bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stochastic Schrödinger equation derivation of non-Markovian two-time correlation functions
Authors: Carballeira Rafael , Dolgitzer David , Zhao Peng , Zeng Debing , Chen Yusui
Published: June 2021

We derive the evolution equations for two-time correlation functions of a generalized non-Markovian open quantum system based on a modified stochastic Schrödinger equation approach. We find that the two-time reduced propagator, an object that used to be characterized by two independent stochastic processes in the Hilbert space of the system, can be simplified and obtained by taking ensemble average over one single noise. This discovery can save the cost of computation, and accelerate the converging process when taking the average over noisy trajectories. As a result, our method can be widely applied to many open quantum models, especially large-scale systems and extend the quantum regression theory to the non-Markovian case. In the short-time simulations, it is observed a significant difference between Markovian and non-Markovian cases, which can be applied to realize the environmental spectrum detection and enhance the measurement sensitivity in varying open quantum systems.
Prognostic factors for mortality in invasive pneumococcal disease in adult: a system review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Hao , Matsumoto Hiromi , Horita Nobuyuki , Hara Yu , Kobayashi Nobuaki , Kaneko Takeshi
Published: June 2021

Risk factors associated with mortality in invasive pneumococcal disease remain unclear. The present work is a meta-analysis of studies that enrolled only patients with invasive pneumococcal disease and reported on mortality. Potentially eligible reports were identified from PubMed, CHAHL, and Web of Science, comprising 26 reports in total. Overall mortality for invasive pneumococcal disease was reported as 20.8% (95% confidence interval (CI) 17.5–24%). Factors associated with mortality were age (odds ratio (OR) 3.04, 95% CI 2.5–3.68), nursing home (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.13–2.32), nosocomial infection (OR 2.10, 95% CI 1.52–2.89), septic shock (OR 13.35, 95% CI 4.54–39.31), underlying chronic diseases (OR 2.34, 95% CI 1.78–3.09), solid organ tumor (OR 5.34, 95% CI 2.07–13.74), immunosuppressed status (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.31–2.14), and alcohol abuse (OR 3.14, 95% CI 2.13–4.64). Mortality rates with invasive pneumococcal disease remained high, and these findings may help clinicians provide appropriate initial treatment for this disease.
Magnetic nanoparticles hyperthermia in a non-adiabatic and radiating process
Authors: Iglesias C. A. M. , de Araújo J. C. R. , Xavier J. , Anders R. L. , de Araújo J. M. , da Silva R. B. , Soares J. M. , Brito E. L. , Streck L. , Fonseca J. L. C. , Plá Cid C. C. , Gamino M. , Silva E. F. , Chesman C. , Correa M. A. , de Medeiros S. N. , Bohn F.
Published: June 2021

We investigate the magnetic nanoparticles hyperthermia in a non-adiabatic and radiating process through the calorimetric method. Specifically, we propose a theoretical approach to magnetic hyperthermia from a thermodynamic point of view. To test the robustness of the approach, we perform hyperthermia experiments and analyse the thermal behavior of magnetite and magnesium ferrite magnetic nanoparticles dispersed in water submitted to an alternating magnetic field. From our findings, besides estimating the specific loss power value from a non-adiabatic and radiating process, thus enhancing the accuracy in the determination of this quantity, we provide physical meaning to a parameter found in literature that still remained not fully understood, the effective thermal conductance, and bring to light how it can be obtained from experiment. In addition, we show our approach brings a correction to the estimated experimental results for specific loss power and effective thermal conductance, thus demonstrating the importance of the heat loss rate due to the thermal radiation in magnetic hyperthermia.
RUNX1 and REXO2 are associated with the heterogeneity and prognosis of IDH wild type lower grade glioma
Authors: Wang Haiwei , Wang Xinrui , Xu Liangpu , Zhang Ji , Cao Hua
Published: June 2021

Based on isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) alterations, lower grade glioma (LGG) is divided into IDH mutant and wild type subgroups. However, the further classification of IDH wild type LGG was unclear. Here, IDH wild type LGG patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas were divided into two sub-clusters using non-negative matrix factorization. IDH wild type LGG patients in sub-cluster2 had prolonged overall survival and low frequency of CDKN2A alterations and low immune infiltrations. Differentially expressed genes in sub-cluster1 were positively correlated with RUNX1 transcription factor. Moreover, IDH wild type LGG patients with higher stromal score or immune score were positively correlated with RUNX1 transcription factor. RUNX1 and its target gene REXO2 were up-regulated in sub-cluster1 and associated with the worse prognosis of IDH wild type LGG. RUNX1 and REXO2 were associated with the higher immune infiltrations. Furthermore, RUNX1 and REXO2 were correlated with the worse prognosis of LGG or glioma. IDH wild type LGG in sub-cluster2 was hyper-methylated. REXO2 hyper-methylation was associated with the favorable prognosis of LGG or glioma. At last, we showed that, age, tumor grade and REXO2 expression were independent prognostic factors in IDH wild type LGG.
Choice of 16S ribosomal RNA primers affects the microbiome analysis in chicken ceca
Authors: Darwish Nadia , Shao Jonathan , Schreier Lori L. , Proszkowiec-Weglarz Monika
Published: June 2021

