bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Características Fisiológicas y Antropométricas de Selección Estatal de Muaythai de Nuevo León, México
Authors: Durán-Suárez Ana , Rangel-Colmenero Blanca Rocío , Hoyos-Flores José Raúl , Hernández-Cruz German , Cruz-Castruita Rosa María , García-Dávila Myriam Zaraí
Published: June 2022

El rendimiento de los atletas de Muaythai se determinapor características fisiológicas y antropométricas, sin embargo, hemos encontrado un área de oportunidad en la búsqueda de estos datos, por ello, la información sobre los parámetros que deben presentar los peleadores de acuerdo a este deporte son de gran importancia. Objetivo: Conocer el estado de ánimo, síntomas gastrointestinales y sueño, así como características fisiológicas de la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca, sangre, orina, composición corporal y rendimiento físico de atletas de Selección Estatal de Muaythai de Nuevo León, México rumbo a un Campeonato Nacional. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo con 17 atletas (13 hombres y 4 mujeres) de la selección estatal de Muaythai del estado de Nuevo León, México (Edad: 18.65 ± 7.33 años, talla: 168 ± 4.21 cm, entrenamiento a la semana 12.62 ± 13.90 horas, competencias/año: 3.29 ± 1.79). Al inicio, contestaron tres cuestionarios online acerca del estado de ánimo, síntomas gastrointestinales y sueño. Posteriormente, se realizó una medición de la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca, toma de sangre y orina. Se evaluó la composición corporal mediante antropometría y se realizó una evaluación de salto con contramovimiento. Resultados: La orina presentó un valor de 1.028 ± 0.015 sg, así como un peso de 64.01 ± 7.03 kg y 57.38 ± 6.73 kg, % grasa de 10.11 ± 25.10% y 15.25 ± 3.27% , % músculo de 55.87 ± 5.88 y 38.86 ± 3.03 y un valor 30 ± 7.42 cm y 25.3 ± 9.08 cm en la altura de salto para hombres y mujeres respectivamente. Conclusión: Los peleadores se encuentran hipohidratados, así como con un peso y masa grasa mayor, además de una masa muscular y una altura del salto menor respecto las diversas disciplinas de combate a nivel mundial. Debido a lo anterior, es necesario establecer parámetros específicos para el Muaythai.
The life of a marginalized ransgender person (Suyambu) as focussed in the novel ‘Vaadamalli’
Authors: P Muthuraj
Published: June 2022

S. Samuthiran’s “Vaadamalli” is a novel that projects the difficulties and sufferings undergone by transgenders in this society. This world has differentiated men and women but hasn’t given recognition to transgenders. These transgenders have been suffering in society without getting proper recognition. They have been fighting to get equal rights as other genders and live normal human lives which have been denied to them by society. A particular society has even gone to the extent of ill-treating and teasing them in return for their fight for rights. These transgenders have been stamped as refugees and are people who live on the edge. If this society can recognize men and women it should give that equal recognition to these transgenders too. As we know X chromosome stands for women and Y for men. This is the scientific reality. An error in their chromosomal structures brings about these behavioral changes in them which are beyond their control and all these happenings are mere science. The transgenders fail every time they try to prove this in society. Like the character named “Suyambu” in the novel who fights for the rights of transgenders, there should be organizations who help them live a peaceful life. There are still limitations for transgenders, for instance, using a public toilet. They aren’t given jobs in all fields. To conclude, the feelings and rights of transgenders should be taken into consideration and respected. Before anyone in society accepts them, their own family should accept them to avoid criticism from society.
Ecology in Lakshmi Saravanakumar's novel ‘Kanagan’
Authors: A Raja Mohammed
Published: June 2022

The primary cause of deforestation is Man and also, he is the first to suffer from deforestation. The study is set to illustrate this under the title ‘Ecology in the Kanagan novel’. The novel sets out to explain who is responsible for deforestation and why they are doing it. The destruction of elephants at the instigation of big bosses also highlights the irresponsibility of forest officials who do not see them. The novel also reveals that the hill people, ‘Pali’, are being blamed for the ongoing deforestation and killing of elephants for their selfish ends. Along with these, the medical team that visits from time to time in the name of medical help can find out about the rare herbaceous plants in the forest, which are known to steal vines and eventually become extinct. The novel depicts the opposition of the hill people to this disgrace and sets out to bring about social change which is caused as a consequence of that. This article explains the role that elephants play in augmenting forest resources and the benefits they bring to wildlife. It also suggests that elephants have evolved into tools that work for humans during the twentieth century. Laws enacted by the government to protect wild elephants are being scrutinized in this review article. The tigers are threatened as an endangered species, revealing the steps taken by the government to protect the tigers. The study also says that the people have to protect the forests and the rare species of elephants and tigers that live in them from the brink of extinction.
Diamino-sübstitüe Halkalı Trifosfazen Türevlerinin Antimikrobiyal Aktivitelerinin Araştırılması
Authors: ÇETİN KILIÇASLAN Gülçin , DARCAN Cihan , KILIÇER Necibe , TURE Sedat
Published: June 2022

Hekzaklorosiklotrifosfazen [halkalı trimer, (N=PCl3)3, N3P3Cl6)] (1)'in alifatik primer diaminler [NH2-(CH2)n-NH2; n=2, 3 ve 5] ile tepkimelerinden bir mono-spiro (5); bir mono-ansa (10); iki dispiro (6 ve 8); bir spiro-ansa (11); iki tri-spiro (7 ve 9); ve bir tri-bino (12) türevi sentezlendi. Elde edilen fosfazen türevleri (5-12)’nin yapısı uygulanabilir spektroskopik yöntemler ( LC-MS, FT-IR, 1H ve 31P NMR) ile aydınlatıldı. Bileşikler (5-12)’in antimikrobiyal aktivitesi, üç farklı insan patojenine karşı (Escherichia coli W3110, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 ve Candida albicans ATCC 10231) Minimum İnhibitör Konsantrasyon (MİK) ve Minimum Sidal Konsantrasyon (MSK) değerlerinin belirlenmesi için mikrodilüsyon tekniği kullanılarak incelendi. Elde edilen sonuçlar, fosfazen türevleri (5-12)’nin belirtilen mikroorganizmalara karşı önemli aktivitelere sahip olduğunu gösterdi.
Comparative Quantum Chemical Analysis of Midaflur, a Fluorinated Aminoimidazoline
Authors: SERİN Sümeyya
Published: June 2022

