bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of low sperm competition on male reproductive trait allometries in a bush-cricket
Authors: Winkler Lennart , Kirch Leon M. , Reinhold Klaus , Ramm Steven A.
Published: October 2019

Background

Studying reproductive trait allometries can help to understand optimal male investment strategies under sexual selection. In promiscuous mating systems, studies across several taxa suggest that testes allometry is usually positive, presumably due to strong selection on sperm numbers through intense sperm competition. Here, we investigated testes allometry in a bush-cricket species,Metaplastes ornatus, in which females mate promiscuously, but where sperm removal behaviour by males likely drastically reduces realised sperm competition level.

Results

As hypothesised, we found evidence for negative testes allometry and hence a fundamentally different male investment strategy compared to species under intense sperm competition. In addition, the mean relative testes size ofM. ornatuswas small compared to other species of bush-crickets. Surprisingly, the spermatophore gland, a potential alternative trait that males could invest in instead of testes, also did not show positive allometry, but was approximately isometric. We further observed the expected pattern of negative allometry for the male morphological structure responsible for sperm removal in this species, the subgenital plate, supporting the one-size-fits-all hypothesis for intromittent genitalia.

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that the evolution of sperm removal behaviour inM. ornatuswas a key adaptation for avoiding sperm competition, with important consequences for reproductive trait allometries. Nevertheless, they also imply that it does not pay for larger males to invest disproportionately in nuptial gift production in this species.
A fern WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX gene functions in both gametophyte and sporophyte generations
Authors: Youngstrom Christopher E. , Geadelmann Lander F. , Irish Erin E. , Cheng Chi-Lien
Published: October 2019

Background

Post-embryonic growth of land plants originates from meristems. Genetic networks in meristems maintain the stem cells and direct acquisition of cell fates. WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX (WOX) transcription factors involved in meristem networks have only been functionally characterized in two evolutionarily distant taxa, mosses and seed plants. This report characterizes aWOXgene in a fern, which is located phylogenetically between the two taxa.

Results

CrWOXBtranscripts were detected in proliferating tissues, including gametophyte and sporophyte meristems ofCeratopteris richardii. In addition,CrWOXBis expressed in archegonia but not the antheridia of gametophytes. Suppression ofCrWOXBexpression in wild-type RN3 plants by RNAi produced abnormal morphologies of gametophytes and sporophytes. The gametophytes of RNAi lines produced fewer cells, and fewer female gametes compared to wild-type. In the sporophyte generation, RNAi lines produced fewer leaves, pinnae, roots and lateral roots compared to wild-type sporophytes.

Conclusions

Our results suggest thatCrWOXBfunctions to promote cell divisions and organ development in the gametophyte and sporophyte generations, respectively. CrWOXBis the first intermediate-clade WOX gene shown to function in both generations in land plants.
Tubal ligation and endometrial Cancer risk: a global systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Loghmani Laleh , Saedi Nafise , Omani-Samani Reza , Safiri Saeid , Sepidarkish Mahdi , Maroufizadeh Saman , Esmailzadeh Arezoo , Shokrpour Maryam , Khedmati Morasae Esmaeil , Almasi-Hashiani Amir
Published: October 2019

Background

Studies on relationship between tubal ligation and endometrial cancer have led to contradictory findings. In several studies, however, a reduced endometrial cancer risk was suggested following tubal ligation. Therefore, a systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between tubal ligation and endometrial cancer risk.

Methods

In this systematic review and meta-analysis, PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and Google Scholar were searched for relevant studies published up to May 30th, 2018. We compared endometrial cancer risk in women with and without tubal ligation in retrieved studies.

Results

Two hundred nine studies were initially retrieved from the data bases. After exclusion of duplicates and studies which did not meet inclusion criteria, ten cohort and case-control studies, including 6,773,066 cases, were entered into the quantitative meta-analysis. There was 0.90% agreement between two researchers who searched and retrieved the studies. The summary OR (SOR) was reported using a random effect model. Begg’s test suggested that there was no publication bias, but a considerable heterogeneity was observed (I2 = 95.4%, P = 0.001). We pooled the raw number of tables cells (i.e. a, b, c, and d) of eight studies. The SOR suggested that tubal ligation was significantly associated with a lower risk of endometrial cancer (SOR = 0.577, 95% CI = 0.420–0.792). Also, given the rare nature of endometrial cancer (< 5%), different effect sizes were considered as comparable measures of risk. Therefore we pooled ten studies and SOR of these studies revealed that tubal ligation was significantly associated with a lower risk of endometrial cancer (SOR = 0.696, 95% CI = 0.425–0.966). Besides that, we pooled eight studies in which adjusted effect sizes were reported and a subsequent analysis revealed that the summary estimate of adjusted odds ratio (SAOR) was significant (SAOR = 0.862, 95% CI = 0.698–1.026).

Conclusions

This study revealed a protective effect of tubal ligation on endometrial cancer risk (approximately 42% lower risk of cancer). It is recommended that studies should be designed to reveal mechanisms of this relationship.
Denture stomatitis associated with small-colony variants of Staphylococcus aureus: a case report
Authors: Garbacz Katarzyna , Kwapisz Ewa , Wierzbowska Maria
Published: October 2019

Background

The small-colony variants (SCVs) ofStaphylococcus aureuswere isolated from persistent and recurrent infections, especially after placement of medical devices having direct contact with human tissues. The emergence of SCVs is a survival strategy ofS. aureuswhich enables them to hide inside host’s cells and induces a less severe immune response than to wild-typeS. aureus. However, contrary to other medical devices, dental prosthesis as a surface potentially colonized by SCVs ofS. aureushas not been examined thus far. We reported the first case of SCVs -S. aureusinfection in denture wearer.

