bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aging Degrades the Neural Encoding of Simple and Complex Sounds in the Human Brainstem
Authors: Clinard Christopher G. , Tremblay Kelly L.
Published: September 2013

Background:Older adults, with or without normal peripheral hearing sensitivity, have difficulty understanding speech. This impaired speech perception may, in part, be due to desynchronization affecting the neural representation of acoustic features. Here we determine if phase-locked
neural activity generating the brainstem frequency-following response (FFR) exhibits age-related desynchronization and how this degradation affects the neural representation of simple and complex sounds.Purpose:The objectives of this study were to (1) characterize the effects of age
on the neural representation of simple tones and complex consonant-vowel stimuli, (2) determine if sustained and transient components of the FFR are differentially affected by age, and (3) determine if the inability to encode a simple signal predicts degradation in representation for complex
speech signals.Research Design:CorrelationalStudy Sample:Thirty four adults (aged 22‐77 yr) with hearing thresholds falling within normal limits.Data Collection and Analysis:Stimuli used to evoke FFRs were 1000 Hz tone bursts as well as a consonant-vowel /da/ sound.Results:The
neural representation of simple (tone) and complex (/da/) stimuli declines with advancing age. Tone-FFR phase coherence decreased as chronological age increased. For the consonant-vowel FFRs, transient onset and offset response amplitudes were smaller, and offset responses were delayed with
age. Sustained responses at the onset of vowel periodicity were prolonged in latency and smaller in amplitude as age increased. FFT amplitude of the consonant-vowel FFR fundamental frequency did not significantly decline with increasing age. The ability to encode a simple signal was related
to degradation in the neural representation of a complex, speechlike sound. Tone-FFR phase coherence was significantly related to the later vowel response components but not the earlier vowel components.Conclusions:FFR components representing the tone and consonant-vowel /da/ stimulus
were negatively affected by age, showing age-related reductions in response synchrony and amplitude, as well as prolonged latencies. These aging effects were evident in middle age, even in the absence of significant hearing loss.
Treatment of Objective and Subjective Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo
Authors: Huebner Alexandra C. , Lytle Susan R. , Doettl Steven M. , Plyler Patrick N. , Thelin James T.
Published: September 2013

Background:Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is the most common cause of vertigo in adults and is a result of otolithic particles or debris that become free floating within a semicircular canal or adhere to the cupula. Characteristics of BPPV include brief episodes
of latent onset vertigo that occur with changes in head position, transient rotary nystagmus beating toward the dependent ear, and reversed nystagmus upon sitting up. Both the vertigo and nystagmus fatigue quickly while maintaining the same head position. The BPPV may be classified as objective
or subjective. Objective BPPV presents all the aforementioned symptoms whereas subjective BPPV presents all the symptoms without nystagmus. The accepted method of treatment for objective BPPV is canalith repositioning maneuvers (CRM); however, CRM are not traditionally used as the method of
treatment for cases of subjective BPPV.Purpose:The purpose of the study was to determine if the subjective report of dizziness using the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) was different in patients with objective and subjective BPPV and to determine if the two groups showed similar
improvements in perceived dizziness handicap following CRM treatment.Research Design:The present study utilized a retrospective, repeated measures design.Study Sample:Sixty-three adults with BPPV that were given the DHI both before and after CRM treatment.Data Collection and
Analysis:Pre and post DHI results were analyzed for participants with objective versus subjective BPPV. A five-question DHI subscale was also analyzed between the groups.Results:A significant difference was noted between initial and posttreatment DHI scores for patients in both
the subjective and objective groups when using the full-scale and subscale DHI. No significant difference was noted between groups for their initial or posttreatment DHI scores. The two groups also did not differ significantly in their initial or posttreatment DHI subscale scores.Conclusions:The
results of the study indicated that individuals with both objective and subjective BPPV demonstrated significant improvement in DHI scores following CRM treatment. Additionally, there was no difference in DHI improvement for the subjective versus objective group suggesting CRM are effective
for both subjective BPPV and objective BPPV. This improvement in DHI scores was also noted in the five-question DHI subscale with no significant difference noted between groups. These findings combined with previous studies suggest the presence or absence of nystagmus during Dix-Hallpike maneuvers
is not related to the effectiveness of treatment using CRM.
La Haute Instance et les élections en Tunisie : du consensus au « pacte politique » ?
Authors: Lieckefett Michael
Published: September 2013

L’article s’intéresse au rôle joué en Tunisie par la « Haute Instance pour la réalisation des objectifs de la révolution, la réforme politique et la transition démocratique », chargée entre mars et octobre 2011 d’organiser le « passage de la révolution aux élections » de l’Assemblée Nationale Constituante. Rassemblant 155 représentants de divers partis, syndicats, organisations, professions ou régions du pays, elle intervient directement dans la préparation du moment électoral à travers la préparation de la loi électorale et élit et organise l’Instance supérieure indépendante pour les élections (ISIE). À ce titre, elle offre un poste d’observation remarquable des tensions au sein des mouvements sociaux qui nourrirent les premières phases de la révolution et la politique des urnes qui suivit.
Jardins collectifs urbains : leviers vers la transition ?
Authors: Den Hartigh Cyrielle
Published: September 2013