Inspired by the striking achievements of fluorine-containing heterocyclic compounds in pharmaceutical chemistry, in this study quantum chemical calculations were carried out on the midaflur compound, which has skeletal-muscle relaxant and central nervous system (CNS) depressant properties. First of all, the total energy (ΔETotal), enthalpy (ΔH), and Gibbs free energy (ΔG) values for both tautomeric structures of midaflur were calculated and it was determined which form was more stable and the rest of the study was continued on this structure. For the stable amino form, the HF method and B3LYP/B3PW91 DFT functionals with different basis sets were used in order to examine the geometric parameters. The results were found to be in good agreement with the experimental values given in the literature. Furthermore, FT-IR analysis, Mulliken population analysis, frontier molecular orbital (FMO) analysis, natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis, nonlinear optical (NLO) properties, and electrostatic surface properties were studied in detail. In another part of the study, the logPow (logarithm of the n-octanol/water partition coefficient) value, which is the numerical expression of the lipophilicity of a drug for entry into the CNS, was estimated for midaflur. For this purpose, the calculations were repeated for the water and n-octanol phases using the universal solvation model based on density (SMD) for all the methodologies used in this study, and the free energies of solvation were predicted. It was concluded that the predictive power of the computational methods increased in the order of HF < B3PW91 < B3LYP.
AZ Serisi Döküm Magnezyum Alaşımlarının Termal Özellikleri
Authors: AKYÜZ Birol
Published: June 2022

Bu çalışmada, AZ serisi döküm magnezyum alaşımlarının ısıl davranışları (ısıl yayılma ve ısıl iletkenlik) üzerine deneysel bir araştırma sunmaktadır. Deneyde kullanılan alaşım bileşenlerinden Al’nin değişimi (ağırlıkça % 1-9 arasında) alaşımların ısıl yayılma ve ısıl iletkenliklerini nasıl etkilediğini, yoğunluk ve sertlik üzerindeki değişimler incelenmiştir. Alaşımların mikroyapı değişimlerinin ve mikroyapıda görülen intermetalik fazın (Mg17Al12) alaşımların ısıl yayınım, ısıl iletkenlik, yoğunluk ve sertlik üzerine etkisi olduğu görülmüştür. Alaşımın ısıl özellikleri, alaşımdaki Al içeriğine bağlı olarak değişmiştir. Alaşımların termal özellikleri sıcaklık artışına bağlı olarak (sıcaklık değişimi 25 °C- 400 °C arası) artmıştır. En yüksek termal yayılma AZ61 alaşımında gözlenmiştir.
Yapı Bilgi Modellemesi’nin Türkiye için Uygulanabilirliğinin Araştırılması
Authors: ŞAHİNKAYA Gözde , SESLİ Faik Ahmet , KOÇ Varol , UZUN Ömer Faruk
Published: June 2022

Her geçen gün daha karmaşık hale gelen yapıların, her anlamda verimli bir şekilde inşa edilebilmeleri, teknolojiden faydalanma derecesiyle yakından ilgilidir. Her türlü ön çalışma ve analizlerin yapılabilmesine olanak sağlamak suretiyle bina tasarımlarını sürdürülebilir, sağlıklı ve düşük maliyetlerle projelendirebilen Yapı Bilgi Modelleme (YBM) sisteminin kullanımı bu anlamda önemlidir. Bu anket çalışması ile YBM'nin sektör çalışanları tarafından bilinirliği, sağlayabileceği avantajların farkındalığı, daha yaygın kullanımının sağlanmasında engel olarak görülen hususları ve bu hususların giderilmesi noktasındaki düşüncelerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmadan elde edilen verilere göre YBM sistemi, ülkemizde henüz yeterince bilinmemekte (%50) ve kullanılmamaktadır (% 67). Çalışmaya katılanların % 70’i ise YBM sisteminin nasıl kullanıldığını bilmemektedir. YBM sisteminin farkındalığı ve kullanımı henüz emekleme safhasındadır. Diğer yandan YBM sisteminin sektöre katkı sağlayabileceği fikrinin katılımcılarca büyük oranda kabul görmesi, ilerleyen zamanlarda sistemin daha fazla kullanılacağı şeklinde yorumlanabilir. Ankete katılanların % 41’i YBM’nin proje maliyetlerini kesinlikle azaltacağı ve %31’i de azaltacağı fikrindedir. YBM ile inşaat aşamasından önce olası problemlerin tespitinin yapılabileceği fikri, katılımcılar tarafından % 58 oranında destek bulmuştur. YBM sisteminin kullanımının yaygınlaştırılmasında en büyük katkının devlet tarafından verilebileceği görüşü % 61, sektördeki rekabet baskısının kullanımı yaygınlaştıracağı fikri ise % 41 oranla kabul görmüştür. Büyük ölçüde kabul gördüğü üzere, sistem hakkında eğitim imkânlarının geliştirilmesi faydalı olabilecektir. Akademik çalışmalar ve tecrübeli olan kişi veya kurumlardan YBM’e geçiş konusunda destek alınabilir. YBM kullanımına geçişin gecikmesindeki en önemli sebeplerden biri olarak görülen yasal düzenlemelerin yapılması da bu anlamda faydalı olacaktır.
ASSEGURANDO O SAGRADO”: por uma retomada do argumento religioso nos Estudos de Segurança Internacional
Authors: Rossi Marques Tiago
Published: June 2022

