bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Вильнюсская школа старообрядческой иконописи: Иван Михайлов и его ученики
Authors: Поташенко Григорий
Published: March 2018

[full article, abstract in Russian; abstract in Lithuanian and English]

Ivan Ipatievich Mikhailov (1893–1993) — an outstanding and fruitful Vilnius-based icon painter of the 20th century. New studies suggest that has made a significant contribution to the preservation and development of the Old Believers’ icon painting tradition in Lithuania, Belarus, Poland and Latvia in the 20th century. However, Mikhailov’s life and his creative heritage have only in recent years become the property of a wide range of researchers and experts in Russian iconography. In the 1970s and 1980s, Mikhailov was the founder of the Vilnius school of icon painting. Today, his students continue to work successfully in Lithuania, Latvia and Belarus.The purpose of this article is to consider the establishment, operation and teaching methods of the Vilnius school of icon painting that was headed by Ivan Mikhailov. One of the main sources of new and additional information about the facts, circumstances and features of the iconography of training were the stories of his daughter Zoya Mikhailova, an interview with four of his students and other people who knew the icon painter.
Księga akt grodzkich trockich [1660–1661] ze zbiorów Biblioteki Uniwersytetu Wileńskiego. V
Authors: Ušinskienė Viktorija
Published: March 2018

[full article, abstract in Polish; abstract in Lithuanian and English]

The catalogue was prepared within the framework of the research project “Court Books of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (GDL): Digitization and Database” realized by Vilnius University Library in 201122014 (VUL, No. LIT–5–19). The paper deals with the previously unexplored Trakai Castle Court Acts of 1660–1661 (F7–MDGs, 1660–1661) from the VUL collection. It presents Part V of the critical catalogue of the manuscripts written in Polish and Old Byelorussian (Ruthenian) languages, also providing short descriptions of documents Nos. 775–822 (pp. 827–877). These documents are important for the research of Lithuanian, Polish and Byelorussian history. Information accumulated in them reflects a broad political, social and cultural panorama of the multilingual GDL society. It enables us to consider them as unique reference books that represent the changing sociolinguistic situation of the GDL.
Caffeine strongly improves motility parameters of turkey spermatozoa with no effect on cell viability
Authors: Slanina Tomáš , Miškeje Michal , Tirpák Filip , Błaszczyk Martyna , Formicki Grzegorz , Massányi Peter
Published: March 2018

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of caffeine on turkey spermatozoa during in vitro incubation. Experimental samples were prepared by diluting the raw semen with nine different concentrations of caffeine – from 0.078125 mg/mL to 10 mg/mL. The individual motility parameters were evaluated by the Computer Assisted Semen Analyser (CASA) system, and the viability of spermatozoa was evaluated using eosin-nigrosin staining. Selected parameters were recorded at six time periods: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 h at 5 °C and 41 °C. A significantly higher motility and progressive motility of spermatozoa (P < 0.01 and P < 0.001, respectively) was detected in the samples containing caffeine ranging from 0.15625 to 7.5 mg/mL as compared to the control sample at 5 °C. At an incubation temperature of 41 °C the positive effect of caffeine on motility parameters was observed only at the beginning of incubation (at times 0 and 1). The tested caffeine concentrations showed no significant effect on the viability of turkey spermatozoa at any time period of incubation. A higher percentage of dead spermatozoa was observed for incubation at 41 °C (from 5.96% to 11.1%) in comparison to 5 °C (from 1.62% to 5.79%). The results suggest that caffeine can be used as a suitable component of turkey semen extenders and has the potential to improve fertility.
Metagenomic analysis of bat guano samples revealed the presence of viruses potentially carried by insects, among others by Apis mellifera in Hungary
Authors: Zana Brigitta , Kemenesi Gábor , Urbán Péter , Földes Fanni , Görföl Tamás , Estók Péter , Boldogh Sándor , Kurucz Kornélia , Jakab Ferenc
Published: March 2018

The predominance of dietary viruses in bat guano samples had been described recently, suggesting a new opportunity to survey the prevalence and to detect new viruses of arthropods or even plant-infecting viruses circulating locally in the ecosystem. Here we describe the diversity of viruses belonging to the order Picornavirales in Hungarian insectivorous bat guano samples. The metagenomic analysis conducted on our samples has revealed the significant predominance of aphid lethal paralysis virus (ALPV) and Big Sioux River virus (BSRV) in Hungary for the first time. Phylogenetic analysis was used to clarify the relationship to previously identified ALPV strains infecting honey bees, showing that our strain possesses a close genetic relationship with the strains that have already been described as pathogenic to honey bees. Furthermore, studies have previously confirmed the ability of these viruses to replicate in adult honey bees; however, no signs related to these viruses have been revealed yet. With the identification of two recently described possibly honey bee infecting viruses for the first time in Hungary, our results might have importance for the health conditions of Hungarian honey bee colonies in the future.
A validated stable HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of rifampicin and 25-O-desacetyl rifampicin – evaluation of in vitro metabolism
Authors: Kumar Saneesh , Bouic Patrick J. , Rosenkranz Bernd
Published: March 2018

