bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mechanomyogram and electromyogram analyses during isometric contraction in human masseter muscle
Authors: Ioi Hideki , Kawakatsu Makoto , Nakata Shunsuke , Nakasima Akihiko , Counts Amy L.
Published: December 2023

Aims

To investigate the relationship between mechanomyogram (MMG), electromyogram (EMG) and bite force during isometric contraction of the human masseter muscle.

Methods

Data were obtained from 16 healthy Japanese males (Mean age: 25.6 ± 2.3 years). The measuring device for MMG consisted of an amorphous sensor and a small magnet. The bite force, MMG and EMG signals were recorded simultaneously during isometric contraction of the masseter muscle. The subjects were instructed to perform 0, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60% maximal voluntary contractions (MVC) for 20 seconds. The average rectified value (ARV) for MMG and EMG were calculated from 1 to 5 second samples. The median frequency of the power spectrum (MFPS) for MMG and EMG were determined with the use of a fast Fourier transformation algorithm.

Results

The mean ARV for MMG increased up to 20% MVC and then gradually decreased at the higher force levels. The mean ARV for EMG increased with bite force in a monotonic fashion. The mean MFPS for MMG clearly increased up to 10% MVC and then gradually increased. On the other hand, the mean MFPS for EMG clearly increased up to 10% MVC, but then gradually decreased with bite force.

Conclusion

These findings suggest that the MMG analysis combined with the EMG may be a more useful method for evaluating the status of the masseter muscle.
Orthodontic treatment need in 14-16 year-old Tehran high school students
Authors: Safavi Seyed Mohammadreza , Sefidroodi Aliakbar , Nouri Mahtab , Eslamian Ladan , Kheirieh Sanam , Bagheban Alireza Akbarzadeh
Published: December 2023

Aim

To assess orthodontic treatment need in a Tehran high school population.

Methods

The Dental Health Component (DHC) of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) was used by 21 trained examiners to estimate the orthodontic treatment need in 5200 Tehran high school students. The children, between 14 and 16 years of age, attended 84 high schools in 21 educational areas in Tehran and the neighbouring city of Rey. Children who had had orthodontic treatment and those who had not been treated were assessed. Children under treatment were excluded. Major components of the DHC were recorded.

Results

When the DHC is considered, 2 per cent of Tehran school children showed ‘Extreme need’, 18 per cent ‘Severe need’, 23 per cent ‘Moderate need’, 37 per cent ‘Little need’ and 20 per cent had ‘No need’ of orthodontic treatment. In those needing treatment (Grades 4 and 5) common deviations were hypodontia, contact point displacements, crossbites and increased overjet. A small number of the subjects (N = 36) who had received orthodontic treatment required further treatment. Of these, 18 subjects (50 per cent) had hypodontia, 10 subjects (28 per cent) had contact point displacements and 4 subjects (11 per cent) had increased overjet.

Conclusion

Twenty per cent of Tehran high school students needed orthodontic treatment (IOTN Grades 4 and 5).
Effects of levelling of the curve of Spee on the proclination of mandibular incisors and expansion of dental arches: a prospective clinical trial
Authors: Pandis Nikolaos , Polychronopoulou Argy , Sifakakis Iosif , Makou Margarita , Eliades Theodore
Published: December 2023

Objectives

To investigate the effects of levelling the curve of Spee (COS) on the inclination of the mandibular incisors and the width of the mandibular arch.

Methods

Fifty patients, 10–18 years of age, were selected using the following inclusion criteria: nonextraction treatment in the mandibular arch; eruption of all mandibular teeth; no spaces in the mandibular arch; no crowding in the posterior mandibular segments; a mandibular irregularity index greater than 2.5. The depth of the COS, the amount of crowding of the mandibular anterior dentition and the intercanine and intermolar widths were measured on standardised photographs of the casts. The inclinations of the mandibular incisors were measured on cephalometric radiographs. The paired t-test was used to analyse changes in the intercanine and intermolar widths and incisor inclinations before and after treatment, whilst the Wilcoxon signed ranks test was used to examine changes in the COS with treatment. The data were further analysed with a regression analysis to determine the measurements that predicted a reduction of the curve of Spee at the 5 per cent level of significance.

Results

The COS showed a median decrease of 0.9 mm, with 50 per cent of the cases ranging between 0.4 mm and 1.4 mm. The sole predictor of curve flattening was the lower incisor to mandibular plane angle.

Conclusions

The COS is mainly ‘flattened’ by proclining the mandibular incisors. For 1 mm of levelling the mandibular incisors were proclined 4 degrees, without increasing arch width.
Evaluation of the therapeutic performance of ICON infiltration resin in the treatment of White Spot Lesions in esthetic dental areas. Clinical Report.
Authors: Stoica Alexandra Mihaela , Stoica Oana Elena , Dako Timea , Kovàcs-Ivàcson Andrea-Csinszka , Monea Monica , Bardocz-Veres Zsuzsanna
Published: December 2023

