bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El demonio de las brujas y la Inquisición de México: María Valenzuela, Felipa de Santiago de Canchola, la mulata María y María de Angulo
Authors: Ciaramitaro Fernando
Published: March 2022

El objetivo de este artículo es demostrar que en la literatura especializada se perfilan modelos de brujerías e imágenes demoniacas que no están en contradicción entre ellos. Al contrario, estos modelos se adscriben en un único patrón europeo, pese a las diferencias concretas de cada caso. Esta investigación se basa en la consulta de documentos provenientes principalmente de la Inquisición de México (segunda mitad del siglo XVII). Uno de sus aportes consiste en que, a través del papel de cuatro mujeres, se analiza la presencia de una cultura, un discurso y una representación del diablo y la bruja europeos en el norte novohispano que corresponden a un específico modelo diabólico hispano.
Antonio Fuentes Díaz y Daniele Fini (coords.). Defender al pueblo. Autodefensas y policías comunitarias en México
Authors: Treviño Ronzón Ernesto
Published: March 2022

Cuando el pueblo se defiende
Antonio Fuentes Díaz y Daniele Fini (coordinadores) (2018). Defender al pueblo. Autodefensas y policías comunitarias en México. Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Ediciones del Lirio. 350 pp. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21696/rcsl102120201245
ISBN: 978-607-525-543-9
El trabajo de cuidados de la infancia nahua con discapacidad. El caso de las madres de la Huasteca potosina, México
Authors: Moctezuma Balderas Andrea Cristina
Published: March 2022

En el presente artículo se analiza el trabajo femenino de cuidados implementado en función de la atención de los infantes con discapacidad en el contexto indígena nahua de la Huasteca potosina. Se retoma el cuidado como una práctica relacional, histórica y culturalmente im-puesta como un deber femenino. La investigación aborda, desde una perspectiva de género y antropológica, el trabajo de reproducción social llevado a cabo por las mujeres nahuas de la Huasteca potosina, quienes han asumido una doble jornada laboral: sostener y mantener la organización de su unidad doméstica y, a la vez, desempeñarse como cuidadoras de sus hijos con discapacidad. Dichas actividades, al considerarlas propias del género femenino, han sido infravaloradas por su grupo familiar, por las propias mujeres cuidadoras y por el Estado mexicano.
Ritual y construcción histórica de una comunidad utópica. Xochitlalis en la Sierra de Zongolica
Authors: Morales Carbajal Claudia , Casas Mendoza Carlos Alberto
Published: March 2022

En este artículo se analiza un ritual de reelaboración cultural en el que convergen diferentes formas de modernidad indígena y de subjetividades colectivas, que se enfrentan en un espacio contencioso, marcado por la mercantilización de la cultura. Se trata de rituales que se llevan a cabo en espacios naturales de gran belleza en la región nahua de la Sierra de Zongolica, en el estado de Veracruz, México, que han atraído crecientemente al turismo local y regional. El análisis se enfoca en la construcción de formas de comunalidad promovidas a través de la realización de rituales y ceremonias. La discusión se sitúa en las diferentes aplicaciones del concepto de comunalismo y en las visiones que la utilización de este ha despertado en los estudios antropológicos. El marco se localiza en las políticas multiculturales del estado neoliberal y en el papel de los intelectuales indígenas en la creación y difusión de imaginarios y elaboración de comunidades utópicas.
El paisaje geográfico en la gestión del riesgo de desastres. Aportes y limitaciones
Authors: Rodríguez Esteves Juan Manuel
Published: March 2022

El objetivo es analizar los aportes de la geografía al estudio del paisaje como unidad espacial y metodológica ofreciendo un planteamiento relativamente nuevo para la gestión del riesgo de desastres. Para ello, se realizó una búsqueda focalizada de los aportes de la geografía al tema del riesgo y desastres, así como al estudio del paisaje; finalmente, se analizó la gestión del riesgo desde la perspectiva del paisaje. La originalidad de este estudio radica en la sistematización de los enfoques del paisaje aplicados a la reducción del riesgo. Los resultados muestran que el paisaje es una unidad espacial y metodológica compleja, ya que en él intervienen factores físicos, biológicos y antrópicos. Entre las conclusiones destaca el papel del conocimiento del paisaje global como elemento multidimensional, que ofrece una perspectiva espacial, natural, histórica y social de la relación sociedad-naturaleza. Este estudio es de carácter teórico, por lo que deberá ser contrastado con estudios empíricos o de caso.
El poder de la mayoría
Authors: Rosiles Salas Javier
Published: March 2022

Este artículo pretende analizar el comportamiento y los resultados de un cuerpo legislativo dominado por una fuerza emergente como Morena tras 20 años de gobiernos divididos, a través de un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo sobre el trabajo parlamentario colectivo, en comisiones e individual, basado en el examen de bancos de datos. Los resultados evidencian una tendencia estable en la aprobación de iniciativas legislativas pese a que existe un contexto de gobierno unificado. Asimismo, una implicación encontrada consiste en ver que el presi-dente y el Congreso estarían siendo más cautelosos de lo esperado tras la elección de 2018 para emprender reformas legislativas profundas. La originalidad radica en que se analiza el proceso legislativo en la coyuntura presente, además de que aporta información sistematizada y actualizada sobre el Poder Legislativo. En conclusión, observamos que el comportamiento de la Cámara de Diputados actual no muestra variaciones importantes en términos cuantitativos con respecto de Legislaturas anteriores.
Jóvenes indígenas. Prácticas de no reconocimiento de su identidad étnica y estrategias de afrontamiento en universidades convencionales de Nuevo León (México)
Authors: Gallegos Martínez Gabriela , Martínez Sánchez María Luisa
Published: March 2022

