bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fructose improves Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles induced alterations in Developmental Competence of mouse oocytes
Authors: Elmetwally Mohammed A , Helmy Amal , Zaabel Samy , Montaser Abdelmonem , Balboula Ahmed , Eladl Mohamed , Hamed Basma , Lashen Samah , Rezk Shaymaa , Yaseen Amira , Sharawy Heba , Hussien Mamdouh , Halawa Amal
Published: February 2023

Aims: We investigated the effect of intraperitoneal titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs, 100 mg/kg) for 5 consecutive days on the developmental competence of murine oocytes via its effects on the antioxidant and oxidative stress biomarkers as well as their effects on mRNAs expression for BAX, Caspase 3, P53 and hypoxia inducing factor-1α (HIF- 1). Moreover, the possible ameliorating effect of fructose (2.75 mM/ml) was examined.
Materials and methods: Thirty sexually mature (8-12 weeks old; ~ 25 g body weight) female mice were used for the current study. The female mice were divided into three groups as follows:
Group1 (G1): Female mice received deionized water and the collected oocytes were cultured in global® total media (control group). Group 2 (G2): Female mice received TiO2 NPs at a dose of 100 mg/kg BW by i/p injection for 5 consecutive days, and the collected oocytes were cultured in global® total media. Group 3 (G3): Female mice received TiO2 NPs at a dose of 100 mg/kg BW + fructose 2.75 mM by i/p injection for 5 consecutive days, and the collected oocytes were cultured in global® total media.
Results: Nano-titanium significantly decreased GSH, GPx, and NO while MDA and TAC were increased. The rate of MI, MII, GVBD and degenerated oocytes were significantly decreased. Meanwhile, the rate of activated oocytes was significantly increased. TiO2 NPs significantly upregulated the relative expression of apoptotic genes (BAX, Caspase 3 and P53) and HIF-1. Intraperitoneal fructose (2.75 mM/kg) significantly alleviated the detrimental effects of TiO2 NPs. The transmission electron microscopy showed the ability of the fructose to maintain the surface of murine oocytes.
Conclusion: Collectively, these results suggest that the i/p infusion of fructose for consecutive 5 days promote the oocyte development and decrease the toxic effects of TiO2 NPs by changing the oxidative and antioxidant biomarkers secreted by COCs and affects the mRNAs expression of apoptotic and hypoxia inducing factor.
Reliability evaluation of a dynamic pressure mechanical seal based on liquid film vaporization phase transition
Authors: Xu Xiaodong , Bei Guangyao , Ma Chenbo , Sun Jianjun , Zhang Yuyan , Yu Qiuping
Published: February 2023

As a key basic component for leakage prevention in rotating machinery, research on the reliability of mechanical seals has always been the focus of theoretical and practical investigations. A reliability evaluation method for the dynamic pressure mechanical seal based on liquid film vaporization phase transition is proposed. To investigate the affect of the mass transfer coefficient on the vaporization phase transition, a liquid film vaporization model of the hydrodynamic mechanical seal seal face has been established. The working condition parameters and groove structure parameters are selected based on experimental testing. The evaporation characteristics of liquid film under different parameter combinations are analyzed, and as a result, the function of the vaporization characteristics is obtained. The limit state equation of gas phase volume fraction is obtained by using the maximum gas phase volume fraction when the dynamic pressure mechanical seal state changes from liquid phase miscibility to gas phase miscibility. The structural parameters of the groove are sampled based on the Monte Carlo method, and the reliability is calculated using the sampling results and the limit state equation. Finally, the proposed method is used to numerically analyze the reliability of the slot under specific structural parameters.
Variational Auto Encoder fused with Gaussian Process for Unsupervised Anomaly Detection
Authors: Guan Yaonan , Xu Yunwen , Li Dewei
Published: February 2023

The identification of abnormal data in high-dimensional and high-complexity situations is a challenging subject. In order to improve the accuracy of abnormal data detection, in this article, we first use Variational Auto Encoder (VAE) to extract the features of high-dimensional data to achieve the effect of data dimensionality reduction. Then the Gaussian process model is applied to establish the latent space's feature distribution field and guide the data's displacement in the latent space. The joint probability distribution matrix of the latent space data is adopted to establish the feedback channel between latent space data distribution and VAE data mapping. Finally, the characteristic distribution field of the Gaussian process model is fed back to the VAE to realize the separation of normal data and abnormal data at the data mapping level.
The environmental factors affecting the archaeological buildings in Egypt, “IV Deterioration by Synergistic Marine Effects”
Authors: El-Gohary Mohamed A.
Published: February 2023

