bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ontology-Mediated Probabilistic Model Checking (Extended Version)
Authors: Dubslaff Clemens , Koopmann Patrick , Turhan Anni-Yasmin
Published: June 2022

Probabilistic model checking (PMC) is a well-established method for the quantitative analysis of dynamic systems. On the other hand, description logics (DLs) provide a well-suited formalism to describe and reason about static knowledge, used in many areas to specify domain knowledge in an ontology. We investigate how such knowledge can be integrated into the PMC process, introducing ontology-mediated PMC. Specifically, we propose a formalism that links ontologies to dynamic behaviors specified by guarded commands, the de-facto standard input formalism for PMC tools such as Prism. Further, we present and implement a technique for their analysis relying on existing DL-reasoning and PMC tools. This way, we enable the application of standard PMC techniques to analyze knowledge-intensive systems. Our approach is implemented and evaluated on a multi-server system case study, where different DL-ontologies are used to provide specifications of different server platforms and situations the system is executed in.
Co-production of public goods in Slovakia
Authors: Murray Svidroňová Maria , Nemeč Juraj , Vaceková Gabriela
Published: June 2022

Public-Owned Enterprises (POEs) are generally large economic enterprises owned and governed by state institutions. POEs generally are the sole or the main provider of the key public goods and services as water, electricity, transport, telecommunications, and postal services. If administered efficiently, the POEs are important for national development and perspective of natural economic resources. The concern is how accurately these monopolistic enterprises are organized in aspects of administrative and managerial perspectives to function as effectively as possible for the objectives they are created. Therefore an overall summary of the public-owned enterprises is presented through their process of emerging, privatization, and evolution in Albania, southeast Europe. The process was accompanied by shortcomings due to its ad-hoc nature; and associated with negative effects of bad management, governance corruption, and low efficiency of the operational activities and results.
notion d'évidence et son expression linguistique dans la rhétorique scientifique
Authors: Grossmann Francis
Published: June 2022

Starting from the concept of evidentia, which was defined by ancient rhetoric as "what is set before the eyes, obvious" and has recently been revisited by linguistics and discourse analysis, our paper offers a case study of some rhetorical patterns of ‘obviousness' in academic discourse. The study, based on a large corpus of doctoral theses and scientific articles, written in French in various disciplines, aims to identify and classify the different kinds of phraseologisms that are used by scientific authors to express the obviousness of a concept or an assertion. Our results highlight two main types of phraseologisms: one showing the need to "go beyond the obvious" in order to reach scientific truth and the second expressing the "worth of calling to mind" some obvious facts before starting a demonstration.
Development of a MARTINI Coarse-Grained Model of the Rosette Nanotubes
Authors: Karra Vyshnavi , Hung Francisco , Fenniri Hicham
Published: June 2022

A significant challenge in healthcare is providing effective treatments with minimal side effects. This is particularly true in chemotherapies, where side effects can range from nausea to chemo-induced seizures. As a result, the area of nanotechnology can provide targeted drug delivery systems to boost the efficacy of the drugs and potentially minimize the side effects for more personalized treatment. To develop these systems, building models can complement experiments and provide guidance on which systems could be more effective to reduce research and development costs and potentially speed up the process. In this paper, the first-of-its-kind coarse-grained MARTINI v2.2 model of a biocompatible rosette nanotube was developed, tested, and compared to previ- ous simulation and experimental work. The coarse-grained model structure was in good agreement with the all-atom structure based on the nanotube characterizations performed (eg. axial rise was approximately 0.39 nm, which is close to experimen- tal values). However, more optimization is needed, especially for when the RNT is functionalized.
DFT Exchange: Sharing Perspectives on the Workhorse of Quantum Chemistry and Materials Science
Authors: Teale Andrew , Helgaker Trygve , Savin Andreas , Adamo Carlo , Aradi Balint , Arbuznikov Alexei , Ayers Paul , Baerends Evert Jan , Barone Vincenzo , Calaminici Patrizia , Cances Eric , Carter Emily , Chattaraj Pratim , Chermette Henry , Ciofini Ilaria , Crawford Daniel , De Proft Frank , Dobson John , Draxl Caludia , Frauenheim Thomas , Fromager Emmanuel , Fuentealba Patricio , Gagliardi Laura , Galli Giulia , Gao Jiali , Geerlings Paul , Gidopoulous Nikitas , Gill Peter , Gori-Giorgi Paola , Gorling Andreas , Gould TIm , Grimme Stefan , Gritsenko Oleg , Jensen Hans Jorgen , Johnson Erin , Jones Robert , Kaupp Martin , Koster Andreas , Kronik Leeor , Krylov Anna , Kvaal Simen , Laestadius Andre , Levy Mel , Lewin Mathieu , Liu Shubin , Loos Pierre-Francois , Maitra Neepa , Neese Frank , Perdew John , Pernal Katarzyna , Pernot Pascal , Piecuch Piotr , Rebolini Elisa , Reining Lucia , Romaniello Pina , Ruzsinszky Adrienn , Salahub Dennis , Scheffler Matthias , Schwerdtfeger Peter , Staroverov Vicktor , Sun Jianwei , Tellgren Erik , Tozer David , Trickey Sam , Ullrich Carsten , Vela Alberto , Vignale Giovanni , Wesolowski Tomasz , Xu Xin , Yang Weitao
Published: June 2022

