bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A CRISPR/Cas9-based method and primer design tool for seamless genome editing in fission yeast
Authors: Rodríguez-López María , Cotobal Cristina , Fernández-Sánchez Oscar , Borbarán Bravo Natalia , Oktriani Risky , Abendroth Heike , Uka Dardan , Hoti Mimoza , Wang Jin , Zaratiegui Mikel , Bähler Jürg
Published: January 2017

In the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe the prevailing approach for gene manipulations is based on homologous recombination of a PCR product that contains genomic target sequences and a selectable marker. The CRISPR/Cas9 system has recently been implemented in fission yeast, which allows for seamless genome editing without integration of a selection marker or leaving any other genomic ‘scars’. The published method involves manual design of the single guide RNA (sgRNA), and digestion of a large plasmid with a problematic restriction enzyme to clone the sgRNA. To increase the efficiency of this approach, we have established and optimized a PCR-based system to clone the sgRNA without restriction enzymes into a plasmid with a dominant natMX6 (nourseothricin) selection marker. We also provide a web-tool, CRISPR4P, to support the design of the sgRNAs and the primers required for the entire process of seamless DNA deletion. Moreover, we report the preparation of G1-synchronized and cryopreserved S. pombe cells, which greatly increases the efficiency and speed for transformations, and may also facilitate standard gene manipulations. Applying this optimized CRISPR/Cas9-based approach, we have successfully deleted over 80 different non-coding RNA genes, which are generally lowly expressed, and have inserted 7 point mutations in 4 different genomic regions.
Quinze anos do programa de P&D da ANEEL: Um estudo bibliométrico
Authors: Franco Camila
Published: January 2017

O objetivo deste artigo é realizar uma busca na literatura para encontrar os trabalhos publicados sobre os projetos de P&D desenvolvidos pelas empresas do setor elétrico. Para isso foi utilizada a técnica da bibliometria com auxílio do software R. Os principais resultados obtidos nesta busca informam que a maioria dos trabalhos encontrados se caracteriza como dissertações de mestrado e artigos apresentados em congressos, o que retrata a pouca difusão deste tópico entre os periódicos científicos. Outros achados importantes referem-se à concentração geográfica de tais trabalhos; aos impactos que eles apresentam, medido pelo número de citações; e aos temas de projetos analisados, em sua maioria referente à Avaliação e Gestão dos Projetos. Estes resultados proporcionam um panorama geral sobre o campo de pesquisa estudado e fornecem insights para futuros trabalhos e contribuições efetivas para a política inovativa no setor.
Lealdade de cooperados em uma cooperativa de crédito
Authors: Rudio Rodson Totola , Mainardes Emerson Wagner
Published: January 2017

O presente estudo buscou o esclarecimento do construto lealdade nas empresas cooperativas. Para tanto, buscou-se identificar a percepção dos cooperados quanto à sua lealdade em relação à cooperativa a qual pertencem, quais as dimensões atitudinais que contribuem para a construção desta percepção e se o tempo de relacionamento interfere nas relações de lealdade entre estes e a cooperativa. Deste modo, foi realizada uma pesquisa de campo que teve por objetivo medir a percepção de lealdade dos cooperados de uma cooperativa de crédito, baseada no estudo das quatro dimensões atitudinais da lealdade descritos por Oliver (1999). Os resultados apurados indicam um índice relevante de confirmação de lealdade por parte dos cooperados, uma relação positiva entre a lealdade dos mesmos e as dimensões atitudinais de lealdade afetiva, conativa e de ação descritas por Oliver (1999) e evidências de que o tempo de relacionamento parece interferir positivamente na percepção de lealdade pelos cooperados.
Planar Maximum Coverage Location Problem with Partial Coverage and Rectangular Demand and Service Zones
Authors: Bansal Manish , Kianfar Kiavash
Published: January 2017

We study the planar maximum coverage location problem (MCLP) with rectilinear distance and rectangular demand zones in the case where “partial coverage” is allowed in its true sense, i.e., when covering part of a demand zone is allowed and the coverage accrued as a result of this is proportional to the demand of the covered part only. We pose the problem in a slightly more general form by allowing service zones to be rectangular instead of squares, thereby addressing applications in camera view-frame selection as well. More specifically, our problem, referred to as PMCLP-PCR (planar MCLP with partial coverage and rectangular demand and service zones), is to position a given number of rectangular service zones (SZs) on the two-dimensional plane to (partially) cover a set of existing (possibly overlapping) rectangular demand zones (DZs) such that the total covered demand is maximized. Previous studies on (planar) MCLP have assumed binary coverage, even when nonpoint objects such as lines or polygons have been used to represent demand. Under the binary coverage assumption, the problem can be readily formulated and solved as a binary linear program; whereas, partial coverage, although much more realistic, cannot be efficiently handled by binary linear programming, making PMCLP-PCR much more challenging to solve. In this paper, we first prove that PMCLP-PCR is NP-hard if the number of SZs is part of the input. We then present an improved algorithm for the single-SZ PMCLP-PCR, which is at least two times faster than the existing exact plateau vertex traversal algorithm. Next, we study multi-SZ PMCLP-PCR for the first time and prove theoretical properties that significantly reduce the search space for solving this problem, and we present a customized branch-and-bound exact algorithm to solve it. Our computational experiments show that this algorithm can solve relatively large instances of multi-SZ PMCLP-PCR in a short time. We also propose a fast polynomial time heuristic algorithm. Having optimal solutions from our exact algorithm, we benchmark the quality of solutions obtained from our heuristic algorithm. Our results show that for all the random instances solved to optimality by our exact algorithm, our heuristic algorithm finds a solution in a fraction of a second, where its objective value is at least 91% of the optimal objective in 90% of the instances (and at least 69% of the optimal objective in all the instances).
Minimizing Risk Exposure When the Choice of a Risk Measure Is Ambiguous
Authors: Delage Erick , Li Jonathan Yu-Meng
Published: January 2017

