bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ناکامی جامعۀ جهانی در مبارزه با تهدیدات امنیتی افغانستان
Authors: محدثی (موسوی) محمد جواد ,   ماستر روابط بین‎الملل و عضو هیأت علمی دانشگاه خاتم‏النبیین(ص)
Published: July 2024

در طول تاريخ افغانستان، ناامنى‌ها به‌نحوی وجود داشته‌اند؛ اما فعاليت گروه‌هاى تروريستى، مافيايي و قاچاقچيان مواد مخدر با كمك قدرت‌هاى بزرگ جهاني و منطقه‌اى، ناامني‌ها را در این کشور شدت بخشيده، اين فعاليت‌ها را از مرزهاى افغانستان عبور داده و با تحولات جدید در افغانستان، صفحۀ جديدی را در تاريخ این کشور رقم زده است. حال پرسش اساسی پژوهش این است که ناکامی جامعۀ جهانی در تهدیدات امنیتی افغانستان چگونه بوده است. هدف این مقاله این است که نقش جامعۀ جهانى را در مقابله با تهديدات امنيتى از ناحیۀ افغانستان را به‌ويژه در امر مبارزه با تروريزم و مواد مخدر بررسی کند. روش‌ كار و چارچوب نظري اين مقاله بر اساس رويكرد نئورئاليسم است. نئورئاليسم به بحث وابستگى متقابل ميان دولت‌ها و تأثيرپذيري آن‌ها از ساختار نظام بين‌الملل توجه خاصی دارد. یافته‌های این تحقیق نشان می‌دهند که نقش جامعۀ جهانى و آمريكا در مقابله با تهديدات امنيتى با پرداخت هزينه‌‌هاى گزاف در جنگ عليه تروريزم و مواد مخدر در افغانستان ناكام بوده است. دليل موفق نبودن و ناكامى جامعۀ جهانى در مقابله با تهديدات امنيتى، صداقت نداشتن در مبارزۀ جدى، هرج‌ومرج حاكم بر روابط دولت‌‌ها، يك‌جانبه‌گرايي و تعقيب منافع برخى از اعضاى جامعۀ جهانى و استفادۀ ابزارى از تروريزم و مواد مخدر در افغانستان است.
A RESTAURAÇÃO COMO PARADIGMA PARA A SOLUÇÃO PACÍFICA DE CONTROVÉRSIAS ORIUNDAS DA SUBIDA DO NÍVEL DO MAR
Authors: Lourenço Gomes de Sá Aline Aparecida
Published: July 2024

Resumo: As mudanças climáticas têm causado a alteração das propriedades do clima de forma prolongada no tempo, gerando não apenas eventos climáticos extremos ao redor do globo, mas impacto nos oceanos. De acordo com o IPCC (The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change), há consenso científico com relação a elevação do nível médio do mar, que gera consequências para os habitantes dos Estados arquepelágicos, ilhas, Estados insulares, Estados costeiros, dentre outros. Estas consequências variam, mas dentre elas está o risco de desaparecimento parcial ou total do território desses Estados, aumento da vulnerabilidade e a necessidade de deslocamento da população local. Nesse contexto podem surgir conflitos que precisarão ser resolvidos não apenas a nível interno, mas a nível internacional. No entanto, os instrumentos tradicionalmente consagrados para resolução de conflitos internacionais são suficientes? Verifica-se que institucionalmente, principalmente no âmbito da Convenção de Montego Bay e da Corte Internacional de Justiça, não há impedimento para que os Estados escolham mecanismos para solução pacífica de seus conflitos, porém, não existe espaço institucionalizado para práticas múltiplas dentro do conceito da multi-door courthouse, tal como as de justiça restaurativa. Contudo, a justiça restaurativa pode se apresentar como um instrumento importante e integrador, garantindo que as comunidades atingidas pela elevação do nível do mar, principalmente os mais pobres, possam participar do processo de construção da solução dos problemas. Palavras-chave: Mudanças climáticas; elevação do nível do mar; resolução pacífica de conflitos; multi-door courthouse; e governança ambiental.
A MANIPULAÇÃO DE IMAGENS ÍNTIMAS DE MENORES DE IDADE ATRAVÉS DA INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL E A CORRELAÇÃO COM O BULLYING E CYBERBULLYING
Authors: Mota Tassigny Mônica , Gomes de Barros Fernandes Távora Mariana , Alves Dantas Karen
Published: July 2024

Resumo: No contexto da sociedade digitalizada, a disseminação de ferramentas avançadas de inteligência artificial têm gerado uma preocupação crescente: o uso dessas tecnologias para criar imagens, vídeos e áudios relacionados à pornografia infantil. A prática é facilitada pelo uso de aplicativos para esse fim e quando utilizados pelos próprios jovens no ambiente escolar, fomenta a ocorrência do bullying e do cyberbullying. Estes fenômenos são caracterizados pela intimidação sistemática perpetrada analogicamente ou via plataformas online, de forma a atacar a integridade psicossocial das vítimas, apresentando desafios complexos para o desenvolvimento de jovens. Este artigo propõe explorar as implicações desse cenário, com foco nos impactos no direito fundamental à privacidade e à intimidade de crianças e adolescentes, analisando a legislação existente e projetos de lei que podem contribuir para a preservação da vítima. Com esse fim, indaga-se: Como a regulação atual enfrenta os desafios associados à manipulação de imagens íntimas de menores de idade por meio de inteligência artificial, e de que maneira esses desafios se relacionam com o aumento do bullying e cyberbullying? A pesquisa se baseia em revisão bibliográfica e documental para abordar o tema de maneira abrangente. Os resultados destacam a urgência de regulamentação do uso de inteligência artificial em casos que envolvem conteúdo prejudicial à integridade de crianças e adolescentes, visando proteger esses grupos vulneráveis. Palavras-chave: Bullying; Cyberbullying; Inteligência Artificial; Imagens Íntimas; Menores de Idade.
LEGAL SITUATION OF DIGITAL ASSETS IN THE EVENT OF THE DEATH OF THEIR USER. REFLECTIONS ON THE LAW OF THE FUTURE
Authors: Załucki Mariusz
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT: Reflecting on the future of law as it relates to the legal situation of digital assets is not the easiest thing to do. Indeed, globally, this phenomenon is well recognised but differently understood. The approaches of the legislature and judicature to date to solving the problems arising in this regard are also different. In this text, the author attempts to reflect on the future of this area of law. He presents a solution to Catalan law which, in his opinion, may in the future prove to be an interesting paradigm also for other legislators. It combines a number of aspects of the problem, which are not possible to combine in the application of the traditional instruments of succession law. The article concludes by pointing out that it is necessary to observe the practice of the law in order to be able to assess in time how well this solution works in practice. Key words: digital assets, succession, inheritance, Catalan law.
Nghiên cứu nhiệt phân nhựa tái chế từ rác sinh hoạt để sản xuất nhiên liêu
Authors: Van Dinh Son Tho
Published: July 2024

