bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Variações ecomorfológicas e de uso de habitat em Piabina argentea (Characiformes, Characidae) da bacia do Rio das Velhas, Minas Gerais, Brasil
Authors: Leal Cecília G. , Junqueira Nara T. , Santos Hersília de A. e , Pompeu Paulo S.
Published: November 2013

O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar os padrões local e regional de uso de habitat de Piabina argentea Reinhardt, 1867 em quatro diferentes rios da bacia do rio das Velhas. Os habitat amostrados foram caracterizados quanto à velocidade da água, profundidade e tipo de substrato. Para a análise ecomorfológica, foram calculados 17 atributos ecomorfológicos de 40 exemplares de cada rio. Embora estas populações tenham se sobreposto no espaço ecomorfológico, a Análise Discriminante Canônica mostrou haver diferença significativa entre elas, principalmente da população do rio das Velhas em relação às demais. A separação se deu em termos do índice de compressão, altura relativa do corpo e índice de achatamento ventral. Os padrões locais de seleção de habitat não foram congruentes em todos os rios, mas em geral, houve predomínio do padrão regional: habitat lênticos, profundidade entre 20 e 40 cm e 60 e 80 cm e substrato areia, silte+argila e banco de folhas. Considerando as características físicas de cada rio e o padrão regional da espécie, a maior parte dos seus requerimentos de habitat é contemplada nos quatro rios. Entretanto, um corpo d'água assoreado como o trecho do rio das Velhas, tende a ter maiores velocidades da água, menores profundidades e substrato finos, o que atende em parte à seleção de habitat da espécie estudada.
Descripción de tres especies nuevas del género Drosophila (Diptera, Drosophilidae) en el Ecuador
Authors: Figuero María Luna , Rafael Violeta
Published: November 2013

Se encontraron tres especies nuevas de Drosophila entre los individuos colectados en diferentes localidades del Ecuador. Una de las especies nuevas pertenecen al grupo Drosophila willistoni y otra al grupo Drosophila asiri, la tercera especie se encuentra sin agrupar. En todos los muestreos realizados se usaron trampas fabricadas con botellas de plástico agujereadas con cebo de banano y levadura. Las tres especies son: D. (Sophophora) neocapnoptera sp. nov., esta especie es similar a D. capnoptera Patterson & Mainland, 1944, sin embargo presentan algunas diferencias en el ala que permiten distinguirlas. Drosophila (Drosophila) neoasiri sp. nov., una especie similar a D. asiri Vela & Rafael, 2005, la diferencia más relevante entre las dos especies se observa a nivel del edeago y Drosophila (Drosophila) papallacta sp. nov. que por el momento no se encuentra relacionada a ningún grupo de especies del género Drosophila.
The nymphs of Sigara (Tropocorixa) denseconscripta (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Corixidae)
Authors: Konopko Susana A.
Published: November 2013

The nymphal instars I and III - V of Sigara (Tropocorixa) denseconscripta (Breddin, 1897) are figured and described in detail, for the first time, with emphasis on morphometry and chaetotaxy of selected structures. The useful characters to identify the nymphal instars and the nymphs of the species of Sigara are provided.
The effect of microstructural features on the mechanical properties of LZSA glass-ceramic matrix composites
Authors: Bertan F. M. , Oliveira A. P. Novaes de , Montedo O. R. K. , Hotza D. , Rambo C. R.
Published: November 2013

This work reports on the characterization of ZrSiO4 particulate-reinforced Li2O-ZrO2-SiO2-Al2O3 (LZSA) glass-ceramic matrix composites. The typical physical/mechanical and chemical properties of the glass batches and the composites were measured. A composition with 60 wt.% ZrSiO4 was preliminarily selected because it demonstrated the highest values of bending strength (190 MPa) and deep abrasion resistance (51 mm³). To this same composition was given a 7 wt.% bentonite addition in order to obtain plasticity behavior suitable for extrusion. The sintered samples (1150 ºC for 10 min) presented a thermal linear shrinkage of 14% and bending strength values of 220 MPa.
Incorporação de pó de rocha sedimentar em massas para telhas cerâmicas - parte 1: efeitos nas propriedades físicas e mecânicas
Authors: Vieira C. M. F. , Emiliano J. V.
Published: November 2013

Este trabalho tem por objetivo reformular uma massa típica de telhas de Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, com adições de argilito em pó, rocha sedimentar comum em Itu, SP, e extensivamente utilizada na produção de cerâmica estrutural naquela região. Composições com argila plástica de Campos dos Goytacazes e 30, 40 e 50% em peso de argilito em pó foram preparadas e caracterizadas. As propriedades e características das massas com argilito foram comparadas às de uma massa para telhas da região norte-fluminense. Para a determinação das propriedades físicas e mecânicas foram utilizados corpos de prova preparados por extrusão e queimados nas temperaturas entre 800 e 1050 ºC. As propriedades tecnológicas avaliadas foram: densidade aparente, retração linear após secagem e queima, absorção de água e resistência à flexão. Os resultados demonstram que a utilização de argilito em pó pode melhorar as propriedades das telhas cerâmicas produzidas em Campos dos Goytacazes.
Structural, morphological and optical properties of Mn doped ZnS nanocrystals
Authors: Mote V. D. , Purushotham Y. , Dole B. N.
Published: November 2013