This paper investigates the seismic actions that affect Qait Bey Fortress in Alexandria- Egypt. It presents the results of scientific studies and examinations to evaluate the deterioration conditions, which affected archaeological buildings in themarine environment. In Alexandria, many monumental sites and stone buildings have suffered from many aggressive factors of deterioration (mechanical, chemical, and biological), which have caused great harmful appearances and threatened to eradicate them. These effects include the chemical actions resulting from seawater and marine aerosol and mechanical actions of water waves. (Qait Bey Fortress), as a case study, was periodically investigated by many scientific techniques through 5 years to check their decay conditions and to define the most suitable conservation approaches and non-destructive methods for preservation. Different techniques and examinations were performed to evaluate the current deterioration state of the fortress. For example, XRD analysis and PM investigation were used to study the mineralogical compositions, lithotype, and petrographic characteristics of the stone samples. SEM was used to investigate the morphological features of the same samples. AAS was also used for studying the chemical constitutes of seawater samples. In addition, microbiological investigations were conducted to evaluate the colored hard crusts that affected the stone surfaces in the fortress. Our results proved that severe deterioration factors highly influenced the fortress by collaborating with chemical, mechanical and biological mechanisms. These mechanisms caused several manifestations, such asabrasionand attrition, crystallizing of salt species, mortar desegregation, pitting and minerals’ honeycomb (Alveolar), color changes, in addition to the accumulation of black and colored biogenic hard crusts.
SET-PP2A complex as a new therapeutic target in KMT2A (MLL) rearranged AML.
Authors: Mambro Antonella Di , Arroyo Yoana , Fioretti Tiziana , Randles Michael , Cozzuto Luca , Rajeeve Vinothini , Cevenini Armando , Austin Michael J. , Esposito Gabriella , Ponomarenko Julia , Lucas Claire M. , Cutillas Pedro , Gribben John , Williams Owen , Calle Yolanda , Wrench Bela , Esposito Maria Teresa
Published: February 2023

Background KMT2A-rearranged (KMT2A-R) is an aggressive and chemo-refractory acute leukemia which mostly affects children. Transcriptomics-based characterization and chemical interrogation identified kinases as key drivers of survival and drug resistance in KMT2A-R leukemia. In contrast, the contribution and regulation of phosphatases is unknown. We explored the role of SET, the endogenous inhibitor of SER/THR phosphatase PP2A in KMT2A-R leukemia.
Material and Methods The expression of SET was analysed in a large acute myeloid leukemia (AML)- RNA-seq dataset and in primary KMT2A-R samples and aged matched-controls. Stable SET knockdown (KD) was established by RNA interference in three KMT2A wild-type (wt) and four KMT2A-R leukemic cell lines. Gene and protein expression were analysed by RT-qPCR, ChiP, IP and western blot. RNA-seq and phospho-proteomics were employed to evaluate the effect of the SET-PP2A inhibitor FTY720 on global protein phosphorylation and gene expression. The cellular impact of FTY720 was evaluated by analysing proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis in leukemic cell lines and by colony formation assay in two patient-derived xenograft (PDX).
Results SET mRNA was found expressed in blasts from KMT2A-R-patients and in leukemic stem cells. SET protein interacted with both KMT2A wt and fusion proteins. Knockdown of SET inhibited the transcription of KMT2A target genes HOXA9 and HOXA10and abolished the self-renewal of KMT2A-R leukemic cells. Pharmacological inhibition of SET by FTY720 disrupted SET-PP2A interaction leading to cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and increased sensitivity to chemotherapy in KMT2A-R-leukemic models. Phospho-proteomic and western blot analyses revealed that FTY720 reduced the activity of kinases regulated by PP2A, including ERK1, GSK3b, ARKB, and led to degradation of MYC, supporting the hypothesis of a feedback loop among SET, PP2A and MYC. The RNA-seq indicated that FTY720 reduced the activity of signalling pathways implicated in gene transcription and it compromised the expression of several genes belonging to the KMT2A-R leukemia signature.
Conclusions Taken together our results identify SET as a novel player in KMT2A-R leukemia and provide evidence that SET antagonism could serve as a novel strategy to treat this aggressive leukemia.
The effect of soil moisture and ambient temperature on pupation depth for the imperiled Callophrys irus
Authors: Jonas Emma N. , Ball Nelson T. , Meyer Robert T.
Published: February 2023

The frosted elfin Callophrys irus (Godart) (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae), is an imperiled species endemic to fire-maintained habitats in eastern North America. C. irus spends the majority of the year as pupae that may be vulnerable to fires that occur during this life stage. One way C. irus survives fire is to burrow and pupate under the soil, but this behavior is variable between individuals. We ran an ex-situ test on the impact of two abiotic factors on the pupation depth of C.irus (n = 60): ambient temperature and soil moisture. We used two incubators at 18 ºC and 30 ºC in addition to two moisture conditions of 5 and 15%. The null model outperformed other models, suggesting the effects of soil moisture and temperature on depth were negligible. The number of caterpillars that burrowed was similar to previous work with nine caterpillars that burrowed fully beneath the soil surface. If in-situ burrowing rates reflect our findings high mortality rates can be expected from fire. Thus, small, isolated populations may require artificial interventions. Our results support previous recommendations on the importance of refugia and population/habitat-specific rotational burn schedules to ensure the long-term persistence of the species.
Laparoscopic or transanal repair of rectocele? Comparison of a reduction in rectocele size
Authors: Tsunoda Akira , Takahashi Tomoko , Matsuda Satoshi , Kusanagi Hiroshi
Published: February 2023

