bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The influence of vehicle body roll motion on aerodynamic characteristics under crosswind condition
Authors: Taiming Huang , Ma JingMao , Zhang Li , Hao Pan , Feng MingChen , Zeng Wei , Ou Changjie
Published: September 2023

Purpose

The purpose of this study is investigate the transient aerodynamic characteristics of high-speed vehicle with body roll motion under crosswind condition to improve aerodynamic stability.

Design/methodology/approach

An overset mesh was used to simulate the rolling motion of the vehicle body. A wind tunnel experiment was conducted to validate the numerical method.

Findings

The results revealed that the vehicle’s aerodynamic characteristics changed periodically with the body’s periodic motion. In the absence of crosswind, the pressure distribution on the left and right sides of the vehicle body was symmetrical, and the speed streamline flowed to the rear of the vehicle in an orderly manner. The maximum aerodynamic lift observed in the transient simulation was −0.089, which is approximately 0.70 times that of the quasi-static simulation experiment. In addition, the maximum aerodynamic side force observed in the transient simulation was 0.654, which is approximately 1.25 times that of the quasi-static simulation experiment.

Originality/value

The aerodynamic load varies periodically with the vehicle body’s cyclic motion. However, the extreme values of the aerodynamic load do not occur when the vehicle body is at its highest or lowest position. This phenomenon is primarily attributed to the mutual interference of airflow viscosity and the hysteresis effect in the flow field, leading to the formation of a substantial vortex near the wheel. Consequently, the aerodynamic coefficient at each horizontal position becomes inconsistent during the periodic rolling of the vehicle body.
Artificial intelligence as an enabler for achieving human resource resiliency: past literature, present debate and future research directions
Authors: Panda Gayatri , Dash Manoj Kumar , Samadhiya Ashutosh , Kumar Anil , Mulat-weldemeskel Eyob
Published: September 2023

Purpose

Artificial intelligence (AI) can enhance human resource resiliency (HRR) by providing the insights and resources needed to adapt to unexpected changes and disruptions. Therefore, the present research attempts to develop a framework for future researchers to gain insights into the actions of AI to enable HRR.

Design/methodology/approach

The present study used a systematic literature review, bibliometric analysis, and network analysis followed by content analysis. In doing so, we reviewed the literature to explore the present state of research in AI and HRR. A total of 98 articles were included, extracted from the Scopus database in the selected field of research.

Findings

The authors found that AI or AI-associated techniques help deliver various HRR-oriented outcomes, such as enhancing employee competency, performance management and risk management; enhancing leadership competencies and employee well-being measures; and developing effective compensation and reward management.

Research limitations/implications

The present research has certain implications, such as increasing the HR team's proficiency, addressing the problem of job loss and how to fix it, improving working conditions and improving decision-making in HR.

Originality/value

The present research explores the role of AI in HRR following the COVID-19 pandemic, which has not been explored extensively.
Uncover the heterogeneity of EMNE's institutional difficulty perception and its behavioral orientation – evidence of Chinese MNEs' FDI in Taiwan
Authors: Yeh Chun-Ping , Hsiao Yi-Chi , Gebhadt Sebastian
Published: September 2023

Purpose

The existing research on institutional distance implicitly posits the monotonic effect of contextual differences on the multinational enterprise (MNE) behaviors (e.g. entry mode, research and development (R&D) investment and subsidiary reverse knowledge transfer). Namely, MNEs from the same home to the same host countries are thought to have homogenous perceptions on the institutional influences and thus behave similarly. However, the authors argue that MNEs, due to their different performance aspirations in host countries, will have heterogenous perceptions on such contextual influences and thereafter behave differently.

Design/methodology/approach

Drawing on the behavioral theory of the firm and employing a unique sample comprised of 140 Chinese MNEs' foreign direct investments (FDIs) in Taiwan in 2017, the authors developed and tested the hypotheses.

Findings

The authors found that the emerging-market MNEs' (EMNEs’) perceptions of higher local institutional difficulties will be strengthened when their local performances are below their aspiration levels, making them more risk-taking. Nevertheless, EMNEs' local experiences and local equity-based partnerships will mitigate such negative perceptions, mitigating their risk-taking orientation.

Originality/value

The empirical findings make contributes to the international business (IB) literature by extending knowledge on the determinants and conditions of the heterogeneity in EMNEs' behavioral orientations when in face of the same institutional distance. The authors also provide managerial implications by showing that EMNEs' firm-specific resources (i.e. local experience and local equity-based partnership) will alter their perceptions of local institutional difficulties, leading to different behavioral orientations.
English language teacher trainers’ capacity building in sustainable development goals through MOOCs
Authors: Canaran Özlem , Bayram İlknur
Published: September 2023

Purpose

This study makes an enquiry of the existing sustainable development goals (SDGs) knowledge of English language teacher trainers (ELTTs), who remain an overlooked stakeholder in education for sustainable development. Despite the literature on SDG integration into traditional teacher education curriculum, how massive open online courses (MOOCs) can help with capacity building of ELTTs is unclear. This study aims to further explore how the knowledge and capacities of ELTTs on SDGs could be promoted through MOOCs.