Mn doped ZnS samples with composition formula Zn1-xMn xS where x = 0.00, 0.02, 0.05 and 0.10 were prepared by chemical method. Samples characterized for its structural, morphological and optical properties by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and UV-vis spectrometer. XRD patterns confirm cubic zinc blend structure with no secondary phases for pure and Mn doped ZnS. Lattice constant value increases slightly with Mn concentration due to the substitution of Mn in ZnS lattice. TEM images show that the particles have spherical in shape with an average particle size between 3-4 nm. The chemical species of the grown crystals are identified by FTIR spectra. Optical absorption spectra show decrement in band gap with increasing Mn concentration.
Estudo do crescimento de nanofitas de céria dopada com gadolínio por sistema de aquecimento por micro-ondas
Authors: Gonçalves R. F. , Castro D. A. , Santos M. R. C. , Figueiredo A. T. , Barrado C. M. , Leite E. R. , Godinho Jr. M.
Published: November 2013

O óxido de cério (céria) tem atraído atenção devido às suas importantes aplicações, como em células a combustível de óxido sólido, catalisadores de gases de exaustão de automóveis, catalisadores para a obtenção de hidrogênio, bloqueadores de raios ultravioleta, biomateriais, entre outros. Controlar os métodos de síntese da céria é de grande importância para explicar ou prever essas propriedades. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar o crescimento de nanofitas de óxido de cério em um sistema hidrotérmico assistido por micro-ondas, no qual 8 min foram obtidas nanofitas com comprimentos próximos a 330 nm, em 130 ºC e pressão de 3 atm. Os resultados colaboram para pesquisas em reformadores para obtenção de etanol e/ou anodos de células combustíveis de óxido sólido.
Síntese de zeólitas utilizando resíduo sílico-aluminoso proveniente do processo de extração de lítio
Authors: Bieseki L. , Ribeiro D. B. , Sobrinho E. V. , Melo D. M. A. , Pergher S. B. C.
Published: November 2013

Utilizou-se um resíduo sílico-aluminoso como fonte de SiO2 e Al2O3 para síntese de zeólitas. O resíduo é um subproduto do processo de extração de lítio do β-espodumênio. Os produtos sintetizados caracterizaram-se por uma mistura de fases zeolíticas e compostos presentes no resíduo, que não foram solubilizados. Quando a relação Si/Al foi ajustada para 1, foi formada uma mistura de fases zeólita A + sodalita e zeólita NaP + sodalita. A mistura de fases zeólita A + sodalita foi obtida deixando o resíduo sílico-aluminoso em agitação por 2 h a 80 ºC, antes da adição de aluminato de sódio e posterior cristalização por 4 h. Quando a mistura resíduo e NaOH ficou em estático a 100 ºC por 4 h, nesta mesma etapa, o produto formado foi uma mistura de sodalita + zeólita NaP. O aumento da razão Si/Al para 3,2, uma etapa de envelhecimento e maiores tempos de cristalização, levou a formação de uma mistura de fases NaP1 e quartzo pertencente ao resíduo.
Preparação e caracterização de membranas cerâmicas tubulares de mulita
Authors: Silva F. A. , Lira H. L. , Chaves A. C. , Neves G. A. , França K. B.
Published: November 2013

Os produtos cerâmicos são extremamente interessantes no campo das membranas por causa de sua resistência mecânica, inércia química, tempo de vida útil longa e estabilidade térmica. Atualmente as pesquisas estão sendo direcionadas para exploração destes materiais de baixo custo. Este trabalho consiste na preparação de membranas tubulares, obtidas a partir de composição contendo argila, caulim e óxido de alumínio, conformadas pelo processo de extrusão, utilizando diferentes temperaturas na etapa de sinterização para uso em microfiltração. Foi feita caracterização nas massas cerâmicas antes da sinterização, através dos ensaios de análise granulométrica, análise termogravimétrica, análise química e difração de raios X. A análise química mostrou altos teores de SiO2 e de Al2O3 e o ensaio de difração de raios X mostrou a presença de caulinita, quartzo e óxido de alumínio. Foi realizado ensaio de difração de raios X na massa após as sinterizações e os resultados mostraram a presença de mulita, óxido de alumínio e quartzo em todas as sinterizações efetuadas. Com relação ao tamanho e a distribuição destes poros nas membranas, os resultados da micrografia e de porosimetria por intrusão de mercúrio ilustraram a presença de poros em todas as temperaturas de sinterização, com dimensões na faixa de microfiltração. O ensaio de fluxo com escoamento tangencial utilizando água destilada mostrou que a membrana sinterizada a 1300 ºC obteve o maior valor, seguida da de 1250, 1200 e 1150 ºC.
Doenças crônicas, capacidade funcional, envolvimento social e satisfação em idosos comunitários: Estudo Fibra
Authors: Pinto Juliana Martins , Neri Anita Liberalesso
Published: November 2013

O objetivo deste artigo é descrever variações em medidas de doenças crônicas, capacidade funcional, envolvimento social e satisfação com relação à memória, capacidade de resolver problemas, relações sociais, ambiente, serviços de saúde e transportes, conforme gênero, idade e renda familiar, e analisar correlações entre envolvimento social e capacidade funcional, conforme gênero e idade, em idosos independentes, com 65 anos e mais, recrutados na comunidade. Foram submetidos 2.472 idosos sem déficit cognitivo, integrantes de amostras probabilísticas de sete localidades brasileiras a medidas de autorrelato sobre todas as variáveis, com exceção de força de preensão palmar e velocidade da marcha, avaliadas por testes objetivos. A idade média foi 72,2 ± 5,5 anos e a renda 3,9 ± 4,9 SM; 65,7% eram mulheres, que apresentaram mais doenças, pior desempenho funcional e maior envolvimento social do que os homens. Os de 80 anos ou mais e os mais pobres tiveram pior desempenho funcional e menor envolvimento social. Houve correlação entre capacidade funcional e envolvimento social. Renda relacionou-se com satisfação com memória, solução de problemas, serviços de saúde e transportes. Saúde e satisfação interagem na velhice, influenciando padrões de atividade e de envolvimento social.
Domínios da qualidade de vida associados à percepção de saúde: um estudo com idosas de um programa de atividade física em bairros de baixa renda de Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil
Authors: Vagetti Gislaine Cristina , Moreira Natalia Boneti , Barbosa Filho Valter Cordeiro , Oliveira Valdomiro de , Cancian Camila Ferreira , Mazzardo Oldemar , Campos Wagner de
Published: November 2013

