bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The selection of Islamic capitals: causes and motives
Authors: Athary Ibraheam Alshuaibi Athary Ibraheam Alshuaibi
Published: January 2020

Choosing a capital for any country or nation is a key factor in its organizational and economical composition. It also gives an impression about its social status and political vision. Most of the motives in choosing a capital for any country are usually unannounced. Researchers have to study that and link it to previous and next events to fully understand the reasons for choosing the capital of any nation. There were many states which ruled and led the Islamic nation world-wide or region-wide. Each of these states had a new capital usually made by them and different from the states before them. This process requires searching and studying from researchers for the motives of choosing the capital of any state. It also needs to be analyzed to discover the common reasons in choosing a capital in these states. For these reasons this study came to discuss the motives and to identify the common factors in choosing the capitals for the Islamic states. As a result, the researcher chose four capitals as a selected sample for the main Islamic caliphates and countries. These capitals are: Kufa, Damascus, Baghdad, and Cairo. The researcher divided the paper into four major parts, and tried through that to study the advantages of these capitals in different areas. These areas are : geography, strategy, military, politics, and economy. The researcher ended the paper with a conclusion which discussed the main results. Overall, the results show that the geographic factor is the most important reason in choosing a capital. Self-sufficiency in economic and food supply was also essential in choosing a capital so the capital does not require any help or support in general. The rulers did not ignore to choose a capital which is a center for their supporters or at least close to them. So, it is clear that choosing the Islamic capitals was done with a lot of efforts and planning. There were some basic features in choosing the capital which gave these states: political strength, and provided military, and economic importance to these states which allowed the capital to stay strong and thriving for long periods. key words: Islamic history - Islamic capitals - Islamic civilization.
Oral History of the City of Jeddah in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Century: An Analytical Documentary Study
Authors: Dr..Hassna Al Ghamdi Dr..Hassna Al Ghamdi
Published: January 2020

The oral history of cities and communities is one of the most important means for the historical writing of political, economic and cultural developments, as well as documenting the social transformations taking place in societies. The fact is that Jeddah is one of the most important cities in the Muslim World due to its geographical location and economic role, and that it is adjacent to the city of Mecca, the holiest city in Islam that all Muslims have a spiritual connection with. Paying attention to its oral history is one of the most important priorities for historians and intellectuals, especially with the apparent lack of historical writing on the city, and the existence of many gaps to be filled by further research and investigation. The study aims to collect and highlight all efforts made to cover the oral history of Jeddah, including previous studies on the city as well as presenting ideas for future studies. The study used an analytical survey methodology to cover all published works on the oral history of Jeddah. The researcher concluded a number assessments and recommendations that would be of a help to researchers and historians interested in documenting and chronicling the events and interactions of daily life and culture in the city of Jeddah.
Psychological felony of the patient and the impact of his illness on criminal responsibility
Authors: DR.Dhaifallah Amer Saeed Alahehri DR.Dhaifallah Amer Saeed Alahehri
Published: January 2020

People ability varies mentally and psychologically. Consequently, it is islamically unfair to penalize them equally in the case of committing criminal offenses. The aim of the current study is to clarify the judgment of psychiatric patients in the case of committing criminal offenses such as those cause death or harm a part of the body and whether these criminal offenses are committed on themselves or on other people.
Deletion in vocative style
Authors: Abdullah alsulami Abdullah alsulami
Published: January 2020

Linking scientific disciplines is very essential particularly in the field of linguistic studies such linking will help understanding what's behind words reganling grammatical rules. Nothing can explain these rules better then than the context that shows different factors affecting speakers and listeners. Therefore, integration between grammatical rules and psychology is more important relationship between grammar and psychological aspects of the adrsser. In their view, the sewtence is not governed only by syntactic and morphological rules.
The situation aspect and its issues in Arabic grammar
Authors: Abdulrahman Hassan Abdulrahman Hassan
Published: January 2020

This study presents a literature review to how Arabic descriptive grammar describes what is called in linguistics *situation aspect* Though one would realize there are some findings in the grammar under different morphological and syntactic categories, this issue did not receive a considerable attention as a separate topic. Therefore, this study aims to present the state-of-the art and further investigate this issue in terms of its consequences on morphological and syntactic description of Arabic.
The grammatical predilection of the narrated recitation over irregular recitation
Authors: Abdulaziz Homeed Aljohani Abdulaziz Homeed Aljohani
Published: January 2020

This paper is about the choosing of irregular Quran recitation over a narrated one based on the grammar rules. The paper focuses on the irregular Quern recitations that were mentioned in the books of the Quaran interpretation and Arabic language and grammar and were chosen by Arabic grammarians over the narrated ones despite their knowledge of the superiority of the latter. These recitations were collected, arranged and studied according to the rules of Arabic syntax, morphology and phenology. The paper concluded by listing the main findings of the study.
Poetics of Cultural Analysis: Antithetical binaries in Um?ra ibn Aq?l's ??diyya
Authors: Dr.Hussain Muhamad Al-Qarni Dr.Hussain Muhamad Al-Qarni
Published: January 2020

