bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contar, falar e escrever números, manipular algoritmos: significa compreensão do Sistema de Numeração Decimal?
Authors: Brandt Celia Finck , Camargo Joseli Almeida
Published: February 2021

A pesquisa intervenção visa investigar a compreensão das crianças de 3ª e 4ª série, dos professores em serviço e das alunas do magistério, do valor posicional presente no Sistema de Numeração Decimal (S.N.D.). Tem por objetivos: identificar a compreensão dos sujeitos da estrutura de base dez; verificar as possibilidades para a construção da composição aditiva; avaliar as interferências dos rótulos verbais na construção da composição aditiva; identificar a compreensão da representação escrita correlacionada à compreensão do valor posicional; e interferir com proposições de situações de aprendizagem que permitam a compreensão significativa de todos os sujeitos envolvidos. A investigação compreendeu 14 testes propostos a crianças de 3ª e 4ª série de escolas públicas de Ponta Grossa, aplicados pelas pesquisadoras com acompanhamento dos professores regentes. As análises dos desempenhos apresentados foram efetuadas pelas pesquisadoras, professores regentes das turmas participantes, acadêmicos do Curso de Licenciatura em Matemática da Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa (UEPG) e alunas do Curso de Magistério 4º ano. O procedimento metodológico de pesquisa compreendeu o método clínico piagetiano para o tratamento dos dados coletados. Alguns resultados já obtidos permitirão apontar como envolver diretamente o professor de sala de aula em pesquisa, não entendida aqui como pesquisa acadêmica, mas como possibilitadora de explicitação de representações próprias e dos outros.
Considerações sobre a interdisciplinaridade como necessidade no campo da Educação
Authors: Savelli Esméria de Lourdes
Published: February 2021

O presente texto tem por objetivo discutir criticamente a posição assumidapor FAZENDA no seu livro: Interdisipinaridade: História, Teoria e Pesquisa.Campinas:Papirus,1995.
CLINICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF COLONIC ILEUS FROM OBSTRUCTIVE COLORECTAL CANCER. ACTUAL CHARACTERISTICS
Authors:   Department of General, Visceral and Emergency Surgery, UMHATEM “N. I. Pirogov” – Sofia, Bulgaria., Kostov Konstantin
Published: February 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the possible change in the characteristics of patients with colonic ileus from obstructive colorectal cancer in UMHATEM "N. Pirogov ". Material and Methods: For two separate periods of 2 years in the Department of General, Visceral and Emergency Surgery in University Hospital "N. I. Pirogov" from ileus caused by colorectal carcinoma were operated respectively: Group A (1.1.2010-31.12.2011) - 187 patients (average 71.2 years, women were 88, men 99) Group B (1.1.2014-31.12.2015) - 141 patients (average 73.5 years, women were 69, men 72). Results: In group B there was an increase in the infected patients at an earlier stage. There was no significant difference in the localization of the tumor process in the two groups. In contrast to the increased number of patients hospitalized at an earlier ileus stage, there was no difference in the two groups according to the tumor stage. Conclusions: Emergency surgery is indicated for cases with full bowel obstruction and significant prediction of rupture. Surgery procedure like proximal colostomy is reccomended for elderly patients and complicated comorbidity. Primary procedure like segmental and subtotal colectomy is appropriate for patients in good condition. Segmental resection is favorable in elderly patients and those with shock who may not tolerate lengthy surgery.
Digital Technologies in L2 teaching-learning in Brazil: A Critical Content Analysis
Authors: Leão Roberta Gomes , Finardi Kyria Rebeca
Published: February 2021

The aim of this study is to reflect about the view of digital technologies in L2 teaching-learning. With that aim, a content analysis study was carried out in the Brazilian database of theses and dissertations defended between 2015 and 2019 to analyze the view of technologies in the area of L2 teaching-learning. Drawing on the Critical Theory concept of semiformation and content analysis techniques, the view/use of technologies in L2 teaching-learning was analyzed in the corpus of 22 works. Results suggest challenges in the advancement of research and critical use of technologies in L2 teaching-learning in Brazil once few studies promoted a reflexive dialogue with the participants in order make them think about the critical use of technologies in L2 teaching-learning. The study concludes with the suggestion for more investment in the human formation process through the critical use of technologies in the teaching-learning of L2.
Examining Teachers’ Beliefs on Developing a Digital Pedagogical Framework Based on the SAMR Model for Undergraduate English Language Learning
Authors: Al-Khalidi Iman
Published: February 2021

Nowadays, technology is considered as an integral rather than a supplementary aspect of high-quality education within the area of TESOL. Accordingly, English language teachers need to be equipped with effective ways to integrate technology into instructional practices not only for enhancing academic outcomes but for confronting the challenges of dealing with the digital native students as well. The purpose of this case study is to examine teachers’ beliefs on technology integration into pedagogy based on the measurement of the SAMR (Substitution, Augmentation, Modification, and Redefinition) model. Results of data analysis show teachers’ high frequency of technology integration at the Substitution and Augmentation levels compared to the advanced levels of Modification and Redefinition. The study resulted in a recommended SAMR based framework that may help English language teachers move towards effective technology integration that may lead to a more effective learning environment.
Shear strength requirements
Authors: Paulay T.
Published: February 2021