Si planter restaurait le lien social et rendait heureux ? Apparemment rien de moins « social » que de s’adresser aux plantes. Pourtant l’expérience des jardins partagés atteste une nouvelle fois que le faire est parfois plus efficace que les paroles pour générer le bien commun, certes modeste, certes local, mais ne faut-il pas commencer quelque part pour construire le monde de demain ?
Reprises d'entreprises
Authors: Cottin-Marx Simon , Flipo Fabrice , Longérinas François , Quijoux Maxime
Published: September 2013

Pour cette table ronde, Maxime Quijoux, sociologue post-doctorant à l’IDHE ENS Cachan, présente deux exemples emblématiques de reprises d’entreprises en Argentine, celles de Brukman et Zanon 1 . De son côté, François Longérinas, journaliste, président de l’École des métiers de l’information (coopérative de formation professionnelle), nous présente la lutte des Fralib qu’il continue d’accompagner 2 . Ces luttes nées de la crise économique montrent le processus de conscientisation des salariés qui les a amenés au choix de prendre en main la production pour sauvegarder leurs emplois. Aux débats sur l’autogestion et la répartition des bénéfices, historiquement présents dans le mouvement ouvrier, semble poindre de nouvelles préoccupations : celle de la finalité de la production et la question écologique.
Écologie sociale et transition
Authors: Lagneau Antoine
Published: September 2013

Le projet de la transition emprunte beaucoup à l’écologie sociale, notamment dans son approche de la gouvernance, de son échelle d’action essentiellement locale ou encore dans son analyse de la crise sociale et environnementale. Militant et essayiste américain, Murray Bookchin 1 , décédé en 2006, est considéré comme le fondateur de l’écologie sociale. À travers cet entretien avec Vincent Gerber, auteur du livre Murray Bookchin et l’écologie sociale et animateur du site internet EcologieSociale.ch , Mouvements propose de découvrir une pensée largement méconnue en France et de confronter la transition à une écologie radicale.
Dans les débats publics, l'art d'être l'empêcheur de tourner en rond
Authors: Le Saux Gildas
Published: September 2013

Avec le lancement en 2008 d’un scénario de sortie du nucléaire et de lutte contre le dérèglement climatique, l’association Virage-énergie Nord-Pas-de-Calais a souhaité s’inviter dans le débat énergétique. Six années après, et quelque 200 interventions auprès des décideurs et citoyens régionaux, qu’en est-il ? Peu considérée à ses débuts par les institutions publiques, du fait notamment de son objet antinucléaire, l’association a pu progressivement exposer son point de vue et ses idées, à défaut de les imposer, auprès des élus et techniciens responsables des politiques publiques.
Activity Theory to Guide Online Collaborative Learning Instructional Design
Authors: Yusoff Siti Rosni Mohamad , Zin Nor Azan Mat
Published: September 2013

Learning Management Systems (LMS) are facing challenges to improve its traditional focus on individual learning towards social learning. Despite the great success in distributing learning materials and managing students, the availability of the read and write features of social networking applications had encouraged educators to move their learning spaces toward a more interactive applications. Collaborative learning builds its character from social learning, had been established as an activity that enhances students’ knowledge building, team learning and sharing of knowledge among peers. Developing online collaborative learning activity poses many challenges as this involves developing many components to support the learning environment. Therefore it is important to understand each component’s contribution to help guide students learning by themselves socially. Activity theory provides a descriptive framework to elaborate the process of the six components involved in an online collaborative knowledge building activity. This study combines quantitative and qualitative method to collect data from survey, system log and collaborative messages posted in the customised Learning Management System (LMS) called e-Kolaborasi System. Findings suggest that online collaborative learning instructions based on the LMS system were able to assist students in their online collaborative learning activities. Nevertheless the students could only abide the rules to conduct collaborative activities during two periods of time which are during their free time and after practical sessions. This response indicates the reasons as to why the students were not able to give quick feedbacks to their community members.
Lithium Attenuates IFN-β Production and Antiviral Response via Inhibition of TANK-Binding Kinase 1 Kinase Activity
Authors: Wang Lijuan , Zhang Lei , Zhao Xueying , Zhang Meng , Zhao Wei , Gao Chengjiang
Published: September 2013

Lithium salt is a widely used glycogen synthase kinase-3β inhibitor and effective drug for the treatment of psychiatric diseases. However, the effects of lithium in innate immune responses, especially in cellular antiviral responses, are unknown. In this study, we show that lithium chloride attenuates LPS-, polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid–, and Sendai virus–induced IFN-β production and IFN regulatory factor 3 activation in macrophages in a glycogen synthase kinase-3β–independent manner. The ability of the lithium to inhibit IFN-β production was confirmed in vivo, as mice treated with lithium chloride exhibited decreased levels of IFN-β upon Sendai virus infection. In vitro kinase assay demonstrates that lithium suppresses TANK-binding kinase 1 kinase activity. Consistently, lithium significantly enhanced the replication of vesicular stomatitis virus in vitro and in vivo. Severe infiltration of monocytes and tissue damage were observed in the lungs of control mice, compared with lithium-treated mice after virus infection. Our findings suggest lithium as an inhibitor of TANK-binding kinase 1 and potential target for the intervention of diseases with uncontrolled IFN-β production. Furthermore, lithium attenuates host defense to virus infection and may cause severely adverse effects in clinical applications.
The Complement Anaphylatoxin C5a Receptor Contributes to Obese Adipose Tissue Inflammation and Insulin Resistance
Authors: Phieler Julia , Chung Kyoung-Jin , Chatzigeorgiou Antonios , Klotzsche-von Ameln Anne , Garcia-Martin Ruben , Sprott David , Moisidou Maria , Tzanavari Theodora , Ludwig Barbara , Baraban Elena , Ehrhart-Bornstein Monika , Bornstein Stefan R. , Mziaut Hassan , Solimena Michele , Karalis Katia P. , Economopoulou Matina , Lambris John D. , Chavakis Triantafyllos
Published: September 2013

