bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Protein disorder reduced in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to survive heat shock
Authors: Vicedo Esmeralda , Gasik Zofia , Dong Yu-An , Goldberg Tatyana , Rost Burkhard
Published: November 2015

Recent experiments established that a culture ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae(baker’s yeast) survives sudden high temperatures by specifically duplicating the entire chromosome III and two chromosomal fragments (from IV and XII). Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are not significantly over-abundant in the duplication. In contrast, we suggest a simple algorithm to “postdict”the experimental results: Find a small enough chromosome with minimal protein disorder and duplicate this region. This algorithm largely explains all observed duplications. In particular, all regions duplicated in the experiment reduced the overall content of protein disorder. The differential analysis of the functional makeup of the duplication remained inconclusive. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment suggested over-representation in processes related to reproduction and nutrient uptake. Analyzing the protein-protein interaction network (PPI) revealed that few network-central proteins were duplicated. The predictive hypothesis hinges upon the concept of reducing proteins with long regions of disorder in order to become less sensitive to heat shock attack.
How a variableâ€™s partial correlation with other variable(s) can make a good predictor: the suppressor variable case
Authors: Olusegun Akinwande Michael , Muktar Aminu , Kabir Kaile Nasiru , Adamu Ibrahim Abubakar , Abubakar Umar Adamu
Published: November 2015

Suppression effect is one of the most elusive and difficult to understand dynamics in multiple regression analysis. Suppressor variable(s) and their dynamics in multiple regression analyses are important in reporting accurate research outcomes. However, quite a number of researchers are unfamiliar with the possible advantages and importance of these variables. Suppressor variables tend to appear useless as separate predictors, but have the potential to change the predictive ability of other variables and completely influence research outcomes. This research describes the role suppressor variables play in a multiple regression analysis and provides practical examples that further explain how suppressor effects can alter research outcomes. Finally, we employed mathematical set notation to demonstrate the concepts of suppressor effects.
Perbandingan Sistem Manajemen Mutu ISO 9001:2008, Standard BANPT dan Total Quality Management di UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang
Authors: Asy’ari Hasyim
Published: November 2015

AbstractImplementation of ISO Quality Management System (QMS) at UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim (Maliki) Malang shows the spirit of the modernization of the campusmanagement system. Application of ISO QMS is intended to facilitate the leaders of thecampus to meetStandard of BAN-PT while building TQM. This research is focused on thecomparative analysis of the implementation of ISO QMS, the role of Standard of BANPTandapplicationofTQMinUINMalikiMalang.Theapproachusedisqualitativeresearch,withdatacollectiontechniquessuchasinterviews,observationanddocumentstudy.Thisresearchfindsthat,amongothers,UIN’sleadersandinternalstakeholdershavesoughttoimplementtheclausesofISOQMScorrectlyandconsistently;andandincreasetheinvolvement of academicians in sustainable campus quality improvementefforts. Implementation of QMS ISO becomesa medium to fulfill the Standard of BANPTas wellas the foundation for the implementation of TQM.
Perbandingan Konsep Adab Menurut Ibn Hajar Al-’Asqalany dengan Konsep Pendidikan Karakter di Indonesia
Authors: Nurdin Indra Fajar
Published: November 2015

AbstractMany crises that rise in our society recently, from educationalperspective, showed that the national education system has not perform optimally yet in forming society that has bothskill-intellectuality and also spirituality, self-control, personality, and good moral. Thatmulti-dimension crises basically rooted from the decrease of nation moral quality e.g. theincrease of corruption culture and conflict, the raise of criminality, and the decrease ofwork-ethos. A solution applied by Indonesian government is by implementing charactereducation, that has similar term in Islamic education’s the concept of Adab.  The purposeof this research is to find out the concept about Adab by Ibn Hajar al-Asqalany, and tofind out the comparison and relevance between Ibn Hajar al-‘Asqalany’s concept of Adabwith the concept of character education in Indonesia. This research concludes that theconcept of Adab based on Ibn Hajar al-‘Asqalany’s thought includes the fulfillment anddevelopment of adab to Allah Swt, adab to his/her self, and adab to another person. Thatconcept of adab can be a basic step to determine the nine cores of character educationthat implemented in Indonesia.
Konsep Pendidikan Jerman dan Australia; Kajian Komparatif dan Aplikatif terhadap Mutu Pendidikan Indonesia
Authors: Isri Saifullah
Published: November 2015

AbstractEducation is always influenced by factors that enveloped it. So it is very likely to occur differences in product and quality of education between one institution and anotherinstitution or between one country to another. This difference initiate researcher to beopen-minded and examine the system and education implementation in an institutionor another country in order to absorb positive information for improvement andadvancement of education.This encourages the emergence of comparative educationstudies. Indonesia,in an effort to increasethe quality of its education, needs to conduct asimilar study by examining andcomparing Indonesian education with other countries,in this case, Germany and Australia that their quality of education is among the bestin the World.
Perbandingan Sistem Pendidikan di Tiga Negara; Mesir, Iran dan Turki
Authors: Ihsan M Nurul
Published: November 2015

