bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic and anti-oxidant bioactives of beer and brewery by-products, as ingredients of bio-functional foods, nutraceuticals, cosmetics, cosmeceuticals and pharmaceuticals with health promoting properties
Authors: Tsoupras Alexandros , Panagopoulou Eirini A. , Kyzas George Z.
Published: May 2024

Fermented alcoholic beverages and their by-products, including beer and breweries' bio-wastes like spent yeasts, grain, and hops, contain a plethora of natural bioactive compounds that have recently gained attention for their valorization as functional ingredients in several novel foods and nutraceuticals, as well as in drugs and cosmetics applications. Within this article, the natural bio-functional compounds of fermented beer product and breweries' by-products with anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, and anti-oxidant bioactivities are thoroughly reviewed. The important roles of yeasts involved for such bioactives to be present in the fermented product and in the brewery bio-wastes are also outlined. The health promoting benefits of beer moderate consumption resulting from these bioactives, as part of a balanced diet, against inflammation-related chronic disorders is also discussed, along with the detrimental effects of beer consumption abuse and the potential benefits of alternative non-alcoholic beers. The mechanisms of action and synergism of the natural bioactives present in the fermented beer product and in breweries' by-products, with anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic, and antioxidant properties are also presented. Current research and future perspectives on valorizing bioactives of fermented beer and brewery by-products, such as spent yeasts, grain and hops in health-promoting functional foods, supplements, nutraceuticals cosmetics, cosmeceuticals, and pharmaceuticals are also thoroughly evaluated, while the limitations of their use are also discussed.
Iacobus Gallus: Opus musicum I/3
Authors: Gallus Iacobus , Škulj Edo , Motnik Marko , Desmet Marc
Published: May 2024

From the very beginning, one of the most important and ambitious goals of the MAMS collection has been publication of the collected works of Iacobus Handl-Gallus in a modern transcription tailored to the needs of contemporary performers. The publication of his famous collection of motets, Opus musicum, consisting of four books containing a total of 374 motets, partially achieved this goal in 1990. The transcriptions and critical commentaries were prepared by Edo Škulj, and Gallus’s motets were published in thirteen volumes between 1985 and 1990. The edition is enriched by numerous facsimiles from Gallus’s original prints, published between 1586 and 1590 by the Prague printer Georg Nigrin (Jiří Černý). Gallus divided the first book of his Opus musicum (1586) into three sections, which have been retained in the MAMS edition. The third volume (I/3) consists of 4-, 5-, 6- and 8-part motets for the pre-Lenten (Septuagesima) and Lenten (Quadragesima) seasons of the church year.

The 2023 digitized post-edition is accompanied by a new preface and an introductory study by Dr Marc Desmet that summarizes and compiles all recent findings about the composer and his work.
Human Quantum Mechanics and Human Entanglement Theory: A New Paradigm for Social Sciences and Beyond
Authors: Aspalter Christian
Published: May 2024

This article catches up with the latest trend in social sciences that has silently spread out across a larger spectrum of academic disciplines, which is quantum-inspired theory building. The method applied is theory building, and the theory built is a metatheory that encompasses all forms of human communication. The theory works with the least common denominators of communication, with words, and anything that is constructed using words or that can be expressed in words (including thoughts and feelings). The author has set up a general theory of human communication, and hence human action, integrating not only Michel Foucault’s theory of power relations but also other main social theories that corroborate one another. The key to the new metatheory of human entanglement are the hidden forces that prevent, impede, encourage, and bring about new thoughts and new words uttered, and hence new human decision-making and action. There are many dimensions of human entanglements that specific disciplines need to get hold of and investigate further. This article merely provides a springboard for future research investigations, including further theory construction in all disciplines and topics related to interpersonal and intrapersonal human communication, and human action.
Multistakeholder Participation, Collaboration, and Networking in Disaster Risk Reduction and Pandemic Management: Insights and Future Policy Framework
Authors: Panneer Sigamani , Dutta Subhabrata , Bhat Lekha D , Kandpal Prakash Chand , Babu P Robert Ramesh , M Rubavel , Akkayasamy Vigneshwaran Subbiah
Published: May 2024

The natural and manmade disasters impact a society with loss of assets and human lives. Disasters leavepeople in vulnerable conditions and an overall economic slowdown is observed. The impact of disasters is highly complex and multidimensional in nature. It becomes imperative to handle the complexity of issues with comprehensive approach. Managing disasters effectively is one of the important challenges any government faces when it tries to be prepared with appropriate mitigation, rescue, and relief strategies. The unexpected nature and urgency related to Disaster Risk Reduction makes it important and relevant to involvemultistakeholders. This will help to bring down the severity and impact of the disaster on human lives and losses. Disaster Risk Reductionrequires meticulous planning and sharing of the responsibility among multistakeholders through networking so as to bring down the severity and minimize the negative impact of a disaster. Many research studies have suggested the multistakeholder approach in addressing the disasters. There are several gaps such as inefficiency of vertical management to deal the issues, involvement of multiple stakeholders, and lack of local public supportfor disaster. This paper, considering the case of COVID-19 as a pandemic and disaster, discusses the importance of multistakeholder participation. The paper presents an extensive review of the papers on the relevance ofparticipation of multistakeholdersin Disaster Risk Reduction and explores the scope and challenges involved and suggests policies to address the disasters, which utilizes Multistakeholder Participation.
Uncovering the Shadows
Authors: Rekha Gopala Sasie
Published: May 2024

