bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Targeted interventions and their effect on recovery in children, adolescents and adults who have sustained a sport-related concussion: a systematic review
Authors: Schneider Kathryn J , Critchley Meghan L , Anderson Vicki , Davis Gavin A , Debert Chantel T , Feddermann-Demont Nina , Gagnon Isabelle , Guskiewicz Kevin M , Hayden K Alix , Herring Stanley , Johnstone Corson , Makdissi Michael , Master Christina L , Moser Rosemarie Scolaro , Patricios Jon S , Register-Mihalik Johna K , Ronksley Paul E , Silverberg Noah D , Yeates Keith Owen
Published: June 2023

Objectives

We evaluated interventions to facilitate recovery in children, adolescents and adults with a sport-related concussion (SRC).

Design

Systematic review including risk of bias (modified Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network tool).

Data sources

MEDLINE(R) and Epub Ahead of Print, In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations, Embase, APA PsycINFO, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL Plus with Full Text, SPORTDiscus and Scopus searched until March 2022.

Study eligibility criteria

(1) Original research including randomised controlled trials (RCTs), quasi-experimental designs, cohort, comparative effectiveness studies; (2) focus on SRC; (3) English; (4) peer-reviewed and (5) evaluated treatment.

Results

6533 studies were screened, 154 full texts reviewed and 13 met inclusion (10 RCTs, 1 quasi-experimental and 2 cohort studies; 1 high-quality study, 7 acceptable and 5 at high risk of bias). Interventions, comparisons, timing and outcomes varied, precluding meta-analysis. For adolescents and adults with dizziness, neck pain and/or headaches >10 days following concussion, individualised cervicovestibular rehabilitation may decrease time to return to sport compared with rest followed by gradual exertion (HR 3.91 (95% CI 1.34 to 11.34)) and when compared with a subtherapeutic intervention (HR 2.91 (95% CI 1.01 to 8.43)). For adolescents with vestibular symptoms/impairments, vestibular rehabilitation may decrease time to medical clearance (vestibular rehab group 50.2 days (95% CI 39.9 to 60.4) compared with control 58.4 (95% CI 41.7 to 75.3) days). For adolescents with persisting symptoms >30 days, active rehabilitation and collaborative care may decrease symptoms.

Conclusions

Cervicovestibular rehabilitation is recommended for adolescents and adults with dizziness, neck pain and/or headaches for >10 days. Vestibular rehabilitation (for adolescents with dizziness/vestibular impairments >5 days) and active rehabilitation and/or collaborative care (for adolescents with persisting symptoms >30 days) may be of benefit.
When should an athlete retire or discontinue participating in contact or collision sports following sport-related concussion? A systematic review
Authors: Makdissi Michael , Critchley Meghan L , Cantu Robert C , Caron Jeffrey G , Davis Gavin A , Echemendia Ruben J , Fremont Pierre , Hayden K Alix , Herring Stanley A , Hinds Sidney R , Jordan Barry , Kemp Simon , McNamee Michael , Maddocks David , Nagahiro Shinji , Patricios Jon , Putukian Margot , Turner Michael , Sick Stacy , Schneider Kathryn J
Published: June 2023

Objective

To systematically review the scientific literature regarding factors to consider when providing advice or guidance to athletes about retirement from contact or collision sport following sport-related concussion (SRC), and to define contraindications to children/adolescent athletes entering or continuing with contact or collision sports after SRC.

Data sources

Medline, Embase, SPORTSDiscus, APA PsycINFO, CINAHL and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched systematically.

Study eligibility criteria

Studies were included if they were (1) original research, (2) reported on SRC as the primary source of injury, (3) evaluated the history, clinical assessment and/or investigation of findings that may preclude participation in sport and (4) evaluated mood disturbance and/or neurocognitive deficits, evidence of structural brain injury or risk factors for increased risk of subsequent SRC or prolonged recovery.

Results

Of 4355 articles identified, 93 met the inclusion criteria. None of the included articles directly examined retirement and/or discontinuation from contact or collision sport. Included studies examined factors associated with increased risk of recurrent SRC or prolonged recovery following SRC. In general, these were low-quality cohort studies with heterogeneous results and moderate risk of bias. Higher number and/or severity of symptoms at presentation, sleep disturbance and symptom reproduction with Vestibular Ocular Motor Screen testing were associated with prolonged recovery and history of previous concussion was associated with a risk of further SRC.

Conclusion

No evidence was identified to support the inclusion of any patient-specific, injury-specific or other factors (eg, imaging findings) as absolute indications for retirement or discontinued participation in contact or collision sport following SRC.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42022155121.
Examining later-in-life health risks associated with sport-related concussion and repetitive head impacts: a systematic review of case-control and cohort studies
Authors: Iverson Grant L , Castellani Rudolph J , Cassidy J David , Schneider Geoff M , Schneider Kathryn J , Echemendia Ruben J , Bailes Julian E , Hayden K Alix , Koerte Inga K , Manley Geoffrey T , McNamee Michael , Patricios Jon S , Tator Charles H , Cantu Robert C , Dvorak Jiri
Published: June 2023

Objective

Concern exists about possible problems with later-in-life brain health, such as cognitive impairment, mental health problems and neurological diseases, in former athletes. We examined the future risk for adverse health effects associated with sport-related concussion, or exposure to repetitive head impacts, in former athletes.

