bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Novel Method to Develop High Fidelity Laser Sensor Simulation Model for Evaluation of Air to Ground Weapon Algorithms of Combat Aircraft
Authors: Kumar Suresh , Kumar K. Senthil , Prasad N. N.S.S.R.K.
Published: February 2019

Successful release of any air to ground weapon from a combat aircraft is determined based on the positional parameters received from the sensors and the mission cues. Laser designated pod is one of the most sought weapon sensor, which gives the accurate data for Air to Ground weapon aiming. Laser designated pod being hardware intensive system, works with real world environment, it increases the development and integration effort towards finalising the weapon aiming algorithms and also pilot vehicle interface requirements. A novel method using mathematical models and the atmospheric error models is proposed to develop a high fidelity laser designated pod simulation model for functional and performance evaluation of weapon algorithms. The factors affecting the weapon trajectory computations are also considered in the sensor model outputs. The sensor model is integrated in the high fidelity flight simulator, which consists of both aircraft and Real world systems either as actual or simulated for close loop pilot evaluation. The behaviour of the sensor model is cross validated and fine-tuned with the actual sensor output and confirmed that the developed laser designated pod sensor simulation model meets all the requirement to test the air to ground weapons in the flight simulator.
Perancangan Dualband Bandpass Filter dengan Metode Square Open Loop Resonator pada Frekuensi 2100 MHz
Authors: Gracia Simatupang Agnes Yora , Prakoso Teguh , Santoso Imam
Published: February 2019

Tapis (filter) merupakan komponen yang berperan penting dalam suatu sistem telekomunikasi. Tapis digunakan untuk menyeleksi frekuensi yang akan dilewatkan dalam melakukan telekomunikasi. Perkembangan sistem telekomunikasi membuat penggunaan band frekuensi yang semakin meluas, sehingga frekuensi yang digunakan juga frekuensi yang tinggi pula. Tapis dapat dirancang secara sederhana menggunakan lumped element yang terdiri dari kapasitor, resistor, dan juga induktor. Namun tapis ini mempunyai keterbatasan yaitu hanya dapat digunakan pada frekuensi rendah saja dan tidak efektif untuk frekuensi tinggi. Tapis yang dapat digunakan pada frekuensi tinggi dapat dirancang menggunakan mikrostrip. Bentuk-bentuk tapis mikrostrip pun beranekaragam, salah satunya adalah square open loop resonator. Penelitian ini akan membahas tentang perancangan tapis dualband dengan metode square open loop resonator pada frekuensi 2100 MHz menggunakan software CST Studio Suite 2016. Respon frekuensi yang dihasilkan oleh desain akhir dari tapis ini dapat meloloskan frekuensi pada rentang 1927 MHz-2175 MHz dan 3021 MHz – 3296 MHz. Nilai insertion loss yang dihasilkan sebesar 1,4283 dB pada band bawah dan return loss sebesar 19,707 dB pada band bawah.
PERBAIKAN JATUH TEGANGAN DENGAN REPOSISI TRAFO UNTUK SAMBUNGAN RUMAH PELANGGAN
Authors: Winardi Bambang
Published: February 2019

Sambungan rumah adalah titik akhir dari pelayanan listrik kepada konsumen, sehingga potret pelayanan dapat dilihat dari mutu tegangan dan tingkat keandalan dari sisi sambungan rumah. Dalam hal ini penulis menemukan sebuah kasus nyata sampel di lapangan mengenai sambungan rumah yang tidak sesuai standar yang layak untuk dibahas dan direncanakan solusi perbaikan jaringannya. Jumlah tarikan sambungan rumah yang tidak standar ini menyebabkan tegangan rumah mengalami jatuh tegangan. Hasil pengukuran pada waktu beban puncak adalah 175 V, persentasenya adalah 20,5%. Padahal tegangan jatuh yang diijinkan adalah maksimal 198 V, persentasenya adalah 10%. Dengan melihat keadaan yang terjadi di lapangan, maka direncanakan solusi untuk perbaikan jaringan.Pada pengukuran jatuh tegangan secara langsung berupa 175 V, sedangkan jatuh tegangan dengan menggunakan software ETAP 12.6.0 berupa 168 V. Sedangkan pada rencana perbaikan jaringan, perhitungan yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan software ETAP 12.6.0 diperoleh persentase jatuh tegangan hanya berkisar antara 1,81% - 3,63%.  Pada software ETAP 12.6.0 menunjukkan bahwa rencana perbaikan yang dilakukan sudah memenuhi standar. Hal ini terlihat dari kisaran persetase jatuh tegangan dari 9,09% 22.72% bisa menjadi 1,81% - 3,63%.
STYL GATUNKOWY KONSTYTUCJI
Authors: MALINOWSKA Ewa
Published: February 2019

