bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Examining antibiotic use in Kenya: farmers’ knowledge and practices in addressing antibiotic resistance
Authors: Rware Harrison , Monica Kansiime K. , Idah Mugambi , Fernadis Makale , Davis Ikiror , Buke Wako , Solveig Danielsen , Daniel Karanja , Duncan Chacha , Morten Byskov , Keith Hyams
Published: February 2024

Background

Antibiotics hold the promise of mitigating the spread of livestock diseases while enhancing productivity. However, there is global concerns surrounding the improper handling and administration of antibiotics, which has led to an alarming rise in antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Kenya is currently listed as an AMR hotspot. This study assesses farmers’ knowledge and practices on antibiotics in livestock production, knowledge on AMR as well as factors influencing farmers’ knowledge of antibiotic safety and resistance, and antibiotics use.

Methods

A across-sectional, quantitative survey was employed with 319 farming households in five counties in Kenya. Multivariate regression analysis was used to identify explanatory factors.

Results

About 80% of households use antibiotics in their livestock, and 58% administer the antibiotics themselves. The vast majority of farmers buy antibiotics without a prescription. Antibiotics are used for both therapeutic and non-therapeutic purposes, the latter mainly in form of growth promoters and feed enhancers in poultry. The withdrawal periods reported by farmers are shorter than the officially recommended periods. Although the majority of farmers reported risky antibiotic practices, most (76%) were well aware of bacterial AMR. Nineteen of 21 knowledge statements on AMR and safe use of antibiotics were answered correctly by 55–89% of respondents, indicating considerable farmer knowledge on different aspects of antibiotics risk, while certain knowledge gaps remain. Number of livestock owned was the factor most positively influencing farmers’ knowledge on AMR and safe use.

Conclusion

Kenya has made notable progress towards creating knowledge and awareness of farming communities on the risks and requirements associated with antibiotic use in livestock. Nonetheless, farmers’ antibiotics practices continue to constitute considerable risk of further AMR development. This shows that knowledge is not enough to ensure fundamental behavioral change. There needs to be an enabling environment driven by (1) effective policy interventions and enforcement to ensure compliance with set guidelines for antibiotic use; (2) research on and deployment of alternatives, such as probiotics, vaccinations and disease prevention measures, (3) continued public awareness raising and education using multiple channels to reach farmers and, (4) strengthened cross-sector, multi-stakeholder collaboration to address the multi-dimensional complexities of AMR.
Effect of Mn and Mg reinforcing particles on physico-mechanical behavior of close-cell Al metal foam for energy absorption material
Authors: Bisht Ankur , Gangil Brijesh , Ranakoti Lalit , Gairola Surya Prakash
Published: February 2024

A solid substance encircled by a three-dimensional network of voids not interconnected with each other is referred to as close-cell metal foam. The work is based on enhancing mechanical properties of aluminum base close-cell metal foam through the addition of reinforcing particles in varying percentages. Closed-cell aluminum foams with the addition of Mn (0.5 wt.%) and Mg (0, 1, 1.5, 2) were successfully prepared by the melt route method. Al-based metal foam’s morphology and mechanical behavior were examined in order to understand the impact of reinforcing elements. From the current work, it is inferred that the addition of reinforcing elements initially helped to increase the compressive strength as found in Foam-1, but further addition of Mg did not have any beneficial effects. It was found that the value of compression strength depends on foam density. The addition of reinforcing elements increases the length of the plateau which in turn increases the value of energy absorption. It is found that proper bonding of reinforcing particles helps in improving energy absorption. From the evaluation, it was found that besides the increase in density and variations in pores uniformity, Al + Mn (0.5wt. %) + Mg (1.5wt. %) Foam (Foam-1) was found to be superior among all other foams. It can also be concluded that by fixing the percentage of Mn by 1 wt%, the best results can be obtained by addition of 1.5 wt. % Mg in the melt. Further addition of Mg shows a detrimental effect on mechanical and physical properties.
Costal cartilage as a promising technique for large bronchial fistula closure in fistulous empyema: a case report
Authors: Kato Yoshiki , Sugiura Yasoo , Fujimoto Hiroyuki , Hashizume Toshinori
Published: February 2024

Background

There is no high level of evidence for the treatment of fistulous empyema. We report here a promising technique for closure of a bronchopleural fistula using costal cartilage as a bronchial embolus.

Case presentation

The patient is a 79-year-old man. A computed tomography scan diagnosed a fistulous empyema associated with perforation of lung abscess of right middle lobe. After thoracoscopic curettage of the right empyema cavity, right middle lung resection and intercostal muscle flap coverage over the bronchial stump were performed. Seven months after the surgery, a bronchopleural fistula developed. Bronchoscopy revealed fistulas in the middle lobe bronchus and B3b. After the open window thoracostomy, the empyema cavity was cleaned up. The empyema cavity remained from the anterior to the lateral thoracic region of the second to fourth ribs. A part of the second through fourth ribs that formed the ceiling of the pleural empyema cavity was removed to create space for skin and thickened parietal pleura to fill the cavity. The costal cartilage obtained from the rib resection was trimmed and harvested to fit into the diameter of the bronchopleural fistula. The free costal cartilage was sutured and fixed with five stitches with 3-0 PDS. The visceral pleura was covered with the thickened parietal pleura and skin and fixed airtight. To maintain a tight seal, a Blake® silicone drain was inserted between the visceral pleura and the thickened parietal pleura, and a suction reservoir was utilized to sustain negative pressure. The drain was removed on the 21st day. As of 21 months postoperatively, the skin and thickened parietal pleura flap has maintained its integrity, and there has been no evidence of pus or recurrence of air leaks.

