bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
OUTCOMES OF LAPAROSCOPY IN COMPLICATED APPENDICITIS AND CHANCES OF CONVERSION TO OPEN APPENDICECTOMY
Authors:   Senior Resident Department of General Surgery, RIMS, Raichur-584102., Muttappa Gulappagol Vishal , a Bhuvaneshwari ,   Senior Resident Department of General Surgery, SIMS, Shimoga-577201., Swamy J.S Mahadeva ,   Senior Resident Department of General Surgery, JSS Medical College, Mysore-570004.
Published: August 2023

Laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) was performed mostly on uncomplicated appendicitis due to opinions about its safety when it was first introduced. Nevertheless, there are still concerns about surgical difficulties in managing complicated appendicitis with laparoscopy, possible post-op complications and conversion to an open appendectomy (OA) during the surgery. Aims and Objectives: To study outcomes of laparoscopy in complicated appendicitis and chances of conversion to open appendicectomy. Methods:The study consists of 50 patients who underwent laparoscopic appendectomy in department of General Surgery at Navodaya Medical College hospital and research center, Raichur.. The study population was enrolled after fulfilling the selection criteria from department of General Surgery. Informed consent was taken from all the patients who are involved in this study. Patients diagnosis was based on clinical findings, complete blood counts, abdominal sonography and CT in selected cases. Result: Fifty patients underwent laparoscopic appendectomy for complicated appendicitis. Of the 50 patients, perforated appendix cases are 31, gangrenous appendix are 15, acute appendicitis with abscess were 4 cases.Three patients were converted to open appendicectomy. Post operation wound infection, conversion rate and hospital stay rate are very less. Conclusions: The present study proved that laparoscopic appendectomy is the best approach in complicated appendicitis. Most cases of complicated appendicitis can be treated laparoscopically. Laparoscopic appendicectomy is a useful method for reducing hospital stay, post operativepain,complications and return to normal activity.
HOW CORRECT ARE THE CLAIMS OF GOODNESS OF ASSOCIATIONALISM?
Authors:   Associate Professor and former Head, Department of Political Studies, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya., Kumar Praveen
Published: August 2023

Discussions about how associational life is understood in western societies typically center on the relationship between its robustness and strong democratic institutions. Associations provide the dispersed persons a sense of rootedness. The backdrop of democratization and the introduction of other concepts and categories to understand the significance of associativeness and its connections to democracy are the problems, though. Furthermore, using associations to achieve ones own or communal interests is more essential than whether a person is a associated self since it shows initiative and leadership on the part of the individual. Overall, the relationship could be viewed as a dynamic process where associational actions are considered as an essential component of the state rather than as something separate from or outside of it.
MANAGEMENT OF FOOD POISONING EPIDEMIC AT COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTRE LEVEL IN RAJASTHAN
Authors:   Community Health Centre, Udaipurwati (Jhunjhunu) Under MHFW Department, Government of Rajasthan (Rajasthan)., Bawliya Bajrang , Kumar Dangi Raj ,   Community Health Centre, Udaipurwati (Jhunjhunu) Under MHFW Department, Government of Rajasthan (Rajasthan)., Bhupesh Mukesh ,   Community Health Centre, Udaipurwati (Jhunjhunu) Under MHFW Department, Government of Rajasthan (Rajasthan)., Gupta Animesh ,   Community Health Centre, Udaipurwati (Jhunjhunu) Under MHFW Department, Government of Rajasthan (Rajasthan).
Published: August 2023

This case study examines the efficient management of food poisoning cases in a prominent hospital with early intervention and timely implementation of epidemiology study. The hospital implemented a streamlined approach to handle food poisoning incidents, emphasizing prompt diagnosis, treatment, and containment. An interdisciplinary team comprising physicians, nurses, and infection control specialists collaborated to ensure swift response and patient care. Utilizing advanced diagnostic techniques and evidence-based treatments, the hospital achieved reduced hospitalization durations and improved recovery rates. Additionally, they actively engaged in community awareness programs to prevent future outbreaks. The hospitals successful management of food poisoning cases showcased their commitment to patient welfare and public health. Methods: A retrospective-prospective study design was used for the investigation of the outbreak. using an epidemiological case sheet for each case, primarily based on a standardized questionnaire. Results: A total of 365 patients reported to the hospital with symptoms of diarrhoea (100%), with the number of episodes ranging from 4 to 20, abdominal cramps (87%), fever (21%), and vomiting (65%). The range of incubation period was from 12 h to 48 h. Keeping the incubation period and clinical profile in view, the likely organisms are enteropathogenic Escherichia coli or Salmonella spp. Conclusion: Such events expose masses to risk of food-borne infections as the food is prepared under temporary arrangements. The application of WHO and The Food Safety and Standards Authority (FSSA) in India is a forward-looking act aimed at food safety at all levels which can prevent such occurrences.
Mapping the literature on Gen Z purchasing behavior: A bibliometric analysis using VOSviewer
Authors: Li Pingxiu , Hasnah Hassan Siti
Published: August 2023

