bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Construction of a Model for Assessing the Comfort of Residential Indoor Environment Based on Multisensory Design
Authors:   School of Design Art, Wuxi institute of Technology, Wuxi 214121, Jiangsu, China., Wang Guosheng
Published: October 2024

Economic development and technological progress have made people’s demand for indoor environments higher and higher, and designing safe, comfortable, and healthy indoor environments through multisensory design is worthy of serious consideration. In order to realize the assessment of indoor environment comfort under multi-sensory design, this paper carries out data assessment from three dimensions of thermal environment, light environment and air environment. Relying on the PMV model of thermal environment comfort, we analyze the trends of indoor temperature and humidity, average radiant temperature, and PMV values. Combine Weber-Fechler and lighting coefficient to study the visual comfort change of indoor light environment, and analyze the lighting illuminance of indoor light environment under different working conditions by illuminance uniformity. From the basic principle of indoor wind environment, the changes of effective temperature difference and blowing sense caused by air temperature and wind speed are investigated. The temperature difference of the south-facing room decreased between 12.14% and 15.65% before and after the heating was stopped, which is a small change. The average indoor ambient radiant temperature values at different measurement points were up to 27.59 °C, and the fluctuations of the average indoor thermal ambient PMV values were within the range of [-1.2,1.6]. When the indoor light ambient illuminance value increased from 200 lux to 600 lux, the visual comfort improvement was more significant than from 600 lux to 1000 lux. The indoor air distribution characteristic ADPI value was 100% when the air velocity was 0.15m/s and 0.25m/s. Based on the results of indoor environment comfort assessment, multisensory optimization of indoor environment comfort from heat, light and air environments is proposed to provide guidance for improving people’s satisfaction with indoor environment.
Siirt ve Şırnak illerinde hasat edilmiş bazı süzme balların kalite parametrelerinin belirlenmesi
Authors: Akkemik Ebru , İnal Behcet , Elma Karakaş Duygu , Gök Mesut , Çalışır Ümit , Özdemir Oğuzhan , Rüstemoğlu Mustafa , Baycar Abdullah
Published: October 2024

2016-2017 yıllarında Siirt ve Şırnak illerinde hasat edilen 30 adet süzme çiçek balının kalite parametreleri incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla balda nem, elektriksel iletkenlik, pH, serbest asitlik, , hidroksimetil furfural (HMF), kül analizi, prolin, şeker bileşenleri (glikoz, früktoz, sakkaroz ve maltoz) , C3/C4 analizi yapılmıştır. 30 adet balda üç tekerrürlü analiz yapılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında kullanılan 2016 yılında hasat edilen eski mahsul balların genel olarak yeni mahsul ballardan daha fazla nem içerdiği tespit edilmiştir. Bununla beraber Siirt ilinden hasat edilen ballarda organik asit, protein ve mineral içeriğinin daha yüksek olduğunu gözlenmiştir. Eski ve yeni mahsul balların pH değerleri kıyaslandığında, eski balların pH’nın yeni ballara göre daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmada kullanılan tüm ballar serbest asitlik açısından tebliğe uygun bulunmuştur. Şeker bileşenleri analizi sonuçlarına göre kristalleşme eğiliminin az olduğunu söylenebilir. Ayrıca bazı balların ısıl işleme maruz kalması ya da depolama koşullarının uygun olmaması sebepleriyle eski ballardaki HMF oranının yeni ballara göre yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Diastaz sayısı hem Siirt hem de Şırnak ballarında Şırnak8 balı hariç tebliğe uygun bulunmuştur.
A Global Scientometric Analysis of Human Infections of the Blood Parasite Babesia spp.
Authors: Aydemir Selahattin , Çakır Fatih , Özbek Asım , Kaçak Kenan
Published: October 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı, gelecekteki bilimsel ve klinik araştırmaların yönünü daha iyi anlayabilmek için Babesia spp. ile ilgili araştırma odaklarını ve eğilimlerini ortaya koymaktır. Babesia spp. ile ilgili makaleler, Web of Science veri tabanından sistematik olarak tarandı. VOSviewer yazılımı kullanılarak, Babesia spp. üzerine yapılan araştırmalarla ilişkilendirilen ülkeler, kurumlar, yazarlar, referanslar ve anahtar kelimeler görsel olarak analiz edildi. Bu bibliyometrik analize toplam 1805 yayın dahil edildi. Bu yayınlar, 1970 ile 2022 yılları arasında, özellikle Amerika Birleşik Devletleri olmak üzere 124 farklı ülkede yayımlanmıştır. En fazla yayın yapılan yıl 2021 olmuştur. Zaman içinde insan babesiosisi ile ilgili yayınların sayısındaki artış, Babesia spp.’nin küresel olarak giderek daha fazla önem kazandığını göstermektedir. İnsan babesiosisi için etkili kontrol stratejileri belirlemek amacıyla, gelişmiş ülkelerdeki araştırmacılar ile gelişmekte olan ülkelerdeki meslektaşlar arasında iş birliği ve ortak araştırmalar teşvik edilmelidir.
Yeraltı madenciliği sonrası oluşan yeniden kullanım alanlarının halka açılması örnekleri
Authors: Kozak Mehmet
Published: October 2024

