bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Parametric investigation of an injection-jet self-powered Fontan circulation
Authors: Prather Ray , Das Arka , Farias Michael , Divo Eduardo , Kassab Alain , DeCampli William
Published: February 2022

Approximately $$1/2500$$

1
/
2500

babies are born with only one functioning ventricle and the Fontan is the third and, ideally final staged palliative operation for these patients. This altered circulation is prone to failure with survival rates below $$50\%$$

50
%

into adulthood. Chronically elevated inferior vena cava (IVC) pressure is implicated as one cause of the mortality and morbidity in this population. An injection jet shunt (IJS) drawing blood-flow directly from the aortic arch to significantly lower IVC pressure is proposed. A computer-generated 3D model of a 2–4 year old patient with a fenestrated Fontan and a cardiac output of 2.3 L/min was generated. The detailed 3D pulsatile hemodynamics are resolved in a zero-dimensional lumped parameter network tightly-coupled to a 3D computational fluid dynamics model accounting for non-Newtonian blood rheology and resolving turbulence using large eddy simulation. IVC pressure and systemic oxygen saturation were tracked for various IJS-assisted Fontan configurations, altering design parameters such as shunt and fenestration diameters and locations. A baseline “failing” Fontan with a 4 mm fenestration was tuned to have an elevated IVC pressure (+ 17.8 mmHg). Enlargement of the fenestration to 8 mm resulted in a 3 mmHg IVC pressure drop but an unacceptable reduction in systemic oxygen saturation below 80%. Addition of an IJS with a 2 mm nozzle and minor volume load to the ventricle improved the IVC pressure drop to 3.2 mmHg while increasing systemic oxygen saturation above 80%. The salutary effects of the IJS to effectively lower IVC pressure while retaining acceptable levels of oxygen saturation are successfully demonstrated.
Nonlinear frequency analysis of COVID-19 spread in Tokyo using empirical mode decomposition
Authors: Dong Ran , Ni Shaowen , Ikuno Soichiro
Published: February 2022

Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) was adopted to decompose daily COVID-19 infections in Tokyo from February 28, 2020, to July 12, 2021. Daily COVID-19 infections were nonlinearly decomposed into several monochromatic waves, intrinsic mode functions (IMFs), corresponding to their periodic meanings from high frequency to low frequency. High-frequency IMFs represent variabilities of random factors and variations in the number of daily PCR and antigen inspections, which can be nonlinearly denoised using EMD. Compared with a moving average and Fourier transform, EMD provides better performance in denoising and analyzing COVID-19 spread. After variabilities of daily inspections were weekly denoised by EMD, one low-frequency IMF reveals that the average period of external influences (public health and social measures) to stop COVID-19 spread was 19 days, corresponding to the measures response duration based on the incubation period. By monitoring this nonlinear wave, public health and social measures for stopping COVID-19 spread can be evaluated and visualized quantitatively in the instantaneous frequency domain. Moreover, another low-frequency IMF revealed that the period of the COVID-19 outbreak and retreat was 57 days on average. This nonlinear wave can be used as a reference for setting the timeframe for state of emergency declarations. Thus, decomposing daily infections in the instantaneous frequency domain using EMD represents a useful tool to improve public health and social measures for stopping COVID-19 spread.
Morphological and molecular diversity patterns of the genus Tropodiaptomus Kiefer, 1932 (Copepoda, Calanoida, Diaptomidae) in Thailand
Authors: Saetang Thanida , Marrone Federico , Vecchioni Luca , Maiphae Supiyanit
Published: February 2022

Tropodiaptomusis one of the most specious genera in the family Diaptomidae, but it is often rare in terms of distribution and abundance. Moreover,Tropodiaptomusspecies show a noteworthy variability in some of the morphological characters considered of prime importance in diaptomid taxonomy, and the presence of cryptic or pseudocryptic species is likely. Thus, through a geographically-wide sampling in Thailand, we aimed to investigate the local diversity of the genus and to compare the morphological and molecular diversity pattern based on mitochondrial and nuclear genes sequences. DNA taxonomy was also implemented in order to check whether theTropodiaptomuslineages were independent species according to the “evolutionary genetic species concept”. SixTropodiaptomusmorphospecies were found, three of which are putative species new to Science pending a formal description. The finding of such a high incidence of undescribed species stresses the existence of a significant “Linnean shortfall” affecting Thai diaptomids. The molecular results showed that most of the studied species could be identified consistently with their morphology-based taxonomy. However,Tropodiaptomus vicinusandT. cf.lanaonusshowed a high level of genetic diversity, suggesting that traditional morphological techniques might be inadequate for correctly assessing their taxonomical status.
The effects of super spreading events and movement control measures on the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia
Authors: Herng Lai Chee , Singh Sarbhan , Sundram Bala Murali , Zamri Ahmed Syahmi Syafiq Md , Vei Tan Cia , Aris Tahir , Ibrahim Hishamshah , Abdullah Noor Hisham , Dass Sarat Chandra , Gill Balvinder Singh
Published: February 2022

