bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Learning practice of a breaking bad news exercise by nursing student
Authors: Erawati Erna
Published: January 2018

Learning practice of a breaking bad news exercise among nursing student presents a challenge. The aim of this study  was to explored the nursing students to see the repeated their experience in giving nursing care on the patient and family. Analysis of nursing student learning practice may lead to improve their competency in breaking bad news. A purposive sampling with homogeneity category of 18 nursing students complete their experience through short writing during their learning practice in nursing diploma education. The qualitative data was explored by thematic content analysis method using NVivo. Three main learning practice themes were identified from the data of the nursing students through a reflecting emotions. The following themes emerged: preparation, communication and support. These themes reflected how learning practice of the nursing students when they applied breaking bad news exercise. Knowing the exercise is very important for successful a breaking bad news for nursing student.   Keywords: Learning practice; breaking bad news; nursing students; qualitative study.
Attitudes towards violence scale in adults: A study of validity and reliability
Authors: Gur Emel
Published: January 2018

The aim of this study was to test the validity and reliability of the "Adolescentsâ€™ Attitudesâ€™ Towards Violence Scale" for adults. The study group consisted of 321 adults over 18 years of age. It was used to â€œAdolescentsâ€™ Attitudesâ€™ Towards Violence Scaleâ€ which was 10 items on one dimension by developed Ã‡etin (2011) for data gathering. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was conducted to examine the construct validity and Cronbach alpha reliability coefficients were calculated to determine reliability of As a result of the CFA, the 10 items on one-dimensional structure was not confirmed in adults. It was evaluated items of attitudes towards violence according to theoretical and CFA results and was organized adultsâ€™ attitudes towards violence as two dimensions. It was established 7 items on two-dimensional structure for adults. It was determined good fit in accordance with the goodness of fit indexes. They were sufficient for the scale (X2/sd = 2.44, RMSEA=0.067, GFI=0.97, CFI=0.98). The Cronbach alpha reliability coefficients of the scale was calculated as .80.It is important to determine the attitudes of individualsâ€™ towards violence in the prevention of increasing violence in our day. Accordingly, â€œAttitudes Towards Violence Scale in Adultsâ€™â€ is a valid and reliable measurement tool that can be used to determine the attitudes of adults.  Keywords: Attitudes towards violence; adults; validity; reliability.
Factors that influence nursesâ€™ work-family conflict, job satisfaction and intention to leave
Authors: Ekici Dilek
Published: January 2018

The purpose of this study was to determine nursesâ€™ WFC, job satisfaction and intention to leave the job in a private hospital. Nurses who have difficulty in balancing their work and family responsibilities, and who are dissatisfied with their jobs, leave the institution where they work.This study attempted to explain casual relationships among nursesâ€™ workload, managerial support, WFC, working conditions, work environment, work structure, job satisfaction and intention to leave, and the factors influencing intention to leave by using Structural Equation ModellingThe population of the study included 98 nurses working in a private hospital. The nurses working shifts reported statistically higher levels of work to family conflict and workload than those working constantly during the daytime. On the other hand, no difference was found in managerial support between the groups. Managerial support and workload explained 48% of WFC. Work structure alone explained 44% of job satisfaction. Job satisfaction and WFC explained 17% of the variance in intention to leave.Nurses who have difficulty in balancing their family role and responsibilities because of intense work pressure, intend to leave their current job and to work in another organisation which offers better working conditions with lower workload and more managerial support. Work structure of nurses should be reorganised in order to enhance their job satisfaction. While achieving this, it is beneficial to involve nurses in decisions about their activities, to distribute tasks clearly, and to evaluate and reward performances impartially.  Keywords: Nurse; work family conflict; job satisfaction; intention to leave.
The use of e-learning program in nursing education
Authors: Yangoz Sefika Tugba
Published: January 2018

Over the past decade, the rapid developments and growth of information and communication technology (ICT) have had a profound influence on nursing education. E-learning has grown tremendously has been integrated into education and training. The aim of this review is to examine the effect of e-learning program in nursing education. Akdeniz University electronic databases center including MEDLINE, CINAHL, Sciencedirect, Cochrane library were searched published studies in English with “e-learning, nursing education, nursing students” key words and 554 articles were reached by the search results. By the analysis, published 2011-2016, the original six manuscripts have been sampled. A cross-over design study examined the effect of lecture and e-learning methods were compared, no significant difference was found between two methods. In another study, the effect of using e-learning versus lecture of nursing students was examined. Students were indicated to be pleased with the e-learning program. Another study evaluated the effectiveness of an e-learning intervention on pain management for nursing students, it was found to be useful. In another study, experiences of e-learning in a midwifery training package and student's views were evaluated, the students generally welcomed to e-learning however they suggested face-to-face learning. Another study tested the effectiveness of an e-learning program to increase pediatric medication management among students who take pediatric nursing courses, e-learning program is an effective learning method than lecture program. In another study, the effects of e-learning, lectures  and role playing on learning, retention and satisfaction of nursing students were evaluated, it was found lectures to be a significantly more effective teaching method than role playing and e-learning. Results of this review showed that students’ satisfaction with e-learning was lower than traditional lecture instruction. However different and well planned e-learning programmes can support the development of nursing students' skills, knowledge and attitudes.   Keywords: E-learning; nursing students; nursing education.
Determinants of patientâ€™s decision-making in seeking care when experiencing stroke-associated warning signs
Authors: AL-Fayyadh Sadeq
Published: January 2018

