bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O modelo ondulatório como estratégia de promoção da evolução conceitual em tópicos sobre a luz em nível Médio
Authors: Silva Jales de Aquino , Sousa Célia Maria Soares Gomes de
Published: April 2014

Este estudo trata da verificação da viabilidade de se promoverem estratégias de ensino de tópicos sobre a luz a partir da sua natureza ondulatória, buscando evidências de aprendizagem em um curso de nível Médio. Um grupo de alunos foi submetido a situações instrucionais, elaboradas na perspectiva da Teoria dos Campos Conceituais de Vergnaud e da Teoria da Aprendizagem Significativa de Ausubel, com o objetivo de criar condições favoráveis à evolução conceitual e, com isso, promover uma maior compreensão, por parte dos alunos, dos fenômenos relacionados ao tema. Apesar das condições de infraestrutura precárias para a realização deste estudo, os resultados nos revelaram evidências de evolução conceitual e a viabilidade de se tratarem tópicos sobre a luz a partir da teoria ondulatória.
Estudo da viabilidade de uma proposta didática metacognitiva para as atividades experimentais em física
Authors: Rosa Cleci Werner da , Alves Filho José de Pinho
Published: April 2014

Pautado no ideal de uma educação que prepara indivíduos autônomos, críticos e atuantes na sociedade, o presente trabalho investiga a possibilidade de se inserirem momentos explícitos de evocação do pensamento metacognitivo durante a realização de atividades experimentais de Física no Ensino Médio. O objetivo consiste em proporcionar que os estudantes recorram a essa forma de pensamento durante tais atividades. Partindo-se de estudos anteriores, este busca discutir a viabilidade da aplicação, em sala de aula, dessas atividades. O estudo é regido pelo aspecto construtivista e pela explicitação do pensamento metacognitivo. Em termos metodológicos, a pesquisa recorre à coleta de dados quantitativa, com análise qualitativa, utilizando, como instrumento, uma ficha de observação, elaborada com base nos elementos metacognitivos tidos como atributos de investigação. Os resultados permitem inferir que o modelo se mostra pertinente, revelando que a explicitação de momentos de evocação do pensamento metacognitivo representa uma alternativa à aprendizagem em Física.
Histórias em quadrinhos como recurso didático para o ensino do corpo humano em anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Kawamoto Elisa Mári , Campos Luciana Maria Lunardi
Published: April 2014

Os recursos didáticos envolvem diversos elementos utilizados como suporte na organização do processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Dentre eles, estão as histórias em quadrinhos, envolvendo aspectos visuais, cognitivos e criativos, que fornecem uma forma alternativa de complementar as aulas teóricas. O objetivo deste estudo foi elaborar e avaliar uma história em quadrinhos intitulada "Corpo humano", com enfoque nos sistemas circulatório, digestório, nervoso e respiratório, de modo a fornecer uma alternativa de recurso didático para o ensino do conteúdo em anos iniciais. O material foi avaliado junto a estudantes de um 5º ano do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola pública do interior do estado de São Paulo, por meio de utilização de questionários. O gibi se mostrou válido como recurso didático complementar para o aprendizado dos alunos, possibilitando a reflexão sobre a pertinência do desenvolvimento e da utilização das histórias em quadrinhos para o ensino de ciências nas séries iniciais.
Visitas guiadas ao Museu Nacional: interações e impressões de estudantes da Educação Básica
Authors: Oliveira Guilherme Cordeiro da Graça de , Turci Cássia Curan , Teixeira Brunno Martins , Silva Ediléa Mendes de Andrade , Garrido Ivie Soares , Moraes Rafael Silva
Published: April 2014

Este trabalho envolve o planejamento, execução e avaliação de visitas guiadas ao Museu Nacional da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, por parte de alunos da rede pública do município do Rio de Janeiro. O referencial teórico considera o Modelo de John Falk, com seus aspectos pessoal, físico e sociocultural como facilitadores da aprendizagem em museus. O principal objetivo consistiu em analisar as visitas dos estudantes ao museu quanto à aprendizagem, motivação e ganhos afetivos. Procurou-se, também, estabelecer o Museu Nacional como um espaço para a elaboração de aulas não formais de química. Questionários foram aplicados antes, durante e depois das visitas. Os resultados obtidos permitiram concluir que o procedimento e a dinâmica desenvolvidos proporcionaram ganhos afetivos e cognitivos aos alunos visitantes, e que o contexto físico do Museu Nacional favorece a elaboração de aulas não formais de química, sobretudo para os alunos de nível Médio.
The influence of fish culture in floating net cages on microbial indicators of water quality
Authors: Gorlach-Lira K. , Pacheco C. , Carvalho L.C.T. , Melo Júnior H.N. , Crispim M.C.
Published: April 2014

