bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anemia and It's Risk Factors among Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus, Alkhair Medical Center, Wad Medani, Gezira State, Sudan (2020)
Authors: Mohamedahmed Khalid Abdelsamea , Mohammed Rumisa Mobashar , Talha Albadawi Abdebagi
Published: July 2022

Background: Anemia is one of the common complications of diabetes mellitus, and their risk in diabetic patients is estimated to be 2 – 3 times higher than that of patients without diabetes. Therefore, having a major impact on the overall health and survival of diabetes patients. Globally, the prevalence of concurrent anemia and diabetes mellitus ranges from 14 – 45% in various ethnic populations worldwide. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of anemia among type II diabetic patients.Methodology: This is a cross-sectional laboratory-based study conducted in Alkhair Medical Center, Wad Medani, Gezira State, Sudan during March to December 2020 among 100 type II diabetic patients ((32 males and 68 females) their ages ranged between 30 and 90 years with mean (52.26 ± 13.58 years). Three ml of venous blood samples were collected from all participants in K3EDTA containers. A thin blood film was prepared and stained immediately. The RBCs parameters were performed using Sysmex XP-300 Automated Hematology Analyzer. SPSS computer program (v 25.0) was used for data analysis. Results: The study results showed that the prevalence of anemia among patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus were 7 (7 %). 6 (85.7 %) patients had mild anemia, and one (14.3 %) had moderate anemia according to clinical degree of anemia based on hemoglobin level. 4 (57.14 %) patients had microcytic hypochromic anemia, and 2 (28.57 %) patients had normocytic normochromic anemia and one (14.29 %) patients had macrocytic anemia based on RBCs indices and morphology. The prevalence of anemia is more in female (7.35 %) than male (6.25 %). Conclusion: The study concluded that anemia among patients with type II Diabetes Mellitus was 7 %, mostly mild and microcytic hypochromic anemia; so improve their nutrition status among diabetic patients may help in reducing the anima during diabetes.
Prediction of Intraductal Carcinomas of the Breast That Will Not Evolve to Invasive Carcinomas
Authors: Vilardell Felip , Iglesias Edelmiro , Canosa Carles , Urdanibia Izaskun , Martínez Montserrat
Published: July 2022

Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast is a malignant neoplastic proliferation of cells with a ductal phenotype, which is confined to the epithelial compartment of ducts and acini. DCIS is regarded as a nonobligate precursor of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) of the breast. Currently it is not possible to predict which DCIS will progress to IDC, and so the vast majority of patients with DCIS undergo surgical resection and radiation therapy. DCIS and IDC share most of the genetic alterations, including somatic mutations, genetic expression profiles and genetic copy number alterations. Our aim was to find a genetic mutational profile that could help to predict which DCIS will progress to IDC and which will not. Individuals with a predicted probability of DCIS synchronous with IDC of 0.5 or lower were found to be those with a mutation in 38138689 (POSTN), and no mutation in either 151851109 (KMT2C), 187524525 (FAT1) or 55139771 (PDGFRA).
Catchment-scale mechanistic predictions of microplastic transport and distribution across land and water
Authors: Nizzetto Luca , Norling Magnus , Hurley Rachel , Schell Theresa , Futter Martyn , Rico Andreu , Vighi Marco , Blanco Alberto , Ledesma José
Published: July 2022

Soils are the main recipients of microplastic pollution that is subsequently transferred to aquatic ecosystems. Land-based sources dominate microplastics inputs to the ocean but knowledge gaps about their accumulation in soil, run-off and in-stream transport has hindered assessments of regional/global distributions and marine ecosystem exposure. These gaps must be filled to prioritize environmental protection actions. Here we present the first successful predictions of microplastic land to water transport assessed against empirical data at catchment scale. Predictions were generated by a mechanistic model that accounts for climate, hydrology, soil/microplastic erosion and sediment/microplastic transport. The model assimilates the latest knowledge on microplastic behavior in soil and stream water as a function of particle size, shape and density. After calibrating to monitoring data, we predict microplastic concentrations and temporal trends in water and sediments with typical error factors below 2 and 10, respectively. Next, we used the model to draw the first robust landscape-scale assessment of microplastic budgets and flows. Soils and sediments typically retain between 10-40% of total microplastic inputs over a multi annual period with strong fluctuations linked to climate variability. Despite uncertainties that remain for some parameters, we prove that mechanistic frames assimilating the state of the art on microplastic environmental behavior can currently yield credible predictions of their flows and budget. These findings are key to draw robust assessments of present and future microplastic distributions across terrestrial and aquatic environments and solve current hindrances to both risk assessment and the definition of pollution reduction measures.
Modeling Cardiac Pacemakers With Timed Coloured Petri Nets And Related Tools
Authors: Assiri Mohammed , Janicki Ryszard
Published: July 2022

