bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EVALUATION OF RESULTS / EFFICIENCY DEVELOPMENT OF PRIORITY DEVELOPMENT TERRITORIES: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Authors: Zablodska I.V. , Lyashenko P.A. , Burbelo S.O.
Published: July 2023

Territories of priority development of the region (TPD) are relevant in Ukraine as a tool to stimulate the structure through the intensification of military aggression by Russia and the destruction of the country's economy. The need and availability of modern economic and legal tools for economic recovery is indisputable, so the article is devoted to the formation of the author's methodology for conducting research to assess the results / effectiveness of TPD development with impact / after the war in Ukraine.For the research methodology, the results / effectiveness of TPD creation in Ukraine are monitored and the formation of all affected regions (territorial communities) from armed aggression in the south, east and north of Ukraine (Kyiv, Zhytomyr, Chernihiv, Sumy, Kharkov, Luhansk, Donetsk, Mykolaiv, Zaporozhe, Kherson, Odessa regions) are proposed to be the TPD. The article formulates the scientific tasks that became the basis of research methodology and notes that the effectiveness of development / restoration of TPD taking into account the impact / after the war are actually obtained economic and social results of regions (territorial communities) and should be compared with relevant economic and social indicators of their development before the war. Socio-economic efficiency of development / restoration of TPD is a profitable management in these areas (introduction of new models of economic development, implementation of government programs, projects, and measures) and achieving the best socio-economic results at the lowest cost, implementation of goals and objectives in a timely manner. The effectiveness of the development / restoration of TPD is primarily socio-economic content of quantitative and qualitative indicators of the quality of life. The article also presents the plan and coherence of the results of scientific research to assess the results / effectiveness of the development of TPD in Ukraine, which will be performed by the specialists of the Luhansk branch of the State organization 'V. Mamutov Institute of Economic and Legal Research of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine' for the next two years.
IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF RISK MANAGEMENT AS A PREREQUISITE FOR EFFECTIVE PROVISION OF ELECTRONIC PAYMENT SERVICES
Authors: Sopin Ye.O.
Published: July 2023

In recent years, the use of information technology in the field of financial services is expanding, which transforms the ways of their provision and consumption. FinTech is developing rapidly, forming a powerful sector of the digital economy. Much attention focuses on digitalization and the provision of electronic payment services, which is important for the development of all types of e-business. One of the main conditions for their effective provision is risk management, improving the quality of which is becoming an urgent scientific and practical task. This is the basis for the improvement of electronic payment systems and payment ecosystems in the digital environment.

The purpose of the article is to identify areas and practical proposals for improving the quality of risk management as a prerequisite for effective provision of electronic payment services. The importance of risk management for the enterprise-provider of electronic payment services is substantiated, taking into account the basic principles of their provision and importance in the payment infrastructure. The content and direction of improving the quality of risk management, its potential in improving the efficiency of providing electronic payment services for decision-making, reducing losses, optimizing costs and ensuring stable operation of the enterprise are explained. The understanding of the essence and subject of risk management in the field of electronic payment services and its industry characteristics is specified. Characteristics and properties that indicate the quality of risk management are explained. The goals, tasks and features of risk management at the enterprise that is the provider of electronic payment services are determined. The methodological bases of risk management at the enterprise providing electronic payment services are revealed, including strategic bases, objects, principles, types, kinds, elements, approaches, key processes and methods of risk management.