Generation Z makes up the largest proportion of the world’s population and owns active spending power. Born in the internet information age, they have diverse values and consumer behaviors compared to other cohorts of generations. While there has been a significant increase in research on the purchasing behavior of Generation Z in recent years, there are particularly few bibliometric studies in this field. This study aims to sort out the current research status on the purchasing behavior of Generation Z, identify the evolution of purchasing behavior research of Generation Z, determine key research hotspots, and explore future research directions and priority suggestions by analyzing the current literature. The bibliometric analysis is based on the citation information of 638 literature items about Generation Z purchasing behavior in the Scopus database. The results sort out the knowledge structure of the purchasing behavior domain of Generation Z and draw a visual map of the network. Four popular research themes are identified based on keyword co-occurrence analysis, namely the influencing factors of Generation Z consumption behavior, the comparative study with other generations of consumers, the analysis from the perspective of human demography, and the study of sustainable consumption behavior. Studies on Generation Z consumers’ spending habits from 2001 to 2022 may be divided into three stages related to the growth process of Generation Z. Future research should focus on the influence of social media on the purchasing behavior of Generation Z and the sustainability of their consumption patterns.
Performance Study of Ni/Si-MCM-41 Catalysts, Synthesized with Different Silica Sources, and their Application on Methane Dry Reform to Produce Green Hydrogen
Authors: Cazula Bárbara , da Fonseca Renata , Marinho André Luiz , Noronha Fábio , Arroyo Pedro Augusto , Yamamoto Carlos , Brackmann Rodrigo , José Alves Helton
Published: August 2023

The present work carried out an extensive and deepened study regarding the physicochemical characteristics of two Si-MCM-41-type supports, synthesized employing two distinct silica precursors, tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and rice husk ash (RHS), with the dispersion of nickel on the surface of the catalytic support. The direct influence of the active phase dispersion was analyzed, making a relationship with the formation of coke and with its performance on methane dry reform (DRM). The catalysts were prepared with 5, 10, and 20% (m/m) of Ni by wet impregnation method (with excess solvent), calcined at 800 ºC for 6 h, and characterized by the techniques of scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM/ EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET)/Barret-JoyerHalenda (BJH), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), temperature-programmed ammonia desorption (TPD-NH3), and H2-temperature-programmed reduction (TPR). The DRM experiments were carried out at 800 °C for 24 h with a 1:1 CH4:CO2 molar ratio. Analyzes of gaseous products were performed in gas chromatography (GC) and the coke produced was estimated by temperature-programmed oxidation (TPO). The best reaction results were obtained for catalysts with 20% nickel, which were selective and stable within 24 h of reaction. Comparing the TEOS and RHS catalysts for 20% Ni, the DRM results were very similar. The catalysts on RHS support demonstrated a significant low formation of coke, which can be considered negligible in a 24 h reaction.
Fundamental and applied aspects of geopolitical studies in USA and their influence on contemporary practice of international relations
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Lanskoy Grigorii
Published: August 2023

Paper is devoted to methodology and content of geopolitical studies realizing in United States of America. In their complex are analyzing historical and political studies of theoretical and practical type oriented to analysis of forms and directions of expansion and governance of different territories by state power institutions. In quality of examples having from point of contemporary development of international relations evident actuality in paper are selected monographs and articles devoted to external policy of Russian Empire in period of second half of 19th and beginning of 20th century. In content of these historiographical sources were precisely presented basic and partially stereotype forms of attraction by American authors of tendencies of development of other countries with mobilizational type of transformation and traditional for studies of these authors strategies forecasting of political and in large meaning social evolution of these countries. In quality of fundamental aspects diversified in these scientific and partly journalistic works in paper are presented points about global backwardness, forced and in this occasion temporary overcoming of existing evolutionary problems and final impossibility of successful concurrence of Russia and other countries with catching type of development with United States of America, Great Britain and mostly industrially developing states of continental Europe. To applied aspects of geopolitical studies realizing in USA in paper were referred interpretations of concrete historical events projected and presented in them and also their choice and systematization. This definition of studying object is conditioned by methodological connection between scientific analysis of facts and from one part by development of international relations and from other part by realizing by many authors decision of task of explaining external political strategy of state on base of ideologically determined historiographical discourse caused from one part by development of international relations and from other part by specific features of expert social mind.
Memorabilia of the US thematic exhibits in the USSR as a source for public diplomacy and propaganda studies
Authors:   Mari State University, Fominykh Alexey
Published: August 2023

