bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nomogram model for predicting early recurrence for resectable pancreatic cancer：A multicenter study
Authors: Man Quan , Pang Huifang , Liang Yuexiang , Chang Shaofei , Wang Junjin , Gao Song
Published: October 2023

This study aimed toestablish an accurate preoperative nomogram model for predicting early recurrence (ER) for resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
We retrospectively analyzed patients who underwent pancreatectomy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma between January 2011 and December 2020. The training set consisted of 604 patients, while the validation set included 222 patients.Survival was estimated using Kaplan–Meier curves. The factors influencing early recurrence of resectable pancreatic cancer after surgery were investigated, then the predictive model for early recurrence was established, and subsequently the predictive model was validated based on the data of the validation group.
The preoperative risk factors for ER included a Charlson age-comorbidity index ≥4 (odds ratio [OR]: 0.628), tumor size >3.0 cm on computed tomography (OR: 0.628), presence of clinical symptoms (OR: 0.515), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 >181.3 U/mL (OR 0.396), and carcinoembryonic antigen >6.01 (OR: 0.440). The area under the curve (AUC) of the predictive model in the training group was 0.711 (95% confidence interval: 0.669–0.752), while it reached 0.730 (95% CI: 0.663–0.797) in the validation group. The predictive model may enable the prediction of the risk of postoperative ER in patients with resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, thereby optimizing preoperative decision-making for effective treatment.
WEAP Model Based Evaluation of Future Scenarios and Strategies for Sustainable Water Management in the Chennai Basin, India
Authors: RaziSadath Puthan Veettil , RinishaKartheeshwari Mariappan , Elango Lakshmanan
Published: October 2023

The gap between water supply and demand is increasing in several urban clusters of the world. This study uses the water evaluation and planning model to assess the water supply and demand dynamics in one of the large metropolitan regions of the Chennai hydrological basin. The primary water supply sources, including reservoirs, groundwater, inter-basin transfer, and desalination plants, were integrated into the model to simulate the current and future water demand and supply scenario. Three rainfall scenarios (excess, normal, and deficit) were utilized to assess their impacts on water supply. The study highlights the increase in unmet demand for normal and deficit rainfall scenarios. In response, various mitigation options were explored, including increasing groundwater recharge, reservoir capacity enhancement, water treatment plant expansion, additional storage, and utilization of water stored in rock quarries. The findings provide valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders to develop sustainable water management strategies in the Chennai Basin.
Potential impacts of climate change on ecologically relevant flows: a case study in the Himalayan River basin
Authors: Pradhan Pragya , Shrestha Sangam , Shanmugam Mohana Sundaram
Published: October 2023

Understanding the potential impact of anthropogenic climate change on the hydrological regime of the Koshi River Basin (KRB) is very important for sustainable water resources and ecosystem management. The hydrological studies are mainly focused on the annual, seasonal, and peak flows of the hydrological regime; however, the ecologically relevant flows of the hydrological regime are less explored. In this study, we analyzed the different flow characteristics based on the magnitude, intensity, and duration using the Indicator of Hydrologic Alterations (IHA) under the influence of shared socio-economic pathway (SSP) scenarios. We found that the KRB will experience a shift in hydro-climatic events, an increase in rise and fall rates of flow, increase in monthly low flows of the hydrological regime, eventually affecting the livelihoods and ecosystem of the basin. This study highlights the importance of environmental flow components (EFCs) in a hydrological regime to better understand the flow characteristics during the future hydro-climatic variability.
Nucleoside Scaffolds and Carborane Clusters for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy: Developments and Future Perspective
Authors: Khalil Ahmed , Adam Mohamed Shaker S.
Published: October 2023

:

Nucleosides containing carboranes are one of the most important boron delivery
agents for boron neutron capture therapy, BNCT, which are good substrates of hTK1.
The development of several nucleosides containing carboranes at early stages led to the
discovery of the first generation of 3CTAs by incorporating a hydrocarbon spacer between
the thymidine scaffold and carborane cluster and attaching dihydroxylpropyl group on the
second carbon (C2) atom of the carborane cluster (e.g., N5 and N5-2OH). Phosphorylation
rate, tumor cellular uptake, and retention have been evaluated in parallel to change
the length of the tether arm of spacers in these compounds. Many attempts were reported
and discussed to overcome the disadvantage of the first generation of 3CTAs by a) incorporating
modified spacers between thymidine and carborane clusters, such as ethyleneoxide,
polyhydroxyl, triazole, and tetrazole units, b) attaching hydrophilic groups at C2 of
the carborane cluster, c) transforming lipophilic closo-carboranes to hydrophilic nidocarborane.
The previous modifications represented the second generation of 3CTAs to
improve the hydrogen bond formation with the hTK1 active site. Moreover, amino acid
prodrugs were developed to enhance biological and physicochemical properties. The
structure-activity relationship (SAR) of carboranyl thymidine analogues led to the
roadmap for the development of the 3rd generation of the 3CTAs for BNCT.
Quantitative Structure-activity Relationship (QSAR) Modelling of Indomethacin Derivatives using Regression Analysis
Authors: Shukla Neerja , Sharma Bechan
Published: October 2023

Background:

Indomethacin is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)
used for medication to reduce fever, spondylitis, or shoulder pain. It mainly
works by the inhibition of prostaglandins, the endogenous signaling molecules.

