bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Forming of the Electoral System to the European Parliament (1957–1979)
Authors:   Saratov State University, Gusakova M. A.
Published: April 2023

The article discusses the process of the electoral system’s evolution to the European Parliament. The result of this process was the introducing of direct universal suffrage to the European Parliament. This new mechanism became the guarantee of the Parliament’s making into the real democratic institution that favoured the consolidation of European integration’s tendencies.
The effect of hypertension in pregnancy and central nervous system anomalies on fetal brain development
Authors: ALBAYRAK Mehmet , KÖSE M. Faruk , ANLAR Banu
Published: April 2023

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate whether maternal hypertension affects fetal brain maturation, and to examine whether treatment with magnesium sulfate has a protective effect on the fetal brain. Methods: A total of 26 fetuses, including 11 dead fetuses of pregnant women who were found to have hypertension and whose pregnancy was terminated due to this reason, and 15 fetuses who did not have this risk factor but died for various reasons as the control group, were included in the study. Brain tissue samples were evaluated for the presence of morphological and histopathological changes, as well as apoptotic cells. The morphologies of the samples were examined in sections stained with hematoxylin-eosin (H&E), and apoptosis was examined with light microscopy by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) method. Results: In the control group, it was observed that the brain tissue had a morphological structure compatible with the development weeks. In the hypertension group, there were no bleeding foci and brain tissues mostly preserved morphological features similar to control patients. While edema was detected in 45.4% of the infants in the hypertension group, no edema was observed in 54.6%. In the hypertension group, Grade 1 necrosis was observed in 63.6% of the samples, Grade 2 necrosis was observed in 9.1%, and no necrosis was observed in 27.3% of the samples. Conclusions: Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that maternal hypertension increases neurological maturation by causing vasodilation in the fetal brain, increasing blood flow, and decreasing cell death.
Possíveis aproximações entre Antropologia Simbólica de Clifford Geertz e a Terapia de Aceitação e Compromisso
Authors: Abdala Miguel , Silva Bruno Teixeira , Maia João Gustavo Chaves , Souza Vanessa Amarante de , Queiroz Ingrid Gomes
Published: April 2023

Clifford Geertz (1926-2006) foi um influente antropólogo e fundador da Antropologia Simbólica, vertente das Ciências Sociais que preconiza questões simbólicas para o entendimento de questões culturais. Em contrapartida, com base na Análise doComportamento, surge a Terapia de Aceitação e Compromisso (ACT), desenvolvendo intervenções e pesquisas enfatizando cognição e comportamento simbólico. O presente trabalho objetiva apresentar a noção de cultura da Antropologia Simbólica e como ela poderia contribuir com a ACT, integrando a compreensão de comportamento simbólico enquanto inerente as relações culturais. Para isso, foi utilizado o Procedimento de Interpretação Conceitual de Texto como ferramenta de descrição dos principais conceitos e críticas de Geertz em sua obra “A interpretação das culturas”, buscando-se discutir esses achados a partir das concepções daACT. Encontrou-se que entender cultura enquanto redes de símbolos possibilitaria intervir em questões estruturais, como racismo, de maneira congruente com o que já se discute na ACT, produzindo uma compreensão desses fenômenos de forma mais contextualizada. Como exemplo, foi apresentado uma amálgama como estudo de caso para descrever essa proposta de intervenções culturais na clínica. Assim, algumas compatibilidades foram encontradas entre as teorias, permitindo um diálogo inicial que produza avanços, em ambas as áreas, com o desenvolvimento de novos trabalhos.
O papel do mentalismo na produção de sofrimento e seus impactos na psicoterapia
Authors: Marques Júlia Macruz , Rodrigues Bernardo Dutra
Published: April 2023

O predomínio de uma visão mentalista em nossa cultura traz algumas implicações, pois ao indicar um componente interno como causa, ocorre como consequência um discurso que culpabiliza o indivíduo produzindo e corroborando segregações pautadas em aspectos socioeconômicos. O Behaviorismo radical é contra esse modelo, tendo uma perspectiva monista e antimentalista e é essa filosofia que guia a Terapia Analítico-comportamental (TAC). Dessa forma, este trabalho tem como objetivo descrever, sob a perspectiva de Holland, as possíveis implicações de práticas mentalistas na produção de sofrimento, quais os impactostrazidos para a clínica e nosso papel enquanto terapeutas. Para investigar isso, foi utilizado o Procedimento de Interpretação Conceitual de Texto (PICT). Optou-se por utilizar apenas produções de Holland, devido à sua relevância para nossa área. Como resultados temos a seleção de quatro textos que foram escolhidos por falarem diretamente sobre mentalismo, a saber: Behaviorism for a revolutionary Society; Behaviorism: part of the problem or part of the solution; Toward a solution: a rejoinder e Os princípios comportamentais servem para os revolucionários?. A partir das leituras, chegou-se às categorias de “culpabilização da vítima”;“sistema de privilégios” e “papel do analista do comportamento na clínica” como possíveis consequência do metalismo.
Homosexuality in Biblical Perspective
Authors: Ellens J.Harold
Published: April 2023

Przekazy biblijne na temat homoseksualizmu nie są jednoznaczne. Problem poruszony w pracy dotyczy z jednej strony zdefiniowania samego pojęcia homoseksualizmu, z drugiej - dyskusji jego aspektów uwidocznionych w społeczeństwie okresu biblijnego.
Biblia nie odróżnia orientacji homoseksualnej od zachowania homoseksualnego – podobnie jak i inne przekazy literackie świata grecko-rzymskiego.
 
