bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New approaches related to the use of polyamine-free and polyamine-deficient diets in the list of nutritional products for COVID-19 patients
Authors: Avagyan S.A. , Zilfyan A.V. , Muradyan A.A.
Published: October 2022

Researches aimed at finding effective means of pathogenic therapy for this viral infection are extremely relevant. Researches of the last three years have established that some human pathogenic coronaviruses – MERS, SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, contain aliphatic polyamines in their structure, which participate in the packaging of genetic material (DNA, RNA), as well as the nucleocapsid. Virus-host cell interactions also provide adhesion processes on the surface of the cytoplasmic membrane of target cells. In the intracellular space, aliphatic polyamines actively affect the translation and replication processes of the genetic material and necessary proteins of the virus itself, as well as the formation of daughter viruses. Long-term persistence in the SARS-CoV-2 infected organism is largely due to the absorption of polyamines by coronavirus localized in target cells of the blood and parenchymatous organs. Unfortunately, the above new facts did not serve as a prerequisite for finding effective means of pathogenetic therapy for COVID-19, based on the inhibition of polyamine-dependent processes that ensure long-term persistence of SARS-CoV-2 in the infected organism. We are talking about specific drugs such as α-difluoromethylornithine and its analogues, which are successfully used in oncology in the complex treatment of malignant neoplasms with the aim of lowering the level of aliphatic polyamines in the affected areas of malignantly transformed organs. We recommend the use of polyamine-free and polyamine-deficient diets for COVID-19 for the first time. In the planned study, we will present tables with food products of animal and vegetable origin, characterized by extremely low content and/or absence of aliphatic polyamines in them. At the same time, food products with a high content of aliphatic polyamines should be excluded from the general list of products recommended for COVID-19 patients. We also recommend the use of a polyamine-deficient diet (with a preventive purpose) during the COVID-19 pandemic to a wide contingent of practically healthy individuals, convalescents, medical staff of specialized infectious disease clinics, as well as family members of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients.
The Four Pillars for De-Risking Fluid Loss Potential Along Fault Damage Zone: A Framework for Well Designs and Drilling Operations
Authors: Chan A. W. , Brem A. G. , Abd Rahim M. H. , Numpang A. , Chong S.
Published: October 2022

Fluid loss along faults can pose significant operational challenges from drilling & completing wells to maintaining containment during fluid injection. While faults and fractures can be ubiquitous in the subsurface, not all of them pose the same threats to hydrocarbon extraction activities. During a drilling campaign in semi-consolidated deepwater clastics, a generic link between faults, fluid loss events, fluid circulation pressure and the fault strength parameters was established. In order to reduce the risks of fault-induced fluid loss along any proposed well path in future drilling campaigns, we developed and successfully implemented an integrated screening method that incorporates the observed correlation. The de-risking framework includes four elements (Geological, Geometrical, Mechanical and Dynamic considerations): Geological consideration highlighted the lithological influence on fault zone architecture and the confidence level on fault presences; Meanwhile, the placement of a well path relative to fault(s) will affect the exposure to potential leak paths; Thirdly, mechanical threshold of a fault will change the safe operation margin; And lastly, dynamic interaction between fluid and the fault zone during operation can alter fluid loss potential. Our proposed framework provides subsurface geoscientists and well engineers an efficient tool to quickly rank the integrated threats of fault-induced lost circulation to improve well design, optimize drilling and completion strategy along with appropriate level of mitigation and recovery measures. Unlike typical fault stability analyses that are primarily based on static fault zone architecture and/or stress-based slip potential, the integration and incorporation of engineering activities offers the missing link to de -risk and mitigate the threats posed by along fault fluid migration potential. With minor modifications, this framework can be extended for risk assessments related to containments, caprock or seal integrity evaluations related to other activities such as exploration, enhanced oil recovery or carbon capture and sequestration.
Digital Technology Optimizes Well Planning for a High Risk Well in Western China
Authors: Liu Wei , He Long , Tang Yuxiang , Chen Chao , Wang Lizhi , Qiu Kaibin
Published: October 2022

In this paper, a case study was presented on how to make a new step-change on well planning for a high-risk horizontal well with total depth up to 7500 m through utilizing a digital well planning solution powered by the latest innovative digital and cloud technology. The cloud-based digital well planning solution enables collaboration, concurrent engineering, automate computation & validation, and big data analytics. The entire solution removes barriers throughout different domains and integrates across domains, from geology and geomechanics to drilling engineering to substantially improve drilling engineering design based on in-depth geological and geomechanical understanding to fill the gap between geological design and drilling engineering design. The digital planning solution also brings all drilling engineering domains including mud engineer, bit engineer, cement engineer and drilling engineer in one platform. This, coupled with project orchestration, team collaboration and data management provides further productivity gains and cost savings for the entire team which is otherwise not possible through the traditional way.

1. INTRODUCTION

The PZ field, discovered in 2014 by SinoPEC, is a carbonate sour gas field in the western Sichuan Basin. The field, located at a depth of more than 5600 m in the Longmen Mountain Front Fold Belt, targets dolomite deposits in the Middle Triassic Leikoupo Formation. The first exploration well was tested at an absolute open flow (AOF) rate of 3.3×106 m3 per day (Xu et al. 2017), indicating great potential in the area.

