bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Syntheses, structures and anti-tumor activity of four organotin(iv) dicarboxylates based on (1,3,4-thiadiazole-2,5-diyldithio)diacetic acid
Authors: Yan Fei-Fei , Ma Chun-Lin , Li Qian-Li , Zhang Shao-Liang , Ru Jing , Cheng Shuang , Zhang Ru-Fen
Published: June 2018

Four novel organotin complexes, derived from flexible (1,3,4-thiadiazole-2,5-diyldithio)diacetic acid (H2tzda), have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, NMR and X-ray crystallography.
Predicting the skin-permeating components of externally-applied medicinal herbs: application of a newly constructed linear free-energy relationship equation for human skin permeation
Authors: Zeng Xiaobin , Wang Zhefeng , Liu Xiangli , Chen Ming , Fahr Alfred , Zhang Keda
Published: June 2018

The LFER equation may be used to predict skin-permeating components of externally applied herbs, with log Kp≥ −7.0 considered as a screening criterion.
In situ construction of hierarchical Co/MnO@graphite carbon composites for highly supercapacitive and OER electrocatalytic performances
Authors: Xu Jiaying , Zhang Hao , Xu Peibo , Wang Ruofeng , Tong Yinlin , Lu Qingyi , Gao Feng
Published: June 2018

Co/MnO@GC hybrids derived from the MnCo PBA precursor were demonstrated to have highly supercapacitive and OER electrocatalytic performances.
Probing the influence of cell surface polysaccharides on nanodendrimer binding to Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria using single-nanoparticle force spectroscopy
Authors: Beaussart Audrey , Beloin Christophe , Ghigo Jean-Marc , Chapot-Chartier Marie-Pierre , Kulakauskas Saulius , Duval Jérôme F. L.
Published: June 2018

Interaction forces between a zwitterionic nanodendrimer and bacterial surfaces are assessed at the single cell/nanoparticle pair level.
Solid phase extraction for the purification of violet, blue, green and yellow emitting carbon dots
Authors: Koutsioukis Apostolos , Akouros Antonios , Zboril Radek , Georgakilas Vasilios
Published: June 2018

We describe the efficient purification of violet, blue, green and yellow emitting C-dots using a fast, low cost and scalable procedure based on solid phase extraction with alumina.
Synthesis of copolymers with an exact alternating sequence using the cationic polymerization of pre-sequenced monomers
Authors: Qu Chengke , Li Zhenhua , He Junpo
Published: June 2018

Alternating copolymers of styrene/methyl vinyl ether and styrene/vinyl alcohol were synthesized. The effect of an alternating sequence on the fluorescence emissions of the products was investigated.
Facile synthesis of macrocyclic peptide toxins of GpTx-1 and its analogue
Authors: Chen Chao , Hong Mei , Guo Xiaoqi , Wu Fangming , Tian Changlin , Wang Yangding , Xu Zhaoqing
Published: June 2018

GpTx-1 and its analogue GpTx-71-1 were synthesized by a flexible and highly practical strategy via converging three segments based on C-terminal proline residues.
Synthesis and characterization of nanostructured MnO2–CoO and its relevance as an opto-electronic humidity sensing device
Authors: Sikarwar Samiksha , Yadav B. C. , Dzhardimalieva G. I. , Golubeva N. D. , Srivastava Pankaj
Published: June 2018

Metal carboxylates are widely used in science and technology and have been the subject of intense studies due to the practical importance of their products.
Treatment of dinitrodiazophenol industrial wastewater in heat-activated persulfate system
Authors: Wei Le-lan , Chen Wei-ming , Li Qi-bin , Gu Zhe-pei , Zhang Ai-ping
Published: June 2018

Organic pollutants of DDNP wastewater could be rapidly degraded in heat-activated PS system. Parameters of the treatment were optimized by a mixed orthogonal test. Mechanisms of DDNP degradation in this system were investigated.
Purification and identification of antioxidative peptides from mackerel (Pneumatophorus japonicus) protein
Authors: Wang Xueqin , Yu Huahua , Xing Ronge , Chen Xiaolin , Li Rongfeng , Li Kecheng , Liu Song , Li Pengcheng
Published: June 2018

The heptapeptide LDIQKEV (843.5 Da) and the octapeptide TAAIVNTA were identified from mackerel (Pneumatophorus japonicus) protein.
Production of hydrocarbons from biomass-derived biochar assisted microwave catalytic pyrolysis
Authors: Zhu Lei , Zhang Yayun , Lei Hanwu , Zhang Xuesong , Wang Lu , Bu Quan , Wei Yi
Published: June 2018

A new route of phenol and hydrocarbon production through biomass microwave-induced pyrolysis over home-made biochar catalysts has been developed.
Uniformly self-decorated Co3O4 nanoparticles on N, S co-doped carbon layers derived from a camphor sulfonic acid and metal–organic framework hybrid as an oxygen evolution electrocatalyst
Authors: Khalid Mohd. , Honorato Ana M. B. , Ticianelli Edson A. , Varela Hamilton
Published: June 2018

