bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Whither Goest Thou, International Relations?
Authors: Maitra Sumantra
Published: March 2022

Unless there is stricter gatekeeping and hierarchy in IR, the discipline runs the risk of ending up like philosophy and history, or worse, like some social science disciplines such as sociology and anthropology, which the infiltration and proliferation of ideological research has rendered largely irrelevant. This raises some broader questions. What is the need for IR research which is either overtly activist or theoretical and academic, with little historical validity, testable and measurable processes, or policy relevance?
Citizen complaints as an accountability mechanism: Uncovering patterns using topic modeling
Authors: Olivos Francisco , Saavedra Patricio , Dammert Lucia
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVES. Citizen complaints are considered by policing researchers as an indicator of police misconduct, and a proxy of police-community relations. Nevertheless, US and EU-based studies tend to focus on sustained complaints as reported by official agencies and officer-based correlates. Using the case of Carabineros, the Chilean militarized police force, this study examines (a) latent topics contained in a large set of complaints against the police on a digital platform, and (b) the change of those topics across time and (c) by complainants’ educational level.METHODS. We use novel computational natural language processing techniques to identify latent themes across the corpus of complaints (N=1,623), hosted on an online forum from 2013 to 2020. RESULTS. Our findings show eight latent themes across the corpus. Among others, these themes were related to police effectiveness, police misbehavior, and a master frame of institutional crisis that has significantly grown over the last year. Additionally, differences in the prevalence of topics by complainants’ educational level were also found.CONCLUSIONS. Thus, the findings contribute to the enterprise of opening the black box of complaints against the police and highlighting opportunities for social accountability in a developing country.
Public Health Ethics on Childhood Vaccination
Authors: opara Nnennaya , Opara Emmanuel
Published: March 2022

Vaccination is unquestionably recognized as a major public health achievement of the current century, however, there is no consensus among the general population about its efficacy. In most Western countries, like the U.S., vaccines have become “a toss-up debate” as successes experienced in the past with vaccines eradicating several diseases such as smallpox, polio, and so on have been forgotten. The WHO recently included vaccine hesitancy in the top ten of global public health threats both in advanced and developing countries. Many now question the safety and necessity for vaccinations, and therefore, reject immunization of their children.In the U.S., some immunization policies have changed by shifting them from a voluntary to a mandatory system, or by making it difficult (mandatory program) for parents to be exempt from participation. School children without a complete vaccination record can no longer be enrolled in public schools, and some private organizations have made vaccination a requirement to remain employed by their companies.In this commentary, we suggest ways in which we can close the gaps between applying a framework for ethical analysis of childhood vaccination based on the four biomedical ethics (autonomy, nonmaleficence, beneficence, and justice) and individual beliefs (cultural, religious).
PENGUASAAN KEILMUAN DAN KOMPETENSI PROFESIONAL GURU
Authors: Rahman Muhammad Aulia
Published: March 2022

Penguasaan ilmu pengetahuan sangat diharapkan buat menghadapi perkembangan IPTEK. Ilmu pengetahuan bisa diperoleh melalui jalur pendidikan, baik formal, informal, juga nonformal. Pendidikan formal diperoleh pada bangku sekolah menurut SD, Sekolah Menengah pertama, SMA, & perguruan tinggi. Penelitian ini memakai pendekatan & jenis penelitian kualitatif. Berdasarkan sumbernya, jenis data pada penelitian ini yaitu data kualitatif. Data kualitatif diperoleh pribadi menurut pengajar pkn kelas satu. Data yg sudah diperoleh menurut output penelitian diolah menggunakan memakai analisis naratif kualitatif.Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa: 1) Penguasaan bahan ajar pengajar PKn pada kompetensi profesional dalam ranah kognitif pada Sekolah Menengah pertama Negeri 1 Tonra, masih randah hal tadi pada buktikan menggunakan adanya beberapa indikator pada ranah kognitif yg belum dikuasai. 2) Kendala yg dihadapi pengajar pada menyusun & membuatkan konsep bahan ajar PKn antara lain merupakan kerumitan penyesuaian alokasi ketika menggunakan banyaknya konsep bahan ajar yg perlu dipahami siswa, kerumitan penyusunan bahan ajar yg sinkron menggunakan struktur keilmuan, penyesuaian bahan ajar terhadap karakter siswa yg berbeda- beda, dan kurang maksimalnya pengajar pada mengeksplor asal bahan ajar melalui akses internet. 3) Upaya pengajar Sekolah Menengah pertama Negeri 1 Tonra menaikkan kompetensi profesional pada menyusun & membuatkan konsep bahan ajar PKn yaitu aktif mengikuti seminar & workshop yg relevan menggunakan disiplin ilmu, lalu aktif mengikuti Musyawarah Pengajar Mata Pelajaran (MGMP), dan senantiasa semangat buat aktif membuatkan potensi diri menggunakan mengikuti pembinaan yg berkaitan menggunakan pengembangan konsep bahan ajar PKn.
Prawne instrumenty oddziaływania głowy państwa na parlament. Case studies systemów politycznych Federacji Rosyjskiej, Republiki Białorusi i Ukrainy
Authors: Prokop Maryana
Published: March 2022

