bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DNA Barcoding Silver Butter Catfish (Schilbe intermedius) Reveals Patterns of Mitochondrial Genetic Diversity Across African River Systems
Authors: Nneji Lotanna M. , Adeola Adeniyi C. , Mustapha Moshood K. , Oladipo Segun O. , Djagoun Chabi A. M. S. , Nneji Ifeanyi C. , Adedeji Babatunde E. , Olatunde Omotoso , Ayoola Adeola O. , Okeyoyin Agboola O. , Ikhimiukor Odion O. , Useni Galadima F. , Iyiola Oluyinka A. , Faturoti Emmanuel O. , Matouke Moise M. , Ndifor Wanze K. , Wang Yun-yu , Chen Jing , Wang Wen-Zhi , Kachi Jolly B. , Ugwumba Obih A. , Ugwumba Adiaha A. A. , Nwani Christopher D.
Published: April 2020

The silver butter catfish (Schilbe intermedius) is widely distributed across African river systems. To date, information on its mitochondrial genetic diversity, population structure, and historical demography are not well-established. Herein, we combined newly generated mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase (COI) subunit I gene sequences with previously published COI sequences in the global databases to reconstruct its phylogeography, population genetic structure, and historical demography. Results from the mtDNA phylogeography and species delimitation tests (Cluster algorithm – Species Identifier, Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery and Poison Tree Process model) revealed that S. intermedius comprises at least seven geographically defined matrilines. Although the overall haplotype diversity of S. intermedius was high (h = 0.90), results showed that East (Kenya) and West (Nigeria) African populations had low levels of haplotype diversity (h = ~0.40). In addition, population genetic polymorphism and historical demographics showed that S. intermedius populations in both East and West Africa underwent severe contractions as a result of biogeographic influences. The patterns of genetic diversity and population structure were consistent with adaptive responses to historical biogeographic factors and contemporary environmental variations across African river systems. This is suggestive of the influence of historical biogeographic factors and climatic conditions on population divergence of S. intermedius across African river systems. Given our discovery of previously underappreciated diversity within S. intermedius, we recommend that this species be considered for increased conservation and management.
Algorithmic discovery of dynamic models from infectious disease data
Authors: Horrocks Jonathan , Bauch Chris T.
Published: April 2020

Theoretical models are typically developed through a deductive process where a researcher formulates a system of dynamic equations from hypothesized mechanisms. Recent advances in algorithmic methods can discover dynamic models inductively–directly from data. Most previous research has tested these methods by rediscovering models from synthetic data generated by the already known model. Here we apply Sparse Identification of Nonlinear Dynamics (SINDy) to discover mechanistic equations for disease dynamics from case notification data for measles, chickenpox, and rubella. The discovered models provide a good qualitative fit to the observed dynamics for all three diseases, However, the SINDy chickenpox model appears to overfit the empirical data, and recovering qualitatively correct rubella dynamics requires using power spectral density in the goodness-of-fit criterion. When SINDy uses a library of second-order functions, the discovered models tend to include mass action incidence and a seasonally varying transmission rate–a common feature of existing epidemiological models for childhood infectious diseases. We also find that the SINDy measles model is capable of out-of-sample prediction of a dynamical regime shift in measles case notification data. These results demonstrate the potential for algorithmic model discovery to enrich scientific understanding by providing a complementary approach to developing theoretical models.
Gene expression profiles for low-dose exposure to diethyl phthalate in rodents and humans: a translational study with implications for breast carcinogenesis
Authors: Gopalakrishnan Kalpana , Aushev Vasily N. , Manservisi Fabiana , Falcioni Laura , Panzacchi Simona , Belpoggi Fiorella , Parada Humberto , Garbowski Gail , Hibshoosh Hanina , Santella Regina M. , Gammon Marilie D. , Teitelbaum Susan L. , Chen Jia
Published: April 2020

Phthalates are commonly included as ingredients in personal care products such as cosmetics, shampoos and perfumes. Diethyl phthalate (DEP) has been found to be anti-androgenic and linked with adverse reproductive effects on males, but effects on females are poorly understood. We designed an integrative and translational study to experimentally examine the effects of DEP exposure at a human-equivalent dose on the mammary transcriptome in rats and to subsequently examine the DEP gene signature in breast tissues (both pre-malignant and tumor) from a population study. In Sprague-Dawley rats treated orally with DEP from birth to adulthood, we identified a signature panel of 107 genes predominantly down-regulated by DEP exposure. Univariate analysis of this 107 DEP gene signature in pre-malignant breast tissues revealed that six genes (P4HA1,MPZL3,TMC4,PLEKHA6,CA8,AREG) were inversely associated with monoethyl phthalate (MEP; the urinary metabolite of DEP) concentration (p < 0.05) among postmenopausal women; all six genes loaded on to one of seven factors identified by factor analysis. Transcription factor enrichment analysis revealed that genes in this factor were enriched for androgen receptor binding sites. These six genes were also significantly down-regulated in pre-malignant adjacent tissues compared to the corresponding tumor tissues in pair-wise analyses (p < 0.05). Results from our translational study indicate that low level exposure to diethyl phthalate results in measurable genomic changes in breast tissue with implications in breast carcinogenesis.
A digital workflow for design and fabrication of bespoke orthoses using 3D scanning and 3D printing, a patient-based case study
Authors: Hale Luke , Linley Emma , Kalaskar Deepak M.
Published: April 2020

