bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Green synthesis and characterization of CuO nanoparticles derived from Pimenta dioica and evaluating its activity against Tobacco streak virus
Authors: Shaji Hridya , KANNAN R , HARISH S , Anita B
Published: December 2024

The synthesis of nanoparticles using plants represents a green and sustainable method that uses natural and non-toxic resources for nanoparticle production. In this study, CuO nanoparticles were synthesized from allspice (Pimenta dioica ), which served as both the capping and reducing agent during synthesis. Synthesised nanoparticles were validated using UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, FT-IR analysis and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The monoclinic phase of the synthesised particles was revealed through the X-ray diffraction pattern indicating its crystalline nature. The UV -visible spectrum showed a strong absorbance of UV rays at a wavelength of 294 nm, confirming the presence of CuO nanoparticles. FT-IR analysis identified different functional groups from the phytochemicals in the plant extract used for the green synthesis, with peaks at 424.34 cm-1, 478.35 cm-1, 555.50 cm-1 and 648.08 cm-1 corresponding to Cu-O bond vibrations, thereby confirming the existence of CuO nanoparticles. TEM analysis revealed that the nanoparticles had spherical and hexagonal shapes, with sizes ranging from 10 to 20 nm. The antiviral potential of these nanoparticles was assessed against Tobacco streak virus, isolated from black gram plants, as spray applications at concentrations of 100, 200, 400 and 500 ppm. The preinoculation spray at 500 ppm of CuO nanoparticles, followed by challenge inoculation with the virus, yielded the most effective result, with a reduction of 59.58 % compared to the control. Therefore, the antiviral efficacy of synthesized CuO nanoparticles against plant viruses was established, supporting their potential as a novel strategy for plant management.
Effect of pre-treatments and storage on quality of green chilli powder
Authors: Pujari S D , J H Kadam , Shirke G D , Tule S S , Shinde PU
Published: December 2024

India is one of the largest producers of commercial vegetables and spices, including chilli (Capsicum annuum L.). To reduce postharvest losses and enhance value addition, green chilli preparation and preservation are important. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of different chemical pretreatments on green chilli powder quality as well as the effect of storage on its quality. The experiment was laid out in the Factorial Completely Randomized Design (FCRD) with eight different pre-treatments and three storage intervals. The significantly lowest L*, a* and b* colour values and the significantly maximum solubility, total ash, crude fiber, acidity, ascorbic acid, total phenol and capsaicin were observed during 180-day storage period in the pre-treatment of green chilli with 1% ascorbic acid by dipping for 10 minutes. During the 180- day storage period, the Total Plate Count was increased but remained within permissible limit. The maximum protein content was observed in pre-treatment with 0.3% sodium metabisulphite, while the lowest Total Plate Count was recorded in pre-treatment with 0.5% chitosan. Based on the study of various parameters, dipping green chilli in 1% ascorbic acid for 10 minutes followed by tray drying produced superior quality. The green chilli powder was stored for a duration of 180 days under ambient conditions.
Enhanced antagonistic potential of gamma-irradiated Trichoderma spp. against Phytophthora capsici : An in vitro study
Authors: John A , Thara S S , Varghese S G , Philip P S
Published: December 2024

Enhancing the biocontrol efficacy of microorganisms is a crucial element in advancing sustainable agricultural practices, particularly in the management of soilborne fungal phytopathogens. Among the various methods employed to augment the effectiveness of biocontrol agents, gamma radiation has emerged as a particularly promising approach due to its ability to induce genetic mutations that can enhance antagonistic properties. In the present study, an efficient gamma irradiation technique was employed to induce genetic modifications in three biocontrol agents: Trichoderma guizhouense , T. koningiopsis , and T. asperellum. The efficacy of these genetically altered strains was then evaluated against the pathogen Phytophthora capsici. Mutant isolates were generated through exposure to varying doses of gamma radiation and were initially screened based on their growth rates. These were subsequently subjected to a series of in vitro antagonistic tests. The results demonstrated that five selected mutants Ta 200-1, Ta 250-2, Tg 200-1, Tg 250-2, and Ta 150-3 exhibited significantly enhanced antagonistic potential compared to their parent strains. Importantly, these mutants retained their improved traits even after ten rounds of subculturing, with growth inhibition percentages ranging from 72.11% to 68.11%. The findings from the in vitro antagonistic studies suggest that gamma irradiation represents an effective strategy for enhancing the antagonistic capabilities of Trichoderma species, thereby contributing to the development of more robust biocontrol agents in plant health management.
Seasonal dynamics of arthropods in Lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) and nutritional link to rodent foraging
Authors: Premalatha K , Prithiva J N , Leelavathi S , Pushpam R
Published: December 2024

Lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) is a highly nutritive crop with more vitamins and minerals used as a fodder legume since it is available throughout the year. In the Coimbatore district farmers prefer lucerne as a fodder crop because of its quality, year-round production, and seed yield fetches a high price. The monitoring study on lucerne crop pests, natural enemies and pollinators was conducted at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore for three seasons from October 2021 to June 2024. The major sucking pests observed in Lucerne were aphids (Aphis craccivora Koch) and stink bugs (Nezara virudula, (L.)) and the natural enemy observed was coccinellid predators (Cheilomenes sexmaculata (Fabricius)). Natural enemies such as the Ladybird beetle (Coccinella repanda Thunberg) and Paper wasp (Polistes exclamans Vierick) were also documented as crucial in regulating these pest populations. The study also observed a diverse range of pollinators including the Alfalfa Leafcutter bee (Megachile rotundata (Fabricius)), various butterflies, and several species of bees that are vital for effective pollination and enhanced crop quality. The population of aphids and stink bugs ranged from 0.00 to 1.47 and from 0.00 to 1.35, respectively, from April to May. In contrast, from November to February, the aphid population varied from 0.07 to 0.45, while the stink bug population ranged from 0.02 to 0.38. The maximum population of coccinellids was recorded at 3.16 in October 2023. The correlation of pest and predator population with weather parameters showed maximum and minimum temperatures favoured the population development while it was negatively correlated with relative humidity and rainfall. Profiling of root nutrients showed lucerne roots contain a significant amount of essential nutrients that meet the dietary requirements of mice.
Kataloński kabalista Ezra z Gerony o Pieśni nad pieśniami
Authors: Moreno-Szypowska Jadwiga Clea
Published: December 2024

Kataloński kabalista Ezra z Gerony (ok. 1175–1245) umieszcza wewnątrz swojej egzegezy Pieśni nad pieśniami komentarz do Księgi Hioba, a ściślej do jej 28 rozdziału, znanego jako Hymn o mądrości, łącząc tym samym najbardziej mistyczne dzieło Pisma z najbardziej filozoficznym. Dzięki temu może przekazać swoim uczniom ‒ odbiorcom swoich prac ‒ kosmogoniczną wizję świata zawartą w drzewie sefirot, co pozwala mu pośrednio połączyć Pieśń nad pieśniami z aktem Stworzenia. Zgodnie z kabalistyczną interpretacją, niższy świat wyłonił się z drugiej sefiry, czyli Mądrości (Chochma) i w swej pierwszej formie tożsamy był z wyższym. Dopiero upadek człowieka spowodował, że niższy świat oddalił się od swojego pierwowzoru, a uniwersalnym celem stało się ponowne upodobnienie go do wyższego pod każdym względem: kosmicznym, narodowym i indywidualnym. W interpretacji Ezry z Gerony, Oblubienica z Pieśni nad pieśniami to jednocześnie Wszechświat, Społeczność Izraela i dusza wierzącego, a wszystkie one podążają do miłosnego zjednoczenia z Oblubieńcem, co jest możliwe, gdyż każda forma istnienia jest powołana do doskonałości. Żydzi są bowiem przekonani, że jeśli człowiek przyczynił się do „zepsucia” stworzenia, to również może on poprzez swoje czyny przywrócić światu doskonałość. Zgodnie z tym przeświadczeniem Pieśń nad pieśniami oprócz przekazu kosmogonicznego zawiera także nakaz dydaktyczno-moralny, który Ezra z Gerony przedstawia swoim adeptom.
Kwestionariusz postaw wobec zabiegów na zwierzętach jako metoda badania lęku kastracyjnego
Authors: Karpiński Jakub Antoni
Published: December 2024

Celem niniejszej pracy jest konstrukcja i sprawdzenie wartości Kwestionariusza Postaw wobec Zabiegów na Zwierzętach jako narzędzia projekcyjnego do pomiaru lęku kastracyjnego u mężczyzn. Za pomocą analizy czynnikowej wyszczególniono skale kwestionariusza potencjalnie badające lęk kastracyjny, a następnie zbadano związki ich wyników z konstruktami uznawanymi przez teoretyków za powiązane z lękiem kastracyjnym: seksizmem oraz jakością postaw rodzicielskich matki i ojca. W badaniu wzięło udział 61 mężczyzn w wieku od 18 do 72 lat. Skala obawa o zdrowie wykazała związki sugerujące badanie przez nią nią lęku kastracyjnego. Skala męstwa nie wykazała istotnych statystycznie związków z badanymi zmiennymi. Skala współczucie, niezwiązana tematycznie z lękiem kastracyjnym nie wykazała związków, które sugerowałyby badania przez nią lęku kastracyjnego. Wyniki stanowią argument za trafnością teoretyczną narzędzia i trop do przyszłych badań jego trafności.
The Impact of Manufacturing Transfer from China to India on China’s GDP and Employment
Authors: Zhang Xiaoxu , Zhu Kunfu , Wang Shouyang
Published: December 2024

