bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
National Initiatives on Salt Substitutes: Scoping Review
Authors: Kong Bingxuan , Yang Shanyue , Long Jiewei , Tang Yuhan , Liu Yang , Ge Zeng , Rong Shuang , Wu Yangfeng , Ding Gangqiang , Yang Yuexin , Yao Ping , Gao Chao
Published: July 2023

Background

Salt substitutes are edible salts that contain less sodium chloride owing to its partial substitution with other minerals, which serve as an important and effective intervention and public health strategy targeting hypertension and its secondary diseases, despite a small degree of controversy.

Objective

This study aimed to identify the current salt substitute initiatives in various nations and intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) worldwide and summarize their types and characteristics.

Methods

A scoping review was performed based on Arksey and O’Malley’s framework and the latest guidance from the Joanna Briggs Institute. Searches were conducted on Google; government websites on food, health, and other related topics; PubMed; Web of Science; and Google Scholar from January 2022 to May 2022. Initiatives related to salt substitutes that were included in the study focused on the involvement of governments or IGOs through the publication of standards, actions, collaborations, funding, and so on. Data were extracted into Microsoft Excel (version 2019; Microsoft Corp) based on predefined items and analyzed using narrative synthesis and frequency count methods.

Results

A total of 35 initiatives from 11 countries (of which 9 are high-income countries) and 3 IGOs were identified. We classified all salt substitute initiatives into 5 types, namely benefit-risk assessments and cautions; plans and actions; regulations and standards; labels; and food reformulation, cooperation with the food industry, and media. More than half (18/35, 51%) of the salt substitute initiatives were launched within the past 5 years. Except for regulations and standards, salt substitute initiatives are, in general, part of the salt reduction framework. No nation or IGO has yet reported on the monitoring and implications of the use of salt substitutes.

Conclusions

Despite the limited number of salt substitute initiatives worldwide at present, a review on the different types and characteristics of such initiatives could be helpful in providing a reference for policy makers and stakeholders. Given the great potential of salt substitutes in improving hypertension and stroke, we call on more nations to pay attention to these substitutes and propose salt substitute initiatives in line with their national conditions.
Not all Doom and Gloom: Students in the Anthropocene Develop Collaborative Skills Using Social Media and Surveys
Authors: Unger Shem
Published: July 2023

Informing undergraduates on environmental conservation education topics related to the Anthropocene can present challenges. Allowing students to work together in groups to actively design projects to both conduct surveys and inform others via social media are two related strategies for student based instruction as a form of learning. As part of a special topic conservation biology course, Humans in the Anthropocene, undergraduate biology majors collected data from surveys on topics related to the Anthropocene, while concomitantly using social media (posting 2 TikTok videos) to engage in science communication and learn about factors impacting topics. Responses to Likert scale questions and reflections from this group activity were overwhelmingly positive with students reporting they preferred this form of hands-on learning and that this activity piqued their interest, and students learned valuable skills on data presentation alongside creative communication using social media. Incorporating surveys, videos, and presentations therefore is an effective method for engaging students and communities regarding environmental issues related to the Anthropocene.
Dynamics of Academic Writing and its Impact on Professional Growth
Authors: Prasantham Dr. P.
Published: July 2023

Individuals involved in academia are well aware that they are required to write various types of academic documents, including research papers, review articles, conference papers, book chapters, books, book reviews, theses / dissertations, grant proposals and PowerPoint Presentations for their professional growth. Teachers at the school level, lecturers at the intermediate / degree level, and assistant professors / associate professors / professors at the university level consistently find themselves in need of drafting some sort of academic document for publication. When we write something, we have various aims in mind, such as describing, explaining, instructing, specifying, evaluating, persuading, conceding and apologizing, protesting, rejecting, and more. Academic writing necessitates conducting research, evaluating information, organizing thoughts, presenting arguments, responding to others' arguments, analyzing data, and expressing ideas clearly and effectively through writing. When preparing any academic document for publication, one needs to consider the essential elements that must be met. In this paper, I aim to discuss the fundamental aspects of academic writing.
Several Categories of Large Language Models (LLMs): A Short Survey
Authors: Pahune Saurabh , Chandrasekharan Manoj
Published: July 2023

Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) have become effective tools for natural language process-ing and have been used in many different fields. This essay offers a succinct summary of various LLM subcategories. The survey emphasizes recent developments and efforts made for various LLM kinds, including task-based financial LLMs, multilingual language LLMs, biomedical and clinical LLMs, vision language LLMs, and code language models. The survey gives a general summary of the methods, attributes, datasets, transformer models, and comparison metrics applied in each category of LLMs. Furthermore, it highlights unresolved problems in the field of developing chatbots and virtual assistants, such as boosting natural language processing, enhancing chatbot intelligence, and resolving moral and legal dilemmas. The purpose of this study is to provide readers, developers, academics, and users interested in LLM-based chatbots and virtual intelligent assistant technologies with use full information and future directions.
Significant Role of Leadership Quality in Physical Education
Authors: K. S. Thakre
Published: July 2023

