bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Innovative potential of youth: theoretical and practical aspects of the study
Authors:   State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, Russian State University of Tourism and Service, Novichkov N. Vl. , Novichkova A.Vl. ,   Department of Economics and Economic Security, Nizhny Novgorod Institute of Management, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Nazarov Vl.A. ,   Government Offi ce of the Nizhny Novgorod Region
Published: January 2025

The relevance of this article is due to the prospects for the development of innovativeness
of the country's younger generation and the development of human capital. The
Russian Federation is a state with highly developed federalism and asymmetry and
disproportions of regions, which complicates the creation of a universal mechanism
for the formation of human capital through the development of human and labor
potential. Therefore, this mechanism requires deep modernization at all levels: local, regional,
and federal. The article clarifi es the concept of youth potential, reveals its main
components, identifi es factors that infl uence the process of forming and realizing the
potential of the younger generation, and proposes practical recommendations and
measures for the development of youth potential in regional education. In addition, the authors identifi ed innovative youth potential as the main element of the potential
of the younger generation and examined its essence and the main approaches to assessing
the innovativeness of youth. The article proposes an algorithm for assessing
the innovative potential of youth. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the need
to develop youth potential and reveal its innovativeness through the development
of methodological and practical recommendations and proposals. The objectives of
the study involve clarifying the concept of youth potential, considering a group of
external and internal factors aff ecting the potential of the younger generation, determining
its structure and main components, highlighting innovative youth potential,
generalizing approaches to its assessment, as well as developing recommendations
and measures for the implementation and development of youth potential in modern
society. Research results. The concept of “youth potential” was clarified, the need to develop
the potential of the younger generation was substantiated, the components of
youth potential were identifi ed, and recommendations and measures were developed
for its development in the context of increasing the innovativeness of the country’s
human capital. Innovative youth potential is identified as the main element of youth
potential, and an algorithm for assessing the innovativeness of the younger generation
is proposed.
Education within the framework of creative directions and specialties
Authors:   Department of Art, PhD student, Department of Philosophy, Sociology and Cultural Studies, Moscow University for the Humanities, Bezrukova O. V.
Published: January 2025

The article analyzes aspects of education within the framework of the creative profession
and directions. The purpose of the article is to consider and analyze the main aspects
of the education of youth, representatives of creative professions, which is aimed at the
harmonious development of future specialists and revealing their creative capabilities
and such personality qualities as initiative, a creative and non-standard approach to professional
tasks, originality of thinking, and professionalism.
Network communication: social interaction as the main function of «games people play»
Authors:   Moscow University for the Humanities, Kostina A. V.
Published: January 2025

The network space has its own communication formats. They are set by the digital environment,
where the transmission and perception of information is delayed, arriving in
a deferred mode, as well as by the written form of message transmission, which slows
down communication to the same extent. But the very function of chat communication,
despite its translation into a symbolic form, remains the same: this is social communication.
The article shows the features of communication on the Internet, examines the main forms of such communication, and reveals its connection with the practices that psychotherapists teach.
Compliance system of an educational organization: problem analysis
Authors:   educational psychologist, Birsk, Fazylova I. I.
Published: January 2025

In the modern world, the compliance system is an integral part of all areas of activity, including
education. It helps ensure compliance with legal and regulatory requirements, as
well as improve the quality of educational activities. However, the compliance system in
education has its own characteristics and problems that need to be explored. Therefore,
this topic is relevant and in demand at the present time. Current higher education has
become an integral part of human life, since education is the basis for further social and
professional development of an individual. In addition to a wide range of educational
programs, special attention is paid to issues of safety and quality of education, which implies
not only compliance with standards, but also compliance with legal requirements.
This issue has become especially relevant amid changes in legislation and the conditions
of the coronavirus pandemic.
The Land Issue of the Caucasus Mountaineers in Post-Reform Russia
Authors:   Department of History and Regional Studies of the Moscow Humanitarian University, Israilov Vakha Turpal-Alievich
Published: January 2025

The article highlights the state of land relations of the highlanders in the Russian Empire
after the Caucasian War and before the First Russian Revolution. It is shown that the land
issue of the Caucasian highlanders on the eve of the revolutionary upheavals of Russia
reflected the demographic policy of the tsarist government in the North Caucasus in the
post-reform period.
On the strategy of actions for the implementation of family and demographic policy, support for large families in the Russian Federation until 2036
Authors:   Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Ustinovich Elena Stepanovna
Published: January 2025

