bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Features of professional and creative development of personality at the stage of professional education
Authors: Lomak Olha , Vasylkevych Yaroslava
Published: December 2020

The article analyzes the problem of professional development of personality at the stage of professional education. Models of formation of professional activity (adaptive and transformative) are considered. The stages of professional development of personality (conception and formation of professional intentions; professional training and education; active entry into the professional environment; realization of professional aspirations and opportunities of the personality in independent work) are analyzed. The problem of interaction of personal and professional development is considered in the context of the professional development of students. The empirical study of the peculiarities of professional development of the personality of students of technical college allowed us to determine the features of the correspondence of personality types and the sphere of professional activity. It was found that in the sample of students-programmers the dominant personality type is the entrepreneurial type, which is characterized by solving uncertain tasks and responsibility for the performed work; the least represented type is the conventional type, which prefers structured activities, working according to instructions, certain algorithms, and has a stereotypical approach to problems. It is empirically determined that the need for security is the most pronounced in the sample and the need for self-affirmation is the least pronounced; the need for security is dominant in all personality types (except conventional). The study of creative abilities of students-programmers showed: 1) the indicator of originality as the main indicator of creativity is within the norm in all subgroups of students, but the lowest originality is found in the subgroup of the conventional type; 2) the indicator of elaboration is the highest in the artistic type of personality, the lowest level of elaboration (at the level below the norm) is found in the intellectual type; 3) high productivity and the lowest flexibility were demonstrated by representatives of the social type. Conclusions about the correspondence of personality types and professional and creative features of students-programmers are made.
Opyt uvelicheniia zelenykh zon i zakrepleniia ikh pravovogo statusa na territorii munitsipal'nogo obrazovaniia gorod Novorossiisk
Authors: Matasova Irina Iurevna
Published: December 2020

The article examines the problems of landscaping of urban areas and securing their legal status as one of the main areas of activity of the municipal economy to create conditions for a high standard of living of the population. The empirical base was provided by regulations, scientific articles and literature, statistical data, reports, and the results of a sociological study conducted on the territory of the Novorossiysk's Ministry of Defense. The analysis of the material allowed us to study the experience of local authorities in this area and formulate proposals to improve their effectiveness.
Sovershenstvovanie organizatsii depozitnykh operatsii i depozitnoi politiki na primere banka PAO SKB Primor'ia "Primsotsbank": analiz i perspektivy razvitiia
Authors: Stenkina Elena Nikolaevna , Sakharova Larisa Anatol'evna
Published: December 2020

The relevance of this study is associated with the improvement of the organization of deposit operations and deposit policy on the example of a bank, today great attention is paid to such aspects in financial activities, in modern realities banks are developing intensively and can provide consumers with a fairly large list of services provided throughout the country
Actualization of growth parameters of vegetative origin Oak stands of the Ukrainian forest-steppe zone
Authors: Khan Y. Yu. , Bala О. P.
Published: December 2020

Sustainable forest management, which based on the balance of ecological, economic and social aspects, requires a continuous updating and developing tools of objective assessment of the current state and further prediction changes of all elements of the forest ecosystem. Currently, questions related to the forecasting in the forestry is very important for actualization the databases in cases when using the continuous forest inventory. Vegetative origin oak stands play an important role in forming natural ecosystems in the Ukrainian forest-steppe zone. They represent 26 percent of all oak stands area, and, therefore, the question related to the growth modelling of biometric indices will be important in the future. The purpose of this research was to develop the growth models based on yield tables for the main biometric indices, such as: mean height, mean diameter, cross-sectional area per 1 ha and growing stock per 1 ha. Growth models for forecasting all specified biometric indices was based on the ratio of biometric index for the year ahead to the same index now taken from the forest growth tables for modal vegetative origin oak stands across dynamical site classes and the geographical location. The description of the obtained results was based on the lognormal density distribution function. The main parameters of mathematical models for the forecasting biometric indices were set using the nonlinear regression function via the IBM SPSS statistics software. Graphical and analytical methods were used for comparing the study results and analysing the obtained data. As a result of the study, the coefficients of the equation were obtained, which with sufficient accuracy describe the studied relations and forecasting the growth of stands according to the main biometric indices in the different age intervals. The deviation of growth modelling results for the main biometric indices, exhibit acceptable levels when compared to yield tables for vegetative origin Oak stands of the Ukrainian forest-steppe zone during all forecasting period and in percentage values are less than 1%, but for forecasting the stock per 1 ha for young forests the deviation can approach 4%. The forecasting period should preferably not exceed 10-15 years.
تقييم الاثرالبيئي لتنمية مناطق محمية أهوار محافظة ذي قار استراتيجيا
Authors: م.م. صوفيا رزاق علي التميمي  , م. تقى رعد جواد الربيعي  , أ.م.د. ندى خليفة الركابي
Published: December 2020

