bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of management of postpartum hemorrhage and its complications
Authors: Thawal Yogesh , Kolate Dipak S. , Patvekar Meenal M. , Jindal Shikha , Deshpande Hemant , Bhola Amrita
Published: April 2019

Background: Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is globally one of the most common causes of maternal death, especially in developing country like India. Pregnancy and childbirth involve significant health risks, even to women with no preexisting health problem. The objective of this study was to analyze the role of various interventions in the management of PPH and its complications.Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynecology of Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr. D Y Patil Medical college, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India. A total number of 80 cases of postpartum hemorrhage that fulfilled the selection criteria were included. Data collected and analyzed in PPH patients with medical and surgical management.Results: In present study, most of cases were multigravida (60%) and more than 50 percent of patients required blood and blood products. In present study, most of the postpartum bleeding or postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) cases managed by medical methods. Uterotonic drugs (42.5%) This was possible due to early identification and timely intervention.Conclusions: Active management of third stage of labour is recommended in all cases. Seventy percent cases were  managed by medical methods while rest of the cases required surgical management. Among the medical management uterotonic drugs and bimanual uterine compression was used while among the surgical methods repair of cervical and vaginal laceration was mostly required.
Maternal and perinatal outcome following assisted reproductive technology in a tertiary care centre: a retrospective study
Authors: Valvi Durga , Swaminathan Girija
Published: April 2019

Background: Infertility is a major issue and a source of social and psychological suffering for many couples. Introduction of assisted reproductive technology (ART) leads to great relief for couples nowadays.Methods: Present study was a retrospective study conducted at K.E.M hospital, a major tertiary care hospital after approval of the institutional ethics committee. A retrospective analysis of maternal and perinatal outcome of 30 cases of ART conception from the year 2014 to 2018 was done.Results: The mean age of women enrolled into present study was 37.6 years and most common age group was 30-50 years. The main cause of infertility was unexplained (40%), other causes were female factor (33.33%), male factor (16.67%) and combined (10%). 63.33% pregnancies were singleton and 36.67% twin gestations. The most common complication seen was preterm labour (43.33%). The other complications were preeclampsia/eclampsia (33.33%), gestational hypertension, renal failure, gestational diabetes, cardiomyopathy, hepatic failure, HELLP syndrome and DIC. 60% patients had caesarean section and 40% had vaginal delivery.90.24% neonates had 5-minute Apgar score of more than or equal to 7 and 9.76% had score less than 7. There were 4 stillbirths accounting for 9.76% and out of live births,75.68% babies required NICU admission. There were 5 neonatal deaths (12.2%) and perinatal death rate was 21.95%.Conclusions: ART is associated with a variety of maternal and perinatal complications. Couples should therefore be counseled about these risks while offering them ART as a mode of conception.
Anatomical variations of intra-sphenoid sinus septations in a sample of Kashmiri population: a non-contrast computed tomography study
Authors: Wani Abdul Haseeb , Shiekh Yassar , Parry Arshed Hussain , Qayoom Zahid
Published: April 2019

Background: The sphenoid sinus shows multitude of variations in pneumatization, size and pattern of septations leading to differences in its segmentation. Pre-operative knowledge of their attachment especially to posterolateral bony walls covering vital structures is of utmost importance for a safe trans-sphenoidal approach for various surgical procedures involving skull base. Non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT) with its ability to provide multiplanar reformations (MPR) with sharp algorithms is now a reference standard for visualization of these intra-sphenoid sinus septations preoperatively. The objective of this study was to determine the number and attachment of intra-sphenoid sinus septations in a Kashmiri population sample.Methods: NCCT head images of 591 patients in the age range of 16 to 75 years were analyzed retrospectively. Individuals with age less than 16 years, previous surgery involving skull base/sphenoid sinus, trauma causing hem sinus/fractures around skull base or having space occupying lesions around skull base/sphenoid sinus were excluded from the study. On the CT workstation multi-planar coronal, sagittal and axial reconstructions were performed and subsequently examined.Results: The age range was 16 to 75 years with mean age of 43.56 years of which 453 (76.6%) were males and 138 (23.4%) were females. Single intra-sphenoid septation was the most common anatomic variant in present study (79.7%) being complete in 71.7% and partial or incomplete in 8% of the examined subjects. Double septa were found in 11% inpresent study and more than 2 septae in 3.4%. After sellar attachment (51%) the next most common site of attachment was to the carotid canal (29.5%) (23% to left ICA and 6.5% to the right ICA).Conclusions: Intricate knowledge about sphenoid sinus, its pneumatization and anatomical variations in intra-sphenoid sinus septations and its relationship with the surrounding vital structures is of utmost importance before performing any endoscopic/open surgery involving skull base via trans-sphenoidal approach. The present study shows that a significant percentage of septal attachment to the carotid canal makes main sphenoidal septum as not so reliable landmark for endoscopic procedures as used to be in the pre-imaging era. Thus, preoperative CT is mandatory to avoid injuries to para-sellar neurovascular and glandular structures.
Evaluation of vitamin D status in suspected cases of metabolic syndrome
Authors: Krishnaswamy Radhika , Chawang Shelomith K. , Krishnaswamy Priyadharshini
Published: April 2019

