bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Platelet-Rich plasma injections treatment in patients having early osteoarthritis of knee joint.
Authors:   Quaid e Azam Medical College/ Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Tahira Jamshed Medical Complex, Bahawalpur, Pakistan., Imran Ali , Ali Qazi Masroor ,   Quaid e Azam Medical College/ Bahawal Victoria Hospital / Civil Hospital, Bahawalpur, Pakistan., Raza Syed Hashim ,   Quaid e Azam Medical College/ Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
Published: August 2021

Objective: To find out the outcome following intra-articular platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection in patients having early OA of knee. Study Design: Prospective Study. Setting: Tahira Jamshed Medical Complex, Bahawalpur. Period: January 2019 to February 2020. Material & Methods: A total of 112 cases of both gender, aged 40 to 60 years, Grade I and Grade II OA, having symptoms of OA for a minimum duration of 1 year, were enrolled. All participants were assessed for physical activity and pain linked with arthritis as per “Western Ontario and McMaster University Arthritis Index (WOMAC) score”. Results: Out of a total 98 cases who completed the study, majority 58 (59.2%) were female, 67 (68.4%) had Kellgren-Lawrence Grade-I OA and 81 (82.7%) were experiencing OA symptoms with a duration of less than 2 years. The difference between mean WOMAC score before the treatment (80.38+6.3) and after PRP treatment (42.93+6.9) turned out to be statistically significant (p value < 0.001). After the treatment, cases having duration of symptoms of OA as less than 2 years had significantly less WOMAC score (p value = 0.0418). Conclusion: PRP treatment in patients having early OA seemed to be quite efficacious. The effects of PRP injections were more favorable in cases having clinical symptoms of OA for less than 2 years of duration.
Serum vitamin A, E & C in cortical & nuclear cataract patients.
Authors:   Al-Tibri Medical College, Isra University Karachi., - Ghazala , Siddiqui Jamil Ahmed ,   Fazaia Ruth Phau Medical College Faisal Base Karachi., Ali Syed Naqeeb ,   Al-Tibri Medical College, Isra University Karachi., Ali Syed Liaquat ,   Al-Tibri Medical College, Isra University Karachi., Shaikh Ghulam Serwar ,   Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical University CMC Larkana., Qureshi Anila ,   Al-Tibri Medical College, Isra University Karachi.
Published: August 2021

Objective: To assess the status of antioxidant vitamins (A, E & C) in cortical and nuclear cataracts patients. Study Design: Prospective Comparative study. Setting: Al-Ibrahim Eye Hospital and Biochemistry Department of Al-Tibri Medical College, Karachi. Period: Sept 2016 to Aug 2017. Material & Methods: A non-probability random sampling technique was used on 80 pre-diagnosed cataracts (cortical and nuclear) patients, and 40 control subjects were selected for the study. The demographic data were collected, and the blood sample of control and cataract patients were analyzed for random blood sugar and antioxidant vitamins (A, E, and C) by Elisa Method. Results: The Blood level of vitamins E was low in cataract patients as compared to control subjects. Conclusions: The blood level of vitamin E is less in cortical and nuclear cataract patients as compared to control but had shown no significant difference between cortical and nuclear cataract patients.
Association of trace elements with oral submucous fibrosis.
Authors:   Isra Dental College, Isra University Hyderabad, Sindh, Iqbal Waqas , Surwaich Arhama ,   Bhitai Dental and Medical College Mirpurkhas., Channa Surwaich Ali ,   Bibi Aseefa Dental (SMBBMU) College Larkana., Yousuf Khalid ,   LUMHS Jamshoro., Memon Shahzaman ,   Bhitai Dental & Medical College Mirpurkhas., Khuwaja Shafquat Hussain ,   Isra Dental College, Isra University, Hyderabad.
Published: August 2021

Objectives: Clinical assessment of OSMF patients visiting Isra dental college Hyderabad Sindh and correlation of trace elements in OSMF pathogenesis. Study Design: Observational Study. Setting: Outpatient Department, Oral Surgery Isra Dental College Hyderabad Sindh. Period: February 2016 January 2017. Material & Methods: Sixty research participants were categorized into control (group-II) and experimental group (group-I). Both clinical and physiological demographics of the research participants were recorded on a pre-designed questionnaire. In next phase, estimation of serum copper and serum zinc levels were determined for both control and OSMF patients by using spectrometric analysis. Patient data analysis was done by using Chi-square test and student’s t test. Where Microsoft office 2010 tools were also used for data presentation. Results: Based on clinical presentation 80 % patient were presenting with burning sensation in oral cavity in thirty OSMF patients. Where in control group only 3.3% patients were facing burning sensation in oral cavity. By assessing the functional staging of oral submucosa fibrosis about 50 % patients were presenting stage-II OSMF cytology. Where all the thirty participants in experimental group were presenting mucosal blanching. About 36 % patients suffering from OSMF were using Gutka and 33 % patients were using areca nut. Serum Zn mean value estimation in controls (Group II) and cases (Group I OSMF) was noted as 68.06 ± 17.10 and 94.20 ± 15.11 µg/dl respectively (t = 6.27, p=0.001). Conclusion: The present study concludes that increased serum trace element levels has significant correlation in the development and progression of OSMF.
Maternal Anemia and Fetal Birth Weight; a comparative, cross-sectional, multi-centric study.
Authors:   Allama Iqbal Medical College Lahore., Mustansir M. Ahmad , Faisal Abdul Rafae ,   Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad., Tauqir Isbah ,   Holy Family Hospital Rawalpindi., Akhtar Faisal Naveed ,   PNS Hafeez Islamabad., Singh Pramod ,   Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad., Butt Usamah Saeed ,   King Edward Medical University, Lahore.
Published: August 2021

