bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Menopause Is a Natural Stage of Aging: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Ilankoon IMPS , Samarasinghe Kerstin , Elgán Carina
Published: December 2020

Background Menopause is a biopsychosocial phenomenon encompassing the transition in a woman’s life from being fertile to infertile. Although menopause may result in extremely unpleasant physical symptoms there is evidence of a low rate of reported menopausal symptoms amongst women in Asian cultures. Women’s experiences, views, and responses to menopause which influences women’s daily life and well-being, may vary between different societies and cultures. This study aimed to explore and describe menopausal experiences among women in Sri Lanka. Methods A qualitative exploratory research was conducted among postmenopausal women of 46-55 years of age in the western province of Sri Lanka. Individual interviews with a purposive sample of 20 women were conducted, and data analysis was done using manifest and latent content analysis. Results The results consist of an overall theme, “Menopause is a natural stage of aging” and three categories “Entering a new stage”, “Managing menopause” and “Not the end of life” which emerged from 34 codes. The overall theme highlights that changes in menopause were experienced as a natural change in life, with health problems that are normal for this change and handled with different self-care practices. The category “Entering a new stage” describes the women becoming aware of menopause and its bodily changes. The category “Managing menopause” describes women’s experiences of being able to find their own remedies to ease the menopausal symptoms and by engaging in religious activities and focusing on interaction with people. The category, “Not the end of life” describes women's views of themselves as still valuable because menopause was experienced as a natural part of their lives. Conclusion Women in Sri Lanka managed menopausal problem mainly on their own as they viewed the menopause as a natural stage of aging risking unnecessary suffering and failure to detect preventable complications. Enabling support groups for menopausal women and improving on their health-seeking behaviour by encouraging them to take part in screening for cervical and breast cancer would improve their condition. Further information on additional hormone therapy with a, subsequent follow-up and evaluation by community health nurses and/or midwives, would facilitate Sri Lankan women's transition to menopause.
Evaluation of the therapeutic effect of high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy on patients with aspiration pneumonia accompanied by respiratory failure in the post-stroke sequelae stage
Authors: Xing Dong , Chen Yu-Hong , Wang Lan-Tao , Yu Bin , Ran Zhi-Bin , Chen Li
Published: December 2020

Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen therapy on patients with aspiration pneumonia accompanied by respiratory failure in the post-stroke sequelae stage, with the goal of providing more effective oxygen therapy and improving patient prognosis. Methods: Retrospective analysis was conducted on 103 elderly patients with post-stroke aspiration pneumonia and moderate respiratory failure (oxygenation index: 100–200 mmHg) that had been admitted. The patients were divided into two groups according to the mode of oxygen therapy that was used: the Venturi mask group and the HFNC treatment group. The two groups were analyzed and compared in terms of the changes in the blood gas indices measured at different points in time (4, 8, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h), the proportion of patients that required transition to invasive auxiliary ventilation, and the 28-day mortality rate. Results: A total of 103 patients were retrospectively analyzed; 16 cases were excluded, and 87 patients were included in the final patient group (42 in the HFNC group and 45 in the Venturi group). There was a statistically significant difference in the oxygenation indices of the HFNC group and the Venturi group (F = 546.811, P < 0.05). There was a statistically significant interaction between the monitored oxygenation indices and the mode of oxygen therapy (F = 70.961, P < 0.05), and there was a statistically significant difference in the oxygenation indices for the two modes of oxygen therapy (F = 256.977, P < 0.05). HFNC therapy contributed to the improvement of the oxygenation indices at a rate of 75.1%. The Venturi and HFNC groups also differed significantly in terms of the proportion of patients that required transition to invasive auxiliary ventilation within 72 h (P < 0.05). The HFNC group’s risk for invasive ventilation was 0.406 times that of the Venturi group (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in the 28-day mortality rate of the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: HFNC could significantly improve the oxygenation state of patients with post-stroke aspiration pneumonia and respiratory failure, and it may reduce the incidence of invasive ventilation.
Nurses’ and midwives’ perspectives on participation in national policy development, review and reforms in Ghana: A qualitative study
Authors: Acheampong Angela Kwartemaa , Ohene Lillian Akorfa , Asante Isabella Naana Akyaa , Kyei Josephine , Dzansi Gladys , Adjei Charles Ampong , Adjorlolo Samuel , Boateng Francis , Woolley Philomena , Nyante Felix , Aziato Lydia
Published: December 2020

