bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Constipation
Authors: Knowles Charles H
Published: January 2021

This review presents an overview of the management of constipation. The review addresses the diagnosis of primary and secondary forms and then discusses in greater detail the investigative workup and modern management of chronic constipation (primary). The review addresses what simple and more advanced investigations are relevant for determining pathophysiology and gives an overview of treatment options, including pharmacologic, behavioral, and surgical approaches for thus defined subgroups of patients (evacuation disorder, slow transit constipation).
This review contains 3 figures, 6 tables, and 89 references.
Psychoactive Medications
Authors: Neavyn Mark J , Babu Kavita M
Published: January 2021

Psychoactive medications are defined as medications that affect the central nervous system neurotransmitter pathways with the intention to modulate mood or consciousness. This broad category of medications includes sedative-hypnotic agents such as benzodiazepines and barbiturates, antidepressants, neuroleptics, and mood stabilizers. The principal source of exposure for these medications is through prescription drug use and misuse. This review discusses the principles of toxicity, immediate stabilization, diagnosis and definitive therapy, and disposition and outcomes related to sedative-hypnotics, antidepressants, neuroleptics, and lithium. Tables include common benzodiazepine and barbiturate compounds, dosing instructions for multidose activated charcoal, flumazenil dosing recommendations, commonly available tricyclic and atypical (noncyclic) antidepressants, dosing recommendations for sodium bicarbonate in serum alkalinization, benzodiazepine dosing recommendations in serotonin syndrome, dosing recommendations for cyproheptadine, signs and symptoms that differentiate  neuroleptic malignant syndrome from serotonin syndrome, and indications for renal replacement therapy based on lithium concentration and clinical setting. Figures show action potentials in the His-Purkinje syndrome, an electrocardiogram tracing demonstrating a terminal R wave, and a QT interval nomogram.
This review contains 2 highly rendered figures, 9 tables, and 101 references.
Extremity Trauma: Nonaxial Skeleton Fractures, Sprains, Dislocations
Authors: Meguerdichian David A. , Eicken John
Published: January 2021

Orthopedic extremity injuries may require emergent orthopedic consultation, but are typically managed by the acute care provider. Initial management for all fractures should focus on providing immediate analgesia and ensuring adequate blood flow distal to the fracture. This review summarizes the assessment and stabilization, diagnosis, treatment and disposition, and outcomes for fractures, dislocations, and sprains. Figures include illustrations of fracture types, carpal bones and their articlulation in the wrist, bones of the hand, the anatomy of the hip demonstrating the areas where hip fractures occur, the Weber classification, the Bohler angle, and fractures of the proximal fifth metatarsal; a bedside sonogram of a fracture of the distal radius; and 10 radiographs showing various fractures and dislocations. Tables list the Gustilo classification of open fractures; common terms used to accurately describe fractures; components of the Ottawa Knee Rules and the Ottawa Ankle/Foot Rules; Schatzker classification system of tibial plateau fractures; common fractures of the hand and foot, respectively, with their associated treatment, splint, and recommended follow-up; normal anatomic alignments that should be assessed on radiographic evaluation of a possible Lisfranc injury; common splints and the associated fractures they are used to treat; AC joint injuries graded according to the severity of injury to the joint structures; and the four stages of worsening lunate instablity.
This review contains 18 highly rendered figures, 11 tables, and 98 references.
Pediatric Seizures and Status Epilepticus
Authors: Retterath Lindsey , Woolridge Dale
Published: January 2021

Seizures represent a common neurologic complaint among pediatric patients in the emergency department (ED). They can be classified as generalized or focal. In terms of etiology, seizures are most basically broken down into “acute symptomatic” seizures, which are due to another primary medical cause, and unprovoked seizures which occur as a primary pathology. Febrile seizures are the most common types of seizures in children, which themselves can be simple or complex. The most concerning seizures are those which associate with meningismus, encephalitis, metabolic derangements, intracranial mass, and, of course those which progress to status epilepticus. Significantly, it is appropriate and even critical to assume status epilepticus and intervene accordingly whenever a child arrives to the ED seizing for an unspecified period of time. This review covers the initial evaluation, resuscitation, management, work-up, and disposition of pediatric patients who present to the emergency room with seizures. Figures in this chapter illustrate stepwise and algorithmic approaches to initial management, expanded differential, systematic diagnostic approach, and disposition for pediatric patients presenting with seizures and status epilepticus. Tables list important physical exam components for evaluating children with seizures, classifications of seizures, common seizure look-alikes in children, features of febrile seizures, etiologies of pediatric seizures.
Key Words: Pediatric seizures, febrile seizures, pediatric neurologic emergencies, pediatric emergency medicine, status epilepticus
Pediatric Minor Head Injury and Concussion
Authors: Scarboro Chad , Lawson Simone
Published: January 2021

Head injury is one of the most common reasons children present to the emergency department (ED) and the leading cause of pediatric death and disability. Head injuries can range from having no neurologic deficits to death. Management in the ED centers on determining if there is a serious brain injury and preventing secondary brain injury. In most cases of mild traumatic brain injury, serious injuries can be ruled out based on the history of the injury, associated symptoms, and clinical assessment. Concussion is a common presentation of head injury and encompasses a wide range of symptoms. Computed tomography should be used judiciously, and extensive research has led to algorithms to aid in this decision. Prior to discharge from the ED, parents will often have questions about when their child may resume normal activity. This is a decision that most often will involve the patient’s primary care provider or a concussion specialist as the ED provider is unable to follow progression or resolution of symptoms. However, the ED provider should be able to provide anticipatory guidance.

