bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design and construction of the mined Kısıklı Station on the Üsküdar‐Çekmeköy Metro Line Project
Authors: Özcan Barış , Duman Emre , Türkoǧlu Aykut , Kayalı Sanem , Saenz Ignacio
Published: August 2016

The Üsküdar‐Çekmeköy Metro Line (UCM), which is located on the Asian side of Istanbul, is an 18 km underground metro line with 27 km of TBM tunnel, 13 km of NATM tunnel and 16 stations. Apart from being a completely tunnelled station, it has several other features. It is the deepest station in this metro line with the platform depth 45 m below surface level. The station is being built in a complex geology that contains several passive fault zones. The ticket hall and technical rooms are also located in an NATM tunnel with an excavated width of 20 m. Most of the passenger circulation is planned to be carried out by elevators.

The station has been designed with two levels of NATM tunnels with four main elliptical shafts. The geology varies from very strong quartz arenite with a compressive strength of 77 MPa to highly weathered fault zones containing andesite. The complex geometry and geology of the station dictated utmost care for excavation and final lining design of the NATM sections in order to provide stability during excavation and sufficient structural capacity in case of a seismic event.
Istanbul Strait Road Tube Crossing: Design of NATM Tunnels and Asian Transition Box Excavation
Authors: Kohlböck Bernhard , Koc Onur , Ayten Türkay
Published: August 2016

Istanbul is among the fastest growing megacities in the world and the only one located on two continents, divided by the Bosphorus strait. The geographic situation together with the enormous growth of population impose great challenges, especially considering urban and infrastructure development. The Bosphorus Strait Road tunnel, also called Eurasia Tunnel, is the first road tunnel connecting the European and the Asian side of the city with the aim of alleviating Istanbul's traffic pressure and reducing the travel time between Kazlıçeşme and Göztepe from 100 to 15 minutes. This article focuses on the design of the twin tunnels and the transition box from NATM to TBM on the Asian side.
TBM Tunnel under the Bosphorus for the Istanbul Strait Road Crossing Project
Authors: Arioglu Basar , Gokce Hasan Burak , Malcioglu Fatma Sevil , Arioglu Ergin
Published: August 2016

The population increase in Istanbul is also reflected in car ownership, which brings an extensive traffic load to the city, especially to the two bridges over the Bosphorus. After feasibility studies, a double deck, 3.4 km subsea tunnel with a 13.7 m diameter at a maximum depth of 106 m below sea level and a capacity of 100,000 cars/day was initiated as a solution for the city. The tunnel, excavated by a custom‐made mixshield slurry TBM, passes through very complex geological structures including the Trakya formation, transition zones and marine sediments in a highly seismic area.
The Pervasiveness And Trajectory Of Methodological Choices: A 20‐Year Review Of Human Resource Management Research
Authors: Bainbridge Hugh T. J. , Sanders Karin , Cogin Julie A. , Lin Cai‐Hui
Published: August 2016

This article examines the methodological choices of researchers studying the HR practices–outcome relationship via a content analysis of 281 studies published across the past 20 years. The prevalence and trajectory of change over time are reported for a wide range of methodological choices relevant to internal, external, construct, and statistical conclusion validity. While the results indicate a high incidence of potentially problematic cross‐sectional, single‐informant, and single‐level designs, they also reveal significant improvements over time across many validity relevant methodological choices. This broad‐based improvement in the methodological underpinnings of HR research suggests that researchers and practitioners can view the findings reported in the HR literature with increasing confidence. Directions for future research are provided. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis of β‐Keto Lactone with Basic Skeleton of Przewalskin B
Authors: Liu Jing‐Ping , Wang Li‐Qin , Zhao Yong , Zhao Yan , He Ying‐Hui , Wang Zi‐Rong , Zhang Hong‐Bin
Published: August 2016

The synthesis of β‐keto lactone was completed using cyclohexanone as starting material. The α,β‐unsaturated lactone was obtained through Reformatsky reaction and iodolactonization. The aforementioned lactone was converted into target compound 1 (β‐keto lactone) by Nef oxidation and Claisen condensation in six steps with 17.9% overall yield.
An adaptive stochastic inverse solver for multiscale characterization of composite materials
Authors: Hu Nan , Fish Jacob , McAuliffe Colin
Published: August 2016

We present an adaptive variant of the measure‐theoretic approach for stochastic characterization of micromechanical properties based on the observations of quantities of interest at the coarse (macro) scale. The salient features of the proposed nonintrusive stochastic inverse solver are identification of a nearly optimal sampling domain using enhanced ant colony optimization algorithm for multiscale problems, incremental Latin‐hypercube sampling method, adaptive discretization of the parameter and observation spaces, and adaptive selection of number of samples. A complete test data of the TORAY T700GC‐12K‐31E and epoxy #2510 material system from the National Institute for Aviation Research report is employed to characterize and validate the proposed adaptive nonintrusive stochastic inverse algorithm for various unnotched and open‐hole laminates. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Unaligned Profile Monitoring Using Penalized Methods
Authors: Zang Yangyang , Wang Kaibo , Jin Ran
Published: August 2016

