bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH COOKING CLASS TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MOTORIK HALUS DAN MENGENAL UKURAN BENDA
Authors: Garmarini Inar , Mustaji  , Jannah Miftakhul
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan Untuk mengetahui pengaruh kegiatan cooking class terhadap kemampuan motorik halus  dan mengenal ukuran benda anak kelompok B di TK Parloengan, Sidoarjo. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan eksperimen dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Variabel dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari satu variabel bebas dan dua variabel terikat. Variabel bebas dalam penelitian ini adalah kegiatan cooking class (X). Sedangkan variabel terikat dalam penelitian adalah Kemampuan motorik halus anak (Y1) dan Kemampuan mengenal ukuran benda (Y2).  Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 31 anak kelompok eksperimen (16 anak TK Parloengan B-1 dan 15 anak TK Parloengan B-2) dan 29 anak kelompok kontrol (14 anak TK Parloengan B-1 dan 15 anak TK Parloengan B-2). Teknik analisis data dala penelitian menggunakan statistik parametrik uji independent t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Ada pengaruh cooking class terhadap kemampuan mengenal ukuran benda pada anak usia 5 – 6 tahun, secara statistik nilai t = -2.618 dengan tingkat signifikan p = 0.011 lebih kecil dari 5%; (2) Ada pengaruh cooking class terhadap kemampuan mengenal ukuran benda pada anak usia 5 – 6 tahun, secara statistik nilai t = -2.081 tingkat signifikan p = 0.042 lebih kecil dari 5%.
Barrel Instability in Binary Asteroids
Authors: Ćuk Matija , Jacobson Seth A. , Walsh Kevin J.
Published: November 2021

Most close-in planetary satellites are in synchronous rotation, which is usually the stable end-point of tidal despinning. Saturn’s moon Hyperion is a notable exception by having a chaotic rotation. Hyperion’s dynamical state is a consequence of its high eccentricity and its highly prolate shape. As many binary asteroids also have elongated secondaries, chaotic rotation is expected for moons in eccentric binaries, and a minority of asteroidal secondaries may be in that state. The question of secondary rotation is also important for the action of the binary Yarkovsky–O’Keefe–Radzievskii–Paddack (BYORP) effect, which can quickly evolve orbits of synchronous (but not nonsynchronous) secondaries. Here we report results of a large set of short numerical simulations which indicate that, apart from synchronous and classic chaotic rotation, close-in irregularly shaped asteroidal secondaries can occupy an additional, intermediate rotational state. In this “barrel instability” the secondary slowly rolls along its long axis, while the longest axis is staying largely aligned with the primary–secondary line. This behavior may be more difficult to detect through lightcurves than a fully chaotic rotation, but would likewise shut down BYORP. We show that the binary’s eccentricity, separation measured in secondary’s radii and the secondary’s shape are all important for determining whether the system settles in synchronous rotation, chaotic tumbling, or barrel instability. We compare our results for synthetic asteroids with known binary pairs to determine which of these behaviors may be present in the near-Earth asteroid binary population.
Global and regional IUCN red list assessments: 12
Authors: Fenu Giuseppe , Abeli Thomas , Bacchetta Gianluigi , Cogoni Donatella , D’Agostino Martina , Pinna Maria Silvia , Orsenigo Simone
Published: November 2021

In this contribution, the conservation status assessment of two vascular plants according to IUCN categories and criteria are presented. It includes the assessment of Genista nuragica Bacch., Brullo & Giusso and Jacobaea incana (L.) Veldkamp at global level.
Paleontological inventory of Paleozoic, Late Mesozoic, and Cenozoic plant, invertebrate, and vertebrate fossil species from Big Bend National Park, Texas, USA - over a century of paleontological discovery
Authors: Wick Steven L.
Published: November 2021

The extraordinary paleontological record from Big Bend National Park (BIBE), Texas chronicles nearly 120 million years of largely uninterrupted deposition through Late Cretaceous, Paleogene and Neogene time. Therefore, the park records one of the most complete and continuous fossil records of its kind in North America, if not the world. Paleontologists have collected and studied fossils from BIBE for over a century and nearly 1400 fossil species have been reported thus far. The BIBE paleontological record includes type specimens representing 44 scientifically valid species (five plants, nine invertebrates, and 30 vertebrates). Numerous other reported specimens are very likely new to science but have yet to be formally named. The present catalog presents the currently known assemblage of fossil plant, invertebrate, and vertebrate species from BIBE within a single, comprehensive record with significant references for each. This work is designed and written to be a research and resource management tool for scientists and non-scientists alike.
New genetic data reveals a new species of Zospeum in Bosnia (Gastropoda, Ellobioidea, Carychiinae)
Authors: Inäbnit Thomas , Jochum Adrienne , Slapnik Raijko , Neubert Eike
Published: November 2021

