bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The identity of Pethia punctata, a senior synonym of P. muvattupuzhaensis (Teleostei: Cyprinidae)
Authors: KATWATE UNMESH , BABY FIBIN , RAGHAVAN RAJEEV , DAHANUKAR NEELESH
Published: November 2014

Francis Day described Pethia punctata from Cochin, on the Malabar (south western) coast of India. Although, the species is now recovered from its synonymy with P. ticto, an accurate diagnosis and description have been lacking. A redescription of P. punctata based on external morphology, osteology and genetics is provided, which revealed that P. muvattupuzhaensis, described from Muvattupuzha River, Ernakulam District, Kerala, India, is its junior synonym. Pethia punctata can be diagnosed from other known species in the genus by a combination of characters including lateral line complete, with 23–25 pored scales; 8 predorsal scales; ½4/1/3½ scales in transverse line; dorsal fin originating almost opposite to, or slightly before pelvic-fin origin; gill rakers 7 on first ceratobranchial; 4+26 total vertebrae; a small black humeral spot covering anterior half of the fourth scale of the row below the lateral-line row; two minute dark spots below the humeral spot; a prominent spot on the caudal peduncle, surrounded by a golden hoop covering scales 19–21 of the lateral-line row; and dorsal fin with 2–3 longitudinal rows of black spots, third row occupying only anterior portion of the fin.
RNA interference screening identifies lenalidomide sensitizers in multiple myeloma, including RSK2
Authors: Zhu Yuan Xiao , Yin Hongwei , Bruins Laura A. , Shi Chang-Xin , Jedlowski Patrick , Aziz Meraj , Sereduk Chris , Kortuem Klaus Martin , Schmidt Jessica E. , Champion Mia , Braggio Esteban , Keith Stewart A.
Published: November 2014

Key Points

High-throughput RNAi screening identified lenalidomide sensitizer genes, including RSK2, RAB, peroxisome, and potassium channel family members. Knockdown or inhibition of RSK2 synergized with lenalidomide to induce myeloma cytotoxicity and downregulation of interferon regulatory factor 4 and MYC.
Association of red blood cell transfusion and in-hospital mortality in patients admitted to the intensive care unit: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zheng Yi , Lu Caihong , Wei Shiqing , Li Ye , Long Lu , Yin Ping
Published: November 2014

Introduction

Previous research has debated whether red blood cell (RBC) transfusion is associated with decreased or increased mortality in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the relationship of RBC transfusion with in-hospital mortality in ICU patients.

Methods

We carried out a literature search on Medline (1950 through May 2013), Web of Science (1986 through May 2013) and Embase (1980 through May 2013). We included all prospective and retrospective studies on the association between RBC transfusion and in-hospital mortality in ICU patients. The relative risk for the overall pooled effects was estimated by random effects model. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess potential bias.

Results

The meta-analysis included 28,797 participants from 18 studies. The pooled relative risk for transfused versus nontransfused ICU patients was 1.431 (95% CI, 1.105 to 1.854). In sensitivity analyses, the pooled relative risk was 1.211 (95% CI, 0.975 to 1.505) if excluding studies without adjustment for confounders, 1.178 (95% CI, 0.937 to 1.481) if excluding studies with relative high risk of bias, and 0.901 (95% CI, 0.622 to 1.305) if excluding studies without reporting hazard ratio (HR) or relative risk (RR) as an effect size measure. Subgroup analyses revealed increased risks in studies enrolling patients from all ICU admissions (RR 1.513, 95%CI 1.123 to 2.039), studies without reporting information on leukoreduction (RR 1.851, 95%CI 1.229 to 2.786), studies reporting unadjusted effect estimates (RR 3.933, 95%CI 2.107 to 7.343), and studies using odds ratio as an effect measure (RR 1.465, 95%CI 1.049 to 2.045). Meta-regression analyses showed that RBC transfusion could decrease risk of mortality in older patients (slope coefficient -0.0417, 95%CI -0.0680 to -0.0154).

Conclusions

There is lack of strong evidence to support the notion that ICU patients who receive RBC transfusion have an increased risk of in-hospital death. In studies adjusted for confounders, we found that RBC transfusion does not increase the risk of in-hospital mortality in ICU patients. Type of patient, information on leukoreduction, statistical method, mean age of patient enrolled and publication year of the article may account for the disagreement between previous studies.
Mapping and manipulating the Mycobacterium tuberculosis transcriptome using a transcription factor overexpression-derived regulatory network
Authors: Rustad Tige R , Minch Kyle J , Ma Shuyi , Winkler Jessica K , Hobbs Samuel , Hickey Mark , Brabant William , Turkarslan Serdar , Price Nathan D , Baliga Nitin S , Sherman David R
Published: November 2014

Background

Mycobacterium tuberculosis senses and responds to the shifting and hostile landscape of the host. To characterize the underlying intertwined gene regulatory network governed by approximately 200 transcription factors of M. tuberculosis, we have assayed the global transcriptional consequences of overexpressing each transcription factor from an inducible promoter.

