bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterization and utilization ofSargassum linifoliumandStypopodium schimperipolysaccharides as blue inhibitors for steel electo-polishing
Authors: El-Sayed Abeer A. M. , Abouzeid F. M. , Ismail Mona M. , ElZokm Gehan M.
Published: December 2020

Different polysaccharide extracts (crude polysaccharide, fucoidan and alginate) from Sargassum linifolium and Stypopodium schimperi were examined as inhibitors of the carbon steel anodic dissolution process in 8 M phosphoric acid. The anode potential and limiting current relationship was measured and compared for gradually increasing algae extract concentrations (from 20 to 350 ppm). The limiting current decreases while inhibition efficiency (%) increases as the concentrations of all these extracts increase. Fucoidan from S. linifolium is considered to have the most retardation effect. The extracts' retardation mechanism is depending on the adsorption process at the steel metal, which was proved by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Also, SEM shows that high concentration (350 ppm) of Stypopodium schimperi crude polysaccharide, Sargassum linifolium fucoidan and Stypopodium schimperi alginate extracts have promising effect on the surface texture. The data of Langmuir and the kinetic–thermodynamic isotherms were determined to clarify the nature of adsorption of extract on the metal–solution interface. The activation energy and activation parameters (changes in enthalpy, entropy and Gibbs free energy) were determined and gave indication for strong interaction between the inhibitor and the steel surface. The extract features were investigated via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The polysaccharides from the brown algae, especially fucoidan, manifest potential as a natural electro-polishing blue inhibitor. Surface morphology study confirmed that addition of algae extract to a steel dissolution bath enhanced the surface appearance and its texture quality to great extent.
New humanism or posthumanism? Ethical and legal aspects of the legalisation of euthanasia in the world in the years 2000-2015
Authors: Kobyliński Andrzej
Published: December 2020

The main aim of this article is to outline the discussion on euthanasia that affects the basic aspects of human life – the foundation of human dignity, sense of pain and suffering, the conception of the afterlife, quality and value of life, etc. All the indications are that the process of the legalisation of euthanasia will develop in the coming decades. Today we need a new paradigm of bioethics, built on the basis of a new humanism, which will allow us to adequately analyse such phenomena as death, suffering and dying. The new paradigm of bioethics can be an effective tool in the dispute over the death on request.
Praxeological conditioning of the decision-making process in environmental protection
Authors: Embros Grzegorz
Published: December 2020

In the paper, the author attempts to identify the components and a course of the decision-making process in the area of environmental protection. Simultaneously, he pays attention to its conditions and context. The issues related to environmental protection are presented in a systemic approach with an emphasis on their practical nature. It is due to the necessity of decision making and a specific scheme of conduct. The author constructs such a scheme referring to a control system (in the context of a decision-making problems-solving) proposed by Marian Mazur and presented in the Deming cycle. At the same time, he points to the guidelines and characters of the efficient operation, whereby the broadly understood decision-making process becomes more efficient and more effective. He also pays special attention to the optimization stage including the selection of a precise (the most efficient and the most effective) action meaning a decision. The choice mentioned entails necessity of including certain criteria. Thus, it is disclosed that a decision-making process depends on the defined set of values.
The impact of revitalization treatments on biological activity of soil under afforestation on post-agricultural land
Authors: Augustyniuk-Kram Anna , Kram Karol J.
Published: December 2020

In Poland, afforestation is usually carried out on the weakest soils, excluded from agricultural use and wasteland, i.e. post-agricultural land. A characteristic feature of such habitat is poor-quality soil, relatively high content of nutrients for trees, particularly nitrogen, as well as a low level of humus. This is important for the quality of microbiological processes occurring in post-agricultural soils. Restitution of the forest in such a habitat requires the use of various revitalisation treatments for improving soil quality and increasing biological activity and soil fertility. This article presents the results of a long-term experiment on the effectiveness of various revitalisation treatments (zoo- and phytomelioration) on afforested post-agricultural lands after more than 30 years from their application in pine forests in north-western Poland. These treatments consisted of introducing additional organic matter into the soil in the form of bark and sawdust, sowing lupine and introducing soil fauna. The comparative area for afforestation on post-agricultural soils in the presented experiment was the area of forest soils, located in the same habitat, in a pine stand, at the same time. Biological activity of soil was measured with the activity of soil enzymes dehydrogenases and acid phosphatase, the biomass of microorganisms was measured and the content of total dissolved carbon and nitrogen was also determined.
Influence of experimental fires on mesofauna communities (Collembola and Acari) of two types of meadows
Authors: Olejniczak Izabella , Russel Stefan , Prędecka Anna
Published: December 2020