In this paper I take the meaning of genre as a model of a specified type of text. Therefore, I consider genre as a pattern of the text, which consists of all its planes (formal, cognitive, pragmatic, axiological, stylistic). I am especially interested in the stylistic plane of a concrete communicative event, which is the current text of the fundamental law, i.e. of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland (1997). The constitution in the stylistic dimension is multi-colour. A normative dry imperious style is dominant, with a high frequency of orders, duties and rights, but contrary to the other genres of official and legal spheres, there are also strongly present elements of high, elaborative rhetoric style exe-cuted not only in the preamble, but also in the solemn acts of president’s and MPs’ oaths. These particular texts in the text underline the significance of the constitution as the most important legal act for the state community. The ideo-logical convictions of the legislative body have also an influence on the genre style of the constitution.
LEGAL TRANSLATION – A MULTIDIMENSIONAL ENDEAVOUR
Authors: SCOTT Juliette
Published: February 2019

Legal translation is a highly skilled task. It has even been described as the “ultimate linguistic challenge” (Harvey 2002: 177). However, law firms or corporations that procure translations from self- employed translation practitioners often find the intricacies of the task difficult to perceive. Following extensive fieldwork examining how legal translation is commissioned and performed in ‘outstitutional’ contexts, I have developed a multidimensional model which illustrates the legal translator’s textual agency, aimed at conveying the complexities of translation performance to clients and other stakeholders. It may also serve to train fledgling legal translators, and to heighten practising translators’ awareness of their overall task. The impetus for the model sprang primarily from findings of serious information asymmetry and goal divergence in the market, and evidence that actors involved do not grasp (a) the need for legal translators to be fully briefed, or (b) the layers of skills involved.
The complete plastome of real yellow wood (Podocarpus latifolius): gene organization and comparison with related species
Authors: Saina Josphat K. , Li Zhi-Zhong , Gichira Andrew W. , Avoga Sheila , Wang Qing-Feng , Kuo Liao
Published: February 2019

Podocarpus latifolius [(Thunb.) R.Br. ex Mirb.], also known as real yellow wood, is a large evergreen tree with exceptionally high-quality wood. It is a member of the Podocarpaceae family, which includes many species widely grown for wood pulp as well as timber for construction. Despite its importance, studies focusing on its genetic characterization and molecular biology are limited. Therefore, this study reports the complete plastome of P. latifolius, which is a circular molecule of 134 020 base pairs (bp) in length, lacking a quadripartite structure. The P. latifolius plastome encodes 117 unique genes, consisting of 82 protein-coding genes, 31 transfer RNA genes and four ribosomal RNA genes. The analysis showed that the Podocarpaceae plastomes have experienced some intron and gene losses, inversions, and inverted repeat (IR) loss resulting in a diverse plastome organization at the species and genus levels. Therefore, to understand the extent of these genomic rearrangements, more sampling of the Podocarpaceae plastomes is necessary. A total of 149 editing sites were predicted in 28 genes, all of which were C to U conversions. Moreover, a total of 164 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were identified in the P. latifolius plastome, the majority being mononucleotide repeat motifs with A/T sequence predominance. Overall, the data obtained in this study will be useful for population genetics, evolutionary history and phylogenetic studies of the species in this genus.
The Effects of Methylphenidate (Ritalin) on the Neurophysiology of the Monkey Caudal Prefrontal Cortex
Authors: Tremblay Sébastien , Pieper Florian , Sachs Adam , Joober Ridha , Martinez-Trujillo Julio
Published: February 2019

Methylphenidate (MPH), commonly known as Ritalin, is the most widely prescribed drug worldwide to treat patients with attention deficit disorders. Although MPH is thought to modulate catecholamine neurotransmission in the brain, it remains unclear how these neurochemical effects influence neuronal activity and lead to attentional enhancements. Studies in rodents overwhelmingly point to the lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) as a main site of action of MPH. To understand the mechanism of action of MPH in a primate brain, we recorded the responses of neuronal populations using chronic multielectrode arrays implanted in the caudal LPFC of two macaque monkeys while the animals performed an attention task (N= 2811 neuronal recordings). Over different recording sessions (N= 55), we orally administered either various doses of MPH or a placebo to the animals. Behavioral analyses revealed positive effects of MPH on task performance at specific doses. However, analyses of individual neurons activity, noise correlations, and neuronal ensemble activity using machine learning algorithms revealed no effects of MPH. Our results suggest that the positive behavioral effects of MPH observed in primates (including humans) may not be mediated by changes in the activity of caudal LPFC neurons. MPH may enhance cognitive performance by modulating neuronal activity in other regions of the attentional network in the primate brain.
A Postdecisional Neural Marker of Confidence Predicts Information-Seeking in Decision-Making
Authors: Desender Kobe , Murphy Peter , Boldt Annika , Verguts Tom , Yeung Nick
Published: February 2019