Results

We cloned and overexpressed 206 transcription factors in M. tuberculosis to identify the regulatory signature of each. We identified 9,335 regulatory consequences of overexpressing each of 183 transcription factors, providing evidence of regulation for 70% of the M. tuberculosis genome. These transcriptional signatures agree well with previously described M. tuberculosis regulons. The number of genes differentially regulated by transcription factor overexpression varied from hundreds of genes to none, with the majority of expression changes repressing basal transcription. Exploring the global transcriptional maps of transcription factor overexpressing (TFOE) strains, we predicted and validated the phenotype of a regulator that reduces susceptibility to a first line anti-tubercular drug, isoniazid. We also combined the TFOE data with an existing model of M. tuberculosis metabolism to predict the growth rates of individual TFOE strains with high fidelity.

Conclusion

This work has led to a systems-level framework describing the transcriptome of a devastating bacterial pathogen, characterized the transcriptional influence of nearly all individual transcription factors in M. tuberculosis, and demonstrated the utility of this resource. These results will stimulate additional systems-level and hypothesis-driven efforts to understand M. tuberculosis adaptations that promote disease.
Microbial sequencing to improve individual and population health
Authors: Peacock Sharon J , Weinstock George M
Published: November 2014

Editorial summary

Recent advances in sequencing technologies are changing the face of infectious disease investigation and control. Personalized anti-infective therapies and surveillance of emergent pathogen outbreaks are just two examples of the potential benefits of merging the fields of genomics and infectious diseases.
Substructured Dynamic Testing of Substation Disconnect Switches
Authors: Moustafa Mohamed A. , Mosalam Khalid M.
Published: November 2014

The paper demonstrates the substructuring concept in seismic qualification testing of 550 kV electrical substation disconnect switches. In this study, the full and substructured (i.e., without support structure) switches are tested on a six degrees of freedom (DOFs) shaking table. Different combinations of translational and rotational excitations are obtained from full switch tests and used in the substructured ones. The behavior of the post insulators of the switches are compared to demonstrate validity and identify limitations of the substructuring concept applied to electrical substation equipment. From this comparison, critical DOFs for the response of post insulators in switches supported on flexible structures are identified. It is concluded that the in-plane and out-of-plane behavior of the investigated post insulators are uncoupled. The substructured tests driven by combined translational and rotational signals showed the best match with the full switch tests because the out-of-plane rotations contribute significantly to the response of the post insulators.
REVOLUTA and WRKY53 connect early and late leaf development in Arabidopsis
Authors: Xie Yakun , Huhn Kerstin , Brandt Ronny , Potschin Maren , Bieker Stefan , Straub Daniel , Doll Jasmin , Drechsler Thomas , Zentgraf Ulrike , Wenkel Stephan
Published: November 2014

As sessile organisms, plants have to continuously adjust growth and development to ever-changing environmental conditions. At the end of the growing season, annual plants induce leaf senescence to reallocate nutrients and energy-rich substances from the leaves to the maturing seeds. Thus, leaf senescence is a means with which to increase reproductive success and is therefore tightly coupled to the developmental age of the plant. However, senescence can also be induced in response to sub-optimal growth conditions as an exit strategy, which is accompanied by severely reduced yield. Here, we show that class III homeodomain leucine zipper (HD-ZIPIII) transcription factors, which are known to be involved in basic pattern formation, have an additional role in controlling the onset of leaf senescence in Arabidopsis. Several potential direct downstream genes of the HD-ZIPIII protein REVOLUTA (REV) have known roles in environment-controlled physiological processes. We report that REV acts as a redox-sensitive transcription factor, and directly and positively regulates the expression of WRKY53, a master regulator of age-induced leaf senescence. HD-ZIPIII proteins are required for the full induction of WRKY53 in response to oxidative stress, and mutations in HD-ZIPIII genes strongly delay the onset of senescence. Thus, a crosstalk between early and late stages of leaf development appears to contribute to reproductive success.
Different transcription regulation routes are exerted by L- and D-amino acid enantiomers of peptide hormones
Authors: Tom Moshe , Manfrin Chiara , Mosco Alessandro , Gerdol Marco , De Moro Gianluca De Moro , Pallavicini Alberto , Giulianini Piero Giulio
Published: November 2014

Conversion of one or more amino acids in eukaryotic peptides to the D-configuration is catalyzed by specific L/D peptide isomerases and it is a poorly investigated post-translational modification. No common modified amino acid and no specific modified position have been recognized and mechanisms underlying changes in the peptide function provided by this conversion were not sufficiently studied. The 72 amino acid crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (CHH) of Astacidea crustaceans exhibits a co-existence of two peptide enantiomers alternately having D- or L-phenylalanine in their third position. It is a pleiotropic hormone regulating several physiological processes in different target tissues and along different time scales. CHH enantiomers differently affect time courses and intensities of examined processes. The short-term effects of the two isomers on gene expression are presented here, examined in the hepatopancreas, gills, hemocytes and muscles of the astacid Pontastacus leptodactylus. Muscles and hemocytes were poorly affected by both isomers. Two CHH modes of action were elucidated in the hepatopancreas and the gills: specific gene induction by D-CHH only, elucidated in both organs and mutual targeted attenuation affected by both enantiomers elucidated in the gills. Consequently a two-receptor system is hypothesized for conveying the effect of the two CHH isomers.
Effect of microalgae application on soil algal species diversity, cation exchange capacity and organic matter after herbicide treatments
Authors: Hastings Karin L. , Smith Lauren E. , Lindsey Michael L , Blotsky Luke C. , Downing Gloria R. , Zellars Derex Q. , Downing Jason K. , Corena-McLeod Maria
Published: November 2014

