bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ochicanthon fernandoi: a replacement name for the primary junior homonym O. vazdemelloi Latha and Sabu 2011 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae)
Authors: SABU THOMAS K. , LATHA MATHEWS
Published: March 2019

Ochicanthon vazdemelloi Latha & Sabu 2011, a wingless new species of dung beetle, was described from the tropical montane cloud forests in the Western Ghats, India (Latha et al. 2011). Authors named the species after Fernando Z. Vaz-de-Mello (Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiaba, Brazil). However, we discovered after publication that this species name was a primary junior homonym of another Ochicanthon species from Sumatra: Ochicanthon vazdemelloi Ochi, Kon & Hartini, 2009 (Ochi et al. 2009). Hence, Ochicanthon fernandoi Sabu & Latha, new name is here proposed as a replacement name for Ochicanthon vazdemelloi Latha & Sabu 2011.
Biology of the Afrotropical Sepedonella nana (Diptera: Sciomyzidae), whose larvae feed only on freshwater Aulophorus furcatus (Oligochaeta: Naididae)
Authors: VALA JEANCLAUDE , GBEDJISSI LOUIS GHÉLUS
Published: March 2019

All studies during the last six decades have stated that sciomyzid larvae are strictly malacophagous. However, the Afrotropical sciomyzid Sepedonella nana species was found in this study to feed only on the small freshwater oligochaete, Aulophorus furcatus. The divergent oligophagous feeding behaviour of this species was investigated. The physical attributes of the egg, first-, secondand third-instar larvae, and the puparium are described. Four types of sensilla—coeloconicum, trichodeum, chaeticum, and styloconicum—are present with a characteristic distribution on each tagma. Each thoracic segment is distinguished by presence of a pair of Keilin’s organ on ventral surface. Each abdominal segment has eleven pairs of the same sensilla types; their variable locations are presented. Population dynamics of the adults are shown from our field investigations in permanent and temporary freshwater biotopes during 1996–2008. The life cycle of the species is presented from our field observations and laboratory experiments. Among the 62 species of Afrotropical Sciomyzidae, this is the eighth species for which life-cycle is entirely resolved.
Oxynaspididae (Crustacea, Cirripedia): phylogenetics and evolutionary ecology, with descriptions of three new genera and six new species
Authors: VAN SYOC ROBERT J. , DEKELBOUM ALLEN M.
Published: March 2019

A phylogenetic analysis of the Cirripedia family Oxynaspididae yields four monophyletic clades. These are designated as four genera, Oxynaspis Darwin, 1852, Archoxynaspis gen. nov., Pycnaspis gen. nov. and Minyaspis gen. nov. Five new species from Astrolabe Reef in Fiji (Oxynaspis perekrestenkoi sp. nov., O. joankovanae sp. nov., Minyaspis amylaneae sp. nov., M. opreskoi sp. nov. and M. welchi sp. nov.) and one from Palau (Oxynaspis joandianae sp. nov.) are described. A morphological character dataset and resulting phylogeny supporting the new generic divisions is presented. All but two of the 24 species previously known and all six of the newly described species are intimately associated with antipatharians. Pycnaspis connectens was described by Broch (1931) as “fixed to a silicious sponge.” A list of species’ ranges and their known hosts is presented. The earliest known possible antipatharian in the fossil record is Miocene, much later than the Eocene appearance of Archoxynaspis eocenica (Withers, 1935). Therefore, the symbiosis of oxynaspidids with antipatharians may have evolved only since the Miocene. However, given the dubious fossil record of antipatharians (known only from a single specimen of uncertain affinity from Miocene Italy) the time of the first antipatharian/oxynaspidid symbiosis is uncertain.
Hermit crabs from Brazil: Family Paguridae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Paguroidea), except Pagurus
Authors: NUCCI PAULO RICARDO , DE MELO GUSTAVO AUGUSTO SCHMIDT
Published: March 2019

In a previous paper we presented the species of the genus Pagurus recorded from Brazil. Here, we present the other 12 genera of the family Paguridae that occur in Brazil, with diagnoses, synonymies, illustrations and keys to species. These 12 genera include 16 species, some of which were found recently and only in deeper waters. This suggests the need for further studies in areas that have been little studied in Brazil.
Polysertularella polyseriata, a new genus and species of hydroid (Hydrozoa; Leptothecata; Sertulariidae) from the Sea of Okhotsk
Authors: ANTSULEVICH ALEXANDER
Published: March 2019

