bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BPMF: A Backprojection and Matched-Filtering Workflow for Automated Earthquake Detection and Location
Authors: Beaucé Eric , Frank William B. , Seydoux Léonard , Poli Piero , Groebner Nathan , van der Hilst Robert D. , Campillo Michel
Published: December 2023

We introduce BPMF (backprojection and matched filtering)—a complete and fully automated workflow designed for earthquake detection and location, and distributed in a Python package. This workflow enables the creation of comprehensive earthquake catalogs with low magnitudes of completeness using no or little prior knowledge of the study region. BPMF uses the seismic wavefield backprojection method to construct an initial earthquake catalog that is then densified with matched filtering. BPMF integrates recent machine learning tools to complement physics-based techniques, and improve the detection and location of earthquakes. In particular, BPMF offers a flexible framework in which machine learning detectors and backprojection can be harmoniously combined, effectively transforming single-station detectors into multistation detectors. The modularity of BPMF grants users the ability to control the contribution of machine learning tools within the workflow. The computation-intensive tasks (backprojection and matched filtering) are executed with C and CUDA-C routines wrapped in Python code. This leveraging of low-level, fast programming languages and graphic processing unit acceleration enables BPMF to efficiently handle large datasets. Here, we first summarize the methodology and describe the application programming interface. We then illustrate BPMF’s capabilities to characterize microseismicity with a 10 yr long application in the Ridgecrest, California area. Finally, we discuss the workflow’s runtime scaling with numerical resources and its versatility across various tectonic environments and different problems.
Seismotectonics of the Querétaro Region (Central Mexico) and the 1934 MI 4.8 Earthquake North of Celaya
Authors: Suter Max , Morelos-Rodríguez Lucero
Published: December 2023

The Querétaro region (central Mexico) is located in the trans-Mexican volcanic belt, an active volcanic arc related to the subduction of oceanic plates along the Pacific margin of Mexico. It is characterized by north–south-striking normal faults of the southern Basin and Range Province, up to 40 km long and with morphologically pronounced scarps, such as the San Miguel de Allende fault and the faults forming the Querétaro graben. These faults are located directly north of a major regional-scale system of east–west striking, seismically active intra-arc normal faults that are oriented parallel to the axis of the volcanic arc. Where the two orthogonal normal fault systems interfere, the outcrop-scale observations show that the east–west intra-arc fault system overprints the Basin and Range Province structures. Here we document a 1934 earthquake in a region previously not known for seismic activity. Our study is mostly based on an unpublished contemporary dossier preserved at Archivo Histórico del Instituto de Geología de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, a recently inventoried archive that also preserves several unpublished macroseismic and instrumental studies of major Mexican subduction zone earthquakes between 1911 and 1954. A mainshock–aftershock sequence that initiated 14 July 1934 is documented by instrumental recordings at the Tacubaya observatory and by macroseismic observations at ten population centers, ranging in intensity between five and seven on the modified Mercalli scale. Based on the size of the damage area, the intensity magnitude of the mainshock is estimated at 4.8 ± 0.5. Based on the intensity distribution, the epicenter was located in the Laja River valley north-northeast of the town of Celaya, in the south-southwestern extrapolated continuation of the San Miguel de Allende normal fault scarp, which suggests that this fault extends to the epicentral region of the 1934 earthquake and is characterized by recurrent Quaternary tectonic activity.
A Hybrid DWT-SVD Based Adaptive Image Watermarking Scheme
Authors: Gaur Sachin , Tripathi Navneet , Pandey Jyoti
Published: December 2023

In the digital age, protecting the ownership and data veracity of digital documents is a major challenge. To address the issues concerning copyright protection and data verification of digital media, digital watermarking has emerged as a solution. In this paper, we aspire to make a modest contribution to this emerging and exciting field by presenting our proposed adaptive hybrid image watermarking approach that combines Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and Singular Value Decomposition (SVD). Our method involves applying DWT to both the host image and watermark, followed by singular decomposition using SVD on the Low-Low (LL) component of both images. Now modify the singular values of the host image by the singular values of the watermark, and then inverse SVD is applied, followed by inverse DWT, to obtain the watermarked image. After that, the reverse process is applied to obtain the watermark image. Finally, we evaluate our approach’s performance by measuring the Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) between the original and watermarked image as well as the Normalized Cross-Correlation (NCC) between the original and extracted watermark. Simulation results indicate that the proposed method is rich in terms of robustness, imperceptibility and capacity than the previously presented schemes.
Aesthetic rehabilitation of severely proclined maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth with spacing using metal free restoration - A simple and structured case report
Authors: Reddy Dendi Archita , Reddy K. Mahendr Anadh
Published: December 2023

This case report illustrates the simple and structured management of excessive maxillary and mandibular anterior proclination along with spacing.

Excessive anterior proclination can be managed by simple alveoloplasty and prosthetic rehabilitation instead of sophisticated and technique-sensitive treatment procedures.

This is a case report of a 40-year-old female patient with excessive anterior proclination with spacing. The periodontal condition was also poor. In such circumstances, the complicated surgical procedure was the option but still, the problem can’t be tackled. Therefore, the only no-sweat procedures were extraction and Dean’s alveoloplasty, which was carried out to remove the maxillary and mandibular excess followed by prosthetic rehabilitation with metal-free restoration.

Metal-free restorations are the best option for situations where the aesthetic concern is very high and also Dean’s alveoloplasty procedure enhanced the positive outcome of the treatment.

