bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Marginal Life-Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Electricity Generation in Portugal and Implications for Electric Vehicles
Authors: Garcia Rita , Freire Fausto
Published: November 2016

This article assesses marginal greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of electricity generation in Portugal to understand the impact of activities that affect electricity demand in the near term. In particular, it investigates the introduction of electric vehicles (EVs) in the Portuguese light-duty fleet considering different displacement and charging scenarios (vehicle technologies displaced, EV charging time). Coal and natural gas were identified as the marginal sources, but their contribution to the margin depended on the hour of the day, time of year, and system load, causing marginal emissions from electricity to vary significantly. Results show that for an electricity system with a high share of non-dispatchable renewable power, such as the Portuguese system, marginal emissions are considerably higher than average emissions. Because of the temporal variability in the marginal electricity supply, the time of charging may have a major influence on the GHG emissions of EVs. Off-peak charging leads to higher GHG emissions than peak charging, due to a higher contribution of coal to the margin. Furthermore, compared to an all-conventional fleet, EV introduction causes an increase in overall GHG emissions in most cases. However, EV effects are very dependent on the time of charging and the assumptions about the displaced technology.
Improving Robot Mobility by Combining Downward-Looking and Frontal Cameras
Authors: Gonzalez Ramon , Rituerto Alejandro , Guerrero José
Published: November 2016

This paper presents a novel attempt to combine a downward-looking camera and a forward-looking camera for terrain classification in the field of off-road mobile robots. The first camera is employed to identify the terrain beneath the robot. This information is then used to improve the classification of the forthcoming terrain acquired from the frontal camera. This research also shows the usefulness of the Gist descriptor for terrain classification purposes. Physical experiments conducted in different terrains (quasi-planar terrains) and different lighting conditions, confirm the satisfactory performance of this approach in comparison with a simple color-based classifier based only on frontal images. Our proposal substantially reduces the misclassification rate of the color-based classifier (∼10% versus ∼20%).
Long-Term Variability of Surface Albedo and Its Correlation with Climatic Variables over Antarctica
Authors: Seo Minji , Kim Hyun-Cheol , Huh Morang , Yeom Jong-Min , Lee Chang , Lee Kyeong-Sang , Choi Sungwon , Han Kyung-Soo
Published: November 2016

The cryosphere is an essential part of the earth system for understanding climate change. Components of the cryosphere, such as ice sheets and sea ice, are generally decreasing over time. However, previous studies have indicated differing trends between the Antarctic and the Arctic. The South Pole also shows internal differences in trends. These phenomena indicate the importance of continuous observation of the Polar Regions. Albedo is a main indicator for analyzing Antarctic climate change and is an important variable with regard to the radiation budget because it can provide positive feedback on polar warming and is related to net radiation and atmospheric heating in the mainly snow- and ice-covered Antarctic. Therefore, in this study, we analyzed long-term temporal and spatial variability of albedo and investigated the interrelationships between albedo and climatic variables over Antarctica. We used broadband surface albedo data from the Satellite Application Facility on Climate Monitoring and data for several climatic variables such as temperature and Antarctic oscillation index (AAO) during the period of 1983 to 2009. Time series analysis and correlation analysis were performed through linear regression using albedo and climatic variables. The results of this research indicated that albedo shows two trends, west trend and an east trend, over Antarctica. Most of the western side of Antarctica showed a negative trend of albedo (about −0.0007 to −0.0015 year−1), but the other side showed a positive trend (about 0.0006 year−1). In addition, albedo and surface temperature had a negative correlation, but this relationship was weaker in west Antarctica than in east Antarctica. The correlation between albedo and AAO revealed different relationships in the two regions; west Antarctica had a negative correlation and east Antarctica showed a positive correlation. In addition, the correlation between albedo and AAO was weaker in the west. This suggests that the eastern area is influenced by the atmosphere, but that the western area is influenced more strongly by other factors.
Is the Geographic Range of Mangrove Forests in the Conterminous United States Really Expanding?
Authors: Giri Chandra , Long Jordan
Published: November 2016

Changes in the distribution and abundance of mangrove species within and outside of their historic geographic range can have profound consequences in the provision of ecosystem goods and services they provide. Mangroves in the conterminous United States (CONUS) are believed to be expanding poleward (north) due to decreases in the frequency and severity of extreme cold events, while sea level rise is a factor often implicated in the landward expansion of mangroves locally. We used ~35 years of satellite imagery and in situ observations for CONUS and report that: (i) poleward expansion of mangrove forest is inconclusive, and may have stalled for now, and (ii) landward expansion is actively occurring within the historical northernmost limit. We revealed that the northernmost latitudinal limit of mangrove forests along the east and west coasts of Florida, in addition to Louisiana and Texas has not systematically expanded toward the pole. Mangrove area, however, expanded by 4.3% from 1980 to 2015 within the historic northernmost boundary, with the highest percentage of change in Texas and southern Florida. Several confounding factors such as sea level rise, absence or presence of sub-freezing temperatures, land use change, impoundment/dredging, changing hydrology, fire, storm, sedimentation and erosion, and mangrove planting are responsible for the change. Besides, sea level rise, relatively milder winters and the absence of sub-freezing temperatures in recent decades may be enabling the expansion locally. The results highlight the complex set of forcings acting on the northerly extent of mangroves and emphasize the need for long-term monitoring as this system increases in importance as a means to adapt to rising oceans and mitigate the effects of increased atmospheric CO2.
Culture Sustainability: Culture Quotient (CQ) and Its Quantitative Empirical Application to Chinese Cities
Authors: Lin Jing , Cai Jianming , Han Yan , Zhu He , Cheng Zhe
Published: November 2016

