bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Excipients of inhaled medications with potential to cause adverse reactions
Authors: Kusonić Dejan , Petronijević Katarina , Čanji-Panić Jelena , Pavlović Nebojša , Todorović Nemanja , Srđenović-Čonić Branislava , Šušnjević Sonja , Lalić-Popović Mladena
Published: January 2022

Introduction: In addition to the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), the composition of the medicines also includes excipients which are only ideally completely pharmacologically inactive. It has been shown that excipients in inhaled preparations can cause effects opposite to the pharmacological effect of the medicine. Aim: The Aim of the study was to identify potentially harmful excipients in inhaled medicines approved in the Republic of Serbia. Material and Methods: The academic study was conducted during April 2021 and included the analysis of medicines that received a marketing authorization from the Medicines and Medical Devices Agency of Serbia (ALIMS). Qualitative compositions of inhaled medicines available in Summaries of product characteristics (SmPC) on the ALIMS's official website were observed. Excipients considered potentially harmful if they are recognised as excipients with known effect (EKE) in Serbian and European regulations. Results: Total of 46 inhalation preparations that are approved in Serbia were analyzed. In their composition were found 17 different excipients. By comparing appropriate domestic and European regulations three excipients from examined preparations that represent potential causative agents of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) were identified: lactose-monohydrate, ethanol and benzalkonium chloride. It has been shown that disodium EDTA is also a potential causative agent of ADRs, but it is not classified as EKE. Conclusion: Neither domestic nor international regulations have classified EDTA and its salts as EKE and they should be given special attention in the future as potential causative agents of ADRs. It has been shown that benzalkonium chloride is the only excipient that can lead to bronchospasm and it was found in two inhaled medicines.
Women in anesthesiology: Gender stereotypes and prejudice: Women in anesthesiology
Authors: Rajković Marija , Ratković Sanja , Stanisavljević Jovana , Hadžibegović Adi , Stević Marija , Milenović Miodrag
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Women make up an increasing portion of the physician workforce in anesthesia, but they are consistently under-represented in academic anesthesiology and leadership positions. The objective of this study is to provide a current update on the role of women in anesthesiology in Belgrade, Serbia. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted during September and October 2013 amongst anesthesiologists at ten tertiary health care institutions in Belgrade. The study population was 272 anesthesiologists. Participants' consent and ethical approval were obtained. The questionnaire captured basic sociodemographic and work-related characteristic information: age, sex, level of academic and professional postgraduate education, the managerial position of the section or department. Sociodemographic characteristics were tested in relation to sex by Pearson's chi-squared test. Results: The response rate was 76.2%. Over two-thirds (70.7%) of respondents were women. One-third of female participants (34.5%) and 23.3% of male participants had obtained additional academic achievements; 35.2% of female participants and 40.0 % of male participants had been in managerial positions. Statistically significant gender discrepancies in the additional academic education and upper-rank leadership positions were not detected. Conclusion: Female anesthesiologists in Serbia have achieved parity with men in the highest academic ranks and leadership positions. These women may play an important role in mentoring future generations of female physicians and inspiring them to achieve their professional goals.
COVID-19: Current state of mental health with a reference to health workers
Authors: Latas Milan , Pantović-Stefanović Maja , Đukić Bojana
Published: January 2022

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has brought many problems and challenges to the medical profession, including psychiatry. These include the emergence of de novo disorders in the population, the worsening of the condition in previously diagnosed patients, but also problems in the mental functioning of health professionals, who were involved in the treatment of COVID-19 patients. Numerous international papers address these problems and challenges, as is the case with a large number of studies and papers published by Serbian researchers and experts in Serbian and international publications. Objective: The objective of the paper is to present research conducted in the Republic of Serbia related to the COVID-19 infection and its impact on mental health. Methods: This paper presents the results of Serbian research as well as expert opinions related to the COVID-19 infection and its impact on mental health. The basis for the preparation of this paper were publications of Serbian authors published mostly in international journals. These publications present the results of original studies, but also expert considerations related to the impact of the COVID-19 infection on mental health. Results: Previous research and extensive clinical practice in the Republic of Serbia show the existence of frequent and intensive problems related to mental health, resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, present in both the general population and in specific populations, such as health workers and patients suffering from psychiatric disorders. Conclusion: Based on the presented results, the conclusion is that, in order to deal with this issue, a number of specialized institutions should be opened in the territory of the entire Republic of Serbia, where patients could find support and help for their problems.
The Dark Side of Extra Role Behaviors: Investigating the Link between Extra-role and Counterproductive Behaviors in Organizations using Moral Licensing Theory
Authors: Sodeiri Atefeh
Published: January 2022

