bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
НЕЗАЛЕЖНА ЄВРЕЙСЬКА РОБІТНИЧА ПАРТІЯ У РАДЯНСЬКІЙ ІСТОРІОГРАФІЇ
Authors: Гула В. Д.
Published: November 2022

У статті проаналізовано інтерпретації ідеології та політичної діяльності Незалежної єврейської робітничої партії у радянській історіографії. Автор охарактеризував джерельну та методологічну базу різних історіографічних напрямків, поясненив трансформації поглядів на роль цієї партії у загальноросійському революційному русі. Запропоновано власну періодизацію історіографічного процесу.

Ключові слова: історіографія, Незалежна єврейська робітнича партія, робітничий рух, Бунд, Департамент поліції.
Targeting PP2A for cancer therapeutic modulation
Authors: Ronk Halle , Rosenblum Jared S. , Kung Timothy , Zhuang Zhengping
Published: November 2022

Protein phosphatases play essential roles as negative regulators of kinases and signaling cascades involved in cytoskeletal organization. Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is highly conserved and is the predominant serine/threonine phosphatase in the nervous system, constituting more than 70% of all neuronal phosphatases. PP2A is involved in diverse regulatory functions, including cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and DNA repair. Although PP2A has historically been identified as a tumor suppressor, inhibition of PP2A has paradoxically demonstrated potential as a therapeutic target for various cancers. LB100, a water-soluble, small-molecule competitive inhibitor of PP2A, has shown particular promise as a chemo- and radio-sensitizing agent. Preclinical success has led to a profusion of clinical trials on LB100 adjuvant therapies, including a phase I trial in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer, a phase I/II trial in myelodysplastic syndrome, a phase II trial in recurrent glioblastoma, and a completed phase I trial assessing the safety of LB100 and docetaxel in various relapsed solid tumors. Herein, we review the development of LB100, the role of PP2A in cancer biology, and recent advances in targeting PP2A inhibition in immunotherapy.
Characterization of effluents from a tannery industry: a case study of Córdoba province, Argentina
Authors:   UNRCINBIAS-CONICET, Fernandez Marilina , Solange González Paola ,   UNRC, Boarini Milena ,   UNRC, Mandille Josefina ,   UNRC, Barberon Ignacio ,   UNRC, Perotti Romina ,   UNRCINBIAS-CONICET, Pereira Paola Patricia ,   UNRCINBIAS-CONICET, Agostini Elizabeth ,   UNRCINBIAS-CONICET, Paisio Cintia Elizabeth ,   UNRCINBIAS-CONICET
Published: November 2022

Tannery effluents are considered to be severe pollutants around the world. The characterization of such effluents is a very important task in order to verify the compliance with legal requirements of the discharge and, if necessary, to optimize their treatment. In this study, we used the effluents from a local tannery (Córdoba, Argentina) that had implemented only a primary treatment. The effluents were periodically collected during one year to assess their physical, chemical, and microbiological characteristics, as well as their toxicity. The physical and chemical characteristics showed variations independently of the sampling time, although, in general, a high nutrient load was the most frequent finding. Moreover, parameters such as chemical oxygen demand, biochemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen, total phosphate, total phenols, Cr(VI) and settleable solids exceeded the limit set by the provincial legislation for the discharge of effluents into surface water bodies. The effluents were also characterized by a high count of bacteria, where pollutant-tolerant and some pathogenic bacteria were found. In sampling 9, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria represented up to 93 % of the total number of sequences obtained, with Paludibacter, Tissierella Soehngenia, Proteocatella and Proteiniclasticum as the most abundant genera. In concordance with these results, all samples showed toxicity according to L. sativa and AMPHITOX bioassays. Altogether, data from this report indicate the need to optimize primary treatment of the effluents, as well as to include complementary treatments in order to reduce the negative environmental impacts of the release of this kind of runoffs.
Use of Antiandrogens as Therapeutic Agents in COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Giotis Efstathios S. , Cil Emine , Brooke Greg N.
Published: November 2022

COVID-19, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2), is estimated to have caused over 6.5 million deaths to date worldwide. The emergence of fast-evolving SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern alongside increased transmissibility and/or virulence as well as immune and vaccine escape capabilities highlight the urgent need for more effective antivirals to combat the disease in the long run along with regularly updated vaccine boosters. One of the early risk factors identified during the COVID-19 pandemic was that men are more likely to get infected by the virus, more likely to develop severe disease and exhibit higher likelihood of hospitalisation and mortality rates compared to women. An association exists between SARS-CoV-2 infectiveness and disease severity with sex steroid hormones and in particular androgens. Several studies underlined the importance of the androgen-mediated regulation of the host protease TMPRSS2 and the cell entry protein ACE2 as well as the key role of these factors in the entry of the virus into target cells. In this context, modulating androgen signalling is a promising strategy to block viral infection and antiandrogens could be used as a preventative measure at the pre- or early-hospitalisation stage of COVID-19 disease. Different antiandrogens, including commercial drugs used to treat metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer and other conditions, have been tested as antivirals with varying success. In this review, we summarise the most recent updates concerning the use of antiandrogens as prophylactic and therapeutic options for COVID-19.
In Vitro Doubled Haploid Production of Bacterial Blight Resistant Plants from BC2F1 Plants (Ranbir Basmati X Pau148) Through Anther Culture
Authors: Sharma Mridhu , Sharma Mamta , Singh A.K. , Salgotra R. K. , Sharma Manmohan , Sharma Bupesh K. , Gupta S.K.
Published: November 2022

