bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Expression of AtNF-YB1 in rice leading to early flowering shows potential in rice breeding
Authors: Chen Kegui , Peng Meifang , Gan Feng , Pan Chunmei , Lin Xiaomin , Lin Feng , Ren Yuanhang , Na Shungui , Zhu Xinhai , Tang Wenwen , Wu Zhixue , Fan Xiaoli
Published: April 2023

Grain yield and growth period are two critical agronomic traits for a rice cultivar to be used in field production. The growth period is mainly determined by the flowering time, which also greatly affects grain yields. An Arabidopsis gene, AtNF-YB1, was introduced into rice, including inbred Kasalath and two hybrids, Jinfeng × Chenghui 727 and Jinfeng × Chuanhui 907. All the transgenic rice showed flowering early under both natural long-day (NLD) and natural short-day (NSD). Kasalath with expression of the gene also showed shorter plant height and less grain yield with the decrease in spike length and grain number but more productive panicles. But, for the hybrids, much smaller or even no reduction of spike length, grain number, and more productive panicle were observed so that grain yields were kept or even increased underNLD. Transcript analysis of the major flowering-time genes suggested that suppression of the Ghd7 transcription activated flowering transition early in the transgenic rice. RNA-Seq further demonstrated that three pathways related to plant photosynthesis were markedly up-regulated in both Jinfeng B and hybrid Jinfeng ×Chuanhui 907. Accordingly, up-regulated photosynthetic rates in the transgenic plants were then observed in the subsequent experiments. All these results suggest that expression of AtNF-YB1 in rice may be useful for creating variety with early ripening, particularly for hybrid rice.
GSPT1 Promotes the Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion of Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Xu Lihua , Li Haitao , Wang Jing , Li Zhi , Fan Sijia , Xi Yiqing , Gong Lili , Hu Gang , Ye Chunmei , Deng Jiang , Feng Maohui
Published: April 2023

Breast cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. However, some of the mechanisms underlying its development are unknown. In previous studies, the G1 to S phase transition 1 gene (GSPT1) has been shown to be essential in diverse biological processes. In addition to its role in translation termination, GSPT1 is reported to be involved in mRNA decay, cell cycle regulation, cytoskeleton organization, and apoptosis. Our results show that GSPT1is overexpressed in breast cancer and might serve as an independent biomarker. Our results show overexpression of GSPT1 promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of MCF-7 cells. We used CRISPR-Cas9 to knockdown GSPT1 in cells, which inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of SK-BR-3 cells. Further analysis indicated a significant positive correlation between GSPT1 and GSPT1-interacting protein angiopoietin-like 4(ANGPTL4) expression. Together, these findings suggest that GSPT1 may be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for breast cancer.
Medical students’ experiences, perceptions, and management of second victim: An interview study
Authors: Krogh Tobias Browall , Mielke-Christensen Anne , Madsen Marlene Dyrløv , Østergaard Doris , Dieckmann Peter
Published: April 2023

Background The term second victim describes a healthcare professional who has been involved in an adverse event and feels wounded by the event. The effects of this experience differ. It can present as second victim syndrome, describing a wide range and degree of emotional and behavioural responses. Studies show that medical students can also experience second victim. The aim of this study was to elucidate medical students’ experiences, perceptions, and management of second victim and second victim syndrome and to describe possible learning needs around these issues.Methods Thirteen medical students and two recent medical graduates participated in semi-structured focus group interviews. The interviews lasted 1.5-2 hours and were audiotaped, transcribed, and analysed using Braun and Clarke’s thematic analysis.Results Five main themes were identified: contributing factors; current coping strategies; perception of own requirements and learning needs; implicit learning needs; wishes for the future healthcare system. Students’ behavioural and emotional response to dilemmas were affected by stakeholders and practices embedded in the healthcare system. Students described patient-injury and unexpected events as triggers for second victim, but also harmful interactions with individuals and feelings of self-blame. Students’ coping centred around their network, formal offers, and separation of personal- and work-life. Students sought a clear definition of second victim and a desire for role-models. Students emphasized the importance of the healthcare organisation understanding students’ needs and providing them relevant support. Implicit learning needs included how to handle feeling like a burden, managing waiting time after patient complaints, and learning how to help second victims recover.Conclusion Students experience second victim as described in the literature. Students’ emotional responses were caused by classical triggers, but also triggers in the educational environment: harmful interactions and self-blame. We must aim to prepare students for adverse events and emotional responses and potential learning needs to achieve this have been identified. The health organisation and healthcare professionals must support students’ mental well-being and contribute to ideal conditions for their professional development and management of second victim.
The 2010-15 anomaly in the Southern Hemisphere baseline CO2
Authors: Francey R. J. , Frederiksen J. S.
Published: April 2023

