bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The big data analytical capability and firm performance: mediating role of supply chain performance
Authors: Maliha Rashid
Published: March 2024

As a method of strengthening overall performance, the capacity to apply big data analytics is becoming increasingly vital in the current business environment. This study aims to examine whether and how supply chain performance mediates the relationship between a company's big data analytical proficiency and its bottom line. The study collects data from two hundred Asian manufacturing companies using a quantitative methodology. Combining structural equation modeling (SEM) and partial least squares analysis, we were able to confirm the central model's correctness (PLS). The results reveal a statistically significant and favorable correlation between big data analytical skills and business success. According to the study, supply chain performance is also a partial mediator of this relationship. According to the findings, supply chain efficiency is essential to a company's success since it promotes the application of big data analytical skills. The outcomes of this study have significant consequences for Asian manufacturing. They emphasize the significance of boosting an organization's analytical capabilities by utilizing big data. The performance of the supply chain is vital in mediating the relationship between the two concepts.
Validating of Survey Instrument in the Perspective of Computer Technology-based Learning
Authors: Jamali Asif Ali , Khoumbhati Khali Ur Rehman , Shah Azhar Ali , Bhutto Arifa
Published: March 2024

ICT plays an essential component in Higher education institutes (HEIs).A critical step in confirming that the results to be achieved are reliable in solving a study's problem is content validation. The goal of this research paper is to describe usage of survey instrument Content Validity Index (CVI) to confirm content of survey instrument created based on ICT acceptance impact on students' academic performance. The content validity index was used to determine the usability of a survey questionnaire. Ten field specialist/professionals were selected, and used Expert Panel Rating chart (EPRC), the opinions of these experts were considered using an approach of item-level CVI (I-CVI) and scale-level CVI (S-CVI). While certain latent variables and study items were either eliminated or changed, the outcome achieved an acceptable level of validity for the remaining items maintained systematically. In conclusion, students’ academic performances will be analyzed to assess the generally performance of the proposed model.
Impact of Strategic Leadership, Entrepreneurial Orientation, and Organizational Innovation on Organizational Performance: Harnessing Data to Understand the Mediating Role of Knowledge Management: A Case Study of SMEs in Pakistan,
Authors: Malik Ayesha , Zia Asbah , Fatima Erum , Naeem Shahid Muhammad
Published: March 2024

In the current era of competitiveness and digitalization SME’s can play an important role in economic development of a country like Pakistan. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of strategic leadership, Entrepreneurial and orientation organizational innovation on SME’s performance in Pakistan with the mediation role of knowledge management. A self-administered survey questionnaire is used to collect the data from SME’s Managers and owners. PLS is used for data analysis. The findings of the study reveal that there is a significant relationship between strategic leadership, Entrepreneurial orientation and organizational innovation and organizational performance. Moreover, Knowledge management has significant relationship with organizational performance. Further, statistical values show that knowledge management fully mediate the relationship. It is a unique study to test this combination of variables in the context of SME’s of Pakistan. As there are very limited studies available to discuss about SME’s performance specifically in the context of Pakistan. Current study will help the policy makers to develop the effective policies for SME’s sector development. Moreover, use of knowledge management as mediator indicate the novelty of current study. Conclusively, current study is limited to Pakistan in future researchers may use this framework to other developing countries with the variation of sample size and industrial sector.
The moderating effect of political skills and mediating impact of career self-efficacy on the relationship between personality traits and self-perceived employability in education sector.
Authors: Shameel Ahmed Quadri Syed , Khan Muhammad Kamran , Shaikh Ubedullah Amjad Ali , Israr Aqeel , Aziz Atif
Published: March 2024

In 1990s, the changes in the atmosphere of the business and change in paradigm from the technological to the economy of knowledge has resulted in the world of business evolution. Due to these severe changes many institutions were required and even forced to take few steps through which they can help graduates by introducing them to the corporate world. Moreover, on the researchers of management has been put in immense pressure in order to discover the cause-and-effect relationship in the employability. However, in the employability field skills has gained importance and edge. The previous literature has been given the importance to the association of personality traits, emotional intelligence and employability. Furthermore, this study will explore and provide fundamental understanding of personality factors that are traits of personality and influence of emotional intelligence on employability on the undergraduate students. In addition, to add more knowledge in the body of this study, a conceptual clarity of the variables consents the opportunity for understanding the experiences and the concepts of employability consequences and the constructs.
Machine Learning Applications in Cyber Threat Intelligence: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Naseer Iqra
Published: March 2024