A simple, efficient, and stable high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) separation method for a combination of rifampicin (RIF), its major metabolite 25-O-desacetyl rifampicin (25ODESRIF), and neostigmine (NEO) was developed and validated. The drugs individually, and in combination, were analyzed using a Waters Alliance 2695 HPLC coupled with 2996 photodiode array detector (PDA). Successful separation of combined drugs was achieved by gradient elution on a reverse-phase C-18 Phenomenex Luna column, using a mobile phase consisting of water and methanol at detection wavelength of 254 nm. The HPLC retention times were consistent at ±7.70 min, ±8.25 min, and ±10.70 min for RIF, 25ODESRIF, and NEO, respectively. The regression data for the calibration plots exhibited linear relationship (R2 = 0.995) in the range of 0–200 μM for both RIF and 25ODESRIF, and the lower limit of detection (LLOD) and lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) were calculated at 5.86 μM and 17.75 μM for RIF and 7.78 μM and 23.57 μM for 25ODESRIF, respectively. The method was evaluated using in vitro human liver microsomes (HLMs) assays, and linearity was established for the 15, 30, 45, and 60 min incubations (R2 = 0.99). The formation of 25ODESRIF was characterized by hyperbolic kinetics (Km 48.23 μM, Vmax 1.233 pmol/min/mg protein, and CLint 0.026 μl/min/mg protein). The method was applied in HLM assays to understand the herb–drug interaction (HDI) potential of Althaea officinalis, a popular African herb consumed by tuberculosis (TB) patients, with RIF. None of the extracts of A. officinalis inhibited the esterase-mediated metabolism pathway of RIF, compared to the positive control nelfinavir (IC50 = 9.59 μM). The method provides a tool for quantifying RIF and 25ODESRIF in in vitro drug metabolism assays as well as investigating herb– and drug–drug interactions (DDIs).
Phenolic constituents, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities of ethyl acetate and n-butanol extracts of Senna italica
Authors: Khalaf Omar M. , Ghareeb Mosad A. , Saad Amal M. , Madkour Hassan M. F. , El-Ziaty Ahmed K. , Abdel-Aziz Mohamed S.
Published: March 2018

Different solvent extracts of the aerial parts of Senna italica (Mill.) were investigated for their chemical constituents and biological activities. Moreover, bio-guided fractionation led to isolation and identification of six compounds, namely: physcion (1), emodin (2), 2-methoxy-emodin-6-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (3), 1-hydroxy-2-acetyl-3-methyl-6-hydroxy-8-methoxynaphthalene (tinnevellin) (4), quercetin 3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-d-glucopyranoside (rutin) (5), and 1,6,8-trihydroxy-3-methoxy-9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracene (6). The chemical structures of these compounds were established via 1D and 2D 1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopy. Ethyl acetate and n-butanol extracts as well as compound 3 were evaluated for their anticancer activity against tumor cell lines. The tested extracts showed a moderate to weak activity, while compound 3 showed a moderate activity against human liver cancer (Hep G2) and breast cancer (MCF-7) cell lines with IC50 values of 57.5 and 42.3 μg/mL, respectively. Both ethyl acetate and n-butanol extracts exhibited antimicrobial activities with different strengths, i.e., ethyl acetate exhibited antimicrobial activity against seven test microbes while n-butanol extract showed antimicrobial activity against all tested microbes. This is the first report for the isolation of compound 3 as a new compound from S. italica growing in Egypt.
Headspace in-tube microextraction combined with reverse-flow micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography for detection of pyrethroid herbicides in fruits
Authors: Yue Mei-E , Lin Qiaoyan , Xu Jie , Jiang Ting-Fu
Published: March 2018

A rapid, simple, and sensitive method has been developed for the analysis of pyrethroid herbicides in fruits by using headspace in-tube microextraction (HS-ITME) coupled with reverse-flow micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (RF-MECC). In the newly developed method, by placing a capillary filled with background electrolyte (BGE) of RF-MECC in the HS above the sample solution, the pyrethroid herbicides were extracted into the acceptor phase in the capillary. After extraction, electrophoresis of the extracts in the capillary was carried out. The influence of some essential BGE components such as sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and organic modifiers concentrations was investigated. Extraction parameters were also systematically investigated, including the extraction temperature, extraction time, salt concentration, and volume of the sample solution. Under the optimized conditions, enrichment factors for three pyrethroids were 309, 133, and 288, respectively. The proposed method provided a good linearity, low limits of detection (below 1.00 ng/mL), and good repeatability of the extractions (relative standard deviations [RSDs] below 7.83%, n = 6). The fruit samples were analyzed by the proposed method, and the obtained results indicated that the proposed method provides acceptable recoveries and precisions.
Community and space in Italian sociolinguistics. The experience of the Linguistic Atlas of Sicily (Atlante Linguistico della Sicilia – ALS)
Authors: D’Agostino Mari , Paternostro Giuseppe , Pinello Vincenzo
Published: March 2018

Our paper focuses on the notions of ‘space’ and ‘community’ within the most recent developments of Italian sociolinguistics. This research area has roots in the tradition of Italian geolinguistic studies and has been enhanced by other research traditions. In fact, Italian sociolinguistics has reused the relationship between ‘community’ and ‘space’ investigated in the early 20th century by Benvenuto Terracini’s (1886--1968) seminal studies on ‘minimal linguistic point’ (‘punto linguistico minimo’) and on ‘community of speakers’. Since the Seventies and, with more weight, in the last decades, some important contributions coming from scholars such as Alberto Sobrero, Tullio Telmon and Giovanni Ruffino returned to Terracini’s issues, intertwining them with the approaches of variationist sociolinguistics. More recently models viewing community and space as contextualized discourse practices have been elaborated. In the most productive way, the Linguistic Atlas of Sicily (Atlante Linguistico della Sicilia, ALS) project uses the notions of ‘community’ and ‘space’ as they have been developed in the Italian geo- and sociolinguistic tradition. For more than twenty years, ALS has been exploring the Sicilian speaker’s language use, carrying out an innovative project. In this paper both theoretical assumptions and achievements of the ALS project will be discussed.
The outcomes of the geminate lateral in the South of Italy and their conservation in certain types of linguistic community
Authors: Sornicola Rosanna
Published: March 2018

