bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sulfogriseofulvin Derivatives. Synthesis by [4+2]Cycloaddition, Structure, Properties, Crystal Structure Analysis, and Antifungal Activity of Spiro[1,3‐benzoxathiole‐2,1′‐cyclohex‐2′‐en]‐4′‐one 3,3‐Dioxides
Authors: Friedrich Michael , Meichle Wilhelm , Bernhard Harald , Rihs Grety , Otto Hans‐Hartwig
Published: October 2006

Syntheses of substituted, especially of fluoro substituted benzoxathiole 1,1‐dioxides, are described. These derivatives were transformed via the Peterson olefination into substituted 2‐alkylidene derivatives 27. Diels‐Alder reactions of 27 with 1,1‐dimethoxy‐ and 1‐methoxy‐3‐trimethylsiloxy‐1,3‐butadiene (30, 32) gave sulfone analogues 31 of griseofulvin (named sulfogriseofulvins). From Z‐27, a number of cis‐isomers with the relative stereochemistry of griseofulvin (cis‐31) was prepared, and from E‐isomers of 27, compounds (trans‐31) with relative stereochemistry of epigriseofulvin were obtained. Some related compounds (33, 38) are synthesized by slight modifications. The stereochemistry is established by spectroscopic methods and crystal structure analyses. The compounds 31 were tested against three species of dermatophytes. The biological activities were all significantly lower than that of griseofulvin.
Scavenging of Free Radicals by Tenoxicam: A Participating Mechanism in the Antirheumatic/Antiinflammatory Efficacy of the Drug
Authors: Facino Roberto Maffei , Carini Marina , Saibene Luisella
Published: October 2006

The radical scavenging activity of tenoxicam against hydroxyl (HO⋅), superoxide (O2⋅−), and peroxyl (LOO⋅) radicals, all of them involved in the inflammatory reactions, has been tested in different cell‐free systems and by different techniques. Tenoxicam is a good scavenger of both HO⋅ radicals (IC50 = 56.7 μM), as determined by Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) spectroscopy with the spin trapping (5,5‐dimethyl‐1‐pyrroline N‐oxide, DMPO) technique, and O2⋅− radicals generated by the phenazine methosulfate/reduced β‐nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (PMS/NADH) system. The high reactivity of the drug towards HO⋅ was confirmed by the rate constant of reaction with HO⋅ (k ⋍ 1010 M−1s−1), determined by competition kinetic studies with N,N‐dimethyl‐4‐nitrosoaniline. In addition at a μM level (1–5 μM) it dose‐dependently prevents the phycoerythrin peroxidation induced by the water‐soluble azoinitiator 2,2‐azobis(2‐amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (ABAP), indicating a quenching effect on aqueous peroxyl radicals. The HO⋅‐entrapping capacity was confirmed in models more close to the in vivo situation: tenoxicam inhibits the HO⋅‐induced depolymerization of hyaluronic acid already at 15 μM and the HO⋅‐driven lipid peroxidation in phosphatidylcholine liposomes (PCL) with an IC50 of 10 μM. In this membrane model it delays at 1–10 μM level the decomposition of phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxides to short‐chain alkenals (markers: total carbonyl functions as 2,4‐dinitrophenylhydrazones and conjugated dienes). The high susceptibility of the drug of HO⋅ attack is also demonstrated by its extensive degradation (HPLC studies) when irradiated with HO⋅ radicals. The antioxidant component of tenoxicam evidenced in this study sheds some light on the hitherto undefined mechanism of the antiinflammatory action of the drug.
Synthesis of 6‐ and 9‐Ethylocatadecanoic Acids
Authors: Dragas Dario , Tanojo Hanafi , Brussee Johannes , Junginger Hans E. , Boddé Harry E.
Published: October 2006

Specific branched fatty acids are of great interest in the search of a new type of drug penetration enhancers across human skin for transdermal drug delivery and in gaining an understanding of structure‐activity relationships with skin lipids. A convenient synthesis has therefore been developed especially for ethyloctadecanoic acids. The successful syntheses of 6‐ and 9‐ethyloctadecanoic acids are reported here.
Synthesis and Antitumour Activity of New Derivatives of Flavone‐8‐acetic Acid (FAA). Part 1: 6‐Methyl Derivatives
Authors: Aitkena R. Alan , Bibby Michael C. , Double John A. , Phillips Roger M. , Sharma Shiv Kumar
Published: October 2006

A range of 17 derivatives of flavone‐8‐acetic acid (FAA) with a 6‐methyl substituent have been prepared and their anti‐tumour activity evaluated in vitro against a panel of human and murine tumour cell lines and in vivo against MAC 15A. While many of the compounds show activity comparable to FAA in vitro, this essentially disappears in vivo, possibly due to degradation before the compounds can reach the tumour site.
Synthesis and Evaluation of 3‐Fluoro‐2‐piperazinyl‐5,8,13‐trihydro‐5‐oxoquino[1,2‐a][3,1]benzoxazine‐6‐carboxylic Acids as Potential Antibacterial Agents
Authors: Chung Sang J. , Kim Dong H.
Published: October 2006