The impact of prescribed fires in grasslands on soil mesofauna was studied in the field experiment. The study was carried out on two types of meadows: on mineral (meadow I) and organic soils (meadow II), near Warsaw (52o10’N; 20o50’E). In November 2007 sampling plots, 1 m2 in size were chosen at random and burned. Soil samples were taken just after fire and in April, July and November, 2008 to the depth of 10 cm from unburned plots (control), at the edge of fire and in burned plots. The soil mesofauna was extracted from soil samples in the Tullgren apparatus. There were not found any effects of prescribed fires on mesofauna densities. However, a slight increase of mesofauna abundance was observed on burned areas 12 months after experimental fires on the meadow I and decrease on the meadow II. Just after fire, on burned areas, only euedaphic species of Collembola were present among mites communities dominated Oribatida, with thick cuticule.
The human pressure on the middle Vistula River wildlife: the number and distribution of people and their activity on the river during the breeding season of birds
Authors: Bukaciński Dariusz , Bukacińska Monika , Mastalerz Ewelina
Published: December 2020

The study aimed to determine the distribution, numbers, and forms of human activity on the banks and in the riverbed of the middle part of the Vistula River. This section of the river is the most valuable for nature and is located between Puławy and the mouth of the Pilica River (km 373-548 of the navigation route). Censuses were conducted in May-June 2014 and 2015, the breeding season of the key species of the riverbed avifauna. The presence and different forms of human activity were recorded, including fishing, camping, water tourism, hiking, motorized tourism, and grazing animals. The frequent presence of people on the Vistula River was much greater in June than in May. In both months, the most popular form of spending time by humans in the riverbed was fishing. While in areas less valuable for birds, fishing strongly dominated, on parts of the river with key breeding habitats for birds, more aggressive forms of recreation, camping and motorized tourism (quads, motorcycles, off-road vehicles), were reported as often or even more frequently. The increasing popularity of these forms of recreation is a very serious threat to the fauna. They not only disturb the breeding birds but also physically destroy breeding habitats and nests with eggs and increase the mortality of chicks of gulls, terns, and other waders.
Total Irregularity Strengths of an Arbitrary Disjoint Union of (3,6)-
Fullerenes
Authors: Shabbir Ayesha , Nadeem Muhammad Faisal , Ovais Ali , Ashraf Faraha , Nasir Sumiya
Published: December 2020

Aims and Objective:

A fullerene graph is a mathematical model of a fullerene molecule. A fullerene molecule or
simply a fullerene is a polyhedral molecule made entirely of carbon atoms other than graphite and diamond. Chemical graph
theory is a combination of chemistry and graph theory where graph theoretical concepts used to study physical properties of
mathematically modeled chemical compounds. Graph labeling is a vital area of graph theory which has application not only
within mathematics but also in computer science, coding theory, medicine, communication networking, chemistry and in
many other fields. For example, in chemistry vertex labeling is being used in the constitution of valence isomers and
transition labeling to study chemical reaction networks.

Method and Results:

In terms of graphs vertices represent atoms while edges stand for bonds between atoms. By tvs (tes)
we mean the least positive integer for which a graph has a vertex (edge) irregular total labeling such that no two vertices
(edges) have same weights. A (3,6)-fullerene graph is a non-classical fullerene whose faces are triangles and hexagons.
Here, we study the total vertex (edge) irregularity strength of an arbitrary disjoint union of (3,6)-fullerene graphs and
providing their exact values.

Conclusion:

The lower bound for tvs (tes) depending on the number of vertices, minimum and maximum degree of a graph
exists in literature while to get different weights one can use sufficiently large numbers, but it is of no interest. Here, by
proving that the lower bound is the upper bound we close the case for (3,6)-fullerene graphs.
Coronavirus Disease 2019: Virology and Drug Targets
Authors: Krishnamurthy Praveen Thaggikuppe
Published: December 2020

:

The Coronavirus Disease 2019, a pandemic caused by novel Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2
(SARS-CoV-2), is seriously affecting global health and the economy. As the vaccine development takes time, the current research is focused on repurposing FDA approved drugs against the viral target proteins. This review discusses the current understanding of SARS-CoV-2 virology, its target structural proteins (S- glycoprotein), non-structural proteins (3-
chymotrypsin-like protease, papain-like protease, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, and helicase) and accessory proteins,
drug discovery strategies (drug repurposing, artificial intelligence, and high-throughput screening), and the current status of
antiviral drug development.
Physiology to Disease Transmission of Respiratory Tract Infection: A Narrative Review
Authors: Singh Namit Kant , Kumar Naina , Singh Amit Kant
Published: December 2020

Introduction:

In present days scenario of pandemic of COVID 19 the protective reflexes namely Sneeze and Cough
have received great importance but not in terms of protection but in terms of spread of infection. The present review tries to
bring out the correlation between the physiology of sneeze and cough taking into consideration the various receptors that
initiate the two reflexes then correlating it with the formation of expelled droplets and the significance of various aspect of
droplets that lead to the spread of infection.

Material and Methods:

For the compilation of the present review we searched the terms “Physiology of cough”, “Physiology
of sneeze”, “droplets”, “aerosols” and “Aerosols in COVID 19”. The above-mentioned terms were extensively searched on
pubmed, google scholar and google search engine and after reviewing the various available material the most significant
research has been taken into consideration for this review.