The possibility of exerting the influence on the functioning of one authority on another, provided by legislature, creates a danger of a disproportion between the strong position of one and the weakened of the other state authority. The purpose of the article was to analyse the legal instruments of the president’s influence on the parliament in the Russian Federation, the Republic of Belarus and Ukraine. The research problem concerns the question to what extent the constitutional provisions in Russia, Belarus and Ukraine provide for legal instruments of influence of the head of state on the parliament? The presented research allows us to construct an index of the president’s influence on the parliament and to obtain the result for individual cases studies.
Understanding changes in the supply pattern of Roman cooking pottery from Morphou Bay to Nea Paphos: evidence from the Paphos Agora Project
Authors: Nocoń Kamila
Published: March 2022

The thin-walled cooking pottery of the early to late Roman period originating from the area of Morphou Bay in the northern part of Cyprus, excavated by the Paphos Agora Project of the Jagiellonian University in Kraków, is studied in this paper in order to shed new light on the nature of the supply patterns of this extraordinary class of pottery. The collected data—on the macroscopic characteristic of the ware and shape—and a chronological analysis as well as quantitative study of the assemblage have indicated a continuous presence of this group in Nea Paphos, reflecting perhaps some sort of special social requirements combined with an economic background.
El desempeño y la legitimidad de la policía
Authors: Tudela Poblete Patricio
Published: March 2022

Pensando en el fortalecimiento de la función policial, el desempeño es un ámbito escasamente explorado en América Latina. En el núcleo están la eficacia y la legitimidad. Algunos estudios se enfocan en la eficiencia ante delitos y delincuentes. Ninguno aborda la legitimidad y los efectos de las actuaciones de la policía en el apoyo ciudadano. Tampoco se conocen lecciones y buenas prácticas. Hay líneas de innovación que representan oportunidades: la neurociencia y las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación ayudaría a capitalizar el conocimiento y la inteligencia organizacional. En particular, el análisis criminal colabora bastante. Los analistas pueden enfocarse en el examen de impactos sociales y no únicamente en la actividad criminal en un territorio, potenciando entonces el análisis estratégico, operativo y el administrativo. El mapeo criminal es útil en los diagnósticos, la caracterización de patrones de la actividad criminal y el direccionamiento operativo. Pero, sólo en ocasiones se emplea para determinar impactos, validar las soluciones y generar aprendizaje colectivo en prevención local. Para que la policía mejore su desempeño, el mapeo criminal debería orientarse a los ciudadanos en un territorio y no sólo al examen de la actividad criminal en ese lugar. La geografía de la inseguridad es una actividad necesaria para el trabajo comunitario y la cohesión social que están a la base de la legitimidad y la eficacia de la policía.

Palabras claves: desempeño de la policía; análisis y mapeo criminal; innovación y conocimiento; satisfacción ciudadana; gobernanza de la seguridad.
A teorização da criminalidade organizada: contributos para uma discussão científica
Authors: Pereira Eliomar da Silva
Published: March 2022

A teorização da criminalidade organizada tem se desenvolvido segundo várias perspectivas – jurídica, sociológica, política e econômica–, mas subjacente a todas elas existe um problema comum que concerne à construção do conceito de seu objeto. O objetivo desse artigo é discutir algumas categorias teóricas que podem contribuir para uma melhor compreensão do conceito de crime organizado geralmente suposto nas diversas pesquisas. A nossa proposta recorre a algumas noções fundamentais que encontramos na discussão teórica da ciência em geral – como paradigma, programas metodológicos e tradições de pesquisa –, com as quais esperamos contribuir para uma melhor discussão científica sobre o tema. Ao final, com base nessas noções, esperamos deixar claro que a compreensão da criminalidade organizada, considerada aqui como um conceito gerencial do problema da criminalidade contemporânea, pressupõe entender o paradigma sistêmico subjacente a sua teorização, por qualquer caminho que se siga.
Analisis Flame Temperatur Terhadap Magnetisasi Campuran Bahan Bakar Bensin Dan Bioetanol Pada Mesin Bensin
Authors: Kamal Dianta Mustofa
Published: March 2022

Telah dilakukan perhitungan flame temperature pada bahan bakar campuran bensin dan bioethanol. Flame temperature diperlukan untuk mengetahui berapa besar panas yang terjadi ketika bahan bakar tersebut dibakar. Secara tidak langsung flame temperature ini  akan  mempengaruhi emisi gas buang. Hal lain yang dapat  mempengaruhi emisi gas buang adalah magnetisasi bahan bakar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis seberapa besar efek flame temperature dan magnetisasi bahan bakar terhadap emisi gas buang. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimen. Sampel yang digunakan merupakan campuran antara bensin dengan bioetanol, komposisinya adalah E10 (10% bioetanol + 90% bensin), E20 (20% bioetanol+80% bensin), E30(30% bioetanol+70% bensin). Dan sebagai pegontrolnya digunakan bahan bakar bensin murni. Mesin bensin yang digunakan adalah sepeda motor 4 tak,125cc. Kekuatan magnet sebesar 1416 Gauss dipasang diantara tangki bahan bakar dan injector. Hasilnya magnetisasi bahan bakar menyebabkan terjadinya peningkatan flame temperature sebesar 7-15%. Dan penurunan emisi gas buang sebesar 50%.
Analisis Umur Fatik Rangka Penyangga Aileron Flight Control Simulator Berkapasitas 101 kg Di PT MMF
Authors: Kurniawan Iwan Engkus
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang umur fatik rangka penyangga aileron flight control simulator menggunakan metode elemen hingga. Desain dan perhitungan umur fatik rangka menggunakan perangkat lunak Solidworks 2020. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan 3 variabel desain yaitu: Awal, Baru, dan Alternatif. Sedangkan material yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan ASTM A500 dan ASTM A36. Hasil simulasi memperlihatkan rangka penyangga aileron desain Awal, Baru dan Alternatif dengan material ASTM A36 memiliki umur fatik minimum berturut-turut yaitu 1,41 x 105, 6,50 x 106, dan 1,00 x 107 siklus. Sedangkan pada desain Awal, Baru dan Alternatif dengan material ASTM A500 memiliki umur fatik minimum berturut-turut 1,04 x 104, 3,71 x 104, dan 1,00 x 107 siklus.
Integrasi Digital Lean Automation dengan IoT untuk Efisiensi Proses Assembly di Industri Otomotif
Authors: Ramadhanti Lifia Citra , Ida Bagus Sumantri  , Koswara Ade
Published: March 2022