Design/methodology/approach

For the study’s action research approach, data of 28 ELTTs from higher education institutions in Ankara, Türkiye, were collected for six weeks using a survey, reflective reports and focus group interviews.

Findings

ELTTs with no previous training experience have a partially fragmented understanding of SDGs. MOOCs proved to be highly practical and cost-effective in building ELTTs’ capacity for building knowledge of and improving motivation to address SDGs in training programs. Further findings are drawn from ELTTs’ reflections on the lack of pedagogical content knowledge and collegial interactions in MOOCs.

Originality/value

There is little to no literature on ELTTs’ existing knowledge of SDGs and whether MOOCs can be used for their capacity building to achieve SDGs. The present findings may encourage higher education institutions to launch professional development programs that will equip ELTTs with the competencies to apply education for sustainable development in in-service English language teaching and teacher training programs.
AGV robot for laser-SLAM based method testing in automated container terminal
Authors: Yang Ang , Cao Yu , Liu Yang , Zeng Qingcheng , Xiu Fangqiang
Published: September 2023

Purpose

Magnet spot is the primary method to develop the automated guided vehicle (AGV) guidance system for many automated container terminals (ACT). Aiming to improve the high flexibility of AGV operation in ACT, this paper aims to address the problem of technical stability leading to ACT production paralysis and propose a mini-terminal AGV robot for testing laser simultaneous location and mapping (SLAM)-based methods in ACT operation scenarios.

Design/methodology/approach

This study developed a physical simulation robot for terminal AGV operations, providing a platform to test technical solutions for applying laser navigation-related technologies in ACTs. Then, the terminal-AGV navigation system framework is designed to apply the laser-SLAM-based method in the physical simulation robot. Finally, the experiment is conducted in the terminal operation scenario to verify the feasibility of the proposed framework for lased-SLAM-based method testing and analyze the performance of the different mini-terminal AGV robots.

Findings

A series of experiments are conducted to analyze the performance of the proposed mini-terminal AGV robot for laser-SLAM-based method testing. The experimental results show the validity and effectiveness of the AGV robot and AGV navigation system framework with better local map matching, loopback and absolute positional error.

Originality/value

The proposed mini-terminal AGV robot and AGV navigation system framework can provide a platform for innovative laser-SLAM-based method testing in ACTs applications. Therefore, this study can effectively meet the high requirements of ACT for maturity and stability of the laser navigation technical.
Post ERP implementation issues and challenges: exploratory case studies in the context of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Mahmood Faisal , Khan Abdul Zahid , Shah Sajid Amir , Adil Muhammad
Published: September 2023

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to investigate the post–enterprise resource planning (ERP) issues and challenges in the context of Saudi Arabia. There is a lack of research in the context of developing countries regarding post-ERP implementation issues and challenges. The high failure rate of the ERP system is a reflection of many management issues that occurred at different phases of ERP implementation. Previous research indicated that even after a successful implementation, the ERP system was unable to sustain itself in the organizations.

Design/methodology/approach

An exploratory case study design was adopted to proceed with this research process at two organizations in Saudi Arabia. The interviews of the top and middle management are conducted and transcribed. These case studies were further analyzed using the Creswell approach to generate several themes, and descriptions provided a deeper understanding of the post ERP implementation issues and challenges.

Findings

Research findings show that for successful ERP implementation, identified factors are top management support, integration, strategy, employee resistance, BPR, change management, vendor selection, team formation and culture. Moreover, factors for the post-ERP implementation that led to sustainability are top management support, training, system adoption, system testing, data migration, cost overrun, employee retention and post-implementation support.

Originality/value

This study is unique in its type to examine the issues and challenges organizations face after deploying ERP initiatives. This research's findings were useful and supportive for the senior management interested in successfully sustaining such an initiative in the organization.
Implementing Google Tag Manager (GTM) in library websites
Authors: Kulkarni Anant Madhav , Pandiyan Muthumari , Sonawane Chetan Sudhakar
Published: September 2023

Purpose

The purpose of this research paper is to explore and offer insightful information on the useful use of Google Tag Manager (GTM) in the context of library websites and to bridge the gap between GTM’s technical features and the practical requirements of libraries. It gives libraries the ability to use GTM’s capabilities to increase user engagement, data-driven decision-making and improve online services.

Design/methodology/approach

This study reviews existing literature on GTM in the context of websites and libraries. The methodology involves identifying keywords and searching terms related to GTM, digital marketing, user engagement, Web analytics and library websites. Sources and databases were consulted, including library science journals, marketing journals, academic databases, publications on digital marketing and search platforms such as Google Books, Google Scholar, Google Search Engine, JSTOR and library associations like the American Library Association. Initial screening was done based on titles and abstracts, followed by a thorough-text review, categorization and synthesizing of the findings.

