bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Systematic review of social prescribing and older adults: where to from here?
Authors: Percival Amanda , Newton Christie , Mulligan Kate , Petrella Robert J , Ashe Maureen C
Published: October 2022

Objective

Social prescribing is a person-centred model of care with emphases on lessening the impact of unmet social needs, supporting the delivery of personalised care, and reducing non-medical resource use in the primary care setting. The purpose of this systematic review was to synthesise the effect of social prescribing for older adults within primary care.

Design

We followed standard systematic review guidelines, including protocol registration, screening studies (title/abstract and full text) and assessing the study quality.

Eligibility and information sources

We searched multiple online databases for studies that included older adults 60+ years (group mean age), an intervention defined and called social prescribing (or social prescription) via health provider referrals to non-medical services, and quantitative physical and psychosocial outcomes and/or health resource use. We included experimental and observational studies from all years and languages and conducted a narrative synthesis. The date of the last search was 24 March 2022.

Results

We screened 406 citations (after removing duplicates) and included seven studies. All studies except one were before–after design without a control group, and all except one study was conducted in the UK. Studies included 12–159 participants (baseline), there were more women than men, the group mean (SD) age was 76.1 (4.0) years and data collection (baseline to final) occurred on average 19.4 (14.0) weeks apart. Social prescribing referrals came from health and social providers. Studies had considerable risk of bias, programme implementation details were missing, and for studies that reported data (n=6) on average only 66% of participants completed studies (per-protocol). There were some positive effects of social prescribing on physical and psychosocial outcomes (eg, social participation, well-being). Findings varied for health resource use. These results may change with new evidence.

Conclusions

There were few peer-reviewed studies available for social prescribing and older adults. Next steps for social prescribing should include co-creating initiatives with providers, older people and communities to identify meaningful outcomes, and feasible and robust methods for uptake of the prescription and community programmes. This should be considered in advance or in parallel with determining its effectiveness for meaningful outcomes at multiple levels (person, provider and programme).
A new method for assessing transverse sinus stenosis with CT venography based on the venous trans-stenotic pressure gradient
Authors: Ding Heyu , Zhao Pengfei , Lv Han , Li Xiaoshuai , Qiu Xiaoyu , Dai Chihang , Xu Ning , Wang Guopeng , Yang Zhenghan , Gong Shusheng , Jin Long , Wang Zhenchang
Published: October 2022

Background

Evaluation of the transverse sinus stenosis (TSS) is essential for TSS-related diseases.

Objective

To investigate a new method for the quantitative assessment of TSS based on the correlation between TSS and trans-stenotic pressure gradient (TPG).

Methods

Patients with unilateral pulsatile tinnitus with or without idiopathic intracranial hypertension were retrospectively included. All patients underwent CT venography and venous manometry and were confirmed to have TSS. The cross-sectional diameter/area of TSS, the poststenotic and prestenotic segments, and the superior sagittal sinus (SSS) were measured. The degree of TSS was calculated by dividing the diameter/area of TSS by the diameter/area of the poststenotic segment (M1/M2), prestenotic segment (M3/M4), and SSS (M5/M6). Partial correlation analysis (controlling for the effect of age, sex, outflow laterality, and contralateral stenosis) was performed to evaluate the correlation between M1–M6 and the TPG. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of M1–M6 for diagnosing a significant TPG (≥8 mm Hg) was performed.

Results

Ninety-nine patients met the inclusion criteria. The partial correlation coefficients between M1–M6 and the TPG were 0.60, 0.61, 0.43, 0.48, 0.39, and 0.54, respectively. The areas under the curve (AUCs) of M1–M6 for diagnosing a significant TPG were 0.81, 0.86, 0.68, 0.69, 0.64, and 0.72, respectively. The AUC of M2 was significantly larger than that of M3 (P=0.002), M4 (P<0.001), M5 (P=0.001), and M6 (P<0.001).

Conclusions

Quantitatively assessing TSS by taking the ratio of the cross-sectional area of TSS to that of the poststenotic segment might be a more efficient method for predicting the TPG.
Investigation of soil setup effects on pile response in clay considering overconsolidation ratio and installation method through physical modeling
Authors: Fakharian Kazem , Shafiei Morteza , Hafezan Salar
Published: October 2022

The main objective of this paper is investigation of clayey soil setup effects on axial “resistance” and “stiffness” of small-scale piles with special attention on “overconsolidation ratio” (OCR) and “installation method”. A consolidation chamber is developed and an instrumented model pile is either driven or jacked-in through saturated consolidated Kaolinite clay at different OCRs of 1.2 (normally consolidated, NC) and 4.8 (over consolidated, OC). The pile was static load tested at different time intervals of 1 h through 90 days. Higher pore pressures are induced during pile installation in NC compared to OC clay. The frictional resistance of OC soil is higher than NC at end of drive as well as end of setup in both driven and jacked-in piles. The frictional resistance of jacked-in piles is greater than driven piles at end of drive, but due to higher rate of setup, the long-term frictional resistance of driven piles is shown to be greater, attributed to more disturbance of the soil during installation of driven piles. Attempts are made to differentiate between the contributions of dissipation of excess pore pressure and non-pore pressure components for each consolidation condition and pile installation method. A relation is proposed to quantify the pile stiffness variations over time due to soil setup.
Quantum reversible circuits for $\mathrm{GF}(2^{8})$ multiplicative inverse
Authors: Luo Qing-bin , Yang Guo-wu , Li Xiao-yu , Li Qiang
Published: October 2022

