bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Jeszcze o koszcie jako wydatku związanym z przychodami. Racjonalność działania podatnika jako przesłanka rozpoznania kosztu podatkowego
Authors: Kondej Mikołaj
Published: May 2020

W artykule rozważano, czy racjonalność ekonomiczna wydatku, rozumiana jako uzasadnione oczekiwanie podatnika, że jego poniesienie doprowadzi do osiągnięcia przychodu w kwocie przekraczającej wartość wydatku, stanowi na gruncie podatków dochodowych przesłankę rozpoznania kosztu podatkowego przez podatnika. Autor, posługując się przykładami, wykazuje, że przyjęcie takiego wymogu naruszałoby istotę podatku dochodowego jako obciążenia należnego od faktycznego przyrostu majątku podatnika. Opowiadając się za szerokim sposobem rozumienia związku wydatku z przychodami, wskazuje, że bez znaczenia dla możliwości rozpoznania kosztu pozostaje również ocena prawdopodobieństwa, z jakim jego poniesienie będzie się wiązało z osiągnięciem w przyszłości przychodu. W efekcie stawia tezę, że na podstawie ogólnej definicji kosztu podatkowego organy podatkowe nie mają prawa weryfikacji wydatku z punktu widzenia jego racjonalności oraz adekwatności.
LABORATORY ERRORS FOR IDENTIFICATION OF THE ESCHERICHIA COLI STRAINS OF THE SEROLOGICAL GROUPS O6 AND O25 AS ACUTE INTESTINAL INFECTIONS
Authors: Makarova Mariia A. , Matveeva Zoya N. , Smirnova E. V. , Semchenkova L. I. , Derevianchenko I. A. , Sokol’nik S. E. , Zchirnova L. Y. , Kotova N. K. , Pelenko T. V. , Dudnikov D. S. , Vasilyeva Natalia V. , Kaftyreva Lidiya A.
Published: May 2020

Were studied the genes encoding the virulence factors of 221 strains: E. coli O6:H1 (194) and E. coli O25:H4 (27), isolated in 2014-2018 from stool samples of children and adults examined according to epidemic indications. Molecular methods included PCR with hybridization-fluorescence and electrophoresis detection of amplified products. The strains did not have virulence genes for diarrheagenic E. coli (DEC) pathogroups EPEC, ETEC, EIEC, EHEC, EAggEC, and belonged to the phylogenetic group B2. They contained from four to eight genes encoding virulence factors of ExPEC: E. coli O6:H1 - pap (68,6%), sfa (87,6%), fimH (96,4%), hly (62,4%), cnf (74,7%), iutA (97,9%), fyuA (95,9%), chu (100%); E. coli O25:H4 - pap (66,7%), afa (22,2%), fimH (100%), hly (44,4%), cnf (44,4%), iutA (100%) , fyuA (100%), chu (100%). The antimicrobial susceptibility testing to 6 classes of antimicrobials (beta-lactams, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, nitrofurantoin, sulfanilamide, trimethoprim / sulfamethoxazole) according the EUCAST. 60,3% of E. coli O6:H1 were sensitive to antibiotics, E. coli O25:H4 remained sensitive to carbapenems and nitrofurans. Extended-spectrum cephalosporins resistance was due to the production ESBL (CTX-M). The 57,1% resistant strains of E. coli O6:H1 and 100% of E. coli O25:H4 strains belonged to the MDR phenotype. The XDR phenotype had one in five MDR strains of E. coli O6:H1 and E. coli O25:H4. All strains of E. coli O25:H4 belonged to ST131. Given the important role of E. coli in human pathology, detection of virulence genes should be performed to confirm the etiological significance of the isolated strain.
Entre cães e cadelas: a constância da figura canina na narrativa de Sheyla Smanioto
Authors: Guizzo Antonio Rediver , Klumb Stefani Andersson
Published: May 2020

A obra Desesterro (2015), da escritora contemporânea Sheyla Smanioto, narra a dura realidade de um grupo de mulheres do sertão nordestino, constantemente submetidas a variadas formas de violência. Na narrativa, também se observa a presença frequente da figura canina, imaginário que se confunde com a história das personagens da obra. Neste artigo, analisamos a função das imagens relacionadas à animalidade canina no enredo da obra juntamente com a dimensão social representada. Para tal fim, apoiamo-nos na teoria do imaginário, de Gilbert Durand (1992), na descrição dos símbolos de Jean Chevalier e Alain Gheerbrant (1988) e em outros autores que investigam as relações entre literatura e sociedade.
Aspectos da literatura marginal no conto O grande assalto, de Ferréz
Authors: Zurutuza Carla Cristina , Botoso Altamir
Published: May 2020

