bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Descolonizar las políticas en materia de Salud: Alternativas decoloniales en Puerto Rico
Authors: Montalvo García Jennifer
Published: July 2023

Este ensayo presenta un análisis crítico sobre el impacto de los procesos históricos y complejos de la colonización y colonialidad en el sistema de salud en el país caribeño. A través de reflexiones críticas se cuestiona el carácter histórico hasta la actualidad de las políticas en materia de salud que han sido vastamente influenciadas por el financiamiento, la perspectiva y la determinación del imperio estadounidense. Este entramado ha perpetuado la configuración de un sistema fragmentado y burocrático con una visión bio-médica, influenciado por los intereses mercantilistas y donde se sitúa al sujeto fuera del centro del buen vivir. Debido a este contexto se propone integrar una metodología y análisis epistemológico del Sur Global.
Multi stage wheat yield estimation using multiple linear, neural network and penalised regression models
Authors: Vashisth Ananta , Aravind K S , Das B , Krishnan P
Published: July 2023

Wheat is second most consumed staple food grain after rice, cultivated nearly 26 Mha areas in the northern part of India. Weather variables like Maximum temperature, Minimum temperature, Relative humidity, Rainfall, Bright sunshine hours, Evaporation etc. have a great impact on crop yield. Weather based pre harvest crop yield estimation is helpful for deciding marketing, pricing, import-export and policy making etc. Wheat yield and weather variable data were collected for last 35 years from Hisar, Ludhiana, Amritsar, Patiala and IARI, New Delhi. Multistage wheat yield estimation was done at tillering, flowering and grain filling stage of the crop by considering weather variables from 46th to 4th, 46th to 8th and 46th to 11th standard meteorological week for model development. Model was developed using stepwise multiple linear regression (SMLR), Principal component analysis in combination with SMLR (PCA-SMLR), Artificial Neural Network (ANN) alone and in combination with principal components analysis (PCA-ANN), Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and elastic net (ENET) techniques. Analysis was carried out by fixing 70% of the data for calibration and remaining dataset for validation. On examining these multivariate models for stage-wise estimation of wheat yield, percentage deviation of estimated yield by observed yield was ranged between -0.1 to 25.6, 0.9 to 22.8, -0.7 to 22.5% during tillering, flowering, and grain filling stage respectively. On the basis of percentage deviation and model accuracy Elastic net and LASSO model was found better and can be used for district level wheat crop yield estimation at different crop growth stage.
A case study on the changing pattern of monsoon rainfall duration and its amount during recent five decades in different agroclimatic zones of Punjab state of India
Authors: Sandhu SarabjotKaur , Kaur Prabhjyot
Published: July 2023

Rainfall is an important part of hydrological cycle and any alteration in its pattern influence water resources. In Punjab, the monsoon season of 77 days extending during three months July, August and September, receives rainfall at an average rate of 6 mm/day. In the present study, monsoon rainfall data for three parts of the state, viz., the north eastern region (1984-2020), Central plain region (1970-2020) and the south western region (1977-2020) of the state have been analyzed using non-parametric tests, i.e., descriptive statistics, trend analysis, Mann Kendall test and Sen’s slope. Though, the duration of the monsoon season has increased over the last two decades at 0.8 day/year, the rate of rainfall has decreased as rainfall has been less than normal during 17 of the past 20 years. The monsoon rainfall analysis for the five decades indicates a significant decrease in rainfall at 0.7 mm/year which has mainly been due to a decline in rainfall in the north eastern region. The Sen’s slope value of -4.77 (Ballowal) and -0.60 (Bathinda) indicate a decreasing trend of rainfall in the region. The decreasing trend in rainfall received during the July-August months with Sen’s slope values ranging between -0.04 to -2.50 and -0.24 to -3.14, indicates that the months which contribute 70 percent to total rainfall are not a good signal for the agriculture sector in the state.
Estimation of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa l.) yield under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 climate change projections with ANN in Turkey
Authors: Pekin MuhammetAli , Demirbag NurdanSahin , Khawar KhalidMahmood , Apaydin Halit
Published: July 2023