This review contains 5 figures, 7 tables, and 48 references.
Keywords: computed tomography, concussion, head injury, mild traumatic brain injury, traumatic brain injury
Diagnosis and Treatment of States of Shock
Authors: Taha Ahmed Reda
Published: January 2021

Diagnosis and Treatment of States of Shock
Acute Kidney Injury in Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Valero Monica G , Cooper Zara
Published: January 2021

Acute kidney injury is a common disease that affects critically ill patients and increases morbidity and mortality. Even though there have been extensive efforts to prevent this disease, the incidence has steadily increased over the last decade. This could be attributed to better recognition or to overestimation of the disease based on the most recent consensus criteria. Complications of acute kidney injury have a significant effect on quality of life, morbidity, and mortality. Despite advances in the field, this disease continues to be a challenge, and decreasing the mortality associated with it remains difficult. Plenty of literature has been published about the appropriate definition, diagnosis, and treatment of the disease. One of the topics of ongoing discussion deals with the lack of consensus about the exact timing for initiation of renal replacement therapy (RRT). Even though RRT adds more complexity to the treatment, recent publications suggest that early versus late initiation of RRT is related to reduced mortality in critically ill patients. Further high-level studies of this intervention are warranted to standardize treatment.
This review contains 5 figures, 7 tables, and 77 references.              
Key words: Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN), acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO), renal biomarkers, replacement therapy, Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss of kidney function and End-stage kidney disease (RIFLE)
Surgical Management of the Urinary Tract for the Prune-Belly (Triad) Syndrome
Authors: Joseph David B.
Published: January 2021

Urinary reconstruction is tempting based on the impressive abnormal findings that are revealed on imaging. The abnormal appearance of the urinary system by itself is not enough to warrant reconstruction. Reconstruction should only be undertaken when there is clear clinical evidence that stagnant urine leads to urinary tract infections and/or obstruction that is associated with renal compromise. This chapter describes temporary and permanent upper and lower urinary reconstructions. Particular consideration is given to the pathophysiology of prune belly syndrome and the disproportionate dilation and dysfunction of the distal ureter when undertaking ureteral remodeling. The techniques of ureteral folding and formal excisional ureteral tapering are described stressing the importance of vascular preservation. The role of reduction cystoplasty is placed in perspective of short- and long-term benefits.
This review contains 18 references.
Key Words: Eagle-Barrett syndrome, megacystis, megaureter, prune-belly syndrome, tapered ureteral reimplant, triad syndrome, ureteral reconstruction, urinary diversion, bladder reduction.
Erectile Dysfunction: Surgical Treatment (Vascular and Prosthetic Surgery)
Authors: Farrell M Ryan , Levine Laurence A , Abdelsayed George A
Published: January 2021

Surgical treatment oferectile dysfunction (ED) can be considered in men who either fail or elect to avoid further nonoperative modalities. For patients with an organic etiology of ED, a penile prosthesis can be placed. There are multiple approaches available for penile prosthesis implantation including penoscrotal, infrapubic, and subcoronal. Furthermore, the location of reservoir placement should be considered, either within the space of Retzius or at an ectopic submuscular location according to patient factors. Potential intraoperative and postoperative complications of penile prosthesis implantation are also reviewed. Alternatively, for young and otherwise healthy men with ED secondary to focal arterial insufficiency often in the setting of pelvic trauma, penile microarterial bypass surgery is an effective treatment option.

This review contains 6 figures, 2 tables, and 48 references. 
Key words:erectile dysfunction, inflatable penile prosthesis, malleable penile prosthesis, surgical technique, intraoperative complications, postoperative complications, arterial revascularization
Insulin Resistance Is Associated With Enhanced Brain Glucose Uptake During Euglycemic Hyperinsulinemia: A Large-Scale PET Cohort
Authors: Rebelos Eleni , Bucci Marco , Karjalainen Tomi , Oikonen Vesa , Bertoldo Alessandra , Hannukainen Jarna C. , Virtanen Kirsi A. , Latva-Rasku Aino , Hirvonen Jussi , Heinonen Ilkka , Parkkola Riitta , Laakso Markku , Ferrannini Ele , Iozzo Patricia , Nummenmaa Lauri , Nuutila Pirjo
Published: January 2021

Objective Whereas
insulin resistance is expressed as reduced glucose uptake in peripheral
tissues, the relationship between insulin resistance and brain glucose
metabolism remains controversial. Our
aim was to examine the association of insulin resistance and brain glucose
uptake (BGU) during a euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp in a large sample of
subjects across a wide range of age and insulin sensitivity.

