bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lidl will fair handeln
Authors: Stockburger Manfred
Published: May 2022

Nachhaltigkeit ist beim Schwarz-Discounter nicht verhandelbar. CSR-Geschäftsführer Stefan Haensel und Einkaufsvorstand Christoph Pohl erklären im LZ-Gespräch, warum das so ist.
„Wir reduzieren Komplexität“
Authors: Kühn Iki
Published: May 2022

Rainer Plum, Vorstandsmitglied der Reformhaus Genossenschaft sieht die Stärke der Reformhäuser in der Beratung und erklärt, warum er eine Kooperation mit Supermärkten selten für erfolgversprechend hält.
Roboter dringen auf die Fläche vor
Authors: Giuri Maurizio
Published: May 2022

In der Produktion und Logistik sind Roboter bei vielen Firmen nicht mehr wegzudenken. Auf der Fläche tun sich die Helfer dagegen bislang schwer. Die Weiterentwicklung von Service-Robotern wie Pepper soll dem Segment einen neuen Schub bringen. Bereits erfolgreicher läuft es für Inventur-Roboter, die nach Ladenschluss durch die Gänge rollen.
Das Klima im Blick
Authors: Heimig Dieter
Published: May 2022

In diesen schwierigen Zeiten engagieren sich die Unternehmen in Hamburg und Schleswig-Holstein weiterhin für den Klima- und Umweltschutz. Ein wichtiges Thema ist die Verringerung des CO2-Ausstoßes.
Foodactive fördert den Dialog
Authors: Heimig Dieter
Published: May 2022

Das Netzwerk Foodactive organisiert verschiedene Veranstaltungen und hat Arbeitsgruppen etabliert. Diese nutzen die Mitglieder für einen intensiven Erfahrungsaustausch.
Moin profiliert sich mit Bio
Authors: Heimig Dieter
Published: May 2022

Die Moin Bio Backwaren GmbH vermarktet ihre Produkte fast ausschließlich über den Fachhandel.
Flensburger Brauerei baut Kapazitäten aus
Authors: Heimig Dieter
Published: May 2022

Die Flensburger Brauerei befindet sich weiterhin auf Wachstumskurs und stellt gerade die Weichen für die Zukunft.
Empack 2022: Positive Aufbruchstimmung / Ausgewählte Neuheiten der Aussteller an der Empack 2022
Authors: Geiger Michaela
Published: May 2022

Zur 13. Ausgabe der Empack vom 30. bis 31. März 2022 kamen rund 2800 Besucher nach Bern. 77 Aussteller zeigten spannende Neuheiten und in Fachvorträgen informierten Referenten über aktuelle Entwicklungen zu Trendthemen wie Nachhaltigkeit, Kreislaufwirtschaft und Klimaschutz.
Qualität statt Quantität
Authors: Hofnagel Dagmar
Published: May 2022

Celle. Die Stickstoffeffizienz von Weizen wird für die Sortenwahl künftig an Bedeutung gewinnen. Dagegen sollte der Proteingehalt als das zentrale Qualitätskriterium in der Vermarktung abgelöst werden.
Russlands Überfall auf die Ukraine wird zum Game-Changer
Authors: Dänzer Dieter
Published: May 2022

Frankfurt a.M. Nach mehr als zwei Jahre andauernden coronabedingten Zulieferer- und Logistik-Engpässen ist man fast geneigt zu sagen, dass sich die Hersteller von Landmaschinen und deren Vertriebspartner mehr oder weniger gut damit arrangiert hatten. Zumindest galt dies bis zum Kriegsbeginn in der Ukraine am 24. Februar.
Große Mehrheit nutzt Lenksysteme
Authors: Dänzer Dieter
Published: May 2022

Frankfurt a.M. Die Trendstudie zeigt, dass die Digitalisierung derzeit vor allem für Großbetriebe ein Thema ist. Darauf deutet zumindest ein Blick auf die im Schnitt 356 ha Fläche hin, die von den Umfrageteilnehmern bewirtschaftet werden.
Akademiker auf dem Acker
Authors: Brust Martin
Published: May 2022

Das Klischee vom Bauern, der in Karohemd, Overall und Gummistiefeln über den Acker stapft, ist weit entfernt vom Hörsaal einer Universität. Aber Klischees zeigen höchstens die halbe Wahrheit. In Deutschland gibt es an mehr als einem Dutzend Hochschulen über 40 Studiengänge mit Agrarbezug.
The therapeutic efficacy of dry needling latent myofascial trigger points
Authors:   , Wilks Candice Lara
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of dry needling latent myofascial trigger points, in the treatment of Myofascial Pain Syndrome. The study was a prospective, randomized placebo controlled study. Sixty patients, between the ages of 18-60, from the greater Durban area participated in the study. They underwent a case history, relevant physical examination and a cervical spine examination. The sixty subjects were randomly allocated into two groups of thirty. Group one received sham/ placebo needling while group two received dry needling, after being diagnosed systematically as suffering from latent myofascial trigger points of the trapezius and/or the levator scapulae muscle/muscles. Each patient received two treatments within a week with a one-week follow-up. Subjective and objective measures were taken at all three visits. Subjective data was obtained from the Numerical Pain Rating Scale 101 and objective data was obtained from the use of the algometer. This data was used to perform statistical analysis using parametric unpaired and paired t-tests to compare inter- and intra-group data respectively, at a 95% level of confidence.
A comparative study of the nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of Kalium Bichromicum 12CH manufactured from 3CH and 4CH triturations respectively
Authors:   , Botha Izel
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this study was to compare the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectra of Kalium Bichromicum 12CH, which have been potentised using Hahnemannian methods, from initial 3CH trituration or 4CH trituration.
A complex for monitoring the state of livestock and mechanization for poultry houses in household plots
Authors:   Voronezh State Agrarian University, Sudakov Alexander , Andrianov Evgeniy , Andrianov Aleksey
Published: May 2022

