bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Visceral hypersensitivity is associated with GI symptom severity in functional GI disorders: consistent findings from five different patient cohorts
Authors: Simrén Magnus , Törnblom Hans , Palsson Olafur S , van Tilburg Miranda A L , Van Oudenhove Lukas , Tack Jan , Whitehead William E
Published: January 2017

Objective

Our aim was to evaluate the association between visceral hypersensitivity and GI symptom severity in large cohorts of patients with functional GI disorder (FGID) and to adjust for psychological factors and general tendency to report symptoms.

Design

We included five cohorts of patients with FGIDs (IBS or functional dyspepsia; n=1144), who had undergone visceral sensitivity testing using balloon distensions (gastric fundus, descending colon or rectum) and completed questionnaires to assess GI symptom severity, non-GI somatic symptoms, anxiety and depression. Subjects were divided into sensitivity tertiles based on pain/discomfort thresholds. GI symptom severity was compared between sensitivity tertiles in each cohort and corrected for somatisation, and anxiety and depression.

Results

In all five cohorts, GI symptom severity increased gradually with increasing visceral sensitivity, with significant differences in GI symptom severity between the sensitivity tertiles (p<0.0001), with small to medium effect sizes (partial η2: 0.047–0.11). The differences between sensitivity tertiles remained significant in all cohorts after correction for anxiety and depression, and also after correction for non-GI somatic symptom reporting in all of the cohorts (p<0.05).

Conclusions

A gradual increase in GI symptom severity with increasing GI sensitivity was demonstrated in IBS and functional dyspepsia, which was consistent across several large patient groups from different countries, different methods to assess sensitivity and assessments in different parts of the GI tract. This association was independent of tendency to report symptoms or anxiety/depression comorbidity. These findings confirm that visceral hypersensitivity is a contributor to GI symptom generation in FGIDs.
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation: new hope in the management of valvular heart disease
Authors: Metaxa Sofia , Ioannou Adam , Missouris Constantinos G
Published: January 2017

Severe calcific aortic stenosis is relatively common, and unless treated with valve replacement it carries an adverse prognosis. A large number of patients, however, are denied surgery due to their advanced age or coexistent medical conditions that increase perioperative cardiovascular risks. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI), a technique in which a bioprosthetic valve is inserted via a catheter and implanted within the diseased native aortic valve, is a new therapeutic modality for treatment of older patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis and other comorbidities, who have an inherently high surgical risk. This review will provide an overview of the pivotal trials in the development of TAVI; while also investigating important complications and limitations of the procedure and evaluating how new valves are being designed and clinically evaluated, with the ultimate goal of reducing potential complications and expanding the use of TAVI to lower-risk patient cohorts.
Advances in lactoferrin research concerning bovine mastitis
Authors: Shimazaki Kei-ichi , Kawai Kazuhiro
Published: January 2017

Lactoferrin is a multifunctional, iron-binding glycoprotein found in milk and other exocrine secretions. Lactoferrin in milk plays vital roles in the healthy development of newborn mammals, and is also an innate resistance factor involved in the prevention of mammary gland infection by microorganisms. Inflammation of the udder because of bacterial infection is referred to as mastitis. There have been many investigations into the relationships between lactoferrin and mastitis, which fall into several categories. The main categories are fluctuations in the lactoferrin concentration of milk, lactoferrin activity against mastitis pathogens, elucidation of the processes underlying the onset of mastitis, participation of lactoferrin in the immune system, and utilization of lactoferrin in mastitis treatment and prevention. This minireview describes lactoferrin research concerning bovine mastitis. In the 1970s, many researchers reported that the lactoferrin concentration fluctuates in milk from cows with mastitis. From the late 1980s, many studies clarified the infection-defense mechanism in the udder and the contribution of lactoferrin to the immune system. After the year 2000, the processes underlying the onset of mastitis were elucidated in vivo and in vitro, and lactoferrin was applied for the treatment and prevention of mastitis.
The mid-Cambrian (Series 3, Drumian–Guzhangian; Marjuman) trilobite Holmdalia Robison, 1988, in western Newfoundland and its biostratigraphic significance
Authors: Westrop Stephen R. , Dengler Alyce A.
Published: January 2017

Holmdalia Robison, 1988 (Family Marjumiidae), was proposed as a monotypic taxon that occurred in mid-Cambrian outer shelf settings in New York and Greenland, with a subsequent report from northwestern Canada. New collections from the Shallow Bay Formation of western Newfoundland record a succession of at least seven species that spans most of the Drumian and all of the Guzhangian stages, and demonstrate that the genus has considerable, previously unrecognized biostratigraphic potential. Older, Drumian species, including the type species, H. punctata (Rasetti, 1967), have longer palpebral lobes and, hence, larger eyes than a group of younger, Guzhangian species. Restudy of the type material shows that previous records of H. punctata outside the type area in New York are misidentifications, but the species does occur in Newfoundland. New Drumian species are H. palpebra and H. tenaga; an additional Drumian species is placed in open nomenclature. New Guzhangian species are Holmdalia glabra, H. lata, and H. tubercula.
Modelling the dispersal of riverine fish larvae: from a raster-based analysis of movement patterns within a racetrack flume to a rheoreaction-based correlated random walk (RCRW) model approach
Authors: Glas Martin , Tritthart Michael , Zens Bernhard , Keckeis Hubert , Lechner Aaron , Kaminskas Timothy , Habersack Helmut
Published: January 2017

