bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Discovery of Asymmetric Spike-like Structures of the 10 au Disk around the Very Low-luminosity Protostar Embedded in the Taurus Dense Core MC 27/L1521F with ALMA
Authors: Tokuda Kazuki , Harada Naoto , Omura Mitsuki , Matsumoto Tomoaki , Onishi Toshikazu , Saigo Kazuya , Shoshi Ayumu , Nozaki Shingo , Tachihara Kengo , Fukaya Naofumi , Fukui Yasuo , Inutsuka Shu-ichiro , Machida Masahiro N.
Published: April 2024

Recent Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations have revealed an increasing number of compact protostellar disks with radii of less than a few tens of astronomical units and that young Class 0/I objects have an intrinsic size diversity. To deepen our understanding of the origin of such tiny disks, we have performed highest-resolution configuration observations with ALMA at a beam size of ∼0.″03 (4 au) on the very low-luminosity Class 0 protostar embedded in the Taurus dense core MC 27/L1521F. The 1.3 mm continuum measurement successfully resolved a tiny, faint (∼1 mJy) disk with a major axis length of ∼10 au, one of the smallest examples in the ALMA protostellar studies. In addition, we detected spike-like components in the northeastern direction at the disk edge. Gravitational instability or other fragmentation mechanisms cannot explain the structures, given the central stellar mass of ∼0.2 M
⊙ and the disk mass of ≳10−4
M
⊙. Instead, we propose that these small spike structures were formed by a recent dynamic magnetic flux transport event due to interchange instability that would be favorable to occur if the parental core has a strong magnetic field. The presence of complex arc-like structures on a larger (∼2000 au) scale in the same direction as the spike structures suggests that the event was not single. Such episodic, dynamical events may play an important role in maintaining the compact nature of the protostellar disk in the complex gas envelope during the main accretion phase.
Lithium Abundances from the LAMOST Medium-resolution Survey Data Release 9
Authors: Ding Ming-Yi , Shi Jian-Rong , Yan Hong-liang , Li Chun-Qian , Gao Qi , Chen Tian-Yi , Zhang Jing-Hua , Liu Shuai , Xie Xiao-Jin , Tang Yao-Jia , Zhou Ze-Ming , Wang Jiang-Tao
Published: April 2024

Lithium is a fragile but crucial chemical element in the Universe, and exhibits interesting and complex behaviors. Thanks to the mass of spectroscopic data from the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) medium-resolution survey (MRS), we can investigate the lithium abundances in a large and diverse sample of stars, which could bring vital help in studying the origin and evolution of lithium. In this work, we use the Li i 6707.8 Å line to derive the lithium abundance through a template-matching method. A catalog of precise lithium abundance is presented for 795,384 spectra corresponding to 455,752 stars from the LAMOST MRS Data Release 9. Comparing our results with those of external high-resolution references, we find good consistency with a typical deviation of σ
A(Li) ∼ 0.2 dex. We also analyze the internal errors using stars that have multiple LAMOST MRS observations, which will reach as low as 0.1 dex when the signal-to-noise ratio of the spectra is >20. Besides, our result indicates that a small fraction of giant stars still exhibit a surprisingly high lithium content, and 967 stars are identified as Li-rich giants with A(Li) > 1.5 dex, accounting for ∼2.6% of our samples. If one takes into account the fact that nearly all stars deplete lithium during the main sequence, then the fraction of Li-rich stars may far exceed 2.6%. This new catalog covers a wide range of stellar evolutionary stages from pre-main sequence to giants, and will provide help to the further study of the chemical evolution of lithium.
Leptanilla voldemort sp. nov., a gracile new species of the hypogaeic ant genus Leptanilla (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from the Pilbara, with a key to Australian Leptanilla
Authors: Wong Mark K. L. , McRae Jane M.
Published: April 2024

The genus Leptanilla Emery, 1870 of the family Formicidae, subfamily Leptanillinae, comprises miniscule, pale, blind ants that are rarely collected and poorly understood due to their hypogaeic (i.e. underground) lifestyles. Here we describe a new Leptanilla species from two workers collected via subterranean scraping in the arid Pilbara region of Western Australia. Leptanilla voldemortsp. nov. is the second leptanilline species documented in Australia after the elusive Leptanilla swani Wheeler, 1932. Workers of L. voldemortsp. nov. display a remarkably gracile morphology characterised by elongated legs, antennae, and mandibles, and they are easily differentiated from other Leptanilla species. We also provide new measurements for L. swani from two workers found proximally to the type locality of L. voldemortsp. nov. A key to the worker caste of Leptanilla species of the Australian continent is presented.
Challenges for the viticultural landscape – The case of Vipava Hills in Slovenia
Authors: Topole Maja , Šmid Hribar Mateja , Kokalj Žiga
Published: April 2024

The article deals with the Vipava Hills, one of the oldest and still promising Slovenian wine-growing regions. Despite the favourable natural conditions, especially for organic viticulture, a comparison of land use in the last two decades shows the abandonment and overgrowth of vineyards in the higher, so-called vineyard sites and, on the other hand, their relocation to the bottom of the Vipava Valley, where grape production is intensified. The article discusses the obstacles leading to the unfavourable development trends in the landscape and demography, and proposes measures that could, on the one hand, prevent further abandonment of agricultural land, especially vineyard land, population out-migration and biodiversity decline and, on the other hand, make better use of the advantages of the ideal combination of climatic, lithological and pedological features, the mosaic-like structure of the landscape, the high degree of naturalness, the extensive protected areas of Natura 2000 and, last but not least, the rich cultural heritage of the region.

