bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bayesian Incentive-Compatible Bandit Exploration
Authors: Mansour Yishay , Slivkins Aleksandrs , Syrgkanis Vasilis
Published: July 2020

As self-interested individuals (“agents”) make decisions over time, they utilize information revealed by other agents in the past and produce information that may help agents in the future. This phenomenon is common in a wide range of scenarios in the Internet economy, as well as in medical decisions. Each agent would like to exploit: select the best action given the current information, but would prefer the previous agents to explore: try out various alternatives to collect information. A social planner, by means of a carefully designed recommendation policy, can incentivize the agents to balance the exploration and exploitation so as to maximize social welfare. We model the planner’s recommendation policy as a multiarm bandit algorithm under incentive-compatibility constraints induced by agents’ Bayesian priors. We design a bandit algorithm which is incentive-compatible and has asymptotically optimal performance, as expressed by regret. Further, we provide a black-box reduction from an arbitrary multiarm bandit algorithm to an incentive-compatible one, with only a constant multiplicative increase in regret. This reduction works for very general bandit settings that incorporate contexts and arbitrary partial feedback.
The working of a primary care network in Wirral: experiences thus far
Authors: Jones Caroline
Published: July 2020

In order to meet the unique needs of local populations, health and care providers need to come together as a collective. A model of integration in line with the NHS Long Term Plan will support transformation, sustainability and meeting the increasing demands on the NHS. Due the complexity and variety of services in care communities, it is vital that organisations and the third sector acknowledge and understand one another with greater depth. Primary care networks (PCNs) support this by dissolving organisational boundaries, with services wrapping around each other and moving forward as one system. This article describes how one PCN in Wirral committed to appreciating each service's roles. By engaging regularly in different ways, members of the PCN were able build on professional relationships. The refocusing and reconnecting regularly as a collective team enabled a more streamlined approach to proactive, place-based patient care while providing professionals with improved working relationships, skill-sharing and increased job satisfaction.
Optimization of the  apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic polypeptidelike-3G  (APOBEC3G) gene to enhance its expression in  Escherichia coli
Authors: Avissa Rizkyana , Widyaningtyas Silvia Tri , Bela Budiman
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND Apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like-3G (APOBEC3G) can abolish HIV infection by inducing lethal mutations in the HIV genome. The HIV protein virion infectivity factor (Vif) can interact with APOBEC3G protein and cause its degradation. Development of a method that can screen substances inhibiting the APOBEC3G-Vif interaction is necessary for identification of substances that potentially used in anti-HIV drug development. In order to increase expression of recombinant APOBEC3G protein that will be used in APOBEC3G-Vif interaction assay, we developed an optimized APOBEC3G gene for expression in Escherichia coli. 

METHODS The gene coding APOBEC3G was codon-optimized in accordance with prokaryotic codon using DNA 2.0 software to avoid bias codons that could inhibit its expression. The APOBEC3G gene was synthesized and sub-cloned into pQE80L plasmid vector. pQE80L containing APOBEC3G was screened by polymerase chain reaction, enzyme restriction, and sequencing to verify its DNA sequence. The recombinant APOBEC3G was expressed in E. coli under isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactoside (IPTG) induction and purified by using nickel-nitrilotriacetic acid (Ni-NTA) resin. 

RESULTS The synthetic gene coding APOBEC3G was successfully cloned into the pQE80L vector and could be expressed abundantly in E. coli BL21 in the presence of IPTG. 

CONCLUSIONS Recombinant APOBEC3G is robustly expressed in E. coli BL21, and the APOBEC3G protein could be purified by using Ni-NTA. The molecular weight of the recombinant APOBEC3G produced is smaller than the expected value. However, the protein is predicted to be able to interact with Vif because this interaction is determined by a specific domain located on the N-terminal of APOBEC3G.
Efficient formation and tunability of optical scattering directivity of surface waves by a linear array of nanoantennas on a metallic film
Authors: Hosseinmardi Mahdi , Pakizeh Tavakol
Published: July 2020

Photonic spin Hall effect (PSHE) related to spin–orbit interaction of light leads to spin-momentum locking of longitudinal-spin photons of a pump beam into transverse-spin photons of an inherently circularly polarized surface wave like surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs). An excited nanoparticle (NP) above a metal–dielectric interface optically couples pump beam photons into the SPP photons, though an array of NPs may provide a desired and remarkable scattering directivity pattern (SDP). Here we show how a linear array of alike nanoantennas illuminated by an optical beam with different wave polarizations and incidence directions forms the unique SDPs, and we show how the PSHE affects the propagation direction of the scattered SPPs and their SDPs. The scattering patterns for the excited surface wave with remarkable tunability and functionality are studied in two principle cases, namely, broadside and endfire, in which the PSHE may efficiently emerge. The theoretical results developed based on Green’s tensor approach accompanied by the mode-matching technique and quasistatic modeling are in good agreement with the computational results. In this way, the crucial parameters’ effects on the SDPs, such as the elements’ spacing and number in the array, are thoroughly investigated. The reported results pave the way to adaptively engineer the scattering formation of the SPP-type waves for surface optics and photonics applications.
High-efficiency Er-doped yttrium gallium garnet laser resonantly pumped by a laser diode at 1.47  µm
Authors: You Li , Zhao Yongguang , Lu Dazhi , Liang Fei , Li Lei , Chen Ying , Liu Jian , Wang Jianlei , Yu Haohai , Zhang Huaijin , Wang Jiyang
Published: July 2020