Türkiye'de özellikle son yıllarda madencilik sektörüne verilen önem artmakta ve yeraltı madenciliği faaliyetleri de artış göstermektedir. Bu doğrultuda, madencilik faaliyetlerinin çevresel etkilerinin azaltılması ve halkın bilgilendirilmesi için çeşitli projelerin hayata geçirilmesi zorunluluk haline gelmektedir. Eski maden sahaları kapatma sonrasında; yaban hayatı koruma, turizm ve dinlence, sulama veya içme suyu depolama, tarım, eğitim, kimyasal üretim, atık ve pasa depolama amaçları için kullanılabilmektedir. Bu çalışma ile dünyada ve ülkemizde yeraltı madenciliği sonrası oluşan yeniden kullanım alanlarının halka açılmasına örnekler verilmiştir. İncelenen örneklerde genellikle yeraltı madenciliği sonrası oluşan yeniden kullanım alanlarının; gezi turizmi, sağlık turizmi ve eğitim amaçlı kullanıldığı görülmüştür. Yeraltı madenciliği sonrası oluşan yeniden kullanım alanlarının yeni kullanım önerileri için gerekli bilimsel çalışmaların ve yatırımların yapılması büyük öneme sahiptir. Sonuç olarak, yeraltı madenciliği sonrası oluşan yeniden kullanım alanlarının halka açılması; çevresel etkilerin azaltılması, madencilik faaliyetlerinin toplumla uyumlu hale getirilmesi ve yerel ekonomiye katkı sağlanması açısından oldukça önemlidir. Türkiye ve dünyada yeraltı madenciliği sonrası oluşan yeniden kullanım alanlarının halka açılmasına farklı kullanım örnekleri bulunmakta ve bu örneklerden yararlanarak daha sürdürülebilir bir madencilik sektörü oluşturulmasının mümkün olacağı düşünülmektedir.
Deep Learning for Automatic Classification of Fruits and Vegetables: Evaluation from the Perspectives of Efficiency and Accuracy
Authors: Parlak Sönmez Demet , Kılıç Şafak
Published: October 2024

Within the agricultural domain, accurately categorizing the freshness levels of fruits and vegetables holds immense significance, as this classification enables early detection of spoilage and allows for appropriate grouping of products based on their intended export destinations. These processes necessitate a system capable of meticulously classifying fruits and vegetables while minimizing labor expenditures. The current study concentrates on developing an advanced model that can effectively categorize the freshness status of each fruit and vegetable as 'good,' 'medium,' or 'spoiled.' To achieve this objective, various artificial intelligence models, including CNN, AlexNet, ResNet50, GoogleNet, VGG16, and EfficientB3, have been implemented, attaining remarkable success rates of 99.75%, 97.97%, 96.71%, 99.49%, 98.75%, and 99.81%, respectively.
I.	İklim Değişikliği ve Sürdürebilirlik Çalıştayı
Authors: Sabancı Serkan , Uzun Ali , Akova İsmet , Balcı Akova Süheyla , Doğan Mesut , Sertkaya Doğan Özlem , Bayrakdar Cihan , Şahin Güven , Sol Belgin , Sandıkçıoğlu Merve , Gürsoy Yüksel
Published: October 2024

İklim değişikliği ve küresel ısınma sanayi devriminden sonra dünyanın gündemine girmeye başlamış ve günümüzün en önemli sorunlarından biri haline gelmiştir. İklim dinamik bir süreçtir. Bu değişiklikler süreklilik arz etmesine rağmen sanayi devriminden günümüze kadar olan artışta insan faaliyetlerinin önemli etkileri vardır. Son 150 yılda dünya ölçeğindeki 1,3 °C’lik artış, Avrupa’da 2,3 °C ile dünya ortalamasının 1 °C üzerindedir. Bu artış dalgalanmalar göstermekle birlikte 1970’lerden günümüze süreklilik arz etmektedir. Dünyanın birçok yerinde başta Birleşmiş Milletler, Avrupa Birliği gibi kuruluşlar bu artışlara çözüm olarak birçok faaliyet yürütmektedir. Ancak ortaya konulan raporlar ve protokoller çözüm üretememiş ve sıcaklıklar artmaya devam etmiştir. 1960’larda karbondioksit değerleri 291 ppm iken günümüzde 418 ppm olmuştur. Isınma dünyanın her bölgesinde aynı değildir. En riskli bölgelerin başında orta kuşak gelmektedir. Subtropikal iklim kuşağı içinde yer alan ülkemizde Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi ve çalıştayı gerçekleştirdiğimiz Siirt ilindeki öngörülen değişiklik 5 °C’nin üzerinde olacağı tahmin edilmektedir. Bu duruma bölgemizi ve şehrimizi hazırlamalı ve adaptasyon süreçleri ile alakalı daha fazla bilimsel çalışma yapılmalıdır.
Исследование процессов тепломассопереноса в нефтяной скважине с~призабойным нагревателем различной длины
Authors: Пинягин Дмитрий Сергеевич , Труфанова Наталия Михайловна , Костарев Никита Александрович
Published: October 2024