The results of an experiment on studying the possibilities of controlling the functioning of poultry house equipment in household plots and the state of the poultry population by placing a complex of electronic sensors controlled by a microcontroller in the poultry house are presented. Data is stored on a remote server. As a result of long-term monitoring, the sensitivity of the complex to identifying dependencies between the conditions of keeping, behavior and performance indicators of the livestock was established. Keywords: CONDITIONS OF DETENTION, EQUIPMENT, POULTRY FARMING, MONITORING
The Autonomous Vehicle: Implementation and Issues
Authors: Бобровская О. П. , Гавриленко Т. В.
Published: May 2022

В статье описано, каким образом сейчас решается задача создания беспилотного автомобиля. Приведена классификация степени автоматизации вождения, выделяющая 6 уровней автономности, начиная от полного отсутствия автоматизации до полностью автономного автомобиля. Описаны основные составляющие технологии автопилота: карты высокого разрешения, восприятие, локализация, прогнозирование, планирование, контроль. Рассмотрена информация из открытых источников о 9 компаниях, занимающих разработкой автопилота от 0-го до 5-го уровня автономности. Отмечены ошибки, допускаемые тестируемыми и эксплуатируемыми решениями на текущем этапе развития технологий автономного вождения. Выделены проблемы, еще не решенные в данной области.

The paper considers the autonomous vehicle development. Six autonomous driving levels are listed ranging from manual driving to a fully autonomous vehicle. The key autopilot components are presented: high-resolution maps, perception, localization, prediction, planning, control. Open-source information about 9 companies engaged in Level 0 to Level 5 autopilot development is reviewed. Errors found in the tested and operating solutions at the current stage of autonomous driving technology development are noted. The problems not yet solved are identified. 
Cauchy Problem Solvability with the Data Specified on the Rectangle Boundary for a One-Dimensional Parabolic Equation
Authors: Пятков С. Г.
Published: May 2022

Рассматривается одномерное параболическое уравнение в прямоугольнике (0,T)× (a,b), на одной из боковых сторон которого заданы данные Коши, а также задано условие Коши в начальный момент времени. Решение этой задачи ищется в пространстве Соболева. Построен класс данных, для которого решение задачи Коши с данными Коши на боковой поверхности прямоугольника существует и единственно. Класс является минимальным, т. е. условия гладкости на данные нельзя ослабить, они необходимы и достаточны для существования решений в данном классе Соболева. Решение является регулярным, это означает, что все производные, входящие в уравнение, принадлежат пространству L2. Задача сама по себе некорректна по Адамару. Математические модели такого типа возникают при описании процессов тепломассопереноса. Имеется большое количество работ, посвященных задачам такого типа, как в одномерном, так и в многомерном случае. В литературе основное внимание уделено численному решению задачи, поскольку она возникает во многих приложениях. Кроме того, известны теоремы единственности решений, оценки устойчивости решений и теоремы существования решений в классах Хольгрена. Мы немного уточняем последние результаты и получаем теорему существования решений в классах конечной гладкости.

We consider a one-dimensional parabolic equation in the (0,T) × (a,b) rectangle. The Cauchy data are specified on one of its lateral sides. The Cauchy condition is also specified at the initial moment. The solution to this problem is sought in the Sobolev space. A data class was constructed for which there is a unique solution to the Cauchy problem with the Cauchy data specified on the lateral side of the rectangle. The class is minimal, i. e., the smoothness conditions applied to the data cannot be weakened. They are necessary and sufficient for the existence of solutions in a given Sobolev class. The solution is regular which means that all derivatives in the equation belong to L2 space. The problem is ill-posed in the Hadamard sense. Mathematical models of this type arise when describing heat and mass transfer. There are many papers on such problems for both one-dimensional and multidimensional cases. The available sources mostly focus on numerical solutions, since the problem is found in many applications. Besides, there are uniqueness theorems and stability estimates, and existence theorems for solutions in Holmgren’s classes. We slightly refined the recent results and obtained an existence theorem for solutions in finite smoothness classes. 
THE IMPORTANCE OF ASSESSING THE MENTAL STATE OF PATIENTS BEFORE PERFORMING BARIATRIC SURGERIES (WITH A DESCRIPTION OF THE CLINICAL CASE)
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, E.G. Rekun , S.N. Shubina ,   Belarusian State Medical University, I.A. Khrushch ,   Belarusian State Medical University, N.N. Doroh ,   4 City Clinical Hospital named after N.E. Savchenko
Published: May 2022

