bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RECTIFYING THE TEACHING OF INTENSIVE READING THROUGH METACOGNITIVE STRATEGY: A CASE IN AN INDONESIAN JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Authors: Zatalini Rinia
Published: April 2019

Since intensive reading has long been a part of curriculum core in Indonesia and is the main and only English skill tested in the National Examination, many teaching procedures usually focus on ways to assist students succeed in the examination. Therefore, there is a tendency for teachers to simply equip students with texts and help to make sense of the texts by translation so that enabling students to answer the given questions. While it may be helpful to some extent, there is a claim that this mode of teaching is (1) less accurate as it is deemed as practising reading, not teaching students how to read and (2) less effective for a mere texts’ translation affords insufficient support for profound understanding and autonomy in learning to occur. This paper thus addresses this teaching issue happened specifically in a junior high school in Indonesia, where teachers still use translation, i.e. Grammar Translation Method, in teaching reading with a lot of practices and less strategy of how to read. Theoretical foundations of intensive reading and theories of language learning are critically discussed, which then lead to suggest the metacognitive strategy as a potential solution to resolve the issue. This paper hence could (a) enhance our understanding on intensive reading and its relation to language learning theories and (b) offer an insight of possible solution to cope other cases similar to the one presented in this paper.
Dendrološke značajke Arboretuma Trsteno
Authors: Idžojtić Marilena , Poljak Igor , Kovačević Maja Anastazija , Šimić Ivan , Anić Igor
Published: April 2019

Arboretum Trsteno je povijesni ladanjski posjed s perivojima, starim maslinicima i prirodnom vegetacijom, kojim upravlja Hrvatska akademija znanosti i umjetnosti. Povijest ladanjske cjeline može se pratiti od 1494. godine, a Arboretum površine 28 ha osnovan je 1948. godine. Radi utvrđivanja sadašnjega bogatstva drvenastih svojti, biljke su determinirane tijekom 2017. i 2018. godine. Napravljena je dendrološka analiza te je učinjena usporedba sadašnjega bogatstva dendroflore u odnosu na literaturne podatke dostupne iz sredine i kraja prošloga, kao i početka ovoga stoljeća. U Arboretumu Trsteno sada raste 317 drvenastih svojti, od čega je 233 vrsta, 8 podvrsta, 2 varijeteta, 10 križanaca i 64 kultivara. Svojte pripadaju u 179 različitih rodova iz 82 porodice. Golosjemenjača je 19 svojti, a kritosjemenjača 298 svojti. Svojti autohtonih u Hrvatskoj je 84, odnosno 26 %, a među njima prevladavaju medite­ranske biljke. Od egzotičnih vrsta i podvrsta, odnosno onih koje rastu isključivo izvan europskoga kontinenta, najviše je azijskih vrsta (64), zatim slijede vrste s područja Amerike (45 vrsta), Afrike (14 vrsta) i Australije (6 vrsta). Jedinstvene ili vrlo rijetko prisutne svojte u Hrvatskoj su npr. Acacia cyclops A. Cunn. ex G. Don, A. karoo Hayne, Albizia amara (Roxb.) B. Boivin, Callitris preisii Miq., Casuarina cunninghamiana Miq., Persea indica (L.) Spreng., Retama sphaerocarpa Raf., Schinus weinmannifolius Engl. i Vitex negundo var. heterophylla (Franch.) Rehder. Od prvog popi­sa biljaka prije 65 godina do danas u Arboretum su unošene nove svojte. Ukupan broj svojti povećan je s 226 na 317. Tome je znantno pridonijelo obogaćanje zbirki pojedinih rodova, ali također i revizije prijašnjih determinacija koje su donijele na svjetlo brojne stare kultivare, kao npr. rodova Olea, Citrus, Aloe, Pelargonium i dr. Svojti koje su se od popisa 1953. godine do danas zadržale u Arboretumu je 148, što znači da je od današnjih 317 svojti nešto manje od pola bilo u Arboretumu i prije 65 godina. To je posljedica djelovanja niza čimbenika, uključujući klimu, uvjete uzgoja, požare, ali i bolesti i štetnike. Egzotične biljke toplih područja drugih kontinenata uglavnom su dobro prilagođene na stanišne uvjete u Arboretumu, međutim, povremeno stradaju od ekstremno niskih temperatura koje traju više dana. Arboretum Trsteno jedini je naš arboretum koji je pod upravom znanstvene institucije – Hrvatske akademije znanosti i umjetnosti te ispunjava zadatke postavljene pred povijesni arboretum u suvremenom svijetu.
Effects of alpha, beta momorcharin fruit extract with the combination of paclitaxel in the treatment of glioma cancer in-vivo.
Authors: MANOHARAN GUNASEKAR
Published: April 2019

The vegetable Momordica charantia L., (family: Cucurbitaceae) is a scientific name of the plant and its fruit. It is also known by other names, for instance in the USA it is known as Bitter gourd or balsam pear while its referred to as the African cucumber in many African countries.  M.charantiais believed to posse’s anti-carcinogenic properties and it can modulate its effect via xenobiotic metabolism and oxidative stress. This study was specifically designed to investigate the cellular mechanisms whereby α, β momorcharin an extract of M. charantiacan induce cell death with the combination of paclitaxel.  Different concentration (200µM - 1000µM)of the α, β momorcharin fruit extract were treated (24 hrs incubation) separately with three different cancer cell lines 1321N1, Gos-3, U87-MG and normal L6 muscle cell line. The results also show that paclitaxel(250 µg) with (1000 µM) of the α, β momorcharinextract of M. Charantia,and result in significant decreases in cell viability for each cell line, these effects were additive compared to the individual effect of paclitaxel.
INFLUENCE OF THE MAGNETIC FIELD ON THE LIVING ORGANISMS AND HUMANS
Authors: Naydenov Stefan , Petkova Sonia , Getsov Petar , Mardirossian Garo
Published: April 2019

