bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mechamism of Grain Refinement in Al after COT Deformation
Authors: Rodak Kinga , Pawlicki Jacek
Published: August 2012

The microstructure of Al processed by compression with oscillatory torsion (COT) method have been studied. This method was applied to refine the grain structure to ultrafine dimension. The aim of the study was to examine how severe plastic deformation technique (COT) - alter the microstructure. The second aim is to understand the mechanism of grain refinement. The microstructure was characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with electron back scattered diffraction (EBSD) facility.
Deformation-Induced Grain Refinement in AlMg5 Alloy
Authors: Rodak Kinga , Pawlicki Jacek , Tkocz Marek
Published: August 2012

The results presented in this paper are concerned with the microstructure and the mechanical properties of the AlMg5 alloy subjected to severe plastic deformation by multiple compression in two orthogonal directions. Four experiments with an increasing number of passes were conducted on the Gleeble MAXStrain system in order to obtain various effective strain levels. The deformed microstructure was investigated by means of the light microscopy (LM) and the scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). The mechanical properties were determined for the most deformed, central parts of samples. Investigations revealed that severe cold deformation of the AlMg5 alloy leads to strong grain refinement. Moreover, fragmentation of large intermetallic inclusions and their regular distribution were obtained in the analysed, central parts of the samples. Microstructural changes led to significant improvement in the strength properties. After reaching the effective strain of 9, the AlMg5 alloy exhibited UTS, YS and HV values almost two times higher than corresponding values determined for the starting, annealed material.
CMT and MIG-Pulse Robotized Welding of Thin-Walled Elements Made of 6xxx and 2xxx Series Aluminium Alloys
Authors: Adamiec Janusz , Pfeifer Tomasz , Rykała Janusz
Published: August 2012

The article presents the course and the results of research on material and technological welding conditions of different aluminium alloys using standard (MIG-Pulse) and low energy welding method (CMT) as well as discusses the properties of welded joints and the application fields of modern low energy welding devices for joining thin aluminium sheets.
Fabrication of Ceramic-Metal Composites with Percolation of Phases Using GPI
Authors: Boczkowska Anna , Chabera Paulina , Dolata Anna J. , Dyzia Maciej , Kozera R. , Oziębło Artur
Published: August 2012

Al2O3/AlSi12CuMgNi composites were fabricated using gas-pressure infiltration (T=700°C, p=4 MPa) of an aluminium alloy into alumina performs. Volume fraction of the ceramic phase was up to 30%, while the pore sizes of the ceramic preforms varied from 300 to 1000 µm. Ceramic preforms were formed by method of copying the cellular structure of the polymer matrix. The results of the X-ray tomography proved very good infiltration of the pores by the aluminium alloy. Residual porosity is approximately 1 vol%. Image analysis has been used to evaluate the specific surface fraction of the interphase boundaries (Sv). The presented results of the studies show the effect of the surface fraction of the interphase boundaries of ceramic-metal on the composite compressive strength, hardness and Young’s modulus. The composites microstructure was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SEM investigations proved that the pores are almost fully filled by the aluminium alloy. The obtained microstructure with percolation of ceramic and metal phases gives the composites high mechanical properties together with the ability to absorb the strain energy. Compression tests for the obtained composites were carried out and Young’s modulus was measured by the application of the DIC (Digital Image Correlation) method. Moreover, Brinell hardness tests were performed. Gas-pressure infiltration (GPI) allowed to fabricate composites with high compressive strength and stiffness.
Producing of Composite Materials with Aluminium Alloy Matrix Containing Solid Lubricants
Authors: Posmyk Andrzej , Myalski Jerzy
Published: August 2012

The paper presents the basics information about manufacturing and selected properties of composite with aluminium alloy matrix containing glassy carbon as a solid lubricant. The so far used method based on mixing the prepared glassy carbon particles with a liquid metal matrix, has been compared with a new method elaborated by the authors of the article. With this novel method carbon is introduced into a composite with the application of liquid carbon precursor and porous ceramic foams. It is then followed by precursor pyrolysis where, as the result, glassy carbon is obtained. Ceramic foams help liquid precursor penetrate the ceramic spheroid pores by forming a thin film of glassy carbon on their walls. The composite produced in such a way features uniform distribution of carbon within its entire volume which significantly improves tribological properties of the composite. Costly mixing procedure is not needed. Sliding friction coefficient of the new composite against cast iron (µ = 0.06-0.28 at wearing in and 0,12 after wearing in) is much lower than in case of composite containing only ceramic foam as a reinforcing phase (μ = 0.25-0.32).
Influence of Particles Type and Shape on the Corrosion Resistance of Aluminium Hybrid Composites
Authors: Dolata Anna J. , Dyzia Maciej , Walke Witold
Published: August 2012

AMCs due to good thermal and tribological properties, they are applied as the material for: pistons in modern combustion engines, drive shafts, shock absorber cylinders and brake nodes. Heavy-duty operation, especially under tribological conditions, frequently in corrosive environment, requires knowledge on their corrosion resistance. This paper presents the initial results of the research on susceptibility of aluminium alloy matrix composite material reinforced by SiC particles and mixture of SiC+C particles to corrosion. The purpose of the research was to determine the influence of reinforcing phases, their type and shape on corrosion behaviour in a typical corrosion environment, with low NaCl concentration, in relation to the matrix alloy. Determination of corrosion resistance of Al/SiC+C hybrid composite is a new issue and falls within the field of interest of the authors of this article.
Legitimate agents of knowledge, who are they?
Authors: Duma Sinegugu
Published: August 2012

