bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CsGSTU8, a Glutathione S-Transferase From Camellia sinensis, Is Regulated by CsWRKY48 and Plays a Positive Role in Drought Tolerance
Authors: Zhang Yongheng , He Jingyuan , Xiao Yezi , Zhang Yingao , Liu Yingqin , Wan Siqing , Liu Lu , Dong Yuan , Liu Huan , Yu Youben
Published: December 2021

Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) constitute a large family of enzymes with a wide range of cellular functions. Recently, plant GSTs have gained a great deal of attention due to their involvement in the detoxification of electrophilic xenobiotics and peroxides under adverse environmental conditions, such as salt, cold, UV-B and drought stress. A previous study reported that a GST gene (CsGSTU8) in tea plant was distinctly induced in response to drought, suggesting this gene plays a critical role in the drought stress response. In this study, by using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter lines, we further demonstrated that CsGSTU8 was upregulated in response to drought stress and exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) treatments. Overexpression of CsGSTU8 in Arabidopsis resulted in enhanced drought tolerance as indicated by the improved scavenging of excess amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) under drought conditions. Furthermore, we found that CsWRKY48 acts as a transcriptional activator and that its expression is induced in response to drought stress and ABA treatment. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs), dual-luciferase (LUC) assays and transient expression assays in tea plant leaves revealed that CsWRKY48 directly binds to the W-box elements in the promoter of CsGSTU8 and activates its expression. Taken together, our results provide additional knowledge of drought stress responses in tea plant.
The Prevalence of Compulsive Buying and Hoarding Behaviours in Emerging, Early, and Middle Adulthood: Multicentre Epidemiological Analysis of Non-clinical Chinese Samples
Authors: Ye Jiawen , Lam Simon Ching , He Heping
Published: December 2021

Behavioural addictions, such as compulsive buying (CB) and hoarding, are increasingly recognised in the current psychiatric nosology, particularly in developed countries. The prevalence of these disorders may not be static but possibly altered across different age groups. However, studies on this area are rare, and only few have focused on Chinese population. This epidemiological study employs population-based cross-sectional design and collects data in two regions, i.e., Hong Kong and Mainland China. A self-reported questionnaire is constructed based on carefully validated Chinese versions of Richmond Compulsive Buying Scale and Hoarding Rating Scale. A total of 2,439 valid samples are collected and divided into three age groups, i.e., emerging, early and middle adulthood. CB and hoarding behaviours have displayed an inverted u-shaped pattern across the above age groups. In addition, the strength of correlation between the two compulsive behaviours is consistent and maintained across different age groups. These results suggest that the compulsive behaviours vary among different stages of adulthood in major cities in China. This newly discovered pattern of compulsive disorders in Chinese population is different from those in American and European populations.
Are Emotion Regulation Strategies Associated With Visual Attentional Breadth for Emotional Information in Youth?
Authors: Boelens Elisa , Van Beveren Marie-Lotte , De Raedt Rudi , Verbeken Sandra , Braet Caroline
Published: December 2021

Attentional deployment is currently considered as one of the most central mechanisms in emotion regulation (ER) as it is assumed to be a crucial first step in the selection of emotional information. According to the broaden-and-build theory, positive emotions are associated with attentional broadening and negative emotions with attentional narrowing toward emotional information. Given that ER strategies relying on attentional deployment (i.e., rumination, cognitive reappraisal and distraction) have the possibility to influence positive and negative emotions by (re)directing one’s attention, there could be an association with one’s attentional scope. The current study investigated the association between the general (trait) use of three specific ER strategies and visual attentional breadth for positive, negative, and neutral information in a selected sample of 56 adolescents (M= 12.54,SD= 1.72; 49% girls) at risk for developing psychopathology. First, participants self-reported on their overall use of different ER strategies. Next, the previously validated Attentional Breadth Task (ABT) was used to measure visual attention breadth toward emotional information. No evidence was found for the relationship between 2 specific ER strategies (i.e., cognitive reappraisal and rumination) and visual attentional breadth for neutral, positive and negative emotional information. Surprisingly, “distraction” was associated with visual attentional narrowing, which was unrelated to the valence of the emotion. These unexpected results indicate the multifaceted relationship between trait ER, distraction specifically, and visual attentional breadth for emotional information. Future research, especially in younger age groups, could further elaborate on this research domain.
In Search of Autonomy: Dancing With Rules
Authors: Heldal Frode , Dehlin Erlend
Published: December 2021

Purpose:Autonomy in organisations cannot exist without rules nor relationships. Yet, previous research tends to elicit understandings of autonomy as freedom from external constraints to enact free individual will. And there are numerous positive effects related to autonomy at work. But research has not kept pace with modern-day organisations that are highly flexible and dynamic. Current understandings of autonomy are static. Autonomy is mainly regarded as something individuals possess, more or less constricted by rules. Our purpose is to contribute a more flexible and practice-oriented concept of autonomy to answer the research question: How is autonomy developed and practiced in relation to formal rules in high-risk organisations?

Design:To investigate autonomy as a dynamic and flexible concept, we draw on two case studies comprised of a total of 52 interviews and more than 10 h of observation. The cases include a factory and a hospital unit.

Findings:We suggest, based on the data, that autonomy is a relational phenomenon. We suggest four different autonomy-rule dynamics: Passive, loyal, self-promoting, and co-generative learning.