A frame that defines the stages, nature and content of risk management components is proposed, namely: risk identification; risk monitoring and control; risk analysis and assessment; development and implementation of measures in order to minimize or eliminate risks; analysis of results and evaluation of the effectiveness of risk management measures. Practical recommendations for improving each of the components have been developed. The internal and external aspects of risk management are described. The bases of formation and directions of improvement of the risk management system at the enterprise-provider of electronic payment services within the procedural, intellectual, program-technological block are determined. PayTech risk insurance is clarified. The expediency of innovations to improve RegTech in the context of risk management is substantiated.
PENGARUH KUALITAS KEHIDUPAN KERJA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEPUASAN KERJA DAN KINERJA PEGAWAI DI UPTD PUSKESMAS KAIMANA
Authors: Furu Silmi Rahmawati , Safrizal Helmi Buyung Aulia
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kualitas kehidupan kerja terhadap kepuasan Kerja dan kinerja pegawai serta untuk mengetahui pengaruh kepuasan kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai UPTD Puskesmas Kaimana. Permasalahan yang ada pada penelitian ini yaitu pelayanan loket pendaftaran dan pada pelayanan di unit laboratorium. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kualitas kehidupan kerja berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan kerja, kinerja pegawai dan pengaruh kepuasan kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai di UPTD Puskesmas Kaimana. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu (1) Kualitas kehidupan kerja mempengaruhi kepuasan kerja Puskesmas Kaimana. Hal ini berdasar uji t pada regresi persamaan 1 yang didapat karena nilai thitung > ttabel (4,576 > 2,010). (2) Kualitas kehidupan kerja berpengaruh terhadap kinerja pegawai Puskesmas Kaimana Hal ini berdasar uji t pada regresi persamaan 2 yang didapat karena nilai thitung > ttabel (3,499 > 2,011). (3) Kepuasan kerja berpengaruh terhadap kinerja pegawai Puskesmas Kaimana. Hal ini berdasar uji t pada regresi persamaan 2 yang didapat karena nilai thitung > ttabel (2,086 > 2,011).
The Influence of Enviousness in the Workplace on Both the Productivity of Individuals and the Behavior of the Organization
Authors:   Department of Business Administration, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, Al-Salami Qusay , Alsammarraie Omar ,   College of Engineering, Istanbul Gelişim University, Istanbul, Turkey & Head of Research and Conference Development, University of Elsheikh Abdallah ElBaradei, Barber - Atbara, Sudan.
Published: July 2023

The harmful effects of workplace envy on college academics are important to study. The goal of this research is to examine how envy impacts counterproductive work behavior (CWB) and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) in Iraqi colleges. Envy can be constructive or destructive, and both types are investigated in terms of their effects on individual productivity and organizational behavior. The study surveyed 145 lecturers at Cihan University - Erbil and found that workplace envy had a positive impact on (CWB) and a negative impact on (OCB). The results of this study have implications for Erbil and Iraqi colleges.
The Investment Decisions of Individual Investors
Authors:   Department of Economics, College of Administration and Economics, University of Samaria, Iraq, Harjan Sinan , Muhammed Maytham ,   Department of Economics, College of Administration and Economics, University of Samaria, Iraq, Kurdi Ibrahim ,   Department of Banking and Finance, College of Administration and Economics, University of Tikrit, Iraq
Published: July 2023

Behavioral finance is the study of the psychological and social influences on financial decisions. Investors use investment analysis to look at assets, market trends, and market data from the past. Investors' good sense is tied to their ability to make sound decisions. It is frequently used to assess corporate knowledge and data, with the goal of reducing risk and improving results. The purpose of this research is to examine the ways in which various pieces of data, such as financial statements, perceptions of the individual and the company, recommendations from trusted sources, individual goals and values, and unbiased news reports, all play a role in investors' final choices. Individuals from all socioeconomic backgrounds who have invested in or considered investing in specific sectors of the Chinese Industrial Area make up the research population. Research was done using a sample size of 300 investors (out of a total of 170 investors). According to the findings of the current study, these elements have a favourable and substantial effect on financial decisions.
Inverted Generational Distance Bat Algorithm for Many-Objective Optimization Problems
Authors:   University of Baghdad, College of Science, Department of Mathematics, Baghdad, Iraq, Abbas Iraq , Al-Salami Qusay ,   Department of Business Administration, College of Administrative and Financial Sciences, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Published: July 2023

Evolutionary Algorithms (EAs) can be used to solve extremely large-scale Many-Objective Optimization Problems (MOPs/I). Multi-Objective BAT Algorithm based on Inverted Generational Distance MOBAT / IGD, a dominance-decomposition bat algorithm, solves this problem. Due to the Tchebycheff Strategy leader selection process, addressing the issues concurrently inside the BAT foundation may result in rapid convergence. In this paper decomposing the MOP as a Tchebycheff Approach set simplifies it. Dominance allows leaders to scan less densely populated areas, avoiding local optima and producing a more diverse estimated Pareto front as well creating the executives archive. MOBAT/IGD was evaluated to various decomposition-based development methods utilizing 35 standard MOPs. MATLAB produced all results (R2017b).
Using Linear Programming Technique to Measure Minimum Costs: Ready-to-Wear Factory
Authors:   Department of Accounting, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, Jameel Abood
Published: July 2023

