bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COMMunity of Practice And Safety Support for Navigating Pain (COMPASS-NP): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial with home care workers
Authors: Olson Ryan , Hess Jennifer A. , Turk Dennis , Marino Miguel , Greenspan Leah , Alley Lindsey , Donovan Courtney , Rice Sean P.M.
Published: April 2023

Background

Chronic
pain is a prevalent and costly problem that often has occupational origins. Home care workers (HCWs) are at high risk for work-related injuries, pain, and disability. Current treatments for chronic pain emphasize medications, which are an inadequate stand-alone treatment and can produce significant adverse effects.

Methods

In this translational study, we will adapt an established work-based injury prevention and health promotion program (COMmunity of Practice And Safety Support: COMPASS) to address the needs of HCWs experiencing chronic pain. COMPASS employs peer-led, scripted group meetings that include educational content, activities, goal setting, and structured social support. The translated intervention, named COMPASS for Navigating Pain (COMPASS-NP), will be delivered in an online group format. Safety protections will be strengthened through an ergonomic self-assessment and vouchers for purchasing ergonomic tools. Educational content will integrate a self-management approach to chronic pain using proven cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) principles. We will use a mixed-methods hybrid type 2 evaluation approach to assess effectiveness and implementation. A cluster-randomized waitlist control design will involve 14 groups of 10 HCWs (n = 140) recruited from Washington, Oregon, and Idaho. Half of the groups will be randomly selected to complete the intervention during the first 10 weeks, while the waitlist groups serve as controls. During weeks 10–20, the waitlist groups will complete the intervention while the original intervention groups complete a follow-up period without further intervention. Our primary hypothesis is that COMPASS-NP will reduce pain interference with work and life. Secondary outcomes include injury and pain prevention behaviors, pain severity, changes in medication use, risk for opioid misuse, well-being, physical activity, and sleep. Qualitative data, including phone interviews with group facilitators and organizational partners, will evaluate the implementation and guide dissemination.

Discussion

The results will advance the use and knowledge of secondary prevention interventions such as ergonomic tools and cognitive behavior therapy, to reduce injury, pain, and disability and to encourage appropriate uses of analgesic medications among HCWs.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05492903. Registered on 08 August 2022
Efficacy and safety of upadacitinib in patients with active psoriatic arthritis and axial involvement: results from two phase 3 studies
Authors: Baraliakos Xenofon , Ranza Roberto , Östör Andrew , Ciccia Francesco , Coates Laura C. , Rednic Simona , Walsh Jessica A. , Douglas Kevin , Gao Tianming , Kato Koji , Song In-Ho , Ganz Fabiana , Deodhar Atul
Published: April 2023

Background

The objective of this post-hoc analysis was to assess the efficacy and safety of upadacitinib in psoriatic arthritis (PsA) patients with axial involvement.

Methods

Post-hoc analysis of SELECT-PsA 1 and SELECT-PsA 2 in patients randomized to upadacitinib 15 mg (UPA15), placebo (switched to UPA15 at week 24), or adalimumab 40 mg (ADA; SELECT-PsA 1 only). Axial involvement was determined by investigator judgement (yes or no; based on the totality of available clinical information, such as duration and characteristics of back pain, age of onset, and previous lab investigations and imaging, if available) alone, or investigator judgement and patient-reported outcome (PRO)-based criteria (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index [BASDAI] ≥ 4 and BASDAI Q2 ≥ 4). Efficacy outcomes that describe axial disease activity, including BASDAI endpoints, such as change from baseline in the overall BASDAI score or proportion of patients achieving BASDAI50 (≥ 50% improvement from baseline), as well as Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS) endpoints, such as mean change from baseline in overall ASDAS or proportion of patients achieving ASDAS inactive disease or low disease activity, were evaluated at weeks 12, 24, and 56, with nominal P-values shown. Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) are summarized through week 56.

Results

30.9% of patients in SELECT-PsA 1 and 35.7% in SELECT-PsA 2 had axial involvement by investigator judgement alone; 22.6% (SELECT-PsA 1) and 28.6% (SELECT-PsA 2) had axial involvement by investigator judgement and PRO-based criteria. Greater proportions of patients achieved BASDAI50 with UPA15 versus placebo using either criterion, and versus ADA using investigator judgement alone, at week 24 in SELECT-PsA 1 (investigator alone: UPA15, 59.0%, placebo, 26.9%, P < 0.0001, ADA, 44.1%, P = 0.015; investigator and PRO-based: UPA15, 60.4%, placebo, 29.3%, P < 0.0001, ADA, 47.1%, P = 0.074), with comparable findings in SELECT-PsA 2. Similar results were observed with UPA15 for additional BASDAI and ASDAS endpoints at weeks 12 and 24, with improvements maintained at week 56. Rates of TEAEs were generally similar across sub-groups irrespective of axial involvement status.