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo identificar las prácticas de no reconocimiento que jóvenes indígenas experimentan en universidades de Nuevo León, así como comprender las estrategias de afrontamiento que utilizan. Se usó un diseño cualitativo e interpretativo basado en el método biográfico y entrevistas en profundidad con 15 jóvenes. Se identificaron como prácticas de no reconocimiento la infantilización, la inferiorización, la exclusión, la discriminación, la explotación y el machismo; y como estrategias de afrontamiento, la instrumentalización, la perseverancia, la validación, la autoexclusión y el ocultamiento. Una de las limitaciones del estudio fue la dificultad para entrevistar a jóvenes de las mismas universidades, por lo que se tuvieron que incorporar diferentes instituciones a la muestra. La pertinencia del estudio radica en que las investigaciones sobre los procesos que jóvenes indígenas viven en universidades convencionales en la región norte del país son relativamente recientes; por lo tanto, abona al conocimiento sobre la problemática. Se concluye que la interacción social y el heterorreconocimiento son procesos sociales que detonan tanto el no reconocimiento como las estrategias para sobrellevarlo.
Acciones y limitantes institucionales en la aplicación de la legislación forestal en México en el periodo 2009-2019
Authors: Castro Salazar Jesús Ignacio , Carpio-Domínguez José Luis , Arroyo-Quiroz Inés
Published: March 2022

El objetivo del estudio es explorar y analizar las acciones de aplicación de la legislación en materia forestal en México por entidad federativa. El estudio revisa bases de datos institucionales públicas y aplica entrevistas a inspectores ambientales. Existen pocas investigaciones que abordan la aplicación de la legislación forestal. La aplicación de la legislación forestal contribuye a vigilar y detectar los crímenes forestales que dañan los ecosistemas y amenazan las especies silvestres. Las tasas de deforestación ilegal hacen pensar que la aplicación de regulaciones forestales en México está lejos de lo que se espera de ella. La cantidad de superficie y las densidades forestales, así como el incremento de la producción forestal, evidencian una gran diversidad de acciones que demandan la aplicación de la ley. En la práctica, se realizan pocas acciones de inspección forestal, existe poco personal y limitado presupuesto institucional para aplicar la ley. Entidades con grandes superficies forestales o alta producción forestal tienen escaso personal para aplicar la ley.
Vulnerabilidad sociohídrica en comunidades del río Sonora: Un enfoque para los estudios de seguridad hídrica
Authors: Díaz-Caravantes Rolando Enrique , Elizalde Castillo Fernanda , Escoboza Pablo
Published: March 2022

En este trabajo se analizan las amenazas y las vulnerabilidades que dificultan la seguridad hídrica en comunidades del río Sonora. Se realizaron 40 entrevistas a usuarios de agua para uso agrícola y a encargados del agua potable en 14 comunidades del río Sonora. Las principales amenazas encontradas son la sequía, el desabasto de agua y la contaminación, y en el caso de las comunidades periurbanas, a estas se le suma el crecimiento de la ciudad de Hermosillo. Ante tales amenazas, se encontró una gran vulnerabilidad sociohídrica, pues la mayoría considera que no tiene capacidad técnica, política, económica, institucional y social que le permita contar con agua suficiente para realizar sus actividades. Una limitación del estudio es que explora solamente la vulnerabilidad. No obstante, contribuye a entender aquellos elementos internos que aumentan la inseguridad hídrica. Se concluye que en las comunidades está presente la inseguridad hídrica y la vulnerabilidad sociohídrica porque no tienen disponibilidad sustentable del agua en cantidad y calidad suficientes.
Therapeutic Potential of Flavonoid Derivatives for Certain Neglected
Tropical Diseases
Authors: Pone Boniface Kamdem , Ferreira Elizabeth Igne
Published: March 2022

Background:

Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are infectious diseases that mostly af-fect people living in tropical and subtropical regions, especially in impoverished areas. Ubiquitously found in plants, flavonoids are a group of compounds that have been reported to exhibit a wide range of biological activities against parasites (Leishmania sp., Trypanosoma cruzi, Trypanosoma brucei, Brugia malayi, etc.) that cause certain NTDs.

Aims:

The present study aims to highlight and discuss our recent reports on the implication of fla-vonoids in drug development for NTDs, such as leishmaniasis, Chagas disease, African trypanoso-miasis, filariasis, among others.

Results:

Today, studies show that flavonoids exhibit in vitro antileishmanial, anti-trypanosomiasis, antifilarial activities, among others. Furthermore, the molecular hybridization of flavonoids with the triazole groups has led to the development of compounds with improved biological activity. The in-corporation of chemical groups, such as NO2, F, and Cl groups, during the process of design and synthesis, leads to the enhancement of pharmacological activity.

