bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On F-implicit Minimal Vector Variational Inequalities
Authors: Roohi Mehdi , Mohsen Rostamian Delavar
Published: April 2022

In this paper, by introducing some new concepts in minimal spaces, we prove a generalized form of the Fan-KKM theorem in minimal vector spaces. A new class of minimal generalized vector F-implicit variational inequality problems and, as an application of Fan-KKM theorem is investigated. Moreover, an existence theorem for this kind of problems under some suitable assumptions in minimal vector spaces is given.
Natural Tolerance Development to Peach in a Child with Lipid Transfer Protein Allergy
Authors: Queirós Gomes Joana , Presa Ana Rita , Reis Ferreira Ana
Published: April 2022

Non-specific lipid transfer proteins (LTPs), present in multiple plant foods and pollens, are the predominant allergen in peach allergy in the Mediterranean region and may induce life-threatening allergic reactions. Although reasonably studied in adults, LTP allergy has been rarely described in children, and to the best of the author’s knowledge, natural tolerance development during childhood to this allergen has not been reported to date. The authors reported the case of a 21 month-old boy who presented urticaria and facial edema 15 minutes after eating a peach. Sensitization to peach LTP was confirmed by skin prick tests and specific IgE. At the age of 32 months, skin prick tests and specific IgE to peach LTP were negative, so a food challenge was performed. The child tolerated one medium-sized peach. Peach and peach-related fruits were reintroduced in the child’s diet. The authors discuss the relevance of regular allergy workup and dietary recommendations in children with LTP allergy.
The Profile of Leprosy Patients in Aceh: Retrospective Study
Authors: Earlia Nanda , Budini Sulamsih Sri , Ramadana Dea Silvia , Bulqiah Mikyal , Tasrif Aqil Yuliawan , R Randika Richard , Pangestu Muhammad Adji , Raihani Annisa , Batrisyia Auni , Cahyaningsih Eva , Nurafika Fanny Adlin , Genepo Istiqomah , Mufti Nadira Sabrina
Published: April 2022

Backgrounds: Morbus Hansen or leprosy is a chronic granulomatous infectious disease caused by the obligate intracellular Mycobacterium leprae bacillus. Leprosy can cause loss of sensation in the skin with or without lesions and body dysfunction during the course of the disease. In Aceh, there were 337 new cases of leprosy in 2019 and this was the highest case in Sumatra. Purpose: To analyze the profile of leprosy patients in the Department of Dermatology and Venereology of RSUDZA Banda Aceh. Methods: Observational descriptive study with retrospective design, using medical record of leprosy patients who visited Dermatology and Venereology Outpatient Clinic RSUDZA Banda Aceh for the period of January 2017 – December 2021. Result: A total of 183 leprosy patients were obtained from the study. Most cases occured in male patients (68.3%), the majority was in the 18-40 year age group (60.1%), most patients live outside of Banda Aceh (71%). The most frequently reported type of leprosy was the multibacillary type (71.6%). Leprosy patients without disability were 35.5%, the majority did not experience a leprosy reaction (71%), the most common morphology of the lesion was erythematous (29.5%), and the highest proportion of the bacteriological and morphological index was negative (46.4% and 50.8% respectively). Conclusion: The diagnosis of leprosy was based on clinical, bacteriological, and histopathological features. Early diagnosis, patient access to treatment, early initiation of treatment and adherence to therapy would reduce the disease transmission thus would decrease the prevalence of leprosy in Aceh.
Secukinumab Therapy in Psoriasis Management
Authors: Yunita Ira , Anggraeni Sylvia
Published: April 2022

Background : In recent years, use of biological therapy in psoriasis has increased as a result of advances in understanding the pathophysiology of psoriasis disease. Biological agents currently approved for the treatment of moderate to severe plaque psoriasis including inhibitor TNF-α (adalimumab, etanercept, infliximab), inhibitor IL-17 (ixekizumab, brodalumab, secukinumab), inhibitor IL-12/IL-23 (ustekinumab), and inhibitor IL-23 (guselkumab, tildrakizumab). Secukinumab is a human monoclonal antibody that selectively neutralizes IL-17A, a cytokine involved in the development of psoriasis. Review: Psoriasis is a chronic skin inflammation with the characteristic form of erythematous plaque firmly, thick scale, layered, and silvery-white. The trigger factors cause damage to the skin and produce cytokines IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-17, and IL-22. This proinflammatory cytokine induces the proliferation of keratinocytes and subsequently causes skin inflammation, leading to plaque psoriasis formation. Biologic agents are utilized to block those cytokines. There are three main classes of biological agents in the treatment of psoriasis: inhibitor TNFα, inhibitor IL-17, and inhibitor IL-23. Secukinumab is a fully human antibody that selectively binds and neutralizes IL-17A. Conclusion: Biological agents targeting IL-17 receptors are more effective and safer than biological agents that target TNF-α and IL-23 receptors for moderate to severe plaque psoriasis treatment. Secukinumab has been approved for plaque psoriasis therapy in adults, psoriasis arthritis (PsA), and ankylosing spondylitis.
The Intake of Young Diplomats as an Instrument of the Russian MFA Renewal
Authors: Kolpakov A. , Bobrov A.
Published: April 2022

