bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Кяризы и перспективы их современного использования в Казахстане
Authors:   АО «НК «Қазақстан Ғарыш Сапары», Управление обработки снимков, пр-т Туран, 89, Нур-Султан,  010000, Казахстан, Султанбекова А. К. , Митусов А. В. ,   Казахстанско-немецкий университет, ул. Пушкина, 111, Алматы, 050010, Казахстан, Азами А. ,   Национальный координатор организации «Молодежь Афганистана за воду», Центр водных ресурсов,  Джамал Мина, Кабул, 1001, Афганистан, Сагинтаев Ж. М. ,   Кластер окружающей среды и ресурсосберегающих технологий (EREC), Назарбаев Университет, пр-т   Кабанбай Батыра, 53, Нур-Султан, 010000, Казахстан
Published: November 2021

Кяриз (кариз, канат) – одна из древних систем водоснабжения в засушливых регионах. Главным достоинством кяризов является естественный сбор грунтовых вод, идущих с гор, и транспортировка этой воды к орошаемым полям. Целью данной статьи является внедрение в среду центральноазиатских гидрологов, гидрогеологов и аграриев идеи о возможностях использования технологий и сооружения кяризов в наши дни на примере соседних стран и древнего городища Сауран в Туркестанской области Казахстана. В результате работы по космоснимкам были дешифрированы три кяриза в районе Саурана. На основе цифровой модели рельефа был проведен их геоморфологический анализ в специализированной ГИС «Эко»; рассчитаны значения максимальной площади сбора (МПС) материнского колодца (начало кяриза). В результате выявлено, что сами кяризы расположены в водораздельной области с низкой МПС. Однако материнские колодцы находятся в непосредственной близости от зон с большими значениями МПС. 300 га было достаточно для сбора грунтовых вод, обеспечивавших питание всей ирригационной системы в древности. Современные примеры стран-соседей и археологические объекты на территории Казахстана доказывают возможность применения технологии кяризов в современных условиях. Внедрение данной практики позволит ввести в сельскохозяйственный оборот земли предгорных районов Южного Казахстана и исключить потери воды на испарение при хранении и транспортировке.
Caracterización de poblaciones de chía silvestre y cultivada
Authors: Calderón-Ruíz Alberto , Montes-Hernández Salvador , García-Perea M. Antonio , Covarrubias Prieto Jorge , Aguirre-Mancilla Cesar L. , Raya Pérez Juan Carlos
Published: November 2021

Es un cultivo anual de ambientes templados y semicálidos con suelos arcillosos y arenosos. Existen poblaciones silvestres en México que en tiempos precolombinos permitieron seleccionar plantas con fruto más grande que no dispersara la semilla. Las variedades domesticadas, comparadas con las silvestres, tienen semillas de mayor tamaño, inflorescencia más compacta, cálices cerrados, flor más larga, dominancia apical, uniformidad en los periodos de floración y maduración. La chía contiene entre 9 y 23% de proteína, 26-41% de carbohidratos y de 30 a 33% de aceite, 40% de fibra dietética y calcio y un alto contenido de antioxidantes. Ha adquirido gran importancia porque se considera un alimento funcional. Existe consenso sobre la importancia del estudio y conservación de los recursos fitogenéticos. El objetivo de esta investigación fue caracterizar la diversidad morfológica de 31 genotipos de chía con base en las variaciones identificadas entre poblaciones silvestres y domesticadas. Se observó que la presencia de antocianinas es característica de plantas silvestres, así como la presencia de cáliz abierto, que está relacionado con la dispersión de las semillas; estas fueron más pequeñas y oscuras y sus cálices fueron cortos y se abrieron al madurar. El tamaño de la semilla y el peso de mil semillas están altamente correlacionado con el rendimiento por planta. Las plantas domesticadas presentaron cáliz cerrado, sin coloración por antocianinas, reducción de la pubescencia en la mayor parte de la planta, inflorescencia más grande, mayor número de floretes, mayor peso de semilla, mayor rendimiento. Se caracterizaron y agruparon poblaciones domesticadas, semidomesticadas y silvestres. Las silvestres presentan cáliz abierto. Las semidomesticadas son semejantes a las cultivadas pero presentan cáliz abierto. Las domesticadas tuvieron dominancia apical, mayor tamaño de espiga y cáliz cerrado.
Germinación y vigor de semillas de especies hortícolas inoculadas con biofertilizantes y soluciones salinas
Authors: Ramirez Santiago Ruiz , Sánchez-Lucio Roberto , Zelaya-Molina Lily X. , Chávez-Díaz Ismael Fernando , Cruz-Cárdenas Carlos Iván , Valdivia-Bernal Roberto
Published: November 2021

El presente trabajo de investigación se realizó en Tepatitlán de Morelos, Jalisco, en las instalaciones del Campo Experimental Centro Altos de Jalisco. Se utilizaron semillas de especies hortícolas (chile chilaca, melón y pepino) inoculadas con biofertilizantes (Azospirillum brasilenses y Glomus intraradices) y sometidas a diferentes concentraciones de cloruro de potasio (KCl). El objetivo fue evaluar el efecto de los biofertilizantes y KCl, en la germinación y vigor en semillas de especies hortícolas. Los tratamientos evaluados bajo condiciones de laboratorio fueron mediante la inoculación de biofertilizantes, combinación de biofertilizantes más solución salina en diferentes concentraciones, tratamiento químico y testigo absoluto, lo anterior para observar el efecto fisiológico en las semillas mediante las variables evaluadas: germinación estándar, longitud media de plúmula, vigor y peso seco. La información obtenida de cada una de las variables se analizó mediante un diseño completamente al azar con arreglo factorial y con cuatro repeticiones, siendo la unidad experimental los tacos (sustrato entre papel). Se detectaron diferencias significativas entre tratamientos y variables, esto debido a los resultados por inoculación de biofertilizantes en combinación con las concentraciones salinas, promovieron fisiológicamente las especies hortícolas en estudio siendo tratamientos T7 y T8, con mejor respuesta con respecto al testigo absoluto; es decir, tienen un efecto positivo en germinación y vigor en las especies estudiadas.
Analysis of Groundwater Quality in Jabal Sarage and Charikar Districts, Parwan, Afghanistan
Authors: Rasouli Hafizullah
Published: November 2021