Contemporary institutions are consistently confronted with fraudulent activities that exploit weaknesses in interconnected systems. Securing critical data against unauthorized access by hackers and other cybercriminals requires the application of robust cybersecurity protocols. As the number and complexity of cyber threats continue to grow, innovative prevention strategies are required. The objective of this study is to investigate the correlation between machine learning (ML) and cyber threat intelligence (CTI) to improve cybersecurity strategies. For the detection of anomalies, the analysis of malware, and the prediction of threats, ML techniques are indispensable in industries including retail, finance, healthcare, and cybersecurity. By employing critical threat information (CTI), security teams can gain a comprehensive understanding of adversary strategies and bolster defensive measures; thus, they play a pivotal role in proactive defense. Integration of ML and CTI facilitates exhaustive analysis by automating the acquisition, processing, and categorization of data. However, obstacles arise when confronted with issues such as risk assessment, the requirement for precise data, and the initial stages of machine learning implementation in business intelligence. In this paper, we present an extensive examination of the current literature concerning the visualization of Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) and the utilization of Machine Learning (ML. Therefore, the report concludes with an analysis of emergent threats, potential future applications of AI and ML in the field of cyber threat intelligence, and the critical contribution of machine learning to the improvement of cybersecurity.
Assess the Quality Of Life of Nurses Working In Shift Duties In Public Sector Hospital
Authors: Jabeen Anila , Zafar Shehla Naeem , Khan Gloria Noble , William Alic , Ali Haider , Albert Faryal Victoria
Published: March 2024

Working in shifts is a prerequisite for nurses to help patients, jeopardizing their own physical and mental health as well as having an influence on their social and family life, consequently leading to a lack of attentiveness and subpar job performance, putting the patients' lives in peril. This study aims to assess the nurses’ quality of life working in shift duties. 255 nurses participated in a cross-sectional analytical study of a public sector hospital. Participants were selected through consecutive non-probability sampling techniques. Data was collected using demographic characteristics and the WHO SF36 questionnaire and analyzed through SPSS version 21.0. The mean age was 31.6 ±7.3 years with the majority of 67.8% female nurses. The mean experience was 8.7 ± 6.4 years, duty hours 39 ± 11.7 hours, and 31% were working night shifts. Comparing the shift duties with all seven health parameters of quality of life, and general health, social activities energy and emotions were found statistically significant P<0.05. Compared with experience, only general health was found to have a statistically significant association at P<0.005 whereas no other parameter was found to have any association. Age and marital status showed a statistically significant association moreover, education also had an association with 3 health parameters. However, the experience was found to have a statistically significant association with mental health (P<0.007). The current study concluded that the health and quality of life of nurses are negatively impacted by the stress of their shift work. It may also cast a shadow over the delivery of care, which may be one of the variables influencing patients' outcomes.
Automated Acoustic Evaluation of Voice Disorders: A Comprehensive Study on Parameter Analysis Using ANN
Authors: Hina Zameer  , Sidra Abid Syed  , Marium Raziq  , Muhammad Muzammil Khan  , Sania Tanvir  , Shahzad Nasim
Published: March 2024

Voice analysis serves as a crucial tool in diagnosing voice abnormalities, offering a non-invasive alternative to intrusive procedures. This research digs into a comprehensive study of voice disorder assessment methodologies, focusing on acoustic analysis and classification. The study employs various parameters such as Jitter, Shimmer, and Harmonic-to-Noise Ratio (HNR) alongside an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) classifier. Utilizing the Saarbruecken Voice Database the research aims to distinguish between healthy and dysphonic voices across genders. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) aids in feature selection, enhancing model accuracy. The results exhibit distinct precision levels in male and female groups, showcasing the effectiveness of specific parameters in classification.
Decoding Bovine Behavior: A Machine Learning Analysis of Disease and Event Detection
Authors: Nadeem Ghalib , Zubair  , Ali Shahrukh , Hasan Bismah , Yasin Sajid , Hasan Basit
Published: March 2024

The dairy industry globally serves millions, creates employment opportunities, and contributes to GDP and livelihoods, supporting numerous farmers and milk processors, and contributing to the GDP of many countries. Even with the high number of cows, a variety of illnesses such lameness, mastitis, metritis, foot and mouth disorders have a significant impact on the milk output. This demands the growth of smart methods to assist dairy producers in keeping an eye on the health, nutrition, and general well-being of their cows. To identify noteworthy bovine occurrences and illnesses, this research uses Machine Learning (ML) methods such as Extreme Gradient Boost (XGB), Naive Bayes (NB), and Perceptron. In order to uncover complex relationships and unearth undiscovered information about the characteristics and occurrences of bovine’s disease like Acidosis, Calving, Estrus, Lameness, and Mastitis. We closely scrutinize four distinct datasets. Metrics like as Area under the Curve (AUC), F1 score, accuracy, precision, recall, and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve are used to evaluate performance. When it comes to identifying estrus events, XGB has the best detection accuracy score 92.59%, whereas XGB can detect a variety of events and disease with the highest recall 100% and the highest precision 95% and AUC of 0.962 when it comes to identifying calving, mastitis, and lameness
Analyzing the data on the Holistic Impact of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Rewards on Employee Performance: A Case of School Staff of an Asian Country
Authors: Memon Falaq , Lashari Irfan Ahmed , Dogar Humaira , Phulpoto Shumaila
Published: March 2024

