bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Various Types of Cultivation on Stream Water Quality in Central Poland
Authors: Stępniewski Krzysztof , Karger Michał , Łaszewski Maksym
Published: December 2023

Agricultural practices have a significant impact on stream water quality in rural landscapes; however, there is still little empirical evidence of how different types of cultivation alter the hydrochemistry of running water. Thus, the current study explored the spatial dynamics of selected ion concentrations and their land cover dependence in lowland agricultural catchments. From November 2021 to October 2022, water samples were collected from 30 sites located across small tributaries of the rivers Bzura, Pilica, and Radomka for chemical analysis of their NO3, NO2, NH4, Ca, Mg, K, Na, As, Ba, Sr, and V concentrations. The results indicated a clear spatial heterogeneity of water quality, related to lithology and dominant land cover evaluated with the CORINE Land Cover 2018 dataset. Overall, sites representing agricultural land promoted increased concentrations of major and trace elements, while those with pepper cultivation were additionally contaminated with NO3 and NO2. The correlation performance for nitrogen compounds was the highest for narrower buffer zones, which was not documented for major and trace elements, which were linked more strongly with land cover at larger scales. Such new insights into the water quality dynamics of lowland agricultural catchments, being a simultaneous reflection of lithology, agricultural practices, and several municipal impacts, have significant implications for appropriate water management in rural landscapes.
A Computational Tool to Track Sewage Flow Discharge into Rivers Based on Coupled HEC-RAS and DREAM
Authors: Wen Junbo , Ju Mengdie , Jia Zichen , Su Lei , Wu Shanshan , Su Yuting , Liufu Wenxiao , Yin Hailong
Published: December 2023

Worldwide abatement of untreated sewage discharge into surface water is a challenging task. Sewage discharging into surface waters has a detrimental impact on water quality. This paper presents a MATLAB (R2018b) framework designed to identify sewage flow discharges into rivers from an inverse problem-solving perspective. The computational tool integrates a hydrodynamic model using the Hydrologic Engineering Center’s River Analysis System (HEC-RAS 5.0.0) and an open-source toolbox for Differential Evolution Adaptive Metropolis (DREAM) as the inverse problem method. The proposed framework can effectively infer discharge sources in scenarios of highly transient flow based on hydraulic data at pre-set monitoring sites. To validate its capabilities, one hypothetical case and two real cases of sewage flow discharges entering a river were used to test the developed modeling framework. The results based on three performance metrics showed that this mathematical tool can be extended to simulate complex hydrodynamic flow patterns. This accomplishment underscores its potential as a valuable asset for environmental monitoring and water quality restoration efforts.
Factors associated with brain and pre-brain arteriovenous malformation: a case control study
Authors: Vilar Lima Rian , De Lucena Viana Tayenne Nélly , Sobral Uchoa Andressa , Menezes Piancó Leal Thiago , Pereira dos Santos Maria Vanessa , De Carvalho Neto Luís Sebastião , Neves Feitosa Filho Helvécio , Borges Morais Yuri
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Brain and pre-brain arteriovenous malformations (BAVMs) are an important cause of hemorrhagic stroke among youth, although are normally a congenital condition, can easily pass unnoticed for years. Objective. To find predictors of BAVMs. Method. Case control study based in the database of the Health Information System (TABNET), made available by the Informatics Department of the Brazilian National Health System (DATASUS). Information of children born with BAVMs (ICD Q280 and Q282) ranging from 2010 to 2020 was collected and compared with all the other childrens born at the same period of time. Results. A total of 75 cases of BAVMs were found, with 21 being pre-cerebral and 54 cerebral. Females represented 55% (41) of the patients. A cohort of 40,588,143 babies was used as control. Preterm newborns had an approximate 10 times higher chance of having BAVMs (p<0.001; OR:9.990; CI: 6.347-15.725). Cesarean birth was associated with 63% higher chance of BAVMs.(p<0.001; OR: 0.372; CI: 0.219-0.632). Ethnicity was also associated with BAVMs, notably with white ones having 2,2 times more chances of having BAVM (p=0.001; OR: 2.242; CI:1.379-3.643). Twin pregnancy was marginally associated with BAVMs (p=0.063; OR: 0.361; CI: 0.132-0.989). Conclusion. Prematurity, cesarean birth, and white ethnicity were significantly associated with BAVMs. These findings are worth considering to guide screening strategies and clinical suspicion. Prospective cohort studies in the same topic are recommended.
Influence of phytobiotics and organic acid on nutrient utilization efficiency and carcass characteristics of broiler
Authors: A A S Shuvo , RAHMAN Atiar Md
Published: December 2023