Case presentation

A 62-year-old woman with a complete removable acrylic denture presented extensive elevated erythematous lesions on the palate, compatible with denture stomatitis. The patient had a history of arterial hypertension, cigarette smoking and wearing denture at night. The fungal colonies, identified asCandida albicans, were cultured on Sabouraud agar. From three swabs (from hard palate mucosa, denture surface and angular cheilitis lesions) were cultured of pinpoint, clear, non-pigmented, and non-haemolytic colonies on Columbia agar. The small colonies turned out to be Gram-positive cocci, catalase-, Pastorex Staph Plus -, and clumping factor-positive, and oxidase-negative. Suspected phenotypically SCVs forms were definitively identified asS. aureusbased on PCR amplification of species specificnucandcoagenes. Methicillin-resistance was verified bymecAgene detection. The isolates turned out to be susceptible to methicillin (MSSA) and resistant to gentamicin. The isolate was identified as menadione-auxotrophic variant.

Conclusions

This case demonstrated that oral cavity in denture wearers may be a reservoir of small-colony variants ofS. aureus,besidesC. albicans. The prevalence of these bacteria and their role in the pathogenesis of oral diseases are not understood. Due to problems with their detection and identification, the true prevalence of oral SCVs may be underestimated.
Factors associated with access to health services and quality of life in knee osteoarthritis patients: a multilevel cross-sectional study
Authors: Choojaturo Siriwan , Sindhu Siriorn , Utriyaprasit Ketsarin , Viwatwongkasem Chukiat
Published: October 2019

Background

The main purpose of health service systems is to improve patients’ quality of life (QoL) and to ensure equitable access to health services. However, in reality, nearly half of knee osteoarthritis (OA) patients present to the health system do not have access to health services, and their QoL remains poor. These circumstances raise important questions about what (if any) factors can improve health care accessibility and QoL for knee OA patients.

Methods

A multicenter, cross-sectional survey was performed with 618 knee OA patients who received care at 16 hospitals in Thailand. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was conducted to investigate the association of health service factors and patient factors with access to health services and QoL.

Results

The QoL of knee OA patients was very poor (mean score = 33.8). Only 2.1% of the knee OA patients found it easy to obtain medical care when needed. Approximately 39.4% of them were able to access appropriate interventions before being referred for knee replacement. More than 85% of orthopedic health services had implemented chronic disease management (CDM) policy into practice. However, the implementation was basic, with an average score of 5.9. SEM showed that QoL was determined by both health system factors (β = .10, p = .01) and patient factors (β = .29, p = .00 for self-management and β = −.49, p = .00 for disease factors). Access to health services was determined by self-management (β = .10, p = .01), but it was not significantly associated with QoL (β = .00, p = 1.0).

Conclusions

This study provides compelling information about self-management, access to health services and QoL from the individual and health service system perspectives. Furthermore, it identifies a need to develop health services that are better attuned to the patient’s background, such as socioeconomic status, disease severity, and self-management skills.
The prognostic value of long noncoding RNA SNHG16 on clinical outcomes in human cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Chenghao , Ren Xiaolei , He Jieyu , Wang Wanchun , Tu Chao , Li Zhihong
Published: October 2019

Background

Cancer has been a worldwide health problem with a high risk of morbidity and mortality, however ideal biomarkers for effective screening and diagnosis of cancer patients are still lacking. Small nucleolar RNA host gene 16 (SNHG16) is newly identified lncRNA with abnormal expression in several human malignancies. However, its prognostic value remains controversial. This meta-analysis aimed to synthesize available data to clarify the association between SNHG16 expression levels and clinical prognosis value in multiple cancers.

Methods

Extensive literature retrieval was conducted to identify eligible studies, and data regarding SNHG16 expression levels on survival outcomes and clinicopathological features were extracted and pooled for calculation of the hazard ratios (HRs) or odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Forest plots were applied to show the association between SNHG16 expression and survival prognosis. Additionally, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset was screened and extracted for validation of the results in this meta-analysis.

Results

A total of eight studies comprising 568 patients were included in the final meta-analysis according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. In the pooled analysis, high SNHG16 expression significantly predicted worse overall survival (OS) in various cancers (HR = 1.87, 95% CI 1.54–2.26, P < 0.001), and recurrence-free survival (RFS) in bladder cancer (HR = 1.68, 95% CI 1.01–2.79, P = 0.045). Meanwhile, stratified analyses revealed that the survival analysis method, tumor type, sample size, and cut-off value did not alter the predictive value of SNHG16 for OS in cancer patients. In addition, compared to the low SNHG16 expression group, patients with high SNHG16 expression were more prone to worse clinicopathological features, such as larger tumor size, advanced clinical stage, lymph node metastasis (LNM) and distant metastasis (DM). Exploration of TCGA dataset further validated that the upregulated SNHG16 expression predicted unfavorable OS and disease-free survival (DFS) in cancer patients.