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the relationship between maternal anemia and fetal birth weight and how other variables impact fetal birth weight. Study Design: Comparative, Cross-sectional, Multi-centric study. Setting: Labor Room Jinnah Hospital Lahore, Labor Room Allied Hospital Faisalabad, Labor Room Holy Family Hospital Rawalpindi. Period: 01-08-2020 to 31-10-2020. Material & Methods: The data for this comparative, cross-sectional, multi-centric study was collected using a structured questionnaire from 360 subjects with equal representation among 3 major tertiary care centers of Punjab, Pakistan. Sample size was calculated using Open-Epi software at 95 percent confidence interval, taking frequency of anticipated factor (frequency of LBW babies among anemic females) as 64 percent. The calculated sample was 353 and we recruited 360 subjects for the study. 120 subjects from each study setting were recruited and divided into anemic and non-anemic groups of 60 subjects each. The sample size was equally divided among anemic and non-anemic groups to achieve comparative analysis of both groups for a variety of variables. Data analysis was performed on R v 4.0.2. Results: This study demonstrated a significant association between maternal anemia and low fetal Birth weight. In Anemic group, 28.88% of the babies were born with Low Birth weight, as compared to 17.77% Low Birth weight babies in the Non-Anemic group, the difference being statistically significant (p<0.012). Conclusion: Maternal anemia and fetal birth weight have a significant negative correlation. Mothers with Anemia are more likely to give birth to babies with Low weight at Birth.
HUMAN RIGHTS IN UN COUNTER-TERRORISM DEBATE: IMPERATIVE OR IMPEDIMENT
Authors: NAHEED Iffat
Published: August 2021

“The war on terrorism” that was declared by the international community in the aftermath of 9/11 created a state of emergency. As a result, United Nations Security Council established the fact that the international peace and security should be the first and foremost on its priority list of agendas. UN Security Council created its subsidiary bodies to deal with counter terrorism but it failed to take human rights into consideration in the beginning. Initially, the procedures of UN Security Council committees gathered a criticism on account of causing damage to human rights laws, freedom of life and humanitarian laws. As a result, the procedures of committees evolved with passage of time to ensure that the counter terrorism measures are in accordance with human rights and humanitarian laws. This article provides an overview of the progress that gradually resulted in the prominence of human rights by UN Security Council committees and Human Rights Council. Recently, there has been initiated a debate again that the human rights protection is a hindrance in countering terrorism effectively and the opposition of human rights protection laws argue that there should be declared a state of emergency in a country to completely eliminate the threat of terrorism. The article also provides an overview of the ongoing debate on human rights as to what extent this debate proves to be an imperative or impediment suggesting a mixed and balanced approach as neglecting the human rights completely can cause more tragic situation than terrorism on one hand, however, on the other hand, there is a need to restrict some of the liberties as terrorists utilize those human rights and liberties to cause havoc in the world.
Determination of Spectral and Broadband Albedos in Visible-near Infrared Bands for Different Phenophases of Wheat Using Hemispherical Directional Reflectance Measurements
Authors: Lunagaria Manoj
Published: August 2021

Albedo is an important parameter in radiation balance, energy balance, atmospheric correction of remote sensing data and weather forecasting models. The values of albedo of agricultural area vary with changes in biophysical parameters at different phenophases of the crop. Spectral and broadband albedo of visible-infrared bands for wheat canopy was estimated with numerical and spectral integration of hemispherical directional reflectance factors (HDRFs). The HDRF measurements on wheat were acquired at 54 view angles (6 azimuthal planes × 9 view zenith angles) to cover the hemispheric span up to 60° view zenith at 7-8 days’ interval during early growth stages to physiological maturity. Canopy and atmospheric parameters were measured parallel to HDRFs of the crop. The spectral and broadband albedo of wheat varies in decreasing pattern with advancement of growth stages. Visible-infrared albedo of crop was maximum at early growth stages (tillering and booting; 0.23) and minimum at late growth stages (late milking and dough; 0.15). The albedo values retrieved from HDRF in this investigation can be useful for phenophase specific applications in cropland fluxes algorithms, crop phenotyping, regional climate modeling and other remote sensing studies.
Geological Features and Lithostratigraphy of Eocene-Oligocene Magmatic Rocks in the Dededağ Area-Biga Peninsula, NW Turkey
Authors: Erenoğlu Oya , Bozcu Mustafa
Published: August 2021