Drilling long horizontal wells (up to 7500 m) was required to develop the PZ field effectively. However, the previous drilling operations encountered many challenges, such as kicks, mud losses, stuck pipes, and low rate of penetration (ROP), which had imposed high economic and health, safety, and environmental risks on the development of this reservoir, especially considering hydrogen sulfide content from the reservoir. As widely accepted, drilling engineering design, or well planning is the fundamental first step to addressing these drilling challenges to proactively and adequately reduce the drilling risks. However, the traditional way to carry out well planning is in a silo and sequential mode by multiple domains, making the optimization process very heavy and inefficient and often yields inconsistent and suboptimal results.
Leveraging Two-Way Coupled Geomechanics-Dynamic Modelling Workflow in Evaluating Highly Porous and Depleted Carbonate Field for CO2 Injection Site
Authors: Ali S. S. , Yakup M. H. , Mustafa M. A. , Tan C. P. , Mohamad-Hussein A. , Ni Q. , Fischer K.
Published: October 2022

In the pursuit of net-zero carbon by the year 2050, the PETRONAS Group Research & Technology has executed CO2 storage studies incorporating laboratories results as well as with advanced simulation modelling prior to project execution for a case study in the year 2025. This paper is intended to highlight the advanced two-way coupled geomechanics-dynamic modelling workflow involving rock property updating and simultaneous history match for both reservoir simulation and geomechanics modelling. The purpose of this extensive coupled modelling workflow is to evaluate the potential challenges and risk of CO2 injection and storage including the impact of reservoir compaction towards final CO2 storage capacity, fault reactivation, caprock integrity and final injection limit. Advanced numerical coupled modelling for high porosity and highly compactable reservoir capturing the complex dynamic flow of the actual field conditions is challenging and requires a lot of attention to detail. Integration of the various disciplines such as geomechanics, reservoir engineering, geology and geophysics are crucial for the success of this project. This paper will also highlight the novel workflow, challenges and lessons learnt from the advanced coupled geomechanics dynamic modelling which can be applied in other similar projects.

1. INTRODUCTION

The case study field was discovered in 1972 and production started in 1996. It is a carbonate gas field with about 350 ft of hydrocarbon interval and a thin oil rim of about 30 ft in thickness. The porosity ranges from 31 to 40% and extensive compaction has occurred with 700 psi pressure depletion throughout the gas production phase. Therefore, a Global Positioning System (GPS) sensor have been installed since the year 2000 to monitor the seabed subsidence due to field production. As the field has been depleted, it was identified as one of the potential CO2 storage sites which require an extensive subsurface evaluation before field injection.
Post-COVID-19 rehabilitation in the post-hospitalization period – case study
Authors: Polawski Michał , Obręcki Wiktor , Kościelniak Magdalena , Trąbka Rafał
Published: October 2022

Aim of the research work. The main goal of the research work was to show an author’s plan of physiotherapeutic intervention for people suffering of COVID-19 in the post-acute stage. The therapeutic procedure highlighted pulmonary rehabilitation, aerobic and resistance training and patient’s education. Case study. The research work was performed on a 62-year old woman, who was diagnosed with infection by SARS-CoV-2 virus. The patient was admitted to ICU with acute ARDS in a heavily severe condition. The medical history showed obesity, chronic ischemic heart disease, arterial hypertension and cardiac arrest (2011). The patient was admitted to the rehabilitation unit in the post-acute stage of infection, and was using passive oxygen therapy with oxygen flow set to 4 l/min. During the qualification for therapy the patient was tested using a questionnaire which consisted of clinical tests such as 6MWT, MRC, 30CST and FIM scale. Furthermore, the lungs were examined using spirometry. Identical measurements were being used every 2 weeks of the therapy process. After 8 weeks of physiotherapeutic procedure there was a significant increase of score in 6-MWT which upgraded by 750%. Systematic improvement was also visible in dyspnoea and fatigue, which completely surceased after finishing the therapeutic process. Functional state of the patient improved considerably which is shown by 30CST score, improved by 380%. Spirometry score analysis shows FVC, FEV1 and Tiffeneau-Pinelli index improve respectively by 40%, 53% and 9.6%. Summary. The therapeutic program based on pulmonary rehabilitation, aerobic and resistance training and patient’s education looks very promising. Implemented procedure contributed to the patient's relatively quick recovery to a pre-COVID-19 state. Patient’s physical and pulmonary efficiency were noticed, exertional tolerance increased, dyspnoea and fatigue gave way which all combined led to improved functional efficiency. Pulmonary system function was also enhanced which was demonstrated by spirometry.
حق الخصم في رسالة الحقوق للإمام زين العابدين 8 دراسة في الحجاج والدلالة
Authors: أ.م.د لطيف نجاح شهيد القصّاب
Published: October 2022

الحجاج أسلوب لغوي قديم عَرَفَتْه اللغات الإنسانية كافة منذ أقدم عصورها، وشاع استعماله  في إطار البحث الفلسفي اليوناني بوصفه جدلا يقوم على إيراد الحجج والبراهين من أجل إفحام الخصوم، وهو كذلك في نطاق البلاغة لاسيما الخُطَب الشفوية منها، والحجاج بهذا الوصف ماثلٌ في كثير من مصادر التراث العربي لاسيما لدى الكلاميين من مفسرين ومؤرخين ونحوهم.