Theoretical work predicts that decisions made with low confidence should lead to increased information-seeking. This is an adaptive strategy because it can increase the quality of a decision, and previous behavioral work has shown that decision-makers engage in such confidence-driven information-seeking. The present study aimed to characterize the neural markers that mediate the relationship between confidence and information-seeking. A paradigm was used in which 17 human participants (9 male) made an initial perceptual decision, and then decided whether or not they wanted to sample more evidence before committing to a final decision and confidence judgment. Predecisional and postdecisional event-related potential components were similarly modulated by the level of confidence and by information-seeking choices. Time-resolved multivariate decoding of scalp EEG signals first revealed that both information-seeking choices and decision confidence could be decoded from the time of the initial decision to the time of the subsequent information-seeking choice (within-condition decoding). No above-chance decoding was visible in the preresponse time window. Crucially, a classifier trained to decode high versus low confidence predicted information-seeking choices after the initial perceptual decision (across-condition decoding). This time window corresponds to that of a postdecisional neural marker of confidence. Collectively, our findings demonstrate, for the first time, that neural indices of confidence are functionally involved in information-seeking decisions.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTDespite substantial current interest in neural signatures of our sense of confidence, it remains largely unknown how confidence is used to regulate behavior. Here, we devised a task in which human participants could decide whether or not to sample additional decision-relevant information at a small monetary cost. Using neural recordings, we could predict such information-seeking choices based on a neural signature of decision confidence. Our study illuminates a neural link between decision confidence and adaptive behavioral control.
Oxytocin Receptors Are Expressed by Glutamatergic Prefrontal Cortical Neurons That Selectively Modulate Social Recognition
Authors: Tan Yalun , Singhal Sarthak M. , Harden Scott W. , Cahill Karlena M. , Nguyen Dan-Tam M. , Colon-Perez Luis M. , Sahagian Todd J. , Thinschmidt Jeffrey S. , de Kloet Annette D. , Febo Marcelo , Frazier Charles J. , Krause Eric G.
Published: February 2019

Social recognition, the ability to recognize individuals that were previously encountered, requires complex integration of sensory inputs with previous experience. Here, we use a variety of approaches to discern how oxytocin-sensitive neurons in the PFC exert descending control over a circuit mediating social recognition in mice. Using male mice with Cre-recombinase directed to the oxytocin receptor gene (Oxtr), we revealed that oxytocin receptors (OXTRs) are expressed on glutamatergic neurons in the PFC, optogenetic stimulation of which elicited activation of neurons residing in several mesolimbic brain structures. Optogenetic stimulation of axons in the BLA arising from OXTR-expressing neurons in the PFC eliminated the ability to distinguish novel from familiar conspecifics, but remarkably, distinguishing between novel and familiar objects was unaffected. These results suggest that an oxytocin-sensitive PFC to BLA circuit is required for social recognition. The implication is that impaired social memory may manifest from dysregulation of this circuit.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTUsing mice, we demonstrate that optogenetic activation of the neurons in the PFC that express the oxytocin receptor gene (Oxtr) impairs the ability to distinguish between novel and familiar conspecifics, but the ability to distinguish between novel and familiar objects remains intact. Subjects with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) have difficulty identifying a person based on remembering facial features; however, ASDs and typical subjects perform similarly when remembering objects. In subjects with ASD, viewing the same face increases neural activity in the PFC, which may be analogous to the optogenetic excitation of oxytocin receptor (OXTR) expressing neurons in the PFC that impairs social recognition in mice. The implication is that overactivation of OXTR-expressing neurons in the PFC may contribute to ASD symptomology.
Plexina2 and CRMP2 Signaling Complex Is Activated by Nogo-A-Liganded Ngr1 to Restrict Corticospinal Axon Sprouting after Trauma
Authors: Sekine Yuichi , Algarate Percy T. , Cafferty William B.J. , Strittmatter Stephen M.
Published: February 2019

After brain or spinal cord trauma, interaction of Nogo-A with neuronal NgR1 limits regenerative axonal sprouting and functional recovery. Cellular signaling by lipid-anchored NgR1 requires a coreceptor but the relevant partnerin vivois not clear. Here, we examined proteins enriched in NgR1 immunoprecipitates by Nogo-A exposure, identifying CRMP2, a cytosolic protein implicated in axon growth inhibition by Semaphorin/Plexin complexes. The Nogo-A-induced association of NgR1 with CRMP2 requires PlexinA2 as a coreceptor. Non-neuronal cells expressing both NgR1 and PlexinA2, but not either protein alone, contract upon Nogo-A exposure. Inhibition of cortical axon regeneration by Nogo-A depends on a NgR1/PlexinA2 genetic interaction because double-heterozygous NgR1+/−, PlexinA2+/−neurons, but not single-heterozygote neurons, are rescued from Nogo-A inhibition. NgR1 and PlexinA2 also interact geneticallyin vivoto restrict corticospinal sprouting in mouse cervical spinal cord after unilateral pyramidotomy. Greater post-injury sprouting in NgR1+/−, PlexinA2+/−mice supports enhanced neurological recovery of a mixed female and male double-heterozygous cohort. Thus, a NgR1/PlexinA2/CRMP2 ternary complex limits neural repair after adult mammalian CNS trauma.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTSeveral decades of molecular research have suggested that developmental regulation of axon growth is distinct in most regards from titration of axonal regenerative growth after adult CNS trauma. Among adult CNS pathways, the oligodendrocyte Nogo-A inhibition of growth through NgR1 is thought to have little molecular relationship to axonal guidance mechanisms active embryonically. Here, biochemical analysis of NgR1 function uncovered a physical complex with CRMP cytoplasmic mediators, and this led to appreciation of a role for PlexinA2 in concert with NgR1 after adult trauma. The data extend molecular understanding of neural repair after CNS trauma and link it to developmental processes.
Customer Engagement in the Process of Service Provision
Authors: Fonferek Katharina-Maria , Kleinaltenkamp Michael , Möller Jana
Published: February 2019

