bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF SUPEROXIDE SOLUTION VERSUS CHLORHEXIDINE GLUCONATE SOLUTION IN SURGICAL WOUND DRESSING
Authors: WALIA BHUPINDER SINGH , DUGG PANKAJ , PALIWAL KESHAV , SHARMA SANJEEV , KUMAR ASHWANI
Published: February 2022

Objective: The objective of the study is to compare the effect of superoxide solution (SOD) and chlorhexidine gluconate on wound healing.
Methods: Hundred patients with different types of wounds were recruited in this study and randomized to two groups: Group A- SOD group and Group B- Chlorhexidine group. Observations were made regarding type of wounds, reduction of edema, culture of wounds, improvement, cure rates, and hospital stay.
Results: Although there were no significant difference in the reduction of edema and swelling of wound in both groups, the cure rates were statistically better with SOD (p=0.001) and hospital stay was also less with the use of SOD (p=0.006).
Conclusion: SOD treated case showed less morbidity, with more improvement, and more cure rate compared to chlorhexidine solution with statistically significant p-value. However, further research into the use of SOD and the cytotoxic nature of chlorhexidine in the treatment of various wounds is required.
ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE PATTERN OF PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA ISOLATED FROM VARIOUS CLINICAL SAMPLES IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL, PUDUCHERRY
Authors: A KANTHAKUMAR , M JAYAVARTHINNI
Published: February 2022

Objective: One of the most common bacteria known to cause nosocomial infection and found to be multidrug-resistant is Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The objective of the study was to know the prevalence of the P. aeruginosa isolates with varied clinical conditions and specimens and to assess the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of P. aeruginosa as well as its magnitude of multidrug resistance (MDR).
Methods: A total of 229 biochemically tested and confirmed isolates of P. aeruginosa from various clinical samples were studied. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was determined by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method.
Results: Out of the 229 isolates of P. aeruginosa, majority (60.70%) were from pus sample. Resistance to amikacin and tobramycin was 23.6% and 20.1%, ciprofloxacin was 33.2%. Resistance to ceftazidime, cefoperazone and cefepime were 21.8%, 45.9%, and 25.7%. Imipenem and meropenem showed 26.2% and 20.5% resistance, respectively. Resistance to piperacillin was 18.3% while piperacillin-tazobactam was only 13.5%. The MDR was observed in 33.7% of the isolates.
Conclusion: There is increased resistance to cephalosporins as compared to aminoglycosides, carbapenems and beta lactamase inhibitor. To restrict the inappropriate use of antimicrobial agents, the development of MDR, needs to be continuously monitored and documented.
THE LOSS OF SMELL (ANOSMIA) IN COVID 19 PATIENTS-TO WHAT EXTENT IT HELPS IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF COVID 19 AND FACTORS INFLUENCING ITS RECOVERY-A CLINICAL STUDY
Authors: UDAY SRIKAR V SANJEEV , NAGA SWARNA YELLETI VENKATA , YUGANDHAR GANDUPALLI
Published: February 2022

Objectives: COVID-19 outbreak is a major pandemic affecting many people worldwide, including India. The main clinical features of this disease are cough, fever, and myalgia, and in some cases, breathing difficulty. There are many non-specific symptoms also. Loss of smell (Anosmia) is one of the non-specific clinical features in many patients. The main objective of this study is to diagnose COVID-19 disease in patients presenting with loss of smell, which helps in early isolation of the patient and prevents the spread of infection to others before the diagnosis of COVID-19 is confirmed by RTPCR, which may take 2–3 days. Another objective of this study is to know the factors that influence recovery from anosmia.
Methods: Data was collected from 105 patients who attended Outpatient Department/COVID Ward in GITAM Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Rushikonda, Visakhapatnam, from April 2020 to August 2020. The follow-up study for factors influencing the recovery of anosmia was performed in 100 patients who tested positive for COVID-19 disease with loss of smell as a presenting feature.
Results: Male, to female ratio of patients with upper respiratory infection and loss of smell was 64:36. Out of 105 patients, 27 were tested positive for COVID19. Thus, the prevalence of anosmia in COVID 19 patients was 28.35%. In the follow-up study, out of 100 patients, 34 patients showed complete recovery in 2 weeks, and 42 patients showed partial recovery in 2 weeks and complete recovery in 4 weeks, and 24 patients showed only partial or no recovery within 1 month from the onset of anosmia.
Conclusions: The presence of anosmia can be considered as a non-specific clinical feature in COVID-19, and early identification and isolation of the patient will help in decreasing the spread of disease to other people before the COVID-19 diagnosis is confirmed. It also suggests that recovery from loss of smell is better in middle-aged and female patients. The recovery has been delayed in patients with comorbidities and older people.
BREATH HOLDING TIME AND OXYGEN SATURATION IN COVID AFFECTED NURSING STUDENTS-A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors: KOMMAREDDY SRAVANI , KIRANMAYI PENTAKOTA , RAGAM RAVISUNDER , BABU K RAMESH
Published: February 2022