The year 2024 was declared by the head of state, President of Russia Vladimir Putin, the Year of the Family. The presidential Decree noted that the decision was made with the aim of popularizing state policy in the field of family protection and traditional values. Such significant attention on the part
of the country’s leadership to the institution of the family and family values,
demographic issues in general, is due to the fact that Russia as a state and
Russian society are faced with a number of social problems that threaten many established foundations, values, and the future of the country. As never before in the modern history of Russia, issues of social security are coming to the fore.
Real threats loomed over the most important social institution — the family. In
our state, the family is protected at the highest constitutional level. Article 38
of the basic law of our country establishes a direct norm — the protection of the family, motherhood and childhood by the State. At the government level, a whole system of indicators has been developed that are subject to constant monitoring in order to ensure the relevance of state policy in the social sphere
and its continuous improvement. Much is being done by modern statesmen
and politicians in support of the family, motherhood, fatherhood and childhood.
This article, which is mainly of a compilation nature, presents the most significant speeches by prominent government and political figures of Russia on family and demographic policy in 2024, and also shows modern directions for the development and further implementation of an Action Strategy for the
implementation of family and demographic policy, support for large families in the Russian Federation until 2036.
Christian Leadership in Education: Religious Moderation in the Era of Diversity 2045
Authors: Saogo Soneta Veronica , Rohi Ampinia
Published: January 2025

Abstract: Indonesia is expected to become a “Golden Indonesia” in 2045, with priorities of progress, independence, and social justice as well as being a democratic country. But the problem is, in the world of education there are still phenomena found today such as; many students who do not understand about tolerance and the importance of respecting differences, social media is often misused such as spreading misinformation and hate speech, which can cause intolerance and the lack of moderation-based education programs. This research aims to encourage the values of tolerance, mutual respect, and interfaith cooperation in education by finding useful leadership strategies. This research also wants to know how Christian leadership affects the character building and understanding of pluralism of the younger generation. So that in this study using qualitative methods or literature studies, where researchers provide solutions to the problems raised, by collecting various theories and information from library materials, such as books, dictionaries, journals, the Bible, and online media, Then, these sources are academically accountable sources. Therefore, religious moderation in Christian education in 2045 will depend heavily on educational leaders to foster attitudes of tolerance, mutual respect, and shared vision to maintain national unity among people.
Implementation of an inventory system through FIFO
Authors: Acosta-González Yanid , Delgado-Gómez Gilberto , García-Ruíz Cecilia Edith , Arcos-Fernández Ashley Naomi
Published: January 2025

An inventory system was implemented through the use of an Excel program format,
which allows you to monitor and manage your stock effectively, and also provides
an easy-to-use interface to track inventory levels, monitor replenishment needs. and
forecast demand accurately.
Development and desing for a vehicular care based on a embedded system to prevent car heist
Authors: Nápoles Elías , Rojas Rafael , Seseña Hiram , Martínez Moisés
Published: January 2025

Globally, a common trouble is the inefficiency of security systems in cars, several vehicles are
stolen for this reason every year. The purpose on this paper is to make an embedded system for
vehicular security. This system has direct communication with a smartphone, adding some
control systems manipulated by user. It has an electronic card, as embedded system, that makes
communication work, control, data process and voltage source. The system has microcontrollers
and satellite communication modules to improve its communication characteristics, making high
efficiency. This way, we look to do a social work in the local area to prevent and recover vehicles
with this trouble.
Study case: educational-cognitive impact of university responsibility social
Authors: Hernández-Flores María Juana , Nieves-Alegre Eduardo , Estrada-Chavira María Eugenia , Sánchez-Muñoz Maximino
Published: January 2025

Education currently requires a transversal approach, so determining the
impact that cognitive and educational approaches have on university
students, as part of university social responsibility, is of utmost
importance to reinforce professional training. As part of the research
methodology, a mixed approach is used on a case study; while the
project's methodology handles the 2030 agenda and the guide on the
types of university impacts. Thus, an appreciation of Reliability Statistics
in Cronbach's Alpha Scale is achieved with a 0.845, focused on the
educational-cognitive impact, which becomes relevant through
significant learning, this through the social-labor contribution, which
emerges from university social responsibility
Experimental proposal of a 'HALO'-type security device in a FORMULA SAE 2024 type vehicle
Authors: Noguez-Jimenez Víctor Manuel , Cordero-Guridi José de Jesús , Peréz-Carrillo Daniel , García-Tépox, José Domingo
Published: January 2025

This study conducts a numerical and experimental analysis of the use of a "Halo" device, inspired
by Formula 1, within the Formula SAE competition. Several alternatives were developed to meet
the regulatory requirements of Formula SAE, and the selected proposal was modeled in CATIA
V5 using both surface and solid modeling techniques. The model underwent a structural analysis
similar to the "Quasi-static Test 1" used for the Formula 1 "Halo," utilizing ANSYS Workbench
2023 R2 for finite element analysis (FEA). Additionally, physical tests were carried out to
validate and compare the virtual results, with the aim of assessing the relevance and benefits of
this safety device.
Optimization of the corn snack manufacturing process to reduce production costs
Authors: Bahena-Medina Lilia Araceli , Gómez-Vicario Miguel Angel , Reyes-Velázquez Alejandro , Landa-Mendoza Jatziri
Published: January 2025

