bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Psychological assistance to patients with thyroid cancer
Authors: Tkachenko G. A. , Grushina T. I. , Alymov Yu. V. , Podvyaznikov S. O.
Published: June 2023

Introduction. Thyroid cancer has a favorable prognosis but in long term patients are observed to be in psychological distress manifesting through elevated anxiety and depression which disrupt social adaptation. Studies have shown that 2–4 years after diagnosis and treatment of this malignant tumor, the majority of patients report dissatisfaction with family relationships and difficulties in performing everyday activities. These data demonstrate the necessity of rehabilitation aimed at patient adaptation to everyday life after therapy completion. Psychological help is an important aspect of rehabilitation.

Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of psychological help in patients with thyroid cancer.

Materials and methods. The study included 42 women with thyroid cancer, stages I–III, Т1–3N0–1М0. Mean patient age was 44.5 ± 1.1 years. The patients were randomly divided into 2 groups matched by age, disease stage and type of surgical intervention: treatment and control groups. The treatment group (n = 24) included patients who underwent psychological training in the postoperative period, the control group (n = 18) included patients who did not receive psychological help. Mental state was evaluated using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). The patients’ mental state was evaluated dynamically: 1st testing was performed after surgery, 2nd testing 12 months after surgery. Psychological training was performed in the postoperative period and included 5 individual classes teaching self-regulation skills.

Results. After the surgery, HADS scale showed insignificant increase in anxiety in both groups. Analysis of repeat testing showed decreased anxiety levels in patients in the treatment group from 7.7 ± 0.2 to 6.3 ± 0.2, i. e. to normal level. In the control group, anxiety significantly increased from 7.8 ± 0.2 to 9.2 ± 0.2 (Student’s t-test = 5.17; p = 0.000168). Additionally, 12 months after surgical treatment statistically significant differences in anxiety levels between groups were observed: 6.3 ± 0.2 and 9.0 ± 0.2, respectively (Student’s t-test = 9.55; р <0.05). Primary examination showed subthreshold depression in patients of both groups: 7.9 ± 0.1 and 8.1 ± 0.2, respectively. No statistically significant differences between the groups were observed (Student’s t-test = 0.89; р >0.05). Repeat examination showed decreased depression level (in treatment group from 7.9 ± 0.1 to 7.4 ± 0.2, in the control group from 8.1 ± 0.2 to 7.7 ± 0.1), however it remained in the range of mean values. No statistically significant differences between the groups were observed (Student’s t-test = 1.34; р >0.05).

Conclusion. Psychological training using self-regulation techniques performed in the early postoperative period normalizes anxiety level and prevents its elevation in long term in patients with thyroid cancer.
Morphological and immunohistochemical analysis of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, M2 macrophages, BCL 6 and SOX10 in the tumor microenvironment of nodular cutaneous melanoma
Authors: Titov K. S. , Markin A. A. , Schurygina E. I. , Karnaukhov N. S. , Zaryanov D. A. , Bubenko D. N.
Published: June 2023

Introduction. Cutaneous melanoma is one of the most aggressive malignant tumors, and its nodular form with vertical growth is characterized by unfavorable prognosis. However, in the recent years due to advances in basic oncology, a breakthrough in drug therapy of this pathology was made. To a great extent, it is linked to implementation of new therapy with checkpoint inhibitors. The best and longest response rates of cutaneous melanoma to this treatment were achieved compared to other oncological diseases. This fact can be explained by immunogenicity of cutaneous melanoma, high mutational load, as well as features of its tumor microenvironment, where in most cases high infiltration by immunocompetent cell is observed. However, immune cells vary by their composition and functions. Some of them can even promote tumor growth. Therefore, study of cell composition, degree and distribution of immune infiltration in the tumor can help identify potential factors of favorable and unfavorable prognosis for cutaneous melanoma which is important in clinical practice.

Aim. To determine the frequency of CD3+-, CD4+-, CD8+-T-lymphocytes, CD163, BCL6 and SOX10 expression in patients with primary nodular cutaneous melanoma, as well as correlation of these markers with each other and standard morphological parameters for this non-epithelial malignant tumor.

Materials and methods. In the study, the expression frequency of CD3+-, CD4+-, CD8+-T-lymphocytes, CD163, BCL6 and SOX10 in the postoperative material of 20 patients with true primary nodular cutaneous melanoma was measured using immunohistological analysis. The correlation of these markers with each other and standard morphological parameters was determined.

Results. In most cases of nodular cutaneous melanoma, moderate and marked lymphocytic (immune) infiltration (grade II–III) was observed with no correlation with Breslow tumor thickness. Study of the ratio between CD4-positive T helpers and CD8-positive cytotoxic T lymphocytes in the tumor microenvironment showed that the number of the latter increased the higher was the degree of immune infiltrate. Markedness of macrophage infiltration directly correlated with markedness of lymphocytic infiltration. BCL6 expression in lymphocytes was observed in all cases of infiltration.