Abstract: Leadership in Physical schooling may be very critical in order that in order that he can lead and manipulate the agencies/ groups at play fields. He should be in function to manual the pupil to come across their bodily defects. A accurate chief could make his college students apprehend psychologically concerning the complexes at the playground. He is capable of discover the postural defects and remedial measures and recognize the way to deal with those defects with bodily sporting events. He should be conversant with bodily sports in fashionable and must have mastery over a few games. He additionally develops self assurance, feel of field and capacity to take choices. A accurate chief in bodily schooling takes the groups for opposition from one vicinity to another. They prepare exercise fits for diverse groups/ agencies. All gamers have the possibility to guide the crew. They revel in at the same time as taking the groups for picnic and trekking etc. They are capable of prepare the sports activities meet in small agencies and on the school/university degree and feature self assurance.
Smart Parking System
Authors: B Sandeep , Keerthiprasad Dr. K. S , D C Manuraj , M Rakshith Gowda , Manohara B L
Published: July 2023

Abstract: In many situations, the people owning vehicles should leave their vehicles parked for couple of days to travel by other means of transportation (Flights from International Air ports). Sometimes the vehicles get damaged and they even get stolen. The vehicles needed to be parked in specified area safety. Keeping the above problem in mind, our research work proposes an idea of smart parking system. The user shall be given a slot and an admin card of the parking lot after making the online payments. The user can use the admin card to access the parking lot. The door opens if the admin card is used. The parking lot shall also be equipped with firefighting system, infrared sensors, motion sensor with efficient signaling/feedback system interlinked to Communication devices, so as to detect if incase of fire or someone breaks into the parking lot, intended to steal or make damages to the vehicle. The smart parking system sends alert message with live streaming to the admin/user/customer’s Mobile or any Communication devices making him/her aware of the situation and initiate right action to protect the vehicle from further destruction.
On Hitting Times for General Quantum Markov Processes
Authors: Laneve Lorenzo , Tacchino Francesco , Tavernelli Ivano
Published: July 2023

Random walks (or Markov chains) are models extensively used in theoretical computer science. Several tools, including analysis of quantities such as hitting and mixing times, are helpful for devising randomized algorithms. A notable example is Schöning's algorithm for the satisfiability (SAT) problem. In this work, we use the density-matrix formalism to define a quantum Markov chain model which directly generalizes classical walks, and we show that a common tools such as hitting times can be computed with a similar formula as the one found in the classical theory, which we then apply to known quantum settings such as Grover's algorithm.
Aventuras e desafios em tempo de pandemia: (re)inventar a prática docente
Authors: Rodrigues Magalhães de Barros Ana Paula , Fiorentini Dario , Alves Honorato Alex Henrique
Published: July 2023

Este livro reúne experiências formativas e de aprendizagem de docentes e de estudantes ao se aventuram na (re)invenção de suas práticas de ensinar e de aprender enquanto enfrentaram bravamente os desafios impostos pela pandemia. O cenário de apresentação e discussão dessas experiências compartilhadas foi o IX Shiam (Seminário Nacional de Histórias e Investigações de/em Aulas de Matemática), que ocorreu no formato remoto no ano de 2021. Assim, esta obra emergiu como um produto das trocas ricas que ocorreram nas mesas redondas deste evento. Os nove capítulos centrais deste livro, escritos por nove autoras e um autor, não revelam somente as histórias e os bastidores de professoras e professores que viveram desafios, aventuras e percalços impostos pelo contexto pandêmico, mas também seus ricos aprendizados e transformações como pessoas e profissionais, pois, diante dos desafios, todos e todas tiveram que reinventar suas práticas de modo a minimizar as perdas de oportunidade de aprendizagem de seus alunos e de suas alunas. São experiências vividas não apenas na Educação Básica, mas também no Ensino Superior e em processos de formação continuada desenvolvidos em ambientes híbridos de ensino ou sob a concepção da Cyberformação. Além dos nove capítulos organizados em três partes, a obra conta também com dois capítulos especiais, sendo um introdutório que prefacia e apresenta a obra e outro de fechamento, onde é realizada uma leitura dialógica com os autores dos capítulos do livro, trazendo também suas experiências, investigações e aprendizados, ao realizar estudos relativos ao ensino e à aprendizagem matemática na escola básica no ensino remoto e no contexto pandêmico e pós-pandêmico.
Correlate of foreign direct investment and economic development evidence from Nigeria
Authors: Akpoviroro Kowo Solomon , Varečková Ľubica
Published: July 2023