O presente artigo busca demonstrar criticamente os efeitos da secularização para os Estudos Internacionais e da Segurança, na medida em que argumenta favoravelmente quanto a retomada do argumento religioso para o campo. Introdutoriamente, o artigo apresenta um panorama crítico do secularismo para as Relações Internacionais e sua relação com o processo de isolamento do aspecto religioso para a área. Posteriormente, aborda os Estudos de Segurança Internacional e seu desenvolvimento acadêmico enquanto um aspecto do saber correlato aos Estudos Internacionais. Por fim, precedendo os devidos apontamentos finais, lida com a questão da secularização e da religião em seus desdobramentos para o subcampo da Segurança Internacional, avaliando o impacto e os limites do processo secularista para os Estudos de Segurança, além de apontar possíveis ganhos mediante a retomada do argumento religioso para a área em questão.
O Estado de Israel e suas minorias não-judaicas: o desafio da cidadania Israelense para a minoria árabe de Israel
Authors: Zahreddine Danny , Di Lorenzo Pires Guilherme
Published: June 2022

A criação do Estado de Israel consagrou a realização do projeto sionista e a formação de um Estado judeu, mas, por outro lado, engendrou uma situação contraditória e complexa para a população árabe que se tornou cidadãos de Israel. Essa situação contraditória advém do princípio defendido pelas lideranças sionistas de criar um Estado democrático e liberal, mas que, ao mesmo tempo, preservasse as tradições culturais e idiossincráticas dos judeus, criando uma realidade difícil para sua população não-judaica. Este artigo analisa os desafios da cidadania israelense com relação às suas minorias não-judaicas, especificamente os árabes cidadãos de Israel, e as políticas adotadas pelo Estado para garantir a primazia das condições sociopolíticas dos judeus em detrimento dos árabes. Como pano de fundo do artigo, tratamos do sionismo, dos conceitos de violência direta e estrutural de Johan Galtung, e de debates acerca da cidadania, para compreendermos os dilemas vividos pelas comunidades árabes em Israel.
La profundización de la fragmentación intra BRICS. La pandemia como acelerador de tendencias y la guerra ruso ucraniana en la turbación de identidades
Authors: Giaccaglia Clarisa
Published: June 2022

El presente artículo tiene por objeto analizar la evolución de BRICS focalizándose en el período iniciado a partir de la tercera década del nuevo siglo. En los últimos años de la década anterior, pudimos observar una incipiente pero creciente fragmentación intra BRICS. Por un lado, se encontraban los “emergentes asiáticos” - China, India y Rusia. Por otro lado, se hallaban Brasil y Sudáfrica, afectados por recesiones económicas y crisis político-institucionales que dañaron seriamente sus posiciones internacionales. En el presente artículo sostenemos que las diferenciaciones intra-BRICS señaladas, se aceleraron a raíz de la pandemia por COVID19 y se potenciaron con el desencadenamiento de la guerra ruso-ucraniana. De esta manera, se profundizó la brecha entre los miembros asiáticos (China, India y Rusia) y los occidentales (Brasil y Sudáfrica) observándose en especial una turbación de identidades que afecta fundamentalmente a las partes ¿occidentales? del grupo. El artículo se centra en tres sucesos que consideramos claves para la comprensión de este fenómeno: la llegada de Jair Bolsonaro a la presidencia de Brasil, la pandemia por COVID 19 y la guerra ruso ucraniana. A continuación, ponemos especial atención en Brasil y Sudáfrica para buscar comprender la fragmentación señalada en función de dos variables: las contiendas políticas internas y las cosmovisiones sostenidas por cada uno de ellos que podrían contribuir a echar luz sobre la etapa que actualmente atraviesan los BRICS.
Diplomacia Cultural de India. Observaciones sobre el primer mandato de Narendra Modi (2014 – 2019)
Authors: Olivera Sabrina Victoria
Published: June 2022

India posee recursos culturales y políticos que empleó para su proyección internacional, aunque no lo hizo de forma deliberada sino recién en las últimas décadas. Así, en apoyo a su diplomacia política y económica, surgió la diplomacia cultural como herramienta para aumentar la conectividad entre pueblos. Todas las naciones consideraron a la cultura como un componente importante de su política exterior, sirviéndose de ella para difundir una imagen positiva. En consecuencia, India expresó su diplomacia cultural mediante su vínculo con la diáspora – en tanto influencia persona a persona y socialización de narraciones culturales específicas-, el Indian Council for Cultural Relations, los Festivales de India y la campaña “Incredible !ndia”. El actual Primer Ministro, Narendra Modi, durante su primer mandato (2014-2019) impulsó la incorporación de dos nuevos recursos: el Día Internacional del Yoga y el Ministerio de AYUSH (Ayurveda, Yoga y Naturopatía, Unani, Siddha y Homeopatía). Modi ha sabido entender la importancia de la diáspora en términos culturales pero también económicos y logró convertir al yoga en una “marca India”. De todas formas, pese a que la diplomacia cultural no fue una prioridad en su primer mandato, su contribución a su política exterior fue innegable.
Contribuições brasileiras e argentinas para a Cooperação Sul-Sul no século XXI
Authors: Bolfarine Caixeta Marina
Published: June 2022

A Cooperação Sul-Sul encontra-se em crise identitária diante da dificuldade de afirmar sua natureza alternativa e distinta da cooperação tradicional, daí a premência de resgatar o espírito de Bandung. Dois estudos de casos, Brasil e Argentina, foram conduzidos sobre a prática da Cooperação Técnica Sul-Sul. Essa investigação baseou-se na seguinte questão: como a CSS responde à colonialidade que caracteriza os países e sociedades do Sul global, especialmente ressaltando as contribuições argentinas e brasileiras no século XXI? A hipótese que assumimos é que o Sul é um elemento essencial para a CSS transformar o sistema da Cooperação Internacional para o Desenvolvimento, à luz das experiências do Brasil e da Argentina no período de 2003 a 2015. Para tanto, apresentamos como marco teórico da pesquisa o construtivismo social (a teoria da estruturação), que mostram como a interação entre agência e estrutura pode transformar o sistema social (internacional), além do pensamento decolonial, que faz uma crítica à colonialidade inerente à modernidade. Além disso, discutimos a estrutura da CSS por meio das trajetórias e mecanismos internacionais e dos marcos (políticos, institucionais e operativos) disponíveis nos países selecionados. Também, defendemos a importância de se reconhecer uma agência social e moral na CSS com potencial de assumir uma natureza crítica e uma ética da libertação, refletidas nas percepções subjetivas encontradas no Brasil e Argentina. Por fim, tratamos da prática da CTSS como instância primordial da estruturação, observando o setor das políticas sociais no período de 2003 a 2015 que aproxima muito a CSS do ideário do Sul global pelo seu foco nos grupos sociais excluídos. À guisa de conclusão, sugerimos repensar a CSS, epistemológica e ontologicamente, por meio das três formas de instituição previstas: a simbólicas, a político-econômica e a normativa, que estão manifestadas na prática cooperativa, corporificadas pelos agentes e materializadas nas estruturas.
Treinta años de consensos y disensos en el Mercosur
Authors: Simonoff Alejandro
Published: June 2022

