bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Depositional Environment to Reservoir Quality Assessment Through Well Log and Sedimentological Analysis of Lower Goru Formation
Authors: Asad Muhammad , Hanming Gu , Ullah Jar , Rehman Naveed , Abdalla Rifaat M.
Published: August 2024

This study conducts an extensive sedimentological analysis of the Lower Goru Formation, focusing on core analysis and well log data. The research utilizes data from the Kadanwari well located in middle Indus Basin of Pakistan. The objective is to deduce the depositional environment of the Cretaceous Lower Goru Formation and reservoir quality assessment. Through this analysis, nine distinct lithofacies have been delineated: Massive Sandstone, Bioturbated Sandstone, Parallel Laminated Sandstone, Cross Laminated Sandstone, Massive Mudstone, Sandstone and Mudstone Intercalations, shaly sandstone, Brecciated Sandstone, and shale. These identified lithofacies are categorized into three main facies associations: foreshore, shoreface, and offshore. The findings point towards a depositional setting that transitions from fluvial, to tidal, to deltaic front, and finally to a shallow marine environment. Petrographic examination classifies the Goru Sandstone as primarily subfeldsarenite to sublithicarenite, predominantly laid down in a transitional recycled orogenic setting. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) along with EDS assessments of porosity and permeability indicate favorable reservoir qualities. The study concludes that the basal sand units possess superior reservoir properties in comparison to the upper massive sandstone layers.
The control method of a quadrotor driven by bidirectional electronic speed controllers
Authors: Xu Lihao , Cai Zhiduan , Wang Yuling
Published: August 2024

In this paper, a dynamic quadrotor unmanned aircraft vehicle driven by bidirectional electronic speed controllers is proposed to enhance maneuverability. Bidirectional electronic speed controllers are applied to achieve rapid deceleration or the inversion of motors during flight, thus compensating the maneuverability defects of underactuated system. Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controllers are applied to attain control stability. And an exclusive control allocation matrix with direction symbols to match with bidirectional electronic speed controllers is proposed to achieve the mapping from thrust and torque to motor speed. Simulations are conducted, and it is demonstrated that the quadrotor with bidirectional electronic speed controllers attains rapidity and accuracy in attitude and position tracking.
Space solar power generation: a viable system proposal
and technoeconomic analysis
Authors: Mizrahi Oren , Jahelka Phillip , Gdoutos Eleftherios , Brunet Jesse , Ayling Alex , Fikes Austin , Wu Ailec , Madonna Richard , Atwater Harry , Pellegrino Sergio , Hajimiri Ali
Published: August 2024

This paper presents a distributed space solar power generation and transmission system that converts solar insolation into microwave power and beams it to Earth. This system, composed of a power station of large, close-flying modules residing in Geostationary Orbit, can form dynamically programmable focal points on Earth to provide dispatchable power on demand. Modules are composed of flexible phased array sheets hosting a self-synchronizing network of integrated circuits and antennas which convert DC power from photovoltaic cells into radiated RF energy. The sheets are coiled into a compact payload, launched, and deployed in orbit. Presented herein is a detailed technoeconomic analysis of the proposed system, with investigations into such areas as mass, cost to produce and launch, and a levelized cost of energy (LCOE). This analysis demonstrates that the proposed 10GHz system can generate dispatchable power on the ground at 6.641c/kWh---competitive with the cheapest clean energy sources available today.
An axiomatic production model for circular directional indirect network technologies with undesirable output production and relational NDEA models
Authors: Pinto Claudio
Published: August 2024

In the production economics, the behavior’s assumptions on the production’s unit with production of final undesirable output can be very numerous. For example, it is possible to assume the simple maximization of revenues as well as assuming maximization of revenues net of costs generated by undesirable outputs. Alternatively, it is possible to assume simple minimizing costs or assuming minimizing costs added by those generated by undesirable outputs. Yet, it is possible to assume simple maximizing profits or assuming maximizing profits net of costs generated by undesirable outputs. As well as it is possible to assume the simple minimization of inputs, or minimization of undesirable outputs or the maximization of desirable final outputs as well as their combinations. Therefore, we will have many ways to build an optimization models. The behavior’s assumptions can be technologically and economically constrained. Among these latter, budgetary constraints and revenue targets are the more common. However, models may also take into account other types of constraints, such as those that model the laws of governing the production of undesirable outputs and/or those that model their relationships with other outputs and inputs (as is the case with the constraint of material balance). In addition models can have constraints on the circularity of a subset of outputs (intermediate or final), or constraints on free availability or not of a subset of intermediate outputs and inputs and so on. In this paper, we will present an axiomatic production model for an interconnected linear DEA technology with final reversed outputs (mainly undesirable) subject to three different types of economic constraints. Then we will build optimization models exploiting the network data envelopment analysis approach. One solved the NDEA models we will use the optimal solutions for the calculation of economic quantities such as shadow price of undesirable output. To build our NDEA models we will exploit the duality relationship between indirect technological set, indirect directional distance functions and indirect profit functions.
Discovery and Quantification of Long-Range RNA Base Pairs in Coronavirus Genomes with SEARCH-MaP and SEISMIC-RNA
Authors: Rouskin Silvi , Allan Matthew , Aruda Justin , Plung Jesse , Grote Scott , Martin Yves , de Lajarte Albéric , Bathe Mark
Published: August 2024