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and other macroeconomic variables such as the exchange rate, economic openness, and public sector investment are significant macroeconomic variables that drive economic growth and development. As a result, every government’s ability to sustain and maintain a balance among them is critical to long-term development. The studys goals were to establish the impact of foreign direct investment on Nigerias economic development, as well as the impact of the exchange rate on Nigeria’s economic development. The ex-post facto research design was used in this study, as well as secondary data. The explanatory variable was Foreign Direct Investment, and the control variable was the exchange rate. The study spans the years 1981 through 2019. The explanatory variable was Gross Fixed Capital Formation (GFCF), which is a proxy for economic progress, and the model was estimated using the Auto Regressive Distributed (ARDL) Model. The data for this study came from the World Bank Data Bases World Development Indicators of 2019 and the Central Bank of Nigerias Statistical Bulletin of 2019. According to the study, a 1.4 unit increase in foreign direct investment leads to a 1.4 unit increase in gross fixed capital creation. In addition, a unit increase in the exchange rate causes a 0.03-unit fall in gross fixed capital formation, and vice versa. According to the findings, there is a negligible positive link between FDI and GFCF, but a strong negative relationship between the exchange rates (EXR) and GFCF. As a result, the report suggests that FDI inflows be used to fund capital projects that are not for current consumption, such as good road networks, train lines across the country, and stable electricity supply. Without a doubt, this would lower the cost of doing business in Nigeria and boost profitability. According to our findings, while FDI alone cannot lead to economic growth and development, when other factors such as a favorable climate and simplified pre-investment procedures are available, more FDI will be drawn to key economic sectors, contributing to economic growth and development.
Collaborative Consumption Practices in Kyrgyzstan
Authors: Ybyraimova Aichurok
Published: July 2023

This research article studies collaborative consumption practices in Kyrgyzstan in the context of the Theory of Planned Behaviour and Auckland Individualism and Collectivism dimensions. The research aims to answer the question: To what extent are the Theory of Planned Behaviour and Individualism and Collectivism dimensions relevant framework to explaining intention to engage in collaborative consumption and collaborative consumption behaviour. A quantitative online survey of 308 respondents was conducted. A linear regression analysis was performed using the R statistics engine. The study found that dimensions of the TPB such as attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioural control, and personal norms; and the dimension of individualism – responsibility are among the statistically significant positive predictors of intentions to engage in collaborative consumption. Whereas personal norms, behavioural beliefs, advice, and closeness are positive; biospheric value orientations and harmony are negative factors impacting the collaborative consumption behaviour of respondents.
Marketing Graduates’ Perceptions About the Importance of Business English Knowledge for Their Future Careers
Authors:   Faculty of Economics, Osijek, Katavić-Čaušić Sanda , Marušić Borislav ,   University of Applied Sciences Lavoslav Ružička in Vukovar
Published: July 2023

Technologically-enhanced learning solutions now have become the norm in language learning practices and are used as powerful supplement to traditional classroom experience. In a multitude of e-solutions ESP educators are always in a search of adaptable tools to meet specific demands of their target audiences. Due to its omnipresence and widespread relevance across diverse disciplines and professions. Business English has become an essential demand of different target groups. Among the available tools for ESP learners, digital portfolios have become a useful component of course work supporting multiple literacies and foreign language skills. Owing to their customizability ESP educators can harness their potential in numerous ways. While highlighting the potential educational use of digital portfolios the paper draws on marketing students’ views regarding the importance of Business English education collected as part of a reflective writing assignment. The purpose of the qualitative analysis was to provide an insight into students’ analytical perspective of the importance of Business English knowledge for their prospective business careers and businesses in general. Findings from the study indicate that all students perceive the key role of competence in Business English as a new job requirement and a clear pathway to career success. The challenges identified are students’ frustrations and resistance to speaking the language, as well as their concerns about the lack of English knowledge as an impediment to their future career advancements.
La prise en compte des particularités psychologiques dans l’acquisition d’une langue de spécialité sur l’exemple de l’accentuation en français
Authors:   MRU, Université de Caen Normandie, Bestchastnova Eugénie Bonner
Published: July 2023

Dans le cadre de nos recherches sur l’apprentissage des langues de spécialité nous nous intéressons particulièrement à la phonétique, notamment l’accentuation, qui est une sorte de porte d’entrée d’une langue. Les recherches dans le domaine du traitement de l’accent, en linguistique française, ne se limitent souvent qu’à l’aspect purement physique ou phonétique. Notre hypothèse est que l’on ne peut rendre compte de l’accent en français sans prendre en compte, en particulier, la psychologie de l’individu, ce qui suppose le recours aux outils que fournit une autre discipline que la linguistique elle-même : la Psychologie. La vérification de notre hypothèse repose sur un corpus constitué de séquences vocales extraites de l’enregistrement de conversations de tous les jours de notre groupe expérimental. 40 personnes ont été examinées. Après recueil de leurs paramètres sociophysiologique, linguistique et culturel, ont été déterminés leurs types psychologiques et ensuite analysés, de façon d’abord empirique, puis instrumentale, les échantillons de leurs productions verbales quotidiennes enregistrées. Sur la base des conclusions tirées de ces observations, on peut confirmer le lien entre, d’une part, les paramètres employés par la personne pour produire l’accent, sa place, le nombre d’accents et en général sa manière d’accentuer, et, d’autre part, son type psychologique.
La reconnaissance et différenciation des formes proverbiales
Authors:   Université de Lettonie, Billere Olga
Published: July 2023

La reconnaissance et la différenciation des multiples formes proverbiales (dictons, proverbes, adages, maximes, etc.) sont souvent embrouillées par le caractère imprécis de leurs définitions, surtout dans des dictionnaires des unités en question. Les parémiologues accordent une importance majeure à la dimension métaphorique du proverbe, signalant l’absence de cette caractéristique dans le cas des dictons. Néanmoins, l’analyse du corpus proverbial témoigne l’existence d’une vaste couche des proverbes dont le message ne peut être compris que littéralement. L’examen de la nature des formes proverbiales, l’établissement de la liste de leurs propriétés linguistiques distinctives (morphologiques, syntaxiques, sémantiques) ainsi que l’analyse du mode de leur fonctionnement dans le discours permet de nous approcher de la solution possible de ce problème.
Sequences prefabriquees dans le corpus d’apprenants en FOS/FOU
Authors:   Université de Vilnius, Kazlauskiene Vitalija
Published: July 2023