Conclusions

The present study implicated that aberrant expression of lncRNA SNHG16 was strongly associated with clinical survival outcomes in various cancers, and therefore might serve as a promising biomarker for predicting prognosis of human cancers.
Survey of the effects of internet usage on the happiness of Japanese university students
Authors: Kitazawa Momoko , Yoshimura Michitaka , Hitokoto Hidefumi , Sato-Fujimoto Yuka , Murata Mayu , Negishi Kazuno , Mimura Masaru , Tsubota Kazuo , Kishimoto Taishiro
Published: October 2019

Background

Besides research on psychiatric diseases related to problematic Internet use (PIU), a growing number of studies focus on the impact of Internet on subjective well-being (SWB). However, in previous studies on the relationship between PIU and SWB, there is little data for Japanese people specifically, and there is a lack of consideration for differences in perception of happiness due to cultural differences. Therefore, we aimed to clarify how happiness is interdependent on PIU measures, with a focus on how the concept of happiness is interpreted among Japanese people, and specifically among Japanese university students.

Methods

A paper-based survey was conducted with 1258 Japanese university students. Respondents were asked to fill out self-report scales regarding their happiness using the Interdependent Happiness Scale (IHS). The relationship between IHS and Internet use (Japanese version of the Internet addiction test, JIAT), use of social networking services, as well as social function and sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PSQI) were sought using multiple regression analyses.

Results

Based on multiple regression analyses, the following factors related positively to IHS: female gender and the number of Twitter followers. Conversely, the following factors related negatively to IHS: poor sleep, high- PIU, and the number of times the subject skipped a whole day of school.

Conclusions

It was shown that there was a significant negative correlation between Japanese youths’ happiness and PIU. Since epidemiological research on happiness that reflects the cultural background is still scarce, we believe future studies shall accumulate similar evidence in this regard.
SIRT2 deacetylates GRASP55 to facilitate post-mitotic Golgi assembly
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyan , Brachner Andreas , Kukolj Eva , Slade Dea , Wang Yanzhuang
Published: October 2019

Sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) is an NAD-dependent sirtuin deacetylase that regulates microtubule and chromatin dynamics, gene expression and cell cycle progression, as well as nuclear envelope reassembly. Recent proteomic analyses have identified Golgi proteins as SIRT2 interactors, indicating that SIRT2 may also play a role in Golgi structure formation. Here, we show that SIRT2 depletion causes Golgi fragmentation and impairs Golgi reassembly at the end of mitosis. SIRT2 interacts with the Golgi reassembly stacking protein GRASP55 (also known as GORASP2) in mitosis when GRASP55 is highly acetylated on K50. Expression of wild-type and the K50R acetylation-deficient mutant of GRASP55, but not the K50Q acetylation-mimetic mutant, in GRASP55 and GRASP65 (also known as GORASP1) double-knockout cells, rescued the Golgi structure and post-mitotic Golgi reassembly. Acetylation-deficient GRASP55 exhibited a higher self-interaction efficiency, a property required for Golgi structure formation. These results demonstrate that SIRT2 regulates Golgi structure by modulating GRASP55 acetylation levels.
Use of radiobiology in medical jurisprudence, with particular reference to delays in diagnosis and therapeutic onset
Authors: Jones Bleddyn
Published: October 2019

Objective:

This paper considers aspects of radiobiology and cell and tissue kinetics applicable to legal disputations concerned with diagnostic and treatment onset delays.

Methods:

Various models for tumour volume changes with time are reviewed for estimating volume ranges at earlier times, using ranges of kinetic parameters. Statistical cure probability methods, using Poisson statistics with allowances for parameter heterogeneity, are also described to estimate the significance of treatment delays, as well as biological effective dose (BED) estimations of radiation effectiveness.

Results:

The use of growth curves, based on parameters in the literature but with extended ranges, can identify a window of earlier times when such tumour volumes would be amenable to a cure based on the literature for curability with stage (and dimensions). Also, where tumour dimensions are not available in a post-operative setting, higher cure probabilities can be achieved if treatment had been given at earlier times.

Conclusion:

The use of radiobiological modelling can provide useful insights, with quantitative assessments of probable prior conditions and future outcomes, and thus be of assistance to a Court in deciding the most correct judgement.

Advances in knowledge:

This study collates prior knowledge about aspects of radiobiology that can be useful in the accumulation of sufficient proof within medicolegal claims involving diagnostic and treatment days.
Application of the «Bloom Cube» Reception When Teaching Mathematics
Authors: Келдибекова Аида , Keldibekova Aida , Сопуев Уланбек , Sopuev Ulanbek
Published: October 2019

The aim of the article is to study the features of the methodological method “Bloom Cube” in the formation of critical thinking of students in teaching mathematics. Following research methods were used: the study of the works of the founders of critical thinking technology, the analysis of educational and methodical literature on this topic. In the course of the study, the results were obtained: conditions for the formation of critical thinking skills of students in solving mathematical problems were determined, areas of application and basic principles for compiling Bloom questions were identifi ed. Conclusions: the use of the Bloom Cube technique in teaching mathematics contributes to the formation of students ‘research skills and is eff ective in developing students’ mathematical and analytical competencies.
One Theme of the Project Is a Lot of Ideas: on the Example of Designing a Mathematical Calendar
Authors: Павлова О. , Pavlova O. , Чиркова Наталья , Chirkova Natal'ya
Published: October 2019

