bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interfacial Bi–O–Zn bonding induces faster charge transfer in S-scheme Bi-MOF/ZnFe2O4 heterojunction for enhanced photocatalytic tetracycline elimination
Authors: Li Hui , Zhu Zhu , Yang Kai , Lu Kangqiang , Chen Xirong , Huang Weiya , Liu Zhaoqing
Published: January 2025

ZnFe2O4 nanosheets were grown in situ on Bi-MOF nanorods by a facile hydrothermal method, creating S-scheme heterojunctions with interfacial Bi–O–Zn bonds. This accelerated the separation of charge carriers and improved the photocatalytic activity.
Substituent-regulated photophysical properties of 8a-methyl-2,3-diphenylindolizin-1(8aH)-one derivatives and their application in the detection of bilirubin in blood and urine
Authors: Kanneth S. Shurooque , Thoyyiba A. , Chakkumkumarath Lakshmi
Published: January 2025

Substituted indolizinone derivatives exhibit tuneable photophysical properties and are used for the detection and quantification of bilirubin in blood and urine.
Hawthorn carbon dots: a novel therapeutic agent for modulating body weight and hepatic lipid profiles in high-fat diet-fed mice
Authors: Lin Shuai , Zheng Yu-jun , Xu Yi-ze , Zhou Yang , He Xin , Zhang Chun-feng , Yuan Chun-su
Published: January 2025

Synthesis of HCD (A) and intervention on obesity in high-fat diet mice (B).
Microfluidic-assisted sol–gel preparation of monodisperse mesoporous silica microspheres with controlled size, surface morphology, porosity and stiffness
Authors: Dai Zhang , Liu Yue , Liu Yahui , Jiao Xiuling , Chen Dairong , Gong Ningji , Wang Ting
Published: January 2025

A facile microfluidic-assisted sol–gel method is proposed for the preparation of silica microspheres with precisely controlled properties such as size, surface morphology, porosity and stiffness.
Mixed metal halide perovskite CsPb1−xSnxBr3 quantum dots: insight into photophysics from photoblinking studies
Authors: A Anusha , Yadav Anjali , Vishnoi Pratap , Sharma Dharmendar Kumar
Published: January 2025

Hot electrons from Sn populates Pb trap states in CsPb1−xSnxBr3 QDs, promoting exciton radiative recombination as shown by the suppression of GRAY levels in Photoblinking.
Multifunctions of carbon dots in the CeO2/Cu2O complex catalyst for the regulation of carbon dioxide reduction
Authors: Yan Xiong , Li Jiacheng , Si Honglin , Xu Haojie , Huang Hui , Liu Yang , Kang Zhenhui
Published: January 2025

Based on the CeO2/Cu2O-CD catalyst in the CO2RR, the roles of the multifunctions of CDs have been elaborated.
Pyrazolate-based MOFs with open Zn2+ sites for highly effective and rapid adsorption of iodine in water
Authors: Zhang Xin-Dan , Zhang Yong-Zheng , Li Tingting , Zuo Yu-Xiang , Li Xiao-Nan , Zhang Da-Shuai , Geng Longlong , Wang Bin , Huang Hongliang , Zhang Xiuling
Published: January 2025

Two Zn-triazolate frameworks, DZU-109 and DZU-110, where DZU-110 exhibits excellent I3− adsorption in water due to its open Zn2+ sites.
Increasing the waterproof performance of fatliquored leather by silane modification: a simple and feasible green treatment method
Authors: Qin Haojie , Shen Xiaojun , Chai Yuye , Xu Xiaohong
Published: January 2025

Schematic illustration of the waterproofing treatment method and the reaction mechanism of silane coupling agents.
Photocatalytic degradation performance of a chitosan/ZnO–Fe3O4 nanocomposite over cationic and anionic dyes under visible-light irradiation
Authors: Quy B. M. , Thu N. T. N. , Xuan V. T. , Hoa N. T. H. , Linh N. T. N. , Tung V. Q. , Le V. T. T. , Thao T. T. , Ngan N. T. K. , Tho P. T. , Hung N. M. , Ha L. T.
Published: January 2025

The CS/ZnO–Fe3O4 nanoparticles synthesized by chemical ultrasound with large surface area can effectively decompose RhB and MO dyes under visible light, with degradation rates of 99.49% and 90.73%, respectively, and can be reused many times.
Characterizing dynamic heterogeneities during nanogel degradation
Authors: Mira Zafrin Ferdous , Palkar Vaibhav , Kuksenok Olga
Published: January 2025

Mesoscale simulations of controlled degradation of tetra-PEG hydrogels demonstrate that dynamic heterogeneity in these systems depends on relative extent of reaction and solvent quality.
Reduction behaviors of tin oxides and oxyhydroxides during electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide in an aqueous solution under neutral conditions
Authors: Tsuji Etsushi , Ohwan Kaede , Ishikawa Tomoki , Hirata Yuki , Okada Hiroyuki , Suganuma Satoshi , Katada Naonobu
Published: January 2025