Intrinsic and extrinsic rewards play significant roles in influencing employee performance and motivation. The primary objective of this study is to ascertain the correlation between various forms of rewards—both intrinsic and extrinsic—and employee performance. It seeks to examine the interconnection between extrinsic and intrinsic rewards and their impact on employee performance comprehensively. Furthermore, the study aims to identify the factors influencing private schools in adopting effective practices and a structured approach towards recognizing staff contributions. To achieve these objectives, descriptive statistics were utilized to gather demographic information. Subsequently, inferential statistics were employed to analyze the relationships between variables. A total of 70 questionnaires were distributed among the teaching staff of a private school, yielding 65 accurate responses. The findings indicate a statistically significant positive influence of both intrinsic and extrinsic rewards on employee job performance. Additionally, the study reveals a strong predictive relationship between these independent variables and employee job performance within the workplace.
Shin Splint: The Complexities of a Common lower Leg Affliction
Authors: Han Haolun
Published: March 2024

In the realm of sports, fitness, and physical activities, shin splints are closely connected with athletes, runners, and ballers. The discomfort and pain associated with the athlete spirit bring about the worst feeling when facing challenges in recovery. This essay delves deep into the area of shin splints, pointing out the intricate web of factors that contribute to the development and impact on individuals who are working on and trying to overcome the pain. Besides, the review Includes more detailed insights into the physiological and biomechanical aspects of shin splints, discuss the latest research findings on effective treatment and prevention methods, and highlight the implications of shin splints on athletes' performance and recovery processes. The essay also explores various strategies for prevention and management, taking an interdisciplinary approach to understand and address the condition. This review can provide valuable information and reference for the treatment, rehabilitation, and prevention of tibial splints.
Research Progress on Iodine Capture by Covalent Organic Framework Materials
Authors: Zhang Yeru
Published: March 2024

With the development of nuclear power, the removal of radionuclides is an important responsibility and task. Radioactive iodine, as one of the most radionuclide in nuclear wastes, its safe disposal is essential to ensure the sustainable development of the nuclear industry. Covalent organic framework materials are crystalline organic porous materials, which were constructed by covalent bonds. Because of their regular pore structure, large surface area and high chemical stability, covalent organic framework materials are selected as an ideal iodine capturing materials due to their structural characteristics and the adsorption sites of covalent organic framework materials. In this paper, the research progress of covalent organic framework materials in iodine capture was briefly reviewed. Meanwhile, the prospect of high efficiency iodine-capture covalent organic framework materials on industrialized application is predicted.
Existing Therapeutic Vaccine Approaches for Cervical Cancer
Authors: Liu Shuyang
Published: March 2024

As the level of modern medical treatment gradually advances and improves with the development, therapeutic vaccines are gradually being researched and applied in clinical treatment, but there are still some areas that require further research and improvement. This article summarizes the research progress, market development, awareness and popularity of cervical cancer therapeutic vaccines in recent years and treatment scope. The study found that the clinical basis for therapeutic vaccines and their popularity and awareness in remote and low-income developing countries are low, and people in these areas also have misunderstandings about cervical cancer. In addition, the cervical cancer therapeutic vaccine mainly targets HPV16 and HPV18, two subtypes that are the main factors causing cervical cancer. Therefore, there is basically no progress in the research of therapeutic vaccines for cervical cancer except for these two subtypes. The development of therapeutic vaccines for cervical cancer has gradually progressed, but in some places, there are still shortcomings compared with vaccines that are already on the market and are used proficiently.
Effects of Lactic Acid Bacteria on The Quality of Steamed Bread and Its Process Transformation
Authors: Li Lingfei
Published: March 2024

The starter culture of traditional steamed buns is composed of a variety of microorganisms, among which lactic acid bacteria are the main source of fermentation. The quality of the product is directly affected by the diversity and abundance of lactic acid bacteria. As a probiotic that plays an important role in many fields, lactic acid bacteria have an important impact on the quality of steamed buns. These effects include enhanced nutritional value, improved flavor, altered texture, extended shelf life, production of antioxidants, etc. The dough fermentation method in which lactic acid bacteria play a major role is called sourdough. It has better technological value than ordinary dough and is one of the research focuses of the food industry. This study explores the natural link between lactic acid bacteria and the flavor, texture, antioxidant activity, and nutritional value of steamed bun dough. At the same time, the effects of process improvement and the addition of new raw materials on the quality and nutritional properties of steamed buns fermented by lactic acid bacteria were explored.
Hyperthermic Intravesical Chemotherapy Shed New Light on Therapy for NMIBC: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhao Gang
Published: March 2024

