bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pursuit of Online Services for Online Students
Authors: Richardson Michael D. , Sheeks Gina , Waller Robert E. , Lemoine Pamela A.
Published: January 2020

Increasing numbers of university students are studying online. Distance learning enrollment in global higher education has increased dramatically in the past two decades due to the ubiquity of technology, increasing diversification and globalization, and use of new advanced technology. The development of online learning programs has focused primarily on implementing educational technology to deliver academic content while enhancing the online learning experience. A significant element for the success of distance education programs is the provision of student support services that are appropriate to the unique needs of distance learners. Technology has facilitated this new era in global higher education making the utilization of technology essential to provide university support for online clients. Student support services are all kinds of services other than the coursework rendered by the institutions to online students/learners to facilitate their success.
Mentoring to Affect Student Perceptions of Academic Integrity
Authors: Khan Zeenath Reza , Mumtaz Sabiha , Rakhman Salma Sadia
Published: January 2020

Supporting higher education (HE) students by aiding in their learning journey and encouraging them to make advantageous choices so as to become members of their institution's community of scholars (CoS) is critical to their success. This is particularly true when instilling values of academic integrity (AI). Academic misconduct is constant, and combating it is difficult because of the immersion of technology, questionable role models, mistrust, bad decision makers, and possible political turmoil. HE educators are stretched thin between grading, teaching, career progression, and such to go beyond classrooms to support students in many such areas. Research posits the importance of proactive actions in developing a culture of AI on campus. Expanding a study tracking students' journey through mentorship, this chapter uses case study methodology and qualitative coding to record the impact of mentors (i.e., how they helped students combat hurdles such as peer pressure, demotivating experiences, lack of knowledge as examples, and how they were able to make students into advocates of AI at university and in their future workplaces).
The Evolution of Computational Agency
Authors: Srinivasa Srinath , Deshmukh Jayati
Published: January 2020

Agent-based models have emerged as a promising paradigm for addressing ever increasing complexity of information systems. In its initial days in the 1990s when object-oriented modeling was at its peak, an agent was treated as a special kind of “object” that had a persistent state and its own thread of execution. But since then, agent-based models have diversified enormously to even open new conceptual insights about the nature of systems in general. This chapter presents a perspective on the disparate ways in which our understanding of agency, as well as computational models of agency, have evolved. Advances in hardware like GPUs that brought neural networks back to life may also similarly infuse new life into agent-based models and pave the way for significant advancements in research on artificial general intelligence (AGI).
Processing Data Streams
Authors: N. Parimala
Published: January 2020

A data stream is a real-time continuous sequence that may be comprised of data or events. Data stream processing is different from static data processing which resides in a database. The data stream data is seen only once. It is too voluminous to store statically. A small portion of data called a window is considered at a time for querying, computing aggregates, etc. In this chapter, the authors explain the different types of window movement over incoming data. A query on a stream is repeatedly executed on the new data created by the movement of the window. SQL extensions to handle continuous queries is addressed in this chapter. Streams that contain transactional data as well as those that contain events are considered.
A Declarative Approach to Systems Development
Authors: Sharma Deepak Kumar
Published: January 2020

The declarative approach specifies what is to be done rather than how to do it. When adopted in information systems development, this implies that the system should be seen as a collection of business rules that can be enacted using a business rules engine. Business rules should be expressed in a form that is as close to the one in which business people perceive the rules. A business rules management system is needed to acquire, store, and allow modification of a business rules database. The rules are then handed over to a rules engine for enactment. The BRMS considered in this chapter uses an antecedent-consequent form for representing rules. These are based in a first order logic. Rules are formed with courses of actions and conditions in rules antecedents and courses of actions in rule consequents. It also introduces notions of state change in the business rule and temporal relation within rule and between different rules. Business rules are structured into atomic, complex, and abstract rules. The business rules are translated into enactment rules and converted to Java.
Web Services Reputation Based on Consumer Preferences
Authors: Benaboud Rohallah , Marir Toufik
Published: January 2020

With the increasing application of web services in our lives, selecting the right web service is becoming unprecedentedly difficult. Indeed, before paying the price of a web service, the customer always tries to make sure of his choice. One of the mechanisms used to put the customer in trust is to make available the opinions of other customers who have already used this web service. In the literature, many solutions for measuring the reputation of web services have been proposed. Unfortunately, they ignore certain aspects that we find important to ensure a more meaningful assessment of the reputation. Firstly, consumers do not always have the same satisfaction criteria, and as a result, they can judge the same web service differently. Thus, without knowing the consumer's preferences, it is almost impossible to give meaning to his opinion. Secondly, the qualities of a web service can be changed over time, and hence, the old ratings are no longer representative. In this chapter, the authors propose a novel reputation computation approach to deal with the problems mentioned above.
On Dynamically Reconfiguring IoT Architectures
Authors: Hakim Amira , Amirat Abdelkrim , Oussalah Mourad Chabane
Published: January 2020