Conclusions

PsA patients with axial involvement determined by predefined criteria showed greater BASDAI and ASDAS responses with UPA15 versus placebo, and numerically similar/greater responses versus ADA. Safety results were generally comparable between patients with or without axial involvement.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov: SELECT-PsA 1, NCT03104400; SELECT-PsA 2, NCT0310437.
Testing times for dementia: a community survey identifying contemporary barriers to risk reduction and screening
Authors: Wilson Nikki-Anne , Peters Ruth , Lautenschlager Nicola T. , Anstey Kaarin J.
Published: April 2023

Background

Advances in pharmacological and non-pharmacological dementia interventions may mean future dementia prevention incorporates a combination of targeted screening and lifestyle modifications. Elucidating potential barriers which may prevent community engagement with dementia prevention initiatives is important to maximise the accessibility and feasibility of these initiatives across the lifespan.

Methods

Six hundred seven adults aged over 18 years completed a 54-item, multiple-choice survey exploring contemporary attitudes towards, and barriers to, dementia risk reduction and screening relative to other common health conditions. Participants were sourced from Australia’s largest, paid, data analytics service (ORIMA).

Results

Finances (p = .009), poor motivation (p = .043), and time (p ≤ .0001) emerged as significant perceived barriers to dementia risk reduction behaviours. Lack of time was more likely to be reported by younger, relative to older, participants (p ≤ .0001), while females were more likely than males to report financial (p = .019) and motivational (p = .043) factors. Binary logistic regression revealed willingness to undertake dementia testing modalities was significantly influenced by gender (genetic testing, p = .012; saliva, p = .038, modifiable risk factors p = .003), age (cognitive testing, p ≤ .0001; blood, p = .010), and socio-economic group (retinal imaging, p = .042; modifiable risk-factor screening, p = .019). Over 65% of respondents felt adequately informed about risk reduction for at least one non-dementia health condition, compared to 30.5% for dementia.

Conclusions

This study found perceived barriers to dementia risk reduction behaviours, and the willingness to engage in various dementia testing modalities, was significantly associated with socio-demographic factors across the lifespan. These findings provide valuable insight regarding the accessibility and feasibility of potential methods for identifying those most at risk of developing dementia, as well as the need to better promote and support wide-scale engagement in dementia risk reduction behaviours across the lifespan.
Microbial cellulase production and its potential application for textile industries
Authors: Korsa Gamachis , Konwarh Rocktotpal , Masi Chandran , Ayele Abate , Haile Setegn
Published: April 2023

Purpose

The textile industry’s previous chemical use resulted in thousands of practical particulate emissions, such as machine component damage and drainage system blockage, both of which have practical implications. Enzyme-based textile processing is cost-effective, environmentally friendly, non-hazardous, and water-saving. The purpose of this review is to give evidence on the potential activity of microbial cellulase in the textile industry, which is mostly confined to the realm of research.

Methods

This review was progressive by considering peer-reviewed papers linked to microbial cellulase production, and its prospective application for textile industries was appraised and produced to develop this assessment. Articles were divided into two categories based on the results of trustworthy educational journals: methods used to produce the diversity of microorganisms through fermentation processes and such approaches used to produce the diversity of microbes through microbial fermentation. Submerged fermentation (SMF) and solid-state fermentation (SSF) techniques are currently being used to meet industrial demand for microbial cellulase production in the bio textile industry.

Results

Microbial cellulase is vital for increasing day to day due to its no side effect on the environment and human health becoming increasingly important. In conventional textile processing, the gray cloth was subjected to a series of chemical treatments that involved breaking the dye molecule’s amino group with Cl − , which started and accelerated dye(-resistant) bond cracking. A cellulase enzyme is primarily derived from a variety of microbial species found in various ecological settings as a biotextile/bio-based product technology for future needs in industrial applications.

Conclusion

Cellulase has been produced for its advantages in cellulose-based textiles, as well as for quality enhancement and fabric maintenance over traditional approaches. Cellulase’s role in the industry was microbial fermentation processes in textile processing which was chosen as an appropriate and environmentally sound solution for a long and healthy lifestyle.
Effect of Iron Tailings as Fine Aggregate and Mineral Admixture on Strength and Microstructure of Cement Mortar
Authors: Kong Lijuan , Xie Shuheng , Wang Caihui , Wang Lihuan
Published: April 2023

To investigate the application of iron tailings in cement-based materials as fine aggregate and mineral admixture, six iron tailings sands were selected from different places of origin, and the methods of acid and alkali activation were adopted to increase the activity of tailings powder. The strength of mortar was evaluated and the composition and microstructure were analyzed to explore the mechanism. The experimental results show that iron tailings sands had little adverse effect on the mortar strength, and there was a maximum increase of 13.2% in 28-day compressive strength compared with that of river sand mortar. The hardness values of all the iron tailings sand and the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) around them were higher than that of natural river sand, but their Ca/Si ratios in the ITZ was lower, indicating a chemical reaction occurred between the iron tailings and cement paste. Generally, the iron tailings sand with higher SiO2 content and finer particles tend to have higher activity. In addition, the pozzolanic activity of iron tailings powder could be greatly promoted by chemical activation, especially by acid activation. The activity index of cement mortar with unactivated iron tailings powder was only 63% at 28 days, whereas that of acid-activated and compound-activated samples reached up to 93%, and the heights of the maximum heat flow peak of these samples were even higher than that of the control sample without iron tailings powder, and the time to reach the peak was in some advance, moreover their impedance parameters were close to the control sample.
Accumulated biomechanical effects of mandibular molar mesialization using clear aligners with auxiliary devices: an iterative finite element analysis
Authors: Lyu Xinwei , Cao Xing , Chen Luxian , Liu Yuyao , Li Huilin , Hu Cheng , Tan Jiali
Published: April 2023

Background

The biomechanics generated by the clear aligner (CA) material changes continuously during orthodontic tooth movement, but this factor remains unknown during the computer-aid design process and the predictability of molars movement is not as expected. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to propose an iterative finite element method to simulate the long-term biomechanical effects of mandibular molar mesialization (MM) in CA therapy under dual-mechanical systems.