Background: Metabolic syndrome is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Vitamin D has been linked to glucose metabolism and insulin regulation. Hence, this study aims to evaluate the association between the serum level of vitamin D and metabolic syndrome. This may help generate additive strategies in the prevention and management of this syndrome. The objective of the study was to compare the levels of serum vitamin D in subjects with metabolic syndrome and subjects without metabolic syndrome.Methods: A prospective study with 80 subjects was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Southern India. The sample comprised 40 subjects in the age group of (18-60 years) with metabolic syndrome as cases and 40 subjects without metabolic syndrome in the age groups of (18-60 years) as controls. The presence of any 3 of the following- fasting blood glucose (FBS ≥100mg/dl), triglycerides (TGL≥150mg/dl) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C ≤40mg/dl-men, ≤50mg/dl-women) levels, blood pressure (≥130/85mmHg or drug treatment) and abdominal waist circumference (>94 cm (37 in) in men and >80 cm (31 in) in women) were used as criteria to screen for the presence (cases) or absence (controls) of metabolic syndrome. Serum vitamin D (25-hydroxy vitamin D) levels were compared between the two groups.Results: Mann Whitney U test was used to compare the vitamin D levels between the two groups. Significantly (p=0.05) lower vitamin D levels were seen in the cases compared to the controls.Conclusions: Metabolic syndrome is associated with significantly lower serum vitamin D levels. We suggest that further studies with a larger sample size be undertaken to confirm the same.
Screening for congenital heart disease in newborns at urban community health centre
Authors: M. S. Kalpana , J. Vijayanthi Mala
Published: April 2019

Background: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a defect in the cardiovascular structure and function and represents a heterogeneous group of defects with little known cause. Most of them are diagnosed in newborn period, yet some may be missed only to be diagnosed later. CHDs present with little or no symptoms and hence are under diagnosed in centres with inadequate facilities. So, this study was conducted to find the prevalence of CHDs in neonates delivered in our centre.Methods: The study was conducted in an urban community centre from May 2018 to January 2019. Babies delivered here were subjected to clinical examination, pulse oximetry at our centre and detailed ECHO examination was done at a nearby PHC where a trained cardiologist was available.Results: There were 783 babies delivered during the study period, of which 436 babies underwent echo and formed the study group. Totally 35 (8%) babies had some abnormality on echo. Clinically murmurs were present in 10 newborns. Critical congenital heart disease was seen in 3(0.6%) babies. These babies were diagnosed with severe PS, Bicuspid aortic valve with severe AS and pulmonary atresia. VSD was the commonest malformation followed by ASD and PDA.Conclusions: Screening of CHD helps to detect defects which otherwise would have been missed. Critical CHD could be diagnosed which enabled us to refer the babies for early surgery.
Improvement in radiographic quality workflow due to use of digital imaging and picture archiving and communication system
Authors: Wani Abdul Haseeb , Parry Arshed Hussain , Khanday Shakeel Ahmad , Gojwari Tariq Ahmad
Published: April 2019

Background: PACS (Picture archiving and communication systems) and digital imaging (DI) has revolutionized radiology bringing about a paradigm shift in the way radiodiagnosis is perceived and practiced with a slew of benefits like elimination of the need for manual handling of films, helping in long term storage of digital images, easy transfer and retrieval of radiographic images. The objective of this study was to analyse the influence of PACS and digital imaging on the workflow in the radiology, performance of the radiographer and image storage and retrieval capabilities.Methods: It was a questionnaire-based study in which questions were asked to the radiographers working in our hospital at five different working sites. Each questionnaire was aimed to evaluate the effect of digital imaging on radiology workflow, improvement in the performance of radiographers, reduction in the work-related frustration levels due to use of digital imaging and finally the utility of digital imaging in image storage, query and retrieval.Results: Among the 50 questionnaires 41 were completed and retrieved. Among the respondents, 90.24% indicated that digital imaging has obviated the need for repeat examinations, 95.12%  agreed with the fact that it  resulted in the reduction of the number of reject images, 95.1% said it helped them in improving their performances, 92.6% of the respondents said they did not face any issue with its use and 95.1% of the participants agreed that the image query and retrieval could be accomplished in a hassle-free manner.Conclusions: The digital imaging technique not only improves the performance of the radiographers but also increases the workflow of the health care hospitals or clinics. The digital imaging reduces the number of rejected images thus reducing radiation exposure to the patients.  Further, it is highly cost-effective and time-saving.
Effect of statins treatment on glycemic status and development of new onset diabetes mellitus in a tertiary care teaching hospital: a cross sectional study
Authors: Chalapathi Rao K. N. S. V. , Vankayala Ashok , Sayana Suresh Babu , Raju D. S. S. K.
Published: April 2019