Purpose This study aimed to compare the reduction in rectocele size after laparoscopic ventral rectopexy (LVR) with that after transanal repair (TAR).
Methods Forty-six patients with rectocele who underwent LVR and 45 patients with rectocele who received TAR between February 2012 and December 2022 were included. This was a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data. All patients had clinical evidence of a symptomatic rectocele. Bowel function was evaluated using the Constipation Scoring System (CSS) and Fecal Incontinence Severity Index (FISI). Substantial symptom improvement was defined as at least a 50% reduction in the CSS or FISI scores. Evacuation proctography was performed before surgery and 6 months postoperatively.
Results Constipation was substantially improved in 40–70% of the LVR patients and 70–90% of the TAR patients over 5 years. Fecal incontinence was markedly improved in 60–90% of the LVR patients across 5 years and in 75% of the TAR patients at 1 year. Postoperative proctography showed a reduction in rectocele size in the LVR patients (30 [20–59] mm preoperatively vs. 11 [0–44] mm postoperatively, P < 0.0001) and TAR patients (33 [20–55] mm preoperatively vs. 8 [0–27] mm postoperatively, P < 0.0001). The reduction rate of rectocele size in the LVR patients was significantly lower than that in the TAR patients (63 [3–100] % vs. 79 [45–100] %, P = 0.047).
Conclusion Thereduction in rectocele size was lower in the patients who underwent LVR than in those who received TAR.
Profiling cell envelope-antibiotic interactions reveals vulnerabilities to β-lactams in a multidrug-resistant bacterium
Authors: Hogan Andrew , Natarajan Aakash , Maydaniuk Dustin , León Beltina , Batun Zayra , Motnenko Anna , Palacios Armando , Bosch Alejandra , Cardona Silvia
Published: February 2023

The cell envelope of the Gram-negative Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) presents unique restrictions to antibiotic penetration. As a consequence, Bcc species are notorious for causing recalcitrant multidrug-resistant infections in immunocompromised individuals, such as those living with cystic fibrosis. To systematically identify cell envelope-associated resistance and susceptibility determinants at the genome level, we constructed a high-density, randomly-barcoded transposon mutant library in the clinical isolate B. cenocepacia K56-2 and exposed it to a panel of more than twenty cell envelope-targeting antibiotics. By quantifying relative mutant fitness with BarSeq, followed by validation with CRISPR-interference, we profiled over a hundred new functional associations and identified novel mediators of antibiotic susceptibility in the Bcc cell envelope. We revealed new connections between β-lactam susceptibility, peptidoglycan synthesis, and blockages in undecaprenyl phosphate metabolism, which highlight a vulnerability in sharing this lipid intermediate. We then show that the clinically relevant synergy of the β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combination ceftazidime/avibactam is primarily mediated by inhibition of the PenB carbapenemase. Importantly, we found that avibactam more strongly potentiates the activity of aztreonam and meropenem than ceftazidime in a panel of Bcc clinical isolates. Finally, we characterize for first time in the Bcc the iron and receptor-dependent activity of the novel siderophore-cephalosporin antibiotic, cefiderocol. Overall, our work has implications for antibiotic target prioritization, and for using additional combinations of β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitors that can extend the utility of our current clinical arsenal of antibacterial therapies.
Structural design and antibacterial properties of porous SiO 2 /ZnO /Cu 2 O composites
Authors: Chao Chen , Li Manna , Shen Kai , Yang Lixia , Chen Zhaofeng
Published: February 2023

In this paper, nano ZnO/Cu2O composite powder was used as the main antibacterial agent. Nano ZnO/Cu2O composite powder was fully dispersed in the gel precursor, and then porous SiO2 was prepared by sol-gel method, which was used as the carrier of nano ZnO/Cu2O composite powder. Finally, porous SiO2/ZnO/Cu2O composite materials were obtained. Through the characterization of the phase and structure of the composites, it can be found that nano ZnO/Cu2O is physically embedded in the porous SiO2 skeleton and fully combined with the porous SiO2. Compared with single-component nano ZnO/Cu2O, the specific surface area and pore properties of the composite are significantly improved, which also leads to the improvement of photocatalytic performance. Finally, through the antibacterial performance test of the composites, it can be easily found that the antibacterial rate of the composites reaches 100%. Porous SiO2/ZnO/Cu2O composites provide a new possibility for improving the antibacterial properties of ZnO and Cu2O.
Silencing of LINC00467 inhibits cell proliferation in testicular germ cell tumors cells Running Title: Silencing of LINC00467 regulates cell proliferation
Authors: Zhu Fang , Liu Zhizhong , Zhou Qianyin , Zhou Dai , Fan Jingyu , Bo Hao , Fan Liqing
Published: February 2023

Our previous study showed that LINC00467 expression decreased significantly in testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) compared with adjacent tissue. LINC00467 expression in TGCTs was upregulated at stages II/III compared with stage I, and was negatively correlated with the 5-year overall survival and 5-year disease-free survival. However, the role of LINC00467 in the development of TGCTs remains to be elucidated further. LINC00467 expression was silenced in the NCCIT and TCAM-2 cell lines using small interfering RNA (siRNA). The expression level of genes was validated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analyses. The MTT and CCK8 assays were used to detect cell proliferation. The effects on cell cycle were evaluated using flow cytometry. Western blotting analysis was used to detect the expression level of proteins, while RNA-sequencing and bioinformatics methods were used to explore the mechanism of action of LINC00467 in TGCTs. The silencing of LINC00467 expression decreased cell proliferation, induced S phase arrest, and downregulated the cell cycle-related protein PCNA expression while upregulating the expression of P21. Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) stimulation experiments showed that DHT could upregulate the expression of LINC00467 and that the silencing of LINC00467 could reverse the effect of testosterone on cell proliferation. The Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) showed that the P53 signaling pathway was associated with LINC00467. Our study reported that LINC00467 regulated cell proliferation and induced S phase arrest in TGCTs cells through the cell cycle-related proteins, PCNA, and P21. These enriched the mechanism of non-coding RNAs in the development of TGCTs.
Phytochemicals, Biodegradation, Cytocompatibility and Wound Healing Profiles of Chitosan Film embedded Green Synthesized Antibacterial ZnO/CuO Nanocomposite
Authors: Govindasamy G Ambarasan , Mydin Rabiatul Basria S. M. N. , Gadaime Nasrin K Ramtan , Sreekan Srimala
Published: February 2023

