bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BAIAP2L1 expression associates with survival in triple negative breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: September 2021

We mined published microarray data (1) to understand the most significant gene expression differences in the tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients based on survival at time of analysis: dead or alive. We observed significant transcriptome-wide differential expression of BAI1-associated protein 2-like 1, encoded by BAIAP2L1 when comparing the primary tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients dead or alive. Importantly, BAIAP2L1 expression was significantly correlated with overall survival in basal subtype breast cancer, a molecular subtype sharing significant overlap with triple negative breast cancer. BAIAP2L1 may be of relevance as a biomarker or as a molecule of interest in understanding the etiology or progression of triple negative breast cancer.
Problem Spiritual dalam Ritual Nyadran di Desa Balongdowo Sidoarjo Menurut Konsep Tauhid oleh Fakhrudin Ar – Razi
Authors: Fitriansyah Ainul Fuad
Published: September 2021

AbstrakArtikel ini mencoba untuk mengungkap praktik budaya singkritis yang dilaksanakan dalam itual Nyadran di desa Balongdowo, kabupaten sidoarjo. Penulis menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan jenis Studi kasus. Umat islam di pulau jawa sangat akrab mendengar macam-macam istilah acara kesyukuran. Acara atau ritual tersebut biasa kita kenal dengan nama “selametan”. Ritual “selametan” ini memiliki berbagai macam nama khusus untuk acara-acara tertentu, atau dengan kata lain dalam setiap peristiwa tertentu ada selametan. Selametan sendiri merupakan salah satu adat jawa yang masih di uri-uri (dijaga dan dilestarikan ) oleh beberapa orang. Banyak yang berkeyakinan melakukan ini supaya mendapatkan keselamatan atau disebut Tolak balak. Pada kesempatan ini penulis ingin membahas tentang sebuah ritual selametan yang bernama nyadran, atau larung sesaji di desa balong dowo kabupaten sidoarjo provinsi jawa timur. Naskah ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap suatu aktivitas singkritis etnis jawa di daerah balong dowo dan meluruskanya dalam segi pandang islam.
akulturasi ajaran Islam dan budaya jawa
Authors: Ramadhan Amar
Published: September 2021

Budaya sudah melekat dalam masyarakat Indonesia sebelum Islam datang. Banyak kelompok yang tidak mengenal Islam, Karena mereka masih mempercaya pada animism dan dinamisme. Hukum adat sangat mengikat sehingga masyarakatnya statis dan konservatif. Kemunculan dan perkembangan Islam di Indonesia menimbulkan transformasi kebudayaan lokal antara Islam dan budaya Jawa sehingga masyarakat Jawa memiliki pandangan bahwa memaknai islam dan budaya memiliki relasi yang tak terpisahkan dan bisa diterima oleh semua pihak. Isalm yang berkembang di masyarakat Jawa sangat kental dengan tradisi dan budaya. Tradisi dan budaya Jawa berpengaruh dalam keyakinan dan praktek-praktek keberagamaan.
ADMINISTRASI KESISWAAN DALAM DUNIA PENDIDIKAN
Authors: Laili Nur
Published: September 2021

Dalam dunia pendidikan, administrasi sangat dibutuhkan untuk keberlangsungan suatu proses belajar mengajar. Semua itu tidak lepas dari keaktifan orang-orang yang menguasai administrasi dalam sekolah. Orang sering menganggap enteng administrasi tersebut, padahal kalau administrasi dipegang sama orang-orang yang kurang terampil maka administrasi tersebut akan berantakan. Orang yang memegang administrasi adalah orang yang sudah terlatih dalam bidangnya.Administrasi ini tidak hanya dalam hal keuangan saja tetapi juga dalam kerapian atau keteraturan kita dalam pembukuan. Administrasi tidak hanya dilakukan dalam waktu tertentu saja tetapi setiap hari secara sistematis. Keberhasilan pendidikan di sekolah harus ditunjang oleh pelayanan administrasi sekolah yang teratur, terarah dan terencana. Di mana dalam pelaksanaannya harus mengikuti arah zaman yang semakin bersaing dan semakin modern. Untuk itu, perlu adanya pembagian tugas ketatausahaan yang jelas dan terprogram di setiap sekolah.
STAT4 expression associates with survival in triple negative breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: September 2021

We mined published microarray data (1) to understand the most significant gene expression differences in the tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients based on survival at time of analysis: dead or alive. We observed significant transcriptome-wide differential expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 4, encoded by STAT4 when comparing the primary tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients dead or alive. Importantly, STAT4 expression was significantly correlated with overall survival in basal subtype breast cancer, a molecular subtype sharing significant overlap with triple negative breast cancer. STAT4 may be of relevance as a biomarker or as a molecule of interest in understanding the etiology or progression of triple negative breast cancer.
Vuong Quan Hoang to serve VIASM during 2021-24
Authors: Lab SDAG
Published: September 2021

