bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unidentified N-glycans by N-glycosidase A were Identified by Nglycosidase
F under Denaturing Conditions in Plant Glycoprotein
Authors: Kim Jeongeun , Kim Jihye , Ryu Changsoo , Lee Jaeryong , Park Chi Soo , Jin Mijung , Kang Minju , Kim Ahyeon , Mun Chulmin , Kim Ha Hyung
Published: March 2022

Background:

The identification of N-glycans in plant glycoproteins or plant-made pharmaceuticals is essential for understanding their structure, function, properties, immunogenicity, and allergenicity (induced by plant-specific core-fucosylation or xylosylation) in the applications of plant food, agriculture, and plant biotechnology. N-glycosidase A is widely used to release the N-glycans of plant glycoproteins because the core-fucosylated N-glycans of plant glycoproteins are hydrolyzed by N-glycosidase A but not by N-glycosidase F. However, the efficiency of N-glycosidase A activity on plant glycoproteins remains unclear.

Objective:

To elucidate the efficient use of N-glycosidases to identify and quantify the N-glycans of plant glycoproteins, the identification of released N-glycans by N-glycosidase F and their relative quantities with a focus on unidentified N-glycans by N-glycosidase A in plant glycoproteins, Phaseolus vulgaris lectin (PHA) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP), were investigated.

Methods:

Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry was used to analyze and compare the N-glycans of PHA and HRP treated with either N-glycosidase A or F under denaturing conditions. The relative quantities (%) of each N-glycan (>0.1%) to the total N-glycans (100%) were determined.

Results:

N-glycosidase A and F released 9 identical N-glycans of PHA, but 2 additional core-fucosylated N-glycans were released by only N-glycosidase A, as expected. By contrast, in HRP, 8 N-glycans comprising 6 core-fucosylated N-glycans, 1 xylosylated N-glycan, and 1 mannosylated N-glycan were released by N-glycosidase A. Moreover, 8 unexpected N-glycans comprising 1 core-fucosylated N-glycan, 4 xylosylated N-glycans, and 3 mannosylated N-glycans were released by N-glycosidase F. Of these, 3 xylosylated and 2 mannosylated N-glycans were released by only N-glycansodase F.

Conclusion:

These results demonstrated that N-glycosidase A alone is insufficient to release the N-glycans of all plant glycoproteins, suggesting that to identify and quantify the released N-glycans of the plant glycoprotein HRP, both N-glycosidase A and F treatments are required.
Effects of Green Tea (−)-Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (EGCG) on Cardiac Function - A Review of the Therapeutic Mechanism and Potentials
Authors: Li Yuejin , Peng Jiangnan , Karim Md. Rezaul , Wang Buheng
Published: March 2022

Heart disease, the leading cause of death worldwide, refers to various illnesses that affect heart structure and function. Specific abnormalities affecting cardiac muscle contractility and remodeling and common factors including oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis underlie the pathogenesis of heart diseases. Epidemiology studies have associated green tea consumption with lower morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular diseases, including heart and blood vessel dysfunction. Among the various compounds found in green tea, catechins are believed to play a significant role in producing benefits to cardiovascular health. Comprehensive literature reviews have been published to summarize the tea catechins' antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptosis effects in various diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, cancers, and metabolic diseases. However, recent studies on tea catechins, especially the most abundant (−)-Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (EGCG), revealed their capabilities in regulating cardiac muscle contraction by directly altering myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity on force development and Ca2+ ion handling in cardiomyocytes under both physiological and pathological conditions. In vitro and in vivo data also demonstrated that green tea extract or EGCG protected or rescued cardiac function, independent of their well-known effects against oxidative stress and inflammation. This mini-review will focus on the specific effects of tea catechins on heart muscle contractility at the molecular and cellular level, revisit their effects on oxidative stress and inflammation in various heart diseases, and discuss EGCG's potential as one of the lead compounds for new drug discovery for heart diseases.
Chemistry of 2-(Pipridin-1-yl) and/ or 2-(Morpholin-1-yl) Quinolines (Part
II): Synthesis, Reactivity and Biological Activities
Authors: Gouda Moustafa A. , El-Bana Ghada G.
Published: March 2022

Background:

Vilsmeier-Haack formylation of N-arylacetamides and used them as a key
intermediate for preparation of 2-(piperidin-1-yl) and/ or 2-(morpholin-1-yl) quinoline-3-
carbaldehydes. these used as precursors for the synthesis of 2-(piperidin-1-yl) and/ or 2-(morpholin-
1-yl) quinoline derivatives through the reaction with active methyl and/ or methylene component,
Claisen-Schmidt condensation, one-pot multicomponent reactions (MCRs), reductive amination,
Grignard reaction, etc.

Methods:

This review demonstrates the synthesis of 2-chloroquinoline-3-carbaldehyde derivatives,
through Vilsmeier-Haack formylation of N-arylacetamides that used as a precursor for preparation of
2-(piperidin-1-yl) and/ or 2-(morpholin-1-yl) quinoline- 3-carbaldehydes and reacted them with various
reagents to form the 2-(piperidin-1-yl) and/ or 2-(morpholin-1-yl) quinolines derivatives.

