bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Evaluation on the GATT, the WTO’s Agreement on Safeguards, and the Dispute Settlement Procedure
Authors: SEZGİN Volkan
Published: April 2021

This study focuses on evaluating the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) Article XIX, the World Trade Organization’s (WTO) Agreement on Safeguards (AoS), and the Dispute Settlement Procedure (DSP) for the safeguards by developing a theoretical model. To make a fair comparison, we analyse the timing of the DSP, the political ties between the safeguard imposing country and the countries whose exports are affected from these duties, ex-ante against interim safeguard tariffs, and we present respective extensions over the model initially developed Beshkar (2009). For this purpose, a model design is introduced for GATT, WTO, and DSP to find the incentive- compatible agreement that maximizes political welfare under the AoS, aiming to extend Beshkar’s analyses. We find that determining the safeguard tariff level at an interim step instead of ex-ante leads to the tariff that is politically the best for a country at that instant but does not necessarily lead to an optimal tariff. As a result, we reveal that WTO procedures do not always produce the best tariff options for the parties in safeguard measures.
The Impact of Media and Cultural Beliefs on Women’s Participation in Sports in Turkey: The Challenges faced by Turkish Women in Professional Sports
Authors: INCE YENİLMEZ Meltem
Published: April 2021

The fight for gender equality in Turkey extends as far as the sports sector of the economy. Although Turkey has recently seen a fast rise in the participation of women in sports, female athletes are still being marginalized for many reasons. The alarming levels of discrimination discourage females from entering into professional sports in Turkey and have inhibited the growth of the female sports sector in Turkey. This research aims to examine the different roles women have to take with emphasis on explaining the relationship between sports and politics in modern Turkey. The present study explores Turkish women's specific constraints and challenges in professional Sports. Qualitative data were generated from semi-structured interviews conducted with 142 female athletes (both amateur and professionals) across different cities in Turkey. The findings of the study indicate that family influence (χ= 4.39 of 5), wage inequality (χ = 4.31 of 5), media misrepresentation (χ = 4.16 of 5), inadequate sports facilities for women (χ = 4.12 of 5) and high levels of sexual harassment (χ = 3.89 of 5) are the constraints that must be addressed to improve the climate for female participation in sports significantly. The study highlights how these physical activities and sports programs play essential roles in increasing awareness of their importance and improving the overall perception of women in sports in Turkey.
Kamu Teşvik Mekanizmalarının Yenilenebilir Enerji Kaynakları Üzerine Etkisi: AB Ülkeleri ve Türkiye’de Güneş Enerjisine Yönelik Dinamik Panel Veri Analizi
Authors: KAYA Halil , BAYRAKTAR Yüksel
Published: April 2021

Fosil yakıtların sınırlılığı, enerji arz güvenliği, yükselen çevre bilinci, enerji tüketiminin sürdürülebilir ve temiz olması kaygıları dünya genelinde alternatif bir enerji kaynağı olarak yenilenebilir enerji yatırımlarını artırmıştır. Yenilebilir enerji yatırımlarının maliyetli ve geri dönüşünün uzun dönemli olması, bu alana ilgiyi artırmak isteyen hükümetleri orta ve uzun vadeli planlarla teşvik mekanizmaları geliştirmeye yöneltmiştir. Teşviklerin sınırsız olmayan kamu kaynaklarından finanse edilmesi, optimal teşvik mekanizmasının tespit edilerek politika yapıcıya yol göstermesi açısından önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, teşvik mekanizmalarının yenilenebilir enerji yatırımlarını ne ölçüde etkilediğini ortaya koymak ve optimal teşvik mekanizmalarını belirlemektir. Çalışmada, teşvik araçları ile güneş enerjisi kurulu güç kapasitesi arasındaki ilişki, 2001-2015 arası yıllık verileriyle 28 ülke için tek aşamalı ve iki aşamalı Arellano Bond Genelleştirilmiş Momentler Metoduna dayalı dinamik panel yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın bulguları, tarife garantisi/prim sisteminin, vergi teşviklerinin, yeşil sertifika sisteminin ve GSYİH’nin, güneş enerjisi kurulu güç kapasite artışı ile pozitif ve anlamlı ilişkili olduğu, enerji ithalatı ve güneş enerjisi kurulu güç kapasitesi artışı arasında negatif ve anlamlı ilişki olduğu, sübvansiyonlar ve krediler ile güneş enerjisi kurulu gücü artışı arasında anlamlı bir ilişki olmadığı yönündedir.
Türkiye İşgücü Piyasasında Bireylerin Aşırı Eğitimliliğinin Ölçülmesi: İki Değişkenli Probit Model Uygulaması
Authors: KANTARMACI Selena , DEMİROGLARI Sercan , ERK Hande , ÜÇDOĞRUK Şenay
Published: April 2021

Çalışmanın amacı işgücü ile aşırı eğitim arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koyarak Türkiye için bir uygulama sunmaktır. Bu kapsamda 2014-2018 yılları hanehalkı işgücü verilerinden yararlanılarak 15- 65 yaşlarında SGK’ya kayıtlı istihdamdaki bireylerle çalışılmıştır. Ekonometrik modellemede iki durumlu probit modelin yanısıra hem işgücü piyasasına katılma kararını hem de aşırı eğitimlilik durumunu etkileyen gözlemlenemeyen faktörleri hesaba katmak amacıyla Heckman’ın (1979) iki aşamalı probit seçim modeli kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular deneyimin aşırı eğitim üzerinde negatif bir etkiye sahip olduğu yönündedir. Bireyin eğitim düzeyinde meydana gelecek bir artış ise aşırı eğitim üzerinde pozitif bir etki yaratmaktadır. Çalışmada ayrıca politika değerlendirmelerinde bulunulmuştur.
Avrupa Birliği ve Türkiye’de Yaşlı Yoksulluğu
Authors: AYDIN Kemal , GÜLOĞLU Tuncay
Published: April 2021

