bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of biodegradable silkworm cocoon derived silk membrane for GTR in the treatment of grade II furcation
Authors: Archana R Sankar  , Sheela Kumar Gujjari  , Kulkarni PK  , Akhila AR
Published: April 2020

This was a preliminary study to develop a biodegradable membrane from silkworm Bombyx.mori. The silk fibroin membrane prepared was analyzed for tensile strength and used in patients with grade II furcation defects, which was compared with collagen membrane. Though collagen is the gold standard, it has disadvantages, one of them being slow biodegradability. Hence this research was carried out to see if silk fibroin was good as a regenerative material in providing bone fill in the furcal area. As it is commonly accepted that treatment in the furcal area is better with bone graft and GTR membrane compared with just bone graft and flap surgery, this clinical trial with a common bone graft was carried out in addition to barrier membrane, which were of different sources. The patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were randomized into test and control sites. The test sites received bone graft(colocast) and silk fibroin membrane while the control site received bone graft(colocast) and collagen membrane(cologide). The bone fill was analyzed radiographically using AUTOCAD software 2017. The results of the study showed that both the sites did not show any adverse effects, but improvement were noted clinically and radiographically. Radiographically significant improvement was seen in silk fibroin sites indicating that silk fibroin with bone graft would be better as a regenerative material.
Cardioprotective Effect of Ethanolic Flower Extract of ClitoriaTernatea on Doxorubicin Induced Cardiotoxicity in Rats
Authors: A Tamizhselvi , S Durairaj , A Mohamed Sadiq , G Gopinath , S Rajeshkumar
Published: April 2020

There was a significant evidence that there are several of the medicinal plants encompass the prospective to treat cardiovascular disease. In this study, Doxorubicin is used as an effectual induction of cardiotoxicity and heart malfunction in the taken experimental rats which is an anthracycline chemotherapeutic mediator used to the treat of a wide variety of malignancies. To examine the shielding property of ethanolic flower extract of clitoraternatea  (EECT) scheduled doxorubicin(DOX) persuaded cardiotoxicity via albino wistar rats,through inspect the enzymatic,non-enzymatic antioxidant position,serum enzyme and Histopathology tissue.Experimental rats been provoked cardiotoxicity by means of a generous single dose of doxorubicin (15mg /body weight ) and treated orally through an ethanolic extract of clitoraternatea (EECT)  for 14 days (100 mg/kg bw, 200 mg/kg bw and 300mg/kg bw,n=5).On15 days, the rats are sacrificed by treated through Ketamine –Xylazine,Biochemical as well as histological remarks of the heart tissues had carry out. Cardiotoxicity had been calculated throughout to establish the cardio marker enzyme levels such as (LDH) Lactic acid dehydrogenase,(CK-MB) Creatinin kinase and (AST) Aspartate transaminase at the finish of the study. Managementthrough EECT of 200mg/kg and 300mg/kgconsiderablyreduced the levels of cardiac marker enzymes(p<0.05), and as wellminimize the decrease of weight of the heart of DOX treated group. In heart tissue superoxide dismutase, glutathione and catalase heightsbe significantly greater than before and lipid oxide peroxide (LPO) significantly decreased in the extract (200 &300 mg /kg bw) treated rats when compared to DOX treated with the significance of  P< 0.05. There was no significant recovery of the 100 mg/kg of EECT. These results will suggested that EECT having potential anti-cardiotoxic effects induced by Doxorubicin by preventing oxidative injure provoke by DOX in heart of taken experimental animals.
Box-Behnken experimental design for extraction optimization of cytotoxic activity from Curcuma aeruginosa rhizome
Authors: Khoiriyah Rani , I Made Artika , Nurcholis Waras
Published: April 2020

Curcuma aeruginosa is the common name of temuhitam in Indonesia, and the rhizome of parts plant had several pharmacological activities. Generally, pharmacological activities were associated with bioactive content in the extract of medicinal plants. Several factors can influence the bioactive extraction from medicinal plants such as solvent types, extraction time, extraction technique, and liquid-to-solid ratio. In this research, the extraction factors for extraction yield and cytotoxic activity of C. aeruginosa rhizome were optimized using the Box-Behnken experimental design. Effect of ethanol concentration, the ratio of liquid to solid, and extraction time for the maceration process was studied. The cytotoxic activity was determined by the brine shrimp lethality test. The optimum value that maximizes the extraction yield was 70 % ethanol, 300:15 ml/g liquid to solid ratio, and 1-day extraction time. The optimum value that maximizes the cytotoxic activity was 70 % ethanol, 150:15 ml/g liquid to solid ratio, and 2-day extraction time. The predicted extraction yield and cytotoxic activity at these projected values are 14.78 % and 78.26 mg/l, respectively. In this model, Adeq Precision (10.35 and 4.16), R-Squared (0.86 and 0.79), and F-value (7.92 and 2.04) is rational to fit the model for extraction yield and cytotoxic activity from C. aeruginosa rhizome.
Zebrafish an emerging model for Preclinical Drug Discovery
Authors: Chakraborty Mainak , Roy Kalyan , Sedhain Arpan , Dhakal Pankaj , Karunakaran Gauthaman
Published: April 2020

