bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multi-Criterion Client Selection for Efficient Federated Learning
Authors: Tahir Mehreen , Ali Muhammad Intizar
Published: May 2024

Federated Learning (FL) has received tremendous attention as a decentralized machine learning (ML) framework that allows distributed data owners to collaboratively train a global model without sharing raw data. Since FL trains the model directly on edge devices, the heterogeneity of participating clients in terms of data distribution, hardware capabilities and network connectivity can significantly impact the overall performance of FL systems. Optimizing for model accuracy could extend the training time due to the diverse and resource-constrained nature of edge devices while minimizing training time could compromise the model's accuracy. Effective client selection thus becomes crucial to ensure that the training process is not only efficient but also capitalizes on the diverse data and computational capabilities of different devices. To this end, we propose FedPROM, a novel framework that tackles client selection in FL as a multi-criteria optimization problem. By leveraging the PROMETHEE method, FedPROM ranks clients based on their suitability for a given FL task, considering multiple criteria such as system resources, network conditions, and data quality. This approach allows FedPROM to dynamically select the most appropriate set of clients for each learning round, optimizing both model accuracy and training efficiency. Our evaluations on diverse datasets demonstrate that FedPROM outperforms several state-of-the-art FL client selection protocols in terms of convergence speed, and accuracy, highlighting the framework's effectiveness and the importance of multi-criteria client selection in FL.
Reconciling Privacy and Byzantine-robustness in Federated Learning
Authors: Wang Lun
Published: May 2024

In this talk, we will discuss how to make federated learning
secure for the server and private for the clients simultaneously.
Most prior efforts fall into either of the two categories.
At one end of the spectrum, some work uses techniques
like secure aggregation to hide the individual client’s
updates and only reveal the aggregated global update to a
malicious server that strives to infer the clients’ privacy from
their updates. At the other end of the spectrum, some work
uses Byzantine-robust FL protocols to suppress the influence
of malicious clients’ updates. We present a protocol that offers
bidirectional defense to simultaneously combat against
the malicious centralized server and Byzantine malicious
clients. Our protocol also improves the dimension dependence
and achieve a near-optimal statistical rate for strongly
convex cases.
Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion, and the Deployment of Artificial Intelligence Within the Department of Defense
Authors: Darwish Sara , Bragaw-Butler Alison , Marcelli Paul , Gassner Kaylee
Published: May 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) adoption has seen substantial growth across industries. This paper explores the escalating use of AI within the United States Department of Defense (DoD) and the implications that diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) have on Service members and Civilians across the Department. More specifically, this paper explores the DEI considerations within AI technologies on individual, team, and Department readiness. The DoD's AI usage spans various strategic and operational capabilities, however this paper explores two critical domains: healthcare and recruitment.
In healthcare, AI offers the promise of early disease detection, enhanced diagnostic capabilities, and streamlined administrative processes. However, potential biases stemming from homogenous training data threaten the accuracy and reliability of these systems, jeopardizing Service member health and eroding trust in AI-assisted medical decision-making and potentially the DoD at large.
In recruitment, while AI promises efficiency in identifying ideal candidates, its deployment can perpetuate biases, especially when the training data used is not representative of all demographics. Despite efforts to design "unbiased" systems by excluding demographic data, such strategies may inadvertently overlook the unique challenges faced by marginalized communities, further entrenching existing disparities.
Both case studies underscore the importance of considering DEI in the development and deployment of AI systems. As the DoD continues to integrate AI into its operations, this paper’s recommendations stress the necessity of continuous DEI assessment to ensure that AI serves as an asset rather than a liability. The authors recommend the following:
1. Data diversity & review
2. Continuous monitoring and calibration
3. Stakeholder engagement
4. Adoption of DEI requirements within Ethical AI Frameworks
5. Further research
The Challenges for GenAI in Social and Individual Well-Being
Authors: Kido Takashi , Takadama Keiki
Published: May 2024

At the AAAI Spring Symposium 2024, we explore the important challenges facing Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) concerning both social structures and individual welfare. Our discussion revolves around two perspectives.

Individual Impact of GenAI on Well-being: This perspective focuses on the design of AI systems with keen consideration for individual well-being. It seeks to understand how digital experiences influence emotions and the quality of life at a personal level. By examining the effects of AI technologies on individuals, we aim to tailor solutions to enhance personal welfare and fulfillment.

Social Impact of GenAI on Well-being: Here, emphasis shifts to the broader societal implications of GenAI. We strive for decisions and implementations that foster fairness and benefit all members of society. This perspective acknowledges the interconnectedness of individuals within social structures and seeks to ensure that GenAI advancements positively contribute to collective well-being.

