bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biphasic Fermentation of Trapa bispinosa Shells by Ganoderma sinense and Characterization of Its Polysaccharides and Alcoholic Extract and Analysis of Their Bioactivity
Authors: Sun Xiaoyan , Lei Qiuqi , Chen Qinyi , Song Dandan , Zhou Min , Wang Hongxun , Wang Limei
Published: March 2024

Background: Trapa bispinosa shells (TBs) and its flesh (TBf) have been recognized for their medicinal properties, including antioxidant, antitumor, and immunomodulatory effects. Despite these benefits, TBs are often discarded as waste material, and their applications remain to be further explored. Methods: In this study, we optimized the solid-state fermentation process of Ganoderma sinense (GS) with TBs using a response surface experiment methodology to obtain the fermented production with the highest water extract rate and DPPH free radical scavenging activity. We prepared and characterized pre-fermentation purified polysaccharides (P1) and post-fermentation purified polysaccharides (P2). Alcoholic extracts before (AE1) and after (AE2) fermentation were analyzed for active components such as polyphenols and flavonoids using UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS (ultra-performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry). Mouse macrophages (RAW 264.7) were employed to compare the immune-stimulating ability of polysaccharides and the antioxidant activity of AE1 and AE2. Results: Optimal fermentation conditions comprised a duration of 2 days, a temperature of 14 °C, and a humidity of 77%. The peak water extract yield and DPPH free radical scavenging rate of the water extract from TBs fermented by GS were observed under these conditions. The enhanced activity may be attributed to changes in the polysaccharide structure and the components of the alcoholic extract. The P2 treatment group indicated more secretion of RAW 264.7 cells of NO, iNOS, IL-2, IL-10, and TNF-α than P1, which shows that the polysaccharides demonstrated increased immune-stimulating ability, with their effect linked to the NF-кB pathway. Moreover, the results of the AE2 treatment group indicated that secretion of RAW 264.7 cells of T-AOC and T-SOD increased and MDA decreased, which shows that the alcoholic extract demonstrated enhanced antioxidant activity, with its effect linked to the Nrf2/Keap1-ARE pathway. Conclusions: Biphasic fermentation of Trapa bispinosa shells by Ganoderma sinense could change the composition and structure of the polysaccharides and the composition of the alcoholic extract, which could increase the products’ immunomodulatory and antioxidant activity.
Design of Physicochemical Properties of Eggs as a Result of Modification of the Fat Fraction of Laying Feed
Authors: Filipiak-Florkiewicz Agnieszka , Dymińska-Czyż Maja , Szymczyk Beata , Franczyk-Żarów Magdalena , Kostogrys Renata , Florkiewicz Adam , Lukasiewicz Marcin
Published: March 2024

The aim of this study was to investigate and confirm the properties of eggs produced by laying hens fed a diet consisting of pomegranate seed oil as a source of CLnA and flaxseed oil as a source of α-linolenic acid. The study involved determining the chemical composition of the eggs, including their fatty acid profile. The results showed that modifying the laying hens’ feed composition resulted in eggs with high nutritional value, with a favorable change in their fatty acid profile. In most cases, the addition of linseed oil or pomegranate seed oil did not affect the physical and chemical properties of the eggs. However, the diet of laying hens had a positive effect on the fatty acid profile of the egg yolk. The presence of conjugated linolenic acid trienes in eggs produced by laying hens fed a modified diet makes them a potential source of these compounds for human consumption.
ABC2A: A Straightforward and Fast Method for the Accurate Backmapping of RNA Coarse-Grained Models to All-Atom Structures
Authors: Shi Ya-Zhou , Wu Hao , Li Sha-Sha , Li Hui-Zhen , Zhang Ben-Gong , Tan Ya-Lan
Published: March 2024

RNAs play crucial roles in various essential biological functions, including catalysis and gene regulation. Despite the widespread use of coarse-grained (CG) models/simulations to study RNA 3D structures and dynamics, their direct application is challenging due to the lack of atomic detail. Therefore, the reconstruction of full atomic structures is desirable. In this study, we introduced a straightforward method called ABC2A for reconstructing all-atom structures from RNA CG models. ABC2A utilizes diverse nucleotide fragments from known structures to assemble full atomic structures based on the CG atoms. The diversification of assembly fragments beyond standard A-form ones, commonly used in other programs, combined with a highly simplified structure refinement process, ensures that ABC2A achieves both high accuracy and rapid speed. Tests on a recent large dataset of 361 RNA experimental structures (30–692 nt) indicate that ABC2A can reconstruct full atomic structures from three-bead CG models with a mean RMSD of ~0.34 Å from experimental structures and an average runtime of ~0.5 s (maximum runtime < 2.5 s). Compared to the state-of-the-art Arena, ABC2A achieves a ~25% improvement in accuracy and is five times faster in speed.
Hydrated Electron Dynamics and Stimulated Raman Scattering in Water Induced by Ultrashort Laser Pulses
Authors: Tang Jun , Wang Zhongyang
Published: March 2024