The paper analyzes the array of information materials and artifacts related to American thematic exhibitions that were held in the Soviet Union by the US Information Agency (USIA) from 1959 to 1991 as part of the Soviet-American agreements on cultural exchanges. The American National Exhibition in Moscow in the summer of 1959 was the first (and most famous) in a series of such exhibitions; it was subsequent by 18 traveling shows, which covered 25 Soviet cities — both Union and republics’ capitals and remote regional centers. The total audience of these showings is estimated at 20 million visitors. American exhibitions in the USSR left behind a deep information and cultural trace in memories, movie and photo chronicles, as well as in a variety of “handouts” and souvenirs distributed at events. Among collectors of antiques of this kind, thematic collections are known as memorabilia, or a collection of things associated with a certain historical figure, a celebrity, or event. These materials, especially the official booklets of the exhibitions, contain valuable information, which reflects not only the content of the showings, but also the political and ideological attitudes of their American organizers. The selection of exhibits, their information support (textual — in booklets, and oral — from guides at the exhibition), the engineering and visual design of the shows — all were aimed, ultimately, at the formation of a positive image of America among the Soviet public (and, as a result, a critical perception of Soviet realities). Thus, the exhibitions, even if their themes seem to be far from the ideology (science and technology, culture, life, industry and agriculture), turned into an effective propaganda tool. Moreover, the USIA was able to use this tool under the terms of agreements on bilateral exhibition exchanges. Unfortunately, visual materials and objects of material culture in general are rarely involved in studies of public and cultural diplomacy as a source. This article aims to fill this gap.
The Eczacıbaşı Clan — Chief Pharmacists of Turkey
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Zheveleva Aleksandra V. , Sokolova Natalia A. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Yagafarova Aleksandra D. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: August 2023

From a single pharmacy in Izmir opened by the founder of the dynasty Süleyman Ferit to an industrial corporation whose fields of activity include construction materials, pharmaceuticals, consumer goods, investment and real estate, the story of the entrepreneurial success of the Eczacıbaşı family unfolded against the backdrop of the turbulent political and social life of the Ottoman Empire and Turkey of the 20th century. The presented article examines the life path of the founders of the dynasty, father Süleyman Ferit Eczacıbaşı and son Nejat Ferit Eczacıbaşı, and the history of the success of their enterprises in its relation to historical events. The Eczacıbaşı family comes from Izmir, thus both the head of the clan, Süleyman Ferit, and his heirs witnessed the historical events of the early 20th century, which shook not only Turkey, but also the entire Middle East region. Not actively participating in the political life of the country, The Eczacıbaşı family had close ties, first with the Young Turk government, then with the heroes of the national liberation struggle Celal Bayar, Mustafa Kemal Ataturk and others. The materials used in the preparation of the article are also valuable sources on the history of the young Turkish Republic. Here you can learn valuable information about the Greek occupation of Izmir, about the development of the healthcare system in Izmir in the Ottoman and early Republican period, about the first significant events in the life of Izmir in the 1920s, for example, about the Izmir Economic Congress and the International Exhibition in Izmir. The history of the Eczacıbaşı clan is a vivid example of the origin and development of entrepreneurship among the Turkish population of Turkey and could be helpful to researchers interested in the history of Turkey’s economic development.
Woman and Yemen in Three Novels by Nadia al-Kawkabani (Yemen)
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Suvorov Mikhail N.
Published: August 2023

Among scholars of literature, there is a discussion about whether modern Arab women write fiction differently from their male counterparts. Some argue that women writers have special concerns which result from their specific experiences in Muslim society and determine not only the thematic spectrum of their works, but also a specific, sometimes vague manner of their literary expression. This discussion is based mostly on the works of prominent women writers from Egypt, Lebanon, Palestine, Syria, North Africa, sometimes Saudi Arabia and the Arab Gulf States. Yemen has not received much attention in this discussion, as well as in literary studies in general. This article examines to what extent the suggested female, or “feminist”, manner of writing is manifested in the works of Yemeni novelist and short story writer Nadia al-Kawkabani, who is one of the most prolific women writers in her country. In her three novels, Not More Than Love (2006), Submissive Wives (2009), and My Sanaa (2013), “feminist” topics are touched upon repeatedly, but practically none of them is represented by a detailed story with a sufficient degree of sentiment and psychologism. On the contrary, a great deal of attention in these novels is given to the culture and modern history of Yemen, and the narrative, like in many male writers’ works, is dominated by sociopolitical issues. One may argue that Yemen in Nadia al-Kawkabani’s novels prevails over the “feminist” issue.
Monuments of Ethiopian Church Architecture in the Geralta Region: Materials of Field Research in Autumn 2020 in the Tigray Region (Ethiopia)
Authors:   Scientific Research Institute of Theory and History of Architecture and Urban Planning, branch of the Central Institute for Research and Design of the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services of the Russian Federation, Klyuev Sergey A. , Semenova Valeria N. ,   Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (Kunstkamera), RAS
Published: August 2023

