bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Machine Learning based Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) and Diagnosis of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)
Authors: Mehta Vaishali , Batra Neera , Poonam  , Goyal Sonali , Kaur Amandeep , Dudekula Khasim Vali , Victor Ganta Jacob
Published: March 2024

INTRODUCTION: This research paper presents an exploratory data analysis (EDA) approach to diagnose Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) using machine learning algorithms.
OBJECTIVES: This paper focuses on early and accurate detection of CKD using a comprehensive dataset of clinical and laboratory parameters to minimize the risk of patients’ health complications with timely intervention through appropriate medications.
METHODS: Machine Learning based prediction models including Naive Bayes, KNN, Logistic regression, decision tree, ensemble modelling, Random Forest and Ada Boost.
RESULTS: The results indicate that the Naive Bayes algorithm achieved highest accuracy and sensitivity in detecting CKD.
CONCLUSION: For reduced features and for binary class classification, Naive Bayes classifier gives best performance in terms of accuracy and computational cost. Other algorithms are good for multi-class classification but for binary class, they are little expensive than Naive Bayes.
Random walks conditioned to stay nonnegative and branching processes in an unfavourable environment
Authors: Vatutin Vladimir Alekseevich , Dong Congzao , Dyakonova Elena Evgen'evna
Published: March 2024

Let $\{S_n, n\geqslant 0\}$ be a random walk with increments that belong (without centering) to the domain of attraction of an $alpha$-stable law, that is, there exists a process $\{Y_t, t\geqslant 0\}$ such that $S_{nt}/a_{n}$ $\Rightarrow$ $Y_t$, $t\geqslant 0$, as $n\to\infty$ for some scaling constants $a_n$. Assuming that $S_{0}=o(a_n)$ and $S_n\leqslant \varphi (n)=o(a_n)$, we prove several conditional limit theorems for the distribution of the random variable $S_{n-m}$ given that $m=o(n)$ and $\min_{0\leqslant k\leqslant n}S_k\geqslant 0$. These theorems supplement the assertions established by Caravenna and Chaumont in 2013. Our results are used to study the population size of a critical branching process evolving in an unfavourable environment.
Bibliography: 28 titles.
Endoscopic-ultrasound-guided biliary drainage with placement of electrocautery-enhanced lumen-apposing metal stent for palliation of malignant biliary obstruction: Updated meta-analysis
Authors: Peng Zu-Xiang , Chen Fang-Fang , Tang Wen , Zeng Xu , Du Hong-Juan , Pi Ru-Xian , Liu Hong-Ming , Lu Xiao-Xiao
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage using electrocautery-enhanced (ECE) delivery of lumen-apposing metal stent (LAMS) is gradually being recognized as a viable palliative technique for malignant biliary obstruction after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) failure. However, most of the studies that have assessed its efficacy and safety were small and heterogeneous. Prior meta-analyses of six or fewer studies that were published 2 years ago were therefore underpowered to yield convincing evidence.

AIM

To update the efficacy and safety of ECE-LAMS for treatment of biliary obstruction after ERCP failure.

METHODS

We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus databases from the inception of the ECE technique to May 13, 2022. Primary outcome measure was pooled technical success rate, and secondary outcomes were pooled rates of clinical success, reintervention, and adverse events. Meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model following Freeman-Tukey double-arcsine transformation in R software (version 4.1.3).

RESULTS

Fourteen eligible studies involving 620 participants were ultimately included. The pooled rate of technical success was 96.7%, and clinical success was 91.0%. Adverse events were reported in 17.5% of patients. Overall reintervention rate was 7.3%. Subgroup analyses showed results were generally consistent.

CONCLUSION

ECE-LAMS has favorable success with acceptable adverse events in relieving biliary obstruction when ERCP is impossible. The consistency of results across most subgroups suggested that this is a generalizable approach.
Understanding host-graft crosstalk for predicting the outcome of stem cell transplantation
Authors: Labusca Luminita , Zugun-Eloae Florin
Published: March 2024

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) hold great promise for tissue regeneration in debilitating disorders. Despite reported improvements, the short-term outcomes of MSC transplantation, which is possibly linked to poor cell survival, demand extensive investigation. Disease-associated stress microenvironments further complicate outcomes. This debate underscores the need for a deeper understanding of the phenotypes of transplanted MSCs and their environment-induced fluctuations. Additionally, questions arise about how to predict, track, and comprehend cell fate post-transplantation. In vivo cellular imaging has emerged as a critical requirement for both short- and long-term safety and efficacy studies. However, translating preclinical imaging methods to clinical settings remains challenging. The fate and function of transplanted cells within the host environment present intricate challenges, including MSC engraftment, variability, and inconsistencies between preclinical and clinical data. The study explored the impact of high glucose concentrations on MSC survival in diabetic environments, emphasizing mitochondrial factors. Preserving these factors may enhance MSC survival, suggesting potential strategies involving genetic modification, biomaterials, and nanoparticles. Understanding stressors in diabetic patients is crucial for predicting the effects of MSC-based therapies. These multifaceted challenges call for a holistic approach involving the incorporation of large-scale data, computational disease modeling, and possibly artificial intelligence to enable deterministic insights.
Was the Constitution of 3 May 1791 a Source of Inspiration for 19th Century Polish Constitutional Drafts? The Problem of Using Polish Constitutional Heritage in the Congress Kingdom of Poland in 1815 and 1831
Authors: Gałędek Michał
Published: March 2024

