bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spatially Resolved CO SLED of the Luminous Merger Remnant NGC 1614 with ALMA
Authors: Saito Toshiki , Iono Daisuke , Xu Cong K. , Sliwa Kazimierz , Ueda Junko , Espada Daniel , Kaneko Hiroyuki , König Sabine , Nakanishi Kouichiro , Lee Minju , Yun Min S. , Aalto Susanne , Hibbard John E. , Yamashita Takuji , Motohara Kentaro , Kawabe Ryohei
Published: January 2017

We present high-resolution (1.″0) Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of CO (1–0) and CO (2–1) rotational transitions toward the nearby IR-luminous merger NGC 1614 supplemented with ALMA archival data of CO (3–2) and CO (6–5) transitions. The CO (6–5) emission arises from the starburst ring (central 590 pc in radius), while the lower-J CO lines are distributed over the outer disk (∼3.3 kpc in radius). Radiative transfer and photon-dominated region (PDR) modeling reveals that the starburst ring has a single warmer gas component with more a intense far-ultraviolet radiation field (

cm−3,

 K, and

) relative to the outer disk (

cm−3,

 K, and

). A two-phase molecular interstellar medium with a warm and cold (>70 and ∼19 K) component is also an applicable model for the starburst ring. A possible source for heating the warm gas component is mechanical heating due to stellar feedback rather than PDR. Furthermore, we find evidence for non-circular motions along the north–south optical bar in the lower-J CO images, suggesting a cold gas inflow. We suggest that star formation in the starburst ring is sustained by the bar-driven cold gas inflow and that starburst activities radiatively and mechanically power the CO excitation. The absence of a bright active galactic nucleus can be explained by a scenario where cold gas accumulating on the starburst ring is exhausted as the fuel for star formation or is launched as an outflow before being able to feed to the nucleus.
Spectroscopic Comparison of Metal-rich RRab Stars of the Galactic Field with their Metal-poor Counterparts
Authors: Chadid Merieme , Sneden Christopher , Preston George W.
Published: January 2017

We investigate atmospheric properties of 35 stable RRab stars that possess the full ranges of period, light amplitude, and metal abundance found in Galactic RR Lyrae stars. Our results are derived from several thousand echelle spectra obtained over several years with the du Pont telescope of Las Campanas Observatory. Radial velocities of metal lines and the Hα line were used to construct curves of radial velocity versus pulsation phase. From these we estimated radial velocity amplitudes for metal lines (formed near the photosphere) and Hα Doppler cores (formed at small optical depths). We also measured Hα emission fluxes when they appear during primary light rises. Spectra shifted to rest wavelengths, binned into small phase intervals, and co-added were used to perform model atmospheric and abundance analyses. The derived metallicities and those of some previous spectroscopic surveys were combined to produce a new calibration of the Layden abundance scale. We then divided our RRab sample into metal-rich (disk) and metal-poor (halo) groups at [Fe/H] = −1.0; the atmospheres of RRab families, so defined, differ with respect to (a) peak strength of Hα emission flux, (b) Hα radial velocity amplitude, (c) dynamical gravity, (d) stellar radius variation, (e) secondary acceleration during the photometric bump that precedes minimum light, and (f) duration of Hα line-doubling. We also detected Hα line-doubling during the “bump” in the metal-poor family, but not in the metal-rich one. Although all RRab probably are core helium-burning horizontal branch stars, the metal-rich group appears to be a species sui generis.
Evidence for a Dusty Dark Dwarf Galaxy in the Quadruple Lens MG 0414+0534
Authors: Inoue Kaiki Taro , Matsushita Satoki , Minezaki Takeo , Chiba Masashi
Published: January 2017

We report the

4
σ

detection of a faint object with a flux of

∼
0.3

mJy

, in the vicinity of the quadruply lensed QSO MG 0414+0534 using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter array (ALMA) Band 7. The object is most probably a dusty dark dwarf galaxy, which has not been detected in either the optical, near-infrared, or radio (centimeter) bands. An anomaly in the flux ratio of the lensed images observed in Band 7 and the mid-infrared band and the reddening of the QSO light color can be simultaneously explained if we consider the object as a lensing substructure with an ellipticity of ∼0.7 at a redshift of

0.5
≲
z
≲
1

. Using the best-fit lens models with three lenses, we find that the dark matter plus baryon mass associated with the object is

∼

10

9

M

⊙

, the dust mass is

∼

10

7

M

⊙

, and the linear size is

≳
5

kpc. Thus, our findings suggest that the object is a dusty dark dwarf galaxy. A substantial portion of faint submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) in the universe may be attributed to such dark objects.
The Curious Case of High-energy Deuterons in Galactic Cosmic Rays
Authors: Tomassetti Nicola , Feng Jie
Published: January 2017