Waste plastic originates from different sources. Currently, plastic mixed with solid municipal waste is separated for recycling and incineration. Waste plastic is derived from crude oil and can be converted into fuel by pyrolysis. This study conducted experiments on pyrolysis of plastic at 500oC, which was separated from household waste, and evaluated the properties of pyrolysis oil. Using FCC waste catalyst to improve the clouding point of pyrolysis oil products has been measured and discussed. Based on an experimental data, a process for plastic pyrolysis combination with vapor cracking unit is proposed and adapted to the infranstructure  of a waste treatment plant in Central Vietnam
Empowering Youth for Social Change: The Role of Social Entrepreneurship Education
Authors: Ramasamy James , Moripi Fransiscus B. , Chan Kevin
Published: July 2024

Empowering youth to drive social change is imperative for building sustainable communities and addressing pressing societal challenges. Social entrepreneurship education emerges as a critical tool in fostering the necessary skills, mindset, and resources among young individuals. This research article examines the pivotal role of social entrepreneurship education in empowering youth for social change. Through a comprehensive review of existing literature and case studies, this study explores the significance of integrating social entrepreneurship education into youth development programs and formal education systems. Furthermore, it investigates the impact of such education on enhancing youths' capacity to identify social issues, develop innovative solutions, and implement sustainable ventures. The article also discusses the challenges and opportunities associated with implementing social entrepreneurship education initiatives, along with recommendations for policymakers, educators, and practitioners to effectively empower youth for meaningful social impact.
Peran Badan Permusyawaratan Desa (BPD) Dalam Pelaksanaan Kebijakan Vaksinasi Covid-19
Authors: Oratmangun Alfalyan Paschalis
Published: July 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah 1) Mengetahui Peran Badan Permusyawaratan Desa (BPD) dalam pelaksanaan Vaksinasi Covid-19 di Desa Sumbersekar Kecamatan Dau Kabupaten Malang; 2) Mengetahui Wewenang  Badan Permusyawaratan Desa (BPD) dalam pelaksanaan Vaksinasi Covid-19 di Desa Sumbersekar Kecamatan Dau Kabupaten Malang; 3) mengetahui Hak dan Tanggung Jawab Badan Permusyawaratan Desa (BPD) dalam pelaksanaan Vaksinasi Covid-19 di Desa Sumbersekar Kecamatan Dau Kabupaten Malang; 4) Mengetahui Faktor – faktor yang mempengaruhi Peran Badan Permusyawaratan Desa (BPD) dalam pelaksanaan Vaksinasi Covid-19 di Desa Sumbersekar Kecamatan Dau Kabupaten Malang. Hasil penelitia diperolah kesimpulan. 1) Peran Badan Permusyawaratan Desa (BPD) di Desa Sumbersekar Kecamatan Dau Kabupaten Malang yaitu A.Menggerakan perangkat pemerintah desa untuk megsosialisai masyarakat dalam pelaksanaan Vaksinasi Covid-19, B.Mengayomi dan mendorong partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengenalan vaksinasi, C. Terlibat dalam membantu Pemerintah Pusat untuk mengsukseskan vaksinasi bagi penduduk Indonesia, D.Mengkoordinir pelaksanaan vaksinasi covid-19; 2) Wewenang dalam pelaksanaan kegaiatan vaksinasi covid-19 di Desa Sumbersekar kecamatan Dau kabupaten Malang yaitu: A. Memberikan pengarahan kepada bawahan atau masyarakat, B.Menggali, menampung, menghimpun, merumuskandan menyalurkan aspirasi masyarakat, C.Mengawasi pelaksanaan kegiatan vaksinasi covid-19, D.Mengambil keputusan dalam proses pelaksanaan kegaiatan vaksinasi covid-19; 3) Hak dan Tanggung jawab BPD (Badan Permusyawaratan Desa) lembaga legislatif mempunyai hak dan tanggung jawab dalam membuat suatu kebijakan. Kebijakan yang di buat oleh BPD berupa peraturan desa atau ketentuan desa yang di berlakukan bagi segenap warga masyarakat di desa, sama halnya dengan pelaksanaan vaksinasi covid-19 adalah salah satu hak dan tanggung jawab BPD karena BPD berperan sebagai pelayan masyarakat.
Potensi Pengembangan Pangan Ikan Haruan Sebagai Ikan Lokal Kalimantan Tengah melalui Perbaikan Sistem P4t1 di Era Milenial
Authors: Prisca Pricilla Chintya , Nedik Mira , Pebti Fauziah Lutfiatul
Published: July 2024