As opposed to the overwhelming majority of researches within the so called “Diplomatic studies” that focus on an institutional design of external services (which appears to be “the form” of diplomacy per se), this article deals with “the substance” of the matter in question, paying special attention to the means and ways of educating and integrating young diplomats into the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia. Unlike the State Department (the USA), Foreign Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO, the UK), le Quais d’Orsay (the MFA of France) or Das Auswärtige Amt (the MFA of Germany), that are influenced by the so-called “political appointees”, the Russian diplomatic service is renowned for its “career diplomats”, who generation after generation are recruited into the Ministry to form (by means of different vertical and horizontal ties) a close-knit team that promotes the country’s national interests on the world stage. Thus, the authors explore the process of renewal of the Russian diplomatic service, whereby young diplomats are being purposefully groomed in several national Universities (namely, MGIMO-University or Diplomatic Academy) to subsequently rise through the ranks of the Ministry by taking disparate career trajectories (for example, depending on or, conversely, irrespective of the foreign languages they acquired), occupying different job families (desk work, protocol, interpretation, consular service, public relations, etc.), taking part in a diplomatic rotation that will bring them to various home (in Headquarters) and overseas (Embassies, Permanent Missions and Consulate- Generals) postings and acquiring new ranks as a prerequisite to promotion from junior to senior positions. As a result, Russia’s diplomatic service has come to be seen as a full-fledged system, the key to understanding of which lies not in depicting the existing institutional framework (which appears to be the focus of the overwhelming majority of works on the matter), but in scrutinizing main recruitment principles and the MFA’s personnel policy, thoroughly analyzed in this article.
Economic Globalization and Regional Integration in the Post-Covid Era
Authors: Zagashvili V.
Published: April 2022

While significant, the impact of the COVID 19 pandemic on economic globalization and regional integration is temporary. The same objective factors that existed before the pandemic will determine integration trends in the future. The key role belongs to scientific and technical progress, and the effect of the pandemic was rather on the stimulating side here. Research in the field of medicine accelerated, online mode is already all-pervading and digitalization tends to become ubiquitous. The crisis has brought closer the onset of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, which is expected to open the next stage of globalization, entailing shifts in the structure and dynamics of world production and trade. It can be assumed that new technologies will contribute to the development of the organization of global value chains (GVC), one of the main drivers of economic globalization and regional integration. Probable changes in the way of life and the corresponding shifts in consumption patterns in favor of services will also contribute to modifications in the structure of GVCs. Apparently, we should expect an increase in the processes of glocalization, which can be briefly defined as globalization with local specifics. COVID 19, which has caused disruptions in supply chains, has strengthened the course of self-reliance in the economic policy of some countries. The inconsistency between the method used by governments (protectionism) and the driving forces of the phenomenon that they are trying to resist (scientific and technological progress) leads to losses in productivity and competitiveness. It is necessary to distinguish between re-industrialization, stimulated by artificial methods, from re-industrialization, which has objective reasons and corresponds to the evolution of the world economy. The latter is not equivalent either to the return of previously exported production facilities or to the re-creation of the “pre-globalization” economic structure and cannot be regarded as a manifestation of de-globalization tendencies. The world realized the need to strengthen international cooperation and develop measures aimed at joint preparation and a coordinated response to possible new threats. Outbreaks of protectionism prove to be temporary. The long-term trend towards international trade liberalization will continue.
Contemporary Biosafety Challenges and Perspectives of International Cooperation
Authors: Zavriev S.
Published: April 2022

Biological safety is one of the most important components of the overall security system of both individual states and the entire world community. Today it has become quite obvious that the problems of biosafety are more urgent than ever and require the maximum attention of the world community. Against the background of the emergence and spread of diseases caused, as a rule, by dangerous and especially dangerous microorganisms, a number of problems arise in the world not only in the field of health care, but also of a political, social and economic nature. A striking example of this is the COVID 19 coronavirus pandemic that has continued since the end of 2019. The issues related to biosafety in the agricultural sector and ecology are considered. It is obvious that constant monitoring and analysis of a wide range of biosafety problems, early development of measures to minimize the threats of exposure to already known dangerous pathogens not only on human health, but also on the environment, agricultural and food sectors are necessary. The issues related to the development of new research directions that can lead to the creation of biological systems with specified properties and functions that have no analogues in nature are discussed. In research aimed at the development of new biological technologies, to one degree or another related to the production of biological warfare, the primary and mandatory requirement is to ensure the safety of all personnel involved in these works and the availability of well-trained qualified scientists, as well as certified laboratory facilities in which these works are carried out. It is important to constantly pursue the purposeful development of multilateral international cooperation in the field of biosafety, and make creative decisions to ensure it on the territory of the Russian Federation. The importance of Russia’s active international participation in solving existing and potential biological threats within the framework of the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention (BTWC) and the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) is noted.
Распространение вариантов вируса SARS-COV-2, вызывающих озабоченность (VOC) и интерес (VOI) на основе количества их геномов, депонированных в базу данных GISAID за неделю с 26.03.2022 г. по 01.04.2022 г.
Authors: Дмитриева Людмила , Краснов Ярослав , Чумачкова Елена , Осина Наталья , Зимирова Анастасия , Иванова Александра , Карнаухов Игорь , Караваева Татьяна , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир
Published: April 2022