Objective: The present study is based on a novel approach of validated breath-holding technique and efficiency of SpO2 in the adverse COVID-19 outcomes and comparison with normal subjects.
Methods: It is a prospective observational study conducted in residential/private nursing colleges, St. Luke’s School and College of Nursing and Smt. Vijaya Luke’s College of Nursing, Visakhapatnam during the period July 2021. Fifty-three student nurses affected with mild COVID-19, 35 student nurses affected with moderate COVID-19, aged 18–23 years were enrolled after taking thorough history about COVID-19 that is after 2 months of complete recovery. They were classified based on the symptom history in which the subjects without symptoms or mild symptoms were taken as mildly affected, whereas subjects with severe symptoms with mild fluctuations in SpO2 who didn’t require hospitalization were classified as moderately affected. The study included 109 normal control cases who are never affected with COVID-19 viral infection. In all the subjects, the oxygen saturation was measured using pulse oxymeter and their Breath holding times were also measured using standard protocols.
Results: The mean value of BHT was significantly reduced from normal 16.7339±3.4 to 12.8571±5.1 (p<0.05) in moderate cases. When oxygen saturation levels were compared before and after the breath holding in normal, mild and moderate cases the results were significant. However, when the oxygen saturation levels were compared between normal and mild COVID-19 cases the values were insignificant (p=0.4) and at the same time when the oxygen saturation levels were compared between normal and moderate COVID-19 cases the values were significant (p=0.0001).
Conclusion: According to the findings, breath-holding does not need greater energy expenditure or cardiac output, and it eliminates walking and the related contamination of bystanders as occurring with pulse oximeter. Breath holding time is a determinant of respiratory capacity, when used as parameter helps in assessing the progression of lung injury, it gives an idea about respiratory fitness especially in this COVID era. Breath holding time and fluctuations in SpO2 when used conjointly we can assess degree of lung damage so that further treatment such as the continuity of medication, practicing of breathing exercises with or without medical treatment can be planned. This simple non-invasive tool can be used for the self-assessment of improvement in post-Covid patients. Future validation studies validate this hypothesis, measurement of these basic, innovative surrogates requires minimum inventory (i.e., a means to record oximetry and a timing device) and could feasibly provide a useful way to evaluate risks of future deterioration under under-resourced conditions.
DESIGN OF DISSOLUTION STUDY PROTOCOL FOR PULMONARY DOSAGE FORMS: CRITERIA FOR SELECTION OF BIO-RELEVANT DISSOLUTION MEDIUM
Authors: DAS SAUMYAJYOTI , SARKAR PRASENJIT , BISWAS MAJEE SUTAPA
Published: February 2022

Pulmonary dosage forms constitute an important route of drug delivery for systemic absorption of drugs in management of respiratory diseases as well as diseases such as diabetes, migraine, osteoporosis, and cancer. Performance of different pulmonary dosage forms is greatly influenced by aerodynamic particle size distribution of inhalable particles, spray pattern, fraction of dose actually deposited on pulmonary epithelium, dissolution of active pharmaceutical ingredient and ultimately absorption across pulmonary barriers. In vitro dissolution study should be designed to predict in vivo performance precisely, providing key information on bioavailability and establishing in vitro-in vivo correlation. To obtain meaningful data from dissolution study, focus should be on composition of dissolution medium, dissolution conditions and dissolution test apparatus. For pulmonary dosage forms, selection of physiologically relevant dissolution medium, mimicking lung fluid (LF) is a challenging task. Attempts are being made to develop bio-relevant dissolution medium to overcome the limitations associated with use of conventional media lacking lung surfactant proteins, or several salts normally present in pleural fluid. Use of simulated LFs can give a better understanding of the release mechanisms and possible in vivo behavior of pulmonary dosage forms thereby enhancing the predictive capability of the dissolution testing. In the review, efforts have been taken to provide comprehensive information on composition, physicochemical characteristics and functions of physiological LF, challenges associated with the design and development of dissolution study protocol for pulmonary dosage forms, criteria for selection of an appropriate bio-relevant dissolution medium, comparative study on various reported bio-relevant dissolution media and dissolution apparatuses employed for in vitro characterization of performance of pulmonary dosage forms.
AN EXPLORATORY STUDY EVALUATING EXPERIENCED STIGMA AMONG DOCTORS IN A DEDICATED COVID-19 HOSPITAL OF NORTH INDIA
Authors: GARG JASMIN , SINGLA ADITI , GARG ROHIT
Published: February 2022

Objective: Doctors may experience stigma and discrimination from community, friends and even family due to their association with COVID-19 patients. The present study was planned to assess actual stigma experienced by doctors because of working in COVID-19 wards. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Psychiatry of a dedicated COVID-19 Hospital of North India. A Google Survey Form which measured Experienced Stigma was circulated through WhatsApp groups in October-November 2020 among all the doctors working in COVID-19 ward. Data collected was analyzed statistically. Results: Around 250 doctors participated in the study and 70% of them experienced stigma in one or more ways. Approximately, 60% doctors had stopped socializing because of people’s reactions, they felt that people were afraid of them and that people avoided touching them because they were treating patients with COVID-19. 110 (44%) respondents were denied social exchanges/friendships, 88 (35.2%) felt neglected by family or friends, and 71 (28.4%) lost friendships because they worked with patients with COVID-19. Stigma was experienced significantly higher in younger age (p=0.012*), resident doctors (p=0.001**) and those with longer working hours (p=0.01*). Conclusion: Doctors experience stigma from friends, family and general public due to their contact with COVID-19 patients. Experienced stigma is higher in young age and resident doctors.
Narrative is Not Emancipatory, but Affective Moments Might Be
Authors: Richerme Laura Kapalka
Published: February 2022

