bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morphology Character and Andrographolide Quantifications on Sambiloto ( Andrographis paniculata (Burm.F.) Nees) Karakter Morfologi dan Kuantifikasi Andrografolid Pada Sambiloto ( Andrographis paniculata (Burm.F.) Nees )
Authors: Prihatini Retno , Syarif Auzar , Bakhtiar Amri
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTThe Morphology character and andrographolide quantification on Sambiloto (A. Paniculata) that growth in Sawah Dangka Jorong Gaduik, Tilatang Kamang, Agam (S 00o16159.311 E100o23110.311)  have been studied.  The Morphology character  of  A. Paniculata on generative fase  have been done in the field and Laboratorium of Biology Department, Andalas University. Quantification of  andrographolide constituen were analysed by using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) in Chemical of Nature Resources Laboratorium, Pharmacy Faculty, Andalas University. The result showed that Morphology character of  Sambiloto ( A. Paniculata ) include parameters  ie. range of height plant ( 27-45 cm) ; range of nodus numerous ( 10-14 ); range of leaf-7 size (length; width)  ( 3.8-4.1 ; 0.8-1.1) cm; range of branch numerous ( 8-10), leaf dry weight rate  (2.482 g ), stem dry weight rate  ( 5.882 g ), and day old flowering rate  ( 110 day ). The Result of quantification secondary metabolite with high economic value, namely andrographolide showed respectively with level  2.208% (vegetative) and  2.780 % (generative).  Key Words : Andrographis paniculata, morpology chracter, andrographolide quantification  ABSTRAKTelah dilakukan studi tentang Karakter morfologi dan kuantifikasi senyawa andrografolide pada tanaman Sambiloto (A. Paniculata) yang hidup di Sawah Dangka Jorong Gaduik, Tilatang Kamang, Agam (S 00o16159.311 E100o23110.311). Karakter morfologi   A. Paniculata pada fase generative telah dilakukan di lapangan dan di  Laboratorium di Jurusan Biologi Universitas Andalas. Kuantifikasi senyawa andrografolid dianalisa dengan menggunakan High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) di Laboratorium Kimia Bahan Alam, Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Andalas.  Hasil menunjukkan bahwa karakter morfologi Sambiloto    ( A. Paniculata ) meliputi parameter  yaitu kisaran tinggi tanaman ( 27-45 cm) ; kisaran jumlah nodus ( 10-14 ); kisaran ukuran daunke-7  (panjang; lebar)  ( 3,8-4,1 ; 0,8-1,1) cm; kisaran jumlah cabang ( 8-10), rata-rata berat kering daun  (2,482 g ), rata-rata berat kering batang ( 5,882 g ), and rata-rata umur berbunga  ( 110 day ).  Hasil kuantifikasi metabolit sekunder dengan nilai ekonomi tinggi, yang dikenal sebagai senyawa andrografolid menunjukkan level   2,208%  (vegetatif) dan 2,780 % (generatif). Kata kunci: Andrographis paniculata, karakter morfologi, kuantifikasi andrografolid.
Systematic Literature Review of My Health Record System
Authors: Mesquita Rafael Carneiro de , Edwards Ian
Published: March 2020

Background: On 2010 Australia launched a personally controlled electronic health record (PCEHR) later renamed and augmented by the My Health Record Act 2012 Cth. The main goal of the present systematic literature review was to assess if the system has improved Australia’s healthcare system according to the objectives stated by the federal government in the My Health Record Act 2012 Cth. Methods: This systematic literature review was based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Results: Despite the MyHR system being available for seven years, there is limited empirical evaluation regarding its progress in achieving the stated goals. The results were segregated in four themes: (1) health information fragmentation, (2) Health information quality and management, (3) adverse medical events and duplication of treatment and (4) coordination of care. Regarding theme 1, it was evidenced that the system could reduce health information fragmentation; however, gaps in the workforce adoption were identified as a problem. About topic 2, improved access to information and possible misinterpretation were found. Theme 3 lacked research and theme 4 presented contradiction in the results. 

Conclusion: The My Health Record (MyHR) system is founded on four key objectives. However, there is insufficient evidence that any outcomes have been achieved relating to any of the objectives. Research is required to determine whether the MyHR system helped improve Australia’s healthcare system according to the objectives stated in the Act 2012.
Pocket E-Li: Listening Assessment Made Easy
Authors: Sulaiman Norazean , Faizul Ganapathy Nurul Nadiah Dewi , Ismayatim Wan Faizatul Azirah
Published: March 2020

Listening skills should be given more attention as listening takes precedence over anything else when it comes to acquiring a language (Putriani, Sukirlan & Supriyadi, 2013). Even with the booming of various technology to facilitate teaching and learning of listening skills in class, the assessment conducted to identify students’ level of understanding of certain topic is still not up-to-date and not parallel with the advancement of technology. The current studies show that the use of mobile apps for listening purpose is proven to be effective in reducing students’ anxiety (Rahimi & Soleymani, 2015), sustaining students’ motivation (Read & Kukulska-Hulme, 2015), and improving students’ linguistic competencies (Ramos & Valderruten, 2017). This study is aimed to test the effectiveness of mobile application in assessing students’ listening skills. Diploma students from various faculties in UiTM Shah Alam were randomly chosen to answer listening comprehension questions via the prototype developed, named Pocket E-Li. The results demonstrate that the majority of the students provided positive response towards the implementation of mobile application for listening assessment. Almost all respondents agreed that listening assessment should be conducted via mobile application in the future. It can be concluded that listening assessment via mobile application is beneficial to students since it meets the students’ demands and needs which is equivalent with the use of current technology.
Communication Issues at the Workplace
Authors: Nordin Nur Sabrina , Jelani Farzana
Published: March 2020