Dalam meningkatkan laba perusahaan, diperlukan beberapa pendekatan dalam proses bisnisnya. Seiring dengan perkembangan zaman, konsumen memiliki permintaan yang tinggi dalam hal suatu produk. Salah satunya adalah produk mobil lego yang dapat dijadikan sebagai prototipe pembelajaran di industri manufaktur. Semakin tinggi permintaan, maka perusahaan dituntut untuk dapat menerapkan sistem lean dalam memproduksi permintaan tersebut. Dengan pendekatan digital lean masih belum optimal karena perkembangan teknologi saat ini. Oleh karena itu, adanya pendekatan digital lean didukung oleh pendekatan teknologi (IoT) yang memaksimalkan jalur otomatisasi (full automatic line). Berdasarkan layout, dengan menerapkan semi otomatisasi pada titik awal bagi perusahaan yang baru mulai menerapkan aplikasi lean digital akan sangat membantu perusahaan dalam mengurangi biaya dari segi waktu yang terbuang karena banyak operator yang menunggu dan juga produk jadi dapat diselesaikan. tepat waktu sehingga perusahaan akan memperoleh keuntungan yang tinggi dari pelanggan. Dengan penerapan digital lean seperti semi-otomatisasi line dapat membantu dalam menghilangkan cacat dalam proses sementara, menghilangkan pemborosan dalam proses dengan meningkatkan nilai bagi pengguna akhir.
ESTIMATION OF POTENTIAL GOLD MINERAL (AU) WITH A RESISTIVITY APPROACH
Authors: Hidayatika Akroma , Prabowo Arif P , Rasimeng Syamsurijal , Putri Medi K , Suharno
Published: March 2022

This research was conducted in Pesisir Barat Regency. This study aims to calculate the estimated potential gold mineral content Gold is formed as a result of the residual solution of magma being uplifted and deposited at high temperatures and pressures. The gold mineral in this area is a ) low sulphidation hydrothermal gold deposit epithermal type (in the form of quartz veins, with carrier minerals containing metals and non-metals. This research uses resistivity method. Interpretation is done by analyzing the resistivity 2D cross section. The interpretation of the gold mineralization zone is associated with the source rock (volcanic) which has a resistivity value of 500Ω.m. Based on resistivity modeling, assuming the source rock is an andesitic-basaltic igneous rock with a density of 2.8 g/cm3 and a maximum depth of 30 meters, it is estimated that the mineral content (Au) in this research location is in the range of (0,3 – 1,5) tons.
Development of Roadmap for the Aircraft Maintenance Industry, Maintenance Repair & Overhaul/MRO, in Indonesia
Authors: Franciscus Freddy
Published: March 2022

Based on data from IAMSA in 2019, prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, thevolume of aircraft maintenance spending from airlines in Indonesia was around US$ 1.2billion. Of the spending volume, only about 35% can be absorbed by MRO Indonesia. MROIndonesia has targeted in the next 5 years it can absorb around 70% of aircraft maintenanceexpenditures in Indonesia. The purpose of this paper is to build a roadmap for the aircraftmaintenance industry in Indonesia. A road map is a guide that is used asdirections/navigation to reach the desired target. The development of a roadmap for theaircraft maintenance industry in Indonesia is carried out by taking into account the currentcondition of Indonesia's MRO and future Indonesia’s MRO targets in absorbing aircraftmaintenance spending in terms of the 4 main pillars of the MRO industry, namely quality,human resources, infrastructure and supply chain. In terms of quality, it is necessary toincrease the level of Indonesian MRO certification to the level of international standards(AS 9110, EASA, FAA). In terms of human resources, it is necessary to increase the numberof licensed technicians by collaborating between MRO and vocational education institutions.In terms of infrastructure and supply chain, it is necessary to build hangars and workshopsthat have an integrated aircraft maintenance center facility 'one stop solution'/aerospacepark. The strengthening of the four pillars is carried out gradually and continuously according to priorities to form a roadmap for the aircraft maintenance industry in Indonesia.
Urban American Congregations
Authors: Mullen Lincoln , Turner John G. , Heppler Jason , Greer Caroline
Published: March 2022

In the early twentieth century, the U.S. Census Bureau conducted surveys of American religious congregations every ten years and published reports on the data it collected. The Bureau categorized denominations into different denomination families, linking together churches that had shared history, theology, or practice. This interactive map displays congregations by denominations and denominational families in American cities, including places with 25,000 or more residents.
Plötzlich war alles anders – Private Haushalte in der Corona-Krise
Authors: Raacke Georg
Published: March 2022