L’analyse de séquences préfabriquées permet de décrire l’acquisition précoce de séquences lexicales. Ces dernières sont l’un des facteurs les plus importants de l’idiomaticité et de la richesse lexicale de la langue ; ils constituent donc un outil efficace pour développer le FOS. L’objet principal de notre recherche est l’analyse quantitative et qualitative de séquences lexicales dans le corpus écrit d’étudiants lituaniens en philologie française. Ce corpus est constitué de mémoires d’étudiants de troisième année de licence. Ayant pour but de recenser la métalinguistique propre à ce type d’écrits, plus précisément l’utilisation des termes spécifiques au sujet de la linguistique, nous présentons un aperçu des constructions lexicales utilisées dans les séquences préfabriquées (désignées ci-après SP) du corpus à notre disposition ; nous décrirons ensuite les particularités de leur composition. Les données issues de l’analyse du corpus-pilote permettent d’identifier certaines particularités et démontrent la nécessité de ce type d’analyse pour le développement du FOU et du FOS chez les apprenants.
Propuestas sucintas sobre el habla de Madrid (1870–1900). El ‘madrileñismo’ en traducción literaria (español>ingles)
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Godoy Tena Francisco
Published: July 2023

La literatura madrileña de finales del siglo XIX cuenta con un número significativo de obras en las que la ciudad de Madrid cobra protagonismo como escenario literario de primer orden. El punto inicial de la presente investigación se basa en el estudio terminológico y traductológico de esta literatura ambientada en el Madrid del período comprendido entre los años 1870 y 1900, centrándose en el marco social y lingüístico de Madrid y basando el análisis en un corpus de cuatro obras de finales del siglo XIX: Cuadros al Fresco, de Tomás Luceño (1870), la Gran Vía, de Felipe Pérez y González (1886), la Verbena de la Paloma, de Ricardo de la Vega (1894) y la Revoltosa, de José López-Silva y Carlos Fernández Shaw (1897). Igualmente, dicha cuestión se centra en posibles técnicas de traducción (del español al inglés), mediante la explicación de diversos fragmentos elegidos de estas obras. La metodología empleada es la recopilación de aspectos terminológicos y sintácticos y establecer comentarios y propuestas de traducción. Todo ello arroja resultados distintivos del Madrid de finales del siglo XIX y establece ciertas conclusiones: la necesidad del estudio de la literatura madrileña del período, su lengua y propuestas de traducción al inglés que faciliten su comprensión y traducción de todas las obras citadas. Como conclusión, este estudio pone en relieve la literatura de Madrid, su importancia e idiosincrasia y la necesidad de establecer dichas pautas de traducción de estas cuatro obras clásicas, cumbre del ámbito literario madrileño.
Determination of the Qibla Direction of the Al-Mukarramah Mosque in Gampong Punge Jurong, Meuraxa District, Banda Aceh City
Authors: Friatna Ida , Mustaqim Riza Afrian , Putra Erizaldi
Published: July 2023

One of the conditions for a valid prayer is facing the Qibla, Imam Syafi'i believes that people who can see the Ka'bah must face the 'Ainul Ka'bah as well as people who are far or outside Mecca must face 'Ainul Ka'bah based on their ijtihad with instructions from the sun, stars, mountains, moon, and others that can be used as a Qibla direction. Many mosques in the city of Banda Aceh do not face the Kaaba, this is based on using Google Earth, from several mosques that are off the beaten path, the Al-Mukarramah Mosque has such a large deviance that it faces the African continent. The research question for this thesis is how to determine the Qibla direction at Al-Mukarramah Mosque, Gampong Punge Jurong, Meuraxa District, Banda Aceh City and how accurate the Qibla direction at Al-Mukarramah Mosque, Gampong Punge Jurong, Meuraxa District, Banda Aceh City. In this study the authors used a qualitative approach research method, a type of Field Research (field research), and used a qualitative descriptive analysis method. describe and analyze the method of determining the Qibla direction of the Al-Mukarramah Mosque then verify the results of Qibla accuracy. The results of this study concluded that first, the method of determining the Qibla direction of the Al-Mukarramah Mosque in Gampong Punge Jurong, Meuraxa District, Banda Aceh City was carried out in two ways: 1) Rashdul Qibla, when the Al-Mukarrmah Mosque was about to be built in 1999 by the Imam of Gampong Punge Jurong during the that, 2) Kompas, carried out in 2018 this happened when the Aceh MPU fatwa No. 3 of 2018 concerning the determination of the Qibla direction. Second, test the accuracy of the Qibla direction of the Al-Mukarramah Mosque by using the Mizwala Qibla Finder, Rubu' Mujayyab, Protractor, and Google Earth that the Qibla direction of the mosque does not face the Ka’bah so it has a slope with the position of the mosque building by 15° to the north and results via visual google earth The building of the Al-Mukarramah mosque faces the African continent.
Current status and implications of legislation related to digital therapeutics
Authors:   Journal of Law research, Lee Ki-Ho , Kim Kye-Hyun
Published: July 2023