Anterior proclination is the most common aesthetic concern and the situation becomes more complicated if the periodontal condition is poor. This case report elucidates how to deal with such difficult situations in simple treatment procedures.
About Lie algebra classification, conservation laws, and invariant solutions for the relativistic fluid sphere equation
Authors: Acevedo-Agudelo Yeisson , Londoño-Duque Oscar , García-Hernández Danilo , Loaiza-Ossa Gabriel
Published: December 2023

The optimal generating operators for the relativistic fluid sphere equation have been derived. We have characterized all invariant solutions of this equation using these operators. Furthermore, we have introduced variational symmetries and their corresponding conservation laws, employing both Noether's theorem and Ibragimov's method. Finally, we have classified the Lie algebra associated with the given equation.
Optimization of culture conditions for the production, antifungal activity and characterization of secondary metabolites of Trichoderma longibrachiatum
Authors: Priya R. , Balachander S. , Prabhakaran N.
Published: December 2023

The present study was intended to optimize the culture conditions for secondary metabolite production by endophytic fungi. Based on the morphology and phylogeny, the fungus was identified as Trichoderma longibrachiatum isolated from brinjal leaf based on morphological characterization. The antifungal activity was evaluated against phytopathogens such as Macrophomina phaseolina, Phytopthora infestans, Colletotrichum falcatum and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides through the overlapping method, culture filtrate and organic fraction from Potato dextrose both as a growth medium. The organic fraction exhibited a significant antifungal activity, while modifications in medium composition may possess a major impact on the quantity and quality of secondary metabolites production. To achieve maximum metabolite production, the growth of the culture was optimized with screening of basal media, carbon, nitrogen, pH, trace elements and incubation period. The final optimized fermentation conditions were Minimal ereavis broth as basal media; glucose and sucrose as carbon source; Peptone and Yeast extract as nitrogen source, sodium nitrate as precursor; pH as 6; and incubation period as 7 days at 28°C. This optimization resulted in antifungal activity of 47.19-60.67% against M. phaseolina, P. infestans, C. falcatum, and C. gloeosporioides which was higher than that before optimization (43.80%). GCMS revealed distinct metabolites of T. longibrachiatum, comprising antifungal metabolites and molecules with additional bioactivities. These results strengthen ongoing research on disease control in agriculture by emphasizing the biocontrol potential of T. longibrachiatum isolated from brinjal phyllosphere against plant pathogenic fungi.
Nieskończony potencjał jednej substancji: Historia tamoksyfenu jako przykład repozycjonowania leków
Authors: Spławska Kalina , Wilanowski Tomasz
Published: December 2023

Znane od dawna, dobrze przebadane substancje wciąż znajdują nowe zastosowania w nauce, medycynie i przemyśle. Jest to popularna i opłacalna strategia, ponieważ podczas poszukiwania nowych zastosowań zazwyczaj dysponuje się już informacjami na temat skutecznych metod produkcji związku na dużą skalę i jego aktywności farmakologicznej oraz wynikami badań farmakokinetycznych i toksykologicznych. Przykładem takiego związku jest tamoksyfen – znany głównie jako lek stosowany w terapii nowotworów piersi zależnych od receptorów estrogenowych. Pomimo odkrycia tej skutecznej i dochodowej właściwości wiele lat temu oraz stałego rozbudowywania pokrewnych jej zastosowań i bezpośrednio wynikających z nich patentów, nadal pojawiają się całkiem nowe sposoby wykorzystania tamoksyfenu i jego pochodnych w różnych dziedzinach, a liczba patentów dotyczących nowatorskich zastosowań, niezwiązanych z nowotworem piersi utrzymuje się na wysokim poziomie. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest zobrazowanie repozycjonowania leków na przykładzie rosnącej liczby zastosowań tamoksyfenu oraz przybliżenie nadal rozwijającej się historii związanych z nim odkryć szerszemu gronu odbiorców.
Immunization of BALB/c Mice with Killed Tachyzoites of Toxoplasma gondii against Acute Toxoplasmosis
Authors: Guo Hai-Ting , Tan Jie , He Yu-Lin , Li Xia , Liang Xue , Li Zhong-Yuan
Published: December 2023

Background: Toxoplasma gondii with widespread distribution infects over one third of human populations in the world and can cause serious life-threatening diseases especially for the immunodeficient patients in acute toxoplasmosis. As the clinical pharmaceutical drugs with severe side effects for treatment and non-ideal extant vaccines for prevention, more work starves to be done for keeping advantages in the athletics.
Methods: Aluminum adjuvant and hybrid formaldehyde-killed tachyzoites of T. gondii RH and GT1 isolates were prepared to intramuscularly immunize BALB/c mice for five times at 0, 3, 7, 14 and 21 days post first injection. The triggered humoral and cellular immune responses at two weeks post the last immunization and the survival times of infected mice were examined for the hybrid immunization scheme judgement.
Results: The anti-RH and anti-GT1 specific antibodies were both increased at one week prior to challenge (P < 0.05), and the survival times of immunized mice (7.33 ± 0.71 d for RH, 7.22 ± 0.97 d for GT1) against acute toxoplasmosis were significantly prolonged by the immunizations performed in the study compared to blank control (6.67 ± 0.50 d for RH, 6.33 ± 0.71 d for GT1; P < 0.05), with the higher IFN-γ, IL-2 and IL-12p70 in sera, the elevated CD3e+CD4+ T and CD3e+CD8a+ T cells, and the enhanced lymphocyte proliferation in spleen (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: The hybrid killed tachyzoites with aluminum adjuvant induced humoral and cellular immune responses of mice, and offered mildly protective efficacy against acute toxoplasmosis.
Induction of Artesunate Resistance in Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 Strain Using Intermittent Exposure Method and Comparing P.fk13 Sequence between Susceptible and Resistant Strains
Authors: Barati Sahar , Haghi Afsaneh Motevalli , Nateghpour Mehdi , Zamani Zahra , Khodaveisi Sadegh , Etemadi Soudabeh
Published: December 2023

