bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Розвиток художнього смаку учнів початкової школи засобами навчального медіа-комплексу: теоретико-методичні підходи
Authors: Mуchka-Levchenko Yuliia
Published: April 2020

У статті зроблено спробу показати роль мультимедійних засобів навчання для педа-гогіки образотворення, поліхудожнього виховання школярів, на противагу традиційним. Окреслено основне завдання школи – формування інформаційної культури сучасних школярів, отримання ними найрізноманітнішої інформації, ефективний засіб підвищення інтересу до навчання, мотивації, наочності, науковості тощо. Програмний засіб орієнтований на сучасні форми навчання із забезпеченням традиційних та інноваційних підходів до навчання в повній відповідності з документами, що регламентують зміст освіти. Запропонований комплекс розширює і покращує інформаційний, наочний, методичний арсенал учителя образотворчого мистецтва незалежно від рівня професійної кваліфікації та досвіду.
La brecha entre las prácticas de los docentes y las percepciones estudiantiles sobre la educación religiosa en Costa Rica
Authors: Fuentes Belgrave Laura
Published: April 2020

Este artículo comparte algunos de los principales resultados de una investigación (20152017), que compara las prácticas docentes en la asignatura costarricense de educación religiosa con las percepciones y expectativas del estudiantado de tercer ciclo y de educación diversificada sobre esta materia. En el estudio se identifica y analiza la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de temas generadores, metas y actividades de comprensión de índole educativa, así como elementos del contexto socio-cultural de Costa Rica, a través de un enfoque mixto que mide cuantitativamente las respuestas de los docentes obtenidas mediante sondeo, y valora cualitativamente los testimonios estudiantiles recolectados a través de grupos focales. Palabras clave: Educación religiosa, catolicismo, interculturalidad, interreligiosidad, Costa Rica
AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI ACTINOMYCETES ASAL DESA CEMPAKA KAPUAS HULU KALIMANTAN BARAT TERHADAP ENTEROPATOGENIK GASTROENTERITIS
Authors: Abdullah Abdullah , Almuhardi Ihsan , Antoni Antoni , Rahmawati Rahmawati
Published: April 2020

AbstrakAntibiotik yang digunakan secara tidak tepat dapat meningkatkan jumlah bakteri penyebab gastroenteritis yang resisten terhadap antibiotik. Beberapa kelompok mikroorganisme tanah diketahui memiliki potensi menghasilkan senyawa aktif untuk menghambat dan membunuh bakteri patogen, seperti Actinomycetes. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui potensi antibiotik Actinomycetes  terhadap bakteri penyebab gastroenteritis yang diisolasi dari sawah tandus di Desa Cempaka Baru, Kabupaten Kapuas Hulu, Kalimantan Barat. Proses penelitian dilakukan dari isolasi Actinomycetes dari sawah tandus, karakterisasi, serta pengujian kemampuan antibiotik terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Salmonella enterica ATCC 14028 dan Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 menggunakan metode sumuran pada media Mueller Hinton Agar. Hasil identifikasi berdasarkan karakteristik morfologi koloni, sel, dan biokimia diperoleh 1 isolat bakteri, yaitu genus Nocardia sp. ATS-4.1 yang mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri-bakteri uji yang dibuktikan adanya rata-rata zona hambat yang terbentuk, yakni 14,51 mm; 16,16 mm; dan 11,10 mm. Hasil uji statistik Friedman diperoleh nilai Asymp. Sig 0,10>0,05, sehingga menunjukkan bahwa pemberian cairan kultur isolat Nocardia ATS-4.1 memberikan pengaruh yang tidak berbeda nyata antara hambatan terhadap bakteri E. coli, S. enterica, dan S. aureus. Hal ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa isolat Nocardia sp. ATS-4.1 berpotensi menghasilkan antibakteri yang setara terhadap bakteri E. coli, S. enterica, dan S. aureus penyebab gastroenteritis.Abstract Using antibiotics incorrectly increases the number of resistant bacteria to gastroenteritis. Soil microorganisms are known to have the potential to produce active compounds to inhibit and kill pathogenic bacteria,  for example, Actinomycetes. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential of antibiotics Actinomycetes isolated from rice fields in Cempaka Baru, Kapuas Hulu Regency, West Kalimantan, against gastroenteritis bacteria. The research order was carried out by isolating Actinomycetes from barren rice fields, and then characterizing and testing the ability of antibiotics against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Salmonella enterica ATCC 14028, and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 using the well method on Mueller Hinton Agar. The identification results based on morphological characteristics of colonies, cells and biochemistry showed that one of the bacteria was from genus Nocardia sp. ATS-4.1 which was able to inhibit the three test bacteria by the average inhibition zone 14.51 mm; 16.16 mm; and 11.10 mm, respectively. Friedman’s statistical test resulted in values asymp. sig 0.10>0.05 which showed that the isolate gave inhibition differences insignificantly among the bacteria. In conclusion, isolate Nocardia sp. ATS-4.1 able to produce equal antibacterial activity against bacteria E. coli, S. enterica and S. aureus caused gastroenteritis.
Comparison of injection of midazolam-fentanyl with pethidine in management of pain induced by extracorporeal shock wave lithitripsy: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Kameli Ahmad , Haghighi Ramin , Marhamati Mahmoud , Zarei Mohammad
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Urinary stones are the third most common disease of the genitourinary tract after urinary tract infections and prostate diseases. One of the ways to remove a urinary stone is extracorporeal shock wave lithitripsy, which crushes the stones for easier removal, and it is often used to reduce pain, reduce anxiety, and stabilize the patient. In this regard, the use of effective analgesics with less serious side effects seems reasonable.