This groundwater research is carried out groundwater quality in Jabal Sarage and Charikar Districts. The main objective of this research is to find out natural causes of drinking water contaminations (toxic elements and components), that are leaching from soluble arrangement of rocks,sediments and soil by surface water at the infiltration time, toward the groundwater. For completion this research I used two categories of water analysis; one is areal analysis, and another is laboratory analysis. In areal analysis ten wells have been recovered by this research in Jabal Sarage and Charikar Distracts, a number of Electro-Conductivity, water temperature,dissolved oxygen in water, Total Dissolved Soled (TDS) and the Resolved Salt in Water (SSW), determination Partible ground at areal complete. For laboratory works I used chemical device of Spectra- photo model. From comparing mean of chemical and physical parameters with standards.pH, K, Na, Mg, Cl, Fe, F, TH, Ca and SO4 all are normal and we can use them for drinking and irrigation waters. The challenges that I faced during this research are; absence of research in this area and lack of geological equipment’s.
Perbandingan Metode Technique For Order By Similarity To Ideal Solution (Topsis) Dan A New Additive Ratio Assessmen (Aras) Dalam Penerapan Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Pada Kl Lazismu
Authors: Brata Syinta , Yudhana Anton , Herman Herman
Published: November 2021

Zakat merupakan kewajiban bagi setiap muslim yang mampu, Bagi Muzzaki, zakat berfungsi sebagai sarana untuk membersihkan dan mensucikan harta serta dapat menumbuhkan rasa kasih sayang dan kepedulian terhadap kaum miskin. Sedangkan bagi Mustahik, zakat dapat melepaskan mereka dari jerat kemiskinan menuju pada kehidupan yang lebih sejahtera. Data Pusat kajian Strategis Badan Amil Zakat menunjukkan serapan zakat di Indonesia masih rendah. Pada 2016, tercatat zakat masuk Rp 5 triliun. Jumlah ini hanya 1 persen dari potensi zakat di Indonesia sebesar Rp 217 triliun. Dari data tersebut dapat diketahui bahwa potensi zakat di Indonesia belum dapat terserap dengan maksimal. Hal ini disebabkan karena kurangnya pengetahuan masyarakat seputar Lembaga Amil Zakat. Menjalin hubungan yang baik dan menciptakan pelayanan yang berkualitas dengan Muzzaki merupakan cara yang ditempuh untuk menarik minat para Muzzaki untuk mempercayakan zakat kepada Lembaga tersebut. Hal tersebut mendorong peneliti membuat Sistem Informasi dan melakukan perbandingan metode yang digunakan dalam penlitian ini agar mengetahui kepuasan Muzzaki terhadap layanan yang diberikan serta melakukan perbandingan metode yaitu TOPSIS dan ARAS. dari kedua metode yang digunakan dalam peneiltian ini memelikiki tingkat kepuasan yang berbeda, metode TOPSIS mendapatkan nilai 1 pada pilihan jawaban sangat puas di informasi zakat dan bangunan, dan nilai 1 pada pilihan puas untuk informasi zakat sedangkan menggunakan metode ARAS mendapatkan nilai 1 pada pilihan sangat puas di informasi zakat dan bangunan dan nilai 1 untuk pilihan Puas pada informasi zakat. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, perhitungan dari kedua metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini mendapatkan hasil yang diharapkankan oleh peneliti dan dapat disimpulkan para Muzzaki puas terhadap layanan yang diberikan oleh pengurus Kantor Layanan Lazismu Gamping serta hal tersebut diharapkan menumbuhkan hubungan baik antara Muzzaki dengan pengurus Kantor layanan Lazismu Gamping sehingga memungkinkan ada Muzzaki baru yang akan menyalurkan zakatnya ke Kantor Layanan Lazismu Gamping.
Performance Panel Surya Saat Gerhana Matahari Cincin Pada Tanggal 26 Desember 2019 Di Kecamatan Larangan Kabupaten Brebes
Authors: Mono Su Dar , Waluyo Joko , Wilopo Wahyu
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this research is to know the performance of PV technology by using PV Solartracker on the eclipse Ring on 26 December 2019 by varying the net and dirty PV using themethod of Penyesuian sun position In one year. The study simulates using a solar panel capacity of3 watts and 6 volts with a lithium battery load capacity of 4000 mAh, the direction of the solarpanel is in the south with a tilt angle 230 in December each Stepnya solar tracker This 3- hourchanging angle 450, 900 and 1150 This research began from the hour 07:00 to 15:00 hours. Theaverage power of the solar power plant was received by 1.08 Watts, 4.24 Volt, 0.25 amper and netPV capacity of 2108 mAh, while with an average power of 0.83 watts, 4.36 volts, 0.19 Amper andgross PV capacity of 1524 mAh.
La mercanzia di Bologna
Authors: Legnani Annichini Alessia
Published: November 2021

