bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of ligands on heme dimethyl ester-based hexa-coordinated complexes as oxygen-carrying carriers
Authors: Zhao Baojuan , Lan Yiman , Wang Xiaodan , Ma Yan , Li Ronghu , Cao Weizhong , Wang Xiang
Published: January 2025

Most of the previous artificial oxygen carriers realized the oxygen-carrying function through a reversible combination of penta-coordinated iron(II) porphyrin with oxygen. The other oxygen transport model, in which oxygen competes with other ligands for binding with central ions, has been rarely studied. In this study, oxygen-carrying properties of a series of hexa-coordinated complexes were investigated, with heme dimethyl ester working as an oxygen-carrying component. In addition, both oxygen uptake and the auto-oxidation rate of the hexa-coordinated complexes were also explored. The results indicate that the hexa-coordinated complexes can effectively carry oxygen, provided that there is at least one strong ligand on the fifth or sixth coordination site of the heme dimethyl ester. Promisingly, when one ligand is strong and the other ligand is weak, the hexa-coordinated complexes can exhibit highly efficient oxygen-carrying capacity. By fixing weak ligands and changing strong ligands, it was found that the coordination ability of strong ligands has a significant impact on the oxygenation curve of the system. Furthermore, the auto-oxidation rate of the hexa-coordinated complexes of heme dimethyl ester is related to the hydrophobicity of the fifth and sixth ligands. The longer the hydrophobic chain of the ligand, the slower the auto-oxidation rate. Consequently, the oxygen-binding mode of this heme derivative has the potential to be an effective oxygen carrier.
Comparative Analysis of Linear and Circular Cut Geometry in WEDM Process of Inconel 825 Material Using Parametric Optimization
Authors: Tripathi Shiv Prakash , Singh Dhirendra Kumar , Jayswal Suresh Chand
Published: January 2025

A non-traditional machining method based on thermal energy, wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) can precisely machine conductive materials. In addition to the cost of slot cuts, process parameters are important since they vary depending on the material properties. Hence, it is necessary to employ an appropriate technique to regulate the process parameters and ensure the desired quality of the slot cut. This study involved using WEDM to machine Inconel-825. The experiment used a Taguchi [Formula: see text] orthogonal array (OA) for maximum cutting rate and minimum surface roughness (SR). Peak current (I), spark on time ([Formula: see text]), and spark off time ([Formula: see text]), which are WEDM process parameters, were considered. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and ANOM identified the significant contribution of cutting rate and SR in terms of WEDM parameters. A MOORA-PCA analysis was conducted to determine the optimum parameter settings. The OA results showed that the best values were at I (5[Formula: see text]A), [Formula: see text] (50[Formula: see text]ms), and [Formula: see text] (8[Formula: see text]ms), with an assessment value of 0.9935 and 1.0558 for linear and circular cut, respectively. The best outcomes from the MOORA-PCA optimization procedures were compared to the experimental outcome, and an improvement of 22.5643% and 17.7085% in linear and circular cuts were found, respectively. Optimizing WEDM parametrically utilizing a commercially available Inconel 825 machining technique based on MOORA-PCA MCDM is feasible.
Improvement Strategy Making in Sustainable Developmental Goal for Climate Action by Fuzzy Vertex Covering of Fuzzy Graphs
Authors: Bhattacharya Anushree , Muhiuddin Ghulam , Alsubie Tami , Al-Kadi Deena , Pal Madhumangal
Published: January 2025

The new definition of a fuzzy vertex cover of a fuzzy graph depending on the fuzzy covering radius is introduced in this paper. A fuzzy covering problem for a fuzzy network in modification of the fuzzy covering radius as per requirement is considered and solved in an optimization sense. The covering problem is customized with the help of a set of programming problems, and they are solved by using mathematical software “LINGO”. Two relevant algorithms are designed in this paper. Also, one of the burning issues of today’s world, “Climate Action” (one of the most important sustainable developmental goals), together with various weather parameters, is taken in the application part. The fuzzy environment for this issue of India to save our nature is modeled for making some decisions to improve the situations for this purpose, and the whole methodology reflects the importance of the applicability of our proposed model.
Examining the Geoeconomic Implications of China’s Belt and Road Initiative for US Preeminence in the Horn of Africa
Authors: Woldearegay Tewodros , Erbeto Maru Mathewos , Jima Dereje Fikre , Worku Solomon Nigussie
Published: January 2025

Focusing on the US–China rivalry in the Horn of Africa (HoA), this study investigates the geoeconomic implications of China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) on long-standing US preeminence, using offensive realism as a theoretical lens. Based on an in-depth literature review and using a qualitative research approach, the authors examine Beijing’s growing geoeconomic engagement with the HoA and its consequences for great power competition on the African continent. It examines the strengths and weaknesses of President Biden’s Build Back Better World (B3W), a development initiative designed to counter China’s BRI economic influence on the HoA. The study concludes that both the BRI and B3W initiatives and their implementation strategies demonstrate that both Beijing and Washington have strong national interests in the HoA regions, resulting in fierce geopolitical competition.
AI vs. Humans for Online Support: Comparing the Language of Responses from LLMs and Online Communities of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Saha Koustuv , Jain Yoshee , Liu Chunyu , Kaliappan Sidharth , Karkar Ravi
Published: January 2025