The article, based on the results of field research in the fall of 2020, focuses on four churches in the mountainous Gärʽalta district in central Tǝgray. This strategically located most important role in the history of the Ethiopian state and region. There are many hard-to-reach rock-hewn churches that were centers of monastic activity. Gärʽalta’s many rock-hewn churches are well represented in the scientific literature. The focus of the work is three rock-hewn and one built churches, little studied in terms of analyzing their architectural plans and forms: Arbaʽǝtu Ǝnsǝsa (Mikaʼel) Gundo, Abunä Zärʼa Buruk, Kidanä Mǝḥrät Yaʽid, Maryam Pappasäyti. The article puts forward proposals on the typology of monuments, their dating; features characteristic of the architectural tradition of the historical period and, on the contrary, unique, inherent in the churches. Special attention is paid to the works of religious painting found in the interiors of these churches. Arbaʽǝtu Ǝnsǝsa (Mikaʼel) Gundo combines the features of two types of temples: traditional three-aisled basilicas and “open” plan basilicas. Abunä Zärʼa Buruk is an open plan temple. Kidanä Mǝḥrät Yaʽid characterizes the roughness of the forms, while retaining the common features of the three-nave plan. The temple at Pappasäyti continues to a certain extent the tradition of building church buildings in caves or in close association with rock formations. Additional relevance of the work is given by the fact that data collection in the course of field research immediately before the armed conflict in the northern Ethiopian region of Tǝgray started.
The Romanitas of Macrobius’ banquets
Authors:   University of Silesia in Katowice, Sapota Tomasz
Published: August 2023

Macrobius Ambrosius Theodosius, in his Saturnalia, draws upon the Platonic archetype in making overt allusions to the Symposium and yet follows Athenaeus, whose work he seems to know thoroughly, albeit does not acknowledge its influence openly. Besides the Greek paradigms, Macrobius used Roman models, i. e., Cicero’s dialogues, to infuse his literary banquet with Roman flavour. The author of Saturnalia was severely criticised, especially by representatives of the Quellenforschung movement in the second half of the 19th century, for allegedly being a poor plagiarist. His compilatory method is described in this article, and two other plausible Macrobius’ sources are proposed: Juvenal’s Satires and Seneca the Younger’s On Tranquility of the Mind. In Roman History Ammianus Marcellinus depicted the people inhabiting Rome of his times as degenerate parasites hostile to any form of intellectual activity who fritter away time on vulgar entertainment and obsessively overfeed themselves. Many scenes of so-called sober merriment shared by the prominent Roman personages of the IV c. AD were, in all probability, introduced to Saturnalia to counterbalance Ammianus Marcellinus’ harsh criticism of Roman morals. Macrobius’s familiarity with both Juvenal and Seneca manifests itself in the list of similes, yet, as the author of the present article proposes, there are passages in the oeuvre of both writers that may have instilled the vision of frugality typical of Romans in Macrobius’s mind, so that he may have used images borrowed from both earlier writers to Saturnalia.
Unusual meanings of Greek words on the eastern periphery of the Byzantine world: παραθήκη, κατοίκησις, συνοδία
Authors:   HSE University, Vinogradov Andrey
Published: August 2023

The author discusses the newly found Greek inscriptions from Lasica, from the basilica on Machkhomeri Hill near Khobi dated to the 6th c. CE, with three Greek words and expressions having non-standard meanings. The only possible interpretation of the expression ἔχετε ἐν παραθέκῃ (sic) that comes to mind is “to have or keep as a pledge, to have or keep entrusted” i. e. the martyrs must keep the soul of the founder Gorgonios, which he entrusted to them as a pledge of his own salvation. The standard meanings of the term κατοίκησις as “settling” or “dwelling, abode” do not correspond to the context of the list of the benefactors either as an act or as a locus, as well as the early Byzantine meaning “government, administration”. It should mean here a burial, which could be understood as a new dwelling of the body or even a shrine for the relics (probably one of the Forty Martyrs), which appeared in Machkhomeri in connection with the rebuilding of the basilica and which was placed in the martyrium in the eastern end of the southern aisle. Finally, the term συνοδία by its origin meant a “companionship on a journey”, and later became a terminus technicus for caravan; new, Byzantine meanings of this word are “Christian fellowship company of the faithful, local congregation”, “gathering, assembly for worship”, “community of religious”. But here it is an “association of lay people around an institution or an influential person, probably functioning as a group of pilgrims”.
Ὦ μωρῆς παιδίον: schedae ineditae ex ms. Vat. Pal. Gr. 92 (Pars prior)
Authors:   Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Sánchez Gonzalo Jerez
Published: August 2023