With the rising labor costs and increasing resource and environmental constraints in China, coupled with geopolitical conflicts, related industries or production processes are shifting to emerging economies such as Southeast Asia, South Asia, and Mexico. Among these, India’s development potential has garnered significant attention, and the “China-to-India Industrial Transfer Model” in the global industrial chain poses a greater impact and threat to China. This paper constructs a quantitative model to measure the impact of industrial transfer on the home country. It designs three scenarios—ultra-long-term, medium-to-long-term, and short-to-medium-term—and uses counterfactual analysis to assess the impact of India’s absorption of China’s industrial transfer on China’s GDP and employment under different scenarios. The research results indicate that the transfer of industries from China to India will generate significant socio-economic shocks. In the ultra-long-term, this industrial transfer could lead to a 15.6% reduction in China’s GDP, a 16.8% decrease in the overall income of the workforce, and a reduction in the number of employed people by 110 million. The impacts are also substantial in the medium- to-long-term and short-to-medium-term scenarios. By sectors, the relocation of low and medium-low R&D intensity manufacturing sectors has a significant impact on the Chinese economy in both the short-to-medium and medium-to-long term perspectives. The relocation of high R&D intensity manufacturing sectors, represented by the computer industry, also causes considerable negative effects on the Chinese economy in the ultra-long-term perspective. This quantitative analysis helps anticipate the economic impact of future changes in industrial layout on China’s economy and facilitates the development of preemptive strategies. Based on the medium-to-long-term international economic outlook and the characteristics of domestic regional and industrial economic development, we propose three policy implications.
“Calming my heartbeat to enjoy the show”: the social-indexical meanings of in-yer-face theater recontextualized in China
Authors: Liang Xiaoyan , Catedral Lydia
Published: December 2024

This article investigates the performability of in-yer-face theater that is recontextualized from the British to the Chinese context. We propose an interdisciplinary approach that uses sociolinguistic tools to empirically examine relevant issues for theater translation studies. By analyzing audience reactions from both online and offline platforms, we find that different audiences in China link this form of theater to context-specific indexical meanings. Our study reveals that Chinese audiences associate in-yer-face theater with the social persona of the wenyi qingnian – a stereotype of a pretentious youth with niche interests in the arts – and with socially transgressive ‘tastes’ referred to as zhong kouwei “heavy taste” and da chidu “overboard”. Because of the mixed attitudes among various stakeholders, the findings underscore the controversial nature of in-yer-face theater in China, as it is neither fully accepted nor fully rejected. By focusing on audience perception and interpretation, our study enriches the broader understanding of theater translation. We hope this study could provide a foundation for navigating the complex field of indexicality and performability for in-yer-face theater in China.
Potential development of thermally stable polycrystalline photovoltaic modules utilizing biocomposite materials
Authors: Alaaeddin Mohammed Hassouna , Sapuan Salit Mohd , Mohamed Yusoff Mohd Zuhri , Zainudin Edi Syams , AL-Oqla Faris M. , Khan Abir
Published: December 2024

Solar energy has become a vital source for generating and harvesting electricity. Enhancing the efficiency of solar modules is an essential factor for successful transition to a sustainable and green energy production. Since natural fiber composites (NFCs) possess various outstanding properties, they can be used as an adequate alternative to synthetic fibers and environmentally harmful materials that are used in photovoltaic (PV) applications and module components. Solar modules are believed to undergo a decline in efficiency when exposed to excessive sun radiation, which eventually caused by a gradual escalation in temperature. Therefore, utilizing appropriate NFCs in the rear components and backsheets of solar modules could significantly contribute to the overall efficiency of these modules and enhance their thermal stability.
LIETUVOS JAUNIMO PERĖJIMAS IŠ ŠVIETIMO SISTEMOS Į DARBO RINKĄ: IŠŠŪKIAI IR TENDENCIJOS
Authors: Okunevičiūtė Neverauskienė Laima , Pocius Arūnas , Brazienė Rūta
Published: December 2024

he article examines the process of youth transition from the education system to the labor market in Lithuania. It discusses the context of social policy and the regulation of legal and strategic documents. The main focus is on the European Union’s Youth Guarantee program, aimed at reducing youth unemployment, particularly among NEET (youth not in employment, education, or training). The article addresses the theoretical assumptions of the transition process and analyzes various theoretical perspectives, such as status change and human capital theory, which are used to assess youth integration into the labor market. In the Lithuanian context, the transition from the education system to the labor market is not a linear process. Youth transition is often accompanied by periods of unemployment and inactivity. The article distinguishes three youth segments: labor market-active youth, inactive individuals (studying but not working), and NEET youth. Special attention is given to the NEET indicator, which has increased over the long term in Lithuania, although it has fluctuated in different periods. The study also highlights the connections between youth employment and unemployment indicators with the NEET group, as well as correlational relationships showing that fluctuations in youth unemployment rates are closely related to changes in the NEET indicator. Additionally, the impact of educational attainment on youth employment is analyzed, noting that higher education does not always ensure successful employment. The article provides conclusions and recommendations on how to improve youth opportunities for successful integration into the labor market.
Propriedade dielétrica em sementes de soja beneficiadas em espiral rotativo com diferentes velocidades
Authors: Neitzke Munsberg Renan , Strelov dos Santos Thalia , Buck Graciela , Da Silva Thiago Antonio , Gadotti Gizele Ingrid
Published: December 2024