In NW Anatolia, Eocene-Oligocene post-collisional magmatism is continued with long intervals. In this study, it is aimed to reveal the lithostratigraphic position and geochemical characteristics of volcanic rocks outcropping in the southeast of Lapseki (Çanakkale) in NW Anatolia. The magmatic rocks that compose the topic of this study can be classified lithostratigraphically into 6 different units in the region. In Eocene period, there are calc-alkaline Laledağgranodiorite and Beyçayır volcanics with andesite, dacite composition that are the intermediate character, and also Kızıldamvolcanics in characters of alkaline and basic character (basaltic trachyandesite, trachybasalt). Furthermore, in Oligocene period, the calc-alkaline volcanism starting with Dededağvolcanics with dacite and rhyolite composition in acidic-intermediate character has continued with Kırcalarvolcanics consisting of basalt and basaltic andesite, and Harmancık volcanics ranging from basalt to rhyolite. Çamyayla Pluton is intruded to Oligocene volcanics in the region. In this study, the geochemical data proved that magmatic units arein character of alkaline and calc-alkalinefor Eocene-Oligocene period. Alkaline lavas in the region are classified as high K and shoshonitic and calc-alkaline lavas have medium-high-K.
The Effect of Electronic Marketing on the Quality of Tourism Services in Libya
Authors: EI-fitouri Mohamed Othman
Published: August 2021

The paper investigates enterprises in the Libyan tourism industry and their perception of the role of e-marketing in developing the industry. It considers enterprises that do not apply e- marketing, the problems they face and the benefits they would gain from an e-marketing programme. In relation to this the importance of e-marketing and the extent to which theory is followed is examined. The paper explores what should be done to develop e-marketing for tourist enterprises and how to implement strategic plans for the industry to increase its market share to enable it to compete in the international market place. The tourism industry is important to Libya’s economy and greater consideration should be given to its development and, in particular, to e-marketing. This is especially the case for small and medium-sized tourism enterprises (SMTEs) since most industrial sectors depend on these composing 50% privately owned and the rest full or part government owned.
Synchronization of clock pulses with an external pulse
Authors:   South-West State University, Brezhneva E. O. , Bondar O. G. , Poliakov N. V.
Published: August 2021

A method for synchronizing clock pulses with an external pulse is proposed, which allows reducing the errors in the formation of time intervals when changing the duration of the total delay of a multi-lead delay line, and a device that implements this method. Studies have been conducted that demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, and time diagrams are provided.
The influence of modern marketing techniques on the stylistic and grammar representation of business and advertising utterances in English and their translation into Ukrainian
Authors: Avramenko N. , Pyatnychka T. V.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. This study examines how modern marketing technologies affect the lexical and syntactic presentation of the business and advertising utterances that are client-oriented and their translation into Ukrainian. In particular, it describes how such psychological concept as "You-attidude" determinates the lexical, grammatical and syntactic structure of statements used in the business style of communication. The analysis of speech structures, which function in various English-language messages of advertising, business sphere and business correspondence, are analysed from the point of view of their lexical content, syntactic structure and style,the translation of these statements into Ukrainian has been presented.
An Application of Grice’s Cooperative Principle to the Analysis of a Written Business Negotiation Model
Authors: Baghramyan R.
Published: August 2021

This article focuses on institutional discourse pragmatics, highlighting its salient features in a business to customer negotiation model, based on an authentic business correspondence (email), through a prism of H. Grice’s Theory of Cooperative Principle. The central thrust of this theory is the application of the maxims of Quantity, Quality, Relation and Manner to speech acts to secure identification of participants’ intentions and sentence meaning, excluding irrelevancies throughout the communication process. Any kind of interaction in our life is accompanied by diverse tangible and intangible components. The role, function and impact of these aggregate components on the natural flow of communication irrespective of the form (oral/written) are the concern of pragmatics.
The Literary Applications Of Biblical Phraseological Units
Authors: Grigoryan A.
Published: August 2021

