bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Acute and sub-acute toxicity of ethanol extracts of Hagenia abyssinica and Rumex abyssinicus flowers in Swiss albino mice
Authors: Gemeda Hirut Basha , Debella Asfaw , Endale Milkyas , Abebe Abiy , Mathewos Meharu , Habtu Wossene , Chalchisa Dinkenesh , Getachew Betelhem , Hassen Menal , Mamo Hassen
Published: February 2025

Background

Hagenia abyssinica (Bruce) J.F. Gmel (Family: Rosaceae) and Rumex abyssinicus Jacq (Family: Polygonaceae) are valuable medicinal plants traditionally used in Ethiopia to treat various diseases. Recent studies have also demonstrated that solvent extracts of these plants exhibit molluscicidal activities under laboratory conditions, highlighting their potential for snail control. However, limited information is available regarding their safety profiles.

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate acute, and sub-acute toxicity of 70% ethanol extracts of H. abyssinica and R. abyssinicus flowers in Swiss albino mice, following the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development guidelines 423 and 407.

Methods

In the acute toxicity study, both extracts were administered orally to experimental groups at varying concentrations (mg/kg bodyweight): 5, 50, 300, and 2000. For the sub-acute toxicity study, both extracts were given to the experimental groups at doses (mg/kg) of 125, 250, and 500 daily for 28 days. Blood samples were collected from each mouse and analyzed for hematological and biochemical parameters. Additionally, the heart, liver, and kidneys were excised, stained, and examined for potential histopathological effects.

Results

The acute toxicity study revealed no noticeable changes in behavior at the highest oral dosage of 2000 mg/kg. In the sub-acute toxicity study, no statistically significant changes were observed in hematological and biochemical parameters compared to the control group. Similarly, no abnormal histological findings were noted in the examined organs in comparison to the control group.

Conclusion

These findings indicate that flower extracts of both plants did not show significant toxicity to laboratory mammals at an oral dosage of 2000 mg/kg.
Continuing recovery of wolves in Europe
Authors: Di Bernardi Cecilia , Chapron Guillaume , Kaczensky Petra , Álvares Francisco , Andrén Henrik , Balys Vaidas , Blanco Juan Carlos , Chiriac Silviu , Ćirović Duško , Drouet-Hoguet Nolwenn , Huber Djuro , Iliopoulos Yorgos , Kojola Ilpo , Krofel Miha , Kutal Miroslav , Linnell John D. C. , Majić Skrbinšek Aleksandra , Männil Peep , Marucco Francesca , Melovski Dime , Mengüllüoğlu Deniz , Mergeay Joachim , Mysłajek Robert W. , Nowak Sabina , Ozoliņš Jānis , Ranc Nathan , Reinhardt Ilka , Rigg Robin , Salvatori Valeria , Schley Laurent , Sunde Peter , Trajçe Aleksandër , Trbojević Igor , Trouwborst Arie , von Arx Manuela , Zlatanova Diana , Boitani Luigi
Published: February 2025

The recovery of wolves (Canis lupus) across Europe is a notable conservation success in a region with extensive human alteration of landscapes and high human population densities. We provide a comprehensive update on wolf populations in Europe, estimated at over 21,500 individuals by 2022, representing a 58% increase over the past decade. Despite the challenges of high human densities and significant land use for agriculture, industry, and urbanization, wolves have demonstrated remarkable adaptability and increasing population trends in most European countries. Improved monitoring techniques, although varying in quality and scope, have played a crucial role in tracking this recovery. Annually, wolves kill approximately 56,000 domestic animals in the EU, a risk unevenly distributed and differently handled across regions. Damage compensation costs 17 million EUR every year to European countries. Positive economic impacts from wolf presence, such as those related to reducing traffic accidents with wild ungulates or supporting wildlife tourism, remain under studied. Wolf recovery in Europe is supported by diverse policy and legal instruments such as LIFE programs, stakeholder platforms, as well as the EU Habitats Directive and the Bern Convention. Coexisting with newly established wolf populations in Europe entails managing impacts on human activities, including livestock depredation, competition for game, and fear of attacks on humans, amidst varying social and political views on wolf recovery. Sustainable coexistence continues to operate in evolving and complex social, economic, and political landscapes, often characterized by intense debates regarding wolf policies.
From the outbreak to the truce, informative narratives during the war on Gaza 2023–24 in the Latin American press
Authors: Michilot María Mendoza , Sánchez Milagros Asto
Published: February 2025

The world has not been blind to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, thanks to the media. This research aims to unravel media management in the coverage of the war on Gaza and other Palestinian cities in the Latin American press, through the analysis of informative narratives that are rarely addressed in the international discussion and in the approaches of the editors of five journalistic platforms. The research combines content analysis and interviews in order to recognize the predominant frames, to verify the accuracy of the information against bias and misinformation and to identify the work routines in the output of the news. It concludes that the coverage has confronted two media frames: conflict and human interest; the former is evident in the journalistic narrative, in the prioritization of topics, actors and sources; the latter is found in the testimonies of the editors and their personal framings. The research found that journalists avoided the usual orientalisms in their news reporting on the Israeli-Palestinian situation but did not avoid contextual biases and misinformation. Despite the distance between the Middle East and Latin America, this war has altered the working and organizational routines of the media outlets hereby examined.
Unusual Neonatal Presentation of Type I Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency (LAD 1)
Authors: Jitendra Singh Rathour  , Muthukumaran N.
Published: February 2025

Leukocyte adhesion deficiency is a type of primary immunodeficiency syndrome with fatal forms of recurrent episodes of infection since the neonatal period. This is a very rare disease. Diagnosis is usually made in childhood but can be diagnosed in the early days of the neonatal period, which helps in starting early treatment with excellent results. Neonatologists should have a very high index of suspicion to diagnose this condition in neonates. The condition may mimic serious bacterial infections with a leukemoid reaction. About 1 in 1 million people are affected worldwide, which shows it’s a rare occurrence. There are few reported cases of LAD-I in newborns’.
In LAD 1 (Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency Type 1), steady adhesion of leukocytes to endothelial surfaces is defective with the following major immunological features.[1]

Inability to form pus
Deficiency of various glycoproteins like LFA-1/Mac-1, involved in cellular adhesion
Inability of leukocytes to migrate to the site of infection to kill offending microbes. The main adhesion glycoprotein involved is CD18.
Due to the absence of these adhesion molecules, inflammatory response is not sufficient to restrict or kill microorganisms, which eventually leads to recurrent bacterial infections.