The spectroscopic and laser properties of an

E
r

3
+

-doped yttrium gallium garnet crystal,

Y

3

G
a

5

O

12

(YGG), are studied. The stimulated emission cross section is

1.4

×

10

−
21

c
m

2

at 1.65 µm. A continuous-wave laser resonantly pumped by a laser diode at 1.47 µm is demonstrated, delivering a maximum output power of 3.34 W. Benefiting from the low phonon energy of the YGG host, the corresponding slope efficiency is as high as

∼

42

%

. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest slope efficiency from the laser-diode resonantly pumped Er lasers at room temperature in the 1.6 µm spectral range.
Microfake: How small-scale deepfakes can undermine society
Authors: Ascott Tom
Published: July 2020

Advances in deepfake technology have led to the emergence of a new picture of how doctored material will be used in disinformation campaigns. While safeguards ensure that manipulated videos may not be such a problem at the highest levels of security and defence, lower levels – such as local elections – remain vulnerable to malign actors. At such levels, deepfakes can be distributed using social media channels to target unsuspecting victims. Current solutions only protect individuals who are prominent enough to be covered by the mainstream media, and not enough is being done by governments or social media companies to protect ordinary users from coordinated inauthentic activity online. However, with more images and videos of ourselves online than ever before, anyone can be a victim of a disinformation campaign. As deepfakes become easier to make, no one is safe – hyper-localized manipulation will create problems for democratic institutions that have not yet been fully understood.
Finland: Media welfare state in the digital era?
Authors: Ala-Fossi Marko
Published: July 2020

The concept of media welfare state is a combination of the democratic corporatist media system and social democratic welfare state model, describing the distinctiveness of the Nordic countries and their media systems with four basic principles. Media welfare state is based on communication services understood as public goods, freedom from editorial interference, cultural policy and economic support for media pluralism as well as preference for consensual solutions involving cooperation between main stakeholders. However, identifying a joint media welfare state model in recent media and communication policy decisions made in Nordic countries on developing communication infrastructures, media delivery and universal access turns out to be difficult. During the last three decades, none of the four largest Nordic countries has strictly followed all the four principles. In most cases, Finland has ended up with different solutions than its Nordic neighbours and sometimes also in contradiction with the Media Welfare State model. There is evidence that the Nordic media markets have been losing their distinguishability over the years. But the main reason why the present-day Nordic countries do not fit into media welfare state model is that they no longer are welfare states – not at least in the same fashion as they used to be. In Finland, this transition from the welfare state to the competition state has been more rapid and extensive than elsewhere in the Nordic region, partly because of its geopolitical position. The Finnish economy has also been exceptionally dependent on a single mobile technology corporation.
Aggressive joint compression for DTV simulcast
Authors: Soto Daniel
Published: July 2020

A complete simulcast on digital TV (DTV) can be complex to implement in some scenarios, such as when the network bandwidth has many limitations. A common solution in such scenarios is to limit the number of duplicate programmes in the simulcast to a minimum. However, this practice slows down the migration to a new generation. This article analyses the causes of this delay and proposes a technique to improve the efficiency of the simulcast. Focusing on the migration from MPEG-2 SD to H.264 HD broadcasts in DVB-T networks, the article presents an efficient solution that can accelerate the transition period.
Audiovisual Industries and Diversity: Economics and Policies in the Digital Era, Luis A. Albornoz and María Trinidad García Leiva (eds) (2019)
Authors: Muñoz Larroa Argelia
Published: July 2020

Review of: Audiovisual Industries and Diversity: Economics and Policies in the Digital Era, Luis A. Albornoz and María Trinidad García Leiva (eds) (2019)

New York: Routledge, 210 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-13838-445-3, h/bk, USD 124
Synthesis, Characterization, Screening and Docking Studies of Some Novel 5-Chloro
benzimidazole-2-one Derivatives as Potent Antitubercular Agents
Authors: Raju D. Suryanarayana , Sasidhar R.L.C , Vidyadhara S.
Published: July 2020

A series of 5-chloro-1-(piperidin-4-yl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-2(3H)-one derivatives have been
synthesized and characterized by various spectroscopic techniques including FTIR, mass and 1H NMR.
In current study, we have followed standard methods for the synthesis of novel molecules, docking and
screening against mycobacterium species. The compounds were docked against 2Q1Y protein by using
MCULE software and screened them by MABA. Out of sixteen synthesized molecules, two molecules
i.e. DSR-14 and DSR-9 had shown good antitubercular activity.
Molecular Docking Based Study and Analysis of Phytochemicals with
TNF-α in Search of Anti-Inflammatory and Anticancer Agents
Authors: Dasgupta Debjani , Desai Manan , Waichal Shubham , Gupta Pramodkumar P.
Published: July 2020