3‐Fluoro‐2‐piperazinyl‐5,8,13‐trihydro‐5‐oxoquino[1,2‐a][3,1]‐benzoxazine‐6‐carboxylic acids were designed and synthesized as potential DNA gyrase inhibitors and antibacterial agents. The design rationale rests on the proposition made by Ohta and Koga that in order for N1‐aryl substituted quinolones to posses antibacterial activity the N1‐aryl ring should be oriented out of the plane of the quinolone ring. α‐[Bis(methylthio)methylene]‐2,4,5‐trifluoro‐β‐oxobenzenepropanoic acid tert‐butyl ester (6) obtained by the treatment of 2,4,5‐trifluoro‐β‐oxobenzenepropanoic acid tert‐butyl ester (5) with carbon disulfide and methyl iodide in the presence of cesium carbonate was used as a key intermediate, yielding tert‐butyl 2,3‐difluoro‐5,8,13‐trihydro‐5‐oxoquino[1,2‐a][3,1]benzoxazine‐6‐carboxylate (8) upon treatment with 2‐aminobenzyl alcohol. The coupling of 8 with piperazines followed by the hydrolysis of the ester under acidic conditions afforded the desired product (3). Contrary to expectation, both compounds (3a,b) were, however, devoid of antibacterial activity, suggesting that for N1‐aryl substituted quinolones to exhibit antimicrobial activity important structural feature(s) other than the conformational requirement of the N1‐aryl ring with respect to the quinolone nucleus should also be satisfied.
Synthesis of 2‐Oxacortexone and its Effect on Ca2+ Uptake in Bovine Spermatozoa
Authors: Frimer Aryeh A. , Aljadeff Gladis , Rubinstein Sara , Breitart Haim
Published: October 2006

Low temperature base catalyzed autoxidation (BCA) of the A‐ring of 21‐acetoxypregn‐5‐ene‐3,20‐dione 20‐ethylene ketal (7) resulted in the saponification of the ester with the concomitant formation of 2,21‐dihydroxypregna‐1,4‐diene‐3,20‐dione 20‐ethylene ketal (8) Continued BCA at ambient temperature, converts the latter to 1,21‐dihydroxy‐2‐oxaprogesterone 20‐ethylene ketal (9), which is reduced by NaBH4 to the 2‐oxasteroid, 21‐hydroxy‐2‐oxaprogesterone 20‐ethylene ketal (10). Treatment of enol 8, lactol 9, 9, and lactone 10 with aqueous acid generates the corresponding deprotected analogs 2,21‐dihydroxypregna‐1,4‐diene‐3,20‐dione (enol 11), 1,21‐dihydroxy‐2‐oxaprogesterone (lactol 12), and 2‐oxacortexone (2‐oxadesoxycorticosterone, 21‐hydroxy‐2‐oxaprogesterone, lactone 13). In bovine spermatozoa, neither 2‐oxasteroid ketal 10 nor its deprotected analog 13 stimulated Ca2+ uptake. In high concentration (0.5 mM), the inhibition of Ca2+ uptake is only 37% for 13, as compared to 83% found with the parent steroid, cortexone (desoxycorticosterone, 21‐hydroxyprogesterone, 5). The difference in molecular structure between 13 and 5 indicates the importance of the oxygen atom in ring A in achieving the protective effect of the steroid. Ketalization of the C‐20 carbonyl is not important for protection. Thus it seems that by replacing C‐2 by an oxygen atom we can reduce the biological damage caused by relatively high concentrations of steroid treatment. These results are highly significant when treatment of patients with high doses of steroids is considered.
Synthesis and Evaluation of a Novel Series of Pyrrolizine Derivatives as Dual Cyclooxygenase‐1 and 5‐Lipoxygenase Inhibitors
Authors: Laufer Stefan , Striegel Hans‐Günter , Neher Karola , Zechmeister Pia , Donat Cornelia , Stolingwa Katrin , Baur Sibylle , Tries Susanne , Kammermeier Thomas , Dannhardt Gerd , Kiefer Werner
Published: October 2006

The aim of our study was to investigate structure activity relationship following the replacement of the 6‐phenyl substituent at the 6,7‐diaryl‐2,3‐dihydropyrrolizine template by various heteroaromatic residues. In this context we developed a new, efficient, and highly sensitive test method for the screening of dual cyclooxygenase‐1 (COX‐1) and 5‐lipoxygenase (5‐LOX) inhibitors. We used human platelets as a source of COX‐1 and human PMNLs as a source of 5‐LOX. Both cell types were isolated from the same volume of blood. PGE2 and LTB4 respectively were determined by highly selective and sensitive ELISA kits, using monoclonal antibodies. For a single determination at most 0.5 mL whole blood is needed.
New Carriers for Representative Peptides and Peptide Drugs
Authors: Aboul‐Fadl Tarck , El‐Shorbagi Abdel‐Nasser
Published: October 2006

