bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Energy Efficient Sleep Awake Aware (Eesaa) Intelligent Sensor Network Routing Protocol
Authors:   Assistant Professor Electronics and Communication Engineering Institute of Aeronautical Engineering, Murali Y , Vignesh Gollapelli ,   Electronics and Communication Engineering Institute of Aeronautical Engineering  Hyderabad ,Telangana ,India, Anirudh Lokati ,   Electronics and Communication Engineering Institute of Aeronautical Engineering  Hyderabad ,Telangana, Goutham Kore
Published: December 2024

If the diversification of sensor hubs is not ap- propriately utilized, the power consumption within the system might be unregulated and the load distribution may be uneven which will affect the performance of the system in some ways. Steering algorithms need to focus on energy conservation and load balancing among many different types of nodes in order to increase the network lifetime. One way to do this is to make use of cooperative in cluster routing such as the SEED algorithm to reduce unnecessary transmissions and save energy. Unfortunately, this method suffers from dead time effects which leads to wastage of energy across the network. Further, SEED has limited capacity when the sensor node is active.

Heterogeneous traffic rates. To address the energy and traffic diversity problem of the sensor networks, the Traffic and Energy Aware Routing TEAR relative algorithm had been proposed and explained in detail. That is, TEAR will not choose an active node that is low on power but high on the traffic rate to be the group leader for the sake of load balancing. However, TEAR does not prevent neighboring sensor networks from duplicate transmissions. In this work, we propose a hybrid Energy and Traffic Aware Sleep Wake (ETASA) strategy to enhance the energy efficiency and load balancing in heterogeneous wireless sensor networks.

Index Terms—Energy saving, traffic congestion, network con- nection, communication, sleep, wireless sensor network.
Predictive analysis of pharmaceutical equipment
Authors:   Information Science & Technology & Presidency University , Bengaluru, SivaMani Medam , Sushmanth Pinisetty , Mokshagni Matli , A Dr. Sampath ,   Professor in School of Computer Science and Engineering & Presidency University , Bengaluru
Published: December 2024

he pharmaceutical industry demands high standards of equipment reliability to ensure product quality and operational efficiency. This study explores a predictive maintenance framework that integrates machine learning and real-time video analysis to monitor equipment health and prevent failures. The system comprises three main functionalities: training a machine learning model to predict the Remaining Useful Life (RUL) of equipment based on historical sensor data, manual input for RUL prediction, and real-time video monitoring to detect equipment malfunctions. A RandomForestRegressor is employed to model RUL prediction using sensor data such as pressure, temperature, and fan speed, while the YOLO object detection model analyzes video footage to identify anomalies and potential hazards. This approach enables early detection of issues, reduces unplanned downtime, and improves the overall reliability of pharmaceutical manufacturing equipment. The integration of sensor data, predictive algorithms, and visual monitoring forms a robust system aimed at enhancing operational continuity, maintaining product safety, and ensuring regulatory compliance in the pharmaceutical sector.

Key Words:  Streamlit, Predictive Maintenance, Model Training, Random Forest Regressor, Real-Time Video Monitoring, YOLO Object Detection, RUL Prediction, Machine Learning, Video Upload, Video Processing, Equipment Performance, Data Preprocessing, Model Deployment, Sensor Data, Video Annotation, Preventive Maintenance.
A Low-Power High-Accuracy Approximate Multiplier Using High-Order Approximate Compressors
Authors:   Electronics and Communication Engineering Institute of Aeronautical Engineering Hyderabad, Telangana, India, Ashwini Banoth , Kumar Vyasa Ranjith , Amulya Nallawar , .Munaswamy Dr.P
Published: December 2024

To address the need to reduce power consumption, approximate multipliers have emerged as a potential solution for fault-tolerant applications. In this work, we present a new 8x8 approximate multiplier that focuses on minimizing performance while maintaining a high degree of accuracy. The design features two key features: firstly, based on their importance, different weights are handled by the compressors with different levels of precision, allowing for a trade-off between energy efficiency and minimum error. Second, higher order approximation compressors such as 8:2 compressors are used for intermediate weights to simplify the drive chain logic. This is, to our knowledge, the first design to successfully integrate higher-order approximate compressors into an approximate multiplier. Compared to a precision multiplier such as the Dadda tree multiplier, experimental results show that the proposed design offers significant energy savings while maintaining high accuracy.

Key Words:- Approximate computing; Arithmetic circuits; Logic design; Low-power design; Partial Product reduction
RHODODENDRON ARBORUEM: A REVIEW
Authors: Dahal Krishnaa , Oli Sundar
Published: December 2024

Rhododendron arboreum Sm., the national flower of Nepal, is an ecologically and culturally significant species of the Ericaceae family distributed across the Himalayan region. This review synthesizes current knowledge about its botanical characteristics, phytochemistry, pharmacological properties, and conservation status. The species contains various bioactive compounds including flavonoids, saponins, and triterpenoids, exhibiting anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, antidiabetic, antidiarrheal, and antioxidant properties. Beyond its medicinal value, R. arboreum has important applications in the food industry and plays a crucial role in Himalayan ecosystem stability. However, the species faces significant threats from habitat destruction, overexploitation, and climate change, highlighting the urgent need for conservation measures.
PEMANFAATAN MANAJEMEN SISTEM TRANSPORTASI UNTUK MENGATASI KEMACETAN LALU LINTAS DI BANGGAI LAUT
Authors: Riduan  , Syam Syaiful Bahri , Hadi Purnomo S.
Published: December 2024