Methods:

Fifteen indomethacin derivatives have been analyzed in relation to their physicochemical
and molecular properties. Two-dimensional (2D) structures of fifteen indomethacin
derivatives were drawn using the ACD Lab Chem Sketch version. Most of
the topological parameters, such as wiener index (W), mean wiener index (Wa), Balaban
indices (J), Balaban centric index (BAC), and molecular connectivity (χ), were calculated
by using E Dragon software. The most common molecular file formats accepted in EDragon
software were SMILES notations created online by Babel software and 2D structures
of various derivatives, which were converted into 3D optimized structures using online
CORINA, provided by Molecular Networks GMBH. 3D structures of compounds
were also drawn on Gauss View software for calculations of various density functional
theory (DFT) based quantum chemical descriptors, such as total energy (TE), softness
(S), hardness (η), chemical potential (μ), highest occupied molecular orbital energy (HOMO),
and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy (LUMO). All species were fully
optimized in the gas phase with a 6-31+G* basis set. The harmonic vibrational frequency
calculations were used to confirm that the optimized structures were minima, as characterized
by positive vibrational frequencies.

Results:

Combinations of various descriptors, such as D, ID, IOR, Log P, Mr, Mv, Mw,
Pc, BAC, Pz, St, W, Wa, 0χ, 1χ, 2χ,3χ,4χ, 5χ, and Xeq have been found to be significant
for modeling of activity. QSAR model no. 2: pIC50= -20.605 (±6.600) IOR - 0.747
(±0.454) I1 -5.083 (±3.478) Xeq + 51.647 optimized with empirical parameters with
high statistical quality (R= 0.921, R2=0.848) was found to be the best model obtained.

Conclusion:

The QSAR model obtained suggests that substituents with a lesser value of
the index of refraction and less electronegative groups were favourable for the activity,
whereas indomethacin derivatives with a CH2CH2NHCONH(CH2)3ONO2 group at R1 position
were unfavourable for the activity. The results were critically discussed based on
regression data and cross-validation techniques. Pogliani factor Q and the results of the
LOO (leave-one-out) method confirmed the reliability and predictability of the proposed
models that could be highly beneficial for the future designing of new analogues with
higher potency.
The Biological Significance of AFF4: Promoting Transcription Elongation,
Osteogenic Differentiation and Tumor Progression
Authors: Long Qian , Xiang Mingli , Xiao Linlin , Wang Jiajia , Guan Xiaoyan , Liu Jianguo , Liao Chengcheng
Published: October 2023

As a member of the AF4/FMR2 (AFF) family, AFF4 is a scaffold protein in the superelongation
complex (SEC). In this mini-view, we discuss the role of AFF4 as a transcription
elongation factor that mediates HIV activation and replication and stem cell osteogenic differentiation.
AFF4 also promotes the progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, leukemia,
breast cancer, bladder cancer and other malignant tumors. The biological function of AFF4
is largely achieved through SEC assembly, regulates SRY-box transcription factor 2 (SOX2),
MYC, estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1), inhibitor of differentiation 1 (ID1), c-Jun and noncanonical
nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) transcription and combines with fusion in sarcoma (FUS), unique
regulatory cyclins (CycT1), or mixed lineage leukemia (MLL). We explore the prospects of using
AFF4 as a therapeutic in Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and malignant tumors
and its potential as a stemness regulator.
Investigation of the Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Therapeutic
Effect of Perilla frutescens L. Essential Oil on Acute Lung Injury Using
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and Network Pharmacology
Authors: Chen Hou , Bai Lu , Shi Yanqiong , Zhang Xiaofei , Wang Xuan , Wang Yujiao , Hu Jiadong , Zhou Peijie
Published: October 2023

Objective:

The present study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism through
which Perilla essential oil treats acute lung injury (ALI) through network pharmacology, molecular
docking, and in vitro assays.

Methods:

Relevant ALI targets of the active ingredients of Perilla essential oil were predicted
using the SwissTargetPrediction database and meta TarFisher database. These ALI targets were
then screened using GeneCards and DisGeNET, and differentially expressed ALI target genes
were identified using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Next, key targets were enriched
using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG).
Protein-protein interaction network analysis was performed to obtain targets with the highest
degree values for molecular docking with Perilla essential oil active ingredients. For in vitro experiments,
lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to induce an ALI inflammation model using
RAW264.7 cells. The model cells were then treated with Perilla essential oil to detect the protein
expression levels of vascular endothelial factor (NO), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), and
p65 nuclear transcription factor in them.

Results:

Sixty-eight key targets of Perilla oil were identified for the treatment of ALI. These targets
were found to be involved in biological processes related to peptides, response to lipopolysaccharides,
the positive regulation of cytokine production, etc., using GO. The signaling pathways
found to be associated with the targets included the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic
complications, the NF-kappa B signaling pathway, and small cell lung cancer and other inflammatory
signaling pathways. The five key targets that showed good binding activity with Perilla oil active
ingredients included TNF, RELA, PARP1, PTGS2, and IRAK4. In vitro assays showed that
Perilla essential oil could significantly reduce NO and TNF-α levels and inhibit the phosphorylation
of nuclear transcription factor P65, thus inhibiting the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway.

