bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mapping graph state orbits under local complementation
Authors: Adcock Jeremy C. , Morley-Short Sam , Dahlberg Axel , Silverstone Joshua W.
Published: August 2020

Graph states, and the entanglement they posses, are central to modern quantum computing and communications architectures. Local complementation – the graph operation that links all local-Clifford equivalent graph states – allows us to classify all stabiliser states by their entanglement. Here, we study the structure of the orbits generated by local complementation, mapping them up to 9 qubits and revealing a rich hidden structure. We provide programs to compute these orbits, along with our data for each of the 587 orbits up to 9 qubits and a means to visualise them. We find direct links between the connectivity of certain orbits with the entanglement properties of their component graph states. Furthermore, we observe the correlations between graph-theoretical orbit properties, such as diameter and colourability, with Schmidt measure and preparation complexity and suggest potential applications. It is well known that graph theory and quantum entanglement have strong interplay – our exploration deepens this relationship, providing new tools with which to probe the nature of entanglement.
Debt and Voluntary Disclosure
Authors: Beyer Anne , Dye Ronald A.
Published: August 2020

This paper studies equilibrium voluntary disclosures for a company financed with both debt and equity, where the firm's manager is compensated based on a linear combination of the market prices of the firm's equity and enterprise values (i.e., the sum of its values of equity and debt). Such compensation policies span “all equity” contracts, “all debt” contracts, and “all enterprise value” contracts. We show: (1) under both “all equity” and “all debt” contracts, increased debt always leads to reduced voluntary disclosure; (2) under “all enterprise value” contracts, increased debt has no effect on voluntary disclosure; (3) for all contracts that place positive weight on both equity and enterprise values, more debt leads to less (respectively, more) disclosure if the initial debt level is low (respectively, high); (4) increasing the weight on equity prices always induces less disclosure, so: (5) “all equity” contracts minimize disclosures, and “all debt” contracts maximize disclosures.
Definition of mass and production of equations of general relativity
Authors: Krikos Constantinos
Published: August 2020

From the measurements of the anisotropies of the cosmic background radiation at the present time, we get a value for the density parameter (Ω(t)) near to unit, i.e. Ω(t) ∼ 1. The value of the density parameter determines if the Universe is open (Ω(t) < 1), flat (Ω(t) = 1) or closed (Ω(t) > 1)). This result forces us to assume that the boundary of the Universe is a 2D flat space, i.e. the R2 , since its interior is a 3D space as we conceive it. The R2 space is characterized by isotropy and homogeneity. It is a simply connected space and that it does not exhibit any particular characteristic anywhere. These attributes are expressed by a circle of an infinite radius in the center of which is an observer, at every point in the Universe. Since circle is the geometric object from which all other conic sections produced, then we shall examine the equations that characterize them and the consequences of their mappings in the interior of the Universe through one to one correspondences.
Studi Kajian Mengenali Karakteristik Kurikulum LPTK Pada Program Studi Pendidikan Teknik Elektro Universitas Negeri Padang
Authors: Utari Nadia , Ahyanuardi Ahyanuardi , Sukardi Sukardi
Published: August 2020

Perguruan tinggi harus mengenali karakteristik kurikulum masing-masing program studinya agar dapat menyesuaikan dengan perkembangan kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi serta kebutuhan stakeholder dari program studi tersebut. Salah satu yang harus dipahami oleh program studi tersebut adalah mengenali karakteristik kurikulumnya, apa yang menjadi kebutuhan dari program studi dewasa ini. Hal ini perlu diketahui oleh setiap program studi tidak terkecuali dengan program studi Pendidikan Teknik Elektro Universitas Negeri Padang. Dalam hal ini dibutuhan evaluasi, pengayaan, dan penyegaraan kurikulum di perguruan tinggi dengan menambah atau mengurangi mata kuliah untuk mengetahui ketercapaian kurikulum dengan kebutuhan lulusan. Dengan menerapkan studi kajian menegenali karakteristik kurikulum, diharapkan menjadi metode yang dapat diterapkan universitas lain dalam mengenali kurikulum yang digunakan oleh program studi tersebut. Pendekatan ini diharapkan menjadi pola bagi universitas lain untuk menerapkan metode dalam kajian mengenali karaketristik kurikulum dengan menyesuaikan kebutuhan lulusan.
Kendali Kecepatan Motor DC Penguat Terpisah Berbeban Berbasis Arduino
Authors: Arif Dio Taufiq , Aswardi Aswardi
Published: August 2020

Motor DC merupakan salah satu jenis motor yang banyak masih digunakan saat sekarang ini. Motor DC sangat membantu didalam dunia perindustrian. Pada motor DC dibutuhkan sistem untuk mengoperasikannya, yaitu tujuannya mengatur kecepatan motor DC dengan mengendalikan nilai PWM(Pulse Width Modulation)pada saat pengoperasiannya. Perancangan alat ini menggunakan software dan hardware. Adapun komponen Hardware diantaranya rangkaian, catu daya, Arduino, sensor kecepatan, sensor tegangan, sensor arus, gate drive, motor DC dan Software Pemograman bahasa C. Tahap pengujian yang dilakukan yaitu mengukur output tiap komponen. Jika sudah sesuai persyaratan maka siap dioperasikan. Dari hasil pengujian rangkaian keseluruhan yang dilakukan diberikan setpoin kecepatan 500 rpm yang divariasikan dengan beban minimum 1A hingga maksimum 4A, yang kecepatan sebelum dan sesudah di beri beban tetap sama dengan setpoin, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengujian kendali motor dc penguat terpisah berbeban telah berhasil.
KNOWLEDGE-HOW, ABILITY, AND COUNTERFACTUAL SUCCESS. A STATISTICAL INTERPRETATION
Authors: LUDUŞAN Adrian
Published: August 2020

