bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGGUNAAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE TPS (THINK PAIR SHARE) UNTUK MENCAPAI HASIL BELAJAR FISIKA MATERI KALOR
Authors: Untajana Adha Marchellino , Untajana Sally
Published: June 2024

This study aims to describe the learning outcomes of science physics students The density material taught using the  Think Pair Share (TPS) Type cooperative learning model in grade VII students of SMP Negeri 8 Ambon. The type of research used in this study is a type of descriptive research that aims to describe existing phenomena, which take place now or in the past, and seeks to systematically describe facts and characteristics about the learning outcomes of Science Physics Students. From the research conducted, it showed that in obtaining the initial test results, none of the students completed learning on the Wave material with an average achievement score of 28.09. In the cognitive aspect, as many as 100% of students succeeded in mastering learning indicators, in the affective aspect, as many as 100% of students succeeded in mastering learning indicators, and in the psychomotor aspect, as many as 100% of students succeeded in mastering learning indicators. With an average achievement score on the cognitive aspect is 79.87, on the affective aspect is 73.33 and on the psychomotor aspect is 75.67. Based on the results of the research conducted, it can be concluded that the use of the Think Pair Share (TPS) Type cooperative learning model can help students achieve Physics Science learning outcomes in cognitive, affective, psychomotor, formative tests and final grades with sufficient qualifications. Thus, the use of  the Think Pair Share (TPS) type cooperative learning model  can activate students in the teaching and learning process.
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN KEUANGAN DAERAH DALAM PELAKSANAAN OTONOMI KHUSUS DI KOTA JAYAPURA
Authors: Parera Jemy Ricardo
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besarnya kemampuan keuangan daerah dalam pelaksanaan otonomi khusus di Kota Jayapura dan besarnya Rasio Kemampuan Keuangan Daerah. Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) merupakan salah satu sumber keuangan yang dimiliki oleh daerah yang berasal dari berbagai komponen seperti pajak daerah, retribusi daerah, laba BUMD dan pendapatan lain-lainnya yang sah. PAD diharapkan dapat menjadi salah satu sumber keuangan yang dapat dihandalkan dalam penyelengaraan otonomi daerah. Penyelengaraan otonomi daerah, harus benar-benar menggali semaksimal mungkin potensi-potensi pendapatan di daerahnya, sehingga dapat meminimalisir persoalan pembiayaan. Metode analisis yang digunakan berupa rasio kemandirian, rasio ketergantungan, dan rasio desentralisasi fiskal. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa, rasio kemandirian daerah Kota Jayapura selama lima tahun terakhir adalah masih sangat kurang tingkat kemandiriannya. Dimana, tingkat kemandiriannya yang terendah adalah tahun 2020 sebesar 19.12 %, dan yang tertinggi adalah tahun 2022 sebesar 37.27 %. Rasio ketergantungan Kota Jayapura selama lima tahun terakhir adalah sedang dengan tingkat ketergantungannya. Rasio ketergantungan Kota Jayapura yang terendah adalah tahun 2022 sebesar 56.27 %, dan yang tertinggi adalah tahun 2018 sebesar 68.92 %. Rasio desentralisasi fiskal Kota Jayapura selama lima tahun terakhir adalah masih statusnya kurang kemampuan kinerja keuangan. Rasio desentralisasi terendah adalah tahun 2020 sebesar 122.45 % dan yang tertinggi adalah tahun 2022 sebesar 20.97 %.
ANALISIS USAHA PERIKANAN TANGKAP MINI PURSE SEINE DI DESA NDAO NUSE, KECAMATAN NDAO NUSE KABUPATEN ROTE NDAO
Authors: Yami Santo E , Rehatta Beatrix M , Angwarmasse Izaak
Published: June 2024

Usaha penangkapan merupakan satu unit ekonomi yang diperhatikan dalam pelaksanaan dengan memperhitungkan biaya-biaya yang dikeluarkan dan keuntungan yang diperoleh, khusunya usaha penangkapan mini purse seine di Kecamatan Ndao Nuse agar dapat berjalan terus. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survei dan observasi. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer dan sekunder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan investasi yang digunakan oleh nelayan di Desa Ndao Nuse untuk usaha penangkapan mini purse seine, rata-rata yaitu Rp. 398.927.273. Biaya investasi ini digunakan untuk pembelian kapal, mesin dan jaring (pukat). Besarnya biaya tetap yang harus dikeluarkan oleh nelayan perikanan tangkap mini purse seine (responden) bervariasi tergantung kebutuhannya, dengan rata-rata sebesar Rp. 22.134.759, Biaya tidak tetap diperuntukan untuk biaya operasional berupa pembelian bahan bakar minyak (BBM), perbekalan dan biaya gaji/upah, dimana biaya bahan bakar minyak (BBM) yang dikeluarkan rata-rata sebesar Rp. 3.109.091, sedangkan besaran biaya perbekalan yang disiapkan rata-rata sebesar Rp. 2.652.273. Perhitungan R/C ratio usaha perikanan dengan rata-rata sebesar 4,55 dan rata nilai ROI (Return on Investment) sebesar 35,40%, hasil perhitungan BEP (Break Even Point) atau titik impas menunjukkan bahwa usaha perikanan tersebut mengalami untung dengan nilai BEP rata-rata sebesar Rp.1.683.421. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa usaha perikanan mini purse seine nelayan Desa Ndao Nuse Kecamatan Ndao Nuse Kabupaten Rote Ndao dengan menggunakan analisis ROI, R/C Ratio dan Break Event Point (BEP) menunjukan bahwa usaha perikanan tangkap mini purse seine di Desa Ndao Nuse Kecamatan Ndao Nuse layak dijalankan, dengan pendapatan per bulan sebesar 2,45% dan sangat menguntungkan.
RUSSIANS IN TURKESTAN: ADAPTING TO THE LOCAL CULTURE OR SERVING IN THE NAME OF EMPIRE BUILDING?
Authors:   Institute of Oriental Studies of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Alimdzhanov Bakhtiyor A.
Published: June 2024

