bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Circulating microRNA-122 as a potential biomarker for Hepatitis C Virus-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Malik Abdul , Barooah Prajjalendra , Saikia Snigdha , Kalita Simanta , Kalita Manash Jyoti , Das Partha Pratim , Bharali Pooja , Sarma Manash Pratim , Sarmah Preeti , Bhattacharyya Mallika , Kar Premashish , Goswami Bhabadev , Medhi Subhash , Alkholief Musaed , Alshamsan Aws
Published: March 2022

The features of translational repression by micro-RNA can cause various diseases in humans. The liver-specific microRNA (mir122) is primarily involved in tissue tropism during HCV infection. This study focuses on evaluating host serum miR-122 as a prognostic marker in HCV infection. A positive expression of miR-122 was observed in CHC patients followed by HCC patients compared to healthy controls. A difference in median levels of miR-122 expression in CHC and HCC patients (p < 0.000) was found in contrast to Cirrhosis patients (p = 0.511). The serum miR-122 expression was found threefold higher in liver cirrhosis patients than chronic hepatitis. Further, the AUROC analysis of miR-122 expression profile can efficiently distinguish CHC patients (AUROC = 0.978, p = 0.000, 95% CI = 0.958 to 0.998) and HCC from healthy controls (AUROC = 0.971, p = 0.000, 95% CI = 0.944 to 0.997). Moreover, ROC curve analysis significantly distinguished between CHC patients from Cirrhosis patients (AUROC = 0.955, p = 0.000, 95% CI = 0.925 to 0.986) but not CHC from HCC patients (AUROC = 0.584, p = 0.104, 95% CI = 0.485 to 0.684). This study revealed a substantial correlation of miR-122 with HCV viral load (r = 0.56, p = 0.000), ALT (r = 0.67, p = 0.000) and AST (r = 0.65, p = 0.000) levels. Serum miR-122 can potentially serve as a promising prognostic tool for HCV induced HCC.
Polyphenic Risk Score Shows Robust Predictive Ability For Long-Term Future Suicidality
Authors: Cheng Mingxi , Roseberry Kyle , Choi Yena , Quast Laura , Gaines Madelaine , Sandusky George , Kline Jeffrey , Bogdan Paul , Niculescu Alexander B.
Published: March 2022

Suicides are preventable tragedies, if risk factors are tracked and mitigated. We had previously developed a new quantitative suicidality risk assessment instrument (Convergent Functional Information for Suicidality, CFI-S), which is in essence a simple polyphenic risk score, and deployed it in a busy urban Emergency Department, in a naturalistic cohort of consecutive patients. We report a four years follow-up of that population (n = 482). Overall, the single administration of the CFI-S was significantly predictive of suicidality over the ensuing 4 years (occurrence- ROC AUC 80%, severity- Pearson correlation 0.44, imminence-Cox regression Hazard Ratio 1.33). The best predictive single phenes (phenotypic items) were feeling useless (not needed), a past history of suicidality, and social isolation. We next used machine learning approaches to enhance the predictive ability of CFI-S. We divided the population into a discovery cohort (n=255) and testing cohort (n=227), and developed a deep neural network algorithm that showed increased accuracy for predicting risk of future suicidality (increasing the ROC AUC from 80% to 90%), as well as a similarity network classifier for visualizing patient’s risk. We propose that the widespread use of CFI-S for screening purposes, with or without machine learning enhancements, can boost suicidality prevention efforts. This study also identified as top risk factors for suicidality addressable social determinants.
Effect of Erythromycin on Mortality and the Host Response in Critically Ill Patients With Sepsis: a Target Trial Emulation
Authors: Reijnders Tom D.Y. , Peters-Sengers Hessel , Vught Lonneke A. van , Uhel Fabrice , Bonten Marc J.M. , Cremer Olaf L. , Schultz Marcus J. , Stuiver Martijn M. , Poll Tom van der
Published: March 2022

Background: Immunomodulatory therapies that improve the outcome of sepsis are not available. We sought to determine whether treatment of critically ill patients with sepsis with low-dose erythromycin – a macrolide antibiotic with broad immunomodulatory effects – decreased mortality and ameliorated underlying disease pathophysiology.Methods: We conducted a target trial emulation, comparing patients with sepsis admitted to two intensive care units (ICU) in the Netherlands for at least 72 hours, who were either exposed or not exposed during this period to treatment with low-dose erythromycin (up to 600 mg per day, administered as a prokinetic agent) but no other macrolides. We used two common propensity score methods (matching and inverse probability of treatment weighting) to deal with confounding by indication, and subsequently used Cox regression models to estimate the treatment effect on the primary outcome of mortality rate up to day 90. Secondary clinical outcomes included change in SOFA, duration of mechanical ventilation, and the incidence of ICU-acquired infections. We used linear mixed models to assess differences in 15 host response biomarkers reflective of key pathophysiological processes from admission to day 4. Results: 235 patients started low-dose erythromycin treatment, 470 patients served as controls. Treatment started at a median of 38 [IQR 25-52] hours after ICU admission for a median of 5 [IQR 3-8] total doses in the first course. Matching and weighting resulted in populations well-balanced for proposed confounders. We found no differences between patients treated with low-dose erythromycin and control subjects in mortality rate up to day 90: matching HR 0.89 (95% CI, 0.64-1.24), weighting HR 0.95 (95% CI, 0.66-1.36). There were no differences in secondary clinical outcomes. The change in host response biomarker levels from admission to day 4 was similar between erythromycin-treated and control subjects. Conclusion: In this target trial emulation in critically ill patients with sepsis, we could not demonstrate an effect of treatment with low-dose erythromycin on mortality, secondary clinical outcomes, or host response biomarkers.
Proteogenomic Metabolism Dependent Signature Identifies Worse Outcome in Breast And Other Cancers
Authors: Wang Guisong , Shah Punit , Searfoss Richard , Liu Jianfang , Campbell Jamie Leigh , Deyarmin Brenda , Zingmark Rebecca , Mostoller Bradley , Kvecher Leonid , Somiari Stella , Raj-Kumar Praveen-Kumar , Sturtz Lori , Granger Elder , Vahdat Linda , Bountra Chas , Sarangarajan Rangaprasad , Cutler Mary , Narain Niven , Hooke Jeffrey , Shriver Craig , Hu Hai , Kiebish Michael , Kovatich Albert
Published: March 2022