This study demonstrates the development and application of a novel workflow for designing and fabricating orthoses, using a combination of 3D scanning and 3D printing technologies. The workflow is applied to a clinically relevant translational case study in a patient with a neurological disorder and complex clinical needs. All traditional and commercial approaches to helping the patient’s cervical instability and resulting ‘head-drop’ had previously failed, with associated progressive deterioration in the patient’s clinical state and posture. The workflow was developed to design and fabricate a bespoke device for this patient with no viable alternative therapy. The workflow was developed to generate 3D printable geometry from obtained 3D scan data. The workflow includes algorithms to relax geometry, distribute material efficiently and for variational cutting of orthosis padding material. The 3D patient scan was validated against actual measurements to ensure accuracy of measurements. A total of four prototypes were produced with each iteration being improved based on patient and clinical feedback. There was a progressive improvement in subjective feedback through each iteration at sites of discomfort and overall comfort score. There was a marked improvement in the patient’s posture with correction at the cervical and lumbar spine with the 3D-printed padded collar being worn for 4 hour periods. This study has implications for the rapid production of personalised orthoses which can help reduce patient waiting time, improve patient compliance, reduce pain and reduce further deterioration. The workflow could form the basis for an integrated process, whereby a single hospital visit results in a bespoke orthosis optimised and personalised for each patient.
Prolonged Time to Adjuvant Chemotherapy Initiation Was Associated with Worse Disease Outcome in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Cai Lifen , Tong Yiwei , Zhu Xiaoping , Shen Kunwei , Zhu Juanying , Chen Xiaosong
Published: April 2020

The optimal time to adjuvant chemotherapy (TTC) for breast cancer (BC) patients remains uncertain. Herein, we aim to evaluate the association between TTC and prognosis among different subtypes in modern era of adjuvant chemotherapy. BC patients receiving operation and adjuvant chemotherapy between January 2009 and December 2015 were included. Enrolled patients were categorized into TTC ≤4 weeks and >4 weeks groups. Relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared according to TTC and analyzed among different BC molecular subtypes. A total of 2611 patients were included. Elder age (P = 0.005), more comorbidities (P <0.001), breast-conserving surgery (P = 0.001), non-invasive ductal carcinoma (P = 0.012), and HER2-positivity (P <0.001) were associated with prolonged TTC. Among whole BC population, no significant difference was observed between two TTC groups in terms of RFS (P = 0.225) or OS (P = 0.355). However, for triple negative (TNBC) patients, TTC >4 weeks was independently related with worse RFS (5-year RFS 81.9% vs 89.3%; HR, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.09 to 3.27; P = 0.024) and OS (5-year OS 84.0% vs 94.0%; HR, 2.49; 95% CI, 1.30 to 4.76; P = 0.006) compared with those TTC ≤4 weeks. Prolonged TTC >4 weeks after BC surgery was not associated with worse survival outcomes in the whole BC patients. However, TTC >4 weeks may increase risk of relapse or death in TNBC patients, which deserves further clinical evaluation.
Analysis of Gas-water Flow Transition Characteristics Based on Multiscale Limited Penetrable Visibility Graph
Authors: Han Jun
Published: April 2020

It’s a significant challenge for gas-water flow transition characteristics from experimental measurements in the study of multiphase flow systems. The limited penetrable visibility graph has been proved to be an efficient methodology for revealing nonlinear dynamical behaviors of time series. In order to uncovering gas-water flow transitions, gas-water flow experiment was carried out to obtain time series signals related to the transitions of three flow patterns. Then a novel multiscale limited penetrable visibility graph (MLPVG) is used to construct complex networks from many different experimental flow conditions. The multiscale network measures associated with node degree are employed to describe the topological features of the constructed MLPVG. The results show that the multiscale limited penetrable visibility graph can not only effectively characterize flow transition but also yields novel insights into the identification of gas-water flow patterns.
Comment on “Pressure enhancement in carbon nanopores: a major confinement effect” by Y. Long, J. C. Palmer, B. Coasne, M. Śliwinska-Bartkowiak and K. E. Gubbins, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2011, 13, 17163
Authors: van Dijk David
Published: April 2020

A standard thermodynamic interpretation unambiguously explains the observed properties of fluids confined in pores, while a “pressure enhancement” effect emerges only from calculations in which particular choices are selected from an arbitrary set.
Multifunctional sonosensitizers in sonodynamic cancer therapy
Authors: Son Subin , Kim Ji Hyeon , Wang Xianwen , Zhang Chuangli , Yoon Shin A , Shin Jinwoo , Sharma Amit , Lee Min Hee , Cheng Liang , Wu Jiasheng , Kim Jong Seung
Published: April 2020

Phototherapy, including photodynamic therapy and photothermal therapy, has the potential to treat several types of cancer.
Imaging lipophilic regions in rodent brain tissue with halogenated BODIPY probes
Authors: Hartnell David , Schwehr Bradley J. , Gillespie-Jones Kate , Alwis Dasuni , Rajan Ramesh , Hou Huishu , Sylvain Nicole J. , Pushie Michael J. , Kelly Michael E. , Massi Massimiliano , Hackett Mark J.
Published: April 2020

Halogenated BODIPY probes allow lipid imaging in brain tissue with different level of specificity for the white matter that are linked to the chemical identity of the halogen substituent.
A competitive self-powered sensing platform based on a visible light assisted zinc–air battery system
Authors: Zhu Junlun , Nie Wei , Wang Qin , Wen Wei , Zhang Xiuhua , Li Fujun , Wang Shengfu
Published: April 2020

We developed a competitive and oxygen concentration sensitive self-powered sensing platform based on the discharge process of a visible light assisted zinc–air battery system for the detection of targets.
A highly efficient near infrared organic solid fluorophore based on naphthothiadiazole derivatives with aggregation-induced emission enhancement for a non-doped electroluminescent device
Authors: Funchien Patteera , Chasing Pongsakorn , Sudyoadsuk Taweesak , Promarak Vinich
Published: April 2020

