bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A method for time-varying analysis of YouTube search results and related videos: The case of the war in Ukraine
Authors: Bastos dos Santos João Guilherme
Published: August 2023

The increasing relevance of platformization sheds light on the role of algorithms in filtering political content, profiling audiences and defining the rules for the competition between traditional outlets and new content creators online. More importantly, algorithms learn and adapt results based on users’ activities online. But, if algorithms learn over time, how to deal with this time-varying dynamic when analysing them? The present paper brings a method for analysing YouTube search ranking and related video algorithm results over time, applied to a corpus of 1346 videos related to the war in Ukraine connected through 7934 related video links, starting on 21st November and stopping on 5th December. Results show that YouTube search and related video algorithms differ considerably in their behaviours, considering the channels and video clusters they benefited over time. It could be a dangerous bias to focus solely on one of the algorithms or presume its functioning based on collections made after – and not during – the political events they influenced. More than a matter of choosing methods, to understand how algorithms are changing the network structure of the current public sphere, it is important to develop new ones.
Highway engineering and land use change in peri-urban Nairobi: Assessing inclusive development outcomes for host communities in the Northern Bypass corridor
Authors: Gateri Catherine W , K’Akumu OA
Published: August 2023

This article looks at the socio-environmental consequences of highway development on host communities in one of Nairobi’s peri-urban corridors. It is inspired by the fact that whereas governmental decision makers have supported highway development by arguing that such construction promotes economic growth and development, decreases traffic congestion, increases travel safety, assists in the more efficient use of existing roads, reduces poverty and improves the environment, this argument is usually pitched at the national or sub-national level thereby ignoring local community interests. Therefore, the study focused on the local socio-economic transformations that are taking place along the corridor as a result of the highway development. Such fundamental transformations occasioned by the road are often not captured in the pre-project impact evaluation documents. In this context, the study found that the construction of the road positively increased accessibility; however, improved accessibility led to land value increases and gentrification. Other effects of road development are land use change and loss of livelihoods, production of inequalities and densification. The study recommends incorporation of ex-post monitoring programs in project development to help mitigate the negative impacts on vulnerable members of the host communities who may suffer in the pursuit of the national development.
Unilateral non-lesional temporal lobe epilepsy presenting as isolated ictal vertigo: a case report
Authors: Tsai Chih-Hung , Chen Tsang-Shan , Lai Ming-Chi , Huang Chin-Wei
Published: August 2023

Temporal lobe epilepsy is the most common focal epilepsy syndrome and has a broad spectrum of presentations. Nevertheless, isolated vestibular symptoms without other symptoms typical of temporal lobe seizures are relatively rare. Here, we report one female patient who suffered from chronic refractory vertigo and had inappropriate pharmacotherapy for several years. Eventually, epileptic vertigo and dizziness (ictal vertigo) were accurately diagnosed by detailed history taking and serial examinations assisted by sphenoid electroencephalography. Awareness of this unique syndrome is important in the diagnosis of patients with epileptic vertigo and dizziness.
The role of academic libraries in facilitating friendships among students
Authors: Adetayo Adebowale Jeremy , Adekunmisi Sowemimo Ronke , Otonekwu Florence Onyeisi , Adesina Olabisi Fadeke
Published: August 2023

This study investigates the role of academic libraries in fostering friendships among students. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data in a cross-sectional research design, which was then analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results show that although the library may not be the primary location where students make their closest or long-lasting friends, it is still a place where they can develop acquaintances and close friendships because it provides a conducive environment for making friends and easy communication. Library personnel are perceived as friendly individuals, and students often visit the library to use school computers to meet new people and learn more about friendship through library books. However, the quietness of libraries is a significant obstacle to making friends, along with the preference of library users for reading over socializing. The study concludes that students who often make new friends in the library and make long-lasting friends in the library are likely to arrange and participate in informal gatherings with friends in the library. The study recommends that libraries find ways to create social spaces while also maintaining a quiet study environment; organize social events, book clubs and other activities that promote interaction among students; and offer resources on the topic of friendship to help students learn more about this critical aspect of their lives.
Sexual Orientation and Race Intersectionally Reduce the Perceived Gendered Nature of Normative Stereotypes in the United States
Authors: Hudson Sa-kiera T. J. , Ghani Asma
Published: August 2023