Alfalfa is one of the most widely cultivated forage crops in the world. Alfalfa farming is carried out on approximately 35 million ha of land worldwide with an annual production amounting to 255 million tons. The average alfalfa cultivated area is about 637 000 ha with production of 13 million tons and yield of 2 200 kg da-1 in Turkey. It is expected that climate change will have significantly different effects on its production and yield in future. Therefore, the aim of the study was to predict the effect of climate change on the yield of alfalfa via selected Artificial Neural Network (ANN) according to RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 climate change scenarios. In line with this, first of all the best ANN structure among 176 different ANN alternatives consisting of various input parameters, learning rates, decay and neuron numbers to predicts alfalfa yield was selected. The ANN training/test dataset used in the study were composed of the alfalfa cultivation statistics, the soil parameters and the climatological data. Alfalfa yield for years 2020-2060 and 2060-2100 in 79 provinces of Turkey are predicted by using best ANN model, according to climate change projections (HadGEM2-ES RCP4.5 and RCP8.5). The ANN was able to calculate alfalfa yield with 0.827 coefficient of determination and 0.813 Nash-Sutcliff coefficient. It is understood that the alfalfa plant can resist climate change and its yield tend to increase or decrease in regions, where there will be an increase or decrease in precipitation in the same order as result of climatic change. It is predicted that the highest yield increase will be in Artvin (6%) (a province of the Eastern Anatolia region) and the maximum yield decrease will be noted in Siirt (9%) (a province of the South eastern Anatolia region). This research may be considered as a creative prediction approach for the alfalfa yield estimation.
A Geographic Information System (GIS) based approach for drainage and morphometric characterization of Beki river basin, India
Authors: Mazumdar Mriganka , Dutta MrinalKumar , Bharadwaj Mrigakshi
Published: July 2023

Geographic Information Systems and remote sensing, have proved to be efficient tools in delineation of drainage pattern and different geometric methodology of geomorphologic, watershed management even GIS has been widely used in several flood management, and environmental applications. The river Beki with an area of 19,354.35 sq.km2 originates at Himalayan glacier (Kula Kangri glacier in Bhutan) 26.18° N latitudes and 90.53° E longitudes and flows though the plains of Assam and finally to the mighty Brahmaputra at 26.48° N latitudes and 91.02° E longitudes has been selected for detailed morphometric analysis. Morphometric parameters via; Stream order, Stream length, Bifurcation ratio, Drainage density, Drainage frequency, Drainage texture, Form factor, Circularity ratio, Elongation ratio and Compactness ratio etc. were measured for prioritization and compound parameter values were calculated. This study will help the local people to utilize the resources in right manner for Sustainable Water Resource Development of the Basin area. Moreover, the study can also be referred as a benchmark for studies on temporal change in geomorphology due to climate change. Different Morphometric analysis provides the explanation of physical characteristics of the watershed which are useful for the areas of land use planning, soil conservation, terrain elevation and soil erosion.
Development of rainfall intensity-duration-frequency relationships and nomographs for selected stations in Maharashtra, India
Authors: Anand Shikha , Kumar Pravendra , Kumar Manish
Published: July 2023

The rainfall intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) relationship plays an important toolin planning,designing, evaluatingand operatingof water resource projects, water resources development and management.It is necessary to examine the location-specific relationship between rainfall components, intensity, duration and frequency due to their spatiotemporal variation. In this article, weinvestigate the relationship between the rainfall intensity and its components and develop nomographs for Washim, Chandrapur and Yeotmal districts in Maharashtra, India. We also studied the rainfall charts of various stations for maximum annual rainfall intensities of selected duration. The frequency lines are computed for the above locations.. An empirical studyisconducted to determine the value of constants ‘a’ and ‘b’ and that of ‘K’ (Nemec, 1973).The nomographs are also developed for the rainfall intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) relationships (Luzzadar, 1964). Adequacy of the results istested by statistical indices such as integral square error, correlation coefficient, percent absolute deviation and root mean square error. The variation between nomographic solutions and mathematical equations lies within the permissible limit, less than 20%.
Investigating the Impact of Yaw Pose Variation on Facial Recognition Performance
Authors: Naser Omer Abdulhaleem , Syed Ahmad Sharifah Mumtazah , Samsudin Khairulmizam , Hanafi Marsyita
Published: July 2023

Facial recognition systems often struggle with detecting faces in poses that deviate from the frontal view. Therefore, this paper investigates the impact of variations in yaw poses on the accuracy of facial recognition systems and presents a robust approach optimized to detect faces with pose variations ranging from 0◦ to ±90◦ . The proposed system integrates MTCNN, FaceNet, and SVC, and is trained and evaluated on the Taiwan dataset, which includes face images with diverse yaw poses. The training dataset consists of 89 subjects, with approximately 70 images per subject, and the testing dataset consists of 49 subjects, each with approximately 5 images. Our system achieved a training accuracy of 99.174% and a test accuracy of 96.970%, demonstrating its efficiency in detecting faces with pose variations. These findings suggest that the proposed approach can be a valuable tool in improving facial recognition accuracy in real-world scenarios.
Should ChatGPT and Bard Share Revenue with Their Data Providers? A New Business Model for the AI Era
Authors: Zhang Dong
Published: July 2023

