bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FDI and Growth of Service Sector in India
Authors: Sutradhar Debabrata
Published: June 2018

In the contemporary globalised economy, service sector attracts the major share of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the world. India being a part of this phenomenon also attracts most of its FDI in the service sector. The present paper highlights the trend in FDI movement in the world in general and India in particular. Further, it reviews the FDI policy in India in the post liberalized period. The growth of FDI in services sector may be attributed to the changing pattern of global FDI and also the liberalization and globalization policies pursued by India. Since 2000, the high inflow of FDI has resulted in the growth of new services viz., financial and non-financial services, telecommunication, computer software and hardware, hotel and tourism, construction activities and real estate. The growth of services sector had led to the growth of export of services from India which now accounts the majority of export from the country.Keywords: FDI, Services sector, Export, Liberalization.
The Making of the Maker: The Figure of Krishna in Bankimchandra’s Krishnacharitra
Authors: Pandith Prabhas
Published: June 2018

The movement against colonial supremacy in India, from the days of its origin, emphasized self-determination. The earliest of the Indian nationalist leaders—the intelligentsia of colonial India—had to assert an „original‟ identity while reacting against colonialism. Assertion of the Self was the only way to counter the intellectual, cultural and political threat posed by colonialism. This new Self had to be powerful, confident, assertive, grand and greater than the colonizer. Emphasizing the belief of a glorious and ancient „Indian‟ civilization was one of the ways in which this challenge was met. The idea of an ancient and once glorious India brought a symbolic value of resilience with it. A primordial Indian civilization became an irresistible fantasy for the early Indian nationalists. They believed that the Indian nation is a given and therefore their nationality is predestined. However, this India that was imagined (at least to an extent) but believed to have been rediscovered was unmistakably a Hindu civilization.Keywords: Krishna, Bankimchandra, Krishnacharitra, Krishnacharita, Bankim Chandra.
Trends and Overall Growth Analysis of Cashewnut Cultivation in Kerala
Authors: Karunakaran N
Published: June 2018

Even in the 21st century, agriculture is the major source of livelihood for majority of Indian population. But agricultural sector is under the big threat of economic reforms like liberalization and modernization of economy. The agrarian economy of Kerala could not exclude from the drastic hitting of the liberalization, privatization and globalization reforms; farmers of the state began to think that there is no other way to sustain their life. Cashewnut is one of the major cash crop became the victim of Liberalization, Privatization and Globalization (LPG) reforms. The export of agricultural produce make it difficult to get a better price for cashewnut and so many diseases are also contributing in the crisis of this cultivation. The area under cashew cultivation has started coming down over the years and the decline in area and yield growth rate was responsible for the negative growth rate in production for cashewnut and the share of real components is negative for the overall growth of output of this crop compared to monetary components and unless there are concerted efforts by the government to create awareness among cashew growers on scientific cultivation methods, there will be a conversion of cashew plantations into rubber plantations.Keywords: Growth trend, Cashewnut, Crop output, Overall growth, Real growth, Monetary growth.
Editorial
Authors: Editor Editor
Published: June 2018

Editorial
Foster Care–Importance of Transition Planning Practice-based Research: An Elaborative, Explorative Approach
Authors: Susanne Nef , Karin Werner
Published: June 2018

Although, foster care is relatively widespread in Switzerland, the professional transition planning of the transfer of decision-making abilities, after the foster children attain the age of majority, is a topic, which has rarely been taken into account so far. However, it is important that transition planning, including all administrative, transfer of decision-making abilities, and guardianship processes, should begin at least one year before the age of majority (the age of consent in Switzerland is 18). Even so, professional transition planning is barely standardised and institutionalised yet. In this practice-based research study the current situation and the perception of the relevant groups, the need of the practice, and foster families have been analysed. Therefore, qualitative data collection methods have been used to focus on a multi-perspective approach, including that on foster parents and social workers at official municipality-level. Several relevant topics and aspects, such as applicable administrative tasks or residential issues, which are considered to be of particular relevance and therefore have to be addressed during the transition planning process, have been found. Moreover, important emotional and social aspects were identified.
Regional Imbalance in the Service Level Benchmarking of Urban Local Bodies (UBLS) in Karnataka
Authors: Hanagodimath Shiddalingaswami V , Bramhanandam Tigiripalli
Published: June 2018

In India urbanisation has increased from 27.81 per cent in 2001 to 31.16 per cent in 2011. The same trend has even continued in Karnataka also i.e. from 34 per cent in 2001 to 38.57 per cent in 2011. As Urban Local Bodies [ULBs] are the major service providers in urban areas, the disparities in their income, expenditure, and functional abilities are an index of regional disparities (HPCFRRI, 2002). The role of urban local bodies cannot be ignored. Hence, this study considers regional imbalance in the service level benchmarking of urban local bodies (ubls) in Karnataka. The result of the study shows that North Karnataka in general and Hyderabad Karnataka in particular are under developed in urban service level benchmarking alike the most of the sectors in the state. Hence, special attention is to be paid for this region both in planning and allocation of money. This study suggests that more powers should be given to Urban Local Bodies and its elected representatives. Further, a monitoring mechanism should be set up in lower performing sectors so that targets can be achieved.
Impact of Climate Change on Human Development in India: Identifying Links and Need for Adaptation Strategies
Authors: Chandram Vipin K P
Published: June 2018