Neste artigo, objetivamos enfocar elementos que caracterizam a Literatura Marginal produzida pelo escritor Ferréz, ou seja, aspectos como a violência, a solidão, a miséria, a desumanização, que se destacam na literatura oriunda de um escritor periférico que é considerada Literatura das margens, a qual vem se tornando uma manifestação cultural em crescente desenvolvimento e propagação no quadro de nosso sistema literário. Tomamos, como corpus de análise, o conto “O grande assalto” (2006), do escritor Ferréz. Pautar-nos-emos pelos estudos de Souza (2010); Vogler (2013); Candido (2006); e Nascimento (2006), buscando evidenciar os novos meios produtivos e a violência urbana que são representados no enredo do referido conto, uma vez que Ferréz procura divulgar ou denunciar a realidade das periferias urbanas em suas produções literárias. Portanto, o conto de Ferréz é relevante e se destaca na literatura brasileira, pois promove o âmbito social da periferia inserindo-o nas diversas e variadas situações vivenciadas pelas personagens e tais situações nos levam a refletir sobre o modo como a literatura tangencia a relação do homem com o mundo.
Narrativas gráficas e moral: o que os super - heróis de Stan Lee podem nos ensinar sobre ética
Authors: Consani Marciel Aparecido , Sierpinski Natalia Rosa Muniz , Leonel Adriano Augusto Vieira
Published: May 2020

Stan Lee é um dos nomes mais conhecidos dos quadrinhos e um dos responsáveis pelo resgate do gênero super-heróico. As narrativas sequenciais já deixaram de ser mero entretenimento, transformando-se em criações de grande impacto na cultura popular. Cultivamos um interesse particular pelos aspectos éticos implicados nas HQs, dado o seu alcance e influência junto aos leitores mais jovens. Nossa proposta de análise consiste em examinar três momentos diferentes nas histórias produzidas (ou recriadas) por Lee, ressaltando seus desdobramentos morais. Trataremos dos personagens Capitão América, Homem-Aranha e Surfista Prateado. A discussão partirá da Teoria do Desenvolvimento Moral de Kohlberg e, para a análise dos personagens mencionados, reforçaremos nosso quadro conceitual com uma abordagem ontológica do Maniqueísmo e sua crítica agostiniana seguida dos conceitos-chave do Imperativo Categórico de Kant e do Princípio Responsabilidade de Jonas. Como resultado, esperamos consolidar o conceito de Narrativa Moral e defender o potencial das HQs para alimentar debates e análises no eixo transversal da Ética.
Moralidade e civismo nas histórias em quadrinhos: o controle governamental
Authors: Gondim Amanda Marques de Carvalho , Modenesi Thiago Vasconcelos
Published: May 2020

O presente artigo tem por objetivo demonstrar como eram vistas a moralidade e o civismo pelos governos militares brasileiro. Uma disciplina foi instituída como obrigatória em todos os níveis da educação formal e uma instituição foi criada para conferir controle e legitimidade aos interesses do governo quanto à educação. Desse modo, o indivíduo deveria ser formado com ideias de civismo e moralidade apresentados pelos materiais pedagógicos aprovados pelo órgão do governo. A metodologia a ser utilizada para elaboração do artigo foi a análise de Histórias em Quadrinhos (HQ). Confere-se, com isso, a importância dada pela instituição governamental às HQ como instrumento didático importante e de uso nas escolas. Conclui-se que as HQs analisadas, aprovadas e utilizadas como de caráter moral e cívico nas escolas, eram principalmente de caráter histórico, conferindo à história do Brasil uma visão eurocêntrica e positivista, ideal maior de
Um novo conceito de quadrinhos: as histórias em quadrinhos como um sistema semiótico particular
Authors: Simões Alex Caldas
Published: May 2020

Em nossa pesquisa, pretendemos apresentar um conceito de histórias em quadrinho (HQ) que possa abarcar tanto os gêneros de cunho narrativo, tais como a tira cômica, o cartum e a charge, como os gêneros de cunho não narrativos, como a caricatura, a ilustração e o retrato falado. Como sabemos, tal expansão conceitual é perfeitamente possível, uma vez que McCloud (1995, p.23) já afirmava que “[...] a tentativa de definir os quadrinhos é um processo contínuo que não terminará logo. Uma outra geração, sem dúvida, vai rejeitar o que esta decidiu aceitar e tentará reinventar os quadrinhos.” Sendo assim, antes de apresentá-lo como uma semiótica particular, situaremos as HQ no ensino e na academia, bem como faremos uma revisão bibliográfica dos conceitos de HQ postulados por Eisner (1999), McCloud (1995) e Ramos (200
Produção Teórica de Lodo Utilizando o Coagulante Sulfato de Alumínio nos Decantadores da Estação de Tratamento de Água do Funil em Ouro Preto/MG
Authors: Franco Elton Santos , Marques Izabel Cristina , Camargo Júlia Araújo , Almeida Rafael Alvarenga , Pinto Daniel Brasil Ferreira , Ferreira Adriana Alves , Seifert Letícia Leal , Ferreira Ana Flávia De Assis
Published: May 2020