يعد التقييم البيئي الاستراتيجي "تقييم الآثار البيئية المحتملة بما فيها الآثار على صحة الانسانوالحيوان والتنوع الحيوي والتربة والمناخ والهواء والماء والمواقع الطبيعية والاصول المادية والتراثالثقافي والتفاعل بين هذه العوامل". ولما كان انضمام مناطق األهوار إلى لائحة التراث العالمي في عام2016م يوفر حماية للتنوع اإلحيائي فيها, لذا بات من الضروري تطبيق مراحل إعداد التقييم البيئيالاستراتيجي للمشاريع التنموية المقامة في المحمية عند إعداد الخطة التنموية مما يضمن تحقيق شروطالمحمية وبقائها ضمن لائحة التراث العالمي وضمن اتفاقية رامسار بعد تطبيق منهجية التقييم البيئي الاستراتيجي على منطقة الدراسة توصل البحث إلى ثالثةبدائل: البديل الاول يقع في المركز الحضري ويتضمن إنشاء فنادق محاكية للنمط العمراني السائد ضمنتقنيات صديقة للبيئة والاستفادة من الواجهة النهرية انشاء فنادق بتقنيات حديثة متناغمة مع النمط العمرانيالسائد وتنظيم رحلات لمنطقة المحمية وتوفير البنى التحتية وإنشاء مراكز للحرف اليدوية التراثية ومتحفللتراث الطبيعي لدعم السياحة وتوفير كل متطلبات السائح، أما البديل الثاني فيكون في المحمية الطبيعيةداخل الاهوارويتضمن إنشاء سكن يماثل مساكن الاهوار باستخدام المواد الالولية وتوفير متطلبات البديل
Raewyn Connell and the Making of Masculinity Studies in South Africa
Authors: Morrell Robert
Published: December 2020

The study of masculinity in South Africa scarcely existed in 1990. A minor interest in gender was focused on women and inequality. South Africa was emerging from four decades of apartheid. It was into this environment that Raewyn Connell’s ideas were introduced, adopted and adapted. Raewyn herself made a number of trips to South Africa in the 1990s and 2000s and found a ready reception for her theories about masculinity. South Africa was in transition feeling its way from white minority rule and authoritarianism toward democracy and a commitment to ending poverty, inequality, racism, and the oppression of women. In this article, I describe how Raewyn’s idea energized scholarship, created a new research interest in men and masculinity, and contributed to gender activism.
THE ODDITY OF THE RUSSIAN TURGENEV LIBRARY (PARIS, FRANCE)
Authors:   Shishkov Altai Regional Universal Scientific Library, Trukhina Olga
Published: December 2020

The paper briefly describes a history of establishing Russian Public Library in Paris, 1875, by an initiative of Russian politician German Lopatin; now, the Library is considered as the oldest Russian language book collection formed outside Russia. Ivan Turgenev's personal library took as a basis of the memorial document collection that gradually became a center of cultural life for the first wave of Russian revolution emigration to France. The article discloses content of the document collection by type of issues, calls its sources until it was seized by Nazi occupational administration in 1940, outlines the history of its “travelling”. Also, the general description of several examples of books and magazines that previously belonged to Ivan Turgenev's Russian Public Library and now is stocked in Vyacheslav Shishkov Altai Regional Universal Scientific Library (Barnaul, Russia) is given.
A lelkiismeret alkotmányossága
Authors: Deli Gergely
Published: December 2020

A tanulmány alapkérdése, hogy egy keresztény ember milyen alapon perelhet. Még ha saját, alkotmányban védett alapjogáról van szó, nem lenne helyesebb, ha szelíden lemondana igényéről? A tanulmány az esti lelkiismeret-vizsgálat eszközeivel keres választ erre a kérdésre. Az uralkodó, emberi méltóságra alapozott, individuális, következményorientált, emberi jogokban megnyilvánuló és „racionális” alkotmányosság helyett felvázolja egy „érzelmi” alkotmányosság alapvonalait, amely az emberi üdvösségre alapoz, személyes, szándékorientált, és tárgyául a bűnöket teszi meg.
Caracterización de recién nacidos a término con deshidratación hipernatrémica
Authors: Del Castillo C. Gabriel , Suárez A. Diana Vanessa , Granja A. Maria , Oviedo E. Bibiana , Urbano U. Jhuranny , Cabrera B. Nancy
Published: December 2020

La deshidratación hipernatrémica neonatal es una condición grave y su incidencia se ha incrementado en los últimos años, repercutiendo en complicaciones que llevan a la hospitalización del recién nacido.Objetivo: Describir las características clínicas y de laboratorio de recién nacidos a término con diagnostico de deshidratación hipernatremica.Pacientes y Método: Estudio observacional descriptivo de recién nacidos a término que se hospitalizaron por deshidratación hipernatrémica entre los años 2014 y 2016. Se incluyeron recién nacidos a término mayores de 37 semanas con signos clínicos de deshidratación (mucosas secas, fontanela deprimida, llanto sin lágrimas, signos de pliegue cutáneo) y/o pérdida excesiva de peso mayor de 7% y sodio sérico mayor a 145 mEq/L. Se registraron variables sociodemográficas y bioquímicas para su análisis.Resultados: Se incluyeron 43 neonatos. El 60,5% de sus madres fueron primigestantes, el 90% de los neonatos recibieron lactancia materna exclusiva, las madres reportaron problemas en la lactancia materna en el 76,7%. La pérdida de peso al ingreso con respecto al peso de nacimiento fue de 15,3% en promedio. El 83,3% contaba con seguro de salud público. 65,1% presentó signos clínicos de deshidratación al ingreso y 83,5% signos neurológicos transitorios. El promedio de sodio fue de 155 mEq/L al ingreso. El descenso de sodio en las primeras 24 horas de manejo fue 7,74 mEq/L (0,32mEq/L por hora). La corrección de la hipernatremia fue en el 55,8% por vía oral y la estancia hospitalaria de 4 días en promedio.Conclusiones: Los problemas de alimentación se presentaron en un (76%) madres primigestantes en un (88,4%). El 90,6% de esta población administraban lactancia materna exclusiva, resultados que pueden contribuir para alertar al profesional de la salud a identificar de forma oportuna, signos de alarma y un control precoz posterior al alta del puerperio y a la toma de medidas preventivas.
Apendicitis aguda perforada con diagnóstico prequirúrgico y hernia inguinal bilateral en recién nacido de pretérmino
Authors: Villalón U. Hernán , Patiño Angélica B. , Pérez S. Carolina , Hosiasson S. Stefan , Pinto C. Mauricio , Varela Patricio
Published: December 2020