A simple one step preparation of Co3O4 nanoparticle decorated carbon from a camphor sulfonic acid and metal–organic framework hybrid.
In situ coating of a continuous mesoporous bimetallic PtRu film on Ni foam: a nanoarchitectured self-standing all-metal mesoporous electrode
Authors: Wang Hongjing , Yu Hongjie , Yin Shuli , Xu You , Li Xiaonian , Yamauchi Yusuke , Xue Hairong , Wang Liang
Published: June 2018

An extremely simple soaking method is developed for in situ fabrication of a continuous mesoporous PtRu film on macroporous Ni foam (mPtRu–NF) for rechargeable Zn–air batteries.
Hollow Ni–NiO nanoparticles embedded in porous carbon nanosheets as a hybrid anode for sodium-ion batteries with an ultra-long cycle life
Authors: Yang Chun Cheng , Zhang Dong Mei , Du Li , Jiang Qing
Published: June 2018

The hybrid electrode of hollow Ni–NiO nanoparticles in porous carbon nanosheets shows an ultra-long cycling life in sodium-ion batteries.
Trade-offs with stability modulate innate and mutationally acquired drug resistance in bacterial dihydrofolate reductase enzymes
Authors: Matange Nishad , Bodkhe Swapnil , Patel Maitri , Shah Pooja
Published: June 2018

Structural stability is a major constraint on the evolution of protein sequences. However, under strong directional selection, mutations that confer novel phenotypes but compromise structural stability of proteins may be permissible. During the evolution of antibiotic resistance, mutations that confer drug resistance often have pleiotropic effects on the structure and function of antibiotic-target proteins, usually essential metabolic enzymes. In the present study, we show that trimethoprim (TMP)-resistant alleles of dihydrofolate reductase from Escherichia coli (EcDHFR) harboring the Trp30Gly, Trp30Arg or Trp30Cys mutations are significantly less stable than the wild-type, making them prone to aggregation and proteolysis. This destabilization is associated with a lower expression level, resulting in a fitness cost and negative epistasis with other TMP-resistant mutations in EcDHFR. Using structure-based mutational analysis, we show that perturbation of critical stabilizing hydrophobic interactions in wild-type EcDHFR enzyme explains the phenotypes of Trp30 mutants. Surprisingly, though crucial for the stability of EcDHFR, significant sequence variation is found at this site among bacterial dihydrofolate reductases (DHFRs). Mutational and computational analyses in EcDHFR and in DHFR enzymes from Staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis demonstrate that natural variation at this site and its interacting hydrophobic residues modulates TMP resistance in other bacterial DHFRs as well, and may explain the different susceptibilities of bacterial pathogens to TMP. Our study demonstrates that trade-offs between structural stability and function can influence innate drug resistance as well as the potential for mutationally acquired drug resistance of an enzyme.
Impact of PEGylation on the mucolytic activity of recombinant human deoxyribonuclease I in cystic fibrosis sputum
Authors: Guichard Marie-Julie , Kinoo David , Aubriot Anne-Sophie , Bauwens Nathalie , Gougué Jordane , Vermeulen François , Lebecque Patrick , Leal Teresinha , Vanbever Rita
Published: June 2018

Highly viscous mucus and its impaired clearance characterize the lungs of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Pulmonary secretions of patients with CF display increased concentrations of high molecular weight components such as DNA and actin. Recombinant human deoxyribonuclease I (rhDNase) delivered by inhalation cleaves DNA filaments contained in respiratory secretions and thins them. However, rapid clearance of rhDNase from the lungs implies a daily administration and thereby a high therapy burden and a reduced patient compliance. A PEGylated version of rhDNase could sustain the presence of the protein within the lungs and reduce its administration frequency. Here, we evaluated the enzymatic activity of rhDNase conjugated to a two-arm 40 kDa polyethylene glycol (PEG40) in CF sputa. Rheology data indicated that both rhDNase and PEG40-rhDNase presented similar mucolytic activity in CF sputa, independently of the purulence of the sputum samples as well as of their DNA, actin and ions contents. The macroscopic appearance of the samples correlated with the DNA content of the sputa: the more purulent the sample, the higher the DNA concentration. Finally, quantification of the enzymes in CF sputa following rheology measurement suggests that PEGylation largely increases the stability of rhDNase in CF respiratory secretions, since 24-fold more PEG40-rhDNase than rhDNase was recovered from the samples. The present results are considered positive and provide support to the continuation of the research on a long acting version of rhDNase to treat CF lung disease.
Mutual coupling reduction in multilayer patch antennas via meander line parasites
Authors: Maddio S. , Pelosi G. , Righini M. , Selleri S. , Vecchi I.
Published: June 2018

A method to reduce the mutual coupling in wide‐band multilayer patch array operating in C band is presented. The proposed device use conveniently sized meander line parasites printed on the same substrate of the upper patch. Measurements on a prototype shows a measured bandwidth of about 19.6% centred at 5.1 GHz, therefore adequate to cover the whole WLAN frequency range. The meander lines allow to reduce the patch mutual coupling by about 2.4 dB.
Experimental study of robust output‐based continuous sliding‐modes controllers for Van der Pol oscillator
Authors: Ahmed Hafiz , Ríos Héctor
Published: June 2018