Hasta la segunda década del nuevo milenio existió un elemento de continuidad en la vinculación con el mundo desde 1983, y fue la estructura triangular que puso al tope de nuestra agenda a Washington y Brasilia -utilizándolos como contrapesos-, en un marco predominantemente cooperativo, dejando a un lado las oscilaciones del pasado y donde el Mercosur cumplió un rol relevante. Las diferencias estuvieron en las acciones con que las dos tendencias predominantes utilizaron el Triángulo. Podemos delinear: la primera, la autonomista, que consistió en buscar márgenes de maniobra, como ocurrió durante los gobiernos de Raúl Alfonsín, Eduardo Duhalde, Néstor Kirchner y Cristina Fernández, que apuntaron a establecerlos con países de similares recursos y valores; y la segunda, la globalista que privilegió la relación con la potencia hegemónica, como en las administraciones de Carlos Menem y de Fernando de la Rúa. Si bien en principio las administraciones de Alberto Fernández y Mauricio Macri pueden ser ubicadas en esas categorías respectivamente, el nuevo marco de una estructura romboidal, por la incorporación de China a la ecuación junto a Brasilia y Washington, nos lleva a la necesidad de repensar tanto las estrategias como los instrumentos para su concreción.
BRUN, Élodie (Coordinadora). (2021). Cooperación Sur-Sur para el desarrollo: experiencias latinoamericanas y caribeñas, El Colegio de México, Centro de Estudios Internacionales, Ciudad de México. ISBN: 978-607-564-287-1. 259 pp
Authors: Morasso Carla
Published: June 2022

La Cooperación Internacional al Desarrollo (CID) es una dimensión específica de la política internacional que ha sufrido importantes transformaciones durante el nuevo milenio al compás del reordenamiento del sistema internacional. Entre las más relevantes pueden ser señaladas aquellas vinculadas a la emergencia de China como oferente de cooperación internacional en competencia con los tradicionales dadores de Ayuda Oficial al Desarrollo, a los cambios en las fuentes de financiamiento y en las agendas de Desarrollo a partir de la metas de los Objetivos del Desarrollo del Milenio y los Objetivos del Desarrollo Sustentable (ODS), a la expansión de la cooperación triangular y a la revitalización de la cooperación Sur-Sur (CSS).
“Un carnet de afiliado vale más que un título universitario”. Las demandas del estado y el conflicto en torno a la creación del ISEN: 1963-1965
Authors: Picco Plencovich Pablo Horacio
Published: June 2022

El presente trabajo busca relevar el proceso de resistencia y negociación que la comunidad académica de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas, Comerciales y Políticas (FCECP) de la Universidad Nacional del Litoral llevó adelante entre los años 1963 y 1965 con motivo de la creación del Instituto del Servicio Exterior de la Nación (ISEN). Estos hechos se inscriben en el marco mucho más amplio de las relaciones entre la universidad y el estado en las décadas de 1950 y 1960 e ilustra la reacción de las universidades frente al intento del estado de avanzar sobre la capacidad de formar profesionales aptos para el servicio público.
Implementasi Enkripsi Dengan Vigenere Cipher Dan Reverse Cipher Menggunakan Bahasa Pemrograman Python
Authors: Ridho Abdurrahman , Niani Cukri Rahmi
Published: June 2022

Arus komunikasi pada zaman ini begitu kencang, kelancaran arus komunikasi tersebut dipengaruhi oleh sejumlah faktor diantaranya kemajuan teknologi di bidang informasi serta mudahnya untuk mendapatkan perangkat untuk berkomunikasi tersebut. Dibalik semua kemudahan tersebut terdapat sejumlah ancaman yang ada. Diantaranya peretasan yang dilakukan oleh entitas yang tidak bertanggung jawab. Beberapa aspek yang harus dipenuhi berupa keamanan, keaslian dan otentifikasi dan beberapa aspek lainnya yang harus dipenuhi untuk memenuhi keamanan dan kenyamanan dalam berkomunikasi. Kriptografi hadir sebagai salah satu solusi untuk menjamin keamanan pada data seperti teks, gambar, audio, dan video yang dikirimkan sebagai objek komunikasi. Kriptografi bekerja dengan mengubah objek atau data yang awalnya dapat dipahami menjadi sebuah objek atau data yang tidak dapat dipahami. Salah satu bagian dari kriptografi adalah Vigenere Cipher yang telah digunakan sejak lama. Dalam perjalanannya Vigenere Cipher sudah dapat dipecahkan, hal ini tentu menjadi sebuah tantangan tentang bagaimana cara memperkuat cipher tersebut, untuk itu pada penelitian ini dilakukan eknkripsi ganda dengan menggunakan Vigenere Cipher dan Reverse Cipher yang diharapkan dapat memperkuat Vigenere Cipher tersebut.
Formulasi Gel Hand Sanitizer Dari Ekstrak Metanol Kulit Semangka (Citrullus lanatus)
Authors: Hikmat Deo Julian , Rani Filmaha , Ya Ya , Halid Nur Hatidjah Awaliyah , Pusmarani Jastria
Published: June 2022