With various AI tools such as ChatGPT becoming increasingly convenient and popular, we are entering a true AI era. We can foresee that exceptional AI tools will soon reap considerable profits. A crucial question arise: should AI tools share revenue with their training data providers in additional to traditional stakeholders and shareholders? The answer is Yes. Large AI tools, such as large language models, always require more and better quality data to continuously improve, but current copyright laws limit their access to various types of data. Sharing revenue between AI tools and their data providers could transform the current hostile zero-sum game relationship between AI tools and a majority of copyrighted data owners into a collaborative and mutually beneficial one, which is necessary to facilitate the development of a virtuous cycle among AI tools, their users and data providers that drives forward AI technology and builds a healthy AI ecosystem. However, current revenue-sharing business models do not work for AI tools in the forthcoming AI era, since the most widely used metrics for website-based traffic and action, such as clicks, will be replaced by new metrics such as prompts and cost per prompt for generative AI tools. Therefore, a completely new revenue-sharing business model must be established. This new business model, which must be independent of AI tools and be easily explained to data providers, needs to establish a prompt-based scoring system to measure data engagement of each data provider. This paper systematically discusses how to build such a scoring system for all data providers for AI tools based on classification and content similarity models, and outlines the requirements for AI tools or third parties to build it. AI tools can share revenue with data providers using such a scoring system, which would encourage more data owners to participate in the revenuesharing program. This will be a utilitarian AI era where all parties benefit.
Evolutionary Augmentation Policy Optimization for Self-Supervised Learning
Authors: Barrett Noah , Sadeghi Zahra , Matwin Stan
Published: July 2023

Self-supervised Learning (SSL) is a machine learning algorithm for pretraining Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) without requiring manually labeled data. The central idea of this learning technique is based on an auxiliary stage aka pretext task in which labeled data are created automatically through data augmentation and exploited for pretraining the DNN. However, the effect of each pretext task is not well studied or compared in the literature. In this paper, we study the contribution of augmentation operators on the performance of self supervised learning algorithms in a constrained settings. We propose an evolutionary search method for optimization of data augmentation pipeline in pretext tasks and measure the impact of augmentation operators in several SOTA SSL algorithms. By encoding different combination of augmentation operators in chromosomes we seek the optimal augmentation policies through an evolutionary optimization mechanism. We further introduce methods for analyzing and explaining the performance of optimized SSL algorithms. Our results indicate that our proposed method can find solutions that outperform the accuracy of classification of SSL algorithms which confirms the influence of augmentation policy choice on the overall performance of SSL algorithms. We also compare optimal SSL solutions found by our evolutionary search mechanism and show the effect of batch size in the pretext task on two visual datasets.
SEEN: Seen: Sharpening Explanations for Graph Neural Networks Using Explanations From Neighborhoods
Authors: Cho Hyeoncheol , Oh Youngrock , Jeon Eunjoo
Published: July 2023

Explaining the foundations for predictions obtained from graph neural networks (GNNs) is critical for credible use of GNN models for real-world problems. Owing to the rapid growth of GNN applications, recent progress in explaining predictions from GNNs, such as sensitivity analysis, perturbation methods, and attribution methods, showed great opportunities and possibilities for explaining GNN predictions. In this study, we propose a method to improve the explanation quality of node classification tasks that can be applied in a post hoc manner through aggregation of auxiliary explanations from important neighboring nodes, named SEEN. Applying SEEN does not require modification of a graph and can be used with diverse explainability techniques due to its independent mechanism. Experiments on matching motifparticipating nodes from a given graph show great improvement in explanation accuracy of up to 12.71% and demonstrate the correlation between the auxiliary explanations and the enhanced explanation accuracy through leveraging their contributions. SEEN provides a simple but effective method to enhance the explanation quality of GNN model outputs, and this method is applicable in combination with most explainability techniques.
Policy brief social dialogue and decent work in the agriculture sector
Authors:   International Labour Organization
Published: July 2023

This paper aims to analyse the status of the occupational safety and health (OSH) policy in the Iraqi agricultural sector, including the Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI). It also seeks to identify the gaps in OSH policy and the challenges preventing its implementation. The paper also proposes measures to improve the existing situation through social dialogue.
Analysis of various airway evaluation tests to prognosticate difficult endotracheal intubation
Authors: S Nishana , G Gopakumar , K Prathibha , Jayaprakash Ranju , George George
Published: July 2023

Background: Unanticipated difficult intubation or failure of intubation is a major source for anesthesia associated deaths. Hence pre-anesthetic checkup should include a detailed airway evaluation to foresee difficult endotracheal intubation. Some easy bedside tests to predict difficult airway include modified Mallampati test (MMT), ratio of height to thyromental distance (RHTMD), and upper lip bite test (ULBT). Actual difficulty of airway can be estimated using Cormack Lehane (CL) grading while performing laryngoscopy. Combination of two or more bedside clinical tests is used to identify difficult airway and act accordingly.

Aims and Objectives: We aimed at identifying those airway assessment tests which best predicted difficult airway. The objectives were to determine the agreement between MMT, RHTMD, ULBT with CL grading, and also the agreement between MMT and ULBT, MMT and RHTMD.

