bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ends justify the means! Attitude toward ambush marketing
Authors: Aytaç Muhammed Bilgehan
Published: October 2020

Purpose

This study explores why consumers view ambush marketing as an ethical marketing approach.

Design/methodology/approach

A qualitative study was devised to investigate what ambush marketing means to those consumers who find it ethical or are not annoyed by it. Data were collected via focus groups.

Findings

Three main themes emerged from the data analyses. The most dominant theme was Machiavellianism. Favorable evaluations of ambush marketing lean on a Machiavellistic understanding. The second was the Robin Hood effect, which is observed when the ambusher is a smaller or local brand. In the third theme, ambush attacks are considered as charismatic or enjoyable action, in what is termed dark charisma.

Practical implications

Findings of the current study suggest considerable implications both for businesses that deal with sponsorship and for organizing committees.

Originality/value

The extant literature on consumers' attitudes toward ambush marketing mostly focuses on ethical issues and/or the effectiveness of ambush marketing (i.e. harm to official sponsors), using qualitative techniques. However, the literature is devoid of studies exploring consumers' perception on ambush marketing, and more specifically, explanations of what is ethical and unethical from consumers' point of view. To best of the author's knowledge, it is the first study that seeks an explanation about consumers' positive evaluation of ambush marketing.
Investigating additive manufacturing implementation factors using integrated ISM-MICMAC approach
Authors: Sonar Harshad , Khanzode Vivek , Akarte Milind
Published: October 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to identify various factors influencing additive manufacturing (AM) implementation from operational performance in the Indian manufacturing sector and to establish the hierarchical relationship among them.

Design/methodology/approach

The methodology includes three phases, namely, identification of factors through systematic literature review (SLR), interviews with experts to capture industry perspective of AM implementation factors and to develop the hierarchical model and classify it by deriving the interrelationship between the factors using interpretive structural modeling (ISM), followed with the fuzzy Matrice d’Impacts Croisés Multiplication Appliqués à un Classement (MICMAC) analysis.

Findings

This research has identified 14 key factors that influence the successful AM implementation in the Indian manufacturing sector. Based on the analysis, top management commitment is an essential factor with high driving power, which exaggerates other factors. Factors, namely, manufacturing flexibility, operational excellence and firm competitiveness are placed at the top level of the model, which indicates that they have less driving power and organizations need to focus on those factors after implementing the bottom-level factors.

Research limitations/implications

Additional factors may be considered, which are important for AM implementation from different industry contexts. The variations from different industry contexts and geographical locations can foster the theoretical robustness of the model.

Practical implications

The proposed ISM model sets the directions for business managers in planning the operational strategies for addressing AM implementation issues in the Indian manufacturing sector. Also, competitive strategies may be framed by organizations based on the driving and dependence power of AM implementation factors.

Originality/value

This paper contributes by identification of AM implementation factors based on in-depth literature review as per SLR methodology and validation of these factors from a variety of industries and developing hierarchical model by integrative ISM-MICMAC approach.
Clinical practice guide for the treatment of perforating dermatosis
Authors: Kawakami Tamihiro , Akiyama Masashi , Ishida‐Yamamoto Akemi , Nakano Hajime , Mitoma Chikage , Yoneda Kozo , Suga Yasushi
Published: October 2020

Perforating dermatoses are a heterogeneous skin disease group defined by transepidermal elimination of various skin materials. Four classical forms of primary perforating dermatosis have been described, where the transepidermal elimination mechanism represents the hallmark of the disease: acquired reactive perforating collagenosis, elastosis perforans serpiginosa, Kyrle’s disease and perforating folliculitis. Acquired reactive perforating collagenosis presents with transepidermal elimination of collagen fibers. Elastosis perforans serpiginosum presents with the elimination of elastic fibers. Kyrle’s disease presents with transepidermal elimination of abnormal keratin. In perforating folliculitis, it is the content of the follicle. We established diagnostic criteria and severity classification. In addition, the Japanese guideline for treatment of perforating dermatoses was updated using the Medical Information Network Distribution Service (MINDS) methodology. The guideline is based on a systematic published work review completed from 1989 to 2019, and on a formal consensus and approval process. Most medical published work on the treatment is limited to individual case reports and small series of patients. The guideline covers treatment options considered relevant by the expert panel and approved in Japan at the time of the consensus conference.
Centrality Asymmetry and Partner Complementarity as Influences on Alliance Dissolution
Authors: Hu Tianyou , Jain Amit , Delios Andrew
Published: October 2020

Research on interfirm alliances indicates that partner firms’ asymmetry in network centrality increases the likelihood of alliance dissolution because it gives rise to a power imbalance and opportunism in the partnership. We contend that this view of centrality asymmetry does not consider the binding force that network resource complementarity can provide in an alliance, which motivates partners to ally for the long term. We propose that centrality asymmetry can have both divisive and cohesive forces in an alliance, which – when considered together – lead to a prediction that centrality asymmetry has a U‐shaped relationship with alliance dissolution. Moderate levels of asymmetry lead to lower rates of dissolution than high and low levels of asymmetry. The degree of cooperation between partners and the degree of external competition reduce the effects of centrality asymmetry on alliance dissolution because they mitigate power imbalances while encouraging partners to strengthen the alliance to withstand competitive challenges.
Determinants of Taiwan's outward investment in Southeast Asia: Economic factors and institutional issues
Authors: An Thu‐Ha Thi , Yeh Kuo‐Chun
Published: October 2020

