bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Controle estatístico de processo aplicado ao processamento de sementes de amendoim
Authors: De Jesus Matheus André , Barbosa Rafael Marani , Vieira Roberval Daiton
Published: October 2020

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito das etapas do processo de produção sobre a qualidade fisiológica de sementes de amendoim por meio do Controle Estatístico de Processo. As amostragens foram realizadas durante as etapas de arranquio das plantas, recolhimento, transporte, secagem, armazenamento (dois, quatro e seis meses), além das seguintes etapas de beneficiamento: trilha mecânica, classificação por tamanho, separação por densidade e coloração, e tratamento químico. Para a avaliação da qualidade realizaram-se procedimentos de rotina dos laboratórios de controle de qualidade de produtoras de sementes: teor de água, germinação, primeira contagem, emergência de plântulas, condutividade elétrica, envelhecimento acelerado e tetrazólio. Após o arranquio, e nas fases de cura e armazenamento, houve redução na qualidade das sementes, porém, com o início do beneficiamento e nas etapas seguintes houve uma melhora nos atributos gerais do lote, devido a padronização das sementes, elevando o seu desempenho. No envelhecimento acelerado, houve queda de vigor ao longo do processamento, devido a deterioração natural das sementes desde a fase de maturidade fisiológica. Dessa forma, o Controle Estatístico de Processo se mostra eficaz no monitoramento do beneficiamento de sementes de amendoim, possibilitando a identificação de variações e tomada de decisão durante o processamento.
Educational Program “Thunderbolt Hunt»: An Analysis with the “Experimental-Genetic Method”
Authors: Kornelaki A.C. , Plakitsi K.
Published: October 2020

This paper attempts to transfer L.S. Vygotsky’s experimental-genetic method in Science Education and, furthermore, into non-formal settings. The nature of Science Education in early school grades as well as the flexibility and the need to some extent of incorporating arts in Science Education indicate that experimental-genetic method may be applied as a useful tool of analysis which will provide in-depth insights about the learning process. The method was applied to the data, collected from the implementation of the educational program «Thunderbolt hunt» at the Archaeological Museum of Ioannina, Greece. Unlike many other courses, this educational program is based on the museums’ exhibits and introduces concepts of science as well as cultivates scientific method. In this paper a meta-analysis of the implementation of the program to a first grade of a public primary school is presented. The data analysis shows explicitly the relation between the formation of the concept of air and the social relations and interactions between the students. The combination of transcending the misconceptions about air, conducting experiments and trying to adapt a new way of working result in a lot of contradictions while at the same time give space for reflection which altogether create «the dramatic character of the organized interaction».
Methodological Challenges of Studying Children in a Living Laboratory: Case example of Conceptual PlayLab
Authors: Fleer M. , Fragkiadaki G. , Rai P.
Published: October 2020

Digital technologies have created possibilities in research unavailable when Vygotsky first introduced his cultural-historical approach for studying children’s development. More needs to be known about the relations between methodology and method when using digital tools in the early developmental period (1-5 years). In this paper we introduce the concept of a living laboratory to capture the research dynamics of this cultural age period in family homes and preschool settings under conditions of an educational experiment. We discuss Vygotsky’s theoretical concepts as foundational for theorising the use of digital tools for researching in a living laboratory. Central for a living laboratory are: (1) capturing development in motion, (2) including the past in the present research context, (3) designing studies in ways that go beyond fossilised complete forms of development, and (4) creating study conditions for condensed and amplified forms of development. To bring these conditions into the research contexts where a condensed form of development emerges opens up a dynamic yet dialectical way of studying early development. We showcase digital tools, such as VR and digital data collection, as part of (1) undertaking an educational experiment of a Conceptual PlayWorld, and (2) a cultural-historical conception of longitudinal research for studying the conceptual development of infants, toddlers and preschoolers within a living laboratory.
Modern Problems of Children's Play: Cultural-Historical Context
Authors: Veraksa N.E. , Veresov N.N. , Veraksa A.N. , Sukhikh V.L.
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this article is to analyze the state of modern research on children’s play, approaches to its study, as well as existing methods of its evaluation. The relevance of the topic is due to the leading role of the play in preschool childhood and the complexity of this phenomenon. Play is actively studied, and play interventions are often used. However, the analysis of the literature shows confusion and uncertainty of terminology due to a large spread of theoretical positions and methodological approaches to the study of play. This creates great difficulties in planning and conducting research, and affects their results. The article deals with the issues of defining and classifying play, understanding its structure and development. The main trends of modern research and their connection with classical game theories, the role of cultural-historical approach and the contribution of E.O. Smirnova to the study of play are shown.
A NÃO INCIDÊNCIA DA TEORIA DO ADIMPLEMENTO SUBSTANCIAL EM RELAÇÃO À OBRIGAÇÃO DE NATUREZA ALIMENTAR
Authors: Sartori Ellen Carina Mattias , Pegoraro Luiz Nunes
Published: October 2020

