bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development and Validation of the Questionnaire for the Evaluation of Knowledge about Herbal Preparations (QEK-HP)
Authors: Mirković Snježana , Janković Slobodan , Džudović Jelena , Gužvić Vladimir
Published: June 2017

Phytopreparations, in addition to the pharmacological activity and positive effects on health, can lead to side effects, toxic effects, allergic reactions, as well as the interaction of conventional and herbal medicines. Despite this, there is a generally positive attitude that herbal medicines and herbal dietary supplements are safe and harmless to health and are most often used on its own initiative, without consultations with a pharmacist or a doctor. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a questionnaire for measuring the general knowledge about phytopreparations.

The study was designed as an observational, prospective cross-sectional study, intended for the valiation of the original epidemiological questionnaire to evaluate the knowledge about phytopreparations. The sample consisted of 218 respondents, who were visiting private pharmacies at the territory of Bijeljina, in February and March 2016.

The final version of the questionnaire for the evaluation of knowledge about herbal preparations had good internal consistency (α= 0.849) and homogeneity when randomly splitting the questionnaire into two parts (α=0.731; 0.788). Exploratory factor analysis singled out two factors.

Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the questionnaire was a valid and reliable instrument for the evaluation of general knowledge about safety of use of phytopreparations. This is very important because the evaluation of knowledge could lead to undertaking measures for improving it, which would reduce the potential adverse reactions and interactions of herbal preparations with conventional drugs, and the application would become safe and optimal.
Efficient rendering of caustics with streamed photon mapping
Authors: Guzek K. , Napieralski P.
Published: June 2017

In this paper, we present the streamed photon mapping method for enhancing the rendering of caustics. In order to achieve a realistic caustic effect, global illumination methods require additional data, which are gathered by creating a caustic map or increasing the number of samples used for rendering. Our method employs a stream of photons with a varying luminance level depending on the material properties of the surface. The application of a concentrated photon stream provides the ability to render caustics effectively without increasing the number of photons in a photon map. Such an approach increases visibility of results, while also allowing for faster computations.
HIV avidity index performance using a modified fourth-generation immunoassay to detect recent HIV infections
Authors: Suligoi Barbara , Regine Vincenza , Raimondo Mariangela , Rodella Anna , Terlenghi Luigina , Caruso Arnaldo , Bagnarelli Patrizia , Capobianchi Maria Rosaria , Zanchetta Nadia , Ghisetti Valeria , Galli Claudio
Published: June 2017

Background:

Detecting recent HIV infections is important to evaluate incidence and monitor epidemic trends. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance and accuracy of the avidity index (AI) for discriminating for recent HIV infections.

Methods:

We collected serum samples from HIV-1 positive individuals: A) with known date of infection (midpoint in time between last HIV-negative and first HIV-positive test); B) infected for >1 year. Samples were divided into two aliquots: one diluted with phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and the other with 1 M guanidine. Both aliquots were assayed by the Architect HIV Ag/Ab Combo 4th generation assay (Abbott). We compared AI found in recent (RI=<6 months from seroconversion) and established (EI) infections. The diagnostic accuracy was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The proportion of samples misclassified as recent (FRR) was calculated.

Results:

In total, 647 samples were collected: 455 in group A (51.6% RI and 48.4% EI) and 192 in group B. Among these, sixteen samples were from elite controllers, 294 from treated patients, 328 from patients infected with non-B subtypes. Samples before antiretroviral initiation showed a mean AI significantly lower among RI compared to EI (0.66+0.28 vs. 1.00±0.12; p<0.000). The FRR was 0% using a cut-off of ≤0.70. An extremely low FRR was observed among elite controllers, samples with low VL or CD4. HIV subtype had no impact on AI misclassifications. All individuals in group A reached the AI threshold of 0.80 within 24 months after seroconversion.

Conclusions:

The AI is an accurate serological marker for discriminating recent from established HIV infections and meets WHO requirements for HIV incidence assays.
NGAL and MMP-9/NGAL as biomarkers of plaque vulnerability and targets of statins in patients with carotid atherosclerosis
Authors: Eilenberg Wolf , Stojkovic Stefan , Kaider Alexandra , Kozakowski Nicolas , Domenig Christoph M. , Burghuber Christopher , Nanobachvili Josif , Huber Kurt , Klinger Markus , Neumayer Christoph , Huk Ihor , Wojta Johann , Demyanets Svitlana
Published: June 2017

Background:

Neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) is expressed in atherosclerotic lesions and was recently implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular pathologies. Statins are known to exert stabilizing effects on atherosclerotic plaque. The aims of our study were (1) to investigate the association of serum NGAL and metalloproteinase (MMP)-9/NGAL complex with the vulnerability of the atherosclerotic plaque, and (2) to reveal the effects of statin treatment on circulating NGAL and MMP-9/NGAL levels in patients with carotid artery stenosis.

Methods:

We examined the levels of NGAL and MMP-9/NGAL in blood samples from 136 patients with carotid artery stenosis by specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.