The CO2 measured in baseline air collected over three decades from six Southern Hemisphere sites spanning 70° of latitude uniformly indicate an 11 PgC anomaly between 2010 and 2015. The anomaly, in annually averaged residuals from the smooth increase due to the cumulative total of long lived anthropogenic emissions, exceeds uptake expected from modelled sinks. It also departs from long term lagged correlations with ENSO indices. Air-surface exchange is of insufficient magnitude, abruptness, and persistence to explain the anomaly. Overestimation in the 3–4 PgC year− 1 interhemispheric flux of fossil emissions is implied. The anomaly trails the GFC, whose impact is complicated by anomalous within-NH and interhemispheric mixing. Resumption of atmospheric behaviour more consistent with emission estimates coincides with improved national emissions accounting at COP21. There is relevance to top-down air-surface flux estimates, for example, recent conflicting transport model estimates of Chinese emission trends or El Niño induced emissions.
A survey of mobile phone addiction with concentration, emotion, sleep quality, cognition, self-value, and academic performance among college students
Authors: Sun Jing-Ting , Zhang Min , Hu Bo , Zhao Yuan-Fang , Fan Yun-Yun , Chen Zhu-Hong , Shang Yu-Xuan , Li Yu-Ting , Zhang Chi , Sun Li-Li , Wang Wen
Published: April 2023

Background Mobile phones bring convenience to modern life but increase the risk of addiction. The purpose of this survey was to investigate the association between mobile phone addiction (MPA) and concentration, emotion, sleep quality, cognition, self-value, and academic performance of college students.Methods Preliminary data were collected from 402 college students. Participants completed 12 scales including the mobile phone addiction index (MPAI). The Pearson correlation test and the multiple linear regression analysis were used to investigate their relationship between MPA and other factors. The mediating effect model was used to analyze the influence of MPA on self-control and academic performance.Results The MPA was positively correlated with self-control, negative emotion, sleep quality, ability attribution, background attribution, luck attribution, mastery avoidance goal, performance approach goal, and performance avoidance goal, and negatively correlated with mindfulness, and attentional control. Meanwhile, self-control, negative emotion, and mastery avoidance goal can positively predict MPA. Self-control, but not MPA, is positively correlated with academic performance. MPA has no mediating effect between self-control and academic achievement.Conclusions Our study revealed some influence of MPA on contemporary college students, with the purpose of warning college students addicted to mobile phones not to waste time and improve self-control.
Post-CMOS processing challenges and design developments of CMOS-MEMS microheaters for local CNT synthesis
Authors: Roy Avisek , Ta Bao , Azadmehr Mehdi , Aasmundtveit Knut
Published: April 2023

Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) can be locally grown on custom-designed CMOS microheaters by thermal chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process to utilize the sensing capabilities of CNTs in emerging micro and nanotechnology applications. For such a direct CMOS-CNT integration, a key requirement is the development of necessary post-processing steps on CMOS chips for fabricating CMOS-MEMS polysilicon heaters that can locally generate the required CNT synthesis temperatures (~650–900 ˚C). In our post-CMOS processing, subtractive fabrication technique is used for micromachining the polysilicon heaters, where the passivation layers in CMOS are used as mask to protect the electronics. For the dielectric etching, it is necessary to achieve high selectivity, uniform etching and good etch rate to fully expose the polysilicon layers without causing damages. We achieved the successful post-CMOS processing by developing two-step reactive ion etching (RIE) of SiO2 dielectric layer and making design improvements on a second-generation CMOS chip. After the dry etching process, CMOS-MEMS microheaters are also partially suspended to obtain high thermal isolation by SiO2 wet etching with minimum damage to the exposed aluminium layers. The fabricated microheaters are then successfully utilized for synthesizing CNTs by local thermal CVD process. The CMOS post-processing challenges and design aspects to fabricate the CMOS-MEMS polysilicon microheaters for such high temperature applications are detailed in this article. Our developed process for heterogenous monolithic integration of CMOS-CNT shows the promise of wafer-level manufacturing of CNT-based sensors by incorporating additional steps in an already existing foundry CMOS process.
Advanced lung cancer inflammation index predicts survival outcome of cancer patients with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Zhang Xi , Li Yan-Hong , Huang Jia-Xin , Zhang Qi , Tang Meng , Deng Li , Cong Ming-Hua , Shi Han-Ping
Published: April 2023

Rationale: Patients with cancer and diabetes mellitus (DM) are more likely to develop a proinflammatory or malnourished status. Advanced lung cancer inflammation index (ALI) is a useful indicator of systemic inflammation and nutritional status. However, its association with mortality in patients with cancer and DM has not yet been clarified.Methods A total of 1466 patients with cancer and DM were included in this study. The association between ALI and overall survival was examined using the Kaplan–Meier method and the Cox model.Results Among the participants, 878 (59.9%) were men and 588 (40.1%) were women. The area under the curve (AUC) for all-cause mortality was higher for the ALI than the inflammation-based scores. An increase in ALI was inversely associated with all-cause mortality. Low ALI was associated with a worse prognosis in cancer patients with DM (HR, 1.47; 95% CI: 1.23–1.77; P < 0.01). For specific tumor types, low ALI was independently associated with worse prognosis in patients with lung cancer, upper gastrointestinal cancer, and colorectal cancer. The association between ALI and all-cause mortality was modified by age.Conclusions Low ALI is associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality in patients with cancer and DM.
A rare non-canonical splice site in Trema orientalis SYMRK does not affect its dual symbiotic functioning in endomycorrhiza and rhizobium nodulation
Authors: Alhusayni Sultan , Roswanjaya Yuda Purwana , Rutten Luuk , Huisman Rik , Bertram Simon , Sharma Trupti , Schon Michael , Kohlen Wouter , Klein Joël , Geurts Rene
Published: April 2023