RNA molecules perform a diversity of essential functions for which their linear sequences must fold into higher-order structures. Techniques including crystallography and cryogenic electron microscopy have revealed 3D structures of ribosomal, transfer, and other well-structured RNAs; while chemical probing with sequencing facilitates secondary structure modeling of any RNAs of interest, even within cells. Ongoing efforts continue increasing the accuracy, resolution, and ability to distinguish coexisting alternative structures. However, no method can discover and quantify alternative structures with base pairs spanning arbitrarily long distances – an obstacle for studying viral, messenger, and long noncoding RNAs, which may form long-range base pairs.

Here, we introduce the method of Structure Ensemble Ablation by Reverse Complement Hybridization with Mutational Profiling (SEARCH-MaP) and software for Structure Ensemble Inference by Sequencing, Mutation Identification, and Clustering of RNA (SEISMIC-RNA). We use SEARCH-MaP and SEISMIC-RNA to discover that the frameshift stimulating element of SARS coronavirus 2 base-pairs with another element 1 kilobase downstream in nearly half of RNA molecules, and that this structure competes with a pseudoknot that stimulates ribosomal frameshifting. Moreover, we identify long-range base pairs involving the frameshift stimulating element in other coronaviruses including SARS coronavirus 1 and transmissible gastroenteritis virus, and model the full genomic secondary structure of the latter. These findings suggest that long-range base pairs are common in coronaviruses and may regulate ribosomal frameshifting, which is essential for viral RNA synthesis. We anticipate that SEARCH-MaP will enable solving many RNA structure ensembles that have eluded characterization, thereby enhancing our general understanding of RNA structures and their functions. SEISMIC-RNA, software for analyzing mutational profiling data at any scale, could power future studies on RNA structure and is available on GitHub and the Python Package Index.
Effects of Azolla (Azolla pinnata) biofertilizer on soil nitrogen mineralization in soils collected from Hawassa Zuria and Wondo Genet Districts Incubated under laboratory conditions
Authors: Alemayehu Habtamu , Haile Wassie
Published: August 2024

Knowledge of soil nitrogen (N) mineralization in response to different amendments is crucial for improving the efficiency of N use and improving crop productivity. The present study aimed to determine the effects of Azolla pinnata biofertilizer on soil N mineralization under laboratory conditions. The experiment was carried out in the soil laboratory of the College of Agriculture at Hawassa University. Soil samples were collected from the Hawassa Zuria and Wondo Genet districts and then incubated for 56 days at a room temperature of 25°C. Four levels of Azolla pinnata biofertilizer (0, 15, 30, and 45 g kg− 1) and eight incubation periods (0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 42, 49, and 56 days) were arranged in a factorial order and laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. The total available NH4+-N and NO3−-N were determined every seventh day following standard laboratory methods. The results of this study revealed highly significant interactions (P < 0.01) between the effects of the Azolla biofertilizer concentration and the incubation period under laboratory conditions on the total mineralized N, NH4+ and NO3−. The maximum mineralization of N occurred after 42 days of incubation with 45 g kg− 1 Azolla pinnata biofertilizer in soils from both locations (Hawassa Zuria and Wondo Genet). The highest total mineralized N was recorded after 42 days of incubation (39.88 and 48.57 mg kg− 1 soil, respectively). However, the lowest total mineral N content was obtained from the control group. Nitrogen mineralization varied significantly between treatments (P < 0.01 or P < 0.001). Using Azolla pinnata as a biofertilizer significantly increased the mineralization rate of N in the soil, potentially reducing the need for inorganic N fertilizer. By studying Azolla pinnata biofertilizers, researchers can estimate mineralization during incubation, crop nutrient availability, and optimal timing. Field research is necessary to validate these laboratory findings and provide sound recommendations.
A multi attribute decision making framework based on partitioned dual Maclaurin symmetric mean operators under Fermatean fuzzy environment
Authors: Roy Susmita
Published: August 2024

In information aggregation, a typical averaging mean called the partitioned dual Maclaurin symmetric mean (PDMSM) operator has drawn a lot of interest. All attributes are categorized into many partitions as a precondition for PDMSM, and attributes inside a partition are pertinent to other characteristics within the same group, whereas attributes situated in various groups are unrelated. On the other hand, no research on the partitioned dual MSM operator under Fermatean fuzzy set has yet been published. To bridge this gap, this study develops the FFPDMSM and FFWPDMSM operators with respect to FFNs and proposes a multi attribute decision making (MADM) framework employing PDMSM operator in Fermatean fuzzy environment. In the interim, a few theorems, properties and specific instances of the FFPDMSM and FFWPDMSM operators of FFNs have been examined. Lastly, a realistic numerical illustration is demonstrated to validate the proposed approach and to carry the sensitivity and comparative analysis.
A bibliometric analysis of agroecological practices: trends, impacts, and future directions
Authors: Chimi Pierre Marie , Fobane Jean Louis , Onguene Ecclésiaste Marien Ambombo , Nkoué Baruch Batamack , Kamdem Michele Elodie Kouoguem , Pokam Eusebe Ydelphonse Nyonce , Djoumbi Bienvenu Léonnel Tchonang , Yonga Guillaine , Dikoume Angele Marie Ngon , Abdel Karimou Ngamsou , Mala Armand William
Published: August 2024