Conclusion:

Through this review we conclude that there are various factors that are responsible for the initiation of sneeze
and cough but in case of infection it is mainly the inflammatory reaction that directly stimulates the receptors to produce the
reflex outburst of air. As the flow of air during expiration is turbulent it causes damage to the Epithelial Lining Fluid present
in the respiratory conduit and also gets admixed with the saliva in the oropharynx and oral cavity and mucus in the nose to
form droplets of various sizes. Large droplets Settle close and are responsible for Droplet and Fomite transmission but the
smaller droplets remain suspended in air and travel farther distances to cause Airborne transmission. The spread of droplet
cloud in sneezing may range to 6m or more as compared to cough hence the concept of 1m to 2m of social distancing does
not hold good if the patient is sneezing.
miRNA-506-3p Directly Regulates rs10754339 (A/G) in the Immune Checkpoint Protein B7-H4 in Breast Cancer
Authors: El Din Germine Saad , Youness Rana Ahmed , Assal Reem Amr , Gad Mohamed Zakaria
Published: December 2020

Background:

B7-H4 is a novel immune checkpoint protein that negatively regulates T
cell activation and function. It is overexpressed in many malignant tumors, including Breast Cancer
(BC). It was reported that the presence of the single nucleotide polymorphism rs10754339
(A/G) within the 3' UTR of the B7-H4 gene has a great influence on the risk and progression of BC
as well as lymph node metastasis. On the other hand, mounting evidence demonstrated the potential
of miR-506-3p to be employed in the diagnosis and treatment of a wide range of human malignancies.
It is frequently down-regulated in BC despite its tumor suppressor role. Moreover, Myc,
E2F and Rb proteins are key players in cell cycle regulation. In BC, the CDK-RB-E2F axis is extensively
deregulated by several genetic mutations. Additionally, the potent proto-oncogene Myc is
highly expressed in BC.

Aim:

The main aims of the study were to investigate the potential role of miR-506-3p in the regulation
of B7-H4 SNP rs10754339 (A/G) in BC and to uncover the influence of miR-506-3p on cell
cycle and tumor progression in BC cell lines.

Methods:

This study employed different BC cell lines, including MDA-MB-231 and MCF7 cells.
Several bioinformatics analysis was performed to identify the miRNA that could potentially target
B7-H4 SNP rs10754339 (A/G). To confirm the binding Relative luciferase activity was measured
using Dual Luciferase Reporter Assay. Transfection experiments were performed using
miR-506-3p oligonucleotides using lipofection technique. Furthermore, vital cell cycle regulatory
proteins such as cMyc, Rb, and E2F were transfected into BC cells using superfect. Finally, several
functional analysis experiments were performed, such as MTT and wound healing assays.

Results:

miR-506-3p down-regulates the disease-associated rs10754339 “G” allele in B7-H4 gene.
It also inhibits cell cycle progression by simultaneously regulating important cell cycle proteins, including
RB, E2F and c-Myc. Moreover, miR-506-3p decreased cellular viability and migration capacity
of MDA-MB-231 TNBC cells and hormone receptor positive MCF-7 cells.

Conclusion:

miR-506-3p is a potential tumor suppressor miRNA in BC that has a potential role in
regulating B7-H4 SNP rs10754339 (A/G).
COVID-19: How Nuclear Medicine Can Provide A Differential Diagnosis In A Very Dubious Case
Authors: De Feo Maria Silvia , Frantellizzi Viviana , De Vincentis Giuseppe
Published: December 2020

Background:

We present the case of a 55-year-old woman, admitted to the Infectious
Disease Department of Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, in mid-March 2020, with suspicion of
COVID-19 infection.

Objective:

The rRT-PCR was negative, and the following CT scan, performed to exclude false-negative
results and help diagnosis, was inconclusive.

Methods:

It was decided to submit the patient to a 99mTc-HMPAO-labelled leukocyte scan.

Results:

This exam led to the diagnosis of infective endocarditis.

Conclusion:

In the present pandemic scenario, 99mTc-HMPAO-labelled leukocyte scan represents
a reliable imaging technique for differential diagnosis with COVID-19 in patients with confusing
clinical signs, possible false-negative rRT-PCR results, and inconclusive CT scan.
IS THE LOYALTY PROGRAM EFFECTIVE IN CREATING LOYALTY PROGRAM SATISFACTION AND STORE LOYALTY? AN EVIDENCE FROM INDONESIA RETAIL INDUSTRY
Authors:   Faculty of Economic and Business, Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia, Hendrawan Dimas , Anggraeni Rila ,   Faculty of Economic and Business, Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia
Published: December 2020

Retailers must find specific ways to be able to continue to maintain their business with changes in consumer behavior. Some retailers use a loyalty program as their marketing strategy that provides certain additional benefits for frequent consumers. The objective of this work is to verify the effect of the loyalty program and loyalty program satisfaction on store loyalty. The data was collected through questionnaires from 150 respondents. The results reflected that loyalty programs significantly influence loyalty program satisfaction. Loyalty program satisfaction significantly influences store loyalty. The loyalty program is not directly related to storing loyalty. Loyalty program satisfaction mediates the effect of a loyalty program on store loyalty. The study highlights the importance of loyalty program satisfaction in the connection of loyalty program and store loyalty. To gain a loyal consumer, the retailer should improve the exclusivity and the attractiveness of the program. A useful and valuable reward will improve customer retention.
THE ROLE OF THE TOURIST INFORMATION CENTER (TIC) OF SOEKARNO HATTA AIRPORT IN THE CHOICE OF TOURIST DESTINATIONS BASED ON TOURIST CHARACTERISTICS AND SERVICES
Authors:   Faculty of Economic Management, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Setiawan Agung , M. Munandar Jono ,   Department of Management, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Sarma Ma’mun ,   Department of Management, Institut Pertanian Bogor
Published: December 2020