This study has investigated the possible mode of action of several phytochemicals known to possess
anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. It was found by molecular docking studies that ferulic
acid, gallic acid, pcoumaric acid, vanillin, myrecene, 4-vinyl phenol and catechol interacted with the
binding sight of TNF-α which is the chief regulator of inflammation. This study suggest a possible
role of these phytochemicals as anticancer and anti-inflammatory agents.
SOME ASPECTS OF THE DEFINITION OF THE TERM "TERRORISM"
Authors: Starodubtseva Mariya
Published: July 2020

The article reveals the lack of accuracy in the definition of the legal term "terrorism"  and highlights a number of problems related to this definition. In particular, the author substantiates the need for a clear legal definition of groups of persons targeted by an act of terrorism; it is proved that none of the existing definitions – "civilians", "persons considered innocent" and "non – combatants" - allows us to give an exhaustive definition of the phenomenon. It is noted that the existing definitions of terrorism are incomplete due to insufficient coverage of violent acts of crime. An important unrecorded parameter of the definition of "terrorism" is the factor of publicity of a violent action. In addition, there is  need to distinguish between terrorists who are essentially combatants engaged in war and terrorists who are not combatants.
Effect of finish line design and cement space thickness on the marginal accuracy of monolithic zirconia crowns
Authors: Eldamaty Mohamed , Abdel-Aziz Mohammed , El-Kouedi Ahmed , Hamza Tamer
Published: July 2020

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of finish line design and cement space thickness on the marginal accuracy of monolithic zirconia crowns. Materials and methods: Thirty crowns were fabricated from translucent zirconia (inCoris TZI) using Cerec in-Lab system and divided into three main groups (10 each) according to the finish line type of the die (knife-edge, chamfer, and shoulder). Every group was divided into two subgroups (5 each) according to cement space thickness (20 and50?m). Optical impressions were taken for the dies using the Cerec scanner and cement space was set twice for every finish line design; 20 and 50 ?m. The completed crowns were cemented to the dies and the marginal gap was evaluated. The collected data was statistically analyzed using Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis test and the significance level was set at P ? 0.05. Results: Regarding the marginal gap; there was no statistically significant difference between different finish line designs or between different cement space thicknesses. Conclusion: Neither finish line design nor cement space thickness has an effect on the marginal gap of inCoris TZI crowns.KeywordsCement space; Finish line; Marginal fit; Monolithic zirconia.
Effect of glass-fiber post on the biomechanical behavior of teeth with direct veneers
Authors: Jurema Ana Luiza Barbosa , Penteado Marcela Moreira , Tribst João Paulo Mendes , Caneppele Taciana Marco Ferraz , Borges Alexandre Luiz Souto
Published: July 2020

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the biomechanical behaviour of endodontically treated teeth with direct veneer that received or not intra-radicular glass fiber post by finite elements analysis. Material and methods: Six models were designed, varying the presence or absence of glass fiber post and the thickness of direct veneer (0.5, 0.7 and 1 mm). Tridimensional models of maxillary central incisors were obtained with CAD software, Rhinoceros 4.0, and transferred to CAE software, ANSYS 17.2, which a 100N load was applied in a 45° on the lingual surface to simulate functional movements. Geometry contacts were bonded, and the structures were isotropic, linear, elastics, and homogeneous. After coherence and convergence analysis of mashes, the chosen fail criterion was the maximum principal stresses. Results: For cement, glass fiber post, the stress distribution was similar independently of glass fiber post presence or veneer thickness. Models with glass fiber post had better stress distribution and lower values of maximum stress for inner dentin and veneers. Veneers with 0.5 and 1 mm had higher stress concentration areas. Conclusions: It can be concluded that glass fiber post is favorable for restored teeth with direct veneers, and very thin or very thick preparations can damage the biomechanical behavior of restorations.KeywordsDental veneers; Finite element analysis; Nonvital tooth; Post and core technique.
Fracture resistance of teeth obturated with two different types of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Cements
Authors: Ballal Nidambur Vasudev , Rao Sheetal , Yoo Junsang , Ginjupalli Kishore , Toledano Manuel , Al-Haj Husain Nadin , Özcan Mutlu
Published: July 2020

Objective: Endodontically obturated teeth have lower fracture resistance depending on the obturating material and technique. The purpose of this study was therefore to evaluate the influence of ProRoot MTA (Dentsply Sirona, Tulsa Division) and OrthoMTA III (BioMTA, Daejeon, Korea) as an obturating material on the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth. Material and Methods: Thirty extracted human maxillary central incisors were decoronated and instrumented using Protaper instruments (size F5). Irrigation was performed with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite between each instrument change followed by 7% maleic acid for one minute. Finally, canals were flushed with 5 ml of PBS solution for one minute. Samples were then divided into three groups. Group I- positive control (no root canal filling); Group II- obturation with ProRoot MTA; Group III- obturation with OrthoMTA III. Ten teeth were randomly selected as a negative control in which no treatment was performed. All the specimens were then subjected to fracture strength testing using universal testing machine. For evaluation of biomineralization, six maxillary central incisors were divided into two groups. Group I obturated with ProRoot MTA and group II obturated with OrthoMTA III. These samples were subjected to SEM analysis. Results: Positive control group demonstrated the least fracture resistance, while OrthoMTA III group showed the highest fracture resistance. There was no significant difference between negative control group and ProRoot MTA groups (p=0.821). OrthoMTA III group showed better tubular biomineralization when compared to ProRoot MTA. Conclusions: Root canals obturated with OrthoMTA III had better fracture resistance and increased tubular biomineralization compared to ProRoot MTA. Since root canals obturated with OrthoMTA III had better fracture resistance, it can be used as a promising obturating material.KeywordsBiomineralization; Fracture Resistance; OrthoMTA III; ProRoot MTA; Root Canal; Tubular.
Use of a Partially Hydrolyzed 100% Whey-Based Infant Formula with Lactobacillus Reuteri in Infants with Caregiver-Perceived Intolerance
Authors: Czerkies Laura M. , Finn Kristen L. , Kineman Brian D. , Reichert Heidi A. , Cohen Sarah S. , Carvalho Ryan S.
Published: July 2020