The question of the influence of magnetism on biological objects for years has been a debate with many contradictory opinions. The article provides a brief overview of publications and various and contradictory views on the influence of magnetic fields on living organisms and humans. An explanation is sought for findings made in various scientific studies, as well as an answer to the question: Can a permanent magnetic field be useful for our health and under what conditions?
Key words: magnetic field, health, diagnostic, physiotherapy, physiological response
BIODEGRADATION OF CRUDE OIL AND LIGNIN-MODIFYING ENZYME ACTIVITY OF WHITE ROT BASIDIOMYCETES
Authors: Jokharidze Tina , Kachlishvili Eva , Elisashvili Vladimir
Published: April 2019

In the present study, the ability of eighteen white-rot basidiomycetes was evaluated for crude oil biodegradation. Cerrena unicolor strains, Panus tigrinus 433, P. lecometei 903, Pleurotus ostreatus 70, Trametes maxima 403, and T. versicolor 159 showed especially abundant mycelial growth on the surface of agar covered with droplets of crude oil. In the submerged cultivation in the glucose (3 g/L) containing medium, complete decolorization of indicator Resazurin was observed during two weeks in the presence of Bjerkandera adusta 139, C. unicolor 303, Coriolopsis gallica 142, P. ostreatus 70, P. pulmonarius 148, and T. versicolor 159. When artificially oil-polluted soil was inoculated with fungal mycelium pre-grown on a mixture of wheat straw and mandarin peels the maximum degradation rate (65%) was obtained when C. unicolor 305 was incubated in the 1% oil-containing soil for 28 days. At the same cultivation conditions, P. ostreatus 2175 eliminated 43.9% of initial oil when its concentration in the soil was increased to 2%. In the lignocellulose-containing soil, neither glucose nor yeast extract enhanced oil degradation, but wetting of soil with the distilled water to maintain its humidity favored oil elimination. The tested WRB secreted lignin-modifying enzymes in the presence of petroleum hydrocarbons; the higher was the concentration of lignocellulosic substrate in the soil the higher was the fungi enzyme activity. However, the data received did not show any direct relationship between the fungi enzyme activity and the degree of oil elimination.
Key words: mycoremediation, crude oil, basidiomycetes, cultivation conditions, lignin-modifying enzymes
Testing criteria for object oriented visual dataflow languages
Authors: Karam Marcel R.
Published: April 2019

Commercial and research Visual Dataflow Languages (VDFLs) with object oriented features have had a substantial impact on end-user programming. Like any other object oriented programming languages, be they visual or textual, VDFLs often contain faults. In this article we investigate, from a data-flow testing perspective, the various side effects introduced by objects behavior in VDFLs. Our findings helped us establish the theoretical and practical foundations needed to adapt code-based data-flow test adequacy criteria to VDFLs, in the context of Prograph [7], and provide users of the latter with some of the error detection benefits of traditional object oriented testing.
An ArgoUML metamodel extension for the workflow systems
Authors: Debnath Narayan , Riesco Daniel , Montejano German
Published: April 2019

The Unified Model Language (UML) has nine diagrams. One of them is the activity diagram. This allows the modeling of business processes. A business process is a set of logically related tasks executed to achieve a business result. Workflow systems are those systems based on software that allow automating total or partially a business process. Workflow is defined as a set of methods and technologies that offer facilities for the modeling and administration of diverse processes that happen inside a company.

The Workflow Management Coalition (WfMC) has established a standard that allows the interoperability among applications workflow. The proposed standard includes a model of the workflow processes, Workflow Metamodel, and a language of specification of processes in XML (XPDL).

ArgoUML is a CASE tool for the analysis and design of objects oriented software systems. ArgoUML uses NSUML metamodel implementing the UML metamodel defined by the Objet Management Group (OMG). The ArgoUML tool is open source and it allows building all the types of defined diagrams in UML. In this work, we propose an extension of the NSUML, the core of ArgoUML metamodel. In this way, the ArgoUML incorporates the possibility to model and to simulate workflow processes.
Study of the characteristics of CT-Equivalence with proves
Authors: El-Gendy Hazem
Published: April 2019

“Semantic” equivalence between process specifications is essential for various phases of the development of computer/telecommunications protocols as well as other systems. This includes the verifications of the refined communicating entities and their underlying service provider against their service specifications. It includes also checking the equivalence of competing designs while developing the National or International Standards. Also, it is needed in transforming a specification given in the algebraic International Standardization Organization (ISO) Formal Description Technique (FDT) Lotos into an equivalent version given in the ISO FDT Estelle or the FDT SDL (Specification and Description Language) developed by the Telecommunications Standardization Section of the International Telecommunications Union (TSS/ITU). Nevertheless, often in conformance testing/certification testing of the final products this is needed to facilitate the derivation of testing sequences. In the literature, there are many notions for equivalence that aim at ratifying the problem of semantic equivalence. In this paper, we study the characteristics of Conformance Testing (CT) Equivalence. We prove that CT Equivalence ratifies significant problems with the other notions of “semantic equivalence” in the literature. We prove that CT Equivalence is a congruent equivalence and develop an application of it in verification.
A wireless ad hoc protocols comparison study: DSR, AODV and IWAR
Authors: El-Afandi Hamed , Hosseini Hossein , Vairavan K.
Published: April 2019