With the development of the digital healthcare sector, the software itself has now become a medical device. Digital Therapeutics(DTx) are defined as “providing evidence-based treatment interventions driven by high-quality software programs to prevent, manage, or treat medical disorders or diseases.” With the spread of digital therapeutics(DTx), major countries are expanding government-level support and investment, and overhauling related laws.
This study examined the current status of domestic and foreign digital therapeutics and identified related laws and regulatory trends. Based on this, domestic legal and institutional improvement measures were proposed.
According to the results of the study, major countries, including Korea, defined medical devices based on the Medical Device Act and regulated medical devices by classifying them according to the degree of risk.
In the case of digital therapeutics, they are classified into low-risk grades and stipulate processes such as licensing and test evaluation of devices. In addition, a separate fast track was applied or the digital therapeutics was supported with individual guidelines. However, for the safe development of digital therapeutics in the future, it is necessary to systematically reorganize the regulations of digital therapeutics by reflecting the core contents of the guidelines in the law or enacting separate laws.
In addition, the compensation method and level for the application of the health insurance system should be improved. In other words, doctor fees and patient compensation methods should be considered by reflecting the characteristics of digital therapeutics. Various discussions are needed in consideration of health insurance finance issues.
Finally, due to the nature of digital therapeutics, it is necessary to strengthen data security measures and establish a management system for this.
IDENTIFIKASI KARAKTER MORFOLOGI TANAMAN DURIAN ( Durio zibethinus ) LOKAL KERINCI
Authors: Evita Evita , Jasminarni Jasminarni , Novita Trias Novita
Published: July 2023

Tanaman durian ( Durio zibethinus Murr.) dikenal sebagai buah tropis basah asli Indonesia.Tanaman durian merupakan buah asli Indonesia dengan produksi yang tidak merata sepanjang tahun. Secara nasional, tanaman durian mengalami musim panen yang tidak serentak. Durian sangat digemari oleh setiap orang, sehingga ada yang menamakannya sebagai raja buah atau ratu buah. Disamping buahnya yang manis, harum dengan warna daging putih kekuningan serta kaya akan kalori, vitamin, lemak dan protein, batangnya juga bisa digunakan sebagai bahan bangunan

            Kecamatan Sitinjau Laut, Keliling Danau dan Danau Kerinci merupakan daerah sentra produksi durian di Kabupaten Kerinci, dimana  durian yang dihasilkan mempunyai karakteristik yang berbeda - beda, sehingga perlu adanya penyeleksian dari berbagai keragaman karakteristik yang berbeda-beda tersebut, sehingga akan diketahui jenis durian yang memiliki sifat paling unggul dan mempunyai produktivitas yang tinggi. Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka tujuan khusus dari penelitian ini adalah : mengidentifikasi dan menginventarisir durian unggul lokal Kerinci yang amasish ada.

             Penelitian ini menggunakan metode obsevasi partisipatif dan wawancara mendalam dalam mendapatkan data deskriptif yang bersipat kualitatif dengan perangkat desa, masyarakat desa dan petani durian yang ada di kecamatan Sitinjau Laut, Kecamatan Keliling Danau dan Kecamatan Danau Kerinci. Berdasarkan hasi penelitian jenis tanaman durian unggul lokal jenisnya masih banyak dimasyarakat dan perlu penyelamatan karena jumlah dan keberadaanya sudah sulit di lacak dan sudah sangat sedikit dan tua. Jenis durian di Kabupaten Kerinci  sangat beragam bentuk dan jenisnya yang masing-masing memiliki kelebihan dan kekurangan. Jenis durian unggul kemungkinan masih banyak dengan sifat unggul yang tidak kalah dengan jenis durian daerah lainnya. Jenis durian yang sudah terdata merupakan jenis unggul yang sudah langka karena jumlahnya sangat sedikit.

 

Keyword: Morfologi , Durian lokal  Kerinci
SCIENCE PROCESS SKILLS: ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS' OBSERVATIONAL ABILITY ON MATERIAL CHANGES IN SUBSTANCE FORMS
Authors: Purnama Wirayuda Ricky
Published: July 2023

The research conducted aims to find out how students' ability to observe material changes in the state of matter. This research was conducted using classroom action research methods which were divided into three cycles. This research was conducted at MTS Al-Hidayah Kebon IX, Sungai Gelam District, Muaro Jambi Regency. This research was conducted in the even semester of the 2022/2023 academic year. The population in this study were all students of class VII MTS Al-Hidayah Kebon IX class XI, totaling 68 students consisting of 3 classes. The sampling technique in this study used the Random Sampling technique so that the samples in this study were 23 students in class VII Nurul Bukhari, and 19 students in class VII Muslim. As for the results obtained after the researchers conducted the research, it can be concluded that the students' science process skills on the indicator of observing ability were included in the good category. This was evidenced by an increase in students' observing abilities from cycle I to cycle III.
Imago: reflexões para proposição de banco de imagens
Authors: Shintaku Milton
Published: July 2023