This study evaluated the impact of switching exclusively formula-fed infants with caregiver-perceived formula intolerance to a reduced lactose, partially hydrolyzed 100% whey-based formula (PHF-W) with Lactobacillus reuteri and 2-fucosyllactose.

Infants identified as ‘very’ or ‘extremely’ fussy by caregivers were eligible for this single-arm, single-blind study. Subjects switched their current formula to study formula for three weeks. Gastrointestinal tolerance was assessed by the Infant Gastrointestinal Symptom Questionnaire (IGSQ) at baseline and end of the study. Caregivers ranked their infants’ fussiness (not at all, slightly, moderately, very, extremely) after the first three feedings of study formula and 24 hours after enrollment. A paired t-test was used to compare the change in IGSQ score, and a paired t-test and Wilcoxon signed rank test were used to compare post-feeding fussiness scores to baseline.

Fifty infants (mean±std age 28.9±14.5 days) were enrolled; 41 completed the study per protocol. Mean (±std) baseline IGSQ score was 34.9±10.0, dropping to 22.1±7.5 after three weeks (p < 0.001). 48/50 (96%) caregivers stated their infants’ fussiness improved after 24 hours, and 2 (4%) remained the same. 42/46 (91%) caregivers stated their infants’ fussiness improved after the first feeding, and 4 (9%) remained the same. Caregiver-ranked fussiness significantly improved after the first, second, and third feedings and after 24 hours as compared to baseline (p < 0.001 for all).

IGSQ scores significantly improved after three weeks of feeding with PHF-W containing Lactobacillus reuteri and 2-fucosyllactose in infants with caregiver-perceived intolerance, and improvements in fussiness were noted as quickly as after the first feeding.
The Implementation Of Higher-Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) In Text-Based Learning At SDN Banyurip 3 Sambungmacan
Authors: Agustina Tiya , Oktavia Wahyu , Inderasari Elen
Published: July 2020

Current learning must be directed at higher-order thinking skills and text-based. This condition certainly requires an adaptation process that is not easy. Based on these problems, this study aims to describe the implementation of Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) in text-based learning at State Elementary School of Banyurip 3 Sambungmacan or called SDN Banyurip 3 Sambungmacan. This research is descriptive qualitative research. Data collection techniques used in this study, namely observation, interviews, and documentation. The documents used in this study are in the form of a syllabus, lesson plans, and photos of the learning process. Data validity is done using the triangulation of sources and methods. The data analysis techniques used include data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and concluding. The formulation of the problems examined in this study shows how (1) HOTS planning in text-based learning (2) HOTS implementation in text-based learning (3) HOTS assessment in text-based learning (4) how the constraints experienced in the application of HOTS in text-based learning. The results showed that the planning and implementation of text-based learning had gone well. The selection of learning components has been able to build a HOTS learning atmosphere. Text-based learning assessments in elementary schools have used authentic assessments. Obstacles experienced by teachers in the process of text-based learning include; arrange the right plan, the difficulty in dividing the time allocation, the selection of the right media, the suitability of learning resources with student characteristics, the integration of interesting learning methods.
The Optimizing Of Student's Mathematical Thinking Skills Through Matematika Nalaria Realistik In Mathematics Olympiad Training At Madrasah Ibtidaiyah
Authors: Rusdin Rusdin , Rusli Rusli
Published: July 2020

This study aimed to select and identify Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) Students' at Sorong City having mathematical Olympiad skills using Matematika Nalaria Realistik (MNR) Learning Model. Through this model, it will be analysed students' mathematical thinking skills, including mathematical comprehension skills, mathematical communication skills, and mathematical reasoning skills. The subject of this research was 33 students in 5th grade and two students in 6th grade at MI Sains Al-Hidayah Sorong City. This study applied the design research method with three phases, namely, preliminary design, teaching experiment, and retrospective analysis. Data on students' mathematical thinking skills were obtained through pre-test and post-test using descriptive analysis in each phase. Results of this study in the preliminary design involving 35 students were obtained pre-test (1) average was 9,74; (2) standard deviation was 15.72. The results of the teaching experiment phase were obtained post-test (1) average was 13,57; (2) standard deviation was 13,75; and (3) an increase of 39,32%. The results of the retrospective analysis involving 7 students were obtained pre-test (1) average was 38,28; (2) standard deviation was 23,09. In the post-test was obtained (1) average was 72,28; (2) standard deviation was 9,81; and (3) an increase of 88,77%. Thus MNR model contributed significantly to improve students' mathematical thinking skills. From 7 students participating in the final phase, three students had good skills, and four students had moderate skills
The Use Of E-Sabak In Mathematics Learning To Optimize Higher-Order Thinking Skills
Authors: Fajri Muhammad
Published: July 2020

