bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Can Supervised Pelvic Floor Muscle Training Through Gametherapy Relieve Urinary Incontinence Symptoms in Climacteric Women? A Feasibility Study
Authors: Nagib Anita Bellotto Leme , Silva Valeria Regina , Martinho Natalia Miguel , Marques Andrea , Riccetto Cassio , Botelho Simone
Published: August 2021

Objective To investigate the feasibility of pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) through gametherapy for relieving urinary symptoms of climacteric women with stress or mixed urinary incontinence (UI).

Methods Randomized clinical trial, divided into two groups: Gametherapy (G_Game) and Control (G_Control). Both groups received recommendations about unsupervised PFMT, and G_Game also received supervised PFMT through gametherapy. After 5 consecutive weeks, the feasibility was investigated considering participant adherence, urinary symptoms (evaluated by the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form [ICIQ-UI-SF] questionnaire), and pelvic floor function (PERFECT Scheme: power, endurance, repetition and fast). The Fisher exact, Kruskal-Wallis, Wilcoxon sign paired, and Mann-Whitney U tests were used by intention-to-treat analysis, using STATA 15.1 (StataCorp, College Station, TX, USA) software.

Results The present study included 20 women per group and observed a higher adherence in G_Game. In the intragroup analysis, a decrease in the ICIQ-UI-SF score was observed in both groups (14.0 to 10.0; 13.5 to 0), associated with increased endurance (2.5 to 3.5; 2.5 to 4.0) in G_Control and G_Game, respectively. Moreover, there was a concomitant increase in pelvic floor muscles (PFMs) power (2.0 to 3.0), repetition (3.0 to 5.0), and fast (10.0 to 10.0) in G_Game. In the intergroup analysis, a reduction of UI was observed (p < 0.001; r = 0.8), as well an increase in PFM power (p = 0.027, r = 0.2) and endurance (p = 0.033; r = 0.3) in G_Game.

Conclusion The feasibility of supervised PFMT through gametherapy was identified by observing participant adherence, relief of urinary symptoms, and improvement in PFM function.
Conservative Management of Spondylodiscitis after Laparoscopic Sacral Colpopexy: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Tavares Madalena Andrade , Silva Ana Rita , Melo Marta Gomes de , Pacheco Márcia , Coutinho Nuno , Ambrósio Alexandre , Tapadinhas Paula
Published: August 2021

Sacral colpopexy is one of the standard procedures to treat apical pelvic organ prolapse. In most cases, a synthetic mesh is used to facilitate the colposuspension. Spondylodiscitis is a rare but potentially serious complication that must be promptly diagnosed and treated, despite the lack of consensus in the management of this complication. We report one case of spondylodiscitis after a laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy and sacral colpopexy treated conservatively. We also present a literature review regarding this rare complication. A conservative approach without mesh removal may be possible in selected patients (stable, with no vaginal lesions, mesh exposure or severe neurologic compromise). Hemocultures and culture of image-guided biopsies should be performed to direct antibiotic therapy. Conservative versus surgical treatment should be regularly weighted depending on clinical and analytical progression. A multidisciplinary team is of paramount importance in the follow-up of these patients.
Effect of Ta irradiation on microstructure and current carrying properties of YBCO coated conductors with element doping
Authors: Gu Yu , Cai Chuanbing , Liu Zhiyong , Liu Jie , Liu Li , Huang Rongtie
Published: August 2021

In the present work, we study the change of microstructural and current carrying properties of the YBa2Cu3O7−δ (YBCO) coated conductors (CCs) doped with mixed elements of Ta, Zr, Hf, Mn, and Sn after the irradiation of 1.9 GeV Ta ions. Magnetic property measurement system measurement was applied to study the current carrying properties of the irradiated YBCO CCs. The critical transition temperature (Tc, on) decreases by 0.5 K as the ion fluence reaches 5.0 × 1010 ions/cm2. It is revealed that for the irradiated samples with the fluence higher than 1.0 × 108 ions/cm2, their negative magnetization is enhanced pronouncedly as the applied temperature is lower than Tc, on, which implies that there are more antimagnetic phases being resistant to magnetic fields in these irradiated samples. Besides, the critical current density (Jc) and the pinning force (Fp) increase with the increase of the Ta ion fluence. Particularly for the case of the fluence more than 5.0 × 1010 ions/cm2, Jc reached 8.74 × 106 A/cm2 at 1 T and 30 K and Fp reached 8.84 × 1010 N/m3 at 1 T and 30 K. As a consequence, the Jc value of the studied YBCO CCs is improved by 4.4 times at 1 T and 30 K compared with the value of 1.98 × 106 A/cm2 of the primitive sample. Moreover, the sectional microstructures of the YBCO superconducting layer observed by a field emission transmission electron microscope show the columnar defects with the size of about 9 nm form in the doped YBCO films after the irradiation, confirming traces of continuous latent tracks exist as the evidence of effective mixed-pinning landscapes.
Flagellated Janus particles for multimodal actuation and transport
Authors: Rogowski Louis William , Zhang Xiao , Tang Jiannan , Oxner Micah , Kim Min Jun
Published: August 2021

