bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE LOGICAL ESSENCE OF ABDUCTION AS A METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION OF VERSIONS
Authors: Nevelska-Hordieieva Olena , Karnayshenko Sofiya
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to the study of the main points of abduction. Pierce's abduction is tried to be interpreted as a logical reasoning, which is responsible for creating explanatory hypotheses. Abduction - the search for a single factor that explains the causal phenomenon. the process of abduction consists of three stages: result - cause - explanation. Analysis of works of art shows that a number of considerations that have traditionally been considered deductive are abductions. Abduction is not used enough, as it remains unknown to both practitioners and scientists.
REFLECTION OF ELECTORAL CHOICE: MULTIPLICITY OF APPROACHES AND METHODS
Authors: Vladlenova Iliana , Smolyaga Marina
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to the study of electoral choice. It is proved that it is a complex phenomenon that requires a comprehensive study in the framework of different approaches, which are formed in behaviorism, postmodernism, cognitivism, moral and communicative philosophy. It has been shown that the study of electoral choice is related to the analysis of thought processes. Given the unrestricted dissemination of information and the growing role of irrational aspects, political behavior cannot be explained by the doctrine of rational choice alone.
THE CONCEPT OF «MANIPULATION»: ESSENCE AND CONTEXTS
Authors: Krikun Vitaly
Published: December 2022

The paper contains information about the essence of the manipulation as a technology of communicative influence, considers the main approaches to understanding the concept of «manipulation». It is proposed to consider the concept of «manipulation» in two aspects: physical (object of influence - things) and psychological (object of influence - consciousness). The concept of «benefit from the use of manipulative techniques» should be considered in the context of achieving the goals set by the subject of influence.
CRITICAL THINKING AS A MEANS OF RESISTANCE IN INFORMATION WAR
Authors: Kutsepal Svitlana
Published: December 2022

The article reveals the connotationof the key concepts “information war” and “critical thinking”. The study analyzes the features of information war as a manipulative technology and reveals the role of critical thinking tools (analysis, synthesis, interpretation) in counteraction to information sabotage. It has been proven that the process of information influence on public and individual consciousness is ambiguous – it can be either positive and contribute to raising the level of public awareness of urgent problems, or it can carry out information attacks with the aim of destructive influence on consciousness, cultivation of hatred and dispersal of the feeling of “treason”. It is argued that information manipulation affects the consciousness of a person through an avalanche of rumors, manipulations, and fakes, aimed at weakening and ultimately destroying the ability of self-identification and self-determination. This is an extremely dangerous situation that can lead to a state of disorientation if countermeasures are not used, one of which is the tools of critical thinking and fact-checking to evaluate information.
CHANGE IN NATIONAL SECURITY MARKERS IN OFFICIAL POLITICAL DISCOURSE: UKRAINIAN CONTEXT
Authors: Matsyshyna Iryna
Published: December 2022

Discourse analysis allows us to identify markers of change in values, which is a sign of democratic development. However, this does not mean a radical change in values, but rather their correlation with the economic, social, cultural dimensions of society. When it comes to national security as the value of the country, then here we can see the dichotomy of the collective “we” with the individualistic “I”. In democratic societies, the priority of national security is higher than the values of self-expression, while the authorities guarantee human rights and freedoms.

The study provides a theoretical analysis of the nature of official political discourse. The influence of discourse on the political system through the category of «security» is considered. At the first stage, the theoretical and methodological analysis is conducted in terms of social practice of G. Deleuze and M. Foucault. At the second stage, a comparative analysis of the concept of national security of Ukraine was conducted. At the third stage, markers of the value components of Ukraine’s national security were identified, which both presidents have used. This allowed us to understand the discourse practice of official political discourse as a strategy to influence the political system.
Performance of Canna indica and Typha latifolia in mono and mixed culture for secondary wastewater treatment in constructed wetlands with vertical flows under arid conditions (Touggourt, Algeria)
Authors: Zorai Ameur , Benzahi Khedidja , Labed Brahim , Ouakouak Abdelkader , Serraoui Mabrouk , Bouhoreira Abdelaziz
Published: December 2022

This work investigates three laboratory-scale vertical flow-constructed wetlands (VFCWs) for treating a secondary effluent of wastewater under arid conditions to investigate the efficiency of two plants Canna indica and Typha latifolia in mono and mixed culture. The VFCWs were operated under hydraulic load (0.057 m3/m2d) and 5 days retention time. The results indicated no significant differences (P > 0.05) between the mono and mixed cultures. The C. indica gives the best efficiency of pollutant removal as COD (71.34%), NO2− (69.34%), and PO43− (69.67%). The uptake of TSS (83.98%) was best in the case of mixed culture. The mean percentages of BOD5 were convergent for mono and mixed culture, and it exceeds 89.80% in mixed culture. The mean percentages in NH4+ (98.69%) in mixed culture, elimination of NO2−, and the increase in the concentration of NO3− in the treated effluent showed the presence of nitrification in the VFCWs units. The two plant species exhibit high efficiency in the elimination of pollution compared to the unplanted control, with a slight superiority in the mixed culture. Therefore, it can be concluded that the application of these plants can be effective in arid conditions.
Simulation of the sedimentation of a swirling flow of a rarefied granular medium in a cylindrical region by MP-PIC method
Authors:   Mavlyutov Institute of Mechanics, UFRC RAS, Ufa, Russia, Bashirova K.I.
Published: December 2022

