bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Penelitian Tafsir dan Pendekatan Kualitatif
Authors: Fauzi Fauzi
Published: April 2022

This article aims to analyze the interpretation research and the approaching model it uses. Data collection techniques using documentation. The result of the research is that most of the research on the interpretation of the Qur'an is carried out with a qualitative approach by emphasizing the ability and competence of researchers to analyze existing data. Data collection includes documentation techniques. The development of al-Qur'an research and interpretation today also leads to how to examine texts that live in a society whose data collection techniques are addition to documentation, as well as observation and interviews. Interpretation researchers are required to continue to develop themselves to understand aspects of the interpretation methodology related to sources, methods, and perspectives. The current approach is also continuously enriched so that it is able to provide analysis in interpretation research in order to make a contribution of knowledge for the development of science and knowledge. Artikel ini bertujuan menganalisis penelitian tafsir dan model pendekatan yang digunakannya. Teknik pengumpulan data mengunakan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitiannya adalah penelitian tafsir al-Qur’an banyak dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif dengan menekannya kemampuan dan kompetensi peneliti untuk menganalisis data-data yang ada. Pengumpulan data di antaranya dengan dilakukan teknik dokumentasi. Perkembangan penelitian al-Qur’an dan tafsir dewasa ini juga mengarah bagaimana meneliti teks-teks yang hidup dalam masyarakat yang teknik pengumpulan datanya di samping dokumentasi, juga observasi dan wawancara. Peneliti tafsir dituntut untuk terus mengembangkan diri untuk memahami aspek metodologi tafsir baik terkait sumber, metode maupun perspektifnya. Pendekatan kekinian juga terus diperkaya agar mampu memberikan analisis dalam penelitian tafsir agar memberikan contribution of knowledge bagi pengembangan ilmu dan pengetahuan.
Bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis diagnosed using dynamic digital radiography during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Shibuya Yukimi , Hirano Koichi , Machida Haruhiko , Miyamoto Makoto , Watabe Kozue , Mitsuma Tomoya , Nakazato Yoko , Tachibana Keisei , Tanaka Ryota , Kondo Haruhiko
Published: April 2022

Dynamic digital radiography (DDR) is a motion-detective technique with
high temporal resolution. Flexible laryngoscopy is a common modality for
observation of the larynx, but it is aerosol generating. DDR is an easy
and less risky screening test for diagnosis of recurrent laryngeal nerve
paralysis during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Source-sink migration of natural enemies drives local maladaptation of victim populations in edge habitats
Authors: Chu Xiao-Lin , Buckling Angus , Zhang Quan-Guo
Published: April 2022

Natural enemies are critical drivers of species biogeography. Local
adaptation of victim populations in edge habitats is particularly likely
to be limited by enemies. We experimentally tested this hypothesis using
a model microbial system, bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens
(victim) and a lytic bacteriophage (enemy). When evolving alone,
bacterial populations in a low temperature environment (10°C) showed
obvious abiotic adaptation in terms of increased growth performance; and
immigration of bacteria from an optimal environment (28°C) reduced such
evolutionary adaptation. However, when phages were present, no
significant abiotic adaptation was observed. Crucially, phage immigrants
from source populations even caused maladaptation (decreased growth
performance relative to the ancestral genotype), and bacterial
adaptation was less affected when both bacteria and phages had joint
migration. Our results demonstrate intraspecific apparent competition
mediated by enemies with which prosperity in core habitats can
exacerbate hardship in edge habitats.
Por uma educação antirracista
Authors: Oliveira Beatriz , Da Silva Andrade Suelen , Herrera Contreras Humberto Silvano
Published: April 2022

O racismo é um fato contundente no Brasil que ocorre de maneira estrutural afetando inclusive o ambiente educacional, sendo dever de todos combatê-lo. A pesquisa apresenta uma reflexão sobre como combater o racismo no ambiente escolar por meio da implementação de um currículo crítico na perspectiva da interculturalidade. A pesquisa é de natureza qualitativa, de alcance exploratória e apoia-se em estudos bibliográficos e documentais. O primeiro capítulo explicita o racismo e suas vertentes. O segundo capítulo descreve as políticas públicas no âmbito da educação bem como as normas e diretrizes relacionadas à questão. O terceiro discorre sobre a implementação de um currículo crítico na perspectiva da interculturalidade além dos pontos necessários para a efetivação de uma educação antirracista. O estudo aponta a necessidade da formação inicial e continuada de docentes atentar-se a esta problemática. Por fim, infere a indispensabilidade da concretização da Lei nº 10.639/03 no ambiente escolar e da responsabilidade do poder público para tal.