This work was carried out to analyse the microbiological parameters of the water quality of a reservoir used for the irrigation and culture of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in floating net cages. The physico-chemical parameters, counts of mesophilic total aerobic bacteria, total and thermotolerant coliforms and fecal streptococci, and the presence of Escherichia coli in samples of water collected in three sites of the reservoir (pre-culture site, culture site, post-culture site) were analysed. The levels of ammonia (0.047-0.059 mg/L), nitrite (0.001-0.021 mg/L) and total phosphorus (0.050-0.355 mg/L) in the water did not show significant differences (p > 0.05) between sampling sites. The levels of total bacteria in the water varied between 1.3 x 104 and 67.3 x 104 CFU/100 mL. The MPN values of thermotolerant coliforms (< 930 MPN/100 mL) were within values recommended for water used for fish culture and/or irrigation. The presence of E. coli and fecal streptococci were verified in 48% and 56% of analysed samples, respectively. The site with floating net cages showed more samples contaminated with E. coli and fecal streptococci than other sampling points.
Antifouling activity of twelve demosponges from Brazil
Authors: Ribeiro SM. , Rogers R. , Rubem AC. , Da Gama BAP. , Muricy G. , Pereira RC.
Published: April 2014

Benthic marine organisms are constantly exposed to fouling, which is harmful to most host species. Thus, the production of secondary metabolites containing antifouling properties is an important ecological advantage for sessile organisms and may also provide leading compounds for the development of antifouling paints. High antifouling potential of sponges has been demonstrated in the Indian and Pacific oceans and in the Caribbean and Mediterranean seas. Brazilian sponges remain understudied concerning antifouling activities. Only two scientific articles reported this activity in sponges of Brazil. The objective of this study was to test crude extracts of twelve species of sponges from Brazil against the attachment of the mussel Perna perna through laboratorial assays, and highlight promising species for future studies. The species Petromica citrina, Amphimedon viridis, Desmapsamma anchorata, Chondrosia sp., Polymastia janeirensis, Tedania ignis, Aplysina fulva, Mycale angulosa, Hymeniacidon heliophila, Dysidea etheria, Tethya rubra, and Tethya maza were frozen and freeze-dried before extraction with acetone or dichloromethane. The crude extract of four species significantly inhibited the attachment of byssus: Tethya rubra (p = 0.0009), Tethya maza (p = 0.0039), Petromica citrina (p = 0.0277), and Hymeniacidon heliophila (p = 0.00003). These species, specially, should be the target of future studies to detail the substances involved in the ability antifouling well as to define its amplitude of action.
Towards a standard framework to describe behaviours in the common-sloth (Bradypus variegatus Schinz, 1825): novel interactions data observed in distinct fragments of the Atlantic forest, Brazil
Authors: Silva SM. , Clozato CL. , Moraes-Barros N. , Morgante JS.
Published: April 2014

The common three-toed sloth is a widespread species, but the location and the observation of its individuals are greatly hindered by its biological features. Their camouflaged pelage, its slow and quiet movements, and the strictly arboreal habits resulted in the publication of sparse, fragmented and not patterned information on the common sloth behaviour. Thus, herein we propose an updated standardized behavioural categories' framework to the study of the species. Furthermore we describe two never reported interaction behaviours: a probable mating / courtship ritual between male and female; and apparent recognition behaviour between two males. Finally we highlight the contribution of small-duration field works in this elusive species ethological study.
Coleopterofauna found on fresh and frozen rabbit carcasses in Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
Authors: Mise KM. , Corrêa RC. , Almeida LM.
Published: April 2014

Many arthropod species are associated with carrion and some of them can be used as forensic indicators in murder investigations to estimate the time of death. Different physical conditions of cadavers may influence the fauna and the importance of freezing and thawing is unknown. The present paper sought to survey the Coleoptera species encountered in frozen and fresh rabbit carcasses, at a forest in Curitiba, Brazil. Four rabbit carcasses, two of them fresh and the other frozen were used. The coleopterofauna was sampled daily, and analyzed using non-parametric tests. A total of 666 beetles were sampled, belonging to 28 species in 10 families. Most of the beetles captured were larvae of Oxelytrum spp. (433) which are known to be necrophagous. The two frozen carcasses accounted for most of the beetles (338 and 180) in comparison with the two fresh carcasses (103 and 45). The tests were based on the most abundant species. Oxelytrum spp. median differed significantly between carcasses (H = 12.47844; p = 0.0059). The two fresh carcasses differed significantly (U = 190.0; p = 0.00019), but there was no significant difference between the frozen carcasses (U = 336.0; p = 0.29755). The data indicate that the freezing process prevents certain species to colonize carcasses, in this case with the dominance of species of Oxelytrum. These data also indicate that careful attention is necessary before using frozen carcasses in forensic entomology studies.
Simultaneous pollinator occurence (Hymenoptera, Agaoninae) in a threatened species: Ficus mexiae Standley (Moraceae)
Authors: Schiffler . , G. Kloss TG. , Matos JR
Published: April 2014

In Brazil, Ficus mexiae is classified as Vulnerable under IUCN criteria, and to date there is only one report on pollinator activity for this species. Is not unusual to find cases where more than one species of wasp simultaneously occurs on and pollinates the same fig. In this study we present evidence that two Pegoscapus wasp species contribute to the pollination of F. mexiae and relationship between pollinators maybe competitive. These results indicate that the F. mexiae population represent an important element in the complex dynamics of maintaining diversity in neotropical Ficus spp.
Scale morphology of Prochilodus lineatus with emphasis on the scale epithelium
Authors: Alves RMS. , Pereira BF. , Pitol DL. , Senhorini JA. , Alcântara-Rocha RCG. , Caetano FH.
Published: April 2014