Inheritance pattern of LAD 1 is autosomal recessive.[2]
Both B-cells and T-cells are affected.
Worldwide very few cases in neonates are reported.

Main striking characteristics of LAD 1 are “delayed separation of umbilical cord at birth, persistent leukocytosis, and recurrent bacterial and fungal infections involving skin and mucosa and poor wound healing.”
In our case of LAD-1 in a neonate, there was normal separation of the umbilical cord with no clinical signs of omphalitis.
PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DA DENGUE NA REGIÃO SUL DO BRASIL NOS ANOS DE 2014 A 2022
Authors: Morschbacher Joel , Haack Bruna Maliska , Zuge Samuel Spiegelberg , Busato Maria Assunta , Llinares Fernando Jorge Bornay , Preuss Jackson Fabio , Lutinski Junir Antonio
Published: February 2025

Este estudo teve por objetivo caracterizar a epidemiologia da dengue na região Sul do Brasil, no período de 2014 a 2022 através de um estudo de variáveis extraídos do Datasus e da plataforma do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Os dados coletados foram estratificados por município, mês e ano notificação de caso prováveis de dengue. A dengue é mais incidente no sexo feminino, nas idades entre 20 a 59 anos, raça branca e em pessoas com ensino fundamental e médio completos. No perfil diagnóstico e clínico da dengue os exames de IG-M e Elisa, e critérios laboratoriais e clínicos epidemiológico prevalecem no diagnóstico positivo. Denv 1 e 2 são os subtipos de maior ocorrência culminando na grande maioria em dengue sem sinais de alarme evoluindo para a cura. A maior ocorrência dos registros foi verificada em 2015 e 2016 e 2019 a 2022, evidenciando os meses de março, abril e maio com aumento da incidência em relação aos demais meses. A incidência de dengue aumentou aproximadamente 300% na região (p>0,05) entre 2016 e 2022, embora não seja homogênea. A compreensão da flutuação anual e sazonal dos casos é importante para conhecer um padrão de ocorrência, considerando a heterogeneidade geográfica e temporal da região.
ANÁLISE DE TENDÊNCIAS DE MUDANÇAS A PARTIR DE PARÂMETROS BIOFÍSICOS DAS REGIÕES INTERMEDIÁRIAS DO ESTADO DE PERNAMBUCO
Authors: Santos Ester Milena dos , Ribeiro Neto Alfredo , Rodrigues Junior Jocimar Coutinho , Paiva Anderson Luiz Ribeiro de
Published: February 2025

A intensificação das dinâmicas antrópicas impacta os recursos ambientais e necessita do uso de ferramentas de geoprocessamento para captar a extensão e a periodicidade das mudanças territoriais e auxiliar monitoramento das modificações. Realizou-se um monitoramento das mudanças biofísicas em três Regiões Intermediárias do estado de Pernambuco, Brasil, no período de 1985 a 2022 pela estatística de tendências Mann-Kendall. Foram analisados parâmetros como o Índice de Vegetação por Diferença Normalizada (NDVI), o Índice de Água por Diferença Normalizada (NDWI), bem como dados de precipitação. Os resultados apontaram tendências distintas nas três regiões. Na Região Intermediária de Serra Talhada e Petrolina, observou-se um aumento no NDVI, sugerindo um possível crescimento da biomassa vegetal, embora o percentual de vegetação estimado tenha diminuído. Na Região Intermediária de Caruaru, o NDVI também aumentou, indicando um adensamento da vegetação, enquanto o NDWI mostrou uma tendência de decrescimento, possivelmente devido a mudanças no uso da terra. Na Região Intermediária de Recife, houve um aumento no NDVI, sugerindo uma expansão da vegetação, mas o NDWI apontou uma tendência de redução de áreas de corpos d'água, provavelmente relacionada ao desenvolvimento urbano e industrial. Destacam a importância do monitoramento de parâmetros biofísicos para entender as mudanças nas paisagens regionais.
MAPEAMENTO DE SUSCETIBILIDADE A PROCESSOS EROSIVOS NA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO RIO TEJIPIÓ/PE
Authors: Pessoa Neto Amaury Gouveia , Lafayette Kalinny Patrícia Vaz , Correa Marcus Metri
Published: February 2025

O desenvolvimento urbano, em diversas cidades brasileiras, ocorreu de modo intenso e sem o devido planejamento territorial, levando a significativas intervenções antrópicas, como alterações na paisagem e na cobertura e uso da terra. Além de outras consequências, esse tipo de ação somada às condições climáticas adversas, potencializa a ocorrência de processos erosivos, fenômeno que é considerado um dos problemas ambientais mais significativos enfrentados pelos centros urbanos. Diante dessa circunstância, o presente estudo buscou mapear as áreas suscetíveis a processos erosivos na bacia hidrográfica do rio Tejipió, em Pernambuco. Para produzir esse mapeamento foram utilizados cinco fatores que podem favorecer a ocorrência desse tipo de fenômeno: geologia, geomorfologia, pedologia, climatologia e cobertura e uso da terra, os quais foram processados no Sistema de Informações Geográficas (SIG), pelas técnicas de reclassificação e álgebra de mapas. Após a composição do mapa de suscetibilidade, foi revelado que as áreas que apresentaram maiores propensões a esse processo são as que possuem áreas mais urbanizadas, solos arenosos e rochas menos coesas. Destaca-se a importância da elaboração desse mapeamento no tocante de subsidiar a implementação de um planejamento urbano e territorial adequado, de modo a abrandar a ocorrência de processos erosivos, reduzindo impactos causados à população.
PANORAMA DOS ALAGAMENTOS NO DISTRITO FEDERAL ATRAVÉS DE UMA SÉRIE HISTÓRICA DE 20 ANOS DE DADOS CIDADÃOS DE NOTIFICAÇÕES DE ALAGAMENTO
Authors: Antonio Gabriela Branquinho , Gomes Roberto Arnaldo Trancoso , Carvalho Júnior Osmar Abílio de , Guimarães Renato Fontes
Published: February 2025

