bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fracture behavior under mixed mode I/II static and dynamic loading of ADCB specimens
Authors: Rubiera S , Argüelles A , Viña J , Rocandio C , Bonhomme J
Published: July 2016

In this paper, the phenomenon of delamination under static and dynamic loading of a composite made of an epoxy matrix and carbon fiber reinforcement has been studied, analyzing its fracture behavior under mixed mode I/II loading employing an asymmetric double cantilever beam test. Under static loading, some of the most representative formulations for calculating the energy release rate were analyzed, finding a good agreement between the results obtained by means of the different formulations. Under dynamic loading, the number of cycles necessary for the crack onset was determined (determination of ΔG − N fatigue curves and number of cycles necessary for the delamination onset for a given energy release rate). As regards the experimental results, apparent fatigue limits of the order of 38% of the critical fracture energy were obtained for an asymmetry coefficient of 0.1. Subsequent statistical analysis of the results enabled the fatigue limit to be defined more accurately. This was found to be 15% for this material, indicating the need to use these tools for the actual determination of the infinite fatigue life of the material. Finally, an optical study of the fracture surfaces was carried out which confirmed the presence of mixed mode fracture typologies.
Thermal and damage analysis of laser-induced decomposition within carbon/epoxy composite laminates
Authors: Leplat Gillian , Huchette Cédric , Biasi Valentin
Published: July 2016

Fire-induced decomposition of composite materials used for aircraft structures involves complex and coupled multi-physics phenomena studied through conventional standard tests such as cone calorimeter, FAR25.856(b):2003 and ISO2685:1998(e), for instance. It is proposed to address this issue within controlled environment and accurate heat loading. Thermal response and damage evolution are investigated experimentally and numerically to analyse the anisotropic and heterogeneous behaviour of decomposing composite laminates subjected to laser heating and confined within the test chamber of the BLADE facility developed at ONERA. Accurate heat transfer measurements are correlated with numerical results from MoDeTheC solver and post-decomposition micrographic imaging in order to analyse the material thermo-chemical behaviour and identify the damage mechanisms.
Magnetic nanoparticles and blood flow behavior in non-Newtonian pulsating flow within the carotid artery in drug delivery application
Authors: Momeni Larimi Morsal , Ramiar Abas , Ranjbar Ali A
Published: July 2016

Nanoparticles play an important role in the molecular diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring therapeutic outcomes in various diseases. Magnetic nanoparticles are being of great interest due to their unique purposes, especially medicine, in which the application of magnetic nanoparticles is much promising. Magnetic nanoparticles have been actively investigated as the next generation of targeted drug delivery for more than three decades. This article is devoted to study on the magnetic drug targeting technique by particle tracking in the presence of a magnetic field in the carotid artery. The results showed that applying a magnetic field on the secondary branch of the external carotid artery in a pulsating non-Newtonian flow drove nanoparticles inside this sub-branch, while none of them entered that branch in the absence of magnetic field on the internal carotid artery. Wall shear stress distributions showed that high shear stress occurs near the bifurcation region, and its maximum value belongs to the junction of internal carotid artery and external carotid artery.
Reconsidering Temporal Selection in the Attentional Blink
Authors: Goodbourn Patrick T. , Martini Paolo , Barnett-Cowan Michael , Harris Irina M. , Livesey Evan J. , Holcombe Alex O.
Published: July 2016

Two episodes of attentional selection cannot occur very close in time. This is the traditional account of the attentional blink, whereby observers fail to report the second of two temporally proximal targets. Recent analyses have challenged this simple account, suggesting that attentional selection during the attentional blink is not only (a) suppressed, but also (b) temporally advanced then delayed, and (c) temporally diffused. Here, we reanalyzed six data sets using mixture modeling of report errors, and revealed much simpler dynamics. Exposing a problem inherent in previous analyses, we found evidence of a second attentional episode only when the second target (T2) follows the first (T1) by more than 100 to 250 ms. When a second episode occurs, suppression and delay reduce steadily as lag increases and temporal precision is stable. At shorter lags, both targets are reported from a single episode, which explains why T2 can escape the attentional blink when it immediately follows T1 (Lag-1 sparing).
Bionic control scheme based on muscle–tendon unit for electrohydraulic cylinder
Authors: Xu Zhe , Gao Junyao
Published: July 2016