This paper aims to develop an automated web application to generate validated daily effective reproduction numbers (Rt) which can be used to examine the effects of super-spreading events due to mass gatherings and the effectiveness of the various Movement Control Order (MCO) stringency levels on the outbreak progression of COVID-19 in Malaysia. The effective reproduction number, Rt, was estimated by adopting and modifying an Rt estimation algorithm using a validated distribution mean of 3.96 and standard deviation of 4.75 with a seven-day sliding window. The Rt values generated were validated using thea moving window SEIR model with a negative binomial likelihood fitted using methods from the Bayesian inferential framework. A Pearson’s correlation between the Rt values estimated by the algorithm and the SEIR model was r = 0.70, p < 0.001 and r = 0.81, p < 0.001 during the validation period The Rt increased to reach the highest values at 3.40 (95% CI 1.47, 6.14) and 1.72 (95% CI 1.54, 1.90) due to the Sri Petaling and Sabah electoral process during the second and third waves of COVID-19 respectively. The MCOs was able to reduce the Rt values by 63.2 to 77.1% and 37.0 to 47.0% during the second and third waves of COVID-19, respectively. Mass gathering events were one of the important drivers of the COVID-19 outbreak in Malaysia. However, COVID-19 transmission can be fuelled by noncompliance to Standard Operating Procedure, population mobility, ventilation and environmental factors.
Author Correction: Coastal flooding and mean sea-level rise allowances in atoll island
Authors: Amores Angel , Marcos Marta , Le Cozannet Gonéri , Hinkel Jochen
Published: February 2022

The original version of this Article contained an error in the Acknowledgements section.
Author Correction: Proton beam irradiation induces invisible modifications under the surface of painted parchment
Authors: Müller Katharina , Szikszai Zita , Csepregi Ákos , Huszánk Róbert , Kertész Zsófia , Reiche Ina
Published: February 2022

The original version of this Article contained an error in the Acknowledgments section.
Strong laser polarization control of coherent phonon excitation in van der Waals material Fe3GeTe2
Authors: Gong Yu , Hu Ming , Harris Nico , Yang Zhonghua , Xie Ti , Teklu Alem , Kuthirummal Narayanan , koenemann Jacob , Xu Xianghan , Cheong Sang-Wook , McLoud Will , Gong Cheng
Published: February 2022

Optical manipulation of coherent phonon frequency in two-dimensional (2D) materials could advance the development of ultrafast phononics in atomic-thin platforms. However, conventional approaches for such control are limited to doping, strain, structural or thermal engineering. Here, we report the experimental observation of strong laser-polarization control of coherent phonon frequency through time-resolved pump-probe spectroscopic study of van der Waals (vdW) materials Fe3GeTe2. When the polarization of the pumping laser with tilted incidence is swept between in-plane and out-of-plane orientations, the frequencies of excited phonons can be monotonically tuned by as large as 3% (~100 GHz). Our first-principles calculations suggest the strong planar and vertical inter-atomic interaction asymmetry in layered materials accounts for the observed polarization-dependent phonon frequencies, as in-plane/out-of-plane polarization modifies the restoring force of the lattice vibration differently. Our work provides insightful understanding of the coherent phonon dynamics in layered vdW materials and opens up new avenues to optically manipulating coherent phonons.
Inter-individual variability amplified through breeding reveals control of reward-related action strategies by Melanocortin-4 Receptor in the dorsomedial striatum
Authors: Allen Aylet T. , Heaton Elizabeth C. , Shapiro Lauren P. , Butkovich Laura M. , Yount Sophie T. , Davies Rachel A. , Li Dan C. , Swanson Andrew M. , Gourley Shannon L.
Published: February 2022

In day-to-day life, we often must choose between pursuing familiar behaviors or adjusting behaviors when new strategies might be more fruitful. The dorsomedial striatum (DMS) is indispensable for arbitrating between old and new action strategies. To uncover molecular mechanisms, we trained mice to generate nose poke responses for food, then uncoupled the predictive relationship between one action and its outcome. We then bred the mice that failed to rapidly modify responding. This breeding created offspring with the same tendencies, failing to inhibit behaviors that were not reinforced. These mice had less post-synaptic density protein 95 in the DMS. Also, densities of the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R), a high-affinity receptor for α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, predicted individuals’ response strategies. Specifically, high MC4R levels were associated with poor response inhibition. We next found that reducing Mc4r in the DMS in otherwise typical mice expedited response inhibition, allowing mice to modify behavior when rewards were unavailable or lost value. This process required inputs from the orbitofrontal cortex, a brain region canonically associated with response strategy switching. Thus, MC4R in the DMS appears to propel reward-seeking behavior, even when it is not fruitful, while moderating MC4R presence increases the capacity of mice to inhibit such behaviors.
Mechanical anisotropy and tabletability of famotidine polymorphs
Authors: Upadhyay Pratik P. , Mishra Manish Kumar , Ramamurty Upadrasta , Bond Andrew D.
Published: February 2022

Nanoindentation studies on two polymorphs of famotidine indicate that the degree of anisotropy of their elastic response is an important indicator of their comparative tabletability.
Homoepitaxial growth of high-quality GaN nanoarrays for enhanced UV luminescence
Authors: Liu Baodan , Liu Qingyun , Yang Wenjin , Li Jing , Labbé Christophe , Portier Xavier , Zhang Xinglai , Yao Jinlei
Published: February 2022

Crystalline GaN nanoarrays with good alignment and strong UV luminescence have been homoepitaxially grown on a [0001]-oriented GaN substrate due to their superior lattice and thermal conductivity matching with the beneath GaN substrate (see figure).
In situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) investigation of kaolinite dissolution in highly caustic environments
Authors: Chaliha Devalina , Gomes Josè F. , Smith Peter , Jones Franca
Published: February 2022

Kaolinite dissolves faster at edges, and steps have a fast-dissolution direction.
Plastic crystal-based electrolytes using novel dicationic salts
Authors: Abeysooriya Shanika , Lee Minjae , O’Dell Luke A. , Pringle Jennifer M.
Published: February 2022