Most researches in the organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs) field illustrate a wide range of positive outcomes for both employees and organizations. Some studies have investigated the other side of the coin, as well as the dark side of OCBs and the tendencies of these kinds of behaviors to increase deviant and counterproductive work behaviors (CWBs). Nowadays, investigations about counterproductive work behaviors (CWBs) and the finding of their causes is crucial for organizations. Sometimes the causes of CWBs are clarified, but sometimes extra-role behaviors such as OCBs, which have a negative relation with CWBs as well as organizational culture, can contribute to the formation of counterproductive work behaviors (CWBs). In this paper, by considering moral licensing theory and effects of abusive climate in organizations, as well as dysfunctional culture dimensions, I discuss how employees who engage in OCB may subsequently participate in counterproductive work behaviors (CWBs).
The Correlates of Two Types of Leadership Motivation
Authors: Nowak Krzysztof , Mahari Raphael
Published: January 2022

personal, achievement, and self-worth. A segmentation analysis performed on 580 current or future employees, who combine their work with studying management at the University of Warsaw, revealed two groups that had traits related to effective leadership. The subjective feeling of satisfaction across three domains: personal relationships, work-related satisfaction, and self-worth, was compared between both groups with leadership trait profiles and peers with non-leadership trait profiles. Both groups with leadership trait profiles had a higher feeling of satisfaction in work/school relative to their peers. The leadership trait profile group with a high need for power, medium need for achievements and low need for affiliation had higher self-acceptance than peers, while the leadership group with a high need for power, need for achievement and need for affiliation had higher satisfaction with relationships than their peers. Participants in both leadership trait profile groups were divided based on their temperament and preferred working style. Although highly reactive individuals in both groups felt less satisfaction with work/school, this effect was completely canceled out for individuals with a working style matched to a leadership position in the group with a high need for affiliation and achievement. Implications of these findings for organizational practice are discussed.
Identifying Differences in Values: Comparison between Iran and Poland
Authors:   Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran & Faculty of Management, University of Warsaw, Yousefpour Afsaneh
Published: January 2022

Values are the central features of societies and they are one of the essential elements in culture. The main aim of this research was examining the differences in basic human values in Iran and Poland, taking into the account sociodemographic variables (gender, age, and education level). Analyses were performed on data coming from the fifth wave of the World Value Survey (2005-2009). The results indicated that Iranians were more likely to embrace power, security, conformity, and universalism values. Poles, on the other hand, reported higher importance of stimulation, hedonism, achievement, tradition, and benevolence values. Age moderated the relationship between country and self-direction, power, and benevolence values. Education moderated the relationship between country and tradition value.
Employees’ Predispositions to Routinised Work: Measurement Issues
Authors: Wieczorkowska-Wierzbińska Grażyna , Karczewski Wojciech
Published: January 2022

We dream of a job that makes us most productive, comfortable and satisfied. But often we focus on salary, job status and ignore the mismatch between job requirements and our psychophysiological predisposition. In the long run can pay the high costs of the mismatch, so the measurement of employees’ psychophysiological predispositions is a crucial problem. In the first part of the paper we examine the definition of basic concepts: the job’s predisposition and degree of work routinization. The second part of the paper addresses the problems of questionnaire measurement on example of 3 questionnaires: NEOFFI, SSA, Gallup’s Clifton StrengthsFinder Assessment. In the empirical part we present the results of measurement of the 2 predispositions (METICULOUSNESS and ADAPTABILITY) important for prediction psychophysiological costs in performing the highly routinized work. The analyses of the data (N = 1132 employees of different corporations + 4748 colleagues of theirs) have shown: (1) the necessity of eliminating distortions related to the response style by data ipsatization; (2) the significant differences in ADAPTABILITY and METICULOUSNESS between self vs. other -descriptions; (3) the negative relationship between ADAPTABILITY and METICULOUSNESS scores
The Investigation of a Weak Form of the Efficient Market Hypothesis: Evidence From Stock Markets in the European Union
Authors: Karasiński Jacek
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this article is to examine whether returns of main indexes of selected stock exchanges in the European Union are subject to the random walk model proposed by L. Bacheliere in 1900, which is considered by many researchers to be a synonym of a weak form of the efficient market. The research was conducted for the main indexes of eight selected European stock exchanges representing markets of a different capitalisation. In order to check whether the level of informational efficiency was stable in a whole research period, namely in the years 2000-2017, the research period was divided into three equal six years sub-periods. To test a weak form of the efficient market hypothesis (EMH), four different tests of returns distribution normality were done for daily, weekly, monthly and quarterly intervals. The conducted study allowed for rejecting the null hypothesis saying that returns are subject to the random walk model proposed by L. Bacheliere which leads to normal distribution. Moreover, some significant differences between the research periods occurred. Nonetheless as the random walk model seems to be too strict even for the biggest European markets, it is proposed to test whether the returns can be subject to other stable distributions like the Pareto distribution, which gives higher probability to extremely low and high returns of what resembles actual price fluctuations of financial markets.
The Challenges of Knowledge Workers Management
Authors: Pietrzak Łukasz
Published: January 2022

The paper focuses on factors which influence productivity and creativity of knowledge workers but it also treats about managing teams made up of knowledge workers. Main topics that have been analyzed include workers autonomy, rewarding, motivation, communication, organizational climate, organizational structure, team building, organizational processes, specialization and also clear responsibility allocation. In order to combine great results with knowledge workers satisfaction, it is necessary for managers to be well familiarized with mentioned topics and to know how to use them.
The Natural Course of Total Kidney Volume in Patients with Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease undergoing Hemodialysis
Authors: Kim Ye Na , Jung Yeonsoon , Shin Ho Sik , Rim Hark , Park Jung Gu , Lee Dong Yeol , Kim Joong Kyung
Published: January 2022