Izzivi vinogradniške pokrajine – primer Vipavskega gričevja v Sloveniji

Prispevek obravnava Vipavsko gričevje, eno najstarejših in tudi danes obetavnih slovenskih vinogradniških pokrajin. Kljub ugodnim naravnim razmeram, posebej za ekološko vinogradništvo, primerjava rabe zemljišč v zadnjih dveh desetletjih kaže opuščanje in zaraščanje vinogradov v višjih, t. i. vinogradniških legah, po drugi strani pa njihovo selitev proti dnu Vipavske doline, kjer prihaja do intenzifikacije pridelave grozdja. Članek govori o ovirah, ki povzročajo neugodne razvojne trende v pokrajini in demografiji ter predlaga ukrepe, s katerimi bi lahko na eni strani preprečili nadaljnje opuščanje kmetijskih, posebej vinogradniških zemljišč, izseljevanje prebivalcev in upadanje biodiverzitete, po drugi pa bolje izkoristili prednosti idealne kombinacije podnebnih, kamninskih in pedoloških lastnosti, mozaične strukture pokrajine, visoke stopnje naravnosti, obsežnih zavarovanih območij Nature 2000 in nenazadnje bogate kulturne dediščine regije.
Aktivno vključevanje deležnikov v upravljanje zavarovanih območij: primer mokrišča Krajinski park Sečoveljske soline
Authors: Smrekar Aleš , Gašperič Primož , Tičar Jure , Polajnar Horvat Katarina
Published: April 2024

Prispevek se osredinja na uvajanje koncepta participativnega upravljanja zavarovanega območja na primeru Krajinskega parka Sečoveljske soline. Temelji na procesu oblikovanja prostovoljnega sporazuma oziroma memoranduma o ohranjanju mokrišča. S pomočjo raznovrstnih pristopov, smo preučili, vključili in spodbudili različne deležnike v prostoru, k prepoznavanju izzivov in rešitev na področjih naravovarstva, kmetijstva in turizma. Na delavnicah z deležniki smo oblikovali različne scenarije, ki so privedli do oblikovanja memoranduma o ohranjanju mokrišča. Tako smo med šestnajstimi ključnimi deležniki vzpostavili temeljno prostovoljno zavezo za trajnostno upravljanje območja Krajinskega parka Sečoveljske soline.

Active involvement of stakeholders in the management of protected areas: the example of the wetlands of the Sečovlje Salina Nature Park

This article focuses on introducing the concept of participatory management of protected areas using the example of the Sečovlje Salina Nature Park. It is based on the process of creating a voluntary agreement or memorandum to protect a wetland. Using a variety of approaches, we studied, engaged, and encouraged diverse stakeholders in the area to identify conservation, agricultural, and tourism challenges and solutions. Based on territorial workshops with stakeholders, various scenarios were developed, resulting in a wetland conservation memorandum of understanding. This established a core set of voluntary commitments among sixteen key stakeholders for sustainable management of the Sečovlje Salina Nature Park.
Regionalne spremembe morske gladine: podatki, vplivni dejavniki in posledice
Authors: Komac Blaž
Published: April 2024

V članku predstavljamo podatke o meritvah dviganja morske gladine, od globalne ravni, prek Sredozemskega in Jadranskega morja do Tržaškega zaliva. Svetovno morje se je v 20. stoletju dvignilo za 0,2 m. V Sredozemskem morju je dviganje regionalno zelo različno, v Jadranskem morju se gladina dviga s hitrostjo približno 1,7mm/leto, v Egejskem morju pa kar 5mm/leto. V Tržaškem zalivu je dviganje gladine dokumentirano že od rimske dobe, v zadnjih desetletjih je povprečno 1,7mm/leto. Obravnavamo dejavnike, ki vplivajo na višino morske gladine, kot so dvig temperature in posledično raztezanje oceanov, taljenje ledu, tektonika in ciklični pojavi, kot je severnoatlantska oscilacija, zaradi katerih je stopnja dviga morske gladine regionalno različna. Poplave morja so v zadnjem času 1,5-krat pogostejše kot pred desetletji, zato bo za obalna mesta bolj kot prilagajanje na višjo morsko gladino pomembno prilagajanje na večjo pogostost visokih plim, nevihtnih valov in morskih poplav.
Regional sea level rise: data, drivers and effects
In this article we present data on measurements of sea level rise, from the global level across the Mediterranean and Adriatic Sea to the Gulf of Trieste. Global sea level has risen by 0.2 m in the 20th century. In the Mediterranean, the rise varies from region to region, with the Adriatic Sea rising at a rate of around 1.7mm/year and the Aegean even at 5mm/year. In the Gulf of Trieste, sea level rise has been documented since Roman times and has averaged 1.7mm/year in recent decades. We consider the factors that influence sea level rise, such as temperature rise, the resulting expansion of the ocean, ice melt, tectonics and cyclical phenomena such as the North Atlantic Oscillation, which cause the rate of sea level rise to vary regionally. Sea flooding has recently become 1.5 times more frequent than decades ago. Adapting to the increasing frequency of high tides, storm surges and flooding will therefore be more important for coastal cities than adapting to higher sea levels.
Methodological challenges in the research on second homes: lessons learned from the Alpine region, Slovenia and the Municipality of Kranjska Gora
Authors: Drouet Quentin Benoît Guillaume , Koderman Miha
Published: April 2024

