bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KESIAPAN SMK DALAM MENGIMPLEMENTASIKAN PROGRAM PENDIDIKAN KEPENDUDUKAN DAL LINGKUNGAN HIDUP
Authors: Jaedun Amat
Published: March 2024

Abstrak Implementasi muatan PKLH ke dalam kurikulum SMK(STM dan SMT Pertanian) merupakan program yang tengah digalakkan oleh Direktorat Pendidikan Menengah Kejuruan Depdikbud. Dalam rangka pelaksanaan implementasi program tersebut telah dilakukan pelatihan bagi para widyaiswara dari VEDC Malang, TEDC Bandung, P3G Medan, P3G Pertanian Cianjur dan sejumlah guru SMK yang telah menghabiskan dana cukup besar. Namun demikian, karena merupakan program baru maka pelaksanaan implementasi program di lapangan di duga akan menghadapi berbagai kendala. Tulisan ini menyajikan hasil penelitian mengenai berbagai kendala yang dialami STM Negeri dan SMT Pertanian di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta dalam mengimplementasikan muatan PKLH ke dalam kurikulum sekolah. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kendala dalam pelaksanaan implementasi muatan PKLH ke dalam kurikulum SMK yang berkaitan dengan kondisi sumber daya manusia terutama disebabkan : (1) sebagian besar personil belum pernah mengikuti penataran; dan (2) sebagian personil yang telah mengikuti penataran dalam program umum memperoleh materi yang kurang relevan untuk mendukung implementasi program tersebut.Adapun kendala yang berkaitan dengan perangkat lunak terutama menyangkut: (1) materi PKLH yang dimiliki personil sangat terbatas; dan (2) belum adanya keterlibatan narasumber yang berasal dari  luar sekolah(akademi maupun praktisi).
PENGEMBANGAN MODEL PENGAJARAN FISIKA BERBANTUAN KOMPUTER
Authors: Suharyanto Suharyanto
Published: March 2024

Abstrak Keberadaan computer di sekolah-sekolah maupun di perguruan tinggi belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal untuk keperluan proses belajar mengajar Fisika. Hal tersebut antara lain disebabkan oleh belum tersedianya perangkat lunak dan belum adanya kemampuan dan atu kemauan para pengajar untuk mengembangkan sendiri perangkat lunak pengajaran Fisika berbantuan computer. Tulisan ini menyajikan suatu model pengajaran Fisika berbantuan computer yang dibuat dengan bahasa pemprogramaman Turbo Pascal. Model pembelajaran Fisika yang dikembangkan merupakan pengajaran remidi, karena pengajaran atau program remidi berbantuan computer dapat digunakan untuk menangani masalah yang bersifat individual sesuai dengan kebutuhan remidi masing masing peserta didik.
MENUMBUHKAN KESENANGAN BELAJAR MATEMATIKA MELALUI PERMAINAN
Authors: WAKIMAN T
Published: March 2024

MENUMBUHKAN KESENANGAN BELAJAR MATEMATIKA MELALUI PERMAINAN
PENALARAN MORAL HUBUNGANNYA DENGAN FAKTOR-FAKTOR BUDAYA SISWA
Authors: Budiningsih C Asri
Published: March 2024

