bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dependencia mediática y evaluación de la gestión gubernamental mexicana de la pandemia
Authors: Muñiz Carlos , Corduneanu Victoria Isabela
Published: December 2021

En contextos de crisis como la pandemia por Covid-19 se incrementa entre la población la dependencia del sistema mediático para buscar información y orientación, lo que puede generar y/o acrecentar actitudes políticas, como el apoyo a la gestión gubernamental de la crisis. Así, el presente artículo busca determinar si la dependencia mediática influyó en la evaluación ciudadana de la gestión del presidente y del subsecretario de Salud durante la pandemia en México y si el nivel de partidismo moderó este efecto. Para ello, se realizó una encuesta (N = 1211) con una muestra representativa a nivel nacional. Los resultados muestran un efecto moderador del partidismo sobre la relación entre la dependencia y la evaluación de la gestión de la pandemia, principalmente en el caso del subsecretario de Salud. Ello sugiere que la cobertura mediática diferenciada de ambos actores políticos contribuyó a modificar la evaluación ciudadana, en especial entre quienes eran apartidistas.
The Impact of Corporate Entrepreneurship on the Performance of Jordanian Telecom Corporates
Authors: Awwad Mohammad Suleiman , Abu-Karaki Abdullah Aref
Published: December 2021

The Telecom sector in Jordan is highly competitive in a way that affects the performance of firms working in this sector, many solutions were provided to enhance performance, but corporate entrepreneurship as a solution to significantly improve performance still not have fully adopted, that is why this research was carried to highlight the importance of such concept to improve performance. This research was aimed at determining the impact of corporate entrepreneurship dimensions (innovation, risk-taking, proactiveness, competitive aggressiveness, and autonomy) on the performance of Jordanian telecom corporates in Jordan. Data were collected from 39 telecom corporates in Jordan. The questionnaires entail assessing the degree of corporate entrepreneurship in relation to the performance of telecom corporates in Jordan. SmartPLS 2.0 Statistical program was used to conduct descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings of the research indicated that corporate entrepreneurship dimensions (innovation, risk-taking, proactiveness, and competitive aggressiveness) positively affect the performance of Jordanian telecom corporates except for the autonomy dimension.
Çok zamanlı multispektral uydu verilerinin Marmara Gölü kıyı değişimi analizinde kullanılması
Authors: YİĞİT Abdurahman Yasin , ŞENOL Halil İbrahim , KAYA Yunus
Published: December 2021

Küresel ısınmaya bağlı olarak meydana gelen iklim değişikliği yağışların ve sıcaklıkların düzensizleşmesine sebep olmaktadır. Bu nedenle sosyoekonomik açıdan küresel ölçekte büyük öneme sahip kıyı alanlarında hızlı değişimler meydana gelmektedir. Kıyı alanlarındaki uzun süreli değişimlerin izlenmesi için kullanılan yöntemlerden birisi uzaktan algılama yöntemidir. NASA ve USGS tarafından sağlanan Landsat uydu misyonu sayesinde 1970 li yıllardan günümüze kadar düzenli multispektral veri temin edilebilmektedir. Yine NASA tarafından geliştirilen ve ArcGIS yazılımı üzerinden kullanılabilen DSAS aracı sayesinde kıyı çizgilerinin farklı tarihler arasındaki değişimleri izlenebilmekte ve değişim miktarları istatistiksel olarak analiz edilebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada Manisa ili sınırları içerisinde bulunan ve bir alüvyal set gölü olan Marmara Gölü’ne ait 1985-2020 arasındaki 5’er yıllık periyotlarda kıyı alanlarındaki değişimler incelenmiştir. 8 adet Landsat verisi üzerinden MNDWI ve nesne tabanlı sınıflandırma yöntemiyle kıyı çizgisi çıkarılmıştır. Çıkarılan kıyı çizgisi üzerinden DSAS ile erozyon ve dolgu miktarları belirlenerek istatistiksel yöntemlerle (EPR ve LRR) analiz edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda R2 ve Pearson's r yöntemine göre EPR ve LRR arasındaki korelasyon değerleri sırasıyla %94 ve %97 olarak hesaplanmıştır.
Türkiye'de COVID-19 sürecinde alınan önlemler çerçevesinde okul bahçe ve sınıflarının CBS ile değerlendirilmesi
Authors: BAŞEĞMEZ Murat , AYDIN Cevdet Coşkun
Published: December 2021

Bu çalışmada COVID-19 döneminde okul bahçelerinde ve sınıflarında Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS) kullanarak sağlık güvenliğini sağlayabilecek bir yaklaşım oluşturulmuştur. Çalışmanın yöntemi, okul alanlarına ve binalarına ait verilerin analizi, bahçe ve sınıflarda 4 m2’lik sosyal mesafelerin oluşturulması ve bu alanların sağlık önlemleri bakımından değerlendirilmesidir. Bu kapsamda, ilk olarak Türkiye'deki devlet kurumlarının salgın ile ilgili yayınladıkları genelgeler ve raporlar değerlendirilmiştir. Böylece okullardaki mevcut durumun eğitim politikalarına etkisi incelenmiştir. Uygulama aşamasında Emek, Bahçelievler ve Yukarıbahçelievler mahallelerinde 9 okul seçilmiş ve bu okullarda eğitimin sürdürülebilirliği değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, okul bahçelerinin %33,3'ünün pandemi yönetmeliklerine uygun olduğu ve sınıfların sadece %44,4'ünün ikili gruplama yoluyla eğitimi destekleyebildiği belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca CBS’nin, sağlık önlemleri kapsamında okul alanlarının analizinde, okulların birbiriyle kıyaslanmasında, salgın yayılımının takibinde ve yüksek riskli okul alanlarının tespitinde etkin bir analiz aracı olduğu görülmüştür.
Rebuilding India’s Public Health
Authors: Qadeer Imrana
Published: December 2021