The article examines selected methodological challenges in research on second homes, putting into perspective the transnational, national and local levels, with the cases of the Alpine region, Slovenia and the Municipality of Kranjska Gora. The heterogeneity of residential patterns, the dynamic of housing development and the disparities in the terminology limit comparisons at international level. National data on second homes in Slovenia are put in focus of a critical evaluation, as they surprisingly show a decreasing trend in the last two decades, and were recently abolished as a statistical category. The article also discusses the differences of official databases of second homes in the Municipality of Kranjska Gora and addresses potential suggestions for improvement of their quality.

Metodološki izzivi pri preučevanju sekundarnih počitniških bivališč: izkušnje iz alpske regije, Slovenije in Občine Kranjska Gora

V članku smo preučili izbrane metodološke izzive pri preučevanju sekundarnih počitniških bivališč, pri čemer smo se na primerih alpskega prostora, Slovenije in Občine Kranjska Gora osredinili na problematiko z mednarodne, državne in lokalne ravni. Raznoterost bivalnih vzorcev, dinamika stanovanjskega razvoja in razlike v terminologiji omejujejo natančne primerjave pojava na mednarodni ravni. Kritično so ovrednoteni državni podatki o sekundarnih počitniških bivališčih v Sloveniji, saj v zadnjih dveh desetletjih presenetljivo izkazujejo trend zmanjševanja, pred kratkim pa so bili ukinjeni kot statistična kategorija. Članek obravnava tudi razlike med uradnima zbirkama podatkov o počitniških bivališčih na območju Občine Kranjska Gora in razpravlja o možnih predlogih za izboljšanje njihove kakovosti.
Development of geotourism and rural tourism for sustainable development of Aktobe Oblast, Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Sergeyeva Aigul , Omirzakova Miroslava , Saparov Kuat
Published: April 2024

This article deals with the sustainable development of rural tourism based on geotourism. Geotourism makes it possible to preserve geological and geomorphological features and use them effectively for tourism. In the Aktobe Oblast administrative region, these features are effectively used for the development of rural tourism. Geological and geomorphological features in the region are not protected by the state, so it is important for the future development of geotourism and rural tourism to protect them. In order to effectively evaluate the development of rural tourism and geotourism, the Delphi method was applied and a SWOT analysis was conducted. With the SWOT analysis, the strengths and weaknesses of geotourism and rural tourism of the Aktobe Oblast are assessed.

Razvoj geoturizma in podeželskega turizma za trajnostni razvoj Aktobske oblasti, Republika Kazahstan

Članek se osredinja na trajnostni razvoj podeželskega turizma, ki temelji na geoturizmu. Geoturizem omogoča ohranjanje geološke in geomorfološke dediščine ter njeno učinkovito uporabo v turistične namene. Geološka in geomorfološka dediščina se na območju Aktobske oblasti učinkovito uporablja za potrebe razvoja podeželskega turizma. Za nadaljnji razvoj geoturizma in podeželskega turizma je pomembno, da se tovrstna dediščina s strani države zaščititi, kar trenutno ni. Za oceno razvoja podeželskega turizma in geoturizma je bila uporabljena metoda delfi in izvedena analiza SWOT. Ocenjene so prednosti in slabosti geoturizma in podeželskega turizma na območju Aktobski oblasti.
Benefits and Challenges of Qualitative Methodologies in Cross-cultural Psychology Studies
Authors: de Quadros Rigoni Rafaela
Published: April 2024

Qualitative research has been considered increasingly valuable for cross-cultural psychology studies, but its contributions and challenges to the field remain under discussed. This chapter does that by analysing a qualitative study which compares interpretive beliefs and behaviour of street-level workers from health, social, and law enforcement sectors working with policies for crack cocaine and heroin in the cities of Amsterdam, Netherlands, and Porto Alegre, Brazil. Challenges and contributions for the use of qualitative methodologies in cross-cultural studies were found in different research stages. Challenges were centred on how to balance empirical closure and analytical distance. Benefits relate to a wider variation in responses and a more contextual level of experiences, allowing for more grounded theorization.
Social Identity Complexity Theory: Attitudes Towards Diversity and Its Relationship with Nationalism, Religiosity, and Aggression
Authors: Sabanathan Dharshika , Brown Jac , Sekamanya Siraje , Hough Michael , Sutton Jeanna
Published: April 2024

