bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ТОЧНЫЕ РЕШЕНИЯ ЗАДАЧ СТЕКАНИЯ ЖИДКИХ СЛОЁВ И ПЛЁНОК ПРИ ПЕРЕМЕННОЙ ВЯЗКОСТИ
Authors: Кузнецов В.В.
Published: January 2025

Изучена задача о движении слоя жидкости по твёрдой подложке, наклонённой к горизонту под некоторым углом. Давно известна формула [3], ставшая классической, связывающая расход жидкости и толщину стекающего слоя. Эта формула выведена из точного решения задачи движения жидкого слоя для случая, когда вязкость жидкости постоянная. Для большинства известных жидкостей вязкость существенно зависит от температуры. Установлено, что если описывать эту зависимость с помощью аппроксимантов Падэ, то при переменной вязкости также возможно построить точное решение рассматриваемой задачи. Точные решения задач гидродинамики играют большую роль в научных исследованиях и для технических приложений. Они применяются при исследовании устойчивости течений, для тестирования численных методов и программ расчета, для получения конечных аналитических формул, задающих интегральные характеристики процесса. Получена формула, связывающая толщину стекающего слоя и расход жидкости при переменной вязкости, проведено сравнение с классической. Отмечено, что даже при умеренных перепадах температуры влияние изменения вязкости существенно. Выведено уравнение для толщины тонкой плёнки в случае зависимости вязкости от температуры, аналогичное полученным ранее для постоянной вязкости. При дополнительных допущениях построено точное решение полученного уравнения.

The problem of liquid layer motion on a solid substrate inclined to the horizon at a certain angle is studied. The formula [3], which has become classical, has long been known, relating the liquid flow rate and the thickness of the flowing layer. This formula is derived from the exact solution of the problem of liquid layer motion for the case when the viscosity of the liquid is constant. For most known liquids, viscosity depends significantly on temperature. It has been established that if this dependence is described using Padé approximants, then with variable viscosity it is also possible to construct an exact solution to the problem under consideration. Exact solutions to hydrodynamic problems play an important role in scientific research and for technical applications. They are used in the study of flow stability, for testing numerical methods and calculation programs, for obtaining final analytical formulas that define the integral characteristics of the process. A formula has been obtained that relates the thickness of the flowing layer and the liquid flow rate with variable viscosity, a comparison with the classical one has been made. It has been noted that even with moderate temperature differences, the effect of viscosity change is significant. An equation for the thickness of a thin film in the case of viscosity dependence on temperature is derived, similar to those obtained earlier for constant viscosity. With additional assumptions, an exact solution to the obtained equation is constructed.
ВЛИЯНИЕ ДИСПЕРСНОСТИ ГИПОФОСФИТА КАЛЬЦИЯ НА МАКРОКИНЕТИКУ ЕГО ОКИСЛЕНИЯ
Authors: Верещагин А.Л. , Минин Е.Д. , Бычин Н.В. , Сергиенко А.В. , Морозова Е.А.
Published: January 2025

Целью данной работы явилось исследование влияния дисперсности гипофосфита кальция на морфологию и состав образовавшихся продуктов окисления кислородом воздуха методами синхронного термического анализа (СТА), ИК-спектроскопии с Фурье-преобразованием и рентгенофазового анализа. Установлено фактором, влияющим на тело- и массоперенос в процессах окисления гипофосфита кальция является аморфизация образовавшихся продуктов за счет образования стеклофазы пирофосфата кальция Ca2P2O7.

The purpose of this work was to study the influence of calcium hypophosphite dispersity on the morphology and composition of the formed products of oxidation by air oxygen by methods of synchronous thermal analysis (STA), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray phase analysis. The factor influencing the body and mass transfer in the processes of calcium hypophosphite oxidation was found to be amorphization of the formed products due to the formation of glass phase of calcium pyrophosphate Ca2P2O7.
Моделирование структурЫ и электрофизических свойств графитизированных областей в искусственном алмазе
Authors: Бухаров Д.Н. , Самышкин В.Д. , Лелекова А.Ф. , Бодунов Д.А. , Кононенко Т.В. , Аракелян С.М. , Кучерик А.О.
Published: January 2025

Предложена имитационная феноменологическая модель структуры лазерно-индуцированных графитизированных областей в искусственном алмазе во фрактальном приближении, реализованные с использованием клеточного автомата с окрестностью Неймана. Рассмотрены модели для изотермических и неизотермических расчетных областей, для которых поле температуры оценивалось с использованием MatlabLaserToolbox. Такой учет температуры в основном модельном параметре (вероятности области стать графитизированной) позволяет опосредованно соотносить модельные параметры и параметры реальной схемы синтеза. Для моделирования системы дефектов в искусственном алмазе, от которых начинался процесс графитизации, предложена имитационная модель диффузионно-ограниченной агрегации. Приведена оценка размеров и фрактальных размерностей полученных в эксперименте образцов и моделей, показавшая хорошую адекватность предложенных приближений. Электрофизические свойства моделировались применительно к электропроводимости графитированных областей на основе фрактального подхода и сравнивались с измеренными значениями. Проведенное сравнение продемонстрировало применимость предложенной модели для описания электропроводимости графитированных областей. Таким образом, предложенных подход позволяет в первом приближении описать структурные особенности и обусловленные ими электрофизические свойства лазерно-индуцированных графитизированных структур в искусственном алмазе.