The thermal and structural properties of novel pyrrolidinium dicationic salts with varying alkyl-chain lengths are investigated, neat and in combination with lithium salts.
A long-lived fluorenyl cation: efficiency booster for uncaging and photobase properties
Authors: Abdellaoui Chahinez , Hermanns Volker , Reinfelds Matiss , Scheurer Maximilian , Dreuw Andreas , Heckel Alexander , Wachtveitl Josef
Published: February 2022

The symmetric dimethylamino-fluorene proved to be a more efficient photolabile protecting group than non-symmetric analogue. This is due to the long-lived fluorenyl cation intermediate, which also enables application as hydroxide emitting photobase.
Porous organic polymers for light-driven organic transformations
Authors: Zhang Zhenwei , Jia Ji , Zhi Yongfeng , Ma Si , Liu Xiaoming
Published: February 2022

Porous organic polymers (POPs), with their high specific surface area, low density, good stability, uniform pore size, structural versatility, and designability, have recently emerged as a powerful platform of heterogeneous photocatalysis.
Photoelectrochemical energy storage materials: design principles and functional devices towards direct solar to electrochemical energy storage
Authors: Lv Jiangquan , Xie Jiafang , Mohamed Aya Gomaa Abdelkader , Zhang Xiang , Wang Yaobing
Published: February 2022

This review summarizes recent advances in photoelectrochemical energy storage materials and related devices for direct solar to electrochemical energy storage. Design principles, challenges and future developments are specifically highlighted.
Formic acid generating in situ H2 and CO2 for nitrite reduction in the aqueous phase
Authors: Xu Pengyu , Agarwal Shilpa , Lefferts Leon
Published: February 2022

Adsorbed NO suppresses dissociative adsorption of formic acid and thus reduction of nitrite.
Modular assembly of electron transfer pathways in bimetallic MOFs for photocatalytic ammonia synthesis
Authors: An Ke , Tan Jiangdan , Yang Dong , Ren Hanjie , Zhao Zhanfeng , Chen Yao , Wang Wenjing , Xin Xin , Shi Yonghui , Jiang Zhongyi
Published: February 2022

Our work proposed the EPE strategy for the sustainable development of MOF-based photocatalysts with concerted electron transfer and utilization.
Hierarchical Co3O4@Ni3S2 electrode materials for energy storage and conversion
Authors: Ding Jiefei , Zhao Depeng , Xia Tong , Xia Qing , Li Guanglong , Qu Yingdong
Published: February 2022

Bi-functional Co3O4@Ni3S2 electroactive materials are prepared on Ni foam by a convenient hydrothermal and electro-depositional route for energy storage and conversion.
The rise of electrochemical NAPXPS operated in the soft X-ray regime exemplified by the oxygen evolution reaction on IrOx electrocatalysts
Authors: Velasco Vélez Juan Jesús , Bernsmeier Denis , Jones Travis E. , Zeller Patrick , Carbonio Emilia , Chuang Cheng-Hao , Falling Lorenz J. , Streibel Verena , Mom Rik V. , Hammud Adnan , Hävecker Michael , Arrigo Rosa , Stotz Eugen , Lunkenbein Thomas , Knop-Gericke Axel , Krähnert Ralph , Schlögl Robert
Published: February 2022

Different operando approaches based in PES were used and compared under OER conditions on IrOx. ResPES indicates that single coordinated oxygen atoms (μ1-O) are the active species yielding the formation of peroxo (μ1-OO) and finally O2 as product.
Bioactive properties of the aromatic molecules of spearmint (Mentha spicataL.) essential oil: a review
Authors: Zhang Lu-Lu , Chen Yan , Li Zhi-Jian , Li Xiao , Fan Gang
Published: February 2022

Spearmint aromatic molecules have a variety of bioactivities, including antimicrobial, antioxidant, insecticidal, anticonvulsant, antinociceptive, and transcutaneous penetration enhancing activities and multi-pharmacological effects.
Controlled hydrogenation of a biomass-derived platform chemical formed by aldol-condensation of 5-hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF) and acetone over Ru, Pd, and Cu catalysts
Authors: Gilcher Elise B. , Chang Hochan , Huber George W. , Dumesic James A.
Published: February 2022

Selective hydrogenation over supported metal catalysts of a biomass-derived monomer to a range of potential platform molecules for polymer applications.
Preparation of N/O-codoped quinoline pitch-based porous carbons for high-quality supercapacitor electrodes
Authors: Yang Zijian , Fan Qingjie , Lai Shiquan , Yue Li , Cheng Junxia , Zhu Yaming , Zhao Xuefei
Published: February 2022

A realistic path toward large-scale production of high-performance carbon electrode materials for supercapacitors starting from a quinoline monomer.
Water-soluble Al(iii), Fe(iii) and Cu(ii) formazanates: synthesis, structure, and applications in alkane and alcohol oxidations
Authors: Gurbanov Atash V. , Andrade Marta A. , Martins Luísa M. D. R. S. , Mahmudov Kamran T. , Pombeiro Armando J. L.
Published: February 2022

The synthesis, structure and catalytic performance of water-soluble Al(iii), Fe(iii) and Cu(ii) formazanates in the oxidation of cyclohexane and cyclohexanol to the coresponding organic products are reported.
Sustainable power generation via hydro-electrochemical effects
Authors: Sohn Ahrum , Zhang Yufan , Chakraborty Anirban , Yu Choongho
Published: February 2022