Materials and Methods: This observational research was done in 88 individuals between 18 and 75 years planned for elective procedures requiring endotracheal intubation as a part of general anesthesia. The clinical assessment tests such as ULBT, RHTMD, and MMT were done on eligible participants during pre-anesthetic check-up. In the operation theater, patient was prepared, premedicated, and induced. CL grading was used to assess the laryngoscopic view. We tried to determine the agreement between MMT, ULBT and RHTMD with CL grading. We also tried to determine the agreement between MMT and ULBT., MMT and RHTMD.

Results: MMT showed moderate, RHTMD showed slight, and ULBT showed no agreement with CL grading. MMT showed highest sensitivity and RHTMD showed highest specificity. No agreement was found for ULBT and RHTMD with MMT.

Conclusion: MMT and RHTMD can be used in predicting difficult airway access; out of which MMT is better than RHTMD. ULBT is not an ideal test to identify difficult endotracheal intubation. Laryngoscopic view becomes difficult with increase in weight and age.
Evaluation of pattern of medication errors in a tertiary care hospital in South India: A prospective observational study
Authors: Chaithra Kanathur , Sparshadeep Eregodu , Priyadarshini Bai , Rajesh Basavaraj , Kavana Venkatappa , Shabeena Begum , Dakshayini Mudmakudu
Published: July 2023

Background: Medication errors (MEs) increase morbidity, mortality, and economic burden to health-care system. MEs are the sixth highest cause of death in America. Documented data, studies, and reporting of MEs in India are limited.

Aims and Objectives: The study was undertaken with the objectives to determine (a) the frequency of MEs and (b) the nature of MEs in the hospital.

Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study of 6-month duration was conducted using prescriptions (n = 1007) of patients admitted as inpatients in wards and intensive care unit in the hospital. Sensitization programs were regularly carried out to health-care professionals. The case records and treatment charts of patients in wards were reviewed and the patients or caretakers were interviewed to gather information. Standard hospital pro forma for MEs was used to collect data on MEs. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics in Excel.

Results: Overall, ME rate was 26.81% in the 6 months with a declining trend from the initial 36.11% month of study period. Prescription, dispensing, administration, and documentation errors were, respectively, 92.2%, 4.1%, 3.3%, and 17.8%. Errors pertaining to writing generic names, doses, and routes of drug administration were, respectively, 73%, 48.5%, and 35.2%. Majority (94.8%) of ME belonged to category B of the National Coordinating Council for Medication Error Reporting and Prevention index.

Conclusion: The current study observed a high prescription error rate in hospital emphasizing the need for ME sensitization/training program to doctors and nurses. The study observed a declining trend in ME rate that would be attributed to the ongoing sensitization program. The study also indicates an enhanced requirement for the implementation of regular and rigorous reporting system in the hospital.
The design, simulation, and adjustment of the Vietnam men’s Ao dai on the CLO3D software
Authors:   Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Technology-VNU–HCM, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Thi Nguyen Mong Hien , Nguyen Mau Tung ,   Faculty of Garment Technology-Fashion, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Published: July 2023

The study presents the results of the design, simulation, and adjustment of middle-aged men’s Ao Dai from 30 to 60 years old in Ho Chi Minh City. This research combines two methods of 2D design on the Gerber software and 3D design on the CLO3D software, of which the main simulated patterns’ material is cotton sateen fabric. An avatar is used to simulate men’s Ao Dai which has the average measurements of the 378 measurement samples. There are three steps to simulate and edit. At first, the patterns are draped on the avatar. The sample does not achieve a smooth, flat fit in the side seam and waist area when they drape on the avatar. After patterns are adjusted at the side seam, finally, these patterns are draped again to meet the standard of smooth and flat appearance on the simulated model’s front, back, and side faces. The study was conducted on one model that has suitable dimensions for Vietnamese men, so there will be additional avatar data in the CLO3D software database. This is very useful for fashion and technique designers in garment businesses.
Вектори оптимізації ресурсних потоків підприємств мережевої торгівлі
Authors: Георгіаді Н. Г. , Голяк А. Ю.
Published: July 2023

На підставі огляду та критичного аналізу наукової літератури встановлено, що, незалежно від контексту застосування поняття «потоки ресурсів», його сутнісними ознаками є наявність об’єкта, який перебуває в русі; відправника і отримувача цього об’єкта, часу і швидкості руху об’єкта; певних запасів або засобів для чого- небудь; можливості використання цих запасів або засобів. Обґрунтовано, що «ресурсний потік» - це стан переміщення ресурсів (певних запасів або засобів для чого не будь) від відправника до отримувача, який характеризується тривалістю і швидкістю переміщення, а також обсягом ресурсів. Запропоновано вектори оптимізації логістичних потоків: планування запасів, оптимізація логістичних процесів, використання інформаційних технологій та розвиток систем управління якістю. Доведено, що вектори пов'язані між собою та взаємодіють для досягнення спільної мети – ефективного використання ресурсів та підвищення конкурентоспроможності підприємств мережевої торгівлі.
Діджиталізація у сучасній індустрії туризму та гостинності: проблеми і перспективні напрями
Authors: Головчук Ю. О. , Худоба О. М. , Боднар Р. О.
Published: July 2023