Conclusion

In the case of a fistulous empyema extending anteriorly, costal cartilage can be easily harvested, making it a promising option as a lid for fistula closure.
A cross-sectional investigation on remote working, loneliness, workplace isolation, well-being and perceived social support in healthcare workers
Authors: O'Hare Dearbhla , Gaughran Fiona , Stewart Robert , Pinto da Costa Mariana
Published: February 2024

Background

Following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare trusts began to implement remote working arrangements, with little knowledge of their impact on staff well-being.

Aims

To investigate how remote working of healthcare workers during the pandemic may have been associated with stress, productivity and work satisfaction at that time, and associations between loneliness, workplace isolation, perceived social support and well-being.

Method

A questionnaire was developed to explore remote working and productivity, stress and work satisfaction during time spent working remotely. Associations between current loneliness, workplace isolation and well-being, and the influence of perceived social support, were explored with perceived social support as a potential moderator.

Results

A total of 520 participants responded to the study, of whom 112 were men (21.5%) and 406 were women (78.1%), with an age range of 21–77 years (mean 40.0, s.d. = 12.1). Very few (3.1%) worked remotely before the COVID-19 pandemic, and this had increased significantly (96.9%). Those who worked ≥31 h a week remotely reported higher stress and lower workplace satisfaction at that time, compared with office work, yet also felt more productive. Current loneliness, workplace isolation and perceived social support were cross-sectionally associated with lower current well-being.

Conclusions

Those who worked more hours a week remotely during the pandemic reported increased stress, which may be related to the lack of resources in place to support this change in work.
The risk of antidepressant-induced hyponatremia: A meta-analysis of antidepressant classes and compounds
Authors: Gheysens Tim , Van Den Eede Filip , De Picker Livia
Published: February 2024

Background

Hyponatremia (hypoNa) is a potentially serious adverse event of antidepressant treatment. Previous research suggests the risk of drug-induced hyponatremia differs between antidepressants. This meta-analysis sought to determine the risk of antidepressant-induced hypoNa, stratified by different compounds and classes.

Methods

A PRISMA-compliant systematic search of Web of Science and PubMed databases was performed from inception until Jan 5, 2023, for original studies reporting incidences or risks of hypoNa in adults using antidepressants. We modelled random-effects meta-analyses to compute overall event rates and odds ratios of any and clinically relevant hypoNa for each compound and class, and ran head-to-head comparisons based on hypoNa event rates. We conducted subgroup analyses for geriatric populations and sodium cut-off value. The study is registered with PROSPERO, CRD42021269801.

Results

We included 39 studies (n = 8,175,111). Exposure to antidepressants was associated with significantly increased odds of hypoNa (k = 7 studies, OR = 3.160 (95%CI 1.911-5.225)). The highest event rates were found for SNRIs (7.44%), SSRIs (5.59%), and TCAs (2.66%); the lowest for mirtazapine (1.02%) and trazodone (0.89%). Compared to SSRIs, SNRIs were significantly more likely (k = 10, OR = 1.292 (1.120 – 1.491), p < 0.001) and mirtazapine significantly less likely (k = 9, OR = 0.607 (0.385 – 0.957), p = 0.032) to be associated with hypoNa.

Conclusion

Our meta-analysis demonstrated that, while no antidepressant can be considered completely risk-free, for hypoNa-prone patients mirtazapine should be considered the treatment of choice and SNRIs should be prescribed more cautiously than SSRIs and TCAs.
Impact of Premedication De-Escalation on Incidence of Infusion-Related Reactions With Daratumumab
Authors: Vazirnia Donna , Del Rio Verduzco Alejandro , Soefje Scott A. , Sanders Kristyn A. , Sandahl Tyler B.
Published: February 2024

PURPOSE

Daratumumab is an anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody used to treat multiple myeloma and light chain amyloidosis. Because daratumumab may cause reactions after intravenous or subcutaneous (SC) administration, the manufacturer labeling recommends administration of premedications before every dose. Given incidence of infusion reactions appears to be rare after cycle 1, in April 2022, the Mayo Clinic implemented a practice change in which premedications were omitted from all daratumumab order sets after completion of cycle 1. This study investigated the safety of this practice.

METHODS

A retrospective chart review at the Mayo Clinic reviewed eligible patients with multiple myeloma or amyloid light-chain (AL) amyloidosis who received their first dose of daratumumab within the 4 months preceding the date of implementation (preimplementation group) or no more than 4 months after (postimplementation group) the date of implementation on April 13, 2022. Data were collected only from the first eight once per week doses of daratumumab. The primary outcome was the incidence of infusion-related reactions. Data analyzed used descriptive statistics.

RESULTS

Nearly all patients (95.9%) received daratumumab by SC route of administration. Of the 97 patients in the preimplementation group, >90% received premedications throughout cycles 1 and 2, and five patients (5.2%) experienced infusion reactions. Of 72 patients in the postimplementation group, <20% received premedications during cycle 2 and three patients (4.2%) experienced infusion reactions. All infusion reactions occurred within the first daratumumab cycle, indicating elimination of cycle 2 premedications did not cause any infusion reactions. No patient experienced more than one infusion reaction.

