bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Proses Kebertahanan Kampung Petempen Dalam Perkembangan Kota
Authors: Aprianto Rizal
Published: July 2018

Gajahmada become one area with great potential value in the property. Kampong Petempen located in the surrounding area are also not spared Gajahmada affected the development of property in the area. Now some homes in Kampong Petempen has been sold and have been change the high rise buildings. However, there are still some Petempen residents which still survive. The purpose of this research is to see how the adaptation done Petempen residents in order to maintain their homes of calls for the development of trade and services around it. This research was conducted with used a qualitative approach through descriptive analysis qualitative technique. Result the research can be concluded that, Kampong Petempen will gradually disappeared, The resilience process by residents just survived by means of waiting for a price deal and seeks exchange around, meanwhile the percentage of people who do not want to move by reason of comfortable live in Petempen are incredibly small. This virtue of, First, most areas of Kampong Petempen were in owned by landlords, bargaining position between residents who still stay with the developers is very low. Second, happened symbiotic mutualism between residents who status his house not certified and is the home heirs with the developers. Third, the Petempen residents who survives adapt by means of emerged as the created new economic system by opening businesses, as food stalls and boarding house.
Pengaruh Sektor Pariwisata Terhadap Perekonomian dan Keruangan Kota Bukittinggi (Pendekatan Analisis Input Output)
Authors: Arianti Desi
Published: July 2018

Bukittinggi city is one of the city located in the province of West Sumatra . Although it does not have the potential of natural resources that can be exploited , Bukittinggi has another potential, which is a beautiful natural conditions, the air is cool, has a historic heritage places, and is located in a strategic position potentially make this city as tourists visiting the area. Because of the potential of the tourism sector serve as a leading sector in the city of Bukittinggi, which is expected to be the main driver of the city economy. This research was conducted with input-output analysis approach, to examine how the influence of the tourism sector and linkages with other sectors of the economy of the town of Bukittinggi. Moreover it will be seen also how the spatial effect of the tourism sector on the pattern and structure of urban space Bukittinggi. The influence of the tourism sector to the economy of Bukittinggi shows the role of the tourism sector to the total demand is 40.86% when grouped into the business field of agriculture and mining sector, industrial sector, tourism sector and the service sector. Linkages with other sectors of the tourism sector seen from the spread of the power index and the degree of sensitivity, all sectors related to tourism activities have spread of power index > 1. But the degree of sensitivity index > 1 only occurs in large & retail trade sector and the transport, while the hotel secto, restaurants and entertainment and recreation has index < 1. Multiplier effect of all relevant sectors of tourism activities have a relatively large effect on both the output multiplier effects, household income and employment. Application of financial input scenarios, showing the influence of the tourism sector on the economy will be larger Bukittinggi if allocated greater financial inputs to the sectors of tourism, both in the form of government spending and investment spending. The existence of attractions around the city center has affected the structure of the city, where the activity and tourism-related businesses keen to be located closer to attractions. However, the pattern of urban development to the east, north and south of the city is more influenced by the presence of the road network.
Peran Terminal Seruni Dalam Sistem Transportasi Perkotaan Kota Cilegon
Authors: Fitriyadi Fitriyadi
Published: July 2018

Cilegon is one of the National Activity Centre (PKN) in Banten Province. As PKN, Cilegon generate movement from out of town towards Cilegon, either using AKAP/AKDP buses and urban transportation from the place of origin. Many AKAP/AKDP bus passengers fell in the shadow of the terminal, while the urban transport passengers from the outside get into the city of Cilegon and drop off passengers . The number of outer urban transport operating in Cilegon Cilegon City area adds to congestion in Jalan Sultan and Jalan Ahmad Yani Ageng Tirtayasa , especially at rush hour. Therefor, the Government of Cilegon Municipality then implement the construction of SeruniTerminal, officially put into operation on April 1, 2013. With the expected Seruni terminal buses no longer drop off passengers at the terminal shadow, and urban transport outside the city of Cilegon not get into town. Positivistic approach and methods used in this study is a quantitative method , as well as some analysis used : (1) the analysis of the characteristics of SeruniTerminal, (2) analysis of traffic volume in Seruni Terminal, (3) analysis of urban transport route network in Cilegon, and (4) policy analysis for development of The Seruni Terminal, is expected to answer the research question, namely : " the role of Seruni Terminal in the urban transport system in Cilegon Municipality? "The results obtained from this study is the lack of Seruni Terminal has a role in urban transport systems in Cilegon. To enhance the role, it’s can be done with urban transport route A.01 Cilegon-Anyer and Merak-Cilegon M.01 directed toward Seruni Terminal, and/or the addition of a new trajectory Cilegon-JLS. Therefor, Seruni Terminal is expected to increase the role of the movement in serving urban communities in Cilegon.
Pergeseran Kebijakan Tata Ruang Kota Semarang 1975-2011: Dari Pembangunan Sektoral Menuju Keterpaduan Ruang
Authors: Nugraha M. Luthfi , Mardiansjah Fadjar Hari
Published: July 2018

