bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Presence of Bias Based on Pre-trained Language Models
Authors: Liu Rui , Wu Yiqi , Xing Yufei
Published: August 2023

One of the most active fields of machine learning research is natural language processing (NLP). Although existing linguistic machine learning models excel numerically on a variety of linguistic comprehension tasks, they frequently lack implicit bias reduction optimization. To ensure that deep learning models can avoid the traps of implicit bias and that robots can make fair judgments, bias in NLP must be addressed adequately. The ramifications of permitting biased models to reach the actual world are serious. Thus must address this issue as quickly as feasible. This paper conducted data validation-bias experiments on several real datasets to verify the presence of gender bias in the pre-trained models, then proposed a word vector balancing algorithm to modify the actual vector representation of words by biasing the models and verifying the effectiveness of the debiasing method through debiasing experiments to mitigate the gender bias of the models while ensuring data accuracy, thereby improving the fairness of the classification results. Furthermore, this paper provides more accurate information for the future development and use of deep learning.
Applying Inverse Propensity Score Weighting and Doubly Robust for Treatment Effect Estimation in Sepsis
Authors: Xiao Dingrong , Xia Haoxiang , Qian Junde , Ye Linwei , Hu Chuyang
Published: August 2023

Sepsis is a severe disease with a relatively high fatality rate. The treatment assignment of antibiotics is one of the most crucial factors in reducing the mortality rate. Existing machine learning models are designed to estimate the individual time-to-treatment effect of the antibiotic. However, most models need more efficiency and stability in overcoming the selection bias problem. This paper applies two methods of debiasing samples and estimating individual treatment effects. By re-weighting, we create pseudo mini-batches that mimic the corresponding randomized controlled trial (RCT) process. We also adopt Inverse Propensity Score Weighting (IPW) method to assign appropriate weight to each sample in the observation dataset by estimating the propensity scores. We assume Doubly Robust (DR) to combine IPW and outcome regression model. On a real-world dataset, the experiments exhibit the ability of the model to successfully identify effective timing of treatment.
Ethical Considerations in Total Joint Arthroplasty
Authors: Tarwala Rupesh , Mercuri John J. , Iorio Richard , Karkare Nakul
Published: August 2023

Hip and knee arthroplasty surgeries have excellent outcomes and notably improve quality of life. However, ethical issues permeate the practice of adult reconstruction, and as economics and technology evolve, these issues have become increasingly important. This article will review the currently published literature on ethical issues including industry influences, implants and instrumentations, surgical innovation, new technology adoptions, and healthcare policy–relevant issues, including patient cost sharing and bundled care programs. In addition, the direct marketing of implants from the manufacturer to the general public may falsely raise patient expectations concerning the long-term clinical outcome and performance of newer devices in the absence of long-term studies. This article will also focus on relevant contemporary ethical issues that do not necessarily have preexisting published literature or guidelines but, nonetheless, are crucial for adult reconstruction surgeons to address. These issues include access to care and challenges with orthopaedic resident and fellow education. Surgeons must understand the ethical issues that can arise in their clinical practice and how those issues affect patients. Clinicians are tasked with making the best-reasoned judgment possible to optimize their patients' outcomes. Still, the ability to standardize treatment while optimizing individual outcomes for unique patients remains a challenge.
Climate and Agriculture in the Little Ice Age : The case of Sweden in a wider European perspective
Authors: Skoglund Martin
Published: August 2023

Agriculture was and is inherently dependent on weather and climate. This dependency varies over time and space. The climatic regime of the Little Ice Age (ca 1300–1850) with its reduced average temperatures has been proposed to have presented agriculture in Europe with particular challenges. And yet, in the centuries after the Late Medieval Agrarian Crisis of the 14th and 15th centuries, population and agricultural production expanded markedly in many regions of Europe. This thesis employs the large amounts of agricultural and climatic data available from the Early Modern period as well as a comprehensive set of quantitative methods to explore agrometeorological relationships in central and southern Scandinavia, Switzerland, and Spain during the years ca 1500–1900. This thesis also contributes novel long time series of harvest, sowing, and hay-cutting dates, the latter two types of dates being exceptionally rare in European historiography. Results show that farmers faced different types of agrometeorological constraints in the regions studied here. Nonetheless, harvests in central agricultural areas generally tended to be larger during cooler years. Only in marginal agricultural areas did an opposite signal prevail. In other words, by the Early Modern period, if not earlier, agriculture in large parts of Europe appears to have been well adapted to the lower average temperatures of the Little Ice Age.
A PRODUÇÃO DE PODCASTS EM PROJETO DE EXTENSÃO: UM RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA
Authors: Grings Caroline , Motta Edivan , Trindade Michele Terres
Published: August 2023

Durante a pandemia COVID-19, o isolamento social impactou diretamente os métodos tradicionais de ensino. O presente estudo foi realizado no contexto do Projeto Social Centro de Difusão e Defesa dos Direitos Humanos da Universidade Feevale, no primeiro semestre de 2021. O trabalho objetiva realizar um relato de experiência sobre o desenvolvimento de um podcast para integrar pesquisa, ensino e extensão durante a pandemia COVID-19. O projeto é formado por 10 encontros online com duração de 60 minutos cada. Temas relevantes sobre direitos humanos são debatidos cientificamente entre os alunos sob condução dos extensionistas e, ao final de cada encontro, ocorre a gravação de um podcast que é disponibilizado ao público através do canal no Youtube da Universidade Feevale. Este formato inovador de aula pode ser considerado uma ótima ferramenta para ensino. Assim, diante dos benefícios dessa experiência, sugere-se essa ferramenta como uma estratégia pedagógica digital.
On the use of Raman Blood Spectroscopy and Prediction Machines for Enhanced Care of Endometriosis Patients
Authors: Nsugbe Ejay
Published: August 2023