Results:

Patients with vulnerable plaques, as determined by ultrasound (plaques with decreased echogenicity) and histological analysis (type VI according to the classification of American Heart Association [AHA]), displayed the highest levels of NGAL (both p<0.0001) and MMP-9/NGAL complex (p=0.0004 and p=0.004, respectively). Moreover, patients with symptomatic carotid atherosclerosis had significantly higher NGAL levels compared to asymptomatic patients (p=0.0007). The statin-treated group (n=108) demonstrated lower NGAL (73.9 vs. 128.0 μg/L, p<0.0001) and MMP-9/NGAL (28.9 vs. 40.6 μg/L, p=0.046) as compared to the non-statin group (n=28). Furthermore, in multivariate regression analysis NGAL, but not MMP-9/NGAL levels, were independently associated with symptomatic carotid artery stenosis. In addition, statin treatment was independently associated with lower NGAL levels.

Conclusions:

Circulating NGAL and MMP-9/NGAL are associated with plaque vulnerability in patients with carotid artery stenosis. Statin treatment could contribute to plaque stabilization by reducing circulating NGAL and MMP-9/NGAL levels.
Possibility of Using Microstructures in Buildings’ Ventilation and Heating Systems
Authors: Majewski Grzegorz , Orman Łukasz J.
Published: June 2017

The paper discusses the issue of using microstructures as the heat enhancement technique that can be applied in ventilation and heating systems. The possibilities of usage are given and the experimental test results are presented. They prove that the application of microstructures may significantly improve the heat flux value exchanged during boiling of distilled water.
On Some Interesting Trends in Research of Steel and Composite Structures
Authors: Marcinowski Jakub
Published: June 2017

This paper is a kind of introduction to the special issue of CEER devoted to metal and composite structures. Papers collected in this issue were ordered from Authors who took part in International Conference on Metal Structures which was held in Zielona Góra in 2016. Selection of Authors and theme of ordered papers were done in cooperation with Metal Structures Section of the Civil Engineering Committee of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Selected papers included in this special issue of CEER were shortly presented in this editorial.
Fatigue Design and Prevention in Movable Scaffolding Systems
Authors: Coelho Hugo , Torres Alberto , Pacheco Pedro , Moreira Cristiano , Silva Rute , Soares José M. , Pinto Dânia
Published: June 2017

The Movable Scaffolding System (MSS) is a heavy construction equipment used for casting situ of concrete bridge decks. In the past decades, MSSs have become increasingly complex and industrialized, enlarging its span ranges, incorporating auxiliary elevation machinery and increasing productivity. The tendency nowadays is for strong reutilization and the notion of MSS as a disposable or temporary structure is somehow reductive. The main structure of MSSs may be potentially exposed to fatigue, usually characterized by low number of cycles with significant stress amplitude. Fatigue may be prevented through adequate design; judicious selection of materials; demanding quality control and implementation of robust inspection and maintenance plans.
Application of the Mathar Method to Identify Internal Stress Variation in Steel as a Welding Process Result
Authors: Kowalski Dariusz
Published: June 2017

The paper deals with the method to identify internal stresses in two-dimensional steel members. Steel members were investigated in the delivery stage and after assembly, by means of electric-arc welding. In order to perform the member assessment two methods to identify the stress variation were applied. The first is a non-destructive measurement method employing local external magnetic field and to detecting the induced voltage, including Barkhausen noise The analysis of the latter allows to assess internal stresses in a surface layer of the material. The second method, essential in the paper, is a semi-trepanation Mathar method of tensometric strain variation measurement in the course of a controlled void-making in the material. Variation of internal stress distribution in the material led to the choice of welding technology to join. The assembly process altered the actual stresses and made up new stresses, triggering post-welding stresses as a response for the excessive stress variation.
On the value of human life
Authors: Višňovský Emil
Published: June 2017

The author reflects on the issue of the value of human life in the contexts of current “posthuman” era. There is a host of evidence that the value of human for human beings themselves has been radically reduced or ignored, or replaced by other non-human values, and even neglected. The axiological crisis of humanity, as envisioned by Nietzsche, has become the existential and moral crisis of humanity today. No matter how contemporary technological culture challenges the traditional values, the ancient questions of “how to live?”, “what makes us happy?”, and “what makes life significant?” are still here with us and provide even greater challenges to every individual. The author points to pluralist ways of how to deal with these questions including the “stoic pragmatism” among them.
Comenius’ ethics: from the heart to the world
Authors: Misseri Lucas E.
Published: June 2017

This paper deals with the ethical views of the 17thcentury Czech thinker Jan Amos Komenský, also known as Johann Amos Comenius. Comeniologic studies are focused on different aspects of his contribution to education, theology and philosophy but surprisingly there are only a few studies on his ethical standpoints. Jan Patočka classified Comenius’s work in three periods: prepansophic, pansophic and panorthotic. Here the focus is on the panorthotic works in order to trace the different conceptions of ethics, virtue and other ethical concepts specially the virtue of prudence (prudentia/phronesis). Furthermore, to have a broader perspective, a short analysis of his prepansophic period bookThe Labyrinth of the World and the Paradise of the Heartis also included in order to contrast the evolution of the concept of prudence and the ethical sphere in his world-view. The methodology is based on conceptual analysis, the contrast of different references to ethics in his late period books. At the same time, this work is an attempt to extract secular elements for understanding his ethics, although the organic link between philosophy, theology and politics is recognized in his thought.
Are There Just Barriers? Institutional Perspective On the Development of E-Health in Poland
Authors: Kautsch Marcin , Lichoń Mateusz , Matuszak Natalia , Erskine Jonathan , Whitfield Malcolm
Published: June 2017

