bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Categories of Space and Time in Solving the Problems of the Future of Mining
Authors:   Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, Arens Victor Zh.
Published: October 2024

ions, and challenges that must be taken into account when designing the future life of society. The object of the research is mining. The purpose of the study is to provide integrated directions for the development of the future of mining related to the content of the subject of Earth Science, robotization of human labor, environmental protection and research on the formation of new mineral deposits. The objectives of the research are based on scientific knowledge about mining, and using philosophical reflections (laws of the development of the world, society and mining, moral categories and values of mining engineers) and debatable issues of political science (political processes and phenomena), to answer a number of pressing questions related to the future of mining Methodology and the research methods are based on a normative-value, systemic, comparative and interdisciplinary integrated approach (mining, philosophy, political science), which allows the author to comprehensively explore ways to solve the problems of the future of mining. The work has also been carried out on the basis of general scientific principles of objectivity, consistency with the use of general scientific and private scientific research methods: analysis, synthesis, generalization, induction and deduction. Research results are as follows: it is necessary to develop a concept for the mining development in the coming years; increased attention is required to the organization of science and education, since the mining strategy is largely the basis for the development and existence of our country and its security; mining science should offer new revolutionary technologies for exploration, extraction and processing of mineral raw materials; increase the pace of development of branch mining sciences; effective and updated training of mining engineers with a large amount of information, knowledge, skills and analytical skills when making decisions in controversial and crisis situations; a reasonable concept of human behavior in modern conditions; conducting research on the formation of new mineral deposits.
Elemental Composition of Plants of the Duckweed Family (Lemnaceae) as an Indicator of Natural-Technogenic Conditions in the Tomsk Region
Authors:   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Baranovskaya Anna Yu. , Baranovskaya Natalia V. ,   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Sudyko Alexander F. ,   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
Published: October 2024

The work is devoted to the study of the indicator properties of the elemental composition of aquatic plants of the duckweed family (Lemnaceae). This plant family can act as an optimal geoindicator due to its wide distribution area, high rate of biomass growth and resistance to eco-geochemical environmental conditions. The carried out research touches upon one of the most pressing problems of geoecology and ecogeochemistry, the search for objective indicators of the state of the environment. The data are presented on the content of 28 chemical elements in duckweeds, determined using instrumental neutron activation analysis. Statistical indicators of the variability of chemical elements depending on the natural and man-made conditions of the regions of the Tomsk region have been studied. The object of the research isaquatic plants of the duckweed family (Lemnaceae). The purpose of the research is to determine changes in indicator indexes of the content and ratio of chemical elements in the composition of plants of the duckweed family, depending on the ecological and geochemical situation of the Tomsk regionterritory, formed as a result of the complex influence of natural and man-made environmental factors. Using geochemical approaches, the formation specifics of the elemental composition of aquatic plants depending on the geo-ecological situation of the region have been determined, indicator indexes of the rare earth and radioactive elements ratio have been identified in the areas where oil refining industry enterprises, the nuclear fuel cycle are located, as well as the presence of natural anomalies. It has been established that the La/Ce ratio in duckweeds of the Tomsk region varies within a narrow range from 0,2 to 0,6, the ave­rage value is 0,4. The value of the Th/U ratio varies over a wide range, from 0,02 to 154. In general, it has been shown that the elemental composition of aquatic plants of the duckweed family carries information about the current ecological and geochemical situation of the study area and can serve as an indicator of the environmentstate.
Socio-Economic Effects оf Public-Private Partnership Infrastructure Projects: the Piers System and Russian Practice
Authors:   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, Malysheva Tatyana E. , Malysheva Elena E. ,   Versus. Finance LLC
Published: October 2024

The paper examines the effects arising from the implementation of infrastructure projects through public-private partnerships. The relevance of the work is reflected in the consideration of PPP projects from the point of view of compliance with the goals of sustainable development: this approach correlates with the people-first PPP concept proposed by the UN, according to which PPP projects should become an important tool for achieving sustainability. The program of construction of university campuses under the National Project "Science and Universities", which involves the construction of social infrastructure, has been chosen as an industry for a more in-depth study. The object of the study is the socio-economic effects of Russian PPP projects. The research objective is as follows: to assess the degree of inclusion of sustainability issues in the process of selection for PPP projects for implementation in Russia. The objectives of the study are: to analyze the formal requirements of Russian legislation for the assessment of socio-economic effects of PPP projects in general and in the campus development industry in particular; to identify the main effects mentioned in the implementation of various PPP projects; to assess the formal requirements for the degree of compliance with the objectives of sustainable development, as well as the criteria of the PIERS system developed with the support of the United Nations. The example of the Chizhik tramway is considered as a successful PPP market project. The methods of comparative analysis, comparison and generalization, transferring the experience of foreign countries to the situation in Russia are used. As a result, the superficiality of requirements to the socio-economic effects of PPP projects and insufficiency of their assessment in terms of impact on possible stakeholders have been revealed; the current development of the Russian PPP market does not fully meet the SDGs and UN recommendations.
Comparative Analysis of the Results of the Elections to the Regional Parliaments of the Republic of Buryatia and the Transbaikal Region in 2023
Authors:   Buryat State University named after D. Banzarov, Budaev Bator S. , Zimina Natalia V. ,   Transbaikal State University,   State Medical Academy
Published: October 2024