Tourist destination information is an important element in tourism promotion and marketing. The need for tourism facilities that can respond to problems related to the availability of tourism information and at the same time play a role in tourism promotion and marketing activities of a tourist destination requires the presence of a Tourism Information Center/TIC. Tourist Information Center (TIC) activities are service activities with the core being the delivery of tourist information. This research is exploring the three previous research conducted by Brady Cronin (2001), Gronroos (2000), and King (1987), which aims to investigate the optimization of TIC services. Sampling in this study was 175 respondents. Data processing uses SPSS and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) AMOS 24. Service users were predominantly male, with an age range of 26-35 years, and the majority of undergraduate education, occupational status was dominated by private employees. While natural wonders become the main choice of tourists and the length of stay between 8-14 days. The main purpose of tourists visiting the TIC to get tourism information and transportation information. Whereas the tourist objects most favored by tourists are natural wonders and adventure wonders. Furthermore, the results of TIC service analysis show that physical environment quality, interaction quality, outcome quality affect service user satisfaction, while E-Technology quality does not affect service user satisfaction.
TRUST AND PERCEIVED BENEFIT AS ANTECEDENTS OF REUSE INTENTION IN MOBILE PAYMENT SERVICES
Authors:   Master Program of Management, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Brawijaya, Putri Narahdita Ajeng , Aisjah Siti ,   Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Brawijaya, Kusniyah Nur ,   Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Brawijaya
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze the direct and indirect relations between trust, perceived benefit, perceived risk, and reuse intention. The population of this research is to graduate students who have used Go-pay. Using a purposive sampling method with a nonprobability sampling technique, 177 people were selected as respondents. Research findings show that the trust had an influence directly against the perceived benefit, perceived risk, and reuse intention. Furthermore, the perceived benefit directly influence reuse intention. Besides, this research confirmed that the perceived benefits partially mediate the relationship of trust in the intention of reuse. Nevertheless, the perceived risk does not influence reuse intention.
ACCURACY LEVEL OF CAPM AND APT MODELS IN DETERMINING THE EXPECTED RETURN OF STOCK LISTED ON LQ45 INDEX
Authors:   Telkom University, Yunita Irni , Tri Kartika Gustyana Tieka ,   Telkom University, Kurniawan Dwi ,   Telkom University
Published: December 2020

This study determines the accuracy level of CAPM and APT in determining the expected return of LQ45 and comparing the expected return from CAPM and APT models. This study uses descriptive and comparative research approaches. The population is all stocks listed in the LQ45 index while the sampling method used is purposive sampling with stock criteria that have complete data for the period November 2015 - November 2019. This study uses an independent sample t-test in testing the expected return differences between the CAPM and APT models. The result showed that the CAPM Model was more accurate in determining the expected return of LQ45 stocks compared to the CAPM method. The result also showed that there was a significant difference in expected return between CAPM and APT models. Based on this result, investors can use the CAPM model in predicting the returns of the stock listed on the LQ45. For further research, can use another index in the capital market as a research object, used a longer period to get a more accurate result, and add some more macro variables.
BENEFITS AND CHALLENGES OF DMAIC METHODOLOGY IMPLEMENTATION IN SERVICE COMPANIES: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY
Authors:   Department of Business, School of Business and Economics, Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Evander Subagyo Ivan , Saraswati Dewi ,   Department of Business, School of Business and Economics, Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Trilaksono Teddy ,   Department of Business, School of Business and Economics, Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Setiawan Kusmulyono Muhammad ,   Department of Business, School of Business and Economics, Universitas Prasetiya Mulya
Published: December 2020

The DMAIC (Define, Measurement Analyze, Improve, Control) methodology of Six Sigma has been widely recognized as a breakthrough process improvement strategy for application among human resources that offers an impressive reduction in defects or errors in many business processes. Even though Six Sigma’s DMAIC was predominantly applied in the manufacturing industry, recent studies have revealed that it has been implemented effectively in the service industry as well. This article aims to explore the benefits and the fundamental challenges of DMAIC implementation as a student’s course project in five Indonesian service companies. An exploratory study was conducted to provide a clear understanding of DMAIC method implementation in service companies. A similar challenge, the lack of openness of the company, was found across cases. Several enhancements in company performance were identified, including improved customer satisfaction, reduction in delivery errors, and shorter waiting time. This research also highlighted the usage of some non-statistical tools and techniques that effectively contribute to each phase of the DMAIC method. Lastly, all five companies reported that these improvement projects offer positive benefits, including increased revenue and cost reduction.
Development of Phenotyping Algorithms for the Identification of Organ Transplant Recipients: Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: Wheless Lee , Baker Laura , Edwards LaVar , Anand Nimay , Birdwell Kelly , Hanlon Allison , Chren Mary-Margaret
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND

Studies involving organ transplant recipients (OTRs) are often limited to the variables collected in the national Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients database. Electronic health records contain additional variables that can augment this data source if OTRs can be identified accurately.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to develop phenotyping algorithms to identify OTRs from electronic health records.

