bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
From Dentistry to Immunology: Navigating Challenges and Building a Career in Neuroimmunology
Authors: Yshii Lidia
Published: November 2023

This journey traces the transition from a brief dentistry stint to a
neuroimmunology exploration. The narrative unfolds through academic
pursuits at the University of São Paulo, Brazil, and subsequent doctoral
studies, reflecting on the initial idealism that shaped the pursuit of
academia. An unexpected postdoctoral experience at the Centre de
Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan in France introduced me to
immunology, leading to an unexpected passion. Here, I explore
uncertainties, decisions, and a pivotal move to Belgium, where
collaboration with Adrian Liston at VIB-KU Leuven marked a maturity
phase. Amid personal milestones like pregnancy and the challenges of
balancing parenthood with a burgeoning career, I would like to highlight
the crucial role of support systems and a thriving research environment.
My journey so far culminates in the establishment of a lab, the pursuit
of a permanent position, and the appointment as an assistant professor
at KU Leuven.
Performance analysis of Customer Attrition Prediction using Logistic Regression and K-Means Clustering.
Authors: L Akshara sri , S Aameer Khan , KS Nithisshkrishna , R Anitha
Published: November 2023

The quick development of technological infrastructure has
significantly altered how organizations carry on with work.
Subscription-based services are among the results of continuous
digitization and customer attrition has become a major problem and a
threat to all firms. Customer attrition, alternatively referred to as
customer turnover, refers to the departure of customers over time, which
is facing challenges in various business industries. To increase the
customer retention percentage and for the overall profitability of the
industry, customer churn must also be reduced. When organizations
recognize client attrition, they can take proactive measures to keep
customers. Customer attrition is a terminology adopted by different
organizations to encapsulate the defection of clients or subscribers to
any phenomenon. With the use of big data architecture, notably Spark,
this study presents a web application for extracting telecom data. It
uses machine learning algorithms like Logistic regression and K-means
clustering, evaluates the performance of the models, and combines hard
and soft data in order to predict customer churn more accurately. In
addition, label selection will be carried out by assessing each
feature’s impurity score independently, and cluster classification will
be carried out to select the best cluster based on its metrics. The
study concentrates on the crucial machine learning methods for
calculating client churn. This can include improving customer service,
offering loyalty programs, or adjusting pricing strategies.
Gold/Cobalt Ferrite Nanocomposite as a Potential Agent for Photothermal Therapy
Authors: Motorzhina Anna V. , Pshenichnikov Stanislav E. , Anikin Anton A. , Belyaev Victor K. , Yakunin Alexander , Zarkov Sergey V. , Tuchin Valery , Jovanović Sonja , Sangregorio Claudio , Rodionova Valeria V. , Panina Larissa V. , Levada Kateryna V.
Published: November 2023

Composite nanoparticles with a gold core enveloped by cobalt ferrite
nanoparticles show potential for enhanced photothermal therapy.
Determining the optimal gold-to-cobalt ferrite nanoparticle ratio,
dependent on size, is vital for improving treatment efficiency. We
address the urgent need for advancing photothermal therapy through
utilising combined plasmon-magnetic composites with potential of
controlled directional delivery. Our computational modeling and
experimental absorption spectra analysis reveal that adjusting the
cobalt ferrite nanoparticle content redshifts the plasmon resonance
frequency in gold nanoparticles, which is accompanied by increase in the
extinction cross-section. As a result, cobalt ferrite nanoparticle
absorption dominates. Our experiments on photothermal response in
aqueous solutions of composite nanoparticles of various concentrations
demonstrate that 100 μg/ml solution yields a significant temperature
increase of ~8.2 K and a photothermal conversion
efficiency of ~51%. At this concentration, the
composite nanoparticles effectively heat the cell culture medium under
photothermal conditions, leading to 22% reduction in cell viability.
Functional near-infrared spectroscopy for human brain age group classification by machine learning
Authors: Ilvesmäki Martti , Ferdinando Hany , Noponen Kai , Seppänen Tapio , Korhonen Vesa , Kiviniemi Vesa , Myllylä Teemu
Published: November 2023

Aging brain undergoes multiple structural and functional changes. These
may contribute to an increased risk of neurodegenerative disease (NDD)
and other age-related diseases, highlighting the importance of assessing
deviations from healthy brain aging trajectory. In this human brain
study, 50 healthy adults were investigated by functional near-infrared
spectroscopy (fNIRS). A resting state single channel multiwavelength
fNIRS was measured from the forehead in a supine position. The subjects
were divided into four age groups. A machine learning approach was
utilized for age group classification by using support vector machine
and random forest learners with nested cross-validation. The results
suggest brain aging effects being more distinct in the oldest age group
and a difference in the brain aging for the subjects of the in-between
groups. Our study shows high potential for the use of fNIRS in the
analysis of brain aging.
The contribution of saline-alkali land to the terrestrial carbon stock balance
Authors: Li Yuefen , Chang Lei , Ju Tianhang , Zhang Jialin , Wang Xingyi , Zhong Jingfa , Li Haoye , Jia Shuran , Zhang Keyi
Published: November 2023

