bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
خانگی نظامِ حیات پر کرونا وائرس کے اثرات:سیرت النبی ﷺکی روشنی میں تجزیاتی مطالعہ
Authors: Syed Hafiz Daniyal Ahmad  , Kausar Sajeela
Published: August 2023

Family system of life has been given a lot of importance in the Seerat-un-Nabi ﷺ. The survival of family system is the backbone for the survival and safety of human society. During the epidemic of Corona virus, the human has faced many changes. Due to this virus, human life has suffered severe anxiety in all areas of life. While other aspects of life have been affected by this virus, it has also had numerous effects on the family system. These impacts include both positive and negative impacts. These include spousal relationships, parent-child relationships, and sibling relationships, which include aspects such as psychological, emotional, and behavioral aspects of human disposition. In all these angles positive and negative changes took place. All these qualities of an individual must affect all the roles of the family system in some degree. Seerat-un-Nabi ﷺ is a perfect Sample of life. During the epidemic of corona virus, we had to go through various kinds of bitter experiences. Seerat-un-Nabi ﷺ provides us with solutions to difficult-to-difficult situations and complicated to complicated problems. In this article, an attempt has been made to ensure that guidance is derived from the Seerat-un-Nabi ﷺ to deal with such situations, so that in the future, in such a situation, May the clear instructions of the Seerat-un-Nabi ﷺ be in front of us, by following which we can lead a peaceful life.
The Hidden Aspects of A Century of Substance Use Policymaking in Iran
Authors: Razaghi Emran , Binazadeh Mohammad , Negarandeh Rahimeh , Bradford James , Khoshnood Kaveh
Published: August 2023

The use of substances, especially opiates, has been a longstanding and significant problem in Iran. In response, Iran has experimented with a wide range of policies including nonintervention, regulation, legalization, prohibition, and criminalization. Exploring Iran’s substance use policies suggests that the Iranian government has been more concerned with byproducts of policies such as financial revenue, promoting diplomacy, and maintaining power, rather than genuinely alleviating the substance trade and addiction. First, we explore how opium taxation was the core substance use policy before oil became the main source of government income. Second, we discuss how conflicts of power between the health sector and other stakeholders relegated the role of the health sector and medical professionals. Lastly, we analyze the post-1979 revolution policies when Iran experienced social desolations, such as during the Iraq-Iran war and the subsequent economic recessions. We reveal that stigmatization and scapegoating of people who use substances have been used as a cover-up to obscure deeper social problems. This historical analysis ultimately reveals that Iran’s substance use policies have largely neglected medical approaches in favor of more oppressive, but politically expedient options.
Optimizing Image Processing with CNNs through Transfer Learning: Survey
Authors: Essa Hussein Mohammed , Murshid Asim M.
Published: August 2023

The field of image processing has been revolutionized by Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), which exhibit exceptional capability in feature extraction and accurate image classification. However, training CNNs requires large volumes of annotated data and significant computational resources. Considering these challenges, transfer learning has emerged as a promising approach to reducing the dependence on labeled data and computational resources. Transfer learning involves utilizing knowledge gained from a source task to improve the training process for a target task. This technique has demonstrated considerable benefits; however, it also possesses certain limitations. Consequently, this survey explores the advantages and constraints of transfer learning and the various factors that influence its effectiveness in optimizing image processing using CNNs. Additionally, the survey investigates the most recent advancements and research in the field of transfer learning specifically for image processing with CNNs. In summary, this comprehensive analysis highlights the significance of transfer learning in the context of optimizing image processing with CNNs, providing unique insights into this rapidly evolving domain.
Active and phenolic compounds in Spirogyra sp. PDNA1 is an antibiotic for some bacteria and fungi
Authors: Mohammed Damia Hazem , Al-Katib Mira Ausama
Published: August 2023

Green algae are a biological source rich in phenolic compounds and potentially inhibit the growth of microorganisms. Spirogyra sp. PDNA1 is one of the most types of green algae found in freshwater. Because of the increasing resistance of most bacteria and fungi to available antibiotics, a continuous search is required for the most effective, economical, and environmentally friendly alternatives. There are 30 compounds were identified, including alkaloids, phenols, and esters, and the highest percentage was oleic acid, with a retention time of 21.949 min and a concentration of 32.89%. The highest percentage of inhibition showed on the bacteria for the methanolic algal extract was against Salmonella typhi (22.5 mm), while the lowest percentage of it was against Bacillus cereus (10 mm). The hexane extract had the highest inhibition percentage against Salmonella typhi (19.5 mm) and the lowest inhibition percentage against Klebsiella pneumoniae (11 mm). It was also noted that the effect of the methanolic extract was highest against Trichoderma asperallum (22 mm) and the lowest percentage of inhibition against Candida albicans (7 mm), while the hexane extract recorded the highest percentage of inhibition against Candida albicans (15 mm) and the lowest percentage of inhibition was against the fungus Aspergillus Niger with inhibition diameter (8 mm). Phenols were identified by HPLC technology. The phenolic compounds included Rutin, Gallic acid, Tannic acid, Quercetin, and Kaempferol, where the highest percentage of Rutin was in the phenolic methanolic extract (240.99) ppm, Kaempferol (7.2124) ppm, while the phenolic hexane extract had the highest percentage of Rutin (19.606) ppm, Kaempferol (10.997) ppm. The phenols showed the highest inhibition rate of the phenolic-methanolic extract against (Klebsiella pneumoniae) (30) mm and the least inhibition against (Escherichia. coli) (11) mm while the phenolic hexane extract has the highest inhibition to (Salmonella typhi) (27) mm and the lowest effect was against (Escherichia coli) (10) mm. The antifungal effect of the phenolic methanolic extract recorded the highest percentage against (Candida albicans) (30) mm and had the lowest effect on Mucor racemosus (18) mm, while the phenolic hexane extract had the highest effect with Candida albicans (22.5) mm, and the least inhibition percentage was in Mucor racemosus with (11) mm. Therefore, the study aimed to isolate and identify the effective compounds of the methanolic and hexanoic extract of this algae, and active phenolic compounds were detected using GC-MS and HPLC technology.
Policy of land recovery, compensation and site clearance in Ho Chi Minh City: The situation and recommendations
Authors:   University of Economics and Law – VNUHCM, Vietnam, Huynh Thuy Tien
Published: August 2023