Obese adipose tissue (AT) inflammation contributes critically to development of insulin resistance. The complement anaphylatoxin C5a receptor (C5aR) has been implicated in inflammatory processes and as regulator of macrophage activation and polarization. However, the role of C5aR in obesity and AT inflammation has not been addressed. We engaged the model of diet-induced obesity and found that expression of C5aR was significantly upregulated in the obese AT, compared with lean AT. In addition, C5a was present in obese AT in the proximity of macrophage-rich crownlike structures. C5aR-sufficient and -deficient mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) or a normal diet (ND). C5aR deficiency was associated with increased AT weight upon ND feeding in males, but not in females, and with increased adipocyte size upon ND and HFD conditions in males. However, obese C5aR−/− mice displayed improved systemic and AT insulin sensitivity. Improved AT insulin sensitivity in C5aR−/− mice was associated with reduced accumulation of total and proinflammatory M1 macrophages in the obese AT, increased expression of IL-10, and decreased AT fibrosis. In contrast, no difference in β cell mass was observed owing to C5aR deficiency under an HFD. These results suggest that C5aR contributes to macrophage accumulation and M1 polarization in the obese AT and thereby to AT dysfunction and development of AT insulin resistance.
Inhibition of Breast Cancer Metastasis by Resveratrol-Mediated Inactivation of Tumor-Evoked Regulatory B Cells
Authors: Lee-Chang Catalina , Bodogai Monica , Martin-Montalvo Alejandro , Wejksza Katarzyna , Sanghvi Mitesh , Moaddel Ruin , de Cabo Rafael , Biragyn Arya
Published: September 2013

We reported previously that tumor-evoked regulatory B cells (tBregs) play an essential role in breast cancer lung metastasis by inducing TGF-β–dependent conversion of metastasis-promoting Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs). In this article, we show that resveratrol (RSV), a plant-derived polyphenol, at low and noncytotoxic doses for immune cells, can efficiently inhibit lung metastasis in mice. The mechanism of this process is that RSV inactivates Stat3, preventing the generation and function of tBregs, including expression of TGF-β. As a result, it frees antitumor effector immune responses by disabling tBreg-induced conversion of Foxp3+ Tregs. We propose that low doses of RSV may also benefit humans by controlling cancer escape–promoting tBregs/Tregs without nonspecific inactivation of effector immune cells.
The Roles of IRF-3 and IRF-7 in Innate Antiviral Immunity against Dengue Virus
Authors: Chen Hui-Wen , King Kevin , Tu Jui , Sanchez Marisa , Luster Andrew D. , Shresta Sujan
Published: September 2013

We investigated the roles of IFN regulatory factor (IRF)-3 and IRF-7 in innate antiviral immunity against dengue virus (DENV). Double-deficient Irf-3−/−7−/− mice infected with the DENV2 strain S221 possessed 1,000–150,000 fold higher levels of viral RNA than wild-type and single-deficient mice 24 h postinfection (hpi); however, they remained resistant to lethal infection. IFN-α/β was induced similarly in wild-type and Irf-3−/− mice post–DENV infection, whereas in the Irf-7−/− and Irf-3−/−7−/− mice, significantly low levels of IFN-α/β expression was observed within 24 hpi. IFN-stimulated gene induction was also delayed in Irf-3−/−7−/− mice relative to wild-type and single-deficient mice. In particular, Cxcl10 and Ifnα2 were rapidly induced independently of both IRF-3 and IRF-7 in the Irf-3−/−7−/− mice with DENV infection. Higher levels of serum IFN-γ, IL-6, CXCL10, IL-8, IL-12 p70, and TNF were also observed in Irf-3−/−7−/− mice 24 hpi, at which time point viral titers peaked and started to be cleared. Ab-mediated blockade experiments revealed that IFN-γ, CXCL10, and CXCR3 function to restrict DENV replication in Irf-3−/−7−/− mice. Additionally, the IFN-stimulated genes Cxcl10, Ifit1, Ifit3, and Mx2 can be induced via an IRF-3– and IRF-7–independent pathway that does not involve IFN-γ signaling for protection against DENV. Collectively, these results demonstrate that IRF-3 and IRF-7 are redundant, albeit IRF-7 plays a more important role than IRF-3 in inducing the initial IFN-α/β response; only the combined actions of IRF-3 and IRF-7 are necessary for efficient control of early DENV infection; and the late, IRF-3– and IRF-7–independent pathway contributes to anti-DENV immunity.
Anti-Human CD73 Monoclonal Antibody Inhibits Metastasis Formation in Human Breast Cancer by Inducing Clustering and Internalization of CD73 Expressed on the Surface of Cancer Cells
Authors: Terp Mikkel G. , Olesen Kristina A. , Arnspang Eva C. , Lund Rikke R. , Lagerholm B. Christoffer , Ditzel Henrik J. , Leth-Larsen Rikke
Published: September 2013