Endometriosis is a prevalent disease of the female endometrium which affects women of all ethnicities and has been seen to be most common in the 25–35 years age group. The disease does not have a definitive cure, hence care and management are the essential components towards dealing with the disease. At present, the predominant means towards the diagnosis of the presence of the disease involves different imaging modalities alongside laparoscopy, where the instrumentation is expensive to acquire and requires clinical expertise. Recently, work has been done by an author who leveraged Raman blood spectroscopy alongside machine learning towards an affordable high throughput means towards the prediction of endometriosis.This work utilises the Raman blood spectroscopy dataset alongside advanced signal processing, machine learning and clinical cybernetics, towards the design of a prediction machine which sits within a clinical framework to facilitate Human-Machine interaction for an enhanced care strategy for patients with endometriosis. The prediction machine is designed to initially predict whether a patient has the disease, and is then followed by the use of unsupervised learning to form an inference means towards predicting the extent of the disease. The results showed that a combination of the adopted methods could allow for a high prediction of the endometriosis disease. Subsequent work in this area would now include further optimisation of the prediction machine in order to potentially maximise the prediction accuracy.
Organizational Behaviour and its Effect on Corporate Effectiveness
Authors:   Department of CSE-SCSVMV Deemed to be University, India, Gomathy Dr. C. K
Published: August 2023

The design of the work, as well as the psychological, emotional, and interpersonal behavioural dynamics that affect organizational success, as well as the psychological, emotional, and interpersonal behavioural dynamics that affect organizational success, are all included in organizational behavior. The study of controlling operations and supervising personnel to carry out specified duties is the subject of management, a discipline that is essential to understanding organizational behavior and business success. For organizational effectiveness, management places a strong emphasis on the design, implementation, and arrangement of various administrative and organizational systems. ..The organization, on the other hand, modifies or restructures the individuals and groups through its structure, culture, policies, politics, power, and procedures, as well as the roles expected of the people in the organization, while the individuals and groups bring their skills, knowledge, values, motives, and attitudes into the organization and thereby influence it. This study was carried out using exploratory research. Keywords: - Co-operative behaviours; Organizational dynamics; Leadership behaviours; Emotional intelligence; Personality characteristics; Organizational structure; Organizational culture; Behavioural dynamics; Psychological empowerment; Positive organizational behavior; Vanity fair
PREBIOTICS AND POSTBIOTICS
Authors: Kumar Dr S Narendra
Published: August 2023

The phrases "prebiotics" and "postbiotics" are used to refer to various gut microbiota-related elements and outcomes. Prebiotics are certain dietary fibres that can withstand digestion and act as a food supply for good bacteria in the colon. They are not degraded by stomach acid or mammalian enzymes, and they pass through the digestive system undigested. The idea of prebiotics was first proposed in the early 1900s when scientists discovered that probiotic microorganisms produced advantageous substances through the fermentation process. Postbiotics, on the other hand, are the leftovers from microbial metabolism or the deactivated parts of bacteria. They can consist of a variety of compounds, including lactic acid, bacteriocins, and teichoic acids. Antibiotics may Postbiotics can directly affect the host, affecting a variety of biological functions. Postbiotics have an immediate effect on the host, whereas prebiotics primarily act as food for good bacteria. They may have antibacterial traits that prevent the development of harmful microorganisms and dislodge biofilms. Postbiotics may also affect the general health of the gut by altering the gut flora. Although "postbiotics" became a common name in the late 20th century, the basic idea and study findings date back further. As a result, prebiotics and postbiotics are separate substances with discrete functions in the gut flora. Prebiotics and postbiotics both participate in the intricate and dynamic interactions that take place inside the gut environment, which have an impact on general health and wellbeing. Keywords: Probiotics, postbiotics, gut microbiota, gastrointestinal disorders, gastrointestinal tract.
Automatic Question Paper Generator
Authors: CHAWDA TEJAS S
Published: August 2023

"This paper presents the design and development of an Automatic Question Paper Generator tailored to meet the needs of academic institutions. The system aims to streamline administrative tasks and enhancefaculty productivity, ultimately benefiting students in their assessment process. The proposed system offers two distinct workflows: one for administrators and another for faculty members. Administrators are granted privileged access to manage subjects, view registered faculties, and oversee the question bank and automatic question paper generation. Faculty members, on the other hand, can access approved subjects to post questions and generate question papers for assessments. For administrators, the system provides a secure login mechanism to access the admin dashboard. From there, administrators can efficiently monitor and manage the faculty registration process, approving or rejecting new faculty applications as needed. The dashboard allows administrators to add subjects to thesystem, ensuring faculty members can post questions for approved subjects only. Additionally, administrators can view the entire question bank categorized by subjects, review the history of question papers generated by faculty members, and handle any subject addition requests from faculty members. Faculty members log in through their individual accounts and access the faculty dashboard. Within the faculty dashboard, they can view a list of approved subjects, which enables them to post questions relevant to their expertise. Faculty members can effortlessly create question papers for assessments, specifying the total marks for each paper using the automatic question paper generation feature. Optionally, the system may include a feature allowing faculty membersto submit subject addition requests to the administrators, thereby enhancing the system's subject offerings. Overall, the proposed Automatic Question Paper Generator aims to streamline examination processes, reduce paperwork, and centralize academic assessment management. By optimizing administrative workflows and empowering faculty members, the system fosters efficiency and accuracy in academic evaluations, ultimately enhancing the learning experience for students.” Keywords— Automatic Question Paper Generator, Academic institutions, Administrative tasks, Faculty productivity, Question bank, Assessment process.
Determinants of the willingness to receive the COVID-19 vaccination among students of Pattimura University, Indonesia
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pattimura, Indonesia, Pratama Agung Jaya , Titaley Christiana Rialine ,   Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pattimura, Indonesia, Manuputty Amanda Gracia ,   Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pattimura, Indonesia, Malakauseya Maxwell Landri Vers ,   Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pattimura, Indonesia, Taihuttu Yuniasih ,   Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pattimura, Indonesia, Que Bertha Jean ,   Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pattimura, Indonesia, Nugraha Ryan Rachman ,   Centre for Population, Family, and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium, Mutyara Kuswandewi ,   Department of Public Health Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia, Kartasasmita Cissy B. ,   Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran /Rumah Sakit Hasan Sadikin, Bandung, Indonesia
Published: August 2023