Nowadays an increasingly serious problem of obesity leads not only to early disability , but also to death. This article provides a literature review of the Bariatric Surgery for Metabolic Syndrome in Obesity. Some statistical data of the number of identified mental disorders of the City Center for Herniology and Bariatric Surgery patients are indicated in this article. The aim of the research work is the discussion on the need for assessment by psychiatrists the mental status of such patients before performing these operations also the need for psychological support. The authors describe a clinical case of a patient with bulimia nervosa, demonstrating the exceptional role of the work of a psychiatrist during a preoperative examination. The importance of careful selection of patients for bariatric surgeries, taking into account their mental state, is emphasized.
CENTRAL PONTINE AND EXTRAPONTINE MYELINOLYSIS ON THE BACKGROUND OF ALCOHOL WITHDRAWAL AND RAPID CORRECTION OF CHRONIC HYPONATREMIA ASSOCIATED WITH HYPOKALIEMIA. APPLICATION OF IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE THERAPY (CLINICAL CASE AND BRIEF LITERATURE REVIEW)
Authors:   6th City Clinical Hospital of Minsk, M.A. Terenin , S.G. Luchanova ,   6th City Clinical Hospital of Minsk, D.M. Rykovskii ,   6th City Clinical Hospital of Minsk, N.N. Zheldak ,   6th City Clinical Hospital of Minsk, L.A. Mrochko ,   6th City Clinical Hospital of Minsk, V.V. Orlova ,   6th City Clinical Hospital of Minsk, M.A. Dybal ,   6th City Clinical Hospital of Minsk, I.Z. Ialonetskii ,   Belarusian State Medical University, V.Th. Kuznetsov ,   6th City Clinical Hospital of Minsk
Published: May 2022

Central pontine and extrapontine myelinolysis, as components of the osmotic demyelination syndrome, is a rare and dangerous form of an unexplained demyelinating process. The most common cause of this pathology is the rapid correction of serum sodium. This article presents an analysis of a clinical case of a 37-year-old patient with a history of alcohol dependence, which developed central pontine and extrapontine myelinolysis against the background of alcohol withdrawal and rapid correction of chronic hypoosmolar hyponatremia associated with hypokalemia. The effectiveness of the use of immunosuppressive therapy for this demyelinating disease has also been demonstrated in practice. The article provides brief information on etiopathogenesis, risk factors, prognosis, diagnosis and treatment of osmotic demyelination syndrome based on a literature review in the eLibrary system, PubMed, Google library.
PRACTICAL APPLICATION OF THE EXPRESS METHOD OF CYTOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF THE WOUND PROCESS CURRENT IN GUNSHOT INJURIES OF THE LIMBS
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, D.G. Tereshko , A.P. Trukhan ,   432 Order of the Red Star Main Military Clinical Medical Center, T.A. Letkovskaya ,   Belarusian State Medical University
Published: May 2022

The article presents the results of the practical application of the rapid method of cytological assessment of the course of the wound process in case of gunshot injuries of the extremities. 10 wounds were subject to analysis. To establish the phase of the wound process and objectively assess changes in the cellular composition of the wound, the developed express method of cytological diagnostics was used. Express assessment of cytograms on days 1-3 after injury indicated a consistent course of the first phase of the wound process with a predominance of necrotic and degenerative types. The timeliness of the primary surgical treatment and the absence of infectious complications from the side of the wounds made it possible to close them by applying a delayed primary suture. All wounds, in accordance with the identified type of cytogram (inflammatory-regenerative and regenerative-inflammatory) were closed on the fifth or sixth day. It was found that the use of the developed technique is rational in 4-6 days after injury to determine the optimal timing of the possibility of wound closure with a primary delayed suture. The developed method of rapid assessment of the course of the wound process makes it possible to objectively assess the dynamics of wound healing and determine the optimal timing of its closure, which is of great practical importance.
HISTORY OF BELARUSIAN HOSPITAL ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE LIDA No. 671 MILITARY HOSPITAL (To the 80th anniversary of the establishment of the hospital)
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, O.S. Ishutin , A.P. Rulko ,   Military Unit 22313
Published: May 2022

The article presents the main historical milestones associated with the emergence, formation and functioning of institutions of civil and military health care in the Lida region of Belarus over the past 200 years. Including the formation 100 years ago of the Lida city hospital and 80 years ago of the military hospital No. 671 (Lida).
TO THE 100-TH ANNIVERSARY FROM BIRTH OF BELYAKOV VITALY DMITRIEVICH. Message 2. THE PROGRESS OF SCIENCE AND THE EVOLUTION OF THE SCIENTIST
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, S.M. Lebedev , G.N. Chistenko ,   Belarusian State Medical University, I.V. Fedorova ,   Belarusian State Medical University
Published: May 2022

The article is devoted to the scientific activity of the epidemiologist, Doctor of Medical Sciences, professor, academician, Major General of the medical service Vitaly Dmitrievich Belyakov. The main stages of the scientific path of academician V. D. Belyakov are traced, his merits in the development of epidemiology and medicine in general are noted. V. D. Belyakov was a reformer and innovator in the field of epidemiological practice and education in the field of all preventive medicine. A significant achievement in the management of anti-epidemic activities was the concept of epidemiological surveillance developed by the academician. The article presents the role of Academician Vitaly Dmitrievich Belyakov in the development of epidemiological science as a diagnostic and preventive discipline. Possible ways of further development of V. D. Belyakov's ideas and their implementation in medical scientific, practical and pedagogical activities are considered.
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF HOSPITALIZED VARICOSE DISEASE IN MEGAPOLIS
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, Yu.V. Kuzmin , S.A. Zhidkov ,   Belarusian State Medical University, A.S. Zhidkov ,   Belarusian State Medical University, A.A. Samson ,   Republican Scientific and Practical Center Cardiology
Published: May 2022