Working environment communication is fundamental to cooperation. In addition to the fact that it builds and looks after connections, work environment communication encourages development. However, the barriers in communication can be a hindrance to information being communicated successfully. This study aims to study the communication issues that are faced by Malaysian employees in the workplace. A questionnaire was developed and distributed to Malaysian workers that comprised of various departments in Malaysia. The questionnaire comprises of questions on the communication problems in the context of the workplace in terms of the language barrier and physical environment. The participants that had contributed to this study were as much as 41 respondents. The respondents involved had assessed the survey based on their personal experiences in their respective organizations. Based on the results of the study, it can be seen on how the language barrier and physical environment of the workplace affect the employees’ conditions. The findings of this study can help employers view these challenges more seriously and consider the possible solutions to the problems that have been discussed. This paper is concluded by providing future researchers recommendations on various communication problems in the workplace to be further investigated and analysed in a more comprehensive manner.
Establishing Effective Learning Activities to Facilitate Undergraduate Professional Interaction Course
Authors: Abu Samah Siti Akmar , Mohan Rajani Chandra , Dass Laura Christ , Subramaniam Geetha
Published: March 2020

English for Professional Interaction is a course that was designed to prepare final year undergraduates for communicative demands in the workplace. As communication is an essential element in professional socialization, undergraduates preparing to complete their tertiary education are required to do this course to develop their interpersonal skills through communicative language activities modelled on situations in the workplace. However, novice language teachers who lack workplace-based inter-professional practice, face challenges not only in developing teaching content, but also in aligning teaching materials with workplace contexts. This paper explores the utility of developing a variety of methods and materials drawn primarily from sources for improving core interpersonal skills alongside communicative proficiency to help novice ESL teachers/facilitators. Novice ESL teachers refer to teachers in service with less than 5 years of teaching experience. Taking a conceptual approach, it provides insights for content development and illuminates the importance of bridging the gap between university-based inter-professional education and workplace-based inter-professional practical experience for L2 novice teachers. Obliquely, it helps L2 undergraduates develop real value for language and proper outlook on communication.
English for Occupational Purposes for Arts Students: Alumni Feedback
Authors: Mat Daud Nuraihan , Jaafar Nurul Syafieqah , Mat Daud Nor Shidrah
Published: March 2020

Alumni feedback is an important means of determining whether a course is of relevance to the students’ needs.  One of the courses that would benefit from their feedback is English for Occupational Purposes.  Based on the practice at the workplace, graduates can provide information whether what was taught could be applied to their working environment.  This study seeks to ascertain whether an EOP course is relevant to the needs of the graduates.  A questionnaire survey was conducted, and a total of thirty alumni of an Arts Faculty responded to the survey.  The findings indicate that the students benefited from the course, but a number of improvements can be made to make the course more effective. The study also highlighted the form of language used at work. The use of standard English, Malaysian English and Malay were found to be the highest in making small talks.
Enhancing the efficiency of infrastructure projects to improve access to finance
Authors: Bisbey Jyoti , Nourzad Seyed Hossein Hosseini , Chu Ching-Yuan , Ouhadi Maryam
Published: March 2020

While there has been much discussion about the large infrastructure needs in Asia and the Pacific, less attention has been paid to public expenditure efficiency in infrastructure services delivery. New constructions are not the only solution, especially when governments have limited capital to invest. Globally, new infrastructure projects face delays and cost overruns, leading to an inefficient use of public resources. The root causes include the lack of transparency in project selection, the lack of project preparation, the silo approach by public entities in assessing feasibility studies, and the lack of public sector capacity to fully develop a bankable pipeline of projects. To tackle these issues, governments need a smarter investment approach and to do so, enhancing public service efficiency is very crucial. The paper suggests a “whole life cycle” (WLC) approach as the main strategic solution for the discussed issues and challenges. We expand the definition of WLC to include the entire life cycle of the infrastructure asset from need identification to its disposal. The stages comprise planning, preparation, procurement, design, construction, operation and maintenance, and disposal. This is because we believe any efficient or inefficient decision throughout such a wide life cycle influences the quality of public services. Hence, in this holistic approach, infrastructure life cycle consists of four phases: planning, preparation, procurement, and implementation. Governments could enhance public efficiency and thus improve access to finance throughout the WLC by several solutions. These are (i) preparing infrastructure master plan and pipelines and long-term budgeting during the planning phase; (ii) establishing framework and guidelines and improving governance during preparation phase; (iii) promoting standardization, transparency, open government, and contractual consistency during the procurement phase; and finally (iv) continued role of government and total asset management during the implementation phase. In addition to these phase-specific means, key WLC solutions include proper use of technology, capacity building, and private participation in general and public-private partnership (PPP) in particular.
Preliminary in Vitro Investigations on The Inhibitory Activity of The Original Dietary Supplement Oxidal® on Pathogenic Bacterial Strains
Authors: Popova Prof. Teodora P. , Petrova Toshka , Ignatov Ignat , Karadzhov Stoil
Published: March 2020

The antimicrobial action of the dietary supplement Oxidal® was tested using the classic Bauer and Kirby agar-gel diffusion method. Clinical and reference strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were used in the studies. The tested dietary supplement showed a well-pronounced inhibitory effect against the microbial strains commensurable with that of the broad-spectrum chemotherapeutic agent Enrofloxacin and showed even higher activity than the broad spectrum antibiotic Thiamphenicol. The proven inhibitory effect of the tested dietary supplement against the examined pathogenic bacteria is in accordance with the established clinical effectiveness standards for antimicrobial agents.
Tourists Forecast Lanzhou Based on the Baolan High-Speed Railway by the Arima Model
Authors: Li Lijun , Wang Yaru , Li Xiaoyue
Published: March 2020

