bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of the theological traditions of Muslims in the Volga region and the Urals in the 18th – early 20th centuries
Authors: Fatkhullin R. A.
Published: January 2024

Тhe relevance of the study is connected with the study of the development of the theological traditions of Muslims in the Volga and Urals regions in the 18th – early 20th centuries, which was characterized by softening of religious and national policies. This made it possible to shift the focus of theological research on solving intra-community issues, overcoming the backwardness of the Muslim population from the heterodox environment and reviving national and cultural traditions. The main tools were ijtihad (the right to independently turn to the primary sources of Islam) and its dichotomy known as taqlid as well as the fight against a condemned religious innovation known as heresy (bid‘a). Ijtihad and taqlid must be considered as two fairly flexible tools for solving modern issues, since each of them appeals to Islamic primary sources (to the Quran and Sunnah), while taqlid supposes the understanding of religious authority.
Problems of Islamic doctrine in the works of R. Fakhreddin (Ridha’ al-Din ibn Fakhr al-Din)
Authors: Karibullin A. A. , Mukhametshin R. M.
Published: January 2024

This paper provides a comparative analysis of the theological views of the prominent scientist, theologian and religious figure Rizaeddin Fakhreddin (1859–1936) on Islamic doctrine, which are set out in his main theological works. The relevance of this study is due to the lack of knowledge of the scientist’s theological heritage and its analysis from the theological side. The research briefly covers the main sources on the Islamic faith, which were distributed at that time among the Muslim peoples of the Volga region. In particular, the work investigates the statements and comments of R. Fakhreddin on the definition of Islamic doctrine and creed. The authors also display his attitude to the problem of declaring a person as an infidel (who left Islam).
Deep learning with simulated laser scanning data for 3D point cloud classification
Authors: Esmorís Pena Alberto , Weiser Hannah , Winiwarter Lukas , Cabaleiro Domínguez José , Höfle Bernhard
Published: January 2024

Laser scanning is an active remote sensing technique applied in many disciplines to acquire state-of-the-art spatial measurements. Semantic labeling is often necessary to extract information from the raw point cloud. Deep learning methods constitute a data-hungry solution for the semantic segmentation of point clouds. In this work, we investigate the use of simulated laser scanning for training deep learning models, which are applied to real data subsequently. We show that training a deep learning model purely on virtual laser scanning data can produce results comparable to models trained on real data when evaluated on real data. For leaf-wood segmentation of trees, using the KPConv model trained with virtual data achieves 93.7% overall accuracy, while the model trained on real data reaches 94.7% overall accuracy. In urban contexts, a KPConv model trained on virtual data achieves 74.1% overall accuracy on real validation data, while the model trained on real data achieves 82.4%. Our models outperform the state-of-the-art model FSCT in terms of generalization to unseen real data as well as a baseline model trained on points randomly sampled from the tree mesh surface. From our results, we conclude that the combination of laser scanning simulation and deep learning is a cost-effective alternative to real data acquisition and manual labeling in the domain of geospatial point cloud analysis. The strengths of this approach are that a) a large amount of diverse laser scanning training data can be generated quickly and without the need for expensive equipment, b) the simulation configurations can be adapted so that the virtual training data have similar characteristics to the targeted real data, and c) the whole workflow can be automated through procedural scene generation.
Consciousness under the spotlight: the problem of measuring subjective experience
Authors: Jimenez Mikel , Prieto Antonio , Hinojosa José Antonio , Montoro Pedro R.
Published: January 2024

The study of consciousness is considered by many one of the most difficult contemporary scientific endeavours and confronts several methodological and theoretical challenges. A central issue that makes the study of consciousness so challenging is that, while the rest of science is concerned with problems that can be verified from a "third person" view (i.e., objectively), the study of consciousness deals with the phenomenon of subjective experience, only accessible from a “first person” view. In the present article, we review early (starting during the late 19th century) and later efforts on measuring consciousness and its absence, focusing on the two main approaches used by researchers within the field: objective (i.e., performance based) and subjective (i.e., report based) measures of awareness. In addition, we compare the advantages and disadvantages of both types of awareness measures, we evaluate them according to different methodological considerations and discuss, among other issues, the possibility of comparing them by transforming to a common sensitivity measure (d’). Finally, we explore several new approaches –such as Bayesian models to support the absence of awareness or new machine-learning based decoding models –, as well as future challenges – such as measuring the qualia, the qualitative contents of awareness – in consciousness research.
Validity, Reliability and Fairness Evidence for the JD-Next Exam
Authors: Holtzman Steven , Steinberg Jonathan , Weeks Jonathan , Robertson Christopher , Findley Jessica , Klieger David
Published: January 2024