Open wound ulcer treatment remains a great challenge in wound care management especially involving elderly patients and multidrug resistance pathogen. Green-synthesized antibacterial nanocomposites have shown promising benefits in treating open wound ulcers. The present work studied the phytochemicals, biodegradation, storage, cytocompatibility and wound healing profiles of chitosan (Cs) film embedded with ZnO/CuO nanocomposites synthesized from of Calotropis gigantea (C. gigantea) leaf extract. HPLC was used to detect Quercetin bioactive constituent. Our cytocompatibility study demonstrated ZnO/CuO-Cs-1wt.% nanocomposites displayed highest cell viability (~ 169%) at 72 hours treatment. The biodegradation rate of ZnO/CuO-Cs-1wt.% increased proportionally with days of immersion and fully dissolved in 8 days while, commercial control degraded partially. The ZnO/CuO-Cs-1wt.% also exhibited significantly enhanced cell migration (26.81 µm/h) and wound closure (62.35 ± 9.46%) at 12 hours. This finding is also supported by our in vivo excisional open wound studies in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, which showed progressive recovery in 14 days. The controllable release of multiple metal ions (i. e., Zn2+, Cu2+ and Ca2+), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and bioactive elements from green synthesized ZnO/CuO-Cs nanocomposites might contribute to the wound recovery proses. This study highlighted the promising outcomes exhibited from green synthesized ZnO/CuO-Cs-1wt.% in wound healing technology.
Websites about, not for, adolescents? A systematic analysis of online fertility preservation information for adolescent and young adult cancer patients
Authors: Ruiz Sienna , Mintz Rachel , Sijecic Amela , Eggers Michelle , Hoffman Aubri , Woodard Terri , Bjonard Kari Louise , Hoefgen Holly , Sandheinrich Taryn , Omurtag Kenan , Housten Ashley J.
Published: February 2023

Purpose
Fertility preservation is an increasingly important topic in adolescent and young adult cancer survivorship, yet treatments remain under-utilized, possibly due to lack of awareness and understanding. The internet is widely used by adolescents and young adults and has been proposed to fill knowledge gaps and advance high-quality, more equitable care. As a first step, this study analyzed the quality of current fertility preservation resources online and identified opportunities for improvement.
Methods
We conducted a systematic analysis of 500 websites to assess the quality, readability, and desirability of website features, and the inclusion of clinically relevant topics.
Results
The majority of the 68 eligible websites were low quality, written at college reading levels, and included few features that younger patients find desirable. Websites mentioned more common fertility preservation treatments than promising experimental treatments, and could be improved with cost information, socioemotional impacts, and other equity-related fertility topics.
Conclusions
Currently, the majority of fertility preservation websites are about, but not for, adolescent and young adult patients. High-quality educational websites are needed that address outcomes that matter to teens and young adults, with a priority on solutions that prioritize equity.
Implications for Cancer Survivors:
Adolescent and young adult survivors have limited access to high-quality fertility preservation websites that are designed for their needs. There is a need for the development of fertility preservation websites that are clinically comprehensive, written at appropriate reading levels, inclusive, and desirable. We include specific recommendations that future researchers can use to develop websites that could better address AYA populations and improve the fertility preservation decision making process.
AON: A service to augment Alliance Genome Resource data with additional species
Authors: Kearney Sophie , Baker Erich
Published: February 2023

Objective: Cross-species comparative genomics requires access to accurate homology data across the entire range of annotated genes. The Alliance of Genome Resources (AGR) provides an open-source and comprehensive database of homology data calculated using a wide array of algorithms at differing stringencies to elucidate orthologous relationships. However, the current AGR application program interface (API) is limited to five homology endpoints for nine species. While AGR provides a robust resource for several canonical species, its utility can be greatly enhanced by increased filtering and data processing options and incorporating additional species.
Results: Here, we describe a novel API tool, AON, that expands access to the AGR orthology resource by creating a data structure that supports 50 additional endpoints. More importantly, it provides users with a framework for adding bespoke endpoints, custom species, and additional orthology data. We demonstrate AON's functionality by incorporating the service into the GeneWeaver ecosystem for supporting cross-species data analysis.
Impacts of Testing, Vaccination, and Immunity on COVID-19 Cases in Schools
Authors: Branch-Elliman Westyn , Ertem Zeynep , Nelson Richard , Danesharasteh Anseh , Berlin David , Schechter-Perkins Elissa
Published: February 2023

