bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Findings of Feasibility for Serial Testing Using Over-the-Counter SARS-CoV-2 Test with the Assistance of a Digital Smartphone App (Preprint)
Authors: Herbert Carly , Broach John , Heetderks William , Qashu Felicia , Gibson Laura , Pretz Caitlin , Woods Kelsey , Kheterpal Vik , Suvarna Thejas , Nowak Chris , Lazar Peter , Ayturk Didem , Barton Bruce , Achenbach Chad , Murphy Robert , McManus David , Soni Apurv
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND

The ongoing pandemic necessitates the development of accurate, rapid, and affordable diagnostics to help curb SARS-CoV-2 disease transmission, morbidity, and mortality, as well as safely navigate social re-engagement.

OBJECTIVE

To describe the feasibility and acceptability of serial self-testing for SARS-CoV-2, including need for assistance and reliability of self-interpretation.

METHODS

A total of 206 adults in the United States with Smartphones were enrolled in this single-arm feasibility study during February and March 2021. All participants were asked to self-test for Covid-19 at home daily using an antigen-detection rapid diagnostic test over a 14-day period and use a smartphone application for testing assistance and to report their results. The main outcomes were adherence to the testing schedule, acceptability of testing and Smartphone application experiences, and reliability of participant versus study team interpretation of test results.

RESULTS

Among the 206 participants, 52% of study participants were women, the average age was 40.7 years, 34.43% were non-White, and half the sample (56.8%) had received a Bachelor’s degree or higher. Most participants (64.6%) showed high testing adherence. Participants’ interpretations of test results demonstrated high agreement (98.9%) with the study verified results, with a kappa score of 0.29 (p<0.001). Participants reported high satisfaction with self-testing and the smartphone application, with greater than 98% of participants reporting they would recommend the self-test and smartphone application to others. These results were consistent across age, race/ethnicity, and gender groups.

CONCLUSIONS

Participant’s high adherence to the recommended testing schedule, significant reliability between participant and study staff test interpretation, and acceptability of the smartphone application and self-test indicate that self-tests for SARS-CoV-2 with a smartphone application for assistance and reporting is highly feasible among a diverse population of adults in the United States.
AN AYURVEDIC REVIEW ON JANAPADODHWAMSA
Authors: YADAV SUMAN , YADAV ASHUTOSH KUMAR , KUSHWAHA TARUN KR
Published: December 2021

Ayurveda the eternal life science from many centuries proved to be the most efficient tool in the health management system. It gives more weightage to the prevention than the cure. Janapadodhwamsa is one among the unique concept described in Ayurveda treatises which literally means demolition or annihilation of people or community. Acharya Charaka called it Janapadodhwamsa, Acharya Sushruta called it Maraka, and Acharya Bhela called it Janamaar. There are four factors that have been described which are common and essential for every living being, that is, Vayu (air), Jala (water), Desha (land), and Kaala (season). Among these four factors, Kaala is mainly main factor. Any abnormal alteration in these four factors can significantly influence individual or community or environment or all of them together. Vitiation of these four common factors is the cause for Janapadodhwamsa. Foremost reason for Janapadodhwamsa has been described as Adharma (immorality) and the root cause of Adharma is said to be Pragyaparadha (delinquency of wisdom). Considering the note worthiness of Janapadodhwamsa, a whole chapter has been depicted in CharakaSamhita illustrating its onset, causes, peculiar features, and management. Its causative agents, method of prevention has been clearly explained. To manage Janapadodhvamsa, it is advised to include the usage of Rasayana therapy, Panchkarama procedures, SadvritPaalan (code of right conducts), and Aachara Rasayana, that is, behavioral therapy.
NOVEL HOMOZYGOUS VARIANT OF TBC1 DOMAIN FAMILY MEMBER 8 GENE IN FOUR LIBYAN SIBLINGS WITH AUTISTIC SPECTRUM DISORDER AND INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY WITHOUT EPILEPSY
Authors: ZEGLAM ADEL , ALHMADI SUAD
Published: December 2021

Objective: Recent progress in genetic analysis and investigations have enabled researchers to identify potential genetic changes that may play a role in ASD. The number of genes connected with autism is growing. Whole exome sequencing(WES) identified the homozygous TBC1D8 variant. Aim to report for the first time a TBC1D8 missense variant (c.1883G>A, p. (Arg628Gln) in 4 Libyan children (3 homozygous,1 heterozygous) with severe neurodevelopmental phenotypes ASD and intellectual disability ID . Based on the data of HGMD and ClinVar, variants in only a few autosomal recessive intellectual disability ARID genes seem to be reported frequently.
Method: Molecular genetic analysis of (WES) was carried out on blood samples from these children. The outcome of the genetic investigations was interpreted within the context of clinical finding, family history, and suspected mode of inheritance.
Results: The number of genes associated with autism is increasing. WES identified the TBC1D8 variant. According to the longest isoform (NM_001102426.1),the nomenclature of this variant is c.1883G>A, p. (Arg628Gln) in TBC1D8 which leads to an amino acid exchange. This variant has not previously reported or described in the literature (PubMed, HGMD).
Conclusion: we have provided evidence for a connection between TBC1D8 variant and ASD and ID; however, this evidence should be considered preliminary in the context of a single case report and such findings need to be replicated to gain insight in order to determine if ASD and ID are a characteristic of this variant.
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL AND CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF 2019 NOVEL CORONA VIRUS: A REVIEW
Authors: SRIKALA T SAI LAKSHMI , KUMAR T PRAVEEN
Published: December 2021

Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), having a high demise rate, which radiate from the Middle East. Novel Coronavirus is the causative living being for MERS and (2019-nCoV) was recognized infection by Chinese experts on January 7. On December 31, 2019, the WHO China Country Office was educated regarding instances of pneumonia of obscure etiologic (obscure reason) identified in Wuhan City, Hubei Province of China. Besides, MERS-CoV first found in dromedary camels and in bats, people. Proof recommends that animals are acting as host for MERS-CoV and transmitting the malady to people. Till the finish of November 2019, an aggregate of 2494 lab instances of MERS, were recorded which incorporates 858 deaths around the world. At present, no drug or immunization is accessible for MERS. As we knew that prevention is better than cure, taking precautions before attacking of the disease is the best way of preventing disease. In this study, we discussed about the pathological aspects, treatment strategies, and precautions of the disease.
INTRODUCING THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE IN PRIMARY SCHOOL = FADING AWAY AN ETHNIC LANGUAGE AMONG FUTURE YOUNG GENERATION
Authors: SUSENO EDY
Published: December 2021

The Indonesian government puts an English lesson at the primary school. On the other hand, it has an intention to preserve local languages. The presence of the two additional lessons in the same school invites a certain problem. Through the questionnaire distributed randomly to 26 primary school parents whose children learn English and Javanese at school in 4 different cities like Surabaya, Sidoarjo, Gresik, and Malang, it could be found out that many students got the competencies of lowering the usage of local language at home, switching codes, lowering competence in implementing Javanese script and constructing sentences, unwilling to watch Javanese news, lowering local culture appreciation, and lowering the usage of local language among peers. Furthermore, in the comparative in English and Javanese learning the students had a lower interest in competing for language, appreciating culture, and literacy in Javanese.
Mayel Lyang Embodied: ‘Tradition’ and Contemporary Lepcha Textiles
Authors: Faulkner Sarah , Rama Mohan KR
Published: December 2021

The Lepchas, an ethnic group indigenous to the Himalayas and the Darjeeling hills, have been weaving textiles from local nettle (Girardinia diversifolia) for millennia. However, their native land, centered around the former Kingdom of Sikkim in modern-day northeastern India, has been the site of centuries of cultural exchange and colonization despite its remoteness, entailing wide-ranging and continuous social, political, and economic changes within the area. Rapid regional industrialization, and the concomitant globalization process and urbanization will potentially further transform Lepcha culture. Despite this, the Lepchas continue to weave textiles they consider traditional. With that in mind, this article will consider the concept of ‘tradition’ and its place in post-industrial Sikkim, using these textiles as a basis for understanding the significance of ‘tradition’ and how ‘tradition’ is used as a tool for carving a place out in the contemporary world. This study analyzes its deployment in contemporary Lepcha textiles so as to illuminate the relationship between tradition, textiles, and contemporary Lepcha identity.
Necessary Questions of Chö: Uses and Abuses of Religion in Dondrup Gyel’s “Tulku”
Authors: Hartmann Catherine
Published: December 2021

“Why do you ask questions of roots and branches instead of the necessary questions of chö (Tib. chos)?” asks a character in Tibetan author Dondrup Gyel’s (don rgrub rgyal) controversial 1980 short story, “Tulku” (sprul sku). The Tibetan term chö can be translated in many ways, including to mean ‘the Buddhist teachings,’ ‘religion’ more generally, or even ‘the nature of reality.’ In “Tulku,” however, what chö means is not at all clear, and the various characters claim authority to determine what is legitimate chö. In the story, a Tibetan village is visited by a mysterious stranger claiming to be a tulku—a reincarnated religious leader— but who is actually a fraud. Most scholars have interpreted “Tulku” as a critique of traditional Tibetan religious devotion, and as a call by Gyel for Tibetans to modernize. This paper, however, proposes a new reading of “Tulku.” It suggests that Gyel pairs overt criticism of the corrupt tulku with a subtler critique of the Chinese government’s policy towards Tibetan Buddhism. It argues for such a reading by tracking how the word chö is used in “Tulku.” It shows that Gyel places the word not in the mouths of the Tibetan villagers, but rather in the mouths of the fraudulent tulku and the representatives of the Communist Party. Both thus use chö in order to appeal to the Tibetan villagers, claim power for themselves, and exclude the opposing party. “Tulku” thereby creates parallels between the ways in which the Tulku and the Party use chö to appeal to and manipulate the Tibetan villagers. On this reading, “Tulku” highlights the way chö can be weaponized by both traditional religious authorities and Communist party ideology, and suggests that in this modern period, any claimant to chö must be treated with caution and skepticism.
“ORE E LABORE”:
Authors: Cardoso Gomes da Silva Nicholas , Da Costa Waschinewski Susane
Published: December 2021

Este artigo tem como foco a Série Fontes, livros de leituras usados oficialmente nas escolas do Estado de Santa Catarina entre os anos de 1920 e 1950. A análise empreendida busca problematizar narrativas em torno do trabalho e a fé como constituintes do perfil de um bom cidadão. Para tal, foram feitas análises, nos 391 (trezentos e noventa e um) textos dos quatro livros da Série Fontes - exceto a Cartilha Popular, dos quais 54 (cinquenta e quatro) deles abordam ensinamentos religiosos. Este estudo se insere no campo de pesquisa que reconhece nesses documentos valiosas fontes/objetos para a História da Educação, pois ajudam a estabelecer novos olhares para as práticas de ensino presentes no cotidiano escolar, bem como a intencionalidade na constituição de comportamentos. As reflexões aqui permitem conhecer a disseminação do projeto civilizador republicano nas escolas. Inculcando e instruindo as crianças para o trabalho e a religião (Católica), deste modo, reproduzindo em sociedade o ideal do “bom cidadão”.
FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES DO CAMPO E DE PROFESSORES INDÍGENAS:
Authors: AGUIAR DE ALMEIDA WHASGTHON , GUIMARÃES CABRAL ROMY
Published: December 2021

