bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El trabajo de los organismos electorales frente a los “servidores de la nación” en las elecciones de 2021 en México
Authors: Faustino Torres Antonio
Published: January 2024

Este artículo analiza el trabajo de los organismos electorales frente a los Servidores de la Nación, quienes han sido acusados de intervenir en las elecciones para beneficiar al partido en el gobierno en México. A través de solicitudes de información pública ante las autoridades electorales, se busca constatar dicha intromisión en los comicios federales de 2021. Como hallazgos identificamos la falta de precisión y sistematización de denuncias de irregularidades y la dificultad para identificar fenómenos de condicionamiento de programas y recursos públicos.
Conceptualización jurídica y retos legales del metaverso a la luz del derecho comparado
Authors: Ríos Ruiz Alma De los Ángeles
Published: January 2024

El metaverso ha demostrado ser capaz de transformar la interacción a través de internet, presentando un universo paralelo en el que es posible una sociedad virtual en la que los usuarios lleven a cabo transacciones comerciales, acciones de ocio, culturales, laborales, académicas, etc., como si se tratase del mundo real, pero existe un vacío legal de esas actividades, por lo que se parte de la interrogante ¿Qué implicaciones jurídicas tiene el desarrollo y uso del metaverso como un espacio virtual que fusiona la realidad física con la virtualidad digital y qué criterios se pueden aplicar para armonizar las distintas legislaciones nacionales e internacionales que regulan este fenómeno? Lo anterior considerando que el metaverso es un concepto que cada vez cobra más fuerza en el ámbito tecnológico, social, económico y jurídico y plantea diversos desafíos legales. Por ello, mediante un método documental se formulan recomendaciones para armonizar las normas jurídicas aplicables y garantizar su eficacia y coherencia.
Subjetividad experiencial y creativa como pauta para la redacción en la investigación jurídica
Authors: Ordóñez Joaquín
Published: January 2024

En general, en toda investigación se pueden distinguir tres partes: a) su proyección a través de un protocolo; b) la realización propiamente de la investigación; y c) la presentación por escrito de los resultados y conclusiones obtenidos.
Samsara y Nirvana en el Siddhartha de Hermann Hesse
Authors: García-Brito Abril
Published: January 2024

El trabajo busca analizar la obra Siddhartha de Hermann Hesse desde la perspectiva simbólica del Círculo Eranos. El examen parte de tres estrategias: en primer lugar, confrontar la perspectiva del Siddhartha histórico con la del Siddhartha literario de Hesse, en segundo momento, presentar el ambiente filosófico de la obra, el cual parte de un contexto meramente budista y en el que se analizan dos nociones imprescindibles: el samsara y el nirvana. Por último, realizar un análisis de la piedra y el río como símbolos del samsara y el nirvana budista.
Representación literaria de la marginalidad, el encierro y la condición humana en Los motivos de Caín y El apando de José Revueltas
Authors: Esquivel-Colín Maricarmen
Published: January 2024

A partir de la noción ‘impiadosa humanidad’ que José Revueltas despliega en El apando en el presente artículo se establecen conexiones entre algunos personajes literarios que viven encerrados, ya en la cárcel o en  cualquier otra especie de prisión; Polonio, Albino, el Carajo, el sargento Jack Mendoza y Meursault tienen encomún vivir doblemente encarcelados puesto que no pueden salir de sí mismos aun estando en prisión. Desde el examen de la marginalidad en la que los personajes existen, el lector puede reflexionar también sobre sus apandos personales.
Poesía y verdad. A propósito de la autobiografía de Goethe
Authors: Garrigós-Rojas Alejandro
Published: January 2024

Se reúnen y glosan algunas aproximaciones que han hecho los principales expertos de la autobiografía de Goethe, con respecto de algunos aspectos nodales de la vida y obra del autor alemán. Se establece una aproximación a la autofiguración que hace Goethe de sí mismo a partir de la tensión entre los conceptos de ‘literatura’ y ‘verdad’, figurados ya en el título de su obra.
Ciudades de México: un análisis de convergencia de precios (enero 2010-octubre 2021)
Authors: Gómez Aguirre Mario
Published: January 2024

En este artículo se estudia la convergencia de precios de 34 ciudades de México. Para ello, se aplican pruebas de raíz unitaria univariable, pruebas de raíz unitaria de datos panel (primera generación), la desarrollada por Karavias and Tzavalis (2014) y la prueba de convergencia propuesta por Phillips y Sul (2007, 2009). Los resultados indican que 15 de 34 ciudades no refutan la paridad relativa intranacional con pruebas univariables e incorporando dos cambios estructurales. Para el caso de las pruebas con datos panel sin y con cambio estructural, los resultados validan también la paridad de precios relativa intranacional. En este mismo sentido, los resultados de la prueba de convergencia lo confirman y muestran la existencia de un sólo club de convergencia. Lo anterior implica que las ciudades están integradas, con unos precios que están fuertemente relacionados y con una tasa de convergencia de precios muy rápida en el largo plazo.
Eugenesia e Higienismo en la Educación en México en las décadas de 1920-1940
Authors: Martínez Amador Edna
Published: January 2024