Penduduk Indonesia tergolong ke dalam jumlah yang besar dan mengalami peningkatan dari tahun ke tahun, dengan semakin tingginya pertumbuhan penduduk semakin tinggi pula tingkat transportasi yang berada di dalam negeri. Pertambahan dan penambahan lebar jalan tidak pernah dilakukan sementara kendaraan bertambah terus hanya dengan mengandalkan transportasi yang ada pada setiap tahunnya. Di Kabupaten Banggai Laut sangat rentan terjadi kemacetan di beberapa titik jumlah kendaraan yang selalu bertambah dari tahun ketahun, dengan   infrastruktur yang kurang memadai merupakan pendorong kemacetan dalam jam-jam tertentu adapun   kondisi geografis di Kabupaten Banggai Laut yang terbilang cukup unik menjadi hambatan tersendiri dalam membangun infrastruktur transportasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Panduan Kapasitas Jalan Indonesia (PKJI 2014) untuk mengetahui kapasitas, dan volume, pada setiap ruas jalan yang di teliti, Nilai derajad kejenuhan di ruas jalan kabupaten banggai laut dari Jalan Mampaliasan, Jalan Beringin, Jalan Mutiara dan Jalan R. Soak berada di Level B = 0,20 – 0,44 yaitu Arus stabil, tetapi kecepatan operasi mulai dibatasi oleh kondisi lalu lintas, pengemudi memiliki kebebasan untuk memilih kecepatan.
Dengan kondisi arus masih stabil akan tetapi  jadi perhatian ditahun ketahun yang akan datang perlu adanya upaya peningkatan kinerja lalu lintas, seperti penerapan jalur yang telah terterah rambu-rambu di jalan agar transportasi tetap tertip untuk mengurangi resiko kemacetan untuk ruas Jalan Mutiara area pasar tua perlu di adakan tempat khusus untuk kendaraan seperti taxi (mikrolet), bentor dan lain-lain agar menaik turunkan penumpang tidak menggunakan sebagian jalan karena akan mengurangi kapasitas jalan
Analysis of Disaster Vulnerability Level and Community Preparedness Index in the Coastal Area of Kupang City in Dealing with Tsunami Disaster
Authors: Siwi Nanda Dewi Pamungkas
Published: December 2024

This study analyzes the vulnerability to disasters and the preparedness index of coastal communities in Kupang City, Indonesia, in facing tsunami risks. Employing a quantitative descriptive method, the research evaluates vulnerability across four categories: physical, social, economic, and environmental. The preparedness index was assessed using variables such as community knowledge, emergency response planning, disaster warning systems, and resource mobilization. The findings reveal that Kelurahan Fatubesi and Oesapa exhibit high vulnerability due to physical and social factors, while other areas demonstrate moderate vulnerability. The overall preparedness index of coastal communities is classified as "nearly ready," with Oesapa Barat and Oesapa showing better preparedness levels compared to other areas. The study emphasizes the need for enhancing disaster awareness, improving infrastructure, and developing community-based risk management strategies to mitigate the impact of tsunamis on coastal populations.
Design for the Development of a Leadership Training Model with 5 Leadership Voices for Teachers in XYZ School
Authors: Patrick Sean , Lahindah Laura
Published: December 2024

This research aims to meet the need for improving the quality of teacher leadership at XYZ School as part of efforts to create effective education in the 21st century. The literature review highlights the importance of transformational and distributed leadership in the educational context to support collaboration and enhance learning outcomes. The leadership training model based on the 5 Leadership Voices was chosen for its relevance in recognizing and maximizing individual leadership styles. This study uses a qualitative approach with the Research and Development (R&D) method based on the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). Needs analysis shows that teachers face challenges in communication, classroom management, and collaboration. Therefore, the training design includes leadership voice assessment, collaborative workshops, coaching, and impact evaluation. This training is designed to enhance self-awareness, practical leadership skills, and contextual application in the school environment. The research results show that the implementation of the 5 Leadership Voices helps teachers create a collaborative work environment, improve communication, and motivate students through a flexible approach. Teachers also show improvement in classroom management and peer interactions. Impact evaluation indicates that this training is relevant for sustainably improving the quality of teacher leadership. In conclusion, this training model design provides a practical approach to support the professional development of teachers at XYZ School while creating an inclusive work culture that impacts the quality of education.
YAPAY ZEKA DESTEKLİ ÇUKURLARI TESPİT EDEN VE HARİTA ÜZERİNDE İŞARETLEYEN SİSTEM TASARIMI
Authors: Karakazan Ezgi , Ceyhan Eyüp Burak
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışmada, Kinect sensörü kullanılarak yol yüzeylerinde bulunan çukurların tespiti ve harita üzerinde gösterimi amaçlanmaktadır. Başlangıçta YOLOv5 modeli ile çukur tespiti yapılmış, ancak doğruluk oranının %70 çıkmasından dolayı daha gelişmiş bir model olan YOLOv8’e geçiş yapılmıştır. YOLOv8 kullanılarak %75 başarı elde edilmiş olup daha yüksek doğruluk ve hızlı işlem kapasitesi sayesinde çukurların tespiti iyileştirilmiştir. Geliştirilen sistem sayesinde tespit edilen çukurların GPS koordinatları, Kinect sensöründen elde edilen derinlik verileri ile birleştirilerek harita üzerinde işaretlenmektedir. .NET MAUI ile yapılan uygulama, kullanıcılara bu tespitleri anlık olarak gösterecek şekilde geliştirilmiştir. Tespit edilen her çukur, harita üzerinde belirgin bir şekilde işaretlenmektedir. Böylelikle sürücülerin çukurun bulunduğu konumdan geçerken uyarılması sağlanacaktır. Ayrıca bu uygulama sayesinde hem yol bakım çalışmalarında kullanılabilecek etkili bir çukur tespit ve izleme çözümü sunulmakta hem de otonom sürüş sırasında araçlara yol güzergahında bulunan çukurların konumu bildirilerek olası kazaların ve arızaların önüne geçilebilecektir.
Determination of the Effects of Different Salt Sources and Doses on Seedling Characteristics of a Local Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Variety
Authors: Yılmaz Nuri , Yıldırım Gözde Hafize
Published: December 2024