Development process in a city should not be separated from the spatial planning. Therefore, spatial planning policy is always shifting and improving every time. Based on research by Lisdiono (2008), mostly the policy shifting is happened because of influence from the investor in the development. A research used for identifying the spatial planning policy shifting is needed in Semarang in order to make sure that the policy shifting is happened because of those policies are need to be improved as a result of the planning process. The metodology of the reasearch is qualitative research to identifiying path dependence phenomena, to reveal the policy shifting process by the literature, regulation, and document review, with the depth interview with the key person and the other actor that involve in the spatial planning formulation in each planning period. The result are the spatial planning policy shifting is caused by several things, i.e. : policy shifting on spatial planning guidance, national and regional policy focus adjusment, and the city development. Beside that, it is also known that there is a gap between spatial planning policy and its implementation. Spatial planning policy shifting can be used for consideration in formulating the policies in the future.
Preferensi Pengembangan Permukiman Pusat Kota di Kelurahan Pandansari, Kecamatan Semarang Tengah, Kota Semarang
Authors: Fahdian Achmad Tsani , Mardiansjah Fadjar Hari
Published: July 2018

The less settlements, especially in urban settlements, urban regeneration is needed to support the preparation of residential land. The purpose of this study is to determine the preferences of the development of residential areas located downtown if influenced by internal and external factors that exist around the area. The research method used in this study is quantitative-qualitative mix method, with survey technique and descriptive statistical analysis using cross-sectional (crosstab) and chi-square test. The result of the research shows that the better education level with the old age with the status of HGB occupancy, Pandansari residents mostly have non-permanent job and utilize occupancy to trade. For residential characteristics, one floor functioned as a private residence, while 2 floors for residence kos, there are also in the form of shophouses, inns, hotels, and even there is an apartment being built. Residential preference of Pandansari residents to their present occupancy of shelter, safe environment of flood, tranquility, and hygiene, good drainage condition, effectiveness of water quality provision, electricity supply, good quality of educational facilities, and proximity to trading facilities. Implementation of the concept of city cluster development can be done if: equal land area, model model house, community access road, fair tax policy between landowners, controlled population density, fair management cooperation with investors, economic improvement, and the common vision of residents.
Dampak Pengembangan Pos Lintas Batas Negara (PLBN) Motaain Pada Kawasan Perbatasan RI-RDTL Di Kabupaten Belu Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur
Authors: Bara Lay John Ronald Benyamin , Wahyono Hadi
Published: July 2018

Kabupaten Belu merupakan salah satu kabupaten di Provinsi NTT yang berbatasan darat langsung dengan Negara RDTL sepanjang 126 KM dan terdapat 2 pintu resmi sebagai pintu gerbang di perbatasan RI-RDTL yaitu Motaain dan Turiskain. Terbukanya akses PLBN secara formal dan pengembangan PLBN Motaain yang didukung dengan konektivitas dan aksesbilitas yang semakin baik ke kawasan perbatasan berdampak terhadap meningkatnya kegiatan perdagangan di sekitar kawasan tersebut. Dengan melihat kondisi ini, perlu dilakukan penelitian untuk mengkaji dampak pengembangan PLBN Motaain ini terhadap kegiatan perdagangan. Pendekatan penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif yang bersifat nonnumerik atau data tidak dalam bentuk angka. Adapun sifat yang digunakan dalam metode ini berupa deskriptif dan merupakan uraian-uraian yang menjelaskan keadaan dilapangan. Model penelitian yang dipilih adalah studi kasus dengan bentuk intrinsic yang bertujuan untuk memahami secara lebih baik dan mendalam tentang suatu kasus tertentu. Hasil kajian dari kondisi perdagangan di kawasan perbatasan Motaain sebelum dan sesudah serta dampak pengembangan PLBN Motaain terhadap kegiatan perdagangan, disimpulkan bahwa terjadi perubahan pada kegiatan perdagangan di kawasan perbatasan Motaain yang berkaitan dengan pelaku perdagangan, alur perdagangan, jenis dan jumlah fasilitas perdagangan yang berdampak juga pada biaya perdagangan, intensitas kegiatan perdagangan, pendapatan perkapita dan berdampak pada pertumbuhan ekonomi dalam skala mikro, mezo dan makro.
Frames of reference in discourse: Spatial descriptions in Bashkir (Turkic)
Authors: Nikitina Tatiana
Published: July 2018

In spite of the growing body of research on frames of spatial reference, a number of important questions remain unanswered. This study explores reference frame use in Bashkir, based on a linguistic matching task and a nonverbal task. In the linguistic task, speakers relied freely on intrinsic and relative frames. In intrinsic descriptions, two different kinds of mapping were attested: a mapping based on the Ground’s function, and a mapping based on the Ground’s shape. Several factors were identified that affect the choice of linguistic description, including lexical choice, the chair’s orientation with respect to the viewer, and the speaker’s age. Interference from Russian was not a significant factor. The repair strategies speakers used when encountering misunderstanding suggest that they were not aware of the source of their difficulties. A number of previous studies reported, for different languages, a correlation between reference frame use in linguistic and nonlinguistic tasks, supporting the linguistic relativity hypothesis. The data from Bashkir shows no such correlation: nonverbal coding strategies did not correspond to the same individual’s linguistic strategies, but correlated with the use of Russian in linguistic descriptions. I interpret this finding tentatively as pointing toward a mediated relationship between spatial cognition and language.
A corpus-based investigation of modal verbs in Chinese civil-commercial legislation and its English versions
Authors: Pei Jiamin , Li Jian
Published: July 2018