The object of the study is the deposition of small particles in a cylindrical region, for the evaluation of which a model was built in the OpenFOAM package. Many studies show that the MP-PIC method is well suited for modeling the interaction of a granular medium with liquid and gas flows. In this paper, the applicability of the method to solve the problem is evaluated. In the process of studying sedimentation in a swirling stream, groups of particles of different diameters were considered. It is shown that the smaller the particles, the faster they are deposited on the walls of a cylindrical tube. On the contrary, larger and heavier particles fly a long distance along the tube, which is explained by the greater influence of the inert component compared to the Stokes force. To evaluate the results obtained, a series of calculations using different sizes of grids was carried out. Good comparability of the results is shown. Further comparison with experimental data is planned.
On the symmetries of the generalized Korteweg-de Vries equation
Authors:   Ufa State Aviation Technical University, Ufa, Babkov O.K. , Mukhametova G.Z.
Published: December 2022

The Korteweg–de Vries equation is a third–order nonlinear partial differential equation that plays an important role in the theory of nonlinear waves, mainly of hydrodynamic origin. It was first obtained by Joseph Boussinesq in 1877, but a detailed analysis was already carried out by Diederik Korteweg and Gustav de Vries in 1895. The Korteweg–de Vries equation, its analogues and generalizations arise in mathematical models in a variety of subject areas. There are at least several thousand publications in which the Korteweg–de Vries equation is considered from one side or another, and the authors are aware of the impossibility of writing at least a simple list listing these publications. Nevertheless, it is possible to mention, for example, The paper considers some generalization of the Korteweg–de Vries equation obtained by introducing an arbitrary function with respect to which a group classification is performed. The admissible operators of the generalized Korteweg–de Vries equation, the basic algebra of admissible operators and possible cases of extension of the algebra of admissible operators for a coefficient function of a special kind are found. Tables of commutators of the obtained algebras are also calculated. At the same time, the fact of isomorphism of admissible algebras in two different cases of specification of the function-coefficient of the generalized Korteweg–de Vries equation is noted. It is shown that the maximum possible dimension of the algebra of admissible operators is equal to four and corresponds to the almost classical Korteweg–de Vries equation with a possible additional linear term. In all other cases, if the resulting algebra of admissible operators and extends, then to a three-dimensional Lie algebra.
Analisis Inverse Pulse Position Modulation OFDM pada Komunikasi Ultra Wideband
Authors: Palupi Lucky Nindya , Winarno Totok
Published: December 2022

Peningkatkan keandalan sistem multiband orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MB-OFDM) ultra-wideband (UWB) dengan memanfaatkan waktu bersama dan demodulasi domain frekuensi diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kinerja. Modulasi posisi pulsa terbalik (I-PPM) terinspirasi dari sistem pulse-OFDM dan lebih lanjut mengambil keuntungan dari posisi pulsa terbalik untuk modulasi domain waktu. Ini diterapkan setelah IFFT dengan membagi jumlah subcarrier untuk mengurangi kompleksitas dan konsumsi daya pada transceiver Dibandingkan dengan demodulasi domain frekuensi konvensional dalam OFDM, equalizer 2D yang diusulkan tidak hanya dapat mencapai probabilitas kesalahan bit (BEP) yang jauh lebih andal, tetapi juga menikmati rasio daya puncak-rata-rata (PAPR) yang sebanding melalui simulasi numerik. Di bawah kanal white Gaussian noise (AWGN) aditif, equaliser 2D (EGCt selektif + EGCf) dapat menghemat sekitar 6 dB dan 4 dB dibandingkan dengan equalizer 1D, domain frekuensi MRC dan EGC, masing-masing pada BER = 10-3. Selanjutnya, di bawah saluran fading Rayleigh, Equaliser 2D (EGCt dan MRCf selektif) mengungguli equalizer 1D, domain frekuensi MRC, sekitar 3,5 dB pada BER = 10-3. Teknik I-PPM MIMO OFDM dapat mencapai kinerja PAPR yang sebanding serta sistem transceiver antena tunggal.
Kajian Evaluasi Genangan Menggunakan Metode SWMM (Storm Water Management Model) di Daerah Jalan Soekarno Hatta (RS UB Hingga Patung Pesawat), Kota Malang
Authors: Fajri Novansyah , Andawayanti Ussy , Lufira Rahmah Dara
Published: December 2022

Soekarno Hatta Streets is located at Malang City, East Java Region at risk of flood. The population growth, regional development, and flat topography cause the drainage channelâ€™s capacity inadequate for precipitation. This study is necessary to analyze the rainfall discharge with return period of 2 years (R2). Then, analyze the existing drainage channelâ€™s capacity ability by modeling with help of the application EPA SWMM 5.1. After gaining the report of the model, there should be an evaluation of the existing drainage channel. J10 and J17 are the channels that need to be evaluated because those channels have inadequate capacity or overflow. The report shows that the flood discharge in J10 and J17 are 1,728m3/s and 0,358 m3/s. Accordingly to those conditions, the proper dimension for J10 and J17 channels are using a box culvert with dimensions 0,8 m and 0,6 m. The cost estimate for those constructions is Rp. 660.883.000,00.Jalan Soekarno Hatta yang berlokasi di Kota Malang, Provinsi Jawa Timur merupakan salah satu pusat kota yang sering terjadi genangan. Pertumbuhan penduduk dan perkembangan wilayah serta kondisi topografi yang cukup datar, menyebabkan kapasitas saluran drainase yang sudah ada tidak dapat menampung presipitasi yang tidak terinfiltrasi ke dalam tanah. Pada studi ini, diperlukan untuk menganalisis Intensitas Hujan Rancangan dengan kala ulang 2 tahun (R2). Kemudian menganalisis kemampuan kapasitas tampungan saluran drainase existing dengan memodelkan pada Aplikasi EPA SWMM 5.1. Setelah mendapatkan informasi dari pemodelan tersebut, maka diperlukan evaluasi terhadap saluran drainase existing. Saluran yang tidak memiliki kapasitas tampungan yang cukup atau meluap, akan didesain ulang dimensinya sebagaimana yang terjadi pada saluran J10 dan J17. Pada saluran J10 didapat debit luapan yang terjadi yaitu 1,728Â m3/dt dan pada saluran J17 sebesar 0,358 m3/dt. Maka, diperlukannya evaluasi dimensi saluran pada J10 dan J17 dengan menggunakan box culvert dan dari masing â€“ masing box culvert tersebut 0,8 m dan 0,6 m. Estimasi anggaran biaya yang diperlukan untuk pembangunan tersebut sebesar Rp. 660.883.000,00.
Association between nutritional therapy and complications in patients diagnosed with COVID-19 followed in the state of Pernambuco
Authors: Almeida Karine Maria Moreira , Dourado Keila Fernandes , Barros Neto João Araújo , Rodrigues Isa Galvão , Arcoverde Gabriela Maria Floro Pereira , Petribú Marina de Moraes Vasconcelos
Published: December 2022