Doubled haploid plants are very important for the development of complete homozygous plants from heterozygous parents in one generation as they possess duplicate copy of haploid chromosome. Haploid production is easily obtained from in vitro anther culture. The present study was undertaken with the objective to develop doubled haploids using anthers for in vitro induction of callus on N6 medium supplemented with various combinations and concentrations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) (0.5-2.5 mg/L), Kinetin (0.5-1.0 mg/L) and Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) (2.0 mg/L) as callus induction medium (CIM). The highest callus induction frequency was obtained when N6 medium fortified with 2,4-D (2.5 mg/L), Kinetin (0.5 mg/L) and NAA (2 mg/L) of 10.07 per cent. The induced callus was sub cultured for shoot regeneration on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) supplemented with growth regulators: Kinetin and NAA (0.5 mg/L each) in combination with BAP (0.0 - 2.5 mg/L). MS medium supplemented with NAA (0.5 mg/L), Kinetin (0.5 mg/L) and BAP (1.5 mg/L) was most responsive exhibiting regeneration frequency of 28.1 per cent which resulted in maximum regeneration of green plantlets and only 5.21 per cent of albinos. Individual plantlets were separated and immersed in liquid MS medium augmented with NAA (0.5-1.0 mg/L) and BAP (0.5-1.0 mg/L). Maximum rooting was observed in MS medium with NAA (0.5 mg/L) and BAP (1.0 mg/L). The survival rate of in-vitro raised plants was 51.51 per cent. Of these surviving plants, 21 plants were observed to have the sterility percentage above 50 percent and hence can be considered as the doubled haploid plants. Plant DH8 is susceptible and DH20 is heterozygous for gene Xa21. Two plants are susceptible for gene xa13
Variability Specific to a Closed-Loop Supply Chain with Product Deterioration
Authors: Koketsu Jundai , Ishigaki Aya , Ijuin Hiromasa , Yamada Tetsuo ,   Tokyo University of Science  2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan,   The University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Japan
Published: November 2022

Environmental issues and increasing global demand have led to calls for sustainable production and consumption. Products deemed insufficiently environmentally friendly are beginning to be removed from the market, and manufacturers must achieve social responsibility and economic benefits. However, in a conventional linear supply chain, an increase in sales volume directly leads to an increase in waste and resource consumption, resulting in a trade-off between the environment and the economy. Closed-loop supply chains resolve trade-offs, achieve corporate social responsibility, and enhance competitiveness. Closed-loop supply chains must recover used products with a high degree of uncertainty. Uncertainty in the quantity, quality, and timing of used products can cause serious problems such as the bullwhip effect in the dynamic behavior of the supply chain. This study aims to analyze the dynamic impact of used product uncertainty on a closed-loop supply chain and propose ways to deal with it. Products deteriorate with their use and eventually become worthless for recovery and remanufacturing. This study confirms that, even when there is no demand variability and lead time, the uncertainty of used products, especially qualitative uncertainty, causes large variability in the closed-loop supply chain. The results of the numerical example using the model proposed in this study show that the policy of limiting the quantity of remanufacturing can mitigate the variability. Furthermore, the appropriate limits vary depending on the characteristics of the product, such as its lifetime. This suggests the need to control the amount of remanufacturing for the sustainability of the closed-loop supply chain rather than remanufacturing as much as possible, to reduce environmental impact.
Challenges of Remanufacturing Using Powder Bed Fusion Based Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Sato Naoko ,   Advanced Manufacturing Research Institute (AMRI), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) 1-2-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8564, Japan, Matsumoto Mitsutaka , Ogiso Hisato , Sato Harumichi
Published: November 2022

Remanufacturing is an industrial process of turning used products into products with the same quality as new ones. Of the processes comprising remanufacturing, the repair process poses the greatest challenge. Additive manufacturing (AM) is expected to bring innovation to the repair process of remanufacturing. Although, so far, the directed energy deposition (DED) type AM has been most frequently applied to remanufacturing and only a few studies applied powder bed fusion (PBF) type AM to remanufacturing, PBF demonstrates great potential for application in remanufacturing. This study aims to assess the feasibility of the application of PBF to remanufacturing. We conducted an experimental PBF-based repair and attempted to identify its challenges. In the experiment, 1) we used AlSi10Mg powder, 2) we first fabricated a 5 mm square cube sample by using PBF, 3) we next removed 0.4 mm of thickness from the sample with milling, 4) then we restored 0.44 mm of thickness using PBF, and 5) we observed the restored sample. The observation showed that: 1) misalignment in the restoration occurred, 2) keyhole defects and gas pores were found more in the boundary area between the original and restored parts, and 3) the microstructures showed polycrystals in the restored part. These factors impaired the quality and reliability of PBF-based repair and present challenges of enhancing the feasibility of applying PBF-based repair to remanufacturing. This study also examined the whole process of PBF-based remanufacturing, which includes not only the repair process but also the processes of component inspection, process design, pre-repair process, and post-repair process, and discussed the challenges in these processes. The challenges include the development of repair process design methods, supportless fabrication processes, and non-destructive test (NDT) techniques.
Spiral Groove Machining Through Wire Electrical Discharge Machining with Two Rotary Axes
Authors: Takezawa Hideki ,   Kogakuin University 2665-1 Nakano-machi, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo 192-0015, Japan, Umeda Yuta , Motomura Ren , Hirano Shunya
Published: November 2022

In wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) that can perform 2-D or 2.5-D machining, 3-D complex shape machining is also possible via the addition of a rotary axis on the NC table. Several examples of pin-shaped machining using a rotating shaft like spindle have been previously reported. Alternatively, machining using a rotary axis as an indexing device has also been reported. In these machining processes, the rotary axis is not servo controlled. Conversely, a spiral groove is formed on the outer circumference of the round bar by gripping the round bar workpiece on the rotary axis and performing machining in synchronization with the x- and rotary axes. In this machining, the gap control in electrical discharge machining is performed along the x- and rotary axes. Furthermore, complicated shape machining becomes possible by adding a 2-axis rotary axis of rotation and tilt. When the x-axis is synchronized with the rotation and tilt axes, a spiral groove with a variable groove width is formed. In this case, servo control is synchronized with the three axes, and machining proceeds. In this study, we performed spiral groove shape machining through WEDM with the addition of 1-axis or 2-axis rotary axes, consequently verifying the machining accuracy. Moreover, two types of NC program were used for machining, direct input and CAM output, and the accuracy was compared. The results revealed that the groove width was wider in the direct input program. Therefore, there was a possibility that the wire could bend during machining and tilt along the direction of the apparent widening of the groove width. Thus, it is necessary to consider the deflection of the wire in WEDM with a rotary axis, which is different from the conventional one, to realize precision machining.
DEVELOPMENT OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION WITH HELP OF SOCIAL TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Hren Larysa , Grybko Olga
Published: November 2022

The article considers the importance of social technologies that affect, in fact, all aspects of social phenomena,established their cumulative effect, which is expressed in the constant enrichment of social experience,implementation of effective activities (including management), increasing knowledge, skills, strategies, reusabilityalgorithms for solving typical social problems.A number of reasons have been identified for which social technologies in public administration are becomingincreasingly important, namely: 1) in the context of social development, under the influence of globalization,digitalization of public life and immanent network socio-economic links social management; 2) the sociotechnological tools are growing rapidly, which allows us to hope today for its organic integration into the network ofboth social and information technologies of any type organizations; 3) the spread of modern information andcommunication technologies with their ability to influence the mass public consciousness.The results of decentralization reform in Ukraine are considered as an example of strategic changes in theorganization of social life and the basis for the use of social technologies in local community management.The conclusion was made about actualization of social technologies' application in public administration, causedby: 1) orientation on optimum forms of social system existence, its efficiency, rationality; 2) the need to createdynamic social systems that are characterized by balanced relations within the system itself and the harmonization ofrelations with other systems; 3) the need to implement social creativity; 4) social necessity in the planned, projectedand managed development of social systems and processes; 5) social necessity in overcoming the spontaneousdevelopment of social processes and ensuring their orientation in the field of meeting social needs; 6) the public need for purposeful change and development of social systems and social processes; 7) the social need to reduce the levelof social disorder and instability; 8) necessity to use digital instruments in managing social life; 9) the social need toimplement the constructive nature of social processes.
Improved Bone Conduction Hearing After Middle Ear Surgery: Investigation of the Improvement Mechanism
Authors: Kim Hantai , Ha Jungho , Gu Ga Young , Choung Yun-Hoon
Published: November 2022

Objectives. When performing middle ear operations, such as ossiculoplasty or stapes surgery, patients and surgeons expect an improvement in air conduction (AC) hearing, but generally not in bone conduction (BC). However, BC improvement has often been observed after surgery, and the present study investigated this phenomenon.Methods. We reviewed the preoperative and postoperative surgical outcomes of 583 patients who underwent middle ear surgery. BC improvement was defined as a BC threshold decrease of >15 dB at two or more frequencies. Subjects in group A underwent staged ossiculoplasty after canal wall up mastoidectomy (CWUM), group B underwent staged ossiculoplasty after canal wall down mastoidectomy (CWDM), group C underwent ossiculoplasty only (thus, they had no prior history of CWUM or CWDM), and group D received stapes surgery. We created a hypothetical circuit model to explain this phenomenon.Results. BC improvement was detected in 12.8% of group A, 9.1% of group B, and 8.5% of group C. The improvement was more pronounced in group D (27.0%). A larger gain in AC hearing was weakly correlated with greater BC improvement (Pearson’s r=0.395 in group A, P<0.001; r=0.375 in group B, P<0.001; r=0.296 in group C, P<0.001; r=0.422 in group D, P=0.009). Notably, patients with otosclerosis even experienced postoperative BC improvements as large as 10.0 dB, from a mean value of 30.3 dB (standard error [SE], 3.2) preoperatively to 20.3 dB (SE, 3.2) postoperatively, at 1,000 Hz, as well as an improvement of 9.2 dB at 2,000 Hz, from 37.8 dB (SE, 2.6) to 28.6 dB (SE, 3.1).Conclusion. BC improvement may be explained by a hypothetical circuit model applying the third window theory. Surgeons should keep in mind the possibility of BC improvement when making a management plan.
Texts and Co-texts of Digital Native Elementary School Art Learning during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Mariati Pance , Hartatik Sri , Kasiyun Suharmono , Asmarani Ratih
Published: November 2022