This paper aims to investigate the distribution of semantic meanings and values of modal verbs in Chinese civil-commercial legislation and its English versions. This is a corpus-based study with two corpora (one is Chinese corpora including 33 Chinese civil-commercial legislative instruments totaling about 343,677 tokens and the other English corpora including 33 corresponding English versions totaling about 254,621 tokens) compiled according to the taxonomic law branches in the People’s Republic of China. The corpus tools,word2vector, AntConc 3.5.7andSPSS 19.0, were employed for data filtering and analysis. Results of the study show that deontic modal verbs indicating obligation, permission and prohibition are the most frequently used type of modal verbs and the values of Chinese modal verbs and English modal verbs are significantly different. Moreover, the frequency of modal verbs in both corpora reflects the divergence of context culture between Chinese and English. Additionally, the choice of modal verbs in two corpora demonstrates the negotiability, compromise and humanity of Chinese civil-commercial legislation, which conforms to its interpersonal function. Furthermore, throughout analyzing the examples extracted from two corpora, this study attempts to provide some insights to the modal translation, during which the consistency and equivalence in terms of semantic meanings and modal values are of critical importance in legislative translation.
New Contexts for the Seuthopolis Inscription (IGBulg 3.2 1731)
Authors: Graninger Charles Denver
Published: July 2018

The Seuthopolis Inscription (IGBulg 3.2 1731), traditionally regarded in scholarship as an index of the progress of Hellenization in Thrace in the early Hellenistic period or used to establish a historical narrative for the region during that period, is here set against a broader background of late Classical and early Hellenistic political practice in Thrace, in which a developing culture of public inscription played a central role. Two aspects of the Seuthopolis Inscription are treated in detail: first, its oath content; and, second, the relationship of the monument to a broader documentary background.
Notas en torno a la posible identidad de M. Iun[ius] pro[cos.] (AE, 1984, 615) y el nacimiento de la ciudad romana de Emporiae
Authors: Fernández Alejandro Díaz
Published: July 2018

Nuestro trabajo presenta una nueva propuesta de lectura de una inscripción hallada en Emporiae (Ampurias, Gerona) en honor de un M. Iuṇ[ius] cuya identidad tratamos de determinar, planteando la posibilidad de que se trate del pretor M. Iunius citado por Cicerón en su discurso Pro Cluentio y de que, por lo tanto, la inscripción corresponda a su posible proconsulado en Hispania Citerior hacia el año 68 a. C. Dicho supuesto nos permite al mismo tiempo poner al personaje en relación con las circunstancias fundacionales de la ciudad romana de Emporiae, cuyo nacimiento sitúan hoy ciertos arqueólogos en las primeras décadas del siglo I a. C.
Hippocampal synaptic plasticity in neurodegenerative diseases: Aß, tau and beyond
Authors: Balschun Detlef , Rowan Michael J.
Published: July 2018

The study of long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) in disease models provides essential mechanistic insight into synaptic dysfunction and remodelling in many neuropsychiatric and neurological illnesses. The ability of misfolded forms of the two key proteins of Alzheimer’s disease, amyloid ß (Aß) and the microtubule binding tau to disrupt hippocampal synaptic plasticity, engender highly sensitive litmus tests of impending synaptic failure and subsequent structural pathology. Many transgenic and injection-induced rodent models show rapid and persistent inhibition of LTP, and sometimes opposing effects of Aß and tau on LTD. Intriguingly, both intracellular and extracellular actions of these proteins are implicated. Both directly targeting these proteins and abrogating their synaptotoxic actions are being explored to redress the insidious shift from physiological to pathological plasticity in early Alzheimer’s disease.
Mothering at a distance and disclosure of maternal HIV to children in Kingston, Jamaica
Authors: Clifford Gayle , Craig Gill , McCourt Christine
Published: July 2018

Existing guidelines (WHO, 2011) advise caretakers and professionals to disclose children’s and their caretakers’ HIV status to children, despite a lack of evidence concerning the potential implications in resource-constrained settings. Our research uses feminist Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) to explore the experiences of HIV positive mothers in Kingston, Jamaica, focusing on their lived experiences of talking to their children about maternal HIV. This paper will focus on the concept of mothering at a distance and how this presents additional challenges for HIV positive mothers who are trying to establish emotional closeness in relation to talking to their children about their HIV. Using Hochschild’s concept of emotion work and examples from the interviews, we highlight the difficult contexts informing women’s decisions when negotiating discussions about their HIV. Women may choose full, partial or differential disclosure or children may be told their mother’s HIV status by others. Disclosure policy, we argue, reflects Anglo-Northern constructions of the family and parenting which may not adequately reflect the experiences of poor urban mothers in low and middle income countries. We argue that policy needs to recognise culturally-specific family formations, which, in Jamaica includes absent fathers, mothering at a distance and mothering non-biological children. This article reflects on the experiences of an under-researched group, poor urban Jamaican women practising mothering at a distance, using a novel methodological approach (IPA) to bring into relief unique insights into their lived experiences and will contribute to the global policy and research literature on HIV disclosure.
Biochemical and Muscle Mechanical Postmarathon Changes in Hot and Humid Conditions
Authors: Gutiérrez-Vargas Randall , Martín-Rodríguez Saúl , Sánchez-Ureña Braulio , Rodríguez-Montero Alejandro , Salas-Cabrera Jorge , Gutiérrez-Vargas Juan C. , Simunic Bostjan , Rojas-Valverde Daniel
Published: July 2018