White spot lesions, pathologically characterized by enamel demineralization, present a significant challenge in dentistry. Notably, intervention at the white spot stage is crucial to impede further lesion progression. Recent advances studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of flowable resin infiltration as a minimally invasive alternative to traditional treatment modalities. This technique allows for the concurrent treatment of multiple lesions in a single appointment, circumventing the necessity for local anesthesia or extensive cavity preparation. Clinically, this method has shown consistent stability, evidenced by maintained enamel integrity, enhanced rigidity, and preservation of adjacent healthy dental tissues. Additionally, the aesthetic outcomes of this approach are noteworthy, with a gradual diminution of lesion visibility over time. The present case report elucidates the long-term clinical outcomes and the efficaciousness of the Icon kit in the targeted management of specific white spot lesion pathologies.
Insurrection, Disqualification, and the Presidency
Authors: Vlahoplus John
Published: December 2023

Section 3 of the Fourteenth Amendment provides in part that anyone who takes an oath as an officer of the United States to support its Constitution but engages in insurrection may not hold any civil or military office under it until Congress removes the disability by a two-thirds vote of each House. The insurrection of January 6, 2021, and the coming presidential election raise two pressing constitutional questions. For purposes of Section 3, is the President an officer of the United States, and is the Presidency an office under the United States?

This Article makes the case that the President is an officer of, and holds an office under, the United States for those purposes. It contributes to the debate over the provision's reach by setting out the broad case for Section 3's application to Presidents and the Presidency, utilizing text, purpose, legislative history, canons of construction, ordinary usage, and contemporaneous judicial and executive interpretations.

The Article demonstrates public understandings before and after ratification that Section 3 bars eligibility to the Presidency, both in general and for the most important disqualified rebel—Jefferson Davis. It catalogues descriptions of Presidents as officers of the United States from Washington in 1794 to Jefferson, Jackson, Van Buren, Harrison, Polk, Taylor, Fillmore, Buchanan, Lincoln, Johnson, Grant, and Garfield, many of which occurred in the context of the President's election, constitutional position, and role in preventing domestic violence, preserving the Union, and enforcing the law during Reconstruction. Finally, it ties related Reconstruction statutes, legislative history, and contemporaneous judicial and executive interpretations into the broad case that Section 3 bars faithless Presidents from again taking the oath to “preserve, protect and defend the Constitution of the United States” until Congress permits.
First Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Paratylenchus vandenbrandei (Rhabditida: Tylenchulidae) in Iran
Authors: Abdolkhani Abbas , Azimi Sedighe
Published: December 2023

Paratylenchus vandenbrandei, has been recovered from the rhizospheric soil of Euphrates poplar (Populus euphratica) in the Karkheh protected area of Khuzestan province, southwestern Iran. The species was identified as P. vandenbrandei by the presence of three lines in the lateral fields; conoid rounded lip region; presence of submedian lobes, a stylet 24.0–28.8 μm long; an excretory pore at the level of the anterior part of the pharyngeal bulb; a round-to-oval spermatheca; presence of vulval flaps; and a conoid tail, with a terminus that is rounded or slightly pointed in some specimens. Males have a conoid tail, with a rounded-to-slightly-pointed terminus. The phylogenetic relationships of the species were reconstructed and investigated using partial sequencing of the D2-D3 expansion segments of large subunits, as well as internal transcribed spacer regions (LSU D2-D3 and ITS rDNA) based on Bayesian inference (BI). P. vandenbrandei has formed a clade with P. neonanus, P. minor, P. nainianus, P. chongqinjensis, P. pedrami, P. baldaccii, P. leptos and P. rostrocaudatus with maximal support (BPP = 1.00). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of P. vandenbrandei in Iran and the first molecular characterization of the species worldwide.
Die therapeutische Beziehung diesseits und jenseits des Gewahrseins
Authors: Finke Jobst
Published: December 2023

Aus der in verschiedenen Schaffensphasen von Rogers entworfenen Therapietheorie lassen sich unterschiedliche Beziehungskonzepte ableiten. Deren therapiepraktische Implikationen werden untersucht. Die sich hier ergebenden Widersprüche und die Konsequenzen für die Konzeptualisierung der therapeutischen Beziehung werden erörtert. Der expliziten therapeutischen Beziehung wird ein implizites Beziehungsgeschehen mit seinen nichtbewussten Austauschprozessen zwischen Therapeut und Klient gegenübergestellt. Die hier möglichen Beziehungsphänomene, auch die unerwünschten, sowie die Funktion der therapeutischen Resonanz werden aufgezeigt.
Perkembangan Pendidikan Dengan Penerapan Pembelajaran Secara Daring Di Era Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Jannah Miftahul , Sinaga Devi Yusnila , Muniro Jahro , Hidayat Syarif , Hasibuan Sukron Habibi
Published: December 2023

