bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metode Dakwah Majelis Dzikir Rohmatan Lil`alamin Kepada Jama`ah Dalam Menanamkan Nilai Ketauhidan Di Desa Banggle-Kediri
Authors: Anjeli  , Slamet Moh.
Published: August 2024

Abstract— In this study, there are 2 (two) questions that will be answered. These questions: 1). The Da'wah Method of Majlis Dhikr in instilling the value of monotheism and 2). The impact of the practice of dhikr for pilgrims. This study uses qualitative research, with the type of approach used is a case study. Meanwhile, the data analysis technique. The results of the study show that the dhikr da'wah method of the Rohmatan Lil'alamin Assembly can be answered, that the application of dhikr is the key to the success of da'wah among the congregation, through several preliminary stages, implementation stages, and closing stages, as well as follow-up stages. These steps have been implemented well and felt by the congregation, such as feelings of calm, serenity, not stress, and feeling at home in the learning of the dhikr assembly.
Keyword: Application of the Dhikr Method, Jamaah, Dhikr, Islamic Values
Seeing Red: Trump, Putin, and Messages about Ukraine in the U.S. 2024 Election
Authors: Oates Sarah
Published: August 2024

The 2024 U.S. Presidential election shows a convergence in narratives between Republican candidate Donald Trump and Russian President Vladimir Putin in calling for the United States to withdraw military support for Ukraine. While the two leaders have different motivations for this messaging, the result could likely be a significant reduction of U.S. military aid to Ukraine if Trump is elected. This makes Election 2024 the most significant U.S. election for Russia in modern history. This paper highlights that while Trump and Putin share different goals and strategic narratives – American isolationism vs. Russian global dominance – both leaders broadcast messages to end U.S. military support to Ukraine. This paper posits that it is critical to understand the convergence and divergence between Russian strategic narratives and Trump campaign narratives to both distinguish and anticipate Russian propaganda flow into U.S. news.
Modern technology of snaplage production in the Central region of Russia
Authors: Belomozhnov Timofey , Klimenko Vladimir
Published: August 2024

One of the ways to increase the dietenergy for cattle snaplage — feed prepared from corn cobs with husk separated from the stalk and crushed. For the Central region of Russia, this is still a rare feed, although very promising. Unlike corn silage, its harvesting requires not only very early hybrids capable of ripening the grain to waxy ripeness before the first frost (approximately mid-September), but also special grain headers for separating the cobs from the stalks. In addition, for the snaplage technology, there are more strict requirements for the degree of grinding of grain, the use of chemical and biological preservatives, and the method of storing and sealing the feed. However, it has advantages over other technologies for preparing feed from corn, in particular corn grain. This is the absence of costs for drying grain, reducing the number of lost cobs, the possibility of using corn hybrids with greater yield potential (increasing the FAO range), harvesting at an earlier date, reducing the impact of adverse weather conditions, compatibility of grain headers with combines for harvesting corn for silage. Our article is devoted to the peculiarities of the technology for preparing snaplage from early ripening corn hybrids in the Central region of the Russian Federation.
Principles and experiences of making standards for forage quality estimation
Authors: Popov Vladimir
Published: August 2024

The task of these article is to pass on the routine knowledge which has been saved up for long years of work in the field of fodder production standardizing to young experts developing fodder quality standards. When standardizing feeds of plant origin, they take into account the peculiarities of the production of these types of feeds, the chemical composition of various types of plants, technology and methods of preparing feeds, and the requirements of livestock farming for the nutritional value of feeds. Based on this, general provisions for feed quality standardization, set out in the article, have been developed. The procedure for developing national standards is also shown.
EFEKTIVITAS BELANJA DESA DALAM MENURUNKAN KEMISKINAN DI KABUPATEN BANDUNG BARAT
Authors: Hasibuan Sarah Nita , Yamin Fauji
Published: August 2024

Dana Desa sebagai pemenuhan hak desa dalam melaksanakan otonomi daerah agar dapat tumbuh dan berkembang berdasarkan potensinya. Studi kemiskinan bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh belanja desa (belanja desa untuk penyelenggaraan pemerintahan desa, pembangunan infrastruktur desa, pemberdayaan dan pembinaan masyarakat desa) terhadap kemiskinan. Studi ini menggunakan data cross-section dari 165 desa, dengan model Geographically Weigthed Regression (GWR). Hasil analisis GWR menunjukkan belanja desa bidang penyelenggaraan pemerintahan tidak berpengaruh terhadap kemiskinan. Belanja desa untuk pembangunan infrastruktur fisik, pemberdayaan dan pembinaan masyarakat berpengaruh untuk mengurangi kemiskinan.
Kualitas Lingkungan Permukiman yang Terdampak Urbanisasi di Pusat Kota Berdasarkan Pendekatan Liveable City
Authors: Putri El Innasya Aulidya , Permana Raden ChrisnaTrie Hadi , Rahayu Murtanti Jani
Published: August 2024