Die COVID-19-Pandemie hat gesellschaftliches und privates Leben fundamental verändert. Welche Folgen hatte dies für private Haushalte? Mit Hilfe der Kategorien ökonomisches, kulturelles und soziales Kapital wird aufgezeigt, wer besonders die Folgen zu tragen hat(te), welche mit der Pandemie-Bekämpfung einhergingen.
Private Haushalte im Spannungsfeld zwischen prekärem Zeitwohlstand und Zeitarmut
Authors: Klünder Nina
Published: March 2022

Die individuelle Zeitautonomie und die damit einhergehenden Verwirklichungschancen sind abhängig vom Geschlecht, der Haushaltskonstellation, der Bildung, dem Beruf und dem Einkommen. Dabei verstärkt die Corona-Pandemie die soziale Ungleichheit weiter, womit Auswirkungen im gesamten Lebensverlauf einhergehen können.
The multiple dimensions of expanded access to health information: Don Lindberg and the U.S. National Library of Medicine
Authors: Humphreys Betsy L.
Published: March 2022

When Donald A. B. Lindberg M.D. became Director of the U.S. National Library of Medicine in 1984, trained searchers, primarily librarians, conducted less than three million searches of NLM databases. They paid for their fair share of the commercial telecommunications costs to reach NLM’s computer system. In 2015 when Lindberg retired, millions of scientists, health professionals, patients, members of the public, and librarians conducted billions of free searches of NLM’s greatly expanded electronic resources via the Internet. Lindberg came to NLM intending to expand access to biomedical and health information along multiple dimensions: reaching more users, providing more types and volumes of information and data; and improving the conceptual, technical, and organizational connections needed to provide information to users when and where it is needed. By any measure he and NLM were spectacularly successful. This chapter discusses some key decisions and developments that contributed to that success.
Entropy generation and chemical reaction effects on MHD non-Newtonian nanofluid flow in a sinusoidal channel
Authors: Ouaf Mahmoud E. , Abou-zeid Mohamed , Younis Yasmeen M.
Published: March 2022

This article discusses the effects of entropy generation as well as slip velocity condition on MHD Jeffery nanofluid flow through a porous medium in a channel with peristalsis. We take the effects of mixed convection, heat source, double diffusion and chemical reaction into consideration. Using the assumption of low-Reynolds number and long-wavelength, series solutions of the governing equations are obtained via homotopy perturbation method. Results will be discussed at various parameters of the problem and drawn graphically. Physically, our model is consistent with the motion of digestive juice in the bowel whenever we are going to insert an endoscopy through it. It is noticed that the axial velocity magnifies with an increase in the values of both first and second slip parameters. Meanwhile, the value of the axial velocity reduces with the elevation in the values of both Grashoff and Darcy numbers. On the other hand, the elevation in the value of thermal radiation leads to a reduction in the value of fluid temperature. Furthermore, increasing in the value of order of chemical reaction parameter makes an enhancement in the value of the solutal concentration. It is noticed also that the entropy generation enhances with the increment in the value of Eckert number. The current study has many accomplishments in several scientific areas like engineering industry, medicine, and others. Therefore, it represents the gastric juice motion depiction in the human body when an endoscope is inserted through it.
SeqDown: An Efficient Sequence Retrieval Software and Comparative Sequence Retrieval Analysis
Authors: Hanif Waqar , Fatima Hijab , Qasim Muhammad , Atif Rana Muhammad , Javed Muhammad  Rizwan
Published: March 2022

For any sequence analysis procedure, a single or multiple sequence must be retrieved, stored, organized. One of the most common public databases used for biological sequence retrieval is GenBank which is a comprehensive public database of nucleotide sequences. However, as the length of the sequence to be retrieved increases such as a chromosome, entire genome, scaffold, etc., the elapsed time to download the file gets even elongated due to slower bandwidth to download/retrieve the sequence.[8] In most cases, during sequence analysis, the researcher requires messenger RNA (mRNA), RNA, DNA, protein sequences of the same sequence-of-interest to work with, which consumes a substantial amount of the researcher in finding and retrieving the sequence files. An access to GenBank through JAVA HTTPS protocols is established to request and receive the sequence files associated with the input accessions. SeqDown was shown to be much efficient in terms of retrieval time of the sequences as compared to the other internet browsers and was found to be 15.27% faster than Mozilla Firefox. SeqDown also provides the feature to retrieve coding DNA sequences & protein sequences present in a single chromosome. Sequence retrieval from the most biological databases don’t have proper naming of their files and the user has to deal with the redundantly named sequence files which leads to incorrect and time-consuming analysis and can be solved with SeqDown. SeqDown is available as a free-to-download software at https://bit.ly/3cUwchz
Mutational Studies of Gene HBB in β-Thalassemia Patients from Balochistan, Pakistan
Authors: Yousafzai Asma , Nawaz Faiza , Yousafzai Asma , Luqman Muhammad , Ahmed Nisar , Arbab Muneeza , Tabassum Jamila , Ahmad Jamil , Daud Shakeela
Published: March 2022