Objectives The natural course of native kidneys after hemodialysis initiation in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) remains poorly understood. Methods We measured the total volumes of native kidneys in 12 patients who had at least one enhanced computed tomography (CT) image both before and after initiation of hemodialysis (group 1) and in 18 patients who had no image before dialysis but more than two images after dialysis (group 2). In patients with images, the last image was used for analysis only after dialysis. Results The mean total kidney volume (TKV) (± SD) before hemodialysis initiation was 3132 ± 1413 mL and the mean TKV of the last image was 3047 ± 1323 mL in group 1. The mean TKV change rate (%) was −5.2 ± 27.4% ( P > 0.05) during follow-up of 3.9 ± 1.9 years in group 1. The mean TKV change rate was 2.8 ± 34.4% ( P > 0.05) in group 2. The follow-up period after dialysis initiation ranged from 4.2 ± 4.7 to 8.0 ± 5.2 years. Conclusions The results suggest that the TKV of native polycystic kidneys decreases substantially after hemodialysis initiation. This reduction occurs mainly during the early post-hemodialysis period and followed by a slow enlargement of TKV.
Spontaneous Disappearance of Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysm: A Case Report
Authors: Jeong Sang Hoon , Lee Jung Hwan , Lee Tae Hong , Choi Chang Hwa
Published: January 2022

Spontaneous resolution or thrombosis of giant or ruptured intracranial aneurysms is occasionally reported. However, spontaneous resolution of unruptured aneurysms without any intervention is extremely rare. Recently, we encountered a case of spontaneous resolution of a small unruptured aneurysm of the anterior communicating artery. We describe this rare case and discuss the mechanism of resolution with a review of the related literature.
Removal of Large Urinary Stone Using Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in a Patient with Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Park Young Joo , Baek Dong Hoon , Kwak Young Min , Park Yong Bo , Joo Dong Chan , Ha Tae Kyung , Kim Da Mi , Song Geun Am
Published: January 2022

Extraintestinal manifestation (EIM) of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is approximately 36%. Of genitourinary complications as an EIM of Crohn’s disease (CD), nephrolithiasis is the most common urinary complication in patients with CD. CD patients have been shown to have decreased urinary volume, pH, magnesium, and excretion of citrate, all of which are significant risk factors for nephrolithiasis. Genitourinary complications often occur in case of a severe longstanding disease and are associated with, the activity of bowel disease, especially in those who have undergone bowel surgery. As uncontrolled nephrolithiasis could impair renal function as well as adversely affect quality of life, proper monitoring, early detection, and prevention of the occurrence of urologic complications in CD is crucial. Few data are available about urolithiasis in patients with CD. Herein we report a case of a successful removal of a 2.7 cm calcium oxalate stone using percutaneous nephrolithotomy from a patient with long-standing CD with a previous surgery for small intestinal and colonic stricture.
Predominant Myofibrillar Pathology with Preserved Sarcolemmal Aquaporin 4 Immunoreactivity in a Patient with Neuromyelitis Optica-Associated HyperCKemia
Authors: Huh So-Young , Shin Jin-Hong , Park Yeong-Eun , Kim Ho Jin , Kim Dae-Seong
Published: January 2022

A 49-year-old man developed recurrent myalgia and hyperCKemia during acute attacks of neuromyelitis optica. Muscle biopsy was performed, and the pathological findings were analyzed. Predominant myofibrillar pathology was observed, which constitutes a unique finding that has not been reported before. This case result shows that neuromyelitis optica-associated hyperCKemia can produce variable pathologic phenotypes. Further studies are needed to elucidate the relationship between myofibril destruction and aquaporin 4 autoimmunity.
La profession enseignante en France
Authors: Lang Vincent
Published: January 2022

Après avoir rappelé les caractéristiques sociographiques des corps enseignants en France et les principales transformations de l’appareil éducatif et du contexte sociétal de l’exercice professionnel, on examine d’abord les évolutions des conditions de recrutement et les transformations des formations initiales du groupe professionnel en s’interrogeant sur ce qu’elles mettent en cause des statuts et professionnalités anciennes. Si d’autre part les enquêtes montrent, à un niveau général, une stabilité des pratiques professionnelles, les approches de type ethnographique révèlent la complexité des adaptations aux conditions locales d’exercice et la diversité des mobilisations professionnelles. S’il y a permanence de la mission d’enseignement, on observe un éclatement de l’unité postulée des corps enseignants, accompagnée d’un travail de réélaboration du sens du métier, travail dont la temporalité est en décalage par rapport aux transformations de la scolarisation et aux attentes de l’institution. Qui sont les enseignants en France aujourd’hui? Héritiers d’une longue tradition, sont-ils porteurs des cultures professionnelles et des valeurs qui les ont socialement constituées dans le passé? Le développement d’une scolarité longue, les mutations du public scolarisé, les transformations des rapports sociaux, des conditions de vie, de l’accès à l’information ou les incertitudes quant aux valeurs éducatives ont nécessairement des effets sur l’exercice professionnel et les manières d’être au métier. On se demandera ici essentiellement comment comprendre une apparente stabilité des pratiques et des identités professionnelles, vite assimilée à l’immobilisme d’un groupe protégé, alors que celui-ci a vu sa composition transformée, ses conditions d’exercice bouleversées, ses missions redéfinies.
Les défis de l’enseignement en milieu francophone minoritaire
Authors: Gérin-Lajoie Diane
Published: January 2022