Research Implications:Regarding autonomy as relational rather than individual contributes to our understanding of organisations as always in the making. In this, we emphasise the interactive element of autonomy.

Practical Implications:Practitioners and managers may use our suggestions to work with autonomy in a different way, spurring creativity and improvisation by constructively using rules.

Originality:Little research has paid attention to the concept of autonomy (despite its importance), and arguably, a trend in the available research concerns a commodification of the phenomenon, primarily aligning autonomy with (degrees of) negative freedom and individual decision making. We unpack the concept with attention to interaction – what we have called dancing with rules.
Material Hardship in Families With Low Income: Positive Effects of Coparenting on Fathers’ and Mothers’ Parenting and Children’s Prosocial Behaviors
Authors: Lee Joyce Y. , Volling Brenda L. , Lee Shawna J.
Published: December 2021

Families with low income experience high levels of economic insecurity, but less is known about how mothers and fathers in such families successfully navigate coparenting and parenting in the context of material hardship. The current study utilized a risk and resilience framework to investigate the underlying family processes linking material hardship and children’s prosocial behaviors in a sample of socioeconomically disadvantaged mother-father families with preschoolers from the Building Strong Families project (N = 452). Coparenting alliance and mothers’ and fathers’ responsive parenting were examined as mediators. Results of structural equation modeling showed that coparenting alliance was associated with higher levels of both mothers’ and fathers’ responsive parenting. Subsequently, both parents’ responsive parenting were associated with higher levels of children’s prosocial behaviors. Material hardship was not associated with coparenting alliance and either parent’s responsive parenting. Tests of indirect effects confirmed that the effects of coparenting alliance on children’s prosocial behaviors were mediated through both mothers’ and fathers’ responsive parenting. Overall, these results suggest that when mothers and fathers have a strong coparenting alliance, they are likely to withstand the negative effects of material hardship and thus engage in positive parenting behaviors that benefit their children’s prosocial development. Family strengthening interventions, including responsible fatherhood programs, would do well to integrate a strong focus on enhancing a positive coparenting alliance between mothers and fathers.
Effects of Parent-Teacher Training on Academic Performance and Parental Anxiety in School-Aged Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial in Shanghai, China
Authors: Shen Li , Wang Chunxia , Tian Yuan , Chen Jinjin , Wang Yu , Yu Guangjun
Published: December 2021

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is the most common chronic neurodevelopmental disorder in childhood, placing a heavy burden on family and society. The treatment of school-aged children with ADHD emphasizes multimodal interventions, but most current research focuses solely on parent training and family functioning. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of parent-teacher training on academic performance and parental anxiety. In an open-label cluster randomized controlled trial from January 2018 to January 2019, 14 primary schools in Shanghai were randomly assigned into the intervention group and the control group, and ADHD screening was conducted for students from grades one to five. Children in both groups received medication as prescribe by their pediatricians. In the intervention group, families and teachers also received parent-teacher training. The training included ADHD behavioral interventions for parents, as well as classroom management skills for teachers. This study screened 9,295 students, 99 children in the control group and 105 children in the intervention group were included in the analysis. The intervention group demonstrated significant improvement in ADHD symptoms and academic performance and decreases in parent stress compared to that in the control group (P < 0.05). This training improved the parents’ perception of ADHD knowledge, treatment options, and drug side effects awareness (P < 0.05). Our study aims to underscore the suitability of such programs in the local nuances of the Chinese context, show application feasibility to pediatricians and psychiatrists, and provide supporting evidence for their utilization within the country’s health and educational systems.
“Who I Am Now, Is More Me.” An Interview Study of Patients’ Reflections 10 Years After Exhaustion Disorder
Authors: Ellbin Susanne , Jonsdottir Ingibjörg H. , Bååthe Fredrik
Published: December 2021

Aim: To achieve a deeper understanding of the patient’s perception regarding individual aspects related to the development of exhaustion, hindering and supporting factors in the recovery process, and potential remaining consequences, 7–12 years after receiving an exhaustion disorder diagnosis.

Participants and Methods: Twenty patients previously diagnosed with and treated for exhaustion disorder were interviewed 7–12 years after onset of the disease. The semi-structured interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed with inductive content analysis.

Results: Three main themes with patterns of shared meaning resulted from the analysis: “it’s about who I am,” “becoming a more authentic me,” and “the struggle never ends.” The interviewees described rehabilitation from exhaustion disorder as the start of an important personal development toward a truer and more authentic self-image. They perceived this as an ongoing long-lasting process where learned behavior and thought patterns related to overcommitment and overcompliance needed to be re-evaluated. The results also convey long-term consequences such as cognitive difficulties and reduces energy, uncertainty about one’s own health, and the need to prioritize among one’s relationships.