The article considers the cultural adaptation of two generations of the Russian population in Turkestan. The biographies of the “first Turkestanians” — the diplomat (N. Petrovsky), military man and scientist (V. P. Nalivkin), missionary (N. P. Ostroumov), military man and administrator (N. S. Lykoshin) — are presented as examples of cultural adaptation to local realities. The biographies of these people catch a pattern: they were born in European Russia, came to Turkestan when they were young to make a career, taught and knew local languages and culture well. The main motivation for their actions can be describe as desire to serve faithfully and honestly to the interests of the Russian Empire in the East. Conditionally, we call them the first generation of Turkestan Russians who worked for the benefit and strengthening of the empire. The author also drew upon personal cards of bank employees of the “second generation of Turkestanians” who were actively involved in the socio-economic life of Russian Turkestan. The author believes that the views of the first generation of Russians on local culture were orientalist and Messianic. The first generation of “Turkestanians” dreamed of merging cultures and integrating the local economy into the general imperial one. The second generation of Russians, who were born in Turkestan, radically differed from the first generation, and was less orientalist, and they had almost no elements of exclusivity and Messianism. Russians born in Turkestan learned languages faster, adapted to the local culture, received education in Tashkent and Kokand, worked in local government and financial structures. When writing the article, the author used unpublished archival materials of the Russian Federation and Uzbekistan, memoirs, as well as personal correspondence of diplomats and military personnel.
“KARYMS” — THE PHENOMENON OF INTERETHNIC MIXING OF RUSSIANS AND BURYATS IN THE SOUTHEAST OF EASTERN SIBERIA
Authors:   Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies of the Siberian Branch of the RAS, Zhambalova Sesegma G.
Published: June 2024

Based on fieldwork, archival, literary, and electronic sources, the article explores the phenomenon of interethnic mixing of Russians and Buryats in the southeast of Eastern Siberia — the settled indigenous people, the Karyms. Ideographic and comparative methods have allowed considering this topic from the imperial era to the 21st century. Since the late 17th century, the region became an arena for interaction between two peoples, races, language families, cultures, and religions. The nomadic experience of the Buryats provided cultural receptions for the adaptation of Russians. It is revealed that imperial policies regarding the Karyms, on one hand, supported internal isolation of traditional Buryat and Russian societies, while, on the other hand, implementing a gradual ac-culturation of some baptized Buryats who transitioned, thanks to interethnic marriage, to a settled way of life. Three stages in the formation of the Karyms identity are identified. The first, imperial stage, involved the formation of an interethnic group of indigenous people with special rights and duties, leading a settled lifestyle as peasant-farmers under Steppe councils. Isolation and the border position shaped an ethnic group with a common origin, culture, language, and self-awareness. The second stage was a period of voluntary assimilation: during Soviet times, the Karyms reasonably identified themselves as Russians. The third stage, in the 21st century, sees the Karyms descendants striving to officially assert themselves. The correlation between the concepts of “Karym” and “metis” is examined, proving their ambiguity. The term “metis” denotes a borderline anthropological type, referring to an individual’s phenotype. The Karyms represent a phenomenon of interethnic mixing between Russians and the Buryats in the southeast of Eastern Siberia, the result of one facet of Russia’s colonial policy that contributed to stabilizing the ethno-political and demographic situation.
RUSSIAN TEACHER IN THE KARELIAN VILLAGE IN THE LATE 19TH — EARLY 20TH CENTURY: PROBLEMS OF ENCULTURATION AND ADAPTATION
Authors:   Institute of Language, Literature and History of the Karelian Research Center of the RAS, Ilyukha Olga P.
Published: June 2024