For this study, we employed intense 400 nm, 100 fs pulses linearly propagated through a 50 cm water medium, initially self-stretching the excitation pulses to 2.50 ps. Subsequently, the self-stretched 2.50 ps pulses were focused into deionized water, and we conducted transient absorption experiments to measure and investigate the dynamics of hydrated electrons in water. The excess electrons generated were injected into the hydrogen bond network of the water cluster, leading to the observation of saturated hydrated electrons. Additionally, we observed the emergence of the forward stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) of water molecules. We report the experimental observation of a weak forward SRS emission at 463 nm (corresponding to 3400 cm−1), indicative of the ordinary OH stretching vibration in the liquid phase. Moreover, we observed an intense forward SRS emission at 460 nm in water, corresponding to two anomalous Raman shifts at 3260 cm−1 and 3355 cm−1. These anomalous Raman shifts resulted from changes in the hydrogen bond network structure. We determine that the formation of not fully hydrated and saturated hydrated electrons plays a crucial role in producing this phenomenon.
Imagination, Secularism and the University: The Presence and Consequences of Islamic Education
Authors: Zaman Mujadad
Published: March 2024

This paper asks the question, ‘What does Islamic education mean for the 21st century university?’ To begin with, the paper addresses the modern university as an institution facing numerous challenges, which can be conceived of by understanding the nature of the ‘academic imagination’. In so doing, this argument draws on the fundamental elements of thought itself by foregrounding imagination as a primary route by which knowledge is conceived, created and disseminated. At root, it is an argument that suggests that to understand the university is to apprehend its imaginative functions. ‘Problems of the imagination’ are thereafter defined as ‘depth perception’, ‘vertigo’ and ‘paralysis’, respectively. In light of these challenges, the rise of Centers of Islamic Theology in Germany, and Islamic education as a discipline in particular, are considered as uncharted paths towards a discussion of the dilemmas of contemporary academia. Methodologically, the paper is a philosophical reflection on the role of the future of the university and the place of Islamic Theology and Islamic education therein. As such, use of the contemporary literature on higher education, as well as classical works on Islamic education, shall be employed for the purposes of the argument. In so doing, this paper turns the normative discussion of contemporary Islamic education on its head: from how we may make room for such education in the modern university, to consider how its presence may help the institution and its imaginative conundrums.
Prelaunch Spectral Characterization of the Operational Land Imager-2
Authors: Barsi Julia A. , Donley Eric , Goldman Michelle , Kampe Thomas , Markham Brian L. , McAndrew Brendan , McCorkel Joel , Morland Eric , Pedelty Jeffrey A. , Pharr James , Rodriguez Michael R. , Shuman Timothy M. , Stutheit Cameron , Sushkov Andrei B.
Published: March 2024

The Landsat-9 satellite, launched in September 2021, carries the Operational Land Imager-2 (OLI-2) as one of its payloads. This instrument is a clone of the Landsat-8 OLI and its mission is to continue the operational land imaging of the Landsat program. The OLI-2 instrument is not significantly different from OLI though the instrument-level pre-launch spectral characterization process was much improved. The focal plane modules used on OLI-2 were manufactured as spares for OLI and much of the spectral characterization of the components was performed for OLI. However, while the spectral response of the fully assembled OLI was characterized by a double monochromator system, the OLI-2 spectral characterization made use of the Goddard Laser for Absolute Measurement of Radiance (GLAMR). GLAMR is a system of tunable lasers that cover 350–2500 nm which are fiber-coupled to a 30 in integrating sphere permanently monitored by NIST-traceable radiometers. GLAMR allowed the spectral characterization of every detector of the OLI-2 focal plane in nominal imaging conditions. The spectral performance of the OLI-2 was, in general, much better than requirements. The final relative spectral responses (RSRs) represent the best characterization any Landsat instrument spectral response. This paper will cover the results of the spectral characterization from the component-level to the instrument-level of the Landsat-9 OLI-2.
Simulation of Human Movement in Zero Gravity
Authors: Bärligea Adelina , Hase Kazunori , Yoshida Makoto
Published: March 2024

In the era of expanding manned space missions, understanding the biomechanical impacts of zero gravity on human movement is pivotal. This study introduces a novel and cost-effective framework that demonstrates the application of Microsoft’s Azure Kinect body tracking technology as a motion input generator for subsequent OpenSim simulations in weightlessness. Testing rotations, locomotion, coordination, and martial arts movements, we validate the results’ realism under the constraints of angular and linear momentum conservation. While complex, full-body coordination tasks face limitations in a zero gravity environment, our findings suggest possible approaches to device-free exercise routines for astronauts and reveal insights into the feasibility of hand-to-hand combat in space. However, some challenges remain in distinguishing zero gravity effects in the simulations from discrepancies in the captured motion input or forward dynamics calculations, making a comprehensive validation difficult. The paper concludes by highlighting the framework’s practical potential for the future of space mission planning and related research endeavors, while also providing recommendations for further refinement.
Implementation of a Real-Time Brain-to-Brain Synchrony Estimation Algorithm for Neuroeducation Applications
Authors: Mendoza-Armenta Axel A. , Blanco-Téllez Paula , García-Alcántar Adaliz G. , Ceballos-González Ivet , Hernández-Mustieles María A. , Ramírez-Mendoza Ricardo A. , Lozoya-Santos Jorge de J. , Ramírez-Moreno Mauricio A.
Published: March 2024