This paper investigates the economic and institutional determinants of Taiwan's outward direct investment in six Southeast Asian countries from 1998 to 2017, applying the panel ARDL–Pooled Mean Group estimation. We specially examine the effects of institutional quality with five dimensions inclusively, using the Worldwide Governance Indicators. The results show the locational economic factors are the primary determinants in the long run. The tight and historic trading relation with Southeast Asia has a long‐run positive effect. On the contrary, the institutional quality of the host countries has strong positive effects in both the long run and short run. Further, the paper displays the dynamics of this investment in the last 20 years. These results are important for Taiwan and Southeast Asia policy‐makers in setting up the short‐run and long‐run policies to sustain their diversified economic growth.
Premature aging syndrome showing random chromosome number instabilities with CDC20 mutation
Authors: Fujita Harumi , Sasaki Takashi , Miyamoto Tatsuo , Akutsu Silvia Natsuko , Sato Showbu , Mori Takehiko , Nakabayashi Kazuhiko , Hata Kenichiro , Suzuki Hisato , Kosaki Kenjiro , Matsuura Shinya , Matsubara Yoichi , Amagai Masayuki , Kubo Akiharu
Published: October 2020

Damage to the genome can accelerate aging. The percentage of aneuploid cells, that is, cells with an abnormal number of chromosomes, increases during aging; however, it is not clear whether increased aneuploidy accelerates aging. Here, we report an individual showing premature aging phenotypes of various organs including early hair loss, atrophic skin, and loss of hematopoietic stem cells; instability of chromosome numbers known as mosaic variegated aneuploidy (MVA); and spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) failure. Exome sequencing identified a de novo heterozygous germline missense mutation of c.856C>A (p.R286S) in the mitotic activator CDC20. The mutant CDC20 showed lower binding affinity to BUBR1 during the formation of the mitotic checkpoint complex (MCC), but not during the interaction between MCC and the anaphase‐promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C)–CDC20 complex. While heterozygous knockout of CDC20 did not induce SAC failure, knock‐in of the mutant CDC20 induced SAC failure and random aneuploidy in cultured cells, indicating that the particular missense mutation is pathogenic probably via the resultant imbalance between MCC and APC/C‐CDC20 complex. We postulate that accelerated chromosome number instability induces premature aging in humans, which may be associated with early loss of stem cells. These findings could form the basis of a novel disease model of the aging of the body and organs.
Leverage deviation from the target debt ratio and leasing
Authors: Chowdhury Hasibul , Rahman Shofiqur , Sankaran Harikumar
Published: October 2020

We find a negative association between the leverage deviation and leasing intensity, implying that firms actively use leasing as a source of financing when faced with a leverage deviation. This negative relation is more pronounced for firms that are underleveraged, are financially constrained, and have a high likelihood of bankruptcy, and weaker for firms with a greater need to preserve debt capacity. We attribute these incentives to distinct features of the lease contract that separate it from secured debt contracts. Overall, our results are consistent with the substitution effects of lease and debt.
Analysis of corporate social disclosures of the apparel industry following crisis: an institutional approach
Authors: Akbar Suraiyah , Deegan Craig
Published: October 2020

This study explores how the social and environmental information disclosed by organisations following a crisis is influenced by the institutional environment. Through content analysis, the study examines disclosures of apparel industry organisations after the Rana Plaza building collapse in Bangladesh. The study finds that the accountability demonstrated by global apparel buyers following a crisis is attributable to Western cultural expectations and norms, legitimacy concerns and global constituent pressures, while the limited accountability demonstrated by garment suppliers operating in a developing country occurs in response to apparel buyer pressures and business survival concerns.
Gut dysbiosis associated with the rats' responses in methamphetamine‐induced conditioned place preference
Authors: Yang Cheng , Fu Xiaoya , Hao Wei , Xiang Xiaojun , Liu Tieqiao , Yang Bao‐Zhu , Zhang Xiaojie
Published: October 2020

Methamphetamine (MA) is a potent stimulant and notoriously addictive. Individuals respond to MA effects differently and thus have a varying susceptible risk of developing MA use disorder. Cumulative evidence has indicated that gut dysbiosis contributes to behavioral response to drug effects. However, the role of gut microbiota in the susceptible risk of developing MA use disorder has remained elusive. Using an MA‐induced conditioned place preference (CPP) rat model, we administrated the same dose of MA to rats, which then showed distinct preferences in drug‐related place, indicating their different responses to MA. From all of the MA‐exposed rats, the eight with the highest CPP scores were labeled as group high CPP (H‐CPP), and the eight with the lowest were labeled as group low CPP (L‐CPP). By 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing, we found that the gut microbiota compositions differed between H‐CPP and L‐CPP. Specifically, Akkermansia was significantly higher in H‐CPP and positively correlated with the CPP scores. Notably, H‐CPP and L‐CPP differed in the gut microbiota composition prior to the CPP training; Ruminococcus was the dominant phylotype in H‐CPP at baseline. More importantly, rats pretreated by antibiotics showed a significantly stronger MA‐induced CPP than did the controls. Our study demonstrates that the gut dysbiosis was associated with the MA‐induced CPP, indicating that the gut microbiota might be important modulators for MA‐induced behavior and vulnerability to MA use disorder.
Evaluation of resin sealer penetration of dentin following different final rinses for endodontic irrigation using confocal laser scanning microscopy
Authors: Abusteit Omar E.
Published: October 2020