METHODS

We used Vanderbilt’s deidentified version of its electronic health record database, which contains nearly 3 million subjects, to develop algorithms to identify OTRs. We identified all 19,817 individuals with at least one International Classification of Diseases (ICD) or Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code for organ transplantation. We performed a chart review on 1350 randomly selected individuals to determine the transplant status. We constructed machine learning models to calculate positive predictive values and sensitivity for combinations of codes by using classification and regression trees, random forest, and extreme gradient boosting algorithms.

RESULTS

Of the 1350 reviewed patient charts, 827 were organ transplant recipients while 511 had no record of a transplant, and 12 were equivocal. Most patients with only 1 or 2 transplant codes did not have a transplant. The most common reasons for being labeled a nontransplant patient were the lack of data (229/511, 44.8%) or the patient being evaluated for an organ transplant (174/511, 34.1%). All 3 machine learning algorithms identified OTRs with overall >90% positive predictive value and >88% sensitivity.

CONCLUSIONS

Electronic health records linked to biobanks are increasingly used to conduct large-scale studies but have not been well-utilized in organ transplantation research. We present rigorously evaluated methods for phenotyping OTRs from electronic health records that will enable the use of the full spectrum of clinical data in transplant research. Using several different machine learning algorithms, we were able to identify transplant cases with high accuracy by using only ICD and CPT codes.
People’s Experiences and Satisfaction With Telehealth During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Australia: Cross-Sectional Survey Study (Preprint)
Authors: Isautier Jennifer MJ , Copp Tessa , Ayre Julie , Cvejic Erin , Meyerowitz-Katz Gideon , Batcup Carys , Bonner Carissa , Dodd Rachael , Nickel Brooke , Pickles Kristen , Cornell Samuel , Dakin Thomas , McCaffery Kirsten J
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, telehealth has rapidly been adopted to deliver health care services around the world. To date, studies have not compared people’s experiences with telehealth services during the pandemic in Australia to their experiences with traditional in-person visits.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to compare participants’ perceptions of telehealth consults to their perceptions of traditional in-person visits and investigate whether people believe that telehealth services would be useful after the pandemic.

METHODS

A national, cross-sectional, community survey was conducted between June 5 and June 12, 2020 in Australia. In total, 1369 participants who were aged ≥18 years and lived in Australia were recruited via targeted advertisements on social media (ie, Facebook and Instagram). Participants responded to survey questions about their telehealth experience, which included a free-text response option. A generalized linear model was used to estimate the adjusted relative risks of having a poorer telehealth experience than a traditional in-person visit experience. Content analysis was performed to determine the reasons why telehealth experiences were worse than traditional in-person visit experiences.

RESULTS

Of the 596 telehealth users, the majority of respondents (n=369, 61.9%) stated that their telehealth experience was “just as good as” or “better than” their traditional in-person medical appointment experience. On average, respondents perceived that telehealth would be moderately useful to very useful for medical appointments after the COVID-19 pandemic ends (mean 3.67, SD 1.1). Being male (P=.007), having a history of both depression and anxiety (P=.016), and lower patient activation scores (ie, individuals’ willingness to take on the role of managing their health/health care) (P=.036) were significantly associated with a poor telehealth experience. In total, 6 overarching themes were identified from free-text responses for why participants’ telehealth experiences were poorer than their traditional in-person medical appointment experiences, as follows: communication is not as effective, limitations with technology, issues with obtaining prescriptions and pathology results, reduced confidence in their doctor, additional burden for complex care, and inability to be physically examined.

CONCLUSIONS

Based on our sample’s responses, telehealth appointment experiences were comparable to traditional in-person medical appointment experiences. Telehealth may be worthwhile as a mode of health care delivery while the pandemic continues, and it may continue to be worthwhile after the pandemic.
Understanding Preferences for Lifestyle-Focused Visual Text Messages in Patients With Cardiovascular and Chronic Respiratory Disease: Discrete Choice Experiment (Preprint)
Authors: Choi Michael , Raeside Rebecca , Hyun Karice , Partridge Stephanie R , Thiagalingam Aravinda , Redfern Julie
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND

Supporting healthy lifestyle changes is a key aim of cardiovascular and pulmonary rehabilitation programs. SMS text messaging programs have demonstrated effectiveness in cardiovascular disease risk reduction, weight loss, increasing physical activity, and smoking cessation. The optimization of SMS text messaging programs may deliver greater population benefits as mobile phone use becomes ubiquitous. Visual messaging (ie, image-based messages) has the potential to communicate health messages via digital technology and result in enhanced engagement.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to determine and understand patient preferences for lifestyle-focused visual text messages that support cardiovascular and pulmonary rehabilitation.