Bu çalışmada Avrupa Birliği ülkeleri ve Türkiye’de 65 yaş ve üzeri yaşlı nüfus yoksulluğu çeşitli boyutları ile incelenmektedir. Analizlerde Gelir ve Yaşam Koşulları Anketlerinin 2017-2018 verileri incelenmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, AB ülkelerinde yaşlı nüfusun %88’i, Türkiye’de ise %70’i sosyal transferlerden önce %60 medyan gelir sınırına göre yoksulluk sınırı altında kalmaktadır. Emekli maaşları dahil olmak üzere sosyal transferlerden sonra AB ülkelerinde yaşlı yoksulluk oranı %14,4’e Türkiye’de ise %16,6’ya düşmektedir. 65 yaş ve üzeri yaşlı nüfusun emeklilik maaşları ve yoksulluk sınırı karşılaştırıldığında, Türkiye’de emekli maaşı alan 65 yaş ve üzeri yaşlıların sadece %5’i yoksulluk sınırı altında kalmaktadır. AB ülkelerinde ise emekli maaşı alan yaşlıların %15’i yoksulluk sınırı altındadır. Baltık ülkelerinde emeklilerin yarısı yoksulluk sınırı altındadır. AB’nin sosyal dışlanma ve yoksulluk riski ölçümlerinde gelir yoksulluğu ve kalıcı yoksulluk ölçütlerine göre Türkiye’de yaşlılar AB ortalaması içinde yer almaktadır. Ancak, maddi yoksunluk boyutunda dokuz ihtiyaç kaleminden en az dördünü karşılayabilme oranında ise kısıtlılıklar söz konusudur.
Efficacy of P-Coumaric acid and Ellagic acid added to preservation solutions in transplantation
Authors: YAZAR Fatih Mehmet , URFALIOĞLU Aykut , BORAN Ömer Faruk , BAHAR Abdulkadir , DAĞLI Hasan , GÜL Mehmet , İNANÇ TOLUN Fatma , BULBULOGLU Ertan
Published: April 2021

OBJECTIVE: In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the protective efficacy of the University of Wisconsin (UW) and histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate (HTK) preservation solutions enriched with P-coumaric acid and ellagic acid.

MATERIAL AND METHOD

Thirty-six Wistar albino male rats were divided into equal 6ng groups: (Group 1) UW; (Group 2) UW + P-coumaric; (Group 3) UW + Elagic; (Group 4) HTK ;. (Group 5) HTK + P-Coumaric; (Group 6) HTK + Elagic. After the liver perfusion was performed, samples were taken from the liver tissue and perfusion fluid at 0, 6 and 12 hours. At the sixth hour, liver biopsies were performed for histopathological and electron microscopic examination.

RESULTS

In groups enriched with p-coumaric acid (group 2 and group 5), antioxidant enzyme activities, which were higher than the control groups, were decreased at the 0th hour and the difference disappeared at the 6th and 12th hour. In the groups enriched with Ellagic acid, the highest antioxidant enzyme activity was in group 6, when the groups were evaluated in terms of cytokine activity, which are inflammatory parameters, the group with the highest anti-inflammatory cytokines IL4 and IL10 was found to be in group 6, and in group 3, the results were found with group 6. it was found to be similar. In group 2 and group 5, although the results were lower than the control group, the difference was not significant (P> 0.05). It was observed that the results in group 6, in which the lowest values ​​in terms of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL1 and IL6 were in group 3, were higher than in group 3, but significantly lower than the control group, especially in terms of IL6 values ​​(P
Nature of the Power of the Registrar of Titles: Judicial, Quasi-Judicial or Administrative
Authors: Halid Shahrul Natasha , Hassim Jady @ Zaidi
Published: April 2021

As a country with Torrens land registration system, the Registrar of Titles plays a key role in managing and maintaining the land registration in Malaysia. The powers and duties conferred upon the Registrar of Titles under the National Land Code 1965 are manifold, ranging from the power to conduct enquiries, the power to enter the Registrar’s caveat, the power to issue an arrest, the power to issue title and others. The nature of the power of the Registrar of Titles is often under judicial scrutiny due to the direct effect of the Registrar of Titles’ actions towards registration of instruments. The issue which seems to be fuddled is whether such power is considered as quasi-judicial or merely administrative? This paper undertakes to provide an answer to such a question. Content analysis will be used in this paper by evaluating the laws and case precedents in Malaysia and Australia. This paper concludes that due to the differences in the structure of the land administration organisation and also the provisions of the Malaysian National Land Code 1965 compared to those in Australia, there is a tendency for the courts in Malaysia to limit the nature of the power of the Registrar of Titles. Despite the myriad of powers and duties afforded to the Registrar of Titles in Malaysia, in reality, the powers are legally restricted and the position is merely considered as an automaton in the land registration system.
Penentuan Nasab melalui Prinsip Undang-undang Keterangan Islam
Authors: Hashim Fatimah Yusro , Che Ngah Anisah , Yahya Mohammad Azhan , Mohd Shariff Ahmad Azam
Published: April 2021