The article provides a comparative analysis of the main results of the elections to the regional parliaments of the Republic of Buryatia and the Transbaikal Region. The conducted analysis actualizes the study. The object of the study is the regional election campaign for the election of deputies of the regional legislative authorities of the Republic of Buryatia and the Transbaikal Region. The purpose of the study is a comparative analysis of the course and results of elections to regional parliaments, identification of common and distinct features and peculiarities. In accordance with the set goal, the tasks are defined: to identify the main features of the indicators for the nomination of candidates for the post of deputies of regional legislative bodies in the Republic of Buryatia and the Transbaikal Region; to determine the main features of the election campaign in the Republic of Buryatia and the Transbaikal Region. The methodological basis of the research is the institutional approach. As the authors note, there have been quite significant changes compared to the 2022 elections. Firstly, the composition of participants in the electoral competition has changed, in particular, not only the share of non-party nominees has decreased, but also the number of candidates from non-systemic political parties. Secondly, there has been a consolidation of society, as a result of which the positions of the “party of power” strengthened and the possibilities of minority parties weakened. This has also affected the governance of the parliament, which has become more “obedient”. At the same time, each region has its own characteristics. In Buryatia, compared with the Transbaikal Region, a much smaller number of political parties participated in the electoral race and the possibilities of the “party of power” are somewhat higher. At the same time, the New People party joined the parliament in the parliamentary elections in Buryatia, but not in Transbaikalia. These and other circumstances allow us to speak about the beginning of a new stage in the development of political parties, where the positions of the “party of power” are once again strengthening and opposition forces are weakening. It is concluded that the role of regional branches of political parties in the political space of Russian regions is increasingly being minimized.
Ways to Intensify the Uninhabited Regions Development in the Russian Federation
Authors:   Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, Arens Viktor Zh. , Shumilova Lidiya V. ,   Transbaikal State University
Published: October 2024

The uninhabited regions development in the Russian Federation, located in remote and hard-to-reach areas of Siberia and the Far East, where up to 90 % of the estimated resources of especially valuable (strategic) raw materials have been explored, is an important scientific and practical problem. Energy supply of territories in extreme climate conditions, including the Arctic shelf, will ensure the new logistics solutions implementation in the field of exporting ore raw materials to the world market by cheap water transport. The object of the study is the uninhabited regions of the Russian Federation. The purpose of the study is to present a thesis expert assessment of the draft general strategy for the intensification of the development of the Eastern regions of Russia, taking into account the current level of technology and its development. Research objectives are as follows: making an expert assessment of the draft general strategy for the intensification of the development of the Eastern regions of Russia, based on information from speeches by outstanding scientists, professors, members of the Russian Academy of Sciences V. B. Ivanov, P. P. Poluektov, A. A. Vertman, V. Zh. Arens; identifying promising areas for the implementation of the development strategy of uninhabited regions of the Russian Federation on the basis of various types of nuclear power plants. The methodology and methods of the study consist in applying a comparative approach to the implementation of domestic and foreign solutions in the uninhabited regions’ development. The article outlines the technical and economic considerations, made by V. B. Ivanov, P. P. Poluektov, A. A. Vertman, V. Zh. Arens. The general system strategy for the uninhabited regions’ development of the Russian Federation on the basis of nuclear power plants of various types is briefly considered: floating nuclear power plants located on offshore non-self-propelled extreme barges; underground nuclear power plants based on mastered reactors of submarines of the Navy, which can be built in typical horizontal tunnels; mini-river-based nuclear power plants. The underground location of the mini-NPP allows for the safe operation of nuclear power sources. Expert assessments have shown that the project to intensify the Eastern regions development in Russia can now be successfully implemented.
The Content of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Street Dust of the Coal Mining Region of Southern Kuzbass
Authors:   Tomsk Polytechnic University, Osipova Nina A. , Talovskaya Anna V. ,   Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Azarova Svetlana V. ,   Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Azarova Svetlana V. ,   Tomsk Polytechnic University, Kutischev Alexey S. ,   Federal Research Center for Coal and Coal Chemistry of the Siberian Branch  of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novikov Sergey A. ,   Tomsk Polytechnic University
Published: October 2024