Design

Systematic review.

Data sources

Search of MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, CINAHL Plus and SPORTDiscus in October 2019 and updated in March 2022.

Eligibility criteria

Studies measuring future risk (cohort studies) or approximating that risk (case-control studies).

Results

Ten studies of former amateur athletes and 18 studies of former professional athletes were included. No postmortem neuropathology studies or neuroimaging studies met criteria for inclusion. Depression was examined in five studies in former amateur athletes, none identifying an increased risk. Nine studies examined suicidality or suicide as a manner of death, and none found an association with increased risk. Some studies comparing professional athletes with the general population reported associations between sports participation and dementia or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) as a cause of death. Most did not control for potential confounding factors (eg, genetic, demographic, health-related or environmental), were ecological in design and had high risk of bias.

Conclusion

Evidence does not support an increased risk of mental health or neurological diseases in former amateur athletes with exposure to repetitive head impacts. Some studies in former professional athletes suggest an increased risk of neurological disorders such as ALS and dementia; these findings need to be confirmed in higher quality studies with better control of confounding factors.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42022159486.
Faster, higher, stronger – together? A bibliometric analysis of author distribution in top medical education journals
Authors: Wondimagegn Dawit , Whitehead Cynthia Ruth , Cartmill Carrie , Rodrigues Eloy , Correia Antónia , Salessi Lins Tiago , Costa Manuel João
Published: June 2023

Introduction

Medical education and medical education research are growing industries that have become increasingly globalised. Recognition of the colonial foundations of medical education has led to a growing focus on issues of equity, absence and marginalisation. One area of absence that has been underexplored is that of published voices from low-income and middle-income countries. We undertook a bibliometric analysis of five top medical education journals to determine which countries were absent and which countries were represented in prestigious first and last authorship positions.

Methods

Web of Science was searched for all articles and reviews published between 2012 and 2021 withinAcademic Medicine,Medical Education,Advances in Health Sciences Education,Medical Teacher, andBMC Medical Education. Country of origin was identified for first and last author of each publication, and the number of publications originating from each country was counted.

Results

Our analysis revealed a dominance of first and last authors from five countries: USA, Canada, UK, Netherlands and Australia. Authors from these five countries had first or last authored 70% of publications. Of the 195 countries in the world, 43% (approximately 83) were not represented by a single publication. There was an increase in the percentage of publications from outside of these five countries from 23% in 2012 to 40% in 2021.

Conclusion

The dominance of wealthy nations within spaces that claim to be international is a finding that requires attention. We draw on analogies from modern Olympic sport and our own collaborative research process to show how academic publishing continues to be a colonised space that advantages those from wealthy and English-speaking countries.
Burden and prognostic impact of cardiovascular disease in patients with cancer
Authors: Raisi-Estabragh Zahra , Manisty Charlotte H , Cheng Richard K , Lopez Fernandez Teresa , Mamas Mamas A
Published: June 2023

The number of patients at the intersection of cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is increasing, reflecting ageing global populations, rising burden of shared cardiometabolic risk factors, and improved cancer survival. Many cancer treatments carry a risk of cardiotoxicity. Baseline cardiovascular risk assessment is recommended in all patients with cancer and requires consideration of individual patient risk and the cardiotoxicity profile of proposed anticancer therapies. Patients with pre-existing CVD are potentially at high or very high risk of cancer-therapy related cardiovascular toxicity. The detection of pre-existing CVD should prompt cardiac optimisation and planning of surveillance during cancer treatment. In patients with severe CVD, the risk of certain cancer therapies may be prohibitively high. Such decisions require multidisciplinary discussion with consideration of alternative anti-cancer therapies, risk-benefit assessment, and patient preference. Current practice is primarily guided by expert opinion and data from select clinical cohorts. There is need for development of a stronger evidence base to guide clinical practice in cardio-oncology. The establishment of multicentre international registries and national-level healthcare data linkage projects are important steps towards facilitating enrichment of cardio-oncology research programmes. In this narrative review, we consider epidemiological trends of cancer and CVD comorbidities and the impact of their co-occurrence on clinical outcomes, current approach to supporting cancer patients with pre-existing CVD and gaps in existing knowledge.
Workplace mental health screening: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Strudwick Jessica , Gayed Aimee , Deady Mark , Haffar Sam , Mobbs Sophia , Malik Aiysha , Akhtar Aemal , Braund Taylor , Bryant Richard A , Harvey Samuel B
Published: June 2023

Workplaces are an important location for population mental health interventions. Screening to detect employees at risk of or experiencing mental ill health is increasingly common. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the efficacy of workplace mental health screening programmes on employee mental health, work outcomes, user satisfaction, positive mental health, quality of life, help-seeking and adverse effects. PubMed, PsycINFO, EMBASE, CENTRAL, Global Index Medicus, Global Health and SciELO were searched (database inception–10 November 2022) and results screened by two independent reviewers. Controlled trials evaluating screening of workers’ mental health as related to their employment were included. Random effects meta-analysis was performed to calculate pooled effect sizes for each outcome of interest. Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation was conducted to evaluate the certainty of findings. Of the 12 328 records screened, 11 were included. These reported 8 independent trials collectively assessing 2940 employees. Results indicated screening followed by advice or referral was ineffective in improving employee mental health symptoms (n=3; d=−0.07 (95% CI −0.29 to 0.15)). Screening followed by facilitated access to treatment interventions demonstrated a small improvement in mental health (n=4; d=−0.22 (95% CI −0.42 to –0.02)). Limited effects were observed for other outcomes. Certainty ranged from low to very low. The evidence supporting workplace mental health screening programmes is limited and available data suggest mental health screening alone does not improve worker mental health. Substantial variation in the implementation of screening was observed. Further research disentangling the independent effect of screening alongside the efficacy of other interventions to prevent mental ill health at work is required.
Assessment of type I interferon response in routine practice in France in 2022
Authors: Nombel Anais , Foray Anne Perrine , Garnier Lorna , Lombard Christine , Hachulla Eric , Bader-Meunier Brigitte , Georgin-Lavialle Sophie , Melki Isabelle , Walzer Thierry , Belot Alexandre , Viel Sebastien
Published: June 2023

