bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microfacies analysis of marine shale: A case study of the shales of the Wufeng–Longmaxi formation in the western Chongqing, Sichuan Basin, China
Authors: Chen Yana , Liu Jia , Wang Nan , Zhu Yiqing , Lin Wei , Cai Quansheng , Chen Yuchuan , Li Mingtao
Published: February 2024

It is a great challenge for sedimentologists to perform the facies analysis of shales due to the lack of macro-structures and high heterogeneity in shale, and thus, conventional research methods are poorly applied in the field of shale sedimentology. To establish a typical depositional model for marine shales, a new method adopted from marine carbonate rocks was employed to perform the microfacies analysis of marine shales of the Wufeng and Longmaxi Formation in Sichuan Basin. This method emphasizes the fact that many skeletal constituents in marine shales have specific bathymetric distributions, allowing for a better understanding of the depositional process of shales. With this approach, a total of nine microfacies were identified and two depositional models for marine shales were proposed. The depositional models show that sea levels were high during the Middle to Late Wufeng period, which was followed by a rapid regression that led to a significant sea-level drop by over 50 m at the topmost of the Wufeng Formation, and consequently, widespread fine-grained sandy shales with large amounts of benthic bioclasts were deposited in the study region. The eustatic sea-level changes recovered by using the method of microfacies analysis are in line with the global trend, indicating that the method has promising applications in the field of marine shale sedimentology.
Sustainable approach for catalytic epoxidation of oleic acid followed byin situring-opening hydrolysis with applied ion exchange resin
Authors: Rahman Siti Juwairiyah A. , Rahman Mariam A. , Hambali Norhafini , Azmi Intan Suhada , Jalil Mohd Jumain
Published: February 2024

Vegetable oils are rich in unsaturated bonds that can be converted to epoxidized oleic acid. They are considered sustainable, renewable, and also environmentally friendly. To date, there is a paucity of studies on production of dihydroxystearic acid (DHSA) using an eco-friendly ion exchange resin as it is not fully utilised. As a result, the aim of this study is to elucidate the mechanism of ring-opening by hydrolysis for the production of DHSA using amberlite IR-120H as a catalyst. The process of epoxidizing oleic acid involved thein situgeneration of performic acid, which was then used to convert oleic acid into epoxidized oleic acid. This performic acid was created by combining formic acid, serving as the oxygen carrier, with hydrogen peroxide, acting as the oxygen donor. Under optimal conditions, the maximum relative conversion of oleic acid to oxirane was attained, with up to 85 %. Overall, DHSA with a high hydroxyl value (182 mg KOH/g), was successfully produced from oleic acid usingin situhydrolysis of epoxidized oleic acid.
Implementation of GAGAN augmentation on smart mobile devices and development of a cooperative positioning architecture
Authors: Rajavarathan Jenan , Retscher Guenther , Karunanithy Gajanan
Published: February 2024

This study presents an Android-based cooperative positioning (CP) architecture to improve the GNSS positioning performance on mobile devices. SBAS (Satellite Based Augmentation System) augmentation increases positioning accuracies significantly by sharing corrections between SBAS-enabled and non-capable devices via wireless connection or using a central server. The Indian GAGAN (GPS Aided GEO Augmented Navigation) is employed and assessed in the experiments. If GAGAN corrections are applied, all three chosen mobile devices showed a positioning accuracy improvement of around 95 %. The average 2D RSME was reduced from 75.23 to 1.35 m for the single-frequency GNSS smartphone Xiaomi Redmi Note 8 and from 33.25 to 1.62 m for the dual-frequency Google Pixel 4. As expected, the third GIS mapping device, Stonex S70 tablet, showed the highest performance, achieving sub-meter positioning accuracies. Thus, the experiment has proven the suitability of GAGAN augmentation for mobile devices, providing positive insight for further development of the CP architecture.
On a generalization of the Deligne–Lusztig curve of Suzuki type and application to AG codes
Authors: Timpanella Marco
Published: February 2024

In this article, Algebraic-Geometric (AG) codes and quantum codes associated with a family of curves that includes the famous Suzuki curve are investigated. The Weierstrass semigroup at some rational point is computed. Notably, each curve in the family turns out to be a Castle curve over some finite field and a weak Castle curve over its extensions. This is a relevant feature when codes constructed from the curve are considered.
Special contribution of atomic force microscopy in cell death research
Authors: Li Ning , Zhang Li , Qiao Ou , Wang Xinyue , Xu Linyan , Gong Yanhua
Published: February 2024