Assuming impervious boundaries of public health service systems when searching for answers to its problems can be misleading as historically, economic and welfare planning to improve the quality of life of all was considered critical. Despite years of planning, the health sector in India has acquired a tumultuous trajectory with chaos prevailing at different levels – conceptualization, policy, financing, organization and community participation. Using the concept of order in Chaos, this paper attempts to trace four basic underlying elementary patterns in the developmental process rooted in the larger socio-political structures that led to this chaos. Its second section explores the roots from where these patterns explaining the links between health, poverty and inequality in health emanate - the zone of conflict of interests among those who hold power and those whom they represent. It explores how they altered the public health service system and settled in favour of a small but powerful elite (the corporates, the upper-middle class and the professionals) seeking international standards irrespective of the local context. Structural Adjustment and the Health Sector Reforms benefited them by shifting subsidies to the private/corporate sector, transforming services into a costly commodity, fragmented and marginalized primary health care and public hospitals while ushering in hi-tech medicine.
Principales sesgos en la investigación clínica
Authors: Zurita-Cruz Jessie Nallely , Villasís-Keever Miguel Ángel
Published: December 2021

En la elaboración de un protocolo de investigación, los autores deben tomar en cuenta los posibles errores que puedan ocurrir a lo largo del estudio. En la investigación clínica se reconocen dos tipos: los errores aleatorios y los errores sistemáticos, estos últimos se denominan sesgos. A la fecha se han descrito decenas de sesgos, por lo que este artículo tiene como objetivo describir los principales sesgos que pueden ocurrir en los estudios de investigación clínica, así como la forma para evitarlos o minimizar sus efectos. En virtud de que existen varias clasificaciones, en la presente revisión y, a fin de disponer un panorama más práctico, los sesgos se agrupan en tres: sesgos de selección, sesgos de información (o ejecución) y sesgos de confusión. Además, para una descripción más específica, se toma en cuenta el propósito del estudio: pronóstico, terapéutica, causalidad y la evaluación de una prueba diagnóstica.
Identificación de híbridos F1 de nochebuena mediante RAPDS
Authors: Barragán-Martínez Juan Antonio , Rodrìguez Rojas Teresa de Jesùs , Andrade-Rodríguez María , Villegas-Torres Oscar Gabriel
Published: December 2021

México es el centro de origen de la nochebuena Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. ex Klotzsch, es originaria del estado de Morelos. La identificación molecular de híbridos determina las relaciones filogenéticas entre ellos. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue identificar los híbridos F1 de E. pulcherrima mediante el uso de marcadores moleculares RAPD. Se utilizaron 39 plantas F1 provenientes de los cruzamientos de tres variedades de nochebuenas de sol (Amanecer navideño, Belén y Juan Pablo) con tres variedades de sombra (Festival red, Ice Punch y Burgundy). Los análisis de agrupamiento se realizaron sobre la relación de matrices con el método de ligamiento promedio aritmético de grupos de pares no ponderados (UPGMA) siglas en inglés. El iniciador OPA-07 es el que permitió identificar el origen híbrido de siete plantas F1 de la cruza Juan Pablo x Ice punch. De la progenie de las cruzas de Amanecer navideño x Ice punch y Amanecer navideño x Festival red, el iniciador OPA identificó a ocho plantas como híbridas. Los iniciadores RAPDs utilizados en las cruzas obtenidas de Belén x Ice punch, Belén x Burgundy y Belén x Festival red, no lograron identificar a los progenitores con la progenie híbrida, los fragmentos no mostraron diferencias incluso entre los mismos progenitores.
Ácaros asociados al maíz en México
Authors: Chaires-Grijalva Martha Patricia , Serrano-Domínguez Ana Karen , Coronado-Blanco Juana María
Published: December 2021

Para México, el maíz (Zea mays L.) es uno de los cultivos con mayor importancia cultural y económica. Uno de los problemas que disminuyen su producción es la presencia de plagas primarias, que al ser controladas con insecticidas químicos contribuyen a la aparición de otras consideradas secundarias, como los ácaros. En el cultivo de maíz se han registrado nueve especies de ácaros que pertenecen a las familias Acaridae y Tetranychidae y una especie sin identificar de Iolinidae. Las especies con un amplio registro de distribución pertenecen a los géneros Oligonychus y Tetranychus, pertenecientes a la familia Tetranychidae, principalmente de hábitos fitófagos. En plantas infestadas se observa un aspecto blancuzco o bronceado del follaje. Las poblaciones económicamente importantes aparecen durante junio, julio y agosto, particularmente si el clima es cálido y seco. La mayor afectación al rendimiento se presenta cuando los ácaros dañan las hojas en o arriba del nivel de la mazorca. Las etapas del cultivo donde se cuantifican más daños son al inicio de la floración y llenado de grano, ya que la presencia de altas poblaciones de ácaros en estas etapas provoca que se produzcan mazorcas raquíticas con granos pequeños debido a la deshidratación que causan. Como estrategias de manejo se pueden utilizar las prácticas culturales, mejoramiento del cultivo, enemigos naturales y como último recurso los acaricidas. Por lo anterior, esta revisión de especies de ácaros que son considerados como plaga en uno de los cultivos más importantes de México, tiene como objetivo exponer diferentes aspectos biológicos y ecológicos importantes en la interacción ácaro-maíz.
Polifenoles de diferentes fuentes vegetales y su efecto in vitro contra patógenos del garbanzo
Authors: Rosas Jauregui Ivon Alejandra , Hernandez Castillo Francisco Daniel , Palomo Ligas Lissethe , Martínez Alemán Saira Roció , Ascacio Valdés Juan Alberto , Rodríguez Herrera Raúl
Published: December 2021