In this paper, we provide an overview of the motivations driving our exploration, elucidate key terms essential for understanding the discourse, outline the primary areas of focus of our symposium, and pose research inquiries that will guide our discussions. Through this comprehensive approach, we aim to address the multifaceted challenges and opportunities presented by GenAI in promoting both social and individual well-being.
Personalized Image Generation Through Swiping
Authors: Nakashima Yuto
Published: May 2024

Generating preferred images from GANs is a challenging task due to the high-dimensional nature of latent space. In this study, we propose a novel approach that uses simple user-swipe interactions to generate preferred images from users. To effectively explore the latent space with only swipe interactions, we apply principal component analysis to the latent space of StyleGAN, creating meaningful subspaces. Additionally, we use a multi-armed bandit algorithm to decide which dimensions to explore, focusing on the user's preferences. Our experiments show that our method is more efficient in generating preferred images than the baseline.
Collect and Connect Data Leaves to Feature Concepts: Interactive Graph Generation Toward Wellbeing
Authors: Ohsawa Yukio , Maekawa Tomohide , Yamaguchi Hiroki , Yoshida Hiro , Sekiguchi Kaira
Published: May 2024

Feature concepts and data leaves have been invented to foster thoughts for creating social and physical well-being through the use of datasets. The idea, simply put, is to at-tach selected and collected Data Leaves that are summaries of event flows to be discovered from corresponding datasets, on the target Feature Concept representing the expected scenarios of well-being individuals and well-being society. A graph of existing or expected datasets, attached in the form of Data Leaves on a Feature Concept, was generated semi-automatically. Rather than sheer auto-mated generative AI, our work addresses the process of generative artificial and natural intelligence to create the basis for collecting and connecting useful data.
Generating a Map of Well-being Regions Using Multi-scale Moving Direction Entropy on Mobile Sensors
Authors: Ohsawa Yukio , Kondo Sae , Sun Yi , Sekiguchi Kaira
Published: May 2024

The well-being of individuals in a crowd is interpreted as a product of individuals crossing over from heterogeneous communities, via interactions with other crowds. Here, the index moving-direction entropy corresponding to the diversity of the moving directions of individuals is introduced to represent such an inter-community crossover and extended with multiscale scopes. Multiscale moving direction entropies, composed of various geographical mesh sizes to compute the index values, are used to capture the flow and interaction of information owing to human movements from/to various crowds. The generated map of high values of multiscale moving direction entropy was visualized, where the peaks coincided significantly with the preference of people to live in each region.
AI for Social Good Education at Hispanic Serving Institutions
Authors: Chen Yu , Granco Gabriel , Hou Yunfei , Macias Heather , Gomez Frank A.
Published: May 2024

This project aims to broaden AI education by developing and studying the efficacy of innovative learning practices and resources for AI education for social good. We have developed three AI learning modules for students to: 1) identify social issues that align with the SDGs in their community (e.g., poverty, hunger, quality education); 2) learn AI through hands-on labs and business applications; and 3) create AI-powered solutions in teams to address social is-sues they have identified. Student teams are expected to situate AI learning in their communities and contribute to their communities. Students then use the modules to en-gage in an interdisciplinary approach, facilitating AI learn-ing for social good in informational sciences and technology, geography, and computer science at three CSU HSIs (San Jose State University, Cal Poly Pomona and CSU San Bernardino). Finally, we aim to evaluate the efficacy and impact of the proposed AI teaching methods and activities in terms of learning outcomes, student experience, student engagement, and equity.
AI Literacy for Hispanic-Serving Institution (HSI) Students
Authors: Sinha Neelu , Madhavarao Rama , Freeman Robert , Oujo Irene , Boyd Janet
Published: May 2024

Degree completion rates for Hispanic students lag far be-hind their white non-Hispanic peers. To close this gap and accelerate degree completion for Hispanic students at Hispanic-Serving Institutions (HSIs), we offer a pedagogical framework to incorporate AI Literacy into existing programs and encourage faculty-mentored undergraduate research initiatives to solve real-world problems using AI. Using a holistic perspective that includes experience, perception, cognition, and behavior, we describe the ideal process of learning based on a four-step cycle of experience, reflecting, thinking, and acting. Additionally, we emphasize the role of social interaction and community in developing mental abilities and understand how cognitive development is influenced by cultural and social factors. Tailoring the content to be culturally relevant, accessible, and engaging to our Hispanic students, and employing projects-based learning, we offer hands-on activities based on social justice, inclusion, and equity to incorporate AI Literacy. Furthermore, combining the pedagogical framework along with faculty-mentored undergraduate research (the significance of which has been shown to have numerous benefits) will enable our Hispanic students develop competencies to critically evaluate AI technologies, communicate and collaborate effectively with AI, and use AI as a tool anywhere; preparing them for the future and encouraging them to use AI ethically.
Designing Inclusive AI Certifications
Authors: Timmerman Kathleen , Goldsmith Judy , Harrison Brent , Fei Zongming
Published: May 2024

For decades, the route to familiarity in AI was through technical studies such as computer science. Yet AI has infiltrated many areas of our society. Many fields are rightfully now demanding at least a passing familiarity with machine learning: understanding the standard architectures, knowledge on how to use them, and addressing common concerns. A few such fields look at the standard ethical issues such as fairness, accountability, and transparency. Very few fields situate AI technologies in sociotechnical system analysis, nor give a rigorous foundation in ethical analysis applied to the design, development, and use of the technologies. We have proposed an undergraduate certificate in AI that gives equal weight to social and ethical issues and to technical matters of AI system design and use, aimed at students outside of the traditional AI-related disciplines. By including social and ethical issues in our AI certificate requirements, we expect to attract a broader population of students. By creating an accessible AI certification, we create an opportunity for individuals from diverse experiences to contribute to the discussion of what AI is, what its impact is, and where it should go in the future.
Toward Human-Like Representation Learning for Cognitive Architectures
Authors: Jones Steven , Lindes Peter
Published: May 2024