Robust output tracking control of Van der Pol oscillator is an important practical problem from an application point of view. Output feedback‐based robust tracking control strategies are proposed in this work for that purpose. First, a high‐order sliding‐mode observer is used to estimate the oscillator states from the measurable output and to identify some types of disturbances. Then, five different continuous sliding‐modes controllers (Continuous‐SMCs) are provided to robustly track a desired time‐varying trajectory, exponentially or in a finite time, for the Van der Pol oscillator despite the presence of external disturbances. The closed‐loop stability for each Continuous‐SMC is given based on input‐to‐state stability properties. Finally, experimental validations are also provided to show the feasibility of the proposed controllers in real time.
Customer reward‐based demand response program to improve demand elasticity and minimise financial risk during price spikes
Authors: Vu Dao H. , Muttaqi Kashem M. , Agalgaonkar Ashish P. , Bouzerdoum Abdesselam
Published: June 2018

In this study, a customer reward scheme is proposed to build an effective demand response program for improving demand elasticity. First, an objective function has been formulated based on the market operation and an optimal incentive price has been derived from this objective function. Second, the incentive price is employed as a part of a reward scheme to encourage customers to reduce their electricity demand to a certain level during peak hours. Two typical customer response scenarios are studied to investigate the impact of customer response sensitivity on the loss of utilities’ and customers’ profits. Finally, a dataset for the state of New South Wales, Australia is employed as a case study to examine the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. The obtained results show that the proposed scheme can help improve the elasticity of demand significantly thereby reducing the associated financial risk greatly. Moreover, the proposed scheme allows customers to get involved voluntarily and maximise their profits with minimum sacrifice of their comfort levels.
Numerical analysis of film‐loaded silicon nanowire optical rectangular waveguide: an effective optical sensing
Authors: Singh Ritu Raj , Priye Vishnu
Published: June 2018

Subwavelength waveguide using silicon nanowires is investigated for its compatibility with silicon‐on‐insulator platform. A layer of silicon film over SiO2 substrate is employed to construct silicon nanowire waveguides that complies with standard 220 nm silicon height technology. The proposed structure is further investigated for its utility as an optical sensing element in photonic integrated circuits. Film‐loaded silicon nanowire optical rectangular waveguide (SNORW) allows light to be guided inside low refractive indexed gapping region with optimised dimension. Fully numerical analysis is performed using finite‐element method as evidence to support the guiding phenomena of this waveguide. Eventually, confinement factor and waveguide sensitivity is found to be linear with measurand refractive index. As a result, the purpose of this SNORW leads to an effective sensing in the new era of photonics.
Temporal enhanced sentence‐level attention model for hashtag recommendation
Authors: Ma Jun , Feng Chong , Shi Ge , Shi Xuewen , Huang Heyang
Published: June 2018

Hashtags of microblogs can provide valuable information for many natural language processing tasks. How to recommend reliable hashtags automatically has attracted considerable attention. However, existing studies assumed that all the training corpus crawled from social networks are labelled correctly, while large sample statistics on real social media shows that there are 8.9% of microblogs with hashtags having wrong labels. The notable influence of noisy data to the classifier is ignored before. Meanwhile, recency also plays an important role in microblog hashtag, but the information is not used in the existing studies. Some temporal hashtags such as World Cup will ignite at a particular time, but at other times, the number of people talking about it will sharply decrease. To address the twofold shortcomings above, the authors propose an long short‐term memory‐based model, which uses temporal enhanced selective sentence‐level attention to reduce the influence of wrong labelled microblogs to the classifier. Experimental results using a dataset of 1.7 million microblogs collected from SINA Weibo microblogs demonstrated that the proposed method could achieve significantly better performance than the state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Visual programming language environment for different IoT and robotics platforms in computer science education
Authors: De Luca Gennaro , Li Zhongtao , Mian Sami , Chen Yinong
Published: June 2018

This study presents the authors’ recent research and application of a new visual programming language and its development environment: VIPLE (Visual IoT/Robotics Programming Language Environment) at Arizona State University (ASU). ASU VIPLE supports a variety of IoT devices and robots based on an open architecture. Based on computational thinking, VIPLE supports the integration of engineering design process, workflow, fundamental programming concepts, control flow, parallel computing, event‐driven programming, and service‐oriented computing seamlessly into a wide range of curricula, such as introduction to computing, introduction to engineering, service‐oriented computing, and software integration. It is actively used at ASU in several sections of FSE 100: Introduction to Engineering and in CSE 446: Software Integration and Engineering, as well as in several other universities worldwide.
Average fractional polarization of extragalactic sources at Planck frequencies
Authors: Trombetti T. , Burigana C. , De Zotti G. , Galluzzi V. , Massardi M.
Published: June 2018