AbstractThis article discusses a comparative analysis of education in three countries where the population is predominantly of a Muslim background; Egypt, Iran and Turkey, andexplains about the system of education in primary schools, secondary schools and colleges.Additionally, this article clarifies the latest education policy, curriculum, subjects, andassessment systems in schools and universities. The three countries have some similarities;each country is implementing the policy of compulsory education with it split into threelevels. The other similarity being that is the students have a high interest for furtherstudy in foreign universities with some destination countries being: the United Statesof America, United Kingdom, Germany, Saudi Arabia, Canada, Ukraine, Malaysia,France, and Austria. Due to unfavorable politics in both countries of Egypt and Turkey, aswell as Iran, education has been effected by a foreign policy that is often contradictory.
Climate Change and Rural Out-migration in Himalaya
Authors: Tiwari Prakash C. , Joshi Bhagwati
Published: November 2015

This paper examines linkages between climate change and rural out-migration in Himalaya. Subsistence agriculture constitutes the main source of food and rural livelihoods in the region although the availability of arable land is severely limited and crop productivity is low. The constraints of the subsistence economy compel a large proportion of the adult male population to outmigrate from the mountain region in search of livelihoods and employment. Changing climatic conditions have stressed Himalayan agricultural and livelihood systems through higher mean annual temperatures and melting of glaciers and snow, altered precipitation patterns and hydrological disruptions, and more frequent and severe extreme weather events. The amount of rainfall events and number of rainy days has declined respectively by 52% and 34% during the last ten years and the incidence of high intensity rainfall and droughts have increased. These changes have disrupted the hydrological systems and reduced the availability of water resulting in frequent crop failures, declines in irrigation potential (25%), decreased agricultural productivity (26%), and loss of rural livelihoods (34%) in traditional rural sectors. These pressures have contributed to increasing trends of rural out-migration, specifically an overall increase of 2536% between 2001 and 2013. The increasing trend of outmigration among male youth has affected the quality of life of rural women through feminization of mountain agriculture and resource development processes.
On a space of entire functions rapidly decreasing on Rn and its Fourier transform
Authors: Musin Il’dar Kh.
Published: November 2015

A space of entire functions of several complex variables rapidly decreasing on Rn and such that their growth along iRn is majorized with the help of a family of weight functions is considered in this paper. For such space an equivalent description in terms of estimates on all of its partial derivatives as functions on Rn and a Paley-Wiener type theorem are obtained.
Risky Group Decision-Making Method for Distribution Grid Planning
Authors: Li Cunbin , Yuan Jiahang , Qi Zhiqiang
Published: November 2015

With rapid speed on electricity using and increasing in renewable energy, more and more research pay attention on distribution grid planning. For the drawbacks of existing research, this paper proposes a new risky group decision-making method for distribution grid planning. Firstly, a mixing index system with qualitative and quantitative indices is built. On the basis of considering the fuzziness of language evaluation, choose cloud model to realize “quantitative to qualitative” transformation and construct interval numbers decision matrices according to the “3En” principle. An m-dimensional interval numbers decision vector is regarded as super cuboids in m-dimensional attributes space, using two-level orthogonal experiment to arrange points uniformly and dispersedly. The numbers of points are assured by testing numbers of two-level orthogonal arrays and these points compose of distribution points set to stand for decision-making project. In order to eliminate the influence of correlation among indices, Mahalanobis distance is used to calculate the distance from each solutions to others which means that dynamic solutions are viewed as the reference. Secondly, due to the decision-maker’s attitude can affect the results, this paper defines the prospect value function based on SNR which is from Mahalanobis-Taguchi system and attains the comprehensive prospect value of each program as well as the order. At last, the validity and reliability of this method is illustrated by examples which prove the method is more valuable and superiority than the other.
Measurement of Physical and Mechanical Properties of Russian Olive (Elaeagnus Angustifolia L.) Fruit
Authors: Nadian Mohammad Hossein , Abbaspour-fard Mohammad Hossein
Published: November 2015

The effect of moisture content on some properties of two varieties (Meymeh and Maragheh) of Russian olives was studied. The physical and mechanical properties including: dimensions, geometric mean diameter, thousand mass, volume, sphericity, surface area, true and bulk densities, porosity, angle of repose, coefficient of friction, rupture force, and rupture energy. The changes of moisture content levels from 17% to 25% (w.b.) indicated a statistically significant effect on all studied physical properties, except bulk density for Russian olive fruits. Shearing force was applied to the fruit using a testing machine in double shear mode. Shear strength and shearing energy increased with increase of loading rate; however, they were higher in Meymeh variety than Maragheh variety. Therefore, the lowest loading rate, with up to about 10 mm/min is desirable to design a suitable pulverizing mill in the herbal medicine industries.
Comparison of Search-Based Software Engineering Algorithms for Resource Allocation Optimization
Authors: Bibi Nazia , Anwar Zeeshan , Ahsan Ali
Published: November 2015