Background: Several observational studies, well controlled randomized trials and meta-analyses reported that patients treated with statins has high risk of new onset diabetes mellitus (NODM), but the exact incidence and mechanism is still unclear and controversy. The present study was planned to find out the incidence of prediabetes and NODM and possible mechanism of action.Methods: This was a prospective, cross‑sectional study carried out at the Department of General Medicine for a period of one and half year between August 2017 and February 2019. Normoglycemic patients whose fasting blood glucose levels below 100 mg/dL and at least one year of treatment with statins were recruited in the study. Glycaemic status, development of prediabetes and NODM and insulin resistance were the primary outcomes whereas lipid profile, adverse drug effects of statins were secondary outcomes. Collected data was analysed by suitable statistical methods.Results: A total of 146 patients were recruited and 120 completed the entire study. Mean fasting blood glucose levels before initiation of statin therapy was 89.45±10.21. After one year of statin therapy, patients were separated as prediabetics and new onset diabetics and there mean fasting blood glucose levels were 116.24±12.86 (n=10) and 152.44±20.12 (n=12) respectively. A total of 12 (10.0%) patients were developed NODM and 10 (8.2%) patients developed prediabetes at the end of statin therapy. Atorvastatin 40mg was most frequency prescribed statin followed by Atorvastatin 20mg. A total of 70 (58.3%) study participants developed mild to moderate drug related adverse effects (ADRs), statin‑induced myalgia (55.7%) was the most common ADR.Conclusions: Patients treatment with statins had developed prediabetes and NODM. Atorvastatin 40mg and greater dose significantly induced NODM. Fasting blood glucose levels should be measured periodically with prescription contains higher doses of statins.
The incidence of hyperglycemia during the induction phase of chemotherapy in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Tamaddoni Ahmad , Alijanpour Morteza , Mahmoodi Hassan , Miladi Beniamin , Bijani Ali , Assadollahi Ehsan , Aghajanpour Faeze
Published: April 2019

Background: Hyperglycemia is one of the most complications of corticosteroid and asparaginase during induction phase of chemotherapy in children suffering from acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).
This study was carried out to evaluate the incidence of hyperglycemia and associated risk factors during chemotherapy induction phase at Amirkola Children's Hospital.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional (retrospective) study, 150 children (mean age: 79.16±42.68 months) with ALL were evaluated (2000- 2011). Hyperglycemia was described as random blood glucose level more than 200mg/dl in patients less than 2 years old. In patients older than 2 years, fasting blood glucose level more than 110-125 mg/dl was considered as impaired glucose level and fasting blood glucose level more than 126 mg/dl was defined as diabetes mellitus. The data were analyzed using SPSS (version 18) and running chi square test, pearson Ccorrelation, and logistic regression. P-values less than0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Out of 150 children with ALL, 21 (14%) of them had hyperglycemia, but none of them had diabetic ketoacidosis. Hyperglycemia was significantly associated with gender (P=0.014) and age. (P=0.000) which was more likely in patients older than 10 years. The incidence of hyperglycemia was also related to BMI (P=0.000). Relapse rate for ALL was 14.7%, which was not significantly associated with hyperglycemia.
Conclusion: Hyperglycemia was common and transient during induction phase of chemotherapy and it was correlated with age, sex, and weight.
Evaluation of the Severity and Duration of Thrombocytopenia following Exchange Transfusion in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia
Authors: Boskabadi Hassan , Mir Mahdie
Published: April 2019

Background: Infant jaundice is one the most common causes of hospitalization in infant in the first month of birth, which is defined an abnormal increase in blood bilirubin levels. Exchange transfusion is the recommended treatment for neonatal jaundice who do not respond to phototherapy and experience dangerous complication of jaundice and signs of kernicterus. However, this treatment may lead to complications such as thrombocytopenia. This study aimed to investigate the severity and duration of thrombocytopenia following the exchange transfusion in neonatal jaundice.
Material and Methods: This cross section study was performed on 217 infants. Infants with a gestational age of 35 to 42 weeks and bilirubin levels of above 17 mg/dl, who were undergoing treated with exchange transfusion, entered in this study. This study was conducted from 2012 to 2018 in the Ghaem Hospital (Mashhad, Iran). The samples were selected by convenience sampling. The platelet count was measured before exchange transfusion, right after exchange transfusion, 6 hours after exchange transfusion, and platelet count continued until platelet level was normal.  At the time of discharge, platelet levels were re-measured.
Results: Among the samples, 104(53.8%) were males and 89 (46.2%) females. Of the infants who were transfused, 15 % had thrombocytopenia. After the exchange transfusion, 80 % of infants had thrombocytopenia. The mean platelet count before the exchange transfusion was 299,180 per mm3 of blood, and it was 105.140 per mm3 of blood after the exchange transfusion. With respect to severity of this complication, 86 % of the thrombocytopenia after exchange transfusion was mild to moderate.
Conclusion: In this study, nearly one-sixth of the infants who needed exchange transfusions had thrombocytopenia that most of them had platelet of more than 100000.  Thrombocytopenia is associated with jaundice and can be exacerbated by phototherapy.
The Frequency of Packed Red Blood Cells Transfusion in Preterm Infants Admitted to NICU of Shahid Sadoughi Hospital During 2016
Authors: Lookzadeh Mohamad Hosein , Adhami Fateme , Nouri Shadkam Mahmood , Mirjalili Seyyed Reza , Sheikhpour Elnaz
Published: April 2019