This paper examines the application of cultural analysis approach on Arabic poetry, highlighting its points of strength and weakness. It starts with a theoretical framework explaining the principles of cultural reading of literary texts and then analyses a poem by ?Um?ra, chosen because it contains an unusual amount of antithetical binaries at word level, construction and ideas. The aims of the cultural analysis in this paper is to discover the polysystems of the text, to explore the limits of this approach as well as its analytical and hermeneutical potentials and to show its shortcomings. Amongst the findings is that using antithetical binaries was a suitable technique, which served ?Um?ra's porpuse of highlighting paradoxes of his time.
False Friends in Foreign Language Teaching and Learning: Arabic as an Example
Authors: Saleh bin Ayad al - Hagory Saleh bin Ayad al - Hagory
Published: January 2020

This research aims at discussing the false friends in teaching and learning Arabic. This is shown by means of a theoretical approach which explicates the false friends concept origin, and types . It also presents the western implication of the false friends, their origin in the languages, as well as their influence upon teaching and learning a language. The research then presents an applied approach of those false friends in five languages, compared to the Arabic language, namely: Urdu, Indonesian, Turkish, Malay, and Hosa based on the analytical descriptive approach. The false friends are mostly common among languages that have relationship –or from the same language family- and are less common in the diverged languages. Furthermore, false friends emerged as a result of borrowing among languages, by hairing an effect on teaching Arabic to non-native speakers of Arabic in five languages.
Impact of the Applied Program for Positive Communication Skills between university students and Parents Applied study on preparatory year students in King Abdulaziz University
Authors: Dr.Fuad bin Sadaqah bin Mohammed Merdad Dr.Fuad bin Sadaqah bin Mohammed Merdad
Published: January 2020

The interaction between parents and university students is demolishing in a very noticeable manner, with the researcher's observation during his interaction with university students as well as communicating through social platforms, a need to create and launch a practical program that enhances positive communication skills between university students and their parents increased. This study aimed to uncover the effectiveness of an applied program to contribute positive communication skills between preparatory year students in King Abdul Aziz University (KAU) and their parents through a "communication skills course". The study sample consisted of 140 students in the preparatory year taking Communication Skills Course during the first semester of 1438/2017. The researcher applied the experimental method due to its appropriateness for such studies. After comparing the collected data according to statistical tools, the study concluded positive results for the program by a significant increase in students' communication skills with their parents in the program's three sectors: speech, listening and public communication skills.
The Self March between (Motherland) and (Ego) in “in lam ….fa man” by Khalid Al-Faisal Applied Reading for Aesthetic reception
Authors: Raniah Mohamed Shareef Alaradhawi Raniah Mohamed Shareef Alaradhawi
Published: January 2020

This study presents an applayed critical view, through the Receiving Theory. It aimes to highlight the movement of the Subject in (in lam… fa man..!!?) by Khaled Al-Fai?al. For this movement of the subject in this book is based on two poles; Home and I, the purpose of this study is to investegate the harmony beauty between this movement and the threshold in the text. Moreover, this study seeks to explore the extent to which the enternal and external threshold can role the changes of the subject in the text. It concludes that this text does not enjoy the charactertics of biography genre.
The Effectiveness of Non-class Activity in the Development of Language Skills for Non - Arabic Speakers
Authors: Khalid Mohammed Hussain Alyobi Khalid Mohammed Hussain Alyobi
Published: January 2020

The modern applied language lesson gives extracurricular activity in language learning programs and curricula great attention as an important learning strategy. The practices and applications have proven the effectiveness of non-class activity in developing language learning in order to realize communication and interaction. This practices make learners in direct contact with natural language users in real society culture, and facilitate improving their language communication skills. The research discussed the importance of non-descriptive activity in terms of achieving the principle of linguistic cultural immersion and the concept of community service learning, which has been proven to improve the language skills of learners, the factors affecting its effectiveness, and clarify some applications of the four language skills.
The Acquisition of Arabic scrambling dative structures by English learners
Authors: Anwar Saad Al-Jadani Anwar Saad Al-Jadani
Published: January 2020

This paper represents an empirical study to investigate the ability of L2 learners to acquire structures that are not allowed by their L1 grammar. An experiment was made with 40 native speakers of English majoring at two proficiency levels: pre-intermediate and upper-intermediate. These participants completed written judgment tasks, which included 24 scrambling dative sentences, to judge their grammaticality in Arabic. The collected data was discussed based on the Full-Transfer/ Full Access approach and the Feature Reassembly Hypothesis. The statistical analysis showed no significant disparities between native speakers and L2 learners in acquiring L2 structures, which can be indicated as a sign of the fact that L2 learners acquired the structures that are not allowed in their L1.
« La phrase arabe entre la théorie de l’analyse en constituants immédiats de Chomsky et la théorie dépendancielle de Tesnière »
Authors: Rabadi Najib Rabadi Najib
Published: January 2020