وقد استقر الحجاج بوصفه اصطلاحا لمبحث لغوي جديد قائم على جملة من الآليات التحليلية  في نطاق الدراسات اللغوية الحديثة الغربية منذ منتصف القرن العشرين، ثم دخل العالم العربي فأصبح القرآن الكريم وكثيرٌ من مصادر التراث المعتبرة ميدانا لتطبيقاته. والدراسة التي بين أيدينا ومضمارها رسالة الحقوق للإمام زين العابدين 8 ارتكزت على تبيّن ملامح الحجاج في أربعة حقوق منها يجمعها عنوان مشترك هو حق الخصم تجلّى فيها حسٌ إنساني رفيع هو واقع حال نظام القيَم الإسلامية في جوهرها الأصيل المستمد من تعاليم القرآن الكريم.
أنسنة التشريع الضريبي عند الامام علي (عليه السلام)
Authors: م.د حسين محمد صادق موسى
Published: October 2022

تتخبّط دول العالم في موضوع فرض الضرائب على المواطنين، فهي لم تستقر على تشريع ضريبي ذو قواعد واضحة، رغم كل الدراسات النظرية والتجارب العملية، وبالتالي لم تتمكّن من القضاء على ظاهرة التهرب الضريبي مع إمكانياتها وأجهزتها الرقابية.

أما أمير المؤمنين علي بن ابي طالب صلوات الله عليه، فله منهج وسياسة مختلفة، فقد وضع قواعد يمكن تطبيقها في كل زمان، وتؤدي إلى تطور عملية التنمية في كافة مجالاتها (الاقتصادية، السياسية، الأمنية، والاجتماعية).

فتنفيذ تشريع ضريبي يؤدي الى وفرة في الإيرادات، وفي نفس الوقت يكون إنسانياً ويراعي كل طبقات المجتمع وظروفهم المتقلّبة، له أثرٌ مهم في خلق حاضنة شعبية تؤدي الى استقرار النظام السياسي واستمراريته، فقد ركّز أمير المؤمنين u في عهده المبارك الى مالك الأشتر رضوان الله عليه على عدّة قضايا جوهرية، أهمها أولوية العمران والتنمية على الخراج والضريبة، وكذلك عدم غياب الحاكم عن الناس، بل التواصل المستمر والاستماع الى مشاكلهم وشكاواهم بشكل مباشر، ومساعدة الفقراء، ومعرفة موارد صرف الضرائب بشكل واضح وشفاف، والمراقبة المستمرة للموظفين، وبالتالي بناء ثقة متينة بين المواطن والحكومة، فالضريبة في نظره وسيلة وليست غاية، فيجب أن تكون مرنة وإنسانية، وليست جامدة أو قاسية أو متشدّدة.
بناء الجملة في معلقة زهير بن أبي سلمى
Authors: أ.م.د. هاشم جبار الزرفي  , م.د. غزوان حميد عبد السعيدي
Published: October 2022

يرتبط موضوع البحث، بالنحو والأدب العربي، إذ يبحث كيفية بناء الجملة في احدى معلقات الشعر الجاهلي، وهي معلقة زهير بن أبي سلمى، وسبب اختيارها يرجع الى تحمله هذه المعلقة من دلالات ومعاني فضلا عن جودة التركيب النحوي، واللغة الفصيحة.

فقد تعددت انماط بناء الجملة في معلقته وتنوعت بين الخبرية والانشائية والشرطية، وجملة القسم.

وبدلك حاول البحث أن يستوعب موضوع الدراسة بمنهجية استقرائية شاملة.
Agonopterix guanchella Buchner, sp. n., a new species of Depressariidae from Canary Islands (Spain) (Lepidoptera: Depressariidae)
Authors: Buchner P.
Published: October 2022

Agonopterix guanchella Buchner, sp. n. is described. It has been collected from three different places, all in Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain. The adult and genitalia of both sexes of the new species and some similar species are illustrated. Hostplant is unknown so far, and a species closely related to it could not be detected.
New data on the distribution of little-known Pyraloidea species from Croatia (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea)
Authors: Gumhalter D.
Published: October 2022

New records and data on distribution concerning 15 Pyraloidea species (Pyralidae, Crambidae) little-known in Croatia are given. The majority of the specimens were collected around the Velebit area, or lesser-studied areas of Continental Croatia, with other material collected in Dalmatia. Three species were reported for the first time from the Mountainous and the Continental geographic area. Within these studied regions, one species was recorded for the first time after more than 150 years, six species after more than 120 years, four species after more than 100 years and five species after almost 70 years. Altogether 13 out of the total of 15 species were recorded for the first time in recent investigations from Croatia: one after an absence of 120 years, three species for the first time in 70 years and nine after almost 20 years.
The Effect of Complementery Acupressure Therapy for Morning Sickness
Authors: Kusmindarti Indah , Eka P Veryudha , Yulianti Indra
Published: October 2022

Emesis gravidarum is a physiological thing but if it is not treated immediately, it will become a pathological thing. Most of emesis gravidarum can be treated with outpatient treatment and administration of sedatives and anti-vomiting drugs, but a small percentage of pregnant women cannot cope with ongoing nausea and vomiting so that it interferes with daily activities and falls into a condition called hyperemesis gravidarum. Not all pregnant women can undergo therapy using drugs, there are some mothers who do not really like it when they must take drugs, so the provision of non-pharmacological therapy is needed here. One of the non-pharmacological therapies that can be used to treat emesis gravidarum is acupressure. Research Objectives: This study aims to determinethe effect of complementary acupressure therapy on morning sickness in Mojokarang village, Dlanggu, Mojokerto in 2020. The research design used in this study was a Quasy Experiment with a pretest and posttest design with a control group. The population was 30 people with 15 people as the treatment group and 15 people as the control group. The sampling technique in this research is done by purposive sampling. Data analysis using t-test. Results:  Showed vomiting before intervention Mean 10.53 Min 9 Max 13 and Standard Deviation 1.408 and Standard Error 0.257, after being given acupressure Mean 7.30 Min 5 Max 10 and Standard Deviation 1.317 and Standard Error 0.240. Statistical test results obtained value of P-value = 0.000 means that their Effect Therapy Complementary Acupressure to The Morning Sickne ss pregnant women in the village Mojokarang Dlanggu District of Mojokerto 2020. Conclusion: Acupressure stimulates the regulatory system and activates endocrine and neurologic mechanisms, by stimulating the hypothalamus to secrete endorphins that provide a sense of relaxation. Suggestion: As input in providing information about morning sickness, understanding, treatment and impact if morning sickness left, besides the benefits and resources for mothers on treatment of nausea and vomiting using complementary acupressure in daily life.
Design Science Research: Balancing Science and Art in Building a Game Applied to Health
Authors: Oliveira Luma Wanderley de , Oliveira Saulo Soares de , Vieira Marcos Alves , Santos Silvana de Lima Vieira dos , Carvalho Sérgio Teixeira de
Published: October 2022