Legitimate agents of knowledge, who are they?
Factors contributing to poor glycaemic control in diabetic patients at Mopani District
Authors: Shilubane, N. H.
Published: August 2012

Diabetes mellitus is not only a major burden in the developed world, it is also an increasing health problem in less developed countries. Although health education could be a tool to achieve better glycaemic control, it is important to understand that health education should be adjusted to patients’ literacy, cultural environment and economic status. Among other factors, lack of money has an influence on the outcome of diabetes mellitus. Thus the purpose of the study is to identify factors contributing to poor glycaemia control in diabetic patients. Data was collected using self-report questionnaire on a convenient sample of 32 diabetic patients and unstructured, open-ended interviews on eight patients’ inorder to allow them freedom of expressing themselves with regard to factors that contribute to poor glycaemic control on diabetic patients. Data was then analysed using a computer program called Statistical Package for Social Sciences. The socioeconomic factors appeared to have significant influence on glycaemic control among participants, for instance 75% of the total subjects (32) indicated that they experienced problems of accessing health care services due to lack of money. Ignorance related to where to seek support system such as educational programme, and nutrition counselling were factors that were identified to contribute to diabetic patients’ poor glycaemia control. Permission to conduct the study was obtained from the Provincial Department of Health and the managers of the institutions where the study was conducted. Recommendations for dealing with the identified factors have been formulated.
Cultural knowledge of non-Muslim nurses working in Saudi Arabian obstetric units
Authors: Sidumo E. M. , Ehlers, V. J. , Hattingh S. P.
Published: August 2012

Culture defines how persons behave towards each other. When nurses and patients belong to different cultures, culture-based misunderstandings could influence the nurse-patient relationships and interactions adversely. The purpose of the study was to determine non-Muslim nurses’ knowledge about Muslim traditions pertaining to obstetric units in a Muslim country. A quantitative descriptive research design was adopted. The population comprised 67 nurses, but the accessible population consisted of 52 nurses who were working in the participating hospital’s gynaecological wards during the data collection phase. However, only 50 nurses completed questionnaires as two nurses did not want to participate in the study. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS Version 11.5) was used to analyse the data. The research results indicate that non-Muslim nurses lacked knowledge about Muslim practices concerning breastfeeding, Ko’hl, the “evil eye”, modesty, medicine and food taboos. If these aspects could be addressed during the recruitment and inservice education of non-Muslim nurses working in Muslim countries, this could enhance the quality of culture-competent nursing care.
Celebration comments/Vierings kommentaar
Authors: Poggenpoel Marie
Published: August 2012

Health SA Gesondheid is celebrating its tenth birthday. Initially only nursing research and overview articles were published in this journal.

Opsomming

Health SA Gesondheid vier ‘n tiende verjaarsdag. Aanvanklik is slegs verpleegkundige navorsings-en oorsigsartikels gepubliseer in hierdie tydskrif.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Factors influencing the utilisation of prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) services by pregnant women in the Eastern Cape, South Africa
Authors: Peltzer Karl , Skinner Donald , Mfecane Sakhumzi , Shisana Olive , Nqeketo Ayanda , Mosala Thabang
Published: August 2012

The aim of the study was to identify factors influencing the utilisation of Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) in a resource poor setting in South Africa.

Opsomming

Die doel van die studie was om faktore te identifiseer wat die benutting van die Voorkoming van Moeder-tot-Kind Oordrag (VMTKO) beïnvloed in ‘n omgewing in Suid-Afrika wat arm is aan hulpbronne.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Meaning-making of a group of South Africans in their experience of living with HIV: a phenomenological study
Authors: Pretorius H G , Goldstein N , Stuart A D
Published: August 2012

With the primary focus of disease specific studies on the medical and biological transmission and progression of HIV/AIDS, the lived experience and meaning-making of individuals who live with this disease, is a literary scarcity.

Opsomming

Met die primêre fokus van siektespesifieke studies op die mediese en ook biologiese oordrag en progressie van MIV/VIGS, is daar ‘n literêre skaarste oor die geleefde ondervinding en betekenisgewing van individue wat met hierdie siekte leef.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Knowledge and perceptions of pharmacy students towards training in complementary and alternative health care
Authors: Truter Ilse
Published: August 2012

Complementary and Alternative Health Care (CAHC) is the primary source of health care for over 70% of the world’s population.

Opsomming

Komplementêre en Alternatiewe Gesondheidsorg (KAG) is die hoofbron van gesondheidsorg vir meer as 70% van die wêreld se bevolking.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Introducing HIV and aids education into the first year of a problem-based learning curriculum: a template for health science education
Authors: McLean Michelle , Hiles Linda
Published: August 2012

The HIV and AIDS epidemic will continue to impact medically, socially and financially on sub-Saharan Africa.