O direito a alimentos que decorre dos vínculos familiares tem natureza jurídica de direito da personalidade, pois se relaciona à manutenção da vida digna, submetendo-se a um regime jurídico especial. Tendo como embasamento a decisão proferida pelo Superior Tribunal de Justiça no Habeas Corpus nº 439.973/MG, o artigo tem como objetivo analisar se a teoria do adimplemento substancial poderia ser aplicada para ilidir a prisão civil do devedor de alimentos. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, que utiliza o método de abordagem dedutivo, realizada por meio de revisão de literatura e pesquisa jurisprudencial no Superior Tribunal de Justiça. Como resultado, demonstra-se que a teoria do adimplemento substancial, de aplicação estrita no âmbito do direito contratual, somente nas hipóteses em que a parcela inadimplida revela-se de escassa importância, revela-se inadequada para solver controvérsias relacionadas às obrigações de natureza alimentar, mesmo porque o pagamento parcial não afasta a possibilidade da prisão civil do devedor de alimentos.
INQUÉRITOS POLICIAIS ELETRÔNICOS: EFICIÊNCIA EM BENEFÍCIO DA INVESTIGAÇÃO E DO DIREITO DE DEFESA
Authors: Martins Marcelo Guerra , Coltro Rafael Khalil
Published: October 2020

O presente artigo tem por objetivo abordar questões atinentes à transição dos inquéritos policiais, tradicionalmente confeccionados em papel, para a forma eletrônica, com enfoque para a situação vivenciada no Estado de São Paulo, donde foram retirados os principais dados da pesquisa. No que se refere à metodologia, trata-se de um estudo bibliográfico com colheita de dados de modo qualitativo e cujas conclusões foram obtidas essencialmente por indução. Em termos de resultados, observou-se que a implantação da nova sistemática se encontra em estágio avançado no Estado de São Paulo, pois, em 2019, o inquérito eletrônico estava presente em mais de 1.700 das 1.752 Delegacias de Polícia, em 645 municípios, com mais de 31.800 inquéritos instaurados, num total de mais de 3 milhões e 800 mil páginas em formato eletrônico. A partir da argumentação desenvolvida no texto, os autores concluem que a virtualização dos inquéritos, além de gerar economia de recursos públicos, é capaz de proporcionar maior celeridade e eficiência a esses procedimentos, gerando ganhos para a sociedade (diminuição do risco da prescrição penal pelo decurso do tempo) e também para os próprios investigados (facilitação do exercício da defesa).
A AUTORIDADE PARENTAL E LIMITES DOS DIREITOS DA PERSONALIDADE NO CONTEXTO TECNOLÓGICO
Authors: Alves Fernando de Brito , Franco Tiago
Published: October 2020

Discute-se sobre os limites da atuação do poder parental sobre os direitos da personalidade na família, tendo como eixo temático o atual panorama constitucional e democrático, adotando para tanto alguns percalços sentidos na era digital da internet. A pesquisa tem como problema a ser pensado os limites da atuação da autoridade parental sobre os direitos da personalidade dos mais jovens, tendo como pano de fundo, a atual era digital e algum distanciamento dos pais frente a quase total imersão dos filhos na internet. Para tanto, utilizou-se da pesquisa bibliográfica, com o método dedutivo com intenção de observar os limites e possibilidades da temática. Portanto, o trabalho tem primeiramente uma abordagem atual do modelo de autoridade parental e do atual modelo de família e sua relação com o poder familiar, os direitos da personalidade e por fim os limites e possibilidades da autoridade parental no modelo atual de família democrática e constitucional. Conclui-se que, embora os direitos em questão possam ser afastados, por não serem absolutos, o melhor caminho para a convivência da dicotomia de princípios seja o diálogo e a educação.
Jacob Burckhardt como teórico do Estado: o esmaecimento de uma obra de arte
Authors: De Almeida Philippe Oliveira , Veyl Raul Salvador Blasi
Published: October 2020

O presente trabalho pretende analisar o pensamento político de Jacob Burckhardt, identificando as nuances de suas formulações acerca do Estado. Por meio da revisão de sua bibliografia clássica, bem como de seus comentadores, observaremos o emergir de uma peculiar posição acerca da formação dos Estados modernos pós-revolucionários, a qual, no contra fluxo de seus contemporâneos, mostra uma desconfiança característica com relação ao militarismo e a centralização do poder. Ademais, a sua formação, que mescla história da arte com filosofia política, possibilita a elaboração de uma doutrina estadista que comunga elementos culturais, históricos e políticos. De obra de Arte no paradigma renascentista à artefato tecnológico na aurora de seu tempo, Burckhardt - um homem de contrastes - vai encampar uma das mais interessantes, apesar de pouco exploradas, Teorias do Estado da modernidade oitocentista.
As minirreformas políticas e eleitorais de 2015 e 2017 no contexto democrático da contemporaneidade
Authors: Almeida Igor Martins Coelho
Published: October 2020

A democracia contemporânea não pode ser entendida apenas como a eleição de representantes para um parlamento e que apenas estes discutam e deliberem sobre os rumos de um governo, de um Estado, de uma Nação. A ampliação do conceito de democracia, com fortalecimento da dialética e da promoção de direitos fundamentais vem acompanhada de um processo de crises políticas institucionais em várias democracias modernas. O Brasil viveu mais um ciclo de crise política e democrática nos últimos cinco anos. Para atender reivindicações da sociedade em uma mudança do sistema que refletisse mais o anseio democrático, o Congresso Nacional construiu leis que responderiam a essas demandas. Assim, o objetivo é analisar as recentes minirreformas políticas e eleitorais realizadas no Brasil a partir da teoria política clássica e das teorias democráticas contemporâneas e como elas se encaixam nessas teorias. Como referenciais teóricos, trabalha-se com Jorge Miranda, Georg Jellinek, Niklas Luhmann, Robert Dahl e Paulo Bonavides. Conclui-se que as minirreformas políticas e eleitorais de 2015 e 2017 não foram suficientes para atender a demanda das manifestações de junho de 2013, sem alcançar o valor democrático que se destinava.
Escalas de construção da Justiça: Nancy Fraser à luz de Rainer Forst
Authors: Rodriguez José Rodrigo
Published: October 2020