The Software Quality Research Laboratory at McMaster University proposed the pacemaker system specification as a pilot problem for the Verified Software Initiative. This research utilizes formal methods to model and verify the interdisciplinary requirements of pacemaker systems. It additionally provides customizable data to assess and optimize various algorithms and parameters.
Boston Scientific vs. Coloplast implants: A Prospective Analysis of a High-Volume Surgeon’s Inflatable Penile Prosthesis Experience.
Authors: Gheiler Edward , Lopez Joseph , Bansal Utsav , Brunner Robert , Luna Eusebio , Khera Mohit , Hernandez Hunter , Bainco Fernando , Carvajal Alejandro
Published: July 2022

We compare using a prospective data collection the likelihood of infection and short-term revision in inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP) placements when using AMS 700 TM CX series versus Coloplast Titan®. The study included the first-time IPP implantations using both implants performed between January 2017 and December 2019. The surgeon alternated the implants every other week, and the patients were divided into two cohorts based on implant company for comparison and study. Data were collected on patient demographics, implant characteristics, perioperative features, and complications. Follow-up was carried out at 6 weeks, 3 months, and then annually. A total of 542 patients underwent IPP implantations during the two years, 301 (56%) were performed using AMS 700TMCX and 241 (44%) using Coloplast Titan®. There was only one (0.18%) case complicated by infection. Seven cases (1.3%) required revision, five had been done using AMS 700TM CX implants. Overall, the most common reason for revision was tube fracture (n=3). Diabetes, case time, reservoir type, and reservoir location were not significant prognostic factors for revision (p>0.05). We concluded that regarding manufacturing companies the risk of infection is not affected. Diabetes and drain placement for three days did not increase the risk of infection or overall revision.
Modeling and Simulation of the Effect of Scan Strategy on Spatter Movement in Laser Powder Bed Fusion
Authors: Cen Weihong , Liu Yangzhong , Yan Honghao , Zhou Zirong , Zhou Zhukun , Shang Xin , Chen Shenggui , Long Yu
Published: July 2022

Multi-laser powder layer bed fusion (M-LPBF) has wide application prospects in aerospace, biomedical and industrial fields, dramatially improving the efficency of LPBF. However, the spatter still weakens the quality of the built part. With different scanning strategies, spatter distributed in various printing locations may result in compromised processing. By far, in existing spatter models, spatters are assumed as fixed particle size or multiple fixed injection angles, which do not adapt well to the spatter injection from the melt pool. Therefore, spatter injection models with three different particles with 300 in 28µm, 500 in 55µm and 1300 in 114µm, three different initial velocities and three angle ranges are developed to simulate with gas flow under six different scanning strategies. In gas-solid coupling simulation, the spatter injection model as discrete phase and N2 as continuous phase are calculated through passing information together. Particles ejection are in line with the spatter observed by others with high speed camera. It shows that particles with average particles with 63 in 28µm, 116 in 55µm and 398 in 114µm desiposit on the base, respectively. Its removal rates out of base are 79.0%, 76.8% and 69.4%, respectively. Besides, particles in 114µm deposit more on the start side of the scanning tracks under the scanning strategy of perpendicular to gas flow than others. Most particles deposit closer to the oulet with counter gas flow. The result will provide an important reference value for M-LPBF in the way of optimizing scanning strategy to reduce the impact of spatters.
White tea extract modified green synthesis of magnetite supported Ag nanoparticles: evaluation of its catalytic activity, antioxidant and anti-colon cancer effects
Authors: Hou De-Zhi , Ling Ping , Zhu Yu , Ouyang Yi-Ming , Karmakar Bikash
Published: July 2022

Herein, we have demonstrated an eco-friendly procedure for the synthesis of White tea plant extract modified and Ag nanoparticles (NPs) fabricated magnetic nanocomposite (Fe3O4@W.tea/Ag). The plant derived phytochemicals acted as bio-reductant and stabilizer in situ. The resulting nanocomposite was characterized by various analytical methods like FESEM, EDX, TEM, VSM, XRD, and ICP-AES analysis. The as-synthesized bio-nanomaterial was used as an excellent heterogeneous and magnetically retrievable catalyst in the three-component condensation of 4-hydroxycoumarin, malononitrile and various aldehydes in refluxing aqueous media. The material was easily magnetically retrievable and recycled for 8 successive times without significant loss in catalytic activity. After the chemical applications we also explored the material biologically in the resistance of human colon cancer and thereby studied the cytotoxicity over two standard cell lines, HT-29 and Caco-2. The conventional MTT assay was carried out over them which revealed an increase in % cell viability dose dependently. The IC50 values observed in the two cell lines were 384.2 μg/ml and 254.6 μg/ml respectively. In addition, DPPH radical scavenging test was performed for studying anti-oxidant activity, using BHT as the positive control. The results validate the administration of Fe3O4@W.tea/Ag nanocomposite as a competent colon protective drug in the clinical trial studies over human.
Suppression or aggression: Qualitative investigation of emotion expression among Iranian female adolescents.
Authors: Aghatabay Rabea , Vaezi Aliakbar , Rahimi Mehdi , Mahmoodabad Seyed Saeed Mazloomy , Fallahzadeh Hosein , Alizadeh Somayeh
Published: July 2022