A new analysis of cosmic ray (CR) data collected by the SOKOL experiment in space found that the deuteron-to-helium ratio at energies between 500 and 2000 GeV/nucleon takes the value d/He ∼ 1.5. As we will show, this result cannot be explained by standard models of secondary CR production in the interstellar medium and points to the existence of a high-energy source of CR deuterons. To account for the deuteron excess in CRs, we argue that the only viable solution is hadronic interaction processes of accelerated particles inside old supernova remnants (SNRs). From this mechanism, however, the B/C ratio is also expected to increase at energies above ∼50 of GeV/nucleon, in conflict with new precision data just released by the AMS-02 experiment. Hence, if this phenomenon is a real physical effect, hadronic production of CR deuterons must occur in SNRs characterized by low metal abundance. In such a scenario, the sources accelerating C–

N

–O nuclei are not the same as those accelerating helium or protons, so that the connection between d/He ratio and B/C ratio is broken, and the latter cannot be used to place constraints on the production of light isotopes or antiparticles.
The Carnegie-Chicago Hubble Program: Discovery of the Most Distant Ultra-faint Dwarf Galaxy in the Local Universe∗
Authors: Lee Myung Gyoon , Jang In Sung , Beaton Rachael , Seibert Mark , Bono Giuseppe , Madore Barry
Published: January 2017

Ultra-faint dwarf galaxies (UFDs) are the faintest known galaxies, and due to their incredibly low surface brightness, it is difficult to find them beyond the Local Group. We report a serendipitous discovery of a UFD, Fornax UFD1, in the outskirts of NGC 1316, a giant galaxy in the Fornax cluster. The new galaxy is located at a projected radius of 55 kpc in the south–east of NGC 1316. This UFD is found as a small group of resolved stars in the Hubble Space Telescope images of a halo field of NGC 1316, obtained as part of the Carnegie-Chicago Hubble Program. Resolved stars in this galaxy are consistent with being mostly metal-poor red giant branch (RGB) stars. Applying the tip of the RGB method to the mean magnitude of the two brightest RGB stars, we estimate the distance to this galaxy, 19.0 ± 1.3 Mpc. Fornax UFD1 is probably a member of the Fornax cluster. The color–magnitude diagram of these stars is matched by a 12 Gyr isochrone with low metallicity ([Fe/H] ≈ −2.4). Total magnitude and effective radius of Fornax UFD1 are M

V
 ≈ −7.6 ± 0.2 mag and r
eff = 146 ± 9 pc, which are similar to those of Virgo UFD1 that was discovered recently in the intracluster field of Virgo by Jang & Lee. Fornax UFD1 is the most distant known UFD that is confirmed by resolved stars. This indicates that UFDs are ubiquitous and that more UFDs remain to be discovered in the Fornax cluster.
Polar Alignment of a Protoplanetary Disk around an Eccentric Binary
Authors: Martin Rebecca G. , Lubow Stephen H.
Published: January 2017

We use three-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations to show that an initially mildly misaligned circumbinary accretion disk around an eccentric binary can evolve to an orientation that is perpendicular to the orbital plane of the binary (polar alignment). As the disk evolves to the perpendicular state, it undergoes nodal libration oscillations of the tilt angle and the longitude of the ascending node. Dissipation within the disk causes the oscillations to damp. The process operates above a critical initial misalignment angle that depends upon the eccentricity of the binary and the mass of the disk. For binary eccentricity of 0.5, the process operates typically for disk masses smaller than a few percent of the binary mass and initial tilt angle of more than 40°. This evolution has important implications for planet formation around eccentric binary star systems.
Fragmentation of Kozai–Lidov Disks
Authors: Fu Wen , Lubow Stephen H. , Martin Rebecca G.
Published: January 2017

We analyze the gravitational instability (GI) of a locally isothermal inclined disk around one component of a binary system. Such a disk can undergo global Kozai–Lidov (KL) cycles if the initial disk tilt is above the critical KL angle (of about 40◦). During these cycles, an initially circular disk exchanges its inclination for eccentricity, and vice versa. Self-gravity may suppress the cycles under some circumstances. However, with hydrodynamic simulations that include self-gravity, we show that for a sufficiently high initial disk tilts and for certain disk masses, disks can undergo KL oscillations and fragment due to GI, even when the Toomre Q value for an equivalent undisturbed disk is well within the stable regime (

). We suggest that KL triggered disk fragmentation provides a mechanism for the efficient formation of giant planets in binary systems and may enhance the fragmentation of disks in massive black hole binaries.
Stagnant Shells in the Vicinity of the Dusty Wolf–Rayet–OB Binary WR 112
Authors: Lau R. M. , Hankins M. J. , Schödel R. , Sanchez-Bermudez J. , Moffat A. F. J. , Ressler M. E.
Published: January 2017

We present high spatial resolution mid-infrared images of the nebula around the late-type carbon-rich Wolf–Rayet (WC)–OB binary system WR 112 taken by the recently upgraded VLT spectrometer and imager for the mid-infrared (VISIR) with the PAH1, Ne ii_2, and Q3 filters. The observations reveal a morphology resembling a series of arc-like filaments and broken shells. Dust temperatures and masses are derived for each of the identified filamentary structures, which exhibit temperatures ranging from