Recent detailed simulations have shown that an insufficiently accurate characterization of the contamination of unresolved polarized extragalactic sources can seriously bias measurements of the primordial cosmic microwave background (CMB) power spectrum if the tensor-to-scalar ratio r ∼ 0.001, as predicted by models currently of special interest (e.g., Starobinsky’s R2 and Higgs inflation). This has motivated a reanalysis of the median polarization fraction of extragalactic sources (radio-loud AGNs and dusty galaxies) using data from the Planck polarization maps. Our approach, exploiting the intensity distribution analysis, mitigates or overcomes the most delicate aspects of earlier analyses based on stacking techniques. By means of simulations, we have shown that the residual noise bias on the median polarization fraction, Πmedian, of extragalactic sources is generally ≲0.1%. For radio sources, we have found Πmedian ≃ 2.83%, with no significant dependence on either frequency or flux density, in good agreement with the earlier estimate and with high-sensitivity measurements in the frequency range 5–40 GHz. No polarization signal is detected in the case of dusty galaxies, implying 90% confidence upper limits of Πdusty ≲ 2.2% at 353 GHz and of ≲3.9% at 217 GHz. The contamination of CMB polarization maps by unresolved point sources is discussed.
Are all RR Lyrae stars modulated?
Authors: Kovacs Geza
Published: June 2018

We analyzed 151 variables previously classified as fundamental mode RR Lyrae stars from Campaigns 01–04 of the Kepler two-wheel (K2) archive. By employing a method based on the application of systematics filtering with the aid of co-trending light curves in the presence of a large amplitude signal component, we searched for additional Fourier signals in the close neighborhood of the fundamental period. We found only 13 stars without such components, yielding the highest rate of modulated (Blazhko) stars detected so far (91 %). A detection efficiency test suggests that this occurrence rate likely implies a 100 % underlying rate. Furthermore, the same test performed on a subset of the Large Magellanic Cloud RR Lyrae stars from the MACHO archive shows that the conjecture of high true occurrence rate fits well to the low observed rate derived from this database.
Photoinduced polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon dehydrogenation
Authors: Castellanos P. , Candian A. , Andrews H. , Tielens A. G. G. M.
Published: June 2018

The physical and chemical conditions in photodissociation regions (PDRs) are largely determined by the influence of far ultraviolet radiation. Far-UV photons can efficiently dissociate molecular hydrogen, a process that must be balanced at the HI/H2 interface of the PDR. Given that reactions involving hydrogen atoms in the gas phase are highly inefficient under interstellar conditions, H2 formation models mostly rely on catalytic reactions on the surface of dust grains. Additionally, molecular hydrogen formation in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) through the Eley–Rideal mechanism has been considered as well, although it has been found to have low efficiency in PDR fronts. In a previous work, we have described the possibility of efficient H2 release from medium to large sized PAHs upon photodissociation, with the exact branching between H-/H2-loss reactions being molecule dependent. Here, we investigate the astrophysical relevance of this process, by using a model for the photofragmentation of PAHs under interstellar conditions. We focus on three PAHs cations (coronene, ovalene, and circumcoronene), which represent three possibilities in the branching of atomic and molecular hydrogen losses. We find that, for ovalene (H2-loss dominated) the rate coefficient for H2 formation reaches values of the same order as H2 formation in dust grains. This result suggests that this hitherto disregarded mechanism can account, at least partly, for the high level of molecular hydrogen formation in dense PDRs.
Application of hierarchic authentication to isogenies of elliptic curves for providing safety of data routing in the systems of analysis of digital production traffic
Authors: Alexandrova Elena , Poltavtseva Maria , Yarmak Anastasia
Published: June 2018

The article discusses the peculiarities of the process of information routing in the course of acquisition and processing big data of digital production, including systems of traffic analysis. Such a specific features variability of physical nodes-processors with the retention of functional stringency of order of information processing is distinguished. Inordertoprovidesafetyofthedescribedprocessofinformationprocessingand possibility of restoration of a chain of processing every fragment of data, the authors offer a protocol of hierarchic authentication developed thereby on isogenies of elliptic curves. The work includes algorithms of shaping parameters, generation of keys, generation and checking signature. The evaluation of signature stability again basic types of attacks has been performed. A solution offered by the authors can be used both in traditional and, in future, in quantum systems. A simulation of corresponding signature dimensions has been performed in the work.
Industry 4.0 and basic principles of a new architecture for control of power plants processes
Authors: Amosov Nikolay , Andryushin Alexander , Arakelyan Edik , Kosoy Anatoliy
Published: June 2018

The results of the level analysis of intellectuality and efficiency of up-to-date automated process control systems (APCS) based on software and hardware systems (SHS) are presented. It was demonstrated that, despite the widespread implementation of modern software and hardware systems during the construction of new APCS and upgrading the existing ones for thermal power plants (TPP), improvement of the process control quality, optimization of their modes and parameters take place generally at the equipment and power unit level and to a far lesser extent – at the power plant level and as a result – insufficient level of automation and low technical and economic efficiency. Another conclusion from the performed analysis – when implementing control algorithms in the APCS based on the up-to-date SHS, their wide data and software capabilities are not fully used. The main ways of further APCS improvement for the purpose of further increasing of their efficiency and the level of intelligence of SHS based APCS of power plants are presented. The possibility of their implementation is considered with application of the basic principles laid in the concept Industry 4.0. The possible economic effect from the implementation of the proposed solutions for increasing the intelligence and efficiency of the SHS based APCS was assessed. A brief description of the configuration of the proposed SHS based control system is given.
Digital model of sharing economy: blockchain technology management
Authors: Babkin Alexander , Golovina Tatiana , Polyanin Andrey , Vertakova Yuliya
Published: June 2018