Abstract This study aims to describe the students’ characteristics including the stages and/or degrees of their moral reasoning, existential belief, empathy, and social role taking. This study was categorized as descriptive-correlational research. SLTP and SMU students in Yogyakarta constitute the subject population. Samples were drawn using a stratified random sampling technique. Data gathered using the test technique: (1) Moral Reasoning Test; (2) Existential Belief Test: (3) Empathy Test (4) Social Role Test. The data were collected from 480 students. Data were analyzed using averages and percentages to uncover the students’ characteristics, pearson-correlation technique to examine the relationship among variables, and anova technique to examine differences of variables. Results of the study leads to the following conclusion: (1) moral reasoning tends to operate on stage III, namely harmony oriented or good boy-nice gorl oriented; (2) existential belief tends to operate on stage III, namely synthetic-conventional faith; (3) empathy tends to operate on degree III which means that in responding others they tend only to reflect the others’ surface feelings;(4) social role taking tends to operate on degree III, which is moderate; (5) the relationship between existential belief and moral reasoning is negative (6) the relationship between empathy is negative and insignificant (7) the relationship between social role taking and moral reasoning is negative and insignificant (8) there was no difference tends of moral reasoning between SLTP and SMU students (9) there was no difference tends of moral reasoning between the students whose parents have same religion and some students whose parents of different religion (10) there was no different tends of moral reasoning between the students whose parents have same races and the students whose parents are of different races. Keywords: students’ characteristics, culture, moral reasoning, extential belief, empathy, social role taking
Hubungan Antara Kemampuan Verbal, Kemampuan Interpersonal, dan Minat Belajar dengan Prestasi Belajar Matematika
Authors: Daniyati Nadzifah Ajeng , Sugiman Sugiman
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan hubungan kemampuan verbal, kemampuan interpersonal, dan minat belajar dengan prestasi belajar matematika siswa SMP. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian expost facto. Populasi penelitian mencakup seluruh siswa kelas VIII SMP di Kabupaten Purworejo. Sampel yang berasal dari sembilan sekolah di tiga daerah ditentukan dengan cluster random sampling technique. Pengumpulan data menggunakan tes dan angket. Hasil analisis menunjukkan kemampuan verbal, kemampuan interpersonal, dan minat belajar matematika secara bersama-sama berhubungan dengan prestasi belajar matematika siswa SMP, di mana kontribusi yang diberikan sebesar 38,60% serta persamaan regresi yang diperoleh ialah . Hubungan antara kemampuan verbal dan prestasi belajar matematika dengan kontribusi sebesar 23,62%; hubungan antara kemampuan interpersonal dan prestasi belajar matematika dengan kontribusi sebesar 1,64% dan hubungan antara minat belajar matematika dan prestasi belajar matematika dengan kontribusi sebesar 6,15%.Kata Kunci: kemampuan verbal, kemampuan interpersonal, minat belajar matematika, dan prestasi belajar matematika siswa. The Relationship Among Verbal Ability, Interpersonal Ability, Interest in Learning, and the Mathematics Learning Achievement AbstractThis study aims to describe correlation among verbal ability, interpersonal ability, interest in learning, and the mathematics learning achievement of junior high school (JHS) students. This study was a quantitative expost facto study. The population comprised all Year VIII students of JHS in Purworejo District. A sample consisting of nine schools from three areas was established using the cluster random sampling technique. The data were collected through a test and Likert-scale questionnaires. The results showed that verbal ability, interpersonal ability, and interest as an aggregate correlate with the learning mathematics achievement of JHS students, with a contribution of 38.6% obtained by the regression model Y = -1.385 + 0.635X1 + 0.039X2 + 0.085X3, the verbal ability and mathematics learning achievement with the contribution of 23.62%; the interpersonal ability and mathematics learning achievement with the contribution of 1.64%; and interest and mathematics learning achievement with the contribution of 6.15%.Keywords: verbal ability, interpersonal ability, interest in learning, and mathematics learning achievement.
Perbandingan keefektifan metode problem-based learning dan project-based learning pada pembelajaran statistika SMA
Authors: Prasekti Erlina Dwi , Marsigit Marsigit
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan keefektifan metode pembelajaran Problem-based learning (PBL) dan metode pembelajaran Project-based learning (PjBL) serta perbandingan keefektifan metode PBL dan metode PjBL pada pembelajaran statistika SMA kelas XI ditinjau dari prestasi belajar, kemampuan pemecahan masalah, dan sikap matematika siswa. Jenis penelitian ini adalah quasi experiment dengan pretest-posttest nonequivalent group design. Adapun populasi adalah siswa kelas XI IIS SMA Negeri 1 Pringsewu, Lampung. Sampel dipilih secara acak dari populasi yaitu kelas XI IIS1 dan XI IIS2. Untuk menguji keefektifan metode pembelajaran, data dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji one sample t-test. Untuk menguji perbandingan keefektifan metode pembelajaran, data dianalisis dengan menggunakan MANOVA yang dilanjutkan dengan uji t-Bonferroni. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode PBL dan PjBL efektif serta metode PBL lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan metode PjBL pada pembelajaran statistika SMA kelas XI ditinjau dari prestasi belajar, kemampuan pemecahan masalah, dan sikap matematika siswa. Comparison of the Effectiveness of Problem-Based Learning and Project-Based Learning Method in the Teaching of Statistics of Senior High School AbstractThis study aims to describe the effectiveness of Problem-based learning (PBL) and Project-based learning (PjBL) method and the compare effectiveness of PBL and PjBL methods viewed from students’ learning achievement, problem solving skill, and mathematical attitude. This study was quasi-experimental research using the pretest-posttest nonequivalent group design. The population was all grade XI students of IIS SMA Negeri 1 Pingsewu, Lampung. Two classes of the population, namely classes XI IIS1 and Class XI IIS2, were randomly established as the study sample. To test the effectiveness of the PBL and PjBL methods was tested using one sample t-test. To compare effectiveness of PBL and PjBL methods, the MANOVA was used, followed by t-Bonferroni test. The results show that the PBL and PjBL methods are effective and the PBL is more effective than PjBL in in teaching statistics to grade XI students of senior high school viewed from students’ learning achievement, problem solving skill, and mathematical attitudes.
UPAYA PENINGKATAN KUALITAS PEMBELAJARAN KALKULUS DIFERENSIAL DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN PROGRAM MAPLE PADA MAHASISWA PRODI MATEMATIKA FMIPA UNY
Authors: Dhoruri Atmini , Listyani Endang , Rosnawati Raden , Andayani Sri
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan prestasi belajar dan minat mahasiswa dalam matakuliah Kalkulus Diferensial dengan menggunakan program Maple .Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian tindakan kelas, dengan mengambil langkah-langkah : observasi awal, perencanaan, implementasi tindakan, observasi dan refleksi. Kegiatan ini berulang dalam 3 siklus, dengan tindakan perkuliahan yang disertai dengan praktikum komputer dengan program Maple. Instrumen penelitian terdiri dari tes prestasi belajar, lembar observasi dan angket minat.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Pada siklus I dosen telah mengupayakan terlaksananya pembelajaran yang baik, namun keberanian mahasiswa untuk mengemukakan pendapat dan pertanyaan, diskusi untuk menyelesaikan masalah masih dalam taraf cukup. Dalam pelaksanaan praktikum keterampilan mahasiswa mengoperasikan komputer dengan Maple, menggambar grafik, keberanian bereksplorasi masih dalam taraf cukup, karena mengoperasikan komputer dengan program Maple masih relatif baru bagi mahasiswa.(2) Pada siklus II dan III dosen telah mengupayakan terlaksananya pembelajaran yang baik, keberanian mahasiswa untuk mengemukakan pendapat, pertanyaan, dan diskusi untuk menyelesaikan masalah sudah mencapai taraf baik. Dalam pelaksanaan praktikum keterampilan mahasiswa mengoperasikan komputer dengan Maple, keberanian bereksplorasi juga pada taraf yang baik. (3) Pembelajaran Kalkulus Diferensial dengan program Maple dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar mahasiswa, dengan tercapainya pembelajaran tuntas pada kelas Kalkulus Diferensial dan hasil akhir yang memuaskan, yakni 89,28% mahasiswa yang mencapai nilai minimal B+. (4) Mahasiswa berminat terhadap pembelajaran Kalkulus Diferensial dengan menggunakan program Maple.Kata kunci: Peningkatan Prestasi, Kalkulus Diferensial, Program Maple
HAMBATAN-HAMBATAN DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN KECERDASAN LOGICAL/MATHEMATICAL PADA PEMBELAJARAN TERPADU MODEL WEBBED BERBASIS KECERDASAN JAMAK DI TKIT SALMAN AL FARISI II YOGYAKARTA(Studi Eksplorasi)
Authors: Caturiyati Caturiyati , Hidayati Kana , Lestari Himmawati Puji
Published: March 2024