Fenomena perkembangan perkotaan yang terjadi tidak bisa dihindari dan telah memberikan berbagai dampak terhadap kehidupan penduduk perkotaan. Kondisi ini dialami oleh Kota Depok dengan penduduk yang terus berdatangan untuk tinggal menetap karena kemudahan aksesibilitas menuju Kota Jakarta serta kualitas lingkungan yang baik dan nyaman. Keterbatasan ruang muncul sebagai akibat dari fenomena kepadatan penduduk serta permukiman yang terus berkembang. Peningkatan kepadatan penduduk menurunkan kualitas lingkungan pemukiman baik fisik maupun sosial sehingga muncul kekumuhan dan ketidaklayakan permukiman. Pada konteks pembangunan perkotaan yang telah diamanatkan secara global maupun nasional keberlanjutan dan kelayakan permukiman harus diutamakan karena kota harus memberikan kenyamanan kepada penduduknya. Penelitian ini berfokus pada bagaimana urbanisasi mempengaruhi livabilitas kualitas lingkungan permukiman. Penilaian livabilitas melalui pendekatan liveable city dilakukan dengan mengevaluasi empat dimensi: dimensi sosial, dimensi ekonomi, dimensi fisik lingkungan, dan dimensi fungsional. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah; (1) mengidentifikasi karakteristik wilayah yang terurbanisasi; (2) Mengidentifikasi kondisi kualitas lingkungan permukiman melalui pendekatan liveable city; (3) Mengetahui pengaruh urbanisasi terhadap kualitas lingkungan permukiman. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif berupa analisis skoring dan analisis regresi ordinal. Hasil skoring menunjukkan Kawasan Margonda mengalami dinamika urbanisasi dengan kategori tinggi dan berdampak pada kualitas lingkungan permukiman dengan kategori sedang. Sedangkan hasil analisis regresi ordinal menunjukkan kualitas lingkungan secara signifikan dipengaruhi oleh dinamika urbanisasi yang meliputi kepadatan penduduk, proporsi guna lahan permukiman dan pola permukiman penduduk.
Tingkat Kesiapan Masyarakat Kelurahan Laweyan dalam Program Kampung Iklim
Authors: Hapsari Ditya Putri , Kusumastuti Kusumastuti , Mukaromah Hakimatul
Published: August 2024

Memasuki abad ke-21 isu terkait pemanasan global yang memicu perubahan iklim menjadi salah satu masalah yang dianggap serius di berbagai negara. Indonesia berupaya mendorong pelibatan seluruh komponen masyarakat dalam kegiatan dan aksi terkait iklim, salah satunya melalui program nasional bernama Proklim (program kampung iklim). Keberhasilan program tidak terlepas dari peran masyarakat dan pemangku kepentingan lainnya yang dibekali dengan pengetahuan, keterampilan, serta sumber daya lainnya. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kesiapan masyarakat dalam program kampung iklim. Dalam penelitian ini metode yang digunakan adalah skoring menggunakan Community Readiness Model (CRM). Proses pengambilan data dilakukan melalui penyebaran kuesioner, observasi, wawancara serta studi literatur. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa skor kesiapan masyarakat dalam program kampung iklim sebesar 4,08 dan masuk dalam tingkat stabilisasi . Sedangkan pemimpin memperoleh skor sebesar 4,12 dan masuk dalam tingkat konfirmasi/ekspansi
Injectable hybrid nanofibrous spheres made of PLA and nano-hydroxyapatite for cell delivery and osteogenic induction
Authors: Wang Yawen , Zhang Xiaopei , Liu Na , Chen Renjie , Yu Chenghao , Yao Lijie , Chen Siyu , Yan Yuying , Wu Tong , Wang Yuanfei
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Nanofibrous spheres, with their injectable format and biomimetic three-dimensional topologies that emulate the complexity of natural extracellular environments, have become increasingly attractive for applications in biomedical and regenerative medicine. Our research contributes to this growing field by detailing the design and fabrication of a novel series of polylactic acid/nano-hydroxyapatite (PLA/nHA) hybrid nanofibrous spheres.

Methods

These advanced structures were created by integrating electrospinning and electrospray techniques, which allowed for precise control over the nanofibrous spheres, especially in size. We have conducted a comprehensive investigation into the nanofibrous spheres’ capacity to deliver stem cells efficiently and maintain their viability post-implantation, as well as their potential to induce osteogenic differentiation.

Results and Discussion

The results show that these nanofibrous spheres are biocompatible and injectable, effectively supporting the attachment, growth, and differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells while aiding in their targeted transportation to bone defect areas to execute their regenerative functions. The findings of this study could significantly impact the future development of biocompatible materials for a range of therapeutic applications, including bone tissue engineering and regenerative therapy.
Porous titanium scaffolds modified with Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework (ZIF-8) with enhanced osteogenic activity for the prevention of implant-associated infections
Authors: Di Matteo Valentina , Di Filippo Maria Francesca , Ballarin Barbara , Bonvicini Francesca , Iaquinta Maria Rosa , Panzavolta Silvia , Mazzoni Elisa , Cassani Maria Cristina
Published: August 2024