Cette recherche étudie les convergences et les divergences dans l'application des courants linguistiques contemporains, (à savoir le modèle de l'Analyse en Constituants Immédiats et le modèle dépendanciel), sur la structure phrastique arabe, exprimée par la phrase verbale et la phrase nominale.Mots-clés : Phrase arabe ; Stemma ; Arbre binaire ; Constituants immédiats ; Syntaxe ;Abstract. This research studies the convergences and divergences in the application of the contemporary language currents (in the model of the Analysis in Immediate Constituents and the dependent model), on the Arabic phrastic structure, expressed by the verbal sentence and the nominal sentenc
The Provision of Financial Penalties Related to the People of the Book in Islamic Countries
Authors: Mazin Abdulaziz Al harthy Mazin Abdulaziz Al harthy
Published: January 2020

The research manifests Islamic justice in every fiat even in the destruction of the soul which ended in the worldly life; but at least it remains for the slain kin to ask for the Dyah; that does not go in vain without satisfying the slain kin, even if killed by mistake. This has an impact on the total elimination of hostilities between people in Islam, even in the fiats beyond human will, like mistaken and intentional killings; so that this Dyah becomes as a reform action and an elimination of hostilities. The research also indicates that The Mighty God ennobles the human soul; indicating that sometimes the Dyah does not cover this sin, but Almighty God must be satisfied with an atonement; in addition to warning people that the infringement of the impeccable human soul without a due, is not a mere right of the guardian of the blood to waive, but angers Almighty God and hence the atonement cannot be dropped even with a free pardon.
Mecca Almukaramah at the beginning of the seventh century AH (13 AD) through Ibn Almugawer's journey (Clairvoyant's History)
Authors: Nawaf Abdul Aziz Al-Jahmah Nawaf Abdul Aziz Al-Jahmah
Published: January 2020

In the two years (625-626 AH) (1227-1228 AD), Ibn Almugawer gave a precise description of Mecca Almukaramah in his era, pointing to the importance of Mecca Almukaramah and its religious rank. The material presented by him is of great importance because it filled a gap in the traveling and geographical information of Mecca Almukaramah at the beginning of the seventh century AH (13 AD), especially since Ibn Almugawer was not just a chatty and a historian, but also a traveler with accurate observation. In view of the importance of the book from the scientific and historical point of view, we have decided to re-consult it, especially to its most documented editions (Oscar Lofgren Verification), to explore its material about Makkah Almukaramah and to vet some of its details and references that reflect an important phase in the history of Mecca Almukaramah, for the paucity of the writing about and the disturbance of the available historical material around it.
Comprehension and awareness of the youth in Saudi Arabia on the Saudi Vision 2030 - Field study on University Students.
Authors: Anmar Hamed Matawi Anmar Hamed Matawi
Published: January 2020

The aim of this study was to know the most significant sources of information that university students throughout The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (King Abdul-Aziz University as a model) get on Saudi Arabia’s 2030 Vision. To achieve that, a questionnaire has been designed to cover several axes: traditional and new media and other information sources such as conferences, seminars and lectures. The research population represented is both male and female, a sample of 150 students randomly selected. The study shows that the main source of information students are gaining from regarding the 2030 vision is through social media, mainly Twitter. The study also found that still, students are getting information from traditional media, mainly TV. The study found that there is a positive conception that exists amongst students on the implementation of the 2030 Vision and its goals being directed equally to all segments of society, as well as the extent of it’s direct impact on the future of the kingdom. In addition, the study also found that the students are very positive towards the new economic plan and believe that oil will no longer be the main source of income for Saudi Arabia by 2030. While those ratios declined significantly when it came to the clarity on the Vision’s goals, it’s necessary that we begin working on clarifying the vision and its objectives even more to all sections of society. Finally, the study also showed that there is a strong correlation between the rate of follow-up students and relying on both traditional and new media to get their information on The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia’s Saudi Vision 2030.
Remodelling Books by Hadith Narrators
Authors: Maessa Ali Rawabdeh Maessa Ali Rawabdeh
Published: January 2020

The study of Hadith has gone through a considerable progress through ages and due to the development of knowledge. The two major processes of authoring and classification of sciences led to the development of other phenomena which are associated with the writing, abridging, ordering, correcting, and reviewing books. One of the most prominent phenomenon is remodelling (re-ordering) parts of the same book. Narrators of Hadith played an important part here. They have provided us with excellent models of books which they have remodeled in a manner different form that used by the original authors of these books. This process of reshaping the form and the structure of the book has produced different ways of studying Hadith and, consequently, new Hadith studies. This paper focuses on the phenomenon of remodelling books written by Hadith narrators, the reasons behind such process, and its advantages. The researcher has studied a number of books in this field which have adopted different methods of remodelling. After analysing them, she has found out that those Hadith narrators were motivated by the desire to make studying Hadith much easier and more fruitful. Also, they wanted to make it easier for the reader to search inside these collections. Furthermore, she has found out that this phenomenon of remodelling these books was not restricted to Hadith narrators. Indeed, many scientists were equally interested; however, Hadith narrators were the ones whose fingerprints were strongly visible.
The structure of narrative discourse in the novel: Saq al-Bamboo
Authors: Hessah Ahmad ALDossary Hessah Ahmad ALDossary
Published: January 2020