Este artigo apresenta o ponto de vista da Teoria Crítica sobre a Teoria da Justiça utilizando-se do trabalho de Rainer Forst e de Nancy Fraser. O texto distingue as abordagens alocativas das abordagens construtivas da justiça para situar Teoria Crítica no segundo grupo. A seguir, mostra a compatibilidade desta classificação, formulada por Rainer Forst, com as reflexões de Nancy Fraser sobre as escalas da justiça. A seguir, o artigo responde a uma objeção oriunda das teorias alocativas da justiça, qual seja, aquela relativa ao tratamento dos portadores de necessidades mentais especiais, em uma interlocução com a obra de Martha Nussbaum.
Adversarial nature of the parties in the litigation, related to the assessment of mental health of participants
Authors: Mendelevich Vladimir D.
Published: October 2020

The article analyzes the problem of public distrust in the objectivity of the conclusions of forensic psychiatric examinations. It is stated that this is due to the lack of adversarial nature of the parties in real practice. It is concluded that the introduction of the principle of adversarial nature of the parties between an expert psychiatrist and a specialist psychiatrist can significantly increase the objectivity and reasonability of forensic psychiatric conclusions, reduce public distrust in them and increase the credibility of forensic psychiatry.
Zmiany dotyczące organu wykonawczego w gminie od kadencji 2018–2023
Authors: Sikora Kamil
Published: October 2020

At the turn of November 2018, the next local elections were held in Poland. However, this time, along with the next term, a number of new legal arrangements and structures have been implemented as a result of the adoption of the Act of 11 January 2018 on amending certain laws to increase the participation of citizens in the process of electing, functioning and controlling certain public bodies. The legislature has set itself the objective of adopting solutions to enable and facilitate greater influence for members of local and regional communities, especially in legislative and executive bodies of local government units. Some of these changes affect the executive body in the municipality (local government commune), i.e. village mayor (town mayor or city president), affecting the change in its scope and powers.
Cabri ve GeoGebra Yazılımları Kullanımının, Matematik Öğretmen Adaylarının Geometrik Şekiller Üzerine Akıl Yürütme Becerisine Etkisi
Authors: İLHAN Aziz , ASLANER Recep
Published: October 2020

Bu araştırmadaki amaç, matematik öğretim sürecinde Cabri ve Geogebra Yazılımları kullanımının matematik öğretmen adaylarının Geometrik Şekiller Üzerine Akıl Yürütme Becerilerine (GŞAYB) etkisini araştırmaktır. Bu sebeple araştırmada deneysel araştırma türlerinden tek gruplu ön test-son test yarı deneysel desen tercih edilmiştir. Çalışmanın katılımcılarını, Türkiye’nin Doğu Anadolu bölgesindeki orta büyüklükteki bir üniversitede bulunan eğitim fakültesinde 2016-2017 öğretim yılı güz döneminde matematik öğretmenliği bölümünde öğrenim gören 36 dördüncü sınıf matematik öğretmen adayıdır. Çalışmada veri toplama aracı olarak yazarlar tarafından geliştirilmiş GŞAYB Testi kullanılmıştır. Deney grubuna 14 hafta boyunca Cabri ve Geogebra yazılımları kullanılarak eğitim süreci yürütülmüştür. Sürecin başında ve sonunda GŞAYB Testi ön test-son test olarak uygulanmıştır. Araştırmada betimsel istatistikler incelendikten sonra, ön test ve son test ortalamaları ve cinsiyet değişkenine ilişkin ortalamalar arasındaki farkın anlamlı olup olmadığına bağımlı gruplarda t testi yardımıyla bakılmıştır. Cinsiyet değişkeni açısından ön test veya son test puanlarında anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmaz iken, öğretmen adaylarının ön test-son test GŞAYB puanları arasında anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmuş ve son testin lehine deneysel işlemin başarılı olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Çalışmada elde edilen bulgulara göre bu alanda çalışmak isteyen araştırmacılara GŞAYB kavramına yönelik öneriler sunulmuştur.
Bleomycin-induced pulmonary toxicity in Hodgkin`s lymphoma patients
Authors: Shakhtarina S. V. , Danilenko A. A. , Afanasova N. V. , Falaleeva N. A. , Ivanov S. A. , Kaprin A. D.
Published: October 2020

Bleomycin used as part of many chemo-therapeutic programs for treating Hodgkin lymphoma is associated with pulmonary toxicity. Development of complications after mediastinal radiotherapy is also well-known. However, the synergistic effect of the combination of radiotherapy and bleomycin is considered in the literature much less frequently and mainly when using the total focal doses (SOD) of 36 – 40 Gy. Since 1998 the chemo-radiotherapeutic regimens applied to the treatment of Hodgkin lymphoma in the MRRC (Obninsk) has involved subradical TTD of 20 – 30 Gy. The goal of the study is to evaluate pulmonary toxicity in Hodgkin lymphoma patients treated with chemo-radiotherapy involving ABVD and mediastinal treatment with TTD of 20 – 30 Gy.