SnO was reduced to metallic Sn particles while maintaining its shape during CO2RR, whereas SnO2 and tin oxyhydroxide dissolved in the electrolyte at pH 7, subsequently forming metallic nanoparticles via reductive deposition from Sn cations.
Multifunctional AgNWs-Fe3O4/ANF composite films with a Janus-like structure for outstanding electromagnetic interference shielding and thermal management
Authors: Wei Jiyan , Cai Xinxin , Hu Jiwen , Lin Shudong
Published: January 2025

A multi-functional AgNWs-Fe3O4/ANF composite film with a Janus-like architecture was prepared, exhibiting excellent conductivity and EMI shielding performance. The synergistic coupling between AgNWs and Fe3O4 for EMI shielding was demonstrated.
MOF-derived nickel cobaltite: a pathway to enhanced supercapacitor performance
Authors: Sivakumar Periyasamy , Balamurugan Jayaraman , Raj C. Justin , Subramanian Palaniappan , Savariraj Antonysamy Dennyson , Manikandan Ramu , Jung Hyun
Published: January 2025

A streamlined design of MOF-derived electrode nanoarchitecture for hybrid supercapacitors featuring hierarchically layered nickel cobaltite nanosheets with extensive porous networks.
Effects of Ce co-doping at the A site of Sm0.5−xSr0.5CoO3±δ for a high-performance air electrode for solid oxide reversible cells
Authors: Khan Sovann , Staykov Aleksandar , Matsuda Junko , Kluczny Maksymilian , Wu Kuan-Ting , Ninomiya Kakeru , Nishibori Maiko , Song Jun Tae , Watanabe Motonori , Inada Miki , Ishihara Tatsumi
Published: January 2025

Ce co-doping at the A-site of Sr(Sm)CoO3 improved the surface activity for the oxygen reduction and evolution reactions. (Ce)Sr(Sm)CoO3 was proposed as a promising catalytic material for the air electrode of solid oxide cells.
Progress in the fabrication of high-purity semiconducting carbon nanotube arrays
Authors: Xu Jiaxiang , Xiao Zhibo , Jia Chunmin , Wei Yuxiang , Sun Yanan , Kang Liqian , Cui Nuanyang , Li Peixian , Lei Yimin , Ma Xiaohua
Published: January 2025

High purity and density of s-SWCNT arrays achieved through different methods enable a performance close to the expected device outcomes in FETs.
Retraction: Light-assisted coupling of phenols with CO2 to 2-hydroxybenzaldehydes catalyzed by a g-C3N4/NH2-MIL-101(Fe) composite
Authors: Bhatt Sakshi , Das Ranjita S. , Kumar Anupama , Malik Anil , Soni Aishwarya , Jain Suman L.
Published: January 2025

Retraction of ‘Light-assisted coupling of phenols with CO2 to 2-hydroxybenzaldehydes catalyzed by a g-C3N4/NH2-MIL-101(Fe) composite’ by Sakshi Bhatt et al., Catal. Sci. Technol., 2022, 12, 6805–6818, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2CY01430K.
A new mechanism of arterial calcification in diabetes: interaction between H3K18 lactylation and CHI3L1
Authors: Zhu Yi , Chen Jingchen , Zhang Jiali , Wang Fangfang , Liu Ruiping
Published: January 2025

Metabolic changes are an important characteristic of vascular complications in diabetes. The accumulation of lactate in the microenvironment can promote VSMC calcification in diabetes, although the specific mechanism remains to be fully elucidated. In this study, we explored the characteristics of lactylation in diabetic arterial calcification and the underlying molecular mechanism. We found that in high-glucose calcified VSMC, the overall lactylation level was significantly increased. Mass spectrometry analysis revealed significant upregulation of H3 histone lactylation. After site-specific point-mutation at K18 to simulate the delactylation modification, VSMC calcification was significantly reduced. Through a combination of H3K18la ChIP-seq, RNA-seq, H3K18la ChIP-qPCR and point-mutation experiments, we confirmed that H3K18la can upregulate CHI3L1. CHI3L1 knockout significantly alleviated VSMC osteogenic phenotype transformation and mouse arterial calcification. RNA-seq analysis of the downstream molecular signaling showed that CHI3L1 activates the IL-13-IL-13Ra2-JAK1-STAT3 pathway. Targeted inhibition of IL-13Ra2 reduced VSMC calcification. We conclude that in a diabetic calcification environment, the H3 histone K18 site undergoes lactylation modification in VSMCs, upregulating CHI3L1, which in turn regulates the IL-13-IL-13Ra2-JAK1-STAT3 signaling pathway, ultimately exacerbating arterial calcification. Our study elucidates the epigenetic mechanism by which lactate promotes arterial calcification in diabetes.
Measuring Talker Age Estimates Through Crowdsourced Listeners' Ratings: A Pilot Study for Voice Research
Authors: Tripp Raquel M. A. , Hunter Eric J. , Johnson Aaron M.
Published: January 2025

Purpose:

Most auditory–perceptual voice research utilizes the judgments of trained listeners rather than everyday listeners with no previous training in speech pathology. Online crowdsourcing of behavioral data from untrained participants is rapidly increasing in popularity but has yet to be a common procedure for auditory–perceptual studies of the voice. The objective of this pilot study was to assess the functionality of this model for judgments of voice by using an online experiment platform to replicate a lab-based, voice-specific age estimation study.