Conclusion:

Flavonoids are useful metabolites that can be prospected as potential leads for the de-velopment of new agents against certain NTDs. However, research opportunities, including cytotox-icity and in vivo studies, mechanisms of action, bioavailability of these compounds, remain to be investigated in the future.
Molecular Insights on the Therapeutic Effect of Selected Flavonoids on Diabetic Neuropathy
Authors: Prabhawathi Veluchamy , Sivakumar Ponnurengam Malliappan , Prabhakar Pranav Kumar , Cetinel Sibel , R. Neelakandan
Published: March 2022

One of the common clinical complications of diabetes is diabetic neuropathy affecting the nervous system. Painful diabetic neuropathy is widespread and highly prevalent. At least 50% of diabetes patients eventually develop diabetic neuropathy. The four main types of diabetic neuropathy are peripheral neuropathy, autonomic neuropathy, proximal neuropathy (diabetic polyradiculopathy), and mononeuropathy (Focal neuropathy). Glucose control remains the common therapy for diabetic neuropathy due to limited knowledge on early biomarkers that are expressed during nerve damage, thereby limiting the cure through pharmacotherapy. Glucose control dramatically reduces the onset of neuropathy in type 1 diabetes but proves to be less effective in type 2 diabetes. Therefore, the focus is on various herbal remedies for prevention and treatment. There is numerous research on the use of anticonvulsants and antidepressants for the management of pain in diabetic neuropathy. Extensive research is being conducted on natural products, including the isolation of pure compounds like flavonoids from plants and their effect on diabetic neuropathy. This review focuses on the use of important flavonoids such as flavanols (e.g., quercetin, rutin, kaempferol, and isorhamnetin), flavanones (e.g., hesperidin, naringenin and class eriodictyol), and flavones (e.g., apigenin, luteolin, tangeretin, chrysin, and diosmin) for the prevention and treatment of diabetic neuropathy. The mechanisms of action of flavonoids against diabetic neuropathy by their antioxidant, anti-inflammation, anti-glycation properties, etc., are also covered in this review article.
Therapeutic Potential of POU3F3, a Novel Long Non-coding RNA, Alleviates
the Pathogenesis of Osteoarthritis by Regulating the miR-29a-
3p/FOXO3 Axis
Authors: Shi Mingmin , Yan Shigui , Sun Menghao , Wang Cong , Shen Yue , Wang Yangxin
Published: March 2022

Background:

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the predominant threat to the health of the elderly, and
it is crucial to understand the molecular pathogenetic mechanisms involved in it. This study aims to
investigate the role of a well-studied cancer-related long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)-POU3F3 in OA
and its implicated molecular mechanisms.

Method:

The expression of POU3F3 and miR-29a-3p was examined in osteoarthritis patients, as well
as destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) mouse OA model and IL- 1β induced chondrocytes
cell OA model, by quantitative real-time PCR. The interaction between POU3F3, miR-29a-3p and
transcription factor forkhead box O3 (FOXO3) was verified via dual-luciferase reporter analysis and
RNA immunoprecipitation analyses. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were evaluated by cell viability
assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation was investigated
with ELISA and western blotting. In addition, the in vivo regulation of POU3F3 in OA was verified
by intra-articular injection of lentivirus overexpression POU3F31 in mice models.

Results:

The expression level of POU3F3 was decreased in OA patients/animal cartilage tissues and
IL-1β-stimulated in vitro chondrocyte model. POU3F3 overexpression inhibited IL-1β-induced injury
of chondrocytes, enhancing cell viability, suppressing apoptosis and inflammatory cytokine secretion,
rescuing metabolic dysfunction, and restraining autophagy in vitro. Mechanistically, Luciferase reporter
and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays indicated that miR-29a-3p could directly bind to
POU3F3, and FOXO3 was a target gene of miR-29a-3p. Functional rescue assays confirmed this
POU3F3/miR-29a-3p/FOXO3 axis in chondrocytes during OA occurrence. Furthermore, intraarticularly
delivery of lentivirus containing POU3F3 alleviates the damage in mouse OA model in
vivo.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, this work highlights the role of the POU3F3/miR-29a-3p/FOXO3 axis in
the OA pathogenesis, suggesting this axis as a potential therapeutic target for OA.
A Comprehensive Review on In Silico-predicted Potential Phytochemicals
against SARS-CoV-2: Food for Thought for Researchers
Authors: Pathak Shilpi , Agrawal Neetu , Goyal Ahsas
Published: March 2022

The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) emerged in December 2019. It is caused by severe
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and is still existent all over the world.
Researchers worldwide are continuously conducting in silico studies or virtual screening on various
phytochemicals and reporting potential candidates that can be developed against COVID-19 after
in vitro and in vivo validation. Antiviral effects of several phytochemicals have been demonstrated
against different kinds of coronavirus, including SARS-CoV. Using drug repurposing techniques, a
number of phytochemicals have shown substantial antiviral efficacy against COVID 19. This article
reviews the efficacy of lead phytochemicals in computational studies on different important targets of
SARS-CoV-2 like main protease, ACE-2, papain-like protease, spike protein, nsp-1, nsp-15, RdRp,
MTase, helicase, cathepsin, TMPRSS-2. This review discusses potential application of these phytochemicals,
which can guide medicinal chemists to choose phytochemicals to proceed with further
in vitro and in vivo testing for SARS-CoV-2, which may eventually lead to an effective therapeutic
agent and thus can be used to control the current ongoing pandemic.
A Systematic Review of Decipher Genomic Classifier Risk Scores for
Prostate Cancer in African-Americans
Authors: Greenfield Sheldon , Rahimi Mahnoosh
Published: March 2022