Methods. A series of 142 Hodgkin lymphoma patients received ABVD and mediastinal radiotherapy at the TTD 20 – 30 Gy. Conventional film and digital chest X-rays, linear and digital tomograms taken at different stages of treatment and follow up were analysed.

Results. Changes in lungs in the form of a pathologic pulmonary pattern (interstitial pneumonitis) were seen in 39 (27.5%) of 142 patients. In 10 (25.6%) of 39 patients focal or confluent pneumonitis infiltration were found, that was 7% of the whole study group. Clinical evidence of bleomycin-induced pneumonitis was found in 6 (15.4%) of 39 patients. With follow-up terms up to 60 months fibrotic changes in lungs were absent. The occurrence of radiation pneumonitis was 17.6%, radiation fibrosis – 35.9%. Fibrotic changes were mainly grade 1 (94.1%). In HL patients with bleomycin-induced pneumonitis the occurrence of radiation pneumonitis was 43.6% (17 of 39 patients), radiation fibrosis – 58.9% (23 of 39 patients) while the corresponding figures for patients who did not have bleomycin-induced pneumonitis were 8.7% (9 of 103 patients) and 27.2% (28 of 103 patients), respectively (p < 0.001).

Conclusion. A statistically significant increase in occurrence of radiation pneumonitis and radiation fibrosis was defined in HL patients who suffered bleomycin-induced pneumonitis.
“Portrait” of patients with idiopathic pulmonary hypertension and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension depending on comorbid status: current and prognosis features
Authors: Taran I. N. , Belevskaya A. A. , Valieva Z. S. , Saidova M. A. , Martynyuk T. V.
Published: October 2020

Changing the "portrait" of patients with idiopathic pulmonary hypertension (IPH) and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTPH) over the past decade suggests the need to develop models of phenotypes in patients with this cohort.

The purpose of the study was to estimate the nature of the disease course and prognosis of patients with IPH and inoperable CTPH based on the formation of phenotypic groups depending on the comorbid status.

Materials and Methods. Patients with IPH (n = 88) and inoperable CTPH (n = 38) aged 38.5 [28.5; 51] and 53.5 [41; 58] years respectively were enrolled in the study. 6-minute step test (6-MST) and spiroveloergometry, transthoracic echocardiography (EchoCG), catheterization of the right side of the heart was performed at the moment of diagnosis verification and in 13 [12; 20] months. All patients were divided into 5 groups according to comorbid status: Group 1 (n = 29) – patients with IPH/CTPH without comorbid pathology; Group 2 (n = 23) with body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2 ; Group 3 (n = 27) – with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 and dyslipidemia; Group 4 (n = 30) with hypertension, BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 and dyslipidemia; Group 5 (n = 17) with the listed comorbid pathologies and carbohydrate metabolic disorders.

Results. Initially more severe functional status was observed in patients of the 4th and 5th groups as compared to those in the 1st and 3rd groups. According to the data of the 3-dimensional EchoCG, in patients of the 4th and 5th groups a reliably more expressed increase in the volume of the right ventricle was revealed in comparison with such values in the 1st and 3rd groups. In IPH groups 1 and 3, the positive results of the vasoreactivity test (34.5% and 48.2%) were significantly more frequent in comparison with groups 4 (6.7%) and 5 (5.9%). The period from the diagnosis verification to adding the 2nd specific drug was significantly shorter in patients with IPH/CTPH of the 5th group compared to patients of the 3rd group. a high risk of lethal outcome after 13 [12; 30] months of treatment was significantly less frequently observed with IPH in Groups 1 and 3 as compared to Group 5.

Conclusion. The combination of BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2, dyslipidemia, hypertension, as well as the additional presence of carbohydrate metabolism disorders is associated with a less favorable course of the disease in patients with IPH and inoperable CTPH.
Biomarkers of airways inflammation in patients with severe asthma in a real clinical practice
Authors: Sergeeva G. R. , Emel'yanov A. V. , Leshenkova E. V. , Znakhurenko A. A.
Published: October 2020

Severe asthma is a heterogeneous disease consisting of several endotypes and phenotypes diagnosed due to different biomarkers. Frequency of different endotypes and phenotypes in real clinical practice needs further investigation.

The aim of this study was to assess biomarkers of T2-inflammation in patients with severe asthma in a single secondary care center.

Methods. We examined 96 adult outpatients (34% male) with severe asthma. Data collected included demographics, smoking history, asthma exacerbations during previous 12 months, medication use, comorbidities. Lung function tests were assessed by using the Spirograph 2120 (Vitalograph, Great Britain). Blood eosinophils (Eos) were measured by automatic haemoanalyser. Atopic status was determined by positive skin prick-test (> 3 mm) and/or serum specific IgE to common inhalant allergens. Serum total IgE levels were assessed by immunofluorescence assay. FeNO was measured by a chemiluminescence analyzer (Model LR4000; Logan Research, Rochester, UK). Presence of allergy, need for regular oral steroid use, blood Eos ≥ 150 cell/μl and FeNO ≥ 20 ppb were considered as markers of T2-driven inflammation. Asthma control and quality of life were assessed by using Russian versions of ACQ-5 and St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ). Statistical analyses were performed with Statistica Ver. 10.0 (StatSoft, Inc., USA).