Recent integrative investigations of the terrestrial ellobiid genus, Zospeum, have revealed significant findings concerning its Alpine-Dinaric evolution and taxonomy. Due to the expected discrepancy between the useful, but limited, 1970s’ classification system based on shell data and the results of recent genetic analyses in the latest investigation, a revision of the entire radiation was undertaken, and a new classification system was devised by the present authors in an earlier paper. Concurrent to this work, molecular sequences from two Austrian caves were published independently of our revision by another research group. By incorporating these genetic data within our phylogenetic framework here, we show that the Austrian individuals are genetically most similar to Zospeum amoenum and consequently, classify them within that species. We additionally reveal two new genetic lineages from the largely under-sampled southern extension of Zospeum’s known distributional range. The first lineage, deriving from the region of Dubrovnik, Croatia, is a potential candidate for genetically clarifying Zospeum troglobalcanicum. The second lineage derives from the municipality of Tomislavgrad, Bosnia-Herzegovina and is herein, described a new species: Zospeum simplex Inäbnit, Jochum & Neubert, sp. nov.
Digital touchscreens as a media for creativity during adolescence
Authors: Bitu Fabien , Galinon-Mélénec Béatrice , Molina Michèle
Published: November 2021

Basée sur les théories de la représentation incarnée (Pezzulo, 2011) considérant le processus créatif comme un contrôle moteur prédictif (Dietrich & Haider, 2015), cette recherche a évalué le potentiel de la tablette tactile comme un outil facilitant l’originalité des dessins. Vingt et un adolescents âgés de 13/14 ans ont été invités à produire la maison la plus originale possible sur tablette au doigt et au stylet ainsi que sur papier, et une maison non-originale avec un crayon sur papier. L’originalité des dessins a été notée avec une échelle de cotation comparant les dessins originaux à une maison prototypique, puis en comparant les dessins originaux aux dessins non originaux. Les résultats montrent que les scores d’originalité sont supérieurs pour les dessins réalisés sur tablette (sans différence entre doigt et stylet) plutôt que sur papier. Ces résultats mettent en évidence le rôle joué par le processus de simulation off-line de l’action dans le processus créatif.
Bio, pluriactif et inséré dans la vie de la commune !
Authors: Micoud André
Published: November 2021

L’agriculteur et l’agricultrice d’aujourd’hui ressemblent de moins en moins à ceux d’hier, et sans doute peu à ceux de 2030. Portrait de ces hommes et de ces femmes aux origines sociales, à la formation et aux aspirations bien différentes, redevenus des acteurs majeurs de la société, avec des objectifs (produire une alimentation saine, protéger la biodiversité, réanimer la vie rurale) bien éloignés du dogme de ces dernières décennies.
Des paysans, des paysannes pour nous relier au vivant
Authors: Pignier Nicole
Published: November 2021

Parce que leur pratique nous relie à la terre (le sol) et à la Terre (la planète), les paysans et paysannes d’aujourd’hui laissent s’exprimer les forces duales et complémentaires qui constituent chaque être humain. Celles de la vie et de la mort, de la nature et de la culture, du féminin et du masculin, du haut et du bas, du local et du global, du continu et du discontinu, fondateurs du rythme. Voyage en paysages nourriciers avec celles et ceux qui les façonnent, Guy, Carole, Sylvain et Jean-Éric.
Comment les agriculteurs sont redevenus des paysans !
Authors: Chaygneaud-Dupuy Hervé
Published: November 2021

Liam, aujourd’hui paysan-nourrisseur et animateur de la radio Les Imagineur.e.s, a été l’un des pionniers de l’Inode, la grande réinstallation des années 2020-2030 dans les bourgs et les campagnes. Il a même été surnommé « l’abbé Pierre du monde rural » lors de la crise de 2024. Il a accepté de revenir avec nous sur ces années 2020, les années du Grand Tournement.
Un bilan tout en ambivalence
Authors: Teillet Philippe
Published: November 2021

Après un premier volet consacré à la façon dont Grenoble a construit son image de « ville verte », Philippe Teillet analyse ici les réalisations d’Éric Piolle et de sa majorité depuis 2014 en matière de politique écologique. Entre forces (zones à faibles émissions mobilité, rénovation thermique de l’habitat, politique de production d’énergies renouvelables…) et faiblesses (renoncement de l’opposition à l’élargissement de l’A480, règlement local de publicité intercommunal contesté…), l’exécutif grenoblois ne se retrouve-t-il pas finalement contraint par deux entraves structurelles : un jeu du chat et de la souris entre la Ville et la Métropole ; un ADN de technopole en héritage peu compatible avec l’ambition d’une transition plus affirmée ?
Bâtir la résilience sur une vision partagée du territoire
Authors: Verdin Maxime
Published: November 2021

Voilà un an que la région naturelle du Boischaut Sud, située en plein cœur de la « diagonale du vide », jouit d’une importante dynamique de changement. Portée par une poignée d’acteurs résolus à bâtir la résilience locale avec l’ensemble des forces vives, la démarche Boischaut Sud en Transition (BSeT) est parvenue à construire une photographie sensible du territoire et une vision partagée de son développement à l’horizon 2030 à travers les questions de l’énergie, des transports et de la relocalisation de l’économie. C’est l’objet du deuxième volet de notre série sur le Boischaut Sud 1 .
« Les activités humaines, par leur incidence sur la biodiversité et le climat, provoquent les épidémies »
Authors: Robin Marie-Monique , Morand Serge , Fourreau Éric
Published: November 2021