Development of e-health in Poland has suffered from multiple setbacks and delays. This paper presents views on and experiences with implementation of e-health solutions of three groups of respondents: buyers, suppliers and external experts with the aim of establishing to what extent and in what way e-health development was taking place in Polish public health care and if there were any national policy targets or European targets influencing this development. It is based on desktop studies and interviews conducted in Poland in the spring and summer of 2015. The interviews largely confirmed findings from the desktop study: legal obstacles were the decisive factor hindering the development of e-health, especially telemedicine, with extensive insufficiency of basic IT infrastructure closely following. Stakeholders were deterred from engaging with telemedicine, and from procuring e-health using non-standard procedures, from fear of legal liability. Some doctor’s resistance to e-health was also noted. There are reasons for optimism. Amendment to the Act on the System of Information in Health Care removed most legal obstacles to e-health. The Polish national payer (NFZ) has started introducing reimbursement for remote services, though it is still too early see results of these changes. Some doctors′ reluctance to telemedicine may change due to demographic changes in this professional group, younger generations may regard ICT-based solutions as a norm. In the same time, poor development of basic IT infrastructure in Polish hospitals is likely to persist, unless a national programme of e-health development is implemented (with funds secured) and contracting e-health services by NFZ is introduced on a larger scale.
Review of existing systems of jaspers nomenclature and classification in Poland and worldwide
Authors: Powolny Tomasz , Dumańska-Słowik Magdalena
Published: June 2017

Nowadays, the term “jasper” is variably defined in petrology and gemology. The unification of the nomenclature and the classification of jaspers seems to be an essential challenge for petrologists worldwide. This misnomer is very commonly used among sellers or collectors of various gemstones. Therefore, a huge diversity in the mineralogical composition, geological settings and genesis of particular “spotted stones” is reported. In this paper the term “jasper” is proposed for all “spotted stones” which have technical properties that make them useful for jewelry and in the production of small stone accessories. Nevertheless, the introduction and approval of the term “true jasper” for rocks of hydrothermal- metasomatic origin and metamorphosed volcanogenic-sedimentary products to petrologic nomenclature is recommended. Different types of jaspers and related rocks have various economic significance. Jaspers or jasper-like rocks are decorative gemstones applied in jewelry, whereas others may be used as refractory materials or feldspar raw materials. In contrast, the petrographic research of jasperoids is useful during prospecting new ore deposits.
Balance, Basic Anthropometrics and Performance in Young Alpine Skiers; Longitudinal Analysis of the Associations During Two Competitive Seasons
Authors: Lesnik Blaz , Sekulic Damir , Supej Matej , Esco Michael R , Zvan Milan
Published: June 2017

Balance is hypothesized to be important in alpine skiing, while it is known that balance depends on anthropometric indices. The aim of this investigation was to explore the association between balance, anthropometrics and skiing-results over two competitive seasons among youth alpine-skiers. Eighty-one skiers (40 females) participated in this study. The participants were tested twice over two competitive seasons: when they were 12-13 years old (U14) and when they were 14-15 years old (U16). The variables consisted of anthropometrics (body height and body mass) and three balance indexes (medio-lateral-, anterio-posterior- and overall-stability-index). Additionally, skiing results in U14 and U16 were evaluated. The balance status did not change significantly over the observed period of time regardless of the significant changes in body mass and height. The relationships between balance and skiing results were higher in the U14 (Pearson’s r = 0.45-0.54) than in the U16 (Pearson’s r = 0.05-0.28). The relationships between anthropometrics and competitive results were generally stronger in girls (Pearson’s r = 0.39-0.88) than in boys (Pearson’s r = 0.26-0.58). After clustering athletes into three achievement groups on a basis of their competitive performance, discriminant canonical analysis showed that relationships between balance and skiing results decreased, while the relationships between anthropometrics and skiing results increased over the two observed seasons. This study highlighted the importance of balance in youth alpine skiing in the age range of 11-14 years.
The Relationship Between Perceived Coaching Behaviours, Motivation and Self-Efficacy in Wrestlers
Authors: Sarı İhsan , Bayazıt Betül
Published: June 2017