Background: Red blood cells transfusion is a useful practice for preterm infants. Large amount of blood is usually wasted in the infants. Considering that few studies have been carried out on infants, the aim of current study was to investigate the frequency of packed red blood cells transfusion in preterm infants admitted to NICU of Shahid Sadoughi Hospital in Yazd during 2016
Materials and Methods: This retrospective descriptive-analytical study was conducted on infants admitted to Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Yazd, Iran during 2016. Variables including fetal age, sex, birth weight, delivery method, Apgar score, infant status, premature birth complications and transfusion information were extracted from medical records of patients.
Results: Current study was conducted on 335 premature infants. Among them, 85 cases were received packed red blood cells transfusion (25.4%). Of the infants receiving packed red blood cells, 59 cases (69.4%) were alive and 26 (30.6%) dead. Distribution of preterm complications in infants including respiratory distress syndrome, sepsis, respiratory failure and Pneumothorax was observed in 66 (77.6%), 19(22.4%), 52(61.2%) and 14 patients (16.5%), respectively. There was significant difference between mean age and mean Apgar score in terms of transfusion (p<0.01). The mean volume of consumed blood was 34.20 ± 27.44 ml. The mean volume of wasted blood was 488.39±355.88 ml. Minimum and Maximum volume of wasted blood was 220 and 1873 ml.
Conclusion: According to results of current study, the mean age and mean Apgar score in patients undergoing transfusion was lower than those did not have transfusion. Moreover, total volume of wasted blood was 14.2 times more than consumed blood. Therefore, optimal usage of blood products and the use of smaller blood bags are proposed in order to improve the health of infants in intensive care units and lessen complications of blood transfusion in newborns.
The surface markers and survival rate of platelets during storage at 4°C: The influence of sodium octanoate
Authors: Baghdadi Vahid , Yari Fatemeh , Rezaei Negar , Rafiee Mohammad Hessam
Published: April 2019

Background: Storage of platelet concentrates (PCs) at room temperature (20-24°C) limits its storage time to 5 days due to the destructive effects of platelet storage lesion (PSL) and bacterial contamination. Although prolonged storage of platelets (PLTs) at 4°C reduces the likelihood of bacterial contamination and PSL levels, it is accompanied by an increase in the clearance rate and changes in the surface markers of PLTs. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of sodium octanoate (SO) as a stabilizer on PLTs during storage at 4°C.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, PCs were divided into three portions and stored for 5 days at 3 different conditions, including 20-24°C, 4°C temperature, and 4°C in presence of SO. PLTs enumeration was performed using an automated hematology analyzer. To measure the metabolic activity and survival rate of PLTs, the water-soluble tetrazolium salt (WST-1) assay was performed. The activity of lactate dehydrogenase enzyme (LDH) was measured by a biochemical analyzer. Additionally, the levels of PLT glycoprotein Ibα (GPIbα) and CD62P (P-selectin) were measured on PLTs by flow cytometry technique.
Results: PLTs count was higher in SO-treated (4°C) PLTs than two other studied samples. Additionally, the viability was higher in the SO-treated PLTs than that in other groups. LDH amount was lower in the SO-treated PLTs than that in other groups (P>0.05). GPIbα expression was significantly higher in SO-treated PLTs than that other groups (P<0.05). On the other hand, the expression of CD62P was lower at 4°C in PLTs in the presence of SO (P>0.05).
Conclusions: SO could modulate the effects of cold temperatures on PLTs. Furthermore, we found that the survival of platelets was better maintained in the presence of SO at 4°C.
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) based approaches for hematopoietic cancer therapy
Authors: Khandany Bardia , Heidari Mohammad Mehdi , Khatami Mehri
Published: April 2019

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are reprogrammed from somatic cells through numerous transcription factors. Human induced pluripotent stem cell approaches are developing as a hopeful strategy to improve our knowledge of genetic association studies and the underlying molecular mechanisms.  Rapid progression in stem cell therapy and cell reprogramming provides compelling reasons for its feasibility for treating a wide range of diseases through the replacement of autologous cells. Continuous failure in embryonic stem cells (ESC) production and the dependency of iPSC on ectopic genes may be due to the inability to maintain the stability of the endogenous gene systems which are essential for creation of pluripotency state. With recent developments in the genome processing and human tissue culturing approaches as well as xenotransplantation, bioengineering, and genome editing, induced pluripotent stem cells offer the new opportunities for the study of human cancers. Most hematopoietic malignancies are originated from cells that are functionally heterogeneous and few of them are responsible for maintaining tumor state. The naming of these cancer stem cells are due to the quality characteristics of normal tissue stem cells, such as self-renewal, long term survival, and the ability to produce cells with more differentiated properties. The aim of present study was to focus on the recent progresses in the application of stem cell-based hematopoietic cancer, and to assess the benefits of treatment, opportunities, and shortcomings that can potentially help improve future efforts in experimental and clinical studies.
Glioblastoma Multiforme in a nine-year-old girl: a case report
Authors: Esfahani Hossein , Dehghan Arash , Sami Ghazal , Eskandari Nika
Published: April 2019