Naphthothiadiazole derivatives with aggregation-induced emission enhancement exhibited a non-doped EL device emitted brilliant near infrared emission peaked at 754 nm with high EQE as high as 1.48%.
Modified alginate dressing with high thermal stability as a new separator for Li-ion batteries
Authors: Dai Dongmei , Yang Lifan , Zheng Shumin , Niu Jin , Sun Zhi , Wang Bao , Yang Yafeng , Li Bao
Published: April 2020

A modified alginate dressing with high thermal stability and rate performances as a new separator for Li-ion batteries.
A highly active and robust iron quinquepyridine complex for photocatalytic CO2 reduction in aqueous acetonitrile solution
Authors: Qin Yanfei , Chen Lingjing , Chen Gui , Guo Zhenguo , Wang Lei , Fan Hongbo , Robert Marc , Lau Tai-Chu
Published: April 2020

[Fe(qnpy)(H2O)2]2+ is a highly efficient and robust catalyst for visible-light-driven reduction of CO2 to CO, with a TON for CO of up to 14 095 and selectivity of 98% using Ru(phen)3Cl2 as photosensitizer and BIH as sacrificial reductant.
The viscosity of dilute carbon nanotube (1D) and graphene oxide (2D) nanofluids
Authors: Ansón-Casaos A. , Ciria J. C. , Sanahuja-Parejo O. , Víctor-Román S. , González-Domínguez J. M. , García-Bordejé E. , Benito A. M. , Maser W. K.
Published: April 2020

The interpretation of viscosity facilitates the understanding of motion modes in liquid dispersions containing 1D and 2D nanoparticles.
Development of BiOI as an effective photocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction under simulated solar irradiation
Authors: Chen Tzu-Hsin , Yoshida Masaaki , Tsunekawa Shun , Wu Jia-Hao , Lin Kun-Yi Andrew , Hu Chechia
Published: April 2020

In this study, crystalline BiOI powders were prepared for photocatalytic O2 evolution in the presence of NaIO3 as the electron mediator.
Photocatalytic asymmetric epoxidation of trans-stilbene with manganese–porphyrin/graphene-oxide nanocomposite and molecular oxygen: axial ligand effect
Authors: Ahadi Elahe , Hosseini-Monfared Hassan , Spieß Alex , Janiak Christoph
Published: April 2020

An efficient, visible light-driven manganese–porphyrin photocatalyst was developed for the asymmetric epoxidation of trans-stilbene by molecular oxygen under mild conditions.
The differential magnetic relaxation behaviours of slightly distorted triangular dodecahedral dysprosium analogues in a type of cyano-bridged 3d–4f zig-zag chain compounds
Authors: Xue An-Qi , Liu Yang-Yu , Li Jia-Xin , Zhang Yan , Meng Yin-Shan , Zhu Wen-Hua , Zhang Yi-Quan , Sun Hao-Ling , Wang Fei , Qiu Guan-Xia , Liang Lu-Yu , Wang Xiang , Gao Song
Published: April 2020

Differential magnetic properties were observed for triangular dodecahedral dysprosium analogues in a type of cyano-bridged 3d–4f zig-zag chain compound.
The gut barrier and the fate of engineered nanomaterials: a view from comparative physiology
Authors: van der Zande Meike , Jemec Kokalj Anita , Spurgeon David J. , Loureiro Susana , Silva Patrícia V. , Khodaparast Zahra , Drobne Damjana , Clark Nathaniel J. , van den Brink Nico W. , Baccaro Marta , van Gestel Cornelis A. M. , Bouwmeester Hans , Handy Richard D.
Published: April 2020

Despite the diverse structures and functions of the gut barrier in the animal kingdom, some common features of gut lumen chemistry control the behaviour of engineered nanomaterials, and with some potentially novel uptake pathways in invertebrates.
Sulfidation attenuates the adverse impacts of metallic nanoparticles on anammox from the perspective of chronic exposure
Authors: Zhang Zheng-Zhe , Zhang Yu , Cheng Ya-Fei , Jin Ren-Cun
Published: April 2020

The risks of metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) in anammox have attracted increasing attention; however, how sulfidation, an important environmental transformation process, affects their toxicity potential is unclear.
Direct loading of blood for plasma separation and diagnostic assays on a digital microfluidic device
Authors: Dixon Christopher , Lamanna Julian , Wheeler Aaron R.
Published: April 2020

The integration of 3D porous membranes in a digital microfluidic device enables the generation of cell-free plasma from finger-stick volumes of blood with in-line, on-chip analysis.
Gold(iii) bis(dithiolene) complexes: from molecular conductors to prospective anticancer, antimicrobial and antiplasmodial agents
Authors: Fontinha Diana , Sousa Sílvia A , Morais Tânia S , Prudêncio Miguel , Leitão Jorge H , Le Gal Yann , Lorcy Dominique , Silva Rafaela A L , Velho Mariana F G , Belo Dulce , Almeida M , Guerreiro Joana F , Pinheiro Teresa , Marques Fernanda
Published: April 2020