An European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology task force recently recommended specific points to consider for exploring type I interferon pathway in patients, highlighting the lack of analytical assays validated for clinical routine. We report here the French experience on a type I interferon pathway assay that has been set up and used routinely since 2018 in Lyon, France.
The cigarette market in Brazil: new evidence on illicit practices from the 2019 National Health Survey
Authors: Szklo André Salem , Drope Jeffrey
Published: June 2023

Objective

To explore new evidence on illicit practices, such as selling legal brands below the minimum legal price (MLP), and smugglers selling illicit brands at or above the MLP.

Methods

For the first time in Brazil, self-reported information on cigarette brand name and price paid per pack in smokers’ last purchase from a nationally representative survey conducted in 2019 was used to distinguish the illicit and the legal markets. We estimated the proportion of illicit cigarette consumption, using the combination of brand and price.

Results

The proportion of smuggled illicit cigarette consumption based on brands not approved on the Brazilian market was estimated at 38.6% (95% CI: 35.8% to 41.5%). When we added legal brands not paying taxes, it increased to 47.1% (95% CI: 44.2% to 49.9%). Around 25% of illicit brand cigarettes were sold at or above MLP.

Conclusions

In Brazil, since 2017 there is a lack of adjustment in tobacco taxes and the MLP for inflation and income growth. The increase in cigarette affordability and the presence on the market of a segment of ‘higher-priced’ illicit brands suggest patterns of illicit brand loyalty and/or perceived ‘brand quality’ among smokers of illicit cigarettes. The evidence also shows that a sizeable proportion of legal brand cigarettes were sold below the MLP. This study offers insight into what happened in circumstances in which a government failed to keep current with tax policies and the monitoring of domestic manufacturing. Brazil has been a world leader in the monitoring of the tobacco epidemic, and this study also offers an innovative use of data that an increasing number of countries are collecting.
Epidemiology of C2 fractures and determinants of surgical management: analysis of a national registry
Authors: Salottolo Kristin , Betancourt Alejandro , Banton Kaysie L , Acuna David , Panchal Ripul , Bar-Or David , Palacio Carlos H
Published: June 2023

Objective

Operative management of axis fractures (C2) usually depend on the stability and location of the break and individual patient characteristics. We sought to describe the epidemiology of C2 fractures and hypothesized that determinants for surgery would differ by fracture diagnosis.

Methods

Patients with C2 fractures were identified from the US National Trauma Data Bank from January 1, 2017, to January 1, 2020. Patients were classified by C2 fracture diagnosis: odontoid type II, odontoid types I and III, and non-odontoid fracture (hangman’s fracture or fractures through base of the axis). The primary comparison was C2 fracture surgery versus non-operative management. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify independent associations with surgery. Decision tree-based models were developed to identify determinants for surgery.

Results

There were 38 080 patients; 42.7% had an odontoid type II fracture; 16.5% had an odontoid type I/III fracture; and 40.8% had a non-odontoid fracture. All examined patient demographics, clinical characteristics, outcomes, and interventions differed by C2 fracture diagnosis. Overall, 5292 (13.9%) were surgically managed (17.5% odontoid type II, 11.0% odontoid type I/III, and 11.2% non-odontoid; p<0.001). The following covariates increased odds of surgery for all three fracture diagnoses: younger age, treatment at a level I trauma center, fracture displacement, cervical ligament sprain, and cervical subluxation. Determinants of surgery differed by fracture diagnosis: for odontoid type II, age ≤80 years, a displaced fracture, and cervical ligament sprain were determinants; for odontoid type I/III, age ≤85 years, a displaced fracture, and cervical subluxation were determinants; for non-odontoid fractures, cervical subluxation and cervical ligament sprain were the strongest determinants for surgery, by hierarchy.

Conclusions

This is the largest published study of C2 fractures and current surgical management in the USA. Odontoid fractures, regardless of type, had age and fracture displacement as the strongest determinants for surgical management, whereas associated injuries were determinants of surgery for non-odontoid fractures.