The world is moving towards a new generation of internet, the internet of things (IoT). This technological jump is improving the way we live by creating a bridge between the physical and the virtual world. Researchers are curious about the field from different perspectives especially managing of the complexity and dynamicity of these systems. The main problem being targeted in this chapter is that IoT systems are exposed to many structural and behavioral changes due to internal and external factors. This study is about the necessity of having a mechanism that enables IoT systems to perform without breaks or shutdowns regardless of context changes. The solution consists of a contextual dynamic reconfiguration process implemented by a reflexive multilayered architecture. This process is based on the autonomic computing loop. The authors also integrated evolution styles to make reusable the reconfigurations applied on the architecture of the system. Validation of the proposed approach was made on an e-health scenario, which was simulated using Cisco Packet Tracer before performing real development.
On Ontology of Integration Between Access Control and Business Process Deep Structure
Authors: Guerreiro Sérgio Luís
Published: January 2020

Access control models (ACM) offers the guarantee that only the qualified users can gain access to the artifacts contained in business processes. Business processes are designed, implemented, and operated using many industrial standards that challenge the interoperation with access control standards. Enterprise engineering (EE) introduces rigorous capabilities to design and implement the essential concepts related with the dynamic of business processes. ACM deals with the systematic design and implementation of dynamic and static access control concepts to qualify the access of the users to the artifacts. This chapter proposes an ontological integration between EE and ACM concepts in order to enable the discussion of access control in the deep structure of the business processes. ACM integrated with EE allow the run-time qualification of the actors while they perform all the business process steps and not only at invocation time. The proposal encompasses business process designed with DEMO ontology and role-based access control concepts using a mathematical model logic description.
Towards Convergence in Information Systems Design
Authors: Prakash Deepika
Published: January 2020

Three technologies—business intelligence, big data, and machine learning—developed independently and address different types of problems. Data warehouses have been used as systems for business intelligence, and NoSQL databases are used for big data. In this chapter, the authors explore the convergence of business intelligence and big data. Traditionally, a data warehouse is implemented on a ROLAP or MOLAP platform. Whereas MOLAP suffers from having propriety architecture, ROLAP suffers from the inherent disadvantages of RDBMS. In order to mitigate the drawbacks of ROLAP, the authors propose implementing a data warehouse on a NoSQL database. They choose Cassandra as their database. For this they start by identifying a generic information model that captures the requirements of the system to-be. They propose mapping rules that map the components of the information model to the Cassandra data model. They finally show a small implementation using an example.
Preposições norteadoras e sugeridas para novas pesquisas sobre o conceito do valor agregado de colaboradores: Uma abordagem delimitada ao contexto da gestão de pessoas
Authors: Gonçalves Wesley Antonio , Corrêa Dalila Alves
Published: January 2020

Como objetivo principal, o estudo buscou compreensão a respeito do conceito de valor agregado de colaboradores no âmbito da gestão de pessoas (recursos humanos), com propósito de nortear preposições para novas delimitações de pesquisas. Para alcançar este objetivo, aferiu-se a subjetividade do conceito de valor agregado, correlacionando com os sistemas de remuneração e recompensas, assim como os de competências. Sua amostragem foi constituída por gestores de RH, pesquisadores acadêmicos e consultores empresariais. Como resultado da pesquisa, seis propriedades (pressupostos) foram encontradas e descritas, com o propósito de nortear novas pesquisas quanto ao tema.
An Overview of Liquid Crystal Techniques and Technology with Applications to Different Research Fields
Authors: Al-Ithawi S. , Hadi A.
Published: January 2020

In this paper, the latest techniques and technologies of liquid crystal devices have been reviewed with essential conclusions made based on their applications. This work combines Liquid Crystal research from different field. Here I give an overview of Liquid Crystal instrumentation in the optical systems, focusing on a large domain of applications: photonic devices, biomedical applications, etc. I characterize common approaches and challenges. In addition, novel technique of liquid crystal that permits a new solution has been presented. I conclude with advice regarding the Liquid Crystal group at large to make concerted efforts to exchange expertise.
Pain in child patients: A review on managements
Authors: Dezfouli Seyedeh Mahsa Mahmoudinezhad , Khosravi Shaqayeq
Published: January 2020

Pain has been known as one of the major universal health concerns about ill children, because of its morbidity and potential mortality. Pain suitable evaluation is a challenge in children because the verbalization is difficult. Low clinical information, few pediatric researches, and the worry of opioid side effects make difficult to provide satisfactory treatments. Many pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic strategies to manage pain exist for pediatric pain treatment. The purpose of this review article is to describe exhaustively pain mechanism, evaluation and management by review literature from January 2000 to January 2019 using PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, LILACS databases. Pharmacological and integrative non-pharmacological therapies has been indicated in acute and chronic pain treatment. Opioids and opioid-sparing agents target nociceptive and neuropathic pain. With due attention to available results, an early combination of pharmacological and integrative non pharmacological treatments are indicated in children pain management.
Renal function in the third year among very low birth weight infants fed by supplemental proteins
Authors: Bordbar Arash , Vahid Azade Noroozi , Kashaki Mandana
Published: January 2020