Culture sustainability is one of the indispensable components of sustainability. Culture has likely always been an important element for promoting urban and rural sustainable development. It is now playing an increasingly significant role in sparking and incubating innovation, which is becoming the main driver of economic growth and competitiveness. Unfortunately, little research has been conducted on how much culture matters to economic performance in a quantitative way. Therefore, in this paper, which is based on an intensive literature review, we try to specifically quantify the importance of culture to urban development in general and urban economic performance in particular, by proposing an index system dubbed as the Culture Quotient (CQ). Following this, an integrated database of 297 prefectural-level cities in China is accordingly established. By manipulating the database, the CQ value for each city is then calculated by using principal component analysis with SPSS (19.0). Afterwards, spatial pattern by CQ value tier is presented and illustrates urban China’s “winner-take-all” phenomenon, with the predominance by the three giant urban clusters in the coastal area, i.e., the Jing (Beijing)-Jin (Tianjin)-Ji (Hebei province)-based Bohai rim region, Yangtze River delta, Pearl River delta, as well as some mega-cities such as Chengdu and Wuhan in other parts of China. More precisely, the regression analysis shows that there is a strong positive relationship between CQ and gross domestic product (GDP), with the striking result that every increase of one percentage point in CQ will induce a five percentage point increment in GDP. Although the finding makes an impressive and convincing case that culture does exert a great impact on urban economic development, and can also be measured in a quantitative way in Chinese cases, more cases from other countries need to be included for further verification and confirmation. We therefore urgently call for more in-depth international comparative studies both in theoretical and practical regards.
Attribute Control Chart Construction Based on Fuzzy Score Number
Authors: Hou Shiwang , Wang Hui , Feng Shunxiao
Published: November 2016

There is much uncertainty and fuzziness in product quality attributes or quality parameters of a manufacturing process, so the traditional quality control chart can be difficult to apply. This paper proposes a fuzzy control chart. The plotted data was obtained by transforming expert scores into fuzzy numbers. Two types of nonconformity judgment rules—necessity and possibility measurement rules—are proposed. Through graphical analysis, the nonconformity judging method (i.e., assessing directly based on the shape feature of a fuzzy control chart) is proposed. For four different widely used membership functions, control levels were analyzed and compared by observing gaps between the upper and lower control limits. The result of the case study validates the feasibility and reliability of the proposed approach.
Nonclassical Symmetries of a Nonlinear Diffusion–Convection/Wave Equation and Equivalents Systems
Authors: Arrigo Daniel , Ashley Brandon , Bloomberg Seth , Deatherage Thomas
Published: November 2016

It is generally known that classical point and potential Lie symmetries of differential equations (the latter calculated as point symmetries of an equivalent system) can be different. We question whether this is true when the symmetries are extended to nonclassical symmetries. In this paper, we consider two classes of nonlinear partial differential equations; the first one is a diffusion–convection equation, the second one a wave, where we will show that the majority of the nonclassical point symmetries are included in the nonclassical potential symmetries. We highlight a special case were the opposite is true.
World-Line Formalism: Non-Perturbative Applications
Authors: Antonov Dmitry
Published: November 2016

This review addresses the impact on various physical observables which is produced by confinement of virtual quarks and gluons at the level of the one-loop QCD diagrams. These observables include the quark condensate for various heavy flavors, the Yang-Mills running coupling with an infra-red stable fixed point, and the correlation lengths of the stochastic Yang-Mills fields. Other non-perturbative applications of the world-line formalism presented in the review are devoted to the determination of the electroweak phase-transition critical temperature, to the derivation of a semi-classical analogue of the relation between the chiral and the gluon QCD condensates, and to the calculation of the free energy of the gluon plasma in the high-temperature limit. As a complementary result, we demonstrate Casimir scaling of k-string tensions in the Gaussian ensemble of the stochastic Yang-Mills fields.
Analyses of Evolutionary Characteristics of the Hemagglutinin-Esterase Gene of Influenza C Virus during a Period of 68 Years Reveals Evolutionary Patterns Different from Influenza A and B Viruses
Authors: Furuse Yuki , Matsuzaki Yoko , Nishimura Hidekazu , Oshitani Hitoshi
Published: November 2016

Infections with the influenza C virus causing respiratory symptoms are common, particularly among children. Since isolation and detection of the virus are rarely performed, compared with influenza A and B viruses, the small number of available sequences of the virus makes it difficult to analyze its evolutionary dynamics. Recently, we reported the full genome sequence of 102 strains of the virus. Here, we exploited the data to elucidate the evolutionary characteristics and phylodynamics of the virus compared with influenza A and B viruses. Along with our data, we obtained public sequence data of the hemagglutinin-esterase gene of the virus; the dataset consists of 218 unique sequences of the virus collected from 14 countries between 1947 and 2014. Informatics analyses revealed that (1) multiple lineages have been circulating globally; (2) there have been weak and infrequent selective bottlenecks; (3) the evolutionary rate is low because of weak positive selection and a low capability to induce mutations; and (4) there is no significant positive selection although a few mutations affecting its antigenicity have been induced. The unique evolutionary dynamics of the influenza C virus must be shaped by multiple factors, including virological, immunological, and epidemiological characteristics.
Biologie de Brachyleptura erythroptera Hagen dans le département du Gers (Coleoptera Cerambycidae)
Authors: Maliverney Pierre
Published: December 2016

Cette espèce se développe dans les vieux ormes et son avenir est très menacé par suite de la disparition de sa principale essence-hôte.
Un nouvel Orygocera de l'île de la Réunion (Lepidoptera Gelechiidae)
Authors: Viette Pierre
Published: December 2016