The article shows how a single project topic, formulated on the basis of the “domino principle”, can stimulate creative search and be embodied in several project products — various mathematical calendars. All calendars diff er among themselves by their target audience, form and content. The implementation of such projects is a means of professionalizing students of a pedagogical university in the aspect of improving their methodological, metamathematical and project competencies.
Professional Education in Cadet Corps: History and Modernity
Authors: Фролова С. , Frolova Svetlana , Куницына С. , Kunitsyna S.
Published: October 2019

The article discusses the traditions of professional education in the Moscow cadet corps, in which not only trained future offi cers, but also gave students a broad civic education. Of particular importance in the educational system of cadet education was the professional ideal of an offi cer who was ready to serve for the good of the Fatherland, a true patriot. The historical traditions of Russian cadet education at the beginning of the 20th century are actively supported in schools of the Moscow Region. The article presents the experience of professional cadet education in one of the schools near Moscow, which is the academic testing experimental site of Academy of Public Administration.
UTILIZAÇÃO DO TEATRO DE TEMÁTICA CIENTÍFICA COMO FORMA DE DIVULGAR A CIÊNCIA NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA
Authors: Pereira Ademir De Souza , Calixto Vivian Dos Santos
Published: October 2019

Por meio deste texto apresentamos os resultados inerentes ao desenvolvimento de ações vinculadas a um projeto de extensão intitulado Show da Química: a divulgação científica por meio do teatro de temática científica. O projeto é decorrente de uma proposta desenvolvida por professores da Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados e teve como intencionalidade apresentar aos alunos da Educação Básica atividades lúdicas por meio de encenações de teatro, que tencionou potencializar o interesse em aprender ciências. Participaram deste projeto trinta alunos dos cursos de Bacharelado e Licenciatura em Química, além de alunos vinculados ao programa de Pós-graduação em Química, do programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia Ambiental e além de quatro professores com formação na área de Ensino de Química. Como resultado foram elaboradas dez peças teatrais, encenadas ao longo de 29 apresentações em escolas da cidade de Dourados e de Mato Grosso do Sul, encontros de formação inicial e continuada de professores e abertura de eventos científicos. Compreendemos que o desenvolvimento das ações correlatas ao projeto potencializou o trabalho em ambas dimensões da formação de professores, inicial e continuada, oportunizando a apropriação da linguagem científica e dos diferentes saberes inerentes a ação docente.
Créditos
Authors: Revista E-Mosaicos
Published: October 2019

e-Mosaicos
The BACH classification of long bone osteomyelitis
Authors: Hotchen Andrew J. , Dudareva Maria , Ferguson Jamie Y. , Sendi Parham , McNally Martin A.
Published: October 2019

Objectives

The aim of this study was to assess the clinical application of, and optimize the variables used in, the BACH classification of long-bone osteomyelitis.

Methods

A total of 30 clinicians from a variety of specialities classified 20 anonymized cases of long-bone osteomyelitis using BACH. Cases were derived from patients who presented to specialist centres in the United Kingdom between October 2016 and April 2017. Accuracy and Fleiss’ kappa (Fκ) were calculated for each variable. Bone involvement (B-variable) was assessed further by nine clinicians who classified ten additional cases of long bone osteomyelitis using a 3D clinical imaging package. Thresholds for defining multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates were optimized using results from a further analysis of 253 long bone osteomyelitis cases.

Results

The B-variable had a classification accuracy of 77.0%, which improved to 95.7% when using a 3D clinical imaging package (p < 0.01). The A-variable demonstrated difficulty in the accuracy of classification for increasingly resistant isolates (A1 (non-resistant), 94.4%; A2 (MDR), 46.7%; A3 (extensively or pan-drug-resistant), 10.0%). Further analysis demonstrated that isolates with four or more resistant test results or less than 80% sensitive susceptibility test results had a 98.1% (95% confidence interval (CI) 96.6 to 99.6) and 98.8% (95% CI 98.1 to 100.0) correlation with MDR status, respectively. The coverage of the soft tissues (C-variable) and the host status (H-variable) both had a substantial agreement between users and a classification accuracy of 92.5% and 91.2%, respectively.

Conclusions

The BACH classification system can be applied accurately by users with a variety of clinical backgrounds. Accuracy of B-classification was improved using 3D imaging. The use of the A-variable has been optimized based on susceptibility testing results. Cite this article: A. J. Hotchen, M. Dudareva, J. Y. Ferguson, P. Sendi, M. A. McNally. The BACH classification of long bone osteomyelitis. Bone Joint Res 2019;8:459–468. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.810.BJR-2019-0050.R1
Risk assessment of antibiotic resistance development by antibiotic-loaded bone cements: is it a clinical concern?
Authors: Berberich Christof , Sanz-Ruiz Pablo
Published: October 2019