The aim of the article is to show the spheres in which the enculturation of Russian teachers took place in the Karelian rural society of the late 19th — early 20th centuries, during the period of rapid growth of this professional group. Teachers, along with other representatives of the emerging rural intelligentsia — priests, feldshers, agronomists, as well as rural administration workers — constituted an ethno-dispersed group of Russians in the territory of Karelia. The novice teacher, carrying out the “Kulturtrager mission”, had to fit into the local society, to gain the understanding and trust of the Karelian peasants in order for the school to solve the problem of strengthening the position of Orthodoxy, role of the Russian language and enlightenment of the Karelian population, to win their loyalty through “soft power” as opposed to forced Russification. To that effect different personal strategies were implemented, the poles of which can be considered to be, on the one hand, acceptance of Karelian cultural peculiarities and enculturation, which became the basis of the adaptation process, and, on the other hand, distancing from the locals, maladaptation and social deformation. Adopting local taboos and behavioral rules, mastering the Karelian language, adjusting school pedagogy to the basic folk ideas of child rearing are typical components of social and professional adaptation of the Karelian village teacher. Based on the reports of teachers and school inspectors, teachers’ publications in the press, travelers’ notes and other sources, it is shown that in everyday life there was a spontaneous, largely situational borrowing of elements of ethnic culture, while in the professional sphere advanced teachers consciously took account of local cultural specifics, which resulted, in particular, in the adjustment of the school calendar and disciplinary practices at school.
MERCHANT ESTATES AS PART OF THE CULTURAL SPACE OF THE 19TH — EARLY 20TH CENTURY PROVINCIAL TOWN
Authors:   Yelabuga Institute, Kazan Federal University, Maslova Inga V.
Published: June 2024

The article presents the results of studying urban estates of provincial merchants based on a field survey of the preserved buildings of Yelabuga and analysis of various sources. The estate form of development determined the type of urban space of Yelabuga from the beginning of the 19th century and to the 1917 revolutionary upheavals. According to their purpose, merchant estates can be divided into residential and commercial-industrial, which was in many ways typical of the trading cities of the Central Russian zone. The structure of a merchant estate included a residential building, courtyard with outbuildings (stables, sheds, a glacier and a barn), bathhouse, one or two outbuildings, and garden plot. Geographically, the estates occupied plots measuring 17–20 acres, located on the sides of longitudinal streets and extended into the depths of the block. After the 1850 great city fire, each estate was fenced on two (and in some cases three) sides with firewall walls. The front of the house with a gate overlooked the red line of the street. The composition of the manor house was determined by the norms of regular urban planning, location, functional use of the territories, size and configuration of the land plot, as well as a local landscape. In the second half of the 19th — early 20th centuries, when Yelabuga turned into a large commercial center, a new type of merchant estate, combining residential and trading functions, became widespread. On the estate territory, in addition to residential and commercial buildings, there were shops and stores, warehouses and storehouses. At the same time, the merchants began to pay considerable attention to the functional side of buildings, their convenience, comfort, lighting, and ventilation.
BABCHESTVO IN ONE KOSTROMA AREA: GENESIS AND CURRENT STATE
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Kuchko Valeria S. , Surikova Olesya D. ,   Ural Federal University
Published: June 2024

The article focuses on the socio-cultural situation in the south of the Makaryevsky district of the Kostroma region, within the modern settlements Bolshoe Yurovo, Yurovo, Bolshye and Malye Rymy. A number of important social functions in the local community during the Soviet period (and some by today) were performed by older women — they are commonly called babushki/ molel’nye babushki. They were midwives, healers, participated in religious rituals (performed divine services in prayer houses, funeral services, baptized children), in a number of calendar and non-calendar rituals (in the spring hailing of the newlyweds, in rounds of the village to protect it from fires, etc.), and also had the authority to punish members of the community for violations. The work is based on field material collected in the named area by the Ural University Toponymic Expedition in the summer of 2023. The authors’ purpose is to describe this phenomenon, for which they propose the term babchestvo, in the form it was found by today’s local residents of the older generation, to name the possible prerequisites for its formation and the factors that supported its development. Tracing the history of the region, the authors propose a hypothesis about the possible influence of the Old Believers’ past on the functioning of the institution of babchestvo in these localities.
“TENSE” SOUNDS IN RITUALISM AND MAGIC (BASED ON MATERIALS OF CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC TRADITION OF KOSTROMA REGION)
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Berezovich Elena L. , Malkova Yana V. ,   Ural Federal University
Published: June 2024

This article is devoted to studying Russian folk rituals, magic practices and beliefs, in which the sound component (namely “tense” sounds, too loud or, vice versa, too low voice, special intonation or tempo, etc.) plays a significant role; it also identifies vocabulary “serving” for these situations, features of communication acts and “tense” sound functions. Cultural and linguistic traditions of Kostroma region was selected for the research. Field records made in 1975–2003 by the Toponymical expedition of the Ural University were taken as the material for analysis; some other written sources containing local dialects were also involved. The analysis conducted allows concluding that “tense” ritual or magical speech is described mainly using words from the following families of the verbs klikat’ (to shriek), krichat’ (to scream), vopit’ (to yell), revet’ (to cry), vyt’ (to howl), sheptat’ (to whisper). After getting into the ritual field, words with initial “household” semantics obtain special features, which is reflected in their lexical meaning and syntax properties. “Tense” sounds are typical for some family rituals (funeral and prayer for the dead, bachelorette party the day before the wedding, after-wedding viyunishnik (ritual of celebration of a newly wedded couple)) and rituals associated with some calendar dates, such as Egoriev den’ (George’s Day in Spring), Velikiy Chetverg (Holy Thursday), Krestopoklonnaya nedelya (the Adoration of the Holy Cross); it can also be used during verbal magic and sorcery. The identified functions of this sound production method are as follows: emotive, social, apotropeitive, producing, malicious and healing.
THE NAGAYBAKS’ TRADITIONAL NUTRITION SYSTEM: A STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS
Authors:   Institute of History and Archaeology, Ural Branch of the RAS, Atnagulov Irek R.
Published: June 2024