According to the analysis from the number of tourists who went to Lanzhou during 2009–2019, the ARIMA model of the number of tourists to Lanzhou was established. The results show that the AR(3) model is used to predict the number of tourists who traveled to Lanzhou during 2009–2019. The average relative error between the predicted value and the actual value is 1.03%, which can be used to predict and analyze the number of tourists in Lanzhou in the future.
DIFFICULTIES IN DIAGNOSING SECONDARY ARTHROPATHY AND MAJOR CLINICAL SYNDROMES OF MYELOMA
Authors:   Department of Internal Medicine № 3, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Mustafakulova Namuna Ibragimovna , Kamolova Guldzhahon Negmatovna ,   Department of Internal Medicine № 3, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University
Published: March 2020

Objective: To study the difficulties in the diagnosis of secondary arthropathy and the major clinical syndromes of myeloma. Methods: Fifteen patients with myeloma in age from 63 to 77 years old were examined: with a solitary form of myeloma – 3 people (group I) and 12 patients with multiple myeloma (MM) (group II). Residents of a village were nine, and the city – 6 people. Stage II of myeloma was noted in six cases, stage III – also in six observations. Results: The following difficulties and errors in diagnosis were identified: the identity of the clinical symptoms peculiar to both myeloma and radiculopathy (66.6%), neuralgia (58.3%), rheumatic diseases (41.6%); insufficient clinical analysis of the information received (73.3%); under accounting of available research data (66.0%); incomplete clinical study of the patient (60.0%). In 25% of cases, patients were treated for severe anemia and in 16.6% of chronic renal failure without specifying the causal factors of the disease. Careful history collection and study of clinical symptoms showed that even before the appearance of bright symptoms were observed: fatigue (100%); rapid fatigability (100%); migrating bone pain (98%), the bones prone to buildup after changing the body position (100%). The main symptoms of the disease are bone pain and myeloma nephropathy, accompanied by protein pathology syndrome and hypercalcemia. As the progression of the disease was characterized by manifestations of visceral, hypercalcemic, hemorrhagic, intoxication and immunodeficiency syndromes. Bone changes in MM were radiographically, manifested by diffuse lesions of the bone tissue and the foci of the destruction of various more rounded shapes. Conclusion: It is advisable to consider the following symptoms, suggestive of a possible myeloma: persistent polyarthralgia and any persistent neuro-radicular symptoms; normochromic anemia with a sharp acceleration of ESR, rapid progression and refractoriness to conventional antianemic therapy; pronounced proteinuria without extra renal symptoms. Consideration of clinical and laboratory parameters of the disease and X-ray signs of osteoarticular changes will contribute to earlier detection of myeloma and will reduce the incidence of complications. Keywords: Myeloma, arthropathy, hypercalcemia, thrombocytopenia, Bens-Jones protein.
THE POSSIBILITIES OF USING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN MANAGEMENT OF THE ORGANIZATION’S PROCESSES OF EMERGENCY MEDICAL CARE
Authors:   Department of Public Health and Healthcare with the Course of Social Work, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Professor V.F. VoinoYasenetsky, Korotkova Ksenia Mikhaylovna , Shulmin Andrey Vladimirovich ,   Department of Public Health and Healthcare with the Course of Social Work, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky
Published: March 2020

Objective: Improvement of the model of the automated control system to support the decision-making in the field of emergency medical care to the population of a large industrial center. Methods: The analysis of the activity of the ambulance station was studied the existing normative legal acts regulating the activity of emergency medical aid. A detailed study of software KGBUZ «KSSMP» – an automated control system (ASU) «MISS 03», working system of dispatching of vehicles – «AutoGRAPH». To create a model of its own software, the C++ programming language was used. Results: The model of the AnScor+ software and hardware complex created by us is organized as a distributed client-server system. The end devices are data collection terminals (mobile phones of ambulance crews running the Android operating system); a client-server Android application was developed for them. The interaction between mobile terminals, dispatcher terminals, and the MISS-03 automated control system is carried out centrally through the software of the AnScor+ server. Conclusion: The creation of such analytical services to ensure the solutions of the problems of transport logistics, automated patient flow management will allow realizing in practice the advanced algorithms of the medical emergency services, significantly improve the main performance indicators, such as the promptness of quality and the volume of medical care. Keywords: Ambulance, informatization, automated control system, healthcare, patient flows.
CORRECTION OF SOFT-TISSUE DEFECTS AND CONSEQUENCES OF NEUROVASCULAR BUNDLES DAMAGE OF THE UPPER EXTREMITIES
Authors:   Department of Surgical Diseases № 2, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Karim-zade Gulandom Dzhangovarovna , Malikov Mirzobadal Khalifaevich ,   Department of Surgical Diseases № 2, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Ibragimov Erkindzhon Karimdzhonovich ,   Department of Operative Surgery and Topographic Anatomy, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Khayrulloi Narzillo ,   Republican Scientific Center for Cardiovascular Surgery, Mirzobekov Khurshed Fayzmamadovich ,   Department of Surgical Diseases № 2, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Makhmadkulova Nigora Akhtamovna ,   Department of Operative Surgery and Topographic Anatomy, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University
Published: March 2020