CONCLUSION

Omission of premedications after cycle 1 of daratumumab did not increase the incidence of infusion. Premedications may safely be omitted after cycle 1 of daratumumab when administered by the SC route.
Δαιμονολογία: ο χαμένος κρίκος της επιστημονικής επανάστασης με το κυνήγι μαγισσών;
Authors: Ασημακοπούλου Ευσταθία
Published: February 2024

Η παρούσα διατριβή προτείνει τη διεπιστημονική και πολυφασματική μελέτη για την εύρεση και αναγνώριση των συζεύξεων μεταξύ της λόγιας αγγλικής νατουραλιστικής δαιμονολογίας, του δαιδαλώδους και πολυπαραγοντικού φαινομένου του κυνηγιού μαγισσών (ως σημαντικού μέρους της ευρωπαϊκής ιστορίας) και της ανάδυσης της εμπειρικής φιλοσοφίας στην πρώιμη νεωτερική Αγγλία. Ως εκ τούτου, δεν μπορεί να αγνοηθεί καθ' οιονδήποτε τρόπο ο πολυσήμαντος ρόλος των διώξεων στις συνδέσεις μεταξύ δαιμονολογικών πραγματειών και της επιστημολογικής πρότασης της βακώνειας μεθόδου. Η απουσία αναγνώρισης της επέκτασης αυτών των θεωρητικών, καθώς και πρακτικών αλληλεπιδράσεων ως συμβολής στο κυνήγι μαγισσών, στο πλαίσιο του πειθαρχικού προτεσταντικού κράτους, αποτέλεσε το ερώτημα, στο οποίο επιχείρησε να απαντήσει η διατριβή. Επιπροσθέτως, η διαπίστωση της διατριβής, η οποία προβάλλει το γεγονός ότι πριν την απομάγευση της μηχανιστικής νεωτερικότητας προηγήθηκε μια πρωτοφανής συστηματική και συστημική δαιμονική μάγευση του κόσμου, συνεισφέρει στην πληρέστερη κατανόηση των παράδοξων, για το σύγχρονο βλέμμα, συνδέσεων μεταξύ πολύπλοκων διανοητικών κατασκευών και πρακτικών που συνέβαλαν με καθοριστικό τρόπο στη μετάβαση προς τις νεωτερικές νόρμες και το νεωτερικό υποκείμενο, με θετικές και αρνητικές συνέπειες. Ο Joseph Glanvill δεν υπήρξε μια ιδιάζουσα περίπτωση. Λόγω της θέσης του και των δημόσιων σχέσεών του υπήρξε ενθουσιώδης υποστηρικτής της βακώνειας μεθόδου και ισχυρός εκπρόσωπος και απολογητής της Βασιλικής Εταιρείας και των επιδιώξεων της αγγλικής μοναρχίας την περίοδο της Αγγλίας της Παλινόρθωσης.
Case Report: Cutaneous melanocytic schwannoma with concomitant melanocytoma in a canine
Authors: Monakali Olwam H. , O'Dell Nicolize , van der Weyden Louise
Published: February 2024

Schwannoma is a nerve sheath tumour arising from differentiated Schwann cells, and melanocytic schwannoma (MS) is a rare variant where the Schwan cells produce melanin pigment. MS is typically associated with spinal nerve roots and there have been only ~20 reports of cutaneous or subcutaneous MS to-date in humans. In canines, there have only been two reports of MS, both associated with spinal root nerves. In this report, we describe a 7-year-old Weimaraner cross breed dog that presented with two pigmented lesions on the eyelids. The lesions were surgically removed and histological analysis revealed well-circumscribed, non-encapsulated, expansile, neoplasms that were displacing most of the dermis and adnexa. The first lesion was composed of spindloid cells arranged in short interlacing streams with large amounts of pale eosinophilic cytoplasm that sometimes contained fine melanin granules. In areas there were spindle cells arranged in verocay bodies which led to a diagnosis of MS. In contrast, the second lesion was composed of polygonal cells arranged in thick sheets with large amounts of pale eosinophilic cytoplasm that sometimes contained fine melanin granules. The diagnosis was melanocytoma (which is one of the macroscopic differential diagnoses for MS). Whilst melanocytoma is a commonly occurring cutaneous lesion in canines and surgical removal is considered curative, due to little being known about MS in dogs, the outcome remained guarded, as MS in humans has an unpredictable nature, and recurrence and metastasis have been reported.
Information Security of Students in the Information and Educational Environment
Authors: Artem'eva A. , Lobacevich A. , Shamis V.
Published: February 2024

e article considers the main aspects of the influence of the electronic educational environment on the development of personality, as well as its positive and negative sides. Nowadays, the issue of information security of students is acute in connection with the global digitalization and computerization of education. This work is devoted to the analysis of the problem of information security of students based on the results of a sociological survey, which was attended by 128 students of the Omsk branch of the Financial University of various fields of training. About 66% of respondents considered it necessary to use information technologies in education. Thus, the results of the study allow us to conclude that it is necessary to introduce an educational module on information security, the purpose of which is to increase literacy in the era of computerization and digitalization of education.
In-School Control: Final Assessment and Interim Certification of Students in Informatics
Authors: Bosova L. , Samylkina N. , Kocheshkov R.
Published: February 2024

The article deals with the procedures of internal and external assessment of students’ educational achievements in accordance with the requirements of the updated FSES of basic general education. The structure and interrelations of these procedures are described. Final evaluation and interim certification of students in informatics at the level of basic general education are compared in terms of content and legal characteristics of these procedures. A generalized plan and a variant of the final control work on computer science of advanced level for 7th grade, created in accordance with the requirements of the updated FSES of basic general education and FOP LLC. The correct answers to tasks 1–13 are given. The criteria for assigning points for practical task 14, as well as the procedure for converting points into marks in computer science are described in detail.