Objectives: Emotion expression is a critical element of adaptive emotion regulation and is positively related to psychosocial well-being. This study was conducted following another cross-sectional study by the researchers which revealed that in female adolescents in Yazd, Iran, the expression of emotions is weak. The aim of this study was to learn more about barriers to expressing emotions in female adolescent students, from their point of view, in Yazd. Design: Data were collected using two focused-group discussions, as well as six individual interviews. Results: The theme “barriers to expressing emotions in the proper ways” was obtained from the data which consisted of three categories including lack of skills, lack of knowledge and planning, and wrong attitudes. Lack of skills comprises two subcategories; “aggression due to poor communication skills” and “silence due to weakness of assertiveness skills”. Similarly, wrong attitudes encompass two subcategories; “aggression due to wrong attitudes” and “silence due to wrong attitudes”. Conclusion: The results of the present study can provide researchers and policy makers with a useful guide for development of effective interventions to promote proper emotion expression in female adolescents.
Real time PCR for confirmation of host genes expression obtained from Microarray data analysis in Herpes Simplex Virus type 6-infected human whole blood cells obtained from children under five years in Tehran province, Iran
Authors: Chenari Maryam , Rezaie Farhad , Foroushani Abbas Rahimi , Mozhgani Sayed-Hamidreza , Parhizgari Najme , Saburi Azam , Mokhtariazad Talat
Published: July 2022

HHV-6 virus belongs to the Beta herpes family and is a major cause of Exanthema Subitum or Roseola with high fever in children under three years old. It can cross the blood-brain barrier for this reason 15% of children develop acute febrile seizures during the febrile phase. Investigation pathogenesis of this virus in febrile patients such as the most important genes cellular pathways and main cellular pathways can be complete information on the diagnostic also therapeutic methods of the virus. For this purpose, after obtaining 11 genes with up-regulation expression important role related fever mediated HHV-6 by Microarray DNA analysis in GSE40396, we compared the expression of these genes in HHV-6 positive patients to the healthy control group.Material and MethodHHV-6 DNA was investigated in 100 whole blood samples in children under five years by Nested PCR in 2 rounds, RNA was extracted from HHV-6 positive samples, Syber green Real-Time PCR on 12 cDNA samples from patients and normal groups was conducted, and results analyzed by GraphPad prism and SPSS software.ResultThe hypothetical model shows 11 genes including AIM2, ZBP1, CASP5, GSDMD, GBP1, IL-1b, IL-18, IL-33, IFN-a, IFN-B, IRF7 are interacted with each other and in the path leading to HHV-6-induced fever. In this study, the expression of these genes showed that all of these genes except GBP1 were overexpressed. The results of molecular and statistical tests also showed that the prevalence of acute HHV-6 infection in whole blood samples from children under five in Iran is 15% with an average of ten months. ConclusionMacrophages play an important role in the development of HHV-6 fever and its mechanism through communication with PGE2. This model shows only the signaling pathways and important genes involved in the development of fever. expression of AIM-2, IL-1B, IL-33, and IRF-7 genes increased significantly following HHV-6 infection.
Design and Analysis of Low Power FINFET SRAM with Leakage Current Reduction Techniques
Authors: Chandra K.Sarath , Kishore Kakarla Hari
Published: July 2022

This article provides the development and examination of low-power FINFET SRAM with leakage current reduction techniques. The CMOS properties do not hold up well at lesser technology nodes due to scalability. Investigators are seeking alternatives to counteract the negative impacts of MOSFET scalability, and FINFET has been proven to be one of the ideal alternatives since it preserves less energy, removes short-channel effects, and minimizes leakage current. Since the number of portable gadgets that run on batteries has expanded dramatically, electronic items must be built to require minimal leakage power such that the gadget may run for extended periods of time. Initially, a 6t CMOS SRAM was designed and calculated for all the parameters. Later, DGFINFET SRAM was designed, and it can be observed that, compared with the CMOS-based design, the dynamic power dissipated by the FinFET-based 6T cell is reduced by 1.6 times, but it has equivalent static power dissipation. That is, the FinFET based 6T cell design significantly consumes less power than the conventional design. Also, it has 18% better hold SNM and 26% better RSNM, but its write SNM is 19% less than the CMOS 6T cell, showing that the FinFET based design has feeble writing ability. As a result, the FINFET SRAM was examined using various leakage current reduction strategies, resulting in a decrease in leakage current. Various leakage current minimization strategies are examined in order to minimize leaking current, and the suggested technique is shown to be the optimum for the development of low leakage current minimization that results in lower power leakage.
Post-Oil Period in Azerbaijan: Economic Transformations, Anti-Inflation Policy and Innovations Management
Authors: Aliyeva Abuhayat
Published: July 2022