Methods

Three groups including CA alone, CA with a button, and CA with a modified lever arm (MLA) were created. ﻿Material properties of CA were obtained by in vitro mechanical experiments. MM was conducted by the rebound force exerted by CA material and the mesial elastic force (2N, 30° to the occlusal plane) applied to the auxiliary devices. Stress intensity and distribution on periodontal ligament (PDL), attachment, button and MLA, and displacement of the second molar (M2) during the iterations were recorded.

Results

There was a significant difference between the initial and cumulative long-term displacement. Specifically, compared to the beginning, the maximum stress of PDL decreased by 90% on average in the intermediate and final steps. The aligner was the main mechanical system at first, and then, the additional system exerted by the button and MLA dominated gradually. The stress of attachments and auxiliary devices is mainly concentrated on their interfaces with the tooth. Additionally, MLA provided a distal tipping and extrusive moment, which was the only group that manifested a total mesial displacement of the root.

Conclusions

The innovatively designed MLA was more effective in reducing undesigned mesial tipping and rotation of M2 than the traditional button and CA alone, which provided a therapeutic method for MM. The proposed iterative method simulated tooth movement by considering the mechanical characteristic of CA and its long-term mechanical force changes, which will facilitate better movement prediction and minimize the failure rate.
Sub‐optimal femoral fit in total knee arthroplasty, a systematic review of human femoral data vs off‐the‐shelf contemporary femoral components
Authors: Bonanzinga Tommaso , Gambaro Francesco Manlio , Iacono Francesco , Marcacci Maurilio
Published: April 2023

Purpose

The purpose of the current study is to investigate the inadequacy of fit between the human distal femur and the knee implants offerings and describe the available strategies to overcome this issue.

Methods

A systematic research of the literature was performed to identify studies reporting morphologic measures of the distal femur. Studies were excluded if they included unhealthy knees or the morphological analysis did not report the two key dimensions to identify the patient’s unique anatomy: AP length and mediolateral (ML) width. Clinically relevant component overhang or underhang was considered when the metal‐bone mismatch was > 3 mm as described in the literature.

Results

Six studies with anthropometric analysis of 1395 distal femurs met the inclusion criteria. The analysis revealed that by employing the available sizes of four current “state‐of‐the‐art” primary off‐the shelf (OTS) femoral implants up to 13–41% would show underhang and 9–27% overhang clinically relevant and the introduction of narrower sizes did not reduce this percentage of underhang but improved the overhang rate of 10–15%.

Conclusions

Whenever an ML/AP mismatch in encountered in the operating room, adaptations are needed, and these bring about deleterious biomechanical and clinical complications. Therefore, this study highlights the need for implants design with multiple ML offerings per AP size, since they provide not only more sizes options but more femoral shapes to match the different ML sizes of the distal femur, compared to designs with single ML offerings for a given femoral AP dimension.
Spatial variations and multi-level determinants of modern contraceptive utilization among young women (15–24 years) in Ethiopia: spatial and multi-level analysis of mini-EDHS 2019
Authors: Merid Mehari Woldemariam , Kibret Anteneh Ayelign , Alem Adugnaw Zeleke , Asratie Melaku Hunie , Aragaw Fantu Mamo , Chilot Dagmawi , Belay Daniel Gashaneh
Published: April 2023

Introduction

There is tremendous regional inequalities and low uptake of modern contraceptives particularly among young women (15–24 years), characterized by high fertility but high unmet need for contraceptives in Ethiopia. Hence, the present study aimed at exploring the spatial distribution and the multi-level determinants of modern contraceptive use among young women in Ethiopia.

Methods

This study was conducted using the 2019 Ethiopian demographic and health survey data on a weighted sample of 3,379 young women. STATA version 14 for the multi-level, and ArcGIS 10.7 and Sat Scan 9.6 for the spatial analysis were used. Spatial analysis was done to identify the hotspot areas of modern contraceptive use in Ethiopia. Multi-variable multi-level logistic regression was used for identifying determinants of modern contraceptive use and variables with a p-value < 0.05 were considered to be significant determinants.

Result

The overall prevalence of modern contraceptive use among young women in Ethiopia was 17.23% (95% CI: 10.98, 23.47). The hotspots areas for modern contraceptive use were detected in the central and south-western Amhara, western and central Oromia, and western SNNPR regions. Whereas the Somali region, Dire dawa, and Harari cities were cold spot areas for modern contraceptive use.

Being married (AOR = 18.5; 95% CI: 12.66, 27.27), parity (AOR = 4.82; 95% CI: 1.27, 18.32), having television (AOR = 2.39; 95%CI: 1.43, 3.99), having radio (AOR = 1.43; 95%CI: 1.05, 1.94) had higher odds of using modern contraceptives compared to their counterparts. Besides, family size of above five (AOR = 0.46; 95% CI: 0.34, 0.62) and living in Somali region (AOR = 0.05; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.32) were associated with decreased odds of using modern contraceptives among young women in Ethiopia.