In the field of applied computing, such as in the development of games applied to health, there is a growing interweaving of two distinct fields: ”Science” and ”Art”. The methodology of Design Science Research (DSR) can contribute by directing with greater scientific rigor the development of technology-oriented research. The objective of this paper is to present and discuss the use of the DSR methodology in applied computing research, in which the developed artifact is a game applied to health. Three development cycles were defined. The first cycle prioritizes the understanding of the problem, the second defines the development of the main artifact, and the third, in turn, deals with the evaluation of the artifact. In this way, it was possible to instantiate a DSR model and generate artifacts that contribute to the understanding and the practical development of the solution. We also present a discussion about the conduct of the research and adaptations that this model could receive for research focused on game design for applied game development. The conclusion is that a balance between ”Science” and ”Art” results in innovative work that is in demand for production.
Extracorporeal Blood Purification with the Oxiris Membrane in Septic Shock
Authors: Turani Franco , Martini Sara
Published: October 2022

Septic shock with AKI is associated with a high mortality. We evaluated whether continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) using a membrane (oXiris) with adsorbing properties could improve cardio-renal response and modulate endotoxin and cytokine levels. 105 patients requiring CRRT for septic shock-AKI received CRRT with an oXiris filter. The main cardio-renal parameters, SOFA total score, SOFA organ score, endotoxin and cytokine levels were measured at baseline (T0) and 72 h after the start of CRRT (T1). Norepinephrine infusion rate, blood lactate levels, and thromboelastographic parameters were monitored. At T1, the renal function improved (p < 0.01) urinary output increased ( p < 0,.01 ) with the cardiac response and the decrease of norepinephrine infusion. SOFA total decreased to 8.4 ± 3 from 12 ± 2 (p < 0.001). Endotoxin decreased also at T 1 ( p < 0.01) with a reduction of Il 6 and procalcitonin. Lactate level ranged from 3.37 ± 3.2mto 1.67 ± 1.8 mmol/l (p < 0.01). CRRT with the oxiris filter improves the cardio renal response response in septic patients with AKI. This is associated with a modulation of endo-toxemia, of cytokines and the stability of the coagulation parameters.
Bowel Preparation before Elective Colorectal Surgery: Its Current Role
Authors: Kumar Navin , Giri Goswami Aakansha , Mallik Dhiraj , Kumar Singh Sudhir , Huda Farhanul , Basu Somprakas
Published: October 2022

Bowel preparation for elective colorectal surgery has been performed for decades with the assumption to decrease infectious complications and anastomotic leaks. Nevertheless, the scientific basis of the same is still debatable. Various methods of bowel preparation are mechanical bowel preparation (MBP) with or without prophylactic oral antibiotics (POA), preoperative POA alone without MBP, and preoperative enema alone without MBP and POA. However, there is no consensus on the optimal type of bowel preparation. The available agents for MBP are polyethylene glycol (PEG) and sodium phosphate (NaP) or picosulphate. The most common prophylactic oral antibiotic regimen used in preoperative bowel preparation is Neomycin and Metronidazole a day before surgery, although the microbiological basis of this is unverified. Most studies around the beginning of this century indicate inadequate evidence for using MBP for colorectal surgery to suggest harm caused by the process and accordingly advise against it. However, several retrospective studies and meta-analyses, which were done after 2014, arguably demonstrate that preoperative MBP and POA reduce the postoperative surgical site infection rate. However, as per the current evidence, it can be suggested that MBP and preoperative POA can be safely included in the preoperative preparation of elective colorectal surgery.
Peculiar Features of the Pumping Function of the Heart in Three Types of Cardiomyopathy of Various Genesis
Authors: Kapelko Valeri
Published: October 2022

The review considers changes in the pumping and contractile function of the heart in three types of cardiomyopathies. Isoproterenol cardiomyopathy is closest to ischemic cardiomyopathy, which is most commonly observed in the clinic. Cardiomyopathy caused by chronic administration of doxorubicin represents the closest to the clinic variant of toxic cardiomyopathy. Diabetic cardiomyopathy is increasingly common in our time; the review will consider information about type 1 diabetes. The greatest attention in the review is paid to diastolic dysfunction of the heart, the main causes of its occurrence and compensatory mechanisms are analyzed. The earliest changes in diastolic dysfunction in these types of cardiomyopathies are a slowdown in myocardial relaxation and endothelial dysfunction. Information is given showing that the basis of delayed relaxation is two reasons—impaired transport of Ca++ in cardiomyocytes and altered properties of connectin (titin). The ability of mitochondrial oriented antioxidants to prevent cardiac dysfunction caused by doxorubicin has been demonstrated.
Perspective Chapter: Real-Time Genomic Surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 on Center Stage
Authors: Paz Mercedes , Moreno Pilar , Moratorio Gonzalo
Published: October 2022