Pendidikan adalah segala daya upaya dan semua usaha untuk membuat masyarakat dapat mengembangkan potensi manusia agar memiliki kekuatan spiritual keagamaan, pengendalian diri, berkepribadian. Pendidikan dikembangkan untuk dapat membentuk kepribadian melalui pendidikan lingkungan yang bisa dipelajari baik secara sengaja maupun tidak.   Dalam perkembangan pendidikan, situasi dan kondisi sekitar sangat berpengaruh dalam proses keberlangsungannya. Hal ini berkaitan dengan kurikulum dan sistem pendidikan yang diterapkan disuatu kondisi pendidikan.
Sistem Pendidikan di Indonesia berkembang dengan sistem yang bernama kurikulum 2013. Pembelajaran yang dilakukan untuk memusatkan kemampuan peserta didik dan mengembangkan bakat peserta didik. Mengaitkan sistem pendidikan sekarang dengan keadaan masa pandemic sungguh bertolak belakang. Pendidikan yang dilakukan secara daring memberikan jalan baru untuk dunia pendidikan mengembangkan pembelajaran yang lebih modern. Pendidikan dengan menggunakan teknologi ini, dapat diterapkan untuk mengatasi dan mengantisipasi keadaan pandemi yang mengharuskan kegiatan pembelajaran dengan teknologi. Pendidikan diterapakan dengan penyesuaian kondisi dan keadaan lingkungan disekitar.  Pendidikan berupaya untuk dapat menerapkan pembelajaran yang efektif. Salah satu upaya pendidikan untuk mewujudkan pembelajaran efektif diera pandemic ialah dengan pembelajaran secara daring.
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi pustaka yang sesuai dikembangkan. Studi pustaka tersebut terdiri dari 4 langkah, yaitu pemilihan topic artikel, mencari serta menyeleksi artikel dan buku yang berkaitan dengan topik, menganalisis dan mensintesis literatur, dan mengorganisasikan tulisan.
Praktik yang dikembangkan dalam pendidikan dengan menerapkan pembelajaran secara daring memberikan pengaruh besar. Sistem pembelajaran daring mengenalkan peserta didik tentang pemanfaatan teknologi, pembelajaran yang lebih kondusif serta belajar mandiri. Pemanfaatan pembelajaran dengan menggunakan sistem daring membantu perkembangan pendidikan kearah yang lebih maju. Sehingga pembelajaran daring memberikan inovasi baru terhadap dunia pendidikan.
Analisis Tantangan dan Peluang Guru di Era Digital
Authors: Zebua Feliks Rejeki Sotani
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini menganalisis tantangan dan peluang yang dihadapi oleh para guru di era digital. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan library research. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tantangan yang dihadapi oleh guru di era digital meliputi krisis moral, keterampilan melek digital, krisis sosial, perkembangan IPTEK, menjadi teladan, dan penggunaan media pembelajaran berbasis teknologi. Guru harus beradaptasi dengan cepat dan menguasai teknologi yang relevan, sambil tetap menjadi teladan bagi siswa dan membimbing mereka dalam memahami batasan teknologi. Di sisi lain, peluang yang ada bagi guru di era digital adalah pengembangan bahan ajar berbasis digital yang fleksibel dan menarik, serta pengembangan bahan ajar berwawasan multikultural yang memperluas pemahaman siswa tentang dunia.
Implementasi Computational Thinking Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik Mapel Bahasa Indonesia Kelas III SD Negeri Demangan
Authors: Afnyya Nuni , Aprinastuti Christiyanti
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hasil belajar siswa dengan penerapan metode berfikir computational thinking pada Pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia Materi Ide Pokok Siswa Kelas III b SD Negeri Demangan Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) merupakan bentuk penelitian tindakan yang diterapkan dalam aktivitas pembelajaran di kelas. Populasinya adalah seluruh siswa/i di kelas III A SD Negeri Demangan Yogyakarta. Analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis varian, hasil temuan ini menunjukkan: 1). Hasil belajar siswa kelas III b pelajaran bahasa indonesia materi jenis paragraf sebelum menggunakan metode berfikir computational thinking belum terbukti memuaskan 2). Penerapan metode berfikir computational thinking berjalan sesuai dengan yang diharapkan yakni sejalan dengan rancangan penelitian yang telah dirancang dan direspon dengan baik oleh siswa kelas III b, 3). Penerapan metode berfikir computational thinking sangat tepat untuk digunakan karena hasil belajar yang diperoleh meningkat.
Penerapan PERMA Nomor 1 Tahun 2020 Dalam Perkara Tindak Pidana Korupsi
Authors: Divani Fajria Hadi  , Efren Nova
Published: December 2023

Based on data from Indonesia Corruption Watch, in the last 4 years corruption cases related to state’s financial losses are the most committed and increase significantly, oftentimes have disparities in punishment. To overcome this, PERMA No. 1 of 2020 concerning Article 2 and Article 3 of the Corruption Eradication Law was issued. The interesting thing is even though there is a guideline for sentencing related offenses, there are still court decisions that are not in accordance with the provisions of PERMA. One of them is Decision No. 33/Pid.Sus/TPK/2020/PN.Pdg. The issues that are tried to be discussed are: 1) How is the application of PERMA No. 1 of 2020 in Decision No. 33/Pid.Sus/TPK/2020/PN.Pdg; and 2) What is the basis for the judge's consideration in sentencing the defendant in Decision No. 33/Pid.Sus/TPK/2020/PN.Pdg. This research uses normative juridical methods through case approach and statue approach. The results show that: 1) The application of PERMA No. 1 of 2020 in Decision No. 33/Pid.Sus/TPK/2020/PN.Pdg, has not been perfectly applied by the panel of judges. In sentencing, the judge is less thorough so that the crime imposed on the defendant is lower than the level of guilt; and 2) The basis for the judge's consideration in sentencing the defendant in Decision No. 33/Pid.Sus/TPK/2020/PN.Pdg, considers the role of the defendant who, although as the driving force or mastermind of this crime, the defendant will not be able to carry it out if there is no cooperation with the authorized person. Therefore, the panel of judges imposed a lower sentence than the Prosecutor’s demand.
Tinjauan Kriminologis Terhadap Faktor-Faktor Penyebab Terjadinya Tindak Pidana Dibidang Perikanan Dan Penanggulangannya Di Laut Kabupaten Bintan
Authors: Alhadi Hafiz dwi , Nelwitis  , Kurniawan Iwan
Published: December 2023