In this paper, the history, present status, and future of density-functional theory (DFT) is informally reviewed and discussed by 70 workers in the field, including molecular scientists, materials scientists, method developers and practitioners. The format of the paper is that of a roundtable discussion, in which the participants express and exchange views on DFT in the form of 300 individual contributions, formulated as responses to a preset list of 26 questions. Supported by a bibliography of 776 entries, the paper represents a broad snapshot of DFT, anno 2022.
On the trail of molecular hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity at aqueous interfaces
Authors: Chen Wanlin , E. Sanders Stephanie , Ozdamar Burak , Louaas Dorian , Siro Brigiano Flavio , Pezzotti Simone , B. Petersen Poul , Gaigeot Marie-Pierre
Published: June 2022

Dissecting the liquid water organization in contact with hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces is essential for understanding the chemical and physical properties of aqueous interfaces. Recently developed descriptors for microscopic hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity based either on molecular dynamics (MD) simulations or on surface-sensitive nonlinear optical techniques, such as sum frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy, manage to capture and quantify the change in local molecular hydrophobicity at heterogeneous surfaces. However, the connections between the theoretical/structural descriptors and spectroscopic fingerprints have not been established yet. Here, we combine density functional theory-based MD simulations (DFT-MD) and both theoretical and experimental SFG spectroscopy to explore how the interfacial water responds in contact with self-assembled monolayers (SAM) of tunable hydrophilicity. We introduce a microscopic metric to track the transition from hydrophobic to hydrophilic interfaces, which combines a structural descriptor based on the preferential orientation within the water network in the topmost binding interfacial layer (BIL) and spectroscopic fingerprints of H-bonded and dangling OH groups of water pointing towards the surface carried by BIL-resolved SFG spectra. This metric builds a bridge between molecular descriptors of hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity and spectroscopically measured quantities, and provides a recipe to quantitatively or qualitatively interpret experimental SFG signals.
Bismuth radical catalysis in the activation and coupling of redox-active electrophiles
Authors: Mato Mauro , Spinnato Davide , Leutzsch Markus , Moon Hye Won , Reijerse Edward , Cornella Josep
Published: June 2022

Radical cross-coupling reactions represent a revolutionary tool to forge C(sp3)–C and C(sp3)–heteroatom bonds, by means of transition metals, photoredox or electrochemical approaches. This study demonstrates how a low-valent bismuth complex is able to undergo one-electron oxidative addition with redox-active alkyl radical precursors in an autonomous manner, mimicking the behavior of first-row transition metals. This reactivity paradigm for bismuth gives rise to unique radical-equilibrium complexes, which could be fully characterized in solution and solid state. The resulting Bi(III)–C(sp3) intermediates display divergent reactivity patterns depending on the α-substituents of the alkyl fragment. Mechanistic investigations on this reactivity led to the development of a bismuth-catalyzed C(sp3)–N cross-coupling reaction that operates under mild conditions and accommodates synthetically relevant N-heterocycles as coupling partners.
Topological analysis of functions on arbitrary grids: Applications to quantum chemistry
Authors: Hutcheon Michael , Teale Andrew
Published: June 2022

Algorithms are presented for performing a topological analysis of an arbitrary function, evaluated on an arbitrary grid of points. These algorithms work strictly by post-processing the data and require no additional function evaluations. This is achieved by connecting the grid points with a neighbourhood graph, allowing the topological analysis to be recast as a problem in graph theory. The flexibility of the approach is demonstrated for various applications involving analysis of the charge and magnetically induced current densities in molecules, where features of the neighbourhood graph are found to correspond to chemically relevant topographical properties, such as Bader charges. These properties converge using an order of magnitude fewer grid points than uniform-grid approaches, whilst exhibiting an appealing O(N log(N)) scaling of the computational cost. The issue of grid bias is discussed in the context of graph based algorithms and strategies for avoiding this bias are presented. Python implementations of the algorithms are provided.
Hydrogen Adsorption Energy Necessary but Not Sufficient for HER Catalysis: Connecting Machine-Learned Descriptors with High-Throughput Experimental Catalysis over Bimetallic Nanoparticles
Authors: Broderick Kirby , Lopato Eric , Wander Brook , Bernhard Stefan , Kitchin John , Ulissi Zachary
Published: June 2022

The Sabatier principle is of fundamental importance to computational catalyst discovery, saving researchers time and expense by predicting catalytic activity \emph{in silico} at scale. However, as polycrystalline and nanoscale catalysts increasingly dominate industry, computational screening tools must be adapted to these uses. In this work, we demonstrate the effectiveness of computational adsorption energy screening in nanocatalysis by comparing a multisite adsorption energy prediction workflow against a large experimental dataset of hydrogen evolution activities over bimetallic nanoparticles. Comparing 16 million hydrogen adsorption energy predictions with the hydrogen evolution activity of 5,300 experiments across 84 monometallic and bimetallic systems, we discover that favorable adsorption energies are a necessary condition for experimental activity, but other factors often determine trends in practice. About half of the bimetallic search space can be excluded from experimental screens using hydrogen adsorption predictions, but these tools may become significantly more powerful when combined with other screening tools.
Krein Support Vector Machine Classification of Antimicrobial Peptides
Authors: Redshaw Joseph , Ting Darren , Brown Alex , Hirst Jonathan , Gaertner Thomas
Published: June 2022