La apendicitis aguda neonatal es una patología de muy baja frecuencia, con escasos reportes en los últimos 30 años. La clínica e imágenes son inespecíficas, diagnosticándose la mayoría de las veces durante el procedimiento quirúrgico.Objetivo: Presentar un caso de apendicitis aguda perforada en paciente prematura, con diagnóstico prequirúrgico y resolución laparoscópica, asociada a aparición posterior de hernia inguinal.Caso Clínico: Recién nacido femenino de 34 semanas que a los 17 días de vida presentó fiebre, irritabilidad y aumento del residuo lácteo. Al examen físico destacaba distensión y sensibilidad del abdomen y tanto la radiografía como ecografía abdominales eran compatibles con apendicitis aguda perforada, por lo cual ingresó a pabellón para laparoscopía. Confirmado el diagnóstico, se realizó apendicectomía. Dos semanas después en consulta ambulatoria, se evidenció y confirmó con ecografía una hernia inguinal bilateral que se corrigió quirúrgicamente.Conclusión: La apendicitis aguda debe considerarse dentro de los diagnósticos diferenciales en neonatos con clínica de abdomen agudo, principalmente en prematuros. En este caso, la ecografía permitió realizar el diagnóstico pre-operatorio. La posible asociación con hernia inguinal, debiera motivar a examinar siempre conductos inguinales durante la evaluación con imágenes y en el procedimiento quirúrgico.
Impacto en la calidad de vida de los adolescentes con diabetes mellitus tipo 1
Authors: Lizama Fuentes Francisca , Ormeño Rojas Sergio , Mourguiart Liberona Francisca , Fuentes Cammell Joaquin , López-Alegría Fanny
Published: December 2020

Introducción: La diabetes mellitus tipo 1 (DM1) es una enfermedad que se perfila para toda la vida.Objetivo: Identificar evidencia científica sobre el impacto de la DM1 en la calidad de vida de los adolescentes portadores de esta enfermedad.Método: Revisión sistemática en las bases bibliografías MEDLINE, LILACS, CINAHL y ScIELO, utilizando los descriptores “Adolescent*”, “Teen*”, “Diabetes Mellitus, Type1”, “Diabetes, type 1”, “Type 1 diabetes”, “Quality of life”, “Health related quality of life”, “Life quality”, “Health impact assessment”, “Health impact”, “Impact assessment, health”, “Diabetes Impact Measurement Scales”, “PedsQL”, “Glycated Hemoglobin A1c”, “Glycosylated Hemoglobin A1c”, y “HbA1c”. De los 679 artículos localizados, 25 fueron incluidos en el análisis. Algunos estudios fueron multicéntricos nacionales e internacionales. Los instrumentos más utilizados, relativos a las mediciones de la calidad de vida, fueron el Cuestionario de Calidad de Vida Pediátrica (PedsQL) en su versión genérica y módulo diabetes.Resultados: La calidad de vida evaluada por el adolescente que padece DM1 mediante Escalas de calidad de vida, está significativamente e inversamente asociada a los valores de HbA1c. Esta vinculación se extiende a una correlación significativa entre los puntajes genéricos totales de calidad de vida y HbA1c, pero no tiene la misma repercusión en los puntajes específicos.Conclusiones: El control metabólico se establece como la piedra angular que incide en el impacto en la relación DM1 y calidad de vida; vinculación que se vislumbra como bidireccional, aunque no se evidencia un consenso absoluto sobre los tipos de factores y los grados que influirían en el control metabólico.
Miocardiopatía dilatada en el niño
Authors: Urcelay Gonzalo
Published: December 2020

Las miocardiopatías (MC) son enfermedades del músculo cardíaco infrecuentes, con una incidencia anual de 1.1-1.2 casos por 100.000 niños. La miocardiopatía dilatada (MCD) es la principal forma, se caracteriza por dilatación ventricular y disfunción sistólica, y es causa importante de insuficiencia cardíaca congestiva (ICC). Las etiologías en niños son múltiples, siendo idiopáticas en el 50%-70%. En la evaluación de un niño con MCD es fundamental descartar causas secundarias potencialmente reversibles. El ecocardiograma es la principal herramienta diagnóstica: permite establecer el fenotipo cardíaco, grado de compromiso funcional, y la evolución y respuesta al tratamiento médico. El pronóstico es limitado, siendo mejor en pacientes menores a 1 año al momento de presentación, post miocarditis, o con menor grado de disfunción sistólica ventricular. En los primeros 2 años post presentación alrededor de 20% tienen normalización de la función ventricular; 40%-50% fallece o requiere un trasplante cardíaco (TC) en los primeros 5 años. El tratamiento médico se basa en recomendaciones de adultos, siendo la evidencia pediátrica muy limitada. El TC es la terapia definitiva en pacientes con ICC terminal, con excelentes resultados a corto y mediano plazo. Una proporción importante de pacientes requiere estabilización en lista de espera, incluyendo asistencia mecánica circulatoria como puente a trasplante. El objetivo de este artículo es actualizar la información disponible en etiología, mecanismos fisiopatológicos, factores pronósticos, y tratamiento de la MCD en niños.
Parental and educational perception of mutual responsibility and the influence of certain factors on successful mutual partnership cooperation
Authors: Mavračić Miković Ivana , Tot Daria
Published: December 2020

The partnership of educators and parents is in the centre of scientific interest and is one of the fundamental principles of good practice in kindergartens. Often the educators experience such a partnership as stressful in their professional mode of action (Epstein, 2013; Bleach, 2015). This paper seeks to highlight the need to strengthen the professional knowledge and skills of educators to build and develop partnerships with parents. They can be achieved in the course of their professional development, by means of active participation and altering of the existing practices. Therefore, the aim of this research was to examine attitudes and the opinions of parents and educators about their cooperation and partnership. The sample consists of 203 parents and educators from the institutions for early and preschool education from the City of Zagreb and Zagreb County. Hypotheses have been set that are related to the assessment of the importance of cooperation through the participants' own responsibility and also the influence of factors that influence a successful parent educator partnership.