A total of 120-day old straight run broiler chicks (cobb 500) were randomly assigned into four groups having three replications in each. In control group (To) only mash feed (ME- 3028 kcal/kg, CP- 22.72%) was supplied and in other groups (TN, TM, TC), control + 1% dried Neem leaf powder, Control + 1% dried Moringa leaf powder and control + 1% Citric acid were supplied respectively. The entire period for feeding trial was 28 days. At last day of the feeding trial blood and meat samples were collected. The body weight gain of broilers was observed as the highest in Tc group (p<0.05). Feed conversion ratio (FCR) and Metabolizable energy (ME) intake per gram gain (4.63) was lower (p < 0.05) in TM than the other groups of birds. Energy efficiency ratio in TM and protein efficiency ratio in TN was higher (p < 0.05) than other groups of birds. CP content was high (p < 0.05) in TN. Drip loss and cooking loss was lower (p < 0.05) in TM than other groups. Based on the findings of the present experiment, it could be concluded that, supplementation of dried Moringa leaf powder has stimulating effect on nutrient utilization and carcass characteristics of broiler and useful phytobiotics for safe and high-quality broiler meat production.
HEALTH BELIEF MODEL APPROACH STRUCTURED HEALTH EDUCATION ON SELF-EFFICACY IN COMPLIANCE WITH HEMODIALISA
Authors: Motuho Mendrofa Fery Agusman , Alfiatur Rohmaniah Faridha , Widiyaningsih Widiyaningsih , Priya Utama Julvainda Eka
Published: December 2023

Morbidity and mortality rates for chronic kidney failure increase every year due to age and style factors living , smoking, intake fluid, obedience diet and hemodialysis. CKD patients become dependent on dialysis machines, the threat of job loss, complications and death, so that the patient's life expectancy is low. This affects self - efficacy in healthy behavior and compliance with hemodialysis. This research determines the effect of structured health education with a health belief model approach on self-efficacy in compliance with hemodialysis . The research design used a quasi-experimental pretest and posttest with control group . The number of respondents, 31 patients in the intervention and control groups, were selected using purposive sampling . The instrument used is the chronic kidneys disease self-efficacy (CKD-SE) contains 37 statements. The intervention was given in 4 sessions lasting 60-90 minutes. Data analysis used the t-test with levels significance 95%. There are differences in self-efficacy in compliance with hemodialysis before and after the intervention. Structured health education has an effect on increasing self-efficacy in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis with (p value = 0.000 < 0.05) . There is an influence of structured health education with a health belief model approach on self-efficacy in compliance with hemodialysisKeywords: Health Belief Model; Hemodialysis; Self-Efficacy;Structured Health Education
Shaping of the safety culture in road transport – Diagnosis and perspectives for development in the area of education policy
Authors: Pietrek Grzegorz
Published: December 2023

The research objective of this article is to determine the possibilities to influence the shaping of the safety culture in road transport, taking into account the education policy of the state. As a result, the research problem is as follows: "What are the possibilities of effective shaping of the safety culture in transport by the state?". Therefore, a hypothesis was put forward, which comes down to the statement that the most effective way of shaping the safety culture in transport is to pursue an appropriate education policy. To achieve such a research objective, answer the research question and confirm the hypothesis, a range of theoretical research methods were applied, including comparison, analysis of literature, analysis of legal acts, synthesis and analysis, inference (induction and deduction), and abstraction.
Sustainable university – Knowledge and technology transfer channels to enterprises
Authors: Kobylińska Urszula , Irimia-Dieguez Ana Isabel
Published: December 2023

The main aim of the article is an empirical verification of the channels through which the transfer of knowledge and technology from technical universities to enterprises takes place. The specific objective is to indicate the forms in which scientists can transfer knowledge and technology to enterprises in the field of sustainable solutions. In order to identify the features of the hidden dimensions of the university-enterprise relationship, the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used. The factor analysis showed that there are 3 channels through which scientists from technical universities establish relations with enterprises: the consulting and educational channel, the scientific and information channel, and the research and commercialization channel. In each of these channels, forms of knowledge and technology transfer have been identified that may relate to environmental topics for enterprises.
Musik dan Nyanyian dalam Magisterium Abad Ke-20
Authors: Denny Firmanto Antonius
Published: December 2023

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Implementasi Konseling REBT dalam Rangka Mengarahkan Meaning Of Life Remaja
Authors: Aiwani Aisyiah , Nate Mahara Pinte , Nate Mahara Pinte , Hasanah Binti Uswatun , Munir Ah. Fahri , Fahira Ihza Chaidaratul , Kaesti Mutiarani R. D. E
Published: December 2023

Highlighting the mechanism in the meaning of life of adolescents, it was found that they had not yet mastered matters related to directing a view of life so that things were needed that could be used as reinforcement so that adolescents did not misinterpret things shown by people in their environment. In response to this, the researcher aims to conduct research with a library research design related to the Implementation of REBT Counseling in directing the meaning of life of adolescents. The results obtained from the search by researchers are to direct adolescents who are at an unstable age, assistance is needed for the adolescents themselves. Assistance can be done by adults such as parents, teachers and counselors. Basically, the classification of rational and irrational thoughts is done so that the counselee is able to understand in advance which path is good to take as a guide to the meaning of life. In addition, the counselor also needs to challenge the counselee to test his thoughts. If indeed there are some rational thoughts that are chosen as a path by the counselee, the counselor does not immediately say yes, but the counselor also needs to play a role in opposing what the counselee conveys to measure his understanding of the meaning of life he chooses.
Pelatihan Peningkatan Kemampuan Bahasa Inggris melalui Media Sosial
Authors: Suek Leni Amelia
Published: December 2023