Palavras-chave: Interculturalidade. Currículo. Educação antirracista.
Educação de Santa Cruz e o pensamento de Paulo Freire em diálogo
Authors: Savioli Marcia Regina , Da Silva Pereira Edson
Published: April 2022

O presente artigo apresenta elementos favorecedores de uma interlocução entre uma proposta educativa em desenvolvimento em escolas católicas mantidas pela Congregação de Santa Cruz no Brasil e aspectos do pensamento de Paulo Freire. Para isso, sublinhamos os principais fundamentos das concepções educacionais e os perfis propostos para o educador e educando. Os elementos relacionados à proposta da Congregação de Santa Cruz foram destacados a partir da análise de Educação de Santa Cruz em Movimento, publicação interna de 2019, intencionada a oferecer, aos educadores que atuam em escolas e projetos sociais, diretrizes orientadoras de sua prática cotidiana. O documento constitui-se em marco referencial da proposta educativa de Santa Cruz, devendo iluminar os desdobramentos fundantes dos Projetos Pedagógico- Pastorais em ação nas unidades. De outro lado, os elementos complementares da interlocução que se objetivou realizar foram extraídos de obras significativas do pensamento freireano, com relevo para Pedagogia da Autonomia: Saberes Necessários à Prática Educativa (2018). Acredita-se que o estudo trouxe condições valorosas para atualização de propostas educativas que encontram raízes em ideias e proposições de educadores que, ainda que distanciados na história e nos contextos sociais em que viveram, aproximam-se nos objetivos que, centralmente, se dirigem à formação integral do ser humano, condição essencial para qualificar sua atuação cidadã consciente e responsável.
Espiritualidade e o cuidado do(a) educador(a)
Authors: Pereira Duarte Lucas Henrique , Furtado da Silva Rafael , Gregol Gwiazdecki Jean Marcos
Published: April 2022

O presente artigo tem por objetivo refletir a espiritualidade e o cuidado dos educadores e das educadoras, principalmente neste período de pandemia da COVID-19, que revelou a fragilidade humana, a desigualdade social e necessidade do cuidado de si, do outro e da natureza. Para tanto, busca colaborar, de forma teórica e prática, com o conhecimento e a vivência da espiritualidade e do cuidado no âmbito escolar. A partir do método ver, julgar e agir, contextualiza-se e demonstra o descuido com a vida; define os termos espiritualidade e cuidado; e apresenta o cultivo da Espiritualidade e do cuidado de quem educa por intermédio de um relato de experiência. Usamos como metodologia a pesquisa bibliográfica com um aporte reflexivo e crítico baseado no pensamento de Casaldáliga (1993); Boff (2013, 2014, 2020); Freire (1993, 2016); Noddings (2003); Mortari (2018); Santos, 2020; e Villas Boas (2017). Desse modo, é evidente que não é possível trabalhar tais conceitos separados, visto que estão na constituição humana e vinculados na construção de uma sociedade fundamentada na responsabilidade e no cuidado com o ser humano, os outros seres vivos e os não vivos.
Educação católica e processos dialógicos
Authors: Lahm Vieira Camila Roberta , Naibo Deisi Daniana , Kuhn Neusa Berlitz
Published: April 2022

Este artigo discute o processo prático-reflexivo desenvolvido a partir da construção e implementação da Base Curricular Notre Dame (BCND) junto às escolas da Rede Notre Dame de Educação. Gestada por todos os educadores da Rede Notre Dame, a BCND compreende um ideário que nasceu da experiência de Deus que é Amor, fundamentando-se no legado educativo de Santa Júlia Billiart, Bernard Overberg e Irmã Maria Aloysia. Por meio da apreciação desses referenciais, articulados à necessidade de repensar o currículo e os caminhos trilhados para sua efetivação, esta narrativa apresentará as múltiplas vozes que constituíram a composição da BCND e que orquestram no fazer de seu dia a dia as possibilidades para que esses preceitos saíssem do papel e florescessem nos espaços escolares da Rede Notre Dame. A partir da experiência de construção coletiva da estrutura curricular e de todo o delineamento que esse processo abarca para sua efetivação na prática, tem-se como principal achado a ratificação do quanto a conversação e a interação dialógica promovem transformações significativas. A tendência dialógica que se fez presente na elaboração do documento norteador das práticas pedagógicas na Rede Notre Dame de Educação pode ser constatada também em todo o processo vivido para implantação e aprimoramento da atuação educativa em todas as instâncias e dimensões envolvidas.
Importancia de la sospecha clínica del sindrome de psoas maligno en cuidados paliativos domiciliarios
Authors: Tierra-Rodríguez Ana Maria , Astorgano-De la Puente Carmen , Menéndez-Colunga Mª Jesús
Published: April 2022

El síndrome del psoas maligno (SPM) es una entidad rara, de origen tumoral, que cursa con dolor severo al flexionar la cadera debido a la afectación metastásica del músculo psoas mayor. No existe un tratamiento específico eficaz, siendo su progresión rápidamente invalidante, lo cual dificulta el diagnóstico y ensombrece la calidad de vida y pronóstico de los enfermos.
Assessing migration strategies and cause specific mortality of adult female White-tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in North Dakota, USA
Authors: Schaffer Brian , Jenks Jonathan , Jensen William , Michel Eric
Published: April 2022