In some manufacturing processes, complex profiles are collected to characterize quality status. However, some of these profiles may have unequal lengths, which makes the attempt of directly comparing them difficult. In addition, when a shift occurs in a profile, it usually affects a segment of continuously connected observations. That is, local shifts instead of global shifts are frequently seen. As shift signals are easily mixed with allowable mean trends, statistical monitoring of such unaligned profiles becomes a challenging task. In this paper, we propose a framework for monitoring profiles with unequal lengths. The profiles are first aligned using a modified robust dynamic time warping algorithm, which is insensitive to local mean shifts. Penalization‐based methods are then used to estimate profile means. Finally, mean estimates are utilized in a likelihood ratio test statistic for effective monitoring. Both simulation studies and a real example are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed monitoring procedure. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Iridoid glycoside permethylation enhances chromatographic separation and chemical ionization
Authors: Elmasri Wael A. , Yang Tianjiao , Hegazy Mohamed‐Elamir F. , Mechref Yehia , Paré Paul W.
Published: August 2016

Rationale

While natural products isolated from medicinal plants can serve as a rich source of biologically active metabolites, mixtures of structurally related compounds of a polar nature are often difficult to chemically resolve by traditional separation techniques. Chemical derivatization to reduce metabolite polarity combined with liquid chromatography (LC) is the strategy presented here to resolve a mixture of structurally related natural product glycosides solvent extracted from the medicinal herb Teucrium polium for mass spectrometric characterization.

Methods

The partially purified plant extract was subjected to chemical derivatization and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS) fragmentation pattern analysis allowed for structural characterization of iridoid and secoiridoid glycosides. Selected ions were subjected to tandem mass spectrometric (MS/MS) analysis with a relatively higher‐energy collision dissociation to assist in structural elucidation.

Results

Permethylation replaced all protons from free hydroxyl and amino groups with methyls and resulted in increases in both hydrophobicity, for facilitated chromatographic separation, and proton affinity, for enhanced chemical ionization. Protonated and/or sodiated adducts were observed for the six compounds detected in positive‐ion mode ESI‐MS with a mass accuracy of less than 2 ppm.

Conclusions

Permethylation combined with LC/MS analysis is shown here to be an effective chemical practice for separating and characterizing iridoid glucosinolates and is expected to be well suited for the chemical characterization of other polar natural‐product mixtures of closely related compounds. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A speculative approach to spatial‐temporal efficiency with multi‐objective optimization in a heterogeneous cloud environment
Authors: Liu Qi , Cai Weidong , Shen Jian , Fu Zhangjie , Liu Xiaodong , Linge Nigel
Published: August 2016

A heterogeneous cloud system, for example, a Hadoop 2.6.0 platform, provides distributed but cohesive services with rich features on large‐scale management, reliability, and error tolerance. As big data processing is concerned, newly built cloud clusters meet the challenges of performance optimization focusing on faster task execution and more efficient usage of computing resources. Presently proposed approaches concentrate on temporal improvement, that is, shortening MapReduce time, but seldom focus on storage occupation; however, unbalanced cloud storage strategies could exhaust those nodes with heavy MapReduce cycles and further challenge the security and stability of the entire cluster. In this paper, an adaptive method is presented aiming at spatial–temporal efficiency in a heterogeneous cloud environment. A prediction model based on an optimized Kernel‐based Extreme Learning Machine algorithm is proposed for faster forecast of job execution duration and space occupation, which consequently facilitates the process of task scheduling through a multi‐objective algorithm called time and space optimized NSGA‐II (TS‐NSGA‐II). Experiment results have shown that compared with the original load‐balancing scheme, our approach can save approximate 47–55 s averagely on each task execution. Simultaneously, 1.254‰ of differences on hard disk occupation were made among all scheduled reducers, which achieves 26.6% improvement over the original scheme. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
SPAM revisited for median filtering detection using higher‐order difference
Authors: Agarwal Saurabh , Chand Satish , Skarbnik Nikolay
Published: August 2016

In this paper, we propose a robust median filtering detection scheme utilizing the conditional joint distribution of high‐order differences. The higher‐order differences provide additional information about the correlation between a pixel and its neighbors. The relationship between a pixel and its neighbors becomes more prominent in median‐filtered images as compared with non‐median filtered images. We evaluate the performance of our method and compare it with the state of the art median filtering detection techniques on multiple databases in various environments. We use a linear discriminant classifier based on Moore–Penrose pseudoinverse matrix for classifying the median and non‐median filtered images. Experimentally, we find that our method is more effective for all types of images including uncompressed and highly compressed JPEG low‐resolution images. We also evaluate the performance of our method on Gaussian‐filtered, averaging‐filtered, and median‐filtered images of the BOWS2 and UCID databases. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Romanian projects and integral bridge solutions based on composite dowels
Authors: Petzek Edward , Schmitt Victor , Meteş Elena , Ispăşoiu George , Ţurcan Alexandru
Published: August 2016

The design and construction of sustainable and durable bridges with low maintenance costs is one of the tasks of road and railway administrations of the European Countries. The structures must be safe, economical and need less maintenance during their service life. All these needs can be found in integral abutment bridges. This solution, which eliminates the bearings and expansion joints, leads to low construction and maintenance costs. Integral bridges also have good earthquake resistance. Bridges are vital structures in the transport infrastructure; it is a fact that, in the last decades, composite bridges have become a popular solution in many European countries as a cost‐effective and aesthetic alternative to concrete bridges. Their competitiveness depends on several aspects, such as site conditions, local costs of materials and personnel and the contractor's experience. The main topics of this paper are: design of integral bridges, innovative composite dowels for shear transmission, construction of bridges in Romania, structural analysis of bridges and monitoring.
Iron Group Hydrides in Noyori Bifunctional Catalysis
Authors: Morris Robert H.
Published: August 2016