Durante el siglo XX surgieron cambios estructurales dentro de la sociedad con la finalidad de regenerar a todas aquellas personas consideradas dañadas tanto fenotípicamente como genotípicamente; entre estas medidas no oficiales, las teorías de la eugenesia y el higienismo cobraron fuerza a partir de la posguerra, ya que, el retorno a la moralidad social y la utopía de crear una raza nacional se hicieron cada vez más latentes en el deseo de las clases dominantes; la educación formal e informal jugaron un papel relevante en la propagación de estos ideales, puesto que, es la base de la transmisión de valores, además, en la segunda y tercera década del siglo XX, se introdujo la educación sexual en la enseñanza básica con la finalidad de instruir a la colectividad en temas de sana procreación y buena educación sexual reproductiva, para evitar así la propagación de enfermedades; e implícitamente aleccionar la importancia de mantener una homogeneidad racial; así como también la enseñanza del buen matrimonio. También se procura atender la aplicación de la eugenesia y el higienismo dentro de la población indígena, y como el ideal de crear una sociedad homogeneizada se estancó con la diversidad multirracial de México. Tomando como referencia las teorías ya mencionadas, este texto pretende hacer una revisión de dichos supuestos y como estas apoyaron la creación de medidas sociales implantadas dentro de la educación; así como también, mostrar los antecedentes que subyacen al racismo y las diversas políticas de heteronormatividad social que se han dado a lo largo de la historia en México. La teoría que soporta esta investigación es Historia de la Educación según Virginia Guichot Reina, debido a que la autora maneja la importancia de la infancia, la mujer, los nacionalismos y localismos, minorías étnicas y culturales, mentalidades e higiene; temas relevantes para esta investigación.
El cuento como estímulo de los precursores cognitivos de la lectura en niños del sector rural
Authors: Morales-Paucar Carla Patricia , Marcatoma-Daquilema Amparito Rocío , De la Torre-Cachiguango Martha Lucía
Published: January 2024

Antes de que el niño se convierta en un lector experto, primero debe observar y escuchar. La presente investigación empleó el cuento como estrategia de estimulación a los precursores cognitivos de la lectura como atención y memoria, tanto visual como auditiva; tomando en cuenta las circunstancias adversas por las que atraviesa la educación del sector rural en estos duros tiempos de pandemia. El trabajo tuvo como objetivo principal, describir el estímulo de los precursores cognitivos de la lectura en niños de 4 a 6 años de edad del sector rural, empleando el cuento para activar el proceso lector. La investigación posee un enfoque cuali-cuantitativo, pues se busca la comprensión del objeto de estudio, a través de la recolección y análisis de datos descriptivos y estadísticos; por la finalidad es aplicada, ya que se implementó el curso virtual “CogniCuentos” en la plataforma Moodle de la Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas - ESPE. Asimismo, como instrumento de investigación se empleó la entrevista semiestructurada dirigida a 35 padres de familia y la base de datos obtenida de la plataforma. La población inicial fue de 77 participantes, dado los criterios de selección se matriculó a 61 niños, y se trabajó con 35 participantes que sí culminaron el curso. En cuanto a los resultados, se presenta mayor estímulo a los procesos cognitivos de atención y memoria visual, debido a la interacción de los participantes en las actividades, al igual que varía las visualizaciones de los cuentos entre ambas semanas por las características individuales, también se evidenció que los participantes de 6 años culminaron el curso dentro de los días establecidos; finalmente se concluye que, efectivamente el cuento constituye una estrategia de estimulación para los precursores cognitivos de la lectura que aportan con las bases necesarias para activar el proceso lector de los niños.
REX SHUNT IN CHILDREN: COULD DYSFUNCTION BE PROGNOSED? A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS
Authors: Godik Oleg , Diehtiarova Daria
Published: January 2024