Kalimantan Tengah merupakan salah satu provinsi terbesar yang berada di Pulau Kalimantan yang berbatasan langsung dengan laut Jawa. Pulau Kalimantan terkenal dengan banyaknya sungai yang ada. Di berbagai daerah di Kalimantan Tengah juga memiliki banyak anak sungai. Sehinga, sumber daya perikanan yang ada di Kalimantan Tengah sangatlah melimpah. Menurut data BPS Provinsi Kalteng tahun 2016 total produksi pengolahan perikanan Kalimantan Tengah sebesar 5,4 juta ton.  Pada tahun 2016 unit pengolahan hasil perikanan Kalimantan Tengah berjumlah 2.466 unit dengan berbagai macam jenis pengolahan seperti penggaraman, pemindangan, fermentasi, dan pengasapan. Di era milenial seperti sekarang ini minat masyarakat untuk mengkonsumsi ikan juga bervariatif. Masyarakat lebih suka mengkonsumsi ikan dalam bentuk olahan seperti nugget, bakso, ikan kalengan, kerupuk, maupun jenis olahan ikan lainnya. Sehingga untuk menarik minat konsumen dalam mengkonsumsi ikan terutama ikan haruan sebagai ikan lokal Kalimantan Tengah diperlukan sebuah strategi produksi yang diperankan oleh para milenial yang dapat berkontribusi aktif dalam pengembangan pangan lokal melalui produk olahan ikan yang berdaya saing tinggi. Salah satu strategi yang dapat diterapkan dalam meningkatkan pangan ikan lokal yaitu P4T1 (Product, Price, Packaging, Promotion and Taste). Melalui desain ini, diharapkan adanya peningkatan pangan lokal khususnya ikan haruan sebagai ikan lokal daerah.
Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Keputusan Penggunaan Benih Padi di Desa Lembah Asri Kecamatan Weda Selatan Kabupaten Halmahera Tengah
Authors: Mahmud Haris , Basuki Natal , Fatmawati Mila
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa secara simultan variable umur, pendiidkan, pengalaman, luas lahan, partisipasi kelompok tani dan status kepemilikan lahan yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan benih bersertifikat. Secara parsial partisipasi kelompok tani dan status kepemilikan lahan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan penggunaan benih bersertifikat di Desa Lembah Asri Kecamatan Weda Selatan Kabupaten Halmahera Tengah. Koefeisien determinasi (Adjusted RSquare) sebesar 0,725 hal ini menunjukan bahwa besar pengaruh terhadap keputusan penggunaan benih bersertifikat yang bisa dijelaskna oleh enam variable bebas yaitu umur, Pendidikan, pengalaman, luas lahan, partisipasi kelompok tani dan status kepemilikan lahan sebesar 68,5% dan sisanya 42% dijelaskan oleh variable lain yang tidak termasuk dalam model.
Foundations of Bibliometric Writing: A Comprehensive Guide for Novice Researchers
Authors: Sangadji Suwandi S.
Published: July 2024

In the rapidly evolving landscape of academic research, bibliometrics has emerged as a crucial tool for scholars and researchers, offering a quantitative approach to analyze bibliographic data. This comprehensive guide focuses on empowering novice researchers with a profound understanding of bibliometric writing, covering fundamental concepts, including statistical literature, citation patterns, and publication trends. The guide also explores the use of bibliometrics to identify collaborations, understand metrics like the h-index and impact factor, and enhance research visibility. Practical examples and case studies are provided to facilitate hands-on learning. The first part introduces basic concepts, while subsequent sections delve into publication trends, collaboration identification, and various bibliometric metrics. The guide concludes by emphasizing the transformative potential of bibliometrics, allowing researchers to surpass traditional boundaries, make informed decisions, and contribute meaningfully to their academic fields.
Assessing the Implementation of Social Security Program for Tobacco Farmers in Jember Regency
Authors: Kardio Bana , Susilo Achmadi , Wisnujati Nugrahini Susantinah
Published: July 2024

This research delves into the implementation of social security programs, particularly focusing on tobacco farm workers in Jember regency, Indonesia. Despite the mandatory nature of the BPJS Ketenagakerjaan, many tobacco farm laborers remain uncovered, posing risks to their social and economic well-being. Utilizing a quantitative research methodology, the study employs questionnaires and statistical analysis to understand the factors influencing participation in the BPJS Employment program. Findings reveal that variables such as Program Urgency, Farmers' Knowledge, Program Benefits, Farmers' Expectations, and the Role of Local Government collectively explain 67.5% of tobacco farmers' participation. Notably, Program Urgency and Program Benefits significantly impact participation, highlighting the vital role of social security in providing financial assurance against job-related risks. Moreover, active involvement of the Local Government is essential in fostering farmers' interest and engagement in the program. These findings underscore the significance of social security programs for tobacco farm workers, emphasizing the need for government support and facilitation to enhance program participation and ensure the welfare of vulnerable laborers.
Sustainable Tourism through Coffee: Agrotourism Development in Turekisa Village, East Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Nono Elfridus Andi Loke , Patiung Markus , Sastryawanto Hary
Published: July 2024

Agrotourism in Indonesia stands as a vital potential for development support. Indonesia boasts numerous agrotourism destinations, with one such developed site located in Turekisa Village, Ngada Regency, East Nusa Tenggara (NTT). This tourist destination has gained prominence due to its breathtaking natural beauty, often dubbed as the "land above the clouds," a reputation that continues to grow alongside the increasing number of visitors to the hills and the abundant natural resources, particularly the substantial coffee production at Bukit Wolobobo. The coffee cultivated around Bukit Wolobobo is of the Arabica variety. The aim of this study is to analyze strengths, opportunities, weaknesses, and threats, and to determine development strategies for coffee-based agrotourism in Turekisa Village, Ngada Regency. The research methodology employs SWOT analysis, drawing data from interviews with six key informants: the Head of Agriculture Department, Head of Tourism Department, Agricultural Extension Officer, Chairperson of the Coffee Farmers' Group, Tourism Management, and Community Leaders. The findings of this study indicate placement in Quadrant I, suggesting that the coffee plantation agrotourism in Turekisa Village needs to be maintained and further enhanced given its significant quality potential.
Analyzing Preprocessing Impact on Machine Learning Classifiers for Cryotherapy and Immunotherapy Dataset
Authors: Setiadi De Rosal Ignatius Moses , Islam Hussain Md Mehedul , Trisnapradika Gustina Alfa , Herowati Wise
Published: July 2024