This is an overview of the hydride‐containing catalysts prepared in the Morris group for the efficient hydrogenation of simple ketones, imines, nitriles and esters and the asymmetric hydrogenation and transfer hydrogenation of prochiral ketones and imines. The work was inspired by and makes use of Noyori metal‐ligand bifunctional concepts involving the hydride‐ruthenium amine‐hydrogen HRuNH design. It describes the synthesis and some catalytic properties of hydridochloro, dihydride and amide complexes of ruthenium and in one case, osmium, with monodentate, bidentate and tetradentate phosphorus and nitrogen donor ligands. The iron hydride that has been identified in a very effective asymmetric transfer hydrogenation process is also mentioned. The link between the HMNH structure and the sense of enantioinduction is demonstrated by use of simple transition state models.
Hollywood Works: How Creativity Became Labor in the Studio System
Authors: REGEV RONNY
Published: August 2016

Using the career of director William Wyler as a case study, the article argues that by standardizing creative professions such as acting and directing during the 1920s and 1930s, the Hollywood studio system was responsible for turning creativity into a modern form of labor. I make this claim by highlighting three main themes. First, the article draws attention to the operation behind cultural industries, as opposed to the content they produce, a topic that remains understudied. Second, it traces the historical development of “directing” as a profession. Looking at how this pivotal role changed since the early days of the industry, I argue there was a structural rationale behind practices of managerial control as well as those enabling creative autonomy. Third, focusing on Wyler’s career, the article fleshes out how this dual rationale functioned day to day and how it pushed creative employees like Wyler to develop a particular professional way of being.
Prevalence of Multidrug-Resistant Organisms in Hospitalized Pediatric Refugees in an University Children’s Hospital in Germany 2015–2016
Authors: Tenenbaum Tobias , Becker Klaus-Peter , Lange Bettina , Martin Anka , Schäfer Peter , Weichert Stefan , Schroten Horst
Published: August 2016

OBJECTIVE

To determine the prevalence of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) colonizing in pediatric refugees admitted to a University Children Hospital in Germany.

DESIGN

Retrospective observational study.

SETTING

General pediatric and pediatric surgery units.

PATIENTS

In Germany, recommendations for MDRO screening of pediatric refugees were recently published. According to these and institutional recommendations, all hospitalized pediatric refugees were screened for MDROs between October 2015 and March 2016.

METHODS

Using electronic surveillance data, we performed a chart review to identify the prevalence of MDROs among and the clinical diagnoses of pediatric refugees.

RESULTS

Among 325 patients hospitalized for various causes, most frequently gastroenteritis (30.9%), MDROs were detected in 33.8%. Most of these patients were colonized with multidrug-resistant Gram-negative (MRGN) bacteria (113 isolates), mostly 2MRGN/ESBL (87 isolates); some patients were colonized with methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA, 22 isolates); and 1 patient was colonized with vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE). Among 110 refugee patients, we detected single colonization with an MDRO in 84 patients (76.4%), co-colonization with 2 pathogens in 23 patients (20.9%), and triple colonization in 3 patients (2.7%). However, infections with MDROs occurred in only 3.6% of pediatric refugees. The peak of positive MDRO screening results in 2015 correlated with an increased hospitalization rate.

CONCLUSION

Implementation of infection control measures among pediatric refugees is challenging. Due to the high frequency of MDROs in these patients, current screening, isolation, and treatment strategies may have to be adapted.

Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol2016;1–5
Organizations in Time: History, Theory, Methods
Authors: Decker Stephanie
Published: August 2016

The title of this edited volume is slightly misleading, as its various contributions explore the potential for more historical analysis in organization studies rather than addressing issues associated with time and organizing. Hopefully this will not distract from the important achievement of this volume—important especially for business historians—in further expanding and integrating business history into management and organization studies. The various contributions, elegantly tied together by R. Daniel Wadhwani and Marcelo Bucheli in their substantial introduction (which, by the way, presents a significant contribution in its own right), opens up new sets of questions, especially in terms of future methodological and theoretical developments in the field. This book also reflects the changing institutional location of business historians, who increasingly make their careers in business schools rather than history departments, especially in Europe, reopening old questions of history as a social science. There have been several calls to teach more history in business education, such as the Carnegie Foundation report (2011) that found undergraduate business education too narrow in focus and highlighted the need to integrate more liberal arts teaching into the curriculum. However, in the contemporary research-driven environment of business and management schools, historical understanding is unlikely to permeate the curriculum if historical analysis cannot first deliver significant theoretical contributions. This is the central theme around which this edited volume revolves, and it marks a milestone in this ongoing debate. (In the spirit of full disclosure, I should add that even though I did not contribute to this volume, I have coauthored with several of its contributors and view this book as central to my current research practice.)
Neuroticism's prospective association with mental disorders halves after adjustment for baseline symptoms and psychiatric history, but the adjusted association hardly decays with time: a meta-analysis on 59 longitudinal/prospective studies with 443 313 participants
Authors: Jeronimus B. F. , Kotov R. , Riese H. , Ormel J.
Published: August 2016

Background

This meta-analysis seeks to quantify the prospective association between neuroticism and the common mental disorders (CMDs, including anxiety, depression, and substance abuse) as well as thought disorders (psychosis/schizophrenia) and non-specific mental distress. Data on the degree of confounding of the prospective association of neuroticism by baseline symptoms and psychiatric history, and the rate of decay of neuroticism's effect over time, can inform theories about the structure of psychopathology and role of neuroticism, in particular the vulnerability theory.