La producción del garbanzo (Cicer arietinum L.) constantemente está comprometida por un complejo de patógenos que ocasionan la marchitez y pudrición de raíz (MPR). Algunas de las estrategias empleadas para el manejo de esta enfermedad son el uso de variedades resistentes, rotación de cultivos, solarización, retiro de socas y uso de semillas libre de patógenos o tratadas con fungicidas, aunque los resultados han sido limitados o poco satisfactorios, en los últimos años, el control biológico y los productos orgánicos ha cobrado mayor importancia. En el presente trabajo se obtuvieron polifenoles de extractos etanólicos mediante la técnica asistida de ultrasonido- microondas de las especies vegetales: hoja de trueno (L. lucidum), granos de sorgo (S. bicolor) y hojas de moringa (M. oleífera). Se les realizó el correspondiente análisis cualitativo mediante HPLC masas y se determinó el efecto antifúngico de cada grupo de polifenoles extracto sobre tres hongos fitopatógenos que conforman el complejo de la marchitez y pudrición de raíz, por medio de la técnica de dilución en placa y medio envenenado. Se determinó el porcentaje de inhibición y la concentración inhibitoria (CI50). Los resultados indican que los polifenoles tienen elevada efectividad biológica sobre el hongo Macrophomina y Fusarium solani, la actividad para Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris dependió de los polifenoles de cada especie vegetal; polifenoles de L. lucidum con una concentración de 491.99 ppm. Adicionalmente se comprobó que todos los grupos de polifenoles tenían en su composición química algunos compuestos de reconocida actividad microbiana como lo son: flavonas, antocianinas, catequinas y alquifenoles, entre otros.
Caracterización de extensionistas rurales en México una contribución desde el análisis de correspondencias
Authors: Santos Chávez Victor Manuel , Santiago Cruz María de Jesús , Martínez Damián Miguel Ángel , Santoyo Cortés Vinicio Horacio , Álvarez Macías Adolfo Guadalupe
Published: December 2021

La innovación rural sigue siendo un elemento crucial para resolver problemas de baja productividad en la agricultura y pobreza rural, la extensión rural constituye un instrumento de política agrícola que promueve la innovación a través de sus extensionistas. Con el propósito de caracterizar el perfil de estos actores, se realizó una tipología con base en sus atributos profesionales y los problemas que enfrentan. Se empleó la encuesta a extensionistas del sistema de monitoreo y evaluación de la política de extensión rural 2016-2017, ésta recolectó información en diez estados de la república y su tamaño muestral fue de 609 cuestionarios. La metodología utilizó procedimientos estadísticos multivariados, en un primer momento el análisis de correspondencias estimó dimensiones principales, posteriormente se construyeron clústers para definir la tipología. Se detectaron tres estratos que agruparon problema predominante y área de la carrera profesional, ello permite una mejor comprensión de las características de los extensionistas y establecer estrategias de solución de problemas en la política de extensión centrada en el conocimiento de las capacidades y condiciones de uno de sus principales actores.
Pillar Algorithm in K-Means Method for Identification Health Human Resources Availability Profile in Central Java
Authors: Nishom M. , Handayani Sharfina Febbi , Dairoh Dairoh
Published: December 2021

Based on data from the Ministry of Health, the distribution ratio between health workers and patients in Indonesia is still not equal distributed. It influenced by the distribution of health human resources that are not in accordance with the ideal needs of health services. This results need to identify the profile of the availability of health human resources in Indonesia. In this study, an approach will be implemented to identify the profile of health human resources availability using K-Means Clustering with a combination of pillar algorithms in optimizing the selection of the initial cluster centroid. Chi-square analysis is used to determine the disparity in the needs of health human resources with the conditions of the availability of health human resources in the Central Java region. The data collection method used in this research is the observation method, while the scientific method used in this research is the K-Means Clustering method. The results showed that the application has been generated can dynamically determine the health human resource cluster based on the disparity category of health human resource availability in the Central Java region. In addition, the labeling of the Pillar K-Means cluster based on the Chi-square test has a high degree of accuracy, namely 80%.
Effect of Silver Nanoparticles on Fluorescence Intensity of Fluoreseina Dye Mixed in One Solution
Authors: Shbeeb Ruwaida Tahseen , Mahdi Sarmed S. , Khalaf Sabreen A.
Published: December 2021

Metal enhanced fluorescence (MEF) is an unequaled phenomenon of metal nanoparticle surface plasmons, when light interacts with the metal nanostructures (silver nanoparticles) which result electromagnetic fields to promote the sensitivity of fluorescence. This work endeavor to study the influence of silver nanoparticles on fluorescence intensity of Fluoreseina dye by employment mixture solution with different mixing ratio. Silver nanoparticles had been manufactured by the chemical reduction method so that Ag NP layer coating had been done by hot rotation liquid method. The optical properties of the prepared samples (mixture solution of Fluoreseina dye solutions and colloidal solution with 5 minutes prepared of Ag NPs) tested by using UV-VIS absorption and Fluorescence spectrophotometer. by using AFM, SEM testes, the structure of silver nanoparticles had been estimated. the result of this work showed that adding Ag NPs colloidal to Fluoreseina dye solution help get a significant increase in the fluorescence intensity of this dye. this study results show that its significant to recent related studies in MEF.
ALVEAL, Carmen y DIAS, Thiago (Org.). Espaços Coloniais: domínios, poderes e representações. São Paulo, Alameda, 2019, 360 pp. ISBN: 978-85-7939-637-3
Authors: Rodríguez Velásquez Fidel
Published: December 2021