The aim: To analyze retrospectively our experience of Rex shunt in children with symptomatic portal hypertension, its effect on hypersplenism regression and varices eradication, assess shunt survival and investigate risk factors, that could lead to shunt dysfunction and thrombosis.
Materials and methods: 24 children (16 males, 8 females) ,with portal hypertension included into the study. All surgeries were performed within single center in a period from January 2010 to March 2022. Follow up period was 6.75±1.19 years.
Results: Age at diagnosis was 5.39±0.64 years. 5 (20.8%) had umbilical catheter in anamnesis. 16 (66.7%) manifested bleeding episodes as the first sign of portal hypertension. 9 (37.5%) of children manifested severe hypersplenism. Age at Rex shunting was 7.5±0.7 years. In 7 (31.8%) cases Rex shunt thrombosis occurred. 1 successful thrombectomy and 6 splenorenal shunting were performed. Kaplan-Meyer analysis showed Rex shunt survival 0.670 (95%CI 0.420-0.831). Logistic regression model indicated thrombocytes count (p=0.0423) and cytopenia (p=0.0272) as factors that could influence shunt thrombosis. Follow-up group included 18 patients. Spleen volume regression became significant by 1 p/o year p<0,05, thrombocytes significant increasement reached in 1 p/o months (p<0.01), varices involution was achieved by 1 p/o year (p<0,001).
Conclusions: Rex shunt effectiveness in study group was 70.9%., shunt survival assessed 0.670 (95%CI 0.420-0.831). Rex shunt was effective in bleeding prophylaxis in all patients of follow up group. Preoperative thrombocytes count (p=0.0423) and cytopenia (p=0.0272) were detected as factors that could influence shunt thrombosis, that is to be considered in RS preoperative period and require following studies.
PERBEDAAN HASIL BELAJAR MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA VIDEO DENGAN MEDIA GAMBAR MATA PELAJARAN IPAS PADA KURIKULUM MERDEKA MATERI KENAMPAKAN ALAM KELAS IV SDN 1 BESUKI 2 KABUPATEN SITUBONDO TAHUN 2023
Authors: Eko Yulianto Dodik , Ferawati Veni
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan hasil belajar menggunakan media video dengan media gambar mata pelajaran IPAS materi kenampakan alam kelas IVA dan Kelas IVB SDN 1 Besuki sebagai kelas kontrol. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi eksperimen. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah 32 siswa dari kelas eksperimen yang menggunakan media video dan 32 siswa sebagai kelas kontrol yang menggunakan media gambar. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode observasi, tes, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Pengujian persyaratan analisis menggunakan uji normalitas, uji homogenitas,uji hipotesis. Hasil analalisi data uji normalitas dari kelas eksperimen rata-rata 83,3, standar deviasi 15,13, Lhitung 0,134 dan Ltabel 0,173 maka berdistribusi normal, sedangkan hasil uji normlitas di kelas kontrol rata-rata 60,8, standar devisi 11,67, Lhitung 0,123 Ltabel 0,190 maka berdistribusi normal. Hasil dar uji homogenitas di kelas A SDN 1 Besuki  dan Kelas BSDN 1 Besuki adalah Mean untuk kelas eksperimen 83,3 dan kontrol 60,8, standar deviasi kelas eksperimen 15,1 dan kontrol 11,7 Varians di kelas eksperimen 229,06 dan kelas kontrol 136,23, Fhitung 1,68 dan Ftabel 1,97 disimpulkan bahwa Ftabel>Fhitung maka Homogen. Perolehan untuk uji hipotesis (Uji T) yaitu Thitung 6,22 dan Ttabel 1,97 maka Ho ditolak Ha diterima karena Thitung>Ttabel yang artinya terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan hasil belajar IPAS antara siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran menggunakan media video dengan hasil belajar siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran menggunakan media gambar.
TRADITIONS, PROBLEMS AND RESULTS OF ASSESSMENT OF NATIONAL WEALTH IN THE MODERN PERIOD
Authors:   Sumgait State University, Azerbaijan, Sumgait, Republic of Azerbaijan, Mamedova Shafiga Safar kyzy
Published: January 2024

Since national wealth is the sum of all the country’s assets that enable the production of goods, provide services and people’s lives, as well as being the basis and result of the sustainable economic development of every state, as the most general integral indicator of the country’s entire economic potential and condition, the nation’s well-being, economic also characterizes the main factors of growth. In addition to the nature of national wealth, the article describes its structure and components, which are the basis of its correct assessment. Brief characteristics of modern national wealth assessment methods, their strengths and weaknesses are considered. In the context of National Accounts System SNA-2008 and the World Bank’s concepts of national wealth, the traditions of evaluating national wealth in the modern era, the issues of global wealth evaluation of the countries of the world are investigated. The article also summarizes the problems related to the assessment of national wealth and presents them with the results.
ACTUAL ISSUES OF ARCTIC COMMUNICATIONS DURING COAL TRANSPORTATION IN THE CURRENT GEOPOLITICAL SITUATION
Authors:   Luzin Institute for Economic Studies – Subdivision of the Federal Research Centre «Kola Science Centre» of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Apatity, Russia, Saveliev Anton N.
Published: January 2024

The article is devoted to the study of options for the development of railway infrastructure that increase spatial connectivity and transport accessibility in the western part of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. The state of well-known projects is analyzed and forecasts of their possible implementation are made, taking into account the current geopolitical situation. The development of railway infrastructure is closely linked to the development of the infrastructure of seaports for the organization of transportation, including coal, which is the basis of the cargo base in the regions under consideration. The contribution of the transport industry to the sectoral structure of gross value added of the Murmansk and Arkhangelsk Regions, the Nenets Autonomous Okrug is analyzed, conclusions are drawn about a possible change in the contribution of transport to the economy of the regions during the implementation of railway and port infrastructure projects.
Inclusive Growth and Sustainable Development: - In Context of Higher Education in India
Authors: - SUNITA KUMARI , - RENU SHARMA
Published: January 2024