Method

This meta-analysis included 59 longitudinal/prospective studies with 443 313 participants.

Results

The results showed large unadjusted prospective associations between neuroticism and symptoms/diagnosis of anxiety, depression, and non-specific mental distress (d = 0.50–0.70). Adjustment for baseline symptoms and psychiatric history reduced the associations by half (d = 0.10–0.40). Unadjusted prospective associations for substance abuse and thought disorders/symptoms were considerably weaker (d = 0.03–0.20), but were not attenuated by adjustment for baseline problems. Unadjusted prospective associations were four times larger over short (<4 year) than long (⩾4 years) follow-up intervals, suggesting a substantial decay of the association with increasing time intervals. Adjusted effects, however, were only slightly larger over short v. long time intervals. This indicates that confounding by baseline symptoms and psychiatric history masks the long-term stability of the neuroticism vulnerability effect.

Conclusion

High neuroticism indexes a risk constellation that exists prior to the development and onset of any CMD. The adjusted prospective neuroticism effect remains robust and hardly decays with time. Our results underscore the need to focus on the mechanisms underlying this prospective association.
Minority status and mental distress: a comparison of group density effects
Authors: Schofield P. , Das-Munshi J. , Bécares L. , Morgan C. , Bhavsar V. , Hotopf M. , Hatch S. L.
Published: August 2016

Background

It has been observed that mental disorders, such as psychosis, are more common for people in some ethnic groups in areas where their ethnic group is less common. We set out to test whether this ethnic density effect reflects minority status in general, by looking at three situations where individual characteristics differ from what is usual in a locality.

Method

Using data from the South East London Community Health study (n = 1698) we investigated associations between minority status (defined by: ethnicity, household status and occupational social class) and risk of psychotic experiences, common mental disorders and parasuicide. We used a multilevel logistic model to examine cross-level interactions between minority status at individual and neighbourhood levels.

Results

Being Black in an area where this was less common (10%) was associated with higher odds of psychotic experiences [odds ratio (OR) 1.34 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07–1.67], and attempted suicide (OR 1.84 95% CI 1.19–2.85). Living alone where this was less usual (10% less) was associated with increased odds of psychotic experiences (OR 2.18 95% CI 0.91–5.26), while being in a disadvantaged social class where this was less usual (10% less) was associated with increased odds of attempted suicide (OR 1.33 95% CI 1.03–1.71). We found no evidence for an association with common mental disorders.

Conclusions

The relationship between minority status and mental distress was most apparent when defined in terms of broad ethnic group but was also observed for individual household status and occupational social class.
Robust 2D map building with motion-free ICP algorithm for mobile robot navigation
Authors: Hwang YoSeop , Lee JangMyung
Published: August 2016

A new motion-free iterative closest point (ICP) algorithm is proposed for building a two-dimensional (2D) map for mobile robot navigation. A laser range finder (LRF) sensor is installed on a mobile robot to scan and measure the depth data of the environment to form a 2D map during mobile robot navigation. Because the scanning and navigation motions are performed independently, the scanned data contain distortions from the motions of the mobile robot. To compensate for the distortions, the proposed motion-free ICP algorithm estimates the effects of the dynamic motions of the robot on the scanning process. That is, the motion-free algorithm compensates for the distance measurement errors related to the dynamic changes in the mobile robot's velocity. Experiments were performed with actual velocity changes of a mobile robot to demonstrate and verify the effective performance of the proposed algorithm.
THE CARIES MANAGEMENT SYSTEM: UPDATING COST-EFFECTIVENESS WITH 4-YEAR POSTTRIAL DATA
Authors: Warren Emma , Curtis Bradley H. , Jia Nan , Evans R. Wendell
Published: August 2016

Objectives: Long-term follow-up of the Caries Management System (CMS) protocol demonstrated that regular monitoring and noninvasive management of dental caries is effective in reducing the number of caries-related events over a 7-year period. This analysis complements the authors’ original economic evaluation of the CMS by re-evaluating the per-protocol cost-effectiveness of the CMS approach.

Methods: An individual patient-simulation Markov model was developed previously, based on 3-year randomized-controlled trial (RCT) data, to simulate the incidence and progression of dental caries, and resultant interventions, and to evaluate the lifetime cost-effectiveness of the CMS versus standard dental care from the Australian private dental practitioner perspective (in which the baseline age distribution was similar to that of the Australian population). The 4-year posttrial follow-up data are used to re-evaluate the long-term cost-effectiveness of the CMS in a more real-life setting.

Results: The reduction in caries risk was maintained among those practices within which the CMS protocols were adhered to. The per-protocol model appears to be reasonably accurate at predicting the risk of restorative events in the posttrial follow-up period. The per-protocol lifetime cost per restorative event avoided is AUD1,980 (USD1,409; 1 AUD = 0.71 USD).