In this study, zeolitic imidazolate framework 8 (ZIF-8) was coated on porous Ti6Al4V scaffolds, either bare or previously modified using hydroxyapatite (HA) or HA and gelatin (HAgel), via a growing single-step method in aqueous media using two contact times at 6 h and 24 h. The coated scaffolds termed ZIF-8@Ti, ZIF-8@HA/Ti, and ZIF-8@HAgel/Ti were characterized via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR), and molecular plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (MP-AES). In order to assess the cell proliferation rate, the cytocompatibility of the scaffolds was evaluated in primary osteoblasts (hOBs) using alamarBlue assay, while the osteoconductivity was analyzed in hOBs using a real-time approach, evaluating the expression of secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1). Osteopontin, which is the protein encoded by this gene, represents the major non-collagenous bone protein that binds tightly to HA. The scaffolds were shown to be non-cytotoxic based on hOB proliferation at all time points of analysis (24 h and 72 h). In hOB cultures, the scaffolds induced the upregulation of SPP1 with different fold changes. Some selected scaffolds were assayed in vitro for their antibacterial potential against Staphylococcus epidermidis; the scaffolds coated with ZIF-8 crystals, regardless of the presence of HA and gelatin, strongly inhibited bacterial adhesion to the materials and reduced bacterial proliferation in the culture medium, demonstrating the suitable release of ZIF-8 in a bioactive form. These experiments suggest that the innovative scaffolds, tested herein, provide a good microenvironment for hOB adhesion, viability, and osteoconduction with effective prevention of S. epidermidis adhesion.
Mobitz type II second-degree atrioventricular block: a commonly overdiagnosed and misinterpreted arrhythmia
Authors: Barold S. Serge , Herweg Bengt
Published: August 2024

Mobitz type II second-degree atrioventricular block (AVB) is an electrocardiographic pattern that describes what appears to be an all-or-none conduction without visible changes in the AV conduction time or PR intervals before and after a single non-conducted P wave. An unchanged PR interval after the block is a sine qua non of Mobitz type II block. A 2:1 AVB cannot be classified in terms of type I or type II AVB. The diagnosis of Mobitz type II block AVB requires a stable sinus rate, which is an important criterion because a vagal surge (generally benign) can cause simultaneous sinus slowing and AV nodal block, which can resemble Mobitz type II AVB. Atypical forms of Wenckebach AVB may be misinterpreted as Mobitz type II AVB when a series of PR intervals are constant before the block. Concealed His bundle or ventricular extrasystoles may mimic both Wenckebach and/or type II AVB (pseudo-AVB). Correctly identified Mobitz type II AVB is invariably at the level of the His–Purkinje system and is an indication for a pacemaker.
Neutral effect of Zishen Yutai Pill on frozen-thawed embryo transfer: a propensity score matching study
Authors: Yang Xiaolian , Cai Jiali , Jiang Li , Jiang Xiaoming , Liu Zhenfang , Chen Jinghua , Chen Kaijie , Yang Chao , Geng Jie , Ma Caihui , Ren Jianzhi , Liu Lanlan
Published: August 2024

Objective

To investigate whether using Zishen Yutai Pills (ZYP) following embryo transfer would affect the live birth rate in frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) cycles.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was performed on 15044 FET cycles in the Reproductive Medicine Center of The Affiliated Chenggong Hospital of Xiamen University from January 2013 to December 2020. Patients who used Zishen Yutai Pills were defined as Zishen Yutai Pills Group (ZYP, n=2735), while patients who did not use them were defined as Non- Zishen Yutai Pills Group (Non-ZYP, n=12309). The propensity score matching method was used to control for potential confounders between the two groups, and logistic regression analysis was also used to assess whether using ZYP would affect the live birth rate.

Results

After propensity score matching, basic characteristics were similar between the two groups. Using ZYP did not increase the pregnancy rate (51.5% vs. 52.7%, P=0.372), and live birth rate (43.0% vs. 44.7%, P=0.354). This was also confirmed by the logistic regression analysis results (OR=0.95, 95%CI=0.85-1.06). In the subgroup analysis of the endometrial preparation protocols, however, it was found that the use of ZYP in patients with natural cycles increased the live birth rate (47.4% vs. 41.5%, P=0.004). A significant interaction between endometrial preparation and ZYP was found (OR=1.38, 95%CI=1.07-1.79) in the multivariate model.

Conclusion

The use of ZYP may not improve the live birth rate of unselected patients in FET cycles. However, a future study is needed on the effect of ZYP in natural cycles for endometrial preparation.
Association between anemia and diabetic lower extremity ulcers among US outpatients in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey: a retrospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Cao Jinmin , Wang Jingpei , Zhang Saiqian , Gao Guiyun
Published: August 2024

Purpose

The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between hemoglobin levels, anemia and diabetic lower extremity ulcers in adult outpatient clinics in the United States.

Methods

A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 1673 participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2004. Three logistic regression models were developed to evaluate the relationship between anemia and diabetic lower extremity ulcers. Model 1 adjusted for demographic and socioeconomic variables (age, sex, race and ethnicity, educational level, family income, and marital status). Model 2 included additional health-related factors (BMI, cardiovascular disease, stroke, family history of diabetes, hyperlipidemia, alcohol and smoking status). Model 3 further included clinical and laboratory variables (HbA1c, CRP, total cholesterol, and serum ferritin levels). Stratified analyses were also conducted based on age, sex, HbA1c level, body mass index (BMI), and serum ferritin level.