The relevance of the research is caused by the need to evaluate the content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) formed during coal combustion. The object of the study is street dust of Mezhdurechensk (Kemerovo region). The purpose of the work is to assess the level of accumulation of the polyarenes. The subject is the determination of the 14 polyarenes content. Methodology and methods are as follows: the samples are selected according to the standard methodology of the areal network. The analysis has been carried out by chromatography-mass spectrometry. The following results are obtained: The average total PAH content is 2 148±364 mkg/kg, a maximum value is 4 011 mkg/kg and a minimum – 401 mkg/kg. The content of heavy PAHs (1 432±163 mkg/kg) is twice as high as the content of light PAHs (716±202 mkg/kg) and the percentage of benz(a)pyrene is 17,0–33,8 %, which is typical for territories where fuel is burned. The distribution of PAHs by granulometric fractions has showed the fairly uniform accumulation of PAHs in small (50–20 microns) and medium (100–50 microns) fractions and their predominance compared with large (1 000–100 microns) fractions: 43,5, 37,22, 19,63 % accordingly. The amount of PAHs expressed in equivalents of the most dangerous carcinogen benz(a)pyrene is 570±140 mkg/kg, and exceeded the MPC (20 mkg/kg) by an average of 28,5 times. The contribution of benz(a)pyrene to the total toxicity is 91 %. The authors conclude that the main sources of PAHs are their emission during coal combustion, their direct presence in coals, and to a lesser extent – the loss of petroleum products during transport.
Study of the Possibility of Using Fulvic Acid for the Flotation Extraction of Vanadium Based on the Calculation of Molecular Descriptors
Authors:   Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University, Medyanik Nadezhda L. , Smirnova Anastasia V. ,   Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University, Karelina Yulia A. ,   Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University, Baskov Vladislav A. ,   Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University
Published: October 2024

The relevance of the work lies in the need to process acidic productive solutions containing the valuable component vanadium in the form of vanadyl cations. The object of study in this work is fulvic acid (FulvAc), and the subject is the possibility of its use as a flotation reagent-collector of vanadyl cations. The purpose of the work is to study the possibility of flotation extraction of vanadium from acidic productive solutions. To achieve the goal, the following tasks are set: selection of a selectively acting collecting reagent in relation to a valuable component based on the "structure-property / activity-property" principle; carrying out molecular calculations, including structural, physicochemical and quantum chemical parameters of a new reagent of natural origin - fulvic acids; application of a software package for modeling and visualization of "substrate-reagent" systems; studying the mechanism of interaction between FulvAc molecules and the substrate [VO(H2O)4]2+; implementation of laboratory flotation testing of the collecting reagent. The following special research methods are used in the work: chemical modeling and analysis using The Cambridge Crystallographic Data Center (CCDC) and Avogadro software systems. Calculations of molecular descriptors of flotation activity of a new organic reagent FulvAc in relation to the extractable valuable component vanadium (metal substrate), which quantitatively allow to evaluate the possibility of using FulvAc for flotation extraction of vanadium substrate from solutions based on the principle of "structure-property/activity-property", are presented. The calculation of molecular descriptors carried out in this work has showed that FulvAc due to phenolic, hydroxyl, carbonyl and carboxyl groups are able to form chelate complexes with vanadium cations, oxygen heteroatoms cause chemisorption centers. Vanadium in acidic productive solutions is in the form of vanadyl cations (VO)2+ and aquavanadylcations [VO(H2O)4]2+, which show the properties of complexing agents. Modeling of flotosystems "substrate-reagent" formation with the use of The Cambridge Crystallographic Data Center software is carried out. The possibility of formation of stable substrate-reagent flotation system "(VO)2+ / [VO(H2O)4]2+– FulvAc" by charge-controlled mechanism has been proved.
“The Sahra Wagenknecht Alliance – Reason and Justice” and the Split of the Left-Wing Party Opposition in Germany: Crisis or Renewal?
Authors:   Far Eastern State Transport University, Spassky Evgeny N.
Published: October 2024

The paper is devoted to the emergence of a new German political party “Sarah Wagenknecht Union – Reason and Justice” (party “SWU”). The relevance of the study lies in the fact that the stated scientific problematic is of particular interest in the context of the current geopolitical situation, which dictates the need to take into account the positions of new groups through the prism of Russian national and foreign policy interests. The object of this study is the political party “SWU”. The aim of the research is to view the new party and the political consequences of its emergence for the left-wing party opposition. To attain the goal comparative and structural-genetic methods were used, allowing us to trace the dynamics of formation and development of left-wing groups in united Germany. The research tasks include the analysis of the political and ideological prerequisites for the SWA emergence; a study of the organizational and structural features of its formation; the identification of the political consequences of a new grouping both for the left-wing party opposition and the party system as a whole. The research results embrace the reasons for the emergence of the party “SWU”; the origins of the internal conflict in the Left party which led to the formation of a new political grouping; the program settings of the SWA and its electoral prospects; the consequences of the formation of a new party both for left-wing political forces and the party system as a whole. The research conclusions underline the following ideas. The emergence of a new party on the German political scene such as the party “SWU” marks a new stage in the development of both the left movement and its party system as a whole. For the Left, this means that the phase of their consolidation has been replaced by a phase of disintegration, which has taken the form of a party split. For the German party system, the creation of the party “SWU” can have two consequences. On the one hand, the emergence of a new left-wing party indicates further fragmentation and pluralization of the political system. On the other hand, it is becoming obvious that the impact of existing parties, primarily the “Alternative for Germany” and the “Left” is decreasing. For the “Left”, the activity of the party “SWU” is an existential threat and may lead to its disappearance as a pan-German parliamentary grouping. The prospects for the influence of the party “SWU” is related to the relevance of the political agenda that the new party will offer to voters as well as to its organizational stability.
Statistical Characteristics of the Data of Temperature Monitoring of the Soil Bases of the Foundations of Buildings in Salekhard for 2018–2023 as a Basis for Automating the Process of Primary Data Processing
Authors:   Arctic Research Center, Shein Alexander N. , Bashkova Anna A. ,   Arctic Research Center,   Institute of the Earth's Cryosphere, Tyumen Scientific Center, Siberian Branch  of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: October 2024