Very Low Birth Weight (VLBW) infants have higher nutritional needs than term infants. Energy and protein are two important factors influencing their growth. Breastfeeding is not enough to meet VLBW infants’ needs, for this reason, complementary protein is required by them. Hence, the present study aimed at investigation of renal function among VLBW infants receiving complementary proteins. The study was conducted on two groups of intervention and control (n= 18 in each group) (Case study: VLBW infants born in Akbarabadi hospital of Tehran in 2014 2015). The intervention group includes 3-year-old children who weighting less than 1200 grams at birth and have received protein supplementation at the course of NICU hospitalization, protein was added to maternal milk when the amount of milk reaches to 100 cc/kg/day, at this time parenteral nutrition was discontinued and the volume of feeding was increased 20cc/kg/day until reached to 150-180cc/kg/day. We also added the fortifier to breast milk at this time. The fortification and the protein supplementation were stopped when the weight of the baby reached to 1500 grams. The control group was fed similar to the intervention group but had received no complementary protein . The renal function was evaluated by measuring such criteria as BUN, Cr, ALB and U/A. After data collection, a statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software Ver. 22. Following to BUN evaluation, a significant correlation was seen between BUN and received protein (p-value=0.010). However, there was no significant correlation between Cr and received protein as well as mean values of the two groups (p-value=0.0766). Similarly, an insignificant correlation was found between the two groups following to investigation of ALB (p-value=0/257), while the mean values of the two groups were similar. The both groups were also equal in U/A. The complementary protein increased the BUN with no effect on Cr, ALB and U/A, providing no impact on renal function. Therefore, complementary protein intake made no conflict in renal function.
Extravascular lung water and pulmonary arterial wedge pressure for fluid management in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Hu Wei , Lin Chang-Wen , Liu Bing-Wei , Hu Wei-Hang , Zhu Ying
Published: January 2020

Background: Extravascular lung water (EVLW) is a sensitive prognostic indicator of pulmonary edema. Thus, EVLW may be an advantageous method of fluid management. This study aims to evaluate the outcomes of using EVLW and pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP) as strategies for fluid management in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Methods: Twenty-nine patients were randomly divided into the EVLW and PAWP groups. The survival rate, ICU (Intensive Care Unit) length of stay, duration of mechanical ventilation, acute lung injury scores, and oxygenation index of the EVLW and PAWP groups were compared.

Results: No significant difference in the survival rates at 28 and 60 days (d) after treatment was found between the two groups (p = 0.542). The duration of mechanical ventilation and ICU length of stay were significantly lower (p<0.05) in the EVLW group than in the PAWP group. The 7 d cumulative fluid balance was −783 ± 391 ml in the EVLW group and −256 ± 514 ml in the PAWP group (p < 0.05). Compared with the PAWP group, the EVLW group showed improved oxygenation index (p = 0.006).

Conclusions: EVLW for fluid management improved clinical results in patients with ARDS better than PAWP.
Dry powder inhalers and the right things to remember: a concept review
Authors: Dal Negro Roberto W.
Published: January 2020

Dry powder inhalers (DPIs) are widely and increasingly used in clinical practice because they represent a substantial advancement in inhalation technology. The effectiveness of a powdered drug to inhale depends on the inspiratory flow rate generated by the patient and on the turbulence produced by the intrinsic resistance of the DPI. While the inspiratory flow is variable with the patient’s ability and conditions, the turbulence is differently sized within each device because depending of its technical design. There are higher - medium-, and low-resistance devices. With low-resistance DPIs, the disaggregation and the microdispersion of the drug highly depend on the patient’s inhalation airflow rate, because the role of the resistance-induced turbulence is obviously negligible in these cases. This flow-rate dependency is minimized in the presence of a sufficient regimen of turbulence as in the case of medium-resistance DPIs. Both the disaggregation and the micro-dispersion of the powdered drug are optimized in these circumstances even in the absence of a maximal inspiratory flow rate. The low resistance DPIs should not be regarded as the best performer DPIs because their intrinsic low-resistance regimen requires a higher inspiratory airflow rate and effort, which frequently cannot be achieved by subjects suffering from a disease-induced airflow limitation. Only when the ratio between the inhalation flow rate and the DPI intrinsic resistance is balanced, the speed of the particulate, the distribution of the drug within the lung, and the variability of the effective inhaled dose are optimized.
Obesity: systemic and pulmonary complications, biochemical abnormalities, and impairment of lung function
Authors: José Lopes Agnaldo , Thomaz Mafort Thiago , Rufino Rogério , Henrique Costa Cláudia
Published: January 2020