Linguistic expressions including phraseological units are the bearers of linguistic and stylistic meanings of many extralinguistic factors. Somatic phraseological units make up a large group in Modern English. One of the ways of representing somatic code is phraseological units with somatic element. The Bible and the great William Shakespeare left a huge phraseological heritage in English. The number of "biblical", or biblical phraseological turns is so great that it is rather difficult to list them. the main criteria of defining the presence of equivalents among English, Russian and Armenian somatic phraseological units are the general meaning, the structure and the lexical construction of the phraseological unit.
Woman-character and woman-author in ancient Greek and Roman literature: an attempt at the typology
Authors: Halchuk O.
Published: August 2021

The article proposes a typology of female characters of ancient literature. The typology is based on the dominant categories of «moral» (expressed by the dichotomy of «moral – immoral»), «heroic» («achievement – offence») and «aesthetic» («beautiful – ugly»). Through the prism of mythology, the semantics of the figurative gallery «woman-character» and «woman-author» reflects the specifics of the position of women in the ancient world. Misogyny is typical for the male world of antiquity. This determined the emphasis in the interpretation of women's masks, which were mainly given the role of the object of erotic posing. This, however, does not diminish the reception potential of female images of ancient origin in the subsequent world literary discourse.
Structural Patternings of English and Armenian Compounds
Authors: Hovhannisyan A. , Barseghyan G.
Published: August 2021

The current research is primarily devoted to outlining word-formation trends in compounds. Despite many efforts made by various linguists, word-formation still remains an uncharted area. The merit of this article lies in detailed exposition of some important problems connected with compounding in English and Armenian. Based on a contrastive approach, the main focus of the discussion will be to show both allomorphic and isomorphic features of typologically different languages in patterning compounds.
Genre and style, thematic specifics of Oleksa-Нai-Нolovko's prose
Authors: Kaplychna L. O.
Published: August 2021

The article analyzes the genre and style features of the artistic practice of the Ukrainian diaspora writer Oleksa Hai-Holovko (1910–2006), who lived in Canada. In the process of the analysis it was found that in his literary practice the writer used the main stylistic features of genre and thematic varieties of works following the principles of image, image system, plot and plot construction, composition, construction of space and time. The notion of genre and style is defined, the typological features of traditional prose in the context of the writer 's work are analyzed. It is proved that the genre is classified as a formal unit that expresses a certain meaning, based on specific criteria: issues, themes of prose, the author's position, trend, pathos, conflict of work, ideology, plot-compositional features, narrative form.
Non-verbal means in the emotional speech of men and women
Authors: Knyazyan A. T. , Margaryan T. R.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. The article deals with non-verbal means of expression in the speech of men and women. The non-verbal behavior of women differs from that of men. In this regard, it is especially important to study the non-verbal components of communication, reflecting a person's emotional reactions. Various non-verbal communication components are used to express the emotional responses of both men and women. Emotions, like information, can be conveyed in one or more non-verbal ways.
On the question of the lexical-semantic subgroup of names of dishes for liquids
Authors: Naumenko L. M.
Published: August 2021

The article continues the series of the author's publications, which are devoted to the study of the history of formation of separate lexical and semantic groups of names of dishes and furniture, which are most often used in everyday life of Ukrainian people. The article analyzes the tokens to denote the names of dishes used for liquid storage. The history of formation of names is traced; changes that have occurred at the phonetic or graphical levels. The language of origin and fixation in various Ukrainian sources have been established. The current state of use in the language is clarified: Ukrainian literary language or dialects.
National dependence of the axiological meanings in German-speaking cultural space
Authors: Petrochuk O. V.
Published: August 2021

The article examines the national conditioning of axiological meanings in the German-speaking cultural space, which are formed on the basis of conventional values. The concept of value is analyzed, which possesses a categorical meaning and is significant both for everyday life and for cognition. The value is associated with the peculiarities of the national culture, and with the cognitive activity of a person in the process of evaluating objects of the surrounding world. Value is always the result of human understanding and appreciation. With value perception, analogies are possible in the experiences and perceptions of individual people. These analogies determine the existence of certain common values characteristic of national mentality. The main paradigms of national mentality are formed in the Middle Ages. Values are explicated through linguistic expression. In evaluative linguistic signs, not only values are reflected (through positive evaluations), but also anti-values, characterized by negative evaluations. Language pairs that form semantic dyads correspond to certain national and cultural ideas about values and anti-values. The relationships that arise in the extralinguistic sphere determine the mechanisms of verbalization of values in the linguistic picture of the world. Evaluative and value worldviews are fragments of the linguistic worldview.
Representation of foreign literatures in English translations and ideological polarization of the world in the 20th century
Authors: Rudnytska N.
Published: August 2021

The article discusses the representation of foreign literatures in English translations in the context of the ideological polarization of the world in the 1920-80s. There have been highlighted ideological factors that influenced the choice of original literary works to be translated and peculiarities of representation of literatures of the Eastern bloc countries in the UK and the USA.
Change of mythological motifs in the chain "folklore-mythology-literature" (on the example of myths “King Oedipus”, “Rustem and Suhrab” and Orhan Pamuk's novel “The Red-Haired Woman”)
Authors: Rudnytska A. R. , Arnaut F. İ.
Published: August 2021