Recruitment of Chondrostoma nasus and similar fish species in rivers is related to spatiotemporal linkages between larval hatching and nursery habitats. Active swimming behaviour contradicts the assumption that passive particle tracing models can serve as a proxy for larval dispersal models. A racetrack flume with an inshore area of near-natural slope was created to observe individual larval trajectories. A new three-step, raster-based analysis was developed to distinguish four types of movement patterns: active upstream, active downstream, active–passive, and passive. Both larval developmental stage-specific and release site-specific occurrences of these movement patterns were experimentally found for nine flow velocity classes (≤0.225 m·s−1). These current-induced movement patterns, and evaluated durations within them, were used to develop a biased and correlated random walk model that includes rheoreaction — a key behavioural response of fish to flow within rivers. The study introduces the concept and application of a rheoreaction-based correlated random walk model, which coupled with a 3D hydrodynamic model, allows prediction of the spatiotemporal effects of various river discharges, morphologies, and restoration scenarios on larval fish dispersal.
Fish assemblages in agricultural drains are resilient to habitat change caused by drain maintenance
Authors: Ward-Campbell Belinda , Cottenie Karl , Mandrak Nicholas E. , McLaughlin Robert
Published: January 2017

A better understanding of how human activities affect biodiversity can be important for effective resource management. We tested how excavation (maintenance) of agricultural drains (ditches) altered fish assemblages. Uncertainty regarding the effects of drain maintenance on fish assemblages has been a source of tension between landowners, drain superintendents, and fishery managers. Fish assemblages in eight southwestern Ontario drains were sampled repeatedly from before to 2 years after drain maintenance using a replicated before–after, control–impact (BACI) design. Relative to reference sites, we found no evidence for short- or long-term decreases in the number of species and total abundance of fishes following drain maintenance, nor any consistent change in assemblage composition, despite clear changes in physical habitat. The fish assemblages in drains were resilient to drain maintenance and did not show changes expected to concern fishery managers. Our findings provide fishery managers with the information needed to manage drain maintenance more effectively under the Fish Protection Program of the Fisheries Act and to develop drain maintenance practices that balance the needs of agriculture with the protection of fish biodiversity.
Duality, Gauge Symmetries, Renormalization Groups and the BKT Transition
Authors: José Jorge V.
Published: January 2017

In this chapter, I will briefly review, from my own perspective, the situation within theoretical physics at the beginning of the 1970s, and the advances that played an important role in providing a solid theoretical and experimental foundation for the Berezinskii–Kosterlitz–Thouless theory (BKT). Over this period, it became clear that the Abelian gauge symmetry of the 2D-XY model had to be preserved to get the right phase structure of the model. In previous analyses, this symmetry was broken when using low order calculational approximations. Duality transformations at that time for two-dimensional models with compact gauge symmetries were introduced by José, Kadanoff, Nelson and Kirkpatrick (JKKN). Their goal was to analyze the phase structure and excitations of XY and related models, including symmetry breaking fields which are experimentally important. In a separate context, Migdal had earlier developed an approximate Renormalization Group (RG) algorithm to implement Wilson’s RG for lattice gauge theories. Although Migdal’s RG approach, later extended by Kadanoff, did not produce a true phase transition for the XY model, it almost did asymptotically in terms of a non-perturbative expansion in the coupling constant with an essential singularity. Using these advances, including work done on instantons (vortices), JKKN analyzed the behavior of the spin–spin correlation functions of the 2D XY-model in terms of an expansion in temperature and vortex-pair fugacity. Their analysis led to a perturbative derivation of RG equations for the XY model which are the same as those first derived by Kosterlitz for the two-dimensional Coulomb gas. JKKN’s results gave a theoretical formulation foundation and justification for BKT’s sound physical assumptions and for the validity of their calculational approximations that were, in principle, strictly valid only at very low temperatures, away from the critical [Formula: see text] temperature. The theoretical predictions were soon tested successfully against experimental results on superfluid helium films. The success of the BKT theory also gave one of the first quantitative proofs of the validity of the RG theory.
Core polarization and modern realistic shell-model Hamiltonians
Authors: Coraggio L. , Covello A. , Gargano A. , Itaco N.
Published: January 2017

The understanding of the convergence properties of the shell-model effective Hamiltonian, within the framework of the many-body perturbation theory, is a long-standing problem. The infinite summation of a certain class of diagrams, the so-called “bubble diagrams,” may be provided calculating the Kirson–Babu–Brown induced interaction, and provides a valid instrument to study whether or not the finite summation of the perturbative series is well-grounded. Here, we perform an application of the calculation of the Kirson–Babu–Brown induced interaction to derive the shell-model effective Hamiltonian for [Formula: see text]-shell nuclei starting from a modern nucleon–nucleon potential, obtained by way of the chiral perturbation theory. The outcome of our calculation is compared with a standard calculation of the shell-model Hamiltonian, where the core-polarization effects are calculated only up to third-order in perturbation theory. The results of the two calculations are very close to each other, evidencing that the perturbative approach to the derivation of the shell-model Hamiltonian is still a valid tool for nuclear structure studies.
Application of the hidden local symmetry in hadron physics
Authors: Harada Masayasu
Published: January 2017