Because of the risk of bacterial biofilm infections, prophylactic use of antibiotics in orthopaedic procedures involving the implantation of large prosthesis systems is considered mandatory. A strategy based on the rationale that local antibiotics released from bone cement or other carriers establish a second antibacterial frontline in and around the prosthesis is considered complementary to the administration of systemic antibiotics. Although less common as a consequence of the initially very high drug concentrations of local antibiotics in the tissues, a selection process of previous high resistance bacteria may occur, leading to antibiotic resistance. The use of antibiotic combinations in bone cement is generally accepted to improve antibiotic efficacy and minimizes the treatment failure risk due to antibiotic resistance. This is important in septic revisions and/or in patients at particularly high risk of infection. On an individual basis, the benefit of a lower infection probability with combined systemic and local antibiotic application should outweigh the risk of the selection of more resistant bacteria. Each prevented infection means that a complex and extended antibiotic therapy with risk of resistance development over time has been avoided. On an epidemiological level there is no clinical evidence that the routine use of bone cement impregnated with appropriate bactericidal antibiotics promotes the widespread development of antibiotic resistance and thereby puts the successful treatment of a prosthetic joint infection at higher risk.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2019;4:576-584. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.4.180104
Clay–water interactions
Authors: Vietti Andrew
Published: October 2019

Slurry colloidal and particle interaction theory is described and applied to clay mineral suspensions. Mechanisms which affect the colloidal properties of the dewatering behaviour of clay mineral suspensions are described, after which the processes of coagulation and flocculation are discussed. Finally, sedimentation and self-weight consolidation are discussed as the mechanisms by which a low-density slurry transitions to a high-density slurry or soil.
Dohányzás és okostelefon-függőség fiatalok körében: a motivációk differenciáló szerepe klaszterelemzésben
Authors: Pikó Bettina Franciska , Kiss Hedvig
Published: October 2019

Az okostelefonok nagyarányú elterjedtsége különösen a középiskolás és egyetemista korosztályt érinti; számukra az életmód vitathatatlan részévé vált a folyamatos online jelenlét, amit az okostelefonok biztosítanak. A számos előny mellett azonban negatív következményekkel is számolnunk kell, mint amilyen a függőség megjelenése. A viselkedési addikciókhoz tartozó jelenség összefüggése más függőségekkel (pl. dohányzás) ma még jórészt feltáratlan terület. Jelen kutatásban az okostelefon-függőség és a dohányzás kapcsolatát elemeztük a dohányzással összefüggő motivációs attitűdök segítségével. Vizsgálatunkban 15 és 30 év közötti, középiskolákban és egyetemeken tanuló fiatalok vettek részt (N = 295; 58,6% lány). Az adatgyűjtés részben online, részben papír-alapon történt. Klaszteranalízissel négy klasztert sikerült elkülöníteni. A fiatalok egy része nem volt hajlamos sem dohányzásra, sem okostelefon-függőségre. A második klaszterbe tartozók körében a dohányzás ugyan magas gyakoriságot mutatott, azonban okostelefon-függőség nem volt rájuk jellemző. A harmadik klaszterben az okostelefon-függőség magas dohányzási gyakorisággal társult, míg az utolsóban az okostelefon-függőségre való hajlam mellett a dohányzás alacsony mértékű volt. Ez utóbbi csoportba főként középiskolások tartoztak: rájuk tehát a dohányzás háttérbe szorulása, ugyanakkor az okostelefon-függőség terjedése a jellemző. A húsz év felettiek ugyanakkor kevésbé hajlamosak okostelefon-függőségre, viszont lényegesen többen dohányoztak, és motivációs attitűdjeik is pozitív megerősítéssel szolgálnak a dohányzás irányában. Eredményeink alapján arra következtethetünk, hogy a fiatalok függőségre való hajlamát motivációk és egyéb, még feltárásra váró tényezők befolyásolhatják.
Effect of high tocopherol doses on lipid peroxidation and insulin secretion in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
Authors: Balabolkin M. I. , Mikhailova Ye. V. , Knyazeva A. P. , Pankova S. S.
Published: October 2019

Forty-one patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were examined, divided into four groups administered various types of treatment: (1) diets, (2) predian, (3) glybenclamide, and (4) sugar-reducing drugs and insulin. All the patients were prescribed vitamin E in daily doses 600 and 1200 mg. The results indicate that vitamin E in high doses stimulates pancreatic insulin-producing function and is conducive to normalization of lipid peroxidation no matter what kind of therapy is administered.
ATP-dependent K+ channels of pancreatic ß-cells under the effects of some sulfonylurea drugs
Authors: Babichev V. N. , Ignatyev N. S. , Balabolkin M. I.
Published: October 2019

The authors analyze the relationships between electrophysiologic processes taking place on (J-cell membranes under the effects of some second generation sulfonylurea drugs: glycaside, glybenclamide, and glypizine and their secretogenic effects on insulin secretion. All the tested drugs induced complete blocking of K+-ATP-dependent channels when administered in concentrations from 1 to 20 pM (physiologic doses). Glucose had a similar effect. The canal is closed very soon, within 30 sec, and is closed for approximately 10 min, rapidly opening after the drug is washed away. Reduced activity of the channels up to their closure is conducive to the onset of insulin secretion. Glybenclamide proved to be the most potent suppressor of individual channel activity, this being confirmed by its more potent hypoglycemic effect as compared to glyclaside or glypizine.
Immobilization stress effect on thyroid hormone secretion
Authors: Turakulov Ya. Kh. , Burikhanov R. B. , Patkhitdinov P. P. , Myslitsksya A. I.
Published: October 2019

Analysis of blood flowing from the rat thyroid has shown that an acute immobilization stress enhanced thyroid hormone secretion with an increase of the T3/T4-100 index. The most marked response to stress was observed after repeated 2 min immobilization with a 3 min interval: Such increase of secretion was arrested by injection of prasosin, an -adrenoblocker. Propylthiouracil injected an hour before the experiment reduced T4 thyroid conversion index. These results permit a conclusion that short-term repeated immobilization enhanced thyroid hormone secretion via -adrenergic system stimulation, this being paralleled by increased production of hormonally more active T3.
Present-day concepts of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus immunopathogenesis
Authors: Zlobina Ye. N. , Dedov I. I.
Published: October 2019

The article is devoted to the review of the present-day concepts of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus immunopathogenesis.
Addendum
Authors: Verschuere Adrien
Published: October 2019

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Citation : Adrien Verschuere, "Addendum", lieuxdits#1, juin 2011, p.5.