A water-induced electric power generator was developed based on the newly introduced hydro-electrochemical effects using corroded steel electrodes to obtain sufficient current and voltage to operate electronics in practice for prolonged time periods.
Helically aligned fused carbon hollow nanospheres with chiral discrimination ability
Authors: Maruyama Jun , Maruyama Shohei , Kashiwagi Yukiyasu , Watanabe Mitsuru , Shinagawa Tsutomu , Nagaoka Toru , Tamai Toshiyuki , Ryu Naoya , Matsuo Koichi , Ohwada Mao , Chida Koki , Yoshii Takeharu , Nishihara Hirotomo , Tani Fumito , Uyama Hiroshi
Published: February 2022

Helically aligned fused carbon hollow nanospheres on multiwalled carbon nanotubes are formed as a new form of helical structure with optical activity and chiral spaces showing chiral discrimination ability without the attachment of chiral compounds.
DOE-based synthesis of gellan gum-acrylic acid-based biodegradable hydrogels: screening of significant process variables and in situ field studies
Authors: Choudhary Sonal , Sharma Kashma , Bhatti Manpreet S. , Sharma Vishal , Kumar Vijay
Published: February 2022

We use free radical graft copolymerization of acrylic acid as a monomer, N,N-methylene-bis-(acrylamide) as a crosslinker and ammonium persulfate as an initiator to synthesise GG-cl-poly(AA) hydrogels based on gellan gum utilising response surface methodology.
Low-temperature solution-processed SnO2 electron transport layer modified by oxygen plasma for planar perovskite solar cells
Authors: Muthukrishnan Akshaiya Padmalatha , Lee Junyeoung , Kim Jongbok , Kim Chang Su , Jo Sungjin
Published: February 2022

A simple and effective oxygen plasma treatment on low-temperature deposited SnO2 electron transport layer was demonstrated.
Comparative bibliometric trends of microplastics and perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances: how these hot environmental remediation research topics developed over time
Authors: Bakhshoodeh Reza , Santos Rafael M.
Published: February 2022

Bibliometrics point to the hottest areas of science and policy working to reverse the environmental impacts of PFAS and microplastics.
Helicity-driven chiral self-sorting supramolecular polymerization with Ag+: right- and left-helical aggregates
Authors: Ok Mirae , Kim Ka Young , Choi Heekyoung , Kim Seonghan , Lee Shim Sung , Cho Jaeheung , Jung Sung Ho , Jung Jong Hwa
Published: February 2022

Chiral self-sorting supramolecular polymerization of bola-type terpyridine-based ligands (R-L1 and S-L1) comprising R- or S-alanine analogs occurred upon addition of Ag+ in one enantiomeric component.
Label-free and ultrasensitive SERS detection of pesticide residues using 3D hot-junction of a Raman enhancing montmorillonite/silver nanoparticles nanocomposite
Authors: Zhao Xiaojuan , Sun Dan , Yu Man , Xu Yan , Xie Hui
Published: February 2022

A stable, efficient and repeatable SRES substrate can be achieved by the electrostatic self-assembly of MMT and AgNPs, which could be used for the detection of pesticides in fruits and vegetables.
[4]Helicene-based anions in electrocrystallization with tetrachalcogeno-fulvalene donors
Authors: Zigon Nicolas , Avarvari Narcis
Published: February 2022

Electrocrystallization of TMTTF, TMTSF and BEDT-TTF donors with the first helicene sulfonate-based anions provided crystalline radical cation salts with various donor : anion stoichiometries and packing patterns.
Prediction of solubility of two-component molecular crystals
Authors: Perlovich German L.
Published: February 2022

An approach which allows one to estimate the solubility of two-component molecular crystals in various solvents at different temperatures without any information on their melting temperatures and enthalpies was proposed.
Chemo- and regio-divergent access to fluorinated 1-alkyl and 1-acyl triazenes from alkynyl triazenes
Authors: Tan Jin-Fay , Bormann Carl Thomas , Severin Kay , Cramer Nicolai
Published: February 2022

Three mild and operationally simple fluorination protocols convert 1-alkynyl triazenes either into attractive 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoro alkyl triazenes, α-difluoro α-triazenyl ketones or α-difluoro acyl triazenes.
Developing organoboranes as phase transfer catalysts for nucleophilic fluorination using CsF
Authors: Kirschner Sven , Peters Matthew , Yuan Kang , Uzelac Marina , Ingleson Michael J.
Published: February 2022

Simple boranes with the optimal fluoride ion affinity are effective as catalysts for phase transfer nucleophilic fluorination with CsF.
Multimerin-1 and cancer: a review
Authors: Posner Mareike G.
Published: February 2022

Multimerin-1 (MMRN1) is a platelet protein with a role in haemostasis and coagulation. It is also present in endothelial cells (ECs) and the extracellular matrix (ECM), where it may be involved in cell adhesion, but its molecular functions and protein–protein interactions in these cellular locations have not been studied in detail yet. In recent years, MMRN1 has been identified as a differentially expressed gene (DEG) in various cancers and it has been proposed as a possible cancer biomarker. Some evidence suggest that MMRN1 expression is regulated by methylation, protein interactions, and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in different cancers. This raises the questions if a functional role of MMRN1 is being targeted during cancer development, and if MMRN1’s differential expression pattern correlates with cancer progression. As a result, it is timely to review the current state of what is known about MMRN1 to help inform future research into MMRN1’s molecular mechanisms in cancer.
Model predictive control of switching continuous‐time systems with stochastic jumps: Application to an electric current source
Authors: Vargas Alessandro N. , Ishihara João Y. , Caruntu Constantin F. , Zhang Lixian , Djanan Armand A. Nanha
Published: February 2022