Anak tak sah taraf didefinisikan sebagai kelahiran anak hasil daripada perbuatan zina ataupun kehamilan tanpa pernikahan atau suami yang sah, tetapi bukan dari pernikahan syubhah. Terdapat keadaan di mana anak yang tidak sah taraf telah diberikan status sah taraf akibat kelemahan dalam aspek beban pembuktian serta pematuhan terhadap prinsip syariah berkaitan tempoh minima kehamilan enam bulan qamariah tersebut. Penulisan ini memfokuskan tiga objektif. Objektif pertama adalah untuk menganalisis berkaitan kelahiran anak tak sah taraf di sisi prinsip syariah. Objektif kedua adalah untuk mengenal pasti permasalahan berkaitan kelahiran anak tak sah taraf dalam perbicaraan di mahkamah, dan objektif ketiga adalah untuk mencadangkan penyelesaian kepada permasalahan yang telah dikenal pasti. Penulisan ini adalah kajian kualitatif iaitu melalui kaedah penyelidikan perpustakaan, di mana bahan-bahan yang berkaitan dengan penulisan ini telah dianalisis secara kritis. Pengkaji mendapati bahawa seksyen 110 Akta Keluarga Islam (Wilayah Persekutuan) sebagai contohnya, digunakan terutamanya sebagai garis panduan dalam menentukan kesahihan nasab anak dalam perbicaraan mahkamah. Walau bagaimanapun, seksyen tersebut adalah terlalu umum dan tidak berjaya dikaitkan kepada prinsip-prinsip asas dalam syarak berkaitan dengan kelahiran anak tak sah taraf dan penentuan kesahihan nasab. Pada masa yang sama prinsip keterangan Islam yang digunakan semasa perbicaraan berkaitan dengan menentukan status nasab juga tidak dapat menyokong mahkamah untuk membuat keputusan yang baik terhadap kes tersebut. Sehubungan itu pengkaji mencadangkan perlunya matan seksyen 110 ini diperincikan, serta aplikasi keterangan pakar diwajibkan penggunaannya dalam perbicaraan mahkamah bagi menyokong pembuktian terhadap kesahihan nasab anak.
A Move Towards UNCAT Accession by Malaysia: Challenges and Prospects
Authors: Kisahi Anati , Nordin Rohaida
Published: April 2021

The Convention against Torture and Other CAruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment 1984 (UNCAT) which was drafted after having regard to certain international human rights instruments such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1948 and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights 1966, is an instrument specifically drafted to put an absolute prohibition on any forms of torture, and other acts of cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment. So far, a majority number of 169 Member States of the United Nations has become State Parties to UNCAT, save for Malaysia and some other minority Member States. Although there have been calls for Malaysia to accede to UNCAT, Malaysia has always argued and maintained its position that it is not ready for accession. Therefore, this manuscript aims: (a) to establish a backdrop to this research by identifying the meaning of “torture” and “other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment” and State Parties’ duty under UNCAT; (b) to ascertain the challenges and potential for Malaysia in becoming a State Party to UNCAT and accordingly, to recommend the approach to be taken by Malaysia pertaining to UNCAT accession. A legal research methodology via qualitative method that uses primary sources such as international human rights instruments and secondary sources such as academic literatures, is adopted for the purpose of this article.
Understanding the behaviour of zinc and impurities during alkaline leaching of zinc bearing product obtained as a result of pyrometallurgical processing of ferrous metallurgy dusts and examining the phase composition of leaching residue
Authors: Kozlov P. A. , Panshin A. M. , Yakornov S. A. , Ivakin D. A.
Published: April 2021

This paper describes a technique developed for processing EAF dusts and recovering zinc. The technique is based on the Waelz process without zinc sublimation and allows to obtain a product suitable for hydrometallurgical processing and clear of lead or halogens in one process stage. It would be feasible to use an alkaline hydrometallurgical process for this product as it enables a selective recovery of zinc while iron remains in the solid residue. A pyrometallurgical process is necessary to remove halogens, increase the solubility of zinc and remove lead. In the alkaline process, the latter transfers to the solution together with zinc. As part of the development procedure, the thermodynamics of lead and iron in alkaline medium was studied. For this, equilibrium diagrams were built in the Eh – рН coordinates. Findings: – zinc can dissolve at рН > 12.7 while forming the following anions: ZnO22– and [Zn(OH)n]2–n. A study that looked at leaching zinc ores confirms that anions of the latter type do form; – lead can dissolve while forming [Pb(ОН)6]2–-type hydroxo complexes at рН > 12.5. When the solution is heated to 80 oС, their solubility can reach 140 g/dm3. In a hot solution hydroxo complexes form orthoplumbite and orthoplumbate ions PbО22–, PbО32– as a result of dehydration; – the low solubility of all iron compounds in alkaline medium and their position in the diagram only defined by the pH range suggest that the leach solutions contain no iron ions of any type. With the temperature raised to 80 oС, the equilibria in the Fe – H2O system remains unchanged in alkaline medium and no significant increase in the solubility of iron compounds is observed. The findings show that selective dissolution of products containing zinc oxides (including EAF dusts after the above mentioned pyrometallurgical process) in alkaline solutions is feasible. The zinc leaching residue was analyzed for chemical and phase composition to find possible applications for it. It is demonstrated that calcium ferrites, aluminates and alumosilicates account for 80% of the residue. This iron-calcium material can be utilized by cement industry.
Production of gradient ultrafine-grained hard alloys from powders obtained from scrap VK15 alloy dispersed in water and scrap VK8 alloy dispersed in oil
Authors: Dvornik M. I. , Mikhaylenko E. A.
Published: April 2021