The course of the COVID-19 pandemic depends not only on how the SARS-CoV-2 virus mutates but on the actions taken to respond to it. Important public health decisions can only be taken if we know viral dynamics, viral variants distribution, and whether new variants are emerging that may be more transmissible or/and more virulent, displaying evasion to vaccines or antiviral treatments. This situation has put the use of different approaches, such as molecular techniques and real-time genomic sequencing, to support public health decision-making on center stage. To achieve this, robust programs based on: (i) diagnostic capacity; (ii) high-throughput sequencing technologies; and (iii) high-performance bioinformatic resources, need to be established. This chapter focuses on how SARS-CoV-2 evolved since its discovery and it summarizes the scientific efforts to obtain genomic data as the virus spread throughout the globe.
Dispute Resolution Mechanism for Smart Contracts
Authors: Kasatkina Marina
Published: October 2022

Disputes regarding smart contracts are inevitable, and parties will need means for dealing with smart contract issues. This article highlights the need for dispute resolution mechanisms for smart contracts. The author provides analysis of the possible mechanisms to solve disputes arising from smart contracts, namely dispute resolution by traditional arbitration institutions and blockchain arbitration. Article acknowledges the benefits and challenges of both mechanisms. In the light of this, the author concludes about instituting a hybrid approach aimed at resolving disputes that will not stymie efficiencies of smart contracts.
Hidden holocaust: Documents, interpretations and testimonies
Authors: Bajić Predrag
Published: October 2022

The study Jasenovac - Auschwitz of the Balkans gathers in one place numerous documents, interpretations and testimonies about the notorious camp system in the territory of the former Independent State of Croatia. Behind this book, at the same time the first volume of the trilogy, stands the name of Professor Gideon Greif, PhD, the Israeli historian and University Professor, expert for research of the Holocaust, particularly known worldwide for his research regarding Auschwitz. It is due to the comparison itself of two synonyms of evil, where the scale can adequately be seen of what is immeasurably less visible in the planetary framework, with what has become the focal point of the Holocaust remembrance, that the work of the author and his associates is of particular importance, with the emphasis on the specific features of Jasenovac camp and giving a broader context through other segments. This work encourages thinking and contributes to the remembrance culture, thus fulfilling the moral obligation towards the victims, which is also stressed by the author's team.
DASH diet in the prevention and treatment of arterial hypertension
Authors: Jelačik Laura , Požar Hajnalka , Šumonja Sanja
Published: October 2022

It is estimated that almost half of the adult population suffers from arterial hypertension in the Republic of Serbia. The development of arterial hypertension and its complications can be successfully controlled and prevented. The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension, that is, the DASH diet is one of the most efficient dietary eating patterns in the control of hypertension. It leads to an average reduction in blood pressure by 4 to 15 mmHg, supports the optimization of body mass and lipids in the blood serum. The DASH diet promotes rational and balanced diet. In order to bring principles of the DASH diet closer to patients, it is necessary to adequately engage a nutritionist - dietician in working with high-risk patients. The paper presents practical recommendations for the implementation of the DASH diet and includes illustrations that serve to improve counseling work with patients in primary health care.
Cynicism, pessimism, and homophobia as predictors of negative attitudes towards people with HIV/AIDS
Authors: Nikolić Miljana , Milićević Nebojša
Published: October 2022

The aim of the research was to examine whether it is possible to predict negative attitudes towards people with HIV/ AIDS with the help of cynicism, pessimism, and homophobia. The sample was convenient and consisted of 100 respondents (M = 20, F = 80), average age 22.63 (SD = 5.04). The following instruments were used for the operationalization of the mentioned constructs: Scale of Pessimism, Scale of Cynicism, and Test of Homophobia (H25). To measure negative attitudes towards people living with HIV/AIDS, we used a subscale of the test which operationalizes the tendency to stigmatize and discriminate against people living with HIV/AIDS. Hierarchical linear regression was used to process the results. Predictors were pessimism, cynicism, and homophobia, while the criteria were negative attitudes towards people with HIV/AIDS. The results show that the first two models were not statistically significant, while the last model, after adding a variable that measures homophobia, becomes significant. The model composed of cynicism, pessimism, and homophobia explains 34% of the total variance (p = .00). Homophobia makes a significant contribution to the prediction, which is also a statistically significant predictor of negative attitudes towards people with HIV/AIDS (b = .54, t = 6.43, p = .00). Pessimism was also a statistically significant individual predictor (b = 20, t = 2.00, p = .05). It can be concluded that higher levels of pessimism and more pronounced homophobia significantly predict negative attitudes towards people with HIV/AIDS.
Control Issues: Examining the Relationship between Low Self-Control and Intimate Partner Violence for both Perpetrators and Victims
Authors: Chintakrindi Sriram , Gupta Suditi
Published: October 2022

Gottfredson and Hirschi’s (1990) low self-control theory is linked to individual-level non-violent and violent criminal offending. In this study, we examine secondary-data collected from a transnational sample of survey respondents (n = 17404) to test a predictive model of low self-control on outcomes related to intimate partner violence for both perpetrators and victims. We control for several variables related to socio-demographic characteristics, substance use history, and deviance history when we test our model using logistic regression analysis. The results from our analysis indicates that a unidimensional measure of low self-control is a consistent and statistically significant predictor of outcomes related to intimate partner violence, even when control variables are entered into the model. These findings have strong policy implications for identifying risk-factors and interventions associated with intimate partner violence.
The Title System of Pingelap and the Diversity of Atoll Political Organizations
Authors: Damas David
Published: October 2022