Paparan terhadap media sosial semakin meningkat seiring waktu. Semakin meningkatnya pengguna sosial media tidak dibarengi dengan pemanfaatannya untuk proses belajar. Hal ini menjadi masalah tersendiri bagi para pemelajar karena seharusnya mereka bisa memanfaatkannya untuk meningkatkan ilmu pengetahuan dan ketrampilan mereka. Pelatihan Peningkatan Kemampuan Bahasa Inggris Melalui Media Sosial yang dihadiri oleh 50 peserta menawarkan solusi untuk masalah tersebut dengan cara memperkenalkan berbagai bentuk media sosial yang ada agar membuka wawasan mereka, mengajarkan mereka cara menggunakan media sosial untuk meningkatkan kemampuan Bahasa Inggris dan mendorong mereka untuk mengambil rencana aksi untuk menerapkannya. Hasil pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini menunjukkan bahwa 74% (37) peserta baru mengetahui bahwa terdapat berbagai bentuk media sosial, 40 pserta (80%) baru mengetahui cara menggunakan media sosial untuk belajar Bahasa Inggris dan 38 dari mereka (96%) yang yang menuliskan rencana dan target pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris melalui media sosial. Diharapkan mereka dapat memanfaatkan media sosial tersebut untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan mereka di bidang lainnya juga. Semoga kegiatan serupa dapat dilaksanakan kembali dengan menjangkau peserta yang lebih banyak dan dari tingkatan pendidikan yang berbeda.
Direito à tolerância, ao meio ambiente de trabalho adequado e a restrições ao discurso de ódio como difamação de grupo
Authors: Petiz Martin Magnus
Published: December 2023

O discurso de ódio é um problema importante para o debate jurídico brasileiro. A sua reverberação pode ser vista como reflexo do nosso passado, recheado de injustiças contra grupos minoritários. Ocorre que é um argumento famoso na teoria política estadunidense a ideia de que o discurso de ódio estaria abarcado pela liberdade de expressão. Caberia apenas a reparação posterior a eventual dano psíquico, tese que vem sendo recepcionada pela jurisprudência trabalhista no Brasil em casos de discriminação indireta no ambiente de trabalho. Este artigo busca problematizar essa tese a partir dos argumentos de Jeremy Waldron no livro “The harm in the hate speech” (2012), para fins de promover uma crítica fundada em princípios de justiça a essa corrente no Brasil. A hipótese deste artigo é a de que a tolerância é um direito difuso integrante do que se chama na doutrina justrabalhista de “direito a um meio ambiente do trabalho adequado.” Isso porque a tolerância assegura as condições para o exercício da autonomia que acompanha o status moral da dignidade. Diferentemente de casos de ofensas, se defenderá que, para os casos de discurso de ódio, caberá não só o ajuizamento de ação coletiva para a defesa de direito difuso, como também a regulação prévia desse tipo de discurso, que, caso circule livremente, poderá ter o efeito de comprometer as condições de exercício da autonomia inerente à dignidade dos agentes de certo grupo minoritário, afetando, por exemplo, as suas chances de obter promoções e estima social pelo seu trabalho.
Educação, tecnologia e direito humanos
Authors: Salgado Karine , Campos Gabriel Afonso
Published: December 2023

O texto, partindo de uma reflexão sobre a saga histórica dos direitos humanos rumo à sua efetivação, assume dois momentos fundamentais e não sucessivos neste processo: a consciência ou educação em direitos humanos e a atuação dos cidadãos como sujeitos de direitos humanos para efetivação destes direitos. Assim, o artigo tem como objetivo avaliar como a tecnologia, para além dos impactos e transformações operadas na sociedade contemporânea, pode contribuir para um avanço tanto na educação quando na atuação dos indivíduos como promotores de direitos humanos. Para tanto, foram utilizados estudos sobre a sociedade contemporânea e sobre os direitos humanos, articulados à luz das novas tecnologias.
Karakterisasi Serat Pangan, Penghambatan Enzim α-Amilase dan Aktivitas Antioksidan dari Daun Kubis (Brassica Oleracea L.)
Authors: Loway Davidic Origenes Adam , Suryanto Edi , Fatimah Feti
Published: December 2023

Diabetes melitus merupakan penyakit degeneratif yang ditandai meningkatnya kadar gula darah dan gangguan metabolisme lewat mengkonsumsi makanan cepat saji (fast food). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kandungan hemiselulosa, selulosa dan lignin, menentukan kemampuan serat pangan sebagai penghambatan enzim α-amilase, dan menentukan fitokimia antioksidan dari daun kubis. Metodologi penelitian meliputi preparasi sampel, ekstraksi, penentuan kandungan hemiselulosa, selulosa, lignin, penentuan serat pangan, uji penghambatan enzim α-amilase secara in vitro, penentuan fitokimia antioksidan (total fenolik, total flavonoid dan total tanin terkondensasi), aktivitas penangkal radikal bebas DPPH dan radikal kation ABTS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tepung daun kubis yang diekstraksi dengan akuades memiliki kandungan tertinggi yaitu hemiselulosa (25,93%), selulosa (17,68%) dan lignin (15,68%). Tepung daun kubis juga menunjukkan aktivitas penghambatan pada enzim α-amilase dengan persentase tertinggi pada tepung daun kubis tanpa perlakuan (KTP) yaitu sebesar 92,12%. Pada penentuan kandungan fitokimia antioksidan terbukti bahwa ekstrak kubis etanol memiliki kandungan senyawa fenolik, flavonoid dan tanin tertinggi yang sejalan dengan aktivitas penangkal radikal bebas DPPH dan radikal kation ABTS.
Diabetes mellitus is a degenerative disease characterized by increased blood sugar levels and metabolic disorders through consuming fast food (fast food). This study aims to determine the content of hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin, determine the ability of dietary fiber to inhibit α-amylase enzymes, and determine the antioxidant phytochemicals of cabbage leaves. The research methodology included sample preparation, extraction, determination of hemicellulose, cellulose, lignin content, determination of dietary fiber, in vitro α-amylase enzyme inhibition test, determination of antioxidant phytochemicals (total phenolics, total flavonoids and total condensed tannins), free radical scavenging activity of DPPH and ABTS cation radicals. The results showed that cabbage leaf flour extracted with distilled water had the highest content, namely hemicellulose (25.93%), cellulose (17.68%) and lignin (15.68%). Cabbage leaf flour also showed inhibitory activity on the α-amylase enzyme with the highest percentage in untreated cabbage leaf flour (KTP), namely 92.12%. In determining the antioxidant phytochemical content, it was proven that the ethanol extract of cabbage had the highest content of phenolic compounds, flavonoids and tannins which were in line with the free radical scavenging activity of DPPH and ABTS cation radicals.
Sintesis Nanokomposit Kitosan/Ag/Fe3O4 Sebagai Fotokatalis untuk Mendegradasi Zat Warna Methylene Blue
Authors: Senolinggi Geby , Aritonang Henry F. , Katja Dewa G.
Published: December 2023