Recent studies have shown that Abs that target the cell-surface enzyme CD73 (ecto-5′-nucleotidase) reduce growth of primary tumors and metastasis in syngenic mice by inhibiting the catalytic activity of CD73, and thus increasing the activity of cytotoxic T lymphocytes. In this article, we report another anticancer mechanism of anti-CD73 Abs and show that an anti-CD73 mAb (AD2) inhibits metastasis formation by a mechanism independent of CD73 catalytic activity and inhibition of primary tumor growth. This mechanism involves clustering and internalization of CD73, but does not require cross-linking of CD73, because both whole IgG anti-CD73 AD2 mAb and Fab′ fragments thereof exhibited this effect. Ex vivo treatment of different breast cancer cell lines with anti-CD73 AD2 mAb before i.v. injection into mice inhibited extravasation/colonization of circulating tumor cells and significantly reduced metastasis development. This effect was also observed when the cancer cell-surface expression of CD73 was significantly reduced by small interfering RNA knockdown. The antimetastatic activity is epitope specific, as another Ab that efficiently binds CD73-expressing live cancer cells did not lead to CD73 internalization and metastasis inhibition. Furthermore, anti-CD73 AD2 mAb inhibited development of metastasis in a spontaneous animal model of human metastatic breast cancer. Our study shows that some anti-CD73 mAbs cause cell-surface clustering of CD73 followed by internalization, thus inhibiting the ability of circulating tumor cells to extravasate and colonize, leading to inhibition of metastasis. Ab-based CD73 cancer therapy should include a combination of Abs that target the catalytic activity of CD73, as well as those with the characteristics described in this article.
Cutting Edge: CD4 T Cells Reactive to an Islet Amyloid Polypeptide Peptide Accumulate in the Pancreas and Contribute to Disease Pathogenesis in Nonobese Diabetic Mice
Authors: Baker Rocky L. , Delong Thomas , Barbour Gene , Bradley Brenda , Nakayama Maki , Haskins Kathryn
Published: September 2013

We previously reported a peptide KS20 from islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) to be the target Ag for a highly diabetogenic CD4 T cell clone BDC-5.2.9. To track IAPP-reactive T cells in NOD mice and determine how they contribute to the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes, we designed a new I-Ag7 tetramer with high affinity for BDC-5.2.9 that contains the peptide KS20. We found that significant numbers of KS20 tetramer+ CD4 T cells can be detected in the pancreas of prediabetic and diabetic NOD mice. To verify pathogenicity of IAPP-reactive cells, we sorted KS20 tetramer+ cells and cloned them from uncloned T cell lines isolated from spleen and lymph nodes of diabetic mice. We isolated a new KS20-reactive Th1 CD4 T cell clone that rapidly transfers diabetes. Our results suggest that IAPP triggers a broad autoimmune response by CD4 T cells in NOD mice.
A Case of Myxoid Adrenocortical Neoplasm: Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Characteristics
Authors: Fukuhara Hiroki , Bilim Vladimir , Ohtake Hiroya , Yahagi Yoshie , Tomita Yoshihiko
Published: September 2013

Myxoid adrenocortical neoplasms are rare; to our knowledge, only 56 cases have been reported in the literature. Therefore, distinguishing benign from malignant cases is challenging. Although the histopathological features of myxoid adrenocortical neoplasia have been amply demonstrated, their imaging characteristics are yet to be reported. We describe here these characteristics for such a neoplasm. Our patient, a 70-year-old male, was found to have a 3-cm left adrenal incidentaloma through a non-enhanced computed tomography. Attenuation measurements were 22 Hounsfield units on precontrast imagery, and percentage enhancement washout was 92%. Magnetic resonance imaging showed no loss of signal intensity in T1-weighted out-of-phase images, but high signal intensity on T2-weighted and diffusion-weighted images. Left adrenalectomy was performed and the pathological diagnosis was confirmed as myxoid adrenocortical neoplasm. The imaging characteristics reported here will be beneficial to the differential diagnosis of myxoid adrenocortical neoplasms based upon image analysis and will help distinguish benign from malignant neoplasms.
The design, construction, and application of concrete models for calibrating borehole gamma-ray spectrometers
Authors: Grasty R L , Blanchard Y B
Published: September 2013

Sets of four cylindrical model boreholes, 76 cm in diameter by 80 cm deep, and each weighing approximately 900 kg were constructed for calibrating borehole gamma-ray spectrometers. The models were designed to minimize weight and give a 30 cm region of uniform
radioactivity along the borehole. The concentrations of the models are: Gamma-ray measurements in 76 mm diameter holes drilled through the models showed little variation although laboratory analyses of samples of the drill core from the thorium model showed localized inhomogeneities. For a 15 min
counting time within each model, errors in the calibration constants were found to be small because the models provide almost pure gamma-ray spectra of the three radioelements and their concentrations are reliably known.
A free-boundary problem for concrete carbonation: Front nucleation and rigorous justification of the $\sqrt{{t}}$-law of propagation
Authors: Aiki Toyohiko , Muntean Adrian
Published: September 2013