Background Nitrogen-fixing nodules occur in ten related taxonomic lineages interspersed with lineages of non-nodulating plant species. Nodules result from an endosymbiosis between plants and diazotrophic bacteria; rhizobia in the case of legumes and Parasponia and Frankia in the case of actinorhizal species. Nodulating plants share a conserved set of symbiosis genes, whereas related non-nodulating sister species show pseudogenization of several key nodulation-specific genes. Signalling and cellular mechanisms critical for nodulation have been co-opted from the more ancient plant-fungal arbuscular endomycorrhizal symbiosis. Studies in legumes and actinorhizal plants uncovered a key component in symbiotic signalling, the LRR-type SYMBIOSIS RECEPTOR KINASE (SYMRK). SYMRK is essential for nodulation and arbuscular endomycorrhizal symbiosis. To our surprise, however, despite its arbuscular endomycorrhizal symbiosis capacities, we observed a seemingly critical mutation in a donor splice site in the SYMRK gene of Trema orientalis, the non-nodulating sister species of Parasponia. This led us to investigate the symbiotic functioning of SYMRK in the Trema-Parasponia lineage and to address the question of to what extent a single nucleotide polymorphism in a donor splice site affects the symbiotic functioning of SYMRK.Results We show that SYMRK is essential for nodulation and endomycorrhization in Parasponia andersonii. Subsequently, it is revealed that the 5’-intron donor splice site of SYMRK intron 12 is variable and, in most dicotyledon species, doesn’t contain the canonical dinucleotide ‘GT’ signature but the much less common motif ‘GC’. Strikingly, in T. orientalis, this motif converted into a rare non-canonical 5’-intron donor splice site ‘GA’. This SYMRK allele, however, is fully functional and spreads in the T. orientalis population of Malaysian Borneo. A further investigation into the occurrence of the non-canonical GA-AG splice sites confirmed that these are extremely rare.Conclusion SYMRK functioning is highly conserved in legumes, actinorhizal plants, and Parasponia. The gene possesses a non-common 5’-intron donor GC donor splice site in intron 12, which is converted into a GA in T. orientalis accessions of Malaysian Borneo. The discovery of this functional GA-AG splice site in SYMRK highlights a gap in our understanding of splice donor sites.
Retrofitting low-performance units to abate sewer overflow pollution based on mathematical model and Sobol algorithm
Authors: Zhao Zhichao , Yin Hailong , Huang Xiaomin , Wen Junbo , Fu Xiaowei
Published: April 2023

Optimal retrofit of low-performance units (LPUs) is promising to abate overflow pollutant mass loading of sewer systems during wet-weathers. This study presents a combination of mathematical model and Sobol algorithm to help identify LPUs of sewer systems and design retrofitting strategies. Therefore, the solution to minimize the overflow pollutant mass loading from sewers systems can be efficiently obtained. The developed method was demonstrated at a catchment served by one wastewater treatment plant in Chaohu City, Anhui Province of China, with five pumping stations and a total sewer length of 58.3 km. Within the catchment, there are three rivers and a pool, which are the main waterbodies for receiving the overflow pollutant mass loading from the sewer system. Among them, Donghuancheng river was the most polluted and thus selected as the object for water quality improvement by LPU retrofits in the paper. After identifying the LPUs in the sewer system along Donghuancheng river, and developing the associated retrofitting strategies using Sobol sequence, the mitigations for overflow pollutant mass loading were analyzed. Results show that by applying the optimal retrofit strategy, i.e., increasing the conveyance capacities of two pumping stations by 2.5~3.2 times and augmenting the diameters of 12 sewers by 1.25~1.29 times along Donghuancheng river, the mass loading of chemical oxygen demand (COD) discharged into the river could be reduced by 40.6%. To further coordinate the abatement of overflow pollution and retrofit investment, Sobol sensitivity analysis was conducted to screen the dominant LPUs to update the optimal retrofit strategy. Using the updated strategy, the overflow COD mass loading (1100 kg) per overflow event could be close to that of non-updated strategy (1039 kg) while reducing the retrofitting length of sewers by 40%. Therefore, on the basis of the presented method, decision-makers can flexibly develop an optimal retrofitting strategy for enhancing conveyance and interception efficiencies of sewage and respond to the abatement of overflow pollutant mass loading in a cost-effective way.
FGF-23 is a Biomarker of RV Dysfunction and Congestion in Patients with HFrEF
Authors: Benes Jan , Kroupova Katerina , Kotrc Martin , Petrak Jiri , Jarolim Petr , Novosadova Vendula , Kautzner Josef , Melenovsky Vojtech
Published: April 2023