Opsomming

Die MIV/VIGS-epidemie sal voortduur om ‘n mediese, sosiale en finansiële impak op Afrika, suid van die Sahara, te maak.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
The role of dream analysis for exploring emotional content during early adolescence
Authors: Jones Anita C , Schulze Salomé , Sonnekus Inge
Published: August 2012

The purpose of the study reported in this article was to determine whether dream analysis can provide insight into the emotional problems of female adolescents.

Opsomming

Die doel met hierdie studie was om te bepaal of droomontleding insig in die emosionele probleme van adolessente dogters kan verleen.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Perceptions of rural teenagers on teenage pregnancy
Authors: Richter M S , Mlambo G T
Published: August 2012

It is important to seek an understanding of teenagers’ perceptions regarding teenage pregnancy.

Opsomming

Die doel van hierdie studie was om die persepsies van tieners in die Bosbokrand-distrik in die Limpopo Provinsie, Suid-Afrika, te ondersoek en te beskryf.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Similarities in the meta-paradigm of nursing and traditional healing: an attempt to contribute to the integration of traditional medicine and Western medicine in Africa
Authors: Van Wyk N C
Published: August 2012

The meta-paradigm of a discipline represents the global perspective of such a discipline and serves as an indication of how the practitioners of the discipline view the primary phenomena that are of interest to them.

Opsomming

Die metaparadigma van ‘n dissipline verteenwoordig die globale perspektief van só ‘n dissipline en dien as ‘n indikasie van hoe die praktisyns van die dissipline die primêre fenomene wat vir hulle belangrik is, beskou.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Women’s experiences of a vaginal delivery conducted by a private midwife
Authors: Du Plessis Diana
Published: August 2012

During the last decade the process of childbirth has undergone many changes in South Africa.

Opsomming

Kindergeboorte in Suid-Afrika het die afgelope dekade baie veranderinge ondergaan.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Globalisation: implications for health care delivery in developing countries
Authors: De Villiers Louise
Published: August 2012

Globalisation entails a rapid increase in economic, technological and cultural exchange, which flows from economically and technologically dominant nations to less dominant nations.

Opsomming

Globalisering behels ‘n toename in ekonomiese, tegnologiese en kulturele uitruiling vanaf ekonomies-dominante na ekonomies minder-dominante samelewings.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Die gesin as faset van tuisgebaseerde sorg vir die verswakte MIV- en vigs-pasiënt in die myngemeenskap van die Noordwes Povinsie
Authors: Steyn R , Koen M P , Williams M J S
Published: August 2012

Apart from the fact that South Africa is singled out worldwide as being the country with the highest incidence of HIV and AIDS, the mining community within South Africa is further implicated as having a high incidence of HIV and AIDS.

Opsomming

Benewens die feit dat Suid-Afrika wêreldwyd uitgesonder word as die land met die hoogste voorkoms van VIGS, word die myngemeenskap van Suid-Afrika verder uitgesonder weens die hoë voorkomssyfer van MIV en VIGS in hierdie gemeenskap.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Swazi youths’ attitudes and perceptions concerning adolescent pregnancies and contraception
Authors: Ziyane I S , Ehlers V J
Published: August 2012

This study investigated Swazi adolescents’ attitudes and perceptions concerning adolescent pregnancies and contraceptive practices in order to help address the continued challenge posed by large numbers of adolescent pregnancies in Swaziland.

Opsomming

Hierdie studie het Swazi adolessente se houdings en persepsies in verband met adolessente swangerskappe en voorbehoedpraktyke ondersoek om die volgehoue uitdaging van groot getalle adolessente swangerskappe in Swaziland aan te spreek.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Working conditions, work life and quality of life of the temporary support staff involved with telematic learning
Authors: Marx A , Greeff M , Koen M P
Published: August 2012

Transformation in the South African higher educational system compelled residential universities to introduce alternative education such as distance education (Department of Education, 1997:66-67).

Opsomming

Die transformasie in die Suid-Afrikaanse hoëronderwys-stelsel het residensiële universiteite genoop om alternatiewe onderrig, soos afstandsonderrig, in te stel (Departement van Onderwys, 1997:66-67).

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Editorial Comments/ Redaksionele Kommentaar
Authors: Pienaar Anita
Published: August 2012

This edition of Health SA Gesondheid reflects strongly on two extremes on the health continuum with which South Africans struggle on a daily basis, namely the impact but also the possible prevention of HIV/AIDS and obesity.

Opsomming

In hierdie uitgawe van Health SA Gesondheid word daar onder meer gekyk na twee uiterstes waarmee Suid Afrikaners op die gesondheidskontinuum worstel, naamlik die gevolge, maar ook die moontlike bekamping van HIV/VIGS en obesiteit.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Guidelines to facilitate the nursing accompaniment of mothers with infants in a neonatal intensive care unit
Authors: Van Rooyen Dalena v , Nomgqokwana Zoliswa L , Kotzé Wilma J , Carlson Sheree
Published: August 2012

To be the mother of a premature infant in a neonatal intensive care unit can sometimes be overwhelming.

Opsomming

Om moeder van ‘n premature baba in die neonatale intensiewesorgeenheid te wees, is dikwels oorweldigend.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Mothers’ knowledge of foetal movements monitoring during pregnancy in relation to perinatal outcome
Authors: Maputle M S , Mothiba M T
Published: August 2012

Over the years, maternal perception of foetal movement has become recognised as a valuable tool for early detection of foetal compromise.