Conclusion

The modern contraceptive use was low among young women and considerably varied across regions in Ethiopia. A remarkably low rate of modern contraceptive use (cold spot) area was detected in Somali region-Ethiopia. Taking in to account a geographic perspective and key factors identified in this study would be vital for efficient resource allocation, targeted interventions, and informed decision-making to enhance contraceptive uptake in Ethiopia.
Phenomenology as a research methodology in teaching English as a foreign language
Authors: Bonyadi Alireza
Published: April 2023

Considering the fact there is no single research approach capturing the nature of multi-faceted educational phenomena, phenomenology, as a research method, can be employed in educational settings to explore the essence of a certain phenomenon from the perspective of the one who has experienced it. Advocating positioning this methodology in EFL context, the present paper initially, delineates the basic principles of the approach. Then, it illustrates how a phenomenological approach can be applied in language teaching drawing on one of the author’s own case studies in the field of EFL context entitled as EFL student’s perception on her academic failure. The paper concludes that an appropriate application of phenomenology to EFL issues will help language teaching practitioners to broaden their understanding of pedagogical issues through learning from the experiences of teachers and students making them to re-evaluate their presuppositions on numerous educational issues.
Oncolytic virus-based suicide gene therapy for cancer treatment: a perspective of the clinical trials conducted at Henry Ford Health
Authors: Thoidingjam Shivani , Sriramulu Sushmitha , Freytag Svend , Brown Stephen L. , Kim Jae Ho , Chetty Indrin J. , Siddiqui Farzan , Movsas Benjamin , Nyati Shyam
Published: April 2023

Gene therapy manipulates or modifies a gene that provides a new cellular function to treat or correct a pathological condition, such as cancer. The approach of using gene manipulation to modify patient’s cells to improve cancer therapy and potentially find a cure is gaining popularity. Currently, there are 12 gene therapy products approved by US-FDA, EMA and CFDA for cancer management, these include Rexin-G, Gendicine, Oncorine, Provange among other. The Radiation Biology Research group at Henry Ford Health has been actively developing gene therapy approaches for improving clinical outcome in cancer patients. The team was the first to test a replication-competent oncolytic virus armed with a therapeutic gene in humans, to combine this approach with radiation in humans, and to image replication-competent adenoviral gene expression/activity in humans. The adenoviral gene therapy products developed at Henry Ford Health have been evaluated in more than 6 preclinical studies and evaluated in 9 investigator initiated clinical trials treating more than100 patients. Two phase I clinical trials are currently following patients long term and a phase I trial for recurrent glioma was initiated in November 2022. This systematic review provides an overview of gene therapy approaches and products employed for treating cancer patients including the products developed at Henry Ford Health.
Time sensitive networking security: issues of precision time protocol and its implementation
Authors: Berardi Davide , Tippenhauer Nils O. , Melis Andrea , Prandini Marco , Callegati Franco
Published: April 2023

Time Sensitive Networking (TSN) will be an integral component of industrial networking. Time synchronization in TSN is provided by the IEEE-1588, Precision Time Protocol (PTP) protocol. The standard, dating back to 2008, marginally addresses security aspects, notably not encompassing the frames designed for management purposes (Type Length Values or TLVs). In this work we show that the TLVs can be abused by an attacker to reconfigure, manipulate, or shut down time synchronization. The effects of such an attack can be serious, ranging from interruption of operations to actual unintended behavior of industrial devices, possibly resulting in physical damages or even harm to operators. The paper analyzes the root causes of this vulnerability, and provides concrete examples of attacks leveraging it to de-synchronize the clocks, showing that they can succeed with limited resources, realistically available to a malicious actor.
Histopathological categorization of desmoplastic reaction in gallbladder carcinoma: its relation to cancer invasiveness and prognostic utility
Authors: Baruah Abir , Bhuyan Geet , Saikia Projnan
Published: April 2023

Background

Desmoplastic changes in a tumor have been observed to affect the tumor microenvironment, leading to both the facilitation and prevention of tumor invasiveness.

Methods

Between 2016 and 2020, a total of 120 patients were diagnosed with gallbladder carcinoma. The cases were reviewed for the type of desmoplastic reaction, tumor grade, and stage. The type of desmoplastic reaction was classified as mature, intermediate, and immature, and they were correlated with tumor grade and stage.

Results

Out of the total number of cases, 21.67%, 48.33%, 25%, and 5% belonged to stages 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. A total of 79.2% of these cases showed desmoplastic stromal reaction, and there was a significant correlation (p < 0.05) between the type of desmoplasia and tumor grade and stage. The occurrence of immature stroma was correlated with increasing tumor grade and stage, and occurrence of mature stroma was negatively correlated with increasing tumor grade and stage.

