bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Methionine restriction-induced sulfur deficiency impairs antitumour immunity partially through gut microbiota
Authors: Ji Ming , Xu Xiaojiang , Xu Qing , Hsiao Yun-Chung , Martin Cody , Ukraintseva Svetlana , Popov Vladimir , Arbeev Konstantin G. , Randall Tom A. , Wu Xiaoyue , Garcia-Peterson Liz M. , Liu Juan , Xu Xin , Andrea Azcarate-Peril M. , Wan Yisong , Yashin Anatoliy I. , Anantharaman Karthik , Lu Kun , Li Jian-Liang , Shats Igor , Li Xiaoling
Published: August 2023

Restriction of methionine (MR), a sulfur-containing essential amino acid, has been reported to repress cancer growth and improve therapeutic responses in several preclinical settings. However, how MR impacts cancer progression in the context of the intact immune system is unknown. Here we report that while inhibiting cancer growth in immunocompromised mice, MR reduces T cell abundance, exacerbates tumour growth and impairs tumour response to immunotherapy in immunocompetent male and female mice. Mechanistically, MR reduces microbial production of hydrogen sulfide, which is critical for immune cell survival/activation. Dietary supplementation of a hydrogen sulfide donor or a precursor, or methionine, stimulates antitumour immunity and suppresses tumour progression. Our findings reveal an unexpected negative interaction between MR, sulfur deficiency and antitumour immunity and further uncover a vital role of gut microbiota in mediating this interaction. Our study suggests that any possible anticancer benefits of MR require careful consideration of both the microbiota and the immune system.
CD8+ T cells maintain killing of MHC-I-negative tumor cells through the NKG2D–NKG2DL axis
Authors: Lerner Emily C. , Woroniecka Karolina I. , D’Anniballe Vincent M. , Wilkinson Daniel S. , Mohan Aditya A. , Lorrey Selena J. , Waibl-Polania Jessica , Wachsmuth Lucas P. , Miggelbrink Alexandra M. , Jackson Joshua D. , Cui Xiuyu , Raj Jude A. , Tomaszewski William H. , Cook Sarah L. , Sampson John H. , Patel Anoop P. , Khasraw Mustafa , Gunn Michael D. , Fecci Peter E.
Published: August 2023

The accepted paradigm for both cellular and anti-tumor immunity relies upon tumor cell killing by CD8+T cells recognizing cognate antigens presented in the context of target cell major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I (MHC-I) molecules. Likewise, a classically described mechanism of tumor immune escape is tumor MHC-I downregulation. Here, we report that CD8+T cells maintain the capacity to kill tumor cells that are entirely devoid of MHC-I expression. This capacity proves to be dependent instead on interactions between T cell natural killer group 2D (NKG2D) and tumor NKG2D ligands (NKG2DLs), the latter of which are highly expressed on MHC-loss variants. Necessarily, tumor cell killing in these instances is antigen independent, although prior T cell antigen-specific activation is required and can be furnished by myeloid cells or even neighboring MHC-replete tumor cells. In this manner, adaptive priming can beget innate killing. These mechanisms are active in vivo in mice as well as in vitro in human tumor systems and are obviated by NKG2D knockout or blockade. These studies challenge the long-advanced notion that downregulation of MHC-I is a viable means of tumor immune escape and instead identify the NKG2D–NKG2DL axis as a therapeutic target for enhancing T cell-dependent anti-tumor immunity against MHC-loss variants.
An eco-friendly fluorometric assay for high-sensitive meloxicam quantitation in biological matrices
Authors: Wang Zhong-Xia , Liu Kai-Qi , Meng Xiang-Ying , Li Feng , Li Heng-Ye , Gao Hang , Wang Wei
Published: August 2023

An eco-friendly fluorescent probe (nano-Cdots) was developed for the detection of meloxicam in biological matrices based on the cooperative mechanisms of inner filter effect and photoelectron transfer.
One-pot preparation of supramolecularly functionalized silver nanoparticles for surface plasmon resonance based dual-modal sensing of phytotoxic polychlorinated biphenyl
Authors: Cui Jingcheng , Chen Shichao , Wang Yu , Ji Zhongyuan , Lu Wenhui , Zhu Yanyan , Ma Yongshan , Chen Feiyong , Zhang Guiqin
Published: August 2023

Supramolecularly functionalized silver nanoparticle serve as a surface plasmon resonance based dual-modal nanosensor for phytotoxic polychlorinated biphenyl.
Dual-responsive PEG–lipid polyester nanoparticles for siRNA and vaccine delivery elicit anti-cancer immune responses by modulating tumor microenvironment
Authors: Liu Zixu , Zhao Linxuan , Feng Yupeng , Wang Qingqing , Dong Nan , Zhang Yu , Yin Tian , He Haibing , Tang Xing , Gou Jingxin , Yang Li
Published: August 2023

Dual-responsive PEG-lipid polyester nanoparticles (PEG BR647-NPs) were employed as a vaccine and STAT3 siRNA carrier for tumor-targeted delivery to modulate the tumor microenvironment.
Construction of N-doped nickel sulfide nanosheets via PANI as a nitrogen donor for superior electrocatalytic water splitting
Authors: Hu Liwen , Xiang Dan , Gan Yi , Wen LiangYing , Lv Xuewei , Hu Meilong , Xin Yuntao , Hou Zhuoran
Published: August 2023

The microscopic morphology of NiS nanosheets was modified by doping with nitrogen atoms, and nanosheet-like N-NiS achieves impressive catalytic activity by in situ growth on nickel foam.
An effective approximation of Coriolis coupling in reactive scattering: application to the time-dependent wave packet calculations
Authors: Chen Hanghang , Buren Bayaer , Yang Zijiang , Chen Maodu
Published: August 2023