Methods: This randomized clinical trial study was performed with 90 patients who were divided into two groups according to a random number table. The first group received pethidine, and the second group received midazolam and fentanyl (midazolam-fentanyl). The type of medication used and demographic information were recorded, and the patients’ pain was assessed by a visual analog pain scale at 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes.

Results: Of the subjects, 59 (65.5%) were male and 30 (33.5%) were female. The mean age of the patients was 38.4 ± 13.5 years. The level of pain at 15 minutes was 3.71 ± 2.4 in the midazolam-fentanyl group and 5.33 ± 2.9 in the pethidine group. At 45 minutes, the pain level was 4.2 ± 3.1 in the midazolam-fentanyl group and 5.26 ± 2.72 in the pethidine group. The differences between groups was significant at 15 and 45 minutes. At 30 and 60 minutes, the pain was lower in the midazolam-fentanyl group than in the pethidine group, but these differences were not statistically significant. There was no significant difference between the two groups with respect to the incidence of nausea and vomiting, restlessness, and anxiety.

Conclusion: This study showed that the pain reported by patients using fentanyl-midazolam was lower than the pain reported by patients on pethidine, and the pain decreased with time in both groups. Therefore, if there is no other indication for the use of drugs, the combination of fentanyl-midazolam will have a better effect on pain and should be used.

Trial registration: Current Controlled Trials IRCT2016051427893N1.
Investigating the histopathological effects of saffron petal (Crocus Sativus L.) hydroalcoholic extract on kidney and liver functional parameters in rats
Authors: Azizi Monireh , Ahmadi Mohammad Reza Hafezi , Mohamadpour Mojtaba , Daemi Ahmad , Asadi Sirous , Shirzadpour Ehsan , Amraei Mansour
Published: April 2020

Background: Saffron is one of the main food products in Iran, and its countless medicinal properties have been used widely in traditional medicine. Many studies conducted and reported in the literature have shown that plant-based medicines, such as chemical drugs, may also have unexpected side effects. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the histopathological effects of the hydroalcoholic extract of the saffron petal (HAESP) on the liver and kidney, particularly on their functional parameters in rats.
Methods: The first group (control) received ordinary daily dietary regime. In addition, Groups 2, 3 and 4 were fed an ordinary dietary regimen along with HAESP (at 200, 400, or 600 mg/kg/day). The treatment was continued on a daily basis for four weeks, and upon the termination of the treatment, blood samples were collected from all the rats. Then, tissue samples were prepared from the animals’ kidney and liver for histological studies.
Results: The histological results are indicators of notable changes in the glomerulus, tubules, and interstitial tissue of the kidney cross-sections for the groups receiving HAESP. In the central vein region and the port space of the liver cross-sections, dose-dependent changes were found in the groups that had received HAESP. The study results also suggest a considerable statistical increase in the mean levels of renal enzymes and hepatic enzymes in different groups receiving HAESP.
Conclusion: The findings of the present study reflect the idea that the saffron petal hydroalcoholic extract can be effective even on renal and hepatic cells, and even in non-poisonous dosages. Therefore, care should be exercised in using the extract for its potentially therapeutic effects.
Problematic online gaming and the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: King Daniel L. , Delfabbro Paul H. , Billieux Joel , Potenza Marc N.
Published: April 2020

Stay-at-home mandates and quarantines related to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic have led to greatly increased participation in online gaming. Initiatives such as #PlayApartTogether that promote gaming for socializing and stress reduction may achieve positive outcomes. Although gaming can be a healthy coping strategy for the majority, it can also pose risks to some vulnerable individuals. Protracted periods of social isolation and technology-based activity pose the danger of solidifying unhealthy lifestyle patterns, leading to difficulties to readaptation when the COVID-19 crisis has passed. Balanced and effective approaches to gaming during the COVID-19 pandemic are needed to support physical and psychological wellbeing.
Rebels against the Anthropocene? Ideology, Spirituality, Popular Culture, and Human Domination of the World within the Disney Empire
Authors: Taylor Bron
Published: April 2020

There is no scientific consensus whether a new epoch labeled the Anthropocene should be declared and, if so, when it started. Yet the basic idea can be helpful and provocatively stated: The Anthropocene is that period in Earth’s history traceable to when Homo sapiens began subjugating and expropriating for its own use the world’s organisms and ecosystems. Given this understanding it may be possible to illuminate how ‘religion’ and ‘popular culture’ are entangled with these anthropogenic processes. The creative productions and commercial enterprises launched by Walt Disney and his corporation, reflect, express, and promote diverse understandings of the human domination of the world and those peoples often understood to have beneficent, spiritual relations with nature. Analyzing understandings, contentions, and trends that are found under Disney’s umbrella shows how it reflects and promotes diverse cultural understandings, including religious ones, about the proper relationships between human beings and their various environments. Such analysis also shows that significant changes are unfolding and that some of Disney’s creatives are among a growing chorus of rebels against the Anthropocene.
The Last Biped Standing? Climate Change and Evolutionary Exceptionalism at the Smithsonian Hall of Human Origins
Authors: Sideris Lisa H.
Published: April 2020