Objective: Improving the results of the post-traumatic soft tissue defects and the consequences of damage of the neurovascular bundles of the upper limbs (CDNBUL), determining the sequence of repairing damaged structures. Methods: The results of various surgical interventions in 60 patients with soft tissue defects and CDNBUL were analyzed. Causes of soft tissue defects and CDNBUL were: severe degree Volkmann’s contracture (24), complications of various wounds of the forearm and hand (19), the consequences of damage to electric machines (8), electrical injury (5) and gunshot wounds (4). Concomitant damage was noted to 52 arteries, intersection 32 and compression of 16 nerve trunks; the area of defects varied from 80 cm2 to 95.47 cm2. Results: An important criterion in the treatment of this category of patients is the determination of the stages of the operation. Depending on the duration of the injury and the nature of the damage, as well as the functional significance of the hand, in some cases skin and fascial (33) were used, in others – skin and muscle (24), and also avascular grafts (3). The nature of operations on damaged underlying structures also depended on the type of lesion. If the indications for the restoration of damaged nerve trunks were absolute in all cases (neurolysis – 8, epineural suture – 9, autonervous plasty – 10), then during restoration of vessels, indications for reconstruction were narrowed (reconstruction of arteries – 28, arteriolysis – 4). The final rehabilitation of victims in some cases was achieved by corrective operations on the hand itself. Conclusion: Achieving final functional results for soft tissue defects and CNDBUL requires the application of a number of complex reconstructive interventions. Keywords: Soft-tissue defects of the upper limb, transplants, Volkmann’s contracture, neurovascular bundle.
RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY OF COMBINED INJURIES OF THE UPPER LIMBS
Authors:   Department of Surgical Diseases № 2, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Malikov Mirzobadal Khalifaevich , Karim-zade Gulandom Dzhangovarovna ,   Department of Surgical Diseases № 2, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Davlatov Abdumalik Abdulkhakovich ,   Department of Reconstructive and Plastic Microsurgery of the Republican Scientific Center for Cardiovascular Surgery, Ibragimov Erkindzhon Karimdzhonovich ,   Department of Operative Surgery and Topographic Anatomy, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Kamolov Amrullo Nazrievich ,   Department of Surgical Diseases № 2, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Makhmadkulova Nigora Akhtamovna ,   Department of Operative Surgery and Topographic Anatomy, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Khayrulloi Narzillo ,   Republican Scientific Center for Cardiovascular Surgery, Mirzobekov Khurshed Fayzmamadovich ,   Department of Surgical Diseases № 2, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University
Published: March 2020

Objective: Improving the results of surgical correction of combined injuries of the upper limbs. Methods: The results of surgical treatment of 58 patients analyzed (37 men and 21 women) with combined bone and vascular lesions of the upper limbs between the ages of 4 and 67 years. The etiological factors of damages were: cutting wounds (30), transcondular fractures (17), anterior forearm dislocation (5), and gunshot wounds (6). Damage of the median nerve by the sharp edges of the bone fragments was observed in 2, traction of the nerve with axonotmesis – in 3 victims. The circular suture of the brachial artery (11) was performed with a diastasis of no more than 3 cm; in case of diastase more than 3 cm, autovenous vascular plasty (13) was performed; when the brachial artery bifurcation was damaged, an autovenous shunting was performed (5). In case of simultaneous damage to the radial and ulnar arteries, in 16 cases the suture (9) and autovenous plasty (7) were performed; with isolated injuries to the radial (8) and ulnar (5) arteries, a circular suture was used. Results: In the immediate postoperative period, thrombosis of the restored arteries observed in 4 patients (6.8%). In the long-term period, when studying the degree of blood circulation of an extremity on the basis of Duplex scan in 46 patients, only in one observation did the ulnar artery thrombosis take place, the remaining vessels were passable. The degree of regeneration of the restored nerve trunks was estimated according to the electroneuromyography data: during axonotmesis, all types of sensitivity recovered within 6 months. A positive discrimination test S1–S2 observed 1.5 years after the epineural suture of the median nerve. Conclusion: Timely diagnosis and the provision of adequate specialized care for bone and vascular injuries allows to achieve full rehabilitation of the victims and, along with a reduction in disability, significantly improves the quality of life of patients. Keywords: Neurovascular bundle, combined injury of the upper extremities, autovenous plasty, autonervous plasty, epineural suture.
ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND CONTENT OF POLYPHENOLS IN ARTEMISIA SCOPARIA WALDST. ET KIT., GROWING UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF WESTERN PAMIR
Authors:   Institute of Botany, Physiology and Plant Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan, Miravalova Gulazor Sherafgandovna , Kurbonbekova Shifo Shaftolievna ,   Institute of Botany, Plant Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan, Mirkorakhimov Akobir Karimovich ,   Institute of Botany, Plant Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan, Sattorov Saidbeg ,   Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dzhaborova Sakhoba Salomudinovna ,   Department of Pharmacognosy and Organization of Economics of Pharmacy, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University
Published: March 2020