Agroecological practices play a vital role in sustainable agriculture. They enhance biodiversity, improve soil health, and reduce reliance on chemical inputs, all while bolstering resilience to climate change. By promoting diverse cropping systems and engaging local communities, agroecology ensures economic viability while adapting to specific ecological contexts. This comprehensive bibliometric study, spanning from 1981 to 2024, delves into the scientific landscape of agroecological practices within the context of sustainable agriculture. It scrutinizes influential works, emerging trends, and key themes across 376 publications. Employing bibliometric techniques like co-word map analysis and network visualization, the study uncovers clusters of research topics - ranging from adoption and application to sustainable agriculture and review. Notably, it reveals the interconnectedness of concepts related to agroecology, shedding light on essential areas of interest. Furthermore, the study traces the evolution of research interests over time and identifies promising avenues for future exploration. Policymakers can leverage this insightful map to inform strategic decisions and foster collaborative efforts in agroecological research.
The Geological History of Water: From Earth’s Accretion to the Modern Deep Water Cycle
Authors: Rüpke Lars , Gaillard Fabrice
Published: August 2024

The abundance of water on Earth and its distribution between surficial and deep reservoirs are the outcome of 4.6 billion years of geological history involving various mechanisms of water in and outgassing. Here, we use the metaphor of a pipeline connecting Earth’s deep and surface water reservoirs. The net flux through this pipeline has changed over time due to contrasting Hadean, Archean, and modern geodynamic regimes. Most water was dissolved in the primordial magma ocean, entrapped in the solidifying mantle, and massively released by volcanism during the Hadean and Archaean. As Earth cooled, plate tectonics enabled water ingassing into the mantle, which appears to exceed outgassing under the modern tectonic regime, implying that Earth’s surface has been drying out and will continue to do so.
Comparison of gamithromycin post-treatment intervals for beef cattle naturally affected with bovine respiratory disease
Authors: Theurer Miles E. , Fox J. Trent , Portillo Tom A. , Meyer Nathan F. , Ensley Douglas T. , Renter David G.
Published: August 2024

The primary objective of this study was to compare different gamithromycin post-treatment intervals (PTI) on clinical health outcomes in cattle naturally affected with bovine respiratory disease (BRD). Eight hundred cattle identified with BRD by pen riders, rectal temperature ≥ 104.0°F (≥ 40°C), and no previous treatments were randomized in a 1:1:1:1 ratio to 3-, 6-, 9-, or 12-day PTI within each lot. Cattle treated for BRD were returned to their home pen, and followed for 60 days (d) to monitor subsequent health outcomes. Cattle were categorized by type (dairy-beef or native). General and generalized linear mixed models were used for statistical analyses. First treatment success (P = 0.012) and BRD case fatality risk (P = 0.032) were different among PTI groups. The 9-d PTI group had the greatest first treatment success, which was different (P = 0.008) than the 3-d PTI. The 12-d PTI group had the poorest BRD case fatality risk, which was different (P = 0.071) than the 9-d PTI group. There were no significant differences between the 6- and the 9-d PTI groups. Dairy-beef cattle had an approximately 2-fold higher BRD case fatality risk (P = 0.012) than natives. Results will help practitioners to optimally use gamithromycin in the field.
Metaphylaxis with tildipirosin did not inhibit effectiveness of an experimental monovalent vaccine of live, attenuated Mannheimia haemolytica administered intranasally to dairy calves
Authors: Nordstrom Scott , Bolton Michael , Hill Kevin , Parks Tim , Vaidyanathan Mani , Vertenten Geert , Lechtenberg Kelly
Published: August 2024

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of tildipirosin on the efficacy of a concurrently administered experimental vaccine against Mannheimia haemolytica. The experimental vaccine was developed for intranasal (IN) administration and contained the same live, attenuated, streptomycin-dependent Mannheimia haemolytica, at the same titer as in commercial product(s). Eighty-eight 14-week-old Holstein or Holstein-cross male calves from a single source were randomly assigned (using a 2 x 2 factorial design) to 1 of 4 treatment groups (22 head per group) as follows: 1) experimental vaccine (VAX) (IN); 2) VAX (IN) + tildipirosin subcutaneously (SC); 3) placebo vaccine (PLBO) (IN) as negative control; and 4) PLBO (IN) + tildipirosin (SC). Seventy days after enrollment, 84 calves were challenged with virulent M. haemolytica. Clinical assessment of each calf was recorded daily after challenge. There was no significant (P > 0.05) effect of any experimental treatment on clinical signs. Seven days after challenge, the calves were euthanized, a percent lung lesion score (LLS) was assigned to each, and samples of lung were submitted for isolation of M. haemolytica. There was no significant (P = 0.51) effect of tildipirosin on LLS for calves vaccinated with VAX or those vaccinated with PLBO; however, VAX resulted in significantly (P = 0.046) lower LLS. Under the conditions of this study, concurrent administration of tildipirosin and IN live, attenuated, streptomycin-dependent M. haemolytica vaccine with the same antigen as used in this study did not interfere with the efficacy of the vaccine.
Bovine Practitioner Vol. 42, No. 2 (Summer 2008). Front matter
Authors: Bovine Practitioners American Association of
Published: August 2024