In this study we tested social identity complexity theory (Roccas & Brewer, 2002) in relation to attitudes towards diversity and the associated variables of nationalism, religiosity, and aggression in a cross-cultural study of 397 Malaysian and 240 Australian students. Australians reported higher positive attitudes towards diversity than Malaysians. Diversity was positively associated with nationalism, religiosity, and aggression in Malaysians. Traditional nationalism was negatively associated with diversity in Australians. These results support social identity complexity theory and partially support associated predictions for Australian, while contradicting predictions for Malaysians.
The Effects of Cognitive and Emotional Empathy on the Perception and Prejudice towards Migrants: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Maisonneuve Christelle , Taillandier-Schmitt Anne
Published: April 2024

Improving intergroup attitudes and relationships have been largely studied. Empathy appears to play a mediational role between perspective taking and prejudices or attitudes towards out-groups (Baston et al., 1997; Finlay & Stephan, 2000; Vescio et al., 2003). The aim of this exploratory study is to examine how cognitive and emotional components of empathy (Jolliffe & & Farrington, 2006) were linked to the perception of immigrant targets who behave depending on the four acculturation strategies (integration, assimilation, separation and marginalization) as defined by Berry (1997). Participants first filled in a French version of the Basic Empathic Scale. Second, they read and evaluated one of the four acculurative migrant profiles (Maisonneuve & Testé; 2007) and third they filled in the blatant and subtle prejudices questionnaire (Pettigrew & Meertens, 1995). The results replicated preference for integration before assimilation and marginalization. Separated profiles were less appreciated than the three others. More interestingly, an interaction effect between conservation and emotional empathy suggests that the more people declare themselves high on the emotional component of empathy, the more they appreciate the target that conserves his culture. On subtle prejudice, no interaction effect was found. But, on blatant prejudice, interaction effects were obtained between acculturative strategies and the two components of empathy. For example, concerning participants who read the scenario of separation, the higher they declared themselves on emotional component of empathy, the less they declare blatant prejudice. More surprisingly, for participants who were in the “assimilation” condition, the higher they declared themselves on cognitive component of empathy, the higher they scored on blatant prejudice. Theoretical contributions of this study are discussed as the importance to distinguish the effects of emotional and cognitive components of empathy on perception of migrants and prejudices, depending on the migrants’ acculturative strategies. Finally, implications of these results are proposed.
Multi-Factorial Measure of Parenting and Children’s Psychological Disorders: A Cross-Cultural Study
Authors: Dwairy Marwan
Published: April 2024

The association between parenting and child’s psychological states has been studied mainly according to Baumrind’s model of authoritarian, authoritative, and permissive parenting styles or according to Rohner’s acceptance- rejection theory. This study, in contrast, rests on the assumption that since parenting is a complex and dynamic process, it is better studied in terms of parenting profiles comprising several factors than via one or two parenting factors. We administered a questionnaire measuring seven parenting factors that cover various styles of acceptance and control to 975 male and female adolescents together with a scale of psychological states. Our results show that the associations between a parenting factor and psychological states depend on the presence or absence of other parenting factors, thereby justifying the use of parenting profiles rather than parenting factors. The psychological states were associated with the style of control and the parenting profile rather than with the level of control. Two paternal and three maternal parenting profiles were detected, each associated with different levels of psychological states. The profile characterized by high acceptance, rational parenting, and loving-control parenting, and by low compassion evoking, love withdrawal, inconsistent parenting, and authoritarian parenting was associated with better psychological states. To learn more about parental profiles and psychological states, further research in different cultures is needed.
When Arab Girls Break the Rules: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Ibrahim-Nassar Camelia
Published: April 2024

Much has been written about the social control of Arab girls as one of the parental practices in a collective culture. Most girls are subject to strict rules and modesty codes and only a few dare to confront their culture by breaking the rules and engaging in risky unacceptable behavior. In this study, we interviewed eight such girls to examine why, when, and how they defied acceptable social norms and the consequences they suffered. Interestingly, the experience of risk taking yielded narratives that revealed a search for personal, social, and gender identity and highlighted the effect of the strictness of the family and the legitimation of the peer group. As I show in this paper, the participants in the study paid a heavy price for their actions and suffered severe emotional and social consequences, mainly because of the harsh reactions of their families and schools. Furthermore, they expressed anxiety regarding their future status in their collective culture. Our findings help explain how Arab girls in a collective culture bargain with the patriarchy, and will help educational counselors and therapists to understand better the needs of Arab girls and to intervene more effectively in such cases. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first qualitative study that has been conducted among young female Arab citizens of Israel. The definition of risky behavior needs to be revised in the context of authoritarian collective cultures to include disobedience that endangers the vital needs of girls. “Istighaba” (expressing personal opinions and needs secretly), which is a legitimate social coping mechanism, is a very risky behavior that exposes some of the girls to serious punishments.
Haidawood: A Social Media Approach to Indigenous Language Revitalization
Authors: Leslie Kenneth
Published: April 2024