Background: Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer accounts for the 75% of bladder cancers but with limited kinds of therapies, especially in the situation that the shortage and high failure rate of intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin. There is some evidence that hyperthermic intravesical chemotherapy could enhance the effect of normal intravesical chemotherapy and may be the alternative. Method: To verify the effect of hyperthermic intravesical chemotherapy, we searched three databases including PubMed (Medline), Embase, and Cochrane Library for related studies. The main outcome were the OR (odds ratio) and the survival data. The quality of studies was evaluated by two authors independently using Jadad Scale for prospective studies and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for retrospective studies. Result: In total, 1,900 patients were included in the quantitative evaluation. The meta-analysis demonstrated significant difference in recurrence rate (OR = 0.42, 95%CI = 0.25-0.72, p=0.0015) and RFS (HR = 0.69, 95%CI = 0.54-0.88, p=0.0029) between hyperthermic intravesical chemotherapy with control groups (intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin and normal intravesical chemotherapy) but no obvious advantage in OS (HR = 0.84, 95%CI = 0.59-1.19, p=0.7805) and PFS (HR = 0.51, 95%CI = 0.06-4.08, p=0.5285). We separately use way of heat, control therapy, solvent, country and study type to conduct the subgroup analysis for recurrence rate and RFS. Conclusion: Hyperthermic intravesical chemotherapy can enhance the effect of normal intravesical chemotherapy and act as the alternative for intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin, and more studies are needed for further analyses.
Immunopathogenesis and detection methods of type 2 diabetes
Authors: Li Yiwei
Published: March 2024

Diabetes is a disease that is increasingly prevalent on a global scale. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) accounts for 90% of all diabetes cases and is a chronic condition primarily influenced by factors such as obesity and genetics. This condition often leads to the development of various cardiovascular diseases. A diverse of different detection methods for the T2D have been developed and achieved good detection and analysis results. In addition, numerous studies have indicated a close connection between T2D and immune inflammation. This research primarily introduces the current status of diabetes, provides a detailed summary of the connection betweenT2D and the immune system, and presents novel immune biomarkers related to T2D. Some new immunological testing methods will be analyzed in this research. In the future, there is hope that these new biomarkers can be used to design more advantageous therapeutic drugs for diabetes patients and more convenient, sensitive, and low-cost detection methods.
Advancements and Clinical Significance of Breast Cancer Exosome Detection
Authors: Zhou Xinjie
Published: March 2024

Exosomes, which are lipid bilayer vesicles actively secreted by cells with a diameter of 30-100 nm, play a crucial role in the occurrence, development, and formation of the tumor microenvironment in breast cancer. They have become an important component of liquid biopsies for breast cancer and ideal targets for early diagnosis, treatment assessment, and clinical therapy. Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women. However, traditional exosome detection methods have several limitations, and there are still many difficulties and challenges in achieving widespread clinical application of exosomes. Nowadays, significant progress has been made in exosome detection and analysis techniques, including optical methods such as colorimetry, fluorescence, surface-enhanced Raman scattering, as well as various electrochemical and thermal signal methods. This review summarizes the current biomarkers and novel developments in detection techniques applied to liquid biopsy of exosomes in breast cancer.
The Neurological Characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Zhao Duoxiang
Published: March 2024

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a multifaceted neurodevelopmental condition that predominantly affects males and manifests through diverse behavioral impairments, such as difficulties in social engagement and a tendency towards limited, recurrent behaviors. Concepts like the theory of mind and the executive function theory notably emphasize the underlying aspects of the condition, highlighting deficits in understanding others' mental states and domain-general cognitive difficulties, respectively, though receiving varying levels of empirical support. A focus on neurological perspectives, utilizing tools like functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and electroencephalogram (EEG), is indispensable for unveiling intricate patterns and alterations in brain regions crucial for social cognition and empathy, such as the superior temporal sulcus (STS) and amygdala (AMY). These neurological insights are pivotal in painting a holistic picture of ASD, emphasizing not just the behavioral manifestations but also the underlying neurological substrates. Such an integrated approach is crucial for advancing the current understanding, refining diagnostic methodologies, and developing more targeted interventions, which are vital for addressing the diverse needs and challenges faced by individuals with ASD.
Analysis of treatment methods for canine and feline dermatomycosis
Authors: Liu Luyan
Published: March 2024