Cover, Masthead, Table of Contents, and other editorial information.
Bovine Practitioner Vol. 47, No. 2 (Summer 2013). Front Matter
Authors: Bovine Practitioners American Association of
Published: August 2024

Cover, Masthead, Table of Contents, and other editorial information.
Bovine Practitioner Vol. 43, No. 2 (2009 Summer). Front matter
Authors: American Association of Bovine Practioners
Published: August 2024

Cover, masthead, table of contents, and other editorial information.
Bovine Practitioner Vol. 45, No. 1 (2011 Spring). Front matter
Authors: American Association of Bovine Practioners
Published: August 2024

Cover, masthead, table of contents, and other editorial information.
Bovine Practitioner Vol. 48, No. 1 (2014 Spring). Front matter
Authors: American Association of Bovine Practioners
Published: August 2024

Cover, masthead, table of contents, and other editorial information.
AABP Association and Conference News
Authors: American Association of Bovine Practioners
Published: August 2024

Description and highlights of the 47th Annual Convention American Association of Bovine Practitioners (2014) and information about officers, district news, events, awards, and other news.
Bovine Practitioner Vol. 49, No. 2 (2015 Summer). Front matter
Authors: American Association of Bovine Practioners
Published: August 2024

Cover, masthead, table of contents, and other editorial information.
Bovine Practitioner Vol. 53, No. 1 (2019 Spring). Frontmatter
Authors: Bovine Practitioners American Association of
Published: August 2024

Cover, Masthead, Table of Contents, and other editorial information.
Bovine Practitioner Vol. 54, No. 2 (2020). Front matter
Authors: Bovine Practitioners American Association of
Published: August 2024

Cover, Masthead, Table of Contents, and other editorial information.
Bovine Practitioner Vol. 55, No. 2 (2021). Front Matter
Authors: American Association of Bovine Practitioners
Published: August 2024

Cover, Masthead, Table of Contents, Advertisements, Letter from the Editor, and other editorial information.
Bovine Practitioner Vol. 56, No. 2 (2022). Back Matter
Authors: Practitioner Bovine
Published: August 2024

Back matter, advertisements
Bovine Practitioner Vol. 57, No. 2 (2023). Back Matter
Authors: Gingrich II K. Fred
Published: August 2024

Adverstisements.
Volume 57 No 2 Front Matter
Authors: Gingrich II K. Fred
Published: August 2024

Front Matter, 2023 Editorial Review Board, Table of Contents, Advertisers Index
Virbac Tenotryl and Tullisin 100 Advertisement
Authors: Gingrich II K. Fred
Published: August 2024

Virbac Tenotryl and Tullisin 100 Advertisement
Boehringer Ingelheim LongRange Advertisement
Authors: Gingrich II K. Fred
Published: August 2024

Boehringer Ingelheim LongRange Advertisement
Boehringer Ingelheim Udder Health 360 Coverage Advertisement
Authors: Gingrich II K. Fred
Published: August 2024

Boehringer Ingelheim Udder Health 360 Coverage Advertisement
Virbac
Authors: Gingrich II K. Fred
Published: August 2024

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Addison Biological Laboratories Moraxella bovoculi bacterin
Authors: Gingrich II K. Fred
Published: August 2024

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Sequência Interdisciplinar: uma visão fundamentada na Teoria da Atividade
Authors: Silva Maria Vitória Santos da , Santana Eurivalda Ribeiro dos Santos , Santana José Erliton Santos , Guimarães Márcia Alessandra Souza
Published: August 2024

Os assuntos relacionados à sociedade requerem que os seus cidadãos adotem diversas abordagens de pensamento, promovendo uma visão plural e um posicionamento crítico diante os desafios contemporâneos. Nesse contexto, os residentes do Programa de Residência Pedagógica da área de Matemática da Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, juntamente com a escola parceira do projeto, propuseram a elaboração de uma sequência de ensino. Para a metodologia da sequência de ensino, intitulada “Trabalhando a pesquisa estatística junto a sociedade e economia”, utilizou-se das ideias de interdisciplinaridade de Vanessa Tomaz, e da estrutura do Ciclo Investigativo de Wild e Pfannkuch. O objetivo deste estudo é analisar a elaboração de uma sequência de ensino com foco nos sistemas de atividades. O aporte teórico utilizado para a análise foi a Teoria da Atividade, baseada nas ideias de sistemas de atividade humana de Yrjö Engeström. Os resultados apontam que a sequência de ensino, como um sistema de atividades, tem o potencial de promover reflexões sobre a disparidade salarial entre gêneros no Brasil. Além disso, pode ser promotora de um ensino interdisciplinar e contextualizado.
Palavras-chave: Instrumento; Interdisciplinaridade; Sequência de ensino; Ciclo Investigativo.
Gamificação no Ensino de Matemática: análise das contribuições do Recurso Educacional Digital 'Ilha das Operações' para a aprendizagem
Authors: Ferreira Dayany Barros , Souza Danilo do Carmo de , Castro Filho José Aires , Castro Juscileide Braga de
Published: August 2024