One of the important intelligent component for childrens future and need to be developing early is logical/mathematical intelligent. Integrated learning is carried out in learning process that integrates sistematically and holistically the effort of developing child. One of the integrated learning model is webbed model, a learning model that integrates learning and developing for children in a topic that covers some subjects. TKIT Salman Al Farisi II applies learning with themes where those themes become a learning guide in class. It needs to investigate the constraints in optimizing of developing childs logical/mathematical intelligent by integrated learning in TKIT Salman Al Farisi II. The results of this exploration research indicates that there are some constraints in developing childs logical/mathematical intelligent. They are limited class room, limited facility, i.e. computer, childrens mood varying according to healthy and environment condition and different childrens ability.Key words : constraint, logical/mathematical intelligent, webbed model.
KEMAMPUAN METAKOGNITIF SISWA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA
Authors: Risnanosanti Risnanosanti
Published: March 2024

Istilah prilaku metakognitif digunakan untuk menguraikan pernyataan-pernyataan yang dibuat siswa tentang permasalahan atau proses pemecahan suatu masalah. Pengetahuan tentang kognisi mengacu pada tingkat pemahaman siswa terhadap memori, sistim kognitif, dan cara belajar yang dimilikinya. Sedangkan pengaturan dari kognisi mengacu pada seberapa baik siswa dalam mengatur sistim belajarnya. Kesulitan utama dari studi dalam bidang metakognisi adalah bagaimana mengembangkan dan mengujicobakan teknik yang valid untuk mengukur kemampuan metakognitif siswa terutama yang masih anak-anak. Tulisan ini mencoba untuk menguraikan tentang pengertian metakognitif, bagaimana hal tersebut digunakan dalam pembelajaran dan metode apa yang dapat digunakan serta bagaimana mengukur kemampuan metakognitif yang dimiliki siswa. Kata kunci : metakognitif, pembelajaran matematika.
Mengembangkan Strategi dan Kemampuan Siswa Memecahkan Masalah Matematik
Authors: Napitupulu E Elvis
Published: March 2024

Pemecahan masalah menempati posisi sentral dan merupakan satu bentuk belajar terpenting dalam matematika. Untuk memecahkan masalah, dituntut kemampuan anak memilih dan menerapkan strategi yang sesuai, menggunakan pengetahuan siapnya, di samping memanfaatkan pengalaman memecahkan masalah sebelumnya. Namun fakta di lapangan menunjukkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah di seluruh jenjang sekolah di Indonesia masih rendah. Guru sebagai pengajar dan instruktur di kelas punya kesempatan untuk dapat meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah anak. Kemampuan itu dapat berkembang bila anak melihat bagaimana berbagai masalah dipecahkan dengan beragam strategi dan dan diberi pula kesempatan memecahkan bermacam masalah sambil membangun pengetahuan baru baginya.
PEMODELAN INVENTORY DENGAN DUA GUDANG PENYIMPANAN UNTUK BARANG YANG MENGALAMI PENYUSUTAN DENGAN BACKLOG SHORTAGE SEBAGIAN DAN LEAD TIME FUZZY
Authors: Ertiningsih Dwi , Widodo Widodo
Published: March 2024

Adanya kebijakan optimalisasi inventory yang diambil sebuah perusahaan atau retailer untuk barang yang mengalami penyusutan dengan ketidakpastian waktu tunggu (lead time) sampai barang selesai diproduksi atau pesanan datang, adanya Backlog Shortage sebagian atau penuh, dan tingkat permintaan bergantung harga dikembangkan dalam sistem dua gudang yang masing-masing sebagai gudang penjualan (display) atau tempat transaksi barang dan gudang tempat penyimpanan jika barang yang diproduksi atau dibeli tidak cukup ditempatkan di gudang penjualan. Tujuan perusahaan atau retailer mempunyai dua gudang penyimpanan adalah untuk mengoptimalkan keuntungan rata-rata jika memproduksi atau membeli barang dalam jumlah besar. Perusahaan atau retailer mempunyai satu gudang dengan kapasitas terbatas yang letaknya di lokasi strategis sebagai tempat penjualan, yang disebut sebagai gudang milik (own warehouse, OW) dan gudang yang lain dengan kapasitas cukup luas disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan yang lokasinya berbeda dengan tempat penjualan atau transaksi, yang disebut sebagai gudang sewa (rented warehouse, RW). Biaya penyimpanan barang di RW menurun dengan bertambahnya jarak dari RW ke OW. Hal ini disebabkan oleh biaya sewa gudang dan upah tenaga kerja yang lebih murah dibandingkan di lokasi OW. Barang dikirim dari RW ke OW dalam jumlah yang telah ditentukan (fixed) berdasarkan pola tertentu.Dalam penelitian ini dikembangkan model inventory dengan Backlog Shortage sebagian. Untuk memperoleh penyelesaian digunakan metode pendekatan interval terdekat untuk fungsi single objektif yang memaksimalkan keuntungan rata-rata dalam fuzzy (defuzzified) dan ditransformasikan dalam fungsi multi objektif crisp yang selanjutnya diselesaikan dengan metode kriteria global (global criterion method) untuk memperoleh solusi optimal Pareto.Kata kunci : Dua Gudang Penyimpanan, Backlog Shortage, Waktu Tunggu Fuzzy.
PERBANDINGAN MODEL ARIMA DAN MODEL REGRESI DENGAN RESIDUAL ARIMA DALAM MENERANGKAN PERILAKU PELANGGAN LISTRIK DI KOTA PALOPO
Authors: Lestari Alia
Published: March 2024