Fishery resources are one of the many natural resources in Indonesia. Its vast aquatic territory makes Indonesia an archipelagic country that hosts numerous activities at sea. The abundance of activities utilizing marine fisheries resources has led to actions detrimental to society. This research examines several issues, including: 1) What factors lead to criminal activities in the field of marine fisheries in the waters of Bintan Regency; and 2) What efforts are made by law enforcement authorities to prevent and address criminal activities in the field of marine fisheries in Bintan Regency. The research method used is empirical juridical research. Data collection is conducted through interviews with relevant parties and literature research related to the research topic. The obtained data is analyzed qualitatively and presented descriptively. The research results indicate that Bintan Regency is vulnerable to fisheries-related crimes. Several cases have been handled by the relevant authorities. The factors causing fisheries-related crimes in Bintan Regency can be summarized as follows: first, low awareness, compliance, and legal effectiveness; second, low economic status among fishermen; and third, low educational levels. Efforts made by law enforcement authorities include preventive measures such as legal counseling, patrols, redirecting community activities, providing environmentally friendly modern assistance, and establishing community monitoring groups. In addition, repressive efforts are also carried out through strict law enforcement, including arrests and examinations that result in the application of sanctions in accordance with the laws of Indonesia
Penegakan Hukum Tindak Pidana Pemerasan Dengan Ancaman Dalam Pembangunan Properti Di Kota Padang
Authors: Kevin Lie  , Aria Zurnetti  , Elda Edita
Published: December 2023

Crime is committed in various forms and developments. One of the things that occurs in society and receives little attention is the crime of extortion and threats. In Padang City there are cases of criminal acts of threats in property development. This was done by thugs under the pretext of security money. This is of course detrimental and requires action by the police. The formulation of the problem in this research is how to enforce the law against the crime of extortion with threats in property development in Padang City and what are the obstacles faced by the police in efforts to enforce the law for the crime of extortion with threats in property development in Padang City. The research method used is empirical legal research supported by field research at the Padang City Police Department by interviewing sources. Based on the results of the research, it shows that law enforcement for the criminal act of extortion with threats in property development carried out by the police is carried out by: 1. Repressive law enforcement through action based on the provisions of the criminal procedure law. 2. Preventive law enforcement, namely by prevention. The various obstacles faced by the Polresta Padang include limited personnel, the public accepting the practice of criminal acts of extortion with threats, criminal acts often occurring in remote areas and minimal reporting from the public
PERSEPSI PESERTA DIDIK KELAS VII TERHADAP PEMBELAJARAN DARING PADA MATA PELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA HINDU DAN BUDI PEKERTI DI SMP WIDYA SAKTI DENPASAR
Authors: Ni Luh Made Anggriantini  , Ni Made Anggreni  , Ni Nyoman Mariani
Published: December 2023

Adanya pandemi Covid-19 menyebabkan berbagai macam perubahan, salah satunya yakni pada bidang pendidikan, yang pada awalnya pembelajaran dilakukan secara tatap muka kini berubah menjadi pembelajaran daring. Pelaksanaan pembelajaran daring khususnya pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Hindu dan Budi Pekerti sudah ditempuh oleh peserta didik kelas VII. Namun, persepsi terhadap pembelajaran tersebut belum diketahui, maka perlu adanya penelitian dengan tujuan untuk mendeskripsikan persepsi peserta didik kelas VII terhadap pembelajaran daring pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Hindu dan Budi Pekerti di SMP Widya Sakti Denpasar. Adapun masalah yang akan dibahas adalah bagaimanakah persepsi peserta didik kelas VII terhadap pembelajaran daring pada mata pelajaran pendidikan Agama Hindu dan Budi Pekerti di SMP Widya Sakti Denpasar?

            Penelitian ini adalah penelitian survey menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah angket dengan 34 butir pernyataan. Uji coba instrumen penelitian dilakukan pada 30 peserta didik diluar sampel penelitian. Angket dinyatakan valid dan reliabel (r hitung = 0,361). Sampel penelitian adalah peserta didik kelas VII di SMP Widya Sakti Denpasar yang berjumlah 36 responden yang ditentukan menggunakan teknik Propotional Random Sampling. Teknik analisis data menggunakan statistik deskriptif yang meliputi distribusi frekuensi, dan histogram.