Saq al-Bamboo, a novel written by Saud al-San’ousi, is considered a highly artistic work representing literature of the Gulf. It is distinguished by its storytelling techniques and novelty of narrative discourse which make it a suitable work for study. Previous critical studies of the novel focused on its content, especially the theme of social values as seen in the conservative Gulf society which rejects double identity. Thus, this paper will not tackle content and themes; conversely, it will study narrative discourse through analyzing narrative manifestations, storytelling techniques and temporal structure.
The Effect of Wife’s Adultery on Marital Life Comparative Fiqh Study (English Abstract)
Authors: Fatimah Owaid Aljalsi Alharbi Fatimah Owaid Aljalsi Alharbi
Published: January 2020

Praise be to Allah alone, and prayers and peace be upon who we do not have a prophet after him, and on his family and companions. This study examines the effect of marital adultery on the marital Life in terms of the possibility of continuing it. Is it permissible for a husband to have intercourse with the wife after she has committed adultery, or does she have to prepare or recover after adultery? Should the husband divorce her or not? Among the most important findings of the research is that the wife's adultery ( zina) does not invalidate marriage according to the agreement of the four imams, and it is not permissible for the husband to have intercourse with the wife after she has committed adultery(zina) unless she is sure that the uterus is innocent. God knows best and highest. May Allah bless and bestow peace upon our Prophet Muhammad and his family and disciples.
Disparity of Views Concerning (Al-Badie) book by Ibn Al-Moa’taz A Study of Contemporary Researchers' Opinions (English Abstract)
Authors: Abdulla Abdorahman Banqeeb Abdulla Abdorahman Banqeeb
Published: January 2020

Abstract. This research studies the issues related to, Al-Badie book by Ibn Al-Moa’taz, upon which there were opposing opinions by contemporary researchers on how it should be understood. The first part of this research has tackled the issue of classifying this book. Secondly, the research looked at the reasons behind authoring this book. Thirdly, the research has discussed the book's chapters. Finally, our research also studied the Greek influence. This research has concluded that this disparity of views is due to several reasons such as: the book was authored at the beginning stage of Arabic culture shifting from oral mode to writing mode, the nature of the brief language used in this book and the contemporary researchers' academic backgrounds and their various intellectual streams.
The treatise entitled “Al-ashbaah beraf‘ AL-Eshtebah fii ‘elal al-nuhah” (The similarities in removing ambiguity in grammarians’ causes)Muhammad bin Esaa bin Kenan Al-Khalwaty (d. 1135 A. H. )(English Abstract(
Authors: Ahmad Nazzal Alshammari Ahmad Nazzal Alshammari
Published: January 2020

This paper studies one of the valuable and precious treatises in Arabic tradition because of its subject (grammatical causes). Although the subject of the treatise “grammatical causes” is a very important one, we only have received very few books about it. The treatise studied and edited in this paper entitled “Al-ashbaah beraf‘ AL-Eshtebah fii ‘elal al-nohah” (The similarities in removing ambiguity in grammarians’ causes). It is written by Muhammad ben Esaa ben Kenan Al-Khalwaty (d. 1153 A. H. )one of the most Levantine historians. The treatise studied and edited in this paper is about the theoretical side of grammatical causes as it deals with the two categories of grammarians’ causes, the most frequent types of causes, and 25 causes. It gives examples for each one of them. It ends with a speech discussing the scholars who do not consider the grammatical causes and it also differentiates between the causes of grammarians and that of jurists and theologians. The edited text of the treatise is preceded with a study deals with the author and his published and unpublished works. This study investigates the treatise itself as well.
دور وسائل الإعلام الجديد في تعزيز الثقافة المعلوماتية دراسة تطبيقية على طلاب جامعة الملك عبد العزيز بجدة
Authors: عبد الله القحطاني عبد الله القحطاني
Published: January 2020