Objective: To analyze the association between nutritional therapy and complications in patients diagnosed with COVID-19 followed in Pernambuco. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted to investigate secondary data from multicenter research from June 2020 to June 2021. Patients of both sexes over 18 years old were hospitalized for COVID-19 in wards or intensive care units of eight hospitals. Sociodemographic and economic data, nutritional status, nutritional therapy, gastrointestinal complications, and clinical outcome were collected during admission and at the end of hospitalization. Results: The sample consisted of 272 patients, with a median age of 67 years (IQR 54 - 76), equally distributed between men and women (50.4% vs. 49.6%). A higher frequency of overweight/obesity (40.31%) was observed. The most frequent alterations were inappetence (12.88%) and dysgeusia (8.28%). It was observed that 84.6% received an early diet, the caloric adequacy varied between 72.1% and 60.7%, the oral route between 82.4% and 70.7%, the majority (58%) received up to 1.3 g of protein per day, and 46.7% died. Caloric adequacy was associated with dysgeusia (p = 0.040) and clinical outcome (p = 0.044) and tended to be associated with vomiting (p = 0.077). No association was found with proteins. Conclusion: Nutritional therapy is associated with gastrointestinal symptoms such as vomiting and dysgeusia and the clinical outcome of patients with COVID-19.
Pathophysiological Linkage between Aging and Cognitive Decline: Implications for Dementia Treatment
Authors: D'Arrigo Joseph
Published: December 2022

The cardiovascular risk factors for dementia trigger widespread inflammation and oxidative stress. These two interacting processes lead to neurodegeneration, gradual cognitive/memory decline, and eventually (late-onset) dementia. In addition, there is supporting evidence pointing to elevated pulse pressure as a clear risk factor for cognitive decline. Accordingly, an effective therapeutic strategy to delay dementia could be based upon nanotargeting bioactive molecules, using lipid nanocarriers, toward cell-surface scavenger receptors. The resulting nanocarrier therapeutic is likely to be "multitasking", i.e., be capable of entering various target cells. Such targeting behavior of this proposed therapeutic appears likely to provide enhanced efficacy at different stages of dementia.
Trazabilidad en el cacao de La Cordillera nariñense
Authors: Cañar Serna Dubert Yamil , Tibaduiza Castañeda Leidy Patricia , Sepúlveda Forero José Luis , Meneses Buitrago Diego Hernán , Cadena Pastrana Álvaro Mauricio
Published: December 2022

Hoy en día, la trazabilidad es una herramienta valiosa para solucionar problemas de seguridad y confianza entre las organizaciones de productores y el cliente final, pues el mercado es cada vez más exigente en los atributos de calidad del producto y su información, en un mundo globalizado conectado con la ciencia, la tecnología y la innovación. Este manual comparte una experiencia de una organización de productores como agentes de cambio en torno a su sistema de producción de semilla y grano de cacao en La Cordillera nariñense. Allí, a partir de los principios de la investigación participativa, se logró aplicar el potencial de este tipo de herramientas digitales de trazabilidad, para ampliar la eficiencia y eficacia en la gestión, administración y operatividad del flujo de información generada en la cadena de abastecimiento y logística (planta clonal, obtención del grano, producto terminado, entre otros procesos y subproductos). La aplicación de la trazabilidad mejoró notablemente el nivel de satisfacción del cliente gracias al aumento de la calidad del producto entregado. Así mismo, esta publicación recoge las recomendaciones mínimas para el diseño e implementación de la trazabilidad a la medida de la organización de productores o de productores individuales para obtener semilla o grano de cacao con atributos de calidad. Dichas recomendaciones, están dadas de acuerdo con el marco normativo vigente dispuesto por las entidades de control y están orientadas a que el inventario final cumpla con los atributos e indicadores de producción de calidad propuestos al inicio del proceso, desde la integración de las Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones (TIC).
Overcoming Access Barriers for Veterans: Cohort Study of the Distribution and Use of Veterans Affairs’ Video-Enabled Tablets Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Dhanani Zainub , Ferguson Jacqueline M , Van Campen James , Slightam Cindie , Jacobs Josephine C , Heyworth Leonie , Zulman Donna
Published: December 2022

Background

During the COVID-19 pandemic, as health care services shifted to video- and phone-based modalities for patient and provider safety, the Veterans Affairs (VA) Office of Connected Care widely expanded its video-enabled tablet program to bridge digital divides for veterans with limited video care access.

Objective

This study aimed to characterize veterans who received and used US Department of VA–issued video-enabled tablets before versus during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

We compared sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of veterans who received VA-issued tablets during 6-month prepandemic and pandemic periods (ie, from March 11, 2019, to September 10, 2019, and from March 11, 2020, to September 10, 2020). Then, we examined characteristics associated with video visit use for primary and mental health care within 6 months after tablet shipment, stratifying models by timing of tablet receipt.