We study a one-dimensional free-boundary problem describing the penetration of carbonation fronts (free reaction-triggered interfaces) in concrete. Using suitable integral estimates for the free boundary and involved concentrations, we reach a twofold aim:

(1) We fill a fundamental gap by justifying rigorously the experimentally guessed

\sqrt{t}

asymptotic behavior. Previously we obtained the upper bound

s(t)\leq C'\sqrt{t}

for some constant

C'

; now we show the optimality of the rate by proving the right nontrivial lower estimate, i.e. there exists

C''>0

such that

s(t)\geq C''\sqrt{t}

.

(2) We obtain weak solutions to the free-boundary problem for the case when the measure of the initial domain vanishes. In this way, we allow for the
nucleation of the moving carbonation front
– a scenario that until now was open from the mathematical analysis point of view.
Seroepidemiologic Survey for Coxiella burnetii Among US Military Personnel Deployed to Southwest and Central Asia in 2005
Authors: Royal Joseph , Riddle Mark S. , Mohareb Emad , Monteville Marshall R. , Porter Chad K. , Faix Dennis J.
Published: September 2013

We used a seroepidemiologic study to estimate Q fever (Coxiella burnetii) seroprevalence, seroincidence, and risk factors for seroconversion in two deployed military populations in 2005. The first study group resided in an area with a known Q fever outbreak history (Al Asad, Iraq). Of this population, 7.2% seroconverted for an incidence rate of 10.6 seroconversions per 1,000 person-months. The second population included personnel transiting through Qatar on mid-deployment leave from southwest/central Asia. In this group, we found 2.1% prevalence with 0.92 seroconversions per 1,000 person-months. However, no significant risk factors for Q fever seroconversion were found in either population.
Diagnostic Value of Culture and Serological Tests in the Diagnosis of Histoplasmosis in HIV and non-HIV Colombian Patients
Authors: Arango-Bustamante Karen , Restrepo Angela , Cano Luz Elena , de Bedout Catalina , Tobón Angela Maria , González Angel
Published: September 2013

We determined the value of culture and serological tests used to diagnose histoplasmosis. The medical records of 391 histoplasmosis patients were analyzed. Diagnosis of the mycosis was assessed by culture, complement fixation, and immunodiffusion tests; 310 patients (79.5%) were male, and 184 patients (47.1%) were infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Positivity value for cultures was 35.7% (74/207), reactivity of serological tests was 95.2% (160/168), and a combination of both methodologies was 16.9% (35/207) for non-HIV patients. Positivity value for cultures was 75.0% (138/184), reactivity of serological tests was 92.4% (85/92), and a combination of both methodologies was 26.0% (48/184) for HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients; 48.1% (102/212) of extrapulmonary samples from HIV/AIDS patients yielded positive cultures compared with 23.1% (49/212) in non-HIV patients. Lymphocyte counts made for 33.1% (61/184) of HIV/AIDS patients showed a trend to low CD4+ numbers and higher proportion of positive cultures. These results indicate that culture is the most reliable fungal diagnostic method for HIV/AIDS patients, and contrary to what is generally believed, serological assays are useful for diagnosing histoplasmosis in these patients.
Sinonasal Inverted Papilloma and the Dilemma of Treatments
Authors: Qahtani Bandar Al , Al-Amro Mariam S
Published: September 2013

This is a review of most recent literature to find the best methods for management of sinonasal inverted papilloma and if there is any standardized modality/modalities. Also there is concern about the advancement in the management of sinonasal inverted papilloma based on recent literature revision. Inverted papilloma has to be managed aggressively from the beginning putting in mind its ability to recur and malignant transformation. Until now days there is no single verified modality of treatment and the choice of the best approach is tailored to every case.

How to cite this article

Al-Qahtani BM, Al-Amro MS. Sinonasal Inverted Papilloma and the Dilemma of Treatments. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2013;6(2):61-63.
Endoscopic Management of Meningoencephaloceles and other Cranial Base Defects using Septal Cartilage
Authors: Sonkhya Nishi , Sonkhya Divij
Published: September 2013

Objective

To study and analyze 40 cases managed endoscopically of meningoencephaloceles and other cranial base defects using septal cartilage.

Design

Prospective, interventional case series.

Materials and methods

This study was conducted in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology SMS Medical College from 2006 to 2011. The study consisted of evaluations of self-reported and referred patients who presented to ENT OPD and emergency. In all the cases a detailed history and clinical examination was done. All the patients underwent nasal endoscopic examination. Computed tomographic (CT) scans were obtained for all cases. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and CT cisternography was done in some of the cases.

Results

Success of the treatment was defined as resolution of symptoms, stoppage of leak, no recurrence, no complication and regular follow-up. A total of 40 cases were managed between 2006 and 2011 and were reviewed. The main presentation was of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak in 22 cases with most common cause being traumatic. Fovea ethmoidalis being the most common site involved in 19 cases.