In the clinical treatment of skin diseases and cancer, cryotherapy and immunotherapy offer effective and minimally invasive alternatives. However, the complexity of patient response demands more sophisticated analytical strategies for accurate outcome prediction. This research focuses on analyzing the effect of preprocessing in various machine learning models on the prediction performance of cryotherapy and immunotherapy. The preprocessing techniques analyzed are advanced feature engineering and Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE) and Tomek links as resampling techniques and their combination. Various classifiers, including support vector machine (SVM), Naive Bayes (NB), Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest (RF), XGBoost, and Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit (BiGRU), were tested. The findings of this study show that preprocessing methods can significantly improve model performance, especially in the XGBoost model. Random Forest also gets the same results as XGBoost, but it can also work better without significant preprocessing. The best results were 0.8889, 0.8889, 0.6000, 0.9037, and 0.8790, respectively, for accuracy, recall, specificity, precision, and f1 on the Immunotherapy dataset, while on the Cryotherapy dataset, respectively, they were 0.8889, 0.8889, 0.6000, 0.9037, and 0.8790. This study confirms the potential of customized preprocessing and machine learning models to provide deep insights into treatment dynamics, ultimately improving the quality of diagnosis.
مدونة ISPS
Authors:   International Maritime Organization
Published: July 2024

The Code aims, among other things, to establish an international framework for co-operation between Contracting Governments, Government agencies, local administrations and the shipping and port industries to detect security threats and take preventive measures against security incidents affecting ships or port facilities used in international trade and to establish relevant roles and responsibilities at the national and international level.
Documents officiels de la Conférence internationale de 1976 sur la limitation de la responsabilité en matière de créances maritimes
Authors:   Organisation maritime internationale
Published: July 2024

This publication contains documents issued in connection with the Conference.
Muestreo del material de dragado
Authors:   Organización Marítima Internacional
Published: July 2024

The guidance contained in this Guidelines for the Sampling and Analysis of Dredged material Intended for Disposal at Sea, addresses the points above and is an amalgamation of two documents produced for the London Convention and the 1996 Protocol thereto:Guidelines for the sampling of sediment intended for disposal at sea (LC 24/17, addendum 1)Selection and analysis of physical and chemical parameters for the assessment of Dredged material quality (LC/SG 26/12, annex 2)
Contrôle du respect des dispositions à l’aide de techniques simples et peu coûteuses
Authors:   Organisation maritime internationale
Published: July 2024

L’objet de la présente publication est de fournir des renseignements pratiques sur des méthodes simples et peu coûteuses qui permettent de vérifier s’il est satisfait aux conditions dont sont assortis les permis d’évacuation en mer de déchets et d’autres matières. Les principaux destinataires des présentes recommandations sont les pays qui n’en sont qu’au premier stade de l’élaboration de mesures d’évaluation et de surveillance des déchets et de programmes connexes de délivrance de permis d’évacuation en mer de déchets et d’autres matières.
Directives pour la lutte contre les déversements d’hydrocarbures dans les courants rapides
Authors:   Organisation maritime internationale
Published: July 2024

Les présentes directives ont pour objet de fournir au personnel chargé de la lutte contre les déversements d’hydrocarbures des renseignements essentiels et une aide pratique pour l’élaboration de stratégies d’intervention et la mise en œuvre de mesures de confinement et de nettoyage en cas de déversement d’hydrocarbures dans les eaux rapides.Elles sont destinées aux personnes qui connaissent déjà les principes de base du confinement et de la récupération des hydrocarbures à l’aide du matériel classique de lutte contre les déversements, tels les barrages et les écrémeurs, et elles contiennent des renseignements sur les aspects à prendre en considération et les stratégies à adopter pour lutter contre la pollution dans les courants rapides.
Guidelines for Ensuring the Adequacy of Port Waste Reception Facilities
Authors:   International Maritime Organization
Published: July 2024

The Marine environment protection Committee, at its forty-fourth session (March 2000), adopted, by resolution MEPC.83(44), Guidelines for Ensuring the Adequacy of Port Waste Reception Facilities.
The intention of these Guidelines is to provide guidance on the determination of adequacy of reception facilities for ship-generated waste as part of the implementation of MARPOL. Widespread use of the Guidelines will assist States to overcome the problem of determining the need for reception facilities.
IMO Guidelines on Ship Recycling
Authors:   International Maritime Organization
Published: July 2024

The present publication contains the consolidated text of the IMO Guidelines on Ship Recycling adopted by Assembly resolution A.962(23), as amended by Assembly resolution A.980(24), while also referring to the existence and relevance of the guidelines on the same subject by ILO and by the Basel Convention.
IGC مدونة
Authors:   International Maritime Organization
Published: July 2024

يتمثل الغرض من المـدونة الدولية لبناء وتجهيز السفن ناقلة الغازات المُسالة السائبة (مدونة IGC لعام 1993) في وضع معيار دولي للنقل البحري الآمن للغازات المسالة (وغيرها من المواد المدرجة في المدونة) في صورة سائبة. ومن أجل الحد من الأخطار المحتملة على السفن التي تحمل هذه المواد وعلى أفراد أطقمها وعلى البيئة، تحدِّد المدونة معايير التصميم والبناء الخاصة بهذه السفن وما ينبغي أن تحمله من معدات.

ولا تزال هذه المدونة سارية وتنطبق على جميع السفن المعنية المبنية قبل 1 كانون الثاني/يناير 2016.
Convention SUA
Authors:   Organisation maritime internationale
Published: July 2024

La présente publication contient :

la Conférence internationale sur la répression d’actes illicites contre la sécurité de la navigation maritime (Rome, 1988)

l’Acte final de la Conférence

la Convention pour la répression d’actes illicites contre la sécurité de la navigation maritime

le Protocole pour la répression d’actes illicites contre la sécurité des plates-formes fixes situées sur le plateau continental
Convention SNPD de 2010
Authors:   Organisation maritime internationale
Published: July 2024

La présente publication est divisée en trois parties.