O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar quais domínios da qualidade de vida (QV; Físico, Psicológico, Relações Sociais e Meio Ambiente) estão associados à percepção de saúde de idosas em bairros de baixa renda de Curitiba, Paraná. A amostra foi composta por 450 idosas participantes do programa Idoso em Movimento dos bairros: Boqueirão, Pinheirinho e Bairro Novo. A questão "De modo geral você diria que sua saúde é?" foi utilizada para avaliar a percepção de saúde das idosas, e o questionário Whoqol-Bref foi utilizado para identificar os domínios da QV. Para análise dos dados foram utilizados a estatística descritiva, o teste U de Mann-Whitney, a correlação de Spearman e a regressão logística binária. Todos os domínios estiveram significativamente associados com a percepção de saúde (p < 0,05). Contudo, após ajuste para variáveis de confusão, os domínios Físico e Meio Ambiente apresentaram as associações de maior magnitude, ou seja, idosas com percepção negativa desses domínios tiveram cerca de duas vezes mais chances de ter uma percepção de saúde negativa. Em conclusão, programas que visam à promoção de saúde e QV em idosas de baixa renda devem nortear suas ações nos aspectos físicos e ambientais da qualidade de vida.
Fatores socioambientais associados à ocorrência de quedas em idosos
Authors: Pereira Gustavo Nunes , Morsch Patricia , Lopes Diene Gomes Colvara , Trevisan Margarete Diprat , Ribeiro André , Navarro Joel Hirtz do Nascimento , Bós Denielli da Silva Gonçalves , Vianna Miriam Souza dos Santos , Bós Ângelo José Gonçalves
Published: November 2013

O objetivo deste artigo é investigar aspectos socioambientais associados às quedas em idosos residentes no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Estudo descritivo, transversal, populacional, de base domiciliar, com coleta de dados primários, pertencente a um inquérito epidemiológico realizado no período de 2010 a 2011, com 6751 idosos de 59 cidades do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, denominado Perfil dos Idosos do RS. A associação entre o desfecho quedas e as variáveis independentes foram analisadas de forma univariada e múltipla, através de regressão logística, calculando desta forma a chance associada à queda, ajustando por sexo e idade. A frequência de quedas foi de 10,7%. Observamos serem fatores protetores: sexo masculino, maior escolaridade, percepção de insegurança e falta de bancos em locais públicos, participação em atividades sociais e cívicas. Foram considerados fatores de risco: faixa etária mais elevada, uso de órtese e participação em atividades comunitárias. Os resultados mantiveram-se significativos nas análises ajustadas. As quedas são comumente associadas a aspectos físicos e comportamentais, no entanto, as variáveis socioambientais também demonstram ser significativas nesse processo.
Políticas públicas para pessoas idosas no Brasil: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Andrade Luana Machado , Sena Edite Lago da Silva , Pinheiro Gleide Magali Lemos , Meira Edmeia Campos , Lira Lais Santana Santos Pereira
Published: November 2013

Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa que objetiva analisar o que versam as produções científicas e os documentos legais sobre as políticas públicas para as pessoas idosas no Brasil. Realizou-se uma busca nas bases de dados da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde e do Scopus, considerando publicações a partir de 2003. Os dados foram coletados no período de junho a setembro de 2011 utilizando os seguintes descritores: idosos (elderly), "políticas públicas" ("public policy"), "pessoa idosa" ("elderly person"), envelhecimento (aging) e "participação cidadã" ("citizen participation"). A busca resultou na seleção de 15 artigos e seis documentos legais direcionados à pessoa idosa no Brasil que foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo por categorização. Os resultados demonstraram que o envelhecimento no Brasil tem ocorrido em meio a adaptações arraigadas de preconceitos culturais, discrepâncias socioeconômicas e educacionais e a implementação de políticas públicas assistencialistas. Poucos foram os trabalhos que indicaram a importância do fortalecimento de movimentos sociais que estimulam discussões relacionadas aos idosos em nosso país. Concluí-se que o estudo fornecerá subsídios para reflexões acerca da construção de uma nova realidade sobre o envelhecimento no Brasil.
"Criança não pode esperar": a busca de serviço de urgência e emergência por mães e suas crianças em condições não urgentes
Authors: Rati Rose Meire Silva , Goulart Lúcia Maria Horta de Figueiredo , Alvim Cristina Gonçalves , Mota Joaquim Antônio César
Published: November 2013

O objetivo deste artigo é compreender os motivos para a busca do atendimento de urgência e emergência pelas mães, para crianças em condições não urgentes, em hospital público em Belo Horizonte. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa com a utilização de entrevista semiestruturada como instrumento de coleta de dados. Foram entrevistadas 27 mães de crianças classificadas como pouco ou não urgentes. Foi realizada análise de conteúdo. Febre e problemas respiratórios foram as principais queixas. Mesmo não se tratando de urgência, as mães procuram o serviço pela sua resolutividade, qualidade, especificidade para atendimento de crianças, facilidade de acesso, experiências, recomendações de terceiros, entre outros. Os depoimentos evidenciaram o descompasso entre o sentir dessas mães e a racionalidade da organização do serviço. Este trabalho aponta questões que poderão servir de subsídios para reflexão sobre a organização dos serviços centrada no usuário, sujeito e fim do processo assistencial.
Identificação de prioridades em saúde: uma alternativa técnica de apoio à tomada de decisão
Authors: Battesini Marcelo , Fischmann Airton , Weise Andreas Dittmar
Published: November 2013