Objetivou-se neste estudo estimar a produção de lodo nos decantadores da Estação de Tratamento de Água (ETA) Funil, localizada em Ouro  Preto  –  MG, visando fornecer subsídios para atender a legislação vigente, referente ao dimensionamento de Unidades de Tratamento de Resíduos (UTR). Para a estimativa da produção de lodo na forma de sólidos totais e sólidos voláteis, foram aplicadas equações empíricas encontradas na literatura, utilizando-se como parâmetros de entrada os dados da ETA Funil, cedidos pelo Serviço Municipal de Água e Esgoto (SEMAE). Dentre as equações utilizadas, as propostas por Franco (2009) apresentaram maior proximidade do modelo adequado para a ETA Funil.
Avaliação da demanda de cloro para oxidação da cianobactéria Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii
Authors: Camargo Júlia Araújo , Cordeiro Daniela Rocha , Pontes André De Araújo , Filgueiras Letícia Silva , Farias João Victor Ferreira de , Aguilar Núbia Aparecida De , Azevedo Marcelo Bredoff , Ferreira Ana Flávia De Assis , Cardoso Iago Prado , Franco Elton Santos , Silva Ana Cândida Araújo e , Sierau Layde Dyana , Siniscalchi Luciene Alves Batista , Marques Izabel Cristina , Hespanhol Aurelia de Cassia Ferreira
Published: May 2020

O presente estudo teve como objetivo quantificar o cloro residual livre presente nas amostras e avaliar quais doses apresentam conformidade   com   o   estabelecido pela Portaria da Consolidação. Para o desenvolvimento  do  estudo,  utilizou- se a cianobactéria Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii,  recorrente  nas   florações nos mananciais brasileiros. O oxidante escolhido foi o cloro gasoso, devido ao baixo custo e fácil manuseio. As análises foram feitas para as densidades 1,0 x 104 e 1,0 x 106 células.mL-1 e para os tempos de contato 30 min e 24 h. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram um elevado consumo de cloro e, consequentemente, baixa concentração de cloro residual livre.
Caracterização da epidemiologia temporal e espacial da queima das folhas da cenoura
Authors: Marcuzzo Leandro Luiz , Füchter Débora , Paulakoski Aline Cristina
Published: May 2020

A queima das folhas da cenoura (Alternaria   (Kühn)   Groves   &   Skolko)   é a principal doença da cultura e tem comprometido a sua produtividade. Como se desconhece a epidemiologia da doença no Brasil, o objetivo do trabalho foi caracterizar o progresso temporal e espacial desta doença nas cond ições de cultivo na região Sul do Brasil. Sementes de cenoura da cultivar Brasília foram semeadas em três blocos de 270 plantas cada. A incidência inicial da doença na linha de plantio foi utilizada para a análise espacial através dos testes de run e doublet e seus resultados analisados pelo valor (±1,64) estandardizado no teste de Z a 5% de probabilidade. A severidade da doença foi analisada através de escala diagramática em 120 plantas ao acaso previamente demarcadas e os dados da severidade foram ajustados a um modelo não linear ao longo do ciclo da cultura. Constatou-se que o padrão espacial da doença foi acima de 99% ao acaso para ambos os testes. A curva de progresso da doença foi ajustada ao modelo de Gompertz, representada por y=0,253356*(exp(29,59929*exp(- 0,69466*x))). Esse estudo servirá de modelo para trabalhos relacionados à doença.
On the implementation of recreational activities in the context of social work
Authors: Mosina Oksana A. , Matajjs Maria I.
Published: May 2020

We indicate the main results of the empirical and experimental work aimed at exploring the possibilities of recreational activities for people aged forty-five to fifty-four years. The need to consider and study the needs of working age people for recreational activities is determined by the state request for improving the quality of life of the population and the motivation formation for a healthy lifestyle. The purpose of this study was to identify and justify the needs of including an adult in physical educational and recreational activities. As a result of the survey among the respondents of the experimental group, the needs for recreational activities were identified, as well as the most popular form of recreational activities: classes in health groups. In addition, the priority types of classes are grouped by the types of prevailing physical activity: general health, forming the skills of a dynamic regimen or proper breathing; health-improving, developing compensatory mechanisms; specially developing, restoring utilitarian and professional motor skills. In resolutive part of the study we clarify the socially significant functions of physical education in the context of its development and application in the social work system.
The development process of manufacturing centers of the Tambov Governorate in the 18th century
Authors: Litovskiy Andrei N.
Published: May 2020

We consider the process of the appearance, foundation and development of the first broadcloth manufactories in the Tambov Governorate in the second half of the 18th century in the future factory centers and the largest commercial and industrial villages: Rasskazovo and Bondari, which predetermined the leading position of the Tambov Region in the broadcloth industry of the country during the 19-20th centuries. The relevance of the study comes from the need to establish the historical conditionality of the origin and development of industrial production in the agricultural region with entrepreneurial activity of certain citizens and active state support of this direction. We pay special attention to the economic potential characteristic of the region for new manufactories creation in the 18th century and merchants-manufacturers personalities (Olesov, Tulinov, the Gardenins and Demidov) from neighboring regions, who founded the first factories in the considered villages. We specify the chronology of the founding and activity of the broadcloth factories of the Tambov Governorate. We describe in detail the material infrastructure, manufactured products and used labor; we trace the communications of Tambov factories and manufacturers with other regions and government departments. The study provides a status summary of the governorate’s industry in the post-reform period (preceding the beginning of intensive industrialization).
“Aseev House” 1918–1921: “in a state of great neglect”
Authors: Avrekh Aleksander L.
Published: May 2020