Given that the nature of narrative has gone largely unexamined in music education literature, the purpose of this philosophical inquiry is to consider whether narrative creation and telling might be more inherently liberating or confining than Bowman (2006) suggests. I argue that narratives are ordered, temporarily frozen accounts of complicated prior experiences that individuals justify within prevailing ethical norms. While individuals may feel liberated during the process of forming and telling self-stories, narratives inherently resist emancipation. Subsequently, I examine the nature of affective moments and their relationship with narrative. While both narratives and affect theoryinspired writings represent reality, the latter emphasize sensations and mundane encounters not embedded within a clear plotline. Affective moments serve a crucial purpose in our contemporary precarious and emotionally charged world. Affective moments involve interruption, illuminating the distinction between now and could be. As such, the potential for emancipation, although not necessarily its realization, is an inherent part of affective moments. I end by discussing possible implications for qualitative research, including potential resonances and uncertainties.
Nível de sobrecarga e qualidade de vida dos cuidadores de indivíduos com mal de Alzheimer
Authors: Silva de Aguiar Gleiciane , Da Silva Jorge Luiz , Raulino Lílian Tayná da Silva , Da Silva Junior Roque Ribeiro , Almeida Emanuela Freire de , Barreto Kariza Lopes
Published: February 2022

Introdução: Com o passar dos anos o ser humano tem aumentado sua expectativa de vida, o que traz consigo as doenças degenerativas, como é o caso do mal de Alzheimer. Tal enfermidade impossibilita o paciente fazer as mais simples tarefas cotidianas, passando a necessitar de alguém para ser seu cuidador. Objetivo: O presente estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a relação entre o nível de sobrecarga e qualidade de vida de cuidadores de indivíduos com mal de Alzheimer. Metodologia: A pesquisa se caracteriza como descritiva, com delineamento transversal e abordagem quantitativa. A amostra foi composta por 10 cuidadores informais de indivíduos com mal de Alzheimer cadastrados no PSF Bairro de Fátima, no Município de Aracati-CE. Utilizou-se o Formulário Sócio-Demográfico para analisar o perfil dos participantes e o Questionário de Avaliação de Sobrecarga do Cuidador Informal (QASCI). Os dados foram organizados em tabelas e gráficos no software Microsoft Office Excel 2013. A análise dos dados foi feita através do Software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences - SPSS®. Resultados: A pesquisa mostrou que o domínio de Implicações na Vida do Cuidador obteve a maior média de escores entre a amostra pesquisada, com média de 41,50±3,38. A falta de informações, recursos financeiros, apoio familiar, equipe multiprofissional e programas de assistência ao cuidador favorecem negativamente  o aumento da sobrecarga dos cuidadores. Conclusão: Portanto, nota-se a necessidade de um acompanhamento tanto para o paciente quanto para o cuidador, tendo em vista que ambos sofrem o impacto da doença.
Copy number variants and placental abnormalities in stillborn fetuses: a secondary analysis of the Stillbirth Collaborative Research Network study
Authors: Workalemahu Tsegaselassie , Dalton Susan , Allshouse Amanda , Carey Andrew , Page Jessica , Blue Nathan , Thorsten Vanessa , Goldenberg Robert , Pinar Halit , Reddy Uma , (USA) Robert Silver
Published: February 2022

Objective To examine the association of DNA copy number variants (CNVs)
with pathologic placental lesions (PPLs) in stillborn fetuses. Design A
secondary analysis of stillbirth cases in the Stillbirth Collaborative
Research Network case-control study. Setting Multicenter, 59 hospitals
in 5 geographic regions in the USA. Population 387 stillbirth cases
(2006-2008). Methods Using standard definitions, PPLs were categorized
by type including maternal and fetal vascular, inflammatory and
immune/idiopathic lesions. Using single-nucleotide polymorphism array,
CNVs of at least 500 kb were detected. CNVs were classified into two
groups: normal, defined as no CNVs>500 kb or benign CNVs,
and abnormal, defined as pathogenic or variants of unknown clinical
significance. Main outcome measures The proportions of abnormal CNVs and
normal CNVs were compared between stillbirth cases with and without PPLs
using the Wald Chi-squared test. Results Of 387 stillborn fetuses, 327
(84.5%) had maternal vascular PPLs and 60 (15.6%) had abnormal CNVs.
Maternal vascular PPLs were more common in stillborn fetuses with
abnormal CNVs compared with those with normal CNVs (81.7% vs. 64.2%;
p=0.008). The proportions of fetal vascular, maternal/fetal
inflammatory, and immune/idiopathic PPLs were similar among stillborn
fetuses with abnormal CNVs compared to those with normal CNVs.
Pathogenic CNVs in stillborn fetuses with maternal vascular PPLs spanned
several genes with known relevant mechanisms. Conclusions Abnormal
placental/fetal CNVs were associated with maternal vascular PPLs in
stillborn fetuses. Findings may provide insight on the mechanisms of
specific genetic abnormalities associated with placental dysfunction and
stillbirth.
CORRELATION BETWEEN CARDIAC AND HEPATIC T2* MRI AND SERUM FERRITIN LEVEL IN PATIENTS WITH TRANSFUSION DEPENDENT Β-THALASSEMIA MAJOR
Authors:   Dept. of Pediatrics, Al-Imamein Al-Kadhimein Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq, Yaseen Ahmed , Abbas Sawsan ,   Dept. of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq, Abdulhadi Ahmed ,   Dept. of Pediatrics, Al-Imamein Al-Kadhimein Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq
Published: February 2022