AI chatbots are increasingly integrated into various sectors, including healthcare. We examine their role in responding to queries related to Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias (AD/ADRD). We obtained real-world queries from AD/ADRD online communities (OC)—Reddit (r/Alzheimers) and ALZConnected. First, we conducted a small-scale qualitative examination where we prompted ChatGPT, Bard, and Llama-2 with 101 OC posts to generate responses and compared them with OC responses through inductive coding and thematic analysis. We found that although AI can provide emotional and informational support like OCs, they do not engage in deeper conversations, provide references, and share personal experiences. These insights motivated us to conduct a large-scale quantitative examination of comparing AI (GPT) and OC responses (90K) to 13.5K posts, in terms of psycholinguistics, lexico-semantics, and content. AI responses tend to be more verbose, readable, and complex. AI responses exhibited greater empathy, but more formal and analytical language, lacking personal narratives and linguistic diversity. We found that various LLMs, including GPT, Llama, and Mistral, exhibit consistent patterns in responding to AD/ADRD-related queries, underscoring the robustness of our insights across LLMs. Our study sheds light on the potential of AI in digital health and underscores design considerations of AI to complement human interactions.
A Survey of Heuristics for Profile and Wavefront Reductions
Authors: Gonzaga de Oliveira Sanderson L.
Published: January 2025

This article surveys heuristic methods for profile and wavefront reductions. These graph layout problems represent a challenge for optimization methods and heuristics especially. The article presents the graph layout problems with their formal definition. It provides an ample perspective of techniques for designing heuristic methods for these graph layout problems but concentrates on the approaches and methodologies that yield high-quality solutions. Thus, this work references the most relevant studies in the associated literature and discusses the current state-of-the-art heuristics for these graph layout problems.
Efficacy of a hands-free vascular ultrasound probe holder in active and inactive limbs during cycling exercise
Authors: Cohen Jeremy N. , Sole Rebecca T. , Zafiris Eudoxia , Au Jason S.
Published: January 2025

This study explores an ultrasound probe holder (PFD) for measuring blood flow during exercise, addressing the limitations of traditional methods. We compared PFD imaging with manual scanning in capturing artery diameter and blood velocity during cycling exercise. Results showed that the PFD matched trained sonographer accuracy at rest and outperformed them in capturing blood velocity during exercise in the inactive limb but not active limb. We highlight the PFD’s potential impact in vascular physiology research.
Integrated analysis of methylome and transcriptome responses to exercise training in children with overweight/obesity
Authors: Plaza-Florido Abel , Anguita-Ruiz Augusto , Esteban Francisco J. , Aguilera Concepción M. , Labayen Idoia , Reitzner Stefan Markus , Sundberg Carl Johan , Radom-Aizik Shlomit , Ortega Francisco B. , Altmäe Signe
Published: January 2025

This study pioneers the exploration into the effects of exercise on whole blood genome-wide DNA methylation patterns and its association with changes in transcriptome profiles in children with overweight/obesity. Exercise potentially impacts molecular pathways involved in metabolism and immune functions in children with overweight/obesity (sex-specific responses) through the modification of epigenetic and transcriptomic profiles. Our preliminary results provide initial steps to understand better the molecular mechanisms underlying cardiometabolic benefits of exercise in children with overweight/obesity.
Integrative Analysis of PPAR and Immune Pathways in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Constructing a Prognostic Risk Model Using TCGA Data
Authors: Li Jiao , Chen Yang , Cao Lei
Published: January 2025

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer‐related mortality worldwide, with its pathogenesis intricately linked to metabolic and immune dysregulation. This study aims to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underpinning HCC by analyzing metabolic and immune‐related pathways and constructing a prognostic risk model.

Methods: We utilized data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to analyze genomic and clinical characteristics of HCC. Techniques such as single‐sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA), weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA), and gene set variation analysis (GSVA) were employed to explore the interplay between metabolic pathways, immune responses, and HCC progression. In addition, a prognostic risk model was developed using univariate Cox regression and LASSO regression analysis based on PPAR signaling and immune‐related genes.

Results: Our ssGSEA results indicated a significant involvement of metabolism‐related pathways in HCC. The WGCNA identified key immune‐related genes, with particular modules correlating with macrophage activity. The prognostic model, comprising five key genes, effectively stratified patients into low‐ and high‐risk groups, with implications for overall survival (OS). Further analyses revealed the model’s correlation with clinical characteristics and immune‐related indexes, suggesting its utility in predicting HCC progression.