This study aims to explain the synthesis of conceptual changes in art learning for digital natives students to reflect current art learning practices so that they become a foothold in future improvement. This research uses a case study approach to art learning for digital natives students in 3 elementary schools in Pacitan, East Java, from May 2020 to May 2021 with 100 students and 50 teacher. This research discusses material and formal objects in learning art into text and co-text as a perspective from educational semiotics classroom, which is an effort to systematize based on the elements of art learning for digital natives. The results showed that the elements of art learning, such as the learning model, the intimacy aspect between teachers and students, and the digital natives learning ecosystem in them are continuously developing by considering the element of entrainment. Integration between learning elements is needed to meet the prerequisites for resilience for digital natives students, including intimacy between text and co-text learning, text competence and co-text learning, and entrainment in a learning-based ecosystem of digital natives class.
Learning of Hybrid Methods to Improve Mathematics Critical Thinking Ability of Students Class XI MIPA
Authors: Rahmawati Pungky , Parta I Nengah , Permadi Hendro
Published: November 2022

This study aims to analyze the implementation of hybrid learning to improve the critical thinking skills of mathematics students of class XI MIPA. The method used in this study is class action research using two cycles design. The subjects of this study were teachers and 12 students of class XI MIPA at SMA Brawijaya Smart School (BSS) Malang. The sampling technique used in this study was the purposive sampling technique. This study used two data collection methods, observation, and interviews used for qualitative data, then tests used for quantitative data. The instruments used are observation sheets, interview guidelines, and learner critical thinking test sheets. The data analysis techniques in this study are coding for qualitative data and descriptive statistics for quantitative data. The results showed that mathematics learning with a hybrid learning method consisting of asynchronous and synchronous learning pairs, can improve students' mathematical critical thinking skills. Therefore, this research can be used as a reference for teachers in mathematics learning with a hybrid method that is even more varied, even though constrained by pandemic conditions and remains limited in face.
Study of The Implementation of Merdeka Belajar-Kampus Merdeka Program
Authors: Sulistyo Teguh , Liskinasih Ayu , Purnawati Maria
Published: November 2022

Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) is a relatively new program, so there are still many obstacles in the process of preparation, implementation, and evaluation. This study aims to see students' motives and perceptions of the implementation of the MBKM program they have carried out in preparation for facing competition in the business / industrial world (DUDI). This research applies quantitative methods with exploratory designs. The respondents in the study were 62 students of the English Literature Study Program at PGRI Kanjuruhan University malang semesters 1, 3, 5, and 7 who were selected using stratification sampling techniques. This study indicates that students get many benefits from MBKM regardless of the obstacles and concerns they face. The MBKM program brings students closer to the business and industrial world because they can directly experience work life. Students have confidence that they can compete in business and industry after they graduate, so they think that MBKM benefits soft skills and hard skills according to their respective passions.
Effectiveness of Knowledge Translation Strategies on Organisational Culture and Patient Outcomes: A Systematic Review
Authors: Flenady Tracy , Sahay Ashlyn , Timbs Chrissie , Massey Deb
Published: November 2022

Background: Knowledge Translation (KT) Frameworks are commonly used in healthcare settings to integrate evidence into practice. However, little is known about how these KT frameworks affect organisational change including culture and patient safety outcomes in healthcare settings.
Methods: A systematic review was undertaken. Five databases: PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, ProQuest and Web of Science were searched with publications screened from January 2016 – July 2021. A blinded screening process was undertaken by all authors and conflicts resolved through open discussion. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) was used for quality appraisal.
Results: Database search yielded a total of 1498 results, with only four studies included for data extraction and narrative synthesis. Three studies reported on patient safety outcomes, using Translational Simulation, Comprehensive Unit-based Safety Program (CUSP)/ Translating Research Into Practice (TRIP) model and the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) framework. Only one study reported on organisational culture and used the Best-Practice Spotlight Organization (BPSO) Program. Factors that inhibited successful KT framework implementation relate to organisational and workforce issues such as staff attrition and secondments, staff not being released for education and an absence of commitment to the program at the executive level. Establishing and maintaining effective lines of communication and transparent reporting resulted in successful implementation outcomes.
Conclusion: Various KT frameworks and strategies are used across healthcare settings to guide the development and evaluation of implementation projects and quality improvement initiatives. However, the impact of knowledge translation strategies on organisational culture and patient outcomes remains unclear, poorly described and under researched. Future research needs to be undertaken to explore the barriers and facilitators of knowledge translation processes and its impact on organisational change, culture and patient safety outcomes.
Protocol Registration: This review was registered with the international prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO), ID: CRD42021265470on 02/07/21. The design and methods used for this systematic review will be informed by and comply with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) (Moher et al., 2015).
Effects of Juniper tar (Juniperus oxycedrus) aromatic water supplemented to whole milk on oxidative stress, immune response, intestinal flora, and kidney-urinary system of suckling Holstein calves
Authors: Özkaya Serkan , Erbaş Sabri , Kara Kanber
Published: November 2022