The current study aimed to determine the relationship between perceived coaching behaviours, motivation, self-efficacy and general self-efficacy of wrestlers who competed in the Super National Wrestling League. The sample consisted of 289 wrestlers. The Self-Efficacy Scale was used to measure self-efficacy perception, the Sports Motivation Scale to measure the motivation of the athletes, the Leadership Scale for Sport to determine perceived leadership behaviours, and the General Self-Efficacy Scale to determine the general self-efficacy perceptions of the athletes. For data analyses, SPSS 17.0 software was used. According to the results of the regression analyses performed with the enter method, it was found that perceived training and instruction behaviour along with perceived social support behaviour significantly explained self-efficacy (adjusted R2_ = .03), intrinsic motivation (adjusted R2 = .04) and amotivation (adjusted R2 = .05). Also, perceived training and instruction behaviour (β = .51), autocratic behaviour (β = -.17) and social support behaviour (β = -.27) significantly contributed to athletes’ general self-efficacy (adjusted R2 = .10). In light of these findings, it may be argued that perceived training and instruction behaviour may be beneficial for self-efficacy, general self-efficacy, intrinsic motivation, and amotivation. On the other hand, it could be stated that perceived autocratic behaviour may be detrimental for general self-efficacy of the athletes. As for social support behaviour, it may be suggested that it is negatively related to self-efficacy, general self-efficacy and intrinsic motivation. Lastly, a positive relationship was observed between perceived social support behaviour and amotivation in wrestlers. The results reveal the specific characteristics of wrestlers and suggest some implications for wrestling coaches.
Induction of labor in patients with an unfavorable cervix after a cesarean using an osmotic dilator versus vaginal prostaglandin
Authors: Maier Josefine T. , Metz Melanie , Watermann Nina , Li Linna , Schalinski Elisabeth , Gauger Ulrich , Rath Werner , Hellmeyer Lars
Published: June 2017

Background:

Trial of labor after cesarean (TOLAC) is a viable option for safe delivery. In some cases cervical ripening and subsequent labor induction is necessary. However, the commonly used prostaglandins are not licensed in this subgroup of patients and are associated with an increased risk of uterine rupture.

Methods:

This cohort study compares maternal and neonatal outcomes of TOLAC in women (n=82) requiring cervical ripening agents (osmotic dilator vs. prostaglandins). The initial Bishop scores (BSs) were 2 (0–5) and 3 (0–5) (osmotic dilator and prostaglandin group, respectively). In this retrospective analysis, Fisher’s exact test, the Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test and Pearson’s chi-squared test were utilized.

Results:

Vaginal birth rate (including operative delivery) was 55% (18/33) in the osmotic dilator group vs. 51% (25/49) in the dinoprostone group (P 0.886). Between 97% and 92% (32/33 and 45/49) (100%, 100%) of neonates had an Apgar score of >8 after 1 min (5, 10 min, respectively). The time between administration of the agent and onset of labor was 36 and 17.1 h (mean, Dilapan-S® group, dinoprostone group, respectively). Time from onset of labor to delivery was similar in both groups with 4.4 and 4.9 h (mean, Dilapan-S® group, dinoprostone group, respectively). Patients receiving cervical ripening with Dilapan-S® required oxytocin in 97% (32/33) of cases. Some patients presented with spontaneous onset of labor, mostly in the dinoprostone group (24/49, 49%). Amniotomy was performed in 64% and 49% (21/33 and 24/49) of cases (Dilapan-S® group and dinoprostone group, respectively).

Conclusions:

This pilot study examines the application of an osmotic dilator for cervical ripening to promote vaginal delivery in women who previously delivered via cesarean section. In our experience, the osmotic dilator gives obstetricians a chance to perform induction of labor in these women.
Crystal structure of 2-amino-4-(4-isopropyl-phenyl)-3-cyano-5-oxo-4H,5H-pyrano[3,2-c]chromene, C22H18N2O3
Authors: Zhang Chang-Hu
Published: June 2017

C22H18N2O3, orthorhombic, Pbca (no. 61), a = 14.8532(7) Å, b = 11.3579(6) Å, c = 22.1712(18) Å, V = 3740.3(4) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.0596, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1653, T = 293(2) K.
Rational Solutions and Lump Solutions of the Potential YTSF Equation
Authors: Sun Hong-Qian , Chen Ai-Hua
Published: June 2017

By using of the bilinear form, rational solutions and lump solutions of the potential Yu–Toda–Sasa–Fukuyama (YTSF) equation are derived. Dynamics of the fundamental lump solution, n
1-order lump solutions, and N-lump solutions are studied for some special cases. We also find some interaction behaviours of solitary waves and one lump of rational solutions.
Surviving Secularization
Authors: Bacich Damian
Published: June 2017

In 1833 a group of Mexican-born Franciscans from the College of Our Lady of Guadalupe in Zacatecas was sent to Alta California to replace their Spanish confreres in several of the northern missions. The Franciscan priests were not prepared, however, for the situation they would encounter as a result of mission secularization. With missions in decay and stripped of both their resources and their native inhabitants, these priests eventually found themselves marginalized in a society in which their Spanish predecessors had been protagonists. The political changes of the 1840s, from local insurrections against Mexican authorities and inter-Californio rivalries to the difficulties of U.S. military occupation, forced a shift in identity among some of these friars. No longer missionaries, they had to adapt to a hand-to-mouth existence and the lifestyle of an itinerant pastor, while seeking wherever possible to advocate for Native rights. Beginning with H. H. Bancroft, California historians often portrayed the priests' unorthodox lifestyles as the result of corruption and ignorance. A closer look at the life of one of these friars, José María Suárez del Real, helps contextualize their choices within the trying circumstances of years of upheaval and uncertainty.
Baylisascaris procyonis un nemátodo del mapache urbano, agente zoonótico emergente por considerar como diagnóstico diferencial de larva migrans en Costa Rica. Revisión
Authors: Baldi Mario , Piche Martha , Romero Mario , Hutter Sabine Elisabeth , Montenegro Víctor , Walzer Chris
Published: June 2017