            Hasil penelitian menunjukkan persepsi peserta didik kelas VII terhadap pembelajaran daring pada mata pelajaran pendidikan Agama Hindu dan Budi Pekerti di SMP Widya Sakti Denpasar dari segi proses kealaman tergolong baik, dari segi proses fisiologis tergolong cukup baik, dari segi psikologis tergolong cukup baik, dan dari segi tanggapan atau prilaku tergolong cukup baik.
IMPLEMENTASI PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA HINDU DAN BUDI PEKERTI PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI SMP PGRI 2 DENPASAR
Authors: Ni Putu Damiyani  , Kadek Aria Prima Dewi PF  , Ida Ayu Gde Wulandari
Published: December 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the education system in Indonesia, according to the SE of the Ministry of Education and Culture Number 4 of 2020 concerning the Implementation of Education in the Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19) Emergency Period. In this condition, all teachers or educators are required to replace learning using E-learning or through online media, including at SMP PGRI 2 Denpasar. The formulation of the problems that will be studied in this research are: (1) How is the planning of learning Hindu religion and manners during the Covid-19 pandemic at SMP PGRI 2 Denpasar?, (2) How is the implementation of learning Hindu religion and manners during the Covid pandemic? -19 at SMP PGRI 2 Denpasar?, (3) How is the evaluation of learning Hindu religion and manners during the Covid-19 pandemic at SMP PGRI 2 Denpasar?. This study aims to: (1) describe the planning of learning Hindu religion and manners during the Covid-19 pandemic, (2) Analyzing the implementation of Hindu religious learning and manners during the Covid-19 pandemic, (3) Analyzing how to evaluate Hindu religious learning and manners during the Covid-19 pandemic at SMP PGRI 2 Denpasar, the problems in this study were studied using constructivism theory and behaviorism theory. This study uses data collection techniques of observation, interviews, literature study, documentation. The data that has been collected was analyzed using qualitative descriptive analysis techniques through three stages of data reduction activities, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Based on the results of research and data analysis, it shows that: (1) planning for learning Hinduism and manners during the Covid-19 pandemic at SMP PGRI 2 Denpasar through the stages of preparing the design of learning materials, preparing learning media and choosing Hindu religion and character learning methods in the time of the covid-19 pandemic. (2) the implementation of learning about Hindu religion and manners during the Covid-19 pandemic at SMP PGRI 2 Denpasar through preliminary activities, core activities, and closing activities. (3) evaluation of learning Hindu religion and manners during the Covid-19 pandemic at SMP PGRI 2 Denpasar through assessment of student knowledge, assessment of student attitudes and assessment of student skills.

Keywords: Learning, Hindu religious education and manners, the Covid-19 pandemic
TRADISI MEMUTRU PADA UPACARA NGABEN DI DESA DARMASABA KECAMATAN ABIANSEMAL KABUPATEN BADUNG (Perspektif Pendidikan Agama Hindu)
Authors: Rai Budayasa I Made , I Nengah  Sumantra  , I Gede Garbha Putra
Published: December 2023

Tradisi memutru adalah salah satu tradisi yang ada di Desa Adat Darmasaba yang dilaksanakan pada upacara ngaben. Adapun masalah yang akan dibahas antara lain: (1) Bagaimanakah prosesi tradisi memutru pada upacara ngaben di Desa Darmasaba?, (2) Apakah fungsi dari tradisi memutru pada upacara ngaben di Desa Darmasaba?, (3) Bagaimanakah internalisasi nilai pendidikan agama Hindu yang terdapat dalam tradisi memutru pada upacara ngaben di Desa Darmasaba?. Penelitian ini bertujuan (1) Untuk menjelaskan proses pelaksanaan tradisi memutru pada upacara ngaben di Desa Darmasaba, (2) Untuk mendeskripsikan fungsi tradisi memutru pada upacara ngaben, di Desa Darmasaba (3) Untuk menganalisis internalisasi nilai pendidikan agama hindu yang terdapat dalam prosesi tradisi memutru pada upacara ngaben di desa Darmasaba. Teori yang digunakan untuk menganalisis masalah adalah: teori religi, teori fungsional struktural, teori behavior. Metode pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan observasi, wawancara, keputakaan dan dokumentasi. Data yang telah terkumpul dianalisis dengan metode analisis deskriptif kualitatif, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Berdasarkan analisis data hasil yang didapat adalah (1) Prosesi tradisi memutru pada upacara ngaben diawali dengan menentukan dewasa ayu dan menyiapkan sarana prasarana. Selanjutnya dilaksanakan prosesi tradisi memutru pada upacara ngaben. (2) Fungsi tradisi memutru pada upacara ngaben di Desa Darmasaba yakni fungsi religi dalam memantapkan sradha dan bhakti, fungsi pendidikan agama Hindu, fungsi penyucian, pemuliaan, pembebasan, fungsi pelestarian budaya kearifan lokal genius Bali.(3)internalisasi nilai pendidikan agama Hindu dalam tradisi memutru pada upacara ngaben di desa Darmasaba yakni internalisasi nilai pendidikan yakni,  Teologi Ketuhanan, etika sosial, etika cinta kasih, yadnya,  estetika, nilai prema/ kebahagiaan tertinggi
Content strategies of Chinese reality shows in the era of media convergence
Authors: Zhen Chen
Published: December 2023

The scientific article is devoted to the study of content strategies used in Chinese reality shows during the period of media convergence. In the era of rapid media development and the merging of various platforms, the evolution of content approaches in Chinese reality programs is analyzed. The study focuses on the impact of this evolution on viewers and the role of reality TV in China's cultural and media landscape.The article is devoted to a detailed study of the content strategies of Chinese reality shows in the context of the modern era of media convergence. The authors analyze the impact of technological innovations and changes in the media environment on the development and presentation of reality formats, as well as the reaction of the Chinese audience to these changes. The article examines the various strategies used by producers to adapt to the new demands of the digital era and effectively interact with viewers.The article is based on the analysis of the study of content strategies that are actively used today in modern Chinese reality shows, during the period of rapid development of media convergence. To achieve this goal, a comprehensive methodological approach was applied, including an analysis of the content of reality programs, a review of relevant literature on the topic and interviews with participants and viewers. The study showed the evolution of content strategies in Chinese reality shows, reflecting the decisive influence of media convergence on the production and perception of content. The current key trends and changes in the representation of reality, as well as interaction with the audience, are analyzed. The results of the study can be used to improve strategies for creating and promoting content in modern conditions of media convergence, as well as in the field of cultural studies and media research. The work contributes to understanding the dynamics of changes in the content of Chinese reality shows in the context of media convergence, identifying unique aspects of this process in Chinese culture and society. The study confirms the importance of adapting content strategies under the influence of media convergence and puts forward proposals for the development of more effective content approaches in the modern Chinese media environment.
A contribuição da formação continuada na área da tecnologia para o desenvolvimento profissional de professores
Authors: Silva Ana Paula Spínola , Saggin Felipe Luís , Santos Rafael dos
Published: December 2023