This work was developed in an SME that is responsible for the production and distribution of
fried foods made of flour, wheat, corn and soy, through a semi-artisanal process. The company
received 17 complaints during a month, of which 8 (47.06%) pertain to the variation in the color
and flavor of the pigeon. 20 samples were obtained and the difference in the variation of the
seasoning was approximately 44.01%; From there, 18 tests were carried out and finally the one
that maintained the quality of the product and considered the best corn-seasoning relationship
was chosen. Initially, an average of 165 g of seasoning was used for each kilogram of corn, this
was reduced to 156 g. With the help of the test, the company's savings increased, resulting in a
14.03% reduction in what it cost to make said snack ($9,000 per month).
Impementation of an IoT-based crop irrigation system for adverse conditions
Authors: Osuna Eduardo , Ramírez Susana , Hernández Obrian , Beltrán Olga
Published: January 2025

In the face of global challenges such as climate change, water scarcity, and the need for increased
agricultural productivity, the adoption of advanced technologies in farming has never been more
crucial. One such technological innovation that holds immense promise is the irrigation system,
which leverages the Internet of Things (IoT) to optimize water usage and enhance crop growth.
The proposed system consist of a measuring temperature, relative humidity (RH) and soil
moisture. This data is used to to know how much water will be supplied to the plant. With this,
the waste of water will be reduced and the farmer will know if the crop has been estressed
trhoughout its life. It also has an alert system to send the user a notification if the crop is being
exposed to extreme weather conditions, or if there was a flood due to a possible accident in the
plantation.
Biogas production using cheese whey in a bioreactor controlled by an Arduino-based system
Authors: Nava-Saldaña Alberto , Rojas-Escobar Silvino , González-Contreras Brian Manuel , Guevara-García José Antonio
Published: January 2025

Implementation of a bioreactor with control and data capture to produce biogas from cheese whey
in a dark fermentation process is presented. Sensors MQ8 for hydrogen and MQ4 for methane (to
determine composition), ultrasound (for biogas volume), pressure, temperature and pH, were
integrated into a single Arduino card, plus two peristaltic pumps for pH control and feeding. A
single block programming allows data capture and pH control, while Excel interface allows a
single screen visualization of response graphs in real time. For start-up and testing, granular
activated sludge was used as inoculum, under anaerobic conditions, at pH 5.5 and 35 °C. 240 h
batch operation gave a production of 73 L H2 Kg-1 CODlactose. In later stages, the H2 production
kinetics will be carried out with the aim of optimizing, as well as the use of IoT for remote
monitoring of the system.
Proposed drinking water treatment system implementing activated carbon and calcium hypochlorite composition filters to prevent health problems of the inhabitants of irregular periurban areas
Authors: Torres-Rivero Ligia Adelayda , Basto-Pech Miguel Ángel , Sánchez-Quijano Luis Arcadio
Published: January 2025

The consequence of the growth of irregular settlements, the poor disposal of their
domestic gray water and solid waste damages the bodies of water, resulting in
damage to the health of the inhabitants. Objective to design a filter for the
inhabitants of marginalized areas that do not have the basic services of drinking
water and drainage, to reduce the pollutants present in the water and organic matter
present that damage h The filter will prevent the water extracted from the well and
from the drinking water intake, which supplies about 100 families, from affecting
their health. The irregular settlements do not have basic services so the purpose is
to improve the quality of life of the inhabitants, not only to focus on a single
settlement, but to replicate it in other municipalities so that the inhabitants will no
longer suffer injuries or illnesses from contaminated water. Methodology we use
the following NOM-014-SSA1-1993, evaluating physical and microbiological
parameters with the technique Readycult Enterococos-100 and Readycult E.Coli
100. Training to give workshops on the implementation of filters in household
intakes and water intakes supplied by wells, on the handling of calcium
hypochlorite tablets and the quantities of activated carbon.
Study of working conditions, lighting and noise in a local commercial company
Authors: Ramírez-Cárdenas Ernesto , López-Acosta Mauricio , Cervantes-Sotelo Mayra Yamile , Rivera-Ceballos Alba Jazmín
Published: January 2025

Possible actions to improve performance and job security in
organizations emerge from work environment studies. The
objective of this study was to generate prevention and/or control
actions to reduce risk factors associated with lighting and noise.
For its development, a questionnaire from the National Institute
of Safety and Hygiene at Work (INSHT) was applied to establish
the risk perception that workers have in relation to the lighting
conditions in their workplace. Following this, Standards NOM025-STPS-2008 and NOM-011-STPS-2001 were applied, both
related to Lighting and Noise Conditions in work centers
respectively. As results, the levels of noise and lighting in
different areas of the company were obtained, these levels were
compared with what was stipulated in the Regulations and
actions were generated with an orientation towards improving
health, quality of life and increasing the efficiency of the
workers.
Design of an alarm system for the inclusion of people with disabilities in the educational environment
Authors: Cruz-Orduña María Inés , Cruz-Luis Rodrigo Eliseo , Hernández-Herrera Jesús Alberto , Cruz-Castellanos Jorge Luis
Published: January 2025