There are many works devoted to the study of the evolution of literary motifs common for a folklore and myths “King Oedipus” and “Rustem and Suhrab”. However, there are quite a few thorough studies on their use in the literature of the postmodern era. In the postmodern period, the concept of "originality" completely disappears, which makes the reference of the author of a novel to other works of oral and written literature, in particular myths, quite frequent. Due to the fact that the mythological motif borrowed by the author undergoes changes in the process of interpretation, there is a threat that the myth will acquire a new form, which may lead to its complete remoteness from the original source. This article is devoted to the study of the process of deformation of such motifs in the chain "folklore-mythologyliterature" and determining the stage at which the myths are located. Prospects for further research lie in the analysis of the functioning of the motives we have studied in other novels written in the postmodern era
Interpretation of the history of post-war France in Pascal Quignard’s “The American Occupation”
Authors: Savych O. V.
Published: August 2021

The article deals with the specifics of the interpretation of the history of post-war France, made by a contemporary French writer Pascal Quignard in the novel "The American Occupation" (1994). The writer represents in detail the chosen historical period, emphasizing its socio-political and cultural peculiarities. In addition, the author pays attention to the phenomenon of modification of the national identity of the protagonists influenced by American mass culture. The depiction of a specific historical epoch in this work becomes part of Pascal Quignard's reflection on the meaning of history in its entirety.
Discursive manifestation of the addressee
Authors: Yeshchenko T. A.
Published: August 2021

The article describes the text category "addressability" in communicative and pragmatic aspects. It presents the types of addressees, their discursive manifestations and features in the verbal whole through the prism of titles, dedications, epigraphs. The recipients are classified according to external text / internal text features.
Rationality in Education: to the question of the content component of an Academic discipline
Authors: Dolska O. , Lobas V.
Published: August 2021

Today, many countries are experiencing a crisis in education, which they are trying to cope with in various ways. One of the dominant elements of possible reforming is a change in the content of the academic discipline. Attempts to revise or transform it directly or indirectly concern the topic of pedagogical reason and rationality in education. The authors suggest taking into account the levels of rationality in education when constructing the content component. The options in the nature of changes in the content component have always indicated not only new educational strategies, but also a paradigm shift in education
Theoretical principles of gender approach implementation in the educational process of modern educational establishments
Authors: Karnaukh L. P.
Published: August 2021

The article was dedicated to highlighting the views of modern researchers on the problem of gender approach implementing in the conditions of the activities of preschool educational establishments. The author of the study substantiated the purposefulness of applying a gender approach in the educational process as a mechanism for achieving gender equality and establishing opportunities of equal value for self-realization of each personality. The essential characteristics of the gender approach making provision for the orientation on neutralization and mitigation of the difference between the sexes, gender stereotypes; taking into account the social-and-gender differences between children; promotion of activities meeting the interests of the individual regardless of gender were revealed
Voice teacher’s artistic-pedagogical proficiency in the terminological field of scientific research
Authors: Rui Tao , Nikolai H.
Published: August 2021

The article makes an attempt to organize the conceptual-terminological field of research of the phenomenon of “voice teacher’s artistic-pedagogical proficiency” in order to give the most appropriate definition. It is proved that a voice teacher’s artisticpedagogical proficiency is a qualitative characteristic of his professional competence, which is manifested in a specific set of qualities necessary for successful teaching in music pedagogy and concerns teaching students the interpretation of artistic images by means of vocal technique and free possession of pedagogical technique.
Pylyp Kozytskyi's creative collaboration with Galician artists
Authors: Nimylovych O. M. , Filonenko L. P.
Published: August 2021

The article deals with the many-sided creative personality of a composer, scientist, teacher and music and public figure Pylyp Kozytskyi (1893-1960) through the prism of his artistic collaboration with prominent epresentatives of artists from Galicia, especially a singer Modest Mentsynskyi, a composer Vasyl Barvinskyi, a director Les Kurbas and teachers and pedagogues of the Lviv Conservatory. Such meetings and contacts contributed to the development of Ukrainian musical culture and education, because the exchange of experience, creativity, organization of concerts and first performances of works by Galician authors in Great Ukraine created a new page in the history of Ukrainian music.
Dialogue of cultures in the music of I. Stravinsky
Authors: Arefieva E. Yu.
Published: August 2021