Opsomming

Oor die jare is moederlike waarneming van fetale beweging erken as ’n belangrike instrument in die vroeë identifisering van fetale nood.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
The childbirth and breastfeeding experiences of primigravidas who attended childbirth education classes
Authors: Segeel Irmin B , Du Plessis Diana
Published: August 2012

Knowledge brings with it power, confidence and courage. It is important to prepare for childbirth not only physically, but also emotionally and psychologically.

Opsomming

Kennis gaan gepaard met mag, selfvertroue en dapperheid. Dit is dus belangrik om nie net fisiek nie, maar ook emosioneel en sielkundig op die bevalling voor te berei.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Comprehension and acceptability of a patient information leaflet (pil) for antiretroviral therapy
Authors: Mwingira Betty , Dowse Ros
Published: August 2012

The patient information leaflet (PIL) is recognised as playing a key role in informing patients about their medicines. The objectives of this research were to evaluate the readability and understanding of a PIL for the first-line ARV (antiretroviral) regimen available in the South African public health sector, and investigate its acceptability in the target Xhosa population.

Opsomming

Daar word algemeen aanvaar dat die pasiëntinligtingsblaadjie (PIB) ‘n sleutelrol speel in die oordra van inligting ten opsigte van medikasie aan pasiënte. Die doelwitte van hierdie navorsing was om die leesbaarheid en begrip van ‘n PIB vir die eerste-linie antiretrovirale (ARV) regimen wat in die Suid-Afrikaanse openbare gesondheidsektor beskikbaar is, te evalueer, en om die aanvaarbaarheid daarvan in ‘n teiken-Xhosabevolking te ondersoek.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Editorial Comments/Redaksionele Kommentaar
Authors: Delport C S L
Published: August 2012

This edition of Health SA Gesondheid reflects on the critical debate and report of a wide variety of relevant health issues.

Opsomming

In hierdie uitgawe van Health SA Gesondheid word daar oor ‘n breë spektrum van aktuele gesondheidskwessies krities debat gevoer en verslag gedoen.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Trans-cultural nursing: exploring the experiences of international students visiting Namibia
Authors: Pretorius L , Small L
Published: August 2012

In a rapidly changing world, where people from diverse cultures move about more readily, nurses may find themselves faced with patients and clients with a totally different world perspective and health belief system.

ABSTRAK

In ‘n wêreld wat vinnig verander vind ons dat persone van uiteenlopende kulture meer migreer. Verpleegkundiges bevind hulle midde in die proses en kom gevolglik in kontak met pasiënte en kliënte met ’n ander wêreld- en gesondheidsbeskouing.
Antimicrobial prescribing patterns in a group of private primary health care clinics in South Africa
Authors: Katende-Kyenda Norah L , Lubbe Martie S , Serfontein Jan HP , Truter Ilse
Published: August 2012

The aim of this study was to investigate the prescribing of antimicrobials in private primary health care in South Africa.

ABSTRAK

Die doel met hierdie studie was om die voorskryfpatrone van antimikrobiese middels in private primêre gesondheidsorginrigtings in Suid-Afrika te ondersoek.
Factors impacting on contraceptive practices: Introduction and literature review: Part 1
Authors: Maja T M M
Published: August 2012

Contraceptive practices entail a wide spectrum of concepts, namely, contraceptive methods, the use of contraceptives, the discontinuation of such use, and the non-use of contraceptives or failure to use them.

ABSTRAK

Voorbehoedpraktyke behels ‘n wye spektrum begrippe, naamlik, voorbehoedmetodes, die gebruik van voorbehoedmiddels, die staking van sodanige gebruik, en die nie-gebruik van voorbehoedmiddels of versuim om sulke middels te gebruik.
Factors that may influence South African nurses’ decisions to emigrate
Authors: Oosthuizen M , Ehlers V J
Published: August 2012

Although no accurate statistics about the number of South African nurses working in other countries are available, the Organisation of Economic Cooperation and Development estimated that 35 000 South African nurses were working outside South Africa and/or outside the health care system (Horning, 2005:58).

Opsomming

Alhoewel daar nie akkurate statistiek beskikbaar is oor die aantal Suid-Afrikaanse verpleegkundiges wat in ander lande werk nie, beraam die Organisasie vir Samewerking en Ontwikkeling dat 35 000 Suid-Afrikaanse verpleegkundiges buite Suid-Afrika en/of buite die gesondheidsorgsektor werk (Horning, 2005:58).

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Therapeutic budget modelling: a possible road to budgetary allocations in the public health care setting
Authors: John George K , Lubbe Martie S , Serfontein Jan HP
Published: August 2012

In South Africa, 70% of the country’s population is dependent on the public health care sector (especially the primary health care structure) for their basic health care needs.

Opsomming

In Suid-Afrika is 70% van die land se bevolking van die openbare gesondheidsorgsektor (veral die primêre gesondheidsorgstruktuur) afhanklik vir hulle basiese behoeftes aan gesondheidsorg.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
The protégé and the sage: students’ perceptions of work-based mentoring experiences
Authors: Harris Maureen
Published: August 2012

Mentoring is offered as a supportive learning strategy within an educational programme for mature multi-cultural South African nurses.