O presente livro é resultado das ações do Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia (Ibict) na disseminação do conhecimento sobre a temática imagética. Os resultados apresentados são apoiados pelo projeto de pesquisa que visa promover estudos em acervos imagéticos em formato digital na temática de ciência e tecnologia do Ibict ou cedidos por colaboradores do instituto. Desse modo, o projeto teve como objetivo de estruturar modelo de banco de imagens que possa ser integrado e replicado em outras instituições para o mesmo fim, que culminou na criação do banco de imagens do Ibict, chamado “Imago”. Portanto, o livro, além de apresentar parte dos resultados do projeto, contribui para as discussões sobre as imagens e aos aspectos para reflexão de modelos informacionais para bancos de imagens e temas relacionados.
Importancia del buñuelo en los puestos de comida callejera del barrio Santo Domingo Savio, Medellín
Authors: Montes Aristizábal Ana María , Pérez Morales Sebastián , Rúa-Osorio Eddy Yhomara , Chaux-Gutierrez Ana María , Muñoz-Quintero Daniel
Published: July 2023

El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar la importancia del buñuelo como un producto tradicional en los puntos de venta de comida callejera del barrio Santo Domingo Savio de Medellín, y los cambios de la receta tradicional a la comercial. Se realizaron entrevistas a los vendedores de buñuelo en el sector y se identificaron las posibles variaciones en la receta del producto. Los resultados obtenidos demostraron que el buñuelo está presente de manera significativa en los puntos de venta callejera del sector; y además la receta tradicional presenta cambios frente a la receta comercial. Finalmente se concluye que este producto tradicional puede presentarse como una alternativa de generación de ingresos para las personas del barrio Santo Domingo Savio.
Comparative responses of flocculating and nonflocculating yeasts to cell density and chemical stress in lactic acid fermentation
Authors: Pangestu Radityo , Kahar Prihardi , Ogino Chiaki , Kondo Akihiko
Published: July 2023

While flocculation has demonstrated its efficacy in enhancing yeast
robustness and ethanol production, its potential application for lactic
acid fermentation remains largely unexplored. Our study delved into the
impact of flocculating behavior on the metabolic dynamics of
Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains incorporating an exogenous
lactic acid pathway in different cell densities and in the presence of
lignocellulose-derived byproducts. Comparative gene expression profiles
revealed that cultivating a nonflocculant strain at higher cell density
yielded a substantial upregulation of genes associated with glycolysis,
energy metabolism, and other key pathways, resulting in elevated levels
of fermentation products. Meanwhile, the flocculating strain displayed
an inherent ability to sustain high glycolytic activity regardless of
the cell density. Moreover, our investigation revealed a significant
reduction in glycolytic activity under chemical stress, potentially
attributable to diminished ATP supply during the energy investment
phase. Conversely, the formation of flocs in the flocculating strain
conferred protection against toxic chemicals present in the medium,
fostering more stable lactic acid production levels. We postulated that
the cell flocculation phenomenon induced oxygen-limited conditions,
resulting in increased lactate dehydrogenase activity, and helped
protect the cells against acid stress, contributing to the overall
robustness of the flocculant strain. Additionally, the distinct
flocculation traits observed between the two examined strains may be
attributed to differences in the amino acid sequences within the tandem
repeat regions of the flocculin protein. This study uncovers the
potential of flocculation for enhanced lactic acid production in yeast,
offering insights into metabolic mechanisms and potential gene targets
for strain improvement.
In situ formation of highly ordered liquid crystalline polymer via controlled linear polymerization
Authors: Sulaiman Luqman Olaitan , Olamilekan Arinola isa , Adeshina Mohammad Awwal
Published: July 2023

Utilizing lightweight thermally conductive materials that aggressively
dissipate heat produced by microelectronics in constrained locations is
required due to the quick advancement of smart technology. The epoxy
groups attached to the microscopically oriented liquid crystal mesogens
were sequentially woven by the initiator, enabling the ordered LC
microstructures to remain frozen even after curing. A remarkable
improvement in the thermal conductivity of cured liquid crystalline
polymer was made, giving a value of 142% (i.e., 0.51 W m-1 K-1), better
than the commercial epoxy. This was made possible by the minimized
molecular diffusion during heat transport via the ordered LC structure.
Then, by conducting a comprehensive examination employing differential
scanning calorimetry, polarized optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction,
and thermal conductivity tests, the impact of the regulated LCER’s
nanoarchitecture on thermal conductivity was investigated.
miR-221 and Parkinson’s disease: A biomarker with therapeutic potential
Authors: Zamanian Mohammad Yassin , Ivraghi Mehraveh Sadeghi , Gupta Reena , Prasad KDV , Alsaab Hashem , Hussien Beneen , Ahmed Hazem , Ramadan Montather , Oz Tuba , Kujawska Małgorzata
Published: July 2023