В обзоре представлен анализ распространения геновариантов вируса SARS-CoV-2, вызывающих озабоченность (VOC) и интерес (VOI) на основе их геномов в базе GISAID за неделю с 26.03.2022 г. по 01.04.2022 г.
Анализ динамики эпидемического процесса COVID-19 в мире за неделю с 02.04.2022 г. по 08.04.2022 г.
Authors: Зимирова Анастасия , Поспелов Михаил , Иванова Александра , Дмитриева Людмила , Чумачкова Елена , Карнаухов Игорь , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир
Published: April 2022

В обзоре представлен анализ эпидемиологической ситуации в странах мира по COVID-19, за неделю с 02.04.2022 г. по 08.04.2022 г.
South Shore of Long Island, New York Regional Sediment Management Investigation : an overview of challenges and opportunities
Authors: Jansson Anna , Heer Arun , Rice Suzana , Buonaiuto Frank , Tommaso Danielle , Bocamazo Lynn , Couch Stephen , McDonald Jodi
Published: April 2022

The US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) is conducting the “South Shore of Long Island, New York Regional Sediment Management Investigation” to further understand sediment dynamics and to develop a comprehensive regional sediment management plan for the south shore of Long Island, New York. Regional sediment management is a systems approach using best management practices for more efficient and effective use of sediments in coastal, estuarine, and inland environments. This investigation seeks to characterize sediment movement on the south shore of Long Island as a holistic system across the entire study area. It focuses on the regional system post-Hurricane Sandy (October 2012) as the storm significantly altered the physical landscape with severe shoreline erosion, which resulted in the construction of projects to reduce the risk of future storms and stakeholder priorities with a new emphasis on bay-side sediment dynamics, such as channel shoaling and disappearing wetlands. Despite the fact the storm caused severe erosion, the equilibrium beach profile, depth of closure, and general shoreline orientation seem to be unaffected. Previous studies have characterized sediment movement at specific sections of the south shore, but these data have not been incorporated to create a system-wide perspective. Coordinating sediment management across the six Atlantic Ocean inlets, Great South Bay Channel, Intracoastal Waterway, and coastal storm risk management (CSRM) projects could save the federal government millions of dollars in dredging and sand placement actions. This technical note presents the progress the investigation has made to date and will be followed with a more in-depth technical report titled South Shore of Long Island, New York Regional Sediment Management Investigation: A Post-Hurricane Sandy Shoreline Evaluation, currently in preparation.
Occurrence and origin of glauconite in the Cambro-Ordovician Bliss Formation of southern New Mexico and West Texas (U.S.A.)
Authors: Krainer Karl , Tropper Peter , Krenn Kurt , Lucas Spencer G.
Published: April 2022

In southern New Mexico and West Texas, USA, the Late Cambrian–Early Ordovician Bliss Formation is a relatively thin and dominantly siliciclastic succession that was deposited on the Proterozoic basement during a major global transgression. The Bliss Formation can be divided into two members: 1) a lower, coarser-grained member composed mostly of sandstone (quartz arenite and subarkose) that lacks glauconite and calcite cement, and 2) an upper, finer-grained member that includes glauconitic sandstone, arkosic sandstone, and mixed siliciclastic–carbonate siltstone to fine-grained sandstone, intercalated with thin carbonate beds of grainstone, packstone, and rudstone. Iron oolite and oolitic sandstone are locally exposed at the base of the upper member. Sandstone of the lower member represents upper-shoreface to foreshore deposits, whereas sedimentary structures in the upper member indicate deposition in a middle- to lower-shoreface setting, and locally in a tidal-flat environment. Intercalated carbonate beds are storm layers (tempestites). Glauconite grains are abundant in the upper member as mostly rounded to well-rounded, spheroidal to ovoidal pellets. Two types of glauconite grains are present: homogeneous, dark green grains with high K2O contents (> 8 wt.%; stage 4) and mottled pellets composed of a mixture of glauconite and apatite. Glauconite of the Bliss Formation is not autochthonous as proposed by earlier workers, but of allochthonous (parautochthonous) origin. Thus, the glauconite grains were reworked from deeper shelf environments in northern Mexico to the south and were transported and deposited under regressive–transgressive conditions. Mottled glauconite grains formed by the reworking of phosphatized and glauconitized micritic sediments during regression and were transported and deposited by storm-induced currents, particularly in storm layers during transgressive events. Homogeneous, mature glauconite grains probably were derived from the reworking of glauconitized fecal pellets or completely glauconitized micritic sediments during regressive–transgressive cycles. The world-wide occurrence of glauconite in Cambrian–Early Ordovician sediments indicates that glauconite formation during that period can be considered as a “global event.”
Landscape Linguistic of Sumenep Tourism Destination in the New Normal Era
Authors: Diana Putri Nur , Wildaniyah Tazkiyatul , Oktavia Tiara Agil Tri , Ekawati Rosyida
Published: April 2022