Conclusion: Patients with exhaustion disorder are still struggling with dysfunctional strategies and functional impairments such as cognitive problems which limit their lives, 10 years after receiving their exhaustion disorder diagnosis. While informants describe some positive consequences of ED, the results also emphasize the importance of acknowledging that the patients are embedded in systems of relationships, in working life as well as in family life. This needs to be considered, together with other aspects, when working toward prevention of stress-related mental health problems.
The Effect of Grit on Career Adaptability of Chinese College Students Based on the Self-Regulatory Processes
Authors: Li Haihong , Yu Xuan , Mei Yuanfei , Liu Xuhong , Li Ling , Luo Nan
Published: December 2021

Intelligence is innate, but grit is something everyone can develop. Grit not only enables students to stick to their goals, but also to persevere even when they fail. Career adaptability is an important concept in vocational education of college students, which is a person engaged in some work, must have a certain physical and psychological quality. Base on the self-regulation theory, this study investigated the relationship between grit and career adaptability of Chinese college student based on the self-regulatory processes. We surveyed 839 Chinese college students and tested a self-regulation model. As expected, grit was related to greater career adaptability via greater career exploration and decision self-efficacy, positive affect, and goal commitment. These findings not only broaden the theoretical framework for the effect of grit on career adaptability, but also open up a new horizon for improving college students’ career adaptability in practice.
Managing and Mitigating Suffering in the Return-to-Work Process
Authors: Woods Megan , Matthewson Mandy L.
Published: December 2021

Each year thousands of workers experience a serious illness or injury that necessitates time off work and a subsequent re-engagement with the work environment. In Australia, workers’ compensation legislation mandates the return-to-work (RTW) process is formal, structured, and negotiated between the worker, their employer, health care professionals and their RTW coordinator. How this is executed by those parties directly influences whether the RTW process is supportive and successful, or exacerbates the suffering of returning workers by causing them to feel ostracised, exposed, and vulnerable in their workplace. In this article, we examine how the RTW process can cause physical, emotional, social, and existential suffering for returning workers. We then discuss how the suffering that workers experience can be mitigated by five key factors: clarity of roles in the RTW process, alignment of worker and employer expectations, the advocacy provided by the RTW coordinator, the support provided for the worker’s psychological wellbeing, and the RTW literacy of supervisors and colleagues.
Sleep Disturbances Are Associated With Depressive Symptoms in a Chinese Population: The Rugao Longevity and Aging Cohort
Authors: Qiao Chunhong , Zhang Hui , Song Qi , Wang Xi , Wang Xiaofeng , Yao Yin
Published: December 2021

Objective: To investigate the cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships between sleep disturbances and depressive symptoms in older Chinese adults.

Methods: This study included baseline and 3.5-year follow-up data of 1,631 Chinese men and women aged 70 years or older from the aging arm of the Rugao Longevity and Aging Study. Depressive symptoms were assessed by the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Sleep disturbances were assessed by using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) of the associations.

Results: In the cross-sectional analysis, individuals with greater total PSQI scores exhibited significantly higher risk of “depressive symptoms” (OR: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.21–1.41) and “some depressive symptoms” (OR: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.17–1.28). Specifically, higher scores on the sleep efficiency PSQI subscale were associated with greater odds for “depressive symptoms” (OR: 1.54, 95% CI: 1.30–1.84) and “some depressive symptoms” (OR: 1.42, 95% CI: 1.29–1.57). Our longitudinal analyses indicated an association between greater PSQI total scores at baseline and greater odds of having “some depressive symptoms” at follow-up (OR: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.00–1.14). Additionally, higher scores on the sleep efficiency PSQI subscale had an association with higher odds for “some depressive symptoms” (OR: 1.21, 95% CI: 1.04–1.41).

Conclusions: Poor self-reported global sleep quality and sleep efficiency PSQI subscale scores were associated with levels of depressive symptoms in an older Chinese population, indicating that global sleep quality and sleep efficiency may be risk factors for depression and can possibly predict the levels of depressive symptoms.
Future Trends in Disability and Its Determinants Among Chinese Community Patients With Anxiety Disorders: Evidence From a 5-Year Follow-Up Study
Authors: Liu Zhaorui , Li Peijun , Yin Huifang , Li Minghui , Yan Jie , Ma Chao , Ding Hua , Li Qiang , Huang Zhengjing , Yan Yongping , Kou Changgui , Hu Mi , Wen Jing , Chen Shulin , Jia Cunxian , Huang Yueqin , Xu Guangming
Published: December 2021

Background: Anxiety disorders (ADs) are a group of disorders with a high disability rate and bring a huge social burden. In China, information on future trends in the disability among community ADs patients and its determinants are rare. The objectives of this study are to describe the future trends in the disability among ADs patients living in community and to investigate the determinants of the disability.

Methods: Participants diagnosed with 12-month ADs in the China Mental Health Survey (CMHS) were followed up by telephone from April to June 2018 to assess the future trends in the disability in a 5-year interval using the World Health Organization's Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0. The disability rate was reported and its determinants were analyzed by complex sample design multivariate logistic regression.

Results: Totally 271 patients were interviewed by telephone and 33 informants finished proxy interviews. The disability rates were 45.9% and 14.3% among ADs patients at baseline and during the follow-up. Patients with general anxiety disorder (GAD) or agoraphobia with/without panic disorder (AGP) had the lower decrease and higher disability during the follow-up than patients with other subtypes. Patients aged in middle age (aged 40–49 years old, OR = 11.12, 95% CI: 4.16–29.72), having disability at baseline (OR = 7.18, 95% CI: 1.37–37.73), having comorbidity with three or more physical diseases (OR = 9.27, 95% CI: 2.48–34.71), and having comorbidity with other mental disorders (OR = 3.97, 95% CI: 1.13–13.96) had higher disability during the follow-up.