An improved coupled state approximation is extended to deal with the reactive scattering of atom–diatom systems by the time-dependent wave packet approach.
The first HyDRA challenge for computational vibrational spectroscopy
Authors: Fischer Taija L. , Bödecker Margarethe , Schweer Sophie M. , Dupont Jennifer , Lepère Valéria , Zehnacker-Rentien Anne , Suhm Martin A. , Schröder Benjamin , Henkes Tobias , Andrada Diego M. , Balabin Roman M. , Singh Haobam Kisan , Bhattacharyya Himangshu Pratim , Sarma Manabendra , Käser Silvan , Töpfer Kai , Vazquez-Salazar Luis I. , Boittier Eric D. , Meuwly Markus , Mandelli Giacomo , Lanzi Cecilia , Conte Riccardo , Ceotto Michele , Dietrich Fabian , Cisternas Vicente , Gnanasekaran Ramachandran , Hippler Michael , Jarraya Mahmoud , Hochlaf Majdi , Viswanathan Narasimhan , Nevolianis Thomas , Rath Gabriel , Kopp Wassja A. , Leonhard Kai , Mata Ricardo A.
Published: August 2023

A joint community effort to critically evaluate quantum chemical approaches to the prediction of vibrational shifts of hydrates in the gas phase.
Competitive effects of salt and surfactant on the structure of nanoparticles in a binary system of nanoparticle and protein
Authors: Saha Debasish , Kumar Sugam , Mata Jitendra P. , Whitten Andrew E. , Aswal Vinod K.
Published: August 2023

Structure formation of the binary system of silica nanoparticle–BSA protein in presence of salt (below and above the critical salt concentration (CSC)) as a function of SDS concentration.
Tunable electrical properties and multiple-phases of ferromagnetic GdS2, GdSe2 and Janus GdSSe monolayers
Authors: Gao Zhihao , Yin Yuehao , Wang Yuwan , Cui Zichun , Cao Tengfei , Shi Junqin , Fan Xiaoli
Published: August 2023

Tunable electrical properties and strain-driven phase transitions occur in ferromagnetic GdS2, GdSe2 and Janus GdSSe monolayers, which are significant in spintronic devices.
Molecular dynamics of the spontaneous generation mechanism of natural gas hydrates during methane nanobubble rupture
Authors: Liu Changsheng , Zhang Yan , Yang Liang , Wang Caizhuang , Lu Xihong , Lin Shiwei
Published: August 2023

A new mechanism of natural gas hydrate formation is reported, which promotes the rapid formation of natural gas hydrates during the process of a rapid decrease of temperature and pressure in the system.
Hydrogen complexes on single atom alloys: classical chemisorption versus coordination chemistry
Authors: Barlocco Ilaria , Di Liberto Giovanni , Pacchioni Gianfranco
Published: August 2023

Single Atom Alloys (SAAs) represent one of the most promising classes of heterogeneous catalysts.
NHC-catalyzed enantioselective radical reactions of enal and pyridinium salt: mechanism and origin of regio- and stereoselectivities
Authors: Chen Kuohong , Zhang Jiaming , Shi Qianqian , Han Lili , Fu Dongmin , Wei Donghui , Zhu Yanyan
Published: August 2023

The origin of regio- and stereoselectivities of NHC-catalyzed enantioselective radical reactions of an enal and a pyridinium salt has been explored via theory for the first time.
Highly durable and sustainable copper–iron–tin–sulphide (Cu2FeSnS4) anode for Li-ion batteries: effect of operating temperatures
Authors: Inamdar Akbar I. , Salunke Amol S. , Hou Bo , Shrestha Nabeen K. , Im Hyunsik , Kim Hyungsang
Published: August 2023

We fabricated a novel anode material (Cu2FeSnS4) and investigated its LiB performance at different operating temperatures. It exhibited outstanding cycling stability with a capacity retention of 146% and coulombic efficiency of more than 80%.
Size economy and first hyperpolarizability: synthesis and nonlinear optical behavior of ferrocene-based donor–acceptor chromophores lacking π-linkers
Authors: Kumar Pawan , de Coene Yovan , Clays Koen , Kaur Paramjit , Singh Kamaljit
Published: August 2023

The question of size economy in the design of chromophores for nonlinear optics is addressed in this investigation.
Concluding remarks: Harnessing non-covalent interactions for synthesis and catalysis
Authors: Weller Andrew
Published: August 2023

An overview of the Faraday Discussion meeting on harnessing non-covalent interactions for synthesis and catalysis, is presented.
Programmable magnetic robot (ProMagBot) for automated nucleic acid extraction at the point of need
Authors: Politza Anthony J. , Liu Tianyi , Guan Weihua
Published: August 2023

ProMagBot introduces scalable electromagnetic control of magnetic beads. The device is a handheld, battery-powered, and field-deployable sample preparation device that can extract viral RNA from plasma samples in under 20 minutes.
Uncapped SnO2 quantum dots for selective adsorption, separation and photocatalytic degradation of a mixture of dyes
Authors: Reshma T. S. , Pan Sourav , Das Arindam
Published: August 2023

Adsorption and photocatalysis processes are of high significance for the remediation of toxic dyes in aquatic media.
Biodegradable nanoemulsion-based bioorthogonal nanocatalysts for intracellular generation of anticancer therapeutics
Authors: Nabawy Ahmed , Gupta Aarohi , Jiang Mingdi , Hirschbiegel Cristina-Maria , Fedeli Stefano , Chattopadhyay Aritra Nath , Park Jungmi , Zhang Xianzhi , Liu Liang , Rotello Vincent M.
Published: August 2023