Education is now seen to be the primary tool for inclusive growth of a country. Because it develops the skills, talents, and knowledge which is necessary for social growth, higher education is vital to society as a supply of skilled human resources and help in sustainable development because higher education enhance the abilities, positive mindset and favorable attitude towards sustainable development. Higher education is a strong instrument for expanding access to highly paid and skilled occupations is higher education, which also contributes to inclusive growth and sustainable development of a nation.
Education plays a crucial part in ensuring sustained inclusive growth. The advancement of education is a highway to achieve inclusive growth. The notion of inclusive growth is wide and encompasses both major and small sectors. It encompasses all societal segments, including those who live below the poverty line and several marginalized groups. The goal of inclusive growth is to promote the nation's sustainable development by incorporating all regions and demographics equally and without discrimination.
To attain the aim of inclusive growth and sustainable development, education is required at every level of society. The purpose of this research study is to examine how higher education contributes to inclusive growth. This paper is based upon secondary data which is collected from different different online sites and government reports. The highlights of this paper are expansion of higher education in India, new initiative towards inclusive growth and higher education enrollment. Ensuring that males and females have equal access to higher education options is the primary objective. The expansion of every societal segment in the nation is a challenge to the Indian government. The ideal strategy for sustained inclusive growth is to use higher education to assist individuals improves their potential and skills
Ayurvedic Management of Unexplained Secondary Infertility – a Case Study
Authors: - Diksha , - Vaishali Parmar , - Shilpa B Donga
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Secondary infertility indicates previous pregnancy but failure to conceive subsequently. Incidences of secondary infertility are increasing day by day. Many factors like age, hectic schedule, stress, diet, unhealthy lifestyle are responsible for it. Psychological stress disturbs overall health of women by inducing generation of reactive oxygen species and thereby oxidative stress. This oxidative stress may hamper the health of ovaries, oocyte quality and causes female reproductive health disorders. Aim: To study the effect of Ayurvedic treatment in management of unexplained secondary infertility. Objective: To assess the effect of Ayurvedic management of unexplained secondary infertility. Methodology: Single case study of unexplained secondary infertility. Case description: A 37 years old female patient came in ITRA OPD of Streeroga and Prasutitantra, trying to conceive since 1.5 years. She had a history of 2 MTPs and 1 female child of 10 year. Her last MTP was done in 2020. After that she was actively trying to conceive around last 1.5 years but couldn’t conceive again inspite of regular unprotected coitus. Treatment: She was treated with Ayurvedic oral medications along with Panchakarma. Result: After four months of treatment she conceived and followed Garbhini Paricharya. Conclusion: Ayurvedic management can act as an anti-stress and antioxidant agent thereby improving the reproductive health of women and increasing their chances of conception.
An Analysis of the Dwindling Seriousness in Perceiving and Listening to Bollywood Music: from Blockbuster to Lackluster
Authors: - Nestor Norris
Published: January 2024

Music in Indian era ranging from 70s to 90s previously was perceived as a medium that
united our diversified Indian society using Bollywood as ‘projected motion pictures medium established in a commercial theatrical setting’, however with passing ages, the art form has not been credited enough in influencing and mending habitual realities as an equipollent
democratic medium of social interaction, recreation, and evolution. While India and Indians have respected and celebrated all genres of music since ages dating back from being musical maestro gems in the Mughal durbars to making music from movies as Mother India (1957) ever-perennial milestones in Indian music industry. The spread of music in between the 20 and 21 centuries shared a parallel realm of pragmatism altering the seriousness with which music was created and listened to in the past and the concerning western music streaming influence that it is consumed in currently.
Drive Formula for Sars Length of Wire Hanging Between Two Electric Poles and Some Applications
Authors: - Sagar Sars Maithil
Published: January 2024

Base on sars length of wire hanging between two electric poles makes angles θ & ∝ with horizontal. Drive the formula for sars length of wire makes angles with horizontal θ & ∝ where (θ > ∝).
Find the volume, Sars surface area,Total surface area of many kinds of Sars cuboid and Sars cube like as LL-Sars cuboid, UU-Sars cuboid, LU-Sars cuboid, LL-Sars cube, UU-Sars cube, LU-Sars cube . All kind of Sars cuboid and Sars cube used in optics instruments like as Sars lens, Sars mirror. When a ray of light incident on the Sars surface area then it is refracted or reflected depending on the sars surface area and angles θ&∝. Base on Sars length of wire used 170 applications and more. But in this paper some application are used.
To find the Sars length of wire hanging between two electric poles. If f(x) is a smooth curve on [a, b] and length of curve y=f(x) from a to b.
Air emission monitoring from waste incineration/coincineration installations using surrogate parameters
Authors: Rumenjak Damir
Published: January 2024

Industrial emission directive (Directive) gives the obligation of continuous monitoring of some emissions into air for the incineration/co-incineration of waste by direct measurement. Conclusions for best available techniques for waste incineration, equally applied on co-incineration, allow the use of surrogate parameters instead or in combination, if this proves to be equivalent or better scientific quality than direct emission measurement. Surrogate parameters are measurable or calculable quantities closely related, directly or indirectly, to conventional direct measurements of emissions. The accent is on models that by combining more surrogate parameters could model emissions as well as valuation of the results of such models according to the requirement of Directive. The application considered aims environmental permitting.
Face Bimagic Mean Labeling of Herschel Graphs and Its Operations
Authors: Vani Shree S. , Dhanalakshmi S.
Published: January 2024

A bijection ϕ: V(G)→{1,2, . . . , |V(G)|} is called a (1,0,0)-F-face bimagic mean labeling (FBMML) of G if the induced face labeling ϕ*(fi) = = = k1 or k2, constant. This work investigates the possibility of face bimagic mean labeling of a Herschel graph. Also, a study of face bimagic mean labeling during the process of fusion of vertices of degree 3 of a Herschel graph and the duplication of vertices by the edge of a Herschel graph is provided in this research paper.
Analysis of Adolescent Reproductive Health Risk Factors in Purwakarta Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Khotimah Khusnul
Published: January 2024