A produção de sementes de soja de alta qualidade é limitada por danos mecânicos, umidade inadequada e contaminação por microrganismos e insetos. Propriedades físicas como massa específica, teor de água e composição química são importantes para determinar a qualidade das sementes e podem ser medidas de forma indireta e não destrutiva através da permissividade dielétrica. Este estudo verifica a relação entre a capacitância de sementes de soja beneficiadas em um separador espiral rotativo com diferentes velocidades com a qualidade fisiológica das sementes. Os resultados mostraram diferenças significativas com o aumento da velocidade do equipamento. Aumentando a velocidade, a capacitância e a germinação diminuíram, indicando que menos sementes de alta qualidade eram descartadas. Concluiu-se que sementes de alta qualidade fisiológica têm maiores valores de capacitância.
Monitoramento da produção de CO2 intergranular e desempenho industrial no armazenamento de grãos de arroz
Authors: Wachholz Reichow Samuel , Schmechel Sell Rafael , Martin Arejano Luan , Rutz Thais , De Sousa Araújo Ádamo , Scherer Pohndorf Ricardo
Published: December 2024

Quando os grãos são armazenados com um maior teor de água ocorre um aumento da concentração de dióxido de carbono (CO2) intergranular e da temperatura da massa de grãos, promovendo perda da matéria seca e uma diminuição do tempo de armazenamento seguro. O objetivo neste estudo foi monitorar a produção de CO2 intergranular, visando verificar a perda de qualidade de grãos de arroz em casca armazenados à 12, 14 e 16% de umidade. Observou-se que no início do armazenamento, até 60 dias, os grãos apresentaram uma elevada taxa de produção de CO2, a qual diminuiu até 120 dias de armazenamento.  As maiores taxas de produção de CO2 foram observadas na umidade de 16%.  Além disso, o armazenamento dos grãos por 120 dias na umidade de 16% causou uma drástica diminuição no rendimento de grãos inteiros.
PeerPub: A Device for Concurrent Operant Oral Self-Administration by Multiple Rats
Authors: Lemen Paige M. , Ni Jie , Huang Jun , Chen Hao
Published: December 2024

The social environment has long been recognized to play an important role in substance use, which is often modeled in rodents using operant conditioning. However, most operant chambers only accommodate one rodent at a time. We present PeerPub—a unique social operant chamber. PeerPub employs touch sensors to track the licking behavior on drinking spouts. When the number of licks meets a set reinforcement schedule, it dispenses a drop of solution with a fixed volume as a reward at the tip of the spout. A radio frequency identification (RFID) chip implanted in each rat’s skull identifies it throughout the experiment. The system is managed by a Raspberry Pi computer. We evaluated PeerPub using Sprague Dawley rats in daily 1 h sessions, where supersac (a glucose and saccharin solution) was provided under a fixed-ratio five schedule. We discovered that male rats consumed more supersac in dual rat conditions compared with single rat conditions. These findings illustrate PeerPub’s effectiveness in modeling the interaction between motivated behavior and social context. We expect devices like PeerPub will help highlight the role of social environments in substance use disorder phenotypes. All computer code, 3D design, and build instructions for PeerPub can be found athttp://github.com/nijie321/PeerPub.
SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE AND CLIMATE SOLUTIONS FOR THE FUTURE OF FOOD SECURITY
Authors: Görgülü Ahmet
Published: December 2024

Due to reasons such as the increasing world population, climate change, changes in eating habits, unbalanced nutrition, and food waste, some precautions need to be taken for the world's food future. The world population, which was 8 billion in 2023, is expected to reach 9.7 billion in 2050. If important measures are not taken, food inadequacies, negative environmental impacts, and sustainable human life will be seriously affected in response to this population increase. Full compliance with the European Green Deal targets is required for a sustainable world life. The European Green Deal includes plans to keep the global temperature increase around 1.5 ºC, to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 55% in 2030 compared to 1990, and to become a climate-neutral continent by 2050. It is known that these targets cannot be achieved if current nutrition habits, food waste, land use, water use, and carbon emission habits continue. If habits are not changed, an additional area twice the size of India will be required to feed the growing population by 2050. Considering that food practices constitute 26% of the world's greenhouse gas emissions, significant changes need to be made, and measures need to be taken in the fields of agriculture, animal husbandry, aquaculture, and food. Foremost among these is the significant reduction of food-related emissions through changes in methods, inputs, and technology. In addition, it becomes necessary to make important changes such as returning 1/3 of the food currently wasted in the world to human consumption, a significant change in eating habits, an orientation towards plant-based inputs, and a balanced diet.
Bibliometric Computation Mapping Publication Analysis in Sports Psychology using VOSviewer
Authors: Mona Fiametta Febrianty  , Komarudin  , Yusuf Hidayat  , Dede Rohmat Nurjaya
Published: December 2024

