bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Riociguat for treatment of pulmonary hypertension in COPD: a translational study
Authors: Pichl Alexandra , Sommer Natascha , Bednorz Mariola , Seimetz Michael , Hadzic Stefan , Kuhnert Stefan , Kraut Simone , Roxlau Elsa T. , Kojonazarov Baktybek , Wilhelm Jochen , Gredic Marija , Gall Henning , Tello Khodr , Richter Manuel J. , Pak Oleg , Petrovic Aleksandar , Hecker Matthias , Schermuly Ralph T. , Grimminger Friedrich , Seeger Werner , Ghofrani Hossein A. , Weissmann Norbert
Published: April 2019

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which comprises the phenotypes of chronic bronchitis and emphysema, is often associated with pulmonary hypertension (PH). However, currently, no approved therapy exists for PH-COPD. Signalling of the nitric oxide (NO)–cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) axis plays an important role in PH and COPD.

We investigated the treatment effect of riociguat, which promotes the NO–cGMP pathway, in the mouse model of smoke-induced PH and emphysema in a curative approach, and retrospectively analysed the effect of riociguat treatment on PH in single patients with PH-COPD.

In mice with established PH and emphysema (after 8 months of cigarette smoke exposure), riociguat treatment for another 3 months fully reversed PH. Moreover, histological hallmarks of emphysema were decreased. Microarray analysis revealed involvement of different signalling pathways,e.g.related to matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). MMP activity was decreasedin vivoby riociguat. In PH-COPD patients treated with riociguat (n=7), the pulmonary vascular resistance, airway resistance and circulating MMP levels decreased, while oxygenation at rest was not significantly changed.

Riociguat may be beneficial for treatment of PH-COPD. Further long-term prospective studies are necessary to investigate the tolerability, efficacy on functional parameters and effect specifically on pulmonary emphysema in COPD patients.
Long-term evaluation of home-based pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with fibrotic idiopathic interstitial pneumonias
Authors: Wallaert Benoit , Duthoit Louise , Drumez Elodie , Behal Hélène , Wemeau Lidwine , Chenivesse Cécile , Grosbois Jean-Marie
Published: April 2019

Background

Few studies have examined the benefits of pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with fibrotic idiopathic pulmonary pneumonia (f-IIP). Here, we report the results of an observational study in routine clinical practice of home-based pulmonary rehabilitation for f-IIP patients.

Methods

A total of 112 consecutive patients (61 with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and 51 with fibrotic nonspecific interstitial pneumonitis) were enrolled, of whom 65 had mild-to-moderate disease (forced vital capacity (FVC) ≥50% predicted and diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) ≥30% predicted) and 47 had severe disease (FVC <50% predicted and/orDLCO<30% predicted). The 2-month pulmonary rehabilitation programme consisted of a once-weekly visit with retraining, therapeutic education and psychosocial support. Patients were provided with an individualised action plan and were followed-up bimonthly for 12 months. Exercise tolerance (6-min stepper test (6MST)), mood (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)) and quality of life (QoL) (Visual Simplified Respiratory Questionnaire (VSRQ)) were assessed before (T0), immediately after (T2), 6 months after (T8) and 12 months after (T14) the end of the pulmonary rehabilitation programme.

Results

6MST strokes, HADS Anxiety score and VSRQ score were each significantly improved at T2(n=101), T8(n=76) and T14(n=62) compared with T0values. The improvements in outcomes were not influenced by disease severity or subtype. Patients who completed the study had significantly better baseline FVC andDLCOvalues than those who did not.

Conclusions

Home-based pulmonary rehabilitation provides long-term benefits in exercise tolerance, anxiety and QoL for patients with f-IIP. Pulmonary rehabilitation should be prescribed systematically as part of the therapeutic arsenal for these patients.
Unsupervised seismic facies using Gaussian mixture models
Authors: Wallet Bradley C. , Hardisty Robert
Published: April 2019

As the use of seismic attributes becomes more widespread, multivariate seismic analysis has become more commonplace for seismic facies analysis. Unsupervised machine-learning techniques provide methods of automatically finding patterns in data with minimal user interaction. When using unsupervised machine-learning techniques, such as [Formula: see text]-means or Kohonen self-organizing maps (SOMs), the number of clusters can often be ambiguously defined and there is no measure of how confident the algorithm is in the classification of data vectors. The model-based probabilistic formulation of Gaussian mixture models (GMMs) allows for the number and shape of clusters to be determined in a more objective manner using a Bayesian framework that considers a model’s likelihood and complexity. Furthermore, the development of alternative expectation-maximization (EM) algorithms has allowed GMMs to be more tailored to unsupervised seismic facies analysis. The classification EM algorithm classifies data vectors according to their posterior probabilities that provide a measurement of uncertainty and ambiguity (often called a soft classification). The neighborhood EM (NEM) algorithm allows for spatial correlations to be considered to make classification volumes more realistic by enforcing spatial continuity. Corendering the classification with the uncertainty and ambiguity measurements produces an intuitive map of unsupervised seismic facies. We apply a model-based classification approach using GMMs to a turbidite system in Canterbury Basin, New Zealand, to clarify results from an initial SOM and highlight areas of uncertainty and ambiguity. Special focus on a channel feature in the turbidite system using an NEM algorithm shows it to be more realistic by considering spatial correlations within the data.
Seismic graph analysis to aid seismic interpretation
Authors: Ferreira Rodrigo S. , Brazil Emilio Vital , Silva Reinaldo , Cerqueira Renato
Published: April 2019