Adolescent reproductive health is an important issue in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze risk factors for adolescent reproductive health in Purwakarta Regency, Indonesia. This research used a cross-sectional survey method involving 400 teenagers aged 15-24 years. Data was collected through questionnaires. Data analysis used the Chi-square test. The research results show that risk factors for adolescent reproductive health in Purwakarta Regency include: Low adolescent knowledge about reproductive health (OR: 2.17; 95% CI: 1.45-3.24); Risky sexual behavior, such as having had premarital sexual relations (OR: 2.88; 95% CI: 1.99-4.19); Unsafe use of contraceptives, such as not using contraceptives at all (OR: 2.87; 95% CI: 1.99-4.19); Lack of adolescent access to reproductive health services (OR: 2.67; 95% CI: 1.87-3.83). The conclusion of this study shows that efforts need to be made to increase teenagers' knowledge about reproductive health, reduce risky sexual behavior, increase the use of safe contraceptives, and increase teenagers' access to reproductive health services.
Perencanaan Dan Perancangan Galeri Seni Budaya Ende Lio Dengan Pendekatan Arsitektur Neo Vernakuler
Authors: Mbuu Alfons
Published: January 2024

This research, with a planning location precisely in Kotaraja Village, North Ende District, Ende Regency,aims to create a place for performances, exhibitions, storage and preservation of typical Ende Lio culturalobjects as well as a place for educational information and tourist attractions for the people of Ende Regencyand the community. other areas. The design carried out for the Ende Lio cultural arts gallery uses a neovernacular architectural approach. This is so that it can answer the need for real expression of Ende Liocultural traditions in modern development. The results of this design are expected to be a means and facilityto follow the progress of arts and culture in a more focused manner so that you can enjoy the atmosphere ofdifferent performances and performances regarding arts, as a place for enjoyable recreation and increaseemployment opportunities.
Perancangan Kantor Dinas Pendidikan Pemuda Dan Olahraga Kabupaten Sikka Dengan Pendekatan Arsitektur Post-Moderen
Authors: Dede Petrus Jhon Alfred Depa
Published: January 2024

The building of youth education office and sport of Sikka District is currently located in the Nasiona l Housing complex on Jalan Mawar. This Kantor building has a simple building and only one floor. The area of the location is very small and there are minimal supporting facilities. In addition, this office is also locatedin a residential area with a fairly high density. Based on the author's initial observations and studies, it needs to be proposed to be relocated to a new place, namely on Eltari Street. The reason for choosing the location with consideration is that the location is the office area of the Sikka Regency Government. Thus, it can facilitate and optimize access to services and relationships between government offices. The planning and design of this office is expected to reflect the fusion and mixing of local architectural values with today's architecture. Therefore, the selection and approach used as a design concept is Post-Modern Architecture.This method in designing is carried out by analyzing the data by means of; 1). quantitative analysis, 2). qualitative analysis, and 3). comparative analysis. Data collection is carried out in the following ways; 1). literature study, 2). interviews, 3). observation. Post-Modern Architecture applied to the concept of designis; a). mcontaining elements of communication that are local or popular, b). urban context, c). metaphorical form, d). is eclectic, e). reflects general aspirations, and f). reapply the technique of ornamentation.
Relasi Antara Ritual Lobo Keda Dan Pola Permukiman Adat Di Desa Nggela Kabupaten Ende
Authors: Kerong Fabiola T. A. , Kurniawan DVX. Deddy , Toy Melky
Published: January 2024

The Lobo Keda ritual is an inauguration of Sao Keda (which is a meeting place) for Mosalaki, traditional leaders of the traditional settlement in Nggela Village. There are seventeen Mosalaki inhabiting 15 traditional houses who continuously maintain their unique indigenous culture. This primary study aims to look at a Lobo Keda ritual process by observing community behaviour and a relationship between Mosalaki and traditional settlement patterns. The research was conducted by qualitative descriptive research method. The results reveal data on how the Lobo Keda ritual and traditional settlement patterns in Ngela Village influences one another, as well as explain how other factors may be influencing such as history, beliefs, cosmology, orientation, sacred elements and social structure.
Relasi Antara Ritual Joka Ju Dan Pola Permukiman Adat Di Desa Nggela, Kabupaten Ende-Flores
Authors: Kerong Fabiola T. A. , Siso Silvester M. , Toy Melky
Published: January 2024

The traditional settlements in Nggela Village every year carry out the Joka Ju ritual or ritual of rejecting evil which involves the entire community. This ritual is carried out to ward off all bad luck and all forms of disease and is generally carried out after getting the harvest. This research will look at the process of this traditional ritual from the preparation process to the peak ritual, and the space in the traditional settlement pattern inhabited by traditional leaders (Mosalaki) of which there are 17 people in 15 traditional houses. The research method used is a qualitative method with a naturalistic approach. In this research, the relationship between the Joka Ju ritual and traditional settlement patterns in cosmology, traditional settlement boundaries, orientation and sacred zones/cultural spaces and beliefs can be seen.
Dynamic ultrasonography for optimizing treatment position in superior mesenteric artery syndrome: Two case reports and review of literature
Authors: Hasegawa Nobuaki , Oka Akihiko , Awoniyi Muyiwa , Yoshida Yuri , Tobita Hiroshi , Ishimura Norihisa , Ishihara Shunji
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome is a rare cause of duodenal obstruction by extrinsic compression between the SMA and the aorta (SMA-Ao). Although the left lateral recumbent position is considered effective in the treatment of SMA syndrome, individual variations in the optimal patient position have been noted. In this report, we present two elderly cases of SMA syndrome that exhibited rapid recovery due to ultrasonographic dynamic evaluation of the optimal position for each patient.