There is substantial research on the nature of gender prescriptive and proscriptive stereotypes. However, there has been relatively little work on whether these normative stereotypes are equally attributed to men and women of different identities. Across two studies (total N = 928), we assessed the extent to which stereotypes are prescribed and proscribed for men and women of different sexual orientations (Study 1) and races (Study 2) in the United States. We asked participants to rate the desirability of possessing 70 traits based on an “average American.” Although results showed the persistence of gender normative stereotypes in society, the normative nature of these stereotypes was influenced by sexual orientation and race. There was strong evidence of a heterocentric bias, as normative stereotypes of generic men and women most closely aligned with those of straight men and women. There was weaker evidence of a Eurocentric bias. Furthermore, observed gender differences in normative stereotypes were significantly smaller for sexually- and racially-minoritized targets compared to straight and White targets. These findings combined suggest that the practices and policies that attempt to address gender inequality might not be as effective for people with multiply-marginalized identities that face distinctly different patterns of normative pressures. Online slides for instructors who want to use this article for teaching are available on PWQ's website at https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/suppl/10.1177/03616843231187851 .
A Radiostereometric Analysis of Tendon Migration After Arthroscopic and Mini-Open Biceps Tenodesis: Interference Screw Versus Single Suture Anchor Fixation
Authors: Forsythe Brian , Patel Harsh H. , Berlinberg Elyse J. , Forlenza Enrico M. , Okoroha Kelechi R. , Williams Brady T. , Yanke Adam B. , Cole Brian J. , Verma Nikhil N.
Published: August 2023

Background:

Studies suggest that similar clinical results are achieved via arthroscopic and open biceps tenodesis (BT) techniques.

Purpose:

To quantify the postoperative migration of the BT construct between arthroscopic suprapectoral BT (ASPBT) and open subpectoral BT (OSPBT) techniques via interference screw (IS) or single-suture suture anchor (SSSA) fixation using radiostereometric analysis.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2.

Methods:

Distal migration of the biceps tendon after OSPBT with a polyetheretherketone IS, OSPBT with 1 SSSA, ASPBT with polyetheretherketone IS, and ASPBT with 2 SSSAs was measured prospectively. Patients with symptomatic biceps tendinopathy and preoperative patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) including Constant-Murley subjective, Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation, or Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System–Upper Extremity scores were included. A tantalum bead was sutured on the proximal end of the long head of the biceps tendon before fixation of tendon tissue. Anteroposterior radiographs were performed immediately postoperatively, at 1 week, and at 3 months. Bead migration was measured, and preoperative PROMs were compared with those at latest follow-up.

Results:

Of 115 patients, 94 (82%) were available for final follow-up. IS fixation yielded the least tendon migration with no difference between the open and arthroscopic approaches (4.31 vs 5.04 mm; P = .70). Fixation with 1 suture anchor demonstrated significantly greater migration than that achieved with an IS at both 1 week (6.47 vs 0.1 mm, 6.47 vs 1.75 mm, P < .001;) and 3 months (14.76 vs 4.31 mm, 14.76 vs 5.04 mm, P < .001) postoperatively. Two-suture anchor fixation yielded significantly greater migration than IS fixation at 1 week (7.02 vs 0.1 mm, P < .001; 7.02 vs 1.75 mm, P = .003) but not 3 months postoperatively (8.06 vs 4.31 mm, P = .10; 8.06 vs 5.04 mm, P = .07). Four patients with suture anchor fixation (3 patients in the OSPBT 1 SSSA group, 9.4%, and 1 patient in the ASPBT 2 SSSAs group, 3.8%) developed a Popeye deformity, whereas no Popeye deformities occurred in the IS groups. Mean 3-month bead migration in patients with and without a Popeye deformity was 60.8 and 11.2 mm, respectively ( P < .0001). PROMs did not differ among groups at final follow-up.

Conclusion:

Interference screw fixation yielded the least tendon migration whether achieved arthroscopically or open. The available data indicated that fixation with 1 SSSA but not 2 SSSAs resulted in significantly greater migration than that achieved with an IS. Despite variations in tendon migration, PROMs were similar among all groups. When SSSAs are used, tendon migration may be minimized by using ≥2 anchors.
The Hispanic Outreach: Network Analysis of a Community-Based Policing Program in South Los Angeles
Authors: Gascón Daniel
Published: August 2023

This article examines the nature, movement, and controversies of the information flowing through a Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) community-based program in a predominantly Latino migrant neighborhood of South Los Angeles known as ‘the Hispanic Outreach’ (HO). Combining Actor-Network and Critical Race theories enables me to examine the world of police and Latino civilians through the groups, social actions, facts, and objects that compose it, as one single, unified set of interwoven associations and processes. Findings show that the HO claims to serve the public’s interests in safety in high crime environments but instead stirs local interracial conflict and Latino residents’ fears over questions of citizenship, belonging, and access to resources, and deepens state penetration into communities it deems as racial threats. I show how networks are state tools that reproduce and reinforce racial power and situate these findings within the field of Critical Sociology, particularly the areas of policing and Latino studies. And this article ends with a discussion of several potential research directions.
Preparation and properties of aminated MXene cross-linked polyimide aerogels
Authors: Liu Hansong , Ma Xiaoyi , Wang Kai , Zhong Xiangyu , Bao Jianwen
Published: August 2023