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) represent a potential solution to the growing problem of antimicrobial resistance, yet their identification through wet-lab experiments is a costly and time-consuming process. Accurate computational predictions would allow rapid in silico screening of candidate AMPs, thereby accelerating the discovery process. Kernel methods are a class of machine learning algorithms that utilise a kernel function to transform input data into a new representation. When appropriately normalised, the kernel function can be regarded as a notion of similarity between instances. However, many expressive notions of similarity are not valid kernel functions, meaning they cannot be used with standard kernel methods such as the support-vector machine (SVM). The Kreın-SVM represents a generalisation of the standard SVM that admits a much larger class of similarity functions. In this study, we propose and develop Kreın-SVM models for AMP classification and prediction by employing the Levenshtein distance and local alignment score as sequence similarity functions. Utilising two datasets from the literature, each containing more than 3000 peptides, we train models to predict general antimicrobial activity. Our best models achieve an AUC of 0.967 and 0.863 on the test sets of each respective dataset, outperforming the in-house and literature baselines in both cases. We also curate a dataset of experimentally validated peptides, measured against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, in order to evaluate the applicability of our methodology in predicting microbe-specific activity. In this case, our best models achieve an AUC of 0.933 and 0.917, respectively. Models to predict both general and microbe-specific activities are made available as web applications.
Synthesis of Multifunctional Amorphous Metallic Shell on Crystalline Metallic Nanoparticles
Authors: Parakh Abhinav , Kiani Mehrdad Toussi , Lindgren Emily , Colmenares Anabelle , Lee Andrew Curtis , Suzuki Yuri , Gu Xun Wendy
Published: June 2022

Colloidal nanoparticles can be coated with a conformal shell to form multifunctional nanoparticles. For instance, plasmonic, magnetic, and catalytic properties, chemical stability and biocompatibility can be mixed and matched. Here, a facile synthesis for depositing metal boride amorphous coatings on colloidal metallic nanocrystals is introduced. The synthesis is independent of core size, shape, capping ligand, and composition. Shell thickness can be as thin as 3 nm with no apparent pinholes. High pressure studies show that the coatings are highly resistant to crystallization and are strongly bonded to the crystalline core. By choosing either CoB or NiB for the coating, the composite nanoparticles can be either ferromagnetic or paramagnetic at room temperature, respectively.
Molecular Detection of Porphyromonas gingivalis in COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Kareem Haifa H , Al-Ghurabi Batool H , Albadri Cinaria
Published: June 2022

Background:SARS-CoV-2 infection has caused a global pandemic that continues to negatively impact human health. A large group of microbial domains including bacteria co-evolved and interacted in complex molecular pathogenesis along with SARS-CoV-2. Evidence suggests that periodontal disease bacteria are involved in COVID-19, and are associated with chronic inflammatory systemic diseases. This study was performed to investigate the association between bacterial loads of Porphyromonas gingivalis and pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Fifty patients with confirmed COVID-19 by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, their age ranges between 20-76 years, and 35 healthy volunteers (matched accordingly with age and sex to the patients) participated in this case control study. Oral hygiene status was determined by the simplified oral hygiene index. Blood and saliva samples were obtained from patients and controls, Porphyromonas gingivalis quantification from extracted DNA of blood and saliva samples performed by means of real-time polymerase chain reaction. The present result revealed that the quantity of salivary Porphyromonas gingivalis was significantly higher (p=0.003) in the patients’ group than in the controls group, while there was no significant difference in the number of bacteria in the blood samples between the two groups. Moreover, the number of bacteria in severe cases was higher than that in moderate and mild with no significant differences, and there was a significant increase in the number of bacteria among patients with poor oral hygiene compared to patients with good oral hygiene. This study demonstrated that the high level of salivary Porphyromonas gingivalis in patients increases in number with disease severity, which may indicate that bacterial infections contribute to the spread of the disease.
CEMITÉRIOS VERTICAIS NO BRASIL E SEUS PLANEJAMENTOS DIANTE DA EXPANSÃO URBANA: UMA REVISÃO BIBLIOMÉTRICA
Authors: Rocha João Victor Vieira , Bueno Paulo Henrique De Carvalho
Published: June 2022