The David H. Koch Hall of Human Origins, housed at the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, is one of the most visited science exhibits in the world, but it has sparked controversy since its opening. Critics have worried that ties to Koch Industries have distorted the exhibition's presentation of evolutionary and climate science, but few have undertaken a detailed analysis of these and other influences on the exhibition. I argue that the evolutionary story presented at the Hall constitutes a problematic form of Anthropocene advocacy that minimizes climate concerns. The evolutionary narrative is woven together from a peculiar and somewhat dubious mix of scientific, religious, and metaphysical investments that, taken together, bolster claims of human exceptionalism and species unity, and encourage complacency about our present climate crisis. The Hall of Human Origins advances a religiously inflected notion of what it means to be human that naturalizes climate change as a reservoir of human creativity, intelligence, and innovation, and that sets our species apart from the natural world, even as it seeks to place humans within evolutionary history and deep time.
Computational Algorithms for Reducing Rational Transfer Functions’ Order
Authors: Gourary Mark , Rusakov Sergey , Zharov Mikhail , Ulyanov Sergey
Published: April 2020

A problem of reducing a linear time-invariant dynamic system is considered as a problem of approximating its initial rational transfer function with a similar function of a lower order. The initial transfer function  is also assumed to be rational. The approximation error is defined as the standard integral deviation of the transient characteristics of the initial and reduced transfer function in the time domain. The formulations of two main types of approximation problems are considered: a) the traditional problem of minimizing the approximation error at a given order of the reduced model; b) the proposed problem of minimizing the order of the model at  a given tolerance on the approximation error.

Algorithms for solving approximation problems based on the Gauss-Newton iterative process are developed. At the iteration step, the current deviation of the transient characteristics is linearized with respect to the coefficients of the denominator of the reduced transfer function. Linearized deviations are used to obtain new values of the transfer function coefficients using the least-squares method  in a functional space based on Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization. The general form of expressions representing linearized deviations of transient characteristics is obtained.

To solve the problem of minimizing the order of the transfer function in the framework of the least squares algorithm, the Gram-Schmidt process is also used. The completion criterion of the process is to achieve a given error tolerance. It is shown that the sequence of process steps corresponding to the alternation of coefficients of polynomials of the numerator and denominator of the transfer function provides the minimum order of transfer function.

The paper presents an extension of the developed algorithms to the case of a vector transfer function with a common denominator. An algorithm is presented with the approximation error defined in the form of a geometric sum of scalar errors. The use of the minimax form for error estimation and the possibility of extending the proposed approach to the problem of reducing the irrational initial transfer function are discussed.

Experimental code implementing the proposed algorithms is developed, and the results of numerical evaluations of test examples of various types are obtained.
Dopuszczalność krytyki ideologii gender w kontekście prawa do swobodnego pełnienia misji przez Kościół katolicki w Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej
Authors: Steczkowski Piotr
Published: April 2020

Artykuł ukazuje rozwój idei gender i jej wpływ na rozumienie praw człowieka w prawie międzynarodowym. W tym kontekście został postawiony problem ewentualnego konfliktu pomiędzy uprawnieniami osób LGBT a swobodą głoszenia doktryny religijnej przez Kościół katolicki. W wyniku przeprowadzonych analiz został sformułowany wniosek, że w obecnym stanie prawnym obowiązującym w Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej krytyka idei gender, jak również samego stylu życia osób LGBT jest dopuszczalna prawnie, pod warunkiem, że jej treść będzie zgodna z doktryną danego kościoła lub innego związku wyznaniowego, nie będzie naruszać dóbr osobistych tych osób oraz przepisów prawa karnego. Ponadto stwierdzono, że dokonywanie przez przedstawicieli Kościoła katolickiego w ramach wykonywanych przez nich funkcji ocen moralnych oraz krytyki ideologii gender, jak również efektów wdrażania jej w życie społeczne, mieści się w ramach swobodnego wykonywania misji Kościoła, ze względu na treść jego doktryny religijnej.
Kościół, urząd czy plener – miejsce zawarcia małżeństwa w Polsce
Authors: Story Marek
Published: April 2020

Celem artykułu jest ukazanie w świetle prawa kanonicznego, a także prawa cywilnego miejsc, w których można w sposób ważny zawrzeć małżeństwo w Polsce. Omówiono znowelizowane prawo o aktach stanu cywilnego, które z większą swobodą zezwala na zawieranie małżeństw cywilnych poza urzędem stanu cywilnego oraz stanowisko polskich biskupów w sprawie małżeństwa katolickiego zawieranego poza miejscem świętym. Biskupi w swoim dokumencie przypominają, że zwyczajnym i zalecanym miejscem celebracji sakramentu małżeństwa jest kościół jako miejsce poświęcone i przeznaczone do sprawowania liturgii. Dokument zaznacza, że ordynariusze miejsca w nadzwyczajnych okolicznościach, kierując się duszpasterską roztropnością, mogą podjąć decyzję o udzieleniu zgody na celebrację sakramentu małżeństwa poza miejscem świętym.
Awatary i powłoki: (bez)cielesność w literaturze cyberpunkowej
Authors: Mazurek Marcin
Published: April 2020

Artykuł porusza problem cielesności i jej granic w wybranych powieściach literatury cyberpunkowej, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem ewolucji reprezentacji ciała w przestrzeni wirtualnej, która stanowi główny znak rozpoznawczy omawianego gatunku. W ogólnym ujęciu wspomniana ewolucja postępuje od swoistej negacji ciała we wczesnej prozie cyberpunkowej, poprzez jego estetyzację w utworze Zamieć Neala Stephensona, po kwestię związku ciała z umysłem poruszoną w powieści Modyfikowany węgiel Richarda Morgana. Zagadnienie cielesności w omawianych tekstach stanowi zarówno problem, jak i wyzwanie ontologiczne, ulokowane zostaje bowiem w technologicznie determinowanych środowiskach, które zmuszają tekstualne podmioty, a tym samym czytelnika, do ciągłej rewizji granic i statusu własnej cielesności w świecie coraz bardziej przypominającym cyberpunkowe scenerie.
Zagadnienie cielesności w ujęciu Emmanuela Lévinasa: rozkosz erotyczna i pieszczota
Authors: Słomka Jan
Published: April 2020