Atualmente, os alagamentos, embora sejam eventos curtos e rápidos, tendem a ser mais frequentes. O Distrito Federal é acometido todos os anos por alagamentos, causando uma diversidade de impactos negativos como, danos materiais, ambientais e perdas de vidas. proposta do artigo é atualizar uma base de dados (não oficial) e demonstrar as possibilidades de uso de dados colaborativos. Como resultado, foi observado que no período de atualização (04/2013 até 12/2020) houve um incremento de mais de 50% das notificações em relação ao período previamente cadastrado (01/1999-03/2013). Por se tratar de um dado espacializado, foi possível quantificar e identificar as regiões administrativas, as quadras e as vias mais notificadas. De modo que, quase 60% das notificações (1999-2020) estão associadas ao sistema viário, sendo 44% na Av. W3 e 17% na Av. L2. Corroborando com a informação supracitada, quando mencionado, foi possível quantificar os principais danos causados pelos alagamentos, indicando que 40% estão associados a veículos. A partir das análises espaciais foi possível verificar a relação de proximidade das notificações de alagamento com os equipamentos públicos. Por fim, apesar de se tratar de um dado não oficial, é possível extrair informações relevantes que podem ser aplicadas ao planejamento urbano.
ESPACIALIZAÇÃO DA SUSCETIBILIDADE A IMPACTOS AMBIENTAIS POR MEIO DA ANÁLISE HIERÁRQUICA PONDERADA: ESTUDO DE CASO NA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO ARROIO FERREIRA, SANTA MARIA - RS
Authors: Arrial Gustavo Soares , Sccoti Anderson Augusto Volpato
Published: February 2025

O avanço desordenado da ação humana sobre o meio e suas consequências mais intensas evidenciam a necessidade de abrangentes estudos ambientais, para possibilitar uma interpretação do espaço e das articulações a serem realizadas, onde devem ser considerados aspectos físicos, bióticos, químicos e antrópicos. Com isso, este artigo apresenta a aplicação da Análise Hierárquica Ponderada (AHP) em Sistemas de Informação Geográfica na bacia hidrográfica do arroio Ferreira, Santa Maria - RS. Com o objetivo de delimitar e espacializar a suscetibilidade a impactos ambientais na área da bacia hidrográfica, a partir dos critérios de geologia, solos, uso e ocupação da terra e geomorfologia. O método AHP foi utilizado para sintetizar esses critérios e seus respectivos subcritérios, permitindo uma análise espacial da suscetibilidade a impactos ambientais. Foram identificadas 5 classes de suscetibilidade, sendo que as classes mais altas ocupam 31,29% da área de estudo, na porção sudeste de BH. Os resultados evidenciam a necessidade de planejamento ambiental, mitigação de impactos, recuperação de áreas degradadas e implementação de atividades de menor impacto, como as desenvolvidas pela agroecologia. Conclui-se que o método AHP é confiável para análises multicritério em estudos, oferecendo subsídios para o planejamento e ações de mitigação de impactos ambientais em bacias hidrográficas.
CAMINHOS PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO REGIONAL: A CONTRIBUIÇÃO DO PROJETO DE INTEGRAÇÃO DO RIO SÃO FRANCISCO PARA O SEMIÁRIDO DE PERNAMBUCO, BRASIL
Authors: Andrade Genária da Silva , Souza Werônica Meira de , Galvíncio Josiclêda Domiciano
Published: February 2025

A insustentabilidade hídrica é um desafio em áreas propensas à seca, como o Nordeste brasileiro, medidas como o Projeto de Integração do rio São Francisco (PISF) foram implementadas para enfrentar a escassez hídrica e seus impactos. Objetivou-se analisar como a implementação do reservatório na sub-bacia Riacho dos Milagres, no Semiárido de Pernambuco. Utilizou-se o mapeamento do uso da terra pelo Mapbiomas dos anos de 2009-2022 e da série histórica de precipitação utilizando dados CHIRPS entre os anos de 1981-2022, obtidos pela plataforma de geoprocessamento em nuvem GEE. Percebeu-se que os anos estão abaixo da média e como anos extremos se destacam: 1985 como de maior precipitação ultrapassando 1.000 mm e 2012 como de menor precipitação (309 mm), coincidindo com o início da seca mais longa e severa neste século. Já os meses mais chuvosos corresponderam a quadra de janeiro a abril, referentes às estações verão-outono. Observou-se transformações no aumento de superfície hídrica e no aumento do uso da terra, nas atividades agrícolas na direção do canal de transposição e próximo do reservatório de Milagres. Mesmo sendo recente, seus impactos promoveram fomentação nas atividades agrícolas em que a precipitação é fundamental na avaliação do desenvolvimento do PISF na região.
AS CIDADES MÉDIAS DE MATO GROSSO: PAPÉIS E INTERAÇÕES ESPACIAIS INTERESCALARES
Authors: Sodré Reges
Published: February 2025