We trace an episode illustrating the humanitarian component of the social cataclysm. On the basis of partially for the first time entered into scientific circulation archival documents, we consider destructive economic and cultural manifestations of the revolution period and civil war on the example of the city estate of M.V. Aseev which was in the beginning of the 20th century one of architectural and cultural dominants of the governorate center. After nationalization, it was assumed unrealized adaptation of the “House of Aseev” under the orphanage, which led to its actual abandonment. The transfer of the estate to the use of the emerging state university implied a dual purpose: the elimination of homelessness and the formation of the material base of the higher education institution, which can count on centralized funding. The development of the revolution into a large-scale civil war made it impossible to implement it. We trace the bureaucratic red tape with the transfer of the estate to the Agronomical faculty of Tambov State University, which lasted until the beginning of 1919, and increased the neglect of buildings and territory. The lack of funds at the disposal of the university and local authorities did not allow to stop the destruction of the estate. The data, which we give, characterize the increasing destruction – desolation of premises, land, water supply systems, heating, electricity, sewerage.
Sanitary condition and improvement of the city of Cherepovets in the 1920s
Authors: Kotov Anton S.
Published: May 2020

We pay attention to the relevant and poorly studied topic of sanitary condition and improvement problems of the small Russian city in the first decade of Soviet regime. The aim of the study is to identify the changes that have occurred in the sanitary condition of the provincial city under the influence of modernization processes. In this case, the sanitary condition is considered as a set of indicators characterizing technologies and practices of water supply and waste disposal, condition and pollution of city streets, squares, yards and reservoirs. The analysis of the sanitary state and the degree of well-being of the dynamically developing governorate city with a population of just over 18 thousand people allowed filling the gap of the urban environment daily history of the early Soviet period and identifying the key factors of exacerbation of sanitary problems. As a result, it was found that Cherepovets, as well as more large Soviet cities were characterized by pollution problems of the urban area and water basins, which had a significant impact on the sanitary situation. The deterioration of housing conditions and reduced material well-being compared to the previous period also had a negative impact on the sanitary situation in the city. We should note the efforts of the city authorities and a number of representatives of the city community aimed at health education of the population and addressing issues related to the urban environment improvement.
Psychological and pedagogical conditions of collocational competence development of students based on the complex task “Dictogloss”
Authors: Aksenova Inga N.
Published: May 2020

The main goal of foreign language teaching is the development of foreign language communicative competence that implies the development of speech skills. Due to the prevalence of the competency-based approach in the methods, as well as based on the lexical approach, special attention is paid to the collocational competence development. Since the vocabulary acquisition is founded on the acquisition of the compatibility of words and phrases, and collocations are certain words in the language that tend to be used together, we should talk about the inclusion of collocational competence into the communicative competence. Informatization of education influences the methods of foreign language teaching. For the successful implementation of educational process in the modern world, the development of linguocomputer competence is necessary for both students and the teacher. Analysis of the methodic literature showed that the issue of the psychological and pedagogical conditions for the collocational competence development of students is not well covered in domestic and foreign methodic literature, and requires a more detailed study. In the presented study: 1) we conduct an analysis of the domestic and foreign scientists works on the psychological and pedagogical conditions for the competencies development; 2) we prove the importance of collocation competence development of students; 3) we study the issue of linguocomputer competence development of both students and teachers; 4) we identify the key place of the complex task “dictogloss” as a mean of collocational competence development, as well as a mean of linguocomputer competence formation and development.
Public danger of crimes relapse
Authors: Kartashov Sergey
Published: May 2020

We point out that the danger is not the relapse of the crime, but the identity of the criminal, since the punishment for the person who committed the crime for the first time and the criminal who committed the crime again must be different, otherwise it would be contrary to the provision of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation “Principle of justice”, which requires taking into account the degree of committed socially dangerous crime and the identity of the perpetrator. It is reflected that since 2012 there has been a revival of “special relapse” in some corpus delicti (Articles 131, 264.1, etc.). In addition, we clarify that, in a certain sense, relapse can also include corpus delicti with administrative prejudice, but their reflection in the Special Part of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation contradicts the concept of crime (Article 14 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation), but directly on administrative prejudice in the General Part of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation domestic legislator did not mention anything. We note that in the current legislation it is necessary to return to the use of the term “relapsed criminal”, since it is precisely the number and categories of crimes that indicate the public danger of the identity of the perpetrator. We also denote that the relapse of crimes does not increase the degree of public danger of a particular crime, but testifies to the public danger of the identity of the perpetrator committing a certain act prohibited by criminal law.
Criminal law aspects of countering extremism in the virtual space
Authors: Paramonov Andrey , Kharin Vadim
Published: May 2020