Chronic venous insufficiency of the lower extremities is currently one of the most common pathologies of the human vascular system and represents an important socio-economic problem for developed countries both due to its high prevalence and due to the cost of diagnosis and treatment. In the medical literature, the analysis of treated patients in a hospital is limited only to a certain contingent of patients in a given hospital or to the study of specific degrees of chronic venous insufficiency. We did not find data on the hospitalized morbidity of varicose veins, which would indicate its structure, in the literature available to us. We studied 10326 statistical maps and case histories of patients with varicose veins with venous insufficiency C2-C6 according to CEAP classification, treated from 2010 to 2019 in the city vascular center operating on the basis of the city clinical hospital of Minsk, all patients underwent various surgical procedures. interference. The structure of hospitalized morbidity, its growth over the years, the influence of the age of men and women on the development of chronic venous insufficiency are shown. The main reasons for the development of chronic venous insufficiency have been analyzed.
DIABETES MTLLITUS AND COVID-19: DEADLY ALLIANCE OF TWO PANDEMICS. STRATEGISE FOR IMPROVING FORECAST (Part 2)
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, Y.M. Hromava , A.A. Bova ,   Belarusian State Medical University
Published: May 2022

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common comorbidities in patients with COVID-19. The complex bidirectional cross impact of both diseases leads to the severity and an increased risk of mortality in patients with coronavirus infection. The clinical experience of specialists in many countries has led to the development of optimal algorithms for the management of diabetic patients in pandemic conditions.
MEROPRITIA AIMED AT REDUCING COMPLICATIONS AND FATALITIES IN STAB-CUT NECK WOUNDS
Authors: V.V. Masljakov , S.A. Sidelnikov , V.V. Voronov , A.V. Mihnevich , A.V. Kulikov
Published: May 2022

The article presents the results of the analysis of the main causes that led to the development of complications and fatalities in patients with stab-cut neck wounds. It has been established that in order to reduce the number of complications and deaths in stab wounds to the neck, the wounded should be delivered to a medical institution as quickly as possible for surgical treatment. It is necessary to competently and fully perform medical care at the pre-hospital stage for stab wounds. To reduce complications and fatalities when a wounded person enters in a serious or extremely serious condition, it is necessary to use Damage Control tactics more widely.
Comparison of OCO-2 target observations to MUCCnet – Is it possible to capture urban XCO2 gradients from space?
Authors: Rißmann Maximilian , Chen Jia , Osterman Gregory , Dietrich Florian , Makowski Moritz , Zhao Xinxu , Hase Frank , Kiel Matthäus
Published: May 2022