This study aims to describe the using of e-sabak in optimizing the higher-order thinking skills in mathematics learning. The obtaining data on the description of mathematics learning through the use of e-sabak in optimizing higher-order thinking skills, this research applied a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. The research instrument utilized observation and documentation guidelines to photograph mathematics learning in optimizing the ability to think at a higher level through the use of e-sabak in fourth-grade students at SDN Pondok Petir 01, Depok City. The results showed: (1) students were happy with new experiences in the use of e-sabak; (2) the use of e-sabak devices can optimize the ability of students to analyze and evaluate phenomena through observation by capturing them using e-sabak; (3) teacher provided the ways of communicating observations in front of the class to students; (4) the ability of students to create a problem-solving context still needs to be optimized through the praxis of learning in the classroom context. This study concluded that the e-sabak device helps the implementation of mathematics teaching to maximize the ability of high-level thinking students in fourth grade SDN Pondok Petir 01, Depok City.
Mathematical Critical Thinking Skill of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Students On Cubes and Beam Volumes Material
Authors: Salahudin Anas , Pratiwi Inne Marthyane , Hidayat Syaeful
Published: July 2020

This research-based on the findings that elementary school students already have mathematical critical thinking skills but have not reached the whole stage of the skills. Critical thinking skills of mathematics is essential for students because critical mathematical thinking can solve the problems and as a consideration to make decisions. This research aims to: (1) explore the critical thinking skills of mathematics of the subject of the volume of cubes and beams; (2) to determine student's difficulties in solving mathematical critical thinking skills test questions on the subject of the volume of cubes and beams. The research used a case study method of 28 students in one of the Islamic elementary schools in Bandung Regency. The data collected in the form of qualitative data obtained through tests of mathematical critical thinking skills, interviews, and document analysis. Data analysis techniques used thematic analysis by analyzing students' learning trajectory. The results showed that most students were still in the low category in the ability of critical thinking. As for the difficulties experienced by students, namely in providing simple explanations and working on problems that are not systematic. For this reason, the improving of students' mathematical critical thinking skills need further research.
Speaking Activities In Madrasah Ibtidaiyah: A Meta Narrative About Character Building And Multiculturalism Point Of View
Authors: Kurdi Muqarramah Sulaiman , Mardiah Mardiah , Kurdi Musyarrafah Sulaiman , Ghazali Usman Muhammad Iqbal , Taslimurrahman Taslimurrahman Taslimurrahman
Published: July 2020

Teaching experience of speaking skills tends to be underestimated by the teacher. Because speaking, especially in Bahasa Indonesia, is considered as the mother tongue used in pupil's daily communication. In general, madrasas ibtidaiyah teachers assume that speaking skills in Bahasa Indonesia are not so essential compared to reading and writing. Speaking skills considered to be something that has been studied by pupils since birth at home so that speaking skills are not emphasized to be taught more on the primary level. When designing the learning process, the teacher only focuses on material and students' cognitive without paying attention to student skills in conveying the context or conversation. This study aims to develop a learning activities model of speaking with the content of character building and a multicultural perspective. The researchers applied the ASSURE model as the approach to developing the learning model. The findings of this study showed that the learning model is carried out by analyzing the characteristics of students, setting learning objectives, choosing media, learning methods, and teaching materials, utilizing teaching materials, involving students in learning activities, evaluating and revising learning programs. The content of character education and multiculturalism perspective are applied as teaching material.
Back to the Future Consequences: Consideration of Future Consequences (CFC) Measure Correlates with Exercise Intensity
Authors: Isch Calvin G. , Nordli Samuel A. , Todd Peter M.
Published: July 2020

From training for a marathon to completing a college degree, long-term goals are used to accomplish several highly-valued life achievements. These goals require present activity with predominantly future benefits, a tradeoff that requires individuals to exert self-control as they work toward their goals. While these goals are highly valued, people frequently fail at achieving them. What individual and situational differences allow some people to succeed at working toward future goals? To address this question, we measured trait and motivational differences alongside exercise behavior, an activity with predominantly future benefits, in a campus gym. Specifically, we measured how the amount people report thinking about and working toward the future, a trait captured by the Consideration of Future Consequences (CFC) questionnaire, correlates with workout behavior. We find that CFC scores predict several aspects of exercise including frequency of engagement, intensity of exercise, and perceived benefits associated with the activity. Overall, our study provides evidence that high CFC individuals, who pay greater attention to future outcomes, exhibit increased present performance to achieve them, a finding that provides evidence on how to aid in the achievement of long-term goals.
El discurso psicológico en el campo educativo: una revisión crítica de su configuración histórica y su devenir actual
Authors: Azrak Adrián
Published: July 2020