O presente texto parte de uma reflexão teórica sobre a Educação no Campo e a Educação Escolar Indígena no contexto contemporâneo. Tem por objetivo refletir sobre as possibilidades de diálogo entre os pressupostos teóricos que sustentam as perspectivas formativas da Educação no/do Campo e na/da Educação Escolar Indígena. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e empírica, pois apresenta um panorama histórico acerca das modalidades de educação apresentadas, a partir das experiências dos autores. Isto é, a respeito da Educação no Campo, seus modelos, discursos teóricos, perspectivas futuras e os projetos desenvolvidos no estado do Amazonas, PRONERA e Projovem Campo Saberes da Terra. No que se refere a Educação Escolar Indígena, aborda-se as políticas públicas a partir da base legal CF/88, LDBEN 9394/96 e da história da Secadi-MEC, como caminhos para a garantia de escola diferenciada e de formação de professores indígenas no Estado do Amazonas. Reflete-se sobre avanços e retrocessos em contexto nacional.
Alfabetización algorítmica basada en la metodología de Paulo Freire
Authors: Aparici Roberto , Bordignon Fernando Raúl Alfredo , Martínez-Pérez Jorge
Published: December 2021

La sociedad actual atraviesa una crisis profunda marcada por la incertidumbre. El paradigma informacional ha ampliado los lenguajes y con ello han surgido nuevos analfabetismos y conflictos sociales. En este contexto, los algoritmos son el centro del debate, ya que están presentes en casi todos los órdenes de nuestra vida. En este artículo partimos de algunos de los principios de la pedagogía freireana para aplicarlos al campo de la alfabetización algorítmica. Una sociedad alfabetizada en los nuevos lenguajes permitirá un análisis crítico del mundo. En este sentido proponemos un conjunto de saberes digitales que posibiliten una lectura e intervención sobre la realidad.
Paulo Freire: la pedagogía latinoamericana dialoga con la esperanza
Authors: Gómez Sollano Marcela
Published: December 2021

El objetivo del presente artículo es abrir un espacio de reflexión para situar la importancia y alcances que la palabra esperanza tiene en la obra de Paulo Freire, particularmente por lo que ésta representa para el sujeto cuando se enfrenta a situaciones límite. Dicha reflexión adquiere relevancia en el momento actual en el que como humanidad nos hemos visto profundamente afectados por las dinámicas de confinamiento y dislocación del entramado social, económico y educativo que trajo consigo la pandemia sanitaria provocada por la COVID-19. Esto plantea, entre otras cuestiones, que los sujetos participantes de un determinado entramado político-pedagógico, dialógico, crítico y problematizador se aventuren a lo posible que, como invención, abre las posibilidades de la creación que la praxis plantea como síntesis entre teoría-palabra y acción. Su compleja e incierta articulación con el sueño del educador constituye una de las cuestiones que Freire legó a la pedagogía latinoamericana.
Brain Tumour Detection Using Image Segmentation: A Review
Authors: Kulkarni Miss Kashmira. A.
Published: December 2021

Abstract: Medical Image Processing is one of the most challenging and emerging fields. MRI, CT scan , ultra scan, X-rays etc. are different machines to diagnose the condition of the patient. Human body is made up of several types of cells. Brain is a highly specialized and sensitive organ of human body. Brain tumour is one of the severe problems in the medical science. MRI imaging is often used when treating brain tumour. There are various image segmentation algorithms in order to detect brain tumour using image processing. Firstly quality of scanned MRI image is enhanced and then different image segmentation techniques are applied to detect the tumour in the scanned image. Different segmentation methods reviewed here are thresholding, kmeans, watershed, edge detection, morphological, fuzzy c-means. Here sample 5 MRI images are taken and processed by using MATLAB software. With the help of these techniques, area of the tumour, execution time, number pixel can be determined. Keywords: MATLAB, segmentation, thresholding , kmeans, watershed, edge detection, morphological, fuzzy c-means.
Performance Analysis of Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Trust Mechanism
Authors: V Subiksha.
Published: December 2021

Abstract: Due to the characteristics like limited resources and dynamic topology, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are facing two major problems such as security and energy consumption. To deal with various improper behaviors of nodes the trust-based solutions are possible but still exist a variety of attacks, high energy consumption, and communication congestion between nodes. Therefore, this paper proposes an advanced and efficient trust-based secure and energy-efficient routing protocol (TBSEER) to solve these network problems and to avoid malicious nodes. Efficient Adaptable Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm (EAACO) calculates the comprehensive trust value through adaptive direct trust value, indirect trust value, and energy trust value, which can be resistant to internal network attacks such as sinkhole, black hole, selective forwarding, and hello flood attacks. In addition, to fast identify the malicious nodes in the WSN, the adaptive penalty mechanism and volatilization factor are used. Moreover, the nodes only need to calculate the direct trust value, and the indirect trust value is obtained by the sink, so as to further reduce the energy consumption caused by iterative calculations. To actively avoid network attacks, the cluster heads find the safest multi-hop routes based on the comprehensive trust value. The simulation results show that the proposed EAACO reduces network energy consumption, speeds up the identification of malicious nodes, as well as resists all common attacks. Keywords: Comprehensive trust value, direct trust value, indirect value, EAACO, network attacks, wireless sensor networks
Sustainable Management of Construction and Demolition Waste
Authors: Bokarde Kaushik
Published: December 2021