The article focuses on the problem of using legal heritage based on the example of the Constitution of 3 May 1791. This issue is considered in relation to two selected moments in the history of the Congress Kingdom of Poland – 1814/1815 and 1831. What connects them and, at the same time, makes them unique periods in the political and constitutional history of Polish territories under the partitions is the relative freedom the Polish elites had in their right to decide on the constitutional foundations of their own statehood. In 1814/1815, Prince Adam Jerzy Czartoryski was granted the emperor’s consent to prepare a draft which, after corrections, became the basis of the Constitutional Act granted by Alexander I on November 27, 1815. Similarly, in 1831, after the dethronement of Tsar Nicholas I, the insurgent elites were free to embark on an unfettered constitutional debate on the systemic reform of the state. Both in 1814/1815 and in 1831, Polish political and intellectual elites faced a dilemma as to whether the Constitution of 3 May could serve mainly as a monument to and symbol of Polish history, or whether it still had the potential to be directly applied; and if so, then to what extent and under what conditions? The publication is devoted to exploring the answers to these questions.
Occurrence of Designated Odor Substances in Wastewater Treatment Plant and Industrial Estate
Authors: Cho Hyeon-Jun , Yoon Su-Chul
Published: March 2024

Objectives : Odor emissions pose a challenge due to the diversity of odor-producing substances, their various sources, and the complex interactions between different compounds. Moreover, people's perception of odor intensity can vary based on their living environment and psychological state, making it difficult to effectively manage and develop mitigation measures for odors, in contrast to other air pollutants. To address this issue, this study focuses on two prominent sources of residential odors, namely wastewater treatment plant and industrial estate.Methods : Through on-site data collection, the study aims to investigate the characteristics of odor emissions and analyze seasonal trends in odor generation. Ultimately, the study seeks to assess the substances contributing to odors in wastewater treatment plant and industrial estate through odor contribution analysis.Results and Discussion : The research findings reveal that wastewater treatment plants predominantly emit high concentrations of fatty acid substances such as Propionic acid, iso-Valeric acid, and n-Valeric acid. In contrast, industrial estates release a variety of odor-causing substances, including Toluene, Xylene, Butyraldehyde, Trimethylamine, and iso-Valeraldehyde.Conclusion Significant differences are observed both in terms of odor concentration and odor contribution. These disparities are attributed to the specific characteristics of wastewater treatment plants and industrial processes that induce odors. Nevertheless, in both types of facilities, Trimethylamine is identified as a major contributor to odors.
Removal of Cadmium from Public Smoking area Soil using indoor Plants and Electrical Grounding
Authors: Lee Gyu Won , Kim Bo Gyeom , Kim Ye Jin , Jo Jeong Wook , Kim Jae Hun , Yang Sung Woo , Kim Seung Jun , Kim Yi Ryung , Son Dong Hwa , Kim Hyung Joo
Published: March 2024

Objectives : In this study, the absorption of heavy metals in the soil from smoking areas using indoor plants and electrical grounding was investigated to increase the utility of indoor plants for soil decontamination.Methods : Soil from plant pots in a smoking area was collected for the experimental plant pot preparations. Some of the prepared pots were connected to electrical ground via an electrode. Kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) were seeded, and their growth were observed. After 30 days of the cultivation, TOC (Total Organic Carbon), and metagenomics profiles in the soil was analyzed. To estimate the behavior of the heavy metals in soil and plants, Cadmium concentrations in the samples were analyzed using ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry).Results and Discussion : The connection of the electrical ground to the plant pot induced the rapid growth of plant (48.2 ± 2.3% increase in stem growth), compare to the plant in the pot without the electrical ground. TOC analysis showed that the soil from the grounded pots showed the highest value, compared to the control soil (3.08 ± 1.22%), and the soil from the pot without ground connection (2.3 ± 0.1%). The ICP-MS analysis indicated that the plant body in the grounded pot had the highest cadmium concentration at 0.33 ± 0.018 μg/kg. Using the metagenomic analysis, biomineralization related bacterial species (Nocardioides sp., Streptomyces sp., Sphingomonas sp. etc.) were identified from the grounded soil sample. These results suggested that the indoor plant cultivation with the electrical ground connection as an electrical fertilizer enhances the cadmium absorption by plant, exudate secretion from the plant root, and bacterial flora change in the rhizosphere.Conclusion Cadmium in the soil from the smoking area was absorbed by indoor plant with the electrical ground. Therefore, the application of the electrical ground connection (earth) to the electrically insulated outdoor plant pots might enhance the plant growth rate and physiological activity. This application could be a novel soil decontamination method using plants.
Diskurs protiv rodno osjetljivog jezika / Discourse Against Gender Sensitive Language
Authors: Zlotrg Sandra
Published: March 2024