Journaliste d’investigation et infatigable lanceuse d’alerte pour défendre les causes écologiques et sociales, on ne compte plus les livres et films documentaires de Marie-Monique Robin. En pleine épidémie de Covid-19, la lauréate du prix Albert Londres 1995 se devait bien sûr de mener l’enquête sur les causes des épidémies, retracée dans un livre et un film, La Fabrique des pandémies 1 . Au cours d’un tour du monde à la rencontre de nombreux scientifiques, elle a notamment poussé la réflexion avec l’épidémiologiste Serge Morand, chercheur au CNRS et au Cirad 2 , qui a étroitement collaboré à l’ouvrage. DARD/DARD les fait ici dialoguer sur les questions de santé en général et les causes des épidémies en particulier, au premier rang desquelles les activités humaines, qui précipitent l’effondrement de la biodiversité.
Vers une « américanisation » du catholicisme français ?
Authors: Dumons Bruno
Published: November 2021

Face aux campagnes désertées et aux banlieues sans identité, la vitalité du catholicisme français ne repose plus que sur les grandes villes. Il y est caractérisé par la recherche d’un modèle communautaire et charismatique, marqué par le conservatisme politique et importé des États-Unis.
Gouvernementalités
Authors: Nicolaï Jean-Paul
Published: November 2021

Comme le montre la crise sanitaire, la gouvernementalité, que Michel Foucault analyse comme une forme pastorale de gouvernement de la population, peut glisser vers l’autoritarisme si le gouvernement n’écoute plus les citoyens mais seulement les experts. Pour la réconcilier avec la démocratie, il faudrait que chaque citoyen puisse voir avec les yeux des autres.
La clinique comme laboratoire : quelle épistémologie pour la médecine ?
Authors: Weber Jean-Christophe
Published: November 2021

« La médecine reste en quête d’une épistémologie propre, car l’opposition entre science des maladies et art de soigner ne parvient pas à rendre compte de l’unité d’une pratique. Cette épistémologie peut être dégagée en ressaisissant ce qui se produit dans la clinique, véritable laboratoire de la médecine : lieu de son effectuation et lieu de son élaboration, où l’expérience vécue et l’expérience acquise fournissent les coordonnées d’une expérimentation. La clinique a un point de départ : la demande d’un malade en proie à une intrication symptomatique maladive qui convoque le corps mais aussi le langage, et dont le médecin fait cas. La complexion symptomatique fait l’objet d’une analyse critique (diagnostic) qui débouche sur la détermination d’une thérapie. La clinique est alors une technique productive de remédiations diverses qui mobilise un ensemble hétéroclite de savoirs et de facultés pour trouver des solutions aux problèmes concrets des individus qui s’adressent à elle. Quand bien même la clinique importe pour son usage des biotechnologies et des algorithmes, elle reste incertaine et conjecturale car individuée. Si bien qu’en son cœur, la pratique médicale garde des allures infra-techniques, mobilisant des esthésies, une praxis , une sagacité pratique. Cette hétérogénéité épistémologique est la seule qui soit adéquate à son objet. »
Descendre en singularité pour agir. Le cas limite de la psychanalyse dans le champ clinique
Authors: Visentini Guenaël
Published: November 2021

« L’histoire de la “pensée clinique” – prise en son sens le plus large – peut être dite vectorisée par une dé-singularisation toujours plus nette des situations de soin. Que ce soit en médecine somatique, en psychiatrie ou en psychologie, le colloque soignant/soigné s’est progressivement standardisé, par l’opérationnalisation d’un ensemble de procédures thérapeutiques jugées efficaces. La psychanalyse, dernière-née des sous-disciplines cliniques, occupe à ce titre une position “à la limite”. Soucieuse comme les autres de connaître pour mieux soigne r, elle monte en généralité ( cf. ses étiologies, ses diagnostics et le modèle métapsychologique). Mais elle adopte simultanément – suivant cette même exigence d’efficacité – une démarche inverse qu’on peut à bon droit nommer “descente en singularité”. De fait, Freud met en évidence que certaines représentations uniques verbalisées au cas par cas de ses patients (non reproductibles par d’autres, et non utilisables pour d’autres) constituent le principal levier thérapeutique pour une série de troubles et souffrances psychiques. Son legs scientifique consiste ainsi en une reproblématisation de la question des niveaux logiques opérants dans le champ clinique : est-ce avant tout au niveau du générique (comme en médecine) qu’il faut situer l’effort de vérité pour bien soigner, à l’échelle du typique (comme en psychologie), ou, au contraire, dans l’ordre de l’ unique (proposition originale de la psychanalyse) ? Une relecture du fameux cas freudien de Lucy R., tiré des Études sur l’hystérie (1895) – permet de préciser ces enjeux épistémo-cliniques, toujours d’actualité. Est alors discutée la proposition de l’extension de l’usage de l’adjectif “clinique” pour désigner toute pensée du singulier – même hors cadre thérapeutique –, dans l’art, en littérature ou en sciences humaines. »
La connaissance du singulier en psychopathologie : l’approche typologique dans la psychiatrie germanophone du XX e siècle et la Daseinsanalyse
Authors: Basso Elisabetta
Published: November 2021