Conclusions: The disability rate tends to decrease among ADs patients living in communities. Treatment priority should be given for ADs patients with disability and those in middle age. Treatments for the comorbidity of other mental disorders or physical diseases should be considered when treating anxiety.
Case Report: Discontinuous Spontaneous Ventilating Anesthesia for McKeown Esophagectomy by Laryngeal Mask: A Case Series—A Novel Approach of Discontinuous Spontaneous Ventilating Anesthesia for Esophagectomy
Authors: Xu Qiaoqiao , Mo Xuan , Xiong Juan , Zhang Yi
Published: December 2021

Double lumen endobronchial ventilation in McKeown esophagectomy is common for esophageal cancer. In spite of most patients could be extubated immediately after surgery under adequate multimodal analgesia, still some patients require extended mechanical ventilation or airway support post-surgery because of pain or difficult respiration. The present study reported a novel challenge for McKeown esophagectomy with discontinuous spontaneous ventilating anesthesia by the laryngeal mask. Three esophageal cancer patients underwent McKeown esophagectomy under discontinuous spontaneous ventilating anesthesia with local and regional analgesia and appropriate sedation. Two of them were accomplished under non-intubated video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (NIVATS), and then, the abdominal and neck surgery was managed under laryngeal mask airway with appropriate muscle relaxation. One patient was endured high PetCO2 level, and converted to regular double lumen endobronchial intubation for safety. However, from the two successful cases, we still proved that the discontinuous spontaneous ventilating anesthesia achieved the same anesthetic effect as bronchial intubation under general anesthesia for McKeown esophagectomy, which reduced the postoperative pharyngeal discomfort, might be beneficial to the patients for enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS).
Alterations of Suckling Piglet Jejunal Microbiota Due to Infection With Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus and Protection Against Infection by Lactobacillus salivarius
Authors: Dong Wanting , Ding Ning , Zhang Yu , Tan Zhen , Ding Xiangdong , Zhang Qin , Jiang Li
Published: December 2021

The high mortality of neonatal piglets due to porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infection has caused huge economic losses to the pig industry. The intestinal microbiota is an important barrier against invaders entering the gastrointestinal route. In this study, we examined the differences between intestinal microbiota of PEDV-infected and healthy piglets. According to the viral copy numbers, 16 crossbred (Landrace-Yorkshire) piglets were divided into three groups: uninfected, low virus load, and high virus load groups. Next, 16S rRNA sequencing was performed to determine the microbiota composition in jejunal content and jejunal mucosal samples from the three groups. PEDV infection induced an imbalance in the microbiota of both jejunal content and jejunal mucosa. The abundance of phylum Firmicutes was higher in uninfected piglets than in infected piglets, whereas the abundance of Proteobacteria was lower in uninfected piglets. Principal coordinate analysis showed significant separation of jejunal microbiota between different groups. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe) identified Lactobacillus salivarius as a potential biomarker among three groups at the level of species. Then, in vitro, L. salivarius was able to suppress the infection of PEDV to IPEC-J2 cells and decreased the expression of GRP78 (Glucose-regulating protein 78). In addition, we detected the mRNA expression of genes involved in the FAK/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. When IPEC-J2 cells were treated with L. salivarius before PEDV infection, the mRNA expression levels of ITGA1, ITGA5, ITGB5, FAK, PIK3R1, PIK3CA and AKT1 were significantly higher than those in the control cells (without treatment) at different times post-infection, indicating that L. salivarius may upregulate the FAK/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in IPEC-J2 cells to resist PEDV infection. In summary, PEDV infection altered microbial communities in both jejunal content and jejunal mucosa. L. salivarius has a protective effect against PEDV infection in IPEC-J2 cells. This study provides a potentially effective strategy to prevent the occurrence and control the spread of PED in the pig production.
A Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) magyar nyelvű változatának létrehozása
Authors: Somoskövi István , Radácsi Andrea , Nagy Ákos Károly , Radnai Márta
Published: December 2021

A temporomandibuláris rendellenességek (Temporomandibular Disorders, TMD) a fogorvostudomány komoly kihívástjelentő, magas prevalenciát mutató betegségcsoportja. A szakemberek között a mai napig sincs teljes egyetértés a TMDetiológiája, klasszifikációja és kezelése kapcsán, ugyanakkor a páciensek alapvető érdeke, hogy betegségükkel kapcsolatbanvalid kutatási eredmények szülessenek. A TMD diagnosztikája jelentős fejlődésen ment keresztül az elmúlt évtizedekben.A Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) egy 2014-ben publikált, kutatási és klinikaifelhasználásra egyaránt alkalmas rendszer, mely megfelel a bizonyítékokon alapuló orvoslás kritériumainak. A PTE Fogászatiés Szájsebészeti Klinikán felállt kutatócsoport elkészítette a DC/TMD magyar nyelvű változatát, ezzel lehetővétéve a hazai szakemberek számára, hogy egy nemzetközileg elfogadott diagnosztikus eszközt használhassanak. A cikkbemutatja a DC/TMD-t és részletezi a munkacsoportunk által végzett fordítási-adaptációs folyamatot.
Odontomák diagnosztikus és terápiás aspektusai a maxillofaciális sebészetben
Authors: Szüts Judit , Németh Zsolt
Published: December 2021