This paper deals with the multiple developments of the geminate lateral consonant in Southern Italian Dialects. After considering the broader Romance area affected by changes to this phonetic segment, it focuses on the structural properties of the variants, their distribution across word classes and their diatopic diffusion in the upper regions of Southern Italy, with a particular focus on Campania. The latter area is particularly interesting as in a relatively small space it presents most of the forms that are otherwise scattered across the whole South of Italy and Sicily. The comparison between the evolution of the lateral consonant in Romance dialects and its evolution in the dialects of Greek offers us a parallel that helps highlight the relevant pathways of change. The loss and preservation of consonantal quantity emerge as two fundamental factors that may have been responsible for the diverging developments of the variants (notably, the rhotacised variants as opposed to the cacuminal (henceforth retroflex), dental, approximant and palatalised variants). Two main explanations of the origin of the Romance polymorphism of the lateral segment have been put forward: the Mediterranean substratum hypothesis and the polygenesis hypothesis. We argue in favour of the latter, drawing on recent phonetic research on the lateral segments that points to this type of consonant’s inherent articulatory instability. The final part of the work is devoted to a closer analysis of the variants that occur in Campania and their diffusion. It is argued that the different patterns of preservation concerning the variants correlate with different types of linguistic community.
Italian-dialect code-switching in Sicilian youngsters
Authors: Alfonzetti Giovanna
Published: March 2018

The paper deals with the role of dialect among young Sicilian speakers. After a brief overview of the conditions of local dialects in Western Europe, I will discuss the main results of research carried out by means of different methodological approaches and types of data: (i) self-evaluative data elicited through questionnaire; (ii) a corpus of spontaneous spoken language; (iii) a written corpus of e-mails, text messages, posts in social networks, etc. The study shows a strong functional specialization of the dialect in young speakers’ repertoire, above all of those living in towns and with a high sociocultural background, who use it almost only in joking or to strengthen aggressive speech acts. In electronic media young speakers use a lot of polylanguaging, mixing their own language and dialect with bits of foreign languages and of other regional dialects. This style aims at expressing a multiple identity, made of both local, national and globalized components. The dialect thus acquires an important communicative function within the repertoire of young semi-speakers, whose competence of this code is extremely reduced.
Turas Al Siyasiy Partai Politik Islam di Indonesia
Authors: Yasin Achmad
Published: March 2018

Abstrak: Turas al siyasiy merupakan sesuatu yang hadir dan menyertai di masa kekinian kita dalam pola tindakan di ruang empiris kehidupan kita, yang berasal dari masa lalu (yang benar-benar terjadi dalam kurun sejarah perpolitikan bangsa Indonesia) berupa ideologi, pemikiran politik, fatsun politik, etika politik, birokrasi dan peradaban politik bangsa kita, apakah itu dari masa lalu kita, atau masa lalu orang lain, ataukah masa lalu tersebut di masa lalu yang jauh maupun yang dekat berupa tipologi politik, afiliasi politik, konstelasi politik, tradisi politik aliran partai politik Islam dalam kancah perpolitikan Indonesia.Tradisi politik aliran dari partai-partai Islam dalam usaha  menformulasikan  ideologi Islam dalam tradisi pertarungan  di dalam khazanah intelektual dan dalam ruang lingkup kebudayaan  dan perilaku politik umat Islam sejak zaman revolosi kemerdekaan hingga periode reformasi, dimana tradisi dan perilaku politik aliran berideologi Islam mengalami degradasi dalam perolehan suara yang sangat besar dibandingkan dengan perolehan suara partai yang berideologi kebangsaan dan pluralisme. Dalam konteks ini, Partai Islam dalam mainstream tradisi menformalisasikan ajaran dan doktrin Islam sebagai dasar negara dan memperjuangkan berdirinya negara Islam, ternyata tidak mendapatkan respon dari umat Islam. Sehingga pada tataran akhir, partai Islam beradaptasi menjadi partai politik yang berasaskan dan menerima Pancasila dan berdemensi partai kebangsaan dan tetap menjadikan Islam sebagai gerakan kultral, dimana Islam sebagai  basis perjuangan dalam mewujudkan nilai-nilai etika politik (Islam) dan bukan sebagai Islam politik untuk menghadapi perkembangan realitas umat Islam dan tututan agar  wajah Islam yang bersifat akomodatif dengan relasi negara.Kata Kunci: Turas al siyasiy, tradisi politik, aliran idiologis, akomodatif, etika politik
Disparitas Islam Indonesia: Antara Negara Islam dan Negara Bangsa
Authors: Amin Mahir
Published: March 2018

Abstrak: Diskursus negara Islam (Daulah Islamiayah ) di negara kita akhir-akhir ini boleh dibilang menjadi fenomena. Kecenderungan untuk menerapkan syariah Islam dalam negara atau pemerintahan merupakan gejala yang bukan hanya berkembang di indonesia tapi juga  di banyak negara Muslim, seperti Pakistan, Yordania, Sudan, Mesir, Maroko, Kuwait,  Iran, dan lain-lain. Munculnya  fenomena gerakan Islam (harakah Islamiyah ) mulai dari yang berskala internasional seperti gerakan ikhwanul muslimun ,jamaah Murabitun, Tanzibul Jihad, Hizbut Tahrir, sampai yang berskala lokal seperti DI/TII,NII, Jama’ah Muslimun (Jamus) dan yang lainnya merupakan follow-up dari upaya meralisasikan aturan syariat dalam negara ( sebut saja negara  Islam). Tulisan ini berusaha untuk mencari jawaban terhadap permasalahan-permasalahan yang muncul dari pandangan para pendukung dan penentang  negara  Islam  terkait dengan konsep negara syariah dalam sistem politik Islam      (Islamic State) , serta penerapannya dalam sistem negara-bangsa (nation state). Ada dua hal yang perlu digaris bawahi terkait hal ini yaitu (1) Apakah Islam memang berkaitan dengan penyelenggaraan negara dan (2) apakah politik Islam diarahkan untuk mencari dan mencapai konsesi kekuasaan, sehingga cita-cita Islam tercapai ?. Dalam upaya merelisasikan dan mewujudkan semangat politiknya  tidak jarang terjadi “ketegangan” antara kelompok yang ingin menerapkan syari’ah sebagai simbolisasi negara Islam dalam aturan-aturan pemerintahan dengan kelompok yang menentangnya. Dan tak jarang terjadi berbagai tindak kekerasan dan bahkan terjadi  kudeta terhadap pemerintahan yang sedang berjalan.Kata Kunci: Disparitas, agama, negara
Tarik Ulur Islam dan Dasar Negara
Authors: Jailani Imam Amrusi
Published: March 2018