A utilização de Recursos Educacionais Digitais (RED) gamificados é uma oportunidade promissora para envolver os alunos em desafios lúdicos e favorecer o aprendizado em Matemática. Este estudo objetiva apresentar a utilização do Recurso Educacional Digital (RED) “Ilha das operações: em busca das pedras Somartius e Subtratius” por uma professora  e 4 estudantes do 1⁠º ano do ensino fundamental de uma escola pública. A pesquisa, com abordagem qualitativa, é resultado de uma formação com professores da rede pública municipal de Fortaleza. Os resultados demonstraram que o RED permitiu que os alunos explorassem as operações de adição e subtração de forma lúdica e estimulante. Embora a falta de áudio tenha sido um desafio para os alunos mais jovens, a base formativa da professora e o suporte técnico garantiram o alcance da aprendizagem. O estudo destaca a importância da gamificação e da adaptação de abordagens pedagógicas, bem como sublinha o papel crucial da formação docente na utilização de tecnologias digitais. A pesquisa contribui para um ensino que promova o aprendizado ativo dos alunos em Matemática.
Os Serviços Tributários Fornecidos pelo Auditor influenciam as Taxas Efetivas de Tributos de Longo Prazo? Novas Evidências
Authors: Freitas Sheizi Calheira , Santos Luis Paulo Guimarães , Dias Filho Jose Maria , Andrade Aline Mendonça de
Published: August 2024

A pesquisa investigou a associação temporal entre o investimento em serviços tributários fornecidos pelo auditor titular (APTS) e a taxa efetiva de tributo sobre o lucro corporativo (ETR) de longo prazo. Para tanto, utilizamos abordagem de dados em painel (estático e dinâmico), análise quantílica e de modelos não lineares e não paramétrico para analisar a relação entre ETR e APTS a partir de dados públicos de uma amostra de empresas listadas na Bolsa de Valores de São Paulo (B3) no período de 2013 a 2020. De forma geral, nossos resultados sugerem que a ETR de longo prazo varia negativamente em função do aumento no valor dos investimentos em APTS. Nossa análise considerou uma série de controles previstos pela literatura e é robusta quando se aplicam distintas especificações econométricas e formas alternativas de cálculo de APTS e ETR. Adicionalmente, descobrimos que as observações empresa-ano abaixo/acima da mediana da ETR apresentam associação estatisticamente positiva/negativa com os APTS, identificamos o ponto a partir do qual a relação positiva passa a ser negativa e documentamos alguma evidência de não linearidade na relação entre ETR de longo prazo e APTS. Nossos resultados contribuem para ampliar a literatura sobre os determinantes da variação das ETRs de longo prazo, os estudos que investigam o papel do auditor nas estratégias tributárias corporativas e podem interessar aos membros de comitês de auditoria, ao considerarem os custos e benefícios do investimento em APTS, às autoridades fiscais, acionistas e órgãos reguladores interessados em entender como os APTS influenciam a capacidade das empresas evitar o pagamento de tributos a longo prazo por meio da redução da ETR, além de oferecer subsídios para o debate em andamento sobre a regulação dos serviços não relacionados à auditoria que podem ser fornecidos pelo auditor titular.
Theory of universal diode effect in three-terminal Josephson junctions
Authors: Huamani Correa Jorge Luis , Nowak Michal P.
Published: August 2024

We theoretically study the superconducting diode effect in a three-terminal Josephson junction. The diode effect in superconducting systems is typically related to the presence of a difference in the critical currents for currents flowing in the opposite direction. We show that in multi-terminal systems this effect occurs naturally without the need of the presence of any spin interactions and is a result of the presence of a relative shift between the Andreev bound states carrying the supercurrent. On an example of a three-terminal junction, we demonstrate that the non-reciprocal current in one of the superconducting contacts can be induced by proper phase biasing of the other contacts, provided that there are at least two Andreev bound states in the system and the symmetry of the system is broken. This result is confirmed in numerical models describing the junctions in both the short- and long-regime. By optimizing the geometry of the junction, we show that the efficiency of the realized superconducting diode exceeds 35%. We relate our predictions to recent experiments on multi-terminal junctions, in which non-reciprocal supercurrents were observed.
PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS OF PEANUT CURD VIA NATURAL FERMENTATION USING GREEN CHILIES (CAPSICUM ANNUM)
Authors:   School of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics D.Y.Patil Deemed to be University, Navi Mumbai, CBD Belapur., Nayak Nishitta , Bhat Manish ,   Assistant Professor, School of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics D.Y. Patil Deemed to be University, Navi Mumbai.
Published: August 2024