Conclusion: This study provides a comprehensive molecular portrait of HCC, emphasizing the role of metabolic reprogramming and immune responses. The prognostic model offers potential for personalized therapeutic strategies and improved clinical outcomes. Future research should focus on validating these findings and exploring the therapeutic potential of targeting metabolic and immune pathways in HCC.
MTPA With Pseudo‐FOC Strategy–Based BLDC for Minimization of Copper Loss and Torque Ripple
Authors: Singh R. Raja , Kalel Dattatraya Dilip , Stonier Albert Alexander , Peter Geno , Stephen Valantina , Arun Vijayakumar , Ganji Vivekananda
Published: January 2025

Brushless DC (BLDC) motor drives are extensively preferred in the automotive industry for their high torque‐to‐weight ratio. In conventional BLDC drives, the torque ripples are high due to 120° conduction mode operation and nonideal back EMF. To minimize the torque ripple in BLDC drives, a flux trajectory is employed based on the extension Park transformation d‐q axis frame. This article introduces a control scheme for BLDC drives that integrate maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) with pseudo–field‐oriented control (FOC). This approach gets an optimal reference d‐axis current () that optimize the current magnitude ) and minimize copper loss. Furthermore, the 180o conduction mode is used to minimize the torque ripple and provide high dynamic performance of drives. The efficacy of the proposed MTPA‐based pseudo‐FOC strategy is experimentally validated by employing a 0.75‐kW BLDC motor drive using real‐time interface controller dSPACE 1202 and Danfoss VLT 302 converter.
Long‐Term Results of Minimally Invasive Mitral Valvuloplasty: Insights From a 12‐Year Single‐Center Experience
Authors: Aichi Chiaki , Tamaki Mototsugu , Imamura Yusuke , Fukumoto Yuichiro , Kitamura Hideki
Published: January 2025

Purpose: The safety and long‐term durability of minimally invasive mitral valvuloplasty (MIMVP) remain controversial. This study aimed to compare the perioperative and long‐term outcomes of minimally invasive mitral valve surgery (MIMVS) and conventional sternotomy.

Methods: This study included 476 patients who underwent mitral valve surgeries at our institution between January 2011 and December 2023. Patients were classified according to whether they underwent sternotomy: the nonsternotomy (NS: 271 cases) and sternotomy (S: 205 cases) groups. Perioperative and long‐term outcomes were compared between the two groups.

Results: The NS group had a lower preoperative age and EuroScore II. In the S group, the left ventricular ejection fraction was lower, while the left ventricular end‐systolic diameter and left atrial diameter were larger. Operative time, cardiopulmonary bypass time, and aortic cross‐clamp time were longer in the NS group. Postoperative atrial fibrillation, more transfusion, and increased length of hospital stay were more frequent in the S group. The 10‐year freedom from reoperation and 10‐year survival rates in the NS and S groups were 98.1% vs. 93.6% (p = 0.07) and 94.8% vs. 86.9%, respectively (p = 0.08), with no significant differences.

Conclusion: MIMVP demonstrates noninferior perioperative and long‐term outcomes compared with conventional sternotomy.
Occupational Diseases, Job Satisfaction, and Turnover Intentions Among Head Nurses in China: A Nationwide Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Zhang Wenyu , Ma Xianzong , Xiao Qian , Ji Meihua
Published: January 2025

Objective: To systematically investigate the prevalence of occupational diseases among head nurses in China, assess their job satisfaction and turnover intentions, and identify associated factors influencing these issues.

Methods: This nationwide cross‐sectional survey was conducted between July 2016 and July 2017, involving 6672 head nurses selected from 1858 hospitals across 30 provinces. A self‐administered questionnaire collected data on demographic characteristics, occupational disease status, job satisfaction, and turnover intentions. Statistical analyses, including multivariate binary logistic regression, were performed to identify factors influencing occupational disease and turnover intentions.

Results: The majority of participants were female (98.53%) and over 41 years old (78.22%). The prevalence of occupational diseases was significant, with insomnia reported in 66.80%, musculoskeletal disorders in 47.62%, and gastrointestinal issues in 49.36%. A staggering 59.83% indicated intentions to leave their positions, primarily due to high job demands, poor nurse‐patient relationships, and dissatisfaction with income relative to work intensity. Multivariate analysis revealed that factors such as gender, age, educational level, and working experience significantly influenced occupational diseases, and factors such as age, monthly income, occupational diseases, and work intensity significantly influenced turnover intentions.

Conclusions: The findings highlighted a critical need to address the occupational health and working conditions of head nurses in China. Given the high prevalence of occupational diseases and turnover intentions, effective interventions aimed at improving job satisfaction and reducing occupational stress were essential to enhance the stability and quality of nursing care. Further qualitative investigations were recommended to gain deeper insights into these issues.
Effectiveness of Two Hospitalization Alternatives Compared to Psychiatric Admission: An Ecological Longitudinal Study
Authors: Yonatan-Leus Refael , Friedlander Avraham , Sinai Dana , Weiser Mark , Lichtenberg Pesach , Caspi Asaf , Domany Yoav , Bitan Dana Tzur
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Although community mental healthcare has been rapidly developing, hospital‐based psychiatric admissions are still highly prevalent worldwide.