For understanding the pathogenesis of human disease at cellular and molecular level bio medical research depends on the use of animal models. Maximum animal models used in medical research of human disease are basically performed in murine system. Though there are advantages of using these animals, murine’s have long gestational period, sexual maturation rate and are expensive. These invertebrates lack many structures and organ systems that are involved in human disease pathogenesis. Forward-genetic screens and random mutagenesis based reverse genetics though possible in mouse and are currently underway; they cannot be done on a large scale as they require considerable staff and infrastructure support. Due to these drawbacks other animal models have been developed that provide initial genetic or drug target information. For developmental genetic studies larval zebrafish are used extensively due to their small size, external development, optical transparency, and accessibility in large numbers. Not only are they vertebrate, they also have high fecundity, which can be easily visualised and experimentally manipulated. 70% of all human disease genes have functional homologous in zebrafish. There has been significant increase in the use of zebra fish to elucidate the etiology of human disease like cancer, infectious diseases, cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, diabetes, blindness, deafness, digestive diseases, hematopoiesis, muscle disorders and neural disorders.
MANIPULATIVE TECHNOLOGIES OF POLITICAL MEDIA DISCOURSE (on the example of English-language political media texts)
Authors: Velivchenko V.
Published: April 2020

This article exposes manipulative technologies of the political media discourse of the Russian Internet resource sputniknews.com for September 2016, represented by English-language political media texts about events in Ukraine. Within the framework of the political media text, its producer implements manipulative technologies via two opposed in content communicative strategies – positive self-presentation and positioning of an ideological opponent, embodied in a number of communicative tactics. The covert (manipulative) distortion of reality exercised by the text producer makes it possible to exert a manipulative impact on the public consciousness with the aim to form or change the outlook.
K-ORTALAMALAR KÜMELEME YÖNTEMİ İLE TEMEL MAKROEKONOMİK VE FİNANSAL GÖSTERGELER İLE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: KIRILGAN BEŞLİ ÜLKELERİNİN ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: DEMİRKALE Özge , ÖZARI Çiğdem
Published: April 2020

Bu çalışma ile kırılgan beşli ülkelerinin 2007-2019 dönem aralığı için
belirlenen 5 temel makro-ekonomik ve finansal gösterge açısından, kümeleme analizi yöntemlerinden hiyerarşik olmayan
K-ortalamalar yöntemi ile gruplanması, Türkiye’nin ait olduğu grubun ve
o grupta yer alan diğer ülkelerin tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç
doğrultusunda göstergeler aylık bazda ele alınarak, analiz her yıl için
gerçekleştirilmiş ve dönemsel farklılık ve/veya hassasiyet olup olmadığı
incelenmiştir. Ayrıca k-ortalamalar kümeleme yöntemi başlangıç merkez seçimine
duyarlı olduğundan, yöntem olası tüm başlangıç merkez veriler için
gerçekleştirilmiş ve farklı küme grup yapıları, görülme sıklıkları ve
Silhouette indeks değeri yardımı ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Analizlerden elde
edilen bulgulara göre, Türkiye ve Brezilya çoğunlukla aynı grupta yer alırken
Hindistan, Endonezya ve Güney Afrika ülkelerinin de çoğunlukla birlikte diğer
grupta yer aldığı gözlemlenmiştir.
Adverse impacts of climate change in Maharlou Lake Basin, Iran
Authors: Zolghadr-Asli Babak , Behrooz-Koohenjani Siavash
Published: April 2020

Climate change can alter the status quo of the world as we know today. Water resources may also be influenced by these plausible impacts. The common perception is that these changes may exacerbate the situation of water resources in arid and semi-arid regions, such as the Middle-East, which are experiencing mild to severe water stress due to limited water availability and growing water demands. In that spirit, this study aims to investigate the possible impacts of climate change on surface water in Maharlou Lake basin, Iran. Reportedly, this basin has already shown some symptoms of the water-related crisis, which highlights the importance of conducting climate change studies in this region. The CansESM2 model was employed to predict the basin’s climatic response under various climate change scenarios. The hydrologic response of the basin was, then, simulated using IHACRES. The results have demonstrated a 4% decrease in average annual rainfall, a 2% increase in average annual temperature, and, finally, a 24% decrease in average annual streamflow of the basin in the (2010-2099) time window. While the results suggest that recent water-related challenges in the basin might have caused by climate change, further in-depth studies are required to reveal the exact reasons.
Hubungan Pengetahuan Ibu Tentang Stimulasi Perkembangan Anak Dengan Keterampilan Ibu Dalam Melakukan Stimulasi Perkembangan Anak
Authors: Susanti Neny Yuli , Adawiyah Robiatul
Published: April 2020

Knowledge about children and have skills of stimulating  needs of children at each stage of development, so that children's intelligence can develop with maximum age. Age 0-2 years is a very important time considering the brain development occurs very rapidly at the age under 2 years, this is called a critical period of development, and is a good time to make a recovery, if there is a developmental disorder. Technique of collecting knowledge data using questionnaire sheet and skill data using Checklist executed at May 2018. Data analysis using statistical test with SPSS software that is "Chi Square" test by using scale/data ordinal and nominal, with level maximize α = 0,010. The results showed that the statistical test results obtained p value of 0.000 <0,05 so that H0 rejected which means there is relationship of mother knowledge about child development with skill of mother doing age stimulation 0-2 year.
(Polyacrylamide-Kaolin) Composite Used For Extraction Precious Metals (Au+1, Ag+1) From Electronic Waste Solution by Using Hydrometallurgical Method
Authors: Raghad Hamid Hilal
Published: April 2020