O objetivo deste estudo é propor e discutir a aplicação de um Índice de Priorização em Saúde (IP Saúde). O IP Saúde é um critério objetivo que evidencia a magnitude de problemas e determinantes de saúde em situações de planejamento. O IP Saúde foi utilizado na identificação de prioridades de saúde nas diferentes nas regiões de administrativas do Rio Grande do Sul (RS), durante o desenvolvimento do Plano Estadual de Saúde 2009-2011. O cálculo do IP Saúde permitiu expressar os indicadores analisados em um mesmo intervalo (0 a 1) utilizado na identificação de prioridades regionais (insuficiente, 0 a 0,4; médio, 0,41 e 0,69; e adequado, 0,7 a 1). A aplicação do Índice auxiliou na identificação da magnitude relacional de problemas de saúde com base em uma referência interna aos territórios analisados. O emprego do índice representou uma opção técnica na identificação de prioridades que proporcionou uma simplificação na linguagem utilizada para expressar problemas e determinantes de saúde. Sua capacidade discricionária e a singeleza intuitiva de sua leitura demonstraram que o IP Saúde é uma ferramenta promissora, ao proporcionar respostas objetivas a questões frequentemente postas em contextos de planejamento em saúde.
Social capital and under-utilization of medication for financial reasons among elderly women: evidence from two Brazilian health surveys
Authors: Luz Tatiana Chama Borges , Loyola Filho Antônio Ignácio de , Lima-Costa Maria Fernanda
Published: November 2013

This cross-sectional study assesses the prevalence and examines the role of social and demographic factors, health conditions, health system characteristics and contextual factors of under-utilization of medication for financial reasons among elderly women. Participants in the Greater Metropolitan Belo Horizonte Health Survey (GMBH) and the eleventh phase of the Bambuí Cohort Study of the Elderly were assessed. Among elderly women in the GMBH, the prevalence of under-utilization was 11.4%, and in Bambuí, the rate was 5.4%. Self-perception of health (OR, 3.46; 95%CI, 1.32_9.10); daily life limitations (OR, 2.75; 95% CI, 1.31-5.78) and perception of help (OR, 2.36; 95% CI, 1.07-5.25) had independent associations with under-utilization among GMBH residents. A poor perception of both cohesion in the neighborhood (OR, 2.38; 95% CI, 1.02-5.56) and the physical environment (OR, 2.58; 95% CI, 1.10-6.03) significantly increased the likelihood of under-utilization among Bambuí residents. These results provide important clues to identifying possible risk factors for under-utilization, highlighting the need to develop strategies targeting the amplification of the involvement between elderly women and their community to reduce the extent of under-utilization in later life.
Ozone disinfection: main parameters for process design in wastewater treatment and reuse
Authors: Lazarova Valentina , Liechti Pierre-André , Savoye Philippe , Hausler Robert
Published: November 2013

Wastewater disinfection by ozone was investigated at pilot and full scale on different wastewater effluents and two types of ozone reactors. It was demonstrated that water quality and, in particular, suspended solids and organic content strongly influence the required ozone dose for a given level of disinfection. The increase in contact time and residual ozone concentration did not improve the log removal of viruses and bacteria. However, the ‘Ct’ approach, commonly applied in drinking water treatment can be used for wastewater ozonation, if a sufficient ozone dose can be transferred to the effluent resulting in an ozone residual which can be measured. These considerations should be taken into account for the improved design of ozonation facilities. It should be underlined that short contact times are only possible if fast balanced distribution of the ozone dose is achieved as rapidly as possible, in order to satisfy fast chemical reactions (colloidal matter destabilisation, zeta potential, etc.) and enable a uniform distributed ozone residual for the slower reactions (disinfection, oxidation of micropollutants, etc.).
Wastewater reuse for irrigation and seawater intrusion: evaluation of salinity effects on soils in Cyprus
Authors: Kathijotes Nicholas , Panayiotou Charalambos
Published: November 2013

Climate change and the continuous population growth increase the demand for water, which in arid and semiarid regions, like the Mediterranean, is considered a limited resource. Future demands will not be met by traditional water resources like surface and groundwater. In order to handle increased water demand, the treated wastewater originating from municipal wastewater treatment plants is offered to farmers for agricultural irrigation. Over pumping of fresh groundwater creates seawater intrusion that causes various problems, besides others, to the quality of recycled water used for agricultural purposes. The effects on soils irrigated with saline water are investigated. Actual investigations were carried out in land irrigated with salinity-affected wastewater and non-irrigated land nearby. Soil profile analyses are demonstrated and compared, showing very interesting results and adverse effects on soil resources. Irrigation with saline waters even at slightly above recommended values can have severe effects on soil resources. Various remediation scenarios for preventing seawater intrusion, as well for mitigation or control of soil salinity problems, are also suggested in this study. This case study was carried in the Larnaca district in Cyprus.
Defluoridation and deironing of ground water using polystyrene beads
Authors: Madhukar M. , Lavanya R. S. , Amrutha M. B.
Published: November 2013