Conclusion:

Perilla essential oil can play a role in the treatment of ALI by inhibiting the activation
of the NF-κB signaling pathway and preventing an excessive inflammatory response. This
study thus provides a reference for the in-depth study of the mechanisms through which Perilla
essential oil treats ALI.
Exploration of the Potential Mechanism of Yujin Powder Treating
Dampness-heat Diarrhea by Integrating UPLC-MS/MS and Network
Pharmacology Prediction
Authors: Jiang Li-dong , Zhang Wang-dong , Wang Bao-shan , Cai Yan-zi , Qin Xue , Zhao Wen-bo , Ji Peng , Yuan Zi-wen , Wei Yan-ming , Yao Wan-ling
Published: October 2023

Background:

Yujin powder (YJP) is a classic prescription for treating dampness-heat
diarrhea (DHD) in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), but the main functional active ingredients
and the exact mechanisms have not been systematically studied.

Objective:

This study aimed to preliminarily explore the potential mechanisms of YJP for treating
DHD by integrating UPLC-MS/MS and network pharmacology methods.

Method:

Ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS)
technology was used to determine the ingredients of YJP. And then, the targets of these components
were predicted and screened from TCMSP, SwissTargetPrediction databases. The disease
targets related to DHD were obtained by using the databases of GeneCards, OMIM, DisGeNET,
TTD, and DrugBank. The protein-protein interaction networks (PPI) of YJP-DHD were constructed
using the STRING database and Origin 2022 software to identify the cross-targets by
screening the core-acting targets and a network diagram by Cytoscape 3.8.2 software was also
constructed. Metascape database was used for performing GO and KEGG enrichment anlysis on
the core genes. Finally, molecular docking was used to verify the results with AutoDock 4.2.6,
AutoDock Tools 1.5.6, PyMOL 2.4.0, and Open Babel 2.3.2 software.

Result:

597 components in YJP were detected, and 153 active components were obtained
through database screening, among them the key active ingredients include coptisine, berberine,
baicalein, etc. There were 362 targets treating DHD, among them the core targets included TNF,
IL-6, ALB, etc. The enriched KEGG pathways mainly involve PI3K-Akt, TNF, MAPK, etc. Molecular
docking results showed that coptisine, berberine, baicalein, etc., had a strong affinity with
TNF, IL-6, and MAPK14. Therefore, TNF, IL-6, MAPK14, ALB, etc., are the key targets of the
active ingredients of YJP coptisine, baicalein, and berberine, etc. They have the potential to regulate
PI3K-Akt, MAPK, and TNF signalling pathways. The component-target-disease network
diagram revealed that YJP treated DHD through the effects of anti-inflammation, anti-diarrhea,
immunoregulation, and improving intestinal mucosal injury.

Conclusion:

It is demonstrated that YJP treats DHD mainly through the main active ingredients
coptisine, berberine, baicalein, etc. comprehensively exerting the effects of anti-inflammation,
anti-diarrhea, immunoregulation, and improving intestinal mucosal injury, which will provide
evidence for further in-depth studying the mechanism of YJP treating DHD.
A Recent Advance on Phytochemicals, Nutraceutical and Pharmacological Activities of Buckwheat
Authors: Sharma Shweta , Kumar Sahil , Singh Rajesh Kumar
Published: October 2023

:

Buckwheat, a member of the Fagopyrum genus in the Polygonaceae family, is an
ancient pseudocereal with noteworthy nutraceutical properties that have been relatively less
explored. This crop holds great promise for the future due to its gluten-free protein, wellbalanced
amino acid profile, and the presence of bioactive flavonoids that promote good health.
With its gluten-free nature and a combination of beneficial nutritional components, buckwheat
shows significant potential for a variety of health benefits.
The objective of the present review aims to explore various nutritional and pharmacological
properties of buckwheat.
With the help of various search engines Pubmed, Google and Semantic Scholar, research and
review papers. Data were analyzed and summarized in a comprehensive review.
A fascinating spectrum of nutritional and pharmacological activities of common buckwheat and
Tartary buckwheat were explored such as antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, neurological
disorders, antiobesity, anticancer, cardiovascular agents and many more.
This review provides a concise overview of the current understanding of the chemical
composition of both common buckwheat and Tartary buckwheat and the captivating spectrum of
pharmacological activity and also underscoring their immense potential for future advancements.
Plant bZIP Proteins: Potential use in Agriculture - A Review
Authors: de Souza Cláudia Regina Batista , Serrão Cleyson Pantoja , Barros Nicolle Louise Ferreira , dos Reis Sávio Pinho , Marques Deyvid Novaes
Published: October 2023