Background: β-Thalassemia occurs in higher frequency in the Mediterranean area and the Middle East. Classically serum ferritin and liver biopsy have been needed to monitor patient's response to chelation therapy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been proved effective in detecting and quantifying iron in the heart and liver. Objective:To assess the value of MRI T2* procedure in assessment of hepatic (LIC) serum ferritin level and MRI T2* of liver and myocardium in patients with BTM. Methods: A cross -sectional study was conducted at Al-Imamein Al-Kadhimein Medical City in Baghdad, from September 2016 to September 2017, 45 patients with BTM were collected from the Thalassemia center in Ibn AL-Baldy Hospital. Hepatic and myocardial T2* MRI results were taken from the file records of the patients from the same center.The results of hepatitis B and C and serum ferritin were taken from the file records. Results: The total number of patients was 60, 15 patients were excluded because of heart failure and hepatitis B and C, the mean age was (19.95±6.85 years), male: female ratio equal to 1:1. Fifty-one patients (85%) were on Deferasirox and 19 patients (31.76%) were splenectomized. Serum ferritin ranged between (1009-10600 ng/l). Liver T2* MRI ranged from (0.5-17 ms) with a mean of (3.66±3.13 ms). Mild-moderate severity found in the majority, 18 cases (40%), 13 cases (28.9%) respectively, with strong inverse correlation between liver MRI and serum ferritin level. Myocardial T2* MRI ranged from (1.88-33.2 ms) with a mean of (13.16±7.81 ms). Moderate-severe degree of severity in the majority, 12 cases (26.67%), 19 cases (42.22%) respectively, with significant inverse correlation between serum ferritin and myocardial MRI. There is no positive correlation between myocardial T2* MRI nor liver T2* MRI with mean age of the patients. Conclusion: The study shows that MRI is an accurate and non-invasive method to assess iron overload in liver and heart in β-thalassemia patients with regular transfusion. Keywords: β-Thalassemia major, blood transfusion, serum ferritin, cardiac MRI, hepatic MRI Citation: Yaseen AK, Abbas SS, Abdulhadi AMA. Correlation between cardiac and hepatic T2* MRI and serum ferritin level in patients with transfusion dependent β-thalassemia major. Iraqi JMS. 2019; 17(1): 66-73. doi: 10.22578/IJMS.17.1.10
MULTIPLEX RT-PCR BASED DETECTION OF HUMAN BOCAVIRUS AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES IN INFANTS AND YOUNG CHILDREN WITH LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION
Authors:   Al-Shaheed Al-Sadr General Hospital, Ministry of Health, Rasheed Zaid , Al-Shuwaikh Arwa ,   Dept. of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq, Issa Khaled ,   Dept. of Pediatrics, Ibn Al-Baladi Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq
Published: February 2022

Background: Human Bocavirus (hBoV) has recently been identified as a causative agent of acute respiratory infection (ARI) in infant and young children. However, there is little information about its frequency and importance as a cause of lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in Iraq. Objective:To assess the frequency of hBoV and co-infection rate in infants and young children with LRTI. Methods: Nasopharyngeal/throat swabs were collected during the peak winter months from 100 hospitalized infants and young children less than 5 years of age with LRTI in Baghdad, Iraq. Five viruses were investigated by Multiplex Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). Results: It was found that 71 (71%) had a viral infection either single or mixed. Six out of 100 samples (6%) were hBoV positive, 10 (10%) were parainfluenza virus positive, 12 (12%) tested positive for adenovirus, 58 (58%) were rhinovirus positive and none of the samples gave positive results for coronavirus. Sixteen samples showed mixed infection with rhinovirus, eight of these (8%) with parainfluenza virus, 6 (6%) with adenovirus, and 2 (2%) with hBoV. There were no significant differences between the viral infected and non-infected patients with respect to age, gender, crowding status, gestational age, diagnosis at presenting and hospital stay (the average stay of viral-infected patients in the hospital was three days). In contrast, exposure to smoking was significantly more associated with viral-infected children than virus-free children (80% vs. 44.83%, P<0.001). In addition, viral-infected children showed significantly less proportion for need for intensive care unit than virus-free children (15.5% vs. 79.31%, P<0.001). Breastfeeding was found to have significant adverse association with viral infection (P<0.001). About one-third of viral-infected children had a medical history involving a disease other than respiratory infection (P<0.001). Finally, viral-infected children were reported to have longer period of illness before hospital admission (6.32±5.49 days) than virus-free children (6.32±5.49 days vs. 3.38±2.37 days, P<0.01). Conclusion: More than two third of children with respiratory tract infection have been viral infection either single or mixed. Multiplex RT-PCR has the potential for clinical use in the rapid and differential detection of viral infection. Keywords: Viral respiratory tract infection, Children, Multiplex Real Time PCR Citation: Rasheed ZS, Al-Shuwaikh AMA, Issa KR. Multiplex RT-PCR based detection of Human Bocavirus and other respiratory viruses in infants and young children with lower respiratory tract infection. Iraqi JMS. 2019; 17(1): 74-82. doi: 10.22578/IJMS.17.1.11
EFFECT OF PROGESTERONE IN LOWERING MATERNAL PLASMA CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE IN PATIENTS WITH PRETERM LABOR
Authors:   Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Tikrit University, Tikrit, Iraq, Yaseen Enas , Abd Athraa ,   Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samaraa General Hospital, Samaraa, Iraq
Published: February 2022