3,5‐Disubstituted tetrahydro‐2H‐1,3,5‐thiadiazine‐2‐thione (THTT) derivatives; 4a–g were prepared and found to be a promising prodrug approach for peptide drugs. The pH profile for their degradation in aqueous buffer solutions was determined using HPLC technique and accounted for, in terms of specific base‐catalyzed reactions. All of the compounds however, showed high acid‐stability. Enzymatic (human serum) hydrolysis of the different derivatives offered an advantageous range of t1/2's, the property that permits controlling onset and duration of actions of drugs.
Zur Prognose der Schalldämmung zweischaliger Membrankonstruktionen
Authors: Maysenhölder Waldemar
Published: October 2006

Die Schalldämmung zweischaliger Membrankonstruktionen kann rechnerisch gut vorhergesagt werden, wenn der Hohlraum zwischen den Membranen mit Absorptionsmaterial bedämpft ist. Dies wird an einer Konstruktion mit 20 cm Membranabstand und eingestellter, 10 cm dicker offenporöser Schaumstoffplatte veranschaulicht. Die Berechnungen erfolgen mit dem Programm LAYERS. Eine bisher zur Abschätzung benutzte Formel führt nicht zum Ziel, weil sie die Einfallswinkelabhängigkeit des Schalldurchgangs nicht korrekt berücksichtigt. Bei “leerem”, nur gering bedämpftem Hohlraum ist eine Prognose mit LAYERS im Prinzip ebenfalls möglich. Da jedoch über die Absorption in der Luft‐ oder Gasfüllung und an den seitlichen Hohlraumrändern kaum etwas bekannt ist, sind die Ergebnisse mit größeren Unsicherheiten behaftet. Unklarheiten bestehen außerdem bezüglich der im Prüfstand herrschenden Einfallswinkelverteilungen und deren Einfluß auf die Schalldämmung.
Ein Design‐Tool für den Entwurf von Niedrigenergiebauten
Authors: Keller Bruno , Magyari Eugen
Published: October 2006

Das thermisch‐dynamische Verhalten eines Raumes kann mit großer Allgemeingültigkeit auf nur drei Schlüsselparameter zurückgeführt werden. Damit ist die Temperaturentwicklung eines Raumes unter dem alleinigen Einfluß des Außenklimas – seine Leerlauftemperatur – eindeutig bestimmt und berechenbar. Solange diese innerhalb des Komfortbereichs verläuft, wird keine Energie für Heizen oder Kühlen benötigt. Es wird eine Strategie entwickelt, die auf der Maximierung dieser Nullenergiestunden beruht. Mit Hilfe eines Tabellenkalkulations‐Programms und dreier resultierender Grafiken lassen sich die Bestwerte der Schlüsselparameter auf die für die Praxis relevanten Planungsgrößen wie Glasanteil und Glasqualität (U‐Wert, g‐Wert), Bauweise etc. zurückführen. Damit steht ein Werkzeug zur Verfügung, welches sich vor allem für die frühen Phasen des Entwurfs eignet.
Zoologische Gärten in Stadtkultur und Wissenschaft im 19. Jahrhundert
Authors: Jahn Ilse
Published: October 2006

The foundation and administration of European Zoological gardens in the 19th century is analized. It is significant of such new institutions, that they are founded in the large cities, and that most of the founders looked at the great models in Paris and London, which are described first. Further it is shown that the change from princely menageries to public Zoological Gardens is caused both by common interests in people's education and pleasure and by scientific aims which leaded to choose the name Zoological “garden” in analogy to botanical gardens. It seems to be characteristic of such public institutions created by citizens in the 19th century that they are mostly supported by commercial or scientific local societies. This is exemplified by describing the administration of the Zoological gardens of Berlin (1841), Frankfurt (1856) and Hamburg (1863), which initiated also research for acclimatization of wild animals.
Kalmus, Gilge und Würzhalm. Anmerkungen zu einer alten Verwechslungsgeschichte
Authors: Stoll Ulrich
Published: October 2006

The identification of the plant treated by Dioscorides in his chapter “äkopov” Still today gives reason to errors. This fact justifies the presentation of some hitherto neglected aspects of the confusion of the nomenclature referring to this plant. Especially the synonyms of those plants which were confound with or by which the sweet flag (Acorus calamus L.) was substituted are examined in this study of quotations found in herbals and recipes from the antiquity and the Middle Ages up to the early modern times. In order to answer the question which plants were actually used in the practice of pharmacotherapy at times one would propose to compare the corresponding recipes, a method which could lead to a new kind of index of simplicia.
Aspekte angewandter Wissenschaften in Moscheen und Klöstern (Teil I)
Authors: King David A.
Published: October 2006