Results

The study included 1673 adults aged 40 years and older, with a mean age of 64.7 ± 11.8 years, of whom 52.6% were male. The prevalence of diabetic lower extremity ulcers (DLEU) was 8.0% (136 participants). Anemia was found in 239 participants, accounting for 14% of the study group. Model 1 showed an OR of 2.02 (95% CI=1.28~3.19) for anemia, while Model 2 showed an OR of 1.8 (95% CI=1.13~2.87). In Model 3, the OR for DFU in patients with anemia was 1.79 (95% CI=1.11~2.87). Furthermore, when serum ferritin was converted to a categorical variable, there was evidence of an interaction between DLEU status and serum ferritin in increasing the prevalence of DLEU.

Conclusion

After adjusting for confounding variables, higher levels of anemia were proportionally associated with an increased risk of incident DLEU. These results suggest that monitoring T2DM patients during follow-up to prevent the development of DLEU may be important. However, further prospective studies are needed to provide additional evidence.
Roles of extracellular vesicles derived from healthy and obese adipose tissue in inter-organ crosstalk and potential clinical implication
Authors: Han Yue , Ye Sheng , Liu Bowen
Published: August 2024

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanovesicles containing bioactive molecules including proteins, nucleic acids and lipids that mediate intercellular and inter-organ communications, holding promise as potential therapeutics for multiple diseases. Adipose tissue (AT) serves as a dynamically distributed energy storage organ throughout the body, whose accumulation leads to obesity, a condition characterized by infiltration with abundant immune cells. Emerging evidence has illustrated that EVs secreted by AT are the novel class of adipokines that regulate the homeostasis between AT and peripheral organs. However, most of the studies focused on the investigations of EVs derived from adipocytes or adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), the summarization of functions in cellular and inter-organ crosstalk of EVs directly derived from adipose tissue (AT-EVs) are still limited. Here, we provide a systemic summary on the key components and functions of EVs derived from healthy adipose tissue, showing their significance on the tissue recovery and metabolic homeostasis regulation. Also, we discuss the harmful influences of EVs derived from obese adipose tissue on the distal organs. Furthermore, we elucidate the potential applications and constraints of EVs from healthy patients lipoaspirates as therapeutic agents, highlighting the potential of AT-EVs as a valuable biological material with broad prospects for future clinical use.
Thyroidectomy without lymph node dissection should be considered for stage T1 medullary thyroid carcinoma: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Tao Zixia , Deng Xianzhao , Ding Zheng , Guo Bomin , Fan Youben
Published: August 2024

Background

The necessity and therapeutic value of lymph node dissection (LND) in early stage T1 MTC patients remain controversial.

Methods

Patients with T1MTC were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Poisson regression analysis was utilized to investigate promotive factors for lymph node metastasis in T1MTC patients. Fisher’s exact test was employed to calculate baseline differences between non-LND and LND groups. Propensity score match (PSM) was used to control baseline bias. Survival outcomes were calculated by Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. Multivariable Cox regression assessed the prognostic impact of LND across subgroups.

Results

Of 3298 MTC cases, 50.4% were T1MTC. The lymph node metastasis rate increased along with the T stage (from 22.2% to 90.5%). Among 1231 T1MTC patients included after exclusion criteria, 72.0% underwent LND and 22.0% had lymph node metastasis. Patients aged younger than 44 years (RR=1.700, p<0.001), male (RR=1.832, p<0.001), and with tumor larger than 10mm (RR=2.361, p<0.001) were more likely to have lymph node metastasis, while elderly patients (p<0.001) and those with microcarcinoma (p<0.001) were more likely to undergo non-LND procedures. LND provided no OS or DSS benefit over non-LND before and after propensity score match (matched 10-year OS/DSS: LND 83.8/96.2% vs non-LND 81.9/99.3%, p>0.05). Subgroup analyses revealed no prognostic gain with LND in any subgroup (p>0.05).

Conclusion

Nearly half of MTC patients were diagnosed at T1 stage and had low lymph node risk. Different from ATA guidelines, avoiding routine LND conferred similar prognosis to standard procedures while potentially improving quality of life. Large-scale prospective multi-center studies should be conducted to further validate these findings.
Drone image recognition and intelligent power distribution network equipment fault detection based on the transformer model and transfer learning
Authors: Zhong Jiayong , Chen Yongtao , Gao Jin , Lv Xiaohong
Published: August 2024