Lévinas opisuje zbliżenie i rozkosz erotyczną jako analogiczne do spotkania człowieka objawiającego się w twarzy Innego. To zbliżenie realizujące się w pieszczocie jest rozkoszą. Rozkosz jest przez Lévinasa traktowana jako podstawowy sposób istnienia człowieka, jako pierwotne doznanie siebie samego, wcześniejsze i odrębne od intencjonalności. Ta myśl filozofa uwyraźnia to, jak bardzo wrażenie zmysłowe jest w istocie ludzkie, a przede wszystkim jak specyficznie ludzka jest zmysłowość erotyki, która jest zmysłowością bliskości z innym człowiekiem, oraz to, jak jest odmienna od wrażeń wywołanych przez jakikolwiek sztuczny impuls. Ta różnica dotyczy całej cielesności człowieka. Ciało ludzkie i jego zmysłowość nie są po prostu materią i impulsami. Takie ujęcie erotyki i cielesności pozwala zobaczyć dwa paradygmaty poznania rzeczywistości i dwie antropologie oraz wskazać możliwość odwołania się do cielesnej, zmysłowej antropologii Lévinasa w ­teologii moralnej w celu pokazania etycznego wymiaru zbliżenia erotycznego.
Idea cybernieśmiertelności a struktura bytu ludzkiego
Authors: Wójtowicz Marek
Published: April 2020

Jedną z najważniejszych idei transhumanizmu jest zamiar radykalnego przedłużenia ludzkiego życia, a ostatecznym celem – całkowite pokonanie śmierci. Ma się to dokonać za sprawą transferu umysłu, a więc przeniesienia całego wyposażenia jednostki w wymiar cyfrowy. Postczłowiekowi, niezależnemu od biologicznego ciała, będzie wówczas przysługiwać możliwość cybernieśmiertelności. Perspektywa ta budzi wiele wątpliwości. W artykule przedstawiona jest analiza filozoficznych podstaw transhumanistycznego immortalizmu. Okazuje się, że bazuje on na jednym ze współczesnych wariantów materializmu: funkcjonalizmie obliczeniowym – problematycznej, redukcjonistycznej ­koncepcji kognitywistycznej.
Pojmowanie ciała w ramach koncepcji śmierci mózgowej a chrześcijańskie rozumienie człowieka i jego cielesności. Zarys problematyki
Authors: Maliszewska Anna
Published: April 2020

Definicja śmierci mózgowej, choć wychodzi od danych empirycznych, jest ideą filozoficzną opartą na konkretnych założeniach antropologicznych. Owe dane nauk szczegółowych są wyłącznie punktem wyjścia, który domaga się interpretacji. Celem niniejszego tekstu jest odkrycie założeń antropologicznych leżących u podstaw definicji śmierci mózgowej – czy mówiąc precyzyjniej dwóch podstawowych odmian definicji śmierci mózgowej – i zderzenie ich z tym, jaki obraz człowieka wyłania się z wiary chrześcijańskiej, szczególnie w odniesieniu do ludzkiej cielesności. Wydaje się, że choć większość teologów i hierarchów Kościoła katolickiego jest przychylna definicji śmierci mózgowej, koncepcja ta rodzi pewne problemy w punktu widzenia wiary. Niniejszy tekst podejmuje również polemikę z teologami katolickimi, którzy próbują uzgadniać współczesne medyczne kryterium śmierci ludzkiej z teologiczną „definicją” śmierci, gubiąc cenne wątki tradycji chrześcijańskiej odnoszącej się do człowieka.
Now I Am Dead
Authors: Bredenbröker Isabel , Bergmann Philipp
Published: April 2020

Now I am Dead (2018) takes an unexpected turn which transforms the narrative from meta-critical docufiction into an immersive tale. Anthropologist Isabel Bredenbröker and director Philipp Bergmann had planned to explore the status quo of the ethnographic encounter through the lens of Isabel’s research on death in a Ghanaian town. Shortly after their arrival in Ghana, in the midst of filming, Isabel’s grandfather dies in Germany. Baffled by the coincidence, in between assisting an undertaker, visiting the morgue, attending funerals and inspecting cemeteries, she asks for advice. How to react to the death of a far-away family member whilst shooting a film on death in West Africa? Help comes from friends and collaborators: an undertaker, a neighbour, a research assistant and friend, a priest. A second narrative streak in which the grandfather is commemorated in town develops alongside other death-related events, such as the picking up of a soul or the dressing and treatment of dead bodies. The perspective of the foreign visitor is tragicomically inverted and incorporated into a local perspective. The distinction between the other culture and one’s own gets blurred, just as the threshold between life and death can be experienced in a playful way.
El secreto del mundo
Authors: Serulnikov Sergio
Published: April 2020