Only recently have the abundant sources relating to the application of astronomy to the needs of religious ritual in medieval Islam been studied, and it is now possible to write a new chapter in the history of Islamic astronomy. Simple techniques were advocated by the scholars of the religious law, highly sophisticated and complicated solutions were proposed by the Muslim scientists. It is not without interest to compare and contrast this activity, which lasted over a millennium, with that of the monks of the Christian Middle Ages. The history of the latter has not yet been written, and cannot be written from textual sources alone, as is clearly shown by some of the astronomical instruments presented here. The present essay, in which both the Islamic and Christian traditions are discussed side by side for the first time, is very much a preliminary venture, primarily intended to point to the inherent interest of the available materials for the history of science as well as for several other disciplines.
Universitäre Freiräume im Spätmittelalter als Wegbereiter neuzeitlicher Naturwissenschaft
Authors: Markowski Mieczyslaw Hubert
Published: October 2006

University freedom in late Middle Ages as a way to modern natural history: The question regarding the relation between faith and natural history in late Middle Ages was answered in different ways. In the way of thinking shaped by Augustinian philosophy there existed, in early Middle Ages, a close connection between natural science and religious belief. In the second half of the 13th century attempts were made at dividing natural science from supernatural sphere. In late Middle Ages it was endeavoured not only to liberate natural history from the domination of theology and metaphysics but also to achieve the autonomous treatment of nature. These endeavours became fully accomplished by Nicolaus Copernicus.
Die Geschichte der Dämpfung an der Laboratoriumswaage
Authors: Jenemann Hans Richard
Published: October 2006

History of the Damping of Precision Balances. The handling of high precision laboratory balances designed during the 19th century was improved substantially by the addition of ancillary equipment, like rider weights and the application of new weighing techniques, like observation of the swinging pointer in front of a scale. Within the first decades of the present century the optical projection for the inclination range and mechanical counterbalancing was introduced, first for low weights and than for the whole scale range. Notably, fast acting damping of the balance beam oscillations allowed for direct readings of the weighing result and enabled combinations with other measuring techniques. Various damping methodes for engine vibrations and for instrument indications were already known at this time and could be adapted for the special requirements of balances. The present paper deals with the historical roots of damping, starting with simple methods of braking and calming down the movements of the balance, than with the development of damping devices for the laboratory balance, and it includes some neighbouring innovations.
Zwischen Verwaltungsstaat und Industriegesellschaft Die Gründung höherer technischer Bildungsstätten in Deutschland in den ersten Jahrzehnten des 19. Jahrhunderts
Authors: König Wolfgang
Published: October 2006