British Columbia is home to 34 different Indigenous languages, most of which are in danger of losing fluency due to the combined effects of introduced diseases and assimilationist Indian Residential Schools. The Haida language, or Xaad Kil (pronounced “haad kill”), is considered critically endangered with only 9 elderly fluent speakers left. Many Haida believe that revitalizing Xaad Kil is important for keeping their culture alive: they see Xaad Kil as a cultural keystone that keeps worldview, artistic expression, food gathering, dances, stories, and songs integrated together as a unified whole. Xaad Kil also helps assert Aboriginal land rights: identification of traditional place names demonstrates use and occupation of lands since time immemorial. Xaad Kil names of medicinal plants and foods also contain important environmental information. Indigenous communities are adopting a range of strategies to revitalize their languages, including: master-apprentice programs, early childhood immersion programs, and technological approaches such as audio databases, language apps, and social media projects like Haidawood. Learning Xaad Kil can be a challenge: there are limited resources and often language learners are overwhelmed with obstacles. Haidawood helps make Haida language learning fun by bringing Haida stories to life using the power of stop motion animation and embracing an “aesthetic of accessibility” that creates beautiful art out of readily available materials, including carved puppet faces and sets made from cardboard. Haidawood seeks to help revitalize the Haida language, facilitate inter-cultural understanding, and inspire other communities to preserve and share their own stories.
Intergenerational Family Relations in Luxembourg: Adult Children and their Ageing Parents in Migrant and Non-Migrant Families
Authors: Albert Isabelle , Ferring Dieter
Published: April 2024

Whereas most studies in the context of acculturation research have focused so far on family relations between first generation parents and their second generation children in adolescence, the present study draws its attention on immigrant families at later stages in the family life cycle. This study is part of the FNR-funded project on “Intergenerational Relations in the Light of Migration and Ageing – IRMA” in which a cross-cultural comparison of altogether N = 120 Portuguese and Luxembourgish triads of older parents and their adult children, both living in the Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg, is envisaged. The aims of this project are, firstly to examine similarities and differences in family values, internalized norms and mutual expectations of older parents and their adult children in migrant and non-migrant families; secondly, to analyze in how far an acculturation gap respectively a generation gap might have an impact on the relationship quality between parents and their adult children; thirdly and related to this, to explore subjective well-being (SWB) of all involved family members. Results are discussed in the framework of an integrative model of intergenerational family relations in the light of migration and ageing.
Culture, Emotional Expression and Parental Socialization Strategies among Two-year-old Israeli Toddlers
Authors: Karayanni Manal , Kurman Jenny
Published: April 2024

One of the most important developments in childhood is the development of emotional expression and its regulation. The capacity for the deliberate modulation of one’s behavior and emotion develops mainly in the second year, and it is considered a key developmental milestone that markedly transforms the child’s ability to function in the social environment (Kochanska, Coy, & Murray, 2001; Maccoby, 2007). Social norms, established by culture, dictate how, where, when and to whom specific emotions are expressed (Garrett-Peters & Fox, 2007). These norms are specific rules taught in a specific culture and dictate which emotional expressions are socially desirable in certain social contexts, and are the basis for emotional regulation (Ekman & Friesen, 1975; Matsumoto, 1990). Previous studies have shown that there are cultural differences in emotional expression among various cultures (e.g., Garrett-Peters & Fox, 2007). The present study compares the type and intensity of the child’s emotional expression and parental practices of socialization in two ethnic groups: Israeli Jews and Arabs. This comparison was aimed to contribute to the existing scientific knowledge in this field, and provide insight into the differences and similarities between the ethnic models of emotions, as well as the practices of socialization strategies regarding regulating emotions and emotional behavior of children.
Acculturation Strategies of Young Immigrants Living in Belgium: The View of Young Belgian Nationals
Authors: Barros Coimbra Stephanie , Albert Isabelle , Ferring Dieter
Published: April 2024

In contemporary society, migration has become a key topic. According to Berry (1997), individuals might display different attitudes and behaviors in the process of acculturation, defined as cultural and psychological changes resulting from the direct contact among members of multiple cultures. Whereas most research has concentrated on the acculturation strategies of immigrants, the aim of this study is to focus on the preferences of members of the receiving society. In particular, we analyze which strategy young Belgians consider the most suitable for immigrants to adopt, using a sample of Belgian students between the ages of 18 and 29 years living in Brussels. We account for several variables to shed light on the important aspects of intergroup relationships between host nationals and immigrants.
Interethnic Similarity of Anger Suppression-Aggression Association in Conflicts in Intimate and Non-Intimate Relationships Across Ethnic Groups in the Netherlands
Authors: Stupar-Rutenfrans Snežana , Fontaine Johnny , van de Vijver Fons
Published: April 2024