A biodegradable nanoemulsion to encapsulate hydrophobic transition metal catalysts (TMCs) and perform intracellular bioorthogonal activation of prodrugs for anticancer therapy.
Photostabilisation of an omniphobic, drop-castable surface coating by transformation of a self-assembled supramolecular xerogel into a covalent polymer xerogel
Authors: Wasternack Janos , White Tom , Müller Sebastian , Schalley Christoph A.
Published: August 2023

Simple drop-casting of a new gelator, incorporating a diacetylene core and fluorous ponytails, yields porous, omniphobic surface coatings.
Visible light induced boryl radical and its application in reduction of unsaturated XO (X = C, N, S) bonds
Authors: Yin Lingfeng , Huang Guanglong , Lin Xiuhua , Song Xinluo , Chen Yanqi , Yan Tianhong , Li Mingde , Dang Li
Published: August 2023

A boryl radical is generated by 4-cyanopyridine and B2cat2 and illustrated a ketyl radical by visible light, furtherly reduced unsaturated double bond XO (X = C, N, S). The reaction mechanism is confirmed by spectroscopy and calculation studies.
Advances in biomass derived low-cost carbon catalyst for biodiesel production: preparation methods, reaction conditions, and mechanisms
Authors: Yadav Gaurav , Yadav Nidhi , Ahmaruzzaman Md.
Published: August 2023

Biodiesel is a less hazardous, environmentally friendly biofuel. Waste biomass derived heterogeneous sulfonated catalysts were a significant focus of the most advanced biodiesel processing techniques for simple and low-cost manufacturing processes.
Retraction: Down-regulation of MRPS23 inhibits LPS-induced proliferation and invasion via regulation of the NF-κB signaling pathway in osteosarcoma cells
Authors: Liu Ai-Guo , Xu Ke-Lin , Wang Wei-Lin , Zhou Bing-Kang , Guo Qing-Gong
Published: August 2023

Retraction of ‘Down-regulation of MRPS23 inhibits LPS-induced proliferation and invasion via regulation of the NF-κB signaling pathway in osteosarcoma cells’ by Ai-Guo Liu et al., RSC Adv., 2019, 9, 10561–10568, https://doi.org/10.1039/C8RA08973F.
In situ construction of AFe2O4/Fe2O3 (A = Cd, Ca, Zn) array structures for selective detection of VOCs
Authors: Li Baosheng , Zheng Ming , Wang Tingting , Zheng Qiuyue , Ma Ruibai , Major Zoltán , Zhang Xianfa , Huo Lihua , Gao Shan , Zhou Xin , Cheng Xiaoli , Xu Yingming
Published: August 2023

Interface engineering has become an effective strategy to enhance the performance of functional materials.
Design and investigation of targeting agent orientation and density on nanoparticles for enhancing cellular uptake efficiency
Authors: Fei Weiwei , Wang Xiuli , Guo Jia , Wang Changchun
Published: August 2023

Benzoboroxole-modified magnetic nanoparticles are designed for oriented immobilization and density control of the targeting agents to obtain enhanced cellular uptake efficiency.
Blocking wide bandgap mixed halide perovskites’ decomposition through polymer inclusion
Authors: Bisconti Francesco , Leoncini Mauro , Bravetti Gianluca , Giuri Antonella , Polimeno Laura , Carallo Sonia , Colella Silvia , Gatto Lorenzo , Grandi Federico , Cinquanta Eugenio , Vozzi Caterina , Gambino Salvatore , Dominici Lorenzo , Rizzo Aurora
Published: August 2023

The relatively easy tunability of perovskites’ energy gap, as well as the synthesis of mixed halide perovskites, make them highly versatile and compatible with others semiconductor materials to produce efficient tandem solar cells.
Supramolecular polymerization of chiral platinum(ii) complexes: transformable nanoassemblies and their amplified circularly polarized luminescence
Authors: Zhu Xiaolin , Wang Zhen , Jia Yihui , Yang Fang , Zhang Youzhi , Zhao Shirui , He Xiaoming
Published: August 2023

This research article presents a novel Pt(ii) complex exhibiting polymorphic self-assembly with well-defined nanostructures in various conditions through the interplay of different non-covalent interactions.
Theoretical insights into the two-dimensional gallium oxide monolayer for adsorption and gas sensing of C4F7N decomposition products
Authors: Han Rong , Zhang Zhaofu , Liu Wei , Ma Fengxiang , Guo Hailing , Jiang Zhuo , Wan Xuhao , Wang Anyang , Yuan Chao , Zhou Wenjun , Zheng Yu , Guo Yuzheng
Published: August 2023

A new descriptor w is provided to explain the different gas sensitivity. Displacement of local atoms and an electron localization–delocalization transition caused by biaxial strain can regulate the gas sensing behavior.
Dual-responsive PU inverse photonic crystal film with high flexibility for anti-counterfeiting
Authors: Zhang Xin , Zhang Ziyuan , Yu Fuchang
Published: August 2023

PU inverse photonic crystal film with reversible switching between collapse and ordered macroporous structure character in dry and ethanol soaking environment, shows varied color changes in ethanol of different concentrations under stepwise recovery.
DNA sensing in cancer: Pro-tumour and anti-tumour functions of cGAS–STING signalling
Authors: Wheeler Otto P.G. , Unterholzner Leonie
Published: August 2023