Cell death is an important life activity in individual development. Changes in morphological and mechanical properties during cell death are crucial to identify the modes of cell death. However, due to technical limitations, little is known about these characteristics. The emergence of atomic force microscopy (AFM), a nanoscale research tool that integrates imaging and mechanical measurement functions, provides new insights into our understanding of cell death. Based on a brief introduction to the structure, principle, and working modes of AFM, this article elaborates on the contribution of AFM in cell death to detect morphological and mechanical properties, especially in apoptotic cells. Meanwhile, the potential of AFM in distinguishing different cell death modes and visualizing membrane pores (medicated by apoptosis and pyroptosis) is illustrated. In addition, this article states that using single-molecule force spectroscopy by AFM to study the mechanical and adhesive properties of cell death-related molecules. Finally, we discuss the challenges facing and further perspective of AFM.
Nicotinamide as a biostimulant improves soybean growth and yield
Authors: de Lima Sebastião Ferreira , Vendruscolo Eduardo Pradi , Alves Vitória Carolina Dantas , Arguelho Jeysielli Cristaldo , Pião Joice de Abreu , Seron Cássio de Castro , Martins Murilo Battistuzzi , Witt Travis Wilson , Serafim Gabriela Moura , Contardi Lucymara Merquides
Published: February 2024

Modern agriculture seeks, through technology, to increase agricultural productivity, aiming at greater sustainability during food production. The application of vitamins meets this objective, acting as a biostimulant for different cultivation conditions. In this sense, the aim of this research is to evaluate the effect of the foliar application of nicotinamide on the soybean crop in two growing environments. The treatments were composed of the nicotinamide concentrations of 0, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, and 600 mg L−1 of water applied when the plants were at the R3 stage (beginning of pod formation), exogenously, by foliar spraying. The application of nicotinamide resulted in increases in the vegetative traits of plant height and the number of branches per plant by 9.7 and 7.8%, respectively. Regarding the productive characteristics, considering the average of the two cultivation sites, the application of the vitamin resulted in increments of about 15.62, 18.57, 20.53, 4.32, and 19.19% on the number of pods, number of grains, mass of grains per plant, mass of 1,000 grains, and yield, respectively. In this way, we conclude that nicotinamide, applied at concentrations ranging from 237.8 to 373.8 mg L−1, promotes benefits to soybean growth and yield in different environments, and can be considered as a biostimulant.
Empowering women in science through role models, mentors, and support groups: a personal perspective
Authors: Van der Jeugd Ann , Parac-Vogt Tatjana N.
Published: February 2024

In this personal perspective, we reflect on our personal journey, highlighting the significance that role models and mentoring played in them, and explore how they benefit early-career researchers, promote academic success, and contribute to the overall growth of the academic community. We – the co-authors of this article (Prof. Tatjana Parac-Vogt and Dr. Ann van der Jeugd) – share some special connections: we were both presidents of Belgium Women in Science (BeWiSe), a non-profit association that promotes the role and position of women in science in Belgium (Tatjana from 2012 to 2016; Ann from 2020 to 2024), and we have a thriving mentor/mentee relationship, which started in 2015 through the BeWiSe mentoring programme.
Dynamic specification of vowels in Hijazi Arabic
Authors: Almurashi Wael , Al-Tamimi Jalal , Khattab Ghada
Published: February 2024

Research on various languages shows that dynamic approaches to vowel acoustics – in particular Vowel-Inherent Spectral Change (VISC) – can play a vital role in characterising and classifying monophthongal vowels compared with a static model. This study’s aim was to investigate whether dynamic cues also allow for better description and classification of the Hijazi Arabic (HA) vowel system, a phonological system based on both temporal and spectral distinctions. Along with static and dynamic F1 and F2 patterns, we evaluated the extent to which vowel duration, F0, and F3 contribute to increased/decreased discriminability among vowels. Data were collected from 20 native HA speakers (10 females and 10 males) producing eight HA monophthongal vowels in a word list with varied consonantal contexts. Results showed that dynamic cues provide further insights regarding HA vowels that are not normally gleaned from static measures alone. Using discriminant analysis, the dynamic cues (particularly the seven-point model) had relatively higher classification rates, and vowel duration was found to play a significant role as an additional cue. Our results are in line with dynamic approaches and highlight the importance of looking beyond static cues and beyond the first two formants for further insights into the description and classification of vowel systems.
Facile formation of STO/gC3N4 hybrid composite to effectively degrade the dye and antibiotic under white light
Authors: Aravinthkumar Kombiah , Karazhanov Smagul , Raja Mohan Chinnan
Published: February 2024

