bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bosques y sustentabilidad.
Authors: Arce Rojas Rodrigo Severo
Published: December 2021

El presente artículo reflexivo está orientado a entender de qué manera la discusión sobre la sustentabilidad del desarrollo está relacionado con el entendimiento y las prácticas de sustentabilidad en los bosques con el propósito de contribuir a fortalecer la institucionalización de los enfoques y prácticas de sustentabilidad en el sector forestal. Para el efecto se ha realizado una revisión bibliográfica a la que se suma la experiencia del autor en formulación de políticas públicas forestales. De la reflexión se concluye que el entendimiento del proceso histórico de la concepción de la sustentabilidad del desarrollo contribuye a un mejor entendimiento de los enfoques y prácticas de sustentabilidad en los bosques. Es así cómo es posible entender que en el Perú, como en otras partes de Latinoamérica, las ciencias forestales han conservado su perspectiva fuertemente disciplinaria cuyo principal propósito es el abastecimiento continuo de madera a la industria forestal y la preocupación por incrementar la participación del sector forestal al PBI nacional. Aunque existen profesionales forestales dedicados a la conservación y a la diversidad biológica forestal éstos son considerados como propios del mundo de la conservación y no tanto de la producción forestal. La institucionalidad y la academia contribuyen a esta disyunción. No obstante la complejidad de la realidad y la gran crisis ambiental planetaria, a la que se suma la crisis sanitaria de la pandemia del coronavirus, están dando cuenta de la necesidad de ampliar la mirada. Aunque en el Perú existen algunos casos honrosos de la búsqueda de sustentabilidad del manejo forestal no es posible generalizarlo aún. Consecuentemente es necesario retomar con profesionalismo y ética la búsqueda de una sustentabilidad profunda, proceso al que históricamente ha contribuido a partir de la concepción inicial de rendimiento sostenido.
AUTOMATIC TRANSFER SWITCH UNTUK RUMAH TINGGAL SEDERHANA BERBASIS ARDUINO NANO
Authors: Rayatman Abdi , Arifin Yusnaini , Dewi Sari , Mardiansyah Mardiansyah
Published: December 2021

Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS) is a device that can move the main power source to a backup power source automatically and quickly when the main power source experiences a disturbance or cut-off of supply to the load. In this study, ATS was designed based on the Arduino Nano microcontroller as an automatic control that works based on voltage readings. Using the Arduino Nano microcontroller can facilitate the process of making tools and minimize the use of components. This ATS uses the PZEM-004T voltage sensor module. The voltage sensor module functions to detect and measure the value of the PLN voltage. From the test results, it was found that the time lag between the PLN supply being cut off until the generator was turned on and ready to load was an average of 2.76 seconds. Meanwhile, the time lag when the PLN supply turns on again until the generator supply is cut off and the load supply is again served by PLN is an average of 1.74 seconds. All working status of this ATS panel can be displayed on the LCD indicator, indicator light and analog voltmeter.
ÜRİNER İNKONTİNANSI OLAN KADINLARDA HEMŞİRELİK YAKLAŞIMLARI
Authors: Yıldız Şeyda , Turan Zekiye
Published: December 2021

Üriner inkontinans ‘her türlü idrar kaçırma’ şeklinde tanımlanmaktadır. Toplumda net olarak prevelansı saptanamayıp oldukça sık görülen sağlık problemidir. Birçok kadın üriner inkontinansı yaşlanmanın doğal bir sonucu olarak görmekte ve ihmal edilen sağlık problemi olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Her kadının sağlık hizmetine eşit şartlarda ulaşamaması, fazla ve sık doğum, kötü hijyen, toplum tarafından ayıplanma ve utanma duygusu gibi birçok farklı sebepten ötürü üriner inkontinans üzeri örtülen, tespiti zor ve önemli bir sağlık problemi haline gelmiştir. Üriner inkontinans konusunda eğitilmiş hemşireler hasta tanılamada, konservatif tedavi tekniklerini hastaya öğretip uygulamada multidisipliner sağlık ekibinin önemli bir parçasıdır. Bu anlamda hemşirelerin, kadınların üriner inkontinans risk faktörlerini değerlendirmesi, maruziyetlerini önleyerek korunma yolları hakkında danışmanlık yapması önem arz etmektedir. Tüm bunlar doğrultusunda bu derlemenin amacı üriner inkontinansı; risk faktörleri, tipleri ve tüm güncel tedavi yöntemlerini kanıt düzeyleri ile ele alarak hemşirelik yaklaşımlarının önemini vurgulamaktır.
MATERNAL BAĞLANMA DÜZEYİ VE ETKİLEYEN FAKTÖRLER
Authors: Çimen Kevser , Varol Handan
Published: December 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, doğum sonu dönemde maternal bağlanma düzeyinin belirlenmesi ve etkileyen faktörlerin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tipte bir araştırma olarak planlanan bu çalışmanın örneklemini Ocak - Şubat 2020 tarihleri arasında Sakarya ili Sakarya Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi lohusa servisinde yatmakta olan, vajinal ve sezaryen doğum yapan 340 anne oluşturmaktadır. Maternal bağlanmayı ölçmek amacı ile Muller tarafından geliştirilen Maternal Bağlanma Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Veriler, bilgisayar ortamında, SPSS (versiyon 21.0) İstatistik Paket programında değerlendirilmiştir. Analizler için student T testi, One Way Anova testi ve çoklu karşılaştırmalar için Bonferroni testi kullanılmıştır. İstatistiksel anlamlılık değeri p
Tổng quan mô hình nghiên cứu vết thương thực nghiệm và phương pháp đánh giá quá trình liền vết thương. Phần 1: Tổng quan về một số mô hình nghiên cứu liền vết thương trên động vật
Authors: Nguyễn Ngọc Tuấn
Published: December 2021