Abstract: Construction activity in India has magnified well within the past decade. Likewise, there has conjointly been a proportion to rise within the generation of construction and demolition waste (C&DW). This, alongside the fact that in India the speed of recycling and reuse of C&DW continues to be quite low and has engendered a heavy environmental downside and a motivation to develop ways and management plans to resolve it. Almost every time the construction and demolition waste end up settling in landfills disrupting the environmental, economic, and social life cycle. Its composition has a significant potential to reuse or recycle C&DW, and thereby, contribute to enhancing the sustainability of construction, however, practical procedures don’t seem to be widely known or practiced within the construction industry. Elements of construction and demolition waste generally embrace concrete, asphalt, wood, metals, roofing, paper, plastic, drywall, and glass. Sustainable development defines as accomplishing the current requirements without compromising the ability of future generations to satisfy their own needs and can be thought of as one of the concrete solutions to resolve construction and demolition waste downside. Sustainable development in construction can facilitate plenty to cut back the issues associated with the environment and natural resources as the construction industry is among the major user of the world’s resources. Sustainable design, correct use, and reuse of the resources/construction materials can create the construction industry a lot more economical and greener. There’s conjointly a large demand for natural aggregates within the construction sector with a big gap in its demand and supply, which may even be reduced marginally by the employment of recycling and reuse of construction and demolition waste. Correct handling, storage, and treatment of C&D waste not only solely forestall degradation of Mother Earth but even have an important impact on sustainability using reducing the usage of natural resources. The paper covers various issues associated with the reusing and recycling of C&D waste, which needs restrictive mechanisms and procedures to be followed for achieving the aim of sustainability in the construction industry.
El poder sindical en el “Estallido social” chileno. La huelga general de noviembre de 2019
Authors: Osorio Lavín Sebastián , Velásquez Diego
Published: December 2021

La oleada de protestas de octubre de 2019 en Chile ha sido descrita como un fenómeno de carácter espontáneo y acéfalo en su organización. Sin embargo, una observación detallada permite evidenciar el rol activo que tuvieron organizaciones sindicales. Para comprender su rol específico en la revuelta, esta investigación estudia cómo los recursos de poder sindical repercutieron sobre la fuerza que tuvo la huelga general del 12 de noviembre en el escenario político. Los resultados sugieren que el éxito de la huelga se basó en el recurso asociativo por la participación extraordinaria de trabajadores de diversos sectores de la economía, y en el recurso societal por la alianza con otros actores que aportaron masividad a las movilizaciones, generando una presión que llevó al sistema político a abrirse a un proceso constituyente, y reafirmando la relevancia del sindicalismo y las huelgas como principal táctica reivindicativa en un contexto de movilizaciones sociales.
Masculinidades prostitutivas: el relato sexual del putero en contextos patriarcales
Authors: Pérez Freire Silvia , Gómez Suárez Águeda
Published: December 2021

La prostitución se configura en las sociedades patriarcales como una institución social que apuntala el control sexual de las mujeres. La escasez de investigaciones científicas sobre el agente causal prostituidor-putero sobre la que descansa dicha institución pone de manifiesto que nos encontramos ante un fenómeno generizado e interesadamente invisibilizado. El relato de los puteros narra el proceso de cosificación de los cuerpos femeninos y el entrenamiento masculino en la insensibilización de la crueldad.
Siempre nos quedará Bourdieu- Luis Enrique Alonso (Ed.) Círculo de Bellas Artes, Madrid, 2021
Authors: Espada Benito Adrián
Published: December 2021

De reciente publicación por el Círculo de Bellas Artes (CBA), esta obra, que edita Luis Enrique Alonso Benito, es el resultado de compilar las intervenciones realizadas durante unas jornadas tituladas El oficio de sociólogo. El legado de Pierre Bourdieu que fueron llevadas a cabo en el año 2012.
Pierre Ostiguy, Francisco Panizza & Benjamin Moffitt (eds). Populism in Global Perspective. A Performative and Discursive Approach. New York: Routledge, 2021
Authors: Riveros Claudio
Published: December 2021

Los editores del libro plantean un enfoque original en tanto combina, por una parte, lo preconizado por el enfoque lógico-discursivo (Laclau, 2005), y por otra, el enfoque socio-cultural/performativo. Y es en esta combinación de propuestas donde se visualiza el aporte, pero también, la tensión del escrito. Es un aporte, en tanto viene a “superar” una concepción del populismo que se basa, principalmente, en su capacidad articulativa, formal, otorgándole un contenido cultural pero también político. Se apunta, entonces, a entender cómo opera el significante pueblo, las prácticas identitarias entre el líder y sus seguidores, y principalmente, a identificar cuáles son los elementos culturales y sociales que dan forma a una construcción hegemónica. Es en estos aspectos, donde el “contenido” cuenta y mucho. Con todo, la tensión está presente en la medida que lo performativo puede ser entendido como una performance o como el acto de creación de la cadena equivalencial, que superaría la construcción del discurso populista.
Everyday people’s patriotism in Russia: Possibilities and limitations of sociological study and typologization
Authors: Trotsuk I. V.
Published: December 2021