Bionics researchers identify muscle–tendon unit to be effective in producing human-like walking, but seldom real actuators have same property like muscle–tendon unit. Here, a muscle–tendon control scheme for electrohydraulic cylinder is proposed. To achieve this goal, we develop a model of electrohydraulic cylinder to clarify the relationship between the input current and output force. Additionally, a controller based on muscle–tendon unit model is applied to realize compliant control. The results of muscle–tendon unit control scheme and conventional force–position control scheme are compared. By applying the proposed one, we find that the electrohydraulic cylinder generates compliant behavior and self-adapts to load disturbances, without scarifying its fast response property and stiffness. Besides, various compliances can be accomplished by simply changing maximum muscle–tendon unit force. The results suggest that hydraulic actuators with this bionic control scheme can meet the demand of robot applications, especially for legged robots and manipulators.
Palaeo-earthquake and palaeo-mudflow events at the Machangyuan Ruins in the Huangshui River valley, northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Guo Yongqiang , Huang Chun Chang , Pang Jiangli , Zha Xiaochun , Zhou Yali , Zhou Qiang , Hu Guiming
Published: July 2016

Palaeo-earthquake event recorded by loess rapture fissures (N30°–40°W and N40°–50°E trending) and palaeo-mudflow event recorded by red clay deposits were identified at the Machangyuan Ruins in the Huangshui River valley, at the foot of the northeastern Tibetan Plateau. Comparative analysis of grain-size distributions and geochemical elements of local outcrops indicates that the red mudflows were sourced from the gullies on the valley side where unconsolidated Neogene red clay formation was exposed The palaeo-earthquake was associated with regional tectonic structures including a NNW-trending left-lateral strike-slip fault (Lajishan fault) and a NE-trending local fault (Bazhougou fault). Analysis combining optically stimulated luminescence ages and radiocarbon ages of archaeological record dates the palaeo-earthquake and palaeo-mudflow events to ca. 4.80 ka BP. During that stage, many Neolithic settlements distributed around the Machangyuan Ruins. Enhanced human activities of the Majiayao Culture disturbed the landscape of the Minhe Basin causing widespread soil erosion. Contemporaneous storm rain and earthquake mobilized the loosened sediments in the upper stream gullies forming mudflows. The hollow ground around the Machangyuan Ruins was covered by mudflow and the earthquake fissures were filled in by the mudflow at the same time. This study provides important insights into early human impact during climatic and tectonic events in the environmentally vulnerable zones over the world.
Human health risk assessment of organophosphorus pesticide in rice crop from selected districts of Anzali International Wetland basin, Iran
Authors: Ghanbari F , Moattar F , Monavari SM , Arjmandi R
Published: July 2016

Low fertility in rice caused by Chilo suppressalis has led to the use of diazinon to control this pest. Residue of pesticide could penetrate products and also food which can affect public health. The aim of this research was to determine health risk assessment of organophosphorus (OP) pesticide in rice, a strategic crop in Iran. Ninety rice samples were collected from 30 points during harvesting seasons from Rasht Area, Guilan Province, Iran from which 30 samples were prepared. The concentration of diazinon, the most common pesticide used in the study area, was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. The result indicated that the total average of diazinon in rice samples (31.91 mg/kg) is by far higher than the maximum residue limit recommended by the European Union. According to the results, EDAI was 0.051 mg/kg day, while health risk index in rice was 10.2. Results showed that there is a health risk associated with the lifetime consumption of rice polluted by OP pesticide in the study area.
Wernicke’s encephalopathy mimicking neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a report of three cases and literature review
Authors: Appenzeller S , Reis F , Costallat L T Lavras , Pérez J Adams , Saldanha C F , Monticielo O A
Published: July 2016

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic inflammatory disease that involves many organs and systems. Nervous system involvement in SLE encompasses neurological and psychiatric disorders, and remains a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Wernicke’s encephalopathy (WE) is a neurological disorder that occurs as a consequence of thiamine deficiency, and its clinical presentation resembles the neuropsychiatric events attributed to SLE (NPSLE). Differentiation between these two entities is crucial because their treatment differs greatly and can change prognosis. We describe three cases of patients with SLE who presented with initial clinical findings suggestive of NPSLE that, at the end of a thorough clinical investigation, were actually found to represent WE. In all of these cases, treatment with thiamine resulted in significant improvement. WE should be considered as a differential diagnosis in SLE patients with neuropsychiatric signs and symptoms, especially when risk factors for thiamine deficiency are present.
Book Review: D.K. Taknet, The Marwari Heritage
Authors: Tripathi Dwijendra
Published: July 2016

D.K. Taknet, The Marwari Heritage, Jaipur: International Institute of Management and Entrepreneurship, 2015, 511 pp.
Online Voucher Sales System for the National Aptitude Test 2013
Authors: Kapoor Rohit , Shah Bhavin J.
Published: July 2016

This case presents the real-life situation of a convener who has initiated the task of implementing an online voucher sales system to collect the fees from candidates for a National Aptitude Test. The IT application was to be developed by an external vendor, but a few days before the application’s launch, the vendor’s point of contact informed the convener that development had been delayed. This placed the convenor in a difficult situation because he had already announced the launch through the national media. The options available to him were rather few. He was faced with the dilemma of whether to announce the non-availability of online voucher system to the public and face the media trial or to explore the option of pushing the external vendor further to meet the deadline. The second option required him to coordinate with the senior management of the vendor company. In any case, the timelines were tight, and he had to make the decision promptly. It would be a difficult situation for the convener, in case the application failed.
Managing melancholic depression: a personal perspective
Authors: Parker Gordon
Published: July 2016

Objectives:

The objective of this article is to offer a personal perspective on managing melancholia by interpreting both the limited salient evidence base and offering clinical observations.