In the field of sports coaching, research urgently needed that is closely related to achievement. Specifically, in the field of sports psychology, there is still a great need for research that specifically examines ideas that can be used as input for those who need them. The purpose of this study is to examine developments regarding sports psychology research, especially aspects of psychology that are currently developing rapidly through a bibliometric approach using a computerized mapping analysis application using VOSviewer. Apart from that, this research hopes to identify existing research trends in the field of sports psychology. Various article data obtained were sourced from Google Scholar using the Publish or Perish Reference Manager application. The keywords used to guide the search process in this research are “Psychological Aspects on Athletes”. During the search, the author found 988 articles relevant to the keyword. The articles obtained came from a span of 10 years, namely 2012-2022, and came from various journals and publishers. If explained one by one the published articles related to the psychological aspects of athletes from year to year will be obtained as follows: 55 articles in 2012, 62 articles in 2013, 69 articles in 2014, 73 articles in 2015, 73 articles in 2016, 74 articles in 2017, 89 articles in 2018, 119 articles in 2019, 140 articles in 2020, 132 articles in 2021 and 102 articles in 2022. Judging from the data, it can be seen that there has been an increase and decrease from year to year and we checked all of this using VOSviewer. The results of this study will help future researchers regarding sports psychology, especially aspects of psychology in sports, in finding sources, studies, and theories that are relevant to their research. However, this research still has limitations in using the application, so it is recommended to use other applications that make it possible to obtain further results.
The Relationship between Mental Toughness and Competitive Anxiety of Diving Athletes in the Training Phase
Authors: Sofyan Wildhan Rahmadian , Dede Rohmat Nurjaya  , Mulyana
Published: December 2024

There are main factors that can reduce the level of competitive anxiety in athletes, namely mental toughness, this is proven in research on other sports but has not been done in the sport of diving. This study aims to examine the significant relationship between mental toughness and competitive anxiety of diving athletes in the training phase. The method used is descriptive correlation using the Sport Mental Toughness Questionnaire (SMTQ) instrument and the Sport Competitive Anxiety Test (SCAT) questionnaire. The research sample amounted to 24 diving athletes at the West Java level, Data collection through google form in the form of questionnaires and data analysis techniques with SPSS version 26. The results of data analysis show that there is a significant negative relationship with a pearson correlation value of -0.415 with a Sig value. (2-tailed) 0.044 Based on the test results, the value of Sig. (2-tailed) <0.05 so that H0 is rejected. This study concludes that there is a significant relationship between mental toughness and competitive anxiety in the training phase
Survival Analysis of Tuberculosis Patients Based on Diabetes Mellitus Status in West Sumatra
Authors: Basra Mega Utami , Djafri Defriman , Fadila Zurayya
Published: December 2024

Tuberculosis (TB) is still one of the main problems in tropical countries, especially in Indonesia. The existence of conditions that cause decreased immune systems, such as Diabetes Mellitus (DM), can lead to an increased risk of death in people with Tuberculosis. This study aimed to analyze the survival of Tuberculosis patients with a history of DM in West Sumatra Province. This research was conducted from April to October 2022. It is a retrospective cohort study with all TB patients recorded in the TB03 SO data register in West Sumatra Province in 2021 (N=8,299). The samples were all candidates who met the research criteria in the data (n=1,125 TB patients). Data analysis was performed using survival analysis. The results showed that 177 TB patients (15.73%) had a history of DM, and 948 (84.27%) did not. The cumulative probability of survival for TB patients based on non-DM cases on day 150 is 0.95. In contrast, the cumulative probability of survival for patients with a history of DM is lower, namely 0.90. The group of TB patients who suffered from DM, male and more than 45 years old, experienced a more significant decrease in survival.
Pesticide Exposure, Neurobehavioral Symptoms, and Neurobehavioral Performance in Pesticide Applicator in West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Liem Jen Fuk , Frendy Holie , Handoko Yusuf , Hudyono Johannes , Sutanti Yosephin Sri
Published: December 2024

It was known that pesticide applicators are at risk of experiencing neurotoxicity and neurobehavioral alterations related to occupational pesticide exposure. This study aims to evaluate the association between pesticide exposure and the neurobehavioral performance of pesticide applicators in West Java, Indonesia where chemical pesticides were heavily used. We conducted a cross-sectional study in a vegetable farming center in West Java Province, Indonesia. A total of 88 pesticide applicators were included in the study on November 2022. A structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to obtain the participants’ characteristics. We performed the German Q18 questionnaire to screen the neurobehavioral symptoms and the WHO Neurobehavioral Core Test Battery (NCTB) for each participant to identify the neurobehavioral performance among pesticide applicators. Data were summarized descriptively and statistical analysis using chi-square and independent sample t-test was performed. We found that the most common neurobehavioral symptoms were symptoms related to memory, concentration, and fatigue. Poor neurobehavioral performance was found in 29.5% of participants and it was found to be associated with those grouped at age ≥ 44 years and categorized as having a high CEL. The pieces of evidence presented here suggest that neurobehavioral performance was associated with pesticide exposure.
Development of Nutrition Instruments for Women to Prevent Early Stunting: A Systemic Literature Review
Authors: Setyawati Vilda Ana Veria , Yuniastuti Ari , Handayani Oktia Woro Kasmini , Farida Eko
Published: December 2024