Obesity is currently one of the major epidemics of this millennium and affects individuals throughout the world. It causes multiple systemic complications, some of which result in severe impairment of organs and tissues. These complications involve mechanical changes caused by the accumulation of adipose tissue and the numerous cytokines produced by adipocytes. Obesity also significantly interferes with respiratory function by decreasing lung volume, particularly the expiratory reserve volume and functional residual capacity. Because of the ineffectiveness of the respiratory muscles, strength and resistance may be reduced. All these factors lead to inspiratory overload, which increases respiratory effort, oxygen consumption, and respiratory energy expenditure. It is noteworthy that patterns of body fat distribution significantly influence the function of the respiratory system, likely via the direct mechanical effect of fat accumulation in the chest and abdominal regions. Weight loss caused by various types of treatment, including low-calorie diet, intragastric balloon, and bariatric surgery, significantly improves lung function and metabolic syndrome and reduces body mass index. Despite advances in the knowledge of pulmonary and systemic complications associated with obesity, longitudinal randomized studies are needed to assess the impact of weight loss on metabolic syndrome and lung function.
Clinical course and management of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Quinn Caitlin , Wisse Amy , Manns Stephenie T.
Published: January 2020

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive, fatal interstitial lung disease (ILD) with an unpredictable clinical course. Although IPF is rare, healthcare professionals should consider IPF as a potential cause of unexplained chronic dyspnea and/or cough in middle-aged/elderly patients and refer patients to a pulmonologist for evaluation. Making a diagnosis of IPF requires specialist expertise. Multidisciplinary discussion, involving at minimum a pulmonologist and a radiologist with expertise in the differential diagnosis of ILDs, is required to ensure the most accurate diagnosis. Prompt diagnosis of IPF is important to enable patients to receive appropriate care from an early stage. Optimal management of IPF involves the use of antifibrotic drugs, as well as the provision of supportive care to alleviate symptoms and preserve patients’ quality of life. Antifibrotic drugs have been shown to slow lung function decline seen in patients with IPF. Patients’ symptoms and functional capacity can be improved through participation in pulmonary rehabilitation programs and the use of supplemental oxygen. Patient education is essential to help patients understand and manage their disease. The identification and management of comorbidities, such as obstructive sleep apnea, pulmonary hypertension, and emphysema, is also an important element of the overall care of patients with IPF. Patients with IPF should be evaluated for lung transplantation at an early stage to maximize their chances of meeting eligibility criteria. In this review, we describe the clinical course and impact of IPF and best practice in its management, highlighting the importance of taking a patient-centered approach.
Sector performance under inflationary conditions
Authors: Archer A.
Published: January 2020

The effects of inflation are substantial, widespread and differential. The author investigated the effect of inflation on the published income of 19 industrial sectors of the Johannesburg Stock Exchange. The various adjustments for the effects of inflation recommended by Guideline 4.003 of the S A Institute of Chartered Accountants were made to the published income of individual companies and accumulated to gain a perspective of sector performance. Possible reasons for the exceptionally large adjustments in a few sectors are discussed. Measures which could be introduced by companies to counter the effects of inflation are explained.Die gevolge van inflasie is aansienlik, verspreid en differensieel van aard. Die skrywer het die effek van inflasie op die gepubliseerde inkomste van die 19 nywerheidsektore van die Johannesburgse Effektebeurs ondersoek. Die verskillende regstellings of aanpassings vir die effek van inflasie, soos aanbeveel deur Riglyn 4.003 van die SA lnstituut van Geoktrooieerde Rekenmeesters, is aan die gepubliseerde inkomste van individuele maatskappye gemaak en geakkumuleer om 'n perspektief oor sektorprestasie te verkry. Moontlike redes vir buitengewoon hoe regstellings in 'n paar sektore word bespreek. Maatreels wat deur maatskappye getref kan word om die effek van inflasie teen te werk, word bespreek.
Labour market discrimination and employment in South Africa
Authors: Urban Lombard B.
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this paper is to critically analyse the occupational structure determinants for the different race/sex groups within the manufacturing sector of South Africa. This study is carried out in the theoretical framework of the human capital school and dual labour market theory approaches. This research derived its importance from the phenomena of high unemployment, low occupational status, and the underutilization of Blacks in the labour market. The aim of this study is to focus on the Blacks' human capital investment, their underutilization and employment problems. The results obtained highlight the development and employment opportunities for Blacks and provide guidelines to individuals and employers on how to combat labour market discrimination.Die doel van hierdie artikel is om die beroepstruktuurdeterminante volgens ras- en geslagsgroepe in die vervaardigingsektor van Suid-Afrika krities te ontleed. Die studie is gebaseer op die teoretiese raamwerk van die menslike kapitaalskool en die dualistiese arbeidsmarkbenaderings. As gevolg van die groot tekort aan geskoolde mannekrag het die studie sy belangrikheid verkry in die verskynsels van hoe werkloosheid, lae beroepstatus en die onderbenutting van nie-Blankes in die arbeidsmark. Die oogmerk met hierdie studie is om op die nie-Blanke se menslike kapitaalinvestering, onderbenutting en indiensnemingsprobleme te fokus. Die resultate het tot verskeie gevolgtrekkings gelei wat die menslike hulpbronontwikkeling en -bestuur in Suid-Afrika onderstreep het. Hierdie gevolgtrekkings en aanbevelings beklemtoon en hou verband met die ontwikkeling en indiensnemingsgeleenthede vir nie-Blankes en sommige van die gevolgtrekkings bied riglyne vir individue en werkgewers oor hoe om arbeidsmarkdiskriminasie teen te werk.
Barriers to innovation in building and construction
Authors: Webb T. L.
Published: January 2020