« Cet article a pour but d’interroger, selon une perspective à la fois historique et épistémologique, le lien que le courant phénoménologique de la psychopathologie a tissé avec la recherche typologique en psychologie et psychiatrie à partir des années vingt. Tout en évoquant les problématiques spécifiquement philosophiques inhérentes aux démarches de typification, j’analyse ces démarches en me concentrant sur les enjeux et les desiderata caractérisant certains des projets les plus influents qui, dans le contexte de la psychopathologie germanophone, se sont rapprochés de la phénoménologie afin de trouver un point de repère méthodologique. En particulier, j’insiste sur le modèle théorique élaboré par Ludwig Binswanger, puisqu’il a été parmi les premiers à poser de manière systématique la question de la rationalité intrinsèque de la connaissance clinique, et à affronter le problème de la relation entre général et singulier qui se présente lorsqu’un “cas” est décrit et analysé dans son “exemplarité”. »
Variation sans temps. Une contribution à la métaphysique de la gravité quantique – 1/2
Authors: Rosanvallon Jérôme
Published: November 2021

« Les inventions et révolutions scientifiques ont toujours sinon fondé du moins suscité des inventions et révolutions métaphysiques susceptibles de leur faire écho. La physique contemporaine, depuis le début du xx e  siècle, avec l’avènement des relativité restreinte et générale et de la physique quantique, jusqu’à aujourd’hui, avec l’élaboration (toujours en cours d’achèvement et de validation) d’une théorie quantique adéquate de la gravitation, est riche de telles révolutions, notamment concernant la nature du temps, concept complexe dont ces théories nous ont appris à distinguer les multiples feuillets et aspects enchevêtrés. Toute théorie quantique de la gravitation (notamment la théorie quantique à boucles) semble ainsi ne pouvoir aboutir qu’en envisageant le temps comme une réalité seconde, dérivée et non plus originaire ou fondamentale. Mais à partir de quelle autre réalité plus fondamentale que lui, le temps pourrait-il être engendré ? Cette réalité pourrait-elle elle-même être en quoi que ce soit non changeante ? N’a-t-on pas ainsi tort de confondre le temps et la variation (ou le changement) ? L’enjeu de cet article est de distinguer soigneusement ces deux concepts en montrant, d’une part, que la variation est en vérité, sous certaines conditions théoriques à énoncer, un concept plus fondamental que celui de temps, et d’autre part, que ce dernier peut être engendré à partir d’une variation – ainsi pensée comme non empirique ou pure – en lui ajoutant un certain nombre de contraintes – qui la rendent alors empirique et dotée des principales propriétés constitutives du temps. Ces contraintes ou conditions restrictives nous semblent essentiellement de trois sortes : subsistance ou invariance, continuité et succession. Nous les développons successivement en montrant comment les relativités restreinte et générale et la physique quantique tendent déjà à violer partiellement ces contraintes. Nous en concluons que la variation doit être ainsi fondamentalement pensée comme n’étant de rien en particulier quand le temps est toujours en vérité le temps de quelque chose. »
Sovereign Immunity in the United States: A Legal and Political Perspective
Authors: Gachon Nicolas
Published: November 2021

Cet article s’intéresse à la question de l’immunité souveraine, adage antique selon lequel « le roi ne peut pas mal faire », telle qu’instrumentalisée par Richard Nixon en 1977 puis par Donald Trump en 2019. D’un point de vue légal et historique, l’argument est que les États-Unis ont endossé la doctrine de l’immunité souveraine, alors même qu’elle semble en tous points contraire aux idéaux de la Révolution américaine, tout en contournant, peut-être précisément à cet effet, certaines des problématiques politiques et institutionnelles inhérentes à leur propre fondation. Cette ambiguïté historique et légale éclaire de manière très intéressante le phénomène de corruption dont Richard Nixon et Donald Trump furent tous deux soupçonnés dans l’exercice de leur mandat, ainsi que le phénomène de rupture des normes politiques qui leur est associé.
Approximate controllability of nonsimple elastic plate with memory
Authors: Aouadi Moncef , Mahfoudhi Imed , Moulahi Taoufik
Published: November 2021

In this paper, we give some qualitative results on the behavior of a nonsimple elastic plate with memory corresponding to anti-plane shear deformations. First we describe briefly the equations of the considered plate and then we study the well-posedness of the resulting problem. Secondly, we perform the spectral analysis, in particular, we establish conditions on the physical constants of the plate to guarantee the simplicity and the monotonicity of the roots of the characteristic equation. The spectral results are used to prove the exponential stability of the solutions at an optimal decay rate given by the physical constants. Then we present an approximate controllability result of the considered control problem. Finally, we give some numerical experiments based on the spectral method developed with implementation in MATLAB for one and two-dimensional problems.
Score matching filters for Gaussian Markov random fields with a linear model of the precision matrix
Authors: Turčičová Marie , Mandel Jan , Eben Kryštof
Published: November 2021

We present an ensemble filtering method based on a linear model for the precision matrix (the inverse of the covariance) with the parameters determined by Score Matching Estimation. The method provides a rigorous covariance regularization when the underlying random field is Gaussian Markov. The parameters are found by solving a system of linear equations. The analysis step uses the inverse formulation of the Kalman update. Several filter versions, differing in the construction of the analysis ensemble, are proposed, as well as a Score matching version of the Extended Kalman Filter.
Retail outsourcing strategy in Cournot & Bertrand retail competitions with economies of scale
Authors: Li Mingxia , Chen Kebing , Wang Shengbin
Published: November 2021