Background: Resistance to artemisinin has threatened major achievements in malaria control, more investigations is needed about resistant strains and related genes. We aimed to induce resistance to artesunate in the Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 strain using intermittent exposure method and comparing P.fk13 gene sequence between susceptible and resistance strains.
Methods: P. falciparum 3D7 strain was cultured according to Trager & Jensen method with some modifications. Serial concentrations between 10-2 mol/l, to 10-7mol/l were prepared, then P. falciparum 3D7 was exposed to each of the dilution to determine IC50 and lethal dose. Sensitivity reduction process was started from the concentration of 10-7mol/l and ended at 10-2mol/l. Exposed parasites were collected after at least 27 days after cultivation in each drug concentration. DNA extraction, PCR and sequencing process were performed to investigate any possible mutations in the P.fk13 gene sequence.
Results: Effectiveness of 10-2mol/l concentration of artemisinin was found as a lethal dose. IC50 value was equal to 5˟10-4 mol/l. The resistant strain was provided in the lab, sequenced and registered in the gene bank as P.f Art -2, (accession number MH796123. 1). Alignment of this registered sample showed no mutation in P.f kelch13 gene in comparison with standard strain submitted in the GenBank.
Conclusion: Resistance to artesunate in malaria parasite may occur but with no mutation in the P.f kelch13 gene. Therefore, whole genome sequencing should be applied to determine mutations in resistant strains.
In Vitro Activity of Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles via Thymus Vulgaris Extract against Leishmania major
Authors: Zaki Leila , Mohammadi Mohsen , Karimipoursaryazdi Amir , Baghkhani Farzaneh , Badri Milad , Ghaffarifar Fatemeh
Published: December 2023

Background: We aimed to assess the in vitro effects of the green synthesized silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) via Thymus vulgaris (thyme) against Leishmania major infection.  
Methods: We have prepared T. vulgalis silver nanoparticles (TSNPs) by adding thyme extract to the silver nitrate aqueous solution (0.2 mM), and evaluated their antileishmanial activity. The viability of L. major promastigotes was assessed in the presence of various concentrations of TSNPs by direct counting after 24 h. The MTT assay was used to identify the viability of promastigotes. The same procedures were assessed in uninfected macrophage cells. The apoptotic effects of nanoparticles on L. major promastigotes were determined by flow cytometry assay using annexin staining. To evaluate anti-amastigotes activity of TSNPs, light microscopic observation was used to determine the number of parasites within the macrophages in each well.
 Results: The effect of TSNPs on promastigotes and amastigotes of L. major was effective and had a reverse relationship with its concentration. TSNPs, inhibited the growth rate of L. major amastigotes and, the IC50 value of these nanoparticles was estimated 3.02 µg/mL (28 µM) after 72h. The results of flow cytometry showed that the toxic effects of TSNPs on promastigotes after 24 hours were statistically significant (P<0.05) and showed 69.51% of apoptosis.
Conclusion: TSNPs had an inhibitor effect on promastigote and amastigote forms of L. major in vitro. It might be considered as a candidate for the treatment of this infection.
The Therapeutic Efficacy of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Acute Toxoplasmosis in BALB/c Mice
Authors: Siahkal Kiana Rafei , Keshavarz Hossein , Shojaee Saeedeh , Mohebali Mehdi , Zeraati Hojjat , Azami Sanaz Jafarpour , Behkar Atefeh , Salimi Mahboobeh
Published: December 2023

Background: Toxoplasma gondii infects nearly one-third of the world's population. Due to the significant side effects of current treatment options, identifying safe and effective therapies seems crucial. Nanoparticles (NPs) are new promising compounds in treating pathogenic organisms. Currently, no research has investigated the effects of zinc oxide NPs (ZnO-NPs) on Toxoplasma parasite. We aimed to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of ZnO-NPs against tachyzoite forms of T. gondii, RH strain in BALB/c mice.
Methods: In an experiment with 35 female BALB/c mice infected with T. gondii tachyzoites, colloidal ZnO-NPs at concentrations of 10, 20, and 50 ppm, as well as a 50 ppm ZnO solution and a control group, were orally administered four hours after inoculation and continued daily until the mices’ death. Survival rates were calculated and tachyzoite counts were evaluated in the peritoneal fluids of infected mice.
Results: The administration of ZnO-NPs resulted in the reduction of tachyzoite counts in infected mice compared to both the ZnO-treated and control group (P<0.001). Intervention with ZnO-NPs significantly increased the survival time compared to the control group (6.2±0.28 days, P-value <0.05), additionally, the highest dose of ZnO-NPs (50 ppm) showed the highest mice survival time (8.7±0.42 days).
Conclusion: ZnO-NPs were effective in decreasing the number of tachyzoites and increasing mice survival time in vivo. Moreover, there were no significant differences in survival time between the untreated control group and the group treated with zinc oxide, suggesting that, bulk ZnO is not significantly effective in comparison with ZnO-NPs.
Molecular Characterization of Liver Fluke Isolated from Sheep, Goat and Cattle in Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Authors: Othman Vilya Shwan , Hama Abdullah Ahmed , Zorab Rostam Hama , Dalimi Abdolhossein
Published: December 2023