At a time when institutions of higher education are exploring alternatives to traditional admissionstesting, institutions are also seeking to better support students and prepare them for academicsuccess. Under such an engaged model, one may seek to measure not just the accumulatedknowledge and skills that students would bring to a new academic program, but also their ability togrow and learn through the academic program. To help prepare students for law school before theymatriculate, the JD-Next is a fully-online, non-credit, 7-10 week course to train potential juris doctor(JD) students in case reading and analysis skills. This study builds upon the work presented forprevious JD-Next cohorts by introducing new scoring and reliability estimation methodologies basedon a recent redesign of the assessment for the 2021 cohort, as well as presenting updated validity andfairness findings, using first-year grades, rather than merely first-semester grades as in prior cohorts.Results support the claim that the JD-Next exam is reliable and valid for predicting law schoolsuccess, providing a statistically significant increase in predictive power over baseline modelsincluding entrance exam scores and grade-point average. In terms of fairness across racial and ethnicgroups, smaller score disparities are found with JD-Next than with traditional admissionsassessments, and the assessment is shown to be equally predictive for students from underrepresentedminority groups and first-generation students. These findings, in conjunction with those fromprevious research, support the use of the JD-Next exam for both preparation and admissions offuture law school students.
To Assess the Knowledge and Determinants Associated with Blood Donor at National Medical College & Teaching Hospital, Birgunj
Authors: Yadav Binod Kumar , Chaudhary Khusboo , Patel Amit Kumar , Bhagat Phulgen , Das Rajesh Kumar , Shrestha Brijesh , Rauniyar Ayush , Gupta Ankesh Kumar , Chaurasiya Anand
Published: January 2024

Introduction: In clinical practice, the two most crucial systems of blood grouping are ABO and Rh. There exist four primary blood types, namely A, B, AB and O. World Health Organization advocates for the compulsory screening of all blood donations prior to usage, with HIV, hepatitis B and C, as well as syphilis being mandatory. The aim of the study is to assess the knowledge and determinants associated with blood donors at National Medical College & Teaching Hospital, Birgunj.Materials and Methods: Proposal was reviewed by the Institutional Review Committee of National Medical College and approved on 9th July 2023. (Ref. F-NMC/662/079-080). A descriptive cross-sectional study was done in the blood donation programs organized in the premises of National Medical College. Sampling method used was census.Results: Of the total particiants, 41.3 % were overweight followed by 39.1 % who showed the normal weight and 7.6 % of the people were found to be underweight. The upper middle-class group accounted for 71.7 % of the total respondents, knowledge about how frequently a person can donate the blood were in 38(41.31%), the volume of blood collected in one pint at the time of donation was 33(35.86%), time taken nearly 5-8 minutes were 64 (69.56%). Among the donors 17(18.47%) had donated for first time in their life similarly for second time and more than three times were 38(41.31%), 38(41.31%), 26(28.26%) and 11(11.95%), respectively.Conclusion: The overall level of knowledge was satisfactory. Male participants had more practice regarding blood donation rather than females. Community shall be benefited by similar set up as made by health workers, blood bank and hospital.
Premature Menopause and its Association with Dyslipidemia
Authors: Gupta Sunita Kumari , Kumar Pratap , Gupta Suprita , Sah Sanjay Kumar , Marasini Surendra
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Premature Menopause is defined as premature ovarian failure before the age of 40 years with a consecutive 12 months of amenorrhea. Menopause affects 1% of women under the age of 40 years.  It is seen in 10‑28% of primary amenorrhea and 4‑18% of secondary amenorrhea. Estrogen deficiency occurring during premature menopause causes decrease in HDL level and increase in LDL, cholesterol and triglycerides levels thus causing dyslipidemia. Regardless of cause, women who experience estrogen deficiency at an early age before the natural menopause are now considered to be at increased risk for premature morbidity and mortality. The current study is aimed to find out the impact of premature menopause on the blood lipid level in the current population.
Materials and Methods: Ninety-six cases of premature menopause women were enrolled retrospectively for the study. Complete Lipid profile – Serum Total Cholesterol, Serum Triglyceride, Serum HDL, were measured in fully automated biochemistry analyzer and Serum VLDL and Serum LDL were estimated by Friedewald's Formula.
Results: The current study revealed the lipid profile status of premenopausal women. The prevalence of dyslipidemia was observed in 57 cases (59.4%) and remaining 39 cases (40.6%) were having normal lipid levels. On comparing the serum lipid levels statistical significance were observed in Total cholesterol (P value: 0.00), Triglyceride (P value: 0.00), LDL-C (P value: 0.00), and VLDL-C (P value: 0.00). However, no statistically significant difference was observed in HDL cholesterol (P value: 0.15).
Conclusions: Serum Lipid levels is deranged in the women with premature menopause (Age < 40 years) and thus dyslipidemia, particularly noticed with the Total cholesterol and triglyceride levels. The path-physiology lying behind dyslipidemia can be correlated to the premature ovarian failure and estrogen deficiency.
The Waltz: Theatre of The Real, Grief, and Immigrant Narrative
Authors: Reyes Jeanette Rose
Published: January 2024