A prática do sepultamento em campos ensolarados já perdura há vários séculos, o que a princípio era visto como uma solução sanitária, logo se tornou um sério problema ambiental e de gestão espacial. No Brasil a grande maioria dos cemitérios ainda são dispostos horizontalmente e defronte do demasiado crescimento urbano, diversas preocupações são levantadas, ao passo que são desenvolvidos estudos científicos que buscam propor a adoção de cemitérios verticais como modelo solucionador. Nesse sentido, objetiva-se analisar os planejamentos e propostas de cemitérios verticais no Brasil a partir de revisão bibliográfica. Para tanto, adota-se como procedimento metodológico a investigação de produções acadêmicas indexadas nas bases de dados on-line SciELO e Google Acadêmico que versam sobre a temática em tela. Dos 369 trabalhos encontrados, foram selecionados e analisados 11 artigos científicos que desenvolvem sobre a proposta do estudo. A respeito dos resultados, a maior parte dos estudos indicam a necessidade de adoção das necrópoles verticais no país, em função dos riscos ambientais. No entanto, tais projetos, em geral, ignoram o cultural e o religioso intrínseco a estes espaços.
La investigación interdisciplinar: una reflexión necesaria
Authors: Román Ochoa María Antonina
Published: June 2022

La educación interdisciplinar se ha convertido en un desafío curricular para las instituciones de educación superior, ya que la tradicional brecha que limita las disciplinas genera divisiones epistemológicas y pragmáticas, que impiden el diálogo y la comunicación, que posibilitaría la funcionalidad de un buen trabajo en equipo y aportan a la solución de problemáticas desde perspectivas diversas, imposibles de solucionar desde solo un punto de vista. Diversas oportunidades para adquirir conocimiento en conjunto con otras disciplinas pueden resultar interesantes para los estudiantes y podríamos motivarlos a aproximarse a asuntos sociales de manera colectiva e interdisciplinar, función que, en parte, pretende esta revista.
Que estos espacios de publicación sean la ventana para visibilizar los esfuerzos y las reflexiones acerca de la investigación y el trabajo interdisciplinar.
Pelatihan Penulisan Artikel Ilmiah dan Publikasi Jurnal Nasional bagi Guru SMA di Kota Semarang
Authors: Wiyaka Wiyaka , Saputro Bagus Ardi , Prastikawati Entika Fani
Published: June 2022

Kebutuhan akan guru yang professional tidak dapat dihindari pada era sekarang ini. Para guru diharapkan mampu untuk meningkatkan profesionalisme mereka melalui beberapa kegiatan akademik. Salah satu kegiatan akademik tersebut adalah mempublikasikan artikel akademik mereka dalam sebuah jurnal nasional. Sayangnya, masih banyak guru yang memiliki pengetahuan terbatas akan bagaimana menyusun dan mempublikasikan artikel akademik dalam sebuah jurnal. Hal ini dikarenakan mereka tidak memiliki informasi terkini terkait sistem dalam publikasi jurnal. Terlebih lagi, kebanyakan jurnal sekarang ini menggunakan sistem jurnal terbuka (OJS) yang juga tidak dipahami oleh para guru. Menyadari hal tersebut, kegiatan pelatihan  ini bertujuan agar guru bahasa mampu dalam menyusun dan mempublikasikan artikel akademik mereka dalam jurnal. Dengan melibatkan delapan puluh satu (81) guru Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA) di Semarang, PKM ini dilaksanakan dalam tiga rangkaian kegiatan yang terstruktur. Kegiatan tersebut dilaksanakan dalam bentuk pelatihan di mana guru diberikan pengetahuan akan struktur artikel akademik dan OJS yang diikuti dengan pelatihan menulis artikel dan menggunakan aplikasi Mendeley.  Hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini menunjukkan bahwa guru yang berpartisipasi menyatakan puas dan termotivasi dalam menulis artikel akademik. Terlebih lagi beberapa dari mereka akhirnya berhasil mempublikasikan artikel mereka dalam jurnal-jurnal nasional. Hasil tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa PKM yang dilaksanakan oleh tim dari Universitas PGRI Semarang memberikan dampak pada peningkatan profesionalisme guru dan mengarah pada guru-guru yang berkualitas di Indonesia.
Pelatihan Pemanfaatan Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS) untuk Dijadikan Pupuk Organik di Desa Tebing Tinggi Pangkatan
Authors: Ariska Eli , Harahap Fitra Syawal , Dalimunthe Badrul Ainy , Septyani Ika Ayu Putri
Published: June 2022

Dampak terhadap lingkungan maupun ekonomi dan pendapatan petani akibat dari pemakaian pupuk kimia semakin menjadi perhatian. Oleh karena itu, beredar berita untuk flashback ke alam dalam kegiatan pertanian, yaitu dengan memanfaatkan bahan-bahan alami untuk kebutuhan pembuatan pupuk. Dari pembuatan pupuk organik dapat menghemat biaya produksi, sehingga dapat meningkatkan pendapatan petani. Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah: 1). Memberikan sosialisasi dan pelatihan kepada pada ketua kelompok tani dan para Ibu/Bapak  anggota petani untuk membuat pupuk organik yang ramah lingkungan. 2). Mengetahui efektivitas pelatihan yang diadakan bagi para kelompok tani dan petani. Metode kegiatan yang dilakukan adalah dengan cara menyosialisasikan dengan menyampaikan materi secara teori di Desa Tebing Tinggi Pangkatan, Kecamatan Pangkatan, Kabupaten Labuhanbatu. Kemudian diikuti dengan melakukan praktik langsung pembuatan pupuk organik bersama para petani. Untuk melakukan pelatihan para petani dibagi dalam 2 kelompok kerja, masing-masing kelompok tersebut diberi kesempatan untuk melakukan praktik langsung membuat pupuk organik. Kegiatan dilakukan selama 5 jam, dengan target 20 peserta. Dari hasil kegiatan yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa pelaksanaan kegiatan pelatihan dilaksanakan pada tanggal 21 Januari 2022: 1). Telah memberikan pengetahuan dan keahlian kepada para petani untuk membuat pupuk organik. 2). Acara berjalan secara efektif dengan melihat hasil evaluasi yang sesuai dengan target pencapaian.
Aplikasi Turbin Savonius sebagai Penggerak Aerator: Sebuah Alternatif Penyelesaian Permasalahan Petani Tambak Tradisional di Rantau Selamat, Aceh Timur
Authors: Febri Suri Purnama , Fonna Syarizal , Huzni Syifaul , Darwin Darwin
Published: June 2022