A simulation phenomenological model of the structure of laser-induced graphitized regions in artificial diamond in a fractal approximation is proposed, implemented using a cellular automaton with a Neumann neighborhood. Models for isothermal and non-isothermal computational domains for which the temperature field was estimated using MatlabLaserToolbox are considered. Such consideration of temperature in the main model parameter (the probability of the region becoming graphitized) allows us to indirectly correlate model parameters and parameters of the real synthesis scheme. To simulate the system of defects in artificial diamond, from which the graphitization process began, a simulation model of diffusion-limited aggregation is proposed. An estimate of the sizes and fractal dimensions of the samples and models obtained in the experiment is given, which showed the good adequacy of the proposed approximations. The electrophysical properties were modeled in relation to the electrical conductivity of graphitized regions based on a fractal approach and compared with the measured values. The comparison demonstrated the applicability of the proposed model to describe the electrical conductivity of graphitized regions. Thus, the proposed approach allows us to describe the structural features and the electrophysical properties of laser-induced graphitized structures in artificial diamond in the first approximation.
Синтез и СПЕКТРАЛЬНЫЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ новоГО полиГЕТЕРОядерноГО СОЕДИНЕНИЯ НА ОСНОВЕ ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНЫХ ТРИАЗОЛОВ
Authors: Пивоварова Е.В. , Босов К.К. , Крупнова И.А. , Суханов Г.Т. , Суханова А.Г. , Филиппова Ю.В.
Published: January 2025

Реакцией 1,3-диполряного циклоприсоединения между функциональными производными симметричного 1,2,4-триазола: азидсодержащим диполем (3-азидо-1,2,4-триазолом) и ацетиленовым диполярофилом (1-метил-5-проп-2-инилокси-1Н-[1,2,4]триазолом), впервые синтезировано полигетероциклическое соединение, содержащее в единой молекуле два терминальных 1,2,4-триазоловых (симметричных) гетероцикла и один интернальный 1,2,3-триазоловый (вицинальный) цикл. Показано, что исследованная реакция медь-катализируемого азид-алкинового циклоприсоединения (CuAAC) протекает с выбранными объектами в мягких условиях (комнатная температура, в среде воды) региоселективно, приводя к формированию в конечной структуре целевой молекуле только 1,4-изомерного циклоаддукта (1,4-дизамещенного 1,2,3-триазола) с высоким выходом. Спектральные характеристики, подтверждающие структуру полученного нового полигетероядерного соединения, изучены с помощью методов 1Н, 13С ЯМР- и ИК-спектроскопии.

A new polyheterocyclic compound whose single molecule contains two terminal 1,2,4-triazole (symmetric) heterocycles and one internal 1,2,3-triazole (vicinal) ring within a single molecule was synthesized by a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction between the two functionalized derivatives of symmetric 1,2,4-triazole—an azide-bearing dipole (3-azido-1,2,2,4-triazole) and an acetylene dipolarophile (1-methyl-5-prop-2-inyloxy-1H-[1,2,4]triazole). The examined copper-catalyzed, azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction with the chosen substrates was shown to proceed under mild conditions (room temperature, aqueous medium) in a high yield and in a regioselective manner, leading only to the formation of 1,4-isomeric cycloadduct (1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole) within the final structure of the target molecule. The spectral characteristics validating the structure of the resultant, new polyheteronuclear compound were studied by 1H, 13C NMR and IR spectroscopies.
Изучение аммонолиза 1,3,5-тринитро-2,4-диэтоксибензола
Authors: Щурова И.А. , Малыхин В.В. , Сысолятин С.В.
Published: January 2025

Статья посвящена исследованию реакции аммонолиза 1,3,5-тринитро-2,4-диэтоксибензола газообразным аммиаком, а именно: влиянию природы растворителя на выход, форму и размер кристаллов образующегося 1,3-диамино-2,4,6-тринитробензола. Установлено, что в среде полярных апротонных растворителей образуются кристаллы, вытянутые вдоль одной оси. При снижении полярности растворителя образуются более мелкие и компактные частицы. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы при наработке образцов 1,3-диамино-2,4,6-тринитробензола в соответствии с требованиями конкретной прикладной задачи.

The article is devoted to the study of the ammonolysis reaction of 1,3,5-trinitro-2,4-diethoxybenzene with gaseous ammonia, namely: the effect of the nature of the solvent on the yield, shape and size of the crystals of the resulting 1,3-diamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene. It was found that in the medium of polar aprotic solvents, crystals elongated along one axis are formed. With a decrease in the polarity of the solvent, smaller and more compact particles are formed. The obtained results can be used in the production of 1,3-diamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene samples in accordance with the requirements of a specific application task.
Антагонистическая активность культур рода Bacillus в отношении факультативных возбудителей болезней сахарной свеклы
Authors: Санеева Ю.Н. , Федорова О.А. , Безлер Н.В.
Published: January 2025

Рассмотрено влияние штаммов микроорганизмов-антагонистов Bacillus subtilis 20 и 17(8) в отношении основных факультативных фитопатогенов сахарной свеклы (Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium avenaceum, Alternaria alternata). Согласно результатам исследования, отмечено, что более активно изучаемые микроорганизмы подавляют рост и развитие возбудителя альтернариоза – гриба Alternaria alternata, менее выражено ингибирование роста Fusarium avenaceum и Fusarium oxysporum.