Aims: In this study, we aimed to assess the long‐term effectiveness of two novel alternatives to psychiatric admission: Soteria homes and technologically assisted intensive home treatment (TAIHT) compared to hospital admission.

Method: A three‐center, open‐label, longitudinal ecological study was employed in the Sheba psychiatric wards, the Sheba TAIHT, and Soteria houses. Patients (N = 214) were measured for distress, anxiety, depression, quality of life, level of functioning, and psychotic symptoms at admission, discharge, and 3‐ and 6‐month postdischarge. A multilevel modeling (MLM) approach was utilized to assess differences in changes from pre‐ to posttreatment. Outcome measures included symptom distress (Outcome Questionnaire‐45 (OQ‐45)), anxiety and depression symptoms (Hopkins Symptoms Checklist‐11 (HSCL‐11)), psychotic symptoms (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale‐6 (PANSS‐6)), quality of life (Manchester Short Assessment of Quality of Life (MANSA)), and functioning (Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF)).

Results: Patients in the psychiatric ward demonstrated significantly greater reductions of distress compared to those treated with TAIHT (b = −5.18, p = 0.042) but showed similar levels to Soteria. Soteria exhibited significantly greater improvement of psychotic symptoms compared to TAIHT (b = −2.057, p = 0.0076) but not compared to the psychiatric ward. The psychiatric ward (b = 3.49, p = 0.0068) and Soteria (b = 5.35, p < 0.0001) both demonstrated significantly greater improvements in functioning compared to TAIHT, with no significant differences between them.

Conclusion: The findings underscore the effectiveness of psychiatric hospitalization alternatives yet call for the need to investigate further the effectiveness of technologically guided approaches to psychiatric hospitalization.

Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05431231
A Study on Radiological Evaluation According to Exposure Conditions in Mobile Radiochemistry Analysis Facilities Using Worker’s Dose Evaluation Code
Authors: Lee Minho , Lee Sangheon , Ha Woobeom , Yu Hyunjin , Song Jongsoon
Published: January 2025

The decommissioning of a nuclear power plant generates a large amount of radioactive waste that requires significant disposal costs. Consequently, it is an important factor in assessing decommissioning costs. The most effective approach to minimizing decommissioning waste is rapid classification based on radioactivity levels. However, some nuclear sites do not have their own radiochemical analysis laboratory. Even in Korea, the analysis process does not’ occur at the decommissioning site but rather at an external analysis institution to ascertain concentrations. This analysis procedure is time‐consuming and may result in cross‐contamination among radioactive wastes. Therefore, rapid analysis of decommissioning waste can reduce the amount of radioactive waste disposal and ultimately improve the economics. To address these issues, research is ongoing to develop a mobile radiochemistry laboratory. This study evaluated the radiological effects on workers as a basis for the application of mobile facilities on‐site. Worker exposure doses were assessed using computational code, considering the analysis workload in single and continuous processes under both normal and abnormal operations. The preliminary evaluation results from this prestudy confirm regulatory dose limits, and it is anticipated that future studies can be augmented with field data.
Dynamic Load Distribution of a Radially Loaded Rolling Bearing
Authors: Luo Ya , Ge Keke , Huang Yibin , Tu Wenbing
Published: January 2025

Load distribution is a very important indicator that has a great effect on bearing service performance. Unreasonable load distribution is likely to accelerate the bearing failures. The dynamic effects of the moving parts of the rolling bearing have significant influence on the load distribution. In order to study the load distribution of rolling bearings, the dynamic interaction between raceways and balls is considered in detail and a dynamic model of ball bearings subjected to radial loads is presented. The results of the proposed model are compared with those of the traditional static model and the quasi‐static model. The dynamic load coefficient and the dynamic angular extent coefficient are defined to show the characteristics of the dynamic load distribution. The effects of radial clearance, the radial load, and the rotational speed on the dynamic load distribution are studied. Through the above research, this paper concludes that the load distribution is greatly influenced by the dynamic effects of moving parts, especially under the conditions of large clearance, light load, or high speed.
Coevolution of Atypical BRAF and KRAS Mutations in Colorectal Tumorigenesis
Authors: Woolley Connor E. , Domingo Enric , Fernandez-Tajes Juan , Pennel Kathryn A.F. , Roxburgh Patricia , Edwards Joanne , Richman Susan D. , Maughan Tim S. , Kerr David J. , Soriano Ignacio , Tomlinson Ian P.M.
Published: January 2025