En este artículo se explora la repercusión de la historia global en la historiografía latinoamericana. A semejanza de lo que ha ocurrido en los países centrales, en los últimos años, el llamado giro global ha ganado gran prominencia en la región. Argumentaremos, sin embargo, que su adopción presenta un rasgo paradójico. Mientras las historias mundiales —el núcleo duro del campo en el ámbito académico anglosajón— han suscitado escaso interés, lo contrario ha ocurrido con enfoques relacionales como la historia transnacional, conectada o cruzada. Detrás de esta desigual acogida subyacen motivos historiográficos y geopolíticos de mucha significación. Se examina al respecto la relación de las tradiciones historiográficas globales latinoamericanas con las nuevas historias universales; se repasan las agendas de investigación conformadas en América Latina en torno a esa aproximación al pasado; y se cotejan sucintamente, en base a dos importantes libros sobre el tema, las implicancias de los modelos de análisis global en la reescritura de las historias nacionales de Chile y Estados Unidos.
Antropofagia em dois tempos
Authors: Neto Mauro Franco , Gaio Henrique Pinheiro Costa
Published: April 2020

Neste artigo, buscamos desdobrar um exercício de aproximação entre as obras de Oswald de Andrade e Haroldo de Campos por meio da incorporação e compartilhamento de certo gesto antropofágico frente à história. Interessa-nos, particularmente, analisar como os dois autores mobilizavam extratos de historicidade para cumprir o objetivo de um tensionamento da história e da temporalidade. Para tanto, recorremos a ensaios e textos críticos dos dois escritores, analisando como no interior de seus projetos “historiográficos” – seja na errática oswaldiana ou no paideuma haroldiano - a história é investida de uma potência reflexiva e disruptiva para o presente. Desse modo, o horizonte de uma historiografia antropofágica parece possibilitar a emergência de passados silenciados e uma espécie de rearranjo sincrônico, tanto retrospectivo quanto utópico.
The New Faces of the Historical Novel
Authors: Charbel Felipe
Published: April 2020

This article analyzes the problem of referentiality in the historical novel, based on a comparison between its classic and contemporary forms. The first section addresses the “mixture of history and invention” that, following Alessandro Manzoni, was the foremost characteristic of the realist historical novel. The next section discusses how the meta-historical novel of the second half of the 20th century - for example, Disgrace (J. M. Coetzee) and El entenado (Juan José Saer)-eclipsed the problem of referentiality by assuming that the historical novel should operate by its own procedures, and not those of history. The following sections discuss the referential turn in 21st century literary narratives, focusing on three novels: El material humano, by Rodrigo Rey Rosa; K. Relato de uma busca, by Bernardo Kucinski, and Jan Karski, by Yannick Haenel. The article concludes that the inversion of these two poles—from non-referentiality to the predominance of referentiality—is an unexpected facet of the elasticity of the concept (and practice) of fiction, which by denying itself ultimately enriches itself.
Gestión de seguridad psicológica del personal sanitario en situaciones de emergencia por COVID-19 en el contexto hospitalario o de aislamiento
Authors: Almaguer Aymara Cruz , Alvarez Ana Karina Gutiérrez , Santos Elizabeth Zaldivar
Published: April 2020

Introducción La pandemia de la COVID-19 ha puesto a prueba los sistemas de salud en casi todos los países del mundo, los resultados de la propagación de la enfermedad han indicado que la seguridad psicológica del personal sanitario es condición indispensable para brindar cuidados a los enfermos, sin embargo, los documentos vigentes no tienen en cuenta de forma explícita ese aspecto. Objetivo Sintetizar acciones para la gestión de la seguridad psicológica del personal sanitario en condiciones de emergencia por pandemia de la COVID-19 en el contexto hospitalario o de aislamiento.Métodos Revisión bibliográfica sistemática, basada en los protocolos de atención a pacientes con COVID-19, documentos técnicos de la OPS- Enfermedad por el coronavirus y de artículos científicos publicados en fuentes nacionales e internacionales, en español e inglés, en el período diciembre 2019 abril 2020 , indexadas en las bases de datos: Sage Journal, Oxford University Press, Elsevier y Science. En la estrategia de búsqueda se utilizará el método PRISMA, combinando palabras clave y operadores boléanos. A los resultados se realizaron análisis de contenidos. Conclusiones Un sistema de acciones para organizar el trabajo de profesionales de la salud afectados no solo como tratantes de la enfermedad, sino como personas vulnerables y necesitadas de ser objeto de la gestión de su seguridad para su salud mental.
I Have Cancer–Now What?
Authors: Christiansen Neal P.
Published: April 2020

This narrative, by an oncologist, is a personal account of what life with cancer means.
HER2 Overexpression as a Poor Prognostic Determinant in Resected Biliary Tract Cancer
Authors: Vivaldi Caterina , Fornaro Lorenzo , Ugolini Clara , Niccoli Cristina , Musettini Gianna , Pecora Irene , Cacciato Insilla Andrea , Salani Francesca , Pasquini Giulia , Catanese Silvia , Lencioni Monica , Masi Gianluca , Campani Daniela , Fontantini Gabriella , Falcone Alfredo , Vasile Enrico
Published: April 2020

Background

HER2 overexpression has been investigated as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in biliary tract cancer (BTC), but a prognostic role of such alteration has not been demonstrated yet.

Materials and Methods

We retrospectively evaluated HER2 protein expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 100 patients with radically resected BTC. HER2 gene amplification was assessed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in 2+ and 3+ cases at IHC. High HER2 protein expression was defined as either IHC 3+ or 2+ associated with FISH positivity. The primary objective of the study was to evaluate the prognostic role of HER2 overexpression in terms of disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Secondary endpoints were the prevalence of HER2 overexpression and the possible correlation with other clinicopathological features.

