bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of fracture of cast aluminum-matrix composite materials with various fillers under shock loading conditions
Authors:   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Chen Yijin , Kurganova Yu. A. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Plokhikh A. I. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Karpukhin S. D. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Shcherbakov S. P. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University
Published: January 2021

Aluminum-matrix composite materials based on commercial aluminum AD0 have been investigated. SiC powder, whiskers and Al2O3 nanofibers were chosen as fillers. It was found out that the selected fillers slightly increase density and have the modifying effect on the microstructure. The maximum grain refinement (by 35.3%) was achieved in the composite modified with Al2O3 nanofibers. This composite exhibits a quasi-brittle fracture pattern and the greatest fracture work.
Clinic-as-Classroom Program: Preparing Students for the Transition to Clinical Placements
Authors: Naumann Fiona , Mullins Robert , Holland Justin , McWilliam Andrew , Best Tania , Raymond Jacqueline
Published: January 2021

Background: Clinical placements are invaluable for preparing students for their professional role and assisting the transition to practice. In order to thrive, it is the responsibility of universities to ensure students are prepared. The aim of this study was to examine the student response to learning within a university clinic-as-classroom educational program, for building self-perceived confidence to perform the competencies of clinical exercise physiology practice, prior to their first clinical placement. A secondary aim was to identify any learning areas that required further emphasis within the curriculum.

Methods: This study was a prospective cohort study, assessing the change in confidence of 80 final year exercise physiology students to perform the competency of practice.

Results: The study achieved an 87% response rate. Baseline data indicated students were confident to behave professionally, be reflective, work in teams, adapt to practice setting, ensure a safe exercise environment, and manage personal risk. Across the clinic-as-classroom program students reported a significant growth in confidence in 4 elements of competency: communication of data; placing the clinical exercise physiologist's role in the wider healthcare context; designing client centered exercise interventions; and integrating pathology into the program planning and delivery.

Conclusion: The clinic-as-classroom educational program allowed novice students to become increasingly confident in the clinical environment in a low-risk, authentic, and supportive learning environment. A key recommendation was to embed the additional elements of clinical exercise physiology practice across the course and clinic-as-classroom curriculum to increase student preparedness for placement.
The State of Clinical Exercise Physiology in the United States
Authors: Berry Robert B. , Neric Francis , Dwyer Gregory B.
Published: January 2021

The current state of the profession of clinical exercise physiology in the United States is that of evolution. Individuals now identified as clinical exercise physiologists (CEPs) first emerged in health care in the nascent cardiac rehabilitation programs in the late 1960s and have remained strongly identified in that role ever since. However, the profession has had difficulty expanding into other similar areas, largely due to the lack of standardized academic preparation. This contributes to uncertainty and confusion among other health care providers regarding appropriate roles and responsibilities for a CEP. Future directions for the profession of clinical exercise physiology include requiring certification candidates to graduate from accredited programs so the academic preparation becomes standardized. The American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) is currently investigating modifying the eligibility criteria for the ACSM-CEP certification to address this requirement. The Clinical Exercise Physiology Association is currently assembling a writing team to draft a CEP scope of practice document for the support and endorsement of other professional organizations The last item is the strengthening or creation of liaisons with other professions to develop a collaborative care model that takes full advantage of the skillset CEPs bring to chronic disease management.
PENERAPAN PEMBELAJARAN JARAK JAUH (PJJ) DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Hutabarat Kristin Mars
Published: January 2021

Pandemi Covid-19 mengakibatkan banyak sekali dampak terhadap berbagai bidang baik itu bidang kesehatan, ketenagakerjaan, ekonomi maupun pendidikan. Berbagai upaya telah dilakukan Pemerintah demi tetap terjalannya aktivitas-aktivitas pada bidang yang terdampak oleh wabah Covid-19 secara langsung maupun tidak langsung. Mulai dari memperbaharui hingga menciptakan sesuatu yang baru pun dibuat, seperti halnya pada dunia Pendidikan yang sudah tidak asing lagi kita dengar yakni penerapan Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh (PJJ).
Pendidikan Masa Kini Pendidikan pembelajaran daring tengah pandemi covid 19
Authors: SURYANI HELMI
Published: January 2021

Pendidikan pada dasarnya adalah kegiatan belajar dan mengajar yang dilakukan secara turun temurun berdasarkan perkembangan pengetahuan melalui pengajaran,pelatihan,dan penelitian. Pada umumnya sarana pendidikan terdapat beberapa tahapan mulai dari pendidikan usia dini atau prasekolah , sekolah dasar, sekolah menengah, dan perguruan tinggi. Pendidikan adalah alat untuk mengembangkan diri, mental, pola pikir dan juga kualitas diri seseorang yang menjadi hambatan dalam pembelajaran.Jika orang yang sudah dibekali ilmu saja terbukti masih ada atau bahkan banyak yang mengalami kegagalan, lalu bagaimana dengan mereka yang tidak dibekali ilmu sama sekali. Maka mereka akan kesulitan dalam mengembangkan hal-hal yang diminatinya dengan tujuan untuk mendapatkan kehidupan yang lebih baik.Pandemi Covid-19 yang melanda dunia sudah lebih dari enam bulan terakhir ini bahkan mengalami perubahan aktifitas belajar-mengajar. Tak hanya terkecuali di negeri ini, sejak medio Maret aktifitas pembelajaran daring (online learning) menjadi sebuah pilihan kementerian pendidikan dan kebudayaan untuk mencegah penyebaran virus Covid-19 semakin meluas hingga saat ini .
APPROACHES AND STEPS IN ESP COURSE DESIGN
Authors: -- Muthmainnah , Octaberlina Like Raskova , Lubis Nenni Dwi Aprianti
Published: January 2021