In today’s era of rapid technological advancement, the emergence of drone technology and intelligent power systems has brought tremendous convenience to society. However, the challenges associated with drone image recognition and intelligent grid device fault detection are becoming increasingly significant. In practical applications, the rapid and accurate identification of drone images and the timely detection of faults in intelligent grid devices are crucial for ensuring aviation safety and the stable operation of power systems. This article aims to integrate Transformer models, transfer learning, and generative adversarial networks to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of drone image recognition and intelligent grid device fault detection.In the methodology section, we first employ the Transformer model, a deep learning model based on self-attention mechanisms that has demonstrated excellent performance in handling image sequences, capturing complex spatial relationships in images. To address limited data issues, we introduce transfer learning, accelerating the learning process in the target domain by training the model on a source domain. To further enhance the model’s robustness and generalization capability, we incorporate generative adversarial networks to generate more representative training samples.In the experimental section, we validate our model using a large dataset of real drone images and intelligent grid device fault data. Our model shows significant improvements in metrics such as specificity, accuracy, recall, and F1-score. Specifically, in the experimental data, we observe a notable advantage of our model over traditional methods in both drone image recognition and intelligent grid device fault detection. Particularly in the detection of intelligent grid device faults, our model successfully captures subtle fault features, achieving an accuracy of over 90%, an improvement of more than 17% compared to traditional methods, and an outstanding F1-score of around 91%.In summary, this article achieves a significant improvement in the fields of drone image recognition and intelligent grid device fault detection by cleverly integrating Transformer models, transfer learning, and generative adversarial networks. Our approach not only holds broad theoretical application prospects but also receives robust support from experimental data, providing strong support for research and applications in related fields.
A multi-agent optimal operation methodology of electric, thermal, and hydrogen integrated energy system based on ADMM algorithm
Authors: Zhou Dongxu , Xu Jingzhou , Zhang Can , Wei Pengchao , Pan Guangsheng , Gu Zhongfan
Published: August 2024

This article presents a study on the distributed optimization operation method for micro-energy grid clusters within an electric, thermal, and hydrogen integrated energy system. The research focuses on precisely modeling the Power-to-Hydrogen (P2H) conversion process in electrolytic cells by considering their startup characteristics. An optimization operation model is established, with each micro-energy grid as the principal entity, to cater to their individual interests and demands. The Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM) algorithm is adopted for distributed solution. Case studies demonstrate that the connection topology between micro-energy grids significantly impacts the total operating cost, and the effectiveness of the ADMM algorithm is validated through a comparison with centralized optimization approaches.
Active power optimisation scheduling method for large-scale urban distribution networks with distributed photovoltaics considering the regulating capacity of the main network
Authors: Gong Cheng , Wang Wei , Zhang Wenhan , Dong Nan , Liu Xuquan , Dong Yechun , Zhang Dongying
Published: August 2024

Introduction

When a distributed photovoltaic (PV) system has access to a large urban distribution network, the active balance is primarily borne by the main network gas unit; when the scale of the distributed PV system is very large, the main network can only provide limited regulation capacity, and the distribution network must determine the active optimal scheduling strategy.

Methods

This work proposes an active optimization scheduling model for the distribution network by considering the regulation capacity of the main network. In terms of the optimisation objectives, the maximum consumption of the distributed PVs and minimum power fluctuation at the demarcation point of the main distribution network are proposed as the main objectives, while the minimum total exchanged power in a cycle at the main distribution demarcation point and minimum distribution network loss are considered as the secondary objectives. In terms of constraints, it is proposed that the main network’s regulation capacity be characterized by the main network’s gas-fired unit creep constraints. A fast solution method for active optimization of the distribution network is designed herein to formulate the priority control order of the adjustable units according to the dispatch economic performances of various types of adjustable resources in the distribution network; this reduces the number of variables involved in the optimization at each step and improves the optimized solution speed.

Results

Finally, Simulation verification by IEEE 33-node distribution network arithmetic example based on Matlab simulation platform.

Discussion

Simulation results show the effectiveness of the method in achieving maximum PV consumption and reflecting the limited regulation capacity of the main grid.
A model predictive control based MPPT technique for novel DC-DC converter and voltage regulation in DC microgrid
Authors: Bhagwan Kunte Abhijit , Manthati Udaya Bhasker , Alsaif Faisal
Published: August 2024

This work presents a system design for extracting maximum power using the modified maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique and a novel high-gain DC-DC converter, which was then used to supply a microgrid system with a conventional buck converter. We present a novel structure comprising the MPPT, voltage boosting, and voltage regulating components for a DC microgrid in a single system. The most important features of a photovoltaic (PV) system include a high-gain converter and maximum PV power extraction; considering these, we present a high-gain DC-DC converter that boosts the output voltage to ten times the input voltage. Furthermore, the MPPT technique extracts maximum power from the PV panel based on model predictive control through its better transient response than the conventional incremental conductance method. The MPPT approach was tested with both fixed- and variable-step operations, and the results were compared for load variations. Considering the economics of the system, the proposed approach attempts cost reduction by optimizing the number of sensors to two instead of three. Simulations were conducted under different environmental conditions using MATLAB-Simulink, and the performance differences between the conventional incremental conductance and proposed MPPT-based methods are shown. Next, DC voltage regulation was implemented for the proposed PV and existing systems by considering different load and irradiation conditions while maintaining constant temperature. The simulation results showed the latter system had better performance than the former under different environmental conditions, with persistent results for voltage regulation at different load and irradiation conditions.
The complete mitochondrial genomes of three Evacanthini species, Evacanthus bivittatus, Carinata ganga, and Carinata recurvata, and phylogenomic analysis of the Evacanthini
Authors: Jiang Sai , Li Ran , Jiang Lina , Wang Wei , Liu Yongcheng , Yang Yuewei , Xing Jichun , Li Zizhong , Li Yujian
Published: August 2024