This study examined associations between emotional suppression, anger, and aggression in intimate (parent and friend) and non-intimate (boss and shop assistant) conflicts in a vignette study conducted among immigrants and majority group members in the Netherlands. The sample consisted of 456 Dutch majority group members, 445 immigrants from non-Western, and 477 immigrants from Western countries. Path analyses showed that anger fully mediated the emotion suppression-aggression relationship in a similar way across groups and conflicts with a parent, boss, and shop assistant (only in a conflict situation with a boss, emotional suppression and anger were both directly related to aggression). As expected, non-Western immigrants experienced less anger in these conflicts. However, no interethnic differences were found in the tendency to suppress anger and aggression in any conflict situation. We could not replicate earlier observed cross-cultural differences in obedience, hierarchy, and restriction of emotional expression among the samples. We concluded that non-Western immigrants do not seem to differ in management of anger in interpersonal conflict situations from Western groups.
Сulture, Stress and Coping: Socio-Cultural Context Influence on Coping Types among Russians
Authors: Kryukova Tatiana , Gushchina Tatiana , Ekimchik Olga
Published: April 2024

The paper presents a new psychometric adaptation of the cross-cultural coping scale for the Russian-speaking sample (Cross-Cultural Coping Scale by B. Kuo et al., 2006, Canada: Kuo, Roysircar, Newby-Clark, 2006) and a research made with its help, answering the questions: Do Russians cope with stress? What are socio-cultural contexts of coping in the time of cultural transition? The tool explores the influence of the socio-cultural context on the respondents’ choice between three types of coping. The influence of cultural context on coping and its intensity has been confirmed in this study. The situational context has the greatest impact on the choice of collective coping among Russian respondents. In general Russians evaluate more acute and important stress in the situations Health/Illness than in Job/Career context. There are obvious relations between the choice of avoidance coping and the respondents’ age in the career scenario. In both contexts people use engagement coping (self activity) more actively and are less inclined to avoid difficulties. The choice of coping type is affected by a group of factors: self-concept traits (independent or interdependent selves), stress level, type of values, life satisfaction.
Can the Children of Immigrant Mothers Have Levels of Health and Achievement as High as Those of Children of Mothers in the Host Population? Longitudinal Data from Australia
Authors: Robinson Julie
Published: April 2024

The high levels of immigration currently experienced by many Western counties have seen the development and wellbeing of the children of immigrants become an important research issue. However, findings about the developmental trajectories and outcomes for children of immigrants are highly inconsistent. In addition, identifying the factors that predict these outcomes has been hampered by the widespread confounding of parents’ immigration status with other predictors (e.g., mothers’ education, and fluency in the language of the host country). Immigration to Australia offers a context in which the influence of some of these variables can be untangled. Most recent immigrants are highly educated and fluent in English, regardless of their region of origin. This research uses data from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children to compare children of Australian-born mothers (n = 6,891) with children of immigrant mothers born in other English-speaking countries (n = 1,234), Continental Europe (n = 765) and Asia (n = 428) at 4, 6 and 8 years of age. At each age, children’s physical health problems (rating of global health), psychosocial wellbeing (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire), proficiency in the English language (Adapted Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-III) and cognitive skills (4 years: Who am I?; 6 and 8 years: matrix reasoning subscale, WISC-IV) were assessed. Children’s outcomes, and the way these outcomes changed over time, were very similar regardless of their mothers’ immigration status or, immigrant mothers’ region of origin. In contrast, aspects of mothers’ parenting, proficiency in English, level of schooling, and symptoms of psychological distress were associated with many child outcomes at all ages. This is an optimistic finding, since these predictors are amenable to change.
Acculturation Orientations towards ‘Valued’ and ‘Devalued’ Immigrants in South Korea
Authors: Tisserant Pascal , Wagner Anne-Lorraine , Jung Jaegon , Bourhis Richard
Published: April 2024

This study, based on the Interactive Acculturation Model, investigates the acculturation orientations of undergraduates (n=279) in South Korea. Results show that Korean respondents considered South-East Asian immigrants to be less valued than Western immigrants. They were more welcoming towards ‘valued’ Western immigrants than they were towards ‘devalued’ South-East Asian immigrants. As in the case of undergraduates in North America & Europe, Korean undergraduates mainly endorsed integration and individualism towards both Western and South-East Asian immigrants, but they also strongly endorsed the segregationist orientations towards both ‘valued’ and ‘devalued’ immigrants reflecting the still contentious view of Korea as an immigration country.
The Nationality of Theories
Authors: Hofstede Geert , Peterson Mark
Published: April 2024

Keynote dialogue for 22nd IACCP World Congress, Reims, July 16, 2014
A Comparative Study of Jajonshim and Self-Esteem
Authors: Suh Shinhwa , Han Min , Adeclas Joane
Published: April 2024

The Korean dictionary of psychology terms includes the word jajonshim, which means “self-esteem.” However, the meaning of jajonshim as Koreans use it is different from the meaning of self-esteem. Thus, we perform two studies to clarify the concept of jajonshim and to demonstrate how it differs from self-esteem. The purpose of Study 1 is to determine the socio-cultural meanings of jajonshim by examining its shared social representation in Korean culture. We ask open-ended questions and conduct a literature review related to jajonshim. The results of the text analysis show that Koreans perceive jajonshim as something that a person should have and maintain no matter who he or she is. At the same time, they believe that excessive jajonshim can be harmful. From the contextual analysis, we find four kinds of contexts (damaged, maintained, recovered, and abandoned). In Study 2, we conduct in-depth interviews and collect data that we analyze through the grounded theory paradigm model. On the basis of the results, we discuss differences between jajonshim and self-esteem and suggest that jajonshim is not limited to Korean culture. In further research, we develop the concept of jajonshim more clearly and find cultural differences.
Effectiveness of Group Interventions for Depressed Iranian Migrants in Austria
Authors: Fathi Atefeh , Renner Walter , Juen Barbara
Published: April 2024