We suggest, in this paper, linear programming model that consists of ten variables and eighteen constraints to calculate the minimum total cost and minimum cost for each product in one of the ready-to-wear factories. This factory is producing 10 different types of products (5 types of Pants, 2 types of shirts, 1type of long Jacket, 1 type of suit and 1 type of premium suit). This model usually used to solve more complicated problems in different fields by formulating or changing the form of the problem to Linear Programming model and then solve this model by using Simplex Method. We will use Simplex method which is a simple and powerful tool for solving linear programming Model to calculate the Minimum Cost, because calculating cost is not easy problem. The present study ascertained that there is a significant powerful technique in quantitative methods called Linear Programming Method that can be used in Optimization cases. This study will provide this Factory and other Factories, particularly in Iraq, an exposure of linear programming Technique in making decisions to determine the minimum total cost and minimum cost for different products. The result of Statistical analysis exhibited or shows that: The Minimum total cost Z = 3249745000 IQD.
Peculiarities of law-making practice in the field of further settlement of alternative methods of resolving public disputes and conflicts
Authors: Stebelev A.
Published: July 2023

The article recognizes the diverse (multidirectional) character of the law-making process, taking into account the very features (nature) of legal regulation and proceduralization of alternative ways of resolving legal disputes and conflicts, which is characterized by complexity and multi-levels.

The directions of the formation of legal norms aimed at the settlement of alternative ways of resolving disputes and conflicts are highlighted. In particular, it is noted that the legal regulation of alternative methods of resolving legal disputes and conflicts is carried out through the recognition, establishment and sanctioning of legal norms aimed at regulating such activities. The recognition of the above-mentioned legal norms occurs by the state with the help of the activity of the law-making body through the recognition of natural rights in this area, because such natural rights and freedoms as the right to a court, freedom of contract, the right to protect one's rights are the basis for the formation of alternative ways of resolving legal disputes and conflicts and freedoms by all non-prohibited means. In the mechanism of legal regulation of alternative methods of resolving disputes and conflicts, the second and main direction is the activity of the state to establish relevant legal norms, because the state, developing drafts of relevant laws, on the one hand recognizes the natural rights to a court, to defense, to freedom of contract and takes into account the existing positive social practices developed in this area, as well as based on objective needs and own interests and the interests of society, establishes new rules aimed specifically at the interests of society. Sanctioning practice is the third direction in the mechanism of legal registration of alternative methods of resolving disputes and conflicts.

It was determined that in this case the nature of such activities and the level of their legal regulation and proceduralization are primary. At the same time, these two aspects are significantly interconnected and influence each other. On the one hand, alternative resolution of disputes and conflicts involves the use of special methods, forms, involvement of special subjects, which indicates their separation from traditional areas of procedural activity. On the other hand, recent trends point to their spread and popularization, which inevitably raises the question of their relationship with procedural activity and, in fact, of their proceduralization, which is aimed at their legalization.
Law enforcement practice in countering organized forms of complicity in committing envi-ronmental crimes
Authors: Turlova Yu.
Published: July 2023

Based on the official statistical sources available from the Office of the Prosecutor General and the State Judicial Administration of Ukraine, the group component of environmental crime has been analyzed for the period 2009-2022. The long-term criminological analysis made by the authors allowed identifying the specific characteristics of criminals in this category and finding out the indicators of group criminal activity, including as part of organized groups, as well as the types of the encroachment committed. The relevant relative indicators pertaining to the examined categories of crimes are calculated and illustrated in diagrams. By using relative criminological indicators, specifically the proportion of detected and convicted persons who committed environmental crimes as part of a group, and by comparing the results obtained with similar total crime indicators the authors ascertained that the value of the relevant indicator for environmental crimes is significantly higher - 21.2 % versus 11.5 % for total crime in terms of persons detected and 28.3 % versus 15.3 % in terms of persons convicted. It is found that the proportion of the group component of environmental crime and of conviction for environmental crimes is almost twice as high as that of total crime (1.84). The proportion of persons who committed environmental crimes as part of an organized group or a criminal organization amounted to 0.8% of total environmental criminals detected and is almost twice as high as the same indicator for total crime (0.45%). Illegal mining, sale, acquisition, transfer, sending, transportation, and processing of amber account for the largest share of convicts who committed a crime as part of a group (47.0 % in 2022), and this is explained by the crime commission method (the method of hydro-erosion using appropriate technical means). By calculating and comparing the proportion of persons who committed environmental criminal infractions in the structure of all persons who committed environmental criminal offenses with similar indicators of persons who committed the same as part of a group and also as part of an organized group or a criminal organization, the authors proved that there is a correlation between the level of public danger of environmental encroachments and the level of organization of the persons who commit them. It is noted that the statistical analysis made is justified, firstly, by the tasks of typologizing the persons who commit environmental crimes for scientific and practical purposes, and secondly, by explaining the determination of criminal behavior, and thirdly, by developing effective measures to combat the crimes referred to this category.
The procedure for taking samples from things and documents for examination in criminal proceedings: a critical analysis
Authors: Antoshchuk A. , Basyuk L.
Published: July 2023

The article examines the importance of observing the procedure for collecting evidence established by the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine as a guarantee of their propriety and admissibility, in particular when conducting an examination, when for this there is a need to obtain relevant samples.