Level of evidence

III.
Landlocked populations have small but detectable differences in ionoregulatory physiology compared to anadromous sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus
Authors: Norstog Jessica L. , McCormick Stephen D.
Published: June 2023

Life histories of anadromous and landlocked sea lamprey are similar, though landlocked populations lack seawater (SW) exposure, likely experiencing relaxed selection on SW survival traits. This study investigated SW osmoregulation in juvenile sea lamprey from one anadromous and three landlocked populations from the Great Lakes and Lake Champlain. Juveniles in all populations had strongly elevated gill Na+/K+-ATPase activity compared to larvae, indicating all populations underwent osmoregulatory changes associated with metamorphosis. Survival in SW was high in anadromous sea lamprey (90%) and highly variable among landlocked populations (40%–100%). Plasma ions’ levels were higher and hematocrit was lower after SW exposure in landlocked compared to anadromous sea lamprey. Freshwater (FW) gill ion transporter (H+-ATPase; Na+:Cl− cotransporter) mRNA levels were higher in FW and remained high after SW exposure in landlocked relative to anadromous juveniles. Landlocked lamprey had 24%–33% higher gill Na+:K+:2Cl− cotransporter abundance after SW exposure compared to anadromous lamprey. Our results indicate ionoregulatory differences that are consistent with relaxed selection on traits for SW entry and positive selection on FW traits in landlocked populations, suggestive of a recent Great Lakes invasion.
Linearly sofic Lie algebras
Authors: Cinel Cameron
Published: June 2023

We introduce and study linear soficity for Lie algebras, modeled after linear soficity in associative algebras. We introduce equivalent definitions of linear soficity, one involving metric ultraproducts and the other involving almost representations. We prove that any Lie algebra of subexponential growth is linearly sofic. We also prove that a Lie algebra over a field of characteristic 0 is linearly sofic if and only if its universal enveloping algebra is linearly sofic. As examples, we give explicit families of almost representations for the Witt and Virasoro algebras. Finally, we also show that the restricted universal enveloping algebra of a restricted linearly sofic Lie algebra is also linearly sofic.
Double graphs regularized multi-view subspace clustering
Authors: Chen Longlong , Wang Yulong , Liu Youheng , Hu Yutao , Wang Libin , Luo Huiwu , Tang Yuan Yan
Published: June 2023

In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in multi-view subspace clustering (MSC). However, existing MSC methods fail to take full advantage of the local geometric structure in each manifold throughout the data flow, which is essential for clustering. To remedy this drawback, in this paper, a novel Double Graphs Regularized Multi-view Subspace Clustering (DGRMSC) method is proposed, which aims to harness both global and local structural information of multi-view data in a unified framework. Specifically, DGRMSC first learns a latent representation to exploit the global complementary information of multiple views. Based on the learned latent representation, we learn a self-representation to explore its global cluster structure. Further, Double Graphs Regularization (DGR) is performed on both latent representation and self-representation to take advantage of their local manifold structures simultaneously. Then, we design an iterative algorithm to solve the optimization problem effectively. Comprehensive experiments on several popular multi-view datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Post-FOMC Drift
Authors: Ma Liang , Zhang Xiaowen
Published: June 2023

We study the patterns of stock returns around the Federal Reserve monetary policy announcements. Much of the existing literature interprets changes in short rates around the announcement windows as policy surprises. In contrast, we follow the “Fed information effect” literature, which posits that financial markets react to central bank announcements not just for unexpected changes in monetary policy stances (monetary policy news), but also for central bank’s assessment of economic conditions (non-monetary policy news). We identify the good/bad news using a combination of sign restrictions with high-frequency financial data. “Bad news” events are times when the market interpreted the Fed decisions/announcements as revealing negative Fed information about the economy, and vice versa for “good news” events. A novel finding is that following bad news events, we observe significantly positive stock returns in a 20-day period. This observation is largely consistent with a story of asymmetric effects of good and bad news on the level of uncertainty. Further analysis shows that the post-FOMC drift to economic news in Fed announcements is a market-wide phenomenon. A trading strategy that buys following “bad news” earns an excess return of 2.5% per year with a Sharpe ratio of 0.43.
PigSense: Structural Vibration-based Activity and Health Monitoring System for Pigs
Authors: Dong Yiwen , Bonde Amelie , Codling Jesse R. , Bannis Adeola , Cao Jinpu , Macon Asya , Rohrer Gary , Miles Jeremy , Sharma Sudhendu , Brown-Brandl Tami , Sangpetch Akkarit , Sangpetch Orathai , Zhang Pei , Noh Hae Young
Published: June 2023

Precision Swine Farming has the potential to directly benefit swine health and industry profit by automatically monitoring the growth and health of pigs. We introduce the first system to use structural vibration to track animals and the first system for automated characterization of piglet group activities, including nursing, sleeping, and active times. PigSense uses physical knowledge of the structural vibration characteristics caused by pig-activity-induced load changes to recognize different behaviors of the sow and piglets. For our system to survive the harsh environment of the farrowing pen for three months, we designed simple, durable sensors for physical fault tolerance, then installed many of them, pooling their data to achieve algorithmic fault tolerance even when some do stop working. The key focus of this work was to create a robust system that can withstand challenging environments, has limited installation and maintenance requirements, and uses domain knowledge to precisely detect a variety of swine activities in noisy conditions while remaining flexible enough to adapt to future activities and applications. We provided an extensive analysis and evaluation of all-round swine activities and scenarios from our one-year field deployment across two pig farms in Thailand and the USA. To help assess the risk of crushing, farrowing sicknesses, and poor maternal behaviors, PigSense achieves an average of 97.8% and 94% for sow posture and motion monitoring, respectively, and an average of 96% and 71% for ingestion and excretion detection. To help farmers monitor piglet feeding, starvation, and illness, PigSense achieves an average of 87.7%, 89.4%, and 81.9% in predicting different levels of nursing, sleeping, and being active, respectively. In addition, we show that our monitoring of signal energy changes allows the prediction of farrowing in advance, as well as status tracking during the farrowing process and on the occasion of farrowing issues. Furthermore, PigSense also predicts the daily pattern and weight gain in the lactation cycle with 89% accuracy, a metric that can be used to monitor the piglets’ growth progress over the lactation cycle.
Structure and Context: A Multi-Level Approach to Supply Chain Governance
Authors: Steinberg Jessica
Published: June 2023