L’article qui suit se veut une réflexion sur les défis que doivent relever les enseignantes et les enseignants qui travaillent dans les écoles canadiennes de langue maternelle française, à l’extérieur du Québec. En faisant directement référence à la situation qui prévaut en Ontario, la question de l’enseignement en milieu francophone minoritaire sera traitée sous deux angles particuliers : celui du rôle de l’école comme agent de reproduction linguistique et culturelle et de la place qu’occupe le personnel enseignant dans ce processus; de même que sous celui de la différenciation à laquelle fait face le personnel enseignant dans son travail quotidien. En ce qui concerne cette différenciation, une attention particulière sera portée à la fragmentation des langues et des cultures, phénomène de plus en plus présent dans les écoles franco-ontariennes et sur la façon dont le personnel enseignant compose avec cette nouvelle réalité. La présente réflexion se fonde sur le discours de membres du personnel enseignant ayant participé à trois études effectuées au cours des dernières années en Ontario. Ces études ont porté en grande partie sur la façon dont ces derniers conçoivent leur travail, sur leurs besoins et sur les mesures d’appui qu’il serait souhaitable de leur fournir dans leur travail quotidien. Certaines de ces mesures seront d’ailleurs examinées dans la dernière section du présent article.
Les ruines de plastique. Luna-Park d’Elsa Triolet
Authors: Bouliane Claudia
Published: January 2022

Cet article suit une trame narrative secondaire de Luna-Park d’Elsa Triolet : la découverte d’un camping de luxe en ruine par un cinéaste en vacances, qui s’emploie à en retracer la création puis la chute. Lorsqu’on en noue les fils, son enquête révèle la domination de l’empire du plastique sur la France moderne, que sous-tend l’activité impérialiste d’extraction de pétrole à l’étranger. L’analyse met en valeur la portée critique de ce roman d’anticipation à la structure complexe, laquelle montre les ramifications de luttes opposant puissances capitalistes et populations insoumises.
Lincoln à la foire. George Saunders et la nouvelle de parc à thème
Authors: Asselin Pierre-Marc
Published: January 2022

De nombreuses nouvelles de l’écrivain américain George Saunders ont pour cadre un
parc à thème. À travers l’analyse sociocritique de deux nouvelles tirées de son premier
recueil, Grandeur et décadence d’un parc d’attractions, cet article explore les
codes du genre et souligne comment la fiction autoréflexive donne un éclairage particulier à
l’héritage de la guerre civile américaine.
Enseignement par tâche en milieu d’immigration francophone au Canada : pratiques déclarées et perceptions des enseignants de français langue seconde
Authors: Jezak Monika , de Haan Russell
Published: January 2022

Dans cet article, nous abordons la question des pratiques et des perceptions relatives au choix de la langue d’enseignement dans l’approche par tâche, telles que rapportées dans un sondage administré à un groupe de 22 enseignants de français langue seconde (FLS) oeuvrant auprès d’immigrants adultes en voie d’intégration aux communautés francophones minoritaires au Canada, hors Québec. Dans ce contexte, la majorité des cours de FLS s’appuient sur le référentiel Niveaux de compétence linguistique canadiens (NCLC) (Immigration, Réfugiés et Citoyenneté Canada, 2011). Celui-ci propose l’approche pédagogique par tâche qui tient compte des besoins des apprenants, de l’authenticité et du contexte d’intégration. Il suggère également de recourir uniquement au français en salle de classe. Les résultats de cette étude indiquent que les enseignants, tout en étant à l’aise avec la pédagogie par tâche des NCLC, peinent pourtant à concilier la réalité bilingue en dehors de la classe et l’exclusivité du français en salle de classe.
Les jumelages interculturels en classe de FLS : des tâches et des contextes pour des tâches
Authors: Lamoureux Karine , Deraîche Myra
Published: January 2022

Le manque de contacts entre les adultes immigrants apprenant le français langue seconde (FLS) et les francophones n’est favorable ni à l’intégration des immigrants dans la société, ni au développement de leur compétence communicative en FLS. Les jumelages interculturels sont des activités d’apprentissage qui peuvent répondre aux besoins des apprenants dans ce contexte. S’appuyant sur des publications récentes et sur l’expérience des auteures en matière de jumelages interculturels, cet article examine différentes modalités selon lesquelles jumelages et tâches peuvent s’articuler dans un cours de FLS. D’une part, les jumelages interculturels sont souvent considérés par les enseignants comme des tâches en soi. D’autre part, ils peuvent offrir des contextes sociaux pour réaliser des tâches pédagogiques ou encore des projets collectifs. Les pistes et les exemples présentés dans cet article pourront aider les enseignants de FLS à planifier des jumelages riches en apprentissages langagiers et interculturels.
Speaking Out: Introductory
Authors: Ikey Olivia
Published: January 2022

Conference retranscription « Living in Northern Quebec: Issues and Challenges of Appropriate and Meaningful Living Environments for Inuit Communities”, Special session “LINQ’s Day-Long Special Session1”,Inuit Studies Conference 20192. October 3, 2019, Université du Québec à Montréal.
Réflexions pour une architecture significative : Univers symbolique et matériel de la maison chez les Inuit du Nunavik (Note de recherche)
Authors: Bayle Myrtille
Published: January 2022