Abstract. In this paper, we compare Orbiting Carbon Observatory 2 (OCO-2)’s measurements of column-averaged dry air mole fractions of CO2 (XCO2) and its urban-rural differences against ground-based remote sensing data measured by the Munich Urban Carbon Column network (MUCCnet). Since April 2020, OCO-2 regularly conducts target observations in Munich, Germany. Its target mode data provides high resolution XCO2 within a 15 km×20 km target field-of-view, that is greatly suited for carbon emission studies from space in cities and agglomerated areas. OCO-2 detects urban XCO2 with a RMSD of less than 1 ppm when compared to the MUCCnet reference site. OCO-2 target XCO2 is biased high against the ground-based measurements. The close proximity of MUCCnet’s five fully automated remote sensing sites enables us to compare space-borne and ground-based XCO2 in three urban areas of Munich separately (centre, north, and west), by dividing the target field into three smaller comparison domains. Due to this more constraint collocation, we observe improved agreement between space-borne10and ground-based XCO2 in all three comparison domains. For the first time, XCO2 gradients within one OCO-2 target field-of-view are evaluated against ground-based measurements. We compare XCO2 gradients in the OCO-2 target observations to gradients captured by collocated MUCCnet sites. Generally, OCO-2 detects elevated XCO2 in the same regions as the ground-based monitoring network. More than 90 % of the observed space-borne gradients have the same orientation as the XCO2 gradients measured by MUCCnet. During our study, urban-rural enhancements are found to be in the range of 0.1 to 1 ppm. The low urban-rural gradients of typically well below 1 ppm in Munich during our study allow us to test OCO-2’s lower detection limits for intra-urban XCO2 gradients. Urban XCO2 gradients recorded by the OCO-2 instruments and MUCCnet are strongly correlated (R2 = 0.6752) with each other and have an RMSD of 0.32 ppm. A case study, which includes a comparison of one OCO-2 target overpass to WRF-GHG modeled XCO2, reveals a similar distribution of enhanced CO2 column abundances in Munich. In this study, we address OCO-2’s capability of detecting small-scale spatial XCO2 differences within one target observation. Our results suggest OCO-2’s potential of assessing anthropogenic emissions from space.
Variation in calcification of Reticulofenestra coccoliths over the Oligocene-Early Miocene
Authors: Guitián José , Fuertes Miguel Ángel , Flores José-Abel , Hernández-Almeida Iván , Stoll Heather
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Coccolithophores are calcifying marine phytoplankton whose intracellularly produced calcite plates, or coccoliths, have been the dominant source of calcium carbonate in open ocean settings since the Cretaceous. An open question is whether their calcification has been affected by variation in environmental parameters such as the ocean carbon system over geological timescales. Previous methods using circular polarized light microscopy allowed only the thickness of small coccoliths thinner than 1.5 microns to be quantified but prior to the Pliocene, a significant fraction of the coccoliths exceed this thickness and have not been quantifiable. Here, we implement a new approach for calibration of circular polarized light microscopy enabling us to quantify coccoliths which feature calcite up to 3 microns thick. We apply this technique to evaluate the evolution of calcification in the Reticulofenestra from the Early Oligocene to Early Miocene in exceptionally well-preserved sediments from the Newfoundland margin. Through this time interval, coccolith thickness and the scale-invariant shape factor kse vary by about 20 % around the mean thickness of 0.37 µm and mean kse of 0.16. Lower shape factors characterize samples with higher relative abundance of dissolution-resistant nannoliths, suggesting that dissolution may contribute to thinning of placoliths. We therefore define temporal trends in calcification only in samples in which the assemblage suggests minimal dissolution. Lowest kse characterizes the Middle Oligocene, and highest kse around 18 Ma in the Early Miocene. High ocean DIC concentrations have been proposed for this period of the Miocene, and may be one factor contributing to high coccolith kse.
The Climate Impact of Hypersonic Transport
Authors: Pletzer Johannes Friedrich , Hauglustaine Didier , Cohen Yann , Jöckel Patrick , Grewe Volker
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Hypersonic aircraft ﬂying at Mach 5 to 8 are a means for travelling very long distances in extremely short times and even signiﬁcantly faster than supersonic transport (Mach 1.5 to 2.5). Fueled with liquid hydrogen (LH2) their emissions consist of water vapour (H2O), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and unburnt hydrogen. If LH2 is produced in a climate- and carbon neutral manner, carbon dioxide does not have to be included when calculating the climate footprint. While H2O that is emitted near the surface has a very short residence time (hours) and thereby no considerable climate impact, super- and hypersonic aviation emit at very high altitudes (15 km to 35 km), with residence times of months to several years, and therefore the emitted H2O has a substantial impact on climate via high altitude H2O changes. Since the (photo-)chemical lifetime of H2O is largely decreasing at altitudes above 30 km via the reaction with O(1D) and via photolysis, one could speculate that H2O climate impact from hypersonics ﬂying above 30 km becomes smaller with higher cruise altitude. Here we use two state-of-the-art chemistry-climate models and a climate response model to investigate atmospheric changes and respective climate impacts due to two potential hypersonic ﬂeets ﬂying at 26 km and 35 km, respectively. We show for the ﬁrst time that the (photo-)chemical H2O depletion at high altitudes is overcompensated by a recombination of hydroxyl radicals to H2O and an enhanced methane depletion, leading to an increase in H2O concentrations. This results in a steady increase of the H2O perturbation lifetime of up to 4.41 ± 0.20 years at 35 km. We ﬁnd a 0.083 ± 0.014 % and 0.16 ± 0.015 % depletion of the ozone layer and a 43.0 ± 4.8 Tg and 94.0 ± 4.5 Tg increase in stratospheric H2O due to the two hypersonic ﬂeets ﬂying at 26 km and 35 km respectively. Our calculations show that the climate impact of hypersonic transport is estimated to be roughly 8–20 times larger than a subsonic reference aircraft with the same transport volume (revenue passenger kilometers) and that the main contribution stems from H2O.
Spatiotemporal changes in the boreal forest in Siberia over the period 1985–2015 against the background of climate change
Authors: Fu Wenxue , Tian Lei , Tao Yu
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Climate change has been proven to be an indisputable fact and to be occurring at a faster rate in boreal forest areas. Climate change has been observed to have a strong influence on forests; however, until now, the amount of quantitative information on the climate drivers that are producing changes in boreal forest is limited. The objectives of this work were to quantify the spatiotemporal characteristics of boreal forest and forest species and to find the significant climate drivers that are producing changes in boreal forest. The boreal forest in Krasnoyarskiy Kray, Siberia, Russia, which lies within the latitude range 51° N–69° N, was selected as the study area. The distribution of the boreal forest and forest species in the years 1985, 1995, 2005 and 2015 were derived from a series of Landsat data. The spatiotemporal changes in the boreal forest and species that occurred over each ten-year period within each 2° latitudinal zone between 51° N and 69° N from 1985 to 2015 were then comprehensive analyzed. The results show that the total area of forest increased over the study period and that the increase was fastest in the high-latitude zone between 63° N and 69° N. The increases in the areas of broad-leaved and coniferous forests were found to have different characteristics. In the medium-latitude zone between 57° N and 63° N in particular, the area of broad-leaved forest grew faster than that of the coniferous forest. Finally, the influence of the climate factors of temperature and precipitation on changes in the forests was analyzed. The results indicate that temperature rather than precipitation is the main climate factor that is driving change.
DEVELOPMENT OF AUTOMATED SATELLITE DATA DOWNLOADING AND PROCESSING PIPELINE ON AWS CLOUD FOR NEAR-REAL-TIME AGRICULTURE APPLICATIONS
Authors: Pandit A. , Sawant S. A. , Agrawal R. , Mohite J. D. , Pappula S.
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Remote sensing satellites allow users to acquire detailed information about the Earth's surface on a temporal basis. Widen time-series analysis at a large geographical scale involves a huge amount (in Terabytes) of satellite data downloading and processing operations. Such processes need good computational power, large storage, and sophisticated tools. Maintaining such infrastructure can cost heavily to the research/commercial enterprises. To overcome such issues, Amazon Web Service (AWS) offers a sophisticated cloud computing environment. We developed an in-house automated satellite data downloading and processing (ADDPro) pipeline on the AWS platform. The ADDPro pipeline employed Sentinel-2 satellite data to offer current and relative vegetation health information of the agriculture region on a temporal basis at the pan-India scale. Image compositing and multi-sensor data fusion technique have been incorporated into the ADDPro pipeline to produce cloud-free raster (GeoTIFF) outputs. ADDPro pipeline also facilitates lossless raster data compression, which reduces AWS data transfer costs between regions. Data compression also aids in reducing raster publishing time on GeoServer. Operationally, AWS allows users to download only the bands required to generate a certain index (e.g. NDVI) rather than the entire Sentinel-2 data package. The entire ADDPro pipeline is extremely cost-effective, efficient, and scalable.
COMPARISON AND EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT GIS SOFTWARE TOOLS TO ESTIMATE SOLAR IRRADIATION
Authors: Giannelli D. , León-Sánchez C. , Agugiaro G.
Published: May 2022