The structure and governance of global supply chains not only shape social and environmental outcomes for both countries and firms, but also affect the quality of life at the local level, for those who live and work at each site of production. Existing literature on supply chain governance focuses on the transnational firm and has yielded a wide range of theoretical and empirical findings about firm- and nation-level outcomes. However, we know less about the drivers of variation in more localized social and environmental outcomes across production sites, which may result from local, national, and global actors and institutions that may interact. I provide a brief overview of the dominant literature on supply chain governance, highlighting the tendency to take an actor-centric approach. I then identify opportunities to study local social and environmental consequences of networked production using a more explicitly multi-actor and multi-level approach that can allow us to identify potential trade-offs, double wins, or spillovers between social and environmental outcomes.
Women and Power in the Developing World
Authors: Brulé Rachel E.
Published: June 2023

What do we know about women's negotiation of power in the Global South? The prevailing view tells us that women's power in the Global North is greater than in the South. Yet across analytic levels, the developing world provides striking models of the assertion of women's power that challenge established concepts of political and economic development. At the macro level of state development, research identifies how the subordination of women has been central to the creation and modern infrastructure of liberal democratic states or political orders. Data analysis here provides complementary evidence that the most effective alternatives to patriarchal political orders are originating in the developing world. At the meso level of policy-making processes, developing-world states are more likely than developed-world states to recognize and co-opt women's power. Finally, at the micro level, intrafamily negotiations of patriarchal power are most dynamic in the developing world, with the greatest promise to improve our understanding of the broader systems of power that drive states, policies, and welfare.
Unpacking and validating the “cell membrane” core concept of physiology by an Australian team
Authors: Etherington Sarah J. , Moorhouse Andrew J. , Paravicini Tamara M. , Towstoless Michelle , Hayes Alan , Hryciw Deanne H. , Lexis Louise , Tangalakis Kathy , Force Task
Published: June 2023

The “cell membrane” core concept was unpacked by a team of Australian physiology educators into a conceptual framework to provide guidance for students and educators. Key themes in the cell membrane core concept were cell membrane definition and structure, transport across cell membranes, and membrane potentials. Australian educators reviewing the framework identified cell membrane as an essential yet relatively simple core concept, suggesting that this is well-placed in foundational physiology courses across a diverse range of degrees.
Kir7.1 knockdown and inhibition alter renal electrolyte handling but not the development of hypertension in Dahl salt-sensitive rats
Authors: Zietara Adrian , Palygin Oleg , Levchenko Vladislav , Dissanayake Lashodya V. , Klemens Christine A. , Geurts Aron , Denton Jerod S. , Staruschenko Alexander
Published: June 2023

To investigate the role of the Kir7.1 channel in salt-sensitive hypertension, its function was examined using complementary genetic and pharmacological approaches. The results revealed that although reducing Kir7.1 expression had some impact on maintaining K+ and Na+ balance, it did not lead to a significant change in the development or magnitude of salt-induced hypertension. Hence, it is probable that Kir7.1 works in conjunction with other basolateral K+ channels to fine-tune membrane potential.
Improving the Photo Electro Catalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue by Modified TiO2/ITO Photo Anodes
Authors: Alsaleh Almohammad Jihad , Hashem Mohammad , Alchaghouri Hanan , Alghoraibi Ibrahim
Published: June 2023

TiO2 photoanodes have gained significant attention for the removal of organic pollutants through photoelectrocatalytic processes, with the aim of developing a cost-effective and efficient method for improving the degradation of pollutants in surface water. This study investigated the effects of adding titanium nanooxide (Degussa P25) containing 70% anatase and 30% rutile phases on the properties of nanostructured TiO2 photoanodes prepared on glass substrates (indium tin oxide (ITO)) using sol–gel/dip coating techniques The results obtained from ultraviolet–visible transmittance spectroscopy, electrochemical (EC) impedance spectroscopy, photocurrent, and atomic force microscopy analyses revealed that the addition of Degussa P25 improved the electrical conductivity of the TiO2/ITO anode and reduced the optical bandgap from 3.50 to 3.35 eV, while the size of the titanium oxide particles decreased to about 75 nm. The EC impedance spectra measurement confirms that the addition of titanium nanooxide Degussa P25 improved the electrical conductivity for TiO2/ITO anode. The photoelectrocatalysis (PEC) performance of the TiO2 photoanodes was investigated via the degradation of methylene blue (MB) under UVA light irradiation. The AB photoanode (with the addition of Degussa P25) exhibited excellent PEC performance, with 95.9% color removal efficiency and 63% total organic carbon (TOC) removal efficiency, compared to 92% color removal efficiency and 56% TOC removal efficiency for the A photoanode (without the addition of Degussa P25). The kinetic constants (k) were 134 × 10−4, 110 × 10−4 (min−1) for A and AB anodes, respectively, and the degradation of MB followed first-order kinetics for all anodes. The A and AB anodes were compared as electrodes for the degradation of MB using PEC, photocatalysis (PC), and EC technologies. Subsequently, The A and AB anodes were utilized as electrodes to compare the performance of PEC, PC, and EC technologies for the degradation of MB. The results showed that the AB anode exhibited higher efficiency in all PC technologies, with color removal (%) efficiencies of 95.9% (PEC), 33% (PC), and 21% (EC) compared to 92% (PEC), 28% (PC), and 19% (EC) for the A anode. Additionally, the photooxidation process had a 2.1% effect on the degradation of the initial MB concentration.
Effects of Pitaya Peel Supplementation on Nutritional Quality, Overall Sensory Acceptance, In Vitro Glycemic Index, and Antioxidant Release from Fiber-Enriched Cookies
Authors: Mai Thi Hai Anh , Tran Thi Thu Tra , Le Van Viet Man
Published: June 2023