The effect of strains of Bacillus subtilis 20 и 17(8) antagonistic microorganisms on the main facultative phytopathogens of sugar beet (Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium avenaceum, Alternaria alternata) is considered. According to the results of the study, it was noted that the more actively studied microorganisms inhibit the growth and development of the causative agent of alternariasis – the fungus Alternaria alternata, the inhibition of the growth of Fusarium avenaceum and Fusarium oxysporum is less pronounced.
Exploring Rhetorical Approaches in Indonesian Master Thesis Introductions
Authors: Wakerkwa Dian Agustina Purwanto
Published: January 2025

A thesis is a compulsory assignment that should be created at the end of the study by the master’s students to earn their degree. The Introduction is one of the most challenging sections of this thesis. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the rhetorical moves organization used by Indonesian master’s students in their theses introductions, using Swales’ move analysis CARS model (1990). The selected theses were within the scope of improving the students' writing skills. The findings demonstrated that the writers' most common strategy in writing the Introduction section was to define their research area, indicating their attempt to create a convincing argument for the originality of their work. The findings offer pedagogical implications for lecturers in developing academic writing teaching materials and for students composing their thesis introductions.
Developing Writing Intensive Course Module: A Needs Analysis
Authors: Fortinasari Paulina Besty , Malasari Susanti
Published: January 2025

This research focuses on the needs analysis of developing a beginner-level learning module, which is in the initial stage. It applied a qualitative method in which data were gathered using a questionnaire and interviews. These data were descriptively analyzed using data condensation. The subjects of this research were 100 students and 4 lecturers. The results show that there is an urgent task because there is no course module for the Writing Intensive Course. It is also found that the existing material is suitable, but it needs to be added to the weekly theme to provide brainstorming space for the students. In terms of lack, want, and necessity, the learning modules must refer to the beginner level, accommodate the students to produce meaningful English sentences correctly, give more opportunities to exercise inside and outside the classroom, get more feedback from the lecturer, and integrate PjBL and case-method learning models. There were also some topics ranked based on students’ preferences. These topics can be considered by developers in developing a Writing Intensive Course module.
An Analysis of Electric Car Advertisement Language on YouTube Platform
Authors: Sayd Anastasia Imelda , Nazarudin Hamzah , Seubelan Alfiando
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the language styles, functions, strategies, and imaging strategies of English-language electric car advertisements that appear on YouTube. The study adopted a qualitative descriptive method, employing data collection techniques such as recording, observation, and note-taking. Data analysis was conducted using Miles and Huberman's interactive model, integrated with Braun and Clarke’s thematic approach. The findings reveal that electric car advertisements on YouTube employ a range of language styles to convey messages to the audience. The dominant language style is the "Hard Sell", which highlights rational and logical aspects of the product, such as energy efficiency and ease of use. Additional creative language styles include soft sell, hyperbole, metonymy, rhetorical questions, and personification. The main functions of language in these advertisements are to inform, persuade, create an image, and inspire consumer imagination regarding the electric car experience. Language strategies encompass both direct and indirect techniques designed to persuade consumers to deliver clear information and establish a positive image through emotional messaging. Electric car imaging is crafted by emphasizing a product’s physical characteristics, quality, and advantages, focusing on cultural symbols, user personalities, and direct comparisons with competitors, thereby solidifying the product image in consumers' minds
Empowering Teachers: AI Tools for Enhancing English Education in Pontianak Urban Schools
Authors: Ningsih Ratih Sulistiya , Sudharni Sudharni , Yuliana Yohanes Gatot Sutapa , Riyanti Dwi
Published: January 2025

This research is a qualitative descriptive study of English language educators' views and practices regarding the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) tools in education. It aims to understand how teachers in Pontianak Urban Schools perceive the effectiveness of AI tools in enhancing their English teaching practices, what challenges teachers face in integrating AI tools into English language teaching, and how the use of AI tools affects student engagement and motivation in learning English. The participants were two English language teachers from an urban school in Pontianak, West Kalimantan. Data were gathered through semi-structured interviews, with thematic analysis used for data interpretation. The results show that both teachers used AI to help them in the teaching process. They also expressed the need for more training and support to effectively integrate the AI tools. The study offers insights into teachers’ perceptions of AI in education and highlights the importance of responsible AI integration in language teaching.
Enhancing EFL Young Learners’ Writing Proficiency Through Local Content: A Classroom Action Research
Authors: Dwimaulani Astrid , Setiawan Budi , Risviana Risviana
Published: January 2025