Findings

GTM provides libraries with a potent tool to improve their online presence, customize user experiences and collect insightful real-time data. Libraries may harness GTM’s potential to better engage people and provide services by properly implementing it and maintaining it over time. It can be a flexible instrument that supports contemporary library services in the digital era. The findings of this study indicate that GTM technology may be used in library services; nevertheless, there are several barriers, such as librarians’ attitudes and technical abilities, that prevent GTM acceptance in library services.

Originality/value

This study covers the implementation of a free GTM tool in library websites that will help the library and information professionals to leverage the GTM in the library’s online presence. Furthermore, this study recommends that libraries and librarians should develop guidelines and policies for the critical adoption of a free GTM tool in the library environment, which will support improving the library’s user engagement and tracking of library website traffic.
Corporate social responsibility of sports clubs: what do supporters think?
Authors: Tavares Joana , Borges Ana Pinto , Miguel Vieira Bruno , Vieira Elvira , Rodrigues Paula
Published: September 2023

Purpose

The authors intend to contribute to the lack of information about corporate social responsibility (CSR) in sports verified in the literature. The main purpose is to understand what the supporters' perceptions of CSR practices in sports clubs are and how these initiatives influence some of their attitudes towards the clubs they support.

Design/methodology/approach

Using a total sample of 142 supporters, the study hypotheses were tested with PLS-SEM structural equation modeling.

Findings

The authors conclude that CSR initiatives have a positive influence in the supporters' perception of the club and contribute to the positive word-of-mouth communication about the club. The results also show that these initiatives do not have a significant influence on the supporters' intention to become or remain paid members of sports clubs.

Originality/value

It should be noted that research on CSR in the national sports context is scarce, which increases the importance of its contribution to the literature in this area.
Exploring the roles of personality traits and self-efficacy on environmental engagement: a Sri Lankan youth survey
Authors: Sachitra Vilani
Published: September 2023

Purpose

Identifying the best predictors of environmental citizenship behavior (ECB) has been a major concern of both researchers and educators aimed at protecting environmental quality and sustain person-environment transactions. This study aims to examine the unique contribution of personality traits and self-efficacy beliefs to the ECB of university youth in Sri Lanka.

Design/methodology/approach

Quantitative research approach used. The internet-based survey method was used to collect data from undergraduates studying at six state universities and two nonstate universities. The measurement items of five personality traits, ECB and academic self-efficacy were adopted on established scales from the literature.

Findings

Multiple regression results revealed that the personality traits of extraversion, agreeableness and openness to experience, as well as academic self-efficacy, are significant predictors of ECB. Extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness and openness to experience significantly influenced academic self-efficacy. Model 6 of the PROCESS macro results indicated that academic self-efficacy partially mediated the contribution of extraversion, agreeableness and openness to experience traits to ECB.

Practical implications

These findings have broad implications for interventions aimed at enhancing youth environmental behavior. Whereas personality traits represent stable individual characteristics that mostly derive from individual hereditary endowment.

Originality/value

The study showed a holistic approach in explaining ECB that combined both personality traits and self-efficacy beliefs, indicating that they are interrelated and should not be treated in isolation.
Does CSR affect tax avoidance? Moderating role of political connections in Bangladesh banking sector
Authors: Rashid Md. Harun Ur , Begum Farhana , Hossain Syed Zabid , Said Jamaliah
Published: September 2023

Purpose

This study aims to investigate whether socially responsible businesses with corporate social expenditure are less prone to engaging in tax avoidance. The study also examines whether political connections moderate the association between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and tax avoidance.

Design/methodology/approach

The study uses ordinary least squares to analyse the panel data of all 30 listed banks on the Dhaka Stock Exchange covering 2012 to 2020. The study uses a set of alternative variables to check the robustness of the findings.

Findings

Confirming the corporate culture theory, the study findings indicate that the higher the firms’ CSR expenditure, the lower the tax avoidance. Contrarily, the moderating effect of political connection weakens the role of CSR in tax avoidance, implying that political relation makes the firms socially irresponsible. Besides, the findings document that firms with strong political connections are more likely to be tax aggressive by weakening the role of CSR. The findings imply that firms with weaker political connections are more socially responsible than firms with strong political ties.

Research limitations/implications

The study provides the bank management and regulatory bodies valuable insights to take necessary actions so that they can easily monitor whether the banks follow their instructions regarding CSR and tax payments. As the politicians make the firm socially irresponsible, the regulatory bodies and bank management should not keep them or their relatives on the board.