The article is a review of the book by K. Clment Patriotism from Below. How Is It Possible That People Are So Poor in the Rich Country? (Moscow: NLO, 2021. 232 p.). The book is based on the results of the research project aimed at the detailed description of different types of everyday Russian patriotism with the help of the qualitative approach (in fact, case studies and semi-formalized interviews were conducted, although the book presents them as ethnographic research and in-depth interviews). The book identifies and describes the following types of the grassroot Russian patriotism which does not always coincide with the state patriotic discourse (patriotism from above): non-state and state everyday patriotism, non-patriotism, detached patriotism, and local patriotism. The review identifies both the undoubted merits of the book and its conceptual, methodological and analytical limitations which can become a starting point for further sociological studies of discursive practices and behavioral patterns of Russians, especially of those living in the Russian hinterland (depressed peripheral regions of the country).
Vida criminal en las colonias agrícolas de la Provincia de Antioquia a finales del siglo XVIII
Authors: Betancur Arboleda Cristian Camilo
Published: December 2021

El presente artículo, examina la vida criminal dentro de algunas de las colonias agrícolas establecidas en las postrimerías del siglo XVIII en la Provincia de Antioquia, las cuales se cimentaron bajo los designios ilustrados que provocaron las Reformas Borbónicas. Además, el texto analiza los fenómenos que causaron la necesidad de la fundación de dichas colonias, cuya razón principal era la de proveer de alimentos a las zonas mineras. Por otra parte, la fun- dación de dichas colonias, a la vez buscaba agrupar a la población dispersa, que para la época eran denominados vagos y ociosos. Estas pretendían no solamente fomentar la agricultura y servir a la minería, sino también establecer “vida en policía”, es decir, una comunidad de vasallos obedientes de las ordenes de la Corona y de la ley divina. Sin embargo, esa pretendida vida controlada por un Estado lejano se podía quebrantar.
A reascensão da extrema direita entre representações políticas dos sistemas alimentares
Authors: Pompeia (University of Oxford) Caio
Published: December 2021

A escalada do populismo de extrema direita no Brasil tem ocorrido de forma articulada ao fortalecimento de pleitos radicalizados no heterogêneo campo do agronegócio. Este artigo aborda os modos como tais reivindicações extremistas têm sido recepcionadas entre as elites ligadas aos sistemas alimentares. A etnografia apresentada é desdobrada da interação entre o trabalho de campo com atores empresariais e políticos relacionados às commodities agropecuárias e a literatura sobre representações e programas prevalecentes na arena intersetorial. Os materiais empíricos compreendem, além dos registros de campo, documentos patronais e manifestações públicas de agentes privados e estatais. Os resultados mostram que, sob determinações econômicas, políticas e institucionais específicas, as posições mais radicais da direita no campo são, em grande extensão, condicionadas por representações dominantes. Por um lado, esse processo se revela no controle do negacionismo climático dos pleitos radicalizados; por outro lado, apresentase na instrumentalização das mais extremadas iniciativas contra os direitos territoriais indígenas.
Política de formação de doutores no exterior e legitimidade da elite acadêmica no Brasil contemporâneo
Authors: Azevedo (UFJF) Leonardo Francisco de , Campos de Almeida Dutra (UFJF) Rogéria
Published: December 2021

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo investigar a conformação de uma elite específica no Brasil – doutores com formação internacional – frente ao cenário contemporâneo de redução de investimento público nas universidades e centros de pesquisa no país. O projeto de fazer parte de um seleto grupo de brasileiros que circula pelas principais universidades do mundo, fazendo pesquisa em grandes laboratórios com reconhecidos pesquisadores, tem sido confrontado com a pouca capacidade interna de integração destes pesquisadores após anos no exterior. A partir de uma pesquisa em desenvolvimento com pesquisadores que receberam bolsas de uma agência de fomento brasileira para realizar doutorado no exterior, parte-se da hipótese de que a elite acadêmica tem enfrentado dificuldades na construção de sua legitimidade, apesar do papel histórico que desempenhou na consolidação do Estado brasileiro. A despeito do prestígio que envolve tal tipo de mobilidade internacional, bem como a escala do investimento efetuado – tanto no que se refere aos recursos públicos quanto aos investimentos profissionais, emocionais e afetivos – estes pesquisadores indicam encontrar, em seu retorno ao Brasil, dificuldades de reinserção profissional e condições pouco favoráveis ao desenvolvimento de suas pesquisas. Compreendendo melhor este segmento específico dos acadêmicos brasileiros, pretende-se contribuir com o debate sobre as condições atuais da carreira científica no Brasil.
On stability and relaxation techniques for partitioned fluid-structure interaction simulations
Authors: Lorentzon Johan , Revstedt Johan
Published: December 2021

The stability of relaxation techniques has been studied for strongly
coupled fluid-structure interaction (FSI) with application to a
cantilever immersed in channel flow. The fluid is governed by
Navier-Stokes equations for incompressible flow condition using
turbulence modelling and the solid is governed by the equation of motion
with compressible material modelling. The applied kinematic description
is Lagrangian for the solid and Eulerian for the fluid. The coupling of
the state solvers is achieved by the Arbitrary Lagrange-Euler procedure
which involves a mesh motion solver and the FSI procedure is stabilised
by relaxation. It is shown that the stability can be related to the
frequency shift caused by FSI and they follow the same rate for the
shape factor of the structure with an offset. This correlates well to
theoretical results but also show that for given mesh resolution, all
relaxations fail for sufficient high-frequency shift. We also propose a
continuation technique to stabilise the solution near the instability
region, which also improves the efficiency and can be integrated easily
for the black-box FSI solution procedure.
Conductance peaks and gaps in single-electron device with the presence of electron-electron interaction - “Nonequilibrium green function approach”
Authors: Moulhim Ali , Tripathi Brijesh , Kumar Manoj
Published: December 2021