Stroke strikes millions of people worldwide.  It is categorized as one of the most alarming Non-Communicable Chronic Diseases (NCCDs) because of links to long-lasting disability or death.  From the literature, it is known that a stroke patientâ€™s decision of seeking immediate medical attention when symptoms occur is connected with better clinical outcome. A descriptive phenomenological design explored 12 post-stroke survivorsâ€™ experiences of their decisions to seek or delay care within the first three hours of symptom onset.  Three themes emerged:  Hindering Factors, Motivating Factors, and Stroke of Luck.  Hindering Factors and Motivating Factors depicted core variables that either hampered or motivated health care seeking behaviors.  The third theme, Stroke of Luck, highlighted the multi-dimensional impact of the stroke experience on survivorsâ€™ life choices.  Results from this study support expanded initiatives to educate the public on stroke symptoms through media platforms.  Keywords: Stroke; health care seeking behavior; post-stroke survivorsâ€™ experience.
Determination of self-care power of hemodialysis patients
Authors: Aydin Ebru
Published: January 2018

This study was designed as a descriptive-cross-sectional study in order to determine self-care ability in hemodialysis patients. The study was conducted with participation of 254 patients who received treatment in three dialysis centers between November 1, 2015 and January 30, 2016, who volunteered to participate in the study and were able cooperate with the researchers. The data were collected using a questionnaire comprised of 17 items and Self-Care Agency Scale. Self-Care Agency Scale was developed in 1979 by Kearney and Fleischer and was adapted to Turkish by NahÃ§ivan. It is a Likert-type scale comprised of 35 items. The minimum possible score is 35, the maximum possible score is 140. Higher scores show greater self-care ability. Data were evaluated by calculating percentages and using one-way ANOVA, t-test, and Tukey test. Of all the study participants, 46.5% were female and 53.5% were male; 36.2% were primary school graduates; 98.4% had a social security; 84.3% had income levels that were equal to their expenditures; 68.5% lived in city centers. Mean age of the participants was 58.2 Â± 12.9years. 80.3% of the patients had accompanying chronic disease; 39.4% have been undergoing dialysis for 1-5 years; 96.1% were undergoing dialysis for 3 times a week; 54.3% described their health as good; 53.5% had changes in their daily life activities due to dialysis treatment; and 29.9% had their familial and social life affected by dialysis treatment.  The mean total score from Self-Care Agency Scale was calculated as 112.4 Â± 10.3. Self-Care Agency Scale score was found to correlate with some sociodemographic and clinical features of the patients (p<0.05). It was found that patients had above intermediate level of Self-Care Agency Scale scores. In light of the study results, it is recommended that patients are educated to further improve their self-care ability.

Keywords: Hemodialysis, Self-care, Behavior, Knowledge, Application.
РЕФЛЕКСИВНИ МОДЕЛ МЕТОДИЧКЕ ПРАКСЕ НА ФИЛОЗОФСКОМ ФАКУЛТЕТУ УНИВЕРЗИТЕТА У
Authors: Новаковић Александар М.
Published: January 2018

Рад се бави начином организације и извођења наставне праксе студената на Катедри за српски језик и књижевност на Филозофском факултету Универзитета у Нишу, на коме се са традиционалног прешло на рефлексивни модел стручне праксе. Рефлексивни модел је допринео стварању квалитетнијих наставних кадрова, што спроведено истраживање над 100 студената и показује. Почетна хипотеза да студенти чија је пракса била организована према рефлексивном моделу поседују више особина које чине доброг наставника у односу на оне студенте чија је пракса била организована према традиционалном моделу у потпуности је потврђена.
ЕКСПЛИЦИТНА НАСТАВА, НАМЕРНО УЧЕЊЕ И САВРЕМЕНЕ МЕТОДЕ У ПОРЕЂЕЊУ С ТРАДИЦИОНАЛНИМ УЧЕЊЕМ СТРАНОГ ЈЕЗИКА
Authors: Лемајић Maja С.
Published: January 2018

У овом раду ауторка приказује један од начина експлицитне наставе и намерног учења, примењујући технику попуњавања скице и износећи предности и мане у настави страног језика. Циљ истраживања је показати да ли је експлицитан начин наставе и намерног учења ефикаснији од класичног, фронталног начина предавања. Експлицитни вид наставе биће доминантан у спроведеном истраживању. У истраживању су учествовале две групе ученика, распоређене у контролну и експерименталну групу. Ауторка у раду приказује и објашњава начин на који је спровела истраживање и износи добијене резултате који потврђују да техника има утицаја на ефикасност наставе страног језика. У уводном делу кроз теорију објашњава се важност комуникативног приступа у учењу страног језика, као и основни појмови који се користе, приказујући разлику између тестова краткорочне и дугорочне ретенције. Типови меморија, као и сваки тип понаособ, биће објашњени у раду. Ауторка прави разлику између намерног и ненамерног учења, повезујући експлицитну наставу и технику попуњавања скице као један од њених примера, те износи позитивне карактеристике технике кроз резултате које је добила током истраживања.
Gender Differences in Cigarette Smoking and Alcohol Drinking among Adolescents and Young Adults in Hanoi, Shanghai and Taipei
Authors: Cui Yuanqi , Zhu Qianqian , Lou Chaohua , Gao Ersheng , Cheng Yan , Zabin Laurie S. , Emerson Mark R.
Published: January 2018

