bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Different role of spring season Atlantic SST anomalies in Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall (ISMR) variability before and after early 2000
Authors: Pillai Prasanth A , Dhakate Ashish R , G Kiran V
Published: December 2022

The present study shows that the weak (out-of-phase) correlation between the boreal spring Atlantic Meridional Mode (AMM) index and Indian summer monsoon rainfall (ISMR) during the 1990–2002 periods turned into a significant positive relationship after that. During the first period, the major mode of spring season Atlantic SST has stronger cooling in the southeastern region and is intensified by summer. After 2002, the spring pattern has stronger north Atlantic warming extending to the equatorial region continuing to summer. The pattern change of the Atlantic SST is associated with a pre-existing El Nino during period 1 and the formation of La Nina by summer during period 2. During period 1, ENSO-induced ISMR anomalies dominated with weak divergence over India and the Atlantic region, while during period 2, the warm SST anomalies of north Atlantic-induced off-equatorial convection and associated circulation contributed to increased ISMR along with La Nina direct influence on monsoon. The study further showed that during period 2, the increased correlation of ENSO and ISMR is also contributed by the Atlantic SST anomalies with additional off-equatorial wind anomalies and circulation from the north Atlantic extending to the Indian Ocean and monsoon region. Thus, Atlantic SST anomalies play a significant role in ENSO phase reversal and ISMR during the recent period. Many of the seasonal prediction models that participated in the NMME project capture the phase reversal of AMM-ISMR correlation when initialized during February. But models have stronger equatorial SST patterns during the summer season, which is mainly contributed by co-occurring ENSO. The models with a weak AMM-ISMR relationship in the recent period also have a feeble AMM-ENSO association, resulting in weak North Atlantic SST anomalies associated with AMM. The study indicates that the spring season AMM index can provide a predictive signal for ISMR in seasonal prediction models, but they need to simulate proper interactions of the tropical Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
Simultaneous succinylacetone-nitisinone measurement in tyrosinemia type I patients and evaluation of nitisinone therapeutic range
Authors: Öktem Rıdvan Murat , İnci Aslı , Biberoğlu Gürsel , Okur İlyas , Ezgü Fatih Süheyl , Tümer Leyla
Published: December 2022

Introduction: In tyrosinemia type I (HT1) accumulation of succinylacetone causes severe hepatic and renal dysfunction and hepatocellular carcinoma, and the only drug used in the treatment is nitisinone (NTBC). While succinylacetone measurement from dried blood spots (DBS) is used in the diagnosis of patients, simultaneous measurements of succinylacetone and NTBC are preferred in the treatment follow-up. The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of simultaneous LC-MS/MS analysis of succinylacetone and NTBC in HT1 patients. We also evaluated the plasma/DBS ratio and the upper therapeutic range for NTBC. Materials and method: Plasma and DBS samples from HT1 patients were used for succinylacetone and NTBC analyses and LC-MS/MS was used for simultaneous measurements of both of them. Results: The plasma/DBS ratio for NTBC was 1.92. The succinylacetone level, which was determined as the treatment goal, was suppressed (< 1 nmol/L) with the use of NTBC in 95.6% (109/114) of the cases. However, NTBC level was found above the therapeutic upper limit in 64.7% of these cases. Conclusion: The suppression rate of succinylacetone, which is one of the treatment targets for HT1, is high with 95.6%. However, the recommended therapeutic upper limit for NTBC was exceeded in 64.7% of the patients. It is also important to calculate the plasma/DBS NTBC ratio in laboratories analysing NTBC from DBS and to evaluate the therapeutic range targets according to this ratio. Evaluation of an individualized dose with a review of the therapeutic target may be considered in longitudinal studies examining clinical outcomes.
Relationship between SUVmax on 18F-FDG PET and PD-L1 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: zhou xiang , hu yongquan , sun hong , chen ruohua , huang gang , Liu Jianjun
Published: December 2022

Purpose
Our study was to investigate the correlation between 18F-FDG uptake in HCC and tumor PD-L1 expression in HCC, and assess the value of 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging for predicting PD-L1 expression in HCC.
Methods
A total of 102 patients with confirmed HCC were included in this retrospective study. The PD-L1 expression and immune cell infiltrating of tumors were determined through immunohistochemistry staining. The SUVmax of HCC lesions were assessed using 18F-FDG PET/CT. The correlation between PD-L1 expression and the clinicopathological were evaluated by the Cox proportional hazards model and the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis
Results
The SUVmax of HCC primary tumors was higher in patients with poorly differentiated HCC, large tumor size, portal vein tumor thrombus, lymph node and distant metastases, and death. The SUVmax of HCC are correlated with the PD-L1 expression and the number of cytotoxic T cells and M2 macrophage infiltration. PD-L1 expression was significantly correlated with tumor SUVmax, tumor differentiation, tumor size, portal vein tumor thrombosis, and patient survival status and infiltrating M2 macrophages. Further, our results confirmed that SUVmax, portal vein tumor thrombosis, and the number of infiltrating M2 macrophages were closely related to PD-L1 expression and were independent risk factors by multivariate analysis. The combined assessment of SUVmax values and the presence of portal vein tumor thrombosis by 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging can help determine PD-L1 expression in HCC.
Conclusions
FDG uptake in HCC was positively correlated with the PD-L1 expression and the number of cytotoxic T cells and M2 macrophage infiltration. The combined use of SUVmax and portal vein tumor thrombosis by PET/CT imaging assess the PD-L1 expression better in HCC. These findings also provide a basis for clinical studies to assess the immune status of tumors by PET/CT.
Estimating the transmission dynamics of Omicron in Beijing, November to December 2022
Authors: Leung Kathy , Lau Eric H. Y. , Wong Carlos King Ho , Leung Gabriel , Wu Joseph
Published: December 2022