Brain tumors are the most common solid tumors in childhood. Glioblastoma multiform (GBM) is the second most common primary brain tumor in adults. It usually affects the cerebral hemispheres of adults at the 6th or 7th decade of life. In comparison to adult population, GBM is rare in pediatrics and accounts for approximately 3% of all pediatric brain tumors. Pediatric glioblastoma was defined as patient age younger than 21 years at the time of craniotomy. The prognosis seems to be better in childhood. This report documented a GBM was located in the frontal lobe of a 9 year old girl who was diagnosed in Hamedan University of Medical Sciences in 2016. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a huge well enhancing mass in left frontal lobe (47 ×35 mm ). This mass was surrounded by vasogenic edema and was extended to medial aspect of right frontal lobe through corpus callosum. The patient underwent a left frontal craniotomy, and gross total tumor removal was per¬formed. Pathology findings revealed neoplastic transformation of glial cells associated with vascular necrosis and neovascularization.
PARENTING BEHAVIOR OF HEARING IMPAIRED PARENTS
Authors: Antawati Dewi Ilma , Nurdibyanandaru Duta
Published: April 2019

Purpose of Study: The purpose of this study is to explain the parenting behavior of parents with hearing impairment in an attempt to find out how they take care of their children.

Methodology: Five hearing impaired parents are involved as an informant of the study. The method used is an instrumental case study with depth interview as a data collection technique and content analysis as a method of data analysis. The theoretical perspective used is four aspects of parenting behavior from Bornstein.

Results: The results showed that among the four aspects of parenting behavior, the participants have little or no difficulties in nurturant caregiving, maternal caregiving, and social caregiving. With their hearing difficulties, they can do it with help from their parents or relatives. However, they experience difficulties in social caregiving, particularly in responding child’s emotional expressions and building communication with them, and in didactic caregiving particularly in handling disruptive behavior.

Implications/Applications: The results of this study imply the need to conduct further research about parenting behavior of hearing-impaired parents, and parenting alliance between hearing impaired parent and their own parent. It also implies the need to conduct parent training that suitable for hearing impaired parents, especially in handling children emotion and disruptive behavior, to help them better care for their children.
LOCAL GOVERNMENT POLICY MODEL OF INDONESIA RATTAN HANDICRAFT CREATIVE INDUSTRY IN TRANGSAN VILLAGE
Authors: Kumalasari Galuh Wahyu
Published: April 2019

Purpose of Study: Creative industry is one of the economic sectors that important to get attention from the government. Absorption workers in the creative industry are very large considering the main capital in this industry is idea and creativity. An employee who works on large industry, often replaced by mechanical power by efficiency reason. This is different from the creative industry which had to take creativity owned by a human being to maintain its existence. The rattan industry in this area has been able to penetrate the export market in the Netherlands, Germany, The United States, and Australia. Although has penetrated the export market, a number of problems experienced by actors of the creative industry, such as difficulty in competition with other countries related to the design of products and the difficulties to participate in the event of the international exhibition.

Methodology: The methodology used in this research is nondoctrinal, its describe clearly on local government policy in the development of the rattan creative industry in Trangsan Village, Gatak, Sukoharjo, Central Java.

Results: This study found that one of an industry that relatively has been shown to be able to survive in the center of turbulence and national and global economic crisis is the rattan industry in Trangsan Village.

Implications/Applications: Looking at these problems, the local government should take an active role to provide support for rattan industries of Trangsan Village by facilitating ease licensing and integrated technical assistance in connection to promoting both through social media and facilitation to be fit for as well as in international events.
THE ESTABLISHMENT OF PARTICIPATORY REGIONAL REGULATIONS BASED ON LOCAL WISDOM
Authors: Yuspin Wardah , . Absori , Nurhayati Nunik
Published: April 2019

Purpose of Study: The research aimed to describe the Participatory Regional Regulation based local wisdom and to formulate the model of the participatory regional regulation in the future based on the concept of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia. The regional regulations created by the local governments should involve the local community by raising the local wisdom of the respective region by considering the potential of conflict with the laws and regulations so that they will have the impunity power of being obeyed by the community since they provide impacts for the community tranquility and welfare. The differences among the regional regulation of each region are the manifestation of Bhineka Tunggal Ika, 2) The participatory regional regulation based on local wisdom is prepared for the future by accommodating the strength of society autonomy and organizations of interest by placing them in a more adequate position in the context of promoting the growth of civil society such as by providing the public with access to public information, access to participation and access to justice so that the role of society can be manifested in various forms, including the process of decision-making, management, and control. Methodology: The research method was qualitative with the empirical juridical approach. The research gives a contribution to the regional Government to ensure regional autonomy as mandated by the Constitution of 1945 can run properly. Results: The results of the discussion included: 1) the community upheaval that occurs due to the enforcement of local regulation is assumed as the decline of national democracy. Implications/Applications: The regional regulations are derived from the thought rooted in participatory approaches as the implication of the efforts to enact a democratic development model based on democracy; hence, they must be done by reforming the regulations that situate law within the community and humanity as the main focus.
PUNISHMENT FOR THE EXTRAORDINARY CRIME PERPETRATOR ON CHILDREN ECONOMIC EXPLOITATION IN INDONESIA COMPARISON OF LAW IN AUSTRALIA, SENEGAL AND ENGLAND
Authors: Pamuncak Aristya Windiana
Published: April 2019

Purpose of Study: Child exploitation and slavery have become a new phenomenon of global crime because it occurred in every part of the world. The exploitation of infants and children in our public perception is underestimated because of cases subject to prosecution only mild and included unusual punishment.