The fish body is entirely covered by a thin, smooth and glandular epidermis, closely attached to the scales inserted on the dermis. The descriptive work on this tissue dates to twenty or thirty years ago, bears very little photographic record and does not focus on the scale epithelium, despite the fact that it is in direct contact with the environment. Thereupon, the present study characterizes the scale epithelium of Prochilodus lineatus, a robust species of fish. The observations show that the scale is completely covered by epithelium thicker on the proximal end of the scale, multilayered on the dorsal surface and undifferentiated on the ventral surface, and covered by mucous producing cells, mostly acid mucous. The scale is formed by plywood-like collagen matrix of collagen type III and supported by a network of elastic fibers on the ventral face. Differentiated cellular types are present, such as club cells, considered to be responsible for the release of alarm substances, which suggests possible use in environmental assessment as a non-invasive technique.
Morbidity due trauma in children of the community of Paraisopolis, São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Waksman Renata Dejtiar , Carrera Renato Melli , Santos Erica , Abramovici Sulim , Schvartsman Cláudio
Published: April 2014

Objective : To identify the factors that determine unintentional injuries in children living in the community of Paraisopolis, in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Methods : A cross-sectional and non-controlled study. Data collected during 4 consecutive months through questionnaires filled out for the Einstein Program in Paraisopolis Community included identification of the patient and his/her family, scholarity level, housing conditions, storage of hazardous products, access to the streets and concrete slab ceilings, supervision, and trauma mechanism involved. The observed data were treated as absolute and relative frequencies; χ2, Fisher’s exact test, Student’s t test, and Mann-Whitney’s tests were implemented, with a significance level of 5% (p<0.05). Results : A total of 1,490 questionnaires were analyzed. There was a predominance of trauma within boys (59.6%) and the medium age was 5.2 years. The predominant educational level of the parents was incomplete junior school education. The main caregiver identified was the mother (69.4%). Among the children that suffered trauma, 56.4% belonged to large families (≥6 people), lived in houses up to three rooms, and a family income up to R$ 1,000.00 (76.6%). Easy access to hazardous materials was considerable and free access to concrete slab ceilings was reported in 92.8% of the cases. The main trauma mechanisms were falls and burns. In this study, the child victim of a fall was aged under 5 years. Conclusion : Small children that live in a hazardous environment have a significant tendency to suffering trauma
Implementation of vertical clinical pharmacist service on venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in hospitalized medical patients
Authors: Haga Celina Setsuko , Mancio Cassio Massashi , Pioner Micheline da Costa , Alves Fabricia Aparecida de Lima , Lira Andreia Ramos , Silva João Severino da , Ferracini Fábio Teixeira , Borges Filho Wladimir Mendes , Guerra João Carlos de Campos , Laselva Claudia Regina
Published: April 2014

Objective : To describe the vertical clinical pharmacist service’s interventions in prevention of venous thromboembolism. Methods : This prospective study was done at a private hospital. From January to May 2012, the clinical pharmacist evaluated medical patients without prophylaxis for thromboembolism. If the patient fulfilled criteria for thromboembolism and did not have contraindications, the clinical pharmacist suggested inclusion of pharmacologic agents and/or mechanical methods for venous thromboembolism prevention. In addition, the appropriate dose, route of administration, duplicity and replacement of the drug were suggested. Results : We evaluated 9,000 hospitalized medical patients and carried out 77 pharmaceutical interventions. A total of 71 cases (92.21%) adhered to treatment so that non-adherence occurred in 6 cases (7.79%). In 25 cases pharmacologic agents were included and in 20 cases mechanical prophylaxis. Dose adjustments, route, frequency, duplicity and replacement made up 32 cases. Conclusion : The vertical clinical pharmacist service included the prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism and promotion of appropriate use of medicines in the hospital.
Use of rituximab as a treatment for systemic lupus erythematosus: retrospective review
Authors: Machado Roberta Ismael Lacerda , Scheinberg Morton Aaron , Queiroz Maria Yvone Carlos Formiga de , Brito Danielle Christinne Soares Egypto de , Guimarães Maria Fernanda Brandao de Resende , Giovelli Raquel Altoé , Freire Eutilia Andrade Medeiros
Published: April 2014

Objective : To report the experience in three Brazilian institutions with the use of rituximab in patients with different clinical forms of lupus erythematosus systemic in activity. Methods : The study consisted of a sample of 17 patients with LES, who were already being treated, but that at some stage of the disease showed refractory symptoms. The patients were subdivided into groups according to the clinical manifestation, and the responses for the use of rituximab were rated as complete, partial or no response. Data were collected through a spreadsheet, and used specific parameters for each group. The treatment was carried on by using therapeutic dose of 1g, and repeating the infusion within an interval of 15 days. Results : The clinical responses to rituximab of the group only hematological and of the group only osteoarticular were complete in all cases. In the renal group there was a clinical complete response, two partial and one absent. In the renal and hematological group complete response, there was one death and a missing response. The pulmonary group presented a complete response and two partial. Conclusion : The present study demonstrated that rituximab can bring benefits to patients with lupus erythematosus systemic, with good tolerability and mild side effects; it presented, however, variable response according to the system affected.
Effects of different intensities of physical exercise on insulin sensitivity and protein kinase B/Akt activity in skeletal muscle of obese mice
Authors: Marinho Rodolfo , Moura Leandro Pereira de , Rodrigues Bárbara de Almeida , Pauli Luciana Santos Souza , Silva Adelino Sanchez Ramos da , Ropelle Eloize Cristina Chiarreotto , Souza Claudio Teodoro de , Cintra Dennys Esper Corrêa , Ropelle Eduardo Rochete , Pauli José Rodrigo
Published: April 2014