Autor, dyskutując terminologię z punktu widzenia teologa i psychologa, podkreśla, że w rozważaniach należy wziąć pod uwagę również faktory chronologiczne. Aby w pełni zrozumieć oba aspekty homoseksualizmu w ujęciu biblijnym, odwołuje się on do rozważań kontekstualnych.
Biblia rzadko wzmiankuje homoseksualizm. Autor szczegółowo omawia trzy przykłady z zakresu Starego Testamentu i trzy z zakresu Nowego Testamentu (Genesis 19: 1-29; Leviticus 18: 22-24, 20: 13; Listy św. Pawła: do Rzymian 1: 26-27, Koryncjan 6: 9-10, Tymoteusza 1: 10). Wzmianki te odnoszą się do zachowań homoseksualnych.
Autor zwraca uwagę, że homoseksualizm jest oceniany jako zły, grzeszny i przestępczy w związku z kultem, lecz nie jest jasne, czy też poza nim. Biblia zajmuje się głównie kontekstem religijnym, a tylko pośrednio – etycznym.
Omawiając kontekstualne aspekty przekazów nowotestamentowych, autor przywołuje fakt, że św. Paweł jest zdania, iż kult zwierząt powszechny w okresie hellenistycznym być może wpłynął na deprawujące zachowania seksualne i widzi w odmiennym zachowaniu seksualnym ludzką słabość i zwyrodnienie, więcej – patologię. W liście do Koryncjan homoseksualizm jest zaklasyfikowany do grzechów.
Biblia z zasady jest zorientowana przeciw nierządowi (porneia). Fakt, że księgi Nowego Testamentu powstały w czasach panowania Kaliguli i Nerona, współcześnie z Satyrykonem Petroniusza, dziełami Juwenala i Marcjalisa, kiedy rozluźnienie obyczajów było powszechne, a seks był rozrywką, bez wątpienia wpłynął na sformułowania biblijne (etyka sytuacjonalna).
Autor jest zdania, że reakcjom opisanym w Biblii nie możemy nadać uniwersalnego charakteru. Wskazuje na osiągnięcia nauk medycznych i psychologii, które pozwoliły nam poznać głębiej naturę jednostki. W efekcie, jeśli argumenty św. Pawła w liście do Rzymian opierają się na odrzuceniu tego, co sprzeczne naturze, problem homoseksualizmu w stosunku do przekazów biblijnych wymaga nowych rozważań.
Diversity of Aquatic Macrophytes in Four Blocks of Purba Medinipur District, West Bengal, India
Authors: Bhanja Avik
Published: April 2023

The Current research was conducted to find the diversity of aquatic macrophytes in four selected block areas of Purba Medinipur district in the Indian State West Bengal. This overall study was conducted for a duration of 18 months, from February 2021 to August, 2022. A total of 67 aquatic macrophytes under 54 genera belonging to 32 families were identified from the study areas. Among them, about 18% represents the floating macrophytes, 40% emergent, 8% submerged and 34% marginal. Poaceae, Araceae, Asteraceae, Ulvaceae, Convolvulaceae, and Acanthaceae are the families that contain most of the identified species.
Historia de la corrupción en el Perú : ¿Es factible su estudio?
Authors: Quiroz Alfonso W.
Published: April 2023

El legado amplísimo de Félix Denegrí Luna al estudio de la historia peruana ha tenido un impacto muy importante en varias generaciones de historiadores y estudiantes del pasado peruano. El autor de estas líneas se cuenta entre los que tuvieron la suerte de aprender fundamentales principios profesionales gracias al trato personal y las palabras que don Félix generosamente nos prodigó desde los años en que, siendo un bisoño y entusiasta investigador, visitaba su espléndida biblioteca privada los sábados por la tarde. No bastaba el entusiasmo, don Félix nos hizo comprender. Había que conocer el valor y los límites de las fuentes primarias y había que escribir con pulcritud y elegancia. Con el paso de los años estos preciosos fundamentos se nos han afincado en estrecho vínculo a la grata memoria del sabio y práctico maestro.
An Analysis of the Movie “Hachiko: A Dog’s Story” in Terms of Empathy and Solidarity with Animals
Authors: OKUTAN Nur
Published: April 2023

The aim of this study was to analyze the movie "Hachiko: A Dog's Story" in terms of empathy and solidarity with animals. For this purpose, the scenes in the movie were interpreted on the basis of empathic reactions towards animals (cognitive and affective; self/other-oriented) and solidarity with animals (emotions and behaviors such as attachment, belonging, intimacy, and cooperation). The movie is about the attachment between a dog and a human, and it encourages the viewers to understand this attachment. In order for this to happen, audiences should be able to empathize with the protagonist of the movie, Hachi. Through the analysis of the movie, it becomes clear that empathy with animals is depicted in scenes where efforts are made to understand the protagonist's fear, joy, or expectations (self/other-oriented cognitive empathic responses) as well as in scenes where the desire to do something for the protagonist is shown (other-oriented emotional empathic responses). Solidarity with animals is depicted in scenes that include emotions and behaviors such as sharing (time, happiness, sorrow, “bread”), support (helping, assuming care, etc.), and intimacy (desire to be together). Additionally, the movie directs viewers towards a dog's emotions such as joy, loyalty, sorrow, separation, and longing in many scenes..
Binalarda Radyasyon Zırhlamasına Yönelik Tasarım: Lineer Hızlandırıcı Mekânları İçin Öneriler
Authors: BAŞ Seval Yeşim
Published: April 2023