The synthesis of quantum circuits for multiplicative inverse over $\operatorname{GF}(2^{8})$
GF
(

2

8

)
are discussed in this paper. We first convert the multiplicative inverse operation in $\operatorname{GF}(2^{8})$
GF
(

2

8

)
to arithmetic operations in the composite field $\operatorname{GF}((2^{4})^{2})$
GF
(

(

2

4

)

2

)
, and then discuss the expressions of the square calculation, the inversion calculation and the multiplication calculation separately in the finite field $\operatorname{GF}(2^{4})$
GF
(

2

4

)
, where the expressions of multiplication calculation in $\operatorname{GF}(2^{4})$
GF
(

2

4

)
are given directly in $\operatorname{GF}(2^{4})$
GF
(

2

4

)
and given through being transformed into the composite field $\operatorname{GF}((2^{2})^{2})$
GF
(

(

2

2

)

2

)
. Then the quantum circuits of these calculations are realized one by one. Finally, two quantum circuits for multiplicative inverse over $\operatorname{GF}(2^{8})$
GF
(

2

8

)
are synthesized. They both use 21 qubits, the first quantum circuit uses 55 Toffoli gates and 107 CNOT gates and the second one uses 37 Toffoli gates and 209 CNOT gates. As an example of the application of multiplication inverse, we apply these quantum circuits to the implementations of the S-box quantum circuit of the AES cryptographic algorithm. Two quantum circuits for implementing the S-box of the AES cryptographic algorithm are presented. The first quantum circuit uses 21 qubits, 55 Toffoli gates, 131 CNOT gates and 4 NOT gates and the second one uses 21 qubits, 37 Toffoli gates, 233 CNOT gates and 4 NOT gates. Through the evaluation of quantum cost, the two quantum circuits of the S-box of AES cryptographic algorithm use less quantum resources than the existing schemes.
Systematic investigation of the mechanical, electronic structure and optical properties of halide double perovskite Cs2BSbBr6 (B = Li, Na, K, Rb) with first-principles method
Authors: Yang Gui , Yao Yanhong , Geng HuiJuan , Zhang Jing , Yuan Di
Published: October 2022

Halide double perovskite Cs2BMX6 possesses excellent photoelectronic properties. The material properties would have been markedly influenced by the variant electronic structures if the chemical elements of B, M and X had been changed. In this paper, we have a systematic investigation on the mechanical, electronic structure and optical properties of Cs2BSbBr6 (B[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]Li, Na, K, Rb) using first-principles method. The results show that Cs2LiSbBr6 and Cs2NaSbBr6 are indirect band gap semiconductors, while Cs2KSbBr6 and Cs2RbSbBr6 are direct band gap semiconductors. The band gap values of Cs2BSbBr6 (B = Li, Na, K, Rb) are 2.81, 2.96, 3.37 and 3.36[Formula: see text]eV, respectively. It is worth noting that the band gap value of Cs2BSbBr6 increases with the increased atomic number of B (Li–Na–K–Rb) atoms. Due to the inter-band transition of electrons, the strong absorption spectrum occurs in the visible region. These physical and electronic properties of Cs2BSbBr6 provide references for the potential applications.
An efficient method to solve the Schrödinger equation with complex PT-symmetric potentials
Authors: Rouabhi F.-Z. , Ami I. , Mezhoud R. , Lombard R. J.
Published: October 2022

In this work, we present a simple and efficient method to compute numerically the eigenvalues of complex PT-symmetric Hamiltonian. Numerous works have been devoted to such Hamiltonians since the discovery that they admit totally or partially real spectra. To our knowledge, the method we are advocating has not been used in this context. Besides the determination of real eigenvalues, it allows us to observe the symmetry breaking and to calculate the imaginary parts of the energy.
Simulation-based heterogeneous pedestrian evacuation in subway stations
Authors: Jiang Hailong , Yang Xiaoxia , Yang Yi , Li Yongxing , Pan Fuquan , Kang Yuanlei , Ding Junhang
Published: October 2022