Research Design and Methods [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET) data from 194 subjects
scanned under clamp conditions were compiled from a single-center cohort. BGU was quantified by the fractional uptake
rate. We examined the association of
age, sex, M value from the clamp, steady-state insulin and free fatty acids levels,
C-reactive protein, HbA1c, and presence of type 2 diabetes
with BGU using Bayesian hierarchical modeling.

Results Insulin
sensitivity, indexed by the M value, was associated negatively with BGU in all brain regions, confirming that in insulin
resistant subjects BGU is enhanced during euglycemic hyperinsulinemia. In addition, the presence of type 2 diabetes
was associated with a further increase in BGU.
On the contrary, age was negatively related to BGU. Steady-state
insulin levels, C-reactive protein, free fatty acids, sex, and HbA1c were not associated with
BGU.

Conclusions In this large cohort of subjects of either sex across a wide range of
age and insulin sensitivity, insulin
sensitivity is the best predictor of brain glucose uptake.
Ethephon Reduces Lodging and Enhances Seed Yield and Quality in Onion
Authors:   ICAR-Directorate of Onion and Garlic Research, Pune Maharashtra (410 505), India, Yalamalle V. R. , Arunachalam T. ,   ICAR-Directorate of Onion and Garlic Research, Pune Maharashtra (410 505), India, Kumari R. ,   ICAR-Directorate of Onion and Garlic Research, Pune Maharashtra (410 505), India, Ithape D. M. ,   ICAR-Directorate of Onion and Garlic Research, Pune Maharashtra (410 505), India, Ghosh S. ,   ICAR-Directorate of Onion and Garlic Research, Pune Maharashtra (410 505), India, Singh M. ,   ICAR-Directorate of Onion and Garlic Research, Pune Maharashtra (410 505), India
Published: January 2021

Onion is an important vegetable crop grown in almost all parts of the World as a flavouring agent in food preparation. It is propagated by seeds and the seed crop is affected by several fungal, viral and bacterial diseases which cause lodging and reduces the seed yield and quality. Onion seed crop was sprayed with different concentration of ethephon (0, 100, 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 ppm) for two duration at 45 or 45+60 days after planting during (DAP) during 2018-19 and 2019-20 rabi seasons. The effect of ethephon on seed yield and seed quality was studied. In comparison to control ethephon application significantly reduced scape length and % lodging by 38.73% and 42.52% respectively. There was 31.90% and 89% enhancement in scape diameter and yield respectively. Ethephon spray also enhanced seed quality, highest germination and seed vigour was recorded in plants sprayed with 600 ppm ethephon at 45 and 60 DAP which was 19% and 51.65% higher than control. Highest seedling dry weight was observed in plants sprayed with 100 ppm ethephon at 45 DAP. Among the treatments, 100 and 200 ppm ethephon applied at 45 DAP had lower lodging and higher seed yield and seed quality. Hence spraying of onion seed crop with 100 ppm ethephon at 45 DAP is beneficial for getting higher seed yield and quality.
Life of Cops at Work Areas and their Social Relationships with the Society
Authors:   Centurion University of Technology and Management, Odisha (761 211), India, Chakravarthy Parle Kalyan
Published: January 2021

Stress is a symptom of imbalance in health in daily life. The more stress, the individual health life becomes more painful. It is a psychological disorder for every individual who is in pressure, anxiety, hyper tension and so on. From the Two-corner side of stress, sometimes the Eu-stress brings positive nature in individual life and sometimes the distress makes people conscious. Stressors always suffer with psychological, Physical health problems when they are in duty which also reflects in the work-life balance with family members. Sometimes they face burnout situations which lead to suicidal thoughts and also burnout occurs more frequently among professionals who work with other persons, especially as service providers while they face with them by some situations. This paper focussed on the two district Police Constables to find the stress levels at work. The districts are in Odisha state i.e. Gajapathi district, border to Andhra Pradesh and Nuapada District, border to Chhattisgarh state to find the outcomes associated with Social and individual life. Data has been analysed by Independent T-test, Pearson Correlation test and also Factor analysis has been taken to find the gender wise with social domain variables and descriptive statistics has been taken to find the general values. Findings and suggestions has been given based on the results and along with the strategies to make them free with situational stress life.
Enterprise Risk Management to Minimizing Financial Distress Condition Using Analytical Hierarchy Process Method in PT. XYZ
Authors: Mukhlis Ervie Nur Afifa , Damayanti Sylviana Maya
Published: January 2021

PT. XYZ as one of telecommunications infrastructure providers that suffered losses gave a strong signal that the company was experiencing financial distress. Altman z-score is used to know the condition of the company. The result of Altman z-score analysis company has to further analyze the cause of financial distress. To prevent the company from bankruptcy risk, we cannot only focus on the financial aspect but also from various aspect. Enterprise risk management is used as a tool to identify what risks that could lead companies to experience financial distress and which risk should be mitigated. Risk assessment in this study using the analytic hierarchy process to check and reduce the expert inconsistency. After conducting risk management process, monitoring and review as the final step and implementation of this study. The result from this study is most of the risk are classified into high and medium risk can be mitigate by reduce or transfer the risk depend on the most suitable risk treatment. There are risks that classified as low risk, environment risk and promotion risk.
Online Shopping Behaviour among International Students from Belt & Road Countries in China
Authors: Islam Md Shohidul
Published: January 2021