Este libro es una compilación de artículos provenientes del “VII Encontro Internacional de Historia Colonial (EIHC)” realizado en 2018 en la ciudad de Natal en la Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), evento que se ha transformado en el más importante realizado en Brasil para pensar la historia colonial/moderna, especialmente la que aborda las conexiones atlánticas entre Las Américas, África y la Península Ibérica y que en sus 7 ediciones ha ganado cada vez un mayor espacio en la esfera internacional. Esta dimensión internacional se ve refleja en esta publicación con la participación de autores provenientes de universidades de Estados Unidos, Portugal y Chile además de los colaboradores de Brasil, asimismo en el ilingüismo que caracteriza al libro que reúne artículos en portugués y español…
DE LEÓN PEREIRA, Cristo José, La Compañía de Jesús en la Salamanca universitaria (1548-1767). Aspectos institucionales, socioeconómicos y culturales. Salamanca, Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca, 2020, 852 pp. ISBN: 978-84-1311-155-1.
Authors: Lozano Navarro Julián J.
Published: December 2021

El estudio de las instituciones eclesiásticas durante el Antiguo Régimen y, dentro de ellas, de la Compañía de Jesús, está de enhorabuena con la publi- cación de esta obra. Ganadora, además, del Premio Humanidades de la Real Academia de Doctores de España en 2019. En primer lugar por abordar, en la larga duración, los avatares de la presencia jesuítica en una ciudad clave como Salamanca. La sede de la Universidad por excelencia en el mundo hispánico del período en que se centra el volumen. Y en segundo, porque el volumen –casi monumental por su extensión, podríamos decir– destaca por su ambición: la de analizar minuciosamente todos los aspectos del devenir histórico de la Compañía de Jesús en la ciudad utilizando, para ello, una metodología científica impecable.
LALIENA CORBERA, Carlos, LAFUENTE GÓMEZ, Mario y GALÁN SÁNCHEZ, Ángel (eds.), Fisco, legitimidad y conflicto en los reinos hispánicos (siglos XIII-XVII). Zaragoza, Prensas de la Universidad de Zaragoza, 2019, 484 pp. ISBN: 978-84-17873-77-6.
Authors: Gálvez Gambero Federico
Published: December 2021

La pregunta por los fundamentos que sustentaban los diferentes sistemas fiscales medievales y modernos ha sido objeto de una creciente atención durante los últimos años. Junto a la cuestión de sus bases teóricas, que constituía el campo de estudio tradicional, distintos historiadores han abordado el problema más amplio de la legitimidad y el consentimiento fiscales desde perspectivas que, resumiendo mucho, vienen a considerarlos como un lenguaje político compartido, fruto de las interacciones entre gobernantes y gobernados y en el que el desarrollo de las prácticas recaudatorias y las perspectivas aportadas por quienes las gestionaban jugaban un papel esencial. Profundizar en esta última vía de análisis es el objetivo del volumen colectivo que reseñamos, editado por los profesores Carlos Laliena, Mario Lafuente y Ángel Galán y publicado por las Prensas de la Universidad de Zaragoza bajo el título Fisco, legitimidad y conflicto en los reinos hispánicos (siglos XIII-XVII). El mismo es resultado de un congreso organizado en 2018 por el grupo de investigación CEMA y la red temática Arca comunis a fin de homenajear al académico Ángel Sesma Muñoz y reúne 17 contribuciones de reconocidos especialistas dedicadas a las Coronas de Castilla y Aragón durante fines de la Edad Media y principios de la Edad Moderna.
Adolescent Drug Addiction in Ukraine: Social and Psychological Aspects
Authors: Podolian Volodymyr
Published: December 2021

Adolescent drug addiction in Ukraine is a serious problem that requires proper attention and evaluation from modern society. Timely public reaction to this issue determines the methods of its solution and ways to prevent adolescent drug addiction in Ukraine in the future.
The objective: of the paper is to identify the dominant psychological and social factors that motivate adolescents to start using drugs.
Materials and methods. The main research method is the method of analysis, which was used to comprehensively consider and describe the factors that push young people to use drugs, despite the obvious threat to their health and life.
Results. Authors consider issues of social and psychological aspects of adolescent drug addiction, problems of relations in society and families where adolescents begin to use drugs. The study covers the types of family relations and the nature of intra-family relations, in which adolescents start using drugs. The main social and psychological factors that push modern young people to take drugs are identified.
Conclusions. The urgency of the subject matter is determined by the danger of drug addiction among Ukrainian adolescents and the lack of attention paid by parents to the study of this problem and the lack of proper attention to this issue in most Ukrainian schools.
Evidence, Efficasy and Safety of the Chondroprotective Parapharmaceuticals in Treatment of the Early Stages of Osteoarthritis
Authors: Burianov Oleksandr , Khimion Liudmyla , Omelchenko Taras , Vakulych Myroslav
Published: December 2021