It is intended for heads of educational organizations implementing programs of basic general education, teachers of informatics and methodologists in informatics.
Kształcenie logopedów w Polsce - perspektywy rozwojowe
Authors: Modrzejewska-Szeląg Monika
Published: February 2024

Celem artykułu jest ukazanie koncepcji i modeli kształcenia logopedów w Polsce oraz perspektyw rozwojowych kształcenia tych specjalistów. Rozpoznania dokonano na podstawie analizy aktów prawnych, literatury przedmiotu oraz wtórnej analizy badań już istniejących. Dziś w kontekście projektu Ustawy o niektórych zawodach medycznych jest to temat bardzo aktualny. Dokument powyższy bowiem z uwagi na wybiórcze, medyczne rozumienie roli logopedów sytuuje ich w miejscu, które zdaniem Polskiego Związku Logopedów, Polskiego Towarzystwa Logopedycznego, środowiska akademickiego oraz logopedów-praktyków jest niewłaściwe i może znacząco wpłynąć nie tylko na status zawodowy logopedy, jego miejsce w społeczeństwie, ale także na zmianę systemu kształcenia w powyższym zawodzie.
Powojenny ogląd samokształcenia w Polsce
Authors: Kargul Józef
Published: February 2024

W artykule dokonano krytycznego przeglądu stanowisk dotyczących samokształcenia w Polsce w okresie powojennym. W konkluzji autor stawia hipotezę o istnieniu dwóch typów osób uprawiających samokształcenie. Jeden z nich to ludzie, którzy podejmują trud samokształceniowy w celu upodobnienia się do określonego wzoru – są to tzw. „zewnątrzsterowni”, drugi zaś to ludzie, podejmujący doskonalenie siebie (we wszystkich stronach własnej osobowości), aby sprawnie wykonywać zadania, które stawia przed nimi życie („wewnątrzsterowni”). Niezależnie jednak od tego, jak człowiek będzie postrzegał istotę samokształcenia, w dzisiejszych czasach jest ono koniecznością, zmieniają się bowiem ideały, wzory osobowości, które można zinternalizować, jak również życie stawia nowe zadania, które musimy rozwiązywać.
Kapitał emocjonalny w perspektywie całożyciowego uczenia się – ujęcie adaptacyjne versus krytyczne
Authors: Góralska Renata
Published: February 2024

Celem artykułu jest charakterystyka kategorii pojęciowej, jaką jest kapitał emocjonalny. Pojęcie to zostało wprowadzone przez Bénédicte Gendron i jest definiowane jako zbiór zasobów, tj. kompetencji emocjonalnych i społecznych, które są znaczące z perspektywy rozwoju osobistego, społecznego i zawodowego jednostki. Kapitał emocjonalny jest ważny w kontekście całego życia człowieka, tj. zarówno dla funkcjonowania dzieci i młodzieży w szkole, jak i dorosłych w miejscu pracy. Odgrywa też znaczącą rolę w funkcjonowaniu jednostek w społeczności lokalnej oraz w budowaniu społeczeństwa obywatelskiego. W artykule wyjaśniono pojęcia: kapitał ludzki, społeczny, kulturowy i dokonano zestawienia dwu odmiennych perspektyw kapitału: ekonomiczno-liberalnego, kojarzonego z nazwiskami Roberta Putnama, Jamesa Colemana i Francisa Fukuyamy, oraz socjologiczno-krytycznego, związanego z teorią kapitału Pierre’a Bourdieu. Te odmienne sposoby rozumienia kapitału społecznego stały się podstawą do sformułowania dwoistej definicji kapitału emocjonalnego i pokazania różnic pomiędzy wyróżnionymi stanowiskami. W podsumowaniu wskazano na edukacyjne implikacje ważne w kontekście całożyciowego rozwoju emocjonalnego człowieka.
Jaka edukacja i dla kogo? Biografie edukacyjne dorosłych i ich społeczny wymiar
Authors: Jurgiel - Aleksander Alicja
Published: February 2024

. Niniejszy tekst nawiązuje do dyskusji o znaczeniu uczenia się dorosłych, ale w wyraźnie wyodrębnionym kontekście badawczym. Ów kontekst został zdefiniowany przez analizę biografii nietradycyjnych studentów ukierunkowaną na identyfikację ich indywidualnych doświadczeń życiowych traktowanych przez nich jako edukacyjne. W rezultacie analiza indywidualnych uzasadnień doprowadziła do zidentyfikowania pięciu typów narracji. Są to: „Chcę osiągnąć więcej niż moi rodzice”, „Dziś trzeba dostosować się do rynku pracy i postępu cywilizacyjnego”, „Dorosły z natury jest mądry”, „Muszę dać sobie szansę”, „Chcę być świadomy/a tego, w czym uczestniczę”. Projekt ujawnił, że jakość owych narracji wskazuje na sposób użycia języka opisującego uczenie się badanych, a tym samym na potencjał ich uczenia się w ogóle. Co więcej, wszystkie narracje pokazują, że to społeczne korzenie tworzą potencjał indywidualnych możliwości uczenia się badanych. W ten sposób próbuję nawiązać do wątpliwości wyrażanych przez G.J.J. Biestę (2006, 2010), który twierdzi, że ekonomiczny język opisu uczenia się   - zaadaptowany przez teoretyków edukacji – spowodował, że pytanie o dobrą edukację i jej społeczne znaczenie jest obecnie pomijane. A – jak pokazują wyniki badań w tym projekcie – społeczne znaczenie uczenia się jest wciąż istotnym zagadnieniem.
Robust CARA Optimization
Authors: Chen Li , Sim Melvyn
Published: February 2024