Method:

Fifty crowdsourced untrained listeners estimated the age of a single talker based on audio samples taken from 20 speeches over a 48-year span. The primary outcome was overall age estimation accuracy.

Results:

The crowdsourced age estimations closely matched those of a previous highly controlled in-person laboratory study using the same auditory samples. Listeners generally overestimated the talker's age when the talker was younger and underestimated his age when he was older. The age at which the estimated age equaled the talker's chronological age was 54 years.

Conclusions:

Online crowdsourcing may be a feasible modality for auditory–perceptual voice ratings with the potential to add low-cost, high-number options to validate and enhance clinical and laboratory-based studies by (a) including a wider diversity of participants and (b) providing the means for rapidly recruiting more participants. Further research investigating crowdsourced ratings of the complex parameters of voice quality using more listeners is needed to continue supporting this methodology as a tool for perceptual voice research.
Broadband and fabrication tolerant polarization splitter–rotator on thin-film lithium niobate
Authors: Li Chijun , Chen Geng , Huang Yuankang , Lu Siyu , Wang Zong , Dai Yiqi , Zeng Cheng , Xia Jinsong
Published: January 2025

On-chip polarization splitter–rotators (PSRs) are crucial components for coherent optical communication and polarization-division multiplexing systems. Here, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a polarization splitter–rotator based on the principles of adiabatic mode evolution and the stimulated Raman adiabatic passage on the thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) platform. The experimental results indicate that the fabricated device exhibits an insertion loss of less than 0.5 dB and extinction ratios exceeding 20 dB over a 130-nm band, with the potential to extend up to 250 nm as predicted by simulations. Large fabrication tolerance is also demonstrated with extinction ratios of more than 20 dB in the wavelength range of 1500–1630 nm. The demonstrated PSR could become an indispensable component in the future TFLN photonic integrated circuits.
Leading-edge vortex enhancement of a flexible flapping wing with the clap-and-fling mechanism
Authors: Wu Jianghao , Wang Kai , Chen Long
Published: January 2025

The clap-and-fling mechanism, initially discovered in insect flight, has been widely adopted in Flapping-Wing Micro Air Vehicle (FWMAV) designs to enhance their lift generation. Unlike rigid wings, artificial FWMAV wings exhibit distinct deformation characteristics due to their unique material properties and structural features. These wings rely on deformation rather than flipping to achieve appropriate angles of attack and facilitate the clap-and-fling motion. While such flexibility is inherent in FWMAV wings, the impact of its resulting clap-and-fling motion on aerodynamics is still underexplored, especially lacking a quantitative survey of leading-edge vortex (LEV) enhancement. This study proposes a refined deformation model and employs the lattice Boltzmann method to investigate the clap-and-fling mechanism of flexible flapping wings. Results demonstrate that a small wing spacing and rapid clap-and-fling motion can boost the lift enhancement, in that the LEV growth in the fling phase is accelerated. This is because the vortex ring generated by the clap motion promotes the roll-up and subsequent downstream stretching of the trailing-edge vortex. Quantitative analysis also reveals that the transient lift reaches its peaks slightly before the LEV strength is maximized, which is more prominent at a small wing spacing. These findings provide valuable insights for FWMAV designs that attempt to take advantage of the clap-and-fling mechanisms.
A solution to the pervasive problem of response bias in self-reports
Authors: Grimmond Jess , Brown Scott D. , Hawkins Guy E.
Published: January 2025

Self-reports are used ubiquitously to probe people’s thoughts, feelings, and behaviors and inform medical decisions, enterprise operations, and government policy and legislation. Despite their pervasive use, self-report measures such as Likert scales have a profound problem: Standard analytic approaches do not control for the confounding effects of idiosyncratic response biases. Here, we present a model-based solution to this problem. Our model disentangles response bias from latent constructs of interest to obtain less biased scores of the latent states of respondents. Inspired by Thurstonian approaches in the psychophysics literature, the model requires nothing further than standard Likert scale design assumptions. The model uses a data-driven approach to control for response biases, without the need to prespecify bias types or response strategies. We demonstrate the model’s ability to uncover more precise estimates of latent state associations, outperforming bias-affected standard scoring techniques, and garner insights into previously undetected codependencies between certain latent states and particular forms of response bias. The model is thus a tool which outperforms standard scoring methods and generates insights into, and controls for, the potentially confounding effects of response bias on self-report Likert scale data.
The functions of “I think” in TED Talks and their Turkish translations
Authors: Çeltek Aytaç
Published: January 2025

This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the pragmatic marker “I think” and its translation into Turkish,
specifically focusing on its use in TED Talks. Using a corpus-based approach, the research investigates the various functions and
Turkish equivalents of “I think”, revealing significant insights into its role as a commenting speech action. Grounded in speech
act theory, particularly expositive illocutionary acts, the study emphasizes the illocutionary pluralism of “I think” in managing
discourse, expressing speaker attitudes, and engaging interlocutors. The findings highlight the high frequency and critical role
of “I think” in spoken English, its function as a commenting speech action in maintaining discourse coherence, and the notable translation choices in Turkish, such as bence ‘in my opinion’ and sanırım ‘I
suppose/I assume’. This study contributes to pragmatics by enhancing our understanding of the illocutionary pluralism of “I think”
vis-à-vis its translation strategies.
Specified compliments in comments to politicians’ Facebook posts
Authors: Shukrun-Nagar Pnina , Livnat Zohar
Published: January 2025