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized
by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, leading to
various motor and non-motor symptoms. Several cellular and molecular
mechanisms such as alpha-synuclein accumulation, mitochondrial
dysfunction, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation are involved in the
pathogenesis of this disease. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in
post-transcriptional gene regulation. They are typically about 21-25
nucleotides in length and are involved in the regulation of gene
expression by binding to the messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules. MicroRNAs
like miR-221 play important roles in various biological processes,
including development, cell proliferation, differentiation, and
apoptosis. miR-221 is also implicated in promoting neuronal survival
against oxidative stress and in promoting neurite outgrowth and neuronal
differentiation. Additionally, the role of miR-221 in PD has been
investigated in several studies. According to the results of this study;
1) miR-221 protects against oxidative stress in
6-hydroxydopamine-induced PC12 cells; 2) miR-221 prevents Bax/caspase-3
signaling activation by stopping Bim; 3) miR-221 has moderate predictive
power for PD; 4) miR-221 directly targets PTEN, and PTEN over-expression
eliminates the protective action of miR-221 on p-AKT expression in PC12
cells; 5) miRNA-221, by manipulating the Akt signaling pathway, performs
in controlling cell viability and apoptosis in PD. This review study
suggests that miR-221 may provide an imperative insight for
understanding the underlying mechanisms of PD and could possibly be
targeted as a biomarker for therapeutic interventions in the future.
Comparison of Single-site and Three-port Hysterectomy for Benign Uterine Diseases: A Randomised Trial (LESS-H)
Authors: Kang Ok-Ju , Nam Joo-Hyun , Park Jeong-Yeol
Published: July 2023

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and safety of
laparoendoscopic single-site (LESS) vaginal hysterectomy compared to
conventional three-port laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy
(LAVH) for benign and pre-invasive uterine disease. Design
Randomised controlled trial. Setting South Korea.
Population Patients who were scheduled to undergo laparoscopic
hysterectomy for the benign and pre-invasive uterine diseases
Methods Patients were randomised to LESS LAVH group and
conventional three-port LAVH group. Main outcome Measures To
compare the average length of postoperative hospital stay and the
proportion of patients discharged within two days after surgery between
the LESS and three-port groups. Results A total of 428 patients
were randomised to the LESS group (n=216) and the conventional group
(n=212). The two groups did not show significant differences in the
average length of postoperative hospital stay (LESS vs. three-port, 2.17
days vs. 2.15 days, P = 0.757) and the proportion of patients
discharged within two days after surgery (LESS vs. three-port, 93% vs.
90%, P = 0.277). There were also no significant differences in
operating time, hemoglobin change, and perioperative complications.
While the visual analogue score (VAS) pain score during hospital stay
was similar between the two groups, the pain score at the first
outpatient visit was significantly lower in the LESS group (LESS vs.
three-port, 3.29 vs. 3.93, P = 0.012). Conclusions
Although LESS LAVH was not superior to conventional multiport surgery,
it is a feasible, safe procedure for managing benign and pre-invasive
uterine diseases.
Facile Synthesis of BiSb/C Composite Anodes for High-Performance and Long-Life Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Nzabahimana Joseph , Guo Songtao , Wang Yaya , Hu Xianluo
Published: July 2023

Alloy-type antimony (Sb) is considered as an attractive candidate anode
for high-energy lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) because of its high
theoretical specific capacity and volumetric capacity. However, Sb
suffers from enormous volume variation during cycling, which causes
electrode cracking and pulverization, and hence the fast capacity decay
and poor cyclability, limiting its practical applications as a LIB
anode. Herein, we report a facile, scalable, low-cost and efficient
route to successfully fabricate BiSb/C composites via a two-step
high-energy mechanical milling (HEMM) process. The as-prepared BiSb/C
composites consist of nanosized BiSb totally embedded in a conductive
carbon matrix. As LIB anodes, BiSb/C-73 (with 30 wt % carbon)
electrodes exhibit excellent Li storage properties in terms of stable
high reversible capacities, long-cycle life, and high-rate performance.
Reversible capacities of ∼583, ∼466, ∼433 and ∼425 mAh g–1 at a current
density of 500 mA g–1 after 100, 300, 500 and 1000 cycles,
respectively, were achieved. In addition, a high capacity of ∼380 mAh
g−1 can still be retained at a high rate of 5 A g−1. Such outstanding
cycling stability and rate capability could be mainly attributed to the
synergistic effects between the ability of nanosized BiSb particles to
withstand electrode fracture during Li insertion/extraction and the
buffering effect of the carbon matrix. The as-prepared BiSb/C composites
are based on commercially available and low-cost Bi, Sb and graphite
materials. Interestingly, HEMM is more convenient, efficient, scalable,
green and mass-production route, making as-prepared materials attractive
for high-energy LIBs.
Analysis of Internal Nasal Valves Shapes and Angle due to Nasal Obstruction in Asian Nose
Authors: Melati Tiara , Reksodiputro Mirta Hediyati , Koento Trimartani , Iljanto Sandi
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND

Internal nasal valve (INV) is widely discussed because it is believed to have a role in structural nasal obstruction. Caucasian has a rather acute angle of INV due to the known geometric of their nose. Whilst Asian generally has broader, thicker, and bigger anthropometric proportion of nose than Caucasian. Asia is vastly diverse in ethnicity, one can only assume that Asian INV may be differ in shape and larger in angles compare to Caucasian, due to the minimum publication addressing this issue.

AIM

To report the anatomy of INV and its angle in obstructed Asian noses.