The aim of the study was to assess the depth of sealer penetration into dentinal tubules following different final rinses and indirectly evaluate precipitation of irrigating solutions. Methods: 52 extracted maxillary incisors were prepared to size 40/04 with 6% sodium hypochlorite irrigating solution. Following power analysis, teeth were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 13) according to final rinse. Group 1 – 17% EDTA, Saline and 2% Chlorhexidine solution; Group 2 – SmearOFF™; Group 3 – Qmix®; and Group 4 – saline control. Obturation was performed with gutta percha and resin sealer mixed with rhodamine‐B‐isothiocyanate dye using warm vertical compaction. Teeth were sectioned into apical, middle, and coronal thirds using Buehler diamond saw at 3, 6 and 9 mm from the apex. Sections were examined under confocal laser scanning microscopy, and images were exported to Image J software to measure the maximum depth of sealer penetration circumferentially. Data were analysed using a generalised linear model and post hoc multiple comparisons with significance set at P < 0.05. Group 3 had the highest depth of penetration. There were statistically significant differences between Groups 2 and 3 and control for all sections, Group 1 and control in apical section only. Conclusion: Recently developed final rinses produced higher sealer penetration and more patent dentinal tubules than using EDTA and chlorhexidine sequentially.
Perineal trauma management and follow‐up: Are we meeting the standard of care?
Authors: Peiris‐John Roshini , Park Chan Yoo (Michelle) , Wells Susan , Kool Bridget , Wise Michelle R.
Published: October 2020

Background

Birth‐related third‐ and fourth‐degree perineal trauma is common and associated with short‐ and long‐term complications.

Aim

To conduct a review of clinical audits investigating management of women with perineal trauma.

Materials and Methods

We identified all audits undertaken in eight New Zealand public hospitals between 2005 and 2014 that investigated whether women with birth‐related third‐ and fourth‐degree perineal trauma were receiving care according to clinical guidelines. We aggregated audit results and calculated the proportion of women receiving the recommended standard of care.

Results

During the review period, 25 audits investigated intra‐operative (n = 11), post‐operative (n = 14) and outpatient care (n = 18). Baseline audits showed variation in care by site; intra‐operative care (range 39–96% for repair conducted under anaesthesia, 60–96% for repair by or under supervision of a senior clinician, and 33–54% for completion of Accident Compensation Corporation forms); post‐operative care (range 40–93% for prescribed antibiotics and 33–96% for stool softeners) and outpatient care (45–84% for referral to outpatient clinic and 54–78% for physiotherapy follow‐up). Sustained high quality of care and improvements in adherence with recommendations were seen for most of the follow‐up audits (eg 90% adherence for prescribed stool softeners over three audits; over 50% increase in prescribed antibiotics over seven years).

Conclusions

These clinical audits exemplify the need to measure patient care against standards, learn from the findings, implement changes to improve patient experience and reduce life‐long sequelae from perineal trauma. This review showed some progress in some care services and highlighted where further changes are needed to close evidence‐practice gaps.
Interdependent happiness across age in Costa Rica, Japan, and the Netherlands
Authors: Hitokoto Hidefumi , Takahashi Yoshiaki
Published: October 2020

Age‐related patterns of interdependent happiness were compared across general adult samples from Costa Rica, Japan, and the Netherlands using surveys. Interdependent happiness is the individual perception of one’s degree of interpersonal harmony, quiescence, and ordinariness. Based on the available evidence concerning age‐related changes in well‐being, the authors predicted and found that interdependent happiness is positively correlated with age in Costa Rica and Japan, but not in the Netherlands. The cultural meaning of happiness and its life‐long nourishment are discussed.
Treatment patterns and outcomes among mantle cell lymphoma patients treated with ibrutinib in the United States: a retrospective electronic medical record database and chart review study
Authors: Sharman Jeff , Kabadi Shaum M. , Clark Jamyia , Andorsky David
Published: October 2020