The study aims to explore gender differences in smoking and drinking in three Asian cities—Hanoi, Shanghai and Taipei, and assesses the magnitude of these gender differences across cities. A total of 17,016 adolescents and young adults, aged 15 to 24 years, residing in both urban and rural area of Hanoi, Shanghai and Taipei were selected by multistage sampling methods and surveyed by face to face interview. The gender differences are significant for smoking-only, drinking-only, and both behaviors in each city. With respect to smoking-only, males are more than 30.66 times as likely to report it compared with females in Hanoi, followed by Shanghai and Taipei. The above trend holds true when further examining drinking-only and both smoking and drinking. The magnitude of gender differences in smoking-only, drinking-only, and both behaviors widely vary across the three cities. Future research is needed to further examine the mechanisms behind these gender differences and how these differences may be utilized to prevent and reduce smoking and drinking in the adolescent and young adult population.
Application of Nanoparticle Technology to Enhance the Anti-microbial Resistance through β-lactam Antibiotic-Polymer Inclusion Nano-Complex
Authors: Salamanca Constain H. , yarce Cristhian J. , Roman Yony , Davalos Andrés F. , Rivera Gustavo R.
Published: January 2018

Biocompatible polymeric materials with potential to form functional structures in association with different therapeutic molecules have a high potential for biological, medical and pharmaceutical applications. Therefore, the protective capability of the inclusion nano-Complex formed between the sodium salt of poly(maleic acid-alt-octadecene) and a β-lactam drug (ampicillin trihydrate) on the chemical, enzymatic and biological degradation was evaluated. PAM-18Na was produced and characterized as reported previously. The formation of polymeric hydrophobic aggregates in aqueous solution was determined, using pyrene as a fluorescent probe. Furthermore, the formation of polymer-drug nano-complexes was characterized by Differential Scanning Calorimetry-DSC, viscometric, ultrafiltration/centrifugation assays, zeta potential and size measurements by dynamic light scattering-DLS. The PAM-18Na capacity to avoid the chemical degradation was studied through stress stability tests. The enzymatic degradation was evaluated from a pure β-lactamase, while the biological degradation was determined by different β-lactamase producing Staphylococcus aureus strains. When ampicillin was associated with PAM-18Na, the half-life time in acidic conditions increased, whereas both the enzymatic degradation and the minimum inhibitory concentration decreased to a 90 and 75%, respectively. These results suggest a promissory capability of this polymer to protect the β-lactam drugs against chemical, enzymatic and biological degradation.
Key Factors Inhibiting Legislative Progress Toward Smoke-Free Coverage in Appalachia
Authors: Donahoe J. Travis , Titus Andrea R. , Fleischer Nancy L.
Published: January 2018

The Appalachian Region has among the highest rates of smoking and smoking-related illness in the United States. Strong smoke-free legislation could help protect nonsmoking residents from the harmful effects of secondhand smoke. However, there is a dearth of state, county, city, and subcounty smoke-free law coverage throughout Appalachia.

As of July 2016, only 21% of Appalachian residents were covered by comprehensive smoke-free laws (i.e., 100% coverage for workplaces, restaurants, and bars). Only 46% of Appalachians lived in places with 100% smoke-free workplace laws, only 30% lived in places with 100% smoke-free restaurant laws, and only 29% lived in places with 100% smoke-free bar laws. Reasons for this lack of smoke-free law coverage include socioeconomic disadvantage, the historical importance of tobacco in Appalachian economies, and preemptive state legislation.

By understanding the contextual issues that have inhibited smoke-free legislation, smoke-free advocates will be better prepared to lead efforts that expand smoke-free coverage in this region.
Implications of Cereal Rye/Crimson Clover Management for Conventional and Organic Cotton Producers
Authors: Vann R. A. , Reberg‐Horton S. C. , Edmisten K. L. , York A. C.
Published: January 2018

Core Ideas

Cereal rye/crimson clover cover crop mixtures can be used for weed suppression and soil moisture conservation in cotton production.

Cover crop management at cotton planting can influence cotton emergence, weed suppression, and soil moisture dynamics.

Cotton emergence declined when cotton was planted directly into standing cover crop and without row cleaners engaged, but this reduction did not affect cotton lint yield.

Soil temperature was reduced and soil moisture was increased by the presence of a cover crop mulch regardless of cover crop residue management strategy at cotton planting.

Cover crop residue management did not affect cotton lint yield when herbicides were used, indicating that conventional producers have flexibility in terminating cover crops and residue management at cotton planting.