هدفت الدراسة الحالية إلى التعرف على دور وسائل الإعلام الجديد في تعزيز الثقافة المعلوماتية كما هدفت إلى تحديد طبيعة المعلومات التي يبحث عنها طلاب جامعة الملك عبد العزيز من خلال وسائل الإعلام الجديد، وما هي دوافعهم؟، وأي وسائل الإعلام الجديد الأكثر استخداماً؟، وما هي نوعية المعلومات التي يهتم بها طلاب جامعة الملك عبد العزيز وبالحصول عليها؟ وكيف تؤثر وسائل الإعلام الجديد في تعزيز الثقافة المعلوماتية؟ وكيف يمكن استخدام وسائل الإعلام الجديد في تعزيز الصورة الذهنية عن المملكة عالمياً؟ وتألف مجتمع الدراسة من طلاب وطالبات جامعة الملك عبد العزيز بجدة، وتم اختيار عينة عشوائية بلغت (378) مفردة. وخلصت الدراسة إلى ما يلي: أن طبيعة المعلومات التي يبحث عنها الطلاب والطالبات من خلال وسائل الإعلام الجديد تشمل العديد من الاهتمامات أن أهم دوافع استخدام وسائل الإعلام الجديد معرفة كل ما هو جديد في مختلف المجالات. أن وسائل الإعلام الجديد الأكثر استخداماً على الترتيب التالي: موقع واتس آب، تويتر، يوتيوب. أن الاهتمام الأكبر للحصول على المعلومات كان على الترتيب التالي: المعلومات المحلية، الرياضية، الثقافية، العلمية، التقنية، السياسية. توجد موافقة بدرجة عالية على تأثير وسائل الإعلام الجديد في تعزيز الثقافة المعلوماتية. توجد موافقة بدرجة عالية على تعزيز الصورة الذهنية عن المملكة باستخدام وسائل الإعلام الجديد. وأوصت الدراسة بضرورة أن تكون هناك برامج توعوية للطلاب في كيفية التعامل مع وسائل الإعلام الجديد. وإعطاء المزيد من الاهتمام من قبل الجامعات ومراكز البحث العلمي لدراسة التأثير المحتمل لوسائل الإعلام الجديد خاصة على تشكيل قيم ثقافية جديدة.
الأساليب المعرفيه الإبداعية وعلاقتها بالتمكين النفسي في ضوء بعض المتغيرات الديموجرافية لدى أعضاء هيئة التدريس بجامعة الملك عبد العزيز بجده
Authors: خالد محمد قليوبي خالد محمد قليوبي
Published: January 2020

تهدف الدراسة إلى الكشف عن علاقة الأساليب المعرفية الإبداعية بالتمكين النفسي لدى أعضاء هيئة التدريس بجامعة الملك عبد العزيز بجده، في ضوء بعض المتغيرات الديموجرافية (النوع، الحالة الإجتماعية، التخصص، العمر، الخبره)، وقد تكونت عينة الدراسة من (81) أستاذ جامعي (ذكور- إناث)، من أعضاء هيئة التدريس من مختلف أقسام جامعة الملك عبد العزيز بجده، وقد طبق عليهم مقياس الأساليب المعرفية الإبداعية إعداد (كيرتون) وترجمة (صفاء الأعسر، هبة سري، 1994)، ومقياس التمكين النفسي إعداد (رأفت جميل عكر، 2013)، وقد كشفت النتائج عن وجود علاقة إرتباطية دالة إحصائياً بين الأساليب المعرفية الإبداعية والتمكين النفسي لدى أساتذة الجامعة،كما أسفرت النتائج عن وجود إختلاف في الأساليب المعرفية الإبداعية بصدد متغير (النوع ، الحالة الإجتماعية، التخصص، الخبره) وجميعها دالة عند مستوى دلالة (0.01)، في حين أظهرت النتائج عدم وجود إختلاف في الأساليب المعرفية الإبداعية بصدد متغير (العمر)، وأكدت النتائج أيضاَ على وجود إختلاف التمكين النفسي بصدد متغير (النوع، الحالة الإجتماعية، التخصص)، ولم تظهر النتائج فروق دالة لمتغير (العمر، الخبره) على التمكين النفسي، وأوضحت النتائج وجود فروق دالة بين أسلوبي التفكير المعرفي الإبداعي في إتجاه الأسلوب (التجديدي) لدى عينة الدراسة من أساتذة جامعة الملك عبد العزيز بجده.
Finland
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Published: January 2020

This 2019 Article IV Consultation highlights that Finland’s economy has performed well over the past three years, however, has slowed in 2019. There are some vulnerabilities in household finances, and productivity growth remains weak, with trend growth also constrained by adverse demographics. A new coalition government targets greater social support and inclusion, higher employment, carbon neutrality by 2035, and a balanced budget by 2023. A key challenge is to balance plans to increase spending with the need to maintain fiscal buffers. The fiscal expansion is expected to provide useful cyclical support in the short run, but offsetting measures will be required to ensure the structural balance reaches the government’s medium-term target. The government aims for a substantial increase in employment, but the effectiveness of the proposed wage subsidies is unclear. Alternatively, incentives from tax and benefit schedules could be improved, especially for younger women, older workers, and those out of the workforce. Risks in the banking system remain low overall, but some types of lending are increasing household vulnerabilities. The recent recommendation to limit the ratio of household debt to income is both sensible and in line with steps taken in many other countries.
Putting ‘Justice’ in Recovery Capital: Yarning about Hopes and Futures with Young People in Detention
Authors: Hamilton Sharynne Lee , Maslen Sarah , Best David , Freeman Jacinta , O'Donnell Melissa , Reibel Tracy , Mutch Raewyn , Watkins Rochelle
Published: January 2020

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander young people are over-represented in Australian youth detention centres and the justice system. In contrast to deficit-focused approaches to health and justice research, this article engages with the hopes, relationships and educational experiences of 38 detained youth in Western Australia who participated in a study of screening and diagnosis for fetal alcohol spectrum disorder. We report on a qualitative study that used a ‘social yarning’ approach. While the participants reported lives marred by substance use, crime, trauma and neurodevelopmental disability, they also spoke of strong connections to country and community, their education experiences and their future goals. In line with new efforts for a ‘positive youth justice’ and extending on models of recovery capital, we argue that we must celebrate success and hope through a process of mapping and building recovery capital in the justice context at an individual and institutional level.
An Optimality Analysis of the Morphophonemic Development of Triconsonantal Verbs of Normal Jordanian Speaking Children
Authors: S. Abushunar Majd , S. Mahadin Radwan
Published: January 2020