Life-history characteristics of White-tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) have been documented in areas of the Northern Great Plains, but limited information is available in grassland dominated regions. We documented migration strategy, home range use, and survival of adult female White-tailed Deer in central North Dakota. We monitored 62 radio-collared adult (>1.5 year-old) female White-tailed Deer from February 2010 to December 2012. We documented 86 summer home ranges and classified deer as resident, migratory, or exhibiting a late season movement. Mean migration distance between non-overlapping summer and winter home ranges was 11.76 km (SE 0.86, n = 21). Mean late season movements were 20.69 km (SE 2.94, n = 7) and were likely the result of deer exhausting food resources throughout winter. We also developed five competing models that represented variation in survival among time periods (e.g., pre-hunt, hunt, and post-hunt in 2010 and 2011). Our top model indicated that survival (S) was similar between hunt 2010 and post-hunt 2011 periods but was lower (S = 0.82; SE 0.04, 95% CI 0.73–0.89) than the remaining time periods (S = 0.97; SE 0.01, 95% CI 0.93–0.99). Our results suggest that deer migration strategies and survival are likely influenced by a combination of winter severity and food availability. Mortalities attributed to hunter harvest were low during our study, which may indicate that increased recreational opportunities could be made available, even after severe winters.
The Problem of a Beginning: Israel's Scriptures in Luke 1–2
Authors: GREEN JOEL B.
Published: April 2022

A narratological study of Luke 1–2, focusing above all on an examination of the plethora of echoes of the Abrahamic story of Genesis, leads to the conclusion that the "beginning" of Luke-Acts can be located only in God's purpose as articulated in the Scriptures of Israel; at this point at least, the framework with which Luke is working is not "promise-fulfillment," but rather a self-conscious continuation of the redemptive story.
A Brief Note on "Hellenistic Formal Receptions and Paul's Use of AΠANTHΣIΣ in 1 Thessalonians 4:17"
Authors: GUNDRY ROBERT H.
Published: April 2022

This brief essay responds to an earlier essay by Michael R. Cosby (BBR 4 [1994] 15–34) which has created some confusion with respect to the meaning of ἀπάντησις in Thess 4:17. The parallels between Paul's description of the Parousia of Jesus in 1 Thess 4:15–17 and those of Hellenistic formal receptions are closer than Cosby allows. It is probable that Paul's use of ἀπάντησις does indeed reflect such Hellenistic customs and traditions.
The Integrity of the Biblical Canon in Light of Its Historical Development
Authors: MCDONALD LEE MARTIN
Published: April 2022

The following essay argues that the final fixing of the Hebrew Scriptures and the Christian biblical canon did not emerge until the middle to the late fourth century, even though the long process that led to the canonization of the Hebrew scriptures began in the sixth or fifth century BCE and of the New Testament scriptures in the second century CE. Pivotal in the arguments for an early dating of the Hebrew Scriptures is the lack of unequivocal evidence for the fixation of the Old Testament canon in the time before Christ but also the emergence of canonical lists of scriptures only in the fourth century CE. It is also argued that the Muratorian Fragment originated in the middle of late fourth century CE. The paper concludes with a discussion of viability of the traditional criteria of canonicity and whether these criteria should be reapplied to the biblical literature in light of more recent conclusions about authorship, date, theological emphasis, and widespread appeal in antiquity.
The Eschatology of the Epistle of Jude and Its Rhetorical and Social Functions
Authors: WEBB ROBERT L.
Published: April 2022

Jude's eschatology is oriented around the twin poles of eschatological salvation and judgment with the latter being more prominent. Judgment in Jude includes not only past and future judgment but present judgment as well. Allusions to past judgment highlight the punishment aspect of the judicial process while references to future and present judgment highlight laying charges and producing a guilty verdict. The rhetorical function of Jude's eschatology is: (1) to convince his readers also to engage in judgment: to pronounce the intruders guilty of ungodliness, and (2) to reassure his readers that they themselves will not be judged but instead are being guarded by God. The social function of Jude's eschatology is to bring about a separation between the original community and the intruders. These two functions address both the external threat of the intruders themselves and the internal threat of their negative impact on the readers' ethics, theology, and unity.
The Metonymical Curse as Propaganda in the Book of Jeremiah
Authors: ANDERSON JEFF S.
Published: April 2022

In eight prose texts in Jeremiah, the curse serves a polemical function that justifies the existence of one particular socioreligious community (the Babylonian exiles), while marginalizing others (the remnant in Judah, Judeans who fled to Egypt, and foreign nations). This curse is not used as an invocation of misfortune but has a metonymical sense which describes the embodiment of that misfortune. Although specific curse terminology and order vary, the phrase "you will be a reproach, a byword, a taunt, and a curse" is directed against these three rivals to the Babylonian community and foreshadows the heterogenous constitution of the Judean communities in the Exilic, Postexilic, and Second Temple Periods.
The Motif of Deafness and Blindness in Isaiah 6:9–10: A Contextual, Literary, and Theological Analysis
Authors: ROBINSON GEOFFREY D.
Published: April 2022

Isa 6:9–10 is examined in its local (Isaiah 6) and broader (Isaiah 1–12) contexts, as well as in relation to the rest of the book and (briefly) extra-Isaianic passages of Scripture. Following a literary analysis in form, redactional, and rhetorical-critical terms, theological argumentation is developed consistent with the thesis of the paper. It is argued that the motif of deafness and blindness is a metaphor for a spiritual condition that (1) is brought on by the people themselves, (2) comprises a judgment from God, and (3) will ultimately be rectified by God himself "in that day" of salvation.
Cross-Gender Imagery in the Bible
Authors: WOLTERS AL
Published: April 2022

An examination of the phenomenon of cross-gender imagery in the Bible reveals that gendered imagery does not affect gender designation. Thus a masculine person is grammatically always identified (or "designated") as masculine, even when feminine imagery is used to describe him. This rule is true of both OT and NT and of both human and divine persons. Feminine imagery for God may reflect the rhetoric of kingship in the ancient Near East, in which kings are compared to mothers.
Did the Glory of Moses' Face Fade? A Reexamination of καρταργέω in 2 Corinthians 3:7–18
Authors: BAKER WILLIAM R.
Published: April 2022