The ethnic processes that took place in the Southern Urals since the mid-18th century had been accompanied by Slavic-Turkic contacts and the emergence of new identities. One of these was the Nagaybaks, baptized Tatars who were transferred to the Cossacks. Their ethno-cultural image was formed during contacts with unbaptized groups — the Chuvash people, the Transkama Udmurts and the Eastern Mari. From the mid-19th century, Russian influences increased, and relations with the Kazakhs appeared. As a result, by the beginning of the 20th century, the Nagaybaks had developed their own original complex of economy and culture, which allowed them to be considered as a new ethnic phenomenon. Despite numerous innovations, the Nagaybaks culture retains archaic features, obviously reflecting deep historical ties with the Tatars and the Turkic world as a whole. In this regard, nutrition system seems to be a convenient material for studying. The article offers its structural-chronological and structural-functional analysis. Three chronologically consecutive layers in the genesis are distinguished — substrate, main and adstrate-superstrate. Each of them reflects the stages of the Nagaybaks’ ethnic history and their ancestors, the Tatars and other Turks. A significant part of the vocabulary related to agriculture, cattle breeding and the raw material base of the nutrition system reveals similarities with such phenomena among most Turkic peoples and defines its substrate. The main one reflects the Kazan-Tatar period. The later superstrate phenomena are Russian, Kazakh and other influences.
FERROUS METALLURGY OF THE URALS IN THE FIRST THIRD OF THE 19TH CENTURY: CRISIS OR SLOW GROWTH?
Authors:   Institute of History and Archaeology, Ural Branch of the RAS, Shumkin Georgy N.
Published: June 2024

The article provides an overview of the scholarship on the development of ferrous metallurgy in the Urals in the early 19th century. It is shown that the researchers failed to come to a consensus on the direction and nature of the development of this industry: some historians believed that it was experiencing a crisis; others argued that it continued to grow, albeit at a slower pace than in the 18th century. The evidence base of proponents of both views was based on statistics of cast iron production, the smelting of which was strictly taken into account by the government. The state of the sources did not allow the researchers to put a definitive end to this issue. The position of the supporters of the growth of ferrous metallurgy is less justified. The materials on which they paint a picture of an increase in cast iron output either represent data on individual farms; either they take as the starting point not 1801, when cast iron smelting reached the pre-crisis peak of production, but 1807, when its decline had already occurred; or the statistics they provide do not confirm their own statements about growth production. The opinion of researchers who believed that the industry was in crisis is better reasoned, but due to the fragmentary nature of statistical data, they were unable to accurately determine the chronological framework of the crisis. If no one doubts the beginning of the crisis — the turn of the 18th–19th centuries, then its completion is the subject of discussion.
REGIONAL FINANCIAL CENTERS OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 19TH CENTURY AND THE EARLY 20TH CENTURY
Authors:   Moscow Lomonosov State University, Salomatina Sofya A.
Published: June 2024

This study addresses the hierarchy of financial centers in the Russian Empire, which are evaluated via the volume of lending and money settlements in commercial banks. The study is based on balance sheet statistics of commercial banks for 1874, 1897, and 1913 as well as statistics on transfers between branches of the State Bank of the Russian Empire for 1868, 1878, 1888, and 1898. The settlements between these branches are visualized on geographical maps. The study proves that only St. Petersburg and Moscow had the status of national financial capitals, and they had a significant share of the financial system. In the Russian Empire, there were a few regional financial centers that always reached the top ten by sum of lending and number of transfers: Odessa, Kiev, Riga, Rostov-on-Don, and Kharkov. Warsaw and Nizhny Novgorod were close to making this list, although they do not meet all the criteria used in the present study. The hierarchy of smaller regional financial centers was volatile due to variance in the rates of regional development. However, the share of metropolitan and large regional centers gradually decreased due to the growth of operations in many ordinary regional centers. Thus, an important trait of Russian financial development was not the concentration of credits and settlements in the leading centers but rather their diversification across an increasing number of regional centers, which is undoubtedly a sign of the increasing influence of the financial system on the economic development of the empire.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KESEJAHTERAAN DI TENGAH KERAGAMAN SISWA MELALUI PENDIDIKAN MULTIKULTURAL DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Hasanah Julianne Uswatun , Nurqori’ah Sulis
Published: June 2024