Results. The majority of patients with severe asthma (93%) have at least one or more elevated markers (presence of allergy, need for regular oral steroid use, Eos ≥ 150 cell/μl or FeNO ≥ 20 ppb) of T2-inflammation. Biomarkers levels did not differ in non-steroid-dependent and steroid-dependent patients. The most frequent markers were allergy and blood Eos ≥ 150 cell/μl. Two or more elevated biomarkers were revealed in 72% of patients.

Conclusion. The majority of patients with severe asthma in real clinical practice have signs of T2-inflammation. It seems that many severe asthmatics have indications for prescription of biological and can be treated by more than one of monoclonal antibodies against major cytokines of T2-inflammation.
The new prospects of the inhalation therapy for bronchial asthma
Authors: Avdeev S. N. , Aisanov Z. R.
Published: October 2020

Based on the latest new international literature data, the article considers the possibilities of fixed combinations of long-acting β2-agonist, long-acting muscarinic antagonist and inhaled corticosteroids in achieving the control of bronchial asthma (BA). Clinical advantages for a fixed combination of indacaterol, glycopyrronium and mometasone furoate one dosing regimen in the therapy of BA are presented based on the results of recently completed randomized clinical trials IRIDIUM and ARGON.
An environmental imperative in the development of the national economy: increasing the potential of microalgae
Authors: Melikhov V. V. , Medvedeva L. N. , Frolova M. V.
Published: October 2020

Aim. To study the methodological basis for increasing the potential of applications of microalgae in the national economy, as one of the environmental imperatives in the development of new natural resources for future generations.

Materials and Methods. The research was conducted on the basis of content analysis of Russian and foreign scientific publications and materials obtained in the course of expeditions and experimental and sociological research. The clustercognitive approach and economic-mathematical modeling were used for a more complete exposition of the topic.

Discussion. According to imperatives of the green economy, environmental technologies will become leading factors in the development of the world economy. The most important incentive for entrepreneurs in the environmental market will be growing the demand of consumers and of governments. Promising areas include the use of microalgae in the production of foods beneficial to human health, feed additives in animal husbandry, poultry farming and fish farming, substances for improving water quality in reservoirs and the clean-up of oil spills. The issue of increasing the potential of microalgae at the regional level on the basis of a cognitive cluster approach is most relevant. The procurement of live microalgae biomass in amounts necessary to thoroughly supply world and national markets remains challenging in both technological and technical terms. Economic and mathematical models and sociological research, as well as the opinions of experts, allow us to justify business decisions in opening microalgae production facilities. Microalgae Chlorella vulgaris and Spirulina platensis present promising prospects for entrepreneurial investment due to the high value of their metabolites.

Conclusion. The increase in production and applications of microalgae is of major strategic potential in the development of the national economy, as the manufacture of bio-products and immune-stimulating drugs increases every year in response to climate change, pandemics, environmental pollution, food shortages and difficulties in accessing clean water. It is necessary to adopt legislative and regulatory instruments and organizational measures aimed at stimulating the investment of funding entities and entrepreneurs in the production of microalgae products in various sectors of the economy. International collaborations, industrial enterprises and space agencies (e.g. Roscosmos and NASA) are actively conducting research into the use of microalgae for the processing of organic waste in human living facilities in space as a source of both oxygen and food. The issue of creating clusters and applying mechanisms of public-private partnership aimed at increasing the profitability of bio-product manufacture from microalgae in various industries and sectors of the economy at the macro-and meso-level remains relevant.
Limits for Coregonus migratorius (Georgi, 1775) catches and likely ecological effects
Authors: Anoshko P. N. , Makarov M. M. , Zorkaltsev V. I. , Denikina N. N. , Dzyuba E. V.
Published: October 2020

Aim. This study aims to discuss the validity of introducing restrictions on the catch of Coregonus migratorius (Georgi, 1775) with a forecast of the likely environmental consequences of doing so.

Discussion. We show the results of the analysis of the assessment of the state of C. migratorius stocks and the reasons for their decline. We indicate that the biostatistical and hydroacoustical methods for estimating fish numbers, which are traditionally used to substantiate allowable catches, have some disadvantages and limitations. We consider unrecorded catches and unfavourable natural and climatic environmental factors to be reasons for the decline in C. migratorius stocks. We discuss ecological and anthropogenic factors of changes in stocks of this commercially important species for the region. We show the anticipated ecological effects of currently established limits.

Conclusion. The results of changes in the modelling of the number and age composition of fish with different protection strategies indicate that maintaining a low level of replenishment stock the limits would not increase commercial stocks of C. migratorius. Restrictions imposed on the commercial and amateur fishing would significantly increase environmental risks through increase of poaching (including during the spawning period) as well as as a consequence of amateur fishing of other commercially valuable fish species.
Estimation of natural reproduction efficiency of semi-anadromous and river fish species in inland water bodies of the Republic of Dagestan, Russia
Authors: Abdusamadov A. S. , Akhmaev E. A. , Latunov A. A. , Abdusamadov T. A. , Butaeva A. K. , Guseinova S. A.
Published: October 2020

Aim. Estimation of the natural reproduction efficiency and patterns of formation of fish stocks.