Innovation in the building and construction industries is frequently prevented or inhibited by conservatism, self. righteousness, prescriptions, laziness, excessive caution or fear of higher costs. Such barriers to innovation have reduced efficiency and productivity, adversely affected the performance of buildings and other structures, increased costs and resulted in the waste of energy, materials and water. The effective, timeous and economic application of innovations can be achieved within organizations by better management, by encouraging research and development, the procurement and evaluation of innovation, personnel training and monitoring or feedback. Also important in a broader context are better education and training for all concerned with the potential, limitations, selection and implementation of innovation; improved communication in-house, between disciplines and with research agencies; updated and realistic legislation such as regulations, and meaningful research and development. Innovasie in die bou- en konstruksiebedryf word dikwels deur konserwatisme, selfvoldaanheid, voorskrifte, luiheid, oordrewe versigtigheid of vrees vir hoer koste geinhibeer of verhinder. Sulke faktore wat innovasie terughou het werkverrigting en produktiwiteit verminder, die doeltreffendheid van geboue en ander strukture nadelig beinvloed, koste laat toeneem en het gelei tot die vermorsing van energie, materiaal en water. Binne ondernemings kan die doeltreffende, tydige en ekonomiese benutting van innovasies bereik word deur beter bestuur, deur die aanmoediging van navorsing en ontwikkeling, die verkryging en evaluering van innovasies, personeelopleiding en opvolging en terugvoering. In breer verband is ook belangrik beter onderwys en opleiding vir almal betrokke by die potensiaal, beperkings, seleksie en implementering van innovasie; verbeterde kommunikasie binne maatskappye, tussen dissiplines en met navorsingsorganisasies; die gereelde bywerk van wetgewing soos bouregulasies; en betekenisvolle navorsing en ontwikkeling.
An Audit on Compliance of Surgical Time Out after a Decade of Implementation at an Academic Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Al-Khatib Talal A. , Mirza Ahmad A. , Malakah Manar A. , Jiffri Afnan E. , Abdalwassie Lujain K. , Hijazi Dina M.
Published: January 2020

A surgical safety checklist is essential to ensure patient safety. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the implementation of surgical time-out at an academic medical center in Saudi Arabia, and to reveal potential factors that may influence the compliance of time-out. A cross-sectional study observing elective surgeries was performed at King Abdulaziz University Hospital. Sixteen operating theaters were screened, corresponding to 15 different specialties being examined. Overall, one hundred and sixteen elective procedures were observed.  The time-out checklist was employed by staff in 45.7% of cases and was fully completed in 26.7%. Factors influencing the time-out adherence included overall staff presence and the involvement of the primary surgeon during the time-out phase (p < 0.001). Absence of some staff members was significantly associated with a higher rate of time-out noncompliance (OR = 0.04; 95%; CI = 0.01, 0.21; p < 0.001).  There was no significant association between time-out and the time of the day that the surgery was performed (p = 0.83), nor the number of surgeries performed in the day. Overall, time-out compliance was suboptimal in this study. Time-out was conducted at a similar rate throughout the day, regardless of the surgical load and the length of the pre-incision period.
Evaluating the Effect of the Economic Factors that Affect the Crop Price on the Continuation of Agriculture in Wadi Al-Dawasir, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Abdulaziz M. Alqarawy Abdulaziz M. Alqarawy
Published: January 2020

The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of the economic factors that affect the price of crops on the continuation of agriculture in Wadi Al-Dawasir. A field survey is conducted covering 39 farms, including all crops. A random stratified sampling method is used to collect the data. The results showed that farmer pays for groundwater between 0.13 to 0.41 SR/M3. The study concluded that lifting the governmental subsidies on diesel will stop the cultivation of wheat and Rhodes and will affect the cultivation of Alfalfa. However, vegetable and date crops will be less affected due to their high profit.
Biological and Chemical Investigations of Water Quality and Contamination Study After a Suspicious Algal Bloom in a Coastal Lagoon, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Ahmed Alansari Ahmed Alansari
Published: January 2020

The General Authority of Meteorology and Environmental Protection (GAMEP) started an investigation about suspicion of microcystis bloom with toxin production in lagoon near Obhour, Jeddah. Water samples were collected from different spots covering all lagoon directions. The samples were analyzed for salinity, coliforms, toxin producing microalgae using MPN, and microscopic examination. LC/MS-MS analysis was used to identify and quantify the extra-cellular microcystins (MCs) in the lagoon water. The results revealed complete absence of the toxic algae or its secreted toxins. The results revealed the presence of Dunaliella salina with rich ?-carotene production responsible for brown or pink color in the lagoon.
In vitro Gas Production, Methane Emission and Rumen Fermentation Characteristics with Increasing Roughage to Concentrate Ratios
Authors: Samir Attia Nagadi Samir Attia Nagadi
Published: January 2020