Polysertularella polyseriata, gen. et sp. nov., a hydroid referable to family Sertulariidae, is described from the eastern part of the Sea of Okhotsk. The new taxa is characterized by: multi-serial (5–8 rows) placement of hydrothecae on both stem and branches; a hydrothecal rim with four small cusps; an operculum with four equal flaps similar to but more flattened than that of Sertularella. Gonothecae are transversely corrugated and resemble those of many species assigned to Sertularella and Symplectoscyphus. They arise from hydrothecae-like tubes on the basal part of the stem and are disposed in opposite pairs, as in species of Synthecium.Sertulariidae, the largest family in Hydrozoa and with representatives from marine environments worldwide, is relatively well known. Discovery of new genera in the family is relatively infrequent. A diagnosis of a new genus and a description of a new species are given in this paper.Diagnosis. Sertulariidae with erect, branched colonies, with branches resembling hydrocaulus. Hydrothecae arranged in 5–8 longitudal rows along hydrocaulus and branches; hydrothecal rim with four very low cusps separated by shallow embayments; operculum of four equal triangular valves, flattened rather than pyramidal; hydranth with abcauline caecum. Gonothecae oval with strong transverse corrugations and rings, occurring in opposite pairs on lower part of stem. Type species. Polysertularella polyseriata, sp. n., designated herein. Notes and differential diagnosis. In most genera of Sertulariidae, hydrothecae have an alternate to opposite biserial arrangement on branches, and especially on the stem. A few genera in the family, including Abietinaria Kirchenpauer, 1884, Thuiaria Fleming, 1828, Sertularia Linnaeus, 1758, and Staurotheca Allman, 1888 include some species with multi-serial rows of hydrothecae on branches and very rarely on the stem as well. The nominal genus Selaginopsis Allman, 1876, originally established for sertulariids having hydrothecae in more than two longitudinal rows, is no longer recognized as valid in some works because of its artificial composition and differences among included species in operculum structure (Peña-Cantero et al., 1997). However, no species with a multiserial arrangement of hydrothecae and four-flapped operculum (resembling Sertularella) has been known in the family until now.
A new Syngrapha Hübner, [1821] from the Altai Mountain Country (Lepidoptera Noctuidae)
Authors: VOLYNKIN A. V. , MATOV A. YU.
Published: March 2019

The genus Syngrapha Hübner, [1821] includes about 40 species distributued throughout the Holarctic region, but with only 11 species and 16 subspecies described from Eurasia. Many Syngrapha inhabit the subarctic zone or high elevation mountains. The genus is close to Autographa but differs from it in a variety of male and female genitalic characteristics (see revision of Eurasian fauna by Ronkay & al. 2008). In the course of faunistic studies on Noctuidae of the Altai Mountain Country, an undescribed species of Syngrapha was identified among specimens at the Zoological Museum of the Institute of Systematics & Ecology of Animals Siberian Branch of RAS (SZMN; Novosibirsk, Russia) and at the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ZISP; Saint-Petersburg, Russia). It is described herein as new. We use the term Altai Mountain Country (Fig. 1) in the geo-botanical sense of Kamelin (1998, 2005) to include: the Russian, Kazakhstanian, Chinese and Mongolian Altai; the mountains of Boundary Dzhungaria (Tarbagatai and branches, Manrak, Semistai and Saur); the Zaisan intermountain depression; the mountains of SW Tyva and the main part of the Western Sayan ridges adjacent to the meridional Shapshal Ridge, north to the Abakan Ridge; east to theYenisey river; and south to the Baitak-Bogdo Ridge and nearby highlands together with the mountains enclosing the depression of the “Dzhungarian Gobi” and the Adzh-Bogd-uul Ridge. The Altai Mountain Country does not include the Kuznetzky Alatau, the steppe depressions of Khakassia and Western Tyva, the Mongolian Big Lakes depression and the Khan-Khuhay Ridge, or the Gobian Altai massif (Kamelin 2005).
Three new species of Baetodes Needham & Murphy (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) from Colombia
Authors: SALINAS LUIS G. , DIAS LUCIMAR G. , SALLES FREDERICO F. , BACCA TITO
Published: March 2019

Three new species of Baetodes Needham & Murphy are described based on nymphs collected in the Nariño department, in the southern region of Colombia. The main morphological characteristics that can be used to distinguish them from other species of genus are presented. Baetodes awa sp. nov.: labrum with subapical row of six setae of subequal length, glossa with two pectinate bladelike setae of the same length, abdominal tubercles present but very small; Baetodes diasae sp. nov. : labrum with subapical row of 3+13 setae of subequal length, glossa with two pectinate bladelike setae, one gill on each coxa with a small basal projection. Baetodes pseudospinae sp. nov. : glossa with one pectinate bladelike seta, two tubercles on pronotum and mesonotum, prominent tubercle on metanotum, larger than that of first abdominal segment. Besides the descriptions of the new species a key for the identification of the Colombian species of Baetodes is presented for the first time
Cave millipeds of the United States. XI. Opiona graeningi, n. sp., a troglomorphic caseyid milliped from Siskiyou County, California, with comments on the genus Opiona Chamberlin 1951 (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Caseyidae)
Authors: SHEAR WILLIAM A.
Published: March 2019

The new species Opiona graeningi is described from caves in the Marble Mountain Wilderness Area, Klamath National Forest, Siskiyou Co., California, as the first troglomorphic species of Opiona, the first troglobiont from the globally important Klamath Siskiyou ecoregion, and possibly the first troglobiotic caseyid. Notes are provided on the composition of the genus Opiona and on the interpretation of the gonopods. Opiona, with 13 described species, may not be monophyletic.
Two new quill mite species (Acari, Cheyletoidea, Syringophilidae) parasitizing Dinemellia dinemelli (Rüppell) (Passeriformes, Ploceidae)
Authors: GLOWSKA ELIZA , SKORACKI MACIEJ
Published: March 2019