This reflection examines the Filipino-based play The Waltz, performed at Factory Theatre (Toronto, Ontario) in the fall season of 2022. The Waltz, like many other local plays, exemplifies the Canadian immigrant narrative, navigating between ethnic origins and newfound spaces. In this performance, Theatre of the Real, as proposed by Carol Martin, is evident when the connection with audience members and hidden grief due to immigration statuses is exemplified. Productions of ethnic local theatre shows in Canada told from an immigrant narrative perspective validate feelings of otherness in Canadian citizens, which is a component of understanding one’s own identity.
ORGANIZATION OF SPORTS EVENTS IN MODERN CONDITIONS
Authors: Bondar A. , Petrenko I. , Dongdong Chen
Published: January 2024

The aim of the article is to study the features of the organization of sports events under martial law. It is established that the main risks on the way to the effective organization and conduct of sports events under martial law are the escalation of hostilities in the region, the decrease in the popularity of the sport, the convenience of the infrastructure of the sports facility, and the popularity of athletes participating in competitions. The strengths of sports event organizers are: a positive image; accessibility of sporting events; success of image projects; mass events and involvement of the general public; Effective marketing activities. The weaknesses of the organizers of sports events are: location in the war zone; prohibition of international competitions; deficit of budget financing of sports events; destruction of sports facilities intended for sports events. The main ways to overcome the crisis phenomena associated with the war and its consequences for the organizers of sports events are: ensuring safety and comfort during events, increasing the number of participants in sports events, strengthening international ties with physical culture and sports organizations, improving marketing and scientific activities, cooperation with public organizations of physical culture and sports.
DEVELOPING ORIENTEERING IN UKRAINE DURING STATE OF WAR, INDOOR ORIENTEERING
Authors: Parkhomenko Vyacheslav , Berezovskyi Vasyl , Parkhomenko Oleksandra
Published: January 2024

The article analyzes the possibility of training and orienteering competitions during state of war in Ukraine. Today, Ukraine is the most mined country in the world, any territory in Ukraine is bombarded and shelled by missiles and drones every day. Therefore, the population is prohibited from entering the territories where hostilities took place, forest areas around cities. In such conditions, it is safe to hold orienteering training and competitions indoors. The authors give examples of such competitions’ organization. Indoor orienteering competitions have been held in Ukraine also before war - to hold safe orienteering competitions for children and adults, especially in cold winter weather. Now the advantages of such competitions are not visible from the air crowd of people, which can be a target for enemy fire and that competitions are held in buildings with bomb shelters that can be used during an air raid alarm.
Training of specialists in physical rehabilitation in the context of digitalization of higher education
Authors: Bocharov A.V. , Slukhenska R.V. , Ivanushko Ya.H.
Published: January 2024

The scientific research highlights the peculiarities of using digital potential in the programs of teaching physical rehabilitation in higher education. It is noted that due to the ongoing military operations in Ukraine, the need for rehabilitation specialists will only grow, therefore the educational system should intensify the training of specialists in the required field of knowledge. It is possible to achieve the required level of training of physical rehabilitation specialists under the condition of operational and integration of innovative training programs that are focused on the active use of digital potential. Rehabilitation is interpreted as a complex process that requires the use of synergistic approaches that form appropriate theoretical and methodological guidelines in educational strategies. The physical rehabilitation cluster combines human-dimensional and technological-organizational components. Digital skills for physical rehabilitation specialists are already established in the competency paradigm of these educational specialties. It is noted that the status of digital skills in educational training in physical rehabilitation is gradually transforming, moving from the soft-skills segment to the fundamental characteristics of professional competencies.
Specifics of perception and assessment of motor experience in the pedagogy of motor activity and physical effort
Authors: Vrzhesnevskyi Ivan , Rakitina Tatiana , Orlenko Natalia , Yanishevskyi Yuriy
Published: January 2024

In the pedagogical tradition of physical education, such an important factor as "personal movement experience" is not sufficiently represented. Neglecting the specified influencing factor significantly reduces the effectiveness of the pedagogical process of this discipline. The author's vision of the role of a person's motor experience in the communicative field of physical education and in the formed "attitudes" of an individual towards regular physical exertion is proposed in the work. The purpose of the study is to explain the significance of the interaction of psychophysiological, pedagogical and anthropological factors of personal motor experience in the context of the perception of physical efforts, in accordance with the specifics of role communication in physical education.