This study examines linguistic landscape perspective of language used in labeling historical objects at the Keraton Sumenep Museum. Keraton Sumenep Museum is a place to collect, treat, present and preserve the historical objects of the Sumenep Palace and one of the tourism destination in Sumenep.  It employed a qualitative method to describe and explain the languages displayed, the sign meterials, and the sign categories in the museum following the taxonomy signs by Spolsky and Cooper. The applied method has assisted the researchers to reach the objectives of this study by getting 124 pictures of landscape linguistic signs. The result of this research shows that linguistic landscape in the museum buildings consist of monolingual and bilingual in Indonesian and English language. The Indonesian language is being chosen because most of the visitors are from locals who can communicate in Indonesian. Moreover, English language is displayed in LL because there are a number of international tourists who come to visit the museum.
US Raciolinguistics Heated Discourses: Can They be Brought to Indonesia?
Authors: Azhar Iqbal Nurul
Published: April 2022

Raciolinguistics gained its momentum to grow fast when the Black Lives Matter (BLM) movement achieved its popularity in the United States. However, although the number of debates regarding raciolinguistic contributions to minimize racism acts among language experts in the United States has been continuously growing, this condition seems to have no significant impact on Indonesian linguistic study. From the library research, it has been found that even though the language racism issues, whether individual, communal and epistemic, are very common to be found in Indonesia, the attempts to bring raciolinguistics and language racism as a central discourse is so little. Indonesia has a multiracial society which makes this situation susceptible to disintegration without proper racism management. A survey published by the Washington Post newspaper puts Indonesia into the 5 most racist countries in the world and mentions 30-39.9 percent of Indonesia's citizens are racist. This survey is an indicator that racism might become a great issue for Indonesia. Based on this reason this article is presented. The article explains the background of the emergence of raciolinguitics, its development in the US, and the urgency of raciolinguistics to be developed in Indonesia. This article also describes some of the challenges that raciolinguitics might face in their efforts to introduce raciolinguitics in Indonesia.
Cognitive Behaviors in Indonesia- English Translation: Exploring Translation Processes
Authors: Nufus Tatu Zakiyatun
Published: April 2022

Cognitive development which emerged in Europe in 18century was concerned with the nature of knowledge and with structures and processes by which it was acquired. The research is a qualitative study that investigates translation cognitive behavior in Indonesian – English text which explored the translation process of Indonesian text. This research used descriptive analysis to interpret the data. The data source is recording video or transcription data that run between a female student and her professor in getting meaning of the word in good translation using many strategies in finding appropriate meaning. Cognitive behaviors show all mental processes which people use on daily basis such as memory, learning, problem-solving, evaluation, and decision making, these activities can help the translator to generate ideas in identifying difficult words from the source text to target language.
The Asperger and Child Pornography
Authors: Ferrer A. Raquel S.
Published: April 2022

In this comment, the relationship between Asperger syndrome and the use of pornography is discussed. The mistake of professionals and judges who justify this anti-social behavior in Asperger individuals is taken into account.
Home / Archives / No. 2 (2022) / Philosophy and Science Evolutionary Approach to Consciousness in Modern Philosophy and Interdisciplinary Studies
Authors:   School of Philosophy, Zhengzhou University, Kanaev Ilya A. , Dryaeva Ella D. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: April 2022

Experiencing, awareness, and being conscious of the subjective experience are familiar to everyone and invariably bear the stamp of subjectivity. This makes the concept of consciousness one of the most problematic in modern science; insofar as there is no satisfactory definition of human consciousness that has been developed yet. This article reviews the most popular approaches to the definition of consciousness in modern philosophy and cognitive sciences. Our study continues the tradition of the Russian activity-based approach in studying consciousness, thus the greatest attention is paid to studies that consider con­sciousness in the context of interaction with the world and the culture. The au­thors consider the latest data of anthropology and neuroscience in order to find the features that distinguish human consciousness from the other forms of sub­jective reality, which are present in the other species. Based on the provided analysis, the authors propose to define human consciousness as a characteristic ability of a human to control their actions at the level of intentions, which should be mastered during the life. Therefore, it becomes possible to distinguish particular features of the human consciousness from other forms of subjective reality and to show the logic of the evolutionary development of subjective re­ality. This result can become a foundation for further research on how to iden­tify most common subjective states of human with the corresponding activity of the neural system.
The Question Concerning Conceptualization of Philosophy: Heidegger and Lask
Authors:   HSE University, Melnikova Ekaterina V.
Published: April 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of approaches to the conceptualization of philosophical inquiry in the projects of Heidegger’s fundamental ontology and Lask’s logic of philosophy. The basis for such a comparison is the adaptation of some of the conceptual tools of Lask’s philosophy in Heidegger’s writings. The approach developed in the article continues the analysis of the genesis of con­cepts of fundamental ontology, outlined in the research literature. Such analysis involves referring to Heidegger’s early writings and identifying significant inter­textual connections, among which, undoubtedly, is the conceptual connection of Heidegger’s philosophy with Lask’s works. The purpose of this paper is primar­ily to show that behind this adaptation of the conceptual tools lies the area of re­search common to both philosophers, which is most clearly presented in their metaphilosophical reflections related to the problem of the formation of cate­gories of philosophy. For this purpose, the article examines the most significant ideas of Lask for this problem, such as the differentiation of the roles of constitu­tive and reflexive categories, the principle of material determination of the logi­cal forms, the categorial affectedness of non-sensible material, etc., as well as concepts such as validity (Geltung), material involvement (Bewandtnis), prethe­oretical meanings, the moment of clarity, etc. At the same time, the paper states that Heidegger adopts these ideas critically, and also builds his strategy of con­ceptualizing the question of being on the basis, which is methodologically differ­ent from Lask’s logic of validity.
Verse-glorification of the Buddha from the first Canto of the Bhagavata Purana
Authors:   Altai State Agricultural University, Ostanin Vadim V. , Subotyalov Mikhail A. ,   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University
Published: April 2022