The modernization of traditional process and service industries, organization of trading and procurement procedures, related financial and logistical operations, change in the structure of consumption associated with the through penetration of information technologies and digitization of economic processes creates the basis for formation of new markets and conditions for their functioning. As employees, consumers, businesses, and manufacturing processes become increasingly related as a single digital space, digitalization offers wide possibilities for new decision-making models being the basis for ongoing global economic and social transformations which change business and consumer models, one of which is the sharing economy. The digital model of sharing economy will be developed and transformed in the next few years to achieve the main purpose – the use of unengaged or underused assets in the economy. In this regard, the search for new tools and technologies for business models development is vital. The authors present the content, advantages, current state and prospects for development of the distributed registry technology (blockchain). It is presented that it will increase transparency, security and efficiency of transactions of economic entities in various financial and non-financial fields. A transactional model of the economic system based on the blockchain technology is presented. The sharing economy features and characteristics are given.
Application of methods of organizing complex expert examinations for increasing reliability and failure robustness of information systems and complexes
Authors: Bolsunovskaiya Marina , Loginova Aleksandra , Shirokova Svetlana
Published: June 2018

The article provides a review of approaches and methods used by Russian and foreign authors for solving tasks of increasing reliability and failure robustness of information systems (IS) and hardware and software complexes. The methods of organizing complex expert examinations (МОСEE) are described and the possibility and necessity of МОСEE combined application for analyzing reliability and failure robustness of IS, their components and hardware and software complexes are proven. The following methods and models were used to perform a comprehensive assessment: PATTERN methodology, G.S. Pospelov’s method of solving matrices, models based on the information approach of А. А. Denisov. A number of modifications of the above МОСEE is offered; methodology of system analysis for solving a task of assessing reliability of information system and its components has been developed; a conceptual model of methodology of developing new solutions in the field of IS and IT has been built.
Economic model of an innovative enterprise in the digital economy
Authors: Demidenko Daniil , Dubolazova Julia , Malevskaya-Malevich Ekaterina
Published: June 2018

Currently, the innovation vector is a necessary condition for development of high-tech and high-efficiency industries, a competitiveness factor of enterprise products in market conditions in any economic activity forms. In conditions of transfer to the digital economy, the innovation process – as an incentive for technological modernization of production, increasing of its efficiency and development of new competitive products – allows generating relatively high value added that in terms of corporate finance is a key factor in increasing the company market value that in turn is a generally accepted criterion of the economic efficiency of the enterprise activity as a whole.

The article specifies the concept of the economic model of the enterprise that performs innovative activities in conditions of the digital economy. A comparative analysis of the economic model of the enterprise that does not implement innovation and the innovative enterprise is carried out. The economic model of the innovative enterprise proposes a gradual transition from the production of simple goods to science-intensive and high-technology products by increasing in the level of production development, technologies and skills of employees. The process for formation of the economic model of the enterprise is a mechanism that is a set of elements unified by the system of direct and back links between them and intended to create value added. Based on the performed analysis, it was detected that the innovation enterprise has a number of preferences that compensates for the innovative risk and increases the value added. The model of the value added of the enterprise that performs innovative activity is formulated.
Convergence and divergence in biology and medicine
Authors: Korablev Vadim , Kozyrev Sergei , Yakutseni Pavel
Published: June 2018

A convergence of digital and physical worlds shapes capabilities of attaining a fundamentally new level of knowledge about molecular and system-level principles of functioning of both individual elements of living world matter, and the entire biosphere. Accordingly, there appear those growing points, which change the traditional types of specialists’ employment beginning to get oriented to solving the key problems of ecological and food-supply security, problems of biologically renewable sources of energy and materials, biotechnologies and bionic applications in engineering and industry, and ultimately to the challenges of public health services and healthcare. The basic changes of labor market in the fields related to biology and medicine have been shown. The directions of application of computational methods for searching biologically inspired breakthroughs for engineering and industry have been given consideration. The presented data can be interesting for analyzing negative, neutral and positive scenarios of development of universities and other education research communities.
Space IT platforms: challenges of the XXI century
Authors: Korablyov Vadim , Zheleznyakov Alexander
Published: June 2018

More than half a century of man-in-space exploration not only demonstrated the new manufacturing capabilities of the countries involved in the study of distant and near space, but also presented the main challenges that humanity will face in the exploration of the space in the first half of the 21st century. One of these challenges is the rapid growth in a number of satellites used not only by government structures, but also by private sector. This problem gives rise to another one – ensuring the safety of the satellites flights and contamination of the earth orbit by man-made objects. A particular problem is the growing militarization of the space. There is another natural challenge such as a cometary-asteroid hazard. In the near future, humanity has to answer these challenges. This is important for two reasons. Firstly, only overcoming them, we will be able to continue our expansion in the space. And, secondly, only by solving the encountered problems, we will be able to maintain the stability on the Earth. An important factor for a successful response to the challenges is international cooperation in space, which allows combining the resources of space powers including intellectual potential. In this case, we can rely on the soonest achievement of the set goals. Of course, this will mark new frontiers, which will be a challenge for the next generations.
Information technologies and transformation of models for implementation of investment-construction projects in modern Russia
Authors: Malinina Xeniya , Shamara Juriy , Petukhova Zhanna
Published: June 2018