During the seismic interpretation process, geoscientists rely on their experience and visual analysis to assess the similarity between seismic sections. However, evaluating all of the seismic sections in a 3D survey can be a time-consuming task. When interpreters are working on a data set, a common procedure is to divide the cube in increasingly finer grids until they are satisfied with the result of the interpretation. We have developed a method based on graph theory and image texture in which we represent a seismic data set as a complete weighted undirected graph — which we call a seismic graph. The vertices of this graph represent the seismic sections, and the weight of the edges represents the distance between the texture feature vectors of the vertices they connect, allowing for a powerful yet concise representation of potentially large data sets. We have investigated the potential of graph analysis to build an adaptive grid that is more likely to capture the underlying structures present in a survey, providing a tool for a faster and more precise interpretation. The main idea is that such a grid would be finer in regions with more geologic variations and coarser otherwise. To demonstrate the capabilities of our technique, we apply it on a public data set called Netherlands F3. Using our method, we suggest which seismic sections — key sections — should be considered in the interpretation process. The results of our experiments indicate that our methodology has great potential to aid the seismic interpretation process.
Effect of the GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Exenatide on Impaired Awareness of Hypoglycemia in Type 1 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: van Meijel Lian A , Rooijackers Hanne M , Tack Cees J , de Galan Bastiaan E
Published: April 2019

Context

Impaired awareness of hypoglycemia (IAH), resulting from habituation to recurrent hypoglycemia, can be reversed by strict avoidance of hypoglycemia. Adjunctive treatment with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists may reduce glucose variability, hence lower the risk of hypoglycemia and improve awareness. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of exenatide on awareness of hypoglycemia in patients with type 1 diabetes and IAH.

Methods

This was a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial. Ten patients with type 1 diabetes and IAH were included [age, 38.5 ± 4.4 years; 40% males; glycated hemoglobin 7.2% ± 0.4% (55.2 ± 4.8 mmol/mol)]. Patients were treated with exenatide 5 µg twice daily (first two weeks), followed by 10 µg twice daily (remaining four weeks) or matching placebo, with a four-week washout period. Patients wore blinded glucose sensors in the final weeks and modified hyperinsulinemic normoglycemic-hypoglycemic glucose clamps (nadir 2.5 mmol/L) were performed at the end of each treatment period.

Results

Treatment with exenatide caused body weight to decrease compared with placebo (−3.9 ± 0.9 vs 0.6 ± 1.2 kg, P = 0.047). Exenatide did not change mean 24-hour glucose levels (8.3 ± 0.4 vs 8.5 ± 0.3 mmol/L, exenatide vs placebo, P = 0.64), median (interquartile range) percentage of time spent in hypoglycemia [15.5 (4.5, 25.5) vs 7.8 (4.4, 17.1)%, P = 0.11] and frequency of hypoglycemia (15.8 ± 3.7 vs 12.1 ± 3.5, P = 0.19). Symptom scores in response to clamped hypoglycemia were similar between exenatide [median change 1.0 (−1.5, 7.0)] and placebo [4.5 (1.5, 5.8), P = 0.08].

Conclusions

Six weeks of treatment with exenatide did not improve awareness of hypoglycemia in patients with type 1 diabetes and IAH.
Draft genome assembly and transcriptome sequencing of the golden algae Hydrurus foetidus (Chrysophyceae)
Authors: Bråte Jon , Fuss Janina , Jakobsen Kjetill S. , Klaveness Dag
Published: April 2019

Hydrurus foetidus is a freshwater alga belonging to the phylum Heterokonta. It thrives in cold rivers in polar and high alpine regions. It has several morphological traits reminiscent of single-celled eukaryotes, but can also form macroscopic thalli. Despite its ability to produce polyunsaturated fatty acids, its life under cold conditions and its variable morphology, very little is known about its genome and transcriptome. Here, we present an extensive set of next-generation sequencing data, including genomic short reads from Illumina sequencing and long reads from Nanopore sequencing, as well as full length cDNAs from PacBio IsoSeq sequencing and a small RNA dataset (smaller than 200 bp) sequenced with Illumina. We combined this data with, to our knowledge, the first draft genome assembly of a chrysophyte algae. The assembly consists of 5069 contigs to a total assembly size of 171 Mb and a 77% BUSCO completeness. The new data generated here may contribute to a better understanding of the evolution and ecological roles of chrysophyte algae, as well as to resolve the branching patterns within the Heterokonta.
Anti-infective potential of hydroalcoholic extract of Punica granatum peel against gram-negative bacterial pathogens
Authors: Joshi Chinmayi , Patel Pooja , Kothari Vijay
Published: April 2019

Background: Punica granatum extracts have been prescribed in traditional medicine for management of a variety of disease conditions including microbial infections. Generation of scientific evidence for validation of P. granatum peel extract’s anti-pathogenic efficacy is required.