Objective : To investigate the effects of different intensities of acute exercise on insulin sensitivity and protein kinase B/Akt activity in skeletal muscle of obese mice. Methods : Swiss mice were randomly divided into four groups, and fed either a standard diet (control group) or high fat diet (obese sedentary group and obese exercise group 1 and 2) for 12 weeks. Two different exercise protocols were used: swimming for 1 hour with or without an overload of 5% body weight. The insulin tolerance test was performed to estimate whole-body sensitivity. Western blot technique was used to determine protein levels of protein kinase B/Akt and phosphorylation by protein Kinase B/Akt in mice skeletal muscle. Results : A single bout of exercise inhibited the high fat diet-induced insulin resistance. There was increase in phosphorylation by protein kinase B/Akt serine, improve in insulin signaling and reduce of fasting glucose in mice that swam for 1 hour without overload and mice that swan for 1 hour with overload of 5%. However, no significant differences were seen between exercised groups. Conclusion : Regardless of intensity, aerobic exercise was able to improve insulin sensitivity and phosphorylation by protein kinase B/Ak, and proved to be a good form of treatment and prevention of type 2 diabetes.
Effectiveness of exercise at workplace in physical fitness: uncontrolled randomized study
Authors: Grande Antônio José , Silva Valter , Parra Sérgio Alencar
Published: April 2014

Objective : To investigate the effectiveness of workplace exercise for employee health by means of health-related physical activity components. Methods : A randomized uncontrolled study with 20 workers was carried out during three months to evaluate a workplace exercise program. The selected outcomes were flexibility, body mass, fat percentage, lean mass, blood pressure, and heart rate. For statistical analysis, the paired t test and the intent-to-treat analysis were used. Results : There was a significant increase in weight, fat percentage, blood pressure, and heart rate. However the clinical significance was 10% in the size of the effect. Conclusion : The changes verified in the outcomes analyzed were not significant; the variables are within normality ranges proposed by academic organizations
Analysis of smoke cessation rate and profile of former smokers living in Belo Horizonte and Metropolitan Region
Authors: Claudino Luana Maria Oliveira , Abreu Mery Natali Silva
Published: April 2014

Objective : To estimate the smoking cessation rate and to identify possible associated factors. Methods : Individuals from the Metropolitan Region of Belo Horizonte (MG) aged 15 years or more who responded to the smoking supplement of the National Household Sample Survey were selected (n=1,297). An estimate was made of the tobacco-use cessation rate relative to the 95% confidence interval. To verify factors associated with smoking cessation, Pearson’s χ2 test or Student’s t test were used. Results : The general smoking cessation rate was 56.7% (95% confidence interval: 52.3-61.1), with 57.7% among men and 55.5% among women. The associated factors were higher age and income. Among the 19 individuals who had stopped smoking for less than 12 months, 52.6% had been seen by a physician or healthcare professional in the previous 12 months, and 60% of them were oriented to stop smoking, but only 1 (16.7%) had been oriented at a unit of the public national Unified Healthcare System. Conclusion : Despite high rates of smoking cessation, the methods made available by the Unified Healthcare System did not show good results. It is necessary to enhance the healthcare programs that aim to reduce the proportion of smokers in the population. Such measures can have a positive long-term influence in droping mortality and morbidity rates associated with smoking and the costs for healthcare services.
Cardiac stem cells and their clinical use
Authors: Pasternak Jacyr
Published: April 2014

Stem cells have been used to correct the ravages of atherosclerotic heart disease and other diseases that involve acute deficit of myocardial muscle, such as myocarditis. Previous attempts at using bone marrow derived from stem cells have not been particularly successful. New technologies using cardiac stem cells seem to offer a better perspective of obtaining such regeneration.
Normalization of lymphocyte count after high ablative dose of I-131 in a patient with chronic lymphoid leukemia and secondary papillary carcinoma of the thyroid. Case report
Authors: Thom Anneliese Rosmarie Gertrud Fischer , Hamerschlak Nelson , Teles Verônica Goes , Osawa Akemi , Santos Fabio Pires de Souza , Pasqualin Denise da Cunha , Wagner Jairo , Yamaga Lilian Yuri Itaya , Cunha Marcelo Livorsi da , Campos Neto Guilherme de Carvalho , Funari Marcelo Buarque de Gusmão
Published: April 2014

The authors report the case of a 70-year-old male patient with chronic lymphoid leukemia who presented subsequently a papillary carcinoma of the thyroid with metastases to regional lymph nodes. The patient was treated with surgical thyroidectomy with regional and cervical lymph node excision and radioiodine therapy (I-131). The protocolar control scintigraphy 4 days after the radioactive dose showed I-131 uptake in both axillae and even in the inguinal regions. PET/CT showed faint FDG-F-18 uptake in one lymph node of the left axilla. An ultrasound guided fine needle biopsy of this lymph node identified by I-131 SPECT/CT and FDG-F-18 PET/CT revealed lymphoma cells and was negative for thyroid tissue and thyroglobulin content. The sequential blood counts done routinely after radiation treatment showed a marked fall until return to normal values of leucocytes and lymphocytes (absolute and relative), which were still normal in the last control 19 months after the radioiodine administration. Chest computed tomography showed a decrease in size of axillary and para-aortic lymph nodes. By immunohistochemistry, cells of the lymphoid B lineage decreased from 52% before radioiodine therapy to 5% after the procedure. The authors speculate about a possible sodium iodide symporter expression by the cells of this lymphoma, similar to some other non-thyroid tumors, such as breast cancer cells.
Obesity and lung function: a systematic review
Authors: Melo Luciana Costa , Silva Maria Alayde Mendonça da , Calles Ana Carolina do Nascimento
Published: April 2014