This paper discusses how ESP (English for Specific Purposes) course design has developed into one of the most trending EFL teaching fields since the early 1960s. It's a phenomenon that has grown out of a number of other course designs. To date we have come across a huge range of course offers in the ESP field. each course has its own teaching area and has a design or approach to running the course. This paper aims to find out what kind of approach and design is contained or used in each ESP course that integrates all the needs of the course. It is about how to integrate the three components of needs analysis, PSA, TSA, and LSA, and integrated sources of data holders, students, teachers, and experts. Each step of the structured approach will integrate all the components required in an ESP course.
Potential Autoimmunity of SARS CoV-2 RNA and Adenovirus Vectored Based Vaccines: A Call for an Immediate Suspension of Pfizer-BioNTech Vaccine.
Authors: Kelleni Mina
Published: January 2021

This preprint has been published: https://juniperpublishers.com/ijoprs/IJOPRS.MS.ID.555658.php Nucleic acid-based vaccination, after its rapid approval, is considered first of its kind to be licensed for commercial use in humans. However, adenovirus vectored, and RNA based SARS CoV-2 vaccines possess a potential risk to induce auto-immune diseases and autoimmune myocarditis might be the reason for sudden death encountered in some cases. Thus, a strict system for post marketing surveillance must be secured to report any encountered serious adverse effect and the techniques used in development of these types of vaccines should focus on innovative methods to decrease their potential autoimmunity. Importantly, Smokers, obese and diabetic individuals are in general more liable to develop auto-immune diseases and an individualized risk benefit ratio should be considered before vaccination. Meanwhile, quitting smoking, loss of overweight and control of blood glucose level might prove beneficial to lower the incidence of the potential autoimmunity. However, since most of the serious adverse effects and fatalities are reported with the Pfizer-BioNTech SARS CoV-2 mRNA and an academic criticism of its design has been preprinted, we call for an immediate suspension of its use until properly investigated and compared to its counterparts.
Tantangan Guru dalam Proses Pembelajaran Daring di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Annisa Aulia
Published: January 2021

Sejak Februari 2020 yang lalu, Indonesia dan seluruh dunia digemparkan dengan merebaknya pandemi Covid-19. Berbagai aktivitas kehidupan manusia yang sebelumnya berlangsung normal harus berubah secara drastis dan signifikan mengikuti berbagai peraturan yang ditetapkan oleh Pemerintah guna mengurangi penyebaran virus corona ini. Semua kegiatan masyarakat harus dilakukan dan dilaksanakan dari rumah, seperti bekerja, bersekolah, beribadah, dan lainnya. Masyarakat diwajibkan mengikuti semua peraturan dan protokol kesehatan yang ditetapkan oleh Pemerintah dan Badan Kesehatan Dunia (WHO), dan harus menjalani kehidupan dengan tataran normal baru. Tentu saja hal ini mengubah segala aspek kehidupan manusia.
English or Vietnamese
Authors: Ho Manh-Toan
Published: January 2021

Influential works can be in any shape or form.
Mengidentifikasi Sistem Operasi
Authors: Dewioktavia Abriani
Published: January 2021

Materi ini membahas tentang Sistem Operasi
Understanding the structure of the operating system and the various operating system structures that have been tried
Authors: Rahayu Erna Cucu
Published: January 2021

Struktur sistem operasi adalah suatu sistem operasi modern yang besar dan kompleks sehingga strukturnya harus di rancang dengan hati-hati, teliti, dan saksama supaya dapat berfungsi seperti yang di inginkan dan dapat di modifikasi dengan mudah.Struktur sistem operasi merupakan komponen-komponen sistem operasi yang dihubungkan dan dibentuk di dalam kernel.
SCG5 is a differentially expressed gene in human metastatic breast cancer, in the brain and in the lymph nodes.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: January 2021

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that secretogranin V, encoded by SCG5, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain and lymph node metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer. SCG5 mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of SCG5 in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient distant metastasis-free survival in patients with breast cancer. Modulation of SCG5 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain while evading immune clearance in the lymph nodes in humans with metastatic breast cancer. These data are one piece of evidence suggesting a common ancestor or tumor clone for brain and lymph node metastases that originate from the primary tumor, alluding to patterns in developmental origin and migratory pathways through the lymph node in human brain metastatic breast cancer.
DZIP3 is a differentially expressed gene in human metastatic breast cancer, in the brain and in the lymph nodes.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: January 2021