This paper is the resuIt of deliberations of the Society's discussion group on seismic design of ductile moment resisting reinforced concrete frames.
Strong motion seismology
Authors: Hudson D. E.
Published: February 2021

Strong motion accelerographs and data processing systems for the measurement of strong ground motion of damaging earthquakes are described with some comments on future developments. Some information is given on the earthquakes and instrumentation sites for which important records have been obtained. Studies of the areal distribution of ground motions during earthquakes are discussed in terms of transmission path effects. Some speculations are advanced concerning the establishment of limiting values of earthquake ground motions.
Slenderness effects in earthquake resisting frames
Authors: Andrews A. L.
Published: February 2021

This study discusses lateral flexibility and displacement ductility controls which, if observed, will ensure that frame P-delta effects never become significant and so can be ignored. The controls are shown to be not too dissimilar from controls applied for other purposes. Thus they are tolerable. The study is linked to the New Zealand design rules. An appendix extends it to U.S. rules.
Reinforced concrete beam-column joints for seismic loading
Authors: Fenwick R. C. , Irvine H. M.
Published: February 2021

The results of tests on four beam-column joint specimens are reported. It is shown that a joint which contained bond plates to prevent a bond failure of the flexural reinforcement in the joint, and was proportioned to limit yielding of the steel in this zone, had a markedly superior performance to specimens designed to comply with the ACI-318-71 code, or the proposals of May 1976 for the revision of the N.Z. Ministry of Works and Development code of practice for the design of public buildings (PW 81/10/1).
Code philosophy
Authors: Glogau O. A.
Published: February 2021

This lecture presents background information on the philosophical framework within which some of the more important decisions were made and which led to the final proposal for the seismic provisions for New Zealand NZS 4203 "Code of Practice for General Structural Design and Design Loadings". Aspects of ductility and seismic design coefficients for various types of structure are considered with illustrations to show how the new code covers the necessary design requirements. The design principles lying behind the code requirements are discussed, particularly for concrete frame and shear wall type structures. The interaction between earthquake motion of the subsoil and motion of the structure is also discussed. A number on unresolved problems are highlighted, particularly those concerned with short period structures, long acceleration seismic pulses, the damping-amplification relationship and mathematical modelling. Overseas codes are compared showing latest developments and illustrating the wide range of values used for the basic requirement. The lecture concludes with a consideration of likely future development and the manner in which the code is likely to be updated in the future.
Dynamic aspects of the code for the design of earthquake resistant buildings
Authors: Skinner R. I.
Published: February 2021

A brief review is given of the most important aspects of the dynamic behaviour of buildings, during elastic and inelastic deformations under earthquake loads, which must be considered for the effective utilization of the NZS 4203 "Code of Practice for General Structural Design and Design Loadings".
Seismic torsional effects on buildings
Authors: Elms D. G.
Published: February 2021

This paper gives the background to the seismic torsional provisions of the New Zealand Loadings Code. These provisions attempt to deal with three effects: accidental eccentricity, torsional ground motion, and coupling between torsional and translational modes. The first two effects lead to an effective eccentricity of one-tenth of the width of a building, while the third leads to a parabolic function of the calculated eccentricity: this was obtained by applying existing results for torsional amplification to a number of typical building structures.
Accelerograph recordings of the Musa earthquake, 16 September, 1972
Authors: Gaull B.
Published: February 2021

On 16 September, 1972 at 04 15 09.8 UT an earthquake of magnitude ML 5.0 occurred in southeast Papua within about 20 km of a proposed dam site on the Musa River. The earthquake triggered two accelerographs, Musa A and Musa B, one at the crest and one at the base of the dam site. The peak ground accelerations recorded by the accelerographs were 1.85 m/s2 and 0.39 m/s2 respectively; the peak ground velocities were 87 mm/s and 2.0 mm/s; and the corresponding mean periods of the ground motion were about 0.23 and 0.04 s. The difference in the nature of the accelerograms is attributed to the difference in the geological and topographical settings of the accelerograph sites. The upper site has an elevation of 406 m and consists of about 60 m of weathered sediments overlying fresh ultramafics. The lower site has an elevation of 112 m and consists of an outcrop of the ultramafic complex.
Masonry infill panels subjected to cyclic in-plane loading
Authors: Leuchars J. M. , Scrivener J. C.
Published: February 2021

The presence of an infill panel within a frame greatly increases the stiffness of the structure as compared with the bare frame but in the process a less ductile and a degrading stiffness behaviour is obtained. Although the panel may be isolated from the frame, there are many instances where this is not the case and so a study of the behaviour of infill-panel frames subjected to the large lateral loads and deformations associated with earthquakes is essential.
Intensities
Authors: Eiby G. A.
Published: February 2021