Abstract— In this study, electronic waste solution was prepared by leached amount of waste in dilute aqua regia (1HNO3: 3HCl). Hydrometallurgy method (solvent extraction) used to extract precious metals (Au+1, Ag+1) from electronic waste by added both of mineral clay (kaolin) and (Polyacrylamide-Kaolin) composite as a adsorbent material to e- waste solution under many of different parameters. These parameters are contact time (i.e.30 min, 60 min, and 120 min), weight in volume unit of adsorbent material (i.e. 5, 10 and 20 g.L-1) which are effects on the adsorption capacity and adsorption efficiency of adsorbent material. Results proved that the adsorption (efficiency and capacity) of Polyacrylamide-Kaolin composite relatively increased than kaolin to extract (Au+1, Ag+1) ions from a neutral e-waste solution. According to the curves of adsorption (i.e. efficiency and capacity), the operation condition preferred at contact time and adsorbent material amount which are equal to 60 min and 10 g.L-1 respectively
IMPLEMENTASI TENTANG FTP SERVER (MAULIDUN NUR)
Authors: Nur Maulidun
Published: April 2020

AbstractFTP adalah singkatan dari File Transfer Protocol, protokol untuk bertukar file melalui jaringan. FTP sering digunakan untuk mendownload sebuah file dari server maupun untuk mengupload file ke sebuah server (misalnya mengupload konten-konten web ke sebuah webserver). Cara kerja protokol FTP hampir sama dengan protokol lainnya. Apabila protokol HTTP bertugas untuk urusan web, kemudian protkol SMTP bertugas dalam urusan mail, maka FTP ini bertugas untuk urusan pertukaran file. Intinya FTP adalah protokol yang bertugas dalam hal pertukaran file baik itu download ataupun upload dijaringan.Dalam keadaan default, ftp berjalan pada port 21 dan bekerja pada protocol TCP/IP.Dalam FTP Server, kita bisa menggunakan dua cara satu User Authentication LogIn (Password Protected) dan yang kedua Anonymous LogIn (Guest OK) Sebenarnya ada dua aplikasi yang paling popular untuk ftp server pada distro debian. Yaitu ProFTPd dan Vsftpd. Kali ini saya menggunakan Proftpd, karena dianggap lebih mudah dan cepat dalam konfigurasinya
The Definitive Cause of Little Ice Age Temperatures
Authors: Henry Burl
Published: April 2020

Analysis of the Central England Temperatures data set has provided the answer to the cause of the decreased temperatures during the Little Ice Age (LIA) (and undoubtedly, all of the others). They were caused by the Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) aerosol emissions from an extensive occurrence of VEI4-VEI7 volcanic eruptions.
TUGAS AUDIT SISTEM INFORMASI M. GANTHA NUGRAHA 175100063
Authors: nugraha Muhammad gantha
Published: April 2020

Perusahaan memerlukan jasa auditor untuk melakukan audit atas laporan keuangan. Jasa dariauditor independen digunakan manajemen perusahaan untuk menyakinkan pihak luarseperti investor dan kreditor bahwa laporan keuangan yang disajikan berisi informasiyang dapat dipercaya. Akuntan publik harus meningkatkan kinerjanya agar dapatmenghasilkan produk audit yang dapat diandalkan perusahaan. Tujuan penelitian iniadalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh profesionalisme, komitmen organisasi dan struktur audit terhadap kinerja auditor
audit sistem informasi
Authors: Wahyudi Agus
Published: April 2020

SECTION 1 AUDIT SI PERANCANGAN SISTEM MENGGUNAKAN METODE SDLC AGUS WAHYUDI_185100037P
RESUME SECTION O1 PENGERTIAN METODELOGI ANALISIS DALAM PENGEMBANGAN SUATU SISTEM
Authors: Angsori Muhammad Lubis
Published: April 2020

Pada EraTeknologi sekarang,sistem sering digunakan untukmemper mudahmanusia untuk melakukan segala pekerjaan atau kegiatan baik dariberbelanja,belajar hingga bekerja.Pengembangan Sistem merupakan salah satu teknik dalam membuatpenyususnan suatusistem yang baru untuk menggantikan sistem yang lamasecara keseluruhan atau memeprbaiki sistem yang telah ada.Metodelogi Analisis adalah yang digukan untuk memperoleh kebenaranmenggunakan penelusuran dengan cara tertentu dalam menemukankebenaran,metodelogi tersusun daricara cara yang terstrukturuntukmemperoleh ilmu
MANAJEMEN SISTEM PENILAIAN DI SEKOLAH INKLUSI SDN BANUA ANYAR 4 BANJARMASIN
Authors: Nahdiati  , Rahmawati  , Wahidaturrahmah  , Yanti Yuli
Published: April 2020

Salah satu sistem yang menentukan penuntasan belajar peserta didik yaitu penilaian. Sistem penilaian disekolah inklusi untuk anak berkebutuhan khusus sangat beragam karena disesuaikan dengan kompetensi dan indikator hasil belajar yang ingin dicapai. Dari beberapa standar pendidikan yang dibuat oleh pemerintah melalui BSNP pendidikan iklusif diperuntukan bagi anank-anak berkebutuhan khusus yang tidak bermasalah di dalam intelektualnya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode observasi dan wawancara, untuk mendapatkan informasi yang berkaitan dengan penilaian di sekolah inklusif SDN Banua Anyar 4 Banjarmasin. Disekolah ini penilaian guru tidak hanya berfokus pada aspek kognitif saja, namun sekolah lebih mengutamakan aspek afektif dan psikomotor anak. Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa penilaian peserta didik di sekolah SDN Banua Anyar 4 Banjarmasin ini menyesuaikan kemampuan anak sehingga sistem kenaikan kelas nya tidak ada yang tinggal kelas.
PERANCANGAN DAN IMPLEMENTASI SERVER UNTUK SISTEM KOMPUTASI AWAN DI INTRANET KAMPUS(OKTAVIANI)
Authors: Oktaviani
Published: April 2020