Breast cancer (BrCA) therapeutic selection routinely incorporates clinicopathologic information along with immunohistochemistry (IHC) for ER/PR/HER2/Ki-67. However, this is incomplete and has shortcomings that are seen in clinical outcome differences even within the same subtype. Herein, we analyzed the proteome of 116 HER2-negative primary BrCA samples and subsequently validated a 34-proteogenomic signature in 5,963 BrCA tumor samples from TCGA, METABRIC, and GSE96058 that demonstrated a metabolic enrichment signature impacting overall survival, progression free survival, and response to therapy. The 34-proteogenomic signature selected ER+ BrCA tumors for upstaging to a more triple negative pathophysiological phenotype, herein referred to as Luminal/TN-like (L/T), impacting likelihood for chemotherapy consideration and other therapeutic modalities rather than hormonal therapy alone. Further, analysis of 9,530 tumors across 33 types of cancers in TCGA demonstrated the 34 proteogenomic signature utility in the reclassification of other cancer types into different risk groups.
Operational Planning Of Optimal Wood Supply-Chain Network With Focus On Inbound Logistics Constraints
Authors: Parsakhoo Aidin , Ezzati Sattar , Pirov Saba , Akerdi Yadollah Rasouli
Published: March 2022

Procuring enough raw materials is an important decision faced with industries’ logistic managers to sustain production lines and improve the competitiveness of an industry within the global market. Since 2017 a large numbers of forest companies in northern Iran have struggling with providing enough wood supply to retain their production-line demands as a result of the logging ban policy over commercial forests. Therefore, they have to buy commercial logs from far-distance domestic plantation and low-quality timbers, either from legitimate or illegitimate sources. This will negatively affect transportation and unit delivery cost of raw materials. The current study is aimed to provide an integrated modeling approach to analyze the current supply-chain network and propose possible logistic scenarios to improve inbound logistics. The model was applied to a realistic wood supply-chain network of 23,000 km² with 172 forest companies which stretch across 20 cities in Mazandaran province, located in northern Iran. To do so, supply sites, demand locations, cost data (transport, loading and unloading type of machine, etc.) and assortment types were collected. Then, an optimization model with in inventory management was formulated to integrate this information and provide an optimal solution. The results showed that the demand portfolio of the studied logistic network consisted of sawlogs (38%), low-quality timbers (15%) and farm-tree pruning woods (45%). Illegitimated timbers provided 22% of the small-sized mill’s demands, while the rest came from legal sources and/or wood yard terminals. The use of wood-yard terminal instead of purchasing woods from illegitimate wood dealers led to a saving of US$1.29 of available tonnes of wood fibers. We assessed the sensitivity of the solution, such as changing in the policy of illegitimate woods, which shows a significant effect on the total cost of network.
Is Checklist an Effective Tool for Teaching Research Students? A Survey-based Study
Authors: Makram Abdelrahman M , Wang Julia , Vaghela Gladson , Gala Dhir , Quan Nguyen Khoi , Duc Minh , Imoto Atsuko , Moji Kazuhiko , Huy Nguyen Tien
Published: March 2022

Background: Students face hardships in determining what are the main points that need more studying in every subject. Checklists are one of the ways that can help students identify the most important pieces of information. Accordingly, in this study, we aimed at examining the impact of using educational checklists on the learning process of postgraduate students in Nagasaki University, Japan.Methods: Thirty-one Master students, who finished a “how to write a research protocol” course were recruited by sending them an invitation email that had an attached link to a previously developed and tested questionnaire on the SurveyMonkey® platform. After signing the electronic informed consent, twenty-two participants (response rate = 71%) finished the survey. The data was analyzed using Microsoft Excel and expressed in the form of frequencies and percentages.Results: More than half of the students declared that they know the checklist will be used in the course which we investigated. Only two students used checklists as a means of studying (9%). Twelve students (55%) confirmed that no other courses or lessons in the School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health (TMGH) use checklists. No students found the usage of checklists not easy or not practical to apply. Many students thought the length of the checklist was suitable and not too short (64%), although three students (14%) found it lengthy. Moreover, most students described the checklist as beyond good (86%) and they would recommend using a checklist for teaching other college students (73%).Conclusion: Using checklists in education can facilitate the learning process, help in memorization, and deepen the concepts being studied. Further studies are required to examine the impact of checklists in teaching undergraduate students and students from other non-healthcare disciplines.
Deep Learning for Necrosis Detection Using Canine Perivascular Wall Tumour Whole Slide Images
Authors: Rai Taranpreet , Morisi Ambra , Wells Kevin , Bober Miroslaw , Ragione Roberto La , Bacci Barbara , Bacon Nicholas J. , Thomas Spencer Angus , Aboellail Tawfik , Dark Michael J.
Published: March 2022