BRAF mutations in colorectal cancer comprise three functional classes: class 1 (V600E) with strong constitutive activation, class 2 with pathogenic kinase activity lower than that of class 1, and class 3 which paradoxically lacks kinase activity. Non–class 1 mutations associate with better prognosis, microsatellite stability, distal tumor location, and better anti-EGFR response. An analysis of 13 colorectal cancer cohorts (n = 6,605 tumors) compared class 1 (n = 709, 10.7% of colorectal cancers), class 2 (n = 31, 0.47%), and class 3 (n = 81, 1.22%) mutations. Class 2–mutant and class 3–mutant colorectal cancers frequently co-occurred with additional Ras pathway mutations (29.0% and 45.7%, respectively, vs. 2.40% in class 1; P < 0.001), often at atypical sites (KRAS noncodon 12/13/61, NRAS, or NF1). Ras pathway activation was highest in class 1 and lowest in class 3, with a greater distal expression of EGFR ligands (amphiregulin/epiregulin) supporting weaker BRAF driver mutations. Unlike class 1 mutants, class 3 tumors resembled chromosomally unstable colorectal cancers in mutation burdens, signatures, driver mutations, and transcriptional subtypes, whereas class 2 mutants displayed intermediate characteristics. Atypical BRAF mutations were associated with longer overall survival than class 1 mutations (HR = 0.25; P = 0.011) but lost this advantage in cancers with additional Ras mutations (HR = 0.94; P = 0.86). This study supports the suggestion that class 3 BRAF mutations amplify existing Ras signaling in a two-mutation model and that the enhancement of weak/atypical Ras mutations may suffice for tumorigenesis, with potentially clinically important heterogeneity in the class 2/3 subgroup.

Implications: The heterogeneous nature of BRAF-mutant colorectal cancers, particularly among class 2/3 mutations which frequently harbor additional Ras mutations, highlights the necessity of comprehensive molecular profiling.
Supplementary Figure S3 from Missense Mutant p53 Transactivates Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling in Neighboring p53-Destabilized Cells through the COX-2/PGE2 Pathway
Authors: Nakayama Mizuho , Saito Hiroshi , Murakami Kazuhiro , Oshima Hiroko , Oshima Masanobu
Published: January 2025

TOPFLash analysis in COX-2 or EP2/EP4 inhibitor-treated AKTP R270H cells
Supplementary Figure S2 from Missense Mutant p53 Transactivates Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling in Neighboring p53-Destabilized Cells through the COX-2/PGE2 Pathway
Authors: Nakayama Mizuho , Saito Hiroshi , Murakami Kazuhiro , Oshima Hiroko , Oshima Masanobu
Published: January 2025

IPA results for AKTP R270 vs AKTP Null cells
Figure 2 from Missense Mutant p53 Transactivates Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling in Neighboring p53-Destabilized Cells through the COX-2/PGE2 Pathway
Authors: Nakayama Mizuho , Saito Hiroshi , Murakami Kazuhiro , Oshima Hiroko , Oshima Masanobu
Published: January 2025

Heterogeneity of p53 and β-catenin stabilization in tumor cells. A, Representative photographs of IHC for p53 of human colon cancer (left) and AKTPR270H liver metastatic tumor (right). Insets show enlarged images. Arrowheads indicate p53-negative (destabilized) tumor cells. Bars, 100 μm. B, Ratio of p53-positive (+) cells in primary and metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC; squares) and AKTPR270H liver metastatic tumors of two independent lines (circles). Each dot indicates the results of the independent microscopic fields. C, Representative photographs of fluorescence IHC for p53 (green, left), β-catenin (red, center), and merged images (right) of AKTPR270H liver metastasis (top) and human colon cancer (bottom) Insets show enlarged images. Arrowheads and arrows indicate double-positive and single-positive cells, respectively. Asterisks indicate double-negative cells. Bars, 100 μm. D, Relative proportions (%) of p53-positive, β-catenin–positive, and double-negative cells in the liver metastasis of AKTPR270H cells (left), AKTPNull cells (right), and human colorectal cancer (center) are shown as bar graphs. Three biologically independent data for each are shown.
Mitigated Clinical Course of Crescentic Glomerulonephritis with Positive Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Antibodies in a 14-Year-Old Girl
Authors: Van Der Meulen Noortje M. , Oosterveld Michiel J.S. , Quaak Marjolijn S.W. , van Leeuwen Ester M.M. , Roelofs Joris J.T.H. , Westland Rik
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) glomerulonephritis is associated with severe kidney failure and high morbidity and is exceedingly rare in children. The few pediatric studies published about this condition report dependency of kidney replacement therapy at presentation and partial or complete response in kidney function in a minority of cases. Case Presentation: We describe the case of a 14-year-old girl with crescentic glomerulonephritis based on double positive anti-GBM and myeloperoxidase-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies with a mitigated clinical course presenting with fatigue, anemia, and an estimated glomerular filtration rate range between 34 and 42 mL/min/1.73 m2. Response to treatment with daily therapeutic plasma exchanges, corticosteroids, and oral cyclophosphamide was prompt. Conclusion: This ultrarare presentation highlights the need to consider determining anti-GBM antibodies and/or obtaining a kidney biopsy even in children with less severe presentations of unexplained glomerulonephritis and underlines the clinical treatment dilemma in this disease for children due to the potential long-term sequelae.
Evaluation of Peer Review of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Operator Performance
Authors: Doll Jacob A. , Hebbe Annika L. , Simons Carol E. , Stein Elliot J. , Eisenbarth Stephan , Waldo Stephen W. , Rao Sunil V. , Au David H.
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND:

Case-based peer review of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is used by many hospitals for quality improvement and to make decisions regarding physician competency. However, there are no studies testing the reliability or validity of peer review for PCI performance evaluation.