La relation qu’entretiennent les habitants Inuit du Nunavik avec leur habitation a fortement évolué avec la sédentarisation et l’arrivée de la production du logement gérée par l’État. Le lien entre la forme de la maison et la vie sociale s’est perdu à la faveur d’une standardisation du logement qui laisse peu de place à l’intégration des pratiques locales et des valeurs culturelles des habitants. Ainsi, dans un contexte où la relation entre les habitants et leurs logements est marquée par un fossé entre l’espace conçu par les autorités et l’espace perçu et vécu par les habitants, comment favoriser l’intégration des significations symboliques et des qualités essentielles de l’habiter inuit afin de contribuer à concevoir une architecture significative pour les habitants ? Cet article présente les résultats préliminaires d’une revue de littérature qui vise à répertorier les valeurs culturelles, les pratiques et les définitions inuit de l’habiter, ainsi que les attentes des habitants en termes de qualités architecturales et d’expérience. À travers la littérature analysée, la maison comme représentation symbolique se présente comme un morceau d’univers qui fait partie denuna, la terre habitée par les Inuit et qui témoigne de l’appartenance collective au territoire. La maison se définit également comme un corps protecteur et un point d’ancrage qui participe à l’élaboration de l’identité et des valeurs socio-culturelles du groupe. C’est un espace social qui se déploie comme un espace collectif, ouvert à tous, et qui se définit avant tout par les relations sociales. Cette analyse de la maison confirme la confrontation d’une pratique nomade de l’espace dans un environnement sédentaire et met également en évidence l’importance de favoriser l’intégration de l’habitant dans la production de son habitation.
La transformation des territoires nordiques urbanisés : Étude de la forme et des traits distinctifs des villages inuit du Nunavik
Authors: Rochette Maxime
Published: January 2022

Cet article s’intéresse à la forme de l’environnement bâti des villages inuit du Nunavik qui résulte d’un processus d’urbanisation relativement récent. Il s’agit de comprendre comment le cadre bâti de ces villages s’est transformé, dans le temps et dans l’espace, depuis leur fondation jusqu’à aujourd’hui. Comment ces environnements se sont-ils adaptés aux contraintes territoriales, climatiques et aux aspirations culturelles de ses habitants ? À partir de cartes géographiques, de photographies aériennes, de plans d’aménagement, de textes relatant l’occupation du territoire et de photographies historiques et récentes, l’auteur fait l’analyse morphologique des 14 villages inuit, c’est-à-dire une caractérisation des formes paysagères et bâties actuelles (analyse synchronique). Différentes variables d’ordre formel, dimensionnel, d’usage et de position relative sont examinées pour révéler trois types d’établissements avec des variantes : en grappes, linéaires et en bloc. Une morphogenèse (analyse diachronique) des villages de Kuujjuaq et d’Inukjuak, deux types portants, permet de caractériser et de comprendre l’évolution de la forme de ces établissements dans le temps. En tenant compte de facteurs historiques, politiques et culturels, cette partie de l’analyse fait ressortir des structures de permanence et des marqueurs culturels symboliques. Une discussion sur la pertinence de la typomorphologie comme méthode de lecture des milieux bâtis nordiques et autochtones ouvre la conclusion qui aborde aussi le développement en contexte inuit.
“A Sense of Seal” in Greenland: Kalaallit Seal Pluralities and Anti-Sealing Contentions
Authors: Graugaard Naja Dyrendom
Published: January 2022

This article questions the conceptual terms upon which Inuit hunting practices are deemed acceptable in current international seal regimes. Specifically, the article examines how Kalaallit–seal relations in Greenland unsettle Euro-American seal regimes. It argues that the current narratives of Inuit seal hunting as a “sustainable, subsistence” practice (e.g., European Commission 2016) risk coopting Indigenous worldviews to suit Western interpretations. While narratives of sustainability and subsistence may soothe European anti-sealing sentiments, they may not resonate with Inuit knowledges and practices. By engaging with fieldwork interviews with hunters in Greenland, this article suggests that Kalaallit ways of sensing, knowing, and engaging with seals reflect reciprocal, as well as complex, human–animal relations. Utilizing Métis/otipemisiw scholar Zoe Todd’s analytical framework of “fish pluralities” (2014), the article considers how seals may exist in Greenland in a “plurality of ways” that extend beyond a simple needs-based use of a natural resource
Data sovereignty and national security in China’s legal system (based on the dispute over the share allotment of the company “DiDi Taxi” on the New York Stock Exchange
Authors: Gao Yui
Published: January 2022