Pitaya peel is a by-product of fruit processing. In this study, the effects of pitaya peel supplementation in the cookie recipe on the nutritional quality, in vitro glycemic index, and antioxidant release from the enriched fiber cookies were investigated. The higher the ratio of pitaya peel powder (PPP) in the recipe, the greater the dietary fiber, betacyanin and phenolic contents, and antioxidant activities of the product. Cookies supplemented with 10–25% PPP were classified as having a low glycemic index, ranging from 51.9 to 45.7 in relation to glucose reference. The release of betacyanins, phenolics, and antioxidant activities from the cookie samples was recorded at the salivary, gastric, intestinal, and colon steps during in vitro sequential digestion, and the gastric digestion showed the highest release of antioxidant content and activity. The increased PPP ratio in the cookie recipe improved the antioxidant activities of the aqueous fractions at the four digestive steps. Statement. This study has a preprint entitled “Effects of the ratio of pitaya peel powder on the product quality, predicted glycemic index, and antioxidant release during in vitro sequential digestion” (DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2322871/v1). This preprint was posted on the research square website on December 5th, 2022.
Study on Fault Feature Extraction of Rolling Bearing Based on Improved WOA-FMD Algorithm
Authors: Jia Guangfei , Meng Yanchao
Published: June 2023

The vibration signal of rolling bearing fault is nonlinear and nonstationary under the interference of background noise, and it is difficult to extract fault features from it. When feature mode decomposition is used to analyze signals, prior parameter settings can easily affect the decomposition results. Therefore, a fault feature extraction method based on improved whale optimization algorithm is proposed to optimize feature modal decomposition parameters. The improved WOA integrates Lévy flight and adaptive weight, and envelope entropy is used as fitness function to optimize feature modal decomposition parameters. The feature mode decomposition of the original signal is performed using the optimal combination of parameters to obtain multiple IMF components. The optimal IMF component envelope demodulation analysis is selected according to the kurtosis value, and the fault feature is extracted through the envelope spectrum. Comparing the LMWOA method with PSO and WOA methods by simulated and experimental signals, the results show that the optimization speed of LMWOA is faster than that of other methods. Compared with CEEMD, VMD, and FMD methods, the improved WOA-FMD method has higher fault feature ratio and can accurately extract fault features under noise interference. This method can effectively solve the parameter adaptive ability and improve the accuracy of fault diagnosis, which has practical significance.
Requirements, Challenges, and Key Components to Improve Onboard Medical Care Using Maritime Telemedicine: Narrative Review
Authors: Mohammadzadeh Niloofar , Gholamzadeh Marsa
Published: June 2023

Introduction. Telemedicine has been able to bring healthcare services to all people in far locations such as the sea. Our main objective was to overview the main features, challenges, and requirements of applying telemedicine at sea. Methods. The electronic search includes all types of papers published in English. It was performed in four databases with keywords to Feb 2023. Next, main categories were defined to extract major concepts. By mapping extracted themes, maritime telemedicine concepts were represented in two conceptual models. Results. After screening the papers based on title and abstract, 18 articles remained. They can be divided into 13 categories based on their clinical domains. Out of 18 reviewed articles, six articles were published in 2020. The greatest number of studies with five articles was conducted in France. Evidence showed that maritime telemedicine service can be provided to all kinds of ships. Regarding clinical domains, the greatest demand belonged to primary care problems (5 papers) and general health assessment (4 papers). Challenges were divided into four main categories. Moreover, the required services and equipment in four categories were described too. Finally, a conceptual model is represented for providing telemedicine services at sea using satellite Internet. Conclusion. Despite the existing challenges in providing the required equipment and resources for the implementation of maritime medicine, it has an important role in providing better care for seafarers without time limitations.
Análisis del estudio “Cuando la recuperación económica es valorada: un caso a favor de una política fiscal expansiva en economías abiertas”
Authors: Guthmann Rafael
Published: June 2023