Results suggest that respondents highly value mutual collaborative relationships, but do not recognize partnerships as a higher form of cooperation between educators and parents.
Differences in motor abilities among the students of the Department of Kinesiology in Osijek
Authors: Župan Tadijanov Daria
Published: December 2020

The aim of this research was to determine the differences in motor abilities between two generations of students of the Kinesiology Department with the Faculty of Education in Osijek, as part of Basic Kinesiological Transformations course and also to determine the differences based on gender.

Subject sample consisted of 112 students of Kinesiology, of which 53 subjects were from the first generation and 59 subjects from the second.
Tests for assessment of motor abilities of repetitive power and strength were pull-ups, sit-ups, chest presses and back squats.

A significant difference in motor abilities between the two generations of Kinesiology Department students was observed only in the motor test for assessment of repetitive power – pull-ups - among male students, whereby male students of the second generation achieved significantly better results.

Differences between the two generations of female students have not been
observed in any of the assessment tests. While analysing the differences based on gender, it has been observed that male students achieve significantly better results than female students in all the assessment tests of power and strength, except in sit-ups. The reason for the significant differences observed between the two generations of students of the Kinesiology Department only in the test for assessment of repetitive power – pull-ups – probably lies in the fact that the pull-ups, because of the complexity needed for executing them correctly,
have caused a higher degree of motivation while training, whereas other
tests did not appear to be equally motivating. The differences observed
based on gender correspond to standard differences which appear as a result of sexual dimorphism, even though the subjects in question were a
homogenised group of kinesiology students.
Keramik Motif Batik Malangan Sebagai Ikon Baru Kampung Keramik Dinoyo Kota Malang Jawa Timur
Authors: Sonalitha Elta , Yuniawan Dani Yuniawan , Yuliati Ninik Catur Endah Yuliati , Yuniawan Dani Yuniawan
Published: December 2020

Salah satu alasan menurunnya popularitas suatu produk adalah karena kurangnya inovasi dan pengembangan produk yang sebelumnya menjadi daya tarik pengunjung dan konsumen. Kampung Keramik Dinoyo adalah kumpulan usaha kecil dan menengah (UKM) di sektor gerabah yang cukup unik di kota Malang. Keramik tembikar yang dibuat dari bahan khusus, yaitu tanah liat yang mengandung kaolinit, dan bahan lainnya, yaitu: barclay / pucung, feldspar, gelas air, dan kobalt dengan berbagai warna. Keramik yang diproduksi oleh Dinoyo memiliki pola warna dan desain yang menekankan keindahan alam, di mana pola bunga, dedaunan dan tanaman membentuk karakteristik mereka sendiri untuk kerajinan keramik dari Dinoyo. Namun, sejak 2016, pengunjung ke desa keramik dan mereka yang tertarik dengan produk keramik terus menurun, ini disebabkan oleh kurangnya inovasi dan menurunnya proses pemasaran. Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini didedikasikan untuk mengamati dan menganalisis situasi yang menghasilkan kesepakatan dengan mitra yaitu adanya inovasi batik decal untuk dekorasi dan laminasi keramik. Inovasi teknologi Decal ini adalah hasil penelitian pelayan yang telah diuji pada beberapa objek, misalnya barang-barang lama yang terbuat dari besi, kuningan, plastik dan lainnya. Dengan menggunakan teknik decal pada hasil akhir dari keramik mampu menghemat waktu pengerjaan dan meningkatkan nilai jual produk. Tema yang diangkat guna mengupayakan inovasi di kampong keramik Dinoyo adalah motif dekorasi Batik Malangan. Dengan inovasi baru ini, diharapkan dapat mengangkat kembali aktivitas dan ketenaran Kampung Keramik Dinoyo di mata domestik dan luar negeri.
Tecnologías de industria 4.0 aplicables para el desarrollo de PYMES
Authors: Maila-Andrango Edison
Published: December 2020

INTRODUCCIÓN. La industria 4.0 abarca distintas tecnologías, por lo que, se ha desarrollado un sistema que utiliza parte de estas técnicas, con el fin de emplearlas para el progreso y desarrollo de Pymes. OBJETIVO. Simular un sistema para el control y monitoreo de procesos, que permita planificar la producción en Pymes. MÉTODO. El sistema de control y adquisición de datos se realizó con el software Ignition SCADA de Inductive Automation, la base de datos utilizada fue MYSQL, para el control del PLC se utilizó el software TIA PORTAL de Siemens y la simulación de la planta se realizó con el software Factory IO. RESULTADOS. El sistema desarrollado permite adquirir las señales del controlador lógico programable y enviarlas al servidor OPC-UA de Ignition de manera que se comunica con el SCADA, a su vez los datos del sensor de altura y los identificadores de los productos son enviados a la base de datos de MySQL. DISCUSIÓN Y CONCLUSIONES. El desarrollo del sistema con tecnologías aplicables en la industria 4.0, ha permitido tener una mejor toma de decisiones, una trazabilidad, una gestión de stock y datos de almacenamiento para el desarrollo de pequeñas y medianas empresas.
Prilog poznavanju prapovijesnih gradina na donjem toku rijeke Zrmanje
Authors: Vrkić Šime , Kulenović Ocelić Neda
Published: December 2020