Conclusions:

It is suggested that medication needs to be prioritised, that not all antidepressants are equally potent for those with melancholia and that as response to a single antidepressant alone (especially a narrow-spectrum one) is low, management commonly requires broader-spectrum antidepressant drugs and augmentation strategies.
Multilayer piezoelectret foam stack for vibration energy harvesting
Authors: Ray Chase A , Anton Steven R
Published: July 2016

Electronic devices are high-demand commodities in today’s world, and such devices will continue increasing in popularity. Currently, batteries are implemented to provide power to these devices; however, the need for battery replacement, their cost, and the waste associated with battery disposal present a need for advances in self-powered technology. Energy harvesting technology has great potential to alleviate the drawbacks of batteries. In this work, a novel piezoelectret foam material is investigated for low-level vibration energy harvesting. Specifically, piezoelectret foam assembled in a multilayer stack configuration is explored. Modeling and experimentation of the stack when excited in compression at low frequencies are performed to investigate piezoelectret foam for multilayer energy harvesting. An equivalent circuit model derived from the literature is used to model the piezoelectret stack. Two 20-layer prototype devices and one 40-layer prototype device are fabricated and experimentally tested via harmonic base excitation. Electromechanical frequency response functions between input acceleration and output voltage are measured experimentally. Modeling results are compared to experimental measurements to assess the fidelity of the model near resonance. Finally, energy harvesting experimentation in which the device is subject to harmonic base excitation at the fundamental natural frequency is conducted to determine the ability of the stack to successfully charge a capacitor. For a 20-layer stack excited at 0.5  g, a 100-µF capacitor is charged to 1.45 V in 15 min, and produces a peak power of 0.45 µW. A 40-layer stack is found to charge a 100-µF capacitor to 1.7 V in 15 min when excited at 0.5  g, and produce a peak power of 0.89 µW.
Bridging Social Innovation and Social Work
Authors: Halvorsen Cal J.
Published: July 2016

This article highlights how the social work academy can support innovative research, dissemination, and implementation and is a response to and extension of arguments made by Dr. Marilyn L. Flynn on innovation in social work. It argues that social work researchers need to strike a balance between the often slow and methodical scientific research community and the often rapid and reactive social innovation community to best respond to societal needs. From an emerging scholar’s point of view, it concludes by emphasizing how shifting priorities in social work tenure and promotion processes can broaden the impact of social work research.
A Commentary on Innovation and Emerging Scientific Careers
Authors: Craddock Jaih B.
Published: July 2016

The aim of this article is to address some of the questions Dr. Paula S. Nurius presents in her article, Innovation and Emerging Scientific Careers: Is Social Work Prepared to Compete in Today‖s Scientific Marketplace? Specifically, this article will focus on what we can do to better prepare our emerging research scholars to be successful innovators through trans-disciplinary training and educational activities. This article recommends two main ideas. The first main idea is that social work co-host meetings, lectures, roundtables and trainings with disciplines we do not tend to collaborate with, in order to build inter-disciplinary partnerships. The second suggestion is that students are socially integrated, via extensive interaction of outside disciplines, through customized semester-long rotation style trainings. By implementing these suggestions, we will be providing a space for our doctoral students to gain an understanding of how different disciplines‖ researchers, technologies, and/or methods can add to their ability to produce innovative ideas, encouraging creative and complex thinking and problem solving.
Integration of a Clinical Pharmacist into an Interdisciplinary Palliative Care Outpatient Clinic
Authors: DiScala Sandra Lee , Onofrio Sarah , Miller Maura , Nazario Mitchell , Silverman Michael
Published: July 2016

Objectives:

The primary objective of this quality improvement (QI) project was to determine if the Interdisciplinary Palliative Care Outpatient Clinic (IPCOC) at the West Palm Beach Veterans Affairs Medical Center offered improved symptom assessment and palliative care treatment outcomes. Secondary objectives were to identify, classify, and resolve medication problems and calculate the number of pharmacist recommendations accepted by prescribing providers.

Methods:

An IPCOC was created by selecting disciplines for a core group including a nurse practitioner, clinical pharmacist, social worker, chaplain, and physician. Consult referrals were recruited by providing educational sessions. The patient assessments were completed using the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System: (revised version; ESAS-R). The clinical pharmacist classified and resolved drug-related problems. The pharmacy resident telephoned veterans for completion of the “Patient Assessment: Overall Satisfaction with Outpatient Palliative Care Clinic.”

