Testy czucia głębokiego w diagnostyce stawów kolanowych
Authors:   Zespół Sanatoryjno-Szpitalny Rehabilitacji Narządu Ruchu „Gwarek”, Goczałkowice, Polska, Rottermund Jerzy , Michalak Grzegorz ,   Zespół Sanatoryjno-Szpitalny Rehabilitacji Narządu Ruchu „Gwarek”, Goczałkowice, Polska, Berska-Maślej Magdalena ,   Zespół Sanatoryjno-Szpitalny Rehabilitacji Narządu Ruchu „Gwarek”, Goczałkowice, Polska, Knapik Andrzej ,   Wydział Nauk o Zdrowiu w Katowicach, Śląski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Katowicach, Polska
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Improving the functions of the lower extremities in patients with degenerative diseases, after orthopedic surgeries and neurological and sports injuries, is inextricably linked with the stimulation of prioprioceptive sensation with neuromuscular control. The recovery of gait depends on deep sensation, alternatively known as proprioceptive sensation, and the mechanisms that control the muscles. The sensory processed information forces an appropriate reaction of the muscular system through the feedback system, controlled balance. An efficiently functioning sensory integration system enables gait re-education. The aim of the presented article is to point out the necessity to perform deep sensation tests in the knee joint during physiotherapy classes in patients with lower limb dysfunctions and after surgery. Material and methods: Deep sensibility includes feeling the position, movement and vibration of body parts, assessing their position in relation to each other and in space, both in motion and at rest. Deep sensation information comes from joint proprioreceptors, tendon muscles, while those found in the deeper layers of the skin and fascia have traditionally been viewed as complementary sources. Damage to deep sensation disorders in the knee joints manifests itself in many ways. The most commonly observed gait is deviating from the physiological one, lack of joint stabilization, muscle weakness or stiffness, and difficulty in determining the position of the limb. The paper presents selected tests of deep feeling, taking into account the ability to reproduce the position of the knee joint as well as the test of strength and speed of the performed movement. It was proposed to use a treadmill and a stabilometric platform in the diagnosis of proprioreception and the assessment of progress in the physiotherapeutic improvement of the lower limbs. Summary: The assessment of proprioceptive sensation is necessary when rehabilitating patients with lower limb dysfunctions, and in conjunction with other diagnostic tests, it will enable the focus of physiotherapeutic activities on the most important and most important from the point of view of the patient’s needs. When deep sensation deteriorates, you should immediately start performing the recommended physical exercises and daily activities, considering the contraindications and current motor abilities of the patient. Numerous impairments in the functions of the lower limbs, injuries and the necessity to perform surgical procedures in the society make it necessary to use reliable tests during the comprehensive rehabilitation. Proprioreception tests presented in the article are not only an element of diagnostics, but also an objective assessment of the rehabilitation carried out.