About two decades ago, Gerry Brown pushed me to study hadron physics using hadronic models based on the hidden local symmetry (HLS). Since then, I have been involving many works related to the HLS. In this contribution to Gerry’s memorial, I will summarize my recent analyses associated with the HLS. After a very brief summary of the HLS, I will show a way to determine parameters of the HLS model from holographic QCD models. This model provides a soliton solution which is identified with the nucleon. I will briefly introduce a model in which the solitons are put onto a crystal lattice for simulating nuclear matter. The results suggest existence of the chiral invariant mass of nucleon. I also briefly review my recent analyses on the nuclear matter by using a hadronic model including nucleon field together with the [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] mesons based on the parity doublet structure of nucleon combined with the HLS, in which the chiral invariant mass of the nucleon is naturally embedded. The result implies that studying effective masses of nucleons will give a clue for the chiral invariant mass. Finally, I will show our recent analysis on the medium modification of charmed meson masses using a chiral model based on the chiral doubling structure of charmed mesons. The result shows that the masses of the chiral partners of charmed mesons become closer in high density reflecting the particle chiral symmetry restoration in medium.
Sensors to Events: Semantic Modeling and Recognition of Events from Data Streams
Authors: Patri Om Prasad , Panangadan Anand V. , Sorathia Vikrambhai S. , Prasanna Viktor K.
Published: January 2017

Detecting and responding to real-world events is an integral part of any enterprise or organization, but Semantic Computing has been largely underutilized for complex event processing (CEP) applications. A primary reason for this gap is the difference in the level of abstraction between the high-level semantic models for events and the low-level raw data values received from sensor data streams. In this work, we investigate the need for Semantic Computing in various aspects of CEP, and intend to bridge this gap by utilizing recent advances in time series analytics and machine learning. We build upon the Process-oriented Event Model, which provides a formal approach to model real-world objects and events, and specifies the process of moving from sensors to events. We extend this model to facilitate Semantic Computing and time series data mining directly over the sensor data, which provides the advantage of automatically learning the required background knowledge without domain expertise. We illustrate the expressive power of our model in case studies from diverse applications, with particular emphasis on non-intrusive load monitoring in smart energy grids. We also demonstrate that this powerful semantic representation is still highly accurate and performs at par with existing approaches for event detection and classification.
FIRST:

F

ace

I

dentity

R

ecognition in

S

mar

T

Bank
Authors: Li Qianmu , Li Tao , Xia Bin , Ni Ming , Liu Xiaoqian , Zhou Qifeng , Qi Yong
Published: January 2017

The rapid development of information era has influenced to realize the notion of Smart Bank via approaches like paperless services and interactive self-service systems. Since the traditional methods of identity verification are insecure and cumbersome for supporting these services, Smart Bank has been questioned. To overcome the limitations of current identity verification, it is imperative to explore an effective recognition strategy considering the trade-off between security and customer experience, which can conveniently collect identity information and accurately distinguish people. However, few research and existing systems have been reported for an integrated solution of identity verification satisfying convenient and secure banking environment.

In this paper, we propose, implement, and deploy an integrated system named FIRST (Face Identity Recognition in SmarT Bank), which is a customized platform for the identity verification via face recognition in Smart Bank. FIRST uses Gabor surface feature and Fisherfaces, which can provide accurate face recognition within acceptable training time. For information acquisition, our system employs the patch-based face quality assessment, which efficiently extracts valuable faces (i.e. front face) from video streams. Furthermore, FIRST provides a distributed environment to effectively manage recognition tasks and massive data. Since March 2015, FIRST has been successfully deployed on 1800 self-service terminals in Jiangsu Province by ABC (Agriculture Bank of China), and is under deployment by State Grid in China.
Faster Polynomial Multiplication over Finite Fields
Authors: Harvey David , Hoeven Joris Van Der , Lecerf Grégoire
Published: January 2017

Polynomials over finite fields play a central role in algorithms for cryptography, error correcting codes, and computer algebra. The complexity of multiplying such polynomials is still a major open problem. Let
p
be a prime, and let M

p

(
n
) denote the bit complexity of multiplying two polynomials in F

p

[
X
] of degree less than
n
. For
n
large compared to
p
, we establish the bound M

p

(
n
) =
O
(
n
log
n
8
log*

n

log
p
), where log
*
n
= min{
k
ϵ N: log …

k
×

… log
n
≤ 1} stands for the iterated logarithm. This improves on the previously best known bound M

p

(
n
) =
O
(
n
log
n
log log
n
log
p
), which essentially goes back to the 1970s.
Comparison Study on Critical Components in Composition Model for Phrase Representation
Authors: Wang Shaonan , Zong Chengqing
Published: January 2017