Partie 1

Convention internationale de 2010 sur la responsabilité et l’indemnisation pour les dommages liés au transport par mer de substances nocives et potentiellement dangereuses (Convention SNPD de 2010)

Aperçu de la Convention SNPD de 2010

Directives relatives à la notification des cargaisons SNPD donnant lieu à contribution

Partie 2

Protocole de 2010 à la Convention internationale de 1996 sur la responsabilité et l’indemnisation pour les dommages liés au transport par mer de substances nocives et potentiellement dangereuses

Acte final de la Conférence internationale de 2010 sur la révision de la Convention SNPD

Partie 3

Convention internationale de 1996 sur la responsabilité et l’indemnisation pour les dommages liés au transport par mer de substances nocives et potentiellement dangereuses (Convention SNPD)

Acte final de la Conférence internationale de 1996 sur les substances nocives et potentiellement dangereuses et la limitation de la responsabilité, accompagné des quatre résolutions de la Conférence
Manuel sur la pollution par les hydrocarbures
Authors:   Organisation maritime internationale
Published: July 2024

La présente édition de la Section IV tire les leçons de l'expérience acquise dans le monde entier par les gouvernements et l'industrie en matière de lutte contre la pollution par les hydrocarbures au cours des trente dernières années. Elle complète la version précédente et dresse un aperçu clair et précis du niveau actuel des connaissances, de l'expertise et de la compréhension en matière de réduction des effets des déversements d'hydrocarbures.Cette section couvre le comportement et le cheminement des différents types d'hydrocarbures déversés, et leurs effets sur les ressources marines et côtières, et contient de nouveaux chapitres consacrés au brûlage sur place et aux mesures de biorestauration.
压载水管理公约和压载水管理系统规则以及实施导则
Authors:   国际海事组织
Published: July 2024

《2004年国际船舶压载水和沉积物控制和管理公约》（《压载水管理公约》）旨在通过控制和管理船舶的压载水和沉积物，以防止、减少以及最终消除由于有害水生物和病原体的转移对环境、人体健康、财产和资源造成的风险。《压载水管理公约》还致力于避免压载水控制产生的不当副作用，同时鼓励相关知识和技术的发展。
2018年综合版本包括：

《压载水管理公约》的最新文本，包括纳入了海上环境保护委员会（环保会）在其第七十二届会议（2018年4月9至13日）上通过的修正案；

第七十二届环保会通过的《压载水管理系统认可规则》（《压载水管理系统规则》）的文本；

2004年2月9至13日在伦敦国际海事组织总部举行的国际船舶压载水管理大会所通过的四项会议决议；

环保会制定和通过的关于公约统一实施的最新的一系列导则，包括截至环保会在其第七十一届会议（2017年7月3至7日）上通过的经修订版本；和

有关公约实施的其他导则。

本出版物旨在便利和完整地查阅《压载水管理公约》的最新规定及其正文条款和附件的统一解释。
Manual sobre Contaminación Química: Parte 1 – Evaluación del Problema y Medidas de Respuesta
Authors:   Organización Marítima Internacional
Published: July 2024

This Section provides guidance on ways of assessing hazards associated with a chemical spillage and describes possible response.
Equipo de Prevención de la Contaminación conforme al MARPOL
Authors:   Organización Marítima Internacional
Published: July 2024

Esta publicación comprende:

la resolución MEPC.107(49) – Directrices y especificaciones revisadas relativas al equipo deprevención de la contaminación para las sentinas de los espacios de máquinas de los buques

la resolución MEPC.108(49) – Directrices y especificaciones revisadas relativas a los sistemas de vigilancia y control de las descargas de hidrocarburos para los petroleros

la resolución MEPC.159(55) – Directrices revisadas sobre la implantación de las normas relativas a efluentes y pruebas de rendimiento de las instalaciones de tratamiento de aguas sucias

la resolución MEPC.76(40) enmendada por la resolución MEPC.93(45) -Especificación normalizada para los incineradores de a bordo

la resolución MEPC.130(53) – Directrices relativas a los sistemas de a bordo para la limpieza de los gases de escape-SOx
Кодекс безопасности рыбаков и рыболовных судов 2005 года: Часть А
– Практика в области безопасности и гигиены труда
Authors:   Международная морская организация
Published: July 2024

The revised Code was approved by the Maritime Safety Committee (MSC) at its seventy-ninth session in 2004, by the FAO Committee on Fisheries at its twenty-sixth session in 2005 and by the Governing Body of International Labour Organization (ILO) at its 293rd Session in 2005. It is divided into two parts (sold separately):

– 
Part A – Safety and Health Practices for Skippers and Crews, 2005

– 
Part B – Safety and Health Requirements for the Construction and Equipment of Fishing Vessels, 2005
Código de Seguridad para Pescadores y Buques Pesqueros 2005: Parte A – Directrices Prácticas de Seguridad e Higiene
Authors:   Organización Marítima Internacional
Published: July 2024

The revised Code was approved by the Maritime Safety Committee (MSC) at its seventy-ninth session in 2004, by the FAO Committee on Fisheries at its twenty-sixth session in 2005 and by the Governing Body of International Labour Organization (ILO) at its 293rd Session in 2005. It is divided into two parts (sold separately):

– 
Part A – Safety and Health Practices for Skippers and Crews, 2005

– 
Part B – Safety and Health Requirements for the Construction and Equipment of Fishing Vessels, 2005
ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﻛﻴﺐ ﺗﺎﻭﻥ ﻟـﻌﺎﻡ 2012
Authors:   International Maritime Organization
Published: July 2024