Despite its apparent relevance in service provision, research about customer engagement (CE) in the service context is scant. This investigation takes a broad approach on the topic and studies 1) antecedents of CE within the process of service provision, and 2) the impact of CE in the process of service provision on relational outcomes. We conducted two empirical studies and show that 1) customer experience quality (CEQ) is an important antecedent of CE, and 2) CE positively affects customer satisfaction as well as word-of-mouth (WOM) and that this effect is mediated through experienced value in use.
Configuring Customer Touchpoints: A Fuzzy-Set Analysis of Service Encounter Satisfaction
Authors: Wünderlich Nancy V. , Hogreve Jens
Published: February 2019

Knowledge about the importance of sub-service encounters or touchpoints within the service process is a topic of interest to both researchers and businesses. However, existing research mainly analyses service encounter evaluations based on composite or overall measures. While these studies make a significant contribution to understanding the importance of specific attributes for evaluating the overall encounter, our study extends existing research by showing how evaluations might be built upon different configurations of touchpoints. Based on a qualitative comparative analysis, we identify the determinants that are ultimately necessary, as well as those that are sufficient, for creating positive customer experiences within airline services. We provide managers with guidance on how to design successful customer experiences and long-lasting customer satisfaction. This knowledge helps service firms invest in quality improvements that will pay off in the long run.We enrich service theory by providing an in-depth view of customer service encounters and by identifying how different configurations of touchpoint evaluations lead to satisfactory service experiences. We establish a complementary explanation of the creation of customers’ evaluations of multiple touchpoints.
Characterization of amino acid content of grain of new wheat varieties and lines
Authors: Hospodarenko H. , Karpenko V. , Liubych V. , Novikov V.
Published: February 2019

Aim. To determine the formation of bound amino acids in grain of new wheat varieties and its biological value. Methods. Field, physical-chemical, computational, analysis. Results. The differences in amino acid composi- tion of new varieties and lines of wheat were analyzed. It was established that the highest content of essential amino acids was in the grain of the Kulundynka variety (5.18 %) or 2.5 times higher compared to the standard (2.99 %). Their content in the grain of soft wheat, obtained by the hybridization of Triticum aestivum L./Triti- cum spelta L., was 1.4–1.5 times higher compared to the control. The grain of the soft variety Kulundynka had the highest biological value as the score of essential amino acids was not defi cient and the remaining varieties were defi cient in 2–5 amino acids. Only methionine was defi cient in the grain of soft wheat lines (AAS = 64– 74 %). Conclusions. The content of amino acids in soft wheat grain depends considerably on weather condi- tions, selective-genetic
origin of the variety and the line. Glutamic acid, proline, and leucine were found to be most abundant. Out of nine samples of soft wheat tested, only the seed of the Kulundynka variety had a non- defi cient amino acid score (91–298 %), and in the Pannonikus variety methionine was limited (49 %). The best balanced content of amino acids is present in the grain of non-spelt lines, obtained by hybridization of Triticum aestivum L. and Triticum spelta L., namely Р 7 and LPP 1314. The grain of these lines has a non-defi cient amino acid score, more methionine (AAS = 64–74 %), and supplies human daily requirement in the best way. The grain has a high index of complex estimation and metabolization coeffi cient for essential amino acids.
Physical-chemical composition and technological properties of demineralized milk whey received by membrane methods
Authors: Romanchuk I. , Minorova A. , Krushelnytska N.
Published: February 2019

Aim. To investigate the composition and properties of the samples of cheese and acid milk whey, obtained in industrial conditions using a combination of nanofi ltration and electrodialysis methods. Methods. Determi- nation of physical-chemical indices using standard methods, study of functional-technological properties of demineralized whey by common methods. Results. It was established that there was high effi ciency of apply- ing membrane methods for processing of secondary resources in current conditions of raw materials source, which are presented by different kinds of milk whey, formed during cheese production. It was determined that processing of different kinds of whey using the combination of nanofi ltration and electrodialysis methods led to a considerable decrease in the content of ash compared to the initial whey. The level of demineraliza- tion of cheese whey may amount to 90 %, that of acid whey – 75 %. In addition to dry kinds of whey, liquid demineralized whey is of some interest for practical
application, which may be used during the production of sour-milk and milk-containing drinks due to a high content of dry substances. It was found that the increase in protein content in dry demineralized whey, obtained using the complex of membrane methods of processing, led to a considerable increase in its foam-forming, moisture-retaining, fat-retaining and emulsifying abilities compared to milk whey, obtained by a traditional technology. Conclusions. It was established that dry demin- eralized whey, obtained by a combination of nanofi ltration and electrodialysis methods, had better organoleptic and physical-chemical indices compared to dry whey. The investigated industrial samples were remarkable for improved functional and technological properties which allows using them in the formulations of other food products.
On-farm conservation of potato landraces in Ecuador
Authors: Monteros-Altamirano Álvaro
Published: February 2019