Methods: Hydroalcoholic extract of P. granatum peel (PGPE), prepared by microwave assisted extraction method was evaluated for its quorum-modulatory potential against two different human-pathogenic bacteria viz. Chromobacterium violaceum and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Results: This extract was able to modulate in vitro production of quorum sensing-regulated pigments in both these test bacteria at ≥5 μg/ml. Virulence traits of P. aeruginosa like haemolytic activity, and biofilm formation were negatively affected by the test extract, and it also made P. aeruginosa more susceptible to lysis by human serum. Antibiotic susceptibility of both test bacteria was modulated owing to pre-treatment with PGPE. Exposure of these test pathogens to PGPE (≥0.5 μg/ml) effectively reduced their virulence towards the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Repeated subculturing of P. aeruginosa on PGPE-supplemented growth medium did not induce resistance to PGPE in this notorious pathogen, and this extract was also found to exert a post-extract effect on P. aeruginosa. Individual constituent phytocompounds of PGPE were found to be less efficacious than the whole extract. PGPE seemed to interfere with the signal-response machinery of P. aeruginosa and C. violaceum. PGPE also exhibited notable prebiotic potential by promoting growth of probiotic strains- Bifidobacterium bifidum and Lactobacillus plantarum at ≤50 μg/ml.

Conclusions: This study indicates PGPE to be an effective antipathogenic and prebiotic preparation, and validates its therapeutic use mentioned in traditional medicine. This study also emphasizes the need for testing any bioactive extract at broadest possible concentration range, particularly in vivo, so that an accurate picture of dose-response relationship can emerge.
Gender Differences in Job Entry Decisions: A University-Wide Field Experiment
Authors: Samek Anya
Published: April 2019

The gender difference in competitiveness has been cited as an important factor driving the gender gap in labor market outcomes. Using a field experiment with more than 35,000 university students, I explore the impact of compensation scheme on willingness to apply for a job. I find that competitive compensation schemes that depend on relative performance disproportionately deter women from applying. I do not find the same deterrence effect under a compensation scheme in which students face uncertain payoffs independent of performance. I also test the impact of describing the job as helping a charity, and this increases the willingness to apply but does not affect the gender gap. My findings are important for managers, who need to understand the impact of different compensation schemes on the share of women recruited for a job posting.

The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2018.3107 .

This paper was accepted by Yan Chen, behavioral economics.
The Information Advantage of Underwriters in IPOs
Authors: Chiang Yao-Min , Lowry Michelle , Qian Yiming
Published: April 2019

Using a unique data set of dealer-level trading data in bookbuilding initial public offerings (IPOs), we find strong evidence that lead underwriter trades in IPO firms are significantly related to subsequent IPO abnormal returns. This relation is concentrated among issues in which underwriters’ information advantage is likely greater, specifically among IPOs with higher information asymmetry or subject to higher investor sentiment and among underwriters with the most industry experience. In contrast, we find no similar relation for trades by other syndicate members, who are not involved in due diligence or pricing, or around auction IPOs, which are characterized by less underwriter involvement. Our results are consistent with the joint hypothesis that underwriters of bookbuilding IPOs gain unique insight into the values of these client firms and that they trade on this information advantage.

This paper was accepted by Gustavo Manso, finance.
The effect of OMEGA-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on ambulatory blood pressure monitoring parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy
Authors: Serhiyenko Victoria A. , Mankovsky Boris N. , Serhiyenko Ludmila М. , Serhiyenko Aleksandr A.
Published: April 2019

Background: Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which is characterized by lesion of nerve fibers in parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous system is one of the leading causes of heart arrhythmias and an independent risk factor for cardiovascular mortality in patients with T2DM. Therefore, the problem of effective treatment of CAN is particularly relevant.
Aims: To analyze the effect of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (-3 PUFAs) on ambulatory blood pressure monitoring parameters in patients with T2DM and CAN.
Materials and methods: 36 patients with T2DM and confirmed CAN were divided into two groups. First group received hypoglycemic therapy (n=15, control) for three months; patients in group 2 (n=21) in addition were administered 1 capsule/q.d. of -3 PUFAs for three month.
Results: Treatment with -3 PUFAs led to significant decrease of the diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (p0,01), diastolic blood pressure load (p0,05), time index of DBP (p0,05) during the day; DBP (p0,05), diastolic blood pressure load (p0,05), time index of DBP (p0,05), SD DBP (p0,01) during the night (compared to the control group).
Conclusions: The study showed that prescription of -3 PUFAs for three month was effective in decreasing diastolic blood pressure and its parameters among patients with T2DM and CAN.
Features the interaction of functional and metabolic remodeling of myocardium in comorbid course of ischemic heart disease and 2 type diabetes mellitus
Authors: Afanasiev Sergey A. , Kondratieva Dina S. , Egorova Margarita V. , Akhmedov Shamil D. , Budnikova Olesya V. , Popov Sergey V.
Published: April 2019