With global climate changes and the increased demand for food due to expected world
population growth, genetic improvement programs have aimed at producing crops with increased
yield and tolerance to environmental stresses, such as drought, salinity, and pathogens. On the other
hand, genetic improvement programs via biotechnology require candidate genes that confer traits of
interest to be incorporated into improved crops. In this regard, genes encoding transcription factors
(TFs) can be promising since they are proteins that transcriptionally regulate the expression of target
genes related to the most diverse roles in the plant, including defense against stresses. Among
TFs, bZIP (basic leucine zipper) proteins regulate many developmental and physiological processes
in the plant, such as seed formation, fruit ripening, nutrient assimilation, and defense response to
abiotic and biotic stresses. In this review, we aim to highlight the main advances in the potential use
of bZIP TFs in the genetic improvement of crops. We address this potential mainly regarding crop
tolerance to stresses and other agricultural traits, such as increased yield and fruit features.
Construction of Prognostic ceRNA Network Landscape in Breast Cancer to Explore Impacting Genes on Drug Response by Integrative Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Sadeghi Mahboubeh , Cava Claudia , Mousavi Pegah , Sabetian Soudabeh , Morowvat Mohammad Hossein
Published: October 2023

Background:

Breast cancer accounts for 30% of all new female cancers yearly. Bioinformatics
serves us to find new biomarkers and facilitate future experimental research. Exploring a distinct
network of competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) that includes potential prognostic, diagnostic,
and therapeutic biomarkers is captivating.

Methods:

Differentially expressed lncRNAs, mRNAs, and miRNAs were collected using Gene Expression
Omnibus datasets. DEGs were validated based on TCGA. Functional analysis and pathway
activity were also done. Drug sensitivity analyses were done, and IC50 vs. gene expression plots
were depicted.

Results:

A total of 696 mRNAs, 48 lncRNAs, and, 43 miRNAs were identified to have significant
differential expression in cancerous breast tissue than normal breast tissue samples. Functional analysis
showed significant pathway enrichments in cancer. We found that 13 individual genes,
lncRNAs, and miRNAs, CDC6, ERBB2, EZR, HELLS, MAPK13, MCM2, MMP1, SLC7A5,
TINCR, TRIP13, hsa-miR-376a, hsa-miR-21, hsa-miR-454 were significantly predictive of poor
overall survival and AKAP12, CXCL12, FGF2, IRS2, LINC00342, LINC01140, MEG3,
MIR250HG, NAV3, NDRG2, NEAT1, TGFBR3 and, hsa-miR-29c were associated with favorable
overall survival. We reached a set of five genes (EGR1, NFIB, TGFBR3, SMARCA4, and MCM2)
that exhibit altered expression patterns in breast cancer, resulting in increased susceptibility of cancer
cells to certain drug treatments.

Conclusion:

We successfully made a unique ce-network, providing new clues to understand the
regulatory functions of non-coding RNAs (miRNAs and lncRNAs) in the pathogenesis and prognosis
of breast cancer and will facilitate further experimental studies to develop new biomarkers in the
diagnosis, prognosis and, therapy of breast cancer.
A Review on the Progress of QbD Approach in Nanosystems Optimization: Current Updates and Strategic Applications
Authors: Tripathi Devika , Kumari Jyoti , Rathour Krislay , Yadav Princy , Shukla Vikas , Rai Awani Kumar
Published: October 2023

:

Nanotechnology has made great strides in developing targeted drug delivery systems over
the past few decades. These systems have garnered attention for their unique biological properties
and ability to deliver drugs in a stable and sustainable manner. Despite these advances, there are still
concerns about quality, efficacy, and safety. Many fabrication techniques still need to be refined to
address the complex structures and non-standard manufacturing processes that can impact the quality
of drug delivery systems. Recently, optimization techniques such as Quality by Design (QbD) have
gained popularity in the pharmaceutical industry. QbD is a structured approach that addresses many
technological and trait-related issues by providing a deep understanding of the product and its
operations. This review examines the current state of QbD in the design of various nano-drug
delivery systems, including lipid nanoparticles, lipid carriers, nano micelles, beaded drug delivery
systems, nanospheres, cubosomes, and novel cosmeceuticals. Various mathematical models and
statistical tests have been used to identify the parameters that influence the physical characteristics of
these nanosystems. Critical process attributes such as particle size, yield, and drug entrapment have
been studied to assess risk factors during development. However, critical process parameters are
often identified through trial and error. This review highlights common material attributes and
process parameters that affect the quality of nano-drug delivery systems. Hence, this survey has disclosed the various material attributes and process parameters, quality variables of different nano-drug
systems. QbD designs such as Central drug composite, Design of experiment, D-optimal Design,
Box-Benkhen Design, and Face center Design in optimizing the nanosystems have also been added.
Conclusively, QbD optimization in nano drug delivery systems is expected to be a time-honored
strategy in the forthcoming years.
An Outlook of Substantial Progress in Nanotechnology Emerged in
Treatment Approaches for Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Parveen Amana , Wal Pranay , Kumar Rai Awani , Wal Ankita
Published: October 2023

Background:

Rheumatoid arthritis affects roughly 5 out of every 1000 persons, rheumatoid
arthritis is a persistent anarchic ailment with complicated pathophysiology a well-known cause of arthritis-
related stinging apropos nexus, degradation of synovium, the creation of pannus, damage to
bones, and loss of the cartilage. Thus, it is imperative to diagnose and treat rheumatoid arthritis. Due to
rheumatoid arthritis's complexity, early diagnosis is difficult, which makes the treatment difficult.
Moreover, anti- rheumatoid arthritis drugs taken on a long-term basis can damage patients' organs as
well. Due to this, these anti- rheumatoid arthritis medications may cause severe side effects in extraarticular
tissues since they cannot selectively target the affected zone. There has been substantial progress
in the discovery of this disease's pathophysiology and treatment strategy over the past few years,
as well as in developing effective diagnostic methods, early detection, and efficient treatment strategies.
In the rheumatoid arthritis, nanotechnology has come to the fore as a game-changer in effectively
managing many diseases. Various nanotechnology approaches are promising for designing formulations
that can deliver drugs to bone and cartilage in targeted and non-targeted ways like Targeting receptors
on inflammation-related cells (CD44, Scavengers receptors, etc.)