A project manager balances the resource allocation using resource leveling algorithms after assigning resources to project activities. However, resource leveling does not ensure optimized allocation of resources. Furthermore, the duration and cost of a project may increase after leveling resources. The objectives of resource allocation optimization used in our research are to (i) increase resource utilization, (ii) decrease project cost, and (iii) decrease project duration. We implemented three search-based software engineering algorithms, i.e. multiobjective genetic algorithm, multiobjective particle swarm algorithm (MOPSO), and elicit nondominated sorting evolutionary strategy. Twelve experiments to optimize the resource allocation are performed on a published case study. The experimental results are analyzed and compared in the form of Pareto fronts, average Pareto fronts, percent increase in resource utilization, percent decrease in project cost, and percent decrease in project duration. The experimental results show that MOPSO is the best technique for resource optimization because after optimization with MOPSO, resource utilization is increased and the project cost and duration are reduced.
A Multicriteria Interval-Valued Intuitionistic Fuzzy Set TOPSIS Decision-Making Approach Based on the Improved Score Function
Authors: Li Wei-wei , Wu Chong
Published: November 2015

In this paper, an improved technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) method was proposed based on completely unknown attribute weight information, as well as taking multiple criteria decision making of interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy number as the evaluation information. First of all, a cumulative interval score function considering the influence of hesitation as well as a cumulative score function containing the risk preference of the decision maker were constructed. Then, a new information entropy function was constructed by using the newly defined score function, which presents a new method that directly utilizes evaluation information to obtain criterion weight. Next, all schemes were sequenced by virtue of relative closeness and the criterion weight of each alternative and ideal scheme. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method was illustrated by comparison with examples.
Crime as Prime
Authors: Holton Richard
Published: November 2015

Traditional interpretations of legal doctrine have seen the actus reus and the mens rea as independent elements of a crime. Here it is argued that various puzzles surrounding the nature of intent and of attempt can be better addressed if we reject that idea. Following Williamson’s account of knowledge, it is suggested that the two are inseparable. The crime consists in the performance of an intentional act. It follows that an act has been performed and that the performer is in a certain mental state. But these cannot in general exist independently of each other.
Membrane-Channel Protein System Mesh
Construction for Finite Element Simulations
Authors: Liu Tiantian , Bai Shiyang , Tu Bin , Chen Minxin , Lu Benzhuo
Published: November 2015

We present a method of constructing the volume meshes of the membrane-channel protein system
for finite element simulation of ion channels. The membrane channel system consists of the solvent
region and the membrane-protein region. Our method focuses on labeling the tetrahedra in the solvent and
membrane-protein regions and collecting the interface triangles between different regions. It contains two
stages. Firstly, a volume mesh conforming the surface of the channel protein is generated by the surface and
volume mesh generation tools: TMSmesh and TetGen. Then a walk-and-detect algorithm is used to identify
the pore region to embed the membrane correctly. This method is shown to be robust because of its independence
of the pore structure of the ion channels. In addition, we can also get the information of whether
the ion channel is open or closed by the walk-and-detect algorithm. An on-line meshing procedure will be
available at our website www.continuummodel.org.
Ultrafast-laser-inscribed 3D integrated photonics: challenges and emerging applications
Authors: Gross S. , Withford M. J.
Published: November 2015

Since the discovery that tightly focused femtosecond laser pulses can induce a highly localised and permanent refractive index modification in a large number of transparent dielectrics, the technique of ultrafast laser inscription has received great attention from a wide range of applications. In particular, the capability to create three-dimensional optical waveguide circuits has opened up new opportunities for integrated photonics that would not have been possible with traditional planar fabrication techniques because it enables full access to the many degrees of freedom in a photon. This paper reviews the basic techniques and technological challenges of 3D integrated photonics fabricated using ultrafast laser inscription as well as reviews the most recent progress in the fields of astrophotonics, optical communication, quantum photonics, emulation of quantum systems, optofluidics and sensing.
Quantum Electrostatic Model for Optical Properties of Nanoscale Gold Films
Authors: Qian Haoliang , Xiao Yuzhe , Lepage Dominic , Chen Li , Liu Zhaowei
Published: November 2015

The optical properties of thin gold films with thickness varying from 2.5 nm to
30 nm are investigated. Due to the quantum size effect, the optical constants of
the thin gold film deviate from the Drude model for bulk material as film
thickness decreases, especially around 2.5 nm, where the electron energy level
becomes discrete. A theory based on the self-consistent solution of the
Schrödinger equation and the Poisson equation is proposed and its predictions
agree well with experimental results.
Lifshitz transitions and zero point lattice fluctuations in sulfur hydride showing near room temperature superconductivity
Authors: Bianconi Antonio , Jarlborg Thomas
Published: November 2015

Emerets’s experiments on pressurized sulfur hydride have shown that H3S metal has the highest known superconducting critical temperature Tc = 203 K. The Emerets data show pressure induced changes of the isotope coefficient between 0.25 and 0.5, in disagreement with Eliashberg theory which predicts a nearly constant isotope coefficient.We assign the pressure dependent isotope coefficient to Lifshitz transitions induced by pressure and zero point lattice fluctuations. It is known that pressure could induce changes of the topology of the Fermi surface, called Lifshitz transitions, but were neglected in previous papers on the H3S superconductivity issue. Here we propose thatH3S is a multi-gap superconductor with a first condensate in the BCS regime (located in the large Fermi surface with high Fermi energy) which coexists with second condensates in the BCS-BEC crossover regime (located on the Fermi surface spots with small Fermi energy) near the and Mpoints.We discuss the Bianconi-Perali-Valletta (BPV) superconductivity theory to understand superconductivity in H3S since the BPV theory includes the corrections of the chemical potential due to pairing and the configuration interaction between different condensates, neglected by the Eliashberg theory. These two terms in the BPV theory give the shape resonance in superconducting gaps, similar to Feshbach resonance in ultracold fermionic gases, which is known to amplify the critical temperature. Therefore this work provides some key tools useful in the search for new room temperature superconductors.
Ernan McMullin’s Thought on Science and Theology: An Appreciation
Authors: Barzaghi Amerigo , Corcó Josep
Published: November 2015