Phrase representation, an important step in many NLP tasks, involves representing phrases as continuous-valued vectors. This article presents detailed comparisons concerning the effects of word vectors, training data, and the composition and objective function used in a composition model for phrase representation. Specifically, we first discuss how the augmented word representations affect the performance of the composition model. Then, we investigate whether different types of training data influence the performance of the composition model and, if so, how they influence it. Finally, we evaluate combinations of different composition and objective functions and discuss the factors related to composition model performance. All evaluations were conducted in both English and Chinese. Our main findings are as follows: (1) The Additive model with semantic enhanced word vectors performs comparably to the state-of-the-art model; (2) The Additive model which updates augmented word vectors and the Matrix model with semantic enhanced word vectors systematically outperforms the state-of-the-art model in bigram and multi-word phrase similarity task, respectively; (3) Representing the high frequency phrases by estimating their surrounding contexts is a good training objective for bigram phrase similarity tasks; and (4) The performance gain of composition model with semantic enhanced word vectors is due to the composition function and the greater weight attached to important words. Previous works focus on the composition function; however, our findings indicate that other components in the composition model (especially word representation) make a critical difference in phrase representation.
Behavioural Responses of Yunnan Snub-Nosed Monkeys (Rhinopithecus bieti) to Tourists in a Provisioned Monkey Group in Baimaxueshan Nature Reserve
Authors: Xia Wancai , Ren Baoping , Li Yanhong , Hu Jie , He Xinming , Krzton Ali , Li Ming , Li Dayong
Published: January 2017

The appearance of tourists brings about behavioural changes in some primates. Primate behavioural responses to human activities can reflect their survival strategy. Little is known about how the behaviour of Rhinopithecus bieti changes in the presence of tourists. Here we provide the first detailed description of interactions between a provisioned group of R. bieti and tourists at Xiangguqing in Baimaxueshan Nature Reserve from July 2012 to June 2013. We found that R. bieti had different response rates to the 5 most common human actions (shout, photograph, offer food, clap, and wave). Results indicated that R. bieti expresses 10 behavioural reactions (threat, escape, vigilance, warning, panic, alliance, attack, foraging, approach, and staring) to tourists' actions. On the whole, most of the monkeys' responses were unfriendly or hostile; a small number were neutral and affiliative. Behavioural responses were also significantly different among the different age/sex classes. Immature individuals engaged in more affiliative behaviours than adult individuals, and adult males tended towards more hostile behaviours. The behaviour of R. bieti towards tourists showed both tension and adaptability. Scientific management of provisioned monkey groups and strict regulation of tourist behaviour is needed in order to protect the animals from the negative effects of tourism-related disturbance.
G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor 1 Regulates Human Neutrophil Functions
Authors: Rodenas M. Carmen , Tamassia Nicola , Cabas Isabel , Calzetti Federica , Meseguer José , Cassatella Marco A. , García-Ayala Alfonsa , Mulero Victoriano
Published: January 2017

Background: The role of estrogens in immune functioning is relatively well known under both physiological and pathological conditions. Neutrophils are the most abundant circulating leukocytes in humans, and their abundance and function are regulated by estrogens, since they express estrogen receptors (ERs). Traditionally, estrogens were thought to act via classical nuclear ERs, namely ERα and ERβ. However, it was observed that some estrogens induced biological effects only minutes after their application. This rapid, “nongenomic” effect of estrogens is mediated by a membrane-anchored receptor called G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1). Nevertheless, the expression and role of GPER1 in the immune system has not been exhaustively studied, and its relevance in neutrophil functions remains unknown. Methods: Human neutrophils were incubated in vitro with 10-100 µM of the GPER1-specific agonist G1 alone or in combination with lipopolysaccharide. GPER1 expression and subcellular localization, respiratory burst, life span, gene expression profile, and cell signaling pathways involved were then analyzed in stimulated neutrophils. Results: Human neutrophils express a functional GPER1 which regulates their functions through cAMP/protein kinase A/cAMP response element-binding protein, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, and extracellular regulated MAPK signaling pathways. Thus, GPER1 activation in vitro increases the respiratory burst of neutrophils, extends their life span, and drastically alters their gene expression proﬁle. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that GPER1 activation promotes the polarization of human neutrophils towards a proinflammatory phenotype and point to GPER1 as a potential therapeutic target in immune diseases where neutrophils play a key role.
Tubular Dysfunction Mimicking Dent’s Disease in 2 Infants Born with Extremely Low Birth Weight
Authors: Awazu Midori , Arai Mie , Ohashi Shoko , Takahashi Hirotaka , Sekine Takashi , Ikeda Kazushige 
Published: January 2017