A ascensão das cidades médias em Mato Grosso está ligada à expansão da fronteira agrícola a partir dos anos de 1980. Impulsionado por investimentos federais no âmbito da Superintendência de Desenvolvimento do Centro-Oeste (SUDECO), pela implantação de redes técnicas estruturais e pelo crescimento de atividades ligadas ao agronegócio e ao mercado imobiliário, o segmento de rede urbana estadual passou por profundas transformações, com o aparecimento de cidades dinâmicas, que exercem importantes papéis de intermediação. Esse trabalho tem por objetivo identificar e analisar os papéis e as interações espaciais das cidades médias na rede de Mato Grosso. A pesquisa foi realizada com base em revisão da noção de cidade média; microdados da publicação “Regiões de influência das Cidades”; Ranking Empresas Mais de 2022 do Estadão; trabalho de campo e outros dados secundários. Os resultados do trabalho apontam que centros urbanos como Rondonópolis, Sinop, Tangará da Serra e Barra do Garças se estabelecem a partir dos anos 2000 como cidades médias, na medida em que passam a se destacar no comércio e agroindústrias, com atração de grandes grupos econômicos nacionais e internacionais, estabelecendo interações espaciais interescalares, e prestação de serviços públicos para amplas regiões de influências.
ANÁLISE DA DEPENDÊNCIA ESPACIAL ENTRE AS ESTAÇÕES PLUVIOMÉTRICAS NO SEMIÁRIDO DA BACIA DO RIO SÃO FRANCISCO UTILIZANDO A GEOESTATÍSTICA
Authors: Dias Rosani Brune de Almeida , Dias Neto Antonio Alves , Fontes Andrea Sousa
Published: February 2025

A análise espacial dos dados proporciona maior compreensão sobre a abrangência territorial de informações medidas que tenham relação na superfície em estudo, fundamental para obter estimativas de chuvas de regiões. Considerando a importância da bacia do rio São Francisco para a região do Nordeste e semiárida do Brasil e pela contribuição que a análise espacial fornece, foram realizadas análises da dependência espaço das chuvas medidas em estações pluviométricas. Para averiguar a relação espacial da precipitação na área em questão foram selecionadas 231 estações pluviométricas no período de 1968 a 1983 e analisadas por meio da composição de semivariogramas considerando as médias mensais de chuva em cada ano. Os resultados mostram diferença na dependência espacial ao longo dos anos, considerando os dezesseis anos, seis não apresentaram dependência espacial (1970,1971,1974, 1976, 1978 e 1979), nos dez anos que foi possível ajustar o modelo do semivariograma experimental, foram obtidos diferentes valores para os alcances (distâncias), ou seja, as relações espaciais variam ao longo do tempo. Esses resultados comprovam a variabilidade da estrutura espacial da chuva na região, e as análises contribuíram para compreender que há variação da influência de acordo com o ano no comportamento das precipitações na região semiárida do São Francisco.
O RECONHECIMENTO DO QUILOMBOLA TAPAJOARA E A CONSTRUÇÃO DA IDENTIDADE DE RESISTÊNCIA NO PARÁ
Authors: Sousa Renata Priscila Benevides de , Guimarães Jarsen Luis Castro , Carvalho Ednéa do Nascimento , Solazzi José Luís
Published: February 2025

O artigo tem como tema o Quilombola Tapajoara e a dinâmica do reconhecimento de sua importância na formação socioespacial da Amazônia Paraense, com o objetivo de apresentar parte do inventário de pesquisa no programa de mestrado que indica caminhos ao projeto de tese de doutorado, tendo em vista a necessidade de ampliar o alcance da discussão sobre os direitos conquistados pelos quilombolas através da luta e resistência de seu povo em diversas espacialidades e momentos históricos. A metodologia da observação participante proporcionou a condução inicial da pesquisa, que contou com o método histórico e dialético e pesquisa documental. O afro-amazônida não segue um modelo ideal, mas, sua identidade é estabelecida pelos laços de solidariedade nas lutas em comum, desde o “período do castigo” ao reconhecimento do ser quilombola.
GEOPROCESSAMENTO APLICADO AO MAPEAMENTO DE SUSCETIBILIDADES A INUNDAÇÕES NO MUNICÍPIO DE JACOBINA (BA)
Authors: Silva Wesley Lopes da , Franco Gustavo Barreto , Jesus José Alves de
Published: February 2025

Este trabalho objetiva mapear as áreas suscetíveis a inundações no município de Jacobina (BA), visando contribuir com informação científica à gestão de riscos de desastres. A metodologia envolveu pesquisa bibliográfica, bem como, levantamento documental em redes sociais, sites e blogs sobre registros de desastres por inundações no município. Adotou-se o Qgis (versão 3.28.14) como software gerenciador do Sistema de Informação Geográfica (SIG) para o desenvolvimento de processamentos e geração de mapas síntese. A partir do Modelo Digital de Elevação (MDE) do projeto TOPODATA, houve normalização dos dados, aplicação do HAND Model e posterior classificação da suscetibilidade. A análise do mapeamento foi subsidiada por imagem de satélite, fotointerpretação e observações sistemáticas realizadas em campo. Os resultados apontam que 224,7 km² do município de Jacobina apresenta suscetibilidade a inundações (10,2% do território municipal), sendo 41,8% alta suscetibilidade, 41% média suscetibilidade e 17,2% baixa suscetibilidade. Afirma-se que a efetiva execução do Plano Diretor Municipal, com ênfase nas áreas de suscetibilidade e de riscos, são pilares para um desenvolvimento ambiental sustentável. É fundamental que os Poderes Públicos, em parceria com a sociedade civil, Defesa civil e comunidade em geral, unam-se para elaborar e implementar medidas mitigadoras de riscos de desastres no município de Jacobina.
ÍNDICE DE PERIGO DE INCÊNDIO FLORESTAL EM UNIDADES DE CONSERVAÇÃO DO CORREDOR CENTRAL DA MATA ATLÂNTICA, BRASIL NO PERÍODO DE 2001 A 2019
Authors: Santana Romário Oliveira de , Delgado Rafael Coll , Schiavetti Alexandre , Trindade Lídia Raíza Sousa Lima Chaves
Published: February 2025