The determined procedure for taking samples from things and documents in criminal proceedings is analyzed for the certainty and unambiguity of the definitions used by the legislator and its compliance with the stated purpose of such an investigative (search) action as obtaining samples for examination. As a result of the analysis, a conclusion is made about the existing conflict of criminal procedural norms, which is a consequence of the lack of definition of the legal regime of certain types of samples for examination in criminal proceedings, taking into account their nature and the replacement of certain procedural categories.

Attention is focused on the imperfections of the established procedure for taking samples from things and documents in criminal proceedings and the possible consequences of this - the irreversible loss of evidence.

It is noted that it is impractical to apply the provisions of the established procedure for taking samples from such things and documents that are in the possession of state authorities and local self-government bodies, as well as obtaining an additional court order to conduct a search in case of refusal by the person specified in the decision on temporary access to things and documents, voluntarily provide access to such things and documents for obtaining samples from them.

Objective factors (embedded in the construction of relevant procedural norms) are determined, which negatively affect the effectiveness of the investigation of criminal offenses, determined by the procedure for taking samples from things and documents established by the Criminal Procedural Code of Ukraine. It is noted that it is inadmissible to use the imperfection of criminal procedural norms to actively oppose the investigation of criminal offenses.

It is emphasized the urgent need for effective attention of the legislator to the established procedure for taking samples from things and documents in criminal proceedings in order to ensure the effectiveness of obtaining samples for examination as a means of gathering evidence and investigation as a whole.
Initiation of pre-trial investigation in criminal proceedings regarding interference in the activities of a defense attorney or a person's representative
Authors: Antoshchuk A. , Rusanivska D.
Published: July 2023

The article examines the importance of observing the beginning of the pre-trial investigation established by the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine in general and in criminal proceedings regarding interference in the activities of a defense attorney or a person's representative, in particular. Attention is drawn to the fact that the current Code of Criminal Procedure of Ukraine does not contain a rule regarding the procedural form of starting a pre-trial investigation with the participation of persons who enjoy additional guarantees of independence. Attention is drawn to the fact that, despite the established requirements of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine regarding the verification of applications and notifications of individuals, in practice there have been cases of their verification taking too long.

The normative and legal regulation of the initiation of pre-trial investigation in criminal proceedings regarding interference in the activities of a defense attorney or a person's representative is analyzed in detail. Attention is focused on the fact that the legal guarantees of the protection of the lawyer's professional activity are negated by the lack of practice of thorough investigation of all facts of encroachment and real punishment of guilty persons in crimes committed against lawyers in connection with their professional activity.

It is noted that cases have become quite frequent when statements by defenders and representatives of a person about the violation of their rights, which have signs of a criminal offense, are considered not within 24 hours, but within ten days, and sometimes even within thirty days in accordance with the Law of Ukraine "On Appeals citizens", despite the direct prohibition of consideration of such applications.

The reasons for the refusal to enter information into the Unified Register of Pretrial Investigations (hereinafter referred to as the Unified Register of Pretrial Investigations) have been identified. During the investigation of interference in the activities of the defender or representative of a person, the following grounds are used: 1) the need to provide additional evidence; 2) lack of legal grounds for entering information into the EDPR.

It is believed that the current model of the criminal procedural norm, which concerns the entry of information into the ERDR, is limited enough to make a quick and well-founded decision on the initiation of a pre-trial investigation.
Problematic aspects of the application of the results of the investigative experiment for the investigation of a criminal case
Authors: Kravchuk S.
Published: July 2023