Cover crop residue management can affect performance of the subsequent crop. This experiment was conducted in five environments in North Carolina from 2014 to 2016 to determine the effect of a cereal rye (Secale cereale)/crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum) mulch on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) emergence, soil temperature, soil moisture, weed suppression, and cotton yield under a conventional and organic weed control context. The cereal rye and crimson clover mixture was planted in mid‐October and terminated 1 wk prior to cotton planting using a roller‐crimper or herbicide application. Cover crop residue management included fertilized, rolled cover crop with row cleaners engaged at planting (Roll+F+RC), rolled cover crop with row cleaners engaged at planting (Roll+RC), rolled cover crop (Roll), standing cover crop with row cleaners engaged at planting (Stand+RC), and no cover crop (BARE). Weed treatments included with and without herbicides. Cover crop dry biomass ranged from 3820 to 6610 kg ha−1 across environments. Fertilizing the cover crop enhanced cover crop dry biomass production by 250 to 1860 kg ha−1. Cotton emergence declined when cotton was planted directly into standing cover crop and without row cleaners engaged. Soil temperature was reduced and soil moisture was increased by the presence of a cover crop. Cover crop residue management did not affect late‐season weed biomass at four of the five environments. Cover crop residue management did not affect cotton lint yield when herbicides were used, indicating that conventional producers have flexibility in terminating cover crops and residue management at cotton planting.
Long‐term Trends in Corn Yields and Soil Carbon under Diversified Crop Rotations
Authors: Jarecki Marek , Grant Brian , Smith Ward , Deen Bill , Drury Craig , VanderZaag Andrew , Qian Budong , Yang Jingyi , Wagner‐Riddle Claudia
Published: January 2018

Agricultural practices such as including perennial alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), or red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) in corn (Zea mays L.) rotations can provide higher crop yields and increase soil organic C (SOC) over time. How well process‐based biogeochemical models such as DeNitrification‐DeComposition (DNDC) capture the beneficial effects of diversified cropping systems is unclear. To calibrate and validate DNDC for simulation of observed trends in corn yield and SOC, we used long‐term trials: continuous corn (CC) and corn–oats (Avena sativa L.)–alfalfa–alfalfa (COAA) for Woodslee, ON, 1959 to 2015; and CC, corn–corn–soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]–soybean (CCSS), corn–corn–soybean–winter wheat (CCSW), corn–corn–soybean–winter wheat + red clover (CCSW+Rc), and corn–corn–alfalfa–alfalfa (CCAA) for Elora, ON, 1981 to 2015. Yield and SOC under 21st century conditions were projected under future climate scenarios from 2016 to 2100. The DNDC model was calibrated to improve crop N stress and was revised to estimate changes in water availability as a function of soil properties. This improved yield estimates for diversified rotations at Elora (mean absolute prediction error [MAPE] decreased from 13.4–15.5 to 10.9–14.6%) with lower errors for the three most diverse rotations. Significant improvements in yield estimates were also simulated at Woodslee for COAA, with MAPE decreasing from 24.0 to 16.6%. Predicted and observed SOC were in agreement for simpler rotations (CC or CCSS) at both sites (53.8 and 53.3 Mg C ha−1 for Elora, 52.0 and 51.4 Mg C ha−1 for Woodslee). Predicted SOC increased due to rotation diversification and was close to observed values (58.4 and 59 Mg C ha−1 for Elora, 63 and 61.1 Mg C ha−1 for Woodslee). Under future climate scenarios the diversified rotations mitigated crop water stress resulting in trends of higher yields and SOC content in comparison to simpler rotations.

Core Ideas

Corn grown in rotation had higher yield than corn grown in monoculture.

Improvements in the DNDC model captured the yield increases in diversified rotations.

Diversified rotations had higher SOC stock than corn in monoculture.

DNDC‐predicted and observed values agreed well for yield and soil carbon.

Benefits from diversified rotations were predicted by DNDC for future scenarios.
Widening the Gene Pool of Sexual Tetraploid Bahiagrass: Generation and Reproductive Characterization of a Sexual Synthetic Tetraploid Population
Authors: Zilli A.L. , Acuña C.A. , Schulz R.R. , Brugnoli E.A. , Guidalevich V. , Quarin C.L. , Martínez E.J.
Published: January 2018

The improvement of bahiagrass, Paspalum notatum Flüggé, has been inhibited by reduced levels of genetic diversity in sexual tetraploid germplasm. A few experimental sexual tetraploid genotypes (ESTGs) have been generated by chromosome doubling, but these plants typically exhibit low vigor. The objectives of this work were to generate and characterize the ploidy level, mode of reproduction, and fertility of a novel 308 individual sexual synthetic tetraploid population (SSTP) developed by intercrossing 29 sexual F1 hybrids originated by hybridizing several naturally occurring apomictic tetraploids from diverse origin with a few ESTGs. Ploidy levels were determined using flow cytometry, and reproductive modes were evaluated by a molecular assay with apospory‐linked markers and embryo sac observations. The tetraploid level and the sexual mode of reproduction remained stable after two cycles of recombination during the generation of the SSTP. Fertility was evaluated based on seed set under self‐ and open pollination during 3 yr. The SSTP exhibited in average 30.2 and 15.2% seed set under open and self‐pollination, respectively, showing a predominantly cross‐pollination behavior with variable levels of self‐fertility. There were no differences in terms of fertility between the SSTP and the ESTG. The novel tetraploid population behaves as sexual and cross‐pollinated, and it is expected to allow a more efficient genetic improvement under the proposed breeding approaches.
Nonparametric Resampling Methods for Testing Multiplicative Terms in AMMI and GGE Models for Multienvironment Trials
Authors: Malik W. A. , Hadasch S. , Forkman J. , Piepho H. P.
Published: January 2018

The additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) and genotype and genotype × environment interaction (GGE) models have been extensively used for the analysis of genotype × environment experiments in plant breeding and variety testing. Since their introduction, several tests have been proposed for testing the significance of the multiplicative terms, including a parametric bootstrap procedure. However, all of these tests are based on the assumptions of normality and homogeneity variance of the errors. In this paper, we propose tests based on nonparametric bootstrap and permutation methods. The proposed tests do not require any strong distributional assumptions. We also propose a test that can handle heterogeneity of variance between environments. The robustness of the proposed tests is compared with the robustness of other competing tests. The simulation study shows that the proposed tests always perform better than the parametric bootstrap method when the distributional assumptions of normality and homogeneity of variance are violated. The stratified permutation test can be recommended in case of heterogeneity of variance between environments.
Corn Residue Baling and Grazing Impacts on Soil Carbon Stocks and Other Properties on a Haplustoll
Authors: Ruis Sabrina , Blanco-Canqui Humberto , Burr Chuck , Olson Brian , Reiman Mark , Rudnick Daran , Drijber Rhae , Shaver Tim
Published: January 2018

Core Ideas

Corn residue baling reduced SOC stocks by 2.16 Mg ha–1 yr–1 compared with no removal after 3 yr.

Baling increased erosion potential and reduced soil microbial biomass.

Cattle grazing of corn residues did not generally affect soil properties.

Baling and grazing effects on soil properties did not vary with irrigation and tillage system.

Baling affected soil properties more than grazing regardless of irrigation and tillage.

Baling and grazing of corn (Zea mays L.) residues are common practices in irrigated systems to meet the increasing demand for forage. Our understanding of how such practices affect soil properties under different tillage and irrigation levels is, however, still limited. This study assessed the impacts of corn residue baling and grazing on soil organic C (SOC) stocks, particulate organic matter (POM) concentration, soil microbial communities, sorptivity, and wind and water erosion potential under continuous corn managed with two irrigation (full and limited) and two tillage (no‐till and strip till) levels after 3 yr on a silt loam in the central Great Plains. On average, residue removal was 66% for baling and 24% for grazing. Baling reduced SOC stocks by 2.16 Mg ha–1 yr–1 for the 0‐ to 20‐cm depth compared with no residue removal, but residue grazing, irrigation, and tillage had no effects. Full irrigation decreased mean weight diameter (MWD) of wet aggregates by 19% compared with limited irrigation, attributed to Na accumulation. No‐till had lower wind‐erodible fraction and greater microbial biomass than strip till. Regardless of irrigation and tillage, baling increased wind‐erodible fraction by 43% and decreased MWD by 56%, POM concentration by 41%, sorptivity by 57%, and microbial biomass in the upper 5‐cm depth compared with grazing and no residue removal. Grazing increased POM concentration and actinomycete biomass compared with no residue removal. Overall, changes in soil properties due to baling were larger and more rapid than in most previous studies, while grazing had fewer effects on soil properties.
Measurement and Partitioning of Evapotranspiration for Application to Vadose Zone Studies
Authors: Anderson Ray G. , Zhang Xudong , Skaggs Todd H.
Published: January 2018

Core Ideas

Partitioned evaporation and transpiration is important for validating vadose zone models.

New partitioning approaches overcome spatiotemporal limitations of previous methods.

Some techniques can be applied to existing data to increase E and T observations.

Intercomparisons of approaches at a variety of field sites are needed to better assess each approach.

Partitioning evapotranspiration (ET) into its constituent components, evaporation (E) and transpiration (T), is important for numerous hydrological purposes including assessing impacts of management practices on water use efficiency and improved validation of vadose zone models that parameterize E and T separately. However, most long‐established observational techniques have short observational timescales and spatial footprints, raising questions about the representativeness of these measurements. In the past 15 yr, new approaches have allowed ET partitioning at spatial scales ranging from the pedon to the globe and at long timescales. In this update, we review some recent methodological developments for partitioning ET. These include micrometeorological approaches involving the flux variance partitioning of high‐frequency eddy covariance observations and proxies for photosynthesis and transpiration such as measurements of isotopic fractionation and carbonyl sulfide uptake. We discuss advances in partitioning the energy balance between canopy and soil using remote sensing. We conclude that the flux variance partitioning with raw eddy covariance data and the two‐source energy balance approaches with remote sensing platforms may have the greatest potential for partitioning ET, in part because large public repositories of eddy covariance and satellite data could be readily reprocessed to partition ET.
Trudności sensoryczne a pełnienie roli ucznia na przykładzie dzieci ze specjalnymi potrzebami edukacyjnymi
Authors: Kucharczyk Izabella , Olempska-Wysocka Magdalena
Published: January 2018

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie zagadnień dotyczących nieprawidłowości w zakresie przetwarzania sensorycznego u uczniów ze specjalnymi potrzebami edukacyjnymi. Brak właściwej stymulacji dotykowej, przedsionkowej, proprioceptywnej i pozostałych zmysłów wpływa na proces uczenia się i wywiązywania z powierzonych zadań uczniów z SPE. Nieprawidłowa stymulacja sensoryczna potęguje trudności w nabywaniu kompetencji samoobsługowych, koordynacji wzrokowo-ruchowo-czuciowej, umiejętności ruchowych czy integracji odruchów niemowlęcych. Dlatego też należy zadbać o to, aby rodzice, nauczyciele i specjaliści prowadzący różne terapie z dzieckiem ze specjalnymi potrzebami edukacyjnymi wzięli pod uwagę w procesie wychowania aspekt optymalnej stymulacji sensorycznej.
Fenomenologiczna kategoria świata życia codziennego jako przesłanka eksplikacji sensów edukacji
Authors: Gara Jarosław
Published: January 2018