This article discusses “specified compliments” consisting of a positive evaluation of an ability or achievement; a preposition; and an area of expertise or excellence, e.g. “experts in security”. An analysis of 74 examples in comments on politicians’ Facebook posts during 2020–2021 revealed that specified compliments convey a predominantly ironic meaning in order to criticize the complimentee. Three different categories of ironic specified compliments are identified: (1) compliments where the area of expertise is positive and are interpreted as ironical based on their linguistic and extralinguistic context; (2) compliments where the area of expertise is negative and are thus understood as insincere; and (3) compliments in which the area of expertise is apparently positive but less than other areas, and therefore they are paradoxically interpreted as both sincere compliments in a specific area and a condemnation in general.
Cause and comment
Authors: Konvička Martin
Published: January 2025

In this paper, I investigate the functional dimension of non-finite causal constructions, exemplified using the
English because X constructions. The analysis identifies two functions of these constructions: expressing
causality and commenting. Primarily, non-finite causal constructions express cause or reason. Secondarily, however, speakers can
also use these constructions to offer a comment about the expressed cause or reason. These two functions represent two poles on a
functional continuum. While some non-finite causal constructions only express causal meaning and some serve predominantly as
comments, they usually combine both functions.
The Jewish German-American musicologist Fritz A. Kuttner and China
Authors: Peng Bei , Bartosch David
Published: January 2025

We explore the topic of self-translation in migration through the biography of Fritz A. Kuttner, a German Jewish
economist who became a musicologist during the years he spent in his native country just before he managed to escape from the
Nazis. His interest in musicology intensified as an immigrant in Shanghai from 1939 to 1949, where he also studied pre-modern
Chinese musical culture. After his emigration and becoming a US citizen, Kuttner emerged as a pioneer in this new field. We trace
Kuttner’s path as a whole, but focus especially on his Shanghai years. Among other things, these are marked by his study of the
Chinese language, life in the multilingual Jewish refugee community, music as a meeting point between East and West, his growing
understanding of a connection between Chinese language, music and culture as a whole, and his efforts to translate his
understanding of the semiotics of ancient Chinese music into the language and theoretical perspective of Western musicology. In
addition to documenting his experiences and academic self-translation, we argue in favour of a broader concept of self-translation
as being relevant to an intercultural sense of self.
Several problems on the measured hyperorder cumulants of net-proton distributions in heavy-ion collisions
Authors: Chen Lizhu , Zhao Ye-Yin , Li Zhiming , Wu Yuanfang
Published: January 2025

Hyperorder cumulants C
5/C
1 and C
6/C
2 are recommended as sensitive observables to explore the QCD phase transition in heavy-ion collisions. Precisely measuring their results remains a difficult task in experiments, when employing the centrality bin width correction (CBWC) to suppress the initial volume fluctuations. Various techniques within the CBWC formula can lead to notable differences in the results. We will systematically investigate the application of the CBWC method to the measured net-proton C
5/C
1 and C
6/C
2 using the UrQMD model and Skellam-based simulations at

s

N
N

= 11.5 GeV in Au + Au collisions. A recommended approach is proposed to calculate C
5/C
1 and C
6/C
2 in 0%–40% centrality. With statistics comparable to the RHIC beam energy scan phase II (BES-II), our studies provide a baseline for analyzing net-proton C
5/C
1 and C
6/C
2 in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.
Lattice-mismatched and twisted multi-layered materials for efficient solar cells
Authors: Manousakis Efstratios
Published: January 2025

We argue that alternating-layer structures of lattice mismatched or misaligned (twisted) atomically-thin layers should be expected to be more efficient absorbers of the broad-spectrum of solar radiation than the bulk material of each individual layer. In such mismatched layer-structures the conduction and valence bands of the bulk material, split into multiple minibands separated by minigaps confined to a small-size emerging Brillouin zone due to band-folding. We extended the Shockley–Queisser approach to calculate the photovoltaic efficiency for a band split into minibands of bandwidth ΔE and mini-gaps δG to model the case when such structures are used as solar cells. We find a significant efficiency enhancement due to impact ionization processes, especially in the limit of small but non-zero δG, and a dramatic increase when fully concentrated Sun-light is used.
Spontaneous heat current and ultra-high thermal rectification in asymmetric graphene: a molecular dynamics simulation
Authors: Yousefi Farrokh , Farzadian Omid , Shafiee Mehdi
Published: January 2025

Non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations reveal the existence of a spontaneous heat current (SHC) in the absence of a temperature gradient and demonstrate ultra-high thermal rectification in asymmetric trapezoid-shaped graphene. These unique properties have potential applications in power generation and thermal circuits, functioning as thermal diodes. Our findings also show the presence of negative and zero thermal conductivity in this system. The negative thermal conductivity could enable the design of a conductive heat machine that pumps heat from the cold side to the hot side without additional energy consumption, functioning as a ‘full-free refrigerator’. Meanwhile, zero thermal conductivity paves the way for the development of high-efficiency thermoelectric devices. Simulations were performed in two scenarios: with hydrogenated edges and without them. To ensure the reliability of the results, Reactive Empirical Bond Order and Tersoff potentials were employed. Finally, we examined how the SHC and the temperature difference at which the heat current is zero depend on the sample length, system width, and system temperature.
Rotating radial injection pattern for highly sensitive electrical impedance tomography of human lung anomalies
Authors: Bader Oumaima , Essoukri Ben Amara Najoua , Ernst Oliver G , Kanoun Olfa
Published: January 2025