The thought of Ernan McMullin on the relationship between science and theology can be summarized with a word that he himself used: consonance. We briefly describe this epistemological proposal, and we show a concrete instance of its application by way of a short analysis of one of McMullin’s interdisciplinary works, “Cosmic Purpose and the Contingency of Human Evolution.” With the help of the authoritative comment that William Stoeger has made on this paper, we sketch McMullin’s effort to find a consonance between two different claims: the theological one – humans expected – and the evolutionary one – humans unexpected. In this case, consonance is reached by recurring to the classic Augustinian notion of the atemporality of God. We then show how McMullin’s way of interpreting consonance affects the question of the viability of a natural theology in a scientifically informed era. In fact, his distrust of various kinds of natural theology is another crucial aspect of his epistemological framework for interdisciplinary dialogue.
Increased mercury release from dental amalgam restorations after exposure to electromagnetic fields as a potential hazard for hypersensitive people and pregnant women
Authors: Mortazavi Ghazal , Mortazavi S.M.J.
Published: November 2015

Over the past decades, the use of common sources of electromagnetic fields such as Wi-Fi routers and mobile phones has been increased enormously all over the world. There is ongoing concern that exposure to electromagnetic fields can lead to adverse health effects. It has recently been shown that even low doses of mercury are capable of causing toxicity. Therefore, efforts are initiated to phase down or eliminate the use of mercury amalgam in dental restorations. Increased release of mercury from dental amalgam restorations after exposure to electromagnetic fields such as those generated by MRI and mobile phones has been reported by our team and other researchers. We have recently shown that some of the papers which reported no increased release of mercury after MRI, may have some methodological errors. Although it was previously believed that the amount of mercury released from dental amalgam cannot be hazardous, new findings indicate that mercury, even at low doses, may cause toxicity. Based on recent epidemiological findings, it can be claimed that the safety of mercury released from dental amalgam fillings is questionable. Therefore, as some individuals tend to be hypersensitive to the toxic effects of mercury, regulatory authorities should re-assess the safety of exposure to electromagnetic fields in individuals with amalgam restorations. On the other hand, we have reported that increased mercury release after exposure to electromagnetic fields may be risky for the pregnant women. It is worth mentioning that as a strong positive correlation between maternal and cord blood mercury levels has been found in some studies, our findings regarding the effect of exposure to electromagnetic fields on the release of mercury from dental amalgam fillings lead us to this conclusion that pregnant women with dental amalgam fillings should limit their exposure to electromagnetic fields to prevent toxic effects of mercury in their fetuses. Based on these findings, as infants and children are more vulnerable to mercury exposures, and as some individuals are routinely exposed to different sources of electromagnetic fields, we possibly need a paradigm shift in evaluating the health effects of amalgam fillings.
Equilibrium pricing of currency options under a discontinuous model in a two-country economy
Authors: Xing Yu , Yang Xiaoping
Published: November 2015

(Bakshi, G., and Z. Chen. 1997. “Equilibrium Valuation of Foreign Exchange Claims.” Journal of Finance 52: 799–826) studied equilibrium valuation for foreign exchange claims in the setting of the two-country Lucas-type economy. In Bakshi and Chen (1997), they assumed the money supplies follow two-factor stochastic volatility processes. Based on their model, we add two independent Poisson-type jumps, respectively into the process of money supply in each country. By solving a partial integro-differential equation (PIDE) for currency options, we get closed-form solutions of call currency option prices. Our model is a generalization of Bakshi and Chen (1997), and can contain a class of stochastic-volatility jump-diffusion (SVJD) models as special cases.
Substantive Importance and the Veil of Statistical Significance
Authors: McCaskey Kelly , Rainey Carlisle
Published: November 2015

Political science is gradually moving away from an exclusive focus on statistical significance and toward an emphasis on the magnitude and importance of effects. While we welcome this change, we argue that the current practice of “magnitude-and-significance,” in which researchers only interpret the magnitude of a statistically significant point estimate, barely improves the much-maligned “sign-and-significance” approach, in which researchers focus only on the statistical significance of an estimate. This exclusive focus on the point estimate hides the uncertainty behind a veil of statistical significance. Instead, we encourage researchers to explicitly account for uncertainty by interpreting the range of values contained in the confidence interval. Especially when making judgments about the importance of estimated effects, we advise researchers to make empirical claims if and only if those claims hold for the entire confidence interval.
A New Superhard Phase of C3N2 Polymorphs
Authors: Wei Qun , Zhang Meiguang , Yan Haiyan , Li Renxian , Zhu Xuanmin , Lin Zhengzhe , Yao Ronghui
Published: November 2015