In questo volume si ricostruiscono le vicende istituzionali e giurisdizionali della Mercanzia bolognese nei suoi sviluppi quattrocenteschi. Un tribunale speciale "inter e sovra corporativo", avente una competenza ratione materiae nelle sole controversie di ius mercatorum. A tal fine si è provveduto alla trascrizione, secondo i criteri editoriali più consolidati, degli Statuti dell’Universitas mercatorum, campsorum et artificum del 1436. All’edizione dello statuto ha fatto seguito l’analisi delle ulteriori riformagioni che nel corso del secolo intervennero a modificarne parzialmente la disciplina. Alessia Legnani Annichini è ricercatrice in Storia del diritto medioevale e moderno presso la Facoltà di Giurisprudenza dell’Università degli Studi di Bologna, dove è titolare dell’insegnamento di Storia del diritto commerciale nell’ambito del corso di laurea in Operatore Giuridico d’Impresa (sede di Ravenna). Dottore di ricerca, diplomata in Archivistica, Paleografia e Diplomatica, ha pubblicato nel 2005 La giustizia dei mercanti. L’"Universitas mercatorum, campsorum et artificum" di Bologna e i suoi statuti del 1400 , Bononia University Press, Bologna, 2005.
Il diritto alla privacy
Authors: Fioriglio Gianluigi
Published: November 2021

Nell’era di Internet il diritto alla privacy ha un ruolo fondamentale nel proteggere l’uomo dagli indiscreti sguardi della Società dell’informazione. I suoi dati personali possono essere acquisiti e trattati in modo sempre più perfezionato e invasivo grazie ai prodotti della ricerca scientifica e tecnologica, il cui incedere è molto più rapido di quello del diritto, che è oggi caratterizzato da molteplici criticità e dall’avvento di un ciberspazio che annulla le distanze e muta il concetto stesso di tempo. L’individuo, talvolta privo di strumenti giuridici che consentano di tutelare i propri diritti, si trova spesso solo nei meandri di una rete controllata da soggetti pubblici e privati nonchè di un mondo sorvegliato e informatizzato. In questo volume sono analizzate le problematiche che appaiono maggiormente idonee a incidere negativamente sulla riservatezza individuale e collettiva, nell’ottica di una società globale pervasa dalla tecnologia in quasi ogni suo aspetto. Nell’opera si mostra come sia necessario garantire il rispetto del diritto alla riservatezza, sovente proclamato quale diritto fondamentale eppure sempre più soggetto a violazioni in un numero crescente di fattispecie nuove ed estremamente delicate sia dal punto di vista etico che giuridico.
Controlli sul mercato finanziario e responsabilità penale
Authors: Nisco Attilio
Published: November 2021

Scandali finanziari e crisi più e meno recenti pongono un fondamentale interrogativo: a che servono molteplici meccanismi di controllo innanzi ad un ineliminabile rischio di “abusi di mercato” e di frodi nei confronti dei risparmiatori? La risposta del legislatore è rappresentata da un consistente moto di riforme intese a conferire nuovi doveri, poteri e, soprattutto, credibilità ai controlli, interni ed esterni alle società, nonché all’autorità di vigilanza sul mercato. È dato supporre che una simile palingenesi della funzione di controllo non possa non incidere sulla responsabilità penale dei suoi titolari, in particolare, per l’omesso impedimento dei reati commessi dagli organi esecutivi di una società, in danno di un interesse collettivo di recente emersione: il “risparmio”. Questo volume ricostruisce tale problematica, rivisitando temi classici, quali il reato omissivo improprio e la compartecipazione omissiva, alla luce delle questioni sollevate dall’assurgere delle organizzazioni societarie ad apparati procedurali complessi, entro i quali lo schema gerarchico e i tradizionali equilibri di potere subiscono una significativa metamorfosi. L’indagine costituisce occasione di riflessione sul concetto di “posizione di garanzia” e sulle sue possibilità di impiego, a tutela dei risparmiatori, nello scenario organizzativo delineato dal diritto delle società azionarie e del mercato finanziario.
Profili penali dello stress lavoro-correlato
Authors: Curi Francesca
Published: November 2021

La storia del lavoro è sin dalle sue origini intrecciata con la storia della sua liberazione dalla fatica. Il modello tayloristico dell’operaio come “gorilla ammaestrato” ha ceduto il posto, a seguito di un lento processo evolutivo, a un’organizzazione produttiva nella quale, oltre alla salute, viene assicurato anche il “benessere” psico-fisico del lavoratore. In base al d.lgs. n. 81/2008, tra gli obblighi non delegabili del datore di lavoro, rientra la previsione del rischio stress lavoro-correlato. Dilatare la posizione di garanzia fino a farvi rientrare forme di “malessere” che non assurgono al rango di malattia, arrestandosi al livello di un più generico disagio, può alterare la proporzione tra offesa al bene giuridico e mezzi di difesa, con conseguente violazione di alcuni fondamentali principi di ordine costituzionale. A ciò va aggiunto il costo di una intrinseca inefficacia della formulazione punitiva applicata. In una prospettiva necessariamente de iure condendo si può quindi pensare di valorizzare la “novità” del sistema introdotta dal d.lgs. n. 231/2001. Dotata di un più penetrante effetto dissuasivo, la previsione di una responsabilità diretta della societas – secondo quanto già sperimentato nei paesi di common law – potrebbe favorire la realizzazione dei necessari adeguamenti organizzativi, volti a garantire un livello quantomeno standardizzato di benessere, salute e sicurezza sul posto di lavoro
Tra democrazia e autoritarismo
Authors: Pištan Čarna
Published: November 2021