Conclusion

Endoscopic repair is the most modern and best result-oriented tool in the armamentarium of a surgeon to handle CSF leaks and with use of septal cartilage the results are less burdened with recurrences and failures.

How to cite this article

Mehta R, Sonkhya D, Sonkhya N . Endoscopic Management of Meningoencephaloceles and other Cranial Base Defects using Septal Cartilage. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2013;6(2):67-71.
Giant Intranasal Pleomorphic Adenoma: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Chavan Shrinivas S , Bhople KS , Vedi Jeevan N , Jain Prateek V , Sonavani Mangala
Published: September 2013

Pleomorphic adenoma, a heterogeneous mixture of epithelial and myoepithelial cells, commonly found in major salivary glands, accounts for about 3% of benign head and neck tumors. Intranasal pleomorphic adenoma (INPA) is an extremely rare variant forming a mere 8% of all pleomorphic adenomas. Majority of these arise from the nasal septum (82-90%) with only about 8% showing attachment to the lateral nasal wall. Various theories explaining etiopathological basis of INPA have been proposed but none explains its predominance in females in 3rd to 6th decade of life. Hallmark of histopathological picture of pleomorphic adenoma is epithelial tissue mixed with tissues of myxoid, chondroid or mucoid origin. But INPA shows predominantly epithelial component with scanty stroma. Considering its high cellularity and anatomical site, INPA is often misdiagnosed as unilateral nasal malignancy. Early diagnosis ensures complete excision and is paramount to make patient disease free, considering its high potential of recurrence. Hereby, we are presenting a case of giant pleomorphic adenoma of nasal cavity, arising from lateral nasal wall, causing erosion of the base of skull, with the intent of drawing attention to this rare diagnosis.

How to cite this article

Chavan SS, Bhople KS, Vedi JN, Jain PV, Sonavani M. Giant Intranasal Pleomorphic Adenoma: A Rare Case Report. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2013;6(2):96-99.
Dentigerous Cyst with Ectopic Third Molar Tooth in Maxillary Sinus causing Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Jain Nitin Kumar , Vashistha Siddharth , Jain Megha
Published: September 2013

Ectopic eruption of teeth into a region other than the oral cavity is rare although there have been reports of teeth in the nasal septum, mandibular condyle, coronoid process, palate, chin and maxillary sinus. Eruption of ectopic teeth in maxillary sinus usually is found incidentally on routine radiological investigations. We present a case of an ectopic maxillary third molar tooth with dentigerous cyst that caused chronic purulent sinusitis in left maxillary sinus.

How to cite this article

Jain NK, Vashistha S, Jain M. Dentigerous Cyst with Ectopic Third Molar Tooth in Maxillary Sinus causing Chronic Rhinosinusitis. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2013;6(2):106-107.
Rhinolith with Nephrolithiasis following Prolonged use of Topiramate: A Rare Incidence
Authors: Swain Santosh Kumar , Ravan Jayaprakash Russell , Acharya Ranjita
Published: September 2013

Topiramate is a neuromodulatory drug widely used for refractory seizures, migraine and alcohol dependence. Chronic use of this medication can cause metabolic acidosis in patients secondary to inhibition of carbonic anhydrase. It impairs the normal compensatory drop in urine pH. These factors can lead to nephrolithiasis. Although it is difficult to get an exact mechanism for stone formation in other organ of the body, we report a case of topiramate-induced nephrolithiasis along with nasal stone which is rare in medical literature.

How to cite this article

Swain SK, Ravan JR, Acharya R. Rhinolith with Nephrolithiasis following Prolonged use of Topiramate: A Rare Incidence. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2013;6(2): 108-109.
Relating aerosol absorption due to soot, organic carbon, and dust to emission sources determined from in-situ chemical measurements
Authors: Cazorla A. , Bahadur R. , Suski K. J. , Cahill J. F. , Chand D. , Schmid B. , Ramanathan V. , Prather K. A.
Published: September 2013

Abstract. Estimating the aerosol contribution to the global or regional radiative forcing can take advantage of the relationship between the spectral aerosol optical properties and the size and chemical composition of aerosol. Long term global optical measurements from observational networks or satellites can be used in such studies. Using in-situ chemical mixing state measurements can help us to constrain the limitations of such estimates. In this study, the Absorption Ångström Exponent (AAE) and the Scattering Ångström Exponent (SAE) derived from 10 operational AERONET sites in California are combined for deducing chemical speciation based on wavelength dependence of the optical properties. In addition, in-situ optical properties and single particle chemical composition measured during three aircraft field campaigns in California between 2010 and 2011 are combined in order to validate the methodology used for the estimates of aerosol chemistry using spectral optical properties. Results from this study indicate a dominance of mixed types in the classification leading to an underestimation of the primary sources, however secondary sources are better classified. The distinction between carbonaceous aerosols from fossil fuel and biomass burning origins is not clear, since their optical properties are similar. On the other hand, knowledge of the aerosol sources in California from chemical studies help to identify other misclassification such as the dust contribution.
Factors controlling variability in the oxidative capacity of the troposphere since the Last Glacial Maximum
Authors: Murray L. T. , Mickley L. J. , Kaplan J. O. , Sofen E. D. , Pfeiffer M. , Alexander B.
Published: September 2013