We tracked the effective reproduction number Rt of Omicron BF.7 in Beijing in November – December 2022 by fitting a transmission dynamic model parameterized with real-time mobility data to (i) the daily number of new symptomatic cases on November 1–11 (when the zero-covid interventions were still strictly enforced) and (ii) the proportion of individuals who participated in online polls on December 10–14 and self-reported to have been previously test-positive. After the announcement of “20 measures”, we estimated that Rt increased to 3.42 (95% CrI: 2.79–4.17) on November 18. Infection incidence peaked on December 10, and the cumulative infection attack rate was 42.5% (95% CrI: 20.3–63.9) on December 14. Surveillance programmes should be rapidly set up to monitor the evolving epidemiology and evolution of SARS-CoV-2 across China.
Development of unsupported IrO2 nano-catalysts for PEM water electrolyzer applications
Authors: Karels Simoné , Felix Cecil , Pasupathi Sivakumar
Published: December 2022

IrO2 is a commonly used catalyst for polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolyzer (PEMWE) applications due to its high stability during the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). However, its activity needs to be significantly improved to justify the use of such a high-cost material. In this study, the activity of the IrO2 catalyst was improved by optimizing two synthesis methods i.e., the modified Adams fusion method (MAFM) and the molten salt method (MSM). Physical characterizations were done via x-ray diffraction (XRD), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and brunauer-emmett-teller (BET) analyses. The OER performances were evaluated ex-situ via cyclic voltammetry (CV), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), and chronopotentiometry (CP) analyses. The XRD results showed that the IrO2 crystallinity and crystallite size increased with increasing temperatures. Optimum OER performances of the IrO2 catalysts were obtained at different temperatures for the two synthesis methods. For the MAFM, a synthesis temperature of 350℃ produced the IrO2 catalyst with the highest OER activity and stability. However, for the MSM, a synthesis temperature of 350℃ produced the IrO2 catalyst with the highest activity while a synthesis temperature of 500℃ produced the catalyst with the highest stability. The IrO2 catalysts showed significantly improved OER performances compared to a commercial IrO2 catalyst under the study’s test conditions.
High-throughput microbead assay system with a portable, cost-effective Wi-Fi imaging module, and disposable multi-layered microfluidic cartridges for virus and microparticle detection, and tracking
Authors: Castro Jorge Manrique , Sommerhage Frank , Khanna Rishika , Childs Andre , DeRoo David , Rajaraman Swaminathan
Published: December 2022

In recent years biomedical scientific community has been working towards the development of high-throughput devices that allow a reliable, rapid and parallel detection of several strains of virus or microparticles simultaneously. One of the complexities of this problem lies on the rapid prototyping of new devices and wireless rapid detection of small particles and virus alike. By reducing the complexity of microfluidics microfabrication and using economic materials along with makerspace tools (Avra Kundu, Ausaf, and Rajaraman 2018) it is possible to provide an affordable solution to both the problems of high-throughput devices and detection technologies. We present the development of a wireless, standalone device and disposable microfluidics chips that rapidly generate parallel readouts for selected, possible virus variants from a nasal or saliva sample, based on motorized and non-motorized microbeads detection, and imaging processing of the motion tracks of these beads in micrometers. Microbeads and SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Delta variant were tested as proof-of-concept for testing the microfluidic cartridges and wireless imaging module. The Microbead Assay (MA) system kit consists of a WiFi readout module, a microfluidic chip, and a sample collection/processing sub-system. Here, we focus on the fabrication and characterization of the microfluidic chip to multiplex various micrometer-sized beads for economic, disposable, and simultaneous detection of up to six different viruses, microparticles or variants in a single test, and data collection using a commercially available, WiFi-capable, and camera integrated device (Fig. 1).
To bury or not to bury the k-wires after fixation of a pediatric both bone forearm fracture, a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Khaled Mohamed , Fadle Amr A , Hassan Ahmed Abdelazim , Khalifa Ahmed , Nabil Andrew , Hafez Abdelkhaleak , Oyoun Nariman Abol Abol
Published: December 2022

Objectives
The primary objective was to compare refracture incidence of both radius and ulna fracture in two groups treated using intramedullary k-wires where the wires were buried in group I and left exposed in group II. The secondary objective was to compare the final functional outcomes and complications incidence.
Methods
Between March 2019 and February 2021, 60 pediatric patients presented with unstable radius and ulna fractures amenable to surgical intervention using intramedullary K-wires were randomized into Group I (k-wires were buried under the skin) or group II (k-wires were exposed above the skin by 2 cm). In group I, k-wires were removed after full union under general anesthesia as a day case procedure; in group II they were removed in the outpatient clinic. Functional outcome per Price criteria was reported at one-year follow-up.
Results
Included patients had a mean age of 7.6 years (range 5 to 10). The mean operative time was significantly higher in group I (32.33 ± 7.51 vs. 36.77 ± 8.70 minutes, P = 0.03), no difference regarding intraoperative x-ray exposure (43.12 ± 15.52 vs. 41.6 ± 11.96 seconds, P = 0.67). Fracture union was achieved after a mean of 44 ± 2.6 days in group I and 43 ± 1.87 days in group II. One patient had refracture, and two had deep infection necessitated surgical debridement in group I. All patients reported excellent scores per Price criteria and achieved full wrist and elbow ROM compared to the contralateral non-injured side.
Conclusion
Exposed implants are a safe option when dealing with pediatric forearm fractures with similar complications rate and functional outcomes compared to buried implants; however, it confers fewer hospital admissions.
Histopathological Patterns of Cervical Cancer Among Females Presenting to Makerere University Pathology Core Reference Laboratory. A 5-year Review
Authors: Fred Lopwonya , Moses Mwanja
Published: December 2022