This paper focuses on the factors involved in the
development, political process, and guiding principles of
a title system which formed the basis of polity on Pingelap
atoll in the Eastern Carolines. The evolution of the
system of titles is discussed with particular attention to
the historical and geographical factors involved in its
development, and the effects of contact with other
cultures on that system. Comparisons are drawn within
Micronesia and used to create a base for broader
examination of Pacific polities.
Les Mochica et la mort
Authors: Arsenault Daniel
Published: October 2022

A partir de principes issus de l’approche contextuelle en
archéologie, l’auteur propose une grille de lecture des pratiques
mortuaires propres aux Mochica, une société préhistorique
de l’Aire andine. Cette lecture contextuelle des
données sépulcrales et iconographiques mochica met ainsi
en relief l’existence d’une « stratégie du sacré », élaborée et
contrôlée par les groupes dominants, lois de manifestations
funèbres. L’hypothèse défendue ici est que le contexte mortuaire
mochica a constitué un lieu efficace pour la transmission,
la propagation et la perpétuation du message idéologique
produit par l’élite politico-religieuse, dans les
diverses régions qu’elle dominait.
Exhibit and Marketing Techniques in Shopping Malls:
The Example of Oakridge Centre
Authors: Mulongo Absolom H.
Published: October 2022

The architecture, organization and activities within a
large shopping mall are described and analyzed. The mall
is shown to both reflect and recreate the values of middle
class Canadian culture. Both explicit and implicit comparisons
are made with Zambian culture.
PERSPECTIVES ETHNOLOGIQUES SUR L’ART DU CONTE : DU TEXTE À LA PERFORMANCE DU CONTEUR1
Authors: Roberge Martine
Published: October 2022

Le conte populaire (ou conte de tradition orale) est un des premiers objets d’étude en ethnologie-folklore. Il appartient au domaine de l’oralité souvent désigné par l’expression « littérature orale » ou « orature ». Cet article présente dans un premier temps l’historiographie des études sur le conte en ethnologie en montrant comment le regard des chercheurs s’est déplacé du « texte » vers le « contexte », c’est-à-dire de l’objet vers son contexte d’énonciation et vers celui qui raconte. Afin d’exemplifier ce qui caractérise le conte oral et les conteurs d’autrefois, l’examen de la démarche de deux conteurs contemporains, Michel Faubert et Fred Pellerin, tous deux associés à la transmission patrimoniale du conte oral, permet dans un deuxième temps d’illustrer leur conception du conte, leurs influences et leur art de raconter tout en cherchant à savoir s’ils se rattachent à la tradition. Pour ces conteurs, l’art du conte consiste à « faire surgir des images » car c’est dans la performance de l’acte de conter que l’imaginaire se nourrit et c’est dans la relation avec l’auditoire que la forme orale du conte se maintient, que le conte prend vie. Les recherches ethnologiques sur le conte s’intéressent désormais à ses formes modernes, multiples et innovantes, issues d’un processus dynamique de communication et de transmission où la performativité du conteur est centrale. En somme, l’art du conte pour l’ethnologue est une tradition bien vivante qui ne se réduit pas à un folklore muséifié.
REGARD CRITIQUE SUR LA PRATIQUE CONTEMPORAINE DU CONTE AU QUÉBEC À L’AUNE DU GENRE ET DE L’ETHNICITÉ
Authors: Hocine Julien
Published: October 2022

Ce texte propose de réfléchir au renouveau du conte au Québec à l’aune du genre et de l’ethnicité. La réflexion s’appuie sur les discours et les expériences de conteurs et conteuses s’identifiant à des minorités ethniques et autochtones du Québec recueillis à l’occasion d’une étude sociologique conduite entre 2017 et 2019 dans le cadre d’une recherche partenariale portant sur le monde du conte et la place des minorités ethniques et des Autochtones. À partir de constats établis à partir des résultats préliminaires de cette étude, l’auteur situe les entraves à l’inclusion auxquels font souvent face les artistes dit.e.s « de la diversité » dans une assignation à la « diversité ethnoculturelle » qui restreint leur expressivité. Les impensés de cette assignation sont examinés en ce qu’ils constituent une des facettes à repenser pour parvenir à un changement social et rétablir le sens d’une pratique du conte et de l’oralité qui nous fait tant défaut aujourd’hui.
APOSTROPHES ET ENTRELACS DES VOIX
Authors: Bonenfant Luc
Published: October 2022

Art oral, le conte du renouveau repose sur un hic et nunc énonciatif qui appelle une double présence : celle de l’artiste ; celle de son auditoire. Le conte oral n’existe en effet que lorsqu’il est proféré et entendu. Dans ce contexte, on comprendra que l’adresse (sous forme d’apostrophe ou autre) est le procédé rhétorique privilégié par les conteurs afin d’engager l’attention de leur auditoire. Cet article réfléchit aux enjeux formels et esthétiques de l’adresse en contexte de conte pour ensuite en découvrir les corollaires éthiques. Dans la mesure où « la capacité d’échanger des expériences » (Benjamin) se trouve au coeur de l’acte de conter, l’adresse du conte serait tout autant un appel à être entendu qu’un appel à entendre l’autre. Ce faisant, l’article éprouve l’hypothèse selon laquelle le procédé formel d’apostrophe, dans l’art du conte, ne trouve son sens plein que dans la dimension sociale, voire biopolitique de la multitude (Negri), de sa réalisation.
MATERNITÉ EXTRÊME ET TRANSGRESSION DANS L’HÉRITIER DE SIMONE BUSSIÈRES1
Authors: Gibeau Ariane
Published: October 2022