Persediaan sumber daya energi di bumi ini semakin hari semakin menipis. Upaya penghematan energi merupakan salah satu usaha yang perlu dilakukan, termasuk melakukan penghematan penggunaan listrik. Oleh karena itu diperlukan suatu metode yang tepat untuk mengkaji perilaku pelanggan listrik. Dalam makalah ini akan dibandingkan model Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) dan model Regresi dengan residual ARIMA dalam menerangkan perilaku pelanggan listrik di Kota Palopo. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa model ARIMA lebih baik dari model Regresi dengan residual ARIMA.Kata kunci : ARIMA, Regresi, Pelanggan Listrik
PARTIAL LEAST SQUARES (PLS) GENERALIZED LINEAR DALAM REGRESI LOGISTIK
Authors: Subekti Retno
Published: March 2024

Kasus multikolinieritas seringkali dijumpai dalam regresi yang mengakibatkan salah interpretasi model regresi yang terbentuk. Seperti halnya dalam regresi linear, dalam regresi logistik kasus multikolinearitas juga dapat menjadi masalah, karena adanya korelasi yang cukup tinggi antara variabel prediktornya. Sehingga untuk mengatasi masalah seperti ini, akan digambarkan aplikasi prosedur partial least squares terhadap suatu kasus regresi logistik khususnya dalam contoh kasus makalah ini adalah regresi logistik ordinal. Kata kunci : Partial Least Square generalized linier , multikolinieritas, regresi logistik
IDENTIFIKASI KEBUTUHAN SOFT SKILL MAHASISWAPROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN MATEMATIKA FMIPA UNYDALAM RANGKA MEMBENTUK INSAN CENDEKIA, MANDIRI,DAN BERNURANI
Authors: Arliani Elly , Hidayati Kana
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) Mendeskripsikan kondisi soft skill mahasiswa Program StudiPendidikan Matematika saat ini, (2) Mengidentifikasi soft skill apa saja yang dibutuhkan oleh mahasiswadalam rangka membentuk insan cendekia, mandiri, dan bernurani. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitiandeskriptif. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika FMIPAUNY yang tercatat masih aktif yakni 680 mahasiswa. Sampel penelitian diambil dengan mengacu pada tabelKrecjie. Data dikumpulkan melalui instrumen penelitian berupa angket dan pedoman wawancara untukmahasiswa. Untuk memperkuat temuan yang diperoleh dari mahasiswa, wawancara juga dilakukan kepadabeberapa dosen Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika FMIPA UNY. Data dianalisis dengan teknik AnalisisData Deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini adalah: (1) Kondisi soft skill mahasiswa Program Studi PendidikanMatematika FMIPA UNY saat ini adalah sebagai berikut: (a) Aspek kepribadian termasuk kategori sedang,(b) Aspek keterampilan berinteraksi sosial termasuk baik, (c) Aspek keterampilan berkomunikasi termasukkategori baik, (d) Aspek keterampilan presentasi dalam kategori baik, (e) Aspek keterampilan bekerjasamadalam tim termasuk sudah baik, (f) Aspek keterampilan berinisiatif termasuk kategori sedang, dan (g) Aspekketerampilan beradaptasi termasuk kategori sudah baik. (2) Soft skill yang paling dibutuhkan, sebagian besarmahasiswa menganggap bahwa secara berturut-turut aspek kepribadian, kemampuan berkomunikasi, dankemampuan berinisiatif merupakan aspek prioritas utama yang harus diperhatikan untuk menuju terwujudnyainsan cendekia, mandiri, bernurani sedangkan aspek keempat yaitu keterampilan presentasi merupakan aspekprioritas terakhir.
Pengembangan Model Pembelajaran Kontekstual Matematika di SMP Kelas IX yang Menekankan Religiusitas Peserta Didik
Authors: Yanuarto Wanda Nugroho
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan produk pembelajaran kontekstual matematika yang menekankan religiusitas peserta didik dan menghasilkan produk pengembangan pembelajaran kontekstual matematika yang menekankan religiusitas peserta didik yang valid, praktis, dan efektif. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan. Pengembangan pembelajaran difokuskan pada Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP) dan juga pengembangan perangkat pembelajaran yang membantu keterlaksanaan model pembelajaran, yaitu buku panduan guru (BPG), lembar kerja siswa (LKS), dan lembar projek. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan produk pengembangan memenuhi kriteria valid yang dinyatakan oleh para dosen ahli, kepraktisan yang dilihat dari  kepraktisan guru terhadap perangkat pembelajaran dan kepraktisan peserta didik terhadap pemanfaatan LKS, projek, dan penilaian diri, kriteria keefektifan yang dihasilkan oleh penilaian masing-masing LKS, observasi dan penilaian diri yang menghasilkan nilai (skor) tuntas. Oleh karena itu bisa disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran kontekstual matematika yang menekankan religiusitas peserta didik memenuhi kriteria valid, praktis, dan efektif.Kata Kunci: model pembelajaran kontekstual matematika, religiusitas Development of Mathematics Contextual Learning Models on Junior High School at 9TH Grade Focusing on Students’ Religiousity AbstractThe research aimed at developing mathematics contextual learning focusing on students’ religiousity, and producing effective, valid, and practical product on the development on mathematics contextual learning focusing on students’ religiousity. This study  belongs  to developmental research. The development of the learning focused on development procedure which produces development product, the development product consists of some education instruments such as lesson plan, guide book for teachers, students’ worksheets, and self assessment, and an assessment for development product which used research instruments. The results of the research showed the products meet the characteristic of valid by the experts, practical aspects from teacher practical sheets towards learning product and  students practical sheet towards the product, and effective aspects that shown by the result of assessing students’ worksheets , observation sheet, and self assessment to students. Therefore learning contextual mathematics focusing on students religiousity was effective. It can be concluded that this research meet valid, practical, and effective criteria.Key words : mathematics contextual learning model, religiousity
Avances en la estrategia de control de la macana del fique
Authors:   Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria - AGROSAVIA
Published: March 2024