METHODS:

We recruited interventional cardiologists from 12 Veterans Affairs Health System facilities throughout the United States to provide PCI cases for review. Ten reviewers performed blinded reviews such that each case was reviewed twice. Cases were rated on a scale of 1 to 5 (with 5 being the best) for 6 care domains (Appropriateness, Lesion Suitability, Strategy, Technical Performance, Outcome, and Documentation) with a summary performance score calculated as the average of all domains. Separately, reviewers determined whether the standard of care was met. Interobserver reliability of the summary performance score was calculated using interclass correlation coefficient. We examined procedural complications and 30-day mortality and major adverse cardiac events for all PCIs performed by these operators from 2019 to 2022 when stratified in tertiles by summary performance score.

RESULTS:

Of the 65 cases provided by 13 operators, the mean summary performance score was 3.90 (SD=0.78) out of 5. The interclass correlation coefficient was 0.53, indicating moderate interobserver reliability. For 19 cases (29.2%), 1 reviewer indicated that the performance did not meet the standard of care; however, the second reviewer disagreed in all these cases. Average performance scores ranged from 3.35 to 4.38. Among the 3390 PCIs performed by reviewed cardiologists from 2019 to 2022, the lowest-rated tertile had higher rates of complications (2.9% versus 1.8%,
P
<0.01) and major adverse cardiac events (10.6% versus 8.0%,
P
<0.01) compared with the highest-rated tertile.

CONCLUSIONS:

Case-based peer review identifies variation in physician performance that is correlated with PCI outcomes. However, reviewer disagreements about the standard of care raise concerns about the use of peer review for high-stakes assessments of physician competency.
Whale-Stranding Images Produced by Artists of the North Sea Countries Between 1563–1848
Authors: Westerlaken Rodney , Mustika Putu Liza
Published: January 2025

As in the present, whale-stranding events in the past have received their own shares of fear and curiosity, as shown by various whale-stranding images (i.e., paintings, etchings, and engravings) produced by artists from countries bordering the North Sea. However, production of these images was not equal among these countries or regions. We catalogued the North Sea regions that produced whale-stranding images between 1500–1900. Possible factors contributing to some countries producing more whale-stranding images than others are examined, and the images’ evolution is assessed. A qualitative anthropological thematic analysis of the images shows that themes shifted over time. Religion, fear or repulsion, public curiosity, spectacles, and scientific inquiries are dominant themes found within the images.
A Survey on Inter-animal Welfare Comparisons
Authors: Bruers Stijn
Published: January 2025

According to a survey among a representative sample of the Belgian population, most people believe that farmed animals like chickens have the same capacity for suffering as humans, and that most farmed land animals (broiler chickens) have negative welfare levels (i.e., experience more suffering than happiness). The suffering of a farmed land animal, estimated by people, is equal in size to the positive welfare of a human (in Belgium) whereas the welfare level of a wild bird is zero on average. As there are more farmed animals than humans in the world, and the populations of small farmed animals (chickens, fish, shrimp and insects) are increasing, most people would have to come to the conclusion that net global welfare (of humans, farmed animals and wild animals combined) is negative and declining. People who care about global welfare should therefore strongly prioritize decreasing animal farming and improving farmed animal welfare conditions.
A Multifrequency Spaceborne Radar Perspective of Deep Convection
Authors: Chase Randy J. , Dolan Brenda , Rasmussen Kristen L. , Schulte Richard M. , Stephens Graeme , Turk F. Joe , van den Heever Susan C.
Published: January 2025

Global numerical weather models are starting to resolve atmospheric moist convection which comes with a critical need for observational constraints. One avenue for such constraints is spaceborne radar which tends to operate at three wavelengths, Ku, Ka, and W bands. Many studies of deep convection in the past have primarily leveraged the Ku band because it is less affected by attenuation and multiple scattering. However, future spaceborne radar missions might not contain a Ku-band radar, and thus, considering the view of convection from the Ka band or W band compared to the Ku band would be useful. This study examines a coincident dataset between the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission and CloudSat as well as the entire GPM record to compare convective characteristics across various wavelengths within deep convection. We find that W-band reflectivity Z tends to maximize near the Ku-band defined echo top, while the Ka band often maximizes 4–5 km below. The height of the maximum Z above the melting level for the W band does not linearly relate to the Ku-band maximum. However, using the full GPM record, the Ka-band 30-dBZ echo tops can be linearly related to the Ku-band 40-dBZ echo top with an R2 of 0.62 and a root-mean-squared error of about 1 km. The spatial distribution of echo tops from the Ka band corresponds well to the Ku-band echo tops, highlighting regions of relatively large ice water path. This paper suggests that Ka-band only missions, like NASA’s Investigation of Convective Updrafts, should be able to characterize global convection in a similar manner to a Ku-band system.