This paper investigates a manufacturer's retail outsourcing strategies under different competition modes with economies of scale. We focus on the effects of market competition modes, economies of scale and competitor's behavior on manufacturer's retail outsourcing decisions, and then we develop four game models under three competition modes. Firstly, we find the channel structure where both manufacturers choose retail outsourcing cannot be an equilibrium structure under the Cournot competition. The Cournot competition mode is less profitable to the firm than the Bertrand competition when the products are complements. Secondly, under the hybrid Cournot-Bertrand competition mode, there is only one equilibrium supply chain structure where neither manufacturer chooses retail outsourcing, when the substitutability and complementarity levels are not sufficiently high. In addition, setting price (quantity) contracts as the strategic variables is the dominant strategy for the direct-sale manufacturer who provides complementary (substitutable) products. Thirdly, both competitive firms will benefit from the situation where they choose the same competition mode. When the products are substitutes (complements), both of them choose the Cournot (Bertrand) competition mode. Finally, we show that the economies of scale have little impact on the equilibrium of the outsourcing structure but a great impact on the competition mode equilibrium.
Numerical solutions of fuzzy equal width models via generalized fuzzy fractional derivative operators
Authors: Ashraf Rehana ,   Department of Mathematics, Lahore College Women University, 54000, Lahore, Pakistan, Rashid Saima , Jarad Fahd , Althobaiti Ali ,   Department of Mathematics, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan,   Department of Mathematics, Çankaya University, Ankara, Turkey,   Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan,   Department of Mathematics, College of Science, Taif University, P. O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
Published: November 2021

The Shehu homotopy perturbation transform method (SHPTM) via fuzziness, which combines the homotopy perturbation method and the Shehu transform, is the subject of this article. With the assistance of fuzzy fractional Caputo and Atangana-Baleanu derivatives operators, the proposed methodology is designed to illustrate the reliability by finding fuzzy fractional equal width (EW), modified equal width (MEW) and variants of modified equal width (VMEW) models with fuzzy initial conditions (ICs). In cold plasma, the proposed model is vital for generating hydro-magnetic waves. We investigated SHPTM's potential to investigate fractional nonlinear systems and demonstrated its superiority over other numerical approaches that are accessible. Another significant aspect of this research is to look at two significant fuzzy fractional models with differing nonlinearities considering fuzzy set theory. Evaluating various implementations verifies the method's impact, capabilities, and practicality. The level impacts of the parameter $ \hbar $ and fractional order are graphically and quantitatively presented, demonstrating good agreement between the fuzzy approximate upper and lower bound solutions. The findings are numerically examined to crisp solutions and those produced by other approaches, demonstrating that the proposed method is a handy and astonishingly efficient instrument for solving a wide range of physics and engineering problems.
Quasilinearization method for an impulsive integro-differential system with delay
Authors: Hu Bing ,   Department of Applied Mathematics, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China, Wang Zhizhi , Xu Minbo , Wang Dingjiang
Published: November 2021

In this paper, we obtain solution sequences converging uniformly and quadratically to extremal solutions of an impulsive integro-differential system with delay. The main tools are the method of quasilinearization and the monotone iterative. The results obtained are more general and applicable than previous studies, especially the quadratic convergence of the solution for a class of integro-differential equations, which have been involved little by now.
Prescription Stimulant-Induced Neurotoxicity: Mechanisms, outcomes, and relevance to ADHD
Authors: Tucker Joshua Ellis
Published: November 2021

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a relatively prevalent neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental condition characterized in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition ( DSM-5 ) as difficulty sustaining attention and maintaining tasks at hand, heightened distractibility, and other deficits in executive functioning. Prescription stimulants—amphetamine (AMP) and methylphenidate (MPH)—are the first-line treatment(s) for ADHD in both pediatric and adult populations and exist in many formulations. Troublingly, the non-medical use (NMU) of amphetamine and methylphenidate is more prevalent in the American population, especially on college and university campuses, than the condition of interest. The neurotoxicological profile and NMU epidemiology of prescription stimulants is of direct relevance to primary care physicians and psychiatrists as they are the providers most frequently tasked with the treatment of ADHD and the surveillance of substance misuse behaviors in the young adult population. As comprehensive literature reviews of the mechanisms and potential adverse sequelae of prescription stimulant-induced neurotoxicity intended for medical clinicians have been quite sparse in the last decade—especially given the gravity of the issue—this article includes a brief primer on ADHD etiology and pathophysiology; considers the current state of NMU epidemiology; reviews the mechanisms of action of AMP and MPH; and, finally, summarizes known molecular and clinical manifestations of AMP and MPH neurotoxicity.
The Association of COVID-19 Incidence With Sport and Face Mask Use in United States High School Athletes
Authors: Watson Andrew M. , Haraldsdottir Kristin , Biese Kevin M. , Goodavish Leslie , Stevens Bethany , McGuine Timothy A.
Published: November 2021

Context

The relationships among different sports, face mask use, and COVID-19 risk among high school athletes remain unknown.

Objective

To evaluate the influence of sport characteristics and face mask use on the COVID-19 incidence among high school athletes.

Design

Descriptive epidemiology study.

Setting

US high school athletic departments.

Patients or Other Participants

Athletic directors.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Surveys were completed regarding sport reinitiation, COVID-19 cases, and risk-reduction procedures in fall 2020. Separate mixed-effects Poisson regression models were developed to evaluate the associations between the reported COVID-19 incidence and (1) sport characteristics (indoor versus outdoor, individual versus team, contact versus noncontact) and (2) face mask use while playing (yes or no).