The anticancer, antimicrobial and antiplasmodial activities of six gold(iii) bis(dithiolene) complexes were studied. Complexes 1–6 showed relevant anticancer properties against A2780/A2780cisR ovarian cancer cells (IC50 values of 0.08–2 μM), also being able to overcome cisplatin resistance in A2780cisR cells. Complex 1 also exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 12.1 ± 3.9 μg mL−1) and both Candida glabrata and Candida albicans (MICs of 9.7 ± 2.7 and 19.9 ± 2.4 μg mL−1, respectively). In addition, all complexes displayed antiplasmodial activity against the Plasmodium berghei parasite liver stages, even exhibiting better results than the ones obtained using primaquine, an anti-malarial drug. Mechanistic studies support the idea that thioredoxin reductase, but not DNA, is a possible target of these complexes. Complex 1 is stable under biological conditions, which would be important if this compound is ever to be considered as a drug. Overall, the results obtained evidenced the promising biological activity of complex 1, which might have potential as a novel anticancer, antimicrobial and antiplasmodial agent to be used as an alternative to current therapeutics.
A green carbon dots-based fluorescent sensor for selective and visual detection of nitrite triggered by the nitrite–thiol reaction
Authors: Yue Xiaoyue , Zhou Zijun , Wu Yongmei , Jie Mingsha , Li Yan , Guo Haobin , Bai Yanhong
Published: April 2020

Selective and visual detection of nitrite is realized through the inner-filter effect triggered by the nitrite–thiol reaction based on green carbon dots.
A facile synthesis of porous bimetallic Co–Ni fluorides for high-performance asymmetric supercapacitors
Authors: Zhou Xiaoya , Qu Xinyu , Zhao Wen , Ren Yanfang , Lu Yao , Wang Qian , Yang Dapeng , Wang Wenjun , Dong Xiaochen
Published: April 2020

Porous Co–Ni fluorides were synthesized using a two-step method and they exhibited excellent specific capacitance and cycling stability.
Effect of a post-translational modification mimic on protein translocation through a nanopore
Authors: Hoogerheide David P. , Gurnev Philip A. , Rostovtseva Tatiana K. , Bezrukov Sergey M.
Published: April 2020

Post-translational modification mimics can be precisely located in a disordered protein by their profound effects on nanopore interaction dynamics.
A review of the α-Fe2O3 (hematite) nanotube structure: recent advances in synthesis, characterization, and applications
Authors: Xue Yudong , Wang Yunting
Published: April 2020

This review highlights the recent advances regarding the α-Fe2O3 (hematite) nanotubes, from synthesis and characterization to the state-of-the-art applications for energy storage and conversion as well as environmental sensing and remediation.
Discrimination of cellular developmental states focusing on glycan transformation and membrane dynamics by using BODIPY-tagged lactosyl ceramides
Authors: Arai Kenta , Ohtake Atsuko , Daikoku Shusaku , Suzuki Katsuhiko , Ito Yukishige , Kabayama Kazuya , Fukase Koichi , Kanie Yoshimi , Kanie Osamu
Published: April 2020

Different cellular states were discriminated by analysing either the glycan transformation of exogenously introduced fluorescently tagged probe molecules or fluorescence recovery after photobleaching before conversion.
Dimensionally anisotropic graphene with high mobility and a high on–off ratio in a three-terminal RRAM device
Authors: Liu Bo , Tai Han Hsiang , Liang Hanyuan , Zheng En-Yan , Sahoo Mamina , Hsu Chih Hsien , Chen Tsung-Cheng , Huang Chin An , Wang Jer-Chyi , Hou Tuo-Hung , Lai Chao-Sung
Published: April 2020

A tailor made strategy for graphene toward logic application was proposed and demonstrated in this work based on its intrinsic dimensionally anisotropic properties: a graphene based three terminal resistive random access memory.
Oxygen vacancy induced superior visible-light-driven photo-catalytic performance in the BiOCl homojunction
Authors: Niu Siying , Zhang Ruoyu , Guo Chongfeng
Published: April 2020

The black BiOCl homojunction with oxygen vacancies has a wide absorption range and results in effective separation of photo-generated electron–hole pairs, which contribute to its superior visible-light-driven photo-catalytic degradation and disinfection ability.
Electrodeposition of nickel in air- and water-stable 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium dibutylphosphate ionic liquid
Authors: Zheng Yu , Zhou Xiaorong , Luo Yunbai , Yu Ping
Published: April 2020

In this study, bright nickel coatings with nano-spherical grains were obtained in water- and air-stable ionic liquid.
Spatially-resolved uranium isotopic analysis of contaminated scrap metal using laser ablation multi-collector ICP-MS
Authors: Krachler Michael , Wallenius Maria , Nicholl Adrian , Mayer Klaus
Published: April 2020

LA-MC-ICP-MS is a fast and quasi non-destructive technique to reveal possible U isotopic inhomogeneity in scrap metal samples, filling the gap between bulk isotopic analysis and particle analysis.
An automated flow chemistry platform to decouple mixing and reaction times
Authors: Epps Robert W. , Volk Amanda A. , Abdel-Latif Kameel , Abolhasani Milad
Published: April 2020

We present a flow chemistry platform that decouples precursor mixing rates from reaction time using solely off-the-shelf components. We then utilize this platform towards material-efficient studies of mass transfer-controlled synthesis of inorganic perovskite quantum dots.
The large subunit of the regulatory [NiFe]-hydrogenase fromRalstonia eutropha– a minimal hydrogenase?
Authors: Caserta Giorgio , Lorent Christian , Ciaccafava Alexandre , Keck Matthias , Breglia Raffaella , Greco Claudio , Limberg Christian , Hildebrandt Peter , Cramer Stephen P. , Zebger Ingo , Lenz Oliver
Published: April 2020

Spectroscopic investigation of an isolated [NiFe]-hydrogenase large subunit enables a unique view of the NiFe(CO)(CN)2cofactor.
Precipitation-free high-affinity multivalent binding by inline lectin ligands
Authors: Rohse Philipp , Weickert Sabrina , Drescher Malte , Wittmann Valentin
Published: April 2020