METHODS

A discrete choice experiment was conducted in a 4-stage iterative process to elicit patient preferences for visual message features. Attribute and level development yielded 3 attributes (purpose, image type, and web address), and 16 choice sets were subsequently constructed according to a full factorial design. Patients participating in cardiovascular and pulmonary rehabilitation were surveyed (on the web) for their preferences regarding the visual message choice sets. Respondents were asked to choose among 16 pairs of visual messages regarding key lifestyle behaviors, namely, physical activity and nutrition. The data were analyzed using a conditional logit model.

RESULTS

There was a total of 1728 observations from 54 unique respondents. Two factors that were associated with patient preference were gain-framed purpose compared with no purpose (odds ratio [OR] 1.93, 95% CI 1.40-2.65) and real images compared with cartoon images (OR 1.26, 95% CI 1.04-1.54). A loss-framed purpose was less preferred than no purpose (OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.42-0.74). Overall, patients preferred positive images that were colorful and engaged with text that supported the image and had a preference for images of real people rather than cartoons.

CONCLUSIONS

A discrete choice experiment is a scientific method for eliciting patient preferences for a visual messaging intervention that is designed to support changes in lifestyle behaviors. SMS text messaging programs that use visual aids may result in greater patient satisfaction by using a gain frame, using real images, and avoiding a loss frame. Further research is needed to explore the feasibility of implementation and the health and behavioral outcomes associated with such visual messaging programs.

CLINICALTRIAL
References to Positive and Negative Self-Esteem on the Comments of Beauty YouTube Videos: Content Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Mathur Anjali , Kerr Bradley
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND

Among adolescents, low self-esteem is associated with depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation. Self-esteem during adolescence is vulnerable and may be influenced by beauty- related YouTube videos, which have become increasingly common in recent years.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to understand how viewers respond to beauty videos on YouTube by evaluating the prevalence of positive and negative self-esteem expressed in the comment section.

METHODS

In this content analysis study, popular beauty YouTube content creators were identified and their two most recent videos with the term “makeup” or “palette” in the title were selected. For each content creator, two videos were selected, and the most recent 20 comments were evaluated for their referenced to positive and negative self-esteem and tone.

RESULTS

A total of 240 total comments were analyzed from 12 beauty related YouTube videos. Among the comments evaluated, 5.4% (n=13) referenced positive self-esteem and 6.2% (n=15) referenced negative self-esteem. Of the comments evaluated, 65.4% (n=157) of comments indicated positive tone and 17.5% (n=42) referenced negative tone. Of the positive toned comments, 2.9% (n=7) referenced negative self-esteem.

CONCLUSIONS

Most comments referenced positive tone; however, commenters sometimes reported negative effects on their self-esteem. Similar amounts of positive and negative self-esteem references suggest that beauty related YouTube videos can both positively and negatively affect self-esteem. However, our findings are unable to predict in which way self-esteem may be affected. Future studies should further investigate the self-esteem effects on viewers from beauty related videos.

CLINICALTRIAL

NA
Don’t Glottal Stop Me Now
Authors: Göbel Jessica
Published: December 2020

This paper analyses the speech of Edinburgh speakers from a range of ages and socioeconomic backgrounds: established middle class (EMC), new middle class (NMC), and working class (WC). Findings were compared to previous studies, particularly Titheridge (2020), which examines the same data set collected in 1975. The results show that /t/-glottaling significantly correlates with social class but not age. The following phoneme and position of /t/ within the word were shown to be significant predictors of /t/-glottaling. Evidence of an interaction between the following phoneme and the speakers’ social class was found, which could suggest that NMC has a different ordering hierarchy of the aforementioned factors from WC and EMC.
“Cómo hacerle sin un hombre”: dueñas de cantinas en la Costa Chica de Oaxaca
Authors: Jiménez García Nuria
Published: December 2020

En este artículo me propongo presentar, a partir de mi trabajo de campo en la Costa Chica de Oaxaca, México,  el modo en que la frase cómo hacerle sin un hombre, constantemente repetida por las mujeres en esta zona constituye una forma de dominación simbólica. Ciertas mujeres han roto con esta creencia interiorizada, demostrando que sí es posible salir adelante sin un hombre y muchas veces gozando de mayor autonomía y control sobre sus cuerpos, economías y vidas. Este es el caso de las dueñas de cantinas, mujeres solas, que han hecho su lucha saliendo adelante como jefas de familia.
Epopeyas de la escritura: Algunas reflexiones sobre el lenguaje poético en Ezra Pound y Jorge Luis Borges
Authors: Linares González Gabriel Enrique
Published: December 2020