This paper proposes an extension of the model predictive control framework for switching continuous‐time linear systems. The switching times follow a stochastic process with limited statistical information. At each switching time, the controller knows the system state, but it is blind with respect to the switching continuous‐time subsystems. In this setting, the paper's main contribution is to show how to compute the model predictive control gain. The paper also illustrates the implications of our approach for applications. The approach was used in practice to control an electric current source that supplied a switching load. The experimental data support the usefulness of our approach.
Dynamic event‐triggered control for leader‐following consensus of multiagent systems with the estimator
Authors: Hu Shunwei , Qiu Jianlong , Chen Xiangyong , Zhao Feng , Jiang Xiaowei
Published: February 2022

In this paper, the leader‐following consensus problem of general linear multi‐agent systems with distributed dynamic event‐triggered control is studied. A distributed controller with estimated states is designed and a dynamic event‐triggered communication protocol with an auxiliary variable is proposed for each agent to update its triggering threshold. Under this control strategy, the systems only need the states in triggering instants as a result of the utilisation of estimated states. The existence of a dynamic threshold guarantees fewer triggering times, in contrast to the conventional static one. Meanwhile, the estimator is designed between the triggering instants to reduce the state shift, the next state of each agent depends on the local information of itself and its neighbours rather than global information. Then, the multi‐agent systems can achieve consensus without Zeno behaviour. Finally, a simulation example is offered to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed approach.
Visual perception and local features for foreground‐background segmentation
Authors: Peng Tong , He Kun , Su Yao , Hui Ziwei
Published: February 2022

The traditional foreground‐background segmentation models mainly depend on the low‐level features of the image, while ignoring the visual effect. Combining visual perception and local features, a top‐down segmentation model is proposed. This model regards foreground‐background segmentation as a reasoning problem based on visual perception, and calculates the association between two‐pixel blocks through Kullback–Leibler divergence, which solves the ill‐posed problem of traditional single‐pixel recognition. Meanwhile, local features are used to optimize the overall segmentation results in detail and improve the segmentation accuracy. The experimental results on the CMU‐Cornell iCoseg database and the BSDS500 database show that visual perception and local features can help improve the segmentation performance to a certain extent.
Probabilistic context integration‐based aircraft behaviour intention classification at airport ramps
Authors: Lee Soomok , Seo Seung‐Woo
Published: February 2022

Self‐driving baggage tractors driving on airport ramps/aprons present new trends that promote better airport operation procedures and proliferate the aviation market. Airport ramps have unique mobility requirements when it comes to layout, population, demand, and patterns. Estimating aircraft movement is highly crucial and must be required because of safety reasons and airport operations rules. The movement of aircraft at the airport ramp is not dynamic but relatively static and slow. However, it is more complicated in estimating attributes. Even though the aircraft is parked and stationary, all operational vehicles should be cautious on aircraft pushing in or out from the parking stand. However, this is never dealt with in any research since aircraft detection observed at the airport ramp is not suggested in previous research. In this paper, a context‐aware fusion‐based method for aircraft intention detection at airport ramps is proposed. A parallel extraction of behavioural features from the aircraft and situational context detection from other adjacent objects are suggested. Using the proposed method, aircraft can be detected and aircraft movement context can be estimated. The feasibility of this algorithm is demonstrated based on the fluent dataset obtained at Cincinnati Airport.
The growth of distributed generation and associated challenges: A Great Britain case study
Authors: Gordon Samuel , McGarry Connor , Bell Keith
Published: February 2022

Great Britain has reached high penetrations of distributed generation (DG). Historically, there has been a lack of technical requirements for DG to provide system support and for network operators to monitor, control and gather detailed information on DG installations. As a result, much of it is unobservable and uncontrollable. This work has analysed the available data sources for the amount, size and type of DG installations in GB. It is found that the lack of transparency and consistency of data are likely to act as an obstacle to the development of a more active distribution network. The impact that high DG has on system operation and system stability is discussed, including the potential for DG to offer flexibility services. A system disturbance in GB on August 9th 2019 brought a number of issues into focus: Slow action to change inappropriate settings of DG loss‐of‐mains protection and the uncertainty that DG adds to the effectiveness of under frequency load shedding schemes. Finally, it is argued that coordination between transmission and distribution networks is central to addressing many of the challenges and is a key enabler to utilising the flexibility available from DERs and releasing capacity for more DERs to be connected.
Public organisations and innovation for smart and sustainable working
Authors: Romanelli Mauro
Published: February 2022

Public organisations are developing the potential of information technology to drive smart working as collaborative innovation in order to shape sustainable organisation for public value creation. Smart working is emerging as a new way to enable the work relationship as a framework which fosters collaborative innovation. Public organisations are embracing smart working mind set and practices as a way to enhance collaborative innovation and achieve sustainability as a vision for innovation and change in managing res publica, developing the social and human side in collaborative smart working by using the potential of information technology.
From Customer Data to Smart Customer Data: The Smart Data Transformation Process
Authors: Le Dinh Thang , Dam Nguyen Anh Khoa , Nguyen Chan Nam , Vu Thi My Hang , Pham Nguyen Cuong
Published: February 2022

Nowadays, smart data has emerged as a new trend in creating more business value for enterprises that is defined as the data that is gathered and processed to create new insights to support business decisions. However, the transformation from data into actionable insights is still a real challenge for enterprises. For this reason, this paper presents a smart data transformation process, which aims at transforming customer data into smart customer data in order to offer actionable insights. The purpose of the study is to propose a transformation process that can be used to operate a knowledge structure for a smart service system, which can manage and deliver smart data as a service. The process covers the three dimensions of a service system: Data processing corresponding to the engineering dimension, information processing corresponding to the science dimension, and knowledge processing corresponding to the management dimension for knowledge processing. Accordingly, a case study on the smart data transformation process of a customer journey management system as a smart service system is presented to demonstrate the application of the proposed process.
Internationale Studien im Jahre 2021
Authors: Artunc Ferruh
Published: February 2022