Objetivo: Analisar como a formação continuada na área da tecnologia pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento profissional de professores. Revisão bibliográfica: A formação continuada na área da tecnologia pode ser um importante instrumento para o desenvolvimento profissional de professores, especialmente no que diz respeito à atualização de conhecimentos e habilidades relacionados ao uso destas em sala de aula. Além disso, a formação continuada pode auxiliar no desenvolvimento de competências socioemocionais, como a capacidade de trabalhar em equipe e a resolução de problemas. Considerações finais: O trabalho enfatizou a importância da formação continuada na área para o desenvolvimento profissional de docentes, destacando a necessidade de políticas públicas que incentivem e financiem a realização desses programas de formação. Além disso, a literatura científica ressaltou que a importância de que a formação seja pensada de forma a promover uma educação mais contextualizada, crítica e reflexiva.
Técnicas inovadoras de entrega transdérmica de fármacos na leishmaniose cutânea
Authors: Fialho Saara Neri , Branco Junior Arlindo Gonzaga , Oliveira Vitória Morais de , Gouveia Aurileya de Jesus , Martinez Leandro do Nascimento , Ferreira Amália Santos , Silva Minelly Azevedo da , Teles Carolina Bioni Garcia
Published: December 2023

Objetivo: Identificar os estudos que analisaram o uso de distintos sistemas de entrega transdérmica, tanto para novas substâncias com potencial leishmanicida, quanto para os fármacos incluídos no arsenal terapêutico para o tratamento da leishmaniose cutânea. Métodos: Para tanto, foram utilizadas as seguintes etapas: identificação do tema, formulação da pergunta norteadora, delimitação dos descritores e seleção das bases de dados, estabelecimento de critérios de exclusão e de inclusão dos trabalhos, busca da amostragem na literatura e pré-seleção dos trabalhos (leitura de resumos e títulos); leitura dos estudos selecionados e, por fim, a interpretação dos resultados. Resultados: Diante disso, foram encontrados 903 estudos, sendo 305 com os descritores “leishmaniasis” AND “drug delivery systems” e 598 com os descritores “leishmaniasis” AND “transdermal administration”.  Desses, foram excluídos 820, após a leitura dos títulos e resumos e mais 67 após a leitura integral do trabalho. Após análise e leitura minuciosa foram selecionados 16 trabalhos. Considerações finais: Os estudos revisados neste artigo demonstram que os sistemas de entrega transdérmica têm se mostrado promissores e inovadores no tratamento da leishmaniose cutânea.
Newly designed automated feedback-controlled retinal laser coagulation system
Authors:   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Boiko E.V. ,   I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Suetov A.A. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation,   State Scientific Research Test Institute of Military Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Doktorova T.A. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation,   I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Izmaylov A.S. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Ivanov A.A. ,   Alkom Medica LLC, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Pischelin A.V. ,   Alkom Medica LLC, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: December 2023

Purpose. To investigate the possibility of conducting controlled laser coagulation of the retina using the feedback principle based on automated video monitoring. Material and methods. The developed automated system of laser coagulation of the retina with feedback has been tested on the fundus model in vitroand in vivoon the eyes of rabbits. The uniformity of coagulates in brightness and the required time of coagulate formation for the selected laser exposure modes were investigated. Results. On the fundus model and on the eyes of rabbits at a laser radiation power of 100, 140, 200 and 300 mW at each of the tested brightness levels in the range of 5–70% of the background value, uniform burns in brightness (coefficient of variation less than 10%) were obtained. The duration of the coagulate formation in automatic mode directly depended on the laser power: at a power of 200 and 300 mW, it did not exceed 0.3 s, at a power of 100 mW and a given brightness, it exceeded 1 s by more than 50%. With a power of 200 and 300 mW, the actual brightness was greater than planned in the range of 5–15% of the background level. With a power of 140 mW, there was no difference between the actual and planned brightness, and the duration of coagulate formation did not exceed 0.6 s with a burn brightness of 70% of the background. Conclusion. The new automated system of laser coagulation of the retina with feedback has great potential for development and implementation in clinical practice, allowing to carry out laser exposure on the fundus in vitroand in vivoto obtain reproducible threshold and near-threshold effects. Key words: retina, laser coagulation, laser system, feedback system
NILAI PERSAHABATAN DALAM FILM YOWIS BEN 2
Authors: Novansyah Rendhy , Hakim Lukman
Published: December 2023