Salinity is a major environmental stress that adversely affects plant growth and development, leading to yield loss in agricultural production. Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), widely cultivated in Turkey, is also sensitive to salinity. In this study, the effects of different salt sources (Calcium Chloride, Magnesium Chloride, Magnesium Sulfate, Sodium Sulfate, Sodium Chloride) and concentrations (40, 50, 60, 70 mM) on the seedling characteristics of a local common bean variety were investigated. In the pot experiment conducted using a factorial design in randomized plots, shoot length, leaf length, leaf width, shoot fresh weight, leaf fresh and dry weight, plant water and dry matter content, and chlorophyll content were determined. The results showed that shoot length ranged from 7.10 to 11.80 cm, leaf length from 4.07 to 6.40 cm, leaf width from 3.67 to 5.43 cm, shoot fresh weight from 0.80 to 2.07 g, leaf fresh weight from 0.22 to 0.54 g, leaf dry weight from 0.03 to 0.86 g, seedling water content from 82% to 97%, seedling dry matter content from 3% to 18%, and chlorophyll content from 37.23 to 48.17. These findings reveal the negative effects of salt stress on plant growth and physiology.
Recent Treatment for Management of Inflammatory Bowl Disease
Authors: Jha Jyoti , Sahani Vandana , Patil Shivanand
Published: December 2024

Due to the development of biologics and small molecule medicines (SMDs), there has been a substantial shift in the approach that is taken to treat inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This shift has been brought about by the introduction of these treatments. It is important to note that these treatments will not be effective to each and every patient, and it is quite likely that a "ceiling effect" will take place when biologic monotherapy is delivered. Taking into consideration this predicament, it is evident that there is a requirement that has not yet been fulfilled for the purpose of maximising the utilisation of biologics and being able to anticipate therapeutic responses. For the purpose of treating patients who are experiencing either an initial lack of response or a subsequent loss of response to traditional biologics and SMDs, there is an urgent requirement for the development of novel medications that have innovative action mechanisms. It has been suggested that a unique method might be utilised in order to improve the efficacy of treatment for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This is due to the fact that the combination of several biologics or SMDs has the capability to reduce inflammation in a variety of different ways. According to the evidence that is currently available for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), individuals who have refractory IBD and who have not responded to several biologic treatments or who have extraintestinal symptoms may benefit from dual targeted therapy. Equally as crucial is the identification of the proportion of patients suffering from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) who are responding favourably to biological combination therapy in order to maintain remission of the condition. The objective of this review is to present a synopsis of the newly developed biologics and SMDs, as well as the current state of bio-logics and SMDs. This is done with the intention of highlighting the progress that has been achieved towards the development of personalised treatment for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
The Concept Directions of Development 21st Century Vocational Education
Authors: Ridwan Ahmad , Wibowo Ary Agung , Widiyanti Widiyanti , Nurhadi Didik , Isnandar Isnandar
Published: December 2024

Education is believed to be a key factor in enhancing human knowledge, skills, and values essential for improving quality of life. Through literature studies from national and international journals and books, this research analyses the current state and future trajectory of Indonesian vocational education. This study aims to examine the concept and development directions of vocational education in Indonesia within the context of 21stcentury challenges. The findings indicate that Indonesian education is evolving towards developing analytical, creative, and innovative thinking capacities. The business and industrial sectors have high expectations for educational outcomes, particularly regarding graduate competencies that can advance workplace missions. While the government has implemented supportive policies, including Presidential Instruction No. 9 of 2016 and Presidential Regulation No. 68 of 2022, alongside the implementation of the Merdeka Belajar curriculum, there remains a need for better direction and facility support at the regional level for effective program implementation. These reforms aim to strengthen industry collaboration, enhance teaching quality, and develop both technical and entrepreneurial skills among students. The research concludes that while progress has been made in aligning vocational education with industry needs and 21st-century skill requirements, continued focus on infrastructure development, teacher quality, and industry partnerships is essential for achieving optimal outcomes in Indonesian vocational education.
Multicultural Education: Literature Review of Multicultural-Based Teacher Education Curriculum Reform
Authors: Anugrah Dena Sri , Supriadi Udin , Anwar Saepul
Published: December 2024