A novel organic-inorganic photocatalyst like layer structured graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4 or CN) hybrid with strontium titanate (SrTiO3 or STO) was prepared by a precipitation-sonication technique for photocatalytic activity. The crystal phases, morphologies, elemental composition, optical properties, and porous structure of the prepared pristine and STO/CN hybrid composite were measured using various physicochemical characterizations. It is indicated that STO nanospheres were effectively loaded on the g-C3N4 nanosheets, resulting in the STO/CN hybrid composite, high surface area, enhanced visible-light absorption, enhancing photoinduced charge separation and suppressing the recombination rate. Furthermore, the 3 wt% of g-C3N4 composited STO (STO/CN-3) catalyst demonstrated higher photocatalytic activity than pristine STO in 100 min under white light irradiation, reaching the degradation efficiency of 92.66 % and 93.31 % toward methylene blue (MB) and tetracycline (TC), respectively. The improved photocatalytic activity of STO/gCN hybrid composite could be ascribed to the synergistic effect between STO and CN with strong interfacial interaction facilitating efficient charge separation and inhibiting the charge recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. Moreover, a possible photocatalytic mechanism has been proposed for the degradation of MB and TC. Besides, the excellent photocatalytic performance, STO/CN-3 nanocomposite also exhibits outstanding photostability under the current factors, suggesting that they are suitable for practical applications.
STING-dependent signaling in microglia or peripheral immune cells orchestrates the early inflammatory response and influences brain injury outcome
Authors: Fritsch Lauren E. , Kelly Colin , Leonard John , Jager Caroline de , Wei Xiaoran , Brindley Samantha , Harris Elizabeth A. , Kaloss Alexandra M. , DeFoor Nicole , Paul Swagatika , O’Malley Hannah , Ju Jing , Olsen Michelle L. , Theus Michelle H. , Pickrell Alicia M.
Published: February 2024

While originally identified as an antiviral pathway, recent work has implicated cyclic GMP-AMP-synthase-Stimulator of Interferon Genes (cGAS-STING) signaling as playing a critical role in the neuroinflammatory response to traumatic brain injury (TBI). STING activation results in a robust inflammatory response characterized by the production of inflammatory cytokines called interferons, as well as hundreds of interferon stimulated genes (ISGs). Global knockout (KO) mice inhibiting this pathway display neuroprotection with evidence that this pathway is active days after injury; yet, the early neuroinflammatory events stimulated by STING signaling remain understudied. Furthermore, the source of STING signaling during brain injury is unknown. Using a murine controlled cortical impact (CCI) model of TBI, we investigated the peripheral immune and microglial response to injury utilizing male chimeric and conditional STING KO animals, respectively. We demonstrate that peripheral and microglial STING signaling contribute to negative outcomes in cortical lesion volume, cell death, and functional outcomes post injury. A reduction in overall peripheral immune cell and neutrophil infiltration at the injury site is STING dependent in these models at 24 hours. Transcriptomic analysis at 2 hours, when STING is active, reveals that microglia drive an early, distinct transcriptional program to elicit proinflammatory genes including interleukin 1-beta (IL-1β), which is lost in conditional knockout mice. The upregulation of alternative innate immune pathways also occurs after injury in these animals, which supports a complex relationship between brain-resident and peripheral immune cells to coordinate the proinflammatory response and immune cell influx to damaged tissue after injury.

Significance StatementThe innate immune STING pathway triggers harmful neuroinflammation after traumatic brain injury with support from human and preclinical models indicating that this pathway is active hours to days after injury. Our findings in a preclinical cortical contusion model suggest that STING signaling specifically from peripheral immune cells or microglia drive this process to affect injury outcome. Activation of STING in microglia as early as 2 hours post-injury drives a distinct transcriptional program that influences neutrophil and peripheral immune cell influx, which dictates injury outcomes. These findings shed light on the acute temporal changes in a cell-type specific manner where innate immunity drives subsequent events that affect secondary injury processes after insult.
Moral stance and reactions of taxpayers to the tax obligation
Authors:   Rzeszow University of Technology, Pasternak-Malicka Monika , Dębowski Tomasz ,   University of Bialystok
Published: February 2024

Purpose – The aim of the article is an attempt to assess the tax morale of households and their consent to tax evasion. Research method – The implementation of the aim required the use of a direct method – questionnaire. The results of empirical studies from years 2009–2023 carried out in the Podkarpackie Voivodship are presented. Results – The publication describes the essence of tax morality, as well as taxpayers’ reactions to fiscal burdens. Fragments of own survey research from years 2009–2023 on the analysed issue are also presented. Originality / value / implications / recommendations – The obtained results of own research and data taken from reports of other research centres seem to indicate a significant social consent to tax fraud. In the future, it is necessary to continue research in the marked area.
The sustainable development of enterprises in Poland during the war in Ukraine geopolitical and socio-economic crises – PESTEL and SWOT analysis
Authors:   University of Lodz, Misztal Anna
Published: February 2024

Purpose – The paper’s main aim is to discuss opportunities and threats to the sustainable development of enterprises in Poland in the era of geopolitical and socio-economic crises connected with the war in Ukraine. Research method – The main research hypothesis is as follows: “Sustainable development is a chance for enterprises that want to meet market challenges and build their competitive position during geopolitical crises”. Implementing the research goal required a retrospective and critical review of selected Polish and English-language literature and the PESTEL analysis. The publication’s review was based on the Scopus, Web of Science and BazEkon databases. Results – The results of the analysis indicate that sustainable development eliminates negative phenomena in crises, prevents the degradation of the natural environment, supports social inclusion and integrates the organisation and management of economic entities. Originality / value / implications / recommendations – The added value of the paper is the use of the PESTEL and SWOT tools to assess the prospects for sustainable development of enterprises. The research results are original, up-to-date and important for the theory and business practice. Therefore, business managers should implement tasks for sustainable development, and state authorities should create conditions to support green initiatives.
Wykorzystanie preferencji w podatku od nieruchomości jako reakcja na pandemię COVID-19 na przykładzie gmin miejskich województwa śląskiego
Authors:   Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach, Szymczak Magdalena
Published: February 2024