The DNA sensor cGAS (cyclic GMP-AMP synthase) and its adaptor protein STING (Stimulator of Interferon Genes) detect the presence of cytosolic DNA as a sign of infection or damage. In cancer cells, this pathway can be activated through persistent DNA damage and chromosomal instability, which results in the formation of micronuclei and the exposure of DNA fragments to the cytosol. DNA damage from radio- or chemotherapy can further activate DNA sensing responses, which may occur in the cancer cells themselves or in stromal and immune cells in the tumour microenvironment (TME). cGAS–STING signalling results in the production of type I interferons, which have been linked to immune cell infiltration in ‘hot’ tumours that are susceptible to immunosurveillance and immunotherapy approaches. However, recent research has highlighted the complex nature of STING signalling, with tumours having developed mechanisms to evade and hijack this signalling pathway for their own benefit. In this mini-review we will explore how cGAS–STING signalling in different cells in the TME can promote both anti-tumour and pro-tumour responses. This includes the role of type I interferons and the second messenger cGAMP in the TME, and the influence of STING signalling on local immune cell populations. We examine how alternative signalling cascades downstream of STING can promote chronic interferon signalling, the activation of the transcription factor nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and the production of inflammatory cytokines, which can have pro-tumour functions. An in-depth understanding of DNA sensing in different cell contexts will be required to harness the anti-tumour functions of STING signalling.
Neural network based robust optimal energy control of pulse width modulation‐inverter fed motor driving pump
Authors: Ebrahim Osama S. , Badr Mohamad A. , Elgendy Ali S. , Jain Praveen K. , Shawky Kareem O.
Published: August 2023

This paper revisits loss model control (LMC) of the 3‐phase induction motor (IM) and presents a robust LMC algorithm for medium‐sized pump drives. Compared with other power loss reduction algorithms for IM, the presented one has the advantages of fast and smooth flux adaptation, high accuracy, and versatile implementation. An improved loss‐model for IM drive has been developed. The model considers the surplus power loss caused by inverter voltage harmonics and magnetic saturation using closed‐form equations. Further, the resistance‐temperature change is considered by a first‐order thermal model. To determine the optimal flux level that achieves maximum drive efficiency, an artificial neural network (ANN) controller is synthesised and trained offline. The voltage and speed control loops are connecting via the stator frequency to avoid the possibility of excessive magnetization. Beside, the obtained thermal information enhances motor protection and control. These together have the potential of making the proposed algorithm robust and reliable. The system reliability is investigated and assessed in terms of energy saving using ramp start/stop. Theoretical analysis, computer simulations, and experimental studies are performed on 5.5 kW variable speed water pump using the proposed control. The test results are provided and discussed to validate the effectiveness.
Energy balanced routing protocol based on improved particle swarm optimisation and ant colony algorithm for museum environmental monitoring of cultural relics
Authors: Liu Zhouzhou , Zhang Yangmei , Peng Han
Published: August 2023

The environmental monitoring of cultural relics based on wireless sensor networks in museums demands for the transmission and processing of massive data, which in turn leads to problems, such as heavy network traffic, high time delay, and unbalanced node energy consumption. To solve these problems, an energy balanced routing protocol which can minimise the network energy consumption is proposed. The improved swarm intelligence optimisation algorithm which combined particle swarm optimisation with ant colony optimisation is adopted to construct an environmental monitoring system for cultural relics preservation. Simulation results show that the decrease of the path length for data transmission under the proposed algorithm is 2.5% higher than that of other classical algorithms, indicating that the proposed algorithm can effectively reduce the length of network path and improve the transmission performance of network system. In view of optimisation rounds and simulation time, the energy consumption of the network system under our algorithm is 57.5% less compared with other classical algorithms, and the average residual energy variance is 57.1% less. The cultural relics environmental monitoring system based on the proposed routing protocol has better network load balancing performance.
Rocky sub-Neptunes formed by pebble accretion: Rain of rock from polluted envelopes
Authors: Vazan Allona , Ormel Chris W.
Published: August 2023

Sub-Neptune planets formed in the protoplanetary disk accreted hydrogen-helium (H,He) envelopes. Planet formation models of sub-Neptunes formed by pebble accretion result in small rocky cores surrounded by polluted H,He envelopes, where most of the rock (silicate) is in vapor form at the end of the formation phase. This vapor is expected to condense and rain out as the planet cools. In this Letter, we examine the timescale for the rainout and its effect on the thermal evolution. We calculate the thermal and structural evolution of a 10 M⊕ planet formed by pebble accretion, taking into account material redistribution from silicate rainout (condensation and settling) and from convective mixing. We find that the duration of the rainout in sub-Neptunes is on an ∼Gyr timescale and varies with envelope mass: planets with envelopes below ∼0.75 M⊕ rain out into a core-envelope structure in less than 1 Gyr, while planets in excess of 0.75 M⊕ of H,He preserve some of their envelope pollution for billions of years. The energy released by the rainout inflates the radius with respect to planets that start out from a plain core-envelope structure. This inflation would result in estimates of the H,He contents of observed exoplanets based on the standard core-envelope structure to be too high. We identify a number of planets in the exoplanet census where rainout processes may be at work, plausibly resulting in their H,He contents to be overestimated by up to a factor two. Future accurate age measurements by the PLATO mission may allow for the identification of planets formed with polluted envelopes.
Detection of ethynylbenzene in TMC-1 and the interstellar search for 1,2-diethynylbenzene
Authors: Loru Donatella , Cabezas Carlos , Cernicharo José , Schnell Melanie , Steber Amanda L.
Published: August 2023

Aims. We investigate the outcome of an electrical discharge of naphthalene and search for the resulting products in the Taurus Molecular Cloud (TMC-1).