Human-like learning includes an ability to learn concepts from a stream of embodiment sensor data. Echoing previous thoughts such as those from Barsalou that cognition and perception share a common representation system, we suggest an addendum to the common model of cognition. This addendum poses a simultaneous semantic memory and perception learning that bypasses working memory, and that uses parallel processing to learn concepts apart from deliberate reasoning. The goal is to provide a general outline for how to extend a class of cognitive architectures to implement a more human-like interface between cognition and embodiment of an agent, where a critical aspect of that interface is that it is dynamic because of learning.
Algorithmic Decision-Making in Difficult Scenarios
Authors: Rauch Christopher B. , Addison Ursula , Floyd Michael , Goel Prateek , Karneeb Justin , Kulhanek Ray , Larue Othalia , Ménager David , Mainali Mallika , Molineaux Matthew , Pease Adam , Sen Anik , Turner Jt , Weber Rosina
Published: May 2024

We present an approach to algorithmic decision-making that emulates key facets of human decision-making, particularly in scenarios marked by expert disagreement and ambiguity. Our system employs a case-based reasoning framework, integrating learned experiences, contextual factors, probabilistic reasoning, domain-specific knowledge, and the personal traits of decision-makers. A primary aim of the system is to articulate algorithmic decision-making as a human-comprehensible reasoning process, complete with justifications for selected actions.
An Exploring Study on Building Affective Artificial Intelligence by Neural-Symbolic Computing (Extended Abstract)
Authors: Tong Jonathan C.H. , Hsu Yung-Fong , Liau Churn-Jung
Published: May 2024

This short paper is the status report of a project in progress. We aim to model human-like agents' decision-making behaviors under risks with neural-symbolic approach. Our model integrates the learning, reasoning, and emotional aspects of an agent and takes the dual process thinking into consideration when the agent is making a decision. The model construction is based on real behavioral and brain imaging data collected in a lottery gambling experiment. We present the model architecture including its main modules and the interactions between them.
Constructing Deep Concepts through Shallow Search
Authors: Zhao Bonan , Lucas Christopher G. , Bramley Neil R.
Published: May 2024

We propose bootstrap learning as a computational account for why human learning is modular and incremental, and identify key components of bootstrap learning that allow artificial systems to learn more like people. Originated from developmental psychology, bootstrap learning refers to people's ability to extend and repurpose existing knowledge to create new and more powerful ideas. We view bootstrap learning as a solution of how cognitively-bounded reasoners grasp complex environmental dynamics that are far beyond their initial capacity, by searching ‘locally’ and recursively to extend their existing knowledge. Drawing from techniques of Bayesian library learning and resource rational analysis, we propose a computational modeling framework that achieves human-like bootstrap learning performance in inductive conceptual inference. In addition, we demonstrate modeling and behavioral evidence that highlights the double-edged sword of bootstrap learning, such that people processing the same information in different batch orders could induce drastically different causal conclusions and generalizations, as a result of the different sub-concepts they construct in earlier stages of learning.
Adding a Cultural Lens to Active Transport Initiatives: Māori and Pacific Adolescents’ Perceptions of Transport to School
Authors: Rolleston Anna , Korohina Erina , King Kimberley , Kentala Kaisa , Mandic Sandra
Published: May 2024

In Aotearoa/New Zealand, there is government directive and community support to focus on health equity in research and health promotion. Culturally responsive policies and services are expected. The purpose of this research is to describe Māori and Pacific adolescents’ perceptions of different modes of transport to school (walking, cycling, busing and being driven/driving) rather than to compare perceptions between different ethnic groups through a deficit lens which is commonplace. Reporting findings in this way is so that equitable approaches to policy, and initiatives for active transportation to school can be considered. This study analysed data from adolescents (age 13 to 18 years) (n = 3608) who completed an online survey at school as part of the BEATS Research Programme in the city of Dunedin, New Zealand. In addition, four focus groups were conducted with Māori and Pacific adolescents. Overwhelmingly, adolescents across all ethnic groups had similar perceptions of walking, cycling, being driven/driving and busing to school. This similarity means that a whole of population approach to policy would be sufficient when combined with good quality overarching cultural responsiveness imbedded to support equity for Māori and Pacific adolescents. Findings specific to Māori and to Pacific adolescents are reported which will enable policy makers to consider additional cultural nuances in the active transport space.
The Impact of the Pandemic on Postgraduate Nursing Students: Comparison of Master’s and Doctorate Studies
Authors: Çıtak Bilgin Nevin , Böyük Mervenur , Çıtak-tunç Gülseren
Published: May 2024