Material and Methods. Collection of material was carried out in 2010-2019 in inland water bodies in Dagestan and its shallow Caspian Sea coastal zone. Estimation of the number of juveniles in rivers and canals was carried out using ichthyoplankton cone seines. Fry seines were used to count juveniles of fish in water bodies and in the coastal area. 470 samples of juveniles were collected and 5640 juveniles were analysed. The collection and processing of materials were carried out according to generally accepted methods.

Results. The main environmental factors determining the productivity of fish juveniles in the study area in the long-term have been identified. During the observation period, juvenile fish of 15 species were recorded in spawning grounds of inland water bodies. Roach, bream, carp, crucian carp, rudd and vimba bream dominate. In terms of numbers, roach juveniles predominate: their relative proportion being 31.02% with an increase from 27.1% in 2010 to 35.4% in 2018.The second place was occupied by bream juveniles, whose average relative proportion was 12.1%. The third place was occupied by carp juveniles with an average proportion of 9%. Juvenile zander, catfish, pike and kutum are relatively low in abundance from 2 to 4%. The yield of juvenile fish in 2010-2019 decreased 1.7 times compared to 1990-1995.

Conclusion. It was established that a decrease in the number of juvenile fishes occurs under the influence of unfavorable environmental factors: decrease in sea level; reduction in spawning areas; the shallowing and silting of migration routes due to the lack of a stable water supply. Measures are proposed to improve the living conditions of aquatic biological resources, aimed at increasing the efficiency of their natural reproduction.
Catalogue of bat viruses (2020)
Authors: Shchelkanov M. Yu. , Dunaeva M. N. , Moskvina T. V. , Voronova A. N. , Kononova Yu. V. , Vorobyeva V. V. , Galkina I. V. , Yanovich V. A. , Gadzhiev A. A. , Shestopalov A. M.
Published: October 2020

Aim. Aim of this the research presented in this article is to analyze the representation of bat (Chiroptera) viruses in various taxa of the Virae kingdom.

Discussion. Currently, 260 viruses are associated with bats belonging to 19 orders, 28 families (9 DNA‐containing and 19 RNA‐containing) and 61 genera (18 DNA‐containing and 43 RNA‐containing). This number includes viruses annotated by the International Committee on the Taxonomy of Viruses (excluding synonymous species) for which the taxonomic status has been verified by sequencing subgenomic or full‐genomic nucleotide sequences. A large number of unidentified strains from bats are noteworthy – they apparently contain many future prototype viruses for new taxa.

Conclusion. The data presented in this article will undoubtedly be expanded in the nearest future. This is due to the need to improve the system for prevention of dangerous epidemic and pandemic situations primarily by increasing priority attention on bat viruses. Therefore, the catalogue of bat viruses, known as of mid‐2020, presented in this paper could be considered as a kind of "starting point" for future research in this area.
Assessment of bioclimatic comfort of the Krasnodar Territory, Russia through the application of GIS‐technologies
Authors: Kuzyakina M. V. , Gura D. A.
Published: October 2020

Aim. To determine the most and least comfortable zones of the Krasnodar Territory by month.

Material and Methods. The bioclimatic indices studied take into account the combined influences of temperature, wind speed, relative humidity, atmospheric pressure and solar radiation in various combinations. A geoinformation analysis of the following bioclimatic indices was carried out: effective temperature, equivalent-effective temperature, bioclimatically active temperature, radiation equivalent-effective temperature, and a complex indicator of the level of pathogenic effects of weather in the Krasnodar Territory. The weather pathogenicity index is the only index in the article that takes into account atmospheric pressure. The study also added an assessment of the severity of winter. The following indices of “cold stress” were calculated and mapped: integrated cooling index (frostbite), Bodman climate severity index, Siple-Passel cooling index and wind-cold index.

Results. The Krasnodar Territory was divided into 4 comfort zones: Azov-Black Sea, Black Sea, South-Eastern Foothills and Continental.

Conclusions. Comfortable months have been established for living in the Krasnodar Territory as a whole, and areas of the Krasnodar Territory favourable for life at any time of the year. The severity of winter in the Krasnodar Territory as shown by the analysis is closely correlated with wind strength.
Current level of oil hydrocarbons in Russian coastal waters of the Black Sea and and Azov Sea
Authors: Mironov O. A. , Mironov O. G.
Published: October 2020

Aim. Currently, oil pollution remains one of the primary pollutants of the marine environment. This is especially true for the Black Sea and Azov Sea which experience significant anthropogenic pressure. The study presents the results of two-year monitoring studies of the content of oil hydrocarbons in the surface and bottom horizons of the coastal waters of the Azov-Black Sea regions of Russia.

Materials and Methods. The determination of oil hydrocarbons was conducted by infrared spectrometry using a FSM-1201 Fourier spectrophotometer with preliminary transmission of the extracts through a chromatographic column with aluminum oxide. The work was carried out as part of five scientific expeditions (93th, 96th, 100th, 102nd and 105th) of the research vessel, Professor Vodyanitsky, in 2017 and 2018.