Saline-alkali land is an important component of terrestrial ecosystems
and may serve as a carbon sink but its net contribution to the overall
terrestrial carbon sink is unknown. Using methods recommended by the
IPCC, this study evaluates the impacts of interconverting saline-alkali
and non-saline-alkali land on terrestrial carbon stocks by measuring two
major carbon pools (soil organic carbon and vegetation biocarbon) in the
saline-alkali land of China’s Songnen Plain. Distinct phases in the
evolution of the region’s terrestrial carbon stock were delineated,
factors contributing to transitions between phases were identified, and
effects of changes in the saline-alkali land carbon stock on the overall
terrestrial carbon sink were estimated. Between 2005 and 2020, the
region’s saline-alkali land carbon stock initially increased, then
declined, and finally increased again. However, the overall terrestrial
carbon stock decreased by 0.5 Tg (1 Tg=10 g),
indicating that the increase in the saline-alkali land carbon stock was
due primarily to expansion of the saline-alkali land area. The
conversion of non-saline-alkali land to saline-alkali land was a
carbon-emitting process; consequently, in areas undergoing saline-alkali
land change, the lower carbon density bound was equal to the carbon
density of unconverted saline-alkali land and the upper bound was equal
to the carbon density of unconverted non-saline-alkali land. In general,
changes in the carbon stock of saline-alkali land correlated negatively
with changes in the overall terrestrial carbon stock. These findings may
guide the development of policies for remediating and reclaiming
saline-alkali land, especially those relating to land development and
carbon sequestration.
Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus addition on litter decomposition and soil enzyme activities with Salix cupularis in an alpine desert ecosystem
Authors: Hu Yu-Fu , Chen Gang , Yang Nairui , Qian Hongyu , Wang Wei , Lu Jian-kai
Published: November 2023

Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are important factors controlling
biogeochemical cycling in terrestrial ecosystems and significantly
affect the decomposition process of litter. However, N and P addition
effects on litter decomposition, especially biological pathways in
alpine grassland in northwest Sichuan, remain unclear. Therefore, this
study explored the response mechanism of Salix cupularis litter
decomposition and soil enzyme activity to different exogenous nitrogen
and phosphorus additions and the inner relationship, combined with field
in situ experiments and laboratory analysis methods. The results showed
that: (1) In general, N, P and NP treatments significantly promoted the
decomposition of litter, lignin and cellulose, and the addition of NP
had a stronger effect in the same concentration level. P addition could
alleviate the inhibitory effect of litter decomposition by high N
concentration. (2) Litter C, N and P basically showed a sustained
release pattern, and NP treatment had the strongest promoting effect.
(3) Each treatment significantly increased the activities of soil
invertase, cellulase, polyphenol oxidase, urease and phosphatase, and
the NP treatment had the best effect. The rate of litter decomposition
was significantly influenced by nutrient content as well as soil enzyme
activity, where cellulose content and invertase activity may be a key
factor controlling the rate of litter decomposition.
PEYER'S PATCHES, BISPHENOL A INGESTION AND SELENIUM SUPPLEMENTATION IN MURINE MODELS.
Authors: Araújo João , Fonseca Clarisse , Castro Marcos Paulo Carvalho , Chaves Bianca Mickaela Santos , Rigon Ulisses de Sousa , Reis Jordana Fonseca , Guerra Sergio , Palombit Kelly , Júnior Airton Conde
Published: November 2023

Bisphenol A [2,2-bis(4hydroxyphenyl) propane, BPA], one of the
endocrine disruptors, is of great concern due to its widespread use
throughout the world. Several studies have shown that BPA has toxic
effects when ingested, making contact with this substance a risk factor
for the development of diseases in various organs, including the
intestine and associated lymphoid tissue. Therefore, the objective of
this work was to study the morphology of Peyer’s patches in young rats
supplemented with selenium and exposed to BPA. The study was approved by
the UFPI Animal Use Ethics Committee, with protocol number 583/19. 28
male Wistar rats ( Rattus novergicus albinus) were randomly
divided into 4 groups: Control (CT), BPA, Se and BPA+Se. The pups were
weaned on the 21st day and, from the 22nd postnatal day, the animals in
the BPA group received daily doses of 5 mg/kg of BPA diluted in 0.3 ml
of corn oil, administered orally. The Se group received 10 μg/kg of Se,
the BPA+Se group received 5 mg/kg of BPA and 10 μg/kg of Se and the CT
group did not receive any substance but was subjected to the oral gavage
process. After 4 weeks of exposure, the puppies were anesthetized and
euthanized for intestinal collection and subsequent histological,
immunohistochemical and morphometric analysis. Our results showed that
BPA caused damage to the epithelial layer of Peyer’s patches, there was
a structural disarray in the architecture of the follicular region of
the BPA and BPA+Se groups, zones of inflammation with the presence of
vacuoles in the tissue. A reduction in Ki-67 expression in Peyer’s
patches was also observed in the BPA group, as well as a significant
reduction in the number of defense cells in the group. Animals exposed
to BPA, but supplemented with Se, showed no damage to the epithelial
layer and there was no reduction in Ki-67 expression. BPA, when ingested
above the safe level, altered Peyer’s patches tissue, and reduced cell
proliferation. Additionally, BPA reduced the immune cell population in
Peyer’s patches. Se was able to reverse the observed damage, suggesting
antioxidant potential.
The presence of adenocarcinoma of the right colon and polyp in colonic graft in a female patient with colon interposition due to caustic stricture of the esophagus in childhood
Authors: Latincic Stojan , Pavlov Maja , Vasiljevic Jovica , Vasin Dragan , Papovic Milena
Published: November 2023