Background: Preterm labor is a major obstetrics problem because it associated with high morbidity and mortality to the born baby. Many studies were done to study different aspects of its risk factors, diagnosis and treatment to decrease its incidence, bad sequel to the fetus and recurrence. Objective: To evaluate the role of progesterone in lowering CRH level in plasma of patient with preterm labor. Methods: This study is a case control study. Forty-five pregnant women with preterm labor were included in the study and basal plasma Corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) level was done for each patient. All patients were given oral tocolytic drug, with an initial bolus of 20 mg Nifedipine followed by 10 mg three times daily. They received betamethasone injection (12 mg) 24 hours after hospitalization. Then after stabilization of each patient with random selection, 25 patients were included in group (1) and were given progesterone injection. Twenty patients were included in group (2) or control group because no progesterone injection was given to them. After 24 hours of admission to the hospital, plasma CRH level was measured for both groups with evaluation of the outcome of each patient with preterm labor. Results: Progesterone is more effective in lowering CRH level in patients with preterm labor. In study of 45 cases of preterm labor, the mean CRH level of group (1) decreased from 33.41 ng/ml to 22.12 ng/ml, while the mean level of it in group (2) increased from 27.44 ng/ml to 28.54 ng/ml. Conclusion:Progesterone treatment is effective in lowering CRH level in patients with preterm labor. This would have a positive effect in prolonging the pregnancy period in these patients. Keywords: Preterm labor, progesterone, CRH Citation: Yaseen EM, Abd AF. Effect of progesterone in lowering maternal plasma corticotropin-releasing hormone in patients with preterm labor. Iraqi JMS. 2019; 17(1): 32-42. doi: 10.22578/IJMS.17.1.6
EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT DOSES OF GAMMA RAYS AND ASCORBIC ACID CONCENTRATION ON HUMAN RBCS FOR CONSERVATION PURPOSE
Authors:   Dept. of Physics, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Iraq, Faraj Kharman , Abdullah Samera ,   Dept. of Nursing, Technical Institute of Kirkuk, Northern Technical University, Iraq, Muhammad Sameen ,   Dept. of Nursing, Technical Institute of Kirkuk, Northern Technical University, Iraq
Published: February 2022

Background: Blood preservation and the development of sterile collection sets made possible the developments in blood components preparation, storage and transfusion that we have in today's blood banks and transfusion services. Objective: To investigate the effects of gamma irradiation, ascorbic acid and the combined effect of both on the lifespan of erythrocytes through determining red blood cells hemolysis for conserving it as long as possible without any change in erythrocytes biophysical properties. Methods: The blood was drawn from 10 healthy (5 males and 5 females) volunteers. Sample has been irradiated using 137Cs source. Different concentrations of ascorbic acid were used as an anti-oxidative agent for erythrocytes in blood suspension samples. A spectrometer was used for recording the data. Results: The results showed that 25% of RBCs hemolysis occurred after irradiation with 5Gy of gamma ray during 5th week of storage time while in un-irradiated sample 33.8% of RBCs hemolysis occurred during the 5th week. 25% of RBCs hemolysis for 10 μM of ascorbic acid concentration started after 7th week while for control started after 4th week. The minimum rates of RBCs hemolysis observed in the samples which pre-treated with (7 and 10) μM concentrations of ascorbic acid then irradiated with 1 Gy. Conclusion: The results indicated that irradiation of human blood with a certain doses of gamma ray, treated with small concentration of ascorbic acid or both, the two factors together can protect the blood from hemolysis for a longer time and the minimum rate of red blood cells hemolysis was observed for 10 μM ascorbic acid concentration then irradiation to 1 Gy of gamma ray. Keywords: Gamma ray, ascorbic acid, blood storage, red blood cells, oxidative damage Citation: Faraj KA, Abdullah SH, Muhammad SF. Effects of different doses of gamma rays and ascorbic acid concentration on human RBCs for conservation purpose. Iraqi JMS. 2019; 17(1): 50-56. doi: 10.22578/IJMS.17.1.8
ACUTE AND SUBACUTE TOXICITY OF CHLOROFORM EXTRACT OF XANTHIUM STRUMARIUM LEAVES
Authors:   Dept. of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq, Alsabah Atheer , Abd Abdulkareem ,   Dept. of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq, Al-Shammari Ahmed ,   Iraqi Centre for Cancer and Medical Genetic Researches, Al- Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
Published: February 2022