Decision making under uncertainty involves both ambiguity and risk. In “Robust CARA Optimization,” Chen and Sim have developed innovative optimization models designed for ambiguity-averse decision makers whose risk preference is consistent with constant absolute risk aversion (CARA). The research delves into maximizing the worst-case expected exponential utility amid uncertainties from independent factors with ambiguous marginals. To enhance computational feasibility, the authors developed a series of approximations: starting with tractable concave functions in affinely perturbed cases, advancing to concave piecewise affinely perturbed scenarios, and culminating in novel multi-deflected linear decision rules for adaptive optimization. This comprehensive framework extends to a multi-period consumption model, ultimately forming an exponential conic optimization problem efficiently solvable with existing solvers. Practical applications demonstrated in project and multiperiod inventory management highlight the models’ potential to surpass existing stochastic optimization methods, especially under high risk aversion.
WHATSAPP COMO RECURSO DIDÁTICO NA EDUCAÇÃO SUPERIOR NAS LICENCIATURAS DE LETRAS E PEDAGOGIA
Authors: Bezerra Ferreira José Genival
Published: February 2024

O objetivo principal do estudo foi analisar a percepção dos alunos sobre o processo ensino-aprendizagem por meio do WhatsApp como ferramenta didática para  alunos que ingressaram na universidade no ano letivo de 2021 já utilizando essa ferramenta em decorrência da pandemia da covid-19. A pesquisa é de abordagem qualitativa, o instrumento utilizado para coleta de dados foi um questionário online, aplicado através do Google Forms, com a questão aberta: "aponte as vantagens e desvantagens do WhatsApp como recurso didático"; aplicado a 23 alunos dos cursos de Letras e Pedagogia de duas universidades públicas do Brasil. Para isso, ancorou-se teoricamente em estudos de Bouhnik e Deshen (2014), Bao (2020), Zawacki-Richter (2021), entre outros. Como resultado, encontra-se vantagens com o uso do aplicativo, como o maior comprometimento quando há feedback do professor, além de desvantagens, dentre as principais, os impactos negativos quando não há orientação do professor, bem como quando as regras de uso não são estabelecidas. É importante mencionar que a incorporação do aplicativo possibilita múltiplos cenários para o trabalho docente, superando barreiras espaço-temporais e tornando-se um ambiente favorável à produção de conhecimento.
DISCÊNCIA, ENSINO REMOTO EMERGENCIAL E CULTURA DIGITAL: ESTRATÉGIAS DE APRENDIZAGEM NA EDUCAÇÃO SUPERIOR
Authors: Nonato Emanuel do Rosário Santos , Sales Mary Valda Souza
Published: February 2024

A experiência da discência no Ensino Remoto Emergencial é um objeto de estudo apto a desvelar o modo como a Cultura Digital se constituiu em contexto de transformação do modo de estudar e aprender na contemporaneidade. Neste estudo de caso descritivo com 39 alunos do curso de Pedagogia do XXXXXX dos semestres de 2021.1 e 2021.2, utilizando um questionário misto online, buscou-se entender como os estudantes se adequaram e o que aproveitaram das vivências formativas desenvolvidas durante o período do Ensino Remoto Emergencial na Educação Superior. Revelou-se que o Ensino Remoto Emergencial permitiu experiências de mediação tecnológica que foram apropriadas pelos estudantes no retorno ao presencial, enriquecendo o acervo de estratégias formativas desses discentes a partir do conhecimento das possibilidades das tecnologias e remodelando seu modo de estudar e aprender na Cultura Digital. As possibilidades de aprendizagens se consolidaram com o reconhecimento dos mesmos que do podem aproveitar e o que precisam conhecer melhor, bem como aquilo que não querem mais experimentar no mesmo modelo.
DESCULPA A INTERRUPÇÃO, PROFESSOR, EU NEM SEI SE EU PODERIA TE INTERROMPER: QUAIS OS SENTIDOS DA CONVERSAÇÃO EM AULA?
Authors: Carvalho Felipe , Pimentel Mariano
Published: February 2024

Nesta pesquisa, buscamos compreender os sentidos das conversações em uma aula. Teorizamos-problematizamos a complexidade desse tipo de conversação com base nos estudos pós-estruturalistas. Em termos metodológicos, utilizamos a cibercartografia para analisar as experiências de conversação que nos afetaram durante os encontros online em um curso de formação continuada de uma universidade pública em 2022. Para produzir os sentidos provisórios das conversações que emergiram com as/os cursistas, mobilizamos as ferramentas conceituais foucaultianas de enunciado e discurso, o que nos possibilitou conjecturar que: a conversação em aula não está livre da relação de poder-saber; conversar é construir sentidos partilhados; é importante a/o docente estar aberto à conversação em aula; e a conversação é constituinte da diferenciação. Esses sentidos contribuem para a desconstrução da pedagogia cibertecnicista que tem empreendido esforços para automatizar o ensino sem professoras/es, que, entre outras medidas, inibe/anula a conversação do processo educacional.
Use of a mobile app by people with Parkinson's disease to improve self-management
Authors: Hand Annette , Wales Jill , Cook Glenda , Kirton Alexandra
Published: February 2024

Background:

Parkinson's disease is a complex neurodegenerative condition. Due to the heterogeneity of symptoms that may be experienced, individualised treatment plans are essential. Hear Me Now (HMN) is an app developed for individuals with learning disabilities. Anecdotal evidence suggested people with chronic conditions, such as Parkinson's disease, might also benefit from using HMN in managing their complex health condition.

Aims:

This feasibility study sought to explore whether HMN was suitable for use in people with Parkinson's disease.

Methods:

A purposive sample of 4 people with Parkinson's were recruited. Following training, participants used the HMN app at home over 3 months. Interviews were used to explore their use of functions within the app; ease of use; any impact it had on their daily life; any barriers or facilitators to using the app.

Findings:

Most participants found HMN beneficial in managing their health condition.