En Colombia el cultivo de fique se realiza principalmente en los departamentos de Cauca y Nariño con una participación nacional del 70.3%; siendo el Cauca el mayor productor con más de 7.700 toneladas anuales y un rendimiento de 1.116 Kg/ha. De la planta se obtiene principalmente fibra de fique (cabuya), además de subproductos como residuos sólidos, bagazo y jugos
Evaluating a Mobile App Supporting Evidence-Based Parenting Skills: Thematic Analysis of Parent Experience
Authors: Hodson Nathan , Woods Peter , Solano Juan Luque , Talbot Charlotte , Giacco Domenico
Published: March 2024

Background

Disruptive behavior disorders are among the most common disorders of childhood, and evidence-based parenting programs are the first-line treatment. Digital microinterventions have been proposed as one possible means of supporting parenting style change by giving parents in-the-moment advice about how to respond to challenging behavior. Until now, no digital microintervention supporting evidence-based parenting skills programs has been evaluated.

Objective

The aim of this study is to evaluate the subjective experience of parents using a digital microintervention to support evidence-based parenting skills, with particular attention to acceptability, usability, family relationships, and parents’ values.

Methods

We conducted serial interviews with 11 parents of 33 children before and after spending 3 weeks using an app including 3 digital microinterventions. Parents were recruited via local authorities in the Midlands region of the United Kingdom. Previous participation in a parenting program was an inclusion criterion. Interviews explored family composition; child behavior problems; and experience of using the mobile app, including barriers to use. Thematic analysis was conducted from a user-centered design perspective, and illustrative case vignettes were produced.

Results

Many parents used the app in ways that helped them rather than strictly following the instructions they were given. Parents described a range of barriers to using the app including practical problems and failure to change child behavior. Parents and children responded in a variety of ways to the use of the phone, with many wholeheartedly embracing the convenience of technology. Case vignettes illustrate the uniqueness of each family’s experience.

Conclusions

Parents’ use of a mobile app supporting evidence-based parenting skills is difficult to predict due to the unique challenges each family encounters. Many parents found it an acceptable and helpful addition to family life, but increased personalization is likely to be key to supporting parents. Future digital microintervention developers should keep in mind that parents are likely to use the app pragmatically rather than following instructions, may struggle to use a complex app under pressure, and are likely to hold complex feelings about parenting with an app.
Comparison of the Discrimination Performance of AI Scoring and the Brixia Score in Predicting COVID-19 Severity on Chest X-Ray Imaging: Diagnostic Accuracy Study (Preprint)
Authors: Tenda Eric Daniel , Yunus Reyhan Eddy , Zulkarnaen Benny , Yugo Muhammad Reynalzi , Pitoyo Ceva Wicaksono , Asaf Moses Mazmur , Islamiyati Tiara Nur , Pujitresnani Arierta , Setiadharma Andry , Henrina Joshua , Rumende Cleopas Martin , Wulani Vally , Harimurti Kuntjoro , Lydia Aida , Shatri Hamzah , Soewondo Pradana , Yusuf Prasandhya Astagiri
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

The artificial intelligence (AI) analysis of chest x-rays can increase the precision of binary COVID-19 diagnosis. However, it is unknown if AI-based chest x-rays can predict who will develop severe COVID-19, especially in low- and middle-income countries.

OBJECTIVE

The study aims to compare the performance of human radiologist Brixia scores versus 2 AI scoring systems in predicting the severity of COVID-19 pneumonia.

METHODS

We performed a cross-sectional study of 300 patients suspected with and with confirmed COVID-19 infection in Jakarta, Indonesia. A total of 2 AI scores were generated using CAD4COVID x-ray software.

RESULTS

The AI probability score had slightly lower discrimination (area under the curve [AUC] 0.787, 95% CI 0.722-0.852). The AI score for the affected lung area (AUC 0.857, 95% CI 0.809-0.905) was almost as good as the human Brixia score (AUC 0.863, 95% CI 0.818-0.908).