Abstrak: Tulisan ini ini akan menggambarkan moment-moment bersejarah dalam perjalanan bangsa Indonesia menjelang dan sesaat setelah proklamasi kemerdekaan. Dua golongan yang sama-sama berpengaruh saling berkompetisi dalam menentukan dasar Negara. Pertama, adalah golongan nasionalis “sekuler” yang memandang bahwa Negara yang akan didirikan (Republik Indonesia) harus berdasarkan kebangsaan, bukan Islam, dengan alasan tidak seluruh rakyat Indonesia beragama Islam. Sementara itu, golongan kedua, golongan Islam berpandangan bahwa dasar Negara dari bangsa Indonesia harus Islam, dengan alasan bahwa mayoritas rakyat Indonesia beragama Islam. Walaupun mayoritas tim perumus yang tergabung dalam keanggotaan Panitia Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia (PPKI) adalah muslim, namun pada akhirnya dicapai kesepakatan dasar Negara republik Indonesia adalah Pancasila. Hal tersebut bukanlah merupakan sesuatu yang taken for granted, melainkan dicapai melalui proses diskusi yang panjang sejak pra kemerdekaan hingga pasca kemerdekaan. Kenyataan di atas  memberikan gambaran perihal jiwa besar para elit atau tokoh muslim yang tergabung dalam keanggotan PPKI dengan menerima Pancasila sebagai dasar Negara Republik Indonesia yang baru saja diproklamasikan. Bagi mereka, kepentingan bangsa dan Negara di atas segala-galanya. Keutuhan bangsa dan Negara harus tetap diperhatikan dengan selalu menjaga kesatuan dan persatuan bangsa. Kepentingan seperti itu harus selalu dikedepankan dari pada kepentingan golongan, apalagi interes pribadi. Para pendiri republik ini telah memberikan teladan yang sebaik-baiknya untuk dikenang dan dicontoh oleh generasi berikutnya.Kata Kunci: Islam, nasionalis, dasar negara, dan Pancasila
Konstruksi Nalar Politik Kenegaraan Arab-Islam Perspektif al-Jabiri
Authors: Ubaidillah M. Hasan
Published: March 2018

Abstrak; Konstruksi nalar politik kenegaraan  Arab-Islam  yang di formulasikan oleh Muhammad Abed al-Jabiri merupakan bagian dari Ikhtiar dalam menyamakan persepsi masyarakat Arab minimal pada tingkat Pemikiran dan epistimologis sebelum sampai pada persatuan bangsa Arab  (al-Wihdah al-Arabiyyah ) pada tingkat empiris yaitu pada tataran sosiologis dan politis. Idiologi nalar politik kenegaraan Arab-Islam dalam konteks ini berusaha diwujudkan tidak hanya pada tingkat sosiologis dan epistimilogis bangsa Arab saat ini, akan tetapi juga berusaha mentransformasikan kemajuan Arab-Islam  pada masa lampau dalam tradisi (turats), dimana ia akan mencari unsur-unsur kemajuan dalam upaya merekatkan dan mempersatukan aspek-aspek kebudayaan Arab yang terceraiberai sehingga memungkinkan untuk dijadikan pijakan idiologis kebangkitan “Nasionalisme Arab-Islam“, dengan melakukan upaya reinterpretasi dan pembacaan  terhadap konsep al-Aqidah, al-Kabilah dan al-Ghanimah secara praksis dan aplikatif dalam konteks kekinian.Kata Kunci: Nalar Politik kenegaraan, Arab-Islam, al-Jabiri
Pemetaan Pemikiran Islamic State, Khilafah dan Nation State Perspektif Fiqh al-Siyasi
Authors: Yasin Achmad
Published: March 2018