In this paper we describe two new quill mite species, Krantziaulonastus yoyomi sp. nov. and Picobia dinemellia sp. nov. (Acari, Cheyletoidea, Syringophilidae), parasitizing the White-headed Buffalo Weaver Dinemellia dinemelli (Rüppell) (Passeriformes, Ploceidae). This host species represents a new avian family (Ploceidae) for the genera Picobia Haller and Krantziaulonastus Skoracki.
Review of records of sawfishes (Chondrichthyes: Pristidae) from Fiji, with deletion of Pristis zijsron Bleeker, 1851 and Pristis sp. from the fauna
Authors: DUFFY CLINTON , SEETO JOHNSON , TRNSKI TOM
Published: March 2019

Sawfishes (Pristidae) are large shark-like batoids with a distinctive flattened, greatly elongated rostrum armed on each side with a row of large transverse teeth. Two genera and at least four species occur in the Indo-West Pacific, of which Anoxypristis cuspidata (Latham, 1794), Pristis microdon Latham, 1794 and P. zijsron Bleeker, 1851 have widespread distributions and P. clavata Garman, 1906 appears to be restricted to northern Australia (Compagno & Last, 1999; Last & Stevens, 2009; Phillips et al., 2011). All sawfishes are threatened by over fishing and habitat loss, with range reductions and local extinctions reported for several species (Simpfendorfer, 2000; Monte-Luna et al., 2007; Last & Stevens, 2009; Wueringer, et al. 2009; Phillips et al., 2011). All Indo-Pacific sawfishes are assessed by the IUCN as Critically Endangered with decreasing population trends (IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, http://www.iucnredlist.org/, 10 Sep. 2011).
A taxonomic study of the genus Longchuanacris Zheng et Fu (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Catantopinae), with descriptions of two new species from Yunnan, China
Authors: MAO BEN-YONG , NIU YAO , OU XIAO-HONG , ZHENG ZHE-MIN , SCOTT MATTHEW B.
Published: March 2019

All types of Longchuanacris Zheng et Fu, 1989 are examined. Longchuanacris guangxiensis Zheng et Ren, 2007 is synonymized with Caryanda neoelegans Otte, D. 1995, and Longchuanacris bilobata Mao, Ren et Ou, 2007 is synonymized with L. macrofurcula Zheng et Fu, 1989; seventy three topotypes are designated for L. macrofurcula. Longchuanacris lobata Niu et Ou, sp. nov. and L. microfurcula Niu et Zheng, sp. nov. are described as new species. Six Longchuanacris species are keyed and their distributions are stated. These species are distributed in southwestern Yunnan, China. Type specimens are deposited in the Faculty of Conservation Biology, Southwest Forestry University (SWFU), Yunnan Province, China and in the Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China (IZCAS).
A new species of anole related to Anolis altae from Volcán Tenorio, Costa Rica (Reptilia, Squamata, Polychrotidae)
Authors: KÖHLER GUNTHER
Published: March 2019

I describe a new species of Anolis related to Anolis (or Norops) altae from Volcán Tenorio, Costa Rica. The new species differs from all other species in the A. altae complex by having the ventral surfaces of body and limbs distinctly reticulated with dark brown pigment and a male dewlap that is dark red with brown blotches, as well as in several morphometric and pholidotic characteristics. It further differs from its geographically nearest congener of this complex, A. monteverde, by having a bilobate hemipenis (unilobate in A. monteverde).
Saving an octocoral genus from a “zoanthid” genus: reversal of precedence of Palythoe Lamouroux, 1812, and Muricea Lamouroux, 1821 (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Octocorallia)
Authors: LOW MARTYN E. Y. , REIMER JAMES DAVIS
Published: March 2019

Lamouroux (1812: 360) established the genus-group name Palythoe, with the following diagnosis in French: “Palythoe […] P[olypiers] dendroïde rameux; axe presque toujours comprimé, recouvert d’une écorce trèsépaisse, en partie calcaire, parseméc de mammelous saillans, chacun terminé par une cellule polypifère”. This translates as: “A group dendroid in branching; almost always axially compressed, covered with very thick ectoderm, partly calcareous dotted with prominent bumps, each terminated by a polyp”.
Morphological support for placement of the Wing-banded Antbird Myrmornis torquata in the Thamnophilidae (Passeriformes: Furnariides)
Authors: GALVÃO ANA , GONZAGA LUIZ PEDREIRA
Published: March 2019

Myrmornis torquata has often been considered an intermediate form between the ground antbirds and the typical antbirds. Although molecular phylogenies have consistently placed M. torquata in the Thamnophilidae (typical antbirds), this species has not been the subject of a thorough anatomical study, and no phylogeny based on morphological characters has been published. We undertook a cladistic morphological analysis of M. torquata and representatives of all families in the infraorder Furnariides, to clarify the systematic affinities of this species. In a parsimony analysis of 66 osteological and syringeal characters, Myrmornis clustered with other thamnophilids with high support values, sharing with them five synapomorphies of unambiguous optimization in all most-parsimonious trees. Two synapomorphies are syringeal features exclusive to the family: (1) the presence of processes on the ventral surface of supporting A-elements of the syrinx cranial to the membrana tracheosyringealis, and (2) the division of the musculus sternotrachealis into two fasciculi near its insertion on the syrinx. A third syringeal synapomorphy (presence of the musculus vocalis ventralis) also occurs in the Dendrocolaptidae and Furnariidae as a homoplasy. Two unambiguous osteological synapomorphies were found: (1) the narrowing of the foramen orbitonasale, and (2) the confluence of the foramen obturatum and the fenestra ischiopubica, a reversal also found in the Furnariidae. Our results provide strong morphological support for the placement of Myrmornis in the Thamnophilidae. Key-words: Morphological phylogeny, osteology, syrinx, suboscines, Furnarioidea, Thamnophilidae, Formicariidae, Grallariidae, Neotropics.
Review of the genus Isolia Förster (Platygastroidea: Platygastridae: Sceliotrachelinae) with description of two new species from India
Authors: KAMALANATHAN VEENAKUMARI , BUHL PETER NEERUP , MOHANRAJ PRASHANTH
Published: March 2019