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that the DAZ interacting zinc finger protein 3, encoded by DZIP3, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain and lymph node metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer. DZIP3 mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of DZIP3 in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient overall survival in patients with breast cancer. Modulation of DZIP3 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain while evading immune clearance in the lymph nodes in humans with metastatic breast cancer. These data are one piece of evidence suggesting a common ancestor or tumor clone for brain and lymph node metastases that originate from the primary tumor, alluding to patterns in developmental origin and migratory pathways through the lymph node in human brain metastatic breast cancer.
MENJADI GURU 'MODIIS' DI MASA PANDEMI
Authors: Sari Ruva Winda
Published: January 2021

Tantangan dunia pendidikan dimasa pandemi covid-19 menjadi fenomena yang menarik. Faktanya seluruh satuan pendidikan mau tidak mau harus melaksanakan Pembelajaran jarak jauh. Kreatifitas, inovasi dan penguasaan terhadap teknologi menjadi keharusan bagi tenaga pendidik (guru).
FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI MINAT BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Rizki Muhammad
Published: January 2021

Belajar merupakan sebuah kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh manusia untuk merubah diri mereka yang sebelumnya tidak tahu menjadi tahu, dari kesamaran menjadi jelas. Kegiatan belajar berlangsung sepanjang hayat, yang mana setiap yang ada di sekitar manusia bisa dijadikan sebagai pelajaran. Dalam pelaksanaan proses belajar tidak terlepas dari faktor atau pengaruh yang datang yang merangsang cepat atau lambatnya proses belajar tersebut.
INCENP is a differentially expressed gene in human metastatic breast cancer, in the brain and in the lymph nodes.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: January 2021

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that the inner centromere protein, encoded by INCENP, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain and lymph node metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer. INCENP mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of INCENP in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient distant metastasis-free survival in patients with breast cancer. Modulation of INCENP expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain while evading immune clearance in the lymph nodes in humans with metastatic breast cancer. These data are one piece of evidence suggesting a common ancestor or tumor clone for brain and lymph node metastases that originate from the primary tumor, alluding to patterns in developmental origin and migratory pathways through the lymph node in human brain metastatic breast cancer.
FAM3B is a differentially expressed gene in brain metastatic human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: January 2021

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that family with sequence similarity 3, member B, encoded by FAM3B, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. FAM3B mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of FAM3B in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient recurrence-free survival. Modulation of FAM3B expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
Kreativitas Guru Ditengah Keterbatasan Sarana dan Prasarana Pendidikan
Authors: Nurfasha Sy. Rizani
Published: January 2021

Tugas guru yaitu membimbing anak didik dalam masa perkembangannya untuk menjadi orang yang dewasa. Dewasa dalam konteks ini adalah orang yang mempunyai keimanan, keilmuan yang mapan, dan berakhlak mulia. Dalam menjalankan tugas sebagai seorang guru tentu ada saja hambatan atau permasalahan yang akan dihadapi. Permasalahan pendidikan yang terjadi di indonesia adalah masalah kurangnya sarana prasarana pendidikan terutama didaerah-daerah terpencil. Hal ini menimbulkan kesenjangan dalam mutu pendidikan. Banyak sekali peserta didik yang tidak bisa menikmati fasilitas sarana dan prasarana yang sama dengan peserta didik yang ada di kota. Namun, ditengah keterbatasan tersebut, tentunya sebagai seorang guru kita tidak patah semangat dan mengabaikan tugas sebagai seorang pendidik. Seorang guru harus memiliki sifat yang profesional, berkompeten serta dapat mengikuti perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi. Oleh karena itu, seorang guru yang profesional dituntut harus bisa kreatif ditengah adanya keterbatasan seperti kurangnya fasilitas atau sarana prasarana yang ada di suatu sekolah. Guru harus bisa memutar otak bagaimana caranya agar siswa dapat tetap belajar sesuai dengan perkembangan teknologi walaupun ditengah keterbatasan. Sehingga, setiap anak yang ada di Indonesia dapat tetap mengemban pendidikan sebagaimana semestinya.
Metode Belajar Berbasis e-learning
Authors: Sherly
Published: January 2021

Pendidikan mempunyai peranan yang sangat strategis dalammempersiapkangenerasipenerusyangmemilikipengetahuandankecerdasanyangtinggisertamemahamiberbagaikeahlianyangkompoten.Namunpadamasa wabah pandemicovid-19 memaksa guru berinovasimemanfaatkanteknologiinformasi(IT)untukmelaksanakanprosespembelajaran.Pembelajaranberbasisteknologiinidisebute-learningyangmerupakankegiatanpembelajaranyangmemanfaatkanjaringan(internet,LAN,WAN)sebagaimetodepenyampaian,interaksi,dan fasilitasyang didukung dariberbagailayanan belajarsepertiaplikasiberbasismediayangbisadimanfaatkansepertiyoutube,whatsapp,telegram,discord,twitter,classroom,zoom,email,google meetdan masihbanyaklagi.
Artikel Pendidikan dan Pengajaran"Peran Guru dalam Meningkatkan Minat Belajar Siswa Pada Masa Pandemi"
Authors: Yasa Nuha Amatullah
Published: January 2021

Peran guru secara umum adalah sebagai tugas pendidik meliputi mendidik, mengajar, dan melatih. Peran guru dalam menjalankan tugas di sekolah harus dapat menjadikan dirinya sebagai orang tua kedua dan mampu menarik simpati para siswa
Tocilizumab, Remdesivir, Favipiravir and Dexamethasone Repurposed for COVID-19: The Risk Benefit Ratio at a Glance.
Authors: Kelleni Mina
Published: January 2021