This chapter explores the intricate facets of human trafficking in Indonesia, focusing on the role of forensic science and criminology in addressing this critical issue. It examines the challenges faced by law enforcement agencies and the effectiveness of digital forensics in combating trafficking. Additionally, the chapter delves into the importance of victim support and trafficking prevention strategies, discussing the impact of socio-economic factors and the necessity of robust legal frameworks. Emphasis is placed on the development of comprehensive rehabilitation programs, fostering international cooperation for a transboundary approach to this crime. The chapter also highlights the evolving nature of cybercrime in the context of trafficking, underscoring the need for proactive policy development and enhanced transboundary crime management strategies.
Analytical Techniques in Forensic Science
Authors: Neole Nupoor Gopal
Published: May 2024

Spectroscopy and chromatography are two fundamental analytical techniques widely used in scientific research, industrial applications, and various fields of study, including chemistry, biology, environmental science, and forensic science. Spectroscopy involves the interaction of matter with electromagnetic radiation, allowing the characterization of molecules based on their absorption, emission, or scattering of light. Chromatography, on the other hand, is a separation technique that separates and analyzes mixtures based on differences in their distribution between a mobile phase and a stationary phase. This abstract provides an overview of the principles, methodologies, and applications of spectroscopy and chromatography. It highlights their significance in elucidating the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances, as well as their roles in qualitative and quantitative analysis, detection of impurities, and identification of compounds in complex matrices.
Applications of VR (Virtual Reality) Technology for Detection, Investigation, and Rehabilitation
Authors: Robinson Selina W. M.
Published: May 2024

This chapter explores the extensive use of virtual reality (VR) technology within the UK's criminal justice system, focusing on its applications in investigation, correction, and rehabilitation. Driven by the need for efficient training solutions, VR is employed for crime scene reconstruction, inmate rehabilitation, and offender reintegration, as illustrated through case studies and scholarly literature. The chapter delves into the intersection of VR technology with various aspects of the criminal justice system, emphasizing its potential to improve investigative practices, enhance correctional outcomes, and support offender rehabilitation. It encompasses the technical capabilities of VR, its applications in criminal investigation, forensics, correctional facility management, and offender treatment programs, while also addressing ethical considerations and best practices for implementation. By harnessing the power of VR, the UK's criminal justice system can transform its approach to investigation, corrections, and rehabilitation.
A Study on Blockchain's Transformation of Healthcare Systems
Authors: Rajkumar M. , Sudha G. , Agarwal Ruchi , Jesi V. Elizabeth , Bagyalakshmi N. , Sudhakar M.
Published: May 2024

Blockchain technology has emerged as a transformative force in the healthcare sector, and this chapter explores the emerging applications of blockchain technology in the global healthcare system through a series of case studies. The case studies cover a wide range of use cases, such as electronic health records, clinical trials, patient privacy and consent management, pharmaceutical supply chain management, and medical research. The findings underscore the potential of blockchain to revolutionize healthcare by improving data security, enhancing transparency and accountability, enabling patient-centric care, and fostering collaboration among stakeholders. However, challenges such as scalability, privacy concerns, regulatory frameworks, and interoperability need to be addressed for widespread adoption. The chapter concludes with a call for further exploration and adoption of blockchain technology in healthcare to improve patient outcomes.
Bridging Gaps in Patient Care With AI-Driven IoMT
Authors: Mohanty Anita , Mohapatra Ambarish Gajendra , Mohanty Subrat Kumar
Published: May 2024

This chapter explores the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) within the internet of medical things (IoMT) to address significant challenges in contemporary healthcare. The focus is on communication barriers, data fragmentation, and resource allocation issues, advocating for AI-driven solutions such as federated learning, privacy-preserving techniques, and multi-party communications. Real-world case studies illustrate the tangible impact of AI on improving diagnosis, treatment, and patient engagement. Ethical considerations, challenges, and lessons learned provide a comprehensive understanding of the implementation landscape. Practical recommendations for implementation, including strategic frameworks and regulatory considerations, guide stakeholders in navigating this transformative journey. In summary, the chapter serves as a valuable resource for healthcare professionals, policymakers, and researchers, offering insights into the evolving landscape of patient care through AI-driven IoMT, to optimize healthcare delivery and address critical gaps in the healthcare system.
IoMT in Smart Cities Scaling Challenges, Smart Healthcare Applications, Data Integrity
Authors: Vashishth Tarun Kumar , Sharma Vikas , Sharma Kewal Krishan , Kumar Bhupendra , Chaudhary Sachin , Panwar Rajneesh
Published: May 2024