In elementary school, each student certainly has different backgrounds such as different cultural backgrounds, races, socioeconomic levels, and religions so that they have different values, norms, and behaviors.  The existence of diversity among high-class elementary school students makes multicultural education an effort to improve the welfare of students in the school environment with harmonious social interactions.  The steps taken to find out and answer these problems, the researchers conducted a literature study related to multicultural education to the finding that diversity among students can be addressed through multicultural education which is supported by the role of teachers as educators and the integration of multicultural education in subjects and the use of learning strategies that are in accordance with  the demands of multicultural education in order to achieve optimal learning outcomes by providing an understanding of attitudes in diversity for mutual respect, respect, and tolerance between friends in elementary school which is carried out both inside and outside the classroom and during learning activities and outside learning activities.  Multicultural education aims so that students as the nation's next generation can have social behavior in accordance with applicable norms and valuesKeywords: diversity, student, multicultural education
PENGARUH PEMBELAJARAN ONLINE TERHADAP MOTIVASI BELAJAR MAHASISWA
Authors: Zen Fadhila Zilfa , Susanti Nova , Sinuraya Wina Tiodora , Santia Ina , Gustian Gustian
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of online learning on student learning motivation. This research uses quantitative research methods. The sampling technique used in this study was purposive sampling and the data collection technique in this study was using a questionnaire with a Likert scale measurement. The research instrument used a questionnaire distributed via a Google Form link to measure the effect of online learning on students' learning motivation. Based on the value of 2 = 0.641, 64.1% of the students' learning motivation of the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education is influenced by the online learning system implemented.Keywords:  Online learning, Covid-19, Learning Motivation, student
EFEKTIVITAS LAYANAN KONSELING KELOMPOK DENGAN PENDEKATAN RATIONAL EMOTIVE BEHAVIOR THERAPY MENGGUNAKAN TEKNIK SIMBOLIS DAN LIVE MODELING DALAM MEMINIMALISIR KECEMASAN KARIR MAHASISWA AKHIR
Authors: M. Nurhikmah , Dea Ananda Siti
Published: June 2024

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of group counseling services with the Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy approach using symbol modeling and live modeling techniques in lowering the careers of final students. The participants in this study were 7 postgraduate students at UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta. This research is an experimental study using a single group pretest-posttest design that only uses one group of subjects (single case) and performs measurements before and before giving treatment to the subject (pretest-posttest) using the instrument, namely the final student career anxiety scale that has met the standard. the required validity and reliability. Experiments were carried out using group counseling with an approach using Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy, symbolic modeling techniques and live modeling. Method of data analysis with paired T test. The results of data analysis showed the value of t = 8.908 with p = 0.000 0.05 which means that there is a significant difference in the level of career anxiety of final students before and before receiving treatment for group counseling services using the Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy approach with live modeling and symbolic modeling techniques, and proven to be effective in reducing the level of career anxiety of final students.Keywords: Group Counseling Services, REBT, Symbolic Modeling, Live Modeling, Final Student Career Anxiety
UPAYA GURU DALAM MENGATASI KEBINGUNGAN SISWA MENGGUNAKAN METODE CERAMAH PLUS TANYA JAWAB DALAM PEMBELAJARAN DARING
Authors: Olang Jemry Bernabas , Soesanto Robert Harry
Published: June 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic requires teachers to conduct online learning. Monotonous online learning using the lecture method causes a lack of interaction between teachers and students, causing confusion. Thus we need a method that can facilitate the teacher to explain the material by involving students in learning. Thus, researchers use the lecture method plus question and answer as one way to overcome student confusion in online learning. In conducting research, researchers use descriptive qualitative methods that emphasize literature review. Giving the lecture method plus question and answer to overcome student confusion is a form of teacher responsibility to God. Through the provision of this method the teacher can show his dedication to God by being responsible for overcoming students' confusion. The lecture plus question and answer method can overcome student confusion by providing space for students to ask questions or express their confusion in both synchronous and asynchronous learning. Researchers suggest teachers to continue to encourage students not to feel ashamed and afraid to be considered stupid when students express their confusion. The teacher must also give appreciation in the form of applause, words of praise, and so on as a form of motivation to students so that they can express their confusion.Keywords: confusion, responsibility, lecture method plus question and answer
PENGEMBANGAN E-MODUL BERBASIS PMRI PADA MATERI GARIS DAN SUDUT
Authors: Sumandani Arin Meimatul , Saraswati Sari
Published: June 2024

Understanding of mathematical concepts is very important for students, especially in material lines and angles. In the subject of lines and angles, many students have not mastered the concept well, so many students experience difficulties. The purpose of this study is to produce an e-module based on Indonesian Realistic Mathematics Education (PMRI) on line and angle material that is valid, practical, and effective. This study employed the ADDIE model development research procedure which consisting 5 stages: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The product of this research is an e-module based on PMRI on line and angle material. The results showed that the developed e-module achieved the criteria of being valid, practical and effective The results of the development show that the e-module is included in the valid criteria with an average score percentage of 89%, practical with an average score percentage of 97.25% and effective with an average score percentage of 76.31%. The developed e-module is effective in teaching the concept of lines and angles for class VII. Keywords: mathematics, e-module, development, RME.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF E-LEARNING SYSTEM USING GOOGLE DOCS ON STUDENTS’ WRITING SKILLS IN NARRATIVE TEXT
Authors: Yusniar Yusniar , Yauri Andi Muhammad , Nur Hasriati
Published: June 2024