Two preterm infants, with extremely low birth weight born at gestational weeks 24 and 25, showed generalized proximal tubular dysfunction during their stay in the neonatal intensive care unit, including glucosuria, low molecular weight proteinuria, phosphaturia, uricosuria, enzymuria (elevated urine N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase), panaminoaciduria, and hypercalciuria, associated with renal calcification. Renal tubular acidosis was not present in either patient. DNA mutation analysis for Dent’s disease, performed in patient 1, was negative. Although both patients had rickets of prematurity, tubular dysfunction persisted after its resolution. Patient 2, who had severe chronic lung disease, also had elevated serum creatinine, proteinuria, and hypertension, suggesting glomerular damage. In patient 1, low molecular weight proteinuria, enzymuria, panaminoaciduria, hypercalciuria, and renal calcification were still present at the age of 8 years. In patient 2, tubular dysfunction resolved except for β2 microglobulinuria at the age of 5 years. While a reduced nephron number resulting in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is well-known, generalized proximal tubular dysfunction can also occur in infants born preterm and/or with extremely low birth weight.
Wireless Body Area Networks Routing Protocols: A Review
Authors: Awan Khalid , Qureshi Kashif Naseer , Mehwish Mehwish
Published: January 2017

Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) are designed for monitoring the patient’s conditions and assist them in critical health situation. Tiny size wireless sensors sense the data related to patient health. Further, the sensed data sends to base station for further process. The base station sends the data to the nearest sink node or to the nearest medical center or hospital. In order to complete this entire process, wireless sensors need efficient routing without any error or delay. The routing protocols have been suffered with various challenges and issues which are related to the routing and energy issues. This paper provides a comprehensive survey of important existing routing protocols for WBANs. Paper also discusses the protocols strengths, limitations with their critical analysis.
Detailed Echocardiographic Phenotyping in Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Narayan Hari K. , Finkelman Brian , French Benjamin , Plappert Theodore , Hyman David , Smith Amanda M. , Margulies Kenneth B. , Ky Bonnie
Published: January 2017

Background:

Cardiovascular disease in patients with breast cancer is of growing concern. The longitudinal effects of commonly used therapies, including doxorubicin and trastuzumab, on cardiac remodeling and function remain unknown in this population. We aimed to define the changes in echocardiographic parameters of structure, function, and ventricular-arterial coupling, and their associations with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and heart failure symptoms.

Methods:

In a longitudinal prospective cohort study of 277 breast cancer participants receiving doxorubicin (Dox), trastuzumab (Tras), or both (Dox+Tras), we obtained 1249 echocardiograms over a median follow-up of 2.0 (interquartile range, 1.0–3.0) years. Left ventricular structure, diastolic and contractile function, and ventricular-arterial coupling measures were quantified in a core laboratory blinded to participant characteristics. We evaluated changes in echocardiographic parameters over time, and used repeated-measures regression models to define their association with LVEF decline and recovery. Linear regression models defined the association between early changes in these parameters and subsequent changes in LVEF and heart failure symptoms.

Results:

Overall, 177 (64%) received Dox, 51 (18%) received Tras, and 49 (18%) received Dox+Tras. With Dox, there was a sustained, modest decrease in LVEF over the follow-up duration (1-year change in LVEF –3.6%; 95% confidence interval [CI], –4.4% to –2.8%; 3-year change –3.8%; 95% CI, –5.1% to –2.5%). With Tras, a similar LVEF decline was observed at 1 year (–4.5%; 95% CI, –6.0% to –2.9%) and 3 years (–2.8%; 95%CI, –5.3 to –0.4%). Participants receiving Dox+Tras demonstrated the greatest declines at 1 year (–6.6%; 95% CI, –8.2 to –5.0%), with partial recovery at 3 years (–2.8%; 95% CI, –4.8 to –0.8%). LVEF declines and recovery were associated primarily with changes in systolic volumes, longitudinal and circumferential strain, and ventricular-arterial coupling indices, effective arterial elastance (Ea) and the coupling ratio Ea/Ees
sb
, without evidence for effect modification across therapies. Early changes in volumes, strain, and Ea/Ees
sb
at 4 to 6 months were associated with 1- and 2-year LVEF changes. Similarly, early changes in strain and Ea were associated with worsening heart failure symptoms at 1 year.

Conclusions:

Doxorubicin and trastuzumab resulted in modest, persistent declines in LVEF at 3 years. Changes in volumes, strain, and ventricular-arterial coupling were consistently associated with concurrent and subsequent LVEF declines and recovery across therapies.
Validating a Predictive Model of Acute Advanced Imaging Biomarkers in Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Bivard Andrew , Levi Christopher , Lin Longting , Cheng Xin , Aviv Richard , Spratt Neil J. , Lou Min , Kleinig Tim , O’Brien Billy , Butcher Kenneth , Zhang Jingfen , Jannes Jim , Dong Qiang , Parsons Mark
Published: January 2017

Background and Purpose—

Advanced imaging to identify tissue pathophysiology may provide more accurate prognostication than the clinical measures used currently in stroke. This study aimed to derive and validate a predictive model for functional outcome based on acute clinical and advanced imaging measures.

Methods—

A database of prospectively collected sub-4.5 hour patients with ischemic stroke being assessed for thrombolysis from 5 centers who had computed tomographic perfusion and computed tomographic angiography before a treatment decision was assessed. Individual variable cut points were derived from a classification and regression tree analysis. The optimal cut points for each assessment variable were then used in a backward logic regression to predict modified Rankin scale (mRS) score of 0 to 1 and 5 to 6. The variables remaining in the models were then assessed using a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.