Sahabat merupakan teman sebaya yang berpartisipasi dalam kegiatan bersama, saling mendukung dan berbagi kedekatan. Kisah-kisah persahabatan seringkali menjadi plot utama dalam alur cerita film. Film Yowis Ben yang berdurasi 1 jam 49 menit ini diangkat dari genre komedi-drama Indonesia karya Fajar Nugros dan Bayu Skak menggambarkan perjalanan sebuah band lokal yang berbasis Bahasa Jawa dalam membersarkan nama bandnya hingga ranah Nasional. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pandangan para tokoh dalam film “Yowis Ben 2” tentang nilai-nilai persahabatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan semiotika Roland Barthes yang didasarkan pada penalaran melalui tanda dan  makna. Tiga bagian dasar pembangkitan tanda didukung oleh model Denotasi, Konotasi, dan Mitos. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa film “Yowis Ben 2” nilai persahabatan diantaranya kepedulian, solidaritas dan kekompakan.
Komunikasi dan Interaksi Ninik Mamak dengan Anak Kemenakan dalam Pembagian Harta Warisan Masyarakat Lubuk Bendahara Sebagai Wujud Penerapan Restorative Justice
Authors: Askarial askarial  , Rinaldi Kasmanto
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa bagaimana komunikasi dan interaksi Ninik Mamak terhadap pembagian harta warisan pada masyarakat Lubuk Bendahara, seperti yang diketahui, di Desa Lubuk Bendahara ada yang disebut Ninik Mamak, Ninik Mamak merupakan orang yang dituakan atau yang memimpin suku. Ninik Mamak memiliki berbagai macam tugas tidak terkecuali pada pembagian harta warisan yang terjadi di Desa Lubuk Bendahara. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Ada tiga tahapan yang dilalui dalam penelitian ini yakni observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan pada hasil yang diperoleh yaitu Penyelesaian sengketa harta warisan di Lubuk Bendahara dilakukan dengan melibatkan Ninik Mamak. Peran Ninik Mamak dalam pembagian harta warisan lebih condong kepada meredam atau meredahkan konflik harta warisan yang terjadi. Dalam pembagian harta warisan di Lubuk Bendahara, tidak jarang menimbulkan konflik, terlebih lagi ketika yang ditinggalkan berupa tanah, dan anak yang ditinggalkan cukup banyak, sehingga sering kali terjadi perkelahian antar saudara. Peran Ninik Mamak disini sebagai penengah atau mediator dalam meredamkan konflik tersebut.
Kelas Ibu Hamil sebagai Media Komunikasi Tenaga Kesehatan dan Ibu Hamil
Authors: Aisyah Farah Aulia , Prastyanti Shinta , Ganjar Runtiko Agus
Published: December 2023

Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) di Kabupaten Banyumas tahun 2021 adalah 44  kasus kematian ibu atau sebesar 181,09 per 100.000 kelahiran hidup. Target AKI dalam RPJMN tahun 2019-2024 sebesar 70/100.000 kelahiran hidup. Artinya target RPJMN Kabupaten Banyumas belum tercapai. Dari data Angka Kematian Ibu di Kabupaten Banyumas, yang perlu dilaksanakan salah satunya adalah kelas ibu hamil sebagai media komunikasi antara ibu hamil dan tenaga kesehatan. Ibu hamil dapat menambah wawasan kehamilan. Dan tenaga kesehatan dapat lebih memahami kondisi kesehatan dari masing-masing ibu hamil. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengkaji bagaimana kelas ibu hamil menjadi media komunikasi antara ibu hamil dan tenaga kesehatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pemilihan informan purposive sampling. Informan dari penelitian ini berjumlah tiga orang dari tenaga kesehatan di Puskesmas Banyumas dan lima orang dari peserta kelas ibu hamil. Sasaran penelitian ini adalah Program Kelas Ibu Hamil di Desa Sudagaran. Data didapat melalui wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Data dianalisis menggunakan model interaktif Miles and Huberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukan kelas ibu hamil di Desa Sudagaran telah diadakan sejak tahun 2012. Sebagai media komunikasi, kelas ibu hamil di Desa Sudagaran memiliki fungsi untuk infromasi, diskusi, serta pendidikan dan pegajaran nilai kepada ibu hamil di Desa Sudagaran.
MODEL PENGELOLAAN PENYIARAN DIGITAL (STUDI KASUS PADA PERSIAPAN ANALOG SWITCH OFF 2022 DI PROVINSI RIAU)
Authors: Setiawan Hisam , Yasir  , Suyanto
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran atas model pengelolaan penyiaran digital dengan studi kasus pada persiapan Analog Switch Off (ASO) atau perpindahan televisi analog ke televisi digital di Provinsi Riau yang akan berlangsung pada 2 November 2022 mendatang. Kesiapan Televisi Republik Indonesia (TVRI) Riau sebagai pengelola Multiplexing televisi digital dan kesiapan masyarakat dalam menerima siaran televisi digital di Provinsi Riau menjadi fokus utama. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis pendekatan kualitatif deskritif dengan metode penelitian studi kasus melalui wawancara dan teknik pengumpulan data observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model pengelolaan penyiaran digital di Provinsi Riau dengan memperhatikan beberapa indikator (a). Kualitas Penyiaran Digital (infrastruktur multiplexing televisi digital), (b). Pilihan Program Siaran (program siaran televisi digital) (c). Dukungan Perangkat (ekosistem perangkat penerima siaran digital – Set Top Box) dan (d). Pengetahuan Masyarakat (sosialisasi kepada masyarakat) masih belum maksimal dalam upaya mendukung persiapan pelaksanaan Analog Switch Off (ASO) di Provinsi Riau.
Isolation of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum producing Extracellular Lipase from Dairy Products and Optimization of the Enzyme Production
Authors: Ziyaee Mahdiye , Imanparast Somaye , Salimi Fatemeh , Jahandar Hoda
Published: December 2023