Methods. Using chirped pulse Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy paired with an electric discharge source, we investigated products resulting from the naphthalene discharge. Quantum chemical calculations were used to help assign species and investigate potential reaction pathways relevant to the interstellar medium. These products were searched for in TMC-1 using the QUIJOTE line survey, covering 31.0-50.3 GHz.

Results. We confirm the detection of ethynylbenzene in TMC-1, and we also present a new molecular species, 1,2-diethynylbenzene, which could play an important role in the formation of naphthalene. Over ten products have been identified as resulting from the discharge, with only one of these species found in a previous IR-UV discharge study of naphthalene.

Conclusions. Ethynylbenzene has definitively been detected in TMC-1, and while we have identified a potentially important species for the formation of naphthalene and an exothermic reaction pathway, there is no current indication of its presence in TMC-1.
A constant N2H+ (1-0)-to-HCN (1-0) ratio on kiloparsec scales
Authors: Jiménez-Donaire M. J. , Usero A. , Bešlić I. , Tafalla M. , Chacón-Tanarro A. , Salomé Q. , Eibensteiner C. , García-Rodríguez A. , Hacar A. , Barnes A. T. , Bigiel F. , Chevance M. , Colombo D. , Dale D. A. , Davis T. A. , Glover S. C. O. , Kauffmann J. , Klessen R. S. , Leroy A. K. , Neumann L. , Pan H. , Pety J. , Querejeta M. , Saito T. , Schinnerer E. , Stuber S. , Williams T. G.
Published: August 2023

Nitrogen hydrides such as NH3 and N2H+ are widely used by Galactic observers to trace the cold dense regions of the interstellar medium. In external galaxies, because of limited sensitivity, HCN has become the most common tracer of dense gas over large parts of galaxies. We provide the first systematic measurements of N2H+ (1-0) across different environments of an external spiral galaxy, NGC 6946. We find a strong correlation (r > 0.98, p < 0.01) between the HCN (1-0) and N2H+ (1-0) intensities across the inner ∼8 kpc of the galaxy, at kiloparsec scales. This correlation is equally strong between the ratios N2H+ (1-0)/CO (1-0) and HCN (1-0)/CO (1-0), tracers of dense gas fractions (fdense). We measure an average intensity ratio of N2H+ (1-0)/HCN (1-0) = 0.15 ± 0.02 over our set of five IRAM-30m pointings. These trends are further supported by existing measurements for Galactic and extragalactic sources. This narrow distribution in the average ratio suggests that the observed systematic trends found in kiloparsec-scale extragalactic studies of fdense and the efficiency of dense gas (SFEdense) would not change if we employed N2H+ (1-0) as a more direct tracer of dense gas. At kiloparsec scales our results indicate that the HCN (1-0) emission can be used to predict the expected N2H+ (1-0) over those regions. Our results suggest that, even if HCN (1-0) and N2H+ (1-0) trace different density regimes within molecular clouds, subcloud differences average out at kiloparsec scales, yielding the two tracers proportional to each other.
Labeling of Highly Reactive Tetrazines using [18F]SuFEx
Authors: Battisti Umberto M. , Müller Marius , Herth Matthias Manfred , García-Vázquez Rocío
Published: August 2023

Pretargeted imaging is an emerging technique to study the in vivo biodistribution of nanomedicines. Currently, the tetrazine ligation is considered the most promising bioorthogonal reaction for pretargeting. Recently, Zheng et al. described an ultrafast late-stage radiolabeling of tetrazines based on sulfur 18F-fluoride exchange click chemistry ([18F]SuFEx). However, bispyridyl and H-tetrazines—the most promising structures for in vivo pretargeted applications—cannot be labeled using the proposed reaction conditions as they lead to decomposition of the tetrazine core. Here, we report improved conditions, exploiting basic preconditioning conditions for the quaternary methyl ammonium (QMA) cartridge and the use of low basic anions that allow 18F-labeling of bispyridyl and H-tetrazines using SuFEx. This strategy resulted in fast and efficient radiolabeling of highly reactive tetrazines with radiochemical conversions of up to 85% and radiochemical purity above 95%. This opens up the possibility to use SuFEx to 18F-label tetrazines, which are suitable for in vivo pretargeted imaging.
Changing Spectrum of Invasive Fungal Infections of the Anterior Skull Base
Authors: Bhuskute Govind Shripad , Keshri Amit Kumar , Seduchidambaram Malathy , Dubey Abhishek , Hameed Nazrin , Chidambaram Kalyan , Muraleedharan Manjul , Das Kuntal Kanti , Mehrotra Anant , Srivastava Arun , Jaiswal Awadesh , Kumar Raj , Manogaran Ravi Sankar
Published: August 2023

Objective To study the etiological and anatomical factors in pathophysiology of invasive fungal rhinosinusitis affecting the skull base.

Design Retrospective clinical study over 5 years.

Setting Single-center tertiary referral hospital.

Materials and Methods All cases of invasive fungal rhinosinusitis with clinicoradiological and/or operative evidence of anterior and central skull base, orbit, and orbital apex involvement with or without intracranial disease were included in the study. Patients with a sinonasal-palatal disease without the involvement of the skull base or orbit were excluded from the study. In addition, we assessed the risk factors such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection, diabetes mellitus (DM), and other immunocompromised conditions.