Polyimide (PI) aerogels with excellent properties have received a lot of attention, and the use of nanoparticles to improve the properties of aerogels has been investigated in the last few years. In this work, aminated functionalized MXene nanoparticles were successfully prepared as a cross-linking agent as well as an inorganic reinforcing phase, homogeneously embedded in PI aerogels, to synthesize a new PI composite aerogel. The results show that m-MXene can act as a cross-linking point to effectively maintain the network structure, which further improves the dimensional stability and compressive modulus. These PI composite aerogels have a high specific surface area, low density, low shrinkage and excellent mechanical properties.
Torque control of a wheeled humanoid robot with dual redundant arms
Authors: Sulaiman Shifa , Sudheer AP , Magid Evgeni
Published: August 2023

Most of conventional controllers are prone to consume more computational time for controlling a wheeled humanoid robot. A nonlinear trajectory control of a wheeled humanoid robot using a model-based controller with less computational load and energy consumption is presented in this article. The upper body of the humanoid robot consists of two 6 degrees of freedom redundant arms, a three degrees of freedom torso and a two degrees of freedom neck. The nonholonomic mobile platform consists of two actuated wheels and two caster wheels. Nonlinearity of the robot dynamic model and coupling between various branches of the upper body are taken into account. The dynamic model derived using Newton–Euler approach along with decoupled Natural Orthogonal Complement matrix approach is used to derive dynamic equations of the upper body and the wheeled platform. Zero moment point based stability approach is used for verifying stable motion of the wheeled humanoid robot with minimum energy and time consumption to complete a task. The proposed computed torque controller is compared with other similar controllers developed for the same robot model to prove advantages of the proposed torque controller. Simulation results are experimentally validated with the real robot.
Analysing the Impact of Perceived Risk, Trust and Past Purchase Satisfaction on Repurchase Intentions in Case of Online Grocery Shopping in India
Authors: Gupta Upasana , Kumar Naveen
Published: August 2023

The Indian online grocery market has been propelling since last few years. The size of online grocery market in 2020 was estimated as $2.9 billion and it is further anticipated to reach at the compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 37.1% during 2021 to 2028. Companies such as Amazon, Flipkart grocery, BigBasket, Grofers and Jiomart have been coming up with new attractions for consumers such as providing timely no contact delivery, accepting various digital modes of payment and offering several discounts which have fascinated consumers towards buying their regular grocery from various online platforms. Corona virus has also fuelled up the safety concerns of people; due to which a large section of the citizens are working from home and are dependent on the online platform for various purposes including grocery shopping. This has provided several growth opportunities to the online grocery market. This research investigates about the purchase behaviour of customers towards online grocery shopping. The study aims to understand the purchase behaviour of e-grocery shoppers of India and to examine the association between satisfactions with online purchase, trust on online grocers, perceived risk and online repurchase intention of grocery items. The study uses primary data collected from 555 online grocery buyers. The findings of the study indicate that online customer satisfaction is a significant factor that influences repurchase intentions of online grocery shopping. Perceived risk negatively influence trust as well as repurchase intentions. Trust is found to be a mediating factor between shopping satisfaction and repurchase intentions. The study also builds and tests an online customer behavioural model with actual purchasing behaviour and identifies the continued presence of perceived risk, shopping satisfaction and trust in grocery e-retailing.
Understanding Eating Disorders in Children and Adolescent Population
Authors: Ram Jai R. , Shelke Swati B.
Published: August 2023

Eating disorders (EDs) are increasingly recognized in children and adolescents. Anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) are less common in children and adolescents than adults, but both disorders can occur in this age group. Binge-eating disorder (BED) is the most common ED in children and adolescents and is more prevalent in females than males. EDs may present differently in children and adolescents than in adults, and parents or caregivers may be the first to notice changes in eating patterns or body weight. Diagnostic criteria for EDs in children and adolescents include disturbances in eating behavior, weight or shape concerns, and significant distress or impairment in social, academic, or occupational functioning.

Multidisciplinary approaches are recommended for treating EDs in children and adolescents, including medical management, nutritional counseling, and psychological interventions. Evidence-based treatments for AN and BN include family-based therapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and interpersonal psychotherapy. Cognitive-behavioral therapy and interpersonal psychotherapy are recommended for children and adolescents with BED. Hospitalization may be necessary in severe cases.