The mitochondrial genome is recognized for its utility in insect molecular research, due to its distinctive features, including fast evolutionary rate, low recombination, and maternal inheritance. In this study, we explored the mitochondrial genome in the context of the leafhopper subfamily Evacanthinae, which is significant in the agricultural pest sector due to the direct and indirect damage caused to plants by its species. We present complete mitochondrial genome sequences for three species: Evacanthus bivittatus, Carinata ganga, and Carinata recurvata. Comparative analyses of nucleotide composition, codon usage of protein coding genes (PCGs), nucleotide diversity, transfer RNA secondary structure, and gene overlap were conducted. To understand phylogenetic relationships among species, we constructed phylogenetic trees using nucleotide sequences from the 13 PCGs of the genomes newly sequenced in this study alongside other available leafhopper genome sequences. Phylogenetic analysis supported monophyly of the Evacanthinae subfamily and suggested a close relationship between the Evacanthini and Nirvanini tribes. Our research indicates that anticodon differences in trnS1 are insufficient to serve as taxonomic markers for distinguishing between these two tribes. This study contributes valuable genetic data supporting ongoing investigations into genetic diversity, molecular evolution, and species identification, while laying groundwork for future taxonomic and evolutionary endeavors within Cicadellidae.
Public perception of forest assisted migration (FAM): a useful approach which requires cautious implementation?
Authors: Moreira Felipe Jovani Tavares , Bissonnette Jean-François , Raymond Patricia , Munson Alison Dale
Published: August 2024

Forest Assisted Migration (FAM) emerges as a promising strategy of adaptation to climate change (CC) in the forestry sector. This method integrates various sources of knowledge to identify optimal locations for future tree species establishment through human intervention. As climate change presents numerous challenges to Quebec’s forests, including shifts in suitable habitats for tree species, the FAM recommends a proactive approach to adapt to these changes. Recognizing the importance of addressing risks and following international resolutions, such as the Paris Agreement on Climate Change (COP21) and Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), social perception becomes a critical consideration in the decision-making process regarding FAM. To investigate this issue, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 18 key stakeholders in Quebec, including officials from the Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry, employees of private forestry technical companies, forestry researchers, private forest owners, non-governmental organizations (NGO) members, and other forest stakeholders. We analyzed the data collected in this phase through thematic discrimination, focusing on (i) acceptability (ii) risk perception (iii) feasibility, and (iv) purpose. Then, we compared the discourses with data from other publications addressing the social aspects of FAM. To develop this reflection, we found it important to use a conceptual framework that encompasses the articulation among some concepts of intervention through FAM vs. non-intervention, public trust in government authorities, risk perception and scientific knowledge. The interviews revealed a general inclination among stakeholders to support FAM, dependent upon cautious implementation with pilot projects and studies serving as references for future large-scale applications. Concerns raised by stakeholders included seed production, adequate experimental monitoring, and careful species selection. While some stakeholders were more knowledgeable about current FAM research, others emphasized the importance of economic viability, public participation in decision-making, and transparency in forestry processes. We identified communication and public involvement as fundamental aspects for advancing the perspective of FAM implementation in Quebec; it is crucial to recognize the presence of humans in FAM target areas and their potential contributions to implementation. Moving forward, forest authorities responsible for FAM should prioritize stakeholder engagement at all levels to ensure a socially inclusive strategy of adaptation that respects a wide range of considerations.
Mycorrhizal inoculation and fertilizer microdosing interactions in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) under greenhouse conditions
Authors: Ndiaye Malick , Mollier Alain , Diouf Adama , Diop Tahir Abdoulaye
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Soil fertility is a major constraint to agricultural development in the Sahel region of Africa. One alternative to reducing the use of mineral fertilizers is to partially replace them with microbes that promote nutrition and growth, such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). Mineral fertilizer microdosing is a technique developed to enhance fertilizer efficiency and encourage smallholder farmers to adopt higher mineral fertilizer applications.

Methods

A pot experiment was set up to study the effects of AMF inoculation on the mineral nutrition of pearl millet under mineral fertilizer microdosing conditions. The experimental setup followed a randomized complete block design with five replicates. The treatments tested on millet were an absolute control and eight microdoses derived from the combination of three doses of 15- 10-10 [nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK)] mineral fertilizer (2 g, 3 g, and 5 g per pot), three doses of urea (1 g, 2 g, and 3 g per pot), and three doses of organic manure (OM) (200 g, 400 g, and 600 g), combined with and without AMF (Rhizophagus irregularis and Rhizophagus aggregatum). The parameters studied were growth, root colonization by AMF, and mineral nutrition. Plant height, stem diameter, root dry biomass, and percentage of root mycorrhization were measured.