O estudo analisou a influência dos episódios de El Niño e La Niña, sobre o índice de perigo de incêndios florestais nas Unidades de Conservação (UCs) do Corredor Central da Mata Atlântica (CCMA) entre 2001 e 2019. Utilizando cinco variáveis meteorológicas (chuva, temperatura média do ar, umidade relativa do ar, evapotranspiração e velocidade do vento), além de dados sobre focos de calor e área queimada, o estudo calculou o índice de perigo de incêndio florestal para 65 UC’s. A correlação de Spearman foi aplicada entre o índice e os focos de calor. Os resultados revelaram os episódios de El Niño e La Niña impactam significativamente as variáveis meteorológicas e o índice. Os períodos de El Niño foram associados ao maior número de focos de calor. No total, foram identificados 3741 focos de calor, com maior incidência em UCs de uso sustentável (2888) comparadas às de proteção integral (853). A categoria Áreas de Proteção Ambiental (APA) teve a maior quantidade de focos de calor. O índice de perigo mostrou boa correlação com focos de calor, especialmente para os Parques Nacionais.
Application of Guano Filtrate on Infection of Pepper yellow leaf curl virus in Chilli Plants
Authors: Nada Azmi Khoirin , Hidayat Sri Hendrastuti
Published: February 2025

Pepper yellow leaf curl virus (PYLCV) adalah anggota genus Begomovirus, yang menyebabkan penyakit daun keriting kuning pada tanaman cabai di Indonesia. Virus ini ditularkan oleh vektor Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui potensi guano dalam menekan penyakit daun keriting kuning pada cabai. Percobaan lapangan dilakukan menggunakan rancangan faktorial dalam rancangan acak kelompok dengan 2 faktor. Faktor pertama adalah kultivar cabai (‘Gelora’, ‘Bara’, dan ‘Pelita 8’) dan faktor kedua adalah perlakuan filtrat guano (sebelum inokulasi virus, 1 minggu setelah inokulasi virus, 2 minggu setelah inokulasi virus, inokulasi virus tanpa guano, dan tanpa inokulasi virus atau guano). Inokulasi virus dilakukan menggunakan B. tabaci. Secara umum, gejala muncul 1 hingga 3 minggu setelah inokulasi meskipun periode inkubasi bervariasi antara kultivar cabai. Gejala mosaik hijau dengan daun keriting sebagian besar ditemukan pada ‘Gelora’, sedangkan gejala menguning dengan daun melengkung ke atas sebagian besar ditemukan pada ‘Bara’ dan ‘Pelita 8’. Infeksi Begomovirus pada tanaman yang menunjukkan gejala telah dikonfirmasi melalui metode polymerase chain reaction. Perlakuan guano tidak menyebabkan penghambatan pada insidensi dan keparahan penyakit; demikian juga, tidak memengaruhi tinggi tanaman dan periode berbunga.
Allogeneic Gene-Modified Tumour Cells in Metastatic Kidney Cancer. Report II
Authors: Pizza Giancarlo , De Vinci C. , Lo Conte G. , Mazzuca A. , Di Maio V. , Ratini S. , Severini G. , Busutti L. , Palareti A. P. , Gulino A. , Vacca A. , Melchiorri L. , Ferrari M. , Giacomelli L. , Baricordi O. R. , Forzini S. , Capanna R.
Published: February 2025

In a limited study, comprising only ten patients, we have previously reported that allogeneic irradiated RCC-cell-line cells, engineered to produce IL-2 (ACHN-IL-2), admixed with autologous metastatic formalin-treated tumour cells were used to vaccinate MRCC patients in progression of disease and also receiving IL-2 immunotherapy. The cells, admixed to autologous TC, were administered subcutaneously. We now report an extended study on thirty patients and one hundred thirty-one controls. Patients received 4ñ20 injections (mean 10 ± 4), containing an average of 92 × 106 ± 45 × 106 ACHN-IL-2 transfected cells (a minimum of 25 × × 106, and a maximum of 200 × 106). Autologous TC, admixed to allogeneic, were also administered by 4-16 s.c. injections (mean 7 ± 3), i.e. a total of 12 × 106-160 × 106 cells. Vaccination was administered during 73-1451 (307 ± 316) days, and the follow-up continued for 1122 ± 1240 days (106-5137). Throughout this period, the patients continued receiving the previously set immunotherapy treatment. No adverse side effects related to the treatment were noticed. One complete and four partial tumour responses were observed, as well as nine cases of stable disease. Thirteen patients died in the treated group (43%) and 63 (44%) in the control group. Responding patients resumed progression in 4ñ11 months and died 18 and 36 months after beginning the vaccine therapy. The Gehan Wilcoxonís test showed a significantly (P < 0.01) better survival in the vaccinated patients compared to that of the controls. Thus, we confirm, in an increased number of patients and an extensive followup, that our vaccination protocol is safe, devoid of adverse side effects, and promising.
Aneuploidy in the Transgenic Rabbit
Authors: Parkányi Vladimír , Chrenek P. , Rafay J. , Süvegová K. , Jurčík R. , Makarevich A. V. , Pivko J. , Hetényi L. , Paleyanda R. K.
Published: February 2025