Necrosis seen in histopathology Whole Slide Images is a major criterion that contributes towards scoring tumour grade which then determines treatment options. However conventional manual assessment suffers from inter-operator reproducibility impacting grading precision. To address this, automatic necrosis detection using AI may be used to assess necrosis for final scoring that contributes towards the final clinical grade. Using deep learning AI, we describe a novel approach for automating necrosis detection in Whole Slide Images, tested on a canine Soft Tissue Sarcoma data set consisting of canine Perivascular Wall Tumours (cPWTs). A patch-based deep learning approach was developed where different variations of training a DenseNet-161 Convolutional Neural Network architecture were investigated as well as a stacking ensemble. An optimised DenseNet-161 with post-processing produced a hold-out test F1-score of 0.708 demonstrating state-of-the-art performance. This represents a novel first-time automated necrosis detection method in the canine Soft Tissue Sarcoma domain as well specifically in detecting necrosis in cPWTs demonstrating a significant step forward in reproducible and reliable necrosis assessment for improving the precision of tumour grading.
A functional and neuropsychological perspective of digital financial decision- making: betrayal aversion and risk behavior
Authors: Carbó-Valverde Santiago , Martín-Ríos Raquel , Fernández Francisco Rodríguez
Published: March 2022

Aims: Detecting the factors associated with financial decision-making is an unresolved challenge when trying to predict digital financial behavior. This study was designed to better understand how both neuropsychological factors and neuronal correlates affect digital financial decision-making regarding two specific behaviors: betrayal aversion and risk tendency. Methods: 120 Participants (Xage=21.7; SD=2.8) were assessed with measures of impulsivity (UPPS Impulsive Behavior Scale), the Sensitivity to Punishment and Reward (SPSRQ) and the level of confidence in both digital and traditional financial transactions. In order to determine the impact of these factors on financial decision-making, we conducted a neuro-experiment using a risk and trust game approach. Results: Upon analysis of the statistical results from the experiment, we find that sensation seeking and confidence in mobile digital transactions are significant predictors of risk behavior in financial decision-making; however, we also find that a high aversion to betrayal is characterized by a lower mean volume in the left temporal area, as well as a lower volume in the parietal and insular areas. Conclusion: High aversion implies an impulsive and stimulus-seeking behavioral pattern. In addition, this group presents lower volumes in parietal areas, traditionally associated with working memory performance, as well as insular areas linked to decision-making.
DC-derived IL-27 suppresses anti-tumor immunity via the modulation of gut microbiota
Authors: Liu Yonghao , Song Yuan , Gong Huanle , Jin Ziqi , Lei Lei , Zhu Ying , Mei Yu , Teo Huey Yee , Yin Zhinan , Wu Depei , Liu Haiyan
Published: March 2022

BackgroundChronic inflammation has been shown to be crucial in promoting tumor initiation and development in many cancer types, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It is characterized by the persistent expression of inflammatory cytokines surrounding the tissues. IL-27 is a heterodimeric cytokine that consists of EBI3 and p28, which can be expressed by many antigen presenting cells, including monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells (DCs). The role of IL-27 in tumor development is controversial. Gut microbiota plays an important role in immune system development and homeostasis, while how it can be regulated to impact anti-tumor immune response is poorly understood.ResultsWe demonstrated a tumor-promoting role of DC-derived IL-27 via the modulation of gut microbiota in murine models. IL-27p28 DC-conditional knockout (Itgax-IL-27p28f/f) mice exhibited reduced tumor growth compared with WT controls. T cell anti-tumor response was enhanced, and inhibitory receptor expression was decreased. Interestingly, when WT mice received fecal transplant from Itgax-IL-27p28f/f mice, tumor growth was significantly inhibited. Their gut microbiota exhibited distinct features and gavage of bifidobacterium, a bacteria strain that was greatly increased in Itgax-IL-27p28f/f mice, reduced tumor growth. Furthermore, MHC class II expression on tumor necrosis factor and inducible nitric-oxide-synthase-producing DCs (TIP-DCs) was increased in Itgax-IL-27p28f/f mice, and their activation could be inhibited by the gut microbiota modulated by IL-27. Their function of activating CD8+ T cells was also enhanced in the absence of DC-derived IL-27. ConclusionDC-derived IL-27 could promote tumor development and suppress anti-tumor immune response by inhibiting the function of TIP-DCs via the modulation of gut microbiota. This indirect effect of IL-27 on adaptive immune response provides insights into possible organ-specific functions of IL-27 and targeting IL-27 in tumor immunotherapy.
Periappendiceal Fluid Collection on Preoperative Computed Tomography Can be an Indication for Interval Appendectomy: a Retrospective Study
Authors: Kanaka Shintaro , Mizutani Satoshi , Yokoyama Yasuyuki , Matsutani Takeshi , Katsuno Akira , Takata Hideyuki , Nakata Ryosuke , Mishima Keisuke , Wada Yudai , Shimizu Takao , Yamagiwa Ryo , Haruna Takahiro , Nakamura Yuka , Hamaguchi Akira , Taniai Nobuhiko , Yoshida Hiroshi
Published: March 2022