High coverage of COVID-19 vaccination is claimed to be the most effective intervention to prevent the transmission of coronavirus disease. This study aimed to analyze the factors associated with willingness to accept COVID-19 vaccination among students of the Universitas Pattimura, Ambon, Indonesia. This cross-sectional study collected information using an online questionnaire distributed to students at Universitas Pattimura in January 2021, when the COVID-19 vaccination program was initiated in Indonesia. Guided by the Health Belief Model, potential predictors in this analysis were categorized as follows: (1) sociodemographic characteristics; (2) predisposing factors; (3) perceived susceptibility; (4) perceived benefits; and (5) perceived barriers. Data were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression analysis. We found that only 42.1% of the students were willing to receive the COVID-19 vaccine. The odds of students’ willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccination decreased by 52% in students who did not perceive themselves to be at risk of contracting COVID-19 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=0.48, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.34–0.68). The odds also decreased by 97% in those who strongly disagreed that the COVID-19 vaccine was safe and effective (aOR=0.03, 95% CI: 0.01–0.08), and by 45% in those who were neutral towards the statement if COVID-19 vaccination is the solution to end the pandemic (aOR=0.55, 95% CI: 0.36–0.84). However, the odds of willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccination increased by 53% in students showing neutrality toward fear of needles (aOR=1.53, 95% CI: 1.04–2.25). The odds of willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccination in students who were neutral towards the side effects of vaccination were >3 times higher than those who were concerned about the side effects of vaccination (aOR=4.05, 95% CI: 2.61–6.26). Health promotion strategies should be accompanied by efforts to reduce the harmful effects of rumors that may hinder students’ willingness to participate in COVID-19 vaccination programs.
The Effect of Participatory Budgeting on Budget Slack is Moderated by Information Asymmetry, Budget Emphasis, Organizational Commitment and Ethical Considerations
Authors: Suwandi Mega Maranda , Asyik Nur Fadjrih , Riharjo Ikhsan Budi
Published: August 2023

Public sector organizations are established with the aim of providing maximum service to the community. The public sector in order to realize its services, is expected to determine strategies in developing the quality and quantity of its services to the community. The purpose of this study is to measure and provide empirical evidence of the effect of participatory budgeting on budget slack moderated by 4 moderation variables namely information asymmetry, budget emphasis, organizational commitment and ethical considerations. This research is quantitative research using primary data in the form of questionnaire data. The population taken at SKPD Kota Surabaya in the Administration of Development and Procurement of Goods/Services of Surabaya City. The technique used to analyze the data uses multiple regression tests and MRA (Moderated Regression Analysis). This study proves that, participatory budgeting has a significant positive effect on  budget slack,  while information asymmetry, budget emphasis, organizational commitment, ethical considerations do not moderate the relationship of participatory budgeting to budget slack in the SKPD of the Development Administration and Procurement of Goods/Services of Surabaya City.
The Relationship Between Speech Delay with Cerebral Palsies in Children at Rs Haji Medan
Authors: Nugraha Armand Surya , Sinaga Nurcahaya
Published: August 2023

Speech delay in children is a condition in which the child's expressive language development is inappropriate or below his age. The incidence of speech delay for Indonesian children who are not in school yet reaches 5–10%. There are more male children with speech disorders than females. The causes of speech delay can be hearing loss, cerebral palsy, low thinking ability, or autism. Cerebral palsy patients may experience uncontrollable movements and muscle spasms in the mouth. This will have an impact on the development of children's speech. This research is a descriptive-analytical study with a cross-sectional approach. The subjects of this study are patients with cerebral palsy in RS Haji Medan, with a total sample size of 132 people. Data analysis using the Chi-square tes.  There was a significant relationship between speech delay and cerebral palsy among pediatric patients in RS Haji Medan. The result using Fisher’s exact test showed a P value less than 0.05, which validated the hypothesis. There was a significant relationship between speech delay and cerebral palsy among pediatric patients in RS Haji Medan.
The Effect of Physical Stress on the Quality of Mouse Sperm (Mus Musculus L.) Adult Males
Authors: Christian Grace Hanna , Saimin Juminten , Nurtamin Tomy
Published: August 2023

