Hubungan Pengetahuan Kode Etik Kedokteran Tentang Aborsi terhadap Sikap Mahasiswa Kedokteran Terhadap Aborsi
Authors: Nugroho Fandi Muhammad , Wujoso Hari , Atmoko Wahyu Dwi 
Published: March 2021

<p><strong>Pendahuluan: </strong>Aborsi adalah pengguguran kandungan sebelum usia janin mencapai 22 minggu. Aborsi dibagi menjadi dua, yaitu dialakukan secara buatan atau spontan. Oposisi dari tindakan aborsi berpendapat janin dianggap sebagai manusia, membunuh manusia yang tidak bersalah merupakan tindakan moral yang salah. Secara keseluruhan, 35 aborsi terjadi setiap tahun per 1.000 perempuan berusia 15-44 tahun di seluruh dunia. Dalam menjaga kualitas dan etika tenaga medis, seorang dokter dipandu dalam suatu pedoman norma etik profesi dokter yang disebut Kode Etik Kedokteran Indonesia (KODEKI). Pada penelitian tahun 2016 dikatakan perbedaan pengetahuan etika kedokteran tentang aborsi berpengaruh pada sikap yang diambil dokter untuk melakukan aborsi. Di 2020 ini peneliti mencoba meneliti kembali apakah perbedaan pengetahuan KODEKI tentang aborsi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap sikap yang diambil oleh dokter muda melakukan tindakan aborsi.</p><p><strong>Metode: </strong>Penelitian ini bersifat observasional analitik dengan pendekatan <em>cross sectional</em>. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Program Studi Kedokteran Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret. Uji prasyarat menggunakan uji validitas, uji reliabilitas dan uji normalitas. Bila data terdistribusi normal maka akan digunakan uji korelasi person, sedangkan bila data tidak terdistribusi normal maka digunakan uji spearman.</p><p><strong>Hasil: </strong>Pada uji normalitas, didapatkan p= 0,101 untuk kelompok skor pengetahuan Kode etika kedokteran tentang aborsi dan p= 0,616 untuk skor sikap mahasiswa kedokteran terhadap aborsi. Pada uji korelasi <em>Pearson</em>, didapatkan nilai p= 0,002 yang menunjukkan bahwa hubungan Pengetahuan Kode Etika Kedokteran Tentang Aborsi dengan Sikap Mahasiswa Kedokteran Terhadap Aborsi bermakna karena p&lt;0,05. Nilai korelasi <em>Pearson </em>sebesar 0,339 menunjukkan bahwa korelasi negatif dengan kekuatan korelasi yang sedang.</p><p><strong>Kesimpulan: </strong>Hubungan pengetahuan kode etika kedokteran tentang aborsi dengan sikap mahasiswa kedokteran terhadap aborsi bermakna secara statistik.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Kata Kunci: </strong><strong>Aborsi, Pengetahuan KODEKI, Sikap</strong><strong></strong></p><p class="AbstractNormal"> </p><p class="Abstract"><em>ABSTRACT</em></p><p class="AbstractNormal"><strong><em>Introduction: </em></strong><em>Abortion is an abortion before the fetus reaches 22 weeks of age. Abortion is divided into two, namely done artificially or spontaneously. Opposition to the act of abortion argues that the fetus is considered a human being, killing an innocent human being is a moral wrong act. In all, 35 abortions occur annually per 1,000 women aged 15-44 worldwide. In maintaining the quality and ethics of medical personnel, a doctor is guided by a professional ethical norm guideline called the Indonesian Medical Code of Ethics (KODEKI). In a 2016 study, it was stated that differences in medical ethics knowledge about abortion had an effect on the attitudes taken by doctors to perform abortions. In 2020, the researchers tried to re-examine whether the differences in KODEKI's knowledge about abortion had a significant effect on the attitudes taken by young doctors in carrying out abortion.</em></p><p class="AbstractNormal"><strong><em>Methods:</em></strong><em> This research is an analytic observational study with a cross sectional approach. The subjects in this study were students of the Medical Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University. The prerequisite test used the validity test, reliability test and normality test. If the data is normally distributed, the person correlation test will be used, whereas if the data is not normally distributed, the Spearman test is used.</em></p><p class="AbstractNormal"><strong><em>Results:</em></strong><em> In the normality test, it was found that p = 0.101 for the group of knowledge scores on the code of medical ethics about abortion and p = 0.616 for scores on the attitudes of medical students towards abortion. In the Pearson correlation test, the p value was obtained = 0.002, which indicates that the relationship between Knowledge of the Code of Medical Ethics on Abortion and the Attitudes of Medical Students to Abortion is significant because p &lt;0.05. The Pearson correlation value of 0.339 indicates that the correlation is negative with moderate correlation strength.</em></p><p class="AbstractNormal"><strong><em>Conclusions:</em></strong><em> The relationship between knowledge of medical ethics code about abortion and attitudes of medical students towards abortion is statistically significant.