Soil microalgae live on small communities that change structure depending on many factors. Some of these factors include soil pH, agricultural practices as well as pesticide and herbicide treatments.  The size and activity of these soil microbial communities is an indicator of health, quality and fertility necessary for sustainable agriculture.  Methods:A commercial proprietary suspension of microalgae GOgreen®was applied at different concentrations through a center pivot irrigation system to a crop of cultivated corn (Zea mays) during six months.  Experimental plots of 0.5 acres each were planted in four rows. Corn (34,000 plants/acre) was planted in May and harvested in November allowing each plot to be studied for 6 months. In addition, one plot was planted for a second year to study the effects of consecutive planting and harvesting on algae populations in the soil. Soil samples were collected at a depth of 6 inches. Microalgae species identification was based on morphological criteria. Soil analysis included organic matter content (OM), pH and cation exchange capacity (CEC).Results:Treatment with GOgreen®has significant and measurable positive effects on soil OM content, CEC, pH and microalgae species diversity.Conclusions:  It was demonstrated through this study that GOgreen®increased diatom numbers and microalgae species diversity showing a restorative effect on soil quality after herbicide treatment in heavily farmed soil. Additionally, GOgreen®lowers the pH in soils with a pH higher than 7.0 emerging as an economical alternative that is safe for humans and the environment.
Mental health: key facts for England
Authors: Apostolou Kyri
Published: November 2014

Key facts from Health and Social Care Information Centre (HSCIC) www.hscic.gov.uk/ Infographics by Kyri Apostolou
A day in the life of an assistant practitioner in general practice
Authors: Hicking-Woodison Lorraine
Published: November 2014

Lorraine Hicking-Woodison, Assistant Practitioner (AP), Hawkinge and Elham Valley Practice, Folkestone, Kent; and Health Care Support Worker Adviser, Practice Nurse Adviser Team, NHS South East Commissioning Support Unit (SECSU).
Meeting the needs of children and families of service personnel
Authors: Nicholson Wendy
Published: November 2014

Ahead of the Department of Health and Public Health England's ‘week of action’, which includes the theme ‘Helping Families, Children and Young People to be Emotionally Strong and Resilient’, Wendy Nicholson shares her views on how school nurses can help support military families.
Diagnosis, complications and prevention of measles
Authors: Watkins Jean
Published: November 2014

Measles is a highly infectious, viral infection which, thanks to immunisation with the MMR has become a rarity in the UK. However, cases do still occur and may present in the school setting. School nurses should be able to advise on management, not only of the patient but also the contacts of cases in which there are particular concerns for pregnant women, the very young and the immunocompromised. School nurses should also be able to identify children and young people who have not completed or missed out on their immunisations, and where possible full coverage should be offered.
Automatic external defibrillators: Forging the chain of survival
Authors: Greener Mark
Published: November 2014

Apart from the tragic sudden deaths on playing fields, numerous other risk factors can trigger out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA) in pupils, staff and visitors. Therefore, school nurses should forge a ‘chain of survival’ for OHCA, which starts by calling 999 as soon as possible, provides basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation and uses automated external defibrillators (AEDs) to restart regular, organised heart rhythm. Ideally, defibrillation should take place less than 2 or 3 minutes after the suspected OHCA. This article introduces some factors nurses could consider when implementing AEDs in schools, the benefits of which can extend far beyond the gates.
An overview of anorexia nervosa, bulimia and binge eating disorder
Authors: Obadina Seye
Published: November 2014

Eating disorders are life-threatening conditions, which can have a substantial short and long-term impact on children and young people's health and wellbeing. This article looks at the main characteristics of three of the most common eating disorders: anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder. It also explores the role school staff and school nurses can play in supporting children and young people with eating disorders.
Mental health: You don't have to be an expert
Authors: Basra Kamy
Published: November 2014

It is important that you help teachers feel confident to raise the topic of mental health with students. The Make Time in November mental health campaign has released some free resources and provides some practical advice which you can share with teachers in your schools.
Looking at resources on female genital mutilation
Authors: Forward Catherine
Published: November 2014

This series of articles aims to gather health promotion resources on specific themes relevant to school nursing practice. This month, Catherine Forward looks at female genital mutilation.
Explorations in Ethnobiology: The Legacy of Amadeo Rea
Authors: Pierotti Raymond
Published: November 2014