Results—

Overall, 1519 patients were included in the study, 635 in the derivation cohort and 884 in the validation cohort. The model was highly accurate at predicting mRS score of 0 to 1 in all patients considered for thrombolysis therapy (area under the curve [AUC] 0.91), those who were treated (AUC 0.88) and those with recanalization (AUC 0.89). Next, the model was highly accurate at predicting mRS score of 5 to 6 in all patients considered for thrombolysis therapy (AUC 0.91), those who were treated (0.89) and those with recanalization (AUC 0.91). The odds ratio of thrombolysed patients who met the model criteria achieving mRS score of 0 to 1 was 17.89 (4.59–36.35,
P
<0.001) and for mRS score of 5 to 6 was 8.23 (2.57–26.97,
P
<0.001).

Conclusions—

This study has derived and validated a highly accurate model at predicting patient outcome after ischemic stroke.
Senecio kumaonensis (Asteraceae, Senecioneae) is a Synotis based on evidence from karyology and nuclear ITS/ETS sequence data
Authors: TONG TIAN-JING , TANG MING , REN CHEN , YANG QIN-ER
Published: January 2017

We apply a multidisciplinary approach to settle the dispute over the generic affiliation of the Himalayan species Senecio kumaonensis (based on Cacalia penninervis). Some floral micromorphological characters of this species, including shape of anther bases, configuration of anther collars, and anther endothecial tissue cell wall thickenings, are confirmed to perfectly match those of Senecio and this has obviously resulted in the placement of the species within that genus. Chromosome counts indicate S. kumaonensis has 2n = 40, a number common to Senecio and Synotis but not occurring in Parasenecio (the correct generic name for the Asian species previously referred to Cacalia), which has 2n = 52, 58, and 60. The presence of six subterminal-centromeric (st) chromosomes in the karyotype of S. kumaonensis, however, lends strong support to the close relationship of this species to Synotis. Our phylogenetic analyses based on ITS/ ETS sequences also place S. kumaonensis in Synotis. In this species the anther tail feature, once deemed to be diagnostic for Synotis (anther bases in Synotis with sterile, tailed auricles vs. those in Senecio without such auricles, obtuse to sagittate), has an exception as evidenced from phylogeny. We therefore transfer S. kumaonensis to Synotis and, as the epithet “penninervis” has hitherto never been used in the genus, we propose the new combination Syn. penninervis for this species.
Thrixspermum indicum (Orchidaceae), a new species from Northeast India
Authors: KUMAR VIKAS , VERMA DURGESH , RAO ABBAREDDY NAGESWARA
Published: January 2017

A new species Thrixspermum indicum is described and illustrated from Northeast India. It is allied to T. carnosum, T. muscaeflorum and T. trichoglottis but quite distinct from all these species in having broadly triangular lateral lobes of lip with acute incurved tips and absence of hairs on the inner surface, margins of mid-lobe and side lobes of lip.
Taxonomic review of the Neotropical genus Moriosomus Motschulsky (Insecta: Coleoptera, Carabidae, Morionini) with notes on the way of life of the species
Authors: ERWIN TERRY L. , MOORE WENDY
Published: January 2017

Moriosomus Motschulsky 1855 is a Neotropical genus containing three species in the carabid beetle tribe Morionini. Moriosomus adults are found under tree bark and in rotting logs in rainforests; larvae are unknown. This revision of Moriosomus includes diagnoses, descriptions, illustrations, and distributional data for all three known species, including Moriosomus motschulskyi Erwin & Moore, new species (“PERU, HUáN[UCO], Divisoria,” Cordillera Azul, 1600m, 08° 54’ 0 S, 075° 40’ 0 W). We provide an identification key to the species based on adult external structure. We clarify the the date of the description of the genus Moriosomus, which is 1855, rather than 1864 as it is often incorrectly cited in the literature. In addition, we define the tribe Morionini and provide a key for identification of the two genera resident in the Western Hemisphere.
Systematics of the Protohermes costalis species-group (Megaloptera: Corydalidae)
Authors: LIU XINGYUE , HAYASHI FUMIO , YANG DING
Published: January 2017

The dobsonfly genus Protohermes is the largest genus in Megaloptera, with the richest species diversity and the widest geographic distributions. In the present study, the Protohermes costalis species-group is recognised, including 18 species. Eight species are described herein as new: Protohermes acutatus, Protohermes basimaculatus, Protohermes disjunctus, Protohermes lii, Protohermes orientalis, Protohermes stigmosus, Protohermes triangulatus and Protohermes yangi spp. nov. The interspecific phylogeny within the P. costalis species-group is reconstructed by a cladistic analysis. Discussions on the phylogeny and the biogeography of the P. costalis species-group are also made.
Conidae and Terebridae (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda) from the Plio-Pleistocene of the Philippines
Authors: HELWERDA ENATE A.
Published: January 2017