Conclusion:

Nanotechnology is used to treat Rheumatoid arthritis, improve implants and prostheses,
and develop new diagnostic and treatment methods in orthopedic medicine. Many chronic orthopedic
diseases exist, but rheumatoid arthritis is the most common. Several research studies have
found that nanotechnology could deliver targeted drugs, reduce adverse effects on non-target organs,
increase drug concentration in synovial tissues, and slow the progression of immune-mediated
rheumatoid diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. This review examines how nanotechnology can be
used to diagnose and treat rheumatoid arthritis.
Advancements in Biotechnology and Stem Cell Therapies for Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Dhoundiyal Shivang , Alam Md Aftab
Published: October 2023

This comprehensive review article examines the integration of biotechnology and stem cell therapy in breast cancer diagnosis and treatment. It discusses the use of biotechnological tools such as liquid biopsies, genomic profiling, and imaging technologies for accurate diagnosis and monitoring of treatment response. Stem cell-based approaches, their role in modeling breast cancer progression, and their potential for breast reconstruction post-mastectomy are explored. The review highlights the importance of personalized treatment strategies that combine biotechnological tools and stem cell therapies. Ethical considerations, challenges in clinical translation, and regulatory frameworks are also addressed. The article concludes by emphasizing the potential of integrating biotechnology and stem cell therapy to improve breast cancer outcomes, highlighting the need for continued research and collaboration in this field.
A Critical Review on the Role of Mechanical Connection Technology in Precast Pipe Pile
Authors: Wang Jintao , Liu Yu , Chong Haoran , He Yuheng , Deng Jian , Ye Jincheng , Li Xuezhi
Published: October 2023

Background:

With an increase in urbanization, there is a persistent demand for prefabricated
pipe pile connections, which play a crucial part in construction projects. In many engineering
projects that use pipe piles, poor welding quality leads to problems like cracks, deformation,
and detachment of pipe pile joints that affect the safety and stability of the project. Therefore, mechanical
joints have gradually been applied in engineering projects, and exhibit a promising potential
in connecting prefabricated pipe piles.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to present a comprehensive description of the classification,
structural characteristics, and application of mechanical connection devices for precast
pipe piles in recent years.

Methods:

In this study, we conducted a review of the patents related to precast pipe pile mechanical
connection devices and presented the advantages of different joints. Further, we introduced the
structural features, differences, and applications of precast pipe pile mechanical connection devices.

Results:

This study analyzed and compared the different types of mechanical connection devices
and summarized their typical characteristics, including connection form, connection quality, construction
efficiency, and cost. The main problems existing in the development of precast pipe pile
mechanical connection devices were assessed. Subsequently, the development trend of precast
pipe pile mechanical connection devices was forecasted, and the research status and future development
trend of precast pipe pile mechanical connection devices were discussed.

Conclusion:

From the present study, it was found that the mechanical connection of the prefabricated
pipe piles can be classified into two categories based on the joint connection range: end integral
connection and steel bar connection. The end integral connection device has a large connection
area, good connection solidity, and can withstand large loads, which is suitable for large
bridges, tunnels, and other projects. However, for small and medium-sized engineering applications,
the steel-type connection device is simple, easy to use, and has a wide range of applications
that can be adapted to different geological conditions and load requirements. Currently, the application
of prefabricated pipe pile mechanical connections is not widespread, both domestically and
internationally. Thus, there is a need for future development in the prefabricated pipe pile mechanical
connections in terms of material innovation, automation, intelligence, and sustainability.
Nanotechnology-based Nose-to-brain Delivery in Epilepsy: A Novel
Approach to Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Khan Javed , Yadav Shikha
Published: October 2023

Epilepsy is a serious neurological disease, and scientists have a significant challenge in
developing a noninvasive treatment for the treatment of epilepsy. The goal is to provide novel ideas
for improving existing and future anti-epileptic medications. The injection of nano treatment via the
nose to the brain is being considered as a possible seizure control method. Various nasal medicine
nanoformulations have the potential to cure epilepsy. Investigations with a variety of nose-to-brain
dosing methods for epilepsy treatment have yielded promising results. After examining global literature
on nanotechnology and studies, the authors propose nasal administration with nanoformulations
as a means to successfully treat epilepsy. The goal of this review is to look at the innovative application
of nanomedicine for epilepsy treatment via nose-to-brain transfer, with a focus on the use of
nanoparticles for load medicines. When nanotechnology is combined with the nose to brain approach,
treatment efficacy can be improved through site specific delivery. Furthermore, this technique
of administration decreases adverse effects and patient noncompliance encountered with more
traditional procedures.
Differences in Life Space Activity Patterns Between Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment Living Alone or as a Couple: Cohort Study Using Passive Activity Sensing (Preprint)
Authors: Muurling Marijn , Au-Yeung Wan-Tai M , Beattie Zachary , Wu Chao-Yi , Dodge Hiroko , Rodrigues Nathaniel K , Gothard Sarah , Silbert Lisa C , Barnes Lisa L , Steele Joel S , Kaye Jeffrey
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND

Measuring function with passive in-home sensors has the advantages of real-world, objective, continuous, and unobtrusive measurement. However, previous studies have focused on 1-person homes only, which limits their generalizability.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to compare the life space activity patterns of participants living alone with those of participants living as a couple and to compare people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) with cognitively normal participants in both 1- and 2-person homes.