Massachusetts supported several testing programs to facilitate in-person learning in 2021-22. The aim of this state-wide, retrospective cohort study was to assess the impact of these testing programs and immunity on COVID-19 case rates in students.
N=652,353 students (~ 59% of eligible population) at 2,141 schools consented to participate in in-school testing. High vaccination uptake and community immunity acquired via prior infection mitigated COVID-19 cases in elementary and secondary schools. High vaccination reduced the incidence of COVID-19 cases in elementary schools by 5.1% but protection waned after 8-10 weeks. During the delta period, higher cumulative community incidence rates were associated with higher case rates in schools; during the omicron period, this association reversed, such that schools in communities with lower levels of prior infection had higher rates of infection. Neither the test-to-stay modified quarantine program nor the pooled testing surveillance program were associated with substantial changes in cases.
Transfer learning based framework for image segmentation using medical images and Tversky similarity
Authors: Nampalle Kishore Babu , Uppala Vivek Narayan , Raman Balasubramanian
Published: February 2023

Medical image segmentation and further processing are extremely difficult due to the variations in images produced by various medical imaging techniques. In addition, characteristics like color, size, shape, and the separation of the foreground and background in an image pose additional challenges. Innovative ideas and efficient designs are needed to provide more accurate results. The size of the labeled dataset also significantly impacts how effectively the proposed deep learning architecture-based model works. To achieve better segmentation results using skin cancer datasets, this paper describes a method for implementing the deep learning framework using pre-trained models. This paper proposes the MU-Net, in which the encoder part of U-Net has been replaced with a MobileNetV2 model that has already been trained and uses a focal tversky loss function to control data and class imbalances and obtain high segmentation accuracy. This method is better than existing models as it has a less number of parameters (and thus requires less computation) and is less prone to overfitting, which is a menace for medical image datasets (as most of them are small). The efficiency of the proposed work has been analyzed by comparing its performance with existing models and evaluated based on performance metrics. It surpasses the competition with high accuracy (99%) and low loss (6%).The acclaimed deep learning architecture has improved performance and is more beneficial for segmentation and classification in other domains.
Oriented secondary magnetite micro-inclusions in plagioclase from oceanic gabbro
Authors: Bian Ge , Ageeva Olga , Roddatis Vladimir , Habler Gerlinde , Schreiber Anja , Abart Rainer
Published: February 2023

Plagioclase-hosted submicrometer to micrometer-sized oriented needle- and lath-shaped magnetite micro-inclusions with their elongation direction aligned parallel to the plagioclase [001] (PL[001]) direction were investigated using correlated optical, scanning electron, and scanning transmission electron microscopy. The PL[001] magnetite micro-inclusions formed from older generations of differently oriented magnetite micro-inclusions by recrystallization during hydrothermal alteration. Six orientation variants of PL[001] magnetite micro-inclusions occur, and they share the same shape orientation but differ in their crystallographic orientation relationships to the plagioclase host. The magnetite-plagioclase interfaces are facetted. High-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy revealed that interface facets are aligned parallel to low-index lattice planes corresponding to oxygen layers of either magnetite or plagioclase. In addition, the linkage between prominent crystal structure elements of magnetite and plagioclase across the interfaces and accommodation mechanisms minimizing misfit between the two crystal structures were discerned. Combined evidence suggests that the shape and shape orientation, as well as the crystallographic orientation relationships between the magnetite micro-inclusions and the plagioclase host, are crystallographically controlled. The close crystal-structural link between magnetite precipitates and plagioclase host ensures a low-energy configuration driving recrystallization of older generations of differently orientated magnetite micro-inclusions into those that are aligned parallel to PL[001] and facilitates the underlying reaction kinetics. Due to their single to pseudo-single domain characteristics, the plagioclase-hosted magnetite micro-inclusions are particularly robust carriers of natural remanent magnetization. Recrystallization of differently oriented preexisting magnetite micro-inclusions into magnetite micro-inclusions with uniform shape orientation parallel to PL[001] has interesting consequences for the magnetic anisotropy of magnetite-bearing plagioclase grains.
Hydrogen bond symmetrization and high-spin to low-spin transition of ε-FeOOH at the pressure of Earth’s lower mantle
Authors: Insixiengmay Leslie , Stixrude Lars
Published: February 2023

We focus on the ferric end-member of phase H: ε-FeOOH using density functional theory at the PBEsol+U level. At 300 K, we find that ε-FeOOH undergoes a hydrogen bond symmetrization at 37 GPa and a sharp high-spin to low-spin transition at 45 GPa. We find excellent agreement with experimental measurements of the equation of state, lattice parameters, atomic positions, vibrational frequencies, and optical properties as related to the band gap, which we find to be finite and small, decreasing with pressure. The hydrogen bond symmetrization transition is neither first-nor second-order, with no discontinuity in volume or any of the elastic moduli. Computed IR and Raman frequencies and intensities show that vibrational spectroscopy may provide the best opportunity for locating the hydrogen bond symmetrization transition experimentally. We find that ε-FeOOH is highly anisotropic in both longitudinal- and shear-wave velocities at all pressures, with the shear wave velocity varying with propagation and polarization direction by as much as 24% at zero pressure and 43% at 46 GPa. The shear and bulk elastic moduli increase by 18% across the high-spin to low-spin transition.
PHYLOGENETIC AND TAXONOMIC ANALYSIS OF BACTERIAL COMMUNITIES IDENTIFIED FROM THE METHANE EMISSION SITES USING 16S RRNA METAGENOMIC SEQUENCING
Authors:   Ph. D. Scholar, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi-110067, India., Verma Akanksha , Kumar Sanjay ,   Ph. D. Scholar, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi-110067, India., Maitra S.S. ,   Associate Professor, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi-110067, India.
Published: February 2023