Abstrak: Perdebatan perihal membentuk dan memperjuangkan Negara Islam/Islamic state pasca runtuhnya Kekhalifahan Usmaniyah di Turki yang telah dihapuskan oleh Muhammed Kemal Ataturk dan koleganya, Zia Gokalp  membuat perdebatan diantara para teoritikus politik Islam di Dunia Islam baik yang ada dibelahan Timur Tengah, anak benua India dan Asia yang berpenduduk muslim sangat berlawanan. Para tokoh dan penggiat  Islamic state itu terdiri atas sekuler-modernis radikal, revivalis-Islamis normative dan Islamis moderat substantifik. Juru bicara kelompok Islimis- aktivis negara Islam dan penggiat  khilafah, misalnya Rashid Ridha, Abu al-A`la al-Mawdudi, Hasan al-Banna dan terakhir Taqiy al-Din al-Nabhani mendapatkan perlawanan dari juru bicara muslim sekuler – modernis dan kelompok nation state, misalnya Ali Abdur Rajiq, Fazlur Rahman, Muhammed Arkoun. Mereka yang muslim sekuler–modernis bahwa model Negara Madinah merupakan masalah duniawi dan profan tidak termasuk  perintah sunnah amali karena hal itu bersifat temporer dan praktik  itu merupakan pilihan rasional (al-ra`y dan ijtihadi) dan bentuk/sistem Negara boleh mengambil model Negara modern demokrasi yang bersifat nasional atau berbasis nation state. Misal, Negara republik, keamiran, atau kesultanan. Dalam hal  ini,  teoritikus politik Islam terdapat tipologi yang revivalis-Islamis moderat substantifik muncul tokoh seperti: Yusuf al-Qardhawi dan Diya` al-Din al-Rayes bahwa memperjuangkan negara yang menjunjung tinggi hukum (substansi syariah) merupakan perintah  agama. Sedangkan  model dan bentuk pemerintahan dapat diadaptasi sesuai dengan semangat dan praktik al-syura/musyawarah yang bersifat kelembagaan rakyat/suatu parlemen (ahl al-halli wa al-aqdi) yang dekat dengan model demokrasi konstitusional. Pemerintahan dapat dikontrol oleh UUD dan hak rakyat yang dijamin dalam mengekspresikan  politiknya dengan adil.Kata Kunci: Revivalis-Islamis radikal, sekuler-modernis liberal, Islamis moderat substantifik, khilafah, nation state
Kemerdekaan Berfikir dalam Hak Asasi Manusia dan Islam
Authors: Wijaya Arif
Published: March 2018

Abstract: In Islam, reason is put on the most honor place and make it as one of the valuable means to realize the exixtance of God. It is inevitable that some of the Islamic teachings are mobilizing sense, opening mind, and opening human reason, body and soul. Islam does not like the people who do not use their minds, the people whose minds are bound by beliefs and isms that are not based on a correct basis. The independence of thinking can reinforce and strengthen the faith, humility 'and awareness of the greatness of Allah. Independence of thinking is quite important. Because without it, there would be no innovation and creativity. After 68 years of Indonesian’s independence politically, independence of thinking is something that needs to be realized. Without freedom of thinking and social justice, the so called independence is just imaging. Independence of thinking is a golden bridge towards a common welfare. Independence of thinking and freedom of expression are the right of every citizen to express their thoughts orally and in a written form freely in accordance with the provisions of the legislation in force.Keywords: Freedom of thinking, politics, human rights, Islam
Sanksi Tindak Pidana Pencantuman Klausula Baku pada Karcis Parkir Kendaraan Bermotor
Authors: Rizal Moch. Choirul
Published: March 2018

Abstract: This article discusses about a criminal sanction of the standard clauses in a motor vehicle parking ticket for parking service manager according to article 18 paragraph (1) jo. article 62 paragraph (1) of Law No. 8 year 1999 about consumer’s protection. Standard clause is an agreement where the procedure of making it is unilateral. A standard clause listed on the ticket motorists has violated the provision of article 18 paragraph (1) letter a, namely “the businesses doers, in offering goods and/or services that are held for trading, are prohibited from making or including a standard clauses in each document and/or agreement if they had declare the transfer of responsibility of entrepreneurs”. The inclusion of a standard clause as mentioned in the above provisions can be categorized as a criminal offense. The criminal penalty of such act is  imprisonment of a maximum 5 (five) years or a criminal sanction of a maximum Rp. 2,000,000,000.00 (two billions rupiah) as stipulated in article 62 paragraph (1) UUPK. In Islam, these are included a criminal act and they have not stipulated in the text yet. So that, it becomes the authority of ulil 'amri to determine the punishment.Keywords: Sanctions, criminal act, standard clause, motor vehicle
Judicial Review Tap MPR RI terhadap Undang-Undang Dasar (UUD) 1945 Menurut Jimli Assdiddiqie
Authors: Amin M. Sholihuddin
Published: March 2018

Abstract: This article discusses about Jimli Asshiddiqie thinking about of MPR RI judicial review against the Constitution 1945. According to Jimli Asshiddiqie, eighth of Tap MPR/S is must be considered equivalent position with the law, because in our legal system was no longer recognized the existence of law products above the law, even though the form of law not the Consideration, but materially eighth of Tap MPR RI is Law. And when the Decree of MPR/S assessed has caused the loss of constitutional rights of certain parties, it can be requested testing (judicial review) in the Constitutional Court, as a constitutional test case stipulated in Law No. 24 of 2003 about Constitutional Court. In political jurisprudence perspective, authority of the Constitutional Court in resolving cases of judicial review Tap MPR against the Constitution 1945 as Jimli Asshiddiqie thought, has some similarities with the agency wilayah mazalim, the authorities is investigate and examine cases public beneficiaries are that can’t be carried by hisbah officers. In a formal legal framework in Indonesia, wilayah mazalim can be equated to the Constitutional Court.Keywords: Judicial review, MPR, Jimli Asshiddiqie, political jurisprudence
Pengaruh Konfigurasi Politik Hukum Orde Baru terhadap Kompilasi Hukum Islam (KHI) di Indonesia
Authors: Muslim Mochammad
Published: March 2018

Abstract: This article discusses the influence of legal political configuration of the New Order against the Compilation of Islamic Law in Indonesia. Legal political configuration of the New Order was based on Pancasila and the Constitution of 1945 as the basis of its policy to enhance and improve national law. The background formation of KHI is the need for technical justicial Religious Courts. KHI can be regarded as Indonesian fiqh sound Pancasila due to the influence of political codification and unification of the law of the New Order. This study efforts to prove that the relationship between the political configuration and character of legal product that produces any legal products is a reflection of the political configuration that gave it birth. The character of the law product is determined by the political vision that developed in the midst of society. Sometimes the character of legal product is responsive/populistic and there is also a legal product was characterized by conservative/orthodox/elitist. Likewise with KHI must have certain characters were born as a result of legal political configuration of the New Order regime.Keywords: Effect, political configuration, the new order, and KHI
Perbuatan Melawan Hukum Materiil menurut Hakim Pengadilan Negeri Kepanjen
Authors: Arrozi Fakhruddin
Published: March 2018