The Byzantine Empire had a long tradition of educational practices, including schedography. It became popular in the 10th century and continued to be cultivated until the 19th century, with a peak in the 13th century. In the late 19th century, scholars began to take an interest in the relevant texts. In the mid-20th century, there were attempts to study these texts as a curious kind of paraliterary production. Currently, in the 21st century, there have been editions of different schedographical collections. Schedographical texts are a very specific kind of written documents and do not fit well with the usual editorial practices. They were written to be read aloud, intended to teach, not to entertain, and generally, they do not have the aesthetic value of a literary text. Finally, these texts appear in collections of very different origins. In many cases we do not know their original context, which makes them difficult to be interpreted. In this article, 23 schedographical texts from manuscript Vat. Pal. Gr. 92 are published. This manuscript consists of 239 ff. and it was copied in the last decades of the 13th century in southern Italy. The manuscript contains more than 425 schedae. In contrast to other paratexts used in schools, the manuscript includes glosses with forms of popular Greek, such as, e. g., the use of σπίτι for “house”. A complete edition of the manuscript will certainly reveal more expressions similar to this one. 29 remaining unpublished texts will be published in the second part. The humorous phrase that heads this article, ὦ μωρῆς παιδίον, is the schedographical resolution of the phrase ὀμμ’ ὀρεῖς (glossed as ἐγείρεις) παιδίον, included in one of the schedae published here for the first time.
“But quiet was our bivouac open…”: A few words about the sources of Lermontov’s inspiration
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Pozdnev Michael M.
Published: August 2023

Establishing the sources of “Borodino” is a task with many unknowns, hardly feasible even for modern philology. Nevertheless, we do know about several components of the masterpiece: the 1829 school sketch “Le champ de Borodino” and the “Field of Borodino” composed a year or two later to some extent allow us to determine between which alternatives Lermontov was choosing. For example, the French prose text paints the night before the battle in both camps, while the author of the juvenile poem focuses on the Russian. Historicity obviously conflicts here with lyrism. Overcoming the conflict, that is, acting as a historian of the battle while remaining in the costume of its hero, works better if one represents action assumed in a given plot situation. Besides memoirs, among which the notes of F. N. Glinka and N. N. Lubenkov reveal obvious overlaps with Lermontov’s texts, the poet turns to literary models. Among the latter is the Iliad in Gnedich’s translation, which came out in 1829 and was lively discussed by literary scholars and scholars, in particular by Lermontov’s teacher A. F. Merzlyakov. Complementing the parallel with Il. 11, 523, we add to the list of sources the contrasting description of the Trojan and Achaean camps, seen through the eyes of Agamemnon (10, 11–16), especially since the author of “Le champ de Borodino” describes the behaviour of the French in almost the same terms as Homer describes the Trojans.
Verg. Aen. 9. 427: A linguist’s perspective
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Zheltova Elena V.
Published: August 2023

This article offers a linguistic commentary on the verse Verg. Aen. 9. 427 me, me, adsum qui feci, in me conuertite ferrum, in which the personal pronoun in the accusative needs interpretation. Since the time of Servius and Donatus, the opinions of commentators have been divided. Servius and his followers believe that the pronoun in the accusative is a direct complement that depends on an implied (omitted) verb like interficite, occidite, or petite, and consider this place as a rhetorical figure of aposiopesis. Donatus, on the other hand, argues that the accusative me, me is independent, while discontinuous intonation with which the whole verse must be uttered emphasizes the extreme degree of despair of Nisus, who cannot prevent the death of his beloved friend Euryalus. A review of the commentaries on the Aeneid shows that there are slightly more supporters of Donatus’ hypothesis than that of Servius’, but all of their reasoning is intuitive and does not explain why it is the syntactically independent accusative that gives the agitated sounding to Nisus’ last words. The author of the article applies the pragmatic approach to the interpretation of this place, analyzing similar examples of “non-syntactic” use of the accusative and considering both traditional and modern views on this phenomenon. As a result, the author comes to the conclusion that the verse under consideration corresponds to what in modern linguistics is called “cleft construction”. Such constructions exist in different languages and serve to express the focus of contrast. At the end of the study, the author attempts to answer the question of why Latin employs the accusative as a tool to express intense emotions.
Analyzing the role of consumer behavior in coping with intermittent supply in water distribution systems
Authors: Abhijith Gopinathan R. , Naidu Maddukuri Naveen , Boindala Sriman Pankaj , Vasan A , Ostfeld Avi
Published: August 2023

A substantial number of water distribution systems (WDS) worldwide are operated as intermittent water supply (IWS) systems, delivering water to consumers in irregular and unreliable manners. The IWS consumers commonly adapt to flexible consumption behaviors characterized by storing the limited water available during shorter supply periods in intermediate storage facilities for subsequent usage during more extended nonsupply periods. Nevertheless, the impacts of such consumer behavior on the performance of IWS systems have not been adequately addressed. Toward this direction, this article presents a novel open-source Python-based simulation tool (EPyT-IWS) for WDS, virtually acting like an IWS modeling extension of EPANET 2.2. The applicability of EPyT-IWS was demonstrated by conducting hydraulic simulations of a typical WDS with representative IWS attributes. Different IWS operation cases were considered by varying the amount and consistency of the water availability to the consumers. EPyT-IWS outputs showed that domestic storage of water within underground tanks and subsequent pumping into overhead tanks allows consumers to cope with the intermittent water availability and suitably meet their demands. Besides the interval, the clock time of the water supply was predicted to influence IWS consumers’ ability to meet water demands.
Flash drought as a new climate threat: drought indices, insights from a study in India and implications for future research
Authors: Rakkasagi Shivukumar , Poonia Vikas , Goyal Manish Kumar
Published: August 2023