Introduction. Colon interposition is considered an effective option for esophageal replacement in children, particularly in cases of caustic esophageal stricture. The use of colonic tissue grafts for esophageal replacement can lead to late complications, including the development of precancerous lesions and malignant tumors. The aim of the paper is to describe a female patient who was diagnosed with adenocarcinoma of the right colon at the age of 71, 60 years after surgery for benign esophageal stricture. Case outline. A 71-year-old female presented to our clinic in January 2023 with symptoms of abdominal pain. At the age of 11, the patient had bypass esophagocoloplasty with retrosternal esophagogastrocolonic anastomosis due to esophageal stricture after accidental caustic ingestion. CT imaging revealed tumor of the ascending colon, estimated stage T4aN1M0. An upper digestive endoscopic examination revealed one polyp while a lower digestive endoscopic examination confirmed the presence of a stenotic tumor in the ascending colon. Furthermore, a polypoid alteration was identified in the descending colon. CT angiography revealed that the tumor was found to receive its vascular supply through the middle colic artery, while the colonic transplant received its vascular supply through the right colic artery. Conclusion. It is recommended to implement lifelong endoscopic surveillance for patients who have undergone colon interposition. In cases such as this, it is crucial to establish a comprehensive treatment plan and employ effective diagnostic measures to ensure the preservation of the integrity and vascularization of the colonic graft.
Pulmonary air leak syndrome in а premature infant born to mother with COVID-19
Authors: Banjac Lidija , Banjac Boban
Published: November 2023

Introduction. The clinical course of premature infants born to mothers with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has not been well characterized. The aim of this paper was to report a complicated clinical course of pulmonary air leak syndrome (pneumomediastinum and pneumothorax) in a premature infant born to a mother with COVID-19. Case outline. The patient was a male infant born at 35 weeks of gestation. The mother had confirmed coronavirus pneumonia six days prior to delivery. At approximately 25 hours of age, chest X-ray showed pneumomediastinum, giving the classic ?spinnaker-sail? sign. After intubation, chest X-ray showed the typical ?angel-wing? sign, which indicates pneumomediastinum and bilateral pneumothorax (pulmonary air leak syndrome). Conclusion. Based on the presented case, we believe that the mother?s COVID-19 infection is an additional risk factor for the occurrence of pulmonary air leaks in the infant. To confirm this hypothesis as well as explain the exact pathophysiology of air leakage in COVID-19, larger, prospective, and well designed studies are needed.
The role of radiotherapy in the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma - possibilities and controversy
Authors: Arsenijevic Tatjana , Stepanovic Aleksandar , Nikitovic Marina
Published: November 2023

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare malignancy with poor prognosis. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the treatment of this disease, including surgical and radiotherapy techniques, systemic therapy, and immunotherapy. Due to the wide range of clinical presentations, a lack of phase-III randomized trials, and heterogeneity in treatment approach, the treatment of MPM remains challenging regardless of available diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines. The limited possibility to avoid critical healthy organs (particularly lungs), overexposure of which can lead to severe, and even fatal, radiation-induced toxicity, makes high-dose radical radiotherapy very demanding. Thus, the majority of patients in the era of conventional radiotherapy were mostly referred to no more than palliative radiotherapy. Technological development in radiotherapy such as respiratory gating, 4D computed tomography, intensity-modulated radiotherapy, volumetric modulated arc therapy, stereotactic techniques, and proton therapy, made a step forward in treating MPM with this modality. Today, MPM radiotherapy can be considered in various indications, alone or in combination with surgery and systemic treatment. However, many questions remain open, and further investigation is needed especially in dose escalation possibility and lung sparing.
Total arch extrusion with skeletal anchorage to improve inadequate maxillary incisor display in a case of vertical maxillary deficiency
Authors: Liaw Johnny J. L. , Park Jae Hyun , Tsai Fang Fang , Tsai Betty M. Y. , Liao Wendy W. T.
Published: November 2023

Inadequate maxillary incisor display can negatively impact facial esthetics. Various treatment options exist depending on the underlying cause and severity of the condition. Skeletal anchorage was used to extrude the maxillary dentition and rotate the mandible backward, enhancing visibility of the maxillary incisors. An extrusion assembly was introduced to achieve orthodontic extrusion. Use of bite raisers and interarch elastics was also discussed. Treatment results demonstrated successful achievement of the treatment goals. In addition to optimal occlusion, the patient’s facial profile improved with increased lip fullness. There was an increase in vertical facial height, and maxillary incisor display was significantly improved, resulting in a more pleasant smile. Two-year postretention records evidenced the stability of total arch extrusion to improve maxillary incisor display.
Methylglyoxal adducts are prognostic biomarkers for diabetic kidney disease in patients with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Wai Tsuen Lai Seigmund , Hernandez-Castillo Carlos , De Jesus Lopez Gonzalez Edwin , Zoukari Tala , Talley Min , Paquin Nadia , Chen Zhuo , O. Roep Bart , S. Kaddis John , Natarajan Rama , Termini John , C. Shuck Sarah
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Over 30% of patients with type 1 diabetes develop diabetic kidney disease (DKD), significantly increasing mortality risk. The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) and follow-up study Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (EDIC) established that glycemic control measured by HbA1c predicts DKD risk. However, the continued high incidence of DKD reinforces the urgent need for additional biomarkers to supplement HbA1c. Here, we assessed biomarkers induced by methylglyoxal (MG), a metabolic by-product that forms covalent adducts on DNA, RNA, and protein called MG-adducts. Urinary MG-adducts were measured from patients with type 1 diabetes enrolled in DCCT/EDIC who did (cases, n=90) or did not (controls, n=117) develop DKD. Univariate and multivariable analysis revealed that measurements of MG-adducts independently predict DKD, even before established DKD biomarkers such as glomerular filtration rate and albumin excretion rate. Elevated levels of MG-adducts bestowed the greatest risk of developing DKD in a multivariable model that included HbA1c and other clinical covariates. Our work establishes a novel class of biomarkers to predict DKD risk and suggests that inclusion of MG-adducts may be a valuable tool to improve existing predictors of complications like DKD prior to overt disease to aid in identifying at-risk individuals and personalized risk management.