In the context of an increasingly culturally diverse society, multicultural education becomes an essential aspect in preparing teachers to create an inclusive and responsive learning environment for the diversity of students. This paper reviews the literature related to multicultural-based teacher education curriculum reform through a systematic literature review. By analyzing various sources, such as peer-reviewed journal articles, books, and research reports, this study explores the concepts, principles, and best practices in integrating multicultural perspectives into teacher education programs. The systematic literature review reveals that multicultural-based teacher education curriculum reform plays a crucial role in equipping prospective teachers with the necessary knowledge, skills, and attitudes to teach effectively in diverse environments. The literature review results indicate that multicultural-based teacher education curriculum reform plays a crucial role in equipping prospective teachers with the necessary knowledge, skills, and attitudes to teach effectively in diverse environments. A well-designed curriculum can promote cross-cultural understanding, and develop pedagogical strategies responsive to student diversity. This paper highlights the importance of incorporating multicultural content, developing cross-cultural competencies, and promoting critical reflection in teacher education curricula. Additionally, this research identifies challenges and strategies for effectively implementing a multicultural approach, such as ongoing professional development, and stakeholder engagement. The findings from this literature review provide valuable insights for policymakers, curriculum developers, and educators in designing more inclusive and culturally responsive teacher education programs. By preparing teachers competent in addressing diversity, the education system can contribute to creating a fair learning environment and provide opportunities for all students to develop optimally.
A Four-Tier Diagnostic Test to Determine Pre-Service Science Teacher’s Misconception About Solution
Authors: Atmaca Aksoy Ayse Ceren , Genç Hayriye Nevin
Published: December 2024

In the study, a misconception diagnosis test was developed for the subject of solutions. The validity and reliability studies of the misconception diagnostic test developed by the researchers were carried out with 203 pre-service science teachers. The analyses indicate that the developed diagnostic test satisfies the validity and reliability criteria essential for identifying misconceptions within the group of pre-service science teachers concerning the topic of solution. The developed test consists of eight questions in four stages. The test showed a two-factor structure. The reliability coefficient of the test was calculated as KR-20, .704 for scientific knowledge and KR-20, .741 for misconceptions. Researchers believe that the conceptual misconception diagnosis test they have developed will serve as a guide for efforts to identify and eliminate existing misconceptions about solutions in prospective science teacher candidates. A four-stage misconception diagnostic test for the subject of solutions was not found in the literature. In this respect, the study is considered to be unique and powerful.
Yaşlanma ile ilgili sorunlarla başa çıkmada dinin fonksiyonu
Authors: Yılmaz Burhan , Apalı Yasemin
Published: December 2024

Yaşlılık insanların yaşamlarındaki evrelerden biridir ve insanların en bilge oldukları zaman olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Ancak yaşlılık insanları fiziksel ve zihinsel değişimlere uğratarak yaşam kalitesinde düşürmektedir. Yaşlılık dönemini daha iyi anlayabilmek için birtakım kuramlar geliştirilmiştir. Bu kuramlar yaşlılığın çeşitli boyutlarını ele alır ve analiz ederken aynı zamanda yaşlı bireylerin yaşam deneyimlerinin daha iyi anlaşılmasına yardımcı olmaktadır.
Yaşlılık ile birlikte kendini gösteren sağlık sorunları, yaşlı bireylerde sıklıkla karşılaşılan bir durum olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Genellikle yaşlılıkta ortaya çıkan sağlık sorunları, fiziksel zorluklar ile psikolojik sorunlar, toplumsal alandan uzaklaşma ve kayıplarla başa çıkma gibi yaşam kalitesini düşüren etkenler ile karşılaşan yaşlı birey, bu sayılan durumlarla farklı şekillerde mücadele etmektedir.
Din insanların yaşamlarında derin köklere sahip olan ve manevi ihtiyaçların karşılanmasında önemli rol oynayan bir kavramdır. Din ve dindarlık yaşlı bireylerin yaşam kalitesini artırmada ve ruhsal anlamda daha iyi hissetmelerinde önemli etkilere sahiptir.
Bu çalışmada, yaşlılık ile ilgili çeşitli kavram ve kuramlar sosyolojik bir bakış açısıyla ele alınacaktır. Ayrıca yaşlılık sürecinin nasıl anlaşılması gerektiğini, yaşlıların karşılaştığı fiziksel, toplumsal ve psikolojik zorluklar ve bu zorluklarla başa çıkma yöntemleri üzerinde durulacaktır. Bu bağlamda dinin yaşlılık döneminde nasıl bir fonksiyona sahip olduğunu ve yaşlı bireylerin yaşadıkları zorluklar karşısında dinin durumunun analizi yapılacaktır.
Aşırı ifa güçlüğü
Authors: Mülazımoğlu Mehmet
Published: December 2024