We evaluated the effect of applying different sets of 16S rRNA primers on bacterial composition, diversity, and predicted function in chicken ceca. Cecal contents from Ross 708 birds at 1, 3, and 5 weeks of age were collected for DNA isolation. Eight different primer pairs targeting different variable regions of the 16S rRNA gene were employed. DNA sequences were analyzed using open-source platform QIIME2 and the Greengenes database. PICRUSt2 was used to determine the predicted function of bacterial communities. Changes in bacterial relative abundance due to 16S primers were determined by GLMs. The average PCR amplicon size ranged from 315 bp (V3) to 769 bp (V4–V6). Alpha- and beta-diversity, taxonomic composition, and predicted functions were significantly affected by the primer choice. Beta diversity analysis based on Unweighted UniFrac distance matrix showed separation of microbiota with four different clusters of bacterial communities. Based on the alpha- and beta-diversity and taxonomic composition, variable regions V1–V3(1) and (2), and V3–V4 and V3–V5 were in most consensus. Our data strongly suggest that selection of particular sets of the 16S rRNA primers can impact microbiota analysis and interpretation of results in chicken as was shown previously for humans and other animal species.
Experimental observation of asymmetrical microwave jets and far-field distribution generated by a dual-material system
Authors: Varghese B. , Shramkova O. , Minard P. , Blondé L. , Drazic V. , Allié V.
Published: June 2021

In this paper, we report the experimental and numerical investigation of plane wave diffraction by an all-dielectric dual-material cuboid. Edge diffraction by a cuboid leads to the generation of a narrow, high intensity beam in the near-field region called a photonic jet. We examine the dependence of the jet behavior and orientation on the materials and dimensions of constitutive parts in the microwave frequency domain. The possibility to shift and deviate the resultant microwave jet in the near-field region of such a structure depending on the size of constitutive parts is demonstrated numerically. Experimentally, we observe a shift in the spatial position of the jet. The experimental asymmetric electric field profile observed in the far-field region is attributed to the input of multiple edge waves generated by the dual-material cuboid. The presented results may be scaled at different frequency bands such as optical frequencies for designing nanostructures enabling the focusing and deviation functionality and creation of new optical devices which would satisfy the needs of emerging nanophotonic applications.
Regulation of the acetylcholine/α7nAChR anti-inflammatory pathway in COVID-19 patients
Authors: Courties Alice , Boussier Jeremy , Hadjadj Jérôme , Yatim Nader , Barnabei Laura , Péré Hélène , Veyer David , Kernéis Solen , Carlier Nicolas , Pène Frédéric , Rieux-Laucat Frédéric , Charbit Bruno , Bondet Vincent , Duffy Darragh , Berenbaum Francis , Terrier Benjamin , Sellam Jérémie
Published: June 2021

The cholinergic system has been proposed as a potential regulator of COVID-19-induced hypercytokinemia. We investigated whole-blood expression of cholinergic system members and correlated it with COVID-19 severity. Patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and healthy aged-matched controls were included in this non-interventional study. A whole blood sample was drawn between 9–11 days after symptoms onset, and peripheral leukocyte phenotyping, cytokines measurement, RNA expression and plasma viral load were determined. Additionally, whole-blood expression of native alpha-7 nicotinic subunit and its negative dominant duplicate (CHRFAM7A), choline acetyltransferase and acetylcholine esterase (AchE) were determined. Thirty-seven patients with COVID-19 (10 moderate, 11 severe and 16 with critical disease) and 14 controls were included. Expression of CHRFAM7A was significantly lower in critical COVID-19 patients compared to controls. COVID-19 patients not expressing CHRFAM7A had higher levels of CRP, more extended pulmonary lesions and displayed more pronounced lymphopenia. COVID-19 patients without CHRFAM7A expression also showed increased TNF pathway expression in whole blood. AchE was also expressed in 30 COVID-19 patients and in all controls. COVID-19-induced hypercytokinemia is associated with decreased expression of the pro-inflammatory dominant negative duplicate CHRFAM7A. Expression of this duplicate might be considered before targeting the cholinergic system in COVID-19 with nicotine.
Emergent synchronous beating behavior in spontaneous beating cardiomyocyte clusters
Authors: Sakamoto Kazufumi , Hondo Yoshitsune , Takahashi Naoki , Tanaka Yuhei , Sekine Rikuto , Shimoda Kenji , Watanabe Haruki , Yasuda Kenji
Published: June 2021