</em></p><p class="AbstractNormal"><em>   </em></p><p class="AbstractNormal"><strong><em>Keywords:</em></strong><em> </em><em>abortion, KODEKI knowledge, attitude</em></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 2.2pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;">Pendahuluan: </span></strong><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: IN;" lang="IN">Aborsi adalah penggu</span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-ID;" lang="EN-ID">gu</span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: IN;" lang="IN">ran kandungan sebelum usia janin mencapai 22 minggu. Aborsi dibagi menjadi dua, yaitu dialakukan secara buatan atau spontan. Oposisi dari tindakan aborsi berpendapat janin dianggap sebagai manusia, membunuh manusia yang tidak bersalah merupakan tindakan moral yang salah</span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-ID;" lang="EN-ID">. </span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: IN;" lang="IN">Secara keseluruhan, 35 aborsi terjadi setiap tahun per 1.000 perempuan berusia 15-44</span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-ID;" lang="EN-ID"> tahun</span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: IN;" lang="IN"> di seluruh dunia</span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-ID;" lang="EN-ID">. </span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: IN;" lang="IN">Dalam menjaga kualitas dan etika tenaga medis, seorang dokter dipandu dalam suatu pedoman norma etik profesi dokter yang disebut Kode Etik Kedokteran Indonesia (KODEKI).</span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-ID;" lang="EN-ID"> P</span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: IN;" lang="IN">ada penelitian tahun 2016 dikatakan perbedaan pengetahuan etika kedokteran tentang aborsi berpengaruh pada sikap yang diambil dokter untuk melakukan aborsi</span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-ID;" lang="EN-ID">. </span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: IN;" lang="IN">Di 2020 ini peneliti mencoba meneliti kembali apakah perbedaan pengetahuan KODEKI tentang aborsi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap sikap yang diambil oleh dokter muda melakukan tindakan aborsi</span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-ID;" lang="EN-ID">.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 2.2pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;">Metode: </span></strong><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-ID;" lang="EN-ID">Penelitian ini bersifat observasional analitik dengan pendekatan <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">cross sectional</em>. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Program Studi Kedokteran Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret. Uji prasyarat menggunakan uji validitas, uji reliabilitas dan uji normalitas. Bila data terdistribusi normal maka akan digunakan uji korelasi person, sedangkan bila data tidak terdistribusi normal maka digunakan uji spearman.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 2.2pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;">Hasil: </span></strong><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-ID;" lang="EN-ID">Pada uji normalitas, didapatkan p= 0,101 untuk kelompok skor pengetahuan Kode etika kedokteran tentang aborsi dan p= 0,616 untuk skor sikap mahasiswa kedokteran terhadap aborsi. Pada uji korelasi <em>Pearson</em>, didapatkan nilai p= 0,002 yang menunjukkan bahwa hubungan Pengetahuan Kode Etika Kedokteran Tentang Aborsi dengan Sikap Mahasiswa Kedokteran Terhadap Aborsi bermakna karena p&lt;0,05. Nilai korelasi <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Pearson </em>sebesar 0,339 menunjukkan bahwa korelasi negatif dengan kekuatan korelasi yang sedang.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 2.2pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;">Kesimpulan: </span></strong><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-ID;" lang="EN-ID">Hubungan pengetahuan kode etika kedokteran tentang aborsi dengan sikap mahasiswa kedokteran terhadap aborsi bermakna secara statistik.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 2.2pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-left: 39.4pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 4.15pt; margin-right: 2.2pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;">Kata Kunci: </span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-ID;" lang="EN-ID">Aborsi, Pengetahuan KODEKI, Sikap</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"></strong></p><p class="AbstractNormal" style="margin-left: 0cm;"> </p><p class="Abstract" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;"><em><span lang="IN">ABSTRACT</span></em></p><p class="AbstractNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: -.05pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-left: 