Integration of sugar epitopes into a backbone structure generates multivalent lectin ligands with a defined binding mode and high affinity without precipitating the protein.
Cactus kirigami for efficient fog harvesting: simplifying a 3D cactus into 2D paper art
Authors: Bai Haoyu , Zhao Tianhong , Wang Xinsheng , Wu Yuchen , Li Kan , Yu Cunming , Jiang Lei , Cao Moyuan
Published: April 2020

By simplifying a 3D cactus into 2D paper art, a cactus kirigami is proposed for efficient but inexpensive fog collection. The unique functions of cacti are completely mimicked, including droplet self-propulsion and interface refreshing.
Full pseudocapacitive behavior hypoxic graphene for ultrafast and ultrastable sodium storage
Authors: Wang Ying-Ying , Hou Bao-Hua , Yang Xu , Chen Dong , Liang Hao-Jie , Gu Zhen-Yi , Rui Xian-Hong , Wu Xing-Long
Published: April 2020

A hypoxic graphene with full pseudocapacitive behavior is successfully prepared and exhibits super fast-charging/discharging performance and ultralong lifespan for Na-storage.
Enhanced photodynamic therapy and fluorescence imaging using gold nanorods for porphyrin delivery in a novel in vitro squamous cell carcinoma 3D model
Authors: Demir Duman Fatma , Sebek Matej , Thanh Nguyễn T. K. , Loizidou Marilena , Shakib Kaveh , MacRobert Alexander J.
Published: April 2020

In this paper, we show enhanced photodynamic therapy and fluorescence imaging using cationic porphyrin photosensitizer TMPyP loaded gold nanorods in 2D monolayer cultures and a novel in vitro head and neck squamous cell carcinoma 3D model.
Efficient NDT small molecule solar cells with high fill factor using pendant group engineering
Authors: Xia Chaochao , Wu Hao , Fan Haijun , Shui Lingling , Zhu Xiaozhang
Published: April 2020

The substituent-resolved pendant group engineering over a naphthodithiophene-based molecule donor fine tunes its blending morphology, which enables efficient small molecule solar cells with high fill factor, regardless of adopting fullerene or non-fullerene acceptors.
Electric-controlled half-metallicity in magnetic van der Waals heterobilayer
Authors: Tang Cheng , Zhang Lei , Sanvito Stefano , Du Aijun
Published: April 2020

Electric-field controlled half-metallic transport in CrI3–CrGeTe3 heterobilayers for spintronic applications.
A census of the nearby Pisces-Eridanus stellar stream
Authors: Röser Siegfried , Schilbach Elena
Published: April 2020

Aims. Within a sphere of 400 pc radius around the Sun, we aim to search for members of the Pisces-Eridanus (Psc-Eri) stellar stream in the Gaia Data Release 2 data set. We compare basic astrophysical characteristics of the stream with those of the Pleiades.

Methods. We used a modified convergent-point method to identify stars with 2D velocities consistent with the space velocity of the Psc-Eri stream and the Pleiades, respectively.

Results. In a G magnitude range from 5.1 mag to 19.3 mag, we found 1387 members of the Psc-Eri stream at distances between 80 and 380 pc from the Sun. The stream has a nearly cylindrical shape with a length of at least 700 pc and a thickness of 100 pc. The accumulated stellar mass of the 1387 members amounts to about 770 M⊙, and the stream is gravitationally unbound. For the stream, we found an age of about 135 Myr. In many astrophysical properties, Psc-Eri is comparable to the open cluster M45 (the Pleiades): in its age, its luminosity function, its present-day mass function, as well as in its total mass. Nonetheless, the two stellar ensembles are completely different in their physical appearance. We cautiously give two possible explanations for this disagreement: (i) the star formation efficiency in their parental molecular clouds was higher for the Pleiades than for Psc-Eri, and/or (ii) the Pleiades had a higher primordial mass segregation immediately after the expulsion of the molecular gas of the parental cloud.
The SHiP physics program at CERN
Authors: De Lellis Giovanni
Published: April 2020

The discovery of the Higgs boson has fully confirmed the Standard Model of particles and fields. Nevertheless, there are still fundamental phenomena, like the existence of dark matter, the neutrino masses and the baryon asymmetry of the Universe, which deserve an explanation that could come from the discovery of new particles. The SHiP experiment at CERN is proposed to search for very weakly coupled particles in the few GeV mass domain where the existence of such particles is largely unexplored. A beam dump facility using high intensity 400 GeV protons is a copious source of such unknown particles in the GeV mass range. The beam dump is also a very intense source of neutrinos and, in particular, of tau neutrinos, the less known particle in the Standard Model. We report the physics potential of such an experiment. An ancillary measurement of the charm cross-section was carried out in July 2018 and the data are under analysis and we report preliminary results. Moreover, a prototype of the neutrino detector is being designed to possibly take data at the LHC in its Run3 of operation. We describe the proposed detector and the physics case.
Gamma-gamma physics and meson transition form factors
Authors: Kupsc Andrzej
Published: April 2020

I summarize recent experimental results for two photon production of mesons. These processes include the neutral pion, η and η′ transition form factors and two photon production of pseudoscalar meson pairs. In addition I discuss the related hadronic and radiative processes. All these processes are attracting attention of experiment and theory due their relevance for the hadronic light-by-light contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment.
Status of the NA62 Experiment
Authors: Piccini M.
Published: April 2020