The multifaceted effects of personal movement experience in the context of forming an attitude to physical education are revealed. According to the results of testing and a questionnaire survey (regarding key elements of attitude to physical education and loads) of first-year students of NAU, the following levels of the state of "motor experience" of students are proposed: "initial", "basic", "sufficient" and "sufficient plus". The specificity of the teacher's role communication is determined. Based on the results of the analysis and generalization of teaching experience, testing and questionnaires, the following sequence of acquiring a person’s motor experience was proposed: “initial”, “basic”, “sufficient”, “sufficient plus” with the provision of appropriate definitions.

Conclusions:

the lack of adequate personal motor experience calls into question at a certain stage the student’s subjectivity in the pedagogical process of physical education;

stratification of the contingent of those who engage in personal movement experience reduces the effectiveness of physical education classes;

a physical education teacher must adapt his motor experience to the general field of pedagogical practice in physical education.
Тechnologies of use of physical training means of freestyle wrestlers in adolescent age
Authors: Danko Grigory , Lavrentiev Oleksandr , Danko Taras , Krupenya Svitlana , Zhyvollovych Svitlana
Published: January 2024

This article examines issues aimed at the development of free wrestling and the specifics of development at the teenage age. Which mainly depends on one of the most important biological factors - puberty, which begins at the age of 12-13 years. The process of puberty is accompanied by significant changes in the activity of all physiological systems, primarily the central nervous system. The initiator of puberty is the hypothalamus, which forms a single hypothalamic-pituitary system with the pituitary gland. They are not only the most important structure of the regular system of the brain, which is responsible for higher nervous and mental processes occurring in the human body, but are also the center of neuroendocrine regulation of physiological systems that ensure homeostasis. A sharp increase in the activity of the hypothalamus at the initial stage of puberty causes drastic changes in the functioning of all body systems.

Physical education and sports training are specialized forms of managing the development of a person's physical, mental abilities and properties through the development of the culture of motor activity. The content, formulated goals, tasks, tools, methods and pedagogical technologies used in the educational and training process should be selected in accordance with the age and level of training of athletes.

Special physical training is aimed at creating a special foundation, which will be necessary for effective performance of large training volumes invested in the development of special movement qualities required in a specific sport.

Today, high sports results largely depend on the level of physical fitness of those who practice, and the main role in this process is given to timely specialization in one or another area of movements.
Management of physical culture and sports in the territorial communities of Ukraine
Authors: Kantsur Inna , Sergienko Yuriї , Kondratyuk Аlona , Salii Margarita
Published: January 2024

The article examines the essence and necessity of managing physical culture and sports in the territorial communities of Ukraine. It is emphasized that in the conditions of territorial communities, the role of ma naging physical culture and sports takes on a new dimension. Scientific opinions on the understanding of physical culture and sports are considered. It was determined that the modern market socio-economic system of Ukraine contributes to the formation and development of key aspects of the market of physical culture and sports services. It is highlighted that the field of physical culture and sports serves as an indicator of the quality of life of an individual, social groups and society in general. The state of its activity helps to identify types of social inequality and to some extent can overcome certain types of inequality, thereby improving the quality of life of a significant number of people. It has been established that the management of physical culture and sports in the territorial communities of Ukraine is a key factor for the social, economic and cultural development of the country, covers various spheres of public life and has a great impact on the general state of society. It is noted that the important aspects of physical culture and sports management at the local level are: physical activity and sports are the basis of a healthy lifestyle; sport unites citizens of different age groups, social classes and cultures; sport is an effective tool for developing youth potential; developed sports infrastructure attracts tourists and contributes to the development of the service sector; sport develops discipline, dedication and team spirit; active participation in physical exercises and sports events contributes to the formation of civic culture, increases the level of patriotism and readiness for active participation in public life. It has been proven that the management of physical culture and sports in territorial communities is a strategically important task for ensuring the sustainable development of society, improving the quality of life of citizens, and preserving national health. The creation of a favorable environment for physical activity, the development of sports infrastructure and the support of sports initiatives contribute to the preservation and strengthening of the health of citizens, social integration and the formation of a unified national identity.
The content and structure of the educational discipline "Military-patriotic education" for the preparation of applicants for the specialty 017 "Physical culture and sports"
Authors: Kravchuk Y. I. , Sotnyk Z. G. , Gariievskyi Y. V.
Published: January 2024

The full-scale war in Ukraine determined the educational strategy of the state regarding the organization and implementation of military-patriotic education and military-patriotic training of youth. The article presents the content and elements of the structure of the educational discipline "Military-patriotic education" for the preparation of applicants for the "Physical culture and sports" specialty. Research methods used: analysis of educational and methodological literature; study of scientific publications on the subject of research; systematization and generalization of information; study of regulatory documentation regarding the organization of the educational process in institutions of higher education.

The training course contains three credits, 2 content modules: the basics of military and patriotic education; physical and military training. The goal of the educational discipline is to form the affirmation of national identity, patriotic consciousness, a sense of loyalty and love for Ukraine, readiness to fulfill the civic and constitutional duty to protect national interests, territorial integrity and independence of Ukraine based on real heroic examples of Ukrainians.