Dermatomycosis is a kind of superficial infectious disease of skin, mucous membrane and skin accessory organ, which is caused by fungi. Dermatomycosis is a zoonosis characterized by recurrent, infectious and high morbidity. Nowadays, all studies on the treatment of dermatomycosis in cats and dogs are relatively scattered, so the purpose of this research is to analyze the therapeutic drugs of the dermatomycosis comprehensively by comparing the experimental data and results in other literatures, and point out the cons and pros and the target groups. Terbinafine is a good choice for both topical and systemic use or even as a medicated bath. For topical antibacterial treatment, ketoconazole, which has uncertain hepatotoxicity, is not recommended for young pets or those whose liver function is impaired. For systemic treatment, the itraconazole suspension is a better option, and fluconazole is not recommended to be the first choice if the sick animal is canine due to dogs’ poor sensitivity to it. Among the Chinese medicines, simple Chinese gallnut solution, compound prescription composed of Chinese gallnut, smoked plum and other 8 Chinese herbs, and a shampoo called Sanzi Qingbai are both safe and effective treatments, which is less likely to develop drug resistance. People should consider the overall condition of the sick animal and the nature of the drugs when choosing the most suitable treatment, and the combination of Chinese and Western medical treatments is also a new direction.
Study on the progress of three pathways in anxiety disorders
Authors: Liu Keming
Published: March 2024

An overview is presented in this review, which delves into the neural pathways associated with anxiety disorders. The emphasis is placed on the amygdala and prefrontal cortex circuit, the GABAergic pathway, and the serotonin pathway. The amygdala-prefrontal cortex circuit is essential to processing fear and making decisions; anxiety disorders have been linked to disruption in this circuit. The GABAergic pathway, characterized by the release of GABA and inhibition of neuronal activity, is implicated in anxiety through its role in regulating neuronal excitability. Altered GABAergic function is associated with various anxiety disorders. The serotonin pathway, involving the release of serotonin and modulation of mood and stress responses, is also involved in anxiety disorders. Medications targeting these pathways can help modulate the circuits and alleviate anxiety symptoms. Awareness of these pathways is still limited, though, because anxiety is a complicated illness influenced by a number of factors. The main goals of future research should be the development of individualized treatment plans for anxiety disorders and better clarifying the processes of dysregulation.
The Microcapsule Based on the Maillard Reaction Product from Spray Drying to Deliver Probiotics
Authors: Wang Miaoshu
Published: March 2024

The physical fitness improving capacity of probiotics has been proved to be valid but easy to degrade when exposed to the environment of processing, storage, and human gastrointestinal tract. A series of research have shown that the microcapsule embedding technology or coating technology with certain Maillard Reaction products (MRPs) as the wall material has the potential to improve the delivery condition, protect the probiotic supplements and helping the ideal expressing of probiotics in the gastrointestinal environment. This article explores the tactics that enforce microencapsulation of probiotics with microcapsule, which uses MRPs as wall material. The action mechanism of probiotics in microcapsule and the potential embedding techniques to develop the probiotic delivery systems will also be covered in this essay. However, the action mechanism of microcapsule-probiotic system taken place in vivo tract is still hot topic considering the studies performed through vitro strategy are not forcible enough considering the exogenous factors that cannot be tested.
Research Progress and Development Strategy of Microalgae Polysaccharides
Authors: Zhao Yitong , Bai Xiuting , Zhang Xueman , Zhang Mengyu
Published: March 2024

With the increasingly in-depth marine research, the high-value utilization of seafood has been a research trend, among which the research on microalgae polysaccharides is sufficient. At present, a large number of studies have shown that microalgae polysaccharides have a wide range of biological activities, but their structural analysis is not systematic. Thus, in the past, the research on microalgae polysaccharides mostly focused on a single dimension. In this paper, the structure, composition, analysis method, biological activity and application of microalgae polysaccharides are studied. Meanwhile, the current research status and achievements of microalgae polysaccharides are presented by integrating multiple indexes, and the defects of existing research are analyzed, which provides guiding suggestions for further research and development of microalgae polysaccharides.
To What Extent does CRISPR/Cas9 Truly Elevate Target Efficiency and Revolutionize Drug Discovery?
Authors: Gao Leyao
Published: March 2024

The emergence of the CRISPR/Cas9 system has ushered in a new era of genetic editing with vast implications for both therapeutic interventions and drug discovery. This essay explores the extent to which CRISPR/Cas9 elevates target efficiency and revolutionizes drug discovery. While this technology offers unprecedented efficiency, precision, and programmability in genome editing, concerns about off-target effects have arisen. The essay discusses the transformative impact of CRISPR/Cas9 in drug discovery, particularly in cancer research and combating antimicrobial resistance. It also highlights strategies for detecting and mitigating off-target effects, such as in silico prediction tools, experimental methods, and precision-enhancing techniques. Ultimately, CRISPR/Cas9’s potential is undeniable, but its full realization depends on ongoing research and refinement to optimize specificity and revolutionize the field of drug discovery.
Heart disease prediction utilizing machine learning techniques
Authors: Chen Litian
Published: March 2024