Land is one of the important resources for the development of each nation. Article 53 of the 2013 Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam stipulates: “Land is owned by all the people, represented and uniformly managed by the State.” Accordingly, households, individuals and organizations have the right to use land. When the State requests to recover land for security, national defense, national and public interests and economic development, land users have an obligation to cooperate. In fact, the implementation of land recovery, compensation and site clearance in big cities like Ho Chi Minh City still has many difficulties and inadequacies. The article analyzes legal provisions and the implementation of land recovery, compensation and site clearance in Ho Chi Minh City, thereby evaluating the advantages and disadvantages in order to provide implications to help improve the policy of land management in urban areas.
The moderating role of autonomy on the relationship of positive psychological capital and innovation performance
Authors:   Long An University of Economics and Industry, Vietnam, TRAN PHONG THANH , Phan Dũng Đức ,   University of Economics and Law, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Đỗ Phượng Thị ,   College of Foreign Economy and Relations, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Phan Phượng Thị Thúy ,   Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Published: August 2023

In this study, the author establishes and tests a model in which psychological capital and autonomy affect the innovative performance in education. In addition, the role of the moderator (autonomy) is also considered in the relationship between psychological capital and innovative performance. Unlike most previous studies, such as the relationship between psychological capital, autonomy and dependent variable of innovative performance is often established. The difference, in this study, is that autonomy also plays a role in moderating the relationship between psychological capital and innovative performance. For this study, a survey sample of 440 responses were collected from lecturers in universities in the southern of Vietnam. The author used AMOS 24 software to test the structural model. Research results show that, all hypotheses are statistically significant. The results also show that, in addition to the direct impact, autonomy also enhances the relationship between psychological capital and innovative performance. The results, once again, confirm the relationship between positive psychological capital and innovative performance in a transition economy of a developing country. Besides, from those results of the study, implications are also given to promote creativity in universities.
Model of interaction between the government and business towards legalization of unorganized imports
Authors: Kirzhetska Mariya , Kirzhetskyy Yuriy
Published: August 2023

Ukraine’s economy quickly integrated into the system of shadow financial flows and used standard tools to manipulate export and import prices and financial instruments. In terms of cumulative outflows of shadow capital, Ukraine is among the top twenty countries. The research relevance is predefined by the main directions of legalization of economic processes, including in the segment of shadow imports, which involve the formation of optimal institutional strategies for the behaviour of social agents (government and business). The research aims to select the Government’s strategy for legalizing unorganized imports, which will allow the establishment of effective interaction between social agents on mutually beneficial terms. Research methods include mathematical analysis and game theory, used to build mathematical models, which reveal the intrinsic rationality of individual interactions, aggregating a set of social situations into several options and reducing the uncertainty of a set of behavioural options to a clear and stable pattern of regular interaction. The results showed that the level of employees’ salaries is not crucial for overcoming shadow imports, but the level of integrity of customs officers is a more important indicator. The article shows that the mechanism of legalization of shadow operations (in particular, unorganized imports) should be based not only on economic but also on social parameters: the level of moral and professional principles of customs officers. The practical value of the research results is to improve the mechanisms of legalization of unorganized imports in Ukraine.
Challenges and recommendations of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis: A narrative review from a nursing perspective
Authors:   Department of Psychiatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Goudarzian Amir Hossein ,   Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
Published: August 2023

Factor analysis is a statistical method used to explore the underlying structure of a set of variables. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) are two widely used methods in this domain. In recent years, new findings have emerged that shed light on the strengths and limitations of both methods. This paper discussed about new findings of EFA and CFA, challenges ahead and some necessary recommendations.
Educational workshops related to ethical reasoning skills in the provision of end-of-life care by nurses: A suitable and efficient strategy to deal with challenges related to ethical decision-making
Authors:   Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Nazari Amir Mohamad , Zare-Kaseb Akbar ,   Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Esmaeili Shaqayeq ,   Imam Khomeini Hospital, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
Published: August 2023