Conclusion. Immune infiltrate in nodular cutaneous melanoma is a multicomponent, dynamic microenvironment containing both antitumor and tumor-promoting components with balance shifting to one or other side. Their qualitative, quantitative and, possibly, topographic ratios in the primary lesion of cutaneous melanoma affect the effectiveness of drugs and disease prognosis. Knowledge on the predominance of components negatively affecting tumor growth in the primary lesion can help an oncologist in selection of correct treatment tactics and disease observation.
Problems in preparation of legally binding documents for oncological and palliative patients and their solutions
Authors: Gabay P. G. , Kamolov B. Sh.
Published: June 2023

Introduction. Oncological and palliative patients undergo treatment causing adverse events including mental and cognitive disorders leading to their inability to express their wishes in the legal sense. This affects the possibility of preparation of documents on disposal of property: wills, donation or sale and purchase agreements, letters of authorization.

Aim. To consider problems arising when an oncological or palliative patient decides to dispose of their property and to suggest solutions to these problems.

Materials and methods. An analysis of the current normative legal acts and legal precedents in the Russian Federation in the context of property disposal by severely ill patients was performed. Clinical guidelines on treatment of chronic pain in oncological and palliative patients, as well as Russian and international approaches to this therapy were considered.

Results. Legal solutions for the considered problem appear to lack effectiveness. Use of tafalgin in treatment of severely ill patients can decrease risks and ease the process of preparation of documents on property disposal. This medication is indicated for chronic pain syndrome and unlike other pharmaceuticals is not an opioid analgesic and does not have severe side effects. Administration of tafalgin allows patients to retain mental clarity and avoid the risk of physical and psychological addiction.

Conclusion. It is necessary to continue the search for new therapeutic approaches to chronic pain treatment taking into account needs and special aspects of oncological and palliative patients which would allow them to preserve full legal competency and dispose of their property without legal risks.
The possibilities of ultrasound imaging in the diagnosis of follicular neoplasia of the thyroid gland
Authors: Dolidze D. D. , Bagatelia Z. A. , Lukin A. Yu. , Сovantsev S. D. , Shevyakova T. V. , Pichugina N. V. , Skripnichenko D. M. , Mulaeva K. A.
Published: June 2023

Thyroid cancer is the most common cancer of the endocrine system. The diagnosis of thyroid cancer has taken a step forward due to the introduction of fine-needle biopsy of the thyroid gland with subsequent evaluation of cytological material using the Bethesda system. One category of this classification traditionally remains a gray area of diagnosis. The detection of a follicular tumor in the cytological material (category IV according to Bethesda) does not allow one to reliably classify the neoplasia as benign or malignant and requires surgical intervention. The traditional informative and widely used method for diagnosing thyroid tumors is ultrasound. However, the sensitivity and specificity of the method varies over a wide range. This review analyzes the literature on the possibilities of ultrasound diagnostics in assessing the malignant potential of follicular tumors of the thyroid gland.
Follow-up after radioiodine remnant ablation in differentiated thyroid cancer: the view of nuclear medicine physician
Authors: Shurinov A. Yu. , Borodavina E. V.
Published: June 2023

Timeliness of accurate dynamic observation and a clear understanding of the treatment response guarantees health of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. Multidimensional approach to evaluation of thyroid-stimulating hormone, tumor markers, ultrasound picture, as well as results of molecular imaging with radioactive iodine is clearly defined in international clinical guidelines. At the A.F. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center – branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center for more than 15 years tactics of control exam 6 months after radioactive iodine ablation has been implemented. The aim of the current article is to consider the sequence of diagnostic search for different responses to treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer.
A Complex clinical case of severe traumatic limb injury in a young patient with positive dynamics
Authors: Emelyanova Albina M.
Published: June 2023

A retrospective analysis of a clinical case of the patient receiving treatment at the First Republican Clinical Hospital (Izhevsk) was carried out. In Udmurt Republic, there is an acute problem of traumatization of the population caused by road accidents. In the article, there is presented the case of treatment of the concomitant automobile injury. As a result of complex therapy (disintoxication, antibacterial, symptomatic, cytokine therapy) of this traumatic disease, a local preparation of wounds and autodermoplasty, we managed to reach a positive outcome of hospitalization discharge from the hospital with the preserved low extremity.
The analyzed clinical case showed that a timely applied complex therapy had a favourable effect on the patients health status and treatment. Already on the day 23 from the moment of being injured, the patient was prepared to plastic closing of skin defects, and epithelization of wounds occurred on the day 7 after the autodermoplasty made. The period of wound healing was reduced when including cytokine in the systemic therapy.
Experience of personalized management of patients with breast cancer associated with pregnancy
Authors: Oboskalova Tatyna A. , Koval Marina V. , Sevostyanova Olga Yu. , Magdalynova Margarita I. , Fazylova Anastasia V.
Published: June 2023