In this article we carry out the analysis of the possible directions and consequences of transformations of the existing models for implementation of investment-construction projects in relation with integration of information technologies and the construction industry in modern Russia. Such integration is considered as the most useful tool to solve such chronicle problems of the construction industry as low quality of works, missed deadlines and sustaining the best ratio “price-quality” for the customer. The basis for such integration is the technologies of informational modeling of construction objects. We investigated two basic models: disintegrated purchases and integrated purchases whose transformation will be directed towards development of mechanisms of partnership between participants of investment-construction projects, expanded use of “integrated” contracts in the system of state purchases of construction works and further centralization of control in the system of construction for state purposes.
Up-to-date mathematical models lines of development of information technologies in the field of numerical methods of structures strength calculations
Authors: Meleshko Vladimir
Published: June 2018

In order to carry out reliable calculations of structures adequate to reality, in particular, for taking into account plastic resource, it is necessary to use complex program systems and build finite element models of high dimensionality. This work provides a comparison of different mathematical models, which can be used for numerical analysis. Consideration was given to basic variation principles and methods of calculating structural mechanics. Distinctive features of forming systems of equations of classical methods of structural mechanics and known numerical methods were demonstrated. Possible advantages of methods with respect to accuracy and rate of calculations were revealed. Consideration was given to possible improvements of existing mathematical models in elastoplastic domain. Possible directions of development in the field of engineering methods for calculating strength were proposed.
Evolutionary processes in nature, technology and society –a few common trends
Authors: Myasnikova Yekaterina , Spirov Aleksandr
Published: June 2018

The diversity of branches of knowledge, within which evolutionary approaches are applied to significantly different objects and processes, includes those branches which are especially interesting due to the implementation of the Darwin’s concepts of variation, heredity and selection. This is what is interpreted by some authors as universal selectionism. In this case, objects of evolution may be represented as sequences of symbols, code lines or graphs. This is a method to record heredity of an individual. The recording format allows for mutation (substitution, addition or deletion of certain elements of an individual) and crossing-over during production of offspring from a pair of parent individuals. The approach also allows for a quantitative assessment of the “value” of an individual for evolutionary selection. Such evolution includes, first of all, evolutionary computation, computer-aided modelling of evolution, directed evolution of biomolecules, biological evolution, evolution of technology etc. If we consider the above mentioned examples successively, from computer-based examples to humanitarian one, we can observe definite trends. Firstly, we can see a trend of using “languages” of higher levels to implement an evolutionary problem. Secondly, we can observe a trend of forming “building blocks” in heredity structures as well as a crossing-over mechanism which retains the said blocks. Thirdly, “variation” of an individual is carried out by increasingly high-intelligent methods. Studying of main trends and mutually enriching interchange of experience between such different branches of knowledge may enable to make more reasonable and exact predictions of the results of evolutionary processes and to achieve higher effectiveness of evolutionary search in application areas.
Effect of heat treatment on the structure and magnetic properties of Sm-Fe alloys obtained by mechanical alloying
Authors: Razumov Nikolay , Verevkin Aleksandr
Published: June 2018

The effect of heat treatment on the structure and magnetic properties of Sm-Fe alloys obtained by mechanical alloying was investigated. The crystallization temperature of Sm2Fe17, an amorphous alloy obtained by mechanical alloying, was determined using differential scanning calorimetry. Based on these results, various samples were annealed at different isothermal holding temperatures, and those with the best magnetic properties were found. Experimental studies show that decreasing the isothermal holding temperature from 750 °C to 630 °C increases magnetic characteristics nearly four times. The saturation magnetization, romance and coercivity of the Sm2Fe17 powder were 121 emu/g, 28.5 emu/g and 800 Oe, respectively.
Antegrade pancreatoscopy via EUS-guided pancreaticogastrostomy allows removal of obstructive pancreatic duct stones
Authors: James Theodore , Baron Todd
Published: June 2018

Background and study aims Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is an effective treatment for pancreaticolithiasis, including use of pancreatoscopy for intraductal electrohydraulic lithotripsy (IEHL). Pancreatoscopy is often limited by a small-caliber downstream pancreatic duct as well as an unstable pancreatoscope position within the pancreatic head. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided pancreaticogastrostomy (EUS-PG) has been developed as a method to relieve ductal obstruction when retrograde access fails. The current study describes pancreatoscopy via EUS-PG, a novel method for managing obstructing pancreaticolithiasis.

Patients and methods From September 2017 to January 2018, patients who underwent EUS-PG followed by antegrade pancreatoscopy via PG were identified. Endoscopy reports, medical charts and relevant laboratory data were reviewed and recorded.