Thalassemia is a hereditary blood disorder. It occurs due to two mutations in the HBB gene located on chromosome 11. This gene has 1606 base pairs and contains three exons. Moreover, HBB gene codes for β globin protein have been identified to posses 868 mutations, which comprise point mutation, insertion, deletion, and gene arrangement. In β thalassemia major, both alleles are mutated and no β chain is synthesized. In this study, three human families with thalassemia were selectedfrom different areas of Balochistan. For DNA extraction and estimation, 5 ml blood samples were extracted intravenously from the affected individuals, their normal siblings, and parents in 15ml falcon tubes containing 200μl EDTA. Primer sequences were designed on primer 3 for the mutational analysis of the HBB gene. Since the gene has a total of three exons and two introns, three primers, namely HBBX1, HBBX2 and HBBX3, were designed. These primers were used to amplify the HBB gene responsible for β thalassemia in all family samples. The amplified product was sequenced through an automated 3100 ABI Prism DNA sequence. The sequencing results were analyzed by the SaqMan software. This was done to determine if any genetic variable in the selected families showed mutations. In Family 1, 1 bp substitution mutation (c.9T>C) (p.his3his) and 1bp insertion (c.111T>G) (p.Ser10 val) in exon 1 of HBB gene were identified in thalassemia locus, while in in Family 2, 1bp substitution mutation (c.9T>C) (p.His3His) in exon 1 of HBB gene was identified in thalassemia locus. No mutation was observed in Family 03after sequencing.
Engaño y daño del transhumanismo, Olivier Rey, (2019) HOMO LEGENS, MADRID.
Authors: Barahona Plaza Ángel Jorge
Published: March 2022

Engaño y daño del transhumanismo, Olivier Rey, (2019) HOMO LEGENS, MADRID.
Comunicación y representaciones sociales: dificultades para el futuro de la educación de los jóvenes en situación de pobreza ante la pandemia
Authors: Del Prado Flores Rogelio , Arévalo Martínez Rebeca Illiana
Published: March 2022

Esta investigación se realizó con el objetivo de evaluar el impacto de la pandemia en las expectativas y oportunidades de los jóvenes en la zona metropolitana del Valle de México para seguir estudiando en un contexto de pobreza marcado por la incertidumbre de la COVID-19. El estudio se llevó a cabo con metodología cuantitativa, con alcance descriptivo y correlacional a partir de la definición de tres variables independientes: 1) rango de edad, 2) nivel de estudios, 3) su condición de estudiante; y dos variables dependientes: 1) razón que motiva a los jóvenes a capacitarse; 2) tipo de discriminación. El diseño y análisis fueron trabajados desde teorías sobre pobreza, representaciones sociales y el estado del arte sobre comunicación del COVID-19. Las conclusiones revelan que los jóvenes encuestados encuentran una motivación para aprender en correlación con una mayor preparación; los que poseen estudios universitarios su motivación se centra en mejorar su calidad de vida; mientras que para los de menor nivel de estudios todos los motivos tienen la misma ponderación. En general, las principales motivaciones para aprender se encuentran en el ámbito de la familia, así como influir positivamente en otros. La necesidad de aprender como requisito, para obtener comida o un apoyo económico, y para cuidar de la comunidad, resultan tener la menor frecuencia de motivación, lo que demuestra que las políticas económicas implementadas por el Estado, no han generado las representaciones sociales y culturales suficientes para el progreso integral de las personas.
Technical Analysis, Energy Cryptos and Energy Equity Markets
Authors: Gurrib Ikhlaas
Published: March 2022

The aim of this study is to investigate if Fibonacci retracements levels, as a popular technical analysis indicator, can serve to predict stock prices of leading US energy companies and energy crypto currencies.  The methodology centers on the application of Fibonacci retracements as a trading system.  Daily stock prices from the top ten constituents of the S&P Composite 1500 Energy Index are sourced, spanning from 21st November 2017 to 17th January 2020.  The performance of the Fibonacci's tool is captured using the Sharpe measure.  The model is also benchmarked against the naÃ¯ve buy-and-hold strategy. We also tested if the use of Fibonacci retracements, coupled with a price crossover strategy results into higher return per unit of risk.  Findings support the Fibonacci retracement tool captures the price movements of energy stocks better than energy cryptos.  Further, price violations tend occur more during downtrends compared to uptrends, suggesting the Fibonacci tool does not capture price increases during downtrends as well as price decreases during uptrends.  Less consecutive retracement breaks occurred as we move from 1 to 3 days prior.  While a Fibonacci based strategy resulted in superior returns to a naÃ¯ve buy and hold model, the Sharpe and Sharpe per trade values were low.  Complementing the Fibonacci tool with a price cross strategy did not improve the results significantly, and resulted in fewer or no trades for some constituents.
Effects of Industrialization, Technology and Labor efficiency on Electricity Consumption: Panel Data Experience of Rwanda, Tanzania and Kenya.
Authors: Daniel Mburamatare Daniel , Gboney William K. , Hakizimana Jean De Dieu , Mutemberezi Fidel
Published: March 2022