Description et illustration de O. anderesi.
Notes critiques sur des Telamonia de la zone alpine (Genre Cortinarius Fr., Agaricales). 1 - Quelques espèces à odeur de Pelargonium
Authors: Lamoure Denise
Published: December 2016

Certains caractères remarquables de : Cortinarius atrocoeruleus Moser, C. diasemospermus Lamoure, C. aff. paleiferus Svrcek, C. paleiferus var. brachyspermus Lamoure, C. stenospermus Lamoure, sont soulignés et explicités. Outre leur odeur pélargoniée, ces petits Telamonia sombres présentent des teintes bleuté-violeté, ou purpurines, aux lames encore jeunes avant qu'elles ne portent les spores mûres ocracées, et/ou sur tout ou partie du stipe.
Le genre Leistus Froehlig (Coleoptera Carabidae Nebriini). XV. Sous-genre Leistus s. str. (3). Les espèces euromaghrébines
Authors: Perrault Georges G.
Published: December 2016

Le sous-genre Leistus s. str. est représenté en Europe par 13 espèces, dont 6 appartiennent au groupe de L. angusticollis Dejean occupant le nord-ouest de la péninsule ibérique, 3 au groupe de L. ferrugineus L. et 4 au groupe de L. fulvibarbis Dejean. Deux sous-espèces seulement sont reconnues : L. piceus alpicola Fuss et L. fulvibarbis danieli Reitter. On désigne l'holotype de L. oberthueri Reitter qui est considéré comme synonyme de L. fulvibarbis.
miR-183 Modulates Cell Apoptosis and Proliferation in Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma SCC25 Cell Line
Authors: Yan Dayong , Cai Xiaoqing , Feng Yu
Published: November 2016

This study was designed to investigate the role of miR-183 in modulating cell growth and apoptosis of tongue squamous cell carcinoma SCC25 cell line. Human squamous epithelial cell and squamous cell carcinoma cell line SCC25 was used, and miR-183 was inhibited. Cell growth, colony formation, and apoptotic rate, as well as the expression of caspase 3 and BCL-xL, were detected. Results showed that miR-183 was significantly overexpressed in the SCC25 cell line when compared with normal control. The miR-183 inhibitor reduced cell growth and colony formation, while the apoptosis percentage was significantly increased. The expression of activated caspase 3 and BCL-xL was obviously up- and downregulated in siRNA-transfected cells, respectively. In conclusion, miR-183 contributed to cell growth and proliferation, and suppressed cell apoptosis in SCC25 cells. Therefore, miR-183 might serve as a therapeutic target in tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC).
MicroRNA-1284 Inhibits Cell Viability and Induces Apoptosis of Ovarian Cancer Cell Line OVCAR3
Authors: Pan Changqing , Wang Dan , Zhang Yao , Yu Wenliang
Published: November 2016

Ovarian cancer is a malignancy with high mortality among women. Multiple reports show that microRNAs (miRs) act as regulators in ovarian cancer inhibition, while the role of miR-1284 in ovarian cancer is still unknown. This study aimed to investigate the effects of miR-1284 on ovarian
cancer cells. Human ovarian cancer cell line OVCAR3 was cultured and transfected with miR-1284 mimics, inhibitors, or control. Viability and apoptosis of transfected cells were then determined by MTT assay, BrdU assay, and flow cytometry. Expression changes of p27, p21, and PI3K/Akt pathway-related
proteins were measured by Western blot. Results showed that miR-1284 overexpression suppressed cell viability while increasing the apoptosis in OVCAR3 cells. Moreover, the expression level of p27 was upregulated by miR-1284 overexpression. Furthermore, miR-1284 overexpression and Akt inhibitor
GSK690693 downregulated the levels of p-Akt and Bcl-2 while upregulating the levels of Bax and caspase 3. However, miR-1284 suppression attenuated the regulatory effects of GSK690693 on these proteins. In conclusion, miR-1284 could inhibit cell viability via regulating the expression of p27 and induce apoptosis via regulating the PI3K/Akt pathway in OVCAR3 cells.
Inhibition of Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion by Knockdown of Pyruvate Kinase-M2 (PKM2) in Ovarian Cancer SKOV3 and OVCAR3 Cells
Authors: Miao Yi , Lu Meng , Yan Qin , Li Shuangdi , Feng Youji
Published: November 2016

Pyruvate kinase (PK) is a key enzyme in the process of glycolysis, catalyzing phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) into pyruvate. Currently, PK isozyme type M2 (PKM2), one subtype of PK, has been proposed as a new tumor marker with high expression in various tumor tissues. Here we aimed to explore
the effects of siRNA-PKM2 on ovarian carcinoma (OC) cell lines SKOV3 and OVCAR3, in which PKM2 was notably expressed. PKM2 gene interference lentivirus vectors were built by miRNA transfection assay. siRNA-PKM2-transfected SKOV3 and OVCAR3 cells were evaluated for cell proliferation, cell
cycle distribution, cell apoptosis, cell migration, and invasion in this study. In addition, the expression levels of several tumor-related genes were measured using real-time PCR and Western blot. Results showed that siRNA-PKM2 markedly inhibited cell proliferation, induced apoptosis, and
caused cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase. Cell migration and invasion were significantly suppressed by siRNA-PKM2. Furthermore, the tumor-related genes caspase 7, Bad, and E-cadherin were upregulated, while MMP2, HIF1α, VEGF, and MMP9 were depressed by siRNA-PKM2.
The function of siRNA-PKM2 on the biological behavior of OC cells indicated that PKM2 may also be a target for treatment of OC.
Potential Role of CD133 Expression in the Susceptibility of Human Liver Cancer Stem-Like Cells to TRAIL
Authors: Lee Su-Hoon , Hyun Suh-Kyung , Kim Hak-Bong , Kang Chi-Dug , Kim Sun-Hee
Published: November 2016