Introduction:The global burden of cervical cancer is heavily concentrated in low- and middle-income countries, having the highest rates in sub-Saharan Africa. Cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality in Ugandan women with an estimated 6959 new cases and 4607 deaths in 2020. The histopathological differentiation of cervical cancer is a major determinant in treatment options for cervical cancer and is a major determinant of the prognosis of the disease. However, there is paucity of data regarding cervical cancer patterns in Uganda. The study aimed to determine the histopathological pattern of cervical cancer among females presenting to Makerere university pathology core reference laboratory.
Methodology: A retrospective cross-sectional study employing the use of quantitative methods of data collection was conducted within Makerere university pathology core reference laboratory. The study obtained information on patients who had a cervical cancer diagnosis by histology from 2017 to 2021.The Data collected was analyzed using SPSS version 18.
Results: A total of 120 patients from 2017 to 2021 were recruited into the study. The mean age of the patients was 47.5 (SD 13.1), the youngest patient was 21 years and the oldest was 80 years of age. Cervical cancer was more prevalent in women aged between 35 to 54 years 77(64.2%) and women with HIV infection 26(21.7%). Squamous cell carcinoma presents in 102 (85%) patients was the most prevalent pattern of cervical cancer. This was followed by adenocarcinoma 7 (5.8%) and adenosquamous 5 (4.2%) histological patterns of cervical cancer.
Conclusions: Cervical cancer is predominant among women with HIV and women aged 35-55 years. Squamous cell carcinoma is the most prevalent pattern of cervical cancer in Uganda present in every 9 out 10 cervical cancer patients. Routine screening of all HIV positive women and women aged 35 years and above is recommended
Carbon footprint of agricultural groundwater pumping with energy demand and supply management analysis
Authors: Koushki Raana , Warren Jason , Krzmarzick Mark James
Published: December 2022

Irrigation water is required for increased crop yield and production to satisfy global food demand. However, irrigation also has negative impacts, including the production of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from groundwater pumping. To lessen this environmental problem, management methods that minimize agricultural GHG emissions from groundwater pumping should be identified. This work aims to compare measures that decrease agricultural groundwater withdrawal GHG emissions. A comparison among different energy supply and demand management choices for groundwater pumping was made to identify the most effective measure. Results indicated that the best agricultural groundwater pumping management practices are affected by the type of pump (e.g., electricity, natural gas) and source of pumping energy (e.g., coal, natural gas, oil, wind, solar). Due to their higher operational pump efficiency (OPE), electric pumps consume less energy than natural gas pumps to extract an equal volume of groundwater under similar conditions. Nevertheless, natural gas pumps produce less GHG emissions than electric pumps using the U.S. Central and Southern Pains electricity mix. Hence, groundwater pumping energy demand management through improving the OPE)of natural gas pumps will save more GHG emissions (7600 kg CO2-eq year− 1) than switching to electric pumps using the electricity mix applied to this study (2800 kg CO2-eq year− 1). Additionally, switching to cleaner energy sources (wind and solar) can save significantly higher amounts of carbon than just improving OPE. This analysis can guide policymakers and individuals to assist in meeting global GHG emission reduction goals and targets while satisfying increasing food demand.
Non-interference patterns and interference patterns of double slit experiments showing on screen simultaneously
Authors: peng hui
Published: December 2022

The standard interpretation of Young’s double slit experiment is that the light behaves as waves before and after passing through the diaphragm of the double slit. Recently, the convex lens has been utilized to study the behavior of photons near the diaphragm. The experiments show that, within certain macroscopic distance, the pattern is the particle pattern, e.g., the non-interference pattern, and that the non-interference pattern gradually evolve to the interference pattern.
In this article, we show that, in the double slit experiments, the particle pattern (non-interference pattern) and interference pattern emerge on the screen simultaneously. It is the challenge to interpret this phenomenon.
Comparison of Sr, Pb, and U isotopic compositions of bottled mineral waters produced in Romania and other European countries for authentication
Authors: Beyer Dániel Ernő , Varga Mária , Pánczél János K.
Published: December 2022