We investigated the dominant rule determining synchronization of beating intervals of cardiomyocytes after the clustering of mouse primary and human embryonic-stem-cell (hES)-derived cardiomyocytes. Cardiomyocyte clusters were formed in concave agarose cultivation chambers and their beating intervals were compared with those of dispersed isolated single cells. Distribution analysis revealed that the clusters’ synchronized interbeat intervals (IBIs) were longer than the majority of those of isolated single cells, which is against the conventional faster firing regulation or “overdrive suppression.” IBI distribution of the isolated individual cardiomyocytes acquired from the beating clusters also confirmed that the clusters’ IBI was longer than those of the majority of constituent cardiomyocytes. In the complementary experiment in which cell clusters were connected together and then separated again, two cardiomyocyte clusters having different IBIs were attached and synchronized to the longer IBIs than those of the two clusters’ original IBIs, and recovered to shorter IBIs after their separation. This is not only against overdrive suppression but also mathematical synchronization models, such as the Kuramoto model, in which synchronized beating becomes intermediate between the two clusters’ IBIs. These results suggest that emergent slower synchronous beating occurred in homogeneous cardiomyocyte clusters as a community effect of spontaneously beating cells.
Author Correction: Increased Ca2+ content of the sarcoplasmic reticulum provides arrhythmogenic trigger source in swimming-induced rat athlete’s heart model
Authors: Gazdag Péter , Oravecz Kinga , Acsai Károly , Demeter‑Haludka Vivien , Ördög Balázs , Szlovák Jozefina , Kohajda Zsófia , Polyák Alexandra , Barta Bálint András , Oláh Attila , Radovits Tamás , Merkely Béla , Papp Julius Gy. , Baczkó István , Varró András , Nagy Norbert , Prorok János
Published: June 2021

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Cascade targeting tumor mitochondria with CuS nanoparticles for enhanced photothermal therapy in the second near-infrared window
Authors: Wu Haiyan , Jia Pengpeng , Zou Yu , Jiang Jiang
Published: June 2021

A cascade targeting design enables CuS nanoparticles to specifically target tumor mitochondria, achieving significantly improved efficacy of NIR-II photothermal therapy.
Endogenous reactive oxygen species burst induced and spatiotemporally controlled multiple drug release by traceable nanoparticles for enhancing antitumor efficacy
Authors: Wang Ning , Liu Chenyu , Yao Weihe , Zhou Hengjun , Yu Simiao , Chen Hailiang , Qiao Weihong
Published: June 2021

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are not only used as a therapeutic reagent in chemodynamic therapy (CDT), to stimulate the release of drugs, they can also be used to achieve a combined effect of CDT and chemotherapy to enhance anticancer effects.
Therapeutic perspectives of the black cumin component thymoquinone: A review
Authors: Sarkar Chandan , Jamaddar Sarmin , Islam Tawhida , Mondal Milon , Islam Muhammad Torequl , Mubarak Mohammad S.
Published: June 2021

The dietary phytochemical thymoquinone, obtained from the black and angular seeds ofNigella sativa, is a promising monoterpenoid hydrocarbons, which has been receiving massive attention for its therapeutic potential and pharmacological properties.
Accelerated design of promising mixed lead-free double halide organic–inorganic perovskites for photovoltaics using machine learning
Authors: Wu Yilei , Lu Shuaihua , Ju Ming-Gang , Zhou Qionghua , Wang Jinlan
Published: June 2021

Mixed double halide organic–inorganic perovskites (MDHOIPs) exhibit both good stability and high power conversion efficiency and have been regarded as attractive photovoltaic materials.
Design of graphenic nanocomposites containing chitosan and polyethylene glycol for spinal cord injury improvement
Authors: Yari-Ilkhchi Ayda , Ebrahimi-Kalan Abbas , Farhoudi Mehdi , Mahkam Mehrdad
Published: June 2021

Herein we report a novel nanocomposite consisting of PEG and CS with a potential advantage in spinal tissue regeneration.
Effect of OH substitution in 3-benzylchroman-4-ones: crystallographic, CSD, DFT, FTIR, Hirshfeld surface, and energy framework analysis
Authors: Abdul Salam Abdul Ajees , T. Shilpa , Kumar S. Madan , Bankapur Aseefhali , Sinha Rajeev K. , Simon Lalitha , Chidangil Santhosh
Published: June 2021

Laser-induced crystallization, single crystal X-ray crystallography, CSD, DFT, FTIR, Hirshfeld surface, and energy frameworks analysis of two new 3-benzylchroman-4-one structures.
Multifunctional electrochemical biosensor with “tetrahedral tripods” assisted multiple tandem hairpins assembly for ultra-sensitive detection of target DNA
Authors: Huang Yuqi , Zhao Shuhui , Zhang Wenxiu , Duan Qiuyue , Yan Qi , Fu Hu , Zhong Liang , Yi Gang
Published: June 2021

Schematic illustration of the fabricated electrochemical biosensor. TTs assisted multiple tandem hairpins assembly for ultra-sensitive detection of target DNA.
Zinc(ii) and cadmium(ii) amorphous metal–organic frameworks (aMOFs): study of activation process and high-pressure adsorption of greenhouse gases
Authors: Almáši Miroslav , Király Nikolas , Zeleňák Vladimír , Vilková Mária , Bourrelly Sandrine
Published: June 2021

Two novel amorphous metal–organic frameworks UPJS-13 and UPJS-14, constructed of Zn(ii)/Cd(ii) ions and extended tetrahedral linker were prepared, characterised and applied as adsorbents for carbon dioxide and methane.
Estimation of total energy requirement for sewage treatment by a microbial fuel cell with a one-meter air-cathode assuming Michaelis–Menten COD degradation
Authors: Yamane Taiki , Yoshida Naoko , Sugioka Mari
Published: June 2021

Calculations of chemical oxygen demand (COD) degradation in sewage by a microbial fuel cell (MFC) were used to estimate the total energy required for treatment of the sewage.
Absolute configuration retention of a configurationally labile ligand during dynamic processes of thiolate protected gold clusters
Authors: Wang Yanan , Makkonen Esko , Chen Xi , Bürgi Thomas
Published: June 2021