This article is devoted to the study of the image of the Buddha, manifested in the pages of perhaps the most influential Purana, namely, the Bhagavata Purana, or sim­ply the Bhagavata. The study of this image will allow us to see the points of possible mutual understanding and interaction between Buddhists and Vishnuites (Vaish­navas). This study is limited to the analysis of the first stanza in the Bhagavata Pu­rana that glorifies the Buddha. This stanza is analyzed by various medieval and mod­ern Indian commentators (Sridhara, Madhva, Vallabha, Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati, Bhaktiprajnana Kesava, Bhaktivedanta). As a result of the analysis of the text, it was revealed that the first stanza-the glorification of the Buddha from the Bhagavata Pu­rana-has at least four readings, each of which offers variations around the name of the father (or mother) The Buddhas. Bhaktiprajnana’s suggestion of two different Bud­dhas, Shakyamuni Buddha and avatara Buddha, who preached at different times, is remarkably interesting, but not obvious. The place of the appearance of the Buddha, indicated in the Bhagavata Purana – Bodh-Gaya, does not coincide with the birth­place of Shakyamuni Buddha, but coincides with the place of his Enlightenment.
The Problem of Conceptualization of Darśana-s Cognizing Subject
Authors:   HSE University, Kanaeva Nataliya A.
Published: April 2022

There in the article the author considers the problem of using the two most im­portant concepts of Western philosophy, reason and rationality, for the translation of Indian logico-epistemological texts written in Sanskrit. This is one of the many problems arose in connection with using of Western philosophy language for describing and explanation of non-Western philosophical concepts. Since in the West the reason is considered as the highest cognitive ability of the subject of knowledge, in the article three generalized models of the subject (in Vedānta, Jainism and Buddhism) are reconstructed. The models demonstrate that the us­age of the concept of reason in translations of traditional Indian philosophical texts leads to distortions of autochthonous texts’ meanings. The author reinforces her conclusion by suggesting the hypothesis of three main determinants of the inapplicability of the concept of reason, which are derived from the differences in the history of Indian and Western intellectual cultures. Those determinants were: the lack of consensus on the issue of structure of the subject among Indian philosophers due to their belonging to different traditions; the lack of the idea of the Highest (Absolut) divine Reason; the absence of the absolutization of human mind, which elevates man above all other living beings as capable of cognition and reasoning.
Sergei Khorouji – In Memoriam
Authors:   Maison des Sciences de l’Homme d’Aquitaine, Université Bordeaux Montaigne, Dennes Maryse
Published: April 2022

I first got to know Sergei Sergeyevich Khorouji through his publications. This happened in the early 1990s, some time after the defense of my dissertation. I have written about different types of historical experiences in Russia and the West. The editor-in-chief of La Revue philosophique de France et de l’étranger, Yvon Bres, who was present at the defense, invited me to write for this edition a review of selected materials on Russian philosophy published in the journal Voprosy Filosofii. New issues at that time regularly came to their editorial office. I agreed, and from that moment, my correspondence acquaintance with Sergei Sergeevich began. His article “The Philosophical Process in Russia as a Meeting of Philosophy and Orthodoxy” [Хоружий 1991] aroused extraordinary interest. Sergei Sergeevich, who studied the features of the historical life being of Russia, presented a model that he considered fundamental for the development of re­search on the intellectual history of Russia. This coincided surprisingly with my own scientific concerns at that time. In a way, I felt like we were meant to meet and collaborate. And that is precisely what happened.
Transforming of Consciousness in the Digital Space: from Narrative to Storytelling
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Shchedrina Irina O.
Published: April 2022