In Germany, numerous technical schools were established between 1821 and 1836. The main purpose of these schools was to supply public service and industry with technical personnel. Indeed, a great number among the graduates entered positions in mining, military, and public building. The public service's demands influenced the schools' organization and curricula. On the contrary, in the time period before 1870, only few graduates obtained positions in industry. The author's conclusion is, that the technical schools contributed little to the early industrialization in Germany.
Crystal Structure and Physical Properties of New Ternary Gallides Eu2Rh3Ga9 and Eu2Ir3Ga9.
Authors: Sichevych Olga , Schnelle Walter , Prots Yurii , Burkhardt Ulrich , Grin Yurii
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
LiBx (0.82 < x ≤ 1.0) — An Incommensurate Composite Structure Below 150 K.
Authors: Woerle Michael , Nesper Reinhard , Chatterji Tapan K.
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Unprecedented Association of [Mo6Br7iYiBr6a]3‐ Cluster Units and [MoIIIBr6]3‐ Complexes: Synthesis, Crystal Structures, and Properties of the Double Salts Rb3 [Mo6Br7iYiBr6a](Rb3[MoBr6])3 (Y: Se, Te).
Authors: Kirakci Kaplan , Cordier Stephane , Perrin Christiane
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Catalytic Oxidation Activity of Pt3O4 Surfaces and Thin Films
Authors: Seriani Nicola , Pompe Wolfgang , Ciacchi Lucio Colombi
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Metal—Organic Framework Material that Functions as an Enantioselective Catalyst for Olefin Epoxidation.
Authors: Cho So‐Hye , Ma Baoqing , Nguyen SonBinh T. , Hupp Joseph T. , Albrecht‐Schmitt Thomas E.
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Reductive Deoximation of Aryloximes into Hydrocarbons by Hydrazine/KOH: A Novel Application of the Wolff—Kishner Reduction.
Authors: Nanjundaswamy H. M. , Pasha M. A.
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Efficient Synthesis of Various Secondary Amines Through a Titanium(IV) Isopropoxide Mediated Reductive Amination of Ketones.
Authors: Salmi Chanaz , Letourneux Yves , Brunel Jean Michel
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
High Yielding Methyl Esterification Catalyzed by Indium(III) Chloride.
Authors: Mineno Tomoko , Kansui Hisao
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A One‐Pot Selective Deprotective Acetylation of Benzyl Ethers and OTBDMS Ethers Using the BF3×Et2O—NaI—Ac2O Reagent System.
Authors: Brar Anita , Vankar Yashwant D.
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Cyclizations of α‐Diketones to α‐Hydroxycyclopentenones on Silica Gel in the Absence of Solvent.
Authors: Uhrich Elizabeth A. , Batson William A. , Tius Marcus A.
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Recyclable Fluorous (S)‐Pyrrolidine Sulfonamide Promoted Direct, Highly Enantioselective Michael Addition of Ketones and Aldehydes to Nitroolefins in Water.
Authors: Zu Liansuo , Wang Jian , Li Hao , Wang Wei
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Rhodium(I)‐Catalyzed Carboxylation of Aryl‐ and Alkenylboronic Esters with CO2.
Authors: Ukai Kazutoshi , Aoki Masao , Takaya Jun , Iwasawa Nobuharu
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthetic Method for Multifunctionalized Oligoarenes Using Pinacol Esters of Hydroxyphenylboronic Acids.
Authors: Ishikawa Shunpei , Manabe Kei
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Asymmetric Mannich‐Type Reaction of a Chiral N‐(tert‐Butylsulfinyl) Ketimine with Imines: Application to the Synthesis of Chiral 1,3‐Diamines.
Authors: Zhao Cui‐Hua , Liu Li , Wang Dong , Chen Yong‐Jun
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Indium Triflate Catalyzed Rearrangement of Aryl‐Substituted Cyclopropyl Carbinols to 1,4‐Disubstituted 1,3‐Butadienes.
Authors: Ranu Brindaban C. , Banerjee Subhash
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Interaction of the Azole N‐Sodium Derivatives with Freon‐113: Synthesis of N‐(2,2‐Dichlorotrifluoroethyl)azoles.
Authors: Petko K. I. , Yagupolskii L. M.
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Aza‐Payne Rearrangement of α,α‐Disubstituted‐aziridinemethanols.
Authors: Feng Xichun , Qiu Guofu , Liang Shucai , Teng Hanbing , Wu Lamei , Hu Xianming
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
An Efficient Electrophilic N‐Amination Utilizing in situ Generated Chloramine under Phase Transfer Conditions.
Authors: Bhattacharya Apurba , Patel Nitin C. , Plata Robert Erik , Peddicord Michael , Ye Qingmei , Parlanti Luca , Palaniswamy Venkatapuram A. , Grosso John A.
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Stereoselective Electrocatalytic Cyclization of 3‐Substituted 2,2‐Dicyanocyclopropane‐1,1‐dicarboxylic Acid Esters to Form 6‐Substituted (1R,5R,6R)*‐4,4‐Dialkoxy‐5‐cyano‐2‐oxo‐3‐azabicyclo [3.1.0]hexane‐1‐carboxylic Acid Esters.
Authors: Elinson M. N. , Fedukovich S. K. , Starikova Z. A. , Vereshchagin A. N. , Belyakov P. A. , Gorbunov S. V. , Nikishin G. I.
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Facile Scalable Reduction of N‐Acylated Dihydropyrazoles.
Authors: Curtis Michael D. , Hayes Nancy C. , Matson Patricia A.
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Regioselective Synthesis of 1‐Aryl‐4‐bromo‐5‐trifluoromethylpyrazoles.
Authors: Nenajdenko V. G. , Reznichenko A. L. , Balenkova E. S.
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Regioselective Alkylation of 2‐Alkyl‐5,6,7,8‐tetrahydro‐3H‐cycloheptimidazol‐4‐ones and 2‐Alkyl‐3H‐cycloheptimidazol‐4‐ones.
Authors: Sonegawa Motoharu , Yokota Masayuki , Tomiyama Hiroshi , Tomiyama Tsuyoshi
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
5‐Benzylidene‐hydantoins as New EGFR Inhibitors with Antiproliferative Activity.
Authors: Carmi Caterina , Cavazzoni Andrea , Zuliani Valentina , Lodola Alessio , Bordi Fabrizio , Plazzi Pier Vincenzo , Alfieri Roberta R. , Petronini Pier Giorgio , Mor Marco
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and Photochromic Properties of 4‐[2‐(Anthracen‐9‐yl)‐5‐methyloxazolyl] Fulgide.
Authors: Rybalkin V. P. , et al. et al.
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and in vitro Antimycobacterial Activity of N1‐Nicotinoyl‐3‐(4′‐hydroxy‐3′‐methyl phenyl)‐5‐[(sub)phenyl]‐2‐pyrazolines.
Authors: Shaharyar Mohammad , Siddiqui Anees Ahamed , Ali Mohamed Ashraf , Sriram Dharmarajan , Yogeeswari Perumal
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Novel Synthesis of 4‐Fluoropyridines Based on 2‐Fluoroallylic Alcohols by Succeeding Ireland—Claisen and Aza‐Cope Rearrangements as Key Steps.
Authors: Wittmann Ulrich , Tranel Frank , Froehlich Roland , Haufe Guenter
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Unusual Reaction of 1,1′‐Dialkyl‐3,3′‐di(2‐quinolyl)‐1,1′,4,4′‐tetrahydro‐4,4′‐biquinolines with Ethyl Chloroformate.