Sformułowany problem opiera się na próbie przybliżenia trzech zasadniczych zagadnień, wyrażonych w trzech pytaniach i przynależnych im perspektywach problemowych: 1. Jakie są podstawowe przesłanki fenomenologicznych nastawień badawczych?; 2. Jak jest rozumiana fenomenologiczna kategoria świata życia codziennego?; 3. W jaki sposób fenomenologiczna kategoria świata życia codziennego pozwala na ujmowanie i rozjaśnianie sensów edukacji? Fenomenologia świata życia codziennego, rozwijana przez Edmunda Husserla w ostatnim okresie jego twórczości, opiera się na założeniu, że ów świat przeżywany jest właściwym i nieredukowalnym punktem wyjścia dla nauk humanistycznych i społecznych. Jest to bowiem wspólny świat codziennych sytuacji i praktycznego działania.W tym też kontekście odnoszę się do fenomenu edukacyjnych preliminariów i imponderabiliów oraz rozpatruję kwestie sensotwórczości doświadczenia paradoksalności, aporetyczności i dialektyczności rozwoju człowieka. To zaś daje to podstawę do ujmowania tytułowych sensów edukacji jako swoistego egzystencjalnego doświadczenia odysei.
Radiotracers for Amyloid Imaging in Neurodegenerative Disease: State-of-the-Art and Novel Concepts
Authors: Cistaro Angelina , Alongi Pierpaolo , Caobelli Federico , Cassalia Laura
Published: January 2018

The pathological accumulation of different peptides is the common base of many
neurodegenerative processes, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). AD is characterized by amyloid
deposits which may cause alterations in neurotransmission, activation of inflammatory
mechanisms, neuronal death and cerebral atrophy. Diagnosis in vivo is challenging as the criteria
rely mainly on clinical manifestations, which become evident only in a late stage of the
disease. While AD can currently be definitively confirmed by postmortem histopathologic
examination, in vivo imaging may improve the clinician's ability to identify AD at the earliest
stage.

In this regard, the detection of cerebral amyloid plaques with positron emission tomography
(PET) is likely to improve diagnosis and allow for a prompt start of an effective therapy.
Many PET imaging probes for AD-specific pathological modifications have been developed
and proved effective in detecting amyloid deposits in vivo. We here review the current knowledge
on PET imaging in the detection of amyloid deposits and their application in the diagnosis
of AD.
Role of CD73 in Disease: Promising Prognostic Indicator and Therapeutic Target
Authors: Yang Jiayin , Liao Xiaohong , Yu Jerry , Zhou Ping
Published: January 2018

CD73, also known as ecto-5’-nucleotidase (eN, NT5E, EC3.13.5), is the ratelimiting
enzyme for adenosine generation and is expressed on multiple cells. Its expression
is significantly influenced by hypoxia and inflammatory factors. During inflammation,
CD73 protects endothelial barrier function and inhibits leukocyte trafficking. CD73
also promotes M2 macrophages (anti-inflammatory phenotype). In addition, CD73 is expressed
on Treg cells and mediates immune suppression through adenosine. CD73 serves
as an essential regulator for the immunity and inflammation. Its expression is related to
many diseases, such as autoimmune diseases, ischemia-reperfusion injuries, arterial calcifications,
and atherosclerosis. CD73 is overexpressed in many cancers. Its expression is
positively associated with tumor growth, metastasis, angiogenesis, poor prognosis and resistance
to chemotherapy. Thus, CD73 may be used for prognostic indicator and therapeutic
target in diseases such as cancers.
Precision Medicine: Update on Diagnosis and Therapeutic Strategies of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Liang Qing , Shen Xiaoying , Sun Guangchun
Published: January 2018

Recent advances in multiple omics technologies and the advent of massively
parallel sequencing provide technical supports for the implementation of precision medicine.
The precision medicine emphasizes that heterogeneous diseases can be well classified
into more precise subtypes by the powerful detection methods and integration of
clinical features, so that the clinicians should develop more accurate diagnosis and therapeutic
strategies for the disease subtype population in an effort to maximize the efficacy
and minimize the unnecessary side effects. Oncology is at the forefront of precision medicine,
as malignant tumors have significant heterogeneity and are among the leading
causes of death nationally and worldwide. The incidence and mortality of Hepatocellular
Carcinoma (HCC), a kind of extraordinarily heterogeneous malignancy, have been increasing
worldwide, making it a major public health concern. Such heterogeneity affects
key signaling pathways, driving phenotypic variation, influences tumor evolution, and
poses severe challenges to HCC treatment. The application of precision medicine will
have certain impact on HCC diagnosis and treatment strategies. Herein, we summarize the
updates and challenges in high-risk population screening, prevention, diagnosis, staging
and therapy of HCC under the concept of precision medicine.
Probiotics and Paraprobiotics in Viral Infection: Clinical Application and Effects on the Innate and Acquired Immune Systems
Authors: Kanauchi Osamu , Andoh Akira , AbuBakar Sazaly , Yamamoto Naoki
Published: January 2018