Azerbaijan's economy is traditionally characterized by a high dependence on the oil industry. Thus, the revenues from producing and selling oil and oil products provided economic growth and financing for most consumer needs. However, the transition from the oil boom to the gradual decline of the oil industry has caused quite serious economic shocks and identified the need for significant structural transformations in the national economy. The article aims to study the potential of innovative development of Azerbaijan's economy in the post-oil period and to determine the priorities of the state's anti-inflationary policy. To test the hypothesis of the need to change the directions of economic regulation and anti-inflationary policy, a dynamic and structural analysis of key indicators of Azerbaijan's economic development (production, employment, exports, inflation, the balance of payments, government spending, etc.) during the oil boom and post-oil period was conducted. The structural transformations in the economy of Azerbaijan that have taken place over the past 20 years have been identified, which made it possible to put forward a hypothesis about the impact of world oil demand on the main parameters of the country's national economy. Regression analysis by the Newey West method (time-series data) revealed the specifics of the relationship between key indicators of oil industry development (oil production and sales, oil prices), inflation (consumer prices, exchange rate), production (structure and value-added of industry, investment, etc.), innovative development (expenditure on research and development, production and foreign trade of high-tech goods and services) and the social sector (government spending, employment, education) in two time periods: the oil boom (2005–2014) and the post-oil period (after 2014). It was proved that the transition from the oil boom to the post-oil period is associated with a change like cause-and-effect relationships between indicators of the development of the oil industry and several indicators of economic, innovative, and social development of Azerbaijan. Based on the identified changes in the specifics of causation, the directions of changing the priorities of state regulation of the economy in the context of overcoming inflation and ensuring the transition to an innovation-driven economy are substantiated.
Dexmedetomidine and the Combination of Benzodiazepine and Fentanyl in Elective Endovacular Stenting of the Coronary Arteries. Comparative Analysis
Authors: Tsarkov A. V. , Levit A. L.
Published: July 2022

The optimal method of anesthetic management in percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) is procedural analgosedation that in most cases is provided by the combination of benzodiazepine and an opioid analgesic. However, there are no protocols and recommendations for its implementation at this time.

The objective: to choose an adequate and safe method of analgosedation for elective endovascular stenting of coronary arteries.

Subjects and Methods. A randomized study was conducted from September 2021 to January 2022. The group where analgosedation with fentanyl and sibazon was used included 33 patients. 30 patients were enrolled in the group of analgosedation with dexmedetomidine. A comparison was made in terms of the level of sedation (RASS scale), hemodynamic parameters, blood oxygen saturation (SpO2), the incidence of anginal pain at the stage of stenting and the need for additional analgesia, and the level of serum troponin T.

Results. Dexmedetomidine significantly induces a deeper level of sedation (RASS -2) compared to the combination of benzodiazepine and fentanyl (RASS -1) at the stage of intracoronary stent placement (p < 0.001). In the group of analgosedation with dexmedetomidine, there was a statistically significant decrease in blood pressure and heart rate versus the group of analgosedation with fentanyl and sibazon (p < 0.05). Analgesia with narcotic analgesics was required 9.1 times lower (p =0.028) at the stage of installation of intracoronary stents in the group of dexmedetomidine analgosedation versus the group of fentanyl and sibazon analgosedation (OR 0.11; 95% CI 0.13–0.92).

Conclusion. Anesthesia for elective percutaneous coronary interventions with dexmedetomidine may be more adequate and safer than the combination of a benzodiazepine and an opioid analgesic. At the stage of coronary artery stenting, dexmedetomidine provides deeper sedation, significant prevention of the development of anginal pain, a pronounced hypotensive and negative chronotropic effect compared to analgosedation with fentanyl and sibazon.
Using the posterior TAP block for postoperative analgesia for major liver surgery in pediatrics
Authors: Bespalov E. K. , Zaitsev A. Yu. , Novikov D. I. , Dubrovin K. V. , Filin A. V.
Published: July 2022

Anesthesiological provision of pediatric liver surgery is associated with problems related to perioperative analgesia. Standard methods of anesthesia can have contraindications and complications.

The objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the posterior TAP block for postoperative analgesia in pediatric liver surgery.

Subjects and Methods. A prospective, single, blind, placebo-controlled pilot study was conducted. The participants were children aged 2 to 7 who underwent liver resection. The patients were divided into groups. In Control Group, combined anesthesia was performed. In Study Group, it was combined with a bilateral posterior TAP block. Pain in the postoperative period was assessed by the FLACC scale.

Results. The intensity of pain in the postoperative period was higher in Control Group. More patients required tramadol administration in Control Group. There was no difference in the occurrence of the PONV syndrome. No complications associated with the block were noted.