Six species of Conidae and seven species of Terebridae are reported from the Plio-Pleistocene “Cabarruyan” fauna of Pangasinan, the Philippines. Eleven species are identified; these species all occur in the Recent Indo-Pacific fauna and seven of these are previously known from the fossil record as well. The species composition of this fauna shows little overlap with other fossil assemblages, except with the Fijian fossil assemblage. This is attributed to a lack of knowledge on Indo-pacific fossil faunas as well as to the relatively deep water setting (200–300 m) of this fauna. More research is needed to determine why the Fijian assemblage is relatively similar.
Sandsitermes gen. nov., a new nasute termite genus from South America (Isoptera, Termitidae, Nasutitermitinae)
Authors: CUEZZO CAROLINA , CANCELLO ELIANA M. , CARRIJO TIAGO F.
Published: January 2017

We establish herein a new genus of Neotropical termites of the subfamily Nasutitermitinae, Sandsitermes gen. nov.. The new genus accommodates a previously described species, Nasutitermes robustus (Holmgren), and is diagnosed by worker characters, including the mandibles, the gut-coiling configuration in situ, and the pattern of cushions and spines of the enteric valve. We characterized and illustrated the imago for the first time and redescribe the soldier and worker castes of Sandsitermes robustus gen. et comb. nov. from syntypes and other samples from eastern Peru. We support our taxonomic decision, presenting morphological differences between the gut pattern and enteric valve of S. robustus and 13 neotropical Nasutitermes species studied for this report, and discuss possible relationships with other neotropical nasute termites.
DNA Barcoding reveals sexual dimorphism in Isotrias penedana Trematerra, 2013 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae, Chlidanotinae)
Authors: CORLEY MARTIN FRANCIS VANNER , FERREIRA SÓNIA
Published: January 2017

Isotrias penedana Trematerra, 2013 was described from north Portugal based on males alone. Unidentified females were associated with the males using DNA barcoding, revealing sexual dimorphism in the species. Males and females differ in forewing shape, markings, and size, with females significantly smaller than males. The female is described and illustrated for the first time. We also document the species’ occurrence in northern Spain.
Tempê en la demeure : Réflexions sur l'état des sciences des religions
Authors: Boisvert Mathieu
Published: January 2017

This article first sketches the historical development of religious studies in order to question the actual situation of our discipline. The main objective is not to offer an exhaustive representation of the discipline, but rather to present some general observations and to introduce some questions that are crucial for determining our discipline's identity. I will then attempt to establish a connection between the ideas put forth in the articles in this issue of SR and my own professional experience in the field of religious studies.
The crisis of academic labour and the myth of autonomy: Dispatch from the job wars
Authors: McCutcheon Russell T.
Published: January 2017

Beginning with the author's own experiences, this article examines the plight of graduate students in the current academic job market. After surveying such fields as literary criticism and culture studies for engaged responses to the pressures facing North American graduate students and non-tenure track instructors in the humanities and social sciences, the author indicts colleagues in the study of religion for the manner in which their general preoccupation with describing and interpreting things eternal and immaterial has allowed them to remain aloof from the real-life conditions of the academy in general and their graduate students in particular.
The Influence of Control Gain in a First-Order Man-Machine Control System
Authors: Tipton Clarence L. , Birmingham Henry P.
Published: January 2017

An experiment was conducted to observe the effect of varying control sensitivity in a velocity control system. A single sine wave of 0.05 cps was used as the course input, and the subjects tracked in the compensatory mode using a pressure control. The operator was required to apply a maximum force of one ounce to stay on target when tracking with a maximum control gain, whereas eight pounds of force were required with a minimum control gain. Eight naval enlisted men received eight test runs on eight control sensitivities covering a range of 128 to 1. Test runs were one minute in length. A region of minimum error occurred at the lower control sensitivities. The overall error variation was 2.5 times for the entire 128 to 1 range of control sensitivities. The maximum average tracking error did not exceed one percent of the input amplitude.
Effects of Radiation on Performance
Authors: Tobias Paul
Published: January 2017

The experimental studies relating to the effect of various types of radiation on learning, activity and manipulation, conditioning, and discrimination are discussed. The difficulty of inferring an effect in man, and the confounding due to uncontrolled variables are highlighted. Recommendations for further experimental studies are presented, and a comprehensive bibliography of selected material on radiation is included.
The Magnitude and Direction of Forces That Man can Exert in Operating Aircraft Emergency Exits
Authors: McFadden Ernest B. , Swearingen John J. , Wheelwright C. D.
Published: January 2017

The maximum forces that men and women were capable of applying to emergency exit release handles under various conditions were determined. Experiments were conducted on both port and starboard sides of a cabin mockup simulating the interior of the Convair 240. Approximately 339 determinations of the maximum force that 17 female subjects were capable of applying to emergency exit handles were obtained. This study was extended to include measurement of the resultant force and its direction with 112 tests conducted by eight female subjects, of which three participated in the above series. In addition 162 tests were conducted by nine male subjects, and a few tests on six children. The effects of handle configuration, location, position of the subject, and the duration of the muscular contraction are discussed.
A Marginal Punched Card System for Human Factors Literature
Authors: Evans Carol S.
Published: January 2017

This article describes the marginal punched card bibliographic system used by the Human Factors Group at Douglas Aircraft Company, Santa Monica, California.