Purpose – Identification and evaluation of preferences in real estate tax, introduced in response to the crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, using the example of urban municipalities in the Silesian Voivodship. Research method – Studies of the literature on the subject, analysis from the economic aspect of legal acts (especially local laws – as a rule, resolutions of municipal councils), elements of comparative analysis and simple statistical methods. Results – Municipal communes in the Silesian voivodship applied the statutorily indicated preferences in real estate tax to a limited extent – 57,14% of the examined municipalities in 2020 and 38,78% in 2021. However, if municipal communes decided to introduce exemptions or extensions of tax instalments, the provisions appeared in a relatively short period of time. Municipal communes were more likely to decide to introduce exemptions, that is, to forego their own revenues (rather than postpone the moment of receipt), which in many cases was a solution expected by entrepreneurs. Originality / value / implications / recommendations – Analysis of the implementation of the social pillar of sustainable development is relatively rarely undertaken in scientific publications. In this article, it is proven that property tax can be used in crisis situations to help local businesses through preferences.
Bank Resolution and Fundamental Rights – A view from Strasbourg
Authors: Eicke Tim
Published: February 2024

This article summarises and puts into context the limited but important case law of the European Court of Human Rights concerning bank resolution procedures, in particular under Article 6 (the right to a fair trial before an independent and impartial tribunal established by law) and Article 1 of the First Protocol (the right of property), as well as the important issue of who has standing under Article 34 to bring proceedings in the name or on behalf of an affected affected bank, its (former) management, share holders, bond holders, creditors or others affected.
Fundamental Aspects of Fluid Flow through Porous Materials
Authors:   Agricultural Research Council, Unit of Soil Physics, Cambridge, Youngs E. G.
Published: February 2024

An approach to the study of fluid flow through porous materials based on Darcy’s law and the continuity equation is introduced as a possible means of studying fluid uptake by paper. The approach leads to a flow equation that may be put in the form of a diffusion equation with a diffusivity dependent on the fluid content. Hence, with the boundary conditions imposed during one-dimensional fluid uptake by a porous material initially at a uniform fluid content, the uptake is proportional to the square root of time, which is the same result as given by the Green & Ampt equation and the Lucas-Washburn equation, both of which use the analogy of fluid flow through capillary tubes.
Printability of Fibres and Vessel Elements from Oak Kraft Pulp
Authors:   Empire State Paper Research Institute, Syracuse, U.S.A., Marton R.
Published: February 2024

The evaluation of printability is usually done on large printed areas; imperfections on a microscopic scale have been mostly ignored, in spite of their obvious importance. The unevenness of the paper surface often originates from non-uniformity in the morphology of the fibrous material. Thick fibres or particles standing out from the paper surface will produce dark spots, while the very thin, small ones will cause ‘valleys’ having lighter tones. With the increased use of hardwoods, which may contain 10-50 per cent by volume or 10 per cent by weight vessel elements of 50-500 μm in diameter, whereas the fibres may be only 15 μm, these problems are even more serious.
Printing Ink Penetration into the Structure of Paper
Authors:   Empire State Paper Research Institute, Syracuse, U.S.A., Marton Renata , Koeppicus R. ,   Empire State Paper Research Institute, Syracuse, U.S.A.
Published: February 2024

The quality of a printed product can in many cases be controlled if the extent of liquid penetration into the sheet structure and the various parameters affecting it are well known. There is, however, a lack of a sufficiently sensitive method for the determination of minute amounts of ink in the sheet and this makes studies on the interaction of paper with ink difficult. The approach to fill this gap, described now, consists of the determination of the ink concentration profile across the thickness of a paper after application of radioactively labelled ink on one side and stripping ultra-thin sections from the opposite side of the paper.
Instrumental Quantification of Subjective Formation
Authors:   Wiggins Teape Research & Development Ltd., Beaconsfield, Bucks., Hall R. J.
Published: February 2024

The means of defining formation in terms of its subjective appearance was explored by processing the transmitted light signal from various paper samples on an analogue computer using equations related to physiological attributes. Some psychological aspects of the interpretation of images are discussed and the relevant aspects of both of these is described. It is demonstrated how this approach was implemented in an instrumental technique to quantify hitherto subjective assessments of quality. The statistical significance of the aspects of microformation and macroformation is explained and practical analysis is achieved by dissecting an area into strips. The value of each strip is derived from the content of the microformation, these values are then analysed for mean and standard deviation to assign numbers for both the microformation and macroformation. The instrument outputs a weighted value of the sum of the two figures on a continuous sampling basis. The instrument has been used in the laboratory for sample testing,in particular cigarette tissue, also on a papermachine making tracing paper, where a continuous record is produced.
Endoscopic removal of ingested foreign body in children: experience of a tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh
Authors: Mazumder Md Wahiduzzaman , Tasmeen Ruhina , Begum Fahmida , Nahid Khan Lamia , Alam Rubayat , Musabbir Nadira , Rashid Rafia , Zakaria Md , Rukunuzzaman Md
Published: February 2024