Conclusion. The posterior TAP block has a clinically significant analgesic effect and can be used for perioperative pain relief during pediatric liver surgery. This method is relatively safe. Impaired hemostasis system is not an absolute contraindication to a TAP block.
El Parque Paleolítico de Cupisnique, Perú Diez mil años de cambios ambientales en la costa peruana
Authors: Deza Jaime , Castañeda Víctor , Yenque Raúl , Velásquez Vladimir , Rodríguez Luciana , Guillermo Martha , Santolalla Jorge
Published: July 2022

El presente forma parte del proyecto general: Restos culturales y naturales de cambios ambientales en los desiertos de la costa peruana, como indicadores para una normatividad de gestión territorial (resolución rectoral UAP 21946 – 19 – UAP con fecha 22 de marzo de 2019) que se desarrolló con un equipo profesional interdisciplinario en el desierto de Cupisnique (Pacasmayo – Trujillo, Perú) los años 2019 - 2021, para responder a un problema de identificación territorial, luego de observar las frecuentes catástrofes producidas por avenidas de agua en períodos de lluvias intensas.
THE INFLUENCE OF LIQUIDITY, PROFITABILITY, SOLVENCY AND STOCK PRICES ON STOCK LIQUIDITY LQ 45
Authors: Juwita Anita , Pratama Putu Aditya
Published: July 2022

This research to determine the effect of liquidity, profitability, solvency and stock prices on stock liquidity of LQ45 for companies listed at the Indonesia Stock Exchange period 2013-2020. The research method uses a quantitative approach and the population were all LQ45 companies listed at the BEI period 2013-2020. The sampling method using non-probability sampling with purposive sampling technique. This study using secondary data of financial statements and analysis technique using panel data regression model Eviews 10. The results showed that liquidity and solvability not affect on stock liquidity of LQ45 companies. Profitability has a positive and significantly effect on stock liquidity of LQ45 companies and stock prices have negative and significantly effect on stock liquidity of LQ45 companies.
THE EFFECT OF BEHAVIOR, TRUST, AND LITERACY ABOUT PEER TO PEER LENDING ON FINANCIAL INCLUSION IN THE JAKARTA COMMUNITY
Authors: Sun Yen , Angelina Helen
Published: July 2022

This study aims to analyze the effect of behavior, trust, and literacy about peer to peer lending towards financial inclusion in Jakarta. This research uses SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) research method which is processed using PLS software. The sample used in this study were 150 respondents. The results showed that: (1) Behavior and literacy had a significant effect on financial inclusion. (2) Trust does not significantly effect on financial inclusion. It was concluded that the better public behavior in financial matters supported with the higher public literacy about peer to peer lending services had a positive influence on financial inclusion in Jakarta.
A New Approach to Developing the Quality of Yoghurts with Functional Ingredients
Authors: Dunchenko Nina , Yankovskaya Valentina
Published: July 2022

Only high-quality products are competitive, and competitive products have to meet all kinds of requirements, from regulatory documentation to consumer expectations. Functional foods, such as yogurt, are designed with targeted properties, which is a complex task that requires a methodologically universal approach. The research objective was to develop and test a new approach to developing the targeted properties in functional yoghurts.

The research featured a new technology and formulation of functional yogurt with sea buckthorn and cryopowdered germinated rye. The study involved qualimetric forecasting methodology, as well as standard quality assessment tools and methods.

The new approach included several stages: 1) identifying requirements for product quality and production processes, 2) analyzing discrepancy reports, 3) predicting the effect of quality-forming factors, and 4) developing universal solutions to ensure the required properties. The research resulted in a nomenclature of consumer expectation indicators and a comprehensive assessment formula. It revealed the reasons behind the poor quality of yogurt at different stages. The key requirements for yoghurt included: 1) high moisture-binding capacity, 2) natural functional ingredients that give the product high consumer properties and reduce the risk of microbiological spoilage. The article introduces a formulation and production technology for the new functional yogurt, which proved to have a high content of vitamin C, potassium, and β-carotene. The sensory evaluation demonstrated its high consumer properties.

The new approach to the development and production technology proved to be effective. It can be used in the design and quality control of yoghurts with functional ingredients.
Turning Urban Streets from Infrastructures into Living Places Early Research Outcomes of a Case Study in Prato, Tuscany
Authors: Paolinelli Gabriele , Fortuna Lorenza
Published: July 2022