Hand sanitizer merupakan sediaan yang digunakan untuk menjaga kesehatan dan kebersihan tangan, serta penggunaannya lebih praktis. Sebagian besar hand sanitizer tersedia dalam bentuk cair atau gel. Umumnya gel hand sanitizer berbahan dasar alkohol. Namun penggunaan secara terus-menerus alkohol dapat mengiritasi kulit. Oleh karena itu perlu adanya alternatif bahan alam yang dapat digunakan untuk mengurangi terjadinya iritasi kulit. Salah satu bahan alam yang terbukti sebagai antibakteri adalah kulit semangka (Citrullus lanatus). Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk melihat potensi gel hand sanitizer ekstrak metanol kulit semangka terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus. Metode penelitian yang digunakan riset empirik dengan platform luring dengan melaksanakan protokol kesehatan secara ketat di masa pandemi  Covid-19.  Ekstrak   metanol   kulit   semangka dilakukan pengujian antibakteri terhadap bakteri E. coli dan S. aureus dengan tiga konsentrasi yaitu 15%, 17,5% dan 20%. Formulasi dibuat dengan variasi konsentrasi karbopol yaitu konsentrasi 1%, 1,5% dan konsentrasi 2%, kemudian dilakukan evaluasi sifat fisik dari sediaan gel. Ekstrak metanol kulit semangka 15% memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri E.coli dengan rata-rata zona hambat 5,03±1,98 mm (kategori daya hambat cukup) dan pada bakteri S. aureus 2,53±2,40 mm (kategori daya hambat lemah). Formula 1 (karbopol 1%) dan formula 2 (karbopol 1,5%) memenuhi syarat evaluasi sifat fisik sediaan gel yaitu pada uji organoleptik, pH, viskositas, homogenitas, dan daya sebar. Sedangkan untuk formula 3 (karbopol 2%) tidak memenuhi pada uji fisik yaitu uji daya sebar.
Rasionalitas Penggunaan Azitromisin pada Pasien ISPA di Rumah Sakit Moh. Hoesin (RSMH) Palembang
Authors: Parisa Nita , Parulian Theodorus , Adelia R.A. Alda
Published: June 2022

ISPA menjadi salah satu penyebab utama dalam timbulnya mortalitas dan morbiditas dari balita serta anak-anak diseluruh dunia. ISPA disebabkan oleh berbagai macam agen infeksius, salah satu contohnya yaitu bakteri yang harus diatasi dengan peresepan antibiotik. Adanya peresepan antibiotik yang masih belum rasional seperti pada pemberian antibiotik atas indikasi yang kurang jelas dan penggunaan antibiotik yang menimbulkan respon alergi menunjukkan bahwa diperlukan pemberian antibiotik alternatif sebagai pilihan terapi. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui rasionalitas penggunaan obat azitromisin yang paling banyak digunakan sebagai pilihan terapi pada pasien ISPA. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif retrospektif dengan sampel berupa pasien ISPA di Rumah Sakit Umum Moh. Hoesin (RSMH) Palembang periode  1  Juli  2018  – 30   Juni  2021.  Sampel  diambil dengan teknik total sampling berupa pasien ISPA rawat jalan yang menggunakan obat azitromisin yaitu sebanyak 30 pasien yang memenuhi krteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Keseluruhan data yang diperoleh akan diolah menggunakan SPSS versi 26 dan akan disajikan dalam bentuk tabel. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pasien ISPA terbanyak ada pada kelompok usia 46-55 tahun (40%), jenis kelamin laki-laki (66,7%), dan jumlah obat per-resep sebanyak dua obat (46,7%). Penggunaan azitromisin berdasarkan kriteria tepat indikasi (100%), tepat dosis (96,7%), tepat frekuensi pemberian (100%), tepat lama pemberian (100%), tepat cara pemberian (100%), dan tepat interaksi obat (86,4%), sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan azitromisin pada pasien ISPA rawat jalan di RSMH sebagian besar sudah rasional.
Hubungan Mutu Pelayanan Kefarmasian dengan Kepatuhan Berobat Pasien Diabetes Melitus di Rumah Sakit Kabupaten Konawe
Authors: Tasnim Tasnim , Sarlinda Sarlinda
Published: June 2022

Kepatuhan berobat sangat berkontribusi dalam pengendalian kadar glukosa darah bagi pasien Diabetes Melitus. Namun demikian, masih banyak pasien yang tidak rutin berobat ke Rumah Sakit Kabupaten Konawe.   Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis hubungan mutu pelayanan kefarmasian dengan kepatuhan berobat pasien diabetes melitus di Intalasi rawat inap RS Kabupaten Konawe. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan desain  cross sectiona lstudy. Dimana, jumlah sample sebanyak 30 orang pasien Diabetes Melitus. Analisis data menggunakan distribusi frekuensi, Chi squere dan Koefisien Phi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa secara umum mutu pelayanan kefarmasian berhubungan kuat dengan kepatuhan berobat pasien DM di RS Kabupaten Konawe. Namun hanya dimensi bukti fisik (tangible) saja yang berhubungan kuat dengan kepatuhan berobat pasien Diabetes Melitus (X2=7.656; phi=0.577). Sedangkan dimensi kehandalan, jaminan, ketanggapan dan peduli tidak berhubungan  dengan kepatuhan berobat pasien Diabetes Melitus di Instalasi rawat inap RS Kabupaten Konawe. Penelitian ini sudah membuktikan bahwa bukti fisik dalam pelayanan kefarmasian cukup berkontribusi dalam kepatuhan berobat bagi pasien diabetes melitus di rawat inap Rumah Sakit Konawe. Oleh karena itu penting bagi  unit kefarmasian di RS Kabupaten Konawe untuk menjamin sarana dan prasarana di unit pelayanan kefarmasian, ketersediaan obat, kebersihan lingkungan di area unit tersebut. Unit palayanan kefarmasian juga pelu memastikan bahwa kenyamanan pasien saat menunggu pelayanan obat terjamin. Hal ini akan memberikan kepuasan bagi pasien yang berobat, khususnya pasien DM. Dengan demikian, pasien akan senang berkunjung di Rumah Sakit Konawe.
Aktivitas Imunomodulator Ekstrak Etanol Buah Etlingera rubroloba A.D. Poulsen Terhadap Fagositosis Sel Makrofag Pada Tikus Jantan Galur Wistar
Authors: Malik Fadhliyah , Bafadal Mentarry , Munasari Dian , Andriani Rina , Yusuf Muh. Ilyas , Sahidin Sahidin , Wahyuni Wahyuni , Fristiohady Adryan , Nurfinti Wa Ode
Published: June 2022