Background: Metabolic and structural changes in cardiomyocytes in diabetes mellitus lead to aggravation of contractile myocardial dysfunction in coronary heart disease (CHD). The contractility dysfunction of cardiomyocytes is determined by a change in the levels of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+-ATPase and energetic supply of the cardiomyocytes.
Aims: To study the features of functional remodeling of the heart muscle in coronary heart disease with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) depend on the level of Ca2+-ATPase and the activity of enzymes involved in energy metabolism.
Materials and methods: The work was performed on the heart biopsy of patients with CHD and patients with CHD combined with DM2. The inotropic reaction of myocardial strips on rest periods was assessed. The expression level of Ca2+-ATPase, the activity of enzymes succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and the intensity of oxidative phosphorylation processes were determined.
Results: The interval-force relationship in patients with CHD with and without DM2 had both negative and positive dynamics. The positive dynamics corresponds to the "high content" of the Ca2+-ATPase and the negative dynamics corresponds to the "low content" were found. At the combined pathology the positive inotropic dynamics is more pronounced and corresponds to a higher protein level. In the patients myocardium with CHD the activity of SDH and LDH was higher, while the oxygen uptake rate by mitochondria was higher in the myocardium with combined pathology.
Conclusions: The potentiation of inotropic response of patient myocardium with CHD with and without DM2 corresponds to the "high level" of Ca2+-ATPase. In the combined pathology the inotropic capabilities of the myocardium are more expressed. In CHD the synthesis of ATP in cardiomyocytes is realized mainly due to glycolytic processes and Krebs cycle. In combined pathology the ATP synthesis is realized to a greater extent due to the oxidative phosphorylation.
Agnieszka Piela, Słownik frazeologizmów z archaizmami. Pamiątki przeszłości, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN,Warszawa 2018, ss. 346
Authors: Walczak Bogdan
Published: April 2019

Agnieszka Piela, Słownik frazeologizmów z archaizmami. Pamiątki przeszłości, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN,Warszawa 2018, ss. 346.
Hasło LUTER w słownikach Bartłomieja z Bydgoszczy 1532 i 1544
Authors: Jankowiak Lucyna Agnieszka
Published: April 2019

This paper discusses the first 3 mentions of the entry LUTER, as a common word, in the Polish language. They were recorded by Bartlomiej of Bydgoszcz in his dictionaries dated 1532 and 1544. According to the analysis made in the article, these are the examples of extremely quick registration of a new word in the Polish language, and most probably the only confirmations of this lexeme in dictionaries in 16th century and two subsequent centuries. The detailed write-up of the location of the entry LUTER in both dictionaries by Bartlomiej allowed the recollection of the lexicographic method applied by the monk and – in comparison with other religious Polish vocabulary – emphasizing the uniqueness of recording the entry LUTER as a common word, only a dozen years after the Reformation.
Miejsce i znaczenie protestanckich przekładów Pisma Świętego w historii polszczyzny biblijnej (zarys opisu)
Authors: Koziara Stanisław
Published: April 2019

The paper is an attempt at the synthetic look into this part of Polish bible translation heritage, whose integral part are the translations of the Bible in Protestant circles. The fundamental thesis of the work is based on the statement that Protestant translations of the Bible into Polish contributed substantially to its quantitative and qualitative evolution, as well as constitute one of the main sources of the development of the biblical stylistic variant of Polish. The greatest attention has been paid to the role and significance of Polish Bible translations in this process, which were made in the times of Reformation and Counter-Reformation, as well as to the attempt at indicating some links that appeared between the most important Catholic and Protestant translations of this period. The paper provides numerous references to previous views on the investigated issues, and provides a range of new suggestions, e.g. a periodization of the history of biblical Polish language, as well as indicates the need for further work in this field.
Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist Treatment Does Not Reduce Abuse-Related Effects of Opioid Drugs
Authors: Bornebusch Annika Billefeld , Fink-Jensen Anders , Wörtwein Gitta , Seeley Randy J. , Thomsen Morgane
Published: April 2019

Dependence on opioids and the number of opioid overdose deaths are serious and escalating public health problems, but medication-assisted treatments for opioid addiction remain inadequate for many patients. Glucagon-like pepide-1 (GLP-1) is a gut hormone and neuropeptide with actions in peripheral tissues and in the brain, including regulation of blood glucose and food intake. GLP-1 analogs, which are approved diabetes medications, can reduce the reinforcing and rewarding effects of alcohol, cocaine, amphetamine, and nicotine in rodents. Investigations on effects of GLP-1 analogs on opioid reward and reinforcement have not been reported. We assessed the effects of the GLP-1 receptor agonist Exendin-4 (Ex4) on opioid-related behaviors in male mice, i.e., morphine-conditioned place preference (CPP), intravenous self-administration (IVSA) of the short-acting synthetic opioid remifentanil, naltrexone-precipitated morphine withdrawal, morphine analgesia (male and female mice), and locomotor activity. Ex4 treatment had no effect on morphine-induced CPP, withdrawal, or hyperlocomotion. Ex4 failed to decrease remifentanil self-administration, if anything reinforcing effects of remifentanil appeared increased in Ex4-treated mice relative to saline. Ex4 did not significantly affect analgesia. In contrast, Ex4 dose dependently decreased oral alcohol self-administration, and suppressed spontaneous locomotor activity. Taken together, Ex4 did not attenuate the addiction-related behavioral effects of opioids, indicating that GLP-1 analogs would not be useful medications in the treatment of opioid addiction. This difference between opioids and other drug classes investigated to date may shed light on the mechanism of action of GLP-1 receptor treatment in the addictive effects of alcohol, central stimulants, and nicotine.
Utilising a milk-based meal replacement programme in a bariatric patient with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Maher Michelle , Rafey Mohammed Faraz , Griffin Helena , Cunningham Katie , Finucane Francis M
Published: April 2019