Liền vết thương (LVT) là quá trình phức tạp, chủ yếu do tính chất đa yếu tố của môi trường vết thương (VT) và sự phức tạp của quá trình liền, có sự tích hợp nhiều loại tế bào và gồm nhiều giai đoạn chồng chéo nhau (viêm, tăng sinh, tái biểu mô và tái tạo). Có nhiều mô hình tiền lâm sàng tiến hành trên động vật (chuột, thỏ, lợn…) để cố gắng mô phỏng các vết thương cấp tính hoặc suy giảm (như vết thương do tiểu đường và dinh dưỡng..,) ở người. Sau khi xác định phương pháp gây vết thương, cần lựa chọn các phương pháp nghiên cứu thích hợp, cho phép theo dõi tiến triển vết thương theo thời gian. Việc đánh giá có thể bằng các quy trình không xâm lấn như theo dõi lâm sàng, hình ảnh, lý sinh và/hoặc bằng các quy trình xâm lấn (sinh thiết vết thương).Bài tổng quan gồm hai phần chính:Phần 1: Tổng quan về một số mô hình nghiên cứu liền vết thương trên động vật.Phần 2: Các phương pháp đánh giá tiến triển vết thương được sử dụng nhiều nhất.
BOOK REVIEW: Lyndsey STONEBRIDGE. 2020. Writing and Righting: Literature in the Age of Human Rights. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 176 pp. ISBN 9780198814054
Authors:   Department of Comparative Governance and European Studies, Faculty of Political Science, University of Bucharest, Romania, NICOLAESCU Brîndușa
Published: December 2021

BOOK REVIEW: Lyndsey STONEBRIDGE. 2020. Writing and Righting: Literature in the Age of Human Rights. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 176 pp. ISBN 9780198814054
La paridad, ¿un camino a la igualdad? Análisis de las elecciones 2013
Authors: Goyes Solanda
Published: December 2021

El artículo busca clarificar los alcances del principio y derecho a la paridad, establecida en la Constitución de la República del Ecuador (2008), para luego analizar lo concerniente a la paridad política electoral tomando como base los datos electorales de 2013. Se analiza el cumplimiento de los principales componentes paritarios como el porcentaje de participación de hombres y mujeres en listas de candidaturas pluripersonales y la ubicación dentro de la misma versus los resultados electorales, para determinar el nivel de efectividad del modelo paritario vigente en la incorporación numérica de mujeres a los espacios de elección popular. Finalmente, se indaga en algunos posibles elementos del sistema electoral y de partidos políticos, que podrían influir en la diferencia subsistente entre la participación porcentual de mujeres en las listas de candidaturas con su presencia en el resultado electoral.
Ecuador 2017: fortaleciendo procesos electorales incluyentes
Authors: à Petit Louis Pacôme Girod
Published: December 2021

A raíz de la singular organización de la participación electoral en el país y en el contexto de las elecciones generales de 2017, el Instituto de la Democracia, institución adscrita al Consejo Nacional Electoral, realiza una investigación sobre este ejercicio de los derechos políticos de las personas del voto facultativo y el voto obligatorio de las personas privadas de la libertad, en cuatro partes:1. análisis histórico: hitos de inclusión y exclusión del voto;2. análisis comparado: participación electoral de las personas integradas en el voto facultativo y obligatorio de las PPL;3. encuesta a sujetos de voto facultativo y PPL;4. análisis hermenéutico: propuestas de campaña de los binomios presidenciales.El presente artículo corresponde a un avance de la investigación que está en curso.
El efecto movilizador de las emociones sobre la participación política online en la segunda vuelta de las elecciones presidenciales en Ecuador 2017
Authors: Zumárraga Espinosa Marcos , Caroflis Cedeño Cynthia , Reyes Valenzuela Carlos
Published: December 2021

Las recientes elecciones presidenciales en Ecuador durante la campaña de los candidatos Lenín Moreno y Guillermo Lasso, suscitaron un uso creciente de las redes sociales. El objetivo del presente estudio es analizar cómo las emociones hacia los dos candidatos promueven la participación política en redes sociales y online, en una muestra de 1136 participantes de la ciudad de Quito. Los resultados evidencian que las emociones sean positivas o negativas, cumplen un rol movilizador sobre la ciudadanía en términos de activismo político vía internet.Asimismo, el candidato Moreno genera estímulos emocionales con un efecto movilizador sobre el electorado, efecto que no se verifica en el caso del candidato Lasso. Se discuten las implicaciones de estos resultados en un contexto de creciente debate en Ecuador sobre la necesidad de establecer mecanismos de control a su uso.
Democracia y dirección científica del Estado y la sociedad
Authors: Maugé Mosquera René
Published: December 2021

El presente artículo tiene como finalidad evidenciar la necesida de establecer la dirección del Estado y de la sociedad con nuevos paradigmas, teniendo en cuenta nuestra época, en que las naciones y las personas deben conocer y comprender las enormes mutaciones que tienen lugar en los procesos de cambio y de globalización del mundo. Uno de esos instrumentos constituye la Administración Pública teniendo como marco conceptual la teoría de los sistemas y el pensamiento complejo. El artículo expone la trama existente entre la sociedad, el Estado y los avances de la ciencia y la tecnología, teniendo como referencia la Constitución ecuatoriana del 2008.
Las nuevas bancadas legislativas en Ecuador (2017)
Authors: Reyes Morales Nicolás , Torres Castro Enrique , Trujillo Montalvo Patricio
Published: December 2021