Climate change is a global environmental problem which has been receiving intense political attention both at the domestic and international levels. Climate change is a human development issue which undermines expanding human potential, developing capabilities and enlarging freedom. I poses major obstacles to progress in meeting MDGs and maintaining progress raising the HDI. The present paper will focus on the specific issues related to the impacts on climate change on human development in India. Climate change is intimately linked to the broader sustainable development agenda to reduce poverty, child mortality and morbidity, and to ensure universal primary education for all children. Hence climate change is threatening the capacity of the country to attain the Millennium development goals by 2015. The study is mainly based on secondary data. The various sources include human development reports, UNDP reports, ADB reports, published and unpublished documents including journals, books, occasional publications, working papers, popular magazine and annual publications of social development organizations. Concerted action to strengthen key features of health systems and to promote sustainable and healthy development choices can enhance current health conditions as well as reduce vulnerability to future climate change. Efforts to address climate change adaptation needs should not take resources away from the core development needs and growth objectives of the developing countries. The present paper is an attempt in this regard
Editorial
Authors: Kumaramkandath Rajeev
Published: June 2018

Artha–the journal exclusively dedicated to Social Sciences and Humanities from Christ University, Bengaluru–has entered into its 15th year of life in 2016. It is indeed a long period considering the delicacy of the publishing industry in social science academia. This intervening period has also been quite turbulent and volatile, to say the least, for the paradigmatic changes it has seen in the domains of global politics and social thinking. There has been a rupture in the social existence of human beings as new technologies and ideas invade and occupy our surroundings on rampant scales. While economic reforms and neoliberal policies of states have a central role in generating these changes their impacts on the social, cultural, and political surroundings have been massive and clearly outside the immediate domains of economics. Mapping these social changes and structural realities then become a major task where other social science disciplines like Sociology, Anthropology, and Cultural Studies have a major stake.

This is the larger background against which the current edition of AJSS is launched. As such it involves writings from the ‘twin disciplines’ of Sociology and Social Work and covers a wide range of issues. Having articles from these disciplinary platforms in the same space has its own merits and risks. Interestingly, when one of the editors of this volume had a discussion with a renowned professor, who, also happens to be the editor’s teacher, regarding the issue, the professor did not conceal his unhappiness over universities and higher educational bodies still treating these disciplines as two sides of the same coin. “Their differences are not sufficiently respected” was what he had to say. The statement is indeed problematic in an era of interdisciplinarity.
Editorial
Authors: Das Rolla
Published: June 2018

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When Modern meets Contemporary
Authors: Sunder Sumithra
Published: June 2018

Public spaces and institutions have often been linked when it comes to art practice in Bangalore. Whether it was the large-scale earthworks or the appropriation of heritage spaces taken on by artists, the spaces occupied by the public and the public art institutions have had a strong impact on the ways art gets produced in the city. There is also an additional element of reclaiming public spaces that is the struggle of most cities today.  Since February this year, the artist community of Bangalore has protested against the move made by the government to 'hand over' the Venkatappa Art Gallery to a private entity. This has spurred a lot of conversations about public spaces and public resources in the city, specifically, in relation to art. Art history and the 'teaching of art' have often been celebrated as an achievement of European scholarship. It is true that a number of institutions set up to teach art in India are a colonial legacy, but what emerged post-independence is a culture of rejecting European aesthetics and trying to form a national one if it were. And in our era of postmodern/postcolonial awareness, there is a fluidity in the conduct of the institutions and in the understanding of public spaces that have contributed to the aesthetic of the contemporary artist. In the light of the recent events, this paper will examine the ways in which the art gallery and later the freeform collectives serve as educational spaces for students and subsequently, explore the implications of the lack of such spaces in the practice of art in contemporary times.
A Comparative Study OF Elementary School Teachers Competency in Relation to Sex and Age in India and Iran
Authors: Abbasi Parvin , Arani Abbas Madandar
Published: June 2018

The present study investigated elementary school teachers' competency in relation to their sex and age in India and Iran. 484 teachers were selected through Simple Random Sampling from elementary schools of Mysore city (India) and Arak city (Iran). Subjects consisted of 187 men and 297 women. The tool of study was 'Teachers Competency Scale' developed by investigators. Results revealed that female teachers are more competent in some dimensions of competency. Also, it was found that age has no influence on teachers' competency.
CMI and the Social Change in South India
Authors: Thegumpally Mathew
Published: June 2018

The Carmalites of Mary Immaculate (CMI) has played a remarkable role in the process of the socio-economic and religious transformation in Kerala during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The CMI priests under the leadership of Fr. Kuriakose Elias Chavara resolved to eradicate the social evils and work for the upliftment of the downtrodden. Fr. Chavara became instrumental in establishing a series of schools and started social services for the upliftment of the poor.
Role of Leisure among the Soligas of Biligiri Rangana Betta (B.R. Hills), Karnataka
Authors: Saraswathi S , Raju R , Baidya K N
Published: June 2018