The relevance of the study is confirmed by the fact that extremism is one of the most dangerous phenomena in the security of the world community, which pose a threat to the whole society both with committed crimes and the destruction of generally recognized rules of morality, law and human values. We point out that in modern conditions the dissemination of extremist ideas is actively promoted by information and communication technologies, especially the Internet. It is emphasized that extremists have the opportunity not only to demonstrate their materials to a multimillion audience, but also to enter into discussions and uphold their ideas and views. The Internet is very promising for extremists. This study considers the benefits that the Internet provides in disseminating extremist information. We believe that the problem of the spread of extremist information on the Internet is especially perceptible to young people. Due to personal and psychological characteristics, this social group is very vulnerable, as they are easily imposed on the ideas and views of extremists. In the context of the active spread of extremism on the Internet, the regulatory framework for combating these crimes is extensively presented. We indicate some problems with the practical implementation of countering extremism on the Internet.
Theoretical and legal aspects of trends in the development of legality and increasing efficiency in the executive authorities activities
Authors: Lamonov Evgeniy
Published: May 2020

The relevance of this study is that increasing the dynamics of the social and economic development of the state is impossible without effective public administration, which is largely associated with administrative and procedural legislation. We give a number of arguments justifying the positive role of administrative regulations adopted in the course of the administrative reform in the first decade of this century for the performance of public functions and the provision of public services in improving the efficiency of the executive bodies and their officials. This study also analyzes, on the basis of prosecutorial checks, the qualitative content of administrative regulations of the executive bodies of the Tambov region administration, which enshrines provisions that are not in accordance with applicable law: assignment to the applicant of an obligation not provided by law for the provision of documents not established by federal and regional legislation, as well as to be received in the framework of interagency information interaction; areas of reason for refusing to provide services that were different from the law were introduced. Based on the scientific and theoretical studies of foreign practice, we substantiated the need for the adoption of a federal law “On Administrative Procedures and Administrative Acts”, which would enshrine universal rules for the implementation of administrative procedures, the procedure for adopting administrative acts, and the general principles of administrative procedures that will guide all administrative authorities on the territory of the Russian Federation, which would contribute to the establishment of law and order in the field of public administration.
On the issue of certain types of latent crime
Authors: Gavrilenko Vladimir , Karpeev Vasiliy
Published: May 2020

We consider latent crime issues. We analyze certain types of latent crime, how to classify them, methods for analyzing types of latent crime, and policies to combat them. The relevance of the problem is determined by the need to develop a generally accepted idea of the concept and objects of both latent crime in general and its individual types. Modern programs and plans to combat crime, most commonly, do not provide for measures and methods aimed at preventing the latency of certain categories and types of crimes. Consequently, the subject of research is the criminological aspects of latent crime. We point out that a justified classification of latent crime is a classification according to which latency is divided into natural, artificial and also latency of borderline situations. We also note that the key criminological problem is not the complete eradication of latent crime, but the possibility of knowing it. In order to effectively counter latent crime, it is necessary to take measures to measure its level most accurately. In addition, we establish that the study of latent crime is not an insoluble problem, the insufficient elaboration of this problem is the result of the fact that the state is not ready to allocate the necessary amount of resources to resolve this issue.
Transport traffic safety: criminal legal aspect
Authors: Goncharov Igor’
Published: May 2020

This study reveals the importance of protecting transport traffic safety. It emphasizes the interest of civil society and the state in ensuring the transport traffic safety. We establish that the need for regulation of transport traffic safety by the state has a social basis, expressed in the prevention of harm or the threat of harm to relations in which the individual, society and the state are interested. In addition, we point out that these relations are social, because they really exist regardless of whether they are recognized or not as an object of protection by criminal law, or directly ensure the interest of the individual, society and the state. It is noted that road traffic safety, and at the same time, transport traffic safety, are one of the main social and economic tasks of the state. Based on the reference material of the Federal Law of December 10, 1995 No. 196-FZ “On Road Safety” and doctrinal points of view, we formulate the definition “transport traffic safety”. The interpretation of this concept is given from the standpoint of the norms of chapter 27 of the Criminal Code and judicial practice.
Aerosol Particles Laden with Viruses That Cause COVID-19 Travel Over 30m Distance
Authors: Gorbunov Boris
Published: May 2020

Effects of the convection flow, atmospheric diffusivity and humidity on evolution and travel distances of exhaled aerosol clouds by an infected person are considered. The aim of this work is to evaluate the importance of aerosol transmission routes and the effectiveness of the 2-metre separation distance policy. A potential impact of use of face masks on the infection transmission rate, and an opportunity to reduce infection in hospitals, care homes and other public spaces by appropriate monitoring and filtering of air are also considered. The results obtained demonstrate that aerosol particles generated by coughing and sneezing can travel over 30 m. Modelling of the evolution of aerosol clouds generated by coughing and sneezing enables us to evaluate the deposition dose of aerosol particles in healthy individuals. For example, a person in a public place (e.g. supermarket or car park) can accumulate in the respiratory system up to 200 virus copies in 2 min time by breathing in virus laden aerosols. Wearing face mask considerably reduces the deposited load down to 2 virus copies per 2 min. The modelling also suggests that it should be possible to measure virus causing COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) within aerosol particles in hospitals and public places, e.g. care homes and supermarkets.
Assessment of Mechanical Properties of Corroded Prestressing Strands
Authors: Jeon Chi-Ho , Nguyen Cuong Duy , Shim Chang-Su
Published: May 2020