Opsomming

Mentorskap word aangebied as ‘n ondersteunende leerstrategie binne ‘n onderwysprogram vir volwasse multikulturele Suid-Afrikaanse verpleegkundiges.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Editorial comments
Authors: Pretorius Gertie HG
Published: August 2012

In the true interdisciplinary spirit of Health SA Gesondheid, this volume presents to our discerning readers a smorgasbord of articles. Once again, authors ranging from emergency medical care, public health workers, pharmacists and psychologists to nursing professionals bring you a variety of articles based on a variety of research methodologies and enquiries while various communities and geographical areas are represented by the authors as well as research participants in this volume.
Coping with stressors in late adolescence/young adulthood: a salutogenic perspective
Authors: Hutchinson Ann-Marie K , Stuart Anita D , Pretorius Hester G
Published: August 2012

Literature indicates that globally young people are increasingly experiencing life as hopeless and meaningless.

Opsomming

Literatuur dui aan dat alhoemeer jong volwassenes hulle lewens as leeg en betekenloos ervaar.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Good-bye to Liselle Viljoen/Totsiens aan Liselle Viljoen
Authors: Poggenpoel Marie
Published: August 2012

Liselle was the technical editor of Health SA Gesondheid for the past ten years. She joined the journal following it’s accreditation on the list of recognised journals of the Department of Education.OpsommingLiselle was die afgelope tien jaar die tegniese redakteur van Health SA Gesondheid. Sy het aan boord gekom net nadat die tydskrif op die erkende lys van tydskrifte van die Departement van Onderwys behaal het.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
The experiences of first-time mothers with colic infants who seek help from medical professionals
Authors: Cox Leigh , Roos Vera
Published: August 2012

The purpose of this study was to describe the experiences of first-time mothers with colic infants. The research design was qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual. Data were collected by means of in-depth, semistructured, phenomenological interviews and a descriptive analysis was done. The results show that the real experience of having a baby did not meet mothers’ expectations. Furthermore, colic babies were anxiety-provoking and mothers struggled with feelings of failure. They searched for an explanation for the colic, but felt disillusioned with the medical profession. Mothers exhibited a need for a containing figure. They also reflected on their relationship with their mothers. Mothers felt ambivalent towards their babies and marital relationships became strained. Lastly, mothers renegotiated their identity. Based on the results, suggestions for mental health professions were made with regard to providing parent-child therapy, support for the mother and strengthening the marital relationship. The importance of psychological interventions was emphasised as a source of support for these mothers.

Opsomming

Die doel van hierdie studie was om die ervarings van eerstekeermoeders met koliekbabas te beskryf. Die navorsingsontwerp was kwalitatief, ondersoekend, beskrywend en kontekstueel van aard. Data is ingesamel deur middel van indiepte, semi-gestruktureerde, fenomenologiese onderhoude en ‘n beskrywende ontleding is gedoen. Die resultate het getoon dat die beleefde ervarings om ‘n koliekbaba te hê, nie aan die moeders se verwagtinge voldoen het nie. Voorts veroorsaak koliekbabas angs en moeders stry teen gevoelens van mislukking. In hul soeke na ‘n verklaring vir die koliek, voel hulle ontnugter met die mediese professie. Moeders het ‘n behoefte aan ‘n ondersteunende persoon uitgedruk en gereflekteer op hul verhouding met hulle eie ma’s. Moeders het ambivalent oor hul babas gevoel en hul huweliksverhoudings het gespanne geword. Laastens het moeders hulle identiteit as moeders heroorweeg. Op grond van die resultate word voorstelle vir professionele geestesgesondheidwerkers met betrekking tot ouer-kindterapie, ondersteuning aan die moeder en versterking van die huweliksverhouding, gemaak. Laastens word die belangrikheid van sielkundige intervensies in die hantering van koliek as ‘n hulpbron vir hierdie moeders beklemtoon.
Mothers’ experiences of labour in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Maputle M S , Nolte A
Published: August 2012

The purpose of the study was to explore and describe experiences of mothers during childbirth in a tertiary hospital in the Limpopo Province. This was achieved through a qualitative research study which was exploratory, descriptive, contextual and inductive in nature. A sample of 24 mothers participated in this study. Data obtained from unstructured in-depth interviews were analysed according to the protocol by Tesch (1990, cited in Cresswell, 1994:155). Five themes were identified, namely mutual participation and responsibility sharing, dependency and decision-making; information sharing and empowering autonomy and informed choices; open communication and listening; accommodative/non-accommodative midwifery actions; and maximising human and material infrastructure. The themes indicated experiences that foster or promote dependency on midwifery care. Guidelines on how to transform this dependency into a mother-centered care approach during childbirth are provided.