Digestive system and respiratory tract diseases, which are frequently seen in calves during the suckling period, suppress the development of the calves or cause deaths and great economic losses. In the present study, it was investigated whether Juniper aromatic water (JOW) would be suitable for promoting the health of suckling Holstein calves. Sixteen newborn calves (n = 4, in each group) were randomly selected and assigned to the following four treatments; G1: control group, fed with whole milk (WM) and calf starter (CS), G2: fed with 1.25% JAW supplemented WM and CS, G3: fed with 2.5% JAW supplemented WM and CS, G4: fed with 5% JAW supplemented WM and CS. The supplementation of JAW significantly reduced the incidences of digestive system and respiratory tract diseases in calves. The supplementation of JAW suppressed the growth of intestinal pathogenic bacteria at weaning age but did not affect the growth of lactic acid bacteria. It did not affect the urinary and kidney systems of the calves. JAW decreased oxidative stress concentrations while a non-significant increase occurred in antioxidant defence mechanism enzymes. It showed a significant increase in Immunoglobulin A, G, and M. The best result was observed in the supplementation of 1.25% JAW. The finding of the study showed that JAW, a by-product, can be used safely in the health rearing of calves.
A study on IDS system based on Hedge Algebras to detect DDOS attack in IoT systems
Authors: Hoang Trong Minh , Vu Lan Nhu
Published: November 2022

In recent years, we have experienced the rapid and beneficial development of IoT solutions throughout all aspects of life. In addition to the obvious advantages, the increase in the number and variety of devices has resulted in more challenges on security issues. The DDOS attack, which originates from a broad range of sources and is a significant challenge for IoT systems, is one of the most prevalent but devastating attacks. IoT devices are typically simple and have few computing resources, putting them at risk of being infected devices and attackers. IDS intrusion detection systems are regarded to be the foremost line of protection against DDOS attacks. Therefore, the IDS system attracts many researchers and implements intelligent techniques such as machine learning and fuzzy logic to detect these DDOS attacks quickly and precisely. Along with the approach of intelligent computation, this study presents a novel technique for detecting DDOS attacks based on hedge algebra, which has never been implemented on IDS systems. We use the PSO swarm optimization algorithm to optimize the proposed model’s parameters for optimized performance. Our experiment on the IoT-23 dataset shows that the proposed model’s accuracy and performance metrics for DDOS attack detection are better than those proposed by other previous authors.
Experience of Copy number variation sequencing applied in production of conception from first- and second- trimester miscarriage
Authors: Dai Yi-Fang , Wu Xiao-Qing , Huang Hai-Long , He Shu-Qiong , Guo Dan-Hua , Li Ying , Lin Na , Xu Liang-Pu
Published: November 2022

Background
We evaluated the application value of copy number variation sequencing (CNV-seq) to analyze chromosomal abnormalities in products of conception (POCs) from first- and second- trimester miscarriages.
Methods
Approximately 650 POCs from spontaneous abortion were collected from April 2018 to May 2020. CNV-seq and QF-PCR were performed to determine the characteristics and frequencies of copy number variants (CNVs) with clinical significance. Clinical features were recorded.
Results
Clinically significant chromosomal abnormalities were identified in 355 (54.6%) POCs, including 217 (33.4%) autosomal trisomies, 42(6.5%) chromosomal monosomy and 40 (6.2%) pathogenic CNVs (pCNVs). Chromosomal trisomy mainly occurred on chromosomes 16, 22, 21, 18, and 15. Gestational week was a negative correlative factor for chromosome abnormality.Maternal age was the positive correlative factor of chromosome abnormality. However the occurrence of monosomy X was not related to maternal or gestational age. The frequency of chromosomal abnormalities in women with a normal live birth history was 55.3%, vs 54.4% in women without a normal live birth history (P > 0.05). There were no significant differences among women without, with 1, and ≥ 2 previous miscarriages history regarding the rate of chromosomal abnormalities (P > 0.05); CNVs were less frequently detected in women with advanced maternal age than in women aged ≤ 29 years and 30–34 years (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
Chromosomal abnormalities are the most common causes of pregnancy loss, maternal and gestational age are strongly associated with fetal autosomal trisomy aberrations. Embryo chromosomal examination is recommended regardless of gestational age, modes of conception or previous abortion status.
The Long-Term Impact of Digital Media on Brain Development in Children
Authors: Nivins Samson , Sauce Bruno , Liebherr Magnus , Judd Nicholas , Klingberg Torkel
Published: November 2022

Digital media takes an increasingly large part of children’s time, however, the long-term effect on brain development is unclear. Here, we investigated the individual effects of digital media use (watching television and videos, using social media, or playing video games, respectively), while controlling for genetic predisposition and socioeconomic status. We included 4502 children with two MR-scans, aged 9–11 years at baseline, from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development Study. Children, on average, spent 2.2h/day watching videos, 1.2h/day using social media, and 1.2h/day playing video games during these two years. At the two-year follow-up MR-scan, digital media use had no effect on the change in the cortical surface or volume of the cerebellum. However, girls, but not boys, who spent more time playing video games showed a smaller change in the volumes of the striatum (β = -0.07 (-0.11 – -0.02); P = 0.03), and there was a significant interaction effect of sex and playing video games (P < 0.001). Overall, our findings suggest that digital media usage, particularly playing video games, does not affect cortical brain development but has a weak effect on the development of the striatum in a sex-specific manner in children aged 9–11 years. More studies, with longer follow-ups and studies of other age groups, are warranted.
To assess the effect of BMI on patient setup reproducibility in hypofractionation of breast cancer during the COVID-19, to establish an imaging protocol
Authors: Mulla Zaheeda , Hashem Rania , Taha Hiba , Coogen Maria , Alharthy Majd , Hijazi Hussam
Published: November 2022