This paper investigates the effectiveness of e-learning system by using Google Docs feature in Google Classroom on students’ writing skills in narrative text. This research aims to finding out whether or not using Google Docs feature in Google Classroom is effective on students’ writing skills in narrative text at the eleventh grade of SMAN 26 Bone. The method of this research was quantitative research with a pre-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design. The sample of this research was selected by using purposive sampling technique. The instrument of this research was collected by using a writing test. In the pre-test, the students were given topic about writing narrative text with the theme of fable. The treatment in this research was given six times. In the post-test, the students were given the same instructions as in the pre-test. The result of analyzing data, the mean score in the pre-test was 55.74 and the mean score in the post-test was 80.65. The t-test showed that the sig. 2 tailed was .000, while the alpha was 0.05. It could be concluded that H1 was accepted and H0 was rejected. It can be stated that the use of Google Docs feature in Google Classroom is effective on students’ writing skills in narrative text  Keywords: e-Learning, Google Classroom, Google Docs, narrative text, writing skills.
Снижение химической нагрузки на агроценоз и экономический эффект от проводимых мероприятий
Authors: Щедрин В. Н. , Бабичев А. Н. , Монастырский В. А. , Ольгаренко В. И. , Гурина И. В. , Бабенко А. А.
Published: June 2024

Любое применение различных видов удобрений влечет за собой накопление их в почве, растениях, животных, питающихся этими растениями, и соответственно в организме человека. Определена возможность снижения химической нагрузки на агроценоз при использовании различных видов органических удобрений и перехода от интенсивного земледелия к экологическому. Исследования проводили в 2019 – 2021 гг. в Ростовской области на растениях основной и сидеральной культур. Определена динамика массы клубней по фазам вегетации картофеля летнего срока посадки сорта Каратоп. Рассчитана экономическая эффективность применения различных видов удобрений как совместно, так и по отдельности, а также рассмотрен вариант, не предусматривающий внесение питательных веществ в почву. Установлена динамика элементов питания в пахотном горизонте по вариантам исследований с учетом различных периодов вегетации культуры и сезонных изменений агроценоза. Применение только органических удобрений ведет к снижению урожайности на 9,5 т/га. При отказе от внесения питательных веществ урожайность составила в среднем 35,3 т/га, что на 17,8 т/га меньше средней урожайности на наиболее продуктивном варианте. Для достижения наибольших показателей урожайности картофеля следует строить систему питания так, чтобы в нее входили и органические, и минеральные удобрения. При таком применнии доходность от проводимых мероприятий более чем в 2 раза превышала затраты на получение продукции, показатель рентабельности составил 204,7 %.
Защита гороха от вредителей в условиях Северо-Кавказского региона
Authors: Иcмаилова М. М. , Астарханов И. Р. , Ашурбекова Т. Н. , Абасова Т. И. , Алибалаев Д. А.
Published: June 2024

Оценена биологическая эффективность инсектицида Гоплит, КС на посевах гороха сорта Рамонский 77 во 2-й почвенно-климатической зоне (Республика Дагестан) против гороховой плодожорки (Laspeyresia nigricana F.) и гороховой зерновки (Bruchus pisorum L.). Исследования проводили в 2022 – 2023 гг. Полученные результаты показали, что препарат в нормах расхода 0,1 и 0,2 л/га обеспечивает защиту посевов от вредителей в течение 14 суток после обработки и не уступает по уровню эффективности эталонному препарату Кунгфу Супер, КС. Биологическая эффективность препарата Гоплит, КС против плодожорки в норме расхода 0,1 л/га составила 89,1 %, 0,2 л/га — 92,7 %, эталонного препарата — 91,5 %; против зерновки — 81,3 и 89,6 % соответственно, эталонного препарата — 85,4 %. Препарат Гоплит, КС можно рекомендовать в качестве инсектицида в борьбе с вредителями в Северо-Кавказском регионе при обработке в период вегетации растений после регистрационных испытаний и включения в государственный каталог пестицидов и агрохимикатов, разрешенных к применению.
Laboratory Information Systems and Staff Performance Optimization as a Method to Improve Laboratory Turnaround Time
Authors: Pasaribu Merci Monica BR , Febrian Rivaldi
Published: June 2024