Objective. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a non-invasive technique used for lung imaging. A significant challenge in EIT is reconstructing images of deeper thoracic regions due to the low sensitivity of boundary voltages to internal conductivity variations. The current injection pattern is decisive as it influences the current path, boundary voltages, and their sensitivity to tissue changes. Approach. This study introduces a novel current injection pattern with radially placed electrodes excited in a rotating radial pattern. The effectiveness of the proposed pattern was investigated using a 3D computational model that mimics the human thorax, replicating its geometry and tissue electrical properties. To examine the detection of lung anomalies, models representing both healthy and unhealthy states, including cancer-like anomalies in three different positions, were developed. The new pattern was compared to common patterns—adjacent, skip 1, and opposite—using finite element analysis. The comparison focused on the current density within lung nodules and the sensitivity to changes in anomaly positions. Main results. Results showed that the new pattern achieved the maximum current density within anomalies compared to surrounding tissues, with peak values near the closest electrode pairs to the anomalies. Specifically, current density magnitudes reached

72.73
⋅

10

−
9

A

⋅

m

,

145.24
⋅

10

−
9

A

⋅

m

, and

26.43
⋅

10

−
9

A

⋅

m

for the three different positions, respectively. Furthermore, the novel pattern’s sensitivity to anomaly position changes surpassed the common patterns. Significance. These results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed injection pattern in detecting lung anomalies compared to the common injection patterns.
Realization of a 2H–Si microneedle with an ultrafast growth rate of 6.7 × 104 Å·s−1
Authors: Mun Suhyun , Kim Kyoung Hwa , Park Seonwoo , Jeon Injun , Jeon Hunsoo , Lee Jae Hak , Yang Min , Shin Myeong-Cheol , Oh Jong-Min , Shin Weon Ho , Kim Minkyung , Koo Sang-Mo , Lee Won Jae , Cho Chae Ryong , Kang Ye Hwan , Ahn Hyung Soo
Published: January 2025

Nanomaterials have facilitated the development of innovative technologies in various industries. However, most research has been limited to nanoscale phenomena, and the effects of nanomaterials on microscale crystal growth remain obscure. In this study, we demonstrated a straight 2H–Si microneedle with a longitudinal growth rate of 6.7 × 104 Å·s−1, which could not be explained by conventional crystal growth mechanisms, through AlN nanowires. The AlN nanowires were grown using the hydride vapor-phase epitaxy method, which induced the formation of Al membranes when NH3 supply was ceased. At this time, an elliptical Al membrane was created within 0.166 s, in accordance with the principle of Plateau–Rayleigh instability. The average spacing of the Al membrane was 4 μm, and approximately 10 000 elliptical Al membranes absorbed SiCl almost simultaneously to form a 40 mm 2H–Si microneedle within 100 min of growth time. Therefore, we realized straight 2H–Si microneedles with a growth rate of 6.7 × 104 Å·s−1. Differing from the conventional growth mechanism, this new growth method sheds light on the mechanism by which nanoscale phenomena contribute to the growth of microscale crystals.
Thermal effects on the resistive superconducting transition in step-edge YBCO squid arrays
Authors: de Andrade Marcio C , Ferrante Nicholas , Maialle Marcelo Z , Sundqvist Kyle , Torikachvili Milton S
Published: January 2025

The effect of thermal fluctuations in yttrium barium copper oxide SQUID filters (SQIFs), containing arrays of 258, 2304, and 4080 superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs), were investigated using the electrical resistivity and applied magnetic field up to 9 T. Our study reveals that the SQIFs experience a two-step superconductor transition. The transition at lower temperature is only present in the SQIF samples, not in the control sample without the SQIFs, and it is investigated here in terms of two primary dissipation mechanisms. The first dominates near the transition temperature and has the characteristics of thermally activated phase slippage. At lower temperatures, the dominant characteristics are those of thermally-activated magnetic flux flow. The mechanisms producing such behaviors contribute significantly to dissipation effects, resulting in an additional DC voltage that overlays the Josephson current, regardless of the quantity of SQUIDs in the SQIFs. These dissipation effects can have significant implications for technologies utilizing high-temperature superconductor SQIFs unless the operating temperature is lowered significantly below the superconducting transition temperature.
Cooperative co-evolution deep echo state network for time series prediction
Authors: Chen Jianwei , Lun Shuxian , Li Ming
Published: January 2025

