bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perfil del gestor deportivo cubano en el siglo XXI
Authors: León Reyes Yenisey , Miranda Lorenzo Yadney Osmaida , Pérez Edmundo Claudio , Marqués León Maylín
Published: July 2024

El perfil profesional de los gestores deportivos es poco estudiado en Cuba, dificultando comparaciones con otras investigaciones. De acuerdo con los resultados encontrados, se identifica que independiente del rol de director, coordinador o metodólogo; ejercen las mismas funciones y esto adquiere mayor importancia debido a que las organizaciones deportivas actualmente están frente a un proceso de transformación, significando con ello un reto permanente. El propósito del artículo consiste en analizar las competencias genéricas del gestor deportivo local en la provincia de Matanzas. Para ello se utilizan métodos y técnicas tales como: histórico-lógico, analítico-sintético, inductivo-deductivo, enfoque sistémico, revisión documental, revisión bibliográfica, encuesta; los softwares VOSviewer y SPSS para el tratamiento estadístico y validación de los instrumentos. Como resultados resaltan que: las competencias principales de un gestor deportivo son comunicación, organización, creatividad y liderazgo; aún existe desconocimiento sobre la gestión deportiva, sus tendencias en la actualidad y cómo deben ser tratados en el contexto cubano. Dentro de las principales acciones de capacitación de los máximos dirigentes de las organizaciones deportivas se encuentran diversas temáticas relacionadas con el ámbito de gestión. A manera de conclusión se confirma que el estudio de los perfiles del gestor deportivo es necesario, pues debe convertirse en una herramienta de gestión útil ante el contexto cambiante en que enfrentan hoy las organizaciones deportivas cubanas.
The Effect of Service Quality and Mobile Banking Applications on Customer Loyalty with Satisfaction as a Mediating Variable in Suryopranoto Branch Bca Customers
Authors: Feliciana Feliciana , Saparso Saparso , Lizardo Jimmy
Published: July 2024

This study explores the impact of service quality and mobile banking applications on customer loyalty, with customer satisfaction acting as a mediating factor (focusing on patrons of BCA Suryopranoto). The quantitative methodology examines hypotheses through a dataset comprising 280 customer responses. These responses were collected via direct surveys distributed to the customers. The Partial Least Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) technique was utilized for the analysis, specifically through SmartPLS 3.2.8 software. The data processing and analysis outcomes reveal that service quality and mobile banking applications significantly affect customer loyalty, which is crucial in mediating customer satisfaction. Research findings indicate that directly addressing service quality, mobile banking applications, and customer loyalty is pivotal in achieving customer satisfaction.
Who is the 'Spectator' in Contemporary Chinese Social Culture?; A New Exploration of John Berger's 'Ways of Seeing
Authors: Ting Zhou Ting Zhou
Published: July 2024

约翰· 伯格以“观者”为批评视角的“批判之眼”在中国当代社会文化中作何归因。本文旨在思考，欧洲自20 世纪至今女性做为审美客体的演进，当代社会中女性与男性的双重“媚态化”现象，消费因素能否覆盖？研究得知，尽管与消费因素存在复杂的联结，但女性媚态化的表象背后充满弗洛伊德色彩，而男性的媚态化指涉的观看权力反向终究归属于瑰丽的梦境。伯格指出，广告图像的“允诺性”尽然使人们趋之若鹜想要成为他人的“他者”。但霍尔的编码/解码理论说明观者既在参与文化建构同时也在解构这场消费“神话”。
Collaborate to compose a hymn of regional culture with deep affection for the homeland: Research on《What is Shaanxi Wood》Based on Literature Analysis Method
Authors: Shicong YAO Shicong YAO
Published: July 2024

陕西作为中华民族及华夏文明最重要的发祥地之一，历史文化底蕴和积淀极为深厚。方言流行歌曲作为地域文化的重要载体和媒介，对于地域文化的传播和弘扬无疑拥有着无与伦比的推进作用。近年来陕西方言流行歌曲创作蔚然成风，在内地方言流行歌曲的发展进程中尤为显著。其中被收录为“大世界基尼斯之最---最长中文歌曲”的《陕西木有啥》，就歌词文本本身而言，因其蕴含着突出的文学性以及篇幅极长的显著特征，当之无愧可视之为难得一遇的文学作品，无疑具有颇为不凡的研究价值。
Research on Measures to Prevent an Energy Crisis Triggered by the Development and Application of AI
Authors: Xing Chen Xing Chen , Fang Deng Fang Deng , Jiangfeng LI Jiangfeng LI
Published: July 2024

当前油气勘探投资的长期萎缩，最终使得产量下降。然而新能源泡沫形成中走向破裂，新的产业链转移将再次主导石油市场。人工智能正处于行业转型的风口浪尖，全天候运行的人工智能产品能量消耗大幅增加，可能引爆能源危机。本研究旨在深入探讨能源供应失衡的成因及人工智能发展的趋势，并提出应对人工智能引发能源危机的建议和举措，包括优化能源使用效率、推动可再生能源发展、加强能源监管和管理、促进技术创新和研发、以及平衡人工智能发展与能源供应和环境保护之间的关系。
Research on Chinese Vocational Education “Dual System” Journal Papers (1980-2022): Based on the Keywords Data of Chinese Literature in CNKI
Authors: Changqing WU Changqing WU
Published: July 2024