This paper provides an overview of critical discourse analysis (CDA) methodology, focusing on the linguistic basis of the descriptive phase of Norman Fairclough’s CDA. This methodological tool is used to analyse the discourse against gender-sensitive language which is broadly defined as a collection of texts and speeches that propagate ideas contrary to the principles of gender-sensitive language and gender equality, i.e., texts and speeches that act against those ideas. In relation to discursive practices, the paper analyses to whom such texts are addressed and how they are disseminated, and in relation to socio-cultural practices, i.e., the social conditions under which such texts are produced, it analyses who actually has power and an underlying ideology. Because it is critical to examine power relations in an analysis, those in positions of power are used as examples of discourse, such as the Board for the Standardisation of the Serbian Language as a standardisation institution. Taking their decision on the adoption of the Law on Gender Equality in Serbia in 2021 as an illustrative example of the discourse, this paper tests the hypothesis that the Board for the Standardisation of the Serbian Language shapes the discourse against gender-sensitive language.
Understanding the Electoral Preferences of Beginner Voters in the 2020 Bulukumba Local Elections
Authors: Harsyaf Nurul Fitriana , Khaerah Nur
Published: March 2024

Law no. 10 of  2008 concerning general elections states that first-time voters are those who are voting for the first time and are 17 years old or more or are/have been married and have the right to vote in general elections (and the Regional Head Election). New voters who have just entered voting age also do not have a broad political reach to determine where they should vote. So, sometimes what they choose is not what they expected. The aim of the research is to find out the preferences of novice voters in the 2020 Bulukumba regional elections. The type of research used is qualitative with a case study approach. The informants in this research were six (6) people consisting of the Bulukumba KPUD, political parties and first-time voters. The results of the research regarding the Political Preferences of Beginner Voters in the 2020 Pilkada in Bulukumba Regency are: first, sociological, the condition of beginner voters who are still unstable and have minimal understanding of politics tends to make their political attitudes and direction of support follow the family and community in the voter's environment. Second, psychologically, the emotional closeness and image of the candidate to first-time voters makes new voters participate as volunteers in supporting the candidate through campaign activities using a social media approach and competition activities. Third, Rational, the level of education of novice voters is a determining factor in voters' attitudes in determining political attitudes, where only a few novice voters make their choices through program analysis and candidate profiles obtained from various information.
Aplicación de la inteligencia artificial en el Derecho Penal: problemas y desafios
Authors: Ávila Zea María Paula , Zamora Vázquez Ana Fabiola
Published: March 2024

La integración de la tecnología en el ámbito del derecho penal plantea desafíos significativos debido a la falta de regulación de la inteligencia artificial (IA), lo que podría comprometer los derechos fundamentales. Este estudio se centra en abordar estos desafíos y proponer soluciones mediante un análisis exhaustivo de la situación actual y las posibles implicaciones de la IA en el sistema jurídico penal. El objetivo principal de esta investigación es analizar los problemas, desafíos y oportunidades que surgen con la implementación de la inteligencia artificial en el ámbito penal. Se busca identificar la necesidad de una regulación específica para la IA en el derecho penal, con el fin de proteger los derechos fundamentales de las personas y garantizar un sistema jurídico justo y equitativo. Para abordar esta problemática, se adoptó un enfoque metodológico cualitativo. Se llevó a cabo una revisión bibliográfica detallada para examinar los antecedentes, problemas y desafíos asociados con la IA en los sistemas jurídicos, especialmente en el ámbito penal. Además, se realizaron análisis de criterios y opiniones de expertos en derecho para obtener una comprensión más profunda de la situación y las posibles soluciones. Los resultados de este estudio revelan la necesidad urgente de establecer una normativa específica para regular la aplicación de la inteligencia artificial en el ámbito penal. Se destaca que la falta de regulación representa un riesgo significativo para los derechos fundamentales, especialmente en lo que respecta a la configuración de delitos con el apoyo de la IA. Además, se identifican diferentes dimensiones que deben abordarse en la regulación, incluyendo principios y reglas básicas del derecho, supervisión humana de los sistemas de IA y la promoción de la innovación responsable en este campo. Este artículo subraya la importancia de establecer una regulación efectiva para la inteligencia artificial en el ámbito penal. Esta regulación no solo protegerá los derechos fundamentales de las personas, sino que también promoverá un uso responsable y progresivo de la IA como una herramienta valiosa para los profesionales del derecho. Es crucial que la regulación sea integral y adaptable para garantizar un sistema jurídico justo y equitativo en la era digital.
OVERVIEW OF THE LIPID ABNORMALITIES IN THE HEART FAILURE
Authors: Rafaqat Saira , Rafaqat Sana , Klisić Aleksandra
Published: March 2024

A complicated clinical disease known as heart failure (HF) comes on by anatomical or functional anomalies in the heart that compromise blood flow. This review article presents a comprehensive examination of the role of lipid profiles in the HF. It specifically focuses on the serum levels of traditional lipid parameters, such as total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in the development and progression of the HF. To conduct this review, several databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct were utilized. Specific keywords used in the search include “heart failure”, “lipid profile”, “triglycerides”, “total cholesterol”, “high-density lipoprotein cholesterol”, and “low-density lipoprotein cholesterol”. The language for clinical investigations included in this review were limited to those set to English. The findings suggest that lower levels of TG may be associated with elevated pulmonary artery pressure, tricuspid regurgitation, and increased dimensions of the right side of the heart. These associations indicate impaired liver function due to right-sided HF in the chronic HF patients. Dysfunctional HDL-C is believed to contribute to the occurrence and advancement of HF. Additionally, serum TC levels have been identified as a potential prognostic factor in individuals with advanced HF. On the other hand, lower LDL-C levels seem to indicate worse prognosis for HF patients.  However, further research is required to determine the precise mechanisms by which these lipid profiles influence the development and progression of the HF.
OLIGOARTIKULARNI JUVENILNI IDIOPATSKI ARTRITIS: PRAVOVREMENA DIJAGNOZA I TERAPIJA U CILJU PREVENCIJE HRONIČNIH OŠTEĆENJA ZGLOBOVA
Authors: Lazarević Dragana , Zečević Maja
Published: March 2024