Wireless ad hoc networks are relatively new and are gaining ground in research due to promises they offer. Wireless ad hoc networks do not require predefined configuration and have no fixed infrastructure. They are self-organizing and self-configuring networks. Several protocols have been developed that vary in the performance and complexity. Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) is a well-known pure on-demand protocol. It is a simple protocol and it was designed to have low overhead. But it does not select the optimal routes all the times. Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance-Vector (AODV) protocol is a wireless ad hoc protocol that makes its routing decision based on the distance vector. The Intelligent Wireless Ad hoc Routing (IWAR) is newly introduced protocol that it is also dynamic on-demand protocol. It implements more complex algorithm to select optimal routes and provide load balancing. This paper describes the DSR and AODV protocols, presents the design of the IWAR protocol, and compares the complexity, optimality, overhead traffic and fault tolerance of these protocols.
Fault-tolerant performance checking application for distributed computing and supply chain networks
Authors: Hassan Umair , Soh Ben
Published: April 2019

This paper presents a model/simulation of a fault tolerant system along with its implementation. The system also keeps track on the performance of the system and adjust it when a need arises. In order for the system to be fault tolerant we have to provide redundancies in the system. This is extremely important for systems, such as supply chain networks, whereby agents communicate with each other and a problem in the system can induce a ripple effect, leading to system-wide outage. Along with speed/bandwidth a need arises for this data flow to be consistent and the mechanism to be fault tolerant. The architecture is based on the concept of grid computing, but in this paper we focus mainly on developing a simulation of the process and develop components, which can monitor the simulation along with providing fault tolerance. Monitoring and fault tolerance are related to each other, as we can't provide fault tolerance without monitoring the system.
Execution of distributed queries in the web environment
Authors: Hu Gongzhu , Zhang David
Published: April 2019

Database query processing is one of the fundamental issues in data engineering, particularly when more and more databases become distributed over the Internet in the last decade. There have been several approaches to the problem of distributed query processing (DQP), some were successful in the client-server environment but not so in an environment with heterogeneous and autonomous databases. The challenge relies on the nature of the Internet and the Web that pose many difficulties to the problem in hand. In this paper, we propose a model that uses an XML standard and its equivalent in-memory data structure to achieve data sharing, and invokes XML Web services in asynchronous mode to allow local database management systems to efficiently process local data. This approach, like XJoin, allows progress to be made even when data sources experience delays. It builds a layer on top of existing database management systems to minimize the complexity and cost for processing distributed queries that is critical for making such a method practical.
Best hybrid classifiers for intrusion detection
Authors: Kholfi Sanaa , Habib Muhammad , Aljahdali Sultan
Published: April 2019

We present in this paper an intrusion detection software-system that we have built based on combined statistical and computational models to detect intrusions and classify them as attack or non-attack. More specifically, we build a computational machine to derive optimal parsimonious hybrid model of classifiers in intrusion detection. The classifiers are based on the following classification methods, Naïve Bayes-NB, K-nearest neighbor-K-nn, and Neural networks-NN.
Optimal statistical model for forecasting ozone
Authors: Abdollahian M. , Foroughi R. , Debnath N.
Published: April 2019

The objective of this paper is to apply time series analysis and multiple regression method to ozone data in order to obtain the optimal statistical model for forecasting next day ozone level. The best estimated model is then used to produce one-step ahead point and interval estimates of future values of the ozone series. Ozone data is analyzed using time series analysis, which resulted in an Auto Regressive Moving Average, ARMA (20, 2) with Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE)=42%. Applying multiple regression method and examination of several possible contributing factors, showed that Wind speed, Mixing height where the complex chemical reactions that produce ozone take place, current and predicted next day temperatures and current ozone concentration are influential on the next day ozone concentration levels. Diagnostics tests and statistics including R-square, residual analysis and Durbin-Watson Statistic (DW) were applied in order to select the best fitted model and finally the best prediction model was found using MAPE and Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD) as predictive criteria. Regression analysis of this data, using tomorrow's and today's maximum temperature, today's wind speed and tomorrow's maximum height at 10 am, as explanatory variables results in R-square of 50.7% with MAD=12.423, MAPE=30% and DW=1.66
A hybrid cryptosystem based on WEP for 802.11 networks
Authors: Haraty Ramzi A. , El Horr Walid
Published: April 2019

Wireless is the next generation networking technology. The security of such technology is very critical because its physical layer is the electro-magnetic waves that can be easily intercepted by anyone. The original security protocol for 802.11 wireless networks is called WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy). It is a protocol that is based on symmetric-key encryption algorithm RC4 (Rivest Cipher 4). Unfortunately, this protocol had many flaws that made it exposed to many attacks. This paper presents a set of improvements for WEP, which include key management and distribution, and authentication. These improvements convert WEP to a hybrid cryptosystem, a system that is based on both a symmetric-key algorithm and an asymmetric-key algorithm.
Challenges and opportunities for improving code-based testing of graphical user interfaces
Authors: Karam Marcel R. , Dascalu Sergiu M. , Hazimé Rami H.
Published: April 2019