Currently the participation of students in earthquake drills
is very important, even in places where there are no
records of large-scale earthquakes, however, when a
review of it is done, it is noted that the means of warning
are usually sound instruments, which leaves people with
hearing problems or hearing impairment with little
possibility of immediate response. This is the raison of this
work, the idea is to be able to attend to people with hearing
impairment in an immediate response.
Performance comparison in optimization algorithms for heart disease detection model
Authors: Rojas Rafael , Seseña Hiram , Zuñiga Mariana , Martínez Moisés
Published: January 2025

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of mortality worldwide,
necessitating robust predictive models for early diagnosis. This study
evaluates and compares the performance of support vector machine
(SVM) models optimized using genetic algorithm (GA) and particle
swarm optimization (PSO) techniques. A publicly available dataset with
health-related features was used, involving preprocessing steps like
handling missing values, encoding categorical variables, and feature
scaling. The models were assessed based on cross-validation accuracy,
test accuracy, and F1 score. Convergence plots were generated to
visualize the optimization process. Results highlight the effectiveness of
GA and PSO optimizations in enhancing SVM model performance for
predicting cardiovascular health outcomes. The comparison provides
insights into the relative strengths of each optimization method, guiding
the development of advanced predictive models for heart diseases
diagnosis and management.
Standardized tool for the identification and control of risks associated with tasks in the work environment
Authors: Cardona-Martinez Clara , Ramírez-Benhumea David Alejandro , Guevara-Hernández Eduardo , Beltran-Medina Paulina K.
Published: January 2025

Performing a risk analysis by activity allows you to identify and control the risks
associated with tasks in the work environment, reduce workplace hazards
associated with the risks, as well as prevent or reduce injuries and illnesses in the
worker. This article presents a standardized tool to perform a risk analysis by
activity, each of the proposed stages is detailed, such as the description of the
activity, identification of the risks present, description of the risks, identification of
damage or potential effect, risk control hierarchy, identification of current controls,
risk assessment and implementation of actions. Each of the stages takes you by the
hand to systematically carry out a risk analysis by activity. Finally, the effectiveness
of the tool implemented in carrying out a risk analysis is shown.
Genomic instability in a former high-performance athlete
Authors: Castañeda-Aguirre Víctor Elías , Rangel-Colmenero Blanca Rocío , García-Vielma Catalina , Cortes-Gutiérrez Elva Irene
Published: January 2025

This study investigated the impact of high-intensity exercise on
DNA damage. A former high-performance athlete was compared
with individuals who performed moderate exercise, evaluating
genetic damage using the comet single-cell gel electrophoresis
assay in blood samples. The results indicated greater DNA
damage in the former athlete, suggesting a possible relationship
between exercise intensity and genetic damage. However, due to
the limited sample size, larger studies are required to confirm
these findings and determine whether factors such as type of
sport or other variables could influence the results.
Design and development of universal leg prostheses with size adjustment using polylactic acid (PLA)
Authors: Murillo-Rendón Pablo Antonio , Cuate-Gómez Diego Hernán , Garzón-Román Abel , Lugo-Quintal Jesús Manuel
Published: January 2025

The history of leg prosthetics is a journey of continuous
innovation and progress. In Mexico, according to INEGI (2015),
there are 780,000 people with amputations; of the 75,000
amputees, only 10% have a prosthesis, and 7% do not know how
to use it. The leading cause is Type 2 diabetes. Current
prosthetics vary in cost and technology, ranging from hundreds
to hundreds of thousands of dollars. Losing a limb affects
mobility and psychological, social, and physical well-being.
Unlike the rudimentary ones of the past, modern prosthetics are
more advanced and functional. This study, with 50 participants,
analyzes various anthropometric measurements to design an
adjustable universal prosthesis, improving the quality of life for
amputees through an interdisciplinary approach combining
biomechanical analysis, material evaluation, and types of
prosthetics. The results highlight the importance of considering
gender for an optimal fit.
Estimation of lithium-ion battery state of health using an ensemble model integrated with random forest and linear regression techniques
Authors: Medina-Martínez Sergio Iván , Juárez-Toledo Carlos , Martínez-Carrillo Irma
Published: January 2025

The demand for efficient battery management systems, especially lithium-ion batteries in electric
vehicles, has increased with the transition to renewable energy. This study presents an ensemble
model that combines Random Forest and linear regression to accurately estimate the state of
health (SoH) of batteries. Using NASA data, divided into training, validation, and test sets, the
model showed an error margin below 1%. An outlier in battery B0007 suggests potential future
improvements in the model's generalization and applicability.
Evaluation of the grinding performance at the Saucito I Plant and optimization of the Knelson QS30 gravimetric concentrator
Authors: Contreras-Pimentel Luís Ángel , Nájera-López Aimeé Nataly , Villegas-Martínez Rodrigo Cervando , García-González Juan Manuel
Published: January 2025