Consider a single-electron transistor (SET) with a small size quantum
dot (QD), where confined energy and the Coulomb interaction control the
charges adding to QD. In this paper, a theoretical analysis of the
relation between source-drain voltage and gate voltage has been done to
define quantum-Coulomb blocked (and unblocked) diamonds for QD that has
N electrons. An analytical equation for the conductance has been derived
using the non-equilibrium Green function technique (NEGFT). Further, the
effect of QD size and the tunnelling rate on conductance peaks and gaps
have been investigated. Finally, the effect of gate voltage on
conductance peaks and gaps with respect the quantum-Coulomb blocked
regions has been analysed.
Bioprinting small-diameter vascular vessel with endothelium and smooth muscle by the approach of two-step crosslinking process
Authors: Jin Qianheng , Jin Guangzhe , Ju Jihui , Xu Lei , Tang Linfeng , Fu Yi , Hou Ruixing , Atala Anthony , Zhao Weixin
Published: December 2021

Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting shows great potential for autologous
vascular grafts due to its simplicity, accuracy, and flexibility. 6mm
diameter vascular grafts are used in clinic. However, producing
small-diameter vascular grafts are still an enormous challenge.
Normally, sacrificial hydrogels are used as temporary lumen support to
mold tubular structure which will affect the structure’s stability. In
this study, we develop a new bioprinting approach to fabricating
small-diameter vessel using two-step crosslinking process. ¼ lumen wall
of bioprinted gelatin mechacrylate (GelMA) flat structure is exposed to
ultraviolet (UV) light briefly for having certain strength, while ¾
lumen wall shows as concave structure remained uncrosslinked.
Pre-crosslinked flat structure is merged towards the uncrosslinked
concave structure. Two individual structures will be combined tightly
into an intact tubular structure by receiving more UV exposure time.
Complicated tubular structures are constructed by these method. Notably,
the GelMA-based bioink loaded with smooth muscle cells (SMCs) are
bioprinted as the outer layer and human umbilical vein endothelial cells
(HUVECs) are seeded onto the inner surface. A bionic vascular vessel
with dual layers is fabricated successfully and keeps good viability,
and functionality. This study may provide a novel idea for fabricating
biomimetic vascular network or other more complicated organs.
On the degree of distortions under second-degree price discrimination
Authors:   Oakland University, USA, Orzach Ram , Stano Miron ,   Oakland University, USA
Published: December 2021

This paper highlights the limitations and applicability of results developed by Chao & Nahata (2015) for nonlinear pricing. Although Chao and Nahata appear to provide necessary and sufficient conditions for general utility functions, we show that one of their results leads only to a restatement of two constraints, and another result may not be valid when consumers can freely dispose of the good. Their model allows for the possibility that higher quantities will have a lower price than smaller quantities. We provide conditions under free disposal that preclude this anomaly. Our analysis suggests that further research on violations of the single-crossing condition should be encouraged.
Dream teams and the Apollo effect
Authors:   The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel and University of Surrey, UK, Gershkov Alex , Schweinzer Paul ,   Alpen-Adria-University Klagenfurt, Austria
Published: December 2021

We model leadership selection, competition, and decision making in teams with heterogeneous membership composition. We show that if the choice of leadership in a team is imprecise or noisy--which may arguably be the case if appointment decisions are made by non-expert administrators--then it is not necessarily the case that the best individuals should be selected as team members. On the contrary, and in line with what has been called the "Apollo effect," a "dream team" consisting of unambiguously higher-performing individuals may perform worse in terms of team output than a group composed of lower performers. We characterize the properties of the leadership selection and production processes that lead to the Apollo effect. Finally, we clarify when the opposite effect occurs in which supertalent performs better than comparatively less qualified groups.
Nonsurgical treatment of a hyperdivergent skeletal Class III patient with mini-screw–assisted mandibular dentition distalization and flattening of the occlusal plane
Authors: He Yiruo , Wang Yangyang , Wang Xinghai , Wang Jiangyue , Bai Ding , Guo Yongwen
Published: December 2021

Treatment of hyperdivergent skeletal Class III malocclusion is challenging for orthodontists, and orthognathic-orthodontic treatment is usually required. This report presents the successful nonsurgical treatment of a 20-year-old man who had a skeletal Class III malocclusion with anterior open bite, anterior and posterior crossbite, hyperdivergent growth pattern, steep occlusal plane, early loss of three first molars, and an uncommon convex profile with a retruded chin. An orthodontic camouflage treatment plan was chosen based on the etiology and the patient's complaints. Tooth #37 was extracted. Miniscrews were used for uprighting and intruding of the lower molars, distalization of the lower dentition, and flattening of the occlusal plane. After 34 months of active treatment, Class I relationships, proper anterior overjet and overbite, flat occlusal plane, and an esthetic facial profile were achieved. The results demonstrated that the biomechanics involved in the nonsurgical treatment assisted with miniscrews to distalize the mandibular dentition and flatten the occlusal plane while keeping the mandibular plane stable was effective for treating this hyperdivergent skeletal Class III patient with a convex profile and anterior open bite.
Alterations in Biomarkers Related to Glycemia, Lipid Metabolism, and Inflammation up to 20 Years Before Diagnosis of Type 1 Diabetes in Adults: Findings From the AMORIS Cohort
Authors: Herzog Katharina , Andersson Tomas , Grill Valdemar , Hammar Niklas , Malmström Håkan , Talbäck Mats , Walldius Göran , Carlsson Sofia
Published: December 2021