Conclusion:

The HMN app merits further research for use in patient self-management.
Systematic assessment of salt tolerance based on morpho-physiological traits and genes related in inbred rice lines at the seedling stage
Authors: HERAWATI RENY , SIMARMATA MARULAK , MASDAR MASDAR , PURWOKO BAMBANG S. , MISWATI MISWATI
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Herawati R, Simarmata M, Masdar, Purwoko BS, Miswati. 2023. Systematic assessment of salt tolerance based on morpho-physiological traits and genes related in inbred rice lines at the seedling stage. Biodiversitas 24: 6256-6267. Salinity stress is an abiotic constraint that limits rice productivity. Salinity-tolerant traits are very complex and involve many genes. Therefore, it is difficult to conclude how rice plants respond to salinity stress. This study aimed to investigate the genetic potential of 19 rice genotypes for salt tolerance as well as the quantitative impacts of varying salinity stress levels on a subset of the genotypes. Salinity tolerance is identified in two stages: assessing salinity stress in nutrient solutions using 0, 5,000 (EC 7.8 dS.m-1), and 10,000 ppm (EC 15.62 dS.m-1). Gene expression analysis detected genes controlling salinity stress tolerance using two pairs of specific primers: DST (Drought Salt Tolerance) and OsAPX (ascorbate peroxidase). The results showed that all lines could survive high salinity stress up to EC 7.8 dS.m-1. Biplot is reflected in K-means grouping the 21 rice genotypes into three major groups, namely salt-sensitive (1 genotype, 4.75%), moderately salt-tolerant (2 genotypes, 9.5%), and salt-tolerant-very tolerant (18 genotypes, 85.7%). The DST and OsAPX1 genes showed both genes were expressed under salinity stress, although some lines showed smears or even did not appear at all, namely in G3 and G7. This result is consistent with the PCA analysis, where genotypes G3 and G7 are categorized as moderately tolerant. This study reveals that screening at the seedling stage combined with marker-assisted selection can identify tolerant genotypes. Furthermore, conducting field trials on soil salinity with EC > 4 dS.m-1 is recommended to obtain salinity-tolerant lines as potential new varieties.
Assessment of species diversity, biomass and carbon stock of mangrove forests on Belitung Island, Indonesia
Authors: HENRI HENRI , FARHABY ARTHUR MUHAMMAD , SUPRATMAN OKTO , ADI WAHYU , FEBRIANTO SIGIT
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Henri, Farhaby AM, Supratman O, Adi W, Febrianto S. 2023. Assessment of species diversity, biomass and carbon stock of mangrove forests on Belitung Island, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 6761-6769. Mangroves are highly productive ecosystems that provide important ecosystem services for people and nature, including climate change mitigation. This study analyzed species diversity, biomass value, and estimated carbon stocks in mangrove forest ecosystems on Belitung Island, Indonesia. The data collection method is carried out by creating a linear plot consisting of several circular subplots. Data analysis was carried out to determine the frequency, density, important value index, biomass (above-ground and below-ground biomass), and carbon content. The results of research on mangrove ecosystems on Belitung Island obtained ten species of mangroves dominated by Rhizophora apiculata Blume found in all research sites. The density of mangroves in the four locations (>1,500 trees/ha) is very dense. In contrast, the location in Juru Seberang (1,349 trees/ha) is categorized as moderate because it is the location of previous reforestation. Rhizophora apiculata has an important value index at the tree (161.24%) and sapling (149.24%) levels. Mangroves on Belitung Island have a total biomass value (225.08 t ha-1), estimated carbon content (112.54 t C ha-1), and carbon dioxide (CO2) absorption of 413.02 t CO2 ha-1. Sustainable coastal ecosystem management can significantly reduce carbon emissions from the land use sector and maintain ecosystem services in these coastal habitats, considering Belitung Island as one of the archipelago areas.
Population study of Cucurbita moschata based on morphological characters and isozyme banding patterns in Bima District, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Authors: FURQAN MUHAMMAD , SURANTO SURANTO , SUGIYARTO SUGIYARTO
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Furqan M, Suranto, Sugiyarto. 2023. Population study of Cucurbita moschata based on morphological characters and isozyme banding patterns in Bima District, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 30-38. Pumpkin is a tropical plant that benefits from its lipid, protein, carbohydrate, and mineral contents. The morphological characters of pumpkins can be influenced by their genetics and environment. This research aimed to examine the relationship among 9 accessions of Cucurbita moschata Duchesne from 9 locations in Bima district, West Nusa Tenggara (NTB) province, Indonesia. The morphological characters of stems, leaves, and flowers were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively and an ANOVA was used to look at the difference of leaf and flower characters. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) with peroxidase and esterase was used to detect isozyme banding patterns. Morphological characters and isozyme data were analyzed using a UPGMA method with NTSYS version 2.0 software to construct a dendrogram. The results show evidence of the varied morphological appearance of C. moschata from the different locations. A total of 12 esterase bands and 10 peroxidase bands were detected from Wera2. An undetected band with Rf value of 0.567 was recorded, while a unique band with Rf value of 0.133 (peroxidase) was not detected. Undetected bands with Rf values of 0.645 and 0.726 of esterase were also recorded.  A dendrogram showed three clusters of 9 accessions studied, in which Wera2 and Wera3 each stood alone, and a third large group was formed from the 7 remaining accessions. These results confirm the uniqueness of the Wera2 and Wera3 accessions. These results would be good information in determining a management strategy for improving the quality of pumpkins in the future.
The diversity and distribution of residential termites in the Minahasa Raya Region, North Sulawesi Province, Indonesia
Authors: MANOPPO JACKLIN STELLA SALOME , PUTRA RAMADHANI EKA , DUNGANI RUDI , AHMAD INTAN