Results

A total of 991 schools had restarted fall sports, representing 152 484 athletes on 5854 teams. There were 2565 reported cases of COVID-19, representing a case rate of 1682 cases per 100 000 athletes and an incidence rate of 24.6 cases per 100 000 player-days. The COVID-19 incidence was lower for outdoor versus indoor sports (incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 0.54; 95% CI = 0.49, 0.60; P < .001) and noncontact versus contact sports (IRR = 0.78; 95% CI = 0.70, 0.87; P < .001), but not team versus individual sports (IRR = 0.96; 95% CI = 0.84, 1.1; P = .49). Face mask use was associated with a decreased incidence in girls' volleyball (IRR = 0.53; 95% CI = 0.37, 0.73; P < .001), boys' basketball (IRR = 0.53; 95% CI = 0.33, 0.83; P = .008), and girls' basketball (IRR = 0.36; 95% CI = 0.19, 0.63; P < .001) and approached statistical significance in football (IRR = 0.79; 95% CI = 0.59, 1.04; P = .10) and cheer or dance (IRR = 0.75; 95% CI = 0.53, 1.03; P = .081).

Conclusions

In this nationwide survey of high school athletes, a lower COVID-19 incidence was independently associated with participation in outdoor versus indoor and noncontact versus contact sports but not team versus individual sports. Face mask use was associated with a decreased COVID-19 incidence among indoor sports and may be protective in outdoor sports with prolonged close contact among participants.
Profile of hospitalization and death records associated to dengue and severe dengue in Minas Gerais between 2000 and 2015 from the Brazilian Public Health System perspective
Authors: da Silva Gabriel Henrique , de Andrade Clara Rodrigues , Salgado José Vítor Vieira , Parreira Adriano Guimarães , Godói Isabella Piassi Dias
Published: November 2021

Background & objectives: Dengue is one of the most important arboviruses and public health problem associated with increasingly large outbreaks, especially in tropical countries such as Brazil. The state of Minas Gerais, in particular, has had high numbers of cases of this infection in recent years.

Methods: Our study evaluated the epidemiological impact of dengue fever in the state of Minas Gerais from the National Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde, SUS) perspective between 2000 to 2015 using the Brazilian Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN, notification cases) and Hospital Information System (SIH)/SUS (hospitalization registers) databases.

Results: The SUS database recorded 34,996 reports of dengue (International Classification of Diseases [ICD]: A90) as well as 1984 verified cases of severe dengue (ICD-A91). These hospitalizations for dengue and cases of severe dengue generally affected individuals aged 15–24 (17.74%) and 5–14 (20.86%) years, respectively. The epidemiological burden of dengue was substantial in Minas Gerais state, with the highest number of notifications nationally in 2013.

Interpretation & conclusion: From retrospective data associated with dengue records, our study sought to better highlight the locations with the largest number of dengue cases in the Minas Gerais state, and contribute to direct educational and surveillance actions of these regions applied to this infection.
Association of Telomere Length and Serum Vitamin D Levels with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and its Related Complications: A Possible Future Perspective
Authors: Akash C. , Prabhu Madhav , Maldar Arif , Akash Poornima , Mishra Sanjay , Madhura T. K. , Kumar Santosh , Patil Rekha S. , Piplani Shobhit , Smitha K. S.
Published: November 2021

Evidence show that shortened telomere length (TL) and low Vitamin D levels can increase the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its associated complications. T2DM has been considered as an age-related disease, it may be associated with TL. The study aimed to evaluate the association of TL and Vitamin D levels with complications of T2DM and the impact of Vitamin D on TL in patients with T2DM. This 1-year cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital on 90 patients. Height, weight, body mass index, waist-hip ratio was calculated. Fasting blood sugars, postprandial blood sugar, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were analyzed. Absolute TL was obtained from quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Vitamin D estimation was done by chemiluminescent immunoassay. Descriptive analysis of the data was done using R i386 3.6.3. The study found a positive correlation between TL and Vitamin D levels (r = 0.64; P < 0.0001). The interaction with high HbA1c levels and lower levels of Vitamin D led to the shortening of TL (P = 0.0001). The median of TL and mean of Vitamin D levels were significantly less in the diabetic group (P < 0.0001). Vitamin D levels positively affected the TL and its levels had an inverse relation with the HbA1c levels. This association had a significant effect on the shortening of TL. Vitamin D also had a significant association with other diabetic complications that instigated the shortening of TL. Therefore, assessing the role of Vitamin D levels on the shortening of TL can prove to be crucial biomarkers in managing optimal glycemic levels in T2DM patients.
Unsettled Issues in Commercial Vehicle Platooning
Authors:   Muelaner Engineering, Ltd.
Published: November 2021