Objective: To study the antioxidant activity and polyphenol content in Artemisia scoparia Waldst. & Kit., growing in the conditions of the Western Pamir. Methods: Materials for experiments served the plants Artemisia scoparia. Ground parts of A. scoparia collected from different heights and different slopes of the Western Pamir. Extracts were prepared from fresh leaves and stems of plants. Determination of polyphenol content performed using Folin-Ciocalteu reagents. The activity of antioxidants was determined by the ABTS method (2,2’-Azino-di-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid) analysis. Results: Analysis of the content of polyphenols in A. scoparia, growing in the conditions of the Western Pamir, showed that it varies from 80.2 to 100.0 μg/ml. So, in Darvaz (1200 m) the content of polyphenols was 90.4 μg/ml, Rushan (1800 m) – 90.0 μg/ml, Hoigal (3025 m) – 80.2 μg/ml, Sardem (3150 m) – 90.3 μg/ml, Bijondara (2351 m) – 100.0 μg/ml. The results show some indication of the height on the concentration of polyphenols in A. scoparia. Their highest content in plants was observed in Bijondara (100.0 μg/ml) at an altitude of 2351 meters. As for the activity of antioxidants, it was found that their number decreases depending on the height of growth of plants and varies from 140 to 220 μg/ml. Their highest activity was observed in plants collected in Vanj (200.0 μg/ml) and Darvaz areas (220.2 μg/ml) at an altitude of 1220-1430 m. At an altitude of 1800 m and higher, activity gradually decreased (160,1 μg/ml), amounting to 130.7-140.1 μg/ml at an altitude of 3150 m. Conclusion: The study showed that in the conditions of the Western Pamir, the height of growth has some influence on the accumulation of polyphenols in A. scoparia. In turn, the activity of oxidants decreases with increasing height above sea level. Perhaps this is due to the influence of stress factors of high mountains on the accumulation of biologically active substances. Keywords: A. scoparia, polyphenols, antioxidants, a height of growth, slopes, Western Pamir.
EFFICACY OF TUBERCULOSIS CASES DETECTION AMONG THE POPULATION OF DUSHANBE IN THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN
Authors:   Scientific Research Institute of Preventive Medicine of Tajikistan, Aliev Samardin Partoevich , Bobokhodzhaev Oktam Ikramovich ,   Department of Phthisiopulmonology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Makhmudzoda Isfandiyor Safari ,   Scientific Research Institute of Preventive Medicine of Tajikistan, Mirzoeva Farangiz Oktamovna ,   Institute of Postgraduate Education in Healthcare of the Republic of Tajikistan, Ukumatshoeva Lalbegim Shonazarovna ,   Department of Phthisiopulmonology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Mirzoeva Sumbula Radzhabovna ,   Laboratory of the Republican Center for the Protection of the Population against Tuberculosis
Published: March 2020

Objective: Study of the effectiveness of identifying persons with suspected tuberculosis (TB) and verification of their diagnosis among the population of Dushanbe, the Republic of Tajikistan Methods: This study includes data from an active screening of 676815 persons who applied for various reasons to primary health care (PHC) facilities in Dushanbe for the period 2011-2015, which underwent a full clinical, x-ray and laboratory examination. Results: When conducting the active screening of persons who applied to institutions in a PHC facility in Dushanbe, 15645 patients with various clinical forms of TB were identified within 5 years. Of these, 14159 patients with pulmonary TB (90.5%) were identified, 11327 (80.0%) of whom suffered from a pulmonary form with a bacteria excretion, 22832 (20.0%) – a pulmonary form without a bacteria excretion and 1486 (9.5% ) – extrapulmonary TB. At the same time, in 1283 cases (8.2%) of the total number of patients, multidrug resistance was established, and in 92 (0.6%) patients – a combination of active TB with HIV infection. Conclusion: The findings show that providing access to active screening and rapid diagnostic methods helps to improve the detection rates for new TB cases. Keywords: Pulmonary tuberculosis, bacteria excretion, HIV infection, screening, verification of the diagnosis.
ULTRASOUND DIAGNOSTICS OF ABDOMINAL TUBERCULOSIS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE OUTPATIENT-DIAGNOSTIC DEPARTMENT
Authors:   Outpatient and Diagnostic Department of the National Center for Phthisiology, Moydunova Nestan Kubanychbekovna , Turdumambetova Gulnura Keneshbekovna ,   Department of Phthisiology of the Kyrgyz State Medical Academy named after I.K. Akhunbaev, Kadyrov Abdullat Samatovich ,   Director of the National Center for Phthisiology
Published: March 2020

Objective: To develop ultrasound semiotics for primary verification of abdominal tuberculosis (ATB) at the outpatient stage of the survey Methods: 121 patients with ATB (group I, primary) and 68 patients (group II, control) with abdominal lesions of nontuberculous aetiology (hepatitis B, C, cirrhosis, cardiac abnormalities with ascites, kidney failure with ascites, ovarian cancer) were analyzed and compared using ultrasound examination. Results: Statistically significant differences in the ultrasound pattern of the compared groups were obtained (p 0.001): in groups I and II, the tendency to early consolidation of the ascitic fluid and the formation of inter-serpentine «encapsulated pockets» were detected in 56.2±3.9% and 5.8±4.9% of the cases, respectively. Acoustic heterogenity of ascites fluid – in 66.9±3.2% and 22.1±3.9% observations. The presence of an infiltrate in the right ileocecal angle was found in 53.7±3.0%, the peritoneum thickening in 95.8±2.6%, and fibrin filaments between the peritoneal sheets in 58.6±3.1% of patients I group. Conclusion: With limited capabilities of general medical practitioners, ultrasound can sufficiently differentiate specific manifestations of ATB (abdominal thickening, fibrinose-adhesive overlays on the intestine and peritoneum, enlargement of mesenteric lymph nodes, infiltrates in the right ileocecal angle, fibrin filaments between the peritoneal sheets and echogenic components against the background of ascites fluid) from the nontuberculous changes in the abdominal cavity. Keywords: Extrapulmonary tuberculosis, abdominal tuberculosis, ultrasound diagnosis.
INTUBATION OF THE SMALL INTESTINE AS A COMPONENT OF TREATMENT OF ACUTE STRANGULATED SMALL BOWEL OBSTRUCTION
Authors:   Department of Surgical Diseases № 1, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Kurbonov Karimkhon Murodovich , Nazirboev Kakhramon Ruziboevich ,   Department of Surgical Diseases № 1, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Daminova Nigina Madamonovna ,   Department of General Surgery № 1, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University
Published: March 2020