У статті узагальнено науково-практичні підходи до діджиталізації в сучасній індустрії туризму та гостинності, ідентифіковано проблеми та виокремлено перспективні напрями використання у ній цифрових технологій. Наукова новизна дослідження зумовлена виокремленням та аналізом ключових проблем, пов'язаних з діджиталізацією індустрії туризму та гостинності, зокрема конфіденційності та безпеки даних, «цифрової нерівності», технологічної інфраструктури та цифрової грамотності, можливого знеособлення послуг, залежності від онлайн-відгуків, надмірного туризму та постійної еволюції очікувань клієнтів. Практичне значення дослідження полягає у пропозиції можливих рішень для виокремлених проблем, включаючи застосування розширених заходів кібербезпеки, партнерства між державою та приватним сектором, навчання співробітників, використання гібридних моделей обслуговування, штучного інтелекту та машинного навчання, алгоритмів обробки Big Data, формування чіткого нормативного забезпечення інформаційної безпеки туризму та гостинності, залучення громад та інвестицій в цифрову інфраструктуру. Зроблено висновок про те, що, незважаючи на виклики, діджиталізація пропонує багатообіцяючі перспективи для більш інклюзивного, ефективного та орієнтованого на клієнтів майбутнього в індустрії туризму та гостинності.
The content of organic and biogenic substances in the leaves of Elodea canadensis Michx., Hydrocharis morsus-ranae L. and Potamogeton perfoliatus L. and the factors determining their concentration
Authors: Alyabysheva Elena Aleksandrovna
Published: July 2023

This paper discusses the peculiarities of changing the content of total nitrogen, proteins and organic substances in the assimilation organs of three species of hydrophytes (Elodea canadensis Michx., Hydrocharis morsus-ranae L., Potamogeton perfoliatus L.) growing at different levels of pollution of the urbanized reservoir. The work presents the results of comparison of the river pollution within the city of Yoshkar-Ola. Local areas of pollution of the urban water body with nitrogenous compounds, suspended solids and iron have been identified (a comparison with the maximum permissible concentration, a calculation of the water pollution index, an analysis of variance). The main sources of pollution of the river were sewage and storm water. The studies have shown that the leaves of submerged rooting hydrophytes have more nitrogen and proteins than the free-floating hydrophyte. In the leaves of H. morsus-ranae, the concentration of organic substances is higher than in E. canadensis and P. perfoliatus, which is a feature of the structure and functioning of plants. With an increase in the anthropogenic load on the urban reservoir, the ratio of biogenic and organic substances in the leaves of hydrophytes changes: the concentration of total nitrogen increases and the content of total protein and organic substances decreases, which, apparently, indicates a change in the direction of transport of organic substances and inhibition of synthesis processes under conditions of pollution of the reservoir. The obtained materials can be used to organize biomonitoring of the state of surface sources subjected to man-made pollution by the effluents of urbanized territories.
Features of craniological signs of Myodes glareolus Schreber in the Kostroma Region
Authors: Klimova Alena Sergeevna , Sirotina Marina Valeryevna
Published: July 2023

As part of the comprehensive monitoring of the state of the ecosystems of the Reserve Kologrivsky Les, studies of the Myodes glareolus Schreber population organization were conducted for eleven years (20122022). To compare the values of craniological signs of the control population, similar measurements were considered in rodents living on the territory of Minskoe forestry in the Kostroma Region (20212022). The paper provides data on the size and proportions of the skull of this species. Osteological indices characterizing the nutrition ecology of the studied populations and their craniometric appearance were calculated. The variability and correlation of 17 craniometric signs of Myodes glareolus was analyzed in order to diagnose the degree of optimality of conditions for the existence of this species populations, as well as to assess the state of the environment in complex biological monitoring programs. Data were obtained on the patterns of variability of metric and nonmetric features of the skull in a number of years, and the influence of the sex structure of the population, the dynamics of its population, weather and climatic factors on the determinism of craniological measurements was studied. Sexual dimorphism according to these parameters was expressed slightly. There was a positive correlation of signs in rodents living on the territory of the biosphere reserve as the most optimal habitat in comparison with the territory of Minskoe forestry in the Kostroma Region, where a negative correlation was predominantly revealed. A strong correlation was established between some craniometric features characterizing the specifics of nutrition, population density, average precipitation and average air temperature. In addition, weak correlations between the body weight of individuals and the dimensions of the skull were revealed. When studying the fluctuating asymmetry of non-metric features of the left and right sides of the upper and lower jaw, a low level of the FAnm coefficient was found in the studied populations. Dynamic changes in the level of fluctuating asymmetry of rodents were insignificant. A weak negative correlation of the fluctuating asymmetry and the values of the average precipitation during the study periods were established. No significant correlation was established for the other factors. The results of the presented comprehensive study of the craniometric features of Myodes glareolus on the territory of the Kostroma Region indicate a stable state of populations in the considered environmental conditions.
Specially protected natural area «Sestrinskie okamenelosti» – a promising reference polygon for remote identification of valuable steppe ecosystems
Authors: Kuzovenko Oksana Anatolievna , Ryazanova Yana Anatolievna , Prokhorova Nataliya Vladimirovna
Published: July 2023

The paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the flora of the natural monument Sestrinskie okamenelosti, located in the Bolshechernigovsky District of the Samara Region. The taxonomic analysis has revealed the growth of 255 species of vascular plants from 49 families within the boundaries of a specially protected natural area. Biomorphological and ecological-coenotic analyses have been used to assess the degree of preservation of the natural steppe communities of the studied territory. The ecologic-geographical characteristics of the natural monument are made in accordance with the classifications of T.I. Plaksina and A.P. Laktionov. The result of the two classifications correlation is the analysis of common types of habitats pluriregional, Holarctic, Euro-Siberian, European. The study of the natural monument Sestrinskie okamenelosti phytodiversity has revealed its unique physiognomic features associated with the dominance of a number of steppe plant species. The results of the analysis allow us to recommend this territory for use as a reference zone (polygon) that provides processing of remote sensing materials obtained using satellite images and UAV. The use of a series of multi-season images will allow us to establish the location and visual characteristics of the dominant steppe species reference zone in order to build classifiers and then use the results for remote identification of the most valuable areas of natural steppes in the Samara Region and adjacent territories. Remote sensing methods allow to monitor the state of virgin steppe areas continuously. Similar work has already begun on other protected areas of the region; the first results have been obtained.
The diatom analysis of the reservoirs located on the Kalmius River
Authors: Mirnenko Eduard Igorevich
Published: July 2023

The paper examines biodiversity of diatoms in artificial reservoirs of the Kalmius river basin, as well as the degree of impact of industrial enterprises on water resources by bioindication. The author has established the current state of the water balance of rivers, and the use of water resources in the industry of Donbass. Thus, the water balance is formed due to a part of the inflow of water from the Seversky Donetsk river basin and the waters of the main Kalmius River basin. Agriculture and industrial enterprises in total consume 77% of the water resources of the entire region, which is an extremely high degree of involvement in the overall balance of water resources. To assess the condition of reservoirs, the method of determining the species diversity and biological analysis of diatoms DAIpo was chosen. As part of the study, it was found that the flora of diatoms according to the ShannonWeaver index varied from 1,98 to 4,65 bps, while only 11 species of diatoms were massively distributed in reservoirs. The coefficient of growth of species diversity (r) varies (from 0,2135 to 0,9522 bps) depending on the season of the year and the place of selection. It was found that the increase in the DAIpo index occurred during the transition from the Nizhnekalmius reservoir to the Starobeshevsky reservoir, due to the presence of a larger number of saproxene species Achnanthes andicola, Fragilaria virescens, Navicula viridula var. viridula. Nitzschia sigmoidea var. sigmoidea, Navicula radiosa var. radiosa. Consequently, the paper traces the level of pollution by the presence of indicator species and the degree of tolerance of diatoms to environmental conditions.
Morphogenesis features of Hedysarum alpinum L. in in vitro culture
Authors: Mikhovich Zhanna Eduardovna , Skrotskaya Olga Valerievna , Portnyagina Nadezhda Vasilyevna
Published: July 2023

The plants of Hedysarum alpinum L. in the North are characterized by a long pregenerative period, the laboriousness of seed propagation, low field germination of seeds, rare self-sowing, and the impossibility of vegetative propagation. In connection with this, it seemed relevant to introduce this rare species (included in the Red Book of the Komi Republic) into aseptic culture to preserve and maintain the gene pool, as well as to further develop the technology of its cultivation to obtain medicinal raw materials. The morphogenesis was studied, and the peculiarities of the regeneration of adventitious shoots of Hedysarum alpinum in in vitro culture were revealed. During three subcultivations, the influence of two cytokinin growth regulators, 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and kinetin (KIN), at concentrations from 0,5 to 1,0 mg/l, on the regeneration potential of different explants of Hedysarum alpinum in in vitro culture was determined on the WPM environment. A high frequency of regeneration of shoots from single-node segments and cotyledon nodes was obtained 79% and 65%, respectively. In the second and third passages, there was an increase in the regenerative activity of the cotyledon node explants and an increase in the multiplication factor to 5 shoots per explant. It was shown that relatively high concentrations (1,0 mg/l) of BAP and CIN increase the number of shoots per explant but inhibit their growth and development. For the reproduction stage proper, the medium containing BAP 0,5 + CIN 0,5 + IAA 0,1 mg/l is optimal. It was shown that the initiation of rhizogenesis actively took place on the WPM medium supplemented with IAA 0,5 and IBA 0,5 mg/l, on which the proportion of rhizogene explants was 77%. The maximum values for the length and number of roots were obtained on the medium with IAA 1,0 mg/l and with the combined use of two auxins (IAA with IBA at 0,5 mg/l). The regenerated plants were transplanted into non-sterile conditions, and their survival rate under ex vitro conditions was 50%.
The availability of specially protected natural areas of regional importance in municipal districts (on the example of the Samara Region)
Authors: Sidorov Aleksandr Arkadievich , Vasilieva Daria Igorevna
Published: July 2023