Obesity is a chronic disease characterized by the excessive accumulation of body fat that is harmful to the individuals. Respiratory disorders are among the comorbidities associated with obesity. This study had the objective of investigating the alterations in respiratory function that affect obese individuals. A systematic review was performed, by selecting publications in the science databases MEDLINE and LILACS, using PubMed and SciELO. The articles that assessed pulmonary function by plethysmography and/or spirometry in obese individuals aged under 18 years were included. The results demonstrated that the obese individuals presented with a reduction in lung volume and capacity as compared to healthy individuals. Reduction of total lung capacity and reduction of forced vital capacity, accompanied by reduction of the forced expiratory volume after one second were the most representative findings in the samples. The articles analyzed proved the presence of a restrictive respiratory pattern associated with obesity.
Análise da validade dos parâmetros absolutos e relativos para o cálculo da potência anaeróbia no RAST
Authors: MEZÊNCIO Bruno , SONCIN Rafael , CLAUDINO João Gustavo de Oliveira , FERREIRA Jacielle Carolina , AMADIO Alberto Carlos , SERRÃO Júlio Cerca , HUEBNER Rudolf , SZMUCHROWSKI Leszek Antoni
Published: April 2014

O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar a validade dos parâmetros de potência absolutos e relativos do Running-based Anaerobic Sprint Test (RAST) com base no teste de Wingate (WAnT). Doze voluntários do sexo masculino com idade de 25,50 anos (± 2,32) realizaram os testes RAST e WAnT. Foram observados valores significativos (p < 0,01) de correlação para a potência máxima absoluta (r = 0,76) e para a potência média absoluta (r = 0,74) dos testes, entretanto, os valores relativos apresentaram correlações não significativas (r = 0,54 e 0,27 respectivamente). Todos os parâmetros analisados apresentaram diferenças significativas (p < 0,01) na comparação entre WAnT e RAST. Desta forma, os resultados sugerem que apenas os parâmetros de potência absoluta do RAST são válidos. Assim ao aplicar o RAST para avaliação e/ou prescrição de treinamento, ou em pesquisas científicas, devem ser usados preferencialmente os parâmetros absolutos do teste.
A participação dos pais na carreira das atletas femininas de ginástica artística: a perspectiva dos técnicos
Authors: NUNOMURA Myrian , OLIVEIRA Mauricio Santos
Published: April 2014

Este estudo teve por objetivo identificar e discutir como os técnicos de Ginástica Artística avaliam a participação dos pais no desenvolvimento atlético das ginastas nas categorias formativas. Trinta e quatro técnicos que estão distribuídos em 29 instituições do Brasil foram entrevistados. Para o tratamento dos dados utilizamos a técnica de análise de conteúdo proposta por Bardin. Observou-se que a maioria dos técnicos reconhece a importância da participação dos pais e, assim, busca estabelecer canais de comunicação e aproximação para que os mesmos estejam engajados com o cotidiano dos treinamentos e das competições, bem como cientes das suas atitudes, ações e investimentos que são fundamentais para apoiar o sucesso das ginastas no esporte de competição.
Effect of environments on the estimated genetic potential of segregating common bean populations
Authors: Rocha Gilmar Silvério da , Carneiro José Eustáquio de Souza , Rezende Júnior Laércio da Silva , Silva Vanessa Maria Pereira e , Menezes Júnior José Ângelo Nogueira de , Carneiro Pedro Crescêncio Souza , Cecon Paulo Roberto
Published: April 2014

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of environments on the estimated genetic potential of common bean populations for the traits hypocotyl diameter and grain yield. We evaluated 48 segregating bean populations in the growing seasons winter 2009 (F2 and F3 simultaneously) and drought 2010 (F3 and F4 generations simultaneously), and 16 controls. The genetic potential of the population was estimated using the methodology of Jinks and Pooni. The coincidence between the best and worst populations in the two growing seasons and different generations for the two characters was low, indicating that the environmental effect interferes with the selection of common bean populations when using the method of Jinks and Pooni. Thus, it is recommended that the genetic potential should be estimated based on the evaluation of a larger number of environments.
Mapping of resistance genes to races 1, 3 and 5 of Podosphaera xanthii in melon PI 414723
Authors: Fazza Ana Carolina , Dallagnol Leandro José , Fazza Ana Cristina , Monteiro Carolina C. , Lima Bruno Marco de , Wassano Debora Targino , Camargo Luis Eduardo Aranha
Published: April 2014