Results

There was a nearly 6-fold increase in the number of veterans who received tablets in the pandemic versus prepandemic study periods (n=36,107 vs n=6784, respectively). Compared to the prepandemic period, tablet recipients during the pandemic were more likely to be older (mean age 64 vs 59 years), urban-dwelling (24,504/36,107, 67.9% vs 3766/6784, 55.5%), and have a history of housing instability (8633/36,107, 23.9% vs 1022/6784, 15.1%). Pandemic recipients were more likely to use video care (21,090/36,107, 58.4% vs 2995/6784, 44.2%) and did so more frequently (5.6 vs 2.3 average encounters) within 6 months of tablet receipt. In adjusted models, pandemic and prepandemic video care users were significantly more likely to be younger, stably housed, and have a mental health condition than nonusers.

Conclusions

Although the COVID-19 pandemic led to increased distribution of VA-issued tablets to veterans with complex clinical and social needs, tablet recipients who were older or unstably housed remained less likely to have a video visit. The VA’s tablet distribution program expanded access to video-enabled devices, but interventions are needed to bridge disparities in video visit use among device recipients.
An Assessment of How Clinicians and Staff Members Use a Diabetes Artificial Intelligence Prediction Tool: Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Liaw Winston R , Ramos Silva Yessenia , Soltero Erica G , Krist Alex , Stotts Angela L
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND

Nearly one-third of patients with diabetes are poorly controlled (hemoglobin A1c≥9%). Identifying at-risk individuals and providing them with effective treatment is an important strategy for preventing poor control.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to assess how clinicians and staff members would use a clinical decision support tool based on artificial intelligence (AI) and identify factors that affect adoption.

METHODS

This was a mixed methods study that combined semistructured interviews and surveys to assess the perceived usefulness and ease of use, intent to use, and factors affecting tool adoption. We recruited clinicians and staff members from practices that manage diabetes. During the interviews, participants reviewed a sample electronic health record alert and were informed that the tool uses AI to identify those at high risk for poor control. Participants discussed how they would use the tool, whether it would contribute to care, and the factors affecting its implementation. In a survey, participants reported their demographics; rank-ordered factors influencing the adoption of the tool; and reported their perception of the tool’s usefulness as well as their intent to use, ease of use, and organizational support for use. Qualitative data were analyzed using a thematic content analysis approach. We used descriptive statistics to report demographics and analyze the findings of the survey.

RESULTS

In total, 22 individuals participated in the study. Two-thirds (14/22, 63%) of respondents were physicians. Overall, 36% (8/22) of respondents worked in academic health centers, whereas 27% (6/22) of respondents worked in federally qualified health centers. The interviews identified several themes: this tool has the potential to be useful because it provides information that is not currently available and can make care more efficient and effective; clinicians and staff members were concerned about how the tool affects patient-oriented outcomes and clinical workflows; adoption of the tool is dependent on its validation, transparency, actionability, and design and could be increased with changes to the interface and usability; and implementation would require buy-in and need to be tailored to the demands and resources of clinics and communities. Survey findings supported these themes, as 77% (17/22) of participants somewhat, moderately, or strongly agreed that they would use the tool, whereas these figures were 82% (18/22) for usefulness, 82% (18/22) for ease of use, and 68% (15/22) for clinic support. The 2 highest ranked factors affecting adoption were whether the tool improves health and the accuracy of the tool.

CONCLUSIONS

Most participants found the tool to be easy to use and useful, although they had concerns about alert fatigue, bias, and transparency. These data will be used to enhance the design of an AI tool.
Moderating Effect of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Use on the Association Between Sexual Risk Behavior and Perceived Risk of HIV Among Brazilian Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex With Men: Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Blair Kevin James , Torres Thiago S , Hoagland Brenda , Bezerra Daniel R B , Veloso Valdilea G , Grinsztejn Beatriz , Clark Jesse , Luz Paula M
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND

Gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM) with a higher perceived risk of HIV are more aware of and willing to use pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). PrEP is an effective HIV prevention strategy, but there is a lack of data on how PrEP use might moderate the relationship between sexual risk behavior and perceived risk of HIV. Moreover, most studies measure perceived risk of HIV via a single question.

OBJECTIVE

We estimated the moderating effect of PrEP use on the association between sexual risk behavior and perceived risk of HIV, measured with the 8-item Perceived Risk of HIV Scale (PRHS), among Brazilian MSM.

METHODS

A cross-sectional, web-based survey was completed by Brazilian Hornet app users aged ≥18 years between February and March 2020. We included data from cisgender men who reported sex with men in the previous 6 months. We evaluated the moderating effect of current PrEP use on the association between sexual risk behavior, measured via the HIV Incidence Risk Index for MSM (HIRI-MSM), and perceived risk of HIV, measured by the PRHS. Higher HIRI-MSM (range 0-45) and PRHS (range 10-40) scores indicate greater sexual behavioral risk and perceived risk of HIV, respectively. Both were standardized to z scores for use in multivariable linear regression models.

RESULTS

Among 4344 cisgender MSM, 448 (10.3%) were currently taking PrEP. Current PrEP users had a higher mean HIRI-MSM score (mean 21.0, SD 9.4 vs mean 13.2, SD 8.1; P<.001) and a lower mean PRHS score (mean 24.6, SD 5.1 vs mean 25.9, SD 4.9; P<.001) compared to those not currently taking PrEP. In the multivariable model, greater HIRI-MSM scores significantly predicted increased PRHS scores (β=.26, 95% CI 0.22-0.29; P<.001). PrEP use moderated the association between HIRI-MSM and PRHS score (interaction term β=–.30, 95% CI –0.39 to –0.21; P<.001), such that higher HIRI-MSM score did not predict higher PRHS score among current PrEP users.