The corrosion of prestressing steel in prestressed concrete bridges is a critical issue for bridge maintenance. To assess structures with corroded strands, it is necessary to define the mechanical properties of the strands and their influence on the structural behavior. In this study, corroded strands are taken from external tendons in existing bridges and tested to define the effects of corrosion on the tensile properties of the strand. Empirical equations for the tensile strength and ductility of the corroded strand are proposed using test results. The most corroded wire governs the mechanical properties of the strand. Experiments on prestressed concrete beams with a single corroded strand are conducted to investigate the structural behavior. A reduction in the flexural strength and maximum deformation is observed from the experiment. According to the section loss of a wire in a strand and its location in a beam, the flexural capacity can be evaluated using the proposed equation. The reduced ultimate strain of the corroded strand can be the governing factor of the flexural strength.
Challenges and Opportunities in Mobile Cloud Computing
Authors: Haque A K M Bahalul , Mahmood Samira , Ahmed Maruf , Ali Md. Hayder , Piyal Nafisa Mahbub
Published: May 2020

Presently, smartphones support a large range of applications, many of which require high computing power. This presents a problem because smartphones offer limited computing power, storage, and energy. Fortunately, Cloud computing (CC) is rapidly becoming known as the state of the art technology in the computer world. CC allows users to use unlimited dynamic resources when necessary. Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC) is integration into a mobile environment of the concept of cloud computing which eliminates barriers to the performance of mobile devices. The demand for mobile cloud applications and mobile user services is strong. This gives MCC a great opportunity to do business and research. However, security problems are a major obstacle to the adaptability of mobile cloud computing. This study presents the definitions of Cloud Computing, Mobile Computing (MC) and Mobile Cloud Computing including the architecture and applications of MCC. Furthermore, it discusses the challenges and opportunities faced in MCC.
The Influence of Macroeconomics Indicators to The Growth of Sukuk in Indonesia
Authors: Cupian Cupian , Muasia Rien , Putri Safira Aryanti
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of macroeconomic on the growth of Islamic bonds (sukuk) in Indonesia period 2013.1-2016.12. This study uses Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method with a monthly time series starting from January 2013 until December 2016. The results of this study indicate that the Production Index (IP) and Bank Indonesia Syariah Certificate (BSBIS) variables positively and significantly affect the development of state sukuk issuance in Indonesia, then inflation negatively and significantly affects the development of state sukuk issuance, while the JII variable negatively and does not significantly affect the development of state sukuk issuance in Indonesia.
Predicting the Intention of Millennial Moslems to Visit Halal Tourism
Authors: Saifudin Saifudin , Puspita Rosana Eri
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the factors that influence the intention to choose halal tourism in Indonesia using the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) model. Data samples used in this study were 265 respondents and processed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences to test the significance of the regression model. The independent variables are attitude, subjective norm, and halal certification and its impact on behavioral intention. The results show that attitude, subjective norm, and halal certification have a positive and significant effect on behavioral intention to visit halal tourism. Halal tourism practitioners can estimate the behavior of prospective millennial visitors through this paper. As for academics, this paper is used for further research by integrating halal certification in TRA as a predictor of behavioral intention in millennial Moslems. Empirically this research is useful to increase understanding of halal tourism and visitor behavior. Halal tourism is a relatively new phenomenon for practitioners and academics. This study is an initial study investigating the determinants of millennial Moslems' visits through the TRA model. Therefore, this paper will be useful as an academics contributions about millennial Moslems to visit halal tourism in Indonesia and the world.
Enrollment Length, Service Category, and HIV Health Outcomes Among Low-Income HIV-Positive Persons Newly Enrolled in a Housing Program, New York City, 2014–2017
Authors: Zhong Yaoyu , Beattie Christopher M. , Rojas John , Farquhar X. Pamela , Brown Paul A. , Wiewel Ellen W.
Published: May 2020

Objectives. To evaluate the impact of duration and service category on HIV health outcomes among low-income adults living with HIV and enrolled in a housing program in 2014 to 2017.

Methods. We estimated relative risk of engagement in care, viral suppression, and CD4 improvement for 561 consumers at first and second year after enrollment to matched controls through the New York City HIV surveillance registry, by enrollment length (enrolled for more than 1 year or not) and service category (housing placement assistance [HPA], supportive permanent housing [SPH], and rental assistance [REN]).

Results. The SPH and REN consumers were enrolled longer and received more services, compared with HPA consumers. Long-term SPH and REN consumers had better engagement in care, viral suppression, and CD4 count than controls at both first and second year after enrollment, but the effect did not grow bigger from year 1 to 2. HPA consumers did not have better outcomes than controls regardless of enrollment length.