The translation of καταργέω as "fade" in 2 Cor 3:7–18 has little justification outside biblical literature or within it. Most scholars have abandoned this translation as inaccurrate. Yet, it persists in modern Bible versions. Examination of the lexical evidence finds no support for this translation nor does reexamination of the Exod 34:19–24 context that the word is intended to describe. Moses' face does not diminish in its glory; it is merely blocked or "rendered ineffective" by the mask. Finally, examination of 2 Cor 3:7–18 reveals that a translation of "hinder" or "block" best accounts for Paul's understanding of the Exodus situation within his own purposes. Further, it is suggested that the use of τέλος by Paul in 2 Cor 3:13 may be connected to his use of τέλειος in 1 Cor 13:8–12.
Joseph and the Birth of Isaac in Matthew 1
Authors: ERICKSON RICHARD J.
Published: April 2022

The Matthean genealogy of Jesus (1:1–17) unambiguously presents Jesus—with equal emphasis—as Son of Abraham and Son of David, and of course as Messiah. The messianic Son-of-David theme is carried out explicitly in the accompanying pericope devoted to both the annunciation to Joseph and the birth of Jesus (1:18–25), but the Son-of-Abraham motif puzzlingly vanishes from view there. The cumulative weight, however, of an array of intertextual allusions to the OT story of Abraham, culminating in a direct quotation of Gen 17:19, constitutes in 1:18–25 an implicit appeal to the theme of the birth of Isaac and to the way in which the blessing of Abraham is to come to the nations of the world. Matthew of course immediately capitalizes on this theme in chap. 2 with the visit of the Magi, as well as in numerous other ways throughout the Gospel. But the implied reader sees it already expressed in chap. 1, emphasized there all the more, precisely because it is conveyed implicitly.
Jesus and the Use of Greek: A Response to Maurice Casey
Authors: PORTER STANLEY E.
Published: April 2022

My recent proposal that Greek may well have been one of the languages of Jesus has struck at least one scholar as being a position difficult to defend. In responding to arguments against my position, I restate the gist of my argument, as well as cite relevant evidence, that Jesus not only spoke Aramaic, but also spoke and perhaps even taught in Greek. This position finds support in both recent discussion of the linguistic milieu of Palestine and the conclusions of other researchers on this topic.
Mark's "Provocative Use" of Scripture in Narration: "He Was with the Wild Animals and Angels Ministered to Him"
Authors: CANEDAY A. B.
Published: April 2022

The style of Mark's Gospel is to use the Hebrew Bible in a cryptic, enigmatic, and allusive manner that provokes the reader's imagination to uncover intertextual connections with those scriptures. It is a style that effectively draws the reader into Mark's narrative, but it also brings one to recognize that Mark has skillfully woven into his narrative many allusive words and phrases that subtly link the Jesus of his story with the Coming One of the Hebrew Bible. In particular, Mark's description of Jesus in the wilderness ("he was with the wild animals and angels ministered to him," 1:13) provokes the reader's imagination to discover that there is a strong verbal collocation of "the way," "the wilderness," and "the wild beasts" which focuses upon Isa 35:8–10 (in contrast to the study by R. Bauckham, who focuses upon Isa 11:6–9). Yet, the Isaiah text functions as a prism through which Ps 91:9–13 refracts. This psalm seems to be the principal text that informs Mark's narrative concerning Jesus' being with the wild animals while angels tended to him. It is significant that both of the other Synoptic Gospels explicitly bring Psalm 91 to the foreground in their temptation narratives (see Matt 4:6ff.; Luke 4:9ff.).
Did Qumran Expect Two Messiahs?
Authors: HURST L. D.
Published: April 2022

It has long been held that the Qumran community expected not one but two Messiahs. This assumption has often been accompanied by the act of translating the Hebrew term māšîaḥ in Qumran literature as "Messiah" (with or without the capital "m") rather than as "anointed." The Qumran texts themselves do not necessarily support this viewpoint. A careful examination of the most important literature reveals that the multiple messiahship of Qumran is a creation of modern scholars, not a fact required by the texts themselves.
What Was John the Baptist Doing?
Authors: BROWN COLIN
Published: April 2022

The activity of John the Baptist continues to be a focus of lively, revisionary discussion. Some scholars have questioned the Synoptic accounts of the Jordan as a locale for mass purificatory rites on grounds of practicality, and have sought to identify places named in the Fourth Gospel with sites in Samaria and springs east of the Jordan as more suitable locations. Others have wondered whether the accounts of John's activity have any precedents at all in Jewish purificatory rites. This paper acknowledges difficulties in making the accounts of John's baptism in the Jordan fit the profile of traditional purificatory rites. At the same time it draws attention to problems in trying to assimilate John's baptism to such rites. A counter-proposal is offered which suggests that the key to understanding John's baptism lies in seeing the Jordan as the boundary and point of entry into the land promised by Yahweh to Israel. John was calling for a morally purified Israel that was fit to dwell in the holy land. In emulation of the original entry depicted in the Book of Joshua, John's baptism called on Israelites to exit the land, and return across the Jordan under the leadership of John in order to repossess the land as a consecrated people. The crossing of the Jordan holds the key to what John was doing.
Prolegomena to Paul's Use of Scripture in Romans
Authors: LONGENECKER RICHARD N.
Published: April 2022