Results

HER2 overexpression was identified in 11 patients and was not related to other clinicopathological factors. DFS was significantly shorter in HER2-positive compared with HER2-negative patients (10.6 vs. 20.9 months, log-rank p = .017). HER2 confirmed its prognostic value for DFS at multivariate analysis (hazard ratio 2.512; 95% confidence interval, 1.232–5.125; p = .011) together with nodal stage (p < .001), resection margin (p = .027), and tumor site (p = .030). There was no difference in OS between HER2-positive and -negative patients (p = .068).

Conclusion

HER2 overexpression represents an independent prognostic factor for disease recurrence in patients with BTC treated with potentially curative surgery.
Verification of runoff volume, peak discharge and sediment yield simulated using the ACRU model for bare fallow and sugarcane fields
Authors: Daniel Otim  , Jeff Smithers  , Aidan Senzanje  , Rianto van Antwerpen
Published: April 2020

The Agricultural Catchments Research Unit (ACRU) model is a daily time step physical-conceptual agrohydrological model with various applications, design hydrology being one of them. Model verification is a measure of model performance and streamflow, soil water content and sediment yield simulated by the ACRU model have been extensively verified against observed data in southern Africa and internationally. The primary objective of this study was to verify simulated runoff volume, peak discharge and sediment yield against observed data from small catchments, under both bare fallow conditions and sugarcane production, which were located at La Mercy in South Africa. The study area comprised 4 research catchments, 101, 102, 103 and 104, monitored both under bare fallow conditions and sugarcane production, with different management practices per catchment.  Observed data comprised: daily rainfall, maximum and minimum temperature, A-pan evaporation and runoff for the period 1978–1995, and peak discharge and sediment yield for the period 1984–1995. The data were checked for errors and and inconsistent records excluded from analysis. Runoff volume, peak discharge and sediment yield were simulated with the ACRU model and verified against the respective observed data. In general, the correlations between observed and simulated daily runoff volumes and peak discharge were acceptable (i.e. slopes of regression lines close to unity, R2 ≥ 0.6 and the Nash–Sutcliffe coefficient of efficiency close to unity). Similarly, the correlation between observed and simulated sediment yield was also good. From the results obtained, it is concluded that the ACRU model is suitable for the simulation of runoff volume, peak discharge and sediment yield from catchments under both bare fallow and sugarcane land cover in South Africa.
Effect of Moistube and subsurface drip irrigation on cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (l.) Walp) production in South Africa
Authors: Edwin Kimutai Kanda  , Aidan Senzanje  , Tafadzwanashe Mabhaudhi
Published: April 2020

Moistube irrigation (MTI) is a new subsurface irrigation technology where the water emits from a semi-permeable membrane at a slow rate depending on applied pressure and soil water potential. There is lack of information on how various crops respond to MTI. This study determined growth, yield and water use efficiency (WUE) of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) under varying water regimes under MTI and subsurface drip irrigation (SDI), using field and glasshouse experiments in summer and winter of 2018, respectively. A split-plot design arranged in randomized complete blocks, replicated 3 times, with SDI as the control experiment was used. The main plot was irrigation type while the sub-plots were the water regimes. The water treatments consisted of full irrigation (100% of crop water requirement (ETc)), and deficit irrigation (DI) of 70% ETc and 40% ETc. Water deficit had a significant effect (p < 0.05) on time to flowering; plants under 40% ETc flowered 14 days earlier than plants at 100% ETc. There were significant (p < 0.05) differences in yield components. Grain yields were 1 280 kg∙ha-1, 2 401 kg∙ha-1 and 3 189 kg∙ha-1 for 40% ETc, 70% ETc and 100% ETc, respectively, but no significant (p > 0.05) differences were recorded between SDI and MTI. However, at 40% ETc, SDI had 15% higher yield than MTI. Biomass varied significantly (p < 0.05) with irrigation type and water treatment. Grain WUE varied significantly (p < 0.05) among the water regimes. The highest WUE was achieved under SDI at 70% ETc but was not significantly different from that under MTI at 70% ETc.  In conclusion, performance of cowpea was similar under the two irrigation systems under moderate DI but was better for SDI under severe DI with respect to biomass and WUE for the summer trial. Moderate DI improved the grain WUE while all the DI conditions improved the biomass WUE.
SUDAHKAH EVALUASI KEMAHIRAN BERBICARA BAHASA ARAB PADA TINGKAT DASAR DILAKUKAN?
Authors: Kholisoh Laili Nur
Published: April 2020

Evaluation is something that is commonplace and even just flows in accordance with the calendar of education. This research aims to find out and look for a solution of the problems that occur when implementing an evaluation for Arabic speaking skills at the level of data done by observation and interviews to several Arabic language teachers at the elementary level. With the data already obtained the writer to study literature to relate some of the problems with the existing theories to find relevant solutions for each issue found. As for some of the problems found related to the evaluation of speaking skills of students at the primary level, including the following: 1) Teachers often neglect the evaluation of speaking skills for being too focused on the written evaluation, 2) time is inadequate also make teachers second priority to this evaluation, 3) Teachers admitted the difficulty to make the right instrument for the evaluation of speaking skills, and 4) the ability of students limited hamper the ongoing evaluation of speaking skills. From some of the existing problems, there are several solutions to overcome them. One was a teacher must adjust the evaluation of speaking skills are as important as some other language proficiency evaluation.
IDENTIFIKASI PRIORITAS PENGEMBANGAN AGROWISATA BANGKA BOTANICAL GARDEN (BBG) KOTA PANGKALPINANG
Authors: Wahyudin Nanang , Akbar Muhammad Faisal , Sugiharti Sugiharti
Published: April 2020