The article suggests that narrative strategies are transforming in the modern digi­tal space, and the ways of narration are changing. The narrative turns into storytelling: a holistic presentation (story) connected by semantic unity is replaced by a clip (in which one can only guess about the connections and relationships between its individ­ual elements, they are not articulated at the verbal level), the textually formed verbal reasoning is replaced by a fragmentary scattering of visual images (often chosen quite arbitrarily). And, accordingly, the self-consciousness of a person who comes to the media world, who lives in it, changes. Before our eyes, the classical narrative is “dy­ing”, and the reflexive self-consciousness of the author-writer working with large textual forms is fading away. They are being replaced by an author-director who no longer tells us his self-consciousness but non-verbally (facial expressions, gestures, etc.). At the same time, the self-consciousness of the perceiving narrative changes as well – from an active-understanding one: reading and listening, it becomes a pas­sively perceiving one: a spectator. The consequences of a permanent stay in the digi­tal space for a person’s self-consciousness can be traced through autobiographical narratives in media reality (personal pages on social networks, diaries, blogs, TikTok, etc. become a typical example). Turning to these phenomena in the context of digital­ization, the author clarifies the role of digital self-identification and its influence on the formation of self-consciousness and personality in the modern era.
Transformation of The Philosophical and Soteriological Principles of The Buddhism in China
Authors:   Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yangutov Leonid E.
Published: April 2022

The article examines the process of transformation of the philosophical and sote­riological teachings of Buddhism in China as a result of the interaction of the Chinese and Indo-Buddhist civilizations. The substantiation is given that the transformation of Buddhism was a natural process of adaptation of Buddhism in China, which did not distort the original principles of maternal Buddhism. It rep­resented a logical process for the further development of Buddhism in the Far East. It is shown that Buddhism, which brought new soteriological and philo­sophical principles to this country, collided with traditional religious beliefs and a rich philosophical tradition, which necessitated its adaptation to the local men­tality and adaptation to the Chinese sociocultural bedrock. A comparative analy­sis of the religious beliefs of the Chinese and Indo-Buddhist religious principles, as well as the philosophical argumentation of Buddhism and traditional Chinese philosophy is given. The article notes the difficulties that Buddhism faced on its way, when entering the Chinese socio-cultural environment, as well as the objec­tive and subjective conditions that contributed to the spread of soteriological and philosophical attitudes in China. The canonical texts of Mahayana Buddhism are indicated, the content of which became accordant with the Chinese worldview and served for Tao Sheng to put forward his famous thesis about the instant at­tainment of Buddhahood, which served as the starting point for the development of a new soteriological trend in the Far East. The analysis of the process of adap­tation of soteriological principles to the Chinese mentality is given, the ontolo­gization of the philosophical attitudes of Buddhism as a result of its collision with the natural-philosophical teaching of Chinese philosophy is shown. It is substantiated that the formation of a new soteriological direction of Buddhism in China influenced the philosophical content of Buddhism, which determined the formation of a qualitatively new stage in the development of Buddhism in the Far East.
Analysis of the Ontological Contexts of Comparing Nāgārjuna’s Arguments against Motion with Zeno’s Paradoxes and the Hermeneutic Importance of Tsongkhapa’s Ocean of Arguments
Authors:   Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Urbanaeva Irina S.
Published: April 2022

The author, based on the analysis of the main comparative interpretations of the arguments “against motion”, given in the second chapter of Nāgārjuna’s “Mūla­madhyamakakārikā” and in the famous Zeno’s paradoxes, highlights the leading ontological contexts for comparing the Madhyamaka of Nāgārjuna with the teachings of Western philosophers. This is, firstly, the absolutist context in which one can find the parallelism of the teachings of Parmenides and Madhyamaka in the Chinese interpretation. Secondly, this is the context of transcendentalist on­tology (Kant, Husserl, Heidegger, Wittgenstein, etc.), in which it is possible to establish the similarities and differences between Indo-Tibetan Madhyamaka and Western transcendentalism in the field of dialetheism and the study of the true contradictions of being in the process of ontological questioning. The article also defines the hermeneutic significance of the Indo-Tibetan commentary tradition as an useful “key” to the correct understanding of Nāgārjuna’s Madhyamaka. An example of Tibetan hermeneutic methodology is the commentary of the founder of the Tibetan Gelugpa school Je Tsongkhapa. This text called “The Ocean of Arguments”, almost unknown in Russian philosophical literature. Tsongkhapa’s commentary makes it clear that Nāgārjuna in the second chapter of the MMK does not put forward arguments against motion in the physical sense and does not deny the existence of motion. But he gives, using the example of walking, a substantiation of the impossibility of self-existent things and pro­cesses, including denying the existence “by nature”, “by virtue of their own essence” of persons who are born, live, die and are reborn in the wheel of cyclic existence. The second chapter of the MMK serves the implementation of the general soteriological project of Madhyamaka.
University as the Heart of Culture. Conversation between T.G. Shchedrina and A.D. Korol
Authors:   Belarusian State University, Korol Andrei D. , Shchedrina Tatiana G. ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: April 2022

Conversation of the executive secretary of the journal Voprosy filosofii T.G. Shchedrina with the rector of the Belarusian State University, A.D. Korol on the eve of the 100th anniversary of the University. The discussion concerned the problems of modern education, of the place of the University in national and world culture, of its current transformations, as well as the role of communica­tion in philosophy, teaching and upbringing.
Adolf Reinaсh and His Forgotten Phenomenology of Law Project
Authors:   Togliatti State University, Pantykina Marina I.
Published: April 2022