Review of Explorations in Ethnobiology: The Legacy of Amadeo Rea. Marsha Quinlan and Dana Lepofsky, eds. 2013. Society of Ethnobiology, Denton, TX. Pp. 310, color illustrations, maps, tables. $56.95 (paperback). ISBN 978‐0988733008.
Processing of Fireproof and High Temperature Durable Particleboard from Rice Husk
Authors: Gürü Metin , Karabulut Ahmet F. , Aydın Mustafa Yasir , Bilici İbrahim
Published: November 2014

The aim of this study is the recovery of rice husk waste by researching usability in industry as an alternative to wood. In this study urea formaldehyde resin was used mainly as binding agent for wood-panel used in industry. For the preparation of composite material, ground powder rice husks were mixed with urea formaldehyde resin used in different proportions (65/50, 75/50, 80/50, 85/50, 95/50 by mass of filler/binder). Each particleboard produced in 393.15 K and 9.8 MPa pressure was tested by means of three point bending strength, shore hardness and limited oxygen index (LOI) tests. Particleboard made with 75/50 paddy husk/urea formaldehyde composition material formed of 11.40 MPa specimens showed the highest strength. Limited oxygen index value increased by increasing the filler material usage. The highest LOI value was recorded as 40%. Besides, fire point of particleboards which have the best three point bending strength has been analyzed at environmental atmosphere and 493.15 K has been measured as fire point. The results of the tests showed that this material maybe used instead of wooden plate. The usage of agricultural wastes like these in processing of particleboard will give economically benefits and slow down waste products.
Interinstitutional variations in mode of birth after a previous caesarean section: a cross-sectional study in six German hospitals
Authors: Gross Mechthild M. , Matterne Andrea , Berlage Silvia , Kaiser Annette , Lack Nicholas , Macher-Heidrich Susanne , Misselwitz Björn , Bahlmann Franz , Falbrede Jörg , Hillemanns Peter , von Kaisenberg Constantin , von Koch Franz Edler , Schild Ralf L. , Stepan Holger , Devane Declan , Mikolajczyk Rafael
Published: November 2014

Aims: Regional and interinstitutional variations have been recognized in the increasing incidence of caesarean section. Modes of birth after previous caesarean section vary widely, ranging from elective repeat caesarean section (ERCS) and unplanned repeat caesarean section (URCS) after trial of labour to vaginal birth after caesarean section (VBAC). This study describes interinstitutional variations in mode of birth after previous caesarean section in relation to regional indicators in Germany.

Material and methods: A cross-sectional study using the birth registers of six maternity units (n=12,060) in five different German states (n=370,209). Indicators were tested by χ2 and relative deviations from regional values were expressed as relative risks and 95% confidence intervals.

Results: The percentages of women in the six units with previous caesarean section ranged from 11.9% to 15.9% (P=0.002). VBAC was planned for 36.0% to 49.8% (P=0.003) of these women, but actually completed in only 26.2% to 32.8% (P=0.66). Depending on the indicator, the units studied deviated from the regional data by up to 32% [relative risk 0.68 (0.47–0.97)] in respect of completed VBAC among all initiated VBAC.

Conclusions: There is substantial interinstitutional variation in mode of birth following previous caesarean section. This variation is in addition to regional patterns.
Does preoperative transarterial embolization decrease blood loss during spine tumor surgery?
Authors: Qiao Zhihong , Jia Ningyang , He Qian
Published: November 2014

This paper aimed to evaluate the effect of preoperative transarterial embolization (TAE) on estimated blood loss (EBL) during surgical excision of the vertebral tumors. Three hundred and forty-eight patients with spinal tumors were retrospectively analyzed. The preoperative TAE group consisted of 190 patients and the control group consisted of 158 patients. Gelatin sponge particles mixed withy contrast agent were used in the TAE group to embolize the tumor-feeding artery. The factors evaluated included: the time interval between embolism and surgery; the number of vertebrae involved by the tumor; pathological type of tumor; surgical approach; extent of excision and instrumental fixation. The time interval (P = 0.4669)between embolism and surgery had no significant correlation with EBL during surgery. The pathological diagnosis of vertebral tumor such as plasma cell myeloma, giant cell tumor, chondrosarcoma, hemangioma and metastasis had no significant correlation with EBL between the TAE group and control group during surgery, while the EBL of chordoma in the TAE group was significantly higher than that in the control group (p = 0.0254). The number of vertebrae involved (p = 0.4669, 0.6804, 0.6677), posterior approach (p = 0.3015), anterior approach (p = 0.2446), partial excision (p = 0.1911) and instrumental fixation (p = 0.1789) had no significant correlation with EBL during surgery between the TAE group and the control group. This study showed that preoperative TAE of the spinal tumor had no significant effect on intra-operative blood loss during surgical excision of the spinal tumor. In view of the risk of embolism, this method should be carefully considered.
Influence of professional women’s work and family conflict on the turnover intention in cultural enterprises — based on the mediating effect of managerial support and organizational family support
Authors: Lin Wenhe , Yang Yaohong , Zheng Qiujin
Published: November 2014