The article reveals the problem of the need to carry out separate experimental and research actions aimed at establishing the possibility of a person's perception of certain facts or phenomena, his implementation of specific actions, the presence or absence of certain abilities and skills, etc. Such research is carried out by conducting an investigative experiment.At the same time, an investigative experiment, like any other investigative action, ensures not only the verification of data relevant to the conduct of a criminal case, but also the obtaining of new evidence (in particular, establishing the mechanism of formation of traces of a criminal offense).Particular attention is paid to the fact that the disclosure of criminal offenses and the investigation of criminal proceedings is a complex process of knowledge, which is regulated in detail by the criminal procedural law. Deviation from which is considered a violation of the law. The procedural form of the activity of the investigators during the preliminary investigation is investigative actions that act simultaneously and as a method of proof. But such investigative actions as interrogation, seizure, presentation for identification received general recognition (both in theory and in practice), then in relation to the investigative experiment provided for in Art. 240 of the CCP of Ukraine, there is no unity in views. Because of this, problems arise in choosing the tactics of conducting an investigative experiment; evaluation of the results obtained during its implementation; determination of the role of this investigative action in the process of proof. Therefore, the article concludes about the need to analyze the state of problems and the conceptual foundations of improving the procedure for obtaining new evidentiary information and checking existing evidence by conducting an investigative experiment, which should ensure a quick, high-quality and effective investigation of criminal offenses.n addition, the author draws attention to the fact that the investigative experiment is the most time-consuming complex investigative action, since a large number of people participate in it. However, the results of a properly conducted investigative action play an important role in the process of proving the guilt of persons suspected of committing a criminal offense, especially for their refusal to testify previously given or in the case of death. A high-quality and effective investigative experiment requires careful preparation, clear organization, and the use of a number of tactical techniques and combinations, which will not only allow obtaining truthful testimony, but also prove the involvement of certain persons in criminal activity.
Legal liability of the notary for violation of notarial secrecy in Ukraine
Authors: Biloskurska O. , Fedorchuk M.
Published: July 2023

The article is devoted to the investigation of the issue of notarial secrecy as an integral part of the notary’s activity, and consideration of the problems of the notary's liability for violation of notarial secrecy. Theoretical, legislative, and practical aspects of notarial secrecy and its enforcement are analyzed. The authors of the article noted that according to the current legislation of Ukraine, a notary must bear legal responsibility for the violation of notarial secrecy. However, the lack of a clear definition of the criteria for violation of notarial secrecy and precise regulation at the legislative level of responsibility for such violations complicates the practice of prosecuting a notary public for violation of notarial secrecy. Cancellation of the certificate of the right to engage in notarial activity refers to exceptional cases of establishing the notary's liability for breach of notarial secrecy. It is emphasized that if a person has given consent to the dissemination of information about the performance of a notarial act, then this cannot be a reason for annulment of the certificate of the right to engage in notarial activity, which is confirmed by the presence of the Supreme Court’s decision. However, in case of significant damage to the rights and interests of individuals, legal entities, or the state, it seems necessary to apply stricter immediate measures to the notary to ensure the rights of other persons and restore trust in the profession. The authors come to the conclusion that for violating the secrecy of notarial acts, the notary must bear administrative and, in some cases, criminal liability, since the existing liability does not include punishment for causing harm to other persons, including for disclosing information constituting notarial secrecy. This kind of violation can cause significant harm to other persons, in particular, violate their constitutional right to privacy and confidentiality. In addition, the norms of administrative and criminal liability should be constructively constructed and established at the legislative level, the bodies of administrative and criminal jurisdiction should be defined to ensure transparency and clarity of the procedures for the application of appropriate sanctions provided for by law, taking into account the degree of damage caused.
Budget Policy: Concept and Tasks
Authors: Diedushev І.
Published: July 2023

This scientific article, based on the study and analysis of positions of scholars and normative legal acts, highlights the concept and essential characteristics of budget policy. The relevance of the chosen topic lies in the fact that budget policy is closely related to the functioning and development of the state. On the one hand, the state is the organizer and coordinator of budgetary relations, and on the other hand, it is an active participant. Given this, a significant precondition for optimizing the model of budget policy is the comprehensive consideration of factors that influence the content of such a policy. Current realities indicate that some factors are not fully taken into account by the state, as a result of which budget policy is subject to sharp criticism. Of course, it is very difficult to take into account all possible negative factors when forming and implementing budget policy, as this policy intertwines the interests of different social groups of the population, which are often contradictory or antagonistic. Modern realities are burdened by war and, in the future, difficult times of post-war reconstruction of the country.

  The author of the article sets the goal to define the concept of budget policy and its most important tasks.

The work emphasizes that budget policy combines objective and subjective aspects. The objective aspect of budget policy lies in its existence and influence on the national economy in real economic processes, conditioned by objective economic relations. The subjective aspect lies in the practical development and implementation of measures of budget policy, the effectiveness of which directly depends on the subjects who develop and implement them.

The main conditions that the state must comply with in shaping budget policy are highlighted. The most important tasks of budget policy are analyzed.

In general, the author concludes that budget policy is a directed activity of authorized persons in shaping or regulating social relations in the field of formation and use of financial resources necessary to ensure the tasks and functions performed by the bodies of state power, the bodies of power of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, and local self-government bodies during the budget period.
Regarding the international legal protection of the civilian population during an armed conflict
Authors: Klapouschak D.
Published: July 2023

The article analyzes the international regulation of civilian protection during armed conflicts in the light of a large -scale invasion of the Russian Federation into the territory of Ukraine on February 24, 2022. The main international acts for the protection of civilians during the war are defined, first of all, the Geneva Conventions for the Protection of Victims of War.