CONCLUSIONS

The AI score for the affected lung area and the human radiologist Brixia score had similar and good discrimination performance in predicting COVID-19 severity. Our study demonstrated that using AI-based diagnostic tools is possible, even in low-resource settings. However, before it is widely adopted in daily practice, more studies with a larger scale and that are prospective in nature are needed to confirm our findings.

CLINICALTRIAL
Safety, Tolerability, and Dose-Limiting Toxicity of Lacosamide in Patients With Painful Chronic Pancreatitis: Protocol for a Phase 1 Clinical Trial to Determine Safety and Identify Side Effects (Preprint)
Authors: Fogel Evan L , Easler Jeffrey J , Yuan Ying , Yadav Dhiraj , Conwell Darwin L , Vege Santhi Swaroop , Han Samuel Y , Park Walter , Patrick Vanessa , White Fletcher A
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

Chronic abdominal pain is the hallmark symptom of chronic pancreatitis (CP), with 50% to 80% of patients seeking medical attention for pain control. Although several management options are available, outcomes are often disappointing, and opioids remain a mainstay of therapy. Opioid-induced hyperalgesia is a phenomenon resulting in dose escalation, which may occur partly because of the effects of opioids on voltage-gated sodium channels associated with pain. Preclinical observations demonstrate that the combination of an opioid and the antiseizure drug lacosamide diminishes opioid-induced hyperalgesia and improves pain control.

OBJECTIVE

In this phase 1 trial, we aim to determine the safety, tolerability, and dose-limiting toxicity of adding lacosamide to opioids for the treatment of painful CP and assess the feasibility of performance of a pilot study of adding lacosamide to opioid therapy in patients with CP. As an exploratory aim, we will assess the efficacy of adding lacosamide to opioid therapy in patients with painful CP.

METHODS

Using the Bayesian optimal interval design, we will conduct a dose-escalation trial of adding lacosamide to opioid therapy in patients with painful CP enrolled in cohorts of size 3. The initial dose will be 50 mg taken orally twice a day, followed by incremental increases to a maximum dose of 400 mg/day, with lacosamide administered for 7 days at each dose level. Adverse events will be documented according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (version 5.0).

RESULTS

As of December 2023, we have currently enrolled 6 participants. The minimum number of participants to be enrolled is 12 with a maximum of 24. We expect to publish the results by March 2025.

CONCLUSIONS

This trial will test the feasibility of the study design and provide reassurance regarding the tolerability and safety of opioids in treating painful CP. It is anticipated that lacosamide will prove to be safe and well tolerated, supporting a subsequent phase 2 trial assessing the efficacy of lacosamide+opioid therapy in patients with painful CP, and that lacosamide combined with opiates will lower the opioid dose necessary for pain relief and improve the safety profile of opioid use in treating painful CP.

CLINICALTRIAL

Clinicaltrials.gov NCT05603702; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05603702

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

PRR1-10.2196/50513
Feasibility and Design Factors for Home-Based Pulmonary Rehabilitation of Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Chronic Lung Diseases Based on a People-Object-Environment Framework: Qualitative Interview Study (Preprint)
Authors: Chien Shih-Ying , Wong Alice May-Kuen , Tseng Winston , Hu Han-Chung , Cho Hsiu-Ying
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

The feasibility of implementing home-based pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) can be assessed from the perspectives of patients with chronic lung disease and health care professionals involved in PR.

OBJECTIVE

Through a qualitative inquiry using interviews and the adoption of the people-object-environment framework, this study aims to understand the influences of interpersonal, environmental, and situational factors on the perceptions and considerations of individuals involved in home-based PR for patients with chronic lung disease.

METHODS

One-on-one interviews were conducted with 20 patients with chronic lung disease and 20 health care professionals for investigating their attitudes and opinions based on their experiences regarding home-based PR as well as for identifying the key factors affecting the benefits and drawbacks of such therapies. This study further evaluates the feasibility of using digital tools for medical diagnosis and treatment by examining the technology usage of both parties.

RESULTS

The 4 key issues that all participants were the most concerned about were as follows: distance to outpatient medical care, medical efficiency, internet connectivity and equipment, and physical space for diagnosis and treatment. Interviews with patients and health care professionals revealed that the use of technology and internet was perceived differently depending on age and area of residence. Most participants reported that digital tools and internet connectivity had many benefits but still could not solve all the problems; moreover, these same digital tools and network transmission could lead to problems such as information security and digital divide concerns. This study also emphasizes the significant impact of human behavior and thinking on shaping the design of health care interventions and technologies. Understanding user perspectives and experiences is crucial for developing effective solutions for unmet needs.

CONCLUSIONS

The results of this study indicate that despite the different perspectives of patients and health care professionals, their considerations of the key issues are very similar. Therefore, the implementation of plans related to telemedicine diagnosis, treatment, or rehabilitation should take the suggestions and considerations of both parties into account as crucial factors for telehealth care design.
Beta Test of a Christian Faith-Based Facebook Intervention for Smoking Cessation in Rural Communities (FaithCore): Development and Usability Study (Preprint)
Authors: Sharma Pravesh , Tranby Brianna , Kamath Celia , Brockman Tabetha A , Lenhart Ned , Quade Brian , Abuan Nate , Halom Martin , Staples Jamie , Young Colleen , Brewer LaPrincess , Patten Christi
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

Individuals living in rural communities experience substantial geographic and infrastructure barriers to attaining health equity in accessing tobacco use cessation treatment. Social media and other digital platforms offer promising avenues to improve access and overcome engagement challenges in tobacco cessation efforts. Research has also shown a positive correlation between faith-based involvement and a lower likelihood of smoking, which can be used to engage rural communities in these interventions.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to develop and beta test a social intervention prototype using a Facebook (Meta Platforms, Inc) group specifically designed for rural smokers seeking evidence-based smoking cessation resources.