Abstract. In this paper, five commonly used software tools to estimate solar radiation in the urban context (GRASS GIS, ArcGIS, SimStadt, CitySim and Ladybug) are run on the same test site and are compared in terms of input data requirements, usability, and accuracy of the results. Spatial and weather data have been collected for an area located in the Brazilian city of São Paulo, in the district of Santana. The test area surrounds a weather station, for which meteorological data of the last 15 years have been collected and used as ground truth when analysing and comparing the simulation results. In terms of spatial data, raster- and vector-based models of the study area have been generated in order to comply with the different input requirements. More specifically, in the case of the vector-based tools (SimStadt, CitySim and Ladybug), a common 3D model based on CityGML and containing buildings, vegetation (trees) and terrain has been generated and used as a common urban model. The paper presents the findings and discusses the results not only from a numerical point of view, but also from the perspective of the overall usability of the software in terms of data requirements, simulation time and task automatisation.
Quantifying the extremeness of precipitation across scales
Authors: Voit Paul , Heistermann Maik
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Quantifying the extremeness of a heavy precipitation event is important to compare different events, to analyze trends in frequency and amplitude, and to understand related impacts on the ground. While such impacts depend on the event’s spatial extent and duration, many indices neglect at least one of these aspects. In 2014, however, Müller and Kaspar suggested, in this journal, the weather extremity index (WEI) which quantifies not only the extremeness of an event, but identifies the spatial and temporal scale at which the event was most extreme. While the WEI is informative, it does not account for the fact that an event can be extreme at various spatial and temporal scales. Such an event could trigger – simultaneously or subsequently – different kinds of processes and related impacts, such as flash floods and large-scale fluvial floods, which can overlay and amplify each other, so that they essentially become compound events. To better understand and detect the compound nature of precipitation events, we suggest to complement the original WEI, and refer to this complement as the "cross-scale weather extremity index" (xWEI). Unlike the original WEI index, xWEI does not aim to detect the spatio-temporal scale of maximum extremeness, but to integrate extremeness over relevant scales. Based on a set of 101 extreme precipitation events in Germany, we outline and demonstrate the computation of both indices, WEI and xWEI, and analyse how the choice of an index affects the rating and ranking of these events. To that end, we use hourly radar-based precipitation estimates for all of Germany at a spatial resolution of 1 x 1 km, available since 2001. We find that the choice of the index can lead to considerable differences in the assessment of past events, but that the most extreme events are ranked consistently, independently of the index. Even for these cases, though, the xWEI index can reveal cross-scale properties which would otherwise remain hidden. Among the analysed events was also the disastrous precipitation event from July 2021 which devastated large parts of western Germany. This event outranks all other analysed events by far – both with regard to WEI and xWEI. While demonstrating the added value of the cross-scale index, we also identify various methodological challenges along the required computational workflow: these include the parameter estimation for the extreme value distributions, the definition of maximum spatial extent and temporal duration, as well as the weighting of extremeness at different scales. These challenges, however, also represent opportunities to adjust the retrieval of WEI and xWEI to specific user requirements and application scenarios. We conclude that the proposed cross-scale extremity index can provide substantial complementary information to existing indices, and could hence be a valuable instrument in both disaster risk management and research.
Inter-comparison and evaluation of Arctic sea ice type products
Authors: Ye Yufang , Luo Yanbing , Sun Yan , Shokr Mohammed , Aaboe Signe , Girard-Ardhuin Fanny , Hui Fengming , Cheng Xiao , Chen Zhuoqi
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Arctic sea ice type (SIT) variation is a sensitive indicator of climate change. However, systematic inter-comparison and analysis for SIT products are lacking. This study analyzed nine SIT products from five SIT retrieval approaches covering the winters from 1999 to 2018. These SIT products were inter-compared towards sea ice age product and evaluated with Synthetic Aperture Radar images. Among all, the largest daily Arctic multiyear ice (MYI) extent difference reaches 4.5× 106 km2, while that in monthly data varies between 0.6× 103 km2 and 3.6× 106 km2. Overall speaking, the Zhang- and KNMI-SIT products based on Ku-band scatterometer perform the best. However, when using C-band scatterometer, KNMI-SIT shows overestimation of MYI in the early winter, and Zhang-SIT shows underestimation with anomalous fluctuations. C3S- and OSISAF-SIT show large daily variability. IFREMER-SIT generally underestimates MYI. Factors that could impact their performances are analyzed and summarized: (1) Ku-band scatterometer generally performs better than C-band scatterometer on SIT discrimination, while the latter sometimes identifies first-year ice (FYI) more accurately, especially when FYI and MYI are highly mixed. (2) Simple combination of scatterometer and radiometer data is not always beneficial, e.g. under circumstances with strong atmospheric influence on microwave signatures. (3) The representativeness of training data and efficiency of classification are crucial for SIT classification. Spatial and temporal variation of characteristic training dataset should be well accounted in the SIT method. Additionally, the change of separation pattern of microwave data could influence the adaptive classification method. (4) Post-processing corrections play important roles and should be considered with caution.
On the periodicity of free oscillations for a finite ice column
Authors: Moreno Daniel , Robinson Alexander , Montoya Marisa , Alvarez-Solas Jorge
Published: May 2022