Conclusions: The current analysis confirms that the CMS approach is both effective, when the protocols are adhered to appropriately, and cost-effective compared with standard care in the Australian private practice setting.
ASPECTS OF PATIENT REPORTED OUTCOMES IN RARE DISEASES: A DISCUSSION PAPER
Authors: Rüther Alric , Elstein Deborah , Wong-Rieger Durhane , Guyatt Gordon
Published: August 2016

Objectives: A patient reported outcome (PRO) is “any report of the status of a patient's health condition that comes directly from the patient without interpretation of the patient's response by a clinician or anyone else” (USFDA 2009). PROs are discussed widely, and many regard the patients’ perspective on treatment benefit as very valuable. Although many PROs have shown satisfactory measurement properties including reliability, validity, and responsiveness, there is great concern about risk of bias, that is, in clinical trials.

Methods: Differences in perspectives of PRO measurement in rare diseases are given arising from methodology, clinical, HTA, and patient advocacy views.

Results: PROs are playing an important role in dealing with treatment benefit especially in small sample size as occurring often in rare diseases. Challenges remain especially regarding lack of responsiveness of generic measures, limited capture of all patient relevant aspects, study design and high risk of bias.

Conclusions: PROs seem a valuable instrument to detect patient relevant aspects in rare diseases. They should be seen in addition to other approved assessment methods as randomized controlled trials but not as their substitute.
OSKAR LANGE AND THE WALRASIAN INTERPRETATION OF IS-LM
Authors: Rubin Goulven
Published: August 2016

A few years after the publication ofThe General Theory, a number of economists began to present John Maynard Keynes’s model, identified with IS-LM, as a particular case of the Walrasian model. This view of IS-LM has often been rationalized by a basic syllogism: IS-LM was invented by John Hicks, Hicks was a Walrasian, hence IS-LM was Walrasian. But as some historians of macroeconomics have shown, this syllogism is false. Considering this confusion as an established fact, this article studies how and why IS-LM came to be considered as Walrasian. It shows that the standard view took its roots in “The Rate of Interest and the Optimum Propensity to Consume,” a paper published by Oskar Lange in 1938, and resulted from a need to clarify the foundations of Keynes’s theory.
TOWARD A CRITICAL ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE STUDIES
Authors: Pellow David N.
Published: August 2016

In this paper I expand upon the recent use of the term “Critical Environmental Justice Studies.” This concept is meant to capture new developments in Environmental Justice (EJ) Studies that question assumptions and gaps in earlier work in the field. Because this direction in scholarship is still in its formative stages, I take this opportunity to offer some guidance on what Critical Environmental Justice (CEJ) Studies might look like and what it could mean for theorizing the relationship between race (along with multiple additional social categories) and the environment. I do so by (1) adopting a multi-disciplinary approach that draws on several bodies of literature, including critical race theory, political ecology, ecofeminist theory, and anarchist theory, and (2) focusing on the case of Black Lives Matter and the problem of state violence.
A compact reconfigurable sub-nanosecond pulse generator with pulse-shape modulation
Authors: Valizade Arash , Rezaei Pejman , Orouji Ali Asghar
Published: August 2016

A new design of reconfigurable sub-nanosecond pulse generator (PG) with pulse shape selection ability is presented in this paper. Step recovery diode is used as the pulse sharpening device and the pulse shaping circuit consists of a controllable RC differentiator in which a single PIN diode is embedded, which provides two different switchable pulse shaping performances. The realized PG has a compact (10 × 12 mm2) simple structure and is easy to implement while generating Gaussian and monocycle pulses with 510 and 660 ps pulse width, respectively. The proposed pulse shaping method is versatile and can be effectively modified and reconfigured to generate more complicated pulse shapes such as polycycle signals. The measured results reveal that the proposed reconfigurable PG is suitable to be used in systems with pulse shape modulation that require sub-nanosecond pulses at low pulse repetition rates.
The growth of suicide ideation, plan and attempt among young adults in the Mexico City metropolitan area
Authors: Borges G. , Benjet C. , Orozco R. , Medina-Mora M-E.
Published: August 2016

Aims.

Low and middle income countries share a heavy burden of suicide with about three in every four suicides occurring in these countries. Mexico has witnessed a growing trend in suicide deaths; if this trend is not simply a reflection of better reporting of suicide on death certificates, then this increase should logically be accompanied by an increasing trend in suicide ideation, plan and attempts, but we lack information on the trends for suicide ideation, plan and attempt for this period. We therefore aim to report changes for suicidal behaviour for the period 2001–2013 in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area.

Method.

Using two cross-sectional surveys conducted in Mexico in 2001 and 2013, we report the lifetime and 12-month prevalence of suicide ideation, plan and attempt and changes in treatment for these problems among respondents aged 19–26 living in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area 12 years apart. To estimate the changes in prevalence for each outcome, we used generalised linear models to calculate prevalence ratios (PR; the prevalence rate in the exposed (year 2013) divided by the prevalence rate in the unexposed (year 2001–2002), adjusting for sociodemographic variables.

Results.

While increases in the prevalence are noted everywhere, statistical comparisons only found differences for lifetime ideation (PR = 3.1; 95% CI = 1.7–5.8) and a borderline difference for suicide attempt (PR = 2.2; 95% CI = 1.0–4.9). No attempt within the last 12-months was reported in 2001, but the prevalence in 2013 reached 1.5% (18 cases). While PRs for 12-month prevalence were all above the null, none reached statistically significant differences. During this 12-year period, the distribution of mental disorders and the use of services for mental disorders among suicide ideators, planners and attempters did not change in any noticeable way.

Conclusions.