At present when legislative requirements are strengthening, local administrations are empowered to do ecological activities, the demand for ecological tourism is growing, which is reflected in strategic documents of territorial development etc., the necessity to preserve natural diversity at the municipal level is increasing. In the paper on the basis of analysis, logical presentation, statistical research the dynamics, peculiarities of creation and provision of Samara Regions municipal districts with specially protected natural territories of regional importance are established. On the territory of the studied region there are 211 protected areas of regional importance, as well as three objects of federal importance: Zhigulevsky State Nature Biosphere Reserve and two national parks (Samarskaya Luka and Buzuluksky Bor). The paper shows a significant variability of areas, specific size and provision of local population with protected areas, the relationship between individual parameters, a rating and classification of municipal districts according to the given indicators. The categories of municipal districts with high, medium and low shares of protected areas in the total area of the sub-regional area and the provision of the population with protected areas have been identified. Various options or models of compensatory benefits and environmental costs of municipal districts have been considered, taking into account specially protected natural areas of federal importance and the influence of the urban environment. The results of the analysis allow us to use the materials obtained to make current management decisions and modernize the development strategies of the territories.
Age and sex structure of the population of the Srubnaya culture in the late bronze age (on the materials from the Samara Volga region)
Authors: Bogdanash Artem Vasilyevich
Published: July 2023

The demographic structure of the population is reconstructed on the basis of 866 sex and age definitions of the skeletons of the late Bronze Srubnaya culture of the Samara Volga region. The historiographical information on this aspect of paleopopulations life in the region is given. The analysis of the materials of the early and developed stages of this culture is carried out both on the basis of traditional approaches and using the principal component analysis of multidimensional statistics. There is a high mortality rate of the childrens share of the population of the Srubnaya culture, approximate equality in the maintenance of representatives of both sexes, a somewhat longer life expectancy of the male part of the population. These characteristics are relatively close to those of the carriers of the Potapovka culture type who lived in the region in the previous time and sharply differ from the demographic indicators of the Yamnaya culture tribes of the early and Middle Bronze Age, leading a mobile cattle-breeding type of economy. In this line of historical ties, the early Srubnaya culture groups by gender and age structure, taking into account the presence of their settlement monuments, already represent a relatively settled population, with the development of domestic cattle breeding. At the developed stage of the existence of the Srubnaya culture, there is a slight decrease in the overall infant mortality, and especially among adolescents, the overall demographic indicators are more stable. Apparently, this is the time of the maximum adaptation to the natural conditions of the forest-steppe Volga region, the time of the use of their resources for the life support of the population.
Socio-natural aspects of the causes and consequences of the famine of 1921–1923 in the Volga region
Authors: Makeeva Ekaterina Dmitrievna
Published: July 2023

This paper analyzes socio-natural aspects of the causes and consequences of the famine in the early 1920s in the Volga region. Ecological problems of anthropogenic nature, which appeared in this region in the second half of the 19th century, are considered as an essential cause of famine. It was those problems that largely caused periodic droughts and crop failures that led to famine. The author considers large-scale irrigation and land reclamation, construction of waterworks and reservoirs, as well as afforestation, which began in the Middle Volga region in the 1930s, to be important consequences of the famine. Thanks to the interaction of the authorities and society in the implementation of state programs to combat drought and crop failures, in the second half of the twentieth century, it was possible to eliminate the threat of food shortages and the emergence of severe social problems in this regard. The research is based on a number of published and unpublished documents, including archival materials, which contain evidence of contemporaries of the events and processes described. The content of the paper and the conclusions formulated by its author correspond to the current trends in the development of socio-economic and environmental history of Russia.
The former merchants of Tomsk in the struggle for electoral rights in the period of the 20s – 30s of the 20th century: classification of behavior tactics
Authors: Lyagaev Vladimir Vladimirovich
Published: July 2023

The issue of deprival of electoral rights of the pre-revolutionary business elite representatives is considered on the example of the former merchants of Tomsk. The institution of disenfranchisement, which continued to evolve during its existence from 1918 to 1936, in 1926 turned from a restrictive measure into a measure of social pressure of non-proletarian classes. According to the new instructions, activities related to the receipt of non-labor income, with the use of hired labor, now had no statute of limitations. From now on, all private traders were deprived of voting rights, regardless of the type of patent they chose. Such changes entailed an increase in the total mass of nonvoters representatives of the former merchant class. The last hopes of the pre-revolutionary business elite for adaptation in the new society were destroyed. Based on the statements of the nonvoters, the author reconstructed the most typical behavioral practices of former nonvoters merchants in the struggle for their civil rights. The author proposes a classification of tactics of former merchants behavior as a separate group among the nonvoters. In the future, a more extensive selection of cases of nonvoters belonging to this group is expected as well as the use of the content analysis method in the study in accordance with the identified criteria.
World War II in John Ford’s films
Authors: Buranok Sergey Olegovich , Surzhik Dmitry Viktorovich
Published: July 2023

