution require longer sampling periods; thus, to investigate wake turbulence tests were also performed by staring the LiDAR laser beam over fixed directions and with the maximum sampling frequency. The characterization of the wake recovery along the downwind direction is performed. Moreover, wake turbulence peaks are detected at turbine top-tip height, which can represent increased fatigue loads for downstream wind turbines within a wind farm.
(Im)mobile Geographies
Authors: Minca C.
Published: May 2013

Abstract. The growing tendency to evaluate – sometimes even ''measure'' – the ''productivity'' of academics is seriously affecting what we consider to be relevant geographical output. This tendency is also significantly reshaping the actual geographies of the disciplinary debate, by introducing important debates about the relationship between one English speaking mainstream international literature and the different national schools. However, the related discussion on the Anglo-American hegemony in geography seems to be strongly influenced by the growing request on the part of university management to identify ways of ''ranking'' good research and how to respond to the increasing internationalization of academic work. This paper will discuss the effects of neoliberal agendas on how geographical work is promoted, produced and circulated in Europe, with different results in different contexts; in some cases originating perverse impacts on the quality of geographical work; in others, creating the opportunity for innovative agendas and for more transparent ways of managing academic careers.
Jacques Rancière’s Aesthetic Regime and Democratic Education
Authors: Lewis Tyson E.
Published: May 2013

This article examines the shared crisis in art and education through the lens of Jacques Rancière’s aesthetic theory. Using China Mieville’s novel The City and the City as a literary model for understanding the relation between these two practices, the author argues that democratic education is, first and foremost, a reconfiguring of the distribution of the sensible. Through a critical analysis of lifelong learning, relational pedagogy, and stultifying pedagogy, the article concludes with a theory of democratic education that finds its inspiration in not only Rancière’s theory but also in Mieville’s novel.
Screening for Cervical Cancer in Low-Resource Settings in 2011
Authors: Tambouret Rosemary
Published: May 2013

Context.—Cervical cancer remains the most common malignancy in women living in low- and middle-income countries, despite the decline of the disease in countries where cervical cytology screening programs have been implemented.

Objectives.—To review the current incidence of cervical cancer in low-resource countries, the availability and types of screening programs, and the treatment options.

Data Sources.—Literature review through PubMed, Internet search, and personal communication.

Conclusions.—Although data are incomplete, available figures confirm that the rate of cervical cancer deaths and the availability of cervical cancer screening programs are inversely proportional and vary, in general, by the wealth of the nation. Despite the success of cervical cytology screening, many major health care organizations have abandoned screening by cytology in favor of direct visualization methods with immediate treatment of lesions by cryotherapy provided by trained, nonmedical personnel.
Histiocytic/Dendritic Cell Transformation of B-Cell Neoplasms: Pathologic Evidence of Lineage Conversion in Differentiated Hematolymphoid Malignancies
Authors: Stoecker Maggie M. , Wang Endi
Published: May 2013

B-cell lymphomas, such as low-grade follicular lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma, can transform to histiocytic/dendritic cell sarcoma (H/DS) in rare cases. The diagnosis of this unconventional neoplastic evolution relies on a combination of immunophenotypic analysis and genotypic studies. A genotype identical to that of the primary B-cell neoplasm in a secondary neoplasm with H/DS immunophenotype supports the lineage conversion to H/DS. Putative mechanisms for this unusual phenomenon include dedifferentiation, common immature progenitor, and transdifferentiation models, the latter of which is suggested by clinical laboratory data at the present time. Elucidation of the molecular mechanisms governing this lineage conversion may facilitate the understanding of carcinogenesis of not only hematopoietic but also nonhematolymphoid neoplasms. The clinical outcome of secondary H/DS is dismal, as observed in sporadic cases, and the optimal treatment remains to be determined.
Limiting the Extent of a Delayed Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction With Automated Red Blood Cell Exchange
Authors: Tormey Christopher A. , Stack Gary
Published: May 2013

Delayed hemolytic transfusion reactions (DHTRs) are mediated by blood group antibodies that undergo anamnestic increases following antigen reexposure. Available options for the treatment or prophylaxis of DHTRs are limited. We report the use of automated red blood cell exchange (ARE) to limit hemolysis associated with an emerging DHTR. Following transfusion of 12 red blood cell units, a family member's comments led to the discovery of a patient's history of 4 alloantibodies (anti-E, anti-c, anti-Fya, and anti-M). Testing revealed that all 12 units were incompatible for at least 1 antigen. Six days after transfusion, the patient developed a newly positive antibody screen and direct antiglobulin test (DAT) result. To prevent further hemolysis, ARE was performed to replace incompatible red blood cells with antigen-negative units. After ARE, the patient's DAT results were negative and he was discharged without demonstrating symptoms of hemolysis. This case illustrates the use of ARE to limit hemolysis and prevent symptoms of a DHTR.
Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology in Ethiopia
Authors: Yeshi Melisachew M. , Tambouret Rosemary H. , Brachtel Elena F.
Published: May 2013

Context.—Most of the population in Ethiopia lives below the poverty line with severely limited access to health care. The burden of infectious diseases is high, but benign and malignant neoplasms are also encountered frequently. For diagnosis of palpable lesions in this setting, fine-needle aspiration biopsy is the method of choice.