The ligand exchange between a configurationally labile BiDi ligand and intrinsically chiral Au38 gold nanoclusters is diastereoselective. More importantly, the adsorbed ligand retains its configuration during dynamic cluster processes.
Swimming droplets in 1D geometries: an active Bretherton problem
Authors: de Blois Charlotte , Bertin Vincent , Suda Saori , Ichikawa Masatoshi , Reyssat Mathilde , Dauchot Olivier
Published: June 2021

Active droplets in capillaries swim at a speed set by physico-chemistry independent of their confinement, which is confirmed theoretically by an active Bretherton model. They spontaneously divide under strong confinement leaving behind dead droplets.
Rate dependent structural changes, cycling stability, and Li-ion diffusivity in a layered–layered oxide cathode material after prolonged cycling
Authors: Kaewmala Songyoot , Limphirat Wanwisa , Yordsri Visittapong , Nash Jeffrey , Srilomsak Sutham , Kesorn Aniwat , Limthongkul Pimpa , Meethong Nonglak
Published: June 2021

This work shows that cycling at a high rate can reduce the structural transition of a layered–layered oxide cathode material during cycling, resulting in a higher cycling stability and faster Li ion diffusion at prolonged cycles.
Ultrahigh solar steam generation rate of a vertically aligned reduced graphene oxide foam realized by dynamic compression
Authors: Li Wei , Tian Xiaohan , Li Xiaofeng , Han Shuang , Li Changjun , Zhai Xian-Zhi , Kang Yu , Yu Zhong-Zhen
Published: June 2021

Dynamic compression is proven to be an efficient strategy to adjust the water energy state in the channels of V-RGO foams. The V-RGO foam with a compressive strain of 47.1% exhibits a water evaporation rate of 3.39 kg m−2 h−1 under 1-sun irradiation.
The effects of dopant concentration and excitation intensity on the upconversion and downconversion emission processes of β-NaYF4:Yb3+,Er3+ nanoparticles
Authors: Torres Vera Vivian , Mendez-Gonzalez Diego , Ramos-Ramos Diego J. , Igalla Asmae , Laurenti Marco , Contreras-Caceres Rafael , Lopez-Cabarcos Enrique , Díaz Elena , Rubio-Retama Jorge , Melle Sonia , G. Calderón Oscar
Published: June 2021

The optimal dopant concentration in UCNPs for simultaneous visible and NIR luminescence was determined by controlling the sensitizer-to-activator ratio while maintaining the total amount of dopants.
A dual-wavelength electrochromic film based on a Pt(ii) complex for optical modulation at telecommunication wavelengths and dark solid-state display devices
Authors: Pi Qiaozhen , Bi Dongqin , Qiu Dongfang , Wang Hongwei , Cheng Xinfeng , Feng Yuquan , Zhao Qian , Zhou Mingdong
Published: June 2021

The film prepared by oxidative electropolymerization of a cyclometalated Pt(ii) phenylacetylide shows the independent optical modulation at 1520 nm under +1.0 V, and the long-term electrochromic behaviour at 773 nm between −0.5 and +1.6 V.
Insight into the aggregation prospective of Schiff base AIEgens enabling an efficient hydrazine sensor in their aggregated state
Authors: Halder Senjuti , Nayak Biswajit , Bhattacharjee Basu , Ramesh Aiyagari , Das Gopal
Published: June 2021

Two AIE-active small fluorogenic Schiff base molecules can selectively sense hydrazine via turn-on fluorescence response in their aggregated state.
Cholesterol metabolism: a new molecular switch to control inflammation
Authors: Cardoso Diana , Perucha Esperanza
Published: June 2021

The immune system protects the body against harm by inducing inflammation. During the immune response, cells of the immune system get activated, divided and differentiated in order to eliminate the danger signal. This process relies on the metabolic reprogramming of both catabolic and anabolic pathways not only to produce energy in the form of ATP but also to generate metabolites that exert key functions in controlling the response. Equally important to mounting an appropriate effector response is the process of immune resolution, as uncontrolled inflammation is implicated in the pathogenesis of many human diseases, including allergy, chronic inflammation and cancer. In this review, we aim to introduce the reader to the field of cholesterol immunometabolism and discuss how both metabolites arising from the pathway and cholesterol homeostasis are able to impact innate and adaptive immune cells, staging cholesterol homeostasis at the centre of an adequate immune response. We also review evidence that demonstrates the clear impact that cholesterol metabolism has in both the induction and the resolution of the inflammatory response. Finally, we propose that emerging data in this field not only increase our understanding of immunometabolism but also provide new tools for monitoring and intervening in human diseases, where controlling and/or modifying inflammation is desirable.
Wafer‐fused 1300 nm VCSELs with an active region based on superlattice
Authors: Blokhin Sergey , Babichev Andrey , Gladyshev Andrey , Karachinsky Leonid , Novikov Innokenty , Blokhin Alexey , Rochas Stanislav , Denisov Dmitrii , Voropaev Kirill , Ionov Alexander , Ledentsov Nikolay , Egorov Anton
Published: June 2021