Background: The World Health Organization has admonished member countries to strive towards achieving universal health coverage (UHC) through actionable health policies and strategies. Nurses and midwives have instrumental roles in achieving UHC via health policy development and implementation. However, there is a paucity of empirical data on nurses’ and midwives’ participation in policy development in Ghana. The current study explored nurses’ and midwives’ participation in policy development, reviews, and reforms in Ghana.Methods: A qualitative descriptive exploratory design was adopted for this study. One-on-one individual interviews were conducted after 30 participants were purposefully selected. Data were audiotaped with permission, transcribed, and analyzed inductively using the content analysis procedures. Results: Two main themes emerged from the data: participation in policy development and perspectives on policy reviews and reforms. The findings showed that during health policy development and reviews, nurses in Ghana were overlooked and unacknowledged. Policy reforms regarding bridging the pre-service preparation gap, staff development and motivation mechanisms, and influence on admission into nursing schools were raisedConclusion: The authors concluded that nurses and midwives are crucial members of the healthcare systems and their inputs in policy development and reviews would improve health delivery in Ghana.
Humanistic Care in the Intensive Care Unit: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Hasandoost Fateme , Mohammadi Eesa , Khademi Mojgan , Seddighi Mahyar
Published: December 2020

Background: Nurses working in intensive care units do their main part of the job using medical equipment. Nursing scholars have raised concerns about the decline and lack of attention to humanistic care in nursing. One of the threatening factors can be the high attention of nurses to the use of technology, especially in intensive care. Up to now, there has been little investigation of the nurses' perceptions of this phenomenon. The aim of the study was, therefore, to explore the perceptions of nurses and attendants of humanistic care in the intensive care unit.Methods: The present study was a qualitative conventional content analysis (COREQ guidelines) conducted in. an intensive care unit in a hospital in Qazvin, Iran, in 2019. Data was collected using unstructured interviews and field notes and then analyzed using the Elo-Kyngäs method in 2008. Findings: Continuous and comparative analysis of the data led to the extraction of 4 main themes as follows: 1) Insufficient understanding of nurses and patients’ families of each other's roles, needs, and expectations; 2) The use of personal and situational reasoning rather than ethical principles; 3) Caring stagnation, and 4) Satisfaction with care.Conclusion: The findings of the study indicated that due to insufficient equipment, high workloads, and anxieties, nurses and attendants might not be able to understand each other’s roles and expectations. If it is not resolved properly, this situation will end in conflicts and stagnation in healthcare. Patients admitted to an intensive care unit are usually in critical health conditions. However, nurses feel satisfied with the outcome of their jobs when those patients are discharged from the hospital with a stable health condition. Shedding more light on the humanistic care status in intensive care units in Iran, the results of this research can be applied to health professionals and nursing managers.
РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ АЛГОРИТМОВ ИСКУССТВЕННОГО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТА: СОСТОЯНИЕ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ
Authors:   V. B. Sochava Institute of Geography SB RAS, Blanutsa V.
Published: December 2020

The national strategy for the development of artificial intelligence for the period up to 2030 sets the task of a significant increase in the number of scientific articles by Russian scientists in this field. To do this, it is necessary to navigate the priorities, problems and prospects of scientific research carried out all over the world. However, there is currently not a single generalizing work on regional economic studies using artificial intelligence algorithms. Therefore, the object of the study was the world array of scientific publications on regional economic research, and the subject of the study was a lot of articles on the use of artificial intelligence algorithms in such studies. The purpose of the work was to generalize world experience. To select the necessary publications, a self-organizing semantic search algorithm has been developed, based on the ideas of content analysis, expert systems and machine learning. The search was carried out in the Scopus database. About a hundred articles were identified. A brief description of ten artificial intelligence algorithms used in regional economic research is given. Analysis of world experience has revealed five features: algorithms are not used to solve all research problems; are not aimed at creating a universal autonomous artificial intelligence system; are increasingly focusing outside of artificial neural networks; rarely used in combination; in domestic works are less diverse than in competing countries. It is proposed to focus efforts on identification of economic regions of specific functioning of production, transport and service systems of artificial intelligence; identification of territorial digital platforms; analysis of the intensity of gravitational interaction of geographically distributed socio-economic objects through 5G and 6G telecommunication networks; assessment of the direction and volume of regional information flows; determination of models of spatial diffusion of innovations in artificial intelligence among Russian regions. The accelerated development of these areas with significant government support will allow Russia to provide a methodological gap from other countries in the field of regional economic research by 2030
Developing measures to improve the performance of transnational corporations in the context of a pandemic
Authors:   Irkutsk national research technical University, Shuangshuang Li
Published: December 2020