Abstract. The oxidative capacity of past atmospheres is highly uncertain. We present here a new climate-biosphere-chemistry modeling framework to determine oxidant levels in the present and past troposphere. We use the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model driven by meteorological fields from the NASA Goddard Institute of Space Studies (GISS) ModelE, with land cover and fire emissions from dynamic global vegetation models. We present time-slice simulations for the present day, late preindustrial (AD 1770), and the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM; 19–23 ka), and we test the sensitivity of model results to uncertainty in lightning and fire emissions. We find that most preindustrial and paleo climate simulations yield reduced oxidant levels relative to the present day. Contrary to prior studies, tropospheric mean OH in our ensemble shows little change at the LGM relative to the preindustrial (0.5 ± 12%), despite large reductions in methane concentrations. We find a simple linear relationship between tropospheric mean ozone photolysis rates, water vapor, and total emissions of NOx and reactive carbon that explains 72% of the variability in global mean OH in 11 different simulations across the last glacial-interglacial time interval and the Industrial Era. Key parameters controlling the tropospheric oxidative capacity over glacial-interglacial periods include overhead stratospheric ozone, tropospheric water vapor, and lightning NOx emissions. Variability in global mean OH since the LGM is insensitive to fire emissions. Our simulations are broadly consistent with ice-core records of Δ17O in sulfate and nitrate at the LGM, and CO, HCHO, and H2O2 in the preindustrial. Our results imply that the glacial-interglacial changes in atmospheric methane observed in ice cores are predominantly driven by changes in its sources as opposed to its sink with OH.
An approach to computing direction relations between separated object groups
Authors: Yan H. , Wang Z. , Li J.
Published: September 2013

Abstract. Direction relations between object groups play an important role in qualitative spatial reasoning, spatial computation and spatial recognition. However, none of existing models can be used to compute direction relations between object groups. To fill this gap, an approach to computing direction relations between separated object groups is proposed in this paper, which is theoretically based on gestalt principles and the idea of multi-directions. The approach firstly triangulates the two object groups, and then it constructs the Voronoi diagram between the two groups using the triangular network. After this, the normal of each Voronoi edge is calculated, and the quantitative expression of the direction relations is constructed. Finally, the quantitative direction relations are transformed into qualitative ones. The psychological experiments show that the proposed approach can obtain direction relations both between two single objects and between two object groups, and the results are correct from the point of view of spatial cognition.
Near-field interrogation of SAW resonators on rotating machinery
Authors: Boccard J.-M. , Katus P. , Renevier R. , Reindl L. M. , Friedt J.-M.
Published: September 2013

Abstract. Surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonators electrically behave like LCR circuits, their frequency can be influenced by temperature, pressure and torque. When they are used for passive wireless sensing on rotating machinery, they can also be influenced by the angular variations of the coupling between the coupler elements and the receiving coupler element impedance. This parasitic frequency shift is known as the "pulling effect". In this paper, we present a capacitive coupler based on open coplanar strip lines for physical measurements on a small diameter rotating shaft. This approach allows a single 434 MHz resonator angular frequency pulling lower than 200 Hz (0.46 ppm) and 100 Hz (0.23 ppm) in a differential configuration. This is more than 10 times lower compared to frequency pulling obtained using couplers based on circular and electrically shorted transmission lines. RADAR-based interrogation, finite element method (FEM) simulation, coupler parameters and frequency pulling measurements results are presented to demonstrate the performances of the complete system.
Corporate Governance and Disclosure Quality: Taxonomy of Tunisian Listed Firms Using the Decision Tree Method based Approach
Authors: Khiari Wided
Published: September 2013

This study aims to establish a typology of Tunisian listed firms according to their corporate governance characteristics and disclosure quality. The paper uses disclosed scores to examine corporate governance practices of Tunisian listed firms. A content analysis of 46 Tunisian listed firms from 2001 to 2010 has been carried out and a disclosure index developed to determine the level of disclosure of the companies. The disclosure quality is appreciated through the quantity and also through the nature (type) of information disclosed. Applying the decision tree method, the obtained Tree diagrams provide ways to know the characteristics of a particular firm regardless of its level of disclosure. Obtained results show that the characteristics of corporate governance to achieve good quality of disclosure are not unique for all firms. These structures are not necessarily all of the recommendations of best practices, but converge towards the best combination. Indeed, in practice, there are companies which have a good quality of disclosure but are not well governed. However, we hope that by improving their governance system their level of disclosure may be better. These findings show, in a general way, a convergence towards the standards of corporate governance with a few exceptions related to the specificity of Tunisian listed firms and show the need for the adoption of a code for each context. These findings shed the light on corporate governance features that enhance incentives for good disclosure. It allows identifying, for each firm and in any date, corporate governance determinants of disclosure quality. More specifically, and all being equal, obtained tree makes a rule of decision for the company to know the level of disclosure based on certain characteristics of the governance strategy adopted by the latter.
Impact of Mentoring on Organizational Commitment and Job Satisfaction of Accounting-Finance Academicians Employed in Turkey
Authors: Çetin Ayşe Tansel , Kızıl Cevdet , Zengin Halil İbrahim
Published: September 2013