Attention is focused on identifying certain categories of persons who are definitely protected by international law.

The article substantiates the need to take precautionary measures to protect civilians, namely checking the objects of attacking them in civilian population, using methods of attack that minimize the risk of accidental losses among civilians, abolition Ecttes, a warning about the possibility of attacks that can harm civilian population, if possible.

It is established that women and children are categories that need special protection. The main provisions for the protection of these categories of civilians are defined. The author draws attention to the practice of the European Court of Human Rights concerning the protection of civilians during the war or other armed conflicts. At the same time, the author emphasizes the importance of compliance of court decisions in cases of armed conflicts with the approaches developed in international humanitarian law to ensure adequate protection of human rights.

It is concluded that the protection of civilians in the conditions of armed conflict is a task not only of each of the states, but also should be regulated at the international level, which causes the development of new ways of protection. The position on the need for compliance with the court's decisions on the protection of civilians during the war is substantiated by the principles of international humanitarian law, as well as the creation of more effective mechanisms for the protection of civilians during the war.
Structure and functions of the United Nations in the field of budgetary relations
Authors: Ivanova R.
Published: July 2023

Considering the UN in terms of its attribution to the main international organizations in the system of subjects of budgetary relations, it is necessary to explore the main activities, but not the international organization as a whole, but by studying the powers and activities of each of its structural institutions.

As already mentioned, the highest UN institution, which has a wide range of powers, is the General Assembly. It should be noted that the General Assembly has the power to consider the general principles of cooperation in support of international peace and security, including disarmament and arms regulation. In addition, its competence may include any problematic issues that arise in the way of achieving international peace and security, research and development of recommendations in the field of education, health, promotion of human rights and fundamental freedoms without discrimination against signs of racial, sexual, linguistic, religious or other affiliation.

A key role in the UN system is played by the Security Council, which exercises its powers on a permanent basis and focuses its activities on regulating international peace and security policy. It should be noted that the UN Security Council is responsible for the peaceful settlement of international conflicts, the prevention of military clashes between states, the cessation of acts of aggression and other violations of peaceful relations between states.

The economic recovery and development of infrastructure involves the reconstruction of destroyed infrastructure facilities, in order to ensure the receipt of daily services, as well as support for small and medium-sized businesses in the field of entrepreneurship.

The UN has financial regulations and rules that govern the use of its funds, including procurement and accounting procedures. The UN also has an internal audit function to ensure that its financial management is transparent and accountable.

In addition to its regular budget, the UN also has programmatic budgets for its various activities, such as peacekeeping missions, humanitarian assistance, and development programs. These programmatic budgets are funded through separate mechanisms and are subject to specific reporting and accountability requirements.
Pigmeos, primates y elefantes: percepciones populares en Occidente y actitudes locales hacia la fauna y el medio ambiente selvático
Authors: Köhler Axel
Published: July 2023

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Apuntes para una genealogía de las plataformas de streaming musical
Authors: Bazzara Lucas
Published: July 2023

El presente trabajo procurará aportar elementos para hacer una historia de las plataformas de streaming musical. La perspectiva genealógica asumida permitirá establecer las condiciones de posibilidad bajo las cuales dichas plataformas surgieron y se consolidaron. Si bien el objeto de estudio puede presentarse bajo un aspecto único y simple, su procedencia remite a una proliferación de sucesos heterogéneos formados según velocidades diversas; es así que resultará preciso dar cuenta no sólo de las continuidades históricas sino de las irregularidades y los cortes que sacuden y trastocan esa continuidad. De allí que, si desde un punto de vista se puede pensar en una temporalidad lineal y homogénea que recorrería secularmente las tecnologías de grabación y reproducción del sonido desde sus primeras manifestaciones hasta la actualidad (del fonógrafo a Spotify), desde otro punto de vista –que se daría a sí mismo la tarea de cortar verticalmente aquí y allá el arco histórico presuntamente uniforme– se observaría por un lado que no hay relación de necesidad en los pasajes de unas tecnologías a otras, y por otro, que las tecnologías no son suficientes para explicar esos pasajes. Por ello, el abordaje histórico que se presenta obedece a una serie de entrecruzamientos superpuestos que, partiendo del último cuarto del siglo XIX, se van desplegando, mutando, desplazando y generando las condiciones de posibilidad para el surgimiento de la música de plataformas en el siglo XXI. El recorrido trazado pondrá de relieve las relaciones entre tecnologías, pero relevará también las relaciones entre las tecnologías y las disciplinas, teorías y discursos que las sustentan, así como también se ocupará de las relaciones entre las tecnologías, las prácticas socio-culturales asociadas a ellas y la industria musical, sin todo lo cual las plataformas de streaming musical no hubieran sido posibles.
Jóvenes trabajadores de empresas digitales de reparto
Authors: Ros Cecilia , Linne Joaquín
Published: July 2023