The paper is thematically divided into two parts. In the first part, we will address the arguments raised against the anti-intellectualist thesis that ability is a necessary condition for knowledge-how, present Katherine Hawley’s proposed generic solution based on counterfactual success in order to overcome these arguments, followed by an analysis of Bengson & Moffett’s counterargument to Hawley’s counterfactual success thesis [CST]. We will conclude that Bengson & Moffett’s counterargument misses its target, so that, as far as we are concerned, Katherine Hawley’s proposal, namely CST, is safe. In the second part of the paper, we will provide a statistical interpretation of one of Hawley’s more specific proposals, counterfactual success with occasional failure [CSTF], and assess a couple of philosophically challenging consequences that follow from such an interpretation.
ON AGENCY AND JOINT ACTION
Authors: POPESCU Andreea
Published: August 2020

In this article I focus on two conflicting directions of supraindividualism concerning joint agency. The two representative authors here are Schmitt (2003b) and Pettit (2003). The tension lies between assuming there is a joint agent, without ontologically committing to such an agent, any reference to it being just a façon de parler, or, on the contrary, assuming there is a joint agent and ontologically committing to it. The problem of joint agency is discussed in relation to the problem of joint action. My aim is to provide a critical discussion of the problem of joint agency. For this, I provide an overview of Schmitt’s and Pettit’s approaches to joint agency, and an example meant to raise some doubts regarding Schmitt’s criterion for possessing agency. The paper is structured as follows. In Section 1, I discuss the key concepts concerning this problem. In Section 2, I present Schmitt’s noncommittal approach to joint agency. In Section 3, I present Pettit’s committal approach. In Section 4 and 5, I discuss Schmitt’s criterion for being an agent and why there cannot be a joint agent in the strict existential sense. His criterion relies on a system of beliefs that should be possessed by an agent. In this context, I formulate a critique of this requirement. In the last Section, I follow some of Pettit’s (2003) and Gilbert’s (2004) ideas to provide an example concerning the interaction between individual and group beliefs, which also supports the critique of Schmitt’s criterion.
THE CONTENT OF COMPLEX VISUAL HALLUCINATIONS
Authors: MĂRĂŞOIU Andrei Ionuţ
Published: August 2020

According to a widespread view about the content of conscious experience (Peacocke, 1992; Siegel, 2007), an experience has content when it is accurate relative to a possible scenario. Suppose you saw a ripe tomato. Your visual experience would have content if what you saw looked exactly like a ripe tomato, be it a genuine tomato or an expertly designed wax copy of a tomato. I argue that this view cannot account for the content of a hallucination whose content is impossible. A 95-year old patient seems to see small pumpkins and flowers coming out of her body (Rocha et al., 2012). Intuitively, the patient's hallucination has content. But the accuracy-conditions view has to classify the experience as devoid of content, because what the patient hallucinated is impossible – accurate to no possible scenario. On the concept of flower we possess, it is incoherent for flowers to erupt from under one's skin. This visual hallucination is a counterexample to the view that an experience is endowed with content only relative to its accuracy conditions.
TikTok
Authors: Quiroz Natalia Tamara
Published: August 2020

Este artículo aborda los usos que hacen las y los jóvenes de la aplicación móvil y red social de videos TikTok. Durante el aislamiento causado por la pandemia de COVID-19 se convirtió en la app más descargada y usada. A diferencia de Instagram, TikTok pone en acción a la juventud porque participan activamente de las tendencias que incluyen challenges de baile, actuaciones, tutoriales, entre otros. En esta plataforma coexisten distintos tipos de entretenimiento; sin embargo, su algoritmo secreto pone en duda si visibiliza en mayor medida a jóvenes que cumplen con ciertos estereotipos de belleza.
Nihil novum sub sole
Authors: Storni Paula
Published: August 2020

En el siguiente artículo se realiza una síntesis de los principales debates que han aparecido en la esfera educativa frente al contexto de pandemia y de aislamiento preventivo social obligatorio, retos que, en muchos casos, ya han formado parte de algún capítulo de la historia de la educación. El carácter de excepcional se sitúa en esta contextualidad radical y no tanto en las demandas o los reclamos que desde la sociedad se le hacen hoy a la escuela. La idea de la crisis de la educación, las oposiciones entre las esferas pública y privada, lo virtual y lo presencial, la inclusión y la exclusión, forman parte de una larga tradición de debates. El interrogante clave es hoy cómo pensar en una educación sin escuelas.
The Effect of Providing Government-Borne Import Duties Facility on the Growth and Competitiveness of Indonesia's Manufacturing Industry
Authors: Hendang Setyo Rukmi  , Lukmanulhakim Almamalik
Published: August 2020