Results:

Many 2-(piperidin-1-yl) and/ or 2-(morpholin-1-yl) quinolines derivatives were achived
through the reaction with active methyl and/ or methylene component, Claisen-Schmidt condensation,
one-pot multicomponent reactions (MCRs), reductive amination, Grignard reaction, etc….

Conclusion:

Many quinoline ring systems, specifically concerning medicinal chemistry, had been
published over the past decade. During this review, we have outlined the synthetic routes and reactions
of 2-(piperidin-1-yl) and/ or 2-(morpholin-1-yl) quinoline-3-carbaldehydes. This review implies
a section of the synthesis of 2-(piperidin-1-yl) and/ or 2-(morpholin-1-yl) quinoline-3-carbaldehydes
which can be prepared via Vilsmeier formylation of N-arylacetamides followed by heating of the
formed aldehydes with piperidine or morpholine and two sections on its reactions with different reagents
were presented. Eventually, this review focus upon 2-(piperidin-1-yl) and/ or 2-(morpholin-1-
yl) quinoline-3-carbaldehydes as an interesting heterocyclic compound that can be utilized as a precursor
and building block for the synthesis of an extended range of heterocyclic systems which have
a potent pharmacological interest.
Endocrine Disruptors and Obesity: An Overview
Authors: Murro Isanna , Lisco Giuseppe , Di Noia Carmen , Lampignano Luisa , Zupo Roberta , Giagulli Vito Angelo , Guastamacchia Edoardo , Triggiani Vincenzo , De Pergola Giovanni
Published: March 2022

Obesity is a growing pandemic. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals are widespread in the en-vironment. In this perspective, the authors examine the issue related to the exposure to several chem-icals with endocrine-disrupting properties as promoting factors to obesity. Data show that Phthalates, Bisphenol compounds, Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs), solvents, and personal care products can modify metabolic properties in a dose-response and sex-specific manner. Phthalates and bi-sphenol compounds increase body mass index, waist circumference, waist to height ratio, and the sum of skinfold thicknesses in women and not in men. Low-dose exposure to Persistent Organic Pol-lutants is strongly associated with increased body mass index in men and decreased this parameter in women. The mechanism through which these compounds act on anthropometric parameters is not entirely understood. Several studies suggest a possible interference in gonadotropin secretion and the thyroid axis. These inspire a decrease in both total and free testosterone levels in men and FT3 and FT4 levels in women, particularly after a pregnancy. The impact of endocrine disruptor chemicals on adipose tissue inflammation and future cardio-metabolic disorders remains to be elucidated. There-fore, studies involving both healthy and obese individuals are needed to unambiguously confirm re-sults from in vitro and animal models.
Review of Giuliana Elena Garzone, Mara Logaldo and Francesca Santulli, eds, Investigating Conflict Discourses in the Periodical Press (2020)
Authors: Jacobs Thomas
Published: March 2022

Review of Giuliana Elena Garzone, Mara Logaldo and Francesca Santulli, eds, Investigating Conflict Discourses in the Periodical Press (2020)
Internal determinants of export performance of small and medium enterprises in Vietnam
Authors:   Department of Business Administration, School of Economics, Can Tho University, Can Tho, Vietnam, et al. Le
Published: March 2022

The aim of this study is to investigate the internal determinants of the export performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Vietnam. Building upon the Resource-Based Theory, hypotheses on the internal determinants of export performance of SMEs in Vietnam are proposed. A sample of 569 SMEs with export activities in Vietnam during the year 2018 is collected to carry out this research. To ensure the reliability of data, this study excludes joint venture companies due to ambiguous participation between the government and the foreign element. A linear regression approach is applied along with the Robust standard errors method to test the proposed hypotheses of the research model. In addition, this study also examines several control variables in the model, including cultural distance, geographic distance, economic distance, and institutional distance. Estimation results reveal that firm size, firm industry, and research and development (R&D) have a positive and statistically significant impact on the export performance of SMEs in Vietnam, while the manager’s gender has a negative and statistically significant influence on the export performance of these firms. Based on the empirical findings, several governance implications are provided for managers to improve the export performance of their SMEs in Vietnam.
Упругость 3D- и 2D-соединений XC (X=Si, Ge, Sn): модели Китинга и Харрисона
Authors: Давыдов С.Ю.
Published: March 2022

For the bulk and monolayer IV group carbides in the scope of Keating and/or Harrison models analytical expressions are obtained for second order elastic constants , sound velocities , third order elastic constants , pressure dependencies of and , Grüneisen constant, thermal expansion coefficient and temperature dependence of bulk moduli. It is shown that in the row of SiC – GeC – SnC values of all considered characteristics decrease while thermal expansion coefficient increases. All the model estimations are compared with experimental data and calculating results of other authors.
Ab initio расчеты электронных свойств, частотная дисперсия диэлектрических коэффициентов и край оптического поглощения монокристаллов TlInS-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-
Authors: Мустафаева С.Н. , Асадов М.М. , Гусейнова С.С. , Гасанов Н.З. , Лукичев В.Ф.
Published: March 2022