Article Highlights

· Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a significant source of mortality in patients with type 1 diabetes, and there is an unmet need to identify novel biomarkers to predict DKD.

· We sought to elucidate if methylglyoxal adducts, which are a marker of altered metabolism, have predictive utility for DKD in patients with type 1 diabetes.

· We found that methylglyoxal adducts predict the risk of DKD at least 16 years pre-diagnosis.

· Our data presents a novel class of biomarkers with potential utility for predicting DKD risk to supplement existing tools such as HbA1c, AER, and GFR.
Normative BREAST-Q reconstruction scores for satisfaction and well-being of the breasts and potential donor sites: what are Swedish women of the general population satisfied/dissatisfied with?
Authors: Jepsen Christian , Paganini Anna , Hansson Emma
Published: November 2023

Background: Normative data for interpreting the BREAST-Q reconstruction module are currently limited to four populations. The primary aim of this study was to create Swedish normative values for the BREAST-Q reconstruction domains. The secondary aim was to describe what aspects of the breasts and potential donor sites that women of the general population are generally satisfied or dissatisfied with.
Methods: The BREAST-Q reconstruction module was sent to a random sample of 400 women currently living in Region Västra Götaland. Descriptive data are presented.
Results: One hundred and forty-six women answered the questionnaire (36.5%). The mean age of the cohort was 53 years, and the mean body mass index (BMI) was 25 kg/m2. Mean total scores ranged from 50 to 90. The mean score for satisfaction with breast was 57 on a 0–100 scale. Women with high BMI values seem to be less satisfied with their breasts and physical and sexual well-being. The participants were most satisfied with their breasts when clothed. Overall, the reported physical well-being related to potential donor sites was high.
Conclusions: Normative data for BREAST-Q constitute a reference point, which allows us to put another perspective on changes in scores rather than just comparing scores before and after surgery. Scores were somewhat different than scores in previously published normative populations, which indicates that there might be cultural differences in breast satisfaction.
Propuesta de estrategias tecnopedagógicas para el diseño de cursos de calidad en plataformas virtuales
Authors: Mondragón Huerta Raquel , García Ramírez Teresa , Olivo García Edith
Published: November 2023

Las estrategias tecnopedagógicas de aprendizaje son una herramienta valiosa para mejorar el aprendizaje más efectivo. Al combinar la tecnología con una metodología pedagógica adecuada, se logran mejores resultados en el aprendizaje, así como la formación de estudiantes más preparados para enfrentar los desafíos del futuro. El uso de entornos virtuales de aprendizaje es fundamental en la educación en línea, ya que permite a los estudiantes aprender de forma autónoma. Sin embargo, la calidad del aprendizaje puede verse comprometida por factores como la falta de interacción y motivación. La cooperación entre la tecnología y la pedagogía es crucial para enfrentar los desafíos actuales de la educación en línea y asegurar una educación de calidad. Por tal razón, este trabajo se centra en mejorar la calidad del aprendizaje en los cursos en línea mediante el uso de entornos virtuales de aprendizaje. El método de investigación utilizado fue mixto y la propuesta se enfocó en tres ejes fundamentales: estrategias didácticas, estrategias tecnológicas y analíticas de aprendizaje. Los resultados del análisis de datos que ofrece la plataforma permiten determinar el impacto que tienen las actividades y la interacción de los estudiantes con ellas para determinar si ayudan a cumplir con los objetivos de aprendizaje establecidos y aprovechar al máximo el potencial de la educación en línea para ofrecer a los estudiantes una experiencia educativa enriquecedora.
Role of Stakeholder Participation in the Accessibility of Social Services to Persons with Disability
Authors: Njeri Simon Ngacha , Smith James Allan
Published: November 2023

This study was researched on the need to establish the factors influencing the accessibility of social services in informal settlements in the Kasarani sub-county, Kenya. The Kasarani sub-county in Kenya acted as the place for conducting this study. The caregivers of children with disabilities, stakeholders working with children with disabilities, Funding agencies targeting children with disabilities, and community-based organizations working with children with disabilities in the informal settlement areas acted as the target population. The target sample of 200 was selected from a population of 2,000 individuals. Data collection was performed through a questionnaire. Data coding and analysis were performed through SPSS and presented. Descriptive and regression analysis was used in the analysis of the data. The data was summarized using tables, figures, and the regression model. The study established that the participation of stakeholders influences the accessibility of social services for children with disabilities in the Kasarani sub-county. The study further found that funding influences the accessibility of social services for children with disabilities in the Kasarani sub-county. Also, it found that a unit increase in the capacity of caregivers leads to an increase in the accessibility of Social Services in the informal settlement. Based on the findings, this study recommended that more homes should be established in the informal settlements in the country to help those children with disabilities, and the government, as a policy intervention, should review the funding of homecare programs by fully extending the support to all local community organizations in informal settlements.
IMPROVING STUDENTS’ READING COMPREHENSION BY USING PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING METHOD AT XI MIPA 5 SMA NEGERI 1 BADEGAN PONOROGO IN ACADEMIC YEAR 2021/2022
Authors: Setyaningrum Ratih , Indriastuti Niken Reti , Asiyah Siti
Published: November 2023