U radu se objavljuju prapovijesni gradinski lokaliteti smješteni uz donji tok rijeke Zrmanje. Lokaliteti su detektirani analizom zračnih i satelitskih snimaka, topografskih karata i arhivskoga kartografskog gradiva te potvrđeni i dokumentirani metodom terenskoga pregleda i zračnim snimanjem. Većina lokaliteta pripada gradinskim lokalitetima manjih površina koji su izgrađenim na pogodnim položajima na kanjonu rijeke Zrmanje i pojasu od 2,5 km oko rijeke. Prapovijesna suhozidna arhitektura pokazuje uniformne karakteristike. Mogu se izdvojiti grupe jednakih svojstava kao što je dominantna zastupljenost struktura linearnoga tlocrta te dominacija lokaliteta manje površine. Većina lokaliteta ne sadrži kulturni sloj. Prema površini se ističu Velika gradina i Bojnik u Kruševu koje spadaju u gradinske lokalitete velike površine, a Berberova gradina u Bilišanima kao lokalitet s najbogatijim arheološkim slojem. Gradina u Muškovcima je najmonumentalniji primjer suhozidne arhitekture koja se ističe kao važna prapovijesna utvrda.
Clavi coctiles iz Cibala (Vinkovci)
Authors: Ožanić Roguljić Ivana , Drpić Jere
Published: December 2020

Manjim zaštitnim arheološkim istraživanjima koja su provedena 1990. godine u Vinkovcima na položaju Šokadija, otkriven je dio antičkoga stambenog objekta sa sustavom za grijanje. Detaljnom obradom arheološkoga materijala pronađenoga u ovome objektu indentificirano je, između ostalih nalaza, i više fragmenata šupljih kratkih keramičkih stožaca grublje izrade. Ovi predmeti se dovode u vezu s elementima jednoga specifičnog načina konstrukcije zidnoga dijela hypocausta, tj. zidnoga grijanja. Naime, riječ je o više fragmenata predmeta koji se nazivaju clavi coctiles, u hrvatskoj literaturi manje poznatih tipova keramičkih odstojnika korištenih u termalnim kompleksima diljem Rimskoga carstva.
DIAGNOSTICS, TREATMENT AND PROGNOSIS IN PATIENTS WITH COLORECTAL CANCER AND PERITONEAL CARCINOMATOSIS (review)
Authors: Fedyanin M. Yu. , Tryakin A. A. , Ter-Ovanesov M. D. , Tyulyandin S. A.
Published: December 2020

Isolated colorectal peritoneal metastases occur in 1.8% of patients. This type of tumor is characterized by certain phenotypic and molecular genetic characteristics, which determines the choice of specific treatment options. In this literature review, along with a description of the main principles of the pathogenesis of the disease, the sensitivity and specificity of various diagnostic methods for colorectal peritoneal lesions, the choice of systemic therapy, the need to perform peritonectomy and Intraperitoneal hyperthermic chemoperfusionare considered.
Deployment of Solar Sails by Joule Effect: Thermal Analysis and Experimental Results
Authors: Bovesecchi Gianluigi , Corasaniti Sandra , Costanza Girolamo , Piferi Fabrizio Paolo , Tata Maria Elisa
Published: December 2020

Space vehicles may be propelled by solar sails exploiting the radiation pressure coming from the sun and applied on their surfaces. This work deals with the adoption of Nickel-Titanium Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) elements in the sail deployment mechanism activated by the Joule Effect, i.e., using the same SMA elements as a resistance within suitable designed electrical circuits. Mathematical models were analyzed for the thermal analysis by implementing algorithms for the evaluation of the temperature trend depending on the design parameters. Several solar sail prototypes were built up and tested with different number, size, and arrangement of the SMA elements, as well as the type of the selected electrical circuit. The main parameters were discussed in the tested configurations and advantages discussed as well.
Vaccination of Sows against Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (PCV2) in a Subclinically Infected Herd Does Not Impact Reproductive Performance
Authors: Cybulski Piotr , Woźniak Aleksandra , Podgórska Katarzyna , Stadejek Tomasz
Published: December 2020

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) vaccination in piglets has become one of the crucial and indisputable procedures in modern swine production. The role of PCV2 vaccination in breeding animals is less explored. In the present study, the evaluation of the impact of sow vaccination on reproductive parameters was performed in a high health status, PCV2 subclinically infected herd of 3200 sows. The comparison of the number of liveborn, stillborn, and weak born piglets between groups of sows vaccinated on 1 or 28 days after weaning, or nonvaccinated, did not show any statistically significant differences. Although in the tested farm the vaccination of sows appeared to have no effect on reproductive performance, the results should not be generalized. Careful and individualized analysis of diagnostic and production data is crucial in economizing infectious disease control programs in sow herds and pig populations.
Chemical Composition of Cynara cardunculus L. var. altilis Bracts Cultivated in Central Greece: The Impact of Harvesting Time
Authors: Mandim Filipa , Petropoulos Spyridon A. , Giannoulis Kyriakos D. , Santos-Buelga Celestino , Ferreira Isabel C. F. R. , Barros Lillian
Published: December 2020