Soligas are exposed to many government and non-government programs, their socio-economic conditions have varied from that of earlier times. In this paper the authors would like to see the changes of the role of leisure.
The Jallikattu Fiasco: Week Long Protest against the Ban Enforced and the Role Played by Print Media
Authors: S Shantharaju , Peter Vivian
Published: June 2018

As the fourth pillar of democratic governments, media has a significant influence in the formation of general conclusions among the masses. The bull has stomped its way into featured news story in Tamil Nadu several times in the last decade. From the time that people of Tamil Nadu prepared to celebrate Pongal in 2017, a large number of individuals from different urban communities of the state came together in open spaces, such as coastal areas and playgrounds, challenging a Supreme Court directive prohibiting the essentially provincial spectacle of Jallikattu. Convenient conclusions have frequently been drawn with regard to debilitating injuries and even deaths. The ‘game’ has never been directed by anyone with precise control. The present paper is an attempt to understand how a section of media, mostly newspapers, portrayed this sensitive issue. The review conducts a comparison between one English daily and one vernacular daily, both covering the Chennai locale in Tamil Nadu and attempts to examine the stand taken by print media in the projection of Jallikattu.
School Adjustment Among Boys and Girls of Secondary Schools in the Perspective of their Socio Economic Status, Parent-Child Interaction and Emotional Maturity
Authors: Sudha B G , Nagar N L
Published: June 2018

The main purpose of the present study was to examine school adjustment among secondary school boys and girls in relation to their socio-economic status, parent-child interaction and emotional maturity. It was found that the students having high parent-child interaction have significantly better school adjustment.
Compassionate Love: Bearing Transcendence
Authors: Moyaert Paul
Published: June 2018

The view that charity consists in an expansion of existing interpersonal relations is rather misleading.  We need to see it as a radical transformation, of existing relations, even if this suspension is only temporary. In charity we see a person as someone who is no longer capable of reacting appropriately. Someone who is no longer capable of behaving as a „person‟ nevertheless continues to be a person.  She does not lose her personal sanctity or dignity even if she has lost a practical grasp on controlling and guiding the course of her life.   Today we often tend to reduce charity to a compassionate form of helping, or aid-giving, such as when materials, doctors and psychologists are sent to regions that are torn apart by war or famine.  It is much easier to understand charity when it can be measured against the reduction of physical and emotional distress.  It is much more difficult to understand charity in cases where aid proves to be powerless, when there is no measurable return or change that is brought about. While ethics cannot teach us what to do once compassion, benevolence and forgiveness fail to make any difference, prayer can help us to move forward. Praying for others, more specifically, the long-suffering involved in prayer, is a particularly important form of charity.  It has the power to lift us above our inability to do anything helpful. We pray at the very moment when we experience our powerlessness to help.
Visishtādvaita and Wahdatul-Wujūd: Points of comparison and departure
Authors: Sharvani Zaheer Ali Khan , Abdul Sattar S
Published: June 2018

Not only in philosophy but in religion as well, concepts such as God, World and Man are discussed quite considerably. Nevertheless, an understanding of these concepts requires careful, detailed and systematic analyses. One of the methods of achieving the same is to use a comparative framework. Within Islam, Wahdatul-Wujud (Unity of Existence) is an important mystical and philosophical perspective that has witnessed a tumultuous journey. It has however played a dominant role in Islamic thought. Within Indian philosophy, Vedānta has played a very influential role. Visistādvaita as a school of thought has also played a great role to interpret core philosophical concepts of Upanishads, Bhagavad Gita and Brahma Sutras. In this research paper, we attempt to provide a comparative analysis of Visistādvaita and Wahdatul-Wujud marking out the aspects of similarity and departures. What stands out as relevant and insightful as an implication of the comparative method is an understanding of these two approaches. Wahdatul-Wujud is redefined as a panentheistic philosophy which believes that God exists inside of everything, but is at the same time, transcendent of everything. In this type ofbelief, God is seen as an eternal spark of all things, the Prime Mover. Quite similarly, Visistādvaita, on the other hand is conceived as a Qualified Non- dualistic philosophy which believes in subsuming every diverse phenomena and experience under an underlying unity.
A Critical Inquiry into Ecological Visions of Ancient India Versus, Modern West
Authors: Chatterjee Madhumita
Published: June 2018

The paper explores the fundamental thoughts of ancient India, specifically Vedic and Upanishadic ideologies, which believed that man has no authority to dominate the Earth at the expense of his/her benefits. Each and every one ought to protect, preserve, take care and show genuine concern for the Earth to whom he/she has ascribed divine motherhood. We shall also observe that western anthropocentrism is itself facing a great challenge, and as a consequence, a new shade of ethical consciousness coined as „environmental ethics‟ has emerged. Environmental ethics mainly a non–anthropocentric ethics in its approach recognises that nature and her beings should not be exploited and dictated by man, since nature is thought to be an end in itself which should be treated with love, care and respect. One of the major off–shoots of this new shade of non–anthropocentric ecological ethics is deep–ecology which has unlike anthropocentric attitude, of the mainstream–European tradition ascribed intrinsic value to nature. Finally, the paper will try to arrive at a conclusion by making a critical yet comparative analysis, between the basic and positive observations of the Indian classical thought as well as central doctrines of deep ecology of Western environmental thought by relating both of them. Such an attempt intends to relate both of them by pointing out striking similarities between them, in spite of the difference in time and cultural milieu in which they emerged.
Symbolic Conscious Experience
Authors: Posina Venkata Rayudu
Published: June 2018