The clinical case of a patient with pregnancy-associated breast cancer observed in Sverdlovsk Regional Oncological Dispensary was analyzed. The information obtained from the electronic map of obstetric database and the medical history of oncological dispensary regarding the results of clinical examination as well as the data of instrumental and laboratory research were used. The tactics of managing this patient was discussed at the Regional Obstetric and Interdisciplinary Consultation with the participation of oncologists; a compromise concept was chosen, which implies surgical treatment of malignant neoplasms followed by chemotherapy during pregnancy and early delivery at the term when a child is viable 34 weeks of pregnancy. At present, preference is given to personalized tactics of pregnancy management and treatment of pregnancy-associated breast cancer using an interdisciplinary approach with the participation of medical specialists: obstetrician-gynecologist, oncologist-surgeon, oncologist-chemotherapist, radiotherapist, anesthesiologist-resuscitator, neonatologist, pathologist. The described clinical case demonstrates successful implementation of this approach, as evidenced by the favourable outcome of childbirth as well as the absence of recurrence and progression of the tumor process in dynamics.
Surgical treatment of gastric antral vascular ectasia. Clinical case
Authors: Repin M. V. , Trushnikov D. V. , Lobanov D.  A. , Davydova E. V.
Published: June 2023

A clinical case of a 67-year-old patient suffering from severe iron deficiency anemia, caused by gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE), is described. This type of gastric angiodysplasia is characterized by a distinct endoscopic picture and is a rare cause of gastric bleeding. Endoscopic hemostasis is considered the main method of treatment, however, after argon plasma coagulation (APC), in our case, anemia recurred, and required repeated hospitalization and blood transfusion. Indications for surgical treatment were established, and Billroth I antrumectomy proved to be effective in refractory GAVE.
Irina Petrovna Koryukina – a physician, teacher, scientist, talented organizer: to the 70-th anniversary of her birth (1953–2020)
Authors: Telegina Kristina I. , Utochkin Yuriy A. , Milutina Tatiana Yu. , Chukhlantseva Kristina A.
Published: June 2023

Koryukina Irina Petrovna was a doctor, teacher, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation and a talented leader. She was born in the family of a doctor. Her childhood, youth and professional activity are connected with our city Perm. Having graduated from the Medical Faculty of Perm State Medical Institute (now Perm State Medical University) with honors degree in 1976, she continued her training in the residency (19761978), and then in the postgraduate courses (19781981) at the Department of the Faculty of Pediatrics. Afterwards, she became the assistant of the department (1981), defended her Candidate's thesis (1982). During the period of 1985-1992, she was an Associate Professor, and since 1992 the Head of the Department of Pediatrics of the Physicians Advanced Training Faculty. In 1993, Irina Petrovna received the title of professor. From 2002 to 2005, she was Deputy Rector for Academic Activity. From 2005 to 2020, she was the Rector of Perm State Medical University. Irina Petrovna started her scientific work studying the problem of treatment and prevention of acute stenotic laryngotracheites in children, then she was engaged in the problem of diagnostics and prevention of iodine deficiency in Perm Region. Later, she conducted research on the prevention of allergic diseases, minimally invasive methods of bronchial asthma diagnostics, and improvement of regional outpatient care. Irina Petrovna loved her work and was ready to devote all her free time to it. Her professional activity resulted in more than 900 scientific papers published; she prepared 59 Candidates of Medical Sciences and 19 Doctors of Medical Sciences. Under a wise leadership of Irina Petrovna, the collective of Perm State Medical University was twice acknowledged by the President of the Russian Federation (2007, 2017).
The complement system and endometriosis: what's new?
Authors: Chizhova Anna V. , Mangileva Yana A. , Kudryavtseva Elena V.
Published: June 2023

The objective of this literature review was to reveal new noninvasive markers of the complement system for improvement of endometriosis (EM) diagnostics. To analyze scientific literature, the international database was used.
Among women with EM, a significant increase in the blood serum С1, С1-INH, C3c and С4 levels and elevated concentrations in the peritoneal fluid was observed. However, iC3b level in EM women was significantly lower in the peritoneal fluid and blood serum compared with healthy women. The levels of C4A/B gene expression were higher in the ectopic tissues than in the eutopic endometrium. The membrane attack complex (MAC) concentration was higher in the peritoneal fluid and blood serum among women with disseminated stage of EM compared to the control group. In women with EM, an increased level of mannose-binding lectin (MBL) in the peritoneal fluid was noted; a higher concentration was observed at the early stage of EM (stages I and II AFS) in comparison with the disseminated one (stages III and IV AFS). The development of new and improvement of the existing noninvasive markers of the complement system can be perspective for noninvasive diagnostics of EM and determination of the degree of its severity.
The importance of the regularity of preventive examinations in the early diagnosis of ovarian cancer
Authors: Statnykh Natalya V. , Padrul Mikhail M. , Kobaidze E. G. , Galanova Vlada Y.
Published: June 2023