The research presented in this paper introduces an execution model for graphical user interfaces (GUIs) that we have developed and formalized as a sequence of actions and finite output states. This model has allowed us to investigate the possibility of applying code-based testing methodologies to testing graphical user interfaces. Our findings highlighted challenges and revealed opportunities to adapt code-based testing methodology to verify the correctness of such interfaces. In particular, the “All-OP-DUs” technique provides important error detection capability and can be applied effectively to test GUIs. This paper also introduces Xtester, the GUI testing tool we are currently building to empirically evaluate our proposed testing criteria.
Overhead elimination mechanisms in real-time systems
Authors: Lee Ilhyun , Lee Haesun K. , Debnath Narayan
Published: April 2019

The OEM (Overhead Elimination Mechanism), a scheduler for finding minimal overheads with reduced context switches in real-time systems, was developed using procedural methods. Software produced by these methods has often proven to be inflexible and difficult to modify or enhance. Because an object-oriented approach makes it easier to enhance the system, we will explore an object-oriented OEM, OOEM, in real-time environments. The OOEM (Object-oriented Overhead Elimination Mechanism) is the shift result from the transition from procedural approach to object-oriented approach and it will be a basis for building more dynamic real time environments such as aperiodic, BP, and sporadic.

The operation, implementation, and performance of the OEM and OOEM will be presented. A comparison between our algorithms and other well-known algorithms in terms of context switches will also be shown. A valuable contribution of this research is to provide the real-time system designer with a wide range of alternative for reducing the complexity of system development and can lead higher quality system.
Estudo e definição de uma arquitetura de computação em Névoa para Smart farms
Authors: Capeletto Abdala M. , Massao Hachisuca A. M.
Published: April 2019

A agricultura moderna exige o aumento da produção de alimentos para suprir as demandas do crescimento da população mundial. Para este objetivo, novas tecnologias e soluções estão sendo aplicadas neste domínio, através da coleta e processamento de informações para aumentar significativamente a produtividade. Nos últimos anos, a evolução tecnológica, permitiu a produção de componentes eletrônicos como sensores e microcontroladores a um custo acessível, permitindo que novos conceitos fossem criados, dentre eles destaca-se a Internet das Coisas (Internet of Things – IoT). Através do uso de diversos sensores distribuídos pela propriedade é possível monitorar diferentes variáveis como solo, clima e a própria cultura, porém, o monitoramento remoto das lavouras é um grande desafio tecnológico, pois existe a necessidade de transmitir, armazenar e processar grandes volumes de dados gerados pela rede de sensores, assim como possuir viabilidade econômica para a sua utilização em larga escala e em pequenas propriedades. Para auxiliar no tratamento desse grande volume de dados no local da aplicação é necessário adicionar uma camada de poder computacional entre os dispositivos IoT e a nuvem. Nesse sentido surge um novo conceito chamado computação em névoa, este trata de realizar análise, armazenamento e processamento dos dados na borda da rede. Neste contexto surge o projeto SmartFarm, que se baseia no desenvolvimento de solução de hardware e software para a construção de uma rede de sensores agrícolas (AioT). Essa arquitetura possibilita ao produtor e/ou pesquisadores acompanhar os diversos estádios da planta remotamente e em tempo real auxiliando-os na tomada de decisão. Dessa forma para o desenvolvimento de uma plataforma de comunicação, armazenamento e pré-processamento de dados, foi utilizado um Raspberry Pi 3 modelo B atuando como névoa, protocolo de comunicação MQTT e uma API desenvolvida em Node.js para o fornecimento das informações para o usuário.
Estudo e desenvolvimento de uma plataforma para a Agricultura de Precisão utilizando o conceito SMART FARM empregando Veículos Aéreos Não Tripulados (VANTs)
Authors: Silva CSM , Hachisuca AMM
Published: April 2019

Cresce o número de produtores e empresas de alimentos que utilizam sistemas baseados em Agricultura de Precisão (AP), para melhorar sua produtividade, seus produtos e os seus meios de produção. Utilizando componentes como sensores, para aquisição de informações, robôs na automação de tarefas, máquinas inteligentes e Veículos aéreos Não Tripulados (VANTs), também conhecidos como drones, para aquisição de imagens da lavoura. Surge a necessidade de armazenar, processar e gerenciar dados produzidos em uma fazenda, possibilitando a criação de uma plataforma computacional para gerenciamento destas informações, introduzindo ao conceito de uma fazenda digital (Smart Farm). Empresas e agricultores começam a considerar o uso de robôs para a automação de tarefas agrícolas. O uso de VANTs com avançados sensores e captura de imagens, relativamente baratos, estão criando novas formas de aumentar os lucros e reduzir os danos à produção. Drones estão ganhando espaço no mercado civil, empresas como Intel, Qualcomm, Microsoft, Apple já investiram em 2017, mais de US$500 milhões nesta área. Nos últimos anos, está crescendo a procura pela utilização de drones no sensoriamento remoto. O mapeamento aéreo de propriedades agrícolas tem como resultado, um meio de estimar a produção atual, monitorando o progresso ao longo do tempo. Nesse contexto, surge o projeto Smart Farm, com o objetivo de gerenciar e processar informações oriundas de sensores, ou imagens de um drone. Um módulo nesta plataforma consiste na criação de missões para captura de imagens da lavoura, ou em pontos específicos da propriedade. Assim, foi desenvolvido um aplicativo Android, capaz de controlar drones da empresa Dà-Jiāng Innovations (DJI), com base em seu SDK mobile. Utilizando o GPS, Google Maps e o SDK é possível criar uma missão pré-programada, no qual o drone seguirá pontos capturando imagens em diferentes ângulos e direções para pós processamento destas imagens na plataforma.
Telemetria e sistema de aquisição de dados em voo para uma Aeronave Remotamente Pilotada (RPA) telemaster.
Authors: Ferreira C. O. , Nepomuceno L. M. , Negreiros S. L. V. , Neves A. M. , Silva R. G. A. , Góes L. C. , Fischer C.
Published: April 2019