El presente artículo estudia los textos “The Chinese Written Character as A Medium for Poetry” (1919) de Ezra Pound (1885-1972) y Ernest Fenollosa (1853-1908), y “Tlön, Uqbar, Orbis Tertius” (1940) de Jorge Luis Borges (1899-1986). Se establecen lazos entre ambos con base en la afinidad que manifiestan en su interés por la creación de un gran poema a la manera de la épica, por el monólogo dramático y la traducción. Se hace especial énfasis en la forma en la que los dos autores articulan en ambas obras reflexiones sobre la naturaleza del lenguaje poético y vinculan dichas reflexiones con el monólogo y la traducción. El signo lingüístico resulta ser equiparable no solo con uno de los tropos considerados esenciales por la retórica, la metáfora, sino también con la prosopopeya, el tropo rector del monólogo. Por otro lado, en estos textos, la reflexión sobre la naturaleza del signo se revela inseparable de la traducción. Así, prosopopeya y traducción resultan en la obra de estos autores no solo ser esenciales a la creación literaria sino, hasta cierto punto, prácticas análogas.
Productive agglomeration and netchains: contributions to value creation in agroindustrial systems
Authors: Paloschi Tomé Luiz Henrique , Paula Junior Amarildo de , Ribeiro Caroline Rodrigues
Published: December 2020

Considering the recurrent problem of cooperation between agents in the search for economic efficiency and competitiveness, the present study sets out to discuss the connections between the approaches of productive agglomerations, collective actions and netchains for value creation in agroindustrial systems, seeking to demonstrate that this problematic cannot be treated in a unidimensional manner. The discussion focuses on the complementarity of these approaches and presents a brief review of the main points involved. It is then suggested that they should be applied jointly in order to analyze agroindustrial systems, since evidence has shown that they are all part of the central problem. Lastly, it is argued that agroindustrial systems will only be well-coordinated and efficient, establishing long-term comparative advantages, if this coordination takes into account the interdependencies between the actors and the regional dimension, with a view to identifying the main, potential sources of value linked to them.
Aglomeração produtiva e netchain: contribuições para a criação de valor nos sistemas agroindustriais
Authors: Paloschi Tomé Luiz Henrique , Paula Junior Amarildo de , Ribeiro Caroline Rodrigues
Published: December 2020

Considerando a recorrente problemática da cooperação entre agentes em busca de eficiência econômica e competitividade, o presente estudo objetiva discutir as conexões entre as abordagens de aglomerações produtivas, ações coletivas e netchains sobre a criação de valor nos sistemas agroindustriais, com o intuito de demonstrar que essa problemática não pode ser encarada de forma unidimensional. A discussão está focada na complementaridade dessas abordagens. O texto apresenta uma breve revisão dos principais pontos envolvidos e sugere uma aplicação conjunta para análises de sistemas agroindustriais, por evidenciar que o problema central é compartilhado por elas. Ao fim, defende-se que os sistemas agroindustriais só serão bem coordenados e eficientes, com o estabelecimento de vantagens comparativas duradouras, se essa coordenação levar em consideração as interdependências entre os atores e a dimensão regional, com vistas a identificar as principais e potenciais fontes de valor a elas atreladas.
Health as a Point of Consolidation of Human Capital
Authors:   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Chernyaeva T.I.
Published: December 2020

Conceptualizing the health capital, alongside with revealing its multidimensional nature and reconstructing the basic dimensions is analyzed. Conflict fields of Russian health care are distinguished. Conflicts are considered as markers of social constructs of health capital.
Technology and Its Representation as a Source of Religious Experience for Old Believers of Yenisei Region
Authors:   European University at Saint Petersburg (Russia), Rygovskiy Danila
Published: December 2020

The paper discusses an ambivalent interaction between Chasovennye Old Believers of Yenisei region and modern technologies. Old Believers must rely on certain technologies and equipment for survival in the severe conditions of taiga and mountains. Nevertheless, technology is strongly associated with Antichrist and signifies his imminent arrival. The paper is focused on the intensity of usage of certain technological devices by the Old Believers, and how these devices are interpreted in eschatological terms. Technical specifications of various devices therefore serve as mediators in expressing religious emotions and experience.
La familia, agente de atención temprana de la niñez prematura: un acompañamiento desde la extensión social
Authors: Garrido Sandino Lupita , Morales  Piedra Yisley , Madriz Bermúdez Linda
Published: December 2020

La Cátedra de Conceptualización de la Educación Especial de la Universidad Estatal a Distancia desarrolla desde el 2016 el proyecto de extensión “UNED en acción: Promoviendo nuevas oportunidades para la infancia expuesta a factores de riesgo biológico o social”. El objetivo es promover acciones educativas para capacitar y empoderar en atención temprana (AT) a las familias o cuidadores de la niñez con factores de riesgo biológico y social entre 0 y 6 años para su desarrollo integral. Se ha orientado a familias de infantes prematuros, considerando que en Costa Rica 10% de los nacimientos son prematuros (González, 2018). La teoría señala que la AT puede revertir los efectos de este factor de riesgo. Las familias necesitan comprender qué es la AT, pero no siempre pueden acceder a prácticas recomendadas o desconocen su importancia, acentuándose fuera de la Gran Área Metropolitana donde estos servicios son limitados o no existen. La extensión universitaria permite la formación conjunta con las familias, empoderándolas como agentes de cambio del paradigma tradicional de la estimulación enmarcado en un modelo clínico donde el especialista tenía el conocimiento, a uno de AT que rompe paradigmas tradicionales. El proyecto asume una línea metodológica de investigación-acción mediante un taller basado en el juego y el aprendizaje en familia. Del 2017 al 2019 se trabajó con 88 participantes en diferentes provincias. El elemento de éxito que favoreció el empoderamiento familiar fue enmarcar el proyecto desde la AT, promoviendo actividades cotidianas como experiencias de aprendizaje, filosofía de la investigación que originó el proceso.
Liderazgo pedagógico crítico: la docencia y la intelectualidad orgánica
Authors: Robles Barrantes Ariel , Arguedas Zúñiga Roberto
Published: December 2020