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Manoppo JSS, Putra RE, Dungani R, Ahmad I. 2024. The diversity and distribution of residential termites in the Minahasa Raya Region, North Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 39-48. Termites are major pests in urban settings, particularly due to their preference for wood, despite its ecological importance leading to structural damage to buildings. Studies showed a gap in the North Sulawesi Region, Indonesia, particularly in termite distribution, control, and economic impact in residential zones. This study aimed to (i) gather preliminary data on termite species in Minahasa and North Sulawesi from the literature; (ii) locate termite colonies via house/building surveys and baiting; (iii) map the distribution of identified termite species by Geographical Information System (GIS); and (iv) record environmental characteristics relevant to termite distribution and related damages. The study revealed a diversity of residential termite species in terms of morphological characteristics and habitats. Three termite families were identified: Rhinotermitidae, Termitidae, and Kalotermitidae, encompassing five sub-families and six genera, with the most notable species being Cryptotermes brevis Walker 1853, Odontotermes javanicus Holmgren, 1912, and Nasutitermes atripennis Haviland, 1898 among others. The Cryptotermes and Odontotermes were the most commonly encountered genera in Minahasa Raya's residential areas.
Polymerase gene mutation pattern in patients of chronic Hepatitis B treatment in Prof. Dr. W.Z. Johannes Hospital, Kupang, Indonesia
Authors: DJUMA AGUSTINA WELHELMINA , DEWU SHERLY , KAMBUNO NORMA TIKU , BANUNU AYORINCE , SILAEN OTTO SAHAT MARTUA
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Djuma AW, Dewu S, Kambuno NT, Banunu A, Silaen OSM. 2024. Polymerase gene mutation pattern in patients of chronic Hepatitis B treatment in Prof. Dr. W.Z. Johannes Hospital, Kupang, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 150-155. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a significant global health concern, impacting over two billion people worldwide. Among them, more than 240 million individuals develop chronic HBV infection, placing them at a high risk of developing severe liver conditions such as cirrhosis, liver failure, and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). In 2013, Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) emerged as one of the Indonesian provinces with a high incidence of hepatitis cases. Long-term therapy has proven effective in halting disease progression but may also lead to the emergence of resistant mutations. This study aims to analyze mutation patterns in the Polymerase (P) gene as indicators of viral resistance to nucleotide analogs (NUCs) in HBV patients at RSUD Prof. Dr. W.Z. Johannes Kupang, a previously unreported case. The research was conducted at the Hematology-Oncology Medical Laboratory Division, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, RS. Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo, Department of Internal Medicine, Jakarta. A total of 28 individual samples with positive Hepatitis B surface Antigen (HBsAg) were subjected to PCR sequencing, resulting in 23 positive samples. Mutation profiles were analyzed by comparing them with the reference sequence M54923. Sequencing of the Polymerase (P) gene region was successfully carried out for 14 samples. Among these, 12 (85.71%) exhibited nucleotide substitutions, while the remaining two (9.14%) did not show any mutations. The most prevalent substitution patterns in the P gene included rtQ228H, rtS127R, rtM135L, rtV243I, rtL257A, rtS127A, rtK323N, rtL326R, rtV214I, rtT312S, rtV281E, rtF290Y, rtM299I, rtQ306H, and rtK308N. No mutations associated with antiviral resistance were detected. The use of NUCs in chronic hepatitis B treatment is considered safe for patients at Prof. Dr. W.Z. Johannes Kupang Hospital.
Assessment of the dynamic growth and potassium solubilization capability of three novel bacteria
Authors: BANGUN IMAM HARTONO , KETAREN BUNGA RAYA , MUNAR ASRITANARNI , SEMBIRING PERDINANTA , NURHAJIJAH NURHAJIJAH , ABDI ANDRI , SITORUS REYZA SUWANTO
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Bangun IH, Ketaren BR, Munar A, Sembiring P, Nurhajijah, Abdi A, Sitorus RS. 2024. Assessment of the dynamic growth and potassium solubilization capability of three novel bacteria. Biodiversitas 25: 177-185. Clay minerals are essential components that play a crucial role in soil cation exchangeable capacity and optimal plant growth. These components, including potassium (K), have the ability to bind with mineral crystals in the soil. Several studies have shown that K-solubilizing bacteria can facilitate the solubility of potassium, leading to optimal availability. However, the use of bacteria as biofertilizers is still limited due to challenges related to survival and growth patterns. To address these challenges, it is important to monitor the growth of the microbes and enhance their selection process to achieve effective utilization. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the bacterial growth dynamics and potential of Burkholderia paludis IHB_01, Burkholderia cepacia IHB_02, and Paraburkholderia phymatum IHB_03 in enhancing soil cation availability on clay minerals. The results showed a common initial adaptation phase among the 3 bacterial strains, followed by distinct exponential growth patterns. Burkholderia cepacia IHB_02 had the longest exponential growth phase, showing efficient resource utilization and extended growth. The results of soil cation enhancement by these bacteria showed that there were no major changes in measured parameters, such as total K, CEC, pH, and organic carbon. Furthermore, the variation in K exchange, organic carbon, and Na exchange provided insights into their unique interactions in the soil. The non-significant impact on potassium-related parameters in this study could be attributed to the presence of antagonistic cation interactions.
Understanding the impact of munia birds (Aves: Passeriformes: Estrildidae) on rice farming: Behavior, distribution, and bioacoustic parameters
Authors: KURNIANTO AGUNG SIH , DEWI NILASARI , HARYADI NANANG TRI , ARMA WILDAN ASSHIDIQI , MAULANA REZA , SARI YURISKA HEPTA , HAMIDAH WANDA , MAGVIRA NUR LAILA , KADAFI AHMAD MUAMMAR