Dr. Vuong Quan Hoang (of the Centre for Interdisciplinary Social Research – ISR, Phenikaa University) has officially accepted to serve as the institute’s Distinguished Associate Member for the 2021-2024 term.
We are all less risky and more skillful than our fellow drivers: Successful replication and extension of Svenson (1981)
Authors: Koppel Lina , Andersson David , Tinghög Gustav , Västfjäll Daniel , Feldman Gilad
Published: September 2021

The better-than-average effect refers to the tendency to rate oneself as better than the average person on desirable traits and skills. In a classic study, Svenson (1981) asked participants to rate their driving safety and skill compared to other participants in the experiment. Results showed that the majority of participants rated themselves as far above the median, despite the statistical impossibility of more than 50% of participants being above the median. We report a preregistered, well-powered (total N = 1,203), very close replication and extension of the Svenson (1981) study. Our results indicate that the majority of participants rated their driving skill and safety as above average. We added different response scales as an extension and findings were stable across all three mesaures. Thus, our findings are consistent with the original findings by Svenson (1981). Materials, data, and code are available at https://osf.io/fxpwb/
What do non-religious non-believers believe in? Secular worldviews around the world
Authors: van Mulukom Valerie , Turpin Hugh , Haimila Roosa , Purzycki Benjamin Grant , Bendixen Theiss , Kundtová Klocová Eva , Řezníček Dan , Coleman Thomas Joseph , Sevinç Kenan , de Oliveira Maraldi Everton , Schjødt uffe , Rutjens Bastiaan T , Farias Miguel
Published: September 2021

The global increase in non-religious individuals begs for a better understanding of what non-religious beliefs and worldviews actually entail. Rather than assuming an absence of belief or imposing a predetermined set of beliefs, this research uses an open-ended approach to investigate which secular beliefs and worldviews non-religious non-theistic individuals in 10 countries around the world might endorse. Approximately one thousand participants were recruited (N = 996; approximately one hundred participants per country) and completed the online survey. A data-driven coding scheme of the open-ended question about the participants’ beliefs and worldviews was created and includes 51 categories in 11 supercategories (agency & control, collaboration & peace, equality & kindness, morality, natural laws & the here and now, non-religiosity, reflection & acceptance, science & critical thinking, spirituality, truth, and other). The 10 most frequently mentioned categories were science, humanism, critical scepticism, natural laws, equality, kindness & caring, care for the earth, left-wing political causes, atheism, and individualism & freedom. Patterns of beliefs were explored, demonstrating three worldview belief sets: scientific worldviews, humanist worldviews, and caring nature-focused worldviews. This project is a timely data-driven exploration of the content and range of global secular worldviews around the world, and matches previous theoretical work. Future research may utilise these data and findings to construct more comprehensive surveys to be completed in additional countries.
Beyond IIT: (how) can we model the evolution of consciousness?
Authors: Kent Adrian
Published: September 2021

Tononi et al.'s "integrated information theory" (IIT) postulates rules for assigning measures Phi and qualia types Q of consciousness to classical information networks. We consider whether IIT is compatible with Darwinian evolution. We argue that an IIT-like theory that assigns consciousness to physical systems by relatively simple mathematical rules poses extraordinary ?ne-tuning problems.For example, why, among all possible lawlike theories of consciousness, do we have one that makes us conscious of a high-level narrative of our environment and actions, so accurate that it appears to us to cause our behaviour?We introduce IIT+, a class of extensions of IIT in which Phi and/or Q influence the network dynamics. We argue that IIT+-like theories, unlike IIT-like theories, offer at least partial explanations of how some key features of consciousness evolved. We conclude that if one takes seriously Darwinian evolution and the case for an IIT-like theory, one has to take seriously the case for an IIT+-like theory.
Spurious correlations in research on the effects of specific cognitive abilities
Authors: Sorjonen Kimmo , Melin Bo
Published: September 2021

Studies on the effect of non-g ability residuals have often employed double adjustment for general cognitive ability (g), as they have calculated the ability residuals adjusting for g and then calculated the effect of the non-g residuals while adjusting for g. The present simulations demonstrate that the double adjustments may result in spurious negative associations between the non-g residual on one cognitive ability, e.g. verbal ability, and variables with a positive association with another ability, e.g. SAT math and math ability. In analyses of the 1997 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY97), the negative associations between non-g residuals on verbal and math ability and aptitude test scores on the other ability vanished when not double adjusting for g. This indicates that the observed negative associations may be spurious and not due to differential investment of time and effort in one ability at the expense of the other ability, as suggested in the literature. Researchers of the effects of specific abilities are recommended to validate their findings and interpretations with analyses not double adjusting for g.
The Chinese version of the Maltreatment and Abuse Chronology of Exposure (MACE) scale: Psychometric properties in a sample of young adults
Authors: Chen Yuanyuan , Wang Zhen , Zheng Xiaoyu , Wu Zhiyin , Zhu Jianjun
Published: September 2021