This article analyzes the modern concepts of data sovereignty, as well as the corresponding issues of their practical application. Based on the example of China as the country with the largest in the world number of Internet users and developed economy, description and critical assessment is given to the existing approaches towards data sovereignty, taking into account the international law experience. The conclusions acquired in the course of theoretical analysis are proven on the case of the company “DiDi Taxi”, the share allotment of which on the New York Stock Exchange has been terminated due to posing risks to the information sovereignty of the People's Republic of China. It is established that the modern concepts of “data sovereignty” are based on application of the methodology of previously existing branches of legal science on the storage, processing and transmission of data; therefore, the explanations developed on their basis cannot be acknowledged as universal and fully meeting the specificity of the object of regulation. Based on the case of “DiDi Taxi”, the author formulates the objective criteria that may underlie the restriction of the right of the company to freely use the following data: number of users, scope of data, and possibility of their preliminary verification). Special attention is given to the problems associated with the attempts of the United States to revise the principle of determination of the state jurisdiction of data, which has established in the international practice, based on the principle of data localization. It is noted that the establishment of such regulation is unacceptable and may lead to political and economic conflicts in the future. The obtained results give an adequate perspective on the current concept of data sovereignty and the related issues, thereby drawing the interest of law enforcement agencies and scholars dealing with the national security issues.
La ville comme espace d’identités multiples dans Surtout ne te retourne pas de Maïssa Bey
Authors: Benzid Aziza , Moustiri Zineb
Published: January 2022

This paper aims to analyze the extent to which Maïssa Bey in her novel Surtout ne te retourne pas features actual events relating to the earthquake that shook the city of Boumerdes in 2003. She describes its tragic implications for the protagonist of the story, who seeks to find her identity in a city reeling from a natural disaster. In this sense, the paper investigates the novel in terms of a quest for both a lost Boumerdes and the urban identity of the protagonist herself.
„Mordercy? To byli ci z SS.” O micie niewinnego Wehrmachtu na marginesie powieści Ulli Hahn Unscharfe Bilder (,Nieostre zdjęcia’, 2003)
Authors: Daroch Magdalena
Published: January 2022

This article looks at the idea of the “Clean Wehrmacht”, as opposed to the SS, who were implicated in the mass executions of Jews and other civilians in the East. This narrative is proven wrong in Ulla Hahn’s Unscharfe Bilder wherein an exhibition on the Wehrmacht exposes the crimes of its soldiers. The main protagonist in Ulla Hahn’s novel Unscharfe Bilder recognizes in one of the photos a character strikingly similar to her father, and so she starts questioning him about his past. He insists that the Wehrmacht was a regular German army and tries to put individual cases into perspective. It turns out that the historical of the Wehrmacht is not so clear.
De la recension à l’identification de l’autographe du Ragionamento di Domenico Sauli a Francesco suo figliuolo nel quale si narrano alcuni particolari avenimenti della vita sua
Authors: Fina Ludovic
Published: January 2022

In 1541, Domenico Sauli, a member of an important family of Genoese merchants and bankers which flourished in the 15th and 16th centuries, is accused of financial embezzlement. To defend himself, Sauli writes his memoirs traditionally entitled Ragionamento di Domenico Sauli a Francesco suo figliuolo nel quale si narrano alcuni particolari avenimenti della vita sua. The article aims to identify the autograph of Domenico Sauli by the study of his handwriting. The identification is based on all the available manuscripts which encompass two versions of the text.
High performance laminated FEP/PTFE piezoelectret films for air-borne sound transducers
Authors: An Zhi-Hong , Huang Lin-Min , Zhao Jin-Bo , Hu Qian-Qian , Sun Zhuan-Lan , Zheng Huan , Zhang Xiao-Qing ,   Laboratory of Low Frequency Electromagnetic Communication Technology, 722 Research Institute, China State Shipbuilding Corporation Limited, Wuhan 430205, China,   Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
Published: January 2022

Piezoelectret (also known as ferroelectret) is a kind of cellular electret material with strong piezoelectric effect. Such a material exhibits flexibility, low density and small acoustic impedance. Therefore, piezoelectret is an ideal material for air-borne flexible sound transducers. Aiming at high-sensitivity and thermal-stability sound transducers, in this work, laminated fluorinated polyethylene propylene (FEP) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) piezoelectret film with a regular cellular microstructure is prepared by a procedure involving template-based cellular structure formation and polarization. The results show that the characteristic acoustic impedance of such a laminated FEP/PTFE film is 0.02 MRayl. The quasi-static piezoelectric charge coefficient d33 up to 800 pC/N is achieved in a small applied pressure range. The maximum value of sensitivity of the microphones based on laminated FEP/PTFE piezoelectrets film can reach to 6.4 mV/Pa at 1 kHz. Besides, the frequency response curve of the device is flat in the whole audio range. For an ultrasonic transmitter with a diameter of 20 mm, driven by a voltage of 600 V (Vp), the sound pressure level (SPL) generated by it increases from 80 to 90 dB (Ref. 20 µPA) as frequency increases from 40 to 80 kHz. The thermal stability of the sensitivity for the transducers made of such a laminated FEP/PTFE piezoelectret film is much superior to that of polypropylene (PP) piezoelectret based device. The sensitivity of the present device remains 26% of the initial value after being annealed at 125 ℃ for 211 h. The improvement of thermal stability is attributed to the excellent space charge storage stability of FEP and PTFE.
The role of software in science: a knowledge graph-based analysis of software mentions in PubMed Central
Authors: Schindler David , Bensmann Felix , Dietze Stefan , Krüger Frank
Published: January 2022