The Arctic today is a dynamically developing territory where the construction and operation of infrastructure are complicated by the presence of permafrost. Climatic changes and anthropogenic factors have a negative impact on their condition. In this regard, studies of the current and forecast state of permafrost in natural and anthropogenic conditions are relevant, which is necessary for the formation of plans for adaptation to climate change, design and engineering surveys work, and risk ma­nagement. Monitoring the temperature regime of soils at the base of the existing infrastructure seems to be the most obvious solution for monitoring the state of permafrost. The object of the study is the soil foundation of buildings erected on permafrost. The subject of the study is data obtained using an automated soil temperature control system for the foundations of capital construction facilities in Salekhard. For the purpose of identifying negative changes in the bearing capacity of permafrost at early stages, the task of determining a set of criteria based on the analysis of temperature monitoring data and their statistical characteristics is solved. In Salekhard wells were drilled at the base of 30 buildings to the depth of the foundation, where thermometric equipment was installed. The sensors measure the soil temperature every 3 hours and transmit it to the server for analysis. As a result, the possibility of using the amplitude of annual fluctuations in the temperature of the soil base and the capacity of the seasonal melt layer under the building to assess the effectiveness of the soil thermal stabilization system is shown. By analyzing the average and maximum temperature values in the bases of objects, it is possible to identify objects with weakened zones. A set of criteria is given for identifying objects with negative changes in the frozen base, and statistical characteristics can serve as a basis for automating the process of processing monitoring data. The information obtained on the parameters of permafrost under buildings will allow us to determine the current state of the soil foundations and predict the development of the situation in order to prevent the destruction of infrastructure.
PROGNOSTIC VALUES OF CIRCADIAN RHYTHM AND SLEEP PARAMETERS IN ASSESSMENT OF STATE ANXIETY IN PARKINSON’S DISEASE WITH REGARD TO MOTOR SUBTYPE
Authors: Shkodina Anastasiia , Tarianyk Kateryna , Delva Mykhailo
Published: October 2024

Introduction. Parkinson’s disease is characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms, the connection between which has recently attracted much attention from researchers. Sleep disturbances and anxiety can be non-motor signs of Parkinson’s disease. The specificity of non-motor symptoms in different motor subtypes is being actively studied, with the PIGD (postural instability and gait difficulty) subtype being associated with more severe non-motor symptoms.
Methods. We conducted a clinical monocentric cross-sectional study that included 64 patients with Parkinson’s disease. Patients were assessed according to the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, and their motor subtype was determined by calculations using the method of Jankovich and Stebbins. We assessed circadian rhythm using the Ukrainian version of the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire, sleep quality – using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, excessive daytime sleepiness – using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and state anxiety – using the first block of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory.
Results. Our sample consisted of approximately equal numbers of men and women with a mean age of 63.80 ± 9.30 years. All patients were approximately equally distributed by motor subtype and sleep quality. At the same time, our sample was dominated by patients with a high level of state anxiety, morning chronotype, and the absence of excessive daytime sleepiness. State anxiety demonstrated a moderate direct correlation with sleep latency, mid-sleep, subjective sleep quality, subjective sleep latency, sleep disturbance, and total score of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and a moderate indirect association with average weekly light exposure. It was found that an increased mid-sleep time, a decreased average weekly light exposure during the day, poor sleep quality, and PIGD subtype elevated the odds of more severe situational anxiety.
Conclusions. Our study demonstrates the relationship between the level of situational anxiety and parameters of sleep and circadian rhythm in patients with Parkinson’s disease, considering their motor subtype. It was found that a later mid-sleep, lower average weekly light exposure, poor sleep quality, and PIGD subtype of Parkinson’s disease had a prognostic role regarding the increase in state anxiety
A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF JAUNDICE IN INFANTS IN KYIV FROM 2017 TO 2021
Authors: Kachalova Olga , Ipatii Nataliia , Gnyloskurenko Ganna , Aliusef Maiia , Mityuryayeva Inga , Molochek Nataliia
Published: October 2024