Objective

To analyze the setup accuracy among patients treated for breast cancer with hypofractionation radiation therapy (HFRT) regimen (five fractions instead of 15-16 fractions in standard regimen) and predict the necessity of performing the setup imaging in the 4th and 5th fractions as a function of setup accuracy in the first three fractions.

Method

This retrospective study reviewed setup displacements in each direction (lateral, longitudinal, and vertical) for 51 women with breast cancer treated with HFRT at the Radiation Therapy Unit between September 2020 and May 2022. Besides the five fractions (#1– # 5), the mean setup error was computed for the first three fractions (AVG-III) for each direction. Accuracy rates were computed for each direction and fraction as the percentage of fractions with setup error ≤ 0.5 cm. The correlations of #1, #2, #3, and AVG-III setup errors and their value in indicating #4 and #5 setup error and accuracy were analyzed using Pearson's coefficient and Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curve, respectively. Furthermore, the effect of body mass index (BMI) on setup reproducibility was analyzed using logistic regression.

Result

The mean (SD) age of the participants was 54.41 (11.46) years. There was a high percentage of overweight (25.5%) and obese (53.0%). The mean setup error was <0.5cm for all five fractions and three directions, and accuracy rates were remarkably high ranging between 80.4%–90.2%, 84.3%–94.1%, and 94.1%–100.0% in the lateral, longitudinal, and vertical directions, respectively. The bivariate correlations analysis showed no significant correlations of fraction #4 (Pearson’s coefficient r = -0.057–0.269; p>0.05) and #5 (r = -0.128–0.254; p>0.05) within any of the first three fractions or AVG-III, in any of the directions. In the ROC curve, only #5 accuracy was indicated by #3 in the longitudinal direction (AUC=0.89, p=0.025). BMI was only associated with inaccurate setup for fraction #3 in the lateral direction, in a positive relationship (OR=1.15, 95% CI = 1.01–1.30; p=0.031).

Conclusion

Setup accuracy in the first fractions of HFRT does not predict accuracy in the two last fractions nor is predicted by the patient’s BMI. Consequently, women with breast cancer treated with HFRT require daily imaging for optimal setup before each radiotherapy fraction.
Mathematical modeling and numerical computation for the entropy based radiated hybrid (Polyethylene glycol+Water/Zirconium dioxide+Magnesium oxide) nanofluid flow
Authors: Alzahrani Faris , Khan M. Ijaz , Eldin Sayed M
Published: November 2022

The objective of this article is to discuss the entropy rate in spinning nanofluid (PEG-H2O/ZrO2) and hybrid (PEG-H2O/ZrO2-MgO) nanofluid subject to stretched surface. Here mixture of water (H2O) and polyethylene glycol (C2nH4n + 2On+1) are used as base fluid. Zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) and magnesium oxide (MgO) are considered as nanoparticles. Heat expression is modeled by implementation of heat flux, heat source and viscous dissipation. Furthermore, the entropy generation problem is addressed by second law of thermodynamics. Nonlinear dimensionless differentials systems are developed by suitable variables. The given dimensionless systems are solved by using numerical technique (ND-solve method). Effects of influential variables on fluid flow, temperature, Bejan number and entropy rate for both (PEG-H2O/ZrO2) and (PEG-H2O/ZrO2-MgO) fluids are graphically examined. Higher approximation of volume fractions rises the velocity profile, while reverse impact seen for Bejan number. An increment in rotation variable corresponds to boosts up velocity. A similar scenario is seen for thermal field and entropy rate through radiation effect. An opposite impact is seen for Bejan number and entropy rate through Brinkman number. An augmentation in temperature is seen for Eckert number. Furthermore, we noticed that heat transport in hybrid nanofluid (PEG-H2O/ZrO2-MgO) is higher than compared to nanofluid (PEG-H2O/ZrO2).
Changes in the subendocardial viability ratio in patients with atherosclerotic coronary heart disease
Authors: Fan Tingting , Yang Zhiqiang , Wu Qi , Wang Zheng , Tan Yan , Li Mengli , Zhu Ningjun , Xu Banglong
Published: November 2022

Background

The subendocardial viability ratio (SEVR) is a pulse wave analysis parameter that reflects coronary perfusion noninvasively. Coronary angiography is the gold-standard modality for assessing the involvement of the coronary artery in patients with atherosclerotic coronary heart disease (CHD). Changes in SEVR in patients with CHD have not been elucidated. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to analyze changes in SEVR in patients with atherosclerotic CHD.