德国职业教育“双元制”以其教育模式的在地性和教育方法的普适性为我国职业教育界和研究者所接纳，但从中国知网收录文献关键词比较分析，“双元制”研究不均衡性以及综合性研究不够全面，同时主体性生态中最关键的——人在“双元制”研究中也极为匮乏。通过现象学还原，从国家制度建设、个人价值观自主选择权、人类学技术行为、历史文化与技术文化塑造、注重自身发展、本土实践反思等六个方面进行跨文化、跨学科研究，形成整体、全面的“双元制”研究范式。
Preclinical evaluation of therapeutic pDNA and mRNA vaccines for chronic hepatitis B
Authors:   , Dorien De Pooter
Published: July 2024

Yearly, 1.5 million people get infected with the hepatitis B virus, although preventive vaccines are available. People who are not able to take control of the virus, especially infants, develop a chronic infection. As HBV targets the hepatocytes, a chronic infection can permanently damage the liver and can lead to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. The hepatitis B virus is able to form circular covalently closed (ccc)DNA in infected hepatocytes and to integrate its DNA in the genome of the host. Both integrated DNA and cccDNA are a source for persistent high concentrations of viral antigens like HBsAg, and cause an immune system tolerant to it, with exhausted T-cells unable to kill infected hepatocytes. Current therapies can not eliminate the virus completely and there is need for a therapy that can reach functional cure, defined as the loss of systemic HBsAg levels and undetectable levels of HBV DNA after a finite treatment. It is believed that a successful treatment consists of multiple modalities including antivirals and immunomodulators that target the high viral and antigen burden as well as inadequate host immune responses. One such immunomodulator is a therapeutic vaccine that introduces HBV viral antigens to the body thereby eliciting a specific immune response. This thesis describes the development and preclinical evaluation of a pDNA vaccine encoding core and pol HBV antigen and a second vaccine in the form of mRNA encoding core, pol and envelope antigen. Robust immune responses were induced in several naive animals with the mRNA vaccine being superior in terms of magnitude of induced CD8 T-cell responses, but specifically the core-specific CD4 T-cell responses were negatively impacted compared to the pDNA vaccine. In AAV-HBV transduced mice, containing an HBV-tolerant, immune suppressed liver environment, the elicited immune responses after two immunizations with pDNA vaccine, were not powerful enough to reduce viral parameters while responses after three immunizations with the mRNA vaccine, reduced viral parameters for 50% of the tested mice. The used platforms allow multiple improvement such as coadministration with adjuvants, altering dosing scheme, finetuning the formulation, exploration of a heterologous regimens, ... The combination of a vaccine with modalities to reduce viral replication and reduce the suppressive HBV antigen levels, should strengthen, and enhance it effects. Such a multimodal therapy is believed to be essential to reduce changes of developing liver damage caused by the constant presence of hepatitis B virus.
The Interplay Between Sexuality and Family Planning as Perceived by Couples in the Rural Areas
Authors: Eleanor R. Belizar  , Ofelia R. Espiritu
Published: July 2024

This study was conducted to identify variations in perceptions between married couples in family planning. Particularly, it aimed to determine the socio-demographic profile of respondents, their knowledge, beliefs, and practices onfamily planning and to elicit information about the level ofcooperation or coercion in a relationship and the role of sex in the decision to use contraception. An interview schedule coupled withfocus group discussion (FGD)was used in gathering the data needed in the study. Respondents were couples from the upland municipalities of Ilocos Sur. Data gathered were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively using frequency distribution and percentage. Both family planning acceptors and non-acceptors were interviewed. Results showed that both sets of respondents are aware of the benefits of family planning. However, they had limited knowledge about the facts and scientific information on family planning. Non-acceptors generally relied on hearsays which affected their perception on family planning methods. Moreover, rural couples believed that family planning methods affect the couple's sexual drive. Non-acceptors believed that sexual drives decreases to a minimal extent but acceptors believed that it increases to a great extent. This indicates the negative perceptions of non-acceptors on family planning and the positive effects that contraceptives bring in enhancing the sexual relationship of acceptors. It is recommended, then that there should be an intensive information and dissemination on family planning at the community level to erase whatever negative notions that people have about contraceptives.
Sexually Transmitted Diseases Among Patients Admitted in Different Health Agencies of Ilocos Sur
Authors: Elodia B. Guce
Published: July 2024