This preprint has been peer reviewed, updated and published: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s42399-021-00824-4 In this manuscript, we discuss the expectations versus the real word results of four repurposed COVID-19 drugs; tocilizumab, remdesivir, favipiravir and dexamethasone from a pharmacovigilant point of view. We recommend considering a personalized risk benefit ratio before a decision is made using any of these drugs. We suggest that though the results of phase III clinical trials have been less than expected; tocilizumab might have a potential to treat some critical cases of COVID-19. On the contrary, remdesivir, though its FDA approval, together with favipiravir are least likely to benefit COVID-19 patients. Finally, we recommend that the RECOVERY dexamethasone should only be further investigated and to be considered only for critical cases of hospitalized COVID-19 patients and we urge physicians in the developing countries to avoid and stop using it in mild-moderate COVID-19 cases.
Pembentukan Karakter Peserta Didik Dalam Pendidikan Islam
Authors: Delvi
Published: January 2021

pendidikan karakter penting dalam dunia pendidikan, hal ini berkaitan dengan fenomena dekadensi moral yang terjadi ditengah-tengah masyarakat maupun lingkungan pemerintah yang semakin meningkat dan beragam. Kriminalitas, ketidak adilan, korupsi, kekerasan pada anak, pelanggaran HAM, menjadi bukti bahwa telah terjadi krisis jati diri dan karakteristik pada bangsa Indonesia. Budi pekerti luhur, kesantunan dan relegiusitas yang dijunjung tinggi dan menjadi budaya bangsa Indonesia selama ini seakan-akan menjadi terasa asing dan jarang ditemui ditengah-tengah masyarakat. Pendidikan karakter upaya untuk membantu perkembangan jiwa anak-anak baik lahir maupun batin, dari sifat kodratnya menuju kearah peradaban. Yang manusia yang lebih baik. Sebagai conroh dapat ditemukan minsalnya anjuran atau suruhan terhadap anak-anak untuk duduk yang baik tidak berteriak-teriak agar tidak mengganggu orang lain, bersih badan, rapi pakaian, hormat terhadap yang tua, menyayangi yang muda, menghormato irang tua, menolong teman, dan seterusnya merupakan pendidikan berkarakter. Pendidikan bagi kehidupan manusia merupakan kebutuhan primer atau mutlak yang harus dipenuhi sepanjang hayat tanpa pendidikan mustahil suatu kelompok manusia dapat hidup berkelanjutan denan cita-cita untuk maju, sejahtera dan bahagia menurut konsep pandangan hidup. Pendidikan secara umum adalah usaha sadar manusia untuk menumbuhjan dan mengembangkan potensi-potensi pembawaan baik jasmani maupun roha I sesuai dengan nilai-nilai yang ada didalam masyarakat dan agama. Perkembangan zaman didunia pendidikan yang terus berubah signifikan sehingga banyak merubah pola piker pendidikan dari pola piker awam dan kaku menjadi lebih modern. Hal tersebut sangat berpengaruh dalam kemajuan pendidikan diindonesia. Karena pentingnya pembentukkan karakter ini utuk membentuk generasi bintang yang kelak mewarisi dan menjaga bangsa ini.
Guru yang Berwawasan Luas Menjadi Pembentuk Karakter Peserta Didik
Authors: Sari Nopita
Published: January 2021

Guru disebut juga pendidik dan pengajar, tetapi kita tahu tidak semua pendidik adalah guru, sebab guru adalah suatu jabatan professional yang pada hakekatnya memerlukan persyaratan keterampilan tekhnis dan sikap kepribadian tertentu yang semuanya itu dapat diperoleh melalui proses belajar mengajar dan latihan. Dalam menyambut era glo-balisasi, guru diharapkan tidak hanya sekadar mengajar. Namun, guru atau dosen, harus mempersiapkan diri untuk meningkatkan kemampuan menjadi profesionalisme dan memiliki wawasan yang luas. Hal itu disampaikan Ketua Komite II DPD RI Parlindugan Purba pada seminar 'Pening-katan Kompetensi Guru Dalam Menghadapi Tantangan Global' di Universitas Sari Mutiara (USM) Indonesia bertempat di Hall Ign Washington Purba, baru-baru ini. Menurutnya, yang juga Ketua Yayasan Sari Mutiara, ada 3 hal untuk berhasil. Pertama, kemauan, lalu kemampuan dan kesempatan Kemampuan yaitu tehnical skill dan communiation skill. Tiap guru dan dosen harus mempunyai itu. Kalau hebat, mau tapi tidak ada kesempatan, gak ada artinya," ujarnya.Rektor Universitas Sari Mu-tiara (USM) Indonesia Ivan Eli-sabeth Purba menyam-pai-kan, melalui MoU dengan Uni-versitas Negeri Me-dan (Uni-med), diharapkan USM bisa cepat maju melalui visi kom-peten dan unggul di Sumut.Menurut Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, karakter adalah sifat-sifat kejiwaan, akhlak, budi pekerti yang membedakan seseorang dari yang lain. Karakter adalh nilai-nilai unik yang terpateri dalam diri dan terejawantahkan dalam perilaku. Karakter secara koheren memancar dari hasil pola pikir, olah hati, olah rasa dan karsa serta olahraga seseorang atau sekelompok orang. Maka dari itu guru yang memiliki wawasan luas akan membentuk karakter peserta didik.
SARS CoV-2 Replication Attributed to Guanylate kinase 1: A SWOT Analysis
Authors: Kelleni Mina
Published: January 2021