This study centers on creating a real-time algorithm to estimate brain-to-brain synchronization during social interactions, specifically in collaborative and competitive scenarios. This type of algorithm can provide useful information in the educational context, for instance, during teacher–student or student–student interactions. Positioned within the context of neuroeducation and hyperscanning, this research addresses the need for biomarkers as metrics for feedback, a missing element in current teaching methods. Implementing the bispectrum technique with multiprocessing functions in Python, the algorithm effectively processes electroencephalography signals and estimates brain-to-brain synchronization between pairs of subjects during (competitive and collaborative) activities that imply specific cognitive processes. Noteworthy differences, such as higher bispectrum values in collaborative tasks compared to competitive ones, emerge with reliability, showing a total of 33.75% of significant results validated through a statistical test. While acknowledging progress, this study identifies areas of opportunity, including embedded operations, wider testing, and improved result visualization. Beyond academia, the algorithm’s utility extends to classrooms, industries, and any setting involving human interactions. Moreover, the presented algorithm is shared openly, to facilitate implementations by other researchers, and is easily adjustable to other electroencephalography devices. This research not only bridges a technological gap but also contributes insights into the importance of interactions in educational contexts.
An Efficient Procedure to Compensate for the Errors Due to the Probe Mispositioning in a Cylindrical Near-Field Facility
Authors: Bevilacqua Florindo , D’Agostino Francesco , Ferrara Flaminio , Gennarelli Claudio , Guerriero Rocco , Migliozzi Massimo , Riccio Giovanni
Published: March 2024

This paper deals with the compensation of the probe mispositioning errors occurring in a cylindrical near-field (NF) facility due to the imprecise control of the linear and azimuthal positioners allowing the cylindrical scanning and/or to their limited resolution and to defects in the rails guiding the linear motion. As a result, 3-D errors in the positioning of the probe at any sampling point, as prescribed by the adopted non-redundant representation, affect the accuracy of the NF measurements. An efficient procedure is here proposed to properly compensate for these errors. It involves two steps. The former allows one to correct the mispositioning errors due to the deviation of each actual sampling point from the nominal measurement cylinder. The latter makes use of an iterative technique to restore the NF samples at any sampling point fixed by the used non-redundant representation from the ones obtained at the previous step and affected by 2-D mispositioning errors. Once these steps have been fruitfully applied, the so-compensated NF samples are effectively interpolated through a 2-D optimal sampling interpolation (OSI) formula to accurately reconstruct the input data required to perform the traditional cylindrical near-to-far-field transformation. The OSI representation is here developed by considering an elongated antenna under test as enclosed either in a prolate spheroid or in a cylinder terminated by two half spheres (rounded cylinder) in order to make the representation effectively non-redundant. Numerical test results, which thoroughly prove the efficacy of the devised procedure in correcting even severe 3-D mispositioning errors, are reported.
TREATMENT FOR MALARIA PATIENTS IN PAKISTAN AND THE PREDOMINANCE OF GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE (G6PD) DEFICIENCY
Authors: Ali Syed Waqad , Raziq Marium , Khan Muhammad Muzammil , Tanvir Sania , Zaidi Syed Jamal Hyder , Syed Sidra Abid , Saifullah Bullo , Nasim Shahzad
Published: March 2024

Even though it predisposes carriers to hemolysis, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is linked with malaria endemicity. This fact supports the malaria prevention theory. The objective of this paper to determine whether and how much there is a protective relationship between malaria and G6PD deficiency. Twelve databases were searched for studies describing any G6PD connection in malaria patients. 38 of the 50 included papers qualified for the review. Results indicated that there was no harmful association between G6PD deficiency and uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Even though it puts carriers at risk for hemolysis, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is widespread in areas of Pakistan where malaria is also prevalent. This data supports the malaria protection hypothesis. Pakistan's annual malaria burden is estimated to be 1.5 million cases. The government needs to execute a successful malaria control and eradication program, given the prevailing circumstances. Destroying Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes and eradicating Plasmodium vivax hypnozoite reservoirs are possible with primaquine. However, when using this medication, those who lack the enzyme glucose-6-phosphate (G6PD) experience hemolysis. The distribution of malaria and G6PD deficiency in Pakistan must be mapped to create an effective medication to suppress the disease. No significant reports of G6PD deficiency (G6PDd) in malaria patients have come from Pakistan. This review article seeks to establish the existence and magnitude of a protective connection between malaria and G6PD deficiency
THE FOLIAR APPLICATION OF NITROGEN AND ZINC APPLIED DURING TILLERING AND BOOTING STAGE ENHANCED THE GROWTH AND PRODUCTION OF WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.)
Authors: Arain Zaheer Ahmed , Ali Umed , Sakina Bibi  , Khaskheli Maqsood Ahmed , Pehlwan Babu , Bhutto Amarta , Bhutto Mahpara Khatoon , Rajput Jawad Ahmed , Bhan Rajib Ali , Sipio Wahid Dino , Ullah Rehmat , Siddiqui Aasma
Published: March 2024