Heart disease is an international public health issue and a significant health risk for many people. The World Health Organization (WHO) reported that heart disease has been identified as one of the primary causes of death. Owing to its rapid development and application in many areas, Machine Learning has become an effective technique for predicting heart disease. Machine learning, along with large-scale medical data and advanced algorithms, can assist healthcare professionals in accurately predicting the risk of heart disease, thus providing early intervention and treatment for patients. This research paper uses the “heart_2020_cleaned.csv” dataset, containing 319795 instances and 18 attributes, of which 70% of instances were randomly selected for the training set and 30% for testing. Applying machine learning algorithms in data mining such as Decision Tree (DT), LightGBM, Random Forest (RF) and Logistic Regression (LR) to forecast heart disease. Before constructing models, data cleaning, feature selection and hyperparameter tuning processes were done, aiming to explore the potential patterns among data. Comparative Analysis was conducted on the external test set to compare the prediction performance of different models at the same level. The result reported that the highest accuracy achieved with LightGBM was 76.9%, followed by Logistic Regression and Random Forest, with Decision Tree being the worst.
Multi-factors correlation to diabetes using Machine Learning: findings from BRFSS
Authors: Wu Shiying
Published: March 2024

The escalating prevalence of diabetes has emerged as a burgeoning national concern, necessitating comprehensive investigation and intervention. Leveraging data extracted from the 2021 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), this study harnesses the power of data mining techniques to discern salient variables within expansive datasets. Subsequently, a series of machine learning models, comprising Random Forest, Decision Tree, Lasso Regression, and Neural Network, were constructed, and evaluated. The principal objective of this research is to facilitate the identification of the optimal predictive model for diabetes. By scrutinizing and contrasting the performance of these diverse models, this study aspires to contribute valuable insights into the field of diabetes prediction, potentially aiding in the development of more accurate and effective diagnostic tools. Consequently, this research and to make a meaningful stride towards mitigating the adverse impacts of the burgeoning diabetes epidemic and underscores the pivotal role of data-driven analytics and machine learning in the realm of public health research and policy formulation.
Toxicities and related improvements of CAR-T Cell in the treatment of cancer
Authors: Zou Tianyi
Published: March 2024

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy is a revolutionary new therapy. Since its first discovery, CAR-T therapy has become the fastest growing and most widely used branch of anti-cancer immunotherapy. The field of hematological malignancies has undergone a rapid transformation due to the advent of this technology, which is responsible for over 50% of all cell therapies that are being developed or sold nowadays. With the extensive use of CAR-T cell technologies, more and more advantages and uses have emerged. However, as CAR-T was approved for marketing, shortcomings and toxicities such as CRS, CRES, and cytopenias were also discovered in clinical practice. A number of limitations, including high prices, limited accessibility, and unregulated quality also restrict CAR-T cell therapy’s further promotion and application. This review focuses on CAR-T cell therapy’s mechanisms, toxicities, related improvements, and future developments. Also, this article makes an analysis and summary of CAR-T therapy, hoping to provide a feasible reference for future research.
Research progress in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases with extracellular vesicles
Authors: Jiang Zhaoyang
Published: March 2024

Extracellular vehicles (EVs) are small lipid vesicles that can release signaling substances containing proteins, nucleic acids, and other bioactive molecules. Recent research shows that EVs have potential application prospects in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. EVs can alter the function of damaged cells and promote the repair and regeneration of cardiovascular tissue by transmitting bioactive molecules. In addition, EVs have the characteristics of low immunogenicity and high stability, making it a potential therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular diseases. Although the current research is still in the pre-clinical stage, with the further revelation of the mechanism of cardiovascular disease treatment using EVs, the treatment of cardiovascular diseases by EVs is bound to enter the clinical stage. This review expounds the advantages of EVs in cardiovascular diseases, and systematically lists the current application progress of EVs in a variety of cardiovascular diseases.
The Impaired Sustained Attention in Children with ADHD: Relevant Factors and Clinical Implications
Authors: Liang Zhiling
Published: March 2024