Este artículo analiza el trabajo de jóvenes repartidores a domicilio de plataformas digitales. Se abordan los sentidos que asume esta actividad en el marco de sus proyectos de vida, así como las valoraciones sobre los derechos laborales y las formas de participación en el marco de la misma. La metodología de tipo cualitativa consistió en: entrevistas en profundidad a repartidores del Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires, observaciones presenciales en paradas de repartidores y en el análisis de posteos en plataformas de redes sociales. Entre los resultados, se observa que los jóvenes entrevistados consideran esta actividad como temporal y tienen con ella una relación ambivalente: se valora la libertad y autonomía que propone, a la vez que se reconoce la opacidad y control de la gestión algorítmica. Una parte de jóvenes, socializados en la flexibilidad y precarización creciente y normalizada del trabajo, asume una posición crítica al trabajo asalariado, a sus instituciones y sindicatos. Sin embargo, el reclamo por derechos laborales aparece como una aspiración que contradice el tipo de actividad propuesta por las plataformas de reparto.
De plataformas, monopolios y el análisis multidisciplinar de objetos híbridos
Authors: Tagnin Julián
Published: July 2023

Ficha técnica:

Título: República Mercado Libre        

Año de edición: 2022                                       

Autor: Julián Zícari (director)                                   

Editorial: Callao Ediciones                                             

Ciudad de edición: Buenos Aires                     

Págs: 256
IAG y el momento de las máquinas imperfectas
Authors: Bordignon Fernando , Dughera Lucila , Tolosa Gabriel
Published: July 2023

Las líneas que siguen abordan la inteligencia artificial generativa desde tres dimensiones. La primera refiere a los discursos en torno a esta; en particular, al tratamiento dado a este fenómeno. La segunda consiste en advertir los actores, principalmente económicos, presentes, junto con las nuevas configuraciones que hay detrás. Por último, la tercera, describe algunas de las fallas que la inteligencia artificial generativa conlleva. En suma, en este artículo de debate la invitación es a rumiar algunas de los interrogantes aquí propuestos y, al mismo tiempo, a hilar otras preguntas sobre esta “nueva cosa”.
Imaginarios de IA generativa en educación
Authors: Artopoulos Alejandro
Published: July 2023

La imaginación sociotécnica sobre la aplicación de la inteligencia artificial a la educación no surge de un vacío. Al momento en que irrumpen las IA generativas a finales de 2022 ya se había recorrido un largo camino que se remonta tanto en la participación de Seymour Papert en los trabajos pioneros del grupo de IA de Marvin Minsky en el MIT de los 1960s como la creación de la palabra robot en una obra de teatro checa de 1920.
Emergente de la disputa tecnológica entre las tecnológicas norteamericanas y chinas, la IA generativa avanza sobre una de las actividades más exclusivamente humanas. Mediante el desarrollo de grandes modelos de lenguaje se sobrelapa con el trabajo intelectual humano en la lectoescritura. Ya afectada por la TV desde los 1950s, la enseñanza del dispositivo escolar moderno sufre otra inestabilidad esta vez a manos de los algoritmos inteligentes.
La construcción social de la IA generativa, lejos de una transición suave hacia la educación híbrida, enfrenta en el ring del capitalismo algorítmico visiones antagónicas del futuro de la educación, agregando a las tensiones ya presentes de la batalla cultural que se libra en el terreno escolar una nueva capa de tensiones que afectan tanto la práctica docente como la disputa política por el futuro de la educación.
Spatiotemporal mapping of inundation area at Lake Limboto in Gorontalo, Indonesia, using cloud computing technology
Authors: Lahay Rakhmat Jaya , Koem Syahrizal
Published: July 2023