Ground water accounts for nearly 80% of the rural domestic water needs, and 50% of the urban water needs in India. Ground water gets contaminated because of anthropogenic activities. The incidence of fluoride and iron above permissible levels of 1.5 and 1 mg/L respectively occur in 14 Indian states. Various conventional methods are applied for removal of fluoride and iron but, in recent days owing to increasing eco-friendly alternatives like synthetic polymer resins are being considered. The study was focused on using polystyrene (PS) beads packed media for defluoridation and deironing of water. The removal efficiency of fluoride and iron by polystyrene beads (diameter 1.5, 4 and 8 mm) were determined for 1, 2, 3 and 4 L/min flow rates. For maximum flow rate 8 mm PS beads were efficient in reducing fluoride and iron by 94 and 90% respectively. Polystyrene beads proved to be efficient in removal of fluoride and iron.
Screening of coagulant proteins from plant material in southern India
Authors: Bodlund I. , Sabarigrisan K. , Chelliah R. , Sankaran K. , Rajarao G. K.
Published: November 2013

Access to fresh water is limited due to the growing population and to provide safe drinking water is a global challenge. In this initial study, about a hundred different samples were screened for coagulation activity. Amongst the plants tested were fruits and vegetable pulps, leaves and seeds (like jackfruit, tamarind, papaya, orange, watermelon, pineapple, cucumber, green gram, peas, black gram, cluster bean rice, maize, chili, cabbage, mustard, cauliflower, beetroot and carrot). The crude extracts were prepared in water and salt solution in order to extract the coagulant protein and compare the coagulation activity. Among the tested samples, only a few seed extracts showed coagulation activity. The seed extracts of mustard and cabbage showed coagulation activity in both water and salt extracts and were comparable to that of Moringa seed extract. The salt extracts showed higher activity compared to that of water extract in most of the samples tested. The coagulation activity was stable after incubation at 95 °C for 5 hours implying heat resistance. A protein profile analysis showed major protein bands with a molecular weight around 6.5 and 9 kDa. In this preliminary study, mustard and cabbage seed extracts were promising in terms of coagulation and heat resistance, so could be an alternative to Moringa seed for water treatment and should be investigated further.
Heterogeneity of water quality in Huai River, China by using bio-monitoring data
Authors: Zhao C. S. , Liu C. M. , Sun Y. , Yang G. , Mitrovic S. M. , Wang H.
Published: November 2013

A new approach by combining bioindicators (BiI) and biotic indices (BIs) for evaluating water quality is presented in this paper. It is then applied to the Huai River Basin (HRB), China, which is well-known globally for its heavy anthropogenic influences. Results indicate that the spatial distribution of BI-indicated water quality has roughly the same pattern as that shown by BiI, but the pollution level using BI was, on average, greater than that by BiI; the northern plain area has a degraded water quality (ranging from ‘α-mesosaprobic’ to ‘α-polysaprobic’ in a wet season) while the southern mountain area and the southern part of the East Line of the South–North Water Transfer Project has a better water quality (‘β-mesosaprobic’). Water quality is worse in the dry season than in the wet season. We concluded that zoobenthos and zooplankton are more reliable indicators of water quality; biological indices are more sensitive to water quality but less reliable than BiI. These results will be of use in the ecological restoration of the Huai River and benefit water resource management in HRB in the future.
New Diarylheptanoid from Garuga pinnata Roxb
Authors: Khatun Mst Taslima , Siddiqi M. Mahboob Ali , MA Al-Mansur , Sohrab MH , Rahman AFM Mustafizur , Hasan Choudhury M , Chowdhury AM Sarwaruddin
Published: November 2013

9´-Desmethylgaruganin I has been isolated from the dichloromethane extract of the stem bark of Garuga pinnata Roxb. The crude extract was screened for antimicrobial activity against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and fungi by disc diffusion method and cytotoxicity by brine shrimp lethality bioassay. The dichloromethane extract showed moderate inhibitory activity to microbial growth and weak cytotoxicity having LC90 25.703?g-mL1 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujs.v61i2.17058 Dhaka Univ. J. Sci. 61(2): 131-134, 2013 (July)
A One Pot Synthesis of 5, 7-diaryl-1,5-dihydro (or 1, 2, 3, 5-tetrahydro)- pyrano[2, 3-D] pyrimidin-2, 4-diones (or 2-thioxo-4-ones)
Authors: Rahman M Mahbubur , Ahmed S Mosaddeq , Siddiki SMA Hakim , Halim Md Ershad , Akhter Kawsari , Ahmed M Giasuddin , Romman UKR
Published: November 2013

A number of 5, 7-diaryl-1,5-dihydro (or 1, 2, 3, 5-tetrahydro)- pyrano[2, 3-d] pyrimidin-2, 4-diones (or 2-thioxo-4-ones) (3a-f) have been synthesized in one-step by cyclocondensation of barbituric acid or thiobarbituric acid (1) with arylideneacetophenones (2a-c), in glacial acetic acid in the presence of phosphorous pentoxide. The structures of the compounds 3a-f have been determined by UV, IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, mass spectral data and elemental analyses. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujs.v61i2.17065 Dhaka Univ. J. Sci. 61(2): 167-171, 2013 (July)
Additive Algorithm for Solving 0-1 Integer Linear Fractional Programming Problem
Authors: Arefin Md Rajib , Hossain Touhid , Islam Md Ainul
Published: November 2013

In this paper, we present additive algorithm for solving a class of 0-1 integer linear fractional programming problems (0-1 ILFP) where all the coefficients at the numerator of the objective function are of same sign. The process is analogous to the process of solving 0-1 integer linear programming (0-1 ILP) problem but the condition of fathoming the partial feasible solution is different from that of 0-1 ILP. The procedure has been illustrated by two examples. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujs.v61i2.17066 Dhaka Univ. J. Sci. 61(2): 173-178, 2013 (July)
Distribution of Arsenic with Iron, Manganese and Copper in Borehole Sediments of the River Tista and Jamuna
Authors: Rahman Mohammad Arifur , Alam Md Jahangir , Siddique Nur-E-Alam , Alam AM Shafiqul
Published: November 2013