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental condition that profoundly disrupts a child's capacity to maintain focus, impacting various aspects of their daily existence. This article delves into the intricate realm of compromised sustained attention in children diagnosed with ADHD, offering an exhaustive examination of the contributing factors and their clinical implications. Employing extensive research, this research delves into the multifaceted facets of attention deficits associated with ADHD, encompassing distinct attentional components, susceptibility to distractions, attention patterns, processing speed, autonomic regulation, and developmental considerations. By unraveling these discoveries, the exploration acquires valuable insights into the hurdles confronted by children grappling with ADHD when it comes to sustaining attention. Furthermore, emphasizing the significance of tailored interventions aimed at addressing specific attention-related elements. By shedding light on the complexity of impaired sustained attention in ADHD, this article advances researchers’ comprehension of this condition and lays the groundwork for more efficacious diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. This review can help improve the lives of children affected by ADHD by fostering a more nuanced understanding of the challenges they face in their daily lives.
Causal analysis on DNA methylation reveals key regulators in aging and senescence
Authors: Cui Tingyi
Published: March 2024

Aging is a multifaceted biological phenomenon influenced by genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. Cellular senescence, characterized by an irreversible cell cycle arrest, is a pivotal mechanism contributing to aging and age-related diseases. It is also associated with alterations in DNA methylation, a key epigenetic marker. However, the causal link between senescence-associated DNA methylation changes and aging outcomes remains elusive. In our study, we analyzed three distinct methods to induce cellular senescence and systematically evaluated the resultant DNA methylation profiles. Utilizing Mendelian Randomization, we identified that 4.1% of the methylated loci were significantly associated with aging outcomes and accounted for the majority of the observed variance. Further mediation analysis pinpointed key genes, including CISD2, MARS2, and ETFB, that serve as mediators for these epigenetic effects. Experimental validation using Senescence-Associated-β-Galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining confirmed that knockdown of these genes triggers cellular senescence. Our findings provide compelling evidence for the causal role of DNA methylation in cellular senescence and its impact on aging.
Correlative Factors of PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors-based Immunotherapy Responses in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Wang Caiwei
Published: March 2024

The use of immunotherapy as a treatment modality in the field of cancer has garnered significant attention since its discovery. Among these, studies have demonstrated the substantial benefits of using programmed death 1 (PD1)/programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, as research continues, there are differing advantages and disadvantages to this treatment for NSCLC. Adverse effects related to the immune system and high costs are also faced by patients undergoing this therapy. As a result, the creation of biomarkers is crucial for the immunotherapy of cancer. Numerous studies have examined immunotherapy's side effects in non-small cell lung cancer. Therefore, on the basis of previous studies, this article reviews the factors related to the involvement of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in the immunotherapy response of NSCLC, in order to find candidate drugs and more effective biological treatments for PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. Markers provide direction and theoretical basis.
Pathway Analysis of Tumor Immunity by TIGIT and Recent Scientific Research Results
Authors: Liu Xiaoyuan
Published: March 2024

The T cellular immune receptor with immunoglobulin and TIGIT, an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif, is a recently identified immune checkpoint molecule primarily found on the outer membrane of T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. It is mediated by binding to ligands such as CD155 inhibits T and NK cells' Immune response and influences of tumor microenvironment. At present, many studies have identified the main pathway and mechanism of TIGIT control, and some drug companies have developed anti-Tigit drugs and put them into clinical trials. The application of TIGIT antibody to the treatment of malignant tumors has shown broad prospects in tumor immunotherapy. However, many studies have limitations, The research on TIGIT is less extensive and detailed compared to PD-1/PD-L1, and there is still uncertainty regarding the impact of the TIGIT pathway on various cancers, which requires further investigation by researchers. This study examined previous research on the structure and pathway of TIGIT, and successfully identified the structure of TIGIT and the ligands associated with its primary pathway. Based on the research on its signaling pathway and the results of its clinical trials in some cancers, the paper summarized its four main pathways, three mechanisms of action and recent research results. On this basis, I put forward my personal speculation. This paper focuses on the structural composition, ligand types and pathway analysis of TIGIT, providing a basic reference for further exploration of the action pathway of TIGIT in the future. However, the summary of the TIGIT pathway is not complete and needs further exploration by researchers.
Controlling Relative miRNA level as Target Therapy of the BRCA Mutation and Its Challenges
Authors: Xie Chenxi
Published: March 2024