Two new species of Isolia Förster viz. I. bhima Veenakumari and Buhl sp. n. and I. bandoola Veenakumari and Buhl sp.n. are described and illustrated from India. The generic concept of Isolia has been expanded with additional characters. Supplementary characters have been provided to the original descriptions wherever required. All species (except I. longistriata Alekseev), including the six Palearctic species (I. biroi Szabó, I. dobrogica Popovici & Buhl, I. foersteri Szabó, I. hispanica Buhl, I. mongolica (Kozlov) and I. santosi García & Pujade-Villar) and the two Oriental species (I. indica Buhl and I. kalingae Veenakumari & Buhl) have been imaged. Isolia striatitergitis Szabó is transferred to the genus Fidiobia Ashmead, and the images are provided. Isolia kalingae is treated as a junior synonym of I. indica. A key is furnished to differentiate genera in the Isolia-cluster and the species of Isolia treated here.
Two new species of the water scavenger beetle genus Hemiosus Sharp Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) from Colombian Andes
Authors: GONZÁLEZ-RODRÍGUEZ LIZA M. , GARCÍA-HERNÁNDEZ ANDREA L. , CLARKSON BRUNO
Published: March 2019

Two new species of Hemiosus (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) from the central cordillera of the Colombian Andes are described. Hemiosus molanoi González-Rodríguez & García-Hernández sp. nov. and H. quindiensis González-Rodríguez & Clarkson sp. nov. are described based in 56 adult specimens collected in river-associated sandy puddles (26 specimens of H. molanoi sp. nov.) and temporary puddles near crops (26 specimens of H. quindiensis sp. nov.). Both species are identified mainly by characteristics of the aedeagus: Hemiosus molanoi sp. nov. has subtriangular parameres, median lobe shorter than parameres and longer than appendices which are acuminate and phallobase shorter than parameres, strongly asymmetrical in basal two-fifths; H. quindiensis sp. nov. has parameres gradually tapering towards rounded apices, median lobe shorter than parameres and longer than appendices which are acuminate and phallobase shorter than parameres, strongly asymmetrical in basal half. Dorsal coloration pattern, overall shape of the meso- and metaventral process and abdominal ventrites are also informative to distinguish the new species from remaining described Hemiosus. Diagnoses, illustrations and habitat characteristics are provided.
Morphological and molecular evidence for a new species of the genus Panolis Hübner, [1821] (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: AN XUAN , OWADA MAMORU , WANG MIN , WANG HOU-SHUAI
Published: March 2019

A new species of the genus Panolis Hübner, [1821], P. xundian sp. nov., is described and illustrated from southwestern China. It is well-defined morphologically by the male genitalia, with a well-developed pollex at the distal terminal of the sacculus and a broad, ventrally concave cucullus, the female corpus bursae with four long signum-stripes. Based on a 658 bp segment of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene, we report the pairwise genetic distance of 2.5% from its allied species P. exquisita Draudt, 1950. Molecular phylogenetic analyses using three genes (2189 bp in total length) indicate that the new species belongs to the P. exquisita species group.
A new mayfly species of Choroterpes (Euthraulus) (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from South India
Authors: REKHA KALIMUTHU , ANBALAGAN SANKARAPPAN , DINAKARAN SUNDARAM , BALACHANDRAN CHELLAPANDIAN , KRISHNAN MUTHUKALINGAN
Published: March 2019

A new mayfly species, Choroterpes (Euthraulus) kalladaensis sp. n. is described based on nymphs and subimagoes from South India. The nymph of Choroterpes (Euthraulus) kalladaensis sp. n. is characterized by a labrum with antero-median emargination well broad and ‘V’ shaped, femora with two black spots on median and basal region, claw with 2 sections of 13 denticles with 3 smaller serrations, posteriolateral spines present on segment 2–9, paraprocts smooth with pores and their inner margin with small triangular spines and outer margin with long setae and in the subimago the fore wing has four intercalary veins between costa and subcosta, penis lobes are short, membranous, separated apically and covered with minute setae. Taxonomic notes are given to distinguish this new species from closely related species.
Ugo Betti: Il giudice giudicato
Authors: Marrone Gaetana
Published: March 2019