Results There were 79 patients, of which 65.8% had skull base rhino-oribitocerebral mucormycosis (ROCM), and 34.2% had Aspergillus infection. The mean duration from onset of the symptom to presentation of ROCM was 36.75 ± 20.97 days, while for the Aspergillus group was 21 weeks. The majority of patients (66%) with ROCM presented after 30 days of symptom onset. Among ROCM patients, 88.7% had a history of COVID-19 infection, and 96% had DM. In 40.8% of patients with Aspergillus infection, the tissue diagnosis was unavailable, and galactomannan assay and clinicoradiological assessment were used for diagnosis. The most common area of the skull base involved was the pterygopalatine fossa (88.5%), followed by the infratemporal fossa (73.1%). The most common neurovascular structure (75%) involved was the pterygopalatine ganglion and the infraorbital nerve.

Conclusion With the increasing incidence of invasive fungal infections worldwide, particularly after the COVID-19 pandemic, it is crucial to understand the evolving nature of this disease. ROCM, documented in the literature to cause fulminant disease, became a chronic illness, possibly due to the improvement of the patient's immunity during the disease course.
An Improved Synthetic Process of Two Key Intermediates and Their Application in the Synthesis of Lifitegrast
Authors: Jiang Gang-Long , Wang Xin-Kun , Xiao Xiao-Fei , Liu Yu
Published: August 2023

Benzofuran-6-carboxylic acid 2 and 2-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-5,7-dichloro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-6-carboxylic acid 21 are two key intermediates for the synthesis of lifitegrast (1). The present study aimed to obtain lifitegrast from the key intermediates of 2 and 5,7-dichloro-2-(2,2,2-trifluoroacetyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-6-carboxylic acid (31), which had the same core structure as 21. In this study, the synthetic routes of 2 and 31 were explored. 2 and 31 were synthesized from 4-bromo-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde (25) and 2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethan-1-amine (28), with the yields of 78 and 80%, respectively. The route avoided the harsh reaction conditions of generating 2 in a previous study and could more efficiently achieve the core structure of 5,7-dichloro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-6-carboxylic acid. Besides, the hydrolysis reaction conditions of preparing lifitegrast were also optimized. In this work, lifitegrast was obtained from 2 and 31 with high purity (>99.9%) and an overall yield of 79%, which was higher than the reported yield of 66%.
Pediatric Interventional Neuroradiology
Authors: Requejo Flavio , Teplisky Dario , Dutra María Laura González , Mouratian Diana Mariela , Kikano Raghid , Nguyen Thanh N. , Abdalkader Mohamad
Published: August 2023

Pediatric neurovascular disorders can lead to substantial mortality and morbidity if not diagnosed early and adequately managed. Children with neurovascular diseases cannot be treated as small adults as the vascular and central nervous system anatomy, physiology, and pathologies in children differ greatly from those of adults. In addition, some neurovascular pathologies are seen exclusively in children such as aneurysmal malformation of the vein of Galen, pial fistulas, and dural fistulas in the context of dural sinus disease. In this review, we aim to present an overview of the common pediatric neurovascular diseases along with their endovascular management.
Cleft Lip Repair Under Local Anaesthesia in Older Children and Adults
Authors: Khazanchi Rakesh Kumar , Saha S. S. , Dhawan I. K.
Published: August 2023

Our experience with repair of cleft lip under local anaesthesia in 16 patients has been reported. The method is safe and does not compromise the quality of repair. It is economical for both the patient and the hospital and saves precious hospital beds for other needy patients.
Post Burn Flexion Contractures of the Hand Considerations in Management
Authors: Sawhney C. P.
Published: August 2023

Proper initial treatment of flexion contractures is simple but neglect produces crippling deformities. The author over the years has followed an approach which comprises of complete release of contracture, its coverage by intermediate thickness split skin graft, use of Plaster of Paris splint, static and dynamic splints which prevent recurrence and encourage movements. Thus it was possible to restore full function to almost all hands treated at our hospital.
Inguinal Vasoplasty
Authors: Tiwari I. N. , Sandhir R. K. , Sabharwal V. , Saxena A. , Seth H. D. P. , Chopra M. S.
Published: August 2023

The present paper is based on a study of eighty-two cases of vasoplasty done through an inguinal approach. In all the cases, 3/0 prolene splint was used. An end-to-end anastomosis, using 6/0 prolene suture provides and accurate repair. This is a simple method and ensures a high success rate. In 71.3% cases semen became positive for sperms. Conception rate was 56% in our series. The authors prefer this approach because of easy mobilisation of vas, gain in length of vas by about 1.5 cm. after division of internal oblique muscle and inferior epigastric artery. There is less chance of infection by this approach and technique.
Lateral Congenital Sinus of the Upper Lip
Authors: Raibagkar Santosh , Vyas U. H.
Published: August 2023

A case of congenital lateral lip sinus has been presented because of its rarity. Literature and aetiology have been briefly reviewed.
The Parascapular Fasciocutaneous Flap
Authors: Bhagia S. P. , Kumar Pramod , Chandra Ramesh , Bhatnagar S. K.
Published: August 2023

The parascapular fascio-cutaneous flap was used in seven cases of axillary contractures and in four cases of above elbow amputation stump as a procedure of choice with good results. Recurrence of axillary contracture was seen in none of them. Our results and review of literature is being presented on the subject.
Electric Burn of the Precordial Region
Authors: Chandra R. , Kumar Pramod
Published: August 2023