Since the financial crisis of 2007–2009, there has been a renewed interest in quantifying more appropriately the risks involved in financial positions. Popular risk measures such as variance and value-at-risk have been found inadequate because we now give more importance to properties such as monotonicity, convexity, translation invariance, positive homogeneity, and law invariance. Unfortunately, the challenge remains that it is unclear how to choose a risk measure that faithfully represents a decision maker’s true risk attitude. In this work, we show that one can account precisely for (neither more nor less than) what we know of the risk preferences of an investor/policy maker when comparing and optimizing financial positions. We assume that the decision maker can commit to a subset of the above properties (the use of a law invariant convex risk measure for example) and that he can provide a series of assessments comparing pairs of potential risky payoffs. Given this information, we propose to seek financial positions that perform best with respect to the most pessimistic estimation of the level of risk potentially perceived by the decision maker. We present how this preference robust risk minimization problem can be solved numerically by formulating convex optimization problems of reasonable size. Numerical experiments on a portfolio selection problem, where the problem reduces to a linear program, will illustrate the advantages of accounting for the fact that the choice of a risk measure is ambiguous.

This paper was accepted by Yinyu Ye, optimization.
Airway remodeling in asthma
Authors: Naning Roni , Darmawan MTS
Published: January 2017

Airway remodeling is the term given to a series of structural changes characterized by chronic, irreversible airway obstruction. Structural changes in the airway wall caused by chronic inflammation of asthma. Evidence for asthma airway remodeling demonstrating an accelerated decline of lung function that cannot be completely reversed with therapy. Combination therapy produced at least as much protection against inflammation as theuse of the higher dose of the inhaled corticosteroid.
Dysentry in children under five year of age: a longitudinal prospective study in primary health care in Indonesia
Authors: Soenarto Yati , Suryono Achmad , Supardi Suharyanto
Published: January 2017

We conducted a longitudinal community-based survey between August 1991 and August 1992 started with a pilot study in May 1991 in two rural villages which involved 497 children aged 0-59 monhs, 58 community health workers (CWHs), 44 community representatives, and 5 health center personnel. The qualitative component was carried out using in-depth interviews with the mothers, CWHs, and health personnel. It appeared that the three terms for diarrhea used in thecommunity were similar to medical terminology. However the community perception was that only cases of diarrhea with dehydration should be referred to the health center (HC) for tretment; bloody diarrhea was not considered to be referred. Through case findings, 168 (33.8%) diarrheal episodes were identified among 141 children (1.2 episodes per child). Twenty-two of 168 cases (13.1%) had bloody stool, shigella was isolated in 9 (41%) of these patients. No death occurred in this study. Diagnostic agreement on bloody and watery stool specimens between HC personnel and CHWs was analyzed using data from the 72 stool specimens that were seen by both parties, which showed a kappa coefficient of 0.50. Breast feeding (90%) nand additionalk food (89%) were given during diarrhea in almost all cases. Oral rehydration salts solution was given in 80% odf cases. The study shows that the existing treatment guidelines in the HCs were not properly followed by the health personnel.
Clinical and laboratory features of typhoid fever in childhood
Authors: Retnosari Sylvia , Tumbelaka Alan R. , Akib Arwin P. , Hadinegoro Sri Rezeki
Published: January 2017

The aims of the study were to review the clinical features of patient with suspected typhoid fever, to obtain features of the blood culture results, Widal, Typhidot tests and to identify the relationship between/prior antibiotic administration with laboratory findings. The study had been conducted since January 1, 1999 till January 31, 2000 with inclusion criteria (1) age of patient was 3 to 14 years, (2) patient with diagnosis of suspected typhoid fever and (3) gave consent to participate in the present study. Thirty-six patients were eligible for this study and the result showed that typhoid fever was encountered more commonly in girls with the most prevalent onset was in age 5 to 9 years and duration of fever was less than 8 days. Gastrointestinal tract disturbance was the most frequent complain after fever. Most patient showed negative results in blood culture examination and Widal test, and gave positive results in Typhidot/Typhidot M test as well. Antibiotic administration tended to influence blood culture and Widal test as to need consideration in evaluation of laboratory results. However, a conclusion still could not be drawn definitively that further study with adequate sample number and positive blood culture as criteria inclusion was needed.
Fenologia e trocas gasosas da videira cv. Sweet Sunshine em clima semiárido
Authors: Souza Essione Ribeiro , Amaro Amanda Cristina Esteves , Santos Laíse De Sousa , Ono Elizabeth Orika , Rodrigues João Domingos
Published: January 2017