A 45-year-old man with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes (T2DM) (HbA1c 87 mmol/mol) despite 100 units of insulin per day and severe obesity (BMI 40.2 kg/m2) was referred for bariatric intervention. He declined bariatric surgery or GLP1 agonist therapy. Initially, his glycaemic control improved with dietary modification and better adherence to insulin therapy, but he gained weight. We started a low-energy liquid diet, with 2.2 L of semi-skimmed milk (equivalent to 1012 kcal) per day for 8 weeks (along with micronutrient, salt and fibre supplementation) followed by 16 weeks of phased reintroduction of a normal diet. His insulin was stopped within a week of starting this programme, and over 6 months, he lost 20.6 kg and his HbA1c normalised. However, 1 year later, despite further weight loss, his HbA1c deteriorated dramatically, requiring introduction of linagliptin and canagliflozin, with good response. Five years after initial presentation, his BMI remains elevated but improved at 35.5 kg/m2 and his glycaemic control is excellent with a HbA1c of 50 mmol/mol and he is off insulin therapy. Whether semi-skimmed milk is a safe, effective substrate for carefully selected patients with severe obesity complicated by T2DM remains to be determined. Such patients would need frequent monitoring by an experienced multidisciplinary team.

Learning points:

Meal replacement programmes are an emerging therapeutic strategy to allow severely obese type 2 diabetes patients to achieve clinically impactful weight loss.

Using semi-skimmed milk as a meal replacement substrate might be less costly than commercially available programmes, but is likely to require intensive multidisciplinary bariatric clinical follow-up.

For severely obese adults with poor diabetes control who decline bariatric surgery or GLP1 agonist therapy, a milk-based meal replacement programme may be an option.

Milk-based meal replacement in patients with insulin requiring type 2 diabetes causes rapid and profound reductions in insulin requirements, so rigorous monitoring of glucose levels by patients and their clinicians is necessary.

In carefully selected and adequately monitored patients, the response to oral antidiabetic medications may help to differentiate between absolute and relative insulin deficiency.
A non-secretory malignant insulinoma: a case report
Authors: Zarei Mohammad , Dastras Majid , Roshanravan Mostafa
Published: April 2019

Introduction: We report a rare case of non-insulin secreting malignant insulinoma of the pancreas and discuss its medical and surgical management.

Case Presentation: Our patient was a 62- year-old Persian female. Over the previous year, she had developed increased abdominal mass, dizziness, weakness, and fatigue. After surgical operation, chemotherapy was given to the patient. Treatment with cisplatin and etoposide was commenced in a 4-month course.

Conclusion: As a result, chemotherapy showed an important role in the management of insulinoma.
Potencias y alianzas de supervivencia entre mujeres. Liliana Maresca, un recorrido por su obra
Authors: Vaggione Alicia
Published: April 2019

En las narrativas sobre sida la voz que prima no es la de las mujeres. Aquí me interesa considerar esas voces y leerlas en los ecos de sus fuerzas. Este ensayo, centrado en la figura de la artista plástica Liliana Maresca (1951-1994) atiende a la singularidad de su propuesta estético/política leída en conexión con la de otras mujeres (Marta Dillon y Gabriela Liffschitz, 1963-2004), en el punto en que gestionan modos de experimentar el cuerpo y la enfermedad activando nuevas formas de supervivencia.
“Una comedia de la muerte”: Copi y sus profanaciones del sida
Authors: Garrido Germán
Published: April 2019

En 1988, se estrena en París Une visite inopportune (Una visita inoportuna), acaso la obra más autorreferencial del escritor, performer e historietista argentino radicado en Francia, Copi, quien en 1984 es diagnosticado VIH positivo. La obra se desarrolla enteramente en una sala de hospital donde se concitan los actores de una escena prototípica del avance fatal de la enfermedad hacia mediados de la década de 1980: el enfermo, la enfermera, el médico, las amistades, pero también un periodista –en representación, quizás, del rol de los medios en la crisis del sida– y la muerte como visitante inoportuna. Retomando un planteo de Douglas Crimp sobre la importancia de disputar políticamente los sentidos asociados al sida, este ensayo se propone explorar la intervención de una obra absurda, humorística y alucinada sobre el conjunto de afectos y representaciones que primaban en relación a la enfermedad a nivel global y, más específicamente, en su contexto francés más inmediato. El concepto de profanación, tal como lo entiende el filósofo italiano Giorgio Agamben, nos sirve para capturar el modo en que Copi recupera un tema que, para entonces, había sido –y continuaba siendo– fuertemente dominado por los discursos autorizados de la medicina, la religión y los medios de comunicación masivos.
Az ultrahang-képalkotás alkalmazása biotechnikai előrelépés a perioperatív fájdalomcsillapításban
Authors: Almási Róbert Gyula
Published: April 2019

Abstract:

The perioperative pain management – instead of the efforts, guidelines and protocols – is underestimated and undertreated. Even in the case of general anaesthesia, the nervous system is overwhelmed by copious quantities of nociceptive stimuli at surgical incision. Stress and pain-modulation processes are triggered which can have significant influence on the outcome. Often the pain-management is discontinued, so a notable part of patients complain about pain in the ward after surgery. Regional anaesthesia conceptually prevents noxious inputs to enter the central nervous system, beyond surgical anaesthesia it is pertinent to achieve excellent analgesia in the immediate postoperative period as well. Based on current literature, this paper provides an overview of the history and role of regional anaesthesia in the multidimensional model of pain. Besides the sensitization caused by nociceptive stimuli – peripheral and central sensitization, descending modulation – there are several biopsychosocial factors involved in pain pathophysiology. Preventing the side effects of general anaesthesia, the ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve blockade is a safe technique with high success rate, rare side effects, achieving long-lasting, excellent analgesia. Continuous perineural catheter placed under ultrasound provides extended pain control. As a part of multimodal analgesia, peripheral nerve blockade prevents central sensitization. After surgery, the pain intensity of patients under peripheral nerve blockade is less, the chronification tendency is decreased, the quality of life and patients’ comfort are improved, and the stress-response is attenuated. The greater part of patients are protected from the undesirable side effects of general anaesthesia. Nowadays, it is an unequivocal evidence that the increasingly used peripheral nerve blockades prior to incision are efficient tools in the prevention of chronic postoperative pain. Ultrasound guidance is suitable not only for surgical anaesthesia, but for postoperative pain management as well, however, besides economic factors, the main goal of this technique is to match the best interest of the patients. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(15): 573–584.
Polyhydroxybutyrate/hemp biocomposite: tuning performances by process and compatibilisation
Authors: Touchaleaume François , Tessier Romain , Auvergne Rémi , Caillol Sylvain , Hoppe Sandrine , Angellier-Coussy Hélène
Published: April 2019

A fully bio-sourced and biodegradable composite material has been developed based on polyhydroxybutyrate and hemp fibres (20 wt% content). Improvements of the final performances of composite materials were shown to depend highly on the filler dispersion state and on the polar filler/apolar matrix interface. Those two parameters were tuned by playing around with the processing conditions (screw profile and speed) and the formulation (possible recourse to a green compatibiliser). The so-prepared biocomposites exhibited homogeneous structures, a controlled matrix–fibre interface and suitable thermal properties. Even if the materials also suffered some matrix degradation from identified sources, their mechanical properties were maintained and their water vapour sensitivity could be tuned by the processing conditions and formulation. The strong nucleating effect provided by the fibres has been highlighted, and a clear fibre–matrix load transfer confirmed the effectiveness of the prepared compatibiliser. Concerning the end of life, the high biodegradability of the fully bio-based composites in compost was also confirmed.
Behaviour of engineered cementitious composite-encased stub concrete columns under axial compression
Authors: Khan Muhammad Khubaib Ilyas , Rana Mohammad Masud , Zhang Yixia , Lee Chi King
Published: April 2019

Although high-strength concrete (HSC) has higher compressive strength than normal-strength concrete (NSC), its application in column construction is often limited by its brittleness and limited post-peak ductility. In this preliminary study, hybrid fibre engineered cementitious composite (ECC) is proposed as a potential encasement material to confine the HSC core and to increase the column's ductility. The behaviours of the proposed ECC-encased concrete stub column under axial compression are studied experimentally. Thirty stub columns, including six NSC/HSC, six ECC and 18 ECC-encased NSC/HSC (ECC–NSC/HSC) are tested under axial compression. The effects of ECC strength, ECC encasement thickness, concrete strength and cross-section shapes (circular, square and rectangular) are then investigated and reported in terms of failure modes, strength ratios, post-peak ductility and energy dissipation capacity of the stub columns. It is found that, when comparing with NSC/HSC stub columns, although no significant improvement in the ultimate strength was observed, the ECC encasement improved the performance of ECC–NSC/HSC stub columns by reducing brittleness and improving the post-peak behaviour during failure.
Fecal DNA extraction by bead beating v1
Authors: Yee Tan Chin
Published: April 2019

From Surana Lab protocols This protocol is suitable for extracting DNA from either human or mouse feces. Best results will be obtained with 10-60 mg of starting material
Single Parenting and Emotional Development of Primary School Students as Viewed by Nigerian Primary School Teachers
Authors: Adegboyega Lateef Omotosho
Published: April 2019

This research investigated the influence of single parenting on emotional development of primary school students as viewed by Nigerian primary school teachers. A descriptive survey designed was adopted to draw 200 primary school teachers. One research question was raised and three null hypotheses were respectively postulated to guide the research at 0.05 level of significance. In addition, data analysis was done using t-test and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Furthermore, the findings revealed that low self-esteem was the most influencing emotional development of primary school students in Ilorin metropolis. The findings also revealed that there was no significant difference in the influence of single parenting on the emotional development of primary school students in terms of gender and qualification. It is recommended that teachers of students from single parents should be more sensitive to their emotional needs and always be ready to assist them. Moreover, counsellors should collaborate with teachers and parents to minimize the negative influence of single parenting. Teachers are suggested to be more sensitive and willing to assist students whenever they have problems at home. Single parents are suggested to provide more quality time with their children to avoid them performing negative behaviors. Parents are suggested to maintain stable home by living together to enhance their children emotional development.
Augmented Reality-assisted Pictorial Storybook: Media to Enhance Discipline Character of Primary School Students
Authors: Lubis Azmil Hasan , Wangid Muhammad Nur
Published: April 2019