Catalytic Janus particles rely on chemical decomposition to self-propel and have displayed enormous potential for targeted drug delivery and cellular penetration. Catalytic propulsion mechanisms are limiting, however, with fuel requirements and specialized fluid properties being necessary to achieve propulsion. We have improved the dynamic propulsion of catalytic Janus particles by functionalizing flagellar filaments to one of their hemispheres. Flagellated Janus particles, torqued by rotating magnetic fields, swim along their rotation axis using the explicit chirality and flexibility of flagella, mimicking flagellar rotation of live bacteria. Depending on the working fluid, flagellated Janus particles can propel using either catalytic or swimming propulsion. We demonstrate experimentally that flagellated Janus particles behave predictably under the two actuation modes and can precisely follow trajectories under closed-loop feedback control. Flagellated Janus particles were demonstrated to swim in both Newtonian and shear-thickening fluids. These are the first Janus particles developed that can be propelled interchangeably between catalytic and flagellar swimming propulsion, allowing two distinct propulsion mechanisms for future use within in vivo operations.
Understanding the photonics of single color-center emission in a high-indexed nano-pillar
Authors: Inam Faraz A. , Castelletto S.
Published: August 2021

In the recent past, high-refractive index nano- and micropillars have been widely used for significantly enhancing the fluorescence properties of quantum emitters embedded within the pillar. However, a complete study of the electromagnetic dynamics and nanophotonics of single-photon emission inside the high-refractive index nanopillars is currently missing. In order to design nano- and micropillars for the fluorescence enhancement of embedded quantum emitters, it is essential to understand their emission dynamics once single-photon emitters are embedded inside them. Here, both analytically and computationally, we study the electromagnetic dynamics of the nitrogen-vacancy (NCVSi) centers in silicon-carbide (SiC) micro-pillars due to their characteristic emission in the optical O-band telecommunication region (1260–1360 nm). For efficient micro-pillar design, the fluorescence enhancement was determined to increase by more than two orders of magnitude with the collection efficiency reaching about 40% from a very low value of ∼0.5% in bulk SiC. Presently, the enhancement achieved experimentally is limited to a factor of around 10–20. Our results are, therefore, expected to accelerate research in the field quantum emitters coupling to micro-pillars or micro-pillar photonics.
Generation of nanosecond pulsed azimuthally and radially polarized beams with an actively Q-switched rotating disk laser
Authors: Chen Sanbin , Li Jianlang , Ueda Kenichi
Published: August 2021

We have directly generated two kinds of vector polarized beam pulses from an end pumped rotating Nd:YAG disk laser design acousto-optic Q-switch pulse modulation. About 20 ns pulse width with peak power 29 kW and stable pulse vector polarized beams are achieved at the continuous absorbed pump power. The laser crystal rotary effectively alleviates thermal effect that affects the power scaling with high beam quality. The output state is controlled by an intra-cavity polarization selector birefringent crystal. The polarization degrees of the azimuthally and radially polarized beams are 98.6% and 98.2%, respectively. The study suggests that this new method would constitute a laser light source for producing power and single pulse energy scaling, short pulse width, and high-purity structured vector beams and serve this function.
Identification of the relevant input variables for predicting the parabolic trough solar collector's outlet temperature using an artificial neural network and a multiple linear regression model
Authors: Ajbar Wassila , Parrales A. , Silva-Martínez S. , Bassam A. , Jaramillo O. A. , Hernández J. A.
Published: August 2021

The main objective of this study is to present the most influencing input variables for a parabolic trough solar collector (PTSC) outlet temperature through prediction and optimization. Six artificial neural network (ANN) and four multiple linear regression (MLR) models were proposed, validated, and compared in detail. Temperature, wind speed, rim angle, flow rate, and solar radiation were used as input variables. The simulation showed that ANN-1 and MLR with Second-Order Equation (SOE) are the models that yielded the best results with R2 = 0.9984 and R2 = 0.9958 and with an RMSE = 0.7708 and 1.6031, respectively. The sensitivity analysis results of the ANN-1 model trained, with and without biases, showed that the inlet temperature was the most significant parameter influencing the PTSC outlet temperature. Both models yielding the best results were inverted to estimate the optimal input parameter using the trust-region reflective algorithm optimization method. The optimization results showed that ANNi and MLR-SOEi estimated the input temperature with an error < 4.008% and had a very short-elapsed prediction time <0.2277 s. Due to high accuracy and short computing time, ANN-1 and ANNi are more suitable than MLR-SOE for simulating and optimizing the PTSC outlet temperature. Likewise, the MLR-SOE method proved to be a simpler and cheaper alternative than the ANN method.
Review on power-production modeling of hybrid wind and PV power parks
Authors: Lindberg Oskar , Arnqvist Johan , Munkhammar Joakim , Lingfors David
Published: August 2021