Aims: There is no biomarker reflecting right ventricular dysfunction in HFrEF patients used in clinical practice. We have aimed to look for a circulating marker of RV dysfunction employing a quantitative proteomic strategy.
Methods and Results: The Olink Proteomics Multiplex panels (Cardiovascular Disease II, III, Cardiometabolic, and Inflammation Target Panels) identified FGF-23 to be the most differentially abundant (more than 2.5-fold) in blood plasma of HF patients with severe RV dysfunction (n=30) compared to those with preserved RV function (n= 31). A subsequent ELISA-based confirmatory analysis of circulating FGF-23 in a large cohort of patients (n= 344, 72.7% NYHA III/IV, LVEF 22.5%, 54.1% with moderate/severe RV dysfunction), followed by multivariable regression analysis, revealed that the plasma FGF-23 level was most significantly associated with RV dysfunction grade (p= 0.0004) and congestion in the systemic circulation (p= 0.03), but not with LV-ejection fraction (p= 0.69) or estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR, p= 0.08). FGF-23 was associated with the degree of RV dysfunction in both sub-cohorts (i.e. in patients with and without congestion, p<0.0001). The association between FGF-23 and RV-dysfunction remained significant after the adjustment for BNP (p= 0.01). In contrast, when adjusted for BNP, FGF-23 was no longer associated with LV dysfunction (p=0.59). The Cox proportional hazard model revealed that circulating FGF-23 was significantly associated with adverse outcomes even after adjusting for BNP, LVEF, RV dysfunction grade and eGFR.
Conclusion: Circulating FGF-23 is a biomarker of right ventricular dysfunction in HFrEF patients regardless of congestion status.
Maternal and Live-birth Outcomes of Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy after in vitro fertilization
Authors: Zhu Ying , Xu Le , Beejadhursing Rajluxmee , Li Fei
Published: April 2023

Background Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is an idiopathic disease of pregnancy while knowledge about ICP after IVF outcomes is scarce, especially the exact maternal characteristics and pregnancy outcomes. Our aim is to evaluate the impact of in vitro fertilization (IVF) on the perinatal outcomes of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy.Methods A retrospective study of 242 patients with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy enrolled between 2019–2021 was carried out. Data were analyzed from the medical archives of the Huazhong university of science and technology, Tongji Hospital. The data analysis was conducted with SPSS 20.0 statistical software, results below 0.05 indicated significance.Results Numerical values of transaminases (ALT, AST) and TBA are significantly lower in the IVF group than that in the SC group (p < 0.05). The incidence of GDM was higher in the IVF group than in SC group (30.6% vs 16%, p < 0.05). The cesarean section rates are higher in the IVF group (97.2% vs 85.4%, p < 0.05). On the other hand, the prevalence of premature rupture of membranes was higher in the SC group (10.7%) while none was reported in the IVF-ICP group. Other maternal comorbidities and neonatal outcomes were similar between the two groups.Conclusion ICP patients who underwent IVF did not experience adverse pregnancy outcomes compared with those who conceived spontaneously. Given that there was no significant difference in prognosis and stillbirth incidence in the third trimester for IVF women with ICP, we suggest following the routine management.
A Chlorfenapyr-Based Net Interceptor® G2 Shows High Efficacy Against a Pyrethroid Resistant Anopheles funestus from Central Cameroon
Authors: Tchouakui Magellan , Thiomela Riccado F. , Nchoutpouen Elysee , Menze Benjamin D. , Ndo Cyrille , Achu Dorothy , Tabue Raymond N. , Njiokou Flobert , Joel Ateba , Wondji Charles S.
Published: April 2023

Background The increasing reports of resistance to pyrethroid insecticides associated with reduced efficacy of pyrethroid-only interventions highlight the urgency of introducing new non-pyrethroid-only control tools. Here, we investigated the performance of PBO-pyrethroid (PermaNet 3.0 (P3.0)) and dual active ingredients (AI) nets (Interceptor G2 (IG2) containing pyrethroids and chlorfenapyr) and Royal Guard (RG)- containing pyrethoids and pyripoxyfen) against pyrethroid-resistant malaria vectors in Cameroon.Methods The efficacy of these tools was first evaluated on Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles funestus s.s using cone/tunnel assays in five sites across the country. In addition, experimental hut trials (EHT) were performed to evaluate the performance of these nets in semi-field conditions where An funestus predominate using unwashed and 20 times washed nets. Furthermore, pyrethroid-resistant markers were genotyped in dead vs alive, blood-fed vs unfed mosquitoes after exposure to these nets to evaluate the impact of known pyrethroid resistance markers on performance of the new nets.Results IG2 was the most effective net against wild pyrethroid -resistant An funestus followed by PermaNet 3.0. In EHT, this net induced up to 87.8% (95% CI 83– 92%) mortality and 55.6% (95% CI 48– 63%) after 20 washes whilst unwashed pyrethroid-only net (Royal sentry) killed just 18% (95% CI 13–23%) of host-seeking An. funestus. The unwashed P3.0 killed up to 54% (95% CI 44–63%) of field-resistant mosquitoes and 47% (95% CI 38– 57%) when washed 20 times. IG2 and P3.0 also provided better personal protection (blood feeding inhibition 66.2% and 92.8%) compared to pyrethroid-only net RS (8.4%) RG (77.84%). Interestingly, a negative association was found between kdrW and the chlorfenapyr-based net IG2 (χ2 = 138; P < 0.0001) with RR mosquitoes predominantly found in the deadConclusions The high mortality recorded by Interceptor G2 against pyrethroid-resistant An. funestus in this study provides first field evidence of high efficacy against this major malaria vector in Cameroon. However the efficacy of this tools should be assessed in other locations and on other major malaria vectors across the country.
Association between Body Mass Index (BMI) and [123I]-Ioflupane (DaTSCAN) availabilities in patients with parkinsonism using single-photon computed tomography-computed tomography (SPECT-CT)
Authors: Parekh Puja , Begley Patrick , Jessop Maryam , Aplin Mark , Missir Elena , McMeekin Helena , Raczek Malgorzata , Singh Nitasha , Dizdarevic Sabina
Published: April 2023