The main point of the article is that methodology of the theory and philosophy of law needs update. As a solution, it is proposed to turn to the undeservedly forgot­ten achievements of the theory of a priori foundations of the civil law by Adolf Reinach. The article presents such directions as the onto-epistemological sub­stantiation of integrative legal thinking and the linguistic aspect of the studies of social acts. It substantiates that Reinach’s contribution to the implementation of the first direction consists in identifying the ontological reasons for the limita­tions of positive law, and shows the conditions for the constitution of the integra­tive legal object of civil law – the promises. The need for the development of the second direction is proved with the help of a comparative analysis of Reinach theory of social acts and the theory of speech acts in analytical philosophy. In particular, he made it possible to identify the following, anticipating the achieve­ments of analytical philosophy, the conceptual provisions of Reinach: 1) speech acts are derived from social acts and, as a result, 2) the structure of speech acts is similar to the structure of social acts, 3) the authenticity of speech acts is a condi­tion for implementation communicative intentions, 4) the structure of social acts determines the responsiveness of the subject of speech acts; 5) promise is a proto­type(protoform) of normativity; 6) the dichotomy of the conditional and the uncon­ditional, the absolute and the relative in social acts and in the corresponding speech acts should be resolved on the basis of an integrative approach.
Humanistic Potential of Soviet Critical Marxism
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Buzgalin Alexander V. , Bulavka-Buzgalina Ludmila A. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Kolganov Andrey I. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: April 2022

The article examines the objective grounds for the possibility and necessity of reviv­ing the humanistic heritage of Soviet critical Marxism of the 1960s and 1970s, one of the leaders of which was E.V. Ilyenkov. The main methodological features of this di­rection are highlighted: development and consistent implementation of materialistic dialectical method in solving problems of personality, social exclusion, etc.; identifi­cation of objective laws of social development and criteria of social progress (free harmonious development of personality); study of the contradiction of human social existence as a product of dominant social relations and as a creator of history, etc. These elaborations of Soviet critical Marxism are put in the context of the processes of development of humanistic philosophical thought. The authors show that the main achievements of this school are developed (in some cases independently of the So­viet tradition) by modern supporters of eco-socio-cultural priorities of the social de­velopment. Special attention is paid to the achievements of Soviet critical Marxism in the study of personality problems and prospects for free harmonious human develop­ment in a voluntary working association. The article shows that in modern condi­tions, both positive (technological progress leading to the priority development of creative activity) and negative (the need to remove social exclusion) grounds for the implementation of this imperative are developing. The article concludes with an anal­ysis of the contradictory trends in the development of the USSR, which created the basis for the development of both dogmatic and critical Marxism, and indicates that the traditions of Ilyenkov and his colleagues in the post-Soviet space are being devel­oped by new generations, in particular, by representatives of the post-conscientious school of critical Marxism.
The Art of Doing Good or On the Meaning of Philosophic Borrowings
Authors:   Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Ryskeldiyeva Lora T.
Published: April 2022

Amid the criticism of academic philosophy this article raises the question of what philosophy is capable of doing in order to achieve mutual understanding between cultures. Where shall reflexivity of a person, whose goal is to do good, be directed? What is the universal understanding of how to do good and whether Eurocentrism hinders its comprehension? While comparing two possible an­swers to these questions – the Kantian and the Buddhist one – the author is try­ing to avoid relativism and consumerism, where mutual understanding is either impossible or reduced to a relationship of worldview details exchange, to bor­rowings. Therefore, philosophic action is understood here as a matter of transla­tion according to the model “the same but differently”, where “differently” is as­sociated with the knowledge of peculiarities of a different culture and “the same” is associated with the area of meaning. The European logic of meaning allows it to be expressed by a set of eternal (metaphysical) issues, to solve which free re­flexivity may also turn to materials of another culture. The Kantian answer to the question “How to do Good?” has given a proactive lawmaker, which line of ap­proach is implementation of the universal law of morality. Difficulties along this path make I.Kant consider virtue to be art and see “aesthetic mechanism” in it, ability to contemplate your own morals. Can a Kantian learn this art from Bud­dhists? Virtue for Vasubandhu is also a Path but there is no universal law along it and “giving Dharma” shall be done differently to different people. In addition, the abhidharmist does not separate “practice” of psychotechnics from absorption of “theory” and classification of dharmas, what European is prevented from un­derstanding due to a different conceptual mold, another system of differences. Noting its specificity and answering the question of meaning of borrowings, the author expresses doubt in regards to its presence.
Multiplex CRISPR genome regulation in mouse retina with hyper-efficient Cas12a
Authors: Guo Lucie Y. , Bian Jing , Davis Alexander E. , Liu Pingting , Kempton Hannah R. , Zhang Xiaowei , Chemparathy Augustine , Gu Baokun , Lin Xueqiu , Rane Draven A. , Jamiolkowski Ryan M. , Hu Yang , Wang Sui , Qi Lei S.
Published: April 2022

