bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unified analysis of EGC diversity over Weibull fading channels
Authors: El Bouanani Faissal , Ben‐Azza Hussain
Published: January 2015

In this paper, the performance analysis based on PDF approach of an L‐branch equal gain combiner (EGC) over independent and not necessarily identical Weibull fading channels is presented. Several closed‐form approximate expressions are derived in terms of only one Fox H‐function as PDF, cumulative distribution function, and moments of the EGC output Signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR), outage probability, amount of fading, channel capacity, and the average symbol error rate for various digital modulation schemes. All results are illustrated and verified by simulations using computer algebra systems.
Diastereoselective Synthesis of (1,3‐Dioxan‐4‐yl)pyrimidine and Purin Nucleoside Analogues
Authors: Battisti Umberto M. , Sorbi Claudia , Quotadamo Antonio , Franchini Silvia , Tait Annalisa , Schols Dominique , Jeong Lak Shin , Lee Sang Kook , Song Jayoung , Brasili Livio
Published: January 2015

(1,3‐Dioxan‐4‐yl)‐substituted nucleoside analogues, higher homologues of antiviral and anticancer 1,3‐dioxolanes, were prepared from the key intermediate (4‐acetoxy‐1,3‐dioxan‐2‐yl)methyl benzoate and silylated bases. Glycosylation, carried out under Vorbrüggen conditions in the presence of trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (TMSOTf) as a catalyst, afforded the desired compounds with high stereoselectivity and regioselectivity, with only the desired β‐anomeric N‐1 pyrimidine and N‐9 purin nucleosides being obtained. 1H NMR experiments established that the β‐anomers were diequatorial, and this assignment was confirmed by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Despite their structural similarities with natural nucleosides, none of the synthesized nucleosides showed antiviral activity.
One‐day pulsed‐field gel electrophoresis protocol for rapid determination of emetic Bacillus cereus isolates
Authors: Kaminska Paulina S. , Fiedoruk Krzysztof , Jankowska Dominika , Mahillon Jacques , Nowosad Karol , Drewicka Ewa , Zambrzycka Monika , Swiecicka Izabela
Published: January 2015

Bacillus cereus, the Gram‐positive and spore‐forming ubiquitous bacterium, may cause emesis as the result of food intoxication with cereulide, a heat‐stable emetic toxin. Rapid determination of cereulide‐positive B. cereus isolates is of highest importance due to consequences of this intoxication for human health and life. Here we present a 1‐day pulsed‐field gel electrophoresis for emetic B. cereus isolates, which allows rapid and efficient determination of their genomic relatedness and helps determining the source of intoxication in case of outbreaks caused by these bacilli.
The decline of cooperation, the rise of competition: developmental effects of long‐term social change in Mexico
Authors: García Camilo , Rivera Natanael , Greenfield Patricia M.
Published: January 2015

Using Greenfield's theory of sociocultural change and human development as a point of departure, we carried out two experimental studies exploring the implications of decades of globalised social change in Mexico for children's development of cooperation and competition. In rural San Vicente, Baja California, the baseline was 1970 and the historical comparison took place 40 years later. In Veracruz, the baseline was 1985 and the historical comparison took place 20 years later. In Veracruz, children were tested in both rural and urban settings. We hypothesized that cooperative behavior would decrease in all three settings as a result of the sociocultural transformations of the past decades in Mexico. The Madsen Marble Pull Game was used to assess cooperative and competitive behavior. As predicted by Greenfield's theory of social change and human development, the Marble Pull procedure revealed a striking decrease over time in levels of cooperative behavior, with a corresponding rise in competitive behavior, in all three settings.
Influence of pre‐cooking protein paste gelation conditions and post‐cooking gel storage conditions on gel texture
Authors: Paker Ilgin , Matak Kristen E
Published: January 2015

BACKGROUND

Gelation conditions affect the setting of myofibrillar fish protein gels. Therefore the impact of widely applied pre‐cooking gelation time/temperature strategies and post‐cooking period on the texture and color of final protein gels was determined. Four pre‐cooking gelation strategies (no setting time, 30 min at 25 °C, 1 h at 40 °C or 24 h at 4 °C) were applied to protein pastes (fish protein concentrate and standard functional additives). After cooking, texture and color were analyzed either directly or after 24 h at 4 °C on gels adjusted to 25 °C.

RESULTS

No‐set gels were harder, gummier and chewier (P < 0.05) when analyzed immediately after cooling; however, gel chewiness, cohesiveness and firmness indicated by Kramer force benefited from 24 h at 4 °C gel setting when stored post‐cooking. Gel‐setting conditions had a greater (P < 0.05) effect on texture when directly analyzed and most changes occurred in no‐set gels. There were significant (P < 0.05) changes between directly analyzed and post‐cooking stored gels in texture and color, depending on the pre‐cooking gelation strategy.

CONCLUSION

Pre‐cooking gelation conditions will affect final protein gel texture and color, with gel stability benefiting from a gel‐setting period. However, post‐cooking storage may have a greater impact on final gels, with textural attributes becoming more consistent between all samples. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Long‐term remission of recurrent thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) after Rituximab in children and young adults
Authors: Wieland Ivonne , Kentouche Karim , Jentzsch Madlen , Lothschütz Daniela , Graf Norbert , Sykora Karl‐Walter
Published: January 2015

Introduction

Acquired thrombotic‐thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by autoantibodies directed against the von Willebrand metalloprotease. Depletion of B‐cells can prevent synthesis of this antibody and presumably induce remission of the disease. In adults, Rituximab (RTX) was effective in relapsed or refractory acute idiopathic TTP.