AbstractPada penggunaan internet yang begitu pesat sekarang membuat internet menjadi begitu dibutuhkan oleh sebagian besar orang. Internet tidak lagi digunakan untuk sekedar mencari berita maupun sebagai bisnis, namun juga digunakan sebagai media komunikasi dengan pengguna lain seperti situs-situs jaringan social contohnya Instagram, Path dan Twitter. Namun penggunaan internet seperti itu masih kurang optimal karena internet juga dapat digunakan untuk menyimpan data pribadi yang dengan mudah dapat diakses kapanpun kita mau atau kita butuhkan dalam bentuk diskless society.Konsep ini yang mendasari munculnya teknologi komputasi awan atau yang lebih dikenal dengan istilah Cloud. Dengan adanya tekonologi ini maka kita sebagai pengguna dapat bergerak bebas dengan data pribadi yang dapat diakses kapan saja dan dimana saja. Tujuan ini guna mengimplementasikan server komputasi awan di intranet kampus dengan tujuan kemudahan perancangan server, implementasi dan mengukur performansi server tersebut agar bisa di dapat karakteristik system ini.Pada aplikasi Cloud layanan word processing yang dirasa paling dibutuhkan oleh sebagian besar mahasiswa dibandingkan dengan aplikasi lainnya. Mahasiswa dapat mengakses word processing pada server melalui web browser secara intranet. Mahasiswa tidak perlu melakukan instalasi apapun pada device atau pc. Dengan adanya word processing pada server, mahasiswa dapat membuat dokumen, mengubah atau menguploud dokumen dan akan tersimpan dalam storage server.
TUGAS AUDIT ROSALIA 175100061
Authors: Rosalia
Published: April 2020

digunakan berbasis web sejak tahun 2004, sejak itu mahasiswa dapat membaca dan mungunduh materi perkuliahan dan baha tugas akhir mahasiswa yang sudah lulus, dimana dan kapan saja. Analisis dilakukan dengan cara mengumpulkan bukti, evaluasi bukti dan memberi rekomendasi. Bukti dikumpulkan dengan cara menyebar angket kepada 100 mahasiswa, sebagai responden acak. Evaliasi bukti dengan memeriksa kendali Aplikasi yang terdiri dari analisin pada kendali input, kendali pemrosesan kendali komunikasi, kendali berbasis data dan kendali berbasis output. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwan penggunaan Digital Liberary Sistem di Universitas Lampung sangat kurang kendali pada sitem responden dari hasil penelitian yang ditujukan ke mahasiswa sebagian kecil yang menyukai dan puas terhadap Digital Library System tersebut. Namun sebagian besar menyatakan belum terlalu puas terhadat sitem tersebut. Respon yang dibrikan penulis adalah meningkatkan sitem kendali antaranya menambah ketersediaan e book disediakan di web site, pacilita saerching yang tidak memadahi, sertatampilan e book tidak nyaman dibaca antara lain menambah ketrsedisn materi e book dari berbagai jurusan dan bidang minat yang ada Penelitian ini akan menganalisis audit sistem informasi pada Digita Library System dengan studi kasus Digita Library System di Universitas Lampung, Lampung Indonesia. Digita Library System di universitas tersebut, bahkan kategori tertentu persub topik, agar pencarian e book cepat dan tepat.
Proposal for a Low-cost High-fidelity ventilator for COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Zhang Xueqing , Shah Yash Hemant , Tumuluru Nikhilesh
Published: April 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic situation has called for an urgent need for the development of low cost respiratory ventilators across the globe. Such ventilators must include functionalities to cater to the patients experiencing severe respiratory illnesses, such as ARDS, where lung compliance and patient breathing cycles are dynamic, and require an accurate and controllable ventilator design. A low cost ventilator design is presented here which offers essential pressure and volume control ventilator modes for critical patients while being cost-effective as compared to all other presently available commercial alternatives which provide similar functions. The presented design is currently in the conceptual stage, and is presented here to elicit feedback for further refinement, prototyping, medical approval and large scale manufacturing.
Expanding the Teaching of Single Frequency Vibration Absorption to Broadband Attenuation using Subordinate Oscillator Arrays via Fettuccine Pasta
Authors: Paruchuri Sai Tej , Malladi Vijaya V. N. Sriram , Tarazaga Pablo A. , Kurdila Andrew J.
Published: April 2020

Dynamic vibration absorbers (DVAs) and tuned mass-dampers (TVAs) have wide-spread applications in the aerospace industry, the automotive sector, and in civil engineering structures. There are numerous designs of active and passive vibration attenuators or absorbers that isolate structural vibrations at or around the desired frequency. All these design approaches are fundamentally different ways to modify and tune the placement of the resonant frequencies of the host structure. The current work presents a novel method to passively attenuate vibration over a broad frequency bandwidth in the presence of uncertainty. An array of linear oscillators, also referred to as subordinate oscillator arrays (SOAs), are attached to a two-degrees-of-freedom structure to produce an attenuated broadband frequency response around a target frequency. SOAs can also be interpreted as an array of DVAs and in some categories, they can be considered as an approach to meta-structures. Another objective of the current work is to develop a hands-on approach to extend classroom teaching of vibration-isolation using SOAs made out of fettuccine strands and modeling clay. The frequencies of the oscillators in the array are tuned by varying the length of each strand and the mass of the modeling clay attached to its tip. Uncertainty in dynamic properties of such oscillators often results in mistuned SOAs with non-uniform frequency response function. Therefore, designing and testing fettuccine-based SOAs allows students to handle cases when structural uncertainties arise in engineering systems. Additionally, some of the work in the field of meta-structures can be modeled and represented by SOAs and this will provide a straight forward way to teach students some of these contemporary concepts.
Changes in sleep pattern, sense of time, and digital media use during COVID-19 lockdown in Italy
Authors: Cellini Nicola , Canale Natale , Mioni Giovanna , Costa Sebastiano
Published: April 2020