Several physiological and environmental factors can influence the development and growth of vines cultivated in irrigated areas of the Brazilian semi-arid region. Therefore, it is necessary to characterize the phenology of ‘Sweet Sunshine’ grapevine under Sub-medium São Francisco Valley, Brazil conditions in order to set up the managements employed for the crop. To characterize the phenology 12 plants were selected, distributed in four repetitions, from the first growing season, both in the 2nd half of 2012 as in the 1st half of 2013. The observations of plant development phases were initiated immediately after pruning, ending at the harvest. Gas exchange measures as net CO2 assimilation rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, intercellular CO2 concentrations, water use efficiency, apparent carboxylation efficiency (Rubisco) and the photosynthetic photon flux density were performed at inflorescence, early flowering, growth and softening of berries phases. The productive characterization was performed weekly, determining the clusters fresh weight length; fresh weight, diameter, length and volume of the berries; soluble solids content and titratable acidity; fresh and dry weight, basal, median and apical diameter of the stems. It was found that physiological parameters induced changes in the characteristics of the plants for the two evaluated periods, since the behavior of the curve for gas exchange measurements were distinct, exhibiting productive and commercial potential.
Genetic diversity in peach cultivars
Authors: Matias Rosana Gonçalves Pires , Bruckner Cláudio Horst , Oliveira João Alison Alves , Carneiro Pedro Crescêncio Souza , Silva Danielle Fabíola Pereira , Santos Carlos Eduardo Magalhães
Published: January 2017

This study aimed to evaluate the genetic diversity among 28 peach cultivars and two nectarine cultivars, describing the most important characters in the diversity evaluation. The study was developed at the Federal University of Viçosa - Brazil, and the following characteristics were evaluated: fruit mass, suture, equatorial and polar diameters, firmness, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), SS/TA, ascorbic acid and carotenoids contents, skin and flesh color (coordinate b* and hue angle - °h). Genetic diversity in peach and nectarine cultivars enabled the formation of seven, six and six groups in the 2011, 2012 and 2013 crop years, respectively. The features that most contributed to this diversity were fruit mass, skin and flesh °h and firmness. The greatest genetic divergence was observed between ‘Marli’ and ‘Rubrosol’, ‘Josefina’ and ‘Maciel’ and ‘Maciel’ and ‘Rubrosol’ during the 2011, 2012 and 2013 crop years, respectively.
Biomass accumulation, plant biometrics and fruit production of watermelon according to changes in source/drain relations
Authors: Lins Hamurábi Anízio , Albuquerque José Ricardo Tavares de , Queiroga Roberto Cleiton F.ernandes de , Sá Francisco Vanies da Silva , Pereira Auderlan De Macena , Silva Ariano Barreto da , Paiva Emanoela Pereira de
Published: January 2017

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o acúmulo de biomassa, biometria de plantas e produção de melancia submetida a mudanças nas relações de fonte e dreno. O experimento foi conduzido na área experimental do CCTA / UFCG, PB, Brasil, no período de setembro a dezembro de 2013. Foram utilizadas sementes da cultivar "Sweet carmesim" e os tratamentos foram distribuídos em parcelas divididas em 2x4, com quatro Repetições. As parcelas foram constituídas por plantas cultivadas com diferentes números de frutos (1 e 2) e as subparcelas com poda dominante em diferentes estações de cultivo (25, 30, 35 e 40 dias após o transplante - DAT). As características de crescimento foram avaliadas. As modificações induzidas nas melancias por poda dominante do caule e desbaste do fruto proporcionaram mudanças nas partições de fotoassimilados e na produção de plantas. As modificações induzidas nas melancias pela poda dominante do caule e desbaste do fruto proporcionaram mudanças no acúmulo de biomassa, na biométrica e na produção de melancia nas frutas. O desbaste do dreno da planta (fruto) resultou em maior acúmulo de folhas de folhas quando comparado com o fruto, proporcionando uma massa seca total maior. As plantas cultivadas com duas frutas apresentaram o maior índice de colheita ea maior produção, com tamanho de fruto reduzido. A poda de mudas de mudas aos 40 dias após o transplante promoveu maior crescimento e produção de frutos de melancia.
Evaluation of sorption of lindane on activated carbon derived from rice straw and fungal biomass of Phanerochaete chrysosporium
Authors: El-Kady Ahmed Abdel Gawad , Jamil Tarek Samir , Khattab Abd El-Nasser Abd El-Hafez , Abdel-Ghaffar Hany Hussien
Published: January 2017