Lineer hızlandırıcı cihazı ile radyoterapi uygulamalarının yapıldığı mekânların radyasyon zırhlaması bağlamında doğru ve etkin şekilde tasarımı, radyasyonun insan sağlığına olan zararlarından korunabilmek için son derece önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, söz konusu mekânların radyasyon zırhlamasına yönelik mimari tasarım unsurlarının “mekânsal tasarım, yapı malzemeleri ve detaylar” bağlamında incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında; ilgili mekanların tasarımı için söz konusu faktörlerin bütünleşik olarak dikkate alınıp değerlendirilmesi gerektiği görülmüştür. Tasarım sürecinde ekonomik olarak çözülebilecek yapısal sistemlerle, yüksek zırhlama potansiyelini bir araya getirebilen seçeneklerin tercih edilmesi gerektiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu bağlamda, yüksek enerjili radyasyon üreten LINAC cihazının yer aldığı mekanların mimari tasarım sürecinde; radyasyondan korunmaya yönelik önlemler ile optimal ve zırhlama bütünlüğü çerçevesinde tasarımlar üretebilmenin mümkün olabileceği gösterilmiştir.
Holistic Legal Support for Litigants in Person: The North and Mid Wales Law Clinic Partnership
Authors: Nason Sarah
Published: April 2023

In 2020 the Access to Justice Foundation and Ministry of Justice launched the Legal Support for Litigants in Person (LSLIP) Grant, a two-year programme funding a range of earlier intervention services for litigants in person. Eleven projects were funded to deliver advice on a national, regional, and local scale, to litigants in person at different stages of their problem in various areas of civil and family law. Partnership working and earlier intervention were central to these activities, to achieve improved outcomes for clients. One such project became known as the North and Mid Wales Law Clinic (NMWLC), including seven Local Citizens Advice (CA) branches (six in North Wales plus Powys in Mid Wales) and Bangor University.
The NMWLC delivers a service to support Litigants in Person (LiP) at every stage of their journey, providing generalist holistic advice designed to identify LiPs early on, preventing escalation of their legal problems, reducing financial hardship, and resolving issues with information to support self-help. The partnership provides generalist advice, and specialist advice and casework in the areas of Family Law, Employment Law, and Powers of Attorney and Deputyship (the latter being areas where local demand was identified by CA and partners). Through the project law students are supported to train as General Advisers and to assist specialist advisers and caseworkers.
The project provided a unique way to develop clinical legal education (CLE), not least as it commenced fully online during the Covid-19 pandemic, focused on preventing escalation of legal problems, including through triage and partnership, and occurred in a small law department where existing provision (aside from in criminal law) was largely based on simulated activity. This article evaluates the first two years of the NMWLC from a CLE perspective, focusing on the experiences of student volunteers, exploring the challenges and opportunities of online working, and how the initiative fits with CLE models.
Peace and Conflict Transformation Through the Clinical Legal Education Programme
Authors: Maduafor Ngozi
Published: April 2023

Clinical Legal Education came to Nigeria, first, as a solution to remedy the effects of epileptic access to justice and, further, to develop law students’ professional skills through rendering free legal services to indigent members of society. It was not received into the Nigerian legal pedagogy without some level of resistance, however with consistent lobbying it was eventually incorporated. The Clinical Legal Education program began with just five pilot university law clinics to implement the components of Clinical Legal Education. Despite this relatively small number, the program was able to satisfy its immediate objectives, pending other universities that could not resist the need to benefit from the program inculcated it into their legal pedagogy. Consequently, Nigeria now has 21 active university law clinics rendering free legal services to indigent persons and teaching community members about their legal rights. Offering free legal services and educating community members about their legal rights are not the end of the benefits of Clinical Legal Education. There are many other benefits that are derived from the Clinical Legal Education program and in this paper, as way of just one example, I examine the ways in which clinical legal education is helping to curb communal violence.
The New Sex Wars: Sexual Harm in the #MeToo Era, Brenda Cossman [NYU Press, 2021, 280pp, £25.99 (hardback)]
Authors: Raj Senthorun
Published: April 2023

Book Review of The New Sex Wars: Sexual Harm in the #MeToo Era, Brenda Cossman [NYU Press, 2021, 280pp, £25.99 (hardback)]
The Art of Adapting Open Educational Resources for Street Law: Copyright the Card Game a Case Study
Authors: Secker Jane , Morrison Chris , Ridout Frances
Published: April 2023

The Street Law community is well practiced in designing bespoke activities for particular community groups. Starting with a blank canvas can often be the easier forma. How often do we consider inviting our Street Law students to adapt works, games, and materials designed for one purpose or audience (i.e. not Street Law) and transform them into a different format? This paper highlights a case study involving undergraduate law students adapting an openly licensed card game originally designed for use with academic librarians, and using it as a tool to raise awareness with sixth form students about the laws and issues of copyright.
UK and Ireland Street Law Conference 2022 Review
Authors: Nwosu Ruth , Shafi Sabrina , Peel Kristianna , Ng Isabel , Chambisse Heloisa
Published: April 2023

The UK and Ireland Street Law Conference brings together academics, lawyers, students, and other Street Law enthusiasts to promote, support and celebrate public legal education (PLE) and the progress being made in this important field. Normally held annually, this was the first conference since the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic, taking place over the 7th and 8th April 2022 and hosted in Edinburgh by the Law Society of Scotland.