K at the exterior W2 filament to

K in the central 3″. The total dust mass summed over the features is 2.6 ± 0.4 × 10−5
M
⊙. A multi-epoch analysis of mid-IR photometry of WR 112 over the past ∼20 years reveals no significant variability in the observed dust temperature and mass. The morphology of the mid-IR dust emission from WR 112 also exhibits no significant expansion from imaging data taken in 2001, 2007, and 2016, which disputes the current interpretation of the nebula as a high expansion velocity (∼1200 km s−1) “pinwheel”-shaped outflow driven by the central WC–OB colliding-wind binary. An upper limit of ≲120 km s−1 is derived for the expansion velocity assuming a distance of 4.15 kpc. The upper limit on the average total mass-loss rate from the central 3″ of WR 112 is estimated to be ≲8 × 10−6
M
⊙ year−1. We leave its true nature as an open question, but propose that the WR 112 nebula may have formed in the outflow during a previous red or yellow supergiant phase of the central Wolf–Rayet star.
The role of Mincle in innate immune to fungal keratitis
Authors: Zhao Guiqiu , Xu Qiang , Lin Jing , Chen Wenjun , Cui Tingting , Hu Liting , Jiang Nan
Published: January 2017

Introduction: This study aimed to detect the early expression of macrophage-inducible C-type lectin (Mincle) and investigate its role in the innate immune response of fungal keratitis (FK). Methodology: Wistar rats were used to make fungal keratitis models. The inflammatory responses and corneal lesions were observed by slit-lamp microscope.RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence were used to detect the expression of Mincle in the rat corneal epithelium. The expression of eight cytokines (CXCL1, CXCL2, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, CCL2, CCL3) were detected by real-time RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Lastly, corneal epithelium of 54 patients with Aspergillus fumigatus keratitis and 13 ocular trauma patients were collected to detect expression of Mincle by real-time RT-PCR, and 12 FK and 10 ocular trauma paraffin samples were collected to confirm expression of Mincle by immunohistochemistry. Results: The expression of Mincle was significantly upregulated at 4, 8, 16, and 24 hours after fungal infection. There were significant differences in the expression of the eight inflammatory cytokines between the blank control group and the fungus-infected group. Mincle expression was correlated with the expression of TNF-a, IL-1β, IL-10, and CCL3 in the cornea. The mRNA expressions of Mincle in the corneas of both normal and FK patients were significantly different. Conclusions: The expression of Mincle increases significantly during the early period of Aspergillus fumigatus infection, while expression of eight corresponding cytokines changes. Mincle, as a pattern recognition receptor, may play a role in the early innate immune response of the corneal resistance against fungus.
Osteoarticular and soft-tissue melioidosis in Malaysia: clinical characteristics and molecular typing of the causative agent
Authors: Zueter AbdelRahman Mohammad , Abumarzouq Mahmoud , Yusof Mohd Imran , Wan Ismail Wan Faisham , Harun Azian
Published: January 2017

Introduction: Melioidosis involving bone, joints, and soft tissue is rare and reported usually following dissemination of disease from infection elsewhere in the body; to a lesser degree, it can also be reported as the primary manifestation of melioidosis. Methodology: The orthopedic registry at Hospital University Sains Malaysia from 2008 until 2014 was retrospectively reviewed and was followed by molecular typing of Burkholderia pseudomallei. Results: Out of 20 cases identified, 19 patients were confirmed to have osteoarticular and/or soft-tissue melioidosis. The majority of the patients were males (84%), and 16 patients had underlying diabetes mellitus with no significant estimated risk with the disease outcomes. Bacterial genotype was not associated with the disease as a risk. Death was a significant outcome in patients with bacteremic infections (p = 0.044). Conclusion: Patients with lung or skin melioidosis require careful treatment follow-up to minimize the chance for secondary osteoarticular infection. Human risk factors remain the leading predisposing factors for melioidosis. Early laboratory and clinical diagnosis and acute-phase treatment can decrease morbidity and mortality.
Phylogenetic and nucleotide sequence analysis of influenza A (H1N1) HA and NA genes of strains isolated from Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al-Qahtani Ahmed Ali , Mubin Muhammad , Dela Cruz Damian M. , Althawadi Sahar Isa , Ul Rehman Muhammad Shah Nawaz , Bohol Marie Fe F. , Al-Ahdal Mohammed N.
Published: January 2017