The 1300 nm range vertical‐cavity surface‐emitting lasers with the active region based on InGaAs/InGaAlAs superlattice are fabricated using molecular‐beam epitaxy and the double wafer‐fusion technique. Lasers with the buried tunnel junction diameter of 5 μm have shown single‐mode CW operation with the output optical power of ∼6 mW at 20°C. Opened eye diagrams are observed up to 10 Gbps.
Oxidative modifications and structural changes of human serum albumin in response to air dielectric barrier discharge plasma
Authors: Peng Siqi , Zhang Liyang , Zhang Dongheyu , Guo Yuntao , Wang Xinxin , Zhou Qun , Luo Haiyun
Published: June 2021

In this work, the air dielectric barrier discharge plasma was applied to a model of protein human serum albumin to explore plasma‐mediated protein damage from a biomolecular perspective. Carbonylation and side chain modifications of protein in solution were observed by Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry (MS). Protein backbone cleavage is proved by Bradford assay, sodium dodecyl sulphate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and MS. Typical fragments are in the range of 10–12 kDa. The decrease in α‐helix and increase in β‐sheet indicated by FT‐IR are major protein secondary structure changes. Accordingly, a whole map of protein oxidative damage and structural changes in response to the plasma was postulated.
Experimental analyses of two‐body wave energy converters with hydraulic power take‐off damping in regular and irregular waves
Authors: Wu Shuang , Liu Yanjun , Qin Jian
Published: June 2021

A flume experimental study of a two‐body wave energy converter (WEC) with a hydraulic power take‐off (PTO) was conducted under the conditions of both regular and irregular waves. The experimental results were analysed using the control variable method, and the effects of the wave elements and external load on the relative heave motion response and capture width ratio of the device are discussed. For the regular waves, three modes were found when analysing the variation of the relative heave motion response with the incident wave height, and the initial moving line of the WEC model was obtained. For the irregular waves, the experiment displayed two motion states. One was a following motion with a similar value to the incident wave period, and the other was a delayed motion with a larger value than the wave period. Based on the calculation of the capture width ratio of the system both under the regular and irregular wave conditions, the maximum value occurred at a frequency ratio of and a hydraulic load of p = 0.20. The capture width ratio in the irregular waves was approximately 10%‐40% higher than that of the regular waves for the same wave parameters.
VEGAS: A VST Early-type GAlaxy Survey
Authors: Ragusa Rossella , Spavone Marilena , Iodice Enrichetta , Brough Sarah , Raj Maria Angela , Paolillo Maurizio , Cantiello Michele , Forbes Duncan A. , La Marca Antonio , D’Ago Giuseppe , Rampazzo Roberto , Schipani Pietro
Published: June 2021

Context. In this paper, we present ultra-deep images of the compact group of galaxies HCG 86 as part of the VEGAS survey.

Aims. Our main goals are to estimate the amount of intra-group light (IGL) as well as to study the light and colour distributions in order to address the main formation process of the IGL component in groups of galaxies.

Methods. We derived the azimuthally averaged surface brightness profiles in the g, r, and i bands with g − r and r − i average colours and colour profiles for all group members. By fitting the light distribution, we extrapolated the contribution of the stellar halos plus the diffuse light from the brightest component of each galaxy. The results are compared with theoretical predictions.

Results. The long integration time and wide area covered make our data reach deeper than previous literature studies of the IGL in compact groups of galaxies and allow us to produce an extended (∼160 kpc) map of the IGL, down to a surface brightness level of ∼30 mag arcsec−2 in the g band. The IGL in HCG 86 is mainly in diffuse form and has average colours of g − r ∼ 0.8 mag and r − i ∼ 0.4 mag. The fraction of IGL in HCG 86 is ∼16% of the total luminosity of the group, and this is consistent with estimates available for other compact groups and loose groups of galaxies of similar virial masses. A weak trend is present between the amount of IGL and the early-type to late-type galaxy ratio. A lack of a clear correlation is found between the amount of diffuse light and the cluster or group virial mass.

Conclusions. By comparing the IGL fraction and colours with those predicted by simulations, the amount of IGL in HCG 86 would be the result of the disruption of satellites at an epoch of z ∼ 0.4. At this redshift, the observed colours are consistent with the scenario where the main contribution to the mass of the IGL comes from the intermediate-to-massive galaxies (1010 ≤ M* ≤ 1011 M⊙).
H2S observations in young stellar disks in Taurus
Authors: Rivière-Marichalar P. , Fuente A. , Le Gal R. , Arabhavi A. M. , Cazaux S. , Navarro-Almaida D. , Ribas A. , Mendigutía I. , Barrado D. , Montesinos B.
Published: June 2021

Context. Studying gas chemistry in protoplanetary disks is key to understanding the process of planet formation. Sulfur chemistry in particular is poorly understood in interstellar environments, and the location of the main reservoirs remains unknown. Protoplanetary disks in Taurus are ideal targets for studying the evolution of the composition of planet forming systems.

Aims. We aim to elucidate the chemical origin of sulfur-bearing molecular emission in protoplanetary disks, with a special focus on H2S emission, and to identify candidate species that could become the main molecular sulfur reservoirs in protoplanetary systems.

Methods. We used IRAM 30 m observations of nine gas-rich young stellar objects (YSOs) in Taurus to perform a survey of sulfur-bearing and oxygen-bearing molecular species. In this paper we present our results for the CS 3–2 (ν0 = 146.969 GHz), H2CO 21,1−11,0 (ν0 = 150.498 GHz), and H2S 11,0−10,1 (ν0 = 168.763 GHz) emission lines.