Paul's use of Scripture in his epistle to the Roman Christians raises many questions: Why does he appeal to Scripture so frequently in this letter? How is the distribution of quotations to be understood? Why did Paul appeal to Scripture at all, since most of his readers were Gentiles? How are we to understand Paul's diverse exegetical methods? There are other questions that suggest themselves. This paper attempts to answer all of these questions by carefully considering the recipients' background and experience, the nature of Paul's argument in Romans and in his other extant writings, and Paul's understanding of the gospel, especially as it impinges on Israel.
Moving from Scripture to Doctrine
Authors: MARTENS ELMER A.
Published: April 2022

The topic invites inquiry. How do we of the church, once the Bible has been exegeted, proceed to formulate doctrine? To answer that question I propose first to do a brief historical sweep, from which I will draw several pertinent observations. A theoretical discussion will follow that explores the thesis of the paper, namely, that we move from Scripture to doctrine via biblical theology. Lest we get lost in the cyberspace of the theoretical, I include two case studies, one dealing with atonement and a second with divorce. Finally, the preacher within me says we must end with a challenge, specifically some exhortations.
Children of Sarah: Interpreting 1 Peter 3:6b
Authors: FORBES GREG
Published: April 2022

Any translation of 1 Pet 3:6b that treats the expression ἀγαθοποιοῦσαι καὶ μὴ φοβούμεναι μηδεμίαν πτόησιν in a conditional sense, either directly or indirectly, cannot be sustained. The use of participles as imperatives elsewhere in the Household Code and the theology of 1 Peter more generally indicate that "doing good and not being terrified" are behavioral characteristics that the author wants to see in the readers as a result of their elect status.
Prophets, Parables, and Theologians
Authors: SNODGRASS KLYNE
Published: April 2022

This article addresses three questions concerning parables: Why did Jesus teach in parables? What classification of parables should be used? And how should theology be done from the parables? Parables were used effectively by the OT prophets, and Jesus used parables because he came as a prophet with a prophet's agenda. Søren Kierkegaard's discussion of indirect communication provides a basis for a more effective classification system than Adolf Jülicher's fourfold system. The prophetic use of parables and the classification system provide a basis for thinking about how theology is done from the parables.
The Metaphoric Use of Slave Terms in the Hebrew Bible
Authors: BRIDGE EDWARD J.
Published: April 2022

An analysis of metaphoric uses of slavery terms in the Hebrew Bible reveals a culture of hierarchical relationships based on power and status. Associations from slavery that are evoked in these uses are possession (with the derived association, control), inferior status, work, debt/poverty, oppression, and propensity to run away. Of six major categories of metaphoric use (subjects and officials to the king, vassalship, personal servants, people in relation to God, deference), inferior status is the association that is evoked in all contexts.
Scripture as a Spiritual Phenomenon: The Evidence of the 11Q "Psalms Scroll" Colophon
Authors: YARCHIN WILLIAM
Published: April 2022

According to the colophon to the 1st-century Cave 11 Psalms Scroll, the psalmist David was a composing scribe endowed by the divine spirit. In the light of a pattern of legitimation by the divine spirit for social power well attested in the HB, we can discern how the colophon attributes divine efficacy for social power—hitherto exercised only through persons—to David's psalms as they resound in Israel's calendric communal cultic observances. The 11Q Psalms Scroll colophon provides early evidence for an enduring understanding of Scripture as a socially potent spiritual phenomenon that shapes the life of a religious community.
Matthew and Psalms of Solomon's Messianism: A Comparative Study in First-Century Messianology
Authors: WILLITTS JOEL
Published: April 2022

The idea that Matthew's messianism is significantly different from the one found in Pss. Sol. 17 is commonplace. Most often, one will find it stated in almost an axiomatic fashion with a waving of the hand toward the militaristic perspective of Psalms of Solomon as sufficient evidence to make the point. While there can be no doubt that Matthew's messianism evinces differences from that of Psalms of Solomon's, such an overly simplistic assessment appreciates neither the number and depth of similarities of perspective between the two messianologies nor their implications. This article will show that Matthew's messianism stands in close affinity with much in the other expressly Davidic conception of messianism in first-century Judaism, namely, Psalms of Solomon, although representing a new, creative moment in the reception history of biblical expectations related to the Messiah.
Toward a Theory of the Poetry of the Hebrew Bible: The Poetry of the Psalms as a Test Case
Authors: Weber Beat
Published: April 2022

This article is intended to be an exegetically useful foundation for a theory of Biblical Hebrew (lyrical) poetry, with the center of gravity in the psalms. I take up the research on poetry of pioneer linguists and literary theorists Bühler-Jakobson and Lotman and its application to Biblical Hebrew poetry by, among others, Alter, Berlin, and Nel. I describe "repetition" (or recurrence) as the basic phenomenon. It subsumes not only parallelismus membrorum but also other forms of poetic and structural equivalence. This characteristic feature of biblical poetry establishes a multidimensional network of intra- and extratextual connections that produces a compaction and polysemy not found in the same density and complexity in other literary genres. Important insights are exemplified by three psalms that I have selected for their appropriateness (Pss 3, 13, and 130). The purpose is to elucidate the theory and make it useful for the exegesis of lyrical biblical texts.
The Bible as Specimen, Talisman, and Dragoman in Africa: A Look at Some African Uses of the Psalms and 1 Corinthians 12–14
Authors: LeMarquand Grant
Published: April 2022