El objetivo del presente ensayo académico es promover el ejercicio de un liderazgo pedagógico crítico que representa un proceso participativo, dialógico, emancipador, contextualizado y transformador donde las personas docentes pueden contribuir, como intelectuales orgánicas, generando respuestas a las necesidades de quienes son más vulnerables y que se encuentran directamente relacionadas al contexto educativo. El abordaje metodológico del presente ensayo parte del estudio del significado de ser docente, el liderazgo, y el liderazgo pedagógico para posteriormente construir el concepto del liderazgo pedagógico crítico. Además, examina competencias que conjugan las implicaciones de la labor docente y su alcance en la pedagogía, a la vez que cuestiona el rol docente bajo el foco de la intelectualidad orgánica. Esta reivindicación de la docencia implica ir más allá de los impactos del modelo económico imperante, la función del Estado en el contexto educativo y las exigencias sistemáticas de modelos educativos que condicionan la función y formación profesional a favor de una perspectiva meramente técnica. Se concluye que desde el entendimiento del contexto demarcado por el neoliberalismo en donde se desenvuelve la labor de las personas docentes en Latinoamérica es posible percibir los motivos por los cuales la promoción de su liderazgo como un mecanismo de transformación social, mas no desde un discurso oficial o impulsado por algún sistema educativo. El liderazgo pedagógico crítico debe estar construido desde una concepción pedagógica y un esfuerzo colectivo, más allá de prácticas individuales, proceso en el que la intelectualidad orgánica se encuentra como instrumento para alcanzar la meta.
Estilos de liderazgo en centros educativos de Heredia: un estudio comparativo entre el colectivo directivo y docente
Authors: García Martínez José Antonio , Cerdas-Montano Virginia
Published: December 2020

El liderazgo es una característica fundamental en las instituciones en general y en el ámbito educativo en particular. El estilo de liderazgo puede influir directamente en el clima organizacional de las instituciones, promoviendo un buen desempeño tanto del personal docente y administrativo como del colectivo estudiantil. La presente investigación responde a una metodología cuantitativa, con un diseño ex post facto y transversal, con la aplicación del cuestionario Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) a una muestra probabilística estratificada de 125 personas directivas y 584 docentes de centros educativos públicos de la Dirección Regional de Educación de Heredia. Los principales resultados muestran altas puntuaciones en los estilos de liderazgo transformacional y transaccional y bajas en el estilo laissez faire. Igualmente, se han detectado diferencias significativas entre la autopercepción de personas directoras y docentes en relación con los estilos mencionados. Aspectos relacionados con las tareas, creencias, confianza, formas de enfrentar los problemas, se destacan con percepciones diferentes entre ambos grupos de profesionales. La disociación sobre una misma realidad puede interferir en la gestión que realiza la persona directora para el cumplimiento de metas y objetivos comunes. La legitimación de la comunidad educativa hacia el liderazgo ejercido por el personal directivo es elemento clave para una gestión efectiva de la organización educativa.
Aprendizaje profundo en la formación docente: experiencia con estudiantes de Enseñanza de la Educación de la Universidad de Costa Rica
Authors: Orellana Guevara Catty
Published: December 2020

El manuscrito presenta el desarrollo de un laboratorio de aprendizaje a partir de la experiencia de la reflexión crítica del proceso de enseñanza dentro del quehacer de aula, el cual busca que la persona docente aprenda a diseñar estrategias didácticas que establezcan la relación del contenido disciplinar con el diario vivir del estudiantado; además, insta al profesorado a la reflexión en el modelo de enseñanza que está aplicando en las aulas y que podría cambiar dentro de un proceso de mayor significancia. La experiencia se lleva a cabo con el estudiantado de las carreras de Enseñanza de la Educación de la Universidad de Costa Rica, y se basa en el modelo de aprendizaje profundo, por tanto, emplea la reflexión crítica hacia el cambio de pensamiento por medio del análisis de lecturas, foros de discusión y el diseño de estrategias didácticas. Los hallazgos plantean el aporte al quehacer docente para la producción de estrategias de enseñanzas significativas y perdurables en la vida del estudiantado, como también la necesidad de trascender de la enseñanza superficial al aprendizaje profundo; hacer de la academia un centro d
POÉTICA E CAOS
Authors: Arruda Rejane Kasting
Published: December 2020

A “posta em cena” (ARRUDA, 2019) do texto dramático tem o ponto de partida no jogo. O texto é material introduzido em ato performativo. Joga-se com arranjos complexos, diferentes regras, falas internas, view points corporais e vocais, para chegar a uma relação entre caos e ordem, onde a obra cênica é tomada como figuração do “objeto a” (LACAN, 1985).