In the second half of the twentieth century urban landscapes were affected by heavy infrastructural development. With regard to streets, managing the growing fluidity and speed of motor vehicle flows has been a priority for most designers. Nowadays there are multiple driving forces behind a transition that could accommodate different uses within the streets, primarily the cultural, social and economic exchanges that streets faciliated in the past but that have been lost over time. In the spreading practice called “shared street” most signage and traffic lights can be removed to permit the self-regulated and spontaneous circulation of all users and vehicles. This paradigm is discussed with regard to its potential to strengthen urban landscape identity, ensuring accessibility, redefining uses and practices within the street, reducing injuries and misbehaviour, and offering real and perceived safety to all users. “Back to the street” is an ongoing design research project dealing with integration strategies for different kinds of urban streetscapes. Which design features are necessary to encourage a change in attitude, speed and hierarchy for street users? How can these features positively affect urban landscapes in general and the liveability of streets first and foremost? The research attempts to answer these questions by considering street design as a means of triggering the effective enhancement of urban public spaces. The paper is based on the case study of Via San Paolo in Prato (Tuscany) and presents a set of quality requirements for street design such as plant integration, water drainage, and comfortable paths for both cyclists and pedestrians. As the design for separate flows cannot fulfill all the quality features in Via San Paolo, mostly due to its varying width, it is assumed that the “shared street” can replace it in order to enhance community life within the streets while promoting local sustainable mobility. The research examines two options: sharing the street in narrow stretches or along its whole length. A preliminary comparison is proposed to discuss the earlier research outcomes.
Sustainable Urban Development: Bioregionalistic Vision for Small Towns
Authors: Surekha C K
Published: July 2022

Cities and towns are the social constructs in regional settings. They physically manifest and exist as power centres through various layers of culture, economy, politics, and religion. There was a symbiotic relationship between the ‘setting’ and the ‘construct’ in the past. With time and advent of technology, haphazard developments led to degradation of ecological systems and have become a confronted affair. Global warming, its adverse effects and the constant references to the words ‘sustainability’ and ‘resilience’ pose questions on the existing planning models. Small towns experiencing a tremendous pressure of urbanisation and rich in natural resources, coherence and identity are fast changing. An indispensable change in the planning models is necessary to mitigate this existential crisis and condition the emerging urbanism in small towns sustainably. This paper unearths the role and possibilities of bioregional planning as a sustainable urban development paradigm and suggests few indicative parameters for envisioning bioregionalism in small towns.
Analysis Of Solar Radiation Towards Optimization and Location Of The Urban Blocks In The Neighborhood Units
Authors: Veisi Omid , Shakibamanesh Amir
Published: July 2022

Increasing population causes Energy consumption and environmental pollution. It is essential to consider renewable forms of energy, especially solar power, to reduce energy consumption. This requires attention to energy issues in the early stages of urban design and practical and creative solutions for more efficient use of this type of energy. This study aims at calculating the annual solar radiation at a city scale through a novel process and methodology. In this regard, artificial intelligence algorithms and satellite data can help maximize the amount of sunlight in neighborhoods and urban blocks in neighborhood units during the development process. In the simulation process, location, and optimization of the urban form, it is necessary to consider the limitations and resources for field study and simulation of urban blocks. Therefore, in this study, Farhangian neighborhood in phase 1 of Kermanshah, Iran, which has a good level of structural diversity and lends itself to field studies, was selected and studied at neighborhood and urban block scales. The case study indicates the significant role of calculating and optimizing the patterns of urban blocks to achieve maximum solar energy. Estimates at different levels show that urban block variables effectively access solar radiation energy and, given various scales of development - from macro-scale spatial planning to micro-scale local design - can improve energy intake by 3 to 5 percent. Accordingly, the results show that to accelerate the calculation of energy at the planning scale, the use of 2.5D locating model and 3D optimization contribute to achieving the maximum or minimum solar radiation, respectively. On the other hand, this method can be used to organize calculations and planning for maximum absorption of solar radiation at different stages of development.
A study on the strategies of Park City construction of Chengdu from the perspective of urban heat island mitigation
Authors: Wang Lichen , Gu Kangkang , Dong Dong
Published: July 2022

In the process of urbanization, various urban problems have become increasingly prominent, and the heat island effect is one of them. The expansion of urban land, the increase in construction intensity and the increase in population make the urban heat island effect even worse. The construction of park cities improves the ecological environment of the city and is considered to have a positive effect on alleviating the heat island effect, but it is not clear whether it has such an effect or not. This article explores whether the construction of Park City can help to improve the urban thermal environment effectively, and also, seek solutions for how to improve the construction of park cities so that the heat island effect can be better mitigated. Landsat8 remote sensing images in 2014 and 2019 were used to estimate the fractional vegetation cover (FVC) and land surface temperature (LST) in the Third Ring Road of Chengdu. Land use data were also introduced into the study to analyze LST changes in different surfaces and FVC.The results indicate that: (1) the area of the heat island zone in the Third Ring Road of Chengdu decreased by 0.91% from 2014 to 2019, and the area of the cold island zone increased by 17.89% ; (2) the urban blue-green space is conductive to mitigating the urban heat island effect, in which the water provides the best mitigation, while impervious surface and bare land may aggravate the urban heat island effect; (3) the FVC in the area of the Third Ring Road in Chengdu is on the rise as a whole, and there is a significant negative correlation between FVC and LST (p < 0.01). Based on the above results, this paper shows that Park City construction is beneficial to alleviate the urban heat island effect, and more attention should be paid to blue-green space layout and quality, along with urban ventilation and FVC control. Our results provide useful input for green space planning and the construction of Park City in the future.
Development of A User-Centered Design Framework for Palliative and Hospice Care Patients for a Better Quality of Life Experience
Authors: Abdel-Razek Shahira Assem
Published: July 2022