The fungus Podosphaera xanthii affects melon crops and presents several races controlled by race-specific resistance genes. The accession PI 414723 is resistant to races 1, 3 and 5 and it is a suitable source of resistance genes. The inheritance of resistance to these races was analyzed on 87 F2 plants from the cross of PI 414723 × Védrantais, and resistance to all three races could be explained by the segregation of a single dominant gene, although a digenic model could also be accepted. A genetic map was assembled with 206 markers, and co-segregation analysis of resistance phenotypes indicated the existence of two linked loci in linkage group II, one conferring resistance to races 1 and 5 (denominated Pm-x1,5), and the second to race 3 (denominated Pm-x3), located 5.1 cM apart. This study reports for the first time the existence of Pm-x3 and the genetic locations of these resistance genes from PI 414723.
Induced desynaptic variation in poppy (Papaver somniferum L.)
Authors: Naseem Sana , Kumar Girjesh
Published: April 2014

Cytological investigation of EMS (ethyl methane sulphonate) treated population demonstrated enhanced univalent frequency per cell with unequal separation at Anaphase I. In contrast to controlled plants, medium strong type desynaptic plants were obtained from 0.6 % EMS treated set, revealing high frequency of univalents at Metaphase I, along with bivalents, which were loosely paired. The univalents remained unpaired till the end of meiosis, leading to formation of micronuclei and abnormal tetrads. These plants had high pollen inviability and sterile seeds. It might be possible that EMS had acted on some genes responsible for chiasma formation, resulting in early chiasma dissociation, which suggests that EMS can act as a potential tool in the development of male sterile lines. The study demonstrated the feasibility of chemical mutagenesis in mutation breeding programme on poppy (Papaver somniferum L.).
IAC 203 and IAC 204: new upland rice varieties for the State of São Paulo
Authors: Regitano Neto Amadeu , Gallo Paulo Boller , Ramos Junior Edison Ulisses , Kiihl Tammy Aparecida Manabe , Azzini Luiz Ernesto
Published: April 2014

The release of good yielding cultivars, which present low height, short cycle and responsiveness to new technologies, supports modern agriculture. The cultivars IAC 203 and IAC 204 are new options for upland rice cultivation for the State of São Paulo.
Evaluation of special grains bean lines for grain yield, cooking time and mineral concentrations
Authors: Ribeiro Nerinéia Dalfollo , Rodrigues Josana de Abreu , Prigol Marina , Nogueira Cristina Wayne , Storck Lindolfo , Gruhn Eduardo Muller
Published: April 2014

Genetic variability of 32 inbred special grains bean lines was investigated for grain yield, mass of 100 grains, cooking time, and mineral concentrations in grains, and Z index was used for selection of superior lines in most of the characters. IAC Centauro, IAC Galante, Xamego, Ouro Branco, Montcalm, and Hooter lines presented high yield grain, short cooking time (less than 24 min), and high potassium (>14 g kg-1dry matter [DM]), calcium (>1.42 g kg-1DM), iron (>97.60 mg kg-1DM), zinc (>29.05 mg kg-1DM) and copper (>8.67 mg kg-1DM) concentrations, and their dietary use is therefore recommended. Cal-96 line presents higher Z index for grain yield and for the most of the minerals, and its use is recommended for crosses for the development of superior lines.
Diallel analysis of maize inbred lines for grain yield, oil and protein content
Authors: Werle Amir José Klein , Ferreira Fernando Rafael Alves , Pinto Ronald José Barth , Mangolin Claudete Aparecida , Scapim Carlos Alberto , Gonçalves Leandro Simões Azeredo
Published: April 2014

This study aimed to investigate the combining ability and heterotic effects on grain yield (GY), oil content (OC) and crude protein (CP) in tropical and temperate maize lines. Hybrids and inbred lines were evaluated in a complete diallel scheme without reciprocals, in two experiments in randomized blocks with three replications. The partitioning of the sum of squares for general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining ability indicated that both additive and non-additive effects were involved in the genetic control of the studied traits. The estimates of the quadratic components showed predominance of non-additive genetic effects in the trait control. However, for OC and CP, the non-additive effect had a clearly negative influence on the hybrid combinations. The cross L6x L10was considered promising, because it associated RG positively with BP and OC.
Variability, heritability, and correlations of agronomic traits in an onion landrace and derived S1 lines
Authors: Porta Bettina , Rivas Mercedes , Gutiérrez Lucía , Galván Guillermo A
Published: April 2014

This study assessed variability, heritability and correlations of agronomic traits in an onion (Allium cepa L.) landrace and derived S1lines after a single selfing generation. Bulbs used to develop S1lines were selected for shape, colour and high number of skins. Fifty-one S1lines and the original population were evaluated using an incomplete random block design. The original population and S1lines were highly diverse for quantitative and qualitative traits. S1lines were significantly different, with transgressive segregation for number and maximum leaf length, bulbing index, bulb weight, diameter, and dry matter content. Variances within S1lines were greater than among S1lines for all traits. Bulb colour and number of skins responded to selection. Heritabilities for dry matter and soluble solids were 52.6% and 36.1% respectively. Both traits were highly correlated. The development of S1lines allowed the expression of genetic variation and the identification of better genotypes for agronomic traits of interest.
Combining ability of grain sorghum lines selected for Aluminum tolerance
Authors: Menezes Cicero Beserra , Carvalho Júnior Geraldo Afonso de , Silva Lidianne Assis , Bernardino Karine Costa , Souza Vander Fillipe , Tardin Flávio Dessaune , Schaffert Robert Eugene
Published: April 2014