Foliar application of nitrogen and zinc has proven beneficial to achieve high yield and growth of wheat. A field trial was conducted with Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) in three replications, at Student’s Experiment Farm, Department of Agronomy, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam during spring 2022-2023. The study explored the effect of foliar application of nitrogen (N) and zinc (Zn) on wheat (Triticum sativum L.) variety TD-1 on different growth stages. The treatment comprised T1 = Control, T2 = 2.0% N (tillering), T3 = 2.0% N (booting), T4 = 0.1% Zn (tillering), T5 = 0.1% Zn (booting), T6 = 2.0% N + 0.1% Zn (tillering), and T7 = 2.0% N + 0.1% Zn (booting). The results revealed that all the parameters were significantly affected (p <0.05) by foliar applications of N and Zn at both tillering and booting stages. The highest growth and yield traits were recorded when the plants were treated with 2.0 % N + 0.1% Zn applied (foliar) at tillering stage. However, the plants grown under control conditions exhibited lower performance for all the traits recorded. In conclusion, the interaction of 2.0% N + 0.1% Zn with foliar spray demonstrated positive response towards wheat variety TD-1 at tillering stage as compared to other treatments. Hence, the combined strategy of applying foliar nitrogen and zinc at tillering stage is recommended to get higher grain yields and plant growth for chaff production
À l’ombre de Mommsen : retour sur la donation alimentaire de Fabia H[---]la
Authors: Navarro Caballero Milagros , Hernando Sobrino María Del Rosario
Published: March 2024

Cet article propose un réexamen de l’inscription CIL II 1174, qui décrit la donation alimentaire d’une femme de l’ordre sénatorial. L’interprétation, proposée très rapide par Mommsen et publiée par Hübner a unanimement été acceptée par la communauté scientifique. Le critère d’autorité doit être corrigé à la lumière de textes de érudits espagnols qui ont transmis l’inscription mais aussi grâce à l’étude du support et des données historiques.
La (pro)dittatura di Quinto Fabio Massimo (217 a.C.): a proposito di alcune ipotesi recenti
Authors: Bellomo Michele
Published: March 2024

In the aftermath of the defeat suffered at the Lake Trasimene, the Romans elected Q. Fabius Maximus dictator and M. Minucius Rufus magister equitum. Livy records that both men were directly created by the comitia, a very exceptional circumstance. For a long time, scholars have accepted this solution, but in the last years a good number of historians have forwarded new hypothesis, suggesting that the nominees of Fabius and Minucius were made by an interrex (as Sulla in 82 B. C.) or a praetor (as Caesar in 44 B. C.). This paper considers and analyses these new theories, but finally argues that the old solution of a popular creatio is still the one that must be preferred.
César génocidaire ? Le massacre des Usipètes et des Tenctères (55 av. J.-C.)
Authors: Hulot Sophie
Published: March 2024

In 55 B. C., during the Gallic Wars, Caesar slaughtered the Usipetes and Tencteri at the confluence of the Meuse river and the Rhine river. That offensive has long been seen as a war crime. More recently, it has increasingly been described as a genocide. However, after studying the criticisms expressed in ancient sources, that definition seems inappropriate : accusations are of a different kind. This article therefore aims at a better understanding of the very meaning of that violence and its features. A historical approach inspired by sociological methods renews former viewpoints. For instance, not only Caesar’s, but also Plutarch’s, Appian’s and Cassius Dio’s writings are detailed enough to examine the way violence progressively bursts. They also allow to assess the key-role of the cavalry. Consequently, one has to reassess Caesar’s part in ordering the slaughter initiative. There seems indeed to be a gap between the account of the facts, overestimated by the controversy, and Caesar’s real part.
Le dossier épigraphique d’Hefzibah (202/1-195 a.C.) : chronologie, histoire, diplomatique
Authors: Savalli Ivana
Published: March 2024

The Hefzibah-Stele displays a selection of royal archives of the reign of Antiochos III concerning the villages that Ptolemaios son of Thraseas, governor and ἀρχιερεύς of Koile‑Syria and Phoenicia, possessed near the city of Skythopolis. Several dates were read differently since the editio princeps of Y. H. Landau (1966) up to the recent study of J. Heinrich (2018). It is proven today that the readings of Landau were exact and that the oldest documents date of 202-200 BC., at the beginning of the Fifth Syrian War, whereas the most recent documents date of 195 BC. This chronology leads to revise the accepted date of the taking of the title Βασιλεὺς μέγας by Antiochos III and to revisit the constitution of the archives and the genesis of their publication.
L’ἀδύνατον nelle Bucoliche virgiliane
Authors: Gagliardi Paola
Published: March 2024

Virgil often uses the ἀδύνατον in the Bucolics, reworking its features in comparison to Theocritus and the pastoral poetic tradition. In their several and various occurrences, the τόποι of the ἀδύνατον are changed and renewed in order to underline the novelty of Virgilian bucolic poetry and to highlight the psychology of the characters.
Plutarque et le dragonneau. Sur l’émergence des affections tropicales dans l’ethnographie grecque
Authors: Marcotte Didier
Published: March 2024