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies, with a poor prognosis and high recurrence rate. In the present study, we identified CD133, one of the markers of cancer stem cells, as a novel molecular target of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). In four human HCC cell lines established from primary HCC tumors, we found that CD133-high human liver cancer stem-like cells (CD133hi) derived from the SNU-475 cell line were highly susceptible to TRAIL compared to other HCC cell lines with a small population of CD133. CD133hiSNU-475 cells showed upregulation of TRAIL receptor DR5 and stemness-related genes such as c-Myc and ABC transporters compared to their CD133-low (CD133lo) cells. Hypersensitivity of CD133hicells to TRAIL was associated with c-Myc-mediated upregulation of DR5 and downregulation of c-FLIPLin the cells. Knockdown of CD133 expression in CD133hicells resulted in the downregulation of c-Myc, and depletion of c-Myc caused a decrease in the cell surface expression of DR5 and an increase in the expression of c-FLIPLand, consequently, attenuated TRAIL-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis of CD133hicells. These results suggest that TRAIL may provide a new strategy for CD133hiCSCs of HCC-targeted therapies and, potentially, for therapies of other CD133-expressing types of cancer.
Cubic chemically ordered FeRh and FeCo nanomagnets prepared by mass-selected low-energy cluster-beam deposition: a comparative study
Authors: Dupuis Veronique , Robert Anthony , Hillion Arnaud , Khadra Ghassan , Blanc Nils , Le Roy Damien , Tournus Florent , Albin Clement , Boisron Olivier , Tamion Alexandre
Published: November 2016

Near the point of equiatomic composition, both FeRh and FeCo bulk alloys exhibit a CsCl-type (B2) chemically ordered phase that is related to specific magnetic properties, namely a metamagnetic anti-ferromagnetic/ferromagnetic transition near room temperature for FeRh and a huge magnetic moment for the FeCo soft alloy. In this paper, we present the magnetic and structural properties of nanoparticles of less than 5 nm diameter embedded in an inert carbon matrix prepared by mass-selected low-energy cluster-beam deposition technique. We obtained a CsCl-type (B2) chemically ordered phase for annealed nanoalloys. Using different experimental measurements, we show how decreasing the size affects the magnetic properties. FeRh nanoparticles keep the ferromagnetic order at low temperature due to surface relaxation affecting the cell parameter. In the case of FeCo clusters, the environment drastically affects the intrinsic properties of this system by reducing the magnetization in comparison to the bulk.
REMOVAL OF TETRACYCLINE FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS USING NANOSCALE ZERO VALENT IRON AND FUNCTIONAL PUMICE MODIFIED NANOSCALE ZERO VALENT IRON
Authors: GULER Ulker Asli
Published: November 2016

Nanoscale zero valent iron (nzvi) and functional pumice modified nanoscale zero valent iron (P-nzvi) were successfully synthesized and used for the removal of tetracycline (TC). These materials were characterized by SEM, TEM, XRD, FTIR, BET. Different factors such as the mass ratio, dosage of adsorbent, ph, initial TC concentration and temperature were investigated. Based on these results; a possible removal mechanism was proposed including TC adsorption and TC reduction via oxidation of Fe0 to Fe3+. In addition, isotherm and thermodynamic parameters were applied to the equilibrium data. The maximum adsorption capacity of TC by nzvi and P-nzvi was 105.46 mg/g and 115.13 mg/g, respectively. Adsorption and reduction kinetics were examined for the TC removal process. The pseudo-second-order model and pseudo-first-order model was observed for adsorption and reduction process, respectively. Finally, more than 90% of TC from aqueous solutions was removed by nzvi and P-nzvi.
WIYN OPEN CLUSTER STUDY. LXXII. A uvbyCaHβ CCD ANALYSIS OF THE METAL-DEFICIENT OPEN CLUSTER NGC 2506
Authors: Anthony-Twarog Barbara J. , Deliyannis Constantine P. , Twarog Bruce A.
Published: November 2016

Precision uvbyCaHβ photometry of the metal-deficient, old open cluster NGC 2506 is presented. The survey covers an area of

and extends to

for b − y and Hβ and to

for c
1 and hk. For V brighter than 16.0, photometric scatter among the indices leads to the recovery of six known variables within the cluster core and five new variables in the outer

of the survey field. Proper motions, radial velocities, and precise multicolor indices are used to isolate a highly probable sample of cluster members from the very rich color–magnitude diagram. From 257 highly probable members at the cluster turnoff, we derive a reddening estimate of

(

), where the errors refer to the internal standard errors of the mean. [Fe/H] is derived from the A/F dwarf members using both m
1 and hk, leading to [Fe/H] = −0.296 ± 0.011 (sem) and −0.317 ± 0.004 (sem), respectively. The weighted average, heavily dominated by hk, is [Fe/H] = −0.316 ± 0.033. Based on red giant members, we place an upper limit of ±0.010 on the variation in the reddening across the face of the cluster. We also identify two dozen potential red giant cluster members outside the cluster core. Victoria–Regina isochrones on the Strömgren system produce an excellent match to the cluster for an apparent modulus of

and an age of 1.85 ± 0.05 Gyr.
K2-98b: A 32 M⊕ NEPTUNE-SIZE PLANET IN A 10 DAY ORBIT TRANSITING AN F8 STAR
Authors: Barragán Oscar , Grziwa Sascha , Gandolfi Davide , Fridlund Malcolm , Endl Michael , Deeg Hans J. , Cagigal Manuel P. , Lanza Antonino F. , Moroni Pier G. Prada , Smith Alexis M. S. , Korth Judith , Bedell Megan , Cabrera Juan , Cochran William D. , Cusano Felice , Csizmadia Szilard , Eigmüller Philipp , Erikson Anders , Guenther Eike W. , Hatzes Artie P. , Nespral David , Pätzold Martin , Prieto-Arranz Jorge , Rauer Heike
Published: November 2016