Introduction: In early 2009, a novel influenza A (H1N1) virus appeared in Mexico and rapidly disseminated worldwide. Little is known about the phylogeny and evolutionary dynamics of the H1N1 strain found in Saudi Arabia. Methodology: Nucleotide sequencing and bioinformatics analyses were used to study molecular variation between the virus isolates. Results: In this report, 72 hemagglutinin (HA) and 45 neuraminidase (NA) H1N1 virus gene sequences, isolated in 2009 from various regions of Saudi Arabia, were analyzed. Genetic characterization indicated that viruses from two different clades, 6 and 7, were circulating in the region, with clade 7, the most widely circulating H1N1 clade globally in 2009, being predominant. Sequence analysis of the HA and NA genes revealed a high degree of sequence identity with the corresponding genes from viruses circulating in the South East Asia region and with the A/California/7/2009 strain. New mutations in the HA gene of pandemic H1N1 (pH1N1) viruses, that could alter viral fitness, were identified. Relaxed-clock and Bayesian Skyline Plot analyses, based on the isolates used in this study and closely related globally representative strains, indicated marginally higher substitution rates than the type strain (5.14×10-3 and 4.18×10-3 substitutions/nucleotide/year in the HA and NA genes, respectively). Conclusions: The Saudi isolates were antigenically homogeneous and closely related to the prototype vaccine strain A/California/7/2009. The antigenic site of the HA gene had acquired novel mutations in some isolates, making continued monitoring of these viruses vital for the identification of potentially highly virulent and drug resistant variants.
Attributes of Effective Transition to Practice Program Leaders
Authors: Mallory Cheryl , Franqueiro Tammy
Published: January 2017

Providing management and support for nurse transition programs requires strong leadership. This article identifies the key knowledge, skills, and attitudes that leaders of nurse residency programs should possess to ensure that the residency achieves program and organizational goals.

J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2017;48(2):57–59.
Data: Big and Small
Authors: Jones-Schenk Jan
Published: January 2017

Big data is a big topic in all leadership circles. Leaders in professional development must develop an understanding of what data are available across the organization that can inform effective planning for forecasting. Collaborating with others to integrate data sets can increase the power of prediction. Big data alone is insufficient to make big decisions. Leaders must find ways to access small data and triangulate multiple types of data to ensure the best decision making.

J Contin Educ Nurs.
2017;48(2):60–61.
Guide Map for Preserving Remaining Ability of Nursing Home Residents With Physical-Cognitive Functional Decline
Authors: Kim HyunJu , Kim Su Jin , Kim Mi So , Choi Jung Eun , Chang Sung Ok
Published: January 2017

As the population ages, preserving the remaining ability of residents is emphasized in nursing homes. Establishing the nursing knowledge of nursing home–specific practice should be included in the continuing education of new nursing home nurses. This study developed a practical guide map for preserving the remaining ability of nursing home residents by analyzing 144 residents' case data pertaining to the nursing care provided by 19 nurses skilled in nursing homes, as well as conducting a literature review. From the collected data, 236 nursing diagnoses were given to the 144 cases. As the residents' physical conditions and psychosocial characteristics were linked with the nursing process, various steps were needed to plan the nursing process of preserving the remaining ability of nursing home residents. This practical guide map will be useful for new nurses in nursing homes to improve the quality care of elderly residents.

J Contin Educ Nurs.
2017;48(2):73–80.
Managing Professional and Nurse–Patient Relationship Boundaries in Mental Health
Authors: Valente Sharon M.
Published: January 2017

Caring nurse–patient relationships in mental health settings are key components in helping patients recover. These professional relationships provide a safe, trustworthy, reliable, and secure foundation for therapeutic interactions; however, nurses face challenges in setting and maintaining relationship boundaries. Although patients ask for special privileges, romantic interactions, and social media befriending, or offer expensive gifts, nurses must recognize that these boundary violations may erode trust and harm patients. These violations may also trigger discipline for nurses. Professional relationship guidelines must be applied with thoughtful consideration, and nurses must monitor their emotions and reactions in these relationships. The current article is a sharing of personal experiences about boundaries augmented by evidence in the literature, and focuses on managing potential boundary violations (i.e., social media, sexuality, over-involvement, and gift giving) in mental health settings. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services
,
55
(1), 45–51.]
Logiques paysannes, production agricole et lutte contre les ravageurs des cultures à Salcedo dans les Andes équatoriennes : stratégies individuelles ou collectives ?
Authors: Rebaï Nasser , Rebaudo François , Rebotier Julien , Dangles Olivier
Published: January 2017

En Équateur, le débat sur l’avenir de l’agriculture familiale demeure important en raison de la vulnérabilité des communautés paysannes, en particulier dans la région andine, et d’une situation alimentaire encore préoccupante en milieu rural. Dans ce contexte, la lutte contre les ravageurs des cultures, identifiée par la FAO comme une priorité pour réduire efficacement l’insécurité alimentaire des agriculteurs dans les Suds, apparaît comme un défi de taille pour les communautés paysannes de la sierra équatorienne. Toutefois, le succès de cette lutte reste pour le moment limité en raison d’une faible coordination des pratiques agricoles entre agriculteurs. En s’appuyant sur un travail de terrain réalisé dans la province du Cotopaxi, cet article propose, en premier lieu, de mener une réflexion sur les déterminants du manque d’action collective contre les ravageurs des cultures. Puis, en second lieu, d’ouvrir une discussion sur le besoin d’une plus grande collaboration entre sciences du vivant et sciences sociales afin d’envisager des stratégies plus efficaces pour renforcer la coordination des agriculteurs dans la lutte contre les ravageurs des cultures, et d’améliorer ainsi leur sécurité alimentaire.
An Initial Examination into the Associative Nature of Systems Concepts
Authors: Thomas Charles E. , Walstrom Kent A.
Published: January 2017