Seismology didn't start with the invention of the seismograph. Among its earlier successes was the idea of felt intensity and, since neither magnitudes nor recorded ground accelerations have given us satisfactory measures of the destructive powers of an earthquake, intensity scales have lingered on, treated with suspicion, abused, and a prey to curious revisions by belated successors to Adolfo Cancani.
Consequences of earthquake prediction on other adjustments to earthquakes
Authors: Haas J. E. , Mileti D. S.
Published: February 2021

Earthquake prediction is a new technology soon to be added to the other adjustments which can be used by a community to cope with the earthquake hazard. Governmental and business organisations will be faced with new challenges when a specific earthquake prediction is issued for their area. Research on organisational response to such a prediction indicates that there will be significant positive and negative consequences. With an extended lead time of several years the risk of death and injury can be brought to near zero but the resulting local economic recession will be of major proportions.
Moment redistribution in continuous beams of earthquake resistant multistorey reinforced concrete frames
Authors: Paulay T.
Published: February 2021

To allow a more uniform and efficient distribution of load resistance in reinforced concrete frames that may be subjected to seismic excitation well beyond the range of elastic response, the concepts of moment redistribution, well known from the plastic design of steel structures,  are re-examined. The aims of moment redistribution, with particular reference to earthquake loading, are stated and relevant terms are defined. To allow advantageous but statically admissible adjustments of moments, derived from an elastic analysis, to be made, the requirements of equilibrium and lateral load resistance are assembled into a set of simple rules. Certain limits for redistribution, which appear to be reasonable  in the light of existing provisions for structural ductility, and yet are not too restrictive, are proposed. A technique, involving simple graphic manipulations well suited for design office use, is suggested and with the aid of an example its application is shown in detail.
Statistical estimates of the likelihood of earthquake shaking throughout New Zealand
Authors: Smith W. D.
Published: February 2021

The historical record of earthquakes can be used to estimate the probability that any particular locality will be shaken by earthquakes  in the future. This approach assumes that the past record is representative of what will happen in the future, an assumption which, while not valid for long-term estimates, can be used to estimate return periods of the order of the length of the historical record or less. Intensity is chosen as the parameter which best describes the totality  of earthquake shaking. Formulae relating intensity to the magnitude of  the earthquake, its location and that of the observer are developed.  The complex structure of New Zealand demands three attenuation patterns, each characteristic of a distinct source region. The historical record  of earthquake occurrence is then examined, models fitted to the statistical population of intensities likely to have been observed at each of a grid of sites throughout the country, and the parameters of these models expressed in terms of the mean return periods for intensities equalling or exceeding MM VI, VII, VIII and IX.
Architecture therapy: principles of designing and shaping space in centres for cancer patients,
based on the architecture of Maggie's Centres
Authors: Gronostajska Joanna , Czajka Roman
Published: February 2021

This paper presents a study on the architecture created for the needs of Maggie's, a charity organisation, whose main aim since 1995 has been the creation of facilities (centres) for the short-term stay of cancer patients and their families without accommodation options. The main purpose of Maggie's facilities is to provide patients and their loved ones with a sense of home security and peace during hospital therapies. This paper discusses several centres, located all over the world, as well as the features of shaping space common to the presented examples as determined. Their architectural layouts were analysed with a focus on patient needs and activity. Based on the designs of Maggie's Centres, we identified basic principles of design and interior arrangement that can be used in other medical buildings and those that require their patients to maintain a high degree of psychophysical comfort. This paper presents evidence of the importance of a homely atmosphere in healthcare settings.
Die geförderte ausschreibungsbasierte Direktvermarktung nach dem EEG 2021
Authors: Steingrüber Yves
Published: February 2021

From a factual and legal perspective, the Renewable Energy Law is the catalyst for the energy transition. Comparable to the volatility of wind and photovoltaics, the legal framework is also changing. The final cesura was initiated with the introduction of a promoted tender-based direct marketing. This new approach will be for the first time subject to a comprehensive analysis. After an introduction to the technical and economic foundations, the author analyses and evaluates the normative framework under the EEG 2021. Subsequently boundaries of European- and constitutional law are elaborated.
Die rechtliche Behandlung subventionierender Mobilfunkverträge
Authors: Davids Bruno
Published: February 2021

The work examines subsidizing mobile phone contracts. This is the business model of offering consumers a cheaper mobile phone for entering a two-year mobile phone contract. The thesis analyzes its legal treatment, and opposes the frequently used classification as a consumer loan in the form of an other nongratuitous financing assistance. Another main focus is the investigation of the effect of infringements of contractual obligations in one of the two contracts on the other contract in the case of such combined offers. Since sales promotion with discounts is used in all areas of the B2C business, the findings of this thesis are of wider importance beyond mobile phone contracts.
Die Creative Commons-Lizenzen 4.0
Authors: Horlacher Sebastian
Published: February 2021

The thesis examines the Creative Commons Licenses 4.0 and the CC Zero 1.0 license using the example of granting rights of use for university teaching.