A case of high tension electrical burn in a young adult male who besides other injuries had full thickness loss of the chest wall in the region of the precordium (2” x 2”) through which the pulsating heart could be seen was brought for treatment to the Postgraduate Department of Plastic Surgery at the King George's Medical College, Lucknow. He attracted the attention of all the patients admitted in the department because every body wanted to have a look at the pulsating heart. Attempts to improve his general condition and state of nutrition were made so that a definitive procedure of a flap cover for the precordial region could be provided. But before this could be done the defect got covered by granulation tissue and a simple skin graft was put in over that area. Now a protective jacket has been provided to him and he is carrying on well with his activities for that last 2 years.
Sub-Total Loss of Lower Lip
Authors: Patel Kiran M.
Published: August 2023

The full-thickness loss of lower lip may be due to chemical, electrical burns, cancrum oris, accidental injuries, maxillofacial injuries, gunshot wounds, after surgical excision and rarely due to animal bite. An uncommon cause of the loss of the lower lip due to human bite and its subsequent repair by full thickness lip advancement and check rotation flaps would be presented through this paper.
Bilateral Oblique Facial Cleft: A Case Report
Authors: Chandra R. , Kumar Pramod
Published: August 2023

A very rare case of bilateral oblique facial cleft in a 20 years old male is being reported. He had a very unusual combination of Type I & Type II oro-occular cleft.
Is partnership working? Complexities and barriers in the development of community safety practice in Wales
Authors: Rabaiotti Ella , Harrison Michael
Published: August 2023

Community safety in England and Wales underwent significant change a quarter of a century ago when community safety partnerships (CSPs) were introduced as part of the Crime and Disorder Act 1998. Measures to reduce or prevent anti-social behaviour and crime became the responsibility of not just the police but multiple public and third-sector organisations working in partnership. In Wales, additional complexity exists due to most CSP partners operating and working under both the UK, and Welsh Government remit. Findings from mixed-methods research into the training needs of community safety professionals in Wales revealed that support was needed in several areas of practice, including the practicing of meaningful ‘partnership’ working and problem solving. However, given the complex partnership landscape in Wales and lack of clarity around partnership governance, coupled with a seeming overreliance on the police and local government within community safety, the success of collaborative learning and development plans is limited.
Electroencephalography in consumer behaviour and marketing: a science mapping approach
Authors: Costa-Feito Aroa , González-Fernández Ana M. , Rodríguez-Santos Carmen , Cervantes-Blanco Miguel
Published: August 2023

Since its inception, the field of consumer neuroscience and neuromarketing has undergone significant development. The principal objective of this work is to identify current research and to define emerging topics in both consumer neuroscience and neuromarketing using electroencephalography (EEG) since no studies have thus far examined this issue. To this end, a bibliometric analysis was conducted with the Science Mapping Software tool SciMAT. In total, 497 articles published between 2002 and 2022 were examined. The analysis encompassed all research from brain regions, technologies, and marketing which can be applied for a better understanding of consumer behaviour. The main contribution of this work is the comprehensive and objective review of the topic, which highlights the potential interest in applying EEG to emerging technologies (e.g., augmented reality, mixed reality, or virtual reality), tourism marketing communications, healthy food products, consumer willingness-to-pay, service marketing, dynamic stimuli, and consumers’ emotions.
Effect of induced defects on conduction mechanisms of noble-gas-implanted ScN thin films
Authors: Burcea Razvan , Bouteiller Hugo , Hurand Simon , Eklund Per , Barbot Jean-François , le Febvrier Arnaud
Published: August 2023

Noble-gas implantation was used to introduce defects in n-type degenerate ScN thin films to tailor their transport properties. The electrical resistivity increased significantly with the damage levels created, while the electron mobility decreased regardless of the nature of the ion implanted and their doses. However, the transport property characterizations showed that two types of defects were formed during implantation, named point-like and complex-like defects depending on their temperature stability. The point-like defects changed the electrical conduction mode from metallic-like to semiconducting behavior. In the low temperature range, where both groups of defects were present, the dominant operative conduction mechanism was the variable range hopping conduction mode. Beyond a temperature of about 400 K, the point-like defects started to recover with an activation energy of 90 meV resulting in a decrease in resistivity, independent of the incident ion. The complex-like defects were, therefore, the only remaining group of defects after annealing above 700 K. These latter, thermally stable at least up to 750 K, introduced deep acceptor levels in the bandgap resulting in an increase in the electrical resistivity with higher carrier scattering while keeping the metallic-like behavior of the sample. The generation of both types of defects, as determined by resistivity measurements, appeared to occur through a similar mechanism within a single collision cascade.
Predicting chaotic statistics with unstable invariant tori
Authors: Parker Jeremy P. , Ashtari Omid , Schneider Tobias M.
Published: August 2023

It has recently been speculated that long-time average quantities of hyperchaotic dissipative systems may be approximated by weighted sums over unstable invariant tori embedded in the attractor, analogous to equivalent sums over periodic orbits, which are inspired by the rigorous periodic orbit theory and which have shown much promise in fluid dynamics. Using a new numerical method for converging unstable invariant two-tori in a chaotic partial differential equation (PDE), and exploiting symmetry breaking of relative periodic orbits to detect those tori, we identify many quasiperiodic, unstable, invariant two-torus solutions of a modified Kuramoto–Sivashinsky equation. The set of tori covers significant parts of the chaotic attractor and weighted averages of the properties of the tori—with weights computed based on their respective stability eigenvalues—approximate average quantities for the chaotic dynamics. These results are a step toward exploiting higher-dimensional invariant sets to describe general hyperchaotic systems, including dissipative spatiotemporally chaotic PDEs.
Growth of highly oriented crystalline gold nanoislands on MgO(001) substrates for surface-enhanced Raman scattering chips by pulsed laser deposition
Authors: Kurumi Satoshi , Sugawa Kosuke , Takase Kouichi , Darma Yudi , Sagara Takuya , Matsuda Ken-ichi , Suzuki Kaoru , Ong Bin Leong , Rusydi Andrivo
Published: August 2023