Methodology: This research was normative, in analyzing phenomena that occur in society, the authors attempted to answer some of the problems of the rule of positive law in Indonesia in solving the problems of exploitation of children, how to tackle the exploitation of children by other countries, and recommendations to resolve the problems of exploitation against children.

Results: Exploitation crimes against children or slavery more appropriately included as an extraordinary crime committed against children, because such measures will not only affect the physical and psychological health but also will greatly affect the future of children and the future of a nation.

Implications/Applications: Comparative law between the State of Australia, Senegal, and England, can be recommended for the legislature to make the formulation of regulations on the handling of the exploitation of children more effectively and quickly.
CIVIL SOCIETY AND LAW ENFORCEMENT IN INDONESIA
Authors: Nurhayati Nunik , Suryadi Rohmad
Published: April 2019

Purpose of Study: This research aims to 1). Knowing the spirit of civil society emergence in law enforcement in case of defamation of religion in Indonesia. 2) To know the implications of civil society influence in law enforcement justice in Indonesia.

Methodology: The study used a qualitative approach, using case study method of law enforcement in case of religious defamation done by Jakarta Capital City Governor, Basuki Tjahaya Purnama (Ahok) in the year 2016 ago.

Results: The results showed that the polarization of civil society forces occurred in this case. So that causes good civil society and bad civil society when seen from the indicator of civil society value.  Good Civil Society is based on the spirit of transcendence tends to be relatively more successful in consolidating the movement that many won the sympathy of collective action because of its obedience to the rule of law.

Implications/Applications: Implication of civil society in law enforcement, demands law enforcers to stand independently, to promote truth and fair law. Civil society pressure is part of a democratic society that is seen as a social fact and as long as good civil society is accommodated, the law enforced will also be equitable.
El estado desarrollista: independencia, dependencia y la historia del Sur
Authors: Eslava Luis
Published: April 2019

En este artículo examino la génesis e importancia del estado desarrollista para nuestro estudio del periodo de la descolonización –el cual tuvo lugar desde mediados de los años 1950 hasta la década de 1970– y, de manera más general, para nuestro entendimiento de la historia del orden global. Tomando como punto de partida la historia –mucho más temprana– de la experiencia latinoamericana con el colonialismo europeo, junto con los retos que trajo consigo su independencia, demuestro que el estado desarrollista que surgió gradualmente en la región vino a definir los límites de lo pensable y lo posible para el resto del mundo poscolonial. Durante la segunda mitad del siglo xx, en particular, el estado desarrollista probó ser una bestia muy difícil de domesticar en términos de los intereses de los habitantes del Sur, tanto en Latinoamérica como más allá. Atrincherado en el proyecto de la modernidad, muy cercano a la maquinaria institucional de los poderes coloniales, y dependiente de las economías “avanzadas”, el estado desarrollista prometió mucho, y al mismo tiempo terminó comprometiendo demasiado al Sur Global. Esta es una historia que continúa marcando la vida diaria del Sur, y cada vez más, los nuevos “sures” del Norte Global.
¿Qué es justicia social? Una nueva historia de su significado en el discurso jurídico transnacional
Authors: Pérez-Garzón Carlos Andrés
Published: April 2019

A partir de un análisis desde la historia del derecho, este artículo de investigación busca demostrar la existencia de un significado de justicia social en el discurso jurídico transnacional actual que se resume en la garantía de estos tres elementos: Estado social de derecho, dignidad humana e igualdad de oportunidades. Con ello se pretende superar el simple estudio de teorías de filósofos de moda como John Rawls a la hora de abordar el problema de cómo entender y materializar la justicia social, particularmente, en el plano constitucional. Por último, con la ayuda de algunos breves estudios de caso, se espera proveer un marco mínimo útil para entender cómo la justicia social puede lograrse a través del derecho.
Ponderación y equidad: Alexy, Recaséns y la búsqueda de lo razonable en la argumentación jurídica
Authors: Fernández Postigo José Chávez
Published: April 2019

En este trabajo se toma como punto de partida que en la teoría del “logos de lo razonable” de Luis Recaséns Siches se encuentra un antecedente de las contemporáneas teorías de la argumentación jurídica como la de Alexy, pero no se examina esa tesis general, sino que se aborda un objetivo más específico: a través de la comparación de la ponderación y de la equidad, como núcleos de significado de lo que ambos autores entienden por “razonabilidad”, se busca esclarecer el concepto de lo que resulta conveniente entender por “razonable” en la argumentación jurídica. El presente trabajo trata de evidenciar que en este aspecto concreto el modelo de Recaséns es comparable al de Alexy solo superficialmente y que, antes bien, contiene al menos dos aportes decisivos que lo distinguen y que pueden ser útiles para encaminar mejor el esclarecimiento de lo que conviene entender por “razonable” en la argumentación jurídica.
La naturaleza del control interno de convencionalidad y su disímil recepción en la jurisprudencia de las cortes chilenas
Authors: Henríquez Viñas Miriam
Published: April 2019