Conclusions. Longer enrollment with timely housing placement and a higher number and more types of services are associated with better HIV health outcomes for low-income persons living with HIV with unmet housing needs.
Is physical therapy effective following extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy and retrograde intrarenal surgery: a meta-analysis and systematic review
Authors: Peng Linjie , Wen Junjun , Zhong Wen , Zeng Guohua
Published: May 2020

Objective: Physical therapy, including percussion, inversion, vibration and combinations, was clinically performed to improve the stone free rate (SFR) following lithotripsy procedures. However, physical therapy is not widely accepted in clinical practice owing to lack of high level evidence support and a standard protocol. The present meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of physical therapy in improving SFR following extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) and retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS).Methods: Systematic review of literature from PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane library and Embase was performed in March 2019. The efficacy and safety of physical therapy after ESWL and RIRS were assessed by meta-analysis of SFR and complication rate.Results: A total of 8 prospective studies with 1065 patients were enrolled. When compared to non-intervention, physical therapy provided a higher SFR (OR:3.38, 95% CI: 2.45-4.66, p< 0.0001) at all time points (week 1, week 2 and month 1), while there was no significant difference in complications such as hematuria, lumbago, dizziness and urinary tract infection(OR: 0.84; 95%CI: 0.62-1.13; p=0.237). In subgroup analysis of different stone locations, lower calyx stone (OR: 3.51; 95%CI: 2.21-5.55; p<0.0001), upper ureter and renal pelvic stones (OR:2.79; 95%CI:1.62-4.81; p=0.0002) had a higher SFR after physical therapy, while there was no significant improvement in SFR in upper and middle calyx stones. In subgroup analysis of different techniques, EPVL (external physical vibration lithecbole, OR:3.47; 95%CI:2.24-5.37; p<0.0001) and PDI (percussion, diuresis and inversion, OR:3.24; 95%CI:2.01-5.21; p<0.0001) were both effective in improving SFR when compared to non-intervention. Conclusions: Physical therapy is effective in improving the SFR after ESWL and RIRS, especially for lower calyx stones, upper ureter and renal pelvic stones, while without significant side effects. External physical vibration lithecbole (EPVL) might provide a relative uniformed and repeatable protocol for clinical practice of physical therapy. Review Registration: PROSPERO 2019 CRD42019130228.
The evaluation of the reporting quality of observational studies in Master of Public Health’s dissertations in China
Authors: Dai ShuangYang , Zhou Xiaobin , Xu Hong , Li Beibei , Zhang JinGao
Published: May 2020

Backgrounds Master of public health (MPH) plays an important role in Chinese medical education, and the dissertations is an important part of MPH education. In MPH dissertations, most are observational studies. Compared with randomized controlled trial (RCT), observational studies are more prone to information bias. So, the reporting of the observational studies should be transparent and standard. But, no research on evaluating the reporting quality of the MPH dissertation has been found. Methods A systematic literature search was performed in the Wanfang database from January 1, 2014 to May 31, 2019. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observation Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement was adopted to evaluate the reporting quality of the selected studies. Articles that met the following criteria were selected: (1) observational studies, including cross-sectional studies, case-control studies, and cohort studies; (2) original articles; (3) studies on humans, including both adults and children. Results The Median of compliance to individual STROBE items was 74.79%. The mean (standard deviation) of STROBE score was 14.29 (1.84). Five items/sub-items were 100% reported (“reported” and “partly reported” were combined): background, objectives, study design, report numbers of individuals at each stage, and key result. Fifteen items/sub-items were reported by 75% or more. Reporting of methods and results was often omitted: missing data (6.67%), sensitivity analyses (3.63%), flow diagram (15.15%), and absolute risk (0%). Logistic regression analysis indicated that cohort studies (OR=3.41, 95% CI=1.27-9.16), funding support (OR=4.37, 95% CI=1.27-9.16) and more published papers during postgraduate period (OR=3.46, 95% CI=1.40-8.60) were related to high reporting quality. Conclusion In short, the reporting quality of observational studies in MPH’s dissertations in China is suboptimal. However, it’s necessary to improve the reporting of method and results sections. We recommend that authors should be stricter to adhere STROBE statement when conducting observational studies.
Sickle cell disease in Sri Lanka: Clinical and molecular basis and the unanswered questions about disease severeity.
Authors: Darshana Thamal , Bandara Dayananda , Nawarathne Upul , de Silva Udaya , Costa Yasinta , Pushpakumara Kalavitigoda , Pathirage Sumithra , Basnayake Seuwandi , Epa Chamila , Dilrukshi Pradeepa , Wijayawardena Maheshaka , Anthony Angela A. , Rodrigo Rexan , Manamperi Aresha , Smith Frances , Allen Angela , Menzel Stephan , Rees David , Premawardhena Anuja
Published: May 2020

Background Though case reports and limited case series of Sickle cell disease in Sri Lanka have been reported previously, no attempt has been made hitherto to undertake a comprehensive genotypic-phenotypic analysis of this “rare” group of patients. Results All accessible Sickle cell disease patients, totaling 60, including, 51 Sickle β-thalassaemia and 9 homozygous sickle patients were enrolled from seven thalassaemia treatment centres between December 2016 - March 2019. The majority of patients were of Sinhalese ethnicity (n=52, 86.67%). Geographically, two prominent clusters were identified and the distribution of Sickle haemoglobin in the island contrasted markedly with the other haemoglobinopathies. 3/ 9 homozygous sickle patients and 3/ 51 Sickle β-thalassaemia patients were receiving regular transfusion. Joint pain was the commonest clinical presentation among all sickle cell disease patients (n=39, 65.0%). Dactylitis was significantly more common in homozygous sickle patients compared with the Sickle β-thalassaemia groups (p 0.027). Two genetic backgrounds sickle mutation were identified namely, Arab Indian and Benin. Among the regulators of Foetal hemoglobin in Sickle patients of the present study rs1427407 G>T seemed to be the most prominent modifier, with a significant association with Foetal haemoglobin levels (p 0.04). Conclusions Overall, the clinical course of the Asian version of Sickle cell disease in Sri Lanka appears to be milder than that described in India.
Association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and extrahepatic cancers: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Shou-Sheng , Ma Xue-Feng , Zhao Jie , Du Shui-Xian , Zhang Jie , Dong Meng-Zhen , Xin Yong-Ning
Published: May 2020