The internet of medical things (IoMT) has emerged as a transformative force in the intersection of healthcare and smart cities. This chapter delves into the scaling challenges, smart healthcare applications, and the critical aspect of data integrity within the IoMT framework in the context of smart cities. As connected medical devices become integral components of urban health ecosystems, ensuring scalability while maintaining data integrity becomes paramount. The chapter explores the evolving landscape of IoMT in smart cities, emphasizing challenges associated with device proliferation, interoperability, and the dynamic nature of healthcare data. Additionally, it highlights innovative smart healthcare applications empowered by IoMT and addresses strategies for preserving data integrity to uphold the reliability of healthcare systems in urban environments.
Navigating the Future of Healthcare
Authors: Komalasari Rita
Published: May 2024

The internet of medical things (IoMT) is a rapidly evolving technology that is set to revolutionize patient care, diagnosis, and monitoring. However, its success relies on the strategic design of user-centric business models. This research explores the relationship between technological innovation and business model design in IoMT, focusing on user perspectives and expectations. Findings reveal that trust-building mechanisms and subscription services are pivotal factors in IoMT adoption, demonstrating the importance of integrating successful digital technology business models to close the gap between technical progress and user expectations.
Small Business Entrepreneurial Ecosystems in Regional Development
Authors: Chandana H. S. (d739aac6-0d7d-4ac0-84cf-f18c720e04bf  , Prabakaran S , Banerji Sanchita , Kumaresan T. , Anandakumar S. , Boopathi S.
Published: May 2024

The chapter discusses the role of small business entrepreneurial ecosystems in regional development, highlighting their intricate dynamics and symbiotic relationships among stakeholders. These ecosystems are hubs where entrepreneurs, government entities, educational institutions, and support organizations collaborate to drive economic growth and innovation. The chapter emphasizes their resilience and adaptability despite economic fluctuations, technological transformations, and societal shifts. Strategies to enhance the effectiveness and inclusivity of these ecosystems include promoting collaboration, innovation, and knowledge sharing, empowering entrepreneurs, and driving long-term regional development. The chapter offers a roadmap for stakeholders to harness their collective potential and drive positive change.
Communicating With Consumers in Environmental Sustainability Advertising
Authors: Becan Cihan
Published: May 2024

In today's world, brands try to positively influence consumers and strengthen their brand image by showcasing themselves on environmental issues. This study examines consumer responses by analyzing comments on YouTube for ten award-winning ads in the environmental and social benefit category of Effie Turkey. The research aims to provide insight into the relationship between brand perception and performance metrics using sentiment analysis and a dataset created by realistic user-generated data. The analysis showed that the number of positive comments exceeded the number of negative comments for all the advertisement videos examined. This suggests that individuals expressing their opinions on YouTube generally hold positive emotions towards environmental sustainability-themed messages and have a hopeful perspective and confidence in the brands' activities. The findings indicate that environmental sustainability efforts are significant in building brand loyalty among consumers and forming an emotional connection between the brand and the consumer, thus gaining a competitive advantage.
Dynamic Strategies and Evolutionary Trajectories
Authors: Baranidharan S. , Sankarkumar Amirdha Vasani , Subramani K. , Madeswaran A.
Published: May 2024

This comprehensive review explores the evolution of experiential marketing in the soft drink industry from 2005 to 2024. It uses analysis from a diverse set of 62 scholarly articles, Google books, Google Scholar, SSRN, Fig share, and various publishers such as Taylor & Francis, IGI Global, and Springer. The study traces the industry's trajectory from traditional marketing approaches to a digital-centric paradigm. The research captures pivotal moments in the development of experiential marketing strategies, emphasizing the integration of technology, sustainability, and community engagement. Key findings highlight the industry's adaptability to changing consumer preferences, the strategic use of data-driven insights, and the importance of inclusivity in crafting compelling brand narratives. The study identifies overarching trends, challenges, and opportunities that shaped the experiential marketing landscape in the soft drink industry over the past two decades.
Genetic Data
Authors: Petkar Neetu Pranay
Published: May 2024