Il volume propone una ricostruzione in chiave sia sincronica che diacronica dei sistemi di giustizia costituzionale nei paesi dell’Europa centro-orientale e dell’area ex-sovietica, offrendo in tal modo una analisi sistematica della giurisdizione costituzionale in ventisette paesi diversi. L’indagine ripercorre lo sviluppo del concetto di controllo di costituzionalità nell’Europa dell’Est pre-socialista, la sua evoluzione durante la parentesi socialista e, quindi, la (ri)nascita della giustizia costituzionale nel più recente contesto di transizione democratica. Sulla base di tale esame, il libro individua i molteplici fattori che hanno plasmato le Corti costituzionali di terza generazione e determina le problematiche, i limiti attuali, nonché le finalità che persegue la giurisdizione costituzionale in paesi che solo di recente sono approdati alla democrazia, ovvero in paesi in cui il processo di democratizzazione ha riscontrato gravi limiti. L’accento è posto, in particolare, sull’emergere di una concezione particolarmente ampia e aperta di giustizia costituzionale nell’intera sfera ex-socialista, che ha finito per provocare una tendenza paradossale che vede nella crescita funzionale della giurisdizione costituzionale un fenomeno del costituzionalismo contemporaneo sia di derivazione liberale, sia di derivazione illiberale
Le Corti costituzionali tra politica e giurisdizione
Authors: Drigo Caterina
Published: November 2021

Il volume affronta le complesse relazioni fra giustizia costituzionale e sfera politica nel contesto statunitense e in quello italiano. Il tema è approfondito muovendo da un approccio critico e problematico al judicial review of legislation e ai rapporti tra sfera politica e giustizia costituzionale per poi affrontare il delicato profilo della compatibilità di quest’ultima con la democrazia. La riflessione sulla legittimazione degli organi di giustizia costituzionale consente di evidenziare le interconnessioni fra teoria della Costituzione, teoria della giustizia costituzionale e teoria dell’interpretazione costituzionale, offrendo un’occasione di confronto fra la dottrina statunitense e quella italiana. L’opera, inoltre, esamina le diverse modalità con cui la Corte Suprema statunitense e la Corte costituzionale italiana si relazionano a casi con tassi di politicità più o meno palese. Attraverso il prisma dell’indagine teorica e il commento della prassi giurisprudenziale vengono, così, evidenziate le caratteristiche e i profili critici della political question doctrine ed individuati alcuni significativi profili di similitudine fra Stati Uniti e Italia. Il ventaglio degli strumenti a cui la Corte costituzionale ricorre nel rapportarsi alle questioni politiche, in particolare laddove emergono esigenze di rispetto della sfera riservata alla discrezionalità del legislatore, mostra le ambiguità, le criticità e le difficoltà connesse all’individuazione di ipotesi carsiche di una political question doctrine nell’ordinamento italiano. L’analisi casistica consente di apprezzare quel processo osmotico secondo il quale dietro ogni caso pratico si celano problematiche della teoria della giustizia costituzionale che, a loro volta, aprono alle questioni sempre attuali e controverse della teoria costituzionale.
APLIKASI SOCIAL NETWORKING DESTINASI WISATA DI PASURUAN PADA PLATFORM ANDROID
Authors: Rokhim Abdul , Efendi M. Tarmihim
Published: November 2021

Pasuruan has many tours of natural, religious, shopping, culinary and cultural tourism that can be visited by tourists, but many tourists do not know it yet. Tourist locations in Pasuruan that are still unknown to the general public, the authors take advantage of technological sophistication, especially the android smartphone to provide applications for tourist destinations with social networking methods. It is expected to facilitate the search process for tourist locations in Pasuruan or to introduce tourism in Pasuruan. Based on the testing and analysis of results, this program can be proven to be very helpful for tourists to find tourism in Pasuruan. This is also one form of introducing tourism in Pasuruan
DETEKTOR KARBONDIOKSIDA (CO2) SEBAGAI PENGAMAN INTERNAL MOBIL BERBASIS MIKROKONTROLLER
Authors: Kurniawan Moh Andre , Abidin Zainal , Laksono Arief Budi , Bachri Affan
Published: November 2021

Air is one of the kinds of the gas group as the main source of breathing for the living things. In the air, there are many types of gases, but not all of them are good to be inhaled, one of them is carbondioxide. Carbondioxide is mostly produced by the vehicles, and it is also present in the car. Carbondioxide detectoris a safety tool used in the car. It is based on microcontroller and can be used to provide security to its users. The MQ135 censor detects carbondioxideby transmitting the data through the ATMega328 microcontroller whose concentration can be viewed through the LCD. Actuators in this study consisted of LED, buzzer, and servo motors as the power windows drivers. When the carbondioxide gas level exceeds the threshold of 1000 ppm, the LED that originally is in green will turn into red, the buzzer will be active and the servo motor will move to open the power windows. Conversely, when the carbondioxide gas level has returned to normal, buzzer will turn off and automatically power windows will close with the help of servo motor, and LED will turn back into green. The set of tool that has been made, compared to the carbondioxide gas detector in the room resulting error value of 3.11%.
KLASIFIKASI AKASARA JAWA DENGAN CNN
Authors: Wijaya Edo Prasetyo N. A
Published: November 2021

It is common knowledge that CNN is a significant method in image classification. This is because CNN can classify Latin letters with a high degree of accuracy. Lenet5 in CNN is tasked with converting 2D features from an image into a convolutional network continuously. CNN architecture consists of several layers, including the Convolution Layer, Relu layer, Subsampling layer, Fully Connected Layer. In this research, CNN is used to classify Javanese script images into 20 classes. These classes include ha, na, ca, ra, ka, da, ta, wa, la, pa, dha, ja, yes, nya, ma, ga, ba, tha, nga. Javanese script used in this research is Ngalena Javanese script. The precision values for each class range from 0.5 to 0.6.
Das Leuschnermodell und eine Alternative
Authors: Doppler Klaus
Published: November 2021