Early identification and intervention are crucial for improving treatment outcomes and reducing the risk of long-term complications. Treatment approaches should be tailored to developmental and cultural needs and involve a multidisciplinary team. Continued research is needed to improve early detection, prevention strategies, and treatments for this vulnerable population. EDs in children and adolescents are a significant public health concern that can have serious physical and psychological consequences. It is important for healthcare providers and caregivers to be aware of the signs and symptoms of EDs in young people and to seek prompt and appropriate treatment
Effect of Governance Practice on Firm Value: Governance Professionals’ Perception Study
Authors: N Azhaguraja , Deo Malabika , Thiyagarajan S.
Published: August 2023

This paper investigates the effect of governance practice on firm value. The extent of corporate governance practice being influenced by the firm value of the company is assessed. Adopting a descriptive research design, primary data were collected from 650 governance professionals. To identify the factors of corporate governance, the exploratory factor analysis technique is used, and to assess the effect of governance practice on firm value, structural equation modelling is applied. The results of the study conclude that there exist significant effects of governance attributes on firm value.
Digital Media and Women’s Political Participation in India
Authors: Raj Shipra
Published: August 2023

Digital platforms have opened up new avenues of political participation for women across the globe, including India. The digital media facilitated by the Internet has revolutionised the social and political landscape. It is argued that digital tools like social media platforms have democratised women’s political participation in India. The digital platforms have provided accessibility to women to raise their voices on these platforms through social and political mobilisation as well as community building. Cyberspace has offered newer forms of participation for women in India. From Nisha Susan-led Pink Chaddi campaign in 2009 to another women-led movement, #MeToo, which gained momentum in 2018, women in India have utilised the digital space to raise their voices against sexual violence, oppression and gender-based discrimination. Building on the large scholarship on media, democracy and participation, in this article, I look at how digital media has offered newer forms of political participation in India. Looking at the wide literature on this subject, I also discuss how digital media has led to the construction of feminist counter-publics in India. It is not that digital media has only offered the spaces to women to counter or challenge the dominant discourse; these spaces have also become hotbeds of trolling and online harassment.
Be careful what you ask for: The European Court of Justice's EAW jurisprudence meets the Catalan secession crisis and the European rule of law crisis in Puig Gordi and others, C-158/21, EU:C:2023:57
Authors: Solanes Mullor Joan
Published: August 2023

Puig Gordi and others, a consequence of the Europeanization of the Catalan secession crisis, is another case in the constant evolution of the Court of Justice of the European Union's (CJEU) case law on the European Arrest Warrant (EAW). To this judicial cooperation mechanism of an automatic nature, the CJEU has gradually incorporated the evaluation of fundamental rights as an integral part of its nature. This incorporation has been needed even more in the context of the rule of law crisis. In the particular case, the CJEU guides the application of the two-step test only on the possible violation of the fundamental right to a court established by law but does not express guidelines regarding other possible violations. Problems in the drawing of the preliminary reference explains the CJEU's lack of a complete answer, which may create uncertainty for the parties involved as to how the EAW should be executed in the particular case.
Guidelines and treatment for illicit drug related presentations in emergency departments: A scoping review
Authors: Au Ruby Tszwai , Hotham Elizabeth , Suppiah Vijayaprakash
Published: August 2023

Objective

This review aimed to identify current pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment employed in emergency departments (EDs) for the management of patients presenting with illicit drug-related presentations (IDP) and compare current treatments with recommendations provided in guidelines.

Method

The review consists of English peer-reviewed journal articles and grey literature published in electronic databases: Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase Classic+Embase, Ovid Emcare and APA PsycInfo between 2015 and 2022.

Results

Twelve studies were identified from the search, with agitation and aggression being the most common presentations, and cannabis being the most prevalent illicit drug. Ventilatory support and restraints were the most reported non-pharmacological interventions while benzodiazepines and antipsychotics were the most commonly prescribed pharmacological agents. Non-coercive de-escalation strategies were recommended in all guidelines, with verbal de-escalation being the initial approach before other interventions, such as medications and restraints. However, de-escalation strategies were not reported in any studies.