Objective. To show the importance of regularity of preventive examinations in early diagnostics of ovarian cancer. Malignant ovarian tumors occupy the third place in the frequency of occurrence among the gynecological tumors after cancer of the uterine body and cervix but they leave them behind with regard to the mortality rate. Detection of the disease at late stages leads to only 17 % five-year survival rate in Europe and Russia.
Materials and methods. A prospective study was conducted on the basis of the Gynecological Unit of Perm Regional Oncological Dispensary. It enclosed 50 patients aged 45 to 77 years, operated for ovarian cancer with various stages of the disease. The following methods were used: collection of complaints and anamnesis, study of outpatient cards and medical histories, assessment of morphological conclusions.
Results. According to the anamnesis, all patients represented a risk group for ovarian cancer. The annual gynecological preventive examination was carried out in 40 % of patients, ultrasound examination of the pelvic organs was performed in 28 % of cases. The smallest group,10 % of patients, was a group of patients with stage I of the disease and asymptomatic course of pathology, who underwent preventive examinations and ultrasound in 100 % of cases. The largest number of patients had stage III 40 %, annual preventive examinations were carried out in 20 % of women of this group without ultrasound examination of the pelvic organs. In 64 % of cases, a late examination by a doctor was detected a year or more after the symptoms of the disease occurred. Patients with stages III and IV of the disease were postmenopausal, were unemployed and lived in rural areas.
Conclusions. The absence of symptoms at an early stage of ovarian cancer and late onset of treatment with the complaints available actualizes the need for annual preventive gynecological examinations with mandatory ultrasound verification of the diagnosis to identify the disease in time.
Assessment of risk factors for COVID-19 spread by staff in intensive care units of a multidisciplinary hospital
Authors: Russkih Artjom A. , Luk'janenko Natal'ja V. , Luk'janenko Nikolaj Ja. , Petrova Aleksandra Anatol'evna
Published: June 2023

Objective. To evaluate the risk factors for COVID-19 spreading by personnel of resuscitation units of a multifield hospital.
Materials and Methods. The study included epidemiological, statistical, and mathematical research methods with retrospective analysis of COVID-19 morbidity and COVID-19 preventive measures in resuscitation units of a multifield hospital.
Results. The results of the study indicated the highest incidence of COVID-19 among medical personnel in the cardiac surgery and neuroresuscitation units with the highest rates among physicians (66.6 and 45.5 %). The determining risk factors for infection with COVID-19 and other pathogens of acute respiratory diseases among medical personnel were the following: admission of patients in urgent condition to the department without examination results; high load for doctors working with patients, determining the excessive use of personal protective equipment (PPE) by two, four times; violation of rules for PPE removal and utilization conditions, improper storage and contamination of clean PPE, low proportion of PPE use in the interepidemic period; procedures associated with formation of aerosol, airtightness failure during mask ventilation in 24 % of patients that led to leakage of aerosol into the environment, insufficient coverage of medical personnel with preventive vaccination against COVID-19 in some units.
Conclusions. The high incidence of COVID-19 among medical personnel and workload, violations of PPE usage, and procedures with aerosol formation specific for resuscitation units all these things determine the increased risk of COVID-19 spread by medical staff in resuscitation units.
Thyrotoxic Cardiomyopathy: State of the Art
Authors: Quiroz-Aldave Juan Eduardo ,   Division of Medicine, Hospital de Apoyo Chepén, Chepén, Perú, Durand-Vásquez María del Carmen ,   Division of Family Medicine, Hospital de Apoyo Chepén, Chepén, Perú, Lobato-Jeri Carlos Jhonatan ,   Division of Cardiology, Clínica La Luz, Lima, Perú, Muñoz-Moreno Juan-Manuel ,   Division of Cardiology, Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins, Lima, Perú, Gómez Condori Diana Carolina Deutz ,   Division of Endocrinology, Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, Lima, Perú, Ildefonso-Najarro Sofía Pilar ,   Division of Endocrinology, Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, Lima, Perú, Contreras-Yametti Felipe ,   Division of Internal Medicine, WellStar Health System Cobb Hospital, Austell, GA, USA, Zavaleta-Gutiérrez Francisca ,   Division of Neonatology, Hospital Belén de Trujillo, Trujillo, Perú, Concepción-Urteaga Luis ,   School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Trujillo, Perú, Concepción-Zavaleta Marcio José ,   Division of Endocrinology, Clínica Javier Prado, Lima, Perú
Published: June 2023

Thyroid hormones, mainly triiodothyronine, have genomic and non-genomic effects on cardiomyocytes related to the contractile function of the heart. Thyrotoxicosis, which is the set of signs and symptoms derived from the excess of circulating thyroid hormones, leads to increased cardiac output and decreased systemic vascular resistance, increasing the volume of circulating blood and causing systolic hypertension. In addition, the shortening of the refractory period of cardiomyocytes produces sinus tachycardia and atrial fibrillation. This leads to heart failure. Approximately 1% of patients with thyrotoxicosis develop thyrotoxic cardiomyopathy, a rare but potentially fatal form of dilated cardiomyopathy. Thyrotoxic cardiomyopathy represents a diagnosis of exclusion, and prompt identification is crucial as it is a reversible cause of heart failure, and heart function can be recovered after achieving a euthyroid state using antithyroid drugs. Radioactive iodine therapy and surgery are not the best initial therapeutic approach. Moreover, it is important to manage cardiovascular symptoms, for which beta blockers are the first-line therapeutic option.
History of Frameless Radiosurgery
Authors: Hintz Eric ,   Neurosurgery, Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA, Goenka Anuj ,   Neurosurgery, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Lake Success, NY, USA, Schulder Michael ,   Neurosurgery, Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
Published: June 2023