Background: We aimed to determine species of liver fluke that predominately cause fascioliasis in sheep, goats, and cattle in the Sulaymaniyah Province, Iraq using the molecular technique of DNA sequencing and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP).
Methods: The samples were collected from November 2021 to May 2022. The flukes were collected from infected livers of livestock at the slaughterhouse of Sulaymaniyah Governorate, Iraq. A total of 205 flukes were collected from 56 hosts, cattle (n=22), sheep (n=28), and goats (n=6). The specific primers for FCOX1 and 28S rDNA gene amplification were used. The PCR products were subjected to restriction fragment polymorphism (RFLP) assay using Hpy188III and Dra II restriction enzymes, besides DNA sequencing.
Results: The results showed the genetic polymorphisms among the flukes. Three patterns of RFLP were observed Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, and F. intermediate, where 28 of them displayed F. hepatica (sheep, n=14, goat, n=3 and cattle, n= 11), whereas 24 samples displayed the F. gigantica (sheep, n=12, goat, n=3 and cattle, n= 9), and only four samples belonged to F. intermediate (sheep n=3 and cattle, n=1). In addition, the result of the ribosomal DNA (28S rDNA) sequencing confirmed that the isolated flukes belonged to F. hepatica, F. gigantica and F. intermediate.
Conclusion: All three main species are present in the study area and F. hepatica predominated among the animal species in this area also, our results concluded that PCR-RFLP is a rapid and reliable method for liver fluke species identification.
A Case of Acute Pancreatitis in Organophosphate Poisoning
Authors:   Department of Medicine, Manish Chaudhary Anoop ,   Dr Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India
Published: December 2023

Organophosphate (OP) poisoning is one of the most harmful and easily accessible pesticides for suicide poisoning. It is linked to high mortality and morbidity. Cholinergic syndrome, intermediate syndrome, and syndrome of delayed polyneuropathy are the three primary syndromes that characterize OP poisoning. Organophosphates are strong toxins that are frequently used as pesticides in agriculture. Patients who have consumed organophosphorus may exhibit subclinical symptoms of acute pancreatitis. Correct biochemical analysis and clinical correlation assist in diagnosis. In the study, we described a 24-year-old female who suffered necrotizing pancreatitis after OP poisoning. Keywords: Organophosphate Poisoning, Pesticide, Pancreatitis.
El uso de la jurisprudencia de la Corte Constitucional de Colombia por el Tribunal Constitucional peruano: ¿hacia el diálogo judicial?
Authors: Ponce Flores Galimberty R.
Published: December 2023

En un mundo interdependiente, el uso del derecho extranjero por tribunales nacionales o domésticos es una práctica y desafío común. Diversas cortes en todo el orbe utilizan doctrina y jurisprudencia extranjera para fundamentar sus sentencias. En esa perspectiva, este trabajo analiza el uso de las decisiones de la Corte Constitucional de Colombia por el Tribunal Constitucional peruano. En el Perú, el Tribunal Constitucional emplea la jurisprudencia de su par colombiano de dos maneras: (1) uso vinculante: el fallo se remite a una categoría o figura desarrollada por la Corte colombiana y se menciona en la parte resolutiva, es decir, condiciona el sentido de la sentencia y (2) uso incidental: el fallo usa con fines ilustrativos una categoría o figura desarrollada por la Corte colombiana y no se menciona en la parte resolutiva, por consiguiente, no condiciona el sentido de la decisión. Finalmente, a partir de lo anterior, ambas cortes han generado una especie de diálogo en torno a la protección de derechos, debido a que figuras o categorías como el estado de cosas inconstitucional¸ una creación de la Corte colombiana, son empleadas por el tribunal peruano; además, este tribunal usa las decisiones de su par colombiano con mayor frecuencia.
¿Quién juzga? Una aproximación al diseño de los tribunales de decisión constitucional en Suramérica
Authors: Mejía Restrepo Andrés Fernando , Pabón Giraldo Liliana Damaris
Published: December 2023

Uno de los rasgos característicos de los estados democráticos modernos es el control de constitucionalidad normativo. El ejercicio adecuado de la función por parte de los tribunales especializados es esencial para el aseguramiento de la primacía constitucional. Para ello, niveles adecuados de independencia y responsabilidad ante los auditorios resultan imperativos. El artículo detalla la arquitectura institucional de los tribunales de decisión constitucional en Suramérica a partir de métodos de derecho comparado según múltiples variables. Con base en este contraste se sugieren lineamientos generales para el diseño y reforma de estos con el fin de lograr grados óptimos.
Control de constitucionalidad y tiranía de la mayoría: un análisis crítico de la protección judicial de las minorías en los Estados democráticos
Authors: Buriticá-Arango Esteban
Published: December 2023

Un sector influyente de la teoría constitucional ha sostenido tradicionalmente que el control judicial de la ley es legítimo porque protege los derechos de las minorías y grupos marginados contra las decisiones defectuosas o malintencionadas de las mayorías. En este artículo sostengo que en realidad la capacidad de los jueces para proteger a las minorías solo puede justificar el control judicial de la ley cuando se cumplen supuestos normativos y fácticos específicos. Esos supuestos incluyen la existencia de factores que incrementan el compromiso de los jueces con los derechos de las minorías, el peso relativamente bajo de la objeción democrática, y la poca o nula incidencia del control judicial en la capacidad del legislativo para proteger derechos. Como estas condiciones pueden cumplirse solo de manera contingente y su verificación es a menudo compleja, concluyo que el argumento de la protección de las minorías proporciona una justificación limitada y contextual al control judicial de la ley.
receptividade do processo estrutural pelo sistema interamericano de direitos humanos: reflexões a partir do caso do povo indígena xucuru e seus membros vs. Brasil
Authors: Noura Teixeira Carla , Correa Pinto Amanda , Bezerra Ribeiro Marcelo
Published: December 2023