The present study evaluated the effect of maturity stage on the chemical composition of cardoon bracts. Plant material was collected in Greece at eight different maturation stages (C1–C8) and the chemical composition was analyzed in regard to lipidic fraction and the content in fatty acids, tocopherols, organic acids, and free sugars. Samples of late maturity (C6–C8) revealed the lowest lipidic content, while a total of 29 fatty acids was identified in all the samples, with palmitic, stearic, oleic, and eicosatrienoic acids present in the highest levels depending on harvesting time. Immature (C1) and mature (C8) bracts were more abundant in saturated fatty acids (SFA) than bracts of medium-to-late maturity (C5, C6), where the monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) were the prevalent class. The α- and γ-tocopherols were the only identified isoforms of vitamin E, while the highest content was observed in sample C8 (199 µg/100 g dry weight (dw). The detected organic acids were oxalic, quinic, malic, citric, and fumaric acids, while fructose, glucose, sucrose, trehalose, and raffinose were the main detected sugars. The results of the present study allowed us to reveal the effect of maturity stage on cardoon bracts chemical composition and further valorize this byproduct by improving its bioactive compounds content.
Fodder Yield, Quality and Growth of Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) as Affected by Sowing Density and Top-Dressing Nitrogen Fertilization
Authors: Rossi Roberta , Bochicchio Rocco , Labella Rosanna , Bitella Giovanni , Amato Mariana
Published: December 2020

Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) seeds are considered a superfood, but research on vegetative biomass uses is scarce. We conducted a two-year trial under the hypothesis that short-day flowering black chia would provide quality forage at high latitudes and tested sowing density (D1 = 125, D2 = 25, D3 = 8 and D4 = 4 plants m−2) and top-dressing N fertilization (N = 0, N = 20 kg ha−1) at three stages (EV = early vegetative, LV = late vegetative and EF = early flowering). Forage yield reached 9.0 and 5.64 t ha-1 of total and 2.07 and 1.56 t ha−1 of leaf dry mass at EF in 2013 and 2014, respectively. High plant density corresponded to higher biomass but to lower plant relative growth rate, stem diameter, branching, proportion of leaves and lipid and crude protein content. Crude protein declined from 18% at EV to about 8% at EF and was lower in D1 than in D4. Lipids ranged between 33.83 g kg−1 (D4, EV) and 17.34 g kg−1 (D1, EF) (p < 0.005). N topdressing affected forage quality but not yield. Alpha-linolenic acid was the most abundant fatty acid (FA) (608 g kg−1 FA at EV). The long vegetative growth of short-day flowering chia in southern Europe is favorable to fodder production, and management should be optimized by seeking balance between growth rate and stand density while optimizing vegetative stage growth for the highest forage quality.
Shelf-Life of Bunched Carrots as Affected by Nitrogen Fertilization and Leaf Presence
Authors: Ierna Anita , Mauro Rosario Paolo , Leonardi Cherubino , Giuffrida Francesco
Published: December 2020

Nitrogen (N) fertilization is essential for adequate earliness and the commercial attractiveness of carrots, but its excess could generate fast decay during postharvest, mostly in bunched carrots exhibiting their highly perishable leaves. A field experiment was conducted over the 2016–2017 growing season to address the effects of two N fertilization rates (120 and 240 kg N ha−1, hereafter N120 and N240, respectively) and leaf presence/absence (leaf+ and leaf−) on physicochemical and compositional traits of carrots cv. ‘Dordogne’, after storage at 4.0 ± 0.5 °C, 95–96% relative humidity (RH) for 0, 3, 6, 12, and 24 days (hereafter S0–S24). Before storage, carrots were arranged in bunches and packaged in common low-density polyethylene (LDPE) pouches (thickness 95 μm), 54 × 24 cm size, with 16 holes of 5 mm size. N240 carrots compared to N120 showed higher cumulative weight loss (CWL) and firmness reduction, with differences at S24 equal to 108 vs. 41 g kg−1 fresh weight (FW) and 13.3 vs. 14.5 N, respectively. N240 compared to N120 increased also the color deviation (ΔE*ab, +126%) and nitrates content (+93%) of carrots and slowed down their temporal increase of total polyphenols and antioxidant activity. Leaf+ carrots compared to leaf boosted CWL and firmness reduction, with differences at S24 equal to 90 vs. 58 g kg−1 FW and 12 vs. 17 N, respectively. In addition, leaf presence increased reducing sugars (+17%) and decreased nitrates (−24%) contents. This research has shown the possibility of improving the desirable quality and shelf-life of carrots by halving the N dose commonly supplied by growers and marketing bunched carrots within 12 days from the start of storage.
Instance Segmentation with Mask R-CNN Applied to Loose-Housed Dairy Cows in a Multi-Camera Setting
Authors: Salau Jennifer , Krieter Joachim
Published: December 2020

With increasing herd sizes came an enhanced requirement for automated systems to support the farmers in the monitoring of the health and welfare status of their livestock. Cattle are a highly sociable species, and the herd structure has important impact on the animal welfare. As the behaviour of the animals and their social interactions can be influenced by the presence of a human observer, a camera based system that automatically detects the animals would be beneficial to analyse dairy cattle herd activity. In the present study, eight surveillance cameras were mounted above the barn area of a group of thirty-six lactating Holstein Friesian dairy cows at the Chamber of Agriculture in Futterkamp in Northern Germany. With Mask R-CNN, a state-of-the-art model of convolutional neural networks was trained to determine pixel level segmentation masks for the cows in the video material. The model was pre-trained on the Microsoft common objects in the context data set, and transfer learning was carried out on annotated image material from the recordings as training data set. In addition, the relationship between the size of the used training data set and the performance on the model after transfer learning was analysed. The trained model achieved averaged precision (Intersection over union, IOU = 0.5) 91% and 85% for the detection of bounding boxes and segmentation masks of the cows, respectively, thereby laying a solid technical basis for an automated analysis of herd activity and the use of resources in loose-housing.
Impacts of Bovine Trace Mineral Supplementation on Maternal and Offspring Production and Health
Authors: Van Emon Megan , Sanford Carla , McCoski Sarah
Published: December 2020