As a branch of practical philosophy, ethics focuses on appropriate actions and attitudes toward life, defining what is good and bad or right and wrong in certain situations. Bioethics is a branch of ethics investigating ethical issues in health care, such as life and death. It encompasses many people, including doctors, nurses, patients, and their families. Nursing ethics is another branch of bioethics that examines nurses' ethical difficulties. It is crucial for nursing professionals whose primary goal is to provide human care [1, 2]. One of the most essential parts of providing ethical care is having adequate moral reasoning. Every day, nurses face a variety of ethical dilemmas; the ability to reason ethically might be crucial in these instances [3]. Ethical reasoning, defined as a person's ability to assess and make judgments based on his/her knowledge and conscience to provide the most appropriate answer and rationale in ethical quandaries and difficult clinical conditions, is critical to providing the best patient care. As a result, a lack of ethical reasoning leads to erroneous decision-making and incorrect behavior, which can harm the patients, their family, and the nurses and lead to poor quality treatment and occupational dissatisfaction in nursing [4, 5].
Tele-rehabilitation to improvement of the quality of nursing care
Authors:   Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Zare-Kaseb Akbar , Ghazanfari Mohammad Javad ,   Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Published: August 2023

In recent years, the progress of new computer science technologies and more advanced telemedical devices has led to a significant increase in the use of telemedicine applications [1-3]. Various methods, such as videoconferencing, email, and texting, have made long-distance communication convenient [4, 5]. Additionally, remote control of robots, robotic arms, or drones has become feasible [6]. The impact of these advancements on human activities has been noteworthy [7]
Orientação para Diagnóstico e Tratamento das Afecções Malignas da Mama e Região Mamária
Authors: Lima Jaime de Queiroz
Published: August 2023

O câncer do esôfago é das localizações mais graves. Por suas implicações no ato de nutrição, impedindo-a mecanicamente e mais ou menos precoce, altera profundamente o estado geral do enfermo. Via de regra, o portador de câncer do esôfago é indivíduo em profundo estado de carência alimentar, subnutrido, pálido, fraco, sem iniciativa muscular e também mental. Trabalho apresentado à IV Jornada Brasileira de Cancerologia, realizada de 17 a 23 de outubro em Porto Alegre — Rio Grande do Sul.
Perspectivas da Pesquisa em Cancerologia
Authors: Silva M. Santos
Published: August 2023

Conferência feita na Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. Trata das perspectivas da pesquisa clinica em cancerologia.
Epidemiologia do Câncer no Brasil: Registros de Câncer
Authors: Mirra Antônio Pedro
Published: August 2023

O texto trata do estudo das diferenças regionais na distribuição dos tumores malignos e dos critérios para criação de um registro de câncer.
The Genesis of Human Breast Cancer: Histological, Histochemical and Cariometric Studies: Proposition on the Genesis of Cancer
Authors: Monteiro Aurélio
Published: August 2023

1. Câncer arises gradually, preceded by histological, histochemical and cariometric (tetraploidism) or hyperdiploidism pictures which may be called morphological precursors of câncer. 2. Malignant cells are not autonomous, but obbey the principal biological laws — genetic code of triplets, hormone dependence etc. Then, câncer cannot be considered a “sui generis”, mysterious disease. 3. Differences between normal and malignant cells are only quantitative. The most important feature in pre-malignant and malignant cells is the increase of DNA-RNA. All the other findings — enzymatics etc. — most be considered as secondary phenomena. 4. The increase of DNA-RNA in the cells of the morphological precursors of câncer — as stated by the author — has the meaning of a link between normal and malignant cells. 5. The increase of DNA-RNA explains all the morphological and functional changes observed in malignant cells, including accelerated growth, invasion, metastasis and death — malignant cells reaching the Interspaces-vessels and impairing vital functions either through the substitution of functional cells by immature outsider cells or by compression of important organs. 6. The cause of this DNA-RNA increase may be diversified; virus (integration of the DNA-RNA of the virus in the DNA-RNA of the cell), Chemical carcinogenic agent (inclusion of the molecule of the carcinogenic agent between the puric and pirimidic plaques of the DNA molecule), radiation (endoreduplication of the chromosoms). 7. Hormones act as a carcinocinetic agente (accelarating mitosis) in hormone dependent tumours and determining the appearance of the morphological precursora of câncer in hormone dependent tissues. 8. The growth of the malignant tissue — just a displacement of normal cells by malignant ones — depends of the amount of the DNA-RNA in the malignant cells and of the opposite force of the connective barrier. 9. Histological, histochemical and cariometric studies made by the author in cases of breast pathology lead to the conclusion that may be considered morphological precursors of breast câncer — apocrine hyperplasia, adenomatosis, papillomatosis and adenosis - which give rise to apocrine carcinoma, comedocarcinoma and papiilary carcinoma, initially intraductal or intracystic, i.e., in situ. Adenosis gives rise to directly invasive lobular carcinoma (scirrous type). Initiating invasion all the carcinomas in situ become scirrous carcinoma by diploid reduction, and acquire other patterns according to the connective barrier. If the connective is dense (possibly due to a high ratio of colloidal Iron) the carcinoma stay as scirrous or circumscribed. If there is a colloid degeneration of the stroma the carcinoma will be of gelatinous type. If the connective is loose or edematouç the carcinoma will appear as medullary or acute.
Radiações lonizantes e Carcinogênese
Authors: Coelho Aristides Pinto
Published: August 2023