The interest for co-located wind and solar photovoltaic (PV) parks, also known as hybrid power parks (HPPs), is increasing both in industry and in the scientific community. Co-locating wind and PV can lead to synergies in power production, infrastructure, and land usage, which may lower the overall plant cost compared to single technology systems. This review paper summarizes the existing research on power output modeling related to utility-scale HPPs and identifies knowledge-gaps. The main literature shows that there is a need for improved modeling methodologies accounting for the variability of the combined power production. There is potential for immediate improvement by combining state-of-the-art models that have been developed in separate fields and harmonizing the vocabulary across the different research fields. The study also shows that the total number of peer reviewed studies on utility-scale HPPs is limited and further research, in particular comparative studies, is needed to give a comprehensive view of the benefits and challenges of combining technologies. Other areas such as physical design, control strategies, market participation, and quantification of the possible synergies for physical implementation of HPPs also need to be studied further.
Understanding and minimizing resonance frequency deviations on a 4-in. kilo-pixel kinetic inductance detector array
Authors: Shu S. , Calvo M. , Goupy J. , Leclercq S. , Catalano A. , Bideaud A. , Monfardini A. , Driessen E. F. C.
Published: August 2021

One of the advantages of kinetic inductance detectors is their intrinsic frequency domain multiplexing capability. However, fabrication imperfections usually give rise to resonance frequency deviations, which create frequency collision and limit the array yield. Here, we study the resonance frequency deviation of a 4-in. kilo-pixel lumped-element kinetic inductance detector (LEKID) array using optical mapping. Using the measured resonator dimensions and film thickness, the fractional deviation can be explained within ±25×10−3, whereas the residual deviation is due to variation of electric film properties. Using the capacitor trimming technique, the fractional deviation is decreased by a factor of 14. The yield of the trimming process is found to be 97%. The mapping yield, measured under a 110 K background, is improved from 69% to 76%, which can be further improved to 81% after updating our readout system. With the improvement in yield, the capacitor trimming technique may benefit future large-format LEKID arrays.
Coulomb electron drag mechanism of terahertz plasma instability in n+-i-n-n+ graphene FETs with ballistic injection
Authors: Ryzhii V. , Ryzhii M. , Mitin V. , Shur M. S. , Otsuji T.
Published: August 2021

We predict the self-excitation of terahertz (THz) oscillations due to the plasma instability in the lateral n+-i-n-n+ graphene field-effect transistors (G-FETs). The instability is associated with the Coulomb drag of the quasi-equilibrium electrons in the gated channel by the injected ballistic electrons resulting in a positive feedback between the amplified dragged electrons current and the injected current. The plasma excitations arise when the drag effect is sufficiently strong. The drag efficiency and the plasma frequency are determined by the quasi-equilibrium electron Fermi energy (i.e., by their density). The conditions of the terahertz plasma oscillation self-excitation can be realized in the G-FETs with realistic structural parameters at room temperature enabling the potential G-FET-based radiation sources for THz applications.
A modular magneto-inductive sensor for low vector magnetic field measurements
Authors: Liu Huan , Wang Xiaobin , Zhao Changfeng , Wang Zehua , Ge Jian , Dong Haobin , Liu Zheng
Published: August 2021

The low magnetic field measurement has been utilized since ancient times in order to find economic resources, to detect magnetic anomalies, etc. In this case, the vector magnetic survey can simultaneously obtain the modulus and direction information of the magnetic field, which can contribute to obtaining more precise information and characteristics of magnetic field resources. This paper is concerned with the potential to exploit the signals of vector magnetic field measurement with a magneto-inductive (MI) sensor. To evaluate the capability of the MI sensor, a test platform is set up and its performance, including the noise floor, the resolution, and the sensitivity, is comprehensively characterized. Furthermore, a comparative geomagnetic observation and magnetic anomaly detection among the proposed MI sensor, a high-precision Overhauser sensor, and a commonly used and accepted commercial MI sensor are conducted. The experimental results identify the capability of the proposed MI sensor in weak magnetic detection.
Terrestrial biodiversity threatened by increasing global aridity velocity under high-level warming
Authors: Shi Hao , Tian Hanqin , Lange Stefan , Yang Jia , Pan Shufen , Fu Bojie , Reyer Christopher P. O.
Published: August 2021

Significance

Under climate change, a point on a map needs to move in some speed and direction to maintain its current climate niche. We calculated the speeds and directions of aridity shifts across the globe to approximate species migration in natural–human systems driven by changes in water availability. We found historically that the aridity shifts had driven migration of vegetation greenness isolines in multiple regions. Most importantly, global drying would be accelerated for terrestrial taxa without mitigation. This would leave some species unable to adapt quickly enough, especially amphibians, which will suffer the largest aridification speed against plants, birds, and mammals. These findings suggest strong climate mitigation actions are required for the benefit of both terrestrial biodiversity and human well-being.
Amyloid particles facilitate surface-catalyzed cross-seeding by acting as promiscuous nanoparticles
Authors: Koloteva-Levine Nadejda , Aubrey Liam D. , Marchante Ricardo , Purton Tracey J. , Hiscock Jennifer R. , Tuite Mick F. , Xue Wei-Feng
Published: August 2021