À partir d’un passage de Plutarque relatif aux maladies nouvelles, l’article discute les premières descriptions, chez Léonidas d’Alexandrie, Soranos, Rufus d’Éphèse et Galien, du ver de Médine et de la pathologie qu’il provoque. Il éclaire les circonstances dans lesquelles le signalement de celle-ci a été effectué, au iiie siècle av. n. ère, au cours des campagnes des Lagides en mer Rouge et en Éthiopie, et les conditions dans lesquelles l’observation de cette maladie a ensuite été menée, à Alexandrie d’Égypte notamment ; il montre aussi l’attention prêtée par les milieux savants à la spécificité des affections tropicales, communes aux pays riverains de la «mer Érythrée » , à l’époque où s’intensifiait le trafic maritime de la mer Rouge vers les pays riverains de l’océan Indien.
Evaluation of left ventricular systolic function by speckle tracking echocardiography in type 2 diabetic patients
Authors: Nguyen Nguyen Trang , Nguyen Anh Vu , Le Van Chi
Published: March 2024

Background: Cardiovascular complications are the leading cause of death in diabetic patients. Speckle tracking echocardiography can early detect left ventricular systolic dysfunction even when normal ejection fraction. The study aims to evaluate left ventricular systolic function by Speckle tracking echocardiography and its correlation with some cardiovascular risk factors in type 2 diabetic patients;

Materials and method: Controlled cross-sectional descriptive study in 60 subjects (30 in type 2 diabetic patients and 30 controls) at Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital. Data collection: age, sex, time to detect diabetes, body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, lipid blood, traditional Doppler echocardiographic parameters, values of left ventricular longitudinal strain in 2-chamber, 3-chamber, 4-chamber view and value of total left ventricular longitudinal strain;

Results: Type 2 diabetic patients had 2-chamber longitudinal strain (-17.01 ± 3.26%), 3-chamber longitudinal strain (-16.41 ± 3.69%), 4-chamber longitudinal strain (-18.46 ± 3.23%, global longitudinal strain (-17.31 ± 2.87%), was lower than control group (p < 0.05). The global longitudinal strain was positively correlated with diabetes duration (r = 0.3), heart rate (r = 0.3), systolic blood pressure (r=0.4), diastolic blood pressure (r = 0.4), fasting plasma glucose (r = 0.4), HbA1c (r = 0.4) (p < 0.05);

Conclusion: Type 2 diabetic patients have reduced global longitudinal strain. The reduction of global longitudinal strain was correlated with diabetes duration, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, and HbA1c.

Key words: diabetes, speckle tracking echocardiography, left ventricular ejection fraction, global longitudinal strain, cardiovascular risk factors.
Prevalence of hyperuricemia and associated factors among officials working at Tu Mo Rong district, Kon Tum province
Authors: Doan Vuong Diem Khanh , Nguyen Ba Khanh
Published: March 2024

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and associated factors of hyperuricemia in the officials working at Tu Mo Rong district, Kon Tum province.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 500 officials working at Tu Mo Rong district, Kon Tum province. Multiple logistic regression was employed to investigate factors associated with hyperuricemia.

Results: Overall prevalence of hyperuricemia was 29.0%. This prevalence was 31.7% among male and 22.7% among female respondents. Factors associated with hyperuricemia were sex (male), reduced HDL-C, smoking, lack of physical activity, alcohol consumption, eating a lot of protein.

Conclusion: The study provides important evidence on the prevalence and factors associated with hyperuricemia, which is the scientific basis for intervention to reduce the prevalence of hyperuricemia in the community

Key words: hyperuricemia, prevalence, associated factors.
ESPAÇOS VETORIAIS QUE ADMITEM DECOMPOSIÇÃO COMO UNIÃO DE SUBESPAÇOS PRÓPRIOS
Authors: Silva Filho João Francisco da , Jucá Ivyna Maria da Silva
Published: March 2024

No presente trabalho, obtemos caracterizações de espaços vetoriais de dimensão finita que podem ser escritos como união finita ou enumerável de subespaços próprios. Em particular, deduzimos que espaços vetoriais de dimensão finita sobre corpos infinitos (respectivamente não enumeráveis) não podem ser escritos como união finita (respectivamente enumerável) de subespaços próprios.
CONSTRUÇÃO DE MODELOS MATEMÁTICOS COM O PYTHON: UMA MOTIVAÇÃO PARA O ESTUDO DE CÁLCULO DIFERENCIAL E LÓGICA MATEMÁTICA
Authors: Silva Angelo Antunes da Rocha , Didier Maria Ângela Caldas , Bonfim Silvio Cavalcanti
Published: March 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo abordar a construção de modelos matemáticos usando Python, fornecendo recursos motivadores para o estudo de cálculo diferencial e lógica matemática. Apresentamos um minicurso chamado "Python e Aplicações Matemáticas" em 2021, oferecendo uma perspectiva alternativa para o estudo desses conceitos. Neste trabalho discorremos sobre os tópicos trabalhados no minicurso. Utilizamos as técnicas de ajuste linear de curvas e equações diferenciais ordinárias para ilustrar propriedades de funções reais e suas derivadas, fundamentais no cálculo diferencial. Como exemplo da aplicação de ajuste de curvas, discutimos um modelo que relaciona o comprimento por idade das tilápias do rio Nilo e um modelo de juros de cartão de crédito em um mês. Também abordamos a modelagem por equações diferenciais, incluindo o modelo clássico de crescimento populacional exponencial proposto por Thomas Robert Malthus e o modelo epidemiológico SIR (Suscetível-Infectado-Recuperado), desenvolvido por Kermack e McKendrick em 1927. Apresentamos o passo a passo da construção desses modelos e exibimos seus gráficos usando Python no ambiente Google Colaboratory, permitindo visualizar as estruturas de lógica matemática da linguagem. Além do exposto, disponibilizamos sugestões de atividades para o ensino de Matemática e fornecemos um link de acesso às resoluções e códigos dos autores.
Palavras-chave: Modelos Matemáticos, Ajuste Linear de Curvas, Equações Diferenciais, Python, Cálculo Diferencial, Lógica Matemática
Circular Section Metal Wall Cut-Off Wave guide Accurate Calculation when used as a Standard Attenuator
Authors: Huang Zhi-Xun
Published: March 2024