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease that significantly affects the patients’ quality of life and requires significant medical and social investments for treatment and rehabilitation. There are no therapeutic agents which would be able to regenerate lost or damaged hyaline cartilage.
The objective: to assess the efficacy and safety of the chondroprotective parapharmaceutical agent Flexogial in the complex treatment of patients with initial stages of the knee ОА.
Materials and methods. 12-weeks study was conducted with the participation of 60 patients with knee OA aged 53,7±2,9 years, women – 36 (60%), men – 24 (40%) with the initial stages of the disease (I–II radiological stage). The main clinical group consisted of 30 patients who took the chondroprotective complex agent Flexogial 15 ml once a day; the comparison group included 30 patients who were administered glucosamine sulfate 1500 mg in a monopreparation taken once a day. Efficacy of the treatment was evaluated using the VAS scale, Tegner’s scale, Lisholm scale at the beginning of treatment, after 6 and 12 weeks in dynamics with subsequent statistical processing of the results.
Results. The study demonstrated better indicators of functional activity and less pain intensity in the affected joints in patients of the main group who took the parapharmaceutical agent Flexogial compared to the group of patients who took glucosamine monopreparation with the same number of registered adverse events in both groups of patients (5%).
Conclusions. The results of the presented clinical study proved the advantage of use of the combined chondroprotective drinking complex Flexogial in comparison with the monopharmaceutical preparation glucosamine sulfate in the treatment of patients with early stages knee OA in terms of the effect on the intensity of pain and improvement in the parameters of the functional activity of patients after 6 and 12 weeks with the same frequency of registered adverse events.
Assessment of the Relationship Between Bone Mineral Density and Fracture Risk Factors in the Family Doctor Practice
Authors: Luk’ianets Yevheniia
Published: December 2021

Osteoporosis is the fourth most common after cardiovascular, cancer and endocrine diseases. According to WHO experts, due to the aging population and the impact of negative environmental factors, the incidence of osteoporosis will increase further.
The objective: determining the relationship between ultrasound densitometry data on the heel cyst and the risk of fractures in older women from different regions of the country.
Materials and methods. The study was based on a survey of women in major cities of Ukraine – Kyiv, Kharkiv, Odessa. 116 women aged 40 to 79 years were included. The average age of the subjects was 56±9,62 years, the average body weight was 74,5±12,9 kg, height 163,1±5,62 cm, the average body mass index (BMI) was 28±4,90. Normal (BMI) 20–24,9 had 35 women (30,2%), rates of preobesity and clinical obesity were in 81 surveyed women (69,8%). All subjects were divided into 4 groups by age: 40–49 years, 50–59 years, 60–69 years, 70–79 years.
Results. Decrease in bone mineral density was found in 59,5% of examined women, of which osteopenia was in 57%, osteoporosis in 2,5% of women, the norm in 40,5% of women. The number of women with low BMD increased with age.
Analyzing the risk factors in women after 40 years revealed a high incidence of hypertension 40,5%, the frequency of previous fractures in the anamnesis was 22,% of respondents, fractures of the femur and other fractures in parents noted 33,6% of women, a decrease in growth by 3 cm during life occurred in 13,7%, early menopause (up to 45 years) in 16,3% of women. Physical activity less than 30 minutes a day was noted by 27,5%. The risk of FRAX and Q-fracture fractures is significantly correlated with densitometry.
Conclusions. Early detection of osteoporosis risk factors in the practice of a family doctor will help prevent an epidemic of this disease in our country and will prevent negative medical and social consequences. All of the above should be considered for planning preventive measures for osteoporosis and its complications, as well as for subsequent diagnostic steps for early detection of the disease.
Smoking: Pathogenetic Mechanisms, Possibilities of Medical Correction (Literature Review)
Authors: Babynets Liliia , Onufryk Zoreslava
Published: December 2021

The smoking epidemic is one of the greatest threats to human health, as it is the leading cause of death worldwide, as well as many preventable diseases. Diseases associated with smoking include cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes, chronic pancreatitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cancer, osteoporosis and others.
The aim is to analyze information on the pathogenetic mechanisms of tobacco exposure and methods of its drug correction.
Among the 4,000 chemicals identified in tobacco smoke, nicotine is the main active ingredient in tobacco products. It is highly toxic and potentially lethal.
Nicotine affects many systems, including the neurological, neuromuscular, cardiovascular, respiratory, immunological and gastrointestinal systems. Therefore, nicotine-containing drugs reduce the symptoms of nicotine withdrawal in regular smokers who abstain from smoking. The presence of different types of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, their regulation and desensitization affect these complex physiological effects.
Nicotine replacement drugs contain pure nicotine, in order to reduce the patient’s propensity to use tobacco, physiological and psychomotor withdrawal symptoms. They increase the level of nicotine in the blood, thus facilitating the transition from cigarette smoking to complete abstinence. Smokers can quit without using nicotine-containing drugs, but most those who try do not succeed on the first try. Nicotine replacement drugs only affect physical dependence.
Nicotine is the main factor responsible for dependence on cigarette smoking, and its rate of absorption and entry into the brain are considered key factors responsible for the high potential for abuse of this drug. The advantage of nicotine-containing drugs is the patient’s independence from the method of administration, determination of abstinence, duration of treatment, level of supportive counseling, place of treatment (hospital, clinic or support group), as well as fixed, variable or reduced doses. There are a number of nicotine-containing drugs in various forms that effectively promote smoking cessation in adults.
Menores migrantes de retorno en Culiacán, Sinaloa, México
Authors: Herrera Martha Cecilia , Montoya Zavala Erika Cecilia
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: caracterizar el perfil de las familias que retornan de Estados Unidos a México y conocer las dificultades que enfrentan los menores migrantes de retorno, específicamente en el contexto de adaptación al sistema escolar mexicano, así como las acciones que emprenden padres y maestros para ayudarles en el proceso.

Metodología: se realizó encuesta representativa aleatoria aplicada en las escuelas primarias en Culiacán, Sinaloa entre el 23 de marzo y el 07 de diciembre de 2015; también se aplicaron entrevistas semi-estructuradas a padres de retorno y docentes de niños en situación de retorno, realizadas entre el 13 de marzo y el 29 de julio de 2016.