Gutiérrez-Vargas, R, Martín-Rodríguez, S, Sánchez-Ureña, B, Rodríguez-Montero, A, Salas-Cabrera, J, Gutiérrez-Vargas, JC, Simunic, B, and Rojas-Valverde, D. Biochemical and muscle mechanical postmarathon changes in hot and humid conditions. J Strength Cond Res 34(3): 847–856, 2020—The aim of this study was to compare biochemical changes and mechanical changes in the lower-limb muscles before and after a marathon race in hot and humid conditions. Eighteen healthy runners participated in a marathon at between 28 and 34° C and 81% humidity in Costa Rica. Serum magnesium (Mg2+), creatine phosphokinase (CPK), lactate dehydrogenase, and hematocrit (HCT) were measured before and after the marathon. Tensiomyography measurements from the rectus femoris (RF) and vastus medialis, muscle displacement (Dm), contraction time (Tc), and velocities of contraction to 10 and 90% of Dm (V10 and V90) were obtained before and after the marathon. Postrace measurements showed a 544% increase in CPK (t(17): −6.925, p < 0.01), a 16% increase in HCT (t(17): −7.466, p < 0.01), a 29% decrease in Mg2+ (t(17): 3.91, p = 0.001), a 2% decrease in body mass (t(17): 4.162, p = 0.001), a 4% increase in Tc of the RF (t(17): −2.588, p = 0.019), and a 12% increase in Dm of the RF (t(17): −2.131, p < 0.048) compared with prerace measurements. No significant biochemical or mechanical differences were found between runners in terms of their finish times. These findings showed that completing a marathon in hot and humid conditions induced a significant reduction in lower-limb muscle stiffness, body mass, and Mg2+, and increased neuromuscular fatigue, CPK, and HCT, because of muscle damage and dehydration. Knowledge of the effects of heat and humidity may be of value for coaches and sports medicine practitioners in developing effective hydration and recovery protocols for marathon runners in these special conditions.
Neformaliojo ugdymo ribos: poststruktūralizmo perspektyva
Authors: Garbauskaitė - Jakimovska Justina
Published: July 2018

[straipsnis lietuvių kalba; santrauka ir reikšminiai žodžiai anglų kalba]

Šiuo straipsniu siekiama spręsti nepakankamą teorinį neformaliojo ugdymo ir jo kaitos procesų pagrindimą ir pasiūlyti į neformaliojo ugdymo reiškinį pažvelgti iš poststruktūralizmo perspektyvos. Atliekant literatūros analizę ir pasitelkiant prancūzų poststruktūralistų Michel’io Foucault, Gilles’o Deleuze’o ir Felix’o Guattari pasiūlytus konceptus, aprašomi ir analizuojami neformaliojo ugdymo lauke vykstantys procesai, apimantys politinius sprendimus, esamas praktikas, ugdytojų veiklą, ugdytinių elgesį.
Autism, Interventions and Parent Training
Authors: Booth Nichola , Gallagher Stephen , Keenan Mickey
Published: July 2018

Worldwide, the prevalence rates of autism are increasing. This review looks at the additional stressors that parenting a child with autism can bring, including psychological distress and mental health difficulties. With the difficulties associated with the autism diagnosis and additional demands on the parents, research has shown that parent training, which helps teach parents new skills, may be advantageous. This review also looks at the most commonly used interventions that parents might avail of in order to acquire new skills, and it examines whether they are based in science, pseudoscience or anti-science. Utilizing best practice from evidence-based research, parents can be successfully trained to teach new skills across a variety of different domains. The advantages and disadvantages of one-on-one training sessions versus group training events, as well as the different components that contribute to each, are discussed. A number of training packages are discussed, including Behavioral Skills Training, video modelling and manualized training packages. We conclude that there is substantial evidence showing that packages with behavioral underpinnings are more effective for children with autism. Autism awareness and education is simply not enough – educate the parents using evidence-based practice to help effectively educate the children
Length in a Noncommutative Phase Space
Authors: Gnatenko Kh. P. , Tkachuk V. M.
Published: July 2018

We study restrictions on the length in a noncommutative phase space caused by noncommutativity. The uncertainty relations for coordinates and momenta are considered, and the lower bound of the length is found. We also consider the eigenvalue problem for the squared length operator and find the expression for the minimal length in the noncommutative phase space.
Fullerene Clustering in C70/N-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone/Toluene Liquid System
Authors: Bulavin L. A. , Nagorna T. V. , Kyzyma O. A. , Chudoba D. , Ivankov O. I. , Nagornyi A. V. , Avdeev M. V.
Published: July 2018

The structural behavior of the liquid system based on a C70 in an N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone–toluene mixture has been analyzed, by using the small-angle neutron scattering method. The experimental results testify to the selective solvation in the system. The corresponding mechanisms have been discussed.
Dependence of Soft Phonon Spectra on Flexoelectric Cou-pling in Ferroelectrics
Authors: Morozovska A. N. , Scherbakov C. M. , Glinchuk M. D.
Published: July 2018

Analytical expressions describing the frequency dispersion of the soft transverse acoustic (TA)and optic (TO) phonon modes in uniaxial ferroelectrics, as well as their dependence on theflexoelectric coupling constant f, have been analyzed in the framework of the Landau–Ginzburg–Devonshire theory. A critical behavior of the TA mode with respect to the f magnitude isrevealed.
Symmetric Laue Diffraction of Spherical Neutron Waves in Absorbing Crystals
Authors: Dzyublik A. Ya. , Slisenko V. I. , Mykhaylovskyy V. V.
Published: July 2018