Objective: Improving the results of treatment of patients with acute strangulated intestinal obstruction (ASIO). Methods: Analyzed the results of complex diagnostics and surgical treatment of 49 patients with ASIO. In 20 (40.8%) observations, the cause of ASIO was the acute adhesive small intestinal obstruction, 12 (24.5%) – intussusception, 10 (20.4%) – nodulation and 7 (14.3%) – volvulus of small intestine. Results: Established that as the syndrome of enteric insufficiency progresses, observed an increase in endotoxemia levels. Thus, with the syndrome of enteric insufficiency of II and III degrees, the leukocyte index of intoxication (LII) was 6.23±1.16 units and 8.62±2.51 units, respectively, medium-mass molecules (MMM) – 0.587±0.25 conv. units and 0.838±0.06 conv. Units, respectively, and blood lactate levels were 2.8±0.04 μmol/l and 3.1±0.06 μmol/l, respectively. At a severe and extremely severe increase in intra-abdominal pressure, the level of MMM reached 0.1104±0.53 conv. units and 0.1274±0.78 conv. units, respectively, blood lactate – 2.5±0.02 μmol/l and 3.1±0.04 μmol/l, respectively, and LII – 6.24±1.18 units, and 8.60±2.53 units, respectively. Performed various kinds of surgery with intubation of the small intestine with subsequent decompression and gut lavage, which effectively reduced endotoxemia and indices of intra-abdominal pressure, and also reduced the incidence of enteroenteroanastomosis insufficiency. Four observations have suppuration of the laparotomic wounds, in 2 patients – subhepatic abscess and in 1 – entero-enteroanastomosis nsufficiency. Two elderly patients died of peritonitis (n=1) and acute myocardial infarction (n=1). Conclusion: Intubation of the small intestine with the implementation of hypothermic sanation allows effective removal of toxic intestinal content and prevents the risk of entero-enteroanastomosis nsufficiency. Keywords: Acute intestinal obstruction, enteral insufficiency, intubation of intestine.
SOME ASPECTS OF METABOLIC CHANGES IN HYPERPROLACTINEMIA OF TUMOUR AND NON-TUMOUR GENESIS
Authors:   Department of Endocrinology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Anvarova Shakardzhon Saidoromovna , Pirmatova Makhina Abdurakhimovna ,   Department of Endocrinology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Avezov Sayfullo Abdulloevich ,   Institute of Gastroenterology
Published: March 2020

Objective: SOME ASPECTS OF METABOLIC CHANGES IN HYPERPROLACTINEMIA OF TUMOUR AND NON-TUMOUR GENESIS Methods: It has been established that in patients with hyperprolactinemia, especially with pituitary prolactinoma, there is a predisposition to the development of the osteopenic syndrome. Refinement of the study of bone tissue remodelling processes revealed the predominance of resorption processes over bone formation processes, which, as a result, leads to disruption of bone tissue microarchitectonics. The most common variant of dyslipidemia in the metabolic syndrome is the lipid triad: hypertriglyceridemia, a low level of high-density lipoproteins and an increase in the level of low-density lipoproteins. Results: A decrease in bone density according to densitometry and changes in calcium-phosphorus metabolism were detected in 47 (36.4%) patients (40 with pituitary adenoma and 7 without adenoma). Changes in the content of ionized Ca in serum were observed in 14 (29.9%) patients of the main group. A direct correlation was found between the level of prolactin and the C-terminal telopeptide (r=0.5284; p 0.05) and the inverse relationship between prolactin and osteocalcin (r=-0.4015; p 0.05). The degree of increase in the activity of ALAT and ASAT correlated with an increased level of prolactin (r=0.758; p 0.05). The correlation between the atherogenic coefficient and the level of prolactin revealed a positive pattern (r=0.822; p 0.05). Ultrasound revealed fatty hepatosis in 52 (40%) people, of whom 45 (34.6%) had different degrees of obesity. A study of liver biopsy specimens in 9 showed that in most cases (n=7) there was a minimal or moderate degree of fatty degeneration of hepatocytes. Conclusion: It has been established that in patients with hyperprolactinemia, especially with pituitary prolactinoma, there is a predisposition to the development of the osteopenic syndrome. Refinement of the study of bone tissue remodelling processes revealed the predominance of resorption processes over bone formation processes, which, as a result, leads to disruption of bone tissue microarchitectonics. The most common variant of dyslipidemia in the metabolic syndrome is the lipid triad: hypertriglyceridemia, a low level of high-density lipoproteins and an increase in the level of low-density lipoproteins. Keywords: Hyperprolactinemia, osteopenia, osteoporosis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, insulin resistance. Do
INFLUÊNCIA DAS INOVAÇÕES TECNOLÓGICAS EM UNIDADES DE PRODUÇÃO FAMILIARES DA REGIÃO OESTE DE SANTA CATARINA.
Authors: Simioni Flávio José , Zilliotto Teisonara Celine
Published: March 2020