Pedestrian heterogeneity is one of the important factors affecting evacuation efficiency in subway stations. This paper mainly studies the impact of pedestrian heterogeneity on evacuation based on simulations. With the help of Massmotion, the Qingdao Jinggangshan Road subway station is modeled. The social force model is used as the pedestrian dynamics model and the minimum cost model is used as the decision-making mechanism of pedestrian path selection. The models are verified by comparing the field data with the corresponding simulation data. Fully considering the impact of different pedestrian attributes on evacuation efficiency, pedestrians are divided into three categories with different speed levels and three categories with different body size levels. Simulation experiments are carried out by adjusting the proportional relationship of the number of pedestrians with different attributes. The simulation results indicate that the larger the proportion of fast pedestrians under the same number of evacuees, the higher the evacuation efficiency to a certain extent. The evacuation efficiency could be reduced accordingly with the increase in the proportion of pedestrians with large body sizes. When the pedestrian density is large, the impact of pedestrian heterogeneity on evacuation cannot be clearly reflected. Moreover, the quantitative fitting relationship between evacuation time and pedestrian quantity could be obtained. This paper provides a theoretical basis for the determination of evacuation strategy for the heterogeneous crowd.
Synchrotron radiation from final doublet magnets in CEPC MDI
Authors: Bai Sha , Wang Yiwei , Zhu Yingshun , Yu Chenghui , Gao Jie
Published: October 2022

The Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC) is a proposed Higgs factory with center-of-mass energy of 240[Formula: see text]GeV to measure the properties of Higgs boson and test the standard model accurately. Synchrotron radiation (SR) generated from the final doublet (FD) magnets in the interaction region of CEPC double ring scheme is one of the typical issues. SR photons can contribute to the heat load of the beam pipe and cause photon background to the experiments. Furthermore, the radiation dose can damage detector components. In this paper, SR generated from FD magnets is analyzed when beam is with tails and offset. SR from the dipole leakage field of the FD superconducting magnets is also analyzed and the physics limit is given to protect the detector.
CEPC accelerator status and TDR progress highlights
Authors: Gao Jie
Published: October 2022

After Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC) Conceptual Design Report (CDR), in Technical Design Report (TDR) phase, CEPC accelerator optimization design continues not only with higher luminosity at Higgs energy, but also at different energies of tt-bar, W and Z-pole. In this paper, we give a status review of CEPC optimization design, and TDR hardware R&D progresses.
Spectroscopy of light baryons: Δ resonances
Authors: Menapara Chandni , Rai Ajay Kumar
Published: October 2022

The spectroscopy of light and strange baryons had been an important aspect with still unknown resonances and intrinsic baryonic properties. This paper focuses on the [Formula: see text] baryons treating [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] quarks with different constituent masses. The theoretical framework for calculating the resonance masses is hypercentral Constituent Quark Model (hCQM) with confining potential of the linear form. To account for the spin–orbit splitting in the correct order, first- and second-order corrections of the order [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] have been incorporated to the potential and spin-dependent term, respectively. The results obtained have been compared with many varied approaches as well as experimental available states. In addition to mass spectra, Regge trajectories for (n, [Formula: see text]) and ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]) have been plotted. The magnetic moment as well as transition magnetic moment have been calculated using effective quark mass. The radiative decay width has been studied for [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] channels.
Automatic Detection of Bridge Surface Crack Using Improved YOLOv5s
Authors: Yang Haoyan , Yang Lina , Wu Thomas , Meng Zuqiang , Huang Youju , Wang Patrick Shen-Pei , Li Peng , Li Xichun
Published: October 2022

Bridge crack detection is a key task in the structural health monitoring of Civil Engineering. In the traditional bridge crack detection methods, there exist some problems such as high cost, low speed, and complex structure. This paper developed a bridge surface crack detection system based on improved YOLOv5s. The GhostBottleneck module was employed to replace the classic C3 module of the YOLOv5s backbone network, meanwhile the channel attention module namely ECA-Net was also added to the network, which not only reduced the amount of calculation, but also enhanced the ability of the network in extracting cross-channel information features. The adaptive spatial feature fusion (ASFF) was introduced to address the conflict problem caused by the inconsistency of feature scale in the network feature fusion stage, and the transfer learning was utilized to train the network. The experimental results showed that the improved YOLOv5s performed better than Faster R-CNN, SSD, YOLOv3, and YOLOv5s, with the Precision of 93.6%, Recall of 95.4%, and mAP of 98.4%. Further, the improved YOLOv5s was deployed in PyQt5 to realize the real-time detection of bridge cracks. This research showed that the proposed model not only provides a novel solution for bridge surface crack detection, but also has certain industrial application value.
Analysis on Millimeter-Wave Channel Dispersion Over Nonreciprocal Beam Patterns Based on the Propagation-Graph Model
Authors: Zhang Jiachi , Liu Liu , Tan Zhenhui , Wang Kai
Published: October 2022