Systems thinking is the application of general system theory to problem solving. The concepts of general system theory are foundational in the field of Information Systems, especially information systems analysis and design. It has been stated that the principles underlying systems thinking are extremely intuitive (Senge, 1990). This study examined the intuitive nature of basic system theory constructs. Some system theory constructs are more intuitive than others. The constructs of Input and Output were found to be more intuitive than the constructs of Relationship and Boundary. The constructs of Component and Interface were not intuitive. In an introductory exposure to systems constructs, respondents were able to identify, on average, 2.5 out of 6 constructs correctly.
Use Team Building to Make the Most of Your Public-Private Partnerships
Authors: Negron Martin
Published: January 2017

Disaster response is a team effort that begins long before any disaster happens. Teams and work group dynamics have been studied by organizational theorists for decades. It is important to recognize and understand the differences and similarities between teams and work groups in order to most effectively use all teams and all team members in all phases of emergency management, particularly in disaster response. This chapter explores how this differentiation, the distinctive features of work groups and teams, can be used in different places and different phases of response to enhance the efficacy of emergency management. And, because public-private partnerships have played and will play an increasingly vital role within emergency management, this chapter discusses how to use the foundation provided by organizational theorists to make the most of public-private partnerships. This chapter discusses how to exploit differences, draw them out, and use them to enhance the response to incidents.
Transdisciplinary Science and Technology and Service Systems
Authors: Funabashi Motohisa
Published: January 2017

Systems engineering has a long history with myriads of successful accomplishments. Systems thinking and engineering methodologies are reviewed in this chapter and are reorganized for service systems engineering. The effectiveness and significance of the reorganized methodology is demonstrated in an exemplary problem on service system conceptualization that is widely required to attain a sustainable society. The reorganized systems engineering methodology leads to a new systems science that is emerging (i.e., transdisciplinary science and technology).
Adopting Balance Score Card in Higher Education
Authors: Baporikar Neeta
Published: January 2017

Education enhances knowledge base of the nation. It plays a vital role in development. Emerging global trends, new economic challenges and rapid growth of information technology has enlarged the focus on education making analyzing and assessing simultaneously several areas of performance essential and crucial. If Balance Score Card used by organizations to achieve excellence, is adopted in higher education by universities and higher educational institutions academic excellence could be attained. In addition, it can help them to utilize intangible assets more efficiently, ensure future growth and link long-term strategic planning to short-term, tactical actions. Adopting it would also provide a strong linkage between financial and operational measures, internal processes improvement and innovation activities. Thus, through in-depth literature review and grounded theory the aim of this paper is to give an overview of Balance Score Card, discuss its adoption in higher education by universities and higher education institutions.
Social Media Performance Measurement
Authors: Greve Goetz
Published: January 2017

Today, companies are turning to social media as a source of marketing information. Comments posted on social network sites, tweets, and blogs provide a wealth of data for the improvement of marketing decision making. Thus, marketers are greatly interested in how marketing activities can affect certain social media metrics and to what extent each drives business performance. The purpose of the chapter is to elaborate on the performance outcomes of social media activities and the possibility to use data from these networks for marketing information systems. Thus, the chapter discusses the theoretical foundations of social media and develops dimensions for social media performance measurement. In addition, the integration of social media performance measurement into a marketing information system is discussed and implementation issues are critically evaluated. The chapter closes with an outline of further research directions and a conclusion.
Stereo Vision-Based Object Matching, Detection, and Tracking
Authors: Saifuddin Mohamed , Yeong Lee Seng , Phooi Seng Kah , Li-Minn Ang
Published: January 2017

Computer vision has become very important in recent years. It is no longer restricted to a single camera that is only capable of capturing a single image at any given time. In its place, stereo vision systems have been introduced that not only make use of dual cameras to capture multiple images at once, but they also simulate the exact same nature of the human eye vision. Stereo vision has turned out to be an important research component in the subdivision of computer vision and image processing that deals with the extraction of information from images for the purpose of video surveillance systems, mimicking the human vision for the visually impaired, for robotics, to control unmanned vehicles, for security purposes, virtual reality and 3 Dimensional (3D) televisions, etc. In this chapter, a comprehensive review of all recent algorithms such as stereo matching, object detection, tracking techniques for stereo vision are presented.
Applying Agility and Living Service Systems Thinking to Enterprise Architecture
Authors: Gill Asif Qumer
Published: January 2017