Purpose
We analyzed the isotopic composition of four elements, Sr, Pb, U, and Mg, in bottled natural mineral waters and medicinal waters. We aimed to develop a robust geochemistry-based analytical operation procedure to authenticate mineral waters.
Methods
A simplified sample preparation method using ion exchange and corona-ether-based chromatographic workflow was developed together with the optimization of HR-ICP-MS (NU-Attom ES) measurement methods.
Findings:
We found a large diversity in Pb and Sr isotope ratios and the shift of 234U/235U isotopic composition of samples compared to in laboratory reference material derived from NIST2710 SRM. The resolving power of 26Mg/24Mg was limited. 4 samples out of the 25 differed, barely significantly, from the average of all samples. The three Pb isotopic parameters correlated with each other but not all the variations could be explained by one single parameter. Sr, Mg, and U signatures were independent of each other, and Pb isotopic signatures, PCA could not reduce the dimensionality of the data without a large information loss. Using isotopic identification parameters directly, all the different aquifers could be distinguished. The parameter values did not change in a 4-years interval.
Originality:
We report the first multi-isotopic, ICP-MS-based method for food authentication, which is readily applicable in a commercial framework.
Adequação nutricional do café da manhã oferecido por hotéis no sul do Brasil
Authors: Cunha Caroline Moreira , Venzke Janaína Guimarães , Jomori Manuela Mika
Published: December 2022

Introdução: O café da manhã é uma das principais refeições do dia, sendo uma importante comodidade oferecida em hotéis. Além de colaborar positivamente para uma experiência memorável da hospedagem, contribui para a qualidade e a composição da dieta dos hóspedes, devendo ter como base os alimentos in natura/minimamente processados. Objetivo: Avaliar a composição e a qualidade nutricional dos bufês de café da manhã oferecidos em uma rede hoteleira do sul do Brasil. Métodos: Pesquisa transversal descritiva em que foi aplicado o instrumento de Avaliação da Qualidade Nutricional e Sensorial de Bufês de Café da Manhã – AQCM –, em nove hotéis categorizados em A e B, com o registro dos cardápios e a classificação dos alimentos ofertados de acordo com as diretrizes do Guia Alimentar para a População Brasileira. Resultados: Os bufês de café da manhã oferecem opções de bebidas, cereais, frutas, complementos para os pães, derivados de carnes quentes, ovos mexidos, diferentes tipos de pães, salgados e bolos, com aproximadamente 60 tipos de alimentos e preparações diferentes. Em maior quantidade, são ofertados os alimentos ultraprocessados, seguidos dos alimentos in natura/minimamente processados, processados e gorduras e açúcares. Na categoria A é ofertada uma maior variedade de alimentos  in natura/minimamente processados, quando comparados ao B, devido à maior variedade de frutas e sucos naturais presentes no bufê. Conclusão: Foi identificada a necessidade de melhorias na composição e na qualidade nutricional dos cafés da manhã e a adoção de estratégias que promovam escolhas mais saudáveis aos hóspedes.
Perfil de pacientes que evoluíram com acidente vascular cerebral no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca
Authors: Abreu Anna Paula , Felipin Ludvig Bruna , Margutti Rosa Mariele , Alberto de Lima Korb Francisco , De Lima Mello Tainara , Leotina Gaube Sandra , Agnolleto Berwanger Silvana , Colet Christiane de Fátima , Winkelmann Eliane Roseli
Published: December 2022

Introdução: As complicações neurológicas representam importante agente de morbidade no período pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca. Por se tratar de um procedimento complexo, há grande importância do conhecimento do perfil clínico para elaborar medidas que diminuam o índice de morbidade e mortalidade em cirurgias cardíacas. Objetivo: Identificar fatores de risco e dados clínicos de pacientes que evoluíram para AVC no pós-operatório de cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica (CRM) e troca valvar (TV). Metodologia: Estudo transversal, retrospectivo, analítico e documental. Foram incluídos pacientes com idade igual ou superior a 18 anos submetidos a CRM e TV com técnica convencional não pulsátil de circulação extracorpórea (CEC) em caráter eletivo, no período de janeiro a dezembro de 2017, que sobreviveram até a alta hospitalar e apresentaram como complicação neurológica o AVC no período pós-operatório. Discussão: Foram analisados os prontuários de 7 pacientes, com predomínio da cirurgia TV e sexo masculino. A idade média foi de 68,71 anos. Apresentam fatores de risco a doenças cardiovasculares: hipertensão arterial sistêmica, diabetes mellitus e sedentarismo, idade avançada, fração de ejeção acima de >50%. Foram observadas alterações laboratoriais, dentre as quais elevação da glicose e hemoglobina e maior uso de noradrenalina. Dentre as complicações, a respiratória teve maior prevalência. Conclusão: Embora a CRM ter evolução diferente que TV, principalmente pelo uso de anticoagulante, apresentaram um perfil similar de maior complexidade. Foram expostos vários fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares, assim como um maior tempo de ventilação mecânica, maior uso de noradrenalina, alterações laboratoriais e complicações pós-operatórias associadas, em especial, às respiratórias.
ILLUSOR BEING OF IDEOLOGY
Authors: Kovalenko Hanna , Kachurova Svitlana
Published: December 2022

In this study, the transition of philosophy into its own otherness, that is, the ideology proceeding from the non-identity of thinking and being, is considered. Just as Hegel's logical philosophy reached the form of universality, through a direct denial of the diversity of its historical forms, so post-Hegelian thought was defined through its attitude to ideology as philosophy "overturned" into politics, again appeared in historical forms. On the example of the paradoxical legacy of famous thinkers of the twentieth century, such as K. Mannheim, M. Heidegger and others, the authors establish the extreme point of the fall of philosophy into ideology and the beginning of its release from the functions of political technology in order to return to lost universality.
A pénzügyi turnaround controlling rendszer alkalmazása a hazai vállalati életszakaszokban
Authors: Katits Etelka , Magyari Katinka , Varga Zsuzsanna , Palányi Ildikó
Published: December 2022