Trabalho apresentado no Centro de Estudos e Ensino do Instituto Nacional de Câncer, no dia 17 de abril de 1964 e laureado com o prêmio Professor Amadeu Fialho, sobre Radiações lonizantes e carcinogênese
Registro de Câncer
Authors: Junqueira Antônio Carlos Campos , Mirra Antônio Pedro
Published: August 2023

Trabalho apresentado na 2.ª Reunião dos Diretores das Associações de Combate ao Câncer, ligadas à Campanha Nacional .de Combate ao Câncer.
Conclusões e Sugestões Decorrentes da 2.ª Reunião de Diretores de Associações Filiadas à Campanha Nacional de Combate ao Câncer
Authors: Silva Moacyr dos Santos
Published: August 2023

Conclusões e sugestões da 2.ª Reunião de Diretores de Associações e de Hospitais Filiados à Campanha Nacional de Combate ao Câncer realizada no Instituto Nacional de Câncer, em agosto de 1966, apresentado pelo diretor do Serviço Nacional de Câncer – Moacyr dos Santos Silva.
Cirurgia Plástica Reparadora no Câncer
Authors: Silva Georges da
Published: August 2023

A Cirurgia como arma terapêutica na luta contra o câncer assume quase sempre um caráter altamente mutilador, transformando os indivíduos em verdadeiros monstros desfigurados, incompatíveis, portanto, com o convívio social. Assim, torna-se a cirurgia plástica um complemento indispensável que confere tanto à cirurgia oncológica, como à radioterapia em certos casos, um aspecto mais humano. Por outro lado, o conhecimento por parte do doente do alcance da cirurgia reconstrutiva, encoraja-o a submeter-se às intervenções necessárias. A associação da cirurgia oncológica à plástica é, a nosso ver, fundamental, pois vai permitir dentro de exéreses mais amplas um melhor aproveitamento de tecidos vizinhos sãos que serão utilizados na reconstrução plástica. Para isto, julgamos necessário que os Hospitais de Câncer tenham as suas equipes de Cirurgiões plásticos, obviamente afeitos à cirurgia do câncer. Isto implica também que os cirurgiões de câncer tenham os necessários conhecimentos das técnicas habituais empregadas na cirurgia reparadora. Sem esta simbiose de conhecimentos torna-se difícil um planejamento adequado a cada caso.
Câncer, Volemia e Grande Cirurgia
Authors: Santos Cesar Lima
Published: August 2023

O autor faz, inicialmente, um estudo das complicações pré e pós-operatórias a que estão expostos os pacientes que têm alterações volêmicas. São analisados os mecanismos fundamentais das agressões anestésicas e cirúrgicas e suas implicações. São examinados, em seguimento, o síndrome de depleção e as alterações metabólicas do trama cirúrgico, em indivíduos normais e em depletados. O autor faz uma revisão crítica dos métodos de determinação da volemia. Apresenta o método idealizado por MOORE, calcado em estudos da composição corpórea com isótopos. Partindo deste sistema o autor tabula os volumes totais, globulares e plasmáticos empregando as cifras de hematócritos usuais em brasileiros hígidos de ambos os sexos. Comenta os métodos clássicos e faz um estudo do hematócrito em várias circunstâncias clínicas e cirúrgicas. Enfatiza os fundamentos fisiopatológicos da reposição sangüínea, baseando-se nos eventos decorrentes da perda de volume circulante. Faz uma revisão da depleção protéica e sua influência no processo de cicatrização e manutenção da homeoestase. Resume, finalmente, as condutas práticas de reposição da mas sa sangüínea e as medidas complementares pertinentes ao estado de depleção.
ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ ПІДХОДИ ДО ФОРМУВАННЯ СТРАТЕГІЙ АНТИКРИЗОВОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ
Authors: Михайлова Є.В. , Михайлов С.В.
Published: August 2023

У статті розглядаються різні теоретичні підходи до формування стратегій антикризового управління. Основною метою такого управління є створення умов для стійкого функціонування підприємств на ринку, незалежно від економічних, політичних і соціальних змін. Для досягнення цієї мети використовуються стратегічні альтернативи, прогнозування та передбачення розвитку ситуації, уникнення фінансових проблем та подолання загрози банкрутства. Існує кілька підходів до визначення поняття "антикризове управління", такі як упереджувальні механізми, новаторський варіант виходу із кризи, відновлення платоспроможності та фінансової стійкості, виробничі відносини на рівні підприємства. Залежно від трактування поняття, визначається його мета, яка може включати відновлення фінансової рівноваги, вирівнювання диспропорцій, забезпечення фінансової стабільності та життєдіяльності підприємства. Антикризове управління включає такі функції, як планування стратегій та програм, організація оптимальної структури, мотивація кадрів та контроль за своєчасними змінами. Його реалізація базується на таких принципах, як рання діагностика, терміновість реагування, адекватність реагування та повна реалізація внутрішніх можливостей. Окрему роль у антикризовому управлінні відіграє державне управління, яке сприяє подоланню макро- і мікроекономічних криз. Державне управління включає такі інструменти, як нормативно-законодавче регулювання, фінансове регулювання, промислова політика та перерозподіл доходів. Ці механізми сприяють взаємодії держави і ринкової економіки для забезпечення стабільності і подолання кризових ситуацій. Успішне антикризове управління також вимагає активної комунікації зі зацікавленими сторонами, що дозволяє забезпечити спільне розуміння ситуації, отримати підтримку та співпрацю в пошуку рішень, що сприятимуть виходу з кризи. Таким чином, основною метою формування стратегій антикризового управління в сфері освіти є забезпечення стійкого функціонування обʼєктів системи освіти та подолання кризових ситуацій. Для ефективного антикризового управління необхідно враховувати різні аспекти, такі як фінансове управління, стратегічне планування, комунікації, персоналізація, організаційна культура тощо, інтеграція яких дозволяє забезпечити стійкість її функціонування.
ПРОБЛЕМАТИКА ЗАЛУЧЕННЯ ІНВЕСТИЦІЙ ТА ЇХ ПОДАТКОВОГО СУПРОВОДУ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Тофан І.М.
Published: August 2023