Well-known Kato's theory of the Laue diffraction of spherical x-ray waves is generalized to the case of the neutron diffraction in strongly absorbing crystals, taking into consideration both the potential  and the resonant scattering of neutrons by nuclei. The saddle-point method is applied for estimation of the angular integrals, being more adequate in the case of strongly absorbing crystals than the stationary-phase approximation  used by Kato. It is found that the distribution of intensity of diffracted and refracted beams  along the basis of the Borrmann triangle strongly depends on the deviation of the neutron energy from the  nuclear resonant level.
Structural Characterization and Thickness Profile of Pulsed Laser-Deposited KY3F10: Ho3+ Thin Films
Authors: Gemechu N. , Abebe T.
Published: July 2018

Thin films of  phosphor have been successfully prepared by pulsed laser deposition using Nd-YAG laser (266 nm, pulse duration of 10 ns, repetition rate of 2Hz) on a  (100) silicon substrate in vacuum environment and for different target to substrate distances. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) results show that the films crystallized in tetragonal polycrystalline phase of  (in agreement with JCPDS card No 27-0465). Theoretical predictions of the thickness profile have been presented using some experimental parameters used during deposition. Assuming ellipsoidal expansion of the plasma plume, the thickness profile of the films has been estimated from the solution of the gas dynamical equations for adiabatic expansion of the plasma plume in to vacuum. The results show strong forward direction of the plume and are in a good agreement with experimental results. Both theoretical and experimental results show the decrease in film thickness for relatively larger values of target to substrate distance and this could be attributed to the decrease in deposition rate at such larger distances. Moreover, for a single film, the thickness also decreases for relatively larger radial angles with respect to the normal to substrate.
The emergence of blaOXA-48 and blaNDM among ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in clinical isolates of a tertiary hospital in Iran
Authors: Moghadampour Mehdi , Rezaei Aliakbar , Faghri Jamshid
Published: July 2018

The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) and the most common types of carbapenemases, metallo-beta-lactamases (MBLs), and extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) among CRKP isolates in a tertiary hospital in Isfahan, Iran. Eighty non-repetitive clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae were obtained from different clinical specimens. Antibiotic resistance pattern of isolates was determined by disk diffusion method and production of carbapenemases and MBLs was confirmed using modified Hodge test and E-test, respectively. Molecular detection of the antibiotic resistance genes was performed using PCR. Fifty-one (63.8%) isolates have decreased susceptibility to carbapenems, of which 46 (90.2%) isolates were as carbapenemase producer and four (7.8%) isolates were positive for MBLs, phenotypically. The results of PCR showed that the prevalence of blaOXA-48, blaNDM, blaSHV, blaCTX-M, and blaTEM genes among CRKP isolates were 90.2%, 15.7%, 98%, 96.1%, and 90.2%, respectively. No isolates carrying the blaKPC, blaGES, blaIMI, blaVIM, and blaIMP genes were detected. This study showed that the production of OXA-48 is one of the main mechanisms of resistance to carbapenems in CRKP isolates in Isfahan. In addition, the dissemination of NDM-producing CRKP isolates is a potential risk for the health care system of this area in the near future.
Evolución microestructural in-situ a alta temperatura de depósitos de soldadura de aceros 9Cr con diferentes contenidos de boro
Authors: Burgos Ariel , Hoyos John Jairo , Svoboda Hernán , Surian Estela
Published: July 2018

RESUMEN La industria de generación termoeléctrica busca incrementar el rendimiento de sus máquinas a través del desarrollo de nuevas aleaciones. Para aumentar la resistencia al creep de los materiales empleados en estos equipos de construcción soldada se ha modificado el contenido de algunos microaleantes, tanto en los materiales base como en el metal de soldadura. La optimización de los niveles de boro en los depósitos de soldadura de aceros 9Cr con resistencia al creep mejorada (CSE9Cr) persigue estabilizar la martensita reduciendo la velocidad de degradación de los precipitados formados. Estas microestructuras pueden ser alcanzadas luego de aplicar un tratamiento térmico de post soldadura (PWHT). En este trabajo se estudió la evolución microestructural in-situ de muestras sometidas a ensayos de tracción en caliente (HTT) con el objeto de determinar el efecto del contenido de boro en depósitos de soldadura de aceros CSE9Cr sobre las propiedades mecánicas a elevadas temperaturas. Se soldaron cupones de metal de aporte puro (MAP) con dos alambres tubulares flux-cored experimentales conteniendo diferentes niveles de boro (20 y 60 ppm). Se aplicó el mismo PWHT a cada composición. Se realizaron ensayos de HTT a diferentes velocidades de deformación inicial y temperaturas, analizando mediante difracción de rayos-X (XRD) in-situ la evolución microestructural. Se correlacionaron datos de propiedades mecánicas con parámetros microestructurales obtenidos de XRD. Se extrapolaron los resultados de HTT aplicando la teoría de correlación HTT-Creep y de parametrización Larson-Miller. Se encontró que el mayor contenido de boro disminuyó la tasa de pérdida de resistencia del metal de soldadura a elevadas temperaturas.
Influência dos parâmetros urbanísticos e da topografia na admissão da luz natural em edifícios residenciais
Authors: Guidi Cláudia Rocha , Abrahão Karla Cristina de Freitas Jorge , Veloso Ana Carolina Oliveira , Souza Roberta Vieira Gonçalves de
Published: July 2018