El artículo plantea que los tribunales de alzada chilenos, desde septiembre de 2006 hasta diciembre de 2017, han mencionado al control de convencionalidad en sus sentencias, si bien reconociéndole una disímil naturaleza. Algunos tribunales han estimado que se trata de un control de compatibilidad entre normas, con sentidos distintos; mientras que otros lo han concebido como la aplicación de las normas que integran el parámetro de convencionalidad. En razón de ello, se analiza la jurisprudencia de la Corte Interamericana a fin de desentrañar la naturaleza que este tribunal le atribuye al control de convencionalidad. Luego, se concentra la atención en la jurisprudencia chilena, con una doble perspectiva: la primera, identificar cómo los tribunales de alzada conciben al control de convencionalidad; y la segunda, establecer si la naturaleza asignada coincide con la reconocida por la jurisprudencia de la Corte Interamericana.
El control de convencionalidad de los laudos arbitrales en Colombia: una historia que aún no ha sido contada
Authors: Reyes Sinisterra Cindy Charlotte
Published: April 2019

El presente trabajo de investigación estudia la figura del control de convencionalidad en los tribunales arbitrales y en los laudos arbitrales, acudiendo al estudio del derecho comparado, y realiza un análisis a los sistemas regionales de protección de los derechos humanos en América, Asia, África y Europa para así evidenciar que existe un vacío legislativo en la aplicación del control de convencionalidad a los laudos arbitrales. Se toman precedentes de la jurisprudencia internacional para establecer qué mecanismos procesales pueden utilizarse para la anulación de un laudo que viole normas convencionales contenidas en un tratado internacional de derechos humanos.
Mecanismos de protección de los conocimientos tradicionales: el caso de Colombia
Authors: Muñoz Rojas Tatiana María , Giraldo Builes Jim , López Gómez María del Socorro
Published: April 2019

En este artículo se exploran y analizan con sentido crítico los mecanismos dispuestos en la normativa y la jurisprudencia colombianas para la protección del conocimiento tradicional (CT), con el fin de contribuir al debate actual sobre las racionalidades contrapuestas que subyacen en las propuestas de protección: por un lado, la cosmovisión de las comunidades indígenas, y por el otro, la racionalidad del mercado. Por esta razón, en la primera parte se abordan los elementos del CT, mientras que en las siguientes se analizan tanto los mecanismos existentes (plasmados en normas) como los emergentes (resultantes de las teorías jurisprudenciales y el precedente judicial) para su protección. Se evidencia que existen dos tendencias entre los mecanismos emergentes: una plasmada en las sentencias de tutela de la Corte Constitucional, que puede considerarse proteccionista del CT ya que mantiene una concepción sistémica del mismo y resalta la importancia de considerar los elementos que lo componen para que sea efectiva su protección; y otra inmersa en las sentencias de constitucionalidad de acuerdos comerciales, que antepone la racionalidad del mercado a la concepción sistémica del CT, mediante la aplicación de instrumentos de propiedad intelectual.
Reconocimiento de derechos de la comunidad afrodescendiente esclavizada y asentada en el Pacífico colombiano (1800-1851)
Authors: López Santamaría Ramsés
Published: April 2019

El presente artículo tiene como propósito presentar la revisión documental y contextual del reconocimiento de derechos en relación con grupos minoritarios, en especial y como objeto principal de la presente investigación, de la comunidad afrodescendiente esclavizada y asentada en el Pacífico colombiano entre los años de 1800 y 1851. El estudio histórico y jurídico del reconocimiento a la libertad de esclavos, a la luz de un periodo de tiempo muy específico en el contexto de la Nueva Granada, y del derecho de acceso a la propiedad, es la línea conductora del presente artículo. El trabajo es además el resultado de una revisión del estado de la cuestión que pretende motivar la generación de nuevas investigaciones sobre el reconocimiento de derechos en favor de un grupo social al que no se le permitía acceder con facilidad a la libertad ni a la propiedad privada. Se utiliza para el efecto, en particular, la referencia a fuentes primarias (expedientes judiciales) existentes en el Archivo Central del Cauca.
Victimario: la víctima desconocida del conflicto armado colombiano. Análisis de su reparación en torno al principio de igualdad
Authors: Aguirre Aguirre Jhon Edier
Published: April 2019