Sözleşme kurulurken tarafların amacı, ifanın uygun bir şekilde yerine getirilmesidir. Borç, zor veya masraflı bile olsa ifa edilmelidir. Ancak, sözleşme kurulurken mevcut olmayan bazı aksilikler, ifanın gereği gibi gerçekleşmesini engelleyebilir. Özellikle yakın zamanda pandemi sürecinde yaşanan koşullar sebebiyle sürekli edimli sözleşmelerde ifa önemli ölçüde güçleşmiş ve taraflar sözleşmeleri uyarlama ya da sona erdirme yoluna gitmiştir. TBK m. 138 bu kapsamda önemli bir başvuru aracı haline dönüşmüştür.
Pay senedi piyasalarında fiyat balonu: Mali kuruluşlar üzerine bir uygulama
Authors: Doğru Ercüment
Published: December 2024

Bir varlığın piyasa fiyatının temel ekonomik değerinden sapma göstererek ciddi bir şekilde yükseldiği durumu ifade eden fiyat balonu; aşırı talep, psikolojik faktörler, sürü davranışı gibi irrasyonel yatırımcı davranışları sonucu ortaya çıkmaktadır. Fiyat balonları patladığında varlığın fiyatında hızlı bir düşüş yaşanmakta, yatırımcılar için önemli kayıplara neden olabilmektedir. Dolayısıyla fiyat balonlarını tespit etmek ve nedenlerini anlamak yatırımcılar ve piyasa düzenleyicileri için önemlidir. 05.01.2020 ile 29.09.2024 dönemi haftalık kapanış fiyatlarının kullanıldığı çalışmada, BIST’te işlem mali kuruluşların yer aldığı ana sektör endeksi olan BIST Mali endeksi (XUMAL) ile 7 alt sektör endeksinde (XBANK, XSGRT, XFINK, XHOLD, XAKUR, XGMYO ve XYORT) çoklu fiyat balonlarının varlığı (Phillips vd., 2015) tarafından literatüre kazandırılan genelleştirilmiş supremum ADF (GSADF) testi ile incelenmiştir. Analiz sonucunda sektör endekslerinde çoklu fiyat balonlarının olduğuna dair bulgulara ulaşılmıştır. XUMAL, XBANK ve XSGRT endekslerinde balon oluşumunun devam ettiği, XUMAL ve XHOLD endekslerinde benzer dönemlerde fiyat balonlarının oluştuğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca endekslerde ortaya çıkan çoklu balonların bazılarının uzun süreli olduğu görülmüştür. Bu bulgular, piyasanın spekülatif davranışlarla şekillendiğini göstermektedir.
Combined Antibacterial Activity of Bacteriophages and Extract of Caesalpinia decapetala and Parrotiopsis jacquemontiana Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Yousuf Muhammad , Farooq Hina , Shah Qadeer
Published: December 2024

Background:  Emergence of antimicrobial resistance is one of the most burning issue which is being faced by mankind.  Rate of discovery of new antibiotic has reduced tremendously. Already available antibiotics are almost inactive against many bacterial species like P. aeruginosa and MDR strains of S. aureus. To combat this problem researchers are looking for alternatives. phytotherapy and phage therapy are two potential candidates as alternative to synthetic antibiotics.
Material &Methods: In this study aqueous extracts of C. decapetala and P. jacquemontiana were prepared. Phytochemical analysis and antibacterial activity of extracts was examined. Spot assay was done to assess the lytic activity of bacteriophages. Combined effect of extract and bacteriophages was examined using mixture of specific concentration of extract and bacteriophages.
Results:   Phytochemical screening revealed the presences of phenols, phlobatanins, and terpenoids in the extracts. Well diffusion assay indicated that stem extracts of both species  exhibited notably stronger  antibacterial activity compared to root extracts. Specifically, the stem extract of C. decapetala showed highest antibacterial activity against S. aeruginosa (SA3320) achieving a zone of inhibition of 15mm followed by stem extract of P. jacquemontiana against. In contrast lowest activity was exhibited by root extract of P. jacquemontiana against P. aureus PA2. The synergistic study  result showed that the stem extracts of both P. jacquemontiana  C. decapetala exhibits inhibitory activity against the bacteriophages MDR S. aureus (SA3320)  and P. aeruginosa(PA2)  and the combine effect of phages and extracts was less than that of their individual activities.
Conclusion: combined application of plant extract and bacteriophage against the selected MDR strains resulted in a 60-70% reduction in the zone of inhibition compared to their individual activities. Suggesting a strong antagonistic interaction between the two agents.
Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Brivaracetam: A Systematic Review
Authors: Rasool Muhammad Fawad , Qayyum Attia , Zamir Ammara , Imran Imran
Published: December 2024