METHODS

We designed a culturally aligned and faith-aligned Facebook group intervention, FaithCore, tailored to engage rural people who smoke in smoking cessation resources. Both intervention content and engagement strategies were guided by community-based participatory research principles. Given the intervention’s focus on end users, that is, rural people who smoked, we conducted a beta test to assess any technical or usability issues of this intervention before any future trials for large-scale implementation.

RESULTS

No critical beta test technical and usability issues were noted. Besides, the FaithCore intervention was helpful, easy to understand, and achieved its intended goals. Notably, 90% (9/10) of the participants reported that they tried quitting smoking, while 90% (9/10) reported using or seeking cessation resources discussed within the group.

CONCLUSIONS

This study shows that social media platform with culturally aligned and faith-aligned content and engagement strategies delivered by trained moderators are promising for smoking cessation interventions in rural communities. Our future step is to conduct a large pilot trial to evaluate the intervention’s effectiveness on smoking cessation outcomes.
The Present State of the Kola Peninsula Broadband Seismic Network
Authors: Goev Andrey , Fedorov Andrey , Fedorov Ivan , Asming Vladimir , Aleshin Igor , Yudochkin Nikita
Published: March 2024

This paper provides information about the main parameters of spatial broadband seismic network in the Kola region (the northeastern part of the Fennoscandian Shield). Since 2021 the seismic network has been expanded by five seismic stations and currently consists of nine stations located on the territory of the Russian Federation. Configuration of the network allows to broaden the scope of research of the Kola region lithospheric structure significantly. The prospects of integrating the newly installed stations into the automated regional seismic monitoring network are considered. The analysis of seismic noise in the places of installation of new seismic stations was carried out. It was shown that the data provided by the new broadband stations increases the accuracy of seismic events location in the research area.
Effect of Priming Treatment to Enhance Seed Quality of (Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench)
Authors: Nisha Nisha , Jakhar S.S. , Bhuker Axay , Kumar Mukesh , singh Gagandeep
Published: March 2024

With a view to find out the effect of priming on germination and seedling vigour on sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) seeds, experiments were conducted during Kharif 2018 in Seed Technology Laboratory, Department of Seed Science & Technology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar (Haryana), India.The seed of two forage sorghum variety (HC 136 and HJ 541) were evaluated under five priming treatments viz. T1: Untreated (control), T2: Hydration -dehydration (6 h), T3:Hydration – dehydration (6 h) + 0.25 % thiram treatment.T4: Hydration with GA3 (50 ppm for 6 h),T5:Hydration with sodium molybdate (500 ppm for 6 h) in complete randomized block design and replicated thrice.Maximum germination percentage and seedling length were observed when seeds primed with T4:Hydration with GA3 (50 ppm for 6 h), followed by Hydration – dehydration + 0.25 % Thiram treatment (T3) similar trend was also observed in all parameters. Among the treatments T1 Untreated (control) recorded minimum germination %, Seedling Length, seedling dry weight, Seed Vigour index and dehydrogenase activity. Among all the priming treatments T4 Hydration with GA3 (50 ppm for 6 h) was found to be the best priming treatment. Moreover, priming treatments have more pronounced effect on HJ541 maintained highest quality parameters followed than HC136 of sorghum seeds.
Central bank power without central bank autonomy?
Authors: Coombs Nathan
Published: March 2024

Leon Wansleben’s new book, The Rise of Central Banks, explains how central banks have emerged as powerful monetary governors over the past half-century. Yet the book’s recognition that central banks cannot extricate themselves from quantitative easing and market bailouts begs the question: what does it mean for central banks to be dominant but captive? In this commentary, I identify the book’s ambiguities with the concept of infrastructural power the book draws from Michael Mann. Unless the dynamics of state-market interdependence are well specified, giving due attention to the sources of both public and private power, it is unclear what kind of agency central bankers are exercising if they lack sufficient autonomy to act in the public interest.
Presentation | Brief theoretical framework: Tales, Identities and Detachment toward Democracy
Authors: Sarsfield Rodolfo , Aguilar Rosario
Published: March 2024

Brief theoretical framework: Tales, Identities and Detachment toward Democracy
Promoting Human Rights as an International Policy for World Peace
Authors: Sánchez-Cordero Grossmann Jorge E.
Published: March 2024

This essay intends to address the importance of promoting human rights for keeping world peace. In doing so, it emphasizes the relation between peace and law, describing the contribution of the international human rights movement to the solution of international conflicts shaped by the main world views such as: Realism, Liberalism, and the Clash of Civilizations. By comparing these forms of international and world order, the essay analyzes whether the promotion of human rights is compatible with the idea of world order as an international community of independent states or if it is based on the assumption of a world government. The paper proposes a revaluation not only of the legal and institutional mechanisms that prevent violence and protect human rights, but also questions if the philosophical foundations of the international system correspond to the current human condition.
Institutional Framework for International Judicial Cooperation: Opportunities and Challenges for North America
Authors: Gabuardi Carlos A.
Published: March 2024