Results. We detected H2S emission in four sources out of the nine observed, significantly increasing the number of detections toward YSOs. We also detected H2CO and CS in six out of the nine. We identify a tentative correlation between H2S 11,0−10,1 and H2CO 21,1−11,0 as well as a tentative correlation between H2S 11,0−10,1 and H2O 818−707. By assuming local thermodynamical equilibrium, we computed column densities for the sources in the sample, with N(o-H2S) values ranging between 2.6 × 1012 cm−2 and 1.5 × 1013 cm−2.
A novel mechanistic approach to interpret results of chemo-osmotic tests
Authors: Shoormasti Nima Hamidian , Tabatabaeinezhad Alireza
Published: June 2021

In this paper, we introduce a new approach to interpret results of chemo-osmotic (or membrane efficiency) tests on shale. In contrast to the conventional approach which determines the two transport parameters called membrane efficiency and diffusion coefficient by experiments, the present approach takes into account micro-scale mechanisms and uses rock and solution properties to model the transport of water and ions through shale. In this paper, we introduce and explain the new approach, evaluate its features, perform a sensibility analysis, and finally run a matching on experimental data by the new approach. The study shows that the new ap-proach has greater flexibility compared with the conventional approach, is sensible for rock and solution properties, and is capable to match with ex-perimental data.
Kineticand thermodynamic aspects of flotation beneficiation of polymetallic raw materials
Authors: Kalmykova T.D. , Kuznetsov V.V.
Published: June 2021

The article presents the results of the development of a method-ological approach to the analysis of kinetic and thermodynamic parameters for improving the efficiency of flotation processing of polymetallic raw materials.The kinetic dependences of flotation, the hydrophobizing ability of butyl potassium xanthogenate, and the effect of reagents on preliminary mechanical activation were studied, and flotation modeling with and with-out an oxidizer was performed. The best results of convergence with the kinetic dependences of flotation are shown by the Beloglazov equation, the Kelsall and the modified Kelsall models. Technological indicators of sul-fide flotation in the presence of oxidants are higher, which can be ex-plained by the intensive oxidation of the formed transient ions on the sur-face of minerals, which contributes to the alignment of the flotation properties of the surface.It is possible to integrate the proposed research methods into technological schemes in order to optimize technological in-dicators and increase profits.
Investigation of the structure of cement conglomerates
Authors: Shabanov D. N. , Trambitsky E. , Borovkova E.
Published: June 2021

This article describes the structural studies of a cement conglomerate, its evolution from the moment of formation to the loss of operational properties. Physical and chemical phenomena and interactions of various elements of cement stone are considered. The study of its rheology includes creating a virtual model and monitoring the formation of the structure of cement pastes by acoustic emission (AE). The results of combined experimental studies to determine the residual life of cement stone samples using AE and tensometry methods are presented. The authors created a complex for monitoring the stress-strain state of artificial conglomerates, which includes both internal and acoustic sensors.
To improve the contact adaptability of mechanical roof support
Authors: Babyr N. , Babyr K.
Published: June 2021

The article proposes a constructive technical solution to increase the contact adaptivity of the mechanical roof support. The developed solution of the mechanized support section is able to adapt to changing mining and geological conditions in the process of excavation of the mining pillar, which increases the efficiency and safety of coal excavation in the longwall.
Improving the heat transfer efficiency of a direct-flow recycling boiler using organic fluid
Authors: Peretyatko M.A. , Yakovlev P.V. , Peretyatko S.A.
Published: June 2021

This paper considers the problem of studying the heat transfer exchange during boiling in a direct-flow recycling boiler using an organic coolant. The study was conducted using numerical modelling in the ANSYS software package. Asaresultofthestudyavisual picture eofvaporphasedistributionwasobtained. This picture shows that the studied heat-exchange surface can be conditionally divided into two areas: the area of intense vaporization and the area in which the degree of dry vapor varies insignificantly. Analysis of changes in the heat transfer coefficient along the length of the heat-exchange surface led to the conclusion that heat transfer in the second area is inefficient. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that intensification of heat transfer is necessary, for which it is proposed to install a separator at the boundary between the selected areas. The subject of the study is the dependence of the variationin the heat transfer coefficient along the length of the pipe and the determination of the boundary between the selected areas at various values of the defining parameters. Numerical simulation for therange of variationofthe defining parameters corresponding to the actual temperature regimeof power steam boilers and the conditions for the implementation of heat recovery in organic Rankine cycle unitswas performed.
Well-to-Wheel analysis of natural gas for hybrid electric truck application
Authors: Zhang F. , Nader W.B. , Zoughaib A. , Luo X.
Published: June 2021

Compressed natural gas as an alternative fuel obviously has a great potential to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions. Although several studies on the life cycle are quite comprehensive for passenger vehicles, it is problematic to apply these results to heavy-duty electric hybrid trucks. This paper describes the Well-to-Wheel methodology for environmental impact from the gas production to its final application. The CO2 equivalent emissions and the methane leakage point will be identified at the end. The results indicate that compressed natural gas-based trucks have 18.7% less CO2 equivalent emissions than diesel-based ones. However, this benefit may be affected by methane leakage, particularly, in the recovery phase. Reducing methane emissions upstream could be an opportunity to optimize the pollution performance of heavy hybrid electric trucks.
Optimization of the energy system of the Taimyr coal basin through energy storage
Authors: Deev A. , Lebedev V.
Published: June 2021