Purpose: Foreign body ingestion is a common incident in children & majority of ingested foreign body removed spontaneously, few percentages (10%) remain in GI tract. The timing of endoscopy depends on some clinical & radiological parameters. The aim of this study to is to observe clinical profile of foreign body ingestion in children in Bangladesh. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted from February 2016 to December 2019 in the department of Paediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka. A total of 29 cases of upper GI tract foreign bodies were studied. Patients with history of ingested foreign body, were clinically examined. Asymptomatic foreign body ingestion was frequently observed. Routine neck and chest X-ray in both AP and lateral views were obtained for these cases. Flexible endoscopy for foreign body extraction with suitable foreign body retriever was used to remove the foreign bodies. Data were expressed as percentage & number. Results: Foreign body was commonly seen 22 (75.9%) in 1-5 years of age. Sex distribution of foreign body ingestion cases, where 15 (51.7%) were male child. Among the ingested foreign bodies only 3 (10.3%) were removed within 24 hours of ingestion, 10 (34.5%) cases were removed between 24-48 hours and the remaining 16 (55.2%) were removed after 48 hours. Coin was the most common foreign body 19(65.5%). Other foreign bodies were metallic chain 3 (10.3%), button battery 2 (6.9%), others 5 (17.2%). Conclusion: The study showed that foreign body ingestion is more common in 1-5 years age group, coin was the most commonly ingested foreign body.
Experience economy and environmental management: principles of inclusiveness and sustainability
Authors:   State Organization “Institute of Market and Economic & Ecological Researches of the NAS of Ukraine”, Khumarova Nina , Petrushenko Mykola ,   State Organization “Institute of Market and Economic & Ecological Researches of the NAS of Ukraine”, Kostetska Kateryna ,   State Organization “Institute of Market and Economic & Ecological Researches of the NAS of Ukraine”, Cherchyk Larysa ,   Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University, Shevchenko Hanna ,   State Organization “Institute of Market and Economic & Ecological Researches of the NAS of Ukraine”, Gordiichuk Yevgeniya ,   State Organization “Institute of Market and Economic & Ecological Researches of the NAS of Ukraine”, Holikova Olha ,   State Organization “Institute of Market and Economic & Ecological Researches of the NAS of Ukraine”, Nikolaychuk Tetyana ,   State Organization “Institute of Market and Economic & Ecological Researches of the NAS of Ukraine”, Vernihorova Nataliia ,   State Organization “Institute of Market and Economic & Ecological Researches of the NAS of Ukraine”
Published: February 2024

The key issues of an inclusive experience economy development in environmental management through solving socio-economic and economic-ecological contradictions and the establishment of a conceptual connection with welfare economics are highlighted. A scientific approach is introduced for determining the transformational potential of the sphere “experience economy — inclusive development — environmental management”. The theoretical principles of institutional support for the experience economy development have been developed based on the provisions of the new institutional economy. Practical tools for the development of experience services in the field of recreational activities in the conditions of digitalization are proposed. This book is for experts in economic, social development, management, ecology, environmental protection, and administration.
Opportunities for Interdisciplinary Research on School Catering
Authors: Báti Anikó
Published: February 2024

In Hungary, about half of the 3–18 age group has regularly used school food service. This paper focuses on the operation and social embeddedness of school canteens and the at-home eating habits of the families involved. My conclusions are based on the findings of my interdisciplinary research group. Ethnographers from the RCH Institute of Ethnology and dietitians from the National Institute of Pharmacy and Nutrition have been studying school food from 2018 to 2023. We selected a few model settlements: in addition to the capital, Budapest, three smaller towns, and two villages. Through questionnaires, interviews, and fieldwork observations, we investigated cooking, serving, meal courses, meal time, eating habits, preferences, as well as the nutritional knowledge of students, teachers, kitchen staff, and parents. Our goal, among other things, is to collect best practices and facilitate communication between participants. Some examples from our research highlight the special role of the centrally regulated school food in local food culture, and difficulties with social and historical roots can occasionally hamper school lunches in becoming a socially accepted model of a healthy diet. The school canteen works best at sites where cooking takes place within the school premises. There is a strong connection between the kitchen staff and the teachers, and they work together in the interest of the children. The value of food and its appreciation is demonstrated by how it is treated and how it is talked about. Communication about food in the canteen should be based on food preparation at home, where parents and children work together. The operation of canteens has become particularly problematic following the measures introduced during the coronavirus pandemic. A sustainable, enjoyable canteen can only be realized through the regular communication of schools and school kitchens, as well as children and their parents. Our findings are presented to our respondents, along with providing them with a comparison of different examples.
Pediatric tuberculosis in Mexico and the COVID-19 phenomenon: Past and present
Authors: Rivera-Espinosa Liliana , Castellanos-Carrizal Chaak , Montes Sergio
Published: February 2024