El ascaridio Baylisascaris procyonis es un agente parasitario de importancia para la salud pública, siendo su huésped definitivo el mapache común (Procyon lotor). Un nuevo informe alerta sobre la presencia de estas lombrices en poblaciones de mapaches en la zona urbana de Costa Rica, y hace énfasis en la necesidad de conocer más sobre este parásito, su ciclo de vida y cómo prevenir su transmisión en humanos y animales domésticos. Esta comunicación es una breve revisión sobre los aspectos más importantes de este nematodo y sus efectos negativos en la salud animal y pública.  Además, se hace hincapié en los mejores métodos de diagnóstico etiológico y los más apropiados para animales domésticos, así como el tratamiento y la prevención en perros. El presente artículo pretende formar conciencia en los trabajadores de la salud pública y animal sobre la necesidad de tomar el Bayliascaris procyonis dentro de su diagnóstico diferencial de larvas migrantes en Costa Rica.
Sistemas para la organización del conocimiento: definición y evolución histórica
Authors: Suárez Sánchez Adriana
Published: June 2017

En este ensayo se analizan los Sistemas para la Organización del Conocimiento (SOC) con el objetivo de establecer su definición y la forma en que evolucionó históricamente. Se propone que los SOC son fundamentales en la bibliotecología, en tanto que estandarizan los procesos ordenadores y posibilitan el efectivo rescate de la información. Se determina que: (1) en la parte conceptual confluyen diversos conceptos de SOC, (2) su evolución histórica está asociada a visiones interdisciplinarias (epistemología, ciencias cognitivas, bibliotecología, ciencias computacionales), (3) históricamente, han pasado por diversas etapas, asociadas a los paradigmas organizadores imperantes y, (4) actualmente, están en un proceso de ajuste a contextos digitales asociados a la Web 2.0, la Web Semántica y el Linked Data. Finalmente, puede concluirse que el estudio teórico de los SOC es importante, ya que contribuye a una mejor planeación de las aplicaciones prácticas que éstos pueden tener en la organización de recursos de información.
Las bases de datos descriptivas: Un diseño de Modelo conceptual orientado a objetos
Authors: Herrera Delgado Lizbeth Berenice
Published: June 2017

El presente artículo teórico es resultado de una investigación que conjuga la Ingeniería de Sistemas y la Bibliotecología; muestra una aproximación interdisciplinaria ante la problemática que presentan las bases de datos descriptivas de la biblioteca digital, problema generado por el cambio en los principios organizativos de la información y las demandas que el ambiente digital impone a las bibliotecas. El análisis conduce a un replanteamiento sobre la construcción de bases de datos descriptivas, migrando del Modelo entidad-relación (E-R) para adoptar el Modelo orientado a objetos (MOO) el cual en la actualidad es usado para la construcción y desarrollo programático de la web semántica. Por lo anterior, este artículo teórico propone un Modelo conceptual orientado a objetos bajo una metodología propia, la cual desarrolla el proceso para generar el modelo propuesto en dos etapas. La primera es de aproximación al problema, mientras que la segunda corresponde a la identificación de los elementos que incluye componentes de las normas Recursos, Descripción y Acceso (RDA) y observa los principios teóricos que establecen las FRBR (Requerimientos Funcionales para Registros Bibliográficos). Ya en su conjunto se analizan todos los datos para generar la propuesta de diseño de tres modelos conceptuales orientado a objetos para bases de datos descriptivas: 1) el Modelo de obra, 2) el Modelo de dominio y 3) el Modelo de instancia, para conformar una base de datos descriptiva más adecuada y propia de la biblioteca en esta era digital.
Assessment of the Water Quality of Saba River, Osogbo, Nigeria
Authors: YUSUF Oluwafisayo A. , ADEWOLE Henry A. , OLALEYE Victor F.
Published: June 2017

The water quality and concentrations of selected heavy metals (cadmium, lead, and zinc) in Saba River, Osogbo were assessed monthly over a period of six months with a view to providing information on the water quality of the potentially polluted urban river system. Three sampling sites were selected along the Saba River (the upper reach of the river (Station A), mid-point of the river (Station B) and the lower reach of the river where it emptied into River Osun (Station C)). The recorded ambient air and water temperature, pH, alkalinity conductivity, total hardness, BOD and COD, as well as the phosphate and nitrate levels of Saba River, were within the maximum allowable regulatory limits of WHO (2011). The dissolved oxygen level between March and April in all the sampling points were in the limit of putting aquatic life under stress (<5.0 mg/L). Also the alkalinity level in station B between February and June, and in Station C from February till May were however above the maximum allowable desirable range of EPA (2001) and WHO (2011). The concentration of zinc, which ranged from 717 to 1,000 µg/L, was the highest amongst the selected metals assayed in the water. However, the mean concentration of lead in the water samples collected from Stations B and C (26 µg/L and 24 µg/L, respectively) was found to be above recommended regulatory acceptable limits of 20 µg/L of WHO (2011) and FEPA (2007). The study concluded that the physico-chemical indices of the water quality indicated that the river was mildly polluted.
Estatística Multivariada Aplicada ao Estudo da Qualidade do Ar
Authors: Leoni Roberto Campos , Sampaio Nilo Antonio de Souza , Corrêa Sergio Machado
Published: June 2017