Boreholes sediments (1-6 m depth) of the river Tista and Jamuna in Bangladesh were collected for the analysis of As, Fe, Mn, Cu and organic carbon. Chemical analysis reveals that Mn and Fe hydroxides and organic matter are the major leachable solids which carrying As. High levels of arsenic concentration in aquifers are associated with fine grained sediments at the lower depth of the sediment layer. The highest As containing sediment was gray and texture of sediment was clay type. The colour of the least As containing sediment was white and texture of sediment was sandy. In addition, this study indicate that As is closely associated with Fe and slightly correlated with Mn and Cu in the sediment of the river Tista and Jamuna. Arsenic was distributed regularly DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujs.v61i2.17072 Dhaka Univ. J. Sci. 61(2): 207-210, 2013 (July)
Organochlorine Pesticides in Three Fish Samples
Authors: Zamir Rausan , Hossain Mosharof , Shoeb Mohammad , Mosihuzzaman Mohammed , Nahar Nilufar
Published: November 2013

Abstract not available DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujs.v61i2.17075 Dhaka Univ. J. Sci. 61(2): 215-216, 2013 (July)
Regulatory B-Cells in Transplantation
Authors: San Segundo David , López-Hoyos Marcos , Arias Manuel
Published: November 2013

B-cells have been long accepted as the main cellular component in humoral responses. Their effector function is based on antibody and cytokine production. The development of donor-specific antibodies by B-cells has deleterious consequences in graft and patients survival. Recently, a new subset of IL-10-secreting B-cells with regulatory capacity in allergic and autoimmune diseases has been shown. Such regulatory function changes the apprehension of B-cells as effector cells and increases the complexity to the immuno-regulatory networks. New therapies targeting B-cells should consider that depleting B-cells potentially impairs regulatory B-cells (Bregs) and that modulating or favoring the maintenance and function of Bregs would be important for the achievement of humoral tolerance. Unfortunately, few direct pieces of evidence of Breg involvement in allograft tolerance models has been described. Here, we summarize the current knowledge of the role of Bregs in transplantation.
New Insights into Functional Roles of the Polypyrimidine Tract-Binding Protein
Authors: Romanelli Maria , Diani Erica , Lievens Patricia
Published: November 2013

Polypyrimidine Tract Binding Protein (PTB) is an intensely studied RNA binding protein involved in several post-transcriptional regulatory events of gene expression. Initially described as a pre-mRNA splicing regulator, PTB is now widely accepted as a multifunctional protein shuttling between nucleus and cytoplasm. Accordingly, PTB can interact with selected RNA targets, structural elements and proteins. There is increasing evidence that PTB and its paralog PTBP2 play a major role as repressors of alternatively spliced exons, whose transcription is tissue-regulated. In addition to alternative splicing, PTB is involved in almost all steps of mRNA metabolism, including polyadenylation, mRNA stability and initiation of protein translation. Furthermore, it is well established that PTB recruitment in internal ribosome entry site (IRES) activates the translation of picornaviral and cellular proteins. Detailed studies of the structural properties of PTB have contributed to our understanding of the mechanism of RNA binding by RNA Recognition Motif (RRM) domains. In the present review, we will describe the structural properties of PTB, its paralogs and co-factors, the role in post-transcriptional regulation and actions in cell differentiation and pathogenesis. Defining the multifunctional roles of PTB will contribute to the understanding of key regulatory events in gene expression.
Integrating Dendrochronology, Climate and Satellite Remote Sensing to Better Understand Savanna Landscape Dynamics in the Okavango Delta, Botswana
Authors: Southworth Jane , Rigg Lesley , Gibbes Cerian , Waylen Peter , Zhu Likai , McCarragher Shannon , Cassidy Lin
Published: November 2013

This research examines the integration and potential uses of linkages between climate dynamics, savanna vegetation and landscape level processes within a highly vulnerable region, both in terms of climate variability and social systems. We explore the combined applications of two time-series methodologies: (1) climate signals detected in tree ring growth, from published literature, chronologies from the International Tree-Ring Data Bank, and minimal preliminary field data; and (2) new primary production (NPP) data of vegetation cover over time derived from remotely sensed analyses. Both time-series are related to the regional patterns of precipitation, the principle driver of plant growth in the area. The approach is temporally and spatially multiscalar and examines the relationships between vegetation cover, type and amount, and precipitation shifts. We review literature linking dendrochronology, climate, and remotely sensed imagery, and, in addition, provide unique preliminary analyses from a dry study site located on the outer limit of the Okavango Delta. The work demonstrates integration across the different data sources, to provide a more holistic view of landscape level processes occurring in the last 30-50 years. These results corroborate the water-limited nature of the region and the dominance of precipitation in controlling vegetation growth. We present this integrative analysis of vegetation and climate change, as a prospective approach to facilitate the development of long-term climate/vegetation change records across multiple scales.
Synthesis, Molecular Structure and Cytotoxicity of Molecular Materials Based on Water Soluble Half-Sandwich Rh(III) and Ir(III) Tetranuclear Metalla-Cycles
Authors: Gupta Gajendra , Murray Benjamin , Dyson Paul , Therrien Bruno
Published: November 2013