Resultados: se evidenció que la mayoría de las familias son mixtas y cuentan con un mayor número de niños ciudadanos americanos. También se halló que de un total de 534 menores retornados encontrados en las escuelas primarias, 87.4% son nacidos en Estados Unidos. Existe el problema de invisibilidad de estos alumnos en el sistema educativo y al mismo tiempo enfrentan bulling por apariencia diferente; asimismo, los niños y sus padres presentan problemas de depresión en el proceso de adaptación.

Conclusiones: la migración de retorno a México ha sido una constante. Es evidente el desafío que el retorno significa para los menores migrantes retornados, sus familias y la sociedad a la que regresan; esto constituye un reto en su vida escolar, sobre todo, por su poco o nulo dominio del idioma español.
TECNOLOGIAS PARA EDUCAÇÃO EM SAÚDE NO CUIDADO AO PACIENTE COM INCONTINÊNCIA URINÁRIA: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Braga Francisca das Chagas Sheyla Almeida Gomes , da Costa Andrea Pinto , das Neves Nisleide Vanessa Pereira , da Silva Grazielle Roberta Freitas , da Silva Ana Roberta Vilarouca , Jorge Herla Maria Furtado
Published: December 2021

Objetivo:analisar as tecnologias disponíveis na literatura utilizadas para a educação em saúde no cuidado às pessoas com incontinência urinária. Métodos: revisão integrativa, com buscas nas bases: Índice Bibliográfico Espanhol de Ciências da Saúde (IBECS), Base de Dados em Enfermagem (BDENF) via Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online via Pubmed (MEDLINE/PubMed) da National Library of Medicine, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Scopus, Web of Science e Embase. A coleta foi realizada em fevereiro de 2021, tendo como principais descritores: Incontinência urinária, Tecnologia educacional e Educação em saúde. Resultados: foram selecionados 91 artigos, após a análise dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão restaram 5 produções que foram selecionadas, apresentando como estratégia as tecnologias: curso de multimídia, vídeos, aplicativo móvel e livro/livreto. Os artigos foram publicados entre 1997 e 2020. As dimensões consideradas foram: desenvolvimento de tecnologias em saúde para o tratamento da incontinência urinária e conhecimento, adesão e efeito do uso de tecnologias em saúde para o tratamento da incontinência urinária. Conclusão: as tecnologias utilizadas foram diversificadas, sendo a adesão e o efeito diretamente proporcionais, e depende de como o indivíduo compreende a incontinência urinária e o impacto que ela traz na vida de cada um.
DO INDONESIANS DARE TO TRAVEL DURING THIS PANDEMIC?
Authors:   Mulawarman University, Faculty of Economics and Business, Department of Management, Samarinda, Indonesia, RAHMAWATI Rahmawati , ACHMAD Gusti Noorlitaria ,   Mulawarman University, Faculty of Economics and Business, Department of Management, Samarinda, Indonesia, ADHIMURSANDI Doddy ,   Mulawarman University, Faculty of Economics and Business, Department of Management, Samarinda, Indonesia
Published: December 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic that has hit the world has devastated the tourism sector. In Indonesia, the government continues to focus on bringing in tourists from various foreign countries. This study tries to explain whether Indonesian people dare to travel and what factors influence their intention to travel. We applied an explanatory quantitative approach in this study, where the survey supported online by involving 200 respondents spread throughout Indonesia. Characteristics of their age between 17 years - 60 years. SEM method for interpreting data. The findings of the analysis present that during pandemic, Indonesian people continue to travel by paying attention to Covid-19 health procedures. In addition, they also consider supporting factors such as traveling needs, safety during the traveling, and exist on social media needs that significantly influence traveling intention of traveling interest mediation. Family economic condition is a factor that plays a very important role in encouraging traveling intention because we proved it to be a moderating variable that has a significant effect on traveling interest in traveling intention. The interesting thing is that 94% of respondents did not reduce their desire to travel in 2021.
AUTHIGENIC MINERALS OF VOLCANOGENIC-SEDIMENTARY ROCKS OF THE PALEOZOIC–CENOZOIC AGE OF THE SOUTHERN PRIMORYE
Authors:   V.I. Il’ichev Pacific Oceanological Institute, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Mozherovsky A.V.
Published: December 2021