This chapter will discuss the integration of genetic data into marketing strategies which represents a groundbreaking shift in the way businesses understand and engage with consumers. This will also explore the transformative impact of leveraging genetic information for consumer understanding, product development, and consumer targeting. This study will involve into the challenges and opportunities associated with this paradigm shift, including regulatory considerations and public perceptions. This chapter will provide insight into multiple uses of genetic data into fields like healthcare and nutrition as well as fitness industry. The companies can target effectively using specific genes of individual for customized promotion and advertising at a personal level. This basic approach will add a value in the marketing by approaching customers. Companies should take consent from people before sharing or utilizing their private data for marketing purposes or related purpose. They should follow rules and regulation made with respect to the safety and privacy.
How AI Impacts Marketing and Business Jobs and Decision-Making Processes in the Leading AI Economy and in a Technostress Environment
Authors: Goudira Eleana
Published: May 2024

This research delves into the effect of artificial intelligence on white-collar occupations, specifically within marketing and business. As the integration of AI tools in the workforce accelerates, professionals in these sectors grapple with the consequences of technostress. It is a widely held concern that implementing AI technology in the corporate sector may lead to job displacement despite its ability to enhance productivity and bolster profitability. Conversely, others argue that AI will create new opportunities and emphasise the importance of a comprehensive understanding of AI tools for career advancement. This study investigates the potential impact of AI technology on the careers of marketers and business professionals, how AI impacts decision-making processes, and examines the techno stressors that might affect employees' mental health, as well as concerns such as authenticity and transhumanism. The findings will be based on thorough secondary research.
Relationship Management Between Consumers and Suppliers
Authors: Ferreira Nuno , Sousa Bruno Barbosa , Fernandes Paula Odete
Published: May 2024

The research carried out aimed to identify strategies, tools, and functionalities which influence the management of relationships between customers and suppliers, in the wholesale and retail sector in Portugal. Is also aimed to understand the propensity towards purchasing variables and understand their perspective on the new challenges facing them and the sector. Based on the literature review developed, this investigation resorted to the use of semi-structured interviews, carried out with eight managers of companies in the wholesale and retail sector in Portugal. As main results, the interviewees were able to identify different ways of creating value for customers, namely the quality of products and services, meeting delivery deadlines and technical knowledge. Most companies achieve a competitive advantage through internal sources such as creativity, level of technology, capacity for innovation and learning or the experience of their professionals. Furthermore, companies have different approaches to markets and use different marketing tools, appropriate to their size.
Research Notes on the Future of Marketing and Consumer Insights
Authors: Tarnanidis Theodore , Manaf Arman Hadi Abdul
Published: May 2024

The objectives of this chapter are to explore some of the most critical trends that reshaping marketing and driving marketing practitioners, marketing education and academic research in marketing and consumer science to change radically the direction of how marketing must transform itself and foresee the future. The ongoing trends in marketing and consumer insights that are likely to shape the future the use of big data and analytics and AI technologies which transforming marketing strategies, enabling predictive analytics, chatbots for customer service, and personalized recommendations. These technologies are also enhancing consumer insights by processing vast amounts of data to uncover patterns and trends. These trends are likely to continue shaping the future of marketing and consumer insights, but it's essential for marketers to stay agile and adaptable in response to emerging technologies and shifting consumer behaviors.
The Love for In-Store Shopping
Authors: Ismail Ahmed Rageh , Khedr Nermeen Z.
Published: May 2024

In the midst of e-commerce dominance, this chapter delves into the enduring allure of in-store shopping, examining the factors that sustain its relevance. Focusing on the interplay between store brand personality, image, and the pivotal concept of store brand love. Positive associations of store brand personality and image are posited to cultivate store brand love. The chapter proposes that store brand personality moderates the relationship between image and love. The chapter's contribution lies in providing insights for retailers, marketers, and brand managers, guiding strategies to fortify brick-and-mortar retail's competitive edge. In a dynamic retail landscape, this nuanced exploration reaffirms in-store shopping's significance, informing strategic decisions and marketing approaches for retailers.
The Metaverse
Authors: Bhasin Cheryl , Dilawari Hritik , Yuvaa Prasath K , Yadav Shiv Shankar Kumar
Published: May 2024

In recent years, the metaverse has gained popularity in the business world. It is a virtual space where individuals or groups can interact with each other using different digital objects in real time, thus creating a new dimension of social, economic, entertainment activities, and interests. Rapidly emerging business opportunities have triggered organisations to adapt the metaverse as a new engaging platform so that they can gain higher competitive advantage. However, the metaverse adaptation rate is low, the best practices are yet to emerge, and the discussions related to practitioners and scholars are in nominal existence. Deriving from the same question, this chapter tries to enrich the dearth of discussion by analysing the metaverse with and inclination toward the consumer's consumption and financial viability. The chapter may act as a guiding source to practitioners for rational policy making and may be helpful to scholars in extending interdisciplinary research paths across different knowledge domains.
Human Behaviour and the Economy
Authors: V. Hamsini , Patil Shweta V.
Published: May 2024