Resumo O estudo da qualidade do ar de uma cidade envolve diferentes aspectos, como as emissões, as transformações físico-químicas, a meteorologia e a topografia, tornando esse estudo altamente não linear. Em particular, as cidades brasileiras experimentam um mosaico bem distinto do panorama mundial, em função do uso de diferentes combustíveis por nossa frota veicular. Neste estudo, utilizou-se um conjunto de dados coletados por uma estação de monitoramento da qualidade do ar na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, no bairro da Gávea, entre julho e outubro de 2011, em um total de 2240 observações de médias horárias de 11 variáveis. Os dados foram tratados estatisticamente, de forma descritiva e multivariada, de modo a elucidar a correlação entre as variáveis envolvidas. A estatística multivariada empregou a análise dos componentes principais e agrupamentos euclidianos e critérios de Ward. Os resultados indicaram uma alta correlação entre os poluentes primários óxidos de nitrogênio e monóxido de carbono (0,71), evidenciando que possuem a mesma origem veicular e que o monóxido de nitrogênio e o ozônio (0,66) e este com a radiação solar também estão correlacionados (0,41), corroborando a formação fotoquímica do ozônio. Outras correlações são entre a temperatura e a umidade relativa do ar (0,64) e que o ozônio possui uma contribuição de localidades vizinhas, em função da dependência deste com a velocidade do vento (0,59).
A voz das famílias e as vozes sobre as famílias em um núcleo de medidas socioeducativas em meio aberto
Authors: Munhoz Sara Regina
Published: June 2017

Resumo O artigo expõe etnograficamente os modos como a equipe técnica de um núcleo de medidas socioeducativas em meio aberto protagoniza as famílias na construção dos atendimentos a adolescentes autores de práticas infracionais. A partir de dois conjuntos de materiais descrevo como as famílias são convocadas a falar de si e, concomitantemente, são inserias em uma série de documentos elaborados pela equipe. Sem essa dupla presença das famílias no núcleo - nos encontros organizados pelos técnicos e nos papéis produzidos por eles - os atendimentos aos adolescentes não podem ser construídos satisfatoriamente. Apresento, portanto, um deslocamento enunciativo com alcances muito concretos: manejar satisfatoriamente a presença das famílias implicará diretamente nas possibilidades de sucesso da medida socioeducativa.
Heritability of peach tree resistance to bacterial leaf spot
Authors: Varago André Luiz , Citadin Idemir , Sachet Marcos Robson , Penso Gener Augusto , Raseira Maria do Carmo Bassols
Published: June 2017

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the broad-sense heritability reaction to bacterial leaf spot (Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni), in peach tree populations obtained from directed crosses. Disease severity and defoliation of the genotypes were evaluated in field conditions, with posterior measurement of the healthy leaf area duration (HAD). The observed average heritability (0.51) indicates that the use of the evaluated genitors can be effective for the development of cultivars with higher resistance to the disease.
REVISITANDO OS EFEITOS DE LUGAR: segregação e acesso ao mercado de trabalho em uma metrópole brasileira
Authors: Borges Ângela , Carvalho Inaiá
Published: June 2017

Este artigo se propõe a discutir o denominado “efeito território”, compreendido como os benefícios ou prejuízos que afetam alguns grupos sociais em decorrência de sua localização no espaço urbano, analisando como o local de moradia interfere sobre o acesso e a incorporação ao mercado de trabalho, com base em uma pesquisa efetuada na terceira maior capital brasileira, a cidade de Salvador. Para tanto, ele começa se reportando à literatura existente sobre esse fenômeno e às discussões correntes sobre os impactos adversos da segregação. Apresenta, a seguir, as especificidades de Salvador do ponto de vista da ocupação e diferenciação do seu território e de suas condições ocupacionais. Por fim, com base em tabulações especiais da RAIS e do Censo de 2010, devidamente espacializadas, o texto evidencia como o “efeito território” opera de forma adversa à população que se concentra nas periferias pobres, mais distantes e menos equipadas, somando-se a outros fatores e contribuindo para a vulnerabilidade ocupacional de seus moradores e para a reprodução das desigualdades sociais.
O QUE SIGNIFICAM AS OCUPAÇÕES DE IMÓVEIS EM ÁREAS CENTRAIS?
Authors: Trindade Thiago Aparecido
Published: June 2017

Adotando como referência empírica o movimento de moradia do centro de São Paulo, o presente artigo tem como objetivo principal analisar o significado das ocupações de imóveis ociosos promovidas por atores desse movimento na área central da cidade. Demonstramos, com isso, o papel dos movimentos sociais como atores que se colocam na posição de desafiantes das ideias, dos discursos e valores hegemônicos na sociedade. Por meio da fala dos próprios ativistas engajados nessa mobilização, discute-se também como o direito de morar no centro tornou-se uma pauta política gradualmente construída pelos setores populares. A metodologia adotada, de caráter predominantemente qualitativo, consistiu em revisão teórica, coleta de dados em documentos e material jornalístico e entrevistas com militantes. Como conclusão, sugerimos que o principal significado das ocupações nas áreas centrais consiste no questionamento do modelo hegemônico de urbanização na sociedade brasileira, que, historicamente, afastou as camadas mais pobres em direção aos cinturões periféricos das cidades.
Construction delays: a case study in the Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Maués Luiz Mauricio Furtado , Santana Wylliam Bessa , Santos Paulo Cerqueira dos , Neves Renato Martins das , Duarte André Augusto Azevedo Montenegro
Published: June 2017