This study looked into the personal characteristics and health practices of adult patients who were medically diagnosed with sexually transmitted diseases (STD) and were referred to and admitted in selected hospitals, rural health unit, and Philippine National Red Cross of Ilocos Sur. Data were gathered through the accomplished questionnaire checklist distributed to 36 STD patients previously referred to and confined in the selected health agencies. These were supplemented by their medical records. The data were analyzed through frequency counts, percentages, means, and chi-square. Findings show that there was a predominance of STD among the respondents who were 21-30 years old, male, single with an outgoing personality, straight man in gender, and peddlers. Gonorrhea was the prevalent STD type that afflicted them. The respondents often drank beer, liquor or hard wine; occasionally smoked cigarette/tobacco; and sought medical check-up. They were often observedfor signs and symptoms of rectal bleeding, itching or pain, and genital discharges; and occasionally performed perineal/genital care before and after sexual intercourse. They seldom used condom during sexual intercourse. In terms of sexual acts, they always preferred vaginal intercourse and seldom engaged in oral and anal sex. The respondents seldom exchanged money for sex, however, they occasionally exchanged sex for money. Occasionally, too, but they useddrugs before casual sex contact, they did not submit themselves eitherfor HIV antibody test or blood transfusion.Among the personal characteristics, only sex was found significantly related to the occurrence of sexually transmitted diseases. However, their personal attributes didnot show significance to their health practices.
Brine Shrimp Lethality of the Methanol Dichloromethane Extracts of Anonas (Annona reticulata) Leaves and Barks
Authors: Alfredo R. Rabena
Published: July 2024

Leaves and barks of anonas (Anona reticulata) were collected from Vigan City, Ilocos Sur. The samples were chopped into fine pieces and then soaked in methanol. The extract was allowed to pass through a filter paper and the supernatant liquid was concentrated using a rotary evaporator for three hours at 40°C. Dichloremethanewas used to get the remaining concentrated extracts in the rotavapor and then evaporated in the fume hood.
Phytochemical Analysis of Taltalikod (Phyllanthus niruri Linn.)
Authors: Solita Evangeline S. Bañez
Published: July 2024

The study was conducted to test the chemical substances present in taltalikod (Phyllanthus niruri). This study made use of the experimental research design in actual laboratory set-up. Two phases were included in the pursuit of thisstudy: the extraction process and the qualitative test (phytochemical screening). Results showed that the taltalikod extract contained therapeutic substances such as alkaloids, glycosides, tannins, saponins, and sterols This implies that the plant can be a good source of treatment for cough, colds, hypertension, malaria, diarrhea, extensive burns, heart failure, rectal disorders, kidney stones, bedsores, ulcers, andsore throat. Based on the conclusions, the researcher presents the following recommendations: a follow-up study should be conducted to quantify, isolate and identify the type ofalkaloids, glycosides, tannins, saponins, slerols and flavonoids present in talalikod (Phyllanthas nirri); the plant is recommended for microbiological and other pharmacological screenings; further studies on the plant's therapeutic properties should be conducted by interested researchers and drug companies; and theplant should be included in the compilation and documentation of medicinalplants in the Philippines through NRCP, DOST and UP and be indexed at the Plant Resources of Southeast Asia (PROSEA).
Intercropping Sweet Corn with Different Legumes
Authors: Floraceli R. Rodillas
Published: July 2024

The study was conducted at a farmer's field in Danuman West, Sta. Maria, llocos Sur to determine the yield performance of sweet corn as affected by the intercropping of different legumes and to determine the highest net returns oaf legumes as intercrops of corn. The legumes used as intercrops were: mungbean, rice bean, copea (Bluck cowpea), and peanut (Spanish Red), Thus the treatments were: T-sweet corn intercropped with mungbean, T-sweetcorn intercrapped with rice bean, T-sweet corn intercropped with cowpea, and T-sweet corn intercropped with peanut. These including a control (CG,-unintercropped corn plants) were laid out following a Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with three (3) replications. Results showed no effect of legume intercrops on corn plant height and yield performance. Although the highest actual corn yield was recorded in the unintercropped corn plants with 7.3 kg/plot, the yield performance of the farmland can be increased by intercropping different legumes with sweet corn. T4 (sweet corn intercropped with peanut) had a cornyield of 6.9 kg/plot and 28.0 kg/plot of eanuts. Intercropping gives a possibility of increasing the economic yield of the cornlands with little modifications on the cornfarming techniques and practices at thefarmer's level.
Management Strategies in the Control of Dengue Fever in Ilocos Sur
Authors: Ofelia R. Espiritu
Published: July 2024

The study aimed to determine the management strategies observed or practiced by the respondents in the control of dengue fever in Iocos Sur. It further determined the occurrence of dengue fever in locos Sur during CY 2000-2002. The respondents' background knowledge on dengue fever, their management strategies in the control of the said communicable disease in terms of mosquito elimination and prevention from mosquito bites were measured. The relationship between the occurrence of the disease and the respondents' managenent strategies in terms of background knowledge about dengue, mosquito elimination and prevention of mosquito bikes was also found out.The study made use of the descriptive research design. A 5-point scule questionnaire checklist was used in gathering data on awareness, observations and practices of respondents in the control of dengue fever. The data were sadistically treated with frequency count, mean and Point Biserial Correlation. The following findings and conclusions were drawn from the data gathered. The occurrence of dengue fever in Ilocos Sur was highest in 2000 and the number of cases declined in 2001 and 2002; the respondents had a high level of background knowledge on the nature of dengue vector, etiology and disease causation; the control of mosquito breeding and proliferation at average level; some practices were highly observed because they were part of household activities; and costly procedures like use of electric mosquito killers and "off lotion" were practiced/observed at low level. An inverse relationship was found between the respondents' level of background knowledge of the occurrence of dengue fever. However, management strategies in mosquito breeding elimination significantly affected the occurrence ofdenguefever. Based on the conclusions, the following recommendations were forwarded: a regular radio program on health and nutrition in all radio stations in the locality should be carried out as an extension service of the university; massive cleaning activities should be concluded especially in possible breeding places for mosquitoes in and around houses, school rooms and grounds; fogging practice with sulvac powder to be more effective should be done simultaneously in neighbouring barangays at close intervals; intensive campaign on the management strategies against mosquito bites llke the use of mosquito nets, pajamas or log dresses, electric fans and spraying of insect repellants should be carried out. Further research on all insect-bore diseases to the locality should be conducted in relation to environmental control.
Adaptation of the College of Education Students and Faculty Regarding Academic Calendar Shift
Authors: Ambag Silvia C. , Gangat Eleazar E.
Published: July 2024