METHODS

Passive infrared motion sensors and door contact sensors were installed in 1- and 2-person homes with cognitively normal residents or residents with MCI. A home was classified as an MCI home if at least 1 person in the home had MCI. Time out of home (TOOH), independent life space activity (ILSA), and use of the living room, kitchen, bathroom, and bedroom were calculated. Data were analyzed using the following methods: (1) daily averages over 4 weeks, (2) hourly averages (time of day) over 4 weeks, or (3) longitudinal day-to-day changes.

RESULTS

In total, 129 homes with people living alone (n=27, 20.9%, MCI and n=102, 79.1%, no-MCI homes) and 52 homes with people living as a couple (n=24, 46.2%, MCI and n=28, 53.8%, no-MCI homes) were included with a mean follow-up of 719 (SD 308) days. Using all 3 analysis methods, we found that 2-person homes showed a shorter TOOH, a longer ILSA, and shorter living room and kitchen use. In MCI homes, ILSA was higher in 2-person homes but lower in 1-person homes. The effects of MCI status on other outcomes were only found when using the hourly averages or longitudinal day-to-day changes over time, and they depended on the household type (alone vs residing as a couple).

CONCLUSIONS

This study shows that in-home behavior is different when a participant is living alone compared to when they are living as a couple, meaning that the household type should be considered when studying in-home behavior. The effects of MCI status can be detected with in-home sensors, even in 2-person homes, but data should be analyzed on an hour-to-hour basis or longitudinally.
Using ChatGPT to Improve Patient Educational Materials: a False Promise or a Promising Tool? (Preprint)
Authors: Maze Karleigh , Smith Burkely P. , Gulley Kristapher , Hodges Shelby C. , Abdulla Abiha , Giri Oviya , Brock Bethany , Wadhwani Nikita , Jones Bayley , Wood Lauren , Thirumalai Mohanraj , Rubyan Michael , Chu Daniel I.
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND

Patients’ inability to understand educational materials may explain non-adherence and poor outcomes among those with low health literacy. ChatGPT and similar artificial intelligences (AIs) may serve as accessible tools to improve readability of documents and reduce this gap.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to investigate ChatGPT’s ability to improve readability of patient education materials.

METHODS

Explanatory case study using three commands in ChatGPT to generate text (“Please reproduce this text at a 6th grade reading level” (A), “Please summarize and simplify the text” (B), and “Make this document more health literate” (C)). ChatGPT version 4.0 was used. Flesch Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL), Flesch Kincaid Reading Ease (FKRE), and SMOG scores were calculated via an online calculator for original and ChatGPT-revised documents. Unpaired T-tests compared mean scores between original and ChatGPT-revised documents.

RESULTS

Education materials were gathered from a large, tertiary-referral academic institution (N=63) and five rural hospitals (N=90; Demopolis, Greenville, Selma, Montgomery, and Shelby). Documents from the academic institution included ostomy (n=15), pre-operative (n=20), and post-operative (n=28) material. Compared to original documents, ChatGPT-revised documents using Prompts B and C scored worse in FKGL, FKRE, and SMOG scores (p<0.01). Documents generated using Prompt A produced a higher FKGL (p<0.01), but no change in FKRE or SMOG scores. Documents from rural hospitals included education related to colonoscopy (n=15), diabetes care (n=18), cardiovascular health (n=12), general health (n=10), surgical care (n=29), and other screening and prevention (n=6). Compared to original documents, ChatGPT documents using Prompt A improved FKRE (p<0.01) and SMOG scores (p=0.01), Prompt B was associated with worse FKGL (p<0.01), and Prompt C was associated with worse FKGL (p<0.01) and FKRE (p<0.01).

CONCLUSIONS

ChatGPT does not consistently improve the readability of patient educational materials. Further work is needed to optimize text-based AI’s to be used for this purpose.
Simultaneous estimation of multiple eigenvalues with short-depth quantum circuit on early fault-tolerant quantum computers
Authors: Ding Zhiyan , Lin Lin
Published: October 2023