Abstract: This paper describes the material tort against the decision of Pengadilan Negeri (PN) of Kepanjen No. 91/Pid.B/2008 / PN.KPJ on a post-verdict corruption of Constitutional Court of RI. No.003/PUU-IV/2006 and then analyzes from the standpoint of positive law and criminal (jinayah) Jurisprudence. The study concludes that although a tort is legally no longer valid in law of Indonesia after the Constitutional Court’s decision but in the case of corruption, Pengadilan Negeri of Kepanjen still applies the rule of the material tort. The existence of obscurity formula of tort is caused by the interpretation of the law and jurisprudence on tort material conducted by PN Kepanjen. The action of Pengadilan Negeri of Kepanjen in performing legal discovery and referring to jurisprudence, according to the criminal jurisprudence perspective, is true because Islam encourages its followers to do ijtihad when the rules are silent on the case submitted to the judge. If the judge cannot do ijtihad, he should refer to the previous jurisprudence.Keywords: Law, material, corruption, jurisprudence
Potret Kekerasan dan Perlindungan Anak dalam Perspektif Sosio-Yuridis
Authors: Sukamto Sukamto
Published: March 2018

Abstract: Children are human beings who have not reached adulthood. They have right to live safely and comfortably and to avoid violence. In reality, it is often encountered a violence on children. There are several factors of violence against children, namely: first, a ‘perception’ that sees the status of parents who occupy an important role in social life of children. The relationship between children and parents has a strong emotional bond; second, with regard to the above ‘perception’, of course, it has a very complex implication at all, including the unbalanced relationship between children and parents, the emergence of violence against children by their own parents; third, a system and tradition, that have been embraced by the paternalistic people, becomes the reason to put the children’s status under that of the parents. To provide protection for children, the Indonesian government has made Undang-Undang on children protection, as outlined in Undang-Undang No. 23 tahun 2002. It can generally be classified as follows: first, the right of survival; second, the right of growth and development; third, the right to get protection includes protection against discrimination, abuse and neglect, protection for children without family and protection for refugee children; and fourth, the right of participation which includes the right to express their opinion/view in all matters relating to the fate of the children.Keywords: Violence, protection, child, socio-juridical
Islam dan Negara Menurut M. Natsir dan Abdurrahman Wahid
Authors: Saoki Saoki
Published: March 2018

Abstract: This article discusses M. Natsir’s and Abdurrahman Wahid’s thought about the relationship between Islam and state. Both of M. Natsir and Abdurrahman Wahid agree that the most realistic system to be applied in Indonesia is a democratic system. They also agree that there is no a rigid political system in Islam as it has existed today. In addition, Islam provides the basic principles of the nation and state namely deliberation, justice, equality, freedom, and togetherness. The fundamental difference between M. Natsir’s  and Gus Dur’s thought in viewing the relationship between Islam and state is  about the two things: first, their respond to secularism, which tries to separate between religion and state; and second, their political thought in addressing democracy and the Pancasila ideology as the fundamental principles of Indonesia.Keywords: Islam, state, M. Natsir, Abdurrahman Wahid.
Kontruksi Filosofis Perlindungan Hak Asasi Manusia Minoritas Keagamaan dalam Konstitusi Indonesia
Authors: Fatwa A. Fajruddin
Published: March 2018

Abstract: This article focuses on presenting problem of religious minority right in Indonesia. Based on its constitution, Indonesia has equal protection for all citizens. There are some basic religion right clearly protected and presented in constitutional and criminal law. Unfortunately, violation of minority rights still continues in Indonesian life. According to research data, there are a big gap perception between government and the people. Government choose to float the norms of religious minority right protection in abstract level and most of religious minority group asked more detail and concrete norm.Keywords: Religious minority protection, human rights, religious minority.
Demokrasi di Pakistan Menurut Benazir Bhutto
Authors: Irnawati Irnawati
Published: March 2018

Abstract: This article discusses about democracy in Pakistan by Benazir Bhutto. The realization of democracy in Pakistan, according to Benazir Bhutto, is to reach all the democratic elements of the Pakistani nations, the business communities, to release all of the political prisoners, to make the print and electronic media free, to open and uncensored, to remove the ban on sororities and labor, to separate the judicial functions of the executive, and to provide the basis for a fair electoral process. The other leaderships of women in Pakistan’s democracy by Benazir Bhutto, are appointing some women to sit in the cabinet and set up the Ministry of Women Development, creating the program of study in the universities for women, founding the Women Development Bank to provide credit only for the women entrepreneurs, creating institutions to train women in family planning, nutrition counseling, child care, and birth control. Democracy in Pakistan is a liberal democracy which is characterized by a moderate Islam, by recruiting people who are competent to sit in the government, eliminating and restricting military power, reactivating the role of civil society in accordance with the government’s program.Keywords: Democracy, Pakistan, Benazir Bhutto.
Mekanisme Pembentukan Alat Kelengkapan DPRD Kota Surabaya Periode 2009-2014
Authors: Razali Ubed Bagus
Published: March 2018