Study objectives. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of inpatient medical care in Kyiv (diagnostic capabilities and prescription of phototherapy) for newborns with various clinical forms of jaundice during 2017–2021.
Methods. We performed a retrospective analysis of 616 infant jaundice cases of various clinical forms at the Department of Neonatal Pathology at Children's Clinical Hospital No. 6 in Kyiv (2017–2021), diagnosed as ICD P59 neonatal jaundice (NJ) and prolonged jaundice (PJN) and P55 hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) based on the relevant criteria. For statistical analysis, MedStat (v2.6.2) and EZR (v1.61) were used.
The analysis showed that hospitalization with various forms of jaundice decreased in 2021 by about 2.1 times vs. 2018 and by 1.5 times vs. 2017 (p < 0.001). PJN was more common (55.0%) than NJ (39.8%) and HDN (5.2%), p < 0.001. A logistic regression model (AUC = 0.785) showed that the manifestation of PJN might be influenced by a history of cesarean section. At the time of hospitalization, there was no significant difference between the bilirubin levels measured by two methods: total serum bilirubin (TSBa) and transcutaneous bilirubin (TcBa), p = 0.380. Children with HDN (84.4%) were more likely to require phototherapy for more than 5 days than children with NJ (63.7%) and PJN (62.2%), p < 0.05.
Conclusion. The study showed a decrease in the number of hospitalizations for jaundice in infants from 2017 to 2021. The prevalence of PJN was higher than NJ. A history of cesarean section was associated with PJN. Median bilirubin levels showed no significant difference between the two methods. Children with HDN more often required prolonged phototherapy, which was probably due to a less effective daily decline in bilirubin levels.
THE STATE OF PERIODONTAL TISSUES IN MILITARY PERSONNEL OF THE ARMED FORCES OF UKRAINE DEPENDING ON THE PSYCHO-EMOTIONAL STATE
Authors: Bilan Vasyl , Bandrivsky Yurii
Published: October 2024

The aim of the study: To assess the periodontal tissue condition of military personnel in the Armed Forces of Ukraine based on their psycho-emotional state.
Materials and methods. A periodontal examination was conducted on 142 male military personnel of the Armed Forces of Ukraine who were undergoing rehabilitation or were on rotation, in order to achieve the stated goal. The age range of the subjects was 27 to 60 years, and their period of stay in the combat zone ranged from 3 months to 2 years. The patients underwent clinical and dental examination according to a standardized scheme, which included taking anamnesis and analyzing patients' complaints. The periodontal tissue condition was assessed using Danilevsky's M.F. (1994) classification, with additions by Mashchenko I.S. (2002).
To identify symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in military personnel of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, we administered the PSL-5 questionnaire developed by the National Centre for PTSD. We also determined the presence and degree of psychoemotional stress in the study group using the methodology of Holmes T.H. and Rahe R.H. (1967). The level of reactive and personal anxiety was measured using the Spielberger-Hanin method, specifically the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) from 1970.
Results. The study found that the presence of PTSD in military personnel of the Armed Forces of Ukraine intensifies periodontal tissue diseases. This is shown by an increase in advanced forms of generalized periodontitis (19.74±4.50 % of patients with PTSD vs. 5.00±4.87 % of patients without PTSD, p<0.01) and a minimal frequency of detection of inflammatory diseases of periodontal tissues (p<0.05). The study examined the correlation between periodontal tissue diseases and stress resistance and reactive anxiety levels in military personnel of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. The results showed that patients with a very high and high degree of stress resistance and a low level of reactive anxiety (I, II groups) exhibited a greater degree of resistance to stress. No changes were made to the original text as it already adheres to the desired characteristics. Inflammatory diseases were found to be more prevalent in the structure of periodontal diseases. Meanwhile, dystrophic-inflammatory lesions of periodontal tissues were more common in individuals with threshold resistance to stress and moderate reactive anxiety (III group) and those with low resistance to stress and high levels of reactive anxiety (IV group).
Conclusions. The study found a close relationship between the psychoemotional disorders of the subjects and the condition of their periodontal tissues. This relationship is likely one of the leading factors that determine the intensity and severity of inflammatory and dystrophic-inflammatory diseases of periodontal tissues in this cohort of patients.
NEUROTROPIC PROPERTIES OF RETROVIRUSES IN THE CONTEXT OF ANXIETY-DEPRESSIVE AND COGNITIVE DISORDERS IN HIV-POSITIVE PATIENTS
Authors: Chemych Mykola , Sosnovenko Dmytro
Published: October 2024