The need for such a system, its development, and its merits are discussed.
The Tufts Index to Human Engineering Literature
Authors: Devoe Donald B. , Saul Ezra V.
Published: January 2017

The problems encountered in the development of a control system for the human engineering literature are briefly reviewed. The heterogeneity of the system and its flexibility is demonstrated in a topical outline and in selected examples of search terms.
Operator Accuracy in Angle Measurement and Transfer
Authors: Haygood Robert C. , Overton Richard K.
Published: January 2017

A series of three experiments was conducted to determine operator accuracy in the measurement and transfer of angles with a first-order theodolite. Accuracy was expressed in terms of the variability of operators' measurements and transfers. Experienced operators showed a standard deviation of measurements of 0.51 sec and a standard deviation of transfers of 2.89 sec. Newly trained operators showed an estimated standard deviation of measurements of 0.51 and 0.52 sec in two successive measuring sessions. Results with newly trained operators indicated that operators who wear glasses with satisfactory correction may be considered equivalent to operators with “normal” eyesight. Typical measurement and transfer procedures are discussed and recommendations for modification of these procedures are given.
Anthropometric Photogrammetry as Applied to Escape Capsule Design
Authors: Chaffee John W.
Published: January 2017

An experimental investigation was made of the location and spatial requirements of salient anatomical features of the human operator of a high-performance air weapon system when simulating the use of an escape capsule type of emergency abandonment system.

Twenty-four subjects representative of the Air Force flying population were measured using a new system of anthropometric assessment which employs a nonstereographic photogrammetric treatment requiring two to three ordinary 8 in. × 10 in. view cameras together with adequate stroboscopic illumination.

Data on the x, y, and z co-ordinates of sixteen anatomical features of the operators when positioned in six body attitudes representative of the escape system's use are presented in the form of figures.
A Survey of Russian Literature Related to Human Factors Engineering
Authors: Ronco Paul G. , Sawyer Herbert L.
Published: January 2017

A survey of available Russian literature was conducted to determine the feasibility and desirability of a full-scale search of the Russian literature for articles relevant to the field of human factors engineering. Both translated and untranslated material were screened. Although the survey was of very limited scope, it was found that a sufficient volume of pertinent material is being generated and is available to merit systematic attention by human factors engineers in this country.
Monitoring of Complex Visual Displays: III. Effects of Repeated Sessions on Human Vigilance
Authors: Adams Jack A. , Humes John M. , Stenson Herbert H.
Published: January 2017

A vigilance experiment was performed using a visual monitoring task with multiple stimulus sources. Under investigation were effects of repeated sessions on monitoring behavior. Nine 3-hour sessions were given on consecutive days. Following a longer 7-day interval, a 10th session was given. The main findings were a significant decrement in detection latency within each session, but no statistically reliable evidence for a between-sessions effect. Evidence was presented to suggest that the spatial configuration of stimulus sources was a factor for vigilance decrement because efficiency of the observing response decreased as a function of observation time.
An Information-Processing Model of the Aircraft Accident Investigator
Authors: Braunstein Myron L. , Coleman Orel F.
Published: January 2017

Verbal reports elicited from accident investigators and motion pictures of the investigators' activities during 16 investigations of light aircraft accidents were used as the empirical basis for a computer model of the aircraft accident investigator. The model simulates the major processes apparent in the investigators' reports, including the selection of aircraft and terrain features to be observed and the generating and testing of kinematics hypotheses. The computer program accepts a description of aircraft damage and gouge marks and generates a series of kinematics hypotheses. The effects of variations in investigator parameters on the outputs of the model were studied in a series of 40 simulation runs. A preliminary comparison was made between the output of the model and the conclusions of a human investigator working with the same data.
Diver Performance and the Effects of Cold
Authors: Bowen Hugh M.
Published: January 2017

The capability of divers was tested by a test battery composed of tests of tactile sensitivity, grip strength, manual dexterity, tracking, assembly of a structure by groups, mental arithmetic, symbol processing, simple problem solving and memory. At a diving tower and a flooded quarry, test data were collected for performance on dry land (control) and at water temperatures between 44° and 72°F. A limited sample of post-dive urine temperatures and skin temperatures were recorded. Divers wore a complete 3/16” wet suit, except that, during the tests, the hands were bare. The results show: hand impairment—losses in tactile sensitivity, grip strength and manual movement; the losses were proportional to degree of cold and exposure time; the losses follow a similar course to skin temperature decrease and hence are considered due mainly to peripheral physiological attenuations; psychomotor impairment—losses in manual dexterity, tracking and group assembly were proportionate to water temperature; mental impairment—losses in mental capability occurred in those cases where the task required intense attention and involved considerable short-term memory; “blocking” effects occurred at the lower temperatures. The causes of the losses in capability are discussed in terms of peripheral and central impairments, in terms of “water” effects and “cold” effects, and in terms of a hypothesis that immersion in cold water serves to distract the diver. Some practical and theoretical implications of the study are reviewed.