This study was conducted to determine the effect of the pandemic on the education and scientific research activities of nursing graduate students. The descriptive and cross-sectional research was carried out in Türkiye between February and March 2021 with 383 postgraduate students, 218 of whom are master's and 165 are doctoral students. The data were collected using an online questionnaire. Descriptive statistical methods, independent groups t-test and chi-square test were used to evaluate the data. The majority of the master’s students were nurses (83.5%), and the majority of doctorate students were academicians (79.4%). During the pandemic, 75.7% of master’s students and 80.6% of doctorate students completed their education online. While 50.3% of doctoral students made scientific publications and 44.8% participated in scientific events, only 18.8% of master’s students had publications and 21.6% participated in congresses and symposiums. Master’s students had more difficulties in communicating with the instructors, maintaining course attendance, and focusing on educational activities compared to doctorate students. Similarly, master’s students had lower satisfaction with the efficiency of the courses, achievement of learning objectives, course achievements, scientific meetings, scientific publications, and academic consulting activities. The lowest satisfaction in both groups was academic consulting and advisory processes (Master’s: 8.7%, Doctorate: 9.1%). The pandemic has affected master’s and doctorate students’ training and research activities. During the pandemic, nursing students enrolled in the master's program experienced more difficulties and were less satisfied with educational activities than doctoral students.
Meraklı Minik Dergisinin 21. yy. Becerileri Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: Aşkar Neşe , Atış Akyol Nevra , Çakır Hülya
Published: May 2024

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de erken çocukluk dönemine yönelik aylık bilim dergisi olan Meraklı Minik dergisinin 21. yy. becerilerine yer verme durumu incelenmiştir. Çalışma betimsel türde bir araştırma olup nitel yöntemlerden doküman incelemesi yöntemiyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın veri setini Meraklı Minik dergisinin 2022 yılına ait tüm sayıları ve ekleri oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada 21. yy. becerilerinin değerlendirilmesinde “21. yy. için Öğrenme Ortaklığı (The Partnership for 21st Century Learning- P21)” tarafından geliştiren beceriler çerçevesi esas alınmıştır. Veri toplama sürecinde araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen “21.Yüzyıl Becerileri Kontrol Listesi” kullanılmıştır. Meraklı Minik dergisinin 2022 yılı sayıları bütünüyle incelendiğinde, 21. yy. becerilerinin tamamına ve tüm alt becerilere yer verilmiş olduğu görülmektedir. Bu becerilerden öğrenme ve yenilenme becerileri %59,41, yaşam ve kariyer becerileri %28,16, bilgi, medya ve teknoloji becerileri ise %12,41 oranında yer almaktadır. Elde edilen sonuçlar doğrultusunda Meraklı Minik Dergisinde 21. yy. becerilerine sıklıkla yer verildiği görülmektedir. Ancak diğer becerilere göre bilgi, medya ve teknoloji becerilerine ve medya okuryazarlığı alt becerilerine sınırlı düzeyde yer verildiği dikkati çekmektedir. Sağladığı ücretsiz erişim olanağı ve erişilebilir ücretlendirme politikası gibi pek çok nedenle çok sayıda çocuğun bireysel kullanımına açık olan bir medya aracının bu konuda daha güçlü olması önerilmektedir. Ayrıca sosyal ve kültürel becerilerin güçlendirilmesiyle, bu coğrafyada mevcut çok kültürlü yapının içinde farklı kültürleri anlama, değerlendirme ve kültürler arası uyumu destekleme kapasitesi artırılabilir.
La muerte y la novela. Del escepticismo a la plenitud en Darío Jaramillo Agudelo y Tomás González
Authors: Rondón Vélez Peter
Published: May 2024

En las obras de Darío Jaramillo Agudelo y Tomás González la muerte constituye una inquietud permanente. Pero ante ella, a diferencia de las visiones que la asocian con fatalismo y tragedia, con la total degradación y la derrota, estos autores exploran una perspectiva intermedia que contiene tanto lo atroz como la posibilidad de experimentar cierto bienestar, cierta libertad. En La muerte y la novela: Del escepticismo a la plenitud en Darío Jaramillo Agudelo y Tomás González se abordan las narraciones Memorias de un hombre feliz y Las noches todas desde la anterior perspectiva, mostrando cómo en ellas la conciencia de la finitud modifica la representación del mundo de los personajes y los lleva a descubrir un impulso por ser felices, ante el reconocimiento de que solo si viven el duelo por lo perdido —o lo que están en riesgo de perder— pueden alcanzar momentos de dicha.
La crítica de cine en Colombia
Authors: Osorio Oswaldo
Published: May 2024

La crítica de cine en Colombia recoge algunos hitos en la crítica del séptimo arte en el país. El volumen está compuesto por cincuenta y cuatro textos de diferentes autores (entre otros, Hernando Salcedo Silva, Gabriel García Márquez, Manuel Kalmanovitz, Umberto Valverde, Andrés Caicedo, Hugo Chaparro Valderrama, Martha Ligia Parra, Andrea Echeverri y Pedro Adrián Zuluaga), y abarca escritos desde la década del cuarenta hasta el 2020. Por la muestra ofrecida y por las películas y temas abordados, este es un libro adecuado no solo para quienes estén interesados en la crítica en cuanto género, sino también para los aficionados al cine.
Estática
Authors: Arroyo Andrade José Manuel
Published: May 2024

El texto está orientado, tanto en su enfoque como en su intensidad, de acuerdo con los temas contemplados regularmente en los planes curriculares de la asignatura Estática que se ofrece en los programas de Ingeniería de diversas universidades del país. Los temas se distribuyen en nueve capítulos, cada uno de los cuales inicia con una descripción de su aplicación en la ingeniería, seguida de la exposición detallada de los conceptos teóricos y las formulaciones matemáticas, con apoyo en ilustraciones representativas y, especialmente, en problemas resueltos paso a paso, a modo de ejemplo.
Una juez en zona guerrillera
Authors: Montoya Julián
Published: May 2024