The method of computer simulation was used to study phase transitions in a two-dimensional site-diluted 3-state Potts model. Systems with linear dimensions L×L=N, L=10÷160 at spin concentrations p=1.00, 0.80 are considered. The obtained numerical data indicate that in the pure 3-state Potts model on a square lattice, a second-order phase transition is observed in accordance with the theory. The introduction of disorder in the form of non-magnetic impurities (p=0.80) in the Potts model with q=3 preserves the second-order phase transition.
Influence of nonwoven interleave layer on interlaminar fracture of sandwich-structured composites
Authors: Ali Zain , Schmidt Jakob , Kaufmann Jörg , Cebulla Holger
Published: March 2022

Debonding between the skins and the core is one of the critical failure modes encountered by sandwich-structured composites in highly strained conditions. The onset and growth of a debond critically hinder the load-bearing capacity of the sandwich structure. This paper investigates the effect on the debonding resistance of a sandwich-structured composite by the addition of nonwoven flax interleave veil in the skin-core interface. Mode-II fracture toughness is estimated through a proposed method based on curve fitting of numerical data to experimental results. Experimental data are obtained in a four-point bending test following the standard DIN 53 293 and Cohesive Zone Modelling (CZM) is implemented as the numerical tool in the analysis of Mode-II skin-core debonding. A series of sandwich specimens are fabricated using twill weave e-glass fabric and expanded polystyrene core with and without the addition of an interleave layer. Numerical data show a 60 % increment in Mode-II fracture toughness with the inclusion of a flax interleaf layer. Microscopic images attribute the increment to the presence of fibre bridging effect. The proposed method produces a good fit of numerical data to experimental results.
Teaching Telepsychiatry Skills: Building on the Lessons of the COVID-19 Pandemic to Enhance Mental Health Care in the Future
Authors: Smith Katharine , Torous John , Cipriani Andrea
Published: March 2022

COVID-19 has accelerated the use of telehealth and technology in mental health care, creating new avenues to increase both access to and quality of care. As video visits and synchronous telehealth become more routine, the field is now on the verge of embracing asynchronous telehealth, with the potential to radically transform mental health. However, sustaining the use of basic synchronous telehealth, let alone embracing asynchronous telehealth, requires new and immediate effort. Programs to increase digital literacy and competencies among both clinicians and patients are now critical to ensure all parties have the knowledge, confidence, and ability to equitably benefit from emerging innovations. This editorial outlines the immediate potential as well as concrete steps toward realizing the potential of a new, more personalized, scalable mental health system.
Telemedicine Acceptance Among Older Adult Patients With Cancer: Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Pang Ning-Qi , Lau Jerrald , Fong Si-Ying , Wong Celine Yu-Hui , Tan Ker-Kan
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND

Cancer is likely to remain the most prevalent noncommunicable disease in high-income countries with an older population. Interestingly, no review of attitudes toward telemedicine among older adults has been performed. This is likely to be the group most affected by both cancer and the increasing use of technology in health care.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to map research on the acceptance of telemedicine among older adults who are cancer patients.

METHODS

We conducted a scoping review. PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were systematically searched from inception to September 2020. Articles were included if the study population had a mean or median age ≥65 years, with cancer diagnoses and if the study assessed patients’ acceptance of a telemedicine intervention. Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed method studies were included.

RESULTS

Out of a total of 887 articles that were identified, 19 were included in the review. Interventions were delivered via telephone, videoconference, web portal, mobile app, wearable technology, and text messaging and included teleconsultation, monitoring and follow-up, psychosocial support and nursing care, and prompts. The most often cited facilitating factor was convenience. Other facilitators included an increase in telemedicine care accessibility, previous positive experiences of telemedicine, appropriate technical knowledge and support, decreased cost, physician recommendations, and privacy conferred by the telemedicine intervention. Barriers include a preference for conventional care along with negative perceptions of telemedicine, concerns about technical difficulties, and confidentiality concerns in the adoption of telemedicine.

CONCLUSIONS

None of the studies explored the ability of tailored interventions to address facilitators and barriers of the acceptance of telemedicine in order to increase its adoption by older adults. Facilitators and barriers will likely differ across different cultural contexts and by type of telemedicine; however, this is a gap in current knowledge. In-depth studies are necessary to determine if interventions could potentially address the barriers identified in this review, to increase acceptability.
Measuring Integrated Novel Dimensions in Neurodevelopmental and Stress-Related Mental Disorders (MIND-SET): Protocol for a Cross-sectional Comorbidity Study From a Research Domain Criteria Perspective (Preprint)
Authors: van Eijndhoven Philip , Collard Rose , Vrijsen Janna , Geurts Dirk E M , Vasquez Alejandro Arias , Schellekens Arnt , van den Munckhof Eva , Brolsma Sophie , Duyser Fleur , Bergman Annemiek , van Oort Jasper , Tendolkar Indira , Schene Aart
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND

It is widely acknowledged that comorbidity between psychiatric disorders is common. Shared and diverse underpinnings of psychiatric disorders cannot be systematically understood based on symptom-based categories of mental disorders, which map poorly onto pathophysiological mechanisms. In the Measuring Integrated Novel Dimensions in Neurodevelopmental and Stress-Related Mental Disorders (MIND-SET) study, we make use of current concepts of comorbidity that transcend the current diagnostic categories. We test this approach to psychiatric problems in patients with frequently occurring psychiatric disorders and their comorbidities (excluding psychosis).

OBJECTIVE

The main aim of the MIND-SET project is to determine the shared and specific mechanisms of neurodevelopmental and stress-related psychiatric disorders at different observational levels.