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang sintesis nanokomposit kitosan/Ag/Fe3O4 dengan variasi volume larutan AgNO3 serta aplikasinya sebagai fotokatalis untuk mendegradasi methylene blue. Nanokomposit yang dihasilkan dikarakterisasi menggunakan X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Hasil karakterisasi tersebut membuktikan terbentuknya nanokomposit kitosan/Ag/Fe3O4. Analisis aktivitas fotodegradasi dilakukan melalui penentuan konsentrasi methylene blue yang tersisa setelah interaksi dengan nanokomposit kitosan/Ag/Fe3O4 yang disinari lampu pijar selama 30, 60, 90, dan 120 menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan fotodegradasi dengan menggunakan nanokomposit lebih baik dibandingkan tanpa penambahan nanokomposit.
 
Research has been carried out on the synthesis of chitosan/Ag/Fe3O4 nanocomposites with varying volumes of AgNO3 solutions and their application as a photocatalyst to degrade methylene blue. The resulting nanocomposites were characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The characterization results proved the presence of chitosan/Ag/Fe3O4 nanocomposites. Analysis of photodegradation activity was carried out by determining the concentration of methylene blue remaining after interaction with the chitosan/Ag/Fe3O4 nanocomposite which was irradiated with an incandescent lamp. The results showed that the ability to photodegrade using nanocomposites was better than without the addition of nanocomposites.
Threshold voltage uniformity improvement by introducing charge injection tuning for low-temperature poly-Si thin film transistors with metal/oxide/nitride/oxide/silicon structure
Authors: Goto Tetsuya , Suwa Tomoyuki , Katayama Keita , Nishida Shu , Ikenoue Hiroshi , Sugawa Shigetoshi
Published: December 2023

Low-temperature poly-Si thin film transistors (TFTs) with a metal/oxide/nitride/oxide/silicon structure were fabricated to investigate the feasibility of suppressing threshold voltage variations between TFTs. By applying relatively high positive and negative gate bias voltages, threshold voltage could be tuned positively and negatively, respectively, by injecting charges into the charge trap layer. Stability of threshold voltage against positive gate bias at a level close to the actual circuit operation was not degraded compared with the case of an as-fabricated TFT. A uniform threshold voltage distribution could be achieved in a preliminary test using 16 TFTs by converging threshold voltages with a target value by tuning the threshold voltage for each TFT.
Performance comparison of planar and cylindrical ferroelectric tunnel junctions
Authors: Guo Yirong , Li Jie , Chang Pengying
Published: December 2023

A comprehensive comparison of the electrical characteristics between the planar (P-FTJ) and cylindrical ferroelectric tunnel junction (C-FTJ) is conducted based on physical modeling and simulation. The FTJ architecture consists of metal-ferroelectric–dielectric-metal stacks. Two configurations of C-FTJ are considered depending on whether the position of the ferroelectric (FE) layer is close or away from the inner electrode. The differences between the P-FTJ and C-FTJs in the distributions of the electric field and FE polarization are analyzed. The resultant tunneling electroresistance (TER) is explored as a function of the inner radius, FE thickness, dielectric thickness, and remnant polarization. These simulation results offer physical insights into achieving highly integrated three-dimensional storage structures by improving the TER ratio.
Artificial Intelligence as a catalyst for the Sustainability of Small and Medium Scale Businesses (SMEs) in Nigeria
Authors: Ebuka Arachie Augustine , Emmanuel Dibua , Idigo Peter
Published: December 2023