A recent interesting study has suggested that guanylate kinase 1 (GK1) plays a crucial role in SARS CoV-2 replication and recommended to test GK 1 inhibitors for invitro experiments. We are providing a concise strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis while discussing guanylate kinase physiological function, pharmacological importance. Importantly, we argue that though this hypothesis might prove valid, GK 1 inhibitors are very unlikely, at least for the short term, to be beneficial in clinical management of COVID-19. However, we recommend conducting focused genetic studies to test their suggested hypothesis as it might add to our knowledge of some COVID-19 encountered idiosyncratic morbidity and mortality outcomes.
Guideline for Electricity Generation from Hot Springs (Natural Energy Storage Systems): A Techno-enviro-economic Assessment
Authors: Ghoddousi Saeed , Rezaie Behnaz , Ghandehariun Samane
Published: January 2021

The scattered hot springs on the globe are natural thermal energy storages that are available for industrial and recreational advantages. A hot spring is a hydrothermal system that can be used for power generation purposes as well as deep-well geothermal plants. Harnessing energy from hot springs is a practical approach for a future with sustainable power supply. Therefore, there is a demand for a comprehensive study for the estimation of power generation capacity of hot springs based on their mass flow rate and temperature. A techno-enviro-economic study is conducted to estimate the power generation capacity of hot springs as a heat source of the organic Rankine cycle. The organic Rankine cycle plant is modeled and simulated for various temperatures and mass flow rates of hot springs in the present study. The impacts of the temperature and mass flow rate of hot springs on the technical and economic aspects of the power generation plants are investigated. For the hot springs with temperature and discharge mass flow rate from 60 to 90 ◦C and 5 to 50 kg/s, respectively, the power generation capacity alters from 9.3 kW to 303 kW and the levelized energy cost is from 0.02 $/kWh to 0.11 $/kWh. The results indicate that the hot springs with a higher temperature and discharge mass flow rate have a higher thermal efficiency and power generation capacity for the organic Rankine cycle plant while payback period, levelized energy cost, and specific investment cost shrink. The hot springs with higher temperatures and/or larger discharge mass flow rates are financially ideal candidates for initiating the power generation plants.
An overview of solutions for airborne viral transmission reduction related to HVAC systems including liquid desiccant air-scrubbing
Authors: Giampieri Alessandro , Ling-Chin Janie , Ma Zhiwei , Roskilly Anthony Paul , Smallbone Andrew J.
Published: January 2021

The world is facing on-going challenges due to the spread of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, which is affecting the health of people worldwide and the economy of countries. Social distancing, lockdown and quarantine measures have been implemented globally to limit the spread of the virus with a profound impact on people’s lives. These are interventions which are not considered to be permanent and reproducible in the long-term. As more evidence is growing around the airborne transmission routes of the virus, as previously identified for other viruses such as tuberculosis, measles, influenza and coronaviruses, the role of heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems in buildings, enclosed spaces and public transport in limiting the transmission of airborne pathogens has become a topic of significant relevance. Although the HVAC strategies recommended by professional engineering associations are capable of minimising the transmission of airborne pathogens, they are also responsible for an increase in energy consumption and possibly in a reduction of thermal comfort for occupants. The objective of the study is to review the role of HVAC in airborne viral transmission, to estimate the energy penalty associated with the implementation of the main HVAC strategies for transmission reduction and understand the potential of liquid desiccant technology as an air scrubber. That is capable to a) energy-efficiently control temperature and humidity in buildings, enclosed spaces and public transport; b) increase the indoor air quality by offering the conditions of temperature and humidity less favourable to the growth, proliferation and infectivity of microorganisms; and c) inactivate pathogens. The main factors involved in the process of the inactivation of viruses or pathogens by liquid desiccant solutions are also described together with possible modifications to the solutions to increase their heat and mass transfer and sanitising characteristics. The study is ended by an economic evaluation of the potential energy benefits resulting from the use of liquid desiccant technology. It is concluded that the technology could be particularly favourable in those buildings where humidity control and/or moisture removal is required or in buildings where viruses are more likely to be present, such as in healthcare facilities/operating rooms, or in the event of an airborne viral outbreak.
The relative salience of numerical and non-numerical dimensions shifts over development: A re-analysis of Tomlinson, DeWind, and Brannon (2020)
Authors: Aulet Lauren S , Lourenco Stella F.
Published: January 2021