Background:The incidence of cancer is increasing worldwide. Xanthium strumarium may possess anticancer activity, the plant extract for in vitro anticancer activity against a panel of three human cell lines (Breast MCF7, Renal TK10 and Melanoma UACC62), exhibit anticancer activity against these three human cell lines screened by National Cancer Institute. Objective:To investigate the safety of chloroform extract of Xanthium strumarium leaves, which showed potent cytotoxic activity against tumor cells. Methods:The leaves were dried and grounded into fine powder, and extracted with chloroform, that showed potent cytotoxic activity has been tested against two animal species mice and rats for testing its safety. Toxicity was evaluated in Swiss albino mice by feeding with serial doses of extract between 1.0 to 20.0 gm/kg orally and observed continuously for the first 4 hr and hourly for the next 24 hr, then every 6 hr for 48 hr (72 hr, acute toxicity). Rats were also fed with extract single dose of 5 gm/kg, the toxicity was carried out by assessing the effects on biochemical parameters, body weight and relative organ weights for both male and female rats. Results:LD50 of chloroform extract was 3.07 gm/kg. The biochemical finding showed no significant differences compared to control. No significant weight changes occur throughout the study. Conclusion:Chloroform extract has low LD50 (3.07 gm/kg), but the acute toxicity study showed no mortality or signs of toxicity, with non-significant changes in body weights, relative organ weights, and biochemical tests among treated groups compared to their controls. Keywords:Xanthium strumarium, chloroform extract, cytotoxic herb, acute toxicity Citation:Alsabah AS, Abd AH, Al-Shammari AM. Acute and subacute toxicity of chloroform extract of Xanthium strumarium leaves. Iraqi JMS. 2019; 17(2): 108-113. doi: 10.22578/IJMS.17.2.3
The Effects of Gender and Hand Dominancy on Motor Unit Number Estimation in A Sample of Healthy Iraqis Using Two Different Methods
Authors:   Section of Neurophysiology, Al-Imamein Al-Kadhimein Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq, Abdul Muneem Safa , Kaddor Hussein ,   Dept. of Physiology, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
Published: February 2022

Background:Motor unit number estimation (MUNE) is a unique electrophysiological technique that was developed to determine a numeric estimate of the number of innervating axons. This technique can be used to determine the approximate number of motor neurons in a muscle or group of muscles. Objective:To test the MUNE values according to subject’s gender and hand dominancy in the normal population. Methods:Healthy volunteers who had neither neuromuscular nor systemic/ metabolic disease, with normal neurological examination were studied. Ninety hands of 56 healthy volunteers (11 males and 45 females) with ages ranging from (24-58) years were included in the study. All had normal median nerve conduction studies. Manual incremental (INC) method and adapted multiple points stimulation (AMPS) method were performed for MUNE. Results:Gender did not have an effect on the scores according to the two studied methods (p=0.054 by INC method and p= 0.700 by AMPS method). Hand dominancy also show no statistically significant difference of the scores of MUNE according to both studied methods (p=0.091) by INC method and (p=0.051) by AMPS method. Conclusion:Incremental stimulation and adapted multiple point stimulation are reliable and easily applicable methods with same reproducibility in estimating motor units with no significant effect for subject gender or hand dominancy. Keywords:Motor unit, motor unit number estimation (MUNE), incremental stimulation (INC) method, adapted multiple point stimulation (AMPS) method Citation:Abdul Muneem SD, Kaddori HG. The effects of gender and hand dominancy on motor unit number estimation in a sample of healthy Iraqis using two different methods. Iraqi JMS. 2019; 17(2): 153-160. doi: 10.22578/IJMS.17.2.9
O LUGAR QUE O ESTADO ENCONTRA A POPULAÇÃO: PERCEPÇÃO DO DOCENTE NO SERVIÇO PÚBLICO
Authors: Costa Filho José Vinicius da , Oliveira Tatiane de , Souza Pinto Luiz Renato de , Vital dos Santos Milena Raquel
Published: February 2022

Analisa-se a percepção dos docentes do curso bacharelado em Secretariado Executivo do IFMT - Campus Cuiabá Octayde Jorge da Silva em relação à sua atuação na política pública educacional, a partir de conceitos de burocracia de nível de rua. O estudo exploratório é qualitativo e faz uso de entrevista semiestruturada. Os resultados são: 1) o docente está inserido em uma estrutura burocrática institucional que pauta a sua atuação e discricionariedade; 2) foram identificadas expectativas diversas, propriamente discentes desmotivados, instituição incapaz de articular um esforço pedagógico convergente, docentes que enfrentam um ambiente não ideal sem incentivos institucionais para práticas pedagógicas comuns; 3) a discricionariedade do docente se relaciona com as condições do discente; 4) o docente possui liberdade e não sofre ameaças da gestão superior; 5) dissintonia entre o que deseja o discente, planeja a gestão e executa o docente. Este artigo contribui com a agenda que trata do trabalho docente na rede pública de educação.
NON-VERBAL MEANS OF COMMUNICATION IN MODERN MEDIA
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, I.I. Ivanchenko , A.A Milov ,   Russian State University of Justice, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
Published: February 2022

This paper shows the importance of non-verbal means of communication during a pandemic and highlights the threats and opportunities for the processes of transformation of communication channels against the background of quarantine measures. The growth of the role of network communication tools and a new impetus for the development of machine education and cloud technologies are noted. The modern classification of non-verbal means of communication in the theory of communications and special pedagogy is presented.
ECONOMIC POLICY AND TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MODEL LEGISLATION IN THE AGRO-INDUSTRIAL SECTOR OF THE RUSSIAN ECONOMY
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, I.A. Krygina , S.V. Rybak ,   Rostov Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Russian Federation
Published: February 2022