Radiosurgical methods have made significant advancements in the past 50 years. From the patient’s perspective, the transition from invasive to non-invasive frames has been the most meaningful change. In this review article, we provide an overview of the stepwise evolution of frame technology and discuss the external pressures that prompted modifications.
Insulin Resistance in Children and the role of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals: Taking Stock of the Situation
Authors: Forcucci Francesca , Chiarelli Francesco
Published: June 2023

The prevalence of non-communicable diseases, of which insulin resistance is a major constituent, among the pediatric population is exponentially increasing worldwide; this is causing a significant health burden, making understanding the basis of this phenomenon an issue of primary importance. During the last decades, we also observed that exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals is becoming more and more common; this has led researchers to investigate the mechanism of action and define the role of those substances in interfering with human metabolism and hormonal balance, especially at a young age. We reviewed the literature on prospective, epidemiological, and cross-sectional studies that have shown a link between exposure to pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls, bisphenol A, phthalates, aromatic polycyclic hydrocarbons, or dioxins and insulin resistance; the strength of the associations varies between the substances and human biomonitoring studies have helped in defining the role of these chemicals. The number of prospective studies in children and even in adults is still low and heterogenous, still, evidence that Endocrine disruptors might be involved in the development of insulin resistance and related diseases is accumulating. This review aims to analyze the latest findings linking exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals with insulin resistance in children with the perspective of taking a cue for conducting new studies and identifying the most concerning Endocrine disruptors exposures, in order to guide future risk assessment and policy action aimed to limit the negative consequences of endocrine disrupting chemical exposure.
The Post Coronavirus Disease-19 Pandora-Box: Future Directions for Critical Care in Low and Medium-Income Countries
Authors: Ogunbiyi Obashina , Akhideno Irene , Fagbohun Omolola , Ogunjuboun Akintayo
Published: June 2023

The novel Coronavirus disease-19, caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 virus posed a worldwide public health emergency and remains a large health burden till date in some continents, causing a significant morbidity and mortality among the critically-ill, not sparing the low and medium-income countries. The critical care surge in most countries exposed the unpreparedness and “struggling” health systems of these countries, including Low and medium-income countries in containing the epidemic. The suddenness of Coronavirus disease in China is suggestive that another “Pathogen X” epidemic may occur. In addition, the increasing global terrorism index may precipitate another epidemic secondary to a bioterrorism contagion. In mitigating this, however, lessons learnt from the management of the critically-ill patients with the Coronavirus disease may assist the low and medium-income countries in charting the future directions of critical care in the event of any Post Coronavirus disease public health challenge. The import of systems approach and collaboration with development partners cannot be over-emphasized, alongside increasing critical care beds and improving oxygen availability and accessibility. Finally, changing the narrative of “struggling” health systems of developing countries by addressing the major debilitating factors, including the issue of critical care workforce and training is needed. The new Essential and Emergency Critical Care training program is proffered. Furthermore, offering skilled healthcare workers adequate remuneration and other incentives to guard against their migration to “greener pastures” may help the low and middle-income countries retain critical care specialists in preparing for any sudden Post-Coronavirus disease public health emergency.
Very Late Onset Lupus Nephritis: Single-Centre Experience and A Review of the Literature
Authors: Rind Anastasiia , Isenberg David
Published: June 2023

Background: In the majority of lupus patients, lupus nephritis (LN) develops within the first five years of diagnosis. Here we evaluated patients treated in our department during the past 40 years distinguishing those with very early onset [within one year of diagnosis]; early onset [ two to five years post diagnosis]; medium-term onset [between six to ten years after diagnosis]; late onset [presenting six to 15 years after diagnosis] and very late onset LN [presenting 16 years or later after diagnosis]. Early onset [ two to five years post diagnosis]; medium-term onset [between six to ten years after diagnosis]; late onset [presenting six to 15 years after diagnosis] and very late onset LN [presenting 16 years or later after diagnosis].early onset [within two years of diagnosis]; medium-term onset [between two and five years after diagnosis]; late onset [presenting five to ten years after diagnosis] and very late onset LN [presenting ten years after diagnosis]. Aim: To compare the differences in demography, clinical data, serological profile and follow up of patients with LN of early, medium, late and very late onset. Methods: This was a retrospective study of 226 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients with biopsy proven nephritis. We focused on a comparison of their epidemiology, serology, clinical and follow-up data. Results: We identified 97 (43%) very early-onset patients; 69 (31%) early-onset; 28 (12%) medium onset; 22 (10%) late-onset and 10 (4%) very late-onset LN patients. Comparing those patients whose LN was delayed by> 10 years post their lupus diagnosis compared to those with LN onset <10 years we found that these patients were statistically significantly more likely to be Caucasian [p=0.04]; to have arthritis [p=0.001] and to be leucopaenic [p=0.004]. There were no other difference between the groups. Among the 10 patients with very late onset LN there was an increase trend towards them having higher ANA titer (>1:640) [p=0,044] and having biopsy-proven combined type of LN (III+V, IV+V) [p=0.034]. Conclusion: Although the majority of SLE patients who get LN do so within 10 years of diagnosis in our experience 14% [approximately 1:7] developed renal involvement 10 years or more after SLE diagnosis. The observation emphasis the need to be vigilant when caring for SLE patients long term.
Same but Different: The Perceptions of Faith-Based Funeral Providers in a Pandemic
Authors: Flynn Eleanor
Published: June 2023