Results:

Seventeen consults were received, 6 patients were excluded, and 11 were seen in clinic. One (9%) of 11 patients met the outcomes measure of system assessment documentation in the past year. At completion, 11 (100%) of 11 patients met the outcomes data measure. The Patient Satisfaction Assessment revealed veterans strongly agree to recommend the IPCOC. The clinical pharmacist identified 20 drug-related problems, made 16 recommendations, had a 93.7% implementation rate, and facilitated implementation of medication changes.

Conclusion:

This QI project demonstrates that an IPCOC improved symptom assessment and palliative care outcomes in addition to resolution of medication prescribing issues in veterans with advanced cancer by integration of a clinical pharmacist into the core team.
Article Commentary: Modernity, Death, and the Self: Disenchantment of Death and Symbols of Bereavement
Authors: Lee Raymond L. M.
Published: July 2016

In late modernity, the question of death has become more transparent. Modern consciousness either procrastinates on this question or takes death to signal the end of the self. The revival of death consciousness opens up a new field of investigation into the meaning of the modern self. When contrasted with premodern notions of death, the modern self facing death is seen to be isolated, distant, and struggling to preserve its autonomy. Death in modernity is a mirror for reflecting the precariousness of the self.
Ben-Joshua Dying
Authors: Silverman Sam
Published: July 2016

Ben-Joshua Jaffee, a professionally trained social worker, was diagnosed with progressive bulbar palsy in December 2000. Subsequently, in April 2001 and February 2002, he sent two e-mails to the International Work Group on Death, Dying and Bereavement, a professional group of which he was a member. In these e-mails he described the course of his illness, his feelings, and how he coped with it. These powerful documents are a rare instance of the description of the course of a life-threatening illness, and the response of an observant, trained individual subject to it. Dr. Jaffee died on December 4, 2002.
A Pastoral Reflective on the Spiritual Dimensions of Loss
Authors: Gilbert Richard B.
Published: July 2016

Few life experiences are more inviting, and more threatening, to our spiritual fabric than loss. Loss rips through us, who we are, how we cope, and what its meaning is for us. Some losses are so traumatic that spirituality can “make it or break it,” leading to a pathway of hope and healing or a pathway of further loss and despair.
Social Opportunity in the Face of Cancer: Understanding the Burden of the Extended Caregiver Network
Authors: Case Patricia
Published: July 2016

Over the past few decades, cancer-related research has begun to focus on the psychological and social costs of disease. Quality of life has become an important issue, judged not only by absence of disease, but also by how satisfied the patient is with their day-to-day living. Despite this growing body of literature, there remains a considerable gap in understanding how far-reaching the social costs of cancer actually are. This study was designed to address the needs, behaviors, and social expenditures of groups that are yet to be fully acknowledged in the research body; adult siblings, extended family, and friendship networks and co-workers. The diagnosis of cancer creates change and potential conflict in the lives of these caregivers. It was hypothesized that an extended social network would be profoundly affected by the diagnosis of cancer and that individuals in this network would have needs that were not likely being met as most support and research focuses on the patient and his/her spouse/intimate partner.
Grief is a Luxury: Aids-Related Loss among the Poor in South Africa
Authors: Demmer Craig
Published: July 2016

AIDS is the leading cause of death in South Africa, yet little is known about the bereavement experiences of those who have lost loved ones to AIDS in this country. In-depth interviews were conducted with 18 bereaved individuals in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa and four themes emerged that had to do with the impact of AIDS-related loss on their daily lives: the constant struggle to survive took priority over grief, the economic impact of the loss on the household, the burden on women in caring for the sick and dealing with loss, and concerns about the welfare of children. Further research is needed to explore how social, political, and economic factors influence AIDS-related bereavement in the South African context and bereavement interventions need to be developed that move beyond exclusive reliance on individual or group counseling approaches to address these factors.
Grief is a Brutal but Empowering Teacher: A Social Worker's Reflections on the Importance of Spiritual Assessment and Support during the Bereavement Process
Authors: Furman Leola Dyrud
Published: July 2016

This article explores the important role that religion and spirituality often play in the helping relationship when a client is experiencing grief and loss. Employing personal reflection, case vignettes, and survey data, the author stresses the centrality of spiritual assessment, forgiveness, and ethical guidelines when working with people who have been bereaved.
Spiritual Interventions in Grief Resolution: A Personal Narrative
Authors: Chatterjee Suhita Chopra
Published: July 2016

This article is a personal narrative of grief and bereavement following the sudden, unexpected death of the author's husband. The author identifies the complex array of emotions that she underwent, which transposed her into a world where survival lost its purpose, and the world its coherence. The different components of Hindu understanding and the practice of spirituality which helped her to address these emotional issues and resolve her grief are discussed. In addition, the article tries to chart out the actual process of the awakening of the spiritual orientation which gave her a new meaning and purpose in life.
The Impact of the 2nd Intifada: An Exploration of the Experiences of Palestinian Psychosocial Counselors and Social Workers
Authors: Lindsay Jane
Published: July 2016