Desde sus inicios la Psicología Educacional tuvo el objetivo de procurar herramientas para potenciar el desarrollo de la práctica educativa. Con este sentido, ofreció conocimientos para mejorar el aprendizaje de los alumnos pero también para discriminar a aquellos que presentaran dificultades de acomodación a los ritmos establecidos por la institución escolar. A partir de un análisis histórico, en el presente trabajo se demostrará cómo esta disciplina, condicionada por la coyuntura que permitió su origen en las postrimerías del siglo XIX, participó de manera estratégica en la conformación de un saber que legitimó la práctica escolar y que estableció nuevos circuitos de gobierno para la infancia. Luego, se describirán aquellas perspectivas que desde mediados del siglo XX comenzaron a criticar el paradigma original de la disciplina al poner en descubierto determinadas formas arraigadas y naturalizadas de producción del conocimiento psicológico en el ámbito escolar y así promover un modelo contextual que tomara en cuenta las características amplias del proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje. Finalmente, se concluirá que, a pesar de la fuerza teórica que estas orientaciones han logrado impregnar, la proliferación de diagnósticos psicológicos en las aulas escolares durante las últimas décadas, si bien amparada bajo el argumento de suavizar las fronteras entre educación normal y educación especial, parecería no sólo eclipsar y menguar en gran medida las potencialidades del modelo contextual, sino también trastornar la geografía tradicional de la escuela y conllevar consecuencias de sideral importancia para la configuración actual de la práctica educativa.
Educación para el desarrollo. OCDE, asistencia exterior y reforma de la enseñanza en la España del tardofranquismo
Authors: Delgado Gómez-Escalonilla Lorenzo
Published: July 2020

En el transcurso de los años 60 la OCDE, a través del Programa Regional Mediterráneo, cooperó con las autoridades españolas para promover cambios educativos en el país que afianzasen el crecimiento económico. El objetivo era integrar a España en la «global architecture of education», que concebía las inversiones en formación de capital humano como un factor imprescindible para garantizar el desarrollo y la modernización de las estructuras productivas. En una dirección similar cooperaron la UNESCO, el Banco Mundial y otras organizaciones internacionales, favoreciendo la asistencia exterior en la difusión de métodos y conocimientos que influyeron en la reforma de la enseñanza acometida en España. Los planteamientos recogidos en el PRM se convirtieron en una guía orientadora para las autoridades españolas y se trasladaron a los Planes de Desarrollo, aunque más como tendencias que como realidades, al incumplirse sistemáticamente las previsiones. Pese a todo, aquella influencia internacional significó una apertura a métodos pedagógicos renovadores de la práctica docente y un revulsivo frente a un sistema anquilosado, reaccionario y clasista, que contribuyó a su paulatina transformación. Al inicio de la década siguiente se ensayó una reforma de contenido más global, con la Ley General de Educación de 1970, integrando la dimensión económica con la promoción social para atenuar los conflictos políticos que erosionaban a la dictadura. De nuevo su resultado fue mediocre, esta vez por el efecto combinado de los detractores de dentro y fuera del régimen franquista.
Systems biology graphical notation markup language (SBGNML) version 0.3
Authors: Bergmann Frank T. , Czauderna Tobias , Dogrusoz Ugur , Rougny Adrien , Dräger Andreas , Touré Vasundra , Mazein Alexander , Blinov Michael L. , Luna Augustin
Published: July 2020

This document defines Version 0.3 Markup Language (ML) support for the Systems Biology Graphical Notation (SBGN), a set of three complementary visual languages developed for biochemists, modelers, and computer scientists. SBGN aims at representing networks of biochemical interactions in a standard, unambiguous way to foster efficient and accurate representation, visualization, storage, exchange, and reuse of information on all kinds of biological knowledge, from gene regulation, to metabolism, to cellular signaling. SBGN is defined neutrally to programming languages and software encoding; however, it is oriented primarily towards allowing models to be encoded using XML, the eXtensible Markup Language. The notable changes from the previous version include the addition of attributes for better specify metadata about maps, as well as support for multiple maps, sub-maps, colors, and annotations. These changes enable a more efficient exchange of data to other commonly used systems biology formats (e. g., BioPAX and SBML) and between tools supporting SBGN (e. g., CellDesigner, Newt, Krayon, SBGN-ED, STON, cd2sbgnml, and MINERVA). More details on SBGN and related software are available at http://sbgn.org. With this effort, we hope to increase the adoption of SBGN in bioinformatics tools, ultimately enabling more researchers to visualize biological knowledge in a precise and unambiguous manner.
Mark Sedgwick (2019): Gegen die moderne Welt: Die geheime Geistesgeschichte des 20. Jahrhunderts
Authors: Wintersteiger Mario
Published: July 2020

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Comparative Genomic Analyses and a Novel Linkage Map for Cisco (Coregonus artedi) Provide Insights into Chromosomal Evolution and Rediploidization Across Salmonids
Authors: Blumstein Danielle M , Campbell Matthew A , Hale Matthew C , Sutherland Ben J G , McKinney Garrett J , Stott Wendylee , Larson Wesley A
Published: July 2020