Resumo Em Belo Horizonte, os parâmetros urbanísticos municipais associados às características topográficas da malha urbana da cidade levaram a crer que a quantidade de luz natural admitida nos ambientes residenciais, especialmente em andares inferiores, poderia ser bastante reduzida. A proposta deste trabalho foi então analisar a admissão de luz natural em edifício residencial inserido na malha urbana da cidade sob a influência de diferentes topografias. Para isso, foram investigadas a declividade do terreno e a localização vertical da unidade residencial em quatro orientações geográficas por meio dos critérios propostos no RTQ-R e na NBR 15575-1. Para atendimento da NBR 15575-1, as iluminâncias internas foram obtidas de acordo com as partes 2 e 3 da NBR 15215 e também por simulação computacional. Verificou-se que pelo método prescritivo da NBR 15575-1 todos os ambientes atenderam aos limites para desempenho mínimo. Já por simulação, de 6% a 9% dos valores não atenderam a esses limites. A diferenciação em relação à topografia e à localização vertical da unidade foi notada mais significativamente na avaliação feita de acordo com o RTQ-R. Os resultados obtidos neste caso indicaram que apenas 19% dos ambientes situados no primeiro pavimento e 50% de todos os ambientes localizados na maior declividade atenderam aos requisitos para bonificação. Os resultados parecem indicar ainda que a legislação municipal deveria ser revisada nas situações de maiores declividades.
SMOTE for Learning from Imbalanced Data: Progress and Challenges, Marking the 15-year Anniversary
Authors: Fernandez Alberto , Garcia Salvador , Herrera Francisco , Chawla Nitesh V.
Published: July 2018

The Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) preprocessing algorithm is considered "de facto" standard in the framework of learning from imbalanced data. This is due to its simplicity in the design of the procedure, as well as its robustness when applied to different type of problems. Since its publication in 2002, SMOTE has proven successful in a variety of applications from several different domains. SMOTE has also inspired several approaches to counter the issue of class imbalance, and has also significantly contributed to new supervised learning paradigms, including multilabel classification, incremental learning, semi-supervised learning, multi-instance learning, among others. It is standard benchmark for learning from imbalanced data. It is also featured in a number of different software packages - from open source to commercial. In this paper, marking the fifteen year anniversary of SMOTE, we reflect on the SMOTE journey, discuss the current state of affairs with SMOTE, its applications, and also identify the next set of challenges to extend SMOTE for Big Data problems.
Pre-Wiring and Pre-Training: What Does a Neural Network Need to Learn Truly General Identity Rules?
Authors: Alhama Raquel G. , Zuidema Willem
Published: July 2018

In an influential paper (“Rule Learning by Seven-Month-Old Infants”), Marcus, Vijayan, Rao and Vishton claimed that connectionist models cannot account for human success at learning tasks that involved generalization of abstract knowledge such as grammatical rules. This claim triggered a heated debate, centered mostly around variants of the Simple Recurrent Network model. In our work, we revisit this unresolved debate and analyze the underlying issues from a different perspective. We argue that, in order to simulate human-like learning of grammatical rules, a neural network model should not be used as a tabula rasa, but rather, the initial wiring of the neural connections and the experience acquired prior to the actual task should be incorporated into the model. We present two methods that aim to provide such initial state: a manipulation of the initial connections of the network in a cognitively plausible manner (concretely, by implementing a “delay-line” memory), and a pre-training algorithm that incrementally challenges the network with novel stimuli. We implement such techniques in an Echo State Network (ESN), and we show that only when combining both techniques the ESN is able to learn truly general identity rules. Finally, we discuss the relation between these cognitively motivated techniques and recent advances in Deep Learning.
Nash Stable Outcomes in Fractional Hedonic Games: Existence, Efficiency and Computation
Authors: Bilò Vittorio , Fanelli Angelo , Flammini Michele , Monaco Gianpiero , Moscardelli Luca
Published: July 2018

We consider fractional hedonic games, a subclass of coalition formation games that can be succinctly modeled by means of a graph in which nodes represent agents and edge weights the degree of preference of the corresponding endpoints. The happiness or utility of an agent for being in a coalition is the average value she ascribes to its members. We adopt Nash stable outcomes as the target solution concept; that is we focus on states in which no agent can improve her utility by unilaterally changing her own group. We provide existence, efficiency and complexity results for games played on both general and specific graph topologies. As to the efficiency results, we mainly study the quality of the best Nash stable outcome and refer to the ratio between the social welfare of an optimal coalition structure and the one of such an equilibrium as to the price of stability. In this respect, we remark that a best Nash stable outcome has a natural meaning of stability, since it is the optimal solution among the ones which can be accepted by selfish agents. We provide upper and lower bounds on the price of stability for different topologies, both in case of weighted and unweighted edges. Beside the results for general graphs, we give refined bounds for various specific cases, such as triangle-free, bipartite graphs and tree graphs. For these families, we also show how to efficiently compute Nash stable outcomes with provable good social welfare.
Incentive-Compatible Mechanisms for Norm Monitoring in Open Multi-Agent Systems
Authors: Alechina Natasha , Halpern Joseph Y. , Kash Ian A. , Logan Brian
Published: July 2018