This chapter provides an overview of the economy's behavioural influence. It attempts to understand why individuals make irrational decisions in the market. It will cover both the psychological and economic aspects of behavioural economics. The psychological aspect will cover the heuristics and cognitive biases, understanding why people make errors in their decisions. Social preferences and social norms will focus on understanding the theory of fairness, reciprocity, and cooperation in the context of ultimatum games, dictator games and the trust game, concentrating on the individuals' response towards other people. Along with the psychological aspect, we will learn the theories different psychologists and economists implement. To understand the individual's behaviour in the economy and the market, various applications, and case studies will be mentioned.
Revolutionizing Medical Libraries
Authors: Taj Amreen , Ahmed Mohammed Gulzar , Ali K. S. , Senthilkumar K. R.
Published: May 2024

The study aims to analyse the discovery, access strategies, and library services at the Central Library of Yenepoya (deemed to be University) (hereafter referred to as YCL) with a specific focus on the role of AI. By identifying challenges and proposing solutions, the study employs a qualitative case study method to investigate the discovery, access, and library services at YCL. Data gathering techniques include interviews, observation, content analysis of library records, and a thorough review of relevant literature. The researcher personally observes the library operations and supplements primary data with an analysis of secondary materials. Microsoft Excel is utilized for data management and analysis. The study indicates that the Yenepoya Central Library effectively facilitates the discovery and access of e-resources, along with providing various additional services such as research support, RFID services, QR codes for materials, reference assistance, technical support, and email-based services. However, there's a need for integrating AI tools into the library services.
Exploring the Transformative Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Research Library Management
Authors: Sathiya M. , Vidya M.
Published: May 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) has wielded considerable influence over diverse facets of contemporary society, including the intricate dynamics of research libraries. This chapter undertakes an in-depth exploration of AI's profound impact on library functionalities, services, and user interfaces. Through an exhaustive review of scholarly works and empirical studies, the authors scrutinize how AI technologies such as machine learning, natural language processing, and data analytics are fundamentally altering the landscape of information retrieval, resource curation, and scholarly discourse within research libraries. Moreover, they delve into the nuanced challenges and prospects stemming from the integration of AI, encompassing concerns regarding privacy, algorithmic bias, and the evolving roles and responsibilities of librarians. By grasping and leveraging AI's potent influence, research libraries can adeptly navigate and thrive amidst the swiftly evolving digital milieu, thereby amplifying their support for scholarly pursuits and the dissemination of knowledge.
Enhanced Services of Next-Gen Libraries Through Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Joselin J. , Anuja Beatrice B. , Indhumathi S.
Published: May 2024

In today's rapidly evolving digital landscape, next-generation libraries are embracing artificial intelligence (AI) to revolutionize their services and redefine the user experience. This chapter explores the transformative role of AI in enhancing library services, focusing on key applications and approaches. AI-powered technologies are facilitating improved information retrieval systems, personalized recommendation services, streamlined metadata management, and advanced digital preservation efforts. Additionally, AI enables intelligent cataloguing and classification, automated text analysis, and user-centric design principles. Through collaborative partnerships, in-house training programs, and agile methodologies, libraries are effectively integrating AI solutions to meet the diverse needs of patrons and ensure efficient and user-friendly services. This chapter highlights the potential of AI to elevate next-gen libraries into dynamic hubs of knowledge and innovation, poised to thrive in the digital era.
Emerging and Innovative AI Technologies for Resource Management
Authors: Nachiappan Balusamy
Published: May 2024

Emerging AI technologies are revolutionizing library services by the usage of presenting contemporary procedures to resource management, operational innovation, and enhancing client research. AI in libraries involves schooling the structures to perform tasks that usually require human intelligence, together with natural language processing (NLP) for advanced talents. NLP lets users look at library catalogs and databases using language processing, making record retrieval extra touchy and efficient. System mastering is every other crucial technology being applied in libraries to increase recommendation structures for customers. The structures examine client options and behavior to indicate relevant books, articles, and other resources, providing personalized tips.
Educational Program for AI Literacy
Authors: Varadarajan Mageshkumar Naarayanasamy
Published: May 2024