This article presents the findings of a small scale study which explored the impact of the 2nd Intifada on the work of Palestinian social workers and psychosocial workers. It is one of a trilogy of comparative studies that investigated the experience of social workers and psychosocial workers working in situations of acute political conflict. Two other studies were conducted in Israel (Ramon, 2004) and in Northern Ireland (Campbell & McCrystal, 2005). Twenty-six interviews were conducted with workers from the West Bank and Gaza in the period 2003-2004, during a crisis phase in this long-term conflict when Israeli forces reoccupied the West Bank and Gaza. Interview data were supplemented by two surveys of psychosocial workers in the Occupied Palestinian Territories. The findings document the resourcefulness and commitment of workers to providing services in such a difficult context in which all workers and their clients were affected to some degree by the conflict. This common experience appeared to lead to feelings of collective solidarity in which survival becomes a form of resistance. However, working in such context takes a toll on workers, and the cumulative impact of being both a helper and a victim/survivor in times of war increased stress and feelings of anger and presented challenges to professional values. A further source of stress for these workers was the lack of status and recognition given to their role and work. Social work and psychosocial counseling are emerging professions in Palestine. Structures which might support workers practicing in a context of long-term and enduring conflict need to be developed. The discussion and conclusion suggests that these should be at personal/professional levels, occupational levels, systems levels, and at governance levels. International alliances and dialogue to build alliances and share and develop approaches to professional practice in such context are also suggested.
Spirituality and Old Age
Authors: Thompson Sue
Published: July 2016

This article highlights the potential for ageist ideology to minimize or obscure the significance of the spiritual dimension of older people's lives and thus adversely impact on the care and support that they receive—especially in times of crisis or loss. Spirituality can be said to incorporate our sense of identity and understanding of our place and status in the world. If we consider that ageism, by marginalizing and dehumanizing older people, has the potential to undermine selfhood and self-worth, we can see that the relationship between the two merits attention. This article explores the connection between the two concepts and challenges ageist assumptions about what older people want and need.
“Nobody Noticed”: Leadership and Issues of Workplace Loss and Grief
Authors: Gilbert Peter
Published: July 2016

Modern commentators are demonstrating how the workplace is changing radically, with a long-hours culture and increasing uncertainty over job security and prospects. With people spending more time in work, they need to find the sort of meaning there that many people looked for in home and leisure. Many people's private lives are sacrificed to the demands of employers and, therefore, when instances of crisis and loss arise, these can be more devastating if the workplace is unsupportive or rejecting. Leadership is an essential attribute in promoting an ethos of meaning and humanity in workplace situations. This paper considers the nature of the current working environment; the role of leadership in creating meaning and learning; and the importance of organizational culture—a positive culture that encapsulates the whole person, not simply a false notion of including just “the part of the person” who is a worker in the organization. Examples from the author's work in human services in the United Kingdom illustrate the points made.
The Shadow Side of Hospice Care
Authors: Renzenbrink Irene
Published: July 2016

The subject of this article is the dark or “shadow” side of working with dying and bereaved people in hospice and palliative care services, and the interplay of complex personal, professional, and organizational issues that can influence both the quality of patient care and the well-being of staff. Examples of how support needs have been identified and managed are drawn from the author's extensive experience as a social worker, educator, and consultant. It is argued that current understandings of staff stress lack insight into the dark side of hospice care and fail to appreciate the depth of emotional anguish that repeated exposure to human suffering can bring.
Mutual Support among Nurses who Provide Care to Dying Children
Authors: Papadatou Danai , Papazoglou Irene , Petraki Dimitra , Bellali Thalia
Published: July 2016

The purpose of this study was to explore the sources, nature, and effectiveness of mutual support among nurses who are exposed to the death of children and to compare the experiences between a group of pediatric oncology nurses and a group of critical care nurses. Semistructured interviews were conducted with sixteen pediatric oncology nurses and twenty-three critical care nurses. Qualitative analysis was used to analyze the data. Findings revealed that (1) nurses relied more on their colleagues for support than on their relatives and friends; (2) the nature of the support they sought involved informational, clinical/practical, emotional, and meaning-making support; and (3) different forms of mutual support were encouraged in the two units, depending on individual needs and the unit's goals, philosophy, and implicit rules about expected behavior in the face of death and dying. Educational and clinical implications are briefly discussed.
Mapping Disparity in Infant Mortality: Using Technology to Describe the Local Dimensions of Infant Deaths
Authors: Auffrey Christopher
Published: July 2016