Bibliographie :

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Bernardo Secchi
Authors: Bourez Olivier
Published: October 2019

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Citation : Olivier Bourez, "Bernardo Secchi", lieuxdits#1, juin 2011, pp.6-11.

Bibliographie :

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La part des architectes
Authors: Vanderstraeten Pierre
Published: October 2019

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Citation : Pierre Vanderstraeten, "La part des architectes", lieuxdits#1, juin 2011, p.12.

Bibliographie :

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L'urbanisme comme dimension de l'action territoriale
Authors: Hanin Yves
Published: October 2019

Cet article pose les bases pour un renouveau de la recherche et de l'enseignement de l'urbanisme.
Slow Valleys
Authors: Le Fort Barbara
Published: October 2019

L’article présente la démarche et les résultats d’atelier des étudiants du Master de spécialisation en urbanisme et développement territorial (URBA LOCI-LLN). Ils ont travaillé à la définition des structures territoriales porteuses d’un développement durable de la communauté métropolitaine de Bruxelles et des deux Brabants.
Trans-missions
Authors: Evrard Arnaud , Pauporté Elie
Published: October 2019

En avril 2016, une Semaine de la construction en terre crue fût organisée par la faculté Loci. Mêlant conférences, ateliers et séminaire, elle avait pour ambition de croiser les trois missions de la faculté - l’enseignement, la recherche et le service à la société – autour de la terre crue. Cet article en propose un bref compte-rendu.
Triskaïdéka-philie
Authors: Claeys Damien
Published: October 2019

Que ceux qui souffrent de triskaïdékaphobie se rassurent, ce numéro 13 de la revue lieuxdits met de côté les considérations liées à des superstitions pour emmener le lecteur à la découverte de thématiques architecturales, ayant des incidences concrètes sur l'environnement construit et sur les interactions sociales qui s'y jouent.
Ordre premier et ordre second
Authors: Wittevrongel Bernard
Published: October 2019

La question d’architecture liée à la construction, à la structure et à l’équipement a pu compter sur l’apport de l’ingénieur Guy Mouton qui a initié l’exercice proposé aux étudiants. Il s'agissait de concevoir un lieu de séjour quelque part sur la planète en explorant un matériau —le bois en l’occurrence— ainsi que le concept structurel et architectural pour arriver à une synergie entre la technique et l’architecture.
Vers de nouveaux horizons pour la recherche ?
Authors: Zastavni Denis , Stillemans Jean
Published: October 2019

L’article fait le point, en juin 2018, sur le projet de création, au sein de l’UCLouvain, d’un Institut de recherche dédié aux thématiques liées à l’Habitat. La montée en puissance des productions scientifiques de la faculté LOCI demande de progresser vers l'émergence d'un nouvel Institut qui coordonne, ordonne et valorise ces élans et ces résultats.
Entretien avec Andreas Hofer: Du commun à la ville
Authors: Salembier Chloé , Ternon Anna , Declève Marine
Published: October 2019

Dans le cadre du MOOC sur les récits d’urbanisme et la question des communs, Andreas Hofer nous a accordé un entretien. Dans cet entretien, il expose l’évolution historique du concept en Suisse depuis la notion de allmende (communs) jusqu’à la redéfinition des coopératives de logement à partir des années 1980. Il revient notamment sur les projets Kraftwerk 1 (1993) et Mehr als wohnen (2007).
Investigations territoriales et spéculations architecturales
Authors: Bourez Olivier , Vanneste Guillaume
Published: October 2019

Comment enseigner le projet d’architecture ? Et comment la conduite de cet enseignement s’appuie sur les ressorts internes de la démarche projectuelle ? L’atelier d’architecture cherche à éveiller chez l’étudiant la compréhension des ressorts multiples du projet d’architecture aux moyens de certains outils de recherche que nous présenterons à travers deux dispositifs : investigations territoriales et spéculations architecturales.
Interview de Jürg Conzett
Authors: Wittevrongel Bernard , Vandenbulcke Benoît
Published: October 2019

L’ingénieur suisse Jürg Conzett a encadré le projet d’architecture des étudiants de Master 1 de Tournai en 2011. De 1981 à 1987, il collabore avec Peter Zumthor. Il fonde son bureau d’ingénierie en 1988. En 1999, il obtient le Grand Prix d’architecture alpine. Parmi ses réalisations, on compte divers ouvrages d’art dont le pont « Coupure » à Bruges et de nombreuses collaborations avec des architectes de renom.
Danser l'architecture
Authors: Lheureux Charlotte
Published: October 2019

L’article fait suite au séminaire "Architecture & Art", qui invitait des étudiants en danse et en architecture à représenter, par le corps et par le mouvement, une promenade architecturale effectuée préalablement au sein d’édifices iconiques. Le propos consiste ici à interroger les processus de création des deux disciplines, en utilisant notamment l’écriture comme trait d’union.