In this paper, the mathematical analysis is carried out from many angles, so that the theoretical calculation problem of the circular metal wall cut-off wave guide used as a premary attenuation standard is completely solved, and the Chinese national standard of the attenuation quantity is established. The benchmark was completed by the Chinese National Institute of Metrology (NIM) with an accuracy of 5×10-5; Reach the international advanced level. The calculation accuracy provided in this paper is 10-6~10-7. This is a good example of a project combining theory and practice.
Empowering Women through Financial Inclusion: Insights from the Banking Sector in India
Authors: Vijay Vishnu Kumar C
Published: March 2024

Economists contend that the development process is at risk if it is not actively fostered. Given the observation that women possess exceptional financial management skills, the concept of “economic empowerment of women” has emerged as a key strategy to promote their overall empowerment. Enhancing women’s empowerment in economies, especially in emerging countries, greatly relies on education, skill development, employment, and fostering entrepreneurship. Bank financing is an important tool that contributes significantly to the economic empowerment of women. With this reasoning in mind, the current article focuses on the role of banks in promoting the economic empowerment of women, specifically in India. The study of the article relies only on secondary sources of information, which were obtained from several daily English newspapers as well as yearly reports and research studies from banks in India. This research seeks to scrutinise and clarify the strategies and initiatives formulated and implemented by banks, including SIDBI and Bharatiya Mahila Bank, which has the distinction of being the first bank to have women in all positions. The report emphasises the active participation of several banks in empowering women by offering a range of financial solutions. It presents advantageous initiatives and activities designed to facilitate women’s access to bank financing for their economic development. The report suggests that governments should contemplate recognising the “Right to bank credit” as a basic entitlement for women.
Women Entrepreneurship in India: Challenges and Suggestions
Authors: Sivasakkaravarthi P
Published: March 2024

Indian women are playing a crucial role In the current globalized era. Additionally, they are significantly contributing to our nation’s advancement and rising real per capita income. Through entrepreneurship, women are being acknowledge das job providers rather than job seekers. They are contributed by giving new and innovative ideas for business management and organization. However, women’s engagement in entrepreneurial activities remains an issue, and it is necessary to examine or explore the reasons for the low number of female entrepreneurs. The position of women entrepreneurs in India is disclosed in this report. The paper discusses about the challenges that awoman generally has to face to become an entrepreneur as well as the problems she faces after being anentrepreneur.
MNREGA Evaluation: Fostering Inclusive Rural Development
Authors: Chithravel N
Published: March 2024

Rural people have been actively involved in MNREGA from its inception, notably from marginalised groups like as Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs). Throughout the program’s implementation, the percentage of Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) engaging in MGNREGA job possibilities has continuously remained high at the national level, ranging from 40 to 60 percent. Even throughout the outbreak, the plan was fairly successful in terms of employment creation. The study’s findings show that the effort had a positive impact on developing sustainable lives for rural residents. Furthermore, it has improved rural labourers’ capacity to bargain in the rural labour market.
Spy Leadership in India from Mauryan Empire to Modern Era
Authors: Kanchana S
Published: March 2024

For over many years, the term Leadership has been a subject of debate within the area of Management. As we all know, many great leaders have lost their position and their lives too because of betrayal of people around them. So, we propose Spy leadership is also required in this current competitive scenario inspite of various leadership styles. Based on our approach, this paper provides the existence of spies from ancient India and also the importance of this Spy leadership in this modern era to analyze individuals and retain true and right persons for various position in an organization. This paper also highlights the existence of spy leadership and usage of technological surveillance to monitor employees. Hence, the researchers have chosen this topic to study about the existence and importance of this Spy Leadership from Mauryan Empire to modern era.
Behavioral Finance and Stock Market Anomalies: Exploring Psychological Factors Influencing Investment Decisions
Authors: Padmavathy M
Published: March 2024

Behavioural finance questions the rational decision-making process that is based on the information and economic realities of traditional finance. This study investigates the impact of emotions and irrationality on financial decision-making. The increase in study on stock market anomalies leads to an investigation of the psychological factors that influence irrational investor behaviour and market inefficiencies. This research challenges the principles of rational finance theories by examining the significant impact of behavioural finance on stock market anomalies. The study demonstrates the impact of biases, emotions, and cognitive errors on human behaviour, highlighting specific cognitive faults such as anchoring bias, overconfidence, and loss aversion. These flaws lead to distorted decision-making and contribute to market anomalies The study of investing social dynamics explores the phenomenon of herd mentality and the unreasonable increases in asset values. In addition to questioning established financial theories, behavioural finance has the potential to assist investors, politicians, and market regulators. The study aims to construct intricate models that accurately depict financial decision-making by examining psychological variables that give rise to market oddities. The incorporation of behavioural finance into investment decision-making has transformative consequences for investors and financial professionals. Investors acquire the ability to make more astute decisions, spread out risks, and manage market instability by using emotional intelligence. Behavioural data may assist financial professionals in enhancing client-advisor relationships, refining communication methods, and increasing competitiveness in an evolving financial landscape. Behavioural finance provides a constantly evolving understanding influenced by biases and emotions, which poses a challenge to financial practices.
Parasitological investigation of Artemia parthenogenetica: A Cestode case from Ayvalık Saltwork
Authors: Dinçtürk Ezgi , Tanrıkul Tevfik Tansel
Published: March 2024