Highly oriented crystalline gold nanoislands (NIs) are self-assembled on MgO(001) substrates by pulsed laser deposition. Morphologies of the gold NIs are significantly dependent on the substrate temperature during gold deposition. Symmetrical-shaped NIs with Au(111) orientation are existence parallel to the MgO(001) substrate at low temperatures deposition (350 and 550 °C), while square-shaped and hexagonal-shaped gold NIs are co-existence whose crystallinity was Au(001) and Au(111), respectively. Extinction spectra of the gold NIs on MgO(001) substrates show that wide-range of photo-energy is disappeared. For a simple and useful plasmonic device, the produced gold NIs on MgO(001) substrates are applied to the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) chips. The SERS properties of the chips are evaluated using 4-MBA as a model analyte. From the SERS signal of a 4-MBA ring breathing mode, we obtain a significant enhancement factor over 107, which is approximately 10 times higher than that of a conventional SERS chip.
Suppressing laves phase and overcoming magnetic properties tradeoff in nanostructured (Ce,La,Y)–Fe–B alloys via Ge substitution
Authors: Zhou Bang , Li Wei , Wen Lin , Xu Chengyuan , Liao Xuefeng , Wei Jinbo , Pan Yu , Liu Xiaolian , Fu Song , Zhao Lizhong , Yu Hongya , Zhong Xichun , Zhang Xuefeng , Liu Zhongwu
Published: August 2023

Developing permanent magnets based on full high abundance rare-earth (RE) elements of Ce, La, and Y offers tremendous potential for the balanced utilization of RE resources, but the magnetic properties of these magnets are restricted due to the magnetic dilution caused by the existence of the paramagnetic REFe2 laves phase. Herein, the non-RE element Ge with high efficiency was introduced to enhance the magnetic performance of Ce-, La-, and Y-based RE–Fe–B nanocrystalline alloys, and the highest maximum energy product [(BH)max] of 65.6 kJ/m3 and an enhanced coercivity (Hcj) of 346 kA/m were achieved in the [(Ce0.8La0.2)0.5Y0.5]16Fe77.5B6Ge0.5 alloy. This improvement is attributed to the increased content of the hard magnetic RE2Fe14B phase with refined grain size, which is further confirmed by micromagnetic simulation. First-principles calculations and a microstructure analysis reveal that the laves phase is effectively suppressed by Ge addition due to the formation of the Ce5Ge3 phase with the lowest formation energy. This work clarifies the positive role of Ge in simultaneously enhancing the Hci and (BH)max of nanostructured (Ce,La,Y)–Fe–B alloys.
Reynolds-stress root modeling based on a statistical theory
Authors: Ariki Taketo , Ikeda Masanori
Published: August 2023

A new methodology of turbulence modeling is proposed by combining a statistical theory [T. Ariki, Phys. Fluids 31, 065104 (2019)] and the Reynolds-stress-root method [T. Ariki, Phys. Rev. E 92, 053010 (2015)], aiming at realizing practical turbulence model of wider applicability with the help of theoretical support. The resultant model integrates, at the same time, the following five features: coordinate covariance, realizability condition, near-wall behavior, history effect, and streamline curvature effect, which are all key ingredients to build up better turbulence model mimicking realistic behaviors. Numerical assessments of the model are conducted for homogeneous shear flow, channel flow, flow in a rotating pipe, and flow between concentric annuli, all of which show reasonable agreement with direct numerical simulations and experiments.
Hyper Rayleigh scattering from DNA nucleotides in aqueous solution
Authors: Jonin Christian , Dereniowski Maksymilian , Salmon Estelle , Gergely Csilla , Matczyszyn Katarzyna , Brevet Pierre-François
Published: August 2023

Nucleotides are organic compounds consisting of a phosphate group, a nitrogenous base, namely adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), or guanine (G), and a sugar, here deoxyribose. The magnitude of the first hyperpolarizability β of these four DNA nucleotides was determined in aqueous solution with the nonlinear optical technique of hyper rayleigh scattering under non resonant conditions at a fundamental wavelength of 800 nm. The smallest value is found to be 1.67 ± 0.15 × 10−30 esu for thymidine-5′-monophosphate and the highest is 1.76 ± 0.16 × 10−30 esu for 2′-guanosine-5′-monophosphate. Polarization resolved studies were also performed to question the symmetry of the first hyperpolarizability tensor and access the ratio of some elements of the first hyperpolarizability tensor. These experimental results were then compared to the theoretical values of these first hyperpolarizabilities obtained with the density functional theory at the level of the PCM-B3LYP/6-31G+(d) basis and taking into account the solvent.
Effects of a GaN cap layer on admittance characteristics of AlGaN/GaN MIS structures
Authors: Nishiguchi Kenya , Nakata Ken , Nishiguchi Norihiko , Hashizume Tamotsu
Published: August 2023

GaN caps are commonly used to reduce sheet charge modulation induced by AlGaN/GaN surface potential. However, the details on how GaN caps affect C–V and G–V characteristics are still unclear. In this paper, we report a difference between these characteristics with and without GaN caps, and we discovered a mechanism in which GaN caps act as quantum wells to affect the charging and discharging of interface states. Finally, we developed a numerical model to simulate admittance characteristics of AlGaN/GaN MIS structures with a GaN cap in high accuracy.