A különböző tanulmányok az odontomákat a leggyakoribb odontogén daganatok közé sorolják. A WHO besorolás szerint az elváltozás a benignus daganatok közé tartozik, azonban más nézetek alapján inkább hamartomának tekinthető. A tanulmány célja a hazai és külföldi szakirodalmat alapul véve az odontomákhoz kapcsolódó információk összefoglalása, fókuszálva az elváltozás diagnosztikus és terápiás módjaira.Az odontomák pontos eredete ismeretlen. Néhány teória szerint bakteriális és virális infekciók, trauma, mutációk és abnormális gének is vezethetnek odontomaképződéshez. Gyakran alakulnak ki odontomák örökletes szindrómák (Gardner-, Hermann-, Gorlin-Goltz- és otodentális szindróma) részeként is.Leggyakrabban az első két évtizedben jelennek meg, nemi eloszlás tekintetében nem mutatnak különbséget. Különféleképpen csoportosíthatjuk az odontomákat, a leggyakoribb a WHO klasszifikáció, amely szerint két típust különböztethetünk meg: a compound odontomát és a complex odontomát. Diagnosztikájuk kiegészítő vizsgálatok nélkül meglehetősen bonyolult lehet, ugyanis tünetszegények, a fogazat rendellenességei, impakció, retenció, duzzanat és/vagy aszimmetria utalhat csak a jelenlétükre. Általában röntgenfelvétel során kerülnek felfedezésre, pontos diagnózisuk csak hisztopatológiai vizsgálat után mondható ki.Az odontomák terápiája sebészi eltávolítás, ami történhet extraorális és intraorális megközelítésből is. A műtét során egyre gyakoribb a modern készülékek (lézer, ultrahangos/piezo-/ sebészet) használata. Szövődményekre a legtöbb esetben nem kell számítani.
A fogágybetegség és a peri-implant betegségek új klasszifikációja
Authors: Gera István
Published: December 2021

Az új klasszifikációs rendszer több ponton módosította, illetve felülírta a plakk okozta fogágybetegség 1999-es nevezéktanát és klasszifikációját. A korábban krónikus és agresszív parodontitist egységesen parodontitisnek nevezte el és ezen belül két dimenziós diagnosztikai kategóriát különít el, nevezetesen (staging) stádium és (grading) osztály fokozatot. A stádium (staging) az első vizsgálat során felmért parodontális állapot súlyosságát és a kezelés szempontjábóla komplexitását foglalja magába. Az osztály (grading) pedig további információval szolgál a betegség biológiai hátteréről, az anamnézisről, a betegség progressziójáról, a rizikófaktorokról, a további progresszió rizikójáról, a lehetséges kezelési eredményeket negatívan befolyásoló tényezőkről, valamint mindazokról a rizikófaktorokról, amelyeket maga a betegség vagy a parodontális kezelés jelent a páciens általános egészségi állapotára.A necrotizáló fogágybetegség, amelyhez klinikailag jellemző egyedülálló jelek (papilla necrozis, spontán vérzés és fájdalom) társulnak megváltozott szervezeti immun válasszal, továbbra is a korábbi, 1999-es klasszifikáció diagnózisát használja. Az endo-parodontális léziók körébe az új besorolás azokat a patológiás folyamatokat sorolja, amelyben egy adott fognál a pulpa és a parodontium között valamilyen kommunikációs csatorna nyílik meg. Ez lehet akut és krónikus lefolyású. Ezen belül olyan alcsoportokat állít fel, amelyek hatással vannak a folyamat lefolyására és a kezelési lehetőségekre. A parodontális abscessus olyan akut folyamat, amelyben a sulcus/tasak falszövetében genny gyűlik össze, amely nagyon rapid szöveti destrukciót eredményez és nagy a veszélye a folyamat tovaterjedésének.
Gondolatok az egybeöntött vagy szóló koronák alkalmazása közötti választásról
Authors: Radnai Márta , Gorzó István
Published: December 2021

A fogpótlások készítése során többször kell eldönteni, hogy egymás melletti fogakra szóló koronák készüljenek, vagya fogakat foglaljuk merev egységbe a koronákkal. Bizonyos szituációkban szükséges a fogak sínezése, azonban ez problémássá teheti az interdentális tér megfelelő tisztítását. Egybeöntött koronák csak alapos megfontolás után készíthetők, betartva a parodontálhigiéniai szempontokat. Ellenkező esetben a betegek nem képesek az interdentális tér tisztítására, aminek gingivitis, későbbiekben parodontitisz lehet a következménye. A fogak csiszolásakor, a lenyomatvételkor,a mintakészítéskor és a koronák mintázása során is figyelembe kell venni az egyéni fogmorfológiát és ezzel biztosítani az interdentális tér anatomikus kialakítását akár szóló korona, akár egybeöntött koronák készülnek. A szerzők összefoglalják a sínezéskor fontos szempontokat.
A fogágybetegség és a peri-implant betegségek új klasszifikációja
Authors: Gera István , Vályi Péter
Published: December 2021