Authors: Kovalev D. A. , Antonova O. A. , Goncharov V. I. , Aksenov A. V.
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Unusual Acylation Reaction of 1′‐Alkyl‐1′,4′‐dihydro‐2,3′‐biquinolines.
Authors: Kovalev D. A. , Antonova O. A. , Demidova N. V. , Aksenov A. V.
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Tricyclic HIV‐1 Integrase Inhibitors by Modification of Its Pyridine Ring.
Authors: Metobo Sammy E. , Jin Haolun , Tsiang Manuel , Kim Choung U.
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Novel Pyridazine‐Fused Heterocyclic System: A New Route for the Synthesis of 2‐Alkyl/Aryl[1,3,4]thiadiazole[2′,3′:2,3]imidazo [4,5‐d]pyridazin‐8(7H)‐one.
Authors: Kolavi Gundurao , Hegde Vinayak , Khazi Imtiyaz Ahmed
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A New Synthesis of Pteridines.
Authors: Xu Ming , Vasella Andrea
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Very Short and Efficient Palladium‐Catalyzed Access to the 3,4‐Dihydro‐2H‐1,4‐benzoxazine Structure.
Authors: Dominczak Norbert , Lhoste Paul , Kryczka Boguslaw , Sinou Denis
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Exchange Reactions of 1,3‐Bis(nitroarylthio)propanes with Propane‐1,3‐dithiols.
Authors: Miroshnichenko A. V. , Demchuk D. V. , Nikishin G. I.
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and Extraction Properties of Oxathiacrown Compounds Containing Benzyl Groups.
Authors: Rezekina N. A. , Rakhmanov E. V. , Lukovskaya E. V. , Bobylyova A. A. , Abramov A. A. , Chertkov V. A. , Khoroshutin A. V. , Anisimov A. V.
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Rhodium‐Catalyzed Synthesis of 1‐Alkynylphosphine Oxides from 1‐Alkynes and Tetraphenylbiphosphine.
Authors: Arisawa Mieko , Onoda Masato , Hori Chieko , Yamaguchi Masahiko
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Novel Organic Dyes for Efficient Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells.
Authors: Li Shao‐Lu , Jiang Ke‐Jian , Shao Ke‐Feng , Yang Lian‐Ming
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Triterpenoids from the Orchid Eria acervata
Authors: Majumder P. L. , Rahaman Burhanur
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Three Novel Terpenoids from Schisandra pubescens var. pubinervis
Authors: Huang Sheng‐Xiong , Yang Jing , Xiao Wei‐Lie , Zhu Yan‐Ling , Li Rong‐Tao , Li Li‐Mei , Pu Jian‐Xin , Li Xian , Li Sheng‐Hong , Sun Han‐Dong
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Tryptophan‐Containing Fluoroionophore Sensor with High Sensitivity to and Selectivity for Lead Ion in Water.
Authors: Ma Li‐Jun , Liu Yi‐Fu , Wu Yuqing
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Stereoselective Conversion of Anhydrovinblastine into Vinblastine Utilizing an Antivinblastine Monoclonal Antibody as a Chiral Mould.
Authors: Shirahama Tatsuya , Kohno Takeyuki , Kaijima Tomohiro , Nagaoka Yasuo , Morimoto Daisuke , Hirata Kazumasa , Uesato Shinichi
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Studies on Oxidative Transformations of Dinucleoside H‐Phosphonoselenoates.
Authors: Bollmark Martin , Kullberg Martin , Stawinski Jacek
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Biocatalytic Synthesis of a Nanostructured and Crystalline Bimetallic Perovskite‐Like Barium Oxofluorotitanate at Low Temperature.
Authors: Brutchey Richard L. , Yoo Edward S. , Morse Daniel E.
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Tailoring the Morphology and Assembly of Silver Nanoparticles Formed in DMF
Authors: Pastoriza‐Santos Isabel , Liz‐Marzan Luis M.
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Photomagnetism of Iron(II) Spin Crossover Complexes — The T(LIESST) Approach
Authors: Letard Jean‐Francois
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Oxygen Ionic and Mixed Conductors: Recent Developments
Authors: Kharton Vladislav V. , Scholz Fritz
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Fluorine in Medicinal Chemsitry: Recent Therapeutic Applications of Fluorinated Small Molecules
Authors: Kirk Kenneth L.
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Carbene‐ and Transition‐Metal‐Mediated Transformations
Authors: Diez‐Gonzalez Silvia , Nolan Steven P.
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Free Radical Mechanisms in Enzymology
Authors: Frey Perry A. , Hegeman Adrian D. , Reed George H.
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Electrocyclic Ring‐Opening Reactions of gem‐Dibromocyclopropanes in the Synthesis of Natural Product and Related Compounds.
Authors: Halton Brian , Harvey Joanne
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Ring‐Closure Reactions of ortho‐Vinyl‐tert‐anilines and (Di)Aza‐Heterocyclic Analogues via the tert‐Amino Effect: Recent Developments
Authors: Matyus Peter , Elias Oliver , Tapolcsanyi Pal , Polonka‐Balint Agnes , Halasz‐Dajka Beata
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Polymers of Intrinsic Microporosity (PIMs): Organic Materials for Membrane Separations, Heterogeneous Catalysis and Hydrogen Storage
Authors: McKeown Neil B. , Budd Peter M.
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Design and Synthesis of New Supramolecular Complexes by Molecular Assembly of Multinuclear Zinc(II) Complex Modules
Authors: Aoki Shin
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Separations and Syntheses of Chiral Compounds and Application to the Synthesis of Natural Products Using Fluorous Chemistry
Authors: Nakamura Yutaka , Takeuchi Seiji
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Development of Environmentally Benign Catalytic Dehydration Process
Authors: Sakakura Akira , Ishihara Kazuaki
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Yoctowells
Authors: Wang Tianyu , Bhosale Sheshanath , Bhosale Sidhanath , Li Guangtao , Fuhrhop Juergen‐Hinrich
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Search for Solutions to the Reactivity and Selectivity Problems in Enyne Metathesis
Authors: Hansen Eric C. , Lee Daesung
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
The Solid Phase Synthesis of Ribonuclease A by Robert Bruce Merrifield
Authors: Kresge Nicole , Simoni Robert D. , Hill Robert L.
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Recent Advances Concerning Catalytic Oxidation in Supercritical Water
Authors: Savage Phillip , Dunn Jennifer , Yu Jianli
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Improved Catalyst for the Removal of Carbobenzyloxy Protective Groups
Authors: Humphries Kimberly B. , Mobus Konrad , Dunn Tracy D. , Chen Baoshu
Published: October 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Theoretical Analysis of the Terahertz Spectrum of the High Explosive PETN
Authors: Allis Damian G. , Korter Timothy M.
Published: October 2006