Der Artikel ist eine Reflexion zu Gerhard Leuschners Text »Eine Fallgeschichte«. Der arbeitet heraus, wie zentral eine umfassende und stetige Auftragsklärung für nachhaltige Veränderungsprozesse ist.
Quartz-quartz type light guides with low losses and a thin polymer shell for the near-IR spectral range.
Authors:   Kotelnikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Fryazino Branch, 141190, pl. acad. Vvedenskogo, 1, Fryazino, Russia, Shilov I.P. , Zamyatin A.A. ,   Kotelnikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Fryazino Branch, 141190, pl. acad. Vvedenskogo, 1, Fryazino, Russia, Makovetsky A.A. ,   Kotelnikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Fryazino Branch, 141190, pl. acad. Vvedenskogo, 1, Fryazino, Russia, Kochmarev L.Yu. ,   Kotelnikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Fryazino Branch, 141190, pl. acad. Vvedenskogo, 1, Fryazino, Russia
Published: November 2021

The issues of obtaining silica optical fibers with SiO2/SiO2-F composition (where SiO2 is a core, and SiO2-F is a light-reflecting cladding) with low optical losses for the near-IR spectral range are considered. This fiber type is widely used in various fields of science and technology, including laser medicine. The study results of the dependence of the numerical aperture and fluorine concentration in silica glass of the formed fiber preforms on the Freon (C3F8) consumption in the gas phase when using a waveguide-type microwave plasmotron at the H10 wavelength, are presented. It is showed that to increase the fluorimeters sensitivity in the near-IR spectral range as probe fibers for detecting luminescence, it is promising to use quartz-quartz fibers with the “Heraeus” glass core and the reflective SiO2-F cladding with an increased fluorine content in the glass (up to 7 wt. %). In this case, the numerical aperture of such fibers will reach values up to 0.32. For laser procedures in ophthalmology, surgery, phlebology and etc., optical fibers with a standard numerical aperture 0.20-0.24 can be used (with a fluorine concentration in the glass up to 3 wt. %).
Применение трансдермальной лекарственной формы (микроиглы) и обоснование выбора активного действующего вещества для разработки нового лекарственного препарата
Authors: Ногаева Ульяна Валерьевна , Лешкевич А. А. , Юрочкин Д. С. , Голант З. М. , Флисюк Е. В. , Ивкин Д. Ю.
Published: November 2021

Проведено исследование перспективности разработки трансдермальной лекарственной формы (ЛФ) в виде микроигл. Рассмотрены методы получения таких систем, область применения, а также данные фармацевтического рынка. На основе клинических рекомендаций сформирована широкая выборка МНН, применяющихся для снижения болевого синдрома при остеоартрозах. Рассмотрены емкость рынка, продажи по анатомо-терапевтическо-химическим группам АТХ-2, продажи в зависимости от ЛФ. Определены критерии отбора действующих веществ, обладающих рыночной перспективностью. После анализа сокращённой выборки выявлено, что мелоксикам обладает достаточным рыночным потенциалом для создания ЛФ микроиглы. Прогнозирование объемов потребления мелоксикама на основании моделей временных рядов указывает на стабильную динамику роста продаж и потенциальный объем рынка 4,6 млрд руб. к 2030 г. Результаты исследования свидетельствуют о перспективности и обоснованности фармацевтической разработки новой трансдермальной формы, включающей в качестве действующего вещества мелоксикам.
Waste Management and Control Problems in Sokoto Metropolis: Projected Mitigation on the Syndrome
Authors: Alapata Ahmed Yusuf , Bayode Eniolorunda Nathaniel , Fakai Musa Yakubu , Igra Samuel
Published: November 2021

This study assessed the nature of solid waste generation, its spatio-temporal pattern and existing management strategies in Sokoto metropolis. The greatest challenges facing cities in the developing world are; paucity of solid waste management and control. In the Nigeria context, solid waste management is characterized by inefficient collection, insufficient coverage of the collection system and improper disposal methods. In Sokoto metropolis, increase in population has resulted into accelerated of solid waste generation with pollution of all categories, and the consequent is dearth of modern management. The study used; selection of different wastes for observation, sampling-up four sub-soils at 0-30cm at random from each of the waste dump sites to determine not only for heavy metal concentrations but also for fertility supplement in comparison with the National Environmental Standard and Regulation Enforcement Agency (NESREA). Also, fifty scheduled questionnaires were administered each on selected residents around dumped sites and to the staff of Town Planning Board to solicit for relevant information on government and its agencies effectiveness in disposal and management of waste. Landsat data was also used to map out the waste sites for spatio-temporal analysis from 1999 to 2016. Results are expected to inform major decisions makers and urban planners in order to promote a sustainable urban development for Sokoto metropolis and its environs. Keywords: developing world, protection agencies, Metropolis, urban planners, Sokoto
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN TEPUNG INDIGOFERA DALAM KONSENTRAT TERHADAP PERFORMA PRODUKSI DOMBA EKOR GEMUK
Authors: Tarigan Novitri , Dihansih Elis , Kardaya Dede
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan pada tanggal 26 Mei sampai 26 Juli 2018, di Peternakan Mitra Tani Desa Tegal Waru RT 04 RW 05, Kecamatan Ciampea, Bogor Barat.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui informasi tentang pengaruh pemberian tepung indigofera dalam konsentrat terhadap performa produksi domba ekor gemuk selama penggemukan. Domba yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 12 ekor (11kg) dengan keseluruhan betina dengan umur satu tahun. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 4 perlakuan dan masing-masing perlakuan 3 ulangan. Peubah yang diamati pada penelitian ini adalah konsumsi pakan, pertambahan bobot badan dan konversi pakan. Data yang diperoleh akan dianalisis dengan sidik ragam (ANOVA) dan menggunakan uji lanjut Tukey. Hasil yang diperoleh dilihat dari setiap minggu pemeliharaan menunjukkan bahwa konsumsi pakan, pertambahan bobot dan dan konversi pakan berbeda nyata pada minggu ke 6 sampai ke 8. Namun secara keseluruhan performa domba ekor gemuk selama 2 bulan pemeliharaan menunjukkan konsumsi pakan tidak nyata sedangkan pertambahan bobot badan domba sangat nyata (P> 0,01) dan konversi pakan nyata (P>0,05). Domba Ekor Gemuk dapat diberikan tepung indigofera sampai 30% selama 60 hari pemeliharaan sehingga pertambahan bobot badan lebih baik serta lebih efisien terhadap pakan.  