This study aims to provide an overview of the types of instruments developed and tested for validity based on a questionnaire and the content/variable domains in the instrument.PRISMA was used as a guideline in the systemic literature review of this study. Pubmed is search databases with the keywords "validity" AND "nutrition" AND "instrument" AND "woman." The articles obtained at the outset went through a process of searching, screening, eligibility criteria, data extraction, and data synthesis. So that in the end, there were six that studied the types of instruments produced by each study, the method of instrument development, domain, validity, and reliability.Instruments resulting from the studied studies include the Chinese version of the Intention to Eat Low-GI foods questionnaire (CIELQ), Improving Mothers for Better Prenatal Care trial Barcelona (IMPACT BCN), project-level Women's Empowerment in Agriculture Index (pro- WEAI+HN), Nutrition literacy assessment instrument for pregnant women in China (NLAI-P). There are two that are not given a name. Population and sample, women aged 16-50 with late adolescent characteristics, pregnant women, and adult women. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and Cronbach's alpha were used to test the validity and reliability. Nutritional instruments to prevent stunting in women have yet to be developed but to develop these instruments, one can adopt development paths, methods, content domains, validity, and reliability from the results of the literature review in this article.
Evaluating Ensemble Learning Techniques for Class Imbalance in Machine Learning: A Comparative Analysis of Balanced Random Forest, SMOTE-RF, SMOTEBoost, and RUSBoost
Authors: Fulazzaky Tahira , Saefuddin Asep , Soleh Agus Mohamad
Published: December 2024

Purpose: This research aims to identify the optimal ensemble learning method for mitigating class imbalance in datasets utilizing various advanced techniques which include balanced random forest (BRF), SMOTE-random forest (SMOTE-RF), RUSBoost, and SMOTEBoost. The methods were systematically evaluated against conventional algorithms, including random forest and AdaBoost, across heterogeneous datasets with varying class imbalance ratios.
Methods: This study utilized 13 secondary datasets from diverse sources, each with binary class outputs. The datasets exhibited varying degrees of class imbalance, offering scenarios to assess the effectiveness of ensemble learning techniques and traditional machine learning approaches in managing class imbalance issues. Study data were split into training (80%) and testing (20%), with stratified sampling applied to maintain consistent class proportions across both sets. Each method underwent hyperparameter optimization with distinct settings with repetition over 10 iterations. The optimal method was evaluated based on balanced accuracy, recall, and computation time.
Result: Based on the evaluation, the BRF method exhibited the highest performance in balanced accuracy and recall when compared to SMOTE-RF, RUSBoost, SMOTEBoost, random forest, and AdaBoost. Conversely, the classical random forest method outperformed other techniques in terms of computational efficiency.
Novelty: This study presents an innovative analysis of advanced ensemble learning techniques, including BRF, SMOTE-random forest, SMOTEBoost, and RUSBoost, which demonstrate significant effectiveness in addressing class imbalance across various datasets. By systematically optimizing hyperparameters and applying stratified sampling, this research produces findings that redefine the benchmarks of balanced accuracy, recall and computational efficiency in machine learning.
Editorial
Authors: Chou Ralph
Published: December 2024

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Reading Ability Development in Children: Key Factors and the Role of the Teachers’ Reading Instruction Competence
Authors: Zhou Longjun
Published: December 2024

In modern society, reading ability is deemed the bedrock of student learning and lifelong education. Reading is crucial for information acquisition, intellectual development, and social development of the individual. Research shows that reading ability is not innate but rather the result of an ongoing educational process, in which early reading education plays a critical role (Shu & Li, 2014). Hulme and Snowling (2011) emphasized that a primary objective of early education is to teach the child how to read accurately and fluently with optimal comprehension of reading materials as reading is the paramount instrument for knowledge development in formal schooling. The reading skills developed in childhood and the low grades in the primary school have long-term effects on future learning outcomes (Mwoma, 2017). Hence, both parents and schools place a high value on child reading education.
Development of a Two-Tier Diagnostic Test to Assess Misconceptions about Biology Concepts at Primary School
Authors: Taşçi Güntay
Published: December 2024