Adaptive enterprise architecture capability plays an important role in enabling complex enterprise transformations. One of the key challenges when establishing an adaptive enterprise architecture capability is identifying the enterprise context and the scope of the enterprise architecture. The objective of this paper is to develop and present an adaptive enterprise service system (AESS) conceptual model, which is a part of The Gill Framework for Adaptive Enterprise Service Systems. This model has been developed using a “Design Research” approach. The AESS conceptual model assimilates agility, service, and living systems thinking (following multi-agent system modelling) for describing and analyzing the enterprise context and scope for establishing an adaptive enterprise architecture capability. The target audience of this AESS model driven approach includes both, enterprise architecture researchers and practitioners.
Data Visualization
Authors: Palaniappan Ravishankar
Published: January 2017

Data visualization has the potential to aid humanity not only in exploring and analyzing large volume datasets but also in identifying and predicting trends and anomalies/outliers in a “simple and consumable” approach. These are vital to good and timely decisions for business advantage. Data Visualization is an active research field, focusing on the different techniques and tools for qualitative exploration in conjunction with quantitative analysis of data. However, an increase in volume, multivariate, frequency, and interrelationships of data will make the data visualization process notoriously difficult. This necessitates “innovative and iterative” display techniques. Either overlooking any dimensions/relationships of data structure or choosing an unfitting visualization method will quickly lead to a humanitarian uninterpretable “junk chart,” which leads to incorrect inferences or conclusions. The purpose of this chapter is to introduce the different phases of data visualization and various techniques which help to connect and empower data to mine insights. It exemplifies on how “data visualization” helps to unravel the important, meaningful, and useful insights including trends and outliers from real world datasets, which might otherwise be unnoticed. The use case in this chapter uses both simulated and real-world datasets to illustrate the effectiveness of data visualization.
Performance Measurement
Authors: Grover Neha
Published: January 2017

The purpose of this chapter is to study what supply chain managers of a retail supply chain measure. In other words aim here to identify the key indicators for measuring retail supply chain performance. A qualitative approach is adopted. Published literature from refereed journals on supply chain performance measurement has been considered. Besides the need for organizations to adopt a holistic approach, firms remain focused on traditional financial measures (gross profit margin, Interest coverage, and debt and equity ratios). The chapter identifies key indicators for performance measurement and classifies them into four major categories: transport optimization, information technology optimization, inventory optimization and resource optimization. These key indicators are arranged precisely for retail industry. From a supply chain perspective, the non financial measures such as on-time delivery, training of employees, warehouse layout, etc. are also important aspects of measuring supply chain performance. Further research can be carried out to validate the relevance and applicability of identified indicators. The study can be further conducted to measure the interrelationships between the KPIs and their impact on financial performance of the firm. In this chapter the author attempts to identify the performance indicators specifically for retail supply chain. The identified measures are further categorized based on its operations.
Leverage Healthcare Data Assets with Predictive Analytics
Authors: Wickramasinghe Nilmini , Moghimi Hoda , Schaffer Jonathan L.
Published: January 2017

Multi-spectral data residing in disparate data bases represents a critical raw asset for today's healthcare organizations (). However, in order to gain maximum value from such data, it is essential to apply prudent technology solutions and tailored analytic techniques. The following chapter proposes how the application of bespoke predictive analytic tools and techniques can be designed and then applied to a hospital data warehouse, called the Hospital Casemix Protocol (HCP) Extended data set, in order to improve decision efficiency in the private healthcare sector in Australia. The main objective of this chapter is to present the developed conceptual model to demonstrate inputs, outputs, components, principles and services of predictive analytics for private hospitals.
3rd Order Analytics Demand Planning
Authors: McCormick Keith , Creeth Richard , Mutchler Scott
Published: January 2017

It is commonly proposed that a greater number of individuals should have access to enterprise-level data, and that they should be able to analyze it readily and individually with data mining tools. Although the authors support greater use of Predictive Analytics by the enterprise, they favor more ready access to predictions, not to raw data. Forecasting is among the more difficult analytical challenges. Despite the importance of accurate forecasts, organizations often resort to the subjective judgment of a business analyst. Forecasts are also among the most widely used analytics, broadly distributed to the organization. The authors propose an approach that centralizes the forecasting activity using Predictive Analytics but preserves the wide distribution of the resulting forecast using Business Intelligence technology.
3D Modeling for Environmental Informatics
Authors: Zhang Xiaozheng , Gao Yongsheng
Published: January 2017

3D modeling plays an important role in the field of computer vision and image processing. It provides a convenient tool set for many environmental informatics tasks, such as taxonomy and species identification. This chapter discusses a novel way of building the 3D models of objects from their varying 2D views. The appearance of a 3D object depends on both the viewing directions and illumination conditions. What is the set of images of an object under all viewing directions? In this chapter, a novel image representation is proposed, which transforms any n-pixel image of a 3D object to a vector in a 2n-dimensional pose space. In such a pose space, it is proven that the transformed images of a 3D object under all viewing directions form a parametric manifold in a 6-dimensional linear subspace. With in-depth rotations along a single axis in particular, this manifold is an ellipse. Furthermore, it is shown that this parametric pose manifold of a convex object can be estimated from a few images in different poses and used to predict object's appearances under unseen viewing directions. These results immediately suggest a number of approaches to object recognition, scene detection, and 3D modeling, applicable to environmental informatics. Experiments on both synthetic data and real images were reported, which demonstrates the validity of the proposed representation.
Fuzzy Adaptive Controller for Uncertain Multivariable Nonlinear Systems with Both Sector Nonlinearities and Dead-Zones
Authors: Boulkroune Abdesselem
Published: January 2017