Carbon nitrides are excellent candidates for extreme hardness materials. In this work, a new I4̅3m phase of C3N2 has been uncovered by replacing part of the nitrogen atoms in the cagelike diamondoid nitrogen N10 with carbon atoms. This phase is mechanically and dynamically stable up to at least 50 GPa. The elastic anisotropy of I4̅3m-C3N2 is investigated by comparing with previously proposed α-C3N2. The tensile directional dependence of Young’s modulus obeys the following trend: E
[111]>E
[110]>E
[100]. Electronic structure calculations reveal that I4̅3m-C3N2 is hole conducting. Hardness calculation shows that the I4̅3m-C3N2 is superhard with a hardness of 72.9 GPa.
Multi-Scale Long-Range Magnitude and Sign Correlations in Vertical Upward Oil–Gas–Water Three-Phase Flow
Authors: Zhao An , Jin Ning-de , Ren Ying-yu , Zhu Lei , Yang Xia
Published: November 2015

In this article we apply an approach to identify the oil–gas–water three-phase flow patterns in vertical upwards 20 mm inner-diameter pipe based on the conductance fluctuating signals. We use the approach to analyse the signals with long-range correlations by decomposing the signal increment series into magnitude and sign series and extracting their scaling properties. We find that the magnitude series relates to nonlinear properties of the original time series, whereas the sign series relates to the linear properties. The research shows that the oil–gas–water three-phase flows (slug flow, churn flow, bubble flow) can be classified by a combination of scaling exponents of magnitude and sign series. This study provides a new way of characterising linear and nonlinear properties embedded in oil–gas–water three-phase flows.
Theoretical Study of Geometries, Stabilities, and Electronic Properties of Cationic (FeS)
n

+ (n = 1–5) Clusters
Authors: Li-Ta A. , Yu Zhang , Jian-Ping Bai , Shuai Zhang , Gen-Quan Li , Shan-Jun Chen , Yong-Hong Tian
Published: November 2015

We have performed unbiased searches for the global minimum structures of (FeS)

n

+ (n=1–5) clusters using the CALYPSO method combined with density functional theory geometric optimisation. A large number of low-lying isomers are optimised at the B3PW91/6-311+G* theory level. Accurate ab initio calculations and harmonic vibrational analyses are undertaken to ensure that the optimised geometries are true minimum. They show that the most stable structures begin to exhibit three-dimensional (3D) configurations at n=3. The relative stabilities of (FeS)

n

+ clusters for the ground-state structures are analysed on the basis of binding energies and HOMO-LUMO gaps. The theoretical results indicate that the binding energies of (FeS)

n

+ tend to increase with cluster size. The maxima of HOMO-LUMO gaps (3.88 eV) for the most stable configurations appear at (FeS)+. Moreover, we have found that the (FeS)2
+ cluster possesses the lowest local magnetic moments compared to the other species. The origin of this magnetic phenomenon is also analysed in detail.
Robust and Rapid Air-Borne Odor Tracking without Casting
Authors: Bhattacharyya Urvashi , Bhalla Upinder Singh
Published: November 2015

Casting behavior (zigzagging across an odor stream) is common in air/liquid-borne odor tracking in open fields; however, terrestrial odor localization often involves path selection in a familiar environment. To study this, we trained rats to run toward an odor source in a multi-choice olfactory arena with near-laminar airflow. We find that rather than casting, rats run directly toward an odor port, and if this is incorrect, they serially sample other sources. This behavior is consistent and accurate in the presence of perturbations, such as novel odors, background odor, unilateral nostril stitching, and turbulence. We developed a model that predicts that this run-and-scan tracking of air-borne odors is faster than casting, provided there are a small number of targets at known locations. Thus, the combination of best-guess target selection with fallback serial sampling provides a rapid and robust strategy for finding odor sources in familiar surroundings.
Hereditary hypophosphatemia in Norway: a retrospective population-based study of genotypes, phenotypes, and treatment complications
Authors: Rafaelsen Silje , Johansson Stefan , Ræder Helge , Bjerknes Robert
Published: November 2015

Objective

Hereditary hypophosphatemias (HH) are rare monogenic conditions characterized by decreased renal tubular phosphate reabsorption. The aim of this study was to explore the prevalence, genotypes, phenotypic spectrum, treatment response, and complications of treatment in the Norwegian population of children with HH.

Design

Retrospective national cohort study.

Methods

Sanger sequencing and multiplex ligand-dependent probe amplification analysis ofPHEXand Sanger sequencing ofFGF23,DMP1,ENPP1KL, andFAM20Cwere performed to assess genotype in patients with HH with or without rickets in all pediatric hospital departments across Norway. Patients with hypercalcuria were screened forSLC34A3mutations. In one family, exome sequencing was performed. Information from the patients' medical records was collected for the evaluation of phenotype.

Results

Twety-eight patients with HH (18 females and ten males) from 19 different families were identified. X-linked dominant hypophosphatemic rickets (XLHR) was confirmed in 21 children from 13 families. The total number of inhabitants in Norway aged 18 or below by 1st January 2010 was 1 109 156, giving an XLHR prevalence of ∼1 in 60 000 Norwegian children.FAM20Cmutations were found in two brothers andSLC34A3mutations in one patient. In XLHR, growth was compromised in spite of treatment with oral phosphate and active vitamin D compounds, with males tending to be more affected than females. Nephrocalcinosis tended to be slightly more common in patients starting treatment before 1 year of age, and was associated with higher average treatment doses of phosphate. However, none of these differences reached statistical significance.