Results. The general environmental status for this pollutant is characterized as stable, despite in some cases being 3 to 4 times in excess of established standards (MPC). Separate foci of localized oil pollution have been identified and vulnerable areas of the sea coast of southern Russia have been identified. An excess content of petroleum hydrocarbons in the surface layer compared to the bottom layer was noted, which indicates a surface path of entry of petroleum products into sea water.

Conclusion. Currently, the coastal waters of the western part of Crimea are most affected by oil, primarily associated with the runoff of European rivers and the peculiarities of the marine hydrological regime, including the Kerch Strait, an area of heavy shipping traffic. The Caucasian coast is less affected by oil pollution than the Crimean. Despite the fact that currently the content of oil hydrocarbons in sea water is far from the quantities dangerous to humans and aquatic organisms, monitoring of this indicator is vital due to the increasing anthropogenic pressure on the recreational zones of the Crimean and Caucasian coasts of the Russian Federation.
Studying and mapping the landscapes of the Sareptsky peninsula in Lower Volga, Russia
Authors: Kosheleva O. Yu. , Shinkarenko S. S. , Solodovnikov D. A. , Omarov R. S.
Published: October 2020

Aim. Islands and peninsulas in the Volga are of great environmental and recreational importance for the Volgograd agglomeration. Identifying the current state of geocomplexes in the Sareptsky peninsula allow us to assess the developmental trends of the floodplain ecosystems in the Lower Volga, which are under intense economic pressures.

Material and Methods. The mapping was done by decoding Sentinel-2 satellite imagery and drawing landscape contours using the QGIS program. Field work was carried out in June 2019. Seven test plots were laid out. Inventory of forest plantations was undertaken with distribution of trees according to condition and a geobotanical description of the grass stand was done.

Results. The Sareptsky peninsula was revealed to be an island by origin that was artificially attached to the native coast. The landscape structure of the peninsula includes 6 natural-anthropogenic complexes, of which the largest area (62.9%) is occupied by natural floodplain forest and cultivated forest. 13.9% is occupied by water meadows of the central floodplain, 8.0% by aquatic complexes of inland water bodies, 7.3% by anthropogenically transformed areas (settlements and industrial lands, roads and hydraulic structures), 5.1% by open areas of fresh-water floodplain and 2.8% by beach shoals of the river channel floodplain. The signs were revealed of a negative effect on the Volga through the regulation of its flow from desiccation of poplars and meagre species composition of meadow vegetation. It was established that the territory of the peninsula is exposed to a small extent by recreational activities.

Conclusion. Landscape-ecological studies made in the Sareptsky peninsula allowed the assessment of the current state of forest and meadow ecosystems, the identification of the principal factors involved in the deterioration of their ecological status and the articulation of a better way to optimize nature management.
ERROS NO PREPARO E NA ADMINISTRAÇÃO DE MEDICAMENTOS INTRAVENOSOS
Authors: Reis Ubiane Oiticica Porto , Passos Silvia Da Silva Santos , Santos Luciano Marques , Reis Marcelo Silva , Berhends Jamille Sampaio , Meira Carolina Madeiro
Published: October 2020

Objetivo: identificar os erros no preparo e na administração de medicamentos intravenosos. Método: estudo observacional e descritivo. Foram observadas 694 doses de medicamentos intravenosos realizadas pelos profissionais de enfermagem em pacientes adultos nas unidades de Emergência, Internamento e Unidade de Terapia Intensiva de um hospital de pequeno porte do recôncavo da Bahia, Brasil. Os dados foram coletados em março e abril de 2019, por meio da observação não participante, tendo como instrumentos dois roteiros de observação. As variáveis descritivas foram analisadas por meio da distribuição de frequência absoluta e relativa. Resultados: destacou-se a ocorrência de 60% de erros de técnica do preparo e 75% de erros de técnica de administração dos medicamentos intravenosos. Conclusão: tanto no preparo quanto na administração dos medicamentos intravenosos, foram identificados erros de técnica e de horário, apontando a necessidade de implementação de estratégias voltadas para a segurança do paciente.

Descritores: Erros de Medicação. Administração Intravenosa. Equipe de Enfermagem.
Food Security in Disasters by Using Food Packaging
Authors: Sadeghizadeh Yazdi Jalal
Published: October 2020

The article's abstract is not available.
Human resources and patient rights during COVID-19 pandemic in Iran
Authors: Adeli Seyedhassan , Heidari Morteza , Heidari Akram
Published: October 2020

The article's abstract is not available.
Clinical commitment and competence: a qualitative study
Authors: Zamanian Jahromi Somaye , Shafaroodi Narges , Lajevardi Laleh
Published: October 2020

Commitment, a component of clinical competence, includes accountability and responsibility for professional roles and tasks; and, it has a positive correlation with job satisfaction and performance. This study aimed to elaborate on the concept of commitment in the field of occupational therapy using qualitative content analysis. The data was collected through interviewing 13 occupational therapists both in a focus group interview (including four participants) and in one-to-one interviews (nine other participants). The collected data was analyzed based on the Grenheim method, and commitment concept was defined under three main themes: (i) commitment to patient (five subthemes), (ii) commitment to self (three subthemes), and (iii) commitment to profession (three subthemes). This study’s findings indicated that to acquire clinical competence, therapists should be committed to their patients, to themselves, and to their profession. Future research is needed to further examine how and to what extent these commitment themes affect clinical competence as well as the interaction among them.
Manejo e conservação de quelônios na Amazônia brasileira
Authors: Fonseca Raphael Alves , De Melo Sérgio , Miorando Priscila Saikoski , Pezzuti Juarez Carlos Brito
Published: October 2020