Los procesos electorales, en Ecuador, han sido complejos escenarios de disputas políticas y de poder. Entre el periodo 2006-2017, 14 elecciones se han realizado, consolidando diversas estrategias y juegos electorales alrededor de clivajes (región, clase, etnia). En la elección presidencial del 2013, el movimiento Alianza PAIS, ganó en primera vuelta y obtuvo una mayoría absoluta de 100 asambleístas, hubo durante 4 años una sola y poderosa bancada legislativa. Los clivajes, como espacios de análisis de procesos electorales particularmente en esa elección no fueron importantes. Curiosamente, en las elecciones del 2017, Alianza PAIS ganó la elección presidencial en una segunda vuelta y alcanzó 74 asambleístas logrando una mayoría en la Asamblea, pero no absoluta, lo que determinó la presencia de varias bancadas legislativas y la futura necesidad de alianzas políticas. El triunfo presidencial en segunda vuelta de Lenín Moreno, visualizó nuevamente la importancia de repensar los clivajes regionales y las alianzas con líderes locales, el mapa electoral de Ecuador volvió a dibujarse con varios colores, configurando divisiones electorales y varias bancadas legislativas.
La democracia en México, entre la participación política y la gobernabilidad
Authors: Flores Quintero Genoveva
Published: December 2021

El artículo describe la evolución de la sociedad mexicana y su relación con el Estado y los diferentes gobiernos en el poder, a partir de Hernán Cortez y Moctezuma hasta el gobierno actual de Enrique Peña Nieto. Tiene por objeto describir la evolución de la sociedad civil mexicana tomando como referente a los diferentes presidentes de México y sus posturas, leyes y decisiones frente a la participación ciudadana. Evidencia el surgimiento y el triunfo de candidatos independientes en las elecciones 2015 como una muestra de la evolución de la sociedad mexicana y de la forma de hacer política.
¿Cómo cambia la comunicación política? Reflexiones y tendencias a partir de las experiencias de América Latina
Authors: Crespo Martínez Ismael
Published: December 2021

Este texto tiene como objeto analizar los cambios que se están produciendo en la comunicación política que se desarrolla en el marco de las campañas electorales, en especial, pero no solamente, a la luz de las recientes tendencias en diversos países de América Latina y, en menor medida, Europa. La argumentación sobre estos cambios se estructura en diez re! exiones, que fundamentadas en investigaciones previas tanto del autor como de otros investigadores, han podido ser percibidas y contrastadas sobre el terreno, a partir de la experiencia personal como consultor para gobiernos, partidos políticos e instituciones con función ejecutiva.
Participación política de las personas con discapacidad en el Ecuador
Authors: Moreno Andrade Arturo
Published: December 2021

El artículo identifica los avances en el ejercicio de los derechos de participación de las personas con discapacidad en el Ecuador y los diversos factores que han influenciado. Inicia con un análisis de la influencia del pensamiento griego en la interacción social y el ejercicio de derechos de participación de las personas durante el tiempo para posteriormente llegar a la concepción de democracia como un modelo de gobierno que permite acercar a la participación de lo público y garantizar los derechos humanos de los grupos discriminados. El artículo termina mostrando el trabajo desarrollado por el Consejo Nacional Electoral del Ecuador en relación a la inclusión de las personas con discapacidad en los procesos electorales recientes, a través de indicadores de participación política. El artículo termina con un resumen de las principales lecciones aprendidas y las experiencias exitosas en cuanto a la gestión de la institución.
ETİK İKLİM ALGISI VE ÖRGÜTSEL ETKİLERİ: SAĞLIK ÇALIŞANLARI UYGULAMASI
Authors: YAMAN Tufan
Published: December 2021

Çalışan etik iklim algısının, yenilikçi iş davranışı, işten ayrılma niyeti ve iş performansı üzerinde yarattığı etki ve bu etkide çalışanların iş yükü ve örgütle özdeşleşmelerinin rolü incelenmiştir. Geçerliliği ve güvenilirliği ülkemizde yapılmış ölçekler kullanılarak sağlık çalışanlarından elde edilen veriler, SPSS ve AMOS programları ile analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma neticesinde, çalışanların ortak etik iklim algısına sahip olduğu ve bu algının tutum (işten ayrılma niyeti ve iş performansı) ve davranışı (yenilikçi iş davranışı) etkilediği, çalışan iş yükü algısının sadece etik iklim algısı ile iş performansı arasındaki ilişkiyi düzenlediği, çalışan etik iklim algısının; çalışan tutum ve davranışları üzerinde oluşturduğu etkinin bir kısmının örgütsel özdeşleşme ile sağlandığı, çalışan işten ayrılma niyetini, iş performansını ve yenilikçi iş davranışını etkilediği, çalışan demografik yapısına (yaş, cinsiyet, medeni durum, eğitim düzeyi,iş tecrübesi, işletmedeki konum) göre değişkenlerin (cinsiyet ve sağlık çalışanı meslek grubu hariç) anlamlı olarak farklılaştığı tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma bulgularının fayda ve yönlendirme sağlayacağı öngörülmektedir.
Yansıma Sözcükler ve Dilin Nedensizlik İlkesi
Authors: RZAYEV Mirfarid
Published: December 2021