This paper considers a three-dimensional mathematical model of heat and mass transfer in an oil well with a bottom-hole heater. The vertical section of an oil well with an electric bottom-hole heater device for wells with highly viscous and paraffinic oil was investigated. The bottomhole heater is a monolithic cylinder located in the lower part of the tubing. The tubing contains perforations through which the oil fluid enters the tubing. The use of a local heater in the near-wellbore area makes it possible to increase the temperature of the fluid flowing through it, thereby reducing the viscosity of the oil and the load on the electric centrifugal pump, for which the critical value of the viscosity of the pumped medium is determined. The implementation of this model was carried out by the finite volume method using the ANSYS engineering simulation software. The geometry of finite elements and the finite volume mesh generated, an analogue of a continuous computational domain,  were constructed by the MESH preprocessor. The finite volume mesh consists of polyhedral elements. Using the model, the fields of temperature, velocity and viscosity were obtained throughout the entire volume of the area under study. The curves showing the dependence of the average temperature of the cross section on the longitudinal coordinate of the tubing and the dependence of the average temperature at the inlet to an electric centrifugal pump on the heater power are presented. The viscosity value at the maximum permissible temperature of the heater, as well as the value of sufficient heater power to ensure uninterrupted pumping of petroleum liquid, were determined. The results obtained can be used to significantly improve the operating efficiency of an electric centrifugal pump, to increase the turnaround time and to reduce material costs during field development.
О возмущениях горизонтального стратифицированного течения, обусловленных неоднородным объемным тепловыделением
Authors: Ингель Лев Ханаанович
Published: October 2024

The linear stationary perturbations of horizontal stratified flows of an ideal medium caused by horizontally inhomogeneous volume sources of buoyancy have been studied analytically. Such problems have many applications including, in particular, geophysical ones. An example is the interaction of wind in the troposphere with the region of moist convection, in which heat release in phase transitions is significant. Unlike a number of other works, this study focuses on the perturbations trapped within the lower layer of the medium, which exist at rather small or at sufficiently large horizontal scales of inhomogeneities. To solve such problems, the representation of the non-periodic function as a Fourier integral (i.e., as a series expansion into harmonic components) is often used, and the superposition of horizontal harmonics is considered. The properties of such harmonics, depending on their horizontal scales are qualitatively different. Thus, the known interval of scales basically corresponds to the generation of internal gravitational waves, while other scales are associated with the occurrence of trapped perturbations. Since the superposition of such perturbations is very complex and its analytical study is unfeasible, it seems appropriate to analyze in detail the solution for an individual harmonic. This is the focus of the present work. The proposed approach made it possible to obtain and analyze the solutions in an explicit and transparent analytical form. In addition to the velocity, temperature, and pressure fields, the expressions for the vorticity and helicity of the resulting disturbances were obtained. The analysis of the results revealed the possibility of resonant amplification of the amplitudes of perturbations and the depth of their penetration into the medium, when the time of a horizontal flow past the source coincides with the characteristic period of buoyancy or inertial period.
О рассеянии релеевских и продольных сейсмических волн на локальной неровности грунта
Authors: Заславский Юрий Михайлович , Заславский Владислав Юрьевич
Published: October 2024

A three-dimensional (3D) numerical simulation of scattering of seismic surface Rayleigh and longitudinal waves propagating through the ground, the density and elasticity of which are typical of geomedium. At the soil boundary, there is local unevenness in the form of a hollow hemispherical notch (a truncated sphere). The dependence of the direction of the scattering field on the type of inhomogeneity is shown. From literature it is known that in the transition to another type of heterogeneity, for instance, to covering the boundary with a thin inert (massive) layer in the form of a circle, the forward scattering occurs. A pulsed mode of inhomogeneity probing is considered. As an emitter, it is proposed to use a short pulse source, e.g., a hydroacoustic emitter, or something similar - a pulsating monopole, shallowly immersed under the free boundary. This leads to the generation of such elastic waves as the surface Rayleigh and back-reflected longitudinal waves, which are usually recorded using an array of seismic receivers installed on the free boundary according to the grid pattern. The spatial amplitude distribution of the wave field is analyzed in the vertical (at the center of the inhomogeneity) and horizontal (at the free boundary) sections of the medium. The characteristic features of the wave field are caused by the influence of its scattering on the local inhomogeneity. The features in the image of wave reliefs that arise at the intersection of the wave fronts of longitudinal waves - reflected from the free boundary and scattered on the local inhomogeneity - are studied. Informative signs, indicating the presence of the local heterogeneity and enable diagnostics of its parameters are established. The ways to improve the validity and reliability of algorithms for detection and classification of inhomogeneities and for evaluation of their difficulties using the listed types of waves are discussed. Based on the use of increasingly shorter probing pulses, the possibility of a detailed representation of reliefs and, consequently, the potentially achievable spatial resolution in probing the local subsurface inhomogeneities are demonstrated.
Конвективные режимы псевдопластической жидкости в квадратной полости при воздействии высокочастотных вибраций в условиях пониженной гравитации
Authors: Никулина Светлана Анатольевна , Перминов Анатолий Викторович , Любимова Татьяна Петровна
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we investigate convective modes of pseudoplastic fluid in a square cavity with solid perfectly heat-conducting boundaries under reduced gravity. The cavity performs vertical linearly polarized high-frequency vibrations. Between the vertical walls of the cavity a temperature drop is prescribed in the direction perpendicular to vibrations and the field of gravity. The fluid rheology is described using the Williamson model. The problem is solved based on the averaged thermovibration convection equations for nonlinear viscous fluids. The vibration intensity is determined by the vibration parameter V, which is proportional to the ratio of the amplitude of the vibration acceleration to the free-fall acceleration and does not depend on the temperature difference.  The problem is found to have two types of solutions, which we call Newtonian and non-Newtonian modes. These solutions correspond to different convective structures, for which the dependences of the maximum of the stream function and the Nusselt number on the Grashof number are derived. We use these dependences  for determining at different values of rheological parameters the threshold values of the Grasgof numbers, corresponding to the change in the modes of stationary averaged convection and the critical Grasgof numbers, corresponding to the loss of stability of stationary averaged flow and the occurrence of oscillatory modes of averaged convection. The structures of different modes of averaged stationary and oscillatory convection are studied. The results obtained for the Newtonian mode have shown that at small values of the Grasgoff number, a slow one-vortex stationary convective flow is realized in the cavity. With increasing the Grasgoff number it transforms into a three-vortex flow. A further increase in the Grasgoff number results in the appearance of a four-vortex convective flow, which eventually transforms again into a three-vortex motion.  At even greater Gr, the stationary averaged motion becomes unstable and the oscillatory modes appear in the cavity. For the non-Newtonian mode, a stationary convective flow is the basic flow pattern detected in the cavity; the oscillatory modes are not observed in the whole investigated range of the Grasgoff numbers.
Моделирование течения воздуха в упруго-деформируемой пористой среде, аппроксимирующей легкие человека: структура модели, ее основные уравнения и разрешающие соотношения
Authors: Трусов Петр Валентинович , Зайцева Нина Владимировна , Цинкер Михаил Юрьевич , Нурисламов Владислав Владимирович
Published: October 2024