Purpose: This study examines the role of AI in small business operations. Specifically, we identified areas where AI could be deployed, barriers to deployment of AI, identified AI tools in business, and ascertained the number of SMEs that consciously use any form of AI in their business operations.
Research Methodology: This study adopted a descriptive design. The population of the study was 27546 small businesses that were registered under the Cooperate Affairs Commission (CAC), and a sample size of 379 was arrived at by adopting Krejcie and Morgan's 1970 sample size determination formula. The source of data was solely primary through interviews, which later formed a stepping stone for the structured questionnaire used for the study. The instrument was validated and tested for reliability. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics consisting of frequencies and percentages.
Results: Most SMEs in Nigeria are still operating manually; hence, they do not enjoy the massive potential of AI deployment and remain perpetually small in size.
Limitations: Descriptive statistics for the analysis were used to reduce the inferrability of the findings.
Contribution: Given the increasing dependence on technology and AI, this study highlights the importance of AI not only for big and multinational corporations, but also for SMEs in Nigeria.
Novelty: A study of this nature has not been undertaken in Nigeria, specifically focusing on southeast Nigeria, which has a large number of small businesses in the region.
Microbiological, Physical, Chemical and Sensory Characteristics of Artisanal Georgian Tenili Cheese
Authors:   Georgian Technical University, Nadirashvili Nino , Amiranashvili Lia ,   Georgian Technical University, Sordia Elene ,   Georgian Technical University, Chollet Sylvie ,   Junia, Vandenberghe Mathilde ,   Junia
Published: December 2023

Georgian artisanal tenili cheese belongs to pasta filatatype cheeses made by hand in the Samtskhe-Javakheti region of Southern Georgia. Microbiological, physicalchemical characteristics and acceptance of tenili cheese by the consumers in Georgia. Tenili cheese samples made with different technologies (traditional, non-traditional), ripened in different utensils (clay pot, glass jar) at different ripening periods (1/2/3/5 month) were analyzed on microbiological, chemical, texture, color and sensory characteristics. According to the results techniques applied during processing and utensils for ripening directly influence its microbiological, chemical, color, texture and sensory characteristics. Higher number of lactic acid- and propionic acid bacteria withal the chemical composition is a precondition for using tenili cheese as a functional food. Non-traditionally made tenili cheese received higher approval of Georgian population due to its characteristics (higher fat content, stronger fibrous structure and intense color) compared to traditionally made cheese.
Theoretical Aspects of Radicalization Under the Light of Religious Extremism – Introduction
Authors:   Georgian Technical University, Gakhokidze Jemal , Kaishauri Giorgi ,   Georgian Technical University
Published: December 2023

Radicalization and its relevance to countering violent extremism (CVE) is examined. The historical origins of radicalization and its contextual nature is explored. The definition of radicalization is discussed, including debates on its connection to violence and its broader adoption in political and academic discourse. The article distinguishes cognitive and behavioral radicalization and examines when radicalization becomes a societal threat. The push, pull, and personal factors framework is introduced as a means of understanding the contributing factors to radicalization. Various models and theories of radicalization are discussed, emphasizing their role in comprehending the complex causes behind violent manifestations of radical ideologies. Overall, the article provides insights into the theory of radicalization and its importance for developing effective CVE strategies.
Technology of the Georgian Artisanal Tenili Cheese – State of the Issue and Prospects of its Production
Authors:   Georgian Technical University, Nadirashvili Nino
Published: December 2023

Different types of cheese have been made in Georgia since ancient times. Unique artisanal tenili cheese is made in Southern Georgia. There is no exact analogue of the tenili cheese in the world. The technology of tenili cheese making based on the study of ethnographic literature and description of local population is presented. Nowadays tenili cheese is made in two different ways. Main differences between them are fat content of used milk, liquid where hand processing of cheese mass is occurring, and utensil for ripening. The research confirmed necessity to study tenili cheese’s microbiological, chemical and sensory characteristics to evaluate significance and impact of each technological step on final product and to access consumer acceptance. Products with Geographical indication are in high demand and play an essential role in the regional development. Obtained results will disseminate awareness about tenili cheese not only in Georgia, but also in the world.
Beyond Human Review: Levereging ChatGPT for Label Noise Detection
Authors: Cichecki Igor , Kocoń Jan , Kazienko Przemysław , Kaszyca Oliwier , Szydło Dominika , Kochanek Mateusz
Published: December 2023

The performance of machine learning models is closely linked to the quality of training data, underpinning the ’garbage in, garbage out’ principle. Label noise in datasets is a key challenge in training and evaluation. This study introduces two innovative ChatGPT-based methods, ChatGPT-Predict and ChatGPT-Detect, for effective noise detection in labeled datasets. We assess the efficacy of these methods against conventional vote-based techniques, focusing on factors like noise characteristics , dataset complexity, and the impact of prompt-engineering. Comprehensive evaluations using both artificial and real-world datasets demonstrate the adaptability of our methods to different noise types and levels. Key findings emphasize the critical role of prompt design in language model performance and the distinct contrasts in handling artificial versus real-world noise. The research acknowledges potential limitations due to prompt design variability and suggests possible enhancements with more advanced models like GPT-4. Future research avenues include applying these methods with GPT-4, exploring diverse prompt templates, and extending the methodology to real-world datasets with high noise levels. This study contributes to the field by refining noise detection methodologies, thereby enhancing the robustness and reliability of machine learning models.
Harmonia: Securing Cross-Chain Applications Using Zero-Knowledge Proofs
Authors: Belchior Rafael , Dimov Dimo , Karadjov Zahary , Pfannschmidt Jonas , Vasconcelos André , Correia Miguel
Published: December 2023