Neste trabalho serão apresentados o desenvolvimento e a implementação da telemetria e do sistema de aquisição de dados para uma Aeronave Remotamente Pilotada (RPA), derivado do inglês (“Remotely Piloted Aircraft”), o Telemaster, que pertence ao Laboratório de Sistemas Aeronáuticos (LSA) no Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica (ITA). Para essa aeronave foram desenvolvidos e instalados sensores de posição para aquistar o ângulo de deflexão das superfícies de controle nos ailerons, profundores e no leme. Para o desenvolvimento dos sensores foram estudados diferentes tipos de estruturas mecânicas bem como diferentes tipos de sensores, a fim de obter a melhor configuração para esta aplicação especifica. Também foram instalados um sistema GPS (Global Positioning System, sistema de posicionamento global), para obter informações sobre o posicionamento geográfico da aeronave, e um tubo de pitot com o propósito de coletar dados anemométricos dos ensaios em voo realizados. O sistema de aquisição de dados e comunicação com a Estação de Pilotagem Remota RPS, derivado do inglês (“Remotely Piloted Station”) foi desenvolvido utilizando a plataforma Arduino e um sistema de antenas de radiofrequência em 915 MHz, esta frequência foi adotada para não ter interferência com o sistema de controle manual da aeronave que é de 2.4 GHz. Para a estação de pilotagem remota foi desenvolvido um sistema de processamento de dados usando o software Scilab. Esse sistema desenvolvido faz parte de um projeto maior que tem como finalidade elaborar o modelo matemático da RPA Telemaster a fim de projetar o controle e torná-lo um veículo autônomo.
Responsabilidad de las instituciones de educación superior en la construcción de un nuevo tejido emprendedor empresarial
Authors: Jurado Irina
Published: April 2019

El emprendimiento es un tema ampliamente abordado bajo diferentes enfoques que van desde lo económico, pasan por lo sociológico, psicológico y finalizando con lo administrativo, sin embargo, no existe una consolidación de todas estas ciencias sobre el significado de este término en torno de su contribución al desarrollo y crecimiento de las comunidades. Sin embargo, y pese a lo antes expuesto, es indudable la importancia que tiene este tema en el contexto actual, más aún, cuando los permanentes cambios, en la humanidad traen consigo un sinnúmero de problemáticas que podrían ampliar sustancialmente la brecha entre quienes tienen y quienes no poseen recursos económicos suficientes para cubrir sus propias necesidades como las de sus núcleos familiares. Bajo este escenario, la labor que cumple el sistema educativo, en especial las Instituciones de Educación Superior, es muy significativo, toda vez que la razón de ser de ellas se orienta a la formación académica orientada hacia una mentalidad emprendedora y de liderazgo. En este sentido, el presente artículo involucra varios aspectos relevantes entorno a la cultura de emprendimiento, que inicia con una revisión conceptual y normativa, para posteriormente abordar el análisis de la responsabilidad de las Instituciones de Educación Superior, y finalizar con la revisión de casos exitosos en el contexto educativo colombiano.
Análisis del ingreso de nuevos competidores en el mercado y su efecto en la rentabilidad de la pymes ubicadas en el cantón Milagro, período 2013 - 2014
Authors: Zúñiga Santillán Xiomara Leticia , Valero Camino Magdalena Iralda , Cabezas Zea Mauricio Gregorio
Published: April 2019

La investigación está integrada por capítulos donde se describe el proceso científico para plantear una solución a los problemas de las PYMES del cantón Milagro.  El Capítulo I contiene la problemática que radica en el hecho de que el mercado cada día cuenta con la presencia de nuevos competidores de diversos tamaños y poder económico, siendo  los negocios de menor tamaño quienes deben asumir el reto de compartir la demanda y trabajar en función de evitar la amenaza de disminución de sus niveles de rentabilidad, a su vez se plantea como objetivo de investigación analizar de qué forma el ingreso de nuevos competidores afectan la rentabilidad de las PYMES del Cantón Milagro, período 2013 – 2014 y posteriormente en el Capítulo II se desarrolla el marco teórico en base a las variables de investigación, hasta plantear las hipótesis.  La parte metodológica de la investigación se presenta en el Capítulo III, donde se dejó claro que el tipo y diseño de investigación es descriptiva, explicativa, cuanti - cualitativa y exploratoria, requiriéndose de técnicas de investigación como la encuesta, la misma que al aplicarse permitió recoger datos y transformarlos en información de primer orden para la verificación de hipótesis.  De esta forma la investigación presenta las conclusiones en base a los objetivos de investigación hasta establecer las recomendaciones que permitan viabilizar una solución al problema de las PYMES.
Uso de redes sociales para actividades académicas colaborativas en la educación universitaria ecuatoriana
Authors: Suasnabas Pacheco Lenin Stalin , Olivero Félix Rafel , Morán Alvarado Maritza , Schreiber ´Parra María José
Published: April 2019