Background: Media reports, academic research and anecdotal evidence detail the changes in dying, death and funerals since the COVID-19 pandemic commenced in late 2019. We could find no evidence of the experiences of faith-based celebrants in regard to funerals they had conducted. Method: Forty-eight funeral celebrants from six Christian denominations plus members of Buddhist, Hindu and Jewish faiths, predominantly based in Victoria Australia were interviewed individually by video conference or phone. The researchers separately analysed all transcripts before reviewing the themes together. The results are informed by a discussion of the anthropology of religious rituals and the term ‘pararitual’ is introduced for those performative aspects which “complement the formal liturgy”. Results: The participants reported that formal faith-based rituals had only changed subtly, though the almost universal use of live-streaming meant that respondents had to interact with those on-line plus the congregation. They reported much greater changes in the pararituals, especially in the absence of a post funeral gathering and were concerned that these absences might impact the grieving processes of the bereaved. Conclusion: Although the rituals of faith-based funerals were not found to have changed significantly the participants considered that there would be ongoing changes in funerals after the pandemic including live-streaming, minimal rituals or even none. The impact of such changes remains to be seen in both personal and community expressions of grief.
Leveraging Human Oral-Derived Neural Crest-Derived Stem Cell Homing (HoNCSCs-Homing) for Therapeutic Procedures in Regenerative Implant Dentistry-A Critical Analysis
Authors: Fritsch T. , Vukovic M. A. , Grimm Wolf-D
Published: June 2023

Resident stem cell pools in many tissues/organs are responsible not only for tissue maintenance during physiologic turnover but also for the process of bone healing following dental implant insertion. Recent advances have been made toward inducing stem cell mobilization and directing patients' own cells to sites of interest for treating a broad spectrum of diseases in regenerative dentistry. An evolving body of work corroborates that delivering guidance cues can mobilize stem cells from the palate and drive these cells toward a specific region. In addition, the transplantation of cell-friendly biomaterials incorporating certain biomolecules has led to the regeneration of lost/damaged tissue without the need for delivering cellular materials manipulated ex vivo. Recently, cell homing has resulted in remarkable biological discoveries in the laboratory as well as great curative successes in preclinical scenarios. Here, we review using the results of an initial clinical- and histological-controlled study the biological evidence underlying in vivo cell mobilization and homing with the aim of leveraging endogenous reparative cells for therapeutic applications in dental regenerative implantology. Considering both the promise and the obstacles of this approach, we discuss the results how oral-derived neural crest-derived stem cells of the in vivo milieu can be modified to promote the native regenerative process and inspire future tissue-engineering design.
EVOLUTION OF EPILEPSY ASSOCIATED WITH COVID-19 IN A TERTIARY PRIVATE HOSPITAL IN NORTHERN MEXICO AFTER THREE YEARS OF THE PANDEMIC
Authors: Rivera Sofía , Cantú José , Martínez Héctor , Osorio Enrique
Published: June 2023

Background: Apart from new-onset seizures due to acute illness, the impact of COVID-19 on patients with pre-existing epilepsy has been immense. Aims: To study patients after three years of the COVID-19 pandemic in order to assess the prevalence of new-onset seizures resulting from COVID-19 infections, the prevalence of seizure exacerbations in people with epilepsy, and the evolution of epilepsy. Methods: A descriptive, prospective, observational, and longitudinal study. Inclusion criteria were patients with epilepsy as a presenting symptom of COVID-19 confirmed with Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for SARS-CoV2 by nasopharyngeal swab from March 2020-July 2021 in a tertiary private hospital. Study variables were age, gender, type, and evolution of epilepsy. It was classified into three groups: acute symptomatic seizures, the onset of epilepsy, and uncontrolled epilepsy. Information was captured in Excel and analyzed in SPSS. Results: Of 203,987 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 in Nuevo León until July 2021, 10 patients (0.004%) were included with seizures. Two patients had acute symptomatic seizures (20%), four patients had new-onset seizures (40%) and four patients (40%) had uncontrolled epilepsy with an average epilepsy evolution time of 15.75 years. Focal seizures were predominant in 63%. After three years of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2023, 75% of patients continued with uncontrolled epilepsy with the use of the antiseizure drug. Conclusion: Our study shows that there is evidence of the susceptibility of people with COVID-19 to present acute symptomatic seizures, new-onset seizures, and uncontrolled epilepsy, with an unfavorable course of epilepsy continuing with uncontrolled seizures and use of anti-seizure drugs, which agrees with what is reported in the literature.
Consequences of COVID-19 on Pediatric Obesity and Endocrinopathies: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Delgado Amanda , Collins Patrice , MacArthur Rodger
Published: June 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted children from Kindergarten through 12th grade in numerous ways. Strategies aimed at mitigating the spread of the virus early on, predominately social distancing and isolation, negatively impacted children’s physical health by limiting access to physical education and facilitating sedentary lifestyles. These negative effects have longstanding implications on the physical health of pediatric patients, and it is especially pertinent to understand these effects during an already alarming pediatric obesity epidemic. As with obesity in adults, obesity in children is associated with numerous endocrine co-morbidities. Through a literature review, this paper aims to go beyond understanding how the COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted the physical health of children and describe how the pandemic may have long-term effects on childhood obesity and endocrinopathies in pediatric patients. Additionally, it describes the direct impact COVID-19 may have on the increased incidence of endocrinopathies in pediatric patients.
Biotechnology Commitment by Pharma Industry and its evolution vs Biotech Companies in Healthcare, Drug Development, and Business, Past & Present [2001-2022]
Authors: Evens Ronald
Published: June 2023