The objective of this paper is to investigate the effects of industrialization, technology and labor efficiency on electricity consumption in East African Region especially in Rwanda, Kenya and Tanzania over the period from 1990 to 2019. This study adopts a three-stage approach, we used four different panel unit root tests including Levin, Lin and Chu (LLC); Im, Pesaran, and Shin (IPS); ADF - Fisher Chi-square and PP - Fisher Chi-square. The results reveal that all variables are stationary and integrated with order one. Pedroni's cointegration tests reveals that the variables are not cointegrated while Johansen Fisher and error correction-based panel cointegration tests reveal that all variables are cointegrated with at most one cointegrating equation. The study uses Full Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS) and Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS) to estimate the long run relationship among the variables. We find that the increase in industrialization increases electricity consumption whiles increase in technology and enhanced labor efficiency decreases electricity consumption.  The study recommends that countries need to consider the current level and the future GCF in planning of electricity supply and production to meet demand, promote efficient use of innovative technology and improve labor efficiency in the industrial sector.
The Governance of Downstream Oil Palm Development in the Technopolitan Area of Pelalawan Regency
Authors: Rusli Zaili , Mashur Dadang , Yozani Ringgo Eldapi , Habibie Dedi Kusuma , Simanjuntak Harapan Tua Ricky Freddy , Saputra Trio
Published: March 2022

This study aims to determine the governance of oil palm downstream development in technopolitan areas of Pelalawan Regency. This research method was carried out qualitatively by analyzing the object of study. First, the development of oil palm down streaming in technopolitan areas, second, the potential for oil palm down streaming in technopolitan areas and third, governance of oil palm downstream development in technopolitan areas. The development of downstream oil palm in technopolitan areas facilitates the development of ideas, innovations, and know-how from the utilization of oil palm derivative products that have a high selling value and downstream oil palm becomes a support for government, academia, business and the community in implementing Good Agricultural Practice (GAP). The development of governance oil palm downstream in Pelalawan Regency is implemented in an integrated, competitive and sustainable approach. The development with such governance makes it possible for every stakeholders and the community (independent farmers) to receive economic, social, and environmental benefits from the development of technopolitan areas in Pelalawan Regency.
Trade Openness, Industrialization, Urbanization and Pollution Emissions in GCC countries: A Way Towards Green and Circular Economies
Authors: Mahmood Haider
Published: March 2022

The GCC countries are moving toward circular and green economies in their long-run visions. This transformation is accelerating the industrialization, urbanization, economic growth, and Trade Openness (TO) in the region. This present study examines the effects of these economic indicators on pollution emissions in the GCC panel from 1980-2019 using panel techniques. We found the environmental Kuznets curve. Moreover, TO is helping reduce CO2 emissions. Hence, economic growth and TO are helping the GCC region to follow the track of green and circular economies. In short run, TO also reduces emissions. Industrialization and urbanization accelerate emissions in long run. Thus, both indicators have environmental consequences in the GCC region in the long run. However, these indicators could not harm the in short run. To follow the track of green and circular economies, the study recommends increasing trade openness in the region and imposing carbon taxes on industrialization and urbanization to reduce their environmental consequences.
Energy Recovery Potential of Livestock Waste with Thermal and Biological Technologies: Analysis on Cattle, Sheep, Goat and Chicken Manure
Authors: Altan Hasan Suphi , Orhon Derin , Sozen Seval
Published: March 2022

This study aims to establish the scientific link between the livestock wastes and energy recovery processes to implement the most appropriate technology at the highest economic benefit. The evaluation was based on the recovery of the potential energy of the mixture of four livestock wastes (cattle, sheep, goat, egg chicken) by four different energy recovery processes. Incineration, gasification, pyrolysis at 550°C and 750°C were applied as thermal processes together with the anaerobic digestion as biochemical process. The recovery performance of each process was evaluated within a defined design algorithm considering all significant parameters in seven geographical regions and in Turkey as a whole. Incineration seems to be the most efficient energy recovery process with 0.43 MWe/t for Turkey. Gasification took the second place in the energy recovery ranking with 0.34 MWe/t, 21% less than incineration. Pyrolysis expressed an energy recovery rate of 0.15 MWe/t at 550°C and a twice higher rate at 750°C, at a level close to gasification. Anaerobic digestion exerted a recovery potential of 0.21 MWe/t for the livestock waste considered. Energy recovery from livestock waste not only contributes to energy production, but also provides compliance with the concept of reducing emissions and sustainable environment.
Modeling Electricity Consumption for Growth in an Open Economy
Authors: Stamatiou Pavlos
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the long run equilibrium relationship of electricity consumption in Italy from a unique perspective, taking tourism expansion as a proxy for exogenous growth. The sample used is annual data covering the period 1990-2018. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach and the causality method of Toda and Yamamoto (1995) are applied, as the most appropriate for the integration of the variables and the sample size. The ARDL results, as well as additional cross checking test, reveal a long run relation between electricity consumption, foreign tourist arrivals and economic growth in the country. Foreign tourist arrivals and economic growth have significant impact on electricity consumption, both in the short and in the long run. Τhe causality results support unidirectional causalities running from foreign tourist arrivals and economic growth to electricity consumption. In addition, foreign tourist arrivals influence electricity consumption both directly and indirectly through economic growth. Policy implications are further discussed.
The Impact Analysis of Electricity Prices on the Energy Intensity of the Kazakhstani Economy and Sustainable Development
Authors: Tulaganov Anvar , Sagindykova Gulnara , Isaev Murad , Bimbetova Bibigul , Kaiyrgaliyeva Maira , Aidosova Bakhitzhamal , Orynbassarova Aizhan
Published: March 2022