We report the discovery of K2-98b (EPIC 211391664b), a transiting Neptune-size planet monitored by the K2 mission during its Campaign 5. We combine the K2 time-series data with ground-based photometric and spectroscopic follow-up observations to confirm the planetary nature of the object and derive its mass, radius, and orbital parameters. K2-98b is a warm Neptune-like planet in a 10 day orbit around a V = 12.2 mag F-type star with M
⋆ = 1.074 ± 0.042 M
⊙, R
⋆ = 

R
⊙, and age of

. We derive a planetary mass and radius of M
p = 32.2 ± 8.1 M
⊕ and R
p = 

R
⊕. K2-98b joins the relatively small group of Neptune-size planets whose mass and radius have been derived with a precision better than 25%. We estimate that the planet will be engulfed by its host star in ∼3 Gyr, due to the evolution of the latter toward the red giant branch.
A DEEP SEARCH FOR FAINT GALAXIES ASSOCIATED WITH VERY LOW REDSHIFT C iv ABSORBERS. III. THE MASS- AND ENVIRONMENT-DEPENDENT CIRCUMGALACTIC MEDIUM
Authors: Burchett Joseph N. , Tripp Todd M. , Bordoloi Rongmon , Werk Jessica K. , Prochaska J. Xavier , Tumlinson Jason , Willmer C. N. A. , O’Meara John , Katz Neal
Published: November 2016

Using Hubble Space Telescope Cosmic Origins Spectrograph observations of 89 QSO sightlines through the Sloan Digital Sky Survey footprint, we study the relationships between C iv absorption systems and the properties of nearby galaxies, as well as the large-scale environment. To maintain sensitivity to very faint galaxies, we restrict our sample to

, which defines a complete galaxy survey to

or stellar mass

. We report two principal findings. First, for galaxies with impact parameter

, C iv detection strongly depends on the luminosity/stellar mass of the nearby galaxy. C iv is preferentially associated with galaxies with

lower-mass galaxies rarely exhibit significant C iv absorption (covering fraction

for 11 galaxies with

). Second, C iv detection within the

population depends on environment. Using a fixed-aperture environmental density metric for galaxies with ρ < 160 kpc at

, we find that

(8/14) of galaxies in low-density regions (regions with fewer than seven

galaxies within 1.5 Mpc) have affiliated C iv absorption; however, none (0/7) of the galaxies in denser regions show C iv. Similarly, the C iv detection rate is lower for galaxies residing in groups with dark matter halo masses of

. In contrast to C iv, H i is pervasive in the circumgalactic medium without regard to mass or environment. These results indicate that C iv absorbers with

trace the halos of

galaxies but also reflect larger-scale environmental conditions.
THE LINK BETWEEN TURBULENCE, MAGNETIC FIELDS, FILAMENTS, AND STAR FORMATION IN THE CENTRAL MOLECULAR ZONE CLOUD G0.253+0.016
Authors: Federrath C. , Rathborne J. M. , Longmore S. N. , Kruijssen J. M. D. , Bally J. , Contreras Y. , Crocker R. M. , Garay G. , Jackson J. M. , Testi L. , Walsh A. J.
Published: November 2016

Star formation is primarily controlled by the interplay between gravity, turbulence, and magnetic fields. However, the turbulence and magnetic fields in molecular clouds near the Galactic center may differ substantially compared to spiral-arm clouds. Here we determine the physical parameters of the central molecular zone (CMZ) cloud G0.253+0.016, its turbulence, magnetic field, and filamentary structure. Using column density maps based on dust-continuum emission observations with ALMA+Herschel, we identify filaments and show that at least one dense core is located along them. We measure the filament width

and the sonic scale

of the turbulence, and find

. A strong velocity gradient is seen in the HNCO intensity-weighted velocity maps obtained with ALMA+Mopra. The gradient is likely caused by large-scale shearing of G0.253+0.016, producing a wide double-peaked velocity probability distribution function (PDF). After subtracting the gradient to isolate the turbulent motions, we find a nearly Gaussian velocity PDF typical for turbulence. We measure the total and turbulent velocity dispersion,

and

, respectively. Using magnetohydrodynamical turbulence simulations, we find that G0.253+0.016's turbulent magnetic field

is only

of the ordered field component. Combining these measurements, we reconstruct the dominant turbulence driving mode in G0.253+0.016 and find a driving parameter of

, indicating solenoidal (divergence-free) driving. We compare this to spiral-arm clouds, which typically have a significant compressive (curl-free) driving component (

). Motivated by previous reports of strong shearing motions in the CMZ, we speculate that shear causes the solenoidal driving in G0.253+0.016 and show that this reduces the star-formation rate by a factor of 6.9 compared to typical nearby clouds.
Aspectos da natureza da ciência na sala de aula: o caso da natureza da luz nos séculos XVII e XVIII
Authors: Silva Boniek Venceslau da Cruz
Published: November 2016