Background: The treatment strategies for acute appendicitis, such as emergency appendectomy (EA), interval appendectomy (IA), and repeating nonoperative management (NOM), are controversial. In this study, we examined the preoperative factors that can be used to distinguish which patients should undergo IA.Methods: We retrospectively identified 902 patients who underwent surgery for appendicitis in our hospital from January 2010 to December 2021. Of these patients, 776 were included in this study. The patients were divided into two groups: those with a periappendiceal fluid collection (PAFC) on preoperative computed tomography (PAFC-positive group, n = 170) and those without a PAFC (PAFC-negative group, n = 606). In each group, we compared patients who underwent EA and IA.Results: In the PAFC-positive group, patients who underwent EA had a significantly higher postoperative complication rate than those who underwent IA (40.5% vs. 24.0%, p = 0.037). In the multivariate analysis, only the presence of PAFC was significantly associated with an increased risk of postoperative complications (odds ratio, 7.11; 95% confidence interval, 2.73–18.60; p < 0.001). The presence of PAFC alone was not significantly associated with an increased risk of IA or NOM failure (odds ratio, 1.48; 95% confidence interval, 0.19–11.7; p = 0.71). The rate of neoplasia on pathologic examination was significantly higher in the PAFC-positive than PAFC-negative group (7.6% vs. 1.5%, p < 0.001); the rate of carcinoma was also higher in the PAFC-positive group (2.4% vs. 0.17%, p = 0.02).Conclusions: The presence of PAFC on preoperative computed tomography was found to be a risk factor for postoperative complications but not IA or NOM failure. It was also correlated with neoplasia as the etiology of appendicitis. Therefore, PAFC positivity is useful as an indication for IA.
Mutant p53 and ELK-1 co-drive the expression of FRA-1 in breast cancer cells
Authors: Hu Sike , Wang Manxue , Ji Ailing , Yang Jie , Gao Ruifang , Li Xia , Sun Lili , Yang Zibo , Zhang Ying , Liu Hongbin
Published: March 2022

Tumor-related p53 mutations can provoke activities different from p53 wild-type tumors to lose tumor-suppressing function. Cells harboring p53 mutations possess a more aggressive property associated with highly pro-invasion, pro-metastasis, proliferation, and cell survival. By comparing the gene expression profiles of p53 mutant and p53 knockdown cancer cells, we figure out FRA-1 as a potential effector of mutp53-mediated metastasis. We demonstrate that the expression of FRA-1, a gatekeeper of mesenchymal-epithelial transition encoded by FOSL1, elevates in the presence of p53 mutations. Mechanistically, mutant p53 binds to ELK-1 in BRCA cells, implying their collaboration to induce FRA-1 expression. In short, this study deciphers new insights into how mtp53 handles metastasis.
Impact of COVID-19 on University Students’ Quality of Life and Mental Health in Greece: a Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Tsami Faidra Foteini , Kanellopoulou Aimilia , Alexopoulou-Prounia Loukia , Tsapara Aggeliki , Katsadoros Kiriakos , Alexopoulos Panos , Vantarakis Apostolos
Published: March 2022

Background: COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted an increasing deterioration of university students’ quality of life and mental health. COVID-19 pandemic forced university students to take online classes, which may have an impact on students’ education. In addition, students lost many job opportunities because of the pandemic. Faced with unemployment and study pressure and worried about the epidemic, university students were prone to high overall negative emotions, anxiety, and depression. Our study aims to conduct an impact assessment of the COVID-19 pandemic on the quality of life and mental health of university students.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study using an online interview survey on students at public universities in Greece to better understand the effects of the pandemic on their quality of life and mental health. Three tools were used (WHOQOL-BREF, IES-R, and HADS) as well as five separate questions directed only at participants who have been previously hospitalized due to self-destructive behaviors. Results: 1.266 university students from public Greek Universities participated in the study, 73.1% of which were female, 26,3% were male. We observed that 55,8% had a score lower than 50 in the psychological domain and 52,3% in the social domain of WHOQOL-BREF. Additionally, 46.6% of the respondents had a score of 37+ on the IES-R questionnaire, 45% of the respondents had abnormal results regarding anxiety and 33.6% had abnormal results regarding depression on the HADS questionnaire. Conclusions: Due to the long duration of the pandemic and measures such as lockdown and stay-at-home orders, the COVID-19 pandemic brings negative impacts on the quality of university education as well as the quality of life and wellbeing of students. The findings of our study highlight the urgent need to develop interventions and strategies to address the quality of life and mental health consequences of university students.
Relationship between ENO1 and Metastasis Risk and Prognosis in Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Bai Rui , Xiang Yuandi , Tian Mian , Yuan Cheng , Hua Qingquan
Published: March 2022