There are several effective self-report instruments used by Chinese researchers to retrospectively assess exposure to childhood maltreatment. However, these measures do not assess the timing of exposure, restricting efforts to identify periods of development when childhood maltreatment maximally increases vulnerability to psychopathology. In the current study we created a Chinese version of the Maltreatment and Abuse Chronology of Exposure (MACE) scale, which assesses multiplicity (number of types of maltreatment experienced) and severity of maltreatment as well as when it occurred during childhood and adolescence. Rasch modeling was used for scale development in a sample of 812 undergraduate students. Item reduction analysis of the original 75 items used to develop the 52-item MACE produced a 58-item Chinese version. The new scale showed the same factor structure as the original MACE, good three-week test-retest reliability, and good convergent validity with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and the revised Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire (ACEQ-R). Variance decomposition analyses found that compared to the CTQ and ACE, the MACE Severity and Multiplicity scores explained higher variance in self-reported depression and anxiety symptom ratings on the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS). The results of the present study confirmed that the Chinese version of the MACE has sound psychometric properties in the Chinese cultural context. This new instrument will be a valuable tool for Chinese researchers to study retrospective reports of the type and timing of exposure to maltreatment.
UCancellation: A New Mobile Measure of Selective Attention and Concentration
Authors: Pahor Anja , Mester Randy E. , Carrillo Audrey A. , Ghil Eunice , Reimer Jason F. , Jaeggi Susanne M. , Seitz Aaron R.
Published: September 2021

Measuring selective attention in a speeded task can provide valuable insight into the current concentration ability of an individual, and can inform neuropsychological assessment of attention in aging, traumatic brain injury, and in various psychiatric disorders. There are few tools to measure selective attention that are freely available, psychometrically validated and can be used flexibly both for in-person and remote assessment. To address this gap, we developed a self-administrable, mobile-based test of selective attention, psychomotor speed, and inhibitory control called ‘UCancellation’ (University of California Cancellation) with two stimulus sets: Letters and Pictures. UCancellation takes less than 7 minutes to complete, is automatically scored, allows for multiple testing sessions, and is compatible with a variety of IOS and Android devices. Here we report the results of a study that examined 1-week retest reliability and convergent validity of UCancellation in a sample of 104 college students. UCancellation Letters and Pictures showed adequate retest reliability (r=.71-.83, p<0.01) and internal consistency (ɑ=.73-.91). It also showed convergent validity with another widely used cancellation task, D2 Test of Attention (r =.43-.59, p<0.01), and predicted performance on a cognitive control composite (r = .34-.41, p<0.05). These results suggest that UCancellation is a valid test of selective attention and inhibitory control, which warrants further data collection to establish norms.
Patterns of Childhood Adversity among Women with and without Childhood ADHD: Links to Adult Psychopathology and Global Functioning
Authors: Nguyen Phuc T. , Gordon Chanelle T. , Owens Elizabeth B. , Hinshaw Stephen P.
Published: September 2021

Objective: We examine the outcomes associated with childhood adversity for women with and without carefully diagnosed childhood ADHD, via an ethnically diverse sample of 140 participants with ADHD (Mage = 9.7) and 88 age- and ethnicity-matched comparisons (Mage = 9.4). At adult follow-up, we retained 211 of the original 228 participants (92.6%; Mage = 25.6). Method: We used latent class analysis to identify patterns of childhood adversity and examine their association with adult global functioning and psychopathology. Results: Key findings: (1) Four childhood adversity classes emerged (Low Exposure, Familial Dysfunction, Emotional Maltreatment, Pervasive Exposure); (2) Childhood ADHD predicted membership in the Emotional Maltreatment class; and (3) Childhood adversity classes were differently associated with adult outcomes, such that women in both the Emotional Maltreatment and Pervasive Exposure groups experienced significantly higher internalizing and externalizing symptoms and reported significantly lower global functioning than those in the Low Exposure group. Furthermore, compared to those in the Emotional Maltreatment group, women with the Familial Dysfunction group had lower externalizing symptoms, whereas women in the Pervasive Exposure class had lower global functioning and higher internalizing symptoms. Conclusions: Findings provide information about women who could be targeted for intervention in terms of ADHD symptoms plus types of adverse experiences in childhood. Beyond limitations, we discuss the need to investigate the confluence of neurodevelopmental conditions and adverse child events with respect to maladaptive outcomes.
Do Indian’s Interested in Sci-Hub-LibGen Lawsuit: A Look through Google Trends
Authors: Raju N Vasantha
Published: September 2021

This paper examined the Indian interest in Sc-hub and LibGen Lawsuit for infringing the copyright of Elsevier Inc, Wiley and ACS. The lawsuit has a potential impact on Indian researchers in freely accessing scholarly publications through Sci-hub and LibGen and thus has raised considerable interest in Indian scientific community. This has been studied through Google Trends and found that there was a constant increased interest in Sci-hub and LibGen search term after the case was taken up for hearing in the Delhi High Court.
The content of soccer club stereotypes – Perceptions of warmth and competence of German Bundesliga and English Premier League clubs
Authors: Kauff Mathias , Hellmann Jens H. , Nigbur Dennis , Asbrock Frank
Published: September 2021