Goal Three of the Sustainable Development Goals emphasizes the concept of “leaving no one behind”; a model for inclusivity and coherence. Amongst those that are often “left behind” are patients at the end stage of their life due to a terminal illness or a medical diagnosis. These are often left to die without thought to the quality of life that they receive before their demise, and many experience this stage at home due to fear of expenses, or in a best-case scenario at a hospital to help alleviate or manage pain. In many places worldwide, this is where palliative and hospice care come in and focus on the End-of-Life care provided to patients who fit the criteria.The number of architecture and design related studies in this field are not numerous, and those that are there do not focus on the patient as a user with rights, but merely as a patient that is there. The concept of a user-centered design is forgotten in midst of all the pain and suffering of all concerned, namely, the patient, his beloved, and his caregivers. However, focusing on this nexus at the core of the design project may help promote this painful and stressful time in life and induce serenity and acceptance in a time that is often dark and ominous. This research aims to develop a design framework for places that deal with End-of-Life care and how to provide a better quality of End-of-Life experience for terminally ill patients.
Deficit irrigation with wastewater in direct sowed silage maize reduces CO2 emissions from soil by providing carbon savings
Authors: Yerli Caner , Sahin Ustun , Kiziloglu Fatih Mehmet , Oztas Taskin , Ors Selda
Published: July 2022

Direct sowing and deficit irrigation practices can reduce the effect of wastewater on CO2 emissions from soil by providing carbon savings. Therefore, the effect of domestic recycled wastewater uses at different levels in irrigation under conventional tillage and direct sowing practices on the CO2 emission from soil at the end of the vegetation period of silage maize was investigated by comparing it with full irrigation of fresh water. Both organic carbon and CO2 emissions in the second year in fully irrigated treatments were higher than those in the first year. The CO2 emission in the full irrigation with wastewater (0.263 g m−2 h−1), compared to full irrigation with fresh water and 33 and 67% deficit irrigations with wastewater, was higher at 23.4, 25.0, and 59.3%, respectively. Direct sowing practice also (0.193 g m−2 h−1) resulted in 17.0% less CO2 emissions compared to conventional tillage. The positive linear relationships of H2O emission and the soil moisture content at different depths (5, 10, and 20 cm) with CO2 emission were significant, and the negative relationships with the soil temperatures were also found. It has been concluded that deficit irrigation and direct sowing applications can be practical for reducing CO2 emissions from soil in wastewater irrigation conditions.
Benzoxazine: A Privileged Scaffold in Medicinal Chemistry
Authors: Tang Zilong , Tan Yuhuan , Chen Hongjuan , Wan Yichao
Published: July 2022

Background:

Benzoxazine is one of the most important privileged scaffolds in medicinal chemistry. Compounds bearing benzoxazine moiety usually have a variety of biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-tuberculosis, anti-oxidant and anti-cancer activities. The fascinating bioactivity profile of benzoxazine scaffold in various fields has prompted medicinal chemists to design and discover novel benzoxazine derivatives as potential therapeutic candidates with the desired biological properties.

Objective:

This review aimed to provide a comprehensive elucidation on the recent advances of benzoxazine derivatives in medicinal chemistry.

Method:

We have searched the recent literatures about benzoxazine derivatives from the online resources and databases, such as pubmed, scifinder and google scholar.

Conclusion:

Benzoxazine is a versatile structure and building block in medicinal chemistry. Benzoxazine derivatives have gained considerable attention from medicinal chemists due to their various pharmacological properties and multiple modification sites. This review might help medicinal chemists to seek for new drug candidates with better bioactivities and pharmacokinetics properties.
Expression of MCMs in Endometrial Cancer and its Biological Correlation
Analysis
Authors: Guo Ruixia , Zhen Yu , Fu Hanlin , Si Lulu , Lai Tianjiao , Chu Danxia
Published: July 2022

Purpose:

Minichromosome maintenance (MCM) has been demonstrated to be involved
in tumorigenesis and pathogenesis of many cancer types. However, the role of MCMs in endometrial
cancer (EC) has not been elucidated.

Materials and Methods:

We first employed GEPIA, cBioPortal, and R software to perform the differential
expression analysis, survival analysis, and gene alteration analysis of the MCMs family.
Then, GSE17025 and GSE63678 datasets and CTPAC were used to verify the mRNA and protein
expression levels of MCM4. In addition, the internal mechanism of the MCM4 was investigated by
comparing MCM4 expression-correlated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from GEPIA and
MCM4-interacted genes from STRING. Last, Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes
and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were performed to identify MCM4-related biological
processes.