Inspired by the eminently successful physical theories and informed by commonplace experiences such as seeing a cat upon looking at a cat, conscious experience is thought of as a measurement or photocopy of given stimulus. Conscious experience, unlike a photocopy, is symbolic—like language—in that the relation between conscious experience and physical stimulus is analogous to that of the word "cat" and its meaning, i.e., arbitrary and yet systematic. We present arguments against the photocopy model and arguments for a symbolic conception of conscious experience. Learning and the corresponding plasticity of the brain make a strong case for the symbolic conception of conscious experience, while many extra-ordinary conscious experiences argue against the formalisation of consciousness as a measuring device. The notions of place-value notation and grammar, which organise quantitative measurements and conscious experiences in the medium of numbers and language, respectively, are suggested as model systems for putting together a comprehensive theory of conscious experience.
Bradley’s Account of the Self as Appearance: Between Kant’s Transcendental Idealism and Hegel’s Speculative Idealism
Authors: Ilodigwe Damian
Published: June 2018

The constitutive activity of the self and the ground of the unity of the self are two important aspects of understanding the self. This paper attempts to delineatethese considerations, tracing their use, function and implications in Bradley’s thesis on the self. The article argues that for Bradley, the focalization is on the understanding of the self and the relation of thought to reality. Furthermore, the article attempts to locate Bradley’s account of the self as appearance as a middle course between Kant’s transcendental idealism to Hegel’s speculative idealism to demonstrate the overlaps, ruptures, and evolution of the philosophical journey of the concept of the self, its nature, and its expressions.
Meaning in Life and its Vitality in the Praxis
Authors: Thurackal Jobi Thomas
Published: June 2018

This paper examines the different aspects of meaning in life from a theoretical perspective of philosophy and psychology. It deals mainly with the dynamism ofmeaning in life on the basis of contextual perspectives and its emergence from different sources. In this regard, religion plays an important role in the formation of meaning in life, especially in relation to its competence. Moreover, the praxis of meaning in life is processoriented and is different from the purpose of life. It also remains as a connector between the existential vacuum and the reality of life, promoting stability in life. The expression of meaning in life can be based on both low and high levels. Above all, meaning in life can be seen from two different aspects of presence of meaning and search for meaning, specifically from the empirical and Indian contexts.
Between Mysticism and Medical Materialism: Relevance of William James and John Dewey for the Question of Neurotheology
Authors: Weidenbaum Jonathan
Published: June 2018

"NO ABSTRACT"
The Ethics and Spirituality Initiative in Connection with the United Nations Sustainable Development Process
Authors: Greene Herman F
Published: June 2018

After twenty-five years sustainable development is not a reality. Policies and practices focus on the short-term and economists regard sustainable development as extraneous to their core responsibilities. Science, economics and self- interest have not proven a sufficient ground for sustainable development. Ethics calling   for moral reasoning and courageous action, spirit offering transcendence, vision and sustenance, and value asking what is development for are needed. United Nations negotiations have shaped, are shaping, and will continue to shape the meaning and practice of sustainable development. A global citizens‘ movement to build the political will for change is needed. To catalyze sustainable development ethics, religion and spirituality must operate out of a historical context and narrative of a ―Great Transition. ‖ Ethics must enter at the ground level in determining how science, technology, and economics are to be conceived. Religion and spirit must begin with respect for the order of existence. A particular ―Ethics and Spirituality Initiative for Sustainable Development‖ is building a coalition of religious, spiritual and secular values based-organizations to bring ethics and spirituality into the sustainable development process.
Humans as Social Being and Part of Nature
Authors: Kather Regine
Published: June 2018

Humans are, as Cassirer has demonstrated, an animal symbolicum that interprets the world by means of signs. Since the second half of the 20 th century the relation of cultures is influenced strongly by modern technology: On the one hand, nearly every culture is longing for modern technology to achieve a more comfortable life; and, on the other, modern technology changes the way of life deeply. At first sight technology seems to be a neutral instrument, a mere tool that is compatible with every way of life and does not interfere into religious and ethical orientation. But it is definitely an expression of cultural values; it produces completely new wishes and hopes and undermines inevitably traditional forms of life – a process, which implies great dangers and opportunities. First, humans must reflect on their way of life consciously and decide autonomously between alternatives; secondly the growing social standard leads to the destruction of nature which is the basis of human life. Though living in different cultures, humans have the ethical obligation to preserve nature – for their own and nature‟s sake.
Hospitality Industry - REDEFINING Leisure And Recreation
Authors: Sharma Manoj
Published: June 2018