The field of blockchain interoperability plays a pivotal role in
blockchain adoption. Despite these advances, a notorious problem
persists: the high number and success rate of attacks on blockchain
bridges. We propose Harmonia, a framework for building robust, secure,
efficient, and decentralized cross-chain applications. A main component
of Harmonia is DendrETH, a decentralized and efficient zero-knowledge
proof-based light client. DendrETH mitigates security problems by
lowering the attack surface by relying on the properties of
zero-knowledge proofs. The DendrETH instance of this paper is an
improvement of Ethereum’s light client sync protocol that fixes critical
security flaws. This light client protocol is implemented as a smart
contract, allowing blockchains to read the state of the source
blockchain in a trust-minimized way. Harmonia and DendrETH support
several cross-chain use cases, such as secure cross-blockchain bridges
(asset transfers) and smart contract migrations (data transfers),
without a trusted operator. We implemented Harmonia in 9K lines of code.
Our implementation is compatible with the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM)
based chains and some non-EVM chains. Our experimental evaluation shows
that Harmonia can generate light client updates with reasonable latency,
costs (a dozen to a few thousand US dollars per year), and minimal
storage requirements (around 4.5 MB per year). We also carried out
experiments to evaluate the security of DendrETH. We provide an
open-source implementation and reproducible environment for researchers
and practitioners to replicate our results.
Record Capacity-Reach of C band IM/DD Optical Systems over Dispersion-Uncompensated Links
Authors: Wang Haide , Zhou Ji , Wei Jinlong , Mo Wenxuan , Feng Yuanhua , Liu Weiping , Yu Changyuan , Li Zhaohui
Published: December 2023

We experimentally demonstrate a C band 100Gbit/s intensity modulation
and direct detection entropy-loaded multi-rate Nyquist-subcarrier
modulation signal over 100km dispersion-uncompensated link. A record
capacity-reach of 10Tbit/s×km is achieved.
Liberation, Empowerment and Decolonisation through Adult Education in Africa
Authors: Omolewa Michael , Nwachukwu Ruphina U. , Katahoire Anne Ruhweza
Published: December 2023

Adult Education is an interdisciplinary field that often includes a focus on social justice issues and thus prompts a liberation, empowerment, and decolonisation approach to adult education. The purpose of this chapter is to report findings from informed by the papers of Lalage Bown held by the Bodleian Library at the University of Oxford, and the British Library. The chapter explores the concepts and nexuses of liberation empowerment and decolonisation through Adult Education in Africa. It addresses liberation and empowerment in the life of Lalage Bown in Africa, and her life and family background. It also explores her perceptions on decolonisation and the key reasons why she fought for the oppressed through Adult Education during her stay in Africa. The paper examines Lalage Bown’s work experiences in different universities in Africa – including Nigeria – Britain, and her new ideas, including her approach to colonisation, Colonial Development and Welfare Fund. Finally, it discusses Lalage Bown’s Legacy.
A Decolonial Perspective on Adult Immigrant English Language Training in the Global North
Authors: Abodunrin Abimbola , Chan Jason , Maitra Srabani
Published: December 2023

Transnational migration across different borders often necessitate immigrants learning different languages, values and customs of the receiving country for a ‘successful’ social and economic integration. Available evidence suggests that adult immigrants studying non-academic English as a second or other language (ESOL) worldwide is large and fast-growing. In this chapter, drawing on decolonial perspective, we explore the nuanced racio-linguistic ideologies and Eurocentric linguistic visions underpinning language of teaching adults. In line with Lalage Bown’s pioneering work in Adult Education broadly challenging educational institutions to rethink their curricular and pedagogical practices in such ways to include ‘other’ voices and ways of learning, we argue, for a teaching/learning approach that is culturally responsive to the diverse needs of adult English learners.
Changing Conceptions of Literacy: Pluriversal Literacies
Authors: Perry Mia , Ramos Marcela , Palacios Nancy
Published: December 2023

«We are being stunted by a form of critical illiteracy», state Tierney, Smith and Kan, and «our global scholarship is facing a crisis of similar proportion to that of climate change […] because we are insufficiently ‘reading the world’, in the Freirean sense — acting as if we can and should be monolingual in a world that is multilingual» (Tierney et al. 2021, 305). This chapter will briefly chart the history of formal literacy education and describe the scope of the field of research and practice today that encompasses both standardised models of reading and writing text as well as more expansive models of meaning making across many sign systems. We relate the current standardised and universal model of functional literacy to a colonial past whereby systems designed for the benefit of the urban global north were imposed upon other contexts to ensure their expansion of power and economic advantage.
Pluriversality is a concept that emerges from a decolonial movement of thought that provides a counternarrative to contemporary Northern assumptions of the universal and, in Escobar’s words, to «the hegemony of modernity’s one-world ontology» (2018, 4). This chapter provides a conceptual framework of pluriversal literacies in education inclusive of, but exceeding, the literacy of print. To illustrate the opportunities of a pluriversal literacies model in education, we provide a case study of land literacy practices in agricultural education in Patía, Colombia.
Strengthening Capacity to Address Urban, Health and Education Challenges in Fast-Growing Cities and Neighbourhoods
Authors: Osborne Michael
Published: December 2023

This chapter considers the work of a large-scale project, the Centre for Sustainable Healthy Learning Cities and Neighbourhoods (SHLC), funded within the UK’s government’s Global Challenges Research Fund, part of its Official Development Assistance Programme. In particular, the focus of the chapter is the ways in which the capacities of researchers in the global south can be strengthened through collaboration with  universities in the global north. There is an emphasis in this work on the juxtaposition of capacity development and capacity strengthening, the latter invoking the  notion that there are foundations to build upon. All of the work of SHLC focused on the links between SDG 3 (Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages), SDG 4 (Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all) and SDG 11 (Make cities inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable). The chapter reports on a range of activities with a focus on a number of projects that it funded in the global south.
Challenges and Opportunities for Lifelong Learning in Universities Resulting from Ukrainian Migration
Authors: Dragomirova Ievgeniia , Mark Rob
Published: December 2023