METHODS

This is an observational cross-sectional study. Data from different observational levels as defined in the Research Domain Criteria (genetics, physiology, neuropsychology, system-level neuroimaging, behavior, self-report, and experimental neurocognitive paradigms) are collected over four time points. Included are adult (aged ≥18 years), nonpsychotic, psychiatric patients with a clinical diagnosis of a stress-related disorder (mood disorder, anxiety disorder, or substance use disorder) or a neurodevelopmental disorder (autism spectrum disorder or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder). Individuals with no current or past psychiatric diagnosis are included as neurotypical controls. Data collection started in June 2016 with the aim to include a total of 650 patients and 150 neurotypical controls by 2021. The data collection procedure includes online questionnaires and three subsequent sessions with (1) standardized clinical examination, physical examination, and blood sampling; (2) psychological constructs, neuropsychological tests, and biological marker sampling; and (3) neuroimaging measures.

RESULTS

We aim to include a total of 650 patients and 150 neurotypical control participants in the time period between 2016 and 2022. In October 2021, we are at 95% of our target.

CONCLUSIONS

The MIND-SET study enables us to investigate the mechanistic underpinnings of nonpsychotic psychiatric disorders transdiagnostically. We will identify both shared and disorder-specific markers at different observational levels that can be used as targets for future diagnostic and treatment approaches.
Telehealth Business Models and Their Components: Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Velayati Farnia , Ayatollahi Haleh , Hemmat Morteza , Dehghan Reza
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND

Telehealth technology is an excellent solution to resolve the problems of health care delivery. However, this technology may fail during large-scale implementation. As a result, business models can be used to facilitate commercialization of telehealth products and services.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to review different types of business models or frameworks and their components used in the telehealth industry.

METHODS

This was a systematic review conducted in 2020. The databases used for searching related articles included Ovid, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Emerald, and ProQuest. Google Scholar was also searched. These databases and Google Scholar were searched until the end of January 2020 and duplicate references were removed. Finally, articles meeting the inclusion criteria were selected and the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) checklist was used for appraising the strengths and limitations of each study. Data were extracted using a data extraction form, and the results were synthesized narratively.

RESULTS

Initially, 4998 articles were found and after screening, 23 were selected to be included in the study. The results showed that new telehealth business models were presented in 13 studies, and the applications of the existing business models were reported in 10 studies. These studies were related to different types of services, namely, telemonitoring (4 studies), telemedicine (3 studies), mobile health (3 studies), telerehabilitation (3 studies), telehealth (2 studies), assisted living technologies (2 studies), sensor-based systems (2 studies), and mobile teledermoscopy, teleradiology, telecardiology, and teletreatment (1 study related to each area). In most of the business models, value proposition, financial variables, and revenue streams were the main components.

CONCLUSIONS

Applying business models in the commercialization of telehealth services will be useful to gain a better understanding of the required components, market challenges, and possible future changes. The results showed that different business models can be used for different telehealth technologies in various health systems and cultures. However, it is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of these models in practice. Moreover, comparing the usefulness of these models in different domains of telehealth services will help identify the strengths and weaknesses of these models for future optimization.
Preliminary Exploration of Main Elements for Systematic Classification Development: Case Study of Patient Safety Incidents (Preprint)
Authors: Vuokko Riikka , Vakkuri Anne , Palojoki Sari
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND

Currently, there is no holistic theoretical approach available for guiding classification development. On the basis of our recent classification development research in the area of patient safety in health information technology, this focus area would benefit from a more systematic approach. Although some valuable theoretical and methodological approaches have been presented, classification development literature typically is limited to methodological development in a specific domain or is practically oriented.

OBJECTIVE

The main purposes of this study are to fill the methodological gap in classification development research by exploring possible elements of systematic development based on previous literature and to promote sustainable and well-grounded classification outcomes by identifying a set of recommended elements. Specifically, the aim is to answer the following question: what are the main elements for systematic classification development based on research evidence and our use case?

METHODS

This study applied a qualitative research approach. On the basis of previous literature, preliminary elements for classification development were specified, as follows: defining a concept model, documenting the development process, incorporating multidisciplinary expertise, validating results, and maintaining the classification. The elements were compiled as guiding principles for the research process and tested in the case of patient safety incidents (n=501).

RESULTS

The results illustrate classification development based on the chosen elements, with 4 examples of technology-induced errors. Examples from the use case regard usability, system downtime, clinical workflow, and medication section problems. The study results confirm and thus suggest that a more comprehensive and theory-based systematic approach promotes well-grounded classification work by enhancing transparency and possibilities for assessing the development process.

CONCLUSIONS

We recommend further testing the preliminary main elements presented in this study. The research presented herein could serve as a basis for future work. Our recently developed classification and the use case presented here serve as examples. Data retrieved from, for example, other type of electronic health records and use contexts could refine and validate the suggested methodological approach.