CASE SUMMARY

Case 1: A 90-year-old man with nausea and vomiting. Following diagnosis of SMA syndrome by computed tomography (CT), ultrasonography (US) revealed the SMA-Ao distance in the supine position (4 mm), which slightly improved in the lateral position (5.7–7.0 mm) without the passage of duodenal contents. However, in the sitting position, the SMA-Ao distance was increased to 15 mm accompanied by improved content passage. Additionally, US indicated enhanced passage upon abdominal massage on the right side. By day 2, the patient could eat comfortably with the optimal position and massage. Case 2: An 87-year-old woman with vomiting. After the diagnosis of SMA syndrome and aspiration pneumonia by CT, dynamic US confirmed the optimal position (SMA-Ao distance was improved to 7 mm in forward-bent position, whereas it remained at 5 mm in the supine position). By day 7 when her pneumonia recovered, she could eat with the optimal position.

CONCLUSION

The optimal position for SMA syndrome varies among individuals. Dynamic US appears to be a valuable tool in improving patient outcomes.
Can serum immunoglobulin G4 levels and age serve as reliable predictors of relapse in autoimmune pancreatitis?
Authors: Song Jun-Min , Sun Si-Yu
Published: January 2024

We are writing in response to the paper published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology by Zhou et al . The authors identified higher serum immunoglobulin (Ig) G4 levels and age over 55 years as independent risk factors for disease relapse. Despite notable strengths, it is crucial to address potential biases. Firstly, the cohort study included 189 patients with autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) type 1 (with higher IgG4 seropositivity and higher relapse) and 24 with type 2 (with lower IgG4 seropositivity and lower relapse). Consequently, most, if not all, AIP type 2 patients were assigned to the normal group, possibly inflating the association of higher serum IgG4 levels with relapse and potentially exaggerating the association of older age with relapse. Secondly, the authors did not provide sufficient details regarding AIP diagnosis, such as the ratio of definitive vs probable cases and the proportion of biopsies. In cases where histological evidence is unavailable or indeterminate, AIP type 2 may be misdiagnosed as definitive type 1, and type 1 may also be misdiagnosed as probable type 2, particularly in cases with normal or mildly elevated serum IgG4 levels. Lastly, in this retrospective study, approximately one-third of the consecutive patients initially collected were excluded for various reasons. Accordingly, the impact of non-random exclusion on relapse outcomes should be carefully considered. In conclusion, the paper by Zhou et al offers plausible, though not entirely compelling, evidence suggesting a predictive role of elevated serum IgG4 levels and advanced age in AIP relapse. The foundation for future investigations lies in ensuring a reliable diagnosis and accurate disease subtyping, heavily dependent on obtaining histological specimens. In this regard, endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy emerges as a pivotal component of the diagnostic process, contributing to mitigating biases in future explorations of the disease.
Study of Serum Calcium Levels in Premenopausal and Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Megha  Bhonde  Bagade, Akshay Berad, Angesh Bagade
Published: January 2024

Background

Menopause is the permanent cessation of menstruation seen in women between 40–61 years of age. Menopause is characterised by reduction in ovarian hormone production. Oestrogen deficiency and age related processes cause decrease in calcium levels in post menopausal women.

Aims and Objectives

To study serum calcium levels in premenopausal and post menopausal women.

Materials and Method

Cross sectional study was conducted. 35 pre menopausal and 30 post menopausal women were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Patients with medical history of major systemic diseases, women on hormone replacement therapy, and women who had surgical menopause were not included in the study. Serum calcium levels were estimated in both groups. For statistical analysis the value of laboratory parameters were presented as the Mean±SD (standard deviation). A Student's t-test was used for cross-sectional comparisons of continuous variables between the groups.

Results

Serum calcium levels were significantly lower in post menopausal women than in pre menopausal women.

Conclusion

Post menopausal women are calcium deficient.
Study of Overweight and Obesity and Associated Factors among Undergraduate Medical Students in North India
Authors: Vibha Gangwar, Anju Gahlot, S. K. Gahlot, Manish Kumar Verma
Published: January 2024

Background

Obesity negatively affects one's health or well-being. Due to rising prevalence of obesity and its adverse health effects it is being recognized as a serious public health concern. Medical students are very prone to obesity because of so much stress. Also junk food consumption is very common in medical student which is an important risk factor for obesity.

Aims and objectives

This study was undertaken to find out the prevalence of overweight and obesity its association with different risk factors in undergraduate medical students in a medical college of north India.

Material and method

The cross-sectional study was conducted on 128 undergraduate medical students. A detailed history was taken. Anthropometric measurements including weight, height, body mass index, waist-hip ratio and waist-height ratio were taken according to WHO criteria.