The experience of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) in community oncology practices, including reasons for treatment discontinuation, is sparse. This retrospective study sought to elucidate treatment patterns and outcomes of patients with MCL treated with ibrutinib in the community setting. Patients were identified from the US Oncology Network electronic medical records database, iKnowMedTM, between 1 November 2013 and 31 October 2016. Descriptive analysis was performed to describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of the population. Kaplan–Meier estimates were performed to determine clinical outcomes. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to identify predictors of survival. Of the 1914 patients identified with MCL, 159 were treated with ibrutinib. The median age was 71 years and the majority were male (76%) and Caucasian (89%). The overall discontinuation rate was 83·6%; the most common reasons were progression (35%) and toxicities (25·6%). The median overall survival and progression‐free survival was 25·82 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 19·94, NR) and 19·55 months (95% CI 16·52, 24·28) respectively. In multivariate modelling, patient age was predictive of survival (hazard ratio 1·041, P = 0·0186). Ibrutinib was temporarily reduced in 16·4% (n = 26) and held in 30·2% (n = 48), primarily due to toxicity 66·7% (n = 32). Survival data showed similarities between community oncology practices and clinical trials.
Novel prognostic scoring system for autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation in multiple myeloma
Authors: Dhakal Binod , D’Souza Anita , Callander Natalie , Chhabra Saurabh , Fraser Raphael , Davila Omar , Anderson Kenneth , Assal Amer , Badawy Sherif M. , Berdeja Jesus , Cerny Jan , Comenzo Raymond , Chakraborty Rajshekhar , Peter Gale Robert , Kamble Rammurti , Kharfan‐Dabaja Mohamed A. , Krem Maxwell , Ganguly Siddhartha , Janakiram Murali , Kansagra Ankit , Munker Reinhold , Murthy Hemant , Patel Sagar , Kumar Shaji , Shah Nina , Qazilbash Muzaffar , Hari Parameswaran
Published: October 2020

We studied 2,528 patients with upfront autologous haematopoietic cell transplantation (AHCT) for multiple myeloma (MM) from 2008–2017 to develop a prognostic model to predict outcomes. High‐risk cytogenetics included t(4;14), t(14;16), t(14;20), del13q on karyotype, del17p, +1q or 1pdel. A Cox model identified factors prognostic of progression/relapse in a training subset (n = 1,246). A weighted score using these factors was assigned to a validation cohort (n = 774). Presence of high‐risk cytogenetics [hazard ratio, (HR) 1·68 (1·3–2·17)] and pre‐AHCT bone marrow plasma cells (BMPCs) ≥10% [1·68 (1·33–2·12)] were assigned 4 points each; albumin at diagnosis <3·5 g/dl [1·31 (1·07–1·61)] 2; standard risk cytogenetics 1, and no cytogenetics abnormality, BMPCs <10% at AHCT and albumin ≥3·5 g/dl at diagnosis 0 points each. A three‐category system with low risk (0–3), intermediate risk (4–8) and high risk (9–10) showed 3‐year progression‐free survival in the low vs. intermediate vs. high risk of 58% (95% CI: 52–63) vs. 49% (95% CI: 43–56) vs. 31% (95% CI: 12–51), P < 0.001 respectively, and 3‐year OS in low vs. intermediate vs. high risk of 88% (95% CI: 84–91) vs. 81% (95% CI: 76–86) vs. 64% (95% CI: 39–80); P < 0·001. Our prognostic scoring system can identify MM patients at risk for early relapse after AHCT.
Clinical application of a phenotype‐based NGS panel for differential diagnosis of inherited kidney disease and beyond
Authors: Oh Jiyoung , Shin Jae Il , Lee Keumwha , Lee CheolHo , Ko Younhee , Lee Jin‐Sung
Published: October 2020

Understanding the genetic causes of kidney disease is essential for accurate diagnosis and could lead to improved therapeutic strategies and prognosis. To accurately and promptly identify the genetic background of kidney diseases, we applied a targeted next‐generation sequencing gene panel including 203 genes associated with kidney disease, as well as diseases originating in other organs with mimicking symptoms of kidney disease, to analyze 51 patients with nonspecific nephrogenic symptoms, followed by validation of its efficacy as a diagnostic tool. We simultaneously screened for copy number variants (CNVs) in each patient to obtain a higher diagnostic yield (molecular diagnostic rate: 39.2%). Notably, one patient suspected of having Bartter syndrome presented with chloride‐secreting diarrhea attributable to homozygous SLC26A3 variants. Additionally, in eight patients, NGS confirmed the genetic causes of undefined kidney diseases (8/20, 40%), and initial clinical impression and molecular diagnosis were matched in 11 patients (11/20, 55%). Moreover, we found seven novel pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants in PKD1, PKHD1, COL4A3, and SLC12A1 genes, with a possible pathogenic variant in COL4A3 (c.1229G>A) identified in two unrelated patients. These results suggest that targeted NGS‐panel testing performed with CNV analysis might be advantageous for noninvasive and comprehensive diagnosis of suspected genetic kidney diseases.
Facilitators and barriers to integrating physical health care during treatment for substance use: A socio‐ecological analysis
Authors: Osborne Briony , Kelly Peter J. , Robinson Laura D. , Ivers Rowena , Deane Frank P. , Larance Briony
Published: October 2020

Introduction and Aims

Clinical practice guidelines recommend physical health be addressed when treating substance use disorders. Yet, the integration of alcohol and other drug (AOD) treatment and physical health care is seldom actualised. This is particularly the case in the non‐government sector. Using the socio‐ecological model as a framework, this study aimed to examine the facilitators and barriers to integrating physical health in non‐government AOD services.