It analyses to what extent these model license agreements are compatible with the requirements of German copyright and contract law and whether they create suitable framework conditions for rights of use materials for educational materials that meet the goals of the Open Educational Resources movement. Open Educational Resources are seen by education policy actors as a tool to facilitate access to high-quality educational materials and thus contribute to educational equity.
Der unionsrechtliche Verhältnismäßigkeitsgrundsatz als Grenze der Rückforderung unionsrechtswidriger mitgliedstaatlicher Beihilfen
Authors: Goffart Patrick
Published: February 2021

The European Commission continues to disregard the principle of proportionality as one of the limitations of the recovery order and refers to the consistent decision practice of the European Court of Justice, according to which the recovery of unlawfully granted aid cannot in principle be regarded as a disproportionate measure. The aim of this publication is to answer the question, whether, despite the principles established by the ECJ, the principle of proportionality as a limitation of the recovery order must be examined individually and cannot always be denied simply by referring to the “logical consequence” of the unlawful aid.
On the genus Stephostethus LeConte, 1878 (Coleoptera: Latridiidae: Latridiinae) from Taiwan, with descriptions of two new species
Authors: Ho Yu-Hsiang , Rücker Wolfgang H. , Chan Mei-Ling
Published: February 2021

The genus Stephostethus LeConte, 1878 of minute brown scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Latridiidae: Latridiinae) is recorded from Taiwan for the first time, which extends the southernmost boundary of this genus in the Palaearctic realm. Two new species, S. taiwanus sp. nov. and S. yuanfengensis sp. nov., and one new record, S. chinensis (Reitter, 1877), are described in this study. A taxonomic key to the three species of this genus in Taiwan is also provided. The distributions, habitats and collecting methods of these three species, as well as the structure of the genital segments of this genus are discussed.
Tribute to Robert H. Wagner
Authors: Álvarez-Vázquez Carmen , Knight John A , Cleal Christopher J
Published: February 2021

This volume was conceived by a number of ex-research student of Dr. Robert H. Wagner (“Bob” Wagner) as a tribute to this extensive contribution to the Earth Sciences. It includes contribution by mane of his research colleagues, former students, and others whose work has been greatly influenced by him. Inevitably, the range of work presented in this volume tends to reflect Bob Wagner’s interests and research in palaeontology and stratigraphy. However, support and best whose have also been proffered by others who have worked with him in fields as diverse as sedimentology, and structural and regional interpretation.
The international significance of the like work of Bob Wagner has been recognised by the investiture in 1984 as Doctor “Honoris Causa” by the University of Córdoba and by the award of the Gold Metal of the Karlovy University, Prague, in 1988. The scope and significance of his processional work has been acknowledged frequently in international publications by his students, colleagues and collaborator. However, by the publication of the present dedicatory volume the editors and contributions wish to place on record the depth of appreciation, both personal and professional, which the geological community shares in recognising the life work of Dr. Robert H. Wagner.
Complex structures of Rsu1 and PINCH1 reveal a regulatory mechanism of the ILK/PINCH/Parvin complex for F-actin dynamics
Authors: Yang Haibin , Lin Leishu , Sun Kang , Zhang Ting , Chen Wan , Li Lianghui , Xie Yuchen , Wu Chuanyue , Wei Zhiyi , Yu Cong
Published: February 2021

Communications between actin filaments and integrin-mediated focal adhesion (FA) are crucial for cell adhesion and migration. As a core platform to organize FA proteins, the tripartite ILK/PINCH/Parvin (IPP) complex interacts with actin filaments to regulate the cytoskeleton-FA crosstalk. Rsu1, a Ras suppressor, is enriched in FA through PINCH1 and plays important roles in regulating F-actin structures. Here, we solved crystal structures of the Rsu1/PINCH1 complex, in which the leucine-rich-repeats of Rsu1 form a solenoid structure to tightly associate with the C-terminal region of PINCH1. Further structural analysis uncovered that the interaction between Rsu1 and PINCH1 blocks the IPP-mediated F-actin bundling by disrupting the binding of PINCH1 to actin. Consistently, overexpressing Rsu1 in HeLa cells impairs stress fiber formation and cell spreading. Together, our findings demonstrated that Rsu1 is critical for tuning the communication between F-actin and FA by interacting with the IPP complex and negatively modulating the F-actin bundling.
A kingdom in decline: Holocene range contraction of the lion (Panthera leo) modelled with global environmental stratification
Authors: Cooper David M. , Dugmore Andrew J. , Kitchener Andrew C. , Metzger Marc J. , Trabucco Antonio
Published: February 2021

Aim

We use ecological niche models and environmental stratification of palaeoclimate to reconstruct the changing range of the lion (Panthera leo) during the late Pleistocene and Holocene.

Location

The modern (early 21st century) range of the lion extends from southern Africa to the western Indian Subcontinent, yet through the 20th century this range has been drastically reduced in extent and become increasingly fragmented as a result of human impacts.

Methods

We use Global Environmental Stratification with MaxEnt ecological niche models to map environmental suitability of the lion under current and palaeoclimatic scenarios. By examining modelled lion range in terms of categorical environmental strata, we characterise suitable bioclimatic conditions for the lion in a descriptive manner.