Gravimetric concentration of minerals is a solid-solid separation process used to increase the
percentage of the desired mineral. The objective of this work is to evaluate the performance and
efficiency of grinding in a Knelson QS30 Gravimetric Concentrator, through the granulometric
distributions of the process streams, the efficiency of screens and circulating loads, for its
optimization in the extraction of Au and Ag in the Saucito I Plant. The experimentation was
carried out at the plant located in the El Saucito del Poleo Ejido in Fresnillo, Zac. To achieve the
objective, a sampling of the grinding area was carried out, some variables were kept constant, the
concentration time was modified at the same fluidization flow of the concentrator. The results
showed the need to optimize the concentration time. In conclusion, by optimizing the fluidization
flow and concentration cycle time, the concentration of gold is increased.
Implementation of DMAIC Methodology in a production line of the brewing industry
Authors: Colorado-Issa Cinthia Judith , López-Acosta Mauricio , Chacara-Montes Allán , García-Vilches Susana
Published: January 2025

This proposal was made in a company dedicated to producing beer. The study focuses on the
MEGB production line, which lacks continuous flow, presents line stoppages, operators' leisure
time and unnecessary routes. The situation was analyzed using the DMAIC methodology on the
line in order to determine adequate balancing at each workstation and achieve a continuous flow
free of waiting times. Applying the DMAIC methodology is a benefit for companies by reducing
process variation. The statistical method was used to calculate the necessary samples with a
confidence level of 95%. Likewise, some of the tools used are PQ analysis, spaghetti diagram,
operations graph, operator load graph, line balancing and finally a control plan was made.
Wind speed forecasting one step ahead using different input vectors in a neural network
Authors: Cadenas Erasmo , Méndez Alma-Rosa , Arreola Sixtos-Antonio , Campos Rafael
Published: January 2025

This study introduces a method for predicting wind speed in Baja California Sur, Mexico, using
long-short-term memory (LSTM) neural networks applied to hourly time series data.
Measurements from January 2016, provided by Mexico's Federal Electricity Commission (CFE),
were analyzed to optimize the model inputs and reduce forecast errors. The data was statistically
described to identify relevant patterns and then normalized to improve model training. Several
LSTM network configurations were tested and compared based on error metrics. Initial models
with six variables in input vectors were unsatisfactory. However, three additional models with
five, three, and two inputs were developed. The model with five inputs and one output (5I, 1O)
achieved the lowest error metrics: Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 0.72, Root Mean Square Error
(RMSE) of 0.923, and Normalized Root Mean Square Error (NRMSE) of 0.161, indicating the
best performance among the tested models.
Correlational study between learning styles and study habits in Computer Systems Engineering students
Authors: Mireles-Medina Antonia , Molina-Wong Ma. Del Refugio , Arredondo-Salcedo Daniel
Published: January 2025

This study analyzes the correlation between learning styles and study habits in Computer Systems
Engineering students at the Zacatecas Norte Higher Technological Institute, attached to the
National Technological Institute of Mexico. With a quantitative approach and cross-sectional
non-experimental design, questionnaires were applied to evaluate these variables to 30 students.
In the determination of the Rho Spearman correlation coefficient, the data of study habits and
each of the variables of learning styles such as: Pragmatic, active theoretical and reflective, were
statistically analyzed, the results obtained were: 0.021, 0.36, -0.16 and 0.20 respectively.
Innovative Ti/Fe/Eu-Carbon composite for Cephalexin adsorption
Authors: Gómez-Vilchis J.C. , García-Rosales G. , Lóngoria-Gándara L.C. , Tenorio-Castilleros D.
Published: January 2025

The study focused on developing an innovative material for the
adsorption of antibiotics in contaminated water. A biochar
modified with titanium (Ti), iron (Fe), and europium (Eu)
(Ti/Fe/Eu-Carbon) was synthesized to adsorb cephalexin (CEX)
from aqueous solutions. The biochar was characterized using
techniques such as SEM, EDS, and XPS, which confirmed the
presence and energy states of Ti, Fe, and Eu. The material
exhibited an impressive specific surface area of 232 m² g⁻¹ and a
mesoporous structure. Adsorption experiments revealed that
CEX adsorption occurs through both physisorption and
chemisorption, achieving a maximum adsorption capacity of 600
μg g⁻¹, compared to 90 μg g⁻¹ for unmodified biochar. Optimal
adsorption conditions were identified at pH 7 and a temperature
of 20°C, as the process was found to be exothermic and
spontaneous. Furthermore, the material demonstrated reusability
for up to eight cycles.
Electromagnetic theory: Electromagnetic pulse in the laboratory
Authors: Guzmán-Tinajero Pedro , Hernández-Gómez Víctor Hugo , Castro-Fuentes Aide
Published: January 2025