This study aims to explore the effectiveness of implementing local content in developing EFL learners’ descriptive text writing skills. The approach used in this study was classroom action research. The steps taken in this classroom action research were planning, action, observation, and reflection. The research process utilized two cycles. In the first cycle, students’ descriptive writing skills were assessed. After a period of instruction using this approach, a post-assessment was conducted to measure students’ improvement in writing skills. The test scores were then analyzed using a percentage formula. Only 38% of the students were in the “good” category in the first cycle. However, in the second cycle, there was a significant increase of 73% after the implementation of local content in the writing learning process. The use of local content makes students more interested and enthusiastic in developing their ideas, so that they are more creative in describing existing material. Therefore, students are automatically more passionate about learning new vocabulary and deepening their grammatical understanding. It can be concluded that teaching descriptive texts to young EFL learners using local content can improve their writing proficiency.
Engaging English Learners: Using AI to Integrate Local Legends into Language Lessons in West Kalimantan
Authors: Mulyani Fitri , Elvina Elvina , Yuliana Yohanes Gatot Sutapa , Riyanti Dwi
Published: January 2025

This study explored English teachers' views on incorporating local legends into lessons in West Kalimantan and how AI may help incorporate local legends and engage students using a survey approach. Data were collected from 24 teachers using purposive sampling. The survey revealed that while 70.8% of teachers expressed an interest in using local legends, only 4.2% regularly integrated them into their teaching, indicating a gap between enthusiasm and practice. Although half of the teachers believed that local legends could enhance student engagement, few considered them extremely effective, suggesting the need for more evidence of their impact. Barriers to the use of local legends include limited resources, lack of knowledge, time constraints, and varying student interests. This study highlights the potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in overcoming these challenges by providing resources, diversifying materials, and streamlining lesson planning. AI could bridge the gap between teachers' interest in local narratives and their actual use, promoting a more engaging, culturally relevant learning environment. However, the study's small sample size and short data collection period limited the generalizability of the findings. Future research should involve a larger, more diverse sample and longer data collection to provide more comprehensive insights.
Formulation development of nanostructured lipid carriers for oral delivery of recombinant protein-based vaccine antigens in aquatic species
Authors: Rodrigues Jojo , O'Hara Conor , da Silva Maria Roméria , de Oliveira Leandro Licursi , Zuanon Jener Alexandre Sampaio , de Oliveira Mendes Tiago Antônio , Carmali Sheiliza
Published: January 2025

Recombinant proteins have emerged as a safe and effective method in the field of veterinary vaccines. However, the use of oral and stable recombinant antigen vaccines for aquatic species remains underexplored. To investigate the potential use of nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) as a strategy to protect recombinant proteins from gastrointestinal degradation and damage, and to provide good protection for fish against Aeromonas hydrophila, we employed high pressure homogenisation and ultrasonication methods for nanoencapsulation using glycerol distearate, propylene glycol dicaprylate as solid/liquid lipids, and polysorbate 80 as the surfactant, in varying ratios. The physicochemical properties of resulting nanostructured lipid carriers (size, homogeneity, charge, miscibility, shape) were assessed using dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and transmission electronic microscopy (TEM). The antigen loading efficiency and release in a gastric buffer mimicking fish conditions was measured by micro BCA assay. NLC colloidal stability was assessed at pH values encountered in the fish gastrointestinal tract and storage conditions evaluated at 4 and 42 ℃. Our results showed that while ultrasonication time influenced NLC size and dispersity, neither high pressure homogenisation nor ultrasonication impacted protein integrity. Formulation composition (solid and liquid lipid ratio and surfactant concentration) was crucial to the resulting nanoparticle properties and influenced protein loading capacity with an increase in solid lipid content leading to the highest antigen incorporation (58 ± 10.9 %). All formulations with 90:10, 80:20 and 70:30 ratios of glycerol distearate to propylene glycol dicaprylate and 5 % polysorbate 80 resulted in NLCs with low dispersity, and sizes below 200 nm. However, in vitro release and stability improved with high higher solid lipid, suggesting that the balanced solid and liquid oil composition of the 80:20 is a promising formulation for vaccine delivery in aquatic environment.
Integrating Pharmacokinetics and Quantitative Systems Pharmacology Approaches in Generative Drug Design
Authors: van den Maagdenberg Helle W. , de Mol van Otterloo Jikke , van Hasselt J. G. Coen , van der Graaf Piet H. , van Westen Gerard J. P.
Published: January 2025

Integrated understanding of pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) is a key aspect of successful drug discovery. Yet in generative computational drug design, the focus often lies on optimizing potency. Here we integrate PK property predictions in DrugEx, a generative drug design framework and we explore the generated compounds’ PD through simulations with a quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP) model. Quantitative structure-property relationship models were developed to predict molecule PK (clearance, volume of distribution and unbound fraction) and affinity for the Adenosine A2AR receptor (A2AR), a drug target in immuno-oncology. These models were used to score compounds in a reinforcement learning framework to generate molecules with a specific PK profile and high affinity for the A2AR. We predicted the expected tumor growth inhibition profiles using the QSP model for selected candidate molecules with varying PK and affinity profiles. We show that optimizing affinity to the A2AR, while minimizing or maximizing a PK property, shifts the type of molecular scaffolds that are generated. The difference in physicochemical properties of the compounds with different predicted PK parameters was found to correspond with the differences observed in the PK dataset. We demonstrated the use of the QSP model by simulating the effect of a broad range of compound properties on the predicted tumor volume. In conclusion, our proposed integrated workflow incorporating affinity predictions with PKPD may provide a template for the next generation of advanced generative computational drug design.
DiICz MR-TADF Emitters as Energy Transfer Photocatalysts
Authors: Hämmerling Lea , Hall David , Blin Eliott , Heil Tabea , Zysman-Colman Eli
Published: January 2025