The neutral dinuclear complexes [(η5-C5Me5)2Rh2(μ-dhnq)Cl2] (1) and [(η5-C5Me5)2Ir2(μ-dhnq)Cl2] (2) (dhnqH2 = 5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone) were obtained from the reaction of [(η5-C5Me5)M(μ-Cl)Cl]2 (M = Rh, Ir) with dhnqH2 in the presence of CH3COONa. Treatment of 1 or 2 in methanol with linear ditopic ligands L (L = pyrazine, 4,4′-bipyridine or 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethylene), in the presence of AgCF3SO3, affords the corresponding tetranuclear metalla-rectangles [(η5-C5Me5)4M4(μ-dhnq)2(μ-L)2]4+ (L = pyrazine, M = Rh, 3; M = Ir, 4; L = 4,4′-bipyridine, M = Rh, 5; M = Ir, 6; L = 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethylene, M = Rh, 7; M = Ir, 8). All complexes were isolated as their triflate salts and were fully characterized by infrared, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, and some representative complexes by single-crystal X-ray structure analysis. The X-ray structures of 3, 5 and 6 confirm the formation of the tetranuclear metalla-cycles, and suggest that complexes 5 and 6 possess a cavity of sufficient size to encapsulate small guest molecules. In addition, the antiproliferative activity of the metalla-cycles 3–8 was evaluated against the human ovarian A2780 (cisplatin sensitive) and A2780cisR (cisplatin resistant) cancer cell lines and on non-tumorigenic human embryonic kidney HEK293 cells. All cationic tetranuclear metalla-rectangles were found to be highly cytotoxic, with IC50 values in the low micromolar range.
Oats in the Diet of Children with Celiac Disease: Preliminary Results of a Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Multicenter Italian Study
Authors: Gatti Simona , Caporelli Nicole , Galeazzi Tiziana , Francavilla Ruggiero , Barbato Maria , Roggero Paola , Malamisura Basilio , Iacono Giuseppe , Budelli Andrea , Gesuita Rosaria , Catassi Carlo , Lionetti Elena
Published: November 2013

A gluten-free diet (GFD) is currently the only available treatment for patients with celiac disease (CD). Several clinical trials have demonstrated that most celiac patients can tolerate a medium-high quantity of oats without any negative clinical effects; however, the inclusion of oats in GFD is still a matter of debate. In this study, Italian children with CD were enrolled in a 15-month, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter trial. Participants were randomized in two groups following either A-B treatment (6 months of diet “A”, 3 months of standard GFD, 6 months of diet “B”), or B-A treatment (6 months of diet “B”, 3 months of standard GFD, 6 months of diet “A”). A and B diets included gluten-free (GF) products (flour, pasta, biscuits, cakes and crisp toasts) with either purified oats or placebo. Clinical data (Gastrointestinal Symptoms Rate Scale [GSRS] score) and intestinal permeability tests (IPT), were measured through the study period. Although the study is still blinded, no significant differences were found in GSRS score or the urinary lactulose/mannitol (L/M) ratio between the two groups after 6 months of treatment. These preliminary results suggest that the addition of non-contaminated oats from selected varieties in the treatment of children with CD does not determine changes in intestinal permeability and gastrointestinal symptoms.
L'histoire des sensibilités et l'Amérique latine : une autre manière d'écrire l'histoire au Venezuela... et ailleurs
Authors: Langue Frédérique
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACT - To register into a new historiographical tendency often implies that previous definitions have to be questioned. Such is the case for the history of sensibilities, with its double trend of sensorial anthropology and attention given to the «reception of the event», in terms of affects, emotions and passions released in certain cases and experimented at different levels. So much so, since this new way of writing history, by giving a real status to forgotten protagonists in history and specially, in official history, doesn't bring about a breaking of with social history, and more specifically with precursory genders such as the history of mentalities or, more recendy, the history of representations. This essay proves that the Latin American example and the liveliness of this new way of writing history testify in a very convincing way the emergence of this phenomenon.
Pequeños desprecios, insultos y desafíos: la sensibilidad fin de siècle de la élite argentina
Authors: Gayol Sandra
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACT - This article proposes an approach to the subject of the imaginative representations of violence in Latin America and puts forward for consideration a possible «reading» of hidden codes, which we must face through this social experience.
Are “Parole Failures” Parolees When They Fail? Incorporating Supervision Terms and the Timing of Arrest Events into Parolee Recidivism Rates
Authors: Ostermann Michael , Miller Joel , Matejkowski Jason
Published: November 2013

Many studies have found that parolees experience high rates of recidivism after they are released to their communities. However, it is not clear whether these failures occur during the course of supervision or after the completion of the parole term. This study uses data from prison releases in a large Northeastern state from 2005 to 2007 ( n = 28,869) and a three-year follow-up period to describe the timing of rearrest events as they relate to the term of active parole supervision. The findings indicate that about 63% of unconditional releases and 54% of parolees are rearrested within three years of their release. But approximately 55% of arrested parolees were rearrested after the completion of their supervision term. Parolees who were rearrested after parole completion differed significantly from those who were rearrested during the course of their supervision on several pertinent predictors of recidivism, including age, gender, ethnicity, instant offense type, and criminal history. Cox regression models indicate that when only arrests for parolees during the course of their supervision are considered, the impact of parole is associated with an approximate 22 percentage point decrease in the hazard rate when compared to a method that includes arrests that occur after the culmination of the supervision term. Our discussion presents the implications of different definitions of parolee failure for measuring recidivism rates as well as for criminal justice policy.
Deux Eitingon
Authors: Reshetnikov Mikhail , Reynier Gérard
Published: November 2013

L’auteur, psychanalyste et historien, directeur de l’Institut Est Européen de psychanalyse, revisite dans cet article des faits historiques qui étaient auparavant soit inconnus, soit déconnectés entre eux, au sujet de Max Eitingon, l’un des plus proches disciples de Freud. L’auteur démontre l’existence d’un rapprochement entre ce dernier et l’un de ses parents éloignés, un officier en chef des Services Secrets, Nahum Eitingon, général du KGB. Il montre leur rôle possible dans l’extermination des leaders de l’Armée Blanche, dans l’obtention d’informations secrètes et dans un projet soviétique secret de bombe atomique mené par l’académicien Yuli Khariton.
Sócrates: viejas y nuevas interpretaciones
Authors: Rodríguez Adrados Francisco
Published: November 2013