In diesem „Journal-Club“ soll eine Übersicht wichtiger Studien zum Thema „COVID-19 und Peritonealdialyse (PD)“ aus dem Jahr 2021 gegeben werden.
Immunsuppression und COVID-19
Authors: Fischereder Michael , Kemmner Stephan
Published: February 2022

COVID-19 Erkrankungen werden z. T. durch massive Zytokinfreisetzung und systemische Inflammation kompliziert. Bereits früh in der COVID-19-Pandemie zielten Therapieansätze auf eine Reduktion der Inflammation und so kann mittels intensiver Immunsuppression (IS) durch Dexamethason bei Patienten mit schwerwiegender COVID-19 Erkrankung die Mortalität um 36 % reduziert werden 1. Da in ersten Arbeiten Patienten nach Nierentransplantation (NTx) im Vergleich zu Dialysepatienten eine geringere Mortalität an COVID-19 zeigten, stellte sich früh die Frage nach dem Stellenwert einer vorbestehenden IS auf den Verlauf von COVID-19. Bereits erste Adjustierungen für Alter und Komorbiditäten ließen jedoch eine besondere Anfälligkeit für schwerwiegende Verläufe bei immunsupprimerten Patienten erkennen 2.
Schweigen in der Pflege – ein Grundsatz und seine Ausnahmen
Authors: Schinz Heidrun
Published: February 2022

In unserer neuen Rubrik „Der juristische Rat“ wird Rechtsanwältin Heidrun Schinz künftig in loser Reihenfolge juristische Themen unter die Lupe nehmen, die für Pflegende aus der Gesundheits- und Kinderkrankenpflege wichtig und interessant sind. Los geht’s mit dem Thema Schweigepflicht.
Die Möller-Niere
Authors: Brunner Jürgen
Published: February 2022

Dr. Curt Möller (1910–1965), Hamburg, entwickelte ab 1948 ein „Blut-Dialyse-Gerät“. Mit seinem Techniker Herrn Köhling und der Fa. Hübscher baute er einen geschlossenen Dialysator (
Abb. 1
).
Two Beer(s) or Not Two Beer(s): The eNose as an Instrument to Pacify
the World
Authors: Kopp Matthias Volkmar , Weckmann Markus , Nissen Gyde , Ricklefs Isabell , Härtel Christoph
Published: February 2022

Background Science prizes that are not meant to be very serious, stand-up
evenings, science slams or publications with a scientific twist: science comedy
comes in very different forms. But all variants have one thing in common:
humour. It can be used to hide the seriousness of life or, in this case,
everyday scientific life for a brief moment. Moreover, serious social or ethical
questions are also met. The GPP, a group of German, Austrian and Swiss Pediatric
Pulmonologists (GPP) is a scientific society with regular annual meetings.
Unsystematic observations and preliminary data suggest that beer consumption
increased by some of the participants during this event. Recently, electronic
nose (eNose) devices have been developed as a technology for disease screening
using exhaled-breath analysis. Here we addressed the issue, if the eNose can be
used to differentiate between real beer and fake beer.

Methods In this single-centre experimental study, 12 different
“real beer” types and one “fake beer” were
analyzed with regard to their emittance of volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
with the eNose as an electronic VOC-sensing technology.

Results Every single beer type can be identified by a characteristic
VOC-smell print using the eNose. Distinct clusters exist for bottom- and
top-fermented ales. Intriguingly, “Sylter Hopfen”, which is
marketed as a “champagne-beer” and tested as representative of a
“fake beer”, can be clearly differentiated from all other
genuine beer types.

Conclusion Our study provides the first objective data of beer flavor. In
the long term perspective the eNose might help to overcome the agonizing
controversy about beer flavors and, consequently, pacify the World. In the short
run, however, our results give support to more targeted and reserved beer
consumption during our annual meeting, especially since one specific beer shows
a very similar pattern to indoor air.
Pulmonary Alveolar Microlithiasis: A novel patient and brief review
of the literature
Authors: de Oliveira Mekonnen Ariana , Schwerk Nicolaus , Schütz Katharina , Schramm Leonie , Dreissig Anna , Grewendorf Simon , Sukdolak Cinja , Dopfer Christian , Auber Bernd , von Hardenberg Sandra , Happle Christine
Published: February 2022

Pulmonary Alveolar Microlithiasis (PAM) is a rare hereditary lung disease caused by
biallelic pathogenic variants (pV) in the solute family 34 member 2 gene
(SLC34A2; Izumi et al., Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2007; 175:
263–268). pVs in this sodium phosphate co-transporter gene lead to
accumulation of calcium phosphate crystals within pulmonary alveoli. More than 1000
cases of PAM were thus far reported, with high variance in disease courses (Stamatis
et al., Ann Thorac Surg 1993; 56: 972–975). Frequently, asymptomatic cases
are observed, and often times slow disease progression until respiratory
insufficiency in middle age occurs (Kosciuk, Eur Respir Rev 2020; 29: 200024).
Treatment options for PAM are scarce and largely ineffective, and lung
transplantation is the only effective therapy in end-stage disease (Stamatis et al.,
Ann Thorac Surg 1993; 56: 972–975). Here, we report a novel PAM case in an
adolescent migrant from East Africa and discuss current diagnostic and therapeutic
options.
Kurse der Nephrologischen WBS-Ulm
Authors: Bundschu Marion
Published: February 2022