Após as atrocidades cometidas nas duas grandes guerras mundiais, especialmente a segunda, foi preciso erguer-se um Sistema Internacional de Proteção dos Direitos Humanos, a fim de mitigar as bases do nazismo. A internacionalização dos direitos humanos é, assim, um fenômeno recente na história, produto das lutas e conquistas do final do século XX. Nesse cenário, surgiram os chamados sistemas regionais de proteção, dentre eles, o sistema interamericano, que no contexto do constitucionalismo regional transformador legitimou-se como importante instrumento para a proteção dos direitos humanos, com o auxílio da Comissão Americana, da Corte Interamericana e do Processo Interamericano como um todo. A partir destas análises, passa-se a refletir sobre uma nova modalidade de processo, denominada “processo estrutural”. O presente trabalho busca investigar, portanto, se o sistema interamericano é receptivo ao processo estrutural, da análise das regras do processo interamericano e tomando-se como parâmetro o caso do povo indígena Xucuru e seus membros vs Brasil, uma reflexão a partir do recorte psicossocial da geopolítica. Quanto à metodologia, partiu-se da pesquisa teórica com a análise de elementos de empiria, de abordagem qualitativa. A lógica aplicada foi predominantemente a hipotético-dedutiva e os procedimentos de pesquisa foram viabilizados através do levantamento bibliográfico-documental e de estudo de caso.
Palavras-chave: Sistema Internacional de Proteção dos Direitos Humanos. Inter-American System. Ferramentas de proteção; Processo estrutural. Caso do povo Xucuru vs. Brasil.
O trudnościach w recepcji Schellinga – uwagi na marginesie prac Ryszarda Panasiuka
Authors: Miodoński Leon
Published: December 2023

Niniejszy artykuł podejmuje dwie zasadnicze kwestie. Pierwsza to zagadnienie recepcji filozofii Schellinga w Polsce po drugiej wojnie światowej. Druga to pytanie, w jaki sposób należy rozumieć abstrakcje filozoficzne Schellinga. Za podstawę interpretacji przyjęto kontekstualne rozumienie filozofii, na jakim opierał się w swoich badaniach Ryszard Panasiuk. Z tych dwóch założeń podstawowych wynika struktura artykułu: część pierwsza dotyczy sposobu, w jaki ideologia marksistowsko-leninowska, wychodząc z klasowo-dialektycznego i „partyjnego” rozumienia filozofii, uznała idealizm filozoficzny za wroga. Punktem odniesienia będzie koncepcja Georga Lukácsa „Die Zerstörung der Vernunft” oraz wykładnia filozofii Schellinga jako irracjonalizmu. Część druga skupia się na tym, dlaczego zaprzestano badań nad Schellingiem oraz idealizmem po drugiej wojnie światowej, oraz w jakich warunkach i kiedy pojawiły się pierwsze opracowania monograficzne. Część trzecia jest historyczno-krytyczną i kontekstualną interpretacją filozofii przyrody Schellinga. Filozofię Schellinga można rozumieć jako nową antropologię, integralnie łączącą człowieka i przyrodę. W tym sensie jest ona antytezą racjonalistycznego redukcjonizmu.
Comparison of course of infections and antibiotherapy in patients with and without diabetes mellitus – one center experience
Authors: Stec Maria , Suleja Agata , Kuczmik Wiktoria , Mroskowiak Aleksandra , Migacz Maciej , Holecki Michał
Published: December 2023

WSTĘP:

Zakażenia występują u wszystkich pacjentów, w tym także u chorych na cukrzycę (diabetes mellitus – DM), której współwystąpienie może jednak determinować przebieg zakażenia. Celem pracy było porównanie przebiegu i leczenia infekcji u chorych z DM i bez DM.

MATERIAŁ I METODY:

Analizie poddano dokumentację medyczną 180 pacjentów hospitalizowanych w 2021 r. w Klinice Chorób Wewnętrznych, Autoimmunologicznych i Metabolicznych w Katowicach z powodu infekcji. W analizie uwzględniono wiek, płeć, rozpoznanie kliniczne, metodę leczenia DM, antybiotykoterapię i parametry laboratoryjne. Do analizy statystycznej wykorzystano program Statistica.

WYNIKI:

Najczęstszymi przyczynami hospitalizacji w obu grupach były: zapalenie płuc w przebiegu COVID-19 (35,5% DM vs 33,7% bez DM) oraz infekcje dróg moczowych (26,3% DM vs 19,2% bez DM). Istotnie więcej pacjentów bez DM wymagało leczenia z użyciem wielu antybiotyków (69,7% DM vs 89,4% bez DM). Najczęściej stosowanymi antybiotykami były β-laktamy (59,2% DM vs 57,7% bez DM). Śmiertelność wewnątrzszpitalna wyniosła 20% (21% DM vs 19,2% bez DM). Czas hospitalizacji wynosił 1–35 dni, mediana w całej grupie wyniosła 9 dni (10 dni w przypadku DM vs 8 dni bez DM). Analizowano zarówno początkowe, jak i końcowe stężenie CRP. Mediana wartości początkowej wyniosła 71,6 (72,3 DM vs 66,2 bez DM), a mediana wartości końcowej 17,15 (17,9 DM vs 15,3 bez DM). Mediana stężenia glukozy przy przyjęciu wynosiła 123,5 mg/dL (156 mg/dL DM vs 107 mg/dL bez DM).