Közleményünk első részének fő célja a parodontitisszel társuló szisztémás betegségek új osztályozását összefoglalni.Ebbe tartoznak a dentális plakk okozta parodontitis lefolyását befolyásoló kórképeket, illetve azokat az örökletes ésszerzett állapotokat, betegségeket, amelyek a dentális biofilm jelenléte nélkül okoznak parodontális szöveti destrukciót.Összefoglaljuk az eset-definíciókat és diagnosztikai fogalmakat. Az új klasszifikáció a diabétesszel vagy dohányzássaltársuló parodontitist nem sorolja a szisztémás betegségekkel társuló kategóriába, hanem inkább mint a plakk okoztaparodontitis fontos módosító rizikófaktoraként definiálja és a parodontitis osztályba sorolását meghatározó tényezőkéntkategorizálja. A parodontális fenotípus fontosságát hangsúlyozva egy teljesen új ínyrecesszió klasszifikációt vezettekbe. Tudományosan továbbra sem bizonyított, hogy a traumatizáló occluziós erők parodontális tapadásveszteséget vagyínyrecessziót okoznának. A biológiai szélesség fogalmát felváltotta a supracrestal tissue attachment definíció, amelymagába foglalja a junctionális epithelium és subracrestalis kötőszövet egységét. A subracrestalis kötőszövetbe benyúlórestaurátumszél gyulladást okoz és parodontális tapadásveszteséghez vezet.A közlemény második része a peri-imlant állapotok és betegségek első tudományos evidenciákon alapuló klasszifikációjátfoglalja össze. Megfogalmazza a peri-implant egészség, peri-implant mucositis, peri-implantitis valamint az implantátumokkörüli kemény és lágyszövet hiányok pontos definícióját. A peri-implant egészségre jellemző a gyulladás összesjelének (eritéma, ödéma, szondázási vérzés vagy suppuracio) teljes hiánya. Bizonyított, hogy a peri-implant mucositis elsődlegesoka a dentális plakk. A peri-implant mucositis jellemző első tünete a már gyenge szondázáskor fellépő vérzés,az ínyduzzanat, amely révén növekszik a szondázási mélység is. A peri-implantitis olyan plakk okozta gyulladás, amelybena peri-implantális lágyszövetek gyulladása az implantátum körüli alveoláris csontszövet progresszív pusztulásávaltársul. Jellegzetes klinikai tünete a pozitív bleeding on probing teszt, a tasakmélység növekedésével társuló suppuració,lágyszövet recesszió és radiológiai csontveszteség. Az implantátumok körüli egészséges keratinizált gingiva állapotameghatározó az implantátumok hosszútávú stabilitásában és a páciensek komfort-érzetének fenntartásában.
Changes in Biceps femoris Transcriptome along Growth in Iberian Pigs Fed Different Energy Sources and Comparative Analysis with Duroc Breed
Authors: Benítez Rita , Núñez Yolanda , Ayuso Miriam , Isabel Beatriz , Fernández-Barroso Miguel A. , De Mercado Eduardo , Gómez-Izquierdo Emilio , García-Casco Juan M. , López-Bote Clemente , Óvilo Cristina
Published: December 2021

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of developmental stage, breed, and diet energy source on the genome-wide expression, meat quality traits, and tissue composition of biceps femoris muscle in growing pure Iberian and Duroc pigs. The study comprised 59 Iberian (IB) and 19 Duroc (DU) animals, who started the treatment at an average live weight (LW) of 19.9 kg. The animals were kept under identical management conditions and fed two diets with different energy sources (6% high oleic sunflower oil or carbohydrates). Twenty-nine IB animals were slaughtered after seven days of treatment at an average LW of 24.1 kg, and 30 IB animals plus all the DU animals were slaughtered after 47 days at an average LW of 50.7 kg. The main factors affecting the muscle transcriptome were age, with 1832 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and breed (1055 DEGs), while the effect of diet on the transcriptome was very small. The results indicated transcriptome changes along time in Iberian animals, being especially related to growth and tissue development, extracellular matrix (ECM) composition, and cytoskeleton organization, with DEGs affecting relevant functions and biological pathways, such as myogenesis. The breed also affected functions related to muscle development and cytoskeleton organization, as well as functions related to solute transport and lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. Taking into account the results of the two main comparisons (age and breed effects), we can postulate that the Iberian breed is more precocious than the Duroc breed, regarding myogenesis and muscle development, in the studied growing stage.
Thundercloud Electrostatic Field Measurements during the Inflight EXAEDRE Campaign and during Lightning Strike to the Aircraft
Authors: Buguet Magalie , Lalande Philippe , Laroche Pierre , Blanchet Patrice , Bouchard Aurélie , Chazottes Arnaud
Published: December 2021

The AMPERA (Atmospheric Measurement of Potential and ElectRic field on Aircraft) electric field network was integrated on the Falcon 20 (F20) of SAFIRE (the French facility for airborne research) in the framework of EXAEDRE (EXploiting new Atmospheric Electricity Data for Research and the Environment) project. From September 2018, an in-flight campaign was performed over Corsica (France) to investigate the electrical activity in thunderstorms. During this campaign, eight scientific flights were done inside or in the vicinity of a thunderstorm. The purpose of this paper is to present the AMPERA system and the atmospheric electrostatic field recorded during the flights, and particularly during the pass inside electrified clouds, in which the aircraft was struck by lightning. The highest value of atmospheric electrostatic field recorded during these flights was around 79 kV·m−1 at 8400 m of altitude. A normalization of these fields is done by computing the reduced atmospheric electrostatic field to take into account the altitude effect (ratio between the atmospheric electrostatic field and the air density). Most of the significant values of reduced atmospheric electrostatic field magnitude retrieved during this campaign occur between around 5.5 and 9.5 km and are included between 50 and 100 kV·m−1. The highest value measured of the reduced atmospheric electrostatic field is 194 kV·m−1 during the lightning strike of the F20. The merging of these results with data from former campaigns suggests that there is a threshold (depending of the aircraft size) for the striking of an aircraft.
Another Perspective on Huntington’s Disease: Disease Burden in Family Members and Pre-Manifest HD When Compared to Genotype-Negative Participants from ENROLL-HD
Authors: Achenbach Jannis , Saft Carsten
Published: December 2021