The educational course includes the following topics: structure and content of military-patriotic education; history of the Ukrainian army and military service; state symbols of Ukraine; military and patriotic games; general physical training; fire training; topographic preparation; tactical training; tactical medicine.

During the study, relevant competences are formed. The system of values, which Ukraine demonstrates by its own example and the highest price of Ukrainian Heroes, is assimilated; the formation of patriotic values, education of respect and dignity, features of the Ukrainian mentality; acquisition of skills and abilities in military applied training.
Application of crossfit in physical training of law enforcement officers
Authors: Romanchuk S. , Hunchenko V. , Ishchenko Ye. , Iarovyi M. , Shevchenko O. , Poplavets V. , Lashta V.
Published: January 2024

Military professional activities place significant demands on the training of military personnel during participation in combat operations. Scientific research confirms that the most effective means and method of forming the professional readiness of law enforcement units is the quality training of soldiers in military higher education institutions. It is this training that requires the search for new methods and technologies for organizing forms of physical training with military personnel of all specialties. Scientists consider crossfit to be an effective, popular sport that is important in the development of general physical qualities and maintaining the functional state of a soldier at the proper level, and is rapidly developing among different segments of the population in the world.

The article examines the professional and motor fitness of law enforcement officers, which ensures the success of military and professional activities. The author assesses the levels of physical fitness of officers and substantiates the relevance of crossfit as a system of a new sport that demonstrates many qualities: strength, agility, endurance, speed, coordination. The possibility of including cross-fit in the system of professional and applied physical training of law enforcement officers in order to increase the level of military and applied readiness of each officer is considered. The effectiveness of cross-fit means and methods in the development of professionally significant strength qualities of students is proved.
Psychodagnostic development of professional track and track coach development
Authors: Khizhnyak A. , Krupko N.
Published: January 2024

The problem of the influence of the profession on the personality has periodically been the subject of research by a number of scientists, but today it remains relevant and insufficiently developed. The article presents the results of the study of the dynamics of indicators of general adaptation and maladaptation processes of the personality of physical education teachers, as a diagnostic and analytical side of the psychological support of their pedagogical activity. The adaptive sphere of personality of physical education teachers is considered as the main factor of successful professional activity in the field of physical culture and sports. The peculiarities of changes in indicators of the general adaptability of the personality, as well as maladaptation processes of the personality of physical education teachers, depending on gender conformity, are determined.

Also, the study of deformational changes in the coach's personality depending on age characteristics is of particular importance. Since each age period of a specialist has its own crisis moments, therefore, under the influence of factors of professional activity, personal qualities can acquire a specific color. Therefore, the article examines in detail the path of professional development of a track and field coach depending on age characteristics.
The System of Mourning[喪服] in the National Ritual-books[典禮書] of the Joseon Dynasty
Authors:   THE  TAEDONG  CENTER  FOR  EASTERN  CLASSICS, CHA Seoyeon
Published: January 2024

This study examines the evolution and form of the mourning clothes system for men and women, as articulated in the “Gugjoolyeui (國朝五禮儀)” etc, the book on the national rituals of Joseon. The Joseon royal family, in contrast to China, pursued a three-year mourning period and established a mourning attire system akin to that of ordinary households. While Chinese national ritual texts vaguely address mourning rites due to the perception of codifying such rites as disloyalty, the Joseon royal family established a mourning attire system grounded in “Galye” (家禮; Family Rituals). The design and diagrams of men's mourning clothes largely adhere to “Galye.” However, in instances where the primary and supplementary annotations of “Galye” diverge, the practice tends to follow the supplementary annotations. The diagrams also draw from “Galyedo” (家禮圖; Illustrations of Family Rituals), but distinctive characteristics of Joseon are discernible. Women's mourning attire was later enhanced with its forms and diagrams, again using “Galye” as the benchmark. Subsequent national ritual texts were augmented with contents from Chinese ritual books such as “Lyegijibseol” (禮記集說; Collected Explanations of the Book of Rites) and “Galyeuijeol” (家禮儀節; Ritual Sections of Family Rituals), as well as Kim Jangsaeng's “Galyejiblam” (家禮輯覽; Collected Views on Family Rituals), “Sanglyebiyo” (喪禮備要; Essentials of Mourning Rites), and “Uilyemunhae” (疑禮問解; Questions and Answers on Doubtful Rituals). Therefore, mourning attire, being identical in system and form for both the royal family and ordinary households, was used as the only ceremonial dress that transcended class distinctions in Joseon.
The New Perception of Han’s Emperor Wudi in the King Hyojong Era
Authors:   THE  TAEDONG  CENTER  FOR  EASTERN  CLASSICS, LEE Min-Jung
Published: January 2024