Brivaracetam (BRV) is an antiepileptic drug (AED) used to treat focal seizures. It can be administered through oral and intravenous (IV) routes. In this review, the main objective is to present a thorough analysis of reported pharmacokinetics (PK) information on BRV in humans. Five electronic databases were used to execute a systematic literature search i.e. Google Scholar, EBSCO, Science Direct, Cochrane, and PubMed. All articles containing information on the PK of BRV in humans were searched. This review process is officially filed in the PROSPERO database under the registration number CRD42023451328. Thirteen papers were finally included in this systematic review after applying eligibility criteria to 1508 publications from all included databases. A dose-dependent increase in Cmax and AUC0-∞ was seen after oral application of BRV. A slight increase in the AUC0-∞ of BRV was observed in severe renal impaired patients as compared to healthy control. The co-administration of BRV with carbamazepine and rifampicin resulted in a significant rise in oral clearance (CL/F) from 0.92 ml/min to 1.30 ml/min and 0.80 ml/min to 1.45 ml/min respectively, emphasizing the importance of medication interactions in clinical settings. The bioavailability and serum half-life (t1/2) of BRV were reduced when administered with drugs. This comprehensive overview not only improves our understanding of the drug's PK behavior but also provides valuable insights for researchers and clinicians to optimize BRV therapy. The presented results may help clinicians understand the PK parameters (AUC0-∞, Cmax, and t1/2) of BRV in foreseeing its adverse drug reactions and drug-drug interactions.
Synthesis, Characterization, and enhancement of efficacy of losartan with minimal excipients
Authors: Gul Sameer
Published: December 2024

Stroke is commonly caused by blood-circulation blockage due to a blood clot (Feske 2021) or rupture of a blood vessel (Arturo Montaño 2021, Eric E. Smith 2005); furthermore, they are among major reasons for incapacity and demise (Mendis 2013, Charles Ellis 2010). A number of cardiovascular conditions can result in heart failure, which further exacerbates cardiovascular disease burdens. Besides peripheral artery disease, arrhythmias, and other cardiovascular diseases contribute to this global health problem. Not only do cardiovascular diseases manifest in various forms, but they are also difficult to treat due to their sudden onset and chronic nature. In order to cure and cope with the difficulties of cardiovascular diseases engineers have innovated many biomaterials that are used as regenerative therapy(Yunbing Wang 2022). Hence an elaborate study is done in this review article that gives information and detail about the use of different biomaterials in cardiovascular disorders.
EMPIRICAL INSIGHTS INTO PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT AND BANK PERFORMANCE IN KOSOVO: A GENERALIZED METHOD OF MOMENTS EXAMINATION
Authors: Mehmeti Milaim , Krivins Anatolijs , Durguti Esat
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze certain banking factors, namely the managing of the investment portfolio in the banking business of Kosovo. The data used are time series on an annual basis for a total of the last 13 years, and these data were tested using the Generalized Method of Moments. The findings of the study on the return on assets show that investments in the production sector have a negative influence, whereas, investments in the trade sector, and investments in short-term securities have a statistically important positive influence on return on assets. With the same level of importance investment in the production sector negatively influences the return on equity, whereas investment in the trade sector and investment in short securities positively affect the return on equity. The surprising result has turned out to be in the rankings in the service sector since it has a non-significant statistical value. From the aspect of innovation and originality, during the investigation of the empirical literature, we did not notice that these independent indicators were included.
ASSESSMENT OF THE WAR IMPACT ON ENSURING NATIONAL FOOD SECURITY
Authors: Zghurska Oksana , Korchynska Olena , Havrysh Oksana , Bondar-Pidhurska Oksana , Tarasiuk Andriy , Nechytailo Bohdan
Published: December 2024

In the modern conditions of society development, which are characterized by the increase not only of internal problems of the state but also of external extraordinary challenges, the importance of issues of diagnosing the impact of war on the agricultural development of Ukraine in the direction of ensuring the national food security is growing. The article is aimed at assessing the war's impact on the agriculture development of Ukraine, diagnosing development prospects of food security in a war period; providing proposals and recommendations, post-war recovery measures in order to ensure an appropriate level of food security and solve current food crisis situations in a war and post-war period, which are actual and important issue that needs an urgent solution. In the direction of achieving the main purpose, in the research have been applied several general and special scientific methods, namely: the methods of scientific abstraction, analytical diagnostics, statistical and comparative analysis, the method of end-to-end analytics, and regulatory and index criteria etc.The article examines and presents the regional distribution of losses to Ukrainian agriculture in a war period, the structure of agricultural losses from the war by main categories and its detailed description; the structure of indirect financial losses in agriculture from the impact of war and its detailed description, that declared the existence of urgent need for the full restoration of the potential of the industry and requires significant financial and investment resources; recommendations for reconstruction of agricultural resources provision and development of international trade activity in a war and post-war period.The article has defined the key features of food safety regulation at the state level, which made it possible to prove the existence of significant deficiencies in the work of state risk management, and mechanisms for ensuring the country's food and environmental safety. Actual problems of food security ensuring the conditions of the war in Ukraine are identified. The results of a detailed analysis of the state and trends of agricultural sector development in the conditions of the war proved the existence of risk situations that can cause unforeseen and irreversible consequences in the near future.
КОМПАРАТИВНИЙ АНАЛІЗ БАНКІВСЬКОГО КРЕДИТУВАННЯ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ УКРАЇНИ В УМОВАХ ВІЙНИ
Authors: Корнєєв Володимир , Забчук Галина , Іващук Ольга , Винник Тетяна , Рудан Віталій
Published: December 2024