Plant-based fermented milk alternatives, derived from seeds, nuts, or milk analogs, are gaining popularity due to sustainability, health consciousness, and dietary preferences. Increasing allergies and lactose intolerance associated with animal-based milk contribute to the shift towards non-dairy alternatives, fueling innovation in new products from nuts, seeds, or beans. Fermented options, such as peanut curd, are particularly favored by those managing lactose intolerance. Peanut milk and its fermented derivative, peanut curd, were prepared using methods including curdling with green chilies, cow curd, and buffalo curd. Titratable acidity analysis revealed variations, with the cow curd-inoculated sample exhibiting higher acidity at 4.52 g/L. pH dynamics during fermentation illustrated a gradual decrease, with the chili-fermented peanut curd showing a pH drop from 6 to 3.5. Colony Forming Unit values increased over fermentation, with cow curd inoculum rising from 7.36Ã—10^6 to 11.52Ã—10^6 CFU/ml. Antibacterial activity varied, with cow curd-inoculated peanut curd displaying superior efficacy, particularly against Shigella, showing a 13mm inhibition zone. Antioxidant activity was notable, with chili-fermented peanut curd showing the highest RSA at 80.7%. Sensory analysis highlighted differences in taste, flavor, and texture, with chili-fermented curd scoring highest in overall acceptance. These findings contribute to understanding the chemical and microbial transformations in peanut curd, showcasing its potential as a functional and diverse plant-based product.
ADVANCEMENTS IN DEFLUORIDATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR SAFE DRINKING WATER: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW
Authors:   M.Tech. Student at VNIT Nagpur, India., Gajanan Khadse Ameya
Published: August 2024

Higher fluoride concentrations in groundwater have been reported in more than 20 developed and developing countries.In the quest for ensuring safe drinking water, the removal of fluoride has emerged as a critical concern globally. This comprehensive review paper delves into the realm of defluoridation technologies, exploring a myriad of methods employed to mitigate excess fluoride levels in water sources. By meticulously examining traditional techniques alongside cutting-edge advancements, this paper provides a detailed analysis of the evolution of defluoridation technologies. From adsorption processes to membrane technologies and electrocoagulation methods, diverse array of approaches are scrutinized for their efficacy in addressing the pressing issue of fluorosis. Through a systematic evaluation of the strengths and limitations of each technology, this review aims to offer valuable insights into the current landscape of defluoridation methodologies. By synthesizing existing knowledge with recent innovations, this paper highlights the progress made in combating fluoride contamination and also underscores the ongoing need for continuous research and development in this crucial field. It has been concluded that the selection of treatment process should be site-specific as per local needs and prevailing conditions as each technology has some limitations and no one process can serve the purpose in diverse conditions.
DELAYED PRESENTATION OF A TRAUMATIC ESOPHAGEALPERFORATION& THE PHYSICAL AS WELL AS MENTAL BURDENASSOCIATED WITH IT
Authors: Girotra Kapoor Aisvarya
Published: August 2024

Esophageal perforations are an uncommon entity with an incidence of 3.1 per 1,000,000 per year in the USA. (1).There are numerous causes of esophageal perforations, the commonest ones being iatrogenic (those that occur secondary to esophageal instrumentation - endoscopy or post surgical repairs)and spontaneous(Boerhaave Syndrome). Among all esophageal perforations, the reported incidence of traumatic esophageal rupture varies from 4% to 14%. (2), (3).Esophageal injury following blunt chest trauma is extremely rare (up to 0.1%). (4)Hence , we present a case of a middle aged male who presented to our emergency department withhistory of progressively worseningleft sided chest pain, shortness of breath and lethargy since last 5 days. Chest Xray revealed a large left sided suspected hemo/hydropneumothorax for which an Intercostal drain was placed but a large amount of frank purulent discharge was drainedinstead of the anticipated blood/fluid. On further probing , patientrevealed history of blunt trauma to chest12 days priordue to a road traffic accident. The finding of empyema warranted urgent further evaluation. Hence a contrast Computed Tomography scan of the chest was done which revealed an intrathoracic esophageal perforation communicating to the left pleural space. This is a rare and interesting case for a few reasons Anesophageal perforation secondary to blunt chest trauma is a rare entity, this patientpresented to us after almost 2 weeks of trauma and the presenting symptoms led us to makea differential diagnosis of a post traumatic hydro/hemothorax vs an infected hydropneumothorax / empyema (? Tubercular). Hence, thorough history takingenabled us to take a quick and calculated step to rule inesophageal perforation.
ORAL DISINTEGRANTING TABLETS: AN OVERVIEW
Authors:   Dept. of Pharmaceutics, CMR College of Pharmacy, Hyderabad, Telangana, India., Rama Rao T. , Anila S. ,   Dept. of Pharmaceutics, CMR College of Pharmacy, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
Published: August 2024