Oligoartikularni podtip juvenilnog idiopatskog artritisa (JIA) klinički definiše prisustvo artritisa u manje od pet zglobova tokom prvih šest meseci trajanja bolesti. Ako pojava artritisa ostane lokalizovana na manje od pet zglobova tokom celog perioda trajanja bolesti, onda govorimo o trajnom (perzistentnom) oligoartritisu. Ukoliko se u toku 6 meseci od pojave prvih zglobnih tegoba artritis proširi na 5 i više zglobova onda govorimo o esktendiranoj, proširenoj formi oligoartritisa, koji tokom vremena ima isti tok bolesti kao RF negativni poliartritis. Poslednjih decenija nova saznanja o etiopatogenezi JIA i napredak genetskog inženjeringa su omogućili razvoj i primenu novih terapijskih algoritama kod obolelih od JIA što je svakako promenilo tok, prognozu i ishod bolesti kod ovih pacijenata. Savremeni koncept lečenja ima za cilj da obezbedi dobar kvalitet života ovim pacijentima, da se aktivnost bolesti dovede pod kontrolu, da umanji subjektivne tegobe, omogući normalan rast i razvoj dece, očuva funkcionalnost zglobova i prevenira pojavu deformiteta, nastanak invalidnosti i radne nesposobnosti. Savremeni koncept lečenja JIA teži indivudualizaciji terapijskog pristupa svakom bolesniku. U poređenju sa ostalim podtipovima JIA, oligoartikularna forma ima najbolju prognozu, posebno ukoliko govorimo o perzistentnom podtipu oligoartritisa.
DETECTION OF MEDICAL NEGLECT AND PREVENTION
Authors: Stjepanović Mira
Published: March 2024

Neglect is defined as the chronic failure of parents (guardians) to provide the child with the basic conditions necessary for its growth and development: food, clothing, housing, medical care and protection, encouraging the child's development. Diagnosing neglect requires teamwork, knowledge of symptoms and signs, as well as family characteristics. Types of neglect: physical, emotional, educational, lack of medical care. In case of suspected neglect, the competent professional team should be notified. The goal is early prevention and early intervention in case of neglect.
QUANTIFYING NUMBER IN THE NOUN PHRASE: A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN ENGLISH AND MACEDONIAN
Authors: Naumoska Aneta , Naumoska-Sarakinska Biljana
Published: March 2024

This paper discusses some of the theoretical insights for English gained by means of a contrastive analysis with Macedonian on the issue of grammatical/semantic number in the NP, with a particular focus on the features of partitivity, collectivity and distributivity reflected through marked external (grammatical) means. Quantifying the NP provides information on the fragmentation of the whole, togetherness of the whole (with non-determinedness of entities), or the individuality of each element of the whole. The quantitative characteristics are visible in the NP structure, while the syntactic relationships formally realize the connection between the quantity in the NP and semanticity. Through excerpted examples from authentic source materials (in English and Macedonian) and translations, it will be concluded that both languages have more commonalities than differences in the morphology and semantics of these features, although precision of language means is necessary to avoid miscommunication. 

 

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EVALUATING THE COMMUNICATIVE VALUES OF PERSONAL PRONOUNS
Authors: Okundare Benson Kayode
Published: March 2024

Personal pronouns have various uses in English grammar and communication. However, experiences have shown that many learners of English as a second language, especially students in Nigerian schools have problems with the effective use of personal pronouns in spoken and written communication even though adequate knowledge of the personal pronouns and usage is crucial to individual student’s educational advancement and sustainable national development in this country. This article is therefore aimed at minimizing the problem encountered in the use of personal pronouns. To achieve this, the paper critically examined the concept of personal pronouns with copious illustrations. Finally, some recommendations were made that will serve as a guide to learners of English as a second language (students in particular) on the proper use of personal pronouns.
 

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Elevating Public Sector HR: A Comprehensive Exploration of E-HRM Adoption Drivers
Authors: Al-Hayani Rana F , Al-Wattar Auday H
Published: March 2024

This comprehensive study explores the intricacies of Electronic Human Resource Management (eHRM) adoption within public sector organizations. Focusing on adoption drivers, e-HRM typologies, and the evolving role of technology, the research uncovers diverse opportunities and challenges faced by government agencies in the digital era. The findings emphasize the potential of e-HRM to enhance both strategic HR functions and operational efficiency. The proposed conceptual model, incorporating organizational, political, legal, social, technological, economic, and environmental perspectives, provides a nuanced understanding of the complexities surrounding e-HRM adoption. By acknowledging the transformative influence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on HR practices, the study underscores the interconnected nature of HRM effectiveness and organizational outcomes. In conclusion, this research contributes valuable insights for HR practitioners and decision-makers navigating the dynamic landscape of eHRM adoption in the public sector. It emphasizes that while e-HRM holds great potential for improving organizational functions; its effective deployment requires a customized strategy and a deep understanding of the organizational context. The discussion on technologydriven HR transformations is enriched by insights into the impact of AI on HR practices and the relationship between HRM effectiveness and organizational outcomes. This study serves as a foundation for informed decisionmaking, practical implications for HR practitioners, and a significant contribution to the ongoing conversation on the future of HR management in the public domain.
The Effect of Temperature, Pressure and PH on Volume of Biogas Production from Anaerobic Digestion of Plant & Animal Wastes
Authors: Ezema E. E  , A. U. Ejimofor Ihekeremma , N. Eleje Emeka
Published: March 2024