Turnaround time (TAT) merupakan tolak ukur mutu kinerja laboratorium medik. TAT prokalsitonin tidak mampu mencapai target TAT yang ditetapkan laboratorium. Tujuan: mengkaji tahap keterlambatan TAT, melakukan upaya perbaikan, dan mengevaluasi upaya perbaikan. Metode: Penelitian prospektif ini dilakukan di Laboratorium RS Cipto Mangunkusumo pada tanggal 3 hingga 31 Januari 2022. Untuk mengukur strategi peningkatan TAT dengan tepat, penelitian ini membagi alur kerja prokalsitonin menjadi beberapa checkpoint. Hasil: Tahapan terpanjang adalah dari masuknya spesimen ke Abbott Architect c8000 hingga keluar (50 menit). Tahap terlama kedua terjadi pada alat analisa prokalsitonin (21 menit). Ketiga adalah pemindahan spesimen dari Abbott Architect c8000 ke penganalisis prokalsitonin (18 menit). Keempat, waktu dari keluarnya spesimen dari alat analisa hingga keluarnya hasil (16 menit). Contoh waktu check-in untuk masuk ke Abbott Architect c8000 (14 menit). Upaya perbaikan pun dimulai, terdiri dari optimalisasi kinerja LIS dan analis. Evaluasi menunjukkan TAT prokalsitonin
Rhizoctonia species, anastomosis groups, and pathogenicity isolated from common bean in Lake Van Basin, Turkiye
Authors: Demirer Durak Emre , Erdinç Çeknas , Ekincialp Aytekin
Published: June 2024

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an important vegetable crop grown in Lake Van Basin. Local genotypes are widely grown in the region. Rhizoctonia root rot induced by Rhizoctonia solani Kühn is an important soilborne plant disease that leads to global economic losses as well as in Turkey. The present study was conducted to determine anastomosis groups and pathogenicity of Rhizoctonia spp. obtained from bean plants in Lake Van Basin in 2013 and 2014. A total of 236 Rhizoctonia isolates in 5 anastomosis groups were obtained from bean plant roots. It was observed that AG- 4 (112) was the most isolated group in beans, followed by AG- 2 (41), AG- 3 (28), AG- 5 (33), and binucleate AG- K (22) isolates. Pathogenicity test conducted in thirty isolates in 5 anastomosis groups was analyzed for A64 (Bitlis/ Adilcevaz), TR68557 genotypes, and Gina (cv.) under growth chamber conditions. The study findings demonstrated that all tested isolates could infect the bean plant with different degrees of severity; however, the most virulent group was AG- 4. It was determined that the most virulent isolate was Isolate No. 19 in the A64 genotype, Isolate No. 2 in TR68557, and Isolate No. 18 in Gina cv. in in vivo tests. The identification and pathogenicity determination of Rhizoctonia isolates are the first steps towards an efficient control strategy for bean diseases caused by Rhizoctonia species. In order to obtain quality and productive products in the Van Lake Basin, where intensive bean production is carried out, precautions should be taken by considering the damage caused by Rhizoctonia spp. on plants.
The influence of recall direction on judgments of subjective temporal distance from the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic lockdowns
Authors: Dantzler Connor Drake , Markman Keith
Published: June 2024

Introduction: In a series of 5 studies, Lam and Buehler found that first-year university students felt closer to a target event (the day they learned that they were accepted into university) when they recalled a stream of related events in a backward direction (a reverse-chronological order ending with the target event) than when they recalled those events in a forward direction (a forward-chronological order beginning with the target event).Methods: In a conceptual replication of their Study 2, we asked participants how close they felt to the first day that lockdowns were imposed in response to theCovid-19 pandemic in the U.S. (federally mandated on March 13, 2020) following either backward or forward recall of a stream of related events.Results: The results of the present study ran directly counter to those of Lam and Buehler: participants rated the first day of lockdowns as feeling closer followingforward recall than following backward recall.Discussion: Potential explanations for this reversal of Lam and Buehler’s effect are discussed that focus on the temporal distortions that people have been foundto experience when they think about autobiographical events that occurred at the beginning of the pandemic.
How Will Precipitation Characteristics Associated with Tropical Cyclones in Diverse Synoptic Environments Respond to Climate Change?
Authors: Hollinger Beatty Katherine , Lackmann Gary , Bowden Jared
Published: June 2024

Landfalling tropical cyclones (TCs) can produce large rainfall totals which lead to devastating flooding, loss of life, and significant damage to infrastructure. Here we focus on three North Atlantic TCs that impacted the southeastern United States: Hurricanes Floyd (1999), Matthew (2016), and Florence (2018). While these storms were impactful when they occurred, how might the impacts of similar systems change in a future climate? Many studies have examined future changes in TC precipitation, however few have considered changes owing to differences in the synoptic environment during landfall. We address these questions using a Pseudo-Global Warming (PGW) approach and ensembles of convection-allowing numerical model simulations. With this method, we compare future changes in precipitation characteristics such as accumulated rainfall, and rain rate frequency and distribution to assess how they differ as a function of synoptic environment. Hurricanes Matthew and Floyd, which have more synoptic-scale forcing for ascent while over our study region, exhibit higher average rain rates in the present and future than the more tropical Hurricane Florence, however Florence has the largest increases in rain rates (34±12% versus 23±9% and 21±6% for Hurricanes Matthew and Floyd, respectively). When we consider accumulated precipitation, Hurricanes Matthew and Floyd have larger areal increases in precipitation greater than 250 mm than Florence (17600±800 km2 and 22400±400 km2 versus 9800±500 km2). These results point to the potential for future TCs in synoptically forced environments to have larger spatial footprints of accumulated precipitation but smaller increases in rain rate than non-synoptically forced storms, especially when considering overland precipitation.
Effect of climate variability, crop production, and household food insecurity on malnutrition among women: A mediation analysis from a drought-prone area in Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Gari Taye , Mezgebe Bethlehem , Belayneh Mehretu , Mersha Yonas , Lindtjorn Bernt
Published: June 2024