Abstract he construction industry is one of the industrial sectors with the lowest rates of fulfilment of contract deadlines, especially in developing countries. This fact has been the focus of considerable discussions seeking to identify the causes of the delays. The main purpose of this paper is to use factor analysis to identify the factors that are correlated with delay, contemplating exclusively residential real estate projects and using a city in the Brazilian Amazon as a case study. Based on the database from the government agency that authorises constructions in the city of Belém (City Planning Department - Secretaria Municipal de Urbanismo, SEURB) and data from construction companies, the study investigated 274 construction projects from the past 11 years. Factor analysis and work with the variables that can be identified and measured in the initial phase of the project, i.e., during the feasibility study, demonstrate that the physical characteristics of the apartments and the construction project are the primary causes for variations in construction delays; these causes have not yet been reported in the literature. We hope that the results of this study will contribute to more consistent forecasting of construction time, minimising the risk of delays.
Relative and Conditional Clause Constructions in Ìyàgbà Dialect
Authors: Oluwole Samuel Akintoye
Published: June 2017

Relative Clause has been discussed as a subordinate clause used to qualify a noun. It narrows down the meaning of the noun it qualifies. A relative clause marker tí is inserted to accomplish the noun qualified having coded in the sentence initially in Yoruba language  on the one hand. On the other hand, a conditional clause in Yoruba language is introduced with tí-clause by coding it in the sentence initially as well.  The paper focuses on relative clause and conditional clause constructions in the Ìyàgbà dialect of Yoruba; a regional dialect in the north-east Yoruba. The author observes that though there are many scholarly works on the relative and conditional clause constructions in the Yoruba language, attention has not been paid to the relative and conditional clause constructions in the dialects of Yoruba. The data were collected from the informants from these dialect communities who reside in these communities and speak the dialects fluently, and the literature materials on these topics. The data presentation shall be based on descriptive analysis.  Findings reveal that relative clause markers in the Ìyàgbà dialect are in complementary distribution; they occur in an exclusive environment. Apart from that, conditional clause markers are not attested in the dialect.
Creating High-Frequency, Naturalistic Opportunities to Develop Small Talk Skills in EFL Classrooms
Authors: Kuznetsova Irina
Published: June 2017

The paper is the outcome of an action research project that investigated factors that keep students from participating in classroom small talk (ST). In-class observations, surveys and students’ logs, backed by the author’s self-reflection resulted in an intervention plan which aimed to help students with their anxiety and ST apprehension. The final role plays, as well as the survey demonstrated that there was a change in how the students noticed and used the opportunities to utilize ST. Specifically, they started to see the potential of classroom talk for putting ST skills into practice. Another finding is the need to raise the students’ awareness of ST as a social and linguistic skill, to clearly establish ground rules for practising ST, and to create high-frequency, naturalistic opportunities to develop ST in class. It is argued in the paper that ST skills can be practised in the classroom beyond the purposefully designed activities, i.e. in spontaneous interactions between the teacher and the students. Such interactions may decrease the students' anxieties and reluctance to get engaged in small talk. This change would have a positive effect on their outside-the-classroom interactions in English, both in academic and work-place situations.
Move Structure of Research Article Abstracts on Management: Contrastive Study (the Case of English and Russian)
Authors: Zanina Elena
Published: June 2017

Although a plethora of papers have proved a seminal role of move-based genre analysis in cross-linguistic research of academic communication and EAP/ESP teaching and learning, there is a lack of respective linguistic or pedagogically motivated studies of research articles (RAs) and their parts aimed at comparing English and Russian. Using Hyland’s (2000) 5-move model, the current research seeks to determine the most obvious cross-linguistic differences in the move structure of abstracts of research articles on management for these languages. Based on a move analysis of the English- and Russian-language corpora each comprising 20 unstructured RA abstracts, the research revealed conformity of most English-language abstracts to Hyland’s model, while the Russian abstracts principally displayed a three-move structure containing ‘purpose’, ‘method’ and ‘product’, and included the ‘introduction’ and ‘conclusion’ moves only occasionally. Other significant discrepancies comprised the English-language authors’ tendency to provide precise or detailed indication of research methods and results, in contrast to their brief indication or over-generalized mentioning by Russian writers, as well as greater length of the English-language abstracts and their stricter concordance to standard move sequence than those of the Russian abstracts. Though the research was conducted on relatively small corpora and was descriptive in nature, its findings might be of interest to genre analysts as well as to L2 theorists and practitioners.
A regionalização da saúde no federalismo brasileiro
Authors: Curvina Ana Cristina Carvalho
Published: June 2017