Photoinduced energy transfer (PEnT) reactions are a subset of photochemical reactions that involve the indirect photoactivation of substrates following an energy transfer from a photoexcited sensitizer/photocatalyst. Examples of PEnT reactions include E/Z isomerizations, [2+2] cycloadditions and sigmatropic shifts. Here we introduce a family of diindolocarbazole (DICz) multi-resonant thermally activated delayed fluorescent (MR-TADF) photocatalysts (PCs), DiICztBu4, DiICzMes4, DiICztBuCz4 and DiICztBuDPA4, that have relatively high triplet energies (ET). We cross-compare their and relevant literature reference PCs’ photocatalytic behaviour in five distinct PEnT reactions. We demonstrate that the use of the DiCz PCs consistently lead to more rapid reaction rates and higher yields compared to the widely used 4CzIPN. DiICztBu4, DiICzMes4 and DiICztBuCz4 possess similar ET but decreasing singlet-triplet energy gaps, EST, enabling for the first time a comparison of the dependency of both the reaction kinetics and the final yield with this photophysical parameter. While we observed no direct correlation between ∆EST and either the reaction rate or yield, these three PCs are fast and efficient across four Dexter Energy Transfer (DET) reactions and are able to excite substrates with high triplet energies as high as 3.0 eV. We observed that when the reaction kinetics are fast, there is little sensitivity to quenching of the excited PC by oxygen, implying that DET to the substrate is competitive with DET to oxygen. Importantly, this means that some of the DET reactions using these PCs can be performed in air without adversely affecting reaction yield.
Block Ratio Optimized Cationic Polyacrylamides for Enhanced Nitrate Rejection Under Applied Potential
Authors: Vahid Hossein , Hashemi Arsalan , Khavani Mohammad , Sharma Abhinav , Kaazempur Mofrad Mohammad Reza , Ala-Nissila Tapio
Published: January 2025

The integration of charged polymers and reverse osmosis membranes presents a promising approach to capture undesired ions and enhance water purification efficiency. In this paper, di-block cationic polyacrylamides (DCPAMs) as charged polymers are evaluated separately in bulk solution and within a reverse osmosis process to capture nitrite ions introduced by NaNO3. To achieve this, molecular dynamics simulations are conducted to systematically investigate the effects of polymer configuration, concentration, and salt concentration on ion adsorption and water purification performance. The results reveal that nitrate ions exhibit strong adsorption to the charged polymers, leading to the displacement of chloride ions into the bulk solution. The polymer conformations are found to play a critical role in the performance of the process. When an electric potential is applied, anions are strongly attracted to the electrode with a total positive charge, and nitrate ions remain closer to the electrode surface than other ions. The simultaneous application of RO membranes and DCPAMs achieves salt rejection efficiencies ranging from 78% to 100%, depending on DCPAM type and salt concentration. These findings pave the way for further computational studies on combined processes to advance water purification technologies.
Integrated mathematical model of the transcribing system adapted to aviation conditions
Authors: Ogunwole B. I. , Kutepova O. S.
Published: January 2025

In this paper the authors have created the integrated mathematical model of the transcribing system adapted to aviation conditions, taking into account many factors. The paper analyses the following main problems of transcribing Englishlanguage speech between pilots and air traffic controllers (ATC) (radio exchange), namely: the tendency to use abbreviations and specialized vocabulary, which can cause misunderstanding for one of the parties; speech illegibility due to noise in the cockpit or in the radio frequency zone; insufficient clarity and accuracy in expressing instructions by air traffic controllers can lead to errors in the understanding and execution of instructions by pilots; limitations in the availability of communication channels and their overloading; lack of training in the use of English-language terms and expressions in the air traffic control system. Inadequate training in English language terms and expressions can lead to difficulties in understanding instructions and messages between pilots and air traffic controllers; differences in accents and pronunciation of communicators can also cause difficulties in speech comprehension. Aviation communication errors are critical to aircraft safety. The ambiguity of certain phrases or expressions in English can lead to misinterpretation and misunderstanding of instructions by controllers; lack of context or lack of information about the current situation on board the aircraft can make it difficult to transcribe speech and lead to misunderstanding of messages; use of slang or informal expressions can make transcribing English-language speech more difficult and cause misunderstandings; lack of opportunity to ask clarifying questions or request a real-time repetition of a message can lead to misunderstandings; and the use of slang or informal expressions can lead to misunderstandings. Even the most minor errors can have disastrous consequences. The analysis revealed that in the overwhelming majority of cases it is linguistic factors that cause misunderstandings between participants in radio conversations, which is evidence of the need to develop and improve this model.
The mechanisms of state support for the integrated development of the country’s air transportation system and regional route networks
Authors: Penkina V. A.
Published: January 2025