This study used the descriptive method of research to determine the perceived adaptation of the students and faculty members of the College of Education, Polytechnic University of the Philippines regarding Academic Calendar Shift, School Year 2013-2014. The researcher used a semi sub-system paradigm that involved the input, process and output approach, with a five-point Likert Scale questionnaire to gather data on the perception of quota samples of both students and faculty. The survey was conducted on a room-to-room basis reaching a quota of 218 respondents subcategorized by the year level of the student respondents, and 11 of the faculty. The statistical tools used were frequency, percentage, and Pearson Correlation Test. Results show that the students’ overall assessment on the eight items for the concept of Academic Calendar Shift yielded a mean rating of 3.63 showing that they “Agree” in favor of the academic shift's advantages; the faculty's overall assessment for Academic Calendar Shift is 4.49 (mean rating) showing that they “Strongly Agree” with the benefits of academic shift; the students’ perception on academic shift in PUP context is 3.08 (mean rating) showing their “Neutrality” on the issue; the faculty response has an overall mean rating of 4.06 with regard to Academic Calendar Shift in PUP showing that they “Agee” to it; and there is a significant difference in the perception of the students and faculty with regard to the Academic Calendar Shift and to the Academic Calendar in PUP. PUP administrators should welcome the idea of academic calendar shift and propose a study of its possible recommendations.
Solid Waste Management Practices of the Youth: Its Implication to Environment Protection
Authors: Vilma E. Atienza
Published: July 2024

Solid waste management (SWM) practices if not done properly is the key to all environmental problems. The youth, when taught the proper way of waste segregation will help the government address these problems. The youth comprises the biggest number of population in the country. It is for this reason, that this research was conducted to determine the solid waste management practices of the youth enrolled at New Sinai Schools and Colleges (NSSC) in Sta. Rosa, Laguna. The study utilized the descriptive method of research. There are 82 respondents of the study. This investigation made use of a questionnaire checklist and semi structured interview. The quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Ethical protocol was employed in the study. Results showed that Solid waste management practices of the youth in terms of solid waste disposal is considered average and low in terms of reusing disposed solid wastes. Fresh air is ranked first based on the respondents’ knowledge on SWM practices to the environment and inadequate materials and facilities for solid waste management is the first problem encountered by the respondents. The New Sinai Schools and Colleges should come out with an action plan on solid waste management.
The Implementation of the Rationalization Program in Selected Schools Division Offices in Ilocos Sur
Authors: Marlette E. Tongson  , Joselito D. Dela Rosa
Published: July 2024

Evaluating the performances on the implementation of reform is very significant in the attainment of quality and excellence in Education. This study assessed the rationalization program's implementation in selected Schools Division Offices (SDO) in Ilocos Sur. It used descriptive-correlational method. Questionnaire checklist was the tool in gathering data to 391 respondents. Ethical protocols were considered in the conduct of the research. Frequency and percentage, weighted mean, and multiple regression were used to analyze the data gathered. Results show that respondents perceived an outstanding level of organizational change along vision/mission statement and structure; the level of administrative capability of the selected Schools Division Offices was very high; the level of implementation of the rationalization program in the selected Schools Division Offices in Ilocos Sur was high; the quality of service was outstanding; Change in vision/mission statement influenced the level of implementation of the rationalization program; leadership, personnel, and financial capabilities were found to be significant predictors of the level of implementation of the rationalization program; hiring, recruitment and promotion of personnel, education plans and policies, provision of instructional supervision, provision of technical assistance, allocation of equitable distribution of resources, and establishment of networks and linkages had a significant influence on the quality of service. Training may be implemented to sustain the outstanding level of administrative capability of personnel. Benchmarking with other offices’ best practices is encouraged. Personnel of the Schools Division Offices are encouraged to attend in-service training and are advised to avail the various graduate degree programs offered by SEAMEO INNOTECH, and Centers for Excellence in Teacher Education Institutions.
The Slip Casting Process in Ceramics Production
Authors: Victorino R. Ragasa  , George B. Amano
Published: July 2024

Slip casting in plaster molds is a basicprocess employed in quantity production of ceramic wares such as dinnerwares, art pottery and sanitary wares. The slip is clay in liquid formedafter sieving; before sieving, it is called snurry. The process is better suited to hollow wares rather than the flat wares. Slip casting makes possiblethe manufacture of extremely thin sections as in fine porcelain. It is also,used for producing massive sculptures and heavy sanitary wares.This paper describes the slip castingprocess as it is done at the Ceramics Research and Productivity Center of the University of Northern Philippines.
Ethnomedicinal Study of Plants in Ilocos Sur
Authors: Jessy C. Domingo
Published: July 2024