В статті проведений детальний аналіз інвестиційної привабливості України для іноземних інвесторів. Висвітлено проблемні аспекти законодавчого та управлінського характеру при залученні іноземних інвестицій. Відображено реальний стан залучення інвестицій протягом 2017-2022 років. Охарактеризовано вплив податкових пільг на обсяги залучення іноземних інвестицій. Здійснено оцінку податкового супроводу внутрішніх та зовнішніх іноземних інвестицій. В результаті проведених досліджень виявлено нестачу стимулюючих чинників інвестиційної діяльності. Встановлено, що зниження податкового навантаження не вплинуло на обсяги іноземних інвестицій протягом досліджуваного періоду. Пільги надаються шляхом зниження ставок податків або прямим бюджетним відшкодуванням. Рекомендується впровадити дієві заходи реформування державних інституцій які стримують інвестиційну привабливість держави.
THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN ESPORTS: PROSPECTS AND PROBLEMS
Authors: Attard Giuseppe , Zhornokui Yuriy Mykhailovych
Published: August 2023

The article analyzes the use of artificial intelligence in esports. It is noted that the fact that AI technology has been developing rapidly in recent years makes its impact on the gaming industry particularly significant. On the one hand, games created with advanced artificial intelligence allow players to improve the gaming experience by creating a more interesting game (creating a more realistic virtual environment). On the other hand, AI-enabled games provide better game mechanics and help players train and improve their skills. These circumstances necessitate the study of the legal regulation of artificial intelligence in esports. The study pays special attention to the role of AI-based bots that can simulate real-life scenarios and provide players with the opportunity to train and improve their skills, and to the analysis of opportunities to provide players with realtime feedback on their performance. At the same time, the author analyzes the complexities of legal regulation of the use of artificial intelligence in various spheres of life, including esports. The author analyzes the provisions of the European Union acts on this issue. It is concluded that, in general, artificial intelligence plays an important role in the esports industry. Thus, optimization of video games through the use of artificial intelligence, training, and analytics help players become more competitive and create the tools necessary for teams to succeed. However, there are problematic issues regarding legal regulation and abuse of athletes. It is concluded that as the esports industry continues to evolve, artificial intelligence remains an important component of the gaming experience and there is a need to adapt legislation to meet new challenges.
Tłumacząc dla dorosłych – tłumacząc dla dzieci
Authors: Fornalczyk-Lipska Anna
Published: August 2023

Tematem artykułu są przekłady literatury dziecięcej wykonane przez tych tłumaczy i te tłumaczki, którzy zazwyczaj swoją twórczość kierują do dorosłych. Wybrane przekłady omówiono z wykorzystaniem pojęć takich jak głos tłumacza, telos, rola tłumacza. Z przedstawionej analizy wynika, że tłumacze występowali przede wszystkim w roli ambasadorów obcej kultury, ich motywacja była na ogół związana z walorami samego dzieła, a fakt przełożenia utworu przez osobę kojarzoną głównie z twórczością dla dorosłych przyciągał uwagę środowiska czytelniczego i w pewien sposób nobilitował literaturę dziecięcą w polisystemie literackim.
Poezja z teczki – o nieznanych wierszach dla dzieci autorstwa Henryka Bereski
Authors: Fimiak-Chwiłkowska Anna
Published: August 2023

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie niezbadanego dotąd obszaru w dorobku wybitnego tłumacza literatury polskiej na język niemiecki – Henryka Bereski. Odnaleziony w Archiwum Karla Dedeciusa zbiór wierszy dla dzieci autorstwa Bereski stworzony został w zamyśle wyłącznie dla jego córki. Artykuł składa się z dwóch części. W pierwszej naświetlony zostaje nieznany dotąd kontekst działalności Bereski, w drugiej zaś autorka tekstu przedstawia i publikuje za zgodą spadkobierców wybrane dwa wiersze wraz z komentarzem odnoszącym się do ich walorów estetycznych i potencjału dla inicjacji literackich.
Backfisch – An Adolescent Girl in German and American Literature of the 19th Century
Authors: Kocznur Agnieszka
Published: August 2023

The review article addresses the monograph Transforming Girls: The Work of Nineteenth-Century Adolescence by Julie Pfeiffer (2021), in which she juxtaposes American 19th-century girls’ novels and German Backfischromane. The article reviews individual chapters of the book, in which Pfeiffer incorporates key perspectives on the differences and similarities between eight novels. According to the author of the article, the monograph makes an important contribution to the state of research on this literary genre.
Od redakcji
Authors: Skowera Maciej , Weronika Kostecka
Published: August 2023