Nutritional status can have major implications for animal health and production. Energy balance is easily determined using a body condition scoring system. This allows producers to readily adjust diets to meet an animal’s needs. Far less obvious is an animal’s trace mineral status, which is typically not assessed until an animal’s performance falls below expectation or illness is detected. Trace mineral toxicities and deficiencies can manifest as reduced thriftiness and/or poor reproductive performance, resulting in economic consequences for producers. Maternal mineral status not only impacts dam heath, but also the health of subsequent offspring. Both the oocyte and embryo are susceptible to changes in maternal mineral status. This susceptibility is maintained throughout fetal development via placental control of nutrient transfer to the fetal system. Furthermore, maternal mineral status continues to impact offspring health via colostrum and milk quality. Herein we discuss the roles of trace minerals in bovine reproductive performance, maternal health, colostrum and milk quality, and offspring health.
Comparative Kinematic Analysis of Hurdle Clearance Technique in Dogs: A Preliminary Report
Authors: Miró Francisco , López Patricia , Vilar Jose Manuel , Galisteo Alfonso M. , Vivo Joaquín , Garrido-Castro Juan L. , Gutierrez-Cepeda Luna
Published: December 2020

Although the jumping characteristics of agility dogs have been examined in recent years, there is currently a lack of data related to the suspension phase. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the biomechanics of the suspension phase of the agility jump and to analyze the kinematic differences in dogs with different jumping abilities. Two groups of dogs of the same height category (large dogs) competing at different skill levels and assessed as excellent jumpers (n = 4) and less-skilled jumpers (n = 3), respectively, were analyzed and statistically compared. Excellent jumpers showed longer and faster jumps with flatter jump trajectories than less-skilled jumpers. In less-skilled jumpers, the distance in front of the hurdle was notably greater than the distance behind it, while the difference between these two distances was less in excellent jumpers. Length and duration of the jump, maximal height of the jumping trajectory, take-off and landing distances to the hurdle, time of occurrence of maximal jump height, and time of change in back orientation essentially defines the suspension phase of the agility jump. This study presents preliminary evidence that the kinematic characteristics of hurdle clearance are different in excellent jumper dogs and in less-skilled jumper dogs.
Modulation of Heat-Shock Proteins Mediates Chicken Cell Survival against Thermal Stress
Authors: Shehata Abdelrazeq M. , Saadeldin Islam M. , Tukur Hammed A. , Habashy Walid S.
Published: December 2020

Heat stress is one of the most challenging environmental stresses affecting domestic animal production, particularly commercial poultry, subsequently causing severe yearly economic losses. Heat stress, a major source of oxidative stress, stimulates mitochondrial oxidative stress and cell dysfunction, leading to cell damage and apoptosis. Cell survival under stress conditions needs urgent response mechanisms and the consequent effective reinitiation of cell functions following stress mitigation. Exposure of cells to heat-stress conditions induces molecules that are ready for mediating cell death and survival signals, and for supporting the cell’s tolerance and/or recovery from damage. Heat-shock proteins (HSPs) confer cell protection against heat stress via different mechanisms, including developing thermotolerance, modulating apoptotic and antiapoptotic signaling pathways, and regulating cellular redox conditions. These functions mainly depend on the capacity of HSPs to work as molecular chaperones and to inhibit the aggregation of non-native and misfolded proteins. This review sheds light on the key factors in heat-shock responses for protection against cell damage induced by heat stress in chicken.
Case Report of a Mare Diagnosed with a Metastatic Mammary Carcinoma after the Excision of a Recurrent Intraocular Neuroepithelial Tumor
Authors: Brocca Ginevra , Centelleghe Cinzia , Padoan Elisa , Stoppini Riccardo , Giudice Chiara , Castagnaro Massimo , Zappulli Valentina
Published: December 2020

A 24-year-old Irish Cob mare was presented with a peripheral iris mass, which was surgically resected and diagnosed as an undifferentiated neuroepithelial tumor. A few months later, a relapse occurred with histological features characterized by a more solid appearance and squamous differentiation. Subsequently, the mare was presented with rapidly spreading multiple subcutaneous masses and, at the onset of neurological signs, was humanely euthanized and subjected to a complete post mortem examination. The necropsy confirmed the presence of numerous widespread masses in the subcutaneous tissue, several internal organs, and mammary gland. Histological and immunohistochemical (IHC) examinations were performed on all masses, allowing the diagnosis of mammary carcinoma with several visceral and subcutaneous metastases. Considering the post mortem findings, the second intraocular mass was submitted to histological and IHC re-evaluation to differentiate it from an intraocular metastasis of the mammary carcinoma. The results of the histological and IHC analyses confirmed the diagnosis of neuroepithelial tumor relapse. This is the first case of a metastatic mammary carcinoma concurrent with a recurrent intraocular neuroepithelial tumor in a mare. This case was a challenge for both clinicians and pathologists involved and highlighted the importance of post mortem and IHC evaluations.
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae Eradication with Enrofloxacin May Lead to Dissemination and Long-Term Persistence of Quinolone Resistant Escherichia coli in Pig Herds
Authors: Kaspersen Håkon , Urdahl Anne Margrete , Grøntvedt Carl Andreas , Gulliksen Stine Margrethe , Tesfamichael Bereket , Slettemeås Jannice Schau , Norström Madelaine , Sekse Camilla
Published: December 2020