The aim of this study was to determine whether there are differences in the karyotypes between transgenic and non-transgenic or control rabbits. New Zealand White transgenic rabbits (F1 generation) were obtained after breeding of transgenic founder rabbits that were derived from single ñ SM ñ or double microinjection DM with a WAP-hFVIII transgene. C-metaphase plates were obtained from short-time culture of peripheral blood lymphocytes synchronized by the addition of colcemide. A significantly higher rate of aneuploidy was observed in c-metaphase spreads of transgenic (56-66%) rabbits, as compared to non-transgenic ones (28-38%) (P < 0.05; P < 0.01). The patterns of chromosome banding were identical in both groups of rabbits. No structural aberrations were revealed in either group. These findings demonstrate that transgenic rabbits have a higher frequency of numerical chromosomal aberrations in their peripheral blood lymphocytes than normal rabbits, but without apparent deleterious effects on health or reproduction.
Advancing data-driven process modeling in metal forming
Authors: Liewald Mathias , Vogel-Heuser Birgit , Bergs Thomas , Huber Marco , Kröger Peer
Published: February 2025

The production of metal forming technology products until now requires substantial expertise from specialists in product, process, and equipment design. Particularly important is the ability to compensate for stochastic, unpredictable process deviations. Given this context, a newly established Priority Program 2422 (PP 2422) by the German Research Foundation (DFG) aims to enhance the current FEM-simulation-based design of the active surfaces of metal forming tools with data-driven modeling. The present paper firstly summarizes the current state of the art in data-based process modelling in this technology. Subsequently, the research questions addressed by the PP 2422 and the concept of interdisciplinary cooperation between metal forming, automation and data science are explained.
On k-Circulant matrices involving the Lucas numbers of even index
Authors: Radičić Biljana
Published: February 2025

Let k be a nonzero complex number. In this paper, we consider a k-circulant matrix whose first row is (L
2, L
4, … , L
2n
), where Ln
is the nth
Lucas number. The formulae for the eigenvalues of such matrix are obtained. Namely, the result which can be obtained from Theorem 2 of [Bueno, A.C.F.: On r-circulant matrices with Fibonacci and Lucas numbers having arithmetic indices, AIP Conf. Proc. 1905 (2017), 030010] is improved because this result can not be applied in some cases. Since Theorem 4 in the same work relies on Theorem 2, the obtained formulae for the eigenvalues of a k-circulant matrix involving the Lucas numbers of even index show that there are cases when the result of Theorem 4 can also not be applied. Additionally, we present a more precise formula for the Euclidean norm of such matrix compared to the formula presented in Theorem 5 in the aforementioned reference. The upper and lower bounds for the spectral norm of a k-circulant matrix whose first row is

(

L

2

−
1

,

L

4

−
1

,
…
,

L

2
n

−
1

)

$(L_{2}^{-1},L_{4}^{-1},\dots,L_{2n}^{-1})$

are also investigated. The obtained results are illustrated by examples.
Convergence of α-Bernstein-Durrmeyer operators about a collection of measures
Authors: Kaur Harmanjit , Goyal Meenu Rani
Published: February 2025

This work offers a generalization of the α-Bernstein-Durrmeyer operators

D

m
,

Z

α

$\mathfrak{D}^{\alpha}_{m,\mathbf{Z}}$

about a collection Z of arbitrary measures, with the goal of building a bridge between approximation, probability, and measure theory. It has been discussed how to achieve pointwise convergence of

D

m
,

Z

α

$\mathfrak{D}^{\alpha}_{m,\mathbf{Z}}$

and constraints on measure collection have been developed for these operators’ convergence. With certain values of the measures considered, the generalization yields a range of Bernstein-like operators with their α variation. In order to handle a wider variety of p.l.o. and investigate their convergence, the paper comprises numerous operators, making it a useful tool.
Comparison of topologies on fundamental groups with subgroup topology viewpoint
Authors: Shahami Naghmeh , Mashayekhy Behrooz
Published: February 2025

In order to make the fundamental group (one of the most well-known invariants in algebraic topology) more useful and powerful, some researchers have introduced and studied various topologies on the fundamental group from the beginning of the 21st century onwards. In this paper, first we recall and review these topologies and then using the concept of subgroup topology, we compare these topologies in order to present some results on topologized fundamental groups.
Advancing reliability and medical data analysis through novel statistical distribution exploration
Authors: Oluyede Broderick , Schröder Leon , Fang Sean , Cohen Achraf , Moakofi Thatayaone , Zhang Yuhao , Pu Shusen
Published: February 2025

This comprehensive study delves into the examination and application of novel statistical distributions, namely the Ristić-Balakrishnan-Topp-Leone-Exponentiated half Logistic-G (RB-TL-EHL-G) family of distributions, emphasizing their paramount importance in reliability and medical data modeling. We meticulously explore a multitude of this family of novel distributions, accentuating their respective features, properties, and real-world applicability. The probability density, the cumulative distribution, the hazard rate, and the quantile functions are provided. The density functions of the RB-TL-EHL-G family are expanded, enabling a deeper understanding of their statistical properties, including various moments, generating functions, order statistics, stochastic orderings, probability weighted moments, and the Rényi entropy. A significant portion of the investigation is dedicated to the intensive analysis of various data sets, to which these distributions are fitted, unveiling noteworthy insights into their behavior and performance. Furthermore, the discussions extend to a comparative study, delineating the advantages and limitations of each distribution, fostering a deeper understanding and selection criteria for practitioners.
Ukrainian Researchers in a War Documentation Project
Authors: Otrishchenko Natalia , Kharchenko Artem , Shevchenko Valentyna
Published: February 2025

This article covers the experiences of an interdisciplinary team of researchers, most of whom were internally displaced scholars, in one of the projects documenting the Russian war in Ukraine. It reflects on this initiative from different professional and institutional perspectives and reveals the interrelation and mutual influence of researchers’ embodied experiences, the logic of team organization, and the methodological decisions undertaken. The case of our initiative shows the inherent tension between different temporalities within war documentation projects: interaction with the witness here-and-now and archiving for the future. It outlines the specifics of the institutional setting and how it shaped the war documentation project. The article also focuses on the role of the body and how it was reflected during psychological supervision, both from the point of view of group therapy for researchers and from the development of sensitivity in interaction with narrators.
Perioperative Neuroprotection with Systemic Hypothermia During Carotid Endarterectomy
Authors: Syrovatsky Alexey A. , Simutis Ionas S. , Svetlikov Alexey V. , Lebedinsky Konstantin M. , Shcheglov Alexey N. , Ratnikov Vyacheslav A. , Reznichek Daria E. , Khaldina Evgenia V.
Published: February 2025

Prevention of brain injury during carotid endarterectomy (CEA) remains a significant challenge. Moderate controlled systemic hypothermia may serve as a potential neuroprotective measure during these procedures.