This article shows the process in the development of a laboratory
practice of Electromagnetic Theory, applied to the
Telecommunications, Systems and Electronics Engineering
Career, of the Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán (FESC)
belonging to the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
(UNAM). The objective for future engineers is to learn about the
impact of an electromagnetic pulse on electronic equipment. It
begins with the theoretical background of the electromagnetic
pulse, then basic oscillator circuits are addressed and an
experiment with a low-power electromagnetic pulse is developed.
The impact of the practice on the students is measured and with
it, conclusions are drawn, indicating the importance of this
knowledge for future engineers in telecommunications systems
and electronics.
Rapid optimization of decapod crustacean digestion for efficient microplastic extraction (MPs)
Authors: Pérez-Gómez E. O. , García-Rosales G. , Longoria-Gándara L. C.
Published: January 2025

The objective of this study was to develop and apply a rapid digestion protocol for extracting
microplastics (MPs) from commercial crab samples using four different digestion methods. The
methods employed included thermo alkaline digestion with potassium hydroxide (KOH),
oxidative digestion with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), enzymatic digestion with protease, and
digestion using the surfactant dodecyl dimethyl betaine (DDB). Among these, protocols 2 and 4
(P2 and P4) achieved efficient digestion rates of 93% and 96%, respectively. These protocols
were validated based on recovery percentage, repeatability, color assessment, and the chemical
integrity of the MPs. The MPs extracted were analyzed using optical microscopy, revealing their
presence in the forms of fibers, films, and fragments. Additionally, MPs were characterized by
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy in attenuated total reflectance mode (FTIR-ATR), with
spectral quality indices (Q) ranging from 0.82 to 0.90.
Reconditioning of a Satec 60WHVL universal machine for educational purposes
Authors: Quiñonez-Osuna José Ramón , Ontiveros-Acosta Armando , Viera-Ortiz Ulises Ismael , Flores-Aguilar María Dolores
Published: January 2025

An Instron universal testing machine (UTM) was made operational for educational proposes on
a low budge, at the Mazatlán campus of the National Institute of Technology of Mexico
(TecNM). The machine was inactive for 27 years due to the lack of funds for repairs and
calibration. This UTM is needed to undertake essential practices in engineering careers offered
by the institution. In addition to its repair its reconditioning represented the redesign of three
components: 1) the clamping system, 2) the general data collection system, and 3) the computer
program. It is noted that redesigns 2 and 3 were carried out with the objective of enabling the
staff at the institute to perform repairs and calibration on the data acquisition system as well as
providing maintenance to the electromechanical system. This significantly reduce costs both for
its current commissioning and future maintenance, since the original components, supplier
assistance, and calibration services are difficult for the institution to afford. The machine is
currently operational for experimental tests undertaken in the modules of Mechanics of Materials
and Mechanical Design, which are being taught to more than 150 students per semester.
Non-invasive analysis for detecting gear fractures in automotive transmissions
Authors: Zuñiga Mariana , Rojas Rafael , Nápoles Elías , Martínez Moisés
Published: January 2025

Vibration analysis has proven to be effective for detecting failures in rotating elements. The
objective of this study is to identify different failure conditions in a gear within an automotive
gearbox by inducing failures in the gear and subsequently processing the vibration signals in the
frequency domain using the Fast Fourier Transform. Two accelerometers were used to acquire
data from the automotive transmission under different operating frequencies, to identify patterns
indicative of failure in the damaged gear. The results show that the method can help identify the
failure in the gear according to the amplitude value, differentiating between failure due to fracture
and eccentricity. The increase in vibration levels is directly related to the severity of the failure
present in the gear.
Supported learning in STEAM and PBL methodology; Using 3D CAD Software for the mechanical design of sumo robot
Authors: Peña-Montes De Oca Adriana Isela , Gallardo-De La Rocha Alfonso , Hernández-Hernández Adriana Janette
Published: January 2025