This article presents the conditions of transnational corporations’ activity in the period of aggravated situation associated with coronavirus infection. The activities of large multinational companies in such industries as digital electronics (“Apple”, “Intel”, “Qualcomm”), automotive (“General Motors”, “Ford”, “Toyota”), air transportation (“American Airlines”, “Delta Air Lines”, “United Airlines”, “Lufthansa” and “British Airways”) are revealed. A list of measures that contribute to a painless way out of the crisis for multinational companies is presented. It is proposed to create agencies based on a multinational company to make decisions in emergency situations, which should contribute to earlier detection of threats and quickly make the right management decisions. The role of potential risk assessment and implementation of emergency response mechanisms is described. There is a need to create a positive and active mechanism for exchanging information for employees, customers and suppliers, as well as the formation of standard communication documents. The importance of maintaining the physical and psychological health of employees and the need to analyze the nature of jobs for the adoption of appropriate recovery plans is determined. The article presents the importance for multinational companies in establishing plans to respond to supply chain risks. This will make it possible to manage inventory more effectively in the short term in the context of reduced consumption. It is proposed to pay special attention to solutions for identifying risks related to productivity and maintaining customer relationships caused by the inability to resume production in the short term. It is stated that multinational companies should create or modernize mechanisms for systematic risk management and control, identify the main risks in advance and develop plans to respond to them
PALEOGEOGRAPHY OF THE SARTAN GLACIATION OF THE PATOMSKY AND NORTH-BAIKAL HIGHLANDS
Authors:   Institute of Natural Resources, Ecology and Сryoiogy SB RAS, Enikeev F.
Published: December 2020

The article presents the results of the reconstruction of the spatial boundaries and parameters of glaciers for the isolated mountain structures of the Patomsky and North Baikal uplands in the era of the Last Glaciation (MIS 2) with the construction of a paleogeographic map. The object of this study is the dynamics of exogenous processes during the development of the permafrost zone in Eastern Siberia. The subject of research is the glacial relief forms of the Late Neopleistocene of the Patomsky and North Baikal uplands. The comparative, descriptive, cartographic research methods, methods of observation and actualism have been used. Based on the interpretation of aerial and satellite images, the identification of typomorphic glaciers with the maximum number of preserved destructive and accumulative glaciogenic forms, a depression of the snow boundary was established, which at that time was at the level of 2000…2100 m. The features of the lower boundary deformations of the chionosphere were revealed. Its deepest minimum is noted on the northwestern edge of the considered territory. The greatest decrease in relation to the paleoclimatic snow boundary, which extended to an altitude of 1600…1700 m, was 600…700 m. The positive extremum was confined to the central part of the Patom upland and exceeded the paleoclimatic snow line by 50…100 m. Anomalous extremes at that time period are due to global climatic, regional orographic and local (slope exposure) causes. It has been determined that in terms of morphology, glaciation of the territories under consideration is mountain-valley and reticulate with several sections of mountain-cover, confined to the flattened surfaces of the summit belt of mountain structures. According to the difference between the ice surface isolines and the valley bottom in the cross section, the thickness of the glacier was specified, and could reach 400…600 m. When searching for alluvial occurrences and gold deposits, as well as when sampling placer flows and secondary geochemical halos, it is recommended to orient prospecting in the direction of movement of ice masses. The new paleogeographic data obtained will increase the possibilities of more efficient mapping of Quaternary sediments within the North Baikal and Patom uplands and the identification of specific sections of river valleys in this area, favourable for placer formation
DEVELOPMENT AND TESTING OF TECHNOLOGY FOR PROCESSING SANDS FROM THE DREDGE FIELD TEST SITE FOR EXTRACTING GOLD AND HEAVY MINERALS CONTAINING MAGNETIC PARTICLES
Authors:   Transbaikal State University, Shumilova L. , Cherkasov V. ,   Transbaikal State University, Yurgenson G. ,   Institute of Natural Resources, Ecology and Cryology SB RAS, Myazin V. ,   Transbaikal State University
Published: December 2020