Design and Methods

Interviews were conducted with residential and outpatient AOD services across New South Wales, Australia. Qualitative data were collected from service users (n = 20) and clinicians (n = 13). Interview data were transcribed then systematically coded and analysed using iterative categorisation.

Results

Most staff recognised physical health care as a fundamental component of treatment for substance use even when there were personal, professional and structural barriers for doing so. Service users reported a diverse range of health and social benefits when physical health care was incorporated in to AOD treatment. An exception to this was some negative experiences with health‐care providers that were not identified by staff.

Discussion and Conclusions

Findings highlight the importance of developing resources to enhance the health literacy and capacity of non‐government AOD services to address the physical health of clients. Given some clients reported negative experiences with health‐care providers that were not identified by staff, services should seek regular feedback from clients regarding their experiences with external providers. The effectiveness of existing and new physical health initiatives within non‐government organisation AOD services needs more formal evaluation.
The Proclamation of Charles H. Long in the Time of Black Lives Matter, Standing Rock, and COVID‐19
Authors: Jefferson‐Tatum Elana
Published: October 2020

Revisiting Charles H. Long's 1991 proclamation of a modern crisis of materiality, this essay examines Long's theorization of the fetish‐commodity legacies, that recreated African persons into objects and commodities, as a means of understanding our present tripartite pandemic of systemic racism, environmental destruction, and COVID‐19. Examining the period of, what Long elsewhere terms, the “second creation,” I interrogate what this crisis means for the study of religion and for our society today. Building on Long's conception of “soul stuff” and yet moving beyond notions of human exceptionalism, I argue that to move beyond fetish and colonial legacies and realize a “third creation” (or, in other words, a (re‐)re‐creation), both scholars and the public must craft a new materialism that honors the ontological reality and value of all existence.
Dynamics of nest occupation and homing of solitary bees in painted trap nests
Authors: Boff Samuel , Friedel Anna
Published: October 2020

1. The oil‐collecting bee Centris analis (Fabricius, 1804) is an important pollinator for the Neotropical region. The species can be attracted to nest in human‐made cavities. Such trap nests or insect hotels offer the opportunity to study the behaviour of populations in semifield conditions.

2. We studied a newly established trap nest aggregation of C. analis in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil and tested the effect that differentially painted nesting options have on the rate of nest foundation, and on the ability of relocating the nest when returning from a foraging trip (homing behaviour). Moreover, we tested if the duration of foraging trips decreased with time.

3. We found that females preferred to nest in painted nests compared to unpainted nests, with blue nests being the most occupied ones, followed by purple, yellow, white, and green. Furthermore, bees improved their homing behaviour with time, however, nest colour did not seem to have an effect on this process. Moreover, we found that bees reduce the duration of their foraging trips with time. This could be an indicator of improved foraging efficiency through learning.

4. These findings could inform a new and fruitful line of research on the behaviour and ecology of trap nesting solitary bees.
Wanting and willing
Authors: Marcus Eric
Published: October 2020

How homogenous are the sources of human motivation? Textbook Humeans hold that every human action is motivated by desire, thus any heterogeneity derives from differing objects of desire. Textbook Kantians hold that although some human actions are motivated by desire, others are motivated by reason. One question in this vicinity concerns whether there are states such that to be in one is at once take the world to be a certain way and to be motivated to act: the state question. My question here is different: whether passion and reason constitute distinct sources of human motivation: the source question. In this essay, I defend an affirmative answer to the source question while remaining neutral on the state question. I distinguish between what I call orectic desires, which are associated with the appetites, and anorectic desires, which are associated with judgments of the good. I argue that the two sorts of desires constitute distinct sources of motivation initially on the basis of their differing epistemological profiles. Specifically, self‐attributions of anorectic desires are governed by the transparency condition; self‐attributions of orectic desires are not. It emerges from this discussion that the motivation for performing an action arises in very different ways from each sort of desire.
Trial witnesses, social hierarchies, and state building in the Visigothic kingdom of Toledo
Authors: Fernández Damián
Published: October 2020

Visigothic laws on who was allowed to testify in judicial trials followed Roman models, including restrictions based on birth and social reputation, and the loss of the right to testify as a result of infamia. This article argues that, far from simply reproducing Roman court practice, Visigothic legislation on the right to bear witness served two purposes. First, the microeconomy of witness selection and the forfeiture of the right to testify in court gave the monarchy a powerful tool to sanction otherwise elusive parameters of social standing. This in turn facilitated the administration of justice in a society that had abandoned late Roman rank–based hierarchies.
Bleeding of unknown cause and unclassified bleeding disorders; diagnosis, pathophysiology and management
Authors: Thomas Will , Downes Kate , Desborough Michael J. R.
Published: October 2020