Since methane is a much more potent greenhouse gas than CO2, scientists are worried about methane emissions from various sources. The major fields for methane production are fuel production sites, crop production fields, and waste disposal sites due to the anaerobic decomposition of animal and vegetation wastes at these sites by bacterial communities. Considering this, we studied bacterial communities in the Oil-Natural Gas Field and Paddy Field, two major sites for methane emission. In this study, the Illumina MiSeq platform was used to identify the methanotrophs and other bacterial communities involved in methane and natural gas production, explicitly using their 16S amplicon (V3-V4) hypervariable regions. This study observed several methane-oxidizing and producing bacterial families at the Oil-Natural Gas Field and Paddy Field.
SINGLE INSTITUTION STUDY ON THE MANAGEMENT OF CHILDHOOD BLADDER AND PROSTATE RHABDOMYOSARCOMA
Authors:   Radiation Therapy Department, National Institute of Oncology, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco., Ahmut H. , Benmessaoud H. ,   Radiation Therapy Department, National Institute of Oncology, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco., Bouhia H. ,   Radiation Therapy Department, National Institute of Oncology, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco., Elmajjaoui S. ,   Radiation Therapy Department, National Institute of Oncology, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco., Elkacemi H. ,   Radiation Therapy Department, National Institute of Oncology, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco., Kebdani T. ,   Radiation Therapy Department, National Institute of Oncology, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco., Hassouni K. ,   Radiation Therapy Department, National Institute of Oncology, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco.
Published: February 2023

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common type of soft-tissue sarcoma seen in the pediatric population, but it is rarely located in the bladder. Treatment for RMS is multifaceted, often involving a team of specialists to ensure the best outcome for the patient. The prognosis for RMS varies depending on the type and stage of the cancer as well as the age of the patient. This study reports on 8 cases of bladder rhabdomyosarcoma that were treated at the National Institute of Oncology in Rabat between 2008 and 2014.Through a review of these cases and the literature, this article discusses the diagnosis and treatment of this rare type of cancer.
DIGITALIZING COMMUNITY-BASED HEALTH INSURANCE IN ETHIOPIA
Authors:   Department of Public Administrative and Development Management, Ambo University, Ambo, Oromiya (Ethiopia)., Namomsa Daraje Gutama ,   Doctorial School of Public Administrative Science, University of Public Service Budapest, Hungary.
Published: February 2023

Background: It is the plan of the Ethiopian government in order to digitalize the health care system. Though the digitalizing of the health care system in the country is at its infant stage and some of the projects fail. Different challenges have contributed to this low implementation of ICT in most Ethiopian healthcare systems. Methodology: This study is a systematic type of review and the major source of articles used in this study were searched from databases such as PubMed, Scopus Google, Google Scholar, and other online databases. This study included eight studies that state the ICT implementation and related challenges in the health care system and community-based health insurance (CBHI). Results: This study has identified 14 challenges to implementing ICT in the Ethiopian Health care system Age, educational status, computer access, personal initiation, infrastructure, computer skill, poor internet connection, budget shortage and management style, workload, patient interaction, Lack of e-government readiness, absence of multi-sectorial involvement and lack of enabling policies. Conclusion: This systematic review study underlined that poor ICT infrastructure, lack of computer skills, shortage of budget, Management style and lack of enabling policies were the most common challenges in the implementation of ICT in the Ethiopian health care system.
APPLICABILITY OF THE PROPOSED SYDNEY SYSTEM: CLASSIFICATION AND REPORTING OF LYMPH NODE FINE-NEEDLE CYTOLOGY
Authors:   Department of Pathology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital New Delhi, India., Shankar Meenakshi , Singh Mukul ,   Department of Pathology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital New Delhi, India., Pandey Himansha ,   Department of Pathology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital New Delhi, India., Gautam Akansha ,   Department of Pathology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital New Delhi, India.
Published: February 2023