Many factors affect the volume of biogas production in the anaerobic digestion of plant and animal wastes. In this treatise the three major factors of temperature, pressure and PH are investigated. Here the biodegradable wastes used were Cassava peelings and cow dungs, Beans waste and cow dungs, Cassava peelings and beans wastes. For the purpose of this investigation, a 100 liters capacity steel biogas digester was constructed to investigate these factors. A batch operation method was used whereby a daily biogas generation was monitored for 24 consecutive days. It is pertinent to state here that other factors that could affect the volume of biogas production like alkalinity, acidity etc were ignored. Cassava peelings and cow dungs produced the highest biogas of 0.032m2 /kg/day at a pH value of 7.34, followed by beans waste and cow dungs mixture and lastly Cassava peelings and beans waste having the least volume. The respective effects of temperature, pressure and PH were monitored and plotted alongside these biogas productions to showcase their effects. From the plots, their respective effects on the respective volumes of biogas generated can easily be seen. It is important to note in the passing that biogas is a form of renewable energy.
Performance-based Seismic Design of reinforced concrete Structure - A Review
Authors: Patel Vasudev T  , Dr. Ajay Radke
Published: March 2024

In recent times, in multistory buildings, the seismic demands were met using the code-based method of seismic analysis and design of the structure ,although the design of building can be more optimized by a more modern and realistic design approach in the form performance based design .As per the code, the building performance under seismic response are categorized into different levels of performance checks for the actual ground motions or some sets of ground motions ,limiting the global damage and thereby creating a scope for optimization at material level and at cross section level of the reinforced concrete structure .The building can be designed or checked based on this code prescribed performance levels, reducing the potential risk of the future earthquake as well as the damage or the loss caused due the earthquake. This review paper highlights numerous studies done by researchers comparing the responses from the code-based design and performance-based design, paving the way for use of performance-based design in the structure.
Deep Learning-Based Small Face Detection from Hard Image
Authors: Sapna Shinde  , Priti Chakurkar  , Rashmi Rane
Published: March 2024

Facial detection usually comes first in face recognition and face analysis systems. Previously, techniques such as directed gradient histograms and cascades relied on manually-engineered features from particular photos. Nevertheless, the precision with which these techniques could identify faces in uncontrolled environments was restricted. Numerous deep learning-based face recognition frameworks have recently been developed, many of which have significantly increased accuracy, as a result of the rapid progress of deep learning in computer vision. Despite these advancements, detecting small, scaled, positioned, occluded, blurred, and faces that are partially occluded in uncontrolled conditions remains a challenge in face identification. This problem has been studied for many years but has not been completely resolved.
Agriculture Soil Nutrition Auto Sprayer
Authors: Manikandan.S  , Dr.R.T. Ajaykarthik  , Adhithya.M  , Barath.S  , Ramachandran.S
Published: March 2024

Modern agriculture demands precise management of soil nutrition to optimize crop yield and minimize resource wastage. This presents a smart agriculture solution that utilizes an NPK sensor to monitor and regulate the levels of essential nutrients - Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), and Potassium (K) in soil. The system is designed to automatically adjust nutrient levels when they fall below optimal values. Integrating NPK sensors in agriculture soil nutrition management represents a significant advancement in precision farming. These sensors are designed to detect the levels of the essential nutrients in the soil accurately. When the nutrient levels fall below optimal thresholds, a signal is sent to open the corresponding solenoid valve, allowing for the precise application of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium fertilizers. Solar panels are considered a clean energy source because they do not produce harmful emissions of greenhouse gases during electricity generation. They rely solely on sunlight, which is an abundant and renewable resource An LCD provides real-time information to farmers, offering insights into nutrient levels and helping them make informed decisions about fertilization.
Microstrip Patch Antenna Design for Enhanced Bandwidth and Harmonic Suppression
Authors: Pravin Bhole  , Dr Pramod Deore
Published: March 2024