Na marginesie twórczości? Twórcy i twórczynie literatury dla dorosłych – wyjątkowo dla dzieci – wprowadzenie do numeru.
Fortalezas y debilidades de la cooperación académica en la Universidad de Sonora
Authors: Durand Villalobos Juan Pablo , López Báez María Teresa
Published: August 2023

El objetivo de este estudio se centró en la exploración del mecanismo de cooperación académica internacional, que ha sido promovido por la Universidad de Sonora (UNISON). La intención generalizada consistió en desentrañar y examinar las motivaciones inherentes, las estrategias empleadas y los impactos suscitados por los acuerdos de carácter bilateral y multilateral, con la aspiración de delinear el estilo de cooperación preponderante dentro de esta institución educativa. La sustentación teórico-conceptual de la investigación se fundamentó en los postulados de la teoría de la dependencia de poder y el neoinstitucionalismo. A nivel metodológico, la investigación adoptó un enfoque cualitativo. Para lograr esto, fue imprescindible efectuar una sistematización meticulosa de los documentos oficiales, tarea facilitada por el uso del software maxqda 2020, que se utilizó como instrumento para la recopilación y análisis de la información disponible del periodo 1993-2021. Esta información incluyó los planes de desarrollo institucional, los informes de resultados producidos por los rectores y los informes de evaluación de resultados del periodo 2014-2020. Para agudizar el estudio de este proceso y proporcionar una visión holística de las múltiples perspectivas de los actores universitarios, se realizaron entrevistas a funcionarios de alto nivel. Su papel como administradores institucionales resulta ser un factor crucial en la realización de acciones de cooperación internacional.
Building a Geopolitical European Union After Russia’s Attack on Ukraine: The Valuable Tool of Enlargement
Authors: Dionysiou Evita
Published: August 2023

Russia’s attack on Ukraine is a watershed moment that forced the EU to confront its weaknesses and reshufﬂe its priorities. In this context, the war brought back at the top of the EU’s agenda the enlargement process. In light of these developments, the aim of this paper is to evaluate the impact of the war on the EU’s enlargement process and to demonstrate that enlargement policy has acquired a greater geopolitical value than ever before. The paper begins with a historical overview of the challenges that have deﬁned the enlargement process and have led to a deadlock, demonstrating that the war can provide impetus for the revival of the stagnant enlargement process. The discussion proceeds, in turn, to the pros and cons of further expansion of the EU. A pro-enlargement position is adopted, arguing that enlargement is a valuable tool for the transformation of the Union into a real geopolitical actor. Finally, the paper builds upon the previous analysis and proposes ways of adjusting the enlargement process to the new challenges created by the war. To conclude, the paper argues that Russia’s aggression can reinvigorate the enlargement process, which in turn can strengthen the EU’s role on the geopolitical chessboard. The stakes are too high and the EU cannot afford to lose the momentum.
The Employment of Ukrainians as an Opportunity to Fill the Labour Market in Poland – Selected Issues
Authors:   Gdańsk University of Techonology, Gomółka Krystyna , Gawrycka Małgorzata ,   Gdańsk University of Techonology, Kuc-Czarnecka Marta ,   Gdańsk University of Techonology
Published: August 2023

The labour market in Poland has undergone significant transformations over the past two decades. The observed changes have been influenced by various factors related to, among other things, the possibility of free movement of the population resulting from membership of EU structures, demographic changes, technological changes, and the automation and robotisation of production processes. Demographic change is becoming a significant challenge, highlighting the shortage of workers with different qualifications and competencies in the labour market in various sectors of the national economy. This paper aims to indicate to what extent Ukrainian citizens can fill the gaps in Poland’s emerging labour market. To that end, a survey was conducted in the Qualtrics programme in May-June 2022 among Ukrainian citizens who arrived in Poland before 24th February 2022, i.e., before the outbreak of the war and who were registered in the Gremi Personal database. This particular company provides support connected to employment for Ukrainians. Due to the non-probabilistic sampling technique, the results cannot be generalised with regard to the entire population. To analyse the results, descriptive statistics were used to examine the population structure and determine the signifi cance of the characteristics studied and the correlation between them. The research shows that labour shortages in Poland’s labour market can be compensated to some extent by employing migrants from, for example, Ukraine. The commencement of the proper research was preceded by the preparation of a pilot study and the collection and analysis of statistical data related to the situation on the Polish labour market, taking into account the level and structure of employment and an indication of shortages in the labour market when the research was prepared, and the fact that complete statistical data ended in 2020, hence the decision to include this research period in the analyses.
The Main Directions of Improving the Current Standards and Rules to Provide Radiation Safety. Part 1. Scale of the Problem and Ways to Solve It
Authors:   A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia, Samoylov A.S. , Kochetkov O.A. ,   A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia, Klochkov V.N. ,   A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia, Barchukov V.G. ,   A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia, Shinkarev S.M. ,   A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia
Published: August 2023