Results

We find that lion habitat suitability has reduced throughout the Holocene, controlled by pluvial/interpluvial cycles. The aridification of the Sahara  6ka dramatically reduced lion range throughout North Africa. The association of Saharan aridification with the development of pastoralism and the growth of sedentary communities, who practised animal husbandry, would have placed additional and lasting anthropogenic pressures on the lion.

Main Conclusions

This research highlights the need to integrate the full effects of the fluctuating vegetation and desiccation of the Sahara into palaeoclimatic models, and provides a starting point for further continental-scale analyses of shifting faunal ranges through North Africa and the Near East during the Holocene. This scale of ecological niche modelling does not explain the current pattern of genetic variation in the lion, and we conclude that narrow but substantial physical barriers, such as rivers, have likely played a major role in population vicariance throughout the Late Pleistocene.
Surgical Treatment of Eagle Syndrome by Intraoral Approach: A Case Report
Authors: Klaus Aline Evelin Costa , Caetano Rafael Da Silva , Silva Everton Josè , Barros Rodrigo Lacerda , Volpato Luiz Evaristo Ricci
Published: February 2021

Eagle Syndrome is the sensation of presence of a foreign body along with pain in the oropharynx and face that is exacerbated by swallowing, chewing and yawning due to the elongation of the styloid process. Its aetiology is usually tonsillectomy or throat injury. The associated pathological feature is the compression of neurovascular structures surrounding the styloid process due to its lengthening. In this report, a case of 37-year-old female presenting with Eagle syndrome treated surgically by intraoral approach is presented. Computed tomography showed hyperdense bilateral areas in the regions of styloid processes suggestive of elongated styloid processes. The patient underwent general anaesthesia due to the possibility of airway obstruction during the procedure and the proximity of important neurovascular structures. In the region of the tonsillar pillars, electrocautery and tissue dissection was performed and the styloid processes were accessed. The electrocautery incisions were placed in the region of the tonsillar pillars, surrounding tissues were dissected to expose the styloid processes in oral cavity. With Kelly forceps, the styloid processes were fractured and removed. The surgical treatment with intraoral approach provided definitive treatment of the Eagle syndrome quickly, without causing obvious scarring and favouring the patient’s recovery.
Concurrent Occurrence of Bilateral Hypodontia and Microdontia in a Nonsyndromic Paediatric Patient: A Case Report
Authors: Anjali PG , Varma Balagopal , Kumar J Suresh , Kumaran Parvathy , Xavier Arun Mamachan
Published: February 2021