Significance

The formation of disease-associated fibrillar amyloid structures can be accelerated by preformed amyloid seeds. This seeding process is thought to occur solely through elongation at amyloid fibril ends, resulting in the templated propagation of the protein conformation encoded in the seeds. We demonstrate that amyloid seeding does not always proceed through templated elongation and show that amyloid seeds are nanoparticles that can accelerate the formation of new heterologous amyloid without templating the protein conformation encoded in the seeds. We provide experimentally testable criteria to distinguish seeding through a templated elongation mechanism from surface catalysis and present mechanistic insights into the amyloid seeding and cross-seeding phenomenon. These findings have wide implications for our understanding of the molecular basis of amyloid cross-interactions.
SNX27-FERM-SNX1 complex structure rationalizes divergent trafficking pathways by SNX17 and SNX27
Authors: Yong Xin , Zhao Lin , Hu Wenfeng , Sun Qingxiang , Ham Hyoungjun , Liu Zhe , Ren Jie , Zhang Zhen , Zhou Yifei , Yang Qin , Mo Xianming , Hu Junjie , Billadeau Daniel D. , Jia Da
Published: August 2021

Significance

The sorting nexin proteins are critical for endosomal trafficking and signaling. SNX17 and SNX27 are two SNX proteins displaying high similarity in domain structure, including a common FERM domain; however, they mediate distinct endocytic recycling pathways. We now solve this mystery by demonstrating that the FERM domains of SNX17 and SNX27 have different functions. Whereas the FERM domain of SNX17 recognizes the NPxY/NxxY motif, the same domain in SNX27 binds to a novel “DLF” motif within the N termini of SNX1/2. The interaction between SNX27 and SNX1/2 not only helps efficient retrieval of multiple cargoes but also promotes endosomal recruitment of SNX27. We further demonstrate that the SNX27–SNX1/2 interaction is crucial to neuronal growth and brain development in zebrafish.
Stretchable origami robotic arm with omnidirectional bending and twisting
Authors: Wu Shuai , Ze Qiji , Dai Jize , Udipi Nupur , Paulino Glaucio H. , Zhao Ruike
Published: August 2021

Significance

The octopus quickly reconfigures its arms to perform highly integrated tasks, such as swimming, walking, and preying. Inspired by such a soft-bodied cephalopod biosystem, we engineer compliant origami robotic arms to achieve multimodal deformations that integrate stretching, folding, omnidirectional bending, and twisting for functions such as grasping and lifting objects by means of precise magnetic actuation. The remote magnetic field control allows distributed actuation of the multiple degree-of-freedom robotic system for complex motions to achieve the aforementioned shape-changing capabilities and functionalities. Origami robotic arms with untethered control are applicable to biomedical devices and morphing mechanisms in environments with limited access.
“We were cocked & loaded to retaliate”
Authors: Makki Mohammad , Ross Andrew S.
Published: August 2021

The diplomatic relationship between the USA and Iran has long been fraught and is characterised by various conflicts and the implementation of economic sanctions. It can be argued that the relationship became even more hostile after Donald Trump was elected president of the US. Trump’s sentiments towards Iran were made public through his behavior on Twitter, both before and after he took over the Presidency. These sentiments have been a mix of negative and sometimes positive views and opinions. This study uses a corpus of Trump’s tweets that explicitly mention ‘Iran’ as the basis of a linguistic analysis and applies to it the analytical framework ofappraisalfrom Systemic Functional Linguistics. More specifically, this study focuses on how he established an Us vs. Them dichotomy. While the analysis shows that Iran has been generally portrayed negatively by Trump, there were several tweets where the Iranian government was appraised positively, too. More interestingly, in those tweets, he seemed to target Obama and democrats and represent them negatively while Iran was assessed in positive terms.
Simulation of volumetric deformation in the process of hot compaction of composite infiltrated Fe-Cu
Authors: Sergeenko S N
Published: August 2021

Annotation

To describe the regularities of the compaction of an infiltrated Fe-Cu composite material in the process of hot compaction, a criterion is proposed that is determined by the volumetric deformation of the pores of a refractory metal (iron) frame associated with plastic deformation of a compact material surrounding the pore. In this work, a multiplicative model of the influence of the values of technological factors (the content of the infiltrate, the initial relative density of the refractory base, the reduced work of compaction) on the volumetric deformation of the pores of the iron frame in the process of hot compaction of the infiltrated composite material is built. A hypothesis is formulated for compaction of an iron frame by accommodation of powder particles in the process of hot compaction of a Fe-Cu composite material with an increased content of infiltrate. It has been established that the volumetric deformation of the iron base is determined by the course of competing processes - decompaction due to the effect of “copper growth” of the Fe-Cu composite material, as well as the disintegration of the powder base associated with the squeezing out of the liquid phase of the infiltrate along the unformed interparticle surfaces, and compaction due to the suppression of decompaction under the action of external pressure during hot compaction of the infiltrated composite material.
Non-contact measurements of composite aircraft wing prototype under load
Authors: Kulesh V P , Kurulyuk K A , Shvardygulov G E
Published: August 2021