One of the most prominent social-psychological models describing the content of stereotypes about social groups is the Stereotype Content Model. The model assumes that social groups can be clustered along the dimensions of warmth (How well-intentioned is a group?) and competence (How capable is a group to implement its intentions?). We used this model to describe consensually shared stereotypes about soccer clubs from the German Bundesliga and the English Premier League. Using online questionnaires, we asked 681 and 800 participants to rate warmth, competence of as well as general attitudes and certain emotions associated with clubs from the Bundesliga (Study 1) and the Premier League (Study 2). Results indicated that clubs in both leagues can be grouped into three clusters along the dimensions of warmth and competence. Our approach extends previous work that mainly focusses on unidimensional evaluations of clubs.
Executive Functioning in University Students: Investigating the Role of Physical Activity and Athletic Status on Subjective and Objective Measures
Authors: Doucette Madeline M. , Escudero Juan Pablo Sánchez , Rhodes Ryan E. , Garcia-Barrera Mauricio
Published: September 2021

This study examined how physical activity and athletic status affect subjective and objective measures of executive functioning in university students. A total of 217 university students aged 18-25 (83% female) completed a virtual assessment of executive function. The predictor variables were age, sex, physical activity and athletic status. Structural equation modelling was used to predict objective executive function using a three-factor model (shifting, updating, and inhibition). The Executive Function Index (EFI) was used to measure subjective executive functioning, and linear regression was used to predict total EFI scores. The study found that physical activity (b=0.12, p<.01) and athletic status (b=-4.12, p<.05) were significant predictors of subjective executive functioning but not objective executive functioning. Sex was significantly related to inhibition (b=0.63, p<.01), with males showing greater inhibition. These findings suggest that subjective and objective measures of executive functioning should be differentiated when investigating their relationship with physical activity and athletic status.
Sexual violence and help-seeking behavior of applicants for international protection residing in Belgium.
Authors: De Schrijver Lotte , Nobels Anne , Harb Jonathan , Nisen Laurent , Roelens Kristien , Beken Tom Vander , Vandeviver Christophe , Keygnaert Ines
Published: September 2021

Background: Sexual violence (SV) literature on applicants for international protection (AIPs) shows that they are at high risk of victimization. The study objectives are to provide an explorative overview on the occurrence of SV in AIPs in Belgium and their help-seeking behavior [HSB]. This overview is crucial to develop prevention strategies and care paths focusing on provid-ing adequate care to AIP SV victims in Belgium. Methods: Quantitative data from structured interviews with AIPs (n=62) triangulated with qualitative data from in-depth interviews with AIP SV victims (n=11) served to explore the nature and im-pact of SV in AIPs in Belgium and their HSB. Results: 83.9% of respondents have experienced SV. 61.3% were victimized with-in the past year. Victimization seems more gender balanced than in the general population. AIPs link SV to their legal status and their associated vulnerable situation. HSB upon SV was very limited in this sample. Help-seeking barriers interfering with the decision-making process to consult (in)formal resources were identified. Conclusions: AIPs in Belgium are at high risk of SV. Despite the impact of SV on AIPs’ lives, HSB upon SV is rare. Providing age-appropriate sexual education and developing policies decreasing help-seeking barriers, are needed.
Experience of social mobility and support for redistribution: Beating the odds or blaming the system?
Authors: Weber Nina Sophie
Published: September 2021

How does the experience of social mobility affect people's distributive preferences? Using cross-country survey data and a survey experiment, I examine the effects of experienced social mobility on support for redistribution. The results indicate an asymmetric relationship - experiencing downward mobility increases support for redistribution while experiencing upward mobility does not affect distributive preferences. In line with a common attribution bias, the self-serving bias, those with negative mobility experiences 'blame the system' and extrapolate from their negative experience onto society at large, which increases their demand for redistribution. Conversely, those who experienced positive mobility believe they `beat the odds' and do not extrapolate from their experience onto perceptions of societal mobility, leading to no less support for redistribution. This finding suggests significant implications at the aggregate and a potential demand-side explanation for the Great Gatsby Curve: As overall absolute mobility decreases (increases), ceteris paribus, demand for redistribution also decreases (increases).
The music of Northern Myanmar Kachin ethnic group, facing politics, religion, and globalization
Authors: Bader Rolf
Published: September 2021