The growth of Christian churches in Africa has given rise to diverse interpretations and uses of the Bible. This article examines three uses of the Bible in Africa: as a source of historical information ("specimen"), as a religious or magical object ("talisman"), and as a source of guidance for life ("dragoman"). It employs interpretations of the book of Psalms and of 1 Cor 12–14 to exemplify this brief taxonomy. While challenging the apparent hegemony of Western methodologies in the guild, it also raises points of concern about some African uses of Scripture.
The Missio Dei as an Integrative Motif in the Book of Jeremiah
Authors: HWANG JERRY
Published: April 2022

The theme of missio Dei in the book of Jeremiah has been overlooked in mission studies and OT scholarship even though Jeremiah is uniquely commissioned as a "prophet to the nations" (Jer 1:5). The missio Dei imparts literary and theological coherence to a sprawling book as a unifying link among the significant themes of Jeremiah's prophecy: personal suffering in the prophetic task, a catalytic divine word that judges and saves God's people, theodicy in the face of impending exile, and the final restoration of both Israel and the nations.
The Semantics of יצא in Exodus 21:22: Reassessing the Variables That Determine Meaning
Authors: MAKUJINA JOHN
Published: April 2022

Most expositors have understood ויצאו ילדיה, "and her children come out," in Exod 21:22, as a reference to miscarriage, while a much smaller percentage argue for a viable premature birth. This essay examines the semantics of יצא afresh and offers a set of parameters and conditions necessary for each perspective on the meaning of יצא to succeed. Although taking exception with arguments from both sides, I, nevertheless, favor the premature birth position. This is because the Pentateuch betrays a proclivity for using יצא in vivid nativity scenes, where accompanying modifiers apply to the child and contribute to a detailed description of its delivery. If Exod 21:22 is included within this set, then "there is no harm" would serve as the modifier that specifies the condition of the child at birth. Moreover, the common judgment that the ancient Israelite would not expect an infant to survive under such conditions is undermined by high-risk but successful births in the Pentateuch and the OT. Secondary philological matters are then discussed, after which I conclude that the premature birth position has greater potential for realization than previously estimated and merits more serious consideration by OT scholarship.
Persecution and the Purpose of Revelation with Reference to Roman Jurisprudence
Authors: BANDY ALAN S.
Published: April 2022

The idea that persecution against Christians in Asia Minor is background for the book of Revelation is commonly questioned in current scholarship. There is simply not any compelling evidence to support an official imperial persecution at the time of composition. As a result, one popular view is to interpret the references to persecution in rhetorical terms to create a sense of perceived persecution. This view maintains that there was no real persecution or that John may have exaggerated the feelings of persecution to emphasize his message. However, it is possible that Christians in Asia Minor experienced some form of a threat of persecution. The particular avenue for persecution came in the form of jurisprudence. This scenario is one in which tensions with opponents could have escalated to the point where the Christians may have been denounced before provincial magistrates. If placed on trial, Christians likely would have received an unfavorable outcome because as a group they lacked legal protection and had a tendency for the exclusive worship of Christ. The threat of standing trial for some aspect related to Christian faith and practice, set against the backdrop of the imperial cult, created type of crisis for believers in certain communities. John presented his vision of God's ultimate justice and vindication as a means to promote fidelity to Christ even if it entails suffering temporary injustice.
Influence of Incorporating Zirconium- and Barium-based Radiopaque Filler Into Experimental and Commercial Infiltrants
Authors: Pedreira PR , Damasceno JE , Mathias C , Sinhoreti MAC , Aguiar FHB , Marchi GM
Published: April 2022

Objectives:

To evaluate how adding different concentrations of particles (barium or zirconium oxide 25%/45% by weight) to a commercial infiltrant (Icon) and an experimental infiltrant influences cohesive strength (CS), degree of conversion (DC), water sorption (WS), solubility (SL), radiopacity, and penetration depth.

Methods and Materials:

Microtensile CS (n=10) was evaluated using a universal testing machine. DC (n=5) was evaluated in a Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer. Polymerized samples were dissected, weighed, and stored to obtain the final mass for WS and SL tests (n=10). Radiopacity analysis (n=5) was performed using a digital radiography system. Penetration depth analysis (n=5) was performed by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Analyses were performed using the R program, with a significance level of 5%, except for the penetration depth analyses, which were evaluated only qualitatively.

Results:

The groups with 45% zirconium showed greater CS values, regardless of the infiltrant. Among the groups with no particle addition, those of the experimental infiltrant presented higher DC than those of Icon. The experimental infiltrant presented lower WS than Icon. All groups had SL below the ISO recommended levels. Radiopacity higher than 2.24 mmAl (enamel radiopacity) was observed only in the groups with 45% zirconium. All the groups achieved similar penetration depth, but the groups containing experimental infiltrant appear to have had longer tag extensions.