Una juez en zona guerrillera es el libro ganador del Premio Nacional de Cultura Universidad de Antioquia 2022 en la modalidad Testimonio. Según el jurado, “este es un testimonio que mantiene un hilo conductor y transporta bien al lector a escenarios en los que ocurren los hechos que vive su protagonista. Está narrado de una manera muy auténtica y pone al lector frente a una realidad que el país debe conocer”.
ENTRE REVOLTAS, IMPUNIDADE E BARBÁRIE:
Authors: Figuerêdo Moura Danielle
Published: May 2024

O presente artigo versas sobre a importância da Cabanagem para a reforma do juízo de paz em 1841. Através do estudo de relatórios de ministros da justiça e presidentes de província da década de 1830, percebe-se que, se incialmente a magistratura de paz foi recebida com elogios e otimismo, com o passar dos anos e, em função dos revezes e querelas trazidos pelos movimentos sociais ocorridos durante a Regência (em especial a guerra cabana), ela passou a ser alvo de críticas contundentes e diversas propostas de reforma. Esta diferença na leitura sobre os juízes de paz ao longo do tempo, que de modo geral pode ser dividido em dois momentos distintos, não significa, todavia, que houvesse homogeneidade nas opiniões e atitudes situadas em cada um deles. Todavia, foi a experiência com a magistratura de paz, em especial aquela no Grão-Pará da Cabanagem, que informou a necessidade de reforma e deu o tom da diversidade das propostas feitas em nome do “bom uso” da justiça, da ordem, da estabilidade e das bases civilizacionais do Império.
The Essence of the Right to Health Protection in the Light of Article 68 of the Polish Constitution with Particular Emphasis on Article 68 (1): Dilemmas and Controversies
Authors: Zdyb Marian
Published: May 2024

The article concerns an issue of exceptional importance. The basic thesis is the assumption that Article 68 of the Polish Constitution (especially Article 68 (1) of the Polish Constitution) has a normative character and is a subjective and individual right. The right to healthcare is related to human existence in the biological, axiological, metaphysical sense, etc. And it is the perspective that its constitutional legitimacy should be seen. The aim of the work is to answer a number of questions, including the one on human dignity, because this is how the relationship between the right to health protection and the right to life protection should be understood in the axiological and normative sense. As a consequence, what the essence of the right under Article 68 (1) is? These questions raise a number of legal and axiological challenges and dilemmas. The answer is hindered by the differentiated approach to the Polish Constitution and the thesis of excessive relativization of law. Therefore, the above-mentioned values should be seen in the same axiological perspective. In the article, the formal-dogmatic method was mainly used.
Restrictions on Taking Up Professional Activity after the Amendment to the Labour Code Introduced by the Act of 9 March 2023
Authors: Matyjas-Łysakowska Paulina
Published: May 2024

The study considers the problem of limiting an employee’s ability to take up additional employment in the light of Article 261 of the Labor Code. The new legal regulation encourages reflection not only on the possibility of limiting the principle of freedom of work by introducing a prohibition on an employee’s undertaking competitive activities but also on contractual provisions limiting the possibility of undertaking non-competitive activities. The provision discussed in the study is the result of the implementation of Directive (EU) 2019/1152 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 June 2019 on transparent and predictable working conditions in the European Union, but the method of implementing the Directive’s assumptions limits the autonomy of will of the parties to a much greater extent than indicated from the Directive.
Necessary Defense and Its Premises in Polish Criminal Law
Authors: Mochocki Ryszard
Published: May 2024

One of the elements of the structure of crime is illegality. However, the legislator has provided a certain mechanism to exclude illegality. Article 25 of the Penal Code states the necessary defense as a circumstance excluding the illegality of an act, and a prohibited act committed under this condition of this counter-type becomes legal. Preventing the perpetrator from being held accountable is the subject of consideration in this study.
The Economic and Security Crisis of the State in Terms of the Pluralistic Structure of the European Legal Order
Authors: Paruch Stanisław Adam
Published: May 2024

The concept of legal pluralism is associated with the phenomenon of multicentrism, polycentrism and international dialogue taking place between courts. Its popularity in the European context is justified by the need to conceptualize the changes occurring in Europe within the ongoing process of European integration. The law and the resulting rules of recognition, as well as the conflict rules that coexist and are jointly applied, which constitute the essence of the definition of legal pluralism, can be tools shaping the functioning of the regulatory environment for economic activity and the functioning of society in times of crisis. Within the European constitutional area, there are still a number of inconsistent rules of recognition. However, in the case of a real conflict between a national constitutional norm and a norm of EU law, Member States try to adapt their constitutions to the normative standard set by the European Union or applying a pro-EU interpretation, thereby recognizing the existence and binding nature of a multi-component, multicentric legal system.
Successful Root Canal Re-treatment of the Second Mandibular Premolar with type III of Vertucci Classification
Authors: Sofiani Erma , Setyawan Erwin
Published: May 2024