Opsomming

Die doel van die studie was om moeders se belewenis van kindergeboorte in ’n tersiêre hospitaal in die Limpopo Provinsie te verken en te beskryf. Dit is gedoen deur middel van kwalitatiewe navorsing wat verkennend, beskrywend, en kontekstueel was. ‘n Steekproef van 24 moeders het aan die studie deelgeneem. Inligting is verkry deur middel van ongestruktureerde in-diepte onderhoude. Hierdie inligting is geanaliseer aan die hand van Tesch (1990: aangehaal in Creswell, 1994:155) se protokol. Die volgende kategorieë is geïdentifiseer, wedersydse deelname en gedeelde verantwoordelik- hede, afhanklikheid en besluitneming, deel van inligting, bemagtiging tot outonomie en ingeligte keuse, oop kommunikasie en luister, akkommoderende/nie-akkommoderende vroedvrou-aksies en bevordering van menslike en materiële infrastrukture. Die resultate van die onderhoude het belewenisse blootgelê wat dui op die bevordering van afhanklikheid in vroedvrouversorging. Riglyne om hierdie afhanklikheid te verander in ‘n moedergesentreerde benadering word verskaf.
Editorial Comments
Authors: Langley Gayle
Published: August 2012

Perusing the contents of this edition of Health SA Gesondheid, one is struck by the incredible depth and range as well as the complexity of health problems which present themselves for intervention in this country. OpsommingWanneer ‘n mens die inhoud van hierdie uitgawe van Health SA Gesondheid deurkyk, tref die ongelooflike diepte en omvang van die ingewikkeldheid van gesondheidsprobleme wat hulle vir die tussentrede in hierdie land voordoen, ‘n mens.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Opinion of South African pre- and post-menopausal women on the potential menopause-related health benefits of soy and soy products
Authors: Bosman Magdalena JC , Van Wyk de Vries Anel , Bouwer Susanna C , Jerling Johann , Badham Jane , Van Aardt Annette M , Ellis Susanna M
Published: August 2012

The increased use of alternative treatment for menopausal symptoms is mainly due to women’s changing opinions of conventional hormone replacement therapy (HRT). The objective of this study was to assess the opinion of pre and post-menopausal South African women regarding the potential menopause-related health benefits of soy. The sample used for the study was a sub-dataset of 825 respondents, which included only pre- and post-menopausal women that had heard of soy before, selected from a representative sample of the adult South African metropolitan and rural populations. A structured questionnaire was used. Neither age nor racial groups differed practically significantly in opinion regarding any of the various statements. The study also shows that a practically significant lower proportion of women in the sub-population across both age and race groups had a positive opinion on the health benefits of soy as an alternative to HRT and reliever of menopausal symptoms than those who acknowledged its benefit for preventing cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis. Practically significantly more women who used soy than women who never used soy agreed that soy keeps bones strong. In addition, more women who were of opinion that soy has few or no health benefits disagreed that soy could be used as an alternative to HRT compared to women who held a positive opinion.

Opsomming

Die toenemende gebruik van alternatiewe behandelings vir menopousale simptome kan aan vroue se veranderende opinies oor konvensionele hormoonvervangingsterapie (HVT) toegeskryf word. Die doel van hierdie studie was om pre- en post- menopousale Suid-Afrikaanse vroue se opinie aangaande die potensiële menopouseverwante gesondheids-voordele van soja te bepaal. Die steekproef vir die studie het uit ‘n subdatastel bestaan van 825 vroue in hul pre- en post-menopousale stadium wat al voorheen van soja gehoor het, en is vanuit ‘n verteenwoordigende steekproef van die volwasse Suid-Afrikaanse metropolitaanse en plattelandse bevolking gekies. ‘n Gestruktureerde vraelys is gebruik. Geen prakties betekenisvolle verskille is tussen die verskillende ouderdoms- of rasgroepe se opinie oor enige van die stellings gevind nie. Die studie dui ook daarop dat ‘n prakties betekenisvolle laer verhouding Suid-Afrikaanse vroue, van beide ouderdoms- en rasgroepe, ‘n positiewe opinie oor die gesondheidsvoordele van soja as HVT en verligter van menopousale simptome gehad het as oor soja se voordele om kardiovaskulêre siektes en osteoporose te voorkom. Prakties betekenisvol meer van die vroue wat soja gebruik het as dié wat dit nooit gebruik het nie, het saamgestem dat soja bene sterk hou. Meer vroue wat van die opinie was dat soja geen of min gesondheidsvoordele het nie was ook negatief teenoor die gebruik van soja as ‘n alternatief vir HVT as dié wat ‘n positiewe opinie daaroor gehad het.
Editorial comments
Authors: Chabeli Mary
Published: August 2012

The content of Health SA Gesondheid reflects the complexity and the depth of the health picture in Southern Africa. Health SA Gesondheid allows the reader to embark on a journey of the richness provided within the diversity of the articles presented.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Health status of an elderly population in Sharpeville, South Africa
Authors: Oldewage-Theron Wilna H , Salami Lilian , Zotor Francis B , Venter Christine
Published: August 2012

The objective of this cross-sectional study was a comprehensive nutrition and health assessment to provide a basis for future intervention strategies for an elderly population attending a day-care centre. Socio-demographic, health and 24-hour recall dietary intake questionnaires were administered and anthropometric and biochemical measurements taken. The results indicate that the majority of respondents had an income of between R501 and R1 000 (South African rand) per month and most of them reported an occasional lack of funds to meet basic household needs, confirming the presence of food insecurity. Daily dietary intakes (mean±Standard Deviation [SD]) of the women were 5 395±2 946 kJ energy, 47±27 g protein, 28±21 g fat and 196±123 g carbohydrates compared to 8 641±3 799 kJ, 86±48 g, 49±32 g and 301±139 g of the men, respectively. The majority (83.6%) of the women were overweight (body mass index [BMI] >25) or obese (BMI > 30) whilst 78% had a mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) of > 21.7 cm. Mean intakes of micronutrients were low in comparison to reference standards and serum zinc levels were suboptimal. Obesity, hypertension and raised total serum cholesterol levels indicated an increased risk for coronary heart disease. It can be concluded that a low income, household food insecurity and risk factors associated with malnutrition and non-communicable diseases were prevalent in this elderly population.