Objective
Esophageal cancer (EC), a common gastrointestinal malignancy, ranks as the sixth leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the predominant histological subtype of EC. Lack of potential biomarkers for treatment and prognosis is a limitation for early diagnosis and treatment of ESCC.
Methods
Based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was constructed to identify gene modules associated with the metastasis in ESCC. The LASSO algorithm was used to construct a prognosis genes model. After the collinearity test, all independent prognostic parameters and important clinical parameters were included in the prognostic nomogram constructed by the Cox regression model. The nomogram was used to evaluate the prognostic significance of these parameters in ESCC. Finally, we used biological experiments to preliminary investigate the impact of ENO1 on the metastasis risk of ESCC.
Results
A total of 16 genetic modules were identified, and the brown module is considered the most relevant to tumor metastasis. (P = 0.02, R2 = 0.30). Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was performed to identify the hub nodes in the brown module. The univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that ENO1 and SUPT5H were independent prognostic factors. Expression data of ENO1 was pipelined along with patients’ clinic pathological data for nomogram construction 1-, and 2-OS forecasting. ENO1 gene was regarded as "real" hub genes for cancer metastasis risk. Low-expressed ENO1 inhibited migration and invasion of human ESCC cells in vitro. The mechanism may involve the Wnt signaling pathway and the influence of EMT.
Conclusion
ENO1 might be a novel metastasis risk biomarker for ESCC.
P2M: A Processing-in-Pixel-in-Memory Paradigm for Resource-Constrained TinyML Applications
Authors: Datta Gourav , Kundu Souvik , Yin Zihan , Lakkireddy Ravi Teja , Mathai Joe , Jacob Ajey , Beerel Peter , Jaiswal Akhilesh
Published: March 2022

The demand to process vast amounts of data generated from state-of-the-art high resolution cameras has motivated novel energy-efficient on-device AI solutions. Visual data in such cameras are usually captured in analog voltages by a sensor pixel array, and then converted to the digital domain for subsequent AI processing using analog-to-digital converters (ADC). Recent research has tried to take advantage of massively parallel low-power analog/digital computing in the form of near- and in-sensor processing, in which the AI computation is performed partly in the periphery of the pixel array and partly in a separate on-board CPU/accelerator. Unfortunately, high-resolution input images still need to be streamed between the camera and the AI processing unit, frame by frame, causing energy, bandwidth, and security bottlenecks. To mitigate this problem, we propose a novel Processing-in-Pixel-in-memory (P2M) paradigm, that customizes the pixel array by adding support for analog multi-channel, multi-bit convolution, batch normalization, and ReLU (Rectified Linear Units). Our solution includes a holistic algorithm-circuit co-design approach and the resulting P2M paradigm can be used as a drop-in replacement for embedding memory-intensive first few layers of convolutional neural network (CNN) models within foundry-manufacturable CMOS image sensor platforms. Our experimental results indicate that P2M reduces data transfer bandwidth from sensors and analog to digital conversions by ~21x, and the energy-delay product (EDP) incurred in processing a MobileNetV2 model on a TinyML use case for visual wake words dataset (VWW) by up to ~11x compared to standard near-processing or in-sensor implementations, without any significant drop in test accuracy.
Investigation Of The Topographic Relations Regarding the Clinical Anatomy Of Levator Scapulae Muscle
Authors: Kaya Seren , Karip Burak , Köse Özlem Öztürk , Balcıoğlu Hüseyin Avni , Keleş Papatya
Published: March 2022

Purpose: The levator scapula muscle is affected in cervical dystonia, myofascial pain syndrome, and it is a preferred muscle for tendon transfers and muscle flaps. There is no cadaveric study in the literature investigating the detailed anatomy of this clinically important muscle, including its topographic relationships and morphometric data. Therefore, our study aims to define the origins, insertions, innervations, topographic and morphological features of the muscle with cadaver dissections. Methods: Those features of the muscle with the surrounding nerves were determined by bilateral dissections on 7 cadavers (4 males, 3 females) belonging to the Department of Anatomy of the University of Health Sciences, Hamidiye Faculty of Medicine. The morphometric measurements of the muscle were evaluated in the SPSS program with nonparametric statistical analysis and correlation methods. Results: In the insertion region of the muscle, which starts with a 42.86% non-symmetrical attachment from different numbers of cervical vertebra, 66.66% m. found to be associated with serratus anterior. The origo width is 52.76 ± 7.89mm, with an average; insertion width 51.05 ± 5.25mm; axial length 124.64 ± 16.70mm; The width, thickness and distance of the widest part to the insertion were 36.57 ± 6.37, respectively; 9.14 ± 3.73; 54.97 ± 10.38 mm found. Conclusion: We anticipate that our current findings will increase anatomical knowledge about the levator scapula and provide support for anatomy education and clinical approaches such as muscle transfer, myotomy, denervation, dry needling, flap applications.
Dysregulation of lncRNA LINC00968 may contribute to the tumorigenesis of estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer
Authors: Arabpour Maedeh , Layeghi Sepideh Mehrpour , Majidzadeh-A Keivan , bazzaz Javad Tavakkoly , Mamivand Ali , Naghizadeh Mohammad Mehdi , Shakoori Abbas
Published: March 2022