Conclusions:

Addition of 45% of zirconium presented good results for CS and WS, as well as SL below the ISO recommended standard, adequate radiopacity, and penetration depth similar to the other groups.
A more accurate approach to define abortion cohorts using linked administrative data: an application to Ontario, Canada
Authors: Schummers Laura , McGrail Kimberlyn , Darling Elizabeth K , Dunn Sheila , Gayowsky Anastasia , Kaczorowski Janusz , Norman Wendy V.
Published: April 2022

BackgroundThe shifting landscape of abortion care from a hospital-only to a distributed service including primary care has implications for how to identify abortion cohorts for research and surveillance. The objectives of this study were to 1) create an improved approach to define abortion cohorts using linked administrative data sets and 2) evaluate the performance of this approach for abortion surveillance compared with standard approaches.
MethodsWe applied four principles to identify induced abortion cohorts when some services are delivered beyond hospital settings; 1) exclude early pregnancy losses and postpartum procedures; 2) use multiple data sources; 3) define episodes of care; 4) apply a hierarchical algorithm to determine abortion date to a population-based cohort of all abortion events in Ontario (Canada) from January 1, 2018-March 15, 2020. We calculated risk differences (RD, with 95% confidence intervals) comparing the proportion of medication vs. surgical, first vs. second trimester, and complication incidence applying these principles vs. standard approaches.
ResultsHospital-only data (versus multiple data sources) underestimated the frequency of medication abortion (16.1% vs. 31.4%; RD -15.3% [-14.3, -16.3]) and first-trimester abortion (82.1% vs. 94.5%; RD -12.8 [-11.4, 13.4]) and overestimated incidence of abortion complication (2.9% vs. 0.69%; RD 2.2% [1.8, 2.7]). An unlinked (versus linked) approach underestimated the frequency of abortion complications (0.19% vs 0.69%, -RD 0.50% [-0.44 - -0.56]). Including (versus excluding) abortions following early pregnancy loss or delivery events increased the estimated incidence of abortion complications (1.29% vs. 0.69%, RD 0.60% [0.51-0.69].
ConclusionNew methods are required to accurately identify abortion cohorts for surveillance or research. When legal or regulatory approaches to medication abortion evolve to enable abortion in primary care or office-based settings, hospital-based surveillance systems will become incomplete and biased; to continue valid and complete abortion surveillance, methods must be adjusted to ensure complete capture of procedures across all settings.
Non-parametric Stability Analysis in Durum Wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) Genotypes Growing under Semi-arid Conditions
Authors:   National Agronomic Research Institute of Algeria (INRAA), Setif Research Unit (190 00), Algeria, Guendouz Ali , Boucherb Radia ,   Laboratory of Development and Valorization of Plant Genetic Resources Constantine university (250 00), Algeria
Published: April 2022

Field experiments were carried out in National Institute of Agronomic Research of Algeria INRAA- station of Setif, Algeria where grain yield of 10 durum wheat genotypes tested during 4 cropping seasons from 2009 to 2013 and sowing in the same period in December .The objectives were to determine stable genotypes based on non-parametric stability indices. The results of the Thennarasu (NP) as following: Si(1) (varied from 2 to 5), Si(2) (varied from 3 to 17), Si(3) (varied from 1.2 to 9.27) and Si(6) (varied from 0.67 to 2.55) based on these methods the genotype Mexicali75 is considered to be most stable and had highest grain yield. Based on NP1, NP3 and NP4 the genotype Mexicali75 is considered to be most stable and had highest grain yield, the genotype Hoggar had low values for the index NP2 we can considered more stable but with moderate grain yield. In addition, the results of the methods of Huehn demonstrate that the genotype Mexicali75 with the lowest values was identified as desirable. The results of Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients between mean yield and the non-parametric stability statistics are shown in Table 4. The mean grain yield as well as negatively and significantly correlated with NP2, NP3 and NP4 and insignificant negative correlation with NP1. In conclusion, according to results of these different non-parametric stability measurements, genotype Mexicali75 is recommended for commercial release as a favorable durum wheat genotype for the semi-arid condition.
Evaluation of Bio-rational Insecticides and Bio-pesticides Against Pod Borer Complex in Pigeon Pea
Authors:   Dept. of Agricultural Entomology, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal (741 252), India, Das Bilash Chandra , Patra Sandip ,   ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam, Meghalaya (793 103), India, Samanta A. ,   Dept. of Agricultural Entomology, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal (741 252), India, Dhar P. P. ,   Dept. of Agricultural Entomology, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal (741 252), India
Published: April 2022