Developing tools to identify students’ misconceptions about basic biology concepts is necessary. Therefore, a two-tier diagnostic test was developed to determine such misconceptions in primary school (3rd-4th Grade) students. The test content includes two-tiered multiple-choice questions addressing common misconceptions found in the literature on biology subjects in science education at the primary school level. The test’s validation and reliability pieces of evidence are described through quantitative and qualitative data analysis of data obtained via the survey method. Data was collected from two samples in two stages, including 74 and 363 primary school students, respectively. The first stage has collected qualitative data by two-tier true-false items based on these common misconceptions. This data was analyzed per qualitative content analysis. Based on these findings, two-tier multiple-choice items were developed, and a two-tier diagnostic test was formed. In the second stage, data obtained was used to quantitative analyze the construct validity, internal consistency, and item parameters of the test. The study’s results provided evidence of the validity and reliability of the primary school biology misconceptions diagnostic test (PBMDT), which consists of eight two-tier multiple-choice items.
Descriptive Content Analysis of Scale Development Studies in Preschool Education between 2018-2023 Years in Turkey
Authors: İnce Sezer Şeyda , Yaşar Mehmet Diyaddin
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this research is to identify the situation through content analysis of scale development studies conducted by Turkish researchers in the field of preschool education. Thus, the overall trend of scale development research in preschool education was established. This research is a document analysis study. The documents studied are national and international articles published by Turkish preschool teachers. These articles were content-analyzed. Scale studies conducted between 2018 and 2023, which encompass preschool education, educators, parents, and preschool resources, were searched. In total, 63 article studies were included in this content analysis. For data collection, a data collection form was prepared for content analysis, inspired by the ‘Publication Classification Form’ which was used to conduct a detailed scanning process. According to findings of the research, the scale of development studies (63 %) conducted in pre-school education, largely in 2018, with two authors, was larger than that of adaptation studies. The majority of studies (49%) were published in the Turkish database TR ULAKBİM, with a focus on the social-emotional domain (16%) and science-education (67%). It was found that the descriptive method was preferred as the research method, that children were the majority of the sample (38%), that the sample size was chosen between 201 and 500, and that factor analysis and descriptive analysis were employed as analysis methods.
Preservice Science Teacher Attitudes towards the Reconceptualized Family Resemblance Approach to the Nature of Science
Authors: Türkmen Hakan , Yegen Beyza
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to determine preservice science teachers’ (PST) attitudes towards the Reconceptualized Family Resemblance Approach to the Nature of Science and to examine PST attitudes towards this approach according to grade levels. The study group consists of 75 people studying in the 3rd and 4th year of undergraduate education. The sample of the study was determined through ‘purposive sampling’. The screening model, one of the quantitative research methods, was used in the research. The questionnaire consists of 70 items and 6 categories. The Cronbach’s Alpha value of the scale, for which the reliability study was conducted, was determined as 0.73. To examine the distribution of the data, the Shapiro-Wilk test was performed as a normality test and the kurtosis and skewness values of the data were read. Independent sample t-test was applied on normally distributed 3rd and 4th grade PST data. According to the findings, it was determined that the PST was above the average and had a positive attitude. Although there is a difference between PST perspectives at two different grade levels for two questions of the scale, there is no significant change among PST for the entire performance.
Data-Driven Instructional Decision-Making Models: A Literature Review
Authors: Zhao Shengnan , Hu Yegong
Published: December 2024

In recent years, the application of big data technology in education has attracted wide attention in academia. How to leverage big data to reach scientific instructional decision-making has become a topical issue. Based on a literature review of relevant studies, this article gives an overview of the evolution of data-driven instructional decision-making models in order to provide educators with a broad perspective on this subject. It also makes a comparative analysis of certain representative models, aiming to provide teachers with valuable insights for facilitating their application of big data technology to teaching decision-making.
O futuro compartilhado entre Ciência Aberta e Inteligência Artificial
Authors: Da Silveira Lúcia , Couto-Corrêa-da Silva Fabiano
Published: December 2024

This editorial provides an initial reflection on the relationship between Open Science and Artificial Intelligence (AI), highlighting their interdependencies, barriers, and investment disparities. It advocates global initiatives adapted to local realities to consolidate inclusive advances that respect diversity and sustainability in scientific and technological production.
Met Care Needs for Living and Life Satisfaction among Disabled Older People in the Community: Secondary Data Analysis Using the Disability Life Dynamic Panel Survey
Authors: HAN Song Yi , KO Young
Published: December 2024

Background: This study aimed to identify factors influencing life satisfaction with a focus on met or unmet care needs for living in older adults with disabilities. Methods: This study analyzed the data of 2,220 disabled older people, using the fourth wave of the Disability Life Dynamic Panel Survey from the Korea Disables people’s Development Institute. We used descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and multiple regression for our analyses. Results: Social factors, employment status, and levels of depression influenced the life satisfaction of disabled older adults. Various social factors, including meeting social/leisure activity care need, having a higher number of close people, more frequent meetings with them, and engaging in social activities, significantly influenced better life satisfaction. This regression model explained 26% of the variance in life satisfaction.Conclusions: This study highlights the influence of social factors, particularly the addressed social participation care needs, on the life satisfaction of older people with disabilities. Therefore, enhancing social networks and community-based programs is essential to help individuals sustain their social connections. Additionally, providing care to those who face challenges in participating will enable their ongoing engagement in social activities.
Universal test of possibility of action based on motor potential (UTPA-MP) – health and survival applications
Authors: Kalina Artur , Kalina Maciej , Kruszewski Artur , Kruszewski Michał
Published: December 2024

Background and Study Aim. The cognitive aim of the paper is the methodological argumentation, showing the UTPA-MP as a basic tool for providing evidence that the physical education paradigm is in many ways counterproductive in the sense of the social responsibility of science to permanently strengthen all dimensions of personal health and safety. Application objective – a perspective on the application of UTPA-MP from the micro-scale to the global dimension of public.
Material and Methods. UTPA-MP, as a compilation of empirically verified non- and quasi-experimental tests in numerous experimental applications, provides knowledge about human motor potential according to uniform evaluation criteria, irrespective of gender. The age limits are conventional – the boundaries of the continuum are only indicatively linked to the start of primary school.
Results. The results of the UTPA-MP provide knowledge of deep sensibility, flexibility, ability to tolerate imbalances, muscle strength of the upper and lower limbs and abdominal muscles, as well as the body's physical capacity (anaerobic and aerobic). Since it lasts about 15-20 minutes it is a sufficient stimulus preparing the body for the continuation of physical effort. The test is a system of specific training sessions and has references to the strengthening of health and survival skills.
Conclusions. Since in the praxeological sense ‘dispositional feasibility’ – is the strength, intellectual or manipulative ability and knowledge (skill) and willingness sufficient to perform a given action, the interpretation of the results of measuring motor (energy) potential based on UTPA-MP indices goes beyond the paradigm narrowed to the field of physical education and sport.
Improving the physical components of gymnastics athletes following long-term circuit training with static and dynamic core stabilization
Authors: Wijaya Fransisca Januarumi Marhaendra , Kartiko Dwi Cahyo , Pranoto Adi , Kusuma I Dewa Made Aryananda Wijaya , Phanpheng Yanyong
Published: December 2024