This study carries out an analysis using the framework of Optimality Theory to investigate the acquisition of the morphophonemics of JA triconsonantal verbs. The analyzed data consist of speech samples obtained from a picture/action naming task as well as spontaneous speech collection. The sample of the study consists of 64 normally developing children who are acquiring spoken Jordanian Arabic as their mother tongue. The participants whose ages range from 2;1 to 6 years are selected randomly from different preschools in two Jordanian cities. The major findings of the study suggest that children overcome the morphological complexity of Arabic verbs by applying a number of processes, including: cluster simplification, glottalization, and truncation. The OT analysis indicates that these processes are associated with highly-ranked markedness constraints and lower-ranked faithfulness constraints in child grammar. In addition, the root/affix asymmetry triggers unmarked patterns to emerge in the affix. Finally, the results display that children’s morphophonological abilities improve with age and that the majority of children’s morphophonological processes disappear at age six years.
Planting Density and Soybean (Glycine max L.) Cultivars Effects on Yield Components in the Amazon
Authors: Sacramento Priscila Pereira , Hungria Letícia Cunha da , El-Husny Jamil Chaar , Freitas Luis De Souza
Published: January 2020

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of planting density and cultivar of soybean on yield components in the southeast Amazon. The experiment was carried out in an Oxisol, with a randomized block design in a 2 x 4 factorial scheme. The treatments were two soybean cultivars (BRS 9090 RR and BRS 8990 RR) and four planting densities (13, 15, 18 and 20 plants m-1), with three replications. First pod insertion height (IFP), plant height (H), number of pods per plant (NPP), grain yield (Y) and weight of 100 grains (W100) were evaluated. The insertion height of the first pod showed a tendency of increase with the increment of plants per linear meter for cultivar BRS 8990 RR, different of the behavior observed for the cultivar BRS 9090 RR, which only showed difference when the density of 300.000 plants ha-1 was tested. For plant height, among soybean cultivars, there was only difference in D400, with BRS 8990 RR showing a maximum height of 83.3 cm, 21% higher than BRS 9090 RR. When evaluated under D350, BRS 8990 RR showed an increase of 13% in the number of pods compared to BRS 9090 RR. Both cultivars showed linear behavior for the grain yield, increasing according the plant population, with the highest grain yield obtained under the density of 400.000 plants ha-1 (4527.3 kg ha-1). The weight of 100 grains was not influenced by any variation factor.
The Translator’s Visibility in Domestication and the Sinhala Translation of ‘The Village in the Jungle’
Authors: Priyantha Gamage Upul , Patrick Makangila Sadi
Published: January 2020

Domestication as a translation strategy has been inevitable in translation either consciously or unconsciously, even though it has been questioned by the opposite regime; foreignization for years. This comparative analysis examined the strategies of domestication applied by A. P. Gunarathne in the Sinhala translation of ‘The Village in the Jungle’ and it has been found out that wide varied strategies within the theory of domestication have been employed in translating this novel into the Sinhala language. Some of them are usual strategies whereas some are unique for this work. The present study further concludes that some kind of a domestication involves in every translation and this translation strategy still remains as an effective and well-intentioned strategy for translators to do effective translations while finding out that the theory of domestication has also been expanded into some micro-level strategies by paying much attention for the local culture of the target language in this translation.
The Singular Voice of Being
Authors: LaZella Andrew T.
Published: January 2020

The Singular Voice of Being: John Duns Scotus and Ultimate Difference reconsiders John Duns Scotus’s well-covered theory of the univocity of being in light of his less explored discussions of ultimate difference. Ultimate difference is a notion introduced by Aristotle and known by the Aristotelian tradition, but one that, the book argues, Scotus radically retrofits to buttress his doctrine of univocity. Ultimate difference for Aristotle meant the last difference in a line of specific differences whereby all the preceding differences would be united into a single substance rather than remain a heapish multiplicity. Scotus both broadens and deepens the term such that, in the end, it comes to resemble its Aristotelian ancestor more in name than in substance. This is because Scotus broadens ultimate difference to include not only specific differences, but also intrinsic modes of being (e.g., finite/infinite) and principles of individuation (i.e., haecceitates). Furthermore, he deepens it by divorcing it from anything with categorial classification, such as substantial form. Rather, by linking ultimate difference to primary diversity irreducible to opposition, privation, or contradiction, Scotus responds to the long-standing Parmenidean arguments against the division of being. Differentiation is not a fall from the perfect unity of being. Rather, ultimate difference divides being by perfective determination of this otherwise indifferent concept. The division of being culminates in individuation as the final degree of perfection, which constitutes indivisible (i.e., singular) degrees of being.
Conclusion: I Wouldn’t Know Him from Adam
Authors: LaZella Andrew
Published: January 2020