The limitations of our data are the small number of participants in the 2001 survey, the low follow-up rate for the survey in 2013 and that while representative from one city it does not represent the whole country. These findings suggest that suicide ideation and attempt may have increased during this 12-year period in the Mexico City metropolitan area, but this increase did not lead to more use of mental health care services. This information, coupled with the long-term trend of increasing suicide death rates in the country, draw a worrisome and neglected scenario for our youth in this region. Urgent measures, following the recent WHO guidelines for suicide prevention, must not be postponed.
Multi-omics profile of the mouse dentate gyrus after kainic acid-induced status epilepticus
Authors: Schouten Marijn , Bielefeld Pascal , Fratantoni Silvina A. , Hubens Chantal J. , Piersma Sander R. , Pham Thang V. , Voskuyl Rob A. , Lucassen Paul J. , Jimenez Connie R. , Fitzsimons Carlos P.
Published: August 2016

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) can develop from alterations in hippocampal structure and circuit characteristics, and can be modeled in mice by administration of kainic acid (KA). Adult neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus (DG) contributes to hippocampal functions and has been reported to contribute to the development of TLE. Some of the phenotypical changes include neural stem and precursor cells (NPSC) apoptosis, shortly after their birth, before they produce hippocampal neurons. Here we explored these early phenotypical changes in the DG 3 days after a systemic injection of KA inducing status epilepticus (KA-SE), in mice. We performed a multi-omics experimental setup and analyzed DG tissue samples using proteomics, transcriptomics and microRNA profiling techniques, detecting the expression of 2327 proteins, 13401 mRNAs and 311 microRNAs. We here present a description of how these data were obtained and make them available for further analysis and validation. Our data may help to further identify and characterize molecular mechanisms involved in the alterations induced shortly after KA-SE in the mouse DG.
Methods of protein surface PEGylation under structure preservation for the emulsion-based formation of stable nanoparticles
Authors: Radi Lydia , Fach Matthias , Montigny Mirko , Berger-Nicoletti Elena , Tremel Wolfgang , Wich Peter R.
Published: August 2016

We evaluated different methods for a high surface PEGylation of lysozyme. The resulting lipophilic enzymes can be used for the formation of stable nanoparticles.
Designed miniaturization of microfluidic biosensor platforms using the stop-flow technique
Authors: Dincer C. , Kling A. , Chatelle C. , Armbrecht L. , Kieninger J. , Weber W. , Urban G. A.
Published: August 2016

Here, we present a novel approach to increase the degree of miniaturization as well as the sensitivity of biosensor platforms by the optimization of microfluidic stop-flow techniques independent of the applied detection technique (e.g. electrochemical or optical).
Structural and mechanistic insights into a Bacteroides vulgatus retaining N-acetyl-β-galactosaminidase that uses neighbouring group participation
Authors: Roth C. , Petricevic M. , John A. , Goddard-Borger E. D. , Davies G. J. , Williams S. J.
Published: August 2016

BvGH123 catalyzes cleavage with retention of anomeric configuration; structural analysis of a mimic of a putative oxazolinium ion intermediate supports a neighbouring group participation mechanism.
Vortexes tune the chirality of graphene oxide and its non-covalent hosts
Authors: Di Mauro A. , Randazzo R. , Spanò S. F. , Compagnini G. , Gaeta M. , D'Urso L. , Paolesse R. , Pomarico G. , Di Natale C. , Villari V. , Micali N. , Fragalà M. E. , D'Urso A. , Purrello R.
Published: August 2016

The ability of vortexes to tune the chirality of graphene oxide in water sheds light on its complex supramolecular organization allowing for selective noncovalent deposition of a predetermined handedness on a solid surface.
Reaching the south: metal-catalyzed transformation of the aromatic para-position
Authors: Dey Aniruddha , Maity Soham , Maiti Debabrata
Published: August 2016

This article highlights the various protocols developed till date for selective installation of suitable functional groups at the para-position of arenes.
“Smart” drug loaded nanoparticle delivery from a self-healing hydrogel enabled by dynamic magnesium–biopolymer chemistry
Authors: Shi Liyang , Han Yuanyuan , Hilborn Jöns , Ossipov Dmitri
Published: August 2016

A new self-healing hydrogel is developed using dynamic coordinate bonds between drug loaded MgSiO3 nanoparticles and bisphosphonate functionalized hyaluronic acid. The nanocomposite network is stable at neutral pH, but is disassembled in an acidic environment, providing “smart” drug release.
A microporous Cu-MOF with optimized open metal sites and pore spaces for high gas storage and active chemical fixation of CO2
Authors: Gao Chao-Ying , Tian Hong-Rui , Ai Jing , Li Lei-Jiao , Dang Song , Lan Ya-Qian , Sun Zhong-Ming
Published: August 2016

A novel Cu-MOF featuring optimized open metal sites and pore spaces displays excellent performance in terms of gas storage and heterogeneous catalysis activity.
Mechanisms of peptide hydrolysis by aspartyl and metalloproteases
Authors: Paul Thomas J. , Barman Arghya , Ozbil Mehmet , Bora Ram Prasad , Zhang Tingting , Sharma Gaurav , Hoffmann Zachary , Prabhakar Rajeev
Published: August 2016

Peptide hydrolysis has been involved in a wide range of biological, biotechnological, and industrial applications.
Electron spin dynamics and spin–lattice relaxation of trityl radicals in frozen solutions
Authors: Chen Hanjiao , Maryasov Alexander G. , Rogozhnikova Olga Yu. , Trukhin Dmitry V. , Tormyshev Victor M. , Bowman Michael K.
Published: August 2016