Hypodontia is a developmental dental anomaly defined as the absence of one or more primary or permanent teeth excluding third molars. It can be associated with syndrome or nonsyndromic condition accompanied with other developmental dental anomalies like microdontia. Bilateral occurrence of hypodontia alongside microdontia is a rare condition. This case report presents a rare occurrence of bilateral hypodontia and microdontia in a nonsyndromic patient. Owing to its nonsyndromic background, other parameters like developmental delay, height, weight and body mass index are used as the predicting factors for the occurrence of hypodontia. Developmental milestones are one of the important factors in deriving the treatment plan. Treatment options in this case were directed at delaying the treatment until the eruption of the permanent successor teeth followed by the use of mini-implants for hypodontia, porcelain jacket crown for microdontia and the orthodontic treatment for final space closure.
Push-Out Bond Strength of MTA as Root Canal Sealer: A Systematic Review
Authors: Chandak Manoj , Rathi Chanchal , Chandak Madhulika
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Endodontic treatment includes different phases like controlling the growth of microorganism, thorough cleaning and shaping and fluid-tight seal. Sealer plays an important role in Root Canal Treatment (RCT). Sealer fills the space between filling material and dentin. Sealer also acts as a lubricant. Sealer has ability to fill the spaces and prevent microleakege from the root canal. Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) is a calcium silicate based sealer which has high radiopacity, low solubility and good antibacterial activity. Aim: To evaluate push-out bond strength of MTA as a root canal sealer. Materials and Methods: Studies which were published in English, studies with different years of publication were included. Studies which includes bond strength of MTA as Endodontic Sealer to dentinal wall were also included. Studies used in this review were in-vitro studies and clinical trials. Studies showing tissue toxicity, biocompatibility of MTA were excluded. Also, case reports and in-vivo studies were excluded. All abstracts as well as full texts were studied. PubMed/Medline, Web of Science and Scopus were used for this study. Keywords used were “root canal sealer”, “push-out bond strength”, “MTA”. Total 18 articles were collected. But only five articles fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. So only five articles were included in this study and discussed in detail. Results: According to the results, of articles which were chosen for this study stated that MTA can be used as an endodontic sealer though it shows lesser push-out bond strength when compared with different newer sealers. Conclusion: In this systematic review, only one in-vitro study showed that Proroot MTA used as root canal sealer exhibits high push-out bond strength than other sealers like MTA Fillapex sealer and AH plus sealer. While MTA Fillapex show lesser push-out bond strength in comparison with other sealers like Proroot MTA sealer, AH plus, Endo CPM sealer. So this systematic review partially fulfills the hypothesis as it gives a utility of Proroot MTA as a root canal sealer.
Prevalence of Oral Microbial Flora during Orthodontic Space Closure: A Pilot Study
Authors: Selvaraj Abirami , Felicita Sumathi , Girija Smiline
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances especially during the retraction stage makes it challenging to maintain the oral hygiene. Attachments used, such as elastic chains, loops and springs, result in changes in the oral environment due to the accumulation of plaque and increase in the levels of bacterial count mainly Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacilli species. Aim: To determine the prevalence of oral microbial flora during orthodontic space closure. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional pilot study conducted during the month of December 2019 which consisted of eight patients who were randomly selected among the age group of 18-25 years. Mean and SD of age in Males (4) and Females (4) were 22±2.16 years and 22.25±1.70 years, respectively and had reported to the Department of Orthodontics of a private dental college, Saveetha Dental College. In each patient, after 6-8 months of orthodontic treatment, plaque samples were collected only once around the orthodontic brackets at the cervical aspect of the maxillary lateral incisor, maxillary premolar, mandibular canine, mandibular premolar in 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th quadrant respectively, by the method of cotton swabbing for the evaluation of micro flora. Independent paired t-test and One-way ANOVA with Post-hoc Tukey HSD test were done to estimate the prevalence of microorganisms at different sites. Results: Independent paired t-test showed highly significant differences in the levels of Streptococcus mutans when compared to Lactobacillus (p<0.001) with mean values of 4.8±2.5 and 23.1±9.2 for Streptococcus and Lactobacillus, respectively. One-way ANOVA with Post-hoc Turkey HSD analysis showed significant difference at the region of maxillary lateral incisor compared to other sites whereas Lactobacillishowed no significant differences between the various sites tested (p-value<0.001). Kappa statistics was performed which revealed an inter examiner reliability of 0.91. Conclusion: During orthodontic space closure, bacterial count of Streptococcus mutans showed a statistically significant difference between different sites (maxillary lateral incisor, mandibular canines, maxillary and mandibular premolars) with highest being the maxillary incisor region followed by that of mandibular canines. However, the incidence of Lactobacillusacidophilus did not show any difference between the various sites evaluated.
Factors Influencing Consumers’ Purchasing Behaviour on Exotic Vegetables in Coimbatore City
Authors: Palaniappan Velumani , Radhakrishnan Balaji
Published: February 2021

Scope of the Study: The purpose of this paper is to understand factors influencing consumer behavior in purchasing exotic vegetables in Coimbatore city.

Design/Methodology/Approach: A total of 125 respondents were personally surveyed with a well-constructed and pre-screened interview schedule. The sample constitutes both the female and male consumers those purchase exotic vegetables in markets and as well as organized retail stores like Reliance Fresh, SPAR, Nilgiris, Pazhamuthir Nilaiyam. These respondents are spread across  the well-developed Coimbatore city. Simple statistical analyses such as descriptive analysis, factor analysis, and analysis of variance to assess the factor influencing consumers’ purchasing of exotic vegetables were carried out.

Findings: Findings of the study indicate that the exotic vegetable purchase decision was majorly done by female consumers. The people of the age group of 21-30 years were highly interested   in purchasing exotic vegetables. A higher level of education and higher income groups prefer exotic vegetables in their food habit. The result of the factor analysis of various attributes of exotic vegetables indicated that 66.65% accounting for four factors that include value aspect, health-oriented, lifestyle & external information, and quality prospects of vegetables.

Research Limitations:  It is limited to the data collected through the framed and closed-ended questionnaire. The study being a primary one, the accuracy and reliability of data depend upon the information provided by the respondents. The respondent’s views and opinions may hold  good for the time being and may vary in future

Practical Implication: The result of the respondents based on various socio-demographic profiles and product factors will help the farmers/retailers to understand the needs of consumers  in the emerging market of exotic vegetables in a better way.

Originality/Value: The study topic is relatively less researched in terms of consumer perspectives and also it has a wide scope among consumers. It has emerging market growth, especially where organized retail stores and its still early stage.
A Study on Essential Aspects of Human Resource Management Curriculum in Universities: Stakeholders' Expectations
Authors: Fernando W. S. K. , Senevirathne H. B. M. C. , Jayasekara M. K. V. R. , Sumanarathne W. G. G. M. J. , Pathirana G. Y. , Weerarathne R. S.
Published: February 2021