This paper is devoted to refining the mathematical model of the human respiratory system designed to predict the occurrence of respiratory pathologies caused by the negative effects of atmospheric air pollution. It is difficult to identify individual air channels in the human lungs, consisting of small respiratory tracts, called alveoli, through which oxygen from the air passes into blood. Therefore, the human lungs are modeled as a two-phase elastically deformable saturated porous medium, in which one phase is the deformable skeleton of the medium (lung tissue) described by the model of deformable solid body, and the other phase is gas filling the porous space. We construct the model of air flow in the human lungs, which consists of the sub-model of elastic deformation of the porous lung medium, experiencing large displacement gradients, and the sub-model of air filtration through the deformable porous medium. The model takes into account the relationships between sub-models of the respiratory system, i.e. we consider the coupled problems of deformation and filtration in differential form.  Since at present the analytical solution of the stated essentially nonlinear problem is unfeasible, the problem is formulated in a generalized weak form to allow subsequent application of numerical methods using the Galerkin method. For the numerical solution of the nonlinear problem of deformation of the two-phase lung medium, it is suggested to use the finite element method, for the filtration problem - the finite volume method. The resolving relations needed to solve the formulated sub-problems are derived. To solve the nonlinear problem, we developed algorithms and a set of programs. The description of these computational tools, as well as analysis of the results obtained will be presented in our the next paper.
Конечно-элементное моделирование нелинейных задач упругости в абсолютных узловых координатах на неструктурированных шестигранных сетках
Authors: Караваев Александр Сергеевич , Копысов Сергей Петрович
Published: October 2024

We consider a finite element approach to solving the problem of elasticity theory in terms of absolute nodal coordinate formulation (ANCF), in which  large body displacements are described in a global reference frame without using any local coordinate system. The main feature of the method is the absence of gyroscopic effects and, as a result,  constancy of the mass matrix and the vector of the generalized force of gravity. In contrast to the traditional ANCF approach, the sets of nodal degrees of freedom of the finite element are formed only on the basis  of absolute coordinates of nodes, which allows us to solve the problem using,  in particular,  unstructured hexahedral meshes. To construct the stiffness matrix, we apply a second-order automatic differentiation algorithm, which ensures its symmetrical form (Hessian matrix) and is analytically accurate in calculating the derivative. This approach also makes it possible to carry out calculations for models of hyperelastic materials without the corresponding Piola-Kirchhoff tensor. It has been shown that within the framework of discretization of the equation of motion, along with the well-known Newmark numerical integration scheme, it is possible to use the HTT-α scheme, which is unconditionally stable, second-order accurate and dissipative for high frequencies. We present several examples of solving static and dynamic elasticity problems for compressible and incompressible models of hyperelastic materials,  in which the functions of  internal energy density  of the body are specified in terms of the deformation gradient.
Моделирование гидродинамики жидкого металла в ячейке МГД-сепаратора
Authors: Мамыкин Андрей Дмитриевич , Озерных Владимир Сергеевич
Published: October 2024

Ensuring the purity of metals and alloys is a key problem in both the metallurgical and nuclear industries. The difference in the electrical conductivity of the molten metal and impurity particles allows their separation from each other in a non-contact way using an electromagnetic force. In addition to the implementation of phase separation, such force inevitably sets the liquid metal in motion, changing the velocity distribution in the separation cells. This effect is most pronounced in channels of rectangular geometry and therefore should be studied extensively. In this paper, we numerically study the hydrodynamics in a separation cell in the presence of partitions of various configurations and in the presence or absence of an external weighting electromagnetic force with the aim to determine the cell geometry providing the most efficient separation and accumulation of impurity particles in it during the cyclic pumping of liquid metal. It has been found that the intense force action leads to the occurrence of parasitic vortices in the channel, which reduce the efficiency of the separation process. The initial flow velocity does not practically affect the topology of the flow in the channel, whereas the height and configuration of the baffles inside the channel, together with the magnitude of the external weighting force have a significant effect on the flow of liquid metal. It is shown that in the zones between the baffles, the parasitic vortices that could potentially facilitate the washout of impurity from this space are not formed. Based on the results of numerical study the optimum configuration of the MHD-separator cell is selected. It corresponds to the mode with the most effective separation according to four parameters: partition height, magnitude of the external weighting electromagnetic force, flow velocity, and topology of intermediate partitions.
Bioinformatics analysis reveals PIH1D1 as an important prognostic marker in breast cancer
Authors: Singh Dhiraj Kumar , Jit Bimal , Gupta Rashmi , Verma Amit Kumar , Mir Riyaz Ahmad
Published: October 2024