Purpose: To justify the necessity to update the radiation safety standards in our country and to propose the main directions for revising the Russian regulatory framework in the field of radiation safety. Material and methods: This paper considers the phases of development of the radiation safety regulation system in Russia. It is noted that for the first time a full-fledged three-level system of radiation safety regulation was created in Russia in the early 2000s. A generalized analysis of new international documents in the field of radiation safety system, which are worth using in the Russian regulatory framework, is presented. Results: The main directions of the revision of the Russian regulatory framework in the field of radiation safety are: introduction of new concepts and current terminology; introduction of “soft” standards, which are reference levels and the so-called “dose constraints” (it is desirable to give this term a different Russian name); updating the principles and standards of emergency response; updating the dose coefficients taking into account new biokinetic models, extension of the list of radionuclides and pathways; introduction of special approaches in the field of internal dosimetry and regulation of radiation protection of workers under management of radionuclides with a long effective half-life of clearance from the human body (isotopes of plutonium and 90Sr); use of principles and standards according to the concept of exclusion, exemption, and clearance to justify the criteria for classifying various media as radioactive waste and waste with a high content of radionuclides; development of standards and rules for maintaining the radiation safety of workers and the public during the decommissioning of radiation facilities and the rehabilitation of contaminated areas. Conclusion: For the successful implementation of the work to be done, it is important to combine the efforts of the Russian scientists and practitioners who have accumulated extensive experience in the field of radiation safety. The high potential of the Russian specialists makes it possible to carry out this work in a short time. A necessary condition for the implementation of these works is the introduction of amendments to the Federal Law of 09.01.1996 No. 3-FL «On Radiation Safety of the Public».
The ‘Healthy Worker Effect’ on Indexes of Total Mortality and Malignant Neoplasms Mortality for Nuclear and Chemical Workers: Meta-Analysis
Authors:   A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia, Koterov A.N. , Ushenkova L.N. ,   A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia, Kalinina M.V. ,   A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia, Biryukov A.P. ,   A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia
Published: August 2023

A meta-analysis of studies of the ‘Standardized mortality ratio’ (SMR, in % compared with the general population) indexes of overall mortality and mortality from all malignant neoplasms for nuclear workers (NW) from 15 countries (for 2007), as well as for workers dealing with the most toxic heavy metals (Hg, Cd, Pb, Cu) and beta-naphthylamine (a carcinogenic antioxidant previously used in the manufacture of paints) was carried out. For NW, a ‘Healthy worker effect’ (HWE) was found for both indexes (SMR = 62 (95 % CI: 56; 69) and 74 (95 % CI: 69; 78), respectively). The obtained SMR values for NW were compared with data for other professional groups (the results of meta-analyses and individual studies with maximum and minimum SMR values: from cosmonauts/astronauts, pilots and athletes, to work with chemical compounds in general or with their individual types (solvents, heavy metals, beta-naphthylamine), as well as with asbestos. It was found that the level of HWE for NW is comparable to that for one group of athletes and is significantly (1.30–1.45 times) higher than for chemical production personnel, although the combined data for NW is not final. For workers in the chemical industry as a whole, according to published meta-analyses, HWE was also found in SMR, but weak: the value for total mortality was 90 (95 % CI: 87; 92). At the same time, mortality from all malignant neoplasms compared with the population did not reveal a clear HWE, but was not increased either. The most harmful types of employment are, on the rise, work with heavy metals, in coal mines, with beta-naphthylamine and with asbestos. The data obtained eliminates the prevailing stereotypes and can improve the image of employment in the nuclear and chemical industries in general.
Evaluation of Post Extraction Bleeding Risk for Oral Surgery under Continued Clopidogrel Anti-platelet Therapy
Authors: Karim Farzana , Chowdhury Golam Mohiuddin , Rab Md Abdur , Sindhi Quazi
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Continuous oral anti-coagulant treatment has been used to reduce the threat of thromboembolism for further than half a century, dragging the lives of thousands of cases. There is increased risk of haemorrhage doing dental procedures in patients on anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapy.
Objective: To evaluate the post extraction bleeding rate for oral surgery carried out under continued anti- platelet therapy with clopidogrel.
Methods: This prospective observational study was carried out in the department of 'Oral and Maxillofacial (OMF) Surgery', Military Dental Centre (MDC), Dhaka. A total of 35 patient’s maintenance once daily low dose clopidogrel were purposely selected for this study. The extraction procedure under local anesthesia using 2% lidocaine with 1:1,00,000 epinephrine were done traumatically. A gelatin sponger piece was put down in socket and shut by atraumatic silk. The patients were instructed to apply pressure pack with sterile gauze for within 30 mins. Timing of haemostasis was done in every 9.5 minutes for within 30 minutes.
Results: Among 35 patients, mean age was 52.3±10.1 with age range 35 to 69 years. Male patients were predominant (60.0%) with male:female ratio was 1.5:1. Simple extraction was done in 29 patients while rest extractions were done surgically. Majority 22(62.9%) of the patients were managed by pressure pack with gelatin sponge while 15(42.9%) patients were managed by pressure pack only. Regarding post extraction bleeding, majority of the cases haemostasis (91.4%) was achieved within 9.5 minutes after teeth extraction while only 3(8.6%) patients haemostasis 19 to 28.5 minutes after teeth extraction.
Conclusion: The study concluded that majority of the patients were managed pressure pack with gelatin sponge and most of the patients had post extraction bleeding time 9.5 minutes. Minor oral surgery can be carried out safely under continued mono antiplatelet therapy with clopidogrel.
JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 18, No 2 (December) 2022: 28-30
ANALISIS NILAI-NILAI BUDAYA DALAM FAMOTU ONO NIHALÖ (NASIHAT KEPADA PENGANTIN PEREMPUAN) DI PESTA PERNIKAHAN ADAT NIAS DI KOTA GUNUNGSITOLI
Authors: Harefa Budimawati , Bawamenewi Arozatulo
Published: August 2023