We live in an age of cocooning: there is a tangible need to feel secure and pampered in a world of terrorism and uncertainty. The latest trend in travel is not high-altitude trekking or exploring remote and difficult reaches — it is the emergence of hotels as complete travel destinations. The accommodation industry is rising to the challenge, bolstering city hotels with extra facilities to fit the urban oasis template and creating resorts so complete it almost becomes redundant to go out.
Competition in Indian Sky, Fly High or Nose Dive...
Authors: PJ Shyju
Published: June 2018

Indian aviation is experiencing a tremendous change in the recent years. Opening of Indian sky for private players made a paradigm shift in domestic air travel. After 1992 the role of Indian Airlines,
Economic and Environmental Aspects of SustainableTourism Development-A Conceptual Study
Authors: Khuntia Nabanita , Mishra Jitendra Mohan
Published: June 2018

The term sustainable development is a commonly and widely used term in our contemporary world. The concept has gained popularity because it satisfies the urge of both its environmentalists and the developers. Sustainable tourism is considered as the meeting point of the developers and environmentalists even as both of them are quite skeptic about each other and criticize each other. Tourism which is an economic sector can eradicate  poverty to a great extent. But the overuse of the natural resources for the tourism activities always leads to the negative impact on the environment. So there is an urgent need to maintain the balance between development and environment; otherwise the ever grasping power of tourism and development will demolish the basic structure of the world. The aim of this paper is to study the dialogues of sustainable tourism with reference to environment and economy. The present article is a conceptual discussion of evolution and the issues of sustainable tourism under economy and the environmental heads and concludes that both environment and development have equal importance in the betterment and survival of the human society
Airlines Operation to Puducherry: Poor Patronage or Inefficiency of the Carrier?
Authors: Mishra Jitendra Mohan
Published: June 2018

Puducherry is a known tourist destination and if merged with the neighboring Tamil Nadu becomes largest tourist receiving region in the country. An airlines carrier SpiceJet  operated till recently in February last year, when it withdrew operations from Puducherry. Study revealed however that this flying sector has been making steady growth and making profits though not comparable with prime sectors of the airlines company. Despite the conducive environment, the airlines‟ choice of scrapping the route deserves research. The present study thus is a sincere attempt to study the viability of the Puducherry sector for airlines operation. For the purpose it examined the perception of travellers about the select quality aspects of air transportation prevailed in Puducherry viz. choice of air travel over other modes, time factor and cost or value for money. The study was conducted across occupational groups for future segmentation of the market. The data for the research was collected through primary survey at Bengaluru amongst passengers who travelled to Puducherry by air. Secondary data related to the study were collected from Puducherry airport and other internet sources.  The findings of survey revealed as respondents expressed their satisfaction about timing aspects of air travel; however the time to reach the airports in both Bengaluru and Puducherry is a concern that needs to be looked into by the local governments of respective states.
Editorial
Authors: Varghese Bindi
Published: June 2018

Atna - Journal of Tourism Studies (ATJS) Volume -, Issue 2 has an exclusive range of scholarly articles and has continued to make progress in terms of publishing peer-reviewed articles. ATJS has attracted an ever increasing national audience of authors, research investigators, and scholars.
Sustainable Coastal Tourism Model
Authors: PD Joseph
Published: June 2018

Sun, Sand and Sea are the three ‘Mantras’ which make a destination explored from unexplored, and popular from unpopular. Seaside tourism and recreation have rapidly increased in recent decades, becoming a "big business" and a primary contributor to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of several countries.Coastal areas are thickly populated worldwide, putting the coastal environment in danger.
Gastronomy Tourism - A Tool for Promoting Jharkhand as a Tourist Destination
Authors: Chand Mohinder , Dahiya Ashish , Patil Latha S
Published: June 2018

Gastronomy has been an important attribute in development of niche travel & niche destination. Literature supports that there is a relationship between tourism & gastronomy yet the use of gastronomy as a tourism product has been concise to presentation & offering of local cuisines to tourists. Gastronomy tourism can be pull factor for many tourism market segments. Due to diverse geographical conditions in India not all states can avail the pre-tested 4S formula (sun, sand sea & sex) to promote tourism. Gastronomy tourism however can be unique tool to tourism development. The study was undertaken in Jharkhand which is the 286 State of Indian Union offering tribal gastronomy which can be a pull factor for not merely special interest tourists but also urban & International tourist population. Though Jharkhand was carved out of Bihar on 15th Nov 2000 however the region's rich history & culture goes thousand of years beyond its present stature. The various regional delicacies are influenced by culinary trend from neighbouring states e.g. Bihar, West Bengal, Orissa & Chhattisgarh still many of the local food & beverages are prepared in their own way which can be both a relishing as well as learning experience for gastronomy tourists
Role of Women in Tourism
Authors: Dileep M R
Published: June 2018