Nella tesi di laurea intitolata Il diritto e la rivoluzione, difesa alla vigilia dello scoppio della Grande Guerra, Ugo Betti già si orientava verso istanze sociali rielaborate secondo una dialettica tra il diritto dello Stato rappresentato dal giudice e lo spazio cosmico della giustizia come responsabilità metafisica. I personaggi del teatro bettiano operano secondo un principio di casualità che si lega al senso di un’ingiustizia del vivere. In particolare, la mia analisi si sofferma su drammi giudiziari classici, quali Frana allo Scalo Nord (1932) e Corruzione al Palazzo di Giustizia (1944).
Issues and Trends in Causal Ambiguity Research: A Review and Assessment
Authors: Konlechner Stefan , Ambrosini Véronique
Published: March 2019

Causal ambiguity relates to ambiguity as to how organizational actions and results, inputs and outcomes, or competencies and advantage are linked. Causal ambiguity is important because of its organizational performance implications. Over the last 25 years, research has analyzed the concept from various theoretical angles. As a result, the literature is fragmented and presents different, and sometimes contradictory, views on the concept. In this article, we systematically review the literature on causal ambiguity and develop a framework incorporating the types, antecedents, and consequences of causal ambiguity for both organizational performance and organizational learning. We disentangle the arrays of conceptualizations and operationalizations present in the literature, and we isolate distinct streams in causal ambiguity research. One stream of research concentrates on causal ambiguity as an interfirm barrier to imitation, a second relates to causal ambiguity as an intrafirm barrier to factor mobility, and a third focuses on causal ambiguity as a potential trigger for intrafirm learning. Our review also helps to consolidate research on the substitution dilemma, the causal ambiguity paradox, and the challenge of learning under causal ambiguity. Finally, we develop a coherent set of implications for management practice, and we provide an agenda for further research.
Long‐term Swallowing Function, Pulmonary Complications, and Quality of Life after Supracricoid Laryngectomy
Authors: Di Santo Davide , Bondi Stefano , Giordano Leone , Galli Andrea , Tulli Michele , Ramella Barbara , Bussi Mario
Published: March 2019

Objectives

Long‐term effects of supracricoid laryngectomies are nowadays under discussion. The purpose of this study was to detect the prevalence of chronic aspiration and incidence of pulmonary complications, to investigate possible influencing factors, and to analyze dysphagia‐related quality of life in a cohort of patients who recovered swallowing function after undergoing supracricoid laryngectomies.

Study Design

Retrospective observational study.

Setting

San Raffaele Hospital, Vita‐Salute University, Milan, Italy.

Methods

A cohort of 39 patients who recovered swallowing function free of disease after a minimum 3‐year follow‐up period was retrospectively investigated between October and December 2017—clinically with the Pearson’s Scale and M. D. Anderson Dysphagia Inventory and instrumentally with fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing.

Results

Chronic aspiration was demonstrated in a significant portion of patients (clinically in 33.3% and instrumentally in 35.9%). Aspiration was influenced by advanced age at surgery (P =. 020). Type of surgical procedure, resection of 1 arytenoid cartilage, postoperative rehabilitation with a speech‐language therapist, radiotherapy, age at consultation, and length of follow‐up did not influence the prevalence of aspiration. Pulmonary complications affected 5 patients; incidence of pulmonary complications was related to aspiration and was favored by poor laryngeal sensation/cough reflex. Aspiration significantly affected quality of life.

Conclusions

Chronic aspiration is frequent and affects patients’ quality of life. However, incidence of pulmonary complications is low; therefore, oral feeding should not be contraindicated for aspirating patients. Preservation of laryngeal sensation and cough reflex is mandatory to prevent pulmonary complications.
Recent Trends in Vestibular Schwannoma Management: An 11‐Year Analysis of the National Cancer Database
Authors: Torres Maldonado Solymar , Naples James G. , Fathy Ramie , Eliades Steven J. , Lee John Y. K. , Brant Jason A. , Ruckenstein Michael J.
Published: March 2019

Objective

A better understanding of the natural history of vestibular schwannoma (VS) has resulted in a change in treatment paradigms. It has also been proposed that increased use of high‐resolution magnetic resonance imaging has allowed for an increased identification of small tumors. The aim of this study was to evaluate recent trends in the presentation and primary management of VS in the United States.

Study Design

Retrospective analysis of the National Cancer Database (NCDB).

Setting

NCDB database.

Subjects and Methods

All patients with a diagnosis of VS between 2004 and 2014 were included. Data were analyzed with univariable and multivariable logistic regression.

Results

In total, 28,190 patients (mean age 55 years, 52.9% female) with VS were analyzed. Linear regression showed a small decrease in average tumor size over time (–0.06 mm/year, P =. 03). Overall, 11,121 patients (40%) received surgery, 8512 (30%) radiation, and 7686 (27%) observation. Controlling for patient, tumor, and treatment center factors, the odds ratio (OR) for receiving surgery in 2014 was 0.60 (confidence interval [CI], 0.50‐0.71) while the OR for receiving radiation was 0.75 (CI, 0.64‐0.87) as compared to those diagnosed in 2004. The largest increases in observation rates occurred among tumors ≤2 cm (P <. 001).