The documentation of indigenous knowledge on medicinal plants provides information on wider local use and future pharmaceutical applications. This study documented the ethnomedicinal uses of plants in selected communities in the first district of Ilocos Sur. Through surveys and interviews, 192 respondents aged 16 and above were asked to identify ethnomedicinal plants and their ethnomedicinal practices. A total of 66 ethnomedicinal plants were documented and used to treat 22 human ailments/diseases. The most widely employed mode of preparation is decoction and the most frequently employed mode of administration was the conventional way, followed by ethno-modern; and ethnomagico-religious. The age, education, and source of ethnomedicinal information of respondents significantly correlate with their ethnomedicinal practices. The study demonstrates that the selected communities of District 1, Ilocos Sur have a wide variety of plant species of medicinal significance. As evidenced by the respondents' source of ethnomedical information, their indigenous practice on the production and use of herbal medicine is still vast and diversified and is passed down through generations. Some of the plants on the list have already undergone testing for pharmaceutical applications and received recognition for their therapeutic advantages. The other plants on the list still have therapeutic potential that can be investigated. The findings can also be used as a basis for the creation of IEC materials on ethnomedicinal plants.
Production Management of Chichacorn Industry of Ilocos Sur
Authors: Katherine Alon
Published: July 2024

This study assessed the production management of the chichacorn industry in the province of Ilocos Sur, particularly the production process and the level of implementation of production activities. It used the descriptive-correlation method of research. Questionnaires and interviews were used to gather data for the respondents who were registered owners/producers and workers of the chichacorn industry in Ilocos Sur; supplemental data were gathered from DTI–Vigan City. All the chichacorn producers were on sole proprietorship with a capital of Php20,001-Php30,000 and annual sales of more than Php100,000. There is a very high implementation, production capability, purchasing of raw materials and ingredients, and quality standards. Years of operation in the industry have a bearing on purchasing raw materials and quality standards.
Ethnobotanical Value of Medicinal Plants Used in the Treatment of Dengue
Authors: Solita Evangeline S. Bañez
Published: July 2024

The researcher was motivated to conduct this study because, years ago, neighbors and relatives were diagnosed with dengue fever, and no medicine is yet solely prescribed for its treatment. The researcher wrote down what plants are used to treat dengue and how they are used. It listed the local and scientific names of the plants, the parts that were used, and the different ways to prepare, give, and use the plants. It included information on medicinal plants and their value to the patients and their families. Further, it identified the assistance given by the government to the patients. Qualitative methods using a semi-structured interview and focus group discussions were employed. The ethnobotanical survey was conducted in Caoayan, Ilocos Sur, in seven barangays. There were 152 interviewees. Actual visits were done in selected places where dengue occurred. Ethical protocols were employed. As for results, 17 medicinal plants were used to treat dengue. These are papaya, tawa-tawa, camote, malunggay, ampalaya, dalandan, broccoli, kahil, neem, ipil-ipil, baraniw, bayabas, cucumber, coconut, lemon, kalamansi, and mansanas. The first three were the most commonly used among the identified remedial plants. Patients said that after two to five days of using the medicinal plants, the patients’ platelets became better and later normalized. Sources of information about the efficacy of medicinal plants were relatives, friends, faith healers, rural folk, and nurses. It is recommended that papaya, tawa-tawa, camote, and malunggay leaves be used by dengue patients for a maximum of 3-5 days.
Disaster Preparedness Among Residents of Ilocos Sur
Authors: Jose C. Unciano  , Venerand F. dela Cruz  , Adora M. Velasco  , Manilyn J. Reotutar  , Gerard Gabriel P. Reotutar
Published: July 2024

This study determined the Disaster Preparedness of residents of Ilocos Sur, particularly in disaster-prone areas like the municipality of Bantay, Cabugao, Candon, Caoayan, Santa, and Sta. Cruz. The study made use of the descriptive-correlational method of research. Using the G power, a sample of 193 was chosen through purposive sampling. Results show that a great percentage of respondents are young, non-skilled workers, college graduates, have a meager income, live in a nuclear family, and are members of CARD Inc./PAGASA. The majority live in flood-prone areas, are female, married, and have no training or seminar. A great majority owned a permanent house. Different agencies support them with programs related to disaster preparedness. The respondents are knowledgeable and practice disaster preparedness and environment and personal practices. There is a significant relationship between the socio-demographic profile and the extent of practices on disaster preparedness along with environmental and personal practices but with an inverse relationship between sex and civil status. Knowledge of disaster is significantly related to the extent of disaster preparedness. It is recommended that the Provincial Disaster Risk Reduction Management Council, Local Government Units, and Non-Government Organizations should conduct regular training seminars and updates related to disaster preparedness for the Community, especially housewives for they usually left at home to man the house. The Academe should integrate disaster preparedness into the curriculum.
Predictors of Programming Abilities of Information Technology Students in UNP
Authors: Daryl V. Buen  , Norie T. Tactay  , Jennyfer D. Alasaas
Published: July 2024