Der neue Schulungsort ist das Bantleon Forum (Blaubeurer Straße 32, 89077 Ulm). Informationen zu den Veranstaltungen finden Sie auf
www.wbs-ulm.de

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Threshold evaluation for optimal number of endoscopic treatment sessions to achieve complete eradication of Barrett’s metaplasia
Authors: Mittal Chetan , Muthusamy V. Raman , Simon Violette C. , Brauer Brian C. , Mullady Daniel K. , Hollander Thomas , Sloan Ian , Kushnir Vladimir , Early Dayna , Rastogi Amit , Hammad Hazem T. , Edmundowicz Steven A. , Han Samuel , Thaker Adarsh M. , Ezekwe Ezenwanyi , Wani Sachin , Kwasny Mary J. , Komanduri Srinadh
Published: February 2022

Background Endoscopic eradication therapy (EET) is the standard of care for Barrett’s esophagus (BE)-associated neoplasia. Previous data suggest the mean number of EET sessions required to achieve complete eradication of intestinal metaplasia (CE-IM) is 3. This study aimed to define the threshold of EET sessions required to achieve CE-IM.

Methods The TREAT-BE Consortium is a multicenter outcomes cohort including prospectively enrolled patients with BE undergoing EET. All patients achieving CE-IM were included. Demographic, endoscopic, and histologic data were recorded at treatment onset along with treatment details and surveillance data. Kaplan–Meier analysis was performed to define a threshold of EET sessions, with 95 %CI, required to achieve CE-IM. A secondary analysis examined predictors of incomplete response to EET using multiple logistic regression and recurrence rates.

Results 623 patients (mean age 65.2 [SD 11.6], 79.6 % male, 86.5 % Caucasian) achieved CE-IM in a mean of 2.9 (SD 1.7) EET sessions (median 2) and a median total observation period of 2.7 years (interquartile range 1.4–5.0). After three sessions, 73 % of patients achieved CE-IM (95 %CI 70 %–77 %). Age (odds ratio [OR] 1.25, 95 %CI 1.05–1.50) and length of BE (OR 1.24, 95 %CI 1.17–1.31) were significant predictors of incomplete response.

Conclusion The current study found that a threshold of three EET sessions would achieve CE-IM in the majority of patients. Alternative therapies and further diagnostic testing should be considered for patients who do not have significant response to EET after three sessions.
Recent Advances in Radical Reactions of Vinyl Triflates and Their Derivatives
Authors: Kawamoto Takuji , Kamimura Akio
Published: February 2022

Vinyl triflates are valuable precursors for vinyl cations and vinyl carbenes and serve as electrophiles in transition-metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. However, the scope of radical reactions involving vinyl triflates has been very limited until recently. In this short review, we summarize the recent development on two categories of radical reactions involving vinyl triflates, i.e., radical trifluoromethylations and radical non-trifluoromethylations of vinyl triflates.

1 I ntroduction to Vinyl Triflates

2 Earlier Work on Radical Reactions of Vinyl Triflates

3 Radical Trifluoromethylations of Vinyl Triflates and Their Derivatives

4 Radical Non-Trifluoromethylation of Vinyl Triflates

5 Conclusions and Outlook
Injuries in Skating and Sledding Winter Sports: Patterns and Imaging Findings
Authors: Rizk Benoît , Brat Hugues , Pirrello Tony
Published: February 2022

While skiing and snowboarding are amongst the most common winter sports, skating and sledding activities are also popular for competition or recreation. Related injuries following an acute trauma mainly involve head, spine, upper and lower limbs. For elite athletes, overuse injuries represent a significant burden. In skating, lesions can be related to boot structure and design. This article reviews epidemiology, patterns, and imaging findings of common injuries in ice skating, short track speed skating, curling, luge, bobsleigh, and skeleton.
Imaging Review of Hockey-Related Upper Extremity Injuries
Authors: Yan Yet Yen , Holmes R. Davis , Mallinson Paul I. , Andrews Gordon T. , Munk Peter L. , Ouellette Hugue A.
Published: February 2022

Ice hockey is a fast-paced contact sport with a high incidence of injuries. Upper extremity injury is one of the most common regions of the body to be injured in hockey. This imaging review will equip the radiologist with a knowledge of the more common and severe upper extremity injuries that occur in this sport.
Imaging Review of Snowboard Injuries
Authors: Bohyn Cedric , Flores Dyan V. , Murray Timothy , Mohr Bruce , Cresswell Mark
Published: February 2022

Snowboarding and skiing remain the two most popular winter sports worldwide. Musculoskeletal (MSK) injuries are common in snowboarding, and the number has increased significantly since the advent of snow parks. The number of injuries is the highest for novice snowboarders; more experienced boarders generally sustain more severe injuries. Snowboarders can experience a wide array of MSK injuries, but some injury types are more frequently encountered because of the specific injury mechanism unique to snowboarding. This article reviews the most common snowboarding injuries with a focus on the current understanding of the injury mechanism and provides an approach to imaging.
Imaging Review of Hockey-related Lower Extremity Injuries
Authors: Holmes R. Davis , Yan Yet Yen , Mallinson Paul I , Andrews Gordon T , Munk Peter L , Ouellette Hugue A
Published: February 2022

Hockey is a fast-paced contact sport with a high incidence of injuries. Although injuries are more frequent among elite players, recreational hockey injuries are a common issue faced by primary care and emergency physicians. Lower extremity injuries in hockey are particularly important because they account for approximately a third of all injuries and > 60% of all overuse injuries. This pictorial review provides the general and specialty trained radiologist with a knowledge of the patterns of lower extremity injury that occur in ice hockey.
Total Synthesis of (+)-Kingianin A by Enantioselective Cycloaddition of Strained Cyclobutenone
Authors: Zhao Jinbo , Chen Qin , Lu Ping , Zhang Jie , Yan Peng , Wang Zhichao
Published: February 2022