R2TP (Rvb1, Rvb2, Tah1, and Pih1) complex was initially discovered as a Heat shock protein 90 associated multimeric protein complex in yeast and is highly conserved in mammals. In Human R2TP complex is known by different names including RUVBL1 for Rvb1, RuvBL2 for Rvb2, RPAP3 (RNA polymerase II-associated protein 3) for Tah1 and PIH1D1 for Pih1, and known to be a specialized Co-chaperone of Hsp-90 protein. This multimeric-protein complex is involved in the assembly and maturation of several multisubunit complexes including RNA polymerase II, small nucleolar ribonucleoproteins, and complexes containing phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase-like kinases. Nevertheless, evidence in the clinical setting is scanty with respect to the expression of PIH1 domain containing 1 (PIH1D1) and its prognostic values in breast cancer (BRCA). Exploring the function of PIH1D1 in BRCA could reveal its therapeutic and translational potential in BRCA. In the current study, we analyzed PIH1D1 expression levels across cancers with the help of a bioinformatics tool and tumor immune estimation resource, and compared with normal and BRCA tissues using tumor, normal, and metastasis plot. Disease-free and overall survival analysis was done by survival plot, in gene expression profiling interactive analysis web server. Furthermore, histological analysis of PIH1D1 protein expression was done with the help of the Human Protein Atlas Database. Clusters and interaction analysis were done using cell line expression cluster toll in Human Protein Atlas. The result of our study shows that PIH1D1 expression was higher in almost all cancer groups and significantly increased in BRCA. Additionally, we found a positive statistical correlation between PIH1D1 and CD4+ and CD8+ T cell infiltration, which is an indication of the immunotherapeutic potential of PIH1D1. The expression of chemokines and receptors was shown to be significantly positively linked with Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 14 when PIH1D1 was increased. Furthermore, the UALCAN (University of ALabama at Birmingham CANcer) data analysis results also revealed that PIH1D1 was significantly associated with tumor metastasis, menopausal status, grade, and different stages of patients with BRCA. In conclusion, the current study provides the preliminary proof of concept regarding the biomarker potential of PIH1D1. However, further in vivo and in vitro mechanistic studies in detail are required to explore the therapeutic potential of PIH1D1 in BRCA.
In vitro production of gibberellic acid and fusaric acid by Fusarium spp. and their role in bakanae disease development
Authors: Husna Asmaul , Miah Md. Asaduzzaman , Zakaria Latiffah , Mohamed Nor Nik Mohd Izham
Published: October 2024

Gibberellic acid (GA3) and fusaric acid (FA) are directly correlated with the symptom development of bakanae disease in rice plants. The role of GA3 and FA, produced in vitro by several Fusarium species associated with bakanae disease, was studied to understand the disease’s etiology and its impact on symptom development. In total, 121 Fusarium strains were obtained from bakanae-infected rice plants collected from various rice cultivation regions in Bangladesh. Finally, 18 highly virulent Fusarium strains were selected based on virulence assay and further evaluated for GA3 and FA production through ultra-performance liquid chromatography analysis. Among the Fusarium strains, Fusarium fujikuroi strains produced a high amount of GA3 and a low amount of FA. In contrast, Fusarium proliferatum and Fusarium verticillioides strains produced a high amount of FA and a low amount of GA3. In exception, the Fusarium strain BD117R of F. fujikuroi produced no GA3 but a high amount of FA. Interestingly, Fusarium commune produced only FA in high concentration. In bakanae disease development, GA3 production was positively related to elongation symptoms whereas FA contributes to stunting symptoms. This is the first record of the production of GA3 and FA by Fusarium species causing bakanae disease of rice in Bangladesh.
La renovación conceptual de la conciencia de clase, la revolución y la violencia: reflexiones a propósito de la actualidad de la obra de Georg Lukács
Authors: Barria-Asenjo Nicol A. , Žižek Slavoj , Maiwald Florian , Medina Polo Simone A. , Camargo-Castillo Javier , Vergara  Muñoz Francisco Alejandro , Ayala-Colqui Jesús
Published: October 2024

One hundred years after the publication of History and Class Consciousness, it is imperative to revisit the classic work of Georg Lukács to discuss the relevance of his ideas in a world where the capitalist mode of production does not cease to show its devastating effects. To do so, we divide the article into two sections. In the first part, we place Lukács’ work in dialogue with that of Hegel and Marx in order to clarify the status of violence as an ontological condition of history, allowing us to determine the theoretical-practical framework from which social revolution can be conceptualized. In the second section, we analyze Lukács’ notion of class consciousness not as a historical fatality but as an act of self-determination of the proletariat. We compare this proposal with the current situation of gentrification of the proletariat which, far from invalidating the Hungarian author’s proposal, constitutes its reversal and the platform for its actualization. Ultimately, it is about the proletarian still today taking control and becoming, through class consciousness, the subject-object of history. We conclude by reinterpreting Lukács’ terms in a practice that counters a reactionary position in order to combat both the reactionary movements and the hedonistic immobilism of the proletariat.
A Narrative Review on Emergence of Digital Biomarkers as the Future Frontiers in Medical Practice
Authors: Balaji Jyotsna Needamangalam , Prakash Sreenidhi , Surapaneni Krishna Mohan
Published: October 2024