As artificial intelligence (AI) permeates numerous factors of society, it's crucial for people to develop a foundational understanding of AI standards, abilities, and implications. Academic applications for AI literacy play a crucial characteristic in equipping beginners with the understanding, abilities, and critical wondering abilities vital to engage meaningfully with AI technologies. This comprehensive evaluation examines various forms of instructional tasks aimed in the direction of promoting AI literacy throughout high-quality age businesses and settings. This chapter gives an in-depth evaluation of the targets, methodologies, demanding situations, and excellent practices associated with each form of educational software. Furthermore, it explores the importance of integrating moral issues, social obligation, and inclusivity into AI training projects to make certain that beginners are prepared to navigate the ethical and societal implications of AI.
Artificial Intelligence Journey in Enhancing Library Accessibility
Authors: Karthick N. , Nithya P. , Rajkumar R.
Published: May 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) has become integral to modern library services, offering solutions for tasks ranging from information retrieval to accessibility improvements. This chapter explores the evolution and applications of AI in libraries, highlighting its role in enhancing user experiences and optimizing resource management. Case studies from libraries worldwide demonstrate successful implementations of AI for document reconstruction, metadata enrichment, and user support. Furthermore, the chapter discusses the ethical considerations associated with intellectual freedom and censorship in the digital age, emphasizing the importance of preserving open access to information while addressing challenges posed by content filtering and algorithmic recommendation systems. Overall, the chapter provides insights into the transformative potential of AI in libraries and underscores the need for ethical AI practices to ensure inclusivity and intellectual freedom for all patrons.
Implementing AI-Based Recommendation Systems for Personalized Financial Services in Libraries
Authors: Kowsick N. P. , Ramasamy K.
Published: May 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has revolutionized various sectors, including finance and libraries. Libraries are increasingly adopting AI-based recommendation systems to provide personalized financial services to patrons. This chapter explores the implementation of AI-driven recommendation systems within library settings to offer tailored financial guidance. Leveraging advanced machine learning algorithms, these systems analyze users' financial preferences and behaviors to offer customized recommendations for financial resources and educational materials. The adoption of AI-based recommendation systems aims to enhance access to relevant financial information and empower individuals to make informed financial decisions. By leveraging AI technology, libraries can cater to the diverse needs of their patrons, fostering financial literacy and inclusion.
A Study on Advanced Applications of Mathematics and AI in Library Science
Authors: Durga Devi S. , Mohanapriya R. , Sarumathy N.
Published: May 2024

In the rapidly evolving field of information management, libraries are actively embracing the transformative potential of mathematics and artificial intelligence (AI). This chapter explores how established mathematical frameworks, such as the vector space model, together with cutting-edge natural language processing (NLP) techniques, are fundamentally altering how libraries organize information, facilitate retrieval, and ultimately, enhance user experience. The research suggests a symbiotic relationship between these seemingly distinct disciplines. By combining the strengths of mathematical models and probabilistic AI algorithms, this study aims to illuminate paths toward a more efficient and user-centric library ecosystem. This convergence has the potential to reshape resource management, information retrieval, and ultimately, transform the information landscape for library patrons, empowering them to navigate the vast ocean of knowledge with greater ease and effectiveness.
Capability Assessment of Cultivating Innovative Talents for Higher Schools Based on Machine Learning
Authors: Huang Rongjie , Sun Yusheng , Zhang Zhifeng , Wang Bo , Ma Junxia , Chu Yangyang
Published: May 2024

The innovation capability largely determines the initiative for future development of a region. Higher school is the main position for training innovative talents. Accurate and comprehensive assessment of innovation cultivation capability is an important basis of higher schools for continuous improvement. Thus, this paper focuses on assessing innovative talent cultivation capability. First, by CIPP model (Context, Input, Process and Product Evaluation), an assessment indicator system is built, consisting of 89 indicators in 21 categories. Then, based on indicator characteristics, this paper uses public data statistics, database retrieving, student survey, teacher survey, support personnel and expert investigation, to collect indicator values. After this, by a powerful machine learning algorithm, gradient Boosting regression tree, a capability assessment model is established. And based on collected data, established model is compared with several regression models in innovative talent cultivation capability assessing. Results confirm the performance superiority of our solution.
Analysis of the Interferon Lambda 3 and 4 Gene Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Vaccine Response Against COVID-19
Authors: Hafy Zen , Maritska Ziske , Susilawati  , Amalia Ella , Larasati Veny , Fertilita Soilia
Published: May 2024

Introduction:

Assessing how various COVID-19 vaccines work against SARS-CoV-2 in different individuals is pivotal to planning better management and coping with the pandemic. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are one of the contributing factors to the immune response. This study investigated interferon lambda 3 and 4 (IFNL3/4) gene polymorphism and their association with an individual's immune response after receiving COVID-19 vaccines.

Materials and Methods:

An exploratory laboratory study to identify SNPs rs1297860 and rs368234815 in IFNL3/4 genes in Indonesian who have received two shots of CoronaVac and further evaluate its association with the COVID-19 vaccine response. The immune response was reflected from the serum titres of SARS-CoV-2 IgG (anti-spike IgG level), quantified using the SARS-CoV-2 IgG II Quant assay, where the IFNL3/IFNL4 SNPs identified using polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism.

Results:

From March to August 2021, this study recruited 46 eligible and healthy persons. None of the subjects in this study have the assumed associated genotypes (TT in IFNL3 or DG/DG in IFNL4). There was also no significant difference in the Mean Fold Rise of anti-spike IgG level between individuals with IFNL3 rs12979860 C/T polymorphism (CT genotype) and those with the homozygous common (wild-type) genotype (TT genotype) (U = 358; P > 0.05).