Platooning has the potential to reduce the energy consumption of commercial vehicles while improving safety; however, both advantages are currently difficult to quantify due to insufficient data and the wide range of variables affecting models. Platooning will significantly reduce the use of energy when compared to trucks driven alone, or at a safe distance for a driver without any automated assistance. Platooning will also reduce stopping distances—multiple states in the US have passed laws authorizing truck platoons to operate at shorter gaps than are authorized for normal, human-driven trucks. However, drivers typically do not currently leave the recommended gaps and, therefore, already gain much of the potential energy savings by drafting lead vehicles, albeit illegally. The automated systems associated with platooning cannot be programmed to flout safety recommendations in the way that human drivers routinely do. Therefore, actual energy savings may be minimal while safety may be greatly improved. More data will be needed to conclusively demonstrate a safety gain. Recommended safe gaps are currently highly generalized and must necessarily assume worst-case braking performance. Using a combination of condition monitoring and vehicle-to-vehicle communications, platooning systems will be able to account for the braking performance of other vehicles within the platoon. If all the vehicles in a platoon have a high level of braking performance, the platoon will be able to operate in a more efficient, tighter formation. Driver acceptance of platooning technology will increase as the systems become more effective and do not displace jobs. The increased loading of infrastructure must also be considered, and there may be requirements for upgrades on bridges or restrictions on platooning operation.
Production Technology for Adding GDL (Glucono Delta Lactone) to Soy-Based Foods
Authors: Rahma Athila Safira
Published: November 2021

The technology of adding Glucono Delta Lactone (GDL) to food made from soybeans is gaining popularity because it has many advantages. GDL is an acid that functions to coagulate proteins. GDL is a food additive that is Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS). GDL has been applied in soy-based products such as tempeh and tofu. The use of GDL in tempeh products can reduce the acidification time of tempeh to 2-3 hours so that the production capacity of tempeh can increase significantly and reduce the amount of water used in the production process. The use of GDL in tofu is as a coagulant which makes the quality of tofu better than other agglomerates. The main objective of this paper is to provides an explanation of the application of GDL to soy-based foods. So, GDL can be used as an innovation to develop soybean-based food industries. It begins from describing about GDL, provides comparison between natural soy-based food and soy-based foods with GDL from study literature. Then moves to the application of GDL in tempeh, the application of GDL in tofu, and Back-Slopping technology.
Exploring the Othering Discourse in the Australian Press
Authors:   International Islamic University Islamabad, Ghauri Muhammad Junaid
Published: November 2021

Recent research has revealed that the ‘othering’ discourse regarding Islam and Muslims has been increased significantly in the international media. Findings of the latest research provide considerable evidence that Islam and Muslims have been constructed and portrayed in a predominantly stereotypical and problematic way wherein they have been Othered by the Western media. This research paper is set to explore the existence of ‘othering’ discourse in the editorial coverage of Islam and Muslims-them by the two nominated Australian newspapers during January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2016. This study has incorporated lexicalization and ideological square strategies within the CDA paradigm proposed by Van Dijk to analyze the editorials published on Islam and Muslims in The Age and The Australian. The results have confirmed that both the newspapers have Othered Islam and Muslims in their editorial contents quite explicitly thus produced the ‘Othering’ discourse during the period under study.
Metode energetsko – klimatskog planiranja u državama Zapadnog balkana: najnovija dostignuća iz Republike Srbije i Bosne i Hercegovine
Authors:   Institute of Technical Sciences of SASA, Batas – Bjelić Ilija , Rajaković Nikola
Published: November 2021

Uprkos činjenici da se nalaze u neposrednom susedstvu Evropske Unije i da imaju otvoren pristup najnovijim tehnologijama i instrumentima za sprovođenje energetskih politika, zemlje Zapadnog balkana zaostaju u energetskoj tranziciji. Evropska Unija je aktivirala noviimpuls u sprovođenju energetske tranzicije kroz Evropski zeleni plan, čiji se uticaj na Zapadni Balkan prenosi u vidu nacionalnih energetsko-klimatskih planova čija je izrada u toku. Doprinosi najnovijih dostignuća u Republici Srbiji (npr. nedavno predstavljena Niskougljenična strategija Republike Srbije sa akcionim planom) i Bosni i Hercegovini (aukcije za fotonaponske elektrane) energetskoj tranziciji, biće analizirani korišćenjem tehnike optimizacije na bazi simulacija i pristupom koji se bazira na integraciji sektora. Dodatno, predstaviće se metode modeliranja koje polaze odintegralne procenekojom se obuhvataju međusobni uticaji sistema klima – energija. Osnovna svrha ovih istraživanja je da se donosiocima odluka na Zapadnom balkanu omogući pristup najnovijim znanjima iz održivih energetskih sistema, a građanima više koristi od usvajanja strateških dokumenatai pravednije energetske tranzicije.
Primjena RC-modela u simulaciji dimamičkih procesa razmjene toplote građevinskih objekata sa okruženjem
Authors: Dumonjić-Milovanović Svetlana , Gvero Petar , Milovanović Zdravko ,   University in Banja Luka, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
Published: November 2021

The applied methodology for the simulation of the dynamic heat exchange processes is based on the application of the RC-model (R-resistor, C-capacitor). According to that model the final number of parallel layers is formed through the cross- section of the construction element and to those layers the characteristics which are equivalent to the elements of the electric circuit are assigned. By establishing the heat balance equations for the nodes between adjacent layers, heat transfer matrices are determined for each time interval, and therefore the dynamics of heat exchange is defined as well. The complexity of the heat exchange process of the buildings with the environment is particularly pronounced in the cooling mode, when the influence of short-wave radiation is dominant within other influences. Due to the absorption of short-wave radiation, the processes of periodic accumulation and release of heat in the opaque building elements are expressed. The results of established model were compared on the results of three validation tests given in EN ISO 52017, and they showed good matches with the given hourly values of the operative temperature. After validation procedure, the effect of the thermal capacity influence on the dynamics of heat exchange of several different opaque building elements, the effect of the intensity of ventilation on the cooling needs as well as the influence of the external shade on the reduction of cooling needs were assayed.
Toplotno bilansiranje i povećanje efikasnosti korišćenja toplotne energije vrtića „Zeka“ u gradu Kragujevcu, Srbija
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Jovanović Davor , Gordić Dušan , Nikolić Jelena , Jurišević Nebojša , Josijević Mladen
Published: November 2021