Abstract: This article discusses about the Islamic political jurisprudence perspective against the formation mechanisms of formulating DPRD (City Council) of Surabaya for 2009-2014 through 3 stages. The first is the inauguration of the members and leaders of DPRD of Surabaya for 2009-2014. The second is the formation of fractions. The formulation of fractions is led by the fraction leader of 2009-2014 which consists of 1 chair and 1 vice chairman derived from the two parties who get the most first and second seat. The third is the adoption of the draft regulation rules (rules of procedure) and the establishment of the tools of DPRD of Surabaya for 2009-2014 which consists of a definitive chairman (1 chairman and 3 vice chairmen), a council, a commission, a Regional Legislation Board, a budget committee, as well as a honorary board. Within the Islamic political jurisprudence perspective, the formation mechanism of establishing tools of DPRD of Surabaya for 2009-2014 reflects the so called amar ma’ruf nahi munkar because the direct mechanism for setting based on the sequence number of the political parties’ seats can prevent money politics and internal conflicts among the fellow legislators in Surabaya.Keywords: Formation, parliament, Islamic political jurisprudence.
Efektivitas Pelaksanaan Perda Pengelolaan Zakat di Kota Mojokerto dan Kabupaten Sidoarjo
Authors: Saf Mhd. Abduh
Published: March 2018

Abstract: Currently, local regulations on zakat (Islamic obligatory charity) management has been set up in many regions in Indonesia. InMojokerto and Sidoarjo regency, such local regulations are expected to be effective for improving the welfare of the society.This local zakat management that has the role to collect and distribute zakat is called BAZ (BadanAmil Zakat). It seems that the zakat management in Mojokerto and Sidoarjo is more effective under the present of such a local regulation. It can be seen from the increase number of the charity payers, the increase of BAZ’s charity programs, and the operation costs charged to APBD (Regional Government Budget).If it is analyzed by the effectiveness legal theory, it can be concluded that the observance of a rule of law (the perda or local regulation on the charity management) in Mojokerto and Sidoarjo regency is a kind of the internalizational obedience. It is because such observance of a rule of law is in accordance with the intrinsic values adopted. In addition, such local regulations are obeyed because giving charity is one of the fundamental Islamic teachings. The values embodied in charity in Islam have a very clear purpose, benefit, and punishment in the world and in the hereafter. These Islamic values contribute dearly to the success of the application of this local regulation on the charity management.Keywords: Charity management, local regulation, effectiveness, and BAZ. Abstrak: Saat ini zakat telah diatur dalam bentuk suatu Peraturan Daerah seperti Peraturan Daerah tentang Pengelolaan Zakat di Kota Mojokerto dan Kabupaten Sidoarjo. Dengan adanya Perda tersebut, diharapkan efektif untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat khususnya di Kota Mojokerto dan Kabupaten Sidoarjo. Perkembangan pengelolaan zakat pada BAZ di Kota Mojokerto dan Kabupaten Sidoarjo dengan adanya Perda tentang pengelolaan zakat menjadi lebih efektif. Hal itu bisa dilihat dari bertambahnya jumlah mudhakki, peningkatan perolehan dana zakat serta biaya operasional BAZ yang dibebankan kepada APBD. Apabila dianalisis dengan teori efektivitas hukum, maka bisa diambil kesimpulan bahwa ketaatan terhadap suatu aturan hukum (dalam hal ini adalah Perda tentang Pengelolaan zakat) di Kota Mojokerto dan Kabupaten Sidoarjo bersifat ketaatan internalization, yakni suatu peraturan ditaati karena merasa aturan itu sesuai dengan nilai-nilai intrinsik yang dianut. Perda tentang pengelolaan zakat ditaati karena menunaikan zakat merupakan ajaran Islam. Nilai-nilai yang terkandung dalam ajaran Islam mengenai zakat sangat jelas baik tujuan, manfaat serta sanksi baik di dunia maupun di akhirat. Nilai-nilai inilah yang menjadi dasar dalam menaati Perda tentang Pengelolaan Zakat yang sesuai dengan ajaran Islam.Kata Kunci: Pengelolaan zakat, Perda, efektivitas dan BAZ
Pemikiran Politik Islam Ahmad Hassan Perspektif Politik Islam Indonesia
Authors: Rifa’i Muh.
Published: March 2018

Abstract: This article analyzesthe Islamic political thought of Ahmad Hasan within the political perspective of Indonesia Islam. According to Hassan’s point of view, Islam is a complete religion which regulates all aspects of human life ranging from spiritual to politics. For the sake of establishing an Islamic state in accordance with the will of God, Muslims should carry out all of the Islamic teachings in every situation of life. Laws and regulations in accordance with al-Qur’an should be implemented. Islam, for him, is another option of a national ideology that considers no place for religion. He wants Islam to regulate all aspects of human life, based on the belief that Islam is the absolute truth. Islam is seen as something of the highest and widest beyond national boundaries and lines. Thus, Hassan is considered a fundamentalist thinker. In the struggle for the enforcement of Islamic Shari’ah, he wants to transform the Islamic community to its original root. He firmly believed that Muslims in Indonesia are infected by spiritual disease which ought to be cured with a radical revolutionary way. Thus, he suggested, that at personal level, a Muslim should apply the Islamic law in every place and every time.Keywords: Ahmad Hassan’s thought, concept of political Islam, Islamic political development in Indonesia Abstrak: Artikel ini mempresentasikan tentang pemikiran politik Islam menurut Ahmad Hasan dalam perspektif politik Islam Indonesia. Dalam pandangan Ahmad Hassan, Islam adalah agama yang lengkap yang mengatur sendi-sendi kehidupan manusia mulai dari karohanian sampai masalah politik kenegaraan. Demi mewujudkan suatu negara Islam yang sesuai dengan yang dikehendaki Tuhan, maka kaum muslimin harus melaksanakan seluruh ajaran agama Islam di setiap sendi kehidupan. Undang-undang dan peraturan-peraturan yang sesuai dengan al-Qur’an harus dilaksanakan. Pemerintahan Islam baginya adalah pilihan lain dari faham kebangsaan yang dianggapnya sebagai tidak memberikan tempat bagi agama. Ia menginginkan Islam memasuki seluruh aspek kehidupan manusia, sesuai dengan keyakinan bahwa kebenaran ajaran Islam adalah mutlak. Islam dipandang sebagai sesuatu yang tertinggi dan terluas menerjang batas-batas kebangsaan dan ketanah-airan. Ahmad Hassan adalah seorang pemikir yang fundamentalis, dalam memperjuangkan tegaknya syari'at Islam, Ahmad Hassan ingin mengubah masyarakat Islam sampai ke akar-akarnya, dan ingin menghancurkan penyakit umat Islam dengan cara yang radikal secara revolusioner, secara jelas, tanpa samar-samar dan penuh kepastian. Suka atau tidak suka, menurut Ahmad Hassan, seorang muslim harus menggunakan hukum Islam di setiap tempat dan setiap hal.Kata Kunci: Pemikiran Ahmad Hassan, konsep politik Islam, perkembangan politik Islam Indonesia
Pencegahan Penodaan Agama Perspektif Fiqh Jinâyah
Authors: Habibullah Ahmad
Published: March 2018