The healthcare landscape has undergone a profound transformation due to digitalisation in recent decades, shifting from manual practices to automated processes. Digital biomarkers have become increasingly important in healthcare across multiple domains for regular monitoring of health parameters, aiding in early disease detection and prevention. The present narrative review aims to explore the utility and advantages of digital biomarkers in healthcare. Notably, the literature emphasises portable biomarkers capable of actively recording user data. These advanced biomarkers efficiently identify physiological, biochemical and psychological parameters, offering predictive capabilities for health conditions and treatment outcomes. In this dynamic healthcare landscape, digital science has brought transformative changes. Investments in digital health show promising outcomes for disease management and patient care. Overall, the integration of digital biomarkers into healthcare represents a significant leap forward in improving healthcare delivery, diagnosis and treatment. It leverages technology to enhance the precision and efficiency of healthcare, ultimately benefiting both healthcare professionals and patients. While the scope of digital biomarkers continues to expand and is expected to grow in the future, addressing potential challenges is essential for sustained innovation in this field.
Comparison of Dentine Graft and Plasma Rich Fibrin in Bony Defects Following Extraction of Impacted Mandibular Third Molars: Protocol for a Split-mouth Study
Authors: Dixit Divya Suvarna , Mundada Bhushan P , Bhola Nitin
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Third molar extraction is a common surgical procedure that can have unintended consequences, such as periodontal disease that results in bone loss on the distal part of the second molar. By halting the atrophy of the alveolar ridge, socket and ridge preservation procedures enable restorations that are both functional and aesthetically acceptable. Maintaining the volume of the alveolar socket after tooth extraction is the primary objective of alveolar management, as it prevents substantial resorption and facilitates socket repair. Numerous methods have been reported on socket healing following tooth extractions. Grafting materials may promote healing of the post-extraction socket in three separate ways: osteogenesis, osteoinduction and osteoconduction. Need for the Study: This study is necessary because managing bony defects after the extraction of impacted mandibular third molars is critically dependent on successful interventions. Third molars that are impacted often need to be surgically removed, resulting in bony defects that require proper regeneration for the best possible outcome after surgery. An important consideration in this process is the selection of grafting materials. It is imperative to comprehend the relative effectiveness of dentine graft and Platelet-rich Fibrin (PRF) to assist clinicians in deciding the best treatment option. Both PRF and dentine graft have shown promise in fostering bone regeneration; however, to develop evidence-based guidelines for clinical practice, a direct comparison using a rigorous split-mouth study is essential. Aim: To compare and evaluate outcomes of dentine graft against PRF in postoperative impacted mandibular third molar bony defects. Materials and Methods: A prospective randomised splitmouth study will be conducted in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at Sharad Pawar Dental College, DMIHER, Sawangi, Wardha, Maharastra, India from April 2023 to January 2025. After the extraction of the 3rd molar, the patient will be instructed to bite on a sterile swab while waiting for the biomaterials to be ready. Following the examination of the extraction socket, the particulate dentine graft and liquid PRF preparation will be made and then placed in the extraction socket. The patient will then be instructed to use chlorhexidine mouth rinse (0.2%) twice a day in place of mechanical plaque management in the treated region for one week, as part of the postoperative regimen. Postoperative pain, wound healing, bone regeneration, and complications, if any will be assessed at a specified interval. Fisher’s-exact test will be used for statistical analysis, and the level of significance will be set at p<0.05.
Rare Clinical Presentations of Paediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorder Associated with Streptococcal Infection: A Case Series from Eastern India
Authors: Koley Biyas , Mukherjee Disha , Kundu Partha Sarathi
Published: October 2024

Paediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorder Associated with Streptococcal Infection (PANDAS) occurs in the child and adolescent age group. It is characterised by the acute onset of Obsessive-compulsive Disorders (OCD) and/or tic disorders following an infection with Group A Beta-haemolytic Streptococci (GABHS), but it can also present with a variety of unique clinical manifestations. Despite the high prevalence of streptococcal infections in the Indian subcontinent, very few cases have been reported due to a lack of awareness. Hereby, the authors present a case series of four cases (one female and three males) of PANDAS with rare presenting symptoms, including dissociative (conversion) disorder and hoarding disorder, each with evidence of a preceding streptococcal infection.
Effect of Solid-State Fermentation on Phytochemical Composition of Rice Bran Meal
Authors: Ishaku A. H.  , Kela E. , Ahmed Y.
Published: October 2024