Dans une perspective féministe, cet article se penche sur la représentation de la maternité dans le roman L’Héritier (1951) de Simone Bussières. Autrice aujourd’hui oubliée, Bussières propose le récit novateur d’une mère porteuse prête à tout pour retrouver son enfant. L’article vise à analyser la manière dont le texte, par son intrigue mais aussi, paradoxalement, par sa forme mélodramatique, conteste de manière oblique l’appropriation du corps des femmes, suggère une renégociation des valeurs symboliques entre pères et mères et, partant, annonce certains thèmes fondateurs de la fiction féministe des années 1970.
La liberté sémiotique : une force émergente
Authors: Hoffmeyer Jesper
Published: October 2022

Cet article présente des arguments en vue d’une résolution des problèmes liés à la question de l’intentionnalité naturelle dans une perspective biosémiotique. En confrontant les théories de l’information au modèle évolutionniste dominant en biologie, l’auteur montre les insuffisances du réductionnisme néodarwinien dans les cas d’adaptation sans évolution au sens strict de la sélection naturelle. Ainsi est-ce l’agentivité qui se retrouve au coeur de l’interrogation : comment a-t-elle pu émerger au sein de la nature ? Est-elle suffisante pour définir le vivant ? Le modèle biosémiotique permet d’envisager un continuum évolutif au sein du vivant, dont le facteur de croissance, et l’effet, serait l’accroissement de la liberté sémiotique, c’est-à-dire l’amélioration, pour les organismes vivants, de leurs compétences interprétatives, liberté dont l’effet bénéfique sur la valeur sélective s’observe à travers une sophistication des modes de communication inhérents à leur organisation.
Face aux vices et aux vertus du leadership paternaliste en contexte africain
Authors: Etogo Gabriel
Published: October 2022

Deux interprétations dominent les recherches sur le leadership paternaliste en Afrique : d’un côté les valeurs culturelles sont présentées comme un levier de mobilisation et d’implication des personnes au travail ; de l’autre on considère que cette forme de direction des hommes entrave l’expression de pratiques efficaces. Ces deux approches, prises séparément, comportent des limites. Pour mettre en oeuvre une démarche de changement qui prenne en compte ces deux dimensions, l’intégration des différences de rationalités et de logiques se positionne comme une perspective pertinente. Une telle posture participe de la reconnaissance de la rationalité des acteurs engagés dans ce processus.
Complexité attributionnelle et leadership : le contexte sénégalais
Authors: Estay Christophe , Faye El Hadji Malick , Mai Catherine , Durrieu François
Published: October 2022

Cet article propose un test empirique du modèle d’attribution du leadership basé
sur la complexité attributionnelle CA des managers et de l’exactitude de leurs attributions
sur les subordonnés. À partir d’un échantillon de cadres et de subordonnés au Sénégal, les
hypothèses suivantes sont formulées : l’AC des managers, les stratégies correctives des
managers et la perception des subordonnées sont liées à l’exactitude des attributions, aux
attributions isomorphes et aux variables de satisfaction des subordonnés. Notre étude
contribue à la littérature sur le leadership interculturel. Les résultats sont discutés
ainsi que les limites et orientations futures.
L’approche éducative en matière d’interculturel dans le système scolaire
italien
Authors: Crispi Valentina
Published: October 2022

Le champ concerné par la recherche dont rend compte cet article est celui de
l’approche éducative en matière « d’interculturel » dans le système scolaire italien.
L’article analyse les choix pédagogiques et les actions éducatives mis en place afin de
répondre aux nouvelles exigences éducatives suscitées par la présence des élèves étrangers
dans l’école. À travers une analyse des textes nationaux de référence en matière d’éducation
(concernant la gestion de la différence culturelle dans le système scolaire) et l’analyse du
discours des enseignants engagés dans la mise en place des dispositifs en matière
d’interculturalité, on cherche à présenter les principes qui caractérisent l’approche
éducative italienne quant à la gestion de la différence culturelle dans l’école et à
identifier les lignes d’action induites par les politiques éducatives. Nous cherchons
surtout à mettre en évidence : I) la place donnée à la formation interculturelle dans le
système éducatif italien; II) les types de compétences interculturelles qui sont attendus
des enseignants et des éducateurs; III) les objectifs principaux de cette
formation.
Se familiariser avec la culture de son milieu en classe d’accueil au primaire
Authors: Samountry Nicole
Published: October 2022

Cet article présente un aperçu de la problématique, du cadre conceptuel et de la méthodologie d’une recherche en cours de réalisation s’inscrivant dans le cadre d’un programme de maîtrise en didactique des langues secondes. Cette étude vise à rapporter les représentations et pratiques déclarées des enseignants quant à la compétence « Se familiariser avec la culture de son milieu » prescrite au programme de l’accueil au niveau primaire.