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) together with multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO)-enabled beamforming technology offers greater bandwidths than previously available and overcomes the high propagation loss. Nonreciprocal beam patterns, i.e., transceivers using beams with different beamwidths, can not only reduce the hardware cost but also make the beam alignment more efficient. In this paper, we use the propagation-graph (PG) model to fully investigate the channel characterization over nonreciprocal beam patterns at 45 GHz. Specifically, we propose a beam-enabled propagation-graph channel model by considering the spatial filter effect of beams. Moreover, the propagation gain of each path with certain angular information is filtered by the array response. Then, channel dispersions in delay and frequency domains are analyzed over nonreciprocal beam patterns. Simulation results reveal that the downlink in a macrocell scenario covers more important scatterers than those of the uplink, leading to an evident dispersion effect in delay, frequency, and angular domains consequently. Whereas, the uplink, with little or no dispersion effect, can be approximated as a line-of-sight (LoS) scenario with a single propagation path.
Fast Bipartite Synchronization of Complex Networks with Signed Graph Based on TS Fuzzy System by Fixed-Time Technique
Authors: Ruan Dongmei , Yang Shiju , Zhang Qin
Published: October 2022

This paper mainly discusses the problem of fast fixed-time bipartite synchronization in the complex networks with signed graph that is based on TS fuzzy system. By designing suitable and effective controller, the synchronization of the considered complex networks has been achieved successfully in this paper, whose convergence rate is superior to the great majority of existing results. With the assistance of a comparison system being built and using the theory of Lyapunov stability, this paper has established sufficient criteria successfully that are able to achieve fast fixed-time bipartite synchronization. And a numerical simulation example displays the performance of the obtained new results at the end of this paper.
Dimensionality Reduction with Weighted Voting Ensemble Classification Model Using Speech Data Based Parkinson’s Disease Diagnosis
Authors: Manjula A. , Vaishali P. K. , Pranitha P. , Kumar S. Ashok
Published: October 2022

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative illness that frequently affects phonation, articulation, fluency, and prosody of speech. Speech impairment is a major sign of PD which can be employed for the earlier identification of the disease and provide proper treatment. Besides, the machine learning (ML) models can be commonly employed for PD detection and classification by the use of speech data. Since the speech data has the features of maximum data redundancy, high aliasing, and small sample sizes, dimensionality reduction (DR) techniques become essential for effective PD diagnosis. Therefore, this paper presents a new DR with weighted voting ensemble classification (DR-WVEC) model for PD diagnosis. The presented DR-WVEC model operates on different stages such as pre-processing, DR, classification, and voting process. Primarily, the speech data undergoes min–max normalization process in order to normalize the speech data. Besides, linear discriminant analysis (LDA) technique is applied for reducing the dimensionality of the features. In addition, an ensemble of two ML models, namely extreme learning machine (ELM) and Adaboost models, is employed for classification. Finally, a weighted voting-based classification process is carried out where the integration of two ML models takes place and the highest outcome is chosen as the final results. In order to assess the effective PR diagnostic outcome, an extensive set of simulations were carried out on Parkinson’s telemonitoring dataset. The obtained experimental results reported the betterment of the DR-VWEC technique over the other compared methods in terms of different aspects.
Differential Input First-Order Universal Filter with Two DVCC+s
Authors: Unuk Tayfun , Yuce Erkan , Minaei Shahram
Published: October 2022

In this paper, a differential-input plus-type differential voltage current conveyor-based first-order universal filter is designed. This voltage-mode filter uses a grounded capacitor. In addition, it can provide all the noninverting and inverting first-order universal filter responses. The circuit provides high common-mode rejection ratio of about 76.5 dB. Nevertheless, it needs a single matching problem and comprises two floating resistors. Quadrature oscillator (QO) design is obtained using this filter as an application example. The designed filter and QO circuits are simulated through the SPICE program, and some experimental studies are carried out using AD844 ICs to verify the theory.
Flow computation with the Space–Time Isogeometric Analysis and higher-order basis functions in time
Authors: Liu Yang , Takizawa Kenji , Otoguro Yuto , Kuraishi Takashi , Tezduyar Tayfun E.
Published: October 2022

We present method-evaluation incompressible-flow computations with Space–Time Isogeometric Analysis (ST-IGA) and higher-order basis functions in time. The computational-methods platform is made of the ST Variational Multiscale (ST-VMS) method, the ST-IGA with IGA basis functions in space and time, and local length scales and stabilization parameters targeting isogeometric discretization. The computations are for 2D flow past a circular cylinder at Reynolds number 100, which has an easily discernible vortex shedding frequency and widely published lift and drag coefficients and Strouhal number. We compute with quadratic basis functions in space and polynomial orders of 1, 2, 3, and 4 in time, for four different time-step sizes, and with six different sets of expressions for the stabilization parameters. The computations yield a comprehensive set of method-evaluation data that can serve as reference. They also show computational-cost efficiency in using higher-order functions in time.
Isogeometric large-eddy simulations of turbulent particle-laden flows
Authors: Zhu Qiming , Zhu Minjiang , Yan Jinhui
Published: October 2022