Aim of the study. To investigate the neuroprotective effects of moderate systemic hypothermia during CEA.

Materials and methods. Fifty-nine patients undergoing CEA under combined anesthesia were included. Patients were divided into two groups: the hypothermia group (N=33) and the normothermia control group (N=26). Both groups received standard measures to prevent cerebral ischemia. The hypothermia group received additional moderate systemic hypothermia aimed at a temperature range of 34–35°C. Cognitive function was assessed preoperatively and at 2, 5, and 30 days postoperatively using neurocognitive tests. Statistical analysis was performed with IBM SPSS Statistics.

Results. The incidence of cognitive impairment was 21.1% in the hypothermia group and 26.9% in the normothermia group. Postoperative cognitive impairment was more common in the normothermia group: 15.38% on day 5 and 11.5% on day 30 postoperatively compared to 12.1% and 6.1% in the hypothermia group (P<0.05).

Conclusion. This study demonstrated the neuroprotective effects of hypothermia, manifested by a reduced severity of cognitive impairment in the hypothermia group. Further research is needed to identify high-risk patients who would benefit most from this neuroprotective strategy and to optimize hypothermia protocols.
Efficacy of Scoring Systems for Routing and Predicting Length of ICU Stay in Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia
Authors: Ruslyakova Irina A. , Shamsutdinova Elvina Z. , Mityuchenko Galina A. , Orlova Alexandra O. , Avalueva Elena B.
Published: February 2025

Scoring systems based on assessment of disease severity and patient condition are widely used for routing and predicting length of stay in the ICU. However, their effectiveness varies in patients with sepsis.

The aim of the study. To evaluate the effectiveness of scoring systems in routing and predicting ICU length of stay in patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).

Materials and methods. Medical records of 664 patients from the Intensive Care for Severe CAP database of I. I. Mechnikov Northwestern State Medical University (2013–2023) were analyzed using the following scoring scales: CURB-65, PSI/PORT, SMART-COP, SCAP, REA-ICU, NEWS2, IDSA/ATS criteria, APACHE IV, CFS, and CCI. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica 10.0, SPSS, and Stat Research (Center for Statistical Research) software.

Results. Among the study cohort, 96 patients (15%) had bacterial severe CAP (bCAP) and 568 patients (85%) had viral severe CAP (vCAP), all of whom were admitted to the ICU. A NEWS2 score ≥2 was observed in 74 (77.1%) bCAP patients and all vCAP patients (P<0.001). In contrast, 437 (76.9%) vCAP patients and 74 (77.1%) bCAP patients were classified as high risk according to SMART-COP (P=0.966). Delayed ICU admission (>7 days) was observed in older patients with severe bCAP, but did not significantly affect ICU length of stay or outcomes. A strong correlation was found between adverse outcome and predicted mortality using APACHE IV (η=0.966 for vCAP and η=0.807 for bCAP). However, no correlation was observed between predicted and actual ICU length of stay for both vCAP and bCAP patients (R²=0.0257, Kendall's W=0.018 for vCAP; R²=0.0294, Kendall's W=0.050 for bCAP). The predictive model accuracy for ICU stay >1 day or >14 days was not satisfactory. Model with vCAP patients adjusted for age (≥60 years) and APACHE IV exhibited moderate predictive accuracy for prolonged ICU stay (AUROC 0.610).

Conclusion. Differences were found in the applicability of the NEWS2, REA-ICU, and IDSA/ATS major criteria scoring systems for ICU routing of bCAP and vCAP patients. APACHE IV showed a strong correlation between predicted and actual mortality, but no correlation between predicted and actual ICU length of stay in severe CAP patients was found.
Prediction of Local Infectious and Inflammatory Complications After Reconstructive Surgery of Aorta
Authors: Grin Oksana O. , Beloborodova Natalia V. , Grekova Marina S. , Pautova Aliсa K. , Charchyan Eduard R. , Akselrod Boris A. , Dymova Olga V. , Rizun Lyubov I. , Eremenko Alexander A. , Babaev Maxim A.
Published: February 2025

Aim. To identify biomarkers for prediction and early diagnosis of infectious and inflammatory complications in patients after aortic surgery.

Materials and methods. The study included 57 patients who underwent surgical procedures on the aorta and its branches under cardiopulmonary bypass and myocardial ischemia. The cohort was divided into two groups: patients with an uneventful postoperative period (group 1, N=35) and patients with local infectious and inflammatory complications after surgery (group 2, N=22). Serum levels of procalcitonin (PCT), interleukins (IL-6 and IL-10), and aromatic microbial metabolites (AMM) were measured before surgery, upon admission, and six hours after admission to the ICU. On postoperative days 3 and 6 neutrophil, lymphocyte, and platelet counts were assessed, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were calculated.

Results. There were no significant differences in sex, age, or comorbidities between groups 1 and 2. Patients in group 2 had a more severe intraoperative period and required a longer ICU stay. Predictive markers of complications included IL-6143.35 pg/mL at ICU admission (sensitivity 42.9%, specificity 90.9%, AUC 0.789, 95% CI 0.669–0.909, P0.001); PCT0.12 ng/mL 6 hours after ICU admission (sensitivity 90.9%, specificity 54.3%, AUC 0.762, 95% CI 0.634–0.891, P0. 001); NLR 7.8 on postoperative day 3 (sensitivity 72.7%, specificity 68.6%, AUC 0.710, 95% CI 0.571–0.850, P=0.003); and AMM (before and after surgery) 0.185 (sensitivity 77.3%, specificity 71.4%, AUC 0.780, 95% CI 0.651–0.909, P0.001).