اعتُمِدَ اتفاق كيب تاون لعام 2012 بشأن تتفيذ أحكام بروتوكول توريمولينوس لعام 1993 المتعلق باتفاقية توريمولينوس الدولية لسلامة سفن الصيد لعام 1977 (الاتفاق) من قِبل المؤتمر الدولي بشأن سلامة سفن الصيد ، الذي عُقِدَ في الفترة من 9 إلى 11 تشرين الأول/أكتوبر 2012 ، في كيب تاون ، جنوب أفريقيا ، برعاية المنظمة البحرية الدولية (IMO) ، نتيجةَ عمل شاق ومناقشات مكثفة على مدى خمس سنوات .
وتشكّل سلامة الصيادين وسخن الصيد جزءاً لا يتجزأ من المهام الموكلة إلى المنظمة البحرية الدولية ؛ وعلى أي حال ، فإن قطاع صيد الأسماك لا يمتلك ، من منظور عالمي ، سجلاً مقبولاً للسلامة · وفي حين أنه قد يكون هناك عدد من العوامل اٍلتي أسهمت في ذلك ، ليس هناك أدنى شك في أن عدم وجود نظام قانوني ملزم دولياً قد لعب دورا كبيراً في الوضع الراهن . وفي هذا السياق ، لم تدخل اتفاقية توريمولينوس الدولية لسلامة سفن الصيد ، التي اعتُمِدَت في عام 1977 ، و لا بروتوكول توريمولينوس ، الذي اعتُمِدَ في عام 1993 ، حيّز التنفيذ نظراً لمجموعة متنوعة من القيود التقنية والقانونية . وما هذا الاتفاق سوى التزام متجدد بأن تدخل أحكام بروتوكول توريمولينوس لعام 1993 حيّز التنفيذ ، ومن المتوقع أن يقوم بدور هام في تحسين معايير السلامة والحد من الخسائر في الأرواح في قطاع صيد الأسماك .
ويسري مفعول اتفاق كيب تاون ن لعام 2012 بعد انقضاء 12 شهراً على تاريخ قيام ما لا يقل عن 22 دولة من الدول التي لا يقلّ مجموع عدد ما لديها من سفن صيد يبلغ طولها 24 متراً فأكثر وتعمل في أعالي البحار عن 3600 سفينة بالإعراب عن مو افقتها على الالتزام به .
2012年开普敦协定
Authors:   国际海事组织
Published: July 2024

经过五年的艰苦工作和深入讨论，《实施1977年托雷莫利诺斯国际渔船安全公约1933年托雷莫利诺斯议定书>规定的2012年开普敦协定》(协定)于2012年10月9至11日由国际海事组织(IMO)在南非开普敦举行的渔船安全国际会议上通过。
渔民和渔船的安全是国际海事组织职责的组成部分；然而，从全球的角度来看，渔业尚未有可接受的安全记录，虽然可能有诸多因素造成这一现状，但毫无疑问，缺乏有效的具有国际约束力的监管制度是造成该现状的重要因素。在这种背景下，由于各种技术和法律限制，1977年通过的《托雷莫利诺斯国际渔船安全公约》和1993年通过的《托雷莫利诺斯议定书》，均未能生效。本协定是对《1993年托雷莫利诺斯议定书》规定的生效再次做出承诺，预期在渔业领域提高安全标准和减少生命损失发挥重要作用。
《2012年开普敦协定》将在合计不少于3,600艘24米及以上长度的在公海作业的渔船的不少于22个国家表示同意受本协定约束之日后12个月生效。
Directrices para el proyecto y la construcción de buques de suministro mar adentro, 2006
Authors:   Organización Marítima Internacional
Published: July 2024

The Guidelines for the design and construction of Offshore supply vessels were adopted by the Assembly of the Organization in 1981 by resolution A.469(XII).These Guidelines included guidance on intact stability that was later incorporated into the Code on Intact Stability for all Types of Ships covered by IMO Instruments. To take account of the adoption of this Code and amendments to the SOLAS Convention that have entered into force after 1981, new Guidelines for the design and construction of Offshore supply vessels were adopted in 2006. These new Guidelines also include a form of Document of Compliance for Offshore supply vessels.
Limitación de la responsabilidad por reclamaciones de derecho marítimo
Authors:   Organización Marítima Internacional
Published: July 2024

La presente publicación contiene los siguientes textos:

Convenio sobre limitación de la responsabilidad nacida de reclamaciones de derecho marítimo, 1976

Protocolo de 1996, enmendado mediante la resolución LEG.5(99)

Texto refundido de las disposiciones sustantivas del Convenio de 1976 enmendadas por el Protocolo de 1996, incluidos los límites enmendados de responsabilidad
Convenio de Londres y Protocolo de Londres
Authors:   Organización Marítima Internacional
Published: July 2024

La presente publicación contiene el texto completo del Convenio sobre la prevención de la contaminación del mar por vertimiento de desechos y otras materias, 1972 (Convenio de Londres 1972) y el Protocolo de 1996 relativo al Convenio de Londres 1972 (Protocolo de Londres), en su forma enmendada. También contiene los siguientes recursos conexos:

el listado de las resoluciones adoptadas en virtud de ambos tratados;

las futuras enmiendas al Protocolo de Londres que aún no han entrado en vigor;

los mandatos de los órganos auxiliares en virtud del Convenio de Londres y el Protocolo de Londres; y

los reglamentos interiores para las Reuniones en virtud de ambos tratados.
Directrices para la elaboración de planes de emergencia de a bordo contra la contaminación del mar
Authors:   Organización Marítima Internacional
Published: July 2024

Las presentes Directrices contienen información para la preparación de los planes de emergencia de a bordo. El objetivo principal de las Directrices es:Asistir a los propietarios de buques en la preparación de los planes de emergencia de a bordo, de acuerdo con las citadas reglas; yAyudar a los Gobiernos en la elaboración y promulgación de leyes nacionales mediante las que se dé fuerza de ley e implanten las citadas reglas.En aras de la uniformidad se pide a los Gobiernos que se remitan a las presentes Directrices cuando se redacten las reglas nacionales que sean del caso.
МППСС
Authors:   Международная морская организация
Published: July 2024

The Convention on the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972 (COLREG 1972) has been accepted by many States since it was adopted in 1972 and entered into force in July 1977. It was amended in 1981, 1987, 1989, 1993 and 2001. This publication contains the fully consolidated text of the 1972 Convention. It supersedes the 2002 consolidated edition.
CSC
Authors:   International Maritime Organization
Published: July 2024

ترمي الاتفاقية الدولية لسلامة الحاويات لعام 1972 إلى تحقيق هدفين :

الحفاظ على مستوى عالٍ من السلامة للأرواح البشرية لدى نقل الحاويات ومناولتها ، وذلك بالنصّ على إجراءات مقبولة للاختبارات ومتطلبات للمتانة ذات صلة بذلك ؛

النصّ على لوائح دولية موحدة للسلامة تنطبق بصورة متكافئة على جميع أنماط النقل البري والبحري ، مما يسمح بالتالي بتفادي وجود لوائح سلامة وطنية متضاربة .