This study explores how the perception of Emperor Han Wendi and Emperor Han Wudi in Joseon changed after the ascension of King Hyojong in the 17th century, with historical contexts. The Joseon Dynasty was pursuing the Rule of Right based on Neo-Confucianism as an ideological foundation, and the universal evaluation of Han Dynasty affairs and the emperor was based on this ideal. In Confucian elites Commentary on History, Han Wendi was a symbol of a moral monarch of virtue and benevolence. Wudi, on the other hand, was seen as a despotic monarch who, in contrast to Wendi, sought to achieve ‘Rich Nation, Strong Army’. Joseon elites also agreed with these characterizations and used them appropriately in real-world politics. This can be seen in the case of the late Goryeo Yi Gok, as well as in the cases of Yi I, Yun Seon-Do, and others. In the 17th century, Joseon was in a period of reformation, when various theories of state management emerged to rebuild the country's infrastructure after the two great wars. king Hyojong judged Wudi as superior to Wendi due to his subjugation of Xiongnu. Sanrim such as Song Si-yeol and Yi Yu-tae accepted and affirmed the king's remarks as the king's vengeance against the Qing Dynasty. The emergence of recognition of Han Wudi’s work symbolizes the conflict between the ideals of the Rule of Right and the reality of having to implement statistic policies. Through this, we can see how the different values of ‘the Rule of Right’ and ‘the Rule of Might’, ‘Rich Nation, Strong Army’ and ‘Proper Governance’ were accepted in reality.
CHARITY AND MEDICAL ACTIVITIES OF THE BUDDHIST CLERGY OF EASTERN SIBERIA DURING THE WORLD WAR I (ON THE BASIS OF THE MATERIALS OF THE STATE ARCHIVE OF THE REPUBLIC OF BURYTIA)
Authors:   Institute for Mongolian Studies, Buddhology and Tibetology of the Siberian branch of the Russian academy of sciences, Tsybenov Bazar Dogsonovich
Published: January 2024

The author studies some issues connected with the activities of the Buddhist eparchy represented by Pandito Khambo-lamas, abbots of the Buryat datsans, and healing lamas during the World War I. The relationship of the Buddhist clergy with the representatives of the regional authorities – gover-nors-general, district and uyezd authorities, foreign administrations and volost foremen is also considered. The goal of the research is to study all possible as-sistance of the Buryat datsans to the victims of military operations, hospitals, families of dead and wounded soldiers; the Buryats mobilized for rearguard work. For its solution, the following main tasks have been set: 1) to study the interaction of the Buddhist clergy with the Russian Red Cross society, the cre-ation and activities of the All-Buryat Committee for collecting donations for the needs of the war; 2) analyze the activities of lama healers among the Bur-yats mobilized for rearguard work during the World War I. The materials stored in the funds of the State archive of the Republic of Buryatia, as well as the scientific works, mainly the Buryat researchers’ publications, have provid-ed the work basis. As a result of the study, it was found out that the initiative to collect donations among the Buryat datsans initially came from the govern-ment bodies and was later actively supported by the Buddhist clergy of East-ern Siberia and the Buryat elite. Many details of the collection of donations in the Buryat datsans and their parishes to help the victims of the war have been traced. It has been found out that the lama healers provided all possible sup-port to the Buryats mobilized for rearguard work. On the basis of the materi-als of the State Archive of the Republic of Buryatia the names of some lamas healers, who had worked in difficult conditions in the region of Arkhangelsk, were identified. Thus, we have studied and supplemented some topical issues of the charitable and medical activities of the Buddhist clergy during the World War I.
Mechanism for the formation of the local self-government budget and the sources of its income
Authors: Arynova Z.A. , Tursynkhanov D.Zh. , Nurgalieva S.Zh.
Published: January 2024

Object: to determine the main directions of strengthening the financial base of local self-government in modern conditions in the framework of the implementation of national policies in the field of socio-economic development of territories.Methods: The scientific abstraction method supported with information analysis and grouping.Findings: The results of the analysis of the main characteristics of budgets of the fourth level and the proposed ways to strengthen the revenue base of local self-government contribute to the improvement of the theory of the budget process and inter-budget relations, as well as the development of methodological foundations for the formation of local budgets. The main factor limiting the independence of local governments in the formation of the local budget is the high level of concentration of the country's income (tax) potential at the stage of its primary distribution due to the model of budget-redistributive relations used.Conclusions: By analyzing the problems of the fourth-level budgets, the directions of strengthening the financial base of local self-government were identified, the main of which are increasing the interest of rural districts in building revenue potential, improving medium-term planning, introducing progressive forms and methods of managing local finances.
Пути повышения конкурентоспособности производителей сливочного масла в условиях импортозамещения
Authors: Расулова А.М. , Умырзакова А.А.
Published: January 2024