Potato-landrace production systems have not been previously described in Ecuador. Accordingly, three areas of high potato diversity were identified using the passport data of samples collected during the 70s and 80s. Native potato diversity collected at these three locations during 2006-2008 was compared with the diversity at the same places approximately 30 years ago to determine the dynamics in the potato diversity. Additionally, potato-farmers growing landraces were interviewed and invited to local meetings to evaluate the vulnerability of their systems. When the earlier collections were compared with the 2006- 2008 collection, many landraces with new names were found. The low number of landraces common to the past and present collections might suggest that the sampling of local landraces was not exhaustive, both during the 1970s and 1980s and during the 2006-2008 collection trips. Mostly elderly people and small-scale farmers are currently maintaining potato landraces. Since farmers cannot live solely on the production of their farms, they look for income alternatives through migration. The vulnerability of the potato conservation varied between the study areas. External conservation interventions performed on-farm, such as diversity fairs or re-introduction of landraces, were highly appreciated by the farmers and could help preserve potato landraces.
Spectral and thermal response of Heliconia psittacorum species to induced water stress
Authors: Revelo-Luna David , Reyes-Trujillo Aldemar , Peña-Varón Miguel
Published: February 2019

An important limitation in agricultural production is stress resulting from water deficit. Flower production and postharvest life both decrease in Heliconia psittacorum affected by water stress. Remote sensing provides tools for estimating the water status of plant species using spectral information in the visible and infrared range. This paper presents a study of reflectance in the 350-800 nm range and the response in the thermal infrared of leaf tissue under different irrigation regimes. For the measurement of reflectance, an OceanOptics® Micro-Spectrometer was used, while for the thermal infrared measurements, a FLIRE40® camera was used. Three irrigation regimes were established: T1: 100% field capacity (FC), T2: 50% FC, and T3: 10% FC. Significant differences were found between treatment T1 and treatments T2-T3 in the water stress index (CWSI) and stomatal conductance index (GI). The reflectance around 800 nm decreased for T2 and T3. Significant differences were obtained between T1 and T2-T3 in the maximum of the first derivative of the reflectance between 700 and 750 nm. It was found that, in the range 350-800 nm, the thermal indices were better indicators of the water status of the Heliconia species than the spectral indices.
Assessing water demand with remote sensing for two coriander varieties
Authors: Ortiz Euseppe , Torres Enrique A.
Published: February 2019

The use of remote sensing to determine water needs has been successfully applied by several authors to different crops, maintaining, as an important basis, the relationship between the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and biophysical variables, such as the fraction of coverage (fc) and the basal crop coefficient (Kcb). Therefore, this study quantified the water needs of two varieties of coriander (UNAPAL Laurena CL and UNAPAL Precoso CP) based on the response of fc and Kcb, using remote sensors and a water balance according to the FAO-56 methodology. A Campbell Scientific meteorological station, a commercial digital camera and a portable spectro radiometer were used to obtain information on the environmental conditions and the crop. By means of remote sensing associated with a water balance, it was found that the water demand was 156 mm for CL and 151 mm for CP until the foliage harvest (41 d after sowing); additionally, the initial Kcb was 0.14, the mean Kcb was 1.16 (approximately) and the final Kcb was 0.71 (approximately).
Entendiendo las respuestas de un pueblo indígena del Chaco Paraguayo a la desposesión territorial
Authors: Glauser Marcos
Published: February 2019

Las altas tasas de deforestación en el Chaco paraguayo han implicado en las últimas décadas un desafío para las comunidades indígenas que dependen parcialmente de un aprovechamiento directo de los recursos naturales. A pesar de que su derecho a acceder a propiedades privadas para utilizar dichos recursos está amparado en leyes nacionales e internacionales, en la práctica el acceso debe ser negociado a nivel local. Tomando como ejemplo el caso de la comunidad La Patria, del pueblo angaité, analizo en este artículo los impactos generados por la deforestación y la pérdida de acceso al territorio. En concreto me enfoco en cómo los angaité han respondido a estos cambios, modificando sus estrategias de subsistencia y uso territorial. El análisis es enriquecido al relacionarlo con los aportes teórico-conceptuales de la ontología política de Blaser. Esta propuesta sugiere considerar los conflictos territoriales como conflictos ontológicos que, como tal, implican mucho más que una disputa por “recursos naturales”.
Optimizando la producción agrícola: análisis de sistemas para operacionalizar la agricultura multifuncional
Authors: Callo-Concha Daniel
Published: February 2019