The experimental solid‐state terahertz (THz) spectrum (3 to 120 cm−1) of the high explosive pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN, C5H6N4O12) has been modeled using solid‐state density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Solid‐state DFT, employing the BP density functional, is in best qualitative agreement with the features in the previously reported THz spectrum. The crystal environment of PETN includes numerous intermolecular hydrogen‐bonding interactions that contribute to large (up to 80 cm−1) calculated shifts in molecular normal‐mode positions in the solid state. Comparison of the isolated‐molecule and solid‐state normal‐mode calculations for a series of density functionals reveals the extent to which the inclusion of crystal‐packing interactions and the relative motions between molecules are required for correctly reproducing the vibrational structure of solid‐state THz spectra. The THz structure below 120 cm−1 is a combination of both intermolecular (relative rotations and translations) and intramolecular (torsions, large amplitude motions) vibrational motions. Vibrational‐mode analyses indicate that the first major feature (67.2 cm−1) in the PETN THz spectrum contains all of the optical rotational and translational cell modes and no internal (molecular) vibrational modes.
Aerosol‐Assisted CVD of Antimony Sulfide from Antimony Dithiocarbamates
Authors: Rodriguez‐Castro J. , Mahon M. F. , Molloy K. C.
Published: October 2006

Asymmetric antimony dithiocarbamates, Sb[S2CN(Me)R]3 (R = Bu, Hex, Bz), can be thermally decomposed under a dynamic vacuum to yield high‐purity Sb2S3 rods. These precursors do not, however, have sufficient volatility for low‐pressure (LP) CVD, but are soluble in organic solvents and can be exploited in aerosol‐assisted (AA) CVD. Sb2S3 can be deposited using the latter procedure, but the film purity is dependent on substrate temperature. As temperature increases the films become more susceptible to oxidation, and the deposition of oxides and mixed oxide/sulfides becomes more prevalent.
Nachweis der Feuerwiderstandsdauer von Mauerwerk im Brandfall bei einer Kaltbemessung nach DIN 1053‐100:2006‐08. Anpassung der Aussagen in DIN 4102:1994‐03 einschließlich DIN 4102‐4/A1:2004‐11
Authors: Graubner Carl‐Alexander , Hahn Christine , Jäger Wolfram
Published: October 2006