Kualitas air tambak menjadi menurun akibat penumpukan kotoran udang, aktivitas bakteri, ganggang, dan lain-lain, sementara penggantian air baru juga memiliki risiko yang tinggi dengan tingginya kemungkinan masuknya virus berbahaya ke dalam tambak. Salah satu cara untuk menjaga kualitas air tambak adalah dengan melakukan aerasi secara teratur. Ketersediaan listrik menjadi kendala untuk areal tambak udang di Desa Alue Kumba akibat belum terkoneksinya jaringan listrik PLN. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji efektivitas kincir angin sebagai solusi penyediaan oksigen terlarut pada tambak udang tradisional di Desa Alue Kumba serta dapat menjaga kualitas air selama pemeliharaan udang yang dapat berujung pada peningkatan produktivitas tambak. Perlakuan yang diterapkan merupakan kombinasi konstruksi kincir angin dan air tambak dengan sistem kecepatan angin oleh turbin savonius yang ditimbulkan untuk menggerakkan bagian kipas yang memunculkan tenaga pembangkit gelembung pada kolam tanah (tambak). Hasil kombinasi kincir yang dilakukan efektif dalam menghasilkan oksigen terlarut dalam tambak tradisional di Desa Alue Kumba Kecamatan Rantau Selamat Kabupaten Aceh Timur.
Alternatif Pengelolaan Limbah Tepung Tapioka Berbasis Teknologi Bersih Ramah Lingkungan untuk Meningkatkan Nilai Ekonomis Produk di Dermaji
Authors: Widiyaningsih Dwi , Amyati Amyati , Warniningsih Warniningsih
Published: June 2022

Desa Dermaji Lumbir Banyumas menjadi sentra industri rumahan tepung tapioka secara turun temurun. Produk yang dihasilkan menyumbang 28% pasokan tapioka di Jawa Tengah. Mayoritas penduduk adalah petani singkong mencapai 69% sehingga pengolahan singkong menjadi tepung adalah upaya meningkatkan nilai ekonomi barang. Sayangnya sumbangsih terhadap pasokan tepung tapioka tersebut tidak diimbangi dengan peningkatan perekonomian yang signifikan, karena produsen hanya menjadi pemasok tengkulak besar yang memiliki gudang dengan kapasitas banyak sehingga harga yang didapat produsen hanya menutup modal produksi. Masalah lain diantaranya alat produksi yang mulai lapuk, packaging, pengelolaan administrasi keuangan termasuk pembukuan dan pemasaran. Permasalahan yang lebih krusial yaitu pembuangan limbah yang mengandung HCN atau CN (sianida) yang dapat mencemari sumber mata air warga dan berakibat terhadap gangguan kesehatan. Terbatasnya bak penampungan juga menghambat menghasilkan endapan ke dua untuk bahan tepung tapioka kualias kedua yang disebut “tepung elot”. Metode yang dilakukan diantaranya melakukan treatment limbah menggunakan kapur tohor, beberapa pelatihan terkait packaging (Memberi pelatihan pengemasan produk, termasuk pemberian merk dagang pada produk sehingga lebih menarik), peggunaan APD untuk mengurangi resiko kecelakaan kerja, pelatihan pembukuan dan pemasaran secara online. Adapun hasil pengabdian adalah: (1) Pemberian mesin Diesel kapasitas 24 Pk sehingga proses produksi naik dari 3 Kwintal per minggu menjadi 7 kwintal. (2) Terbentunya bak penampungan tambahan untuk endapan ke 2 sehingga menghasilkan tepung elot dengan separo harga dari tepung kualitas 1 sehingga pendapatan pengrajin naik 50%. (3) Terbangunnya bak pengolahan limbah cair dengan mesin turbin dengan penambahan kapur tohor (Ca(OH)2) sebagai penurun kadar sianida (treatment teknologi tepat guna) dengan hasil penurunan sianida sejumlah 66,88%. (4) Pemberian mesin jahit karung portabel. (5) Design merk produk. (6) Pelatihan tentang manajemen pemasaran berbasis digital.
Considerations on the Probability of Failure of Mine Slopes
Authors: Sayão Alberto S.F.J. , Sandroni Sandro S. , Fontoura Sergio A.B. , Ribeiro Rômulo C.H.
Published: June 2022