Gösteren ile gösterilen arasında bağ dilbilimde nedensizdir. Yansıma sözcükler ise bu duruma istisna olarak gösterilebilir. Yansıma sözcükler belirli kurallar çerçevesinde doğan, doğanın sesini dile aktaran bir yöntemdir. Bu sözcüklerin nedenli veya nedensiz olması tartışması uzun zamandır devam etmekte; yansıma sözcükler bazı dilbilimciler tarafından nedenli olarak görülürken bazı dilbilimciler tarafından nedensiz olarak görülmekte yani yansıma sözcüklerin gösteren ile gösterileni arasındaki bağın olmadığı bildirilmektedir. Yansıma sözcükler dünya dillerinin ve dil gruplarının hepsinde görülmektedir. Dillerde ve lehçelerde olan yansıma sözcükler aynı nedenle doğsalar bile dillerde hatta lehçelerde bile farklılık gösterebilmektedir. Türk lehçelerinde bu durumu lehçeler birbirlerinden uzaklaştıkça görülmektedir. Bu da yansıma sözcüklerin nedenli veya nedensiz olması tartışmasını bir daha göz önünde bulundurmamıza neden olmaktadır. Asıl gerçeğe baktığımız zaman yansıma sözcükler aynı nedenden doğsalar bile, her dilin ve lehçenin kendi kültürüne, tarihine, oluşumuna, dil dışı etkilere, en önemlisi ise nesilden nesle aktarımda kültürün ve tarihin derin noktalarına kazınarak değişim göstermektedir. Türk kültürünün en önemli eserlerinden biri olan Dîvânu Lugâti't-Türk`teki yansıma sözcükler de aynı şekilde nesilden nesle aktarılırken bazı küçük değişimlere uğramıştır. Dîvânu Lugâti't-Türk`te yer alan yansıma sözcükleri Oğuz grubu Türk lehçeleri ile karşılaştırdığımız zaman çok da büyük değişikliklere uğramadığını görebiliriz. Değişen yansıma sözcüklerin bir kısmı tamamen farklı adlandırılırken, bir kısmı da lehçelerin kendi oluşumlarına göre uyuma girmiştir.
Teknoloji Çağında Çocuk Yetiştirme Rehberi: Yeni Nesil Çocuk
Authors: Akcan Ceylan
Published: December 2021

Tony Ryan tarafından kaleme alınan “Teknoloji Çağında Çocuk Yetiştirme Rehberi Yeni Nesil Çocuk” adlı kitabın, Levent Göktem tarafından çevirisi yapılmıştır. Bu kitap, teknolojinin çok hızlı ilerlediği bu çağda çocuklar ve gençlerin sağlıklı birer birey olarak yetişebilmeleri için teknolojiden nasıl yararlanılabileceği konusunda çeşitli tavsiyelerde bulunmaktadır. Kitabın genel olarak; kendi ayakları üzerinde durabilen, özgüveni yüksek, eleştirel düşünebilen, yeniliklere açık, akılcı ve özgür bireyler olabilmek için nelerin yapılabileceğini ve bu amaçla teknolojiden nasıl yararlanılabileceği konusunda önerilerde bulunmaktadır.
Zihniyet Kuramı ve Öğrenme Motivasyonu
Authors: Bayrakçeken Samih , Samancı Osman , Gökbulut Nur
Published: December 2021

ÖZET
Zor problemlerle karşılaştıklarında bazı öğrenciler hemen pes edip çalışmayı bırakırken, bazıları problemi çözmek için neden daha fazla uğraşmaktadırlar? Çocukların başarısızlıkla nasıl başetmeye çalıştıkları üzerine araştırmalar yapan Amerikalı sosyal psikolog Carol Dweck, bu durumu zihniyet kuramı ile açıklamaktadır. Öz inanç veya örtük zekâ kuramı adı ile de ifade edilen bu kurama göre, insanların temel özellikleri ile ilgili inançları; onların motivasyonlarını, öğrenmeye yaklaşımlarını ve başarı durumlarını yakından etkilemektedir. Bu kurama göre insanlar, sabit ve büyüme zihniyetine sahip olmak üzere iki gruba ayrılmaktadırlar. Sabit zihniyete sahip bireyler, zeka, yetenek veya kişilik gibi temel özelliklerinin değişmeyeceğine inanırlar. Bu zihniyete sahip bireylerin gelişme umutları fazla olmadığından genellikle öğrenmeye karşı motivasyonları, azim ve kararlılıkları da düşüktür. Büyüme zihniyetine sahip bireylerde; zeka, yetenek gibi temel özelliklerinin deştirilebileceği düşüncesi hakimdir. Büyüme zihniyetine sahip bireyler öğrenmeye karşı yüksek bir motivasyona sahip olup, daha iyi olmak için sürekli çaba sarfederler. Yapılan çalışmalar zihniyetin değiştirilebileceğine, gelişme zihniyetinin okuldaki yüksek başarı ile bağlantılı olduğuna dair önemli kanıtlar olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Bu çalışma, büyüme zihniyetinin öğrenme motivasyonu üzerine etkisini ilgili literatüre göre incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Zihniyet kuramı, öğrenmenin anlaşılması ve arttırılması için geniş bir çerçeve sunmaktadır. Bu nedenle çalışmanın, eğitimciler, ebeveynler ve öğrenciler için uygun öğrenme ortamları sağlamada yararlı olacağı düşünülmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler; Zihniyet kuramı, öğrenme motivasyonu, sabit zihniyet, büyüme zihniyeti.
Roles of Managers and Stakeholders Perception on Solar Technology Adoption Intention: A Case of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Ajah Simon Nnaemeka , Pathranarakul Pairote
Published: December 2021