This paper shows the thermal energy audit of the kindergarten "Zeka", located in the territory of the city of Kragujevac, Serbia. Data of the analyzed building, with an emphasis on the heating system, as well as the climate conditions of the location are shown. Analysis of the thermal energy use, done by implementing a software package "URSA-građevinska fizika 2", shows that the analyzed building belongs to the "G" energy efficiency level, which indicates that the heat transfer coefficients are not in the range defined by the Rule book of energy efficiency for buildings. Consequently, the energy conservation measures for increasing the efficiency of thermal energy use are proposed. Besides, for each measure, the techno- economic analysis was done, which includes determination of the investment costs, as well as the payback period. By implementing the appropriate measures in the analyzed building, it was concluded that thermal energy savings of almost 79% can be achieved.
Influência da obesidade sobre a prevalência de osteoporose e fraturas por baixo impacto em mulheres: análise de dois estudos epidemiológicos brasileiros
Authors: Castro Bruna Aurora Nunes Cavalcante
Published: November 2021

Diversos estudos têm demonstrado o efeito protetor do peso corporal sobre o risco de osteoporose (OP) e de fraturas por baixo impacto (Fx). No entanto, mais recentemente, tem sido verificada maior taxa de fraturas por fragilidade óssea, especialmente dos membros inferiores, em indivíduos com sobrepeso e obesidade.
Abordagem das polineuropatias periféricas
Authors: Dutra Lívia Almeida
Published: November 2021

A polineuropatia periférica é uma afecção neurológica frequente, de apresentação clínica e etiologia variada. O nervo periférico é constituído por fibras nervosas mielínicas (grossas e finas) e amielínicas, organizadas em fascículos nervosos recobertas pelo perineuro. Externamente, o nervo é recoberto pelo epineuro e nutrido por vasos sanguíneos denominados vasa nervorum.
As fibras mielínicas são constituídas por axônios de neurônios envolvidos pelas células de Schwann, que desempenham papel fundamental na formação da bainha de mielina, importante na velocidade da condução nervosa através da condução saltatória. Quanto maior o diâmetro da fibra nervosa, maior a velocidade da condução. Desta forma, as fibras mielínicas grossas estão envolvidas na transmissão de estímulos motores e propriocepção, enquanto fibras finas mielinizadas estão envolvidas na condução de estímulo tátil, dor e função autonômica pré-ganglionar. As fibras amielínicas estão envolvidas na dor e na função autonômica pós-ganglionar.
Devido a esta compartimentalização da transmissão nervosa, os pacientes podem apresentar sintomas puramente sensitivos ou motores, ou ainda envolvimento predominante da sensibilidade profunda, levando ao desequilíbrio e à incoordenação, fenômeno denominado ataxia sensitiva.
Pacientes portadores de polineuropatias podem apresentar sintomas positivos descritos como queimação, dor, parestesia, formigamento, alodinia, hiperalgesia; ou ainda sintomas negativos, como anestesia e ataxia. Também é importante avaliar a função autonômica questionando na história clínica a presença de saciedade precoce, constipação, diarreia, incontinência, impotência sexual, hiper-hidrose, anidrose, hipotensão postural, extremidades frias, alterações tróficas em membros e disautonomia.
Vibrio alginolyticus in marine foods of animal origin from establishments in the port of Chabihau, Yucatan, Mexico
Authors: Franco–Monsreal José , Serralta–Peraza Lidia Esther del Socorro , Flores–Abuxapqui Javier Jesús
Published: November 2021

To determine if the marine foods of animal origin that are sold in establishments in the port of Chabihau, Yucatan, Mexico, represent potential risk factors for the Vibrio alginolyticus species for the development of acute gastroenteritis, wound infection, ear infection and primary septicemia. Three hundred and ninety seafood samples were studied: [298 (76.41%) raw, 8 (2.05%) marinated without heat, 77 (19.74%) partially cooked with heat and 7 (1.79%) completely cooked with heat]. For the homogenization and enrichment of the samples, as well as for the isolation and identification of the Vibrio alginolyticus species, we proceeded according to the methodology described in the eighth edition of the Bacteriological Analytical Manual (FDA). The criteria used in conducting the hypothesis tests for the difference between two percentages was based on the recommendations made by Cochran. The prevalences obtained in raw seafood, marinated without heat, partially cooked with heat and completely cooked with heat were, respectively, 7.72% (23/298), 0.00% (0/8), 7.79% (6/77) and 0.00% (0/7). In 29 (7.44%) samples an equal number of strains were isolated whose biochemical characteristics corresponded to the Vibrio alginolyticus species. It is concluded that raw seafood and partially cooked seafood represent potential risk factors for the Vibrio alginolyticus species for the development of acute gastroenteritis, wound infection, ear infection and primary septicemia.