Physical stress is one cause that can affect sperm quality. Vibration exposure as a form of physical stress that can stimulate the hormonal system so that it can disturb the process of spermatogenesis which consequently can decrease quality of sperm. This was a true experimental research with post test only control group design was done in the Integrated Laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine Halu Oleo University. Samples was 28 mice (Mus musculus L.) adult male, it were divided into 4 groups: control group (K), the treatment group 7 minutes 30 second (P1), 15 minutes (P2) and 30 minutes (P3) with the vibrations of 50 Hz for 21 days. Sperm quality include motility, viability, concentration and morphology. Data were analyzed descriptively test and Fisher's test. The results of this study indicated the significant differences (p<0,05) to quality of spermatozoa of adult mice.The conclusion of this study was vibration exposure at 50 Hz in the duration of 7 minutes 30 seconds, 15 minutes and 30 minutes for 21 days can decreased quality of sperm. It was suggested for further research can examined the levels of testosterone and histology on Leydig cells and Sertoli cells of the testis.
Literature Review: Analysis of Exposure of Vehicle Emission Gases (Co, No2, So2, Pm2.5, and Pm10) to Public Health Risks
Authors: Sitanggang Jhon Wesly , Sunarsih Elvi , Hasyim Hamzah
Published: August 2023

Exhaust emissions are pollutants that pollute the air created by vehicle exhaust gases. Vehicle exhaust gas is defined as the residual gas of the combustion process which is released into the free air through the vehicle exhaust duct. People can be at risk of air pollution from various pollutants, namely people who use roads, people who live on the roadside, and people who work on highways such as traffic police, street vendors, hawkers, and street children who busk at crossroads. The purpose of this study is to discuss and analyze the stages and procedures in the process of conducting an environmental health risk analysis of pollutant pollution in the air. This writing uses  the Literature Review method and selection criteria for including carried out from 2018-2023. Calculation of the amount of health risk using the Environmental Health Risk Analysis (ARKL) method. Based on  the literature review of  these articles, there are still several risk agents (CO, NO2, SO2, PM2.5, and PM10) sources of air pollution that have values above the specified quality standards (RQ1). This is a risk to health both carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic. The impact can occur respiratory disorders and other body systems both in realtime and lifetime. Based on the calculation of the RQ?1 value, exposure to air pollutants in the community will be continued at the risk control and risk communication stages.
Adopted Children in the Perspective of National Law and Islamic Law in Indonesia
Authors: Umar Hasbi , Bafadhal Husin , Darwita Arnelli
Published: August 2023

Adoption or adoption of children is clearly regulated in Islamic law where an adopted child remains devoted to his biological parents while adoptive parents are only obliged to maintain, educate the adopted child until the adopted child can be independent and between the adopted child and the adoptive family do not inherit each other and also applies the law on mahrom so that between adopted children and family must not be seen with each other,  The adoptive father must not be the marital guardian of his adopted child if the adopted daughter is to marry. The arrangement of adopted children for non-Muslims in Indonesia is based on civil law provisions where between adopted children and adoptive families and children are considered as biological children as if adopted children were born from the womb of their adoptive mothers and inherit each other.
Analysis of the Application of Digital Leadership to Improve Service Quality at Gresik Police Station
Authors: Nasution Ramadhan , Muhammad Amril
Published: August 2023

In an effort to improve the quality of services to the community in the era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0, the National Police has digitized various forms of services in accordance with the functions in the National Police, both operational, coaching and supporting functions. In this context, the National Police not only needs personnel who have competence in the digital field, but also leaders must also apply digital leadership models. The purpose of this study was to determine the digital leadership of the Gresik Police Chief. The research used a qualitative approach. Data collection was carried out by observation, interviews with key, key and supporting informants and supplemented by document studies. Data analysis using models from Miles and Huberman. Data credibility is done by triangulation techniques. Research findings show that digital leadership applied by the leadership of the Gresik Regional Police includes aspects of: inspiring others, using technology (leverages technology), encouraging collaboration, encouraging innovation, and managing risk.
Strategies to Increase Independent Prosperous Graduation Family Hope Program Recipients in Central Lampung Regency
Authors: S Lilis Suryati , Rangga Kordiyana K , Indriyani Yaktiworo , Sayekti Wuryaningsih Dwi , Syarief Yuniar Aviati , Hasanuddin Tubagus
Published: August 2023

Independent prosperous graduation is a benchmark for the performance of social companions and an indication of the success of the Family Hope Program (PKH), so a strategy is needed to increase independent prosperous graduation.  This study aims to analyze strategies to increase independent prosperous graduation of PKH recipients.  Data collection was carried out from September 2022 to February 2023 with informants as many as 12 PKH social assistants in Central Lampung Regency.  The data analysis method used is SWOT analysis.  The results showed that the strategies for increasing independent prosperous graduations in Central Lampung Regency include: holding regular meetings of all PKH Central Lampung human resources to unify perceptions about independent prosperous graduates, maximize the abilities and skills possessed by PKH social assistants to become facilitators, educators, motivators and advocates for PKH KPM; optimizing the role of PKH district coordinators in encouraging the success of independent prosperous graduates; maximizing the role of PKH social assistants to identify KPM business potential and empower according to existing potential to increase KPM prosperous graduation; ; utilizing support from various resource systems to develop the potential of KPM PKH both in terms of business and education of KPM PKH children; conduct training to improve the skills of PKH social assistants on KPM graduating techniques; utilizing the Family Improvement Meeting (P2K2) as a forum to change the mindset and behavior of KPM; and coordinate with village and sub-district officials.
Law Enforcement Through Criminal Sanctions for Employers' Violations of Workers' Wages in Indonesia
Authors: Effendy D. Andry , Santiago Faisal
Published: August 2023