In recent years, isogeometric analysis (IGA) has attracted significant attention from the computational mechanics community due to its ability to integrate design and analysis. Besides, IGA is also a higher-order discretization technique for solving partial differential equations, showing high approximation capability per degree of freedom. In this paper, we extend the application realm of IGA to particle-laden flows based on Eulerian–Eulerian description that couples Navier–Stokes equations with a density transport equation through a Boussinesq approximation. The coupled systems are solved by using quadratic non-uniform rational B-spline (NURBS) functions and a recently developed residual-based variational multiscale (VMS) formulation, which introduces coupling between the fine velocity scales and density equation residuals. We deploy the proposed approach to perform large-eddy simulations (LES) of dilute particle-laden flows over a flat surface at Reynolds number = 10,000. We compare the simulation results against direct numerical simulation (DNS) results from the literature. We find that combining VMS and IGA, the proposed approach enables accurate prediction of a wide range of flow/particle statistics with a relatively lower mesh resolution.
Gravitizing the quantum
Authors: Berglund Per , Hübsch Tristan , Mattingly David , Minic Djordje
Published: October 2022

We discuss a new approach to the problem of quantum gravity in which the quantum mechanical structures that are traditionally fixed, such as the Fubini–Study metric in the Hilbert space of states, become dynamical and so implement the idea of gravitizing the quantum. In particular, in this formulation of quantum gravity the quantum geometry is still consistent with the principles of unitarity and also captures fundamental aspects of (quantum) gravity, such as topology change. Furthermore, we address specific ways of testing this new approach to quantum gravity by utilizing multipath interference and optical lattice atomic clocks.
Nonrotating and rotating black hole solutions in f(R) = R − 2αR model
Authors: Li Ping , Liu Yong-Qiang , Zhai Xiang-Hua
Published: October 2022

In this paper, we present a detailed study of both nonrotating and rotating black hole solutions in [Formula: see text] model. The complicated expression of Ricci scalar, which appears in the vacuum field equations, brings the main difficulty of searching analytic solutions. In the case of searching nonrotating black hole solution, we use the 00 component minus 11 component of field equations to constrain the Ricci scalar. In order to obtain analytic solutions of rotating black hole, two strategies are used. One is the simplification of the line element using Carter’s consideration that the Klein–Gordon equation is separable. The other is that we give the general solutions of the simultaneous equations of 00 minus 11 component equation and 01 component of the field equations. These strategies greatly simplify the process and difficulty of solving the axisymmetric solutions. The calculation process is more friendly to generalize to other modified gravities.
Study of strange particle pT spectra in relativistic heavy-ion collisions with blast-wave model
Authors: Ristea Oana , Ristea Catalin , Jipa Alexandru
Published: October 2022

Boltzmann–Gibbs blast-wave model was used to analyze the transverse momentum distributions of strange hadrons ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text]) produced in most central Au+Au collisions at RHIC-BES energies. The kinetic freeze-out parameters for energies [Formula: see text][Formula: see text] are presented and discussed as a function of collision energy. The [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] BGBW fit results are similar within errors with the kinetic freeze-out parameters of bulk hadrons ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], p and [Formula: see text]). The multi-strange kinetic freeze-out parameters indicate that these hadrons tend to decouple earlier from the system than the bulk hadrons, having a smaller average transverse flow velocity.
Motzkin path decompositions of functionals in noncommutative probability
Authors: Lenczewski Romuald
Published: October 2022

We study the decomposition of free random variables in terms of their orthogonal replicas from a new perspective. First, we show that the mixed moments of orthogonal replicas with respect to the normalized linear functional [Formula: see text] are naturally described in terms of Motzkin paths identified with reduced Motzkin words [Formula: see text]. Using this fact, we demonstrate that the mixed moments of order [Formula: see text] of free random variables with respect to the free product of normalized linear functionals are sums of the mixed moments of the orthogonal replicas of these variables with respect to [Formula: see text] with summation extending over [Formula: see text], the set of reduced Motzkin paths of length [Formula: see text]. One of the applications of this formula is a decomposition formula for mixed moments of free random variables in terms of their boolean cumulants which corresponds to the decomposition of the lattice [Formula: see text] into sublattices [Formula: see text] of partitions which are monotonically adapted to colors in [Formula: see text]. The linear functionals defined by the mixed moments of orthogonal replicas and indexed by reduced Motzkin words play the role of a generating set of the space of product functionals in which the boolean product corresponds to constant Motzkin paths and the free product corresponds to all Motzkin paths.
Sufficient statistic and Rao–Blackwell theorem in quantum probability
Authors: Sinha Kalyan B.
Published: October 2022

In the decision-theoretic foundation of Classical Statistics, the idea and concept of a sufficient statistic play a central role. Here a parallel concept of a sufficient statistic in quantum probability is proposed and as a consequence, various levels of “quantum Rao–Blackwell theorem” are proven.
On the relationships between covariance and the decoherence-free subalgebra of a quantum Markov semigroup
Authors: Sasso Emanuela , Umanità Veronica
Published: October 2022

In this paper, we investigate if the presence of symmetries in the evolution of an open quantum system gives information about the invariant subspaces. Unfortunately, the answer is, in general, negative, but under suitable conditions we can observe that the representation through which we describe the symmetry determines a privileged family of orthogonal projections strongly correlated with the structure of the decoherence-free sub-algebra and, as a consequence, with harmonic projections.
Positivity of Gibbs states on distance-regular graphs
Authors: Voit Michael
Published: October 2022