Powers shortages is rampant in Africa of which Nigeria is not an exception and solar technology as a viable alternative source of electricity which would mitigate this problem has meted slow adoption. This study aimed to explore the impact of mindset/attitude from Theory of planned behavior (TPB), Disruptive Innovation Theory (DIA), awareness-knowledge, opportunity and barrier over managers (owners) of MSMEs intention to adopt solar technology for their businesses. A questionnaire was administrated to collect data from a sample of 400 managers (owners) of MSMEs respondents’ in Lagos State, Nigeria. A multivariate technique was applied to test the hypotheses using Structural Equation Modeling (AMOS-23). The findings showed that mindset/attitude, (DIA) and opportunity have a significant impact on solar technology intention, however, awareness-knowledge and barrier were not significant. These independent variables explained 71% variance of the dependent variable intention. In addition, DIA was found to have a significant impact on opportunity, barrier and mindset/attitude however, barrier on mindset/attitude was not significant. These findings not only provide evidence for MSMEs strategic planning to ensure sustainable business growth for their businesses but also provide new knowledge to policy and decision makers, the manufacturing & installation (suppliers) companies and other stakeholders for renewable energy as a part of long term sustainable development.
Эффективность с точки зрения затрат децентрализованных расходов
Authors: Stasiak Jacek
Published: December 2021

согласно теориям фискального федерализма, децентрализованные расходы, на которые местная власть имеет больше влияния, более рентабельны, чем централизованные расходы. Существующая литература в основном подтверждает эту теорию. В исследовании была проанализирована несколько иная проблема, а именно, являются ли более эффективными местные самоуправления, обладающие большим суверенитетом над доходами и расходами.

(ENG): According to the theories of fiscal federalism, decentralized spending, over which the local government has more influence, is more cost-effective than centralized spending. The existing literature largely supports this theory. The study analyzed a slightly different problem, namely, whether local governments with greater sovereignty over revenues and expenditures are more efficient.
FINANCIAL AUTONOMY OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT
Authors: Stasiak Jacek
Published: December 2021

The transfer of financial authority to other public entities, including local government, means a limitation of the state's authority. The essence of the financial independence of local government units lies in the possibility for the state to share certain attributes of financial power with other public entities, legally and organisationally distinct from the state, including local government units.
Perspectives for the development of courier services in post-pandemic reality
Authors: Cywiński Marcin
Published: December 2021

Logistics is the most important element of e-commerce market, because in self existence supports the broad activity of enterprises development. Expanding knowledge in this area allows for a
broad look beyond the basic framework of the market. It is possible by developing ICT systems and new technologies. Virtual activity of the organizations shows the complexity of market development systems. The article present perspectives for the development of couriers services in post-pandemic reality and evaluates Smith`s management system under changing lockdown condition.
Determining the problems experienced by students in their postgraduate course period in the pandemic process
Authors: Şahan S. , Ergin E. , Yıldız A.
Published: December 2021

In the pandemic process caused by COVID-19, considering the working conditions of postgraduate nursing students who are in the profession of nursing, it is important to investigate the problems they experience regarding distance education. While there are many studies in the literature examining the views of undergraduate students on distance education, there has been no study investigating the problems experienced in relation to distance education by postgraduate students in the pandemic period in particular.
The effect of intensive care physicians and nurses' inclination to ethical values on the moral sensitivity
Authors: Menekli T. , Karaca Sivrikaya S. , Akay B. , Yarali Arslan S. , Sevis S. , Durmaz Akyol A.
Published: December 2021

This study was conducted to determine the effect of intensive care physicians and nurses' inclination to ethical values on the moral sensitivity.
Task-based budget as a method of local government financial management
Authors: Stasiak Jacek
Published: December 2021

The aim of this article is to present task-based budgeting as a new method of public finance management: from the central budget to the budgets of the lowest level. Particular attention was paid to the aims and objectives of the budget, as well as to its performance indicators. The publication is theoretical in nature and deals with the analysis of targeted budgeting with regard to public finance, especially in the context of the central government budget.
Moralische Verantwortlichkeit ohne Willensfreiheit
Authors: Lohmar Achim
Published: December 2021

Zumindest manchmal, glauben wir alle, sind wir für das, was wir tun, moralisch verantwortlich. Ist diese Einstellung wirklich berechtigt? Und welche Bedingungen müssen erfüllt sein, damit einem Akteur überhaupt irgendetwas zugerechnet werden darf? Diese Fragen zählen zu den am meisten diskutierten der Philosophie. Und sie verweisen auf ein Problemfeld, in dem kaum etwas nicht umstritten ist, weil Unterschiede in Auffassungen über die Bedingungen moralischer Verantwortlichkeit überaus eng mit unterschiedlichen Auffassungen über die angemessene Art der Rechtfertigung unserer Zurechnungspraxis verbunden sind. Inkompatibilisten glauben, dass interne Rechtfertigungen unzureichend sind und dass eine externe, die Zurechnungspraxis als ganze betreffende Rechtfertigung metaphysischer Art sein muss. Sie muss zeigen, dass wir wirklich und wahrhaft für irgendetwas verantwortlich sein können; und das verlangt aus der Sicht des Inkompatibilisten, dass wir unser Wollen, unsere Entscheidungen und unsere Absichten ursprünglich selbst bestimmen können - dass wir, kurz gesagt, einen freien Willen haben. Diese Sicht der Dinge ist jedoch falsch: Einen freien Willen zu haben ist definitiv keine notwendige Bedingung moralischer Verantwortlichkeit. Das wirkliche Problem mit dem Inkompatibilismus besteht nicht darin, dass er zu anspruchsvolle Bedingungen gerechtfertigter Zurechenbarkeit postuliert. Das wirkliche Problem ist einfach dieses: Inkompatibilismus ist inkohärent und kann nicht erklären, was er zu erklären beansprucht.
Begriff und Gegenstand
Authors: Kienzler Wolfgang
Published: December 2021