The relevance of the definition of the phenomenon of dialogue of cultures in Stravinsky's music is noted. I. Stravinsky was a philosopher in music, had his own poetics, aesthetics, his own definition of the phenomenology of music, which developed in the rather complex realities and adequations of the cultural space of the twentieth century. The dialogue of cultures can be defined as a vertical, different cultural contexts are actualized in a work of art, which makes them sound in unison. Allusions, polystylistics, even eclecticism are signs of the dialogue of cultures as an immanent reality of cultural interaction in the work of I. Stravinsky.
The features of using the interactive museum expositions in modern exhibition practice
Authors: Behal T. O.
Published: August 2021

The article analyzes the characteristic features of the interactive museum exposition as an integral part of the museum space. The main factors influencing the development and improvement of the modern museum exposition in general are substantiated. Based on the analysis of exposition solutions of European museums, the main models of multimedia technologies that can be used in the design of interactive museum expositions are proposed.
Modeling the competencies of a top manager as part of a management team
Authors: Korolov D. S.
Published: August 2021

The article substantiates that special attention should be paid to the level of development of competencies, managers, contributing to the achievement of team results when assessing the competencies of team members in the top management of a company. The adapted "20 faces" competency framework of top managers of the company was clarified by assigning different weights to competencies, whose high level of development is a prerequisite for effective activity of a manager as part of a team. An expert survey of specialists was conducted, according to the results of which the importance of competencies aimed at obtaining a team result, wellcoordinated work and obtaining a synergistic effect from the team cooperation of the company's top managers was confirmed. The aggregate indicator of the level of development of top managers' competencies was clarified by taking into account the weighting factors, which were determined as a result of an expert survey.
The place of the elite of society in the context of individual freedom
Authors: Lymar V.
Published: August 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the influence of the worldview of each individual - relating to a certain set of citizens - on the existence of a particular state system in the area. The generally accepted political classification of "elite-mass" is analyzed from the standpoint of informal distribution, where the intellectual elite consists of responsible selfless individuals who invent vital ideas, implement them and bring them to the masses under their control. If this or that idea is thus freely accepted by the general public, forms their general worldview, then this is the main factor in the fact that such a state system covers this community of citizens
Organizational And Legal Mechanism Ukraine's Cooperation With NATO: Developments And Disadvantages
Authors: Ben Yana
Published: August 2021

The study was conducted on the basis of the contradictory nature of Ukraine's cooperation with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, established in 1992. On the onehand, Ukraine has consistently stated its intention to integrate into NATO as a full member. The country has formed an organizational and legal mechanism for cooperation with NATO. The reis an indefinite Charter on a Distinctive Partnership between Ukraine and NATO. Intentions for full membership in the Alliance are included in the Constitution of Ukraine and national security legislation. The norm of cooperation between the parties is the development and signing of various programs for cooperation in security, defense, education and other areas. The majority of Ukrainian society supports the state's intention to join NATO. On the other hand, despite long-term cooperation with the Alliance, Ukraine has not receivedan Action Plan for NATO membership, which makes the ultimate goal of integration unattainable. The main obstacle to Ukraine's Euro-Atlantic integration has been and remains the insufficient pace of reforming the country's political, economic, judicial and other basic systems, as well as the security and defense sector. The over all result of the study is to emphasize the attention of the Ukrainian side to the need to accelerateur gent state reforms, update the existing organizational and legal mechanism of cooperation between Ukraine and NATO, bringing all components of the security and defense sector to Western standards. The conclusions point to the main contradiction in the practical support of Ukraine's Euro-Atlantic movement: the national state-building elite did not ensure the continuity of the political course on Euro-Atlantic integration and the accumulation of constructivism along the way. The hypothesis of the study was to prove the existence of a "medium" level of cooperation between Ukraine and NATO on the basis of the existing organizational and legal mechanism, which does not yetallow to raise the issue of Ukrainian integration into the Allianceon a full basis.The hypothesis is generally proven. It is considered appropriate to further monitor the state, problems of functioning, prospects for the development of the organizational and legal mechanism of Ukraine's cooperation with NATO with the formulation of appropriate recommendations to improveits effectiveness.
Ways and forms of overcoming crisis situations in PR: change of PR strategies under the influence of COVID-19 worldview
Authors: Ukhalina N. S.
Published: August 2021

The proposed article systematizes the experience of research on public relations, as well as the change and construction of PR strategies under the influence of COVID-19, its features and ways of implementation. The experience of previous strategies and the latest approaches to public relations are considered. Based on theoretical research and practical developments, measures are proposed to create an effective PR strategy that will work on a positive image of the company or person in a pandemic.
Historical and theoretical aspects of the study of mass media
Authors: Sukharevska H. V.
Published: August 2021