Programming is one of the essential skills to be learned in the Information Technology curriculum. However, the subject is considered complicated and categorized as one of the biggest challenges in computing education. This paper is conducted to analyze and discuss the variables and limitations faced by students in learning programming. A survey of 100 University of Northern Philippines Information Technology students was achieved through questionnaires. The responses and views from the students were analyzed and investigated regarding their attitude toward learning programming. In the survey, the needs and concerns about the variables are highlighted and answered, leading to the inferences made and recommendations to enhance learning programming understanding, thus minimizing failure rates.
Effect of Centrifugation Speed and Time on the Blood Chemistry Values of Healthy Individuals
Authors: Ariel A. Lozano  , Wynona Jenn D. Malvar  , Bernard Adrian B. Mana  , Francis Alvin V. Mercado  , Marianne B. Queddeng  , Ariana Sariah Paris P. Tejano  , Carmela M. Florentino
Published: July 2024

Blood chemistry testing requires centrifugation as one of the crucial pre-analytical phases. Usual differences in the speed and time of centrifugation influence specimens to varying extents among laboratories. This prompted the researchers to ascertain the effects of varying centrifugation speeds and times on healthy individuals' blood chemistry values and reduce the centrifugation time attested by the World Health Organization (WHO). Blood specimens were collected from four healthy adults, centrifuged, and then analyzed using the VITROS 5600 Automated Machine. The dry chemistry principle was applied. Three sets of speed and time were applied (1) 3,500 RPM for 15 minutes (WHO recommended), (2) 3,750 RPM for 10 minutes, and (3) 4,000 RPM for 5 minutes. The parameters include Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS), Total Cholesterol (Total CHOLE), Creatinine (Crea), Sodium (Na), and Potassium (K). The results of the serum chemistry values have no significant difference between different speeds and times against the standard set by WHO and were found to be acceptable, normal, and close in range with each other. Therefore, these can be substituted for the WHO-recommended speed and time. The researchers forward the following recommendations: (1) tests should be conducted to respondents with comorbidities and to younger and older individuals; (2) conduct the tests in triplicates and consider using other methods and more participants should be considered; and; (3) consider lesser time in centrifugation.
Evaluation of Coral Reef Health Status in the Fish Sanctuary of San Esteban, Ilocos Sur
Authors: Jericho A. Mendoza  , Ash Lee R. Verzosa  , Antonio N. Ayop
Published: July 2024

Studies on corals are lacking in Ilocos Sur’s marine protected areas (MPAs), hindering management effort development. This study evaluated the health status of coral reefs in the San Esteban Fish Sanctuary. Hard coral cover, hard coral diversity in terms of Taxonomic Amalgamation Units (TAUs), and coral reef health status in terms of live coral coverage, algae coverage, sand coverage, and coral mortality index were measured in two sampling stations inside an over-a-decade-old fish sanctuary that does not have previous data on its coral reef health status. The Underwater Photo Transect (UPT) method was employed to take image samples subjected to the Coral Point Count with Excel extensions (CPCe) software for analysis. The study revealed that the coral reef in San Esteban Fish Sanctuary is in good condition with a hard coral cover of 30.0%, falls under Hard Coral Cover Category C, and a hard coral diversity of 16.8TAUs that falls under Diversity Category D. The fish sanctuary is also in a healthy condition based on excellent live coral coverage, algae coverage, sand coverage, and low coral mortality index. The two stations are more or less the same in terms of the aforementioned parameters. Overall, it is recommended to continuously strengthen the enforcement of the fish sanctuary to protect its coral reefs, measure other parameters that might impact and indicate coral reef health status, employ evaluations inside and outside MPAs in the province, and use high-resolution cameras during image sampling for more efficient analysis.
The Status of the Sports Development Program of a State University in Region 1
Authors: Chasen G. Almazan
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to determine the status of the Sports Development Program of the University of Northern Philippines for the Academic Year 2020-2021. It employed the descriptive correlational method of research. The data gathered were treated with the following tools: frequency count and percentage, weighted mean, ranking, and correlation analysis. Results revealed that overall, the UNP's Sports Development Program status is "Very Satisfactory." The performance of the teams was found to be significantly related to the status of the university's sports development program in terms of its implementation of strategies and techniques, support systems, benefits, incentives and awards, and competencies of coaches. The student-athletes face the challenges of balancing athletic and academic responsibilities. The following recommendations are forwarded: (1) All the Coaches and Trainers should be encouraged to improve their craft by attending relevant training; (2) Student athletes should also be able to excel not only in sports but also in academics; (3) The Sports Development should take necessary steps in improving the performance of the Teams in the competitions;  (4) The best practices of the high-performing HEIs should be adapted; (5) Mechanisms and action plans should address the problems and concerns of the respondents. (6) Year-round sports activities involving all the stakeholders should be conducted to strengthen linkages and promote health and wellness.
Literacy Needs of Cultural Communities in Ilocos Sur
Authors: Gertrudes C. Cabebe  , Concepcion B. Azares  , Mateo L. Cabanting
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to assess the literacy needs of the cultural communities in the province of Ilocos Sur. It also sought to determine the profile of the cultural communities in Ilocos Sur; the level of the existing services in the municipalities/locality in terms of education, health, nutrition, social, communication and technology transfer; the priority needs of the people for the upliftment of their literacy level; and the effect of demographic, sociocultural and economics factors to their literacy level. The assessment included those in the interior municipalities of Nagbukel, Burgos, Lidlidda, Banayoyo, San Emilio, Galimuyod, Salcedo, Del Pilar, Sigay, Quirino, Cervantes, Suyo, Alilem and Sugpon. There were 890 respondents coming from the above-mentioned communities whose ages range from 15-24 to 65 and above years old. Most of the respondents were married, majority came from the rural farm. Most of the respondents finished high school. In terms of occupation, agriculture and service jobs were the most represented. Majority belonged to the poverty line. The priority needs of the people in the cultural communities were categorized as follows: a) handicraft (bamboo/wood craft and basket weaving); b) post harvest facilities (rice mill, dryer and warehouse); and c) assistance from the government (free raw materials for training, provide financial assistance to trainees and open small scale industries in the barangays). The study showed a significant effect of the demographic, socio-cultural and economic factors to the literacy level of the respondents.For services catered to their cultural and literacy needs, the following were found: a) along education, all services were inadequate in Banayoyo, Burgos, Cervantes, Del Pilar, Sigay and Suyo and very inadequate in the municipalities ofNagbukel, Quirino, Salcedo and San Emilio; b) along health, all services were very inadequate in Burgos, Cervantes, Del Pilar, Nagbukel, Quirino, Salcedo, San Emilio and Sigay inadequate in the rest of the municipalities; c) nutrition needs were also inadequate in all municipalities except in San Emilio where these services were very inadequate; d) social services were also inadequate in all cultural communities; e) communication services and technology transfer were very inadequate in majority of the municipalities. It is strongly recommended in this study that government officials (local, municipal, and national) should take stride in providing and addressing the development of the people along all aspects: transportation and communication services should be provided to facilitate the flow ofwelfare services catered to the literacy needs of the people, as this appears to be the major cause of difficulty in providing them. And finally, similar studies, be made to findout further other relevant needs of the people concerned to help them materialize/actualize their potential capacities and resources.
The Throwing Process in Ceramic Production
Authors: Victoriano R. Ragasa  , Ronald Amano
Published: July 2024