The purpose of this study was to estimate combining ability of 58 sorghum lines previously selected for Aluminum (Al) tolerance. One hundred sixty-five hybrids were evaluated at three levels of Al saturation (0%, 20% and 50%) at the same season. General Combining Ability (GCA) effects were significant for female lines for all three traits. GCA effects for male lines were significant only for plant height. Specific Combining Ability (SCA) effects were significant only for flowering time. The ratio GCA to SCA was greater than the unity, indicating the prevalence of additive effects for the control of Al tolerance. F7, F14, F17, F20, F21, F24, F29, F31, F41, F42, F48, F51, F54 and F55 lines contributed to increase yield, while F29, F48 and F51 also contributed to reduce flowering time. M2 was the best male line since it contributed to increase yield and plant height, and to reduce flowering time.
Yield performance of half-sib families of physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.)
Authors: Spinelli Victor Mousinho , Dias Luiz Antônio dos Santos , Rocha Rodrigo Barros , Resende Marcos Deon Vilela
Published: April 2014

Among the oilseed plants, physic nut stands out for its yield potential and for the quality of its oil for biodiesel and biokerosene production. Currently, low seed yield, uneven fruit maturation and the lack of high yielding genotypes limit the viability of this crop. Here we evaluated the yield performance of a population, structured in 16 half-sib families, in the 2nd, 3rd and 4th years after planting (2009-11). Seed yield showed variability. The families maintained their relative performance over time. Contrary to expectations, seed yield was lower in the 4th year, probably due the increased competition between plants and leafhopper (Empoasca spp) incidence. Temporal yield stability and adaptability estimates indicated a trend toward maintaining plant superiority over time, and families 7 (1059 kg ha-1) and 12 (984 kg ha-1) showed the best stability and yield performance. Physic nut has the potential for greater yield gains.
Kinetics of crystallization of Ge30-xSe70Sbx (x=15, 20, 25) chalcogenide glasses
Authors: Kaswan Anusaiya , Kumari Vandana , Patidar Dinesh , Saxena Narendra , Sharma Kananbala
Published: April 2014

The kinetics of crystallization of Ge30-xSe70Sbx (x=15, 20, 25) chalcogenide
glasses has been investigated using differential scanning calorimetery at
different heating rates under non-isothermal conditions. The kinetic
analysis of crystallization has been discussed using different theoretical
approaches such as Ozawa model, Augis and Bennet model, Matusita model and
Gao-Wang model. It is evident from this study that the activation energy of
crystallization Ec is composition dependent. The activation energy decreases
with increasing Sb content due to the increasing of rate of crystallization.
The minimum value of the frequency factor Ko, which is defined as the number
of attempts made by the nuclei per second to overcome the energy barrier,
confirms the fact that glass is more stable. It has been found that
Ge15Se70Sb15 glass is more stable compared to the other compositions.
Models of knowledge and skeptical paradox
Authors: Mancic Zeljko
Published: April 2014

This article is concerned with analysis of the skeptical paradox from the
fallibilistic and infalibilistic models of knowledge standpoint. If we could
consider these two models as models which can be found in philosophy of
science and science itself, we might show that the key to defend our ordinary
knowledge claims from the skeptical attacks consists of explaining on which
model we base our knowledge claims found in the skeptical paradox. I shall
attempt to investigate chief advantages and disadvantages of the both models,
and then to explore which one of them is a better path to take when dealing
with the skeptic.
Criteria of non-exclusivity in solution of Fermi paradox
Authors: Jevtic Vladimir
Published: April 2014

In this paper we will try to express one of the solutions of the famous ?Fermi
paradox? which will be of non-exclusivity type, and which will be universal.
The focus is on that all tries of search for intelligent alien life are too
much anthropocentric, namely we point on that our very comprehend of the
notion ?intelligence? is problematic, because not even in principle we can
not separate ourselves from our very concept which implied a technological
civilization of our type.
The political mechanics and its dialectic: Toward a new theory of politics
Authors: Cveticanin Neven
Published: April 2014

This paper presents a outline for a new theory of politics, in terms of the
offer of a new theoretical apparatus ie. new methodological pattern for a
comparative analysis of political ideas and concepts. The paper presents the
concept of the so-called Political Mechanics and explains its historical
Dialectic due to which the different political ideas/ideologies can be
classified by the place they occupied in the historical process. This allows
new understanding of the political ideas/ideologies in a new way, no longer
as an abstract ideas without any historical foundation but as a specific
products of historical process, ie. only within a particular historical
context in which they occurred. This context is determined by the Political
Mechanics and its Dialectic, whose functioning is described in this paper.
Difficulties in proving medical errors: Where do we stand?
Authors: Ignjatovic-Ristic Dragana , Vasiljevic Svetlana , Rancic Nemanja , Ristic Branko
Published: April 2014

nema
Invalidity and deformity in the art of Weimar Republic
Authors: Vlajic Ada
Published: April 2014

nema
Core Blowing Process - Assessment of Core Sands Properties and Preliminary Model Testing
Authors: Dańko R. , Dańko J. , Burbelko A. , Skrzyński M.
Published: April 2014