Opsomming

Die doelwit van hierdie dwarssnitstudie was ‘n omvattende bepaling van voeding- en gesondheidstatus om as basis te dien vir toekomstige intervensie-strategieë vir ’n groep bejaardes wat ’n dagsentrum besoek. Sosiodemografiese, gesondheid- en 24-uur herroep-dieetinname vraelyste is voltooi en antropometriese en biochemiese metings is geneem. Die resultate het bevestig dat die meerderheid respondente ‘n maandelikse inkomste van tussen R501 en R1 000 (Suid-Afrikaanse rand) gehad het. Die meeste het ‘n geldtekort vir basiese huishoudelike behoeftes gerapporteer wat dui op huishoudelike voedselin-sekuriteit. Daaglikse dieetinnames (gemiddeld± standaardafwyking [SA]) van die vroue was onderskei- delik 5 395±2 946 kJ energie, 47±27 g proteïen, 28±21 g vet en 196±123 g koolhidrate in vergelyking met 8 641±3 799 kJ, 86±48 g, 49±32 g en 301±139 g vir die mans. Die meerderheid (83.6%) van die vroue was oorgewig (liggaamsmassa-indeks [LMI] >25) of vetsugtig (LMI > 30) en 78% het ’n middel-bo-armomtrek (MUAC) van > 21.7 cm gehad. Gemiddelde mikronutriëntinnames was laag in vergelyking met die verwysingstandaarde en serumsink was suboptimaal. Vetsug, hipertensie en verhoogde totale serumcholesterolvlakke het op ‘n verhoogde risiko van kardiovaskulêre siekte gedui. Die resultate het dus bewys dat lae inkomste, huishoudelike voedselin-sekuriteit en die risikofaktore wat met wanvoeding en leefstylsiektes geassosieer word, teenwoordig was.
Editorial Comments
Authors: Botha Karel
Published: August 2012

This edition of Health SA Gesondheid has a strong focus on HIV/AIDS, women, pregnancy and motherhood in southern Africa, and the challenges healthcare professionals experience in providing effective support in this important,

but extremely vulnerable sector of health care.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Letter from the Editor
Authors: Downing Charlene
Published: August 2012

When we stand at closing the door of this year we have to stand in the doorway and celebrate the many challenges and new beginnings we have experienced within the environment of Health SA Gesondheid.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
The roots of reds: a rationale for the support of educators affected by the HIV and aids pandemic
Authors: Theron Linda , Geyer Stephan , Strydom Herman , Delport CSL
Published: August 2012

The nature of educators’ work has changed dramatically, in part because of the challenges of the HIV and AIDS pandemic. Despite these multiple and relentless challenges which educators contend with, and despite numerous calls for educator empowerment to cope with HIV -related challenges, little has been done up until now to support educators. By reviewing current literature, this article outlines the HIV-altered professional reality of South African educators and makes the argument that affected educators need support to cope. In conclusion, the support programme, Resilient Educators (REds), is introduced as one possible means of educator support.

Opsomming

Die aard van onderwysers se werk het dramaties verander, deels as gevolg van die uitdagings van die MIV- en Vigspandemie. Ten spyte van hierdie veelvoudige en onverbiddelike uitdagings waarmee onderwysers gekonfronteer word, en ten spyte van die talle oproepe tot onderwyserbemagtiging om die MIV-verwante uitdagings die hoof te bied, is daar tot dusver min gedoen om onderwysers te ondersteun. Deur middel van ’n literatuuroorsig beskryf hierdie artikel die MIV- veranderde professionele werklikheid van Suid-Afrikaanse onderwysers en word daar geargumenteer dat geaffekteerde onderwysers ondersteuning nodig het om die situasie te hanteer. Gevolglik word die ondersteuningsprogram “Resilient Educators (REds)” voorgestel as moontlike wyse van onderwyserondersteuning.
Challenges facing the South African nursing profession
Authors: Poggenpoel Marie , Muller Marie
Published: August 2012

The purpose of this article is to describe the results of a study that was conducted to identify challenges facing the nursing profession in a post-apartheid South Africa. OpsommingDie doel van hierdie artikel is om die resultate te beskryf van 'n studie wat onderneem is om uitdagings te identifiseer wat die Suid-Afrikaanse verpleegberoep in die gesig staan.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Health and healing in new testament times: Historical understanding and the health care debate
Authors: Botha Pieter JJ
Published: August 2012