Self-assembly of trityl radical aggregates dominates electron spin dynamics for dynamic nuclear polarization.
A DFT study on dihydropyrazine annulated linear polyacenes: aromaticity, stability and HOMO–LUMO energy modulation
Authors: Rakhi Ramachandran , Suresh Cherumuttathu H.
Published: August 2016

Linear polyacene (LPA) mimics containing up to 34 rings have been designed by annulating dihydropyrazine units to LPA cores and they showed enhanced aromatic character than the LPA due to significant mixing of the N-lone pairs with the carbon π-orbitals.
Effect of caffeic acid adsorption in controlling the morphology of gold nanoparticles: role of surface coverage and functional groups
Authors: Kim Kyeounghak , Han Jeong Woo
Published: August 2016

The morphology of gold nanoparticles can be effectively controlled by tailoring the adsorption coverages, deprotonated forms, and functional groups of caffeic acid.
Hybrid strategies and technologies for full spectrum solar conversion
Authors: Bermel P. , Yazawa K. , Gray J. L. , Xu X. , Shakouri A.
Published: August 2016

Harvesting the full spectrum of sunlight using a hybrid approach offers the potential for higher efficiencies, lower power production costs, and increased power grid compatibility than any single technology by itself.
The pursuit of solid-state electrolytes for lithium batteries: from comprehensive insight to emerging horizons
Authors: Chen Renjie , Qu Wenjie , Guo Xing , Li Li , Wu Feng
Published: August 2016

This review systematically summarizes the limitations of solid electrolytes including inorganic solid electrolytes, solid polymer electrolytes, and composite solid electrolytes.
Design and construction of the sandwich-like Z-scheme multicomponent CdS/Ag/Bi2MoO6 heterostructure with enhanced photocatalytic performance in RhB photodegradation
Authors: Wang Danjun , Shen Huidong , Guo Li , Fu Feng , Liang Yucang
Published: August 2016

A rationally designed and successfully fabricated all-solid-state Z-scheme photocatalyst, CdS/Ag/Bi2MoO6, with a sandwich-like multicomponent heterostructure, shows an enhanced photocatalytic performance in RhB degradation.
Organophosphorus-mediated N–N bond formation: facile access to 3-amino-2H-indazoles
Authors: Bel Abed Hassen , Schoene Jens , Christmann Mathias , Nazaré Marc
Published: August 2016

An efficient strategy to access 3-amino-2H-indazoles starting from readily available 2-nitrobenzonitriles has been developed.
Gemini quaternary ammonium salt waterborne biodegradable polyurethanes with antibacterial and biocompatible properties
Authors: Zhang Yi , He Wei , Li Jiehua , Wang Kunjie , Li Jianshu , Tan Hong , Fu Qiang
Published: August 2016

Novel antibacterial waterborne polyurethanes based on gemini quaternary ammonium salt with good biodegradable and biocompatible properties.
Polypyrrole nanostructures and their thermoelectric performance
Authors: Liang Lirong , Chen Guangming , Guo Cun-Yue
Published: August 2016

Controlled synthesis of PPy nanostructures is systematically studied by adjusting various experimental parameters. Their corresponding thermoelectric performances are reported.
Solid state conversion of a double helix thallium(i) coordination polymer to a corrugated tape silver(i) polymer
Authors: Moeinian Maryam , Akhbari Kamran , Kawata Satoshi , Ishikawa Ryuta
Published: August 2016

Irreversible solid-state conversion of TlI coordination polymer with double helix chain structure to corrugated tape silver(i) polymer has been observed upon mechanochemical reaction of [Tl(μ2-dcpa)]n (1) with AgNO3.
Self-assembly of trithia-9-crown-3 and octathia-24-crown-8 on Au(111) surfaces
Authors: Liu Xiao-Ping , Deng Ke , Wei Qian , Liang Ming-hui , Zhang Zhan-Jun , Jiang Peng
Published: August 2016

Scanning tunneling microscopy images of trithia-9-crown-3 and octathia-24-crown-8 self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) reveal completely different SAM structures for the two kinds of thiacrown molecules at liquid n-tetradecane/Au(111) interface.
Ab initio solute–interstitial impurity interactions in vanadium alloys: the roles of vacancy
Authors: Deng Lei , Tang Lizhong , Zhang Xingming , Tang Jianfeng , Li Ruilian , Deng Huiqiu
Published: August 2016

This study aims to characterize the interactions between substitutional solutes (3d, 4d and 5d transition metals) and interstitial impurities (C and O) in vanadium alloys, with or without the presence of an adjacent vacancy.
Glucose-assisted combustion synthesis of Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 cathode materials with superior electrochemical performance for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Li Honglei , Zhang Shichao , Wei Xin , Yang Puheng , Jian Zhixu , Meng Juan
Published: August 2016

Lithium-rich layered Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 cathode materials have been successfully fabricated by a glucose-assisted combustion method combined with a calcination treatment.
Selective detection of Hg2+ using fluorescent rhodamine-functionalized Fe3O4 nanoparticles
Authors: Kim Kyung Tae , Jung Hyo Sung , Ahn Junho , Choi Yeonweon , Jung Jong Hwa , Park Junboum
Published: August 2016