Background: In addition to the effects on patients suffering from motor-manifest Huntington’s disease (HD), this fatal disease is devasting to people who are at risk, premanifest mutation-carriers, and especially to whole families. There is a huge burden on people in the environment of affected HD patients, and a need for further research to identify at-risk caregivers. The aim of our research was to investigate a large cohort of family members, in comparison with genotype negative and premanifest HD in order to evaluate particular cohorts more closely. Methods: We used the ENROLL-HD global registry study to compare motoric, cognitive, functional, and psychiatric manifestation in family members, premanifest HD, and genotype negative participant as controls. Cross-sectional data were analyzed using ANCOVA-analyses in IBM SPSS Statistics V.28. Results: Of N = 21,116 participants from the global registry study, n = 5174 participants had a premanifest motor-phenotype, n = 2358 were identified as family controls, and n = 2640 with a negative HD genotype. Analysis of variance revealed more motoric, cognitive, and psychiatric impairments in premanifest HD (all p < 0.001). Self-reported psychiatric assessments revealed a significantly higher score for depression in family controls (p < 0.001) when compared to genotype negative (p < 0.001) and premanifest HD patients (p < 0.05). Family controls had significantly less cognitive capacities within the cognitive test battery when compared to genotype negative participants. Conclusions: Within the largest cohort of HD patients and families, several impairments of motoric, functional, cognitive, and psychiatric components can be confirmed in a large cohort of premanifest HD, potentially due to prodromal HD pathology. HD family controls suffered from higher self-reported depression and less cognitive capacities, which were potentially due to loaded or stressful situations. This research aims to sensitize investigators to be aware of caregiver burdens caused by HD and encourage support with socio-medical care and targeted psychological interventions. In particular, further surveys and variables are necessary in order to implement them within the database so as to identify at-risk caregivers.
A 4 × 4 Array of Complementary Split-Ring Resonators for Label-Free Dielectric Spectroscopy
Authors: Martinic Matko , Markovic Tomislav , Baric Adrijan , Nauwelaers Bart
Published: December 2021

In this study, complementary split-ring resonator (CSRR) metamaterial structures are proposed for label-free dielectric spectroscopy of liquids in microplates. This novel combination of an array of sensors and microplates is readily scalable and thus offers a great potential for non-invasive, rapid, and label-free dielectric spectroscopy of liquids in large microplate arrays. The proposed array of sensors on a printed circuit board consists of a microstrip line coupled to four CSRRs in cascade with resonant frequencies ranging from 7 to 10 GHz, spaced around 1 GHz. The microwells were manufactured and bonded to the CSRR using polydimethylsiloxane, whose resonant frequency is dependent on a complex relative permittivity of the liquid loaded in the microwell. The individual microstrip lines with CSRRs were interconnected to the measurement equipment using two electronically controllable microwave switches, which enables microwave measurements of the 4 × 4 CSRR array using only a two-port measurement system. The 4 × 4 microwell sensor arrays were calibrated and evaluated using water-ethanol mixtures with different ethanol concentrations. The proposed measurement setup offers comparable results to ones obtained using a dielectric probe, confirming the potential of the planar sensor array for large-scale microplate experiments.
Effects of Afforestation on Plant Diversity and Soil Quality in Semiarid SE Spain
Authors: Segura Carmen , Jiménez María N. , Fernández-Ondoño Emilia , Navarro Francisco B.
Published: December 2021

Farmland afforestation has been promoted in recent decades and is one of the main strategies included in the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration to recover degraded areas. However, the impacts of afforestation on plant diversity and soil quality indicators are still not well-understood in semiarid environments. In this study, we assessed the relationships between plant diversity indicators (abundance, total richness, richness by functional groups, and Shannon diversity) and a large number of variables in 48 afforestation sites in southeast Spain. We considered associated environmental factors, such as geographical, climatic or edaphic variables, age, and land-use history. We compared plant diversity and soil properties following land-use change from cereal cropping to afforestation, which is one of the most common land-use changes in Mediterranean areas. Plant diversity in afforested sites was found to be dependent on previous land use, the proximity of natural vegetation, several soil properties (texture, pH, and total nitrogen), and plantation age. Afforested soils showed higher plant diversity and an improvement in edaphic parameters related to multifunctionality in semiarid ecosystems (i.e., soil organic carbon, nitrogen, and potassium) than arable cropped soils.
Modulation of Gut Microbiota by Lactobacillus casei Fermented Raspberry Juice In Vitro and In Vivo
Authors: Wu Ting , Chu Xueqi , Cheng Yuxin , Tang Shuxin , Zogona Daniel , Pan Siyi , Xu Xiaoyun
Published: December 2021