The state of mineral resources base of the world and Russia is analyzed. Two variants of the model of Russia’s innovative way of development on the basis of the best available technologies’ introduction (BAT) are considered. The conclusion is made that not only Russian resources, but also Russian technologies, specialists and equipment play an important role in the choice of the model of innovative way of development. The authors’ block-scheme of BAT implementation at a mining enterprise is presented. It consists of four blocks: 1) analytical and research; 2) economic and analytical; 3) implementation project development; 4) obtaining an integrated environmental permit and BAT implementation. Emphasis is made on the fact that new environmental standards are being currently developed for the permissible integrated environmental impact of industrial facilities, which by 01.01.2025 should comply with all mining enterprises in Russia. A specific case of the developed, patented and tested technology of processing sands from the dredge field test side of the Dzharmagatay deposit (Transbaikal region), which includes gravity-magnetic-flocculation-electrical methods of enrichment, combined with cyanide leaching of gold, is considered. The method refers to the best available technology, as it allows to achieve a high level of mineral resources use (integration and rationality), to reduce pollution of atmo-, hydro-, litho- and biosphere by emissions and discharges
MODERN WESTERN POLITICAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL CONCEPTS OF NATIONAL AND RELIGIOUS SECURITY
Authors:   Far Eastern Higher Combined Arms Command School named after Marshal of the Soviet Union K.K.Rokossovsky, Kononov S. , Zhukov А. ,   Transbaikal State University, Romanova N. ,   Transbaikal State University
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the analysis of modern interpretations of national and religious security within the framework of philosophical concepts of the West. The aim of the study is to conceptualize modern philosophical ideas about security. To solve it, the authors use the methodology of phenomenological and hermeneutic analysis of texts, historical-cultural and comparative analysis. The novelty of the study is due to the fact that the current trends in the development of the philosophy of security here are associated with the desire to understand the essence of security as a complex system, the structure of which consists of a number of subsystems, including man, society, power, international community. The authors prove that the provisions’ synthesis of these concepts provides the basis for the formation of an integral concept of security, taking into account the concepts’ provisions that indicate the material, ontological content of threats from the surrounding globalizing world and the mental content of threats designed by consciousness in response to the increasing influence of modern processes of informatization and virtualization. According to the authors, within the framework of the integral concept of security on the basis of the principle of complementarity it is necessary to synthesize the provisions of the national-state concept of security, concept of the “world community”, concept of “soft power” and the provisions of postmodern concepts devoted to modern threats, protection from which is possible only within the framework of the collective security system, taking into account measures of protection from external and mental threats of the person, society to the state
The Spectral Reflectance Response of ‘Riviera’ Common Bermudagrass to Increasing Saline Irrigation Concentrations
Authors: Gopinath Lakshmy , Barton Matthew , Moss Justin Quetone
Published: December 2020

The availability of freshwater is a growing concern throughout the world as it is an increasingly valuable and limited resource. Alternative water resources such as recycled water low in quality and high in salinity are now frequently used to irrigate turfgrass. However, irrigating with highly saline water can affect the growth, performance, appearance, and quality of turfgrass. Bermudagrass (Cynodon sp.) is the most commonly used turfgrass throughout the southern United States. In this study, the spectral reflectance and visual response of ‘Riviera’ common bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) were evaluated by consecutively irrigating with 12 salinity concentrations (4–48 dS·m−1) in increments of 4 dS·m−1 via manual overhead irrigation for 30 days. The experiment was replicated in time in a controlled environment with four replications for each salinity treatment and control. ‘Riviera’ maintained a leaf firing (LF) value above 5 (rated on a scale from 1 to 9) when irrigated with 28 dS·m−1 for 30 days. Also, the LF value did not fall below 2 when irrigated with a salinity concentration of 48 dS·m−1 for 30 days, suggesting high salinity tolerance of ‘Riviera’. However, in this study, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) had a lower ability to detect the increase in salinity stress due to the limited area measured by the NDVI measuring device used. An increase in sodium ion concentration was observed in the shoot with increasing salinity concentrations. The NDVI was highly correlated (r = 0.93) to LF, indicating the usefulness of NDVI as a tool to measure the magnitude of salinity stress. The multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the data showed a linear response to salinity stress with LF (r2 = 0.86) and NDVI (r2 = 0.76) decreasing linearly as the salinity concentration and days of treatment increased. This study provides an accurate depiction of the spectral and visual responses of ‘Riviera’ when exposed to multiple salinity concentrations with narrow increments.
The Accreditation Issues of Private Universities in Malawi
Authors: Kajawo Samson C R , Dong Xiuhua
Published: December 2020

This article analyses the perceptions of various stakeholders regarding their views on how accreditation issues were affecting private universities’ operations in Malawi. The article was based on a study that was conducted at six private universities in Malawi using a mixed methods research approach, utilising a descriptive survey research design. It involved a total of 152 respondents comprising of registrars, heads of departments, teachers and students from the targeted private universities, as well as public and private sectors executives in the country. This study revealed that the majority of the respondents were of the view that Malawi National Council for Higher Education was doing a commendable job in providing the needed monitoring and evaluation of higher education institutions and their respective study programmes in Malawi. It was also revealed that the action of being discredited or deregistered had a very big impact on the reputation of the concerned universities, students and the already produced graduates, hence the visits by NCHE officials created tension at the institutions. Nevertheless, the study concluded that the accreditation of institutions of higher learning and their study programmes was the only way to go in enhancing and controlling the quality of higher education in Malawi since there is no alternative to strict compliance to high standards. The need for revision of the higher education policies and laws in the country to strongly discourage the operation of the institution prior to their registration and accreditation by NCHE is strongly recommended.
Growing up in a Single Parent Family; A Determining factor of Adolescent’s Well-being
Authors: Gupta Ajita , Kashyap Seema
Published: December 2020