Background: Estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer (BC) (luminal A and B subtypes) comprises up to 70% of all BC patients. LncRNAs can affect many biological and pathological processes, and dysregulation of them is related to human cancers. The potential role of lncRNA LINC00968 in ER+ BC is still unclear. Methods: We analyzed the LINC00968 expression across 44 paired luminal BC tissues from the TCGA-BRCA RNA sequencing dataset, and we used the GEPIA2 web server and GENEVESTIGATOR software, as well. The qRT-PCR assay was performed to confirm the LINC00968 expression in 71 paired luminal BC tissues and two luminal A cell lines (MCF7 and T47D). Moreover, to better understand the potential function of LINC00968 in luminal BC, multiple in silico data analyses have been done including co-expression, functional enrichment, and genetic alteration analyses. Results: The results of data analyses retrieved from BRCA dataset and databases revealed the significant downregulation of LINC00968 in luminal A and B BC. Also, the results of qRT-PCR in luminal BC tissues and cell lines confirmed the earlier data. LINC00968 expression was negatively associated with tumor stage and lymph node metastasis. Additionally, functional annotation analyses revealed that LINC00968 might be involved in vascular development and angiogenesis, extracellular matrix organization, and cell motility and migration. LINC00968 might have functions in some cancer-related signaling pathways, like the PPAR signaling pathway, small ligand GPCRs, etc. Conclusions: Our study found that LINC00968 may be a potential tumor suppressor gene in luminal BC. Downregulation of LINC00968 might promote tumorigenesis, invasion, and metastasis of luminal BC.
Identification of Key Genes Involved in Colorectal Cancer: A Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Lu Dongxue , Yan Jing , Liu Feng , Zou Kun , Liu Haixia , Zou Wei
Published: March 2022

Background: Colorectal cancer is the life-threatening tumor with the fourth highest incidence and fifth highest mortality worldwide, despite the unknown mechanism behind it.Methods: In this paper, the potential prognostic candidate biomarkers for colorectal cancer were tested by Bioinformatical analysis combined with the CRC clinical samples. It was from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) that three datasets (GSE32323, GSE44076 and GSE43078) were collected. With the limma and clusterProfifiler packages applied, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified and functional enrichment analysis was conducted. The Search Tool intended for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) database was employed to construct a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network, while the module analysis was carried out using Cytoscape. Subsequently, the online tool The Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA; http://gepia.cancer-pku.cn/index.html) was applied to conduct overall survival analysis, while prognostic candidate biomarkers were subject to a further analysis through the Oncomine database. Ultimately, 4 critical hub genes were chosen and validated for their expression among 9 patients with CRC diagnosis by means of reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). To evaluate the accuracy of prediction, time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was applied. Outcomes: In total, 547 DEGs were identified, inclusive of 475 downregulated and 72 upregulated genes which underwent significant enrichment over the course of cellular response to hypoxia, Positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade and Positive regulation of apoptotic process. The major pathways with enrichment were Pathways in cancer,PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,cGMP-PKG signaling pathway. After the extraction of critical modules from the PPI network, 10 hub genes were removed. These 10 hub genes are all up-regulated genes and are highly expressed in colorectal cancer. Survival analysis shows that only CCNB1 and CCNA2 are associated with the survival prognosis of colorectal cancer. Moreover, the expression levels of the 4 hub genes were consistent with the TCGA data sets. Briefly, the new hub genes identified in the present research will contribute to improving our understanding as to the molecular mechanisms of CRC carcinogenesis and progression, thus improving the chance to identify the suitable targets for detecting and treating CRC promptly.
“Es lo que te tocó”. Violencia y desigualdad en mujeres mayores rurales a lo largo del curso de vida
Authors: Flores Martínez Rosa María , Zamarripa Esparza Emma Alexandra , Mendoza Cárdenas Elizabeth
Published: March 2022

La violencia en las mujeres es un fenómeno complejo y de carácter multifactorial, sin embargo, es invisibilizado en el ámbito de lo privado, afectando a mujeres de distintas edades y contextos. El objetivo del presente analizar la conexión entre las condiciones de desigualdad y las experiencias de violencia en mujeres mayores rurales, vivenciadas a lo largo del curso de vida. Mediante el enfoque de curso de vida y la metodología cualitativa, se exploran las historias de vida de cuatro mujeres mayores habitantes de comunidades rurales de Durango (México), que a lo largo de su biografía han sido objeto de distintas formas de violencia, con un arraigado anclaje en las asimetrías de género. Los resultados muestran que las desigualdades de género vivenciadas desde edades tempranas de la vida tienen repercusiones inmediatas, pero también a largo plazo, traduciéndose en distintos tipos de violencia como un estado “normalizado” del “ser mujer”. Las conclusiones del estudio ponen en relieve la importancia de politizar y deconstruir las desigualdades y las relaciones de género.
Violencia de género desde la mirada de las niñas indígenas de Acaxochitlán
Authors: Durán González Rosa Elena , Mendoza Mendoza Silvia
Published: March 2022

Las niñas son testigos de la violencia de género, pero ellas mismas son receptoras de la violencia como parte de su formación para la vida adulta. Quizá las niñas no saben que su derecho a una vida libre de violencia está siendo incumplido, pero sí saben y sienten que sus hermanos varones tienen más tiempo para jugar, reciben mayores recursos y atenciones. Esta reflexión parte de testimonios de niñas en contexto indígena, quienes en grupos focales expresaron cómo son tratadas en su condición de niñas y en relación con los niños en los espacios de la familia, la escuela y la comunidad. Para el análisis, se parte de la perspectiva de género, especialmente desde el enfoque que sostiene que el sistema patriarcal construye y reproduce desigualdad de género en todos los ámbitos de la vida, sin importar condición social o etnia. Se corrobora que las niñas desde la primera infancia aprenden que ellas, sus hermanas, su madre y todas las mujeres que conocen están para atender a sus congéneres masculinos, sin que ello signifique algún reconocimiento o retribución; es decir, las niñas son formadas para aceptar el trato desigual en su familia, escuela y comunidad.
Violencias en la travesía. Expresiones gráficas de migrantes indocumentados en el norte de México
Authors: Jiménez-Yañez César , Martínez-Soto Yessica , Rosas-Martínez Priscila
Published: March 2022