Probabilistic and deterministic stability analyses of the progress of a large mine pit excavation in Brazil are presented herein. A simple method of reliability analysis for quantifying the probability of failure of slopes has been considered and its advantages and limitations are briefly discussed. The variance of the factor of safety is computed for several stages of the mine excavation. It is shown that, depending on the slope height, either the friction angle or the effective cohesion may be the most important variable controlling stability. In the case of mine pit excavations ranging from 50 to 400 m in height, pore pressures are of lesser relative importance. Consequently, increasing the capacity of the horizontal drainage system may be of limited efficiency in stabilizing potentially unsafe mine slopes. In addition, variables with no significant effect on the stability, such as the apparent specific gravity of the slope material, may be simply considered as deterministic parameters.
Numerical Analysis of El-Agrem Concrete Face Rockfill Dam
Authors: Moussai B.
Published: June 2022

For concrete face rockfill dams, the behaviour of the concrete slab which provides the watertightness of the dam is a major concern. The deformation of the dam embankment during construction and operation leads to concrete slab deformation. This deformation should be compatible with the structural integrity of the concrete slab. This paper presents the numerical analysis of El-Agrem concrete face rockfill dam during reservoir filling using the finite element code Plaxis 2D-2010. Two models are used in this study, the Mohr Coulomb model and the Hardening Soil model to emphasize the impact of constitutive model on the dam deformation. The material stiffness parameters used in constitutive models were calibrated based on the available measured crest settlement. The analysis results indicate that the face slab deformation can be numerically predicted based on monitoring data at the dam crest and the Hardening Soil model gives a maximum slab deformation less than that obtained using Mohr Coulomb model.
Analysis of Chemical Mobility of Leachate Contaminants in Gneiss Saprolite of Belo Horizonte Solid Waste Landfill (CTRS BR 040), South-Eastern Brazil
Authors: Ferreira Quênia C.G. , Bacellar Luis A.P.
Published: June 2022

Municipal solid waste landfill is a potential source of contamination due to the harmful elements of the leachate, such as trace elements. In the Belo Horizonte landfill, the waste is partially disposed of directly on gneiss saprolites, with lower capacity to mitigate contaminants than upper soil horizons. Column tests were made to analyse the attenuation capacity of this saprolite. The analysis of the chemical elements concentration in soil and leached effluent after the tests and the calculation of the saturation index with PHREEQC software showed the ability of saprolite to mitigate the contamination, mainly by chemical precipitation and immobilization in the colloidal fraction.
Proposal of an Energy Comparison System in the SPT
Authors: Barreto Gilmar W. , Cintra José C.A. , Aoki Nelson
Published: June 2022

This paper describes a mechanical device to compare the energy transference from the blow of a hammer to the stem referring to standardized and non-standardized equipment in Brazil. The device allows to measure the vertical displacement of a sleeve due to one or more blows of a hammer falling freely. Tests were carried out using three pieces of equipment for the SPT measurements, but only one was mounted on a tripod standardized by the NB 6484:2001 norm. Based on the displacement values, a comparative analysis of the available energies of the equipment was conducted. The efficiency of the standard tripod for the test performed without a strict control of the fall of the hammer relative to the transfer efficiency of the test performed with a strict control of the fall height was 82.5%, showing a significant influence of human factor on the results. The lowest coefficient of variation of the displacements (5.05%) was obtained for the test using mechanized equipment with an automatic hammer. From the standpoint of the available energy of the system, it is possible to use non-standard equipment by applying the correction factor (Cf) to SPT results. Finally, static tests were performed on the sleeve and the energy transferred to the system was calculated.
Investigations on Gas Flow in Cracked Granite Samples
Authors: Manchao He , Chunguang Wang , Jili Feng , Ribeiro Luis F.M.
Published: June 2022

In the case of rock-fluids interaction, numerous studies have mainly focused on field and numerical simulations regarding the existence of toxic gases and investigations about the possibility of gasburst. This paper is related to the development of experimental investigations for granite formations on samples obtained from Creighton mine, Sudbury, Canada. An experimental methodology was developed for intact samples submitted to uniaxial compression for a certain level of temperature, with the monitoring of gas releasing from the rock. A detailed description of the rock-gas interaction apparatus is made. The rock cores were obtained at 2,400 m deep from the mine and results from a sample are presented, as well as theoretical assumptions are discussed. Finally, some conclusions about the investigations on pre-existing fluids in fractured rocks are presented.
Lessons From The Lives of Two Dams
Authors: Mitchell James K.
Published: June 2022