The current political conflict in Ukraine has led to a surge in forcibly displaced migrants across Europe. This chapter sets out to look at the meaning of the term ‘forced migrant’ and the challenges faced in integrating migrants into the labour market. The movement of people has included many skilled professionals, including staff and students from Ukrainian universities. This chapter examines some issues in integrating such groups into the workforce. It also looks at some of the schemes set up to enable displaced researchers to continue with their research and the potential benefits which this offers for participants.
Estimación de valores de normalidad del diámetro de la vaina del nervio óptico en mediciones realizadas con tomografía de cráneo y resonancia magnética cerebral
Authors: Cabrera Maneiro Jesús , Tovar Castillo Rafael
Published: December 2023

Introducción: La medición del diámetro de la vaina del nervio óptico (DVNO) la podemos realizar mediante ecografía transocular con un transductor lineal, resonancia magnética cerebral y tomografía de cráneo. El objetivo principal es describir los valores estimados de normalidad de la medición de la vaina del nervio óptico en mediciones realizadas por tomografía de cráneo y resonancia magnética cerebral. Materiales y Métodos: La investigación fue de tipo descriptiva, transversal, retrospectiva, Se realizó la medición del DVNO a pacientes por tomografía de cráneo y mediante resonancia magnética, estudios que fueron realizados de pacientes distintos, desde el año 2019 hasta el año 2021. Resultados: Se constató que, en los pacientes adultos el IC 95% fue entre 0,44 y 0,45 cm en el grupo de TC, y entre 0,42 y 0,44 cm en el grupo de RM, encontrando diferencias significativas entre los dos grupos. En los pacientes pediátricos el IC 95% del grupo de TC fue de 0,41 a 0,46, en el grupo de RM fue de 0,40 a 0,44. Conclusión: Mediante el presente trabajo se lograron describir los valores estimados de normalidad del DVNO, medido a través de TC y RM en pacientes distintos, podemos concluir que pueden existir diferencias mínimas entre estos dos métodos de medición que nos pueden dar diferentes valores del DVNO.
Fijaciones transpediculares toracolumbares percutáneas post-traumáticas: Experiencia de 68 casos Pre-pandemia en Hospital de Puerto Montt
Authors: Tabilo Jorge , Norambuena Filadelfo , García Julio
Published: December 2023

Introducción: Las fracturas toracolumbares suelen ser lesiones traumáticas habitualmente en contexto de accidentes automovilísticos o de alta energía. Objetivo: Determinar las características de la estabilización percutánea mínimamente invasiva de las fracturas dorsolumbares traumáticas que fueron realizadas en el hospital de Puerto Montt desde el 2016 hasta pre-pandemia. Métodos: Se realizó la revisión retrospectiva de 68 pacientes ingresados con fracturas toracolumbares traumáticas a los cuales se les realizo instrumentación percutánea durante un período de 5 años, desde mayo de 2016 hasta julio de 2020. Los registros médicos se analizaron por edad; Género; Mecanismo de lesión; Nivel vertebral lesionado; Escala de la Tiempo desde la lesión hasta la intervención quirúrgica; Duración del procedimiento operatorio; Niveles instrumentados; Tipo de fractura y se esta se realizó con o sin laminectomía descompresiva y sus complicaciones. Resultados: La edad promedio fue de 51,57 años. Con respecto a genero 43 (63%) de los pacientes correspondían al sexo masculino. Mecanismo de lesión: Caída de altura 37 (54%), Caídas a nivel 16 (24%), accidente de tránsito 14 (20,5%), golpe directo 1 (1,5%). Nivel de la fractura 38 (56%) fracturas lumbares puras 2 (3%) fracturas dorsales y lumbares 28 (41%) fracturas dorsales, tiempo promedio de intervención de 3,55 días. Con 10% de complicaciones a corto y mediano plazo. Conclusión: La fijación percutánea en el tratamiento de las fracturas de columna torácicas y lumbares representa una buena opción en el manejo quirúrgico de las fracturas con resultados clínicos y funcionales son comparables o mejores con un tiempo de recuperación que es mucho más rápido, dolor posoperatorio menor y la tasa de complicaciones más bajas. La indicación quirúrgica correcta sigue siendo fundamental en el seguimiento y complicaciones a largo plazo.
Craneostenosis tratada con asistencia endoscopica
Authors: Henriques Brandäo Matheus Felipe , Henriques Brandäo Lucas Gabriel , Lopes de Medeiros Gonçalves Joäo Vitor , Martins Veras José Vitor , Diniz Ferreira Christian , Marques de Almeida Holanda Maurus , Lopes Sousa Filho José
Published: December 2023