Especially for patients who have dysphagia or difficulty swallowing, oral disintegrating tablets (ODTs) have developed as a novel dosage form to address a number of issues related to traditional solid dosage forms. An overview of the formulation techniques, assessment criteria, and uses of ODTs in pharmaceutical research are given in this study. In order to accomplish quick disintegration and dissolution of the tablet matrix upon contact with saliva, formulation processes such as sublimation, lyophilization, and direct compression have been thoroughly investigated. When evaluating the quality qualities of ODTs, evaluation metrics such as drug content homogeneity, hardness, friability, and disintegration time are essential. To improve patient acceptance and palatability, superdisintegrants and a variety of taste-masking techniques have been used. Furthermore, ODTs adaptability goes beyond traditional oral administration they may be used for emergency and travel medicine, as well as in paediatric and geriatric populations. All things considered, ODTs present a viable platform for enhancing patient convenience and compliance, which maximises therapeutic results. ODTs provide a number of benefits, such as improved patient compliance, simplicity of administration, and greater bioavailability because of their quick dissolving and larger surface area. To sum up, oral disintegrating tablets offer a potentially effective option for individuals who need readily administrable and comfortable dose forms. ODTs will be further optimised by ongoing research and development into manufacturing and formulation processes, increasing their applicability to a wider range of patient demographics and therapeutic areas.
COLONIAL MIZORAM: FOREST PRODUCE AND FARMING METHODS
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of History, Govt. J. Thankima College, Aizawl, Mizoram., Vanlalruati C. , a Zarzoliana ,   Associate Professor, Department of Geography, Govt. Hrangbana College, Aizawl, Mizoram., V.L. Thlanga Samuel ,   Associate Professor, Department of History, Govt. Aizawl West College, Aizawl, Mizoram.
Published: August 2024

Frequent raids of areas that the Lushais claimed as their hunting grounds occupied by the British culminated to the creation of the Lushai Hills district under the British rule. Maintenance of public order being the prime concerned, policies relating to forests and fields were sparse allowing traditional patterns of livelihoods to continue almost unchanged. The demand for forest produce was only outside the District as there was no local industries or enterprises that needed raw materials. Trade in forest produce and traders, however, were introduced in this period. Trade permits were issued, Mahal awarded for extraction along the river banks, and minor forest produce were covered by permit and Royalty was collected. Difficult terrain, poor transportation system and shortage of labour were impediments to timber trade. Lack of supervision and management practices rendered the timber traders a free hand, leading to unsystematic felling of trees and damage to productive potential of forest resources. Mizos continued to depend on jhums and local forest resources for livelihood during the whole period of colonial rule. Training of inhabitants to hunt for financial prizes by officials led to the extinction of a number of species. The calls for conservation and forestation was not effective as it was perceived that the hills and jhums land replenished quickly causing no discernible negative impact.
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PATTERN OF SUPRACONDYLAR FRACTURES IN PEDIATRIC AGE GROUPS AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL BKMC SWABI
Authors:   Trainee Medical Officer, Department of General Surgery Bacha Khan Medical Complex Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan., Khan Hamza , Rukh Gul ,   House Officer, Bacha Khan Medical Complex Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan., Fahad Shah ,   Trainee Medical Officer, Department of Orthopedics Lady Reading Hospital, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan., e Ramzan Shah ,   Demonstrator, Department of Community Medicine, Gajju Khan Medical College, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan., Gul Muhammad Sufyan Mian ,   Demonstrator, Department of Community Medicine, Gajju Khan Medical College, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan., Ahmad Khan Shehryar ,   Medical Officer, Bacha Khan Medical Complex Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Published: August 2024

Background: Supracondylar fractures are common among pediatric patients and often necessitate surgical intervention. Understanding the demographics, fracture types, and management approaches is crucial for optimizing patient outcomes. This study aimed to contribute to the existing body of knowledge by investigating various epidemiological factors and treatments for supracondylar fractures in pediatric patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on pediatric patients with supracondylar fractures presenting to MTI-BKMC Swabi Pakistan, focusing on demographic data, fracture classifications, management strategies, and treatment outcomes. The study utilized data from patient records and imaging reports. Results:Among the 155 pediatric patients, thefindings indicate that the majority of supracondylar fractures occurred in patients aged 4-6 years, with a predominance of right-handed individuals. Extension-type fractures were most prevalent, and the Gartland-type distribution of these fractures closely mirrored previous research. The management of these fractures predominantly involved closed reduction and percutaneous pinning, aligning with established treatment modalities. Notably, the present study revealed a greater incidence of open fractures than was typically reported, and the influence of delayed treatment on long-term complication rates differed from that of previous studies. Conclusion:This study provides valuable insights into the demographic characteristics, fracture types, and management approaches for pediatric supracondylar fractures. While the findings are informative, the study is not without limitations, including its single-center nature and relatively small sample size. Further research encompassing larger and more diverse cohorts is warranted to enhance the generalizability and robustness of the results.
COEXISTENCE OF GOLDENHAR SYNDROME WITH JUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS: A CAUSAL LINK OR MERE COINCIDENCE?
Authors:   Department of Pediatric, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Oujda, University Mohammed First Oujda, Morocco., Lamouri Inasse , El Ouali Aziza ,   Department of Pediatric, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Oujda, University Mohammed First Oujda, Morocco., Anane Sara ,   Department of Pediatric, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Oujda, University Mohammed First Oujda, Morocco., Kamaoui Imane ,   Department of Radiology, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Oujda, Morocco., Rkain Maria ,   Department of Pediatric, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Oujda, University Mohammed First Oujda, Morocco., Babakhouya Abdeladim ,   Department of Pediatric, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Oujda, University Mohammed First Oujda, Morocco.
Published: August 2024