Methods

We enrolled 243 patients with atherosclerotic CHD who had visited our hospital from July 1, 2021, to January 30, 2022. Inclusion criteria were: clinical diagnosis of atherosclerotic CHD and availability of the SYNTAX score derived by coronary angiography. The patients were further divided into the control (n = 100), low stenosis (n = 107), and high stenosis (n = 36) groups, with SYNTAX scores of 0, ≤ 22, and > 22, respectively. Pressure waveforms were obtained with a high-fidelity tonometer within the outspread supply route for SEVR calculation before coronary angiography. SEVR was measured and compared among the three groups.

Results

Atherosclerosis-related data, including the ankle–brachial index (ABI), pulse pressure, heart rate (75 beats/min)-corrected aortic augmentation index (AIx@75), brachial–ankle pulse wave velocity (BaPWV), and SEVR, differed significantly among the three groups. SEVR was significantly lower in the high stenosis group (1.02 ± 0.14) than in the control (1.13 ± 0.20) and low stenosis (1.12 ± 0.21) groups (p༜0.05). However, SEVR was lower in the low stenosis group than in the control group, although without statistical significance. In patients with CHD, the SYNTAX score correlated positively with age (r = 0.375, p = 0.001) and AIx@75 (r = 0.226, p = 0.007) and negatively with ABI (r = − 0.255, p = 0.002) and SEVR (r = − 0.18, p = 0.029).

Conclusions

In this study, the SEVR, ABI, and AIx@75 correlated well with atherosclerotic CHD. A decrease in SEVR measurements represents an increase in coronary artery stenosis.
Thus, SEVR calculation could be used as a noninvasive method for the detection of CHD.
Causal Association of Inflammatory Bowel Disease on Anorexia Nervosa: A Two-sample Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Chen Hao , Jiang Rui , Zeng Ruijie , Qiu Xinqi , Wu Huihuan , Zhuo Zewei , Yang Qi , Li Jiangwei , Leung Felix , Lian Qizhou , Sha Weihong
Published: November 2022

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a severe and complex psychiatric disorder with the highest mortality rate of all psychiatric disorders. Previous observational studies indicated inconclusive association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and AN, and the causal effect remains unclear. We aimed to test the hypothesis that a causal relationship exists between IBD and the risk of AN using the Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was employed as the primary analysis. Furthermore, various sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the robustness of our results. Notably, IVW analysis of univariable MR revealed that genetically predicted IBD were significantly casually associated with AN risk (NSNP = 12, odds ratio [OR]: 1.143, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.032–1.266, P = 0.01). In subgroups, consistent positive causal associations with AN might show in ulcerative colitis (UC) (NSNP = 6, OR: 1.153, 95% CI: 1.022–1.301, P = 0.021), and Crohn's disease (CD) (NSNP = 4, OR: 1.153, 95% CI: 1.008–1.319, P = 0.037). Besides, there was no heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy observed in the sensitivity analysis. Our study identifies that patients diagnosed with IBD, including UC and CD, could be causally associated with an increased risk of AN. It may have clinical benefits for early detection of AN and clinical decisions on management of IBD patients.
Venous Thromboembolism in Patients Undergoing Distal Cholangiocarcinoma Surgery: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Outcome
Authors: Chen Qing , Cui Songping , Huang Jincan , Wang Jing , Wang Di , Wang Hanxuan , Lyu Shaocheng , Lang Ren
Published: November 2022

Background: To investigate venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients undergoing distal cholangiocarcinoma (dCCA) surgery, we performed a single-center study to assess its prevalence, risk factors, prognosis.
Method: We studied a total of 177 patients undergoing dCCA surgery from January 2017 to April 2022. Demographic, clinical data, laboratory data (including lower extremity ultrasound findings), and outcome variables were obtained, and compared between VTE and non-VTE groups.
Results: Of the 177 patients undergoing dCCA surgery (aged 65.2±9.6years; 108 (61.0%) male), 64 patients developed VTE after surgery. Logistic multivariate analysis showed that, age, operation procedure, TNM stage, ventilator duration and preoperative D-dimer were independent risk factors. Based on these factors, we constructed the nomogram to predict VTE after dCCA for the first time. The areas under the receiver operating curve (ROC) of the nomogram were 0.80 (95% CI: 0.72-0.88) and 0.79 (95% CI: 0.73-0.89) in the training and validation groups, respectively. Patients developed VTE had a worse prognosis by Kaplan-Meier curve analysis (p = 0.001).
Conclusion: The prevalence of VTE is high and is associated with adverse outcomes in patients undergoing dCCA surgery. We developed a nomogram assessing VTE risk, which may help clinicians to screen out people at high risk for VTE and to undertake rational preventive measures.
A pH-Responsive Metal−Organic Framework for the Co-delivery of HIF-2α siRNA and Curcumin for Enhanced Therapy of Osteoarthritis
Authors: Zhang Zi-Jian , Hou Ying-Ke , Chen Ming-Wa , Yu Xue-Zhao , Chen Si-Yu , Yue Ya-Ru , Guo Xiong-Tian , Chen Jin-Xiang X. , Zhou Quan
Published: November 2022