Effects of roughage to concentrate ratio on gas production (GP) and nutrient degradability were evaluated in vitro. Rations I: 0R:100C, II: 20R:80C, III: 40R:60C, IV: 60R:40C, V: 80R:20C and VI: 100R:0C were incubated for 24h. Concentrate (0R:100C) produced greater GP/gDM, TDOM and MCP. TDDM was higher for rations I to IV than V and VI. Roughage (100R:0C) had lower PF and higher pH and protozoal count with no VFA effect. Ration III and IV containing 60 and 40% concentrate, respectively exhibited balanced distribution of soluble substrate between microbial biomass production and fermentation waste products and are optimal for sheep nutrition.
Reconstruction of the track and a simulation of the storm surge associated with the calamitous typhoon affecting the Pearl River Estuary in September 1874
Authors: Mok Hing Yim , Lui Wing Hong , Lau Dick Shum , Woo Wang Chun
Published: January 2020

Abstract. A typhoon struck the Pearl River Estuary in September 1874 (“Typhoon 1874”), causing extensive damage and claiming thousands of lives
in the region during its passage. Like many other historical typhoons, the
deadliest impact of the typhoon was its associated storm surge. In this
paper, a possible track of the typhoon was reconstructed through an analysis of the
historical qualitative and quantitative weather observations in the
Philippines, the northern part of the South China Sea, Hong Kong, Macao, and
Guangdong recorded in various historical documents. The magnitudes of the
associated storm surges and storm tides in Hong Kong and Macao were also
quantitatively estimated using storm surge model and analogue astronomical
tides based on the reconstructed track. The results indicated that the
typhoon could have crossed the Luzon Strait from the western North Pacific
and moved across the northeastern part of the South China Sea to strike the
Pearl River Estuary more or less as a super typhoon in the early morning on
23 September 1874. The typhoon passed about 60 km south–southwest of Hong
Kong and made landfall in Macao, bringing maximum storm tides of around 4.9 m above the Hong Kong Chart Datum (http://www.geodetic.gov.hk/smo/gsi/Data/pdf/explanatorynotes.pdf, last access: 3 January 2020) at the
Victoria Harbour in Hong Kong and around 5.4 m above the Macao Chart
Datum (https://mosref.dscc.gov.mo/Help/ref/Macaucoord_2009_web_EN_v201702.pdf, last access: 3 January 2020) at
Porto Interior (inner harbour) in Macao. Both the maximum storm tide (4.88 m
above the Hong Kong Chart Datum) and maximum storm surge (2.83 m) brought by
Typhoon 1874 at the Victoria Harbour estimated in this study are higher than
all the existing records since the establishment of the Hong Kong
Observatory in 1883, including the recent records set by super typhoon
Mangkhut on 16 September 2018.
A Apropriação do Discurso Agroecológico pela Agricultura Orgânica Ressignificada
Authors: Andrade Vanessa Tavares , Locatel Celso Donizete
Published: January 2020

O objetivo desse artigo é compreender como o discurso agroecológico tem sido apropriado pelo capital, mercantilizado por meio da agricultura orgânica ressignificada (capitalizada, empresarial), que segue à lógica de mercado, igualmente à agricultura tecnificada/quimificada. Assim sendo, busca-se também entender como a informação está atrelada à agricultura orgânica sob o ponto de vista político e técnico, no atual período. Para tanto, foram adotados como procedimentos metodológicos, a análise da bibliografia, que aborda esse tema e a análise de dados de fontes secundárias. Dessa forma, este trabalho vem contribuir para compreensão das estratégias do capital voltadas para produção e reprodução ampliada do capital, a partir do discurso da preservação ambiental, da defesa das práticas agrícolas agroecológicas atreladas aos sistemas de comunicação e informação somado aos processos normativos de certificação e de conduta produtiva.

Palavras chave: Discurso agroecológico, sistemas de informação e comunicação, Agricultura Orgânica ressignificada.
Programas matinales televisivos: un análisis cuantitativo de las entrevistas a políticos en TVE y Antena 3
Authors: Reguero-Sanz Itziar , Martín-Jiménez Virginia
Published: January 2020

Este artículo analiza los programas matinales de entrevistas y debates de Televisión Española (TVE) y Antena 3, emitidos entre 1997 y 2006, en una doble vertiente. En primer lugar, se lleva a cabo un examen cualitativo de la trayectoria de Los desayunos, El primer café, La respuesta y Ruedo ibérico y de la situación empresarial y política de las cadenas que los emitían. A continuación, a través de un muestreo, se realiza un estudio cuantitativo de los políticos que fueron entrevistados en estos programas para analizar la presencia de los diferentes partidos e ideologías en estos espacios y trazar una comparativa entre la cadena pública y la privada. Los resultados revelan que ambos canales tuvieron una agenda muy similar, optaron por la diversidad ideológica desde un punto de vista cuantitativo y por los partidos con mayor peso parlamentario. En conclusión, se puede determinar, gracias a esta investigación, que los matinales examinados de la cadena pública y la privada fueron espacios televisivos muy similares, tanto en su estructura y funcionamiento interno como en el perfil de los invitados relacionados con la política que fueron entrevistados.
Kinetics and Quality of Quinoa Seeds After Drying and During Storage
Authors: Moscon Eder S. , Blum Luiz E. B. , Spehar Carlos R. , Martin Samuel , Fagioli Marcelo , Dias Neto Justino J.
Published: January 2020