In this article an overview is given of assumptions about health and illness as well as healing practices in the antiquity Mediterranean world, especially the New-Testament era.Opsomming'n Oorsigtelike bespreking van opvattinge oor gesondheid en siekte asook van genesingspraktyke in die antieke Mediterreense wereld, veral die Nuwe-Testamentiese era, word in hierdie artikel aangebied.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Promoting nurses mental health
Authors: Poggenpoel Marie
Published: August 2012

In this article obstacles that influence nurses mental health are described as well as ways to address the obstacles to promote mental health. Opsomming In hierdie artikel word struikelblokke wat verpleegkundiges se geestesgesondheid beinvloed beskryf asook wyses hoe om die struikelblokke aan te spreek om sodoende geestesgesondheid te bevorder.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Understanding Social Research
Authors: Botes A
Published: August 2012

The author has been working in the field of Science philosophy and research methology for more that a decade.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Letter to the editor
Authors: Procter Nicholas G
Published: August 2012

Letter:"A Juxtaposition Between Local and Global Issues"
Die gebruik van die Delphi-tegniek vir die ontwikkeling van kriteria vir die beoordeling van kurrikula vir transkulturele verpleging
Authors: Zeelie Susanna CD , Uys Heilie
Published: August 2012

Nursing professionals need specific training to be empowered to render culture congruent care. In this article, criteria regarding transcultural nursing content for inclusion in nursing curricula are drafted.Opsomming Verpleegkundiges benodig spesifieke opieiding om bemagtiging vir die lewer van kultuur-kongruente sorg te ontvang. In hierdie artikel word kriteria rakende transkulturele verpleegkundige inhoud vir insluiting in Verpleegkunde kurrikulu opgestel.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Health personnel education in South Africa
Authors: Gumbi Rachael V , Muller Marie E
Published: August 2012

The education of South African health personnel should be reality-based and therefore focused on the real needs of the country. OpsommingDie opleiding van Suid-Afrikaanse gesondheidspersoneel behoort op die realiteit gebaseer te word en derhalwe op die behoeftes van die land.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
The view from practitioners
Authors: Gmeiner AC
Published: August 2012

Ian Hulat is the Programme Manager of the South East Wales Institute of Nursing and Midwifery and a practicing counsellor with the Central School of Councelling Therapy.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Water supply and public health
Authors: Haarhoff Johannes
Published: August 2012

This article deals with the link between water supply and community health. This link, often thought to be a direct and simple one, is multi-faceted and complex. OpsommingDie verband tussen watervoorsiening aan die een kant, en gemeenskapsgesondheid aan die ander kant, is nie so 'n direkte en eenvoudige verband as wat algemeen aanvaar word nie.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
The national qualifications framework (NQF) - How will nursing education fit in?
Authors: Geyer Nelouise
Published: August 2012

Authority Act no.58 of 1995, initiated a body that will develop such a framework.OpsommingWet, No 58 van 1995, stel 'n liggaam daar omt so 'n raamwerk te ontwikkel.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
The role of health care workers in collaborating with traditional healers in primary health care. Part 1
Authors: Troskie Rosemare
Published: August 2012

The Reconstruction and Development Plan as well as the National Health Plan of the ANC supports the reorganisation of health services. OpsommingDie Heropbou en Ontwikkelingsprogram sowel as die Nasionale Gesondheidsplan van die ANC staan die herorganisasie van gesondheidsdienste voor.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Conceptualizing a theory of comfort
Authors: Morse Janice
Published: August 2012

This article presents a realistic perspective on the definition of health.Opsomming Die term gesondheid was nog altyd moeilik om te definieer, omdat daar soveel uiteenlopende beskouings is.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Attitudes and perceptions of nurses regarding early communication intervention
Authors: Louw Brenda , Weber Ingrid
Published: August 2012

Although nurses play a vital role during Early Communication Intervention with infants and toddlers 0-2 years, limited research has been conducted regarding this role. OpsommingAlhoewel verpleegkundiges 'n belangrike rol speel in Vroee Kommunikasie Intervensie met hoerisiko-babas en kleuters van 0-2jaar, is beperkte navorsing egter uitgevoer oor hierdie rol.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Reflective practice in nursing. The growth of the professional practitioner
Authors: Chambeli MM
Published: August 2012

The book was first published in 1994 and reprinted in 1994, 1995 (twice) and 1996 (twice).
Nutritional blindness in developing countries
Authors: Gross Elna
Published: August 2012

Of the world's estimated forty two million blind population ninety percent live in the Southern countries.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Editorial Comments
Authors: Poggenpoel Marie
Published: August 2012

In this edition of Health SA Gesondheid the focus is on the importance of communication in the health service delivery system.OpsommingIn hierdie uitgawe van Health SA Gesondheid word die klem geplaas op die belang van kommunikasie in die gesondheidsdienslewering stelsel.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
The use of traditional medicines by teenage mothers in Soshanguve
Authors: Kgoatia Peter
Published: August 2012

In this research a survey was conducted with a purposive sample of teenage mothers attending three clinics in Soshanguve. OpsommingIn hierdie navorsing is 'n opname uitgevoer met 'n doelgerigte steekproef van tienderjarige moeders wat in Soshanguve drie klinieke bywoon.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.