Annotation

Measurements of general deformation of the wing box prototype of a medium-range passenger aircraft under load were carried out using non-contact videogrammetry (monogrammetry) method. The wing box was 9.8 m long and was made of polymer composite material. The tests were carried out on a special stand, where the variable loading of aircraft wing was simulated at ground and flight modes of a typical flight. The loading was carried out according to the program of tests up to destruction. As a result, the fields of distributed deflection strain were obtained for each loading step. It was shown that the maximum deflection in the end section immediately before failure reached 290 mm. The error in measuring the normal deviations of surface points did not exceed 0.8 mm.
Actual methods of full-scale metal-composite aircraft structures static testing with the use of information systems
Authors: Kolman E M , Kurulyuk D V , Limonin M V
Published: August 2021

Annotation

Strength testing of aircraft structures made of polymer composite materials requires improving methods and procedures for conducting experimental research. The paper presents a computational and experimental approach applied in the laboratory of static strength tests of FSUE “TsAGI”. The effectiveness of this approach is demonstrated on the example of testing the structure of medium-range aircraft. Before the tests, a computational model was created, based on which critical strength zones were determined. Additional strain gauges were installed in these areas, which allowed conducting thorough monitoring of the stress-strain state. The use of specialized software “Tensometry visualization module”, developed at FSUE “TsAGI”, made it possible to analyse the readings of ∼10,000 strain gages during testing in real-time, which significantly increased the information value of the experiment and reduced the risks of unintentional destruction of a full-scale specimen. Based on the results of the experiment, the calculation model was validated.
Increasing the rigidity of an elastic working tool for processing thin sheet metal by creating composite material based on polyurethane elastomers and synthetic aramid fabrics
Authors: Semenov I E , Savchuk D V
Published: August 2021

Abstracts

The paper presents the results of both experimental and theoretical studies on the creation of a new composite working tool for pressure treatment of thin sheet metals. The composite working tool is made on the basis of SKU-7L polyurethane with reinforcement with one layer of kevlar-type aramid fabric.
A study of cutting forces when drilling CFRP/Ti stacks
Authors: Ivanov Y N , Chashhin N S , Sultanova A R
Published: August 2021

Abstracts

Twist drilling is a widely used machining technology for composite materials. Delamination is a serious drilling problem. The main purpose of the study is to improve the quality and productivity of the process of drilling holes in CERP/Ti stacks by minimizing delamination defects without undue changes in the cutting modes. The stack consists of a CFRP layer and titanium alloy layers. The holes are drilled with the Atlas Copco PFD-1500 automatic feed drilling machine. The HAM carbide drill was used for cutting. The range of variations in the cutting modes was selected and an experiment plan was drawn up in Statistica 6. Three factors (cutting speed, feed and accumulated cutting length) were taken into account. Using the experiment results, multivariate regression analysis models were built. They describe the effects of cutting modes and cutting length on the axial cutting force in the CFRP layer. The cutting length is the most significant factor. An increase in this factor increases the axial cutting force. An increase in feed also increases the cutting force, but its effect is less pronounced. The squared cutting speed has the least effect on the axial cutting force.
Composite shell of toroidal balloons of breathing apparatus with meridional winding of threads
Authors: Komkov M A , Galinovskiy A L , Htet Kyaw Myo
Published: August 2021

The prospects of using toroidal composite high-pressure cylinders for breathing apparatus, which are more ergonomic in comparison with similar cylindrical cylinders, are described. Through the analytical solution of the equilibrium equations, the cross-sectional shape of the composite shells of toroidal balloons, which are intersecting loop-like curves, is determined. A constructive diagram of a toroidal composite balloon, formed by the intersection of the upper and lower branches of the shell reinforced along the meridians, and the profiled annular layer of threads, installed at the point of their intersection, is proposed.
Finite element modeling of elastic moduli and microstresses in textile carbon-carbon composites
Authors: Dimitrienko Yu I , Yurin Yu I , Sborschikov S V , Bogdanov I O , Ya Yahnovski A , Bay-murzin R R
Published: August 2021

Abstracts

The problem of detailed calculation of micro-stresses in textile composite materials under arbitrary types of loading is considered. A model for calculating the effective characteristics of textile composites considering the real complex curvilinear anisotropy of fibers in tissues is proposed. The model is based on the asymptotic homogenization method, whereby local problems of elasticity theory for a curvilinear anisotropic body are formulated. For the numerical solution of these problems, the finite element method is used. The implementation of the proposed method was carried out within the framework of the SMCM software package, developed at the Department of Computational Mathematics and Mathematical Physics of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University. The SMCM software package allows you to perform a full cycle of finite element modeling, including the stages of pre-processing and post-processing. An example of numerical modeling of a textile carbon-carbon composite of twill weaving is carried out. It is shown that the developed software package provides (a very high accuracy of calculations of the effective elastic properties of composites. The comparison was carried out with the calculations obtained using the ANSYS software, which was modified to provide the possibility of solving local problems, the relative deviation in the calculations of the effective elastic constants did not exceed (-7) degrees.
Modeling of the draping textile on a curved surface
Authors: Dimitrienko Yu I , Zakharov A A , Gorbunov V Y
Published: August 2021