We introduce a multi-modal, multi-level quantum complex exponential least squares (MM-QCELS) method to simultaneously estimate multiple eigenvalues of a quantum Hamiltonian on early fault-tolerant quantum computers. Our theoretical analysis demonstrates that the algorithm exhibits Heisenberg-limited scaling in terms of circuit depth and total cost. Notably, the proposed quantum circuit utilizes just one ancilla qubit, and with appropriate initial state conditions, it achieves significantly shorter circuit depths compared to circuits based on quantum phase estimation (QPE). Numerical results suggest that compared to QPE, the circuit depth can be reduced by around two orders of magnitude under several settings for estimating ground-state and excited-state energies of certain quantum systems.
Perbedaan Kualitas Keripik Bengkuang dan Keripik Kentang
Authors: Megantara I Dewa Gede Unesa , Sudiarta I Nyoman
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini diupayakan untuk menjadikan bengkuang sebagai keripik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas dari keripik bengkung yang dibandingkan dengan kualitas keripik kentang. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan nilai ekonomis dari bengkuang dan dapat menghasilkan produk keripik bengkuang yang mempunyai sifat fisik dan organoleptik yang dapat diterima oleh konsumen. Dalam 7 hari, keripik bengkuang dan keripik kentang yang disimpan di wadah tertutup dan disuhu ruang tidak mengalami perubahan mulai dari segi tekstur, aroma, rasa, dan warna. Berdasarkan hasil dari penelitian yang telah dilaksanakan, dapat dinyatakan bahwa keripik bengkuang bisa dijadikan sebagai alternatif pengganti kentang dalam pembuatan keripik. Yang mana, data hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan terkait dengan kualitas antara keripik bengkuang dengan keripik kentang.
 
This research attempted to make yam as chips. This study aims to determine the quality of yam chips compared to the quality of potato chips. This research is expected to increase the economic value of yam and can produce yam chips which have physical and organoleptic properties that are acceptable to consumers. Within 7 days, yam chips and potato chips stored in closed containers and at room temperature did not change in terms of texture, aroma, taste, and color. Based on the results of the research that has been carried out, it can be stated that yam chips can be used as an alternative to potato in making chips. In which, the research data obtained showed no significant difference related to the quality between yam chips and potato chips.
Pengaruh Harga dan Kualitas Pelayanan Terhadap Kepuasan Konsumen
Authors: Astrawan I Kadek Oka , Sanjaya I Wayan Kiki , Ekasani Kadek Ayu
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh harga (X1) dan kualitas pelayanan (X2) baik secara parsial maupun simultan terhadap kepuasan konsumen (Y). Penelitian ini dilakukan di Livingstone Cafe & Bakery yang beralamat di Jl. Petitenget No. 88X, Kerobokan Kelod, Kec. Kuta Utara, Kab. Badung, Bali. Penelitian ini dilakukan dari bulan Maret hingga bulan Agustus tahun 2021. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah konsumen yang berkunjung ke Livingstone Cafe & Bakery. Metode penentuan sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknik sampling kuota dengan metode roscoe yang mendapatkan sampel berjumlah 30 orang. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian korelasional. Teknik analisis datayang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu analisis regresi linear berganda menggunakan program SPSS versi 25. Simpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu: (1) terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan (p<0,05) secara parsial variabel harga (X1) terhadap kepuasan konsumen (Y).; (2) terdapat pengaruh yang sangat signifikan (p<0,01) secara parsial variabel kualitas pelayanan (X2) terhadap kepuasan konsumen (Y).; (3) terdapat pengaruh yang sangat signifikan (p<0,01) secara simultan variabel harga (X1) dan kualitas pelayanan (X2) terhadap kepuasan konsumen (Y) di Livingstone Cafe & Bakery.
 
This study aims to determine how the effect of price (X1) and service quality (X2) either partially or simultaneously on consumer satisfaction (Y). This research was conducted at Livingstone Cafe & Bakery which is located at Jl. Petitenget No. 88X, Kerobokan Kelod, Kec. Kuta Utara, Kab. Badung, Bali. This research was conducted from March to August 2021. The population in this study were consumers who visited Livingstone Cafe & Bakery. The method of determining the sample in this study used a quota sampling technique with the Roscoe method which obtained a sample of 30 people. This type of research is correlational research. The data analysis technique used in this study is multiple linear regression analysis using the SPSS version 25 program. The conclusions from this study are: (1) there is a significant effect (p <0.05) partially the price variable (X1) on consumer satisfaction ( Y).; (2) there is a very significant effect (p<0.01) partially service quality variable (X2) on customer satisfaction (Y); (3) there is a very significant effect (p<0.01) simultaneously variable price (X1) and service quality (X2) on consumer satisfaction (Y) at Livingstone Cafe & Bakery.
Pengaruh Promosi dan Harga terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Melalui Online Travel Agent
Authors: Andriani Dewa Ayu , Arianty A.A.A Arun Suwi , Suwintari I Gusti Ayu Eka
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh promosi dan harga terhadap keputusan pembelian melalui online travel agent di Hotel Prama Sanur Beach Bali. Teknik sampling dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan teknik yang diambil adalah sampel kuota. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuesioner sebanyak 188 responden, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian dengan teknik analisis, meliputi: uji validitas dan reliabilitas, analisis regresi linier berganda, analisi koefisien determinasi dan pengujian hipotesis melalui uji T dan uji F. Hasil penelitian dan pembahasan menyimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh secara parsial dan signifikan antara promosi dan harga terhadap keputusan pembelian di Hotel Prama Sanur Beach Bali dengan nilai signifikan 0,05 (0,000 < 0,05). Promosi dan harga memiliki pengaruh sebesar 76,5% terhadap keputusan pembelian sisanya 23,5% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain.
 