WNIOSKI:

Wiele powikłań DM jest dobrze znanych, jednak przebieg i leczenie infekcji nie różnią się istotnie u pacjentów z DM i bez DM. Mimo to do każdego pacjenta należy podchodzić indywidualnie, tak aby wybrane leczenie stanowiło zoptymalizowaną terapię.
El Conocimiento Tradicional Ecológico Indígena y su papel en el blindaje de territorios étnicos y en el ordenamiento territorial de Leticia, Amazonas – Colombia
Authors: Pérez Cubillos Camila María
Published: December 2023

El Conocimiento Tradicional Ecológico Indígena se constituye una herramienta de defensa y reivindicación del territorio por parte de las comunidades indígenas que viven en el municipio de Leticia en la amazonia colombiana. Estas acciones de protección son resultado de una serie de tensiones socioambientales relacionadas al ordenamiento territorial de esta zona que ha generado diferentes figuras territoriales y situaciones problemáticas en relación a las actividades productivas y sociales de estas comunidades. La población indígena en mención se compone de los pueblos Ticuna, Cocama, Yagua, y de otros pueblos que se han asentado en las últimas décadas (Muina Murui, Muinane, Bora, Miraña, Andoque y otros) que suman 54 pueblos indígenas en el municipio.

Este manuscrito analiza la situación de la población que habita las áreas suburbanas que poseen pequeñas áreas de resguardo indígena o se encuentran solicitando la declaración de este ante el gobierno nacional. Por su ubicación e historia en este lugar, aquellas familias están siendo cercadas por las áreas de expansión urbana y la superposición de otras figuras territoriales, que generan efectos directos en el espacio disponible para el cultivo tradicional y desarrollo de sus espacios productivos.

La reivindicación del conocimiento tradicional ecológico indígena de estos pueblos se constituye en la base por parte de los lideres indígenas y los conocedores en sus procesos de lucha para el reconocimiento de su territorio y de sus problemáticas ante el gobierno. A su vez desean expresar sus formas de concebir el territorio como un espacio de vida, salud y bienestar que está construido bajo sus prácticas, rituales, ceremonias y maneras de relacionarse con estos ecosistemas. La población indígena ha creado alianzas significativas entre sus organizaciones con el interés de blindar su territorio que significa cambiar la figura de Reserva Forestal de la Amazonia a Resguardo Indígena y para esto hacen uso de la normativa internacional y nacional para así alcanzar sus objetivos y beneficios de los derechos reconocidos en Colombia.
Zinc Solubilizing Rhizobacteria and Fungi: The Potent Contributors to Plant Growth Promotion and Enhancement of Zinc Content in Aloe Gel
Authors: Dey Shinjan , Choudhury Debapriya , Mukherjee Chandrama , Dutta Sikha
Published: December 2023

Background: Zinc solubilizing bacteria and fungi are possible alternatives for zinc supplementation and translate inorganic form of zinc to available forms for the plants. Methods: Two phosphates solubilising bacterial (ABB1, ABB2) and fungal (FSD1, FSD2) strains were initially isolated from the rhizospheric soil of the plant and were tested for their plant growth promoting ability and zinc solubilizing capability. Aloe barbadensis Mill. plants were inoculated with the microbial strains to assess their effects on plant growth and to quantify the zinc content in leaves using atomic absorption spectroscopy. Result: In our experiment, zinc content in the leaves of ZnO+ABB1+FSD2 set was found highest than ZnO treated set. Thus, present study plausibly designates the ability of the Aloe plants for solubilizing zinc only in presence of the rhizospheric microorganisms which indicates the potential of these microbial strains to use as biofertilizers in more sustainable way.
Candidate Gene Analysis of Genetic Resistance to Gastrointestinal Nematodes in Sheep Through Association of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism with Phenotypic Traits
Authors: Selvam R. , Murali N. , Thiruvenkadan A.K. , Ponnudurai G. , Jawahar K. Thilak Pon , Kathiravan P.
Published: December 2023

Background: A study was executed to analyze the genetic resistance to gastrointestinal nematodes through the association of single nucleotide polymorphism markers in Toll-like receptor genes with phenotypic indicator traits in Kilakarsal and Vembur sheep breeds. Methods: The phenotypic traits for analyzing the gastrointestinal nematode infection namely FEC, change in PCV and change in body weight were recorded. The SNP markers in TLR3, TLR5, TLR6, TLR9 and TLR10 genes were employed for genotyping. Competitive allele-specific PCR-based endpoint genotyping was used to type the SNPs. The gene and genotype frequencies were estimated by using the PEAS software program. A complete fixed effects model was utilized for analysis of the association of various genotypes at each SNP with phenotypic indicator traits. Result: The global minor allele frequency of different polymorphic SNP loci ranged from 0.06 to 0.48 with a mean of 0.23, signifying their fitness for the association study. The effect of the farm had no significant influence on FEC and change in body weight, however, had a significant effect on change in PCV (P less than 0.05). No significant difference was detected between the sexes with FEC, change in PCV and change in body weight. The TT genotype in the TLR9_1769_CT locus showed the lowest least-squares mean FEC. The remaining 22 SNP loci showed no significant difference (P greater than 0.05) with mean FEC. Association of 23 TLR SNP genotypes with change in PCV and change in body weight revealed no significant effect (P greater than 0.05).
Development of Mungbean Genotypes for Shattering Tolerance and Correlation Analysis with Biochemical and Morphological Factors Governing Pre Harvest Sprouting
Authors: Mogali Suma , Patil N.K. Biradar , Ranjita H. , Balol Gurupad , Jaggal Lalita
Published: December 2023