Utilizou-se palha de arroz para a preparação de carvão ativado por ativação química por impregnação com H3PO4 concentrado seguido de pirólise a 500 ºC por 2h. As propriedades físico-químicas foram investigadas por vários procedimentos; Análise elementar, microscopia eletrônica de varredura e características de porosidade. O modo experimental em lote foi aplicado para estudos de adsorção e biossorção. Uma análise de efeito de matriz é aplicada para correlacionar a capacidade de adsorção ou de biossorção de lindano com o tempo de agitação, os níveis iniciais de lindano e dose de carbono ou concentração de biossorvente. As imagens do microscópio eletrônico de varredura, equipadas com raios X de dispersão de energia, refletem o aumento da ativação termoquímica por H3PO4 no aumento da porosidade de AC. O comportamento de sorção do Lindano por Carvão Ativado (AC) e Phanerochaete chrysosporium, respectivamente, tem sido estudado para comparar os resultados obtidos, a fim de considerar o método de custo efetivo para o tratamento de águas residuais da agricultura. A capacidade de adsorção e os coeficientes de distribuição foram determinados para o sistema de adsorção em função da concentração de sorbato. Sob as concentrações estudadas, a adsorção de lindano por AC e sua biossorção por Phanerochaete chrysosporium combinam-se a Langmuir assim como isotermas de Freundlich. O comportamento de adsorção e biossorção foi avaliado por cálculo de constantes para cada modelo isotérmico. Finalmente, a Biossorção de Lindano por Phanerochaete chrysosporium mostrou maior e mais rápida remoção comparada com AC derivada de palha de arroz.
Potassium doses on the ecophysiological characteristics of ‘Syrah’ grapevine grown at São Francisco River Valley, Brazil
Authors: Melo Chaves Agnaldo Rodrigues de , José Silva Davi José , Tarso Aidar Saulo Tarso , Martins Santos Luciana Martins , Albuquerque Campos de Prado Karinne Albuquerque , Ricardo Silva Costa Bruno Silva
Published: January 2017

The nutrients availability can lead to changes on grapevines physiological behavior, which results in a great importance of studies regarding the application of potassium doses. The aim of this research was to evaluate the ecophysiological behavior of grapevine cultivar ‘Syrah’ growing under different potassium doses by fertigation, according to the determination of gas exchange, chlorophyll a, fluorescence and pigments index. Five years old plants, grafted on ‘Paulsen 1103’ rootstock, in a trellis system and planted at theBebedouro Experimental Field, located in Petrolina, PE, Brazil, were evaluated. The experiment was composed by five potassium doses (0, 20, 40, 80 and 160 kg ha-1), applied by fertigation. The potassium sources were potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate and potassium chloride. The evaluations of the ecophysiologyical parameters were performed at four different times (07am, 10am, 1pm and 3pm) throughout the day on the flowering stage and the first and second fruit growth stages, determining gas exchange and chlorophyll a fluorescence and the pigments index was evaluated at the same grapevines leaves one time. Considering each evaluation period, it was observed that, according to the magnitude of the results for gas exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence and pigments index, is not possible to indicate the best potassium dose. The climatic conditions during each period of evaluation influenced most the eco-physiological variables than the applied potassium doses, while the changes on pigments index were due to leaves development during the plant cycle.
Reliability and failure functions of some weighted systems
Authors: Nashwan Imad
Published: January 2017

In modern systems, not only the number and the position of the functioning or the failed components are the main factors that keep the system into the functioning state or transform it into failure state, but the contribution or the working probability of the component is also a very important one. This contribution is usually called the component weight. In this paper, the reliability and the failure functions of the consecutive weighted k-out-of-n: F linear and circular system, the weighted f-out-of-n: F system, the weighted Â (n,f,k) linear and circular system and the weighted Â linear and circular system are obtained.
Hardy and Hardy-Sobolev Spaces on Strongly
Lipschitz Domains and Some Applications
Authors: Chen Xiaming , Jiang Renjin , Yang Dachun
Published: January 2017

Let Ω ⊂ Rn be a strongly Lipschitz domain. In this article, the authors study Hardy spaces, Hp
r (Ω)and Hp
z (Ω), and Hardy-Sobolev spaces, H1,p
r (Ω) and H1,p
z,0 (Ω) on , for p ∈ ( n/n+1, 1]. The authors establish grand maximal function characterizations of these spaces. As applications, the authors obtain some div-curl lemmas in these settings and, when is a bounded Lipschitz domain, the authors prove that the divergence equation div u = f for f ∈ Hp
z (Ω) is solvable in H1,p
z,0 (Ω) with suitable regularity estimates.
Wittgenstein’s Thought-Experiments
Authors: Miščević Nenad
Published: January 2017

Wittgenstein’s

One immediate result of comparing Wittgenstein’s thought-experiments with their counterparts in the analytic mainstream reveals an interesting trait: they are merely suggestive, in the sense that the theses they point to are rarely put forward explicitly, and even more rarely argued for in the manner that is nowadays fashionable in the mainstream. The paper briefly points to the difference by using the examples of Saul Kripke’s (1982) presentation of Rule-following and the unorthodox reading of the Builders by Charles Travis (1989), to illustrate the potential of the merely suggestive material for re-interpretation by a creative thinker.
Wittgenstein as a Common-Sense Realist
Authors: Nyíri Kristóf
Published: January 2017