Aim [123I]-Ioflupane (DaTSCAN) has a high binding affinity to the dopamine (DA) transporter (DaT) and tenfold less affinity to serotonin (5-HT) transporter (SERT). Both neurotransmitters are considered to contribute to body weight regulation. This study assesses the association between Body Mass Index (BMI) and DaTSCAN availability in brain.Method Scans from 74 consecutive patients who had undergone DaTSCAN single-photon computed tomography-computed tomography (SPECT-CT were used to obtain semi and absolute quantitative data in several volumes of interest (VOIs). Relative semi-quantitative specific binding ratios (SBRs) from Chang attenuated SPECT were obtained from GE DaTQUANT. Absolute normalised concentration (NC) was calculated from attenuation/scatter corrected SPECT-CT images, using an adapted version of the EARL Ltd (European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM) Research 4 Life) template.Results SBRs did not correlate with BMI. However, NC values correlated negatively in the entire cohort, with the strongest correlation in the frontal (r= -0.649. p = 0.000), occipital (r= -0.555, p = 0.000) regions and pons (r= -0.555, p = 0.000). In the abnormal (n = 49) and SWEDD group (n = 11), NC of the frontal region was the most correlated with BMI (r= -0.570, p = 0.000; r=-0.813, p = 0.002, respectively). In the borderline group (n = 14), the left posterior putamen displayed the strongest correlation (r=-0.765, p = 0.001).Conclusion Absolute NC values demonstrate a strong inverse correlation with BMI, strongest in the extrastriatal regions. Due to the predominately non-overlapping distribution of DaT and SERT, this study suggests greater involvement of SERT in obesity with possible interplay with DA transmission.
Near-infrared polarised light transmission characteristics in complex multilayer sea fog environments
Authors: Luo Kaiming , Fu Qiang , Zhang Meng , Yang Wei , Zhang Yue , Zhang Su , Zhan Juntong , Jiang Huilin
Published: April 2023

Sea fog particles have a serious impact on light wave propagation, resulting in low contrast and unrecognisable intensity images, which adversely affect transportation, marine fishing and development projects, as well as military activities. In this paper, a T-matrix-based transmission model is established to simulate polarised light. Using the polarised transmission model and a multi-layer sea fog simulator, the effects of different polarisation states, different wavelengths and different salinities on the degree of polarisation are investigated in multi-layers of different media and 14 cases of optical thickness. The results show that it is more difficult to depolarise circularly polarised light than linearly polarised light at the same sea spray optical thickness. The DOP(Degree of polarization) of near-infrared light is always greater than that of visible light, indicating that circularly polarised light is more polarisation preserving than linearly polarised light, and that the polarisation preserving properties of near-infrared light are better than those of visible light.
Peri-operative risk factors of chronic kidney disease after Acute Repair of Type A Aortic Dissection surgery
Authors: Guo Shengwen , Yan Pianpian , Wu Xijie , Huang Yiting , Lu Meili , Jiang Lulu , Zhou Yanqing , Ma Jiarong
Published: April 2023

Objective Cardiac surgery associated-acute kidney injury (CS-AKI) occurs in 40–55% of patients undergoing surgery for repair of acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD). Few studies have investigated the association of postoperative AKI with kidney dysfunction seen long-term in patients after surgical repair for ATAAD. The aim of our study was to identify the risk factors of developing post-ATAAD repair chronic kidney disease (CKD) at 6 months.Methods We retrospectively reviewed a contemporary cohort of all patients who underwent surgery for ATAAD repair from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2021 at Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital affiliated with Xiamen University.Results Of the 255 included patients, frequency of ATAAD AKI was 112/255 (56.1%). Renal malperfusion (OR 2.175, p = 0.00591), intraoperative urine output (OR 0.75/ 1 ml/kg/h, p < 0.001) and intraoperative RBC transfusion (OR 1.27(/ 1 U, p = 0.00613) were significantly associated with early post ATAAD repair AKI. AKI was independently associated with postoperative adverse composite outcome(OR 3.496, 95% CI 1.955 ~ 6.379). CKD data was non-missing for 87% of participants, among the 232 patients included, 40 of 232 (17.2%) had post-operative CKD. The independent predictors of CKD at 6 mouths were body mass index (OR = 0.827, 95% CI: 0.723 ~ 0.931), cardiac tamponade (OR = 5.344, 95% CI:1.65 ~ 17.958), eGFR baseline < 60mL/min/BSA (OR = 12.629, 95% CI:5.003 ~ 35.373), time to peak SCr > 3 days after surgical repair (OR = 7.566, 95% CI: 2.799 ~ 22.731), and a graded effect of AKI [stage 1 (OR = 4.418, 95% CI: 1.339 ~ 15.361), stage 2 (OR = 8.345, 95% CI: 1.762 ~ 40.499) and stage 3 (OR = 9.463, 95% CI: 2.602 ~ 37.693)].Conclusions The peri-operative period has a major impact on CKD incidence. Both duration and severity of AKI provide prognostic value to predict the development of CKD.
Exercise Training Improves Blood Pressure Reactivity to Stress: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Mariano Igor Moraes , Amaral Ana Luiza , Ribeiro Paula Aver Bretanha , Puga Guilherme Morais
Published: April 2023