The conference was centred around Street Law’s commitment and desire in helping the lay person to ‘understand their rights and responsibilities in a world full of increasingly complex and obtuse legal systems.’ The ethos of the conference was to provide a valuable resource within the PLE community for those who were present across the two-day conference and for future guidance. As students and Street Law initiators, it was gratifying to be a piece and player on the chessboard - to interact, connect and understand the multitude of approaches to teaching and learning in a Street Law context. In accordance with the principle of collaboration and to promote open education, this article aims to collate the insightful topics and discussions from the key-note sessions. This article will then move on to discuss the value of the conference from the perspective of students as well as wider stakeholders in PLE programmes. Further, we will explore how the conference could be improved moving forward with suggestions as to how students and future lawyers and/or professionals, can contribute to PLE in the future.
ANALISIS POTENSI BEBAN EMISI PADA PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA UAP (PLTU) CO-FIRING DAN KEMAMPUAN SERAPAN TANAMAN PENGHIJAUAN DI AREA KERJA TERHADAP EMISI CO2 PT MAKMUR SEJAHTERA WISESA KABUPATEN TABALONG PROVINSI KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: Wibowo Joko Agus Pamuji , Suyanto Suyanto , Rusmayadi Gusti , Ghofur Abdul
Published: April 2023

One of the policies of the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources of the Republic of Indonesia related to the contribution in reducing the effect of greenhouse gases is to terminate or discontinue the construction permit for coal-fired Steam Power Plants, which will begin gradually in 2025. This policy is considered difficult to implement, because there are still many Coal Power Plant that are still operating in accordance with the permits issued by the Government. So in addition to the policy of retiring coal-fired power plants, the Government has implemented a policy of Co-firing Power Plant innovation for better environmental management and supporting sustainable development goals. Coal Power Plant PT Makmur Sejahtera Wisesa (MSW) in South Kalimantan will implement the Power Plant Co-Firing policy. This study aims to analyze the amount of power plant greenhouse gas emissions so far, then project the amount of emissions until 2030 with the treatment of coal-fired power plants and co-firing power plants, and calculate the carbon uptake of plants in reforestation areas at PT MSW Power Plant. The method used is the data collection and calculation of Green House Gas Emissions (GHG) produced so far and then simulated calculations using waste pellets as co-firing fuel, using the 2006 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Guidelines approach method. The calculation results The GHG emission is projected until 2030 using the Auto- Regressive Moving Average (ARIMA) method. The GHG emissions produced by the Power Plant are compared with the company's efforts so far by planting trees in the reforestation area of the PLTU. To assess these efforts, an evaluation of the GHG emissions produced by the ability of reforestation plants to absorb CO2 emissions has been carried out so far. The results of the study obtained that the GHG Emissions of the PT MSW Power Plant in 2021 amounted to 156,436 tons / year. From the results of data projections obtained for the next 9 years (until 2030) the results of gas emissions will decrease every year. Theresults of the inventory and estimation of the absorption capacity of plants in the reforestation area of PT MSW Power Plant with an area of 30,535.12 m², is 3,820.5 tons/year and carbon absorbed is 103.86 tons. With a total number of tree plants, an inventory of 2,764 trees was carried out.
A note on Indian hare Lepus nigricollis: presence beyond the IUCN distribution in the Himalayas
Authors: Thapa Avantika , Pradhan Aditya , Chatterjee Paromit , Singh Ashutosh
Published: April 2023

Indian hare Lepus nigricollis have a vast distribution in southern Asia with several subspecies. Even though it is distributed in a large area, the species lacks regional assessment and has been understudied for taxonomy, ecology, and demography. The species is stated to be absent from the high reaches of the Himalayas; however, several records reveal the presence of the species in the higher reaches of the Himalayas. In this article, we present records of Indian hare from the higher reaches of the Himalayas based on questionnaire survey, literature review, and directed sightings, which could be used to reassign its distribution range.
New Horizons in Bank Mergers: A Quantum Spherical Fuzzy Decision-Making Framework for Analyzing Islamic and Conventional Banks Mergers and Enhancing Resilience
Authors: Al-Binali Tamy , Aysan Ahmet Faruk , Dinçer Hasan , Unal Ibrahim Musa , Yüksel Serhat
Published: April 2023