El presente trabajo de investigación es un ensayo analítico, sobre el tema uso de redes sociales para actividades académicas en la educación universitaria Ecuatoriana. El apogeo y la dispersión en el desarrollo de las redes sociales, es la principal vía de comunicación para la sociedad. Gracias a las Web. 2.0 las redes sociales online están ganando terreno frente a otra alternativas de comunicación de vía internet. Las redes sociales son un punto estratégico para la enseñanza y el aprendizaje, generando comunicación además de socialización, creando identidad en el campo educativo universitario, con lo cual es una excelente fuente  para potenciar el aprendizaje, así como atender las exigencias propias de la educación. En este artículo se hace un análisis del uso de las redes sociales para actividades académicas colaborativas en la educación universitaria Ecuatoriana. Se consideraron como núcleos teóricos para esta investigación: ¿Que son las Redes Sociales?, Uso de las Redes Sociales en actividades académicas, trabajo colaborativo, trabajo cooperativo y uso de las redes sociales en la educación universitaria ecuatoriana. Se concluye que el  uso académico de las redes sociales dadas la profundidad de su implantación en las rutinas diarias de los estudiantes universitarios permite la utilización como una herramienta tecnológica para apoyar el trabajo pedagógico del sector universitario. Aunque se ha avanzado poco en Ecuador en el uso de las redes sociales en las universidades, en el futuro se esperan buenos resultados por su potencial educativo
Residuos mineros y contaminación ambiental en la mina inactiva Matahambre
Authors: Pérez Vásquez Ramón Guillermo , Romero Francisco Martín , Prol Ledesma Rosa María , Alvarez Laura Núñez , Hernández Escobar Arturo
Published: April 2019

El trabajo que presentamos a continuación es una parte de un trabajo más complejo que se realizó en la zona de Taxco en México y Santa Lucía y Matahambre en el noroeste de Pinar del Río, Cuba. En este caso se exponen los resultados del estudio detallado de las áreas aledañas a la mina subterránea inactiva cuprífera Matahambre, en la parte más occidental de la actual provincia de Pinar del Río, Cuba. Se estudiaron los residuos acumulados en la presa de cola y las áreas aledañas a la mina. Se tomaron muestras liquidas a lo largo del arroyo que drena desde dicha presa de cola y hasta una distancia de 200 metros, se pudo observar que ya a los 15 metros de distancia el drenaje dejaba de ser ácido. A partir de aquí se obtuvieron valores de pH de alrededor de 7.53. Posteriormente se compararon los resultados obtenidos en la mina inactiva a cielo abierto Santa Lucía y Taxco. Se pudo concluir que en el yacimiento Matahambre no existe afectación al medio ambiente. Esto es debido a las condiciones en que se encuentra la presa de cola y la atenuación natural del cobre y demás Elementos Potencialmente Tóxicos (EPT). La utilización de dicha presa como un sitio de cultivo de hortalizas y vegetales, luego de aislarla con una capa de arena y capa vegetal con turba, ayuda considerablemente a aislar los depósitos que contienen minerales residuos del proceso de beneficio del yacimiento Matahambre,   para evitar  la aparición de drenaje ácido de mina. Esto podría ser una solución para otros sitios mineros donde la presa de cola o jales se encuentran a la intemperie y generan gran cantidad de drenaje ácido de mina.
Participación de los esclavos de Esmeraldas en las guerras de independencia (1809-1822). La construcción étnica de un proyecto social en medio de la libertad
Authors: Novoa Rocío Rueda
Published: April 2019

Este ensayo explora la participación de los esclavizados del norte de la provincia de Esmeraldas en las contiendas por la independencia de la corona española, unos sujetos sociales que frente a la promesa de la insurgencia de otorgarles la libertad, decidieron luchar a favor de la causa republicana. La intención era continuar y asegurar la construcción de comunidades e identidades colectivas en medio de la libertad y autonomía, iniciado con el arribo de esclavos provenientes de las minas neogranadinas a la provincia de Esmeraldas. Con este objetivo demandaron del nuevo Estado republicano el reconocimiento como hombres libres y ser incluidos como ciudadanos en el nuevo ordenamiento social republicano: propuesta realizada por el discurso liberal independentista. Una propuesta que quedó en el discurso frente a lo cual los negros de las minas debieron idear diversas estrategias para continuar reproduciendo su forma de vida en medio de la libertad.
¿Qué habilidades lingüísticas se deben desarrollar en un estudiante pre-universitario?
Authors: Sánchez Pazmiño Karen Natacha
Published: April 2019

El presente trabajo pretende servir de guía a los docentes de los cursos pre universitarios para superar las falencias lingüísticas con las que ingresan los bachilleres, ya que al llegar a la nivelación los estudiantes deberían poseer un cúmulo de habilidades en lenguaje, que les facilite tanto la comprensión cuanto la producción de textos académicos, pero la realidad es otra, ellos presentan grandes dificultades en el campo de la comprensión lectora y por ende del nivel lector, así como también en el campo de la escritura para redactar sus ideas y los problemas de ortografía, y sintaxis son muy significativos, lo que provoca limitaciones en la comunicación oral y en la producción de escritos. Después de una breve definición de lo que son las habilidades lingüísticas, se procede seleccionar las que se consideren básicas como: el saber hablar, leer, y escribir, posteriormente se dará unos consejos o sugerencias sobre cómo potenciar el desarrollo de éstas habilidades lingüísticas en estudiantes pre- universitarios; siendo el punto central del presente trabajo.
Análisis bibliométrico sobre la producción de artículos científicos relacionados con rutas turísticas en (REDALYC) en el periodo 2005 - 2017
Authors: Guevara Rosero Jairo Mauricio , Leyva Vásquez Noryuan Carlos
Published: April 2019