Knowledge of the root canal system plays a significant role in avoiding the failure of root canal treatment. Premolar teeth may have several anatomical variations in their root canal system. A dentist must understand these root canal systems and their variation to conduct the appropriate treatment. The mandibular second premolar usually consists of a single root with a single root canal. The incidence of lower premolars with two or more root canals varied between 1.2% and 34%. This study aims to evaluate the success of root canal re-treatment of mandibular second premolars with type III Vertucci’s Classification. Case report: A 28-year-old woman visited our dental hospital with a pain sensation in her lower left premolar tooth. The subjective examination revealed that she had experienced pulp capping and root canal treatment last year. However, she felt pain and uncomfortable feeling on that treated tooth. A radiograph examination showed a radiopaque area from the crown edge to half of the root. The radiolucent area from the half tooth to the apical region showed root canal branching. The diagnosis for this tooth was previously treated teeth, asymptomatic apical periodontitis with type III of Vertucci’s Classification. Root Canal Treatment was done using crown down preparation technique and obturation with warm vertical condensation followed by class II composite resin composite as a temporary filling. Results showed that after three months of evaluation, the retreated-tooth condition kept showing good condition without any complaints, pain, or clinical abnormalities, suggesting it could function properly.
Antimicrobial Effect of Rosella Flower Extract (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) Against Multispecies Fusobacterium nucleatum and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans
Authors: Putri Vierlia Nurlailia , Suwandi Trijani , Sundjojo Mikha
Published: May 2024

Periodontal disease has a high prevalence in the world and Indonesia. There are 2 types of periodontal disease, such as gingivitis and periodontitis, which can be caused by pathogenic bacteria such as Fusobacterium nucleatum and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Minimizing periodontal disease can be done by brushing, flossing, scaling, and using mouthwash that contains antibacterial. Rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) is an herbal plant that contains antibacterial properties, so it can be used as an additional therapy to minimize periodontal disease. The research was conducted in the MiCore laboratory FKG Usakti with the method in this study using an in vitro laboratory experiment using a biofilm assay test with a concentration of 1 g/mL, 0.50 g/mL, 0.25 g/mL, 0.125 g/mL, 0.0625 g/mL, 0.0312 g/mL, 0.015 g/mL. The extract was distributed into well plates, stained with crystal violet, incubated for 1 hour, 6 hours, and 24 hours, and then counted using a microplate reader. The results showed that extract concentrations starting from 0.015 g/mL at an incubation period of 1 hour, concentrations starting from 0.125 g/mL at an incubation period of 6 hours, and concentrations starting from 0.0625 g/mL at an incubation period of 24 hours were proven to inhibit bacterial growth and proved to be more effective than 0.2% chlorhexidine with significantly different results (p0.05). It can be concluded that Rosella extract can inhibit the growth of multispecies bacteria Fusobacterium nucleatum and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans.
The Level of Satisfaction Among Patients with Dental Bridges
Authors: Astuti Titis Hadiyanti , Kusumadewi An-nissa , Pramudita Seto
Published: May 2024

Dental bridges are one of the treatments for tooth loss cases. Dental profession students at the Faculty of Dentistry of Universitas Padjadjaran (Unpad) conducted their first dental bridge treatment on patients. Evaluating patient satisfaction is essential to measure the success of treatments provided by dental students. This study aims to determine patient satisfaction with the dental bridges treatment provided by dental professional students at the Prosthodontics Polyclinic in terms of chewing, aesthetics and phonetics function, maintenance of the denture, and psychological aspects. This type of research is descriptive cross-sectional. Eighty-two dental bridges users were selected using total sampling at the Prosthodontic Polyclinic from September 2022 to February 2023 out of a total population of 86 users. The inclusion criteria included male or female patients using PFM or full metal dental bridges in the upper or lower jaw, worn for at least seven days to 6 months after definitive cementation, and made a control visit after the insertion of dental bridges. The instrument used was a modified questionnaire called the Patient Denture Assessment (PDA) and an Indonesian version of PDA (PDA-ID), with 12 modified Likert scale questions given online. The results of the study showed that 86,6% of the respondents were satisfied with masticatory function, 97,6% were satisfied with aesthetics and phonetics, 82,9% were satisfied with the maintenance of the denture, and 93,9% were satisfied with the psychological aspects of the use of dental bridges. Most patients were satisfied with dental bridges regarding chewing, aesthetics and phonetics function, denture maintenance, and psychological aspects.
PRESSUPOSTOS POLÍTICOS-JURÍDICOS E DE AÇÃO DE UM NOVO PARADIGMA SOCIOECONÔMICO PARA ABORDAR SUSTENTAVELMENTE AS MUDANÇAS CLIMÁTICAS E A POBREZA
Authors: Bonet Pérez Jordi , Bertoldi Marcia Rodrigues
Published: May 2024

Este artigo examina alguns dos pressupostos políticos-legais e de ação tanto internacionais como comunitários europeus (UE) para um novo paradigma socioeconômico sustentável que supere, por meio de uma transição justa, a tensão entre os efeitos das mudanças climáticas e a erradicação definitiva da pobreza. O objetivo é demonstrar que uma reformulação sustentável da economia deve estar associada a uma transição justa desde uma abordagem holística que trate das diversas variáveis que convergem para o impacto negativo que as mudanças climáticas têm sobre a perpetuação da pobreza. Para tal propósito, utiliza-se o conceito de pobreza multidimensional, ou seja, além da privação de renda, o qual permite ponderar tanto os efeitos das mudanças climáticas como a idoneidade do Acordo de Paris (mitigação, adaptação e resiliência) para enfrentar os desafios do binômio mudança climática/pobreza. Por meio do enfoque dedutivo, conclui-se que as medidas de transição justa devem responder a uma abordagem mais integrada e interativa das normas jurídicas internacionais, especialmente aquelas relativas aos direitos humanos, as quais obrigam os Estados a erradicar a pobreza causada pelas mudanças climáticas.
Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) on Growth, Yield and Quality of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) cv. ‘Arka Anamika’
Authors:   Department of Horticulture, School of Agriculture, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Jaipur-302017 (Rajasthan), Meena D. C.
Published: May 2024