Italy is one of the major COVID-19 hotspots. To reduce the spread of the infections and the pressure on Italian healthcare systems, since March 10th 2020, Italy is under a total lockdown, with restrictions on the movement of individuals in the entire nation, forcing people to home confinement. Here we present data from 1310 people living in the Italian territory (Mage= 23.91±3.60 years, 880 females, 501 workers, 809 University students), who completed an online survey from March 24th to March 28th 2020. In the survey, we asked participants to think about their use of digital media before going to bed, their sleep pattern, and their subjective experience of time in the previous week (17th-23rd of March, which was the second week of the lockdown) and to the first week of February (3rd-10th, before any restriction in any Italian area). During the lockdown, people increased the usage of digital media near bedtime, but this change did not affect sleep habits. Nevertheless, during home confinement sleep timing markedly changed, with people going to bed and waking up later, spending more time in bed but, paradoxically, also reporting a lower sleep quality. The increase in sleep difficulties was stronger for people with a higher level of depression, anxiety, and stress symptomatology, and was associated with the feeling of time dilatation. Considering that the lockdown is likely to continue for weeks, research data are urgently needed to support decision-making, to build public awareness, and to provide timely and supportive psychosocial interventions.
The Psychological and Socio-political Consequences of Infectious Diseases
Authors: Zmigrod Leor , Ebert Tobias , Götz Friedrich Martin , Rentfrow Jason
Published: April 2020

What are the socio-political consequences of infectious diseases? Humans have evolved to avoid disease and infection, resulting in a set of psychological mechanisms that promote disease-avoidance, referred to as the behavioural immune system (BIS). One manifestation of the BIS is the cautious avoidance of unfamiliar, foreign, or potentially contaminating stimuli. Specifically, when disease infection risk is salient or prevalent, authoritarian attitudes can emerge that seek to avoid and reject foreign outgroups while favoring homogenous, familiar ingroups. In the largest study conducted on the topic to date (N>240,000), elevated regional levels of infectious pathogens were related to more authoritarian attitudes on three geographical levels: across US metropolitan regions, US states, and cross-culturally across 47 countries. The link between pathogen prevalence and authoritarian psychological dispositions predicted conservative voting behavior in the 2016 US Presidential Election as well as more authoritarian governance and state laws, in which one group of people imposes asymmetrical laws on others in a hierarchical structure. Furthermore, cross-cultural analysis illustrated that the relationship between infectious diseases and authoritarianism was pronounced for infectious diseases that can be acquired from other humans (nonzoonotic), and does not generalize to other infectious diseases that can only be acquired from non-human species (zoonotic diseases). At a time of heightened awareness of infectious diseases, these findings are important reminders that public health and ecology can have ramifications for socio-political attitudes, and this can shape how citizens vote as well as how they govern and are governed.
Evidence for a Cultural Mindset: Combining Process Data, Theory, and Simulation
Authors: Holden LaTasha R , LaMar Michelle , Bauer Malcolm
Published: April 2020

The goal of the present work is to build a foundation for understanding cognition and decision-making processes in innovative assessment contexts. Specifically, we will assess students’ Cross-Cultural Competence (3C: see Thomas et al., 2008) through a social simulation game. The present work will use Mindset (i.e., individuals beliefs about whether ability is fixed or changeable, see Dweck, 2006) to ground the project in theory because it has been shown to be a powerful motivator for decision-making and behavior in learning and achievement (Dweck & Leggett; 1988; Dweck, 1999), and in cross-cultural contexts (Dweck, 2012). The novel contribution of this paper is to apply Mindset theory to social situations requiring 3C, thus proposing the notion of cultural mindsets—defined here as the set of beliefs including affect, cognition, and behavior people bring to cross-cultural contexts. In cultural mindset, affect and cognition govern the ease with which people adapt, learn, and update cultural information. Additionally, we argue that cultural mindsets are important mechanisms involved in navigating cross-cultural situations effectively and should be considered more in future research. In order to understand how cultural mindset affects student performance, we will apply a computational cognitive modeling approach using Markov decision process (MDP) models. The MDP approach is appropriate for sequential decision-making in non-deterministic environments—as actions are chosen as part of a plan to achieve goals with the knowledge that some action effects will be probabilistic.
The Dark Path to Eternal Life: Machiavellianism Predicts Approval of Mind Upload Technology
Authors: Laakasuo Michael , Repo Marko , Berg Anton , Drosinou Marianna , Kunnari Anton , Koverola Mika , Saikkonen Teemu , Hannikainen Ivar Rodríguez , Visala Aku , Sundvall Jukka Reima Ilmari
Published: April 2020