Wages are a form of appreciation given by employers for the services that have been done by workers. Wages are able to ensure the welfare of workers. However, in reality there are still wage violations in Indonesia, such as in terms of nominal wages. Nominal wages that are not in accordance with the provisions will interfere with worker welfare and reduce worker productivity. Wages must be guaranteed by law so that the essence of the function of wages can be realized. Therefore, research is needed on criminal sanctions as law enforcement of employers' violations of workers' wages in Indonesia. The objectives of this study include (1) explaining the forms of employer violations against workers' wages in Indonesia and (2) explaining the forms of criminal sanctions for employers' violations of workers' wages as an effort to enforce the law in Indonesia. This research is based on qualitative and uses an analytical descriptive approach, and is normative juridical. Forms of employer violations against workers' wages in Indonesia consist of nominal wage violations, late payment of workers' wages, and employers' unwillingness to pay workers' wages. Criminal sanctions as an effort to enforce the law are realized through Government Regulation in Lieu of Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 2 of 2022 concerning Job Creation paragraphs (1) and (2) for violations in the event that the nominal wage is less than the provisions. The forms of violations of late payment of wages and the unwillingness of employers to pay workers' wages are subject to criminal sanctions listed in paragraph 61 paragraph (1) of Government Regulation (PP) concerning Wages.
The Good Faith Of The Buyer Who Controls The Land Based On The Land Sale And Purchase Receipt (Supreme Court Decision Number 801 K / Pdt / 2022)
Authors: Rinaldi Renitha Putri , Djajaputra Gunawan
Published: August 2023

In Land Law in Indonesia, valid evidence for someone to prove himself as the holder of land rights is the existence of a land certificate in which the name of the right holder is written. With the land certificate, the holder of land rights already has juridical power over the land. Through land certificates that provide juridical control, land rights holders are also entitled to physical control of the land. The position of the landholder whose name and land has been registered is strong which is guaranteed certainty and legal protection. In the event that land becomes the object of sale and purchase, there are conditions and characteristics of buying and selling land that must be met in order for the legal act to be valid. To prove that there has been a sale and purchase of land, it is necessary to prove the existence of a Sale and Purchase Deed made by the Land Deed Making Officer. With the deed, the sale and purchase of land can be registered with the Land Office to provide legal certainty and protect the buyer as the holder of new land rights. The problem is when the process of buying and selling land stops at the process of paying prices only. Meanwhile, the buyer has mastered the land based on the receipt of payment of the sale and purchase price. For this reason, it is necessary to examine the good faith of buyers in buying and selling land in cases based on Supreme Court Decision Number 801 K / PDT / 2022. This research used normative legal research, which was carried out through literature studies. Research methods in analyzing and processing data are carried out qualitatively and are descriptive analytical with deductive logic conclusions.
Analysis Juridical Restoration of Justice Against Perpetrator follow Criminal Corruption
Authors: Dewi Ratna , Yusuf Hudi
Published: August 2023

Justice , obstacles and solutions taken when the Restorative justice done . Known barriers _ is obstacle from internal Police in the form of there is a sense of fear and ways long thought , meanwhile from external Police namely the ego sense of the litigants , as well from party government that is No exists issued rules _ about implementation of the Restorative justice . Because deep enforcement priority law _ is a sense of justice Good from the victim as well from party perpetrator , so mediation between party it is very influential big in settlement case . In implementation of Restorative Justice or mediation only can held of the legal process carried out by children as perpetrator ( below age ) with term Diversion, however For case criminal other general yet There is the rules that govern it . The application of restorative justice that can done in situation the that is with carry out mediation between second split the party poured in letter agreement together witnessed by religious leaders or _ figure public as base in implementation title case termination investigation.
Effectiveness of Fertilization Techniques on Growth Two Varieties of Palm Oil Seeds (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) in Main Nursery
Authors: Lubis Erwin Junaidi , Rauf Abdul , Sarifuddin Sarifuddin
Published: August 2023

This research was conducted to see the optimal level of fertilization in oil palms so that the macro and micronutrients are sufficient for the growth of oil palms. This research was carried out in the nursery area of ??the Soil Management Field Laboratory of the Indonesian Palm Oil Institute, Medan by observing soil characteristics. Soil analysis at the Soil, Plant, Fertilizer, and Water Laboratory at the Johor Agricultural Technology Study Center, North Sumatra, and the Analysis Laboratory at the Medan Oil Palm Research Center by observing soil analysis on chemical, physical, and cation exchange properties, as well as vegetative and fresh weight observations and dry plants. The study used a Completely Randomized Block Design where seedling height, stem circumference, number of leaf midribs, and leaf sheath length had the highest values ??in the sowing fertilization technique, as well as in the fresh weight of roots, shoots, and dry weight of roots, crowns also had the highest values ??in the sowing technique compared to sachets. and drip fertigation. This indicates that the growth and development of oil palm seedlings in the main nursery for PPKS 540 and SP-1 (Dumpy) varieties showed a positive response to the best growth increase in the sowing fertilization technique.
Implementasi Terapi Inhalasi Uap Minyak Kayu Putih Pada Anak dengan Infeksi Saluran Pernafasan Akut (ISPA)
Authors: Arini Larasuci , Syarli Setiadi
Published: August 2023