The aim: a comprehensive assessment and comparison of the prevalence of undiagnosed anxiety-depressive and cognitive symptoms in HIV-positive individuals at different stages of the disease who have been undergoing treatment for an extended period.
Materials and methods According to the criteria of the scientific project, 71 HIV-positive individuals undergoing outpatient treatment with a compensated condition were involved. To explore dependencies on clinical stages (ClSt) of HIV infection and search for gender differences, the study was divided into 2 stages, respectively. The research included the collection of epidemiological and clinical-anamnestic data, as well as laboratory studies. Clinical-psychopathological and psychometric methods were used. Inclusion criteria for the study were HIV-positive status, receiving ART for more than 6 months, adulthood, and voluntary consent to participate. The obtained information was statistically processed by mathematical methods of statistics, using ANOVA criteria, Student's t-test, etc. Elements of neurocognitive and anxiety-depressive symptomatology were considered, utilizing GAD-7, HADS, and MMSE scales.
Results: In patients of different groups in the first stage of the study, a gradually increasing level of anxiety and cognitive impairments was identified, depending on the stage of HIV infection. In the second stage of the study, gender and stage-related differences in anxiety and cognitive disorders were found in patients of all groups.
Conclusions. Individuals in the first clinical stage (I ClSt) exhibited the least anxiety-depressive and cognitive disorders, indicating emotional and cognitive stability at this stage of HIV infection. HIV-infected individuals in the second and third clinical stages (II and III ClSt) demonstrated a progressive tendency toward anxious and depressive disorders, indicating a stage-dependent relationship to the progression of the disease. Patients in the fourth clinical stage (IV ClSt) showed the most pronounced anxious, depressive, and cognitive symptoms, which may be associated with the duration of the illness and antiretroviral therapy (ART). Research results in the female group (Group A1) suggest their lower susceptibility to disorders compared to males (Group A2) in the early stages of HIV infection. In the later stages (III-IV), it was found that women had pronounced anxious and depressive disorders (Group B1), while men exhibited signs of cognitive and depressive disorders (Group B2).
RETIREMENT READINESS: UNDERSTANDING FINANCIAL KNOWLEDGE AMONG GOVERNMENT WORKERS IN AHMEDABAD
Authors: Dr. Rupam Mishra
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this research project is to better understand the complex relationships that exist between retirement readiness and financial literacy in the particular setting of Ahmedabad government employees. The study has two main goals: first, it will determine how much financial literacy and awareness government workers currently possess; second, it will investigate any possible relationships between their demographic characteristics and attitudes about retirement planning. To ensure a diverse representation of this workforce, the study technique incorporates in-depth interviews with a sample size of 100 government employees in Ahmedabad that was carefully chosen. Throughout the study, emphasis is placed on the need of retirement preparation. Not only is retirement planning seen as a personal financial tactic, but it's also seen as a vital pillar that supports both individual well-being and greater society stability. Given the significant contribution that government workers make to society's ability to function, this recognition is especially important. The study highlights the crucial role that a strong grasp of financial concepts plays in guaranteeing a smooth and happy post-career life as these people go from active duty to retirement. It also clarifies the ways in which prudent retirement planning can reduce monetary uncertainty and enhance retirees' overall economic resilience. The study aims to inform legislation, educational activities, and personal financial goals, all of which are in line with a wider societal perspective. The research intends to provide insights into the qualitative dimensions of financial decision-making among government employees in Ahmedabad by exploring the complexities of financial knowledge and retirement planning. These insights would go beyond statistical correlations.
Considerations for safety assessment of intractable proteins expressed in genetically modified crops
Authors: Wang Rong , Zhang John , Cheever Matthew L. , Geng Tao , Herman Rod , Pence Matthew G. , Schafer Barry W. , Verhalen Brandy , Vigeolas Helene , Wang Yanfei , Wu Jianhong , Wu Pei-Ying , Ament Christopher
Published: October 2024

Current requirements for safety assessment by regulatory agencies necessitate the production of multi-gram quantities of functionally active proteins newly expressed in genetically modified (GM) crops. This presents challenges for so-called intractable proteins (those that are difficult to isolate in an active form). Significant experience and knowledge have been gained by both GM crop developers and global regulatory agencies regarding the safety assessment of the newly expressed proteins (NEPs). By leveraging this knowledge and scientific data that have accumulated over the last several decades, the safety assessments of NEPs can be refined and improved. In this technical review, we examine the options for characterizing intractable NEPs and producing protein test substances from different sources to support the safety assessments of novel GM crops.
Eficácia da estimulação transcraniana por corrente contínua associada a antidepressivos no tratamento do transtorno depressivo maior: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Da Silva Roberto Menezes , Rosa Fernanda Warken , De Souza Márcio Costa , Maciel Roberto Rodrigues Bandeira Tosta
Published: October 2024

Introdução: A estimulação transcraniana por corrente contínua (tDCS) é uma técnica de neuromodulação de baixa intensidade que pode produzir uma resposta clinicamente significativa em pacientes com transtorno depressivo maior (TDM). Parece ser uma estratégia adicional útil a terapia com antidepressivos para potencializar a melhora do sono, sintomas psicomotores e qualidade de vida de pessoas com TDM. Objetivo: Investigar se a tDCS combinado com o antidepressivo é eficaz na melhora do sono, sintomas psicomotores e qualidade de vida de pessoas com TDM. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática, com busca realizada nas bases de dados Embase, SCOPUS, Medline/PubMed e Science Direct. Foram incluídos ensaios clínicos randomizados que investigaram a eficácia da tDCS associado a antidepressivos em comparação com antidepressivos associados ou não ao placebo. Os desfechos analisados foram sono, sintomas psicomotores e qualidade de vida das pessoas com TDM. A ferramenta Revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials 2.0 foi aplicada para avaliação do risco de viés. Resultados: Foram analisados três ensaios clínicos randomizados, totalizando 211 participantes, com risco de viés variando entre baixo e incerto. Houve melhora significativa favorável ao tDCS associado a antidepressivos nos sinais eletroencefalográficos no sono REM, porém não houve diferença significativa nos sintomas psicomotores e qualidade de vida. Conclusão: Há evidências iniciais com baixo risco de viés de que a tDCS associada ao medicamento antidepressivo é eficaz na mudança nos sinais eletroencefalográficos durante o sono REM, porém não é eficaz no tratamento de sintomas psicomotores e qualidade de vida de pessoas com TDM.
Identidad pedagógica de las instituciones educativas
Authors: González Acuña Edgardo Luis , Sánchez Buitrago Jorge Oswaldo
Published: October 2024