the article defines the basic concepts in the field of mass media research. It is noted that the research of mass communications is presented in the scientific and educational literature by a wide range of author’s positions on its structuring depending on the choice of features and priorities for the selection of structural elements. It is pointed out that the study of mass communication in Western countries is developing essentially as a single research complex with a focus on managerial, ideological and cultural aspects of com- municative influence on man and society. It is noted that there are three relatively independent areas of research: 1) non-verbal analysis of rationality in the «production of culture», with emphasis on the organization of mass media and ensuring a level of professionalism and sales in a competitive environment. 2) Neo-Marxist approach, with the study of the symbolic aspect of ideological coercion and political hegemony. 3) Neo-Durkheimian studies of «public perception», which focus on the formation by the mass media of collective ideas of a sense of solidarity of individuals as members of mass audiences. It is emphasized that the basis for the differentiation of approaches to the study of mass communication in society is the relationship between the role of spiritual and material factors. It is pointed out that on the one hand, culturological approaches are widespread, which focus on the study of mass communication in the context of ideas, values, ideas that are both produced and disseminated by them in society. On the other hand, the influential tradition of analysis of mass communication sharpens attention to the study of the structure of property relations, the peculiarities of the imple-mentation of market relations in the field of mass communication. The impact on the media of the achievements of scientific and technological progress, which significantly change their nature, expand their functions in the following areas: 1) decentralization - the choice of programs increasingly depends on the individual, 2)increasing the volume of information programs, 3) the possibility of interactivity - interaction communication for information exchange
The Representation of sexuality in humor programs on Ukrainian television
Authors: Hrysiuk V. P.
Published: August 2021

The process of sexuality representation in humor programs on Ukrainian television in 2017-2020 is considered on example of the "Studia Kvartal 95" (1 + 1), "Diesel Show" (ICTV) and "Varyaty Show" (New Channel) content. A model of creating a sexually marked humor content on Ukrainian television has also been designed, consisting of five elements: 1) stereotype and / or cliché; 2) topical and / or interesting topic for the audience; 3) artistic conjecture and / or hyperbolization, 4) real context; 5) the image and charisma of the speaker. These elements are based on seven categories, which were represented by Dutch scholars Monek Buisen and Patti Valkenburg: farce, clowning, surprise, misunderstanding, irony, satire and parody. The relevance of the study is due to the need of regulating the process of media sexualization by setting the borders and ways to distribute relevant content.
Quality and reliability of content as factors in the flow of television audience to Internet resources
Authors: Naumova M.
Published: August 2021

The Internet successfully competes with television as a source of information on socio-political issues. The article analyzes the objective (digitalization) and subjective (trust, tastes, preferences, etc.) factors that contribute to the flow of the audience to online information resources. Consumer sensitivity to distorted, manipulative content and the practice of testing media messages for authenticity are considered.
Еffective channels of communication of Ukrainian publishing houses with readers
Authors: Yezhyzhanska T.
Published: August 2021

The article presents the results of a survey devoted to identifying problems of communication of book publishing houses of Ukraine with readers and buyers of their products. Priority communication channels have been identified, from which readers will learn about publishers' news and book market events
Colonialism, Postcolonialism, Neocolonialism: High-Time to Shift the Focus
Authors: Ivanova A. K.
Published: August 2021

The piece deals with the concepts of colonialism, postcolonialism, and neocolonialism as analytical frameworks for studying global world order within social sciences. The article stands on a critical position and aims to explain why the postcolonial approach is not relevant in its examination of the current world order. As an alternative the piece offers to consider a neocolonial framework as a more applicable approach to the analysis of the today's capitalist word order.
The role and significance of professional speech competence for social work specialists
Authors: Kolodiy N. V.
Published: August 2021

The article reveals the role and importance of professional speech competence for social workers. It is determined that the professional speech competence of a social work specialist is his ability to qualitatively and effectively use language norms to achieve certain goals and objectives, in accordance with specific professional speech situations. The key pedagogical conditions for the formation of professional speech competence of future social workers are identified as specially created necessary and sufficient actions, interactions, circumstances, opportunities and factors of subjects and objects of the educational process, implemented within the institution of higher education.
Navigating the CrossRoads of Development From Childhood to Adolescence: Through the transitional stages of communication that resolutes Self-Identity with the symbiocosm of communitization that challenges the conscience of the child and Adolescent mind
Authors: Warrick Carolyn Marie , University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT:This Manuscript is a compilation of collected research analysis applied to Theory that sequesters on the who, what, where, when, why, and how that is determinate of the outcomes with the factoring of Development perusary with Childhood and Adolescense. This query of Relativity poses for contemplation as to what direction taken will qualify the identification of the Self for children and adolescents with the decisions they make that will circumnavigate the course to the Route objective for establishing a symbiotic pattern of communication that will channel the personification of the Conscience with the youth mind. This is made possible whether the CrossRoads toward achieving Self-Actualization be guided by constructive or destructive forms of methodological assimilation into a community of attachment and security that equates with a psyche-somatic sense of belonging and assimbio-spheric communitization. This is made adherent in order for the systemic processing of Self-Actualization is to be plausibly transversive by methods of a transpositing binary symbiocodum formalization of a socio-linguistic communication; that iscircum-navigational and the route course to achieving Self-Egosive relativity intunement with childrens and adolescents assimbiocodum relations to their associate community environments. From which many other children and adolescents havesuccessfully transcended through; having pinnacled the Pre:Pubescent stages of Absolutionary Development in Childhood and Adolescence.
Lowering the p-value threshold to alleviate information crisis in nutritional epidemiology – a possible temporary solution?
Authors: da Costa Gabriel Gonçalves
Published: August 2021