This article examines the influence of energy storage on the possibility of increasing the efficiency of a power plant on the example of the model of the power system of the Taimyr coal basin. The main elements of the power system calculated in this paper included: household consumers (township of Dixon), industrial consumers (coal mining enterprises), sources of thermal and electric energy (coal-fired combined heat and power plant). Storage equipment was selected for the storage of thermal and electrical energy in the power system, such as energy storage systems based on lithium-ion batteries and hot water storage tanks. The changes in the operation modes of the combined heat and power plant during the introduction of battery systems in the power system were evaluated, and the efficiency of the combined heat and power plant was calculated for various modes of energy storage.
Manifestation of digital transformation risks – marginality or insight?
Authors: Pavlova E.V. , Sunami A.N.
Published: June 2021

Today the conflict nature of digital transformation became apparent. However, very limited study has been carried out on this issue. The aim of this study is today a theoretical basis for further studies. The authors systematize theoretical and practical material and made a critical selection of relevant conceptual tools focused on analyzing the interrelation of risk-reflections and conflict management strategies. Using risk-reflective and conflict logical approaches, the authors came to the conclusion that digital transformation can be perceived by social actors as a risk, and as a reflection of this reaction, may ignite social conflicts. It was inferred that the destructive risk reflection can be presented as an unrealistic conflict, in which real object is replaced by a false one and demonstrates an inadequate choice of response to threats and risks. Thus, the development of tools for such reflections and interventions allows transforming the response to threats towards strengthening the constructive component, therefore preventing violent unrealistic conflicts owing to risks.
Impact of mining industry growth on sustainable development indicators
Authors: Kurakova K.N. , Ponomarenko T.V.
Published: June 2021

Recently, the idea of sustainable development has become moreand more widespread, which is why many countries and companies have questions about how to assess the correctness and compliance of their actions with this trend. This topic is particularly relevant for countries with resource-based economies. This paper examines various approaches to this assessment using the mining industry as an example. It alsotests the hypothesis of whether the activities of the mineral sector can contribute to the development of the country in the unity of economic, social and environmental components by conducting a correlation analysis in this work. The study was conducted on the example of Mongolia as a country with a resource-based economy.
Recommendations for methane prognostics and adjustment of short-term prevention measures based on methane hazard levels in coal mine longwalls
Authors: Niewiadomski A.P. , Badura H. , Pach G.
Published: June 2021

The article describes the recommended procedure for conducting methane forecasts and selection of the methane prevention measures that adequately reflect the level of risk of methane combustion and explosion. The appropriate selection of measures to prevent methane exposure can be effective at mitigating the exposure risk of the miners and other mine employees. Implementation of these measures can have the additional benefit of increasing mine output and efficiency. For example, prediction of methane concentrations can reduce the instances of unplanned equipment downtime to maintain mine safety and integrity. The presented procedure is the culmination of extensive research on three predictive models of short-term average methane concentrations. Identifying the advantages and disadvantages of the models became possible by verifying the models against a nearly 500-day dataset obtained from 7 longwalls with identified significant methane content. Furthermore, selected studies were presented based on one of the datasets obtained from the U-ventilated longwall.
Multifunctional crust breaker for automatic alumina feeding system of aluminum reduction cell
Authors: Shestakov A.K. , Sadykov R.M. , Petrov P.A.
Published: June 2021

For efficient operation of high-power aluminum reduction cells with prebaked anodes,full-time monitoring of the main technological parameters is required.This article discusses a multifunctional crust breaker of the automatic alumina feeding system. It provides the alumina supply to the bath by breaking the continuously solidifying crust on the surface of the melt. The multifunctional crust breaker is also a part of the automatic alumina feed system, providing regular automatic measurements of the process parameters.This article describes the development of a laboratory bench with a multifunctional crust breaking device. The goal and objectives are set. The design of the device is presented in the paper. The paper shows the advantages of using an automatic alumina feeding system with the developed multifunctional crust breaker.The positive effect of using the bench in the training process is discussed.
Research on Energy-Environment-Economy-Ecology Coupling Development in the Yellow River Basin
Authors: Zhao Jinhui , Tian Lin , Ding Lin , Sun He , Li Puxi
Published: June 2021

The Yellow River Basin is a major economic development area in China, and the high quality development of the basin still has great room for improvement. The coordinated development of energy, environment, economy and ecology is one of the keys to high quality development of the watershed. Aiming at the problem of energy, environment, economy and ecology restricting and promoting, this paper takes the nine provinces of the Yellow River as the research object, based on data from 2004 to 2017, through establishing the coupling coordination system of ecology, environment, economy and energy, using CRITIC method to study the characteristics of each subsystem of the basin in time and space. The results show that the score of energy, environment, economy and ecology is phased in time, and the level of compound coupling coordination is increasing year by year and the growth rate is obvious. The coupling coordination degree of the Yellow River basin has significant stage and regional characteristics in time and space, the coordination degree of the upper and middle reaches is higher than the coordination degree of the downstream coupling, but the difference between the three is gradually reduced with time.
Modeling analysis of typical equipment and construction of energy supply scenarios for electric energy substitution
Authors: Liang Junyu , Yuan Xingyu , Wang Yongli , Ma Yuze , Tao Siyi , Chen Xin , Huang Feifei
Published: June 2021