A flash drought (FD) event is a relatively new form of severe occurrence, described by the quick onset and intensification of drought situations with serious consequences. This paper aims to understand the wide variety of studies and serve as a basis for future research potentials of FDs. An effort has been made to understand the advantages and limitations of the existing indices used for FD identification. A study in India was carried out for the identification of FDs using daily gridded data of soil moisture for eight days (octad). The results reveal that the Indus basin faced around 82% and the Cauvery basin faced about 88% of severe FDs during the monsoon and non-monsoon seasons, respectively. Additionally, the results show that the Indus basin faces FD in the monsoon season since the basin has mostly barren areas and wasteland. This review also highlights the role of humidity, wind and radiation, soil characteristics, climate oscillations, and the relation between FDs and heavy-rainfall-induced flash floods. Furthermore, the paper has depicted some specific research-needs to monitor, forecast, plan, and respond with crucial points.
Multi-scale flow regimes and driving forces analysis based on different models: a case study of the Wu River basin
Authors: Wang Hongxiang , Cheng Siyuan , He Ning , Huang Lintong , Yang Huan , Hong Fengtian , Ma Yinchu , Chen Wenxiong , Guo Wenxian
Published: August 2023

Quantitatively separating the influence of climate change and human activities on runoff is crucial to achieving sustainable water resource management in watersheds. This study presents a framework for quantitative assessment by integrating the indicators of hydrologic alteration, the whale optimization algorithm and random forest (WOA-RF), and the water erosion prediction (WEP-L) models. This framework quantifies the differences in hydrological conditions and their driving forces at multi-timescales (annual, seasonal, and monthly). The results indicate that the runoff of the Wu River has decreased since 2005. Climate factors were found to influence the interannual variation of runoff mainly. Meanwhile, human activities had a more significant impact in autumn, with a relative contribution rate of 59.0% (WOA-RF model) and 70.8% (WEP-L model). Monthly, the picture is more complex, with the results of the WOA-RF model indicating that climate change has a significant impact in July, August, and September (88.8%, 92.7%, and 79.3%, respectively). However, the WEP-L model results showed that the relative contribution of land use is significant in April, May, June, October, and November (51.24%, 64.23%, 63.63%, 53.16%, and 50.63%, respectively). The results of the study can be helpful for regional water allocation.
New Impulses for the Development of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization: An Academic View
Authors: Smetanin N.
Published: August 2023

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Experiencias de migración y asentamiento de jefas de familia trabajadoras agrícolas en Navolato, Sinaloa, México, desde la perspectiva de género
Authors: Tereso Ramírez Leonor , Ortiz Marín Celso
Published: August 2023

El objetivo de este artículo es comprender, desde las experiencias de jefas de familia trabajadoras agrícolas, el proceso de migración y asentamiento en la localidad de Villa Juárez, Navolato, Sinaloa, México. La metodología consistió en un estudio exploratorio y descriptivo, con enfoque cualitativo y fenomenológico; la técnica, grupo de discusión, en seis sesiones, y la muestra basada en juicio cualitativo de 12 mujeres. Los resultados muestran tres principales motivos de las mujeres migrantes jefas de familia para asentarse: el desarraigo familiar y comunitario en sus lugares de procedencia; tener hijas e hijos menores de edad, a quienes quieren proveerles de un hogar estable, y la flexibilidad laboral, que, aunque precaria, les permite conciliar sus múltiples jornadas de trabajo. Una limitación del artículo es la escasa consideración de la parte histórica del contexto de estudio; sin embargo, el trabajo puede ser original debido a que son escasas las investigaciones sobre migración y trabajo agrícola centradas en las experiencias de las jefas de familia.
Use of Albumin for Drug Delivery as a Diagnostic and Therapeutic Tool
Authors: Karami Elmira , Mesbahi Moghaddam Maryam , Kazemi-Lomedasht Fatemeh
Published: August 2023

Drug delivery is an important topic that has attracted the attention of researchers in
recent years. Albumin nanoparticles play a significant role in drug delivery as a carrier due to their
unique characteristics. Albumin is non-toxic, biocompatible, and biodegradable. Its structure is
such that it can interact with different drugs, which makes the treatment of the disease faster and
also reduces the side effects of the drug. Albumin nanoparticles can be used in the diagnosis and
treatment of many diseases, including cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer's, etc. These nanoparticles can
connect to some compounds, such as metal nanoparticles, antibodies, folate, etc. and create a powerful
nanostructure for drug delivery. In this paper, we aim to investigate albumin nanoparticles in
carrier format for drug delivery application. In the beginning, different types of albumin and their
preparation methods were discussed, and then albumin nanoparticles were discussed in detail in
diagnosing and treating various diseases.
Bibliometric Analysis of the Research Status and Global Trends in
Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia in Alzheimer’s
Disease from 2002 to 2022
Authors: Cai Haipeng , Du Ruonan , Yang Kebing , Li Wei , Wang Zhiren
Published: August 2023

Background:

Several reviews on behavioral and psychological symptoms (BPSDs) in patients
with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have summarized the current state of this field, but global trends
are unclear.