Kata Kunci: performa, domba ekor gemuk, indigofera.
Distribuição e estrutura das espécies lenhosas em uma restinga ecotonal no litoral Amazônico Maranhense, Brasil
Authors: Luciana Belfort  , Flávia Raquel Fernandes do Nascimento  , Eduardo Bezerra de Almeida Jr.
Published: November 2021

Introducción y objetivos: La vegetación de restingas es un ecosistema que se extiende a lo largo de la costa de Brasil en varias extensiones, con fitofisiognomías compuestas por estratos que varían de herbáceas a arbóreas. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la disposición estructural, diversidad y distribución de la comunidad leñosa de vegetación ecotonal de restinga en la costa de Maranhão, región nordeste de Brasil, con miras a la investigación dirigida al potencial de la bioprospección de especies.

M&M: Para el muestreo de la vegetación se utilizó el método del punto cuadrático (50 puntos), cuyo criterio de inclusión fue Perímetro a Altura del Terreno ≥ 10cm. Se analizaron parámetros fitosociológicos, estructura comunitaria y patrón de distribución fitogeográfica.

Resultados: Se identificaron 22 especies, 18 géneros y 14 familias. Las familias más representativas fueron Myrtaceae (con cuatro especies), Arecaceae, Fabaceae, Ochnaceae, Polygonaceae y Rubiaceae (dos especies, cada una). Las especies con mayores Valores de Importancia (VI) fueron Astrocaryum vulgare (20,36%), Attalea speciosa (19,40%), Himatanthus drasticus (14,72%), Chamaecrista ramosa (10,68%) y Eugenia biflora (10,27%). El índice de diversidad de Shannon fue 2,401 nat.ind-1 y la equidad de Pielou 0,749. El patrón de distribución local mostró que las especies se distribuyen aleatoriamente. La única especie con un patrón de distribución diferente fue Chamaecrista ramosa, con una distribución agregada.

Conclusiones: La estructura y dinámica de la restinga ecotonal entre las costas amazónicas y nororiental indican que la zona tiene riqueza y diversidad de especies con valores similares a las restas del nordeste, destacando la necesidad de protección y valoración de plantas en áreas de restinga.
Aging-related effects on the controlled retrieval of semantic information
Authors: Ambrosini Ettore , Peressotti Francesca , Gennari Marisa , Benavides Silvia , Montefinese Maria
Published: November 2021

The efficient use of knowledge requires semantic control processes to retrieve context-relevant information. So far, it is well established that semantic knowledge, as measured with vocabulary tests, do not decline in aging. Yet, it is still unclear if controlled retrieval -the context-driven retrieval of very specific aspects of semantic knowledge- declines in aging, following the same fate of other forms of cognitive control. Here, we tackled this issue by comparing the performance of younger and older native Italian speakers during a semantic feature verification task. To manipulate the control demands, we parametrically varied the semantic salience of the target feature for the cue concept. As compared to their young counterparts, older adults showed a worse performance (in terms of reaction times) as the salience of the target feature for the concept decreased. This result suggests that older people have relatively greater difficulties in regulating the activation within semantic representation when conditions pose high demands of controlled retrieval of semantic information.
Decoding satellite images of earthquakes, Part-V: Approximating derivatives by convolutions
Authors: Dana Saumik
Published: November 2021

This document is part V of a series of documents providing a lowdown on image processing in the context of understanding satellite images of earthquakes.
An examination of the size effect in quasi-brittle materials using a bond-based peridynamic model
Authors: Hobbs Mark , Dodwell Tim , Hattori Gabriel , Orr John
Published: November 2021

This paper examines the size effect in quasi-brittle materials using a three-dimensional bond-based peridynamic model. This is the first time that the capability of a peridynamic model to capture the size effect in quasi-brittle materials has been examined. Correctly reproducing the size effect is an essential check on the validity of any computational model and it is demonstrated that a bond-based peridynamic model can accurately capture the failure stress of geometrically identical structures over a range of sizes. A systematic examination of geometrically similar notched and unnotched beams provides new insights into the predictive capabilities of the model, and mode I and mixed-mode problems are considered to examine the generality of the model. The model is validated using published experimental data, and the predictive accuracy is equivalent, if not superior, to well-established numerical methods whilst offering several benefits that justify further research and development. This study provides evidence that the length scale in a peridynamic model is a numerical parameter and not a material property.
Incomparability and Incommensurability in Choice: No Common Currency of Value?
Authors: Walasek Lukasz , Brown Gordon
Published: November 2021

Models of decision-making typically assume the existence of some common currency of value, such as utility, happiness, or inclusive fitness. This common currency is taken to allow comparison of options and to underpin everyday choice. Here we suggest instead that there is no universal value scale, that incommensurable values pervade everyday choice, and hence that most existing models of decision-making in both economics and psychology are fundamentally limited. We propose that choice objects can only be compared with reference to specific but non-universal “covering values”. These covering values may reflect decision-makers’ goals, motivations, or current states. A complete model of choice must accommodate the range of possible covering values. We show that abandoning the common currency assumption in models of judgment and decision-making necessitates rank-based and “simple heuristics” models that contrast radically with conventional utility-based approaches. We note that if there is no universal value scale then Arrow’s Impossibility Theorem places severe bounds on the rationality of individual decision-making, and hence that there is a deep link between the incommensurability of value, inconsistencies in human decision-making, and rank-based coding of value. More generally, incommensurability raises the question of whether it will ever be possible to develop single-quantity-maximizing models of decision-making.
The Incidence of Atlanto-Occipitalization and Additional Foramina Present in The Dry Skulls of Nepalese Population
Authors: Shakya Rubina , Ranjit Nirju , Shrestha Shamsher
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Atlanto-occipitalization(AOZ) is one of the congenital anomalies related to craniovertebral synostosis. The clear understanding of its anatomical features and cranial foraminal variants plays a critical role in finding the possible coping mechanism with its pathogenesis such as segmental instability or neurologic deficits.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the incidence of occipitalization of Atlas and related variant foramina, as the baseline awareness of these conditions among the Nepalese population is yet to be documented.