Son varios los retos contemporáneos en el uso de suelo que acentúan su cambio, como la contaminación y la degradación. En esta comunicación corta se examinan los sistemas agrícolas multifuncionales como alternativa para operacionalizar la sostenibilidad productiva, ecológica y económica. No obstante, se hace hincapié en su inherente complejidad, que limita su evaluación y validación. Así, se sugiere el análisis de sistemas como plataforma conceptual y operativa para evaluar los sistemas agrícolas multifuncionales, y se toman los sistemas agroforestales de Tomé-Açú en la Amazonia brasileña como ejemplo. La metodología propuesta logra identificar los factores determinantes que promueven la multifuncionalidad en los sistemas agrícolas, y complementariamente estima los trade-offs que resultarían de implementarlos. Además, se incluye la participación de grupos de interés en el análisis, de tal manera que se legitiman los resultados obtenidos. Más allá del ejemplo, el análisis de sistemas se propone como opción tanto teórica como operativa en el análisis de situaciones reales y complejas, pues las dos constituyen cualidades clave para la toma de decisiones.
MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF TEMPERATURE EFFECT ON THE FAN CHART OF MAGNETOABSORPTION SPECTRUM IN SEMICONDUCTORS
Authors: Gulyamov G. , Erkaboev U. I. , Gulyamov A. G.
Published: February 2019

The article considers the oscillations of interband magneto-optical absorption in semiconductors with the Kane dispersion law. We have compared the changes in oscillations of the joint density of states with respect to the photon energy for different Landau levels in parabolic and non-parabolic zones. An analytical expression is obtained for the oscillation of the combined density of states in narrow-gap semiconductors. We have calculated the dependence of the maximum photon energy on the magnetic field at different temperatures. A theoretical study of the band structure showed that the magnetoabsorption oscillations decrease with an increase in temperature, and the photon energies nonlinearly depend on a strong magnetic field. The article proposes a simple method for calculating the oscillation of joint density of states in a quantizing magnetic field with the non-quadratic dispersion law. The temperature dependence of the oscillations joint density of states in semiconductors with non-parabolic dispersion law is obtained. Moreover, the article studies the temperature dependence of the band gap in a strong magnetic field with the non-quadratic dispersion law. The method is applied to the research of the magnetic absorption in narrow-gap semiconductors with nonparabolic dispersion law. It is shown that as the temperature increases, Landau levels are washed away due to thermal broadening and density of states turns into a density of states without a magnetic field. Using the mathematical model, the temperature dependence of the density distribution of energy states in strong magnetic fields is considered. It is shown that the continuous spectrum of the density of states, measured at the temperature of liquid nitrogen, at low temperatures turns into discrete Landau levels. Mathematical modeling of processes using experimental values of the continuous spectrum of the density of states makes it possible to calculate discrete Landau levels. We have created the three-dimensional fan chart of magneto optical oscillations of semiconductors with considering for the joint density of energy states. For a nonquadratic dispersion law, the maximum frequency of the absorbed light and the width of the forbidden band are shown to depend nonlinearly on the magnetic field. Modeling the temperature  dependence allowed us to determine the Landau levels in semiconductors in a wide temperature spectrum. Using the proposed model, the experimental results obtained for narrow-gap semiconductors are analyzed. The theoretical results are compared with experimental results.
Az idősek tápláltsági állapota és testösszetétele a szabadkai Gerontológiai Központban
Authors: Pozsár Hajnalka , Berenji Karolina , Pozsár Csaba
Published: February 2019

Abstract:

Introduction: Nutritional assessment is the most effective way of preventing obesity and malnutrition in the elderly. Aim: The aim of our study was to assess the nutritional status of people living in the nursing home, and to determine blood glucose and arterial blood pressure. Method: In November 2017, thirty-six people aged over 60 were included in the study. The body composition was determined by bioimpedance scale ‘In Body 230’. The fasting blood glucose level was determined by a digital blood glucose meter and the arterial blood pressure was determined by a digital blood pressure monitor. Results: Body composition of the participants showed that 36.1% are classified as overweight (body mass index [BMI] 25–29.9 kg/m2) and 36.1% as obese (BMI≥30.0 kg/m2). Obesity (50%) is predominantly recorded at the age of 75–84 years. 44% of the subjects did not have a glycemic response, with an average fasting blood sugar of 7.27 ± 2.03 mmol/L. The mean arterial blood pressure was 143.6/79.5 mmHg. Nearly 60% of the examined elderly people are hypertensive. Conclusions: Obesity was diagnosed in more than one third of the elderly and 70% had high cardiovascular comorbidity. According to these findings, nursing homes need to pay more attention to the amount and quality of meals in order to avoid complications. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(9): 349–358.
A combfejcsavar helyzetének prognosztikai jelentősége a csípőtáji törések esetén
Authors: Csonka Ákos , Ecseri Tamás , Dózsai Dávid , Csonka István , Gárgyán István , Varga Endre
Published: February 2019

Abstract:

Introduction: In our study, we analyzed one of the Hungarian population’s most frequent injuries, the hip fracture, focusing mainly on the lateral femoral neck and the pertrochanteric fractures. According to the classification of the Swiss Association for Ostheosynthesis (AO), we focused on 31–A1 and 31–A2 fractures, the incidence of which increases by ageing. Method: Between 2010 and 2016, we analyzed the data of 1179 patients. All of the fractures were stabilized with intramedullary nails. 992 patients received Stryker Gamma3®, whereas 187 patients’ fractures were solved with Synthes PFNA® nail. In all cases, closed reduction method was used with fluoroscopy on an extension table. The surgeries were done in general or epidural anesthesia and performed by traumatology residents or specialists using standard lateral exploration. Data were collected using GEPACS software and statistical analysis was done with MS Excel. Results: Cut-out occurred in 33 cases (2,79%): out of that 21 (1.78%) were left sided and 12 were (1,01%) right sided. 29 (87.87%) patients were treated with Gamma3 nail, and in 4 (12,12%) cases PFNA nail was used. The average TAD-index was 18 mm. Conclusion: According to recommendations of the TAD-index value, when using dynamic hip screw, it should be 20 mm or lower. The average index value was 18 mm which was equal in the complicated and non-complicated groups. Our study shows that the cut-out is independent from the TAD-index value, thus this recommendation cannot be applied for intramedullary nails. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(9): 338–342.
Innovation and competitiveness: organizational culture and business model
Authors: Pulgarín Medina Sergio Andrés , Guerrero Natalia Alejandra
Published: February 2019

This article has as its starting point the cross review of the literature on innovation and competitive advantage, given the strong relationship between these terms and the growing importance and interest that have been gaining in business and academia. As a result of the consultation and review of the state of art of the last 10 years, it can identify the important role assigned to the concept of Business Model (MN) and Organizational Culture (CO), which stand out and are often identified as common elements in the implementation of innovation and development of competitive advantages in organizations that exposed to a dynamic of change seek to understand and adjust to pro-environment to ensure their permanence in the market. El presente artículo tiene como punto de partida la revisión de la literatura en innovación y ventaja competitiva publicada en algunos de los principales Journals en Colombia, teniendo en cuenta la fuerte relación entre estos términos y la creciente importancia e interés que han venido ganando en el ámbito empresarial y académico latinoamericano. Como resultado de la búsqueda y revisión del estado del arte de los últimos 10 años, se logra identificar el importante papel asignado a la noción de Modelo de Negocio (MN) y Cultura Organizacional (CO), los cuales se destacan y son frecuentemente señalados como elementos comunes en la implementación de innovación y el desarrollo de ventajas competitivas en organizaciones, que expuestas a una dinámica de cambio buscan entender y ajustarse a su entorno en pro de garantizar su permanencia en el mercado.Este artigo tem como ponto de partida uma revisão da literatura sobre inovação e vantagem competitiva publicada em alguns dos mais importantes periódicos colombianos, dada a forte relação entre estes termos ea crescente importância e interesse que vêm ganhando nos negócios e no meio acadêmico da América Latina. Como resultados de busca e revisão do estado da arte dos últimos 10 anos, pode identificar insights sobre o papel importante atribuído ao conceito de Modelo de Negócio (MN) e Conceito de Cultura Organizacional (CO), que se destacam e são frequentemente identificados como comuns Elementos na implementação de inovação e desenvolvimento de vantagens competitivas em organizações que se expõem a uma dinâmica de mudança buscam entender e ajustar a pro-ambiente para garantir sua permanência no mercado.
Predisposition to innovate. Cross-cultural analysis between young people
Authors: Otero Gómez María Cristina , Giraldo Pérez Wilson , Sainz Barajas María Teresa de la Luz , Aguirre Aleman María Guadalupe
Published: February 2019

This article is the result of a scientific investigation and has been raised around the objective of analyzing and comparing the influence of personal and social characteristics on the predisposition to innovate in the young consumers of Villavicencio - Colombia and Coatzacoalcos - Mexico. For the development was carried out to survey 1591 university students of the two cities. The age range of the sample was between 17 and 25 years. To this end, the University of Los Llanos and the Universidad Veracruzana collaborated. The results show that there is no association between the predisposition to innovate and the variables of personal or social characteristics studied. This means that a strategy of demographic segmentation is not enough, since the determinants of the behavior of the segment may be influenced by their personal motivations, or by the characteristics of the products.El presente artículo es resultado de una investigación científica y se ha planteado en torno al objetivo de analizar y comparar la influencia de las características personales y sociales en la predisposición a innovar en los consumidores jóvenes de Villavicencio - Colombia y Coatzacoalcos - México. Para el desarrollo se procedió a encuestar a 1591 jóvenes universitarios de las dos ciudades. El rango etario de la muestra fue entre 17 y 25 años. Para ello se contó con la colaboración de la Universidad de los Llanos y la Universidad Veracruzana. Los resultados evidencian que no existe asociación entre la predisposición a innovar y las variables de características personales o sociales estudiadas. Esto significa que una estrategia de segmentación demográfica no es suficiente, pues los determinantes del comportamiento del segmento pueden estar influenciados por sus motivaciones personales, o por las características de los productos.Este artigo é o resultado da investigação científica e tem sido levantada em torno do objetivo analisar e comparar a influência das características pessoais e sociais na predisposição para inovar jovens consumidores de Villavicencio - Colômbia e Coatzacoalcos - México. Desenvolvimento procedeu ao levantamento de 1591 estudantes universitários das duas cidades. A faixa etária da amostra foi de entre 17 e 25 anos. Para fazer isso, ele contou com a colaboração da Universidade do Llanos e Universidad Veracruzana. Os resultados mostram que não existe uma associação entre a vontade de inovar e variáveis de características pessoais ou sociais estudados. Isto significa que uma estratégia de segmentação demográfica não é suficiente, porque os determinantes do segmento de comportamento podem ser influenciados pelas suas motivações pessoais, ou as características dos produtos.
Cluster: alternative for regional growth
Authors: Sarmiento Del Valle Santiago
Published: February 2019