In aquaculture, the available feed ingredients are expensive and limited in quantity making it essential to explore fish feed ingredients that are low-cost and locally available. Agro by-products seems to be one of the available source. This study evaluate the effect of solid state fermentation on phytochemical compositions of rice bran meal. Rice bran was collected in three different containers, ground into powder, then sieved and fermented using solid state fermentation procedure.  Each sample was solidly fermented (wet at 10% moisture and keep in fermenter at ambient temperature) for 24 hours (1 day), 96 hours (4 days), and 168 hours (7 days). Afterward, the fermented samples were oven dried for one hour at 100oC as described. The fermented samples were taken to the laboratory for phytochemical analysis. The results obtained from this study revealed that fermenting rice bran for seven days (168hrs) using solid state fermentation method reduced the Alkaloid contain from 12.61±1.04 mg/kg to 10.24±1.52 mg/kg, 9.18±0.11 mg/kg and 8.13±0.16 mg/kg. Phytate from 6.73±1.32mg/kg to 4.39±0.82mg/kg, 4.05±0.56mg/kg and 2.15±0.73mg/kg. Tannins from 4.60±0.13 mgTA/kg to 4.11±0.65 mgTA/kg, 3.26±0.47 mgTA/kg and 1.52±0.24 mgTA/kg. Saponins from 2.98±0.54 g/kg to 2.50±0.17 g/kg, 1.88±1.54 g/kg and 1.43±1.17 g/kg. Oxalate from 2.78±1.25 mg∞/100g to 2.47±1.42 mg∞/100g, 2.91±0.31 mg∞/100g and 1.82±0.13 mg∞/100g. However, it increases Flavonoids from 6.94±1.82 mgRutin/kg to 7.90±1.35 mgRutin/kg, 9.03±0.43 mgRutin/kg and 11.18±1.35 mgRutin/kg. Phenols from 1.71±0.32 gGAE/kg to 2.14±0.12 gGAE/kg, 2.91±1.53 gGAE/kg and 3.58±1.65 gGAE/kg. This study establishes the fact that, fermented rice bran meal can be incorporated as an essential part of the feed production in order to reduced cost of production thereby increasing the profit and enhances waste management.
Knowledge and Practice of Menstrual Hygiene Management: A Cross-sectional Study among Adolescents’ Schoolgirls in the Tamale Metropolis
Authors: Mohammed Abdul-Samed , Cudjoe Francis Kronzu , Wuffele Gifty Mary , Issah Ibrahim , Iklimah Abubakar Iddrisu
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Menstrual health is a critical aspect of adolescent well-being, yet knowledge and practices surrounding menstruation can vary significantly, especially in culturally diverse settings. Despite its undeniable significance, the nuanced landscape of adolescent menstrual hygiene practices remains obscured. The transition from childhood to adolescence is a transformative period marked by physical, emotional, and psychological changes, and understanding the intricacies of menstrual hygiene within this context is imperative. The study assesses menstrual hygiene knowledge and practice among adolescents in the Tamale Metropolis.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with a sample of schoolgirls in the Northern Region of Ghana. A total of 363 adolescent schoolgirls were recruited using multistage sampling. A questionnaire was used to collect the data from the respondents. A significance level of p < 0.05 was employed to establish statistical significance.
Results: The study found that 90.9% of respondents recognized menstruation as a natural process, and 82.1% understood hormonal changes cause it. However, only 57.3% knew the typical duration of menstruation. Most girls (87.1%) identified the vagina as the source of menstrual blood, and 85.1% had prior knowledge of menstruation. While 95.6% used absorbent materials, and 87.3% used sanitary pads, some practices, such as improper storage and disposal of used pads, were identified. The study established a significant association between overall knowledge about menstruation and age (X2=7.96, p=0.019), class of respondents (X2=11.03, p=0.036), and ethnicity (X2=15.4, p=0.002). The respondents mentioned the following as religious factors that could affect MHM: 85.7% mentioned prohibition from touching the holy books (Bible or Qur’an), 70.5% mentioned visiting religious places, 19.8% mentioned prohibition on attending religious ceremonies, and 18.2% mentioned others.
Conclusion: Most schoolgirls demonstrated good foundational knowledge and hygiene practices regarding menstruation. However, gaps remain in knowledge about menstrual duration and hygiene practices. Cultural factors and demographic variables also influence menstrual knowledge.
Developing a Hybrid ARIMA-XGBOOST Model for Analysing Mobile Money Transaction Data in Kenya
Authors: Odhiambo Stephen Omondi , Cornelious Nyakundi O. , Waititu Hellen
Published: October 2024

This study formulated a hybrid ARIMA-XGBOOST model using the dataset from the Central Bank of Kenya and the objective was to formulate a Hybrid ARIMA-XGBOOST models to capture the patterns and dynamics in Mobile Money Transactions in Kenya. The study was motivated by the gaps that existed from the previous studies which lacked the ability to model both linear and non-linear trends in the data across time period. Since 2007 when Mpesa was invented, the rate of Mobile Money transactions has rose steadily and this required a complex model that will provide a clear trend. To accurately model the dynamics of Mobile Money Transactions in Kenya, this study presented a complex Hybrid model. The model was formulated by combining Autoregressive Integrated Moving Averages (ARIMA) and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBOOST). The ARIMA captures the linear trends of the data while the XGBOOST models the non-linear part and trained to model the ARIMA residuals. The model parameters were evaluated using Mean Absolute Error, Root Mean Square Error among others and confirmed to be accurate and reliable. Based on the findings from the ADF coefficient, the stationary condition was met (P-value=0.01), and therefore we proceeded to develop the ARIMA models. Initial diagnoses included model identification and examination of autocorrelation to determine the ARIMA configurations, whereas the Box-Jenkins test confirmed the models' adequacy (P-value=2.220e-16). Based on Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), and Mean Percentage Error (MPE), which are all below 1 percent, indicates that the performance of the models had high prediction accuracy.
Evaluation of Garlic Accessions for Their Yield, Yield Components, and White Root Rot (Sclerotium cepivorum Berk) in the Southern Zone of Tigray, Ethiopia
Authors: Shelema Abrhaley , Gebremedhin Yibrah , Abraha Harnet
Published: October 2024