This research aimed to explain how the Problem-Based Learning Method improved the reading comprehension of XI MIPA 5 students at the SMAN 1 Badegan and to indentify what aspects of reading learning can be improved. The researcher used classroom action research. This research had 2 cycles consisting of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. In this research, the researcher used 3 instruments: observations, questionnaires, and tests to measure student achievement and to know student responses after implementation of Problem-Based Learning in reading comprehension. The result of the study showed that students reading comprehension was improved. This was proven by the result of test which improved from 7% in cycle 1 to 100% in cycle 2. Then, the the result of the questionnaires which improved from 78% in cycle 1 to 98% in cycle 2. Furthermore, this study was also proven by the result of observation which improved from 65% in cycle 1 to 95% in cycle 2. Based on finding data from 3 instruments, the researcher concluded that the implementation of the Problem-Based Learning method was successful to improve students’ reading comprehension at X MIPA 5 SMA Negeri 1 Badegan in academic year 2021/2022.
El ritmo de la sangre: los poemas en prosa de Jaime Sabines
Authors:   , Porras Ortega Ángel Alexandro
Published: November 2023

La noción de heteroglosia, planteada por Marguerite Murphy, a partir de Mijaíl Bajtín, para el estudio de la evolución del poema en prosa, describe la volitiva y consciente combinación de géneros discursivos dentro de uno solo. Este concepto, según Murphy, permea en toda la historia del poema en prosa, así como de la novela, estudiada por el propio Bajtín. Por consiguiente, a partir de esa noción, se realiza un análisis de dos obras de Jaime Sabines: Adán y Eva, 1954, y Diario semanario y poemas en prosa, 1961. Esos libros de poemas no contaron con el pleno favor de los críticos de la época, lo cual ilustra una poética diferente, que no encajó con ciertos criterios de esos años. De acuerdo con Sabines mismo, en Adán y Eva buscó “un ritmo semejante a la sangre”, el cual se podía conseguir sólo por medio de la prosa. Así pues, en este trabajo se discute la posibilidad de un estilo poético “subversivo” (contrario a las percepciones más comunes de este autor), que utiliza con ironía recursos y nociones adjudicadas a la prosa para entablar un producto lírico. Los símiles, la corporeización, las frases exclamativas y exhortativas, y la heteroglosia son recursos puntuales que describen el estilo de Sabines en las obras mencionadas. Por medio de ellos, se pretende una poesía auténtica, que deje de lado las formas complejas y alcance un vínculo latente con la realidad.
Fault diagnosis of electrical faults of three phase induction motors using acoustic analysis
Authors: Lucas Guilherme Beraldi , Lui Hui , Brumercik Frantisek , Glowacz Adam , Sulowicz Maciej , Kozik Jarosław , Irfan Muhammad , Piech Krzysztof , Gutten Miroslav , Korenciak Daniel , Glowacz Witold , Caesarendra Wahyu , Li Zhixiong , Kumar Anil
Published: November 2023

Fault diagnosis techniques of electrical motors can prevent unplanned downtime and loss of money, production, and health. Various parts of the induction motor can be diagnosed: Rotor, stator, rolling bearings, fan, insulation damage, and shaft. Acoustic analysis is non-invasive. Acoustic sensors are low-cost. Changes in the acoustic signal are often observed for faults in induction motors. In this paper, the authors present a fault diagnosis technique for three-phase induction motors (TPIM) using acoustic analysis. The authors analyzed acoustic signals for three conditions of the TPIM: healthy TPIM, TPIM with twobroken bars, and TPIM with a faulty ring of the squirrel cage. Acoustic analysis was performed using Fast Fourier Transform(FFT), a new feature extraction method called MoD-7 (Maxima of differences between the conditions), and deep neural networks: GoogLeNet, and ResNet-50. The results of the analysis of acoustic signals were equal to 100% for the three analyzed conditions. The proposed technique is excellent for acoustic signals. The described technique can be used for electric motor fault diagnosis applications.
Using open-source software GRASS GIS for analysis of the environmental patterns in Lake Chad, Central Africa
Authors: Lemenkova Polina
Published: November 2023

Lake Chad, situated in the semi-arid region of African Sahel, plays a vital role in hydrogeological balance of regional ecosystems. It presents an essential water source and provides a habitat for rare wildlife species including migrating waterbirds. However, the lake has shrunk significantly since the 1960s and has continued to reduce in size and extent during recent decades. Trends in drying and shrinking of Lake Chad are caused by environmental factors and changed climate. The desiccation of the lake is threatening environmental sustainability. This study focused on identification of changes in the Chad Lake area, wetland extent, and associated land cover types. The methods include the Geographic Resources Analysis Support System (GRASS) Geographic Information System (GIS) for remote sensing data classification. The maximum likelihood discriminant analysis classifier was applied for analysis of multispectral Landsat 8–9 OLI/TIRS images in 2013, 2017, and 2022. Detected changes in land cover types reflect variations in water balance and wetland area and extent around Lake Chad over recent decades. Cartographic scripting tools of GRASS GIS provide an efficient method of digital image processing for monitoring endorheic lakes of Central Africa. GRASS GIS methods provide an opportunity to automatically classify Earth observation data with cartographic scripts for environmental monitoring.
Increasing Sustainability in Auckland Road Construction by Using Plastic Waste
Authors: Asrani Manoj R. , Kularatne Indrapriya
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this paper is to explore the use of plastic waste to increase the sustainability of road construction in Auckland. An exploratory research strategy was used based on interviews conducted with infrastructure company and waste management company managers, road construction practitioners, academic experts relevant to the roading industry and technical personnel. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data for insights. There are some concerns regarding the quality and performance of roads affecting socio-sustainability, for which research is advised from the Auckland perspective. Research is recommended in the subject of recycling other waste material such as glass and rubber into roading all over New Zealand (NZ). Moreover, research is recommended specifically for walking and cycling tracks, which is a focus of the Auckland Council currently. The infrastructure companies and the Auckland Council must work together for incorporating plastic waste in roading. Companies can achieve higher sustainability as they will make a profit by saving costs, benefit the society by providing better quality and performance of roads and help the environment by green manufacturing. By using plastic waste, the Auckland Council can meet the targets of decarbonising the transport in Auckland by the year 2040; this is also a step towards the NZ targets of the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals.
EFFECT OF ORGANIC WASTE MATERIALS ON CLAYS SOIL PROPERTIES
Authors: Nanda Nanda , Nasmirayanti Rita , Saputra Almy , Masril Hasanah Fitria , Putra Randa Kurnia
Published: November 2023