Diese Arbeit stellt Freges Denken in seiner Entwicklung von den Anfängen bis zum Auftreten des Widerspruch dar. Ausführlich behandelt sind die Begriffsschrift, die Erläuterungsschriften dazu, die Grundlagen der Arithmetik sowie die Texte im Übergang zu den Grundgesetzen der Arithmetik, ein- schließlich der klassischen Aufsätze Funktion und Begriff, Über Sinn und Bedeutung und Über Begriff und Gegenstand. Die Texte werden nach Chronologie und Stellung zueinander präzise aufgeschlüsselt; auch die zeitgenössischen Rezensionen und Freges wissenschaftliches Umfeld werden berücksichtigt. Freges Werk wird dadurch in seiner beeindruckenden Zielstrebigkeit, Geschlossenheit und Tiefe sichtbar. Sein Zentrum ist die radikale Neufassung der Logik, ausgehend von der Grundunterscheidung von Begriff und Gegenstand, die zunächst eher unauffällig über die Zerfällung des Urteils in Funktion und Argument eingeführt und mit f(a) notiert wird. Zusammen mit der Einführung einer (Quantoren-)Notation, um die Allgemeinheit der Einsetzungen auf beiden Positionen einzuschränken, übertrifft Freges Logik die traditionelle, alle zeitgenössischen und etliche spätere an Präzision und Ausdruckskraft. Eben die grundsätzliche Trennung von Begriff und Gegenstand erweist sich aber für sein wissenschaftliches Hauptanliegen, die Ableitung der Arithmetik aus der Logik, als schwerwiegendes, letztlich nicht zu überwindendes Hindernis. Es gelingt ihm nicht, die Zahlen als „logische Gegenstände“ überzeugend einzuführen, und so zeigt er wider Willen die wesentliche Verschiedenheit von Logik und Arithmetik auf.
Global Age Essays on Social and Cultural Change
Authors: Albrow Martin
Published: December 2021

In 14 previously unpublished essays British sociologist Martin Albrow develops the Global Age thesis that he first proposed in the 90s to capture the novelty of our own epoch. He absorbs insights from Max Weber, Emile Durkheim, Arnold Toynbee and Norbert Elias into a global discourse that shapes new approaches to abiding human dilemmas of faith, justice and responsibility. Even in resisting the idea that globalization and Americanization are inevitable he argues that framing our time as global promotes a collective response to the challenges facing humankind. The hope for a human future depends on a normative ordering of global society, on global governance that allows local, national and global cultures to co-exist and thrive.
Heidegger und der Mythos der jüdischen Weltverschwörung
Authors: Trawny Peter
Published: December 2021

The publication of Martin Heidegger´s “Black Notebooks” has created quite a stir among scholars and an extraordinary media response. After the “Black Notebooks”, reading Heidegger requires to take into consideration a whole new dimension in his writings. Yet the philosophical and academic debate about what these texts entail for the evaluation of Heidegger´s philosophy has only just begun. It has frequently been noticed that Jewish philosophers met Heidegger´s work with great empathy. Was there a special closeness here, an affinity even? The "Black Notebooks" show that in a certain phase in the development of Heidegger´s thinking antisemitic ideas besiege the "history of being". The "Protocols of the Elders of Zion," the primary source of modern and postmodern anti-Semitism, seem to play an important role in this. In his study, Peter Trawny explores the significance this philosophical oath of manifestation has for Heidegger's thinking in its entirety. This third edition is enhanced by a chapter "Annihilation and Self-Destruction" on the apocalyptic reduction of history in the "Black Notebooks". It also includes a chapter on the relationship between Heidegger and Husserl, which had been added for the second edition.
Kabale
Authors: Chighel Michael
Published: December 2021

The discussions about Heidegger's "Schwarze Hefte" seem to have calmed down. Positions have been taken, defended, and are not likely to be moved. While his conservative apologists will not tolerate any criticism directed towards Heidegger, others are wont to indifferently settle everything the philosopher thought against his political statements. More balanced interpretations tend to be attacked by both sides. No explicitly Jewish voice, however, has so far been heard on the controversial question of whether Heidegger took an anti-Semitic position in the "Schwarze Hefte". In his book „Kabale. Das Geheimnis des Hebräischen Humanismus im Lichte von Heideggers Denken“, Michael Chighel, who lives in Jerusalem, dedicates an intensive investigation to Heidegger's comments on Judaism which yields surprising insights. According to Chighel, the real problem of these infamous statements is not anti-Semitism, but rather another aspect of Heidegger's relationship to Judaism. Chighel's interpretations thus lead to considerations that deserve the broadest attention in the discussion of Heidegger's thinking.
Five-year Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance Changes and Epidemiological Characteristics in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: A Retrospective Study in a Chinese City Hospital
Authors: Wang Yuhui , Ma Jie , Li Wanxiang , Liu Mi , Ding Yansheng
Published: December 2021