This chapter presents two fuzzy adaptive variable structure controllers for a class of uncertain multi-input multi-output nonlinear systems with actuator nonlinearities (i.e. with sector nonlinearities and dead-zones). The design of the first controller concerns systems with symmetric and positive definite control-gain matrix, while the design of the second one is extended to the case of non-symmetric control-gain matrix thanks to an appropriate matrix decomposition, namely the product of a symmetric positive-definite matrix, a diagonal matrix with diagonal entries +1 or -1, and a unity upper triangular matrix. An appropriate adaptive fuzzy-logic system is used to reasonably approximate the uncertain functions. A Lyapunov approach is adopted to derive the parameter adaptation laws and prove the stability of the closed-loop control system. Finally, some simulation results are carried out to show the effectiveness of the proposed controllers.
Interactive Data Visualization Techniques Applied to Healthcare Decision Making
Authors: Zhu Zhecheng , Hoon Heng Bee , Teow Kiok-Liang
Published: January 2017

Data visualization techniques are widely applied in all kinds of organizations, turning tables of numbers into visualizations for discovery, information communication, and knowledge sharing. Data visualization solutions can be found everywhere in healthcare systems from hospital operations monitoring and patient profiling to demand projection and capacity planning. In this chapter, interactive data visualization techniques are discussed and their applications to various aspects of healthcare systems are explored. Compared to static data visualization techniques, interactive ones allow users to explore the data and find the insights themselves. Four case studies are given to illustrate how interactive data visualization techniques are applied in healthcare: summary and overview, information selection and filtering, patient flow visualization, and geographical and longitudinal analyses. These case studies show that interactive data visualization techniques expand the boundary of data visualization as a pure presentation tool and bring certain analytical capability to support better healthcare decision making.
Predictive Analytics in Operations Management
Authors: Jain Harsh , Pal Amrit , Kumar Manish
Published: January 2017

Operations management is a field of management which emphasizes on managing the day to day operations of business organizations. These organizations possess a huge amount of data which needs to be analysed for proper functioning of business. This large amount of data keeps some useful information hidden inside it, which needs to be uncovered. This information can be retrieved using predictive analytics techniques, which predict the patterns hidden inside the data. This data is heterogeneous, processing of such huge amount of data creates challenges for the existing technologies. MapReduce is very efficient in processing this huge amount of data. In the field of operation management, data needs to be processed efficiently, so it is highly required to process data using parallel computing framework due to its large size. This chapter covers different techniques of predictive analytics based on MapReduce framework which helps in implementing the techniques on a parallel framework.
Price Determination in Public Offering and Evaluation Methods
Authors: Hacıoğlu Ümit , Dinçer Hasan , Akça Zuhal
Published: January 2017

The latest financial situation in capital markets in advanced economies, emerging markets, and the Euro zone illustrates that volatility and risks related to global economic activity and global financial markets have impact on local capital markets and directly affects the value of company stocks even though an investor diversified his/her risk by investing in a portfolio. The initial public offering process, performance evaluation methods, and price determination became key factors for companies and investors. In this chapter, advantages and disadvantages of IPO, pricing methods and performance evaluation methods are assessed.
Risk-Centric Performance Measurement
Authors: Plumery Richard Carl
Published: January 2017

This chapter will discuss methods for managing risk through the use of a risk-centric performance management approach. The author will describe the research and analytics that led to a better understanding of how and why realized risks persist in preventing project success despite our evolved knowledge, systems and tools. This chapter will address the fact that bureaucratic and sluggish systems using trailing indicators often elongate the discovery of and may conflate the underlying project issues to be addressed. The author will demonstrate it is imperative to minimize any time lag in identifying trends and acutely focus on risk drivers to increase the chance for a successful project outcome. The point will be made that our forensic-based project performance measurement systems are no longer effective in today's environment of increasingly complex fast-track projects. Tackling the challenge of gaining better value from capital project delivery performance management systems is the primary goal of this work.
Object Classification and Tracking in Real Time
Authors: Das Amlan Jyoti , Saikia Navajit , Sarma Kandarpa Kumar
Published: January 2017

Algorithms for automatic processing of visual data have been a topic of interest since the last few decades. Object tracking and classification methods are highly demanding in vehicle traffic control systems, surveillance systems for detecting unauthorized movement of vehicle and human, mobile robot applications, animal tracking, etc. There are still many challenging issues while dealing with dynamic background, occlusion, etc. in real time. This chapter presents an overview of various existing techniques for object detection, classification and tracking. As the most important requirements of tracking and classification algorithms are feature extraction and selection, different feature types are also included.
Building and Analyzing of Enterprise Network
Authors: Wang Liqiang , Liu Shijun , Pan Li , Wu Lei , Meng Xiangxu
Published: January 2017