Recently, the risk of viral infection has dramatically increased owing to changes in human ecology
such as global warming and an increased geographical movement of people and goods. However, the efficacy of
vaccines and remedies for infectious diseases is limited by the high mutation rates of viruses, especially, RNA
viruses. Here, we comprehensively review the effectiveness of several probiotics and paraprobiotics (sterilized
probiotics) for the prevention or treatment of virally-induced infectious diseases. We discuss the unique roles of
these agents in modulating the cross-talk between commensal bacteria and the mucosal immune system. In addition,
we provide an overview of the unique mechanism by which viruses are eliminated through the stimulation of
type 1 interferon production by probiotics and paraprobiotics via the activation of dendritic cells. Although further
detailed research is necessary in the future, probiotics and/or paraprobiotics are expected to be among the
rational adjunctive options for the treatment of various viral diseases.
Ik zou daar een boek kunnen over schrijven. De charmes van dagelijksheid (vervolg).
Authors: van Ryssel Daniel
Published: January 2018

Juli 1950.
Ik zou daar een boek kunnen over schrijven. De charmes van dagelijksheid (vervolg).
Authors: van Ryssel Daniel
Published: January 2018

januari 1958.
Ik zou daar een boek kunnen over schrijven. De charmes van dagelijksheid (vervolg)
Authors: van Ryssel Daniel
Published: January 2018

juli 1958
“As If Neck Injuries Did Not Exist”: An Interview Study of Patients’ and Relatives’ Perceptions of Web Information on and Management of Whiplash Injuries in Sweden (Preprint)
Authors: Bernhoff Gabriella , Saripanidis Christos , Bertilson Bo Christer
Published: January 2018

BACKGROUND

If purposefully designed, patient information can help individuals make well-founded health care decisions. This study was initiated to improve the information on whiplash injuries found in the national health care portal Healthcare Guide 1177, operated by the Swedish government.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to describe the thoughts of patients and relatives on (1) information about whiplash injuries presented in the portal and (2) the Swedish health care system’s management of whiplash injuries.

METHODS

A total of 5 interviews were conducted with patients (n=10) who had experienced a whiplash injury and with relatives (n=3) of such patients. The interviews were taped, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed by means of conventional content analysis.

RESULTS

The following two themes emerged from the latent content analysis: (1) confidence and trust in the public health care system and (2) a disappointment with health care encounters.

CONCLUSIONS

We found that most of the study participants felt distress due to insufficient information; respondents perceived a discrepancy between the public health care system's authority and the information provided. The Web information on whiplash injuries may greatly impact patients' care decisions as well as their physical, mental, and social well-being. We would recommend detailed patient information on whiplash injuries, with less emphasis on psychology and more data on pathophysiology, prognosis, and treatment.
MILITARY-HISTORICAL RECONSTRUCTION AS A SOCIAL AND CULTURAL PHENOMENON AND A MEANS OF PATRIOTIC UPBRINGING OF STUDENT YOUTH
Authors: Максимов Сергей , Maksimov Sergei , Степина Елена , Stepina Elena
Published: January 2018

The article discusses the military-historical reconstruction as a form of tourist study of local lore and a means of Patriotic upbringing of students. This social phenomenon has a significant potential from the point of view of spiritual and moral development of a student’s personality, because it brings together the most significant components of these processes: cognitive, moral, spiritual, emotional and activity components, corresponding to selected stages, which are selected by authors, of formation of Patriotic consciousness of the student youth as spiritually-moral qualities of students’ personality. Historical reconstruction, which is researched in the context of a tourist study of local lore, expands the boundaries of tourism as object of activity and science. The object of the research in tourist study of local lore is the native land, with its geographical, economic, historical and cultural characteristics through the lens of the tourist identity. In the process of participation in the historical reconstruction as a form of regional activities students produce and accumulate knowledge of the history and culture of their native land; this activity contributes to the formation of such basic values as love for the native land, interest in its history and culture, which ultimately contributes to young people's ethnic and cultural identity, Patriotic consciousness and desire to know their native land. Military-historical reconstruction is the form of tourist study of local lore, which reflects the characteristics of local history as an integral system functioning in the world of three-dimensional models generated by space components, time and society
Loss of B-Cell Anergy in Type 1 Diabetes Is Associated With High-Risk HLA and Non-HLA Disease Susceptibility Alleles
Authors: Smith Mia J. , Rihanek Marynette , Wasserfall Clive , Mathews Clayton E. , Atkinson Mark A. , Gottlieb Peter A. , Cambier John C.
Published: January 2018

Although B cells reactive with islet autoantigens are silenced by tolerance mechanisms in healthy individuals, they can become activated and contribute to the development of type 1 diabetes. We previously demonstrated that high-affinity insulin-binding B cells (IBCs) occur exclusively in the anergic (BND) compartment in peripheral blood of healthy subjects. Consistent with their activation early in disease development, high-affinity IBCs are absent from the BND compartment of some first-degree relatives (FDRs) as well as all patients with autoantibody-positive prediabetes and new-onset type 1 diabetes, a time when they are found in pancreatic islets. Loss of BND IBCs is associated with a loss of the entire BND B-cell compartment consistent with provocation by an environmental trigger or predisposing genetic factors. To investigate potential mechanisms operative in subversion of B-cell tolerance, we explored associations between HLA and non-HLA type 1 diabetes–associated risk allele genotypes and loss of BNDs in FDRs. We found that high-risk HLA alleles and a subset of non-HLA risk alleles (i.e., PTPN2 [rs1893217], INS [rs689], and IKZF3 [rs2872507]), relevant to B- and T-cell development and function are associated with loss of anergy. Hence, the results suggest a role for risk-conferring alleles in perturbation of B-cell anergy during development of type 1 diabetes.
Percepciones y actitudes de la población de Colima, México, hacia los organismos genéticamente modificados / Perceptions and attitudes of the Colima population, Mexico, towards genetically modified organisms
Authors: Montesinos-López Osval A. , Franco-Pérez Emeterio , Licea-Panduro Ignacio , Ramos-Pulido Sofía , Luna- Espinoza Ignacio , López-Jiménez Sergio Felipe
Published: January 2018