The rapid transformation of e-platforms and the growth of e-commerce in China provide consumers with the most advanced channels and creative options for buying and selling through online podium. Online shopping is categorically going to be the world's future shopping mode. Besides, The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) of China aims to place the world on a new trajectory of higher growth and human development through the connectivity of infrastructure, increased trade, and investment. Cross-border online shopping has become one of the forthcoming prime business models through the implication of the Belt & Road Initiative. By analyzing the representative group of consumers from Belt & Road countries, this study is to explore possible guiding constraints about online shopping decisions that may assist to understand behavioral traits to cross-border online shopping. In the expansion of online shopping, consumers, particularly young people, and students play the most important role. It is, therefore, imperative for companies to investigate and consider the factors that affect the decision of students and young people to get online shopping. This paper has attempted to explore various factors that will affect the online shopping decision of consumers particularly from Belt & Road countries. During this analysis, a qualitative study approach was adopted and a sample of 105 higher education students from the Belt & Road Initiative (BRI) countries studying at Capital Normal University was drawn up. The study will ascertain the ‘Online Shopping Behaviors’ of typical consumers from BRI (Belt & Road) countries to explore a wider direction for cross-border online shopping decisions. It is discovered that online shopping makes life easier, and it is not so far that online shopping can infinitely overtake conventional physical shopping in the whole world.
A Rare Case of Burkholderia Pseudomallie Presenting as Brain Abscess
Authors: Sibil Allen S. , Kumar Suresh S. , Aiswariya Alex
Published: January 2021

Rationale: Meiliodosis is an extremely rare condition in Neurosurgery which is caused by the gram negative organism Burkholderia pseudomallie. Burkholderia pseudomallei (also known as Pseudomonas pseudomallei) is a Gram-negative, bipolar, aerobic, motile rod-shaped bacterium. It is a soil-dwelling bacterium endemic in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide, particularly in Thailand and northern Australia. It infects humans and animals and causes the disease melioidosis. It is also capable of infecting plants. If treatment is below par or delayed, this infection can produce diverse clinical symptoms and result in death.

Patient Concerns: A 52 year old female, known case of Type 2 Diabetes mellitus on insulin, presented with complaints of a swelling in the left parieto-occipital region since 2 months & headache since 1 month. She had a past history of a fall from scooter 7 months ago, which then was not radiologically imaged. Patient was, otherwise, conscious, oriented and had no focal neurological deficit.

Diagnosis: left parieto-occipital space occupying lesion confirmed by Ct brain and [mri + mrv] brain and culture and sensitivity of fluid aspirate showed moderate growth of burkholderia pseudomallie.

Interventions: Intravenous Ceftazidime [1 g/12 h] was administered in-hospital for 4 weeks (Intensive Phase) and Oral Cotrimoxazole (Trimethoprim + sulfomethoxazole) {TAB.BACTRIM DS} twice daily was administered out-hospital (Maintenance Phase).

Patient underwent Left parieto-occipital abscess drainage and debridement [Pus sent for Culture and Sensitivity] – Abscess drainage and removal of irregular thinned out bone around the skull defect + Biopsies sent from small extradural collection near the skull defect.Intravenous Ceftazidime was continued and discharged with Oral Cotrimoxazole (Trimethoprim + sulfomethoxazole).
Wash Practices in Schools, Cameroon
Authors: Manjong-Kofete Mercy A. , Yongabi Kenneth A. , Mbacham Wilfred F.
Published: January 2021

This study investigated the influence of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WaSH) management on the bacteriological quality of students’ palms in some schools within the Bamenda municipality, to serve as baseline data for strengthening of hygiene management and health policies in schools. The study employed a descriptive cross-sectional approach with data generated through questionnaires, swabbing of the palms of selected students and doorknobs, as well as culturing of the swabs for microbial identification. SPSS version 16.0 was used for data analysis and Chi-square test to determine significant differences in the level of bacteria on the palms of participants by gender. None of the schools met WHO standards, and the gap between toilet usage and hand washing after defecation was very significant (p < 0.0001). Bacteria isolated included: Staphylococcus spp (63%), Escherichia coli (31%), Enterobacter sp (10%), Bacillus sp (10%), and Coliforms (5%). Two Fungi species: Yeast (10%) and Moulds (3%) were also isolated. The content of the curriculum, teaching and assessment mechanism for the WaSH programme management in schools was found to be in need of greater attention, schools and local governments focus on it being below expectation.
Effect of Vitamin D on Elastin and Collagen Expression: In Vitro Study of Pelvic Organ Prolapse Prevention
Authors: Rahajeng . , Nurseta Tatit , Rahardjo Bambang , Irwanto Yahya , Suseno Daniel Alexander
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Pelvic organ prolapse is defined as abnormal protrusion of the pelvic organ beyond its normal anatomical site. It occurs due to the structural weakness of the connective tissue that plays a role in supporting the uterus on the pelvic floor, specifically elastin and collagen. Our study evaluated the effect of vitamin D [1,25(OH)2D3] in preventing pelvic organ prolapse by aggregating elastin and collagen expression.