Visual displays of objects include information about number and other magnitudes such as cumulative surface area. Despite the confluence of cues, a prevalent view is that number is uniquely salient within multidimensional stimuli. Consistent with this view, Tomlinson, DeWind, and Brannon (2020) report that, in addition to greater acuity for number than area among both children and adults, number biases area judgments more than the reverse, at least in childhood. However, a failure to consider perceived area, undermines these results. To address this concern, we used an index of perceived area when assessing acuity and bias of number and area. In this context, number and area were comparable in acuity among children and adults. Bias, however, differed across development. Although adults showed greater bias of number on area judgments than the reverse, children experienced greater area bias on number judgments. Thus, contra Tomlinson et al., when differences in mathematical and perceived area are accounted for, area is more salient than number early in development. However, number does become the more salient dimension by adulthood, suggesting a role for experience with symbolic number and education in drawing attention to number within multidimensional visual stimuli.
Harmonic Cancellation - a Fundamental of Auditory Scene Analysis
Authors: de Cheveigné Alain
Published: January 2021

This paper reviews the hypothesis of {\em harmonic cancellation}\ according to which an interfering sound is suppressed or canceled on the basis of its harmonicity (or periodicity in the time domain) for the purpose of Auditory Scene Analysis. It defines the concept, discusses theoretical arguments in its favor, and reviews experimental results that support it, or not. If correct, the hypothesis may draw on time-domain processing of temporally-accurate neural representations within the brainstem, as required also by the classic Equalization-Cancellation (EC) model of binaural unmasking. The hypothesis predicts that a target sound corrupted by interference will be easier to hear if the interference is harmonic than inharmonic, all else being equal. This prediction is borne out in a number of behavioral studies, but not all. The paper reviews those results, with the aim to understand the inconsistencies and come up with a reliable conclusion for, or against, the hypothesis of harmonic cancellation within the auditory system.
Student Engagement Level in e-Learning Environment: Clustering Using K-means
Authors: Moubayed Abdallah , Injadat Mohammadnoor , Shami Abdallah , Lutfiyya Hanan
Published: January 2021

E-learning platforms and processes face several challenges, among which is the idea of personalizing the e-learning experience and to keep students motivated and engaged. This work is part of a larger study that aims to tackle these two challenges using a variety of machine learning techniques. To that end, this paper proposes the use of k-means algorithm to cluster students based on 12 engagement metrics divided into two categories: interaction-related and effort-related. Quantitative analysis is performed to identify the students that are not engaged who may need help. Three different clustering models are considered: two-level, three-level, and five-level. The considered dataset is the students’ event log of a second-year undergraduate Science course from a North American university that was given in a blended format. The event log is transformed using MATLAB to generate a new dataset representing the considered metrics. Experimental results’ analysis shows that among the considered interaction-related and effort-related metrics, the number of logins and the average duration to submit assignments are the most representative of the students’ engagement level. Furthermore, using the silhouette coefficient as a performance metric, it is shown that the two-level model offers the best performance in terms of cluster separation. However, the three-level model has a similar performance while better identifying students with low engagement levels.
Narratives about the Soviet Past in the Discourse of the Russian Non-Parliamentary Opposition (Example of Alexei Navalny’s Texts)
Authors:   INION RAN, Fomin Ivan
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of the discourse of the Russian oppositionist Alexei Navalny. The purpose of the study is to understand how one of the leaders of the Russian non-parliamentary opposition uses narratives about the Soviet past. The analysis shows that the arsenal of such narratives in Navalny's discourse is quite broad and includes references to events, actors, and realia from all main periods of the Soviet history. The whole variety of ways of using the narratives about the Soviet past in Navalny's discourse can be generalized to four typical discursive templates: (1) “analogy with the Soviet”, (2) “inheriting the Soviet”, (3) “stealing the Soviet”, (4) “(mis)commemorating the Soviet”. The “analogy with the Soviet” and “inheriting the Soviet” templates are used by Navalny in his strategies of negative representation of certain contemporary Russian political events, actors, institutions, and practices (in particular the ones having to do with political repressions and state propaganda). The application of the “stealing the Soviet” template is almost entirely limited to the texts that negatively represent Russian “oligarchs”. The “(mis)commemorating the Soviet” template is applied in the texts that promote (or condemn) certain commemorative practices. In general, in his discourse Navalny often effectively applies the discursive strategies that allow him to use the narratives about the Soviet past, but, at the same time, he is rarely seeks to actively construct such narratives himself.
“Secular religion”: Islam in Kazakhstan’s nation-building
Authors: Mikhailov Dmitriy
Published: January 2021

The article explores the concept of “Kazakh Islam” in the sociopolitical rhetoric of modern Kazakhstan. The change in the state’s policy regarding Islam, which is gradually acquiring new meanings in the changing contexts of national construction is noticed. Four strategies for the construction of “Kazakh Islam” are identified and analyzed: state, political, theological, scientific-journalistic, each of which has its own language and logic of argumentation. The state strategy is focused on the elimination of religious topics from public discourse. The political one is actualized during the election period and serves as the basis for discussion of Kazakh identity. The theological one is focused on including a new concept in a wide ideological Islamic context. The scientific-journalistic one seeks to fill the traditional form of Kazakh Islam with modernization meanings. The separation of religious and secular areas in the daily, routine activities of the state and the church is fully consistent with the concept of secularization. But everything changes when it comes to the most generalized political categories, especially the nation. In the space of nationalism, secularization is losing its power, giving rise to semantic constructions that look absurd, both from the standpoint of religion and from the point of view of the state. The described definitions of “Kazakh Islam” show that it is impossible to consider religious and secular ideology as competitors pursuing diametrically opposite goals within the framework of national building practices. The ideology of “Kazakh Islam” cannot be strictly fixed, since in this way it would lose all of its consolidating potential. As a result, we are dealing with a set of contradictory rhetoric, which is united by the legitimizing force of “nation” and “god”. The organic complementarity and interchangeability of these concepts reveals the complex and dynamic connection of religion and nationalism in promoting and legitimizing the meaning of the existence of the Kazakh state.
Perception of Players towards National Sports Council
Authors: Shrestha Madhav Kumar , Karki Sarala
Published: January 2021