Mind upload, making a digital copy of one’s brain, is a part of the transhumanistic dream of eternal life and the end of suffering. It is also perceived as a viable route toward artificial general intelligence (AGI). However, AI safety research has alerted to one major risk in creating AGI by mind upload: namely, that mind upload technology could appeal primarily to callous and selfish individuals who then abuse this technology for their personal gain—and, potentially, at a considerable cost to the welfare of humankind. Therefore, it is important to understand whether people’s acceptance of mind upload is associated with pathological and/or antisocial traits. To this end, the present research examined whether individual differences in Dark Triad traits predict attitudes toward mind upload in a sample of 1007 English-speaking adults. A pre-registered structural equation model revealed that Machiavellianism (but not psychopathy) was associated with favourable views about mind upload, both directly and indirectly through utilitarian moral attitudes. These results therefore substantiate the concerns voiced by AI safety researchers—namely, that mind upload technology could be adopted disproportionately by individuals with an antisocial personality.
An explicit investigation of the roles that feature distributions play in rapid visual categorization
Authors: Im Hee Yeon , Tiurina Natalia , Utochkin Igor
Published: April 2020

Ensemble representations are often described as efficient tools when summarizing features of multiple similar objects as a group. However, it can sometimes be more useful not to compute a single summary description for all of the objects if they are substantially different, for example, when they belong to entirely different categories. It was proposed that the visual system can efficiently use the distributional information of ensembles to decide whether simultaneously displayed items belong to single or several different categories. Here we directly tested how the feature distribution of items in a visual array affects an ability to discriminate individual items (Experiment 1) and sets (Experiments 2-3) when participants were instructed explicitly to categorize individual objects based on the median of size distribution. We varied the width (narrow or fat) as well as the shape (smooth or two-peaked) of distributions in order to manipulate the ease of ensemble extraction from the items. We found that observers unintentionally relied on the grand mean as a natural categorical boundary and that their categorization accuracy increased as a function of the size differences among individual items and a function of their separation from the grand mean. For ensembles drawn from two-peaked size distributions, participants showed better categorization performance. They were more accurate at judging within-category ensemble properties in other dimensions (centroid and orientation) and less biased by superset statistics. This finding corroborates the idea that the two-peaked feature distributions support the “segmentability” of spatially intermixed sets of objects. Our results emphasize important roles of ensemble statistics (mean, range, distribution shape) in explicit visual categorization.
Periodontal Parameters Alterations with Use of Conventional Bracket and Self-ligating Brackets
Authors: Bajracharya Manish , Gorkhali Ranjita Shrestha , Khanal Abhilasha , Shrestha Neesha , Parajuli Umesh
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Different bracket systems are available in the market claiming to have some advantage over the other. Conventional brackets and the self-ligating brackets are the most common. Though both the systems work basically similarly, the difference between the two system is principally in the ligating technique. The advantage of conventional brackets claimed are faster tooth movements and improved oral health of the patient.

Materials & Method: A total number of 20 patients were shorted from the waiting list meeting the selection criteria. With the help of random number generator, two groups with 10 subjects each were created for conventional brackets (0.022 Slot MBT brackets) and self-ligating brackets (0.022 Slot DAMON prescription) respectively. The patients were blinded regarding the selection of the brackets. The brackets were bonded according to the random number allocation. After the bonding, the periodontal parameters i.e. gingival index (GI), plaque Index (PI) were measured again at an interval of 60 (T1) and 120 days (T2). Periodontal indices were calculated by summing the mean score of each examined tooth and dividing by the number of the evaluated teeth. Data collection was done with the help of a periodontal probe. All the records were taken by the same periodontist to avoid inter-examiner variability. To reassure that there is no any intra-examiner variation for periodontal status, the same periodontist re-measured the periodontal parameters again of 10 individuals selected randomly after 7 days from the initial measurements. To examine the intra-examination variability, Dahlberg’s formula was used between the two readings taken at a span of 7 days of the same subjects. The mean value of Plaque index and Gingival index was checked for normal distribution applying Kolmogorov- Smirnov test. One-way ANOVA test was applied for comparison between and within groups for plaque index and Gingival index during three different period in Conventional brackets and Self-ligating brackets. Post hoc Bonferroni test was applied for multiple comparison. Independent t-test was applied for comparison between conventional brackets and self-ligating brackets to compare the plaque index and gingival index. All data were test were analyzed at P<0.05.

Result: There was no any significant difference between T0 and T1 and between T1 and T2 in both the conventional brackets and self-ligating brackets. However, there was statistical difference between the time period from T0 to T2. There was also no any significant difference between conventional bracket and self-ligating brackets in terms of plaque index and gingival index.

Conclusion: There are no advantages of self-ligating brackets over conventional brackets in terms of periodontal status.
Prediction of Combined Mesiodistal Width of Unerupted Permanent Canine and Premolars using Moyer’s Mixed Dentition Analysis in Nepalese Newar Population
Authors: Shrestha Amrita , Pradhan Dilesh
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Moyer’s probability table is most commonly used to predict the mesiodistal width of permanent canines and premolars in mixed dentition. However, the table was formulated using data from Caucasian population. This study was performed to compare the Moyer’s prediction table with actual value in Nepalese Newar population as ethnicity is one of the important factor to determine teeth width.

Materials & Method: Combined mesiodistal width of permanent canine and premolars were measured in 150 study models of Nepalese Newar orthodontic patients (75males and 75 females). The value was compared with the Moyer’s prediction table at all probability level.