We study criteria which ensure that Gibbs states (often also called generalized vacuum states) on distance-regular graphs are positive. Our main criterion assumes that the graph can be embedded into a growing family of distance-regular graphs. For the proof of the positivity we then use polynomial hypergroup theory and translate this positivity into the problem whether for [Formula: see text] the function [Formula: see text] has a positive integral representation w.r.t. the orthogonal polynomials associated with the graph. We apply our criteria to several examples. For Hamming graphs and the infinite distance-transitive graphs we obtain a complete description of the positive Gibbs states.
Deforming vertex algebras by vertex bialgebras
Authors: Jing Naihuan , Kong Fei , Li Haisheng , Tan Shaobin
Published: October 2022

This is a continuation of a previous study initiated by the third author on nonlocal vertex bialgebras and smash product nonlocal vertex algebras. In this paper, we study a notion of right [Formula: see text]-comodule nonlocal vertex algebra for a nonlocal vertex bialgebra [Formula: see text] and give a construction of deformations of vertex algebras with a right [Formula: see text]-comodule nonlocal vertex algebra structure and a compatible [Formula: see text]-module nonlocal vertex algebra structure. We also give a construction of [Formula: see text]-coordinated quasi modules for smash product nonlocal vertex algebras. As an example, we give a family of quantum vertex algebras by deforming the vertex algebras associated to non-degenerate even lattices.
The isoperimetric problem on Riemannian manifolds via Gromov–Hausdorff asymptotic analysis
Authors: Antonelli Gioacchino , Fogagnolo Mattia , Pozzetta Marco
Published: October 2022

In this paper, we prove the existence of isoperimetric regions of any volume in Riemannian manifolds with Ricci bounded below assuming Gromov–Hausdorff asymptoticity to the suitable simply connected model of constant sectional curvature. The previous result is a consequence of a general structure theorem for perimeter-minimizing sequences of sets of fixed volume on noncollapsed Riemannian manifolds with a lower bound on the Ricci curvature. We show that, without assuming any further hypotheses on the asymptotic geometry, all the mass and the perimeter lost at infinity, if any, are recovered by at most countably many isoperimetric regions sitting in some (possibly nonsmooth) Gromov–Hausdorff limits at infinity. The Gromov–Hausdorff asymptotic analysis allows us to recover and extend different previous existence theorems. While studying the isoperimetric problem in the smooth setting, the nonsmooth geometry naturally emerges, and thus our treatment combines techniques from both the theories.
MAMOM: Multicriteria Attribution Model for Online Marketing
Authors: Patricio Miguel A. , Berlanga Antonio , Palomero David , Molina José M.
Published: October 2022

One of the problems facing online marketing in omni-channel environments is efficient budget allocation to each channel. The complexity of this problem is greater in omni-channel environments due to the greater number of channels and the need to analyze data sources containing user interaction information. To solve this problem, different attribution models have been proposed to assign the weight that each channel has in the acquisition of a product, also known as conversion. Each of these attribution models adopts a strategy to define the weighting of channels. The decision-making strategy is established using the company’s expert knowledge, which can contain different criteria depending on the department to which the expert belongs. The aim of this research is to present a new multicriteria attribution model for online marketing (MAMOM) based on Analytical Hierarchical Process, that resolves this type of problem. MAMOM is a meta-model that takes as input information related to channel features, user interactions and even decisions from other strategies. This information is integrated to enable the integration of interdepartmental strategies as well as to obtain a dynamic attribution model based on expert interviews. The expert assessment procedure is carried out subjectively and simply with a pairwise assessment of the criteria, finally MAMOM obtains a final formulation to calculate the investment to be made in each channel if the experts’ opinions are considered. Results show that first five channels selected by the MAMOM are nearly identical to those that would be obtained with the traditional models but with a different sequence caused by experts’ knowledge. This result shows the capacity of MAMOM to factor in expert opinion and experience for making the investment outcome more aligned with the tactical and strategic objectives of a given online marketing campaign.
A Decision Support System for Project Portfolio Management in Construction Companies
Authors: Bilgin Gozde , Dikmen Irem , Birgonul M. Talat , Ozorhon Beliz
Published: October 2022

Project portfolio management requires a systematic process that comprises assessment of portfolio risk and expected profitability, as well as strategic fit of individual projects with company objectives. After a needs analysis based on literature findings and surveys with experts, in this study, a process model and a tool, COPPMAN (COnstruction Project Portfolio MANagement), were developed to support project portfolio decisions in construction companies. COPPMAN was developed in collaboration with construction professionals. Different from previous studies, it incorporates a portfolio risk and strategic fit assessment model considering project dependencies and integrates knowledge of previous, on-going and potential projects to estimate value of alternative project portfolios. COPPMAN was implemented in a construction company and evaluated as a useful tool due to its features such as knowledge integration, forecasting of portfolio profitability and recommendation of strategies as well as its visualization features. Research design and findings can be used for development of similar tools in other project-based industries.
Measuring the Value of Different Types of Product Information in the Electronic Retail of Books
Authors: Halme Merja , Tiilikainen Sanna , Weck Eija
Published: October 2022