Results Five patients underwent EUS-PG and antegrade pancreatoscopy via PG during the study period; clinical success rate was 100 %. There were no significant adverse events during the procedure or follow up period.

Conclusions Pancreatoscopy via PG for IEHL is safe and effective for treating obstructing pancreaticolithiasis in patients who have previously failed ERCP or in clinical scenarios were ERCP is not possible.
Isolated Avulsion of the Tendon of Insertion of the Infraspinatus and Supraspinatus Muscles in Five Juvenile Labrador Retrievers
Authors: Piras Alessandro , Hakala Laura , Mikola Karoliina
Published: June 2018

Case History Five juvenile Labrador Retrievers between the ages of 6 and 8 months were presented to our referral centres with a history of intermittent forelimb lameness.

Clinical Examination The clinical examination revealed the presence of bilateral orthopaedic problems in four out of five cases.

Diagnostic Imaging Findings Radiographic and computed tomography examinations showed the presence of a radiolucent defect corresponding to the area of insertion of the infraspinatus or supraspinatus tendons on the proximal humerus. Three dogs were concurrently affected by elbow disease on the contralateral forelimb and one dog with bilateral infraspinatus avulsion also had osteochondritis dissecans affecting both shoulder joints.

Diagnosis Avulsion of the insertion of the infraspinatus tendon in four dogs and of the supraspinatus tendon in one dog.

Clinical Relevance According to the current literature, the incidence of infraspinatus and supraspinatus tendinopathies in adult Labrador Retrievers is higher than in other breeds. In our five cases, the patients were juvenile and the nature of the injury was an avulsion of the tendinous insertion. Avulsion of the tendon of insertion of the infraspinatus or supraspinatus has been poorly described in the veterinary literature, and this would represent the first series of cases affecting juvenile Labrador Retrievers.
Response to Individualized Homeopathic Treatment for Depression in Climacteric Women with History of Domestic Violence, Marital Dissatisfaction or Sexual Abuse: Results from the HOMDEP-MENOP Study
Authors: Llanes-González Lidia , Aguilar-Faisal Leopoldo , Asbun-Bojalil Juan , Macías-Cortés Emma
Published: June 2018

Background Although individualized homeopathic treatment is effective for depression in climacteric women, there is a lack of well-designed studies of its efficacy for depression in battered women or in post-traumatic stress disorder. The aim of this study was to assess the association between individualized homeopathic treatment or fluoxetine and response to depression treatment in climacteric women with high levels of domestic violence, sexual abuse or marital dissatisfaction.

Materials and Methods One hundred and thirty-three Mexican climacteric women with moderate-to-severe depression enrolled in the HOMDEP-MENOP Study (a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, double-dummy, three-arm trial, with a 6-week follow-up study) were evaluated. Domestic violence, marital dissatisfaction and sexual abuse were assessed at baseline. Response to depression treatment was defined by a decrease of 50% or more from baseline score of Hamilton scale. Association between domestic violence, sexual abuse, and marital dissatisfaction and response to depression treatment was analyzed with bivariate analysis in the three groups. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated.

Results Homeopathy versus placebo had a statistically significant association with response to depression treatment after adjusting for sexual abuse (OR [95% CI]: 11.07 [3.22 to 37.96]), domestic violence (OR [95% CI]: 10.30 [3.24 to 32.76]) and marital dissatisfaction (OR [95% CI]: 8.61 [2.85 to 25.99]).

Conclusions Individualized homeopathic treatment is associated with response to depression treatment in climacteric women with high levels of domestic violence, sexual abuse or marital dissatisfaction. Further studies should be conducted to evaluate its efficacy specifically for post-traumatic stress disorder in battered women.

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01635218, URL: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01635218?term=depression+homeopathy&rank=1
Verschiedene Formen der Hämophilie
Authors: Deutsch E
Published: June 2018

Die verschiedenen, durch Mangel eines für die Bildung der Plasmathrombokinase erforderlichen Faktors bedingten hämorrhagischen Diathesen — die Hypo-prothromboplastinämien — können nicht auf Grund ihrer klinischen Symptomatologie, sondern nur durch genaue Untersuchung der Gerinnungsstörung voneinander differenziert werden. Die Bezeichnung Hämophilie mit den Suffixen A und B sollte nur für jene geschlechtsgebunden-rezessiv vererbbaren hämorrhagischen Diathesen verwendet werden, die ausschließlich durch einen Mangel an Faktor VIII bzw. IX bedingt sind. Das Ausmaß der Verminderung dieser Faktoren ist innerhalb einer Familie konstant und erbmäßig bedingt, wodurch familiäre Krankheitstypen entstehen. Ein Mangel an Faktor VIII kann sich auch bei Patienten mit Faktor V-Mangel als Begleithämophilie und bei Patienten beiderlei Geschlechtes in Verbindung mit einer verlängerten Blutungszeit als Hämophilia vascularis finden. Die Kombination einer Verminderung von Faktor IX und VII sowie ihre mögliche Beziehung zur Verminderung des Stuart-Faktors wird diskutiert. Die physikalisch-chemischen Eigenschaften der für die Blutthrombokinasebildung erforderlichen Plasmafaktoren (mit Ausnahme von Faktor V) werden miteinander verglichen und die differentialdiagnostischen Möglichkeiten in Tabellen zusammengestellt. Das Fehlen eines Gerinnungsfaktors kann auch durch Blockierung durch einen Hemmstoff vorgetäuscht werden. Das Auftreten immunologisch bedingter Hemmstoffe bzw. die Vermehrung von Antikephalin ist für die Therapieresistenz hämophiler Patienten verantwortlich zu machen. Die Erkenntnisse über das Verhalten der Gerinnungsfaktoren der Vorphase ermöglichen eine differenzierte, planmäßige Therapie der Hypo-prothromboplastinämien.
Deficiency of the Hageman Factor Demonstrated by the Thrombin Generation Test
Authors: Sjølin Knud-Erik
Published: June 2018