The effects of filling the core box cavity and sand compaction in processes of core production by blowing methods (blowing, shooting) depend on several main factors. The most important are: geometrical parameters of cavity and complexity of its shape, number, distribution and shape of blowing holes feeding sands as well as the venting of a technological cavity. Values of individual parameters are selected according to various criteria, but mostly they should be adjusted to properties of the applied core sand. Various methods developed by several researchers, including the authors own attempts, allow to assess core sands properties on the basis of special technological tests projecting the process into a laboratory scale. The developed criteria defining a degree or a filling ability factor provide a better possibility of assessing the core sand behavior during flowing and core box filling, which indicate the value and structure of the obtained compacting decisive - after hardening - for strength and permeability. The mentioned above aspects are analyzed - on the basis of authors’ own examinations - in the hereby paper.
Supporting the Bronze CastingThrough Information Structuring Based on Ontology application
Authors: Górny Z. , Wilk-Kołodziejczyk D. , Smolarek-Grzyb A.
Published: April 2014

A significant part of the knowledge used in the production processes is represented with natural language. Yet, the use of that knowledge in computer-assisted decision-making requires the application of appropriate formal and development tools. An interesting possibility is created by the use of an ontology that is understandable both for humans and for the computer. This paper presents a proposal for structuring the information about the foundry processes, based on the definition of ontology adapted to the physical structure of the ongoing technological operations that make up the process of producing castings.
The Effect of the Number of Eutectic Grains on Coating Growth During Hot Dip Galvanising of Ductile Iron Castings
Authors: Kopyciński D. , Guzik E. , Szczęsny A.
Published: April 2014

Studies were conducted on a zinc coating produced on the surface of ductile iron grade EN-GJS-500-7 to determine the eutectic grain effect. For this purpose, castings with a wall thickness of 5 to 30 mm were made and the resulting structure was examined. To obtain a homogeneous metal matrix, samples were subjected to a ferritising annealing treatment. To enlarge the reaction surface, the top layer was removed from casting by machining. Then hot dip galvanising treatment was performed at 450°C to capture the kinetics of growth of the zinc coating (in the period from 60 to 600 seconds). Analysing the test results it was found that within the same time of hot dip galvanising, the differences in the resulting zinc coating thickness on samples taken from castings with different wall cross-sections were small but could, particularly for shorter times of treatment, reduce the continuity of the alloyed layer of the zinc coating.
Directional Solidification of AlSi Alloys with Fe Intermetallic Phases
Authors: Mikołajczak P. , Ratke L.
Published: April 2014

Directional solidification technique is an important research instrument to study solidification of metals and alloys. In the paper the model [6,7,8] of directional solidification in special Artemis-3 facility was presented. The current work aimed to propose the ease and efficient way in calibrating the facility. The introduced M coefficient allowed effective calibration and implementation of defined thermal conditions. The specimens of AlSi alloys with Fe-rich intermetallics and especially deleterious β-Al5FeSi were processed by controlled solidification velocity, temperature gradient and cooling rate.
Recovery of Tellurium From Sodium Carbonate Slag
Authors: Kucharski M. , Madej P. , Wedrychowicz M. , Sak T. , Mróz W.
Published: April 2014

This study is devoted to tellurium recovery from sodium carbonate slag, formed in the fire refining process of crude silver. The slag was modified by silica additions and then reduced by carbon oxide. The degree of the slag modification was defined by the parameter kw:

where:ni- the mole numbers of silica, sodium carbonate and sodium oxide. The compositions of the investigated slag determined by the parameter kw and the mole fraction of the tellurium oxide (xTeO2 ) are given in the following Table.

The reduction of tellurium was very fast for all the investigated slags, which was manifested by an almost complete conversion of CO into CO2. Unfortunately, at the same time, a side reaction took place, and as a results sodium telluride was formed, which reported to the slag:

(Na2O)slag + Te(g) + CO = (Na2Te)slag + CO2

The tellurium content in the reduced slag decreases as the parameter kw increases, and only the slag with the kw equal unity was suitable for the tellurium recovery in form of dusts, containing more than 76 wt-% tellurium.
Severe Plastic Deformation Induced in Al, Al-Si, Ag and Cu by Hydrostatic Extrusion
Authors: Kulczyk M. , Przybysz S. , Skiba J. , Pachla W.
Published: April 2014

The study was concerned with the effect of severe deformation induced in one pass, by hydrostatic extrusion on the properties of fine aluminum, aluminum-silicon alloy, copper and silver wires. The influence of adiabatic heating which takes place during deformation on the mechanical properties and microstructure of the wires was examined. The quality of the surface of the wires was estimated. It has been demonstrated that fine aluminum and silver wires processed by hydrostatic extrusion have very good mechanical properties and a high-quality surface.
Comparison of Energy Absorption Properties of High Nitrogen Austenitic Steel and Cast Alloy Determined Using Low Velocity Perforation Test
Authors: Mocko W.
Published: April 2014

The results of energy absorbing analysis of VP159 austenitic steel and LH556 cast alloy were presented in this article. The assessment was carried out on the basis of drop-weight tower perforation test at impact energy equal to 500J and striker velocity equal to 12,5 m/s. Moreover, the basic mechanical properties of both tested materials were estimated in order to calibrate coefficients of the Johnson-Cook visco-plasticity model and Johnson-Cook damage initialization criterion as well. Subsequently, both models were applied for the finite element method simulation of perforation process. The reasonable agreement between measured and calculated shape of energy absorption curves were obtained for steel and cast alloy as well.