This study explores the implications of merging two fundamentally different types of banks: Islamic and conventional banks. The research aims to provide insight into such a merger's unique opportunities and challenges and offer strategic guidance for future mergers. A balanced scorecard-based strategic analysis using Quantum Spherical Fuzzy Decision-Making Approach was used to develop the merged bank's short- and long-term strategic plans. The balanced scorecard included 12 key performance indicators (KPIs) in 4 groups, and the methodology also incorporated several questions to guide the analysis. The study results offer valuable insights into the potential opportunities and challenges of merging these two types of banks and strategic recommendations for stakeholders at all levels. The study is a valuable guideline for future mergers between similar or different types of banks. Overall, the findings suggest that a well-planned merger strategy is essential for avoiding challenges and maximizing the benefits of merging Islamic and conventional banks. By integrating the strengths of both types of banks, a merged entity could create a competitive advantage and potentially improve financial performance. However, this requires careful consideration of cultural differences, regulatory challenges, and other factors that could impact the merger's success.
Exploring Women's Leadership Experiences: Challenges, Successes, and the Role of Support Networks
Authors: Al Naqbi Shamma , G Vidhyasri
Published: April 2023

This qualitative research study explores the experiences of three Emirati women who have achieved significant success in their higher education institutes in the (UAE). The study aims to understand how childhood and adolescent experiences shape the leadership development of these women, both positively and negatively. The study also includes interviews with family members and close colleagues of the participants to gain additional perspectives. The findings the importance of family support, role models, and mentors in shaping the leadership development of women in the UAE. The study also sheds light on the challenges and barriers that women face in leadership positions, including gender bias and discrimination. Overall, the study contributes to a deeper understanding of the experiences of Emirati women in leadership positions and provides insights into how to support their leadership development.
Elements of Food Service Design for Low-Carbon Tourism
-Based on Tourist Behavior and Attitudes in China
Authors: Lai Yingjie , Yoo Chaemoon , Zhou Xiaomin , Pan Younghwan
Published: April 2023

One of the key issues in sustainable tourism research is the gap between tourists' expressed friendly attitudes towards sustainable behaviors and their actual behaviors. Although many "low-carbon" themed restaurants have emerged during the low-carbon transformation of the Chinese tourism industry, low-carbon food services have not been significantly improved. This study takes food as the entry point to explore tourists' behavior and attitudes towards low-carbon tourism in relation to food. We conducted two interviews. The first interview was a semi-structured contextual interview with 120 tourists who had experiences in food streets, aim-ing to identify the core user group: low-carbon attitude-friendly tourists with high-carbon food behaviors. The second interviews was an in-depth interview based on grounded theory with 29 core users, analyzing the four main reasons for their high-carbon food behaviors and their re-quirements for low-carbon food services in tourism. Based on this, we extracted four design ele-ments for low-carbon tourism food services: low-carbon information show service, low-carbon service product attractiveness improvement, low-carbon food environment atmosphere creation, and service providers' low-carbon behaviors. Through these four service elements, we constructed a low-carbon tourism food service design framework based on the core users' needs, discussed the mechanism of service elements, and provided service design suggestions accordingly. The re-search results serve tourism providers, low-carbon tourism researchers, and designers.
Social Support Among Older Persons and Its Association With Smoking and Associated Factors: Findings From the National Health and Morbidity Survey 2018
Authors: Krishnapillai Ambigga , Kee Chee Cheong , Ariaratnam Suthahar , Omar Mohd Azahadi , Sanaudi Ridwan B , Sooryanarayana Rajini , Kiau Ho Bee , Ghazali Sazlina Shariff , Mohd Tohit Noorlaili B , Zainal Abidin Sheleaswani Inche
Published: April 2023

Background
Globally the average age of the worlds’ population of older persons continues to upsurge and social support becomes increasingly relevant. Overall, in Malaysia, social support and networking prevalence was found to be lower among older persons at 30.76%. In view of the scarce data on social support and its association with smoking status and its associated factors among the older Malaysian population this study was conducted.
Methods
Data from the National Health and Morbidity (NHMS) 2018 survey on health of older Malaysian adults was analyzed. This was a cross sectional population-based study using a two-stage stratified random sampling design. Elderly population aged 60 years and above was selected. Data were collected were sociodemographic characteristics, smoking status, and social support. A validated Malay language, interviewer-administered questionnaire of 11-item Duke Social Support Index was applied for assessing social support among the elderly. A complex sampling design analysis was used for the descriptive statistics. The associated risk factors for social support were identified using Multiple Logistic Regression analysis.
Results
A total of 3923 elderly respondents participated in the study. The prevalence of good social support was significantly higher among the 60-69 years old respondents compared to the > 80 years old (73.1%, 95% CI :69.3% -76.5% vs 50.1 %, 95% CI:41.7 %- 58.6%).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the odds of poor social support were 1.7 times (aOR: 1.72 % ,95%CI: 1.19 -2.48) higher for the respondents aged > 80 years old, than those aged 60-69 years. Respondents with no formal education were 1.93 higher odds of poor social support than the respondents with tertiary education (aOR: 1.93%, 95%CI: 1.13,3.30). Respondents with income < RM 1000 were 1.94 times more likely to have poor social support compared to respondents with income > RM 3000 (aOR: 1.94, 95% CI : 1.21 -3.13). Former smokers have good social support compared to current smokers (73.6% ,95% CI: 67.7-78.7 vs 65.1 %, 95%CI:58.4 -71.2). For current smokers, the odds of poor social support were 42.0% higher than for non-smokers (aOR: 1.42, 95% CI: 1.05 -1.91.