Mit der Umstellung auf das neue Teilsicherheitskonzept nach DIN 1053‐100 tritt die Frage auf, wie der Nachweis der Feuerwiderstandsdauer von Mauerwerksbauteilen unter Brandbelastung zu führen ist. Um eine einfache und praktikable Lösung in der Schreibweise des neuen Sicherheitskonzeptes anbieten zu können, erfolgte eine Überführung des Ausnutzungsfaktors α2, jedoch mit den bisher angesetzten Lasten im Brandversuch entsprechend DIN 1053‐1. Der Beitrag stellt das Ergebnis in kurzer Form dar und gibt Erläuterungen dazu.
Selective Analysis of Secondary Amines Using Liquid Chromatography with Electrochemical Detection (LC‐EC)
Authors: Williams Celia K. , Koppang Miles D.
Published: October 2006

In a mixture of primary and secondary aliphatic amines, the primary amines were derivatized (masked) with o‐phthalaldehyde (OPA) followed by derivatization of the remaining secondary amines with ferrocenecarboxylic acid chloride (FAC). The “tagged” amines were analyzed by LC‐EC (liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection) using in‐series dual electrode detection. Chemically‐reversible oxidation of the FAC tagged secondary amines and their subsequent complementary oxidation and reduction signals coupled with chemically‐irreversible oxidation of OPA tagged primary amines provided the selectivity for quantitative secondary amine analysis. The procedure was also applied for the selective identification of fragment 4–11 (N‐terminus‐proline) of Substance P in the presence of other Substance P fragments with primary amino acids as their N‐termini.
An Amperometric Hydrogen Peroxide Biosensor Based on a Hemoglobin‐Immobilized Dopamine‐Oxidation Polymer/Prussian Blue/Au Electrode
Authors: Li Mingrui , Deng Chunyan , Chen Chao , Peng Limei , Ning Guohong , Xie Qingji , Yao Shouzhuo
Published: October 2006

A novel method to immobilize hemoglobin (Hb) in a polymer grown from dopamine (DA) oxidation was proposed. The growth of the polymeric films during DA oxidation at the Prussian blue (PB) modified Au electrode in weak alkaline phosphate buffer (pH 9.18) and the immobilization of Hb into the polymeric films during their growth were traced by the electrochemical quartz crystal impedance analysis (EQCIA) method. A hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) biosensor was thus constructed, and effects of experimental parameters on the sensor performance, including the applied potential, solution pH and electroactive interferents, were examined. At an optimal potential of −0.25 V vs. SCE, the current response of the biosensor in the selected phosphate buffer (pH 5.29) was linear with the concentration of H2O2 from 0.01 to 4.5 mM, with a lower limit of detection of 0.5 μM (S/N=3), short response time (within 10 s) and good anti‐interferent ability. The Michaelis constant (Kmapp) was estimated to be 3.80 mM. Compared with the separate film of PB or Hb, the composite film of Hb and PB exhibited a higher catalytic activity toward the reduction of H2O2, as a result of the additive effect of the chemical and biological catalyses.
Numerical simulation of flapping‐wing insect hovering flight at unsteady flow
Authors: Zuo Decan , Peng Songlin , Chen Wenyuan , Zhang Weiping
Published: October 2006

A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis was conducted to study the unsteady aerodynamics of a virtual flying bumblebee during hovering flight. The integrated geometry of bumblebee was established to define the shape of a three‐dimensional virtual bumblebee model with beating its wings, accurately mimicking the three‐dimensional movements of wings during hovering flight. The kinematics data of wings documented from the measurement to the bumblebee in normal hovering flight aided by the high‐speed video. The Navier–Stokes equations are solved numerically. The solution provides the flow and pressure fields, from which the aerodynamic forces and vorticity wake structure are obtained. Insights into the unsteady aerodynamic force generation process are gained from the force and flow‐structure information. The CFD analysis has established an overall understanding of the viscous and unsteady flow around the virtual flying bumblebee and of the time course of instantaneous force production, which reveals that hovering flight is dominated by the unsteady aerodynamics of both the instantaneous dynamics and also the past history of the wing. A coherent leading‐edge vortex with axial flow and the attached wingtip vortex and trailing edge vortex were detected. The leading edge vortex, wing tip vortex and trailing edge vortex, which caused by the pressure difference between the upper and the lower surface of wings. The axial flow, which include the spanwise flow and chordwise flow, is derived from the spanwise pressure gradient and chordwise pressure gradient, will stabilize the vortex and gives it a characteristic spiral conical shape. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.