Objective:

This study utilized CiteSpace to provide a global overview of the current state of research
on AD and its BPSDs and to predict future research trends in the field.

Methods:

Data were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection. Bibliometric and cooccurrence
analyses were performed using CiteSpace software. In total, 787 valid publications were
included in the analysis.

Results:

Publications on AD and BPSD have shown an increasing trend since 2002. The United States
and the University of Toronto were the countries and institutions with the highest total number of publications,
respectively. Japan and China were the second and third most influential in the field. Clive
Ballard was the top author in terms of the number of publications. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease had
the highest number of publications on this topic. Co-occurrence analysis showed that AD, behavioral
symptoms, cognitive impairment, and early markers are hot topics in this area. Non-drug management
of BPSDs, pharmacological treatment, and physiotherapy will be a hot topic in this field in the future.

Conclusion:

Our study visualized the relevant articles over the past 21 years to detect global hotspots
and trends. Our findings may help researchers to identify research hotspots in this field and will help
in the selection of appropriate research topics, while possibly leading to cross-regional cooperation.
Probiotic Influences on Motor Skills: A Review
Authors: Lalonde Robert , Strazielle Catherine
Published: August 2023

The effects of probiotics have mostly been shown to be favorable on measures of anxiety
and stress. More recent experiments indicate single- and multi-strain probiotics in treating motorrelated
diseases. Initial studies in patients with Parkinson’s disease and Prader-Willi syndrome are
concordant with this hypothesis. In addition, probiotics improved motor coordination in normal animals
and models of Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, and spinal cord injury as well as grip
strength in hepatic encephalopathy. Further studies should delineate the most optimal bacterial profile
under each condition.
Solubility, the Main Concern for Poorly Water-soluble Drugs: Techniques and Alternatives
Authors: Singh Komal , Singh Preet Amol , Frank Amanda , Arora Saahil , Sharma Rajiv , Bajwa Neha
Published: August 2023

:

The most important variable that affects a drug's bioavailability is its aqueous solubility. One of the biggest issues facing the pharmaceutical business is improving water solubility, which is the key to improving therapeutic efficacy. During the first screening procedure, over 50% of recently created medications are discovered to be insoluble or weakly soluble. The solubility of the medicine can be increased using a variety of techniques. The method entails both chemical and physical drug modifications. Any medicine that is absorbed must be present at the absorption site in the form of a solution. Poorly soluble medications can be made more soluble using a variety of approaches, like physical and chemical alterations to the drug and other strategies. Using a surfactant, complexation, and so on are examples of solid dispersion. The choice of a solubility-improving technology is influenced by pharmacological properties, absorption sites, and the requirements for the dosage form. In order to serve as a quick reference, this study attempted to gather information on various solubility improvement methods and organize it systematically.
A Critical Review Based on Preclinical Studies of Medicinal Plants for the
Management of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Wadhawan Swati , Biswkarma Vishal Kumar , Chaudhary Anurag , Masand Priya
Published: August 2023

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative and progressive disorder
that results in damage to memory and alters thinking and behavior, which represent critical
problems the world’s aging population is faced with. Clinical symptoms of AD include cognitive
decline, loss of memory, emotional and behavioral changes, loss of motor coordination, and mental
impairments. Yet, neither a universally accepted diagnosis with respect to its pathogenesis nor an
ideal therapy is available for the management of AD. The existing drugs cause many complications
and adverse effects. Herbal drugs, supported by an abundance of traditional knowledge, may fulfill
the need as they can target the pathogenesis of AD at various destinations, both at the cellular and
molecular levels. In recent years, herbal drugs and formulations have been evaluated in preclinical
setups, especially involving rat and mouse models of AD, which have shown their memoryenhancing,
neuroprotective, and antioxidant activities. Several herbal drugs and phytochemicals
have been evaluated for their effectiveness as antioxidative agents to prevent the occurrence of oxidative
stress and ROS formation during AD pathogenesis and exhibit antiapoptotic properties by
downregulating caspase-3, DNA fragmentation, NF-κB, interleukin-1 β (IL1β), and TNF levels. In
this paper, we have primarily reviewed herbal remedies that have been recently evaluated as alternative
treatments for AD in a preclinical setup, and discussed the role of herbal medicines in the
management of AD and advances in their knowledge.
Omics and Bioinformatics for Livestock Production
Authors: Muddassir Ali Muhammad , Awan Furqan , Hamid Muhammad
Published: August 2023