Neste trabalho, iremos apresentar um recorte da História da Óptica com o intuito de discutir as suas contribuições para o entendimento do processo de construção e derrocada de teorias científicas. Nele, realizamos um estudo histórico sobre as controvérsias existentes sobre a natureza da luz, nos séculos XVII e XVIII, no cenário inglês, como pano de fundo para discussões relacionadas à natureza do conhecimento científico. Vários estudos mostram que os futuros professores de ciências e os alunos da educação básica apresentam uma concepção de ciência não adequada. Nessa perspectiva, defendemos que o estudo de episódios históricos e a problematização de suas correlações com aspectos da Natureza da Ciência podem favorecer a construção de uma concepção de Ciência mais adequada nos futuros professores de Ciência. Por fim, sugerimos que estudos desta natureza podem contribuir para uma formação mais crítica do futuro professor em questões relacionadas à natureza do conhecimento científico.
A atividade investigativa na elaboração e análise de experimentos didáticos
Authors: Toledo Evelyn Jeniffer De Lima , Ferreira Luiz Henrique
Published: November 2016

A atividade experimental pode ser um excelente recurso para motivar e ampliar o espectro de aprendizagem, mas para isso deve trazer consigo mais do que cores e transformações espetaculosas, deve auxiliar o aluno a assumir seu papel de agente do próprio aprendizado estimulando a autonomia, a reflexão, e o senso crítico. A metodologia investigativa é consensualmente a mais indicada, resultando em um maior ganho em habilidades procedimentais e cognitivas por exigir que o aluno a partir de uma situação problema elabore uma hipótese, planeje uma metodologia, obtenha dados e os coloque sob julgamento, confirmando-a ou rejeitando-a. Sob a luz das qualidades da atividade investigativa que este trabalho se propôs a demonstrar como é possível, através de princípios gerais, elaborar e testar modelos experimentais evitando erros básicos. Os experimentos utilizados como modelo pretendiam simular o efeito estufa e devido à ausência de critérios foi constatado que nenhuma das atividades obtiveram sucesso.
Percepção dos alunos do Programa de Formação de Professores para a Educação Profissional e Tecnológica sobre as estratégias e teorias de ensino-aprendizagem
Authors: Hautrive Tiffany Prokopp , Viera Vanessa Bordin
Published: November 2016

Objetivou-se identificar as teorias e estratégias de ensino-aprendizagem mais significativas a partir das perspectivas dos alunos do PEG da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria-RS, com o intuito de contribuir para futuras mudanças no planejamento do Projeto Político Pedagógico do curso.. O instrumento utilizado para coleta de dados foi um questionário constituído de medidas objetivas e subjetivas com questões abertas e fechadas. Constatou-se que 55,55% (n=65) dos alunos matriculados responderam ao questionário. A maioria possui de 20 a 30 anos, do sexo feminino, sua formação atual é de mestrado e a área de formação que prevalece é a ciências agrárias. Acreditam que o ambiente presencial em conjunto com o virtual seria o método mais válido na construção do conhecimento. Como estratégia de ensino preferem a aula expositiva dialogada e a teoria de aprendizagem, a teoria Construtivista de Vygotsky.
Profissão docente: aspirações de estudantes do ensino médio sobre ser professor de Matemática
Authors: Fillos Leoni Malinoski , Zen Priscila Dombrovski , Caetano Joyce Jaquelinne
Published: November 2016

Este artigo objetiva discutir a atratividade da carreira docente pela ótica de alunos do 3º ano do ensino médio, especialmente sobre ser professor de Matemática. Utilizando-se como instrumento um questionário com questões abertas e fechadas, buscou-se obter dados quantitativos a respeito das intenções profissionais de estudantes de cinco colégios de um município do Paraná e dados qualitativos sobre os motivos e influências que levaram esses estudantes a desejar ou não a carreira docente. Os dados indicam que os estudantes consideram a profissão docente importante e de muita responsabilidade, porém, a grande maioria não tem a intenção de seguir a carreira de professor, devido à falta de atratividade da profissão. Sobre o desígnio de ser professor de Matemática, o número é praticamente irrisório e as justificativas se resumem em não gostar da disciplina, ter muita dificuldade na assimilação dos conteúdos e não ver sentido do que aprendem na matemática escolar.
Programa Focus: praticidade na análise dos dados
Authors: Viscovini Ronaldo Celso , Sabino Ana Claudia , Meneghello Passos Marinez , De Mello Arruda Sergio
Published: November 2016

Neste artigo é apresentado um programa chamado Focus que tem por objetivo auxiliar e agilizar a organização de dados coletados na forma de texto. Para apresentar o Focus, é trazida uma situação em que os dados, provenientes da transcrição de entrevistas com professores, são classificados segundo cinco opções de categorias relativas à aprendizagem da docência e que são assumidas a priori (primeiramente). Para a elaboração do programa Focus foram considerados os procedimentos da análise textual discursiva, buscando automatizar os processos de desconstrução, agrupamento e categorização dos textos, deixando mais tempo livre para que o pesquisador produza seu metatexto e comunique suas considerações. Por fim, é possível concluir que o programa Focus é uma alternativa simples, rápida e sem custo para os pesquisadores que necessitem de um software para análise e categorização de frases, sentenças ou períodos discursivos. Além disso, ele permite importar texto e exportar dados de/para diversos softwares.
Developing a Risk-scoring Model for Ankylosing Spondylitis Based on a Combination of HLA-B27, Single-nucleotide Polymorphism, and Copy Number Variant Markers
Authors: Jung Seung-Hyun , Cho Sung-Min , Yim Seon-Hee , Kim So-Hee , Park Hyeon-Chun , Cho Mi-La , Shim Seung-Cheol , Kim Tae-Hwan , Park Sung-Hwan , Chung Yeun-Jun
Published: December 2016

Objective.