Originality/value

The study contributes to the CSR and tax avoidance literature considering the moderating role of political connections in Bangladesh banking sector.
Enhancing activity of food protein‐derived peptides: An overview of pretreatment, preparation, and modification methods
Authors: Chen Mengting , Ma Aimin , Sun Zhida , Xie Bijun , Shi Liu , Chen Sheng , Chen Lang , Xiong Guangquan , Wang Lan , Wu Wenjin
Published: September 2023

Food protein‐derived peptides have garnered considerable attention due to their potential bioactivities and functional properties. However, the limited activity poses a challenge in effective utilization aspects. To overcome this hurdle, various methods have been explored to enhance the activity of these peptides. This comprehensive review offers an extensive overview of pretreatment, preparation methods, and modification strategies employed to augment the activity of food protein‐derived peptides. Additionally, it encompasses a discussion on the current status and future prospects of bioactive peptide applications. The review also addresses the standardization of mass production processes and safety considerations for bioactive peptides while examining the future challenges and opportunities associated with these compounds. This comprehensive review serves as a valuable guide for researchers in the food industry, offering insights and recommendations to optimize the production process of bioactive peptides.
Pandemic surveillance and mobilities across Sydney, New South Wales
Authors: McDuie‐Ra Duncan , Robinson Daniel F. , Gulson Kalervo N.
Published: September 2023

In response to the acute public health crisis of COVID‐19 in 2020 and 2021, governments in Australia and around the world rushed to institute technologies to track human bodies with “live” surveillance. In Australia, “lockdowns” halted human mobilities in all states for different periods, and technologies for tracking bodies and collecting data were introduced after and between physical lockdowns. In this article, we analyse both the monitoring technologies developed to contend with COVID‐19 and the complex array of regulations and public health orders governing space and mobility in New South Wales and Sydney. Our focus on monitoring technologies is based on the COVIDSafe App (National) and the New South Wales COVIDSafe Check‐in App. These apps enabled the surveillance of individual mobilities before their sudden demise apparently unrelated to the public health scenario at the time. We argue that these technologies are examples of sensory power which rapidly enrolled human bodies in systems of surveillance that were difficult to unravel through 2022 and beyond. Our focus on regulations and public health orders outlines the shifting legal geographies during public health crisis and the ways these were enacted as mobility restrictions, surveillance, and punishment in western Sydney. We argue that the scars of the peak pandemic will endure in particular locations and communities, signalling the persistence of sensory power beyond the life of specific COVID‐19 tools.
Sediment and phosphorus contributions from eroding banks in a large intensively managed watershed in western Iowa, United States
Authors: Williams Forrest F. , Moore Peter L. , Allen Jade V. , Isenhart Thomas , Thomas John T. , Kovar John L. , Schilling Keith
Published: September 2023

In this study, a new remote sensing tool was used in conjunction with sampling of river bank sediments to map channel migration patterns and estimate the net contribution of bank erosion to the sediment and phosphorus (P) budget of the Nishnabotna River in southwestern Iowa. Between the years 2009 and 2018, we found that at least 1.81 ± 0.57 × 107 Mg of sediment and 8.26 ± 2.5 × 103 Mg of P entered the Nishnabotna River due to channel migration. This equates to 0.87 Mg of sediment per meter of channel per year and 0.40 kg of P per meter of channel per year. Barring additional deposition elsewhere in the river corridor, these values represent as much as 77% of annual suspended sediment and 46% of the annual P export from the watershed. Our results also indicate that the contribution of net sediment and P volume loss by stream order increases sharply from third to sixth order, even though the total channel length is much smaller in the higher orders. These results suggest that bank erosion is an important source of sediment and P within the watershed and that future attempts to decrease riparian exports of sediment and P should focus on high‐order reaches.
Elevated profiles of peripheral Th22, Th17, Th2 cells, and decreased percentage of Th1 cells in breast cancer patients
Authors: Peng Zhiguo , Dong Xinyue , He Miao , Zhao Yajing , Liu Yujia , Li Mo , Li Guosheng , Wang Xiuwen , Li Li , Hu Yu
Published: September 2023

Background

Th22 subset is a particular type of CD4+ T helper cells subset. Our study aimed to explore the expression level of circulating Th22, Th17, Th1, and Th2 cells and the possible mechanism of these cells in breast cancer (BC) with different pathological features.

Methods

Our study enrolled 43 newly diagnosed BC patients and 30 healthy controls. Frequencies of peripheral Th22, Th17, Th1, and Th2 cells were tested by flow cytometry. Concentrations of IL‐22 cytokine in plasma were examined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Real‐time PCR was done to test aromatic hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and RAR‐associated orphan receptor C (RORC) gene expression.

Results

Frequencies of Th22, Th17, Th2 subsets, and the plasma IL‐22 level was obviously higher in the BC patients. A positive correlation between Th22 frequency and IL‐22 concentration in plasma was detected in BC patients. Furthermore, the percentage of Th22, Th2 subsets in peripheral blood of HER2 positive BC was higher than that in HER2 negative BC patients. A negative correlation between Th1 subset and Ki‐67% as well as a positive correlation between Th2 subset and Ki‐67% was found in BC patients. The proportion of Th1 cells in BC patients was significantly lower than that of the control group. Expression of AHR and RORC transcription factors were also observed to be upregulated in the BC patients. Furthermore, Th22 cells were positively correlated with BC tumor stage and clinical outcomes. The BC patients with a higher percentage of Th22, Th17, Th1 cells or a lower percentage of Th1 cells showed a decreased trend of survival rate.