A mögöttünk álló időszak miatt is ez a munka felhívja a figyelmet a változ(tat)ás- és fordulatkezelésre, az eltérő vállalati életszakaszoknak megfelelő pénzügyi kontrolling kialakítására és alkalmazására, mint a vállalati pénzügy-kutatások tárgyára és önálló helyére. Számos pénzügyi kontrolling rendszer létezik, egyik része a turnaround controlling, amit nem kizárólag a válságszakaszban alkalmazunk. Miért szükséges és hogyan lehet különbséget tenni vállalati életciklus és -szakasz között? Ansoff, Argenti és Krystek szerzők megállapításaiból kiindulva miért szükséges kialakítani és működtetni a vállalati életszakaszokban a pénzügyi jelzés- és okkutatás módszertanát? Hogyan segíti a pénzügyi turnaround controlling alkalmazása a vállalati életszakaszokban a fordulatkezelés sikeres megvalósítását? A kérdések megválaszolásához olyan alkalmazást mutatunk be, ami egy hosszú kutatási-tesztelési munka eredménye. Módszertan: a pénzügyi és a vezetői számvitel információiból elemzés, diagnózis és értékelés készítése. A 2007–2020 közötti időszak magyar vállalati adatbázis elemzések kutatási eredményeiből és a magyar tanácsadói világból vett eset- és szituáció elemzésekből konklúziók levonása történik szintetizálás céljából. Alkalmazott technika: saját fejlesztésű FINel pénzügyi szakértői rendszer. A kutatási kérdések megválaszolásával körvonalazódik a modern vállalati pénzügyek két területe: a vállalati életciklus- és a turnaround pénzügyek tartalma, módszertana, amely hasznos kapaszkodót nyújt a pénzügyekkel és számvitellel foglalkozó szakemberek és döntéshozók számára is.
University Students’ Perception of Environmental Issues
Authors: Čiefová Michaela , Baculáková Kristína
Published: December 2022

The present paper focuses on environmental awareness and perception of environmental issues by university students in Slovakia. We attempt to find out what problems of the environment are considered to be the most critical ones from the students’ point of view. In addition to that, another objective is to elaborate a list of students’ suggestions regarding raising motivation of people to adopt an eco-friendly behaviour. For the research we used a questionnaire consisting of 9 questions. The results show that students perceive as most critical environmental problems water and air pollution, traffic, waste, deforestation and overconsumption.
Egy kárpátaljai kistérség társadalmi–gazdasági helyzetértékelése az ukrajnai közigazgatási reform után
Authors: Pataki Gábor , Illés Bálint Csaba , Sótonyi Tamás , Dunay Anna
Published: December 2022

Jelen korunk egyik fő sajátossága az átalakulás jelensége. Jelentősen változnak a globális erőviszonyok, s mindig izgalmas megvizsgálni azt, hogy ezek a hatások milyen hamar és milyen súllyal csapódnak le a mikrorégiók szintjére. Különösen igaz ez akkor, ha a vizsgált terület egy olyan országban van, mely e változások ütközőzónájának minősül. A kutatás 2021 nyarán indult Ukrajnában, a Kárpátalján, melynek fő célja a Mezőkaszonyi Kistérség társadalmi-gazdasági helyzetének, vállalkozásfejlesztési lehetőségeinek feltérképezése volt, szakirodalmi áttekintés, interjúk és kérdőíves felmérés segítségével. A vizsgált térség Kárpátalja egyik legnyugatibb területe, s egyben etnikailag a magyarság törzsbázisának számít. A vizsgálat lefolytatásakor már érezhetőek voltak az orosz-ukrán konfliktus, a közigazgatási reform, valamint a pandémia hatásai. A kutatás folytatásának pedig már új irányvonalat ad a jelenleg is folyó háború.
A model for evaluating water distribution system capacity as a function of the total pipeline length
Authors: Loubser Carlo , Grotepass Frans , Winter Jessica May , Jacobs Heinz Erasmus
Published: December 2022

Planners are often faced with the challenge to provide crude estimates of water distribution system (WDS) infrastructure capacity and associated costs in the early phases of greenfield developments. This study investigated the relationship between the physical and hydraulic characteristics of a WDS and the corresponding serviced area. Five physical parameters (a) and two hydraulic parameters (b) describing the serviced area were identified for analysis, namely (a) total pipeline length, land area, area shape factor, terrain index, reservoir distance from area centroid and (b) peak flow rate and average static system pressure. Multiple linear regression was performed on the data. A model was compiled linking the total pipeline length of a WDS to the peak flow rate. The model is applicable to predominantly residential service zones larger than 80 hectares with a peak hour flow rate of <450 L/s. The model enables the prediction of the potable water distribution pipe infrastructure required for future development areas in the absence of basic planning information, such as cadastral layouts. Alternatively, the model can estimate the potential maximum peak flow rate that can be supplied, if the total pipeline length is known.
Assessment of energy performance and GHG emissions for the urban water cycle toward sustainability
Authors: Muhammetoglu Ayse , Al-Omari Abbas , Al-Houri Zain , Topkaya Bulent , Tumbul Tugba , Muhammetoglu Habib
Published: December 2022