Conclusion

The assessment of the type of stromal desmoplastic reaction in primary gallbladder carcinoma can predict the tumor invasiveness.
Regional Anesthesia in a Patient With Shprintzen-Goldberg Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Castro-Aleman Ana Maria , Bolaños-Guzman Diana Patricia , Maillard-Olvera Jimena , Torres-Maldonado Arely Seir
Published: April 2023

Shprintzen–Goldberg syndrome (SGS) is a rare condition characterized by craniofacial, cardiac, and neurologic alterations that can challenge an anesthesiologist. There are a few case reports of pediatric patients with SGS receiving general anesthesia but none about other techniques. A patient with SGS and insufficient dura mater was once reported, and this has caused some anesthesiologists to be wary of regional anesthesia. However, the link between SGS and insufficient dura mater remains unclear. We report the case of a 19-year-old patient with SGS who safely underwent an open cholecystectomy with regional anesthesia.
Occupational and Environmental Challenges for Women
Authors: Lindberg Briana , Rerucha Caitlyn , Givens Melissa
Published: April 2023

The prevalence of women in the global workforce is increasing. Women increasingly participate in nontraditional employment settings in previously male-dominated industries and manually intensive professions, such as military service, emergency response, health care, aviation, space, agriculture, and technical trades. Limited occupational and environmental hazard data specific to women exist for these work environments. Physiologic and biomechanical differences between sexes create unique workplace challenges specific to women. This article will summarize challenges confronting women working in nontraditional employment and identify strategies to mitigate risk within these populations.
Natural Enemies Associated with Black Parlatoria Scale, Parlatoria ziziphi (Lucas) (Homoptera: Diaspididae), in Citrus Orchards at El- Qualubia Governorate, Egypt
Authors: Faskha Shadi Mahmoud
Published: April 2023

A survey on black parlatoria scale, Parlatoria ziziphi (Lucas), natural enemies present at El-Qualubia Governorate, Egypt, during the season 2010-2011, was carried out in an orchard of navel orange. Identification of the collected samples indicated that the most abundant enemies were the ectoparasitoid Aphytis hispanicus (Mercet), the endoparasitoid Prospaltella inquirenda (Silvestri) and two predatory mites Cheletogenes ornatus (Canestrini&Fanzago) and Amblyseius swirskii (Athias-Henriot). Aphytis hispanicus preferred to parasitize on males more than females and nymphs, whereas P. inquirenda preferred to attack females more than males and nymphs. The activity of parasitoids was not observed during the two main periods, the first from July to August, and the second from January to March. On the other hand, the predatory mites, C. ornatus and A. swirskii, prefer nutrition to females more than males and nymphs. The percentage of their population was high during the winter-spring and autumn host generations.
Additional records of hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) from Samos island, Greece.
Authors: Steenis Jeroen van , Ent Leendert-Jan van der , Ssymank Axel , Zuijen Menno van , Steenis Wouter van
Published: April 2023

In connection with the 10th International Symposium on Syrphidae in Lesbos, a pre- and post Symposium collecting expedition was held on the island of Samos, Greece in September 2019. In total 62 species were collected of which 19 are new species to the island of Samos. Moreover Ischiodon aegyptius and Paragus compeditus are new to Greece. The genera Eumerus and Merodon are well investigated in the SE Mediterranean area, and especially the Greek islands. The discovery of respectively five and two new species for Samos during this very short visit shows that with more effort many new species for the fauna of this island are to be expected.
Between a role and identification. Understanding BDSM practices from practitioners’ perspective
Authors: Niebudek Anna , Iniewicz Grzegorz
Published: April 2023

Cel pracy

Celem podjętych badań było poznanie narracji i próba opisu w jaki sposób osoby identyfikujące się z praktykami BDSM (sadomasochizm (S/M), bondage and discipline (B&D)) opisują je, jak je definiują oraz jakie upatrują funkcję praktyk w ich życiu.

Metoda

W badaniu została zastosowana metodologia badań jakościowych – teoria ugruntowana. Zgodnie z jej założeniami, celem jest zbudowanie teorii średniego zasięgu w oparciu o dużą ilość, różnorodnych danych. Grupę badaną stanowiły osoby w wieku 20-49 lat, identyfikujące się jako praktykujące BDSM. Przeprowadzono wywiady intensywne z 12 osobami.

Wyniki

Na podstawie analizy językowej wywiadów wyodrębniono kategorie związane z tożsamością oraz definicją BDSM. Następnie stworzono model teoretyczny opisujący proces definiowania własnej seksualności u osób praktykujących BDSM.

Wnioski

Badania pokazały stadialność procesu definiowania i akceptowania swojej seksualności przez osoby praktykujące BDSM oraz wieloaspektowość identyfikacji z własną rolą w BDSM.
Punktem wyjścia kształtowania się identyfikacji z praktykami BDSM była tożsamość płciowa i orientacja seksualna. Osoby badane definiowały swoją seksualność poprzez identyfikowanie się z rolą w praktykach BDSM lub poprzez czasowe podejmowanie określonej roli. Wydaje się jednak, że definiowanie własnej seksualności u osób praktykujących BDSM nie jest systemem zero-jedynkowym ograniczonym do „tożsamości” lub „roli”, ale raczej continuum, rozciągającym się pomiędzy nimi.
Risk factors for weight gain in patients with first-episode psychosis
Authors: Batko Bogna , Szwajca Marta , Śmierciak Natalia , Krzyściak Wirginia , Turek Aleksander , Pilecki Maciej
Published: April 2023

Cel pracy

Ocena związku między przyrostem masy ciała u pacjentów z pierwszorazowym epizodem psychozy (FEP), a czynnikami psycho-bio-społecznymi i socjologicznymi.