Authigenic minerals in volcanogenic-sedimentary and sedimentary rocks of Southern Primorye from Permian to Miocene time have been studied. Corrensite, rectorite, highly ordered mixed-layer differences of the chlorite-smectite (corrensite-like) and mica-smectite (rectorite-like) types, mica, vermiculite-like differences (?), chlorite, defective chlorite, kaolinite, smectite, calcite, and zeolites were found. Such a set of minerals indicates that the sedimentary layer in the studied sedimentary basins could be three to five kilometer thick, and the temperature of their formation is more than 150°C. The formation of the Lower Cretaceous and Paleocene sedimentary strata has similar features, and probably proceeded first in a shallow sea basin setting of the continental margin (rift stage), sometimes under conditions close to evaporitic (presence of corrensite?), with a frequent change of the facial situation from shallow to deep sedimentation, episodic supplies of volcanic material, and gradual deepening of sedimentation basins. It can be assumed that in Early Cretaceous and Paleogene times, a series of discrete sedimentation basins along the northeastern Asia continental margin developed in a single mineralogical, tectonic, and sedimentological regime of crustal extension: minerals accumulated in the sediments, which in the process of epigenesis transformed in the following directions: a) smectite-rectorite-mica; and b) smectite (palygorskite, sepiolite?) - corrensite-chlorite. In the studied sedimentary complexes three mineralogical «layers» are distinguished: 1) chlorite-mica – mica-chlorite (Permian - Cretaceous); 2) transitional from chlorite and mica to smectite - developed are corrensite, rectorite and highly ordered mixed-layer corrensite-like and rectorite-like minerals (Cretaceous - Paleocene-Eocene), and 3) smectite (from Oligocene to the present).
STUDY ON REACTIVATION POSSIBILITY OF THE FAULTS SYSTEM IN THE WESTERN PART OF THE SOUTH CHINA SEA AS A SOURCE OF GEOLOGICAL HAZARDS
Authors:   Institute of Marine Geology and Geophysics, Viet Nam Academy of Science and Technology, Tran Tuan Dung , Kulinich R.G. ,   V.I. Il’ichev Pacific Oceanological Institute, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nguyen Quang Minh ,   Institute of Marine Geology and Geophysics, Viet Nam Academy of Science and Technology, Nguyen Van Sang ,   Hanoi University of Geology and Mining, Tran Tuan Duong ,   Institute of Marine Geology and Geophysics, Viet Nam Academy of Science and Technology, Nguyen Trung Thanh ,   Institute of Marine Geology and Geophysics, Viet Nam Academy of Science and Technology, Nguyen Ba Dai ,   Institute of Marine Geology and Geophysics, Viet Nam Academy of Science and Technology, Tran Trong Lap ,   Institute of Marine Geology and Geophysics, Viet Nam Academy of Science and Technology, Nguyen Kim Dung ,   Institute of Marine Geology and Geophysics, Viet Nam Academy of Science and Technology, Dang Xuan Tung ,   Institute of Geological Sciences, Viet Nam Academy of Science and Technology, Dao Dinh Cham ,   Institute of Geography, Viet Nam Academy of Science and Technology, Nguyen Thai Son ,   Institute of Geography, Viet Nam Academy of Science and Technology
Published: December 2021

The article summarizes the results of research aimed at study the possible reactivation of the fault system in the Earth's crust of the South China Sea with likely dangerous consequences for the coastal area of Vietnam. The research was carried out over several years with the publication of interim results. The solution to this problem required the determination of the regional stress field in the Earth's crust. Analysis of the focal mechanisms of local earthquakes, as well as the structural characteristics of faults, obtained by gravity and seismic data, was used for this. The possibility of renewal of fault activity was determined by the inversed-stress method in the calculated regional stress field. The parameters of the present-day stress field were used to estimate the required slip force along the pre-existing faults. To assess the probability of reactivation of the entire system of faults, the possibility of horizontal and vertical structural (block) displacements in the Earth's crust of the study area was calculated. Based on a comprehensive analysis of the data obtained, a forecast was made of the probability of reactivation of the fault system in the South China Sea region. This can be the cause of earthquakes, underwater landslides and other geological hazards in the coastal area of Vietnam.
Good practices in the management of medical gases in teaching hospitals in Brazil: situational diagnosis
Authors: AMORIM Fábio J. , SANTOS Lincoln C. , ARAÚJO-NETO Fernando , ANDRADE Lucimara M. , ARAÚJO Dyego C. , BARROS Izadora M. , LYRA-JR Divaldo P.
Published: December 2021

Objective: To characterize compliance with good practices in medical gas management in federal teaching hospitals in Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional survey-type study, designed to perform a situational diagnosis of the pharmacy services in 40 federal teaching hospitals in Brazil linked to the Brazilian Hospital Services Company, with respect to compliance with good practices in gas management, through the application of the ABPGasMed 1.0 instrument. This instrument consists of 54 compliance standards divided into two sections (structure and process). The characterization of research participants and hospitals, and the classification of hospitals in terms of performance categories were expressed as absolute and relative values. Chi-square tests of independence were performed to investigate the association between the hospital’s performance category and the hospital’s geographic region and size. Results: In total, 87.5% of the invited hospitals participated in the study, and only 27.59% of the hospitals had a pharmacist responsible for medicinal gases. Pharmacovigilance was performed by pharmacists in 20.59% of the hospitals. Analyzing the hospitals by region of the country and size, statistically significant associations were found between the general classification of hospitals and the geographic region (x2(8)=18.936, p= 0.015), as well as the classification of the hospital and structure and size (x2(9)= 20.373, p= 0.016). Analyses of the adjusted standardized residues returned an association between the southeastern region and the satisfactory performance category when analyzing the entire instrument, and between the excellent performance category in the structure section and size of a small hospital. Conclusion: In most of the hospitals studied, management of medicinal gases did not show the desired performance, which indicates the need to comply with current healthcare legislations and improve the provided services. It is believed that compliance rates may evolve training of healthcare team members, with an emphasis on the pharmacist.
Hubungan Tingkat Stres Orangtua Terhadap Emosional Anak Pada Pembelajaran Online Masa Pandemi Covid-19 di MTS. Ar-Rahman Ciracas
Authors: Sari Della Novita , Tobing Christine Masada Hirashita , Sahrazad Sara
Published: December 2021