Abstracts

This paper presents algorithm for draping 2D textile fabric on curved surface. Using computer analyze to predicting strength and stiffness of textile reinforced composite details allows to achieve better characteristics of received parts. Part of this task is stacking initial cloth on the surface. Modeling of draped fabrics on surface produced by representation initial cloth by pin-jointed net model, which are describes position of each thread. This algorithm also provides to analyses angles between each pair of threads in considered object. It is used to find areas with critical tension, or places of formation of folds of fabrics. In this paper threads of fabrics are inextensibility.
3D printing technological modes influence on the performance properties of vehicles plastic parts restored with additive technologies
Authors: Nefelov I S , Baurova N I
Published: August 2021

The 3D printing parameters influence on the plastic parts performance properties (water absorption, chemical resistance) created with additive technologies is considered. It has been found that, the filling percentage has the greatest influence on the change in the water absorption value among the other printing parameters. It has been shown that the printed product structure formation should be carried out at a print job creating stage.
Obtaining lined environmentally friendly wood-based panels
Authors: Tsvetkov V E , Yu Ekimova M , Machneva O P
Published: August 2021

This paper considered manufacturing of faced wood-based panels based on a carbamide-formaldehyde oligomer modified with a mixture of low molecular weight polyoxymethylene glycols. For facing material, we propose paper-resin films ob-tained by impregnating textured decorative papers with an amino-formaldehyde oli-gomer modified with salts of polyfunctional acids.
Relationship between the roughness of the friction surface of wear-resistant composites and their composition
Authors: Kisel Yu E , Kravchenko I N , Kuznetsov Yu A , Korneev V M
Published: August 2021

The wear resistance of galvanic composites based on iron alloys under conditions of abrasive wear has been investigated. The relationship between wear resistance and surface roughness of composites during wear has been established. A model of the formation of the surface roughness of composites during abrasive wear is proposed. The optimal content of the dispersed phase in the composite was determined from the point of view of the ratio of the strength of the dispersed phase and matrix.
Estimation of the possibility of using anaerobic impregnating compositions to increase frost resistance of rubber suspension elements of road vehicles
Authors: Marenkov I G , Baurova N I
Published: August 2021

The conditions of operation of non-metallic elements of air suspension of road vehicles are analyzed. The influence of negative temperatures on non-metallic (rubber) elements of an air spring has been studied. An assessment of the possibility of using impregnating compositions for servicing the rubber elements of the air suspension of road vehicles in various temperature conditions has been carried out. It is shown that the use of impregnating compositions when servicing rubber elements of an air suspension allows minimizing cracking of the material and, consequently, increasing the durability of the suspension.
Design of Intelligent Early Warning Robot System for Warehouse Autonomous Patrol based on Scale Estimation Algorithm of Probability Theory
Authors: Li Jie , Tu Yaoyao , Lu Biao
Published: August 2021

In view of the backward monitoring status in the traditional safety management of hazardous chemicals warehouse, a patrol robot for hazardous chemicals warehouse with autonomous patrol stereo detection, intelligent early warning and remote monitoring functions is designed, and the design process of related functions of autonomous patrol navigation subsystem, environmental detection subsystem and remote monitoring subsystem is discussed from two aspects of hardware and software. Because both the camera and the target may be in motion, it is necessary to consider the scale change of target influence caused by relative distance. In order to overcome the shortcoming of invariable scale in Mean Shift algorithm, this paper adopts a scale adaptive method to estimate the size of the target, adjusts the parameters of kernel function by using ellipse feature, and takes the parameters of the current frame as the initial data of the next frame, so as to achieve the effect of adaptively adjusting the target scale. The test results show that the system can effectively traverse the map of hazardous chemicals warehouse, accurately assess the leakage of hazardous chemicals and the environmental safety of warehouse, and give early warning. The remote monitoring platform greatly facilitates the remote management of the warehouse.
Influence of the X-point location on edge plasma transport in the J-TEXT tokamak with a high-field-side single-null divertor
Authors: WANG Hao , LIANG Yunfeng , XU Shuai , JIANG Zhonghe , FENG Yuhe , KNIEPS A , DREWS P , YANG Jie , XU Xin , LONG Ting , JIAO Shaodong , ZHANG Xiaolong , HAO Zhigang , YANG Qinglong , CHEN Zhipeng , CHEN Zhongyong , WANG Nengchao , YANG Zhoujun , ZHANG Xiaoqing , DING Yonghua , PAN Yuan
Published: August 2021

High-density experiments in the high-field-side mid-plane single-null divertor configuration have been performed for the first time on J-TEXT. The experiments show an increase in the highest central channel line-averaged density from