El autor, que comenzó a publicar sobre Sócrates hace ya muchos años, como discípulo de D. Antonio Tovar le dedica hoy este trabajo, reflexionando sobre lo mucho que desde entonces se ha escrito y pensado. Sócrates no tuvo una doctrina, sólo buscaba apoyo racional a la creencia tradicional en virtudes fijas. Pero intentaba crear a partir de aquí una nueva idea de la divinidad, que culminó en Platón. Y se apoyaba también en la antigua Literatura oral y sapiencial.
Impacts of aerosols on the chemistry of atmospheric trace gases: a case study of peroxides and HO2 radicals
Authors: Liang H. , Chen Z. M. , Huang D. , Zhao Y. , Li Z. Y.
Published: November 2013

Abstract. Field measurements of atmospheric peroxides were obtained during the summer on two consecutive years over urban Beijing, which highlighted the impacts of aerosols on the chemistry of peroxide compounds and hydroperoxyl radicals (HO2). The major peroxides were determined to be hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), methyl hydroperoxide (MHP), and peroxyacetic acid (PAA). A negative correlation was found between H2O2 and PAA in rainwater, providing evidence for a conversion between H2O2 and PAA in the aqueous phase. A standard gas phase chemistry model based on the NCAR Master Mechanism provided a good reproduction of the observed H2O2 profile on non-haze days but greatly overpredicted the H2O2 level on haze days. We attribute this overprediction to the reactive uptake of HO2 by the aerosols, since there was greatly enhanced aerosol loading and aerosol liquid water content on haze days. The discrepancy between the observed and modeled H2O2 can be diminished by adding to the model a newly proposed transition metal ion catalytic mechanism of HO2 in aqueous aerosols. This confirms the importance of the aerosol uptake of HO2 and the subsequent aqueous phase reactions in the reduction of H2O2. The closure of HO2 and H2O2 between the gas and aerosol phases suggests that the aerosols do not have a net reactive uptake of H2O2, because the conversion of HO2 to H2O2 on aerosols compensates for the H2O2 loss. Laboratory studies for the aerosol uptake of H2O2 in the presence of HO2 are urgently required to better understand the aerosol uptake of H2O2 in the real atmosphere.
Critical evaluation of cloud contamination in the MISR aerosol products using MODIS cloud masking products
Authors: Shi Y. , Zhang J. , Reid J. S. , Liu B. , Hyer E. J.
Published: November 2013

Abstract. For the first time, using the Terra Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)-based cloud screening methods, we have evaluated the impacts of cloud contamination on the Terra Multi-angle Imaging Spectroradiometer (MISR) aerosol optical depth (AOD) product. Our study, based on one year of collocated MISR and MODIS data, suggests that cloud contamination exists in both over-water and over-land MISR AOD data with heavier cloud contamination occurring over the high latitude Southern hemispheric oceans. On average globally, our study shows that thin cirrus cloud contamination introduces a possible ~0.01 high bias for the over-water MISR AOD retrievals. Over the mid to high latitude oceans and Southeast Asia, this number increases to 0.015–0.02. However, biases much larger than this mean value are found in individual retrievals. This study suggests that cloud-clearing methods using observations from MISR alone, which has only visible and near infrared channels, may not be sufficient. Measurements from MODIS can be applied to assist cloud-clearing of the MISR aerosol retrievals. Cloud screening algorithms based on multi-sensor approaches are feasible and should be considered for current and future satellite aerosol studies.
Inter-annual variation of chlorophyll in the northern South China Sea observed at the SEATS Station and its asymmetric responses to climate oscillation
Authors: Liu K.-K. , Wang L.-W. , Dai M. , Tseng C.-M. , Yang Y. , Sui C.-H. , Oey L. , Tseng K.-Y. , Huang S.-M.
Published: November 2013

Abstract. It is widely recognised that the variation of average surface chlorophyll a concentration (Chl) in the South China Sea (SCS) is closely related to wind forcing, especially during the intense winter monsoon. In this study, we demonstrate that after removal of the seasonal cycles, the variation of Chl showed strong asymmetric responses to wind speed under El Niño or La Niña conditions. The analysis was based on a time-series of Chl in the study area (115–117° E, 17–19° N) around the SEATS (South-East Asian Time-series Study) station located in the central northern SCS from September 1997 to the end of 2011, which was constructed by merging the SeaWiFS data (1997–2006) and MODIS data (2003–2011). The merged daily data were validated by shipboard observations at the SEATS station. The non-seasonal variations of monthly mean Chl, wind speed, sea surface height (SSH) and sea surface temperature (SST) were examined against the multivariate ENSO index (MEI). The analysis reveals strongly asymmetric correlations of Chl and SST with positive MEI (El Niño) or negative MEI (La Niña). Under El Niño conditions, both showed significant correlations with MEI or wind speed; under La Niña conditions, both showed weak or insignificant correlations. The contrast was more pronounced for Chl than for SST. The subdued responses of Chl to wind forcing under La Niña conditions were attributable to a deepened thermocline, for which wind driven nutrient pumping is less efficient. A deeper thermocline, which was observed during the 1999–2000 La Niña event and inferred by positive SSH anomalies during other La Niña events, was probably caused by reduced SCS throughflow under La Niña conditions. Intrusion of the nutrient-depleted Kuroshio water in the surface layer as observed during the 1999–2000 La Niña could be partially responsible for the suppressed Chl response.