Conclusion
There is poor social support among the older persons who are current smokers, advancing age, no formal education and low income However, further longitudinal studies are needed to determine the exact effects of the studied variables. These findings could assist the policymakers to develop strategies at the national level to enhance social support among the older smokers to ensure cessation of smoking.
Proteome and Interactome Linked to Metabolism, Genetic In-Formation Processing and Abiotic Stress, in the Gametophyte of Two Woodferns
Authors: Ojosnegros Sara , Alvarez José Manuel , Grossmann Jonas , Gagliardini Valeria , Quintanilla Luis G. , Grossniklaus Ueli , Fernández Helena
Published: April 2023

Ferns and fern-allies, now known as Monylophytes, have received scant molecular attention, in relation to angiosperm group. The advent of high-throughput technologies allows to advance towards a greater knowledge of their elusive genome. In this work, samples of apogamous and sexual heart-shaped gametophytes from two ferns: the apomictic species Dryopteris affinis ssp. af-finisand its sexual relative Dryopteris oreades were extracted and identified. In total, a set of 218 proteins shared by these gametophytes were analysed by using the STRING database, and the proteome associated to metabolism, genetic information processing and responses to abitotic stress is discussed. Specifically, there are reported proteins involved in metabolism of carbohy-drates and lipids, biosynthesis of amino acids, metabolism of nucleotides, energy, and secondary compounds, oxido-reduction, transcription, translation, folding, sorting, and degradation, and response to abiotic stress. Some homologs of proteins found are MACCI-BOU (MAB1), MOSAIC DEATH 1 (MOD1), MAINTENANCE OF PHOTOSYSTEM II UNDER HIGH LIGHT 2 (MPH2), TRANSPARENT TESTA 5 (TT5), ALBINO OR GLASSY YELLOW 1 (AGY1), LEUCYL AMINOPEP-TIDASE 1 and 3 (LAP1 and LAP3), or LOW EXPRESSION OF OSMOTICALLY RESPONSIVE GENES 1 (LOS1). The interactome of the set of proteins was also studied, being the most common interac-tions database and textmining. All these data about the interactions that exist between the stud-ied proteins of the ferns D. affinis and D. oreades, together with the description of their biological function, might contribute to better understand the functioning and development of ferns as well as to fulfil gaps of knowledge in plant evolution.
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Relaxation Pathways in Electrolytes for Energy Storage
Authors: Fraenza Carla C. , Greenbaum Steve , Suarez Sophia N.
Published: April 2023

NMR spin relaxation times have been an instrumental tool in deciphering the local en-vironment of ionic species, the various interactions they engender and the effect of these interactions on their dynamics in conducting media. Of particular importance has been their application in studying the wide range of electrolytes for energy storage, on which this chapter is based. Here we highlight some of the research carried out on electrolytes in recent years using NMR relaxometry techniques. Specifically, studies on liquid electro-lytes, such as ionic liquids and organic solvent; on semi-solid-state electrolytes, such as ionogels and polymer gels, and solid electrolytes such as glasses, glass ceramics and polymers. Although this chapter focuses on a small selection of materials, we believe they demonstrate the breadth of application and the invaluable nature of NMR relaxometry.
Finding Traceability Granularity Influencing Factors using Rough Set Method: An Empirical Analysis on Vegetable Companies in Tianjin City, China
Authors: Qian Jianping , Li Jiali , Geng Bojian , Chen Cunkun , Wu Jianjin , Li Haiyan
Published: April 2023

Evaluating the efficacy of the traceability systems (TS) plays an important role not only for planning system implementation before development, but also for analyzing system performance once the system is in use. In the present work, we evaluate the traceability granularity using a comprehensive and quantifiable model and try find its influencing factors via an empirical analysis with 80 vegetable companies in Tianjin city, China. Granularity indicators were collected mostly by the TS platform to ensure the objectivity of the data, and the granularity score was evaluated by using a TS granularity model. The results show a clear imbalance in the distribution of companies as a function of score. The number of companies (21) scoring in the range [50,60] exceeded the number in the other score ranges. Furthermore, the influencing factors on traceability granularity were analyzed by using a rough set method based on nine factors pre-selected by using a published method. The results show that the factor “number of TS operation staff” is deleted because it is unimportant. The remaining factors rank according to importance as follows: Expected revenue > Supply chain (SC) integration degree > Cognition of TS > Certification system > Company sales > Informationization management level > System maintenance investment > Manager education level. Based on these results, the corresponding implications are given with the goal of (i) establishing the market mechanism of high price with high quality, (ii) increasing government investment for constructing the TS, and (iii) enhancing the organization of SC companies.
Proposal of a New Double-Nozzle Technique for In-Gas-Jet Laser Resonance Ionization Spectroscopy
Authors: Varentsov Victor
Published: April 2023