Conclusion

Th22, Th17, Th1, and Th2 subsets may play an essential role in BC patients. Th22, Th17, Th1, and Th2 cells may have potential significance to be used as clinical markers in BC patients with different molecular classification. Th22 cells may have potential value in BC patients’ outcomes prediction, providing clinical value.
The ethics of using body mass index in in‐vitro fertilization risk assessment
Authors: Williams Valerie
Published: September 2023

In‐vitro fertilization clinics across the world currently use the body mass index (BMI) to assess risk for and determine access to in‐vitro fertilization (IVF); however, clinics vary widely in both setting specific BMI limits for access to IVF and articulating the reasons for their policies. Given that scholars have begun to question the usefulness of BMI for individual health risk assessment, it is striking that ethicists have not yet systematically evaluated the reasons given for using BMI in assessing individuals' risk in IVF treatments. In this paper, I provide the first systematic analysis of the chief arguments currently offered by IVF programs for using BMI as a criterion for risk assessment. Specifically, I articulate empirical concerns about the success of IVF in high‐BMI patients, practical concerns about the ability of high‐BMI patients to safely undergo procedures associated with IVF, and ethical concerns about the risk‐to‐reward ratio for high‐BMI patients and their potential children. I advance a series of objections to those arguments, using empirical data regarding IVF procedures and analogies with other high‐risk conditions including systemic lupus erythematosus, and science regarding the diagnosis of BMI‐correlated comorbidities such as high blood pressure or diabetes to argue that BMI alone is not a reasonable criterion for risk assessment in IVF; moreover, the usage of BMI may involve unacceptable violations of the bioethical principles of justice and respect for autonomy. Instead, I hold that IVF programs should rely on more precise laboratory and clinical measurements to evaluate risk in IVF.
Maneuvering responsive, tactical, and preventive innovation in an innovation ecosystem to address the grand challenge of organized crime
Authors: Nilsson Susanne , Ritzén Sofia
Published: September 2023

Our knowledge of how to design innovation ecosystems that effectively deal with grand challenges or wicked problems is currently insufficient due to a lack of understanding of their joint innovation processes. Through the use of an in‐depth case of an innovation ecosystem designed to combat organized crime, this study shows how diverse government authorities manoeuvre innovation and interact to continuously make the challenge amenable and identify and implement provisional and innovative solutions. Drawing on extensive data gathered from observations, documentation, and interviews with multiple stakeholders, we contribute to the innovation ecosystem literature by offering a model of three interdependent and complementary innovation processes: responsive, preventive, and tactical innovation, supporting an ongoing and distributed experimentation among diverse actors. Furthermore, we emphasize the use of a hybrid interorganizational structure that combines hierarchical and horizontal structures, over one that is entirely network‐based, and we highlight the crucial role of a focal collective actor as opposed to a single orchestrator of the ecosystem. Finally, the study suggests attention not only to strengths and complementary attributes but also to vulnerabilities and gaps between involved actors, providing unique innovation opportunities. The paper offers valuable guidance to designers and coordinators of innovation ecosystems addressing grand challenges.
Suitability of respiratory endoscopy for sampling malignant thoracic tumors for comprehensive genomic profiling
Authors: Fujimoto Kazushi , Matsumoto Yuji , Imabayashi Tatsuya , Uchimura Keigo , Furuse Hideaki , Tsuchida Takaaki
Published: September 2023

Comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) is implemented to detect actionable gene aberrations and design matched therapies. Although malignant thoracic tumors are commonly detected through respiratory endoscopy, it is questionable whether the small specimens obtained thereof are sufficient for CGP. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the suitability of respiratory endoscopy for sampling primary and metastatic thoracic tumors for CGP. Patients whose specimens were collected through respiratory endoscopy and assessed by pathologists to determine their suitability for CGP at our institution between June 2019 and May 2022 were reviewed retrospectively. The suitability of each procedure as a sampling technique for CGP and, in the cases actually analyzed, the distribution of the detected gene aberration were assessed. In total, 122 patients were eligible for analysis; the median age was 61 (range, 29–86) years, and 71 (58.2%) patients were male. Primary intrathoracic tumors were found in 91 (74.6%) cases, including 84 (68.9%) primary lung cancers; the remaining thoracic metastases of extrathoracic origin included various types. The suitability rates of specimens obtained using conventional bronchoscopy with and without cryobiopsy, endobronchial ultrasound‐guided transbronchial needle aspiration, and medical thoracoscopy were 82.8% (24/29), 70.4% (19/27), 72.9% (35/48), and 100% (18/18), respectively. Of the 96 cases judged suitable, 83 were subjected to CGP, and all but one were successfully analyzed. Finally, 47 (56.6%) patients had at least one actionable gene aberration and eight (9.6%) were treated with the corresponding targeted therapies. In conclusion, specimens obtained through respiratory endoscopy are suitable for CGP; medical thoracoscopy and cryobiopsy in conventional bronchoscopy are particularly useful.
Pharmacokinetic study of the interaction between luteolin and magnoflorine in rats
Authors: Liu Lu , Li Xiaohua
Published: September 2023