This research is intended to determine the effectiveness of Augmented Reality (AR)-assisted pictorial storybook in improving discipline character of primary school students. The population of this research was all state-run primary schools in in Sleman Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Specifically, the samples were fourth-grade students from two primary schools, where each of them was selected to be control and experiment groups. The method used is an experimental research, while the sampling technique was cluster random sampling technique. The data collection technique was disciplinary character observation technique. Furthermore, the data were analyzed using t-test technique. The results of this research indicated that the value of sig. t-test was 0.00 (<0.05). Thus, it can be concluded that AR-assisted picture storybook was considered effective in enhancing disciplinary character of primary school students. Therefore, it is recommended that the use of AR can be improved and disseminated to reach the learning objectives of primary school students, specifically in enhancing discipline character.
HYDROGELOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF CALCULATION OF SCARPS AND SLOPES STABILITY WITHIN URBANIZED TERRITORIES
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Koshliakov O. , Dyniak O. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Koshliakova I. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Koshliakova T. ,   SI "Institute of Environmental Geochemistry National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine", Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: April 2019

The article considers the issue of groundwater influence on scarps and slopes stability. The relevance of the study is caused by the tendency to increase the frequency of appearance of exogenous geological processes due to technogenic impact. Timely detection of hazardous areas and application of measures to prevent the development of landslide processes will avoid significant damages. An important factor that directly affects forecasting is a reliable calculation of the stability and an adequate interpretation of the results, depending on the choice of the calculation method. Different methods of calculation, different complexity of their implementation and uncertainty of the results aggravate the problem, especially with regard to groundwater levels fluctuations and their further influence on sustainability parameters. The existing methods for calculating scarps and slopes stability, in particular taking into account temporary changes of groundwater levels, are analyzed. This study proves that the further increase in the reliability and accuracy of the results of calculations primarily depends on the improvement of methods for determining the water-physical state of soils and hydrodynamic features of groundwater movement. The authors provide evidence of the necessity to take into account intensity value of infiltration recharge at the predictive assessment of groundwater level. The role of anthropogenic component of infiltration recharge due to losses from water communications, especially in local areas, is investigated, which in the future will be reflected in engineering measures justification.
Regarding operative treatment of thoracoabdominal injuries
Authors: Amarantov Dmitriy G. , Zarivchatsky Mikhail F. , Kholodar Andrey A. , Nagaev Andrey S. , Gudkov Oleg S.
Published: April 2019

Aim. To improve the results of treatment in patients with thoracoabdominal injuries (TAI) by means of creating the method of determining indications for the use of classical or endoscopic surgeries in respect of this pathology.
Materials and methods. Seventy-six sufferers from TAI were divided into 2 groups.
Results. The method of successive determination of indications for the use of classical or endoscopic surgeries in patients with TAI was created on the basis of treatment of 41 (53.95 %) patients of group II. This method was used to treat 35 (46.05 %) patients of group I.
Conclusions. Rational approach to the choice between the use of advantages of classical and endoscopic surgeries depending on characteristics of clinical situation permitted to elevate the quality of treatment in patients with TAI.
Updating of methodical approaches to noninvasive sampling of pulmonary surfactant biosamples
Authors: Shmyrova Anastasia I. , Pshenichnikova-Peleneva Irina M. , Kononova Ludmila I. , Korobov Vladimir P.
Published: April 2019

Aim. To study the influence of conditions of sampling and storage of pulmonary surfactant (PS) biosamples in the exhaled air barbotate on its surface activity and biochemical structure, so as to develop clinical recommendations for PS status assessment.
Materials and methods. Tensiometry methods were used to study the glass, fluoroplastic and five polymer containers. Reproducibility of the results of physicochemical parameters of native material was assessed using thin-layer chromatography. Calibration of methods and scaling was implemented using exogenous surfactant solution.
Results. It was detected that for identification of phosphatidylcholine in the samples, it is necessary to introduce not less than 0.15 mcg of exogenous surfactant and for dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine – from 0.5 mcg and more. The efficiency of PS sampling with the method of exhaled air barbotage varies from 30 % to 50 % from the volume of surfactant, excreted with one average statistical human expiration.
Conclusions. Sampling of native material using the method of exhaled air barbotage was performed. Tensiometric and chromatographic scales were compiled. Variability of sampling degree was noted. It was shown that if the conditions of storage and transport are observed, there are no marked changes in the material.
Duration and tension of postvaccinal pneumococcal immunity in HIV-positive patients
Authors: Nikolenko Vera V. , Feldblyum Irina V. , Vorobyova Natalia N. , Nikolenko Andrej V. , Sumlivaya Olga N. , Okishev Mikhail A.
Published: April 2019

Aim. To study the duration and tension of the postvaccinal pneumococcal immunity in HIV-positive patients, immunized with polysaccharide vaccine.