Methodology: A retrospective study was performed for the total 86 dry skulls available in the department of Anatomy in Katmandu University of Medical Sciences, Institute of Medical Science, and B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences. The skulls were examined thoroughly to evidence the occurrence of cranio-vertebral variations.

Result: Out of 86 human adult skulls, 2 cases (2.32 %) were found with partial AOZ presenting posterior spina bifida close to the midline. Sphenoidal emissary foramen (SEF) was also observed in 17 skulls (19.76 %), an additional foramen lying anteromedial to the foramen ovale. Moreover, one of the skulls (1.16 %) was found with the presence of pterygospinous bar creating an additional foramen ‘foramen of Civinini’ in the lateral pterygoid plate of the sphenoid bone.

Conclusion: The incidence of AOZ and pterygospinous bar seems to be quite low as compared to the cases of SEF. However, the knowledge of such variations and the presence of additional foramina carry great significance for orthopedists and neurosurgeons to have prognostic implications and an accurate surgical approach.
Association Between Body Mass Index and Blood Pressure Among Medical Students of Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in Birgunj
Authors: Shrestha Esha , Shrestha Shreesh , Shrestha Prashanna , Madhikarmi Nirjala Laxmi
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Body mass index is an important parameter associated with a variety of disease processes. The risk of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases increases with an increase in body mass index. The study was conducted to compare the relationship between body mass index and blood pressure.

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and correlate the Obesity and Hypertension in    medical students

 Methodology: The study was conducted in 200 students (113 males and 87 females). Height, weight and blood pressure were recorded from all participants and body mass index was calculated. The recorded body mass index was utilized to divide the student into underweight, normal, over weight and obese category according to the World Health organization body mass index classification. Hypertension was determined from the measure of blood pressure. Then comparison of blood pressure with body mass index was made.

Results: Among 200 students 6% were obese, 22% were overweight, 65% were normal and 7% underweight. The mean height was 163cm and mean weight 60.48kg. The mean value of systolic blood pressure (105.85, 115.45, 134.95, 137.16 mmHg) and diastolic blood pressure (70.14, 76.15, 90.72, 93.33 mmHg) increased with increasing body mass index.

Conclusion: Overweight and obesity increases the risk of hypertension among students.
Traumatic Ulcerative Granuloma with Stromal Eosinophilia: Sinister Appearing Innocuous Lesion
Authors: Keshwar Shashi , Raut Toniya , Jaisani Mehul Rajesh , Shrestha Ashish
Published: November 2021

Trauma within the oral cavity is one of the common incidence of occurrence which can be an inducer as well as propagator for wide range of oral lesion of diverse course. A unique combination of formation of granulomatous lesion with reactive eosinophilic stromal infiltration in response of trauma is “traumatic ulcerative granuloma with stromal eosinophilia (TUGSE)”. It is a reactive, infrequent, self-limiting condition of oral mucosa. The commonly involved site and the clinical presentation might click to suspect it as a lesion of oral cancer. Clinical history and examination guide through the diagnosis whereas histopathology forms the basis of the diagnosis.
Pengembangan Aplikasi Berbasis Android Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Ilmu Tajwid di TPQ Hidayatul Muttaqin
Authors: Rouf Muhamad Abdul
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT

Based on the implementation and the results of tests that have been carried out it can be concluded that this application runs well in accordance with its function. This application runs on Android-based smartphones which are basically learning applications and have been able to teach terms related to the problem of recitation. add interest and knowledge in the material of tajweed especially in the mention of stand-alone hijaiyyah letters and when meeting with other letters. And the most important thing can be a learning tool in reading the Qur'an in accordance with the Tajweed Sciences. The level of feasibility of the application of Android-based Tajweed is tested by media experts with a percentage of feasibility of 75% and material experts with a percentage of 87% feasibility and testing of learning media users with a feasibility rate of 89% and conclusively categorized as very feasible as a learning aid . This learning application is expected to be one of the alternatives in the Tajwid Science learning method and how to read the Qur'an properly and correctly. But for maximum results, learning recitation must be accompanied or guided directly by the teacher.

Keywords: Keywords: Learning media, Android, Tajwid science.
Pengembangan Multimedia Pembelajaran Fotografi Berbasis Ecohistory untuk Menumbuhkan Karakter Peduli Lingkungan
Authors: Damar Rani Handini Arga
Published: November 2021

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan yang fokus dalam mengembangkan multimedia pembelajaran berbasis Ecohistory untuk menumbuhkan sikap peduli lingkungan. Tujua dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menghasilkan produk berupa multimediafotografi  berbasis ecohistory yang valid dan reliabel untuk menumbuhkan sikap peduli lingkungan pada diri mahasiswa. Subjek validasi produk adalah duaorang ahli yaitu ahli materi dan ahli media. Sedangkan subjek uji coba produk multimedia pembelajaran berbasis ecohistory dalam penelitian pengembangan ini adalah mahasiswa program studi Pendidikan Informatika Universitas Ivet. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan pengembangan model 4D yaitu define, design, develop dan disseminate. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan validasi ahli, observasi dan angket. Skor hasil validasi ahli dan angket dianalisis dengan metode deskriptif.  Data hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa multimedia yang dikembangkan tergolong valid dengan skor hasil validasi 3,62 dalam skala 1-4; dan 89,9 % mahasiswa memberikan respon positif terhadap multimedia yang dikembangkan.