The growing concern of the economies to achieve favorable growth rates has been a constant challenge, so it is intended to present the development of clústers as alternatives to achieve regional growth. Besides is appeled an analytical method that compares several theories and identifies the most suitable ones to obtain economic results for the interest groups and the society in general. In addition, policies and actions that currently lack coherence and continuity are evaluated, which influence entrepreneurs and businessmen who lose dynamism and initiative, reflections and limitations on investment, the market, innovation and low levels of Productivity and competitiveness, the product of the lack of strategic management with an international vision, with a structure that does not guarantee propitious, that is to say, are not given the conditions to be the alternative expected to be subject to the implementation of protectionist policies.La preocupación creciente de las economías por alcanzar índices de crecimiento favorables se ha constituido en un reto constante, por lo que se pretende presentar el desarrollo de clústeres como alternativas para alcanzar el crecimiento regional. Se recurre a un método analítico que compara diversas teorías e identificar las más convenientes para obtener resultados beneficiosos para los grupos de interés y a la sociedad en general. Además, se evalúan políticas y acciones que actualmente muestran poca coherencia y continuidad, que influyen en emprendedores y empresarios quienes pierden dinamismo e iniciativa, reflejadas en limitaciones en la inversión, mercado, innovación y bajos índices de productividad y competitividad, producto de la carencia de una gestión estratégica con visión internacional, con una estructura que no garantiza propicia, es decir, no están dadas las condiciones para ser la alternativa esperada por estar supeditados a que se implementen políticas proteccionistas.A preocupação crescente das economias para alcançar taxas de crescimento favoráveis tornou-se um desafio constante, por isso, pretende-se introduzir o desenvolvimento do clúster como alternativas para alcançar o crescimento regional. Ele usa um método analítico que compara várias teorias e identificar o mais adequado para resultados benéficos para as partes interessadas e da sociedade em geral. Além disso, políticas e ações que atualmente mostram pouca consistência e continuidade, afetando empresários e homens de negócios que perdem dinamismo e iniciativa, refletida em limitações de investimento, mercado, inovação e baixos níveis de produtividade e competitividade, resultante da falta de avaliadas gestão estratégica com visão internacional, com uma estrutura que não garante favorável, ou seja, não são dadas as condições previstas para a alternativa a ser objecto de políticas protecionistas para ser implementado.
Capital goods from the Colombian Caribbean, the history of Superbrix
Authors: Acevedo Christian
Published: February 2019

This paper presents the history of SuperBrix, family business from the metalworking sector, which started its activities in 1936 in Barranquilla. Secondary sources analyzed included press articles, industry associations’ publications, academic journals and text books. Primary sources include an interview with the former President of the company, and having access to corporate files. This work highlights important business environment facts and managerial decisions that, have allowed it not only to maintain during adverse economic situations, but also to stand out as one of the best firms of the world in its sector.Se presenta la historia de SuperBrix, empresa familiar del sector metalmecánico, que inició sus actividades en 1936 en Barranquilla. Las fuentes secundarias analizadas incluyen artículos de prensa, publicaciones de gremios industriales, revistas académicas y libros de texto. Las fuentes primarias incluyen una entrevista con el expresidente de la compañía y el acceso a los archivos corporativos. Este trabajo destaca importantes hechos del entorno de negocios de SuperBrix y las decisiones gerenciales que, no solo le han permitido mantenerse en situaciones económicas adversas, sino además sobresalir como una de las mejores firmas del mundo en su sector.Apresenta-se a história da SuperBrix, empresa familiar do setor metalúrgico que iniciou suas atividades em Barranquilha em 1936. Analisam-se fontes secundárias como artigos de imprensa, publicações de associações industriais, artigos acadêmicos e livros. Como fonte primária, realiza-se entrevista com o presidente da empresa e análise de parte dos arquivos corporativos. Este trabalho destaca fatos importantes do ambiente de negócios e da tomada de decisões empresariais que permitiram que a empresa perseverasse num contexto econômico adverso e também que se destacasse como uma das melhores empresas do mundo no setor.
Creating a learning society
Authors: Hernández Torres Guillermo Segundo
Published: February 2019

Review of the book "Creating a learning society" Reseña del libro "La creación de una sociedad del aprendizaje"