Conclusion

There was not a clinically significant change in the average tumor size at diagnosis. Although surgery remained the most common treatment modality in the United States, there was a strong shift in the management of VS away from primary surgery and radiation and toward a “wait‐and‐scan” approach.
Primary pulmonary angiosarcoma: case reports and review of the literature
Authors: Virarkar Mayur , Tayyab Sidra , Thampy Rajesh , Bhosale Priya , Viswanathan Chitra
Published: March 2019

Pulmonary artery angiosarcoma is a rare malignant vascular tumor with an aggressive clinical course and a poor prognosis. Hemoptysis and shortness of breath have been reported as common clinical presentations. The exact clinicopathology is unknown. A tissue specimen obtained by percutaneous fine-needle aspiration cytology or open/thoracoscopic biopsy can confirm the diagnosis based on histopathological and immunohistochemical features. The differential diagnosis includes pulmonary thromboembolism, vascular malformations, and lung carcinoma. There is a paucity of literature describing this tumor, with only a few case reports available. There is also a lack of standardized guidelines for management, which further worsens the survival outcome. We report 3 cases of pulmonary artery angiosarcoma and review the recent literature.
Tumor-induced osteomalacia with the culprit lesion located in the palm: a case report
Authors: Qian Yanying , Dai Zhijuan , Zhu Cong , Ruan Luya , Thapa Saroj , Wu Chaoming
Published: March 2019

Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome. We herein report a rare case of TIO in a 58-year-old Chinese man who presented with a large lump in the right palm. Clinical, biochemical, and radiological assessments were performed. Laboratory examination showed severe hypophosphatemia, phosphaturia, an elevated serum alkaline phosphatase level, and an elevated serum fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23) level. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry showed low bone mineral density. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an irregular mass located in the right palm and abnormal findings in several metacarpal bones. During the operation, the surgeons found that the tumor had penetrated the surrounding muscles. The tumor had unique characteristics of local tissue invasion. The patient’s symptoms fully resolved and his serum phosphorus level normalized, although his serum FGF-23 level remained slightly high in the postoperative phase. Our findings suggest that in some patients with TIO, the serum phosphorus level might return to the normal range despite a relatively high postoperative serum FGF-23 level. These patients should be kept under close observation and regularly surveyed for any evidence of a residual tumor.
Unusual Presentation of PMM2-Congenital Disorder of Glycosylation With Isolated Strokelike Episodes in a Young Girl
Authors: Farmania Rajni , Jain Puneet , Sharma Suvasini , Aneja Satinder
Published: March 2019

Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are multisystemic inherited metabolic disorders with marked phenotypic variability. The most frequent described type is PMM2-CDG (earlier known as CDG Type Ia) which presents either with pure neurologic features or with combined neurologic and systemic features. The classical presentation is characterized by varied combinations of developmental delay, hypotonia, ataxia, dysmorphism, inverted nipples, and abnormal fat distribution. Strokelike episodes and seizures are known acute complications that usually occur on a background of developmental delay, ataxia, or dysmorphism. We report here a developmentally normal young girl who presented with isolated strokelike episodes and was diagnosed to have CDG Type Ia. This condition should be kept in the differentials of unexplained strokelike episodes in children. The diagnosis has important therapeutic and prognostic implications.
An Empirical Comparison of Seven Populist Attitudes Scales
Authors: Castanho Silva Bruno , Jungkunz Sebastian , Helbling Marc , Littvay Levente
Published: March 2019

With the recent upsurge of populism in developed and transition democracies, researchers have started measuring it as an attitude. Several scales have been proposed for this purpose. However, there is little direct comparison between the available alternatives. Scholars who wish to measure populist attitudes have little information available to help select the best scale for their purposes. In this article, we directly compare seven populist attitudes scales from multiple perspectives: conceptual development, questionnaire design, dimensionality, information, cross-national validity, and external validity. We use original survey data collected online from nine countries in Europe and the Americas, with around 250 participants per country, in which all seven batteries of questions were present. Results show that most scales have important methodological and validity limitations in at least one of the dimensions tested, and should not be used for cross-national comparative research. We recommend populist attitudes items that work better at capturing populism, and more generally provide guidelines for researchers who want to compare different scales that supposedly measure the same construct.
Toxic Collaborations: Co-Destroying Value in the B2B Context
Authors: Cabiddu Francesca , Moreno Frau , Sebastiano Lombardo
Published: March 2019

Service research and marketing theory have found value co-creation to be a key element in the business-to-business (B2B) context. Value can also be co-destroyed by the same actors who interact to create it. However, very few studies have examined service provider-customer work practices when value co-destruction (VCD) occurs. In this qualitative study, we approach VCD by combining social interactions and resource integration practices with a notion of value that reveals its multiform nature. We adopt a value definition that enables us to show that the notion of co-creation and co-destruction should be viewed conceptually as representing a value variation space rather than as being dichotomous or mutually exclusive. Our research allows practitioners to recognize and contrast VCD, as it emerges and impacts their B2B relations.
Building Better Clinical Relationships With Patients: An Argument for Digital Health Solutions With Black Men
Authors: Sherman Ledric D , Grande Stuart W
Published: March 2019

There is a rapid evolution of care delivery taking place across the globe in response to an explosion of novel health technologies. Growing in parallel to this expansion is the anticipation of mHealth technologies to drive patient-centered care into the future. Despite this hope, continuing reports of health inequities and lived experiences of substandard care fill national, state, and community health reports. The impact of these inequities is particularly pernicious on Black men and their long-term health status. As decades of robust evidence substantiates needed interventions, current progress is not seeing expected gains. In this commentary, we argue that at the heart of these inequities are issues of access, health literacy, institutional racism, and growing social distance between clinicians and Black men. To address these inequities, we suggest that digital interventions, designed to support decision-making, information exchange, and shared accountability have the best hope to overcome current inequities by promoting authentic relationships that ultimately drive better communication between Black men and their clinicians.
A Combined Radial and Pedal Access to Treat a Flush Chronic Total Occlusion of the Superficial Femoral Artery in a Critical Limb Ischemia Patient
Authors: Shammas Nicolas W , Radaideh Qais
Published: March 2019