Clay soil has cohesive properties which cause the soil to be hard when dry and plastic when wet, which can cause damage to the construction of the building above it. One method of improving unstable soil is soil stabilization using additives. In this study, the mixed materials used were waste materials, namely rice husk ash, coconut shell ash, and sawdust ash with a proportion of 2%, 5%, and 8% respectively. Each of these materials is added with 5% sea shell powder as a substitute for lime. Soil sampling was carried out at the location of Koto Baru Nan XX Village, Padang City. The method used is the observation method, which is testing the physical and mechanical properties of the soil in the laboratory. The results showed that the value of the plasticity index was reduced the most by mixing coconut shell ash and sea shell powder to 87%.The optimum water content and dry unit weight of soil with added materials decreased during the compaction test. The optimum moisture content and dry unit weight dropped sharply when sawdust ash and shell powder were mixed by 57% and 9%, respectively, when viewed from their average values. Then followed by a mixture of coconut shell ash and sea shell powder of 47% and 15%. And the smallest decrease occurred in a mixture of rice husk ash and sea shell powder at 31% and 11%. The level of soil sensitivity is reduced the most in a mixture of sawdust ash and sea shell powder by 50% and continue by a mixture of coconut shell ash and sea shell powder by 43% and a mixture of rice husk ash and sea shell powder by 24%.
Enrichment provision for sumatran tiger (Panthera tigris sumatrae) and bengal tiger (Panthera tigris tigris) in Bali Zoo, Gianyar
Authors: Yuni Luh Putu Eswaryanti Kusuma , Dewi Putu Laksmi Candra , Watiniasih Ni Luh
Published: November 2023

Tiger Panthera tigris has a significant ecological role in its ecosystem, however, its population in nature has been declining drastically due to habitat degradation/loss, poaching of the tigers and their prey, wildlife trade, and human-tiger conflict. All P. tigris sub-species are included as endangered species on the IUCN red list and included in CITES Appendix 1. One of the efforts made to conserve endangered species is to link ex-situ conservation efforts with in-situ conservation. Providing enrichment can increase the complexity of the captive environment and further improve animal welfare by triggering active behaviour and preventing the emergence of stereotyped behaviour that often occurs in tiger species kept in cages at zoos. The Bali Zoo is an ex-situ conservation organization that plays a role in efforts to conserve tigers outside their natural habitat. This study aims to determine the types of enrichment given to sumatran tigers and bengal tigers at the Bali Zoo. This research was conducted in February-March 2021 using the direct observation method. This study recorded that various types of enrichment had been given which included food enrichment, sensory enrichment, physical enrichment, cognitive enrichment, and social enrichment to sumatran tigers and bengal tigers at the Bali Zoo. This provision has been able to reduce stress levels in these animals. Furthermore, although provision various types of enrichment have been well conducted in Bali Zoo, it is advisable to make more variety in anticipation to avoid causing boredom to the animals.
Feeding Preferences Of Bawean Deer (Axis Kuhlii Temminck, 1836) In The Ex-Situ Conservation Area Bali Zoo Park, Gianyar, Bali
Authors: Adyastari Dewi Ni Kadek Thisya , Ginantra I Ketut , Yuni Luh Putu Eswaryanti Kusuma
Published: November 2023

Bawean deer (Axis kuhlii) is endemic species of Bawean Island whose had a critically endangered status. This study aims to determine the feeding preferences of Bawean deer in the ex-situ conservation area ??Bali Zoo Park. This research was conducted from 6 January to 20 March 2020. Cafeteria feeding method was used to determine feeding preferences and continued with nutritional content test, namely crude protein (%), energy (kcal/g), kalsium (%) and phosphorus (%). Feeding preference was determined based on the Ivlev selection index. The feeding preference from the selection index (IS) showed local grass and sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) was the preferred category, wheat bran (Pollard) was the proportional, elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) and carrots (Daucus carota) were the less preferred category. The nutritional content of Bawean deer had met their needs, in which crude protein ranges from 3.89 to 17.30%, energy ranges from 2.8585 to 3.6253 kcal/g, calcium ranges from 0.13 to 0.70% and phosphorus ranges from 0.10 to 0.84%.
Authors: Firmansah Mochamad Ircham , Rahayu Tintrim , Jayati Gatra Ervi , Agisimanto Dita
Published: November 2023

Orchids This research aims to analyze the effect of NAA on orchid growth, to analyze the optimal NAA concentration on orchid growth, and to analyze the effect of planting media with optimal NAA concentrations. Planting media that are often used in orchid breeding are kadaka roots or black moss, sphagnum moss, or white moss. This research used a randomized block design (RAK) with 2 comparison factors. Factor 1 is the type of planting medium (black and white moss). Factor 2 is NAA concentration (0.5; 0.50; 0.75 and 1.00 ml/ L). The results of the research showed that the highest average number of new orchid roots formed (0.93 pieces) was found in white moss media with an NAA concentration of 0.75 ml/ L. Meanwhile, in black moss media, the highest average was found at an NAA concentration of 1.00 ml/ L with a value of 0.89. The effect of NAA on the growth of Dendrobium sp. orchids on white moss media, NAA affects the number of new roots, leaf length and plant length. Meanwhile, in black moss NAA affects root length, number of new roots and plant length.
"Potensi Asam Eikosapentanoat (EPA) Pada Ganggang Merah (Gracilaria sp.) sebagai Suplementasi Nutrisi untuk Mengurangi Risiko Penyakit Kardiovaskular"
Authors: Lucienne Agatha Larasati Nugraha Putri
Published: November 2023