This research has its aim to study the effect of providing Government-Borne Import Duty facility on the growth and competitiveness of Indonesia's manufacturing industry. The growth of the manufacturing industry is identified with the growth of production, employment, and contribution to state income through taxes. The background of this research is the existence of government's need to find the effect of the provision of exemption from import duties that have been running since 2008 on the ability of companies to produce goods in order to meet consumer needs, competitiveness, employment, and their contribution to state income. The survey was conducted on 110 companies that use this facility in Indonesia. The research applied the statistical method of sign and percentage test with the unit of analysis at the company and target sector, and groups of companies that receive GBID facility with different frequencies. The results show that the provision of the facility significantly increase the growth and competitiveness of Indonesia's manufacturing industry, especially in production growth, the competitiveness of production costs, sales growth, profits, and company productivity. This facility has different effects on companies under different target sectors. More companies under the guidance of Directorate General of MMTEI experinence innovation raising, time-to-market competitiveness, and machine modernization after being given this facility, while more companies under the guidance of Directorate General of CTMI experience production growth, competitiveness raising in production costs, quality, delivery time, sales growth, productivity, human capital, absorption of production labor, and tax payments. The reason related to this case is the existence of difference in production, product standardization, product cycle times, and technological intensity. The results also show that the difference in frequency of facilitation given only affect in rising the competitiveness of the company's products’ price. Related to the nature of production, GBID facility is more suitable to be given to companies that have production plans rather than companies that only do the task based on project or job orders. It is because the companies that have production plan could do the job with more optimal results than those who don’t.
Aplikasi Penentuan Rute dan Waktu Tempuh ke Halte Transjakarta Terdekat dengan Algoritma Djikstra Berbasis Location Base System
Authors: Dewi Ra'idah Naufaliana , Atmodjo WP Dwi , Purwaningsih Mardiana
Published: August 2020

Saat ini sudah ada aplikasi yang dapat diinstal di ponsel pintar untuk membantu mencari posisi halte terdekat, akan tetapi pengguna harus benar-benar tahu titik keberadaannya saat itu. Hal ini dapat menyulitkan apabila penumpang tersebut adalah pendatang yang tidak mengetahui dengan benar posisinya. Penelitian dengan tujuan menentukan rute dan waktu tempuh ke halte Transjakarta terdekat ini dibuat dengan pendekatan algoritme Dijkstra pada aplikasi mobile di atas platform Android. Aplikasi ini akan dibantu oleh GPS untuk mencari halte terdekat dari posisi pengguna. Aplikasi ini juga dilengkapi dengan deskripsi perjalanan, estimasi waktu tempuh, dan rute alternatif menuju halte Transjakarta. Kelebihan aplikasi ini adalah apabila Wi-Fi atau data seluler tidak berfungsi tetap dapat digunakan karena metode ini akan tetap menunjukkan rute yang perlu ditempuh dengan deskripsi perjalanan yang dimilikinya. Penentuan rute terdekat dalam aplikasi ini tidak perlu menentukan titik akhir seperti halnya aplikasi yang menggunakan algoritme Djikstra lainnya, bahkan dapat memberikan beberapa alternatif halte terdekat. Hal ini dimungkinkan karena aplikasi ini juga menggunakan algoritme Bubblesort untuk mengurutkan halte. Karena tiap halte Transjakarta sudah terintegrasi sehingga kemana pun tujuan dapat diakses dari halte terdekat dan di halte tersebut sudah ada informasi halte transit sesuai dengan tujuan. AbstractCurrently there are applications that can be installed on a smart phone to help find the position of the nearest bus stop, but the user must really know the point of existence at that time. This can be difficult if the passenger is a migrant who does not know his position correctly. The approach used to determine the route and travel time to the nearest Transjakarta bus stop in this study is to use Dijkstra's algorithm on a mobile application on the Android platform. This application will be assisted by GPS to find the nearest stop from the user's position. This application is also equipped with a description of the trip, estimated travel time, and alternative routes to the Transjakarta bus stop. The advantage of this application is that if Wi-Fi or cellular data does not work it can still be used because this method will still show the route that needs to be taken with the description of the trip it has. Determining the closest route in this application does not need to determine the end point as well as applications that use other Djikstra algorithms, can even provide several alternative stops nearby. This is possible because this application also uses the Bubblesort algorithm to sort stops. Because each Transjakarta bus stop has been integrated so that wherever the destination can be accessed from the nearest bus stop and at the stop there is already a transit stop information in accordance with the destination.
Analisis Rekomendasi Calon Debitur Motor pada PT.XYZ menggunakan Algortima C 4.5
Authors: Nurellisa Lilis , Fitrianah Devi
Published: August 2020