Neste artigo, dissertamos sobre a relação dos povos tradicionais e a gestão de fauna silvestre na Amazônia Brasileira, como os marcos legais que regem o tema são subutilizados e quais são as perspectivas para o futuro do manejo e conservação dessas espécies. Abordamos também como ocorre a marginalização dos povos tradicionais quanto ao uso dos recursos naturais faunísticos, com enfoque nos quelônios aquáticos amazônicos, e como o Poder Público pode agir no sentido de garantir tais direitos. Concluímos que o consumo de quelônios amazônicos é uma realidade e um direito das populações rurais tradicionais, e que sua criminalização isoladamente não tem efeito expressivo na redução da pressão de captura praticada em boa parte da Amazônia. Pelo contrário, a ilegalidade torna mais difícil o monitoramento e o manejo, que poderiam e deveriam ser regulados por mecanismos administrativos, capazes de contemplar a realidade local ao mesmo tempo em que promove a conservação por meio do uso sustentável e do manejo de escala comunitária.Palavras-chave: Gestão da fauna silvestre. Legislação ambiental. Populações tradicionais.
APPLICATION OF THE ACTIVE BRAZING METHOD FOR CONNECTING FIBER MATERIALS WITH CERAMIC MATERIALS (rеview)
Authors:   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Krasnov E.I. , Kurbatkina E.I. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Shavnev A.A. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Serpova V.M. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Zhabin A.N. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials»
Published: October 2020

Рresents a review of the application of the active brazing method for joining fibrous compo-site materials based on titanium alloy with ceramics based on aluminum oxide and zirconium dioxide. The basic problem arising from the combination of metals and ceramics, examples of solving problems compounds represented by the relationship of the microstructure of the connection zone with mechanical properties and shows the effect of additives Ti, B and W on microstructure and mechanical properties. Conclusions are made about the possibility of obtaining high-quality and durable compounds and factors affecting them.
ANISOTROPY OF LOW CYCLE FATIGUE CHARACTERISTICS OF SINGLE-CRYSTAL HEAT-RESISTANT NICKEL ALLOYS
Authors:   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Hodinev I.A. , Monin S.A. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials»
Published: October 2020

The low cycle fatigue of heat-resistant nickel alloys with a single crystal structure VZHM7 and VIN3 was studied. The tests were carried out under conditions of monitoring the complete deformation in the cycle, loading of the type «tension-compression» occurred according to a sinusoidal law with a frequency of 0,5 Hz. For both alloys, tests were carried out for three crystallographic orientations ([001], [011], [111]) at two temperatures: 500 and 850 °C. Regression lines were constructed, the limits of limited endurance were found on the basis of 104 cycles. The influence of test temperature and crystallographic orientation on the endurance limit of alloys and RMS is analyzed.
Diagnosis of tonsil hypertrophy
Authors:   National Medical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngology  of the Federal Medico-Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, 123182, Russia, Daikhes N. A. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, 117997, Russia, Kryukov A. I. ,   Sverzhevsky Research Clinical Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Moscow, 117152, Russia, Kim I. A. ,   National Medical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngology  of the Federal Medico-Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, 123182, Russia,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, 117997, Russia, Trukhin D. V. ,   National Medical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngology  of the Federal Medico-Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, 123182, Russia,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, 117997, Russia, Nosulya E. V. ,   Sverzhevsky Research Clinical Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Moscow, 117152, Russia, Kunel’skaya N. L. ,   Sverzhevsky Research Clinical Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Moscow, 117152, Russia,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, 117997, Russia, Karneeva O. V. ,   National Medical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngology  of the Federal Medico-Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, 123182, Russia,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, 117997, Russia, Rychkova I. V. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, 117997, Russia, Orekhova A. M. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, 117997, Russia
Published: October 2020

Diagnosis of hypertrophy of the tonsils is traditionally based on data from mesopharyngoscopy. However, there are conflicting views on the possibility of determining the degree of hypertrophy of the tonsils during a routine examination of the pharynx. To date, several methods have been proposed for the diagnosis of tonsil hypertrophy, which have several disadvantages: the complexity of the studies, poor reproducibility in clinical practice, the need to have non-serial equipment, the effect on the testing results of other pathological conditions (laryngopharyngeal reflux, post-nasal drip syndrome, etc.) and anatomical features of the oropharynx. The purpose of the study is to develop an effective method for the diagnosis of tonsil hypertrophy based on the results of transcervical ultrasound examination of the tonsils. Patients and methods. 132 patients with chronic tonsillitis were examined. To diagnose hypertrophy of the tonsils, ultrasound imaging of the tonsils was used, determining the transverse size of the tonsils and the degree of its vascularization. Results. In tonsils with a transverse diameter of 16–20 and 21–30 mm or more, an increase in blood flow is observed, in contrast to tonsils with a transverse smaller, up to 15 mm, diameter. At the same time, the threshold value of hypertrophy of the tonsils is increased vascularization (peri-, intratonsillar and mixed type) of tonsils with a transverse diameter of 21 mm or more.