Significance Statement

There has been a long history of studying global storms using a Ku-band (2 cm, 13 GHz) spaceborne radar, most likely because of the least number of challenges (e.g., loss of signal) at the Ku band compared to the Ka band (8 mm, 35 GHz) and W band (3 mm, 89 GHz). However, each radar system offers different perspectives on hydrometeor profiles observed in deep convection that have remained largely unexplored, perspectives that provide insights into convective storm systems. Therefore, it is useful to know how storms measured at the Ka band and W band compare to storms measured at the Ku band. We find that many of the Ka-band convective properties can be linearly related to the Ku band, and thus, the Ka-band only mission designs should be suitable for studying convective storms.
Impact of Structural Barriers on Undocumented Migrants at Risk of Chagas Disease in Switzerland: A Double Burden of Neglect
Authors: Rapp Elise
Published: January 2025

Chagas disease, a major public health concern in Latin America, has become a global public health challenge. Switzerland is considered an example in providing healthcare access to migrants, however, Chagas disease remains largely underdiagnosed in the estimated three to four thousand Latin American migrants infected. This paper discusses the sociopolitical and economic factors that contribute to the neglect of Chagas disease in Switzerland. People with irregular migration status face structural constraints that hinder their access to care. The Latin American population in Switzerland, regardless of legal status, faces health inequalities due to the lack of services providing care for Chagas disease. Through a discussion of global inequalities and neoliberal markets, this paper argues that to provide migrants (regardless of their migratory status) with the optimal level of health care, Chagas disease must be considered a local public health issue, rather than an imported Latin American disease.
A metadata design for humanities research data based on semantic structure of research literature
Authors: An Byoung-Goon
Published: January 2025

In order to enhance the comprehensibility and reusability of research data, this study proposes a method that links the semantic structure of research papers with research data metadata, providing insights into the production process and research data context. The research entails the development of a metadata schema based on the semantic structure of humanities research papers. This schema was constructed by aligning ‘metadata based on the semantic structure of research papers’ with ‘metadata derived from research data repositories’ and organising them into a hierarchical structure. Subsequently, an expert evaluation was conducted to assess each metadata element and schema, leading to the refinement of the metadata schema based on expert feedback. The finalised schema encompasses 17 elements in the ‘research paper’ class, 29 in the ‘research data dataset’ class, and 5 in the ‘research data file’ class.
The interdisciplinary nature of AI and human resource management: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Abu Orabi Tareq , Alahewat Abeer Madi Mohammad , Abualfalayeh Ghaith , Samara Husni Hasan
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND:

This study investigates the evolving relationship between artificial intelligence [AI] and human resource management [HRM] over the past two decades through a comprehensive analysis of 392 articles published between 2012 and 2023.

OBJECTIVE:

The study aims to provide a systematic understanding of this relationship by employing a rigorous three-stage methodology involving RStudio, VOSviewer, and Excel.

METHODS:

The methodology encompasses overall performance assessment, citation analysis, and network and content analysis to identify evolving research priorities, influential authors and publications, and underlying connections within the academic literature.

RESULTS:

The systematic approach reveals clusters of future research trends, including leveraging AI and big data for HRM advancements, enhancing employee engagement through machine learning, and investigating neural networks and procedural justice in HRM.

IMPLICATIONS:

This research agenda offers a roadmap for academics and HR professionals, identifying key areas for future exploration to ensure continued understanding of the dynamic interplay between AI and HRM.
Women’s economic underdevelopment in Pakistan: The intersection of gender and female labour force participation
Authors: Maqsood Huma , Che Sulaiman Nor Fatimah , Muhamad Suriyani , Akmal Binti Rohaizad Nor Aizal
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND: Women’s low economic participation in Pakistan and even lower in the formal sector is a perpetual phenomenon leading to their underdevelopment, which has microeconomic and macroeconomic implications. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the nature of women’s work and the intersection of their non-market and market activities at micro, meso, and macro levels which influences women’s chances and choices of decent economic participation.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the interdependence of women’s market and non-market work to explore how gender intersects with their economic autonomy.

METHODS: Using qualitative approach, in-depth interviews of 30 purposely selected respondents from the informal sector were thematically analysed.

RESULTS: Results indicated that the interdependence of women’s non-market and market work is the outcome of the gendered dichotomy that creates work-life conflict to create women’s economic dependence and male hegemony. Moreover, although a common phenomenon, women from underprivileged backgrounds are more likely to bear the brunt of systemic deprivation leading to economic underdevelopment.

CONCLUSIONS: Pakistan’s inherently masculinised society and economy mutually benefit from women’s unpaid and informal work. Facilitated through gender norms, the patriarchal social ideology and the capitalist economic system collaborate to exploit women and their work in both domains.
Does work experience matter when training teachers to deal with school disengagement?
Authors: Rassameethes Bordin , Phusavat Kongkiti , Pastuszak Zbigniew
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

Traditionally, teachers with less work experience receive more training in non-academic areas such as school disengagement. This circumstance affects a school’s readiness when attempting to create a student-focused environment. Teachers need to have a consistent approach when dealing with disengaged students.