What is the commitment of the pharma industry to biotechnology in its research, products, and business practices? Five issues demonstrate the pharma companies’ extensive engagement with and embrace of biotechnology as a primary focus in their business practices (marketing, sales, acquisitions) and research over the timeframe of 2000 through 2022. Overall trends for biotechnology [1980 to 2000 to 2022] are explored for context and display the overall extent of biotech impact on products approved (number and types), their breadth of indications, and extent of utilization/sales. Discovery of biotech molecules addresses pharma versus biotech companies’ results, significantly favoring biotech companies. The top 100 biotech products and drugs are discussed for 2001 versus 2011 versus 2021, especially changes over time, with pharma growth exceeding biotech companies. The top pharma & biotech companies are examined for marketing of biotech products, again showing dramatic expansion of pharma engagement. Mergers and acquisitions of biotech companies by pharma companies is presented, especially the extensive investments and breadth and depth of pharma companies engaged. All these parameters (products, companies, research, sales, company acquisitions) well documents the movement of pharma companies collectively to substantially incorporate biotech products into their research pipelines and product portfolios.
A Global Emergency: Identifying Priorities for Reforming International Emergency Medical Systems
Authors: Thygerson Steve , Memmott Gregory , Chaney Robbie
Published: June 2023

Emergency Medical Systems differ around the world and perform at varying levels of effectiveness. This study analyzed how well countries met the emergency response requirements for emergency medical teams set by the World Health Organization and professional literature recommendations in the three levels of country classifications set by the United Nations. This was conducted through a stratified random sample of ten countries in the categories: developed, economies in transition, and developing, for a total of thirty countries. Each country was qualitatively analyzed for emergency response times, types of public-to-provider communication, insurance/financial coverage, certification level of emergency care provider, and level of emergency hospital care. These areas were compared to the WHO recommendations and the higher standards of care recommended by the professional literature. It was found that 90% of developing countries did not meet the WHO recommendation compared to 50% of transitioning economies, and 10% of developed countries. There was a strong positive correlation between Gross Domestic Product and overall effectiveness of an EMS system. Moving forward, it is recommended that the underlying problems be identified, risk factors evaluated, possible interventions created, and implementing interventions in developing countries to improve communication from public to provider in pre-hospital care, and hospital emergency care
Study of Ki67 in odontogenic benign tumors
Authors: Diatta Mamadou , Gadji Macoura , Dieme Marie Jeo , Abdou B A  , Gassama Bintou Catherine , Kane Mouhammad , Tamba Babacar , Tine Soukeve Dia
Published: June 2023

The aim of the present study was to investigate the Ki67 expression level and to measure the cell proliferation index (Ki67) in odontogenic benign tumors.

This was an analytical cross-sectional study of odontogenic benign tumors. The sampling was non-probabilistic with an exhaustive recruitment including all biopsy or surgical excision specimen of odontogenic benign tumors. Ki67 immunohistochemistry was performed on histological sections of paraffin-fixed tissues of 3µ thickness with the Ki67 (MM1) monoclonal antibody. The studied variables were sociodemographic, clinical and histopathological. The data have been analysed with SPSS 20.0 software.

: Ameloblastoma represented 50.9% of cases and cemento-osseous dysplasia 36.4%. Among the 28 ameloblastoma cases, the 15 (53.6%) were plexiform type, the 7 (25%) follicular type and the 6 (21.4%) unicystic type. The percentage of Ki67 labelled cells was less than 1% in 74.6% (n=41) of the tumors and was equal to 5% in 12.7% (n=7) of cases. A Ki67 law labelling was found in 87.3% (n=48) of tumours and a negative labelling in 12.7% (n=7) of cases.