El trabajo realizado, tuvo como objetivo hacer un estudio sobre la producción de artículos científicos relacionados con rutas turísticas publicados en la Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina y el Caribe (REDALYC) en el periodo 2005 – 2017, para tal efecto se usó como metodología el análisis bibliométrico, dando como resultado una muestra de 21 artículos que tratan del tema, y que fueron mayormente producidos entre los años 2011 y 2015, concentrados en 11 revistas indexadas, de ellas 5 especializadas en turismo. En el análisis, las publicaciones fueron agrupadas por categorías o tendencias, siendo el diseño de Rutas Turísticas los más representativos. Muchos de los artículos se encuentran publicados en España y en menor cuantía en Argentina, Brasil y Colombia,  predominando como idioma de publicación el español. Luego de los análisis, se puede manifestar que las publicaciones sobre rutas turísticas son muy escasas, a pesar de que la actividad turística en los países en desarrollo constituye un factor económico fundamental.
Análisis de procesos en unidades de atención al usuario en instituciones públicas caso de estudio: dirección provincial IESS el Oro
Authors: Vite Cevallos Harry Alexander , Romero Black Wilton Eduardo , Vargas Collaguazo Johanna Del Rosario
Published: April 2019

Las unidades administrativas de atención al usuario se están convirtiendo en la línea de entrada de toda organización que busca posicionarse en el mercado, ofreciendo atención de calidad, solventando las inquietudes referentes al servicio que se ofrece. Las instituciones públicas en el país han implementado a lo largo de estos 10 últimos años diferentes canales de atención al público, evidenciando grandes avances en la forma de atender a los ciudadanos, mejorando el canal de comunicación entre las organizaciones y los usuarios, sin embargo, en muchas dependencias públicas los tiempos de espera de atención son excesivos, generando descontento y malestar en  los ciudadanos que acuden con la finalidad de resolver sus inquietudes. Actualmente, en el sector público, las unidades administrativas de atención no han implementado estándares de atención al público, por lo cual, se estableció como objetivo, evaluar los procesos administrativos de atención al afiliado, del Centro de Atención Universal de la Dirección Provincial IESS El Oro, a fin de proponer estrategias de atención, que faciliten disminuir los tiempos en las actividades que realizan, brindando un servicio de calidad y calidez a los afiliados de la provincia y el país, logrando una vez implementada la propuesta, disminuir significativamente la espera y agilizar la atención a los afiliados.
Estrategias de control de brucelosis bovina en hatos lecheros de la Asociación Rancheros del Norte el Carmelo – Carchi
Authors: Ibarra Rosero Edison Marcelo , Campos Vallejo Rolando Martín , Peña Chamorro Julio Jairo , Herrera Ramirez Carlos David , Mina Ortega Jorge Iván
Published: April 2019

La Brucelosis es una zoonosis que tiene importancia por su repercusión en la salud humana, especialmente en el grupo económicamente activo y por el impacto en la economía del país. Constituyéndose como principal fuente de infección para la persona, el consumo de queso fresco elaborado con leche sin pasteurizar proveniente de vacas infectadas. A pesar que la brucelosis   ha sido controlada y erradicada en muchos países del mundo, Ecuador continua siendo un país endémico y con prevalencias de entre 1 y 10%. El presente estudio se llevó a cabo en hatos lecheros pertenecientes a La Asociación Rancheros del Norte de la Parroquia El Carmelo, Cantón Tulcán, Provincia del Carchi. Se realizó un diagnostico serológico en muestras de suero sanguíneo (n=919) que fueron obtenidas de hembras bovinas del total de hatos pertenecientes a los socios de la Asociación (n=72). El suero fue analizado a través de la prueba Rosa de Bengala (RB), y los resultados positivos fueron confirmados mediante una prueba enzimática competitiva (cELISA). La incidencia de brucelosis bovina en la Asociación Rancheros del Norte es de 1.30% (12/919 animales), y como estrategia de control lo que se realiza en la Asociación es el diagnóstico y salida de animales seropositivos.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Unintentional Injuries Among Old People in Urban Zunyi, Southwest China
Authors: Wang Xue , Yu Huiting , Nie Chan , Wang Chao , Shi Xiuquan
Published: April 2019

Objective: To describe the KAP (knowledge, attitude and practice, KAP) and explore the influence factors for UIs (unintentional injuries, UIs) among the elderly (aged>﹦60 years) in urban districts of Zunyi, China. Methods: Using random cluster sampling method, a survey was conducted with questionnaires, to collect UIs and related KAP in the elderly and analyze its influencing factors. Results: The annual incidence of UIs (falls, burns, traffics, etc.) was 17.46% in some urban districts of Zunyi. Among them, 27.94% elderly regarded UI as a type of disease; the channels to acquire related knowledge through TV (79.05%), listening to others’ narration (56.83%), community publicity (26.03%), books or newspapers (22.86%) and internet (9.84%). While 76.51% of the elderly believed that UIs were preventable; 81.59% old people worried about UIs; 93.97% of the elderly chose to seek help when they suffered UIs; and 95.25% of elderly people followed traffic rules when crossing the road. In the case of gas use, 25.77% of the cases were checked and closed each time, 40% and 20% old people would check the time before taking the medicine, and purchasing food. Factors affecting the occurrence of UIs were age, heart disease (both P<0.05). Moreover, the living condition had an effect on “whether considering UIs as a kind of disease” (P=0.003). Conclusion: The KAP of UIs in the elderly is not optimistic, though most elderly people think the damage can be prevented; prevention on UIs related behavior needs to be enhanced. We should arouse the public to pay more attentions to keep elderly people far away UIs risk factors in this area.
Public Health Research Ethics and Clinical Research Ethics. How we differentiate?
Authors: Rafique Zoheb
Published: April 2019