Abstract: This article discusses the Islamic criminal Law (fiqh jinâyah) analysis on prevention of blasphemy in Indonesia. Law No. 1 Year 1965 concerning with prevention of religion abuse and/or blasphemy and Criminal Code which see criteria regarding the banned or misguided sects or organizations that are also stipulated in the provisions of MUI (Indonesian Ulama Council) in 2007. The laws state that the legal sanction against the perpetrators of the desecration of religion is imprisoned for ever five years. In Islamic criminal Law, the detailed criteria of blasphemy can only slightly be met due to the absence of the text of either al-Qur’an or al-Hadith that explain in detail about the legal sanction of blasphemy. Application of the legal punishment which based on the wisdom of judge can be used against blasphemy. Such a legal punishment is in line with the existing legal sanction in UUPNPS. This is when the offense of blasphemy committed is rated light. On the other hand, if the offense of blasphemy is considered very heavy and has a very great effect, it can be the opposite.Keywords: Blasphemy, legal sanction, Islamic criminal law. Abstrak: Artikel ini membahas tentang analisis fikih jinâyah tehadap pencegahan penodaan agama di Indonesia. Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1965 Tentang Pencegahan Penyalahgunaan dan atau Penodaan Agama maupun KUHP, melihat kriteria mengenai aliran/organisasi yang terlarang atau sesat yang tertuang dalam ketentuan hukum tersebut yang dikuatkan pula oleh fatwa MUI pada tahun 2007, dinyatakan bahwa sanksi hukum terhadap pelaku penodaan agama adalah dengan pidana penjara selama-lamanya lima tahun. Dalam Fiqh Jinâyah, kriteria penodaan agama secara terperinci dapat ditemui meskipun hanya sedikit, dikarenakan tidak adanya nash al-Qur’an maupun Hadis yang menjelaskan secara detail mengenai penodaan agama beserta sanksi hukumnya. Penerapan hukuman ta’zîr yang berdasarkan kearifan hakim, digunakan untuk menjerat pelaku penodaan agama. Hukuman ta’zîr ini sejalan dengan sanksi hukum yang ada dalam UUPNPS, hal ini bila delik penodaan agama yang dilakukan dinilai ringan. Tetapi di sisi lain akan sangat bertolak belakang, apabila delik penodaan agama dinilai sangat berat dan besar pengaruh yang ditimbulkan.Kata Kunci: Penodaan agama, sanksi, fiqh jinâyah.
Hukuman Bagi Pelaku Tindak Pidana Penadahan Dengan Sistem Gadai
Authors: NurLailatul Musyafa’ah Arassy Wardani
Published: March 2018

Abstract: This study aims to investigate crime of fencing by the lien system contained in decision No. 293/Pid.B/2013/PN. Mkt. In his decision, judge used Article 480 Paragraph 1 (one) about the aggravating factors, the mitigating circumstances, witnesses at the trial, and the evidences in the trial as a consideration in deciding the case of fencing. In this case, judge decided that the defendant or criminal fencing system is sentenced to prison for 6 (six) months, from the demand of 10 (ten) months. According to the review of Islamic criminal law, the Judge’s ruling has been in accordance with Islamic law, because the defendant’s act is categorized as jarîmah and is sentenced with ta’zîr. That is because the criminal act is an offense where its punishment is not regulated in al-Qur’an and al-Hadith.Keywords: Crime of fencing, pawn system, Islamic criminal law Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti tindak pidana penadahan dengan sistem gadai yang terdapat dalam putusan No.293/Pid.B/2013/PN. Mkt. Dalam putusan tersebut, Majelis Hakim menggunakan Pasal 480 ayat 1, hal-hal yang memberatkan, hal-hal yang meringankan, saksi-saksi di persidangan, serta bukti-bukti dalam persidangan sebagai pertimbangan dalam memutus perkara tindak penadahan ini. Dalam kasus ini, Majelis Hakim memutus bahwa terdakwa atau pelaku tindak pidana penadahan dengan sistem gadai dijatuhi pidana penjara selama 6 (enam) bulan, dari tuntutan 10 (sepuluh) bulan. Menurut tinjauanf fiqh jinâyah putusan hakim telah sesuai dengan hukum Islam, karena perbuatan terdakwa termasuk dalam jarîmah yang hukumannya adalah ta’zîr. Hal tersebut dikarenakan tindak pidana tersebut merupakan sebuah pelanggaran yang hukumannya tidak diatur dalam Nash.Kata Kunci: Tindak pidana penadahan, sistem gadai, fiqh jinâyah