Antennas are essential components in wireless communication systems, often requiring a delicate balance between achieving wide bandwidth and suppressing harmonics effectively. This study focuses on the integration of defected ground structures (DGS) to enhance antenna performance. Through rigorous experimentation and analysis, the research aimed to optimize microstrip patch antenna designs for improved bandwidth while maintaining efficient harmonic suppression. The investigation involved parametric studies to determine the optimal dimensions and configurations of DGS for wideband-stop characteristics. Simulation tools were utilized to analyse the impact of DGS on the antenna's behaviour, leading to the development of an accurate equivalent circuit model. Current distribution analysis provided insights into the radiation pattern and impedance matching of the antennas with and without DGS. Experimental results demonstrated significant improvements in antenna performance. The measured reﬂection coeﬃcient values indicated successful harmonic suppression, with reductions around 22 dB at the third harmonic frequency. The input impedance values were optimized to utilize a modified ground plane featuring diagonal edges and a rectangular slot cut to design compact antennas, contributing to enhanced bandwidth and improved overall performance. Radiation pattern measurements validated the effectiveness of the optimized designs. This study demonstrates successful integration of DGS into slot antennas, achieving wider bandwidth with robust harmonic suppression. Experimental results validate design strategies, offering insights for high-performance slot antennas in modern communication systems.
Enhancing the Skills of Hi Tech Lab Utilization in Teaching Geometrical Concepts
Authors: Dr. Vijayakumar S
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Teaching learning is a wonderful experience in every learning places.Particularly in schools it happened every moment.School labs are a great place for students which help them enhance their learning by understanding the theoretical concepts of mathematics which are taught in classrooms. Well-designed Hi-techlaboratories not only make science experiments fun but also help students in achieving good academic results. The world has been taken over by modern technology all around. Even the education sector has adopted the benefits of scientific advancements to offer quality education programmes to the students and teachers. The aim of this present study reveals that the skills of Hi-tech labutilization in teaching geometrical concepts.
Impact of Job Stress on Psychological Well-Being of Teachers
Authors: Manjeet Kaur  , Rekha Khosla  , Masood Siddiqui
Published: March 2024

The stress generated from a job as a result of various job stressors is job stress. Job stressors are the factors or conditions in the workplace that can lead to employee stress. These stressors can have negative physical, psychological, and emotional effects on individuals and can also impact their job performance and overall well-being. Psychological well-being is a mental state characterized by self-acceptance, purpose in life, environmental mastery, autonomy, personal growth, and positive relations. This research aims to find out the job stressors and to study the factors affecting teacher’s psychological well-being. It studies the relationship between Job Stressors on the Psychological well-being of teachers using "Statistical Package for the Social Sciences."(SPSS). This paper also studies the impact of Job stress on the psychological well-being of teachers. Descriptive research design was adopted and convenient sampling method was utilized to carry out data collection from various higher educational institutions. A self-administered structured questionnaire was prepared to identify the Job stressors and the RYFF scale was used to study the factors affecting teacher’s psychological well-being. Exploratory factor analysis stated the factors of Job stress among teachers. The findings stated that job stress has a significant impact on the Psychological well-being of teachers.
Fabrication Methods of Aluminium Metal Matrix Composite: A State of Review
Authors: Dr. S. Arunkumar  , R. Guhan  , A. Srivathsan  , A. Rithik
Published: March 2024

Aluminium's use in aerospace, marine and automobiles has grown significantly due to its lightweight nature, enhancing fuel efficiency and overall performance. Its corrosion resistance also contributes to longevity, reducing maintenance costs. However, its low hardness, low tensile strength and poor tribological behaviour limit its usage. These demerits can be overcomed by adding specific reinforcement to enrich its properties. As there are two types of fabrication methods for fabrication of MMCs such as Solid state processing and liquid state processing, the above fabrication techniques result in varying mechanical property, tribological property and production cost. So far from the available literature we’ve found that the liquid state processing is more popular than solid-state processing due to the better dispersion of the reinforcement particles in the matrix materials. The Addition of nanoparticles has been found to be essential to provide requisite strength and hardness to these composites. Overall, study concludes that the hybrid aluminium matrix composites will ensure to serve as an alternative for the unreinforced Al-alloys and ceramic reinforced composites in various automotive applications requiring high strength-to-weight ratio, low cost and superior wear resistance.
PENSION IN ISLAM
Authors: Yasin Mahmud ALMSHHADANI Dr. Muhamad
Published: March 2024

Pensions are the lifeblood of society and the basis for building a family. It is manifold with many branches because it has a close relationship with people's lives and their requirements, costs of living, and the prices of things as real estate, such as houses or land and buildings, and the prices of living materials of all kinds and the prices of jewels, clothes and animals, as well as compensation for damage Material, and the topic of blood money, inheritance and loss, or what was in the rule of real estate such as ships, or money, whether it was slaves, or others, it is a very complex topic and the process of limiting it in a very difficult research, and therefore I have limited the research to the pensions of the caliphs, princes, ministers, judges, pimps, writers and workers, since I took over The Caliphate Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may God be pleased with him), until the end of the Abbasid state, traced the difference in the pension scale and the reasons that led to this difference, and the belief of the caliphs that they did not have to account or torment in taking money, and bad scholars nourished this belief and increased it in their ability to The hearts of these tyrants, but things changed when righteous caliphs took over, and the situation did not continue on that, so the caliphs of the Abbasid state were at their disposal houses of money, and in their hands, they distribute from it as they wish and forbid what they want. It is forbidden for those who want, as they added to themselves and the people of their house, but when the non-Arabs conquered the state, they reduced the powers of the Caliph, as a sum of money was set for him only, and the livelihood of judges, pimps and clerks was changing according to the change of the rulers in that period of the state. Islamic
Manejo a largo plazo posterior a la Estimulación Cerebral Profunda en una serie de 36 pacientes afectados con síndrome de Gilles de la Tourette Refractario
Authors: Servello Domenico , Sassi Marco , Brambilla Arianna , Defendi Stefano , Porta Mauro
Published: March 2024