Abstract. The temperature distribution in ice sheets is worthy of attention given the strong relation with ice dynamics and the intrinsic information about past surface temperature variations. Here we refine the classical analysis of free oscillations in an ice sheet by analytically solving the thermal evolution of an ice column. In so doing, we provide analytical solutions to the one-dimensional Fourier heat equation over a finite motionless ice column for a general boundary condition problem. The time evolution of the temperature profiles appears to be strongly dependent on the column thickness L and largely differs from previous studies that assumed an infinite column thickness. Consequently, the time required for the column base to thaw depends on several factors: the ice column thickness L, the initial temperature profile and the boundary conditions. This timescale is classically considered to be the period of a binge-purge oscillator, a potential mechanism behind the Heinrich Events. Our analytical solutions show a broad range of periods for medium-size column thicknesses. In the limit of L → ∞, the particular values of the prescribed temperature at the top of the column become irrelevant and the reference value of ~7000 years, previously estimated for an idealised infinite domain, is retrieved. More generally, we prove that solutions with different upper boundary conditions, yet covered by our formulation, converge to the same result in such a limit. These results ultimately manifest a subtle connection between internal free and externally-driven (in the sense of a time-dependent boundary condition at the top) mechanisms caused by the finitude of the domain. Thermomechanical instabilities, inherent to internal free oscillations, are in fact sensitive to the particular climatic forcing imposed as a boundary condition at the top of the ice column. Lastly, analytical solutions herein presented are applicable in any context where our general boundary problem is satisfied.
Ranking bibliométrico internacional Scimago: una realidad para las universidades peruanas
Authors: Kuong Morales Meili , Kuong Morales Shiuli
Published: May 2022

La investigación científica se ha convertido en uno de los temas más importantes para las universidades, especialmente para el Perú, con avances significativos en términos de producción científica. Este artículo tiene como objetivo determinar la posición que ocupan las universidades más representativas del Perú frente a las universidades de Latinoamérica, según el Ranking Institucional Scimago. La metodología se fundamenta en la Bibliometría, el diseño es cuantitativo con el análisis documental recopilado de la literatura nacional e internacional. Se ha obtenido que dentro de los 10 primeros lugares en el Ranking de Latinoamérica, no aparece ninguna universidad peruana; sin embargo desde el puesto 37 hacia adelante aparecen las primeras universidades, siendo la primera la Universidad Cayetano Heredia. En conclusión, es un gran avance para las universidades peruanas aparecer en el ranking general de los países de Latinoamérica; si bien es cierto no en los primeros lugares, pero si con una presencia ascendente, lo que demuestra su interés investigativo.
Ética de la convivencia humana: un desafío empresarial en tiempos de pandemia
Authors: Seijo Cristina , Muñoz Helmer
Published: May 2022

Los cambios exigen una nueva realidad significativamente alterada que obligan a las organizaciones a transformarse producto del futuro incierto y de la necesidad de avanzar ante la situación pandémica que azota mundialmente nuestra sociedad. El objetivo del presente trabajo consiste en presentar un análisis de la ética de la convivencia humana realizando una revisión de carácter documental. Los resultados indican la conveniencia de establecer elementos para afrontar la situación pandémica, la mentalidad necesita redireccionarse ante el dilema de trascender ante las presiones inmediatas para centrarse en la ingeniería estratégica de un futuro exitoso, adoptar conocimientos analíticos, herramientas digitales, conformación de toda la fuerza laboral y prácticas inspiradas por un propósito. Las conclusiones enfatizan las posibilidades del surgimiento de líderes que agreguen valor y aportes en su función empresarial.
PENGEMBANGAN BUKU AJAR DENGAN GAYA BAHASA LOKAL SEHARI-HARI SUMBA BARAT DAYA PADA MATERI PERSAMAAN GERAK UNTUK PEMBELAJARAN FISIKA SISWA KELAS XI SMA
Authors: Patty Elyakim Nova Supriyedi , Sene Mikael
Published: May 2022