We consider the problem of detecting norm violations in open multi-agent systems (MAS). We show how, using ideas from scrip systems, we can design mechanisms where the agents comprising the MAS are incentivised to monitor the actions of other agents for norm violations. The cost of providing the incentives is not borne by the MAS and does not come from fines charged for norm violations (fines may be impossible to levy in a system where agents are free to leave and rejoin again under a different identity). Instead, monitoring incentives come from (scrip) fees for accessing the services provided by the MAS. In some cases, perfect monitoring (and hence enforcement) can be achieved: no norms will be violated in equilibrium. In other cases, we show that, while it is impossible to achieve perfect enforcement, we can get arbitrarily close; we can make the probability of a norm violation in equilibrium arbitrarily small. We show using simulations that our theoretical results, which apply to systems with a large number of agents, hold for multi-agent systems with as few as 1000 agents–the system rapidly converges to the steady-state distribution of scrip tokens necessary to ensure monitoring and then remains close to the steady state.
Sidewalls and PVDs below embankments on soft soils – three-dimensional analysis by FEM
Authors: Borges J. L. , Almeida F.
Published: July 2018

The sidewall technique (steel sheet pile or reinforced concrete walls, typically) – combined or not with prefabricated vertical drains (PVDs) – is a technique that minimizes the lateral deformation and upward displacement in the surrounding ground of embankments on soft soils, as well as increasing the overall stability of the structures. Although there is a large number of studies in the literature involving PVDs, there is a lack of studies regarding the sidewall solution, especially involving three-dimensional analysis. In order to overcome this deficiency, a computer code based on the finite element method (FEM) is used to analyse the three-dimensional behaviour of an embankment on soft soil incorporating sidewalls and PVDs. The same embankment, but without the vertical drains, is also modelled and compared with the case of PVDs. In addition, a parametric study is performed to evaluate the influence of the bending stiffness of the wall on the behaviour of the embankment. The computer code incorporates fully mechanical-hydraulic coupled analysis with the soil constitutive relations simulated by the p–q–θ critical state model.
Agent-Based Dynamically Reconfigurable Missile Modelling
Authors: Hocaoğlu Mehmet Fatih , Kandemir İlyas
Published: July 2018

In this study, an air platform dynamic model that has the ability to maneuver in all axes (displacement and rotation) and to follow another aircraft is modeled. Rigid aircraft mathematical models is adopted for the model aircraft and the calculations are done in a generic way except for aeroelasticity effects. In consideration of the geodesic structure of the earth, the gravity model is also designed accordingly and the atmospheric conditions at a given altitude are included in the calculations. The created air platforms are dynamically changed in degrees of freedom in accordance with the analysis purposes, under the defined scenario conditions. For missile models, the definition of the configuration including phase definitions, engine selections and customization of engine properties, seeker activation schedule and fuse type are user-defined supported by an interface. Phase transition controls, motor controls, sensor opening and closing decisions are rule-based and reasoning-based. To be able to enhance modeling flexibility and inject a reasoning capability, the models are designed as intelligent agents and they are modeled in Agent driven simulation framework (AdSiF).
From theory to practice: a photographic inventory of museum collections to optimize collection management
Authors: Merckx Jonas , Van Roie Martijn , Gómez-Zurita Jesús , Dekoninck Wouter
Published: July 2018

The digitization of museum specimens is a key priority in the Digital Era. Digital databases help to avoid unnecessary manipulation hazards to delicate collections, increase their accessibility to third party researchers, and contribute to the ongoing documentation of global biodiversity. Time, workforce and the need of specialized infrastructures limit the processing of the vast number of specimens in natural history collections. Cheaper, easy-to-use methods and volunteer programs are developing quickly to help bridge the gap. We present the results of combining citizen science for the digitization of an entomological collection in conjunction with the cooperation of a taxonomic expert for the remote identification of samples. In addition, we provide an assessment of the avoided monetary costs and the time needed for each step of the process. A photographic inventory of specimens belonging to the leaf beetle genus Calligrapha was compiled by volunteers using a low-cost compact camera and the species were identified using these images. Using digital photographs allowed for a rapid screening of specimens in the collection and resulted in an updated taxonomic identification of the Calligrapha collection at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences. The pictures of the specimens and their original labels, as well as the new information from this endeavor were placed in an online public catalogue. This study demonstrates a worked example of how digitization has led to a practical, useful outcome through cooperation with an end user and highlights the value of museum collection digitization projects.
Commons ve Mitchell’in “İktisat” ve “Birey” Tahayyülleri
Authors: BİLİR Hüsnü
Published: July 2018

Kökenleri
20. yüzyılın başlarına dek uzanan kurumcu iktisat, insan davranışının ve
iktisadi faaliyetin şekillenmesinde alışkanlık, içgüdü, inanç ve irade gibi
temel kavramlar üzerinde durmaktadır. Bu çerçevede kurumcu iktisat, bir yandan,
bireyin “toplumsal” bir varlık olduğu ön-kabulünden hareketle, toplumsal
yapıların –yani kurumların- birey üzerindeki şekillendirici ve bir nebze de
kısıtlayıcı işlevini ön plana çıkarmakta; diğer yandan da, bireylerin toplumsal
yapıları oluşturduğunu ve şekillendirdiğini vurgulamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın
amacı da, kurumcu iktisadın kurucuları arasında yer alan Commons ve Mitchell
aracılığıyla kurumcu iktisadın “iktisat” ve “birey” tahayyülünü gözler önüne
sermektir.
The Effects of Market Structure on Uncertainty-Investment Relationship: Evidence from Turkish Manufacturing Industry
Authors: GÜVEN Aytekin , AKKOYUNLU-WIGLEY Arzu
Published: July 2018