The later Wittgenstein is widely held to be a relativist, indeed a constructivist. By contrast, this paper argues that all appearances to the contrary Wittgenstein was a realist, and that this fact becomes almost conspicuous in his late-1940s manuscripts. His realism was a common-sense one, the only kind of realism worthy of the name. Wittgenstein’s common-sense realism has unique traits: first, an uncompromising stress on deviations from ordinary language as a source of (bad) philosophy. Secondly, his awareness of the significance of the pictorial & the motor. Thirdly, his emphasis on established use, that is, on traditions. In the later Wittgenstein, philosophical realism and social conservatism converge.
Philosophy from an ‘Anthropological’ Point of View
Authors: Munz Volker A.
Published: January 2017

In this paper I shall try to introduce a few aspects on the possible influence Piero Sraffa had on Wittgenstein’s later philosophy. Although we do not have many explicit sources, we find a few remarks in Wittgenstein’s manuscripts that contain Sraffa’s name in brackets. And interestingly enough they almost all deal with the fundamental relation between rules and empirical propositions. Wittgenstein raises questions such as: Do grammatical rules only say that words are actually used in a particular way? Do mathematical propositions describe how human beings usually calculate? Are the rules of chess descriptions of how the game has always been played? Wittgenstein’s discussions of these questions also had an impact on his philosophical turn towards an ‘anthropological’ point of view.
Hierarchical Decision-Making Problems – Modeling and Solutions
Authors: Krupa Tadeusz , Ostrowska Teresa
Published: January 2017

Article illustrates the state of the work conducted at the Faculty of Management Warsaw
University of Technology on the issue of modeling hierarchical decision-making problems in the context
of administrative and infrastructural conditions of the various forms of public safety. The aim is
to develop a universal methodology of conduct for the management needs of the public administration,
whose powers are focused on maintaining the continuity of the critical infrastructure of the State.
The key issues covered by the article are: modeling of hierarchical issues and decision-making processes
in the multi-layered organizational structures; harmonization of scales significance of decisionmaking
areas with significance weights of elementary decisions in these decision areas; and a priori
contradictions of elementary decisions from different decision areas and value assessments of taken
problem decisions.
Influence of Mobile Users’ Density Distribution on the CDMA Base Station Power
Authors: Lebl Aleksandar , Mitić Dragan , Popović Miroslav , Markov Žarko , Mileusnić Mladen , Matić Vladimir
Published: January 2017

In this paper we analyze the influence of users’ density distribution in one cell of CDMA mobile network (ie adjusted power control on the forward link) on base station emission power. This influence is analyzed for different circles radii around base station within which same emission power is generated for all mobile users, and for different values of propagation loss coefficient. It is proved that emission power in this cell must be increased comparing to the similar cell, which uses complete power control. The power increase is greater when greater number of users are situated near base station, and for greater values of propagation loss coefficient. The results are presented, illustrated by numerical examples and verified by simulation for three users’ density distributions: uniform, decreasing and increasing density from the base station to the cell rim. The simulation process, which is based on random traffic process, is presented briefly.
Impact of the Cooling Equipment on the Key Design Parameters of a Core–Form Power Transformer
Authors: Orosz Tamás , Tamus Zoltán Ádám
Published: January 2017

The first step in the transformer design process is to find the active part’s key design parameters. This is a non-linear mathematical optimisation task, which becomes more complex if the economic conditions are considered by the capitalisation of the losses. Geometric programming combined with the method of branch and bound can be an effective and accurate tool for this task even in the case of core-form power transformers, when formulating the short-circuit impedance in the required form is problematic. Most of the preliminary design methods consider only the active part of the transformer and the capitalised costs in order to determine the optimal key design parameters. In this paper, an extension of this meta-heuristic transformer optimisation model, which takes the cost of the insulating oil and the cooling equipment into consideration, is presented. Moreover, the impact of the new variables on the optimal key design parameters of a transformer design is examined and compared with the previous algorithm in two different economic scenarios. Significant difference can be found between the optimal set of key-design parameters if these new factors are considered.
Plastic Deformation Influence on Intrinsic Magnetic Field of Austenitic Biomaterials
Authors: Smetana Milan , Čápová Klára , Chudáčik Vladimír , Palček Peter , Oravcová Monika
Published: January 2017

This article deals with non-destructive evaluation of austenitic stainless steels, which are used as the biomaterials in medical practice. Intrinsic magnetic field is investigated using the fluxgate sensor, after the applied plastic deformation. The three austenitic steel types are studied under the same conditions, while several values of the deformation are applied, respectively. The obtained results are presented and discussed in the paper.
Dynamic Analysis of Overhead Power Lines after Ice–Shedding Using Finite Element Method
Authors: Murín Justín , Hrabovský Juraj , Gogola Roman , Janíček František
Published: January 2017

In this paper, the analysis of ice-shedding from ACSR conductors to its swing up height and vibration using Finite Element Method (FEM) is presented. For the numerical simulations the effective material properties of the ACSR conductor are calculated using the homogenisation method. Numerical analysis concerning vibration of one and triple-bundle conductors with icing for a whole range or on their certain parts are performed. The impact of ice-shedding to the mechanical tension in the conductors at the points of attachment is investigated and evaluated. Identification of the impact of ice-shedding from the ACSR conductors on its mechanical state may contribute to increasing the safety and quality of an electrical transmission system.
Reconstruction of α–Iron 〈100〉 Symmetric Tilt Grain Boundaries Σ17(410) and Σ13(510)
Authors: Vitkovská Eva , Ballo Peter
Published: January 2017