The deep echo state network demonstrates strong predictive performance in time series tasks, but inter-layer weight optimization and reservoir structure design are still challenging tasks. To address this, we propose the cooperative co-evolution deep echo state network (CCEDESN). Firstly, inspired by the hierarchical structure of the brain, we introduce a modular hierarchical design. Each layer of the reservoir contains multiple sub-reservoirs, with central neurons in each sub-reservoir interacting with those in other sub-reservoirs to enhance information processing. Secondly, an advanced cooperative co-evolution algorithm is proposed to simultaneously optimize the layer connection weights and (hyper)parameters of the deep echo state network. We evaluate the CCEDESN model on the Mackey-Glass system, Sunspot data, and Apple stock opening prices. The experimental results show that the CCEDESN model achieves superior prediction accuracy compared to other models.
Numerical solution of backward problem of distributed order time-space fractional diffusion equation
Authors: Wang H M , Li Y S
Published: January 2025

The main objective of this paper is to address the backward problem in the distributed-order time-space fractional diffusion equation (DTSFDE) with Neumann boundary conditions using final data. We began by employing the Finite Difference Method (FDM) combined with matrix transformation techniques to compute the direct problem of DTSFDE. Subsequently, by using the Tikhonov regularization method, the inverse problem is transformed into a variational problem. With the help of the derived sensitivity and adjoint problems, the conjugate gradient algorithm is employed to find an approximate solution for the initial data. Finally, through numerical examples in one and two dimensions, we demonstrated the effectiveness and stability of this method, further verifying its reliability in practical applications.
Ti3SiC2-based saturable absorber for passive mode-locking of a fiber laser
Authors: Zhang Zhiming , Sun Xiangzhe , Chen Bing , Zhang Huiyun , Zhang Yuping
Published: January 2025

We report a simple and compact all-fiber erbium-doped mode-locked laser based on a microfiber-based Ti3SiC2 saturable absorber. Self-starting mode locking at 1566 nm in this erbium-doped fiber laser was achieved at a threshold pump power of 90 mW, delivering a pulse train with a repetition rate of 21.8 MHz, a pulse width of 3 ns. The findings of this study allow Ti3SiC2 to be added to the growing catalog of nanomaterials for future nonlinear photonics.
An ultra-short-term forecast method for photovoltaic power generation based on ResNet
Authors: Xie Peiran , Zhao Jingjiao , Tian Youjia , Xu Shuo
Published: January 2025

Predicting photovoltaic power generation is important for enhancing the operation and management of photovoltaic power systems, as well as boosting their electricity production efficiency. An ultra-short-term photovoltaic power generation prediction model based on ResNet is proposed to address the current issues of unsatisfactory ground-based cloud image prediction performance and unfavorable marginalization deployment. After analyzing and processing the sky image, the ResNet network is used for feature extraction. Historical photovoltaic power generation data is used as input and fused with the results of feature extraction. Finally, the photovoltaic power generation power is predicted. The result of the experiment showed that the model proposed can effectively extract feature information for predicting ultra-short-term photovoltaic power generation.
A phased optimal allocation method for adjustable energy storage in remote rural microgrid under multiple time scales of demand response
Authors: Liu Minghong , Yuan Xin , Jia Zhenghao , Zhang Ruilong , Shen Yabo
Published: January 2025

The conventional microgrid adjustable energy storage phased optimization configuration method mainly uses MGCO\SESO (micro-grid cluster operator\shared energy storage operator) capacity sharing game strategy to optimize the third party, which is susceptible to the two-way interaction of energy storage. Therefore, an effective staged optimal configuration method for adjustable energy storage in remote rural microgrids is designed under the multi-time scale of demand response. That is, a phased optimal configuration model for microgrid adjustable energy storage is constructed, and a phased optimal configuration strategy for microgrid adjustable energy storage is generated by considering multiple time scales of demand response, thereby achieving a phased optimal configuration of microgrid adjustable energy storage. The experimental results show that the designed phased optimal configuration method of adjustable energy storage in microgrids has a good configuration effect, and the optimal configuration indicators of various energy storage are good, which has a certain application value.
Single pixel readout of a MaPMT-based neutron anger camera system with waveform digitizers
Authors: Zhao Binqing , Huang Yu , Chen Longfei , Wang Cailin
Published: January 2025

In the neutron-sensitive Anger camera, the scintillator is
directly coupled to the photodetectors, such as multiplier tubes or
silicon-photomultipliers (SiPMs), and the incident position of the
neutron is determined by the center of gravity of the photon
distribution from the scintillating material. The photodetectors in
the neutron Anger camera are typically arranged in arrays with
multiple pixel outputs. To reduce the number of readout channels,
the front-end electronics often employ analog signal multiplexing
methods, such as row-column summation and resistor
networks. However, these methods increase channel crosstalk and
noise after compression. In this paper, we propose reading out each
pixel of the multi-anode photomultiplier tube (MaPMT) individually
and digitizing each analog channel via waveform capture. This
approach allows direct collection of the signal from each analog
channel, and we use the pulse amplitude method to achieve
neutron-gamma discrimination for GS20 scintillator. We tested the
neutron two-dimensional imaging capability of the anger camera
system using a Cf-252 slowed neutron beam in the laboratory. The
neutron position resolution was estimated using the knife-edge
function method with B4C mask. By combining this with the
traditional center-of-gravity method, we achieved a position
resolution of 1.2 mm (FWHM).
The potential for fuel reduction to reduce wildfire intensity in a warming California
Authors: Brown Patrick T , Strenfel Scott J , Bagley Richard B , Clements Craig B
Published: January 2025