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Bibliographie

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Roberto Gargiani
Authors: Wittevrongel Bernard , Zastavni Denis , Santin Alexandra
Published: October 2019

Dans l'article qui suit, l'interview de 2012 de Robert Gargiani revient sur les thèmes de prédilection qui constituent sa recherche, dont l'histoire de l'architecture, les maîtres contemporains du béton, la définition spatiale en architecture et le sujet du mur et de la colonne.
Sur invitation
Authors: Vanneste Guillaume
Published: October 2019

D'octobre à décembre dernier, à Louvain-la-Neuve, Jean-Paul Jaccaud, architecte de Genève en collaboration avec Christian Gilot, enseignant de la faculté LOCI, encadrent un projet d'immeuble de logements collectifs. En février à Tournai, Manuel Aires Mateus, architecte de Lisbonne, présente un projet de maison dans le cadre des ateliers de Master. Ce printemps sur les trois sites, Paola Vigano, architecte et urbaniste de Milan, donne une série de cinq leçons sur ''le questionnement radical'' en urbanisme. Cette actualité sert de prétexte à une discussion sur l'invitation.
Ecole buissonnière
Authors: Vanneste Guillaume , Haubruge Corentin
Published: October 2019

L’UCL est sur le point d’acquérir un nouveau bâtiment au centre de Tournai afin d’y reloger sa Faculté d’architecture, actuellement sise à Ramegnies-Chin et à l’étroit dans ses locaux.Dès la rentrée 2015-2016, les étudiants de l’UCL pourront donc suivre leurs cours au sein des 7000 m²de bâtiments détenus aujourd’hui par le Groupe 3SI.
Piotr Gołdyn , Obrazki z dziejów oświaty w Wielkopolsce Wschodniej [Pictures from the History of Education in Eastern Wielkopolska]. Volume II, Kaliskie Towarzystwo Przyjaciół Nauk, Kalisz 2015, pp. 123
Authors: Radziszewska Maria
Published: October 2019

Recenzja
Wiesław Jamrożek, Kongresy i zjazdy pedagogiczne w rozwoju polskiej myśli i praktyki edukacyjnej (do 1939 roku), Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, Poznań 2015
Authors: Chmielewski Witold
Published: October 2019

Recenzja
Methodology of work at school tourism clubs in interwar Poland
Authors: Magiera Elżbieta
Published: October 2019

The article concerns work at school sightseeing clubs in Poland in the Interwar period. Since 1919, first in Krakow and then throughout Poland, school sightseeing clubs would emerge, especially in secondary schools and higher grades of elementary schools. Educational authorities supported the school sightseeing movement. The article shows an outline of the ideology of school sightseeing clubs, the stages of their internal development, the scope of activity and the assessment of their work carried out by the organizers. In Interwar Poland, the school sightseeing movement was a part of the innovative educational and didactic activities in schools.
The Sequence of Loyalty and Filial Piety and Its Ideological Origins in the Traditional Ethical Culture of China and Japan
Authors: Yang Weiyu
Published: October 2019

The traditional ethical culture of Japan is under the influence of Chinese Confucian culture. However, due to differences in historical tradition and social structure, in traditional Japanese culture, “loyalty”, as the highest value, is in preference to “filial piety” and it lays a foundation for universal moral principles of the society; while in the Chinese Confucian culture, “filial piety” is regarded as the first and “loyalty” is the natural expansion of “filial piety”. The main reason is the influence of the indigenous Shinto in traditional Japanese culture. After the internalization of the indigenous Shinto and the Tennoism as well as the indoctrination of over 600-year ruling of the samurai regime, “loyalty”, as the national cultural and psychological heritage, has the religious and irrational mysterious color, which is different from the secularization and the practical rationality of the pre-Qin Confucian ethics of China. Loyalty to the emperor and devotion to public interests advocated by Bushido is an important characteristic of traditional Japanese ethical culture, and the religious and absolute understanding of “loyalty” is hidden with the risk of nationalism and irrationality.
If Machines Want to Dream... Adam Wiśniewski-Snerg on Ethical Consequences of There Being No Substantial Distinction between Humans and Robots
Authors: Jocz Artur
Published: October 2019

Adam Wiśniewski-Snerg (1937-1995) was a Polish science fiction writer. In his novel Robot (1973), he made an attempt at a literary visualization of a machine acquiring human identity. In this article I would like to follow the ethical consequences of such situations in created literary worlds. It is worth remembering, however, that these artistic worlds often serve to test non-literary reality. In his novel, Wiśniewski-Snerg also dealt with the problem of human feelings (e.g. moral dilemmas) in a thinking machine, which is formed in the image and likeness of a human being. Such literary reflection is valuable, partly because it enters into an interesting dialogue with the work of Bruno Schulz (1892- 1942), one of the most important Polish writers of the 20th century. It is also one of the first attempts in Polish literature to address the issue of sentient machines, and is a kind of preview of contemporary dilemmas connected with the work on the creation of artificial intelligence. An example of such a dilemma is the issue of the sentient machine’s perception of the tasks imposed on it by the human-constructor. Perhaps it will start to experience them as a kind of unethical oppression. In Wiśniewski-Snerg’s writing this problem of is, of course, expressed in a metaphorical way.
Symphonia i symphoniacus u Petroniusza – analiza semantyczna
Authors: Heintze Michał Adam
Published: October 2019