El presente artículo de investigación es de tipo descriptivo, de análisis documental y jurisprudencial. Busca responder a la situación problemática en la cual un mismo sujeto ostenta la calidad de víctima y de victimario, en particular, cuando ha sido víctima de reclutamiento forzado, siendo menor de edad, y a la vez es victimario desmovilizado, siendo mayor de edad, en el contexto de los acuerdos de paz suscritos por el Gobierno colombiano y las farc-EP, tomando como base normativa la Ley 1448 de 2011. Con el objeto de enfrentar esta situación problemática, se analizaron teórica y conceptualmente las categorías de víctima y victimario, para, paso seguido, construir una categoría independiente, denominada víctima-victimario. Se revisaron la doctrina y la jurisprudencia en relación con el principio de igualdad, concretándolo en el juicio de proporcionalidad en relación con aquellos menores de edad que fueron reclutados e incorporados a las filas de un grupo armado al margen de la ley y que se desmovilizaron siendo aún menores de edad, los cuales, de acuerdo con la Ley 1448 de 2011, ostentan la calidad de víctimas, en contraste con aquellos que se desmovilizaron siendo ya mayores de edad y que, por tal motivo, de acuerdo con la misma normativa, pierden la condición de víctimas. A partir del análisis en torno a los mecanismos de reparación a las víctimas del conflicto armado colombiano, se concluye con la autoría mediata como solución a la vinculación del víctima-victimario en el proceso de reparación a las víctimas del conflicto armado.
Proceso de toma de decisiones en mipymes hoteleras de Boyacá, Colombia
Authors: Moya-Espinosa Pedro Ignacio , Cortés-Rodríguez Nubia Consuelo , Martínez-Cárdenas Ana Graciela
Published: April 2019

El artículo busca identificar el proceso de Toma de Decisiones, TD, en las empresas hoteleras afiliadas a la Asociación Hotelera y Turística de Colombia, Cotelco, Capítulo Boyacá. Se establecieron las características, el proceso y las herramientas usadas en la TD, resaltándose que se trata de un proceso en el que, entre varias alternativas, se elige una que pueda orientar los cursos de acción y resolver un problema actual o potencial. La investigación es de tipo exploratorio y descriptivo y partió de la revisión bibliográfica; luego, se aplicó una encuesta estructurada a 54 de 59 gerentes como población objeto de estudio. Los resultados indican que las empresas estudiadas corresponden en un 70,9% a microempresas, donde los gerentes desarrollan un proceso estructurado en la TD, con la tendencia a aplicar algunas acciones al uso de herramientas gerenciales en gestión de calidad y servicio al cliente.
Modelo de responsabilidad social universitaria: una propuesta para las instituciones colombianas
Authors: Forero-Jiménez Martha Yaneth
Published: April 2019

El artículo propone un modelo para implementar la Responsabilidad Social Universitaria, RSU, a partir de un breve análisis de su situación en Colombia. Se aplicó la investigación cualitativa, específicamente descriptiva-explicativa, utilizando el ciclo Shewhart. El modelo propuesto parte de los cuatro pilares de la educación superior: docencia, proyección social, investigación y gestión, sumando medio ambiente y posconflicto. El medio ambiente, pese a formar parte del esquema de la RS, apenas está siendo tratado con cierto rigor en la literatura, mientras que el último aspecto es de gran relevancia dada la realidad actual del país. Igualmente, se diseñó la tabla de indicadores, herramienta clave para conocer el estado de cada universidad respecto a su compromiso social y en consecuencia tomar las medidas conducentes a mejorar. Se concluye que una de las causas de la no implementación de la RSU, es que no se cuenta con una metodología o un modelo de cómo hacerlo, así como al escaso interés prestado por las universidades; esto debido a que no se ha tomado consciencia de su importancia y lo favorable que resulta para contribuir a la reconstrucción del tejido social.
Acumulación de capitales, el marco detrás del conflicto en el Occidente de Boyacá
Authors: García-Norato José Florentino , García-Norato Myriam Emilce
Published: April 2019

Este artículo tiene como objetivo establecer la influencia del desarrollo minero en el conflicto de la zona occidental de Boyacá, Colombia. La investigación se enmarca en el paradigma cualitativo, definiendo como indicadores principales la acumulación de grandes capitales y el control social ejercido por los conglomerados empresariales, enfatizando en el periodo comprendido entre los años 2010 a 2017. Los resultados indican que la configuración del conflicto en el occidente de Boyacá respondió al interés de la acumulación de grandes capitales, por parte de las empresas que tradicionalmente han operado en la región. Además, se evidencia la ausencia del Estado, reflejada en la falta de control a las empresas que poseen la explotación de las minas, así como en la violación constante a los derechos humanos de los ciudadanos de la región. Finalmente, la intervención de las multinacionales aparece como un fenómeno emergente que necesitará de un control constante por parte del Estado.
Vigilancia tecnológica para la innovación educativa en el uso de bases de datos y plataformas de gestión de aprendizaje en la universidad del Valle, Colombia
Authors: Cruz-Rojas Gilbert Andrés , Molina-Blandón Manuel Alejandro , Valdiri-Vinasco Verónica
Published: April 2019

Este artículo presenta los resultados obtenidos en el primer ciclo del proyecto Vigilancia Tecnológica para la Innovación Educativa, realizado en la Universidad del Valle, con base en una adaptación de la metodología propuesta en la Norma Española Experimental UNE 166006 Gestión de la I+D+i: Sistema de Vigilancia Tecnológica. Este desarrollo metodológico, consistente en tres fases: planeación, monitoreo y construcción de valor, permitió reconocer las dificultades que presentan docentes y estudiantes de la universidad en el uso de bases de datos y plataformas de gestión de aprendizaje, a pesar de su importancia como elementos centrales para fortalecer la producción científica y la calidad educativa. Los resultados de este ciclo permitieron, además, proponer soluciones formativas y tecnológicas que atendieran estas necesidades, buscando mejorar la integración de TIC y fomentar la Innovación Educativa.