To develop a genotype-based ankylosing spondylitis (AS) risk prediction model that is more sensitive and specific than HLA-B27 typing.

Methods.

To develop the AS genetic risk scoring (AS-GRS) model, 648 individuals (285 cases and 363 controls) were examined for 5 copy number variants (CNV), 7 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), and an HLA-B27 marker by TaqMan assays. The AS-GRS model was developed using logistic regression and validated with a larger independent set (576 cases and 680 controls).

Results.

Through logistic regression, we built the AS-GRS model consisting of 5 genetic components: HLA-B27, 3 CNV (1q32.2, 13q13.1, and 16p13.3), and 1 SNP (rs10865331). All significant associations of genetic factors in the model were replicated in the independent validation set. The discriminative ability of the AS-GRS model measured by the area under the curve was excellent: 0.976 (95% CI 0.96–0.99) in the model construction set and 0.951 (95% CI 0.94–0.96) in the validation set. The AS-GRS model showed higher specificity and accuracy than the HLA-B27–only model when the sensitivity was set to over 94%. When we categorized the individuals into quartiles based on the AS-GRS scores, OR of the 4 groups (low, intermediate-1, intermediate-2, and high risk) showed an increasing trend with the AS-GRS scores (r2= 0.950) and the highest risk group showed a 494× higher risk of AS than the lowest risk group (95% CI 237.3–1029.1).

Conclusion.

Our AS-GRS could be used to identify individuals at high risk for AS before major symptoms appear, which may improve the prognosis for them through early treatment.
Challenges in simulating the human gut for understanding the role of the microbiota in obesity
Authors: Aguirre M. , Venema K.
Published: December 2016

There is an elevated incidence of cases of obesity worldwide. Therefore, the development of strategies to tackle this condition is of vital importance. This review focuses on the necessity of optimisingin vitrosystems to model human colonic fermentation in obese subjects. This may allow to increase the resolution and the physiological relevance of the information obtained from this type of studies when evaluating the potential role that the human gut microbiota plays in obesity. In light of the parameters that are currently used for thein vitrosimulation of the human gut (which are mostly based on information derived from healthy subjects) and the possible difference with an obese condition, we propose to revise and improve specific standard operating procedures.
Contact Hours Versus CEUs: What's the Difference?
Authors: Hastings Debra P.
Published: November 2016

The terms
contact hour
and
continuing education unit
(CEU) are often used interchangeably. However, they are significantly different. The importance of correct terminology is highlighted in this article.

J Contin Educ Nurs.
2016;47(12):529–530.
Helping Leaders Learn
Authors: Bleich Michael R.
Published: November 2016

Leaders have a need to learn for individual and professional advancement. When leaders possess learning habits that advance to long-term recall, knowledge can be activated when most needed. This article presents five strategies ready for application to embed learning from short- to long-term memory.

J Contin Educ Nurs.
2016;47(12):531–533.
TeamSTEPPS in Long-Term Care—An Academic Partnership: Part II
Authors: Roman Tammy C. , Abraham Kylene , Dever Kathleen
Published: November 2016

In 2015, the Academy for Leadership in Long-Term Care received a grant to provide interprofessional training on the strategies and techniques of TeamSTEPPS
®
. The results indicated significant changes in the participants' teamwork and communication strategies to improve resident safety. In part two of this article, the discussion includes the implementation, evaluation results, and implications from this worthy initiative.

J Contin Educ Nurs.
2016;47(12):534–535.
Critical Care Interprofessional Education: Exploring Conflict and Power—Lessons Learned
Authors: Friend Mary Louanne , Friend Richard D. , Ford Cassandra , Ewell Patrick J.
Published: November 2016

Background:

The purpose of this mixed-methods study was to evaluate the effects of an innovative critical care interprofessional education intervention on prelicensure nursing and medical students at a large public university. The class provided opportunities for students to (a) explore stereotypes about each respective profession, (b) examine the occurrence and effects of interprofessional conflict in high-acuity areas, and (c) explore conflict resolution techniques while learning how to perform critical care procedures as a team.

Method:

A nonequivalent control group design with pretest, posttest, and focus group interviews were used.

Results:

Data analyses indicated no subscales and total scores were significantly different across time or between groups. However, focus group analyses indicated that changes did occur.

Conclusion:

The findings suggest that students experience interprofessional conflict in clinical settings, yet lack the confidence and skills to effectively mitigate these behaviors. Ongoing studies to measure student empowerment and their intentions to practice collaboratively before and after graduation are recommended. [
J Nurs Educ
. 2016;55(12):696–700.]
Effects of a Simulation Exercise on Nursing Students' End-of-Life Care Attitudes
Authors: Dame Linda , Hoebeke Roberta
Published: November 2016

Background:

Students consider end-of-life care content in their nursing curricula to be inadequate and deficient in promoting the development of the necessary attitudes to care for dying patients. Research identifies simulation as an effective teaching strategy to examine nursing students' attitudes toward end-of-life care.

Method:

An end-of-life care simulation was developed, implemented, and evaluated. Attitudes toward caring for dying patients were measured pre- and postsimulation on a convenience sample of 57 sophomore nursing students using the Frommelt Attitudes Toward Care of the Dying Scale-Form B. Repeated measures of ANOVA on outcome variables evaluated student attitudes toward end-of-life care.

Results:

Participation in an end-of-life care simulation resulted in more positive student attitudes toward caring for dying patients (
p
< .001).