Objective.—To present findings from several patients from 3 major hospitals in Ethiopia who underwent fine-needle aspiration biopsy.

Data Sources.—Representative cytopathology cases of routinely encountered problems are shown. Often patients present with clinically advanced lesions. Staffing, technique, and equipment used for fine-needle aspiration biopsy are described at Black Lion Hospital (Addis Ababa), the University of Gonder Hospital (Gonder), and Ayder Referral Hospital of Mekelle University in the Tigray region of northern Ethiopia.

Conclusions.—Fine-needle aspiration biopsy is a highly effective method for diagnosis of mass lesions, especially in an environment with sparse health care resources, such as Ethiopia. This article illustrates the work of Ethiopian cytopathologists and emphasizes the constraints under which they perform their work.
Valproic Acid and Topiramate Induced Hyperammonemic Encephalopathy in a Patient With Normal Serum Carnitine
Authors: Blackford Martha G. , Do Stephanie T. , Enlow Thomas C. , Reed Michael D.
Published: May 2013

A 17-year-old female developed hyperammonemic encephalopathy 2 weeks after valproic acid (VPA), 500 mg twice a day, was added to her regimen of topiramate (TPM), 200 mg twice a day. She presented to the emergency department (ED) with altered mental status, hypotension, bradycardia, and lethargy. Laboratory analysis showed mild non-anion gap hyperchloremic acidosis, serum VPA concentration of 86 mg/L, and urine drug screen result that was positive for marijuana. She was admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit for persistent symptoms, prolonged QTc, and medical history. Blood ammonia concentrations were obtained because of her persistent altered mental status, initially 94 μmol/L and a peak of 252 μmol/L. A serum carnitine profile was obtained at the time of hyperammonemia and was found to be normal (results were available postdischarge). VPA and TPM were discontinued on day 1 and day 2, respectively, as the patient's blood ammonia concentration remained elevated. On day 3, her mental status had returned to baseline, and blood ammonia concentrations trended downward; by day 4 her blood ammonia concentration was 23 μmol/L. VPA has been associated with numerous side effects including hyperammonemia and encephalopathy. Recently, drug interactions with TPM and VPA have been reported; however, serum carnitine concentrations have not been available. We discuss the possible mechanisms that VPA and TPM may affect serum ammonia and carnitine concentrations and the use of levocarnitine for patients or treating toxicity.
Stenotrophomonas Infection in a Patient with Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency
Authors: Harthan Aaron A. , Heger Margaret L
Published: May 2013

The drug of choice for treatment of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, and second-line therapy usually consists of a fluoroquinolone. However, in patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, neither sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim nor a fluoroquinolone is a preferred option as it may result in hemolysis. Currently, there is a paucity of data regarding treatment of S maltophilia infection in these patients. This case report presents a patient who was successfully treated with doxycycline and inhaled colistimethate.
Loss of function of C9orf72 causes motor deficits in a zebrafish model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Ciura Sorana , Lattante Serena , Le Ber Isabelle , Latouche Morwena , Tostivint Hervé , Brice Alexis , Kabashi Edor
Published: May 2013

Objective

To define the role that repeat expansions of a GGGGCC hexanucleotide sequence of the C9orf72 gene play in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). A genetic model for ALS was developed to determine whether loss of function of the zebrafish orthologue of C9orf72 (zC9orf72) leads to abnormalities in neuronal development.

Methods

C9orf72 mRNA levels were quantified in brain and lymphoblasts derived from FTLD and ALS/FTLD patients and in zebrafish. Knockdown of the zC9orf72 was performed using 2 specific antisense morpholino oligonucleotides to block transcription. Quantifications of spontaneous swimming and tactile escape response, as well as measurements of axonal projections from the spinal cord, were performed.

Results

Significantly decreased expression of C9orf72 transcripts in brain and lymphoblasts was found in sporadic FTLD and ALS/FTLD patients with normal‐size or expanded hexanucleotide repeats. The zC9orf72 is selectively expressed in the developing nervous system at developmental stages. Loss of function of the zC9orf72 transcripts causes both behavioral and cellular deficits related to locomotion without major morphological abnormalities. These deficits were rescued upon overexpression of human C9orf72 mRNA transcripts.

Interpretation

Our results indicate C9orf72 haploinsufficiency could be a contributing factor in the spectrum of ALS/FTLD neurodegenerative disorders. Loss of function of the zebrafish orthologue of zC9orf72 expression in zebrafish is associated with axonal degeneration of motor neurons that can be rescued by expressing human C9orf72 mRNA, highlighting the specificity of the induced phenotype. These results reveal a pathogenic consequence of decreased C9orf72 levels, supporting a loss of function mechanism of disease. Ann Neurol 2013;74:180–187