Selecting a specialization area is the most important and the most difficult decision that undergraduates ever made in their life. It is not only affect to their academic life but also for future personal life. There are number of specializations related to the Business Administration undergraduate degree program and Human Resource Management [1] also one of the significant area which undergraduate can select as their specialization. This paper refers to identify essential aspects of HRM to be included in the curriculum. Data collection was based on primary data which was collected through telephone interview method. The convenience sampling method was used to select eight industrial professionals and lecturers in respective area. The NVivo software have been used to analyze the data gathered from interviews. The findings of the present study suggest that modules in existing HRM undergraduate curriculum should be developed and there is a necessity of adding some new modules/ subjects/ core subjects in practical way. It was significantly identified that modern and digitalized HR practices, some practical sessions should be added to the existing HRM educational curriculum. As an implication of the study, the results will be offered as a guidance for the people who are engaging in HRM education system in order to understand the course content of the degree program and this concept recognized key aspects towards the high quality instruction for the development of HRM curriculum. This study recommends future researchers to increase the sample size and gather data even from HRM undergraduates rather than industrial professionals and lecturers.
Public Perception of Climate Change Impact on Human Health in Trans Amadi Area of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Stanley H. O. , Bestmann P. T. , Ugboma C. J.
Published: February 2021

This study examined the public perception of climate change impact on human health risks in Trans Amadi area of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. An in-depth questionnaire on public perception of climate change and possible implications on human health was administered to participants within Trans Amadi area of Port Harcourt and their corresponding responses were analyzed and discussed. Demography of respondents showed 44% are male while 56% are females. On the educational level of respondents, the survey showed that 3% had just primary school education, 41% had up to secondary school education, 52% had acquired tertiary education and just 2% had non-formal education or are uneducated. Survey on respondents understanding and perception on climate change showed 85% - 93% response on awareness; 77% completely agreed that climate change poses a threat for the people around the world and that climate change is caused by human activities and the global temperature has changed compared to previous decades; 59% of the respondents somewhat agreed that the temperature within Trans Amadi region has changed drastically while 44% believes that climate change is only because of the pollution from industries within the area. A preponderance of the respondents (78%) strongly believed that climate change impacts most on vector borne diseases / infectious disease; 75% strongly believed that it causes shortage in food supply, 57% strongly believed it causes air pollutants while 45% strongly believed it impacts heavily on storm and flooding. There was a generally high awareness of the causes and effects of climate change among the respondents. Therefore compliance to reduce emission of gases that lead to global warming should be enforced in all areas and sectors of the economy and green approaches should be adopted in all that we do as humans.
Philately’s Implications in Ecological Education via Romanian Thematic Joint Issues (IV)- Regarding the 2nd Collaboration with WWF
Authors: Cioruța Bogdan-Vasile , Pop Alexandru Leonard , Coman Mirela
Published: February 2021

The project to promote the protected natural heritage and biodiversity continues with the 2nd collaboration of the Romanian postal administration with the World Wildlife Fund. Introducing in the scientific circulation the idea of thematic philately, for the protection of endangered species, this time we focused on the issue published in 1984. This is suggestively entitled “Animals protected in the Romanian reservations”. It should be mentioned that, at the end of 1984, the national thematic philately was enriched, with a series of postage stamps promoting pelicans. The philatelic issue comes to the public to confirm that in Romania (more exactly in Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve) there is the largest colony of common pelicans in Europe. The research emphasizes the mass character of thematic philately and its role as a cultural ambassador. The 1984 philatelic issue, underlines the implications of WWF, along with those of the Romanian postal administration, in promoting the natural capital to be protected. The issue itself has many philatelic effects (especially maximum postcards), both those made privately and officially, which we insisted. We wanted to show that such philatelic materials, made in collaboration with prestigious entities, are more than welcome in sounding the alarm about habitat alteration. Also, they can be the basis of various conservation strategies in terms of adequate information among tourists.
Status and Speciation of Silicon and Its Interaction with Physico-Chemical Properties
Authors: Efenudu Isaiah Ufuoma , Orhue Ehi Robert , Ikeh Ogochukwu Jennifer , Erhayimwen Michael Aimiesomon , James Blessing
Published: February 2021

The effectiveness of three different extractants soil mixtures—HCl, HCl + H2S04, and DTPA-TEA, in order to determine Si from soil and the forms of Silicon as influenced by different parent materials under acidic medium.

Seven forms of Silicon; namely water soluble, specifically adsorbed, oxides bound, organic matter bound, exchangeable, residual, total viz sequential fractionation.

Extractable Si value established in this study was (50.0 mg kg-1), indicating negative effect on plant physiology. The physico-chemical properties decreased significantly with increase in soil depth vs soil parent materials. In addition, the forms of Si in the parent materials decreased in the pattern RES, bound residual fractions > EXC, soluble & exchangeable fractions > OM, organic matter fraction.

Among the properties the silt fraction, pH & OM significantly and positively correlated with the forms of silicon, with negative correlation vs clay which maybe due to silicon adsorption by clayey fraction of the soil (redox). Therefore the soil maybe be maintained and conserved for farming activities.
Effect of Silica Fertilizer to Growth and Yield of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Jajar Legowo Method
Authors: Sartika Yulia , Syarif Auzar , Dwipa Indra
Published: February 2021

Aims: The research aimed to study the interaction between Jajar Legowo method and silica fertilizer doses to growth and yield of rice.