CLINICALTRIAL
The relationship between morpho‐physiological changes and expression of transcription factors in NTT local rice cultivars as a response to drought stress
Authors: Salsinha Yustina Carolina Febrianti , Sebastian Alfino , Sutiyanti Ekris , Purwestri Yekti Asih , Indradewa Didik , Rachmawati Diah
Published: March 2022

Response by plants to drought occurs through a series of mechanisms that involve transcription regulation. This research was conducted to study transcription factors (TF) and physiological changes in the drought response of local rice cultivars from East Nusa Tenggara (Nusa Tenggara Timur, NTT) during drought stress. Using three NTT local rice cultivars (Boawae Seratus Malam (BSM), Gogo Jak (GJ), and Kisol Manggarai (KM)) and the fraction of transpirable soil water (FTSW) method with two treatment levels, FTSW 1 (control) and FTSW 0.2 (severe stress), we analyzed the TF expression of OsDREB1A, OsDREB2A, OsWRKY45, and OsNAC6. Based on the result, the highest level of TF expression occurred in the BSM, followed by the GJ and KM cultivars. Analysis of physiological characteristics showed an association between TF expression levels and physiological response, with the BSM cultivar showing high pigment levels, high proline content, and lower H2O2 levels. A linkage was also found in relation to water conservation, as indicated by the higher relative water content and cell membrane stability index in the BSM cultivar in contrast to lower electronic leakage and malondialdehyde percentage when exposed to drought. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the BSM cultivar can be considered as a drought‐tolerant local cultivar according to morpho‐physiological analysis. In this study, all NTT local rice cultivars showed a subtle upregulation of stress‐responsive transcription factors OsDREB1A, OsDREB2A, OsWRKY45, and OsNAC6 as responses to drought stress.
KZ Generation: In Search of Cultural Identity
Authors: Alexander Teslenko , Aliya Aubakirova , Aislu Zhauen
Published: March 2022

The relevance of article is caused due to the need for studying a problem of young Kazakhstani citizens cultural identification through a prism of the sociological theory of generations. The purpose of the article consists in scientific polemic with foreign authors in an assessment of values and a way of the younger generation life. Being guided by data of sociological researches of the last years, he analyzes structure of values of “mellenial” and “centenial” generations – “Nazarbayev generations” (M. Laruelle), or in author’s interpretation “KZ generation”. In article it is offered to consider features of sociocultural identification and socialization of young Kazakhstan citizens through a prism of a metalny dilemma “West-East”. It is proved that traditional values - the main characteristic of modern youth of Kazakhstan, do not prevent it to integrate into world information space. Article is intended for experts in the sphere of youth work and the state youth policy, teachers of an education system, scientists.
Open Access im Wandel. Infrastrukturen, Monitoring und Governance als zentrale Elemente einer erfolgreichen Transformation. Baseline Report zur Open Access Transformation in der Wissenschaft.
Authors:   ZSI - Centre for Social Innovation, Mayer Katja
Published: March 2022

In light of international and national developments around Open Access to scientific publications and data, the report explains challenges and need for action and formulates possible priorities for the agenda of the European Research Area ERA.
American Meat Science Association Guidelines for Meat Color Measurement
Authors: King D. Andy , Hunt Melvin C. , Barbut Shai , Claus James R. , Cornforth Darren P. , Joseph Poulson , Kim Yuan H. Brad , Lindahl Gunilla , Mancini Richard A. , Nair Mahesh N. , Merok Kjell J. , Milkowski Andy , Mohan Anand , Pohlman Fred , Ramanathan Ranjith , Raines Christopher R. , Seyfert Mark , Sørheim Oddvin , Suman Surendranath P. , Weber Mellissa
Published: March 2022

Meat color is an important aspect of a consumer’s purchase decisions regarding meat products. Perceived meatcolor results from the interaction of light, a detector (i.e., human eye), and numerous factors, both intrinsic and extrinsic tothe muscle, that influence the chemical state of myoglobin. The complex nature of these interactions dictates that decisionsregarding evaluations of meat color be made carefully and that investigators have a basic knowledge of the physical andchemical factors affecting their evaluations. These guidelines were compiled to aid investigators in navigating the pitfalls ofmeat color evaluation and ensure the reporting of information needed for the appropriate interpretation of the resulting data.The guidelines provide an overview of myoglobin chemistry, perceptions of meat color, details of instrumentation used inmeat color evaluation, and step-by-step protocols of the most common laboratory techniques used in meat color research.By following these guidelines, results of meat color research may be more clearly presented and more easily replicated.
Influence of Aging Temperature and Duration on Spoilage Organism Growth, Proteolytic Activity, and Related Chemical Changes in Vacuum-Packaged Beef Longissimus
Authors: Hernandez M. Sebastian , Woerner Dale R. , Brooks J. C. , Wheeler Tommy L. , Legako Jerrad F.
Published: March 2022