This study presents a holistic approach to evaluate energy performance and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from urban water supply and sanitation stages, which are important for sustainable water management and climate change mitigation. The study was conducted for Antalya city of Turkey to compare baseline and improved scenario conditions using the Energy Performance and Carbon Emissions Assessment and Monitoring (ECAM) tool. The current application of urban water and wastewater services was defined as the baseline scenario. For the improved urban water cycle, the reduction of non-revenue water, onsite sanitation prevention, increase in energy efficiency, biogas production and reuse of treated wastewater were investigated. Water supply and sanitation stages contributed to approximately 26 and 74% of total GHG emissions and 70 and 30% of energy consumption for the baseline scenario, respectively. GHG emissions were determined approximately as 52,423 tCO2eq/year for CO2 (40%), 47,029 tCO2eq/year for CH4 (35%) and 33,006 tCO2eq/year for N2O (25%) for the baseline scenario. The total GHG emissions of 132,457 tCO2eq/year and energy consumption of 136,328 MWh/year were reduced by 27.65% for GHG emissions and 16.48% for energy consumption for the improved urban water cycle. The outcomes of this research are expected to achieve sustainable cities and combat climate change.
Feasibility of dissolved air flotation for drinking water treatment for Harare
Authors: Mwaisowa Farai , Hoko Zvikomborero , Mapenzauswa Clarence Farai
Published: December 2022

Lake Chivero, Harare's major raw water source, is eutrophic and algae-infested. Consequently, the conventional water treatment processes (CWTPs) that are used at Harare's main water treatment works, Morton Jaffray Water Treatment Works (MJWTW), have been ineffective in algae removal. This study was carried out to investigate the feasibility of using dissolved air flotation (DAF) to remove algae at MJWTW. Experiments were carried out using a 60-L DAF pilot system with a hydraulic loading rate of 7 m/h. Raw and treated water was characterised in terms of turbidity, pH and electrical conductivity (EC), and chlorophyll-a. Results showed reductions in turbidity, pH, and chlorophyll-a of 64, 27, and 95%, respectively. However, EC increased by 42% due to the addition of alum and acid. The DAF performed better than the CWTP currently used at MJWTW based on a comparison to a study carried out in the same period simulating conventional treatment of the same raw water and values reported in the literature for the CWTP. The adoption of DAF at MJWTW could potentially result in more efficient water treatment and better algae removal too. Further tests on optimum acid dosing for DAF are recommended while using alum as a coagulant.
The treatment of different odontogenic cysts in children only using acrylic appliance-guided decompression: A long-term clinical study
Authors: ÖZKAN Enes , ÖZMEN Bilal
Published: December 2022

Aim: Various odontogenic cysts may rarely occur in the jawbones during childhood, including radicular cysts, dentigerous cysts, and odontogenic keratocysts. Treatment for such cysts ranges from conservative approaches to radical surgical procedures. The present study evaluates the effect of the decompression alone method for treating various odontogenic cysts in children.Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed that included pediatric patients who applied to the pedodontics clinic between 2014 and 2016. Data such as age, gender, anatomical location, reasons for admission, histopathological diagnosis and dimensions of the cysts, and associated teeth were recorded. All odontogenic cysts were treated using the decompression method with an acrylic obturator. All patients were evaluated clinically and radiologically one, three, six, and 12 months after the operation and annually thereafter.Results: As a result of the pathological examination, it was determined that 10 of the 16 odontogenic cysts were dentigerous cysts, 5 were radicular cysts and 1 was an odontogenic keratocyst. The patients consisted of 4 girls and 12 boys, with a mean age of 108.68±21.01 months. The average duration of the decompression was 7.3±1.41 months and the average follow-up was 9.6±2,56 years. In four patients, spontaneous eruption of the impacted permanent teeth was not observed; these were erupted using orthodontic treatment. In two cases of dentigerous cysts, the impacted teeth were extracted and the cyst was enucleated. In the remaining 14 cases, the permanent teeth erupted (spontaneous+orthodontic guided) successfully (87.5%), and the cysts healed completely after decompression treatment. Conclusion: To avoid developmental problems, conservative procedures should be preferred for the treatment of odontogenic cysts in children. Decompression therapy using an acrylic obturator is an effective treatment for odontogenic cysts in pediatric patients; this approach protects and maintains permanent teeth. However, new clinical studies with larger sample sizes are needed to support these results.
An investigation of the opinions and preferences of orthodontists in Turkey regarding the use of clear aligners in orthodontic treatment: Original article
Authors: HALİLOGLU OZKAN Tugba , DURSUN Derya
Published: December 2022