The independent Kazakhstan is highly inefficient electricity production, transmission and distribution infrastructure, while electricity prices both for industry and residential consumers is significantly lower that world average level due to abundance of oil, gas and coal resources. As a result of resource usage inefficiency, the country loss of 3-5% of national growth domestic product and competitiveness on international economic arena. The aim of this study is to determine the possibilities of ensuring economic growth in Kazakhstan by improving the energy efficiency of the economy. The paper proposes to identify the relationship between economic growth and energy efficiency in Kazakhstan by applying the correlation-regression and comparative analysis of the dynamics of the national gross product and its specific energy intensity, which will determine and substantiate the priority direction of increasing energy efficiency and sustainable development in Kazakhstan. The result of correlation-regression analysis reveals that an increase in the price of electricity supply for industry by 2.5 KZT tenge per 1 kW leads to an improvement in the energy intensity of GDP by 0.012 kg per 47,000 KZT (or 100 USD), and an increase in the price of electricity supply for the population by 2.5 KZT per 1 kW leads to an improvement in energy intensity GDP by 0.005 kg per 47,000 KZT. In discussion, the article argues that country is mostly focuses on development of renewable energy sector, while considering the situation that Kazakhstan is geographically large country with high energy losses during the transmission and distribution electricity system, the application of the Smart Grid technologies seems as a prerequisite for improvement of energy efficiency and economic growth in Kazakhstan.
The Mediation Effect of Carbon Accounting in Relation to Carbon Risk Management and Carbon Performance of Malaysian Companies
Authors: Ong Tze San , Kasbun Nur Fatin , Abdul Rahman Abdul Aziz , Meero Abdelrhman , Teh Boon Heng
Published: March 2022

This paper enhances the knowledge on carbon management among organizations certified by the Malaysian International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 14001. Specifically, the study investigated the impact of carbon risk management on carbon performance through the mediation of carbon accounting. This research adopts a quantitative method with a final sample size of 136 and structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to analyze the data. The findings suggest that carbon risk management and carbon accounting have a significant positive effect on carbon performance. Notably, carbon accounting exerts a full mediating effect on the relationship between carbon risk management and carbon performance.
Effects of Conditional Oil Volatility on Exchange Rate and Stock Markets Returns
Authors: Bouazizi Tarek , Mrad Fatma , Hamida Arafet , Nafti Sawsen
Published: March 2022

The underlying volatility at a given time is called conditional volatility at this particular time and is modeled by various ARMA-GARCH conditional variance equations (GARCH, EGARCH, GJR, APARCH, IGARCH). How important are oil price fluctuations and oil price volatility in foreign exchange markets and stock markets? What is the nature of the relationship between these three markets? What are the political implications if volatility, using appropriate models to determine, turns out to be important? We evaluate these questions empirically, using the specification of Narayan and Narayan (2010). This specification, in our paper, deals with the determination of volatility appropriate models, based on information criteria, of the ARMA-ARCH family conditional volatility of oil returns using daily data for each country independently (i), and revolve around an analysis of the effect of the volatility of black gold price on the returns of the other two markets in Oil Importing Developed Countries category (ii). The selection of appropriate models of oil returns according to the period of the chosen data gives the ARMA(2,2)- GJR(1,2) model for the Germany and the ARMA(2,2)-GJR(2,2) model for the Japan and the USA. The results that the conditional variances of oil returns, foreign exchange market returns and stock market returns are contested and they have a long-term relationship in different countries. In addition, the results of the granger causality tests and the study of impulse response functions have shown that it has a sending effect of the volatility of oil prices on most foreign exchange markets and stock markets, highlighting the strong explanatory power of market volatility, but bidirectional causality is not always present. Our empirical results involved in the prevention of shocks are important for policymakers, for portfolio managers seeking optimal portfolio allocation, for monetary authorities who are studying changes in the exchange rate of the national currency against currencies, for oil-importing countries seeking to minimize their spending on crude oil, and for oil-exporting countries seeking the sound management of oil reserves. They also show that the volatility of crude oil prices on the world market is generally more significant for foreign exchange and stock markets than the volatility of oil price in the local market. This main conclusion gives political implications to policymakers.
Maksimasi Produk Avtur Dengan Pengaturan Cutting Point Di Kolom Fraksinasi Unit Hydrocracking Complex
Authors: Furqon Zami
Published: March 2022

Abstrak Fraksionator di Unit Hydro Cracking Complex, merupakan jenis proses distilasi atmosferis yang mengolah jenis minyak berat campuran dari berbagai sumber seperti HVGO dan HCGO di HCC Unit untuk mendapatkan produk berupa LPG, light naphta, heavy naphta, Light Kerosene, Heavy Kerosene, diesel dan Net Bottom  Fractinatotion. Perubahan Cutting Point pada produk Heavy Kerosene akan berdampak pada perubahan yield Heavy Kerosene dan kondisi operasi pada kolom fraksinasi yaitu draw tray Heavy Kerosene. Perubahan cutting point pada produk Heavy Kerosene juga akan menyebabkan perubahan sifat produk Avtur seperti density, flash point, Kuop, freezing point. Penurunan Cutting Point antara Heavy Kerosene dan Diesel sebesar 5 °F, dapat meningkatkan yield produk Heavy Kerosene hingga mencapai 0.78 % volume on crude atau sebesar 1.57 m³/jam. Perubahan cutting point akan diikuti juga dengan perubahan kondisi operasi  pada kolom fraksionatornya, yaitu didapat suhu Heavy Kerosene draw tray sebesar 224°C. Keywords : Average Boiling Point, Cutting Point, Fractionation, Hydrocracking, Kerosene.
The Teaching of English Vocabulary to Young Learners in Beginner II Class at the Star English Course
Authors: Aditya R Yendi , Wulandari Sri
Published: March 2022