A detailed numerical study on structure of symmetric tilt grain boundaries in α-iron is presented. The study is focused on structural and energetic optimization of 〈100〉 grain boundaries Σ5(210), Σ5(310), Σ17(410) and Σ13(510). Particular attention is given to grain boundary reconstruction, which is characterized by increased atomic density in grain boundary plane compared to bulk. The results of our numerical experiments significantly improved our knowledge about the migration of atoms between planes perpendicular as well as parallel to GB plane as an essential part of grain boundary reconstruction.
Low Power Consumption Digital Clock Recovery Circuit Based on Threshold Crossing
Authors: Perić Dragana , Perić Miroslav
Published: January 2017

In this paper a new structure of digital clock recovery — DCR circuit is presented. The main features of this DCR are: low complexity design, low power consumption and a single system clock operation. Thus, multiple instantiation of this type of DCR on a single chip is not complex. Due to this, such DCR can target application in energy-efficient cognitive radio systems with carrier aggregation. For performance evaluation, we have derived Markov chain based mathematical model for peak-to-peak and root mean square jitter performance analysis. The stability problem of this model, rising from the fact that some phase error states have several orders of magnitude lower probabilities than the others, is solved using mathematical apparatus for symbolic analysis. The mathematical model validity is examined by laboratorial measurements of proposed DCR for 4-PAM signal. The measurement methodology and results are described in details.
New Compressed Sensing ISAR Imaging Algorithm Based on Log–Sum Minimization
Authors: Ping Cheng , Jiaqun Zhao
Published: January 2017

To improve the performance of inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging based on compressed sensing (CS), a new algorithm based on log-sum minimization is proposed. A new interpretation of the algorithm is also provided. Compared with the conventional algorithm, the new algorithm can recover signals based on fewer measurements, in looser sparsity condition, with smaller recovery error, and it has obtained better sinusoidal signal spectrum and imaging result for real ISAR data. Therefore, the proposed algorithm is a promising imaging algorithm in CS ISAR.
The New Field Quantities and the Poynting Theorem in Material Medium with Magnetic Monopoles
Authors: Zor Ömer
Published: January 2017

The duality transformation was used to define the polarization mechanisms that arise from magnetic monopoles. Then, a dimensional analysis was conducted to describe the displacement and magnetic intensity vectors (constitutive equations) in SI units. Finally, symmetric Maxwell equations in a material medium with new field quantities were introduced. Hence, the Lorentz force and the Poynting theorem were defined with these new field quantities, and many possible definitions of them were constructed.
A Method for Continuous Tuning of MOSFET–RC Filters with Extended Control Range
Authors: Kiela Karolis , Navickas Romualdas
Published: January 2017

In this paper a tuning structure for a MOSFET?RC filters is presented. The proposed tuning structure is composed of switched resistor banks with voltage controlled transistors. The voltage controlled transistors use active feedback with extended control range for continuous filter parameter tuning, without degrading the total linearity performance of the filter. The proposed tuning structure is tested by implementing it in a second order low pass biquadratic filter cell in 65 nm CMOS technology. The designed filter has a highly reconfigurable response, ranging from Chebyshev to Bessel, a tuneable -3 dB bandwidth from 10 MHz to 100 MHz and can be used for multiple standard wireless solutions. Filter IIP3 performance is not degraded when the bandwidth is continuously tuned by 40 % with a 1 V pp input. The maximum power dissipation, including active feedback circuits, is 17.2 mW from a 1.2 V source when the filter is tuned to 100 MHz bandwidth.
Effects of HSQ e–beam Resist Processing on the Fabrication of ICP–RIE Etched TiO2 Nanostructures
Authors: Hotovy Ivan , Kostic Ivan , Predanocy Martin , Nemec Pavol , Rehacek Vlastimil
Published: January 2017

Patterning of metal oxide nanostructures with different shapes and well-defined size may play an important role in the improvement of MEMS systems, sensors and optical devices. We investigated the effects of HSQ e-beam resist processing on the fabrication of sputtered TiO2 nanostructures. They were patterned using direct write e-beam lithography combined with ICP-RIE etching in CF4/Ar plasma. Experimental results confirmed that the HSQ resist with a thickness of about 600 nm is suitable as a masking material for optimal etching process and allows patterning of the dots array in TiO2 sputtered films with a thickness up 150 nm. TiO2 arrays with a minimal dots diameter of 180 nm and spacing of 1000 nm were successfully developed.
Flood Risk in Szeged before River Engineering Works: A Historical Reconstruction
Authors: Szalontai Csaba
Published: January 2017