Une brève présentation de la classe d’accueil et de cette compétence tel que présentée actuellement dans le Programme de formation québécoise (PFEQ) commencera l’article. Ces faits seront ensuite corroborés avec quelques perspectives scientifiques existant en didactique des langues dont le concept de culture en éducation, les rapports qu’entretiennent les concepts de langue et de culture ainsi que les représentations que s’en font les enseignants. À la lumière de ces postulats, des pistes didactiques seront proposées pour développer la compétence « Se familiariser avec la culture de son milieu » chez les élèves en classe d’accueil au primaire. La méthodologie projetée pour la réalisation de la recherche qui sous-tend cet article sera finalement présentée.
Compétences interculturelles renouvelées dans la formation des enseignants de langues en Finlande
Authors: Dervin Fred
Published: October 2022

La notion d’interculturel traverse actuellement des « turbulences » aussi bien en recherche que dans les discours quotidiens (Dervin, 2012). De nombreux chercheurs, issus d’horizons très différents mais travaillant sur l’interculturel en didactique des langues, tels que Abdallah-Pretceille (1986), Holliday (2010), Piller (2011) ou encore Dervin (2012), appellent à renouveler la notion, à aller au-delà du culturalisme (la « culture » comme alibi ou excuse) et à prendre en compte davantage les contextes d’interaction et de rencontre, mais aussi les positionnements des interlocuteurs. Ce bouleversement paradigmatique et méthodologique devrait être pris davantage en compte en didactique des langues et surtout dans la formation des enseignants de langues, qui jouent un rôle prépondérant dans la formation interculturelle des élèves. Dans cet article, nous expliquons comment cela a été rendu possible dans une formation offerte à l’Université d’Helsinki en Finlande en passant en revue tout d’abord les cadres conceptuels, théoriques et méthodologiques mis en place, puis en examinant certaines productions d’enseignants-stagiaires dans le cadre d’un portfolio de compétences interculturelles (PICSTEP).
L’utilisation de la bande dessinée en salle de classe : un outil de formation interculturelle critique
Authors: Jacquet Marianne , Côté Isabelle
Published: October 2022

L’enseignement de la culture représente depuis longtemps une dimension importante des objectifs d’apprentissage prescrits dans les programmes de langue au Canada (Bajard, 2004; Leblanc, Courtel et Trescases, 1990); qu’il s’agisse de l’enseignement du français langue seconde (FLS), du français langue maternelle (FL1) ou encore de l’enseignement du français dans les programmes d’immersion française (FI). Toutefois, la dimension interculturelle de l’enseignement des langues représente un défi pour beaucoup d’enseignants qui se limitent souvent aux dimensions plus formelles de la langue et aux symboles culturels les plus accessibles. Plusieurs auteurs s’interrogent en effet sur le traitement réducteur et stéréotypé de la culture dans les cours de langue (Kubota, 2004; Kramsch, 2003; Brody, 2003; Beacco, 2000). Dans cet article, les auteures présentent les résultats d’une étude exploratoire menée auprès d’étudiants en formation initiale en Colombie-Britannique, laquelle visait à documenter l’utilisation de la BD pour développer des compétences interculturelles critiques dans l’enseignement des langues. Les défis particuliers rencontrés par les étudiants-maîtres lors des activités réalisées avec cet outil pédagogique ainsi que les apprentissages réalisés sont discutés.
La Paraphrase de Sem (NH VII, 1), le Codex manichéen de Cologne et la polémique antibaptismale
Authors: Roberge Michel
Published: October 2022

Cet article examine la polémique antibaptismale par laquelle se termine la Paraphrase de Sem (NH VII, 1), en fonction de ce que nous savons du mouvement baptiste elkasaïte et de ce que nous apprend le Codex manichéen de Cologne. À la lumière de ces sources, on peut formuler l’hypothèse que le jeune Mani a été témoin de la polémique qui a dû s’instaurer entre les membres de la communauté elkasaïte à laquelle il appartenait et ceux qui propageaient la doctrine de la Paraphrase dirigée contre leurs pratiques baptismales. Les controverses suscitées par cet écrit ont pu influencer Mani dans sa décision de quitter sa communauté et dans l’élaboration de sa doctrine antibaptismale, mais aussi, de façon plus générale, dans quelques points de l’élaboration de son système.
Déroulement et apport de la technique du protocole oral chez le lecteur adulte
Authors: de Serres Linda
Published: October 2022

Dans le cadre d’une étude sur les stratégies de lecture, nous avons fait appel à une technique introspective : le protocole oral. Dans le présent article, nous abordons certains points en rapport avec cette technique dont la familiarisation des participants à la verbalisation, la transcription des protocoles et la vérification de la fidélité des données. Seize universitaires francophones aux études avancées ont lu deux résumés d’articles scientifiques (un en français et un en anglais), et verbalisé leurs stratégies de lecture. Quatre-vingt-dix stratégies ont pu ainsi être colligées. En plus de faire état des stratégies mêmes, nous présentons les limites du protocole et ses retombées pédagogiques.
L’élève comme objet d’évaluation au sein d’une démarche d’apprentissage de la lecture
Authors: Le-Bastard-Landrier Séverine , Suchaut Bruno
Published: October 2022

Cet article propose, dans un premier temps, une description et une analyse des démarches d’apprentissage de la lecture-écriture au cours préparatoire en opposant des pratiques classiques à des pratiques plus novatrices. Dans un second temps, l’influence de ces pratiques sur les élèves est mesurée en utilisant des modèles multivariés qui contrôlent à la fois les caractéristiques personnelles et scolaires des élèves et celles du contexte d’enseignement. Les analyses révèlent des effets différenciés et ciblés des pratiques innovantes sur les acquisitions et les attitudes des élèves face à l’apprentissage. Plus largement, les résultats exposés dans cet article mettent l’accent sur l’intérêt de conduire des évaluations qui donnent à l’élève une place centrale.