Crafts acquired the aura of a foil to the modernist sensibility in art which has deeply evolved even to incestuous designs. In pottery, particularly, artists found an ideal instrument with which to undermine cultural values "found out" to be decadent. Pottery is to democratize the reach of art; it is securely rooted in popular culture, as against modernism's moonings in an inbred, "high" culture. Pottery also benefits from its deep mystical connections with oriental and ancient thought, something attractive to those disillusioned by the nihilism of western civilization. Pottery's idolized initial longings found enthusiastic reception among artists in such obscure places such as the Philippines. Forming pottery on wheel, called throwing was done by the early Egyptian and Greek potters. The wheel consisted of a flat rock turning on another rock with one hand, while the other hand, formed the clay. Today, the primitive stone-type wheel, but made ofwood, is used by barangay potters in the Philippines as they tum out rice pots, water jars and flower pots. Pottery studios, schools offering ceramics and industries are now using electric potters' wheel for convenience. Anyone who endeavors in practicing throwing will spend much time at the outset in mastering the centering, hollowing, raising and shaping before he attempts to produce wares. This paper describes the throwing process as it is done at the Ceramics Research and Productivity Center of the University ofNorthern Philippines.
Status of Abel Industry in the Province of Ilocos Sur
Authors: Franklyn T. Amistad  , Concepcion B. Azares
Published: July 2024

The study was conducted to determine the status ofthe abel industry in Ilocos Sur and investigate on the socio-economic conditions that could affect the viability of the industry. A total of 94 abel Iloko producers/weavers in the towns of Vigan, Caoayan, Bantay, Santa, and Santiago, Ilocos Sur were the respondents of this study. A questionnaire supplemented withinformal interview with the respondents was used in gathering the data. Frequencies, percentages, and means were used in the analysis of data. The average abel producer was 47 years old, finished Grade VI, and was engaged in the abel industry for 14 years. The respondents described the abel Iloko as attractively designed and colored, with improved texture, and versatile. Majority ofthe respondents couldproduce and sell thousands of table runners, hand towels, andpillow casesper week, but all the otherproducts (table covers, table napkins, blankets/bed covers, mosquito nets, dresses, furniture covers, curtains, bathrobes, uniforms, Kamisa de Tsino, andterno) - were done by order. They sold their products in their houses/weavingsites,in market stalls, and in nearby towns. Retailers, store owners, and wholesalers bought their products.The producers had an average monthly sales ofabel amounting toP33,403.76 which they claimed to be on status quo for three years. Theaverage respondent incurred monthly expenses of P29,148.44 for materials,P2,956.95 for wages of weavers, and P643.85 for transportation cost or atotal average monthly expense amounting to P32,749.24. This left theaverage producer/weaver a monthly net income ofP654.52 from his abelbusiness. This was not sufficient to support an average of four dependents, hence the other members of the family sought for other sources of income such as farming, hog raising, operating a small sari-sari store, vending, peddling, and carpentry.
Molluscan Soil Neutralizer
Authors: Mary Ann G. Lazo  , Solita Evangeline S. Bañez
Published: July 2024