A coagulation defect in the plasma from a 37 year old man with no bleeding symptoms is described. The defect was revealed by the thrombin generation test and seemed to be caused by lack of the Hageman factor. The coagulation defect could be corrected by freezing of the plasma.
Kombinierte Untersuchungen hämorrhagischer Diathesen (II))
Authors: Gross Rudolf , Illig Leonhard , Macher Egon
Published: June 2018

Bei 22 Kranken mit hämorrhagischen Diathesen verschiedener Ätiologie wurden untersucht und auf ihre wechselseitigen Beziehungen geprüft:

1. Blutgerinnung (Globaltests, Einzelfaktoren, spezielle Funktionsprüfungen) und Blutungszeit;

2. Kapillarfragilität (Stauversuch nach Rumpel-Leede, Saugglockentests an verschiedenen Körperregionen) ;

3. kapillarmikroskopischer und

4. histologischer Befund im Bereich spontaner und mechanisch provozierter Petechien.

Die Fragilitätstests wechseln von Hautabschnitt zu Hautabschnitt und sogar innerhalb gleicher Hautbezirke erheblich. In Hautabschnitten mit Spontanblutungen können sie normal und gleichzeitig in nicht betroffenen Hautbezirken pathologisch ausfallen.

Die Kapillarmikroskopie ermöglicht eine Charakterisierung der Blutaustritte nach Art, Lokalisation und Größe; daneben läßt sie die klinisch nicht immer unterscheidbaren angiektatischen „Pseudopetechien” sicher von echten Blutaustritten abgrenzen. Spontane Blutungen können an allen sichtbaren Abschnitten der Endstrombahn auftreten; im Gegensatz zu den mechanisch provozierten Blutungen weisen sie bei vielen Patienten gewisse Eigentümlichkeiten hinsichtlich Form, Größe und Austrittsort auf. Im Gegensatz zu den bisher üblichen Vorstellungen scheinen Strömungsveidangsamung und Gefäßerweiterung für den spontanen Blutaustritt keine unbedingt notwendigen Voraussetzungen darzustellen. Umschriebene Erweiterungen stellen auch keinen ins Auge fallenden Lokalisations-faktor dar.

Gefäßerweiterung, Strömungsverlangsamung und Blutung werden als voneinander unabhängige Folgen einer übergeordneten, zur Zeit morphologisch noch nicht faßbaren Gefäßwandschädigung aufgefaßt.

Die histologische Untersuchung ermöglicht eine Unterscheidung von Blutungen mit und ohne entzündliche Infiltration, ferner die zytologische Differenzierung etwaiger Infiltrate und gegebenenfalls den Nachweis von Fibrin und Haemosiderin im Gewebe. Sie gibt einen Einblick in die Beteiligung auch tiefer gelegener Gefäßbezirke.
Ultra-High Dilutions and Homeopathy: Can They Be Explained without Non-Local Theory?
Authors: Tsitinidis Konstantinos , Almirantis Yannis
Published: June 2018

We discuss questions related to the ‘Benveniste Affair’, its consequences and broader issues in an attempt to understand homeopathy. Specifically, we address the following points:

1. The relationship between the experiments conducted by Benveniste, Montagnier, their collaborators and groups that independently tested their results, and ‘traditional’ homeopathy.

2. Possible non-local components such as ‘generalised entanglement’ as the basis of the homeopathic phenomenon and experimental evidence for them.

3. The capability of highly diluted homeopathic remedies to provoke tangible biological changes in whole organisms and cellular experimental systems.

4. Aspects of the similia principle related to the above.

5. Suggestions that can lead to experimental verifications of the non-local hypothesis in homeopathy.
Infantile Onset Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Secondary to PRKAG2 Gene Mutation is Associated with Poor Prognosis
Authors: Raja Kishore , Garg Ashish , Barbouth Deborah , Rusconi Paolo , Gorla Sudheer
Published: June 2018

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the second most prevalent form of cardiomyopathy in children. The etiology of the HCM is heterogeneous, so is the age of onset of symptoms. The HCM associated with metabolic disorders and genetic syndromes presents early in childhood. There are very few case reports of early-onset infantile HCM secondary to the PRKAG2 gene. Here, we report a case of HCM in a neonate diagnosed prenatally and eventually diagnosed with a missense mutation in the PRKAG2 gene.