In this paper a new double-nozzle technique for in-gas-jet laser resonance ionization spectroscopy is proposed. The functionality of this new technique we explored by detailed gas dynamic and Monte Carlo atom-trajectory simulations, which results are presented and discussed. The results of similar computer simulations for JetRIS setup (as a typical representative of the conventional nowadays in-gas-jet technique) are presented and discussed as well. The direct comparison of calculation results for proposed new technique with the conventional one shows that the double-nozzle technique has many advantages compared with that one used in the JetRIS setup at GSI for future high-resolution laser spectroscopic study of heaviest elements. To fully implement the proposed new technique to all existing (or under construction) setups for in-gas-jet laser resonance ionization spectroscopy, it will be enough just replace the used their supersonic nozzle by the miniature double-nozzle device described in the paper.
The Purpose of Adrenarche Is Tumor Suppression: Identification of a Novel, Human-Specific, Kill-Switch Tumor Suppression Mechanism Dependent upon the Dramatic Adrenarchal Rise of Adrenal Androgens
Authors: Nyce Jonathan Wesley
Published: April 2023

Adrenarche is a developmental phase that occurs only in humans and chimpanzees. It is characterized by the maturation of the adrenal zona reticularis, culminating in the synthesis and secretion of enormous amounts of dehydroepiandro-sterone sulfate (DHEAS) into the blood stream. The purpose of adrenarche, and the flooding of the circulation with DHEAS in the period preceding the onset of adult human body size, has been described as “enigmatic.” This laboratory has uncovered a previously unknown, human-specific “kill-switch” tumor suppression mechanism in which circulating DHEAS is pumped into cells that have undergone tumorigenic mutation(s)— primarily in the TP53 tumor suppressor gene. We refer to such tumorigenic single cells as singularities. The advantage of eliminating tumorigenic cells while they are still in their single cell state, before they have evolved into the heterogeneous tumor cell populations that have proven refractory to chemotherapeutic sterilization, is obvious. This is accomplished by activation of the kill-switch in singularities by de-sulfating imported DHEAS to dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), a potent uncompetitive inhibitor of the enzyme Glucose-6-phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD). G6PD is responsible for the production of most of the NADPH required for the synthesis and maintenance of activity of anti-oxidant selenoproteins, and for the ubiquinol that prevents ferroptosis. In singularities, uncompetitive inhibition of G6PD by DHEA rapidly becomes irreversible, leading to ROS/ferroptosis-mediated cell death.
Discovery of New 2-Phenylamino-3-Acyl-1,4-Naphthoquinones as Inhibitors of Cancer Cells Proliferation. Searching for Intra-cellular Targets Playing a Role in Cancer Cells Survival
Authors: Benites Julio , Valderrama Jaime Adolfo , Contreras Álvaro , Enríquez Cinthya , Pino-Rios Ricardo , Yáñez Osvaldo , Buc Calderon Pedro
Published: April 2023

A series of 2-phenylamino-3-acyl-1,4-naphtoquinones were evaluated regarding their in vitro antiproliferative activities using DU-145, MCF-7 and T24 cancer cells. Such activities were discussed in terms of molecular descriptors like half-wave potentials, hydrophobicity and molar refractivity. Compounds 4 and 11 display the highest antiproliferative activity against the three cancer cells, therefore, they were subject to further studies. The in silico prediction of drug likeness, using pkCSM and SwissADME explorer online, shows that compound 11 is a suitable lead molecule to be developed. Furthermore, the expression of some key genes was studied in DU-145 cancer cells. They include genes involved in apoptosis (Bcl-2), tumor metabolism regulation (mTOR), redox homeostasis (GSR), cell cycle regulation (CDC25A), cell cycle progression (TP53), epigenetic (HDAC4), cell-cell communication (CCN2) and inflammatory pathways (TNF). Compound 11 displays an interesting profile because among these genes, mTOR was significantly less expressed as compared to control conditions. Molecular docking show that compound 11 has good affinity with mTOR, unraveling a potential inhibitory effect on this protein. Due to the key role of mTOR on tumor metabolism, we suggest that impaired DU-145 cells proliferation by compound 11 is caused by a reduced mTOR expression (less mTOR protein) and inhibitory activity on mTOR protein.
Serving SDGs via Bank Mergers: Neuro-Quantum Fuzzy Analysis of SDG-Based Bank Mergers in Qatar
Authors: Al-Binali Tamy , Aysan Ahmet Faruk , Dinçer Hasan , Unal Ibrahim Musa , Yüksel Serhat
Published: April 2023

This paper analyzes the potential strategies for a bank merger from a Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) perspective, focusing on three key criteria: profitability, market share, and service quality. In the short-term, the merged bank should prioritize optimizing financial performance through cost management, revenue stream identification, and risk management practices. Market share expansion can be achieved through targeted customer acquisition and retention efforts, market research, and competitive analysis. Service quality can be enhanced through improved customer service, efficient complaint resolution processes, and leveraging technology. These short-term plans align the merged bank's operations with the identified criteria and promote responsible banking practices that contribute towards the SDGs. In the long-term, the merged bank should focus on diversifying revenue streams, expanding its customer base, and optimizing cost structure. Long-term strategies should include establishing a strong brand presence, customer loyalty programs, and continuous improvement in service quality. The paper emphasizes the importance of monitoring progress, making necessary adjustments, and aligning with SDGs for sustained profitability and long-term success in the marketplace. The findings of this study provide valuable insights for banks considering a merger and highlight the significance of considering SDGs in their strategic planning.
The Effectiveness of Nutrition Interventions for Improvement of Professional and Semiprofessional Soccer Players: A Systematic Review Protocol
Authors: Aguinaga-Ontoso Ines , Guillen-Aguinaga Sara , Guillen-Aguinaga Laura , Alas-Brun Rosa , Guillen-Grima Francisco
Published: April 2023