CONCLUSIONS

Our results suggest current PrEP users have confidence in PrEP’s effectiveness as an HIV prevention strategy. PrEP’s effectiveness, positive psychological impact, and the frequent HIV testing and interaction with health services required of PrEP users may jointly influence the relationship between sexual risk behavior and perceived risk of HIV among PrEP users.
Vārdu skolas izteicienu valodnieciskie aspekti
Authors:   Āzijas studiju nodaļa, Humanitāro zinātņu fakultāte, Latvijas Universitāte, Baltgalve Agita
Published: December 2022

Raksts iepazīstina lasītājus ar vienu no ķīniešu tradicionālās domas novirzieniem – vārdu skolu (ming jia 名家). Tādas mācības kā, piem., daoisms un konfūcisms, ir plaši pazīstamas, bet vārdu skola ir mazāk zināma. Parasti šīs mācības idejas tiek pētītas filozofijas kontekstā, attiecinot uz loģiku un sofismu. Bet, pēc raksta autores domām, vārdu skolas pārstāvjus var uzskatīt par ķīniešu pirmajiem valodniekiem. Senajā Ķīnā netika izdalīta un atsevišķi pētīta valodniecības nozare un viņi bija pirmie, kuri pievērsās valodnieciskai teikumu un jēdzienu analīzei, diskutējot par jautājumiem, kas saistīti ar teikumu struktūru, vārdu nozīmi un hieroglifu formu. Tādējādi pētījuma mērķis ir atlasīt un detalizēti aplūkot tos vārdu skolas domātāju izteicienus, kuros parādās lingvistiskas iezīmes. Pētījumā izmantota semantiskas un semiotiskas analīzes pieeja, tulkojot izvēlētus oriģināltekstu fragmentus un skaidrojot atsevišķu izteicienu gramatiskās formas un hieroglifiskās rakstības īpatnības. Nepieciešamības gadījumā tiek pievērsta uzmanība arī vārdu un hieroglifu etimoloģijai. Raksts ir sadalīts piecās nodaļās. Vispirms tiek īsi raksturota ķīniešu valodniecības un vārdu skolas vēsturiskā attīstība. Pēc tam seko skolas nosaukuma un galveno domātāju izteicienu lingvistiska analīze. Pēdējā daļā ir dots vārdu skolas filozofijas izvērtējums salīdzinājumā ar citu ķīniešu klasiskās filozofijas pārstāvju idejām. Secinājumi parāda, ka vārdu skolas domātāju disputu pamatmērķis galvenokārt attiecas uz filozofiju un kognitīvo loģiku, tomēr tajos neapzinātā formā atklājas arī valodnieciskie aspekti un analīze. Ķīniešu tradicionālās domas kontekstā šīs idejas nav populāras, jo neatklāj dziļu jēgu un sabiedrībai noderīgu morāli. Tomēr daudzos vārdu skolas domātāju izteicienos vērojamas atsauces uz morfoloģiju, etimoloģiju, semiotiku, semantiku un gramatiku. Šie un citi jēdzieni tajā laikā Ķīnā vēl nepastāv. Tie rodas tikai 19.–20. gs. Rietumu zinātņu ietekmē un ir joprojām aktuāli mūsdienu ķīniešu valodniecības teorijā.
Nomina declinare et verba in primis pueri sciant: labas valodas pamati antīko teorētiķu skatījumā
Authors:   Klasiskās filoloģijas nodaļa, Humanitāro zinātņu fakultāte, Latvijas Universitāte, Bērziņa Gita , Rūmniece Ilze
Published: December 2022

Eiropas kultūrvēstures antīkajā posmā svarīgo un cienījamo nodarbju – oratora, valstsvīra, protams, arī dzejas vai prozas autora – karjerā derēja tikai labi apzināta un tādējādi arī izkopta valoda. Gan grieķu, gan romiešu valodas un stila teorētiķu tekstos jēdziens „laba, pareiza valoda” ir viens (pirmais) no četriem parametriem, kuri raksturo labu vārdisko izteiksmi kopumā. Pārējie trīs parametri ir: skaidrība, atbilstība jeb iederīgums, sakārtotība jeb skaistums. Skaidrs, ka divi pirmie parametri visnotaļ balstīti zināšanās par valodas sistēmas elementiem un to savstarpējo mijiedarbi, veidojot izteikumu mutiskā vai rakstītā tekstā. Izpratne par lingvistikas (mūslaiku nozīmē) jautājumiem grieķu–romiešu kultūrlaikos veidojusies filozofiskās, rētoriskās un gramatiskās domas mijiedarbības vidē; arī hronoloģiski – minētajā secībā. Senie teksti un konteksti atklāj valodas sistēmas izzināšanu un apzinātu izpratni par tās elementiem kā priekšnoteikumu valodas iespējami veiksmīgākam lietojumam, nodrošinot izvairīšanos no kļūdām. Apskatot un kopsavelkot svarīgāko informāciju no antīko avotu materiāla, iespējams sazīmēt paralēles ar mūsdienu problemātiku, kad nereti nākas atgādināt un uzsvērt valodas sistēmas elementu izzināšanas lomu valodas apguves un lietošanas procesā.
Modālie darbības vārdi Ērģemes izloksnē
Authors:   Latviešu valodas institūts, Latvijas Universitāte, Daina Anete
Published: December 2022