Conclusions

We present the first national cohort of HH in children. The prevalence of XLHR seems to be lower in Norwegian children than reported earlier.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease severity, central fat mass and adinopectin: a close relationship
Authors: Abenavoli Ludovico , Di Renzo Laura , Guzzi Pietro Hiram , Pellicano Rinaldo , Milic Natasa , De Lorenzo Antonino
Published: November 2015

AIM: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease in the general population. Overweight is a common conditions in patients with NAFLD, and body composition (BC) assessment is useful to evaluate nutritional status and the efficacy of nutritional strategies. A valid tool for assessing BC is dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Adiponectin has been shown to be relevant to the pathogenesis of NAFLD. The aim of this observational study is to define the relationship between the severity of NAFLD, the central fat mass evaluated by DXA, and the circulating levels of adiponectin.METHODS: The study was carried out in 31 overweight patients. The degree of liver steatosis was evaluated by ultrasound (US) examination. Anthropometric parameters were measured according to standard methods. Fasting glucose and insulin level were used also to calculate insulin resistance (IR), according to the homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique was performed to dose fasting serum levels of adiponectin.RESULTS: NAFLD progression was signiﬁcantly associated with increased central fat (p<0.05). Using DXA, we quantified the regional distribution of adipose tissue and found the expected association between central fat and the US severity of NAFLD. Serum levels of adiponectin, were inversely related to NAFLD progression (p<0.05).CONCLUSION: BC evaluated by anthropometry and DXA, may be used as indicator of NAFLD severity in overweight patients. The evaluation of BC in clinical practice, can improve the nutritional strategies and follow-up. In the clinical setting adiponectin can represent a potential marker for the staging of NAFLD.
Underlying spirituality and mental health: the role of burnout
Authors: Ho Rainbow Tin Hung , Sing Cheuk Yan , Fong Ted Chun Tat , Au‐Yeung Friendly So Wah , Law Kit Ying , Lee Lai Fan , Ng Siu Man
Published: November 2015

Underlying spirituality and mental health: the role of burnout: Rainbow Tin Hung Ho, et al. Centre on Behavioral Health, The University of Hong Kong, P.R.China

Objective

This study investigated the effects of burnout on the relationship between spirituality and mental health among healthcare workers in Hong Kong.

Methods

Using a cross‐sectional design, 312 healthcare workers (mean age=38.6, SD=9.9; 77.7% females) in a mental rehabilitation institution completed a self‐administered questionnaire on anxiety, depression, burnout, and daily spiritual experiences. Multivariate regressions were used to test the effects of burnout on the relationships between daily spiritual experiences and anxiety and depression.

Results

After adjusting for age, education level, marital status, and staff ranking, higher levels of daily spiritual experience were associated with lower levels of burnout (β =−0.22, p<0.01), depression (β =−0.68, p<0.01), and anxiety (β=−0.05, p<0.01). Burnout was found to have a significant partial mediating effect on the relationship between daily spiritual experiences and depression (z=−2.99, p<0.01), accounting for 37.8% of the variation in depression. Burnout also completely mediated the relationship between daily spiritual experiences and anxiety (z=−3.06, p<0.01), accounting for 73.9% of the variation in anxiety.

Conclusions

The results suggested that the association between spirituality and mental health is influenced by the level of burnout, thereby supporting the role of burnout as a potential mediator. Moreover, day‐to‐day spiritual practice was found to be potentially protective against burnout and mental health problems. Future interventions could incorporate spirituality training to reduce burnout so as to improve the well‐being of healthcare workers.
Effects of Paraoxonase 1 gene polymorphisms on organophosphate insecticide metabolism in Japanese pest control workers
Authors: Sato Hirotaka , Ito Yuki , Ueyama Jun , Kano Yuya , Arakawa Tomoya , Gotoh Masahiro , Kondo Takaaki , Sugiura Yuka , Saito Isao , Shibata Eiji , Kamijima Michihiro
Published: November 2015

Effects of Paraoxonase 1 gene polymorphisms on organophosphate insecticide metabolism in Japanese pest control workers: Hirotaka Sato, et al. Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences

Objective

Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) in serum detoxifies organophosphate (OP) insecticides by hydrolysis. The present crosssectional study aimed to clarify the relationship between PON1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and enzyme activities or OP metabolite concentrations in urine of workers occupationally exposed to low‐level OPs.

Methods

Among 283 workers in 10 pest control companies located in central Japan who underwent checkups, 230 subjects (male 199, female 31, average age 38.9 ± 11.1 years old) participated in the study. Q192R and L55M polymorphisms were determined by TaqMan assay. PON1 activity was measured using fenitrothion (FNT) oxon, chlorpyrifos‐methyl (CPM) oxon, chlorpyrifos (CP) oxon, and phenyl acetate as substrates. Urinary OP metabolite concentrations were measured with gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry.