This study entitled “Perception of players towards National Sports Council", aimed to find out the perception of players towards National Sports Council, and to describe and analyze the perception of players towards National Sports Council. The necessary information was taken from different players and member of National Sports Council. Altogether, there were one hundred and fifty respondents selected from different games and members of National Sports Council. The main source of data was primary. The researchers used ready-made tools made by Carr, where eleven statements were involved to gather data. There were diverse perceptions towards games and sports in Nepal. Among 150 respondents 56 (37.3 %) expressed strongly disagree, 83 (55.3%) disagree, 02 (01.3%) undecided, 6 (4 %), agree and 3 (2 %) strongly agree on the statement “National Sports Council manage proper training and coaching program for players.”
Exploring the Acceptance of Online Classes in Nepal: Application of Technology Acceptance Model
Authors: Subedi Mohan
Published: January 2021

The paper aims to explore the acceptance of online classes in Nepal using Technology acceptance model. TAM is the most widely used model to examine the acceptance of technology by users. The results have been obtained from self-administered questionnaire from different users of online class. The responses received were analyzed by several statistical tools namely Frequency distribution, Cronbach’s Alpha Reliability rest, Pearson Correlation coefficient and Multiple regression computed by SPSS version 26. The main conclusion drawn from this study is that perceived usefulness has much impact on intention to use online classes. Perceived usefulness and perceived ease to use have significant relationship with intention to use online classes.
Use of ICT in Classroom: An Analysis of Teachers' and Students' Perception on ICT Tools
Authors: Mishra Nirmal Raj
Published: January 2021

The ICT integrated teaching forcefully underpinning in our education system as a pedagogical intervention. The teachers and students are trying to habituate with incorporating their teaching learning activities. In this situation, this study has to explore the situation of ICT tools use by teachers and students for ICT integrated teaching in higher education classroom. For this purpose, I adopted the social constructivist approach of learning for supporting to view the reality. Based on this theoretical approach, I used the qualitative research design where applied the phenomenology method of inquiry. The three methods focus group discussion, in-depth interview and personal introspection have used to collect the in-depth information from the informants. The major finding is that the social media tools like Face book, Gmail, Blogs were not popular in teaching. The teachers and students are used the hardware related tools like laptop, desktop computer, multimedia projector, cell phone and software related tools like office program, Face book, twitter, blog. The highly prefer tools have laptop/ desktop computer, multimedia projector, cell phone and software tools like internet, email, office program and related apps like Moodle. The ICT tools are inevitable phenomena for effective delivery of knowledge and skills in higher education teaching to meet the global needs of education.
Meta Analysis on Knowledge, Attitude, Practice and Perception towards COVID-19 among Health Care Workers
Authors: Basnet Saraswati
Published: January 2021

Corona virus that causes illness ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases, is a newly discovered ribonucleic acid corona virus named 2019-nCoV.SARS-CoV-2. The aim of the meta-analysis is to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, practice and perception towards Covid-19 among health care worker (HCWs) by performing a systematic Meta analysis of related published literature. The Meta analysis was done only on involved sample of at least 327 to 1357 and total 4005 subjects and diverse research design were eligible among the 8 full-text articles. A formal extraction protocol was the PRISMA-P. Most of the HCWs were nurses, doctors and paramedic and females (54.9%). Nearly half (44.4%) were nurses, 36.8% were doctors and only 18.8% were pharmacists & technician. Most of (87.1%) of the health care workers had good knowledge, almost all had positive attitude, 87.4% had positive practice and almost all had positive perception in terms of perception of Covid-19. Similarly less than one forth (12.9%) of health care worker had poor knowledge, less than one forth (12.5%) had poor practice respectively. The studies concluded that almost all of the HCWs had good knowledge, good practice, positive attitude and perception towards covid-19. A few HCWs had poor knowledge and practice, so training program could improve knowledge and practice.
Direction and Problems of Foreign Trade in Nepal
Authors: Sharma Shashikala
Published: January 2021

Foreign trade or international trade is the transaction of goods and services between two or more countries. It plays a vital role in developing the economy of a country. The purpose of this study was to identify the direction and problems of foreign trade in Nepal, and to find out the possibilities of foreign trade expansion of the period from fiscal year 2011/12 to 2018/19. The study used quantitative data collected from secondary sources consulting physical library and internet. It was found in the study that most of the foreign trade of Nepal is directed to India. It was also found that there was deficit trade balance as there was decreasing export and increasing imports. As a result, the trade balance is negative and growing every year. Further, the foreign trade in Nepal is highly dependent with India which needs to be diversified to rest of the world.
Illusion in Equality of Opportunity in Education
Authors: Aryal Shiva
Published: January 2021