The present investigation was carried out at Agricultural Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, S.G.V.U., Jaipur (Rajasthan) to study the effect of INM on growth, yield and quality of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) cv. ‘Arka Anamika’ during Rabi season of the year 2022-23. The experiment was laid down in RBD which consisted 9 treatment combinations viz; Control (T0), 100% RDF (T1), 100% RDF + Vermicompost @5t/ha (T2), 100% RDF + Poultry manure @2t/ha (T3), 100% RDF + Neem cake @2t/ha (T4), 50% RDF + Vermicompost @5t/ha (T5), 50% RDF + Poultry Manure @2t/ha (T6), 50% RDF + Neem cake @2t/ha (T7), 50% RDF + Vermicompost @5t/ha + Poultry Manure @2t/ha + Neem cake @2t/ha (T8) and treatments were replicated three times. Appraisal of the result indicated that the influence of organic and inorganic fertilizers on important parameters like vegetative growth, yield and quality of Okra were significantly influenced by INM under local agro climatic conditions. The treatment (T8) had a significant effect on various vegetative growth, yield and quality parameters, and the results revealed that the maximum plant height plant height at 30, 60 and 90 DAS, leaves per plant, days taken to 50% flowering, flowers per plant, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit per plant, fruit yield, TSS, Ascorbic acid and Titrable Acidity (%) were recorded in T8. The minimum values of growth, yield and quality parameters were recorded in the control (T0). Results further indicated that the highest (3.06) benefit: cost ratio was observed in T8. Whereas, the lowest benefit: cost ratio (1.07) was recorded under control.
Analysis of Bioactive Secondary Metabolites Produced by Endophytic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens against Rice Sheath Blight Pathogen Rhizoctonia solani
Authors: Sirivella Naveena , Gopalakrishnan C. , Kannan R. , Pushpam R. , Uma D. , Raveendran M. , Logeshwari R.
Published: May 2024

Background: Bacterial endophytes live inside the plant tissues and are known to play a crucial role in the functioning of host plants by influencing their physiology and development. Moreover, this group of bacteria could produce secondary metabolites to suppress plant pathogens and also produce compounds to promote plant growth. Methods: In this present study, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens was isolated from Oryzae officinalis and screened for antifungal activity against rice sheath blight pathogen, Rhizoctonia solani by dual culture assay. The secondary metabolites produced during the interaction of B. amyloliquefaciens with R. solani were characterized with pathogen-inoculated control and antagonist inoculated control through Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrophotometry (GC-MS). Result: The isolated Bacillus amyloliqufaciens displayed antagonistic activity against Rhizoctonia solani which showed a 63% inhibiton in the mycelial growth of R. solani over control. Analysis of secondary metabolites from the zone of inhibition, confirmed the presence of unique biomolecules including -Propanamine, N,N,2-trimethyl, 1(2H)-Naphthalenone, 3,4-dihydro-6,7-dimethyl, Diethyl Phthalate, Dichloroacetic acid tridecyl ester, Hexadecen-1-ol trans-9, Glycine N-(N-glycyl-L-leucyl) and 2,6,10-Dodecatrien-1-ol, 3,7,11-trimethyl of antifungal and antimicrobial nature.
Seasonal Variation and Dietary Effects in the Fatty Acid Composition of Bulk Tank Milk in Taiwan
Authors: Wang S.H. , Tu P.A. , Liao H.H. , Chen Y.K. , Huang T.Y. , Yang Y.K. , Tsai M.W. , Yu H.K. , Liu Y.T. , Hsu J.T.
Published: May 2024

Background: Information about seasonal variation in the fatty acid (FA) composition of bulk tak milk and its relationship with dietary factors in Taiwan remains to be completed. This study aimed to determine the average FA composition of milk in different seasons and collect dietary information to investigate the relationship between dietary characteristics and lactation performance, including FA concentration in bulk tank milk. Methods: Bulk tank milk samples were collected monthly from 90 dairy farms across Taiwan for two years to capture seasonal variations. Additionally, 36 bulk tank milk samples from three farms were collected monthly from August 2022 to July 2023. Result: Milk production (kg/day), fat (%), crude protein (%), true protein (%), lactose (%) and solids-not-fat (%) were significantly higher in the cold season than in the hot and warm seasons (P less than 0.05) over the studied period. In contrast, somatic cell counts were significantly lower in the cold season than in the hot and warm seasons (P less than 0.05). Total saturated FA and C14:0 concentrations were significantly higher in the cold season than in the hot and warm seasons (P less than 0.05). In contrast, the C18:1 concentration was significantly higher in the hot and warm seasons than in the cold season (P less than 0.05). However, the C18:0 concentration did not differ significantly by season. Fat and FA concentrations varied significantly among three selected dairy farms (P less than 0.05). Milk fat only differed significantly between the three farms in the hot season, with Farm B having the lowest milk fat concentration (P less than 0.05). FA concentrations showed significant seasonal effects at all three farms. These results provide an overview of milk FA variation and identify the critical factors influencing variation in bulk tank milk fat and individual farm FA concentrations: dietary ether extract content and forage choice.
“Bang Chang”, Thai Cultivar Chili Pepper (Capsicum annuum var. acuminatum) Extract in Rice Bran Oil and its Biological Activities
Authors: Thongkao Kanittada , Thongmuang Pimporn , Owen Robert Wyn , Sudjaroen Yuttana
Published: May 2024