The infant mortality rate (IMR) is an important indicator of social development, reflecting the equitable distribution of basic resources. However, use of a single IMR for a large city obscures variations within the city. A low citywide IMR may hide success in reducing infant deaths in some neighborhoods and failures in others. Tools are needed by public health officials and researchers to rapidly and reliably describe infant mortality in small areas within cities. This article presents a case study demonstrating how geographic information systems (GIS) technology can be used to effectively measure and describe infant mortality for census tracts within Cincinnati. The results show that GIS are effective for measuring the wide variation in infant mortality within the city and communicating the spatial relationships using maps. Furthermore, census tracts with IMRs lower and higher than predicted by socioeconomic characteristics can be identified for special attention.
Lessons from a Rose: Sociological Reflections on Eight Years of Long-Term Care
Authors: Mahoney Robert J.
Published: July 2016

As aging Americans expand in unprecedented numbers and need for health care, much attention is focused on state and federal policies and legislation, growing corporate/conglomerate control of elder care, efficiency of operation, and cost control. Too often, the individual experience is lost. Rose, an elder individual with dementia, is observed through eight years of an ongoing participant observation study by her son, a sociologist who assists in her care. The study argues for research on the fact and consequences of ageism in doctors. Certified nursing aides/assistants (CNAs) are seen as a critical and growing challenge to providers and receivers of nursing home care. Breaking with common assumptions, quality of life for many aging dementia patients can be joyous and fulfilling. Family involvement can have extraordinarily positive effects on the nursing home patient.
Chronic Sorrow: The Experiences of Bereaved Individuals
Authors: Eakes Georgene G. , Burke Mary L. , Hainsworth Margaret A.
Published: July 2016

This study investigated the occurrence of chronic sorrow among individuals who experienced the death of a loved one. In-depth interviews were conducted with fourteen parents who had experienced the death of a child, ten people who had suffered the death of their spouses, and ten individuals who had had a family member die. Interviews were transcribed and data were sorted into categories, with recurring themes identified. Thirty-three (97 percent) of those interviewed evidenced chronic sorrow. Confronting disparity with social norms and situations that brought memories to mind most frequently triggered recurrence of grief-related feelings. Subjects used action-oriented, cognitive, and interpersonal coping strategies to deal with these episodes of grief. These findings bring into question the expectation inherent in traditional grief theories that emotional closure is a necessary outcome of the grieving process.
“Filling the Void”: Grief and Loneliness in Older Adults
Authors: Costello John
Published: July 2016

Loneliness is often associated with conjugal bereavement, particularly in older adults. Bereavement is also cited as one of the most common causes of loneliness in later life. This article focuses on the findings from research interviews conducted with 16 older adults following partner loss. The argument is made that social forces both external and internal to the mourner determine the duration and shape of the older adult's experience of grief. Loneliness in later life is seen as an embedded and transparent problem that needs to be seen as a separate experience from grief. The findings from this research suggest that grief may be seen as an initiating mechanism of loneliness in older adults. Helping older adults to consider grief and loneliness as separate but related experiences, initiated by loss, may enable them to make sense of the distressing effects of bereavement that take place in later life.
The Role of Policy in Creating a Supportive Social Context for the Management of Loss Experiences and Critical Incidents in School Communities
Authors: Rowling Louise
Published: July 2016

School communities globally are experiencing traumatic events that have the potential to affect the following: the mental health of those involved; the academic progress of students; the work life of teachers; and the public perception of schools as safe physical and psychosocial environments. This potentially widespread impact necessitates the adoption of a comprehensive management strategy. This article describes suggestions for management of these incidents based on the following: a social construction of grief; an ecological public health perspective on loss and grief; and research on educational change. Elements of a supportive school environment will be used to exemplify the proposed approach. The crucial element of the supportive environment was the development of a critical incident management plan. This “working policy” demonstrated coherence between practices and philosophy, indicated a proactive approach for loss and grief and critical incident management and a legally accountable organization.
Measuring the Impact of Electronic Health Record Adoption on Charge Capture
Authors: Edwardson Nicholas , Kash Bita A. , Janakiraman Ramkumar
Published: July 2016

We examine the impact of electronic health record (EHR) adoption on charge capture—the ability of providers to properly ensure that billable services are accurately recorded and reported for payment. Drawing on billing and practice management data from a large, integrated pediatric primary care network that was previously a paper-based organization, monthly encounter, charge, and collection data were collected from 2008 through 2013. Two-level fixed effects models were built to test the impact of EHR adoption on charge capture. The introduction of the EHR to the pediatric primary care network was independently associated with an $11.09 increase in average per patient charges, an $11.49 increase in average per patient collections, and an improvement in physicians’ charge-to-collection ratios. Despite high initial outlays and operating costs related to EHR adoption, these results suggest organizations may recoup many of these costs over the long term.
Stability of anisotropic, naturally straight, helical elastic thin rods
Authors: Cheng Yi-Chien , Feng Shih-Tsai , Hu Kai
Published: July 2016