Results and discussion

The results revealed a significant effect of the fertilizers on the growth of pearl millet compared to the control. AMF and OM treatments resulted in the highest biomass production. AMF combined with microdoses of NPK improved N and calcium (Ca) concentrations, while their combination with organic matter mainly improved the K concentration. Combining AMF with microdosed NPK and compost enhanced zinc (Zn) and nickel (Ni) concentrations. Root colonization varied from 0.55 to 56.4%. This investigation highlights the positive effects of AMF inoculation on nutrient uptake efficiency when combined with microdosing fertilization.
Pulmonary miRNA expression after polytrauma depends on the surgical invasiveness and displays an anti-inflammatory pattern by the combined inhibition of C5 and CD14
Authors: Zhou Nan , Groven Rald V. M. , Horst Klemens , Mert Ümit , Greven Johannes , Mollnes Tom Eirik , Huber-Lang Markus , van Griensven Martijn , Hildebrand Frank , Balmayor Elizabeth R.
Published: August 2024

Background

Respiratory failure can be a severe complication after polytrauma. Extensive systemic inflammation due to surgical interventions, as well as exacerbated post-traumatic immune responses influence the occurrence and progression of respiratory failure. This study investigated the effect of different surgical treatment modalities as well as combined inhibition of the complement component C5 and the toll-like receptor molecule CD14 (C5/CD14 inhibition) on the pulmonary microRNA (miRNA) signature after polytrauma, using a translational porcine polytrauma model.

Methods

After induction of general anesthesia, animals were subjected to polytrauma, consisting of blunt chest trauma, bilateral femur fractures, hemorrhagic shock, and liver laceration. One sham group (n=6) and three treatment groups were defined; Early Total Care (ETC, n=8), Damage Control Orthopedics (DCO, n=8), and ETC + C5/CD14 inhibition (n=4). Animals were medically and operatively stabilized, and treated in an ICU setting for 72 h. Lung tissue was sampled, miRNAs were isolated, transcribed, and pooled for qPCR array analyses, followed by validation in the individual animal population. Lastly, mRNA target prediction was performed followed by functional enrichment analyses.

Results

The miRNA arrays identified six significantly deregulated miRNAs in lung tissue. In the DCO group, miR-129, miR-192, miR-194, miR-382, and miR-503 were significantly upregulated compared to the ETC group. The miRNA expression profiles in the ETC + C5/CD14 inhibition group approximated those of the DCO group. Bioinformatic analysis revealed mRNA targets and signaling pathways related to alveolar edema, pulmonary fibrosis, inflammation response, and leukocytes recruitment. Collectively, the DCO group, as well as the ETC + C5/CD14 inhibition group, revealed more anti-inflammatory and regenerative miRNA expression profiles.

Conclusion

This study showed that reduced surgical invasiveness and combining ETC with C5/CD14 inhibition can contribute to the reduction of pulmonary complications.
Elevated plasma levels of IP-10 and MIG are early predictors of loss of control among elite HIV controllers
Authors: Poveda Eva , Fitzgerald Wendy , Alonso-Domínguez Jacobo , Aguayo-Arjona José , Mariño Ana , Álvarez Hortensia , Valcarce Nieves , Pérez Alexandre , Ruiz-Mateos Ezequiel , Margolis Leonid , Lederman Michael M. , Freeman Michael L.
Published: August 2024

Plasma cytokine levels were quantified among 30 persons with HIV (PWH) identified as elite controllers (15 transient controllers [studied a median of 1.38 years before losing viral control] and 15 persistent controllers). Thirty antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naive PWH, 30 ART-treated PWH with undetectable viremia, and 30 HIV-uninfected controls also were studied. Higher levels of cytokines were recognized among PWH than among controls, with EC displaying the highest levels. Elevated levels of IP-10 and MIG were identified among transient controllers as predictors of the loss of viral control. These findings offer feasible biomarkers for predicting virologic outcome and loss of control in EC.
Cytokine and chemokine profiles in pulmonary tuberculosis with pre-diabetes
Authors: Rajamanickam Anuradha , Kothandaraman Sanaadhan P. , Kumar Nathella Pavan , Viswanathan Vijay , Shanmugam Sivakumar , Hissar Syed , Nott Sujatha , Kornfeld Hardy , Babu Subash
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant health concern in India, and its complexity is exacerbated by the rising occurrence of non-communicable diseases such as diabetes mellitus (DM). Recognizing that DM is a risk factor for active TB, the emerging comorbidity of TB and PDM (TB-PDM) presents a particular challenge. Our study focused on the impact of PDM on cytokine and chemokine profiles in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis TB) who also have PDM.

Materials and methods

We measured and compared the cytokine (GM-CSF, IFN-γ, IL-1α/IL-1F1, IL-1β/IL-1F2, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-13, IL-17/IL-17A, IL-18/IL-1F4, TNF-α) and chemokine (CCL1, CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL11, CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11) levels in plasma samples of TB-PDM, only TB or only PDM using multiplex assay.

Results

We observed that PDM was linked to higher mycobacterial loads in TB. Patients with coexisting TB and PDM showed elevated levels of various cytokines (including IFNγ, TNFα, IL-2, IL-17, IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, IL-18, and GM-CSF) and chemokines (such as CCL1, CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL11, CXCL1, CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11). Additionally, cytokines such as IL-18 and GM-CSF, along with the chemokine CCL11, were closely linked to levels of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), hinting at an interaction between glycemic control and immune response in TB patients with PDM.