We report here the first asymmetric total synthesis of (+)-kingianin A via dimerization of an enantioenriched bicyclo[4.2.0]octadiene. The synthesis features a chiral oxazaborolidinium ion catalyzed Diels–Alder reaction of strained cyclobutenone and stereoselective functionalization of the cyclobutane ring. A preliminary biological study indicated that (+)-kingianin A exhibits potent anticancer activities.
Validación de medidas de resultados informados por los pacientes en Ortopedia y Traumatología
Authors: Vidal Catalina , Lira María Jesús , Besa Pablo , Carmona Maximiliano , Irarrázaval Sebastián
Published: February 2022

En los últimos años, ha habido un aumento en la aplicación de cuestionarios diseñados para la medición de resultados (o desenlaces) clínicos en la práctica médica. Para aplicar un cuestionario en una población distinta a la cual fue originalmente creado y diseñado, es necesario llevar a cabo un proceso riguroso de adaptación, con una determinada metodología. El objetivo de esta guía metodológica es describir el proceso de traducción, adaptación transcultural y validación de medidas de resultados informados por los pacientes (MRIPs) en Ortopedia y Traumatología.

Nivel de evidencia: IV
Protecting Animal Welfare in Animal-Assisted Intervention: Our Ethical Obligation
Authors: Fine Aubrey H. , Griffin Taylor Chastain
Published: February 2022

When incorporating therapy animals into clinical practice, there are essential ethical considerations that must be considered to protect the welfare of both the people and the animals who are involved in the intervention. The field of animal-assisted interventions (AAIs) and more specifically animal-assisted therapy (AAT) is just beginning to appreciate the critical role that animal welfare has in enhancing the quality of the entire process of working with a therapy animal. In this article, the authors will present ethical models that are incumbent for practitioners to consider prior to partnering with a therapy animal. Examples of how a speech-language pathologist (SLP) might work with a therapy animal will be integrated throughout the article to demonstrate applied awareness of how good welfare not only protects the animal but also the clients who engage in the intervention. Key aspects to consider at all stages of AAT will be described, including considerations of welfare as they relate to selecting and working with a therapy animal, preparing clients for AAT, and developing specific competencies as an AAT practitioner. Theoretical support for these recommendations will also be outlined, preparing AAT providers to not only incorporate the highest standards in AAT but to also serve as an advocate in championing these standards as the field develops.
Imaging and reconstruction of high-energy proton beam spot before target based on secondary gamma rays
Authors: Tian Binbin , Sun Yankun , Yang Xiaoyun , Jing Hantao , Wang Sheng , Gao Xiaolong
Published: February 2022

The distribution and stability of the incident proton beam spot are critical for the stable operation of a high-power spallation target. This study proposes a method to capture images of the incident proton beam spot based on secondary gamma rays. The distribution of the backward secondary gamma rays irradiated by the primary proton beam on the incident surface of the target is close to the distribution of the protons and can be measured at a low-radiation position far from the target area. A relation of distributions between the incident protons and the secondary gammas is constructed by using the point response function of this pinhole imaging system. The proposed method of imaging is suitable for monitoring the distribution of the proton beam on the target in facilities that use a beam power of several megawatts or tens of megawatts, such as spallation neutron sources or accelerator-driven subcritical systems.
Sensitivity of SQUID-on-tip (SOT) to a magnetic nano-particle
Authors: Rubel Abul Hasnat
Published: February 2022

Within the state-of-the-art 3D Ginzburg–Landau (GL) formalism, we investigate the static features of the most sensitive SQUID-on-tip (SOT) device placed on the top of a nano-particle. The SOT sensor’s free energy, Cooper pair density, and screening current density in the loop are investigated for the nano-particle’s various placements and sizes. The dynamic aspects of the device, such as its voltage–current characteristics, are evaluated in the presence of transport current using the two-dimensional (2D) time-dependent GL formalism. The sensitivity of the SOT is examined using quantum oscillations of the device’s depairing current as a function of the nano-particle’s size and location. The location of the nano-particle at the device’s center and closer to the device’s loop is required for optimal SOT sensitivity.
In situ nonlinear optical spectroscopic study of the structural chirality in DPPC Langmuir monolayers at the air/water interface
Authors: Lin Lu , Li Yiyi , Qin Xujin , Yu Changhui , Liu Minghua , Zhang Zhen , Guo Yuan
Published: February 2022

We conduct a molecular study on the structural chirality in Langmuir monolayers composed of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) using in situ nonlinear optical spectroscopies, including second harmonic generation (SHG) and sum frequency generation (SFG). Chiral SHG response is observed from L-DPPC monolayers at moderate surface pressures and almost vanishes at a high surface pressure. SFG spectra of L-DPPC monolayers show chiral features that can be assigned to the terminal CH3 groups and the CH2 groups attached to the chiral center atom. This means that these achiral moieties form chiral superstructures at the interface. Along with increasing surface pressure, the structural chirality of CH3 groups shows a similar trend as that of chiral SHG, but CH2 chirality increases monotonically. Furthermore, in a racemic DPPC monolayer with a moderate surface pressure, both chiral SHG and chiral SFG of CH3 groups are absent, whereas chiral SFG of CH2 groups is clearly present, indicating that L- and D-DPPC are diastereomers at the air/water interface and interfacial CH2 prefers a certain orientation regardless of the molecular handedness. A molecular mechanism is proposed to explain the origin of the structural chirality in DPPC monolayers.