The primary aim of this research work was to find out indigenous substances such as mollusk shells that could be utilized to neutralize the acidic soil brought about by acid rain. Specifically, it attempted to conduct qualitative chemical analysis on the presence of lime in the shells of mollusks such clams (ulya , Tag.), green mussels (tahong, Tag.) and oyster (talaba, Tag.) and to find out the effect of these shells on the vertical growth of eggplant. The pH value ofthe soil used was 5.8 which showed that the soil used was acidic. Three experiments were conducted where the soil was treated with pulverized shells of tahong, talaba and tulya. In the control treatment, no molluscan treatment was done on the soil; only water was applied. Three replications of the four experiments were done. Through the qualitative analysis conducted, it was found out that lime was present in the mollusk shells. Based on the data gathered, this lime could be used to neutralize the acidity of the soil as reflected by the difference in the vertical growths of eggplants grown in soil treated with talaba, tahong, and tulya shells as compared to those planted in the control. Soil treated with talaba produced the tallest eggplants, followed by the soil treated with tahong and tulya. Eggplants grown in the control treatment were the shortest.
The Antimicrobial Assay of Coumarins from Kakawate (Gliricidia sepium) Jacq. Kunth exWalph. Leaves against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli. and Trichophyton mentagrophytes
Authors: Alfredo R. Rabena  , Erna R. Cachola
Published: July 2024

To determine the active principle found in the leaves of kakawate (Gliricidia sepium) Jacq. Kunth. ex Walph., the kakawate leaves were soakedseparately in distilled water and petroleum ether. Pure compounds coumarins were isolated, characterized, and identified bymass spectroscopy (MS), ultra violet (UV) spectrophotometry, infra red (IR) spectrophotometry, proton (JH) and carbon 13 (13C) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Bioassay of the coumarins against microorganisms were tested against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Trichophyton mentagrophytes. The coumarins manifested antimicrobial index of 14.5 against the fungus Trichophyton mentagrophytes.
Stock Assessment of the Benthic Macroinvertebrates and Fish Resource of Mestizo River in Vigan, and Caoayan, Ilocos Sur
Authors: Petronila E. Florendo
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to list down the edible benthic macroinvertebrates and fish resource of Mestizo River in Metro Vgan, Ilocos Sur and assess their natural stocks from January to October 1999. This study also sought to find out the variation of three physical factors of the river, namely: pH, temperature, and salinity. Five sampling stations were established along the entire length of the river. Data on the benthic macroinvertebrates and fish resource were based on the weekly average catch per fishing effort of the fisher-respondents of this study. A representative sample of each species caught was taken for identification as to its common name, phylum,family, class, and gemus. Fifteen edible benthic macroinvertebrates were caught in Mestizo River. The twelve known species were distributed in two phyla, namely, Arthropoda and Mollusca, in three classes (Crustacea, Pelecypoda, and Gastropoda), and in eleven genera. Three macrobenthic species were still unknown as to their gemus classification. These macrobenthos were distributed in the river as follows: six species in Amianance, Vigan; three species in Pagpartian, Vigan; five species in Beddeng Laud, Vigan; six species in Cal-laguip, Caoayan; and nine species in Pandan, Caoayan. All the 23 edible fish species caught from Mestizo River belong to Phylum Chordata, Class Osteichthyes. Seventeen of them were distributed in general. The general of six species were still undetermined. Ofthe 23 fish species, none was caught at Amianance; 10 species at Pagpartian; nine species at Beddeng Laud; 13 species at Cal-lagip; and 11 species at Pandan. The water in the Mestizo River is basic as shown by a mean pH ranging from 7.1 to 7.39. The mean temperature readings of the surface water ranged from 26.76°C to 28.50C and the mean water salinity readings ranged from 1.0/oo to 4.1/oo. Data gathered indicate that the edible benthic macroinvertebrates and fish resource of the river are habitat-specific. Some are considered persistent species; others are seasonal.
Employment Status of the College of Business Administration and Accountancy Degree Program Graduates, Batches 1993-1997
Authors: Gudelio Generoso P. Pajarillo
Published: July 2024

The research was conducted to identify current employment of the graduates ofthe College ofBusiness Administration and Accountancy (CBAA) of the University of Northern Philippines (UNP), Vigan, Ilocos Sr. The study covered 392 graduatesfrom 1993-1997 of the following degreeprograms: BSBA-Accounting, Banking and Finance, Cooperative Management, Entrepreneurship, Management, and Management Accounting. Findings showed that majority of the graduates were employed for one year and below in different instutiors (private sector, governmentinstitution, banking institution, and cooperatives) and most of them occupied rank andfile positions. Some of them had ventured into their own businesswhile some ofthem went abroadwithHongKong, Taiwan and Singapore as popular destinations. A significant number of graduates remained unemployed Based on the findings of the study, the following recommendations were formulated: 1) the college should frequently and continuously upgrade and update the curricula of the different programs, integrating the latest trends and developments in the industries; 2) the college must also carefully evaluate the degree programs if they are still relevant to the needs of the different industries; and 3) a supply and demand study must be conducted as a follow-up to find out what businesses and industries would be willing to absorb the CBAA graduates. Such study would then identify what programs needed upgrading in order to meet the human resource requirements of the different industries.