Family is the backbone of all children and children are supposed to grow in a family setting where both mother and father plays their respective roles in providing them a sense of security and stability but when it is done single handedly it becomes quite difficult to perform up to the expectations.  In recent years, there has been a sudden rise in the phenomenon of single parent families in India due to multiple factors including the influences from western society. The present article is an attempt to review the available literature on single parent families, their causal factors, strengths as well as its weaknesses. Furthermore, the positive and negative impact of single parenting on adolescent’s physical, psychological, emotional, behavioral, educational and social wellbeing is also discussed in detail. Besides, this paper suggests few strategies for single parents so that they can easily manage and cope up with the difficulties they face in such situations which might be helpful in improving the wellbeing of their adolescent children.
Pink Floyd’s Time: an aural metanarrative exploring time through form, lyric, and musical arrangement
Authors:   Associate Professor, Christ University., Mathews Shobana P , Varier Vishal
Published: December 2020

The inability of language to capture the essence of time is a crisis that has been expressed by philosophers starting from St. Augustine to Paul Ricoeur. Appearing on their seminal album, Dark Side of the Moon, Pink Floyd’s Time is a profound artistic attempt which transcends this language barrier by using music to bring the listeners to a more direct confrontation with time; doing so by juxtaposing time as calibrated and as experienced through the music and the lyrics, and by making the reader experience time-based affects such as impatience, expectation, monotony, and such. As a direct function of song, time is experienced as musical time in the song, thereby ensuring that the listener’s confrontation with time is immersive, with lyrics that describe the nature of experienced and calibrated time working synchronously with the music to complete the image. In the context of its release in 1974, the 6:52 minute song was in engagement with the concept of time as well, in that it was among the pioneering ones which redefined radio broadcast time beyond the standard 3 minutes afforded to popular music tracks, with the commercially preferred listener span in mind. The matter of time thus becomes a multi-layered formal engagement in the song, at the level of lyric, recording, music and listening, thereby making possible an image of time that is polished and rounded. These aural, lyrical and production-based concepts will be addressed and expanded upon to show how Pink Floyd’s Time functions as a metanarrative in how it uses and invokes the elements of time to talk about time.
Sustainability, Civilization and Women- An Environmental Study of The Overstory by Richard Powers
Authors:   PhD scholar, Amity Institute of English Studies and Research, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India., Gandotra Nikita , Agrawal Shuchi ,   Associate Professor, Amity Institute of English Studies and Research, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Published: December 2020

The Overstory by Richard Powers is a reflection of the environmental issues gripping the human civilization once ozone depletion and global warming loomed into focus. Global warming and an intensive exploration of environmental effects on the human civilization have gained significance over time and they persist to be eminent topic of debate in both local and global context. While Emerson and Thoreau pay serious literary attention in nineteenth-century America; Robert Frost engages with ecology in the twentieth century. Likewise contemporary American literature reflects the conflicts that surfaced due to the industrial and technological moves affecting the environment. Richard Powers’ novel forms an example how individuals and communities negotiate with these phenomena. There is nothing like Wordsworth and the English romanticists in fiction like The Overstory; there is nevertheless a romantic idealism in the characters whose engagement and commitment to environment and trees is portrayed by Powers. His reference to the Chipko movement is a gesture towards radical practical need and towards human commitment. Powers lets his character Mother N to affirm the strength of the Chipko women in India and the Kayapo Indians in Brazil, who stood up for trees. This strongly underlines the author’s intention: women are central to civilization and sustainability. The paper aims to establish a relationship between sustainability and trees which symbolize life, and women who play a crucial role in sustaining both nature and civilization, in a sense, an ecofeminism.
Reading Hypertext as Cyborg: The Case of Patchwork Girl
Authors:   Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Humanities & Social Sciences, BITS Pilani (Hyderabad Campus)., Sarkar Jaya
Published: December 2020

This essay examines Patchwork Girl by Shelley Jackson to reveal how hypertext functions like the posthuman concept of the cyborg defined by Haraway as “a condensed image of bothimagination and material reality.” For the theoretical framework, I draw on Katherine Hayles and Rosi Braidotti’s theories of Posthumanism and cyborg subjectivity, among other Postmodernist Feminist ideas of the body and visual culture. Using these theories, my essay will answer the central question that underlies how this new revisionist and interactive medium of storytelling parodies the traditional roles of the author and the reader. Interpreting a ‘cyborg’ hypertext requires a “cyborg reader,” not only because the reader shares a posthuman connection with the narrative in terms of involving their gestures through touch and click, but also because the hypertext forces the reader to adopt a gaze that is equally modular and fragmentary. My paper argues that just like the medium of hypertext itself, the author and the reader become a part of the cyborg subjectivity.
The Contemporary Dystopian Reality of Slavery and Modern Capitalism in Octavia Butler’s Parable Novels
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of English, NEHU., Hodge Cr Patricia Mary
Published: December 2020