We present a case of a flush chronic total occlusion of the superficial femoral artery treated successfully with a combined antegrade approach using radial access and a retrograde approach using a pedal access. Patient has total occlusion of the contralateral left external iliac and common femoral artery. Our case illustrates the feasibility of the combined pedal-radial approach in treating flush occlusions of the superficial femoral artery.
Ovarian Function and Fertility Preservation in Breast Cancer: Should Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonist be administered to All Premenopausal Patients Receiving Chemotherapy?
Authors: Lambertini Matteo , Richard François , Nguyen Bastien , Viglietti Giulia , Villarreal-Garza Cynthia
Published: March 2019

Chemotherapy-induced premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is one of the potential drawbacks of chemotherapy use of particular concern for newly diagnosed premenopausal breast cancer patients. Temporary ovarian suppression obtained pharmacologically with the administration of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) during chemotherapy has been specifically developed as a method to counteract chemotherapy-induced gonadotoxicity with the main goal of diminishing the risk of POI. In recent years, important clinical evidence has become available on the efficacy and safety of this strategy that should now be considered a standard option for ovarian function preservation in premenopausal breast cancer patients, including women who are not interested in conceiving after treatment or that would not be candidates for fertility preservation strategies because of their age. Nevertheless, in women interested in fertility preservation, this is not an alternative to gamete cryopreservation, which remains as the first option to be offered. In this setting, temporary ovarian suppression with GnRHa during chemotherapy should be also proposed following gamete cryopreservation or to women who have no access, refuse, or have contraindications to surgical fertility preservation techniques. In this article, we present an overview about the role of temporary ovarian suppression with GnRHa during chemotherapy in breast cancer patients by addressing the available clinical evidence with the aim of identifying both the best candidates for the use of this strategy and the still existing gray zones requiring further investigation.
Framing Bio-emergencies in Fiction: The Cases of ‘The Walking Dead’ and ‘Fear the Walking Dead’
Authors: Cantó-Milà Natàlia , Gonzàlez-Batlletbò Isaac
Published: March 2019

This article analyses the first seasons of two interconnected AMC series, ‘The Walking Dead’ and ‘Fear the Walking Dead’. Our analysis focuses on how these shows frame the emergence of a bio-risk, how the leading characters deal with the experience of bio-risks, and how they develop (or fail at developing) strategies to overcome, or, if this renders impossible, to tame such bio-risk. We have used a Grounded Theory approach to analyse the data, frame our analysis, and create a theoretical understanding of the ways these shows present bio-risks, and of the ways they depict the fictional experience of living a bio-emergency, without any official, institutional plan regarding to how to deal with it.
‘I’m not your mother’: British social realism, neoliberalism and the maternal subject in Sally Wainwright's Happy Valley (BBC1, 2014–2016)
Authors: Thornham Sue
Published: March 2019

This article examines Sally Wainwright's Happy Valley (BBC1, 2014–2016) in the context of recent feminist attempts to theorise the idea of a maternal subject. Happy Valley, a police series set in an economically disadvantaged community in West Yorkshire, has been seen as expanding the genre of British social realism, in its focus on strong Northern women, by giving it ‘a female voice’ (Gorton, 2016: 73). I argue that its challenge is more substantial. Both the tradition of British social realism on which the series draws, and the neoliberal narratives of the family which formed the discursive context of its production, I argue, are founded on a social imaginary in which the mother is seen as responsible for the production of the selves of others, but cannot herself be a subject. The series itself, however, places at its centre an active, articulate, mobile and angry maternal subject. In so doing, it radically contests both a tradition of British social realism rooted in male nostalgia and more recent neoliberal narratives of maternal guilt and lifestyle choice. It does this through a more fundamental contestation: of the wider cultural narratives about selfhood and the maternal that underpin both. Its reflective maternal subject, whose narrative journey involves acceptance of an irrecoverable loss, anger and guilt as a crucial aspect of subjectivity, and who embodies an ethics of relationality, is a figure impossible in conventional accounts of subject and nation. She can be understood, however, in terms of recent feminist theories of the maternal.
Improving the distribution of asylum-seekers through a multi-criteria index
Authors: Angeloni Silvia
Published: March 2019

Despite the large number of studies on asylum burden-sharing, there is still no consensus on the most effective method for reducing cross-country inequalities. A benchmark model for equitable distribution could combine the Gini coefficient method with the ‘asylum multi-criteria index’, based on the country’s gross domestic product, population and territory. The method is implemented to measure the inequalities in the distribution of asylum-seekers among 30 European countries over a five-year period and solve an optimisation problem in 2017. The findings show that the unequal distribution worsened with the increase in the number of asylum-seekers while the optimisation model led to an approximate 60% reduction in the cross-country inequality in burden-sharing relative to the actual distribution. The results are compared with the burden-sharing formula proposed by the European Commission in 2015.
Flex-fuel engine: Influence of ethanol content on power and efficiencies
Authors: Machado Guilherme Bastos , de Melo Tadeu C Cordeiro , Candido Arthur C de Albuquerque Fonseca
Published: March 2019