Blood pressure (BP) reactivity to stress is associated with cardiovascular events and the incidence of hypertension, therefore, tolerance to stressors is important for better management of cardiovascular risks. Exercise training is among the strategies that have been investigated as blunting the peak response to stressors, however, its efficacy is poorly explored. The aim was to explore the effects of exercise training (at least four weeks) on BP responses to stressor tasks in adults. A systematic review was performed in five electronic databases (MEDLINE, LILACS, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, and PsycInfo). Twenty-three studies and two conference abstracts were included in the qualitative analysis, totaling 1157 individuals, and k = 17 and 695 individuals in the meta-analysis. Favorable results (random-effects) for exercise training were found, with attenuated hypertensive peaks in systolic (SMD = -0.34 [-0.56; -0.11], representing average reductions of 2.5 ± 3.6 mmHg) and null effects on diastolic BP (SMD = -0.20 [-0.54; 0.14], representing average reductions of 2.0 ± 3.5 mmHg). The analysis removing outliers’ studies improved the effects for diastolic (SMD= -0.21 [-0.38; -0.05]) but not systolic BP (SMD = -0.33[-0.53; -0.13]). In conclusion, exercise training seems to lower stress-related BP reactivity, therefore has the potential to improve patients’ ability to better respond to stressful situations.
The Relationship between Spiritual Intelligence and Attitudes toward Spirituality and Spiritual Care of Nurses: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Abbasi Korosh , Alavi Azam
Published: April 2023

The Relationship between Spiritual Intelligence and Attitudes toward Spirituality and Spiritual Care of Nurses: a cross-sectional study Background: The present study was conducted to determine the relationship between spiritual intelligence and attitudes toward spirituality and spiritual care of nurses. Methods: This correlational, cross-sectional study was carried out on 193 nurses (in Iran) that selected using census sampling method. Data were collected using spiritual intelligence self-report inventory (SISRI) designed by King (2008) and spirituality and spiritual care rating scale (SSCRS) developed by Mc Sherry et al., (2002). Then, data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistical tests in SPSS software (ver. 16, Chicago, IL, USA). Results: The results showed that mean ± SD of nurses' spiritual intelligence score (45.83 ± 61.14) was above average and mean score of spirituality and spiritual care (61.45 ± 30.12) was at moderate level. A positive and significant relationship was found between mean spiritual intelligence score and nurses' attitude towards spirituality and spiritual care (r = 0.764, and p < 0.001). According to the results of the regression analysis of the four dimensions of spiritual intelligence, transcendental awareness (beta = 0.471) followed by critical existential thinking (beta = 0.371) were the most important predictors. Conclusion: According to the research results, there was a significant and positive relationship between spiritual intelligence and attitudes toward spirituality and spiritual care. Therefore, it is necessary to include the training of spiritual intelligence in the nursing curriculum and fostering spiritual awareness and existential awareness through methods such as case studies and workshops should be considered as in-service nursing education.
Sleep Traits and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Two-sample Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Fu Hao , Liu Li , Zhang Yuebing , Guo Xujia , Yu Hao , Qian Liju
Published: April 2023

Purpose: The correlation between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and sleep has been found in previous observational research. Whether these relationships are causal or not is still unclear. This study employing two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) attempted to research the causal relationship between ASD and sleep.
Methods: GWAS results were obtained for traits of sleep from the UK Biobank, consisting of Insomnia, Daytime sleepiness, and Sleep duration. The sleep duration data was split into two datasets: short sleep duration and long sleep duration.The GWAS result for ASD from Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC). For the primary method of this MR analysis, inverse-variance weighting (IVW) was used.
Results: Long sleep duration (sleep duration ≥ 9 hours) was nominally connected with an enhanced likelihood of autistic spectrum disorder (OR = 24.018; 95%CI 1.830-315.096; P = 0.016), no reverse causality existing (OR = 0.996; 95%CI 0.971-1.021; P = 0.762). Our results showed no causal relationship between daytime sleepiness, insomnia, sleep duration, sleep duration < 7 hours, and autism spectrum disorders.
Conclusion: This study suggested evidence for an adverse effect of long sleep duration on ASD risk. Improving sleep problems could alleviate the occurrence of autism spectrum disorders.
Identification of resistance to black spot disease and potential defense mechanisms in Chrysanthemum-related genera
Authors: Zhan Qingling , Li Wenjie , Liu Ye , Zhao Shuang , Chen Sumei , Fang Weimin , Chen Fadi , Guan Zhiyong
Published: April 2023

Chrysanthemum black spot disease caused by Alternaria alternate infestation is a widespread and extremely destructive foliar disease of chrysanthemums. Therefore, it is necessary to breeding germplasm resources of disease-resistant chrysanthemum to deal with this problem, and the identification of the disease-resistant chrysanthemum-related genera is of great significance to improve the targeted traits of chrysanthemums. This study was aimed at evaluating the disease resistance of chrysanthemum-related genera by using two different artificial inoculation methods and through the analysis of the physical and chemical defense mechanisms of plants. Here, according to the disease index, we divided 14 germplasms into three grades: 2 disease-resistant germplasms, 11 moderately sensitive germplasms, and 1 sensitive germplasm. We found that the trichomes density and wax content on the leaf surface of the disease-resistant germplasms were significantly higher than those of the sensitive germplasm, while the stomatal aperture and size of the resistant material were smaller than that of the sensitive germplasm. In addition, we found that the leaf extract of the disease-resistant germplasm effectively inhibited the growth rate of A. alternate mycelium on the plate, and GC-MS components found that the leaves of resistant germplasm contained more volatile antifungal organic compounds, of which falcarinoland Germacrene D might play an important role in resistance to chrysanthemum black spot disease. In summary, the physiochemical defense mechanisms explored in this study provided a reference for resolving disease resistance in chrysanthemums, and the resistant germplasm identified can be used as parents for hybrid breeding or grafting rootstocks for improved resistance in chrysanthemums.
Development of a risk assessment model for predicting red blood cell transfusion in neonatal patients
Authors: Zhao Hongyan , Cheng Hui , Huang Maowen , Fang Yang , Mei Fangchao
Published: April 2023