Whole-genome duplication (WGD) is hypothesized to be an important evolutionary mechanism that can facilitate adaptation and speciation. Genomes that exist in states of both diploidy and residual tetraploidy are of particular interest, as mechanisms that maintain the ploidy mosaic after WGD may provide important insights into evolutionary processes. The Salmonidae family exhibits residual tetraploidy, and this, combined with the evolutionary diversity formed after an ancestral autotetraploidization event, makes this group a useful study system. In this study, we generate a novel linkage map for cisco (Coregonus artedi), an economically and culturally important fish in North America and a member of the subfamily Coregoninae, which previously lacked a high-density haploid linkage map. We also conduct comparative genomic analyses to refine our understanding of chromosomal fusion/fission history across salmonids. To facilitate this comparative approach, we use the naming strategy of protokaryotype identifiers (PKs) to associate duplicated chromosomes to their putative ancestral state. The female linkage map for cisco contains 20,292 loci, 3,225 of which are likely within residually tetraploid regions. Comparative genomic analyses revealed that patterns of residual tetrasomy are generally conserved across species, although interspecific variation persists. To determine the broad-scale retention of residual tetrasomy across the salmonids, we analyze sequence similarity of currently available genomes and find evidence of residual tetrasomy in seven of the eight chromosomes that have been previously hypothesized to show this pattern. This interspecific variation in extent of rediploidization may have important implications for understanding salmonid evolutionary histories and informing future conservation efforts.
2019 Novel Coronavirus COVID-19 (2019-nCoV) Data Repository
Authors: Miller Meg
Published: July 2020

This review provides an overview of 2019 Novel Coronavirus COVID-19 (2019-nCoV) Data Repository compiled by the Johns Hopkins University Center for Systems Science and Engineering. It provides a background of how the repository was compiled, the data included and how the repo is being made use of in a Canadian academic library context.
Role of Protein Kinase C in Diabetic Complications
Authors:   Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab-140401, India, Grewal Amarjot Kaur ,   Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab-140401, India, Arora Sandeep ,   Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab-140401, India, Singh Thakur Gurjeet ,   Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab-140401, India
Published: July 2020

Diabetes is the most common and systemic disorder associated with hyperglycemia which is the significant factor in the development of micro- and macrovascular changes. Many mechanistic approaches i.e. activation of Protein kinase C, glycation end products production, hexosamine pathway and polyol pathway induce cellular damage and lead to the development of diabetic complications like nephropathy, neuropathy, retinopathy, and myopathy. One of the adverse effects of long-lasting hyperglycemia is activation of PKC (intracellular signaling enzyme) and has become a field of great research interest. Hence, in this review special emphasis is placed on microvascular complications which are due to activation of PKC. Clinical trials have also been conducted using selective PKC inhibitors and have shown positive results against hyperglycemia.
Altazor o el viaje en paracaídas: creación transdisciplinaria en espacios alternativos a partir del displazement
Authors: Paulín Ríos María Teresa , Pérez Cesari María de Lourdes , Simón Fuentes Mayra Edith
Published: July 2020

La puesta en escena Altazor o el viaje en paracaídas, dirigido por María Teresa Paulín Ríos a partir del poema de Vicente Huidobro, es un proyecto de investigación transdisciplinaria financiado por el Programa de Mejoramiento del Profesorado (PROMEP). Su objetivo fue la creación de un espacio íntimo a través de un lenguaje nacido del sincretismo entre el displazement, la disciplina del desplazamiento, y el teatro. Para adquirir la técnica del primero se requiere de un alto grado de compromiso físico y emocional y al igual que la actuación, se basa en la inteligencia creadora del practicante. Tras semanas de intenso trabajo, los actores lograron sustraer el peso de sus cuerpos a través del control del movimiento, convirtiendo el espacio en un universo dónde actores y espectadores pudieron compartir su mundo interior.
La ciudad como un libro abierto: el flâneur como lector y escritor del espacio híbrido a través de la práctica artística
Authors: Torrecilla Elia
Published: July 2020

La metáfora de la ciudad como libro abierto despierta la curiosidad de un paseante-lector, ávido por descifrar el enigma urbano. Caminar es un acto poético que ha quedado ejemplificado a través de la figura del flâneur, paseante urbano por excelencia, quien a cada paso toma contacto directo con la ciudad y extrae de ella un relato. A partir de la premisa de que la ciudad es un texto y caminar una forma de lectura y escritura, el presente artículo propone la recuperación de la figura del flâneur moderno para adaptarlo a contextos posteriores, especialmente, aquellos generados por el uso de las tecnologías. En estos contextos, la actualización del flâneur va a permitir abordar un conjunto de prácticas artísticas contemporáneas, donde los creadores asumen su actitud para promover diferentes lecturas de una ciudad palimpsesto. Finalmente, se expone un proyecto personal donde se hace un uso creativo de la tecnología móvil para reivindicar la presencia en las calles como forma de enriquecimiento de la experiencia urbana. De esta manera, cuestiones como la vigilancia y el control que vienen dadas por la tecnología son subvertidas a través del arte, que se sirve del potencial de los medios locativos para proponer una apropiación poética del espacio.
Derivas representacionales del cuerpo pornográfico en la cinematografía de Erika Lust
Authors: Escarpetta-Pineda Danna Carolina
Published: July 2020