Infeksi saluran pernapasan akut (ISPA) merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian tersering pada anak di negara sedang berkembang. Infeksi saluran pernapasan akut ini menyebabkan empat dari 15 juta perkiraan kematian pada anak berusia di  bawah 5 tahun pada setiap tahunnya. Jumlah kematian pada balita Indonesia sebanyak 151.000 kejadian, dimana 21.140 (14%) dari kejadian tersebut disebabkan oleh ISPA. Di Sumatera Barat pada tahun 2022 kasus ISPA pada balita meningkat menjadi 130.390 kasus. Kabupaten Padang Pariaman menduduki peringkat ke 8 sebagai daerah penderita ISPA balita terbanyak. Prevalensi ISPA pada balita di Puskesmas Kampung Dalam ISPA 2022  terdapat 268 kasus (Puskesmas Kampung Dalam, 2022). Tujuan dari karya ilmiah ini adalah untuk menerapkan asuhan keperawatan pada An.N yang mengalami ISPA melalui terapi inhalasi uap minyak kayu putih di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kampung Dalam tahun 2022. Metode penulisan ini adalah Metode yang digunakan adalah studi kasus dengan bentuk deskriptif yang dilakukan berdasarkan tahap-tahap asuhan keperawatan meliputi pengkajian, diagnosa, intervensi, implementasi, evaluasi keperawatan dan pengukuran parameter kepatenan jalan nafas, tanda-tanda vital, intensitas batuk serta suara nafas. Intervensi diberikan sebanyak 2 kali selama 3 hari berturut-turut. Dari analisa kasus pada pasien ISPA didapatkan adanya peningkatan bersihan jalan napas dan dapat menurunkan frekuensi pernafasan pada pasien. Karya ilmiah ini dapat menjadi masukan bagi perawat untuk menggunakan terapi inhalasi uap minyak kayu putih pada pasien ISPA terhadap balita sebagai salah satu intervensi keperawatan di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kampung Dalam.
Chlorhexidine Mouthwash in Dentistry
Authors: Pillai Sonal GP , Johnson Lynn , Bagde Hiroj
Published: August 2023

Chlorhexidine is a mouthwash used by dentist and the public for its anti-bacterial properties. It is used in dentistry for many years as an excellent anti-plaque agent to prevent the development of periodontal diseases. Chlorhexidine not only exhibits special property of substantivity, it also possesses a broad antimicrobial spectrum which makes its use in wide variety of oral diseases and conditions. It is often used as an ingredient in various mouth washes designed to reduce plaque and oral disease. It has been shown to have an immediate bactericidal and long-term bacteriostatic effect due to adsorption on the enamel surface covered with the pellicle. It’s used in almost all the fields of dentistry in various forms such as mouth –washes, sprays, gels and restorative materials. The usual dose is 10- 15 ml of undiluted chlorhexidine gluconate oral rinse, swished in the mouth for 30 seconds, and expectorated.
Pojav tehnološke triade: opisni pojem današnje totalne realnosti
Authors: Mičunović Milijana , Badurina Boris , Bosančić Boris
Published: August 2023

IzvlečekZnanstveni diskurz obravnava triade kot pojmovne strukture, katerih namen je, da poudarijo povezavo med pojmi, s katerimi je opisan določen pojav. Znamenita Popperjeva triada je sestavljena iz sveta fizičnih objektov in procesov (Svet 1), sveta mentalnih objektov (Svet 2) in sveta objektivnega znanja (Svet 3), pod katerim lahko razumemo vse produkte mišljenja – svet informacij, znanja, znanstvenih teorij, literature itd. V zadnji polovici stoletja so informacijska in komunikacijska tehnologija (IKT) in novi mediji spremenili vse tri ravni naše realnosti. Članek analizira vpliv IKT ter novih medijev na Popperjev svet 1, 2 in 3 z uporabo metode primerjalne analize.Kot prikazuje članek, moderna doba prinaša novo pojmovno triado, ki ne nasprotuje Popperjevi triadi, pač uvaja nove integralne elemente. Ti elementi se z njo križajo ter so z njo v interakciji. V tej novi triadi je svet fizičnih objektov zamenjan z virtualno realnostjo (tj. virtualni svet), svet mentalnih objektov je zamenjan s trans mentalnimi objekti (tj. trans mentalni svet), svet objektivnega znanja pa je zamenjan s svetom digitaliziranih podatkov/informacij/znanja v kontekstu umetne inteligence (tj. digitalni svet).Ti novi arhitektonski elementi gradijo novo pojmovno strukturo, ki cilja na definicijo, opis in predstavitev novih med seboj povezanih pojmov, ki so bistveni za boljše razumevanje sedanje totalne realnosti. Predstavljajo novo ontologijo sveta, ki opisuje realnost, ki je ne moremo ločiti od pojmov informacije in tehnologije.
Kratek opis leposlovja: smernice za kratek vsebinski opis književnih del v knjižničnih katalogih in na portalu Dobreknjige.si
Authors: Šauperl Alenka
Published: August 2023