Material and Methods: A true experimental research was carried out by assessing the cell cultures of sacro-uterine ligament from female patients who underwent hysterectomy. The cell cultures were divided into groups that were exposed to vitamin D at different concentrations of 100 µM, 200 µM, 400 µM, 800 µM, and control without any exposure. The expression of elastin and collagen was subsequently analyzed using immunofluorescence and ELISA method.

Results: This study showed that exposure to vitamin D significantly affected elastin expression (p-value <0.05). The concentration found to be the most effective to induce elastin expression is at 400 µM. Vitamin D also significantly affected the collagen expression (p-value <0.05), with the concentration found to be the most effective to induce collagen expression is at 800 µM.

Conclusion: This study suggested that vitamin D had a significant positive effect of increasing extracellular matrix expression and potentially become a preventive agent for pelvic organ prolapse. Vitamin D is widely available in tropical countries like Indonesia, so this preparation is considered very easy for Indonesian women to apply.
PELATIHAN PENGEMBANGAN E-LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN INOVASI GURU DALAM PEMBELAJARAN DI SMK N 1 LINTONGNIHUTA
Authors: Simamora Edison
Published: January 2021

Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian tindakan sekolah ini adalah: (1) mengetahui penggunaan metode e-learning dapat meningkatkan proses pembelajaran guru mata pelajaran di SMK; (2) mengetahui bagaimanakah menerapkan pembelajaran metode e-learning untuk semua guru mata pelajaran di SMK; dan (3) mengetahui bagaimanakah peran dan kompetensi guru mata pelajaran SMK yang diperlukan dalam menerapkan pembelajaran dengan metode e-learning. Metode penelitian adalah penelitian tindakan sekolah, dengan subyek penelitian adalah SMK N 1 Lintongnihuta . Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) menumbuhkan dan rangsangan bagi guru. Guru akan lebih bergairah belajar internet, email dan blogger karena mereka sadar dan menganggap itu suatu kebutuhan; (2) mampu memberdayakan sekaligus membuat guru aktif. dalam pembuatan setting internet, email dan blogger. Karena internet, email dan blogger; dan (3) guru akan terlatih melakukan praktik-praktik dan berinteraksi menggunakan e-learning bersama teman-temannya tanpa mereka sadari sebelumnya dan juga dalam pengembangan pembelajaran inovatif dan kreatif untuk meningkatkan kompetensi guru. Kata Kunci: inovasi guru,  pembelajaran,  pelatihan pengembangan e-learning  Abstract: The objectives of this school action research are: (1) knowing the use of e-learning method can improve the learning process of subject teachers in SMK; (2) knowing how to apply e-learning method for all subject teachers in Vocational High School; and (3) knowing the roles and competencies of vocational school teachers needed in implementing e-learning method. The research method is school action research, with the research subject is Vocational High School N 1 Lintongnihuta. The results of this study indicate that: (1) grow and stimulate teachers. Teachers will be more passionate about learning the internet, email and blogger because they are aware and consider it a necessity; (2) able to empower and make teachers active. in setting up internet, email and blogger. Because of the internet, email and blogger; and (3) teachers will be trained to do practices and interact using e-learning with their peers without them knowing it beforehand and also in developing innovative and creative learning to improve teacher competence. Keywords: teacher innovation, learning, e-learning development training
Cyberbullying: a brief research study emphasizing junior high students’ perceptions
regarding the cyberbullying phenomenon
Authors: Chiș Olga , Lung Adina V.
Published: January 2021

The present study is a result of a psycho-pedagogical experiment with junior high students’ perceptions regarding the cyberbullying phenomenon. The experimental program, based on a needs analysis and carried out by the survey method (questionnaire developed by the authors), was used to increase and measure students' awareness of the cyberbullying phenomenon. While some students consider cyberbullying a major issue, others do not acknowledge its presence. The psycho-pedagogical experiment focused on a set of strategies for preventing, combatting and approaching (coping with) the elements and specific situations of cyberbullying, communication with an adult, interpersonal communication at group level, role-playing, games, etc. The activities in the experimental program were meant to prevent the phenomenon of cyberbullying and placed a special emphasis on the key role of parents and educators in assisting students.
Educational Change - Easy to Say, Hard to Do: Teachers’ Perceptions towards Introducing Innovative Teaching Approaches
Authors: Seter Zehava , Stan Cristian
Published: January 2021

"Computers, communication, and internet technologies have led to significant changes in learning and teaching. The constructivist approach in education puts learners at the center of the teaching process and actively makes them construct their knowledge, developing 21st century skills required for tomorrow’s world. Despite advances in the process of integrating technology into teaching, a significant gap still exists between promise and actual reality. Implementation of computer technologies depends on many complex factors, one of which is teachers’ perceptions of assimilating computerization into their teaching methods. This research is part of a broader study examining techno-pedagogical change in a high school in Israel.
The current study focuses on the process of constructing, testing, and validating a questionnaire examining teachers’ attitudes toward pedagogical innovation and assimilating technological skills into teaching. The validation process was done by an exploratory factor analysis to detect cases with low variability and explore the dimensionality of each survey instrument. This was complemented by a confirmatory phase. The results showed high reliability and stable dimensions in the instruments.
This study's importance is in constructing an original instrument that examines the extent to which high school teachers adopt innovative pedagogies assimilating technological tools. This study may have a universal contribution because the instrument can be used across countries and cultures."
The role of feedback in the teaching-learning process
Authors: Muste Delia
Published: January 2021