Many embankment dams completed during the first six decades of the 20th century have been found deficient relative their ability to resist currently anticipated levels of seismic shaking and probable maximum flood. In this Fourth Victor de Mello Lecture, two recent case histories are described. One is a hydraulic fill structure completed in 1920 that is founded on alluvial material, some zones of which are susceptible to liquefaction. The other is a zoned earthfill dam completed in 1956 that is founded over a channel filled with loose, uncompacted, hydraulically placed tailings from gold mining operations. Each dam has been upgraded in phases over periods of several decades using different strategies and ground improvement technologies to improve stability and reduce failure risks. Several take away lessons from these experiences concerning current risk mitigation strategies, the importance of correct soil and site characterization, and implementation and effectiveness of different ground stabilization and improvement methods are presented.
Suggested Methodology for Rehabilitation of Ancient Masonry Castles and Forts on Rock Hills
Authors: Fonseca António V. , Ribeiro Luis F.M. , Arêde António , Guedes João , Paupério Esmeralda , Karam Karim , Costa Aníbal , Menezes José E.T.Q.
Published: June 2022

Forts, including in this designation military castles, present high complexity due to their nature. Methodologies followed in the rehabilitation of forts are briefly presented, with the emphasis on characterization of materials and rock masses and on tests and numerical models developed for ancient forts. Studies concerning forts with Portuguese legacy are presented. The first case is related with rehabilitation of foundations and walls of the Guimarães Castle, Portugal. The causes of the appearance of holes or torn threads in the exposed face of the wall and the tower of the extreme southwest of the castle were assessed. The intervention performed was focused on the stabilization of the rock mass and careful sealing of discontinuities in the high strength rock mass and consolidation of the most weathered fractured rock mass. The second case is related to forts existing at Muscat, Oman. The protection of the Jalali Fort is studied in detail. During 2007, cyclone Gonu caused substantial damage to the seawall adjacent to the fort. The study addresses the redesign of the seawall.
The introduction of modern digital technologies in the organization of extracurricular activities of schoolchildren
Authors:   North Ossetian State University named after K.L. Khetagurov, Osipova A.Yu. ,   Vladikavkaz College of Electronics
Published: June 2022

Digital technologies have firmly entered the lives of modern schoolchildren and teachers, who actively use many teaching and educational platforms, such as Uchi.ru, InternetUrok.ru, Universarium and others. The distance learning format is mastered not only in the system of general, but also in additional education. However, Russia is inferior to many countries of the world in the digitalization of education. The authors of the article propose to actively use extracurricular activities as a means of effectively developing the digitalization of education and creating an educational space in the region. It has long been recognized that extracurricular activities play the same important role in the assimilation of educational material as the main curriculum of the discipline. However, as practice shows, teachers and students often do not have enough time, knowledge and a banal desire to engage in this type of activity to perform extracurricular activities. This affects the general level of students’ knowledge of the subject, since their horizons turn out to be rather limited and compressed, extending only to topics from the work program of the discipline. For a more complete immersion in the subject, it is necessary to have extracurricular activities in the educational process of the student. Based on theoretical analysis and practical experience, the authors come to the conclusion that the use of digital technologies, in particular, working with a digital application for smartphones, arouses great interest among students in extracurricular activities and facilitates the process of achieving the planned educational objectives.
Formation of Ecological Culture of a Teacher of a Preschool Educational Organization
Authors:   Altai State Pedagogical University, Podaneva Tatyana V.
Published: June 2022

In the article, the phenomenon of ecological culture is considered as part of the professional and pedagogical culture of a specialist in a preschool educational organization, the level of development of which is a criterion for assessing his creative self-realization in various types of professional and pedagogical activities, during which the development, transfer and creation of pedagogical values, technologies, creative experience activities. The author presents the generalized results of a study of the level of formation of the ecological culture of specialists in the field of preschool education, in which teachers of the Altai Territory took part. The model of the formation of ecological culture proposed by the author in the structure of professional and pedagogical culture reveals the content of the main components (cognitive, motivational-value, technological, personal-creative, reflective-evaluative) and can become the basis for developing a program of methodological support for teachers of preschool educational organizations in the process of forming them. ecological culture. The presented analysis of the components of ecological culture reveals it as an integrated psychological education. The totality of knowledge, abilities, skills, value orientations, volitional qualities, methods and techniques of pedagogical activity, reflexive abilities and pedagogical creativity acquire personal content in the structure of professional and pedagogical consciousness, form the motives of the teacher’s environmentally oriented activity. Ecological culture is part of the general and professional-pedagogical culture of a specialist in a preschool educational organization, acts as a condition for productive environmentally-oriented activities, an indicator of professional competence, the goal of professional self-development, and contributes to the creative self-realization of a teacher in professional activities.
Bishop Theodore and the Alanian Church in the First Guarter of the XIII th Century
Authors:   Institute of History and Archeology,  the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, Malakhov Sergey N.
Published: June 2022