The odontogenic benign tumors had a weak Ki67 expression level and a low epithelial cell proliferation index. The Ki67 could not therefore be used as a predictive biomarker of tumor cell proliferation and the risk of recurrence in odontogenic benign tumors.
Dens connatalis – A rare case report of natal teeth with literature review
Authors: Rao Sowmya Gujjar Vishnu , Astekar Madhusudan , Choubey Rajkumar
Published: June 2023

It is unusual for babies to have teeth at birth or within a month of delivery. For a good differential diagnosis of whether there are extra teeth, Bhon nodules, or dental lamina cysts, a proper clinical and radiographic examination is required. The clinic branch received a rare case of natal teeth for this report's subject. An 18-day-old male new-born was checked because he had two mandibular incisor natal teeth. Because of the risk of aspiration and the patient's refusal to eat, the movable teeth had to be removed. Each patient is assessed individually to determine the best course of treatment, which may involve observation, tooth whitening, or extraction.
Economic Impacts of a Supporting Scheme on Domestic Energy Consumption in Bolivia: A Quasi-experimental Approach
Authors: Nogales Ricardo , Alcaraz Rivero Andrea , Lopez David , Ravillard Pauline , Ballón Sergio , Carvalho Metanias Hallack Michelle
Published: June 2023

The Bolivian government fostered an electricity cost supporting scheme to attenuate the effect of the nationwide full lockdown on domestic consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper evaluates its effect on the levels of energy consumption during lockdown, and the monetary savings it implied for beneficiaries. It finds that the absolute gains of the scheme are concentrated among better-off households as measured by income or years of schooling. However, the relative gains of the supporting scheme are clearly concentrated in the worse-off part of the population.
Un marco estratégico de acción para la política y gestión fiscal en América Latina y Caribe
Authors: Pineda Emilio , Rasteletti Alejandro , Muñoz Miranda Andrés , Nicaretta Romina
Published: June 2023

¿Cuáles son las herramientas fiscales que los gobiernos de América Latina y el Caribe deberían usar para responder a dos de los retos más grandes de la región? Es una de las regiones más desiguales del mundo y sus tasas de crecimiento son menores a las de otros países emergentes, y muy volátiles. Esto representa un desafío estructural que afecta el desarrollo social y económico de nuestra región. En este documento destacamos las principales oportunidades de acción en términos de política y gestión fiscal para responder a estos desafíos con el apoyo del Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo.
Educación libre de discriminación: experiencias de niños, niñas y adolescentes LGBTQ en América Latina y el Caribe
Authors: Martínez Juliana , Rojas María Juliana , Urban Anne-Marie , Ágreda María José Flor , Ardila Hidalgo Juanita
Published: June 2023

El acoso en contextos escolares o bullying es una problemática social que tiene graves efectos en la salud emocional y física de niños, niñas y adolescentes y que puede adquirir múltiples formas: comentarios malintencionados o rumores, burlas, ostracismo, agresiones verbales y físicas, o daño, escondite y robo de pertenencias, entre otras. La mayor parte de las personas que son objeto de agresiones como estas en centros educativos las han experimentado más de una vez o incluso de manera recurrente. Esta nota de política presenta un panorama sobre la discriminación y la exclusión de las personas LGBTQ en el sector educativo de América Latina y el Caribe (ALC) y señala prácticas prometedoras para prevenirlas y mitigar sus consecuencias. Busca visibilizar la situación del acoso LGBTfóbico en las escuelas de la región, explicar su contexto y sus efectos. También da a conocer modelos de intervención que pueden adoptarse para remover las barreras de acceso a la educación que afrontan los niños, niñas y adolescentes LGBTQ y presenta recomendaciones para alcanzar su inclusión plena en el sistema educativo.
Relación de la satisfacción por la vida con las habilidades socioemocionales, clima escolar y apoyos en estudiantes de Lima
Authors: Chirinos Cazorla Paula , Araujo Robles Elizabeth
Published: June 2023

El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar la relación entre la satisfacción por la vida con las habilidades socioemocionales, clima escolar, violencia escolar, apoyo de pares y apoyo de adultos en estudiantes de secundaria, en función al sexo. Con diseño no experimental, transversal de tipo correlacional y explicativo. La muestra de 3.778 estudiantes de 75 escuelas públicas de distritos de Lima con alto índice de violencia. Entre los resultados se encontró que la regresión explica el 28,63% de la varianza, siendo todas las variables significativas. Las habilidades socioemocionales, es la variable que más impacta la satisfacción por la vida, independientemente del sexo. Se concluye proponiendo la mejora y fortalecimiento de las habilidades socioemocionales, clima escolar, prevención de la violencia escolar, apoyo de pares y de adultos en los programas de promoción de las escuelas en todos los grados, debido a su alta relevancia.
Criterios socioeconómicos para la valorización monetaria de la reparación civil en el proceso penal peruano, 2022
Authors: Morales Chagua Dessire
Published: June 2023

El propósito es identificar los criterios socioeconómicos para la valorización monetaria de la reparación civil en el proceso penal peruano, 2022; a su vez se describen los criterios socioeconómicos resaltantes que nos conllevarán a realizar una valorización monetaria más objetiva, tales como los roles que se cumplen dentro del hogar, los ingresos económicos para el sustento familiar, y la carga familiar de la persona afectada. La reparación civil fue abordada desde una mirada legal de connotación social y económica, puesto que actualmente dentro de nuestra legislación penal no se cuenta con criterios socioeconómicos definidos para el proceso de valorización monetaria de la reparación civil, ya que, es determinada de forma subjetiva por el juez que lleva el caso, es decir, la suma dineraria de la reparación civil otorgada a la víctima en una sala, es muy distinta a la que se le puede otorgar en otra sala judicial.