Most of the disease conditions whether benign or malignancypresents as lymphadenopathy. Therefore, first line evaluation of lymphadenopathy of unknown etiology, fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNC) act as an important diagnostic tool. Recently, an expert panel published the proposal of the Sydney system for reporting and classification of lymph node cytopathology. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the applicability of Sydney system of classification and reporting. Material and method: It is retrospective study done in tertiary health care center in which FNC diagnoses were correlated with histopathological and clinical follow-up, to assess the diagnostic accuracy and the risk of malignancy (ROM) for each diagnostic category. A total of 1204 lymph node FNCs that were performed between 1st of January 2021to 31st of August 2021 were reviewed. Results: Out of 1204 cases, n=127 cases (10.5%) were re-categorized as L1-inadequate/non-diagnostic n = 805 (66.8%) as benign (L2) n = 12 (0.99%) as atypical (L3) n = 15 (1.24%) as suspicious (L4), and n = 241 (20%) as malignant (L5). Statistical analysis: Sensitivity 99.37%, specificity 98.31%, positive predictive value 99.6%, negative predictive value 98.5%, and accuracy 98.12%. The ROM was 100% for L4 and L5category, 66.6% for L3, 1.51% and 0.66% for L1 and L2 categories, respectively. Conclusion:In lymph node FNC reporting, diagnostic accuracy can be improved by the implementation of Sydney system of classification and reporting. Moreover management recommendation specific for each categories with increased ROM that enables the clinician with better management of patient care.
FREEDOM VS DEPENDENCY INDONESIAN SOCIETY IN VIEWING WOMEN FULFILLING OR PERFORMING THEIR SEXUAL ACTIONS VIEWED THROUGH DJENARMAESA AYUS FICTIONAL WORKS
Authors:   Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia S3 Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia., a Imayah , b Darni ,   Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia S3 Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia., Tjahjono Tengsoe ,   Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia S3 Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia.
Published: February 2023

Sex is a biological need that humans have. Every human being, both women and men need sex in their life. The differentiator of the sexual needs of every human being is the intensity, knowledge, and attitude of the human being when fulfilling these needs. In countries that adhere to Western culture or tend to be more modern, they think that sex is something that can be discussed anytime and anywhere, but in Eastern cultures or developing countries, sex is considered something that is still taboo and not worth discussing easily. In Indonesia, sex is considered something that is still exclusive and cannot be discussed haphazardly. One form of sexual exclusivity can be seen from literary works in Indonesia. One of the Indonesian authors who discusses sex openly in his work is DjenarMaesa Ayu. Djenar is considered one of the controversial authors who raises sex as the main part discussed in his work menu. This study found that there is an imbalance in the mindset of sex, especially if the transporter is a woman. In his work, Djenar explained that women are considered as figures who have freedom in acting and relating, as well as in sex, but unfortunately this freedom reaps contradictions and polemics so that women in his work experience negative connotations.
EDUCATION OF THE DESCENDANTS OF REFUGEES IN WEST BENGAL: A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN FIRST-GENERATION AND SECOND-GENERATION DESCENDANTS
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Education, Assam University., Biswas Arup
Published: February 2023

ThepartitionoftheIndianSub-continentintoIndiaandPakistanleftmillionsofHindus,SikhsandMuslimsinhugetroubles,whichcausedthemassexodusincomparableinworldhistory.Thebirthoftwodominionsonthegroundofreligionleadsnewsocio-politicalequationsonbothsidesofborder.ItisuniqueabouttheBengalpartitionunlikethemassiveexchangeofpopulationsin1947-50onthewesternborderofIndia,theinfluxofrefugeesacrosstheBengalborderremainedacontinualprocessfordecadestofollow.TherefugeesfromEastPakistannowBangladeshmainlytookshelterinWestBengal.Therefugeesfirststruggleforfoodandshelter.Afteralongwait,theyabletomanageit.Thencomestheeducationoftheserefugee-children.Admissiontoschoolisoftenbecomesmajorproblemforthesechildren.Sometime,theystartgoingtoschoolbutduetopovertyor others,theyaretoleaveschools. Onlywitheducation,therefugeeandthedescendantsofrefugeescancometothemainstreamofcountrylife.Educationprovidesopportunitiesforstudent,theirfamiliesandcommunitiestobeginthetraumahealingprocess,andtolearntheskillandvaluesneededforapeacefulfutureandbettergovernance.Therearestudieswhichexploretherehabilitationandtheprocessofinfluxandthedevelopmentworksbythevariousagenciesorresearchers.Butspecifically,educationoftherefugeesinWestBengalfromEastPakistanhasnotbeenemphasizedinthoseresearches.Thisstudywillexploreindetailsoftheeducationreceivedbythedescendantsofrefugeeswithacomparativestudyoffirst-generationdescendantsandsecond-generationdescendants.
Carbon from above-ground biomass and litter accumulated in an Atlantic Forest fragment
Authors: Santos Adriano Castelo dos , Freire Maria Betânia Galvão dos Santos , Mossio Lucca Silveira Mousinho , Marangon Luiz Carlos , Freire Fernando José , Lima Rosival Barros de Andrade , Borges César Henrique Alves , Melo Giovana Elvira de
Published: February 2023

This work aimed to quantify carbon (C) stocks from above-ground biomass (AGB) and accumulated litter in a fragment of the Atlantic Forest biome (edge and interior) in Northeastern Brazil. The study was carried out in areas with native vegetation, in a fragment of Atlantic tropical forest, municipality of Sirinhaém, Pernambuco, Brazil. AGB was quantified using the allometric equation proposed for tropical rainforests. The samples of plant material were dried at 60°C, weighed and ground, and then taken to the laboratory for analysis of organic C contents by dry combustion. AGB stocks were not different between the fragment edge and interior environments. The AGB stratification into diameter classes showed that large trees are important for the storage of biomass in trees. Litter biomass stocks also did not differ between edge and interior. The branch compartment showed higher levels of C. The C-AGB stocks were not different between edge and interior, similar to the C-litter. C stocks did not differ between interior and edge among tree species, except for Protium heptaphyllum, which had the highest C stocks at edges. With this study, we hope to contribute to improving C estimates in fragmented forests to support forest conservation policies, support REDD+ projects, and access to carbon credits
Metrics for optimum allocation of resources on the composition and characterization of crop collections: The CIMMYT wheat collection as a proof of concept
Authors: Valdés M. Humberto Reyes- , Burgueño Juan , Sansaloni Carolina Paola , Payne Thomas , Pacheco Angela , Cortés Areli González-
Published: February 2023