This study aimed to assess the effect of different drying forms, environments, and storage periods on germination and sanitary quality of quinoa seeds cv. BRS Syetetuba. Seeds were submitted to drying in forced air circulation chamber at 30, 40, and 50 °C and in a suspended tray, in full sun, until they reached ±12% of moisture content. The observed drying data were adjusted to 10 mathematical models. The storage for 360 days was continuous in three different environments. Seeds were evaluated at 0, 6, and 12 months for germination, first count of germination, moisture content, and sanity tests. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a split split-plot scheme with four replicates. Among the studied models, Midilli was efficient in describing the drying curves of quinoa seeds. The storage environment influenced the loss of seed quality more than the drying temperature. The increased storage period caused a decrease on fungal seed incidence.
Legal Protection of Housing Consumers Relating to the Cancellation of Building Permits
Authors: Noor Zulki Zulkifli , Jaya Jaya
Published: January 2020

The main goal of study is investigating the procedure for the issuance of Building Permit (BCP) for housing which they are expressly regulated in the provisions of the applicable legislation. In this vein, BCP must first be met formal and material requirements and then pay attention to technical and non-technical aspects before the taking the development process. However, in its implementation, BCPs were still being issued without regard to the provisions requirements of he prevailing laws and regulations. The problem discussed in this study is to study the legal consequences of the cancellation of Building Permit (BCP) on the house purchase agreement and compensating the void and null between the developer and the consumer by implementing the legal protection against consumers.
Soporte al profesorado novel en diseño y comunicación. Workbook: Cosas de profes
Authors: Arrausi Juan Jesús , Montenegro Paulina
Published: January 2020

Este estudio propone la interacción dialógica asincrónica entre las necesidades detectadas en el profesorado novel y los consejos de pares expertos. El objetivo es comprender y dotar de un instrumento de apoyo a docentes que se inician en el ámbito universitario del diseño, la creatividad y la comunicación. Se han estudiado 13 modelos competenciales. La metodología es cualitativa. Se utilizan dos instrumentos de análisis: actividades de reflexión intrapersonal dirigidas a 10 profesores noveles, y entrevistas semiestructuradas a 10 docentes sénior. Los resultados gestan la publicación de un workbook, capaz de contribuir a la práctica docente reflexiva. Se prevé una mejor implementación de las acciones de enseñanza-aprendizaje pertinente, sostenible y emocionalmente equilibrada.
Diseño para la valoración del patrimonio cultural-gráfico de la ciudad
Authors: Pilay Lourdes , Neves Marco
Published: January 2020

Los territorios y su herencia retratada en su patrimonio cultural pueden ser estudiados desde distintas miradas y perspectivas en función de la finalidad de la investigación. A través de la investigación doctoral “Diseño para el Patrimonio Cultural, estrategias de valoración y comunicación para la ciudad de Guayaquil” se han identificado activi-dades que van perdiendo continuidad e interés por parte de la ciudadanía, principal-mente por factores como la digitalización e industrialización de los oficios artesana-les, además la escasa divulgación del valor cultural de estos significativos modos de hacer que han trascendido en el tiempo. En ese sentido, se distinguen oportunidades para el diseño gráfico como un recurso estratégico de recuperación y comunicación del patrimonio. Esta disciplina opera mediante la investigación activa, mejorando la transmisión y difusión del legado cultural material e inmaterial de las ciudades.
Questiones Publicitarias: Ampliando el espacio de investigación de la publicidad. El Symposium grafica y el ecosistema de la gráfica
Authors: Rom Rodríguez Josep Antoni
Published: January 2020

La revista nació en papel y ahora es digital, la revista nació en un entorno de no más de una docena de universidades con estudios de publicidad y relaciones públicas en España, pero ahora hay más de cuarenta titulaciones, la revista nació para facilitar la publicación de una investigación que se planteaba preguntas genéricas sobre la naturaleza de la actividad publicitaria y ahora los investigadores nos centramos en detalles concretos de la comunicación comercial.
Perspectives for the application of interleukin 15 in anti-cancer therapy
Authors: Węgierek Katarzyna , Pajtasz-Piasecka Elżbieta
Published: January 2020