The systemic and structural changes taking place in modern Russian legislation reflect those large-scale changes that primarily manifest the internal and external aspects of the state's integration into international integration associations, which significantly expands the scope of legal regulation not only in the economic segment of public relations, but also makes it possible to optimize legislative regulation in certain spheres of economic and economic activity. The purpose of this study is a special area of social relations, which is objectively included in the operating mechanism of management, but does not have its own independent legislative consolidation. We are talking about the so-called «economic legislation», a concept that in Russian jurisprudence is very conditional, since it is still not accepted to single out a separate subject of legal regulation in this sphere of relations in the legal and legislative doctrine. Guided by the set research goals and objectives, the authors attempt to analyze the regulatory framework of the mechanisms of integration interaction. At the same time, the author's vision of this problem is based on special tools and an approach that provide a comprehensive vision of the problem under consideration and is based on the dualism of its perception. Nevertheless, in recent years in the Russian legal science, an opinion has been increasingly expressed about the need for an integrated approach to this problem, which is justified by the objective processes of integrating the Russian economy into the global economic space and, accordingly, the unification of Russian legislation, in particular agrarian legislation, into the global regulatory framework regulatory system.
STATE AND DEVELOPMENT OF WINE-MAKING EQUIPMENT IN THE PERIOD AFTER 2017
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, I.Y. Mekhantseva , N.V. Guseva , A.M. Salikhova , A.A. Trokhmanenko
Published: February 2022

The article presents an analysis of the law" On viticulture and Winemaking" of 2019, the opinions of experts and farmers on innovations. It is established that the majority of producers of wine-making equipment of the Soviet era either re-profiled or ceased their activities. At the moment, the market is dominated by manufacturers of equipment for low-tonnage wine production. The technical re-equipment of the wine industry is still far from complete, despite a large number of proposals from both domestic and foreign producers.
PERENNIAL CROPS AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO GRAIN RAW MATERIALS IN EXTRUDED FEED FOR FARM ANIMALS
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, D.V. Rudoy , V.I. Pakhomov , T.A. Maltseva , A.S. Babajanyan , S.R. Saakian ,   Agrarian Research Center "Donskoy", Zernograd, Russia
Published: February 2022

This article presents a comparative characteristic of the main quality indicators of perennial and annual grain crops. The analysis of the data showed that the protein content in the perennial is on average 3% higher, gluten by 5-10%, and starch by 10% less. Perennial crops have a number of advantages over annual crops: they are resistant to drought, frost, pests, have a developed root system, which has a positive effect on the general condition of the soil, in addition to the grain harvest, perennial give up to three mowing of green mass, due to which they are dual-use crops. The analysis of the feed recipe showed that the main ingredient is grain. The extrusion process is considered as one of the ways of processing the entire biologically valuable harvest of perennial cereals, which allows to increase digestibility and improve organoleptic properties.
AUTOMATION OF DATA PROCESSING BIG DATA
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, A.K. Shaboyan
Published: February 2022

Today, data is one of the most important components of the life of society and of every person. The modern stage of development of society is characterized by a constant increase in the volume of data that comes from many different sources. The structure and composition of this data is often not defined. There is such a large amount of information that it is impossible to solve the task without the intervention of technology. So, Big Data technology is a set of tools, approaches and methods for processing both structured and unstructured data of a huge size for their further use.
ON A MODEL OF POLARIZATION OF A FIBROUS COMPOSITE WITH A FERROELECTRIC MATRIX
Authors:   Institute of Mathematics, Mechanics and Computer Science named after Vorovich I.I. Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, A.S. Skaliukh
Published: February 2022

. A finite element model is proposed for calculating the physical fields of a fiber composite with a ferroelectric matrix and dielectric filler at the stage of polarization / depolarization by an electric field. The mesh is selected as four nodal finite elements with a curved boundary. A quasi-static process is considered, the residual parameters and the physical characteristics depending on them are determined.
ANALYSIS OF COMPOSITION AND NUTRITIONAL VALUE INDICATORS FOR JUSTIFICATION OF APPLE POWDER ENRICHMENT OF CHILDREN'S MEAT-BASED FOOD PRODUCTS
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, A.A. Telegina , I.Y. Mekhantseva
Published: February 2022

The article presents an analysis of the composition and structure of the nutritional value of apple powder as a herbal supplement in baby food. The chemical composition of apple powder is considered in comparison with other additives used by manufacturers of baby food. The article reveals the use of apple powder in meat-based children's food products in order to increase their nutritional value.
FLOATING RESEARCH PLATFORM FOR AUTOMATED MONITORING OF THE IRRIGATION CANALS AND SMALL WATER BASINS FOR THE AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX AND EDUCATION
Authors:   Federal Research Centre The Southern Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, O.A. Khoroshev , P.S. Plyaka , A.P. Budnyk , V.A. Ivanov , A.V Yudin
Published: February 2022

The article presents the development and field tests of the autonomous remote-controlled midget floating craft (ARMFC) "Vodomerka" of the SSC RAS. This is a prototype of a promising surface research platform for hard-to-reach areas of irrigation canals and small water basins. At the present configuration, the ARMFC is controlled remotely by an operator via video communication. The platform hosts equipment for panoramic video recording of surroundings and measurement of the environment. Examples of applications of ARMFC in the exploration of the relief and the coastline conditions, the degree of plant overgrowth across the water canal, and even ornithological monitoring are presented. The use of a conductometric sensor makes it possible to study the electrical conductivity of water along small waterways revealing contributing sources. Thanks to the modular architecture, the platform allows one to perform multiple tasks in the agro-industrial complex. It also serves as an educational tool for field research, both for agroecology students and designers of irrigation networks.
INTEGRATED APPROACH TO SOLVING THE PROBLEM OF HEPATOSIS IN COWS AS A FACTOR OF ENSURING THE FOOD SECURITY OF THE COUNTRY
Authors:   Krasnodar Research Centre for Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Krasnodar, Russian Federation, A.A. Abramov , V.A. Grin , N.D. Kuzminov , K.A. Semenenko , A.A. Vlasenko
Published: February 2022