Стаття присвячена компаративному аналізу банківського кредитування українських підприємств в умовах війни, зокрема впливу воєнного стану на функціонування банківської системи та її здатність підтримувати реальний сектор економіки. Проведений аналіз підтвердив, що кризи, спричинені форс-мажорними обставинами, вимагають активного державного втручання для забезпечення стабільності економіки. З'ясовано, що, незважаючи на існуючі державні програми підтримки, зокрема програму «Доступні кредити 5-7-9%», банківське кредитування підприємств суттєво обмежується через концентрацію банківських ресурсів у безризикових інструментах, таких як державні цінні папери та депозитні сертифікати Національного банку України.Метою дослідження є виявлення ключових проблем, які обмежують банківське кредитування підприємств в Україні під час війни, та розробка рекомендацій щодо підвищення ефективності кредитної підтримки бізнесу.За результатами дослідження встановлено, що існує необхідність коригування монетарної політики, зокрема через перегляд підходів до процентної політики та запровадження асиметричного коридору процентних ставок, що дозволить зменшити привабливість безризикових фінансових інструментів для банків і сприяти активізації кредитування реального сектора.Висновки підкреслюють важливість стратегічного державного втручання в банківську систему, особливо в умовах воєнного стану, для забезпечення стабільного економічного розвитку. Зокрема, необхідними є створення механізмів державних гарантій за кредитами, розробка інструментів для стимулювання цільового кредитування важливих для економіки галузей та вдосконалення державних програм підтримки бізнесу.
GLOBAL FINANCIAL CRISES AND THEIR MACROECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES FOR NATIONAL ECONOMIES: THE CASE OF UKRAINE
Authors: Panchenko Volodymyr , Yatsenko Olha , Tetianа Musiiets , Zinchenko Fedir , Aleksandrova Mariia
Published: December 2024

The article provides a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of the nature, types and causes of financial crises, which can threaten both individual national economies and global economic stability. The study analyses the origin and development of financial crises, which, in turn, are given special attention as they are becoming increasingly common amid deepening globalization and the growing integration of world markets. Particular emphasis is placed on theoretical aspects, in particular, on different approaches to the classification of financial crises, as well as on their key characteristics and determining factors that contribute to their emergence and development. The author examines the impact of global financial crises on macroeconomic indicators, including recession, instability of national currencies, rising unemployment and a general decline in economic activity, which have long-term consequences for the global economy. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the impact of the financial crisis on the Ukrainian economy, taking into account its specific socio-economic conditions and structural problems that impede the overcoming of the crisis. The main challenges facing Ukraine in the context of the financial crisis are identified, including low productivity, instability of the banking system and weak competitiveness in global markets. The study also examines strategies for preventing and overcoming financial crises, including improving the regulatory framework, developing effective macroeconomic policies and strengthening the role of the state in managing economic processes. In addition, the international experience of overcoming financial crises and the possibility of adapting it to Ukrainian realities to ensure sustainable economic growth and financial stability were considered. The final part contains recommendations aimed at restoring Ukraine's economic sectors in order to reduce their vulnerability to future financial crises and increase their overall economic potential.
AN ANALYSIS OF POVERTY ALLEVIATION EFFORTS IN RURAL INDIA IMPACT OF MICRO-FINANCE WITH SELF-HELP GROUP-BANK LINKAGE SCHEME
Authors: Srivastava Sripal , Sharma Jaideep , Gupta Sandeep Kumar
Published: December 2024

During the 1990s numerous structural adjustment programs have been implemented across the world for eradicating poverty. The government of India has also made innumerable efforts to address poverty, but still, the rate of poverty is still high in comparison to other developing nations. Data also suggest that the rate of savings is also accelerating but this is not distributed equally. The policies of liberalization, globalization and privatization during the 1990s resulted in the growth of the economy of the country during 1999-2000 and 2004-2005. However, it failed to eradicate poverty uniformly in the different regions of the country. To uplift the rural parts of this county, the National Bank of Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) implemented a self-help groups bank linkage program in 1992. This was done to boost microfinancing in rural parts of India through self-help groups.Microfinancing programs have been used by many countries across the world to facilitate the availability of banking facilities to economically weaker people. NABARD implemented this program in 13 states for penetrating financial services to the disadvantaged population. Researchers have noted that microfinancing programs have helped people affiliated with the SHGs in getting credit help. However, it has been found that many women have joined these groups to gain banking help and address gender inequality (Malhotra, 2016). Research scholars have noted that most of the people in these groups have a need for financial assistance for income generation activities, for clearing debt or for social purposes.
КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНІ ОСНОВИ ТА РИЗИКИ СТРАТЕГІЧНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ КОМЕРЦІЙНИМ БАНКОМ
Authors: Парасіч В'ячеслав
Published: December 2024