Beberapa tahun belakangan, rumput laut telah dipandang sebagai organisme yang menjanjikan untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai penyedia senyawa aktif baru dalam pengembangan produk pangan baru (nutrasetikal). Hal ini karena metabolit sekunder yang dihasilkan dapat memberikan efek yang baik bagi kesehatan. Ganggang Merah (Rhodophyta) seperti Gracilaria sp mengandung asam lemak esensial (EFA) seperti asam eikosapentanoat (EPA) yang berperan dalam pengobatan sejumlah penyakit, salah satunya penyakit kardiovaskular. Tujuan dilakukannya penulisan review artikel ini adalah untuk mengkaji potensi senyawa aktif yang terkandung dalam ganggang merah (Gracilaria sp) yakni asam lemak omega-3 berupa asam eikosapentanoat sebagai suplementasi nutrisi untuk mengurangi risiko penyakit kardiovaskular. Metode penyusunan review artikel ialah dengan menggunakan metode literature review. Penyajian data dilakukan secara deskriptif dan tabulasi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui sejumlah database yakni PubMed, ScienceDirect, ResearchGate, Google Scholar, Elsevier, dan SpringerLink. Artikel yang dipilih dan dikaji adalah artikel internasional maupun nasional. Artikel yang diperoleh kemudian diseleksi berdasarkan kriteria inklusi artikel yang membahas mengenai kandungan asam lemak omega-3 berupa asam eikosapentanoat (EPA) yang dihasilkan oleh Ganggang Merah (Rhodophyta) yang difokuskan pada spesies Gracilaria. Berdasarkan data yang telah diperoleh diketahui bahwa Ganggang Merah (Gracilaria sp.) memiliki kandungan asam lemak esensial seperti Saturated Fatty Acid (SFA), Monounsaturated Fatty Acid (MUFA), dan Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid (PUFA). Omega-3 (khususnya asam eikosapentanoat) memiliki potensi untuk mencegah penyakit kardiovaskular yakni melalui pengurangan kadar kolesterol, mengurangi kadar trigliserida dalam plasma, menurunkan tekanan darah, mencegah terjadinya penggumpalan platelet, mengurangi peradangan, serta meningkatkan sirkulasi darah. Maka dari itu, kesimpulan yang diperoleh adalah asupan tinggi omega-3 dapat menurunkan risiko timbulnya penyakit kardiovaskular.
Review: Pengolahan dan Pengembangan Oat (Avena sativa L.) menjadi Susu Nabati Rendah Lemak bagi Penderita Hiperkolesterolemia
Authors: Luh Putu Laksmi Wiryani  , Putu Sanna Yustiantara
Published: November 2023

Hiperkolesterolemia merupakan kondisi tingginya kadar kolesterol LDL (Low-density lipoprotein) di dalam darah atau dikenal dengan kolesterol tinggi. Penderita Hiperkolesterolemia harus menjaga makanan yang dikonsumsi agar kadar lemak di dalam darah tidak melonjak yang dapat memicu penumpukan plak yang menyumbat dinding arteri (aterosklerosis). Populernya alternatif susu nabati dipicu meningkatnya kesadaran konsumen terhadap peningkatan derajat kesehatan, salah satunya minuman berbahan dasar oat (oat milk) dikenal memiliki kandungan rendah lemak. Umumnya, oat milk dibuat dengan mencampurkan rolled oat dan air menjadi bubur kemudian terhidrolisis. Oat (Avena sativa L.) memiliki kandungan beta-glucan yang merupakan serat larut untuk mengurangi kadar kolesterol plasma dan risiko penyakit jantung. Review artikel ini bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi mengenai oat milk yang berpotensi sebagai alternatif susu murni bagi penderita hiperkolesterolemia untuk menurunkan nilai kolesterol LDL. Metode review artikel yang digunakan berupa studi literatur. Kriteria inklusi yang digunakan adalah artikel riset dan review nasional maupun internasional relevan membahas efek beta-glucan oat untuk penurunan kadar kolesterol yang diterbitkan secara online terutama pada 5 tahun terakhir. Terdapat 2 riset yang relevan, salah-satunya menunjukkan konsumsi beta-glucan oat 3 kali sehari selama 4 minggu menghasilkan penurunan kadar kolesterol LDL (6%) namun tidak ada perubahan pada kolesterol HDL dan trigliserida. Beta-glucan oat terbukti memodulasi fermentasi mikrobiota usus dalam metabolisme kolesterol sehingga mempengaruhi produksi asam lemak rantai pendek yang berkontribusi terhadap efek penurunan kolesterol LDL. Asupan Beta-glucan oat dapat secara signifikan menurunkan tingkat LDL. Oat milk dapat disarankan sebagai susu nabati alternatif susu murni bagi penderita hiperkolesterolemia dengan manfaat penurunan kolesterol LDL.
Studi Literatur: Pengaruh Konsentrasi PVA dan HPMC Terhadap Sifat Fisik dan Stabilitas Fisik Masker Gel Peel-Off dari Bahan Alam
Authors: Ni Made Indah Maryani  , Setyawan Eka Indra
Published: November 2023