This study targets professional women of cultural enterprises in China as objective, applying SEM empirical analysis to investigate the relationship of professional women’s work and family conflicts and turnover intention. It also tries to verify whether work and family relationships (managerial support and organizational family support) are mediating effects between work and family conflicts and turnover intention. The results showed that the greater work and family conflict professional women are facing, the greater their tendency to leave, but managerial support in the work and family relationship will produce a mediating effect; however, no effect of organizational family support was proved. It is recommended that companies should pay attention to work and family conflicts of female staff, and apply managerial support to reduce turnover intention.
Numerical study of heat-flux boundary in nanofluid-filled cavity
Authors: Kosti Siddhartha
Published: November 2014

The effects of heat-flux boundary on a two-dimensional square enclosure using copper–water nanofluid governed by natural convection have been studied. The Maxwell model was employed to investigate the effect of nanofluid inside the enclosure for different values of particle concentration. The governing equations were modeled using the finite-difference technique. The pertinent parameters of the study are Grashof numbers (5 × 104–5 × 106) based on heat-flux value (1–100 KW/m2), nanoparticle concentration (ϕ ≤ 8%) and inclination angle. Comparisons with previously published work on the basis of special cases were made and found to be in excellent agreement. The results show that change in the wall on which heat-flux boundary condition was considered significantly affected the flow patterns and heat transfer. Counter-rolling rolls of stream-lines and conduction-type isotherms were found when the heat flux was at the top wall. Addition of nanoparticle in the base fluid decreases the Nusselt number. The effect of nanofluid particle concentration increment is more pronounced at high values of Grashof number.
Probability Logic for Harsanyi Type Spaces
Authors: Zhou Chunlai
Published: November 2014

Probability logic has contributed to significant developments in belief types
for game-theoretical economics. We present a new probability logic for Harsanyi
Type spaces, show its completeness, and prove both a de-nesting property and a
unique extension theorem. We then prove that multi-agent interactive
epistemology has greater complexity than its single-agent counterpart by
showing that if the probability indices of the belief language are restricted
to a finite set of rationals and there are finitely many propositional letters,
then the canonical space for probabilistic beliefs with one agent is finite
while the canonical one with at least two agents has the cardinality of the
continuum. Finally, we generalize the three notions of definability in
multimodal logics to logics of probabilistic belief and knowledge, namely
implicit definability, reducibility, and explicit definability. We find that
S5-knowledge can be implicitly defined by probabilistic belief but not reduced
to it and hence is not explicitly definable by probabilistic belief.
Synthesis from Probabilistic Components
Authors: Nain Sumit , Lustig Yoad , Vardi Moshe Y
Published: November 2014

Synthesis is the automatic construction of a system from its specification.
In classical synthesis algorithms, it is always assumed that the system is
"constructed from scratch" rather than composed from reusable components. This,
of course, rarely happens in real life, where almost every non-trivial
commercial software system relies heavily on using libraries of reusable
components. Furthermore, other contexts, such as web-service orchestration, can
be modeled as synthesis of a system from a library of components. Recently,
Lustig and Vardi introduced dataflow and control-flow synthesis from libraries
of reusable components. They proved that dataflow synthesis is undecidable,
while control-flow synthesis is decidable. In this work, we consider the
problem of control-flow synthesis from libraries of probabilistic components .
We show that this more general problem is also decidable.
A Linear Category of Polynomial Functors (extensional part)
Authors: Pierre Hyvernat
Published: November 2014

We construct a symmetric monoidal closed category of polynomial endofunctors
(as objects) and simulation cells (as morphisms). This structure is defined
using universal properties without reference to representing polynomial
diagrams and is reminiscent of Day's convolution on presheaves. We then make
this category into a model for intuitionistic linear logic by defining an
additive and exponential structure.
Partial Order Infinitary Term Rewriting
Authors: Bahr Patrick
Published: November 2014

We study an alternative model of infinitary term rewriting. Instead of a
metric on terms, a partial order on partial terms is employed to formalise
convergence of reductions. We consider both a weak and a strong notion of
convergence and show that the metric model of convergence coincides with the
partial order model restricted to total terms. Hence, partial order convergence
constitutes a conservative extension of metric convergence, which additionally
offers a fine-grained distinction between different levels of divergence. In
the second part, we focus our investigation on strong convergence of orthogonal
systems. The main result is that the gap between the metric model and the
partial order model can be bridged by extending the term rewriting system by
additional rules. These extensions are the well-known B\"ohm extensions. Based
on this result, we are able to establish that -- contrary to the metric setting
-- orthogonal systems are both infinitarily confluent and infinitarily
normalising in the partial order setting. The unique infinitary normal forms
that the partial order model admits are B\"ohm trees.
Categorical Proof Theory of Co-Intuitionistic Linear Logic
Authors: Bellin Gianluigi
Published: November 2014

To provide a categorical semantics for co-intuitionistic logic one has to
face the fact, noted by Tristan Crolard, that the definition of co-exponents as
adjuncts of coproducts does not work in the category Set, where coproducts are
disjoint unions. Following the familiar construction of models of
intuitionistic linear logic with exponential"!", we build models of
co-intuitionistic logic in symmetric monoidal left-closed categories with
additional structure, using a variant of Crolard's term assignment to
co-intuitionistic logic in the construction of a free category.
Corecursive Algebras, Corecursive Monads and Bloom Monads
Authors: Adámek Jiří , Haddadi Mahdie , Milius Stefan
Published: November 2014