PT.XYZ merupakan perusahaan jasa pembiayaan atau leasing dengan berkonsentrasi kepada pembiayaan sepeda motor. Dalam bisnisnya PT.XYZ sering sekali dihadapkan oleh masalah kredit macet atau bahkan penipuan. Hal ini dikarenakan kesalahan dalam pemberian kredit kepada calon debitur yang tidak potensial. Jika tidak ditangani hal ini tentu saja akan berdampak buruk bagi perusahaan. Perusahaan mengalami penurunan kemampuan dalam membayar angsuran pinjaman ke perbankan bahkan dapat berdampak pada kebangkrutan. Dalam hal ini PT.XYZ perlu melalukan analisis untuk menentukan calon debitur yang potensial dengan menggunakan data driven method atau pendekatan berbasis kepada data. Yaitu pengambilan keputusan dengan melihat data pengajuan kredit yang pernah ada sebelumnya yang disebut juga sebagai supervised learning. Algoritma yang digunakan adalah algoritma C4.5 karena algoritma ini dapat mengklasifikasi data yang sudah ada sebelumnya. Dengan algoritma ini akan dihasilkan sebuah pohon keputusan yang akan membantu PT.XYZ dalam pengambilan keputusan. Dengan pengujian menggunakan 3587 sampel data pengajuan kredit dalam kurun waktu 1 tahun akurasi yang didapatkan ialah 97,96%. Dengan begitu hal ini menunjukkan bahwa metode klasifikasi menggunakan algoritma C4.4 berhasil diimplementasikan dengan baik. Hal ini diharapkan dapat membantu PT.XYZ dalam merekomendasikan calon debitur yang potensial. AbstractPT. XYZ is a finance or leasing service company by concentrating on motorcycle financing. In its business, PT. XYZ is often faced with problems of bad credit or even fraud. This is due to an error in giving credit to potential debtors. If it is not handled this, of course, will have a bad impact on the company. Companies experiencing a decline in the ability to repay loan installments to banks can even have an impact on bankruptcy. In this case, PT. XYZ needs to do an analysis to determine potential debtors using data-driven methods or data-based approaches. That is decision making by looking at credit application data that has never been before, which is also called supervised learning. The algorithm used is the C4.5 algorithm because this algorithm can classify pre-existing data. With this algorithm, a decision tree will be produced that will help PT. XYZ in decision making. By testing using 3587 samples of credit filing data within a period of 1 year the accuracy obtained was 97.96%. That way this shows that the classification method using the C4.4 algorithm is successfully implemented properly. This is expected to help PT. XYZ in recommending potential debtors.
Model Prediksi Interaksi Senyawa dan Protein untuk Drug Repositioning menggunakan Deep Semi-Supervised Learning
Authors: Larasati Larasati , Kusuma Wisnu Ananta , Annisa Annisa
Published: August 2020

Drug repositioning adalah penggunaan senyawa obat yang sudah lolos uji sebelumnya untuk mengatasi penyakit baru selain penyakit awal obat tersebut ditujukan. Drug repositioning dapat dilakukan dengan memprediksi interaksi senyawa obat dengan protein penyakit yang bereaksi positif. Salah satu tantangan dalam prediksi interaksi senyawa dan protein adalah masalah ketidakseimbangan data. Deep semi-supervised learning dapat menjadi alternatif untuk menangani model prediksi dengan data yang tidak seimbang. Proses pre-training berbasis unsupervised learning pada deep semi-supervised learning dapat merepresentasikan input dari unlabeled data (data mayoritas) dengan baik dan mengoptimasi inisialisasi bobot pada classifier. Penelitian ini mengimplementasikan Deep Belief Network (DBN) sebagai pre-training dan Deep Neural Network (DNN) sebagai classifier. Data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah dataset ion channel, GPCR, dan nuclear receptor yang bersumber dari pangkalan data KEGG BRITE, BRENDA, SuperTarget, dan DrugBank. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan pada dataset tersebut, pre-training berupa ekstraksi fitur memberikan efek optimasi dilihat dari peningkatan performa model DNN pada akurasi (3-4.5%), AUC (4.5%), precision (5.9-6%), dan F-measure (3.8%). AbstractDrug repositioning is the reuse of an existing drug to treat a new disease other than its original medical indication. Drug repositioning can be done by predicting the interaction of drug compounds with disease proteins that react positively. One of the challenges in predicting the interaction of compounds and proteins is imbalanced data. Deep semi-supervised learning can be an alternative to handle prediction models with imbalanced data. The unsupervised learning based pre-training process in deep semi-supervised learning can represent input from unlabeled data (majority data) properly and optimize initialization of weights on the classifier. This study implements the Deep Belief Network (DBN) as a pre-training with Deep Neural Network (DNN) as a classifier. The data used in this study are ion channel, GPCR, and nuclear receptor dataset sourced from KEGG BRITE, BRENDA, SuperTarget, and DrugBank databases. The results of this study indicate that pre-training as feature extraction had an optimization effect. This can be seen from DNN performance improvement in accuracy (3-4.5%), AUC (4.5%), precision (5.9-6%), and F-measure (3.8%).
Changes in Crimea’s climate over the recent decades
Authors: Degterev Andrey Kharitonovich
Published: August 2020

This article is dedicated to assessment of the climate changes of the Republic of Crimea over the last few decades. Throughout the analysis, the research utilized data on air temperature changes in the temperate latitudes of Europe by paleoclimatic data, as well as by changes in average temperature of surface waters in the Black Sea according coastal measurements. It is demonstrated that on the background of global warming there are natural manifestations of climatic fluctuations with periods of up to 20 years that relate to warm episodes such as El Niño and North-Atlantic fluctuation. The research methodology is based on the modern theory of global warming, which replaced the Milankovitch cycles concept used until the 1980’s. One of the main consequences of global warming for Russia lies in the significant increase in the frequency of reoccurrence of dangerous hydrometeorological phenomena. Examples of such phenomena include strong floods and heat waves. In a number of regions, the increase in temperature is also accompanied by spread of agents of dangerous diseases – ticks and marsh mosquitoes. However, the most notable damage caused by the climate change in Russia comes from drought.  
Redemptive Apotheosis and Joseph Campbell’s Narrative of the Hero’s Journey: August Wilson’s Joe Turner’s Come and Gone Revisited
Authors: Seda Owen
Published: August 2020