Critical dystopia as an analytic category for historical enquiry explores contemporary reality and its specificities in time and space. It functions as anagnorisis or recognition of the dystopian realities in the present through its generic mode of familiarising the heightened dystopian elements of the text as possible evolutions of current oppressions. This paper suggests that this anagnorisis through comparison and extrapolation is limited and needs to consider how the text ironically reveals the absence of historical specificity through its comparison of the contemporary present and the imagined future. Instead, specificity is replaced with a linear historical trajectory where dystopia occurs cyclically in metamorphosed forms within a fixed, yet evolving power-structure. This projects the nature of the dystopia in the text part of an evolutionary process, not a product of its historically specific period. Through the interrogation of how the legally abolished system of slavery is historically shifted into the future hyper-capitalist market system in Octavia Butler’s Parable novels, this paper will reveal how the anagnorisis of the novels functions to locate dystopia as present and evolving in a historical trajectory of cyclical structural repetition. This familiarisation of the historical event of slavery in the novels posits the dystopian text’s anagnorisis as not simply the recognition of dystopian elements specifically in the present but broadens it to the recognition of the historical evolution of those same human atrocities that appear to ‘resurge’ in dystopia.
The Absence of the Female in Medical Discourses of 19th century Bengal
Authors:   Assistant Professor, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Sharda University, Roy Tapti
Published: December 2020

The 19th century also witnessed a plethora of innovations in medicine that led to the rejection of the theory of miasma giving rise to a new perspective on human body and the diseases thereof which facilitated substantial study on tropical medicine and diseases by the imperial administration. Few contemporary novels bear testimony to this advancement of medicine and the advent of natives in the military and civil medical services. The paper, in question, will utilise one such novel that is, Banaphool’s Agniswar as an entrepot to question the absence of women in the evolving 19th century colonial medical discourse as active beneficiaries. It would seek to establish that women suffered worse than their male counterparts as their diseases were considered to be private affairs to be dealt exclusively within the confines of the household. The paper will commence by classifying contemporary females under three heads that is Memsahibs, Bhadramahilas, and the rest followed by studying them on the basis of Edward John Tilt’s Health in India for British Women, the case of Queen Empress vs Hurree Mohun Mythee, 26th July, 1890, and finally Ranajit Guha’s Chandra’s Death. To sum up, the female bodies will be studied as homogenous, dehumanized, and malleable, spaces appropriated by the males both native and colonial, to serve as sites of performative resistance against polluting mutual influences. Additionally, as female bodies they were intended to be ideologically consumable objects embodying the discourses of purity of the respective civilizations. Protecting the female body, claiming ownership, and control followed by the apathy of the colonial administration will be demonstrated as a reflection of medicine and public health in colonial India as a selective enterprise seeking to maximize economic and political gains.
Khaled Hosseini’s The Kite Runner: Unveiling the Trauma of Adolescent Boys Trapped in Afghanistan’s Culturally Legitimised Paedophilia-‘Bacha Bazi’
Authors:   Assistant Professor, SHSS, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Thakur Pallavi
Published: December 2020

Khaled Hosseini’s The Kite Runner is a powerful narrative on ‘Bacha Bazi’, “same-sex pedophilia restricted to adult men and adolescent boys” (Powell, 2018, p.1), prevalent in Afghanistan. When marginalisation of Afghan women became the nucleus of major studies , especially during the Taliban regime in Afghanistan, Hosseini unveiled in The Kite Runner, the gruesome Afghan culture of ‘Bacha Bazi’ that disintegrates a boy’s social and sexual identity. ‘Bacha Bazi’ is not consensual rather coercion hence is equivalent to rape and reflects the grotesque violation of Afghan male children’s human rights. While the world viewed Afghanistan as a land of incessant wars, tribal conflicts, violence and female exploitation, Khaled Hosseini’s The Kite Runner provided a startling insight into ‘Bacha Bazi’ and its implications on Afghan boys. The novel reveals the socio-culture domain of Afghanistan and ethnic rivalry playing an instrumental role in the existence of Bacha Bazi. In the light of the above discussions, the present paper examines the deleterious effects of Bacha Bazi on Afghan male children. It elucidates the psychological trauma of adolescent Afghan boys that evolves out of the sexual abuse and new androgynous identity imposed on them.
Ecoturismo implementado en el mundo globalizado como alternativa de desarrollo económico y social
Authors: Millán-Rojas Edwin Eduardo , Sánchez-Castillo Verenice , Gómez-Cano Carlos Alberto
Published: December 2020