The music of the very remote regions in northern Myanmar reflects the change from tradition to modernization, political conflicts with the central government in a civil war raging since 1962, conflicts between ethnic groups in this region, and cultural exchange with neighboring China as well as India. The region furthermore experiences religious conflicts between Christian groups and traditional animistic beliefs and customs. Also, drug abuse, mainly among young males, is a problem. Media and the internet, formally unknown to these remote regions, were only introduced a few years ago. Now, a young generation has the possibility of international exchange, musically and in terms of travel and work. The recent political struggle in Myanmar is also strongly present in this region, where traditionally subsistence farming is practiced with very little state interference. This paper discusses musical features, instruments, dance, and identities, summarizing several field trips into the region over the last ten years. It uses recordings and interviews with various ethnic groups, mainly in Myitkyina and Pota-O region, reporting old music traditions vanishing or modernizing. Political, religious, or ritualistic relations to music and music transfer to China, Malaysia, or the global network are discussed.
A Qualitative Investigation of Executive Function in Externally Paced Sports within “the Structure and Chaos of the Game”
Authors: Doucette Madeline , Rhodes Ryan E. , Garcia-Barrera Mauricio
Published: September 2021

Introduction: While previous quantitative research has determined that executive function is malleable to sport participation, executive functioning in sport has not yet been investigated qualitatively in elite university athletes' sport experiences. Understanding the executive processes used in sports from an athletes ' perspective is vital to create more pertinent assessments as well as to provide accessible, athlete-focused language to describe executive function in sport. Therefore, our study had the following research question: 'What is the role of executive function in elite EP sports athletes' sport experiences?'. Methods: 19 Canadian U-Sports athletes (ages 18 – 25; 37% female) were recruited through emailing coaches and social media. The participants completed semi-structured interviews via Zoom with a focus on identifying their executive function processes in sport. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the interview transcripts. Results: We generated three themes: 1) Engaging in pre-play or pre-game planning, organization and decision making, 2) Engaging in mid-play problem solving and purposive action and 3) Engaging in post-play or post-game information processing, emotional control and effective performance. Conclusions: Our study determined that the executive functions athletes use are dependent on their involvement in the play and the point of the game (pre-, mid- or post-). The three themes demonstrate that throughout different moments of the game, the athletes engage in several executive functions such as planning (pre-), problem-solving (mid-), and self-monitoring (post-). These findings offer a unique contribution to our understanding of athletes’ executive function in sport and have important implications for sports psychologists and related professionals assessing and explaining executive function to athletes in the future.
Legal hunting for conservation of highly threatened species: The case of African rhinos
Authors: ’t Sas-Rolfes Michael , Emslie Richard , Adcock Keryn , Knight Michael
Published: September 2021

Legal hunting of highly threatened species – and especially the recreational practice of ‘trophy hunting’ – is controversial with selected ethical objections being increasingly voiced. Less attention has been paid to how hunting (even of threatened species) can be useful as a conservation tool, and likely outcomes if this was stopped. As case studies, we examine the regulated legal hunting in South Africa and Namibia of two African rhino species. Counter-intuitively, removing a small number of specific males can enhance population demography and genetic diversity, encourage range expansion, and generate meaningful socio-economic benefits to help fund effective conservation (facilitated by appropriate local institutional arrangements). Legal hunting of these species has been sustainable, as very small proportions of the populations of both species are hunted each year, and numbers of both today are higher in these countries than when controlled recreational hunting began. Terminating this management option and funding source could have negative consequences at a time when rhinos are being increasingly viewed as liabilities and COVID-19 has significantly impacted revenue generation for wildlife areas. Provided that there is appropriate governance and management, conservation of certain highly threatened species can be supported by cautiously selective and limited legal hunting.
Digital Technologies, Dysfunctional Movement-Party Dynamics and the Threat to Democracy
Authors: Rohlinger Deana
Published: September 2021

On January 6, 2021, the world watched as Donald Trump’s supporters stormed the US Capitol. However, in this paper, I argue that social scientists should not simply focus on Trump or the Republicans who have supported his false claims that the presidency was stolen from him. Instead, researchers need to leverage the insights provided by sociology, political science and information studies and communication to unpack the increasingly dysfunctional movement-party dynamics in the U.S., which not only made the January 6th riots possible but continue to erode democratic processes. Here, I outline four developments over the last thirty years that help account for the contemporary political moment and underscore the role of digital technologies in these developments.
Treatment Effects in Strategic Management: With an Application to Choosing Early Stage Venture Capital
Authors: Guzman Jorge
Published: September 2021

This paper uses the Rubin Causal Model to formalize the treatment effects of a firm choice on its performance. Building from Porter, a firm choice can shape profitability through both strategy and operational effectiveness, but they are distinct in how they do so. The strategic treatment effect is the benefit that is predictable from a firm's characteristics (i.e., resources) and their joint configuration. The strategic determinant function is a mapping of resources to treatment effects, and the role of resource interactions in it determines the importance of coherence for a strategy. Under unconfoundedness, the strategic treatment effect, strategic determinant function, and coherence can be estimated in high-dimensional observational data using machine learning. I present an application estimating the gains from choosing venture capital as early stage financing versus other forms of capital. The results highlight the advantage of considering strategic benefits in this choice. For equity outcomes, there is no average treatment effect of early stage VC, but there is significant heterogeneity: some entrepreneurs can benefit substantially from raising early stage VC, while others be negatively affected. This heterogeneity is predictable from founder, industry and location characteristics. The estimated role of coherence in this choice is moderate. The formalizations in this paper also show that several additional assumptions are required when assessing strategic benefits compared to the usual causal inference. R code to replicate these functions will be included.
GC-MS Analysis and Antibacterial Activity of different Solvent Extracts of Shuteria involucrata
Authors: N Senthamizh Selvan , Isaiah S
Published: September 2021