Materials and methods. One hundred HIV-infected patients (age range 20 to 50 years) with stages 3 and 4 A of disease, having the number of CD4+ T-lymphocytes in blood not less than 440 mcl–1, were immunized with polysaccharide 23-valent pneumococcal vaccine.

Results. The maximum effect regarding polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine immunization of HIV-positive persons was established at the stage 3 of disease. When immunizing HIV-positive patients with stage 4 A and decrease in CD4+- T-lymphocytes to 310 [300; 330] cells per mcl-1, the effect resulting from immunization reduced.

Conclusions. Taking into account the revealed maximum effect of immunization of HIV-positive patients with polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine at the stage 3 of disease, this risk group should be immunized at the earlier periods of infectious process development. HIV-positive patients with the stage 4 A and decrease in CD4+ – T- blood lymphocytes to 310 [300;330] cells per mcl–1 should receive antiretroviral therapy followed by revaccination.
INCORPORAÇÃO: QUANDO O CORPO É O TEMPLO
Authors: Laranjeira Gisele Cristina , Rios Ana Maria Galrão
Published: April 2019

O fenômeno da incorporação é um evento recorrente em diversas religiões, e consagrado nas religiões espíritas como uma forma legítima de conexão entre o mundo material e o plano espiritual. Este artigo busca discutir o papel simbólico do corpo do médium incorporante nesse processo, que transporta o divino (e também seu oposto) para a materialidade da dimensão humana.

INCORPORATION: WHEN THE BODY IS THE TEMPLE

The incorporation phenomenon is a recurrent event at various religions, and it is consecrated in spiritualist religions as a legitim connection between material world and spiritual world. This article intends to discuss the symbolic role of the medium of incorporation’s body in this process, which takes the divine (and its opposite) to a material and human dimension.
LUTERO E A CENTRALIDADE DE CRISTO NA EXEGESE, NA REFLEXÃO TEOLÓGICA E NA PREGAÇÃO
Authors: Rios Cesar Motta
Published: April 2019

O pensamento de Lutero é marcadamente cristocêntrico. Embora essa afirmação não requeira imediatamente muita defesa, para uma maior compreensão daquilo que está dito, é indispensável uma consideração cuidadosa. Esta tarefa é assumida neste trabalho. Inicialmente, procuro definir a perspectiva a partir da qual reflito, negando-me a uma postura de admiração ingênua diante do reformador, o que impossibilitaria a argúcia necessária para uma reflexão acadêmica. Em seguida, observo a forma como Lutero lia a Bíblia, especialmente o Antigo Testamento, tendo Cristo sempre em vista, encontrando-o como assunto nos textos inclusive. Passo, então, a uma observação do lugar de Cristo na reflexão teológica de Lutero. Logo, observo brevemente como isso repercute na pregação. Constato que a abordagem de Lutero é relevante para a atualidade. A pesquisa que dá origem a este texto se realiza a partir do estudo de fontes primárias, acrescido do diálogo com fontes secundárias.

LUTHER AND THE CENTRALITY OF CHRIST IN EXEGESIS, IN THEOLOGICAL REFLECTION AND IN PREACHING

Luther's thought is markedly Christocentric. Although this assertion does not immediately require much defense, for a greater understanding of what is said, careful consideration is indispensable. This task is assumed in this work. Initially, I try to define the perspective from which I reflect, denying myself a posture of naïve admiration before the reformer, which would restrain the shrewdness needed for the scholarly thought. Then I see how Luther read the Bible, especially the Old Testament, having Christ always in view, finding Him as a subject in the texts even. I then turn to an observation of Christ's place in Luther's theological reflection. Next, I briefly observe how this affects the preaching. I note that Luther's approach is relevant to the present. The research that gives origin to this text is realized through the study of primary sources, plus the dialogue with secondary sources.
ADMOESTAÇÕES DE SÃO FRANCISCO I-II: UMA ESPIRITUALIDADE ERÓTICA
Authors: Nunes Marcus Vinicius De Souza
Published: April 2019

Este artigo, como uma abordagem entre as tantas possíveis do franciscanismo, pretende fazer uma análise do texto das Admoestações de São Francisco nos números I e II e mostrar como é possível o desenvolvimento de uma erótica, de um discurso sobre o erotismo próprio ao homem enquanto seu vigor, que é levada a cabo como uma experiência que está no cerne da forma de vida franciscana. Para isso usamos aportes da teologia moral, da ética e da filosofia, especialmente a filosofia do erotismo de Bataille, para reconstruirmos em termos categoriais um pouco mais precisos aquilo que, com toda a tradição franciscana, acreditamos só ser plenamente conhecido mediante uma compreensão existencial.

ADMONITIONS OF SAINT FRANCIS I-II: A EROTIC SPIRITUALITY

This article, as an approach among the many possible in the franciscan studies, intends to make analysis of the Admonitions of Saint Francis in the numbers I and II showing how the development of an erotics discourse is possible in a discourse on eroticism insofar the man’s force itself, which is carried out as an experience that is at the heart of the franciscan form of life. For this we use contributions of moral theology, ethics and philosophy, especially the Batallie’s philosophy of eroticism, to rebuild in categorical terms what we believe, with all the franciscan tradition, only be fully known through an existential understanding.