Interleukin (IL-) 15 plays a crucial role in the preservation of lymphoid cell homeostasis including maintaining a broad repertoire of naïve T, B and NK cells, eliminating effector cells and long-term survival of memory cells. It is an essential causative factor in generating CD8+ T cells of memory. In addition, it selectively promotes not only survival and proliferation, but also the effector function of antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes, even in the presence of regulatory T cells. Interleukin 15 can thus modulate immune suppression as well as promote an immune activation. All obtained data on the biology and function of IL-15 provide information essential to design the manners of its application in the fight against the solid cancers and myeloproliferative neoplasms and make it a promising therapeutic option provided that its potential is consciously used. In this paper we reviewed on the relationship between the biological properties of IL-15 and its IL-15/IL-15Rα complex and their antitumor potential in the light of recent reports about the possibilities of using these molecules in cancer therapy have been assessed.
“Real” and “Notional” in Newman’s Thought
Authors: Beaumont Keith ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: January 2020

Newman’s constant preoccupation with “connectedness” leads him to explore and to insist upon the importance of the relationship between the “notional” and the “real,” and therefore of that between theology and philosophy, on the one hand, and spirituality (in the sense of lived spiritual experience) and morality or ethics, on the other. This paper explores Newman’s expression of these ideas, firstly in his sermons and theological writings, and finally in the more philosophical context of the Grammar of Assent.
Philosophy of Language, Translation Theory and a Third Way in Semantics
Authors: Ranganathan Shyam ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: January 2020

In this paper I address anew the problem of determinacy in translation by examining the Western philosophical and translation theoretic traditions of the last century. Translation theory and the philosophy of language have largely gone their separate ways (the former opting to rebrand itself as “translation studies” to emphasize its empirical and anti-theoretical underpinnings). Yet translation theory and the philosophy of language predominantly share a common assumption that stands in the way of determinate translation. It is that languages, not texts, are the objects of translation and the subjects of semantics. The way to overcome the theoretical problems surrounding the possibility and determinacy of translation is to marry the philosopher of language’s concern for determinacy and semantic accuracy in translation with the notion of a “text-type” from the translation theory literature. The resulting theory capable of explaining determinacy in translation is what I call the text-type conception of semantics (TTS). It is a novel alternative to the salient positions of Contextualism and Semantic Minimalism in the contemporary philosophy of language.
A Sentimentalist Approach to Dirty Hands – Hume, Smith, Burke
Authors: Remow Gabriela ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: January 2020

This paper explores what the three best-known thinkers in the sentimentalist tradition - David Hume (1711-76), Adam Smith (1723-90), and Edmund Burke (1729-97) – have to say about the topic of “dirty hands” (the view that some forms of power, used properly, lead to guilt and bad actions). Although the views of these philosophers have often been declared inconsistent, my project is to defend and resurrect key elements of their position, which may have value for this debate. I contend that a coherent and unified view about dirty hands may be extracted from their work. By discussing this view, I aim to elucidate a philosophical tradition that may not be familiar to many readers today.On their sentimentalist approach, all jobs or social roles inevitably lead to characteristic varieties of wrongdoing (i.e. dirty hands), due to corruption, increased temptation and opportunity. Such inevitability does not excuse the wrongdoing, but it might diminish the appropriate level of moral blame for those at the bottom, while enhancing blame for persons at the top.
Les Mains Sales Versus Le Sale Monde: A Metaethical Look at Dirty Hands
Authors: DeLapp Kevin ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: January 2020

The phenomenon of “dirty hands” is typically framed as an issue for normative or applied ethical consideration—for example, in debates between consequentialism and nonconsequentialism, or in discussions of the morality of torture or political expediency. By contrast, this paper explores the metaethical dimensions of dirty-hands situations. First, empirically-informed arguments based on scenarios of moral dilemmas involving metaethical aspects of dirty hands are marshaled against the view that “ought implies can.” Second, a version of moral realism is conjoined with a version of value-pluralism that charitably accommodates and explains the central features of the phenomenology related to dirty hands. It is not simply that agents are or are not justified in getting their hands dirty (les mains sales); rather, in certain situations, it is the nature of the moral domain itself to be intractably messy (le sale monde), such that dirty hands are unavoidable. The paper concludes by considering some important normative and psychological implications of this view.
Defining Dilemmas Down: The Case of 24
Authors: Parrish John M. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: January 2020

One of the most important concepts in the field of political ethics is the idea of a moral dilemma – understood as a situation in which an agent’s public responsibilities and moral imperatives conflict in such a way that no matter what the agent does she will in some way be committing a moral wrong. In the aftermath of the events of September 11, 2001, the notion of a moral dilemma has undergone a profound reconceptualization in American political discourse, and there has perhaps been no more important cultural forum for that conceptual revision than the quintessential post-9/11 melodrama, FOX Television’s 24. This paper first describes and then critically evaluates America’s new model moral dilemma as portrayed on 24. Focusing specifically on 24’s Season Five (the year the show won the Emmy for Best Dramatic Series), the paper shows how 24’s creators have substituted in the public mind almost a parody of the standard philosophical account of a moral dilemma in place of the traditional notion. Their methods for this conceptual revision have included both an extravagant, even baroque portrayal of the grand dilemmas which confront Jack Bauer and his fellow patriots, on the one hand, and on the other, a subtle de-valuing of the moral stakes in the more pedestrian variety of moral conflicts Bauer and company must overcome in their quest to keep America safe whatever the cost.