"Feedback can be considered as the totality of information that is provided to the student, parent, or teacher regarding the student's performance, concerning learning objectives or learning outcomes and aims to improve learning among students. It has the role of reorienting the actions of the teacher, parent, or student in the direction of achieving specific goals of the learning process by aligning the effort and activity with a certain expected result. It can be offered about the results of the activity, the process itself, the way the student manages his learning or self-regulates in the learning activities. The power of feedback comes from the fact that he can straighten, maintain a good attitude, or change a student's behavior.
Giving direct but at the same time, empathetic feedback means allowing students to express their opinion, to give feedback in turn, to contradict you, or to recognize the problems when they arise. But all this requires tact, empathy, and understanding, because only in this way can we, the teachers, correct, direct and manage the challenges, in parallel with building communities in which students collaborate and care about each other. Feedback allows the other person to receive a real response to his action and is constructive when referring only to the action itself and nothing else."
Neuroscientific Connections Between Self-Management Strategies and the Exposure to Music
Authors: Bălan-Budoiu Oana-Mihaela
Published: January 2021

"Contemporary society shows a growing preoccupation with identifying certain techniques, that facilitate personal development in all fields, with strategies that work swiftly and effectively. The article focuses on two scientifically concepts stemming from opposing historical boundaries, catharsis and self-management, in order to support the theory that would justify the necessity of integrating art into people’s lives as an essential part of self-development processes. The arguments are gathered from the neuroscientific, cognitive-motivational, sociological, philosophical, and musicological literature.

Keywords: management, art, language, methodologies, cognition, music therapy.
"
Religious Chants – The Diversity of Church Hymns Types
Authors: Mocanu Daniel
Published: January 2021

"In the Romanian musical space, in the Orthodox Church hymns’ repertoire, there is a great variety of non-liturgical chants intended to be sung in different moments of the liturgy. The moments these chants can be introduced are during the kinonikón, the believers’ communion and the end of the liturgy. Either they are called kinonikón, hymns, Calophonic Hirmos, spiritual or liturgical chants; the religious chants became a part of the Orthodox rite, training the Christians ‘community in the church chant. Having appeared in diverse historical contexts and being written by Byzantine music composers, by priests, by church singers and local liturgical communities, these religious chants have deeply been rooted both in the ancient liturgy ritual, and in the different moments of religious activities, pilgrimages, conferences, spiritual gatherings. Having an extremely accessible melodic line and being constructed on doxological, doctrinarian and moralizing character texts, the religious chants are an efficient means of making the Christian communities more dynamic.

Keywords: kinonikón, hymn, religious chants "
The Sound of India In Maurice Delage’s Quatre Poèmes Hindous
Authors: Karácsony Noémi
Published: January 2021

"French composer and pianist Maurice Delage wrote several significant works inspired by his personal contact with the Orient. His travels to India inspired Delage to use innovative sound effects in his compositions, as well as to require his performers to adapt their vocal or instrumental technique to obtain the sound desired by the composer. His representation of the Orient is not a mere evocation of the Other, as is the case with most orientalist works, rather it reflects the composer’s desire to endow Western music with the purity, strength, and vivid colors which he discovered and admired in Indian music. The present paper presents the historical and artistic background which inspired and influenced Delage, the relationship between France and India in the early 20th century and reveals the composer’s idealistic point of view regarding India, its culture, and its music. The analysis focuses on the mélodie cycle Quatre poèmes hindous, composed between 1912 and 1913, striving to reveal the Indian influences in the work of Delage and the way orientalism is represented in French music from the first decades of the 20th century. Keywords: orientalism, France, India, 20th century, Maurice Delage"
ANALISIS NOSIBAGI PENGOLAHAN KAPUK DALAM TINJAUAN HUKUM ISLAM DI DESA DALAKA KECAMATAN SINDUE
Authors: Tresnifah Bte Amir Enik
Published: January 2021

This thesis is entitled Nosibagi Analysis of Kapuk Processing in Islamic Law Review in Dalaka Village, Sindue Subdistrict, by stating the main problem, How is the analysis of the Nosibagi kapok processing in Dalaka Village, Sindue District and how Islamic law reviews the Nosibagi system for kapok processing in Dalaka Village, Sindue District The method uses qualitative methods with data and data observation approaches starting from the beginning, where the author sees and analyzes things that are pleasing to the required data, especially Nosibagi (profit sharing) processing of kapok in Dalaka Village, Sindue District. Based on the results of the study, it shows that, First, the Nosibagi analysis of kapok processing in Dalaka Village, Sindue Subdistrict, is carried out orally among the parties concerned, with the provision of mutual trust with each other with a 50/50% share, including the owner of the capital and the manager. Second, in the review of Islamic law, this division prioritizes the value of justice for the parties concerned, where the owner of the capital does not take all of his shares if the sales of cotton mattresses and pillows are lacking, and the owner of the capital gives bonuses to managers in order to get more results. Managers, it is better to maintain the level of fairness in the distribution of the results of kapok processing which can be developed downward. Even though the agreement was made orally. It is hoped that the Government will pay more attention to the business of kapok processing so that the agreement is carried out well, as well as provide training on how to share good results according to Islamic law.
TINJAUAN HUKUM EKONOMI SYARIAH TERHADAP SISTEM PENJUALANBERJENJANG PADA PAYTREN PT. VERITRA SENTOSA INTERNASIONAL BANDUNG (STUDI MITRA PAYTREN DI PALU)
Authors: Wahidah Nurul
Published: January 2021