This paper studies the design of clean electric energy alternatives based on electric energy alternative equipment. First, sort out the current research status of energy substitution at home and abroad, and determine the research focus of electric energy substitution; list the electric energy substitution equipment that is suitable for construction, industrial, commercial and other fields, analyze its technical characteristics and specific application scenarios; list each device To analyze the performance of the equipment, establish a multi-factor output model for energy storage and production equipment according to the key influencing factors of the equipment performance coefficient; finally, based the above research, consider the substitutability of each equipment With complementary characteristics, the design is suitable for high-clean energy electric energy to replace typical structures.
Back Calculation of Leakage Accident Source Term of Liquid Ammonia Gas Storage Tank
Authors: Liu Chang , Su Teng , Zhou Ru
Published: June 2021

Ammonia is a colorless and toxic gas. Due to its fast leakage rate, the leakage port is not easy to detect, and it is often difficult to seal it, causing more serious personal injuries and property losses. So it is a key problem to predict the intensity and location of toxic and harmful gas leakage quickly and accurately. Then it needs to combine the atmospheric diffusion model and optimization algorithm to establish the source term information back calculation model, and solve the location and intensity of the leakage source based on the concentration data of the downwind direction of the leakage source. Based on the analysis of the physical and chemical properties of ammonia, according to Wilson plume rising experience formula and Gauss plume model, the leakage model of liquid ammonia storage tank is established, and the effective monitoring points are extracted. According to the concentration of simulated monitoring points, the source information is calculated by particle swarm optimization algorithm. The feasibility of this method in the leakage of liquid ammonia storage tank is verified, which can help emergency response of accidents.
Rural road ecological landscape planning system based on interactive genetic algorithm
Authors: Shen Chunlan
Published: June 2021

Traditional vegetation landscape spatial hierarchical planning system is faced with huge and complex real data, because its throughput is too low to get more accurate data, this paper proposes a rural road ecological landscape planning system based on interactive genetic algorithm. In the hardware design of the system, the structure distribution of ZingRDK feature extraction hardware is mainly designed, and the functions and parameters of the chip and HDMI interface in the structure are designed in detail. In the software design of the system, the interactive genetic algorithm is applied to the planning process, and then the visual feature reconstruction method is used to collect the green plant landscape image. The edge contour feature of the collected image is extracted, and the color component fusion method is used to enhance the information of green plant landscape image. The intuitionistic ambiguity set of multi-resolution landscape image is given, and the intelligent landscape planning result is calculated by fuzzy information clustering method. The results of the system test show that the net data throughput of the designed rural road landscape planning system is greater than that of the traditional planning system, which indicates that the plant landscape planning system has stronger ability to acquire and process data.
Study on water-use quotas for public institutions in China — Taking government agency as an example
Authors: Yu-bo Zhang , Ling Lin , Hong-ying Hu , Xue Bai
Published: June 2021

The shortage of water resources has become a critical factor that restricts China’s economic and social development. Given that the numerous public institutions in China operate with large amounts of personnel, they consume massive water. Thus, the corresponding water-use quota was urgently needed. This paper explored setting quotas for governmental agencies in north and south district in China, adopting the quota level method. And comparisons between the results and the current national water-use quota and local water-use quota were carried out.
NDVI Variations and Its Responses to hydrothermal process in the Naqu River Basin, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau-Alpine Region
Authors: Yan Dengming , Peng Shaoming , Ding Xingchen , Yu Zhilei
Published: June 2021

Extensive studies have been conducted over the whole year and various seasons to characterize the temporal and spatial changes in vegetation NDVI. However, there are few studies on the variations of NDVI in different soil hydrothermal processes of the alpine region. So we studied the spatial-temporal variation of vegetation cover and its responses to hydrothermal process in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau-alpine region. Based on the GIMMS NDVI remote sensing images from 1982 to 2015, the temporal and spatial variations of NDVI in the Naqu river basin at different time scales were studied by using maximum synthesis method, and the linear regression. Results show that the vegetation has an overall degradation trend in the Naqu river basin, with primarily moderate and mild degradation degrees. Completely freezing period, completely melting period and freezing process period are the main vegetation degradation periods.
Research on aero engines based on green energy saving
Authors: Xiaoning Xu
Published: June 2021

As a bridge between the economy and society, air transportation plays an important role, and the aircraft engine, which is the “heart” of the aircraft, is the key to achieve all this. However, in recent years, the particulate matter emission and carbon dioxide greenhouse effect of aircraft have brought serious pollution to the world and are of great concern. Therefore, this paper will be based on the concepts of low carbon, green, energy saving, environmental protection and safety, as well as the social development requirements of carbon balance. By studying the pollution sources and elimination methods of aviation engines, further analyzing the development process of green aviation in China and the experience and inspiration of developing green aviation in Europe, the paper aims to propose innovative development ideas in the field of aviation power in order to better serve economic development and social progress.