Bleeding of unknown cause (BUC), also known as unclassified bleeding disorders (UBD), has been defined as a clear bleeding tendency in the presence of normal haemostatic tests. There are challenges in the diagnosis and management of these patients. BUC/UBD encompasses a heterogenous group of disorders which may include undiagnosed rare monogenic diseases, polygenic reasons for bleeding; and patients without a clear bleeding disorder but with a previous bleeding event. Nevertheless, these patients may have heavy menstrual bleeding or be at risk of bleeding when undergoing surgical procedures, or childbirth; optimizing haemostasis and establishing a mode of inheritance is important to minimize morbidity. The bleeding score has been used to clinically assess and describe these patients, but its value remains uncertain. In addition, accurate distinction between normal and pathological bleeding remains difficult. Several studies have investigated cohorts of these patients using research haemostasis tests, including thrombin generation and fibrinolytic assays, yet no clear characteristics have consistently emerged. Thus far, detailed genetic analysis of these patients has not been fruitful in unravelling the cause of bleeding. There is a need for standardization of diagnosis and management guidelines for these patients. This review gives an overview of this field with some suggestions for future research.
Patient satisfaction with US Hemophilia Treatment Center Care, Teams and Services: The First National Survey
Authors: Riske Brenda , Shearer Rick , Baker Judith R.
Published: October 2020

Introduction

Patient satisfaction with health care is a key quality metric, associated with adherence and better outcomes. However, satisfaction with US Hemophilia Treatment Centers (HTC) is unknown.

Aim

To assess patient satisfaction with US Hemophilia Treatment Centers.

Methods

A nationally uniform survey was conducted using the US HTC Network's regional infrastructure. Satisfaction with multidisciplinary team members, services and care processes was assessed. The anonymous survey, in English and Spanish, was disseminated to 28 289 households. Data were aggregated using 4 standard US Census regions.

Results

5006 individuals (17.7%) who obtained care from 133 (96.4%) of 138 HTCs in 2014 responded. Satisfaction with overall HTC care at ‘always’ or ‘usually’ (A/U) levels ranged 94.2%‐97.9% regardless of patient gender, age, race, ethnicity, language, diagnosis, severity, region or frequency of HTC contact. A/U satisfaction with HTC haematologist, nurse, social worker or physical therapist, individually, ranged 95.1%‐97.3% nationally. A/U satisfaction with three HTC services was 89.5%‐96.9% and 94.9%‐98.0% for five HTC care processes nationally. Regional satisfaction at A/U levels was at least 87.0%. Nationally, 26.4% and 21.2% rated insurance and language, respectively, as A/U problems in getting needed HTC services.

Conclusion

Patient satisfaction with US Hemophilia Treatment Center care, multi‐disciplinary teams, services and processes was consistently high, documenting the value patients place on HTCs. The successful survey administration demonstrates the capability of the Network's regional infrastructure. Access to the US HTC Network is particularly critical to ongoing health in this new era of novel and gene therapies.
Issues with deprescribing in haemodialysis: a qualitative study of patient and provider experiences
Authors: Bondurant-David Kaitlin , Dang Sébastien , Levy Shirel , Sperlea David , Vanier Marie-Claude , Gerardi Savannah , David Pierre-Marie
Published: October 2020

Rationale, aims and objectives

Patients undergoing haemodialysis receive on average 10–17 medications, which increase the risk of falls, adverse drug reactions and hospitalizations. Supervised discontinuation of potentially inappropriate medications may lower these risks. Although many calls have been made for deprescribing in the haemodialysis setting, little is known about how patients and providers in this setting experience it. The aim of this study is to explore patient and provider experiences and perceptions of one of the rare deprescribing intervention in haemodialysis.

Methods

Ten semi-structured interviews were held with patients, and a focus group was done with dialysis clinic team members at a Montreal area health network’s haemodialysis clinic after the implementation of a standardized deprescribing intervention using the patient-as-partner approach. The interviews and focus group were recorded, and verbatims were coded to determine emerging themes. Grounded theory was used for interview guide design and data analysis.

Results

The three emerging themes were (1) ambivalence towards medication creating a favourable context for deprescribing, (2) the empowering elements of the deprescribing process and (3) the uncertain future of deprescribing in the clinics even though the intervention was considered successful.

Conclusion

Haemodialysis patients and providers viewed deprescribing favourably, believed the intervention was valuable, and offered suggestions for long term implementation while expressing concerns about feasibility. Notwithstanding the underlying uncertainties, a structured and integrated approach in routine practice involving all members of the care team may facilitate the continuity of deprescribing as an intervention in the setting of a haemodialysis clinic.
IGF2BP3 facilitates cell proliferation and tumorigenesis via modulation of JAK/STAT signalling pathway in human bladder cancer
Authors: Huang Wei , Li Yuanyuan , Zhang Cheng , Zha Huihai , Zhou Xiaocheng , Fu Bin , Guo Ju , Wang Gongxian
Published: October 2020