Due to increasing knowledge about the function of genes and proteins in
various living organisms, the genomics of farm animals is a major concern for
researchers. Different applications like increased milk, meat, and wool production are
the main drivers of the increase in farm animal genome activities. Data about the gene
sequences of different organisms, like fish, cows etc., can be obtained from warehouses
that are expanding quickly. However, this is protected and owned by many data
processing and storage authorities. In this chapter, we will discuss genome project
measures and animal bioinformatics that increase scientists' interest in advancing
developments in the field.
Sensing of Nutrients and the State of Sensors for the mTORC1 Pathway that are Controlled by Amino Acids
Authors: Zahid Farooq Muhammad , Ishfaq Ahmad Hafiz
Published: August 2023

The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTORC1) is an expert cell production
controller which reacts to a different set of natural information sources, such as amino
acids. Various proteins have been differentiated recently to help communicate amino
acid accessibility to mTORC1. Rag guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases) transfer
amino acid accessibility to the mTORC1 duct, and the mTORC1 apprentice to the
amino acid on the Lysosome in a conventional manner. Later on, several sensors were
exposed for the amino acid-reinforced mTORC1 pathway, including Leucine, Argina,
and S-adenosyl methionine. The representation of these sensors is essential to explain
why cells change the pathways of amino acid detection requirements. Here, we survey
these new advances and feature the assortment of further inquiries that rise out of the
recognizable proof of these sensors.
Next-generation Sequencing in Veterinary Medicine Technologies to Improve Diagnosis, Control, and Management of Livestock Diseases
Authors: Ijaz Muhammad , Muddassir Ali Muhammad
Published: August 2023

Next-generation sequencing has changed the study of genetics. NGS
technology is predicted to be significant in veterinary care and animal husbandry. With
the development of modern techniques, genomes can now be sequenced considerably
more quickly and accurately. In the current review, we detail the many sequencing
techniques that are accessible and also go over a few biological topics where using
next-generation sequencing might lead to whole new directions in veterinary research.
Large volumes of genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic data may now be analysed
by researchers thanks to the advent of high throughput molecular technologies and
accompanying bioinformatics. The volume of DNA sequence information that can be
generated using Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technology is a glaring illustration
of this stage. The identification and quantification of proteins in a given sample have
also been made easier by recent advancements in high-precision mass spectrometry and
protein and peptide separation efficiency. The way biological and evolutionary
processes are investigated at the molecular level is beginning to change due to these
technological advancements, which are also being utilised to research infectious
illnesses in animals. To better understand how next-generation sequencing functions
and how it might be applied to veterinary medicine for the sake of disease management
and control, this chapter focuses on presenting existing and projected insights.
A usabilidade de ferramentas de inteligência artificial como estratégia de divulgação de coleções particulares em bibliotecas públicas
Authors: Bezerra Di Yvis Téo Calumby , Pinheiro Mayara Costa , Baia Murilo Fonseca
Published: August 2023

The article intends to identify ways of disseminating information contained in private collections existing in public libraries. Our goal is to raise tools that use Artificial Intelligence (AI)for the automation of Comics, in order to enable and disseminate the history and contents related to these collections that are present in public libraries, so that the users of these information units know the origin and the construction of these collections through the practice of collecting and storytelling tactics. The methodused in this research consists of a literature review from 2000 to 2022, in the Google Scholar search engine;of the 66,030 documents found, 14 were included. We found that the automation of comics is a very rich topic, with valuable contributions to the area of Information Science.
Folksonomia na Netflix proposta de participação dos usuários na recuperação da informação
Authors: Pinto Pedro Luca Tostes da Rocha , Felipe Carla Beatriz Marques
Published: August 2023

This article aims to bring forward and propose solutions to the problem of retrieving information on the Netflix streaming platform. Therefore, it addresses briefly the origin, evolution, and diversification of streaming platforms. Special focus is given on the platform and history of Netflix, explaining how they are generally consumed by society. Comparison is made between retrievaltechnologies and information representation used in streaming platforms and folksonomy. It exemplifies situations in which these technologies do not work as expected and presents information about hashtags and their emergence. Describes how folksonomy works. It is characterized as an exploratory, descriptive, bibliographical, documentary research with a qualitativeapproach. The results show that it is possible for the user to contribute to the retrievalof information using folksonomy. In conclusion, it presents a proposal for improvements for the retrieval of information on streaming platforms with the help of folksonomy.
Vender o passado com futuro comunicação, marketing e gestão dos museus de arte e tendências de financiamento
Authors: Faustino João Paulo
Published: August 2023

The aim is to identify trends in funding sources for museums as an integral part of the business model and management strategies of museums. The methodology applied in this article is mainly based, on the one hand, on the literature review (magazines, newspapers and technical and scientific publications); and, on the other hand, on content analysis and case studies, with the bulk of the information predicated on analysis ofthe account reportsof twenty-four museums from three continents. Empirical research results show that museums are trying to diversify revenue sources to ensure their economic and financial sustainability. This work also made it possible to identify some other trends in terms of museum management, with particular focus on marketing, internationalisation, and digitalization practices.