METHOD

A case control study was conducted. Forty cases of nasal obstruction and 80 controls without nasal obstruction. Both groups were evaluated using Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) questionnaire, rigid nasal endoscopy and active anterior rhinomanometry (AAR). Anatomy and angle of INV was later measured using digital image analysis.

RESULT

Six basic INV shapes were seen throughout both groups, many has different shape combinations. Most commonly (more than 60%) observed shape in both groups were the occupied by nasal septal body (NSB). The right INV angle in case group was 15,5º ± 10,1º (p = 0,123) and left INV angle was 17,2º ± 9,0º (p = 0,022). In control group, the right INV angle was 19,6º ± 11,8º (p = 0,123) and left INV angle was 23,2º ± 12,5º (p = 0,022).

CONCLUSION

It is shown that most common shape of Asian INV in both groups, is the occupancy by NSB. Internal nasal valve angle in obstructed nose is narrower in comparison to those without nasal obstruction. This study also demonstrates Asian, particularly Indonesian, has a wider angle than Caucasian.
Manfaat Dan Kaidah Etik Digitalisasi Pelayanan Kesehatan
Authors: Pulungan Aman
Published: July 2023

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Perawatan Kulit Kering pada Lansia
Authors: Yulisa Dennely , Menaldi Sri Linuwih
Published: July 2023

Kulit kering atau xerosis kutis merupakan kondisi kulit yang mengalami kekurangan kandungan air di stratum korneum. Kondisi tersebut sering terjadi pada lansia akibat menurunnya aktivitas kelenjar keringat, sebasea, gangguan keratinisasi serta menurunnya jumlah seramid dan natural mosturizing factor (NMF) atau kondisi penyakit lainnya.  Kasus kulit kering di Indonesia dilaporkan pada tahun 2008 hingga 2013 di RSCM sebanyak 63,78%. Gejala kulit kering adalah gatal dengan lesi mulai dari eritema, skuama hingga berfisura yang predileksinya pada ekstensor tungkai bawah dan panggul. Perawatan kulit kering meliputi pemberian pelembab topikal, perubahan gaya hidup dan penyesuaian terhadap lingkungan. Penggunaan emolien dan petrolatum disarankan mengandung 10% urea atau 5% asam laktat digunakan dua kali sehari segera setelah mandi. Pemilihan sediaan pelembab menyesuaikan derajat xerosis dan kenyamanan pasien. Dianjurkan menghindari pelembab yang mengandung agen iritatif atau memicu sensitisasi kulit. Modifikasi kebiasaan seperti durasi mandi yang singkat, penggunaan sabun yang tepat dan kelembaban lingkungan juga penting bagi perawatan kulit kering.
The Influence of Internal Motivation and Digital Literacy Towards Students’ Proactivity
Authors: Siswanto Ibnu , Wu Mingchang , Widowati Asri , Wakid Muhkamad
Published: July 2023

The Indonesian government runs Teaching Campus Program as part of the Merdeka Learning Campus Merdeka (MBKM) – Independent Campus Program – which aims to provide opportunities for students to learn and develop hard and soft skills through meaningful activities outside the classroom. Proactivity has been considered a crucial competency to support one's success and this study aims at determining the factors that affect it. The aims of this study is to analyses the effect of student’s internal motivation and digital literacy on their proactivity. This study use a quantitative method, it involved 132 students who participated in Phase 1 of the Teaching Campus Program. The data were collected using an online questionnaire. The data were analyzed by regression and the results showed that students’ internal motivation and digital literacy had a positive and significant influence on their proactivity. The result of study found that to enhance students’ proactivity, their internal motivation and digital literacy need to be put forward. To stimulate students’ internal motivation, they should be asked frequently about their learning goals and objectives in higher education, or their targets after graduation, while improving their digital literacy is by applying online learning (e-learning) in the classroom. The Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) learning system can also be implemented to improve digital literacy skills.
Students' Misconceptions: Viewed from Students' Perceptions on Magnetic Field Learning
Authors: Maison Maison , Kurniawan Dwi Agus , Yolviansyah Fauziah , Sandra Rizka Octavia , Iqbal Muhammad
Published: July 2023

Misconceptions are errors in connecting concepts that result in understanding new ideas and concepts in students' minds into wrong concepts. This study aims to analyze the effect of critical thinking skills on misconceptions in magnetic field material. The research method used in this study is mixed method. In this study, the sampling technique used was a simple random sampling technique to take the sample from the population. The sample used was 30 students taken randomly through a lottery, so 30 students were obtained as samples.  The data collection instruments used in this study were interview sheets and questionnaires. The research design used was a sequential explanatory design. From the descriptive results of the misconceptions data, it is found that the mean of students' misconceptions is 3.59, which means that students' misconceptions are still relatively low. The descriptive results of critical thinking skills data show that the mean of critical thinking skills is 64.03, which means students' critical thinking skills are in a good category. The regression coefficient indicates an influence of critical thinking skills on misconceptions that can be seen from F_ = 28,740 with a significance/probability level of 0.001 < 0.05. It was concluded that there was an effect of critical thinking skills on misconceptions, seen from the higher the value of critical thinking skills, the lower students experiencing misconceptions.