The objective was to evaluate the influence of vacuum-packaged aging temperature, duration, and their inter-action on spoilage organism growth, proteolytic activity, and resulting beef tenderness. Paired strip loins were collected from 60 USDA Low Choice beef carcasses (n=60), then assigned a storage temperature (−2°C, 0°C, or 4°C). Loins were portioned into half loins and assigned to an aging duration (14, 28, 42, or 56 d) and vacuum packaged. Loins were aged in commercial upright refrigerators. Half-loin packages, at their respective aging duration, were aseptically opened and cut surface swabbed for microbial analysis before fabrication into 2.54 cm strip steaks (n=5). Steaks assigned to slice shear force (SSF) were cooked to 71°C. A raw steak was used for microbial, proteolytic, and volatile analyses. Two-way interactions were observed for all spoilage organisms (P < 0.001). Aging for 42 and 56 d at−2°C produced lower microbial counts compared to individual aging durations at 4°C (P < 0.05). Loins aged for 14 d at 4°C had increased desmin and troponin-T degradation compared to aging for 14 at−2°C and 0°C (P < 0.05). Loins aged at 4°C produced more tender steaks compared to−2°C and 0°C (P = 0.001). Steaks aged for 42 and 56 d possessed the lowest SSF values (P < 0.05). Aging for 56 d at 4°C produced the greatest amount of total free amino acids (P < 0.001). Two-way interactions were observed for 7 compounds (alcohols, aldehydes, carboxylic acids, ketones, and sulfur-containing compounds; P < 0.05). Aging for 56 d at 4°C had the greatest ethanol concentration (P < 0.05). These data indicate aging at 4°C increases the rate of proteolysis and subsequent tenderness development and flavor precursor accumulation. However,extended aging at 4°C resulted in increased microbial counts. Many traits peaked at 42 d of aging.
NUEVO REGISTRO DE DEPREDADOR PARA LA LAGARTIJA DE ÁRBOL DE NARIZ NEGRA, Sceloporus melanorhinus (PHRYNOSOMATIDAE)
Authors: Nieto Toscano Luis Francisco , Martínez-Coronel Matías
Published: March 2022

Reportamos por primera vez a la lagartija Sceloporus melanorhinus como parte de la dieta de Pitangus sulphuratus en Oaxaca, México.
INCLUSION IS NOT REPRESENTATIVENESS: THE CONTEXT OF COLOMBIAN SAMPLES IN THE TAXONOMIC AND SYSTEMATIC MID-LARGE HERPETOLOGICAL LITERATURE
Authors: Vásquez-Restrepo Juan Daniel
Published: March 2022

Despite being one of the most biodiverse countries in the world, the inclusion and representativeness of samples from Colombia in taxonomic and systematic studies are still low in the herpetological literature. Currently, there are 80 herpetological collections in Colombia, which house more than 214 000 specimens with wide geographic coverage and extensive metadata. Here, I review the main herpetological literature in the Neotropics for the last 20 years, to explore the inclusion and representativeness of Colombian samples in taxonomic and systematic studies. I also compile the data available in Colombian herpetological collections, to provide a picture of its current status. I found that quantifying the inclusion and representativeness requires an indirect approach, since their dependence on the taxa distribution and sample availability mask the true extent of the gaps. Then, I discuss five possible reasons that may explain this phenomenon, including the absence of data, how bureaucracy may constrain researchers, the visibility of the data through online platforms, the participation of local taxonomists in publications, and difficulties accessing the existing material. I close with a discussion of the consequences and possible solutions.
Threat Prediction using Honeypot and Machine Learning
Authors: Aranjo Prof. Suvarna , Maurya Sachin , Thakur Chandrakant , Raju Melvin
Published: March 2022

Abstract: Honeypot is the ultimate tool in the kit of a security analyst, it helps us figure out what kind of attacks and malicious intent the attackers carry out and different strategies they use to take control of the network. Machine learning on the other hand can be used to make quicker decisions and narrow down different types of attacks faster and therefore predict the same attack that can occur on the actual network. The paper is divided into two sections one where we talk about the setup of the Honeypot on a Cloud service and then analyzing it and the other is where we are using Machine Learning algorithms to predict the type of the threat detected in the honeypots Keywords: Intrusion detection System (IDS), Network Intrusion Detection System(NIDS), High Interaction Honeypots(HIH)
Chura Narykov is a Politician of the Kazan Khanate
Authors:   G. Ibragimov Institute of Language, Literature and Art of Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, Mukhametzianova Liliya Kh.
Published: March 2022

Research objectives: To reconstruct the image of Chura, the son of Naryk (Chura Narykov) – a political figure and historical personality of the period of the Kazan Khanate – based on a comparison of the historical epic with the history of the Tatar kha­nates in the first half of sixteenth century. Research materials: The author analyzes various historical sources and literature with information about the real personality of Chura Narykov, his life, and his work. She focuses on the history of the Kazan Khanate in the sixteenth century and analyzes the texts of dastans collected and published by Russian and foreign scholars from the second half of nineteenth century, along with archival and published epic texts in various versions dedicated to Chura Batyr which were distributed and recorded by Tatar-speaking informants in the Volga region. In turn, information about Chura Narykov as a real person is contained in Russian chronicles, the anonymous “Kazan history” of the sixteenth century, and in publications of Kh. Atlasi (1993), R. Fakhretdin (1995), M. Khudyakov (1990), A.Kh. Khalikov (1992), D.M. Iskhakov (1994, 1997, 2017), S.Kh. Alishev (1995), A.-Z. Validi (1992), and others. Results and novelty of the research: The author draws parallels between historical reality and the epic Chura-batyr, addresses the problems of the historical explanation of the rich material of folk art, and reveals the commonality between reality and epic works about Chura-batyr. The study systematically proves the relevance – in the history of the Turkic peoples – of political events associated with the Tatar khanates that existed until the late Middle Ages, focusing on the fact that during this period Kazan was a major political center of important events of a global scale. Key aspects of the topic raised in the study contribute to a more detailed study of the history of the Golden Horde and the Tatar khanates, determining the role and historical significance of the Tatar version of the dastan about Chura-batyr along with other Turkic versions and variants. The historical personality of Chura Narykov is considered as a prototype of not only the Tatar, but also the Turkic historical and heroic epic.
About the Shajara of Mamai “Khan”
Authors:   Marjani Institute of History of Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, Salikhov Radik R.
Published: March 2022