Norway has a favourable situation with regard to health status and antimicrobial usage in the pig production sector. However, one of the major disease-causing agents in the commercial pig population is Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP). In some herds, APP eradication has been performed by using enrofloxacin in combination with a partial herd depopulation. The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term effects of a single treatment event with enrofloxacin on the occurrence of quinolone resistant Escherichia coli (QREC). The study was designed as a retrospective case/control study, where the herds were selected based on treatment history. Faecal samples were taken from sows, gilts, fattening pigs and weaners for all herds where available. A semi-quantitative culturing method was used to identify the relative quantity of QREC in the faecal samples. A significant difference in overall occurrence and relative quantity of QREC was identified between the case and control herds, as well as between each animal age group within the case/control groups. The results indicate that a single treatment event with enrofloxacin significantly increased the occurrence of QREC in the herd, even years after treatment and with no subsequent exposure to quinolones.
In Vitro Activities and Inoculum Effects of Ceftazidime-Avibactam and Aztreonam-Avibactam against Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales Isolates from South Korea
Authors: Kim Taeeun , Lee Seung Cheol , Bae Moonsuk , Sung Heungsup , Kim Mi-Na , Jung Jiwon , Kim Min Jae , Kim Sung-Han , Lee Sang-Oh , Choi Sang-Ho , Kim Yang Soo , Chong Yong Pil
Published: December 2020

Ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI) and aztreonam-avibactam (AZT-AVI) are novel antibiotic combinations active against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens. This study aimed to evaluate their in vitro activities and inoculum effects in carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE), including carbapenemase-producing (CP)-CRE and non-CP-CRE. A total of 81 independent clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were collected. CAZ-AVI and AZT-AVI minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were evaluated by broth microdilution using standard and high inocula. The inoculum effect was defined as an ≥8-fold increase in MIC with high inoculum. Phenotypic determination of β-lactam resistance mechanism and PCR for carbapenemase genes were performed. Of the 81 CRE isolates, 35 (43%) were CP-CRE. Overall, 73% of the isolates were susceptible to CAZ-AVI, and 95% had low AZT-AVI MICs (≤8 µg/mL). The MIC50/MIC90s of CAZ-AVI and AZT-AVI were 4/≥512 µg/mL and 0.5/4 µg/mL, respectively. CAZ-AVI was more active against non-CP-CRE than against CP-CRE (susceptibility 80% vs. 63%, p = 0.08; MIC50/MIC90, 2/16 μg/mL vs. 4/≥512 μg/mL), whereas AZT-AVI was more active against CP-CRE (MIC50/MIC90, 0.25/1 μg/mL vs. 0.5/8 μg/mL). All four isolates with high AZT-AVI MIC (≥16 μg/mL) were resistant to CAZ-AVI, but only 18% (4/22) of CAZ-AVI-resistant isolates had high AZT-AVI MIC. The rates of the inoculum effect for CAZ-AVI and AZT-AVI were 18% and 47%, respectively (p < 0.001). Interestingly, the frequency of the AZT-AVI inoculum effect was higher in K. pneumoniae than E. coli (64% vs. 8%, p < 0.001). AZT-AVI is more active against CRE than CAZ-AVI, even in CP-CRE and CAZ-AVI-resistant isolates. The presence of a substantial inoculum effect may contribute to clinical failure in high-inoculum infections treated with AZT-AVI.
Impact of Antibiotic Prescribing Patterns on Susceptibilities of Uropathogens in Children below 24 Months Old
Authors: Park Ji Young , Kang Hyun Mi , Kwak Eun Min , Rhim Jung-Woo , Ahn Yo Han , Lee Hyunju , Jeong Dae Chul , Kang Jin Han
Published: December 2020

Monitoring regional antibiotic resistance patterns of uropathogens are important for deciding suitable empirical antibiotics for urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children. This study aimed to investigate regional differences in antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of E. coli and Klebsiella spp. in children below 24 months old, diagnosed with their first episode of UTI, and to find factors associated with an increased risk for UTI caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing uropathogens. This was a retrospective cohort study of children diagnosed between 2011 and 2017 in four different hospitals located in four different regions of South Korea; regions A, B, C, and D. The government’s big data repository was used to acquire data on regional antibiotic prescriptions. The pooled antimicrobial susceptibilities of E. coli and Klebsiella spp. (n = 2044) were as follows: ampicillin–sulbactam (61.0%), 3rd generation cephalosporin (3C) (82.8%), and trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole (72.0%). Multivariate analysis showed that children diagnosed at hospital A (OR, 1.8; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2–2.6; P = 0.002) and every year that increased in the study period (OR, 1.1; 95% CI, 1.1–1.2; P < 0.001) were factors associated with an increased risk for UTIs with ESBL-producers. Regions A and B had significantly higher amounts of oral 3Cs prescribed compared to regions C and D (P = 0.009), which correlate with hospitals in the regions that had higher proportions of UTIs with ESBL-producing uropathogens (A and B vs. C and D, P < 0.001). Therefore, children in certain regions are at a higher risk for UTIs caused by ESBL-producers compared to other regions, which correlate with regions that had higher amounts of oral 3Cs prescribed.