Conclusions

Pharmacological interventions for patients with IDP and related symptoms were in accordance with guidelines. Use of restraints was identified in included studies with notable lack of reporting of de-escalation strategies which may have been deemed insignificant and not reported. Future research could investigate the appropriateness of restrictive interventions as well as the employment of non-restrictive de-escalation strategies.
Re-Envisioning Public Safety Through an Embedded Police Social Worker (PSW) Model: A Promising Approach for Multidisciplinary Resource Delivery and Diversion
Authors: Ban Caroline Conrad , Riordan Julia Elizabeth
Published: August 2023

Cities across the political spectrum in the United States are shifting toward co-responder models that involve social workers with police departments in some capacity, but research is lagging about the proper role of police social workers (PSWs). This case study explores how the micro and macro roles of the embedded PSW model can improve resource delivery and divert people in crisis away from the criminal justice system. Few research studies to date have explored the role and potential effectiveness of creating such a position within police departments. An analysis of 7 months of data found that the PSW was much more efficient than officers in making referrals for high-needs clients. Furthermore, high-needs clients were more likely to have unmet basic needs such as shelter, food, and health care, indicating that police departments may frequently interact with people who have high levels of such needs. Qualitative case notes also revealed that PSWs can divert individuals from the criminal justice system by using crisis intervention and de-escalation techniques on-scene with clients. This research has important implications for improving community safety and well-being, and this case study reveals that PSWs with micro and macro skills are a promising model for improving public safety and justice in the right context.
Forecasting Future Crime Rates
Authors: Rosenfeld Richard , Berg Mark
Published: August 2023

Despite its importance for testing criminological theories and informing crime control policy, forecasting crime rates has all but disappeared from criminology. We argue for a resurgence of crime forecasting in the study of crime trends. As an example of the value, as well as the challenges, of forecasting, we engage in a forecasting exercise based on data from New York City. We discuss each of the steps taken to forecast New York’s violent and property crime rates to 2024, from preparing the data for reliable analysis, specifying the forecasting model, selecting the forecasting method, and validating the results. The results of autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) forecast models show a rise in New York’s violent and property crime rates in 2022 and 2023 before flattening in 2024. Renewed attention to forecasting can help to secure the future of the study of crime trends.
CLEFT RR- New app to Calculate Recurrence Risk in Cleft lip and Palate
Authors: Lacerda Rosa Helena Wanderley , Mendonça Alice Castro G. , Laurentino Rebeca Andrade , Furtado Paulo Germano Cavalcanti , Filgueiras Vitor Marques , Filgueiras Fernanda Maria Bezerra , Bezerra Luan Carlos da Silva , Vieira Alexandre Rezende
Published: August 2023

Objective

To describe the Cleft Recurrence Risk (Cleft RR) App, designed to be used on genetic counseling for cleft lip and/ or palate.

Design

A validation study, single cohort.

Setting

Tertiary care children's Hospital.

Patients, Participants

The manual obtained the results of 100 cases undergoing genetic counseling at the cleft lip and palate treatment center.

Interventions

The application for genetic counseling for cleft lip and/ or palate is designed to calculate quickly the recurrence risk considering the ancestry, cleft type, sex, and family history and thus encourage the implementation of genetic counseling in cleft lip and palate centers around the world.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

The data were submitted to the Bland-Altman statistics.

Results

After defining parameters the application development follows the steps: development, prototyping, and documentation. The validation of the calculated data was performed by comparing the results of 100 cases undergoing genetic counseling at the cleft lip and palate treatment center obtained by the manual method with the results obtained by the mobile app method; the data were submitted to the Bland-Altman statistics and a high concordance was found.

Conclusions

The mobile app for use by healthcare professionals proved to be simple to use, easy to apply, and provided accurate results. Cleft Recurrence Risk is an application for smartphones developed for genetic counseling in cleft lip and palate, supplementary use by health professionals, and should not replace professional performance.
Multidimensional Approaches Employed by School Administrators in Promoting Sports Through Appropriating Fund
Authors: Simwanza Alfa , Mabagala Stephen
Published: August 2023

Fund as part of resources acts as a great pillar towards implementing sports activities in school. The aim of this study was to determine the role of secondary school administrators in appropriating fund for sports. The research was informed by a multiple embedded case study of a qualitative research approach. The findings revealed that school administrators play a crucial role to secure funds with the use of different strategies of getting funds to ensure the execution of sports activities; appropriated funds are from the capitation grants from the government, school self-reliance projects, personal contributions from head of schools and management team, contributions from sponsors and non-governmental institutions as well as support from the community members. The study implies that school administrators should ensure appropriate deployment of the received money from the government, sponsors, and other sports stakeholders as well as having effective mechanism of purchasing fund and make evaluation on the uses of fund received. Additionally, school administrators should be more creative on organizing different sports events, preparing different forums, and request fund support for sports activities.
Brief Report: Does the Number of Response Options Matter for the BFI-2? Conceptual Replication and Extension
Authors: Rakhshani Andrew , Donnellan M. Brent , Roberts Brent W. , Lucas Richard E.
Published: August 2023