An experiment has been carried out aimed at producing a low-cost tool material which would have an extra hard surface and a crack resistant base phase. A double-layer gradient alloy was produced out of powders with excessive and insufficient carbon obtained from alloys VK8 and VK15 by electrospark dispersion. To obtain the initial powder, plates of the VK8 alloy scrap material initially containing 5.6% of carbon were dispersed in oil. This caused excessive carbon (3.1%), which was then partially reduced to 0.6% by CO2 heat treatment. The VK15 alloy with 5.3% of initial carbon was dispersed in water to achieve an insufficient carbon concentration (2.8 %) in it. It was then heat treated in the CO atmosphere to partially lower the carbon concentration to 0.7%. The dispersed powder was found to consist of spherical microparticles, as well as agglomerated nanoparticles obtained through crystallization of liquid and vapour phases. Mixing of tungsten and cobalt phases resulted in much smaller diameters of WC grains in the newly sintered alloy. This combination of deviations in the carbon concentration between the layers helped maintain the unequal concentration of cobalt (8 and 15%) and thus ensure an extra hard surface (1820HV) and a crack resistant base (14.2 MPa√m). Analysis was carried out to estimate the power costs, as well as the performance of the laboratory unit used for electrospark dispersion of hard alloys.
Differences in interactions with the bone microenvironment between solid tumors and multiple myeloma: pathogenetic aspects. Possibilities and effectiveness of osteomodifying agents in multiple myeloma
Authors: Snegovoy A. V. , Larionova V. B. , Kononenko I. B.
Published: April 2021

Bone metastasis is one of the most common manifestations of advanced malignant process. Many tumors, especially breast, prostate and lung cancer, multiple myeloma, are characterized by a high incidence of bone damage (up to 7080 %) and clinical complications. Intense pain, hypercalcemia, spinal cord compression, pathological fractures, the need for radiation and surgical treatment (combined in the name «skeletal system related events») can occur even with single metastases. In the treatment of patients with bone metastases, a multidisciplinary approach is used; however, the basis is specific antitumor therapy and osteomodifying agents. They affect bone remodeling and microenvironment.
Pharmacokinetics of low molecular weight heparins in thrombosis, complicate the treatment of children with cancer
Authors: Dmitriev V. V. , Lipay N. V. , Migal N. V. , Begun I. V. , Dmitriev E. V.
Published: April 2021

Objective: to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of nadroparin and dalteparin in thrombosis complicating the treatment of children with malignant neoplasms.

Materials and methods. The results of 52 pharmacokinetic studies performed in 34 patients with malignant neoplasms, whose treatment was complicated by venous thrombosis, were analyzed. The age of the patients is from 7 to 18 years, he median is 14.5 years. Depending on the value of daily dose and type of heparin administered, the results of pharmacokinetic studies were divided into 6 groups. Dalteparin sodium: during period of chemotherapy induced thrombocytopenia, subcutaneous injection at a dose of 51.0 (40.0-72.0) anti Xa IU/kg every 12 hours - 6 studies; subcutaneous injection every 12 hours at a dose of 100.5 (91.0-141.0) anti Xa IU/kg - 18 observations; long-term continuous administration at a constant rate at a daily dose of 201.0 (180.0-265.0) anti Xa IU/kg - 6 pharmacokinetic observations. Nadroparin calcium: 62.0 (53.0-71.0) anti Xa IU/kg every 12 hours - 6 studies; 93.5 (80.0-117.0) anti Xa IU/kg every 12 hours - 10 observations; subcutaneous injection at a dose of 203.0 (170.0-236.0) anti Xa IU/kg once a day - 6 pharmacokinetic observations.

Results. At steady-state, the area under the pharmacokinetic curve (AUC) of dalteparin and nadroparin, regardless of the mode of administration, depended on the maximum specific activity and half-life. No relationship was found for dalteparin between AUC and endogenous creatinine clearance. In contrast to dalteparin, the AUC after administration of na-droparin was closely related to endogenous creatinine clearance. The increase in chronometric indices indirectly reflected the presence of an anticoagulant in the blood, but did not allow an objective assessment of therapeutic effect achievement, recorded by the degree of thrombin generation inhibition.