Мақсаты: Мақалада ЕАЭО мемлекеттерінің статистикалық мəліметтер негізінде, Қазақстанның сүт өнімдерінің импорттық үлесі келтірілген. Сондай-ақ тұтынушылар қандай критерийлер бойынша импорттық сүт өнімдерін таңдайды, қандай критерийлер бойынша отандық өнімдерді тұтынудың себептері негізделген.Əдісі: Қолданылған əдіснамалар мен тəсілдер: статистикалық мəліметтер, сапалы əдіс, атап айтқанда сауалнама.Қорытынды: Жүргізілген зерттеудің теориялық құндылығы кəсіпорынның экономикалық, бəсекелестік факторлары арқылы отандық кəсіпорындардың ерекшеліктерін айқындау болып табылады. Сандық зерттеулер мен сапалық зерттеулер (құрылымдық сұхбат) негізінде авторлар тұтынушылардың талғамын зерттеп, оларды отандық өніммен алмастыру қажеттілігін қарастырған.Тұжырымдама: Сары май өнімдерін тұтынатын тұтынушылар арасында жүргізілген сауалнама нəтижесінде тұтынушылардың негізгі үлесі сары майды таңдау барысында сапа, қоспалардың табиғилылығы, сондай-ақ баға саясаты сияқты критерийлерді басшылыққа алатыны дəлелденді. Тамақ өнеркəсібінің нарығында кəсіпорын бəсекегеқабілетті болу үшін, үнемі өнімнің сапасына назар аудару қажет. Себебі бұл фактор тікелей тұтынушының таңдауына əсер етеді
The Effect of Fly Ash Mixture on Concrete Compressive Strength
Authors: Sofia Dewi Ayu , Kamal Noval
Published: January 2024

Fly ash is a waste from the steam power plant industry that can be used as added material in making concrete. This is because the chemical compounds in fly ash are almost the same as cement. The purpose of this study was to determine the compressive strength of concrete with partial replacement of cement with fly ash. The composition of partial replacement of cement with fly ash is 0%, 20%, 25%, 30%, and 35%. The planned concrete quality is  30 MPa and tested at the age of 7 days and 28 days. The test results show the average compressive strength of the concrete for all variations of both 7-day and 28-day replacement is less than 30 MPa. The greater composition of fly ash used, the smaller the compressive strength value of the concrete. This is caused by the slow hydration process because fly ash is pozzolans which delay the hydration process. In addition, the reduction of cement content will also result in a decrease in compressive strength, this is because the bonding capacity of the aggregate decreases. However, when viewed based on the density of the concrete, the fine fly ash grains can make the concrete denser.
РROBLEMS OF BUDGET PLANNING IN THE SYSTEM OF LOCAL FINANCE AND WAYS OF ITS IMPROVEMENT
Authors: Storozhenko Oksana , Nastenko Mariya
Published: January 2024

The purpose of the study is to find a solution to problematic aspects of budget planning by analyzing the system of local finances and identifying opportunities for improving the budget planning mechanism. Because, in modern domestic science, in particular, considerable attention is paid to the issues of highlighting practical problems of the budget process and budget planning of local finances. However, there is no single definition of the concept of budget planning, its economic content, tasks and principles. To achieve the goal, general scientific methods were used: the method of scientific generalization ‒ to confirm the relevance of research in modern conditions; analysis and synthesis ‒ to understand the processes of reforming the territorial organization of power on the basis of decentralization as one of the key directions of systemic social transformations in Ukraine; scientific extrapolation and forecasting ‒ for further understanding that the local budget is gradually turning from a purely financial mechanism into a powerful means of influencing public opinion. The main results of the research, which form its scientific novelty, were: the search for a solution to problematic aspects of budget planning by analyzing the system of local finances and identifying opportunities for improving the budget planning mechanism, identifying the essence of the concept of «budget planning» and substantiating the organizational and legal foundations of budget planning; disclosure of local budgets as a link of the budget system with a presentation of the current state of the budget and budget indicators of the united territorial communities of Ukraine; coverage of the peculiarities of planning local budgets with a presentation of the problems of forming local budgets and ways to solve them. The practical significance of the obtained results is determined by the provisions of scientific novelty and the possibility of using research proposals and recommendations in the field of practical activities of local financial bodies of all levels, executive bodies of local councils, local state administrations, and relevant local councils.
TRANSLATION OF MEDIA CONTENT DURING MARTIAL LAW
Authors: Babych O , Monashnenko A
Published: January 2024

This article is devoted to the study of the problem of media content translation during martial law. The importance of the media as an information resource in the modern world is analyzed and it considers how the military conflict affects the way information is presented. The article also examines ethical issues related to the translation of media content in conflict settings and provides examples of practical strategies to ensure objectivity and accuracy of information. The study shows that high-quality translation of media content is important for maintaining objectivity and trust in the media in crisis situations. The article examines the importance of context in the translation of media content during martial law. A translation must not only convey accurate information, but also take into account sensitive aspects and cultural characteristics that may affect the audience's perception. In addition, it is highlighted how translation can influence the formation of public opinion and stereotypes during a military conflict, which makes it an important aspect of the information space.