The objective of this work was to ensure that the students of the 3rd quadrimester,
during the process of creating a robot, focusing only on its design and structure,
develop their potential for creativity, critical thinking, problem solving,
communication and collaboration (STEAM), increasing motivation, enjoyment and
commitment to your professional career. The creation of the mechanical design,
supported by the rules of participation for the Robomatrix competition, was carried
out through the application of knowledge, skills, tools and techniques applicable to
the methodology based on the disciplines: science, technology, engineering, art and
mathematics (STEAM). ), with the focus on problem solving through Project-Based
Learning (PBL) and the use of CAD-type design software; in addition to physical
resources, materials, equipment, software, licenses, etc. As a result, the mechanical
design of the structure of a sumo robot was obtained, for which the manufactured
parts were assembled according to the design and functional tests were carried out.
It was evident that the development of experiences in the area of robotics have
allowed the participating students to improve their performance by an approximate
percentage of 18%, mainly due to the development of creativity, responsibility and
social leadership.
ON THE ROLE OF FERTILIZERS AND SEEDING RATES IN THE CULTIVATION OF VARIOUS TYPES OF SPRING WHEAT ON THE GRAY FOREST SOIL OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN
Authors:   Kazan state agrarian university, Daminova Anisa Ildarovna , Garaev Razil Ilsurovich ,   Kazan state agrarian university, Serganov Igor Mikhailovich ,   Kazan state agrarian university, Shaikhutdinov Farit Sharipovich ,   Kazan state agrarian university, Kuznetsova Anastasia Maksimovna ,   Kazan state agrarian university
Published: January 2025

In the conditions of the northern part of the forest steppe of the Middle Volga region, the influence of a nutritional background with different seeding rates on the productivity of varieties of various types of spring wheat included in the state register was studied. The entire experimental part of the work was carried out from 2022 to 2023 in a field belonging to the Kazan State Agrarian University with gray forest medium loamy soil. Agrochemical characteristics of this soil: The pH of the salt is 5.7, humus is 3.39% (according to Tyurin), the amount of absorbed bases is 27.0 mg–eq/1000 g of soil, the content of easily hydrolyzable nitrogen is 110 mg/1000 g. The content of mobile phosphorus is 240 mg/1000 g of soil, and potassium is 189 mg/1000 g of soil (according to Kirsanov). As the seeding rate increased from 4 to 7 million seeds, the number of seedlings increased in both varieties of spring soft wheat. It was found that under the influence of the nutritional background and various seeding rates, the highest yield increase was achieved when calculated fertilizer rates were applied per 3 tons of grain per 1 ha with a sowing of 6 million tons. germinating seeds per 1 hectare of 0.72 tons and 0.70 tons per 1 hectare were provided by spring wheat varieties Ulianovskaya 105, Tulaykovskaya Nadezhda. On average, in 2022-2023, the optimal seeding rate for double-grain wheat (spelt) turned out to be 5 million germinating seeds on both food backgrounds. Tulaykovskaya Nadezhda variety turned out to be more adapted to the growing conditions of the Republic of Tatarstan from soft wheat, and sample K-10456 from two-grain wheat (spelt).
VITAMIN C CONTENT IN VARIOUS ONION VARIETIES
Authors:   Bashkir state agrarian university, Cherkashina Maria Ilyinichna ,   Arctic state agrotechnological university, Alimgafarov Rail Rafikovich ,   Bashkir state agrarian university, Kuznetsov Igor Yuryevich ,   Bashkir state agrarian university, Cherkashina Anna Georgievna ,   Arctic state agrotechnological university
Published: January 2025

Mineral fertilizers and growth regulators, as well as biotic and abiotic factors, play an important role in the accumulation of ascorbic acid. Field experiments conducted (2022-2023) in the fields of the Department of Crop Production, Plant Breeding and Biotechnology at the Educational and Scientific Center of the Bashkir State Agrarian University, the Southern Forest-steppe of the Republic of Bashkortostan showed that when applying mineral fertilizers and growth regulators, there is a dynamic in Vitamin C content, so during the period of laboratory research conducted in the Laboratory of Biochemical Analysis and Biotechnology, Scientific-educational center of Bashkir State Agrarian University. Increased values of the average monthly temperature compared to the long-term average: in May, the excess of the norm was 13°C; in June-August, it was in the range of 15.2-26.9 °C. The amount of precipitation during the growing season was 42-69% of the norm. In August, this trend continued - the temperature was above the long-term average by 6.8-7.2 °C, and precipitation totaled 0.6-1.2 mm (1-2% of normal). Thus, the growing season of 2022-2023 was characterized by an increase in air temperature and a significant decrease in precipitation. The maximum amount of ascorbic acid was found in the Bashkir onion variety Iglinsky 2 (included in the State Register in 2022) in the variant with the growth regulator Epin-Extra in the background of nutrition Control (without fertilizers) 23.1 mg% with an experimental average of 13.28 mg% and in the background of nutrition N90P90K90 variant with the growth regulator Heteroauxin 17.85 mg%, with an experimental average of 26.32 mg%.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE TECHNOLOGY OF MEAT PASTE WITH PREBIOTICS FOR SPECIAL TYPES OF NUTRITION
Authors:   Don state agrarian university, Serdyukova Yana Plamenovna , Komkova Olga Gennadievna ,   Don state agrarian university
Published: January 2025