The primary objective of this paper is to investigate the impact of mentoring on organizational commitment and job satisfaction of accounting-finance academicians employed in Turkey. Survey method is utilized in order to reach this goal and questionnaires are distributed to test the effect of mentoring on Turkish accounting-finance scholars’ organizational commitment and job satisfaction. This paper contributes to the literature by pointing out the relationship among mentoring, organizational commitment and job satisfaction, which in turn leads to more efficient mentoring management and necessary measures in Turkish accounting-finance community.
Determinants of loans and deposits strategies of foreign bank subsidiaries in emerging countries
Authors: Mili Mehdi , Sahut Jean-Michel
Published: September 2013

Abstract. This paper focuses on the transmission of bank liquidity shocks in Loan and deposit in emerging markets. First, we attempt to identify factors affecting the credit strategy of foreign banks in emerging countries. Second, we test whether depositors exert market discipline on foreign subsidiaries. By combining financial variables of subsidiaries and their parent banks and macroeconomic variables of host and home countries, we investigate the factors that may affect the behavior of depositors. Our empirical approach is based on a Partial Least Squares-Path model that allows us to indentify the causal relationships between the various groups of variables. Our results show that foreign bank lending is determined by the specific financial variables of the parent bank and macroeconomic variables of the country of origin. This support that the strategy's credit of foreign subsidiary is centrally managed at the parent bank and credit supply of subsidiaries depends primary on the financial situation of its parent bank. Finally we find evidence of market discipline exercised over foreign subsidiaries in emerging countries. We show that market discipline is strongly affected by the specific characteristics of the subsidiary.
Angarsk as a Challenge for the East Asian Energy Community
Authors: Christoffersen Gaye
Published: September 2013

The Mongolian Journal of International Affairs; Number 11, 2004, Page 104-128 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjia.v0i11.110
Estimating seawater intrusion impacts on coastal intakes as a result of climate change
Authors: Roehl Edwin A. , Daamen Ruby C. , Cook John B.
Published: September 2013

Many coastal utilities will find it challenging to adapt to future climate conditions in which sea‐level rise and extreme weather cycles could increase the frequency and duration of seawater intrusion into estuaries. This article describes a method of assessing risk to utility water supplies and details its use in two coastal systems supplying freshwater to municipalities in Georgia and South Carolina. The method uses long‐term weather and hydrologic data to develop empirical models that represent the seawater intrusion process in the vicinity of an intake. Data available from past droughts and storms provided sufficient variability to model the range of anticipated future weather and hydrologic conditions. The model can be varied using permutations of historical conditions and climate change forecasts to estimate future impacts at the intake. The models and data are deployed in a spreadsheet program that features a graphical user interface and supporting graphics, making it readily usable by utility personnel.
From what perspective? Distributional accounting within cost–benefit analysis
Authors: Aubuchon Craig P.
Published: September 2013

Infrastructure spending and business factors consistently rank among the top concerns of water industry professionals, yet these concerns can require difficult discussions about how to best raise new revenue and the associated bills. This research presents a method for using distributional accounting in a cost–benefit analysis to highlight diverse stakeholder interests in a transparent manner and serve as a useful tool when discussing infrastructure and revenue needs. The current work includes two case studies of recent cost–benefit valuations, including research that highlights the economic value of water, and concludes with a discussion of how specific versions of the framework are used when assessing energy‐efficiency programs. In this manner, the current research articulates one method to address the growing interest in water efficiency and the water–energy nexus.
Optimum management of cyclic storage systems: A simulation–optimization approach
Authors: Jahanpour Mohammad Amin , Afshar Abbas , Alimohammadi Saeed
Published: September 2013

A semidistributed system dynamics simulation model was coupled with a genetic algorithm to develop a novel simulation–optimization approach for conjunctive water use management. The proposed simulation–optimization method uses the concept of cyclic storage systems as a framework to solve conjunctive use problems. As a highly sophisticated conjunctive use template, a cyclic storage system includes two major subsystems: surface water and groundwater. In this research, the dynamic behavior of a cyclic storage system was simulated using system dynamics methodology. The real‐world case study chosen was Kineh Vars Reservoir and its irrigating area, located downstream of the Abhar Rud watershed in west‐central Iran. Operating rules for the system were optimized to satisfy water demands over a planning period of 40 seasons, minimizing the total costs of system construction, operation, maintenance, and elements replacement.
Where is the Lesion? Glomus Tumours of the Hand
Authors: Tang Chris Yuk Kwan , Tipoe Timothy , Fung Boris
Published: September 2013

Glomus tumours are vascular hamartomas that are commonly found in the hand, particularly the subungual region. They appear as solitary or multiple tumours, and often present as a bluish discoloration of the nail plate. Different diagnostic tests are outlined, as well as imaging studies such as magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound. Misdiagnosis and delayed diagnosis of these tumours are common, while a familial tendency is a potential risk factor but not yet proven. Complete surgical excision often results in complete symptomatic relief, while recurrences are largely due to incomplete excision or the growth of a new glomus tumour. This article aims to review the key aspects of glomus tumours and provide a diagnostic algorithm so that the lesion can be recognized and treated earlier.