We evaluated how the number of response options affects the psychometric properties of the Big Five Inventory-2 (BFI-2). Using two large samples collected from a market research company ( Ns = 893 and 1,213), we tested how different response options of the BFI-2 influenced scale score distributions, internal consistency estimates, convergent validity correlations, and criterion validity correlations. Results suggest that score distributions were impacted by the number of response options such that ceiling and floor effects were more common when using two or three response options than when using more options. Estimates of Cronbach’s alpha were generally lower with fewer scale points as compared with more scale points, but these effects disappeared when ordinal alpha was used. There were no systematic effects of response options on convergent validity and criterion validity correlations. Given these results, there seems to be few psychometric reasons for deciding whether to administer personality items with five, six, or seven scale points.
Enhanced dynamic performance of a half-vehicle system using inerter-based nonlinear energy sink
Authors: Wang Yong , Xu Bingbing , Dai Jianguo , Chen Li-Qun
Published: August 2023

An inerter is introduced in the traditional nonlinear energy sink (NES) to replace its mass and constitutes the novel inerter-based nonlinear energy sink (INES). The INES combines the mass amplification effect of the inerter and the vibration dissipation effect of the NES, which satisfies the lightweight design requirement and further mitigates the vibration of the main structure. Here, the INES is applied in the half-vehicle system to investigate its dynamic performance both in the vertical and pitching directions. The dynamic model of the half-vehicle system coupled with INES is established, the harmonic balance method (HBM) and pseudo arc length method (PALM) is used to obtain its dynamic response under road harmonic excitation. The corresponding dynamic performance under road harmonic and shock excitations is evaluated using six performance indices, which considers the vertical and pitching vibrations of the vehicle body, suspension deflection, and road holding; the vibration suppression effect of the INES and traditional NES is compared. The results show that the traditional NES can enhance the dynamic performance of the half-vehicle system slightly at the cost of a very large mass, which violates the vehicles’ lightweight design and cannot be realized in the practical engineering. For road harmonic excitation, using the INES can obtain a better dynamic performance for the front and rear suspension deflections, front and rear dynamic tire loads, vehicle body vertical acceleration in high vehicle velocity, while the vehicle body pitching acceleration is larger. For road shock excitation, applying the INES can improve the shock performance for the front and rear suspension deflections, front and rear dynamic tire loads, while the peak values of the vehicle body vertical and pitching accelerations are larger. Therefore, the INES integrates the benefits of the inerter and NES and provides a new vibration attenuation device design in the vehicle engineering.
Access to Health Care for Transgender and Gender-Diverse Adults in Urban and Rural Areas in the United States
Authors: MacDougall Hannah , Henning-Smith Carrie , Gonzales Gilbert , Ott Austen
Published: August 2023

The objective of this study is to examine access to care based on gender identity in urban and rural areas, focusing on transgender and gender diverse (TGD) populations. Data on TGD ( n = 1,678) and cisgender adults ( n = 403,414) from the 2019 to 2020 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System were used. Outcome measures were four barriers to care. We conducted bivariate and multivariable logistic regressions to assess associations between access, rurality, and gender identity. Bivariate results show that TGD adults were significantly more likely to experience three barriers to care. In multivariable models, TGD adults were more likely to delay care due to cost in the full sample (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 2.00, p < .001), rural subsample (AOR: 2.14, p < .01), and urban subsample (AOR: 1.97, p < .01). This study revealed greater barriers to care for TGD adults, with the most frequent barriers found among rural TGD adults. Increased provider awareness and structural policy changes are needed to achieve health equity for rural TGD populations.
The Drivers and Consequences of Ad Blocking: A Self-Filtering Mechanism That Increases Ad Effectiveness
Authors: de Haan Evert
Published: August 2023

A growing group of consumers uses ad-blocking software, preventing advertisers from reaching them and resulting in a loss of ad revenue for publishers. Ways to resolve this issue include blocking these users, disguising ads, or paying the developer of the ad blocker so that ads will not be blocked. The question is to what extent these solutions are effective and desired. This study uses an experimental setup followed by an extensive survey to answer this question. The findings show that, when banner ads are forced on ad blocker users, these users (vs. ad blocker nonusers) spend 10%–20% less time on the web page, evaluate the website as worse, and pay less attention to the banners, while the ads are 190% more effective for ad blocker nonusers. Thus, ad blocking serves as a self-filtering mechanism that filters out consumers who are less responsive to advertising. Ad blockers thus help advertisers target the right consumers and increase the value of the remaining ad slots for publishers. Moreover, ad blocker users are more likely to pay for ad-free content, offering publishers an alternative business model for these consumers.
Police Use of TASER: Multi-Level Predictors of Firing and Drawing in One-to-One Use of Force Incidents
Authors: Dymond Abi , Boyd Katharine A. , Quinton Paul
Published: August 2023