Aim: To evaluate orthodontists’ perspectives on clear aligner treatment in Turkey.Methods: A novel web-based survey consisting of 14 questions was developed and sent to 2027 members of the Turkish Orthodontic Society via e-mail to evaluate the reasons for why or why not they prefer clear aligners, their opinions about different brands in the market and their perspective on the future of this treatment modality. The association between demographic data and multiple choice questions was examined using Kruskal Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests. The association between Likert-type questions and practice characteristics was analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Turkey’s post hoc tests.Results: 62.7% of the 218 respondents currently treat their patients using clear aligners and 76.7% of them prefer Invisalign (Align Technology, California, USA), a clear aligner brand. The main reasons given by orthodontists to use clear aligners were ‘not to lag behind in technology’ and ‘to have prestige in the community’. The majority of participants (83.8%) treat fewer patients with clear aligners than with fixed appliances. 70% of the surveyed orthodontists do not believe that treatment with clear aligners will completely replace treatments with fixed appliances in the near future. 28.6% of the participants stated that they do not intend to use clear aligner treatment in at least the next 1-2 years due to ‘low financial income’ and ‘complexity of clear aligner treatments.Conclusion: The majority of the surveyed orthodontists currently use clear aligners in their practice, not because they believe clear aligners are more effective or more comfortable than braces or because they are more profitable, but rather to have prestige in the community and not to lag behind in technology. Therefore, it seems that fixed appliance treatment will maintain its place in orthodontic practice as an option for the near future.
Analfabetyzm matematyczny – znaczenie społeczne
Authors: Bączkiewicz Damian
Published: December 2022

Artykuł prezentuje problem występowania we współczesnych społeczeństwach analfabetyzmu matematycznego. Punktem wyjścia do rozważań jest zaznaczenie istnienia ograniczeń poznawczych i heurystyk poznawczych stosowanych w procesach decyzyjnych. Autor przedstawił przyczyny i konsekwencje tego powszechnego problemu.
Zachowania suicydalne w opinii młodzieży licealnej (wybrane aspekty). Sprawozdanie z badań empirycznych
Authors: Wojak Natalia
Published: December 2022

Współcześnie żyjemy w warunkach określanych mianem społeczeństwa ryzyka, w których obok rozmaitych udogodnień nasza codzienność i związane z nią postawy i zachowania narażone są na coraz większą niepewność oraz kryzysy – w tym zachowania samobójcze. Temat poruszany w niniejszym opracowaniu sytuuje się w kontekście zagubienia współczesnej młodzieży i dotyczy suicydalności młodych jako jednego z przejawów dezintegracji społecznej i tożsamościowej oraz załamania kontroli społecznej. W opracowaniu podsumowano rezultaty jednego z etapów badań autorskich o charakterze ankietowym. Ukazano opinie młodzieży licealnej na temat samobójstwa, w tym jego uwarunkowań, konsekwencji, zasięgu oddziaływania na środowisko młodzieżowe oraz działań postwencyjnych.
Study of Gender-based Changes in P53 in Preeclampsia
Authors: Kharb S , Gaur S , Khadelwal Aparna , Bhatotiya Chetna , Nanda S
Published: December 2022

It aims to compare the levels of p53 in maternal and umbilical cord venous samples of healthy pregnant and preeclamptics.

Background:

Preeclampsia is a leading cause of both maternal morbidity and neonatal mortality. The etiology and pathogenesis of preeclampsia are not yet fully understood. Apoptosis during pregnancy develops due to multiple different mechanisms.

No studies are available in the literature documenting any association between fetal sex and p53 levels; also, the status of p53 in cord blood is unclear.

Objective:

Hence the study was designed to compare p53 levels in maternal and umbilical cord venous samples to study both maternal and fetal aspects of preeclampsia.

Methods:

The present study was conducted in 30 normotensive, primigravida women and 30 primigravida preeclamptics (age and gestation matched) with a singleton pregnancy. Serum p53 analysis was carried out in maternal serum and cord blood by solid phase sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa kit).

Results:

In the present study, maternal and cord p53 levels in preeclamptics were higher. The cord blood p53 levels were significantly higher in preeclamptic mothers with female babies than in preeclamptic mothers with male babies.

Conclusion:

These findings indicate a definitive role of apoptosis in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia and may be useful in diagnosing patients with preeclampsia and identifying future natal, perinatal and maternal risks.

Demonstrating these gender-based changes in p53 levels suggests an active contribution of the placenta in metabolism during pregnancy.
Mas ia tiempo es que enbíe el Señor su Ángel con azotes la influencia de las criaturas celestes en María de Ajofrín (¿?-1489
Authors: González Díaz María
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this article is to study the angels that appear in the hagiographies about María de Ajofrín (¿?-1489), who was a Hieronymite religious from the convent of San Pablo in Toledo. A review of the writings about this visionary (la Vida de la bienabenturada virgen María de Ajofrín and successive texts, one of which are included in the Flos sanctorum) allows us, on the one hand, to expand our knowledge of the spiritual authority of this woman by explaining the exercises of cruelty carried out by her angels; and, on the other hand, to point out the differences that these celestial beings present with respect to those who marked the life trajectories of other women whose importance for the Spanish literary canon is currently being recovered.
Pembagian Beban Trafik pada Cluster Server
Authors: Kusumawardani Mila , Suharto Nugroho , Zakaria Muhammad Nanak
Published: December 2022

Permasalahan yang ada pada server adalah banyaknya user yang mengakses dalam waktu bersamaan. Untuk mengatasinya dapat digunakan konsep cluster server. Metode yang digunakan dalam artikel ini adalah membangun 3 cluster server web Â dan 1 load balancer dari 4 buah Nanopi2 sertaÂ  mengimplementasikan algoritma round robin dalam pengaturan kerjanya. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah bahwa terjadi pembagian beban trafik yang berimbang di antara 3 server dengan rata-rata pada saat server menerima request dari client adalah 33.57%, 32.64%, dan 33.8%, serta rata-rata pada saat server memberikan response adalah 33.47%, 34.14%, dan 35.35%
Kajian Efektivitas Kolam Retensi Dalam Mereduksi Banjir Jalan Raya Porong Kabupaten Sidoarjo dengan Storm Water Management Model
Authors: Khoiri Ahmad Hirson , Andawayanti Ussy , Haribowo Riyanto
Published: December 2022