OBJECTIVE

The study examines the relationship between work experience on the decision relating to in-service training needs to cope with school disengagement. This study focuses on the schools from Bangkok Metropolitan Administration.

METHODS

The method consists of several steps. The first step is to identify a general set of non-academic training needs. The next step is to distribute the survey to teachers. Finally, statistical analysis is applied to examine the impacts from work experience.

RESULTS

Based on the surveys completed by 147 teachers who are categorized into four work-experience groups. The findings show that work experience does not affect the decisions regarding training needs. Thus, younger as well as older teachers alike should be provided with similar training programs to deal disengaged students.

CONCLUSIONS

Work experience should not be used as a criterion when selecting teachers when providing in-service training for non-academic areas. Consistent practice by teachers is needed when creating a student-focused environment.
Mapping the green human resource management practices: A systematic scoping review and its implications for employees’ well-being
Authors: Kamboj Jyoti , A Eronimus
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND: Human Resource Management (HRM) has emerged as a crucial facet of organizational success, particularly in balancing profitability and environmental sustainability. The growing environmental concerns are reshaping HRM, giving rise to Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) practices. However, there is a critical need to understand the evolution and impact of GHRM.

OBJECTIVE: This literature review explores the role of GHRM in fostering sustainable practices, employee well-being, and engagement within organizations. It aims to provide the groundwork for future research.

METHODS: This study examined 204 selected journal articles from Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar following PRISMA guidelines. The article underwent rigorous screening, data extraction, and analysis using NVivo 14 software.

RESULTS: The literature review explored the theoretical underpinnings of GHRM practices. Scoping review provided insights into the depth of available literature, mapping revealed research gaps and thematic clusters. However, systematic review highlights GHRM’s role in organisational sustainability and employee well-being.

CONCLUSIONS: GHRM emerges as a crucial factor in fostering environmental capabilities and steering the transition from traditional HR practices to eco-friendly approaches, paving the way for new paradigms. Moreover, practitioners must extend their considerations beyond routine organizational HR practices to enhance sustainable HR practices and employees’ well-being.
The mediating role of job satisfaction and competitive advantage between quality management practices and sustainable performance: Case of hospitals in Guangxi, China
Authors: Quan Jieru , Khan Muhammad Shahid
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

Ensuring medical quality and safety is the perpetual focus of healthcare management. Hospitals must prioritize quality management for sustainable growth. However, the complexity of quality management in hospitals, coupled with evolving practices, presents challenges. Achieving the integration of economic, environmental, and social benefits for high-quality development remains difficult. While quality management practices are acknowledged as strategic tools, their impact on job satisfaction, competitive advantage, and sustainable performance is not yet fully understood.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this research was to empirically demonstrate the relationship between quality management practices, job satisfaction, competitive advantage, and sustainable performance.

METHODS

The study uses a quantitative research method. A questionnaire survey was conducted in Guangxi, China, among 171 quality management executives in secondary and tertiary hospitals, and the proposed research model was validated using PLS-SEM.

RESULTS

The results showed that quality management practices have positive direct and indirect effects on sustainable performance, confirming the partial mediating role of job satisfaction, and competitive advantage in the relationship between quality management practices and sustainable performance.

CONCLUSIONS

This study addresses a gap in quality management literature by exploring the relationship between quality management practices, job satisfaction, competitive advantage, and sustainable performance. Findings reveal that higher implementation of quality management practices correlates with increased job satisfaction, stronger competitive advantage, and enhanced sustainable performance in hospitals. These results suggest that implementing quality management practices can boost job satisfaction, enhance competitive advantage, and promote sustainable performance, offering valuable insights for hospital leaders.
Striking the balance: Exploring the impact of work-life balance on workplace well-being with the mediating influence of job embeddedness
Authors: Nunes Pedro , Rodrigues Rosa
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

The reconciliation of professional and family life has been growing in importance in recent years, and although progress has been made, there is still much to be done. It is crucial to understand the extent to which the individual’s attachment to the organization contributes to identifying the mechanisms related to work-lifebalance (WLB) and workplace well-being.This study highlights the need for a more in-depth and comprehensive investigation into the determinants of workplace well-being and the development of effective strategies to promote it.

OBJECTIVE

Analyze the mediating role of job embeddedness in the relationship between WLB and workplace well-being.

METHODS

Quantitative methodology grounded in a hypothetical-deductive perspective. Data was gathered through the use of well-being, job embeddedness, and WLB as measuring elements.The sample included 243 participants employed in the public and private sectors.This is a cross-sectional study in which data were collected through a questionnaire survey administered to a convenience sample.

RESULTS

Well-being in the workplace is positively influenced by WLB and job embeddedness. With the inclusion of the mediating variable in the model, WLB tends to decrease. The indirect effect of job embeddedness on the relationship between WLB and workplace well-being is significant, indicating the existence of partial mediation.

CONCLUSIONS

It is important to promote WLB and strengthen the connection between employees and their work roles, because only through this is it possible to promote lasting and sustainable well-being within the context of work as well as a real engagement of workers.