The results of this study indicate that the PayTren tiered sales system in Palu has almost fulfilled the sales criteria in sharia economic law such as the fulfillment of pillars and requirements in selling and buying, there are no elements of maisir, immorality, or money games, there is no excessive sale of products that can harm. consumers, companies also provide ujrah according to the real work done by business partners, and there is no passive bonus. However, there are still elements of usury and gharar and the company has not yet fully provided comfort for its partners who make losses on the one hand.It is hoped that the company will pay more attention to and improve technicians in solving problems experienced by its partners and the company must also maintain a tiered sales system that is truly sharia in order to avoid buying and selling transactions that are prohibited by sharia. The partners are also expected to be able to maintain the good name of the company by always following the guidelines that have been made by the company and the regulations that apply in Indonesia.
AS739, AT693, AU197 and AU734 antibodies label the spike S protein from SARS-CoV-2 by western blot
Authors: Lazzarotto Célia , Schmid Marie N. , Ollivier Julien , Vaudano Alexandre P. , Da Fonte Sara , Payot Nina , Nemeth Anthony , Bindschaedler Clément , Khatibi Khatiba , Chammartin Nylsa , Jaques Emma , El Matribi Zacharie , Berkcan Serkan , Volery Maxime , Gozlugol Ezgi , Gosetto Margaux , Oppliger Ezia , Gil Daniel , Poncet Clément , Sassi Ali , Guilhen Cyril
Published: January 2021

The recombinant antibodies AS739, AT693, AU197 and AU734 detect by western blot the spike S protein from SARS-CoV-2.
Work-related stress in specialists in occupational health in Croatia: a pilot study
Authors: Radulović Azra Huršidić , Varošanec Ana Marija
Published: January 2021

The aim of this study was to assess psychosocial stress-related risks in 70 specialists in occupational health (SOHs) who answered the questionnaire designed in 2016 by the Croatian Institute of Public Health – Department of Occupational Health. The average score of 119.7 points (±28.9; range: 38–175) of maximum 275 points revealed medium level of stress. Eighteen respondents had a high level of stress (>135 points). The most prominent and the only stressor with high stress scores was pressure at work, paperwork and multitasking items in particular. After having grouped the SOHs into three groups by type of organisation in which they work, our results singled out SOHs working in public institutions as having the highest levels of stress (average of 143 points). They reported high pressure at work, work overload, and poor relationship with superiors (in terms of communication and support). SOHs working in healthcare centres and private outpatient clinics also reported higher pressure at work, but the latter had no problems with relationship with superiors, while healthcare centre SOHs complained of work underload and advancement constraints. Differences in relationship with superiors, disagreement/conflicts at work and advancement constraints reflect different organisation of work, which was confirmed by later analysis of subgroups. The findings of this pilot study could be of value for SOHs who are engaged in training programmes as examiners and educators, yet they call for further improvement of the questionnaire and for continued investigation that could give a better insight into the role of various stressors in work efficiency and satisfaction among SOHs.
Potensi Minyak Atsiri Cananga odorata dan Cymbopogon citratus Dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 dan Candida albicans ATCC 10231 Secara In Vitro
Authors: Kurnilia Kadek Wegi , Sudirga Sang Ketut , Ramona Yan
Published: January 2021

Tanaman Cananga odorata dan Cymbopogon citratus merupakan tanaman penghasil minyak atsiri yang memiliki khasiat antimikroba. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui potensi minyak atsiri kedua jenis tanaman tersebut dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus dan Candida albicans. Nilai MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) minyak atsiri C.odorata dan C.citratus dengan perbandingan 1:1 terhadap S.aureus dan C.albicans juga ditentukan dalam penelitian ini. Bioassay dilakukan pada medium Nutrient Agar (NA) atau Potato Dextriose Agar (PDA) yang ditambahkan dengan minyak atsiri kedua tanaman dengan perbandingan konsentrasi yang bervariasi. Medium yang ditambahkan aquades steril berperan sebagai kontrol. Data yang diperoleh pada penelitian ini dianalisis secara kuantitatif dengan bantuan software SPSS For Windows versi 22. Bila diperoleh hasil yang berbeda nyata pada p<0.05, maka analisis dilanjutkan dengan uji jarak berganda Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua perlakuan pada penelitian ini mengeliminasi bakteri S.aureus. Sementara itu, C.albicans tidak terhambat pertumbuhannya oleh perlakuan 100% minyak atsiri bunga C.odorata. Eliminasi kamir ini terjadi ketika minyak atsiri bunga kenanga dikombinasi dengan minyak atsiri daun serai dapur. Jika dibandingkan dengan kontrol, semua perlakuan minyak atsiri dengan perbandingan yang bervariasi menunjukkan hasil yang berbeda nyata (p<0.05). Nilai MIC campuran minyak atsiri dengan perbandingan 1:1 pada S.aureus  (MRSA) dan C.albicans  (SC5314) berturut-turut adalah 0,1% dan 2,6%.