There has been a differential-geometric interpretation which associates each elastic thin rod with a curve on the three-dimensional unit sphere equipped with a Riemannian metric related to the bending and twisting stiffnesses of the rod. In this paper, we exploit this interpretation to study the stability of anisotropic, naturally straight, helical equilibrium rods with clamped ends. Such a rod is called geodesic here if its associated curve is a geodesic, or equivalently, its twisting stiffness equals one of the bending stiffnesses. We establish criteria for geodesic equilibria to be stable and possibly unstable separately, and develop a scheme predicting unstable non-geodesic equilibria. We also present an example to emphasize the necessity of examining whether a helical equilibrium rod is geodesic or not when one is concerned with its stability.
Hybrid Techniques for Aortic Arch Aneurysm Repair
Authors: Sultan Ibrahim , Bavaria Joseph E. , Szeto Wilson
Published: July 2016

Open repair of the aortic arch remains the gold standard for aortic aneurysms and dissections. However, in elderly patients with comorbidities, and in patients where prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass time and circulatory arrest may pose a significant risk, hybrid techniques in repairing the aortic arch have become quite attractive. Hybrid arch surgery includes a combination of endovascular and open surgery that allows surgeons to operate on the arch in a safe and expeditious manner with potential decrease in morbidity and mortality.
Numerical investigation of friction joint between Basalt Fiber Reinforced Composites and aluminum
Authors: Costache Andrei , Berggreen Christian , Sivebæk Ion Marius , Glejbøl Kristian
Published: July 2016

Flexible risers are used in the offshore oil industry for exporting hydrocarbons from subsea equipment to floating production and storage vessels. The latest research in unbonded flexible pipes aims to reduce weight by replacing metal components with composite materials. This would result in lighter and stiffer flexible risers, which would be well suited for ultra deep water applications. This paper develops a new finite element model used for evaluating the efficiency of anchoring flat unidirectional fiber reinforced tendons in a mechanical grip. It consists two flat grips with the fiber reinforced tendon in between. The grips are pressed against the composite and the pullout force is ensured through friction. The novelty of the paper is represented by the detailed investigation of the influence between the coefficient of friction and the pullout force. By comparing numerical and experimentally obtained results, it is possible to show the importance of friction decay in the grip. Improper contact between the grips and composite is also taken into account and leads to good agreement between numerical and experimental results. This study shows how to avoid over-estimating the efficiency of such grip by using dry friction in finite element models.
Self-regulation and quality of life in high-functioning young adults with autism
Authors: Dijkhuis Renee R , Ziermans Tim B , Van Rijn Sophie , Staal Wouter G , Swaab Hanna
Published: July 2016

Background: Autism is generally associated with poor functional outcome but little is known about predictors of quality of life, especially during early adulthood. This study was conducted to assess subjective quality of life during early adulthood in high-functioning autism spectrum disorder and its relation with self-regulating abilities. Individuals with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder who progressed into post-secondary higher education ( N = 75) were compared to a typical peer control group ( N = 28) based on behavioral self-report questionnaires. The results indicated that individuals with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder reported significantly lower subjective quality of life than typical controls ( p < 0.001, effect size ( d) = 1.84). In addition, individuals with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder reported more problems with emotion processing ( p < 0.05, effect size ( d) = 0.79) and daily executive functioning ( p < 0.001, effect size ( d) = 1.29) than controls. A higher level of executive functioning problems was related to lower quality of life in the high-functioning autism spectrum disorder group, but no significant relation between level of emotion processing and subjective quality of life became apparent in the regression analysis. Our findings show that even in high-functioning young adults with autism, executive functioning, emotion processing, and subjective quality of life are low compared to typically developing peers. Furthermore, these results emphasize the importance of targeting executive functioning problems in individuals with autism to improve subjective quality of life.
Discourse particles in Chinese–Japanese code switching: Constrained by the Matrix Language Frame?
Authors: Meng Hai-Rong , Nakamoto Takeshi
Published: July 2016

Aims and objectives/purpose/research questions:

The purpose of this paper is to clarify the grammatical constraints on discourse particles in Chinese–Japanese intra-sentential code switching in light of the general framework of the Matrix Language Frame (MLF) model augmented by the 4-M model.

Design/methodology/approach:

This study retrieves data collected for three years from three Chinese–Japanese bilingual children aged between 2;1 and 5;0.

Data and analysis:

The database consists of nearly 300 hours of spontaneous conversations that are audio-recorded from the families of the three bilingual children, as well as diary entries. It shows that a large number of code switching utterances involve discourse particles.

Findings/conclusions:

Qualitative analyses of the data indicate that discourse particles are generally constrained by the MLF, yet they do not fit into any category of the 4-M model. Morphologically bound, discourse particles represent the information structure of a sentence (as in the Japanese topic marker - wa) or encode constraints on the inferential processes (as in the Japanese complementizer - kara) rather than truth-conditional information. They manifest some idiosyncrasy at the interface of syntax and pragmatics, and set up the MLF at a discourse level. Thus, the MLF model is extended from a merely syntactic level to the syntax–discourse interface.