Pendiente
importância da Lei 12.244/10 para o benefício das bibliotecas escolares
Authors: Silva Rafael Daniel da , Passos Ketry Gorete Farias dos , Porto Marchelly Pereira
Published: October 2024

Na formação do cidadão, a biblioteca desempenha um papel crucial no enriquecimento cultural daqueles que a frequentam. Inserida junto à comunidade escolar pode servir de apoio aos professores na prática de ensino e pesquisa. A Lei 12.244/10 é considerada um marco histórico, pois apresenta a importância deste ambiente para as escolas tanto de ensino público quanto privado. Após 10 anos de aprovação, muitas escolas ainda não se regularizaram. Portanto, a pesquisa tem por objetivo geral investigar os desafios enfrentados na implementação da Lei 12.244/10 e de que forma o bibliotecário pode contribuir para otimizar o ambiente escolar por meio da gestão da biblioteca. Tem por objetivos específicos: a) Avaliar o contexto e histórico da legislação de bibliotecas escolares no Brasil; b) Investigar o papel e as responsabilidades típicas do bibliotecário escolar; e c) Analisar o impacto da biblioteca escolar e do bibliotecário no desempenho acadêmico dos alunos. Propôs-se uma metodologia de pesquisa aplicada, aderindo-se uma pesquisa exploratória, com uma abordagem qualitativa. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio da análise de materiais. Foram analisadas 03 (três) entrevistas de bibliotecários que atuam em diferentes regiões do país sobre os desafios da implantação da lei 12.244/10. Como resultados, pode-se destacar que os bibliotecários apontam a aprovação da lei como um marco histórico, porém questionam sua incompletude, pois, a lei por si só não atende em sua totalidade todas as necessidades dos profissionais e das bibliotecas escolares. Conclui-se que existem falhas na lei por não ter tido a participação de bibliotecários durante sua elaboração. É proposta uma reestruturação da lei para que ela possa atender de forma mais eficaz o profissional e a comunidade escolar por meio das bibliotecas.
Quassinoids as Promising Anti-cancer Agents
Authors: Mishra Tripti , Saima  , Banik Bimal Krishna
Published: October 2024

The use of current anticancer drugs is hampered by significant side effects and
high costs. In the pursuit of safer, more effective, and affordable options, researchers have
turned to nature as a valuable source of potential anticancer compounds. Quassinoids, a
class of natural terpenoids, have garnered attention for their anticancer properties. This
comprehensive review aims to shed light on natural quassinoids and their anticancer effects,
offering valuable insights for researchers dedicated to the development of novel anticancer
therapeutics.
Carbohydrate Derived Value-added Products from Lignocelluloses
Authors: Jyoti  , Alisha  , Singh Mangat , Negi Pooja , Dwivedi Pratibha , Mishra Bhuwan B.
Published: October 2024

Chemistry is confronted with the pressing issues of depleting non-renewable
fossil resources and the imperative to combat environmental pollution, which is crucial for a
sustainable future. Biomass stands out as the sole organic carbon source in nature among
the array of sustainable resources available, positioning it as a prime substitute for fossilderived
chemicals and fuels. Extensive research has been conducted on the abundant lignocelluloses
as a potential source for biofuels, bioenergy, and various valuable products,
wherein, the incorporation of various processes in biomass fractionation to separate biopolymers
(such as lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose) has the potential to enhance the overall
value of the process. However, industrial demonstration of biomass utilization for commercial
products has been limited due to the challenges posed by the recalcitrance and complexity
of biomass. Therefore, there is a need for efficient reaction processes to enable the production of biochemicals
and fuels from renewable lignocellulose. This review focuses on the latest chemical methods developed
for producing value-added chemicals from biomass-derived cellulose as a renewable feedstock.
Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Green Tea (Camellia sinensis L.) in Anti-Aging: A Comprehensive Review of Mechanisms and Findings
Authors: Sivamaruthi Bhagavathi Sundaram , Sisubalan Natarajan , Wang Shucai , Kesika Periyanaina , Chaiyasut Chaiyavat
Published: October 2024