IzvlečekPrikazujemo izsledke več raziskav s področja vsebinskega opisa leposlovja, ki so bile opravljene od leta 2002 do leta 2013 na Oddelku za bibliotekarstvo, informacijsko znanost in knjigarstvo Filozofske fakultete v Ljubljani. Razloga za te raziskave sta bila dva: 1) relativna zanemarjenost vsebinskega opisa leposlovja v primerjavi z vsebinskim opisom strokovnega gradiva in 2) želja po oblikovanju smernic za enotnejši in doslednejši vsebinski opis v slovenskih knjižničnih katalogih. Raziskave tiskanih in spletnih publikacij, ki so jih izvedli avtorica in več njenih študentov, so pokazale, da založniki, knjižničarji, literarni kritiki in tisti bralci, ki dela berejo za razvedrilo in iz veselja, romane opisujejo s klasifikacijskimi oznakami, predmetnimi ali tem podobnimi oznakami (ang. tag) in krajšimi ali daljšimi besedilnimi opisi. Vse štiri uporabniške skupine v svoje opise vključujejo atribute, ki se nanašajo na delo, avtorja, pa tudi na bralca in druge vidike, ne nujno povezane z delom samim. Najpogosteje vključujejo naslednje podatke: 1) zgodbo; opisujejo jo z dogodki, okoliščinami, s krajem in časom dogajanja ter z literarnimi osebami, njihovim poklicem in vlogo v dogajanju; 2) avtorja; 3) doživetje ob branju in 4) oceno. To so tudi predlagane smernice za enotno in bogatejše vsebinsko opisovanje leposlovja. Kot kažejo rezultati, je namreč v vzajemnem katalogu kar dve tretjini zapisov za leposlovje opremljenih le z vrstilcem UDK, kar za uporabnike ni primeren podatek. Ob upoštevanju predlaganih smernic bi postopek vsebinskega označevanja potekal lažje in rezultati bi omogočili zanesljivejši priklic podatkov iz katalogov in drugih podatkovnih zbirk.
Ko že vsak nekaj piše (O popisovanju slovenskih knjig)
Authors: Hladnik Miran
Published: August 2023

IzvlečekIz zavesti, da se kriteriji literarne kvalitete v času in glede na socialno skupino spreminjajo, se pokažejo nove naloge poklicnih in prostovoljnih bralčevih skrbnikov v času množične pisateljske dejavnosti: to ni več izločanje »neprimernega« in odbiranje »kvalitetnega « branja, ampak kategoriziranje rastoče produkcije po žanrih, motivih, obliki, medijih, bralcih itd. z namenom bralce orientirati in jim omogočiti optimalno izbiro. Bolj kot vzgoja zahtevnega bralca je cilj tega početja animacija piscev: popisovalcev, komentatorjev in predelovalcev besedil.
Programska oprema COBISS3/Katalogizacija: ovrednotenje sistemskih sprememb in funkcionalnosti modula z vidika katalogizatorjev
Authors: Levičar Janja , Petek Marija
Published: August 2023

IzvlečekNamen: Namen raziskave je bil ovrednotiti modul COBISS3/Katalogizacija z vidika katalogizatorjev. Želeli smo ugotoviti, kakšni so zadovoljstvo s COBISS3/Katalogizacijo, prednosti/slabosti modula, vpliv modula na kakovost bibliografskih zapisov, mnenje o spremenjenih postopkih za delo v sistemu COBISS.SI ter več o centralizaciji katalogizacije in implementaciji novih katalogizacijskih pravil.Metodologija/pristop: Uporabili smo kvantitativno in kvalitativno raziskovalno metodo. S spletno anketo smo zajeli 133 katalogizatorjev z dovoljenjem za delo v modulu COBISS3/Katalogizacija, ki so v zadnjih treh letih kreirali največ zapisov v COBIB-u. Z metodo delno strukturiranega intervjuja pa smo spraševali 12 katalogizatorjev.Rezultati: Katalogizatorji so bili z modulom COBISS3/Katalogizacija zadovoljni. Kot najpomembnejši prednosti navajajo črkovalnik in integrirane katalogizacijske priročnike. Moteča pa je predvsem povečana uporaba računalniške miške. Izobraževanje za delo v sistemu COBISS.SI je bilo ocenjeno visoko, vendar je bila poudarjena potreba po dodatnem usposabljanju. Nekoliko slabše, a še vseeno visoko, so bili ocenjeni postopki za pridobitev dovoljenja za vzajemno katalogizacijo. Modul omogoča dobre pogoje za delo, zato lahko v prihodnje pričakujemo zapise boljše kakovosti. Vendar je ta odvisna predvsem od posodobitve katalogizacijskih pravil.Omejitve raziskave: Vzorec katalogizatorjev je pripravljen ne glede na vrsto knjižnice.Izvirnost/uporabnost raziskave: Celovit metodološki pristop, ki upošteva širši sistemski kontekst, prva raziskava o modulu COBISS3/Katalogizacija s predlogi za njegove nadaljnje izboljšave.
Katalogizacijski standard Resource description and access (RDA): razvoj, spremembe in primerjava s Pravilnikom i priručnikom za izradbu abecednih kataloga (PPIAK)
Authors: Petek Marija
Published: August 2023

IzvlečekNamen: V članku je obravnavan standard za katalogizacijo Resource description and access (RDA), ki je zamenjal drugo izdajo angloameriškega katalogizacijskega pravilnika AACR2. Predstavljeno je zgodovinsko ozadje, razvoj, vpliv AACR2, Iflinega konceptualnega modela, katalogizacijskih načel in mednarodnega standarda za bibliografski opis. Narejena je tudi primerjava s katalogizacijskim pravilnikom Pravilnik i priručnik za izradbu abecednih kataloga (PPIAK).Metodologija/pristop: Opisali smo cilje in načela RDA, organizacijo vsebine, nabor glavnih elementov ter nove elemente za opis vsebine, medijev in nosilcev. Primerjavo RDA z našo katalogizacijsko prakso smo ponazorili tudi s primeri.Rezultati: Med RDA in PPIAK je precej razlik: RDA je vsebinski standard, v katerem ločila in zaporedje podatkov, ki jih predpisuje ISBD, niso obvezna, ni več krajšanja besed itd. V nekaterih pogledih pa RDA nadaljuje katalogizacijsko tradicijo.Omejitve raziskave: Zaradi obsežnosti besedila RDA so prikazane samo najpomembnejše značilnosti in spremembe.Izvirnost/uporabnost raziskave: To je prvi članek o RDA v slovenskem jeziku.
IFLA Library Reference Model (IFLA LRM), pomemben korak k sodobnim bibliografskim informacijskim sistemom
Authors: Žumer Maja
Published: August 2023