Masker gel peel-off ialah salah satu produk kosmetika berupa gel dimana digunakan dengan cara dioleskan secara langsung ke kulit dan akan segera mengering. Dalam pembuatan masker gel peel-off terdapat beberapa komponen penting seperti PVA sebagai film forming (pembentuk film) dan HPMC sebagai gelling agent (pembentuk gel). Konsentrasi basis pada masker gel peel-off akan mempengaruhi sifat fisik dan stabilitas fisik, dimana secara tidak langsung akan mempengaruhi kualitas dan mutu dari masker gel peel-off. Pada formulasi pembuatan masker gel peel-off permasalahan yang sering dialami yakni viskositas dan waktu kering yang belum sesuai dengan standar kualitas dan mutu. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi PVA dan HPMC terhadap sifat fisik dan stabilitas fisik masker gel peel-off sehingga dapat diperoleh kualitas dan mutu sediaan yang baik. Metode yang digunakan dalam pembuatan artikel ini ialah literature review. Hasil yang diperoleh yakni konsentrasi PVA dan HPMC sebagai basis mempengaruhi sifat fisik dari masker gel peel-off, jika konsentrasi PVA dan HPMC semakin tinggi maka akan menyebabkan viskositas yang tinggi yang menyebabkan nilai daya sebar rendah, semakin lama daya lekat, dan waktu mengering yang lebih cepat. Pada uji stabilitas fisik masker gel peel-off dilakukan dengan cycling test selama 6 siklus dan diperoleh hasil konsentrasi PVA dan HPMC pada uji stabilitas viskositas menunjukka ketidakstabilan.
Potensi Daun Salam (Syzygium polyanthum) Sebagai Antioksidan untuk Menangkal Radikal Bebas
Authors: I Gede Rheza Wisnu Bhadreswara  , Ni Made Pitri Susanti
Published: November 2023

Dalam tubuh manusia, radikal bebas dapat berasal dari dua sumber. Radikal bebas yang bersumber dari luar tubuh seperti polusi udara, asap rokok dan radiasi dari perangkat elektronik seperti ponsel dan televisi. Radikal bebas dari dalam tubuh dapat secara alami terjadi akibat proses oksidasi enzimatik maupun autooksidasi. Antioksidan merupakan senyawa kimia yang dapat tercipta dalam tubuh manusia secara alami atau diperoleh dari luar tubuh melalui makanan, yang dapat menjadikan radikal bebas menjadi bentuk yang lebih stabil. Senyawa metabolit sekunder seperti fenolik, flavonoid, atau asam organik yang berasal dari bahan alam seperti daun salam dapat menjadi sumber antioksidan dari luar tubuh. Daun salam (Syzygum polyanthum) memiliki berbagai kandungan metabolit sekunder salah satunya yakni flavonoid. Daun ini dapat ditemukan dengan mudah dalam keseharian. Pada review artikel ini akan dibahas terkait potensi daun salam sebagai sumber antioksidan untuk penangkal radikal bebas. Metode yang digunakan pada pembuatan artikel review ini adalah penelusuran literatur nasional maupun internasional dalam 5 tahun terakhir sebanyak 6 jurnal. Berbagai penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun salam (Syzygium polyanthum) memiliki aktivitas antioksidan karena polifenolnya. Berdasarkan skrining fitokimia senyawa bioaktif yang banyak terkandung di dalam daun salam adalah flavonoid. Flavonoid adalah senyawa polifenol yang memiliki manfaat salah satunya adalah sebagai antioksidan. Dengan demikian, daun salam (Syzygium polyanthum) dapat memiliki potensi sebagai sumber antioksidan untuk menangkal radikal bebas.
Potensi Tanaman Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) sebagai Nefroprotektor
Authors: Wayan Dianda Sari  , I Wayan Martadi Santika
Published: November 2023

Ginjal merupakan organ yang dibutuhkan dalam tubuh manusia dan dikategorikan sebagai organ vital untuk melaksanakan berbagai fungsi penting meliputi detoksifikasi, pengaturan cairan ekstraseluler, homeostasis, dan ekskresi metabolit toksik. Kerusakan pada ginjal dapat terjadi akibat paparan oleh agen nefrotoksik, pelarut, obat anti-inflamasi non steroid, senyawa glikol, obat antikanker, dan antibiotik. Dalam mengatasi hal tersebut, diperlukan sebuah adjuvant yang berfungsi sebagai nefroprotektor. Namun, pengobatan dengan adjuvant memiliki efek samping, sehingga pilihan terapi alternatif menggunakan tanaman dapat dikembangkan untuk mengatasi efek samping penggunaan adjuvant. Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang dilaporkan memiliki efektivitas nefroprotektif terhadap kerusakan ginjal. Tujuan review artikel ini adalah untuk mengetahui kandungan senyawa dalam tanaman pepaya dan potensinya sebagai nefroprotektor. Metode yang digunakan dalam penyusunan artikel review ini, yaitu studi literatur. Literatur yang digunakan merupakan artikel ilmiah yang dipublikasikan secara online dari berbagai situs seperti Google Scholar, PubMed, dan Researchgate menggunakan kata kunci spesifik. Penilaian terhadap literatur menggunakan metode Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Artikel ilmiah yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi sebanyak 13 artikel kemudian dianalisis dan disajikan dalam bentuk review article. Hasil studi literatur menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak biji, daun, dan akar pepaya serta jus buah pepaya mengandung alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, terpenoid, tanin, fenol, dan vitamin C. Berbagai bagian tanaman pepaya memiliki aktivitas sebagai nefroprotektor yang ditunjukkan melalui penurunan kadar kreatinin serum dan urea, serta didukung oleh pemeriksaan histopatologi. Dengan demikian, disimpulkan bahwa tanaman pepaya mempunyai efek nefroprotektif terhadap ginjal, sehingga berpotensi untuk dikembangkan menjadi produk nutrasetikal.