Social business moves beyond linear, process-driven organizations to create new, dynamic, networked businesses that focus on customer value. Enterprise network (EN) is used to support social business by maximizing current and future opportunities and facilitate network-enabled processes, which can lead to value co-creation. EN is a multi-level hypergraph model with enterprises, employees, products and other related entities. In this paper the authors refine the EN model and present the foundation of EN to support social businesses. Then they introduce a case study on China automobile supply network (CASN). For the similarity with social networks, they verify power-law and small world theories in EN with statistical results on this data set. These theories are fitful in EN, but some new characteristics exist. The structure of EN consists of star-shaped clusters and the authors extract ego networks taking suppliers and manufacturers as the ego respectively. With the structure and distribution features of EN, they present the enterprise business similarity analysis method based on common-neighbors. And they also introduce the tentative work to detect Dunbar circles in EN. To analyze the data in a more intuitional and effective way, the authors use some data visualization tools to process the data in EN.
Big Data Analytics in Mobile and Cloud Computing Environments
Authors: Rehman Muhammad Habib ur , Khan Atta ur Rehman , Batool Aisha
Published: January 2017

Multiple properties of big mobile data, namely volume, velocity, variety, and veracity make the big data analytics process a challenging task. It is desired that mobile devices initially process big data before sending it to big data systems to reduce the data complexity. However, the mobile devices have recourse constraints, and the challenge of processing big mobile data on mobile devices requires further exploration. This chapter presents a thorough discussion about mobile computing systems and their implication for big data analytics. It presents big data analytics with different perspectives involving descriptive, predictive, and prescriptive analytical methods. Moreover, the chapter presents a detailed literature review on mobile and cloud based big data analytics systems, and highlights the future application areas and open research issues that are relevant to big data analytics in mobile cloud environments. Lastly, the chapter provides some recommendations regarding big data processing, quality improvement, and complexity optimization.
Integrated Traffic Management Using Data from Traffic, Asset Conditions, Energy and Emissions
Authors: Böhm Thomas , Lackhove Christoph , Meyer zu Hörste Michael
Published: January 2017

The traffic management is the core of the railway operations control technology. It receives the timetable information as a target definition and advises the command control and signaling systems to execute the rail traffic. Hence the traffic management system (TMS) has to take into account many sources of requests towards the traffic operation e.g. coming from the maintenance planning or the power supply system and to optimize the operation with respect to many criteria as e.g. punctuality, energy consumption, capacity and infrastructure wear. This chapter shows the sources of information for the TMS as well the resulting criteria. The final approach to configure a specific has to be done with respect to a specific application.
Nonprofit Fundraising Transformation through Analytics
Authors: Vequist IV David George
Published: January 2017

The authors present the experiences of a professor and a team of students who found that social media and predictive analytics go hand-in-hand when designing effective marketing campaigns (in this case, fundraising for a community of nonprofit organizations). The students of a medium-sized southwestern private university assisted a large southwestern city with the social media marketing efforts for the city's first Big Give fundraising. The organizers then told the students that the internal goal for the 24-hour event was $1.5 million USD. The campaign resulted in 21,361 gifts made for a grand total of $2,095,606.50 USD (approximately 40% greater than was forecasted). It was estimated by the organizers that the most significant contributing factor to the greater performance of the campaign was the social media efforts of the students. The average number of donations raised by the 467 organizations that participated was 45.52 for an overall average of $3,527.09 USD.
Assessing Organisational KM Performance Based on the Criteria of Total Quality Management
Authors: Pun Kit Fai , Yiu Man Yin Rebecca
Published: January 2017

Recent literature gives much prominence to emerging performance measurement (PM) systems for assessing performance in organisations. A major question for management is how well these systems support the core business functions and operations of organisations on one hand. Knowledge management (KM) has been gaining momentum as the means toward organisational survival and growth on the other hand. Measures of KM performance are thus to validate the effectiveness of KM/PM practices. This paper comprehends the concepts of integrating KM with PM, and in short, KM performance measures in organisations. It reviews the issues that surround KM/PM initiatives and discusses the assessment criteria that integrate the philosophy and the principles of total quality management (TQM) with KM performance measures. It then identifies five areas of KM/PM enablers and/or attributes, namely 1) Senior management leadership, 2) Management by processes, 3) People development, 4) Continuous improvement, and 5) Results orientation. The concepts and substances reviewed are important to measure organisational KM performance. They are used as key inputs to the development of a proposed model for integrating KM and PM efforts in organisations so as to attain performance improvement. It is anticipated that future research could evaluate the efficacy of the IKM model, validate the key KM/PM criteria, and develop an implementation framework to foster the KM/PM efforts in organisations in different sectors.