Background: In recent years, the widespread use of antibiotics has resulted in increased rates of antibiotic resistance (ABR). Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most important opportunistic pathogens causing hospital-acquired infections. Pseudomonas aeruginosa has continuously increased resistance to commonly used clinical antimicrobial drugs, bringing great difficulties to clinical treatment. Objectives: This retrospective study investigated the epidemiological characteristics of P. aeruginosa and changes in ABR over a 5-year period at a hospital in Shandong Province, China. Methods: Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains were collected from 2015 to 2019. The antimicrobial susceptibility testing employed the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method and the broth microdilution method (VITEK-2 compact system), according to the guidelines by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Data were analyzed using WHONET 5.6 and SPSS V. 21.0 software. Results: A total of 3,324 P. aeruginosa strains were isolated from clinical specimens (604, 631, 700, 595, and 794 strains from 2015 to 2019, respectively). The highest P. aeruginosa detection rates were from respiratory tract specimens (72.54%). The highest resistance was seen in aztreonam, followed by ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and imipenem. The isolation rates for carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa (CRPA) and multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa (MDRPA) ranged from 15.21 - 18.38% and 17.31 - 27.31%, respectively. Also, the isolation rates for extensively drug-resistant P. aeruginosa (XDRPA) ranged from 1.86 - 3.52%. Conclusions: The main sources of the P. aeruginosa isolates were older adult patients with chronic respiratory diseases. The isolation rates for CRPA, MDRPA, and XDRPA strains decreased over the 5-year period. However, the drug resistance situation remains a serious concern. Hence, continued infection control and antimicrobial stewardship and basic and clinical research on bacterial resistance are essential.
USING SFG TO ANALYZE AUTHORIAL EMPHASIZERS AND PROPOSITIONAL INTENSIFIERS: A COMPARISON OF ALBANIAN AND ITALIAN ACADEMIC WRITING
Authors: Dheskali Vincenzo
Published: December 2021

Modality expresses high probability and total degree through boosters (Halliday 1985,Holmes 1990). Through them, writers reinforce statements with the assurance of reliableknowledge (cf. Hyland 1998b). This study compares the usage of boosting emphasizers (e.g. certainly) and intensifiers (e.g. completely) (cf. Quirk et al. 1985) and their orientation and manifestation (cf. Halliday & Matthiessen 2014) in Albanian and Italian student academic writings in L1 and English as an L2. I compiled an Italian and an Italian English corpus (around 3 million words each) as well as an Albanian corpus (around 2.2 million words) and Albanian English one (around 700,000 words). The corpora are comparable in terms of genre, disciplinary domain, gender and the division of ‘hard’ and ‘soft’ sciences. Since very little research has been conducted on academic writing in Albania (Toska 2015), it is essential to initiate research in this field. The results showed that boosters were significantly favored in Italian and Italian English and less favored in Albanian. Conclusively, Italians show more commitment than Albanians.
Knowledge and frequency of contacts as factors in forming primary school children attitudes towards peers with developmental disabilities
Authors: Đorem Slađana , Odović Gordana , Lukić Ana , Milić Jelena , Božinović Milena
Published: December 2021

Introduction. Higher level of knowledge and frequent contacts with peers with disabilities can influence the emergence of more positive attitudes of students towards peers with disabilities. In regard to that, our aim was to test the importance of knowledge, contact frequency and other possible factors influencing attitudes of students toward disabled peers. Methods. The study included 140 students of 4th and 5th grade of primary schools. The research was conducted in the period from December 2020 to March 2021 in two primary schools. The Chedoke McMaster scale was used to examine students' attitudes toward peers with disabilities, while Contact with Disabled Persons Scale and the Children's Knowledge about Handicapped Persons Scale were used to assess frequency of contact and knowledge about disabilities. Results. Girls showed a significantly higher level (25.21±6.21) of frequency of contacts with students with disabilities compared to boys (19.66±7.30) (p=0.043) and higher level of knowledge (27.88±5.88) about disabilities compared to boys (25.50±4.69) (p=0.009). Respondents who attended school together with children with disabilities (31.07 ± 8.41) showed a significantly higher level of frequency of contacts with students with disabilities compared to respondents who did not attend school with peers with disabilities (13.72±6.32) (p=0.001). Conclusion. Higher level of knowledge and frequent contacts with peers with disabilities does not have influence on the emergence of more positive attitudes of students towards peers with disabilities.
The knowledge of nurses about prevention of infections caused by the bacteria Clostridium difficile
Authors: Miljković Ivana , Topuz Amajla
Published: December 2021

Introduction. Clostridium difficile is the leading cause of nosocomial diarrhea, associated with the use of antibiotics. The most common ways of transmitting the infection in hospitals are contaminated surfaces of the premises and the hands of medical staff. Methods. The study involved 68 nurses/technicians employed at the University Hospital Foca in the departments of surgery and internal medicine. As a research instrument, we used a specially designed questionnaire, created by the authors for the purpose of this research. Results. The research showed that 61.8% of respondents knew that hand washing with warm water and soap was considered the most effective prevention of the spread of infections, and 55.88% meant that they used chlorine-based preparations and hydrogen peroxide as the only effective disinfectant. Nurses with a work experience of less than 5 years showed better knowledge than other groups. Conclusion. The knowledge of nurses about the prevention of C. difficile infection is not at a satisfactory level, which indicates the growing need for education of nurses.
Financial aspects of pepper (Capsicum annuum L) production on family farms in Serbia
Authors: Petrović Mladen , Savić Bojan , Cvijanović Vojin
Published: December 2021