In endemic regions, tuberculosis in children constitutes a bigger fraction of total cases as compared to those in low endemic regions, regardless of the implications, this phenomenon has been historically neglected. Pediatric tuberculosis has an insidious onset and quickly develops into disseminated disease and the young are at a special risk for dissemination. Some studies suggest that measures to contain adult tuberculosis are not enough to manage tuberculosis in children, meaning that pediatric tuberculosis needs dedicated attention. Children are harder to diagnose than adults, because collecting samples is difficult, and their bacterial yield is low. In endemic countries, such as Mexico, where contact with Mycobacterium tuberculosis is common, immunological tests are inconsistent, especially in immunocompromised children. With the disruption of Mexican healthcare services by the COVID-19 pandemic, there is an uncertainty of how the situation has evolved, current data about tuberculosis indicates a drop in the national report of cases: 15.4 per 100,000 persons in 2021, compared with pre-COVID 2019 17.7 per 100,000 persons, a small increase in mortality: 1.7 per 100,000 in 2021 compared with 2019 1.6 per 100,000, a drop in treatment success: 80.4% in 2021 compared with 85.4% in 2019, and a decrease in national vaccination rates: an estimate of 86.6% children between 1 and 2 years-old were vaccinated in 2021 compared with 97.3% reported national rate in 2018–2019. There is a need for new research on regions with high tuberculosis incidence, to clarify the current situation of pediatric tuberculosis and improve epidemiological surveillance.
Endeavor for Self-Realization
Authors: Pohaničová Jana , Dulla Matúš , Bartošová Nina
Published: February 2024

This paper focuses on the reactions of three professors and architects (Jan E. Koula, Vladimír Karfík, and Alfred Piffl) to how the totalitarian political regime restricted and interfered with creative and academic freedoms in the period starting with the introduction of architectural education at the Slovak University of Technology and ending with the so-called “normalization” period in the former Czechoslovakia. All three of them were already active in interwar Czechoslovakia and thus had rich experience with working under democratic conditions, and their early work was influenced by the interwar avant-garde movements. After World War II, in part thanks to their pioneering work at the Slovak University of Technology, they got caught up in the system of the authoritarian socialist state. The central question that this study asks is how the trio dealt with the totalitarian regime, which stood in contrast with the democratic period of interwar Czechoslovakia that formed them as architects, and brought further limits to their work. Based mostly on material from their personal estates and period publications, we reveal how each of them found his own way to deal with the totalitarian regime, and we argue that even its limitations did not make Koula, Karfík, and Piffl abandon their beliefs and creative credos completely.
„Zakazana komnata Lei”. Pismo Święte w bulli kanonizacyjnej „Mira circa nos”
Authors: Paszko Paweł
Published: February 2024

An important document for the history and spirituality of the Franciscan Order is the Canonization Bull of St. Francis of Assisi, issued by Pope Gregory IX in 1228. It depicts the figure of Saint Poverello against the background of numerous biblical figures and images. This paper is a commentary on the text of the Bull, in particular on its biblical feature. Linguistic remarks on the translation are followed by an evaluation of available sources of the text and a statistic of biblical references present in the papal document. The central part of the paper is the presentation of biblical characters, both of the New and Old Testaments, which, according to the intention of the author of the bull, are types referring to the figure of St. Francis: Apostle Paul, Abraham, Jacob, Jephthah, Samson and Shamgar, Noah, Gideon, Moses, David, Job and Simon the High Priest. In this way, St. Francis of Assisi appears as one of the special figures in the history of salvation.
Semantics of the Word Kukla (Doll) in the Russian Language (Dynamic Aspect)
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Yudina Natalya , Kotane Lyudmila ,   Vladimir State University
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to integrative research into dynamic processes in modern Russian. It examines the peculiarities of the functioning of the noun "kukla (doll)" in the Russian language of the 20 th and 21 st centuries. Based on the analysis of the linguistic experiment results, the materials from the National Corpus of the Russian Language (NCRL), as well as lexicographic sources, the subject-conceptual content of the word "kukla (doll)", its pragmatic features and some characteristics of attributive distributors are considered. According to the analysis of frequency based on materials from the NCRL 2010–2021, it was found that over the past ten years the recurrence of the word "kukla (doll)" has decreased by 2.3 times. At the same time, lexicographic sources of the late 20 th – early 21 st centuries recorded new lexical meanings of the noun "kukla (doll)": "a soulless / weak-willed person", "a pack of fake banknotes", formed as a result of metaphorical transfer. Generalisation of the data obtained as a result of an associative linguistic experiment made it possible to record the expansion of the semantic meaning of the lexeme "kukla (doll)", which occurred due to both linguistic processes and the influence of extralinguistic factors. The connotative components of the word "kukla (doll)" meanings have been described, their majority is established to be ameliorative and neutral. Pejorative connotation is represented insignificantly. The results achieved prove the high expressive potential of the lexeme "kukla (doll)" in the Russian language within the analysed period.
“Communicative Parasitism” in the Russian Segment of Telegram Channels
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Troshchenkova Ekaterina
Published: February 2024