Gasoline is a complex mixture of different hydrocarbons, with a wide spectrum of constituents. Surrogate fuels have a reduced number of chemical components and therefore are used to model commercial fuels and enhance the understanding of fuel behavior in internal combustion engines. Surrogates also allow better fuel property control. In previous work, a surrogate fuel blend of iso-octane, n-heptane, toluene and ethanol was found to be suitable for commercial, high-octane, oxygenated Brazilian gasoline. This article investigates the influence on a Flex-fuel engine power and efficiencies of different ethanol levels in this surrogate fuel blend. The study found some different trends when comparing to other works in the literature. This article intends to make contributions presenting more detailed analyses of how fuel properties can influence several Flex-fuel engine performance parameters.
Investigation of flow characteristics in the U-shaped throttle valve
Authors: He Jie , Li Beibei , Liu Xiumei
Published: March 2019

Experimental and numerical analysis of cavitation flow in the U-shaped throttle valve is presented in this article. Cavitation flow has been analyzed numerically using the volume of fluid model while the pictures are captured by a high-speed camera. The results reveal that the distribution of pressure is extremely inhomogeneous, and the pressure drop zone is mainly distributed in the narrow U-shaped groove. Cavitation bubble occurs around the orifice and develops continuously since the pressure drops. The nascent, developed, and collapsed zone of the cavitation within U-shaped throttle valve are also presented. In addition, a high-speed jet flow is formed when the oil flows out the U-shaped orifice, a vortex appears and cavitation bubbles appear. Then, cavitation evolution and the effect of back pressure and the valve opening on cavitation behavior have been discussed. Increasing back pressure will weaken the cavitation intensity and suppress the cavitation effectively. The valve opening also affects the cavitation flow and performance of the U-shaped throttle valve. With the increase of valve opening, cavitation area first increases and then decreases. The results and conclusions presented in this article give the basis for better understanding the cavitation phenomenon in a throttle valve.
Underwater chemical plume tracing based on partially observable Markov decision process
Authors: Hai-Feng Jiu , Yu Chen , Wei Deng , Shuo Pang
Published: March 2019

Chemical plume tracing based on autonomous underwater vehicle uses chemical as a guidance to navigate and search in the unknown environments. To solve the key issue of tracing and locating the source, this article proposes a path-planning strategy based on partially observable Markov decision process algorithm and artificial potential field algorithm. The partially observable Markov decision process algorithm is used to construct a source likelihood map and update it in real time with environmental information from the sensors on autonomous underwater vehicle in search area. The artificial potential field algorithm uses the source likelihood map for accurately planning tracing path and guiding the autonomous underwater vehicle to track along the path until the source is detected. This article carries out simulation experiments on the proposed algorithm. The experimental results show that the algorithms have good performance, which is suitable for chemical plume tracing via autonomous underwater vehicle. Compared with the bionic method, the simulation results show that the proposed method has higher success rate and better stability than the bionic method.
Peripheral and central oxidative stress in chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain
Authors: Shim Hyun Soo , Bae Chilman , Wang Jigong , Lee Kyung-Hee , Hankerd Kali M , Kim Hee Kee , Chung Jin Mo , La Jun-Ho
Published: March 2019

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is an adverse side effect of many anti-cancer chemotherapeutic treatments. CIPN often causes neuropathic pain in extremities, and oxidative stress has been shown to be a major contributing factor to this pain. In this study, we determined the site of oxidative stress associated with pain (specifically, mechanical hypersensitivity) in cisplatin- and paclitaxel-treated mouse models of CIPN and investigated the neurophysiological mechanisms accounting for the pain. C57BL/6N mice that received either cisplatin or paclitaxel (2 mg/kg, once daily on four alternate days) developed mechanical hypersensitivity to von Frey filament stimulations of their hindpaws. Cisplatin-induced mechanical hypersensitivity was inhibited by silencing of Transient Receptor Potential channels V1 (TRPV1)- or TRPA1-expressing afferents, whereas paclitaxel-induced mechanical hypersensitivity was attenuated by silencing of Aβ fibers. Although systemic delivery of phenyl N-tert-butylnitrone, a reactive oxygen species scavenger, alleviated mechanical hypersensitivity in both cisplatin- and paclitaxel-treated mice, intraplantar phenyl N-tert-butylnitrone was effective only in cisplatin-treated mice, and intrathecal phenyl N-tert-butylnitrone, only in paclitaxel-treated mice. In a reactive oxygen species-dependent manner, the mechanosensitivity of Aδ/C fiber endings in the hindpaw skin was increased in cisplatin-treated mice, and the excitatory synaptic strength in the spinal dorsal horn was potentiated in paclitaxel-treated mice. Collectively, these results suggest that cisplatin-induced mechanical hypersensitivity is attributed to peripheral oxidative stress sensitizing mechanical nociceptors, whereas paclitaxel-induced mechanical hypersensitivity is due to central (spinal) oxidative stress maintaining central sensitization that abnormally produces pain in response to Aβ fiber inputs.