Special attention is paid to issues of cultural equivalent in translation, as terms and expressions can have different meanings in different cultures. The article identifies the challenges faced by translators in their efforts to maintain the effectiveness and adequacy of translation in the conditions of a military conflict.

In addition, the article examines the role of technology in improving the process of media content translation and ensuring speed and accuracy in emergency situations. Analyzing the use of machine translation and other innovations, it is analyzed how these tools can contribute to maintaining the objectivity and reliability of information.

In general, the goal is to highlight the complexity of media content translation tasks during martial law and to contribute to the improvement of methods that allow for the highest degree of objectivity and accuracy in emergency situations.
A Prospective Study of 18F-FDG PET-CT Application in Therapeutic Monitoring of Osteoarticular Tuberculosis
Authors: N. Saiyed Mohammed Ayaz , Varghese Mathew , Patil Harshal Adinath , Sudhan Ram
Published: January 2024

Objective: Confident diagnosis, identification of occult sites, assessing treatment response, and precisely ascertaining the duration and endpoint of treatment in skeletal tuberculosis is often challenging. magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) are less dependable owing to low sensitivity and the inability to discern current illness and old changes. 18F-FDG PET/CT utilizes variations in glycolysis rates between healthy and diseased tissue to quantitatively estimate the maximal standard uptake value (SUVmax) of 18F-FDG to assess disease activity.Material and Methods: 32  patients who presented to the department with a clinicoradiological suspicion and pathologically proven diagnosis of skeletal tuberculosis were prospectively analyzed. All patients underwent a whole body 18F-FDG PET-CT scan before initiation of anti-tubercular therapy (ATT), and then treatment was started as per the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program (RNTCP) guidelines. All patients were followed up with repeat PET-CT scans and relevant clinical investigations at 2, 6, and 12 months.Results: A gradual decrease in SUVmax values, as the treatment courses progressed indicated a decrease in disease activity with treatment. There was an overall mean decrease of 6.5 units in the SUVmax values when compared to the pre-treatment levels, which was statistically significant (p-value<0.001).  At 2 months of anti-tubercular treatment, the mean SUVmax values decreased by 39%, and at 6 and 12 months of ATT, they were reduced by 60% and 81%, respectively.Conclusion: 18F-FDG PET-CT helps to determine the prevalence of occult multifocal activity elsewhere in the body. The gradual decrease in SUVmax values during the course of ATT is a useful tool to assess disease response and to precisely decide the endpoint of ATT.
Effectiveness of applying the preparation Tropikanka 1 on potatoes in the forest steppe of the Obie region
Authors: Galeev R. R. , Zhuchaev K. V. , Sorokoletov O. N. , Petrov A. F. , Novikov E. V. , Miroshnikov P. N.
Published: January 2024

The results of complex experiments to study the effectiveness of using the drug Tropikanka 1 on early potatoes of the Vega variety are presented. The studies were conducted in arid conditions on grey forest soils of the northern forest-steppe of the Novosibirsk Ob region. Before planting, the tubers were soaked for 15 minutes in a solution of Tropikanka 1 with a dilution of 1:50 depending on the options: 1:100, 1:200 and without using the drug with soaking in water (control).

   The research aims to develop methods for using the environmentally friendly organic fertiliser Tropikanka 1 to stimulate the growth and development of potatoes, increasing their yield and product quality.

   It was established that on grey forest heavy loamy soil of the forest-steppe of the Novosibirsk Ob region under conditions of acute moisture deficiency in May, June and early July 2023, the use of pre-planting soaking of early potato tubers of the Vega variety for 15 minutes in a solution of Tropikanka 1 fertiliser, obtained based on bird droppings, accelerated the growth and development of potatoes by seven days compared to the control (using water). The largest area of potato leaves was observed against the background of pre-planting treatment of tubers with Tropikanka 1 at a dilution of 1:100, exceeding the control by 1.8 times. The yield of early potato production (the beginning of the third decade of July) with a dilution of the drug 1: 100 is 1.7 times higher than the control. The total yield against the background of soaking tubers with Tropikanka 1 fertiliser for the Vega variety when diluting the drug 1: 100 reached up to 33.8 t/ha, which is 38% higher than the control. At the same time, the yield of marketable products increased to 30 t/ha, exceeding the control by 52 %. The quality indicatorsof commercial products also improved. When the drug was diluted 1:100, there was an increase in starch content by 0.2 %. The concentration of nitrates during the use of the medication is 6.5 times lower than the maximum permissible concentration for potatoes.