Fungsi sistem imun adalah untuk melindungi tubuh dari benda-benda asing, dimana sistem imun dapat ditingkatkan dengan pemberian imunomodulator. Pendekatan kemotaksonomi Genus Etlingera memungkinkan Etlingera rubroloba A.D. Poulsen memiliki kandungan metabolit sekunder sebagai agen imunomodulator. Penelitian dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui aktivitas imunomodulator ekstrak etanol buah Etlingera rubroloba A.D. Poulsen terhadap fagositosis sel makrofag pada tikus jantan galur wistar. Hewan uji tikus sebanyak dua puluh empat ekor dibagi dalam enam kelompok perlakuan yaitu kontrol negatif (Na-CMC 0,5%), kontrol positif (ekstrak meniran komersial), kontrol normal (tanpa perlakuan), perlakuan dosis 1 (200 mg/kgBB), perlakuan dosis 2 (300 mg/kgBB)  dan  perlakuan dosis 3  (400 mg/kgBB). Perlakuan diberikan selama tujuh hari berturut-turut secara per oral  dan diberikan injeksi bakteri Staphylococcus aureus 0,5 mL secara intraperitonial pada hari kedelapan masing-masing kelompok. Apusan cairan peritoneum digunakan untuk menentukan aktivitas sel makrofag. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan aktivitas fagositosis sel makrofag pada kelompok kontrol negatif, kontrol positif, perlakuan 1, perlakuan 2, perlakuan 3 berturut-turut 36,75 %, 74,25%, 71.75%, 80,50%, 70,75%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian ekstrak etanol buah Etlingera rubroloba A.D. Poulsen memiliki aktivitas imunomodulator terhadap fagositosis sel makrofag.
PKM Assesmen Psikologi Tes Minat Bakat Pada Siswa SMAN 1 Anggaberi
Authors: Yani Dian Mardi , Yuliatin Sri , Amraeni Yunita
Published: June 2022

Minat dan bakat siswa berperan penting dalam pemilihan jurusan. Namun mayoritas siswa bahkan pihak sekolah belum memahami fungsi memaksimalkan potensi melalui tes untuk mengidentifikasi bakat dan potensi siswa agar penempatan siswa sesuai dengan kemampuan dan keahliannya.  Kegiatan tes minat dan bakat ini dilakukan di SMA 1 Anggaberi Kab. Konawe Sulawesi Tenggara sebagai salah satu sekolah yang belum pernah menyelenggarakan tes minat dan bakat untuk penempatan jurusan. Tujuan dari kegiatan sosialisasi dan tes ini adalah untuk memberikan pemahaman siswa terkait bakat minat yang dimiliki serta melihat deskripsi potensi jurusan sesuai minat dan bakat siswa. Hasil tes minat-bakat yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan gambaran yang normatif, artinya deskripsi bakat-minat siswa sesuai dengan teori dan kemampuan siswa. Taraf potensi umum para siswa di SMA 1 Anggaberi, juga menunjukkan taraf yang cukup memadai dan sesuai dengan pilhan jurusan yang diinginkan sehingga para siswanya dapat diharapkan untuk melanjutkan ke tingkat pendidikan tinggi (akademi/universitas) sesuai dengan minat dan kemampuan.
Edukasi Tanaman Obat Dalam Aplikasi Herbal Instan, Tanaman Obat Keluarga Dan Handsanitizer Di Desa Morosi Kecamatan Morosi Sulawesi Tenggara
Authors: Syaban Abdul Rahim , Isrul Muhammad , Azlimin Azlimin , Purnama Dwi Wulandari Ningtias , Buton La Djabo , Nurlila Ratna Umi , Lahiata Aden Saputra , Hikmat Deo Julian , Rahmat Niko , Wiranata Ardi , Linharso Hartawan , Muthalib Abdul
Published: June 2022

Obat tradisional di Indonesia masih digunakan secara luas di berbagai lapisan masyarakat, baik di desa maupun di kota. Untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang khasiat tanaman obat keluarga (TOGA) yang dapat digunakan untuk mengobati penyakit. Metode yang digunakan yaitu pendampingan masyarakat dalam pembuatan kebun TOGA dan pendidikan masyarakat melalui ceramah dan praktek pembuatan herbal instan, dan handsanitizer. Penanaman tanaman obat keluarga di Desa Morosi terdiri dari 20 jenis tanaman yang dapat meningkatkan pemahaman masyarakat tentang pemanfaatan tanaman obat keluarga. Dengan adanya TOGA ini menjadi dasar untuk melakukan pengobatan swamedikasi dan pembuatan jamu instan jahe, jamu gendong kunyit asam dan handsanitizer spray.
EVALUATION OF GENETIC DIVERSITY OF THE BLACK GLUTINOUS RICE BASED ON AGRO-MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS
Authors: Trinh Ai Ngoc , Nguyen Thanh Tan , Phan Hieu Chi , Nguyen Lam Hoang , Nguyen Thi Thuy Lieu , Tran Thi Kim Nhu , Mai Vy Thuy , Nguyen Thi Tuyet Mai , Vo Thuc Truong
Published: June 2022