En este estudio exploramos una cuestión clásica de las finanzas internacionales: ¿por qué, en situaciones de crisis económica grave, los gobiernos de economías abiertas como Chile, Colombia o Nueva Zelandia deberían optar por aumentar el gasto a pesar de tener un sistema de tipo de cambio flexible? El modelo tradicional Mundell-Fleming lo desaconseja: un aumento del gasto público se ve contrarrestado por los efectos negativos de una apreciación de la moneda local sobre las exportaciones netas tras un aumento del tipo de interés. Continuar leyendo...
Supplementary Data from Shortwave Infrared Imaging Enables High-Contrast Fluorescence-Guided Surgery in Neuroblastoma
Authors: Privitera Laura , Waterhouse Dale J. , Preziosi Alessandra , Paraboschi Irene , Ogunlade Olumide , Da Pieve Chiara , Barisa Marta , Ogunbiyi Olumide , Weitsman Gregory , Hutchinson J. Ciaran , Cross Kate , Biassoni Lorenzo , Stoyanov Danail , Sebire Neil , Beard Paul , De Coppi Paolo , Kramer-Marek Gabriela , Anderson John , Giuliani Stefano
Published: June 2023

Supplementary methods and figures
Figure 6 from Shortwave Infrared Imaging Enables High-Contrast Fluorescence-Guided Surgery in Neuroblastoma
Authors: Privitera Laura , Waterhouse Dale J. , Preziosi Alessandra , Paraboschi Irene , Ogunlade Olumide , Da Pieve Chiara , Barisa Marta , Ogunbiyi Olumide , Weitsman Gregory , Hutchinson J. Ciaran , Cross Kate , Biassoni Lorenzo , Stoyanov Danail , Sebire Neil , Beard Paul , De Coppi Paolo , Kramer-Marek Gabriela , Anderson John , Giuliani Stefano
Published: June 2023

Imaging of stained cell pellets beneath tissue-mimicking material using multispectral NIR-I/SWIR fluorescence imaging. A, Microcentrifuges tubes containing pellets of 2 × 106 GD2-positive cells (LAN-1) and GD2-negative cells (SUPT1-WT) stained with 100 nmol/L of anti–GD2-IR800 and covered with a 2% emulsion intralipid. The pellet is located at the tip of the tube. The fluid level is marked in red on the Petri dish. B and C, Multispectral NIR-I/SWIR fluorescence images were captured. Images show the anti–GD2-IR800–stained GD2-positive cells (LAN-1; B) and the anti–GD2-IR800–stained GD2-negative cells (SUPT1-WT; C). White dotted lines show the approximate location of the microcentrifuge tube. D, Line profiles across the fluorescence images were fitted with a Gaussian plus linear background to extract a height and FWHM. Fits shown as a black line. E–G, Bar graphs of the height (E and F) and the FWHM (G and H) versus depth for each wavelength band for GD2-positive (LAN-1) cells stained with anti–GD2-IR800 (E and G) and anti–GD2-IR12 (F and H).
Figure 5 from Shortwave Infrared Imaging Enables High-Contrast Fluorescence-Guided Surgery in Neuroblastoma
Authors: Privitera Laura , Waterhouse Dale J. , Preziosi Alessandra , Paraboschi Irene , Ogunlade Olumide , Da Pieve Chiara , Barisa Marta , Ogunbiyi Olumide , Weitsman Gregory , Hutchinson J. Ciaran , Cross Kate , Biassoni Lorenzo , Stoyanov Danail , Sebire Neil , Beard Paul , De Coppi Paolo , Kramer-Marek Gabriela , Anderson John , Giuliani Stefano
Published: June 2023

In vitro multispectral NIR-I/SWIR fluorescence imaging of anti–GD2-IR800 and anti–GD2-IR12 A. Schematic representation of selected cell lines (left) and number of cells used (right) to assess the camera sensitivity. Cells were stained with 100 nmol/L of anti–GD2-IR800 and anti–GD2-IR12 and prepared as pellets in microcentrifuge tubes [tubes 1–4, GD2-positive; tubes 5–8, SUPT1-WT (GD2-negative)]. B, Multispectral NIR-I/SWIR images were acquired. Images are shown for 1,050-nm LP filter LAN-1 cells (tubes 1–4) and SUPT1- WT cells (tubes 5–8) with anti–GD2-IR800 and anti–GD2-IR12 on the same fluorescence intensity scale. Yellow dotted lines show the approximate positions of Eppendorf tubes. C, The SBR was calculated as the MFI of each cell pellet divided by the MFI of the control cell pellets for the corresponding cell line and dye. Data are shown for the 850-nm long-pass filter. Error bars are derived from the SEs within the signal and background ROIs. D, MFI of anti–GD2-IR800 and anti–GD2-IR12 decrease towards longer wavelengths. The shaded region represents SE over pixels in ROI. Exposure time = 25 ms.
Supplementary Fig 1 from Ubiquitin Ligases Siah1a/2 Control Alveolar Macrophage Functions to Limit Carcinogen-Induced Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Scortegagna Marzia , Du Yuanning , Bradley Linda M. , Wang Kun , Molinolo Alfredo , Ruppin Eytan , Murad Rabi , Ronai Ze'ev A.
Published: June 2023

Sup Fig 1
Figure 2 from Proteomic Profiling of Extracellular Matrix Components from Patient Metastases Identifies Consistently Elevated Proteins for Developing Nanobodies That Target Primary Tumors and Metastases
Authors: Jailkhani Noor , Clauser Karl R. , Mak Howard H. , Rickelt Steffen , Tian Chenxi , Whittaker Charles A. , Tanabe Kenneth K. , Purdy Stephen R. , Carr Steven A. , Hynes Richard O.
Published: June 2023