Effectiveness of Group based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy was investigated in a sample of 23 Iranian migrants living in Austria for an average 14 years and suffering from Major Depressive Disorder. The participants were randomized to: (1) individual CBT, (2) group based CBT and (3) wait-list control groups. Although the results showed a significant decrease in depression symptoms, no significant group differences were observed. The findings from this study suggest that the effectiveness of group based CBT may be influenced by Iranian socio-cultural characteristics.
Do Individual-level Value Preferences Impact Country-level Social Cohesion? An Exploratory Multi-level Analysis Based on ESS Data
Authors: Boehnke Mandy , Boehnke Klaus
Published: April 2024

This chapter links macro-level social cohesion to individual value preferences. It explores the predictive, concomitant, and consequential character of cohesion in relation to individual value preferences. Is it that prior cohesion predicts later value preferences? Or is it that certain earlier value preferences impact later social cohesion? Or is there, if at all, only contemporaneous covariation? To answer these research questions, ESS values data from rounds 1-4 (2002, 2004, 2006, and 2008 waves) were separately linked with country-level social cohesion scores from (1) a prior time period, (2) the same time period, and (3) a later time period [e.g., ESS values data from 2008 were linked with social cohesion scores from (1) 1996-2003, (2) 2004-2008, and (3) 2009- 2012]. Multilevel regression analyses show that conservation and self-enhancement values are negatively related to social cohesion, whereas self-transcendence and openness values exhibit a positive relationship. Evidence remains inconclusive with respect to the causal direction. If one wants to interpret small differences between the obtained coefficients, it seems that security values are rather a consequence than a concomitant or cause of cohesion whereas for self-direction we rather find a vice-versa relationship.
Culture Contact and the Development of Intercultural Sensitivity
Authors: Teyssier Julien , Denoux Patrick , Bayard-Richez Anna
Published: April 2024

The theory exhibited here is rooted in a culture-contact psychology perspective. It gives a central role to interculturation, transitory psychological reactions and intercultural sensitivity in such a way that the hypothesis investigated is thus expressed: “lasting critical culture-contact experience implies the development of intercultural sensitivity”. The content of this postulate requires that the study focus on distinct cultural areas. This is why the inhabitants of the cities of Buenos Aires (Argentina), Hong Kong (China) and Toulouse (France) were selected to answer a multidimensional questionnaire (n = 209), deriving from a theoretical approach and allowing the proposed hypothesis to be tested, through the analysis of culture contact and intercultural sensitivity level. The analysis of these results is combined with an ethnographic approach and demonstrates that critical culture contacts influence the nature of the intercultural sensitivity that can develop. The authors also show that the experienced exteriority differs from the given one. However, it is noted that methodological limitations hamper the relevance of this study.
Exploring the Quality and Inequality in the Literacy Development Opportunities of South African Preschoolers
Authors: van Staden Annalene
Published: April 2024

According to the South African Constitution and Bill of Rights, with their emphasis on a culture of civil liberties and the democratic values of liberty, equality and human rights, the country’s education system should be inherently capable of meeting the diverse needs of every child and preventing the breakdown and exclusion of any learner. In reality, however, the South African education system fails to address the literacy needs of many South African children. National literacy surveys suggest that the country is ‘headed for a national education crisis’ (Bloch, 2009:12), because we ‘barely produce literate and numerate children’. Against this disturbing background, we need to gain an understanding of teachers’ practices and the quality of language and literacy input currently being offered in early childhood education in South Africa. While remaining constantly aware of the interplay of various intrinsic and extrinsic factors that affect literacy development, two main objectives guided this research. Firstly, we aimed to investigate the quality of language and literacy stimulation programmes currently being offered at 195 randomly selected urban and rural preschool classes in the Free State province, South Africa (via the administration of the ECERS-R). Secondly, we conducted focus groups with 50 preschool teachers to explore the challenges they experience in creating classroom environments that are responsive to the literacy needs of South African preschoolers. Moreover, we attempted to identify and address the inequalities that still exist with regard to the literacy development of the vast number of South African learners who are still at risk of developing literacy and academic problems and consequently even now experience exclusion daily. Results from the literacy project have already made a significant contribution to the meagre corpus of empirically validated research in the literacy challenges facing South African children. With this article, we intend to stimulate debate on a topic of critical importance to the country’s education system.
Role of Empowering Leadership in Absorptive Capacity through Outcome Interdependence: A Cultural Perspective
Authors: Rai Rishabh , Prakash Anand
Published: April 2024

This study explores the influence process involved in the relationship between empowering leadership and absorptive capacity. On 217 samples from manufacturing and service organizations, the study has found that outcome interdependence mediated the relationship between empowering leadership and knowledge identification, knowledge assimilation, knowledge dissemination, and knowledge application. The findings show that members’ empowerment is essential for inducing them to engage in knowledge processes.
Tolerance for Ambiguity as a Potential Barrier to Intercultural Interactions
Authors: Osborne Randall , Kriese Paul
Published: April 2024