The occurrence of osteoarthritis (OA) is highly correlated with the reduction of joint lubrication performance, in which persistent excessive inflammation and irreversible destruction of cartilage dominate the mechanism. The inadequate response to monotherapy methods, suboptimal efficacy caused by undesirable bioavailability, short retention, and lack of stimulus-responsiveness, are few unresolved issues. Herein, we report a pH-responsive metal-organic framework (MOF), namely, MIL-101-NH2, for the co-delivery of anti-inflammatory drug curcumin (CCM) and small interfering RNA (siRNA) for hypoxia inducible factor (HIF-2α). CCM and siRNA were loaded via encapsulation and surface coordination ability of MIL-101-NH2. Our vitro tests showed that MIL-101-NH2 protected siRNA from nuclease degradation by lysosomal escape. The pH-responsive MIL-101-NH2 gradually collapsed in an acidic OA microenvironment to release the CCM payloads to down-regulate the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and to release the siRNA payloads to cleave the target HIF-2α mRNA for gene-silencing therapy, ultimately exhibiting the synergetic therapeutic efficacy by silencing HIF-2α genes accompanied by inhibiting the inflammation response and cartilage degeneration of OA. The hybrid material reported herein exhibited promising potential performance for OA therapy as supported by both in vitro and in vivo studies and may offer an efficacious therapeutic strategy for OA utilizing MOFs as host materials.
Analysis of a Gray-Box Operator for Vertex Cover
Authors: Baguley Samuel , Friedrich Tobias , Kötzing Timo , Li Xiaoyue , Pappik Marcus , Zeif Ziena
Published: November 2022

Combinatorial optimization problems are a prominent application area of evolutionary algorithms, where the (1+1) EA is one of the most investigated. We extend this algorithm by introducing some problem knowledge with a specialized mutation operator which works under the assumption that the number of 1s of a solution is critical, as frequently happens in combinatorial optimization. This slight modification increases the chance to correct wrongly placed bits while preserving the simplicity and problem independence of the (1+1) EA. As an application of our algorithm we examine the vertex cover problem on certain instances, where we show that it leads to asymptotically better runtimes and even finds with higher probability optimal solutions in comparison with the usual (1+1) EA. Precisely, we compare the performance of both algorithms on paths and on complete bipartite graphs of size n. Regarding the path we prove that, for a particular initial configuration, the (1+1) EA takes in expectation Θ(n4) iterations while the modification reduces this to Θ(n3), and present experimental evidence that such a configuration is reached. Concerning the complete bipartite graph our modification finds the optimum in polynomial time with probability 1−1/2Ω(nξ) for every positive constant ξ < 1, which improves the known probability of 1 − 1/poly(n) for the (1+1) EA.
An Approach to Estimate Optimal Cut-off Time under Deficit Irrigation
Authors: Ghorbanian Mohammad , Ojaghlou Hassan , Ebrahimian Hamed
Published: November 2022

The use of deficit irrigation technique has become inevitable due to the lack of water resources in many parts of the world. The goal of this study is to improve the performance of border irrigation under deficit strategy by determining the optimal cutoff time (Tco). For this purpose, field experiments and simulation modeling were carried out. The experimental borders were different in terms of inflow discharge, soil texture and length. 1024 combinations included different physical and management factors were analyzed by the WinSRFR software. By determining the optimal Tco for each combination, fifteen regression equations were extracted for three irrigation levels and five advance times (Ta) (times when water advanced to 30 to 70% of the border lengths). Two indexes including Y (combination of efficiency and uniformity indices) and Y′ (combination of efficiency, uniformity, and requirement efficiency) were used to evaluate border irrigation performance. Based on the validation results, the relationship between Tco and Ta at the 70% of the border length was introduced as a suitable option. The performance of the selected equation was evaluated using the field data. The results illustrated that the calculated values of Y and Y′ from the proposed method was in high agreement with theses from the common optimization method. Tco obtained from the proposed relationship improved the Y and Y′ indices by 9.4 and 6.6%, respectively, compared to the field conditions. The proposed relationship will guarantee application efficiency above 60%, uniformity and requirement efficiency above 80%.
Application of frequency ratio, information value, and weights-of-evidence models and their comparison in landslide susceptibility mapping in Murree region, Sub-Himalayas
Authors: Islam Fakhrul , Iqbal Muhammad Farooq , Mahmood Irfan , Shahzad Muhammad Imran , Shah Safeer Ullah
Published: November 2022

Landslide is a chronic geohazard in hilly regions which affects the socioeconomic trends globally. Current study is conducted to apply three models including Information Value (IV), Frequency Ratio (FR) and Weights of Evidence (WoE) for Landslide Susceptibility Mapping (LSM) of Murree. Sentinel-2, Google Earth, and field surveys data were used to generate an inventory map of 102 landslides and these events were divided into two subsets i.e., 70% and 30% for LSM and model validation respectively. Eleven causative factors including soil erosion, elevation, slope, aspect, curvature, drainage, fault, road, precipitation, Land Use Land Cover (LULC), and lithology maps were prepared using Google Earth Engine (GEE). The final susceptibility maps were produced with the training datasets of landslide events and causative factors using IV, FR and WoE, whereas these maps were validated using the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) technique. The Area Under Curve (AUC) illustrated the Success Rate Curve (SRC) of 69%, 78% and 79% for the IV, FR and WoE models, respectively, while Predicted Rate Curve (PRC) were 80%, 95% and 87% for the IV, FR and WoE models, respectively. The results of this study can be used by policymakers to plan some mitigation regarding soil erosion and landslides-prone region.