Using multi-level modelling, this article analyses data from 16 police agencies in England and Wales where one officer, carrying TASER, used force on one member of the public (N = 11,176). When compared to incidents involving handcuffing only, resistance, gender and mental health status of the member of the public and the need to protect officers or others were associated with increased odds of TASER drawing and firing. Incidents involving lone officers increased odds of firing compared to incidents where they were accompanied by an officer not using force. Compared to the White reference category, incidents involving Black/Black British members of the public, or a male officer, were associated with increased odds of drawing compared to handcuffing. Incidents involving Asian/Asian British members of the public, or children, were associated with decreased odds. As the proportion of incidents where TASER was carried increased, odds of use decreased.
Experimental research on the non-uniform wear of the carbon strip of the metro pantograph
Authors: Luo Xu , Cai Cheng , Yang Hongjuan , Mei Guiming , Gao Chang , Liu Weiping , Yang Dongsheng
Published: August 2023

The present study simulated the actual contact conditions between the catenary and pantograph of a metro line using high-speed ring block current that carried friction and wear testers, from which the uneven wear of the pantograph carbon strip under different working conditions was studied. The results show that the arc power, friction coefficient, and wear amount will change correspondingly with increasing current and normal load. Additionally, all carbon strips showed non-uniform wear after the test, and the edge erosion and wear depth of the carbon strip perpendicular to the moving direction were higher than those in the middle part. The ablation of the back end of the carbon strip running with the catenary was higher than that of the front end.
Coordination of complementary tourism supply through a destination card: The pursuit of profitability in the presence of a foreign tour operator
Authors: Álvarez-Albelo Carmen D. , Martínez-González José Alberto
Published: August 2023

A destination card has been widely used by destination management organizations to coordinate the complementary tourism supply. Such coordination, which involves pricing a destination card, is challenging when a foreign tour operator is present. Though the literature shows that cooperative pricing between a destination management organization and a tour operator increases total profits, the most advantageous profit sharing for a destination has not been addressed. With a theoretical model of base and add-on products, this paper identifies the arrangement between a public destination management organization and a foreign tour operator that will accrue the highest profits for a destination. It is found that the most profitable option for a destination is a cooperative agreement in which the foreign tour operator is offered the same profits as a price leader under non-cooperation. This result comes from the fact that non-cooperation entails an unstable situation in which the tour operator is not willing to relinquish price leadership. The findings are of practical interest to help achieve economic sustainability in tourism destinations that rely on foreign tour operators and seek to coordinate their complementary tourism supply.
Evaluating the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness of tele-comprehensive behavior therapy for tics (teleCBIT) for Tourette syndrome in youth and adults
Authors: Capriotti Matthew R , Wellen Brianna CM , Young Brianna N , Himle Michael B , Conelea Christine A , Espil Flint M , Simpson Heather , Mathews Carol A
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Comprehensive behavioral intervention for tics (CBIT) is an efficacious, first-line treatment for Tourette syndrome (TS) and other chronic or persistent tic disorders. However, CBIT's public health impact has been limited by suboptimal treatment access. Preliminary research has shown that providing CBIT over videoconference (teleCBIT) is a promising delivery method for patients who cannot access in-person care. However, extant studies have been small efficacy trials focused only on pediatric patients. Replication of these studies is needed in additional treatment settings and across a wider age range of patients, especially in light of advances in telehealth technology and increasing telehealth adoption among practitioners.

Methods

We conducted a single-arm trial to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of teleCBIT embedded in comprehensive, medical tic specialty clinics. From October 2016 to September 2018, patients were offered teleCBIT at their usual care appointments. Those who were interested and met inclusion/exclusion criteria received 8 sessions of CBIT guided by a manualized protocol. An independent evaluator, masked to treatment progress, administered assessments at baseline, post-treatment, and 3 and 6 months after treatment.

Results

Twenty-five percent of patients who were offered treatment initiated teleCBIT through the study, and all treatment initiators completed treatment. From pre- to post-treatment, decreases in Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS) total tic severity scores showed a large effect size among pediatric patients ( n = 19; t = 5.72, P < 0.001, d = 1.31) and a medium-to-large effect size for adult patients ( n = 10, t = 1.41, P = 0.096, d = 0.664). Thirteen of 19 pediatric patients (68%) and 6 of 10 adult patients (60%) had a positive global treatment response at post-treatment. Patients rated the treatment as highly satisfactory. Ninety-three percent of sessions were free of substantial technical problems.

Discussion

Within the context of medical tic specialty clinics, teleCBIT demonstrated strong evidence of feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness comparable to in-person treatment for both pediatric and adult patients. TeleCBIT warrants study in future research on enhancing care systems for patients with TS.