Conclusion:

The frequency of IFNL3/4 polymorphisms in this study population was low. Furthermore, the IFNL3/4 polymorphisms do not affect immune response (anti-spike IgG level) in individuals receiving two shots of the COVID-19 vaccine in this study.
Decision-Making in Septal Deviations
Authors: Kumar Rathod Sunil , Dharmagadda Harish Swamy , Burugula Kathyayani
Published: May 2024

Introduction:

Classification of septal deviations is varied, but their application in selecting the type of septal surgery is not decisive. Classifying the septal deviations and using it to decide the choice of surgery was reviewed. The aim of the study is to review the use of classification of septal deviations into anterior and posterior to select septoplasty and submucosal resection (SMR), respectively.

Materials and Methods:

Thirty-four patients with anterior deviated nasal septum were grouped as Group A. Another 34 patients with posterior septal deviation were grouped as Group B. In Group A, patients were aged between 18 years and 47 years with a mean age of 34.28 ± 2.30 years. In Group B, they were aged between 19 and 48 years, with a mean age of 35.25 ± 3.05 years. The male-to-female ratio of the total 68 patients was 1.4:1. Nasal obstruction symptom evaluation (NOSE) score Grade 4 and 5 was noted in 31 (45.48%) patients in Group A and 33 (48.52%) patients in Group B. Right side deviation was noted in 15 (22.05%) of the Group A patients and 20 (29.41%) of the Group B patients.

Results:

All patients with anterior deviation were subjected to septoplasty, and patients with posterior deviation were subjected to classical SMR surgery. The results were assessed and analysed using the response of recovery in the nasal obstruction NOSE score and the two groups were correlated using Pearson's Correlation coefficient calculator. The R score was 0.9942, and the P value was 0.0001 (P taken as significant at < 0.05).

Conclusion:

It was observed by the results that deciding the type of surgery as per the direct nasal endoscopy findings whether it was anterior or posterior deviation was easy, practical, and definite final outcome results could be expected at the end.
An Insight into Aesthetic Insecurity Related to Malocclusion amongst Tribal Adolescents and Extent of Orthodontic Awareness
Authors: Digumarthi Uday Kumar , Prakash Ram , Egalapati Hemanth S S , Sanapala Manojna
Published: May 2024

Introduction:

Adolescence is a period of affirmation of certain beliefs, including those related to the perception of one’s aesthetics as related to what is perceived to be the standard norm within a community. Certain aspects of clinically ascertained malocclusion by a practitioner may, in fact, be aspects not considered an issue by the adolescent. Of interest was the evaluation of aesthetic insecurity amongst a group of school-going tribal adolescents with no access to orthodontic treatment and hence no prior history of orthodontic treatments within the community.

Materials and Methods:

2016 tribal adolescents belonging to the Revenue divisions of Paderu (Visakhapatnam), in the age group of 13–19 years, with normal growth and development, who had no nutritional deficiencies, metabolic disorders or craniofacial anomalies, were enrolled in this study. Necessary permissions and consent were obtained from the parents or guardians, the school and tribal authorities and the institutional ethical clearance committee. The orthodontic screening was performed under natural daylight in compliance with infection prevention protocol. The students were categorised into those with either ideal occlusion or Angle’s Class I, II and III malocclusions. A ‘simplified malocclusion index for layperson evaluation’ (SMILE) index was verbally assigned in Telugu, the vernacular language, during the orthodontic screening interaction. Aesthetic insecurity noted amongst the responses was subjected to a Chi-square statistical analysis to determine gender bias.

Results:

Thirty-two per cent of the tribal adolescents screened at Paderu (Visakhapatnam) presented with ideal occlusion and sixty-eight per cent with malocclusion. The verbally assigned SMILE index revealed that 78.24% of the boys and 81.85% of the girls exhibited orthodontic awareness. The percentage distribution of aesthetic insecurity had the boys at 19.04% and the girls at 31.86%. The Chi-square statistical analysis of this data revealed a gender bias (X
2 [1, N = 1371] =4.44, P = 0.034).

Conclusion:

Aesthetic insecurity negatively impacts the perceived oral health-related quality of life. The use of the SMILE index proposed by the authors in this study allows for a candid assessment of any such insecurity and an assessment of orthodontic awareness and perceived treatment needs without the individual feeling coerced. The study results reveal a good level of orthodontic awareness with a statically significant gender bias of aesthetic insecurity.
Comparison of the Effects of Midazolam, Dexamethasone, Ondansetron and Propofol on the Prevention and Control of Opioid-Induced Pruritus after Spinal Anaesthesia with Bupivacaine Combined with Fentanyl in Femoral Fracture Surgery
Authors: Modir Hesameddin , Moshiri Esmail , Azami Mehran , Modir Amirreza
Published: May 2024

Introduction:

The present study set out to compare the effects of midazolam, dexamethasone, ondansetron and propofol on the prevention and control of opioid-induced pruritus after spinal anaesthesia with bupivacaine and fentanyl as adjuvants in femoral fracture surgery.