An effectiveness study needed to determine the ability of the retention pond built in the Sidoarjo Mud flow affected area to reduce flooding that occurs especially around Porong Highway area. This problem occurred due to geological deformation in the form of land subsidence, precisely in the area around Porong Highway and caused flooding that spread to the surrounding environment flooded several villages. Several retention ponds were built in the area as one of the strategic steps to deal with the flooding that occurred. To simulate the flooding that occurred, a rainfall intensity with a 5-year return period was used which was simulated using EPA SWMM 5.1 software with catchment area of 148,31 hectares which divided into 27 subcatchments. From the simulation results, the volume of runoff from surrounding villages and Porong Highway is 126,000 m3, with an existing pond capacity of 94373,9 m3 the effectiveness of the pond in reducing flooding is 74,48% and with an alternative pond capacity of 151415,5 m3 effectiveness pond is 120,17%. Furthermore, standard operating procedures are prepared as an effort to maximize the effectivity of the pond.Diperlukan kajian efektivitas untuk mengetahui kemampuan kolam retensi yang dibangun pada daerah terdampak semburan Lumpur Sidoarjo dalam mereduksi banjir yang terjadi khususnya sekitar Jalan Raya Porong. Permasalahan ini terjadi diakibatkan oleh deformasi geologi berupa penurunan muka tanah tepatnya pada daerah sekitar Jalan Raya Porong dan menyebabkan banjir dan menyebar ke lingkungan sekitar serta membanjiri beberapa desa. Dibangunan beberapa kolam retensi pada daerah tersebut sebagai salah satu langkah strategis penanganan banjir yang terjadi. Untuk mensimulasikan banjir yang terjadi digunakan intensitas hujan dengan kala ulang 5 tahun yang disimulasi menggunakan software EPA SWMM 5.1 dengan area penelitian seluas 148,31 hektar yang dibagi menjadi 27 subcatchment. Dari hasil simulasi didapatkan besaran volume limpasan dari desa sekitar dan Jalan Raya Porong sebesar 126.000 m3, dengan kapasitas kolam eksisting sebesar 94373,9 m3 efektivitas kolam dalam mereduksi banjir adalah sebesar 74,48% dan dengan kapasitas kolam alternatif dengan volume 151415,5 m3 efektivitas kolam adalah sebesar 120,17%. Selanjutnya standar operasional prosedur disusun sebagai bentuk upaya untuk memaksimalkan kemampuan effektivitas kolam.
Analisa Banjir Akibat Keruntuhan Bendungan Prijetan di Kabupaten Lamongan Menggunakan Aplikasi Zhong Xing HY21
Authors: Yahya Irsyad Musthofa , Juwono Pitojo Tri , Asmaranto Runi
Published: December 2022

The Prijetan Dam was the first dam built in Indonesia in 1910 â€“ 1916 by the dutch east indies government. This dam was built on the Prijetan River which is located in Sumbergempol Village, Kedungpring District, Lamongan Regency, East Jawa Province. Considering the age of the Prijetan Dam which is more than 100 years old, further analysis are needed on the impact of the dangers that can be caused by the break of the Prijetan Dam. Dams break is the collapse of part or all of the main dam causing the dam to be unable to function again. Dam breaks mostly occur due to overtopping or piping. From the simulation of the dam break of the Prijetan Dam using the Zhong Xing HY21 software, it was found that the largest floods occurred in the bottom piping scenario with the condition of the floodwater level reservoir. The area of the floods reached 26,607 km2 with a maximum flood depth of 6,880 m. The floodsspread to 38 villages located downstream of the Prijetan Dam with an estimated 11.412 people at riskÂ Bendungan Prijetan merupakan bendungan pertama yang dibangun di Indonesia pada sekitar tahun 1910 - 1916 oleh pemerintahan Hindia Belanda. Bendungan ini berdiri diatas Sungai Prijetan yang terletak di Desa Sumbergempol, Kecamatan Kedungpring, Kabupaten Lamongan, Provinsi Jawa Timur. Mengingat usia Bendungan Prijetan yang lebih dari 100 tahun, maka diperlukan analisa lebih lanjut mengenai dampak bahaya yang dapat ditimbulkan oleh kegagal Bendungan Prijetan. Kegagalan bendungan yang dimaksud ialah runtuhnya sebagian atau seluruh tubuh bendungan yang menyebabkan bendungan tersebut tidak dapat berfungsi kembali. Kegagalan atau keruntuhan bendungan paling banyak terjadi akibat overtopping ataupun piping. Dari hasil simulasi keruntuhan Bendungan Prijetan menggunakan software Zhong Xing HY21, didapatkan banjir terbesar terjadi pada skenario piping bawah dengan kondisi tampungan waduk muka air banjir (MAB). Luas genangan banjir yang terjadi mencapai 26,607 km2 dengan kedalaman maksimum 6,880 m. Genangan banjir menyebar ke 38 desa yang berada di bagian hilir Bendungan Prijetan dengan perkiraan 11.412 penduduk terkena risiko.