A abordagem sobre a regionalização, diretriz constitucional organizadora do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), teve como base os fundamentos dispostos no ordenamento constitucional e seus conceitos, com vistas a verificar a efetividade da regionalização no sistema federativo brasileiro. Foi abordado, também, o conceito de descentralização, processo que possibilitou a transferência do poder decisório da esfera federal para os estados e municípios. A partir da revisão da literatura e da legislação federal, foram analisadas as implicações das relações intergovernamentais para a efetivação da regionalização das ações e serviços de saúde. A estrutura institucional do SUS demonstra que a coordenação da regionalização é orientada pelo modelo do federalismo, com atribuições e competências definidas na Constituição Federal e na Lei Orgânica da Saúde, para os três entes federados.  Concluiu-se que a regionalização no SUS representa o federalismo cooperativo, expresso nas relações intergovernamentais, com base normativa bem definida, entretanto, ainda persistem alguns fatores críticos, como a heterogeneidade da estrutura federativa brasileira, a cultura política do país, as responsabilidades do poder executivo municipal, e a gestão da cooperação entre os entes no âmbito regional.
Selectivity of Thinking and Particularity of Association Activity in Different Modalities in Normal and Schizophrenia Children 8–11 Years Old
Authors: Vlasenkova I.N. , Zvereva N.V.
Published: June 2017

The article is devoted to the actual problem of clinical psychology studies of cognitive dysontogenesis in schizophrenic conditions. Evaluation results of particularity of association activity and selectivity of thinking in normal and schizophrenic primary school age children are given. Two samples were examined: 60 schizophrenic children and 60 mentally healthy children at the age from 7 to 11 years old. Experimental psychological author’s complex of techniques for evaluation of verbal associations in response to stimuli of different modalities (olfactory, audio-verbal, visual, tactile) along with evaluation of thinking selectivity and cognitive development level were used. Present research results are discussed in relations with particularity of cognitive deficiency and manifestation of cognitive dysontogenesis in schizophrenic primary school age children. Connections between thinking selectivity disorder and particularities of association activity in different modalities of schizophrenic young schoolchildren are demonstrated. The key research result is following: thinking selectivity disorder in schizophrenia condition is also manifested in the association process of schizophrenic children and doesn’t depend on modality.
Recognition of One’s Own Mental State by Parents of Children-patients
Authors: Solondaev V.K. , Koneva E. , Lyasnikova L.
Published: June 2017

In present article studied recognition of the situation of actualization of the mental state by child-patients parent's. The research was carried out in two stages. Sample: 70 mothers having children under the age of 7 years. Average age of mothers – 27 years. At the first stage by means of the technique "A relief of a mental state" (Prokhorov, 1998) were received estimates of mental states in the following situations: hospitalization of the child, "bad" medical care, troubles at work, "good" medical care, a usual (background) mental state. Based on the results of the first stage were two sets of descriptions were constructed. At the second stage, these sets were presented for recognition to the same sample. The first set of descriptions was constructed by the tequnique of the machine learning, the second set was constructed by the scheme of E.Yu. Artemyeva (1999). The results show the possibility of recognizing the situations of actualization of the mental state by the parents of child patients, which is limited by the emotional valence of the situation. Differentiation of situations of one valence is obstructed. The condition, actualized in one situation, can be extrapolated to other situations of similar emotional valence. The way to construct a description of the experienced mental state has a matter for recognition of the situation of actualization of a mental state.

Funding
This work was supported by grant RFH №15-06-10641.
The Modification of the Parental Attitudes Questionnaire (A. Varga, V. Stolin) for the Family with the Child with Mental Disabilities
Authors: Galasyuk I.N. , Mitina O.
Published: June 2017

The article discusses the possibility of use of the parent-child relationship questionnaire in a situation of raising a child with developmental disorders in a family. As the basic technique is considered Varga–Stolin parental attitudes questionnaire. The possibility of its modification is discussed changing the number of questions, the contents of which inadequately investigated in the question’s situation, clarification of "Control" scale. This construct changes significantly when relationships of parents with a sick child is considered comparing to the normal family. Also the number of items was reduced. Confirmatory factor analysis was used for psychometric analysis. The study involved 137 parents of children with mental developmental disorders, which are the inmates of children's homes, boarding schools, Centers promote family education Moscow.

Funding
This work was supported by grant RFH № 16-06-00991.
Primary Approbation of the Questionnaire for Assessing the Perception of Contradictions in the Norm and Mental Pathology
Authors: Rupchev G.E. , Alekseev A.A.
Published: June 2017

The purpose of this study is the primary approbation of the questionaire for the assessment of the perception of contradictions. We developed a questionnaire "Study of contradictions", which includes pairs of opposing or not opposing characteristics of the person (both physical and psychological and social). The study involved 26 schizophrenia patients and 15 healthy subjects. The study revealed that patients with schizophrenia are significantly less compared to healthy subjects, allowed for the possibility of coexistence in a person of the opposite social and psychological characteristics. The data obtained allows considering that tolerance of some inconsistency in the perception of themselves and others is a normative phenomenon and acts as the integrity and stability of beliefs about themselves and other people.

This work was supported by grant of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research
№ 17-06-00271.

The authors are grateful Kochneva T.V. for assistance in data collection.
The School of V.M. Bechterew: From the Beginnings to the Present Time
Authors: Roschina I. , Zvereva N.V.
Published: June 2017

The article is devoted to the results of the All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference with International Participation held on May 18-19, 2017 in St. Petersburg, dedicated to the 160th anniversary of the birth of V.M. Bekhterev and the 110th anniversary of the
St. Petersburg Psycho-Neurological Research Institute named after V.M. Bekhterev