Conclusion. There were no significant advantages of nadroparin compared with dalteparin when using in comparable doses in the case of venous thrombosis, complicated the treatment of children with malignant neoplasms. Subcutaneous administration of 50 % nadroparin calcium daily dose with 12 hours interval is preferred over a single administration of 100 % daily dose every 24 hours. It is mandatory to monitor the administration of low molecular weight heparins in children with oncological diseases in order to make a decision on the adequacy of anticoagulant dose to the therapeutic range.
TFD: TELECOM FRAUD DETECTION USING CONSOLIDATED WEIGHTED REPUTATION ALGORITHM
Authors: Dr. V. Radha J. Deepa Anbarasi,
Published: April 2021

Noisy phone calls are aggravating and distracting, as well as frustrating. They may be classed as 'nuisance', 'emergency', 'random', and 'unsolicited' calls. Users have no inherent privileges on the internet; rather, their personalities are produced without any arrangement or evidence of involvement. It costs the U.S. communications company $8 billion per year to avoid call spam on the phone grid. Between January 2014 and June 2018, the FTC (Federal Trade Commission) received over 22 million reports of fraudulent and illegal telemarketing calls. Nowadays, the mobile network is used to issue automatic phone calls such as robocalls. Since it operates on text, we struggle with the following: What tactics and methods do we use to combat spam? Telephone TFD (Telecom Fraud Detection) here is discussed first. Concerning spam, we advanced our proposal by proposing a targeted traffic detection using a single weighted credibility algorithm with appropriate weighting criteria.
FLOWER POLLINATION ALGORITHM FOR MULTI LEVEL LOT SIZING OPTIMIZATION
Authors: Et. al. V.V.D.Sahithi,
Published: April 2021

In this competitive and constantly changing world, meeting the customer requirements within less time by providing less cost is extremely tricky task. This is only possible by optimizing all the different parameters in its life cycle. Here Optimizing the inventory plays a major role.Maintaining the exact amount of inventory, at proper place, in appropriate level is a challenging task for production managers. When we work on Multi level environments this problem becomes even more complex.So, to optimize this kind of problems we applied binary form of Flower Pollination algorithm to solve this complex problem. we solved different inventory lot sizing problems with this FP algorithm and compared the results with genetic algorithm and other algorithms. In all the scenarios our simulation results shown that FP algorithm is better than other algorithms
Machine Learning-Based Optimized Hierarchical Routing Protocols for WSN Lifetime: A Review
Authors: Et. al. P.Suman Prakash,
Published: April 2021

In Wireless Sensor Networks, network lifetime optimization has challenging and significant issue. Subsequently, most of the existing works delineate several factors to improve the network lifetime: by decreasing the amount of the consumption of energy, reducing latency, load balancing, clustering, efficient data aggregating and by minimizing the data transmission delays. This paper provides a review of recent techniques and presents a Machine Learning-based Optimized Hierarchical Routing Protocols for WSN Lifetime. Research has been done, and reviews have been studied to explore the energy management schemes using optimized routing approach and Machine Learning Adaptability for WSN’s. Further, recommend future directions related to the Optimized Clustering Approaches to enhance wsn lifetime.
DESIGN OF MACHINE LEARNING MODEL FOR CHARACTER RECOGNITION
Authors: Et. al. Rituraj Jain,
Published: April 2021

Hand written character recognition or text recognition is the ability of the system to identify character or text automatically. Documents can be in any form such as documents, photographs, touch-screens or other devices. Each character will have its own feature sets. The classification or identification of characters are done based on proper selection of feature sets. Feature selection is the major step for any classification process. The machine learning model is created based on feature sets. Logistic regression model is used in this model to identify different characters. 97.33% accuracy is achieved using logistic regression model compared to existing work.
POTENTIAL INVESTIGATION AND ANALYTICAL MODELING OF ADDITIVE LAYER MANUFACTURING PROCESSES FOR METAL TOOLS COMPONENTS PRODUCTION
Authors: Et. al. Rohit Pandey,
Published: April 2021

Current research into the development of additive layer costs shows that this technology is economical in producing small batches with ongoing centralized manufacture; however improved automation may contribute to cost efficiency in distributed manufacturing. Due to the difficulty of which additive production costs are calculated, the reach of the current studies is small. Many of today's studies analyze single-part development. Many that look at assemblies prefer not to look at the impact of the supply chain, such as inventory and shipping prices and lower probability of interruption. Analysis currently also shows that the expense of content is a significant part of the cost of a commodity made using additive layer. Technologies may, therefore, also be compatible, with two technologies being implemented side by side and advantages larger than if independently adopted. Growing usage of additive processing may contribute to a decrease in raw material costs through saving in scale. This could result in further implementation of additive layer processing through the decreased cost of the raw material. The expense of raw materials will often save on a scale if specific materials are more popular than a host of other materials. The production method for additive layers is still a significant cost driver, but this cost has decreased continuously. The average price dropped 51% between 2001 and 2011 after inflation changes
Single Input Single Output Two Level Isolated Dc-Dc Converter With Secondary Side Phase Shifting For Solar Applications
Authors: Et. al. K.Girinath Babu,
Published: April 2021

The isolated dc–dc converters with primary-side phase shifting (PPS) provides severely narrow soft-switching range for main devices in the primary side leg of full bridge converter. The leakage inductance of the high frequency transformer should be large enough for providing the energy needed for soft switching operations and also the idling power loss due to circulating current in the converter legs under large phase-shift angle, which makes reduction of conversion efficiency and complicated in designing the parameters of transformer. Furthermore, the turn-off diode commutations in the output-side rectifier are performed by hard-switching mode. To overcome all these drawbacks, a secondary side phase shifting (SPS) technique has been developed for two-level isolated DC-DC converter. This scheme provides wider soft switching range and reduced power loss due to elimination of circulating current in the primary side of high frequency transformer. In addition, SPS control also provide no reverse recovery current in diodes and hence no power losses in the secondary rectifier circuit. The control switches operate under soft switching even under rated load and short circuit conditions.
ANALYSIS OF METEOROLOGICAL DATA AND DROUGHT IN THE LOWER NORTHERN PART OF THAILAND
Authors: Et. al. Daniel Derajew Demmsie,
Published: April 2021