Ever since Ma Rainey’s Black Bottom appeared on one of New York’s Broadway stages in 1984, August Wilson’s focus on the history, destiny and identity of African American people during the course of the 20th century through his celebrated 10-play cycle has continued to fascinate and draw the attention of numerous critics all over the world. A good number of these critics focus on the playwright’s depiction of alienation, confusion and despair among African Americans since emancipation. Some among them also identify Wilson’s call for African Americans to locate their destiny and identity in African history with its rich blend of ancestor worship and African spirituality if they are to overcome these challenges. In this article, I carry forward the latter focus and give it a new twist and an innovative thrust. I harness a comparative approach in order to juxtapose traditional film theory with the dramatic form as I argue that August Wilson’s Joe Turner’s Come and Gone can be read against Joseph Campbell’s narrative of the Hero’s Journey. In this comparative approach, my principal argument is that in Joe Turner’s Come and Gone Wilson posits a redemptive apotheosis that is located in African spirituality for members of the black race. Just as in Campbell’s narrative of the Hero’s Journey, Wilson’s redemptive apotheosis is rooted in presenting a mysterious or inscrutable hero/character who travels on a journey that will lead to positive self-discovery not just for himself but also for the generality of Wilson’s African American characters. I argue that although Joseph Campbell’s narrative of the Hero’s Journey is normally associated with film analysis, it is also available as a broad framework with which to analyse Wilson’s play in a fascinating and innovative way. This will further enhance our general understanding of the play.
PAAD: POLITICAL ARABIC ARTICLES DATASET FOR AUTOMATIC TEXT CATEGORIZATION
Authors: Hamed Abd Dhafar , T. Sadiq Ahmed , R. Abbas Ayad
Published: August 2020

Now day’s text Classification and Sentiment analysis is considered as one of the popular Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. This kind of technique plays significant role in human activities and has impact on the daily behaviours. Each article in different fields such as politics and business represent different opinions according to the writer tendency. A huge amount of data will be acquired through that differentiation. The capability to manage the political orientation of an online article automatically. Therefore, there is no corpus for political categorization was directed towards this task in Arabic, due to the lack of rich representative resources for training an Arabic text classifier. However, we introduce political Arabic articles dataset (PAAD) of textual data collected from newspapers, social network, general forum and ideology website. The dataset is 206 articles distributed into three categories as (Reform, Conservative and Revolutionary) that we offer to the research community on Arabic computational linguistics. We anticipate that this dataset would make a great aid for a variety of NLP tasks on Modern Standard Arabic, political text classification purposes. We present the data in raw form and excel file. Excel file will be in four types such as V1 raw data, V2 preprocessing, V3 root stemming and V4 light stemming.
ANALYZING AND EVALUATING THE SECURITY STANDARDS IN WIRELESS NETWORK: A REVIEW STUDY
Authors: Shadeed Al-Mejibli Intisar , Rasheed Alharbe Dr. Nawaf
Published: August 2020

Wireless networks used widely in office, home, and public places so security is one of the significant issues to keep the transmitted information safe. The applied security standards have been developed in response to the demand of high security and the developed hardware with software. Currently, the available security standards are (WEP, WPA, WPA2 and under development WPA3). These security standards are different in the offered security level base on the employed authentication method and encryption algorithms. The major objective of this paper is studying security standards and analyzing them based on their features. In addition to presenting a detailed review about WPA3 and its improvements over the older security standards. The conducted evaluations explained the differences among the Wi-Fi security standards in term of the offered security level, software and hardware requirements.
PENGARUH NAA DAN BAP TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN CIPLUKAN (Physalis angulate L.) SECARA IN-VITRO
Authors: Amri Assidiqi  , Hasan Basri Jumin  , Ernita
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to determine the interactions and main effects of NAA and BAP hormones on the growth of Ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.). The design used in this study is a complete random design (CRD) which consists of two factors. The first factor is N (NAA) which consists of 4 levels, namely: without treatment, 0.1, 1, and 10 mg / l while the second factor is B (BAP) consisting of 4 levels, namely: without treatment, 0.1, 1 and 10 mg / l. The parameters observed were the percentage of hypocotyl explants forming callus, the age of callus appearing, the number of shoots, and the percentage of hypocotyl explants forming roots. The observational data is then statistically analyzed, if the F count is greater than the F table then proceed with the BNJ test at the 5% level. The results showed that the interaction of NAA and BAP gave a significant effect on the age of callus with the best treatment was the administration of 0.1 mg / l NAA and mg / l BAP 1 (N1B2). The main effect of NAA was significantly on the age of callus with the best treatment of 1 mg / l NAA (N2). The main effect of BAP was significantly on the age of callus with the best treatment 1 mg / l BAP (B2) and the percentage of hypocotyl explants forming roots with the best treatment without BAP administration (B0).

Keywords: Ciplukan, NAA, BAP
A Flexible Approach for Engineering Macrocyclic High Performance Pentagonal Bipyramidal Dy(III) Single-Ion Magnets
Authors: Canaj Angelos , Dey Sourav , Wilson Claire , Céspedes Oscar , Gopalan Rajaraman , Murrie Mark
Published: August 2020

A strong uniaxial ligand field generated by the Ph3SiO- ligand combined with the weak equatorial field of the macrocyclic ligand LN5, generates [DyIII(LN5)(Ph3SiO)2]+, a pentagonal bipyramidal Dy(III) Single-Molecule Magnet with a high anisotropy barrier of 1108 K, and hysteresis loops open up to 14 K. Based on our synthetic blueprint, we use ab initio calculations to predict changes to the macrocycle to increase the barrier to ~ 1800 K.
Nonadiabatic Dynamics in Multidimensional Complex Potential Energy Surfaces
Authors: Kossoski Fábris , Barbatti Mario
Published: August 2020