The decay $ {K^ + } \to {\pi ^ + }v\bar v $, with a very precisely predicted branching ratio of less than 10−10 in the Standard Model framework, is one of the best candidates to reveal indirect effects of new physics at the highest mass scales. The NA62 experiment at CERN SPS is designed to measure the branching ratio of such decay with a decay-in-flight technique, novel for this channel. The main goal of NA62 is to measure such Branching Ratio of $ {K^ + } \to {\pi ^ + }v\bar v $ with an accuracy better than 20%. This will be achieved by collecting up to 100 $ {K^ + } \to {\pi ^ + }v\bar v $ events with a background contamination at the level of 10%. The NA62 detector was commissioned in 2014 and 2015 and the experiment took physics data from 2015 to 2018. NA62 has already published the result of the 2016 data analysis. The 2017 data analysis is in progress, the single event sensitivity reached and the evaluation of the main backgrounds will be shown in this contribution.
Almost well-dominated bipartite graphs with minimum degree at least two
Authors: Alizadeh Hadi , Gözüpek Didem
Published: April 2020

A dominating set in a graph G = (V, E) is a set S such that every vertex of G is either in S or adjacent to a vertex in S. While the minimum cardinality of a dominating set in G is called the domination number of G denoted by Γ(G), the maximum cardinality of a minimal dominating set in G is called the upper domination number of G denoted by Γ(G). We call the difference between these two parameters the domination gap of G and denote it by µd(G) = Γ(G) − Γ(G). While a graph G with µd(G) = 0 is said to be a well-dominated graph, we call a graph G with µd(G) = 1 an almost well-dominated graph. In this work, we first establish an upper bound for the cardinality of bipartite graphs with µd(G) = k, where k ≥ 1, and minimum degree at least two. We then provide a complete structural characterization of almost well-dominated bipartite graphs with minimum degree at least two. While the results by Finbow et al. [Ars Comb. 25A (1988) 5–10] imply that a 4-cycle is the only well-dominated bipartite graph with minimum degree at least two, we prove in this paper that there exist precisely 31 almost well-dominated bipartite graphs with minimum degree at least two.
Perioperative Schmerztherapie – was kann/sollte der Operateur beachten?
Authors: Jerosch Jörg
Published: April 2020

Der vorliegende Artikel zeigt die Möglichkeiten des Operateurs bei der perioperativen Schmerztherapie auf. Besonderen Wert gelegt wird hierbei auf die Verwendung von intraoperativ gelegten Nervenblöcken (Fußblock, Supraskapularisblock) sowie die lokale Infiltrations-Anästhesie (LIA). Besonders zu beachten ist die Funktion des postoperativen Schmerzes als Warnfunktion, welcher auf klinisch relevante Komplikationen hindeutet (Kompartment-Syndrom, Ischämie etc.).
COVID-19-Pandemie: Belastungen des medizinischen Personals
Authors: Bohlken Jens , Schömig Friederike , Lemke Matthias R. , Pumberger Matthias , Riedel-Heller Steffi G.
Published: April 2020

Ziel Darstellung von Studien zur psychischen Belastung von medizinischem Personal unter Bedingungen der COVID-19-Pandemie.

Methodik PubMed-gestützte Suche mit den Stichworten COVID 19“, „stress“, „mental health“, „healthcare worker“, „staff“, „psychiatry“. Eingeschlossen wurden quantitative Studien, (inkl. „Letter to the editor“) zur Belastung des medizinischen Personals im Zeitraum von Januar bis März 2020.

Ergebnisse Es wurden 14 Studien mit Klinikpersonal aus Infektionsabteilungen, Abteilungen für Fieberkranke, Abteilungen der Inneren Medizin inklusive Intensivstationen sowie der Chirurgie und Psychiatrie identifiziert. Am häufigsten wurden der Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), die Self-rating-Anxiety Scale (SAS) und die Impact of Event Scale (IES-R) verwendet. Die Stichprobengröße schwankte zwischen 37 und 1257 Personen des überwiegend pflegerischen und ärztlichen Personals. Der Anteil an COVID-19-nahen Tätigkeiten schwankte zwischen 7,5 % und 100 %. Es wurde eine erhebliche Belastung durch Stresserleben, depressive und ängstliche Symptome berichtet. Schwere Ausprägungsgrade fanden sich bei 2,2–14,5 % der Befragten. Die Ausprägung der psychischen Symptomatik wurde beeinflusst durch Alter, Geschlecht, Berufsgruppe, Fachrichtung, Art der Tätigkeit und die Nähe zu COVID-19-Patienten. Als Mediatorvariablen wurden das Personalmanagement, die präventive Intervention, die Resilienz und vorhandene soziale Unterstützung angesehen.

Schlussfolgerung Angesichts der Häufigkeit psychischer Symptome bei medizinischem Personal erscheinen begleitende psychiatrisch-psychotherapeutisch informierte Interventionen notwendig, um eine Bewältigung zu unterstützen. Eine schnell einsetzende Forschung ist in diesem Bereich wünschenswert.
Psychosoziale Folgen von Quarantänemaßnahmen bei schwerwiegenden Coronavirus-Ausbrüchen: ein Rapid Review
Authors: Röhr Susanne , Müller Felix , Jung Franziska , Apfelbacher Christian , Seidler Andreas , Riedel-Heller Steffi G.
Published: April 2020

Ziel der Studie Zusammenschau von Evidenz über psychosoziale Folgen von Quarantänemaßnahmen bei schwerwiegenden Coronavirus-Ausbrüchen vor COVID-19. Entsprechende Erkenntnisse liefern wichtige Bezugspunkte zur COVID-19-Pandemie.

Methodik Suche in der MEDLINE-Datenbank nach relevanten Studien bei SARS-CoV- und MERS-CoV-Ausbrüchen.