Metoda

W badaniu wzięło udział 25 osób z FEP w wieku 14-35 lat zbadanych w pierwszym tygodniu (P1) oraz po trzech miesiącach hospitalizacji (P3). W ciągu 3 miesięcy u wszystkich pacjentów zdiagnozowano schizofrenię. W badaniu wykorzystano: ankietę socjo-demograficzną, Skali Pozytywnych i Negatywnych Objawów Schizofrenii (PANSS), Inwentarza Stanu i Cechy Lęku (STAI), Kwestionariusza Radzenia Sobie W Sytuacjach Stresowych (CISS), Kwestionariusza Do Badania Zachowań Żywieniowych (QEB), rutynowe wyniki badań biochemicznych. Dla niektórych zmiennych obliczono różnice (zmienna_D) między wartościami w P1 i P3.

Wyniki

Wykazano zależności istotne statystycznie między masą ciała_P1, _P3 oraz _D z indeksem prozdrowotnym diety_P1 i _P3, nasileniem objawów psychotycznych mierzonych PANSS_P1 i _D, CISS skoncentrowanym na emocjach i zadaniu _P1, _P3 oraz _D, masą ciała matki w młodości i aktualną, masą ciała ojca w młodości i aktualną masą ciała oraz liczbą posiadanego przez pacjenta rodzeństwa. W analizie regresji liniowej istotnymi predyktorami masy ciała_P3 okazała się być masa ciała_P1oraz CISS skoncentrowany na emocjach_P1.

Wnioski

Stwierdzono wieloczynnikowe uwarunkowania przyrostu masy ciała w FEP w schizofrenii. Przeciwdziałanie przyrostowi masy ciała nie powinna dotyczyć jedynie diety, ale również tego w jaki sposób nawyki żywieniowe powiązane są z towarzyszącą psychozie psychopatologią oraz funkcjonowaniem emocjonalnym pacjenta.
Potosí: el rostro de la muerte. Megaminería y globalización en los siglos XVI y XVII
Authors: Tova Pinzón Hermes
Published: April 2023

Estudiar Potosí, el centro minero del Alto Perú que inundóde plata los caminos y rutas que vinculaban a América con Europa y a Europa conAsia en el siglo XVI y la primera mitad del siglo XVII, parecería no tenersentido, gracias a las innumerables investigaciones acerca de su importancia enla economía mundial. Sin embargo, en esta investigación se estudian lacondición colonial de la ciudad de Potosí y algunos aspectos de la formación delos mercados locales, regionales e internacionales; el rol de la megaminería enel medio ambiente, los sistemas de trabajo, los mercados, la salud y elmalestar de quienes vivían en los socavones extrayendo el mineral; así como ladescomposición de las comunidades indígenas, convertidas por la ley colonial enun hormiguero de gentes que, arrancadas de sus centros de vida, debían acudiral trabajo de las minas y asumir distintas formas laborales. Igualmente se discuten algunos problemas demétodo que pueden cambiar las imágenes que han prevalecido en los estudios dehistoria económica acerca de la producción anual de los metales. La simpleconversión de los pesos de 8 reales a 450 o 272 maravedís deja de lado losdiferentes tipos de monedas y unidades de valor que registraron los maestres dela plata, cuando arribaron con su botín a los puertos de la península ibérica.Igualmente, la política de los premios cambiarios debido a la devaluación delreal de vellón en España abre muchos interrogantes acerca de la importancia delpeso americano como unidad de transacción universal.
Optimizing Patient-Specific Medication Regimen Policies Using Wearable Sensors in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Baucum Matt , Khojandi Anahita , Vasudevan Rama , Ramdhani Ritesh
Published: April 2023

Effective treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a continual challenge for healthcare providers, and providers can benefit from leveraging emerging technologies to supplement traditional clinic care. We develop a data-driven reinforcement learning (RL) framework to optimize PD medication regimens through wearable sensors. We leverage a data set of n = 26 PD patients who wore wrist-mounted movement trackers for two separate six-day periods. Using these data, we first build and validate a simulation model of how individual patients’ movement symptoms respond to medication administration. We then pair this simulation model with an on-policy RL algorithm that recommends optimal medication types, timing, and dosages during the day while incorporating human-in-the-loop considerations on medication administration. The results show that the RL-prescribed medication regimens outperform physicians’ medication regimens, despite physicians having access to the same data as the RL agent. To validate our results, we assess our wearable-based RL medication regimens using n = 399 PD patients from the Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative data set. We show that the wearable-based RL medication regimens would lead to significant symptom improvement for these patients, even more so than training RL policies directly from this data set. In doing so, we show that RL models from even small data sets of wearable data can offer novel, generalizable clinical insights and medication strategies, which may outperform those derived from larger data sets without wearable data.

This paper was accepted by Carri Chan, healthcare management.

Funding: This research is partially supported by the Science Alliance, University of Tennessee and by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program, Oak Ridge National Laboratory managed by UT-Battelle, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy. Data used in this article were obtained from the Parkinson Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) database, which is sponsored by the Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson’s Research (MJFF).

Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4747 .
The Multiple Facets of Corporate Purpose: An Analytical Typology
Authors: Besharov Marya , Mitzinneck Björn
Published: April 2023

As firms increasingly adopt a corporate purpose, there is substantial variation in what this turn to purpose actually entails and divergent views about whether and how firms can realize their purpose aspirations. To capture this variation and analyze its implications for enacting purpose, we leverage three existing bodies of research in organization and management theory: Early organization theory illuminates uses of purpose to convey an organization’s overarching reason for being, organizational hybridity sheds light on purpose as an alternative organizational objective to profit maximization, and systems perspectives offer tools for explaining purpose as a catalyst of systemic change beyond the boundaries of the firm. The typology that we develop based on these three bodies of research provides analytical clarity about distinct facets of the corporate purpose phenomenon and surfaces complementary insights into challenges and opportunities associated with purpose enactment. In doing so, it illuminates the value of drawing on existing organization and management theories for advancing corporate purpose scholarship and provides a springboard for future research.

History: This paper has been accepted for the Strategy Science Special Issue on Corporate Purpose.
Linguistic Features in the Connected Speech for Primary Progressive Aphasia: Evidence from a Meta-analysis
Authors: Park Jimin , Sung Jee Eun , Kim Young Tae
Published: April 2023

Objectives: Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is a neurodegenerative disease, where language disorder is a predominant symptom. Previous studies demonstrated that individuals with PPA shows different syntactic abilities when compared to other degenerative syndromes, suggesting that connected speech is the appropriate task for examining syntactic features. Therefore, the current study investigated the linguistic features of PPA in connected speech by conducting a systematic review.Methods: Thirteen studies were extracted from the three foreign databases (CINAHL EBSCO, PubMed, SCOPUS). Fluency, syntactic, and lexical features were converted to Hedges’ g to calculate the effect size of speech production among people with PPA and the control, and between linguistic features.Results: First, the PPA group showed a worse performance overall in the connected speech tasks compared to the control, having a moderate effect on only linguistic features. Second, the PPA group showed worse performance compared to the control in the fluency features, having PPA types as a moderator. Third, the control had better performance in the syntactic features, showing severity as a moderator. Lastly, performance between the PPA group and the control in lexical features had a moderate effect on PPA type.Conclusion: The current study demonstrated that the speech production of individuals with PPA in connected speech has a moderate effect on linguistic features. Moreover, the analysis of linguistic features of PPA in connected speech showed that each linguistic features has a different moderator. To be specific, fluency and lexical features were both discriminated by the PPA types, whereas syntactic features were differentiated by the severity, demonstrating that all people with all PPA types had difficulty in syntactic features.
Vocal Turn-taking between Mothers and Their Toddlers with Cochlear Implants
Authors: Lee Gangeun , Lee Youngmee
Published: April 2023

Objectives: This study attempted to identify the quantitative characteristics that appear in vocal turn-taking between mothers and toddlers with cochlear implants (CIs) and to examine the relationships between variables of vocal turn-taking and the language development of the CI and typical hearing (TH) group.Methods: Ten pairs of mothers and toddlers with CIs and 12 pairs of mothers and toddlers with TH participated in this study. Their interactions during a 20-minute free-play task were recorded using a digital recorder. Their vocalizations were coded for vocalization, switching pause, turn-taking block, and overlap using the Praat program.Results: Toddlers with TH took more vocal turns with their mothers than did toddlers with CIs. Toddlers with TH produced significantly more vocalizations than toddlers with CIs; however, there was not a significant difference in the frequency of mothers’ vocalizations between the two groups. Mothers in the TH group produced a significantly highter proportion of vocalizations in turn-taking than mothers in the CI group; however, there was not a significant difference in the proportion of toddlers’ vocalizations between the two groups. Language scores were significantly correlated with the frequency of vocal turn-taking, toddlers’ vocalizations, and mothers’ vocalizations in the CI group.Conclusion: These results suggests that toddlers with CIs are not active partners in vocal turn-taking at an earlier age and that mothers are likely to adjust vocal turn-taking formats to their toddlers with CIs. The variables of vocal turn-taking can be a sensitive index to predict language skills in the CI group.
Meta-analysis of Influential Factors on Perception toward Stuttering
Authors: Lee Kyungjae
Published: April 2023

Objectives: A very diverse group of people have negative perception toward stuttering. However previous studies have shown inconsistent results regarding influential factors on such perceptions toward stuttering. The primary purpose of the current study was to determine whether there are differences in perceptions toward stuttering according to various factors by meta-analysis.Methods: A total of four databases (two Korean and two English databases) were used for the article search in the current study. A total of 42 articles (33 English, 9 Korean) met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed in the current study. Effect sizes (Hedge’s g) were calculated for each outcome and combined for meta-analysis.Results: There was a significant difference in the perception toward stuttering according to overall influential factors. Furthermore, there was a significant difference in perception according to familiarity, education, and areas. However, there was no significant difference in perception according to other factors such as gender of the speaker and listener, occupation, age, career year, stuttering acknowledgment and stuttering severity.Conclusion: The meta-analysis results of the current study showed that the perception toward stuttering is stereotypic but can be modified. Furthermore, more intentional and long-term efforts are needed in order to positively change perception toward stuttering.
Work environment and job satisfaction among nurses in Jordan: a systematic literature review
Authors: Alabed Hasan Rania Wa'el Mohammad
Published: April 2023