One of the key areas of development of the Russian Federation transport system and its regions is the improvement of infrastructure and route networks of passenger air transportation, including in hard-to-reach regions of the Russian Federation. Regional aviation is an important segment of the passenger air transportation network and the entire transport system of the country. In combination with local air transportation, regional aviation in most areas of the Far North and areas equated to them ensures their transport accessibility, aviation mobility of the population and in many cases is an alternative mode of transport. The state support measures for air carriers are being implemented to ensure the stable functioning of air transport and the development of transport accessibility in the regions of the Russian Federation. The article considers the main goals and measures of state subsidization of air transportation in the transport system of the country and its regions, as well as financial and non-financial measures of their state support, including in the context of external sanctions. A subsidy scheme has been proposed to consolidate the existing mechanisms thus ensuring the balanced risk minimization for the state and air carriers while expanding the route network of the country and regions. The processes of development of subsidy mechanisms and the corresponding regulatory and methodological framework, the effectiveness of their implementation, including taking into account the specifics of the northern and hard-to-reach regions, are analyzed.
Modelling of non-scheduled air transportation time series based on ARIMA
Authors: Aghayev N. B. , Nazarli D.  Sh.
Published: January 2025

Forecasting non-scheduled air transportation demand is essential for effective resource allocation, operational planning, and decision-making. In this paper, the use of the ARIMA (Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average) model for forecasting non-scheduled air transportation is explored. The ARIMA model is a widely employed time series forecasting technique which combines autoregressive (AR), differencing (I), and moving average (MA) components. It has been successfully applied to various fields and can be adapted to capture the patterns and trends in non-scheduled air transportation data. To forecast non-scheduled air transportation demand, historical data, including relevant variables are firstly collected. The data are processed by identifying and addressing any missing values, outliers, or trends that could affect the model's performance. Next, the ARIMA model is applied to the pre-processed data, utilising techniques such as model identification, parameter estimation, and model diagnostics. The ARIMA model captures the relationships between past observations and uses them to predict future demand for non-scheduled air transportation. The forecasting results from the ARIMA model provide insights into expected demand levels, peak periods, and potential fluctuations in non-scheduled air transportation. These forecasts enable decision-makers to optimise resource allocation, schedule aircraft availability, and enhance operational efficiency. However, it is important to note that the accuracy of ARIMA forecasts depends on various factors, including the quality and representativeness of the data, the appropriate selection of model parameters, and the stability of underlying patterns in the time series data. Regular model evaluation and refinement are crucial in maintaining forecasting accuracy.
Nauczanie o Świętym Mikołaju i naśladowanie go w świetle prawa karnego Anno Domini 2024
Authors: Kulesza Witold , Kulesza Jan
Published: January 2025

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Description of two new species of Amolops (Anura: Ranidae) from Arunachal Pradesh, Northeast India under the morphological 'Viridimaculatus species group'
Authors: Saikia Bhaskar , Laskar Mostaque A. , Dinesh K. P. , Shabnam A. , Sinha Bikramjit
Published: January 2025

With the descriptions of a large number of Amolops species in the last two decades, the historical reports of Amolops species from India are in a state of flux, resulting in doubts regarding the specific identities of many species of this genus from the country. Due to their morphological crypticity, species belonging to Amolops are most often difficult to identify based only on morphological characters and colour alone. In the recent years, a number of species of this genus have either been described or reported from India, based on both morphological and molecular phylogenetic studies, like Amolops aniqiaoensis, A. adicola, A. indoburmanensis, etc. Herein, we are describing two new species of Amolops, namely Amolops chanakya sp. nov. and Amolops tawang sp. nov. from western Arunachal Pradesh that belong to the morphological â€˜Viridimaculatus species groupâ€™ based on a combination of morphological character data sets, genetic studies, and geographical distribution.
Diversity of Lepidoptera along Altitudinal Gradient in Shola Forest of Kerala, India
Authors: Shamsudeen R. S. M. , Pathania P. C.
Published: January 2025

During the present studies, survey-cum-collection were undertaken for the three year in the Shola of Kerala part of Western Ghats. A total of 414 Lepidoptera species belonging to 24 families were recorded from the study area. Beside this, study deals with the species diversity patterns of Lepidoptera at varying altitudes in Shola (Chembra) forests of Kerala.
A short note on rediscovering of two endemic ariophantid snails of the genus Oxytesta Zilch, 1956 after a gap of hundred years
Authors: Gurumayum Shantabala Devi
Published: January 2025

Two species of ariophantid terrestrial land snails, Oxytesta aborensis Godwin-Austen, 1918 and O. siyomensis Godwin-Austen, 1918 were collected from the Dihang-Dibang biodiversity reserve, for the second time after their discovery from the type locality itself suggested that the distribution of both the species is restricted to the Abor hills only and it is a serious concern for the taxonomist as well as for the environmentalist.
New distribution record of Booted Warbler Iduna caligata (Lichtenstein, 1823) from Hanle, Eastern Ladakh, India
Authors: Khan Iqbal Ali , Kumar Anil , Bhatt Dinesh
Published: January 2025

Booted Warbler Iduna caligata is known for wintering in the southern part of India. It is recorded for the first time from trans-Himalaya, Ladakh. The present record of this species extends its distributional range up to the south-eastern part of Ladakh, Hanle Village. In the present article, detailed diagnostic photographs and a distributional map of the species are presented.
A preliminary Checklist of Sphingidae (Lepidoptera) from Saranda forest division, Jharkhand, India
Authors: Kaustubh Kumar , Singh Navneet , Joshi Rahul , Hassan S. M. Mahboob
Published: January 2025