This essay surveys the existing international judicial cooperation institutions, both in Europe and Ibero-America. Then, it addresses the current situation in the North American region where almost nothing has been taking place.In the author´s opinion international judicial cooperation in the North-American region should address at least in three simultaneous areas: a) a priority agenda; b) an implementation agenda; and c) a sustainable agenda, where the significant Canadian contribution in the field of "Civil Law Common Law bijuralism," shows significant lessons to be learned.
Mexican Law in California and Texas Courts and the (Lack of) Application of Foreign Law in Mexican Courts
Authors: Jorge A. Vargas
Published: March 2024

This article discusses two areas of Mexican law seldom addressed by either American or Mexican scholars, namely: first, court decisions rendered by U.S. courts based on Mexican law; and, second, the application of foreign law (including U.S. law) by Mexican courts. Since the entering into force of NAFTA on January 1, 1994, Mexican law has been slowly but steadily making its presence felt in the decisions of U.S. courts. Evidently, this incipient phenomenon is found only in a selected number of States, notably Texas, California, Illinois, Florida, New Mexico and Arizona, where a large concentration of Mexican-Americans and Mexicans are found. Regarding the second area, notwithstanding that Article 14 of Mexico’s Federal Civil Code (as amended in 1988) recognized the application of foreign law in that country (including U.S. law), Mexican courts have somewhat disregarded the tenor of said Article. There is not sufficient data to explain this result.
The Rotterdam Rules: Between Hope and Disappointment
Authors: Lorena Sales Pallarés
Published: March 2024

In September 2009, the UN Convention on Contracts for International Carriage of Goods Wholly or Partly by Sea —known as the Rotterdam Rules— was opened for signature. When it formally enters into force, the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) will have a single, uniform text which governs all international sea cargo transport as well as multimodal transport contracts that include a sea leg. The present study analyses the challenges and problems which might arise in the application of the Rotterdam Rules, especially with regard to carrier liability
Mexico's Political Culture: the Unrule of Law and Corruption as a Form of Resistance
Authors: Stephen D. Morris
Published: March 2024

Mexico faces intense rule of law challenges vis-à-vis society (crime, informal markets, etc.) and the state (corruption, human rights abuses, etc.). One factor linking these two dimensions is the lack of legitimacy. Mexicans rarely trust the law, governmental institutions, or their politicians. This essay explores some of the implications, dimensions and challenges of this aspect of the dominant Mexican political discourse. Following a brief discussion of the Mexican political culture as it relates to questions of legitimacy and the rule of law, I argue that these factors generate an underlying assumption of corruption, an anti-state and hence pro-society bias, and an ambiguous political situation, and, in turn, craft an environment feeding corruption, and non-systemic behavior. The essay concludes by highlighting not only the importance of establishing the legitimacy of the rule of law and the difficulties and challenges of doing so, but also the need to prioritize the application of the rule of law to the state and state officials based on a strategy of strengthening civil society.
The Sociological Concept Of Judicial Legitimacy: Notes on Latin American Constitutional Courts
Authors: Alba Rubial
Published: March 2024

This note presents a survey of the main issues discussed in the literature on judicial legitimacy from a sociological perspective. It focuses on the factors that may affect the legitimacy of judicial organs, and in particular that can influence diffuse support for courts. It offers a theoretical framework for the analysis of the legitimacy of constitutional courts in Latin America. Based on the theoretical and empirical findings in the literature, the note argues that in order to increase their legitimacy, constitutional courts in Latin America should give special attention to questions of transparency and accountability in their procedures and decision-making.
The Right to Vote of Prisoners in Mexico
Authors: Humberto Fernando Cantú Rivera
Published: March 2024

Ever since the promulgation of the Constitution in 1917, the right to vote in Mexico has been understood legally as a privilege for certain citizens, instead of a fundamental right granted to every Mexican national who is at least 18 years old. This situation contravenes the provisions of several international human rights conventions that the country has ratified, to which no reserve in that sense has been submitted. In particular, Mexico is flagrantly violating the electoral rights of persons in prison —convicts—, while failing to comply with its international obligations. A few suggestions are considered within this article, which aims at pointing out ways to improve the situation, as well as some possibilities to legally challenge the provisions which establish the prohibition to vote.
Indigenous Guatemalan and Mexican Workers in Washington State: Living Conditions and Legal Issues
Authors: Matthew Geyman  , Andrea L. Schmitt  , Sarah Leyrer  , Daniel G. Ford  , Rebecca Smith  , Matt Adams
Published: March 2024

Indigenous workers are migrating to Washington State in increasing numbers. These workers often speak little or no Spanish or English, and instead speak pre-Hispanic languages such as Mixteco (spoken in southern Mexico) and Mam (spoken in Guatemala). Mam and Mixteco workers migrate to the U.S. due to a number of social, political and economic pressures in their countries. Once they are in the U.S., Mixteco workers generally perform difficult and poorly paid work in agriculture, while Mam workers work long days harvesting floral greens, often for less than the minimum wage. Indigenous workers face numerous legal needs, often involving immigration, wage payment, workers’ compensation, housing, health care and language access, but addressing these needs is complicated by language barriers, cultural differences, and a general distrust of outsiders fostered by the history of violence and oppression in the workers’ home countries. Case studies of litigation on behalf of Mam and Mixteco workers illustrate these dynamics. To address the legal needs of indigenous workers in Washington State, lawyers’ associations in the home countries and in the U.S. should establish a transnational project to develop pro bono services for workers; law schools should train lawyers and students, in conjunction with community groups, to enforce workers’ rights; and advocates should develop a pilot partnership project to match medical services in the U.S. with corresponding services in Mexico or Guatemala to cooperate in providing treatment and compensation to deserving workers under the Washington State workers’ compensation system.