IzvlečekV članku je predstavljen model IFLA LRM, ki je rezultat harmonizacije in uskladitve treh modelov družine FRBR. Model LRM je splošen in abstrakten in predstavlja predvsem okvir, znotraj katerega lahko načrtovalci informacijskih sistemov razvijajo konsistentne razširitve. Za definicijo modela LRM je bil, v skladu z modeli družine FRBR, uporabljen entitetno-relacijski formalizem. V članku so prikazana uporabniška opravila, ki so osnova za razvoj modela, sledijo definicije entitet in primeri atributov in relacij. Posebej je opisano modeliranje agregatov, ki pogosto predstavlja problem. Gre za prvo predstavitev modela v slovenščini, zato terminologija še ni uradna in dokončna.
Biblioterapija v knjižnici
Authors: Zabukovec Vlasta
Published: August 2023

IzvlečekBiblioterapija je na kratko rečeno svetovanje ob knjigi ali s knjigo. Je nedirektivna svetovalna metoda, ki pomembno vpliva na bralčev čustveni, kognitivni in socialni vidik delovanja. V prispevku bodo predstavljena izhodišča biblioterapije in bibliosvetovanja. V raziskavi, kjer je sodelovalo 48 knjižničarjev, se je potrdilo, da so se knjižničarji z biblioterapijo že srečali in da si želijo sistematičnega usposabljanja, ki bi jim omogočilo razvijanje kompetenc za vodenje biblioterapije. Na tej osnovi in skladno s teoretičnimi izhodišči se predlaga poimenovanje tega procesa bibliosvetovanje.
International good practice in information literacy education
Authors: Robinson Lyn , Bawden David
Published: August 2023

Purpose: A report is given on a survey of international good practices in information literacy education, the first stage of an Erasmus+ project, Information Literacy Online (ILO), which is creating a multi-lingual and multi-cultural MOOC for information literacy instruction.Methodology/approach: The survey was based on a selective identification and analysis of published literature and Internet sources, qualified by expert opinion.Results: The results are summarised in five sections: definitions, models, content, and contexts for information literacy; frameworks and methods for teaching and learning of information literacy; information literacy learning materials; multicultural and multilingual aspects of information literacy education; use of MOOCs for information literacy education.Research limitations: The review is selective rather than comprehensive, and focuses on those issues of most significance for the development of the ILO MOOC.Originality/practical implications: Although the findings are directed to support the development of the ILO MOOC, it is hoped that they may be of more general interest to those involved in information literacy instruction.
Natečaj za nagrade Kalanovega sklada
Authors: DRUŠTEV SLOVENIJE ZVEZA BIBLIOTEKARSKIH
Published: August 2023

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Fotografije v arhivih, knjižnicah in muzejih
Authors: Kerec Prekoršek Branka , Semlič Rajh Zdenka , Špiček Miha , Šauperl Alenka
Published: August 2023

Namen: V arhivih, knjižnicah in muzejih (AKM) fotografije navadno ne pomenijo poglavitne vrste gradiva, a jih zbirajo vse tri vrste ustanov. Ker vsaka od njih zaradi značilnosti svojega poslanstva deluje po svojih načelih in mednarodnih standardih, se opisi tovrstnega gradiva lahko razlikujejo, kar posledično lahko ovira uporabo. Zato smo proučili podobnosti in razlike v opisu, da bi lahko predlagali skupne smernice.Metodologija/pristop: Na enem samem primeru fotografije iz obdobja prve svetovne vojne, ki bi se lahko nahajala v AKM, je pa shranjena v zbirki Univerzitetne knjižnice Maribor, prikazujemo opis v sistemih COBISS (knjižnice), scopeArchiv (arhivi) in Galis (muzeji) in v standardnih formatih ISBD(NBM) in COMARC (knjižnice), ISAD(G) in ISAAR(CPF) (arhivi) ter Spectrum 5.0 in Object ID (muzeji), ki jih omenjene ustanove uporabljajo.Rezultati: Za identifikacijo nujni podatki se v veliki meri ujemajo. Naslov fotografije prepišemo ali oblikujemo sami. Ime fotografa je v vseh treh sistemih mogoče nadzorovati. Sodobna krajevna imena so vpisana na standardni način. Staro poimenovanje lahko povzroča težave. Zapis časa ni nujno enoten niti v isti ustanovi. Motiva na fotografiji ni mogoče poenotiti, saj se lahko vsaka ustanova osredotoča na drugačen vidik. Lokacijski podatki pričajo o shrambi fotografije v ustanovi in so razmeroma skladni. Vprašanje o mestu digitalizirane različice pa je ostalo neodgovorjeno. Omejitve raziskave: Ustvarili smo hipotetični, idealni opis ene same fotografije v treh sistemih.Izvirnost/uporabnost raziskave: Opravili smo podrobno primerjavo opisa ene fotografije, ki bi lahko bila v vseh slovenskih AKM opisana v treh različnih sistemih enako. Opise so prispevali izkušeni praktiki iz AKM.