Originality:

The present work has contributed empirical evidence from a hitherto undocumented language pair of Chinese and Japanese, and made theoretical explorations on the linguistic constraints of discourse particles.

Significance/implications:

On one hand, it is work that provides support for the robust nature of universality of the MLF constraints on code switching. On the other hand, discourse particles exhibit typological features that need further theoretical exploration in order to make a more comprehensive account for the grammatical constraints on Chinese–Japanese code switching.
Retrofitting public spaces for thermal comfort and sustainability
Authors: Cortesão J. , Alves F. Brandão , Corvacho H. , Rocha C.
Published: July 2016

This article discusses the retrofitting of public spaces in compact urban areas bearing in mind the need for outdoor thermal comfort. The role of paving materials and vegetation was focused on a field survey undertaken at a square in Porto, Portugal. The potential for microclimatic improvement of different combinations of paving materials and vegetation was explored through simulations with ENVI-met. The options, objectives and results of the simulations and an evaluation of Life Cycle Assessment related factors were addressed and discussed. The best improvement scenario was defined stressing the relevance of ‘cool’ paving materials and vegetation and the need for a sustainability analysis throughout the design practice.
Embodied methodologies: challenges, reflections and strategies
Authors: Chadwick Rachelle
Published: July 2016

This paper focuses on the methodological challenges of ‘embodying’ qualitative research. While a substantial literature exists on theoretical aspects of the ‘turn to bodies’, there is little work which has grappled with its methodological implications. This article provides a brief overview and critique of approaches to embodied qualitative methodologies developed in the social sciences over the last decade. The paper also articulates theoretical-methodological strategies that could be useful in the effort to develop ‘embodied methodologies’. The theoretical-methodological strategies outlined include: theorising the embodied subject, problematizing transcription and using poetic representational and methodological devices. These strategies are discussed in relation to a research project exploring women’s narratives of childbirth and shows their use in tracing and representing the sensual body in qualitative analysis.
The Painter of Dematerialization
Authors: Cohen Kris
Published: July 2016

This article begins by re-conceiving dematerialization in relation to On Kawara’s Date Paintings (1966–2009) rather than to the Conceptualist practices that first prompted Lippard and Chandler to invoke the term in 1968. In this view, the concept’s synchronic link to a generation of artists unfolds into a longer history. In such a history, phases are marked by technologies that change the material basis of the property form, thereby prompting intellectual property law to try to extend the law’s protections to the newly configured media. This article considers the introduction of the VCR and the ensuing lawsuits as one phase of dematerialization. But the VCR emerged alongside Conceptual art practices, and in those practices too, dematerialization entailed revisions and augmentations of property law. Ultimately, On Kawara’s practice helps us to sketch a pre-history of digital culture, which has seen the most rapid and aggressive expansions of the law that governs creative practice.
Parallax Effects: Epistemology, Affect and Digital 3D Cinema
Authors: Whissel Kristen
Published: July 2016

This article puts Alfonso Curaon’s Gravity 3D (2013) into dialogue with 19th- and 20th-century writings on the stereoscope in order to show how digital 3D cinema remediates stereoscopic 3D aesthetics to effects that extend beyond the production of an immersive sensory experience. Recent digital 3D films update for a new media environment the tendency of the stereoscopic 3D image to tie z-depth (or positive parallax) with the desire to see and know (or ‘epistemic seeing’) and emergent images (negative parallax) with ‘affective seeing’ (a mode of perception organized around heightened emotion), while exploiting the illusory solidity and tangibility of the 3D image to (melo)dramatic ends. I show how Gravity 3D elaborates the terrors and pleasures of various forms of connectivity (technological, material, metaphorical) as it provides the spectator with the illusory experience of sensory immersion within the radically inaccessible, sublime location of outer space – a setting that constitutes the limits of the visible and knowable and makes locatability a matter of life and death.
Education, time-poverty and well-being
Authors: White John
Published: July 2016

This article focuses on ‘objective list’ accounts of personal well-being and the related view that schools should aim at inducting students into a wide range of objective goods. It reviews various objective lists and notes that very many of them include knowledge, a love of beauty and close personal relationships. It then seeks to explain why this might be so and cautions against narrowness in specifying intrinsic goods, before exploring the role of extensive personal time in engaging in them. This article links all this to the current UK government’s advocacy of knowledge and other cultural goods in English school aims, seeing this as an instance of a more global tendency. It argues that this approach both assumes a too restricted notion of intrinsic goods and – especially – is unrealistic in the light of widespread time-poverty. It suggests, finally, that if more personal time is to be sought, school reform must go hand in hand with wider social changes.