There are researched insufficiently explored aspects of the content of the Alanian Bishop Theodore’s rhetorical composition, presented to the Patriarch of Constantinople Herman II (1223–1240) in Nicaea as a report on his trip to Alania. The study of this monument is relevant, as it is the only written source that explains the church life of the Alanian parishes on the eve of the Tatar-Mongol invasion. It contains information about the Nicene-Trebizond rivalry for control of the Alanian Metropolia. The purpose of the paper is to study the reasons, circumstances and results of the mission of Bishop Theodore to Alania in the context of the ecclesiastical and political situation that developed after the collapse of the Byzantine Empire in the Eastern Black Sea region in the first quarter of the 13th century. The analysis allows us to draw the following conclusions. Bishop Theodore was specially ordained to the Alan see and sent to Alania to restore the Patriarchate’s lost control over the North Caucasian diocese. His trip took place between January 1223 and February 1226.The trip report was drawn up in 1225. Theodore had been the metropolitan of Alania until the end of the reign of Herman II. The clerics of the diocese, previously ordained by the bishop from Trebizond, were reappointed. Church control of the Nicene Patriarch over the Alanian parishes was restored. The rhetorical reflections in connection with the assessment of pastoral activity, found in Theodore’s Epistle, contain unique material reflecting the self-consciousness of the Byzantine missionary and his assessment of the results of his activities in the “barbaric” country. The article substantiates the Lazik, and not the Georgian, origin of the bishop who seized power in the metropolis before Theodore’s arrival. Information from the Epistle makes it possible to clarify the ethnic map of the settlement of the Alans in the first quarter of the XIII century, the level of religiosity of the parishioners, as well as to trace the routes connecting Alania with the possessions of the Nicene Empire.
Scottish Burgh in the Second Half of the 18th Century (Based on the Minutes of the Elgin Burgh Council)
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Mukhin Maksim A.
Published: June 2022

In this article the researcher analyzes the ties of the burgh of Elgin with the political centre of Great Britain and points out the degree to which burgh life changed in the second half of the 18th century. The burgh rarely came to the attention of historians, and the studies dedicated to the burgh of Elgin contain no theoretical interpretation of observed facts. The authors share the opinion that during the hundred years after the conclusion of the Act of Union the burgh was past its days of prosperity, however, despite downturn it was far from its demise. The basis of the research is formed by the minutes of the burgh council. They share business character and mostly contain decisions taken by the local authorities. Historians make only limited use of the minutes rarely analyzing them. This source allows the researcher to conclude that interactions between Elgin’s local authorities and British central authorities were limited. The minutes reflect Elgin’s contacts with local nobles far more often. Moreover, the article underlines that the local legislation had no overhaul in the second half of the 18th century and developed extensively. The changes in the burgh were not radical either. Notably, the limited transformation of the burgh was most likely driven by lack of funds, since the local population was interested in improving the burgh. For instance, local nobles sporadically gave only a part of the funds necessary for construction works, and the rest was covered by voluntary contributions from the citizens of the burgh.
The Subjective Position and its Manifestation (Development) in Preschool Age
Authors:   Altai State Pedagogical University, Davydova Oksana I.
Published: June 2022

The article is devoted to the problem of the development of the subjective position in preschool age. Responding to the needs of society for a free personality, education changes the guidelines, the subjective paradigm of building education comes to the fore. In psychological and pedagogical science, the concept of “subjectivity” reveals a person’s ability to be the author of his activity, life, set and adjust goals, realize motives, independently build actions and evaluate their compliance with the plan. Scientists have proved that since childhood, with certain resource capabilities, a child can be the subject of his own actions, communication, and activity. The relevance of this article is due to the fact that at present, on the one hand, the value of humanization, subjectivization of education is recognized in scientific, theoretical and methodological literature, on the other hand, there are no pedagogical constructors in practice that ensure the manifestation of the child’s subjective actions, the development of his subjective position. The purpose of the article is to determine indicators, characteristics of the subject position of a preschooler in theory and practice. The material of the study is scientific research that reveals the problem of subjectivity; the legislative framework defining the value-oriented guidelines of the state policy of Russia in the field of education; practical experience of pedagogical activity in a preschool educational organization. In the course of the study, included observation was used (fixation of manifestations that determine the subjective position of the child), analysis of subjective qualities in preschool children. The article reveals the essence and characteristics of the manifestations of subjective actions of preschool children. Based on the selected characteristics, educational situations that lie on the surface and can contribute to the development of a subjective position are identified.
Digital Educational Environment of the University as a Stimulating Factor of Professional and Personal Development of the Future Teacher
Authors:   Yelets State University named after I.A. Bunin, Mezinov Vladimir N.
Published: June 2022

Digital transformation has an active impact on all aspects of a person’s daily life, including education, providing opportunities to improve the quality of teaching, the use of digital technologies. The role of the digital educational environment of the university as a space designed for collaboration, dialogue, discussions between fellow students, students and teachers is actualized. The purpose of the article is to study various approaches to understanding the category of “digital educational environment of the university”, revealing its essence, structure and opportunities for professional and personal development of the future teacher. The scientific and theoretical analysis of the concept of “digital educational environment of the university” allowed us to consider it as a managed, dynamic, interconnected, constantly developing network community of students, teachers, tools and content aimed at providing various educational tasks. The digital educational environment of the university performs a number of functions: informational, educational, communicative, social. The paper examines the pedagogical possibilities of the university’s digital educational environment as a resource for the professional and personal development of a future teacher. It is concluded that the creative application of a complex of information technology, educational and methodological tools in the educational process allows influencing the formation of methodological culture, key competencies and abilities of future teachers and ensuring the effectiveness of professional and personal development of the teacher. The effectiveness of professional and personal development is greatly influenced by the teaching staff, a positive climate, and a benevolent atmosphere for solving tasks together.