The broad aim of this study is to examine the impact of uncertainty on investment in Turkey. Our particular aim is to test Caballero’s (1991) theoretical claim that the negative relationship between investment and uncertainty is more pronounced in imperfectly competitive industries. With that aim in mind a panel of Turkish manufacturing industries for the years 1992-2001 is used to examine the effect of market structure on the investment-uncertainty relationship. Our estimation results show that uncertainty has a reductive effect on investment and that that effect becomes significantly stronger under imperfect competition conditions.
Do Depreciations Really Trigger an Inflow of Foreign Direct Investment? The Case of Turkey
Authors: ERÜNLÜ Zeynep
Published: July 2018

In this study, the relationship between real exchange rate and foreign direct investment is examined using the Logistic Smooth Transition - Autoregressive Distributed Lag (LST-ARDL) model. Analyzing the effect of real exchange rate changes on foreign direct investment is very crucial for a developing country like Turkey which has a relatively large foreign debt stock. The estimation results show that foreign direct investment inflows to Turkey increase when Turkish Lira appreciates against the US dollar. This effect is especially strong during periods of high investment inflows. Thus, for Turkey to attract productive capital flows rather than short-term rather unstable portfolio flows it has to maintain a strong currency against the US dollar.
Yellow fever virus real-time RT-PCR v1
Authors: A Northill Judy , Pyke Alyssa , M Mackay Ian
Published: July 2018

A real-time RT-PCR targeting the 5' untranslated region of Yellow fever virus. This protocol was designed and developed at this laboratory.
Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Saut. ex Reichenb.) Soó Románia flórájában
Authors: Bartók Attila , Brădeanu Alin , Dulugeac Remus , Bobocea Mihai-Mircea , Şesan Tatiana Eugenia
Published: July 2018

A Dactylorhiza Necker ex Nevski bonyolult taxonómiájú génusz, fajaik formagazdagsága, a különböző alakok közötti átmenetek sokasága, valamint a fajok között fellépő gyakori hibridizáció miatt rendszerezésük problematikus. A Valea Morii (Malom-völgy) Természetvédelmi Terület (Kolozs megye, ÉNy Románia) florisztikai kutatása során, 2017 júniusában a Románia flórájára tekintve eddig bizonytalan előfordulású ujjaskosbor, a Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Saut. ex. Rchb.) Soó populációja került elő. A vizsgált helyen a D. traunsteineri üde láprétfoltokban, az Orchido-Schoenetum nigricantis Oberd. 1957 társulásban fordul elő. A terület igen hűvös és nedves mikroklimájának köszönhetően jégkori reliktumfajok és egyéb növényritkaságok (például: Tofieldia calyculata (L.) Wahlenb., Swertia perennis L., Liparis loeselii (L.) Rich., Ophioglossum vulgatum L., Schoenus nigricans L.) voltak képesek fennmaradni a láprétfoltok gyengén bázikus kémhatású, tápanyagban és mészben gazdag talajain. A dolgozat bizonyítja a Traunsteiner ujjaskosbor jelenlétét Románia flórájában, ami a korábbi, ehhez a témához kötődő tudományos viták sorozatát zárja le, továbbá bemutatja a faj morfológiai jellemzőit, határozóbélyegeit, élőhelyét és veszélyeztetettségi státuszát.
Végveszélyben: a fejfás temetők botanikai és kultúrtörténeti értékei Magyarországon és Erdélyben
Authors: Molnár V. Attila , Löki Viktor
Published: July 2018

Napjainkban világszerte tapasztalható a természetes élőhelyek pusztulása és eltűnése. Emiatt a kisebb kiterjedésű, de természetközeli állapotban lévő másodlagos élőhe­lyek, például a temetők szerepe egyre nagyobb természeti értékeink megőrzésében. Munkánk során Románia és Magyarország három különböző régiójában (Északi-középhegység, Alföld, Erdély) mértük fel 51 temető növénytani ér­tékeit, és temetkezési szokásait. A vizsgált temetőkben összesen 25, a magyar jogszabályok szerint vé­dett növényfaj előfordulását regisztráltuk, egy temető­ben átlagosan 1,5 védett fajt találtunk. Megfigyelé­seink alapján a hagyományos fejfás temetkezés helyét gyorsuló ütemben veszik át a modern temetkezési szokások. Nem reprezentatív közvéleménykutatá­sunk (n=102) szerint az átlagpolgárok 90%-a elégedett vagy nagyon elégedett a temetők jelenlegi álla­potával. A fűnyírás gyakoriságát a válaszadók  mintegy harmada megfelelőnek ítéli, kétharmada gyakoribbá tenné, 75%-uknak pedig a modern síremlékek job­ban tetszenek, mint a hagyományos sír­hantok. A fejfás temetkezés eltűnése (és ezzel összefüggésben a temetők hagyományos, „természetkí­mélő” használatának megváltozása) nem csak kultúrtörténeti szem­pontból jelent veszteséget, hanem a temetőkben fennmaradt természeti értékeket is veszélyezteti.