Conclusion

Our results highlight the complex interplay between metabolic disturbances, immune responses, and TB pathology in the context of PDM, particularly highlighting the impact of changes in HbA1c levels. This emphasizes the need for specialized approaches to manage and treat TB-PDM comorbidity.
Stability of marsh edge berms constructed from fine-grained dredged sediment
Authors: Perkey David W. , Tedesco Lenore P. , Fall Kelsey A. , Huff Thomas P. , Chasten Monica A.
Published: August 2024

Due to observed impacts of sea level rise, many sediment management strategies in coastal settings are seeking ways to beneficially use locally dredged sediment in restoration, nourishment, and construction projects. The placement of sediment in shallow, near-marsh areas is a promising application of dredged material to both increase accretion and provide protection to marshes and intertidal flats in back bay areas. However, dredged material in these areas often include fine-grained (<63 μm) sediments (FGS), that frequently raise questions concerning dispersion, stability, and environmental impact of the placement project. In 2020, approximately 30,500 m3 of FGS from the New Jersey Intracoastal Waterway (NJIWW) was placed along the southern edge of Gull Island, New Jersey to evaluate the feasibility of using FGS for beneficial use projects in near marsh environments. Gull Island was experiencing extensive marsh edge erosion through margin collapse. The placement was unconfined and resulted in the formation of two intertidal muddy berm-like features up to 0.7 m thick along more than 500 m of marsh. Bathymetric surveys showed that approximately 60-70% of the berm volume remained 36 months after placement, however maximum berm thickness reduced to ~0.5 m. Field monitoring performed during construction found that turbidity plumes were localized to within 100 m of the placement site and sediment cores collected in June 2022 did not show systemic winnowing from the berm surface. Laboratory and field observations indicated that the berm material was cohesive in nature and produced large aggregates upon erosion, limiting the dispersal of FGS. Observations of current velocities and waves in the area indicate a low energy system such that the cohesive berm was largely resistant to erosion and that reduction in berm volume was largely due to consolidation and compaction. This suggests that shallow water features can be constructed with FGS in similar low energy environments with limited dispersal during and following construction, while being robust enough to help stabilize the marsh edge and improve marsh survivability against sea level rise.
New perspective on the recent challenges of regional environmental management plans under the background of deep-sea mining: from Northwest Pacific to global
Authors: Zhou Wencui , Li Tianzhao , Qi Xuewei
Published: August 2024

With the utilization of the mineral resources of the international seabed area entering a new phase of exploitation, the international community’s concern for the protection of the marine environment in the international seabed area has also reached an unprecedented level. Regional Environmental Management Plans (REMPs), formulated by the International Seabed Authority (ISA), are considered as an important component of marine environmental protection in the deep seabed. However, REMPs are faced with challenges in practice under the background of deep-sea mining. In this work, we review the historical evolution of REMP, sort out the challenges faced by REMP from NWP to global and provide our suggestions to solve these issues. Specifically, the difficulties in the Northwest Pacific (NWP) REMP are mainly located in the lack of environmental scientific data. Meanwhile, from a global perspective, besides difficulties in local region, such as NWP, REMPs are facing more challenges, such as the arguments about the legal force of REMPs, conflicts between REMPs and the BBNJ Agreement, as well as absence of regulations for balancing exploitation and conservation. Focus on these challenges, suggestions are proposed including using the ISA to coordinate the application between REMPs and BBNJ Agreement and using the principle of scientific evidence to improve the regulations of REMPs. This work not only introduces a new insight for improving the framework system for the protection of the marine environment in the international seabed area, but also provides a reference for the solution to new challenges in the field of marine environmental protection.
Case report: Human seminal plasma allergy diagnosis for a woman with unexplained infertility
Authors: Didziokaite Gabija , Kuznecovaite Aida , Biliute Gabija , Kvedariene Violeta
Published: August 2024

Background

Infertility is a pressing global public health concern, affecting millions worldwide, and the diagnosis of unexplained infertility poses particular challenges. Human seminal plasma allergy, a rarely diagnosed type I hypersensitivity reaction, emerges as a potential but often overlooked contributor to female infertility. With rare reported cases globally, the condition’s low awareness and insufficient differential diagnosis may mask its actual prevalence.

Case report

This case report presents the clinical case of a 29-year-old woman with unexplained infertility who underwent two unsuccessful IVF procedures and was subsequently diagnosed with human seminal plasma allergy. The patient, known for bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis exacerbated by inhalant allergens, exhibited eosinophilia and a history of local allergy symptoms (burning sensation, vulvar pruritus, edema, and general discomfort) as well as sneezing and nasal congestion following unprotected intercourse—symptoms compatible with human seminal plasma allergy. Molecular allergy diagnostics revealed pronounced sensitization to dust mites and Can f 5, a canine-specific allergen. A positive skin prick test using her partner’s sperm confirmed the diagnosis of human seminal plasma allergy. The patient’s medical history also includes mild endometriosis, raising questions about the interplay between allergic conditions and fertility. Treatment options such as barrier contraception, antihistamine therapy, and sperm desensitization are discussed.

Conclusion

Highlighting the need for increased awareness among healthcare professionals, this case emphasizes the significance of reporting and sharing clinical experiences to enhance our understanding of this rare condition. As researchers continue to accumulate relevant information, a more comprehensive understanding of human seminal plasma allergy and its potential impact on female fertility will contribute to improved diagnostic protocols and expanded treatment options. This case report contributes to the growing body of knowledge surrounding this rare allergy, serving as a reminder of possible intricate relationships between allergic conditions and reproductive health.