O objetivo neste trabalho foi avaliar quais variáveis são determinantespara a incorporação de inovações tecnológicas em propriedades rurais familiares,assim como identificar as características das tecnologias empregadas e seus impactos. Apesquisa foi desenvolvida na região oeste catarinense, utilizando-se de um questionáriopara a coleta de dados em 59 propriedades rurais familiares. As propriedades ruraisforam classificadas em três grupos, segundo o número e características das inovaçõestecnológicas empregadas. Os dados foram submetidos à análise estatística multivariada,utilizando a Principal Component Analysis (PCA). A renda bruta obtida com atividadespecuárias (Renda Pecuária) e a obtida com atividades agrícolas (Renda Agrícola)foram as variáveis respostas utilizadas nas análises. Como variáveis explicativas foramconsideradas a idade e a escolaridade do produtor, capital de exploração, área de terra,associação em cooperativas, acesso à internet, uso de crédito, unidades de trabalhofamiliar e as rendas não agrícolas.
BIOTECNOLOGIA: NOVO PARADIGMA DO AGRONEGÓCIO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Gomes Wellington Silva , Borém Aluízio
Published: March 2020

O presente trabalho visa discutir como o emprego da biotecnologia moderna,no que concerne o desenvolvimento de variedades geneticamente modificadas, tornou-seestratégia importante para o fortalecimento do agronegócio brasileiro e mundial. Nessesentido, aborda-se o histórico dos avanços do agronegócio mundial e brasileiro, coma implantação e comercialização dos produtos vegetais derivados da biotecnologia.O Brasil, um país rico em biodiversidade, considerado também celeiro mundial dealimentos tem se destacado no cenário internacional pelas pesquisas e desenvolvimentode produtos no campo da engenharia genética e genômica. Além disso, esse trabalhodemostra como o emprego da biotecnologia tem sido importante para o desenvolvimentode sistemas agrícolas mais produtivos e sustentáveis, beneficiando pequenos e grandesprodutores, aumentando assim a competitividade brasileira no mercado internacional.Por fim, as perspectivas do mercado biotecnológico para o agronegócio brasileirosão discutidas e analisadas buscando soluções para se desenvolver um país com altaprodução agrícola agregando as recentes ferramentas biotecnológicas.
ANÁLISE DE CLUBE DE CONVERGÊNCIA PARA O MERCADO BRASILEIRO DO MILHO
Authors: Silva Tabosa Francisco José , Irffi Guilherme Diniz , Penna Christiano Modesto
Published: March 2020

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar o processo de convergência depreços no mercado brasileiro do milho, empregando a metodologia de análise de sériestemporais de Phillips e Sul (2007). Os resultados mostraram que os preços do milho nãoestão convergindo para um determinado nível comum. Entretanto, a análise sugeriu aformação de dois clubes de convergência, com duas unidades transversais divergindopor completo. O primeiro clube é formado pelos mercados de Mogiana/SP, Cascavel/PR, Chapecó/SC, Carazinho/SP, Rondonópolis/MT e São Paulo/SP. Já o segundo grupoé formado pelos mercados de Campo Grande/MS, Uberlândia/MG, Maringá/PR, PontaGrossa/PR e Rio Verde/GO, enquanto os mercados de Campinas/SP e Porto Alegre/RSnão convergiram para nenhum dos clubes.
ESTRATÉGIAS DE MARKETING VERDE NA COMERCIALIZAÇÃO DE PRODUTOS ORGÂNICOS
Authors: Da Rosa Carolina Obregão , Sordi Victor Fraile , Garcia Rodrigo Garóffalo , Ruviaro Clandio Favarini
Published: March 2020

As estratégias de marketing verde tentam atribuir maior valor aosprodutos, destacando seus aspectos relacionados à preservação do meio ambiente e àsustentabilidade. O presente estudo procurou verificar se a aplicação de estratégias demarketing verde na comercialização de produtos orgânicos agrega, na percepção doconsumidor, maior valor aos produtos alimentícios. O estudo foi desenvolvido em trêsetapas com natureza e caráter metodológicos distintos, em que se procurou identificara disposição dos consumidores a pagar mais por produtos orgânicos, compreender osmotivos pelos quais há ou não esta disposição e discutir as estratégias utilizadas nacomercialização destes produtos. Os resultados mostram que as estratégias de marketingverde aplicadas na comercialização de produtos orgânicos realmente criam maior valorna concepção de boa parte dos consumidores e que uma parcela considerável delesmostra disposição para pagar um valor adicional para consumir tais produtos. Entretanto,muitos destes consumidores não têm uma real noção do que seja um produto orgânicoe seus benefícios, sendo que, nesses casos, estratégias mais efetivas de comunicaçãode valor são necessárias.
A EVOLUÇÃO DA QUALIDADE DO EMPREGO NA AGROPECUÁRIA BRASILEIRA: UMA AVALIAÇÃO DO PERÍODO 1990 – 2010.
Authors: Brígido Rodrigues Camila Pereira , Dos Santos José Márcio , Dos Santos José Márcio
Published: March 2020

Os setores rurais vêm passando por intensas modificações em seus cenários.A agropecuária brasileira, devido ao aumento de suas exportações e ao crescimento daprodução para o mercado interno, contribui para o aumento da geração de empregos.Contudo, em decorrência das modificações tecnológicas e do avanço da urbanização,ocorreu uma mudança na dinâmica de trabalho deste setor, modificando suas relaçõesinternas de produção. Dentro deste contexto de seguidas alterações, este artigo analisa aqualidade do emprego na agropecuária brasileira dos anos de 1990 a 2010. Utilizando osdados da Relação Anual de Informações Sociais, do Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego,estimou-se o Índice de Qualidade do Emprego Formal para o setor agropecuário noperíodo 1990 a 2010. Os resultados mostram avanço na escolaridade, contração salariale padrões elevados de rotatividade, indicando substituição da mão de obra no setor poruma de melhor qualidade.
UNITED STATES, EUROPEAN UNION, CHINA, AND JAPAN: DEMAND FOR BRAZILIAN AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS
Authors: Freitas Rogerio Edivaldo
Published: March 2020