Research objectives: To study the handwritten shajara of Mamai “Khan”, the persons mentioned in it, and its chronological attribution. Research materials: A handwritten genealogy of the descendants of Mamai “Khan” deposited in the archive of orientalists of the Institute of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Academy of Sciences, civil cases of the Buinsky district court of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, the archive of the Simbirsk district court, the materials of state audits of the population, official documents of the authorities and administration of the Simbirsk and Saratov provinces, and a legend about the founding of the village of Old Zelenaya, Khvalynsky district, Saratov province. Results and novelty of the research: Based on an analysis of a corpus of published and archival sources, M.A. Usmanov’s version of the “Mishar” origin of Mamai’s genealogy was confirmed. For the first time ever, the chronological framework of this genealogy was determined, and a description of its main representatives was given. The shajara is studied in the context of the history of the Tatar service class, which participated in the protection of the fortified lines and actively populated the “wild steppe” in the Volga and Trans-Kama regions. The article shows the process of transformation of the Tatar military class, during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, from landlords and lashmans to state peasants. It is noted that many descendants of the clan of Mamai “Khan” in this period began to engage in theological and educational activities, being parish imams. The set of documents involved in the study of the genealogy contains valuable information about the migration of the Meshchera Tatars to the southeast of the Russian state in the eighteenth century.
PENGARUH BEBAN KERJA DAN KOMPENSASI TERHADAP KEPUASAN KERJA KARYAWAN (Studi Kasus Pada Kantor PT. Tri Poda Parama)
Authors: Paijan Paijan , Putri Anugrah Hutami
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh beban kerja, dan kompensasi terhadap kepuasan kerja karyawan. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 24 karyawan PT. Tri Poda Parama. Metode penarikan sampel adalah teknik sampling jenuh. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan metode survey, dengan instrument penelitian adalah kuesioner. Metode analisis data menggunakan Partial Least Square. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa beban kerja berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja karyawan. Kompensasi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja karyawan.
The Effect Of Individual Characteristics, Organizational Commitments And Leadership Profiles On Employee Performance In The Implementation Work From Home (WFH) (Study On Student Employees At Mercu Buana University)
Authors: Kurniawan Deden , Sarwono Indra
Published: March 2022

This study analyzed the effect of individual characteristics, organizational commitment and leadership profile on employee performance in implementing Work From Home (WFH). The object of this research was student employees of Mercu Buana. This research is qualitative research with a questionnaire instrument as the survey method. The approach used in this research is Structural Equation Model (SEM) with the Smart-PLS analysis tool. A total of 286 respondents participated in this research. The sample size was determined by the sloven formula and generated a sample of 167 employees. This study proves that individual characteristics positively and significantly affect employee performance with a T-statistic value of (3,845). Organizational commitment has a positive and significant effect on employee performance with a T-statistic value (3.136). The leadership profile positively and significantly affect employee performance with a T- statistic value of(4.095).
Directing Techniques Feature Television Setengah Hati Kurangi Plastik
Authors: Pratami Arvi Ristiani
Published: March 2022

Indonesia is the second largest contributor to plastic waste in the world. Not only pollutes the environment, plastic waste also causes animals to die. Some people are starting to become aware of the dangers of plastic waste. However, that is only a small part. This final project aims to make people aware that plastic waste is a problem that must be solved together.               The theory used as the basis for this final project is hypodermic needle theory which has the principle of stimulus-response principle where the effect is a reaction to a particular stimulus. This theory considers that the mass media coverage is like a drug that is injected into the blood vessels of the audience, which then the audience will react as expected.               This applicative final project design concept is made in a television news feature program format entitled Half a Heart Reduce Plastic. The format of the media used is digital 16: 9. This work is intended for all people.               Based on the results of the production of plastic waste problems can be resolved if the government draws up regulations that regulate production to the recycling of plastic waste, the community must also contribute by reducing the use of plastic, and producers are asked to process their own plastic waste from production.
Inertial algorithms with adaptive stepsizes for split variational inclusion problems and their applications to signal recovery problem
Authors: Zhou Zheng , Tan Bing , Li Songxiao
Published: March 2022

With the help of the Meir-Keeler contraction method and the Mann-type
method, two adaptive inertial iterative schemes are introduced for
finding solutions of the split variational inclusion problem in Hilbert
spaces. The strong convergence of the suggested algorithms are
guaranteed by a new stepsize criterion that does not require calculation
of the bounded linear operator norm. Some numerical experiments and
applications in signal recovery problems are given to demonstrate the
efficiency of the proposed algorithms.
High ammonia oxidizers persist seven years after cessation of nutrient addition
Authors: Xiao Rui , Li Junyong , Ma Xiaojun , Du Guozhen , Yang Zhongling
Published: March 2022