Increasing fuel aridity due to climate warming has and will continue to increase wildfire danger in California. In addition to reducing global greenhouse gas emissions, one of the primary proposals for counteracting this increase in wildfire danger is a widespread expansion of hazardous fuel reductions. Here, we quantify the potential for fuel reduction to reduce wildfire intensity using empirical relationships derived from historical observations with a novel combination of spatiotemporal resolution (0.375 km, instantaneous) and extent (48 million acres, 9 years). We use machine learning to quantify relationships between sixteen environmental conditions (including ten fuel characteristics and four temperature-affected aridity characteristics) and satellite-observed fire radiative power. We use the derived relationships to create fire intensity potential (FIP) maps for sixty historical weather snapshots at a 2 km and hourly resolution. We then place these weather snapshots in differing background climatological temperature and fuel characteristic conditions to quantify their independent and combined influence on FIP. We find that in order to offset the effect of climate warming under the SSP2-4.5 emissions scenario, fuel reduction would need to be maintained perpetually on ∼3 million acres (or 600 000 acres per year, 1% of our domain, at a 5 year return frequency) by 2050 and ∼8 million acres (or 1.6 million acres per year, 3% of our domain, at a 5 year return frequency) by 2090. Overall, we find substantial potential for fuel reduction to negate the effects of climate warming on FIP.
Polyadic Cantor potential of minimum lacunarity: special case of super periodic generalized unified Cantor potential
Authors: Umar Mohammad , Hasan Mohammad , Narayan Singh Vibhav , Prasad Mandal Bhabani
Published: January 2025

To bridge the fractal and non-fractal potentials we introduce the concept of generalized unified Cantor potential (GUCP) with the key parameter N which represents the potential count at the stage S = 1. This system is characterized by total span L, stages S, scaling parameter ρ and two real numbers µ and ν. Notably, the polyadic Cantor potential system with minimal lacunarity is a specific instance within the GUCP paradigm. Employing the super periodic potential formalism, we formulated a closed-form expression for transmission probability

T

S

(
k
,
N
)

using the q-Pochhammer symbol and investigated the features of non-relativistic quantum tunneling through this potential configuration. We show that GUCP system exhibits sharp transmission resonances, differing from traditional quantum systems. Our analysis reveals saturation in the transmission profile with evolving stages S and establishes a significant scaling relationship between reflection probability and wave vector k through analytical derivations.
Unravelling the mechanism of transient coastal upwelling in the southeastern Arabian Sea triggered by Cyclone Michaung
Authors: Dev Rahul , Muraleedharan K R , Gireeshkumar T R , Shivaprasad S , Baliarsingh Sanjiba Kumar , Jayaprakash Anjana , Nair T M Balakrishnan
Published: January 2025

Cyclone Michaung formed and passed over the Bay of Bengal in early December 2023. In the current study, we investigated the dramatic changes in physical-biogeochemical conditions in the Southeastern Arabian Sea - and the underlying dynamics caused by Cyclone Michaung. Satellite observations indicated that temperature greatly decreased, but chlorophyll-a concentration increased at the sea surface. In the subsurface layer (5.5 m below the sea surface), an autonomous coastal observatory recorded a dramatic decrease in temperature and dissolved oxygen concentration but increased salinity. Further analyses proved that the physical-biogeochemical changes in the surface and subsurface layers in the Southeastern Arabian Sea were generated by transient coastal upwelling, which was forced by strong winds of Cyclone Michaung via driving offshore Ekman transport. The transient coastal upwelling brought cool and nutrient-rich subsurface waters to the surface and enhanced biological production. Coastal upwelling was unusual in the Southeastern Arabian Sea this season due to the prevalence of downwelling favourable to northeast monsoon winds. This study points out that large-scale weather events could have a prominent role in changing the hydrodynamic and biological features of remote regions due to their strong sea surface winds.
Advancing haptic realism: modelling grasp contact vibrations for enhanced virtual environment interaction
Authors: Najdovski Zoran , Pedrammehr Siamak , Qazani Mohammad Reza Chalak , Abdi Hamid , Asadi Houshyar
Published: January 2025

In haptic technology, achieving realistic tactile feedback is crucial for enhancing a user's experience in virtual environments. Previous studies lack effective methods for transmitting high-frequency vibrations crucial for realistic tactile feedback in haptic interfaces, highlighting the need for our research to address this gap. This paper explores the application of a tactile gripping interface to transmit the high-frequency vibrations produced when contacting a hard object’s surface. These short vibrations improve the tactile sensation of hard virtual surfaces when overlaid on traditional position-based force feedback within a haptic environment. The enhanced realism of virtual objects is achieved by effectively estimating the vibration composition from user-induced parameters. This work presents a prototype grasping interface and empirically demonstrates this device’s utility. We examine empirical grasp contact data, recorded and interpreted, to recognise the relationship between dynamic user-controlled parameters and the resulting vibration transients. This relationship effectively incorporates these changing dynamics to model the grasp impact and estimate the essential system parameters to understand the influence of the user’s grasp force. Through our multi-point grasping interface design, this work demonstrates a mathematical relationship between the user’s grasp force and the high-frequency vibrations from contact with hard surfaces. The study found that the proposed haptic interface achieved an RMSE of 0.05, demonstrating a high level of accuracy. This low RMSE value signifies that the predicted vibrations closely matched the actual measured vibrations, validating the system’s capability to generate precise high-frequency transients. Such accuracy is critical for practical applications, including realistic tactile feedback in virtual environments, where precise modelling enhances user experience and interaction reliability. This work provides a foundational model for developing advanced haptic technologies, enabling more immersive virtual environments and precise control in teleoperation and training simulations.
A design method to optimize GaN-based class E resonant inductive wireless power transfer systems – application to non-mating connectors
Authors: Côte Nathis , Garraud Nicolas , Sterna Léo , Périchon Pierre , Frassati François , Boisseau Sébastien
Published: January 2025

Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) systems have demonstrated their efficiency over a broad frequency spectrum. However, the design and the optimization of multi-MHz frequency WPT systems remain complex due to parasitic components specifically. This paper outlines a methodology for designing and optimizing a compact 13.56 MHz resonant inductive coupling WPT systems based on a GaN Class E inverter. The proposed design approach combines analytical modeling and advanced numerical simulations taking into account parasitic elements. The effectiveness of this approach is experimentally confirmed through a prototype, which shows an efficiency of 78% for a transmitted power of 43 W to a 5.54 cm3 coupler. The advanced modeling results perfectly match with the experimental ones (mismatch of only 2% for the evaluation of efficiency). The WPT system developed thanks to this method shows a power density among the highest ones in the non-mating connectors’ state of the art.
Underwater target detection algorithm based on feature enhancement and feature fusion
Authors: Liu Qinxiao , Ji Longlong , Zhao Fen
Published: January 2025

In the field of target detection, identifying underwater targets remains a formidable challenge due to the complexity of the underwater environment and the substantial variations in target scale. To tackle the difficulties of extracting complex features in such conditions, this study introduces a novel feature extraction module built upon the YOLOv7 model. The module incorporates a custom-designed information attention mechanism and deformable convolution, enhancing the network’s ability to capture and process intricate underwater features. Additionally, a feature enhancement and interaction module was developed further to strengthen the extraction and utilization of key features. An adaptive feature fusion module was also introduced, allowing for dynamic adjustment of fusion weights based on the characteristics of the input features, thereby enabling more efficient and accurate multi-scale feature fusion. Experimental results reveal that, compared to the original YOLOv7 model on the URPC2020 dataset, the proposed method achieves improvements of 3.3% and 2.7% in mAP
50 and mAP
50:95 metrics, respectively. These significant performance gains highlight the effectiveness of the proposed approach in underwater target detection and provide valuable new directions for research and applications in this domain.
A vision-based approach to estimate enzymatic glucose concentration and to investigate the effects of temperature and time on colorimetric responses
Authors: Goswami Rakesh , Hazarika Nityananda , Roy Ram Kishore , Bezboruah Tulshi
Published: January 2025

The estimation of glucose is important for managing health conditions, like diabetes and supporting advancements in non-invasive diagnostic tools. The propose work introduces a simple, fast, reliable, and cost-effective vision-based colorimetric method for detection of enzymatic glucose by using a Raspberry Pi. Unlike traditional methods, which often require invasive procedures, complex equipment, or expert intervention, the proposed approach leverages image processing and open-source computing to provide a non-invasive, portable, and efficient solution. The concentration of sample solutions varying from 0.02 M to 1.20 M is prepared for detection. The principle of the proposed technique is based on the change of color by using ammonium metavanadate and sulphuric acid upon interaction with glucose solution. A camera module interfaced with a Raspberry Pi single-board computer captures the colorimetric changes. The captured images are studied by using HSV (Hue, Saturation, and Value) color model. This model is chosen for its ability to separate color information (hue) from intensity (value), enabling more accurate quantification of colorimetric responses. We present here the results of the effect of temperature and time on the colorimetric responses of the prepared samples. The novelty of the technique is its simple design, portability, rapid analysis, cost-effectiveness, suitable for environmental conditions, non-invasive in nature, and simple measurement procedure.
FedFP: personalized federated learning based on feature extraction guidance and parameter decoupling
Authors: Zhang Qian , Wei Mingjun , Liu Jinyun , Li Hui , Xu Rongyang
Published: January 2025

Federated learning (FL) is an emerging distributed machine learning paradigm that collaboratively trains a global model while preserving data privacy. However, in the presence of data heterogeneity, it encounters challenges such as slow convergence and reduced global model accuracy. To address this issue, we propose a novel personalized federated learning(PFL) algorithm, FedFP. First, the algorithm combines the global category embedding layer with a contrastive learning mechanism to address the inconsistency of feature distributions in heterogeneous data scenarios by sharing global category embedding information. Second, by incorporating personalized batch normalization and classifier layers, the algorithm mitigates the impact of data heterogeneity on model convergence and generalization, while better accommodating the personalized needs of clients. Finally, extensive experiments were conducted on widely used image classification datasets as well as real-world human activity recognition datasets. The experimental results show that FedFP outperforms existing federated learning algorithms.