Referirse a la migración indocumentada en el norte de México es hablar sobre violencias. Cada año miles de personas migran de forma irregular, iniciando su travesía desde el sur con rumbo hacia el norte montadas sobre un tren (la “bestia”) y arriesgando sus vidas en búsqueda de oportunidades de una mejor vida que sus lugares de origen no puede ofrecerles. Es en este recorrido que los migrantes deben enfrentarse a una serie de problemas, peligros, abusos y violencias que dan cuenta de una realidad palpable pero silenciada políticamente. El objetivo de nuestro trabajo es analizar la experiencia migratoria de migrantes indocumentados en el norte de México y su relación con las violencias vividas a través de dibujos y el análisis de sus elementos simbólicos más representativos; por lo que el presente artículo aborda el concepto de migración indocumentada y de violencia analizadas desde la discusión teórica y contrastadas con la experiencia de los propios migrantes y sus dibujos. La investigación se realizó en tres ciudades del norte de México y contó con la participación de 39 migrantes indocumentados quienes dibujaron lo que perciben por migración basados en sus experiencias. Los dibujos mostraron que el tránsito por México está marcado por diferentes formas de abuso, violencias y violaciones a los derechos humanos, estableciendo una paradoja social donde los buenos son los “malos” y los malos son los “buenos”.
Violencia de género en la Universidad: percepciones, actitudes y conocimientos desde la voz del estudiantado
Authors: Chapa Romero Ana Celia , Cadena Alvear Itzel , Almanza Avendaño Ariagor Manuel , Gómez San Luis Anel Hortensia
Published: March 2022

Las universidades son espacios públicos donde perviven y se reproducen desigualdades de género, manifestadas en discriminación, violencia epistémica, sexual y psicológica. En México, la violencia de género (VG) en estos espacios se ha visibilizado a partir de las movilizaciones de mujeres al interior de dichas instituciones, ellas han hecho evidente la impunidad y la falta de políticas para la atención, sanción y erradicación de esta problemática. El propósito del presente trabajo fue conocer las percepciones, actitudes y conocimientos de la VG en el estudiantado de cinco entidades académicas de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Para ello, se realizaron 10 grupos focales en donde participaron 46 mujeres y 44 hombres (N=90). Se realizó un análisis cualitativo de las reflexiones surgidas de estos grupos con el apoyo del software MAXQDA. Las categorías más relevantes que emergieron a partir del análisis fueron: 1) Cultura institucional del género, 2) Respuestas ante la VG, 3) Acciones ante la VG, 4) Mitos sobre VG y 5) Conocimiento sobre instancias de atención a la VG. Aunque se han implementado protocolos de atención en algunas universidades, aún hay rezagos en la visibilización del problema, así como la presencia de pactos patriarcales que favorecen un clima de impunidad, por lo que el derecho de las mujeres a la educación superior continúa obstaculizado.
El símbolo “mochica” de la etnia de los Pacasmayo, valle Jequetepeque, Perú (Siglos IV – VIII a.p.)
Authors: Deza Jaime
Published: March 2022

La existencia de estilos de decorado y formas de botellas y vasos de cerámica que se descubrieron, para la ciencia, originalmente en el valle de Moche, (Trujillo, La Libertad, Perú) (1900 a.p.) y posteriores descubrimientos en los valles de Nepeña, Chao, Virú, Chicama, Jequetepeque, Zaña, Lambayeque y Piura, implica que éstos habían conformado un estado unificado en la costa norte del Perú, con sede en el valle Moche, evolucionando a través de una secuencia cronológica de ocho siglos, que se configura con los cambios de su arte escultórico y pictográfico en su cerámica ritual. Tal supuesto, implica la existencia de una etnia dominante, propietaria del estado que subyugue a las demás etnias, ideológica, económica y las someta dentro de un territorio de conquista con ejércitos profesionales. Se recurre al método tradicional de observación directa, registro y comparación de piezas de cerámica, con dibujos en línea fina encontrados en restos de cementerios saqueados, en colecciones particulares y publicaciones referidas a la cultura mochica.
Optimization of damping pad distribution on body-in-white car structure
Authors: Sipos Dávid , Treszkai Marcell Ferenc , Feszty Dániel
Published: March 2022

Structure-born noise is one of the most important contributors to the interior noise in a vehicle cabin. This can be effectively reduced by placing damping pads with special material properties along the chassis and on the large, radiating panels. This paper proposes a new methodology for the optimization of placing these pads as a part of a full vehicle acoustic simulation in Actran Virtual SEA. With this new strategy, it was possible to reduce the among of damping pads on a real car structure by 33 % while keeping the same acoustic performance. This was validated by investigating the mean velocity of the floor panel in two load cases and compared to the original damping pad layout to the optimized one.
Paleomagnetism of the Ordovician section of the Mishina Gora (Pskov oblast): a record of the ancient geomagnetic field and restrictions on the age of the Mishinogorsk explosive structure
Authors:   Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth, Russian Academy of Science, Pavlov Vladimir E. ,   Kazan Federal University, Pasenko Aleksandr M. ,   Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth, Russian Academy of Science, Dronov Andrey V. ,   Kazan Federal University,   Geological Institute, Russian Academy of Science, Chernyshov Sergey P. ,   Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth, Russian Academy of Science
Published: March 2022