In the structure of agricultural production in the Republic of Serbia, crop production is dominant, while the share of vegetables in crop production is small (about 3.5%). According to the research conducted by the Institute for the Application of Science in Agriculture during 2015-2019, one of the most profitable vegetable production is pepper production. The aim of this paper is to investigate the financial aspects of pepper (Capsicum annuum L) production as one of the most common vegetable crop in the Republic of Serbia, and to assess its economic viability. The following methods were used: survey, comparison, desk research, gross margin calculation and sensitivity analysis. Sensitivity analysis showed that in addition to the yield, the price also has a great influence on the amount of the gross margin. The price risk would be reduced if there were "contracted agricultural production", which would improve the profitability and sustainability of pepper production.
The rise of corporate environmental responsibility in Serbian economy: The case of agri-food industry
Authors: Milić Tanja
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this paper is to investigate corporate environmental responsibility in the agri-food industry in the Republic of Serbia. Empirical research was conducted on a sample of 112 managers of agri-food organizations operating in the territory of the Republic of Serbia, randomly selected from publicly available databases, using Computer Assisted Web Interview - CAWI technique. Data analysis in this study consisted of descriptive statistics. Univariate analysis was used through individual ranking statistics. Nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis and post hoc Mann Whitney U test were used to test the significance of differences. Research results show above average level of corporate environmental responsibility in agri-food business world in the Republic of Serbia, yet, not sufficiently high comparing to Serbian consumers view, leaving room for improvement. Food processing organizations proved to be the most sensitive to corporate environmental responsibility issue followed by food manufacturing organizations, and agri-food supply and distribution chain organizations the least.
Stability design criteria for closely spaced built-up stainless steel columns
Authors: Dobrić Jelena , Gluhović Nina , Marković Zlatko , Buđevac Dragan
Published: December 2021

This paper aims to develop design recommendations for closely spaced built-up stainless steel columns, based on findings gained in performed research at the University of Belgrade. The research focuses on pin-ended built-up columns formed from two press-braked channel chords oriented back-to-back and addresses their flexural buckling capacity about the minor axis. The impact of overall and local chord slenderness, interconnection stiffness, geometric imperfections and material nonlinearity is evaluated. In order to fully exploit their structural performance, two separate approaches for the design of built-up columns with welded or bolted interconnections are defined that include different formulas for shear stiffness.
Strength enhancement of cold-formed steel tubular column using GFRP strip subjected to axial compression
Authors: Palanivelu Sangeetha , Moorthy Dhinagaran , Subramani Gobinaath , Dhayanithi Jeevan
Published: December 2021

The experimental and analytical evaluation of externally reinforced square and circular cold-formed steel tubular columns with GFRP strips is presented in this study. Under axial compression, fourteen tubular columns with pinned support, seven square tubular sections, and seven circular hollow section columns with externally bonded GFRP strips at various points were tested to failure. The GFRP strips improved the load-carrying capacity of the columns according to the trial results. The GFRP strip at the ends and intermediate regions, with a clear spacing of 100 to 150 mm between the strips, has been proven to be the most effective in achieving ultimate strength, especially for column specimens with full wrapping. Wrapping the GFRP strips increases the strength of square and circular columns by 24 % and 5%, respectively, when compared to unwrapped specimens. The percentage gain in strength is 16% when the cross-section is changed from circular to square. Local and overall flexural buckling, respectively, are the failure modes seen in the square and circular sections. The experimental strength and axial deformation were compared to the analytical results, which showed a satisfactory correlation.
Energy metabolism in the pancreas of ground squirrels (Spermophilus citellus) during prolonged cold exposure and in hibernation
Authors: Janković Aleksandra , Kalezić Anđelika , Đurić Strahinja , Korać Aleksandra , Buzadžić Biljana , Korać Bato
Published: December 2021

Mammalian hibernators undergo a host of biochemical adaptations that allow them to survive the harsh cold environment and food restriction. Since the energy metabolism of the pancreas during hibernation remains unknown, we investigated the molecular basis of mitochondrial energy-producing pathways in line with their regulating mechanisms, as well as the (re)organization of antioxidative defence in the pancreas during the prehibernation period and in the hibernating state. To this end, male ground squirrels (Spermophilus citellus) were divided into two groups, the control group kept at room temperature (22±1 °C) and the group exposed to low temperature (4±1 °C). Active animals from the cold exposed group were sacrificed after 1, 3, 7, 12, and 21 days; animals that entered hibernation were sacrificed after 2-5 days of torpor. Our results showed that the protein levels of respiratory complexes I, II, IV and cytochrome c were increased in response to prolonged cold exposure (from day 12) and that such expression profiles were maintained during hibernation. In parallel, AMP-activated protein kinase a (AMPKa) and nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF-1) were shown to be upregulated. Moreover, prolonged cold exposure and hibernation induced an increase in the protein expression of antioxidative defence enzymes copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). In conclusion, these results point to a controlled metabolic remodeling in the pancreas of ground squirrels during prolonged cold exposure and in hibernation, which includes an improvement of mitochondrial oxidative capacity along with a proportional upregulation of antioxidative defence.
Evaluation of product quality with decibels
Authors: Popović Branko
Published: December 2021

In modern Quality Engineering, the quality of process results, the quality of measuring instruments, and the quality of completed processes are considered according to their quality characteristics. However, in traditional engineering, only the quality of measuring instruments and the quality of completed processes (precision or accuracy indices PCI, PPI) can be successfully defined, while the quality of process results (semi-finished product, product, software, service) can only be described (has or does not have the required quality), good or bad quality, better or worse quality). In the modern consideration of quality, the quality of process results is now defined by the number of decibels [dB], according to the discovery of the genius Japanese scientist Genichi Taguchi (1924-2012), with the methods of Robust Technology Development and Standard Ratio (S/N). This paper discusses definition of the quality of process results with one input variable and continuous characteristics with three illustrative examples.