Insulin‐like growth factor‐2 messenger RNA‐binding protein 3 (IGF2BP3) has been reported to contribute to tumorigenesis in several human cancers. However, the biological functions of IGF2BP3 in bladder cancer are poorly understood. We investigated the relation between IGF2BP3 expression and prognosis of bladder cancer patients. Cell proliferation, cell cycle and cell apoptosis assays were performed to assess IGF2BP3 functions. The results showed that IGF2BP3 was overexpressed in bladder cancer tissues compared with that in normal bladder tissues, and its higher expression was closely correlated with poor prognosis in bladder cancer patients. Overexpression of IGF2BP3 markedly promoted cell proliferation and cell cycle progression and inhibited cell apoptosis, while knockdown of IGF2BP3 notably suppressed the proliferation, promoted cell apoptosis and induced cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase. Mechanistically, we revealed that IGF2BP3 promotes the activation of the JAK/STAT pathway in bladder cancer cells. Moreover, the JAK/STAT inhibitor dramatically blocked the tumour‐promoting activity of IGF2BP3. Tumour growth in vivo was also suppressed by knocking down of IGF2BP3. Hence, IGF2BP3 facilitated bladder cancer cell proliferation by activating the JAK/STAT signalling pathway. These findings suggest that IGF2BP3 exhibits an oncogenic effect in human bladder cancer progression.
Methods to improve quality of life, beyond medicines. Position statement of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology Task Force on Quality of Life and Patient Oriented Outcomes
Authors: Finlay A.Y. , Chernyshov P.V. , Tomas Aragones L. , Bewley A. , Svensson A. , Manolache L. , Marron S. , Suru A. , Sampogna F. , Salek M.S. , Poot F.
Published: October 2020

The pharmaceutical approach to skin disease has been hugely successful, but despite effective drugs being available and used, there are still vast numbers of people who continue to have some level of persisting skin disease and continue to experience quality of life (QoL) impairment. So the question that needs to be answered, while we await further advances in our drug‐based armamentarium, is how can we improve patients’ QoL, beyond drugs? A working group was formed from members of the EADV Task Force on QoL and Patient Oriented Outcomes. Participants were asked to suggest all the ways in which they considered patients’ QoL may be improved beyond medicines. Four groups of management approaches that may improve QoL in dermatology were identified: interventions within the dermatology service (hospitalization, multidisciplinary teams, patch testing and establishing relevant allergens and education), external services (corrective make‐up, climatotherapy and balneotherapy), psychological (psychological intervention, cognitive therapy, hypnosis), lifestyle (lifestyle behavioural changes, religion and spirituality and music). The ultimate aim of therapy is to eradicate a disease in an individual and return the person’s life to normal. But until the day comes when this has been achieved for every skin disease and for every patient there will be a need to support and assist many patients in additional non‐pharmaceutical ways. These ‘adjuvant’ approaches receive too little attention while dermatologists and researchers strive for better pharmacological therapy. The different ways in which patients may benefit have been reviewed in our paper, but the reality is that most have a very poor evidence base. The research challenges that we have to meet are to identify those approaches that might be of value and to provide evidence for their optimal use. In the meantime, clinicians should consider the use of these approaches where QoL remains impaired despite optimal use of standard therapy.
Acute physical exercise increases PI3K‐p110α protein content in the hypothalamus of obese mice
Authors: Gaspar Rafael C. , Nakandakari Susana C. B. R. , Muñoz Vitor R. , Vieira Renan F. L. , da Silva Adelino S. R. , Cintra Dennys E. , de Moura Leandro P. , Ropelle Eduardo R. , Pauli José Rodrigo
Published: October 2020

The anatomy of the hypothalamus includes many nuclei and a complex network of neurocircuits. In this context, some hypothalamic nuclei reside closer to the blood‐brain barrier, allowing communication with the peripheral organs through some molecules, such as leptin. Leptin is considered the main adipokine for energy homeostasis control. Furthermore, leptin signalling in the hypothalamus can communicate with insulin signalling through the activation of phosphoinositide 3‐kinase (PI3k). Previous data suggest that isoforms of PI3k are necessary to mediate insulin action in the hypothalamus. However, obese animals show impairment in the central signalling of these hormones. Thus, in the current study, we evaluated the role of acute exercise in the leptin and insulin pathways in the hypothalamus, as well as in food intake control in obese mice. Although acute physical exercise was not able to modulate leptin signalling, this protocol suppressed the increase in the suppressor of cytokine signalling 3 (SOCS3) protein levels. In addition, acute exercise increased the content of PI3k‐p110α protein in the hypothalamus. The exercised animals showed a strong tendency to reduction in cumulative food intake. For the first time, our results indicate physical exercise can increase PI3k‐p110α protein content in the hypothalamus of obese mice and regulate food intake.
A simple nearly unbiased estimator of cross‐covariances
Authors: Li Yifan , Rao Yao
Published: October 2020

In this article, we propose a simple estimator of cross‐covariance matrices for a multi‐variate time series with an unknown mean based on a linear combination of the circular sample cross‐covariance estimator. Our estimator is exactly unbiased when the data generating process follows a vector moving average (VMA) model with an order less than one half of the sampling period, and is nearly unbiased if such VMA model can approximate the data generating process well. In addition, our estimator is shown to be asymptotically equivalent to the conventional sample cross‐covariance estimator. Via simulation, we show that the proposed estimator can to a large extent eliminate the finite sample bias of cross‐covariance estimates, while not necessarily increase the mean squared error.
Believing in Neuromyths Makes Neither a Bad Nor Good Student‐Teacher: The Relationship between Neuromyths and Academic Achievement in Teacher Education
Authors: Krammer Georg , Vogel Stephan E. , Grabner Roland H.
Published: October 2020