In the past few decades, the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of BRCA1/2-related cancer, especially breast cancer and ovarian cancer, have been a topic of great concern to scientists and the public. People with mutated BRCA genes are more likely to develop breast and ovarian cancer, and such causes of these types of cancer are inherited. Till now, there is no perfect solution for this gene defect. microRNAs (miRNAs), as important gene expression regulation molecules in humans, are considered to have the potential to be a tool for early diagnosis of such gene defects. In this review, the literature on miRNA closely related to BRCA gene regulation is reviewed, and the mechanism of miRNA causing BRCA gene variation is discussed. The online databases used in this research are PubMed, Nature Journals, ScienceDirect, The European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI), and Google Scholar. The search terms are “BRCA gene mutation”, “BRCA gene function”, “PARP inhibitor”, “miRNA for BRCA regulation”, “Target therapy for BRCA gene mutation”, “Drug resistance”, and “Target specificity”. This paper aims to discuss the possibility of reducing the incidence of BRCA gene mutation by controlling the content of relative miRNAs – reducing miRNAs that inhibit BRCA gene expression and increasing miRNAs that promote BRCA gene expression– and how to restore the function of the mutated BRCA gene by this means. The population that develops breast and ovarian cancer has been on the rise for decades, and the age of patients is getting younger. If miRNA can be developed as an early diagnostic tool, it will enhance the power of current cancer screening techniques and provide a more stable basis for early prevention and subsequent treatment.
The Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Major Depressive Disorder and Relapse Prevention
Authors: Li Yifang
Published: March 2024

Due to the prevalence and severity of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), it is essential to examine the effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) when treating and preventing the recurrence of MDD. This paper evaluated recent research in this area. First, this article described the importance of research on MDD, which has led to considering MBCT techniques for treating MDD. In addition, this article presented previous literature which explored the symptoms and causes of MDD, as well as the mechanisms and theories of mindfulness training and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). Moreover, the paper reviewed recent findings in this area and compared the overall effectiveness of MBCT, Active Control Condition (ACC), and medical therapy when treating MDD. Plus, this paper identified the core components of MBCT, including self-compassion cultivation, meditation training, attentional bias improvement, and meta-cognitive skill enhancement. Finally, this paper also proposed that future research should involve large and diverse samples, longer-term studies, subgroup analyses, and qualitative research to understand MBCT’s effectiveness and applications more comprehensively.
UPR-Activated IRE1 Signaling Pathway Promotes Malignant Growth of Breast Cancer
Authors: Fan Xinyu , Zhu Zhiqi , Zhao Ziyi
Published: March 2024

Initially, it was believed that the unfolded protein response (UPR) was a network signal that synchronized apoptotic and adaptive responses to the buildup of unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The endoplasmic reticulum stress sensor IRE1 is a major player in the UPR, and overactivation of IRE1 can promote a variety of pathological phenomena, such as diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. Under endoplasmic reticulum stress, IRE1 is activated through autophosphorylation and oligomerization, leading to conformational changes in the RNase domain, thereby promoting two signaling pathways: 1) unconventional splicing of XBP1 and 2) regulated IRE1 dependence Decay (RIDD). Research has revealed that aggressive B-type breast cancer cells typically have an overexpressed and amplified IRE1 gene. Through the RIDD mechanism, IRE1 processes and regulates the breakdown of a fraction of tumor-suppressing micro-RNA, which in breast cancer cells results in the Ras oncogene GTPase. RAB3B is elevated. This article reveals the mechanism of action of the IRE1 signaling pathway and the RIE1-RIDD-miRNA pathway in promoting the malignant development of luminal breast cancer.
Analysis of Different Treatment Methods for Autism
Authors: Peng Zisu
Published: March 2024

Autism, the full name of autism spectrum disorder, is a type of inborn, congenital, or onset in infancy, characterized by social communication difficulties, narrow interests, repetitive stereotyped behaviors, and sensory perception. In recent decades, the incidence of autism has been increasing worldwide. It is estimated that the average prevalence of autism worldwide is about 1%. Therefore, there is no doubt that autism has become a public health issue that has attracted great attention and attention from societies and governments around the world. It is also one of the key topics in neuro-medical research today, although many researchers have conducted corresponding clinical experiments on treatments for autism. However, there are still some unresolved problems in the treatment of autism in Chinese medicine. As a result, this article uses literature review and survey research methods, mainly studies and summarizes traditional Chinese and Western medicine in the treatment of autism and compares the shortcomings of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of patients with autism. And the treatment and popularization of autism still need to continue to be researched and promoted.
The Correlation Between Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and Lung Cancer
Authors: Liu Yuming
Published: March 2024

The prevalent chronic lung condition known as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is defined with the repeated scarring of pulmonary tissues. About 3 million individuals are impacted globally, and that figure is only increasing. There are no effective treatments available right now to help IPF sufferers with their symptoms. The lungs, one of the essential organs in charge of exchanging oxygen, are affected by lung cancer, a terrible condition that can be fatal. It affects both men and women of all ages and is the main reason for cancer-related deaths globally. This research focuses on the correlation between similar risk factors and related causes of these two diseases. By discussing the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) and telomeres, it would be able to see how the two diseases are related. In addition, targets for the vaccination will also be analyzed, and the current stages of clinical therapeutic methods will be discussed.