One of the primary food supplies for the aquaculture sector and wild animal populations, such as flamingos (Phoenicopterus roseus), is Artemia (Artemia parthenogenetica). Along with the rise in cases and reports from different salterns in recent years, the prevalence of Artemia cestode parasitism has also grown. Flamingolepis liguloides eggs are consumed by Artemia and transform into cysticercoids which mature into adult worms in the final host, flamingos. We described the first investigation of cestode parasitism in the natural populations of Artemia parthenogenetica from the Ayvalık saltwork (Balıkesir, Türkiye) in this study. A total of 965 A. parthenogenetica were examined and 320 of them had F. liguloides infection. The overall prevalence was estimated to be 33.2%. Most of the parasites were found in the abdomen and intestinal tract of A. parthenogenetica. Parasitism intensity ranged from 1 to 4 per individual, with a maximum of 4 cysticercoids detected in a single Artemia sample. To understand the influence of parasitism on Artemia populations and the transmission of species, it is important to establish Artemia parasitism in the saltwork. This initial report from the Ayvalık saltwork provides information on the infestation of F. liguloides in Artemia; therefore, the interactions between the saltworks’ species should be investigated in depth.
Dimensionen partizipativer Praktiken in einem digital gestützten Lernsetting
Authors: Schumacher Susanne , Stadler-Altmann Ulrike
Published: March 2024

In einer Demokratie haben alle Bürger:innen die Möglichkeit der gleichberechtigten Beteiligung an Entscheidungen. Deshalb sollten in einer von einem demokratischen Staat getragenen Bildungseinrichtung demokratische Grundprinzipien umgesetzt werden. Nach Derrida (2001) ist das bedingungslose Hinterfragen von Dingen durch Forschende und Lernende an einer Hochschule frei von Hierarchien. Insofern bilden die Grundsätze des Denkens und Handelns in einer Universität und die in einer Demokratie eine sichtbare Schnittmenge (Demirovic 2013, 17). Systemisch betrachtet stellen aber demokratische Interaktionen in Bildungsinstitutionen eher ein Problem dar. Worin genau die Schwierigkeiten bestehen, wird in diesem Beitrag einleitend ausgeführt. Im Anschluss folgt eine Übersicht über strukturelle Möglichkeiten, die digitale Bildungsmedien mit Blick auf partizipative Praktiken bieten. Damit sind die Rahmenbedingungen für das konkrete, gemeinsame Am-Werk-Sein skizziert. Darauf aufbauend wird zur Analyse der Beteiligung von Lernenden in hochschuldidaktischen Zusammenhängen ein operationalisiertes Untersuchungsmodell vorgestellt. Anhand dessen werden die Anteile der partizipativen Praktiken von Studierenden nach den Kriterien von Mayrberger (2012) aufgezeigt. Welche weiteren forschungsmethodischen und hochschuldidaktischen Möglichkeiten sich an die Ergebnisse anschließen können, werden abschließend kurz vorgestellt. (DIPF/Orig.)
Teilhaben-Lassen und Teilhaben-Können als didaktische und hochschuldidaktische Herausforderung in Hochschullernwerkstätten
Authors: Pfrang Agnes , Schneider Ralf
Published: March 2024

Ausgehend von der Annahme, dass Hochschullernwerkstätten Orte für Professionalisierungsprozesse sind, die auch Raum geben, sich auf vielfältige Art experimentell mit Teilhabeprozessen auseinanderzusetzen, fokussiert der Beitrag einen Versuch, sich der Ermöglichung von Teilhaben-Lassen und TeilhabenKönnen als Herausforderung in hochschuldidaktischen Settings anzunähern. In diesem Kontext wird zunächst ein (demokratisches) Verständnis von Teilhabe als Aushandlungsprozess zwischen Teilhabe-Nehmenden und Teilhabe-Gebenden zu definieren versucht sowie die Bedeutung hochschuldidaktischer Bearbeitung dieses Aushandlungsprozesses herausgearbeitet (1). Daran anschließend wird das Verhältnis von Teilhabe-Lernen und Teilhabe-Lehren analysiert und mit Bezug auf Theorie und Praxis in der Lehrer:innenausbildung reflektiert (2). Abschließend geht es darum, die theoretischen Überlegungen auf hochschuldidaktische Formate von Teilhabe-Ermöglichung zu beziehen und diese Bezüge anhand einer Vignette, die als Diskussionsimpuls eingesetzt wird, zu konkretisieren (3). (DIPF/Orig.)
Gelebte Partizipation? Partizipatives Agieren in einem interdisziplinären hochschullernwerkstättenübergreifenden Projekt
Authors: Poldrack Susan , Freytag Eva , Longhino Daniela
Published: March 2024