Proteomic analysis of ECM-enriched fractions identifies signatures associated with human TNBC and colorectal cancer metastases to different organs. A, Venn diagram showing the overlap of matrisome proteins identified from TNBC metastases from four different patients to two different metastatic sites (lungs and liver). (See Supplementary Table S1 for full lists of proteins.) B, Venn diagram showing the overlap of matrisome proteins identified from TNBC and colorectal cancer metastases to the liver from four different patients. (See Supplementary Table S1.) A and B, Inset, Venn diagram showing the 67-protein “metastasis-associated ECM signature” shared by all patient samples. C, Figure lists the identities of the 67 proteins in the metastasis-associated signature and their matrisome categories. D, Overlap of the metastasis-associated signature with ECM signatures identified in previously published literature of mammary carcinoma (Naba eLife), PDAC (Tian; ref. 30), colorectal cancer (Naba BMC), lung adenocarcinoma (Gocheva; ref. 31), and ovarian cancer (Matrix index). Naba eLife, pink boxes are proteins detected in both LM2- and 231-derived tumors; #, detected in LM2 only; ##, detected in 231 only. Tian and colleagues (30), orange boxes are proteins significantly overrepresented in PanIN and PDAC; #, significantly overrepresented in PanIN only; ##, significantly overrepresented in PDAC only. Naba BMC, purple squares represent proteins with a 10-fold higher abundance in colon tumors compared with normal colon; #, 10-fold higher abundance in liver metastases compared with normal liver; ##, 10-fold higher abundance in both primary tumors and liver metastases compared with corresponding normal tissues. Gocheva and colleagues (31), proteins that were significantly abundant in the following disease tissues are indicated as T, tumor; M, lung metastases; F, lung fibroses. E, PCA plots showing expression of all matrisome genes and the 67-ECM signature from RNA sequencing data derived from TCGA-BRCA dataset. Both plots show a clear separation between the normal (green) and primary tumors (blue) and a co-clustering of the metastases with the primary tumor cluster. Lg1 and 2 refer to lung metastases from patient 1 and 2; Lv1 and Lv2 refer to liver metastases from patient 1 and 2. CRC, colorectal cancer.
Figure S2 from Distinct Nrf2 Signaling Thresholds Mediate Lung Tumor Initiation and Progression
Authors: DeBlasi Janine M. , Falzone Aimee , Caldwell Samantha , Prieto-Farigua Nicolas , Prigge Justin R. , Schmidt Edward E. , Chio Iok In Christine , Karreth Florian A. , DeNicola Gina M.
Published: June 2023

Supplementary Fig. S2 shows lung tumor analysis data for Keap1/Nrf2 mutant mice in the KrasG12D/+ model.
Supplementary Figure S2 from Patient-Specific Targeting of the T-Cell Receptor Variable Region as a Therapeutic Strategy in Clonal T-Cell Diseases
Authors: Lucero Olivia M. , Lee Ji-Ann , Bowman Jenna , Johnson Kara , Sapparapu Gopal , Thomas John K. , Fan Guang , Chang Bill H. , Thiel-Klare Karina , Eide Christopher A. , Okada Craig , Palazzolo Mike , Lind Evan , Kosaka Yoko , Druker Brian J. , Lydon Nicholas , Bowers Peter M.
Published: June 2023

Supplementary Figure S2: The binding specificity of αVβ monoclonal antibodies.
Data from Integrative single-cell and bulk transcriptomes analyses identify intrinsic HNSCC subtypes with distinct prognoses and therapeutic vulnerabilities
Authors: Dai Yibin , Wang Ziyu , Xia Yingcao , Li Jin , Wu Yaping , Wang Yanling , Jiang Hongbing , Cheng Jie
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose: Tumor heterogeneity in head neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) profoundly compromises patient stratification, treatment planning and prognostic prediction, which underscores the urgent need for more effective molecular subtyping for this malignancy. Here, we sought to define the intrinsic epithelial subtypes for HNSCC by integrative analyses of single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing datasets from multiple cohorts and assess their molecular features and clinical significance. Experimental design: Malignant epithelial cells were identified from scRNA-seq datasets and subtyped based on differentially expressed genes. Subtype-specific genomic/epigenetic abnormalities, molecular signaling, regulatory network, immune landscape and patient survival were characterized. Therapeutic vulnerabilities were further predicted based on drug sensitivity datasets from cell lines, patient-derived xenograft models and real-world clinical outcomes. Novel signatures for prognostication and therapeutic prediction were developed by machine learning and independently validated. Results: Three intrinsic consensus molecular subtypes (iCMS1-3) for HNSCC were proposed from scRNA-seq analyses and recapitulated in 1325 patients from independent cohorts using bulk datasets. iCMS1 was characterized by EGFR amplification/activation, stromal-enriched environment, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, worst survival and sensitivities to EGFR inhibitor. iCMS2 was featured by HPV+ oropharyngeal predilection, immune-hot, susceptibilities to anti-PD-1 and best prognosis. Moreover, iCMS3 displayed immune-desert and sensitivities to 5-FU and MEK, STAT3 inhibitors. Three novel, robust signatures derived from iCMS subtype-specific transcriptomics features were developed by machine learning for patient prognostication and cetuximab and anti-PD-1 response predictions. Conclusions: These findings reiterate molecular heterogeneity of HNSCC and advantages of scRNA-seq in pinpointing cellular diversities in complex cancer ecosystems. Our HNSCC iCMS regime might facilitate patient stratification and precision medicine.