Result: There was no statistically significant difference between the actual combined width and that predicted from Moyer’s table at 85% probability level for maxilla and at 75% level for mandible in male, at 95% probability level for maxilla and at 85% probability level for mandible in female.

Conclusion: Moyer’s probability level can be used to predict the combined mesiodistal width of permanent canines and premolars in Nepalese Newar population but at specific probability level.
INNOVATING CARBON MATERIALS OPEN NEW POSSIBILITIES FOR INCREASING PERFORMANCE OF Li-ion BATTERIES
Authors: Yurii Pustovalov  , Elеna Shembel  , Vlad Redko  , Timothy Pastushkin  , Nellya Zaderey  , Alexander Markevich  , Leon Vishnyakov  , Igor Sagirov
Published: April 2020

The purpose of research and development, the results of which are presented in this publication is the modification of carbon materials for use in anode and cathode materials Li batteries with non-aqueous electrolytes. Innovative carbon materials will provide increased energy and safety of lithium current sources, while at the same time reducing the cost of lithium current sources.
СПОСОБЫ УЧЕТА ВЛИЯНИЯ ПОВЕДЕНИЯ ЛЮДЕЙ И ИХ ЗАСЕЛЕННОСТИ НА ЭНЕРГОМОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ ЗДАНИЙ
Authors: Нурланулы А.  , Палов И.  , Стояк В. В.  , Дауренбаева Н. А.  , Сираков К.
Published: April 2020

The article is devoted to the actual problem: the study of human behavior in the house and its role in the overall life of the building in the field of energy consumption. The authors of the work seeks to follow the process of behavior of tenants. The article an analysis of the views of researchers aimed at developing various approaches to obtaining and modeling information about the behavior of people in buildings. As a research task, the authors determined an attempt to assess the potential for energy saving from human behavior in residential and commercial buildings. The paper presents modern data collection technologies for research related to human behavior. The question of modeling building occupancy by developing a software module, which could model different levels of occupancy of a building with people will continue to be controversial. The article summarizes some results of the most dominant parameters of modeling human behavior.As a result of the analysis, the authors identified basic moments and recommendations for future research.
Redo Resection of Residual Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction in a Postoperative Case of Tetralogy of Fallot under Moderately Hypothermic Extracorporeal Circulation and Cardioplegic Arrest: A
Authors: Jani Ylber , Rexhepi Atila , Pocesta Bekim , Kamberi Ahmet , Ferati Fatmir , Xhunga Sotiraq , Serani Artur , Lala Dali , Zeqiri Agim , Mirto Arben , Zylbeari Lutfi
Published: April 2020

Following the introduction of intracardiac repair of tetralogy of Fallot, early mortality in 1950s was as high as 25%. However, by the mid-1980s, this has reduced to 2% and currently ~ 0% even in neonates and young infants despite the risk of reoperations, a large number of studies have documented satisfactory long-term survival rates in repaired tetralogy of Fallot, with a 30-year survival rate ranging from 86% to 91.7%
COURSE PREGNANCY AND ITS OUTCOME IN WOMEN AT THE HIGH RISK GROUP FOR PREECLAMPSIA
Authors: Vashchenko V.L. , Likhachev V.K. , Taranovska O.O.
Published: April 2020

Introduction. Preeclampsia constitutes a significant proportion of maternal and prenatal morbidity and mortality. The rate of prenatal mortality in severe preeclampsia is 18-30 ‰, and for prenatal morbidity it is 640-780 ‰. The aim of the research was to study the clinical efficacy of early prognosis of preeclampsia and secondary prevention of this pathology. Materials and methods. Selection of the subjects at the risk group for the development of preeclampsia was performed on the basis of reduced blood flow in the spiral arteries of the uterus in the area of the placental site at 18-20 (+6 days) weeks of pregnancy. 30 healthy pregnant women and 91 pregnant women at risk for preeclampsia were examined; 32 pregnant women with the risk for preeclampsia refused advanced secondary prevention of preeclampsia, 59 pregnant women received the secondary prevention of preeclampsia (vitamin D3, metformin and corvitin) we proposed. We collected data on general and reproductive history, conducted objective clinical and laboratory examination, analyzed the course of the present pregnancy, the course and outcome of childbirth, their complications, the condition of the foetuses and newborns. Results. Reduced blood flow in the spiral arteries of the uterus located in the area of the placental site during the second ultrasound screening at 18-20 (+6 days) weeks of pregnancy is an informative prognostic sign of a high risk for preeclampsia. Pregnant women who consented to the secondary prevention of preeclampsia (vitamin D3, metformin, corvitin) as compared with the group of women who refused such prevention had fewer complications of pregnancy (preeclampsia, delayed foetal development, foetal distress and premature placental abruption, preterm birth) and childbirth (premature bursting of amniotic fluid was in 2.6 times less frequent, poor uterine contraction strength – in 1.8 times less, obstetric bleeding – in 2.8 times less, neonatal asphyxia – in 2.9 times less, no preterm infants with extremely low birth weight, intrauterine mortality occurred in 1.8 times less frequent).
IMPROVING EFFICIENCY OF ANTIOXIDANT AND CYTOPROTECTIVE THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH NSAID-GASTROPATHY AND CONCOMITANT ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE
Authors: Parkhomenko V. V. , Hopko A. F. , Skrypnyk I. M.
Published: April 2020