Im Zuge des partizipativ gestalteten Vernetzungsprozess der Hochschullernwerkstätten entwickelte sich der Wunsch nach einem ersten gemeinsamen hochschullernwerkstättenübergreifenden Projekt. An dem Projekt „Weihnachtsvorlesung“ beteiligten sich Studierende und Lehrende der Hochschullernwerkstätten sowie der Schwerpunkte Entdeckungsreise Natur und Technik und kunst.form.art. Im Artikel werden aus den im Anschluss an das Projekt durchgeführten Erhebungen hervorgehende Aspekte für das Gelingen sowie beeinflussende Hürden im partizipativ angelegten Projektentwicklungsprozess dargestellt und mit dem Stufenmodell von Oser und Biedermann verglichen. Insgesamt unterstreichen die Ergebnisse die Bedeutung von transparentem Informationsfluss, kooperativer Zusammenarbeit und klarer Kommunikation für eine erfolgreiche Partizipation. (DIPF/Orig.)
Una experiencia de desarrollo local y extensión universitaria: El Proyecto de Revalorización y Difusión del Tomate Platense 1999-2019
Authors:   , Sanabria Giselle Ana
Published: March 2024

Esta tesis propone analizar el Proyecto de Revalorización y Difusión de Tomate Platense (1999-2019), promovido por la Secretaría de Extensión Rural de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, a la luz del desarrollo local. Un vínculo entre los distintos actores sociales intervinientes, profundizando en el rol de la extensión universitaria como promotora del desarrollo local. De esta manera, se realiza un aporte al conocimiento mediante el análisis de la relación universidad-comunidad en el marco del desarrollo local. Se parte de la premisa de que el mencionado proyecto de revalorización de un producto tradicional platense como el tomate, genera desarrollo local en el territorio, gracias a la adquisición de técnicas productivas por parte de los productores, mejoras en el nivel de capitalización, mejoras en las condiciones de vida familiar por el aumento de la producción, aumento de la integración entre los mismos productores que promueven, fomentan y producen el tomate platense. Se hace referencia, a que se trata de un producto hortícola, como otros existentes en la región, que se diferencia del tomate hibrido o moderno por sus particulares características de sabor, forma, tamaño, color, gusto y técnicas llevadas a cabo al momento de producirlo. Un proceso de desarrollo local, promovido principalmente por la faceta de extensión universitaria desde un paradigma con mayor contenido del dialogo, del intercambio, novedoso y, por lo tanto, diferente a aquella extensión universitaria del siglo XIX de carácter bancaria, y transmisora de conocimientos. De esta manera, se observa la relación entre desarrollo local – extensión universitaria en el marco de un proyecto enmarcado en la promoción de un producto tradicional del Cinturón Hortícola Platense. Para llevar a cabo la investigación, se adopta una estrategia metodológica desde una perspectiva predominantemente cualitativa. Se realizó una lectura exhaustiva de bibliografía, y artículos referidos al proyecto, y se recopilaron datos de fuentes secundarias (análisis de publicaciones y fuentes periodísticas con datos relevantes al tema). Además, se llevaron a cabo entrevistas semi-estructuradas e interpretativas a informantes clave para abordar en profundidad la temática de investigación. Finalmente, la estructura de la tesis está formada por cinco capítulos, donde se abordan las cuestiones teórico-conceptuales, principales antecedentes, casos paradigmáticos a nivel local y latinoamericano, una caracterización del Cinturón Hortícola Platense, luego una caracterización general del proyecto y los actores sociales intervinientes en el mismo y posteriormente se lleva adelante el análisis del proyecto vinculado al desarrollo local y la extensión universitaria. Finalizando con las conclusiones y reflexiones finales.
Analisis Problematika dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab: Pendekatan Linguistik dan Non-Linguistik
Authors: Mufidah Luk-Luk Nur , Nurhayati Anin , Faizah Bilqis Nurul
Published: March 2024

Problematika refers to units or patterns that indicate structural differences between one language. Problematika in learning Arabic is divided into two categories: problems arising from the language itself (linguistic problems) and problems arising outside the language itself (non-linguistic issues). This research uses a descriptive qualitative method with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. The findings of this research indicate the need for evaluation in Arabic language learning to rectify suboptimal conditions by the planned objectives. This evaluation is crucial to ensure that Arabic continues to evolve and meet the demands of the present time.
Promblematika adalah unit-unit atau pola-pola yang menunjukkan adanya perbedaan struktur antar satu bahasa dengan bahasa yang lain. Problematika dalam mempelajari bahasa Arab terbagi menjadi dua, yaitu problematika yang berasal dari bahasa itu sendiri (problem linguistik), dan problematika yang muncul di luar zat bahasa itu sendiri (problem non linguistik). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan datanya melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan perlunya evaluasi dalam pembelajaran bahasa Arab guna memperbaiki ketidakoptimalan sesuai dengan tujuan yang telah direncanakan. Evaluasi tersebut penting agar bahasa Arab dapat terus berkembang dan sesuai dengan tuntutan masa kini.