Trial registry

https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/keydates/NCT04007913
Preponderance, proportionality, stepwise liability
Authors: Tuzet Giovanni , Esposito Fabrizio
Published: August 2023

After comparing the preponderance and proportional approaches to adjudication by considering some cases susceptible to being decided in either way, the work develops an in-depth discussion of Lavie's stepwise approach, and points out some major concerns that it poses, namely concerns about conceptual resources, methodology and matters of principle. As to conceptual resources, the work addresses and clarifies what Lavie means by ‘probability’ and ‘gradually increasing steps’; on methodology, it observes that reliance on Beckerian deterrence in this context is not convincing due to its reductionist motivational focus, which has also been challenged empirically by behavioural studies, and to its dismissal of the institutional function of trials; on matters of principle, finally, the work claims that the fundamental changes in the jural positions of claimant and defendant raise very high concerns in terms of the right to a fair trial.
Photogrammetry-based bending monitoring and load identification of steel truss structures
Authors: Wang Jin-Tao , Liu Yu-Fei , Liu Xiao-Gang , Yue Qing-Rui , Nie Jian-Guo
Published: August 2023

The bending of steel truss structures is an important gauge for detecting, identifying, and evaluating potential issues with structural safety performance. The limitations and high cost of traditional monitoring methods make it challenging to carry out stable long-term monitoring. Therefore, this paper developed a displacement monitoring system for steel truss structures which fulfill the requirements of having low cost, high stability, and ease of operation. The system is based on the improved sub-pixel positioning technology, achieving precise positioning in unfavorable conditions such as long structure-camera distance, angle skew, and dim light. Then, this system was calibrated through field experiment and compared with other measurement systems. Finally, a load identification method was developed to identify discrepancies between the true load and the design load. This method uses optimization functions to identify the true load applied in the experiment, and the optimization parameter obtained by a genetic algorithm iteration is output as the optimal solution. The results suggest that the photogrammetric system performs well in practical engineering applications and can provide advantages including high precision, low cost, simple operation, etc. Results obtained by the load identification method agree well with measurements obtained from the actual structure, and can serve as a tool for evaluating the mechanical properties of similar structures. This method monitors potential risks of steel truss structures, and greatly improve the stability and safety of such structures.
Prospective associations between adolescent risky substance use and school dropout and the role of externalising and internalising problems
Authors: Heradstveit Ove , Hysing Mari , Bøe Tormod , Nilsen Sondre Aasen , Sivertsen Børge , Bretteville-Jensen Anne Line , Askeland Kristin Gärtner
Published: August 2023

Background: The aim of the present study was to assess to what extent risky substance use (RSU) acts as an important risk factor for school dropout from upper secondary school in a prospective study of Norwegian adolescents, and how externalising and internalising mental health problems influenced this association. Methods: We used data from a large population-based survey (the youth@hordaland-survey), which included adolescents aged 16–19 years. The predictor variables were self-reported RSU. The survey was linked with prospective data from the Norwegian Education Database, following the adolescents to 21–23 years of age. The outcome variable was registry-based school dropout within five years after starting upper secondary school. The analyses were adjusted for sex, age, socioeconomic status, and externalising and internalising problems. Results: After adjustment for sociodemographic variables, all indicators of RSU were prospectively associated with school dropout (adjusted odds ratios 1.26–2.25; all p values <.01). While internalising problems only slightly changed these estimates, the associations were substantially attenuated by externalising problems. Still, all measures of RSU, except frequent alcohol intoxication, remained positively associated with school dropout in the fully adjusted models. For the youngest students, all associations between RSU and school dropout were significant. Conclusions: Adolescent RSU is a strong predictor for school dropout, and externalising problems explained a considerable proportion of this effect. Prevention efforts to reduce student substance could improve academic outcomes among upper secondary school students, and such efforts may benefit from also targeting co-occurring externalising problems.
Doing gender in game spaces: Transgender and non-binary players’ gender signaling strategies in online games
Authors: Kosciesza Aiden James
Published: August 2023

Transgender and non-binary people manage public perceptions of their genders not only in the material world, but also within the virtual worlds of online digital games. Game spaces offer a site of trans and non-binary embodiment that can be decoupled from the physical world, yet these spaces remain embedded in structures of cisnormative hegemony. In this exploratory study, I interviewed 10 players whose gender identities do not conform to the static male-female binary that is encoded, both literally and ideologically, in games. This work centers the experiences of non-cisgender people with particular attention to the differences in how virtual environments are approached by those who wish to present within binary gender/sex categories and those who do not. I consider both the features and the constraints of the digital game environment, and their implications for non-cisgender players’ processes of gender expression and identification.