Ērģemes izloksne ir vidus dialekta Vidzemes vidus izloksne un viena no vairāk izpētītajām latviešu valodas izloksnēm gan fonētikas un morfoloģijas, gan arī leksikas aspektā, taču atsevišķa uzmanība tieši modālo darbības vārdu lietojumam nav pievērsta. Rakstā veikts ieskats un analizēts modālo darbības vārdu varēt, drīkstēt, gribēt, vajadzēt lietojums no izteikto modālo nozīmju skatpunkta epistēmiskās un deontiskās modalitātes kontekstā, kā arī aplūkotas to fonētiskās un gramatiskās iezīmes. Minētie darbības vārdi rakstā aplūkoti konstrukcijā ar patstāvīgā darbības vārda nenoteiksmi, taču tie var tikt lietoti arī kā pilnnozīmes darbības vārdi un būt patstāvīgi izteicēji. Analizējot modālos darbības vārdus, jāņem vērā arī to lietojums noliegumā, tāpēc rakstā modalitātes un nolieguma attieksmes aplūkotas noliegta modālā darbības vārda gadījumā, taču noliegta var būt arī darbības vārda nenoteiksme, kuru modificē modālais darbības vārds. Modālo darbības vārdu analīzei izmantoti piemēri no 20. gs. vidū vāktiem un fonētiski transkribētiem izloksnes materiāliem. Raksta autore modalitātes un modālo darbības vārdu pētniecībai līdz šim pievērsusies jau vairākos diskursos (piem., interneta komentāros, publicistikā, latviešu valodas tekstu korpusos, prezidentu runās), kur tie aplūkoti citu modalitātes izteikšanas līdzekļu starpā. Izloksnes materiāls par pētījuma avotu izvēlēts, lai turpinātu gūt vispusīgu ieskatu modālo darbības vārdu lietojumā, savukārt tieši Ērģemes izloksne izvēlēta, jo raksta autore tās pētniecībai no dažādiem aspektiem pievērsusies arī iepriekš.
Lithuanian academic phrase usage in bachelor’s theses of five main fields of science
Authors:   Institute of Applied Linguistics, Faculty of Philology, Vilnius University, Judžentytė-Šinkūnienė Gintarė , Zubaitienė Vilma
Published: December 2022

The aim of this study is to discuss Lithuanian academic phrase usage in students’ writings of five main fields of science: Biomedical sciences (B000), Physical sciences (P000), Human sciences (H000), Social sciences (S000), and Technology-engineering (T000). The research is based on material collected from data corpus that was constructed for the project “Phraseme research in student writing and interactive list of phrasemes”. Lithuanian researchers have so far focused on automatic identification of Lithuanian multi-word expressions, as well as on preparation of general corpora or databases and lists of collocations. While English- and German-speaking students can use specific lists of academic words, phrases, and online academic phrase banks, as well as training (learning) platforms that help to write research articles, to date, just one similar interactive tool has been established in Lithuania. The study will focus on discussing the most frequently used academic words and phrases and their types. Firstly, phrases will be classified according to the structural parts of the research text: introduction, sources of delivery, description of methodology, presentation of results, discussion, and conclusions (cf. Swales 1990, 2004). Next, the research relies on Hyland, 2008a classification of functions of lexical bundles, with the focus on research-oriented lexical bundles. At the end of the research, a variety of phrases will be analysed.
Use of posture verbs in old Lithuanian writings: A case study of the verb gulėti ‘lieʼ
Authors:   Department of Lithuanian Language, Institute of Applied Linguistics, Faculty of Philology, Vilnius University, Kuliešienė Agnė
Published: December 2022

This paper reports on constructions with the posture verb gulėti ʻlieʼ in religious Lithuanian writings of the 16th–19th centuries. The aim of the current study is to offer an overview of the use of these constructions and their grammaticalization potential in the old Lithuanian language. 662 samples were selected from “Evangelijos bei Epistolos” by Bartholomäus Willent, “Ewangelie Polskie y Litewskie” by Jonas Jaknavičius, “Naujos maldų knygelės” and “Naujos giesmių knygos” by Daniel Klein, Johann Jakob Quandt’s Bible and “Naujas įstatymas” by Juozapas Arnulfas Giedraitis. The website “Senieji raštai” (“The old Lithuanian writings”) of the Research Centre of Written Heritage, the Institute of the Lithuanian Language, was utilised to explore the old writings; the constructions were extracted using the search engine of the website. To analyse the semantics of these constructions, the FrameNet system was used. First, the theoretical approach of this study is discussed, and the sources and methods applied are indicated, then, the semantic analysis of the posture verb gulėti ʻlieʼ is presented and finally, its grammaticalization potential is examined, followed by conclusions.
A descriptive framework for evaluative morphology resources
Authors:   Faculty of Translation Studies, Ventspils University of Applied Sciences, Calvo Rafael Martín
Published: December 2022

A thorough review of contemporary evaluative morphology (EM) research shows that descriptions of the EM resources available to languages tend to be unsystematic and lacking in thoroughness, given the absence of an established descriptive framework. The aim of this study is to propose a framework for the systematic description of the EM resources of natural languages. The discussion is structured according to various productivity indicators attested in the construction of evaluative forms (EVALs). The study reviews a previous proposal by Körtvélyessy (2015a), addressing some perceived shortcomings and expanding its scope. Notably, the proposed framework includes a description of a) all morphological processes involved in EVAL-formation, b) the availability of different word classes as bases in EVAL-formation, c) a set of semantic features for the dynamic interpretation of EVALs, and d) the recursive possibilities of evaluative markers. Aside from the description of EM resources, the proposed framework also suggests procedures for their numerical quantification, to obtain measurable indicators that may be further used in contrastive, typological and areal EM research.
Multilingvālais mikslis diasporā: latviešu valoda mijiedarbībā ar vācu valodu
Authors:   Ziemeļeiropas un Baltijas valstu valodu nodaļa, Johannesa Gūtenberga Maincas universitāte, Trūpa Sarmīte
Published: December 2022