Despite the continuous development of theoretical methodologies for describing nonadiabatic dynamics of molecular systems, there is a lack of approaches for processes where the norm of the wave function is not conserved, i.e., when an imaginary potential accounts for some irreversible decaying mechanism. Current approaches rely on building potential energy surfaces of reduced dimensionality, which is not optimal for more involving and realistic multidimensional problems. Here, we present a novel methodology for describing the dynamics of complex-valued molecular Hamiltonians, which is a generalisation of the trajectory surface hopping method. As a first application, the complex surface fewest switches surface hopping (CS-FSSH) method was employed to survey the relaxation mechanisms of the shape resonant anions of iodoethene. We have provided the first detailed and dynamical picture of the p*/s* mechanism of dissociative electron attachment in halogenated unsaturated compounds, which is believed to underlie electron-induced reactions of several molecules of interest. Electron capture into the p* orbital promotes C=C stretching and out-of-plane vibrations, followed by charge transfer from the double bond into the s* orbital at the C-I bond, and, finally, release of the iodine ion, all within only 15 fs. On-the-fly dynamics simulations of a vast class of processes can be envisioned with the CS-FSSH methodology, including autoionisation from transient anions, core-ionised and superexcited states, Auger and interatomic Coulombic decay, and time-dependent luminescence.
Reinforcing the Supply Chain of COVID-19 Therapeutics with Expert-Coded Retrosynthetic Software
Authors: Lin Yingfu , Zhang Zirong , Mahjour Babak , Wang Di , Zhang Rui , Shim Eunjae , McGrath Andrew , Shen Yuning , Brugger Nadia , Turnbull Rachel , Jasty Shashi , Trice Sarah , Cernak Tim
Published: August 2020

Supply chains become stressed when demand for essential products increases rapidly in times of crisis. This year, the scourge of coronavirus highlighted the fragility of diverse supply chains, affecting the world’s pipeline of hand sanitizer, 1 toilet paper,2 and pharmaceutical starting materials. 3 Many drug repurposing studies are now underway. 4 If a winning therapeutic emerges, it is unlikely that the existing inventory of the medicine, or even the chemical raw materials needed to synthesize it,5 will be available in the quantities required to satisfy global demand. We show the use of a retrosynthetic artificial intelligence (AI) 6-10 to navigate multiple parallel synthetic sequences, and arrive at plausible alternate reagent supply chains for twelve investigational COVID-19 therapeutics. In many instances, the AI utilizes C–H functionalization logic, 11-13 and we have experimentally validated several syntheses, including a route to the antiviral umifenovir that requires functionalization of six C–H bonds. This general solution to chemical supply chain reinforcement will be useful during global disruptions, such as during a pandemic.
Assessing Potential Inhibitors for SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease from Available Drugs using Free Energy Perturbation Simulations
Authors: Ngo Son Tung , Nguyen Hung Minh , Huong Le Thi Thuy , Quan Pham Minh , Truong Vi Khanh , Tung Nguyen Thanh , Vu Van
Published: August 2020

A virtual screening approach using docking and free energy pertubation was successfully validated with previously characterized inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro). This approach and then used to estimate the binding affinity to Mpro of more than 6300 compounds in the ZINC15 database. Delamanid, an anti-tuberculosis agent, has a predicted nanomolar binding affinity for SARS-CoV-2 Mpro and is thus a promissing drug candiate for COVID-19. In addition, several compounds including three antibiotics exhibits femtomolar affinity for SARS-CoV-2 Mpro. The residues around positions 24, 45, 143, 165, and 190 were found to be involved in the binding of the strongest inhibitors.
Mapping the Space of Chemical Reactions using Attention-Based Neural Networks
Authors: Schwaller Philippe , Probst Daniel , Vaucher Alain C. , Nair Vishnu H , Kreutter David , Laino Teodoro , Reymond Jean-Louis
Published: August 2020

Organic reactions are usually assigned to classes grouping reactions with similar reagents and mechanisms. Reaction classes facilitate communication of complex concepts and efficient navigation through chemical reaction space. However, the classification process is a tedious task, requiring the identification of the corresponding reaction class template via annotation of the number of molecules in the reactions, the reaction center and the distinction between reactants and reagents. In this work, we show that transformer-based models can infer reaction classes from non-annotated, simple text-based representations of chemical reactions. Our best model reaches a classification accuracy of 98.2%. We also show that the learned representations can be used as reaction fingerprints which capture fine-grained differences between reaction classes better than traditional reaction fingerprints. The unprecedented insights into chemical reaction space enabled by our learned fingerprints is illustrated by an interactive reaction atlas providing visual clustering and similarity searching.