ABSTRAKMasuknya Bangka Botanical Garden (BBG) dalam nominasi anugerah pesona Indonesia ke IV tahun 2019 menjadi peluang bagi destinasi pariwisata Kota Pangkalpinang untuk meningkatkan kunjungan wisatawan nusantara maupun mancanegara, dalam rangka mendukung percepatan pengembangan perbaikan destinasi pariwisata BBG perlu diidentifikasi potensi dan prioritas pengembangan perbaikaan yang tepat sasaran, Penelitian ini dilakukan diwilayah pangkalpinang objek utamanya yaitu agrowisata Bangka Botanical Garden (BBG), adapun teknik pengambilan sampel non probability sampling dengan metode Convenience Sampling sehingga ditetapkan jumlah sampel sebesar 60 responden,  untuk melihat potensi serta kelemahan secara detail menggunakan analisis IPA (Importance Performance Analysis) yang akhirnya menghasilkan prioritas yang perlu dilakukan perbaikan. Adapun hasil penelitian menemukan perioritas utama perbaikan ialah layanan fasilitas umum (Kuantitas kualitas toilet, tempat sampah dan kondisi jalan objek wisata) serta program promosi yang membranding BBG menjadi Agrowisata Unggulan Kota Pangkalpinang. Kata Kunci: Agrowisata, BBG, Important Performance Analysis, Strategi IDENTIFICATION OF THE PRIORITY OF BANGKA BOTANICAL GARDEN (BBG) DEVELOPMENT PANGKALPINANG CITY ABSTRACTThe inclusion of Bangka Botanical Garden (BBG) in the nomination of the Anugrah Pesona Indonesia IV in 2019 becomes an opportunity for Pangkal Pinang City tourism destinations to increase domestic and foreign tourist visits, in order to support the acceleration of the development of BBG tourism destination improvements, it is necessary to identify the potential and priority of development that is right on target. This research was conducted in the base area of the main object, namely Bangka Botanical Garden (BBG) agrotourism, while the non-probability sampling technique using Convenience Sampling method so that the sample size of 60 respondents was determined, to see the potential and weakness in detail using IPA analysis (Importance Performance Analysis ) which ultimately results in priorities that need improvement. The results of the study found that the main priority of improvement is public facilities services (Quantity of quality of toilets, trash bins and the condition of tourist attraction roads) as well as promotion programs that are comparing BBG to Pangkalpinang City's Superior AgroTourism. Keywords: Agrotourism, BBG Important Performance Analysis, Strategy
Penerjemahan Novel Dracula Karya Bram Stoker dari Bahasa Inggris ke dalam Bahasa Indonesia: Kasus Pengalihan Skema Budaya Divergen
Authors: Jaya Doni
Published: April 2020

Divergent cultural schema (DCS) is a collection of cultural knowledge required to interpret a text, which is assumed to be present in source readers (SR) but absent in target readers (TR). DCS typically takes the form of a highly concise source text without any sufficient information, so the translator applied various strategies. Bram Stoker’s Dracula, consisting of its English source text (ST) and Indonesian target text (TT), was chosen as data source due to its strong Victorian-European setting which contains many potential DCS. Data analysis generated several categories of results. The first is units of analysis (n = 758) which are classified into various schemata (n = 21) and subschemata (n = 84) based on certain similarity in schematic characteristics. The second is various types of ST divergence (n = 13). The third is the reasons for applying domesticating (n = 16) or foreignizing (n = 12) strategies, as well as their weaknesses (n = 20). The fourth is domestication as the dominant translation ideology. The fifth is a number of interesting phenomena (n = 25) related to the transfer of DCS such as ideological level, different levels of divergence among TR, and “foreignization” and “domestication” by ST writer. This research demonstrates the complexity of strategy applications and ideological positions which are dependent on many factors such as narrative context, linguistic constraints, ST divergence, or TR schemata.
KAJIAN SOSIO-HISTORIS TENTANG PANDANGAN DUNIA ATONI PAH METO DALAM RITUS POITAN LIANA
Authors: Afi Kristian E.Y.M , Banamtuan Maglon F
Published: April 2020

This article describes the world view of the people of South Central Timor Regency regarding Atoni Pah Meto in the Poitan Liana Rite. With qualitative descriptive methods, the paper formulated (1) Poitan Liana Rite means the kinship displayed in the role of Atoin Amaf in belief in Uis Neno, Uis Pah, and the ancestors through symbolic actions and speech; (2) Timorese view their life as an integral part of supernatural life, and the continuation of people’s lives in harmony between social order and cosmic order. Uis Neno, Uis Pah, and Ancestors are believed to be a supernatural power involved in human life. All forms of supernatural power interventions are in the context of the life of Atoni Pah Meto that proceeds to actualize themselves as “Responsible on earth”. (3) All human efforts are seen as a blessing from Uis Neno, Uis Pah, and the ancestors. Overall Poitan Liana’s ceremony contains meaning related to the understanding of self, nature, and society on one hand, as well as relations with supernatural powers on the other. In this vertical and horizontal dimension, Orang Boti directs himself to the vertical dimension to maintain his life in the horizontal dimension.
Using the Network-Based Theory for Monitoring Sustainable Interconnectedness on e-Business
Authors: PERDAHÇI Ziya Nazım , AYDIN Mehmet Nafiz
Published: April 2020