Background: Most of the mungbean genotypes are prone to shattering. The indeterminate flowering habit of this crop leads to a spread of flowering and pod maturity on a single plant over the entire reproductive phase. Consequently, pods which develop at the earliest flower may shatter prior to 100% pod maturity. Sometimes losses due to pre-harvest sprouting will be as high as 60-70%. High yielding varieties developed/identified in recent years, despite their high yield potential, could not increase/stabilize the yields of this crop due to lack of resistance to pre-harvest sprouting. Therefore, an attempt was essentially made to develop tolerant varieties to pre-harvest sprouting in the current investigation. Methods: The F2 (Healthy and well dried) seeds derived from the crosses DGGV-2 x Pant Moong-1 were irradiated with 60 kR gamma rays for the creation of desirable variability. The gamma rays irradiated seeds were sown in during kharif-2017 along with their respective checks to grow the F2M1 generation. Further advanced to F2M2. The individual plants were critically observed at maturity for morphological traits viz., small pod beak length and angle, thick pod wall and hard seededness that determine the tolerance to PHS. The mutant lines were compared with the parental lines viz., shattering tolerant variety Pant Moong-1 as well as susceptible variety DGGV2. The putative mutants selected and tagged in F2M2 and the seeds were harvested separately and forwarded to develop the F2M3 mutant population (1000 plants) in summer-2018. The seeds from F2M3 generation were harvested on individual plant basis and were sown. 806 progenies were sown in augmented design along with the checks in each block during kharif 2019. Thus from the population of 24812 such derived plants, genotypes with small pod beak and angle, thick pod wall, hard seededness and higher epicuticular wax and lignin content were isolated in F2M3 and F2M4. Further a total of 49 advanced breeding lines along with a known shattering susceptible check were studied for the morphometric and biochemical parameters governing the pre harvest sprouting. Result: Lower PHS was recorded in DGGV-79 (0.02%), DGGV-125 (0.02%) and DGGV 195 (0.91%). Higher phenol content was recorded in DGGV-125 (9.43 mg GA eq /g) and DGGV-79 (9.37 mg GA eq /g). Higher lignin content was recorded in DGGV-125 (6.42 mg/g) and DGGV-79 (6.10 mg GA eq /g). Further correlation analysis revealed that negative correlation of PHS was observed for epicuticular wax (r= -0.983), phenol (r= -0.892), lignin content (r= -0.981) and hard seed percentage (r= -0.942). Significant negative correlation was observed between PHS and pod wall thickness (r= -0.570). Pod beak length recorded highly significant positive correlation (r= 0.911) to PHS. Genotypes with inherent tolerance to seed shattering hold a promise to minimize yield losses due to viviparous germination.
Productivity and Morpho-phenological Characters of Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] as Influenced by Crop Geometry and Nipping Practice
Authors: Fanish S. Anitta , Shanmugam P.S. , Geetha S.
Published: December 2023

Background: One of the possible agronomic ways for increasing productivity of pigeonpea is adoption of suitable crop geometry with nipping practices for getting suitable crop architecture for optimum utilization of resources. This investigation was planned to study the influence of crop geometry and nipping practices on production potential of pigeonpea. Methods: The field experiment was conducted at experimental farm of the Department of Pulses, TNAU, Coimbatore, during kharif season of 2021 and 2022. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with each four main and sub plot treatments. The main plot treatments comprised of four crop geometries while thesub plot treatments were nipping practices which includes no nipping, mechanical nipping and chemical nipping. Result: Various crop geometries shown remarkable effect on growth and development of pigeonpea. The crop geometry of 90 cm x 30 cm and 90 cm x 45 cm recorded maximum plant height of pigeonpea as compared to other wider crop geometries. While in case of all the other growth attributes viz. number of functional leaves per plant, leaf area, number of branches per plant and dry matter accumulation per plant crop geometry of 120 cm x 45 cm and 120 cm x 30 cm were found superior as compared to othertreatments and were at par with each other. The yield per hectare was increased at wider crop geometry 120 cm 45 cm as the higher per plant yield was compensated by lesser plant population. The crop geometry 120 cm x 45 cm produced significantly higher seed yield (1187, 1275 and 1231 kg ha-1 during 2021, 2022 and pooled mean respectively) over crop geometry of 90 cm x 30 cm and crop geometry 90 cm x 45 cm, but it was found at par with crop geometry 120 cm x 30 cm. Among the nipping practices, growth characters viz., plant height, number of functional leaves, leaf area, number of branches and dry matter accumulation per plant as well as phenological characters were enhanced with the foliar application of chlormequat chloride @500 ppm during both the years of study. Foliar application of chlormequat chloride @ 500 ppm also recorded significantly highest seed yield (1152, 1237and 1195 kg ha-1 during 2021, 2022 and in pooled data, respectively), while it was at par with foliar application of mepiquat chloride @ 500 ppm.
Enhancing Provider Mental Health Screening in Primary Care: A Quality Improvement Project
Authors: D’Amico Lauren N. , Hanania Hannah , Lee Loretta T.
Published: December 2023