An algebra is called corecursive if from every coalgebra a unique
coalgebra-to-algebra homomorphism exists into it. We prove that free
corecursive algebras are obtained as coproducts of the terminal coalgebra
(considered as an algebra) and free algebras. The monad of free corecursive
algebras is proved to be the free corecursive monad, where the concept of
corecursive monad is a generalization of Elgot's iterative monads, analogous to
corecursive algebras generalizing completely iterative algebras. We also
characterize the Eilenberg-Moore algebras for the free corecursive monad and
call them Bloom algebras.
Automata theory in nominal sets
Authors: Bojańczyk Mikołaj , Klin Bartek , Lasota Sławomir
Published: November 2014

We study languages over infinite alphabets equipped with some structure that
can be tested by recognizing automata. We develop a framework for studying such
alphabets and the ensuing automata theory, where the key role is played by an
automorphism group of the alphabet. In the process, we generalize nominal sets
due to Gabbay and Pitts.
The Derivational Complexity Induced by the Dependency Pair Method
Authors: Moser Georg , Schnabl Andreas
Published: November 2014

We study the derivational complexity induced by the dependency pair method,
enhanced with standard refinements. We obtain upper bounds on the derivational
complexity induced by the dependency pair method in terms of the derivational
complexity of the base techniques employed. In particular we show that the
derivational complexity induced by the dependency pair method based on some
direct technique, possibly refined by argument filtering, the usable rules
criterion, or dependency graphs, is primitive recursive in the derivational
complexity induced by the direct method. This implies that the derivational
complexity induced by a standard application of the dependency pair method
based on traditional termination orders like KBO, LPO, and MPO is exactly the
same as if those orders were applied as the only termination technique.
Coherent and finiteness spaces
Authors: Hyvernat Pierre
Published: November 2014

This short note presents a new relation between coherent spaces and
finiteness spaces. This takes the form of a functor from COH to FIN commuting
with the additive and multiplicative structure of linear logic. What makes this
correspondence possible and conceptually interesting is the use of the infinite
Ramsey theorem. Along the way, the question of the cardinality of the
collection of finiteness spaces on N is answered. Basic knowledge about
coherent spaces and finiteness spaces is assumed.
Introduction and Testing of an Alternative Control Approach for a Robotic Prosthetic Arm
Authors: Griggs Lauren , Fahimi Farbod
Published: November 2014

Commercially available robotic prosthetic arms currently use independent joint control. An alternative controller involving only control of the hand in a Cartesian frame rather than controlling each joint independently is proposed and tested. An experimental 4DOF robotic arm was used as the platform for testing the proposed control approach. As opposed to joint control, Cartesian control requires the solution to the inverse kinematics problem. The inverse kinematics solution was developed for the robotic arm using the extended Jacobian method. The two control methodologies, joint control and Cartesian control, were tested on five able-bodied human subjects. Improvement of one control methodology over the other was measured by the time it took for the subjects to complete a simple motor task. The timed trial results indicated that Cartesian control was both more intuitive and more effective than joint control. So, the results suggest that much improvement can be achieved by using the proposed Cartesian control methodology.
Position Accuracy Analysis on Disc Storing Mechanism for Benthic Drill
Authors: Guo Y. , P. Jin Y. , Jiang M. , W. Luo B.
Published: November 2014

The positional accuracy of disc storing mechanism for benthic drill is the guarantee of long hole coring in deep
sea. Aiming the lack of positional accuracy analysis on disc storing mechanism, the mathematic model of the positional
accuracy for disc storing mechanism is presented by using complex vector and matrix analyzing method. The analytical
formula of crank rotation positional accuracy is acquired through rotation positional analysis of crank in disc storing
mechanism driven by hydraulic cylinder. Adopting numerical nonlinear iteration solution method of Newton-Simpson, the
variation rule of rotation positional error for disc storing mechanism to cylinder length is acquired, which supports an
important theory, leading to tolerance design for dimensional parameters of disc storing mechanism.
On the generalization of density topologies on the real line
Authors: Hejduk Jacek , Wiertelak Renata
Published: November 2014

The paper concerns the density points with respect to the sequences of intervals tending to zero in the family of Lebesgue measurable sets. It shows that for some sequences analogue of the Lebesgue density theorem holds. Simultaneously, this paper presents proof of theorem that for any sequence of intervals tending to zero a relevant operator ϕJ generates a topology. It is almost but not exactly the same result as in the category aspect presented in [WIERTELAK, R.: A generalization of density topology with respect to category, Real Anal. Exchange 32 (2006/2007), 273–286]. Therefore this paper is a continuation of the previous research concerning similarities and differences between measure and category.
Effectiveness of Passive Physical Modalities for Shoulder Pain: Systematic Review by the Ontario Protocol for Traffic Injury Management Collaboration
Authors: Yu Hainan , Côté Pierre , Shearer Heather M. , Wong Jessica J. , Sutton Deborah A. , Randhawa Kristi A. , Varatharajan Sharanya , Southerst Danielle , Mior Silvano A. , Ameis Arthur , Stupar Maja , Nordin Margareta , van der Velde Gabreille M. , Carroll Linda , Jacobs Craig L. , Taylor-Vaisey Anne L. , Abdulla Sean , Shergill Yaadwinder
Published: November 2014

Background

Shoulder pain is a common musculoskeletal condition in the general population. Passive physical modalities are commonly used to treat shoulder pain. However, previous systematic reviews reported conflicting results.