Szeged situated at the confluence of the Tisza and the Maros Rivers has been exposed to significant flood risk for centuries due to its low elevation and its location on the low floodplain level. After the Ottoman (Turkish) occupation of Hungary (ended in 1686), secondary sources often reported that the town was affected by devastating floods which entered the area from north, and a great part of the town or its whole area was inundated. Natural and artificial infill reduced the flood risk to some extent after the town had been founded, but in the 19th century flood risk was mitigated by river engineering and the reconstruction of the town. The town relief was raised by a huge amount of sediment, which makes it difficult to determine the elevation of the original relief as well as the exact flood risk of the study area. However, some engineering surveys originating from the 19th century contain hundreds of levelling data in a dense control point network making possible to model the relief of the whole town preceding its reconstruction and ground infill. Based on these data, we prepared a relief model which was compared with the known data of the 1772 flood peak, from which we deduced that 60% of the town must have been inundated before it was filled up. As there could have been 50-100 cm thick natural or artificial ground infill since the 11th century, the original natural relief can be gained by deducting these data. Based on this deduction, the extent of inundation centuries ago could reach 85%, which means almost total flooding.
Image Based Surface Temperature Extraction and Trend Detection in an Urban Area of West Bengal, India
Authors: Ziaul Sk , Pal Swades
Published: January 2017

Rapid urbanization and change of landuse/landcover results in changes of the thermal spectrum of a city even in small cities like English Bazaar Municipality (EBM) of Malda district. Monitoring the spatio-temporal surface temperature patterns is important, therefore, the present paper attempts to extract spatio-temporal surface temperature from thermal band of Landsat imageries and tries to validate it with factor based Land Surface Temperature (LST) models constructed based on six proxy temperature variables for selected time periods (1991, 2010 and 2014). Seasonal variation of temperature is also analyzed from the LST models over different time phases. Landsat TIRS based LST shows that in winter season, the minimum and maximum LST have raised up 2.32°C and 3.09°C in last 25 years. In pre monsoon season, the increase is much higher (2.80°C and 6.74°C) than in the winter period during the same time frame. In post monsoon season, exceptional situation happened due to high moisture availability caused by previous monsoon rainfall spell. Trend analysis revealed that the LST has been rising over time. Expansion and intensification of built up land as well as changing thermal properties of the urban heartland and rimland strongly control LST. Factor based surface temperature models have been prepared for the same period of times as done in case of LST modeling. In all seasons and selected time phases, correlation coefficient values between the extracted spatial LST model and factor based surface temperature model varies from 0.575 to 0.713 and these values are significant at 99% confidence level. So, thinking over ecological growth of urban is highly required for making the environment ambient for living.
Water Quality Survey of Streams from Retezat Mountains (Romania)
Authors: Pascariu Mihai-Cosmin , Tulucan Tiberiu , Niculescu Mircea , Sebarchievici Iuliana , Ștefănuț Mariana Nela
Published: January 2017

The Retezat Mountains, located in the Southern Carpathians, are one of the highest massifs in Romania and home of the Retezat National Park, which possesses an important biological value. This study aimed at the investigation of water quality in creeks of the Southern Retezat (Piule-Iorgovanul Mountains) in order to provide information on pollutants of both natural and anthropogenic origin, which could pose a threat for the human health. Heavy metal and other inorganic ion contents of samples were analyzed with on-site and laboratory measurements to estimate water quality. The samples were investigated using microwave plasma - atomic emission spectrometry to quantify specific elements, namely aluminium, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, lead and zinc. The results were compared with the European Union and Romanian standards regarding drinking water and surface water quality. The studied heavy metals have been found to be in very low concentrations or under the method’s detection limit. Thus, in the microbasin corresponding to the sampling points, there seems to be no heavy metal pollution and, from this point of view, the samples comply as drinking water according to the European Union and Romanian recommendations. Our findings confirm that the Retezat Mountains are still among the least contaminated regions in Europe and that the ecosystem and the human health is not negatively influenced by water quality problems.
Estimation of the Changes in the Rainfall Erosivity in Hungary
Authors: Mezősi Gábor , Bata Teodóra
Published: January 2017

According to the forecasts of numerous regional models (eg. REMO, ALADIN, PREGIS), the number of predicted rainfall events decreases, but they are not accompanied by considerably less precipitation. It represents an increase in rainfall intensity. It is logical to ask (if the limitations of the models make it possible) to what extent rainfall intensity is likely to change and where these changes are likely to occur in the long run. Rain intensity is considered to be one of the key causes of soil erosion. If we know which areas are affected by more intense rain erosion, we can identify the areas that are likely to be affected by stronger soil erosion, and we can also choose effective measures to reduce erosion. This information is necessary to achieve the neutral erosion effect as targeted by the EU. We collected the precipitation data of four stations every 30 minute between 2000 and 2013, and we calculated the estimated level of intensity characterizing the Carpathian Basin. Based on these data, we calculated the correlation of the measured data of intensity with the values of the MFI index (the correlation was 0.75). According to a combination of regional climate models, precipitation data could be estimated until 2100, and by calculating the statistical relationship between the previous correlation and this data sequence, we could estimate the spatial and temporal changes of rainfall intensity.
Identification and Spectral Evaluation of Agricultural Crops on Hyperspectral Airborne Data
Authors: Csendes Bálint , Mucsi László
Published: January 2017