Recién nacido a término, de sexo femenino, con displasia tanatofírica tipo II, acondroplasia, hipertelorismo, implantación baja de la oreja, múltiples malformaciones osteoarticulares, macrocefalia, craneoestenosis y otras anomalías. Tras la evaluación por el equipo de neurocirugía, se constató el rostro sindrómico y signos de hipertensión intracraneal, debida a hidrocefalia, asociada a disyunción bilateral de la sutura temporal y craneoestenosis de la sutura sagital. Se realizó cirugía de compensación de la HIC a los 10 días del nacimiento. La paciente evolucionó con fontanela anterior normotensa y mejoría de la disyunción de la sutura. A los 45 días de la primera cirugía, la paciente volvió a presentar signos progresivos de HIC. Anticipando cirugía para corrección de la craneoestenosis sagital. Realizada con ayuda de neuroendoscopia para resección ósea de la sutura fusionada. La craniostenosis es una enfermedad rara caracterizada por la fusión prematura de las suturas craneales. Su resultado son anomalías del desarrollo cerebral, HIC y disminución de la función cognitiva. Se han identificado patrones de herencia genética y mutaciones como causantes de esta patología. El primer y más común signo de craneoestenosis es la forma anormal del cráneo. La tomografía computarizada 3D del cráneo es el método estándar para el diagnóstico. La cirugía abierta es la más común en la craneoestenosis sindrómica. Sin embargo, deben considerarse enfoques más conservadores en espera de la cirugía. La intervención quirúrgica endoscópica es la más adecuada hasta los 6 meses de edad. El paciente del caso descrito tiene una craneostenosis sindrómica, y el tratamiento endoscópico no es frecuente. En los casos quirúrgicos en los que la enfermedad se identificó precozmente, el pronóstico tiende a ser positivo.
ЭМОЦИОНАЛЬНОЕ ВЫГОРАНИЕ ПЕДАГОГОВ, РАБОТАЮЩИХ С ДЕТЬМИ С ОГРАНИЧЕННЫМИ ВОЗМОЖНОСТЯМИ ЗДОРОВЬЯ
Authors: Газиева Х.Ш. , Насурова З.А.
Published: December 2023

В данной статье рассмотрена тема эмоционального выгорания, являющаяся на сегодняшний день одной из самых актуальных тем педагогики, психологии. В работе раскрывается смысловое значение термина «эмоциональное выгорание», различные определения понятия «эмоциональное выгорание», сформулированные разными отечественными и зарубежными авторами и отражающие сущность данного явления. Также приведены фамилии отечественных психологов, которые в своих исследованиях подразделяли симптомы профессионального выгорания на три группы: поведенческие, психофизические и социально-психологические. Описана специфика работы педагога с детьми с ОВЗ, их типичные проблемы, с которыми сталкиваются педагоги. Рассмотрены факторы (внешние и внутренние), сопутствующие возникновению эмоционального выгорания у педагогов, определены отрицательные последствия данного феномена, выявлены сферы несоответствия, провоцирующие появление эмоционального выгорания. Приведены три стадии развития синдрома эмоционального выгорания у педагогов по К. Маслач: стеническая, астеническая, эмоциональное выгорание.
Авторами статьи делается вывод о том, что при отсутствии у педагога возможности разгрузки эмоционального напряжения, расслабления, отдыха, восстановления не восполняются утраченные ресурсы, в результате чего могут возникнуть психосоматические заболевания, перетекающие в депрессию, провоцированную перенапряжением.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ КЛИНИЧЕСКОЙ РОЛИ ЛАКТАТДЕГИДРОГЕНАЗЫ
Authors: Музакаева Х.С. , Дускаев М.З.
Published: December 2023

В статье дается описание структурной организации лактатдегидрогеназы, которая выступает в роли главного органоспецифического фермента анаэробного обмена веществ. Рассматриваются механизмы клеточной, молекулярной роли, регуляции и патогенез данного фермента в человеческом организме. Дается участие ЛДГ в биохимических процессах, в поддержании гомеостаза при анаэробном окислении, а также во всех тканях и клетках. В описанной работе главное внимание будет уделено физиолого-биохимической роли, методике тестирования, энзимодиагностике и клинической значимости фермента лактатдегидрогеназы.
FORGIVENESS AND RESILIENCE: A CASE OF ADOLESCENTS WITH BROKEN HOME DIVORCE
Authors: Lestari Tut Wuri Tri , Huwae Arthur
Published: December 2023

Discordant or unstable family conditions, such as difficult adjustment methods, aggressive behavior, and juvenile delinquency, are determining factors in the development of an unhealthy child's (adolescent) personality. Adolescents whose parents have both divorced (broken home) find it difficult to forgive the circumstances they are in; they are also sometimes unable to adapt after experiencing these painful conditions. The aim of this research was to see if there was a correlation between adolescents’ forgiveness and resilience in broken home divorce. This study employed a quantitative method with a correlational design. A total of 216 broken home adolescents aged 15 to 19 years old participated in this study, recruited by using a purposive sampling technique. The psychological scales Transregression Related Interpersonal Motivation 18 Version Loading Factors (a = 0.872) and The Resiliency Attitudes and Skills Profile (a = 0.937) were used in this study. The study's findings reveal a significant positive correlation between forgiveness and resilience in divorced adolescents from broken homes (r = 0.200 with sig = 0.002 (p<0.01)). Furthermore, forgiveness has an effective contribution of 4% (r2), and it is one of the factors associated with increased resilience, particularly for broken home divorce adolescents. In this case, the researchers see that broken home divorce adolescents have a moderate category of forgiveness and resilience. This study can serve as a basis for broken home persons, particularly adolescents, to forgive and recover from traumatic experiences such as broken homes.