2.73

×

10

19

m

−
3

to

6.49

×

10

19

m

−
3

, while the X-point moves away from the target by increasing the divertor coil current. The corresponding Greenwald fraction rises from 0.50 to 0.79. For the impurity transport, the density normalized radiation intensity (absolute extreme ultraviolet and soft x-ray) of the central channel density decreased significantly (>50%) with an increase in the plasma density. To better understand the underlying physics mechanisms, the 3D edge Monte Carlo code coupled with EIRENE (EMC3- EIRENE) has been implemented for the first time on J-TEXT. The simulation results show good agreement with the experimental findings. As the X-point moves away from the target, the divertor power decay length drops and the scrape-off layer impurity screening effect is enhanced.
Martyrdom in Early Modern England
Authors: Altman Shanyn
Published: August 2021

At the advent of England’s Reformation, the monarch assumed sovereignty over the English Church. This created an established state church, which was designed to counter the papacy’s assertion of supremacy. In doing so, the English Church more emphatically linked itself to the monarchy’s temporal control and its attendant realpolitik than was the case with the Pope’s authority over Roman Catholic territories, barring the small Papal States. For those in England who remained faithful to Roman Catholicism, this created an environment where some Protestants took “popery” to be akin to sedition. Whereas during Mary I’s regime, where the English Church was back under papal authority and martyrs died under heresy statutes rather than treason statutes, it was held under Protestant regimes that to act against the English Church was to act against the English state. Given the wide sway of perspectives within English Protestantism from Presbyterianism to Arminianism, as well as the old faith’s continuing appeal among many, English subjects were confronted with competing notions of what it meant to be a good Christian and, consequently, conflicting views about who qualified as a Christian martyr and what precisely Christian martyrdom involved. Martyrologies and other discourses on martyrdom were powerful tools for defining true religion and influencing the behavior of religious adherents, even if the popular representation of the martyr-figure that arises from these works did not necessarily reflect all of the views on martyrdom held by Catholics and Protestants in contemporary society.
Critical Post-Colonial Studies: Opening Up the Post-Colonial to a Broader Geopolitical View
Authors: Albrecht Monika
Published: August 2021

The new framework of critical post-colonial studies adds the innovative feature of a broader geopolitical view to an existing branch of critique that challenges the postcolonial regime of knowledge as a whole, simultaneously taking into account the impact of the “traveling concepts” of postcolonial theories on contemporary thought. A radical scrutiny of its core tenets questions postcolonial studies’ perception and representation of colonialism that are selectively confined to the areas of the West and the formerly colonized non-West. The new research field of critical post-colonial studies, by contrast, deploys a multidirectional framework that strives to unthink the quasi-Manichean reverse division of the world into a devalued West and an upgraded non-West characteristic of the postcolonial mainstream. Critical post-colonial studies is thus not intended to be yet another subdivision of the wide academic field of postcolonial studies but one that departs from a broadening of the geopolitical space and shows how this inevitably inflects conventional understanding of the postcolonial. Important steps for a critical dismantling of mainstream postcolonial studies are a conceptual disengagement of the mechanisms of “othering” and a disentanglement of the components of the specific postcolonial continuity thesis. Discarding these and other restrictions makes room for the urgently needed paradigm shift in postcolonial scholarship and for the fashioning of a new academic language of critical post-colonial studies that, on the one hand, meets the needs of the multidirectional conditions of imperialism and colonialism and their various semantics and is, on the other hand, able to grasp universal patterns in different geopolitical and historical conditions.
Games Addiction: A Comprehensive Overview
Authors: Reer Felix , Quandt Thorsten
Published: August 2021

The study of addictive media use has a rather long tradition in media effects research and constitutes an interdisciplinary field that brings together scholars from communication science, psychology, psychiatry, and medicine. While older works focused on radio, film, or television addiction, newer studies have often examined the excessive use of interactive digital media and its consequences. Since the introduction of affordable home computer systems in the 1980s and 1990s, especially the pathological use of digital games (games addiction) has been discussed and investigated intensively. However, early research on the topic suffered from considerable methodological limitations, which made it difficult to assess the spread of the problem objectively. These limitations notwithstanding, the American Psychiatric Association (APA) decided to include the addictive use of digital games (Internet gaming disorder) as a “condition for further study” in its diagnostical manual, the DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition), in 2013. A few years later, the World Health Organization (WHO) officially acknowledged addictive game use as a diagnosable mental condition (gaming disorder) by listing it in the 11th edition of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11). Some scholars viewed the decisions of the APA and the WHO with skepticism, arguing that healthy players may be stigmatized, while others greeted them as important prerequisites to facilitate appropriate therapies. Despite the question of whether the inclusion of disordered game use in the manuals of the APA and the WHO has greater advantages than disadvantages, it definitely triggered a research boom. New scales testing the APA and the WHO criteria were developed and applied in international studies. Representative studies were conducted that indicated that at least a small percentage of players seemed to show playing patterns that indeed could be considered problematic. Further, the correlates of gaming disorder have been examined extensively, showing that the addictive use of digital games is associated with particular demographics, motivations, and personality aspects as well as with other diverse impairments, such as physical and psychological health issues and problems in the social and working lives of affected players. However, the debate about the accuracy of the definitions and diagnostic criteria postulated by the APA and the WHO has not ended, and more high-quality research is needed to further improve the understanding of the causes, consequences, and specifics of gaming disorder. In addition, new aspects and innovations, such as micropayments, loot boxes, and highly immersive technologies such as virtual reality or augmented reality systems, may expose gamers to new risks that future debates and research need to consider.
Queer Memory
Authors: Dunn Thomas R.
Published: August 2021