The article examines manifestations of "communicative parasitism" as a variant of communicative alignment in Russian-language Telegram channels. It examines how the adjustment to other people's communication products begins to serve fundamentally different interests and values. The peculiarities of new media and conditions of technologically mediated communication such as interactivity, recombinativeness, multimodality, etc., as well as the specificity of high conflict nature of social-and-political discourse, which plays a significant role in the processes of using power and struggling for it, are taken into account. "Communicative parasitism" is analyzed within both the description of Telegram channel and the subscribers' posts and comments. It was found out that when "communicative parasitism" is used by a Telegram channel to build its own brand and promote itself at someone else's expense, parasitic manifestations are usually limited to elements of design. However, there are often more complex cases in the ideological confrontation of social groups, where this phenomenon is exploited to consolidate one's own group, represent it in a positive way and distance it from the opposing group, which is being discredited. Thus, "communicative parasitism" becomes an integral part of defense-attack strategies realized by a whole group of users for a long time. In this situation, a large number of customers are involved in a kind of language game with intertwining and interacting borrowings, contributing to the formation of group identity.
Risk and Civicness Discourses as Educational Practices of Constituting the “Entrepreneur of Oneself”
Authors:   Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Ostrowicka Helena
Published: February 2024

This paper is a continuation of my reflection upon “neo-liberal entanglements of education” and an attempt to interpret Michel Foucault’s works with respect to selected aspects of youth policy in Poland. My focus here is on the relations between the issues of government and morality. I will begin with a brief examination of Foucault’s views on government and governmentality, pointing out some trains of thought that will be developed in the further sections. In what follows, I will present an attempt at the risk discourse analysis, focusing my attention on the regimes of truth employed in youth policy. Discussing the political and economic potential of realized risk used by the neo-liberal program, I will refer to some specific ideas of “technologies of the self” – from the Greek principle of care for oneself; then, the idea of getting to know oneself to the modern ethics of investing in oneself. Finally, referring to Foucault’s findings, I will place neo-liberal techniques within the context of two regimes: the discourse of threat (risk) and the discourse of civicness. I will examine how the production of the “threat” and “civicness” as educational practices of constituting of the self takes place within these regimes.
Pozycja Bundestagu i Bundesratu wobec europejskiego procesu integracyjnego w świetle „lizbońskiego” orzeczenia Federalnego Trybunału Konstytucyjnego
Authors:   Uniwersytet Techniczny w Chemnitz, Niedobitek Matthias , Tkaczyński Jan Wiktor ,   Uniwersytet Jagielloński w Krakowie
Published: February 2024

It is difficult not to voice the assessment, that the „Lisbon” judgement of the Federal Constitutional Court carries all features not of the legislative decisions, but the political ones. This statement may be justified with a fact, that Tribunal’s objections are directed ultimately not towards lack of proper regulations relating to the Treaty, but against the Lisbon Treaty itself. But because its ratification should not have been stopped, the surrounding legislation has been used as an excuse to express reservations against the Lisbon Treaty. This means – from the formal point of view – both Treaty and Act Approving the Treaty are flawless. At the same time, it is difficult to forget, that the same Court, indirectly with this judgement contravened one of the fundamental of the constitutional rules, that is ban to formulate these kind of opinion which acceptance would lead to the (in this case) change of the Treaty or at least to express objection(s) according to the international law.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF BORON CARBIDE FORMATION IN COMBUSTION OF BORON-CONTAINING SOLID PROPELLANTS
Authors: Basalaev S. A. , Kuznetsov V. T. , Rashkovskiy Sergey A.
Published: February 2024

Using model aluminum dodecaboride (AlB12)/binder mixtures imitating the matrix of boron-containing solid propellants, the process of formation of boron carbide in combustion of such propellants has been experimentally studied. To characterize the samples under study, thermogravimetric analysis and differential thermal analysis were used, which made it possible to determine the initial stage of decomposition of samples with different contents of AlB12. Experiments on the rapid thermal decomposition of samples were carried out on the original URAN-1 installation, which makes it possible to create heat flows to the sample surface in the range of 70 to 300 W/cm2. It has been shown that the condensed residue formed during the pyrolysis of the binder consists mainly of carbon, which, upon interaction with boron, forms boron carbide. The dependence of the mass of the carbonaceous residue on the boron content in the propellant matrix (mixture of binder and powdered boron-containing fuel) has been determined. The mass rate of matrix pyrolysis has been studied as a function of the incident energy flux density and the content of powdered boron-containing fuel in the matrix. It is shown that during high-speed heating of the matrix, the amount of boron carbide formed strongly depends on the rate of energy supply. The dependence of the relative mass of the resulting boron carbide on the temperature in the pyrolysis zone was determined, which can be conditionally divided into four areas: (1) up to a temperature of 1400°C, boron carbide is practically not formed; (2) in the temperature range from 1400°C to about 1700°C, the amount of boron carbide formed increases sharply with increasing temperature from zero to about 10-15%; (3) in the temperature range from 1700°C to about 2500°C, the amount of boron carbide formed is slightly dependent on temperature; (4) for temperatures above 2500°C, the amount of boron carbide formed in the condensed products of the studied samples sharply increases with temperature, and at T ≈ 2600°C reaches 50% of the mass of the entire sample residue. A theoretical analysis of the investigated process has been carried out.
INFLUENCE OF LORENTZ FORCES ON FORCED CONVECTION OF NANOFLUID IN A POROUS ENCLOSURE
Authors: Man Yi , Gerdroodbary Mostafa Barzegar
Published: February 2024