Result & Conclusion

The study showed high prevalence of overweight (30.2%) and obesity (3.9%). Obesity was significantly associated with non-vegetarian diet (p<0.01). Prevalence of overweight and obesity was highest in students with blood group B (12.4%) and least in blood group AB (0%). There was no significant association of obesity with junk food, family history and sleep duration (p >0.05). The importance of healthy eating habits and healthy life style needs to be emphasized. We created awareness for healthy living among medical students during the study.
Determination of Muscles of Head Acting in Whistling
Authors: S Nalini
Published: January 2024

Background

Whistling without using a whistle or fingers considered as a manly skill in our patriarchal society is taught as a means of testing for integrity of facial muscles and Facial nerve for UG students in I MBBS under clinical examination of VII cranial nerve. But this test has been mentioned only in a very few books of clinical examination. This fact raised the need for this study

Aims and Objectives

To determine percentage of population who can whistle, muscles of head involved in whistling & gender variation

Study Design

A descriptive, cross sectional study by convenient sampling method conducted among 200 UG MBBS students of age group 18–25 of GTMC.

Results

80% of participants were able to whistle; Whistling is not a manly skill. An element of social inhibition is there in women to whistle; 90.5% of subjects used muscles innervated by both Facial nerve and Hypoglossal nerves simultaneously.

Conclusion

There is subtle knowledge gap between clinicians and non-clinicians probably due to lack of need to update for the later which will become evident to students when they enter clinical side. Hence we, teachers too need to refer clinical subject text books and clinical examination manuals to accept, ignore and criticise as appropriate.
Assessment of Pulse Wave Velocity in Obese Adults using ECG and Finger Tip Photo Pulse Plethysmography
Authors: M. Jahnavi, Sharan. B. Singh M, Uma B.V., K.N. Maruthy
Published: January 2024

Introduction

The World Health Organization has recently defined obesity as a disease. Obesity is the result of imbalance between food intake and energy expenditure. Obese individuals with excess fat deposition in the abdominal region are at risk for CHD, hence this study was taken up to see if any association is there between obesity and PWV.

Aim

1. To measure the pulse wave velocity (PWV) in obese individuals.

2. To compare if there is any correlation between pulse pressure, PWV and BMI.

Material and Method

68 obese adults were included for the study, 45 males and 23 females. The study was started after getting clearance from IEC. Informed oral consent was obtained from the subjects. Height and weight of the subjects were recorded. All of them were in the age group of 27 to 62 years and had BMI > 30.

Resting blood pressure was recorded, then Lead II ECG was recorded along with left forefinger tip photo pulse for a period of 15 secs. Distance between the R wave and the foot of the finger pulse was measured in msec. The arm span was measured from the left lateral border of sternum to tip of left forefinger which was taken as distance(D) travelled by the pulse. Using V=? T/D, PWV was calculated.

Results

The mean BP in male and female was 106 ±9 & 94.7 ±4.4 mmHg respectively where as the PWV was 5.8 ± 0.7 mts/sec in male and 5 ± 0.5mts/sec in females which is in normal limits. Analysis of data was done by applying Pearson's Correlation and paired Student T test which revealed there was positive correlation between mean BP versus PWV r = 0.21 & BMI versus mean BP r = 0.26. P value were highly significant which was < 0.001

PWV is influenced by tethering of vessel and stiffening of the arterial wall, so increase in velocity may not be a good index to assess risk factor in all cardiac conditions.

Conclusion

PWV is influenced by tethering of vessel and stiffening of the arterial wall, so increase in velocity may not be a good index to assess risk factor in all cardiac conditions unless it is corrected with respect to age and Blood pressure.
Effect of Obesity on Blood Pressure
Authors: J.Rose Priyadharshini, R. Vinodha
Published: January 2024

Background

Obesity is a huge problem because it leads to so many complications such as accelerated atherosclerosis, increased incidence of gallbladder disease, type-2 diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance and many carcinomas. One of the major causes for obesity is excess energy intake in food over energy expenditure. Excess weight gain is an important risk factor for hypertension. Hypertension target major organs of the body leading to coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, kidney damage etc. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of obesity (Body Mass Index(BMI) and Waist Circumference(WC)) on Blood pressure.

Materials & Method

Ethical committee approval was obtained before starting the study. For this study clinical history was recorded and physical examination including body weight, height, waist&hip circumferences were measured. Waist hip ratio(WHR)was calculated. Blood Pressure was recorded.

Results

Obesity was statistically associated with increase in both systolic & diastolic blood pressure.

Conclusion

This study revealed that abdominal obesity &increase in BMI were significantly associated with increase in blood pressure.
Students Perception on Teaching Learning and Evaluation Methodologies Applied in Physiology
Authors: Rajani Santhakumari Nagothu, Yogananda Reddy
Published: January 2024

Background

Outgoing students from some colleges in particular from the central and some specific state medical colleges are better equipped with knowledge, skills and attitude than the rest. On the contrary some medical colleges produce inefficient medical graduates. This article is an initiate in finding out the best teaching learning and assessment methods in physiology from the students’ perspective, to reduce the knowledge and skill gap between the students of different medical colleges. In the regular departmental meetings on better performance of the students, it is much needed to take the feedback from the faculty members also for improving teaching learning and evaluation methods in any educational institutions including medical colleges.