Tourism, similar to many other sectors, involves the service of women in many ways. This involvement comprises of both positive as well as negative aspects, some are pampering the womanhood, by which women can live in the society with pride whereas many others raise serious issues and concerns. A range of issues is inherent in the tourism sector; which are relatively less discussed in the international tourism scenario and by the developers as a whole. This paper makes an attempt to discuss the role of women in tourism critically, as an employer and employee.
Ecotourism for Rural Karnataka: Some Impact Assessments
Authors: Nanjunda D C
Published: June 2018

unique heritage, cultural and natural attractions. Karnataka has tremendous potentiality for the growth and development of ecotourism. In fact Karnataka forms a part of the global biodiversity hot spots with varieties of rural heritage, which can be used for advocating environmental awareness, long-term conservation measures and economic benefits to the local people. Tourism is one of the largest and fastest growing economic sectors worldwide especially in Karnataka. Climate change and its various impacts pose a significant risk to tourism, especially in developing countries where tourism is often the single most important industry. However experts feel ecotourism also causes a kind of atrocity on the bio diversity. Through this article the author is analyzing both positive and negative impacts of ecotourism.
The Media Strategy for Destination Image Building in Crisis
Authors: T A Binoy
Published: June 2018

The tourism industry is arguably one of the most important sources of income and foreign exchange, and is growing rapidly; however, national and international crises have huge negative economic consequences (Dirk Glaesser). The travel and tourism industry is susceptible to a wide range of internal and external forces and is impacted heavily by crisis events resulting in negative tourist perceptions. Unpredictable negative events, be they natural catastrophes or human induced disasters, pose an unprecedented challenge for the tourism trade as they can disrupt business activities or in the more serious instances wipe out entire tourism operations (Christof Pforr and Peter Hosie). So that the most important challenge facing tourism industry is the anticipation of the threat of crises precipitated by "Shocks" such as natural disasters, terrorist activities, military conflicts, public health issues and economic down turns. Among all man-made catastrophes, terrorism causes much impact on the demand of the tourist destination
ATNA-Journal Of Tourism Studies
Authors: Thomas Joby
Published: June 2018

Volume 5 of "ATNA-Journal of Tourism Studies" contains eight different articles covering various aspects of tourism. The scholarly articles range from wild life tourism, agri-tourism, ecotourism, heritage and sustainable tourism, destination marketing and information technology in tourism. The current issue makes an earnest effort to present varied dimensions of tourism.
The Vanishing Sacred Groves ("Kavus") in the 'God's Own Country' and its Ecological Significance
Authors: U Umesh , S Sheena
Published: June 2018

Kavu" or the holy Sarpa Kavu (meaning Sacred Grove of the Serpent) is a typically small traditional grove of trees seen in the Kerala state of South India. These pristine groves usually have representations of several Naga Devatas (serpent gods), which were worshipped by the joint families or big houses (taravads). This was part of Nagaradhana (snake worship) which was prevalent among Keralites during past centuries. The kayos' represent the locally deep-rooted tradition of worshipping plants, animals and local deities. They are mostly concentrated in Kerala's entire region especially in the North Malabar region. The kavus; however, are facing threats byway of changes in values as well as socio-economic pressures, despite the weight of

traditional beliefs and rituals associated with them. Large scale conversion of land, decline of traditional agrarian values, socio­economic factors, population pressure and shortage of land have already made a dent on the rich ecosystem of 'kavus'. A large number of 'sarpa kavus', that were protected and maintained by upper caste communities, disappeared, due to the disintegration of families that protected them. In some cases, this led to their renovation and conversion into temples. There are reports stating that the 'kavus' suffered large scale degradation in the state due to high percentage of settler migration. These rich ecological repositories that also function as traditional water-harvesting system are not being given due importance. Most of the 'kavus' are located near agricultural lands; this indicates their role in an agrarian society. Most of the 'kavus' have perennial water resources rich in organic matter that enhance fertility of agriculture lands. Community protection alone can save the ' kavus'. Only through solid initiatives, it's possible to create awareness about 'kavus' ecological value among the communities (stakeholders); traditionally protecting the 'kavus' and the public. Sanctity of the 'kavus' may have been sustained by beliefs. No less important is their protection by highlighting their ecological importance.
Emerging trends and collaborative network patterns on Reverse Logistics
Authors: Simão Marina Pires de Lima , Barbosa Danilo Hisano , Barbosa Juliana Sayuri Kurumoto , Leal Gislaine Camila Lapasini , Galdamez Edwin Vladimir Cardoza , Cotrim Syntia Lemos
Published: June 2018

Logística reversa consiste no planejamento, implementação e controle do fluxo reverso de produtos pós-venda e pós-consumo. O objetivo deste artigo é identificar redes colaborativas emergentes e áreas científicas em Reverse Logistics (RL) usando análises temporais, geoespaciais e tópicas. O estudo baseia-se na análise das redes bibliométricas, uma técnica utilizada para medir o desenvolvimento científico, os índices de produção e a disseminação do conhecimento. Os principais resultados da pesquisa destacam a relação das áreas de conhecimento e lacunas científicas, a identificação dos principais autores e os aspectos relacionados à rede social de cooperação dos autores, como país, citações e densidade da rede.
Systematic analysis of reference models in product development: case studies in the agricultural machinery and implementation sector
Authors: Silveira Franco da , Machado Filipe Molinar , Ruppenthal Janis Elisa , Romano Leonardo Nabaes , Rodrigues Vinícius Picanço , Farias Marcelo Silveira de
Published: June 2018