0cm;"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><em><span style="mso-ansi-language: #0021;" lang="id">Introduction: </span></em></strong><em><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-ID; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;" lang="EN-ID">Abortion is an abortion before the fetus reaches 22 weeks of age. Abortion is divided into two, namely done artificially or spontaneously. Opposition to the act of abortion argues that the fetus is considered a human being, killing an innocent human being is a moral wrong act. In all, 35 abortions occur annually per 1,000 women aged 15-44 worldwide. In maintaining the quality and ethics of medical personnel, a doctor is guided by a professional ethical norm guideline called the Indonesian Medical Code of Ethics (KODEKI). In a 2016 study, it was stated that differences in medical ethics knowledge about abortion had an effect on the attitudes taken by doctors to perform abortions. In 2020, the researchers tried to re-examine whether the differences in KODEKI's knowledge about abortion had a significant effect on the attitudes taken by young doctors in carrying out abortion.</span></em></p><p class="AbstractNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: -.05pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-left: 0cm;"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><em><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-ID;" lang="EN-ID">Methods:</span></em></strong><em><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-ID; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;" lang="EN-ID"> This research is an analytic observational study with a cross sectional approach. The subjects in this study were students of the Medical Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University. The prerequisite test used the validity test, reliability test and normality test. If the data is normally distributed, the person correlation test will be used, whereas if the data is not normally distributed, the Spearman test is used.</span></em></p><p class="AbstractNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: -.05pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-left: 0cm;"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><em><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-ID;" lang="EN-ID">Results:</span></em></strong><em><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-ID; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;" lang="EN-ID"> In the normality test, it was found that p = 0.101 for the group of knowledge scores on the code of medical ethics about abortion and p = 0.616 for scores on the attitudes of medical students towards abortion. In the Pearson correlation test, the p value was obtained = 0.002, which indicates that the relationship between Knowledge of the Code of Medical Ethics on Abortion and the Attitudes of Medical Students to Abortion is significant because p &lt;0.05. The Pearson correlation value of 0.339 indicates that the correlation is negative with moderate correlation strength.</span></em></p><p class="AbstractNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: -.05pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-left: 0cm;"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><em><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-ID;" lang="EN-ID">Conclusions:</span></em></strong><em><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-ID; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;" lang="EN-ID"> The relationship between knowledge of medical ethics code about abortion and attitudes of medical students towards abortion is statistically significant.</span></em></p><p class="AbstractNormal" style="margin-right: -.05pt;"><em><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-ID; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;" lang="EN-ID"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">   </span></span></em></p><p class="AbstractNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: -.05pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-left: 0cm;"><a name="_Toc500770920"></a><a name="_Toc500770503"></a><a name="_Toc500765498"></a><a name="_Toc500765038"></a><a name="_Toc500763906"></a><a name="_Toc500763792"></a><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc500763906;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc500765038;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc500765498;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc500770503;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc500770920;"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><em><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-ID;" lang="EN-ID">Keywords:</span></em></strong></span></span></span></span></span><em><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-ID; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;" lang="EN-ID">abortion, KODEKI knowledge, attitude</span></em></p>