Monitoring activities on the dynamics of water shrinkage at Lake Limboto are essential to the lake’s ecosystem’s recovery. A remote sensing technology functions to monitor the dynamics of lake inundation area; this allows one to produce a comprehensive set of spatial and temporal data. Such complex satellite dataset demands extra time, greater storage resources, and greater computing capacity. The Google Earth Engine platform emerges as the alternative to tackle such problems. The present study aims to explore the capability of Google Earth Engine in formulating spatial and temporal maps of the inundation area at Lake Limboto. A total of 345 scenes of Landsat image on the study area (available during the period of 1989–2019) were involved in generating a quick inundation area map of the lake. The whole processes (pre-processing, processing, analysing, and evaluating) were automatized by using the Google Earth Engine interface. The evaluation of mapping result accuracy indicated that the average score of F1-score and Intersection over Union (IoU) was at 0.88 and 0.91, respectively. Moreover, the mapping results of the lake’s inundation area from 1989 to 2019 showed that the inundation area tended to decrease significantly in size over time. During the period, the lake’s area also shrank from 3023.8 ha in 1989 to 1275.0 ha in 2019. All in all, the spatiotemporal information about the changes in lake area may be treated as a reference for decision-making processes of lake management in the future.
Assessment of groundwater potability for the population: Geochemical evaluation of aquifers in the city of Krasnodar
Authors: Azimov Abdugani , Nekrasova Larisa , Gura Dmitry
Published: July 2023

This work aimed to evaluate groundwater potability for the population through geochemical assessment methods on the example of aquifers in Krasnodar city. In 2016 and 2019, on the territory of Krasnodar city (Krasnodar region, Russian Federation), a detailed geochemical analysis of groundwater quality was performed based on a total of 6000 samples, 3000 samples per each year. Samples were taken from 30 wells located at depths of up to 450 m in the layers of Anthropogen and Neogene stages. Quantitative analysis of wells according to the average water quality parameters showed that in 15 wells, the water condition met the MAC (maximum allowable concentration) standards in all layers. Water abundance between the layers of the Quaternary and Cimmerian stages is seven times as different (p ≤ 0.001) towards the latter, the hardness between the same horizons is ten times as different (p ≤ 0.001) towards the Quaternary stage and three times as different (p ≤ 0.05) in terms of solid residue. Thus, the water hardness and water abundance index vary significantly between the vertical layers. A strong positive correlation between the solid residue and the hardness values (Pearson correlation 0.93, p ≤ 0.05), and a negative correlation between water abundance and solid residue values (Pearson correlation –0.83, p ≤ 0.05), as well as between the hardness and water abundance values (Pearson correlation –0.81, p ≤ 0.05) was recorded. These findings can be used for regions with similar deposits of rocks and aquifers.
Hydrochemical characterisation of groundwater using multifactorial approach in Foum el Gueiss basin, Northeastern Algeria
Authors: Lakhdari Somia , Kachi Slimane , Valles Vincent , Barbiero Laurent , Houha Belgacem , Yameogo Suzanne , Jabrane Meryem , Dali Naouel
Published: July 2023

Knowledge of the quantity and quality of groundwater is a prerequisite to encourage investment in the development of a region and to consider the sedentarisation of populations. This work synthesises and analyses data concerning the chemical quality of the available water acquired in the Foum el Gueiss catchment area in the Aures massif. Two families of waters are observed, on the one hand, calcium and magnesian chlorated-sulphate waters and on the other hand, calcium and magnesium bicarbonate waters. Multivariate statistical treatments (Principal Component Analysis – PCA and Discriminant Analysis – DA) highlight a gradient of minerality of the waters from upstream to downstream, mainly attributed to the impact of climate, and pollution of agricultural origin rather localised in the lower zones. These differences in chemical composition make it possible to differentiate spring, well and borehole waters. The main confusion is between wells and boreholes, which is understandable because they are adjacent groundwater, rather in the lower part of the catchment area. The confusion matrix on the dataset shows a complete discrimination with a 100% success rate. There is a real difference between spring water and other samples, while the difference between wells and boreholes is smaller. The confusion matrix for the cross-validation (50%).
Development of an automated system for electrochemical production of coagulant based on photocolorimetric analysis
Authors: Safonyk Andrii , Hrytsiuk Ivanna , Klepach Marko , Mishchanchuk Maksym , Khrystyuk Andriy
Published: July 2023

The article describes the development of a model problem for electrocoagulation treatment of industrial wastewater taking into account changes in voltage and current. The study included computer simulation of the change in the concentration of iron at the output of the electrocoagulator at variable current levels. The laboratory-scale plant was developed for the photocolorimetric analysis of the iron-containing coagulant. It consisted of a flowing opaque cell through which water is pumped with a constant flow and also the block for processing and storage of information. Such structure allows to reduce human participation in the measurement process and to ensure the continuity of measurement without any need for sampling of the tested material, as well as to reduce the measurement cost. During the processing of results, graphical dependences were determined between RGB-components of water colour and the corresponding concentration of total iron and Fe3+ in water.