Background:

Prostate Cancer (PCa) is a non-cutaneous malignancy in men, and Decipher
being a genomic test, has gained increasing attention in estimating the risk of developing a recurrence
or metastatic PCa disease in patients. Therefore, this study is focused on evaluating the association of
Decipher score risk with recurrence of prostate cancer patients based on their medical, genetic predictors,
and demographics (e.g., races) by conducting a systematic review. Moreover, the study has also
assessed whether Decipher score risk can be a good predictor for prostate patients’ metastasis and
prostate cancer-specific mortality in men and clinical decision-making regarding patient treatment
recommendations.

Methods::

The research study has reviewed 74 research articles, and the systematic review results have
been presented in the form of themes. The studies' review indicated that Decipher acts as a genomic metastasis
signature to predict metastatic disease among patients and make better decisions about treating
the disease. Moreover, this genomic test can also be used in conjunction with Magnetic Resonance Imaging
(MRI) for identifying the lesions that may carry the biological potential for early metastases. Furthermore,
this review also identified that treatment options for PCa might range from Adjuvant Radiation
Treatment (ART) and Salvage Radiation Therapy (SRT) to Radical Prostatectomy (RP); however,
the selection of treatment methodology depends upon the GC score and risk stratification.

Results:

The results further suggested that the occurrence of PCa is two folds greater among African-
Americans (AA) men as compared to non-AA men. Thus, the increasing incidence of PCa among AA
and discrimination within AA's health and socio-economic conditions plays a significant role in treating
AA. In this scenario, the Decipher test score plays an essential role in making treatment decisions.

Conclusion:

To conclude, further trials are still required for validating the Decipher biomarkers, and
scientists should enhance the decipher test ability to be run on a patient's blood samples instead of tumor
tissue, which will help patients use decipher as a screening test at the asymptomatic level.
Nanosilver-Reinforced AgSn Alloys for Dental Applications: Mechanical
Behavior and Hardness
Authors: Castaño Víctor M. , Ortega-Arroyo Lesli , San-Martín-Martínez Eduardo , H. Barceló Federico , Vargas-Aparicio Jorge H. , Vengoechea-Gómez Fabio A.
Published: March 2022

Aim:

AgSn alloys of different compositions were prepared by direct mixing with silver nanoparticles, synthesized, in turn, by an environmentally-friendly method.

Method:

The procedure was carried out by following the standard technique for preparing dental materials and devices. A detailed mechanical characterization, including the maximum elongation at break, the ultimate tensile strength and the hardness of the resulting nanocomposites, was obtained and numerically fitted by statistically-significant equations

Result:

The results show improved mechanical performance, as compared to standard materials used in dentistry, in particular amalgams.

Conclusion:

The procedure described allows to produce low cost materials with tailored mechanical properties.
Situational and Trans-Situational Correlates of Public Energy Literacy: A
Western U.S. Case Study
Authors: Siddiqi Muhammad Usman Amin , Steel Brent S. , Wolters Erika Allen
Published: March 2022

Background:

Recent push for ‘energy democracy’ necessitates a well-informed citizenry
vis-à-vis energy policy, especially in the wake of ideologically charged and divergent views
about the existence and severity of climate change among American citizens. Citizens’ involvement
in energy policy processes in democratic countries makes it important to assess the depth and
scope of energy policy awareness and knowledge among the public, as well as to consider the factors
that promote or hinder how informed people are about energy policy issues.

Objectives:

This study aims at examining the levels of public informedness and knowledge of energy
policy and analyzing their potential correlates in the western U.S. states of California, Idaho,
Oregon, and Washington. The study also analyzes the impact of public awareness and knowledge
on public support for government funding for renewable energy technology research.

Methods:

Using survey data of 1804 randomly selected respondents from California, Idaho, Oregon,
and Washington, the study employs ordinal logistic regression to trans-situational and situational
models predicting self-assessed informedness and objective measure of knowledge about
energy policy as well as public support for federal funding for renewable energy technology research.

Results:

The study found that variables related to socio-economic status (SES) are stronger predictors
of public informedness and knowledge about energy policy than situational variables like values
and efficacy, except for climate change beliefs that have a positive relationship with informedness
and knowledge.