Paleomagnetic studies of the Ordovician rocks of the Mishina Gora explosive structure (Gdovsky district, Pskov region) have been carried out. Based on the results of thermal magnetic cleaning, two stable magnetization components S and P have been identified. These components have similar unblocking temperature ranges (~200–600°C), but their mean directions are statistically different the difference of their mean directions are statistically significant. Refional fold–test indicates the postfolding age of the component S and prefolding age of the component P. Prefolding age of the latter is supported by the positive result of the local fold-test which has been carried out in the scale of the studied section. Comparison of the paleomagnetic pole calculated from the S component with the Apparent Polar Wander Path for the East European Platform definitely indicates the Late Permian-Early Triassic age of this component, which, in combination with the available geological observations, determines the time range of the formation of the Mishina Gora structure as ~370-250 million years ago. The ancient component of the magnetization P has the same direction as the components, which have been identified earlier in a number of coeval sections of the North-West of Russia, Estonia, and Scandinavia and which have been considered to be primary. The corresponding paleomagnetic poles are widely used in Paleozoic geodynamic and tectonic paleoreconstructions with the participation of the Baltic paleocontinent. A positive fold test result for the P component validates the use of these poles for paleoreconstructions. For the stratigraphic interval, which includes the upper Floian, Dapinian, and lower 2/3 of the Darrivilian stages, a magnetostratigraphic section has been constructed containing a single magnetozone corresponding to the reverse polarity of the geomagnetic field. Thus, the magnetostratigraphic data do not support the hypothesis of the existence of intervals of normal polarity within the Ordovician geomagnetic superchron of reverse polarity (Moyero superchron).
Patterns of manifestation of faults of the Pechora-Kolvinsky aulacogen in the radon field
Authors:   Institute of Geology FRC Komi SC UB RAS, Ezimova Yuliya E. , Udoratin Valery V. ,   Institute of Geology FRC Komi SC UB RAS, Magomedova Aleksandra Sh. ,   Institute of Geology FRC Komi SC UB RAS
Published: March 2022

The article presents results of an express radon survey on the territory of the Pechora-Kozhvinsky and Kolvinsky megswells, which are part of the Pechora-Kolvinsky aulacogen. Radon studies were carried out along profiles across the large structure-forming faults, identified on the basis of seismic data. The results show that faults in the radon field correspond to areas with increased values of the radon volumetric activity. In the course of radon studies, main patterns of the manifestation of faults in the radon field were established. The faults may correspond to the maxima of volume activity of radon against the background of low values or to zones with a minimum concentration of radon. In addition, areas with abnormal radon concentrations not associated with known fractures were identified. The systems faults are characterized by wider radon anomalies or alternation of maxima and minima of radon volumetric activity along the profile. The maximum radon concentration is recorded in the fault zones that are closest to the surface, as well as in faults along which large amplitudes of vertical displacements are noted. Similar levels of radon concentration are observed within the normal faults and thrust faults, covered by sedimentary rocks. Most of the studied faults, according to the relative indicator of radon activity, belong to the group of high radon activity. The concentration of radon in the soil air within the faults varies both in the transverse and longitudinal directions. In some areas, the radon volumetric activity of at the same level at different times. This proves the existence of a constant radon flux. The main factors affecting the formation, transport to the surface, and accumulation of radon in the soil are the composition and depth of the basement, the internal structure of fault zones, the degree of porosity and fracturing of rocks and modern geodynamics of the region. Thus, radon survey as an additional method to other geophysical methods can be used to map faults and identify various blocks that differ in fluid-geochemical features.
Transformation of the spatial structure of crop production of Cuba at the end of XX - beginning of XXI centuries
Authors:   Institute of Tropical Geography, Marmol Fundora Elieser
Published: March 2022

Despite the fact that agriculture is one of the oldest economic activities, this industry is constantly in the process of transformation and the speed of these changes is growing. However, these transformations are taking place in diverse ways in different countries and regions of the Earth. The article examines changes in Cuban agriculture that occurred after 1990 in connection with the collapse of the USSR. The disappearance of the Soviet Union from the political map of the world was not the only reason for the beginning of transformations in the Cuban economy, but it became a trigger for reforms in all sectors of the national economic complex. As a starting point for the study, the development of the agricultural sector of Cuba until 1990 was analyzed and the principles of economic policy implemented in the country to overcome the crisis that arose in the industry in the 1990s. The article examines changes in the spatial specialization of crop production in Cuba in recent decades, for which the Localization coefficients of the cultivated areas. This coefficient was calculated for the main agricultural crops (sugar cane, bananas, citrus fruits, fruits, rice, short-cycle food crops and forage crops) and their dynamics for period 1989-2016. Since 1990, there has been a diversification of agriculture in Cuba with an increase in the importance of food crops. According to the results of the study, it can be concluded that the changes that have occurred in the structure of sown areas and their territorial distribution are associated with the need to provide the population of Cuba with food. This led to a reduction in the cultivation of export crops and changes in the specialization of agricultural production at the level of provinces.