O estudo avalia a concentração das exportações agropecuárias brasileiras com destino Estados Unidos (EUA), Japão, China e União Europeia (UE). Utilizou-se a categorização de agropecuária da Organização Mundial do Comércio e empregaram-se o Quociente Locacional (QL) e o Coeficiente de Gini Locacional (CGL). A base de dados foi construída especificamente com este objetivo e abrange o período 1989-2015, uma série de longo prazo. Além disso, o estudo aplica o índice de Hirschman-Herfindahl modificado (HHmI). Os resultados mostram uma relativa atração dos produtos agropecuários brasileiros ao redor de China e Japão, ao mesmo tempo em que a concentração em torno dos mercados de EUA e UE reduziu-se, sobretudo em face dos resultados no início dos anos 1990. Ademais, o trabalho identifica grupos de produtos com demanda líquida em cada um dos destinos analisados e problemas de acesso em cada um daqueles mercados. Futuras análises são sugeridas, de modo a conhecer melhor a potencial concorrência de terceiros países e estratégias de agregação de valor aos produtos brasileiros.
PROPOSTA METODOLÓGICA PARA ANALISAR EFEITOS DE BARREIRAS NÃOTARIFÁRIAS SOBRE EXPORTAÇÕES – O CASO DA CARNE BOVINA BRASILEIRA.
Authors: De Miranda Sílvia Helena Galvão , De Camargo Barros Geraldo Sant’Ana
Published: March 2020

O objetivo deste trabalho é propor uma metodologia que permita medir osefeitos de barreiras não-tarifárias sobre o desempenho exportador de um setor específico.Para testar a metodologia, foi analisada a ocorrência de eventos/barreiras sanitáriassobrenas exportações brasileiras de carne bovina (cortes especiais), destinadas à União Européia.A metodologia compreende a estimação de um modelo econométrico para vendasexternas associado a um modelo de intervenção. O período analisado compreendeujaneiro de 1992 a dezembro de 2000. A maior parte das variações no volume e no preçode exportação foi explicada pelas variáveis selecionadas (taxa de câmbio, preço do boigordo, renda do Brasil, preço dos concorrentes, entre outras). Os resultados apontamefeito significativo da intervenção, referente ao mês de março de 1995, sobre os preçosde exportação dessa carne, o qual pode estar relacionado com a proibição das importaçõeseuropéias originadas de São Paulo e Minas Gerais, naquele período. De modo geral,as intervenções nos eventos sanitários não foram significativas, e alguns resultados nãoforam conclusivos.
UMA ANÁLISE DO SETOR DE DISTRIBUIÇÃO DE FLORES E PLANTAS ORNAMENTAIS NO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO.
Authors: Lirio Viviani Silva , Barbosa Silva Carlos Arthur , Reis Brício dos Santos , Dias de Aguiar Danilo Rolim , Stringheta Ângela Cristina
Published: March 2020

Uma das principais características da produção de flores e plantas ornamentaisé que esta constitui atividade típica de pequenos produtores. Embora a floriculturabrasileira venha se expandindo em áreas menos tradicionais como o Nordeste do país, amaior parte da produção ainda se concentra nas regiões Sul e Sudeste, e os dados sobrea distribuição de flores no Brasil indicam o estado de São Paulo como principal centroda produção nacional. O estado do Rio de Janeiro tem-se destacado, nesse contexto,como região potencial de expansão da produção e comercialização de flores e plantasornamentais, com destaque para as variedades tropicais, de crescente aceitaçãointernacional.Este trabalho analisa o segmento de distribuição de flores e plantas ornamentaisno Rio de Janeiro, tendo por referência conceitual o enfoque sistêmico deproduto (Commodity Systems Approach). Para consecução da pesquisa, foram realizadosamplos levantamentos secundário e primário junto aos principais agentes queatuam no segmento de distribuição de flores no Rio de Janeiro. Os resultados obtidosindicam que os principais entraves ao desempenho do setor estão relacionados com asrelações de mercado vigentes e com os aspectos gerenciais.
MEDIDAS DE PRODUTIVIDADE: DILEMAS DA AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR
Authors: Alves Eliseu
Published: March 2020

O objetivo deste trabalho é isolar, em pequeno número, as premissas que têmpermeado as discussões sobre agricultura familiar. Depois, por métodos elementares,elas são dedutivamente exploradas. Mostra-se que a produtividade da terra é, incorretamente,interpretada e que se deixa de lado a produtividade do trabalho, que, no contextodesse tipo de agricultura, é uma medida de bem-estar. Argumenta-se que, quando aagricultura familiar adota os métodos de decisão da agricultura capitalista, as duasmedidas de produtividade devem ser substituídas pela produtividade total. A agriculturafamiliar escolhe uma cesta de produtos com base em seu próprio interesse e não nobem-estar dos citadinos, razão por que é pouco relevante o argumento de que produz osalimentos da cesta de consumo dos citadinos mais pobres. Deve-se interpretar esse tipode evidência negativamente, visto que significa a existência de restrições ao bem-estar dafamília. Finalmente, considera-se um conjunto de dilemas, a maioria deles relacionadoscom as dificuldades de manter as premissas, num contexto de uma agricultura capitalistadinâmica.