Background NAFLD is tightly associated with various diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, and cancer. Previous studies had investigated the association between NAFLD and various extrahepatic cancers, but the available data to date is not conclusive. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between NAFLD and various extrahepatic cancers comprehensively. Methods Searches were conducted of various electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Medline, and the Cochrane Library) to identify observational studies published between 1996 and January 2020 which investigated the association between NAFLD and extrahepatic cancers. The pooled OR/HR/IRR of the association between NAFLD and various extrahepatic cancers were analyzed. Results A total of 26 studies were included to investigate the association between NAFLD and various extrahepatic cancers. As the results shown, the pooled OR values of the risk of colorectal cancer and adenomas in patients with NAFLD were 1.72 (95%CI: 1.40-2.11) and 1.37 (95%CI: 1.29-1.46), respectively. The pooled OR values of the risk of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in patients with NAFLD were 2.46 (95%CI: 1.77-3.44) and 2.24 (95%CI: 1.58-3.17), respectively. The pooled OR value of the risk of breast cancer in patients with NAFLD was 1.69 (95%CI: 1.44-1.99). In addition, NAFLD was also tightly associated with the risk of gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, prostate cancer, and esophageal cancer. Conclusions NAFLD could significantly increase the development risk of colorectal adenomas and cancer, intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, breast, gastric, pancreatic, prostate, and esophageal cancer. NAFLD could be considered as one of the influencing factors during the clinical diagnosis and treatment for the extrahepatic cancers.
Deep Cooperative Spectrum Sensing Utilizing Recurrent Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Sarikhani Rahil , Keynia Farshid
Published: May 2020

Cognitive Radio (CR) network was introduced as a promising approach in utilizing spectrum holes. Spectrum sensing is the first stage of this utilization which could be improved using cooperation, namely Cooperative Spectrum Sensing (CSS), where some Secondary Users (SUs) collaborate to detect the existence of the Primary User (PU). In this paper, to improve the accuracy of detection Deep Learning (DL) is used. In order to make it more practical, Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) is used since there are some memory in the channel and the state of the PUs in the network. Hence, the proposed RNN is compared with the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), and it represents useful advantages to the contrast one, which is demonstrated by simulation.
A Randomised Controlled Trial of a Digital Therapy for Diabetes Prevention Among High Risk Individual: Study Protocol (the Mydipp Trial)
Authors: Fauzi Nurul Fatihah Mohd , Wafa Sharifah Wajihah , Raj Naresh Bhaskar , Abdullah Mohd Ibrahim , Yusof Barakatun Nisak Mohd , Rawi Norkhairani Abdul , Hassan Nurulhuda Mat
Published: May 2020

Background: Approximately 37% of the individuals with prediabetes will have diabetes in four years if they do not change their lifestyle through any intervention. Lifestyle modification intervention has shown to be effective in reducing or delaying the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among high-risk individuals. Some intervention approaches integrate human coaching into technology using phone or email to enable wider reach, known as digital therapy. It is considered as a scalable method to reach a larger population who are at risk, convenient and accessible. This study aims to determine the feasibility and efficacy of lifestyle intervention to prevent type 2 diabetes among adults who are at risk of developing diabetes, an assessor-blinded, parallel-group, randomised controlled trial using the Malaysia Diabetes Prevention Programme (MyDiPP) app.Methods: ‘MyDiPP’ is a 12-month lifestyle intervention digital therapy with multiple approaches (weight loss, dietary modification, physical activity and quality of life). Eligible adults are aged 18-65 years, overweight/obese (BMI ≥ 23 kgm2) and athigh-risk for type2diabetes (American Diabetes Association(ADA) Diabetes Risk Score ≥ 5, or HbA1c of 5.6-6.2%). Each participant will be randomly assigned to one oftwo study groups in 1:1 ratio using simple randomisation to intervention or usual care control groups. The primary outcome is the change in weight at 6 months and 12 months, while the secondary outcomes are changes in HbA1c level, physical activity level, dietary intake and quality of life. The MyDiPP programme is an assessor-blinded, parallel-group, randomised controlled trial, in which the app consists of educational lessons, group, technology-enabled discussions, tools to track nutritional intake, physical activity, body weight and blood glucose level as well as platform to communicate with the health coaches. Discussion: This study is necessary to determine to what extent the intervention programme reduces risks of diabetes risk in comparison to the usual care.Trial registration details:This trial was prospectively registered with Clinical Trial Registry (CTR) on 21st June 2019 with trial registration number NCT03997656.