Ammonia oxidizers are the primary agents for nitrification. The most
significant change in an ecosystem’s nitrogen (N) cycle is the
stimulation of ammonia oxidizer activity caused by N enrichment and the
subsequent development of a highly nitrifying soil environment. However,
few studies have examined the duration of N-induced impacts on
nitrification after the cessation of N inputs. We conducted a 15 years
nutrient addition experiment in a Tibetan alpine meadow, and then
nutrient addition was ceased for 7 years, and the ammonia-oxidizer
communities were examined. Ammonia oxidizers, especially
ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), exhibited a continuous hysteretic
response to N enrichment and subsequent cessation. Soil ammonia
availability has been proposed as a primary driver controlling AOB
abundances under nutrient addition. Although plant N and soil inorganic
N concentrations showed rapid recovery in plots where nutrient additions
were discontinued, soil microbial N mainly controlled changes in N
mineralization and availability of soil N to ammonia oxidizers.
Pyrosequencing data revealed that nutrient cessation significantly
impacts AOB, and AOB composition established connections than AOA and
comammox Nitrospira, indicating the greater ecological importance of AOB
in the overall network. Our findings suggest that a high nitrification
environment induced by N enrichment is not possible simply by reducing N
input, and it requires a long recuperation time.
Marked Improvement in A1C Levels After Initiation of Intermittently Scanned Continuous Glucose Monitoring Is Maintained Over 4 Years in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Mustonen Jyrki , Rautiainen Päivi , Lamidi Marja-Leena , Lavikainen Piia , Martikainen Janne , Laatikainen Tiina
Published: March 2022

Objective

This study aimed to demonstrate the effectiveness of long-term use of intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) in adult patients with type 1 diabetes.

Design and methods

In this retrospective real-world study, 689 patients with type 1 diabetes who were >18 years of age and using isCGM were identified from the electronic patient records in North Karelia, Finland. A1C data were collected before and after the initiation of isCGM. The primary outcome was a change in the mean A1C over time after isCGM started.

Results

The greatest reductions in the mean A1C levels were observed 6 months (−0.54% [−5.9 mmol/mol], P <0.001) and 12 months (−0.42% [−4.6 mmol/mol], P <0.001) after the initiation of isCGM. Reduction in A1C remained significant for 4 years, although the mean reduction in A1C was −0.18% (−2.05 mmol/mol) (P = 0.009) at 48 months compared with baseline. In a subgroup analysis, patients with a baseline A1C >9% (75 mmol/mol) benefited the most from initiation of isCGM (reduction −0.97% [−10.6 mmol/mol], P <0.001, at 12 months and −0.92% [−10.1 mmol/mol], P <0.001, at 48 months). Neither sex nor age at the start of isCGM were correlated with A1C reduction.

Conclusion

Use of isCGM improves A1C levels significantly in adult patients with type 1 diabetes. Significant reduction in A1C persisted over 4 years of use, although the effect diminished over time.
KEBIJAKAN PENATAAN PULAU-PULAU TERLUAR DI PROVINSI MALUKU UTARA DALAM RANGKA MEMPERTAHANKAN KEUTUHAN NEGARA KESATUAN REPUBLIK INDONESIA
Authors: Malik Faissal , J. Kotta Ridjal , Murni Rada Arisa
Published: March 2022

Indonesia sebagai negara kesatuan, merupakan negara kepulauan, yang mempunyai kekayaan sumberdaya alam dan jasa lingkungan yang terkandung di dalamnya, dapat dipahami sebagai potensi nasional yang harus ditata dan dikelola secara baik. Selain itu Indonesia juga memiliki pulau-pulau terluar yang sekaligus merupakan garda terdepan dalam keamanan dan ketahanan negara. Meskipun demikian harus disadari bahwa penataan dan pengelolaan pulau-pulau terluar di Indonesia belum dilakukan secara optimal, tak terkecuali di Provinsi Maluku Utara. Hal ini terkonfirmmasi melalui pulau sipadan dan ligitan harus lepas dari yurisdiksi Indonesia, di Maluku Utara, maraknya pencurian ikan di perairan Maluku Utara setidaknya menjelaskan bahwa pengamanan pada pulau-pulau terluar melalui kebijakan ditingkat daerah belum optimal dilakukan oleh pemeritah Provinsi Maluku Utara.

Oleh karena itu pulau-pulau terluar sebagai fungsi pertahanan berperan sebagai pintu gerbang dalam menjaga keutuhan Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia, melalui pengawasan sehingga pulau-pulau terluar terjaga dan terawasi, sehingga ketahanan nasional terlindungi dari berbagai ancaman.. Selain itu fungsi ekonomi, yang berbasis pada sumber daya yang merupakan ekosistem penting bagi penyediaan pariwisata maupun sumber daya poerikanan dapat ditata dan dikelola dengan agar meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat di pulau-pulau terluar, ini semua dapat terwujud jika ada kebijakan nasional maupun lokal di tingkat Provinsi.

Metode pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian dengan melakukan kajian pada prinsip hukumm peraturan perundangan perlindungan pulau-pulau terluar undang-undang terkait lainnya sehingga dapat dijadikan dasar dalam merumuskan kebijakan di tingkat daerah dalam rangkat memberikan perlindungan yang lebih optimal dalam penataan dan pengelolaan pulau-pulau terluar.