Although “memory” has long held a place of distinction within the discipline of Communication, queer memory and its capacity to make powerful interventions into politics, culture, and society represent a significant new enactment of the term. As an area of study, queer memory in Communication draws heavily from the confluence of memory studies and queer theory, both of which arrived at the end of the 20th century. It was also accelerated by the exigency that is HIV/AIDS. While the early aughts saw the inauguration of queer memory studies in Communication, today the topic is a regular focus of queer scholars. In particular, scholars have gravitated to the recovery and circulation of the memories of queer individuals, movements, and institutions; the queering of the study and practice of memory itself; and the reconsideration of the archive through a queer lens.
Social Support and LGBTQ+ Individuals and Communities
Authors: Humble Áine M.
Published: August 2021

Social support is an important resource that can help reduce stressful situations or buffer the impact of stressful situations for LGBTQ+ individuals. Many definitions of social support exist, but researchers often focus on emotional, informational, or practical support provided to a person. Social support is communicated by people close to a person as well as through institutional practices and policies and in communities. General trends around the world show increasing support for sexual-minority individuals—and to a lesser extent gender-minority individuals—but there are many countries still hostile to LGBTQ+ individuals. A number of individual-level and country-level variables are related to positive attitudes toward LGBTQ+ individuals.

Social support is operationalized in many ways in quantitative research on LGBTQ+ individuals, usually used as a predictor of health outcomes. Some quantitative measures look at general social support, whereas others study social support within particular settings, or very specific ways in which support is communicated. Measures of social support specific to LGBTQ+ populations have been developed, such as The Gay and Lesbian Acceptance and Support Index. Research also looks at support at the community level—the broader community (often referred to as community climate) as well as LGBTQ+ communities. Qualitative research is valuable for exploring what social support means to various groups and for understanding how different social identities interact with each other.

Many factors influence expectations and experiences of social support; thus, research should be contextualized. Rather than studying LGBTQ+ as a group, subgroups can be studied, along with intersectional research. When this is carried out, unique findings can appear. For example, lesbians in adulthood can include ex-partners and ex-lovers in their social support networks, and Black lesbian parents describe complex ways in which they interact with their families and religious communities. Different life course changes such as same-sex marriage and LGBTQ+ parenting provide opportunities to explore if and how social support is communicated to LGBTQ+ individuals. Who support is received from is also a key area of interest—families of origin, chosen families, friends, work colleagues, LGBTQ+ communities and broader communities, and so on. Later-life circumstances of LGBTQ+ individuals need focus, as these individuals often have smaller social support networks due to lifetime discrimination and cumulative life course experiences. Political situations involving elevated anti-gay rhetoric are also relevant contexts in which to study how social support can ameliorate minority stress. Research is starting to look at social support in formal organizations, many of which have developed guidelines for developing inclusive environments for sexual- and gender-minority groups.
Transparency in Journalism
Authors: Koliska Michael
Published: August 2021

Transparency is the most recently established ethical principle for professional journalists, even though its roots stretch back almost a century. The emergence of transparency as a core journalistic ethic and value has been fueled mainly by three distinct yet interdependent developments. First, sociocultural advances in society have gradually increased the availability and demand for more information, including in areas such as politics and business. This development instilled an expectation of the “right to know,” also impacting the journalistic institution. Second, the introduction of digital media technologies has provided more means to disclose information, interact with journalists, and witness news production. Third, ethical and normative discussions by journalists and scholars have promoted more openness about journalism. Transparency has frequently been advocated as an effective way to combat the ongoing decline of trust and credibility in the news media. A central rationale supporting information disclosure and providing direct access to journalists and news organizations is that the audience will be able to ascertain which journalism it can trust to be true or which journalism may be superior. Specifically, in times when the news media is being labeled as fake or lying to the public, transparency may indeed be an important mechanism for the audience to hold journalism accountable. Yet, while the promise of transparency is an enticing prospect for the journalistic institution, empirical research has not quite been able to support all the claims that transparency will indeed improve credibility and trust in the news media. However, transparency is a nascent ethic and practice in journalism, and has only recently been officially recognized. Journalists and news organizations are still in the process of finding new ways to openly engage with the public, showing them the journalistic production process and building relationships with their communities. After all, building trust takes time and may only be achieved in a continuous effort to engage in an open, honest, and personal dialogue with the people.