The present research paper deals with the documentation of 25 species under 16 genera of moths belonging to three subfamilies of Sphingidae from Saranda Forest Division, Jharkhand, India. All 25 species are being reported for the first time from the study area. Furthermore, Agnosia orneus (Westwood, 1847) is reported for the first time from Jharkhand. Distribution within India and other regions is also mentioned. Images of adults are also provided.
A new species of genus Lacconectus Motschulsky, 1855 from Mizoram, India (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae: Copelatinae)
Authors: Ghosh Sujit Kumar
Published: January 2025

Lacconectus ishae Ghosh, sp. nov. (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae: Copelatinae), is described from Sairep, district Lunglei, Mizoram, India. The newly described species is compared with the allied species, L. scholzi Gschwendtner, 1922, L. regimbarti Brancucci, 1986, and L. satoi Brancucci, 2003.
Population ecology of Ctenolepisma (C.) udumalpetense (Insecta: Zygentoma: Lepismatidae) in a deciduous forest floor of the Trimurti Dam, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Jana Debanjan , Hazra Ashis Kumar , Mandal Guru Pada
Published: January 2025

The present paper deals with the findings on some aspects of the ecology of Ctenolepisma (C.) udumalpetense Hazra et al., 2022 in a deciduous forest floor near Trimurti dam, Tamil Nadu, India. Studies on vertical distribution showed that the highest total density was in the 0 to 5 cm. The maximum species concentration was found in horizontal Row III. Monthwise population structure on vertical distribution was also studied. Biomass was estimated for both the sexes and the nymphs. Statistical analysis showed significant correlations between soil parameters and distribution of the Ctenolepisma species have also been discussed.
Diversity of butterflies (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera: Insecta) from cold desert of District Kargil in the Union Territory of Ladakh, India
Authors: Ali Ahsan , Kumar Neelima R. , Bharti Umesh
Published: January 2025

An extensive butterfly fauna survey of district Kargil in the union territory of Ladakh was conducted. The field study was carried out from April 2019 to September 2019, May 2020 to September 2020, April 2021 to September 2021 and April 2022 to September 2022. The 23 species belonging to 17 genera of 3 families of butterflies were recorded from the area under reference. The analysis and characterisation of the butterfly fauna will provide essential information on the ecology of the area and act as a good bioindicator. It can predict the status of conservation and protection of any given area.
First photographic evidence of Fishing Cat, Prionailurus viverrinus (Bennett, 1833) in Tampara Lake, Ganjam, Odisha
Authors: Das Ashis Kumar , Behera Rajesh Kumar , Mohapatra Sandeep Kumar , Acharya Smrutirekha , Mohanty Swarup Ranjan , Tripathy Basudev , Mohapatra Anil
Published: January 2025

Under the cat family of mammals, Fishing Cat Prionailurus viverrinus (Bennett, 1833) is a small carnivore under the Vulnerable category of IUCN, a globally declining species distributed in different wetland ecosystems across the east coast of India and its distribution pattern is extremely localized and patchy throughout the range. We report the presence of fishing cats through photographic evidence and secondary signs for the first time from the vicinity of the Tampara Lake of the Ganjam district of Odisha, from where the presence of fishing cat was never known.
New records of Collembola (Hexapoda) from West Bengal with notes on their Taxonomy
Authors: Mandal Pritha , Pada Mandal Guru , Suman K. K. , Bhattacharya K. K. , Banerjee Dhriti
Published: January 2025

This study deals with a total of 21 species of collembola under 14 genera of 6 families, which has been recorded for the first time from the state of West Bengal. A descriptive note on their taxonomy with proper illustrations is provided with an approach to improve the faunistic understanding of collembolans from the state. The new records were found from the collections of the survey undertaken during the year 2018 to 2022 as well as examining some of the previous state survey materials of the NZC depository at Apterygota section. Compiling previous literature on collembola from the state, the current study has updated the collembolan taxon list from 75 species to a total of 96 species
Unusual abundance of invasive Tilapia species in coastal waters of Devipattinam, Palk Bay, India
Authors: Bera Swarnendu , Paul Soumili , Anand Muthusamy , Rangesh Kannan
Published: January 2025