Ergebnisse Insgesamt 13 selektierte Studien beschreiben konsistent psychosoziale Folgen von Quarantänemaßnahmen, darunter Depressivität, Ängstlichkeit, Wut, Stress, posttraumatische Belastung, soziale Isolation, Einsamkeit und Stigmatisierung. Determinanten waren u. a. die Dauer der Quarantäne und Einkommensverluste. Tätige im Gesundheitswesen waren eine besonders vulnerable Gruppe.

Schlussfolgerung Quarantänemaßnahmen bei schwerwiegenden Coronavirus-Ausbrüchen haben negative Konsequenzen für die psychosoziale Gesundheit. Präventions- und Interventionsansätze zur Reduktion der psychosozialen Folgen sollten integraler Bestandteil des Krisenmanagements unter Pandemiebedingungen sein.
Reinserção da ruptura distal do bíceps braquial mediante incisão única com uso de âncoras
Authors: de Mattos Carlos Augusto , Maia Danilo , Castro Rodolfo , Etchebehere Maurício
Published: April 2020

Objetivo Avaliar 15 pacientes com ruptura do tendão distal do bíceps submetidos a reinserção por meio de via única, anterior e transversa no antebraço com o uso de duas âncoras. Os pacientes foram submetidos a um protocolo de reabilitação e, ao término de seis meses, efetuou-se avaliação do arco de movimento do cotovelo operado e da intensidade de força durante a flexão e a supinação.

Métodos Os dados foram coletados de maneira prospectiva, e foram analisados pelo teste de Mann-Whitney e pelo teste de modelos mistos para avaliar a força entre os cotovelos operado e não operado.

Resultados Um total de 80% dos pacientes eram homens, 60% sofreram lesão do lado dominante, 46% eram trabalhadores braçais, e 73% não praticavam atividades físicas regularmente. O uso de anabolizante foi relatado por dois pacientes. Após o tratamento, os pacientes recuperaram 98% da força de supinação, e 94% da de flexão. De acordo com questionário de Disfunções do Braço, Ombro e Mão (Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand, DASH), 73% dos pacientes encontram-se dentro do esperado para uma população normal.

Conclusão A via única, anterior e transversa associada ao reparo do tendão com o uso de âncoras apresentou-se esteticamente satisfatória, com boa recuperação da força durante a flexão e a supinação, não ocorrendo casos de ossificação heterotópica ou complicações graves.
Pé diabético. Parte 1: Úlceras e Infecções*
Authors: Ferreira Ricardo Cardenuto
Published: April 2020

As úlceras e infecções são complicações comuns nos pés dos pacientes diabéticos que já se encontram na fase tardia desta doença sistêmica que se tornou uma verdadeira epidemia do mundo moderno. Neste grupo específico de pacientes, são as infecções que constituem o principal fator envolvido na sequência de eventos que resultam na amputação do membro inferior. A neuropatia periférica (NC) constitui fator determinante na perda da sensibilidade protetora dos pés na fase tardia da doença e, por sua vez, favorece o desenvolvimento das úlceras plantares de pressão (UPP) e a destruição osteoarticular causado pela neuroartropatia de Charcot (NC). A obesidade, a doença arterial periférica (DAP) e a deficiência no sistema imunológico devida aos distúrbios metabólicos do diabetes desempenham papel adicional importante na morbidade desta doença, principalmente no que se refere à amputação dos membros inferiores. É importante para o médico ortopedista compreender que para tentar evitar estas complicações que costumam resultar na amputação da extremidade é necessário estabelecer estratégias de prevenção direcionadas, principalmente, para a educação do paciente diabético e também para medidas protetoras profiláticas.
COMPARISON OF TRADITIONAL VERSUS VIDEO BASED TEACHING ON NEUROLOGICAL ASSESSMENT AMONG UNDERGRADUATE NURSING STUDENTS
Authors: Prabhu Sushma
Published: April 2020

Background: The new computer assisted and interactive video instructions have been merged into teaching system as an efficient method. This method is an effective medium for student learning, regardless of discipline and its potentials have encouraged instructors and learners to opt this method.

Purpose: The current study has aimed to compare the traditional lecture method with video based teaching, in improving the knowledge and skill of Undergraduate Nursing students on Neurological assessment.

Methods: This quasi experimental study was conducted on 30 undergraduate nursing students who were randomly assigned to two groups. Group A attended a lecture cum demonstration method and group B underwent video based teaching on neurological assessment. Learning level of both the groups was compared by using independent't' test.

Results: In both the groups the post test scores were significantly higher than the pretest scores, but there was no statistically significant difference between group A and B. Hence both the teaching methods were found to be equally effective in improving the knowledge and skill of undergraduate nursing students on neurological assessment.
HEALTH BELIEFS ON MANAGEMENT OF DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: P. Jijomon P. , Sharon Teena , Xavier Ruby , Nayak Malathi G.
Published: April 2020

Prevalence of type 2 diabetes is increasing globally, more so in developing countries like India due to rapid urbanization. Health-related behavior is important in maintaining health and which is determined by individual beliefs and practice about health and illness.

The objectives of the study were to assess the health beliefs among diabetic adults on management of diabetes mellitus and to find the association between the health beliefs and study variable.

A descriptive cross sectional survey conducted among 125 diabetic adults, data collected by using structured questionnaire.

The study finding reveals that out of 125 diabetic adults, the majorities 49.6% were in the age group of 46-55 years, 51.2% were believed that diabetes caused by eating more sugar and 81.6% disagree that it's God's curse, 30% of diabetic adults agree with the statement that diabetes is because of past sin, 28% of subjects believe that it's a communicable disease. There was significant association between health beliefs and selected demographic variables such as age, religion, duration of illness and education.