This article focuses on the portion of the confusion that has been addressed by the different sociological and philosophical perspectives on equality of opportunity. For this study, I have used the document review approach where books, reports and research articles are reviewed for the purpose. Basically qualitative information is used and adopted for the thematic information analysis process. This article attempts to settle the illusion of equality of opportunity through binary thinking like the egalitarian that believes on how well people’s lives go not just the formally as a support by Marxist view as the protection should have on the basis of socioeconomic position rather than their personal needs. Basic equality and the social democracy theory are concerned on, no one should be discriminated against their sex or gender, race or ethnicity, and socioeconomic background or to be given equal value as a human worth. This article concludes that the illusion of equality of opportunity still remains on which one standard of measurement is best to achieve equal opportunity that one is unanswerable within single pint and events.
कृष्णप्रसाद शर्मा वस्तीका खण्डकाव्यमा गीता दर्शन Krishna Prasad Sharma Wastika Khandakavyama Geeta Darshan
Authors: गुरागाईं Gueagain यज्ञप्रसाद  Yagyaprasad
Published: January 2021

यो लेख खण्डकाव्यकार कृष्णप्रसाद वस्तीद्वारा लेखिएका खण्डकाव्यमा व्यक्त भएको गीता दर्शनको अध्ययनविश्लेषणमा केन्द्रित रहेको छ । महाभारत युद्धको पूर्वसन्ध्यामा श्रीकृष्णले अर्जुनलाई दिएको ज्ञान, भक्ति, वैराग्यएवम् मानवदर्शनमूलक शिक्षा नै गीता दर्शन हो । काव्यकार कृष्णप्रसाद शर्मा वस्तीका विभिन्न खण्डकाव्यमायस प्रकारको दर्शनको प्रयोगको अवस्था के कस्तो रहेको छ भन्ने कुरालाई अध्ययनको मूल समस्याको समाधानयस लेखमा खोजिएको छ । यसर्थ उनका खण्डकाव्यमा गीता दर्शको प्रयोगको अवस्था पत्ता लगाउनु यसलेखको उद्देश्य रहेको छ । यस अध्ययनबाट उक्त काव्यका भावी अध्येताहरूलाई लाभ पुग्न सक्छ । यस लेखमावस्तीका खण्डकाव्यहरूलाई प्राथमिक स्रोतको सामग्री र यस काव्यका बारेमा लेखिएका लेख रचना तथाखण्डकाव्यकार वस्तीका विषयमा लेखिएका अन्य जानकारीमूलक लेखहरूलाई द्वितीय सामग्री मानी तिनकोउपयोग गरिएको छ । तथ्यहरू प्रस्तुत गरेर तिनको विश्लेषणबाट निष्कर्ष निकालिएको हुँदा यहाँ विश्लेषणात्मकविधिलाई प्रस्तुतीकरणको विधिका रूपमा चयन गरिएको छ । यस लेखमा दैवी शक्तिसम्बन्धी धारणा, ईश्वरभक्ति, सत्सङ्ग, शरीर र आत्माको सम्बन्ध, कर्मयोग, बह्मचिन्तन, पूर्वजन्म र पुनर्जन्मसम्बन्धी धारणा र सुखकोकारण जस्ता सूचकहरूको आयोजना गरी तिनका आधारमा काव्यकार वस्तीका खण्डकाव्यमा गीता दर्शनकोप्रयोगावस्था निरूपण गरिएको छ भने उनका खण्डकाव्य गीता दर्शनको प्रयोगका दृष्टिले समृद्ध छन् भन्ने निष्कर्षनिकालिएको छ ।
تقييم الأداء المالي لشركات التامين في دولة قطر باستخدام DUPONT SYSTEM
Authors: جبار حسن م.  كفاح
Published: January 2021

The study of the mutual relationship between return and risk is prepared by the DUPONT SYSTEM for a period of 10 years from 2008 to 2017 in Qatari insurance companies. Costs, which characterized the Qatar General Insurance Company by achieving the highest average profit margin of 99,699 and the AU Asset Utility Index, which measures the efficiency of management in using its assets to achieve its revenues, which characterized Doha Insurance Company as it achieved the highest asset benefit of 34,771 Financial leverage EM, or the so-called ownership multiplier index, which is the ratio that measures the risks related to the use of ownership money, which characterized Qatar Insurance Company, as it achieved the highest rate of raising money of 267,677. The aim of using DUPONT SYSTEM is to compare the performance of companies in the same industry as network analysis to predict future changes, thus adding another dimension to the evaluation of Qatari insurance companies for optimal investment based on sound performance evaluation. The results of the study showed that companies that follow the policy of cost leadership strategy may It achieved a lower return than that which followed the policy of differentiation strategy. The research hypotheses were tested using ANOVA, and the following was found: 1- The existence of statistically significant differences between Qatari companies operating in the insurance field due to the return on equity (ROE). 2- The existence of statistically significant differences between Qatari insurance companies due to the financial leverage index Equity On Multiplier (EM). 3- There are statistically significant differences between Qatari insurance companies attributable to the Return On Asset index (ROA). 4- There are statistically significant differences between Qatari insurance companies due to the Profit Margin (PM) indicator. To confirm the results, a Multiple Comparisons Tukey was performed