Both luteolin and magnoflorine have been reported to regulate the development of breast cancer, which makes them easier to co‐administrate. Luteolin was co‐administrated with magnoflorine to evaluate their potential interaction. The pharmacokinetic study was performed on male Sprague–Dawley rats randomly grouped as the single administration of luteolin and the co‐administration of luteolin and magnoflorine with six rats of each. CaCO‐2 cell transwell assay was employed for transport evaluation, and the metabolic stability of luteolin and CYP3A activity were assessed in rat liver microsomes. The effect of luteolin on MDA‐MB‐231 cells was assessed with CCK8 assay. Magnoflorine significantly changed the pharmacokinetic profile of luteolin with increased area under the curve (AUC), prolonged t1/2, and reduced clearance rate. Magnoflorine also suppressed the efflux ratio and improved the in vitro metabolic stability of luteolin. Magnoflorine also enhanced the inhibitory effect of luteolin on MDA‐MB‐231 cells. Magnoflorine significantly inhibited CYP3A activity with the IC50 of 18.99 μM. Magnoflorine prolonged the system exposure, enhanced the metabolic stability, and enhanced the anti‐tumor effect of luteolin through inactivating CYP3A.
Detection of wind turbines rotary motion by birds: A matter of speed and contrast
Authors: Blary Constance , Bonadonna Francesco , Dussauze Elise , Potier Simon , Besnard Aurélien , Duriez Olivier
Published: September 2023

To reduce bird collisions on wind turbines, Automatic Detection Systems have been developed to locate approaching birds and trigger turbines to slowdown to 2–3 rotations per minute (rpm). However, it is unknown whether birds can detect this reduced speed and avoid the turbine. We conducted an operant conditioning experiment on domestic doves (Streptopelia roseogrisea) and Harris's hawks (Parabuteo unicinctus) to assess their ability to discriminate between stationary and rotating miniature wind turbines, depending on the rotation speed and the contrast between the white blades and the background (only for doves for the latter). At high contrast, regardless of the speed tested, hawks were able to differentiate between the rotating and stationary turbines, while doves were not able to discriminate the slow‐rotating turbine (3 rpm) from the stationary one. The discrimination threshold increased to 8 rpm for the doves when the contrast was reduced. Our results suggest that the residual wind turbine speed of 2–3 rpm may not be detected by all bird species under all environmental conditions. Increasing the contrast between wind turbines and their environment may improve the detection of low‐speed rotation by some birds, otherwise, complete turbine shutdown should be recommended.
Common bile duct varices bleeding: Fully covered metal stent as rescue therapy
Authors: Cecinato Paolo , Sicuro Chiara , Sassatelli Romano
Published: September 2023

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The relative influence of temperature and ontogeny on groundfish distribution varies across life stages
Authors: Li Lingbo , Hollowed Anne B. , Cokelet Edward D. , Keller Aimee A. , Barbeaux Steve J. , McClure Michelle M. , Palsson Wayne A.
Published: September 2023

Distributional changes for fish populations may be difficult to interpret since temperature responses are often confounded with ontogenetic shifts. However, the relative importance of these two types of fish movement (temperature responses and ontogenetic shifts) to population distribution remains largely unstudied. This study presents the first attempt to compare the two types of movement in depth, latitude and longitude for 10 abundant groundfish species across size class and subregion. We utilized large, quality‐controlled datasets from random depth‐stratified, bottom trawl surveys consistently conducted during the summer along NE Pacific shelf from 1996 to 2015. We show that the size structure of each species varied across years and subregions with dramatically strong or poor recruitments for some species in 2015 during a marine heatwave. Principal component analysis (PCA) demonstrated that ontogenetic shifts in depth represented the primary movement pattern while temperature responses in latitude and longitude constituted a major, but a secondary pattern. Re‐run by size class, PCA results further showed that the influence of temperature and ontogeny on population distribution varied by size classes with greater ontogenetic shifts in smaller fish and elevated temperature responses in larger fish. We further show substantial ontogeny‐induced movements by depth, latitude and longitude with high variability among species and subregions. Our analyses suggest that failing to account for size structure can lead to serious misinterpretation of population distributional changes in all three dimensions: depth, latitude and longitude for populations with or without episodic recruitments.
‘Eating is like experiencing a gamble’: A qualitative study exploring the dietary decision‐making process in adults with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Ting‐Ting Yin , Wen‐Jing Tu , Yi‐Ting Li , Wen‐Jing Xu , Gui‐Hua Xu
Published: September 2023

Background

For adults with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), they experience many challenges in dietary decision‐making. Thus, this study examined the perspective and experiences of adults with IBD in dietary decision‐making.