The aim of this study is to describe the teaching of English vocabulary to young learners in Beginner II class at the star English Pare. The research describes the tutor’s preparation that consists of syllabus, lesson plan, material, media, and technique; the tutor’s implementation that consists of: pre-teaching activity, main teaching activity, and post-teaching activity; and the assessment. The research subjects are: the director at The Star English Course, the tutor at The Star English Course, and the students of Beginner II class at The Star English Course. The research was analyzed by using descriptive qualitative method. The data were collected from observation, interview and documentation. In preparing for teaching English vocabulary to young learners at The Star English Course, the tutor has both syllabus and lesson plan. Moreover, the tutor is obligated to use media and game in delivering the material. It is really effective because children need an interesting media and fun activity in learning. During the pre-teaching activity, the tutor started the class by a warmer to prepare the students and help students to focus on the upcoming lessons. When teaching the main lesson, the tutor carried out the activity interactively and motivated the students to participate actively through the media and game. The post-teaching activity was done by making conclusions, reviewing, and giving assignments. The tutor’s assessment in teaching English vocabulary to young learners in beginner class at The Star English Course Pare is given in each meeting and there is one meeting in the end of the month for evaluation by giving final assessment that consist of material learned that month.
Evaluasi Kesesuaian Lahan Komoditas Perkebunan di Kecamatan Nggaha Ori Angu Kabupaten Sumba Timur
Authors: Soud Umar Bin Muhammad , Jawang Uska Peku , Killa Yonce M.
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kesesuaian lahan terhadap komoditas perkebunan di Kecamatan Nggaha Ori Angu Kabupaten Sumba Timur. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan mulai dari bulan Juli - Oktober 2020. Dengan menggunakan metode analisis pencocokan (Matching), persyaratan tumbuh tanaman dan dilakukan metode overlay menggunakan extension modelbuilder. Kelas kesesuaian lahan untuk komoditas perkebunan kemiri adalah S1 (sangat sesuai) dengan luas 27.889,203 ha atau (64,52 %), S2 (cukup sesuai) dengan luas 15.238,136 ha atau (35,25 %), dan N (tidak sesuai) 8,4 ha atau (0,02 %). Komoditas jambu mete dengan kesesuaian lahan S1 (sangat sesuai) dengan luas 7.676,022 ha atau (17,75 %), S2 (cukup sesuai) dengan luas 35.453,526 ha atau (82,02 %), dan N (tidak sesuai) 9,1 ha atau (0,03 %). Komoditas kelapa dengan kesesuaian lahan S2 (cukup sesuai) dengan luas 21.445,633 ha atau (49,61 %), S3 (sesuai marginal) dengan luas 21.683,66 ha atau (50,16 %), dan N (tidak sesuai) 9,4 ha atau (0,03 %).
ANALISIS PENGGUNAAN VIDEO GAME ONLINE SEBAGAI MEDIA DAKWAH
Authors: Khairiyah Nanda
Published: March 2022

This article examines the use of online game applications for Islamic da'wah. The purpose of this research is to reveal how much the benefits and effects of online games which are currently favored by netizens for Islamic education. This is with the assumption that the image of online games is not completely negative, as is generally considered by the public. Whereas in online games, as with other information technology products, there are two sides of a coin; negative and positive aspects depending on the users. In the context of Islamic preaching, online games can be used as an effective da'wah medium, given the increasing number of users every day. The research method in uncovering this phenomenon uses qualitative methods. Data analysis based on literature review from various media. Some of the findings that the researcher obtained include: da'wah can take advantage of online games, as well as a number of Islamic online games popping up that are of interest to netizens.
EFEKTIVITAS METODE DAKWAH SISTEM LANGSUNG (DSL) DALAM MENANGKAL RADIKALISME PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Wahidin Khaerul , Maulana Muhammad Azka , Jaenudin Muhamad , Juhana Juhana
Published: March 2022

This research discusses radicalism in the name of religion that is increasingly emerging in recent decades. The radicalism is growing and grabbing the public's attention. One of them is the case of the recruitment of innocent children and youth in hardline and extreme organizations for purposes that endanger the public. This group of teenagers is usually still psychologically unstable so it is easy to be indoctrinated with incorrect religious teachings and understanding. Looking at the case, the authors  was interested in researching the Islamic Youth group Baitul Ma'mur Mosque (RAISMA) Sampora Village, Cilimus District, Kuningan Regency whose coaching system is carried out through the Direct System Da'wah method (DSL).  Uniquely, the youth coaching of this mosque continues to survive in the midst of the Covid-19 outbreak, by of course implementing health protocols. The question then: Does the Group of Islamic Youth Baitul Ma'mur Mosque (RAISMA) fall into the category infiltrated by radicalism or vice versa, the silencer? Then, how exactly is DSL  model developed and run?  This research method uses qualitative approach with literature study analysis. To explore the data, the authors also used data collection techniques through interviews and the dissemination of questionnaires.  The data obtained are then arranged regularly and systematically to be analyzed with qualitative approach.