CRISPR-Cas nucleases and their nuclease-deactivated dCas variants have revolutionized the field of genome editing and gene regulation. Cas12a possesses intrinsic RNAse activity and can process multiple functional crRNAs from a single long transcript, making it a powerful tool for multiplex gene targeting. We engineered a dCas12a variant termed hyperCas12a with superior efficacy in gene editing and multiplex gene regulation, especially at restrictive crRNA concentrations. Here, we describe a step-by-step protocol for constructing and validating a crRNA array, and using it with the hyperdCas12a system for multiplex gene regulation in vivo by subretinal delivery in mice.
Research interrupted: Applying the CONSERVE 2021 Statement to a randomized trial of rehabilitation during critical illness affected by the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Reid Julie C , Molloy Alex , Strong Geoff , Kelly Laurel , O’Grady Heather , Cook Deborah , Archambault Patrick M , Ball Ian , Berney Sue , Burns Karen EA , D’Aragon Frederick , Duan Erick , English Shane W , Lamontagne François , Pastva Amy M , Rochwerg Bram , Seely Andrew JE , Serri Karim , Tsang Jennifer LY , Verceles Avelino C , Reeve Brenda , Fox-Robichaud Alison , Muscedere John , Herridge Margaret , Thabane Lehana , Kho Michelle E
Published: April 2022

Rationale:
The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted non-COVID critical care trials globally as intensive care units (ICUs) prioritized patient care and COVID-specific research. The international randomized controlled trial CYCLE (Critical Care Cycling to Improve Lower Extremity Strength) was forced to halt recruitment at all sites in March 2020, creating immediate challenges. We applied the CONSERVE (CONSORT and SPIRIT Extension for RCTs Revised in Extenuating Circumstance) guidance to report the impact of the pandemic on CYCLE and describe our mitigation approaches.
Methods
On March 23, 2020, the CYCLE Methods Centre distributed a standardized email to determine the number of patients still in-hospital and those requiring imminent 90-day endpoint assessments. We assessed protocol fidelity by documenting attempts to provide the in-hospital randomized intervention (cycling or routine physiotherapy), collect the primary outcome (physical function 3-days post-ICU discharge), and 90-day outcomes. We advised sites to prioritize data for the study’s primary outcome. We sought feedback on pandemic barriers related to trial procedures.
Results
As of March 17, 2020, 197 patients (of 360 planned) had been randomized; 26 (13.2%) remained in hospital or were pending 90-day assessments. From 15 active sites (12 Canada, 2 US, 1 Australia), we identified 5 patients still receiving the study intervention in ICUs, 6 requiring primary outcomes, and 17 requiring 90-day assessments. All ICU interventions (5/5, 100%), 5/6 (83%) of primary outcomes, and all (17/17, 100%) 90-day assessments were attempted. Out of the 6 primary outcomes, one site was unable to attempt due to a temporary institutional ban on direct patient contact for non-COVID research, 2 were attempted but not completed due to reasons unrelated to the pandemic, and 3 were completed. Our main mitigation strategies included identifying patients at risk for protocol deviations, communicating early and frequently with sites, monitoring patient progress, data entry, and validation, and providing guidance for conducting some research activities remotely.
Conclusions
We retained all enrolled patients with minimal missing data using several time-sensitive strategies. Although CONSERVE recommends reporting only major modifications incurred by extenuating circumstances, we suggest that there are other benefits to reporting mitigation strategies with the goal of improving research transparency and trial management.
Trial Registration:
NCT03471247
Study on Mechanical properties and Delamination factor evaluation of chemically treated nettle fiber reinforced polymer composites
Authors: . Pankaj , Kant Suman , Jawalkar Chandrashekhar
Published: April 2022

The exceptional benefits of natural fibers like high strength to weight ratio, biodegradable and low density increase the usage of natural fibers reinforcement in polymers has increased in recent years. To enhance bonding strength and decrease moisture absorption between polymers and natural fibers, this research paper is focused on the possibility of utilizing epoxy resin and nettle fiber to develop a biocomposite. In addition to that, surface modification of nettle fibers have been done by using different concentration of NaOH, KOH and NaHCO3. The treated fibers were then reinforced in the epoxy resin to investigate the influence of chemicals on the mechanical properties of developed biocomposites by performing tensile strength, flexural strength and impact strength. The investigation results revealed that during the experimental investigation, maximum tensile strength (30.13 MPa), flexural strength (22.36 MPa) and impact strength (9.21 J) was discovered for 5% NaOH. All the mechanical testing was done by preparing samples according to the ASTM standards. Besides the mechanical testing, the fabricated composites were conventionally drilled to investigate the effect of spindle speed (50 – 800 rev/min), feed rate (0.125 – 1.2 mm/min) and drill diameter (4 – 8 mm). The study suggested an increase in delamination factor at a higher feed rate and drill diameter. Scanning electron microscopy was done on the drilled hole to observe the delamination damage due to drilling operations.