Objetivos: Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar los resultados a largo plazo de la estimulación cerebral profunda (ECP) en pacientes afectados con Síndrome de Gilles de la Tourette, con refractariedad documentada a los tratamientos conservadores.Materiales y métodos: Desde noviembre del 2004 se intervinieron quirúrgicamente mediante ECP a 36 pacientes diagnosticados con Síndrome de Tourette refractario a tratamientos convencionales e innovadores (Síndrome de Tourette refractario) en nuestra clínica dedicada al tratamiento de dicho síndrome. Se llevó a cabo un total de 79 procedimientos: 67 con blanco en el talámico intralaminar/Ventralis Oralis (Vo/CM-Pf), 2 en el Gpi posterior y 10 en el núcleo accumbens. El blanco de la ECP fue seleccionado de acuerdo a las bases de las manifestaciones clínicas expresadas por el paciente. 6 de los 10 procedimientos centrados en el núcleo accumbens se llevaron a cabo sobre la base de una comorbilidad conductual persistente a pesar de una buena respuesta en la frecuencia y severidad de los tics, luego de un primer procedimiento de ECP (dos intervenciones en el Vo/CM-Pf y una, en el Gpi, bilateralmente).Resultados: Todos los pacientes fueron estimulados bilateralmente excepto uno, estimulado en el Vo/CM-Pf derecho debido a variaciones vasculares fisiológicas presentes en el hemisferio izquierdo. Dos pacientes se negaron a tratamientos adicionales posteriores a la ECP (uno de ellos requirió y obtuvo la remoción completa del implante para ECP sin complicaciones postquirúrgicas documentadas) y fueron excluidos de la evaluación de seguimiento. Se alcanzaron mejorías estadística- mente significativas para todos los otros pacientes de acuerdo a las escalas de evaluación utilizadas (Escala Global de Severidad de Tics de Yale, Cuestionario de Depresión de Beck, Inventario de Ansiedad Rango-Estado, Escala de Obsesiones y Compulsiones de Yale-Brown y una escala visual analógica de 10 puntos para la autoevaluación del impacto del ST en la integración social del paciente).Conclusiones: El Síndrome de Gilles de la Tourette es un trastorno neuropsiquiátrico complejo con una prevalencia significativa en la población general. Más del 50% de los pacientes con ST presentan una comorbilidad conductual y la ansiedad junto con la depresión están asociadas, en diferentes grados, a este cuadro clínico de “crecimiento y decrecimiento”. La ECP resultó ser, en nuestra experiencia, una modalidad de tratamiento válida para aquellos pacientes que no responden a modalidades de tratamiento conservador. Sin embargo, es necesario un equipo multidisciplinario para manejar adecuadamente esta compleja opción terapéutica.
Education On Handling Choking On Babies And Children In Dusun 1 Kismoyoso Village
Authors: Chintya Hayu
Published: March 2024

Choking is a very dangerous emergency, because in a few minutes there will be a general or complete lack of oxygen so that in just minutes the client will lose reflexes, heart rate and death permanently from the brain stem. The method carried out is socialization regarding the handling of choking on infants and children in Hamlet 1, Kismoyoso Village, Ngemplak District, Boyolali Regency, Central Java which was carried out on Saturday, August 5, 2023. This socialization is in the form of material presentation and gives examples of what techniques can be used if the baby/child chokes. The purpose of socializing the handling of choking babies is to prevent the occurrence of significant negative impacts on infants and children caused by choking. With this socialization, it is hoped that parents can provide first aid with several techniques.

Keywords: signs, factors, prevention and treatment of choking in infants
Training on Making Hand Washing Liquid Soap from Green Tea at PKK Mothers in Kranggan Village, Polanharjo, Klaten as an Effort to Improve Community Health and Economy
Authors: Aptika Oktaviana Trisna Dewi
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Green tea is a plant that contains phytochemicals, namely polyphenols, alkaloids, volatile oils, polysaccharides, amino acids, lipids, and vitamin C. Flavonoids have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, and antibacterial activity. These advantages can be increased in terms of benefits and economic value by making it in the form of liquid soap. The addition of green tea is expected to increase the antioxidant effect of the soap preparations made. The study aims to provide training on making liquid hand-washing soap from steeping green tea leaves. The training activity for making liquid hand-washing soap with the addition of green tea was carried out as an effort to increase health independence and provide entrepreneurial provisions for the PKK community in Kranggan Village, Polanharjo, Klaten. The training was attended by 20 participants with presentation methods and practice in making liquid hand-washing soap. The result of this service activity is that the community knows how to make hand-washing soap from green tea and knows the function of the ingredients used in the process of making hand-washing soap.
 
Keywords: training, devotion, liquid soap, green tea
D-8 ÜLKELERİNDE ORTALAMA TÜKETİM EĞİLİMİNİN AMPİRİK ANALİZİ
Authors: UĞUR Burak , DALLI Tuğçe , AKSU Tuba
Published: March 2024

Tüketim teorileri ortalama tüketim eğiliminin uzun vadede sabit olup olmadığına göre iki gruba ayrılmaktadır. İlk grupta yer alan tüketim teorileri (Nispi, Sürekli ve Ömür Boyu Gelir Hipotezi) tüketimin gelire oranının uzun dönemde, sabit olduğunu dolayısıyla iktisat politikalarının tüketimi uyarmak suretiyle çıktıyı artırmasının mümkün olmadığını ifade etmektedir. Diğer grupta yer alan tüketim teorileri (Mutlak Gelir, Yetersiz Tüketim, Tüketim Sürükleme ve Gayri İhtiyari Zorunlu Tasarruf Teorisi) ortalama tüketim eğiliminin uzun dönemde sabit olmadığını dolayısıyla aktif iktisat politikalarıyla çıktının artırılabileceğini savunmaktadır.