Online teaching brings both unique challenges and opportunities to students and faculty (e.g, Prensky, 2009). Some of these challenges and opportunities are in the area of perceptions of online teaching itself (e.g, Osborne, Kriese, Tobey and Johnson, 2009a), some involve unrealistic expectations or lack of appropriate preparation on the part of students (e.g, Clark, 2010) and others involve the match between faculty teaching styles, student learning styles and digital instruction (e.g, Chen, Kinshuk, Wei & Liu, 2010; Sheng-Wen, Yu-Ruei, Gwo-Jen & Nian-Shing, 2011). These challenges might present particular difficulties when the goal is to change attitudes (e.g, Bolliger & Martindale, 2004). The current study assessed the relationships between Tolerance for Ambiguity (Budner, 1962; MacDonald, 1970; McClain, 1993), Munroe Multicultural Attitudes (Munroe & Pearson, 2006) and student performance in an online course on the Prejudice, Discrimination and Hatred. As hypothesized, changes in Tolerance for Ambiguity and Munroe Multicultural Attitudes across the semester were predictive of course grades.
Values and Migration Motives in Three Ethnic Groups in Indonesia
Authors: Borualogo Ihsana , Van de Vijver Fons
Published: April 2024

Indonesia has 1340 ethnic groups. This study focused on three large ethnic groups, which are Bataknese, Minangnese and Sundanese. There were 712 participants in this study, aged 20-23 years. There is a different orientation on migration (within Indonesia) in those three ethnic groups. Bataknese mainly migrate for study. Minangnese mainly migrate for work and trading. Sundanese do not have a strong orientation toward migration, although members migrate for study or work. The aim of this study is to understand the value system of these three ethnic groups as measured by Schwartz’s PVQ-40 in correlation to migration attitudes. Migration attitudes were measured by items such as the importance of migration, the importance of having the tenacity and perseverance, the importance of making an effort, strive and work hard, the importance of having the ability to adjust with the new situation and dealing with problems in new place. There was no significant difference in value system of the three ethnic groups. Means on social life values were higher than means on fulfilling personal needs values in the three ethnic groups. Factors on migration motive have stronger and significant correlation with factors on value system in Bataknese than in Minangnese and Sundanese. We concluded that Bataknese’s motive to migrate was more associated with social life values and fulfilling personal needs values, Minangnese’s motive to migrate with fulfilling personal needs values, and Sundanese’s motive to migrate with social life values.
Platelet Function in Mood Disorders: Interplay, Clinical Implications, and Future Perspectives – A Narrative Review
Authors: He Ni , Liu Hanxiu , Liu Jing , Wang Xiqiang , Wang Junkui , Xu Hengwei , Liu Zhongwei
Published: April 2024

Mood disorders, encompassing major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder, present complex etiologies involving neuroanatomical, neurotransmitter, and inflammatory mechanisms. Recent research explores the role of platelets, traditionally associated with hemostasis, in the pathophysiology of mood disorders. We examine neuroanatomical insights, neurotransmitter dysregulation, and the link between inflammation and mood disorders, emphasizing the complex nature of mood disturbances. Emerging evidence of altered platelet function in mood disorders and the therapeutic potential of antiplatelet agents and serotonin reuptake inhibitors are discussed. While personalized medicine holds promise, further research is needed to fully comprehend this evolving field. This review offers comprehensive insights into mood disorder diagnosis, intervention, and pathophysiology. In this review, a comprehensive literature search was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The search focused on articles published from 2000 to 2023, using keywords like “platelet function,” “mood disorders,” and “neurotransmitter dysregulation.” We included studies that specifically investigated the role of platelets in mood disorders, encompassing various study designs and population demographics.
Cancer-associated Thrombosis in Vietnam: Literature Review and Expert Perspectives
Authors: Hoang Sy Van , Ho Tri Huynh Quang , Dang Thinh Huy Quoc , Nguyen Hien Thanh , Pham Phuong Cam , Do Tu Anh , Bui Hai Hoang , Nguyen Hai Tuan , Vuong Hao Dinh Thy , Dang Duc Quy , Than The Ha Ngoc , Nguyen Hai Hoang , Phan Thuan Tan , Dinh Huong Thi Thu
Published: April 2024

Cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT) is a substantial burden and an emerging topic of great interest in Vietnam. The management of CAT is complex, with several challenges, including a high risk of bleeding and thrombosis, treatment burden, and low treatment motivation due to the short life expectancy of patients. Another challenge in CAT management is the low awareness among local physicians regarding CAT. The introduction of direct oral anticoagulants, which offer a better risk–benefit profile compared to conventional anticoagulation, has brought about a revolution in CAT management. To address these challenges, a group of 14 experts, including cardiologists and oncologists, convened in January 2023 to discuss and provide comprehensive information on CAT management in Vietnam, along with recommendations to optimize clinical outcomes. This review will encompass the available evidence in the medical literature and the expert opinions derived from the meeting.