Green tea (GT) is rich in phyto-active compounds such as epigallocatechin gallate
(EGCG), epigallocatechin (EGC), epicatechin gallate (ECG), epicatechin (EC), catechin, and tannic
acid, which exhibit synergistic effects when combined. Preclinical studies demonstrate that GT and
its compounds can reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS), enhance antioxidant capacity, and alleviate
aging-related issues such as memory impairments, cognitive decline, and shortened lifespan.
Clinical trials corroborate the efficacy of topical GT formulations in improving skin tone, texture,
and elasticity and reducing wrinkles. The present manuscript summarizes the recent update on the
anti-aging potential of GT and its possible mechanisms. The literature survey suggests that GT consumption
is linked to improved cognition, reduced depression levels, and activation of pathways in
model organisms like C. elegans. Additionally, tea polyphenols enhance fibroblast mitophagy, boost
hippocampal synaptic plasticity in rodents, and mitigate age-related cognitive decline. Moreover,
EGCG exhibits anti-aging properties by reducing TNF-induced MMP-1 expression, suppressing
ERK signaling, and inhibiting MEK and Src phosphorylation in human dermal fibroblasts. In the
context of skin permeation and deposition, optimized transfersomal formulation (TF) incorporating
EGCG and hyaluronic acid (HA) demonstrates significantly increased skin permeation and deposition
of EGCG compared to plain EGCG. Furthermore, EGCG protects cardiomyocytes via the
PPARγ pathway and combats age-related muscle loss through miRNA-486-5p regulation, AKT activation,
and FoxO1a-mediated expression of MuRF1 and Atrogin-1. In conclusion, the regular consumption
of GT holds promise for promoting physical and mental health, delaying brain and skin
aging, and improving overall health by enhancing total antioxidant capacity.
Modulation of Intestinal Flora as an Emerging Therapeutic Approach for the Treatment of Colon Cancer
Authors: Deshmukh Rohitas
Published: October 2024

The five-year survival rate for people with colon cancer has increased explosively over
the last two decades due to major advances in treatment. Colon cancer survival rates have improved
significantly over the past few decades, with some of this success owing to aggressive surgical
care and breakthroughs in other complementary treatments. As a new option for Colorectal
Cancer (CRC) patients, targeted therapy has been shown to be effective in extending the overall
life. A dramatic increase in the number of novel drugs targeting multiple key pathways and immunological
checkpoints has been observed after the success of cetuximab (an EGFR inhibitor)
and bevacizumab (an anti-angiogenic agent). Neutralizing an already present dysbiosis in the gut
microbiome is a novel strategy for combating colorectal cancer and its metastases. Several methods
have been employed to date, such as prebiotics, postbiotics, antibiotics, and the transplantation
of faecal microbiota. An overview of the epidemiological study and possible mechanisms of
colon cancer is presented in this review. We have covered a wide range of targeted treatments for
CRC in addition to diagnostic biomarkers as therapeutic targets.
Novel Chiral HPLC Method for Accurate Identification and Quantification of R&S Enantiomers in Ropivacaine on Immobilized Chiral Stationary
Phase: Development and Validation
Authors: Shaik Althaf Hussain , Kotanka Ramakrishna Reddy , Ruthala Kiran Kumar , Gandholi Srinivasa Rao , Nalla Kirankumar
Published: October 2024

Purpose:

Ropivacaine is a widely used local anesthetic for managing postoperative pain,
particularly in procedures such as caesarean sections. While historically used as a racemate, its structural
similarity to mepivacaine and bupivacaine within the pipecoloxylidide group is notable. Both
enantiomers of ropivacaine exhibit similar nerve-blocking properties, but the R enantiomer is associated
with increased cardiotoxicity compared to the S-Ropivacaine, like bupivacaine. This study
aimed to develop and validate precise and rapid chiral chromatographic techniques for quantifying
potential (R&S enantiomers).

Methods:

We used normal phase chromatography with a (3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) immobilized-
type polysaccharide stationary phase to quantify R&S enantiomers. The method followed ICH
Q2(R1) guidelines, employing CHIRAL ART Amylose-SA for determining S-Ropivacaine enantiomeric
purity in pharmaceutical drugs. The validation included accuracy and LOQ (limit of quantification)
profiles, with measurement error assessments. Linear regression of accuracy profiles post
square root transformations set acceptance limits at ±10%.

Results:

The method accurately quantified R&S enantiomers, adhering to ICH Q2(R1) guidelines.
Validation showed high accuracy and precise LOQ profiles. Measurement error assessments confirmed
reliability. Linear regression of accuracy profiles stayed within ±10% acceptance limits, confirming
the method's suitability for determining S-Ropivacaine enantiomeric purity.

Conclusion:

The developed chiral chromatographic method provides an effective means of quantifying
the enantiomeric purity of S-Ropivacaine in pharmaceutical drugs. Its adherence to ICH Q2(R1)
guidelines ensures reliability and accuracy in measurement. This method enables precise determination
of S-Ropivacaine content, which is crucial for optimizing therapeutic outcomes while minimizing
the risk of cardiotoxicity associated with the R enantiomer.