The study areas include Phitsanulok, Nakhon Sawan and Khamphang Phet. The meteorological data between 1986 and 2015, was collected from the meteorological rain gauge stations situated in the Lower Northern part of Thailand. This study involves the analysis of the meteorological data and drought trends in the northern region of Thailand from 1986 to 2015. The study used the Meteorological Drought Monitor software (MDM) to analyze the drought trends through the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI). From this analysis, we then presented the results through graphs representing the trends in meteorological parameters and drought index.  The results showed that, the annual rainfall measurement of the regions analyzed continues to reduce consistently as the temperature increase. The drought trends in these provinces observed to considerably lean towards dry conditions. Nakhon Sawan, for instance, experienced extreme drought in 1977(SPI =-2.5) and moderate wetness in 2013. Kampheang Phet recorded moderately wet conditions (SPI =1.5) in 2013 and 2014 years, and near normal conditions (SPI = -1.1) in 1996. Lastly, Phitsanulok was majorly comprised of moderately dry and severely dry, especially for 2015(SPI =-22). From the findings, awareness should be created to foster the need for environmental conservation, besides to improve environmental protection and the levels of precipitation.
BLOCKCHAIN FOR INDIAN AGRICULTURE: A REVOLUTION
Authors: Et. al. Mehtab Alam,
Published: April 2021

The most challenging problem before the world is providing enough food for the gigantic leap in population. There are numerous reasons for the shortage of food and technological innovations in agriculture are required to overcome the shortages in food supply. Sustainable Development goals (SDGs) provides the futuristic vision and ICT along with other latest technologies will help achieve these development goals at a brisk speed. Recent technological developments as use of mobile-broadband access devices, Internet of Things (IoT), Specialized Robots, Drones, big data analytics and Artificial Intelligence has given farmers tools and technologies to scale agricultural production and marketing of their agricultural products.

In this paper, we will discuss how Smart Agriculture is changing the face of agriculture in Budaun, a small city in Uttar Pradesh. Smart agriculture coupled with block chain technology is being used to achieve sustainability in agriculture growth. The production/yield has risen by over 20% and the profits have increased by over 30% with the new technology.
Network Anomaly Detection for NSL-KDD Dataset Using Deep Learning
Authors: Dr.R.Venkatesh Kavitha S, Dr. Uma Maheswari N,
Published: April 2021

Deep learning based intrusion detection cyber security methods gained increased popularity. The essential element to provide protection to the ICT infrastructure is the intrusion detection systems (IDSs). Intelligent solutions are necessary to control the complexity and increase in the new attack types. The intelligent system (DL/ML) has been widely used with its benefits to effectively deal with complex and great dimensional data. The IDS has various attack types like known, unknown, zero day attacks are attractive to and detected using unsupervised machine learning techniques. A novel methodology has been proposed that combines the benefits of Isolation forest (One Class) Support Vector Machine (OCSVM) with active learning method to detect threats without any prior knowledge. The NSL-KDD dataset has been used to evaluate the various DL methods with active learning method. The results show that this method performs better than other techniques. The design methodology inspires the efforts to emerging anomaly detection.
Comparative Study and Analysis of Students results using Clustering Techniques
Authors: Et. al. Mrs. Bhawna Janghel,
Published: April 2021

In this paper using clustering method for student’s school academic performance are measured from same district. By using data clustering technique we can predict which school is best. And try to identify the weak student of particular school and will identify the result of best school. This will show which school is better for observing the techniques in disrict.The best school will be help us to making the quality education.
REFLECTO – A SMART MIRROR STRUCTURE WITH A CONTEXTUAL ASSOCIATION OF INTERNET OF THINGS
Authors: Et. al. Md Shahbuddin,
Published: April 2021

Two of the most valued qualities in the modern-day society are punctuality and presentation. The mission helps to develop the above-mentioned personalities. We have developed an artificial intelligence-based smart mirror that helps in reminding the user about their day to day schedule while they spend their time in front of the mirror. This way the user is ensured of comfort in accessing the basic services with a minimum hinderance. The basic function that our prototype is assumed to carry out is to display user their personalised information like date, time, weather forecast, upcoming holidays or saved events and news bulletin. Face recognition feature is also added in order to identify the user using the camera placed behind the mirror. Because of the face recognition feature the mirror will be able to display personalised data that the identified user wants to know. Reflecto can be easily built by using a two-way mirror, concealed LED screen, microphone and camera to make it interactive. The mirror’s functionalities have been extended by integrating it with Google assistant to access IoT devices that have been enabled with home automation.
ERGONOMIC EVALUATION AND RISK MANAGEMENT OF MANUAL MATERIAL HANDLING ACTIVITIES
Authors: Et. al. Amit Waman Bankar,
Published: April 2021