El presente trabajo desarrolla los fundamentos teóricos del ecoturismo como alternativa de desarrollo social y económico en el mundo globalizado. Se utilizó el método exploratorio descriptivo con el propósito de indagar experiencias significativas en diferentes países, buscando los impactos positivos y negativos del ecoturismo en diferentes contextos. Se logró demostrar la necesidad de acompañar las iniciativas empresariales del ecoturismo con una educación ambiental para mitigar el gasto del recurso ambiental ocasionado por su sobreexplotación. Al final se deja evidencia de los diferentes casos de éxito y problemáticas generadas a partir del desarrollo social y económico ocasionado por el ecoturismo en diferentes comunidades en el mundo, donde se evidencia que a pesar de estar en sitios geográficos distantes, los problemas generalmente son los mismos. Por último, es necesario ampliar a nuevos trabajos en los que se sistematicen las prácticas tangibles de la educación ambiental y cómo esta impacta de manera real en el desarrollo de las comunidades.
Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação: investigação sobre contribuições de objetos de aprendizagem em processo de alfabetização e letramento
Authors: Melo Andressa Cristina Dadério de , Pereira Ana Claudia Câmara , Fiscarelli Silvio Henrique
Published: December 2020

Nas últimas décadas, o Brasil tem proposto e implementado um conjunto de políticas públicas no âmbito da educação que propõem ações voltadas para o aprimoramento do processo de alfabetização, e estabelecem metas voltadas para a melhoria da qualidade na educação. Os resultados obtidos através da aplicação dos instrumentos de avaliação em larga escala mostram que um dos grandes desafios brasileiros é o de melhorar os níveis de proficiência em leitura, escrita e matemática, pois mesmo depois de três anos de escolarização 22% dos estudantes só desenvolveram habilidades elementares. O uso da tecnologia como elemento lúdico, motivador tem demonstrado ser um recurso eficiente e capaz de promover o desenvolvimento cognitivo das crianças. Assim, desenvolvemos Objetos de Aprendizagem, como um recurso de apoio ao processo de alfabetização, com objetivo de verificar as suas possíveis contribuições por meio de uma análise sistematizada das práticas em salas de aula de 1º e 2º ano.
Criatividade: a habilidade necessária aos profissionais neste século
Authors: Carneiro Maria Angela Barbato , Noffs Neide de Aquino
Published: December 2020

O momento atual da humanidade tem se caracterizado por inúmeras mudanças sociais, econômicas e políticas que se refletem na educação. Fruto desse processo, ela deve estar alinhada à nova ordem mundial sem, contudo, perder de vista as funções; reflexiva, cooperativa, comunicativa e criativa. Nesse sentido, este trabalho tem como objetivo principal discutir o conceito de criatividade e a sua relevância no desenvolvimento das habilidades fundamentais na formação de docentes, buscando transformá-los em sujeitos críticos e capazes de solucionar rapidamente os problemas enfrentados no mundo atual. Dessa feita, a formação de profissionais da educação deve desenvolver a capacidade criativa de modo que eles se tornem sujeitos ativos, no processo de transformação social. Trata-se de um estudo teórico que se propõe a oferecer algumas sugestões para a docência de modo a estimular, sobretudo na universidade, o processo criativo.
Perspective of healthcare workers regarding self-protection during COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study from Saudi Arabia
Authors:   Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia, et al. Alshahrani
Published: December 2020

The aim of this study was to assess the perception of healthcare workers regarding self-protection during the COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia. The novel COVID-19 pandemic has completely changed the dynamic of governments, social lives, global economy, and health care systems priorities. Healthcare workers (HCWs) are one of the most group of people at risk of acquiring the infection, especially those who are taking care of COVID-19 patients. This cross-sectional survey-based study was conducted among HCWs during the period between May to July 2020 in Saudi Arabia. More than 70% of participating HCWs were able to access the personal safety policies and procedures in the workplace and COVID-19 treatment algorithm. In addition, the presence of an infection control team was also present in most of the institutes. The most common accessible personal protective equipment was hand gel sanitizer (89.9%), followed by disposable gloves (82.5%) and disposable masks (78.9%). More than 75% of participants reported that their institute has a special infection control team during the COVID-19 pandemic. Most of the respondents (~75%) believe that their institute would take all necessary measurements to protect their personal integrity at work. Several precautionary measures were undertaken appropriately by the Saudi Government to overcome the COVID-19 immediate and futuristic consequences. Personal protective equipment and protective measures would be crucial for public health if implemented appropriately during highly spreading infections (e.g., COVID-19) to minimize the transmission and preserve health
Calculation of Invariant Manifolds of Piecewise-Smooth Maps
Authors: Zhusubaliyev Z. T. , Rubanov V. G. , Gol’tsov Yu. A.
Published: December 2020