Results:

Compared with normal tissues, only MCM2 and MCM4 expression were significantly upregulated
in EC tissues. High expression of MCM4 was related to worse clinicopathological features
and poor prognosis in EC cohorts. Additionally, a certain degree of gene alterations in the
MCM2-7 gene was observed. By comparing MCM4 expression-correlated DEGs and MCM4-
interacted genes, six genes were obtained: SSRP1, ORC1, GINS1, CDK2, DBF4 and GINS3.
Functional enrichment analysis suggested that MCM4 may be involved in regulating the biological
processes of DNA replication and the p53 signaling pathway.

Conclusion:

This was the first comprehensive study to disclose the biological effects of MCMs in
EC, indicating that MCM4 could be used as a new prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic
target for EC.
Stapled Surgery for Hemorrhoidal Prolapse: From the Beginning to Modern Times
Authors: Sturiale Alessandro , Fabiani Bernardina , Menconi Claudia , Cafaro Danilo , Celedon Porzio Felipe , Naldini Gabriele
Published: July 2022

Introduction:

Hemorrhoidal disease is the most common proctologic condition in
adults. Among the different surgical procedures, one of the greatest innovations is represented by
the stapled hemorrhoidopexy. The history of this technique started with a single stapler use passing
through a double stapler technique to resect the adequate amount of prolapse, finally coming to the
use of high volume devices.

Methods:

Nevertheless, each device has its own specific feature, the stapler is basically made up
with one or more circular lines of titanium staples whose height may be variable. The procedure is
based on different steps: Introduction of the CAD, evaluation of the prolapse, fashioning purse
string or parachute suture, the introduction of the stapler head beyond the suture, pull the wires
through the window, close the stapler and keep pulled the wires of the suture held together with forceps,
fire using two hands, open the stapler and remove it and check the staple line and then check
the specimen. One of the latest innovations in stapled surgery is Tissue Selective Therapy. It is a
minimally invasive procedure in which there is a partial circular stapled hemorrhoidopexy focused
on the prolapsing piles with bridges of normal mucosa left.

Results:

Several studies have reported that SH is a safe and effective procedure to treat hemorrhoidal
prolapse. It is a quicker procedure with a shorter hospital stay and earlier return to work if compared
with the conventional treatment. This is due to less postoperative pain, postoperative bleeding,
wound complications and constipation. Furthermore, the first generation devices had worse
outcomes if compared with those of the new generation stapler that showed lower postoperative
complication rates with better anatomical and symptomatic results.

Conclusions:

Stapled procedure for the treatment of symptomatic hemorrhoidal prolapse represents
one of the most important innovations in proctology of the last century bringing with it the new revolutionary
concept of the rectal intussusception as a determining factor involved in the natural history
of the disease. Stapled hemorrhoidopexy marked an era in which the surgeon may offer the patients
a safe, effective treatment with less pain and fast recovery.
A Review of Pyridine and Pyrimidine Derivatives as Anti-MRSA Agents
Authors: Kumar Pradeep , Kumar Adarsh , Singh Ankit Kumar , Thareja Suresh
Published: July 2022

Background:

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a gram-positive strain whose resistance against existing antibiotics is a major concern for the researchers across the globe. Gram-positive infections, particularly methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus spreading among S. aureus isolates, observed to increase exponentially from 29% in 2009 to 47% in 2014. Literature reviews revealed about 13-74% of worldwide S. aureus strains are Methicillin-resistant.

Objective:

In this article, we have summarized the mechanism of bacterium resistance, molecular targets to treat MRSA, and the activity of reported pyridine and pyrimidine derivatives against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Results:

The data collected for this study from online peer reviewed research articles and Molecular-docking study of reported anti-MRSA agents performed by using Maestro Module of Schrodinger software. Results of in silico studies showed that some pyridine derivatives having better binding interactions than standard anti-MRSA agents.

Conclusion:

Molecular docking studies of reported pyridine derivatives resulted in excellent hits for the development of novel anti- MRSA agents. Overall, this study will be immense importance for researchers working in design and development of target based anti-MRSA agents.
Reading comprehension in the linguistic expression of high school students
Authors: Bazurto-Minaya Luvy Gema , García-Loor María Alexandra
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this research was to reading comprehension in the linguistic expression of high school students of the "Eidan Abel Erique Cercado" educational unit. The results obtained from the research are shown, applied to teachers and students through a survey, as a way to publicize the link between the strategies to be used by teachers based on the teaching-learning process and the evaluation of the student skills, specifically reading comprehension. This research has a qualitative approach, the inductive, deductive, analytical, synthetic, bibliographic, and statistical method, taking as reference observations made in the Educational Unit. The objective of this research was to determine the behavior of reading comprehension and linguistic expression of students, it was found that reading comprehension is very important because this will allow them to overcome deficiencies in learning, literacy in a playful reflective way, dynamic and cooperative to strengthen their interpersonal relationships.