The present study was focused to examine the presence of phytoconstituents in the ethanolic extract of Shuteria involucrata plant using GC-MS analysis and Antibacterial activity. The GC-MS analysis of S. involucrata leaf was performed using Agilent 6890-JEOL GC-Mate-II Mass Spectrometer. The result of the study showed the presence of six bioactive compounds in the ethanolic extract. The antimicrobial activity was carried out by disc diffusion technique against the four selected pathogens. Among the four, tested for Antibacterial Activity Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and were more susceptible to the extract, whereas the others are less susceptible. Ethanol and methanol extracts of plant materials exhibited good antibacterial activity against gram positive, gram negative bacterias.
Evaluation of antioxidant activity of some wild edible fruits collected from Boda and Kolli hills
Authors: Anand SP , Deborah S , Velmurugan G
Published: September 2021

Free radicals or highly reactive oxygen species are capable of inducing oxidative damage to human body. Antioxidants are the compounds which terminate the attack of reactive species and reduce the risk of diseases; hence natural antioxidants have significant importance in human health. The present study is to evaluate the invitro antioxidant activities of Catunaregam spinosa, Diospyros ferrea, Murraya koenigii, Tarenna asiatica and Zizyphus oenoplia fruit extracts from different solvents such as aqueous, chloroform and ethanol. The wild edible fruits collected from Boda and Kolli hills, eastern ghats, Tamil Nadu, India. The antioxidant activity of these five edible fruits was evaluated by measuring DPPH, RPA, SO, NO, HO, H2O2, FRAP assay. The antioxidant compounds like ascorbic acid were also evaluated. Catunaregam spinosa, Diospyros ferrea, Murraya koenigii, Tarenna asiatica and Zizyphus oenoplia fruits extract exhibited significant differences in their antioxidant values. The ethanolic extract of Tarenna asiatica and Diospyros ferrea exhibited significantly higher antioxidant activity than the other extract of Catunaregam spinosa, Murraya koenigii and Zizyphus oenoplia. It can be concluded that regular use of these edible fruits, help in treating many diseases caused by free radical damage.
A review on herbal Ayurvedic medicinal plants and its association with memory functions
Authors: Avneet Gupta , Pal Singh Manish , Siddhraj Sisodia S.
Published: September 2021

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a complex, multifactorial, progressive, neurodegenerative disease mainly affecting the elder population. The impairment of central acetylcholine (ACh) neurotransmission due to neural degeneration is believed to be a principal neuropathological feature of AD. In the history Rasayana remedies widely used in Ayurveda for the management of memory impairment. Memory is a vital part of cognition. In health promotive ayurveda is gaining greater attention and popularity in various regions of the world. It is one of the renowned systems of medicine invented from Vedas. The present study is therefore focussed on discussing the various herbal ayurvedic medicinal plants and its association with memory functions.
Antiproliferative effect of aqueous bark extract of Oroxylum indicum L. on Vigna radiata L. (Green gram) seedlings
Authors: Chetry Luk Bahadur , Bharali Manuj K
Published: September 2021

The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the antiproliferative activity of aqueous bark extract of Oroxylum indicum L. on Vigna radiata L. (Green gram) seedlings. For different concentrations of plant extract (250, 500, 1000 and 2500 µg/mL) were treated in a 24 well microplate containing the Vigna radiata L. seeds (n=30) for 24, 48 and 72 hours. Colchicine (50 µg/mL) was used as standard drug. Seed germination and seedlings growth were measured. Mitotic index was calculated for the proliferation of cells. The treatment with plant extracts significantly inhibits the germination of seeds, roots and shoots growth, and reduced the mitotic index in meristem ells of Vigna radiata L. at dose and time dependent manner. Qualitative phytochemical screenings of the aqueous stem bark extract of Oroxylum indicum L. revealed the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, glycosides, saponins, phytosterols, phenolic compounds and flavonoids. Saponins were found to be in high concentration in the extract.
Ethnomedicinal survey of plants used by tribal in Lalgarh forest range, W.B., India
Authors: Manna Shyam Sundar , Mishra Satyendra Prasad
Published: September 2021

Exploration of the traditional knowledge of the indigenous people is very important for revealing the uses of plants and plant parts for medicinal purpose. Once the medicinal use of these plants is known, their active ingredients have to be identified and their efficacy has to be tested scientifically. A good number of modern medicines are now available which has been formulated taking the traditional knowledge into consideration. Besides people all over the world now shift their attention to herbal drugs because they are comparatively safer and cheaper. In these contexts, ethnomedicinal studies are of great significance. In the present paper, attempts have been made enlist the ethnomedicinal plants of Lalgarh forest range of India. The study reveals that 52 different plant species are used by the local people to cure different diseases. Out of the 52 plant species, 17 are herbs, 20 trees, 11 shrubs, and 4 are climbers. The list of plant parts, habit, mode of their use and purpose has been documented in this study.
Evaluation of antistress activity of Cassia auriculata seed extract
Authors: Nanumala Shravan Kumar , Priyanka B Varsha , Divya N , Shalini S , Singh S Sanjay , Haripriya T
Published: September 2021