Глобальні технологічні зміни та швидкий розвиток фінансових і цифрових інновацій сприяли входові світової банківської системи в епоху фундаментальних трансформацій. Світовий ринок фінансових послуг став суперконкурентним динамічним середовищем, у якому виживання банків, тим паче їхній успішний розвиток залежать від ефективності стратегій інноваційного випереджального зростання. Загострення глобальних технологічних і геополітичних викликів підвищує ризики неочікуваних змін і зростання турбулентності для всієї світової банківської системи. Для банків України ці ризики набули безпрецедентного масштабу внаслідок воєнної агресії рф та її масових воєнних кримінальних злочинів проти України і її цивільного населення, намагань зруйнувати підприємства й енергетичну інфраструктуру. У таких умовах виживання вітчизняних банків і продовження їхнього функціонування для підтримки економіки потребують глибокого стратегічного мислення й застосування неординарних ефективних стратегій. В умовах воєнної економіки стратегічне управління банками, підкріплене ефективною тактикою, стає першочерговим завданням для банківського топменеджменту.Цю статтю присвячено поглибленню розуміння змісту категорій «стратегія» й «стратегічне управління банком», аналізові світових наукових шкіл стратегічного управління та відповідних інструментів. У статті запропоновано концепцію інтегрованої матриці ризиків стратегічного управління банком (ISRM) на основі адаптації методології Тінбергена-Манделла.
IMPACT OF LEGISLATIVE CHANGES ON THE FINANCING OF JUDICIAL ACTIVITIES IN UKRAINE
Authors: Lychenko Iryna , Andrusіak Iryna , Gontar Zoriana , Norchuk Yuriy , Pytlovana Viktoriya , Panchenko Snizhana
Published: December 2024

Judicial activity in Ukraine involves the examination and resolution of contentious issues related to the protection of rights, restoration of violated rights, cessation of rights violations, and application of legal influence measures. All these require appropriate resources, not just informational but also financial and material. The levels of funding depend on the judicial authority financing programs and state budget projects. In other words, changes in legislation will directly affect the volumes and timelines of funding for judicial activities. Conducting an in-depth analysis of scientific and practical literature, our goal was to identify and assess the level of impact of the latest legislative changes on the funding volumes for judicial activities in Ukraine. The object of the study is judicial activity in Ukraine. We believe that the assessment of legislative changes requires the involvement of relevant experts in law and beyond. Therefore, with the help of experts and the applied structuring technique, the weight of the impact of certain legislative changes on the amount of funding for judicial activity in Ukraine is ranked.However, determining which impact is most significant is just one of the outcomes. Additionally, measures for the judicial system's response/adaptation to the most significant changes were proposed. The limitations of the study relate to the fact that the legislative changes identified in the work are not constant and stable. In the future, there will be new changes requiring a new approach to evaluation and response.
EVALUATION OF ORGANIZATIONAL AND RESOURCE PROVISION FOR THE FUNCTIONING OF TERRITORIAL COMMUNITY IN THE FINANCIAL SECURITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Authors: Dombrovska Svitlana , Datsii Oleksandr , Prykhodko Igor , Kovalchuk Veronika , Vasylenko Oleksandr
Published: December 2024

The organizational and resource components play an extremely important role not only in the context of the development of modern amalgamated territorial communities but also in the process of managing their financial security. The security issue of territorial communities directly depends on the organizational structure, the number of participants, the functions assigned to them, the results of their duties, and the scope of information and technical provision. Therefore, it is important to propose an approach that allows evaluating this under a single indicator for convenience in practical use. For this purpose, we attempt to present an approach to evaluating the organizational and resource provision of the functioning of the territorial community in the financial security management system. The object of study is the organizational and resource components of the financial security management system of a territorial community. The task of the article is to substantiate the methodological approach to evaluating the management of financial security of territorial communities through indicators of organizational and resource components. For this, a time-tested method of integral grouping of indicators and expert analysis has been used. As a result, a methodological approach to evaluating the management of the financial security of territorial communities has been proposed, which, unlike others, involves determining the totality of organizational and resource indicators, calculating group indicators, and defining the integral indicator. The presented approach will be useful for characterizing the level of management of financial security and will allow for better meeting the information needs of the territorial community. Limitations concern the practical application exclusively within a single community that has provided further information.
The Influence of Taxpayer Awareness, Tax Knowledge, and Tax Sanctions on Motor Vehicle Taxpayer Compliance
Authors:   Politeknik Negeri Tanah Laut, Setianda Rizky Aldi , Cahyadi Agung ,   Politeknik Negeri Tanah Laut, Indonesia, Suwarno Try Edi ,   Politeknik Negeri Tanah Laut, Indonesia, Purnama Itang ,   Politeknik Negeri Tanah Laut, Indonesia, Pulungan Faisal Fadly ,   Politeknik Negeri Tanah Laut, Indonesia
Published: December 2024

Regional development that runs smoothly requires adequate regional income, particularly from motor vehicle taxes, which have significant potential in supporting regional development. This study aims to test and provide empirical evidence regarding the influence of taxpayer awareness, tax knowledge, and tax sanctions on taxpayer compliance in paying motor vehicle taxes. The population of this study consists of vehicle taxpayers in the city of Banjarmasin. The sample for this study is 100 respondents, obtained using accidental sampling techniques. Data were collected using a questionnaire as the research instrument. The analytical technique used in this study is Partial Least Squares (PLS). The results of this study show that there is an influence between taxpayer awareness and tax knowledge on taxpayer compliance. However, other findings indicate that tax sanctions do not have an impact on taxpayer compliance. Through the results of this study, it is hoped that it can serve as a reference and recommendation for the government, especially SAMSAT Banjarmasin, regarding strategic steps that need to be taken in efforts to increase public awareness of the importance of paying motor vehicle taxes and the tax knowledge possessed by taxpayers. Some of the steps that can be taken include conducting socialization about taxation, which will ultimately increase taxpayer awareness and knowledge.