Neuromyths have been discussed to detrimentally affect educational practice, but the evidence for this assumption is still very scarce. We investigated whether 255 student‐teacher' beliefs in neuromyths are related to their academic achievement (overall grade point averages and first‐year practical courses). Believing or rejecting neuromyths that make no direct assumptions about learners' educability was not related to academic achievement. Believing in neuromyths that explicitly deny the educability of learners was only marginally related to academic achievement. We conclude that self‐reported beliefs in neuromyths do not differentiate between high‐ and low‐achieving initial teacher education students.
Variability and trends over time and across centres in haemodialysis weekly duration in Australia and New Zealand
Authors: Ethier Isabelle , Cho Yeoungjee , Davies Christopher E. , Hawley Carmel M. , Campbell Scott B. , Isbel Nicole M. , Pascoe Elaine M. , Polkinghorne Kevan R. , Roberts Matthew , See Emily J. , Semple David , van Eps Carolyn , Viecelli Andrea K. , Johnson David W.
Published: October 2020

Aim

Haemodialysis treatment prescription varies widely internationally. This study explored patient‐ and centre‐level characteristics associated with weekly haemodialysis hours.

Methods

Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant (ANZDATA) Registry data were analysed. Characteristics associated with weekly duration were evaluated using mixed‐effects linear regression models with patient‐ and centre‐level covariates as fixed effects, and dialysis centre and state as random effects using the 2017 prevalent in‐centre haemodialysis (ICHD) and home haemodialysis (HHD) cohorts. Evaluation of patterns of weekly duration over time analysed the 2000 to 2017 incident ICHD and HHD cohorts.

Results

Overall, 12 494 ICHD and 1493 HHD prevalent patients in 2017 were included. Median weekly treatment duration was 13.5 (interquartile range [IQR] 12‐15) hours for ICHD and 16 (IQR 15‐20) hours for HHD. Male sex, younger age, higher body mass index, arteriovenous fistula/graft use, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander ethnicity and longer dialysis vintage were associated with longer weekly duration for both ICHD and HHD. No centre characteristics were associated with duration. Variability in duration across centres was very limited in ICHD compared with HHD, with variation in HHD being associated with state. Duration did not vary significantly over time for ICHD, whereas longer weekly HHD treatments were reported between 2006 and 2012 compared with before and after this period.

Conclusion

This study in the Australian and New Zealand haemodialysis population showed that weekly duration was primarily associated with patient characteristics. No centre effect was demonstrated. Practice patterns seemed to differ across states/countries, with more variability in HHD than ICHD.
First record of the genus Basananthe for Oman
Authors: Patzelt Annette , Al Hatmi Saif
Published: October 2020

Basananthe berberoides, previously known only from a few collections from Yemen and East Africa, is newly reported from Oman. The new distribution record represents the easternmost known for the genus. A map of the distribution of Basananthe berberoides is presented. Habitat information and population details of Basananthe berberoides in Oman and an assessment of its national conservation status are provided.
Exploring intraspecific variation in migratory destinations to investigate the drivers of migration
Authors: Bonnet‐Lebrun Anne‐Sophie , Somveille Marius , Rodrigues Ana S. L. , Manica Andrea
Published: October 2020

Various benefits (e.g. tracking of resources and of climate niche) and costs (e.g. distance travelled) are hypothesized to drive seasonal animal migrations. Until now, these potential factors have been investigated together at the species level, but migratory movements are made at the individual level, leading to intraspecific variability. Here, we use ringing/recovery data from 1308 individuals belonging to thirteen North American bird species to analyse patterns in intraspecific variability of migratory destinations in order to investigate which factors underpin bird migration and how individuals trade‐off among multiple factors. Our results suggest that migratory destinations have been shaped by access to resources (most important during the breeding season) and climatic niche tracking (during winter, mostly). However, the benefits of resource surpluses and climate niche tracking appear to be traded off against the cost of migratory distance, which seems to strongly constrain where individuals migrate.
Limits to compensatory responses to altered phenology in amphibian larvae
Authors: Burraco Pablo , Laurila Anssi , Orizaola Germán
Published: October 2020

Changes in phenology are among the most pervasive effects of current climate change. Modifications in the timing of life‐cycle events can affect the behavior, physiology and life‐history of wildlife. However, organisms can develop compensatory strategies in order to reduce the costs of phenological alterations. Here, we examine the extent and limits of compensatory developmental responses in amphibian larvae exposed to variation in hatching timing. Using a common‐garden experiment, we analyze how changes in temperature and food conditions alter compensatory responses to hatching delay, paying particular attention at how adverse environmental conditions can constrain these responses. We found that under benign conditions (warm temperature, unrestricted food) larvae fully compensate for the hatching delay, without cost in mass. However, under detrimental conditions (cold temperature and restricted food) these responses were prevented, and the combination of adverse conditions with long hatching delay completely disrupt compensatory responses. This study highlights the need of examining ecological responses to climate variation across a broad spectrum of environmental conditions in order to accurately predict the putative effect that climatic alterations can have on the life‐histories and survival of wildlife.