This article talks about both clinical research ethics and public health research ethics. Clinical research ethics are defined as set of relevant ethics considered necessary for the conduct of clinical trials in field of the clinical research. While public health research ethics is mainly aimed at finding out what is best for the communities and the populations rather than the individuals. Research ethics is mainly focused on the protection of individual participants and some of the research norms and accepted principles may be challenging when applying in some of the research contexts.
On Efficient Causation for Homosexual Behaviours among Traditional Africans: An Exploration of the Traditional Yoruba Model
Authors: Olugbenga Dasaolu Babajide
Published: April 2019

In the face of the recent backlashes against homosexual persons in Africa, on the ground that the phenomenon is un-African and/or threat to procreation and marital values, it is pertinent to review the discourse in the light of how ancient Africans perceived the reality. This is imperative given the lack of consensus on the part of scientists to disinter a conclusive finding on what causes homosexual behaviours among humans. In this research, I employ traditional Yorùbá philosophy to provide a plausible justification for homosexuality among the people. In the face of this justification via Yorùbá folklore, I find that there is no documented evidence among the ancient Yorùbá that is suggestive of discrimination and stigmatization of homosexuals and inter-sex persons. As homosexual persons were respected but not criminalized, this study recommends the regurgitation of this outlook in the contemporaneous dealings with homosexual persons, beginning with the repealing of the Same-Sex Marriage Prohibition Act of 2014 in Nigeria, which is inconsistent with African values and outlooks on the subject.
Friction Stir Welding of Aerospace Alloys
Authors: Mishra Akshansh , Dixit Devarrishi
Published: April 2019

Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is a solid state joining process which possesses a great potential to revolutionise the aerospace industries. Distinctive materials are selected as aerospace alloys to withstand higher temperature and loads. Sometimes these alloys are difficult to join by a conventional welding process but they are easily welded by FSW process. The FSW process in aerospace applications can be used for: aviation for fuel tanks, repair of faulty welds, cryogenic fuel tanks for space vehicles. Eclipse Aviation, for example, has reported dramatic production cost reductions with FSW when compared to other joining technologies. This paper will discuss about the mechanical and microstructure properties of various aerospace alloys which are joined by FSW process.
In Vitro Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Activity of Jamun (Eugenia jambolana Linn) Plants Parts Collected from Lahore, Pakistan
Authors: Zahra Nureen , Nadir Momna , Malik Arif , Shaukat Ayesha , Parveen Asia , Tariq Muhammad
Published: April 2019

Our research work based on the qualitative and quantitative phytochemical studies including the antioxidant activity of extracts (ethanolic and aqueous) obtained from leaf, stem and seed of Eugenia jambolana plant. Qualitatively phytochemical analysis was done by biochemical testing, quantitative estimation was taken spectrophotometrically and antioxidant activity of extracts was tested by DPPH radical scavenging. Qualitative and quantitative outcomes of our study explain that ethanol is applicable solvent system that comprises high quantity of bioactive compounds than water solvent system. Antioxidant activity revealed that ethanolic leaf, seed and stem extracts removed free radicals 68%, 98% and 33% respectively in contrast with water extracts of leaf, seed and stem 5.09%, 1.25% and 7.26% respectively. Ascorbic acid was taken as standard that kills 97% free radical species. Extracts in ethanol solvent system displayed protruding antioxidant activity and also contains high amount of phtyo-chemicals.
Insidious Cerebral Capillary Trauma from Motor Vehicle-Induced Vibration
Authors: Grewal Prabhjot , Goyal Samita , Matloub Magdelana , Shen FengYi , Zhang Lin-ling , Matloub Hani , Havlik Robert , Yan Ji-Geng
Published: April 2019

Cumulative cerebral injury from motor vehicle-induced whole body vibration has not been demonstrated thus far. Our lab has demonstrated isolated cerebral injury from whole body vibration and we believe that repetitive vibration can cause cumulative insults, impairing cerebral function. A simulated motor vehicle-induced whole body vibration study was conducted with fifty-six Sprague-Dawley rats divided into seven groups (N=8): (1) 8-week control group; (2) 8-week vibration group (exposed to whole body vibration at 30 Hz and 0.5g acceleration for 4 hours/day, 5 days/week for 8 weeks);

(3) 8-week vibration group with preconditioning human apolipoprotein A-I molecule mimetic (4F); (4) 8-week vibration group with post conditioning 4F peptide; (5) 8-week vibration group with pre and post conditioning 4F peptide; (6) 12-week control group; and (7) 12-week vibration group (exposed to the same vibration, 5 days/week for 12 weeks). At the end point, all rats were evaluated by brain histo-pathological studies. The pathology demonstrated capillary constriction with surrounding edema as well as thickened, uneven and damaged capillary walls. Capillary constriction reduces the oxygen supply to cerebral neurons, leading to neuronal damage. In the 12-week vibration group, each effect was more pronounced as compared to the 8-week vibration group. There was no prominent cerebral capillary damage in the 4F-peptide conditioning groups. This study showed cumulative cerebral injury from motor vehicle-induced whole body vibration and demonstrated the preventative effect of 4F-peptide conditioning.