Objective: The present study was designed to investigate the anti-stress activity of Cassia auriculata ethanolic seed extract in mice. Methodology: The anti-stress effect was evaluated by using Elevated plus maze (EPM), Force swimming test (FST) and Tail suspension test (TST). The ECS at a doses (250,500 and 1000 mg/kg p.o.) and standard (diazepam 2 mg/kg i.p and fluoxetine 20 mg/kg i.p) was administered. Results: The extract showed the increased in the number of entries and time spent in open arm in Elevated plus maze and decreased in the immobility time in both Force swimming test and Tail suspension test. Conclusion: The effect of ESC on animal behavior was concordant with a significant regulation of GABA and stress hormones. Therefore, this study was attempted to demonstrate the preventive potential of ECS against stress disorders at in vivo levels.
Ingredient identification and phytochemical evaluation of Shalmali kantaka cream
Authors: Verma Ritika , Kushal Anurag , Vyas Vd. HA , Harisha CR , Shukla VJ
Published: September 2021

Background: In any system of medicine the drug identification is the most essential task prior to any treatment plan. In Ayurved it has more significance as there are various plants available with similar characteristics but different mode of actions. Hence the correct identification of raw drugs becomes mandatory. Taking all these points into consideration Shalmali Kantaka Cream is selected in the present study. This formulation is not exactly mentioned anywhere in the texts but Acharya Chakradatta mentioned application of Shalmali and Payasa as Mukh kanti Vardhak lepa in kshudra Roga Adhyaya. So, the Shalmali Kantaka Cream is the modified formulation. Material & Methods: The present study was aimed at setting up a standard profile of Shalmali kantaka cream which was prepared using pharmacognostically authenticated raw drugs followed by subjecting it to detailed Pharmacognostical and physicochemical analysis as per standard protocol. Result & conclusion: The observations were systematically recorded. Pharmacognostical findings of raw drug i.e. Oil globules, Lignified fibres, stone cells, tannin content, Rossett crystals, lignified stone cell etc. Phytochemical results show that loss on drying was 0.84% w/w, Iodine value 42.34. HPTLC result shows 12 spots at 254 nm and 8 spots at 366 nm. Study confirm the authentication of ingredients present in the finished product which support the intended action of the formulation in Twak Prasadana.
Pharmacovigilence practice for safety of medication system in India
Authors: Sahu Shobharam , Rishishwar Poonam , Rathod Chhaya
Published: September 2021

Pharmacovigilance is very essential tool to ensure the safety of drug. It provides safety to patients in case of medication. Activity of pharmacovigilance is coordinates by National pharmacovigilance center in collaboration with international regulatory authorities (WHO, The Uppsala Monitoring center). Under the aegis of Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, the Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation (CDSCO), New Delhi, has initiated a nation-wide pharmacovigilance programme, with the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi as the National Coordinating Centre (NCC) for monitoring Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR).
Response of brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) varieties for resistance against root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita race-1
Authors: Akhter Gulwaiz , Khan Tabreiz Ahmad
Published: September 2021

Thirty brinjal varieties were screened for their resistance / susceptibility to root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita race-1) infestation. Out of 30 brinjal varieties, eighteen varieties viz., Black Beauty, Brinjal 1 hybrid, Brinjal No.38, Chamak, Govinda, Green round, Nagina, Nav Kiran, Neel Kamal, Nishant, P.K-123, Prabha Kiran, Prasad, Sukhda, Surya Kiran, i9Utkal, VNR-51 and VNR-60 were highly susceptible, seven varieties (Brinjal Advance, Brinjal BSS1013, Green long, Harshit, Prapti, Shamli and Ujjwal) were susceptible, two varieties (Mahy 112 and Mahy Ruby) were tolerant, two varieties (Hybrid green and JK Kajal) were moderately resistant and only one variety Mahy 80 was resistant against Meloidogyne incognita race-1. To the best of our knowledge, Mahy 80 variety was ported to be resistant against root-knot nematode, M. incognita race-1 for the first time.
Anti-methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) activity of an acetone extract from the leaves of Canarium odontophyllum (Miq.)
Authors: Shamsuddin Nur Amira Mohd , Basri Dayang Fredalina
Published: September 2021