Objective: Type 1 diabetes is described to have an acute onset,
but autoantibodies can appear several years preceding diagnosis. This suggests a
long preclinical phase, which may also include metabolic parameters. Here we
assessed whether elevations in glycaemic, lipid, and other metabolic biomarkers
were associated with future type 1 diabetes risk in
adults.

Research Design and Methods: We studied 591,239 individuals from the Swedish
AMORIS cohort followed from 1985-1996 to 2012. Through linkage to national
patient, diabetes, and prescription registers, we identified incident type 1
diabetes. Using Cox regression models, we estimated hazard ratios for
biomarkers at baseline and incident type 1 diabetes. We additionally assessed
trajectories of biomarkers during the 25 years before type 1 diabetes diagnosis
in a nested case-control design.

Results: We identified 1,122 type 1 diabetes cases during
follow-up (average age at diagnosis: 53.3 years). The biomarkers glucose, fructosamine,
triglycerides, the apolipoprotein B/A-I ratio, uric acid, alkaline phosphatase,
and BMI were positively associated with type 1 diabetes risk. A higher apolipoprotein
A-I was associated with a lower type 1 diabetes incidence. Already 15 years
before diagnosis, type 1 diabetes cases had higher mean glucose, fructosamine,
triglycerides, and uric acid levels compared to controls.

Conclusion: Alterations in biomarker levels related to
glycaemia, lipid metabolism, and inflammation are associated with clinically
diagnosed type 1 diabetes risk, and these may be elevated many years preceding
diagnosis.
Partner Involvement in Type 2 Diabetes Self-Management: A Mixed-Methods Investigation
Authors: Helgeson Vicki S. , Horner Fiona S. , Naqvi Jeanean B.
Published: December 2021

Researchers have recognized the
role of social environment in diabetes management, with substantial attention
directed toward spouses or romantic partners of people with diabetes. However,
the specific ways in which partners are involved have not been articulated. This
study, which included 207 couples in which one person was recently diagnosed
with type 2 diabetes, used a mixed-methods approach to assess types of partner
involvement in diabetes management. First, different types of partner
involvement were qualitatively identified from audiotaped interviews, and links
between qualitative findings and demographics were examined. Next, qualitative
codes were compared to quantitative measures of partner involvement. Finally,
relations of qualitative codes to relationship quality and diabetes outcomes
were assessed. Qualitative analyses identified three ways in which partners
were involved in diabetes management (support provision, collaboration, and
controlling behavior) and two ways in which they were not involved (independent
coping and disengagement on the part of the person with diabetes). Participants
with diabetes perceived less partner involvement than their partners.
Comparisons with quantitative measures revealed that collaboration was distinct
from partner support. Reports from participants with diabetes of collaboration,
but not partner support, were connected to higher relationship quality and
lower A1C, whereas partner reports of collaboration were related to better
self-care. Diabetes disengagement was associated with poorer relationship and behavioral
outcomes. These findings underscore the varied ways in which partners are and
are not involved in diabetes management and suggest that collaboration is more
beneficial than social support in terms of relationship quality and diabetes
outcomes.
Evaluation of Plasma Assisted Noninvasive Surgery (PANIS) As a New Approach for the Treatment of Conjunctival Concretions: A Clinical Case Series
Authors: Nejat Farhad , Jadidi Khosrow , Eghtedari Shima , Nabavi Nazanin-Sadat , Malekifar Pooneh
Published: December 2021

Background and Objective: Plasma is one of the newest therapies recently used. This study aimed to evaluate a quick treatment modality of conjunctival concretions using plasma as a noninvasive procedure. Methods: Six eyes of six patients with conjunctival concretions were evaluated. The procedure was performed using plasma spots generated by the white handpiece of the Plexr device. The eyelid was everted and concretions sublimated by plasma spots from the upper and lower eyelids. Refractive Errors, visual acuity (BCVA and UCVA), Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), and Intraocular pressure (IOP) were measured before and after six months of the procedure. Results: The results of 6 months follow-up show that this effective method had no recurrence or side effects. Treatment was effective in all of the patients. No complication and recurrence was observed. The OSDI score was improved to the normal range. This method had no effects on Refractive Errors, Visual Acuity, and IOP. Conclusion: Based on the results, it seems that the PANIS method can be used as a practical, quick, and straightforward approach for the treatment of conjunctival concretions.
Inovasi Investasi Keuangan Haji Pada Sektor UMKM Sebagai Strategi Peningkatan Kemudahan Berusaha dan Daya Saing Ekonomi Indonesia pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors:   Universitas Lampung, Puutra Purwanto
Published: December 2021