Online Interactive Platforms offer a variety of services including communication, information exchange, and connections that can create hundreds of thousands of interconnected users. Recent studies suggest that growth and sustainability of platfom users’ interconnectedness, that is, users' collective tendency to interconnectedness, are the two essential ingredients to succeed in such e-Businesses. This paper aims to explore the notion of “network correlation” in e-Business context in an attempt to provide managers of online interactive platforms with an analytical tool for monitoring growth and sustainability of users’ interconnectedness. We leverage Doktorsitesi.com as a digital trace data source and user metadata (role, gender) source to conduct both static and temporal network correlation analysis, and show that network correlations regarding the extent to which users are interconnected and network correlations regarding user metadata can help us to monitor and to suggest ways to quantitatively sustain growth of users’ interconnectedness. Taken together, our results suggest that network correlation analyses is capable of offering analytics to better describe, prescribe, and predict sustainable users’ interconnectedness on online interactive platforms. Accordinly, platform managers may consider the addition of a platform feature that helps newcomers with growing their interconnectedness based on the interconnectedness analytics.
Digitization of the Carnegie Analog Broadband Instruments Tape Records (1965–1996)
Authors: Golden Steven , Wagner Lara S. , Schleigh Brian , Power Daniela , Roman Diana C. , Sacks Selwyn I. , Janiszewski Helen
Published: April 2020

Between 1965 and 2003, the Carnegie Institution of Washington’s Department of Terrestrial Magnetism operated a continuous network of nine broadband seismographs with locations in South America, Japan, Iceland, Papua New Guinea, and Washington, D.C. The Carnegie seismographs designed in the 1960s by Selwyn Sacks were among the earliest broadband instruments, sensing between at least 30 s and ∼30  Hz. Given the scarcity of historic seismic data of comparable bandwidth and dynamic range prior to the widespread shift to force-feedback instruments and digital recording around the mid-1980s, this dataset is still of high scientific value today.

The Carnegie seismographs recorded data to magnetic tapes meant to be read and analyzed using a custom playback system. Since 1989 these tapes have been stored in a climate-controlled, electromagnetically shielded room, which preserved them in reasonably good condition. However, some tapes now show signs of moisture damage, and reading them is difficult and time consuming by today’s standards, creating a barrier to the use of this dataset. To overcome these issues, we have undertaken an ongoing effort to digitize this dataset with the goal of making it publicly available in Standard for the Exchange of Earthquake Data (SEED) format at the Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology Data Management Center (IRIS DMC).
O narrador de Los ríos profundos e suas relações com a heterogeneidade e a melancolia / The Narrator of Los ríos profundos and Its Relations with Heterogeneity and the Melancholy
Authors: Correia Elayne Castro
Published: April 2020

Resumo: O presente trabalho realiza uma leitura sobre o narrador de Los ríos profundos (2016), de José María Arguedas (1911-1969), a partir da relação entre a heterogeneidade e a melancolia. Cornejo Polar (2008), a exemplo, foi pioneiro ao inserir, dentro de suas discussões sobre a heterogeneidade – isto é, a interseção conflituosa de dois ou mais universos socioculturais distintos em um só extrato literário – reflexões acerca do narrador-personagem e suas memórias. Ángel Rama (2008), por sua vez, elaborou uma teoria que frisa a pertinência de dois narradores, um principal e outro etnológico, que formam um todo sintético. De modo a retomar a validade das contribuições de Cornejo Polar, assim como também fizeram Alberto Moreiras (2001) e Marcos Natali (2005), procura-se relacionar a heterogeneidade e a melancolia ao narrador, visto que aquela, conflituosa por natureza, permite o surgimento desta, também conflituosa, dupla e ambígua. Além disso, empreende-se, de forma rápida, uma aproximação da heterogeneidade com a tradução e, evidentemente, com a melancolia. Ressalta-se que este estudo não possui comprometimento com a área clínica ou psicanalítica. Para dar cabo ao projeto analítico, conta-se principalmente com as contribuições de Cornejo Polar, além de Walter Benjamin (2013; 2016) e Susana Kampff Lages (2007).Palavras-chave: Arguedas; Los ríos profundos; narrador; heterogeneidade; melancolia.Abstract: This work aims at addressing one perspective of reading about the narrator of Los ríos profundos (2016), written by José María Arguedas (1911-1969), based on the relations between the heterogeneity and the melancholy. Cornejo Polar (2008), for example, was a pioneer in discussing, within his discussions about the heterogeneity – i.e., the conflictuous intersection of two or more sociocultural universes in only one literary extract – reflections about the narrator-character and his memories. Ángel Rama (2008), in turn, elaborated a theory that emphasizes the relevance of two narrators, one main and one ethnological, who form a synthetic whole. In order to retake the validity of the Cornejo Polar’s contributions, also Alberto Moreiras’s (2001) and Marcos Natali’s (2005), we try to relate the heterogeneity and the melancholy to the narrator, since the former, conflicting by nature, allows the emergence of the latter, also conflicting, double, and ambiguous. In addition, an approximation of heterogeneity with translation and, of course, with melancholy is rapidly undertaken. It is noteworthy that this study does not commit to the clinical nor to the psychoanalytical area. Cornejo Polar’s, Walter Benjamin’s (2013, 2016) and Susana Kampff Lages’s (2007) contributions were  considered to carry out the analytical project.Keywords: Arguedas; Los ríos profundos; narrator; heterogeneity; melancholy.