With the growth in the machinery and agricultural implements sector the importance of the area of Product Development Process (PDP) has expanded significantly in the last decades. The surge is due to increased competition among manufacturers, thus requiring high quality products with greater efficiency in their production processes. In addition, the management of the phases that comprise the PDP is considered complex by specialized literature and manufacturing companies. Thus, the objective of the study is to present the main reference models that contextualize the PDP in order to systematically analyze its methodological classifications. In addition, the research seeks to explore the work methodologies currently applied in the PDP of the agricultural machinery and implements manufacturers located in the northwestern region of Rio Grande do Sul - Brazil. The research adopted the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) and the case study as investigation methods, classified as descriptive and comparative, of an exploratory nature. As a result, it was possible to identify a set of reference models that are usually adopted to operationalize the PDP. Research has shown that project support tools are not used by companies, while design and industrial management tools are applied. Finally, it was verified that companies have little knowledge about reference models.
Grupos constructores sustentables del medio ambiente: vidas invisibilizadas
Authors: Loáciga Brenes Saray , Camacho Camacho Ana Lorena
Published: June 2018

El artículo se genera a partir de la temática de reciclaje y la implicación social. El objetivo de principal gira en torno a la búsqueda de las historias de vida de los recolectores de reciclaje en Liberia, Costa Rica, análisis de sus experiencias en la recolección de materiales de reciclaje y de sus motivaciones. El estudio se realiza con base en una metodología de carácter cualitativo y de enfoque descriptivo. Se utilizaron entrevistas en profundidad aplicadas a quince personas, en un rango de edad de 25 a 70 años. Se deduce una percepción negativa de la población y de resistencia a la labor que realizan las personas que participan en la recolección de desechos, así como a quienes contribuyen a mejorar el ambiente. A manera de conclusión, el estudio formula una concientización en el manejo adecuado de desechos y una mayor valoración de las personas implicadas en esta labor, la mayoría de la clase poco privilegiada de la sociedad. Se plantea un cambio desde niveles institucionales del Estado, que genere le visibilidad y recompensa social a esta población liberiana.
Evaluación de la eficiencia de tres modelos de incubadora con diferentes flujos en el desarrollo larval de Osteoglossum bicirrhosum (arawana plateada)
Authors: Oliveros Sergio Luis , Hernández Paniagua Kelly Johana , Pimentel Parra Gustavo Adolfo , Murcia Ordoñez Betselene , Chaves Moreno Luis Carlos
Published: June 2018

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la eficiencia de tres modelos de incubadora con diferente flujo para el desarrollo larval de Osteoglossum bicirrhosum (arawana plateada), desde el estadio dos al estadio cinco. Se trabajó con 60 larvas y se distribuyeron en grupos de 20 por cada modelo de incubadora: MI1: flujo circular; MI2: flujo ascendente; MI3: sin flujo. Se determinó el diámetro corporal (DC), diámetro del saco vitelino (DSV), adquisición natatoria (AN) y mortalidad durante 30 días de incubación. El DC final para MI1 fue de 33.77 mm comparado con 33.16 mm para MI2 y 19.92 mm para MI3. El DSV inicial de 12.02 mm en MI1 disminuyó en MI2 (11.64 mm) y aumentó a 12.11 mm en MI3. La adquisición natatoria se presentó en todas las larvas de MI1 y MI2, pero solo en el 10% de MI3. Asimismo, la mortalidad fue de 1, 10 y 20 larvas para MI1, MI2 y MI3, respectivamente.
Calidad nutricional del rastrojo de maca (Lepidium peruvianum Chacón) en cuyes
Authors: Castro Bedriñana Jorge , Chirinos Peinado Doris , Calderón Inga Jorge
Published: June 2018

Con el objetivo de evaluar la calidad nutricional del rastrojo de maca (Lepidium peruvianum Chacón) proveniente de la trilla para la colección de la semilla botánica, en la provincia de Junín (4000 msnm), Perú, se determinó la composición química proximal, los coeficientes de digestibilidad, el contenido de nutrientes digestibles totales, el consumo voluntario y la ingesta proteica del rastrojo picado de maca. Se utilizaron 4 cuyes machos de 4 meses de edad de la raza Wanka dispuestos en jaulas metabólicas que permiten colectar heces libres de orina. Los contenidos de humedad (H), materia seca (MS), proteína total (PT), extracto etéreo (EE), fibra cruda (FC), extracto libre de nitrógeno (ELN) y ceniza del rastrojo de maca fueron 11.30, 88.70, 6.97, 3.58, 36.35, 44.53 y 8.58%, respectivamente; los coeficientes de digestibilidad de la MS, PT, EE, FC, ELN, materia orgánica (MO) y nutrientes digestibles totales (NDT) del rastrojo de la maca fueron 74.79, 68.00, 75.27, 71.78, 77.08, 74.21 y 71.21%, respectivamente. Los consumos promedio de rastrojo fresco de maca por cuy/día y como porcentaje del peso vivo fueron 21.46 g y 3.25%, respectivamente; mientras que el consumo de MS como porcentaje del peso vivo y en gramos por kilogramo de peso metabólico fue de 2.89% y 146.11 g, respectivamente. La ingesta promedio diaria de proteína por kilogramo de cuy vivo fue de 2 g.
Efecto de la utilización de subproducto de cervecería y sales minerales en vacas cruzadas en ordeño en el trópico peruano
Authors: Del Águila L. Roberto , Reyes A. César , Suárez R. Wilder , Rondón E. Juan , Delgado C. Alfredo , Clavo P. Zoila M.
Published: June 2018