OBJECTIVE: To develop a risk assessment model for predicting red blood cell (RBC) transfusion in neonatal patients to assist hospital blood supply departments in providing small portions of RBCs to those requiring RBC transfusion on time.
METHODS: Clinical information was collected from 1201 children admitted to the neonatal unit. Clinical factors associated with predicting RBC transfusion were screened, and prediction models were developed using stepwise and multifactorial logistic regression analyses, followed by the evaluation of prediction models using receiver operating characteristic curves, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA).
RESULTS: Overall, 81 neonatal patients were transfused with RBCs, and the variables of gestational age at birth, age <1 month, receipt of mechanical ventilation, and infant anaemia were included in the final prediction model. The area under the curve of the prediction model was 0.936 (0.921–0.949), which was significantly higher than that of the individual indicators of gestational age at birth, age at admission <1 month, receipt of mechanical ventilation, and infant anaemia (P<0.001). DCA showed a standardised net benefit for the possible risk of infant RBC transfusion at 0.1–1.0.
CONCLUSION: We developed a risk assessment model to predict the risk of RBC transfusion in neonatal patients that can effectively assess the risk of RBC transfusion in children.
Degree of Phosphorus Saturation as Environmental Threshold for Acidic Soils of Eastern India
Authors: Saha Subhadip , Pal Susanta Kumar
Published: April 2023

An indicator is essential to predict the potential for phosphorus (P) movement from a nonpoint soil source to surface water bodies, causing environmental pollution. The present study was undertaken with terai and lateritic acidic soils of eastern India to estimate their environmental threshold degree of P saturation (DPS) values as an indicator of the potential risk for P loss. Comparisons of DPS with soil-test P and water-soluble P suggested that DPS could be a useful environmental indicator. The change point DPS with Bray-1 extractant were 17.8 and 19.8% and with Mehlich-1extractant were 16.9 and 18.3% for terai and lateritic soils, respectively. The water-soluble P at those corresponding change points were 2.94 and 3.42 mg kg-1 with Bray-1 and 2.83 and 3.34 mg kg-1 with the Mehlich-1 method for terai and lateritic soil, respectively. The relationship between DPS (%) estimated with Bray-1 extractant (DPSB-1) and Bray-1P (mg kg-1) revealed that agronomic optimum values of Bray-1 P could not indicate the environmental risk. Therefore, considering the change points, confidence intervals and agronomic soil test values, we can recommend replacing Bray-1P with three categories of DPSB-1: <20%, 20-40% and >40% as safe, warrant and critical levels of P loss from Indian soils, respectively.
Development and characterization of a fecal-induced peritonitis model of murine sepsis: results from a multi-laboratory study and iterative modification of experimental conditions
Authors: Sharma Neha , Chwastek Damian , Dwivedi Dhruva J. , Schlechte Jared , Yu Ian-Ling , McDonald Braedon , Arora Jaskirat , Cani Erblin , Eng Mikaela , Engleberts Doreen , Kuhar Eva , Medeiros Sarah K. , Bourque Stephane L. , Cepinskas Gediminas , Gill Sean E. , Jahandideh Forough , Macala Kimberly F. , Panahi Sareh , Pape Cynthia , Sontag David , Sunohara-Neilson Janet , Fergusson Dean A. , Fox-Robichaud Alison E. , Liaw Patricia C. , Lalu Manoj M. , Mendelson Asher A.
Published: April 2023

Background: Preclinical sepsis models have been criticized for their inability to recapitulate human sepsis and suffer from methodological shortcomings that limit external validity and reproducibility. The National Preclinical Sepsis Platform (NPSP) is a consortium of basic science researchers, veterinarians, and stakeholders in Canada undertaking standardized multi-laboratory sepsis research to increase the efficacy and efficiency of bench-to-bedside translation. In this study, we aimed to develop and characterize a 72-hour fecal-induced peritonitis (FIP) model of murine sepsis conducted in two independent laboratories. The experimental protocol was optimized by sequentially modifying dose of fecal slurry and timing of antibiotics in an iterative fashion, and then repeating the experimental series at site 1 and site 2.
Results: Escalating doses of fecal slurry (0.5 to 2.5 mg/g) resulted in increased disease severity, as assessed by the modified Murine Sepsis Score (MSS), with either minimal (< 20%) or severe (> 60%) mortality outcomes. However, the MSS was a poor predictor of progression to death during the experiments, and mice were found dead without elevated MSS scores. Administration of antibiotics within 4 hours of inoculation rescued the animals from sepsis, as evidenced by 100% survival and reduced bacterial load in peritoneum and blood, compared with late administration of antibiotics after 12 hours. Site 1 and site 2 had statistically significant differences in mortality (60% vs 88%; p < 0.05) for the same dose of fecal slurry (0.75 mg/g) and marked difference in temperature between groups. Microbiome analysis between two batches of fecal slurry revealed differences in beta-diversity and differential abundance analysis, which correlated with differences in mortality in two separate experimental series.
Conclusions: We demonstrate a systematic approach to optimizing a 72-hour FIP model of murine sepsis for use in multi-laboratory studies. Alterations to experimental conditions, such as dose of fecal slurry and timing of antibiotics, have clear impact on outcomes. Differences in mortality between sites despite rigorous standardization warrants further investigations to better understand inter-laboratory variation and methodological design in preclinical studies. The use of surrogate mortality endpoints in preclinical sepsis models may introduce bias in evaluation and analysis of outcomes.
Chinese medical named entity recognition of long text based on deep learning
Authors: Feng Zhang
Published: April 2023