Worldwide, Tilapia sp. has gained a reputation as a highly sought-after, culturable species in the aquaculture industry thanks to its higher growth rate, excellent adaptive nature, low disease rate, and prolific breeding. Aquaculture is the only means to satisfy the dietary demand for fish protein in India, which has the highest population in the world. The first Tilapia species used for extensive aquaculture was Oreochromis mossambicus, which was introduced in India in the early 1950s under government patronage. Since then, aquaculture farms have been developed to culture Tilapia all over India, from the warmer tropical brackish waterbodies of Tamil Nadu to the cooler Himalayan regions.
The past few decades have witnessed a huge surge in Tilapia abundance in various natural water bodies, posing a serious threat to indigenous fish species. These highly adaptive fishes have now been observed surviving in fully marine environments in Palk Bay. Local fishermen are aware of the presence of these invasive species and regularly harvest them from the inshore waters. Several specimens of different ages have been found and recorded during a survey in coastal areas near Devipattinam, Tamil Nadu. It is assumed that these exotic species have found their way to the ocean from local aquaculture farms to local canals, eventually ending up in the ocean.
In a recent survey in January, 2023, adult specimens with fertile gonads were recorded. But most of the specimens found were juveniles and sexually immature, indicating that the inshore water of the Palk Bay region serves as a breeding and nursery ground for young ones. Surveys have shown that they are more abundantly found in coastal waters with an average depth of 2–5 meters, dominated by several sea grass species. Survival success is influenced by their ability to withstand oceanographic conditions and their interactive credibility with native indigenous species.
Genetic diversity and phylogenetic analysis of Indian Rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) using Mitochondrial D-loop
Authors: Agnita Sharon E. , Bhaskar Ranjana
Published: January 2025

Indian Rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) are non-human primates having a wide range of distribution in India. Rhesus macaques are distributed throughout Northern India and Northeast India up to some extent part of South India. In this study, we investigated the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship of Indian rhesus macaques in comparison with macaques from other countries using the mitochondrial D-loop region. A total of 61 DNA sequences were generated from five Indian states and compared with 46 sequences from China, Thailand, Japan, and Bangladesh from GenBank. A total of 40 haplotypes were identified in studied samples. The median-joining network showed clustering based on different geographic locations. The Phylogenetic analysis shows two major clades in which the Indian rhesus macaques formed a single clade. There was no geographical cluster found in studied samples. The mismatch and Bayesian skyline plot show recent expansion in the Indian rhesus macaque population. Our results show that the Indian rhesus macaque is undergoing expansion in the population.
Ecological Interactions Based on Shell Selection in Hermit Crabs (Decapoda: Anomura): A Case Study from Kerala Coast
Authors: R Reshmi , Karnaver Preetha , Bijukumar A.
Published: January 2025

Hermit crab extensively distributed along tropics and subtropics, forms a perfect example for ecological interaction. Mobile habitat selection by hermit crabs is very complex phenomenon extremely important for their survival. Hermit crabsare engaged in shell fights for choosing suitable shells andexhibit mutualism with sea anemone. Sea anemone attached to shell provides additional protection to the hermit crab, while both are mutually benefited by their food gathering activity.Inorder to understand the shell selection behaviour of hermit crabs in natural conditions 35 species of hermit crabs along with their shells were collected from the Kerala coast, and regression analysis of seven species was done to understand the shell selection pattern. In nature, hermit crab exhibits a greater plasticity in shell selection and it varies with species.
Garra lungongza, a New Species of Cyprinid Fish (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) from Nagaland, India
Authors: Catherine Ng. , Linthoingambi I.
Published: January 2025

Garra lungongza sp. nov., is described from the Dei-thung Shumang River, Nagaland. It belongs to the member of “smooth snout” group. It differs from its congeners in having the following characteristics: head strongly depressed; snout tip with 23-34 rounded hollow pits; Gular disc elliptical; torus crescentic; labellum covered by lateral distal margin of rostral cap; pre-dorsal scales irregularly arranged with 12-14 scale rows; lateral line with 37+ 2(1)-3(5) scales.
New Records and New Combinations of Ladybird Beetles from India (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)
Authors: Das Priyanka , Banerjee Dhriti , Gupta Devanshu
Published: January 2025

On examination of a collection of specimens from the Indian states of Arunachal Pradesh, Bihar, Gujarat, Jharkhand, Odisha and Telangana, we identified 10 species of ladybird beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Of these, Afissa langpingensis (Zeng & Yang) and Jauravia albidula Motschulsky are new records for India. Afissa langpingensis (Zeng & Yang), Illeis indica Timberlake, I. bistigmosa (Mulsant), Propylea dissecta (Mulsant), P. luteopustulata (Mulsant), Nephus tagiapatus (Kamiya), Micraspis univittata (Hope), Phrynocaria circumusta (Mulsant) and Jauravia albidula Motschulsky comprise new distributional records to different states. While, Epilachna langpingensis Zeng & Yang, and E. sureilica (Kapur) are transferred to the genus Afissa Dieke, hence new combinations are proposed for Afissa langpingensis (Zeng & Yang), comb. nov. and Afissa sureilica Kapur comb. nov.
First Report of Trimorus Förster (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) from West Bengal, India with Description of a New Species
Authors: Debnath Rupam , Patra Sunita , . Abitha , Rajmohana K.
Published: January 2025

Genus Trimorus Förster is one of the five genera recorded from India under the subfamily Teleasinae (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae). They are egg parasitoids of carabid beetles and are generally encountered in both cultivated and natural landscapes. With 317 species known globally, Trimorus is moderately species-rich. The genus is represented with 32 species from India to date. We came across a couple of unusually robust and large females of Teleasinae, during our recent surveys in West Bengal, having a striking body coloration of yellowish-orange and black. Based on some key morphological characters, the species was identified as an undescribed species of Trimorus. The lack of lateral mesoscutellar spines distinguished it easily from Gryonoides Dodd. The present work documents Genus Trimorus for the first time from West Bengal with description of a new species.