Results

The maximum differences in enzyme activities between individuals were 64.6‐, 6.3‐, 7.7‐, and 2.0‐fold for FNT oxonase, CPM oxonase, CP oxonase, and arylesterase (ARE), respectively. The activities of CPM oxonase and ARE in workers having the RR genotype were 53.5% and 18.2% lower than in those with the QQ genotype, respectively. CP oxonase activity was 15.0% lower in those having the M allele (LM + MM compared with LL). Urinary metabolite concentrations were not associated with PON1 polymorphisms, but negative associations were observed between the concentrations and activities of FNT oxonase and ARE.

Conclusions

While PON1 SNPs can explain differences in catalytic activities toward some OPs, differences in urinary concentrations of OP metabolites are not attributable to PON1 SNPs but instead are attributable to its serum activities. Its serum activities might be more sensitive biomarkers for estimation of individual susceptibility to OP toxicities.
The opinions of occupational physicians about maintaining healthy workers by means of medical examinations in Japan using the Delphi method
Authors: Tateishi Seiichiro , Watase Mariko , Fujino Yoshihisa , Mori Koji
Published: November 2015

The opinions of occupational physicians about maintaining healthy workers by means of medical examinations in Japan using the Delphi method: Seiichiro Tateishi, et al. Occupational Health Training Center, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan

Objective

In Japan, employee fitness for work is determined by annual medical examinations. It may be possible to reduce the variability in the results of work fitness determination, particularly for situation, if there is consensus among experts regarding consideration of limitation of work by means of a single parameter.

Methods

Consensus building was attempted among 104 occupational physicians by employing a 3‐round Delphi method. Among the medical examination parameters for which at least 50% of participants agreed in the 3rd round of the survey that the parameter would independently merit consideration for limitation of work, the values of the parameters proposed as criterion values that trigger consideration of limitation of work were sought. Parameters, along with their most frequently proposed criterion values, were defined in the study group meeting as parameters for which consensus was reached.

Results

Consensus was obtained for 8 parameters: systolic blood pressure 180 mmHg (86.6%), diastolic blood pressure 110 mmHg (85.9%), postprandial plasma glucose 300 mg/dl (76.9%), fasting plasma glucose 200 mg/dl (69.1%), Cre 2.0mg/dl (67.2%), HbA1c (JDS) 10% (62.3%), ALT 200 U/l (61.6%), and Hb 8 g/l (58.5%).

Conclusions

To support physicians who give advice to employers about work‐related measures based on the results of general medical examinations of employees, expert consensus information was obtained that can serve as background material for making judgements. It is expected that the use of this information will facilitate the ability to take appropriate measures after medical examination of employees.
Direct detection of toxigenic Bacillus cereus in dietary complement for children and cassava starch
Authors: Sánchez Jnnifer A. , Correa Margarita M. , Aceves Dies Ángel E. , Castañeda Sandoval Laura M.
Published: November 2015

Bacillus cereus es un contaminante de alimentos
conocido por ser patogénico para los humanos,
causando síndromes de vómito y diarrea.
En este estudio se evaluó la presencia de B.
cereus toxigénicos utilizando PCR múltiple
directamente en complementos dietarios
para niños y en almidón de yuca colectados
en Medellín, Colombia. De 75 muestras de
complemento dietario para niños, 70,7%
estuvieron contaminadas con B. cereus
toxigénicos y se detectaron cuatro diferentes
consorcios toxigénicos: I: nheA, hblC, cytK
(9,8%), II: nheA, hblC (2%), III: hblC, cytK
(41.2%), IV: hblC (47%). De 75 muestras de
almidón de yuca, 44% estuvieron contaminadas
con B. cereus toxigénicos y se determinaron
cuatro diferentes consorcios toxigénicos: I:
nheA, hblC, cytK (48.5%), II: nheA, hblC, cytK,
cesB (3%), III: hblC, cytK (30,3%), IV: hblC
(18.2%). En general, en los complementos
dietarios para niños sólo se detectaron
consorcios enterotoxigénicos, mientras que en
el almidón los consorcios enterotoxigénicos
predominaron sobre el emético. La PCR
múltiple fue de utilidad para detectar
contaminación con B. cereus toxigénicos
permitiendo la detección directa y simultánea
de todos los genes tóxicos en los alimentos. Este
estudio es el primero en Colombia en evaluar B.
cereus toxigénicos y proporciona información
importante para la evaluación de riesgos
microbiológicos en los alimentos pulverizados
Icelandic hip hop
Authors: Mitchell Tony
Published: November 2015

This article presents a history of rap and hip hop in Iceland from its beginnings in English language hip hop in the mid 1990s to the present day. From beginnings which imitated US rap in English, to a growing concern with Icelandic subjects in the late 1990s, to a “boom year” in Icelandic language hip hop in 2002, when it became completely indigenized, and was influenced by the native genre of rímur, a ritual form of versification with roots back into medieval times, it has undergone a dramatic feminization with the emergence of Reykjavíkurdætur (Reykjavík Daughters), a 22-member female collective which made its presence strongly felt in 2014.
Toru Mitsui, ed. 2014. Made in Japan: Studies in Popular Music
Authors: Johnson Henry
Published: November 2015