The Thai cultivar Capsicum, namely “Bang Chang chili pepper” (C. annuum var. acuminatum), is originally planted in Samut Songkhram, Thailand. Rice bran oil (RBO) is a healthy oil for preventing cardiovascular diseases. The study aimed to extract this chili pepper using RBO maceration, which was deemed safer. Capsicum extract was determined for capsaicin and β-carotene contents as bioactives of Capsicum and γ-oryzanol and γ-tocopherol as bioactives of RBO. Total phenolic content (TPC) was also monitored. The extract was further evaluated for in vitro biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity and anti-diabetic properties. Capsaicin contained in the extract was 0.002±0.0 mg/100 g non-pungent (0-700 SHU). Therefore, β-carotene was 3,489.5±15.2 μg/100 g, higher than dried chili pepper. γ-oryzanol and α-tocopherol contained in the extract were 4,939.6±11.0 mg/kg and 20,090±45.3 μg/100 g, which may affect its biological activities. However, TPC was a low amount (1.05±0.05 mg GAE/g). Capsicum extract moderately scavenged DPPH radicals (IC50 = 72.46±8.8 mg/mL) and preferred anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting albumin degradation (IC50 = 1.09±0.04 mg/mL) and inhibiting NO production from macrophage cells (21.31±4.26%, at 0.1 mg/mL). Capsicum extract exerted in vitro anti-diabetic activity by inhibiting α-amylase and α-glucosidase (IC50 = 1.35±0.26 and greater than 1,000 mg/mL), while there was a lack of anti-lipase. Capsicum extract (0.0001-1.0 mg/mL) was non-toxic against human fibroblast cells. In conclusion, the simple extraction of this Capsicum within RBO contained bioactive compounds with non-pungency and exhibited biological properties for health benefits with non-toxicity that can be applied for external medicinal use and food seasoning.
Visualización de diferentes variables atmosféricas alrededor de los huracanes
Authors: Soto-Abarca Nathalia , Cubillo-Mora Jose , Rodríguez-San Lee María J. , Hernández-Castro Franklin
Published: May 2024

Este artículo se enfocó en una visualización de los datos sobre las características de los huracanes del Atlántico norte y variables atmosféricas en un periodo de 100 años (1920-2020). Asimismo, el propósito de la visualización fue identificar posibles correlaciones entre las variables atmosféricas y algunas de las características de los huracanes generados a lo largo de los años en la zona del Atlántico norte, para esto se utilizaron los datos reportados por la Administración Nacional Oceánica y Atmosférica (NOAA) de la NASA y su División de Investigación de Huracanes.
También, para el desarrollo de este proyecto, se empleó la metodología de Dashboard design elaborada por el Ph.D. Franklin Hernández-Castro. La cual se ajustó de manera adecuada al proceso de investigación para la visualización de datos, mismo que abarcó múltiples etapas de investigación, diseño y evaluación. Además, se implementaron las herramientas System Usability Scale (SUS) y la norma ISO 9241-1, a fin de evaluar la usabilidad del producto digital.
Finalmente, cabe mencionar que la herramienta logró satisfacer sus objetivos y expectativas en cuanto a la visualización de la correlación entre variables utilizando el paradigma de visualización heat map y sus componentes. Sin embargo, se presentaron dificultades y limitaciones en la interacción de algunos componentes de la visualización, las cuales se identificaron para determinar sus posibles soluciones a modo de recomendación.
Canadian Identity and Wildlife Description in Canadian Literature: Telling Stories beyond Survival in Marian Engel’s Bear
Authors:   The Korean Society For Teaching English Literature, Kang Sukjin
Published: May 2024

This paper examines the representation of wildlife in Marian Engel’s Bear as a departure from that of wildlife in realistic animal stories in Canada. Canada’s vast wilderness serves as a green space to escape civilization, to explore the self, and to provide solace and renewal. Engel’s Bear firmly stands in this tradition, and this book occupies a central place in Canadian identity and in the Canadian literary imagination. In Engel’s Bear, amazingly complex textual qualities can be noticed. This complex textual grain subverts the stable paradigm that human language can reflect the lives of wildlife. The diverse discourses found in the colonel’s library amplify the meaning of Lou’s bear to an overwhelming degree and make its meaning uncertain. The numerous images and stories about bears are juxtaposed and superimposed like a mosaic, making it difficult to determine the meaning of the bear that Lou encounters. Engel’s Bear is a remarkably successful retelling of a Canadian wildlife story that draws on Canadian artistic traditions with disturbing resonance.