In the era of information technology, the electronic medical system generates vast and diverse data on a daily basis. Maximizing the utilization of this data will have a profound impact on clinical decision-making and public health. Currently, named entity recognition technology has reached maturity in the field of English. However, due to the scarcity of corpus and the complexity of semantic boundary recognition, Chinese named entity recognition remains an area that warrants further research efforts. Based on the classical model of ALBERT-BiLSTM-Self-Attention-CRF, we propose a named entity recognition model named DWI-Pos which integrates the Pos (position information) of entity words and the features of POS (part of speech), and use a DWI (Dynamic Windows Interception mechanism). Subsequently, two comparative experiments were conducted on the BERT-CRF and LSTM-CRF models, and their effectiveness was validated by the results obtained. Furthermore, the entity word position information designed in this study played a significant role in improving the performance of the proposed model. The dataset employed in this study was derived from the sub-tasks of CCKS2019, which includes named entity recognition of Chinese electronic medical records. This task encompasses two sub-tasks, namely medical named entity recognition and medical entity and attribute extraction. The focus of this research was on medical named entity recognition, where the achieved F1 value was 0.95, surpassing the F1 value of the ELMo-ET-CRF model by 0.09.
Experimental investigation of critical heat flux of nucleate pool boiling of water and nanofluid on platinum wire under hypergravity and Earth gravity
Authors: Chen Yafeng , Li Xiaohuan , Fang Xiande , He Zhiqiang , Fang Yuxiang
Published: April 2023

The experimental investigation of the critical heat flux (CHF) of saturated nucleate pool boiling of pure water and water-based Al2O3 nanofluids on the platinum wire with a diameter of 50 µm was conducted under earth gravity and hypergravity. The gravity level ranges from 1 to 3 g, the saturation pressures range from 0.1 to 0.6 MPa, and the Al2O3 concentrations in the nanofluids ranges from 0.001wt% to 0.015wt%. The experimental results show that both pressure and gravity are vital factors enhancing the CHF, with the effect of pressure more pronounced. The mechanisms of CHF enhancement due to pressure increasing is that increasing pressure changes the fluid properties, yielding the synthetical results of activating more nucleate sites and increasing the bubble departure frequency. The reasons for the CHF enhancement by hypergravity may mainly be that the buoyancy force increases with increasing gravity levels, which makes the bubbles more likely to be removed from the surface, and that the formation of large vapor patches covering the heating wire gets harder. Besides, a nanofluid has a stronger enhancement to the pool boiling CHF than the combination of the heating surface coated with the same kind of nanoparticles and the base fluid. The reason may be that the latter mainly relies on the heater surface modification, while the former relies on the nanoparticle suspension in the nanofluid and the interaction between the nanoparticle deposition and the nanoparticle suspension, plus the heater surface modification.
Incompetent lip seal and nail biting as risk factors for malocclusion in Japanese preschool children aged 3–6 years
Authors: Otsugu Masatoshi , Sasaki Yumi , Mikasa Yusuke , Kadono Maika , Sasaki Hidekazu , Kato Takafumi , Nakano Kazuhiko
Published: April 2023

Background Malocclusion is a multifactorial condition associated with genetic and environmental factors. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of occlusal traits, oral habits, and nose and throat conditions by age and to assess the association between malocclusion and its environmental factors in Japanese preschool children.Methods A total of 503 Japanese children (258 boys and 245 girls aged 3–6 years) were recruited. Occlusal traits were assessed visually to record sagittal, vertical, and transverse malocclusion, and space discrepancies. Lip seal was recorded by an examiner, and oral habits (finger sucking, lip sucking or lip biting, nail biting, chin resting on a hand) and nose and throat conditions (tendency for nasal obstruction, allergic rhinitis, palatine tonsil hypertrophy) were assessed by a questionnaire completed by the parents. The prevalence of each item was calculated, and binary logistic regression was used to examine the factors related to malocclusion.Results 62.0% of preschool children in the present study exhibited malocclusion, and 27.8% exhibited incompetent lip seal. Nail biting was the most frequent oral habit with a prevalence of 18.9%. Nasal obstruction was recorded in 30.4% of children. The results of binary logistic regression showed that incompetent lip seal was significantly related to malocclusion, and that nail biting was significantly negatively related.Conclusions Incompetent lip seal is significantly associated with malocclusion, but nail biting may not necessarily be a deleterious habit for the occlusion in Japanese preschool children.