John Fords films show how the cultural context of the Pacific War and the image of the war in combat films of 19411945 change. By the time the USA entered the World War II, Hollywood and Washington had a long if not estranged relationship. They were both well versed in the use of propaganda and had readily employed it on the citizens of the United States. J. Fords films are a good example of this cooperation. This paper is about a reflection of the image of the Pacific war, and about the key moments of glorification of the World War II history in the USA cinema and media. The paper analyzes the connection between the images of the war in the film December 7 with the images of the war in newspapers, cartoons, politicians speeches this will help to study the problem of visualizing the war in a wide socio-cultural context rather than in isolation. The nature and mechanisms of mutual influence of these images of the war have been determined: for example, how the materials of periodicals influenced the film; how the speeches of American politicians were refracted and reflected in Fords film; how the visual images of cartoons influenced the directors work.
Mechanisms of cultural and educational interaction between the USSR and foreign countries in 1960–1980
Authors: Samsonova Irina Станиславовна
Published: July 2023

This paper attempts to study the problem of intercultural interaction between the USSR and foreign countries in 19601980. Attention is drawn to the need to establish a constructive dialogue between cultures in the context of strengthening integration ties. The paper presents the results of research on the development of cooperation in the sphere of culture, examines the strategies and practices of the Soviet peace movement, describes the ways and means of strengthening informal interaction with representatives of the educational system and maintaining professional contacts, characterizes the process of interaction between the USSR and citizens of foreign countries. The interaction with the foreign public in the USSR during the period under study was carried out through a number of organizations of various levels: from the central party bodies to individual regional enterprises and institutions. It is particularly noted that the ideological control over their activities existed at virtually all levels of the party apparatus: from the Central Committee of the CPSU to party committees in public organizations, unions and cultural institutions. The author concludes that the existing problems in the sphere of intercultural communication are closely related to the implementation of effective intercultural interaction, and the role of culture in the development of international interaction is not limited to the foreign policy of states and is characterized by autonomy in the organization of the dialogue of cultures.
«It was a great, noble work of a selfless worker» (to the biography of P.A. Preobrazhensky)
Authors: Sumburova Elena Ivanovna
Published: July 2023

The paper examines the main stages of the life path, scientific and socio-pedagogical activity of Pavel Aleksandrovich Preobrazhensky, a teacher, historian and public figure who lived in Samara at the turn of the 1920 centuries. The biographical study was built with the involvement of archival materials, published sources and memoirs of P.A. Preobrazhenskys students. The author notes the circumstances of the formation of the character and life principles of the future teacher, and the significant role of the family and the father-priest in this. The half-century pedagogical practice of P.A. Preobrazhensky left a memory of him not only in the hearts of the students, but also among their parents and colleagues, as evidenced by the statements given by the author. The paper also examines socio-cultural activities of P.A. Preobrazhensky, who during his life was a member of many scientific and cultural societies and actively worked in the field of education and dissemination of scientific knowledge among the Samara population. The author highlights the university period in the biography of Pavel Aleksandrovich, noting that it was the heyday of his scientific and teaching career. It was during this period that his life was filled with various types of activities scientific, teaching, administrative and social.
The Great Patriotic War in V.N. Paramonov’s research: in memory of the historian (1957–2022)
Authors: Khramkova Elena Lenarovna , Tuzova Olga Vladimirovna
Published: July 2023

The paper is devoted to the scientific activity of Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor Vyacheslav Nikolaevich Paramonov in the study of various aspects of the Great Patriotic War. Using classification methods, comparative historical and biographical methods, more than 100 publications (19852020) have been analyzed: monographs, textbooks, articles and theses, a doctoral dissertation and an abstract, reviews by V.N. Paramonov on the manuscripts of monographs, dissertations and abstracts of dissertations, as well as materials of the scientists personal file. The main thematic directions of his publications on the problem are singled out: the state of the regional and republican industry; labor sphere; rear everyday life; public consciousness, moods, mentality; gender history; information control; scientific research; interfaith relations; questions of historiography and source studies; historical memory of the war. An attempt has been made to determine their development in relation to the empirical base being mastered, the novelty of the plots and the results of the research. The contribution of the historian to the formation and introduction into scientific circulation of sources on the military period, the appeal to little-studied subjects, the presence and argumentation of the authors position on some issues are emphasized. The significant contribution of V.N. Paramonov to the development of the economic and social all-Russian and regional history of the war period is revealed.