Actualmente existe un gran debate sobre la producción y el consumo de los organismos genéticamente modificados (OGMs) en México, ya sea para su uso alimenticio, en la agricultura o en aplicaciones médicas. Por ello se requiere obtener información sobre su viabilidad en el mercado. Por lo anterior, el objetivo del presente estudio fue medir las percepciones y actitudes de los consumidores sobre la producción y consumo de OGMs, en el estado de Colima, México, en 2015. Como materiales y métodos para obtener la información se estructuró un cuestionario con 60 preguntas que englobaron 11 factores latentes con un enfoque cuantitativo. El cuestionario se aplicó a 1 000 personas de la zona urbana del estado de  Colima, México. Los resultados revelaron similitudes y diferencias importantes respecto a estudios realizados en otros países, mostrando, principalmente, que los encuestados no poseen la suficiente información sobre los OGMs, tienen desconfianza alta hacia los mismos y no perciben su valor social ni efectos positivos en la salud más allá de incrementar la productividad agrícola. Se concluyó que es necesario generar y proporcionar información científicamente correcta sobre los OGMs a los mexicanos para que estén mejor informados y puedan dar una opinión crítica sobre su consumo.
Instrument Development of Self-Confidence for Badminton Athletes
Authors: Amir Nyak
Published: January 2018

Standardized measurement with good reliability and validity values to assess levels of selfconfidence of badminton athletes is not yet available in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to develop such measurement, applicable to the condition of athletes in Indonesia. Subjects (N = 60) were badminton athletes and PBSI coaches in Kabupaten Pidie Aceh Province. The process included two stages: (1) collection of item pool and (2) screening of item pool with Q-sort method. The measurement was then tested on 172 athletes from PBSI Kabupaten Pidie Aceh Province. Data was analyzed through tests for validity, reliability, and factor analysis. Results showed that badminton athlete’s self-confidence measurement consisting of five factors and 38 items is valid and reliable, with index scores of .614 and .872 for validity and reliability respectively.
Loneliness and Cognitive Distortion in Adolescent Facebookers
Authors: Fitri Rani Agias , Anggita Syerlie July
Published: January 2018

Facebook users in Indonesia dominated by adolescents in the age range 12 - 15 years. The usage of Facebook has negative effects, such as loneliness and cognitive distortion. The study aims to determine the relationship between loneliness and cognitive distortions in early adolescence Facebook users. Using revision of UCLA Loneliness Scale (ULS) – 8 (Hays & DiMatteo, 1987) and Briere’s (2000) Cognitive Distortion Scale (CDS), data was collected from 146 early adolescents, female and male, who studied at schools in East Jakarta, South Jakarta, North Jakarta, and Depok. Based on results of data analysis using Spearman Rank correlation. A significant positive correlation was obtained between loneliness and cognitive distortion on early adolescence Facebook users (r= .271, p< .005). It was supported by a significant positive correlation between dimension of cognitive distortion (self criticism, self blame, helplessness, hopelessness, and preoccupation with danger) and loneliness with correlation rate .234 – .308.
Middle Years of Marriage: Love and Marital Satisfaction Among Wives
Authors: Prasetyo Firza Ersalina , Wahyuningsih Sri , Karunia Nurlita Endah
Published: January 2018

In the middle years of marriage, marital satisfaction tends to decline, particularly among wives because of their caregiving roles for children and parents (transgenerational squeeze), and because their husbands focus more on their work. This may weaken love despite that love can provide happiness and lead to marital satisfaction. This study examined the relationships between love and marital satisfaction and determined which components of love that had the highest correlation with marital satisfaction. Data collected using questionnaires. Results showed that love had a positive relationship with wives’ marital satisfaction in the middle years of marriage (p < .001). The components of love having significant relationships with marital satisfaction from the highest to the lowest correlation were intimacy, commitment, and passion.
Sex Offenders: Treat or Punish? (Community Quick Survey on Sex Offenders)
Authors: Marthasari Rossy Sintya
Published: January 2018

The aim of this study was to collect data of what ordinary people think on chemical castration and the proper punishment for sex offenders. An online survey was conducted through a questionnaire (N = 36; 19 males and 17 females). Average age was between 19 and 61; all participants have heard and known about sexual harassment. Results showed that 21% of respondents concluded that the Internet was the main cause, 36% accused the pornographic films, 18% said that the harassment was due to how the victims behave and dress themselves, and 21% said that psychopathological factors also played a role. Most of the respondents advised that the proper punishment should be death penalty (47%), while 29% chose the chemical castration and 20% chose imprisonment. Since psychoterapy (in this context cognitive-behavioral therapy) combined with pharmacological therapy has shown better outcome compared to monotherapy, the author considers to involve cognitive behavioral therapy as part of rehabilitation, so psychotherapy should be part of punishment in lieu of chemical castration. Causes underlying the sexual harassments especially the psy-chological aspects are discussed.