Introduction. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) are remaining to be the gold standard of antiplatelet therapy for ischemic heart disease, but at the same time NSAID therapy is associated with a number of side effects and risks, among which the leading place is ranked by gastropathy. The aim of this study was to explore the ways in improving the effectiveness of the integrated therapy modification for patients who had gastropathy not associated with Helicobacter Pylori, and concomitant ischemic heart disease, by including Artemisia Argyi leaf extract. Materials and methods. The study involved 82 patients, who, depending on prescribed therapeutic schemes were divided into two groups: I (n=44) group took proton pump inhibitors in standard doses (standard therapy) and II group (n=38), who, in addition to the standard mode of the therapy took Artemisia Argyi leaf extract. The condition of gastric mucosal barrier was assessed by the serum content of N-acetylneuraminic acid and fucoproteins; oxidative stress activity was evaluated by serum TBA concentration and catalase activity. Results. The patients who took Artemisiae Argyi extract and the proton pump inhibitor therapy have demonstrated the increase in mucosal barrier resistance of the gastroduodenal area that was confirmed by reducing of N-acetylneuraminic acid in serum in 1.2 times (p<0.001) following 14 days and in 2 times (p<0.001) after 1.5 months compared to the baseline parameters; while serum fucoproteins increased in 1.4 times (p<0.05) and 1.9 times (p<0.001), respectively. Over 1.5 months of the therapy the content of serum TBA-reactants was 9.76±3.16 µmol/l, catalase – 3.05±0.44 IU/l. Conclusion. The study has proven positive cytoprotective and antioxidant effect of Artemisiae Argyi leaf extract for patients with NSAID-induced gastropathy and is not associated with Helicobacter Pylori.
VEGETATIVE REACTIVITY AND VEGETATIVE SUPPLY IN DIFFERENT VARIANTS OF GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE IN YOUNG PATIENTS WITH AUTOIMMUNE INFLAMMATION
Authors: Pasiieshvili T.M.
Published: April 2020

Aim: to determine the state and role of autonomic reactivity and autonomic supply in patients with different manifestations of gastroesophageal reflux disease in combination with autoimmune thyroiditis through psychological testing by using a questionnaire of A.M. Vejn.

Materials and methods. 87 patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease and autoimmune thyroiditis and 45 persons with an isolated gastroesophageal reflux disease were enrolled in the study. All the examined individuals were students.

Results. It has been shown that the course of diseases is accompanied by a layering of clinical manifestations of autonomic dysfunction, which are more pronounced in cases of comorbidities. It has been found out that vegetative supply prevails in a number of indicators in the patients with an erosive form of gastroesophageal reflux disease. It has been proven that in almost all the cases of erosion (8 people - 72.7%), the individuals experienced some clinical manifestations of vegetative provision, such as general weakness, increased fatigue, lability of the pulse and blood pressure, and palpitation. At the same time, the “vegetative tail” was recorded only in a third (34.7%) of the studied without erosive lesions of the esophageal mucous membrane. The patients with an erosive form of the disease have a long period of experiencing some manifestations of autonomic dysfunction (up to 3 months) that considerably affects the quality of their life.

Conclusions. Coupling of autoimmune thyroiditis and gastroesophageal reflux disease leads to the emergence of autonomic reactivity. Vegetative “supply” of the course of comorbidity between gastroesophageal reflux disease and autoimmune thyroiditis becomes more pronounced in the presence of an erosive process in the mucous membrane, which is also known as one of the factors of its possible manifestations.
MARKERS FOR PREDICTING THE DEVELOPMENT OF CRITICAL CONDITION IN CHILDREN WITH RESPIRATORY DISEASES UNDER INTENSIVE THERAPY
Authors: Fesenko M.Ye. , Pokhylko V.I. , Tsvirenko S.M. , Ziuzina L.S. , Kaliuzhka O.O.
Published: April 2020

Introduction. The clinical course of respiratory diseases is often accompanied with the impairment of the nervous system, it makes up a large proportion in the clinical picture of diseases, and often leads to long-term adverse effects. The purpose of the study is to elaborate the diagnostic algorithm for predicting the course of diseases in children with respiratory pathology during the intensive care based on the thorough study of clinical and anamnestic predictors. Subjects and methodology. The study included 132 children aged from 1 day to 1 year with various pathologies during intensive care. The children were divided into 6 groups: I group included 87 patients with acute respiratory viral infection (ARVI), pneumonia; II group included 21 children with ARVI, stenosis of II-III degree, III group involved 10 children with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. There was a group of children supported with artificial lung ventilation (14), who make up IV group; 20 children died. The control group consisted of 25 healthy children aged under 1 year old. We carried out clinical, bacteriological, immunological examination and statistical processing of findings obtained. Results. When assessing the cases of the clinical course in children up to 1 year, who needed intensive care to mitigate the symptoms of acute respiratory failure of II-III degree, we have found out that except of aggravating factors in the ante-, intra- and postnatal period, there are the number of  pathological change detected by neurosonography, which are of unfavourable predictive value: 29.5% of children had subependymal haemorrhages; 10.3%, of children had intraventricular haemorrhages, 9% of children had periventricular haemorrhages. Infants with acute respiratory failure III degree who needed artificial lung ventilation (50% of them were premature) were born to mothers with a pathologic pregnancy and childbirth. Among children who were in the intensive care unit, the general mortality was 15.2%. The causes of death of newborns included asphyxia (80%), respiratory disorder syndrome III degree (10%), hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (10%). In the long-term period, the main cause of death was pneumonia, complicated by acute respiratory failure III degree, brain oedema. Conclusion. Applying of the markers to prevent and reverse the development of infants’ critical condition promotes to the reduction of morbidity, disability and mortality of children.