The study assessed the variations in nine agro-morphological characters among and within the black glutinous rice (Oryza sativa) population from Chau Thanh District, Tra Vinh Province. The nine quantitative agromorphological characters that were measured include culm length, leaf length, leaf width, number of panicles, panicle length, grain length, grain width, number of firm grain, and number of grain per panicle. The unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean method and principal coordinate analysis by the NTSYS program were applied in this study to classify the nine agro-morphological characters. In addition, tocompare the variations in quantitative characters between O. sativa populations, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used. The results showed significant differences between the black glutinous rice populations for all quantitative agro-morphological characters. Moreover, some agro-morphological characters showed positive correlations to each other. The dendrogram generated from the analysis process of the agromorphological data divided the O. sativa populations into two groups with unfamiliar features. However, the O. sativa populations assessed exhibited a wide range of variations in morphological characteristics, both within the same population and among other populations with the same strains.
Freshman EFL Learners’ Use of Attitude Verbs and Considerations in Their Propositional Attitude Expressions
Authors: Sibarani Berlin
Published: June 2022

This study is intended to describe the underlying consideration of the Indonesian EFL learners in choosing attitude verbs to express their propositional attitude towards an object. The data of this study were elicited by asking the students to write their propositional attitudes towards familiar and unfamiliar pictures of objects. The familiarity of an object to the students were suspected to be one of the students’ considerations. The elicited written expressions were identified, classified and compared by using the concept of attitude verbs as the temporary predetermined perspective. The results of the identification and classification analysis show that propositional attitude was expressed in three ways: by using verbs of attitude of look, think and hidden verb attitude. The use of look (85%) dominates the other two verbs. The use of hidden verbs attitude occurs 12%, and the verb think is the least occurrence (3%). While the results of the comparison analysis show that familiarity of an object is not the only factor that the students consider in using attitude verbs. Their ability to think of what they see, that is labelled as psychological factor, and their sensitivity to the social effect of their propositional attitude, that is called as social factor, also influence their consideration in using the attitude verbs. Based on these results, it is concluded that the use of attitude words among the EFL learners is not only a reflection of their linguistic ability but also a reflection of their social sensitivity. Keywords: Attitude verbs, Consideration, EFL learners, Propositional attitude
¿Es posible mejorar el valor fiscal de las partidas en el partido de La Plata y alrededores, a partir de incorporar datos de actividades económicas que actualmente no son tenidos en cuenta?
Authors:   , Luchini Natalia Soledad
Published: June 2022

El estudio explora sobre la posibilidad de incorporar atributos que mejoren el valor fiscal de las partidas inmobiliarias en el partido de La Plata y alrededores. Se aspira a que, al considerar atributos tales como actividad económica y datos de usos de suelo, las valuaciones fiscales mejoren. Actualmente estas son muy bajas comparadas con los valores a los que luego se ofrecen los inmuebles en el mercado inmobiliario. Por lo tanto, este estudio podría sentar las bases de discusión y sugerir al sector público de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (LEGISLATURA, ARBA, Etc.) la posibilidad de replantear e innovar en materia de metodología valuatoria. Primeramente, se indaga en la metodología sobre la cual se apoya el funcionamiento del mercado inmobiliario, trabajando en un archivo propio, creado a partir de datos de oferta inmobiliaria extraídos de la web durante el año 2019, el cual será medido bajo un modelo de precios hedónicos. Luego -y debido a que las valuaciones catastrales se basan en estudios del mercado inmobiliario– medir bajo modelos predictivos1 las bases de datos alfanuméricos que contienen las valuaciones fiscales que ARBA proporcionó a los Municipios de este estudio durante el mes de mayo del año 2019, incorporándole los atributos externos, provenientes de datos abiertos y georreferenciados con IDE, que se considera son los que podrían mejorar las valuaciones. Se seleccionó el partido de La Plata y sus límites con los partidos de Ensenada y Berisso ya que los tres componen la Región Gran La Plata y se poseen datos específicos como el medio natural, ubicación relativa y accesibilidad, usos del suelo, densidad, áreas consolidadas -entre otras variables- de los partidos mencionados
Experiencias de implementación de taller de paz en educación secundaria
Authors: Ramírez Díaz Jazmín
Published: June 2022

La construcción de culturas de paz no puede reducirse a la eliminación de factores que incentivan la violencia directa, asegurar las nociones mínimas para la construcción de una cultura de paz, más bien, trabajar aspectos cognitivos, metodológicos y actitudinales, a través de los cuales, el estudiante de secundaria, pueda acceder, al disfrute de sus derechos, situación necesaria, cuando se habla del logro de la paz integral. El siguiente artículo, representa el informe final de una investigación empírica a partir del método de investigación acción, cuyo objetivo planteó asegurar que jóvenes de educación secundaria, puedan hacer frente a su estado de indefensión, a través de su participación en un taller que ofrezca alternativas y recursos, para acceder al conocimiento y disfrute de los derechos humanos, y, por tanto, aproximarlos a la consolidación de una cultura de paz.
THE FACTORS INFLUENCING RETIREMENT PREPARATION AMONG GEN Y IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Kumaraguru Logananthiny , Geetha Caroline , Mohidin Rosle
Published: June 2022