Manual material handling follows in nearly all working surroundings, although labors in agriculture fields, construction sites, restaurants, and hotels area are likely to be working with heavy jobs in terms of weight, currencies, Manual handling of the heavy load may turn in to a growing disorder due to the steady or increasing drop of the musculoskeletal system due to constant material lifting / handling events. It may also reason to acute trauma like bone fractures or skin cuts from accidents. One must begin to identify the correct process of methods to deal with each material to solve the problem. Adherence to standard procedures for long-term resolution of the long-term effects caused by incorrect manual material handling, is addressed through specially designed workouts after or before work and, ultimately, also automated technology Or involved in providing assistance through manual tools that assist the user in dealing with content. The proposed task is to conduct studies to identify process issues and future results and to provide solutions to the industry by means of analysis and following standard procedures. This paper mainly deals with issues directly or indirectly in many aspects and discusses solutions implemented to deal with manual content in various industry. The study concluded with a novel automation solution for rapid analysis of effects due to manual analysis that could take years to identify.
SENTIMENT ANALYSIS FOR SARCASTIC MESSAGES IN SOCIAL MEDIA USING DEEP LEARNING TECHNIQUES - AN EMPIRICAL STUDY
Authors: Et. al. K. Kavitha,
Published: April 2021

Sentiments is the term of opinion or views about any topic expressed by the people through a source of communication. Nowadays social media is an effective platform for people to communicate and it generates huge amount of unstructured details every day. It is essential for any business organization in the current era to process and analyse the sentiments by using machine learning and Natural Language Processing (NLP) strategies. Even though in recent times the deep learning strategies are becoming more familiar due to higher capabilities of performance. This paper represents an empirical study of an application of deep learning techniques in Sentiment Analysis (SA) for sarcastic messages and their increasing scope in real time. Taxonomy of the sentiment analysis in recent times and their key terms are also been highlighted in the manuscript. The survey concludes the recent datasets considered, their key contributions and the performance of deep learning model applied with its primary purpose like sarcasm detection in order to describe the efficiency of deep learning frameworks in the domain of sentimental analysis.
A SUSTAINABLE GROWTH OF CLEAN ENERGY IN INDIA: A TARGET 2022
Authors: Et. al. Ashish Singhal,
Published: April 2021

The extenuation of non-conventional global energy demands and changing environments is one of the most important ingredients in recent days. A case is about the study of sun energy acquired as clean energy by the government of India (GOI). GOI announced the various schemes for solar energy (SE) in the last decades because of the tremendous growth of solar energy aspects for the non-conventional sources with the support of central and state government. This article covered the progress of solar energy in India with major achievements. In this review article, the authors are trying to show the targets of the government of India (GOI) by 2022 and his vintage battle to set up a plant of solar or clean energy in India. This paper also emphasizes the different policies of GOI to schooling the people for creating the jobs in different projects like “Make in India”. This paper projected the work of the dynamic Prime Minister of India Mr. Narendra Modi and his bravura performance to increase the targets 100 GW solar energy by 2022.
RESEARCH STUDIES ON EVALUATION OF PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF COLD ETHANOIC EXTRACT OF EUCALYPTUS OIL
Authors: Et. al. Dr P. Rajasulochana,
Published: April 2021

Medicinal plants which have antimicrobial compounds act against various pathogens. Myrtle family have different species. Eucalyptus is one among the myrtle family. Eucalyptus have different antimicrobial compounds. The plant grows well in many countries. This fast growing plant have different parts, each part has its own significant medicinal values lik timber, pulpwood, and different essential oils. Our research study showed phytochemical composition and antibacterial activities of eucalyputs leaves. The sample of eucalyptus is collected in the powder form. The eucalyptus powder is mixed into a cold ethanol and dry in a hot air oven. The dried extract was swapped and measured. Weighted 2.096g respectively and then the extract is used for phytochemical analysis and for quantitative analysis and then for antibacterial assay The results of this study suggest that the different concentrations of eucalyptus with various concentrations showed potential antibacterial activity.
PAPR REDUCTION TECHNIQUES AND IMAGE QUALITY ASSESSMENTIN IMAGE BASED MMS VLC SYSTEM
Authors: Et. al. Kiranmai Babburu ,
Published: April 2021

The radiofrequency method of transmission suffers from the problem of the limited licensed radio frequency spectrum, & security, wide EMI (electromagnetic interference), high multipath fading & power consumption for short-range applications. The solution to these problems can be achieved by using optical wireless communication technique called the Visible Light Communication system where the data is sent through regulated emission of light. The transmission of digital image information productively in the present optical wireless communication framework is an uphill task as these systems often suffer from problems like frequency selective fading propagation losses and inter-symbol interferences. In order to conquer such difficulties we hereby propose a robust method to transfer the digital image through a Multi-Carrier Modulation Scheme-MMS. In this paper, an Image-Based Multicarrier modulation VLC system is designed through which is sent a corrupted Digital Image with additive white Gaussian noise and explored the overall execution of the Image based Multicarrier modulation VLC system at distinct SNR values.  The paper also addresses the issue of high Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR) in Multicarrier modulation and reduced it by using different PAPR reduction techniques. The received image quality of the proposed system is obtained under different signal to noise ratios at different modulation schemes..
CONFIGURATION SELECTION AND ANALYSIS OF A SUPERSTRUCTURE SOLAR SAIL
Authors: Et. al. Suresh P,
Published: April 2021

Solar sail propulsion is one of the most innovative spaceship propulsion system which make use of the radiation pressure in space. The continuous supply of radiation pressure means the ship has infinite propellant reserve. Theoretically, the solar sail keeps accelerating to gain high velocities due to this continuous supply of radiation pressure, therefore this system is ideal for interstellar exploration. As there are numerous developments going on this field of study, it is important to have a generalized sail design that can be used for further developments. This paper gives the configuration selection of the sail along with calculations and analysis to develop a superstructure solar sail, which is theoretically ideal for interstellar exploration and for future engineering
RIPPLE EFFECT OF THE IL&FS CRISIS
Authors: Bhatt Madhav Bhargav
Published: April 2021

Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFC) are those financial institutions which cater to the demand of those customers whom banks think as sub-prime. In India these companies referred to as NBFC are currently very vulnerable and it is a concern for both RBI as well as the government. The major reason for the concern is the 2019 crisis in the NBFC sector. The crisis which ended in late 2019 was not an overnight event. The worsening of the conditions of NBFCs started in the mid-2018 and gradually deteriorated. The whole crisis timeline can be divided in 2 parts. The first part being the period in which the uncovering of the situation happens and the second part is the actions taken against the defaulters and measures to revive the sector. In this paper we have done an event study of the announcements made during the first period which showed the uncovering of crisis.  The major announcements which took place in that period were considered and how those announcement affected the stock price of the related companies. The reason for doing this study was to assess the ripple effect of an announcement of one company on the company, industry and economy as a whole.
Customers Perspective On Mobile Banking During Covid Lockdown Period: A Study Of District Kapurthala
Authors: Dr. Nitya Sharma Puneeta Sharma, Dr. Kavita Sharma,
Published: April 2021

The access to mobile technology has given an impetus to the banking sector with overall advancement and increase in financial transactions. .With the motto of any time, any where and by any mode, spread of financial products of banks is markedly seen in the market. Banking services can be provided very fast and interactively in mobile banking. In this era, Technology has proved its contribution in today’s business world, which leads to the largest and fastest growth indicator in an economy. Mobile banking is among those indicators which promotes banking and financial sector. The role of technology is changing, the already developed traditional mindset of people. The periphery of transactions are changing rapidly day to day, which gives many opportunities to all banking and financial institutions to enhance their services package offered to customers. Mobile banking service helps the user to handle their sensitive as well as daily routine chores in an efficient and confidential way. Mobile banking doesn’t restrict a customer to stick at one place, region/area. Over the years, financial institutions and banks are always curious to increase the facilities to the customers to fascinate them.  This paper examines the awareness of inhabitants of Kapurthala, District Kapurthala regarding the awareness of mobile banking.
Giving Opens The Way For Receiving!! ... A Microscopic View Into Selection Of Tea Brand In India
Authors: Prof. Jyoti Samseriya Dr. Gayathri Band, Dr. Neeta V Sahh,  CA (Dr). Manish N Shah,
Published: April 2021

Tea has played a role in almost all cultures and customs. The Indian Tea Industry is about 176 years old. Satisfying customers’ wishes is a challenge for many companies in the today’s rapidly changing and keenly competitive environment in today’s Tea industry. In this experiment with, seven product attributes of tea where each attribute has three performance levels have been designed for conjoint analysis. The first influencing factor is the preference of the type of tea where packaged tea has the highest utility as it captures the maximum of Tea market in India as compared to loose or tea bags which are mostly not preferred by the consumers. As consumers are very loyal towards the Tea brand which they purchase and hence we can see the most important criterion or influencing factor while selection of tea is the Brand name followed by the family opinion as traditionally the family believes to have a good taste of tea which should act a stimulant and psychological preference and family preference does matter when purchasing a tea. The pricing is the fourth important factor influencing the choice of tea. The most preferred attributes for tea are Variety of tea should be leaf with medium pricing where selection criterion of tea is good taste and brand name influences the consumer the highest and Tea should preferably be present at all General Store Outlets and preferred convenient packaging for consumers is Carton Boxes.
Constitutional Morality and Societal Morality: An impact over Live in Relationship
Authors: Gusain Pallavi
Published: April 2021

This paper focuses on the aspect of Constitutional morality and societal morality in the present scenario and its relevance in all the modern societies.  As we all know that morality is the very basis of law and therefore a law reflects the idea of morality. The concept of live in relationship is one of the issues which is related to Constitutionality and societal morality. The concept of live in relationship although is a part of Constitutional morality under Article 21 of Indian Constitution, but fails to be within the ambit of societal morality in context of the Indian society.  The paper discusses the difference and the relationship between Constitutional morality and societal morality and its impact on live in relationship. As it said that a society grows only if it adapts itself with the changing time and thereby widening the scope of societal morality by accepting the new concept like live in relationship. The goal of this study is to develop a balance between the constitutional and societal morality in order to give recognition to the concept of live in relationship thereby not limiting itself within the principles of morality
Blockchain enabled technology platform for enhancing supply chain financing for SME’s
Authors: Dr. Shilpa Parkhi Karthik M,
Published: April 2021

After the development and inception of cryptocurrencies, Blockchain has found much usefulness in many domains. The Blockchain technology offers several advantages like decentralization, traceability, anonymity, cryptography, collective maintenance and immutability. The possible disruption and prospective capabilities of the Blockchain technology has been extensively utilized in the Finance domain. There has been extensive exploration on the integration and application of Blockchain technology in the domain of supply chain and supply chain finance as well. But, a detail framework of application is seldom mentioned. In this research, we have studied and analyzed the possible synchronization between Blockchain technology and supply chain finance. This study also presents a conceptual framework based on Blockchain technology to enhance the efficiency of supply chain financing for small and medium scale enterprises. Finally, this study proposes three supply chain finance models and their operation processes on a Blockchain Platform.