Background and Study Aim. Core stability is a fundamental aspect of gymnastics performance, essential for balance, flexibility, and overall strength. This study aims to investigate the effects of long-term circuit training with static and dynamic core stabilization on physical components in gymnasts.
Material and Methods. This study used a randomized controlled trial (RCT) design. A total of 42 participants were randomly assigned to three groups: a control group (CTR, n=14), a static core stabilization group (CSS, n=14), and a dynamic core stabilization group (CSD, n=14). The intervention programs for static and dynamic core stabilization included six distinct exercises. These exercises were performed three times per week over an 8-week period. Data were collected at two time points: pretest and posttest. Physical components assessed included flexibility, balance, and the strength of the abdominal, back, leg, and arm muscles. Data analysis was conducted using a paired sample t-test with the significance level set at 5%.
Results. The results showed significant improvements in flexibility (cm), balance (s), back muscle strength (kg), abdominal muscle strength (repetitions), and arm muscle strength (repetitions) in the core stabilization groups between the pretest and posttest (p ≤ 0.05). However, no significant changes were observed in leg muscle strength (kg) (p ≥ 0.05). When comparing groups, significant differences were noted in balance (s), back muscle strength (kg), abdominal muscle strength (repetitions), and arm muscle strength (repetitions) (p ≤ 0.05). Flexibility (cm) and leg muscle strength (kg) did not show significant differences between groups (p ≥ 0.05).
Conclusions. The study highlights the importance of incorporating core stabilization exercises into circuit training programs for gymnasts. Both static and dynamic approaches to core stabilization provide valuable strategies for optimizing physical conditioning and enhancing athletic performance. These findings can inform the development of evidence-based training protocols aimed at improving key physical attributes critical for gymnastics.
SANUSI PANE DALAM UPAYA MENUMBUHKAN KECINTAAN TERHADAP BUDAYA DAN BAHASA INDONESIA: IMPLEMENTASI MELALUI MKWU BAHASA INDONESIA DI PERGURUAN TINGGI
Authors: Hudaa Syihaabul , Rahman Ahmad Syaeful
Published: December 2024

The history of the emergence of culture and language in Indonesia has been a long process. In fact, some of them involve several important shops in it, one of which is Sanusi Pane. Sanusi pane became one of the figures who contributed in the form of literary works in which there was a mandate to foster a love for Indonesian culture and language. However, in this modern era, Sanusi Pane is not well known by the millennial generation. The purpose of writing this article is to analyze the work of Sanusi Pane, in which there is an effort to foster a love for Indonesian culture and language. Then, the researchers attempted to implement these values ​​through the Indonesian Language MKWU in universities. The method used in this research is qualitative using a content analysis approach. The text is studied using an objective literary study. By conducting an objective study, the researcher focuses on the text that is the material of the study. Then, the findings are analyzed based on aspects that contain love for culture and language. Furthermore, the findings are presented in the Indonesian language MKWU during the material history and language development.
ANALISIS TINDAK TUTUR ILOKUSI PADA FILM "KELUARGA CEMARA" (2019) KARYA YANDY LAURENS DAN KEDUDUKANNYA DALAM KURIKULUM 2013
Authors: Bella Bella Fauzi Auliska , Dheni Harmaen  , Marlia
Published: December 2024

This study purpose to description results of illocutionary speech acts from film “Keluarga Cemara” (2019) Yandy Laurens and position in curriculum 2013. This research was conducted on the basis of a lack of understanding when listening to information, so that misunderstandings often occur. This is accompanied by the opinion of Tarigan (2021, p. 109) who says that the influencing factor of listening is the experience factor. Background experience is an important factor in listening activities. A lot of vocabulary understanding when listening also affects listening skills. Therefore, research on illocutionary speech acts was carried out in the film “Keluarga Cemara”. This study illocutionary speech acts refer by theory Searle (1969). This research is research qualitative. Method this research use method observe and method note. Data source this research use primer data source, the data is film “Keluarga Cemara” (2019) by Yandy Laurens. The results of this study are: first, the resuts of analysis illocutionary speech acts film “Keluarga Cemara” (2019) by Yandy laurens to found out 95 data of illocutionary speech acts. The data to found out by researcher is 40 data of illocutionary assertive, 32 data of illocutionary directive, 17 data of illocutionary expressiveness and 6 data of illocutionary commissiveness. Second, the results analysis illocutionary speech acts film “Keluarga Cemara” (2019) can used as teaching materials or media learning for Indonesian language subject at the junior high school. The subject matter is review text and can found in KD 4.11. KD (Basic Kompetencies) is found at Junior High School and the level subject matter in class VIII.