Aim

To record and analyse the feedback from the students on present teaching learning and the evaluation methods used in the department of physiology in a medical college in South Indian state of Telangana.

Materials and Method

The present study was conducted on 68 first year under graduate medical students. Two sets of questionnaires were used for acquisition of qualitative and quantitative data.

Results

Much need to change in the present teaching learning and evaluation methods.

Conclusion

All the students felt that many changes are required in the present teaching learning and evaluation methods for better performance of the students.
Spatial Localization of Sound in the Late-Blind During Spatial Bisection Task and Minimum Audible Angle Task
Authors: Ganesh Prasanna, Sowmya Rajaram
Published: January 2024

Objectives

Our objective was to assess the spatial localization of sound in both minimum audible angle task and spatial bisection task in the azimuthal plane in late blind subjects.

Methods

A total of ten late blind individuals and eight normal sighted blindfolded controls performed the spatial bisection task and minimum audible angle task.

Results and Conclusion

The late blind performed as good as the controls in both the tasks. The late blind would have had intact vision in their developmental years, enabling development of the ability to spatially localize sound. These results support the cross sensory calibration hypothesis that vision calibrates spatial localization of sound while the sensory system is still maturing.
Analysis of One Best MCQS in Five Preuniversity Physiology Examinations
Authors: Upadhyah Amit A.
Published: January 2024

Objectives

One-best MCQs (Multiple Choice Questions) is a popular form of assessment where the student selects the best possible answer from the options provided. The objective of this study was to analyze the MCQs used in preliminary examinations in terms of Difficulty Index, Differentiation Index and Distracter efficiency.

Method

Total 100 MCQ items with one correct option and three distracters were taken from past 5 years preuniversity examinations and analyzed for level of difficulty and power of discrimination. A total of 149, 156, 154, 156 and 148 students appeared for the exam in each year. The Difficulty index was calculated by the formula P = R/T. High and low groups consisting of upper and lower 27% students, respectively, were taken after arranging the scores in descending order for calculating the Discrimination Index as follows: DI = 2 x [(H-L)/N]. Distracter efficiency was determined on the basis of the number of Nonfunctioning Distracters (NF-Ds). An ideal item should have a DFI between 0.30–70.0, a DI of >0.24 and a DE of 100%.

Results

The Difficulty indices for the ten papers of 10 MCQ`s each were (Mean±S. D) 0.50±0.24, 0.49±0.25, 0.52±0.23, 0.55±0.19, 0.73±0.22, 0.68±0.18, 0.53±0.24, 0.65±0.18, 0.54±0.3, 0.47±0.26 respectively. Differentiation indices were (Mean±S. D)0.37±0.12, 0.34±0.17, 0.35±0.14, 0.43±0.15, 0.40±0.15, 0.43±0.17, 0.40±0.20, 0.46±0.11, 0.40±0.16, 0.40±0.20. Thus as a whole, the papers were of average difficulty and were able to differentiate between the students. Thirtyfive MCQs were ideal MCQs. In individual analysis, total 37 MCQs were very easy (Difficulty Index>0.70) and 18 were found to be very tough (Difficulty Index<0.30). In Distracter analysis, 20% of the distracters were found to be nonfunctional (NFDs). 30% of the MCQ`s had One NFD, while 9% and 4% had two and three NFD`s respectively.

Conclusion

Overall, the papers had very good difficulty and differentiation indices which were quite consistent over the five years but there are a few MCQs and distracters which need to be modified to further enhance accurate assessment of the students.
Does Dark Chocolate Relieve Menstrual Pain in Adult Women?: A Study Among Indian Population
Authors: Verma Amita
Published: January 2024

Introduction

Premenstrual pain (PMS) and Dysmenorrhea or painful menstruation is defined as a severe, painful, cramping sensation in the lower abdomen that is often accompanied by other symptoms, such as sweating, headaches, nausea, etc all occurring just before or during the menses1. A variety of drugs, predominantly non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) are used to provide analgesia during the period. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the claims of Dark chocolate as an alternative to NSAIDS.

Methodology

90 selected students were divided into 3groups and were provided 120gms/day of dark chocolate, milk chocolate and no chocolate based on their group. Numeric Rate Scale (NRS) was used to measure pain before and after intervention.

Result

Pre menstrual pain and menstrual pain was significantly reduced after the consumption of Dark chocolate.
Assessment of Blood Pressure and Cognitive Dysfunction in Pune Urban Elderly Population
Authors: Godbole Gayatri
Published: January 2024

Objective

Elderly population in India is increasing sharply. The medical problems like neurocognitive disorders are on rise. Screening tests used for detection of such disorders is Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). Cerebrovascular diseases can lead to neurocognitive disorders and hypertension is one of the risk factor for cerebrovascular diseases Therefore blood pressure was correlated with Mini Mental State Examination.

Method

300 (males and females) aged more than 60 years were screened. Subjects were administered Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) questionnaire and blood pressure was measured. MMSE score was correlated with Blood Pressure.

Result

It was found that systolic blood pressure was increased in subjects with cognitive impairment though the rise is statistically insignificant. Whereas diastolic blood pressure was less in subjects with cognitive impairment as compared to normal subjects.

Conclusion

The systolic blood pressure was increased in subjects with cognitive impairment though the rise was statistically insignificant.