والتعديلات على اتفاقية سلامة الحاويات لعام 1972 التي اعتُمدت بالقرار MSC.355(92) تدخل حيّز التنفيذ في 1 تموز/يوليو 2014 وتتضمّن ما يلي :

تعاريف جديدة في بداية المرفقين I و II ، فضلاً عن التعديلات التي تستتبعها ، لضمان الاستخدام الموحّد للمصطلحات في نصّ اتفاقية سلامة الحاويات لعام 1972 بأكمله ؛

تعديلات ترمي إلى التعبير عن مختلف القياسات والوحدات المادية بنظام الوحدات الدولية (SI) ؛

اعتماد فترة انتقالية لوسم الحاويات ذات الإمكانية المحدودة من حيث التكديس ، على النحو الذي تقتضيه المواصفة القياسية ذات الصلة بذلك ؛

في ما يتعلق بالمرفق III ، إدراج قائمة بالعيوب التي لا تتطلّب من المسؤول عن المراقبة اتخاذ قرار فوري بسحب الحاوية من الخدمة ، بل تقتضي اتخاذ إجراءات إضافية لضمان سلامة النقل باستمرار .
CSC
Authors:   Organización Marítima Internacional
Published: July 2024

El Convenio internacional sobre la seguridad de los contenedores, 1972 (CSC 1972), tiene dos objetivos:

mantener un alto grado de seguridad de la vida humana en el transporte y la manipulación de contenedores proporcionando procedimientos de prueba aceptados y prescripciones de resistencia conexas; y

proporcionar reglas internacionales de seguridad uniformes, aplicables por igual a todos los modos de transporte de superficie, evitando así la proliferación de reglamentos nacionales de seguridad divergentes.

Las enmiendas al Convenio fueron adoptadas mediante la resolución MSC.355(92), entraron en vigor el 1 de julio de 2014 e incluyen:

nuevas definiciones al principio de los anexos I y II, así como enmiendas resultantes, a fin de garantizar la utilización uniforme de la terminología en todo el texto del Convenio;

enmiendas para armonizar todas las dimensiones físicas y unidades con el sistema SI;

la introducción de un periodo de transición para el marcado de los contenedores con capacidad de apilamiento restringida, según lo prescrito en las normas pertinentes; y

la inclusión en el anexo III de la lista de deficiencias que no requieren que el funcionario encargado del control decida la retirada inmediata del servicio, sino medidas adicionales de seguridad que permitan que el transporte prosiga en condiciones de seguridad.
Formation en matière de gestion des crises et de comportement de l'homme, dont la formation à la sécurité des passagers et de la cargaison et au contrôle de la coque à l'état intact
Authors:   Organisation maritime internationale
Published: July 2024

Le présent cours tyype a pour but de répondre aux impératifs minima obligatoires de la formation des capitaines, maîtres d'équipage, officiers ingénieurs en chef, officiers ingénieurs en second et de toute personne à laquelle est confiée la responsabilité immédiate de l'embarquement et du débarquement des passagers, du chargement, du déchargement ou de l'assujetissement de la cargaison, ou de la fermeture des ouvertures de coque. Il est basé sur les dispositiions de la section A-V/2 et du tableau A-V/2 du Code STCW.
Sécurité des opérations de pêche (Niveau d’appui)
Authors:   Organisation maritime internationale
Published: July 2024

Le présent cours type a pour but de fournir la formation aux candidats pour assurer les opérations de pêche à bord des navires, conformément au paragraphe 6 de la règle 1 du chapitre III, et de l'annexe 2.2 de la résolution 4 du Document joint numéro 2 de la Convention STCW-F 95 de l'OMI. Le présent programme du cours englobe les prescriptions de la Convention STCW-F de 1995 et celles des chapitres 6.24 et 6.29 du Document FAO/OIT/OMI destiné à servir de guide pour la formation du personnel des navires de pêche et la délivrance des brevets. Le cours est ouvert à tout le personnel des navires de pêche appelé à servir à bord des navires de pêche en mer. Il n'y a pas de prescriptions scolaires particulières pour l'admission.
Basic Training for Ships Operating in Polar Waters
Authors:   International Maritime Organization
Published: July 2024

This “basic” course provides training to navigation officers to operate ships in Polar waters and to address those additional provisions deemed necessary for consideration beyond existing requirements of the SOLAS and MARPOL Conventions, in order to take into account the climatic conditions of Polar waters and to meet appropriate standards of Maritime safety and pollution prevention.
Medical Care
Authors:   World Health Organization/International Maritime Organization
Published: July 2024

This two-volume model course provides training in elementary first aid at management level and is based on the provisions of table A-VI/4-2 of the STCW Code.
Onboard Assessment
Authors:   International Maritime Organization
Published: July 2024

This course is primarily intended for any person conducting in-service assessment of competence of a seafarer on board. These would usually comprise senior shipboard officers (management level) but may also be suitable for shipboard personnel at operational level or experienced shore-based instructors with sufficient onboard expertise.
Port State Control
Authors:   International Maritime Organization
Published: July 2024

This course is for officers, whether they have been ship surveyors, masters, chief officers or chief or second engineer officers, who are to be authorized by their Governments to execute port State control in accordance with regulation 19 of chapter I and regulation 4 of chapter XI-1 of SOLAS, as amended, with article 21 of Load Lines, with articles 5 and 6 and regulations I/4, II/10, III/8 and V/8 of MARPOL, with article X and regulation 4 of chapter I of STCW and with article 12 of Tonnage Convention.
Ship Security Officer
Authors:   International Maritime Organization
Published: July 2024

This model course is intended to provide knowledge to those who may be designated to perform the duties and responsibilities of a Ship Security Officer (SSO), as defined in section A/2.1.6 (and section A/12) of the ISPS Code and in section A-VI/5 of the STCW Code, as amended, and in particular the duties and responsibilities with respect to the security of a ship, for implementing and maintaining a Ship Security Plan and for liaising with the Company Security Officer (CSO) and with Port Facility Security Officers (PFSOs).
Restricted Operator’s Certificate for the Global Maritime Distress and Safety System
Authors:   International Maritime Organization
Published: July 2024