The conclusion engages problems facing our cognition of ultimate differences, in particular ultimate individual difference. Against the more orthodox Aristotelian tradition, which held that the intellect grasps universals, the senses sense individuals, Scotus argues that there is nothing per seunintelligible about singulars. Rather, as the culmination of being, singularity marks the culmination of intelligibility. With respect to the wayfarer, however, neither the intellect nor the senses grasp singulars. The conclusion shows why Scotus holds that ultimate individual differences resist direct cognition. Despite our incapacity for de reintellectual states, some scattered claims Scotus makes regarding the possibility for de revolitional states are explored. That is, Scotus thinks that we need to form beliefs about and establish affective attitudes toward individuals, and not merely something similar to them. This discussion leads us back to Solomon’s difficulty. This difficulty should be understood not so much as a burden inflicted upon us in the wayfarer state due to our embodiment or sinful fallenness, but rather as an example of a more general Franciscan celebration of creatures in their singularity.
An Analysis on Social Security in Brazil Based on Maranhão
Authors: Silva Lima Fernando , Silva Pires Alessandra , De Assis Pereira Filho Francisco , Matilde Semiguem Lima Trombini Michelle
Published: January 2020

This study begins with the question: can the new change in the old-age pension system improve the economic-financial performance of the National Institute of Social Security in Brazil? The hypothesis is that the proposed constitutional amendment (PEC) 287/16, which is being presented at the Chamber of Deputies known as the pension reform, including an attempt to change the minimum age for men and women, will not solve the problem of economic crisis and financial expenses of the National Institute of Social Security of Brazil, due to the fact that the greatest impact may be other expenses not identified in this study that revolve around the benefits of retirement. The general objective is to analyze the economic and financial situation of social security in Brazil based on the regional accounting records located in Imperatriz and São Luís do Maranhão between 2008 and 2017. The methodology was defined as descriptive, explanatory and average, such as bibliofigurey, documentary and field. One of the results regarding the increase in the retirement age shows that there is no relation between the income increase indicators when compared to the surplus (profit) or deficit (loss) between 2008 and 2017 in the Social Security of Maranhão.
A summative assessment of theoretical and practical competencies in BLS-AED-An empirical research methodology to obtain quantitative results
Authors: Castillo García Jordi , Gomar Sancho Carmen , Rodríguez Higueras Encarnación , Estrada Masllorens Joan Maria , Gallart Fernández-Puebla Alberto
Published: January 2020

Background and objective: The evaluation in basic life support (BLS) and automated external defibrillator (AED) training courses is mostly formative. The objective of the study was to evaluate a quantitative assessment with an established cut-off level of 7 out of 10.Methods: The course was designed in accordance with the European Resuscitation Council (ERC). For the evaluation a high-fidelity manikin was available (Laerdal® Resusci Anne QCPR). A multiple-choice questionnaire (MCQ) was used to test knowledge, and the practical skills with a high-fidelity manikin.Results: About 68.2% and 34.1% obtained a score greater than 7 in knowledge and skills as evaluated by the nurse educator, immediately after the training. When the skills illustrated by the manikin were included, the results fell to 11.4% and 2.3%, respectively.Conclusions: A summative assessment of theoretical and practical competencies with a cut-off level of 7 demonstrates that global competency in BLS-AED is not achieved and some other strategies should be introduced in the current courses.
Effect of applying nurses driven electrolyte repletion protocol on electrolyte disturbances control among critically ill patients
Authors: Abdelgawad Mohamed E. , Ahmed Nadia T. , Elmenshawy Ahmed M.
Published: January 2020

Background and objective: Electrolyte disturbances remain a common lifesaving issue in the intensive care units. They are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. They are mostly resulted secondary to critical illness itself or associated treatment modalities. Therefore, electrolytes repletion should be done effectively and timely. This could be ensured using nurse driven protocols rather than traditional methods of repletion. These protocols are nurse initiated and collaboratively developed. They have been shown to improve patient care outcomes through the provision of high quality care. They are increasingly being used in the critical care setting. Objective: Determine the effect of applying nurses driven electrolytes repletion protocol on electrolytes disturbance control among critically ill patients.Methods: Quasi experimental research design was used. Sixty two critically ill patients with electrolytes loss were enrolled in the study at Alexandria Main University Hospital intensive care units, Egypt. All episodes of electrolyte loss were evaluated. Repletion of electrolyte loss was done according to unit routine for the control group and nurses driven electrolytes repletion protocol for the study group. Episodes of electrolyte disturbances, adverse events and timing of repletion were evaluated.Results: Neurological disorders represent the most encountered diagnosis. The most common cause of electrolyte loss in was the use of diuretics. Furthermore, there was a highly statistical difference between the two groups as regard electrolytes levels, effectiveness and timing of replacement.Conclusions: Application of nurses driven electrolyte repletion protocol resulted in improvements in the effectiveness and timeliness of electrolyte replacement.
The simulation coaching concept - A step towards expertise
Authors: Salminen-Tuomaala Mari , Hallila Jaakko , Niinimäki Asta , Paussu Paula
Published: January 2020