 

        Kata kunci: multimedia, fotografi, ecohistory, peduli lingkungan

 

ABSTRACT

This research is development research focused on developing ecohistory based photography multimedia to foster the environmental awareness among the undergraduates students. The aim of the research are to produce a ecohistory-based photography multimedia that is valid and reliable to foster the environmental awareness. The validation subject of this study are media and materials expert.  The population of the research is the undergraduate students of Informatic Education Universitas IVET Semarang. Design of development research uses 4-D model consist of define, design, develop and disseminate. The method of obtaining the data used is expert validation, observation and responses questionaire. The validation score and questionaire are analysis by descriptive method. This research reveals that the validity of the ecohistory based photography multimedia can be categorize valid with validation score 3,65 in cardinal number 1-4; and 89,9% of undergraduates students gives positif responses to the ecohistory based photography multimedia.

       Key words: multimedia, photography, ecohistory, environmental awareness
Manejo de la osteoporosis en la edad posmenopáusica
Authors: Franken Morales Saskia Sharielle , Garcia Orrego Ana Maria , Valenzuela Barrantes Luis
Published: November 2021

La osteoporosis es una enfermedad caracterizada por un aumento en el recambio óseo y disminución de la masa ósea asociada a fragilidad esquelética, lo que aumenta el riesgo de caídas y fracturas. Inherente a su presentación, la osteoporosis es asintomática hasta que ocurren las fracturas. Actualmente existe una variedad de medicamentos que pueden ser utilizados en la osteoporosis por lo que es importante conocer cada uno de ellos e individualizar cada paciente para saber cuándo y a quiénes brindar terapia farmacológica. Los más utilizados son los inhibidores de la resorción ósea, los agentes anabólicos, la calcitonina, los moduladores selectivos del receptor de estrógeno y el Denosumab. El desafío en cuanto a esta patología es lograr captar mujeres con alto riesgo para así establecer una terapia de forma temprana con el objetivo de prevenir fracturas.
Carcinoma Epidermoide Cutáneo, enfermedad de alta relevancia mundial
Authors: Hernández Chacón José Roberto , Torres Morales Sheirys Arleth , Hernández Chacón Evelyn María
Published: November 2021

El carcinoma epidermoide cutáneo (CEC), antiguamente llamado carcinoma espinocelular o escamoso se define como el tumor primario de la piel que expresa una diferenciación descamativa predominante. Suele aparecer a partir de lesiones precursoras, como la queratosis actínica o la enfermedad de Bowen (carcinoma in situ), aunque también puede aparecer en pieles irradiadas o sobre lesiones inflamatorias crónicas o de novo, tales como en cicatrices de quemaduras, úlceras en miembros inferiores y en casos de micosis profundas; así como en zonas de alto y medio riesgo de la cabeza y cuello. Tiene una incidencia hasta tres veces mayor en hombres que en mujeres, y se presenta principalmente entre las edades de 64 a 76 años.  Es la segunda causa de muerte por cáncer cutáneo después del melanoma. Forma parte de los cánceres cutáneos no melanocíticos y se considera uno de los cánceres más frecuentes en la población de piel blanca a nivel mundial, por lo que el tener tipo de piel I o II según la clasificación Fitzpatrick y el tener labores al aire libre tales como agricultura y construcción, aumentan el riesgo de padecer la enfermedad. El diagnóstico definitivo del CEC se establece mediante biopsia de la lesión y examen con histopatología. La cirugía representa el tratamiento de elección y la técnica de Mohs se considera la técnica de elección.
Międzynarodowe opodatkowanie sportowców na przykładzie piłkarzy
Authors: Gibasiewicz Dariusz
Published: November 2021

Artykuł ten dotyczy międzynarodowego opodatkowania sportowców, a w szczególności piłkarzy. Celem tego artykułu jest przedstawienie transgranicznych sytuacji zawodników piłkarskich będących rezydentami jednego kraju biorących udział w rozgrywkach piłkarskich w innym kraju, w którym otrzymują oni określony dochód. W artykule poruszono również kwestię, czy opodatkowanie zawodników nierezydentów w danym kraju może mieć decydujący wpływ na miejsce organizacji zawodów sportowych oraz czy brak zwolnienia uzyskanych przez nich dochodów może być jednym z decydujących czynników w procesie wyboru kraju-gospodarza imprezy lub turnieju piłkarskiego. Wnioski płynące z analizy tych zagadnień są bardzo złożone. Opodatkowanie sportowców jest zjawiskiem wieloaspektowym ze względu na zróżnicowanie kategorii osiąganych przez nich dochodów. Z kolei kwestie podatkowe mają istotne znaczenie w procesie wyboru organizatorów turniejów sportowych.
Prawo do wypoczynku w świetle przepisów kodeksu pracy
Authors: Majchrzak Katarzyna
Published: November 2021

Ustawodawca zagwarantował każdemu pracownikowi prawo do wypoczynku, określając je jako jedną z podstawowych zasad prawa pracy. Artykuł przedstawia głównie zagadnienia dotyczące dobowego i tygodniowego odpoczynku oraz urlopu wypoczynkowego. Wypoczynek jest konieczny dla regeneracji sił fizycznych i psychicznych człowieka. Prawo do wypoczynku to uprawnienie ale jednocześnie obowiązek pracownika. Wypoczęty pracownik bardziej starannie i efektywnie wypełnia zadania służbowe. Wzrost objawów zmęczenia, czyli spadek zdolności do pracy wynika w znacznym stopniu z niedostatecznego odpoczynku. Dlatego pracodawcy również powinno zależeć aby pracownik korzystał z przysługujących mu uprawnień w zakresie wypoczynku.