Bu çalışmanın temel amacı D-8 ülkelerinde 1982-2020 döneminin yıllık verileriyle ortalama tüketim eğiliminin durağan olup olmadığını test etmektir. Bu amaçla serilerin yatay kesit bağımlılığı içermesi nedeniyle Panel Panic ve Fourier LM birim kök testlerinden yararlanılmıştır. Ulaşılan bulgular, D-8 ülkelerinde incelenen dönemde tüketimin gelire oranının durağan olmadığını ortaya koymaktadır. Bu sonuca göre ortalama tüketim eğilimi D-8 ülke gruplarında uzun vadede, ortalamaya geri dönmemekte ve ekonomide yaşanan herhangi bir şok hem tüketim hem de tasarruf üzerinde kalıcı etkiler yaratabilmektedir.
TOHUM VE TOPRAK: TÜRK KÖY TOPLUMUNDA CİNSİYET VE KOZMOLOJİ
Authors: Karakaş Aydın Duygu
Published: March 2024

Varoluş, neredeyse bütün kültürlerin kendince yorumladığı mitsel yönü olan evrensel bir konudur. Yaratılış hikâyeleri ise temelde varoluşun nasıllığını ele alır ve her toplumun kendi özgül inancının yansımalarını taşır. Yaratılışa dair simgeler kültürler hakkında birçok bilgi vermektedir. Bu nedenle araştırmacılar konunun her yönünü araştırdıktan sonra farklılıkların ve benzerliklerin ortaya çıkarılmasını sağlamışlardır. Çalışmamızın konusu olan, sosyal bilimler alanının en iyi doktora tezine layık görülen Galler ödülünün sahibi Carol Delaney, Amerikalı bir akademisyendir. Aynı zamanda tanınmış bir antropolog ve yazar olan Delaney, Tohum ve Toprak adlı eserinde kadının ve erkeğin kendi bedenleri üzerindeki söz haklarını, gündelik hayatın arka planındaki kültürel kodları, yaratılış hikâyelerindeki rollerini ve varoluşlarının onlara tanıdığı imtiyazları ve yoksunlukları incelemiştir. Ona göre kadın erkek diyalektiği yeniden üretim ve hayat verme arasında dengesiz bir güç dağılımı barındırmaktadır. Biyolojik olarak yeniden üretimin doğal boyutlarının yanı sıra ruhsal boyutlarının olduğunu öne süren yazar, bu ikiliğin temelinde yatan sebeplerin yaratılışa ilişkin halk inançlarından geldiğini ifade etmektedir. Zira herhangi bir kültürde cinsiyet ve iktidar rollerini belirleyen de bu inançlardır. Yazar bu çalışmasının amacını cinsiyet, beden ve iktidar tartışmalarının geçmişten bugüne süregelen geleneksel çizginin dışında ele alınması olarak ifade etmektedir. Var olan kabullerin reddedildiği bir başkaldırı niteliği taşıyan bu eser için Delaney iki yıl boyunca Anadolu’nun bir köyünde kalmıştır. Bizzat hayatın içinden gözlemler yaparak deneyimlerini ve bilgilerini aktarırken, etnografik odak noktası olan özelde Türkiye, daha geniş bağlamda ise çağdaş Batı toplumlarındaki tartışmaları da dikkate alarak konular arasında bağlantı kurmuştur. Bu değerlendirme yazısında yazarın çalışmasının seyri boyunca elde ettiği bulgular, kullandığı yöntem ve ulaştığı sonuçlar irdelenecektir.
Virtual Nitrogen Oxide Sensor for Improved Emission Control in Natural Gas/Hydrogen Cogeneration Power Plants
Authors: Fichtner Johannes , Gegner Adrian , Ninow Jan , Kapischke Joerg
Published: March 2024

This study demonstrates the need for novel gas engine control systems for combined heat and power plants, also known as cogeneration power plants, connected to natural gas grids. Hydrogen addition to natural gas grids in a range of up to 5% by volume is already permitted throughout Europe. This offers the possibility to reduce carbon dioxide emissions of end consumers connected to public natural gas grids and contributes to climate protection. However, conventional engine controls are not designed for natural gas/hydrogen mixture operation. We tested fuels with up to 30% hydrogen by volume using a commercial six-cylinder spark ignition engine, designed for natural gas or biogas operation in power plants. With engine settings according to usual cogeneration operation, nitrogen oxide emissions increased exponentially with increasing hydrogen amounts. We demonstrate that the usual approach of using the lower heating value of the fuel mixture to regulate the engine is unable to accommodate the hydrogen induced changes. For this reason, we developed a mathematical model to determine the nitrogen oxide emissions based on boost pressure and power output. The idea behind this novel approach is to regulate the engine based on emissions, regardless of the fuel gas. In this work the approach for this virtual sensor is described and its performance demonstrated.