Crop genebank collections are important resources for preserving genetic diversity to face the worldwide demand for food and coping with crop diseases and climate change. However, genebanks tend to accumulate materials without systematic collection growth. Thus, tools for optimizing collections are expected to help improvement of genebanks quality. Furthermore, the genotyping efforts of genebanks would benefit from tools that can help to sample the accessions. A set of parameters to aid the optimization of genebanks are defined, in which Relative Balance is central. In this study, the foundation of our mathematical approach was Kullback-Leibler divergence, providing formulas with consistent properties. Two examples were used as proof of concept. The first one was the comparison between actual and putative optimal numbers of accessions in the Triticum set of the CIMMYT (Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maíz y Trigo) Wheat Germplasm Bank, with 135,236 entries classified into ten groups. The second one was based on a set containing Triticum plus eight related genera, with 159,741 accessions classified into 217 end-groups, with the goal of illustrating the use of the analytical tools to optimize the ongoing genotyping process. The first example shows a scenario with a well-balanced allocation of accessions. The second example illustrates the optimized choice of end-groups to add 10,000 accessions to the genotyping process. The proof of concept showed the consistency and usefulness of the proposed methods for the improvement of composition in collections and their characterization.
Effect of Seasonal, Altitudinal and Climatical Variations on SLA and LMA Parameters of Diospyros kaki L.
Authors: ERBAY Murat , BİLGİN Ali , GÜZEL İZMİRLİ Şule
Published: February 2023

In the present study, the variation of key leaf characteristics, such as SLA and
LMA in plant samples collected from four locations were determined using a
Li-Cor portable leaf area measuring device. The effect of seasonal, altitudinal
and climatic variations on SLA and LMA was evaluated. There were
significant differences (P<0.01) in SLA and LMA values in terms of localities,
months, temperature and precipitation. There were both elevation and seasonal
variables in SLA and LMA values. The highest SLA and LMA values were in
May and December, respectively. SLA and LMA values increased and
decreased with increasing elevation, respectively. SLA and LMA of Diospyros
kaki were related with temperature and precipitation. Results indicated that
there were variations on SLA and LMA parameters due to ecological factors.
TRENDS IN UNMET NEED FOR FAMILY PLANNING 1990 – 2018: ITS CORRELATION WITH SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC INDICES AND MODERN CONTRACEPTIVE PREVALENCE RATES IN NIGERIA
Authors:   1United Nations Population Fund, United Nations House, Plot 617/618, Diplomatic Drive, Abuja, Nigeria., Alayande Audu , Bello Yusuf , Bajowa Lanre , Evborein Elvis Enahoro , Nuhu Islamiyat A. , Umeh Gregory C
Published: February 2023

This desk review of previous Demographic and Health Surveys (1990–2018) aims to shed light on changes in unmet family planning needs and its connections to sociodemographic factors, women's empowerment, and gender-based violence. Utilizing USAID Statcompiler, these variables were cross-tabulated, and tables of trends were used to display the results. Although women in metropolitan areas, in the southern half of the country, with just primary education, and those in the fourth wealth quintile have the greatest unmet demand. There is no discernible association between the prevalence of contemporary contraceptives, women's decision-making, and unmet family planning needs (mCPR). The lack of a consistent trend relationship between unmet need and some of the socio-demographic variables call for further in-depth surveys to understand the direct and indirect factors which determines individual and couples’ fertility preference and the need for contraception.
Para uma crítica feminista ao neoliberalismo
Authors: Neis Ribeiro Luísa , Renostro Heinen Luana
Published: February 2023

Para compreender o que é neoliberalismo, identificamos três abordagens principais: 1) política econômica – um projeto político de restabelecimento das condições da acumulação do capital e restauração do poder das elites econômicas; 2) modelo de Estado e políticas públicas – um Estado pequeno no que se refere às políticas sociais (quase sempre terceirizadas), mas forte para imprimir na sociedade as marcas e valores do mercado e exercer controle social; 3) uma ética neoliberal – a ideia de que cada um é responsável por sua própria vida e situação socioeconômica. A ética neoliberal, que funciona como ideologia de sustentação do desmantelamento do Estado de bem-estar, afeta de forma especial as mulheres: recai sobre elas o peso da maior individualização da ideia de cuidado (cada vez mais atribuída à família e menos ao Estado), sem garantia de igualdade de oportunidades no espaço público (na política ou no trabalho). A proposta do trabalho é demonstrar como o feminismo marxista contribui para uma crítica mais contundente ao neoliberalismo. A partir de Ângela Davis, argumenta-se pela necessidade premente da socialização das tarefas domésticas como meio de se evidenciar a responsabilidade coletiva pelo cuidado e pelo bem-estar dos seres humanos em sociedade.