Purpose

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of passive physical modalities for the management of soft tissue injuries of the shoulder.

Data Sources

MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched from January 1, 1990, to April 18, 2013.

Study Selection

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort and case-control studies were eligible. Random pairs of independent reviewers screened 1,470 of 1,760 retrieved articles after removing 290 duplicates. Twenty-two articles were eligible for critical appraisal. Eligible studies were critically appraised using the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network criteria. Of those, 11 studies had a low risk of bias.

Data Extraction

The lead author extracted data from low risk of bias studies and built evidence tables. A second reviewer independently checked the extracted data.

Data Synthesis

The findings of studies with a low risk of bias were synthesized according to principles of best evidence synthesis. Pretensioned tape, ultrasound, and interferential current were found to be noneffective for managing shoulder pain. However, diathermy and corticosteroid injections led to similar outcomes. Low-level laser therapy provided short-term pain reduction for subacromial impingement syndrome. Extracorporeal shock-wave therapy was not effective for subacromial impingement syndrome but provided benefits for persistent shoulder calcific tendinitis.

Limitations

Non-English studies were excluded.

Conclusions

Most passive physical modalities do not benefit patients with subacromial impingement syndrome. However, low-level laser therapy is more effective than placebo or ultrasound for subacromial impingement syndrome. Similarly, shock-wave therapy is more effective than sham therapy for persistent shoulder calcific tendinitis.
Fagin's Coin of Truth: Economic Belief and Representation inOliver Twist
Authors: Clavin Keith
Published: November 2014

This essay examines Fagin from Oliver Twist as a villain whose construction joins Victorian anxieties about counterfeiting and economic deceptiveness with separate yet related concerns about the author's role in representing criminal life. Dickens triangulates Fagin's identity through cultural fears about Jewish participation within secondary markets, increased distance between purchaser and seller in an expanding credit economy, and moral ambiguities in respect to fiction-making. Read against non-literary Victorian writing about counterfeiters and crime, Fagin can be understood as a forger of identities and narratives. His ability to exploit interpersonal belief and economic value is a central feature of his villainy and one with precedent in other aspects of Victorian financial life. Dickens critiques capitalist culture by associating it with the imitative, fictional, and Jewish culture. In contrast, he aligns sincerity and truth with the middle-class, normative characters. Throughout, he marks the distinction between these two groups with comic incidence. The marginalised figures are fodder for humour and irony, while the conventional heroes are earnest.
The Mutual Relationship between Peritonitis and Peritoneal Transport
Authors: van Esch Sadie , van Diepen Anouk T.N. , Struijk Dirk G. , Krediet Raymond T.
Published: November 2014

♦ Background

Preservation of the peritoneum is required for long-term peritoneal dialysis (PD). We investigated the effect of multiple peritonitis episodes on peritoneal transport.

♦ Methods

Prospectively collected data from 479 incident PD patients treated between 1990 and 2010 were analyzed, using strict inclusion criteria: follow-up of at least 3 years with the availability of a Standard Peritoneal Permeability Analysis (SPA) in the first year after start of PD and within the third year of PD, without peritonitis preceding the first SPA. For the purpose of the study, we only included patients who remained peritonitis-free ( n = 28) or who experienced 3 or more peritonitis episodes ( n = 16).

♦Results

At baseline the groups were similar with regard to small solute and fluid transport. However, the frequent peritonitis group had lower peritoneal protein clearances compared to the no peritonitis group, resulting in lower dialysate concentrations of proteins: albumin 196.5 mg/L vs 372.5 mg/L, IgG 36.4 mg/L vs 65.0 mg/L, and α–2-macroglobulin (A2M) 1.9 mg/L vs 3.6 mg/L, p <0.01. No differences in serum concentrations were present. A comparison between the transport slopes over time in both groups showed a positive time trend of mass transfer area coefficient (MTAC) creatinine ( p = 0.03) and glucose absorption ( p = 0.09) and a negative trend of transcapillary ultrafiltration ( p = 0.06), when compared to the no peritonitis group. Frequent peritonitis did not affect free water transport.