Objective

This study aimed to explore the perception and consideration of people with IBD in their daily dietary decisions through monitoring, interpretation and action during the decision‐making process.

Design

A qualitative study of individuals affected by IBD was conducted through semistructured interviews.

Results

Twenty patients were recruited from four tertiary hospitals in Nanjing, China, and each participant completed a semistructured interview. The majority of participants reported on the process and experience of dietary decision‐making. Key themes were categorised into three stages: (1) assessing needs, preferences and food cues (monitor); (2) moving from experience to expertise (interpret) and (3) balancing expectations amidst limitations (act). The majority of participants reported that their decisions were shaped by assessing current disease status and food cues. Those interviewed with IBD were willing to make tradeoffs for bowel stability, but their decisions were also influenced by past dietary experiences and traditional Chinese beliefs. The lack of awareness of dietary guidelines was a significant barrier to healthy eating decisions. Positive or negative feelings accompanied dietary decisions.

Conclusion

Although most people with IBD change their diet after diagnosis, the changes made are often inconsistent with existing dietary recommendations. Several factors can influence the dietary decision‐making process. This study will help assess the experiences of people with IBD in dietary decision‐making to encourage the formation of targeted dietary health and well‐being interventions. Knowledge of nutrition and diet should be provided in education and training programmes for IBD management.

Patient or Public Contribution

The first three authors of this paper were the lead researchers in this study's design. These authors were mentored by patient researchers who also contributed to the manuscript, and the research process was co‐lead and directed by other patient participants and consultants. The results of this paper were directly obtained from patient participants.
Primicimex cavernis Barber 1941 (Heteroptera: Cimicidae): A rare parasite on a very abundant host
Authors: Roth S. , Calva O. , Kennedy J. , Reinhardt K.
Published: September 2023

Species richness and abundance of hosts and parasites are often not perfectly correlated. This may be caused by higher parasite than host extinction rates or population declines, but lower parasite discovery effort has also been suggested.

The Mexican free‐tailed bat Tadarida brasiliensis is one of the most common and widespread vertebrates in the Americas and host to the ectoparasite Primicimex cavernis, for which only 14 literature records from six sites worldwide exist.

Here, we confirm a much smaller parasite than host range. Two dedicated field trips revealed two new P. cavernis sites. In Texas, we found 87% out of eight sites negative for P. cavernis. However, this more likely reflects rarity than low discovery effort, because in one large population (>1000 individuals) in Sonora, putatively negative records occurred at only 31% of 16 sampling dates. Currently, live individuals of P. cavernis are known from only one cave in the United States and one in Mexico.

Protecting these existing sites is necessary to preserve this charismatic animal but it should not release us from aiming to discover new sites.
Physicochemical characteristics and digestive properties of cell wall polysaccharides fractionated from sunflower meal
Authors: Xu Shuai , Wu Zhong‐Wei , Shi Ke‐Quan , Jin Yu‐Xuan , Guo Qing , Liu Hua‐Min , Qin Zhao , Wang Xue‐De
Published: September 2023

To further utilise plant protein in oilseeds, it is vital to understand the structural and digestive characteristics of cell wall polysaccharides fractionated from sunflower meal. Water, chelator (cyclohexane‐trans‐1,2‐diaminetetra‐acetate, CDTA), sodium carbonate, 1 mol L−1 KOH, and 4 mol L−1 KOH were used to sequentially extract polysaccharides from sunflower meal, yielding samples that were labelled WSP, CSP, NSP, KS1, and KS4, respectively. Results indicated that galactose (1,6‐β‐D‐Galp) was the major sugar unit in WSP, while arabinose (1,3‐α‐L‐Araf and 1,5‐α‐L‐Araf) was the major sugar in the other four fractions. KS4 showed the highest molecular weight and the lowest thermal stability. The surface of the five polysaccharides was shown to be heterogeneous using SEM and AFM, with KS4 having the highest average size. The molecular weight of the five polysaccharides decreased during simulated digestion in vitro. It was noteworthy that the structures of KS1 and KS4 were harder to destroy than the other three fractions. These two polysaccharides are perhaps what makes sunflower protein difficult to digest, thereby decreasing its nutritional value.
Investigation of quantitative changes in bioactive compounds, colour properties, phenolic constituents and mineral contents of fresh, boiled and dried‐pea (Pisum sativum L.) seeds
Authors: Younis Mahmoud , Mohamed Ahmed Isam A. , Özcan Mehmet Musa , Uslu Nurhan
Published: September 2023