Conclusion:

The study also found that informedness and knowledge of energy policy are positively
associated with support for government funding for renewable energy research.
Dynamics of social interaction of Hindu and non-Hindu communities in Tindaki Village, Parigi Moutong Regency, Central Sulawesi Province
Authors: Wirawan Agus Budi , Triguna Ida Bagus Gde Yudha , Winaja I Wayan
Published: March 2022

Hindu transmigrants from Bali live in a number of areas in Parigi Moutong Regency, one of the occupied villages is Tindaki Village. The acceptance of the village head and local community towards Hindu transmigrants is a milestone for social interaction between Hindu and non-Hindu communities. Associative social interactions occur in various fields, such as interactions between neighbors, agricultural communities, and cultural acculturation. Based on this phenomenon, the research is focused on analyzing the dynamics of social interaction between Hindu and non-Hindu communities in Tindaki Village. The theoretical basis used is GH Mead's theory of symbolic interactionism eclectic with the views of other interactionists. The study was designed as an interpretive qualitative research. Data collection techniques through participant observation, in-depth interviews (unstructured), and document studies. Determination of informants with purposive sampling technique. The data analysis technique is based on Miles & Huberman's data analysis, namely through data condensation, data presentation, and concluding. The results of the study were concluded as follows. First, the dynamics of social interaction began with the acceptance of the village head and the local community towards the settlement of Hindu transmigrants in Tindaki Village.
Implementation of Village Fund Management Policy Affirmation in Village Development
Authors: Murliasari Rikha
Published: March 2022

The pendulum direction of development which initially only leans in the city is now directed to rural areas. Affirmation of government policies to villages is evidenced by the distribution of Village Funds since 2015. This study aims to find out how the implementation of village fund management in village development is through the role of village governments with an approach to rights of origin and local authority on a village scale. This study uses an explanatory approach by combining a case study design with a comparative study, which focuses on conducting an in-depth study on the role of village government in village development in Sirnagalih Village, Cipongkor District, West Bandung Regency. Data sources include the Village Head, Village Apparatus, Regional Personnel, and Training Agency, Village Community Institutions and Village Traditional Institutions, Community Leaders, Head of Subdistrict and Echelon Officials in the subdistrict, Head of Regency Village Community Empowerment Service and Echelon Officials at the Village Community Empowerment Service, as well as elements of the Community. The data analysis method used was qualitative analysis. The analysis results show that village development has a very strategic role in spurring regional development. It happens because it contains elements of equitable distribution of development and its results and directly touches the interests of the majority of the people who live in rural areas. It was found that village development programs and activities responsive to Community need to have resulted in high community participation. Therefore, the optimization of development implementation is influenced by community participation activities in implementing and preserving development results. For this reason, the main solution that needs to be given to the problem of managing Village Funds in Village development is the application of policy affirmations in the management of Village Funds.
Portrait of an Artist as an Old Man (2016-2018)
Authors: Thiel Mirja Maria
Published: March 2022

In Portrait of an Artist as an Old Man Mirja Maria Thiel tells the life of Fritz Dressler (1937-2020), a former professional photographer and university professor, who suffered from Alzheimer’s the last years of his life. Photographed over the course of more than two years, the black and white series is completely committed to the emotional reality of the charismatic protagonist. Dressler found immense pleasure and pride in himself by falling back on taking pictures himself. Adding some of his longing color images of his immediate surroundings, above all landscape and cloud images, as well as quotes by him gives the affected protagonist a voice and transforms this series into some kind of collaborative narrative which it has been in so many ways. The work intends to inspire a compassionate dialogue in society about issues concerning more respect, participation and empowerment towards people affected with Alzheimer’s and dementia.
Appalachian Constellation: Type 3C Diabetes as the Link Between Diabetes and Chronic Pancreatitis
Authors: Fletcher, MD Justin , Unger, MD, FAAMA Kendra
Published: March 2022

Diabetes of the exocrine pancreas, also known as type 3c diabetes, is caused by a variety of underlying mechanisms, most commonly chronic pancreatitis. Type 3c diabetes leads to chronic inflammation of the pancreas and results in frequent episodes of hypo- or hyper-glycemia, and patients are commonly misdiagnosed as having type 2 diabetes. We report the case of a 52-year-old man from rural West Virginia (WV) who presented with a five-year history of chronic abdominal pain and recurrent pancreatitis. His physical examination, laboratory, and radiologic studies revealed an acute pancreatitis flare, and his elevated serum glucose level indicated new-onset diabetes, leading to a diagnosis of type 3c diabetes. Given the disproportionate rate of diabetes in WV, it is critical for healthcare providers to learn to recognize patients with diabetes with underlying pancreatic disease and to treat those patients appropriately.
Raising Awareness about Health Disparities with a Medical and Dental School Web-Based Collaboration
Authors: Price DDS, EdD Shelia S. , Nield, MD Linda S. , Lilly, PhD Christa L. , Vallejo MD, DMD Manuel C.
Published: March 2022

INTRODUCTION A collaborative web-based learning event for beginning medical and dental students was created to raise awareness about health disparities. METHODS Incoming medical and dental students completed an online assignment based upon real patient scenarios which addressed the following six topics: religion, sexual preference, socio-economic status, race, culture, and military veteran status, Students completed identical pre- and post- questionnaires approved by the West Virginia University Institutional Review Board. Questions were ranked on a 6-point Libert scale (1 = strongly disagree to 6 = strongly agree) or 5-point frequency scale (1 = never to 5= always). Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test, with p < 0.05 as significant RESULTS The pre- and post-questionnaires were completed by 45 dental students (94% response rate) and 118 (pre-) and 116 (post-) medical students with 98% and 97% respective response rates. Both dental and medical students had a significant increase in their awareness of health disparities. Dental students had a significant increase in their appreciation of the frequency of health disparities in state and country, while medical students had a significant increase in their agreement that learning events about diversity and inclusion should be threaded throughout the curriculum, and disparities are influenced by the quality of interpersonal health care. CONCLUSIONS Bringing attention to diverse patient populations in a web-based format as part of new student orientation is effective in introducing and enhancing medical and dental students' awareness of health disparities and under essentiality of diversity topics in.
Evaluating the Increased Burden of Cardiorespiratory Illness Visits to Adult Emergency Departments During Flu and Bronchiolitis Outbreaks in the Pediatric Population: Retrospective Multicentric Time Series Analysis
Authors: Morel Benoit , Bouleux Guillaume , Viallon Alain , Maignan Maxime , Provoost Luc , Bernadac Jean-Christophe , Devidal Sarah , Pillet Sylvie , Cantais Aymeric , Mory Olivier
Published: March 2022