Conclusion:

Simulation is an active learning strategy to incorporate end-of-life care in nursing curricula and improve student attitudes toward caring for dying patients. [
J Nurs Educ
. 2016;55(12):701–705.]
La comunidad judía y conversa de Daroca (Zaragoza) en el siglo XV: refundación, vida cotidiana y círculos de sociabilidad
Authors: Motis Dolader Miguel Ángel
Published: November 2016

En el presente artículo abordo las claves de la refundación de la comunidad judía, a mediados del siglo XV, después de su disolución como consecuencia de la Disputa de Tortosa, así como la integración de la primera generación de conversos en la ciudad. Se analiza asimismo, a través de los testimonios judíos recogidos en los procesos inquisitoriales —contrastados con la documentación de la Cancillería Real, los Protocolos Notariales y las Actas del Concejo—, la interrelación existente entre las familias judeoconversas de segunda generación y la modesta aljama hebrea, compuesta en su mayoría por artesanos y pequeños comerciantes. Dicha convivencia se perfila en dos vertientes de signo muy distinto: la enemistad personal y la rivalidad comercial, de un lado, y la permanencia de los lazos socio-laborales, de parentesco, afectividad y amistad, así como las persistencias culturales y creenciales de los neocristianos.
Maeztu y Portugal. Análisis político e intelectual sobre la Primera República (1910-1926)
Authors: Sánchez Garrido Pablo
Published: November 2016

En este artículo se desarrolla un análisis de los textos que Maeztu realizó sobre Portugal durante el periodo de la I República (1910-1926), principalmente sus crónicas de 1910, su serie de «Cartas de Portugal» (1922-23) y otras fuentes similares. Para su examen, se ha recurrido a un análisis contextualizado dividiendo las fuentes en sus dos temáticas fundamentales: la política y la cultural. El análisis de estos textos de naturaleza política y cultural es especialmente relevante para conocer no solo el citado periodo desde la peculiar perspectiva maeztiana, sino también para perfilar mejor el periodo de transición ideológica entre el primer Maeztu y el de su etapa tradicionalista posterior. Asimismo, desde el examen de estos textos se atisba cómo se fue gestando inicialmente su idea de la «hispanidad» a partir de ideas previas como la de «integración del alma hispánica», conceptos que desembocarán años más tarde en el diseño ideológico de la revista Acción Española, explícitamente inspirada en el «integralismo lusitano», que conoció durante su periodo de transición.
Francia y la España del tardofranquismo y la transición. Sinergias económicas en un marco de cambio político, 1970-1986
Authors: Sánchez Sánchez Esther M.
Published: November 2016

La doble crisis, política y económica, de los años setenta se dejó sentir en las relaciones franco-españolas, que desde finales de los años cincuenta habían avanzado por la vía del entendimiento. El proceso de cambio de régimen en España provocó sonados enfrentamientos entre ambos países, sobre todo en torno a la lucha contra la organización terrorista ETA y el futuro ingreso de España en el Mercado Común. Las relaciones económicas bilaterales evolucionaron, no obstante, de forma satisfactoria pese a la crisis política española y la crisis energética mundial, arrojando valores al alza en materia de comercio, planes de inversión y cooperación científico-técnica. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar tales desencuentros políticos y encuentros económicos, a partir de un conjunto de fuentes impresas y fondos de archivo, en su mayoría franceses, recientemente abiertos a los investigadores.
Characterization and Preparation of Calcium Phosphate Model Toothpaste for Tooth Enamel Remineralization
Authors: Zalite Vita , Locs Janis
Published: December 2016

Calcium phosphates are excellent biomaterial for hard tissue regeneration and replacement. Recently, nanohydroxylapatite (HAp) has been intensively studied as remineralization agent for tooth enamel protection and remineralization. In this research, we developed model toothpaste composition, determined viscosity and investigated weather different processed – spray-dried (spCDHAp), lyophilized (lyoCDHAp), wet precipitated (paste-like consistence, pCDHAp) – calcium deficient hydroxyapatite (CDHAp) affect bovine tooth enamel remineralization. Model toothpastes components were CDHAp, 2-hydroxyethylcelluloce, glycerol and water. Viscosity varied from 2.5 to 40 Pa∙s. Model toothpastes with 20 wt% CDHAp showed thixotropic behaviour, thereby we examined them as potential tooth remineralization pastes. After in vitro remineralization enamel surface changes were detected, the texture of demineralized surface and bundles of HAp crystals were not observed. It was suggested, that new calcium phosphate layer was formed on the enamel. In conclusion, CDHAp is very promising material for enamel regeneration, but different pretreatment of CDHAp (resulting as different morphology of agglomerates) did not give distinctive remineralization results.
Modification of Porous Cordierite Ceramic
Authors: Švinka Ruta , Svinka Visvaldis , Bobrovik Julija
Published: December 2016

Highly porous cordierite ceramic by using of talcum, kaolinite and γ-alumina was obtained by method of slip casting of concentrated suspension. Additives of amorphous silica and non-stabilized zirconia in the amount of 5 wt% were used. Sintering temperature of dried samples was in range of 1250 – 1450°C. All the samples contain crystalline phases of cordierite, mullite and corundum but, depending on the additives, as a result of sintering in addition forms spinel, cristobalite or zircon (ZrSiO4). Porosity of obtained materials changes in large scale from 42 to 59 per cent; it is influenced by both sintering temperature and composition. Compressive strength increases with the addition of zirconia. In comparison, compressive strength of samples without additives or with silica additive does not exceed 3.5 MPa. The increase of coefficient of thermal expansion depends both on the composition and sintering temperature. ZrO2 additive increases the coefficient of thermal expansion considerably.