The field experiments were conducted at Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Kalyani, West Bengal, India during kharif seasons (July–October) of 2013 and 2014 to evaluate the efficacy of different bio-rational pesticides against the major production constrains of the pigeon pea which is the pod borer complex. The experiments were laid out following randomized block design comprising eleven treatments including control with three replications. Treatments were applied twice with pneumatic knapsack at fifteen days interval starting with initiation of target pest at pod formation stage. Pre-treatment counts of larvae of different lepidopteran borers had been taken from arbitrarily selected five tagged plants from every replication discarding the border effect and subsequently post treatment counts have been taken at 3, 7 and 14 days after each spray. Number of maggots per pod had been recorded for pod fly infestation at before spray and after spray at 7 and 14 days after each spray. Pooled of two years results revealed that flubendiamide recorded lowest mean larval population of Helicoverpa armigera (0.98 larvae plant-1) and Maruca vitrata (0.65 larvae plant-1) with highest seed yield.Among the bio-pesticides, Bacillus thuringiensis and azadirachtinfound to beeffective against pod borer complex in pigeon pea. Pooled of two seasons data showed that fenvalerate, spinosad and flubendiamide were effective treatments against pod fly with 1.13, 1.63 and 1.75 maggots pod-1 respectively.
Impact of Front Line Demonstration on Integrated Management of Brinjal Shoot and Fruit Borer (Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee) in Nagarkurnool District, Telangana state
Authors:   Krishi Vigyan Kendra Palem, Nagarkurnool Dist., PJTSAU, Telangana State (509 215), India, Shankar Adhi , Reddy T. Prabhakar ,   Krishi Vigyan Kendra Palem, Nagarkurnool Dist., PJTSAU, Telangana State (509 215), India, Reddy M. Jagan Mohan ,   Extension Education Institute, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad (500 030), India, Jhan Afifa ,   Krishi Vigyan Kendra Palem, Nagarkurnool Dist., PJTSAU, Telangana State (509 215), India, Rajashekhar M. ,   Krishi Vigyan Kendra Palem, Nagarkurnool Dist., PJTSAU, Telangana State (509 215), India, Rajashekhar B. ,   Krishi Vigyan Kendra Palem, Nagarkurnool Dist., PJTSAU, Telangana State (509 215), India, Ramakrishna K. ,   Krishi Vigyan Kendra Palem, Nagarkurnool Dist., PJTSAU, Telangana State (509 215), India, Bhatt P. Spandana ,   Rice research station, PJTSAU, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad (500 030), India
Published: April 2022

The front line demonstrations were organised in 30 farmers fields during 2017–2020 in Nagarkurnool district. The IPM strategy included clipping and disposal of infested shoots, removal of fruits with boreholes, installation of pheromone traps @ 25 ha-1, spraying of Bacillus thurinjiensis @ 1 g l-1 and Emamectin benzoate 5% SG @ 0.4 g l-1. The mean of the parameters in 30 demonstrations during three years (pooled) revealed that shoot and fruit borer damage at a vegetative phase as shoot damage was 18.29% in demo field and 29.92% in farmers practice. Fruit damage was recorded low 23.02% in the demo field while in farmer’s practice it was 47.37%. Higher marketable fruit yield was recorded 274 q ha-1 in demo field and 17.6% yield increased over farmers practice (233 q ha-1) with benefit Cost Ratio of 2.97:1 and 2.11:1, respectively. Besides this, number of pesticide sprayings reduced significantly in the demo field (5.2 times) when compared to farmers practice (13.13 times). It is also observed that higher gross returns (` 264700 ha-1) and net returns (` 201806 ha-1) were recorded in the demo field than farmer’s practice (` 264700 and ` 131496, respectively). The technology gap and extension gap enumerated from this study ranged 252-367.5q ha-1 and 28.5-63.81 q ha-1 respectively with the technology index of 54% during demonstration years. The results clearly showed that the positive impact of front-line demonstrations over farmer’s practice towards increasing the productivity and reduce the cost of cultivation of Brinjal in Nagarkurnool dist. of Telangana State.
Multivariate Biplot Analysis for the Diversity in Bread Wheat Genotypes (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors:   Dept. of Genetics and Plant Breeding, C. C. S. Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana (125 004), India, - Antim , Singh Vikram ,   Dept. of Genetics and Plant Breeding, C. C. S. Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana (125 004), India, Poonia M. S. ,   Dept. of Genetics and Plant Breeding, C. C. S. Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana (125 004), India, Verma Ajay ,   ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, Haryana (132 001), India, - Ashish ,   Dept. of Genetics and Plant Breeding, C. C. S. Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana (125 004), India, Tyagi B. S. ,   ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, Haryana (132 001), India
Published: April 2022

A field study was conducted during (November–April, 2017–2018) at CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana, Indiaxxx to evaluate wheat genotypes for diversity analysis by multivariate and biplot analysis.xxx The morphological and agronomic attributes of wheat have been evaluated to measure genetic variation and their close relatives. Diversity analysis of bread wheat genotypes was deciphered by fifteen morphological traits utilizing multivariate hierarchical clustering technique and biplot analysis. Multivariate analyses have been applied to measure the diversity in wheat accessions and to evaluate the relative contributions of morphological traits to the total variability in a collection. Recent analyses enable accessions to be classified into clusters as per their similarity indexes. Good amount of variability had been observed for most of the traits. Maximum range was observed for flag leaf area and plant height. The positive correlation of the grain yield with various traits ensured indirect selection for yield can be done by selecting those characters. Significant positive correlation of grain yield exhibited with number of grains spike-1, thousands grain weight and plant height. Multivariate Hierarchical clustering technique by Ward’s method expressed three clusters with 20.4, 20.5 and 59.1% of total genotypes. The first principal component accounted for 29.4% with major traits number of tillers plant-1, flag leaf area, biological yield plant-1, grain yield plant-1, weight of grain ear-1, flag leaf length. The contribution of second was 15.7% with major six traits number of grains ear-1, ear weight, weight of grain ear-1, number of spikelet ear-1, grain yield plant-1 and number of tillers plant-1.