Background

Cardiorespiratory decompensation (CRD) visits have a profound effect on adult emergency departments (EDs). Respiratory pathogens like respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza virus are common reasons for increased activity in pediatric EDs and are associated with CRD in the adult population. Given the seasonal aspects of such challenging pathology, it would be advantageous to predict their variations.

Objective

The goal of this study was to evaluate the increased burden of CRD in adult EDs during flu and bronchiolitis outbreaks in the pediatric population.

Methods

An ecological study was conducted, based on admissions to the adult ED of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) of Grenoble and Saint Etienne from June 29, 2015 to March 22, 2020. The outbreak periods for bronchiolitis and flu in the pediatric population were defined with a decision-making support tool, PREDAFLU, used in the pediatric ED. A Kruskal-Wallis variance analysis and a Spearman monotone dependency were performed in order to study the relationship between the number of adult ED admissions for the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 codes related to cardiorespiratory diagnoses and the presence of an epidemic outbreak as defined with PREDAFLU.

Results

The increase in visits to the adult ED for CRD and the bronchiolitis and flu outbreaks had a similar distribution pattern (CHU Saint Etienne: χ23=102.7, P<.001; CHU Grenoble: χ23=126.67, P<.001) and were quite dependent in both hospital settings (CHU Saint Etienne: Spearman ρ=0.64; CHU Grenoble: Spearman ρ=0.71). The increase in ED occupancy for these pathologies was also significantly related to the pediatric respiratory infection outbreaks. These 2 criteria gave an idea of the increased workload in the ED due to CRD during the bronchiolitis and flu outbreaks in the pediatric population.

Conclusions

This study established that CRD visits and bed occupancy for adult EDs were significantly increased during bronchiolitis and pediatric influenza outbreaks. Therefore, a prediction tool for these outbreaks such as PREDAFLU can be used to provide early warnings of increased activity in adult EDs for CRD visits.
COVID-19: An examination of public health information, trust, and COVID-19 prevention behaviors (Preprint)
Authors: Tetteh Emmanuel Kwabena , Combs Todd , Geng Elvin Hsing , McKay Virginia
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND

Preventative health measures such as shelter in place and mask-wearing have been widely encouraged to curb the spread of the COVID-19 disease. People’s attitudes towards preventative behaviors may be dependent on their sources of information and trust in the information.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to understand the relationship between trusting in COVID-19 information and preventative behavior in a racially and politically diverse metropolitan area in the United States.

METHODS

We conducted an online cross-sectional survey of residents in St. Louis City and County in Missouri. Individuals older than 17 years were eligible to participate. Participants were recruited using a convenience sampling approach through social media and email. The Health Belief Model (HBM) and the Socio-ecological Model informed instrument development, as well as COVID-19-related questions from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). We performed an ordinary least squares linear regression model to estimate social distancing practices, perceptions, and trust in COVID-19 information sources.

RESULTS

Out of 1650 eligible participants, the majority (84%, n=1403) had sought or received COVID-19 related information from a public health agency (PHA), the CDC or both. Regression analysis showed a 1% increase in preventative behavior for every 12% increase in trust in governmental health agencies. At their lowest levels of trust, women were 64% more likely to engage in preventative behavior than men. Overall, 18-45 year-olds without vulnerable medical conditions were the least to engage in preventative behaviors.

CONCLUSIONS

Trust in COVID-19 information increases an individual’s likelihood of practicing preventative behaviors. Effective health communication strategies should be used to effectively disseminate health information in disease outbreaks.
The Logistics of Medication and Patient Flow in Video-Based Virtual Clinics During a Sudden COVID-19 Outbreak in Taiwan: Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Chen Ying-Hsien , Wu Hui-Wen , Huang Ching-Chang , Lee Jen-Kuang , Yang Li-Tan , Hsu Tse-Pin , Hung Chi-Sheng , Ho Yi-Lwun
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 pandemic was well controlled in Taiwan until an outbreak in May 2021. Telemedicine was rapidly implemented to avoid further patient exposure and to unload the already burdened medical system.

OBJECTIVE

To understand the effect of COVID-19 on the implementation of video-based virtual clinic visits during this outbreak, we analyzed the logistics of prescribing medications and patient flow for such virtual visits at a tertiary medical center.

METHODS

We retrospectively collected information on video-based virtual clinic visits and face-to-face outpatient visits from May 1 to August 31, 2021, from the administrative database at National Taiwan University Hospital. The number of daily new confirmed COVID-19 cases in Taiwan was obtained from an open resource.