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a global health concern that has caused nosocomial and community infections over the past decade. The emergence of multi-drug resistant strains and limitations of present antimicrobial drugs have led to continuous search for natural products as curative agents for MRSA infections. Canarium odontophyllum Miq., locally known as dabai, has been considered an alternative phytotherapeutic treatment for MRSA. The aim of this study was to evaluate the bacteriostatic activity of an acetone extract from C. odontophyllum leaves against MRSA. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the extract against the ATCC 33591 and Mu50 strains were determined using the broth microdilution method, and a time-kill assay was employed to assess the type of bacteriostatic action of the extract against the Mu50 strain only. The MIC and MBC values of the extract against Mu50 were 312.5 µg/ml and 625 µg/ml, respectively, whereas the MIC and MBC values for ATCC 33591 were 625 µg/ml and 1,250 µg/ml, respectively, confirming the bacteriostatic effect against both MRSA strains. A time-kill assay showed that the acetone extract of C. odontophyllum leaves exhibited concentrationdependent bacteriostatic action against the Mu50 strain at 1/2× MIC, 1× MIC and 2× MIC. However, the extract was bactericidal only at the highest concentration (4× MIC) with a reduction in cell viability of more than 3 log10 within 24 hours. These findings confirm that an acetone extract from C. odontophyllum leaves inhibited growth of MRSA at low concentration and could be utilised as an alternative anti-MRSA agent in immune uncompromised hosts.
To study the Photodynamic antimicrobial activity of Henna extract and preparation of topical Gel formulation
Authors: Kulkarni Savita , Kale Vanita , Velankar Ketki
Published: September 2021

Henna, known to possess antibacterial & antifungal activities is reported to contain naphthoquinone derivatives which have potential as photodynamic agents. Current study comprises of evaluation of Photodynamic antimicrobial activity of alcoholic extract of henna, followed by preparation & evaluation of a topical gel formulation. The alcoholic extract prepared by maceration was analyzed for phytochemicals. Lawsone (2- Hydroxy-1,4 naphthoquinone) was isolated from Henna and was characterized by UV, IR & MASS to confirm its structure. The HPTLC fingerprinting of extract and quantification of lawsone in extract and fraction was carried out. The effect of light was tested on extract and fraction to assess its photosensitizing property. The antimicrobial activity of the extract was tested where one set was exposed to light and other kept in dark and zone of inhibition calculated for both sets. The yield of fraction was found to be 0.5±0.1% w/w. The quantity of lawsone in alcoholic extract & fraction was found to be 1.3 ± 0.02 % w/w and 59.57 ± 1.01 % w/w respectively. The extract is nearly 75% as active as standard Gentamicin and the activity gets 20% potentiated on exposure to light for all test samples indicating Photodynamic antimicrobial activity. The gel was evaluated for its stability with developed HPTLC method and also for physicochemical parameters. The gel containing henna extract, exhibiting good Photodynamic antifungal & antibacterial properties, was found to be stable. The current study thus has resulted in developing a potentially effective herbal topical formulation for management of skin, scalp & hair infections
Amelioration of histological changes and associated metabolic abnormalities by a combination of Morinda lucida and metformin in diabetic rats
Authors: Atanu FO , Momoh S , Ugwu CE , Ameh O , Suleiman MS
Published: September 2021

This work investigates the ability of Morinda lucida and co-administration of Morinda lucida/metformin in the control of biochemical and histological changes in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Alloxan diabetic rats were treated with 200 mg/Kg body weight of Morinda lucida leaves extract, 1 mg/Kg BW of metformin or a combination of the two treatments for 28 days. Results of the studies revealed that Morinda lucida leaves extract significantly improved lipid profile and kidney function in diabetic rats. These positive outcomes were enhanced by combined treated with Morinda lucida leaves extract and metformin. Furthermore, the calculated atherogenic index of treated animals were close to those of normal rats as opposed to diabetic rats. Similarly, histological studies showed that Morinda lucida leaves extract and metformin administered together or singly, ameliorated damages in pancreas and kidneys from alloxan diabetic rats. It can therefore be inferred that combined treatment with Morinda lucida leaves extract and merformin could improve the potency of Morinda lucida leaves used in the management of diabetic complications.
GC-MS, phytochemical analysis and in vitro antioxidant activities of leaves of Canavalia cathartica Thouars
Authors: Saraswathi K , Rajesh V , Saranya R , Arumugam P
Published: September 2021

Plants have been used for thousands of years to flavour and conserve food, to treat health disorders and to prevent diseases including epidemics. The knowledge of the anti-oxidant properties has been a promising method of assessing free radicals damage. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antioxidant activities of leaves of Canavalia cathartica and to identify the bioactive compounds by performing GC-MS analysis resulting in the presence of volatile and semi volatile compounds. The IC50 of DPPH˙ radical, ABTS˙+ radical cation, Nitric oxide radical scavenging assays were 84.03, 51.18 and 351.78µg/mL concentration respectively. Also, the IC50 of Phosphomolybdenum reduction and ferric reducing power assay were 81.53 and 87.64µg/mL concentration respectively. The results of this study portray the effective antioxidant activity of Canavalia cathartica and further studies are required to isolate the active compounds from various parts of this species and their mode of action. From the study it can be concluded that the plant might be promising as a curative for many diseases associated with free radicals.