Masyarakat Nias dengan segala kebudayaannya memiliki akar yang cukup kuat. Masyarakat Nias merupakan masyarakat yang menjunjung tinggi nilai-nilai budaya dan dilestarikan secara turun-temurun. Budaya tersebut  digunakan sesbagai pedoman dan aturan dalam menjalani kehidupan sehari-hari, diantaranya yaitu budaya dalam pesta pernikahan, berpakaian, bertutur kata, berperilaku dalam bermasyarakat, berkeluarga, etika, dan sopan santun. Hal inilah yang menjadi kebiasaan atau budaya masyarakat suku Nias. Suku Nias sangat menjujung tinggi nilai-nilai budaya mulai sejak lahir sampai pada kematian itu semua di atur oleh budaya
Kata kunci: Nilai-nilai budaya dalam famotu ono nihalö (nasihat kepada pengantin perempuan)
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN DALAM BENTUK GAMBAR PADA MATERI MENYAJIKAN DRAMA DALAM BENTUK PENTAS ATAU NASKAH KELAS VIII SMP SWASTA IDANOI
Authors: Zega Lenti Fenni Darniat , Zega Imansudi
Published: August 2023

Pada kegiatan proses pembelajaran, seorang guru diharapkan dapat menciptakan suatu hal baru yang bisa menimbulkan semangat para siswa dalam belajar dengan menyediakan alat bantu atau media. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran dalam bentuk gambar pada Materi Menyajikan Drama dalam Bentuk Pentas atau Naskah yang valid, praktis dan efektif. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian dan pengembangan (research and development). Model pengembangan yang digunakan adalah model 4-D yang terdiri dari empat tahap yaitu Define (Pendefinisian), Design (Perancangan), Develop (Pengembangan)  dan Dissiminate  (Penyebaran). Media pembelajaran dalam bentuk gambar yang dikembangkan melalui tahap uji validitas oleh tiga validator (ahli materi, ahli bahasa, dan ahli desain), uji perseorangan, uji kelompok kecil, dan uji lapangan yang dilakukan di kelas VIII-b SMP Swasta Idanoi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, media pembelajaran komik telah teruji valid dan layak oleh validator ahli materi 98,39%, validator ahli bahasa 100%, dan validator ahli desain 100%. Kepraktisan media pembelajaran komik pada uji perseorangan sebesar 90%, uji kelompok kecil sebesar 90%, dan uji lapangan sebesar 95,5% dengan kategori sangat praktis. Efektivitas media pembelajaran telah teruji sangat efektif dengan persentase ketuntasan klasikal mencapai 86,25%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian di atas, maka media pembelajaran dalam bentuk gambar yang telah dikembangkan dengan model  4-D telah memenuhi harapan dan tujuan penelitian.
Kata kunci : media pembelajaran dalam bentuk gambar,  4-D, valid, praktis, efektif
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL BERBASIS CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING PADA MATERI DEBAT DI KELAS X SMK NEGERI 3 GUNUNGSITOLI
Authors: Harefa Santi Veronika , Harefa Trisman
Published: August 2023

Kegiatan pembelajaran pada saat ini sangat memerlukan perkembangan yang dapat membantu guru dalam menyampaikan materi pembelajaran kepada siswa, sehingga siswa aktif dan antusias dalam belajar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengembangkan bahan ajar dalam bentuk modul berbasis Contextual Teaching and Learning pada materi debat di Kelas X SMK Negeri 3 Gunungsitoli yang layak, praktis, dan efektif. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan menggunakan model pengembangan ADDIE yang terdiri dari tahap analisis (analisys), perancangan (design), pengembangan (development), implementasi (implementation), dan evaluasi (evaluation). Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengetahui kelayakan modul hasil pengembangan adalah lembar validasi yang meliputi aspek isi/materi, aspek bahasa, dan aspek desain. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengetahui kepraktisan modul yang dikembangkan adalah lembar instrumen respon peserta didik. Sedangkan untuk mengetahui keefektifan modul dilihat dari tes hasil belajar siswa berupa evaluasi. Kelayakan modul berbasis Contextual Teaching and Learning yang telah dikembangkan dan dinyatakan sangat valid dan layak berdasarkan penilaian dari validator isi/materi dengan persentase rata-rata mencapai 95%, validator ahli bahasa dengan persentase rata-rata mencapai 100%, dan validator ahli desain dengan persentase rata-rata mencapai 91%. Kepraktisan dinyatakan sangat praktis dengan persentase rata-rata mencapai 93,90% dan keefektifan modul terhadap hasil belajar mencapai ketuntasan sebesar 84% dengan tingkat keefektifan sangat tinggi. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa modul berbasis Contextual Teaching and Learning yang dikembangkan sangat layak, praktis, dan efektif digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran.
Kata kunci: Contextual Teaching and Learning, Debat