RESULTS

There were 782 virtual clinic visits during these 3 months, mostly for the departments of internal medicine, neurology, and surgery. The 3 most common categories of medications prescribed were cardiovascular, diabetic, and gastrointestinal, of which cardiovascular medications comprised around one-third of all medications prescribed during virtual clinic visits. The number of virtual clinic visits was significantly correlated with the number of daily new confirmed COVID-19 cases, with approximately a 20-day delay (correlation coefficient 0.735; P<.001). The patient waiting time for video-based virtual clinic visits was significantly shorter compared with face-to-face clinic visits during the same period (median 3, IQR 2-6 min vs median 20, IQR 9-42 min; rank sum P<.001). Although the time saved was appreciated by the patients, online payment with direct delivery of medications without the need to visit a hospital was still their major concern.

CONCLUSIONS

Our data showed that video-based virtual clinics can be implemented rapidly after a COVID-19 outbreak. The virtual clinics were efficient, as demonstrated by the significantly reduced waiting time. However, there are still some barriers to the large-scale implementation of video-based virtual clinics. Better preparation is required to improve performance in possible future large outbreaks.
Effect of collagen-chitosan hydrogel formula combined with platelet-rich plasma (A study of ph, viscocity, and swelling test)
Authors: Anindyajati Tutut Prabantari , Lastianny Sri Pramestri , Yogianti Flandiana , Murdiastuti Kwartarini
Published: March 2022

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) contains growth factors that speed up a healing process. The liquid form of PRP is difficult to be applied, so it needs material as a carrier of collagen. Collagen can be used as carrier materials and capable to activate growth factors and increase the concentration of the PRP to become a gel. Collagen often losses its shape and size due to degradation when exposed to body fluids. In the selection of materials, collagen can synthesize with chitosan. Collagen-chitosan hydrogel has potential as scaffold. Many formulations for proper hydrogel applied in the oral cavity need to pay more attention to several conditions, such as a neutral pH, high viscosity and ideal swelling. The aims of this study was to examine the influence of various formulations of collagenchitosan hydrogel PRPagainst pH, viscosity, and swelling. The study samples consisted of 25 collagen-chitosanhydrogel formulations. The samples were divided into five groups: 100/0; 75/25; 50/50; 25/75; 0/100. The first stage of the test was pH, viscosity and swelling measurement of the collagen-chitosan hydrogel to determine which ones matched the criteria. Collagen-chitosan hydrogel formulations were added with PRP with a ratio of 1:1. The second stage was to measure the pH, viscosity, and swelling measurement to see the results of the physical parameters of the hydrogel after mixed with PRP. The observation data were analyzed by t-test for pH and viscosity, while twoway ANOVA and post hoc LSD for swelling test. The results showed that collagen-chitosan hydrogel formulations of 25/75 and 0/100 met the criteria of pH, viscosity, and swelling. The pH of both groups showed no significant difference (p>0.05), but the viscosity and swelling variables showed significant difference (p<0.05). To conclude, collagen-chitosan hydrogel formulations mixed with PRP had no effect on pH, but had an effect on viscosity and swelling test. The collagen-chitosan hydrogel formulations mixed with PRP which matched the criteria were 25/75 and 0/100.
The effect of fiber type and position on the transverse strength of an fiber reinforced composite (FRC) bridge
Authors: Aditama Pramudya , Sugiatno Erwan , Indrastuti Murti
Published: March 2022

Fixed bridge made of porcelain fused to metal (PFM) is one of the widely used dentures. However, this type of denture is easily broken and cracked. As an alternative, a fixed bridge made of fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) is produced with more benefits since it is more efficient in terms of time and cost. The purpose of this research is to find out the effect of type and fiber position on the transverse strength of an FRC bridge. The experimentinvolved 35 rod of FRC with the dimensions of 25x2x2 mm3. Subjects were divided into seven groups, each of which containing five subjects. Group I, II, III was reinforced with glass fiber on compression side, neutral side, and tension side. Group IV, V, VI were reinforced with polyethylene (PE) fiber on compression side, neutral side, and tension side. Group VII was not reinforced with any fiber. Rods were tested for transverse strength with universaltesting machine and all data were analyzed with two way ANOVA at 95% confidence level. The results showed that type and position of fiber had a significant effect (p<0.05), while the interaction between type and position of fiber had no significant effect (p>0.05). Least significance different post hoc test showed significant difference (p<0.05) for all groups, except between compression and no fiber. The conclusion of this research was that addition of glass fibers on tension side in bridge FRC increased the transverse strength to be higher than that with PE fibers. Fiber placement on tension side might improve the transverse strength than that of the other side.
Between consumers and fans: Writing fan reports as a multifunctional evaluation practice
Authors: Meier-Vieracker Simon
Published: March 2022

Based on a corpus of approx. 360,000 ‘fan reports,’ that is online concert reviews written by customers of a ticket agency, this paper analyses lexical and stylistic features of evaluative language and their social functions as means for (self-)positioning. The analysis shows that the reviews are oriented towards different and competing orders of value and their writers take different roles. While some writers act as enthusiastic fans that use the platform for building communities of shared feelings, other writers appear as consumers who judge primarily according to economic criteria. On the basis of concrete patterns of language use it is shown how the heterarchic plurality of evaluative standards is used as a resource for social demarcations.
Drug-Induced Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Perazella Mark A. , Rosner Mitchell H.
Published: March 2022