Beliefs about health and illness that may affect self-care practice and health care seeking behavior in persons diagnosed with Diabetes mellitus
A study on father’s knowledge and attitude towards their role in child care in selected areas of Mangalore with a view to develop an informational booklet.
Authors: S. Roshin M. , R. Sujatha
Published: April 2020

“It is a wise father who knows his own child”

- William Shakespeare

In today's modern and fast changing society, families are becoming nuclear; mothers are professionally oriented and having busy jobs. Father's participation in child care is necessary due to progressive involvement of mothers in jobs outside the home. Hence the responsibility of child rearing has extended to fathers also.

In this study father's knowledge is assessed by self structured questionnaire and attitude using attitude scale. The findings revealed that majority of the fathers 88(44%) were in the age group of less than 30 years, 110 (55%) were having more than 2 siblings, 92 (46%) were st on the 1st order of birth, (46.5%) completed Secondary school education,106 (53%) were having private job, 200(100%) were married and living with spouse,82 (41%) of their children have above 2yrs. 116 (58%) fathers were Hindus, 79 (39.5%) were having monthly income of less than Rs5000/ -and 124 (62%) fathers do not have previous information regarding child care. The result also shows 94 (47%) fathers were having average knowledge regarding child care, 69 fathers (34.45%) have poor knowledge and 37 (18.5%) fathers were having good knowledge. There is significant correlation between knowledge and attitude of fathers regarding their role in child care. There is significant association between knowledge and demographic variables but marital status has no significant association between knowledge and also significant association seen between attitude and demographic variables.
NURSING ASPECTS IN CARE OF PATIENTS WITH DEMENTIA
Authors: George Linu Sara , Nayak Asha K.
Published: April 2020

Dementia is one of the major disorders existing in our population. The nurse is responsible to plan the activities which will help to improve the behavior of clients and thereby reduce the complications. Nurses working with dementia clients should perform an analysis of client's ability to perform activities of daily living (ADL
ENHANCING STABILITY: A REVIEW OF VARIOUS OCCLUSAL SCHEMES IN COMPLETE DENTURE PROSTHESIS
Authors: D. Krishna Prasad , Prasad B. Rajendra , Bardia Anshul , D. Anupama Prasad
Published: April 2020

A practical approach to rehabilitate the edentulous patients to optimal occlusion is not an easy task. Complete denture prosthesis when compared to natural teeth have relatively unstable bases and have no proprioception comparable to the periodontal ligament of the natural tooth and acts as the single unit instead of an individual tooth. To enhance the stability of the complete dentures, the philosophy of the balanced occlusion has been proposed. Balanced occlusion in dentures implies occlusal contacts that contribute to equilibrium of the denture bases on their respective ridges.

The search for the ideal occlusal scheme, one which provides stability, comfort, function and esthetics is still underway. While there is little research to support one occlusal scheme over the other, it is known that the prosthesis is less efficient than natural teeth and the ability to chew with it varies with the individual, regardless of the occlusal schemes. Poor oral awareness makes it more difficult for a patient to adapt to the function with the prosthesis especially one with a complicated occlusal scheme. This article reviews several occlusal schemes, their characteristics, recommendations for usage along with their advantages and disadvantages.
Transition-Metal-Free, Intermolecular Azidoheteroarylation of Alkenes: Efficient Access to β-Azidoalkylated Quinoxalinones and Preliminary Antifungal Evaluation Against Magnaporthe grisea
Authors: Qin Weiwei , Li Zhaodong , Du Yiming , Chen Yue , Liu Yun-Lin
Published: April 2020

An efficient, PhI(OAc)2-mediated, radical azidoheteroarylation of alkenes under transition-metal-free conditions is reported by employing TMSN3 and quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones as coupling partners. This domino reaction allows an eﬃcient synthesis of valuable orangoazides containing quinoxalin-2(1H)-one derivatives and could be extended to phosphinyl-alkylated quinoxalin-2(1H)-one in a single step in moderate to excellent yields under mild conditions, as demonstrated by the preliminary antibacterial evaluation against Magnaporthe grisea for the first time. Mechanistic studies revealed that this transformation undergoes a cascade addition pathway controlled by a polar radical.
Management of Infantile Spasms: An Updated Review
Authors: Iype Mary , Koshy Kiren George
Published: April 2020

Infantile spasms remain the most challenging of the epileptic encephalopathies of childhood. Infantile spasms are classified as an epileptic encephalopathy, as the adverse cognitive and behavioral burden of the condition is out of proportion to the burden one would expect from the underlying etiology or the accompanying magnetic resonance imaging. The ictal and interictal electroencephalographic (EEG) activity is presumed to contribute to the progressive cerebral dysfunction. In many of these children, the underlying etiology also contributes to the severe mental subnormality and autistic behavior. Though it is the syndromic approach that guides the pediatric epileptologist, it is best to keep in mind that one syndrome may evolve into another in infancy and early childhood. A baby with Ohtahara syndrome may, after 2 to 7 months, begin to have spasms. Lennox-Gastaut syndrome with its typical seizure types and EEG may evolve in a child with infantile spasms.

The unique modalities used in the treatment of infantile spasms make early recognition important. It is, however, also of paramount importance to make an etiological diagnosis as the underlying etiology may be eminently treatable. The treating physician cannot abandon them as wholly “intractable” epilepsy. The excellent response to treatment in the few who just cannot be defined or accurately predicted drives the physician to exercise his brain. Use of the two well-accepted modalities of treatment; vigabatrin and adrenocorticotrophic hormone singly or in combination, oral steroids in high dose, ketogenic diet, the conventional antiepileptic medications, and strategies to target the basic cause have been tried out by various clinicians. Here, we have made an attempt to collate evidence and describe the progress in the management of infantile spasms.