Malnutrition is viewed as one of climate change's five most considerable adverse health impacts. As many previous studies have shown correlations between climate, food production, and social factors on the nutritional status of women, we hypothesized a causal effect of climate variations on crop production, household food security, and our outcome, the nutritional status of adult women. Using a cohort design, we ensured a temporal relationship between the main exposures preceding the mediator and the outcome. Women living in 904 households from nine randomly selected subsistence farming in rural Kebeles, the lowest administrative unit in the Boricha district, were visited quarterly to collect nutritional status (outcome variable), household food security status (HHFS), and sociodemographic information. Climate data was obtained from the Google Earth Engine. Generalized structural equation modeling (GSEM) was used to measure the association between rainfall, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), a proxy measure for crop production, and women’s nutritional status (BMI) after adjusting for the mediation effect of HHFS. The analysis adjusted the clustering effect of Kebele and household. The study showed that the NDVI and HHFS directly affected women’s body mass index. Furthermore, household heads who attended primary education, total energy expenditure of women, and household wealth were positively associated with women’s BMI. On the other hand, older women and women who were not members of a community-based health insurance household had a lower BMI. Climate variability, crop production, and household food security could be causally linked to women’s nutritional status, suggesting that rural people depending on rain-fed subsidence farming for crop production are vulnerable to the impact of climate variability.
One Belt, Many Roads: Investigating China’s Foreign Investment and Land-use Impacts in Southeast Asia
Authors: Wang Xuewei , Hsu Angel , Johnson Evan , Manya Diego , Cardwell Julia
Published: June 2024

Foreign direct investment (FDI) can reshape landscapes in developing countries, but its impact remains unclear. This study examines how China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) FDI impacts land-cover and land-use change in Southeast Asia, a key trade partner receiving significant Chinese infrastructure investments. Focusing on areas with BRI investments from 2008 to 2018, we utilize satellite data to analyze land-use changes across Southeast Asia (Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Vietnam), particularly urban growth and deforestation. We find that districts that received BRI investment experienced nearly a 5% greater rate of deforestation than the regional average, with a 001% and 0.007% in tree cover associated with a 1% increase in Chinese investment. Districts receiving investments also showed greater increases in cropland and grasslands. While statistical tests indicate the immediate land-cover changes are modest, our findings suggest potential future environmental consequences in Southeast Asia, particularly with ongoing economic development.
Failure to comprehend determinism or failure to measure comprehension? Methodological issues in experimental philosophy of free will
Authors: Cova Florian , Martinez Tristan
Published: June 2024

In the past 20 years, experimental philosophers have been investigating folk intuitions about the compatibility of determinism with free will and moral responsibility using vignettes depicting agents in deterministic universes. However, recent research suggests that participants massively fail to understand these vignettes. Moreover, it has also been proposed that these comprehension errors might even be systematic and thus unavoidable, threatening the project of probing folk intuitions about free will and determinism through vignettes. Through five studies, we suggest that past studies have overestimated participants’ failure to understand vignettes depicting deterministic universes, mainly by relying on unreliable samples and by using non-validated measures. We also show that using new vignettes that take more time to better describe what determinism is substantially reduces comprehension errors and their impact on participants’ intuitions. We conclude that, at least in the current state of the art, skepticism about the possibility to probe folk intuitions about the compatibility of determinism with free will and moral responsibility through the use of vignettes is premature.
Depression is associated with higher sensitivity to social media rewards
Authors: Mirea Dan-Mircea , Mildner Judith N. , Kelley Sean , Gillan Claire , Nook Erik C , Niv Yael
Published: June 2024

The interaction between social media use and mental health is of great public health concern. Studies so far, largely employing self-reported measures of social media use, have produced inconclusive evidence regarding the impact of social media on mental health. Focusing on objective behavioral markers and the psychological mechanisms underlying how users interact with social media platforms could be key to greater insight on this topic. Here we use Twitter data to study how depression modulates a central behavioral process on social media: the response to the social rewards (e.g. likes, shares, views) users receive when they post. Reinforcement learning theory predicts that social media rewards will reinforce posting behavior, such that receiving more likes will lead to posting more frequently and spending more time on the platform. However, laboratory tasks often show blunted reinforcement learning in depression, suggesting a potential attenuation of the effects of social rewards on posting behavior. Across 3 datasets with varied measures of depression and data collection strategies (over 17 million tweets from 7,736 users in total, including a pre-registered replication), we consistently found that depression was associated with a larger reinforcing effect of likes on posting on the next day. In other words, users with depression showed heightened sensitivity to social media rewards, in contrast to findings from laboratory-based tasks. These results identify a psychological mechanism that may link social media use to poor mental health, and underscore the importance of testing the generalizability of in-lab computational psychiatry findings to real-world environments.