Penelitan ini menganalisis kemungkinan inovasi investasi dana haji dalam bidang UMKM berbasis produk unggulan sebagai salah satu strategi optimalisasi peningkatan kemudahan berusaha (Ease of Doing Business) dan daya saing ekonomi Indonesia secara lebih komprehensif. Sekaligus akan coba ditelaah seberapa besar kemungkinan kebermanfaatan investasi dana haji bidang UMKM tersebut bagi masyarakat dan pemulihan ekonomi pasca Covid-19. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Metode deskriptif digunakan untuk memberikan gambaran atau penjelasan secara terperinci terhadap suatu masalah. Pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode literasi informasi (information literacy), model literasi informasi yang digunakan ialah The Seven Pillars of Information Literacy. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berinvestasi pada sektor UMKM memiliki beberapa keunggulan yang dapat dioptimalkan dengan ketersediaan regulasi yang mendukung dan pilihan produk dan strategi penerapan UMKM yang memang potensial untuk dikembangkan. Sektor UMKM memiliki potensi keuntungan dengan resiko yang terbagi, seperti perumpamaan, “jangan menempatkan telur dalam satu keranjang”. Maka dapat dikatakan inovasi ketika resiko investasi dana haji dapat diminimalisir dengan strategi penyebaran. Hasil lainnya investasi keuangan haji pada sektor UMKM juga sangat kompatibel untuk diterapkan dengan syariah yang kafah (menyeluruh).
Penerapan Kebijakan Larangan Mudik Lebaran pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 dalam Perspektif Masyarakat Indonesia
Authors:   Institut Pemerintahan Dalam Negeri, Tsaabita Aldila Nisa Ilmatu
Published: December 2021

Mudik merupakan salah satu budaya unik dimana masyarakat Indonesia pergi ke kempung halaman di saat lebaran. Tidak jarang mudik menjadi penyebab utama kemacetan dan kerumunan di beberapa wilayah. Tantangan besar bangsa Indonesia pada saat pandemic covid-19 ini. Pemerintah mengeluarkan kebijakan larangan mudik tahun 2021 bertujuan untuk mengurangi penyebaran Covid-19 di Indonesia. Dikeluarkannya kebijakan tersebut menyebabkan berbagai persepsi dari masyarakat. Respon dan perspektif masyarakat merupakan aspek yang sangat penting dalam menganalisis keberhasilan kebijakan. Sehingga dilakukan penelitian tentang bagaimana persepsi masyarakat terhadap larangan mudik di era pandemi COVID-19. Peneliian dilakukan secara menyeluruh mencakup keseluruhan wilayah Indonesia dan dilaksanakan secara online. Berpedoman kepada metode penelitian seskriptif kualitatif memalui pendekatan Analisis Data Sekunder (ADS). Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah data penurunan volume pemudik, tahun 2020 jumlah pemudik adalah 10,44% sedangkan tahun 2021 adalah 4,6%. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa perspektif masyarakat setelah dikeluarkannya kebijakan larangan mudik semakin membaik dan menunjukkan hasil bahwa masyarakat memberikan perspektif positif. Pemerintah menciptakan perspektif positif masyarakat terkait larangan mudik melalui pemanfaatan media sosial dan teknologi, penyelenggaraan kontes pembuatan video silaturahmi lebaran, dan pendekatan sosiologis antropologi.
Level of Physical Condition of Women's Volleyball Athlete at BPC Club
Authors: Sari Ayu Permata , Umar Umar , Alnedral Alnedral , Mardela Romi
Published: December 2021

The problem in this research is that the athletes have not had a good physical condition. The low performance of athletes has decreased from year to year. The aim of the study was to see how the Physical Condition Level of Women's Volleyball Athletes at the BPC Tanah Datar Regency club. This type of research is quantitative using descriptive methods. The population in the study amounted to 16 people. The sampling technique used purposive sampling, thus the number of samples in the study were 12 female volleyball athletes at the BPC club Tanah Datar Regency. The data analysis technique is a percentage. Research result ; (1) The aerobic endurance in the category is sufficient with an average of 23.3 ml / kg.bb / m or about 41.67%, (2) the explosive power of the arm muscles in the less category with an average of 5.5 m or about 25%, (3) The explosive power of the leg muscles that is currently owned is in the low category with an average of 63 kg-m / second or about 33.33%, (4) the agility possessed is classified as in the medium category with an average of 9 seconds or about 25%, (5) The flexibility of the waist that is owned is classified in the less category with an average of 12.08 cm or about 33.33%, thus it can be concluded that the physical condition of women's volleyball athletes is good from indicators, power endurance, leg muscle explosive power, arm muscle explosive power, agility, and flexibility, are still in the low category and need to be improved to be higher.
Modifikasi Latihan Permainan Sepak Bola untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Menggiring Bola Pada Peserta SSB Silampari Tugumulyo
Authors: Sari Deprita , Supriyadi Muhammad , Syafutra Wawan , Okilanda Ardo
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh modifikasi permainan Sepak Bola Terhadap Hasil Keterampilan Menggiring Bola Pada Peserta SSB Silampari Tugumulyo Kabupaten Musi Rawas. Metode yang digunakan yaitu eksperimen semu pre-test dan post-test design. Sampel yang digunakan berjumlah 20 orang dengan teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan sampel jenuh. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik tes keterampilan menggiring bola. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis menggunakan uji-z pada taraf signifikan = 0,05. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data tes akhir dapat disimpulkan bahwa hasil keterampilan menggiring bola setelah mengikuti latihan dengan modifikasi permainan sepak bola secara signifikan meningkat. Rata-rata hasil peningkatan keterampilan menggiring bola setelah diterapkan modifikasi permainan sepakbola sebesar 2,35 dan simpangan baku 2,30.