 

Kata-kata kunci: minyak atsiri, Cananga odorata, Cymbopogon citratus, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans
Struktur Populasi Ikan Tuna Mata Besar (Thunnus obesus) Dengan Analisis DNA Mikrosatelit Di Perairan Samudera Hindia
Authors: Batti Andi Bahtiar , Pharmawati Made , Mahardika I Gusti Ngurah Kade
Published: January 2021

Tuna mata besar (Thunnus obesus) merupakan salah satu komoditi ekspor perikanan tuna utama di Indonesia akibatnya intensitas penangkapan tuna mata besar mengalami peningkatan di Samudera Hindia sehingga perlu adanya pengelolaan dan pemanfaatan secara berkesinambungan dalam waktu jangka panjang maka diperlukan pemahaman tentang struktur populasi. Sebanyak 30 sampel jaringan sirip dari tuna mata besar dikumpulkan dari 2 (dua) populasi di Samudera Hindia (barat Sumatera dan selatan Nusa Tenggara) selama Desember 2015 sampai dengan Mei 2016. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi  struktur populasi tuna mata besar di Samudera Hindia dengan analisis mikrosatelit. Analisis DNA di lakukan di laboratorium Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Budidaya Laut, Gondol dan 1st Base - Singapura. Manfaat penelitian ini adalah memberikan data dan informasi mengenai struktur populasi. Hasil penelitian dengan analisis AMOVA (Analysis of Moleculer Varians) menunjukkan bahwa populasi tuna mata besar di Samudera Hindia barat Sumatera serta selatan Nusa Tenggara masih satu populasi
PRISON BY HUMAN RIGHTS’ LENS AND COVID19 PANDEMIC – THE BRAZILIAN CRISIS
Authors: Brandao Claudio , Feitosa Renato
Published: January 2021

From the eighteenth century, prison was raised to the main response of Criminal law. This happened for a political reason, namely the creation of State. In this context, incorporations that the ideologies and characteristics of later centuries brought to prison entail an aporia. To face this crisis, Human rights has produced minimum criteria that should guide the actions of States. The COVID19 pandemic caused urgency of segment of these criteria and the Brazilian case is brought up as an example of failures of most UN member states.
Assessing Forms and Functions of Aggression of High School Students
Authors: Trang Le Thi Huyen , Minh Dang Hoang
Published: January 2021

This study was conducted in the context of an increasing number of reported cases of bullying, school violence, and juvenile crimes in Vietnam. Aggressive behaviors were associated with school violence. The objective of this study was to assess four types of aggression expressed simultaneously by form and function in high school students. A cross-sectional study consisted of 644 high school students in Hanoi and Hung Yen province. Peer Conflict Scale was used. The results showed that 99.4% of students reported aggressive behavior, with 30.4% reporting "often" and 20.8% reporting "always" doing at least one aggressive behavior. Reactive-overt aggression was reported the most. Proactive – overt aggression was reported the least. Unlike many previous studies, female students exhibited a higher level of aggression than male students. Positive correlation was found among 4 types of agreesion. Logistic regression analysis showed that one type of agreesion could predict the others Research findings are useful developing classroom management plans and psychological support for students.
MODEL KOMUNIKASI DA’I DALAM PEMBINAAN ROHANI PADA MANTAN PEKERJA SEKS KOMERSIAL DI KOTA PADANG
Authors: Roem Elva Ronaning , Novarisa Ghina , Sarmiati Sarmiati
Published: January 2021

One way of ex-Commercial Sex Workers to be accepted in society is by studying religion and looking for preachers who can help them understand religious communication. Meanwhile, the Da'i provide religious communication through da'wah to try to save ex-Commercial Sex Workers to get the right path. This research focuses on social phenomena about how Da'i's communication experience provides lessons through religious communication of spiritual coaching in former prostitution at Padang City. The experience can be seen from three aspects, namely religious communication of former prostitution in spiritual formation based on subjective experiences, symbolic interaction forms constructed by Da'i in conveying religious communication to ex-prostitutes and how Da'i constructs religious communication behavior in former prostitution after resign as sex worker. This research uses a qualitative method with a constructive paradigm. The data collection method is interview, observation and documentation. The informants of this research are da'I and former prostitution. This research was analyzed and dissected with phenomenological, symbolic interactional theory and reality construction. The results of this study are the communication of the Dai Religion in Spiritual Development in Former Prostitution in Padang conducted the first stage of the Moral Development method, the Second Stage of self-transformation and the third Stage of intellectual capacity building. Symbolic interaction is shown by Dai in communicating communication messages through verbal symbols that is more to language. Construction of the Meaning of Former prostitution by Dai to former prostituses after quitting employment in disguised prostitution is that ex-prostitution must be appreciated.