Conclusion. Values of IL-6, PCT, NLR, and AMM reflect different features of the inflammation and can be used for prediction and early diagnosis of infectious and inflammatory complications in cardiac surgery patients.
Pediatric Randomized Clinical Trials in Community Hospitals: Strategies to Enhance Site Participation and Engagement
Authors: McDaniel Corrie E. , Coon Eric R. , Paciorkowski Natalia , Morton Kayce , Grimshaw Meg , Ganem Jorge F. , Nicholson Karee , Edwards Yeelen , Marek Rachel , Kaiser Sunitha V.
Published: February 2025

OBJECTIVE

Community hospitals provide the majority of inpatient pediatric care in the United States but face significant barriers to conducting research. More equitable research participation across the spectrum of hospital types that deliver inpatient pediatric care can improve pediatric care quality and generalizability of research findings. Thus, we sought to identify strategies to promote community hospital participation in pediatric randomized clinical trials (RCTs).

METHODS

We convened an interdisciplinary group of 33 panelists with expertise across clinical roles (eg, physicians, nurses), nonclinical partners (eg, parents, clinical trialists), and practice environments (eg, children’s and community hospitals). We conducted 2 rounds of consensus building using the nominal group technique. Panelists brainstormed, discussed, and scored strategies in each round. Round 1 was conducted within small groups to broadly identify potential strategies. Round 2 was conducted as a large group to refine and rescore top strategies. We performed descriptive analyses of scores and qualitative content analysis of identified strategies (including member checking).

RESULTS

Panelists identified 119 ideas in round 1. The 20 highest scoring ideas from round 1 were presented in round 2, where 19 strategies were scored then refined into 14 specific strategies. We identified 3 overarching domains: (1) policy changes in funding prioritization and scientific review guidelines, (2) systems for providing centralized resources, and (3) research design and planning tailored to community hospital participation.

CONCLUSION

We identified 14 strategies for supporting the conduct of pediatric RCTs in community hospitals. Implementing these strategies will require structural changes to RCT design and recruitment for hospitals, funders, and investigators.
Reducing Antibiotic Use for Culture-Negative Sepsis in a Level IV Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Lewis Jessica M. , Hodo Laura Nell , Duchon Jennifer , Juliano Courtney E.
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Antibiotic use for suspected infection without a source occurs frequently in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Prolonged antibiotic use is associated with increased risk for late-onset sepsis, death, and emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria. Our aim was to reduce antibiotic use for culture-negative sepsis (CNS) through interventions designed to decrease the number and length of antibiotic courses for CNS.

METHODS

Our team used the Model for Improvement with sequential Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles to implement interventions in our level IV NICU. These included the creation of Antibiotic Guidelines, case audits, weekly antibiotic stewardship rounds, and biweekly review of CNS cases at staff meetings. All patients who received any dose of antibiotic and who had no major congenital anomalies were included. The primary outcome measures were CNS courses and antibiotic days of therapy (DOTs) per 1000 patient days (PDs). We tracked the number of antibiotic initiation events, re-initiation events, and antibiotic spectrum index as balancing measures.

RESULTS

Antibiotic DOTs for CNS decreased significantly (81%) compared with baseline after study interventions. Subgroup analysis revealed this change was driven by a decrease in early-onset sepsis DOTs, with a reduction from 18.3 to 3.9 DOTs/1000 PDs. Overall antibiotic DOTs for the unit decreased from 232.5 to 176.7 DOTs/1000 PDs. There was no change in any of the prespecified balancing measures.

CONCLUSIONS

This quality-improvement initiative, which prioritized case review and stewardship rounds to promote guideline adherence and reduce the treatment of CNS, resulted in a decrease in antibiotic use in a level IV NICU.
Challenging Eurocentrism in Memory and Historiography
Authors: Zur Lage Julian
Published: February 2025

As an introduction to the volume ‘Global Memories of German Colonialism’, the article sheds light on the history of Eurocentrism in national memory and global historiography. The overlaps and contradictions between these two fields are presented in their historical dimensions in order to outline the challenges of a global culture of remembrance. The first field of investigation is the commemoration of colonial wars in northern Germany as a case study of conflicted remembrance, where the influence of post-colonial impulses has so far been limited. This is followed by a focus on European historiography on other continents since the early modern period and its methodological foundations. In particular, the role of oral history and looted manuscripts is considered to highlight the contradictions in European memory and historiography on colonialism.
Colonial Heroism in German, British and Tanzanian Commemorative Culture
Authors: Boieck Melanie , Kirey Reginald Elias
Published: February 2025

Remembering heroic figures in one country’s history is often a sensitive national symbolic act. Usually myths and legends are generated around these historic figures and it can be a difficult endeavour to try looking behind the embellished stories. Sometimes it can be necessary to dismantle the myths and tell the true and sometimes unheroic story which lies behind the legend. In its comparatively short colonial history, Germany, like any other imperial power has spawned a lot of so-called colonial heroes. Many of them were depicted in monuments and put on buildings or pedestals, where they stood – albeit not in every case – undisturbed to this day. Contrary to the situation in Germany, those who gathered courage to oppose colonial injustices in German Tanganyika, hence risking their own lives, were and still are honoured as heroes and heroines in Tanzania. Whereas colonial monuments in Germany together with those erected in British Tanganyika became the object of public opposition, those which honoured African colonial heroes received much public recognition after Tanzanian independence. In addressing such contrasting spatial dimensions of colonial memory landscape, this paper cites examples from Germany, Britain and Tanzania.