The evaluation of the nanofluid heat transfer inside the enclosure is done via a theoretical approach. This study illustrates the change of Nusselt number of nanofluid inside the enclosure with porous media in the existence of a homogeny magnetic field. The change of significant factors of the magnetic field, Rayleigh number, and nanofluid characteristics (m) on thermal characteristics has been fully investigated. Obtained data indicate that increasing the Rayleigh number has changed the impacts of the magnetic field on the heat transfer and nanofluid streamline. Moreover, the heat transfer is improved by the increasing of Ra and m factors at constant Ha = 7.5. Heat transfer enhancement is achieved at a specific m factor by increasing Ra and decreasing the Hartmann number.
STUDY OF GLOBAL STABILITY OF ROTATING PARTIALLY IONIZED PLASMA SATURATING A POROUS MEDIUM
Authors: Chandel Vishal , Sunil  , Sharma Poonam
Published: February 2024

The importance of thermal convection in rotating partially ionized plasma has been observed in various laboratory and
astrophysical plasmas. The focus of this work is on the investigation of the effect of rotation on the thermal convection of partially ionized plasma within a porous medium by using nonlinear and linear analyzes. For porous medium, the Darcy-Brinkman model has been used. The eigenvalue problems for linear and nonlinear analyzes have been developed using the normal mode method and energy method, respectively. For numerical analysis, the Galerkin-weighted residual method has been employed to determine the Rayleigh-Darcy number. The effects of rotation, medium permeability, compressibility, and collisional frequency have been observed on the stability of the system. It has been found that the subcritical region does not exist, and hence global stability prevails. The rotation is found to induce oscillatory modes of convection. Rotation, medium permeability, and compressibility are found to delay the onset of convection. The collisional frequency doesn't influence the stability of the system for stationary convection; however, it does influence energy decay and oscillatory convection. All the findings of our study have been discussed and presented graphically.
Concerning Patriotic Education of Youth in the Educational Environment of the University
Authors: Zamozhnykh Elena
Published: February 2024

The article outlines the relevance of civic-patriotic education of student youth in new socio-political realities. The purpose of the study to develop a model for organizing a competition (festival) of social advertising, to determine its communicative potential in the system of educational work of the university. To do this, it draws on materials from both domestic and international scientists, as well as examples of successful social contests and festivals held in Russian society. Over the course of the study, the dynamics of patriotic sentiments in Russian society were also defined. Determined are the features and significance of higher educational institutions as resource centres for the development of a patriotic culture and enhancing its significance for young people. The practices of patriotic education in the country’s higher education system have been investigated. The necessity of using innovative technologies and tools for creating a communicative environment of patriotic education along with traditional classes is substantiated. It is determined that the inclusion of sociocultural design in the educational process meets a request of a modern student for proactive learning. The educational and educative potential of competitive and festival activities is analysed. As a tool for helping students develop their value orientations, a model for organizing and running social advertising competitions is proposed. The emphasis is on the need to attract students to the direct organisation of competitive events. The necessity of popularising the results of competitions both by the organisers, partners and direct participants is substantiated. It is concluded that student participation in social advertising competitions and festivals contributes to the development of constructive patriotism, as well as the formation of civic responsibility and youth social activity. The prospects for further research are established.
ClearPath aligners: An invisible approach for the correction of anterior open bite
Authors: Wahab Waqas , Tahir Mahmood
Published: February 2024

Clear aligner treatment has established itself as a reputable orthodontic procedure known for its aesthetic appeal and comfort, particularly favored by adult patients This case report details the clear aligner treatment administered to an adult patient presenting with an anterior open bite and spaced upper dentition. The treatment involved closing spaces and retracting upper anterior teeth, while interproximal reduction was performed in the lower arch. The Elastic Button Technique (EBT) was employed to address the open bite. A total of 9 sets of clear aligners were provided, with a recommended wear time of 22 hours per day for 10 days, spanning a four-month period. Consequently, this case study underscores the effectiveness of using clear aligners in orthodontic treatment to resolve anterior open bite issues. The inconspicuous design of these aligners not only contributes to enhanced periodontal health but also boosts patient acceptance.