Heintze Michał Adam, Symphonia i symphoniacus u Petroniusza – analiza semantyczna (Symphonia and symphoniacus – semantic analysis in Petronius).In this article the author discusses the meaning of words „symphonia” and „symphoniacus” in the Satyricon of Petronius. The semantic analysis of the words is based on dictionaries and examples from latin literature.The most important dictionary for this paper was Lexicon totius Latinitatis of E. Forcellini. Even today this Lexicon is a very usefull philological tool.
Privacy-preserving verifiable delegation of polynomial and matrix functions
Authors: Zhang Liang Feng , Safavi-Naini Reihaneh
Published: October 2019

Outsourcing computation has gained significant popularity in recent years due to the development of cloud computing and mobile services. In a basic outsourcing model, a client delegates computation of a function f on an input x to a server. There are two main security requirements in this setting: guaranteeing the server performs the computation correctly, and protecting the client’s input (and hence the function value) from the server. The verifiable computation model of Gennaro, Gentry and Parno achieves the above requirements, but the resulting schemes lack efficiency. This is due to the use of computationally expensive primitives such as fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) and garbled circuits, and the need to represent f as a Boolean circuit. Also, the security model does not allow verification queries, which implies the server cannot learn if the client accepts the computation result. This is a weak security model that does not match many real life scenarios. In this paper, we construct efficient (i.e., without using FHE, garbled circuits and Boolean circuit representations) verifiable computation schemes that provide privacy for the client’s input, and prove their security in a strong model that allows verification queries. We first propose a transformation that provides input privacy for a number of existing schemes for verifiable delegation of multivariate polynomial f over a finite field. Our transformation is based on noisy encoding of x and keeps x semantically secure under the noisy curve reconstruction (CR) assumption. We then propose a construction for verifiable delegation of matrix-vector multiplication, where the delegated function f is a matrix and the input to the function is a vector. The scheme uses PRFs with amortized closed-form efficiency and achieves high efficiency. We outline applications of our results to outsourced two-party protocols.
Crystal structure of iodido-triphenyl-(triphenylphosphine oxide)tin(IV), C36H30IOPSn
Authors: Lo Kong Mun , Lee See Mun , Tiekink Edward R.T.
Published: October 2019

C36H30IOPSn, monoclinic, P21 (no. 4), a = 9.7251(6) Å, b = 17.3609(11) Å, c = 10.0542(6) Å, β = 114.379(1)°, V = 1546.16(17) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0113, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0301, T = 296(2) K.
Promoting botanical literacy with a mobile application - CampusFlora - using an interdisciplinary, student-as-partners approach
Authors: Dimon Richard , Pettit Lachlan , Cheung Caroline , Quinnell Rosanne
Published: October 2019

In this article, we describe our students-as-partners process for bringing undergraduate and academic staff together to develop a mobile application (app) - CampusFlora - for use across our campuses. Our project at the University of Sydney, Australia, was conceived as a way to improve the botanical literacy of biology students by engaging undergraduates to develop online maps of plant locations coupled with information relevant to biology curriculum. Through continuous improvements to the CampusFlora app system, we have expanded the user-base well beyond the life  science student cohorts and now offer content that embraces cultural competence and organisational health initiatives. We offer reflections from student and staff partners on the project that highlight the value of the students-as-partners approach, and the potential value of establishing student partnerships across disciplines, across institutions, and into the community at large.
Research assistant as partner: Collective leadership to facilitate co-production
Authors: Hill Joshua Timothy , Thomas Christy , Brown Barbara
Published: October 2019

In this article, we chronicle our experience of student-faculty partnership within a Scholarship of Teaching and Learning design-based research study. We present our experience of partnership in relation to the student-faculty partnership, collective leadership, adult learning and knowledge building literatures. Key characteristics of our student-faculty partnership are recognizingand using intellectual and experiential resources; practicing principles of knowledge building; and differentiating top-down and lateral decision making. We find the affordances of our partnership to be increased productivity, learning from each other and diversity of ideas and perspectives and limitations to be substantial time commitment, underlying beliefs about students’ capabilities and student-faculty ratio to limitations. We conclude by exploring the impact of our partnership on students, faculty and the university.
David Schmitz—On Our Side but Definitely Not on Nixon’s
Authors: Statler Kathryn C.
Published: October 2019

This essay is part of a roundtable titled “The Scholarship, Influence, and Legacy of David F. Schmitz.” The roundtable includes an introduction from Andrew L. Johns; essays by Vanessa Walker, Steven J. Brady, Kimber M. Quinney, and Kathryn C. Statler; and a response from David F. Schmitz.
Internationalism, Ideology, and Individuals
Authors: Schmitz David F.
Published: October 2019

This essay is part of a roundtable titled “The Scholarship, Influence, and Legacy of David F. Schmitz.” The roundtable includes an introduction from Andrew L. Johns; essays by Vanessa Walker, Steven J. Brady, Kimber M. Quinney, and Kathryn C. Statler; and a response from David F. Schmitz.