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Kurnianto AS, Dewi N, Haryadi NT, Arma WA, Maulana R, Sari YH, Hamidah W, Magvira NL, Kadafi AM. 2024. Understanding the impact of munia birds (Aves: Passeriformes: Estrildidae) on rice farming: Behavior, distribution, and bioacoustic parameters. Biodiversitas 25: 186-196. Munia birds represent a significant challenge in rice farming. This study investigates the role of Munia birds (Aves: Passeriformes: Estrildidae) within rice agroecosystems. Utilizing point count observation methods in Desa Rowosari, Jember, across two farming models (organic and conventional), we assessed the behavior, population distribution, and bioacoustic parameters of Munia species. A total of 3820 Munia individuals were documented: 2187 Javan Munia (Lonchura leucogastroides Moore, 1858), 1214 Scaly-breasted Munia (Lonchura punctulate Linnaeus, 1758), and 419 White-capped Munia (Lonchura ferruginosa Sparrman, 1789). Bioacoustic recordings were conducted using the TASCAM DR 60D recorder, complemented by statistical tests in SPSS 16.0 and visual data representations via Matplotlib and Seaborn libraries. Findings revealed that Munias inflict damages ranging from 10.85% to 30% on rice crops. Notably, JM's bioacoustic bandwidth displayed adaptability between organic and conventional cultivation environments (P value=0.0129). In terms of population distribution, SbM has the highest population density on conventional (density=22.38), JM has the highest density on organic (density-32.55). Passing through activity is more observed in both types of organic and conventional management models. Scaly-breasted Munia dominates in three time groups, both in the morning (x ?= 224.75), mid day (x ?= 163.75), and afternoon (x ?= 198.25). However, PCA depiction indicates that the activity of passing through is dominated by JM.  JM and SbM are depicted gathering in the center, indicating a similar average relationship between populations. While Munias pose potential threats as pests, their absence could surge insect populations, underscoring their ecological significance. This study accentuates the importance of an informed management strategy, considering Munia's multifaceted impact on agroecosystems.
Plant biodiversity and people’s behavior on environmental conservation in Pabelan Islamic Boarding School, Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: NAZAR IRFAN ABU , SUTARNO SUTARNO , MUDOFIR MUDOFIR , SUNARTO SUNARTO
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Nazar IA, Sutarno, Mudofir, Sunarto. 2024. Plant biodiversity and people’s behavior on environmental conservation in Pabelan Islamic Boarding School, Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 232-239. Pabelan Islamic Boarding School is a modern educational institution committed to religious-based environmental education. The landscape of this Islamic boarding school is designed to contribute to the preservation of the surrounding environment. This study aims to determine plant diversity and behavioral patterns in environmental conservation in Pabelan Islamic Boarding School, Magelang District, Central Java, Indonesia. Vegetation analysis was conducted by inventory of tree species planted in the area of the school. Analysis of the behavior patterns was carried out using observation, interviews with the clerics (kiai), teacher (ustaz) and staff, and questionnaires to students. The result of vegetation analysis showed that Pabelan Islamic boarding school has a moderate level of flora diversity with a Shannon-Wiener index (H’: 2.597). This is because the management of the school has a unique way of maintaining flora biodiversity by requiring every new student to bring unique or rare plant seeds from their hometown. The Kiai and teacher at the school have progressive thoughts about the human's relationship with God and nature. Human is God's representative who is obliged to maintain the environment and natural elements including biodiversity. The students generally have adequate awareness and concern for the environment and sustainability which is largely influenced by the figure of the Kiai. The findings of this study imply that Islamic boarding school (pesantren) can play essential role in practicing and raising awareness of sustainable environmental management and biodiversity conservation.
Species composition of Bactrocera fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) and their parasitoids on horticultural commodities in Batu City and Malang District, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: SETIAWAN YOGO , HAMDOEN FADEL MUHAMMAD , MUHAMMAD FAIZ NASHIRUDDIN , HATA KUNIHIKO , TARNO HAGUS , WANG JIANGUO
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Setiawan Y, Hamdoen FM, Muhammad FN, Hata K, Tarno H, Wang J. 2024. Species composition of Bactrocera fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) and their parasitoids on horticultural commodities in Batu City and Malang District, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 305-311. Bactrocera Macquart, 1835 fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) are among the most important pests in horticultural commodities worldwide, including horticultural crops in Indonesia. Trapping is suggested to control, eradicate, and suppress fruit flies. The presence of natural enemies is a very important factor in the indicators of agroecosystem balance. This study aimed to monitor the species composition of Bactrocera fruit flies and their parasitoids in several horticultural commodities such as apples, large chili, red guava, sweet citrus, and tomatoes in Batu City and Malang District. Trapping and host-rearing methods were used in this research. A total of 7,124 individuals of Bactrocera were collected using a Steiner trap baited with methyl eugenol. They consisted of six species: Bactrocera carambolae Drew & Hancock, 1994; Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett, 1899); Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel, 1912); Bactrocera verbascifoliae Drew & Hancock, 1994; Bactrocera papayae Drew & Hancock, 1994; and Bactrocera umbrosa (Fabricius, 1805). The B. carambolae, B. dorsalis, and B. papayae were the three predominant species collected using Steiner traps baited with methyl eugenol. Based on the host-rearing method, B. carambolae and B. dorsalis were found in red guava fruit. Only one parasitoid species, Opius sp., was found in red guava fruit. These results provide valuable insights into the distribution of Bactrocera on horticultural commodities in Batu City and Malang District and the potential challenges regarding parasitoid presence.