Preparing for retirement is one of the most important elements of a comfortable
post- retirement life. The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors that
influence the preparation towards retirement among Gen Y in Malaysia. In
particular, this research investigated the relationship between demographic
variables, attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, individual
differences, and preparation towards retirement. This study used a convenience
sampling method and involved Gen Y who are aged between 24 and 41 years
old. Questionnaires were used as an instrument in this study. All the data was
gathered from 384 respondents through an online survey. The questionnaire
included the demographic profile of respondents and variable-related
questions. This study uses the TPB as its main overarching theory, as well as
life cycle hypothesis, symbolic interaction theory and prospect theory to frame
its exploratory conceptual framework that explains the retirement preparation.
The structural equation model predicts that attitudes, perceived behavioral
control, and individual differences are positively correlated with preparation
towards retirement among Gen Y, while demographic variables and subjective
norms have no positive correlation. As a result of this study, Gen Y and other
parties involved will realize that early preparation is crucial to sustaining after
retirement. This research will benefit future researchers, government,
insurance industries, and investment companies in gaining a better
understanding of the factors that influence the preparation towards retirement.
Finally, the article discusses the implications of the study to theory and
practice; limitations, and recommendations for future research.
THE IMPACT OF LEARNING AND DEVELOPMENT ON EMPLOYEES’ PRODUCTIVITY IN ELECTRICAL MANUFACTURING SECTOR AT PENANG, MALAYSIA
Authors: Md Amin Bokhori
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between learning and
development including effective training need analysis (TNA), effective
training techniques and effective training contents on employees’ productivity
in electrical manufacturing sector at Penang, Malaysia. In order to examine the
relationship a sample size of 222 respondents taken from 28 electrical
manufacturing sector with 6322 population and 361 samples. A questionnaire
was design for data collection to measure learning and development included
effective training need analysis (TNA), effective training techniques and
effective training contents on employees’ productivity. Stratified sampling
method was used to analyze the data used SmartPls 3.7.8. The result of the
study shown that effective training need analysis (TNA), effective training
techniques and effective training contents have a significant relationship on
employees’ productivity. The limitation of this study only covers electrical
manufacturing sector. Suggested for future study focus on electronic, plastic
and fabricated manufacturing sector in order to be more effective result in
improving the learning and development practices in manufacturing sector.
BALI ECOFEMINISM DRAMATURGY IN ARJA SIKI CAMPAIGN FOR WATER GOVERNOR CANDIDATES BY COKORDA SAWITRI
Authors: Agustina Arinta , Udasmoro Wening , Sushartami Wiwik
Published: June 2022

Arja Siki is a form of Balinese theater developed by Cokorda Sawitri as a result of the hybridization of the Balinese dance drama Arja with Western dramaturgy. In Arja Siki's performance entitled "Campaign for the Water Governor Candidate", Cok Sawitri raised the issue of the current condition of Bali's water. In this work, Cok manifests the relationship between water and women in the Hindu tradition in Bali through a figure named Bhatari Danu or Dewi Danu, who acts as the ruler and guardian of the air source in Lake Batur. This study aims to explain the relationship between women in performing arts and the water crisis. in Bali in the perspective of ecofeminism. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative using direct observation and interviews, video and photo documentation and literature. This is done to see the correlation between Arja SIki and the water crisis in Bali. Data analysis was carried out by verifying data, compiling data, comparing data, and triangulating data. The results of this study indicate that the performing arts of Arja Siki have become media criticism for Cok, against politicians who only give promises to the public when campaigning, but there is no real movement to save the water crisis in Bali. In addition, building audience awareness about the problem of the water crisis in Bali, and learning media on how to overcome and overcome water problems in Bali in the simplest way.
THE EFFECT OF FINANCIAL AND NON-FINANCIAL REWARDS ON EXECUTIVES’ PERFORMANCE IN MANUFACTURING FIRMS: A CASE STUDY AT KULIM-HI TECH PARK, KULIM, KEDAH, MALAYSIA
Authors: Md Amin Bokhori
Published: June 2022

Compensation and benefits are one of the very important human resource management practices in addressing issues related to job performance. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to assess the extent of the role of financial and non-financial rewards and their contribution to the performance of executives in manufacturing firms. Methodology in this study was built where a questionnaire was designed for data collection to measure compensation and benefits related to financial and non-financial rewards on executives’ performance. Data were collected among executives in manufacturing firms at Kulim Hi-tech Park, Kulim, Kedah, Malaysia which had a 4438 population, 351 samples, and 244 respondents successfully collected from 25 manufacturing firms. A stratified sampling method was used to determine the samples and the data obtained were analyzed using SmartPLS version 3.7.8. The finding of this study found that financial rewards have no significant relationship with executive job performance. While non-financial rewards have a significant relationship with executive job performance. It is proved from SmartPLS analysis shown that the financial rewards variable have a negative impact on executives’ performance compared with non-financial rewards have a positive impact on executives’ performance in manufacturing firms. The limitation of the study only covers the manufacturing firms. Another limitation is the respondents only included executives. Apart from these limitations, this study can give a strong impact on the top management of manufacturing firms to design the strategy of compensation and benefits which covered financial and non-financial rewards to be more effective in improving the work performance of executives.
PERCEPTION OF THE IMPORTANCE OF GREEN DEVELOPMENT IN MALAYSIA: A STUDY ON STUDENTS IN INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER LEARNING
Authors: Wahid Azizul Ridhuan , Osman Wan Nadzri
Published: June 2022

The construction sector is one of the most important sectors in improving a country's economy. However, most of the buildings built do not implement green development that can preserve the environment, especially in Malaysia. This study was conducted to examine the perceptions and level of awareness of students, especially in institutions of higher learning (IPT) about the importance of implementing green development in Malaysia. The research method used is quantitative, that is, by using the method of survey questions and focused on students in Malaysia who study at Institutions of Higher Learning (IPT). A total of 120 survey questions were distributed and answered by the students. The results of this study found that a total of 44 students understood about the basic concepts of green development and the remaining 76 students did not really understand about the green building index (GBI). Most of the opinions from students stated that there are various benefits and advantages that can be obtained from green development, especially from the aspects of efficiency in energy use, time saving, economic, social and environmental.
THE KEY E-TAIL OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES IN THE LEBANESE E-COMMERCE MARKET
Authors: Houcheimi Abdallah
Published: June 2022

The e-tailing market in Lebanon is an active market and is growing steadily in the most recent years. The main aim of this research is to identify the key opportunities and challenges that e-tailing is encountering in Lebanon. Exploring these opportunities and challenges is based on a case study research strategy for gathering the necessary quantitative and qualitative data as required for answering the main research questions. The research findings indicate that the growth of the digital variables which include the internet users, social media users, mobile connections, and mobile social users have contributed to the most recent growth of e-tailing in Lebanon. Furthermore, the main challenges that are hindering e-tailing growth include the undeveloped ICT infrastructure, poor internet speed and high costs, online fraud and insecure transactions, and lack of laws and regulations for protecting online customers.