Goldenhar syndrome, a rare congenital anomaly primarily affecting the face, external ear and vertebrae, and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), a chronic inflammatory disease in children under 16, represent distinct and uncommon clinical entities. We report the case of a five-and-a-half-year-old girl, with a history of treated congenital hip dislocation, admitted for persistent joint pain for over 6 months, affecting both knees, wrists and ankles with inflammatory signs without associated visceral manifestations. Clinical examination revealed a dysmorphic facies characteristic of Goldenhar syndrome, including facial asymmetry with mandibular hypoplasia, auricular anomalies such as a bilateral pre-tracheal appendix, an acrochordon on the right cheek, a pre-auricular sinus, microtia, and a closed right external auditory canal. A lumbar scoliosis was also identified on dorsolumbar spine imaging, with a CT scan of the rock that objectified an imperforation of the right external auditory canal and lack of visualization of the tympanic membrane, consolidating the diagnosis of Goldenhar syndrome.Biologically, the patient presented with inflammatory anemia with a moderate inflammatory syndrome, as well as hypergammaglobulinemia detected by protein electrophoresis. Tests for antinuclear antibodies and rheumatoid factor were negative (15 IU/mL). X-rays of the affected joints were taken, and the diagnosis of Idiopathic Juvenile Arthritis was retained after eliminating all differential diagnoses. This unusual coexistence raises complex diagnostic and therapeutic challenges, requiring a multidisciplinary approach and ongoing surveillance for comprehensive management.
KNOWLEDGE ATTITUDES AND PRACTICES OF FASTING IN PREGNANCY
Authors:   PG Student, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Smt., Wadafale Vaishnavi , Ghoghare Shweta ,   KashibaiNavale Medical College and General Hospital, Pune., Ingole Sonali ,   Associate Professor Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Smt. KashibaiNavale Medical College and General Hospital, Pune.
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Fasting during pregnancy has always considered a debatable condition. During pregnancy ,adequate nuitrition is essential to support fetal Growth and Development .Fasting which involves prolonged peroids of reduced or no food intake has been practice for various reasons, including religious observances and weight management. The physiological metabolic changes that occur during fasting may potentially affect the well being of both the mother and the developing fetus. This paper explores the existing literature to evaluate Knowledge and Attitude about fasting practices among pregnant women Materials and Method: It is a cross sectional study , conducted at Kashibai Navale Medical and General Hospital . Total 300 Pregnant women attending ANC OPD were invited to join study and if agreed, signed written informed consent . The Question related to knowledge , attitude and practices were asked to pregnant women who are interested. Data collection done using self administered Questionnaire Discussion: According to Saro s Thai Muslim study 87.1% fast during pregnancy. In our study 24% pregnant women fast during pregnancy. -While study in Pakistan show -43% women observe fasting for 21-30 days, whereas in our study 25% observe fast once in a week. -In Saro s Thai Muslim study- 49.6% pregnant women think that fasting should not be practiced during pregnancy, while in our study 74% pregnant women think fasting should not be practiced during pregnancy. -Study in Pakistan -41% pregnant women think that fasting might harm their fetus, while in our study 65% pregnant women think that fasting might harm their fetus. -In other study 16% pregnant women think fasting during pregnancy causes adverse outcome, in our study 70% pregnant women think pregnancy will cause adverse outcome. -Pregnant women with age more than 35 , uneducated women tend to fast more which is similar in our study. Conclusion: In this study, it shows that lesser proportion of pregnant women observe fast during pregnancy and most pregnant women are aware about the adverse outcomes of fasting during pregnancy. This study shows that majority of pregnant women fast due to religious belief. However, the study on health effects of fasting in pregnancy outcome are still unclear, it is important for health care providers to be aware of potential risk that may be associated with fasting during pregnancy.
RESPIRATORY DISEASES IN CHILDREN- ORAL FINDINGS AND DENTAL TREATMENT APPROACHES
Authors: Datta Sujata , Jawa Deepti , Jaidka Shipra , a Shikha , Ashraf Batha Ashjan , Gupta Madhuri
Published: August 2024

Respiratory disease/condition is a medical term that encompasses pathological conditions affecting the organs and tissues that make gas exchange possible in the body. The most common respiratory disease which a pediatric dentist generally seen in practice is bronchial asthma ,cystic fibrosis,tuberculosis etc.Dental work occur close to the airways, and dental environments processes and setup also contribute to respiratory diseases.The management on the dental chair for this patient is different from the normal patient.Asthma affects about 1 in 10 children.The condition is characterized by acute respiratory distress and treated with medications aimed to reduce reaction to stimulants by the airway.Dental management involves attention to the status of the patient and awareness of stimulants of the reactive airway. Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disorder that effects epithelial cells of the respiratory,gastrointestinal and reproductive tracts leading to abnormal exocrine gland secretion.Management includes treatment of bronchial inflammation and infection. At Dental operatory patient should be treated under regulated temperature and others precaution .In this article ,common oral findings related to respiratory diseases will be discussed and the precautions and treatment approaches of dentist will be mentioned.