Recently, microbial lipases isolated from probiotic bacteria have attracted the attention of many scientists because they have significantly beneficial properties for human health. As a highly nutritious substrate, dairy products possess great potential for probiotic bacteria isolation. The main purpose of this study was to isolate probiotic bacteria in order to search for lipase producing bacteria. The bacteria were isolated from dairy products and purified by repeated sub-culturing on MRS medium at 37°C. The isolates were subjected to primary and secondary screening via fluorometric and colorimetric methods respectively. The isolates showing orange fluorescence under UV light at 350 nm around their colonies were selected for the colorimetric method. In this method, lipase activity was investigated by p-nitrophenyl palmitate. Probiotic characterizations of lipase-producing isolates were performed by acid resistance test, cell surface hydrophobicity assay, auto-aggregation and co-aggregation. The optimization of lipase production was performed by Central Composite Design (CCD). In the present study, 92 isolates were recovered from 71 samples. The results showed that 41 isolates were positive for fluorometric assay. According to the amount of enzyme production, seven strains were selected for probiotic characterizations. Finally, a potential probiotic strain of genus Lactobacillus showed the highest enzyme activity with 3.4 U.ml-1 compared to other isolates. This strain showed 100% similarity to Lactiplantibacillus plantarum. This research indicated that the lipase of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum can be used as a promising enzyme in the food and medicine industries.
Genomic Variants Driven Drug Repurposing for SARS-CoV-2 Using Bioinformatics-based Approach
Authors: Sakthivel Jayaraj , Vignesh Sounderrajan , Sudhanarayani S. Rao , Thangam T. , Krupakar Parthasarathy
Published: December 2023

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) first appeared in China in December 2019 and since then, the outbreak expanded globally. Due to the limited supply of SARS-CoV-2 medicines on the market, an immediate strategy was required to accelerate the development of new drugs. Drug repurposing is one of the novel approaches for the therapeutics of several life-threatening diseases. This study identified 408 SARS-CoV-2-associated SNPs from the Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) catalog and 391 risk genes associated with SARS-CoV-2. The prioritization was performed based on six categories of functional annotations. SARS-CoV-2 risk genes were mapped into an expanded PPI network using the STRING database. We discovered the drugs that target deregulate SARS-CoV-2 risk genes. Here, we demonstrated the drug target genes overlapped with the drugs for other clinical indications. Hence, we suggest that the identified drugs may be repurposed for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 and its variants. Overall, this study emphasizes the integration of functional genomic variants and bioinformatics-based approaches to drive drug repurposing efforts for the therapeutics options for COVID-19.
Biological Potential of Ethyl Gallate
Authors: Muddu Krihna C. , Jayaprakash N.K. , Asha S. , Sravan Kumar Reddy T.
Published: December 2023

Most of the drugs have side effects in patients due to drug induced toxicity. The drug induced toxicity has to be reduced by addition of antioxidants which are available naturally. For example, ethyl gallate is one of the promising agents which has great antioxidant properties. Apart from antioxidant properties, it has anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-HIV properties. Combination dosing of drugs with ethyl gallate will reduce the drug induced toxicity by improving their actual potency. The motive of this review is to understand the importance of ethyl gallate showing antioxidant activity which when induced with a certain drug, decreases the toxic effects of drugs and has beneficial properties such as anti-inflammation and anti-HIV. The major benefit of ethyl gallate is that it is available in many natural products and can be obtained easily.
Response surface methodology optimisation enhancing lactic acid production from Prosopis africana pods by Rhizopus oryzae
Authors: Ahmed El-Imam Amina , Sanusi Mardhiyah A. , Ighalo Eromosele , Oke Mushafau A. , Omojasola Patricia F.
Published: December 2023

Microbial fermentation of lignocellulosic biomass into lactic acid (LA) has received considerable attention because it ensures the valorisation of wastes and reduces dependence on fossil sources. First, the proximate and phytochemical compositions of Prosopis africana pods (PAP) were determined. Previous biologically-pretreated pods of Prosopis africana were then saccharified using dilute acid hydrolysis following a full factorial design. The factors optimized were acid type (HCl and H2SO4), acid concentration (1 %, 3 % and 5 %), solid loading ratio (5 %, 10 % and 20 %) and reaction time (15, 30 and 60 minutes). Several Rhizopus oryzae isolates were screened for LA production and the most prolific was molecularly identified. The factors affecting LA yield from PAP hydrolysate were screened using a half-factorial design. The significant factors were then optimised using Box-Behnken Design of Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The proximate analysis showed high levels of protein, lipid, ash and carbohydrates. The phytochemical analysis of PAP revealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, phenols, tannins, glycosides and terpenoids. The hydrolysis conditions of 3 % HCl, 20 % solid loading and 15 minutes hydrolysis time yielded the highest reducing sugars of 42.5 g/L. The most promising isolate, identified as R. oryzae strain AK-22, produced 19.7 g/L after RSM optimization, a 38.1 % increase over yields from non-optimised conditions. These findings are on the biotechnological production of LA from the pods of Prosopis africana, an abundant yet under-utilised tree crop.