El propósito del estudio fue evaluar la suplementación de residuo seco de cervecería (orujo) y sales minerales (Fosvimin®) en la producción de leche de vacas cruzadas en la zona de Pucallpa, Perú. Se utilizaron tres grupos de seis vacas en diferente fase de lactación y de diverso grado de cruzamiento, pero con predominancia cebú. Los tratamientos fueron: T1 = pastura naturalizada (PN), T2 = PN + 5 kg de orujo seco de cervecería (Os) y T3 = PN + Os + 100 g/vaca de sal mineral. Los tres grupos de vacas fueron enfrentados a los tres tratamientos por periodos de 10 días, en un diseño de bloques completos al azar, donde la producción de leche fue medida entre los días 6 y 10 de cada periodo. Los suplementos de T2 y T3 fueron proporcionados durante el ordeño. El forraje disponible de la pastura naturalizada fue de 2207.6 kg/ha de materia seca. La producción de leche en T1, T2 y T3 fue de 4.5, 4.3 y 4.8 l/vaca/día, respectivamente, habiendo diferencia significativa entre T3 con T2 y T1 (p<0.05). Los resultados  ostraron un efecto benéfico de la suplementación combinada de residuos de cervecería y sales minerales en la producción de leche de vacas al pastoreo.
Efecto del uso de acetato de deslorelina en la inducción de ovulación de yeguas Caballo Peruano de Paso
Authors: Chávez C. Elsa , Baltodano T. Juan , Caballero L. Carlos
Published: June 2018

Se realizó un estudio en 16 yeguas cíclicas Caballo Peruano de Paso de la provincia de Ascope, La Libertad, Perú, entre enero y marzo de 2017, con el fin de evaluar el efecto de la administración de acetato de deslorelina en el tiempo de ovulación y tasa de preñez. Se trabajó con un grupo control (n=8) que no recibió tratamiento y un grupo experimental (n=8) tratado con 1.75 mg de acetato de deslorelina al observar un folículo dominante de 38-40 mm y un grado 2 a 3 de edema endometrial determinado mediante ultrasonido. Las yeguas fueron inseminadas a las 16-24 h posteriores. El monitoreo mediante ultrasonido se continuó hasta registrar la ovulación y el diagnóstico de preñez se hizo a los 13-15 días pos-ovulación. El tiempo de ovulación fue de 43.13 ± 4.48 y 69.00 ± 8.41 h para el grupo experimental y control, respectivamente. El 87.5% (7/8) de las yeguas en el grupo experimental ovularon dentro de las 48 h, mientras que solo el 37.5% (3/8) del grupo control lo hicieron. La tasa de preñez fue de 87% (7/8) en el grupo tratado y 50% (4/8) en el grupo sin tratar; en todos los casos sin encontrase diferencias estadísticas significativas.
Seroprevalencia del virus del Síndrome Reproductivo y Respiratorio Porcino en cerdos de crianza no tecnificada del Perú
Authors: Quevedo V. Miguel , Mantilla S. Jorge , Portilla J. Katherine , Villacaqui A. Rubén , Rivera G, Hermelinda
Published: June 2018

El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la seroprevalencia del virus del Síndrome Reproductivo y Respiratorio Porcino (VPRRS) en cerdos de crianzas no tecnificadas de 23 departamentos del Perú. Se colectaron 4526 muestras de sangre de cerdos machos y hembras mayores de cuatro semanas entre octubre de 2015 y marzo de 2016 para la detección de anticuerpos contra el VPRRS mediante la prueba de ELISA indirecta. El 17.3% (IC95%: 16.3-18.5) de los cerdos tuvieron anticuerpos contra el VPRRS. El promedio de la seroprevalencia del virus fue de 25.7% (IC95%: 23.6-27.9) en los cerdos de la zona centro, seguido por los de la zona norte con 14.8% (IC95%: 12.9-16.7) y zona sur del país con 11.5% (IC95%: 10.0-13.1). La seroprevalencia del VPRRS en los cerdos del departamento de Lima fue de 62.2% (IC95%: 57.7-66.6), seguido por cerdos del departamento de Arequipa con 37.9% (IC95%: 31.1-44.6) y Lambayeque con 31.3% (IC95%: 22.0-40.5). Hubo asociación estadística (p<0.05) entre el sexo de los cerdos y la presencia de anticuerposcontra el VPRRS dentro del grupo de animales de 27 a 52 semanas. La presencia de anticuerpos contra el VPRRS detectado en cerdos de crianza no tecnificada de todo el país indica que los animales fueron expuestos al virus de campo, ya que la prevención de la enfermedad mediante la vacunación no está permitida en el país.