Raksta pamatā ir 15 kvalitatīvo interviju dati, kas iegūti 2021. gada sākumā, aptaujājot Vācijā dzīvojošus latviešu emigrantus, t. s. jauno diasporu, kura veidojusies pēdējo trīsdesmit gadu laikā. Interviju mērķis bija noskaidrot latviešu jaunās diasporas, kas dzīvo ārpus Latvijas, lingvistisko attieksmi un uzvedību. Raksts veltīts atsevišķu aspektu iztirzāšanai, kas saistīti ar valodas koda maiņu (code-switching), koda jaukšanu (code-mixing) un koda variēšanu (translanguaging). Sevišķi bieži šīs parādības novērojamas tieši diasporā dzīvojošo savstarpējā komunikācijā, jo kopiena ikdienā lieto vismaz divas valodas – dzimto, ģimenes, resp., mājas, valodu (latviešu valoda) un dominējošo vides valodu (vācu valoda). Atkarībā no aptaujāto personu vecuma un valodu un kultūru pieredzes šinī procesā var būt iesaistīta arī krievu, angļu vai vēl kāda cita valoda.
Lithuanian and Latvian laterals: Comparison of acoustic properties
Authors:   Institute of the Lithuanian Language, Urbanavičienė Jolita , Taperte Jana
Published: December 2022

The aim of the paper is to examine how acoustic contrast manifests itself between /l/ and /ʎ/ in Latvian, as well as /l/ and /lʲ/ in Lithuanian. For the study, speech recordings of 6 adult informants (3 Lithuanian and 3 Latvian male speakers) have been analysed. Initial and final laterals in closed symmetric [l]V[l] sequences and intervocalic syllable-initial laterals in V[l]V sequences have been examined. During the analysis, the focus is placed mainly on locus equations, as well as changes in formant structure (especially F1 and F2) triggered by position and vocalic context. Acoustic data demonstrates differences in coarticulation effects between Latvian palatal /ʎ/ and Lithuanian palatalized /lʲ/. The formant structure of /ʎ/ and /lʲ/, unlike the corresponding non-palatal laterals, is more stable and less dependent on the quality of adjacent vowels. Vowel context affects the degree of palatalization, e. g. palatalized [lʲ] next to [ɪ], [iː] and [eː] is pronounced “softer” than next to [ɔ̟], [o̟ː], [ʊ̟], and [u̟ː]. Latvian /ʎ/ is characterized by a more stable vowel F2 locus, which indicates higher degree of coarticulatory resistance to vowel effects; the quality of /lʲ/, on the contrary, depends more on vowel context. The same is true (although to lesser degree) for the Lithuanian /l/. The assumption about the similarity of Latvian non-palatal /l/ and Lithuanian palatalized /lʲ/ is only partly supported by the recent data. In terms of the degree of coarticulation (indicated by slope values of locus equations), Latvian /l/ is closer to Lithuanian /lʲ/, while its formant structure, especially low F2, brings it closer to Lithuanian /l/.
Par Lībiešu krasta (Līvõd rānda) iedzīvotāju runāto tāmnieku izloksni
Authors:   Latvijas Universitātes Latviešu valodas institūts, Vēvere Daira
Published: December 2022

Publikācijā analizēta 24 Kurzemes lībiešu vai to pēcteču runa, kam abi vai viens no vecākiem ir lībiešu izcelsmes un kas lielāko daļu savas dzīves pavadījuši Lībiešu krasta ciemos: Mazirbē, Košragā, Pitragā, Kolkā, Melnsilā u. c. Pētījuma pamatā ir informantu runas dati, kas ierakstīti laikā no 20. gs. 80. gadiem līdz 2019. gadam. Teicēji iedalāmi šādās grupās: 1) tie, kas lībiešu valodā ir runājuši; 2) tie, kas paši lībiešu valodā nerunā, bet ir dzīvojuši vidē, kur tā tikusi runāta, un lielākoties to saprot; 3) lībiešu valodā nerunā, kā arī to nesaprot. Kaut arī pētījumā apstiprinājies, ka lībiešu vai to pēcteču runātā tāmnieku izloksne sastāv no tādām lībiskā dialekta īpatnībām kā labializācija, gala zilbju redukcija, patskaņu, divskaņu un līdzskaņu pārveidojumi, 3. personas verbu formu un vīriešu dzimtes formu vispārināšana, tomēr detalizētāka runas parādību analīze rāda, ka Lībiešu krastā runātā tāmnieku izloksne nav tik spēcīga, kāda tā ir dziļo tāmnieku izlokšņu areālā, sevišķi, Dundagā un Ancē, vēl precīzāk – pētījuma rezultāti liecina, ka tā vairāk līdzinās nedziļajām tāmnieku izloksnēm un tās īpatnības ir vairāk tuvinātas literārajai valodai.
Priekšvārdi
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte, Kalnača Andra
Published: December 2022

Latvijas Universitātes Humanitāro zinātņu fakultātes Latvistikas un baltistikas nodaļas rakstu krājumā „Valoda: nozīme un forma 13. Gramatika un valodas prasme” apkopoti piecpadsmit tematiski vienoti pētījumi. Pieci no tiem tapuši uz LU HZF Latvistikas un baltistikas nodaļas rīkotās 56. profesora Artura Ozola dienas starptautiskās zinātniskās konferences „Gramatika un valodas apguve” (18.–19.03.2021. LU HZF) referātu pamata. Pārējie desmit raksti ir dažādi ar valodas (vai vairāku valodu) prasmi un dažādiem gramatikas aspektiem (t. sk. fonētiku) saistīti pētījumi gan sinhroniskā un diahroniskā, gan sociolingvistiskā, sastatāmā un tipoloģiskā aspektā.
Synthesis and Biological Studies of Schiff Base Metal(II) Complexes Derived from Isatin
Authors: Sujeshwari T. , Akila E. , Maheswaran P.
Published: December 2022