Code: https://github.com/rxn4chemistry/rxnfpTutorials: https://rxn4chemistry.github.io/rxnfp/Interactive reaction atlas: https://rxn4chemistry.github.io/rxnfp//tmaps/tmap_ft_10k.html
Presentación
Authors: Bernal Lugo Ricardo , Torres Lozano Desireé
Published: August 2020

En la configuración del mundo contemporáneo, la vida, pensada como quehacer humano ha migrado hacia el terreno de lo virtual, a un “habitar la web”. Si bien transgredir la φυσις en términos epistemológicos y ontológicos ha sido una de las misiones de la Filosofía en aras de pensar aquello que está más allá de la materia, es claro que el espacio del Internet ha abierto una dimensión de realidad muy distinta a la que los filósofos clásicos se enfrentaron en su contexto histórico, con respecto a la concepción física que tuvieron en su momento.
Faktor Risiko Kejadian Gastritis di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Bantilang Tahun 2019
Authors: Nirmalarumsari Chrecencya , Tandipasang Febriani
Published: August 2020

Gastritis merupakan penyakit urutan pertama terbanyak di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Bantilang di tahun 2017-2018. Faktor yang memicu terjadinya gastritis diantaranya : pola makan, sosial ekonomi, riwayat gastritis keluarga, konsumsi alkohol, stress, dan obat-obatan. Tujuan penelitian mengetahui faktor risiko antara pola makan, sosial ekonomi, stress, dan kebiasaan mengkonsumsi minuman beralkohol terhadap kejadian gastritis. Desain penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 893 orang, menggunakan rumus slovin dan teknik porposive sampling sehingga diperoleh sampel sebanyak 163 orang. Hasil Penelitian dengan analisa chi-square (Î±=0,05) didapatkan pola makan (P=1,000; OR=1,006), konsumsi alkohol (P=1,000; OR=0,991), Stress (P=0,448; OR=0,986), sosial ekonomi (P=0,390; OR=1,000). Hal ini menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan antara 4 variabel independen dengan kejadian gastritis (P>0,005). Terdapat risiko untuk menderita penyakit gastritis meskipun kurang bermakna. Perlunya Pengoptimalan pelaksanaan program di Dinas terkait untuk membangun sikap masyarakat berprilaku hidup sehat melalui penyuluhan penyakit gastritis dan sosialisasi pencegahan terjadinya penyakit gastritis.Â Â Gastritis is the number one disease in the working area of Bantilang Public Health Center in 2017-2018. Factors that trigger gastritis include : diet, socio economic, family gastritis history, alcohol consumption, stress, and drugs. The purpose of the research was to find out the risk factors between diet, socio economic, stress, and habits of consuming alcoholic beverages against gastritis. The research used analytic observational research design with cross sectional approach. The population was 893 people, taken by using the Slovin formula. Purposive sampling technique were used to obtain the sample of 163 people. Research results with chi-square analysis (Î±=0,05) found a diet (P=1,000; OR=1,006), alcohol consumption (P=1,000; OR=0,991), stress (P=0,448; OR=0,986), social economy (P=0,390; OR=1,000) meant there was no correlation between 4 independent variables with the incidence of gastritis (P>0,005). There was a risk of suffering from gastritis even though less significant. It is needed to optimize the implementation of the programs in the health center to build community attitudes towards healthy living through counseling for gastritis and promoting the prevention of gastritis.Â
Edukasi Berpengaruh terhadap Pemberian Stimulasi Perkembangan Anak Usia 12-24 Bulan oleh Ibu di Posyandu Desa Tambakrejo Kabupaten Puworejo
Authors: Khofiyah Nidatul
Published: August 2020

Pemberian stimulasi merupakan hal penting yang dibutuhan anak dalam masa pertumbuhan dan perkembangannya. Pemantauan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak yang dilaksanakan secara tepat dan terarah menjamin tumbuh kembang anak lebih optimal yang menjadikan anak berkualitas, cerdas, bertanggung jawab dan berdaya guna bagi nusa dan bangsa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melihat pengaruh edukasi terhadap pemberian stimulasi pada anak usia 12-24 bulan oleh ibu. Penelitian ini menggunakan quasi eksperimen dengan non-equivalent control group design. Sampel penelitian adalah ibu yang memiliki balita usia 12-24 bulan di Posyandu Desa Tambakrejo dengan jumlah sampel 20 responden untuk masing-masing kelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini menggunakan SAP dan booklet untuk panduan pemberian edukasi stimulasi dan kuesioner terstruktur untuk data pemberian stimulasi oleh ibu. Analisis menggunakan uji Independen T-Test. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada perilaku pemberian stimulasi sebelum dan setelah diberikan intervensi edukasi stimulasi pada ibu. Peran kader berpengaruh terhadap pemberian stimulasi oleh ibu kepada anak, sehingga perlu pembinaan untuk kader tentang pemberian stimulasi perkembangan anak yang baik dan terarah melalui pelatihan-pelatihan.Â Provision of stimulation is an important thing that is needed by children in their growth and development. Monitoring the growth and development of children carried out correctly and directed to ensure the development of children is more optimal that makes children of quality, intelligent, responsible and efficient for the homeland and the nation. The purpose of this study is to look at the effect of education on the provision of stimulation in children aged 12-24 months by mothers. This research method uses quasi-experimental with non-equivalent control group design. The study sample was mothers who have children aged 12-24 months in Posyandu Tambakrejo Village with a sample of 20 respondents for each intervention and control groups. The instruments in this study used SAP, booklet and structured questionnaires. The analysis uses the Independent T-Test. The results of this study stated that there were significant differences in the behavior of stimulation before and after the stimulation education intervention was given to the mother. The role of cadres influences the provision of stimulation by the mother to the child, so there is a need for coaching for cadres about providing stimulation of good and directed through training.
Analisis Faktor Determinan yang berhubungan dengan Kepatuhan Rekomendasi Modifikasi Gaya Hidup Pasien Hipertensi
Authors: Qodir Abdul
Published: August 2020