Medications are a common cause of AKI, especially for patients admitted to hospital wards and the intensive care unit. Although drug-related kidney injury occurs through different mechanisms, this review will focus on three specific types of tubulointerstitial injury. Direct acute tubular injury develops from several medications, which are toxic to various cellular functions. Their excretory pathways through the proximal tubules contribute further to AKI. Drug-induced AKI may also develop through induction of inflammation within the tubulointerstitium. Medications can elicit a T cell–mediated immune response that promotes the development of acute interstitial nephritis leading to AKI. Although less common, a third pathway to kidney injury results from the insolubility of drugs in the urine leading to their precipitation as crystals within distal tubular lumens, causing a crystalline-related AKI. Intratubular obstruction, direct tubular injury, and localized inflammation lead to AKI. Clinicians should be familiar with the pathogenesis and clinical-pathologic manifestations of these forms of kidney injury. Prevention and treatment of AKI relies on understanding the pathogenesis and judiciously using these agents in settings where AKI risk is high.
The American Elizabethan Accent in the Ocracoke Brogue
Authors: Preeshl Dr. Artemis , Johns Foster
Published: March 2022

To some ears, the Ocracoke “Brogue,” an unusual accent of Ocracoke (North Carolina) sounds Shakespearean. Data from interviews with three Ocracoke Brogue speakers and Wolfram’s Ocracoke Brogue documentary informed this study. In the context of the Brogue’s background, key samples from Wolfram’s film revealed that though Ocracoke speakers tended towards centralization and backing of vowel realizations, monophthongization tended to be the chief remnant of Original Pronunciation of Shakespeare’s English. Influences on linguistic changes in the context of tourism and climate change were considered. Future study on the Croatoan language and comparison of Australian accents to the Ocracoke Brogue were inspired by this research.
SNEDDS AS LIPID-BASED NANOCARRIER SYSTEMS: CONCEPTS AND FORMULATION INSIGHTS
Authors: GOTTEMUKKULA LAKSHMI DEVI , SAMPATHI SUNITHA
Published: March 2022

Approximately 40 % of newly discovered chemical entities have low solubility and possess low bioavailability after oral administration. Lipid-based drug delivery systems (LBDDS) have recently become very popular because of their remarkable ability to deliver drugs with poor absorption using lipids as carriers. Self-emulsifying drug delivery (SEDDS) systems are one type of LBDDS employed for the incorporation of hydrophobic drugs. SEDDS are classified into self-micro emulsifying drug delivery systems (SMEDDS) and self-nano emulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) based on the droplet size of the dispersed phase. The present review focus on the mechanism of drug absorption from lipid-based nanocarriers systems, in vitro assessment of self-emulsification, insights of SNEDDS, factors affecting the formulation of SNEDDS, and its applications.
APTAMER: A REVIEW ON IT’S IN VITRO SELECTION AND DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
Authors: KUMAR VINOD , RAJ S. BRITO , KANAKARAJ LAKSHMI , PAUL A. DEEVAN , K. KAVITHA , M. RAVI , P. SUCHARITHA
Published: March 2022

In recent year, Aptamer has been one of the key tools in the field of advanced drug delivery systems. Aptamer are oligonucleotides or peptides that bind to a specific target molecule. In this review we summarize the major differences between the antibody and an Aptamer along with the different methodology of the In vitro selection of the Aptamer by using SELEX (Systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment) technique. SELEX is a technique which has a based biosensor and some of the novel drug delivery system. The article referred in this review was referred from the above said source was in the range of 1990-2020 y.
Primary contents is searched from science direct, springer nature, scopus indexed journals. The resources are downloaded from google scholar, peer-reviewed published literature from scientific journals and books.
RAPID DETERMINATION OF CARBOPLATIN AND DOCETAXEL USİNG RP-HPLC WİTH PDA DETECTOR
Authors: DEVI POTTURI RAMA , RAMBABU KANTIPUDI
Published: March 2022

Objective: In the current investigation, to separated and validate the cancer healing drugs (Carboplatin and Docetaxel) through the HPLC (e-2695) instrument containing a PDA detector.
Methods: A simple, selective, validated and well-defined stability that shows isocratic RP-HPLC methodology for the quantitative determination of Carboplatin and Docetaxel. The chromatographic strategy utilized Symmetry C18 column of dimensions 150x4.6 mm, 3.5 micron, using isocratic elution with a mobile phase of acetonitrile and 0.1% ortho phosphoric acid (40:60). A flow rate of 1 ml/min and a detector wavelength of 225 nm utilizing the PDA detector were given in the instrumental settings. Recovery, specificity, linearity, accuracy, robustness, ruggedness were determined as a part of method validation and the results were found to be within the acceptable range. Validation of the proposed method was carried out according to an international conference on harmonization (ICH) guidelines.
Results: LOD and LOQ for the two active ingredients were established with respect to test concentration. The calibration charts plotted were linear with a regression coefficient of R2>0.999.
Conclusion: The proposed method to be fast, simple, feasible and affordable in assay condition. During stability tests, it can be used for routine analysis of production samples and to verify the quality of drug samples during stability studies.