In order to preserve the health of the population and improve the quality of life, much attention has recently been paid to the use of functional foods with high nutritional and biological value in the daily diet, which is one of the ways to solve this problem, including special types of food that use the method of combining meat and vegetable raw materials. Based on the analysis of literature and experimental data, the requirements for the composition and nutritional value of meat and vegetable pates with prebiotics are formulated and formalized. They are functional food ingredients with a universal synergistic effect that stimulate the intestinal microflora and can be supplemented with a whole range of effects that occur when combined with functional food ingredients and components of various food groups. Safety indicators, nutritional and biological values, amino acid, fatty acid and mineral balance, as well as microstructural, structural and mechanical characteristics of functional meat pates have been established. As a result of the research, it was determined that with an increase in the dose of chickpea flour, the protein content in the paste increases, and the dependence of the qualitative characteristics of the meat paste on the dose of application was determined. Based on studies of functional, technological and microbiological parameters of meat, vegetable raw materials and the finished product, rational modes of production and storage of pates with guaranteed safety and high nutritional and biological value have been established.
STUDY OF THE HEPTOTOXIC EFFECT OF AN INSECTICIDAL DRUG CONTAINING CYPERMETHRIN
Authors:   Saratov state university of genetics, biotechnology and engineering named after N.I. Vavilov, Semivolos Alexander Methodievich , Rakhmatullin Emil Kasymovich ,   Federal center for toxicological, radiation and biological safety
Published: January 2025

The article presents information on the study of the state of the detoxification system of the liver of calves when using the insecticidal drug Biorex-GC. The results of the experimental studies showed that after a single spraying of calves with Biorex-GC emulsion with 0.6% and 0.2% concentrations, the general condition and behavior of the experimental animals did not change, signs of depression, toxicosis, and death of calves were not observed. After applying Biorex-GC at a concentration of 0.6% after 15 days, there was a significant increase in bilirubin by 115.8%, GLDH activity by 238%, alkaline phosphatase by 78.1% and ALT by 104%. On the 31st day of the study, unreliable changes in biochemical parameters in the blood serum of calves were noted. After spraying calves with Biorex-GC 0.2% concentration, there are slight fluctuations in the amount of bilirubin, urea, total protein, enzyme activity of the de Ritis, Schmidt coefficients and the R index (P≥0.05). Simultaneous determination of the activity of ALT and AST enzymes in the blood is more informative from a clinical point of view and allows us to assess the localization and nature of the lesion, the activity of the process and predict the outcome of the disease. When studying the toxicity of pyrethroid insecticidal drugs, it is very informative to study the activity of GlDH. GlDH is located in the mitochondria and the degree of increase in its activity reflects the degree of cytolysis in toxic liver damage. According to its level, it is possible to draw a conclusion about the severity of the pathological process. Biorex-GC in 0.2% concentration does not cause changes in the biochemical parameters of calves' blood and does not disrupt the metabolism and activity of calves' blood enzymes. The results of the study indicate that Biorex-GC, with the recommended method of use, does not lead to the development of pathological reactions, and also does not have a toxic effect on the liver and on the body of calves, as evidenced by the dynamics of changes in the biochemical parameters of experimental calves. The dynamics of biochemical parameters indicates the active participation of the liver in the metabolism of Biorex-GC, and the acricidal drug does not have a hepatotoxic effect.
THE LEVEL OF HOMOCYSTEINE IN BLOOD PLASMA IN CHRONIC RENAL DISEASE IN CATS
Authors:   Kazan (Volga Region) Federal university, Karimova Rufiya Gabdelhaevna
Published: January 2025

Chronic kidney disease is a common pathology, especially in older cats. The search for biomarkers of chronic renal disease is an urgent problem in veterinary medicine. Hyperhomocysteinemia in mammals is associated with a decrease in glomerular filtration rate, but in cats the mechanism of increasing homocysteine levels in the blood has not been studied. This work is devoted to the study of homocysteine levels in the blood plasma of cats with chronic renal disease at various stages. In the study group, all cats already had obvious symptoms suggesting chronic kidney disease, and high creatinine levels confirmed the preliminary diagnosis. The urea level was also higher than the reference values, which is a marker of uremic delay in chronic renal disease and the adequacy of intradialysis removal of dissolved substances. The detected hypernatremia and hypochloremia indicated significant damage to kidney tissue. We have not conducted additional studies of the functional state of the cardiovascular system, and we have not received data on the absence or presence of renocardial syndrome, therefore, the changes described in this work are explained only for chronic renal disease. The activity of aspartate and alaniaminotransferases remained at the level of reference values. In healthy cats, there is no correlation between creatinine and urea levels, and hyperhomocysteinemia is a consequence of the development of pathological processes in the kidneys. Homocysteine levels cannot serve as a risk factor for chronic renal disease and cannot be suggested for early diagnosis of this pathology. Plasma homocysteine levels increase in chronic renal disease in cats and positively correlate with serum creatinine and urea concentrations. The data obtained allow us to recommend the measurement of plasma homocysteine as a predictive factor in the development of chronic renal disease in cats.