In this study, the changes in bioactive properties, phenolic compound profile and mineral results of fresh, boiled and dried pea seeds were investigated. It was observed that the total phenol, flavonoid and antioxidant capacity results of heat‐treated peas were decreased when compared to the control. Total carotenoid result of peas dried in oven and microwave were significantly increased compared to control and boiled peas (P < 0.05). Oven or microwave heating treatments increased the L* values of samples, while boiling caused a decrease in L* results. As with the bioactive properties of peas, the phenolic component amounts of peas were also low in the dried samples, and a linear correlation was obtained between the phenolic components and bioactive properties of the treated pea seeds. The highest protein content was detected in the peas dried in the conventional heater. Both fresh and dried peas are rich in K, P, Ca, Mg, S, Fe and Zn. K results of fresh and dried pea samples ranged from 19 258.50 (boiling) to 23 820.31 ppm (dw; oven).
Measuring learning from others: The development and validation of the Proactive Social Informal Learning Questionnaire
Authors: Crans Samantha , Froehlich Dominik , Segers Mien , Beausaert Simon
Published: September 2023

The present study aims to develop, validate, and cross‐validate an instrument measuring three proactive social informal learning activities, namely feedback seeking, help seeking and information seeking. Prior research mainly focused on detecting or measuring the frequency of these seeking behaviours and did not consider whether the information, help or feedback that has been sought was also used. Furthermore, although these seeking behaviours were studied extensively in different research fields, the current study takes a learning perspective and interprets feedback, help and information seeking as learning activities. The questionnaire was completed by a convenient sample of 650 professionals working in higher education, consultancy, retail and food production. We performed an exploratory factor analysis (N = 230 educators) to explore the structure of the questionnaire. This was followed by a confirmatory factor analysis (N = 230 educators) to confirm the structure. Finally, we cross‐validated the questionnaire in a sample of business professionals (N = 190) by testing for measurement invariance. The final questionnaire resulted in a five‐factor structure measuring the (1) Use of Feedback Seeking, (2) Frequency of Help and Information Seeking, (3) Use of Help seeking, (4) Use of Information Seeking and (5) Frequency of Feedback Seeking. The current study presents a preliminary, yet promising instrument that taps into proactive social informal learning.
Women's happiness levels based on labour force status in Türkiye: A pseudo‐panel perspective
Authors: Ermiş‐Mert Aslı
Published: September 2023

This article examines the impact of mainly being in different labour force statuses on women's happiness levels in Türkiye. Other predictors include educational level, household income and what makes one the happiest. Ordered logistic regression models are used by implementing a pseudo‐panel approach. Findings demonstrate that unemployed women are less likely to be happier relative to women in paid work. There is a statistically significant higher likelihood for housewives to report being happier compared to employed women throughout the years for the same cohort, which could be associated with the (socially structured) fulfilment brought about by the conformity to traditional gender roles in a context where these norms are widely adopted, and concurrently the circumstances diminishing working women's happiness at home and in the job market. The probability to report being very happy is the highest for highly educated housewives who have a high level of household income, yet it decreases over time for the cohort observed. Findings refer to the importance of enhancing the well‐being of women in paid work via supporting equal domestic division of labour patterns and improving their conditions in the labour market.
Gaps in education and marital dissolution: Evidence from India
Authors: Maiti Surya Nath
Published: September 2023

India has had a low divorce rate only recently, but the divorce rate is rising following the international trend. The rising divorce rate has gained considerable attention among social scientists. The paper identifies gaps in spouses’ educational attainment as a potential cause of rising failed marriages in India. Using a nationally representative large survey dataset, namely the fourth round of the District Level Household Survey, we show that the likelihood of divorce and separation is higher among women who are comparatively more educated than their partners. Moreover, the likelihood increases as the positive education gap increases. The incidences of divorce are significant among those residing in rural areas, educated up to secondary and beyond, and unemployed despite being more educated than their husbands. Although the results show that women are gaining autonomy in deciding whether to move out of marriages, the government must provide free education for women, at least up to the secondary standard, as being more educated than their partner does not provide them the autonomy to dissolve their marriages unless they are educated at least up to secondary standard.
Problematising EU Cybersecurity: Exploring How the Single Market Functions as a Security Practice
Authors: Liebetrau Tobias
Published: September 2023

This article furthers the debate between European Studies and Critical Security Studies by demonstrating how European Union (EU) single market integration functions as a security practice in the area of cybersecurity. It explores how the EU has rendered digitisation as a security concern and cybersecurity emerged as an object of EU governance by developing an analytical approach based on problematisation. Situating the problematisation approach in the genealogical tradition of Foucault, it argues that it provides us with an analytical toolbox enabling inquiry into the conditions that make contemporary security problems possible, powerful and changeable. Tracing EU security problematisations of digitisation over four decades, it shows how the single market has come to function as a security practice and stresses the political implications of it. The final part of the article re‐problematises the findings to afford insights into how they can be rethought at the intersection of European Studies and Critical Security Studies.