Toru Mitsui, ed. 2014. Made in Japan: Studies in Popular Music. New York: Routledge. 254pp. ISBN 978-0-415-63757-2 (hbk)
1889 : pourquoi et comment j’ai écrit ce livre – et quelques autres
Authors: Angenot Marc
Published: November 2015

"L'élaboration de ma théorie a été appuyée sur un immense travail de terrain, l’analyse systématique de la chose imprimée produite en langue française au cours d*une année que j*avais choisie avec quelques bonnes raisons contingentes: l*année 1889. Pourquoi? Mil huit cent quatre-vingt-neuf est simplement une «riche» année et c’est une année-charnière: c’est tout à la fois l’année du centenaire de la Révolution, l’année de l’Exposition universelle, de la Tour Eiffel, l’année de la résistible ascension et de la chute du Brav’ général Boulanger, l’année du Drame de Meyerling et de bien d’autres événements prégnants. J’yallais toutefois à l’aveuglette; je n’étais aucunement un dix-neuviémiste et j’avais tout à apprendre."

CONSULTEZ LA RÉÉDITION NUMÉRIQUE INTÉGRALE EN LIGNE ET EN LIBRE ACCÈS DE «1889 : UN ÉTAT DU DISCOURS SOCIAL» DE MARC ANGENOT

http://www.medias19.org/index.php?id=11003
Interview with Cynthia Harvey
Authors: Harvey Cynthia
Published: November 2015

Interview
The Current Refugee Crisis
Authors: Grey Julius
Published: November 2015

Commentary on the refugee crisis in Europe
Will Straw Interview
Authors: Straw Will
Published: November 2015

Interview
Operation of the Uncultivated Land Tribunal for Finnmark Has Ceased Due to Lack of Funds
Authors: Ravna Øyvind
Published: November 2015

(Published: 6 November 2015)Citation: Ø. Ravna. ‘‘Operation of the Uncultivated Land Tribunal for Finnmark has ceased due to lack of funds’’. Arctic Review on Law and Politics, Vol. 6, No. 2, 2015, pp. 176–177. http://dx.doi.org/10.17585/arctic.v6.183
MODEL PENGEMBANGAN DESAIN DIDAKTIS SUBJECT SPECIFIC PEDAGOGY BIDANG MATEMATIKA MELALUI PROGRAM PENDIDIKAN PROFESI GURU
Authors: Mulyana Endang , Ph.D. Turmudi , Juandi Dadang
Published: November 2015

Salah satu kompetensi inti sebagai guru matematika adalah kompetensi pedagogi yaitu  mengembangkan kurikulum (enacted curriculum) dalam mata pelajaran matematika. Dalam Pendidikan Profesi Guru (PPG) Matematika di Universitas Pendidikan Bandung (UPI), kemampuan pedagogi ini dilatih melalui workshop yang disebut subject specific pedagogy (SSP). Tujuan dari kajian ini adalah mengembangkan suatu model/prosedur workshop yang efektif dalam mendorong peserta PPG untuk meningkatkan kompetensi pedagoginya. Model ini dikembangkan atas dasar teori segitiga didaktik antara siswa, guru dan materi yang meliputi Hubungan Didaktik (HD), Hubungan Pedagogik (HP) dan Antisipasi Didaktik-Pedagogik (ADP). Dengan mengikuti prosedur workshop yang telah ditetapkan ini, diperoleh desain pembelajaran matematika yang baru dan efektif. Hal ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan kompetensi pedagogik para peserta  PPG.  Kelemahan peserta akan penguasaan materi dapat diatasi melalui  pendalaman kembali (repersonalisasi) sebagai tugas mandiri, sedangkan kelemahan dalam memprediksi respon siswa dapat diatasi dengan memberikan para peserta pengalaman dalam mengobservasi dan refleksi.Kata kunci:   antisipasi didaktik-pedagogik, desain didaktis, hubungan didaktik, hubungan pedagogik, subject specific pedagogy
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN KOMUNIKASI DAN DISPOSISI MATEMATIK SISWA SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN GENERATIF
Authors: Isnaeni Isnaeni , Maya Rippi
Published: November 2015

Penelitian  ini merupakan suatu kuasi eksperimen berdesain pretes-postes kelompok kontrol dengan tujuan menelaah kemampuan komunikasi, dan disposisi matematik siswa melalui pembelajaran generatif. Laporan ini adalah bagian dari penelitian tesis dengan subyek penelitian sebanyak 70 siswa kelas X dari satu SMA Negeri di Cimahi.  Instrumen penelitian terdiri dari satu tes uraian komunikasi matematik, dan satu skala disposisi matematik. Penelitian menemukan bahwa kemampuan komunikasi siswa yang memperoleh pembelajaran generatif mencapai mutu yang cukup baik dan itu lebih baik daripada mutu siswa yang memperoleh pembelajaran konvensional. Namun penelitian ini juga menemukan tidak ada perbedaan disposisi matematik siswa pada kedua pembelajaran dan disposisi matematik siswa telah tergolong cukup baik. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga menemukan terdapat asosiasi antara kemampuan komunikasi matematik, dan disposisi matematik, serta siswa menunjukkan persepsi yang baik terhadap pembelajaran generatif.Kata kunci:   disposisi matematik, komunikasi matematik, pembelajaran generatif, persepsi  terhadap pembelajaran generatif.