Hampir 2 tahun siswa belajar dari rumah akibat pandemi covid-19. Dengan rentang waktu tersebut dapat dilihat di lapangan bahwa tidak sedikit kesabaran orangtua diuji dalam mendampingi anak belajar online. Dengan tingkat emosional anak yang juga masih labil di usia remaja maka dikhawatirkan jika orangtua tidak bisa mengendalikan stres dan emosinya akan berdampak pada emosional anak pula. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui adakah hubungan antara stres yang dialami orangtua terhadap emosional anak di MTs. Ar-Rahman Ciracas. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan korelasi dan survei. Sampel yang diambil sejumlah 44 siswa kelas VIII dari jumlah keseluruhan populasi 204 orang di MTs. Ar-Rahman Ciracas. Pengumpulan data melalui penyebaran angket, wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi, serta analisa data menggunakan uji korelasi pearson product moment. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara tingkat stres orangtua terhadap emosional anak pada pembelajaran online masa pandemi covid-19 di MTs. Ar-Rahman Ciracas dengan koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,458.
Occupational pathology in the Chukotka and Nenets Autonomous Okrugs: risks, structure, prevalence
Authors: Kovshov Aleksandr A. , Syurin Sergey A.
Published: December 2021

Introduction. Labor activity in the Arctic creates an increased risk of developing occupational diseases. In the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug (CHAO), the basis of the economy is the extraction of coal, placer and ore gold, and other non-ferrous metals, and in the Nenets Autonomous Okrug (NAO) - the extraction of oil and natural gas. The study aims to learn the risks of development, structure, and prevalence of occupational pathology among employees of enterprises in the Chukotka and Nenets Autonomous Okrugs. Materials and methods. Scientists studied the results of social and hygienic monitoring under the section "Working conditions and occupational morbidity" in the CHAO and NAO in 2008-2019. Results. In the NAO, almost two-thirds of employees work at facilities with good sanitary and epidemiological well-being indicators, while in the PRAO, only 12%. In the NAO, almost all occupational diseases (96.8%) resulted from exposure to industrial noise (noise effects of the inner ear), mainly in civil aviation pilots. In the CHAO, occupational diseases mainly developed in miners of mining enterprises (80.6%), among which the most common were noise effects of the inner ear (32.5%), chronic bronchitis (24.1%), mono- and polyneuropathies (12.7%). In contrast to the NAO, in 2008-2019, the level of occupational morbidity in the PRAO exceeded all-Russian indicators and tended to increase. The risk of diseases in 2017-2019 was higher than in 2008-2010: RR=2.51; CI 1.62-3.89, p<0.001. In 2008-2019 the probability of the formation of occupational pathology among employees of enterprises in the CHAO was higher than in the NAO: RR=3.84; CI 2.92-5.06, p<0.001. Conclusion. To reduce the occupational morbidity of miners of the CHAO, it is necessary to improve personal protective equipment and technological equipment to reduce noise levels, vibration, the concentration of aerosols of predominantly fibrogenic action, and the severity of the labor process. The use of aviation headsets with an increased level of noise reduction will help reduce the exposure of workers to noise. For solving this problem, it is necessary to update the flight fleet of civil aviation in NAO.
Occupational risk management as a system of socio-economic measures aimed at preventing diseases and protecting the health of workers in the Republic of Belarus
Authors: Rybina Tatsyana M. , Gomenjuk Aleksei N. , Sushinskaya Tatsyana M. , Makeev Viachaslau V. , Karpeko Ihar K. , Kisel Ina V. , Ginko Ina V. , Siamionau Ihar P. , Vasilevsky Syargei S. , Sarantsev Vadim V.
Published: December 2021

The article presents a retrospective of the leading research directions on preserving the health of the able-bodied population of the Republic of Belarus based on the results presented at the XVI Congress with international participation "Profession and Health". These are the possibilities of monitoring "working conditions-employee health", laboratory assessment of the intensity of the labor process, monitoring the health of workers employed under the influence of industrial vibration, industrial aerosols, development of a risk management system for the development of occupational diseases of certain professions on the Belarusian railway, a pilot project of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Belarus "Caring Polyclinic", assessment of the effects of low-intensity production factors in oil refining, etc.
Pendidikan iman bagi anak
Authors: PAYUNG YUMITA SELVI ROMBE
Published: December 2021

Abstrak:Pendidikan iman bagi anak adalah suatu pendidikan yang paling pertama atau paling mendasar dari semua pendidikan, Pendidikan iman sejatinya bukan satu-satunya diperoleh melalui pendekatan sekolah formal Tetapi pendidikan itu mulai dari orang Tua karena Anak-anak melihat bagaimana orangtuanya berperilaku selanjutnya meniru lanjut perilaku tersebut. Anak-anak berhak mendapatkan kesempatan untuk mempelajari hal-hal yang berkaitan dengan iman yang dapat menunjang dalam perkembangan kepribadian sehingga orang Tua berperan dalam pendidikan anak.
Pendidikan Kristen Berdasarkan Perspektif Perjanjjian Lama Dan Implementasinya Bagi Anak
Authors: Prayuda
Published: December 2021

Christian Education Based on the Old Testament Perspective and Its Implementation for Children. What is meant by Christian education is an education that centers on teaching the Bible and trying to apply it to the Child. The problem formulation in this study is how To Christian Education In The Old Testament and how it is implemented for children. The purpose of this study is to describe Education based on the perspective of the Bible and its implementation for the Child. This research uses qualitative methods that explore the contents of the Old Testament Bible and literature studies to be able to understand what Christian education in the Old Testament looks like and how it is like the Child.
Bahaya Riba Qardh dan Alternatif Akad Qardh Sebagai Solusi dalam Lembaga Keuangan Syariah
Authors: Khadijah  , Kurniawan Rachmad Risqy
Published: December 2021

This article will discuss the dangers of usury qardh and alternative qardh contracts as solutions in Islamic financial institutions. Riba qardh is dangerous because it causes many things to happen that can harm many parties. And this article will explain about alternative qardh contracts in Islamic financial institutions. Of most people in this world, they definitely prefer something that is profitable and will not choose something that can harm themselves or others, in worldly affairs or in matters related to the hereafter.