Purpose of reseach is of the work is to develop an algorithm for calculating stable invariant manifolds of saddle periodic orbits of piecewise smooth maps. Method is based on iterating the fundamental domain along a stable subspace of eigenvectors of the Jacobi matrix calculated at a saddle periodic fixed point. Results. A method for calculating stable invariant manifolds of saddle periodic orbits of piecewise smooth maps is developed. The main result is formulated as a statement. The method is based on an original approach to finding the inverse function, the idea of which is to reduce the problem to a nonlinear first-order equation. Conclusion. A numerical method is described for calculating stable invariant manifolds of piecewise smooth maps that simulate impulse automatic control systems. The method is based on iterating the fundamental domain along a stable subspace of eigenvectors of the Jacobi matrix calculated at a saddle periodic fixed point. The method is based on an original approach to finding the inverse function, which consists in reducing the problem to solving a nonlinear first-order equation. This approach eliminates the need to solve systems of nonlinear equations to determine the inverse function and overcome the accompanying computational problems. Examples of studying the global dynamics of piecewise-smooth mappings with multistable behavior are given.
Donor Cell-Derived Acute Myeloid Leukaemia with 3q26.2 Involvement/MECOM Rearrangement ‐ A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Gu Jun , Wang Wei , Tang Guilin , Toruner Gokce A. , Zhao Ming , Sfamenos Steven , Tang Zhenya ,   Department of Hematopathology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, USA, Khoury Joseph D. , Medeiros L. Jeffrey
Published: December 2020

Donor cell-derived leukaemia (DCL) is an uncommon complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). DCL might represent up to 5% of the post-HSCT disease relapses, but case numbers reported in the literature might underestimate the frequency. The leukemogenesis of DCL is not well understood due to the limited numbers of cases reported and lack of detailed molecular genetic information from recipients and donors. Although many theories have been proposed for leukemogenesis of DCL, the underlying molecular genetic mechanism are likely heterogeneous. Here we report a case of donor cell-derived acute myeloid leukaemia with 3q26.2 involvement/MECOM rearrangement and chromosome 20q deletion. We also reviewed the literature of previously described DCL cases, and we discussed the risk factors that might be important to the onset of DCL.
A Social Media Campaign (#datasaveslives) to Promote the Benefits of Using Health Data for Research Purposes: Mixed Methods Analysis
Authors: Hassan Lamiece , Nenadic Goran , Tully Mary Patricia
Published: December 2020

Background

Social media provides the potential to engage a wide audience about scientific research, including the public. However, little empirical research exists to guide health scientists regarding what works and how to optimize impact. We examined the social media campaign #datasaveslives established in 2014 to highlight positive examples of the use and reuse of health data in research.

Objective

This study aims to examine how the #datasaveslives hashtag was used on social media, how often, and by whom; thus, we aim to provide insights into the impact of a major social media campaign in the UK health informatics research community and further afield.

Methods

We analyzed all publicly available posts (tweets) that included the hashtag #datasaveslives (N=13,895) on the microblogging platform Twitter between September 1, 2016, and August 31, 2017. Using a combination of qualitative and quantitative analyses, we determined the frequency and purpose of tweets. Social network analysis was used to analyze and visualize tweet sharing (retweet) networks among hashtag users.

Results

Overall, we found 4175 original posts and 9720 retweets featuring #datasaveslives by 3649 unique Twitter users. In total, 66.01% (2756/4175) of the original posts were retweeted at least once. Higher frequencies of tweets were observed during the weeks of prominent policy publications, popular conferences, and public engagement events. Cluster analysis based on retweet relationships revealed an interconnected series of groups of #datasaveslives users in academia, health services and policy, and charities and patient networks. Thematic analysis of tweets showed that #datasaveslives was used for a broader range of purposes than indexing information, including event reporting, encouraging participation and action, and showing personal support for data sharing.

Conclusions

This study shows that a hashtag-based social media campaign was effective in encouraging a wide audience of stakeholders to disseminate positive examples of health research. Furthermore, the findings suggest that the campaign supported community building and bridging practices within and between the interdisciplinary sectors related to the field of health data science and encouraged individuals to demonstrate personal support for sharing health data.
Addressing Public Health Emergencies via Facebook Surveys: Advantages, Challenges, and Practical Considerations
Authors: Grow André , Perrotta Daniela , Del Fava Emanuele , Cimentada Jorge , Rampazzo Francesco , Gil-Clavel Sofia , Zagheni Emilio
Published: December 2020

Surveys of the general population can provide crucial information for designing effective nonpharmaceutical interventions to tackle public health emergencies, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Yet, conducting such surveys can be difficult, especially when timely data collection is required. In this viewpoint paper, we discuss our experiences with using targeted Facebook advertising campaigns to address these difficulties in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic. We describe central advantages, challenges, and practical considerations. This includes a discussion of potential sources of bias and how they can be addressed.