This course covers the training recommendations in annex 3 to the IMO Assembly resolution A.703(17) – Recommendation on Training of Radio Operators related to the Restricted Operator’s Certificate (ROC). The course is revised to meet the relevant regulations of the STCW Code and the 2012 Radio Regulations of the International Telecommunication Union.
Safety Investigation into Marine Casualties and Marine Incidents
Authors:   International Maritime Organization
Published: July 2024

The course is essentially balanced between theory (lecture material), practical group exercises and case studies. It consists of a series of exercises structured around the requirements of the international legislation, IMO conventions and instruments, and the required common and homogeneous approach, application of consistent methodology and no blame culture to adopt in the conduct of Maritime safety investigations into marine casualties and marine incidents; as well as to provide reports to the Organization.
Advanced Training for Oil Tanker Cargo Operations
Authors:   International Maritime Organization
Published: July 2024

This course provides training to candidates to meet the requirements of Section A V/1 1 paragraph 2 of the STCW Code with specific duties for loading, unloading and care in transit or handling of oil cargoes. It comprises an advanced training programme appropriate to their duties, including oil tanker safety, Fire safety measures, pollution prevention, operational practice and obligations under applicable law and regulations.
IMSAS
Authors:   International Maritime Organization
Published: July 2024

IMO Member State Audit Scheme (IMSAS) contains all relevant resolutions adopted by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) in the process of the institutionalization of the IMO Member State Audit Scheme (IMSAS), as well as other documents developed to support its effective implementation. It includes:

Framework and Procedures for IMSAS

IMO Instruments Implementation Code (III Code)

2013 non-exhaustive list of obligations under instruments relevant to the III Code

Amendments to conventions making the use of the III Code mandatory in audits of Member States

Other resolutions

Auditor’s Manual for IMSAS.
The London Protocol
Authors:   International Maritime Organization
Published: July 2024

This manual provides useful, practical information to Governments, particularly those of developing countries, on the technical, economic and legal implications of ratifying, implementing and enforcing the London Protocol.
Manual on Chemical Pollution: Section 3 – Legal and Administrative Aspects of HNS Incidents
Authors:   International Maritime Organization
Published: July 2024

The manual aims to provide the reader, in particular on-scene commanders, response personnel, government entities and others involved in the management and/or response to pollution incidents involving Hazardous and Noxious Substance (HNS), with a description of the various interests involved in an HNS incident and its aftermath.
Manual on Oil Pollution: Section I – Prevention
Authors:   International Maritime Organization
Published: July 2024

This Section of the Manual on Oil pollution is intended to provide practical guidance related to the prevention of pollution from ships, and describes procedures for the handling of oil cargoes, bunkering, ship-to-ship transfer operations, transfer operations involving offshore units and operations in ice-covered waters. It also provides an overview of the various prevention practices, as a complement to the more detailed industry standards and Codes of Practice, currently available.
The information provided is not intended to supersede or replace any information, law, or regulation contained in any other publication with respect to the waters and areas to which it pertains.
Recueil modu de 2009
Authors:   Organisation maritime internationale
Published: July 2024

Le Recueil de règles relatives à la construction et à l’équipement des unités mobiles de forage au large, 2009 (Recueil MODU de 2009) établit une norme internationale applicable aux unités mobiles de forage au large construites le 1er janvier 2012 ou après cette date, qui facilite le déplacement et l’exploitation de ces unités à l’échelon international et garantit à ces unités et au personnel à bord un degré de sécurité équivalant à celui que prescrivent la Convention SOLAS de 1974 et le Protocole de 1988 relatif à la Convention internationale de 1966 sur les lignes de charge pour les navires classiques effectuant des voyages internationaux.
La présente édition comprend les amendements de 2013, de 2014, de 2016 et de 2017 adoptés par les résolutions MSC.359(92), MSC.384(94) et MSC.387(94), MSC.407(96) et MSC.435(98), respectivement.
Dans le cas des unités mobiles de forage au large construites avant le 1er janvier 2012, les dispositions des éditions antérieures du Recueil MODU (de 1979 et de 1989) continuent de s’appliquer, selon la date de construction des unités.
Instruments Relevant to Port State control, 2023
Authors:   International Maritime Organization
Published: July 2024

This electronic publication is intended to assist port State control officers, Administrators and other parties involved in the conduct of port State inspections in an easy-to-use and portable format. It provides the full texts of the List of instruments relevant to Procedures for port State control, 2023 published in appendix 20 of Procedures for port State control, 2023.
This edition presents updates including the 2022 Guidelines for briefsampling of anti-fouling systems on ships (resolution MEPC.356(78)), the 2022 Guidelines for the development of a Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP) (resolution MEPC.346(78)), and the List of certificates and documents required to be carried on board ships, 2022 (FAL.2/Circ.133, MEPC.1/Circ.902, MSC.1/Circ.1646 and LEG.2/Circ.4).
AFS Convention
Authors:   International Maritime Organization
Published: July 2024

The International Conference on the Control of Harmful Anti-Fouling Systems for Ships, 2001, was held in London in October 2001. The Conference adopted the International Convention on the Control of Harmful Anti-Fouling Systems (AFS) on Ships, 2001, together with four Conference resolutions, relating to the early and effective application of the AFS Convention, approval and test methodologies for anti-fouling systems on ships and the promotion of technical co-operation.
This third edition of the AFS Convention publication includes the updated text of the AFS Convention, including the amendments to annexes 1 and 4 concerning the introduction of controls on cybutryne and other consequential amendments that entered into force on 1 January 2023, and the revised guidelines that support the implementation of the amended Convention.
Guidelines for the Implementation of MARPOL: Annex V
Authors:   International Maritime Organization
Published: July 2024

The publication contains:

2017 Guidelines for the implementation of MARPOL Annex V (resolution MEPC.295(71))

2012 Guidelines for the development of garbage management plans (resolution MEPC.220(63))

Consolidated MARPOL Annex V, including amendments adopted by MEPC.277(70))