Materials and Methods:

This double-blind clinical trial study was conducted on 136 patients who were scheduled for orthopaedic surgery in Valiasr Hospital of Arak. The patients were randomly divided into four groups (ondansetron, midazolam, dexamethasone and propofol) with a block randomisation pattern. Blood pressure, heart rate, oxygen saturation, the incidence of pruritus, nausea, vomiting and sedation level were monitored and recorded intraoperatively and postoperatively in recovery and every 2 h until 12 h postoperatively. Data were then analysed with SPSS 20.

Results:

From 10 min to 60 min, blood pressure was lower in the midazolam group, while it was lower in the propofol group from 60 min to 105 min. In general, blood pressure in the midazolam group was lower than that in the other groups (P = 0.001). Furthermore, pruritus was observed less in the midazolam group than in the other groups (P < 0.05). Sedation level was higher in the midazolam group than in the other groups (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Midazolam reduced pruritus and increased sedation in patients. On the other hand, a decrease in blood pressure was observed in the midazolam group, which did not require any special treatment. According to the results of the present study, after midazolam, propofol and dexamethasone, and finally ondansetron, respectively, were effective in controlling pruritus after spinal anaesthesia, but the efficacy and effectiveness of midazolam were higher than that in the other groups. As such, this drug is recommended to be used in such procedures. Of course, it should be mentioned that the final decision depends on the patients' physical conditions and the anaesthesiologist's discretion.
Efficacy of Lopinavir/Ritonavir Plus Interferon Beta Compared to Hydroxychloroquine in the Treatment of COVID-19
Authors: Amirizadeh Motahareh , Sarvestani Fatemeh Shafie , Khorrami Farid , Safa Omid , Davoodian Parivash , Hassaniazad Mehdi , Akhlaghi Boshra , Fathalipour Mohammad
Published: May 2024

Introduction:

Although a long time past since COVID-19 was broken out, it is hard to determine which pharmacological combination regimen is more efficacious. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) plus interferon (IFN) beta-1a regimen compared to the hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) regimen in moderately ill patients with COVID-19.

Methods:

A multiple-centre retrospective observational case-controlled study was performed between March and September 2020, including adults with confirmed COVID-19. The patients were categorised into age- and sex-matched two groups; LPV/r plus IFN beta-1a (n = 102) and HCQ (n = 298) regimens. Clinical outcomes and mortality rates were compared between the groups.

Results:

LPV/r plus interferon (INF) beta-1a regimen had improved none of the clinical outcomes and mortality rate compared to the HCQ regimen. The length of stay (LOS) in the hospital and the need for oxygen therapy were slightly worse in the LPV/r plus INF beta-1a regimen (4.73 ± 2.93 days, 63%) than in the HCQ group (3.74 ± 3.30 days, 48.3%). No statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups in care of intensive care unit (ICU) admission, LOS in ICU, the need for non-invasive ventilation and the need for invasive mechanical ventilation as well as in-hospital mortality rate.

Conclusions:

LPV/r plus IFN beta-1a regimen did not show any meaningful improvement in clinical outcomes or mortality compared to the HCQ regimen. Larger randomised controlled trials are needed to assess the efficacy of this combination further.
Nonvirilized external genitalia in a Nigerian female neonate with salt-wasting congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Authors: Oyenusi Elizabeth E , Babatunde Funmilayo O , Akowundu Pauline K , Nwigbo Uzoamaka F , Oduwole Abiola O
Published: May 2024

A 3-week-old female neonate presented with complaints of weakness and inability to feed. She had been delivered at a general hospital with a birth weight of 3.3 kg. She had jaundice, which was treated with phototherapy and resolved after 3 days. Pregnancy and delivery were uneventful. Parents identified her as female. Examination revealed hanging skin folds, dehydration, tachycardia, hyperpigmentation and swelling of the labial folds, no clitoromegaly, and no palpable gonads. She had lost 30% of her birth weight and was hypoglycemic. Serum investigations showed hyponatremia, metabolic acidosis, hyperkalemia, and hypocortisolemia with elevated testosterone and 17-hydroxyprogesterone. Pelvic ultra sound scan showed normal-sized uterus and no testes suggesting a diagnosis of salt-wasting congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). She is being managed with hydrocortisone, fludrocortisone, and added salt to feeds. Labial swelling and hyperpigmentation have resolved and external genitalia is typically female in appearance. She is gaining weight and thriving. Salt-wasting CAH can present with adrenal crisis without obvious virilization of the external genitalia in the female neonate and can be diagnosed by scrutiny of electrolytes in the sick neonate.