♦ Conclusions

Slow initial peritoneal transport rates of serum proteins result in lower dialysate concentrations, and likely a lower opsonic activity, which is a risk factor for peritonitis. Patients with frequent peritonitis show an increase in small solute transport and a concomitant decrease of ultrafiltration. In long-term peritonitis-free PD patients, small solute transport decreased, while ultra-filtration increased. This suggests that frequent peritonitis leads to an increase of the vascular peritoneal surface area without all the structural membrane alterations that may develop after long-term PD.
One-pot four-component reaction for convenient synthesis of functionalized 1-benzamidospiro[indoline-3,4'-pyridines]
Authors: Wang Chao , Jiang Yan-Hong , Yan Chao-Guo
Published: November 2014

The one-pot four-component reaction of benzohydrazide (2-picolinohydrazide), acetylenedicarboxylate, isatins and malononitrile (ethyl cyanoacetate) with triethylamine as base catalyst afforded functionalized 1-benzamidospiro[indoline-3,4'-pyridines] in good yields. 1H NMR spectra indicated that an equilibrium of cis/trans-conformations exist in the obtained products.
Big Data Computing Strategies
Authors: Jayanand Malavika , Kumar M. Anil , Srinivasa K. G. , Siddesh G. M.
Published: November 2014

In order to store these huge bulks of data, organizations have to buy servers and scale it according to their need. One of the solution for storage would be Cloud Environment as there is no need to scale up storage by aggregating more physical servers, installing, updating, or to run backups, which also cuts down system hardware and makes application integration easier. This chapter discusses key concepts of cloud storage as storage as a solution for Bigdata, different big data domains, and its application with case studies of how organizations are leveraging Bigdata for better business opportunities.
Trusted Cloud- and Femtocell-Based Biometric Authentication for Mobile Networks
Authors: De Debashis , Mukherjee Anwesha , Bhattacherjee Srimoyee , Gupta Payel
Published: November 2014

Authentication procedures are conducted in order to control and stop illegitimate access of such valuable data. This chapter discusses the biometric authentication inside the cloud. The authors describe how biometric information of a user can be securely transmitted and then stored inside the user database maintained in the trusted cloud. Femtocell, a recent development in mobile network using which secures biometric data transmission from the mobile device to the cloud, is discussed in this chapter.
Finding the Evidence for Practice in Social Work
Authors: Cargill Justin
Published: November 2014

The revolution in information technologies, in particular the growth of the Internet and greater access to computers, has given social workers unprecedented access to information resources. Researching such resources is crucial and it needs to be done efficiently. Planning an efficient search requires knowing which databases and other resources to use, knowing how to formulate an answerable question, identifying terms that inform the question, selecting the appropriate methodological filters, and being able to critically appraise evidence for its quality and relevance. This chapter, therefore, outlines some of the research sources available to social workers, it looks at some principles for finding information for practice in social work, and it outlines some criteria for evaluating the quality of that information.
Art Therapy
Authors: Hergass Shiri
Published: November 2014

Art therapy is universally practiced and has proven to be a successful intervention for trauma. This chapter focuses on how art therapy can be used to heal transgenerational trauma in Aboriginal Australians with a particular focus on children. The effects of trauma in general and transgenerational trauma more specifically on one's brain, physiology, and physical, emotional, and behavioural health are discussed. Promising practices of why art therapy works are outlined, challenges and cultural considerations for working with Aboriginal populations are identified, and solutions and future research are recommended.
Conclusion
Authors: Pack Margaret
Published: November 2014

This chapter gathers together and synthesises the concepts used and developed throughout this book. These themes include the challenges posed for social work as a profession in relation to notions of rationality and scientific research methods when considering what constitutes “evidence” for social work practice. This critique challenges the definition and application of evidence to complex scenarios where there are no easy answers, yet the agency and systems seem to demand them from social workers. In response to these challenges, social work has developed expertise in the use of case study and action research methods, drawing from interpretive and participative epistemologies. Such research studies aim to give resonance to voices hitherto missed, marginalised, or ignored. To redress this marginalisation and to provide much needed balance in what constitutes “evidence,” narratives of service-users and their caregivers have become primary sources of evidence, which are used to guide social work practice.
Resting metabolic rate analysis in chronic hemiparesis patients
Authors: De Sant’Anna Jr Mauricio , Eboli Leonardo Coelho , Silva Julio Guilherme , Dos Santos Alan Gomes , Lourenco Michele , Moreno Adalgiza Mafra , De Freitas Gabriel Rodriguez , Orsini Marco
Published: November 2014

The objective of the present study was to compare resting metabolic rate (RMR) of chronic hemiparetic patients to sedentary health individuals. The sample was composed of 16 individuals, that were divided into two groups. The first group had eight hemiparetic patients and the second group was formed by eight sedentary individuals. To access and analyze the gases information a VO2000 analyzer was used. The following variables were measured: VO2, VCO2, VE, QR, grams of fat (GrFAT), grams of carbohydrate. RMR was calculated based on Weir’s equation. There was a significant shift on ventilation variables: VE (P<0.0003), VO2 (P<0.0004) and VCO2 (P<0.0001) on hemiparetic individuals group when compared to control group. When the energetic substrate used behavior is observed, it shows that fat consumption (represented by GrFAT) is higher on the hemiparetic group when compared to controls (P<0.0001) significant differences were observed for RMR between groups (P<0.0001). RMR showed a correlation to VO2 on the hemiparetic group (r=0.9277, P=0.0022). To sum up, it was observed through the results that individuals with hemiparesis as a sequel of stroke showed a RMR larger than normal individuals.