Potentially bioactive Schiff base metal complex is a kind of attractive reagents due to specific activities of pharmacology and physiology. Medical inorganic chemistry has exploited metal ions' unique properties to design new drugs. In this study a novel Cu(II), Ni(II), Mn(II) and Co(II) Schiff base complexes have been from p - nitroaniline, isatin and 2, 2′ bipyridyl. The elemental analyses of the complexes are confined to the stoichiometry of the type L1L2M [M = Cu(II), Ni(II), Mn(II) and Co(II)], respectively, where L is Schiff base ligand in the ratio of 1:1:1. Structures have been proposed from elemental analyses, IR, UV, 1H NMR, ESR spectral data and magnetic studies. The measured low molar conductance values in DMF indicate that the complexes are nonelectrolytes. The IR data tells us the association of C=N nitrogen atom in co - ordination to the metal ion. The UV spectral studies and magnetic measurements suggested the octahedral geometry around metal ion under investigation. The EPR spectral data shows additional proof for the octahedral geometry. In addition, the antioxidative activity was also determined. The ligand's antioxidative activity and its complexes demonstrate that, compared to the ligand, the complexes exhibit higher scavenging activity. The antibacterial activity of these compounds was studied in vitro by the disc diffusion assay against two Gram-positive bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and two Gram-negative bacteria like Escherichia coli and Klebsilla pneumonia. The complexes show significant growth inhibitory activity than ligands.
Municipal property law in Russia and Mongolia
Authors:   Mayor’s Office of Ulaanbaatar, GANBOLD UNANCH
Published: December 2022

The specificity of the legal regime for municipal property is determined by various factors, including features of the administrative-territorial structure, relations between different levels of public authority, the economic policy of the state, and the essential characteristics of the legal system. An analysis of Russian and Mongolian legislation showed some significant differences in consolidating the right to municipal property. Some of them are caused by varying independence levels of municipalities. In Mongolia, the combination of the principles of self-governance and public administration provides a wide range of opportunities for public authorities to participate in municipal property management. The author notes that Russia and Mongolia have a fundamentally different approaches to understanding the essence of rights to property and other objects of civil law. In Russia, the legislator tries to adhere to the distinction between property rights and rights of obligation; in Mongolia, there is a proprietary concept that allows any objects to be considered as objects of property rights. That makes possible the resolution of controversial issues regarding the ownership of municipalities on budget funds, non-documentary securities, and intellectual property rights.
Applying business technologies in human resource management of the authorities in the Lipetsk region
Authors:   Government of the Lipetsk region, GONCHAROVA ELENA , VLASOVA SOFYA ,   Government of the Lipetsk region
Published: December 2022

Times of crisis have always required particular approaches to human resource management in all governing bodies, especially in the «managerial» category. Nowadays, it is crucial to understand whether a particular person can cope with new, more complicated tasks, possesses the competencies needed at the moment, and knows how to adapt to the demands of the times. The application of traditional methods to assess managerial personnel is becoming less relevant, while tests in situations as close to realities and potential challenges as possible are in demand. Personnel management technologies allowing to obtain reliable information were developed, tested, and successfully used in both foreign and Russian business structures. The Department of Civil Service and Personnel Management of the Lipetsk region administration has adapted some of the HR technologies from the business sphere to the specifics of the civil service. For example, the authorities combined the annual personnel commission, the institute of successors, and the assessment center evaluation into a single comprehensive evaluation system. The article describes the procedure for implementing a comprehensive evaluation, presents its advantages, and provides data on the practical results of its systematic use in human resource management in the region. The proposed methodology can be helpful to public authorities in assessing personnel in the civil service.
Digital maturity of regional public authorities as a basis for “smart” public administration
Authors:   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, ZAKHAROVA SVETLANA
Published: December 2022

The article considers the term «digital maturity» and reviews the methodology of calculation, indicators, and indices of «digital maturity» defined by the Government of the Russian Federation. Information from the Ministry of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Media of the Russian Federation on the distribution of regions is presented according to the level of digital maturity. The author considers the extent to which the developed parameters of measuring «digital maturity» coincide with the level of organization of social network interaction between the authorities and the population in the context of the digital society and hybrid social environment formation. How can digital maturity be a criterion for successful public administration in the context of digital transformation? Can the level of digital maturity determine the degree of interaction and formats of dialogue between the authorities and civil society in social networks? The study «Social media as a platform for the interaction of public administration actors: an expert opinion» argues for the author’s reasoning. The author concludes that in the sphere of network communications, the calculation of «digital maturity» should include indicators that reflect the quality of public subject-to-subject managerial interaction between civil society organizations, citizens, and authorities.
Pengaruh Penggunan Model Pembelajaran Index Card Match Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa di SMA Negeri 7 Kota Jambi Pada Masa Peralihan Pembelajaran
Authors: Wira Andykawiratama , Muslim Fachruddiansyah , Putra Iwan
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan hasil belajar ekonomi antara model pembelajaran Index Card Match dan model Konvensional pada siswa kelasa XI IPS SMA Negeri 7 Kota Jambi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Pre-Experimental Design dengan bentuk Pre Tes-Post Tes control group Design, dimana penelitian ini dilakukan pada kelasa XI IPS 2 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas XI IPS 3 sebagai kelas kontrol. Penelitian ini menggunakan sumber data primer dan Instrumen penelitian menggunakan sebuah tes dengan jenis soal pilihan ganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa hasil belajar ekonomi yang menggunakan model pembelajaran Index Card Match lebih tinggi di bandingkan dengan siswa yang menggunakan model pembelajaran konvensional dengan nilai  >  (5,54 > 2,00). Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan pada hasil belajar ekonomi siswa yang menggunakan model pembelajran Index Card Match.