La pornografía puede situarse como un dispositivo mediante el cual se construye y expone el cuerpo con la finalidad de normar prácticas y conductas de carácter social, prescribiendo la sexualidad. El presente artículo se enfoca en discutir las representaciones corporales y de la sexualidad en tres cortometrajes, cuyo posicionamiento discursivo se ha ubicado entre lo alternativo y lo postporno. Con base en dichas representaciones, se analiza hasta qué punto estos audiovisuales reproducen o no el discurso normalizador de la sexualidad androcéntrica, a partir de una comparación con las representaciones comunes en la pornografía tradicional y de la observación en la construcción de los sujetos y objetos de deseo dentro de las narrativas de cada cortometraje. Además, se generan cuestionamientos sobre si sus contenidos políticos nos permitirían hablar de la exposición de un cuerpo postpornográfico, considerando la decodificación o recodificación de la sexualidad desde el lente pornográfico y la mirada subjetiva erótica.
SUNNY HOUSE WITH A VEGETARIAN
Authors: Zubareva G. I
Published: July 2020

The relevance of passive energy saving technologies in energy efficient low-rise construction in Russia is indicated. The definition of a passive house and its feature is given. Indicated that an attractive source of energy for heating the house is the energy of the sun. The definition of a solar house is given. The requirements for a solar passive house during its design are described: compact form of the house, optimal orientation of the house to the cardinal points, differentiation of glazing at home, passive use of solar energy, etc. It is noted that the most common system of passive heating of a house is to heat insulated glazed volume between nature and internal space of the house (vegetarian). The definition of a vegetarian is given, its design, features and advantages are described. Considered and analyzed various ways of heating solar houses from a vegetarian: a semi-direct, indirect, thermosiphon system with heating and circulation of warm air around the house. The classification of solar houses is discussed depending on the architectural solution for the placement of the vegetarian: a detached house with a vegetarian; a house with a vegetarian adjoining its main living space; a house located with a vegetarian under a common roof; a house with a vegetarian built into its living volume, a house with a “double shell”. The following types of vegetarians are listed: attached to an existing house, built into the house or being a “second shell” for the house. Practical recommendations for optimal work of a vegetarian are given: the need for special glazing (thermal mirror), protection from sunlight in the summer. The conclusion is made about the prospects of solar houses with a vegetarian due to the clear advantages of the passive heating system of the house and a high architectural and aesthetic level.
USING THE STRESS-WAVE THEORY TO DETERMINE THE BEARING CAPACITY OF PILES
Authors: Ofrikhter I. V , Ponomaryov A. B
Published: July 2020

High strain dynamic pile testing is usual practice, and has many benefits that make its use highly attractive. However, it requires careful preparation, specific equipment, attention to detail and testing engineer skill to properly perform these tests. Engineer skills for testing largely determines the non-proliferation of the method in Russia. Without of understanding wave equation analyses, the test engineer may not realize when results are valid, or when capacity results may be only a lower bound. It is widely known that the capacity of driven piles may change with time after installation and for that reason restrike tests are generally recommended. It is also generally stated that the set per blow should be at least 2 mm, or otherwise the dynamic test may only yield a lower bound solution. To confirm or refute these recommendations, an analysis of the existing test database was conducted, as well as an analysis of the tests performed at the Perm region facilities. The article presents the conclusions of this analysis and practical recommendations.
THE ANALYSIS OF DEFECTS AND REPAIR METHODS OF THE FRONT LAYER OF BRICKWORK OF MULTILAYER WALLS ON THE EXAMPLE OF A RESIDENTIAL BUILDING IN PERM
Authors: Izbitskaya Y. S , Kaloshina S. V , Zolotozubov D. G
Published: July 2020

The article discusses the problem of defects in the front layer of brickwork of multilayer walls. At many facilities constructed using the technology of laminated masonry with brick facing, after several years of operation, defects such as vertical cracks in the masonry face layer and destruction of the bricks of the face layer begin to appear. These defects violate the aesthetic appearance of the building, reduce the thermal characteristics of the external walls, and, in some cases, can lead to the collapse of certain sections of the brick cladding layer. This problem is considered on the example of a 10-storey residential building with external multilayer walls, located in Perm. The building was commissioned in 2005, but already in 2010, many defects of the front layer of masonry were discovered. The article provides data obtained during surveys carried out in 2010 and 2019. The main defects of the external masonry verst are described, among which one can distinguish the destruction of the masonry face layer, vertical cracks, the absence of stitching along the supporting corner of the masonry, and the absence of expansion joints. The main causes of damage are associated with numerous deviations from the project. The results of calculating the outer verst of brickwork for eccentric compression are presented. As measures aimed at eliminating defects, the article describes possible methods of repairing the face masonry: the installation of vertical and horizontal expansion joints, longitudinal reinforcement and anchoring with BIT rods to prevent the development of vertical cracks and destruction of the masonry.