This development research is aimed to producing physics textbooks which is appropriate to the local language (mother tongue) in Southwest Sumba about motion equations into Senior High School students Grade XI which affects the students' activity in learning. This study was conducted to find out the textbook that is produced based on aspects of validity, practicality and effectiveness. The type of this research is a development study. This study was conducted by using R and D (Research and Development) method through procedures of defining potentials and problems, collecting information, designing products, validating designs, improving designs, testing products, revision productss in preliminary research, and research. Subjects of this research are 23 students in students Grade XI SMAN Loura Sumba Southwest academic year 2016/2017. From the results obtained that the textbook developed has met the valid criteria with an average of 75.9 was in good criteria, practicality of the teacher's book according to the teacher it was in the good category of the average value 78, the practicality of textbooks according to the students has mean value in average 85.96 was in the very good category, whereas there is a significant difference between the learning results before and after the use of textbooks with the local language style of Southwest Sumba. So, it can be concluded that the textbooks with the local language style of Southwest Sumba can improve the students learning results and effectively used in physics learning with an average rating is a very good value of 92.6Keywords: textbooks, development research
MODERN METHODS OF TREATMENT OF DRY EYE SYNDROME
Authors: Абуова Ж.Б. , Рахимов К.Д. , Тургумбаева А.А.
Published: May 2022

В статье был проведен поиск литературы по методам лечения синдрома сухого глаза с использованием соответствующих ключевых слов, в поисковых системах PubMed и Google Scholar, в базах данных Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, The Cochrane Library, Global Health, CyberLeninka и другие. При лечении синдрома сухого глаза важно компенсировать недостаток слезы и стабилизировать слезную пленку и предотвратить характерные для ксероза изменения в глазу. Такие больные на протяжении многих лет получают медикаментозное лечение, а в некоторых случаях и хирургическое вмешательство. Мы решили остановиться на основных и показать методы фармакологического и оперативного лечения. Потому что синдром сухого глаза является актуальной проблемой среди людей трудоспособного возраста.

The article searched the literature on the treatment of dry eye syndrome using the relevant keywords in the PubMed and Google Scholar search engines, in the Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, The Cochrane Library, Global Health, CyberLeninka and other databases. In the treatment of dry eye syndrome, it is important to compensate for the lack of tears and stabilize the tear lm and prevent changes in the eye that are characteristic of xerosis. Such patients have been receiving medical treatment for many years, and in some cases, surgical intervention. We decided to focus on the main ones and show the methods of pharmacological and surgical treatment. Because dry eye syndrome is an actual problem among people of working age.
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH FRAILTY SYNDROME IN THE ELDERLY WITH CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE
Authors: КЕДЕЛЬБЕВА К.М. , ДҮЙСЕНОВА Ж.Б. , АКБАРОВА А.А. , САМИТОВА С.Б. , ОРМАНБЕК А.Е. , ТОРЖАН У.А. , БОТАН С.М.
Published: May 2022

Введение: Одним из величайших достижений общественного здравоохранения является неуклонное увеличение средней продолжительности жизни человека, что привело к постоянному повышению населения пожилых людей, возрастных, сердечнососудистых заболеваний и инвалидности и, следовательно, необходимости в стратегиях профилактики и вмешательствах, способствующих здоровому старению. Наиболее проблемным проявлением старения населения является старческая астения. Цели исследования: изучение ведения пациентов с синдромом старческой астении у пациентов с сердечнососудистыми заболеваниями, которые могут быть полезны для изменения или обращения вспять данного синдрома. Материалы и методы: Для анализа литературы проводился поиск информации касательно данной проблемы в PubMed/MEDLINE, PMC, Web of Science, Scopus, The Cochrane Library. Глубина поиска составила 15 лет: с 2006 по 2021 годы. Критерии включения: оригинальные статьи, обзоры литературы, отчеты о рандомизированных и когортных исследованиях, проведенных на больших популяциях; метаанализы, публикации с полным текстом и в открытом доступе на английском и русском языках. Критерии исключения: материалы, не имеющие доказательной базы, тезисы и газетные статьи, материалы конференций, статьи, описывающие единичные случаи и серии случаев. Всего было проанализировано 100 публикации, из них 73 включены в данный обзор. Результаты: Из результатов многочисленных зарубежных исследовании было выявлено, что развитию синдрома старческой астении напрямую может способствовать степень физической активности человека. Физическая работоспособность играет огромную роль в снижении летальности от сердечнососудистых заболеваний и является важным маркером долголетия. Правильное питание и использование витаминов и минералов могут играть важную роль при поддержании здоровья и качества жизни пожилых людей. Важнейшее значение для лечения и профилактики старческой астении имеет потребление достаточного количества белка, что способствует увеличению мышечной массы и функции. Рациональное правильное питание, дозированные, многокомпонентные физических упражнении и прием добавок Витамина Д и минералов могут снизить негативные последствия заболевания, оттянуть или даже предотвратить старческую астению. Выводы: На ранних стадиях существует большая вероятность того, что старческая астения может быть обращена вспять. В связи с этим, ранняя диагностика и лечение хрупкости является важным преимуществом для медицинских работников. Целью лечения пациентов пожилого возраста с синдромом старческой астении является поддержание, улучшение их функционального статуса с сохранением автономности в течение длительного времени путем надежного и безопасного контроля имеющихся заболеваний, профилактики прогрессирования существующих и появления новых.