Background and objective: This paper presents a sub-study of an ongoing research and development project (August 1, 2017-December 31, 2019), whose aim has been to use simulation-based coaching to meet social and healthcare staff’s self-reported learning needs in 20 small and medium-sized enterprises in Finland. Two regional educational institutions are responsible for the management of the project. The study aim was to examine the development of self-rated professional competence and expertise of social and healthcare staff, following a simulation coaching project.Methods: An electronic questionnaire was used to collect information about participants’ self-rated expertise, first in November 2017 and again in May 2019 following the simulation-based coaching intervention. IBM SPSS for Windows 25 was used to analyse the data.Results: The respondents appreciated simulation coaching as an effective way of developing expertise and the continuous learning skills of professionals. In this project, coaching was considered to be especially suitable for theoretical and practical management of acute situations; for keeping up with change in society; for anticipating development needs, and for promoting the attractiveness and competitiveness of the company where they worked.Conclusions: The simulation coaching concept, which involves action-based and concrete ways of developing theoretical and practical competence, is well suited for social and healthcare professionals undertaking continuing education. Using the companies’ own facilities facilitates participation and application of new knowledge and skills.
The Improvement of Employee Performance Through Islamic Leadership, Emotional Quotient, and Intrinsic Motivation
Authors: Kuncoro Wuryanti , Putra Alfazar Edi
Published: January 2020

Improving good employee performance can have an impact on company success, employees are always required to work optimally where good or poor employee performance can affect overall company income. One of the most important in improving employee performance is Intrinsic Motivation. This study aims to determine and analyze the influence of Islamic leadership, emotional quotient, intrinsic motivation on employee performance. The population of this research is all employees at Sultan Agung Islamic Hospital Semarang, Indonesia. The number of samples studied in this study was 100 respondents with a purposive sampling technique, that is by determining specific characteristics in accordance with the research objectives. Data analysis in this study used multiple regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that there is an influence between Islamic leadership on employee performance, emotional quotient on employee performance, intrinsic motivation on employee performance, Islamic leadership on intrinsic motivation, and emotional quotient on intrinsic motivation.
Network Centrality and Homophily in Stakeholder Relationship Management: The Effects on a Social Enterprise’s Decision-Making Process
Authors: Papaluca Ornella , Tani Mario
Published: January 2020

Managing relationships with all the stakeholders is a central issue in Social Enterprises' management; these enterprises, operating across the faded boundary between for profit and not for profit sectors, overcome having limit scarce resources dotation trough relationships with other organizations in order to reach success in the society.

In our paper, we have studied the capability of this class of enterprises to create and sustain relationships on the basis of the concepts and principles of Stakeholder Theory, that according enterprises' survival capacity is linked to their manage ability those actors that affects or are affected by enterprise actions in their decision-making. Our empirical studies have focused on the social network, defined trough a snowballing process (degree = 3), insisting on a Social Cooperative in Naples with two world shops and one wholesale warehouse.

Each node in the Social Cooperative's egonetwork has been tested for two classical measures of Social Network Analysis (Wasserman & Faust, 1994; Scott, 1991): centrality and proximity. These tests have been later used to compare actors and to analyze if more central or more homophilous actors, those who share similar interests, are better able to influence the social cooperative.

Our paper highlights that homophily can better explain stakeholders' effects on the outcomes of strategic decision-making processes.
Modernising the Law on Oaths & Affirmations
Authors: McBain Graham
Published: January 2020

Modernising the Law on Oaths & Affirmations
Does Bronchiectasis Affect Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Comorbidities?
Authors: Nowiński Adam , Korzybski Damian , Bednarek Michał , Goljan-Geremek Anna , Puścińska Elżbieta , Śliwiński Paweł
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and bronchiectasis, chronic inflammation disorders of the bronchial tree through the mechanism of 'spill-over' of inflammatory mediators, may lead to systemic manifestations of illness of the respiratory system and comorbidities. The aim of the study was to evaluate the frequency of coexisting chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and bronchiectasis and influence of bronchiectasis on COPD comorbid diseases. Material and methods: A post-hoc cross-sectional analysis of cohort study of 288 consecutive patients hospitalized due to acute exacerbation of COPD was performed. Results: 177 males (61.5%) and 111 females (38.5%) with mean age = 71.0 8 ± 8.9 yrs, FEV1 % pred. = 34.6 ± 16.8 with COPD diagnosis were studied. In this group, 29 (10.1%) patients presented with bronchiectasis confirmed by HRCT scan. COPD patients with and without bronchiectasis had similar Charlson index results (2.5 vs. 2.1, p = 0.05). COPD patients with bronchiectasis required longer hospitalization during exacerbation. COPD patients with bronchiectasis significantly more often than patients without this comorbidity revealed the features of colonization with P. aeruginosa (OR = 4.17, p = 0.02). Conclusions: Bronchiectasis is a relatively common comorbidity in COPD patients. COPD patients with bronchiectasis are more frequently colonized with P. aruginosa comparing to non-bronchiectasis COPD patients. We did not confirm the influence of bronchiectasis on COPD comorbidities.