Science across all disciplines has become increasingly data-driven, leading to additional needs with respect to software for collecting, processing and analysing data. Thus, transparency about software used as part of the scientific process is crucial to understand provenance of individual research data and insights, is a prerequisite for reproducibility and can enable macro-analysis of the evolution of scientific methods over time. However, missing rigor in software citation practices renders the automated detection and disambiguation of software mentions a challenging problem. In this work, we provide a large-scale analysis of software usage and citation practices facilitated through an unprecedented knowledge graph of software mentions and affiliated metadata generated through supervised information extraction models trained on a unique gold standard corpus and applied to more than 3 million scientific articles. Our information extraction approach distinguishes different types of software and mentions, disambiguates mentions and outperforms the state-of-the-art significantly, leading to the most comprehensive corpus of 11.8 M software mentions that are described through a knowledge graph consisting of more than 300 M triples. Our analysis provides insights into the evolution of software usage and citation patterns across various fields, ranks of journals, and impact of publications. Whereas, to the best of our knowledge, this is the most comprehensive analysis of software use and citation at the time, all data and models are shared publicly to facilitate further research into scientific use and citation of software.
Clinical and behavioral correlates in adult methamphetamine users with childhood exposure to household drug and alcohol use
Authors: Rattanasumawong Wanida , Malison Robert T. , Gelernter Joel , Nunez Yaira , Kalayasiri Rasmon
Published: January 2022

Aims: To describe and compare methamphetamine (MA) users with and without a family history of alcohol or drug () use in the household.

Design:  A total of 1144 Thai-speaking MA users in Thailand were recruited for a cohort study. Cross-sectional baseline data were analyzed according to their exposure to FAOD use (FAOD+/FAOD-). The Semi-Structured Assessment for Drug Dependence and Alcoholism (SSADDA) was utilized to collect baseline socio-demographic information and variables known to be associated with the impact of FAOD use.

Findings:  FAOD+ participants had lower average years of education (p<0.01), fewer average months of employment in the past year (p<0.01) and reported higher rates of self-harm experience (p<0.001), gambling (p=0.018) and antisocial personality disorder  (p=0.015). FAOD+ participants had more severe clinical, adverse consequences. FAOD+ significantly predicted episodes of lifetime MA use (R2 =0.004,  p=0.032), the largest number of drinks ever had in a 24-hour period (R2 =0.01, p=0.001), paranoid experiences ([OR]=1.090, p=0.004), alcohol dependence ([OR]=1.112, p=0.001) and antisocial personality disorder ([OR]=1.139, p=0.015). FAOD+ participants who were exposed to alcohol only were more likely to report a significantly higher number of drinks ever had in a 24-hour periods (p<0.005). Similarly, FAOD+ participants who were exposed to MA use only were significantly more likely to report more frequent use of MA (p<0.005).

Conclusions:  FAOD+ participants were characterized by a generally more severe clinical presentation than FAOD- participants. Moreover, we show the specificity of drug type mattered, with family exposure of alcohol and MA associated with greater subsequent use of the respective drugs.
Aspirin damages the cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae by inhibiting the expression and activity of dolichol‐phosphate mannose synthase 1
Authors: Li Ming , Zhu Pan , Huang Zhiwei , Huang Yunxia , Lv Xiaoguang , Zheng Qiaoqiao , Zhu Ziting , Fan Zheyu , Yang Youjun , Shi Ping
Published: January 2022

Aspirin is a commonly used anti‐inflammatory, analgesic and antithrombotic drug. It has attracted attention due to its potential antifungal therapeutic effect; however, the molecular mechanism is poorly understood. Here, the effects of aspirin on the cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were explored. We observed by scanning electron microscopy that aspirin could damage the cell wall ultrastructure. Meanwhile, a cellular surface hydrophobicity (CSH) assay showed that aspirin increased the hydrophobicity of the yeast cell surface. A drug sensitivity assay indicated that the overexpression of dolichol phosphate mannose synthase 1 (DPM1) reversed the cell wall damage and decreased the CSH induced by aspirin. Importantly, aspirin decreased the expression and enzyme activity of DPM1 in S. cerevisiae. Molecular docking results demonstrated that aspirin could directly bind to the Ser141 site of DPM1. Similarly, we found that aspirin damaged the cell wall and inhibited the expression of DPM1 in Candida albicans. These findings improve the current understanding of the action mode of aspirin and provide new strategies for antifungal drug design.
A Temperature‐Based Easy‐Separable (TempEasy) 3D Hydrogel Coculture System
Authors: Zhang Zhaobao , Chen Wen , Tiemessen Dorien M. , Oosterwijk Egbert , Kouwer Paul H. J.
Published: January 2022