The association between work environment and job satisfaction has not been not clearly established among nurses in Jordan. This systematic literature review was carried out to examine the relationship between Jordanian nurses' job satisfaction and their working environment. The following databases were searched: Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Medline, Embase, Ovid and PubMed. Relevant studies that were published in English in a peer-reviewed journal between 2000 and 2021 were eligible for inclusion. The initial search identified 1243 studies, of which five were included in the final review, involving a total of 1489 nurse participants. The results indicated a direct or indirect association between a positive work environment and job satisfaction among nurses in Jordan. This provides further evidence that nurses are more likely to feel satisfied in their jobs if they work in healthy environments, which has implications for staff retention and performance.
Prospective Study of Inter-Trochanteric Fractures of Femur Treated with Biaxial Plate Fixation (Hip Screw and Derotation Screw) with Indiginous Implant
Authors: Surwade Ajay , Mahale Yashwant , Kadu Vikram
Published: April 2023

Background: Intertrochanteric fractures remains the common type of injuries amongst hip fracture. There are different types of classifications systems and different modalities for fixation available. Surgical treatment represents the optimal strategy for managing intertrochanteric fractures. It allows early mobilization rehabilitation and functional recovery and reduces the risk of postoperative complications. Material and methods: Our study consisted of forty two cases of intertrochanteric fracture of femur treated surgically with BIAXIAL PLATE SYSTEM at our institute between July 2012- Dec 2014. Two patients were died within six months of operation so 40 patients were available for follow up. So anatomical and functional assessment of forty patients done. Results: Anatomical results were assessed by presence or absence of shortening, deformity and range of movement. 95 % cases had good results and 5% cases had poor results with shortening more than 1cm in one case and limited hip movement in another case. Functional assessment of 40 patients were done by Harris hip score system and we got excellent result were noted in 12 cases, good in 23 cases, fair in 05 cases and none had poor results. Conclusion: Osteosynthesis with Biaxial Plate offers the advantage of high rotational stability of the head-neck fragment. The advantage of fixation in two axis is, Increased torsional strength 10 times than DHS. Decreases coring out and loosening. Increased axial deforming strength 3 times than DHS. Decreases posterior and superior cut out. Keywords: Intertrochanteric fracture; Biaxial plate system; Osteosynthesis; Indiginous implant.
Removal of Elastic Stable Intramedullary Nail
Authors: Sodhai Vivek M. , Patwardhan Sandeep A. , Sancheti Parag K. , Shyam Ashok K.
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Removal of the elastic stable intramedullary nail (ESIN) after the union is routinely performed in the pediatric population. However, ESIN removal can be lengthy and difficult due to the strong bonding between nail and bone. Technique: We preferred keeping the nail tip tangentially flush (<5mm) to the bone to avoid skin irritation. In our technique, after incision and subcutaneous dissection, the nail tip is identified and exposed using a 6-mm osteotome, and a trough is created around it sufficient enough to pass the hollow mill over it. In cases with buried nail tip, a rectangular cortical window may be required. The nail tip is then gently bent at 90° using the hollow mill as the lever taking care not to cause an iatrogenic fracture. The nail tip is held at the bent from sideways with a plier and the nail is removed by rotatory backward motion or reverse impaction using a mallet in cases of strong bonding between nail and bone. Using this technique, ESIN removal was successful in all 28 cases using the previous incision. Of these cases, 10 were forearm (36%), 8 were tibia (28%), 7 were femur (25%) and 3 were humerus (11%). 6 cases (21%) were considered difficult due to increased thickness of the nails, deeper location of the nail tip, and increased bone growth around the tip of nails. Conclusion: Our technique is simple, innovative, and can be easily reproduced by all Orthopaedic Surgeons. The use of this technique is recommended for all ESIN removals. Keywords: Diaphyseal fractures; Elastic stable intramedullary nail; Hardware removal; Paediatric long bone.
Life course development following childhood adversity: methods and findings from the Christchurch Health and Development Study
Authors: Buchanan Mary , Newton-Howes Giles , McLeod Geri , Boden Joseph
Published: April 2023

Aim:

To review research developments on childhood adversity in the Christchurch Health and Development Study (CHDS) since 2001.

Method:

Narrative overview of the published work of the CHDS since 2001 in the context of research methods.

Results:

The CHDS research has continued to evolve as the cohort has aged. A clear focus has remained on the measurement of outcomes associated with psychosocial risk factors over the life course. This focus has allowed the CHDS to examine the linkages between exposure to adversity in childhood and later mental health, psychosocial and occupational outcomes across the life span to middle adulthood. The CHDS has many strengths, including prospective measurement of a broad and deep set of constructs, the use of multiple informants for data, and a range of statistical approaches suited to repeated measures longitudinal data. The CHDS has pioneered new approaches to the study of human development over the lifespan, which has been instrumental in investigating childhood adversity.

Conclusion:

The CHDS continues to provide unique information from a population cohort that has been studied for more than four decades. Future research will include examination of factors that mitigate the effects of childhood adversity and enhance resilience.