The value of different kinds of book information in electronic retail is measured using best–worst scaling, an approach making the respondent consider several information items simultaneously and choose the most and least preferred among them. Our respondents are both customers using municipal libraries and students. Theory on digital nativity, Hierarchical Bayes estimation and Latent Class analysis are used to study the heterogeneity of the preferences. Customer reviews give the most valuable information on an average. Especially digital immigrants rely more on samples, expert reviews, author presentations, blogs, and friends’ ratings. Preference clusters were identified where the extremes groups were those who highly valued peer information but not expert information and those who valued them vice versa. Customer reviews are appreciated by almost everyone, regardless of their state of digital nativity. The electronic retailer should make all efforts to provide the personalized information when the customer is browsing books online and offer a rich set of customer reviews.
Opinion Mining Using Normal Discriminant Piecewise Regressive (NDPR) Sentiment Classification Technique
Authors: Anuradha K. , Krishna M. Vamsi , Mallik Banitamani
Published: October 2022

Sentiment analysis through opinion mining is determined through significant and growing interest for many industries including hotel, tourism, educations and so on. Sentiment analysis includes design of the system to search the user opinions in blog posts, comments, reviews or tweets regarding the product, policy or area. Many researchers carried out their research on opinion mining to identify the polarity of the statements. But the main problem during opinion mining is that the words chosen do not solve attribute relevancy and could not classify the positive and negative usage of uncertain terms. In order to address these problems, normal discriminant piecewise regressive (NDPR) sentiment classification technique is introduced. NDPR technique perform three processes, namely, pre-processing, feature extraction and classification to improve the accuracy level through forming classes (i.e., positive, neutral and negative) based on the extracted words from user review comments. Initially, NDPR technique performs the data pre-processing task for stemming and removing the stop words from review statements to reduce the file size that in turn improves the efficiency. After that, normal discriminant feature extraction process is carried out in NDPR technique to extract the opinion word from the review statements sent by reviewers. The related opinion words are systematized for their semantic equivalence of sentiment based on extracted word. This helps to reduce the time consumption to extract the opinions from reviewers. Finally, piecewise regressive sentiment classification (PRSC) process is carried out in NDPR technique to analyse the semantic opinion words for evaluating the sentiment class label. The sentiment class labels are categorized into positive, neutral and negative sentiments with the user review comments. This in turn helps to reduce the time consumption to extract the opinions from reviewers and to improve the review detection accuracy. The performance evaluation of NDPR technique is carried out with standard benchmark datasets of consumer product and services reviews extracted. The parameters used in evaluation are number of customer review words, accuracy, time complexity (TC) and false positive rate. Experimental analysis shows that NDPR technique reduces the time to extract the opinions from reviewers and false positive rate.
Nonlinear optical imaging by detection with optical parametric amplification (invited paper)
Authors: Sun Yi , Tu Haohua , Boppart Stephen A.
Published: October 2022

Nonlinear optical imaging is a versatile tool that has been proven to be exceptionally useful in various research fields. However, due to the use of photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), the wide application of nonlinear optical imaging is limited by the incapability of imaging under ambient light. In this paper, we propose and demonstrate a new optical imaging detection method based on optical parametric amplification (OPA). As a nonlinear optical process, OPA intrinsically rejects ambient light photons by coherence gating. Periodical poled lithium niobate (PPLN) crystals are used in this study as the media for OPA. Compared to bulk nonlinear optical crystals, PPLN crystals support the generation of OPA signal with lower pump power. Therefore, this characteristic of PPLN crystals is particularly beneficial when using high-repetition-rate lasers, which facilitate high-speed optical signal detection, such as in spectroscopy and imaging. A PPLN-based OPA system was built to amplify the emitted imaging signal from second harmonic generation (SHG) and coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy imaging, and the amplified optical signal was strong enough to be detected by a biased photodiode under ordinary room light conditions. With OPA detection, ambient-light-on SHG and CARS imaging becomes possible, and achieves a similar result as PMT detection under strictly dark environments. These results demonstrate that OPA can be used as a substitute for PMTs in nonlinear optical imaging to adapt it to various applications with complex lighting conditions.
GCR-Net: 3D Graph convolution-based residual network for robust reconstruction in cerenkov luminescence tomography
Authors: Li Weitong , Du Mengfei , Chen Yi , Wang Haolin , Su Linzhi , Yi Huangjian , Zhao Fengjun , Li Kang , Wang Lin , Cao Xin
Published: October 2022