Nutritional epidemiology has often been criticized by its inconsistency of results, these that are broadcasted to the media due to the public interest in the topic. Effect sizes in nutritional epidemiology are often small and biases are present. The cut-off of statistically significant results in the field currently is by the norm of 5%, that is, p < 0.05 equals to a positive finding. Recent evidence found that lowering this threshold makes less claims to hold true. This said, lowering the alpha level in nutritional epidemiology could reduce the scenario in the field characterized by high frequency of positive and probably implausible findings. Of course, this would require a culture shift towards encouragement of negative findings, already proposed in some fields of science.
Principles and Significance of Base Editing and Prime Editing.
Authors: Sobko Alex
Published: August 2021

Collected by Alex Sobko. No abstract available.
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) as a Systemic Disorder: Pathways to Cardiovascular Disease. Article in press, HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY, 2021.
Authors: Krantz David S. , Shank Lisa M. , Goodie Jeffrey L.
Published: August 2021

Evidence indicates that post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a significant risk factor for the development and progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Most explanations for PTSD-CVD associations conceptualize PTSD as a stress-related mental health disorder that elicits physiological, behavioral, and psychological responses that are causal factors in the development of cardiovascular disorders. This article reviews evidence for the broader physical health consequences of PTSD, and presents a conceptual model based on research suggesting that PTSD is a systemic disorder. Specifically, research findings indicate that diagnostic criteria are just the “tip of the iceberg” of a broader systemic disorder with elements that are cardiovascular risk factors. These systemic physiological and behavioral elements therefore should not be regarded as accompanying but unrelated diseases or comorbidities, but as inherent components of PTSD that directly impact the development of CVD. The systemic disorder approach has implications for the conceptualization of PTSD as a cardiovascular risk factor, needed research on PTSD and CVD, and clinical efforts to reduce PTSD-associated cardiovascular risk. It is suggested that treatments that aim to reduce cardiovascular disease risk need to address both the PTSD diagnostic components and its associated cardiovascular risk factors. Further research is needed to test the applicability and implications of the systemic disorder perspective.
Unsupervised text segmentation predicts eye ﬁxations during reading
Authors: Yang Jinbiao , Bosch Antal van den , Frank Stefan L.
Published: August 2021

Words typically form the basis of psycholinguistic and computational linguistic studies about sentence processing. However, recent evidence shows the basic units during reading, i.e., the items in the mental lexicon, are not always words, but could also be sub-word and supra-word units. To recognize these units, human readers require a cognitive mechanism to learn and detect them. In this paper, we assume eye fixations during reading reveal the locations of the cognitive units, and that the cognitive units are analogous with the text units discovered by unsupervised segmentation models. We predict eye fixations by model-segmented units on both English and Dutch text. The results show the model-segmented units predict eye fixations better than word units. This finding suggests that the predictive performance of model-segmented units indicates their plausibility as cognitive units. The Less-is-Better (LiB) model, which finds the units that minimize both long-term and working memory load, offers advantages both in terms of prediction score and efficiency among alternative models. Our results also suggest that modeling the least-effort principle on the management of long-term and working memory can lead to inferring cognitive units. Overall, the study supports the theory that the mental lexicon stores not only words but also smaller and larger units, suggests that fixation locations during reading depend on these units, and shows that unsupervised segmentation models can discover these units.
Reexploring Children’s Illness Uncertainty and Management Experiences with Female Japanese Cancer Survivors
Authors: Ishii Yu , Endo Toshihiko
Published: August 2021

The purpose of our study was to examine what illness uncertainties (IU) children experience now and how they manage it, with the aim to use the findings to construct long-term, comprehensive developmental care for children with illness. We conducted interviews with six Japanese adolescent cancer survivors, all recruited from the same hospital in Tokyo, Japan. Using directed content analysis, we first present new aspects of children’s IU, the first one being the IU of hospitalization itself, which may be frequently experienced by younger children. We also present the necessity to distinguish and examine IU with and without answers, and discuss the uncertainty of “why me?” Also, in terms of IU management, we present the informative value “role models” have in terms of reducing IU, and depict how uncertainty acceptance might be a new goal a patient aims to achieve.