This study aims to determine the effect of promotion and price on purchasing decisions through online travel agents at Hotel Prama Sanur Beach Bali. The sampling technique in this research used a purposive technique The sampling technique used is quota sampling. Data collection technique used in this research was a questionnaire of 188 respondents, interviews and documentation. In this study, research methods were used with analysis techniques, including: validity and reliability tests, linear regression analysis multiplex, analysis of the coefficient of determination and hypothesis testing via T test and test F. The results of the research and discussion conclude that there is a direct influence partial and significant relationship between promotion and price on purchasing decisions in Hotel Prama Sanur Beach Bali with a significant value of 0.05 (0.000 < 0.05). Promotion and price has an influence of 76.5% on the remaining purchasing decisions 23.5% is influenced by other variables.
Kupes Balığının (Boops boops) Et Verimi ve Köftesinin Bazı Kalite Özellikleri
Authors: İzci Levent , Umut Fahriye
Published: October 2023

Bu çalışmada, kupes balığının (Boops boops) et verimi ve elde edilen balık köftesindeki bazı kalite özellikleri araştırılmıştır. Bu kapsamda, et verimi yanında pH, toplam mezofilik aerobik bakteri (TMAB), toplam psikrofilik aerobik bakteri (TPAB) ve duyusal analizler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Köfte yapımı için kullanılan kupeslerde et verimi % 48,10±1,12 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Köfte örneklerinde depolama (4±1 oC) süresince pH değerinin 6,15±0,03 - 6,64±0,12, TMAB sayısının 5,23±0,04 - 9,05±0,04 log kob/g ve TPAB sayısının da 4,67±0,01 - 9,04±0,01 log kob/g arasında değiştiği belirlenmiştir. Panelistlerin duyusal değerlendirmesi sonucunda kupes balığından elde edilen köftelerin beğenildiği tespit edilmiştir.
Dose effect and duration of action of liposomal bupivacaine administered as a perineural analgesic in a reversible and adjustable frog-pressure model of equine lameness
Authors: Dockery Allison , Beasley Brian , Goldberg Molly , Aguirre Gabrielle , Moorman Valerie J.
Published: October 2023

OBJECTIVE

To determine the dose effect of peri-neural liposomal bupivacaine (LB) in an induced forelimb lameness model.

ANIMALS

12 clinically normal adult horses.

METHODS

A randomized cross-over design was performed with 1 limb receiving saline and the other LB: low dose (6), high dose (6). Lameness was induced in 1 forelimb using a frog-pressure model. In the lame limb, peri-neural injection of the palmar nerves at the proximal sesamoid bones was performed using saline, low dose LB (0.25 mg/kg) (LDLB), or high dose LB (0.5mg/kg) (HDLB) in random order with a 1-week washout period between treatments. Distal limb swelling, mechanical nociceptive thresholds (MNT), and objective lameness data were collected before and up to 72 hours after peri-neural anesthesia. Data analysis was performed with mixed model ANOVA, equality of medians test, and Kaplan Meier survival analysis.

RESULTS

Compared with baseline, horses treated with LDLB and HDLB had improvements in MNT and lameness (P < .001). In the LDLB group, the median duration of analgesia was 4.5 hours (range = 3–6 hours) and the median return to lameness was 7 hours (range = 4–24 hours). In the HDLB group, the median duration of analgesia was 12 hours (range = 4–48 hours) and the median return to lameness was 9 hours (range = 3–48 hours). Mild to moderate swelling was identified in 11/12 (92%) LB limbs.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Both LDLB and HDLB resulted in loss of skin sensation and improvement of lameness. There was high variability among horses in duration of action for both doses.
A multisectoral approach to developing a state-level foreign animal disease response plan: the Ohio African Swine Fever Response Plan Workshop
Authors: Kalley Aminata , Halcomb Megan , Hoet Armando , Summers Dennis , Skorupski Susan , Day Cheryl , Berrian Amanda M.
Published: October 2023

Foreign animal disease (FAD) preparedness is a high priority for state and federal governments to ensure the protection of the nation’s livestock industry. Highly contagious diseases such as African swine fever (ASF) have been the focus of recent advancements in FAD preparedness, including the development of disease-specific response plans. At the state level, FAD response plans provide a framework to help ensure a rapid and coordinated response that considers the resources and realities of that state; however, preparing a comprehensive plan requires collaboration across multiple agencies and sectors that can be difficult to operationalize. To initiate systematic state-level ASF response plan writing and identify gaps in preparedness, university and industry stakeholders partnered with the Ohio Department of Agriculture and USDA to develop the Ohio African Swine Fever Response Plan Workshop. A linear planning model was used to implement the workshop in May 2021. All planning and workshop activities were conducted fully virtually, prompted by public health restrictions in response to COVID-19. Sixty-four participants, representing multiple sectors and stakeholder groups including state/federal/industry animal health officials, emergency management, environmental protection, and academia, contributed to the workshop. Spanning 3 days, participants identified current response capabilities and areas requiring additional planning for an effective state-level response. The workshop generated recommendations from a multisectoral perspective for subcommittees tasked with developing standard operating procedures for the Ohio ASF Response Plan. The methodology and resources used to plan, implement, and evaluate the workshop are described to provide a model for state-level response planning.