The objective of the study was to evaluate different local garlic accessions for their yield and disease tolerance to our location. The experiment was conducted at Zata and Ayba in 2015 cropping seasons. It was laid out in Randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments were composed of 6 accessions and 2 nationally released varieties. The result of the experiment indicated mean yield, days to maturity, height, leaf number/plant, number of cloves/bulb, the width of the bulb, length of bulb and number of infected bulbs showed significant difference at both locations. The highest bulb yield was recorded from accession 07 (70.64 t/ha at Zata and 49.41 t/ha at Ayba) and tsedey variety (70.42 t/ha at Zata and 48.93 t/ha at Ayba) at both locations while, the lowest one was recorded from accession 08 (32.48 t/ha at Zata and 22.72 t/ha at Ayba), Beshoftu nech variety (38.13 t/ha at Zata and and 26.36 t/ha at Ayba) and 03 (38.92 t/ha at Zata and 27.23 t/ha at Ayba). The overall result indicates that Accession 07 showed that the highest yield and tolerance to the common disease of white root rot. So, it is promising to endorse Accession 07 in the southern zone of tigray and other similar agro ecology.
Screening of Rice Genotypes for Submergence Stress Tolerance
Authors: K Krishna Surendar , N Sritharan , E Sathiyavani , S Krishna Kumar , ChelviRamessh  , Balaji T. , Venudevan B.
Published: October 2024

The experiment was conducted at Department of Rice, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore to study the effect of submergence on growth of various genotypes of paddy. The genotypes viz., AC1303, AC42088, AC38575, SABITA, NAVEEN, SWARNA Sub1, BLACK GORA, BAJKANI, SWARNA, PARUAT, PAU9, BRAHMANNAKHI, MAHULATA, BVD109, IET-18720, IET-18727 and IC-516009 lines were used for submergence screening. The seeds should be pre-heated at 50°C for 2-3 days for breaking the seed dormancy before sowing. The seeds were directly sown inside the tanks using wet-bed direct sowing method. Each genotype was sown in 2 rows (min.) with 3 replications with a row to row spacing of 20 cm and plant to plant spacing of 15 cm. Germinated seedlings were allowed to grown normally till 20–25 days without submergence stress. The observations like plant height (before and after submergence), Number of plants survived (before and after submergence), survival percentage and total starch content were recorded. The genotypes IET-18727, PAU9 and AC38575 had better survival percentage (80.0 to 86.7%) with higher starch content (6.3 to 6.9 mg g-1) under submerged stress conditions. The genotypes of BVD109 and SWARNA registered lesser survival percentage (26.7% and 26.3%) with starch content of 2.1 mg g-1 among the rice genotypes.
Weather Based Forewarning Systems for Important Pests and Diseases in Major Crops
Authors: Dasari Surekha , Gowrisankar Reddi , Sowmya Nelapati , Devi Dharanikota Lalithambica , Sameera Gedala Venkata Hima
Published: October 2024

In present - day agriculture, weather based forewarning systems have become a vital tool in combating pests and diseases. These systems forecast the occurrence and severity of important insect pests and diseases using the meteorological data provided. The data regarding important meteorological variables like temperature, rainfall, humidity, wind speed, and wind patterns are integrated in these systems. As forewarning systems use highly developed artificial intelligence technology, historical data analysis and pest-weather correlations to provide precise and timely insights to the farmer community, which enable them to take appropriate control measures when required and help in reducing crop losses and optimising the pesticide usage. These will help to schedule pesticide applications as needed, ultimately reducing the quantity of pesticides sprayed and their detrimental impact on the environment and other beneficial organisms and increasing the overall agricultural output, which is very important in sustainable agriculture. To unlock the full potential of these systems, issues regarding data availability, localizing the systems to particular regions, and the effects of climate change should be addressed.
Metabolic Shifts Induced by Helminth Infections and Their Contribution to Stunting in Vulnerable Populations
Authors: Suryowati Trini
Published: October 2024

Aims: to revisit the condition of chronic metabolic shifting caused by immunomodulatory sequence facilitated by helminth infection together with other deteriorating condition such as persistent exposure to infection which contributes to stunting formation.
Discussion: During dynamic interaction between active helminth infection and the host, the helminth and its excretory/secretory products induce and arouse the type 2 immune response which drives host tolerance and plays an important role in promoting tissue repair. Helminths also activates M2 Macrophages and induce a metabolic shift, even metabolic reprogramming towards reliance on oxidative phosphorylation, lipid oxidation and amino acid metabolism. Helminth-induced activation and metabolic reprogramming of macrophages precede the improvement in overall whole-body metabolism, denoted by improved insulin sensitivity, body mass in response to high-fat diet and atherogenic index in mammals. Contributions of altered nutrient uptake, adipose tissue function and/or the intestinal microbiota with the ability of helminths to alter metabolic status play a pivotal role in increased metabolism rate and may lead to wasting and even stunting formation.
Conclusion: Helminth drives the type 2 immunity and activates its cell line which is responsible for metabolic shifting and reprogramming.