The aim of this study was to investigate the modulation of gut microbiota by fermented raspberry juice (FRJ) both in vitro and in vivo. Results showed that total phenolic content and antioxidant activities of FRJ reached the highest after fermentation for 42 h. Seventeen phenolic compounds were contained in FRJ, mainly including ellagic acid (496.64 ± 2.91 μg/g) and anthocyanins (total concentration: 387.93 μg/g). FRJ modulated the gut microbiota into a healthy in vitro status, with increase of valeric and isovaleric acids production. In healthy mice, all FRJ treatments improved the production of acetic, butyric and isovaleric acids as well as the gene expression of ZO-1, Claudin-1, Claudin-4, Ocdudin, E-cadherin and Muc-2. Moreover, variable gut microbial compositions were found among the groups fed diet-supplemented the different doses of FRJ, within low and median doses of FRJ may regulate the microbiota to a healthier state compared to the high dose supplementation. This study indicated that fermentation is a potential way to produce plant-based juices, which could reshape the gut microbiota and improve the host health.
Bioelectrical Impedance Vector Analysis of Young Elite Team Handball Players
Authors: Di Credico Andrea , Gaggi Giulia , Vamvakis Anastasios , Serafini Sofia , Ghinassi Barbara , Di Baldassarre Angela , Izzicupo Pascal
Published: December 2021

Team handball is a highly dynamic sport where physical demands differ between categories and roles. Thus, physical characteristics are fundamental for the final performance. This study aims to (a) characterize a sample of young male and female elite team handball players with a non-athletic reference population; (b) to generate their 50%, 75%, and 95% percentiles of the bioelectrical variables. The study included 55 young elite team handball players (Males, n = 37, age = 17.0 ± 1.2 yrs, height = 185.8 ± 7.3 cm, weight = 82.0 ± 11.0 kg, body mass index (BMI) = 23.7 ± 2.5; Females, n = 18, age = 17.8 ± 0.9 yrs, height = 171.2 ± 6.4 cm, weight = 67.4 ± 7.2 kg, BMI = 23.0 ± 2.0). Height and bioelectrical variables were assessed in a state of euhydration and standard conditions. Bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) was used to characterize the bioelectrical vector (BIA vector) distribution pattern for each group. Compared to the reference values, BIA vector showed statistically significant differences in males U17 (n = 19, T2 = 51.0, p < 0.0001), males U19 (n = 18, T2 = 82.0, p < 0.0001) and females U19 (n = 18, T2 = 85.8, p < 0.0001). Male groups were also bioelectrically different (T2 = 13.7, p = 0.0036). BIVA showed specific bioelectrical characteristics in young male and female elite handball players. This study provides an original data set of bioelectrical impedance reference values of young male and female elite team handball players. Our result might help to interpret individual bioimpedance vectors and define target regions for young handball players.
Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Mortality in Spain: A Predictive Model up to 2044
Authors: Sendín-Martin Mercedes , Hernández-Rodríguez Juan Carlos , Durán-Romero Antonio-José , Ortiz-Álvarez Juan , Conejo-Mir Julian , Pereyra-Rodríguez José-Juan
Published: December 2021

Non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC) are the most common malignancies worldwide and are, worryingly, increasing in incidence. However, data in the literature on NMSC specific mortality are scarce, because these tumors are excluded from most mortality registries. The main objective of this study is to analyze NMSC’s mortality rates and use them to generate a predictive model for the coming years in Spain. Data on mid-year population and death certificates for the period 1979–2019 were obtained from the Spanish National Statistics Institute. The Nordpred program (Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway) within statistical program R was used to calculate mortality adjusted rates, as well as the mortality projection with an age-period-cohort model. This is the first study to report a prediction about NMSC mortality in the next years. According to our findings, the number of NMSC deaths in older people will grow in both sexes, especially in those older than >85 years old (y.o.). The age-specific mortality rates of NMSC will tend to stabilize or gradually decrease, with the exception of women between 75–79 y.o., who will present a slight increase at the end of the period. Early prevention and screening of NMSC specifically oriented to this population might change this tendency.
A Warning Call for Fertility Preservation Methods for Women Undergoing Gonadotoxic Cancer Treatment
Authors: Mehedintu Claudia , Frincu Francesca , Carp-Veliscu Andreea , Barac Ramona , Badiu Dumitru-Cristinel , Zgura Anca , Cirstoiu Monica , Bratila Elvira , Plotogea Mihaela
Published: December 2021

Malignant hematological conditions have recognized an increased incidence and require aggressive treatments. Targeted chemotherapy, accompanied or not by radiotherapy, raises the chance of defeating the disease, yet cancer protocols often associate long-term gonadal consequences, for instance, diminished or damaged ovarian reserve. The negative effect is directly proportional to the types, doses, time of administration of chemotherapy, and irradiation. Additionally, follicle damage depends on characteristics of the disease and patient, such as age, concomitant diseases, previous gynecological conditions, and ovarian reserve. Patients should be adequately informed when proceeding to gonadotoxic therapies; hence, fertility preservation should be eventually regarded as a first-intention procedure. This procedure is most beneficial when performed before the onset of cancer treatment, with the recommendation for embryos or oocytes’ cryopreservation. If not feasible or acceptable, several options can be available during or after the cancer treatment. Although not approved by medical practice, promising results after in vitro studies increase the chances of future patients to protect their fertility. This review aims to emphasize the mechanism of action and impact of chemotherapy, especially the one proven to be gonadotoxic, upon ovarian reserve and future fertility. Reduced fertility or infertility, as long-term consequences of chemotherapy and, particularly, following bone marrow transplantation, is often associated with a negative impact of recovery, social and personal life, as well as highly decreased quality of life.