The article presents the results of studies to solve the problem of fatty hepatosis - an metabolic pathology that has become widespread in in domestic dairy farming in recent years. The consequence of the course of the disease is a significant production loss of livestock productivity and a decrease in the quality of dairy products supplied to the population. The results of research by Krasnodar scientists in the field of identifying the genetic prerequisites for the development of pathology, the development of methods for a comprehensive and accessible diagnosis of hepatosis on dairy farms, as well as achievements in the creation and implementation of effective means of pharmacological correction in production will eventually save the animal husbandry from hepatosis and increase the level of food supply, security of the country.
INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFICIENCY OF THERMAL INSULATION OF AGRICULTURAL REFRIGERATION CHAMBERS
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Y.I. Babenkov , A.I. Ozersky , V.V. Romanov , G.A. Galka
Published: February 2022

The calculation of the main thermodynamic parameters of the agro-industrial complex refrigerating chamber is performed. The heat flows and the economic efficiency of the refrigerating chamber are determined. The heat transfer and heat transfer coefficients are calculated. A model of a refrigeration unit is proposed. The properties of polyurethane foam are described.
ASSESSMENT OF THE PROSPECTS FOR THE RENOVATION OF SOCIO-CULTURAL CONSTANTS IN AN UNSTABLE REALITY: BASED ON THE MATERIALS OF A SOCIOLOGICAL STUDY
Authors:   Belgorod State National Research University, Belgorod, Russian Federation, V.P. Babintsev , G.N. Gaydukova , Z.A. Shapoval
Published: February 2022

The problem of renovation of socio-cultural constants (values, norms and behavioral models) preserved in the national historical and cultural tradition is considered. By the renovation of a sociocultural constant, the authors understand the process and result of restoring its significance as one of the systemic elements of public discourse, associated with the transformation of its supporters into a factor that other participants in the social space must constantly take into account when making and implementing socially significant decisions. The diagnosis of the population's dispositions regarding the problem of renovation of socio-cultural constants was carried out on the basis of a sociological study conducted in the Belgorod region in 2021, which included a mass questionnaire survey of the population (n = 500), an expert interview (n = 30), 3 focus groups.
YOUTH IN THE AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX: «TODAY AND TOMORROW»
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, S.F. Barannik
Published: February 2022

As a result of all the innovations and changes in agriculture in Russia, it has turned into an industry with the lowest wages for workers. Meanwhile, Russia has great agricultural potential, but these opportunities have not yet been realized. Only young people who take an active part in the development and transformation of the agro-industrial complex can correct the situation.
INVOLVEMENT OF YOUNG PEOPLE IN THE AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, A.K. Shaboyan
Published: February 2022

. In modern agriculture, the problem of the lack of specialists and highly qualified personnel of mass professions is especially acute. Negative tendencies in the system of staffing of the agroindustrial complex are associated, first of all, with the issues of forming a personnel reserve, the lack of an effective youth policy of the state. So in a market environment, it is important to provide a new approach to the professional development of an individual, based on a combination of mobility and stability. It is necessary to analyze the process of social and professional formation of young people from the point of view of solving personnel problems typical for most enterprises in the agro-industrial complex.
DEVELOPMENT OF EQUIPMENT FOR CONDUCTING RESEARCH IN THE FIELD OF MODERN METAL SCIENCE
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, S.A. Grishin
Published: February 2022

The work is devoted to the development and creation of a universal amplifier device for the study of various processes of modern metal science. The device uses 2 AC voltage amplifiers, 1 DC voltage amplifier and a thermocouple signal amplifier. All amplifiers are necessary to amplify weak signals to a level of about 5V and further convert them to digital form using an ADC. The digital signal obtained in this way can then be processed using special computer programs – for example, MATLAB.
Estimativa de radiação solar global diária com base na temperatura do ar para diferentes condições de nebulosidade em Florianópolis, Santa Catarina
Authors: Auler Flávia Roberta , Minuzzi Rosandro Boligon
Published: February 2022

Independente da forma manual ou automática, a medida de radiação solar global exige um custo elevado e manutenção frequente dos instrumentos, sendo a sua estimativa, uma alternativa para a obtenção deste tipo de dado meteorológico. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar quatro modelos empíricos para estimativa de radiação solar global (Rg), a partir da temperatura do ar em Florianópolis. Dados instrumentais de Rg foram obtidos para todos os dias de 2016 e comparados com dados estimados por diferentes métodos. As análises foram feitas considerando diferentes condições de nebulosidade (céu claro, parcialmente nublado e nublado) e sem distinção de nebulosidade. O desempenho de cada modelo foi avaliado através dos seguintes indicadores: erro padrão da estimativa, erro médio, coeficiente de correlação e de determinação da Regressão Linear, do Índice de Concordância e do Índice de Confiança. A Rg instrumental explicou cerca de 75% da variação de Rg estimada pelos métodos de An, Har e Hu e 68% pelo de Ch. Os desempenhos e os coeficientes de correlação e de determinação diminuíram gradativamente com o aumento da nebulosidade. Os métodos de Hu e de Ch indicaram uma tendência da Rg em subestimar e superestimar a Rg instrumental nas condições de céu claro e parcialmente nublado, respectivamente. A Rg pode ser estimada usando os modelos propostos por Ch e Hu, sendo mais eficientes nas condições de céu claro e parcialmente nublado.