Interactions between different cell types are crucial for their behavior in tissues, but are rarely considered in 3D in vitro cell culture experiments. One reason is that such coculture experiments are sometimes difficult to perform in 3D or require specialized equipment or know‐how. Here, a new 3D cell coculture system is introduced, TempEasy, which is readily applied in any cell culture lab. The matrix material is based on polyisocyanide hydrogels, which closely resemble the mechanical characteristics of the natural extracellular matrix. Gels with different gelation temperatures, seeded with different cells, are placed on top of each other to form an indirect coculture. Cooling reverses gelation, allowing cell harvesting from each layer separately, which benefits downstream analysis. To demonstrate the potential of TempEasy , human adipose stem cells (hADSCs) with vaginal epithelial fibroblasts are cocultured. The analysis of a 7‐day coculture shows that hADSCs promote cell–cell interaction of fibroblasts, while fibroblasts promote proliferation and differentiation of hADSCs. TempEasy provides a straightforward operational platform for indirect cocultures of cells of different lineages in well‐defined microenvironments.
Segregated Array Tailoring Charge‐Transfer Degree of Organic Cocrystal for the Efficient Near‐Infrared Emission beyond 760 nm
Authors: Zhuo Ming‐Peng , Yuan Yi , Su Yang , Chen Song , Chen Ye‐Tao , Feng Zi‐Qi , Qu Yang‐Kun , Li Ming‐De , Li Yang , Hu Bing‐Wen , Wang Xue‐Dong , Liao Liang‐Sheng
Published: January 2022

Harvesting the narrow bandgap excitons of charge‐transfer (CT) complexes for the achievement of near‐infrared (NIR) emission has attracted intensive attention for its fundamental importance and practical application. Herein, the triphenylene (TP)‐2,3,5,6‐tetrafluoro‐7,7,8,8‐tetracyanoquinodimethane (F4TCNQ) CT organic complex is designed and fabricated via the supramolecular self‐assembly process, which demonstrates the NIR emission with a maximum peak of 770 nm and a photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 5.4%. The segregated stacking mode of TP‐F4TCNQ CT complex based on the multiple types of intermolecular interaction has a low CT degree of 0.00103 and a small counter pitch angle of 40° between F4TCNQ and TP molecules, which breaks the forbidden electronic transitions of CT state, resulting in the effective NIR emission. Acting as the promising candidates for the active optical waveguide in the NIR region beyond 760 nm, the self‐assembled TP‐F4TCNQ single‐crystalline organic microwires display an ultralow optical‐loss coefficient of 0.060 dB µm−1. This work holds considerable insights for the exploration of novel NIR‐emissive organic materials via an universal “cocrystal engineering” strategy.
Multilayer WSe2/MoS2 Heterojunction Phototransistors through Periodically Arrayed Nanopore Structures for Bandgap Engineering
Authors: Jeong Min‐Hye , Ra Hyun‐Soo , Lee Sang‐Hyeon , Kwak Do‐Hyun , Ahn Jongtae , Yun Won Seok , Lee JaeDong , Chae Weon‐Sik , Hwang Do Kyung , Lee Jong‐Soo
Published: January 2022

While 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are promising building blocks for various optoelectronic applications, limitations remain for multilayered TMD‐based photodetectors: an indirect bandgap and a short carrier lifetime by strongly bound excitons. Accordingly, multilayered TMDs with a direct bandgap and an enhanced carrier lifetime are required for the development of various optoelectronic devices. Here, periodically arrayed nanopore structures (PANS) are proposed for improving the efficiency of multilayered p‐WSe2/n‐MoS2 phototransistors. Density functional theory calculations as well as photoluminescence and time‐resolved photoluminescence measurements are performed to characterize the photodetector figures of merit of multilayered p‐WSe2/n‐MoS2 heterostructures with PANS. The characteristics of the heterojunction devices with PANS reveal an enhanced responsivity and detectivity measured under 405 nm laser excitation, which at 1.7 × 104 A W−1 and 1.7 × 1013 Jones are almost two orders of magnitude higher than those of pristine devices, 3.6 × 102 A W−1 and 3.6 × 1011 Jones, respectively. Such enhanced optical properties of WSe2/MoS2 heterojunctions with PANS represent a significant step toward next‐generation optoelectronic applications.
Multiple Responsive CPL Switches in an Enantiomeric Pair of Perovskite Confined in Lanthanide MOFs
Authors: Zhang Chong , Li Zhong‐Shan , Dong Xi‐Yan , Niu Yun‐Yin , Zang Shuang‐Quan
Published: January 2022

Circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) switches have attracted widespread attention due to their potential applications in advanced information technologies. However, the design and fabrication of solid‐state multiple‐responsive CPL switches remain challenging. Here, through self‐assembly of chiral metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) and perovskite nanocrystals (NCs), a pair of crystalline enantiomeric (P)‐(+)/(M)‐(−)‐EuMOF⊃MAPbX3 (MA = CH3NH3+, X = Cl−, Br−, I−) adducts is prepared, where the achiral MAPbBr3 perovskite NCs embedded into chiral MOFs inherit the chirality of host MOFs by host‐guest EuBr and PbO coordination bonds, which is demonstrated by synchrotron‐radiation‐based X‐ray absorption spectroscopy. The chiral adducts show enhanced photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY), good thermal stability of CPL in air, and photoswitchable CPL properties upon altering different UV irradiation. Based on two chiral emission centers and their different characteristics, reversible CPL switches are realized upon a diversity of external stimuli, for example, chemicals (water /CH3NH3Br solution) or temperatures (room temperature/high temperature). Benefiting from the extraordinary stimuli‐responsive and highly reversible switchable CPL, multiple information encryptions and decryptions integrated with CPL, together with a chiroptical logic gate are successfully designed. This work opens a new avenue to generally fabricate solid‐state CPL composite materials and develops new applications based on switchable CPL.