A rhodamine derivative-functionalized nanomaterial 1 was able to detect and remove Hg2+ selectively with a fluorescence turn-on signal.
Rational computing of energy levels for organic electronics: the case of 2-benzylidene-1,3-indandiones
Authors: Mihailovs Igors , Kampars Valdis , Turovska Baiba , Rutkis Martins
Published: August 2016

To compute ionization potential and electron affinity (HOMO & LUMO levels by tradition), diffuse functions are redundant, while range-separated hybrid DFT is not always better than B3LYP. Solvent modelling is essential and can be cheap with CPCM.
Effect of the properties of MnOx/activated carbon and flue gas components on Hg0 removal at low temperature
Authors: Tong Li , Xu Wenqing , Yang Yang , Liu Ruihui , Wu Yinghong , Zhu Tingyu
Published: August 2016

Proposed removal mechanisms of Hg0 under a simulated multi-component gas over the Mn/AC sorbent.
The interaction of extractants during synergistic solvent extraction of metals. Is it an important reaction?
Authors: Atanassova Maria , Kurteva Vanya , Dukov Ivan
Published: August 2016

The target of the review is to provide an overview on the possible interaction between the two ligands during synergistic solvent extraction of metallic species.
Fe3O4@graphene as a superior catalyst for hydrogen de/absorption from/in MgH2/Mg
Authors: Bhatnagar Ashish , Pandey Sunita K. , Vishwakarma Alok K. , Singh Sweta , Shukla Vivek , Soni Pawan K. , Shaz M. A. , Srivastava O. N.
Published: August 2016

The present investigation describes the hydrogen sorption (de/absorption) behavior of MgH2catalyzed by graphene sheet templated Fe3O4nanoparticles (Fe3O4@GS).
Importing spontaneous polarization into a Heisenberg ferromagnet for a potential single-phase multiferroic
Authors: Huang Bo , Wang Bao-Ying , Du Zi-Yi , Xue Wei , Xu Wei-Jian , Su Yu-Jun , Zhang Wei-Xiong , Zeng Ming-Hua , Chen Xiao-Ming
Published: August 2016

A novel two-dimensional Heisenberg ferromagnet, [C6H5(CH2)4NH3]2[CuCl4], exhibits ferroelastic, ferroelectric and ferromagnetic transitions at 337, 143 and 7.8 K, respectively.
Low-temperature sintering of highly conductive silver ink for flexible electronics
Authors: Bhat Kiesar Sideeq , Ahmad Rafiq , Wang Yousheng , Hahn Yoon-Bong
Published: August 2016

Development of a highly conductive, particle-free, durable and low-temperature sintered SOP ink for patterning conductive features using a broad-range of techniques.
Computational analysis of Ebolavirus data: prospects, promises and challenges
Authors: Michaelis Martin , Rossman Jeremy S. , Wass Mark N.
Published: August 2016

The ongoing Ebola virus (also known as Zaire ebolavirus, a member of the Ebolavirus family) outbreak in West Africa has so far resulted in >28000 confirmed cases compared with previous Ebolavirus outbreaks that affected a maximum of a few hundred individuals. Hence, Ebolaviruses impose a much greater threat than we may have expected (or hoped). An improved understanding of the virus biology is essential to develop therapeutic and preventive measures and to be better prepared for future outbreaks by members of the Ebolavirus family. Computational investigations can complement wet laboratory research for biosafety level 4 pathogens such as Ebolaviruses for which the wet experimental capacities are limited due to a small number of appropriate containment laboratories. During the current West Africa outbreak, sequence data from many Ebola virus genomes became available providing a rich resource for computational analysis. Here, we consider the studies that have already reported on the computational analysis of these data. A range of properties have been investigated including Ebolavirus evolution and pathogenicity, prediction of micro RNAs and identification of Ebolavirus specific signatures. However, the accuracy of the results remains to be confirmed by wet laboratory experiments. Therefore, communication and exchange between computational and wet laboratory researchers is necessary to make maximum use of computational analyses and to iteratively improve these approaches.
STARs in the CNS
Authors: Ehrmann Ingrid , Fort Philippe , Elliott David J.
Published: August 2016

STAR (signal transduction and activation of RNA) proteins regulate splicing of target genes that have roles in neural connectivity, survival and myelination in the vertebrate nervous system. These regulated splicing targets include mRNAs such as the Neurexins (Nrxn), SMN2 (survival of motor neuron) and MAG (myelin-associated glycoprotein). Recent work has made it possible to identify and validate STAR protein splicing targets in vivo by using genetically modified mouse models. In this review, we will discuss the importance of STAR protein splicing targets in the CNS (central nervous system).
Interactions of aminoglycoside antibiotics with rRNA
Authors: Trylska Joanna , Kulik Marta
Published: August 2016

Aminoglycoside antibiotics are protein synthesis inhibitors applied to treat infections caused mainly by aerobic Gram-negative bacteria. Due to their adverse side effects they are last resort antibiotics typically used to combat pathogens resistant to other drugs. Aminoglycosides target ribosomes. We describe the interactions of aminoglycoside antibiotics containing a 2-deoxystreptamine (2-DOS) ring with 16S rRNA. We review the computational studies, with a focus on molecular dynamics (MD) simulations performed on RNA models mimicking the 2-DOS aminoglycoside binding site in the small ribosomal subunit. We also briefly discuss thermodynamics of interactions of these aminoglycosides with their 16S RNA target.