Hyperspectral remote sensing combined with advanced image processing techniques is an efficient tool for the identification of agricultural crops. In our study we pursued spectral analysis on a relatively small sample area using low number of training points to examine the potential of high resolution imagery. Spectral separability measurements were applied to reveal spectral overlapping between 4 crop species and for the discrimination we also used statistical comparisons such as plotting the PC values and calculating standard deviation of single band reflectance values on our classes. These statistical results were proven to be good indicators of spectral similarity and potential confusion of data samples. The classification of Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) had an overall accuracy of 72% for the four species where the poorest results were obtained from the test points of garlic and sugar beet. Comparing the statistical analyses we concluded that spectral homogeneity does not necessarily have influence on the accuracy of mapping, whereas separability scores strongly correlate with classification results, implying also that preliminary statistical assessments can improve the efficiency of training site selection and provide useful information to specify some technical requirements of airborne hyperspectral surveys.
Strategies to Improve Sustainability in Urban Landscape, Literature Review
Authors: Rakhshandehroo Mehdi , Mohd Yusof Mohd Johari , Arabi Roozbeh , Jahandarfard Rasul
Published: January 2017

Decreasing green spaces is a significant concern in today’s compact cities while they provide various dimensions of sustainability; therefore, sustainable development has become the key idea to solve a series of environmental, economic and social problems. Because urban green space can be seen from different distinct disciplinary perspectives, this study reviews theories and material based on multidisciplinary and transdisciplinary approaches. Urban development and renewal should be accompanied by a green vision, to insert more plantable spaces into the urban environment. Therefore, sustainable urban planning, design and management are needed to improve urban greening by innovative and creative strategies.
Time-Spatial Contextuality, Complexity, and Integrity of the Development and Cognition of Landscape Ecology (Selected Theoretical and Meta-Scientific Aspects)
Authors: Žigrai Florin
Published: January 2017

The view of the development and cognition of landscape ecology should not be an isolated one. In order to comprehend the connection, complexity and cohesion of natural and social nature which influence the genesis, development and function of landscape ecology should be studied in time-spatial and landscape-ecological contextuality, complexity and integrity. This paper is devoted to the topic of time-spatial contextuality, complexity, and integrity of landscape ecology as a science approached from two points of view: firstly, the potential development of landscape ecology reflecting its object and approach of research and secondly, cognition of landscape ecology by landscape ecologists, i.e. subject of landscape ecological research. The mission of this paper is to at least partially enlighten so far less studied meta-scientific research field by means of selected theoretical and meta-scientific aspects.
Improvement of bio-compatible AZ61 magnesium alloy corrosion resistance by fluoride conversion coating
Authors: Drábiková J. , Pastorek F. , Fintová S. , Doležal P. , Wasserbauer J.
Published: January 2017

Magnesium and its alloys are perspective bio-degradable materials used mainly due to their mechanical properties similar to those of mammal bones. Potential problems in utilization of magnesium alloys as bio-materials may relate to their rapid degradation which is associated with resorption problems and intensive hydrogen evolution. These problems can be eliminated by magnesium alloys surface treatment. Therefore, this work aims with analysis of the influence of fluoride conversion coating on corrosion characteristics of magnesium alloy. Unconventional technique by insertion of wrought magnesium alloy AZ61 into molten Na[BF4] salt at temperature of 450 °C at different treatment times was used for fluoride conversion coating preparation. The consequent effect of the coating on magnesium alloy corrosion was analyzed by means of linear polarization in simulated body fluid solution at 37 ± 2 °C. The obtained results prove that this method radically improve corrosion resistance of wrought AZ61magnesium alloy even in the case of short time of coating preparation.
Wear of PVD coated tools for joining by clinching method
Authors: Kubík R. , Kaščák Ľ. , Spišák E.
Published: January 2017

Clinching is a joining method in which sheet metal parts are deformed locally by creating a mechanical interlock without the use of any additional elements such as screws or rivets. Steel sheets are plastically deformed and the shape of the tools remains theoretically unchanged during the clinching process. The clinching tool with a rigid die of ø5 mm with a specially formed gap and a punch of ø3.6 mm were used for mechanical joining of hot-dip galvanized dual-phase steel sheets HCT600X of 0.8 mm thickness. The punch and die were deposited by PVD coating of CrN and TiCN type with LARC technology. The state of the coating was evaluated and documented by scanning electron microscopy – SEM. The wear of the coating was evaluated after each 50 manufactured joints starting with the initial state of tool.
Morphological probabilistic hierarchies for
texture segmentation
Authors: Jeulin Dominique
Published: January 2017

A general methodology is introduced for texture segmentation in binary, scalar, or multispectral
images. Textural information is obtained from morphological operations on images. Starting from a fine partition
of the image in regions, hierarchical segmentations are designed in a probabilistic framework by means
of probabilistic distances conveying the textural or morphological information, and of random markers accounting
for the morphological content of the regions and of their spatial arrangement. The probabilistic
hierarchies are built from binary or multiple fusion of regions.
Experimental Electric Vehicle eŠus Gen2
Authors: Břoušek Josef , Bukvic Martin , Jandura Pavel
Published: January 2017

In the introduction to the article, the conception and development of an experimental electric vehicle is described. It is followed by a description of the used mechanical and electrical components in combination with the design solutions of sub-units, such as the vehicle powertrain and traction battery. The choice of components and design solutions is evaluated here with regard to the current trends in the development of battery electric vehicles.