Study Design: Factorial design in Completely randomized design

Place and Duration of Study: The research was conducted in farmer’s rice field in Linggo Sari Baganti, Pesisir Selatan, West Sumatera, Indonesia from July to Oktober 2020.

Methodology: Factorial design with 2 factors in completely randomized design was used in the research. The first factor was Jajar Legowo method that consisted of 3 degrees (2:1, 3:1 dan 4:1) and the second factor was silica fertilizer doses that consisted of 4 degrees (0 ml/L, 5 ml/L, 10 ml/L and 15 ml/L). The data was analysed using F test 5% and continued by Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) 5%

Results: Generally, the interaction between Jajar legowo method and silica fertilizer did not affect the production of rice plant. But, for single factor both jajar legowo method and silica application affected the growth of rice plant

Conclusion: The production per hectare of rice plant was lower than description so that this method should be improved to obtain the better result.
Modeling the Propagation of Flood Waves at the Mouth of the Comoé River in Grand-Bassam (South East of Côte d’Ivoire)
Authors: Kouassi Kouakou Hervé , Kouadio Zilé Alex , N’go Yao Alexis , Koffi Berenger , Ouédé Gla Blaise
Published: February 2021

This study was carried out in order to determine the areas at risk of flooding during high water periods at the mouth of the Comoé River in Grand-Bassam. The database is essentially made up of hydro-climatic data, satellite images and topographic data. According to the various criteria, the Weibull law was selected to estimate the maximum frequency flows. According to this law, the flows at the return periods of 2, 10, 50 and 100 years are respectively 634, 733, 781 and 797 m3 / s. The modeling results showed that the areas exposed to the risk of flooding are located near the Ouladine lagoon and the Ebrié lagoon at the mouth of the Comoé river. The extent of the floodplains varies with flooded areas of the order of 85.63 km²; 89.42 km²; 101.67 km²; 107.10 km² for the return periods of 2; 10; 50 and 100 years old.
Tetanus Adverse Event after VMMC for HIV Prevention in a Pre-circumcision Tetanus Immunized Male from Uganda: A Case Report
Authors: Lugada E. , Nyanzi A. , Bwayo D. , Musinguzi H. , Akao J. , Wamundu C. , Musinguzi A. , Kikaire B. , Lawoko S. , Kak N. , Almossawi H. , Rwegyema T. , Kinuthia F. K. , Seruwagi G.
Published: February 2021

Background: Although tetanus is a life-threatening disease, its occurrence is rare in the post-vaccination era, especially in developed countries. The US President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) has supported scale up of Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision (VMCC) to reduce female-to-male HIV transmission in countries with a high prevalence of HIV. VMMC is generally safe, with less than 2% of clients experiencing moderate to severe adverse events. However, in most sub-Saharan countries with a high HIV prevalence and low male circumcision coverage, tetanus vaccination overage among infants, especially male, remains suboptimal. This is a case report of a 45-year-old male who developed tetanus after pre-circumcision tetanus vaccination in a VMMC HIV/AIDS prevention intervention program in Uganda.

The Case: A healthy 45-year-old male presented for voluntary circumcision at field VMMC centre. He received a standard pre-circumcision tetanus immunization and had no incident immediate post-operative. 14 days later he reported at a local health facility with a history of difficulty in swallowing, difficulty in breathing, loss of speech and was ultimately diagnosed with tetanus after 2 days. The patient was immediately admitted in intensive care unit, treated, improved and eventually discharged.

Conclusions: This report highlights the possibility of tetanus vaccine failure and importance of prompt diagnosis and treatment of tetanus. It also highlights the need for institution of aggressive quality improvement and pre-circumcision tetanus vaccination procedures. Post vaccination surveillance for possible vaccine failure is recommended in addition to a review of existing national immunization medical practice and policies.
Caldithrix
Authors: Bonch‐Osmolovskaya Elizaveta , Kublanov Ilya
Published: February 2021

Cal'di.thrix. L. masc. adj.
caldus
hot; Gr. fem. n.
thrix
a hair; N.L. fem. n.
Caldithrix
, a thread existing in hot environment.

Calditrichota / Calditrichae / Calditrichales / Calditrichaceae / Caldithrix

Bacteria of the genus
Caldithrix
are moderately thermophilic, obligately anaerobic rods, sometimes forming spherical empty bodies protruding from different parts of the cells at stationary phase of growth. Cell wall of Gram‐negative type. The presence of flagella is species‐dependent feature; cells of flagellaless species show tumbling motility occurring in the exponential phase of growth. Neutrophiles. NaCl is obligately required for growth with the optimum concentration of 2–5%. Grow by fermentation of peptides or carbohydrates or by anaerobic respiration, oxidizing molecular hydrogen or acetate and reducing nitrate to ammonium. Yeast extract (0.01%) is required for growth. Known representatives inhabit marine thermal environments. At present, the genus
Caldithrix
is represented by two species,
Caldithrix abyssi
and
Caldithrix palaeochoriensis
.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 43.3–45.1 (
T
m
and genome sequence).

Type species
:
Caldithrix abyssi
Miroshnichenko et al. 2003
VP
.