Cerenkov Luminescence Tomography (CLT) is a novel and potential imaging modality which can display the three-dimensional distribution of radioactive probes. However, due to severe ill-posed inverse problem, obtaining accurate reconstruction results is still a challenge for traditional model-based methods. The recently emerged deep learning-based methods can directly learn the mapping relation between the surface photon intensity and the distribution of the radioactive source, which effectively improves the performance of CLT reconstruction. However, the previously proposed deep learning-based methods cannot work well when the order of input is disarranged. In this paper, a novel 3D graph convolution-based residual network, GCR-Net, is proposed, which can obtain a robust and accurate reconstruction result from the photon intensity of the surface. Additionally, it is proved that the network is insensitive to the order of input. The performance of this method was evaluated with numerical simulations and in vivo experiments. The results demonstrated that compared with the existing methods, the proposed method can achieve efficient and accurate reconstruction in localization and shape recovery by utilizing three-dimensional information.
Fabrication of Pd–Ni/Au nanoshelled microsphere array for electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol
Authors: Zhang Qitao , Zhao Jianwei , Qin Lirong , Li Junxian , Tang Xiaolan , Xu Yingying
Published: October 2022

Pd–Ni/Au nanoshelled microsphere arrays with different Pd–Ni atomic ratios were successfully synthesized using the etched monolayer colloidal spheres as templates. Morphology and composition characterizations indicated that the prepared products consisted of polystyrene cores of Au and Pd–Ni metallic nanoshells with an overall diameter of 450 nm. Electrochemical measurements in an alkaline solution showed that the Pd–Ni/Au catalyst with Pd:Ni = 4:1 atomic ratio demonstrated an optimal catalytic activity with the peak current of 59.4 mA[Formula: see text], the lower oxidation peak potential and the higher stability. These results could be ascribed to the enhanced surface area which increased the number of electrocatalytic active sites, and the electronic interaction between Pd and Ni. This work provides new opportunities for the rational design of microsphere array catalysts for enhancing the catalytic performance in fuel cells.
Alternative Model of Hydrogen Atom and its Mathematical Verification
Authors: Liang Huan
Published: October 2022

Based on Bohr’s model of hydrogen atom, the main purpose of this paper is to propose a new hypothesis for the model of hydrogen atom and perform mathematical calculations and verifications using experimental values and physical constants. The new model can not only provide the explanations that the existing theories failed to provide, but also can be used to construct neutrons, atomic nuclei, and individual atoms and molecules by involving only electrons and protons and their interactions. This means we only need to know how single electron and proton interact with each other, then we can establish a full model of hydrogen atom, and then we can establish other atomic nuclei. After all, all matter in the universe is made from hydrogen atoms through nuclear fusion.
Historical changes in mollusc communities from a temperate chenier ridge system (Mont-Saint-Michel Bay, France)
Authors: Poirier Clément , Caline Bruno , Fournier Jérôme , Tessier Bernadette
Published: October 2022

Coarse-grained chenier ridges contain abundant mollusc shells that help to reconstruct the evolution of marine ecosystems throughout the Holocene, but few temperate environments have been studied. Historical surveys of the mollusc death assemblages sampled in a chenier ridge system from the southern English Channel were compared. Present-day active ridges provide a regional-scale, time-averaged signal of the subtidal mollusc diversity. Back-barrier fossil ridges dated to the Early Medieval Period document pre-industrial baseline conditions. Shellfish farming and invasive species had little impact on mollusc death assemblages recovered from active ridges so far. However, detection of these recent changes is delayed due to taphonomic inertia as shell ages can span more than 1000 years, even in active ridges. Differences in taxonomic and functional composition between fossil and present-day ridges show a decline in grazing and carnivorous species related to macrophytobenthic habitats (seagrass beds and macroalgal belts) and a shift towards a suspensivore-dominated community. The study confirms water temperature as a major driver of ecological change in the English Channel, as warm-water species are more common in present-day ridges. Shelly chenier ridges are useful records of ecological changes in coastal environments that offer a temporal coverage far exceeding that of long-term ecosystem monitoring studies.
Leveraging Earth science research for effective sustainability policy and territorial management in the Chablais UNESCO Global Geopark (France)
Authors: Justice Sophie C.
Published: October 2022

This article shows how the process of undertaking geoscience research can enrich public knowledge and appreciation of Earth science methods, concepts and systems. Place-based organizations such as UNESCO Global Geoparks (UGGps) act as moderators between researchers and territorial stakeholders in order to foster greater sensibility around geosciences and society. Policy and actions to address sustainable development, climate change and biodiversity issues are being developed rapidly, but generally geoscience contributions and the part they play are not explicitly presented. The Chablais UGGp developed an approach to improve public and stakeholder Earth science literacy. The methodology was tested in three research projects where the UGGp moderated between researchers and local stakeholders. It further leveraged the research activity to a wider public through diverse communication channels and activities. The experience demonstrated that active participation in research projects enabled politicians to develop greater Earth science understanding and a heightened awareness of its relevance to society. This geoscience literacy enables decision makers to deliver a deeper, more integrated territorial management and sustainable development that is inclusive of Earth sciences.