The unique physical demands of soccer necessitate optimal nutrition strategies for enhancing players' performance, recovery, and overall health. However, the effects of nutrition interventions on professional soccer players remain underexplored. This review aims to synthesize the current literature on the impact of nutrition interventions on professional soccer players' performance to inform future research and practical applications. The review will follow the PRISMA guidelines and the Cochrane Handbook of Systematic Reviews. We will employ a four-part search strategy to identify relevant studies, including electronic bibliographic databases, trial registers, the web of clinical trials, and bibliography screening. Inclusion criteria will encompass randomized clinical trials involving professional or semiprofessional soccer players utilizing a nutrition or diet intervention. Quality assessment will be conducted using the Risk of Bias 2 (RoB 2) tool. A narrative synthesis will be provided, detailing the intervention types and their effects on performance. This review will offer a comprehensive understanding of the potential benefits of nutrition interventions for soccer professionals, helping coaches, nutritionists, and players to tailor their approaches for optimal performance and recovery.
The Climate-Proof Planning towards the Ecological Transition. Isola Sacra - Fiumicino (Italy) between Flood Risk and Urban Development Prospectives
Authors: Mariano Carmela , Marino Marsia
Published: April 2023

According to the Global Report on Internal Displacement (GRID, 2022), the number of displaced people worldwide at the end of 2021 was 59.1 million, with 53.2 million of them being the result of conflicts and violence, and 5.9 million caused by climate-related disasters. Furthermore, the In-ternational Organization for Migration (IOM) predicts that the climate crisis will be solely re-sponsible for one billion migrants by 2050. In this context, the research examines the issue of coastal multi-risk arising from a combination of heavy rainfall, river's overflow, and sea-level rise phenomena, analysing it through the disciplinary perspective of urban planning. Specifically, the study focuses on the need to upgrade the Local Urban Plan from a climate-proof perspective by defining a method aimed at updating the territory's cognitive framework through the preparation of a multi-risk map (which considers different time horizons), as well as the prescriptive apparatus of the Plan through the definition of a toolkit of site-specific design actions oriented towards urban adaptation. The proposed methodology is verified on the case study of Isola Sacra, Fiumicino (Italy), and it is intended to be applicable to other territorial contexts. The research aims to outline guidelines for updating urban planning tools from a climate-proof perspective to promote long-term resilient urban development in risk-prone areas.
Influence of Malaxation Conditions on Phenolic Composition of Virgin Olive Oils: A Brief Review
Authors: Marx Ítala M.G. , Priego-Capote Feliciano
Published: April 2023

Olive oil plays a key role in the Mediterranean diet, possessing unique and recognized health properties as well as highly appreciated organoleptic attributes. Health benefits are related with oils’ fatty acid composition, and richness in minor compounds. Phenolic compounds support a health claim concerning oil protective effects on the oxidation of blood lipids and provide oxidative stability. In this sense, changes in the extraction process have been increasingly studied to obtain oils enriched in phenols. Phenolics proportion in oil partly reflects the rate of their solubilization and chemical and/or enzymatic reactions, which are highly affected by the technological parameters, including the extraction conditions. To establish proper oil extraction parameters allows improving the healthy and sensory properties of the product through various mechanisms, including the activation or inhibition of enzymes present in olive tissues. The literature has demonstrated a great attention on technological parameters and oils’ health-related composition. Thus, several strategies have been proposed to improve malaxation process and obtain oils with high quality. In this review, we describe these strategies with special emphasis on those involving emerging technologies. The effects of different technologies applied during extraction on oil phenolic composition are evaluated. Trends and future perspectives are also discussed.
A Quantitative PED Definition with Contextual Targets
Authors: Schneider Simon , Zelger Thomas , Sengl David , Baptista José
Published: April 2023

This paper presents the goals and components of a quantitative energy balance assessment framework to define PEDs flexibly in three important contexts: the context of the district's density and RES potential, the context of a district's location, induced mobility and the context of the dis-trict's future environment and its decarbonized energy demand or supply. It starts by introducing the practical goals of this definition approach: achievable, yet sufficiently ambitious to be inline with Paris 2050 for most urban and rural Austrian district typologies. It goes on to identify the main design parts of the definition: system boundaries, balancing weights and balance targets and argue how they can be linked to the definition goals in detail. In particular we specify three levels of system boundaries and argue their individual necessity: operation, including everyday mobili-ty, including embodied energy and emissions. It argues that all three pillars of PEDs, energy effi-ciency, onsite renewables and energy flexibility can be assessed with the single metric of a prima-ry energy balance when using carefully designed, time-dependent conversion factors. Finally, it is discussed how balance targets can be interpreted as information and requirements from the sur-rounding energy system, which we identify as a "context factor". Three examples of such context factors, each corresponding to the balance target of one of the previously defined system bounda-ries operation, mobility and embodied emissions are presented: Density (as a context of opera-tion), sectoral energy balances and location (as a context for mobility) and an outlook of a person-al emission budgets (as a context for embodied emissions). Finally, the proposed definition framework is applied to seven distinct district typologies in Austria and discussed in terms of its design goals.