Penatalaksanaan farmakologis dan non farmakologis dipercaya dapat mengontrol tekanan darah dan mencegah komplikasi, tetapi banyak pasien hipertensi tekanan darahnya tidak terkontrol. Hal tersebut dikarenakan kepatuhan yang buruk dalam melaksanakan rekomendasi gaya hidup. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis determinan faktor yang berhungan dengan kepatuhan melaksanakan rekomendasi modifikasi gaya hidup. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode cross-sectional di pukesmas dinoyo Kota Malang tahun 2019. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan Consecutive Sampling. Kuesioner yang digunakan meliputi : karakteristik demografi, pengetahuan dan rekomendasi mofifikasi gaya hidup pasien hipertensi. Hubungan antara rekomendasi modifikasi gaya hidup dengan variabel independen dianalisis menggunakan uji chi square dan analisis regresi logistik. 140 pasien hipertensi berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini (60 laki-laki, 80 wanita). Prevalensi kepatuhan adalah 28,6 %. Tingkat pengetahuan berhubungan signifikanÂ  dengan kepatuhan melaksanakan rekomendasi gaya hidup (p=0,00). Jenis kelamin, usia, dan tingkat pendidikan tidak mempunyai hubungan signifikan dengan kepatuhan rekomendasi modifikasi gaya hidup (p= 0,06; p=0,21; p=0,87). Pengetahuan mempunyai hubungan yang signifikan dengan kepatuhan rekomendasi modifikasi gaya hidup.Â Management of pharmacological and non-pharmacological is believed to control blood pressure and prevent complications, Â but many hypertensive patients have uncontrolled blood pressure. This is due to poor adherence to recommended lifestyle modifications. This study was aimed to determine the factors associated with adherence to recommended lifestyle modifications of hypertensive patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Pukesmas Dinoyo Malang in 2019. Consecutive Sampling was used to select study subjects. The questionnaire included information about demographic characteristics, knowledge, practice of lifestyle-modification measures. Associations between adherence to lifestyle modification and independent variables were analyzed using chi square and multivariate logistic regression analysis. 140 hypertensive patients participated in the study (60 men, 80 women). The prevalence of adherence was 28.6%. The level of knowledge was significant associated with adherence to recommended lifestyle modifications (p = 0.00). Genders , age, and educational level were no significant associated with to recommended lifestyle modifications (p= 0.06; p=0.21; p=0.87). Knowledge was significant associated with adherence to recommended lifestyle modifications of hypertensive patients.
Hubungan Upaya Ibu dalam Mempersiapkan Masa Pubertas dengan Perilaku Seksual Remaja
Authors: Septina Yona
Published: August 2020

Rendahnya kontrol orang tua terhadap prilaku seksual remaja dapat menyebabkan remaja melakukan prilaku seksual yang beresiko. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan upaya ibu dalam mempersiapkan masa pubertas dengan perilaku seksual remaja di Desa Sukamantri Kecamatan Sukamantri Kabupaten Ciamis tahun 2016. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif analitik. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh remaja awal usia 12 sampai 15 di Desa Sukamantri Kecamatan Sukamantri Kabupaten Ciamis tahun 2016 sebanyak 1.113 orang. Ukuran sampel yang digunakan adalah sebanyak 92 orang dengan cara random sampling dan menggunakan rumus slovin. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan angket dengan skala Guttman. Uji hipotesis menggunakan uji Chi-Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa upaya ibu dalam mempersiapkan masa pubertas di di Desa Sukamantri Kabupaten Ciamis termasuk kategori baik 53,3% dan kurang 46,7%. Perilaku seksual remaja di Desa Sukamantri Kabupaten CiamisÂ  termasuk kategori baik 56,5% dan buruk 43,5%. Hubungan upaya ibu mempersiapkan masa pubertas dengan perilaku seksual remaja di Desa Sukamantri Kabupaten Ciamis dengan nilai ï£2 = 80,644 dengan derajat kebebasan (df) 1 dan p-value atau Sig 0,000, dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan signifikan antara upaya ibu dalam mempersiapkan pubertas dengan dengan prilaku seksual remaja sehingga peran ibu dalam mempersiapkan masa remaja sangat penting untuk dilakukan.Â Low parental control over adolescent sexual behavior can cause teens to engage in risky sexual behavior. This study aimed to determine the correlation of maternal efforts in preparing for puberty and teenage sexual behavior in Sukamantri Village, Sukamantri District, Ciamis Regency in 2016. This study was a descriptive analytic study. The population in this study was all early teens aged 12 to 15 in Sukamantri Village, Sukamantri District, Ciamis Regency in 2016 as many as 1,113 people. The sample was 92 people taken by random sampling and using the Slovin formula. The instrument used a Guttman scale questionnaire. The hypothesis testing used the Chi-Square test. The results showed that maternal efforts in preparing for puberty in Sukamantri Village, Ciamis Regency were 53.3% in the good category and 46.7% less in the lack category. Teenage sexual behavior in Sukamantri Village, Ciamis Regency was 56.5% in the good category and 43.5% in bad category. The correlation ofmaternal efforts to prepare for puberty and adolescent sexual behavior in Sukamantri Village, Ciamis Regency with a value of ï£2 = 80,644 with degrees of freedom (df) 1 and p-value or Sig 0,000. It could be concluded that there was a significant correlation between maternal efforts in preparing puberty with teenage sexual behavior. The role of mothers in preparing for adolescence is very important things to do.