Background:Depression and anxiety occur in 7.8% and 19.1% of the US population, respectively. About half of those patients are diagnosed in primary care.Objective:The purpose of this quality improvement project was to improve the screening and diagnosing of anxiety and/or depression among adult patients at a primary care clinic by implementing an evidence-based mental health screening interview technique.Methods:The team implemented a mental health screening interview technique that incorporates background, affect, trouble, handling, and empathy and motivational interviewing techniques in addition to self-report surveys. Pre- and post-intervention surveys were conducted to assess providers’ perceptions of the new interview technique. ICD-10 code data were gathered to assess the effectiveness of the new mental health screening interview technique.Results:The number of documented diagnoses of single-episode major depressive disorder decreased by 18%, recurrent major depressive disorder increased by 34%, and anxiety disorders increased by 3%. There were more favorable provider perceptions of the new screening interview technique versus the traditional screening method.Conclusions:The results show an improvement in provider comfort and providers preferred the new mental health screening when using an evidence-based mental health screening interview technique.Implications for nursing:The results show the potential benefits of using a structured mental health interview with self-report screening tools when diagnosing anxiety and depression in primary care.
Efecto letal y repelente del monoterpeno geraniol sobre ninfas de Triatoma infestans susceptibles y resistentes a deltametrina
Authors: Rodas Carla , Daniele Martin , Difiori Naomi Simon , Marin Gustavo , Schinella Guillermo , Rodríguez-Vivas Roger Iván , Dadé Martín
Published: December 2023

Triatoma infestans es el principal vector del parásito Trypanosoma cruzi, agente etiológico de la enfermedad de Chagas. La herramienta más eficaz para el control de T. infestans es el uso de insecticidas del tipo piretroide. Sin embargo, la presencia de ejemplares de T. infestans resistentes a los piretroides conlleva la necesidad de buscar nuevas alternativas para su control. Los bioinsecticidas se posicionan en la actualidad como una alternativa novedosa, menos agresiva para el ambiente y de menor costo con respecto al uso de los insecticidas sintéticos tradicionales. El geraniol es un monoterpeno que ha demostrado tener actividad insecticida y repelente en insectos. Los objetivos del presente trabajo fueron determinar y comparar la actividad letal y repelente del geraniol solo y en combinación con el insecticida piretroide deltametrina y el repelente de insectos N,N-Dietil-meta-toluamida (DEET). Se demostró que el geraniol tiene una actividad letal similar en ninfas susceptibles y resistentes a piretroides (grado de resistencia de 0,8). Cuando se combinaron los dos insecticidas, el geraniol mostró un efecto sinérgico sobre la letalidad de la deltametrina. En cuanto a la actividad repelente, en bajas concentraciones, el geraniol fue menos potente que el DEET; sin embargo, cuando se combinaron ambas moléculas, la presencia de este monoterpeno aumentó la capacidad de repelencia del DEET al 100 %. Se concluye que el geraniol tiene actividad letal sobre ninfas de T. infestans susceptibles y resistentes a los piretroides, y tiene un efecto sinérgico sobre la letalidad de la deltametrina. Asimismo, el geraniol aumentó la capacidad de repelencia del DEET sobre T. infestans.
Determinantes para el manejo de enfermedades en cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) en el sur de Córdoba, Colombia
Authors: Martínez-Reina Antonio María , Tordecilla-Zumaqué Lilibet , Ballesteros-Leal Henry Andrés , Rodríguez-Pinto María del Valle , Grandett-Martínez Liliana María , Díaz-Cabadíaz Abelardo
Published: December 2023

La región sur de Córdoba desde hace cerca de dos décadas ha incluido el cultivo del cacao dentro de la oferta de productos agrícolas, motivada por la acción de entidades públicas y privadas del sector agropecuario. A pesar de que sus rendimientos están muy cerca del promedio nacional, en los últimos dos años han disminuido a causa de las enfermedades. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo identificar los factores que influyen en la decisión de utilizar tecnologías de manejo de enfermedades. Se aplicó una encuesta a 158 productores seleccionados por el método de muestreo aleatorio simple. Para el análisis se utilizó estadística descriptiva y la formulación de un modelo econométrico logit tipo McFadden de elección discreta. Los resultados muestran que el productor identifica la monilia (Moniliophthora roreri), la escoba de bruja (Moniliophthora perniciosa) y la Phytophthora (Phytophthora sp.) como las principales enfermedades. Las técnicas más usadas son las prácticas de manejo cultural como la recolección manual de frutos afectados y en algunos casos el uso de fungicidas de síntesis química. Se concluye que el nivel tecnológico y la participación en proyectos son los factores que han influido positivamente en la decisión de usar técnicas de manejo de enfermedades; la escolaridad y los años como agricultor ralentizan la voluntad de aplicar técnicas de manejo de enfermedades.
Uso del aplicativo FINCAS para la estimación de la sustentabilidad de sistemas productivos de piña (Ananas comosus L.) en Aguazul (Colombia)
Authors: Sánchez-Rojas Edwin Fernando , Cárdenas-Cárdenas María Alejandra , Ramos-Cruz Martha Lucía
Published: December 2023

Los procesos de transición agroecológica son las estrategias que permitirán garantizar un futuro sustentable para la alimentación humana y las distintas formas de vida sobre la tierra. Esta investigación presenta los resultados del uso del aplicativo FINCAS, una herramienta digital que permite evaluar in situ la sustentabilidad de los agroecosistemas. El software fue utilizado para evaluar el sistema productivo de piña (Ananas comosus L.) en Aguazul (Colombia), con el método de muestreo de bola de nieve. Se estudiaron 32 fincas en total, de las cuales el 46,9 % se encuentra en categorías de sustentabilidad alta; un 40,6 % en transición hacia la sustentabilidad y un 12,5 % en categorías de sustentabilidad baja. Los resultados muestran que las fincas con sustentabilidad baja requieren integrar los sistemas productivos, aumentar la oferta de alimentos producidos en la finca y utilizar los casos de éxito agroindustrial en la cadena productiva de la piña, para introducir formas de aprovechamiento de todos los recursos disponibles que permitan disminuir la dependencia de insumos externos.