Procedure

We report the long‐term follow‐up of five children and two adolescents (age at diagnosis 6–19 years, median 15 years) who were treated with RTX for recurrent or refractory TTP. Some of the patients suffered from recurrent refractory TTP with long histories of previous unsuccessful treatments. One had TTP associated with pancreatitis.

Results

Three patients have been in complete remission after one treatment course with RTX. Four relapsed after 1 to 5 years, respectively, and responded to additional courses of RTX. One of them is in long‐term remission after a third course of RTX and splenectomy. Compared to literature reports with a median follow up of 1.4 years (3–46 month), follow‐up of our patients after treatment with RTX was very long (2–12.7 years, median 7.7 years). RTX therapy could induce long‐term remissions in children with refractory recurrent TTP. Median duration of remission was longer and relapses per patient‐years less frequent in patients receiving RTX compared to patients not receiving it. Remissions were achieved in children within one week, much faster than in adults.

Conclusion

Because of the rapid induction of remissions, RTX may be suitable for first‐line therapy in pediatric acquired antibody‐mediated TTP. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2015;62:823–829. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Early development of human lymphomas in a prostate cancer xenograft program using triple knock‐out Immunocompromised mice
Authors: Wetterauer Christian , Vlajnic Tatjana , Schüler Julia , Gsponer Joel R. , Thalmann George N. , Cecchini Marco , Schneider Julia , Zellweger Tobias , Pueschel Heike , Bachmann Alexander , Ruiz Christian , Dirnhofer Stephan , Bubendorf Lukas , Rentsch Cyrill A.
Published: January 2015

Background

There is an urgent need for preclinical models of prostate cancer; however, clinically relevant patient‐derived prostate cancer xenografts (PDXs) are demanding to establish.

Methods

Sixty‐seven patients who were undergoing palliative transurethral surgery or radical prostatectomy for histologically confirmed, clinically relevant prostate cancer were included in the study. Fresh prostate cancer tissue was identified by frozen analysis in 48 patients. The cancer tissue was transplanted subcutaneously and under the renal capsule of NSG and NOG mice supplemented with human testosterone. All growing PDXs were evaluated by histology and immunohistochemistry.

Results

Early assessment of the animals at least three months after transplantation included 27/48 (56.3%) eligible PDX cohorts. PDX growth was detected in 10/27 (37%) mouse cohorts. Eight of the ten PDXs were identified as human donor derived lymphomas, including seven Epstein Barr virus (EBV)‐positive diffuse large B‐cell lymphomas and one EBV‐negative peripheral T‐cell lymphoma. One sample consisted of benign prostatic tissue, and one sample comprised a benign epithelial cyst. Prostate cancer was not detected in any of the samples.

Conclusions

Tumors that arise within the first three months after prostate cancer xenografting may represent patient‐derived EBV‐positive lymphomas in up to 80% of the early growing PDXs when using triple knockout NSG immunocompromised mice. Therefore, lymphoma should be excluded in prostate cancer xenografts that do not resemble typical prostatic adenocarcinoma. Prostate 75: 585–592, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
CYP3A5 regulates prostate cancer cell growth by facilitating nuclear translocation of AR
Authors: Mitra Ranjana , Goodman Oscar B.
Published: January 2015

BACKGROUND

The central role of androgen receptor (AR) signaling is established in prostate cancer growth and progression. We propose CYP3A5 is part of a feedback loop that modulates the sensitivity of AR to androgen exposure. The purpose of this study is to elucidate the mechanism of regulation of AR expression by CYP3A5.

METHODS

To identify the role of CYP3A5 in regulating AR signaling, CYP3A5 protein expression was inhibited using CYP3A5 siRNA and azamulin. Both cell fractionation and immunocytochemical approaches in combination with dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and R1881 treatment were used to evaluate changes in AR nuclear translocation.

RESULTS

CYP3A5 siRNA blocked growth of LNCaP and C4–2 cells by 30–60% (P ≤ 0.005). Azamulin, a CYP3A pharmacologic inhibitor, reduced the growth of LNCaP, C4–2 and 22RV1 lines by ∼40% (P ≤ 0.005). CYP3A5 siRNA inhibited growth in response to DHT and R1881 treatment in LNCaP and C4–2 by decreasing nuclear AR localization and resulting in diminished PSA and TMPRSS2 expression. Decreased AR nuclear localization resulting from CYP3A5 inhibition resulted in growth inhibition comparable to IC60 and IC40 of bicalutamide in LNCaP and C4–2 cell lines. Conversely, the CYP3A inducer rifampicin enhanced AR nuclear localization.

CONCLUSION

As CYP3A5 regulates the nuclear translocation of AR; co‐targeting CYP3A5 may provide a novel strategy for enhancing the efficacy of androgen deprivation therapy. Consequentially, these data suggest that concomitant medications may impact androgen deprivation therapy's efficacy. Prostate 75: 527–538, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Luminescence and scintillation properties of CsI: A potential cryogenic scintillator
Authors: Mikhailik V. B. , Kapustyanyk V. , Tsybulskyi V. , Rudyk V. , Kraus H.
Published: January 2015

Caesium iodide is one of the most extensively studied scintillators. Here, we present X‐ray luminescence spectra, scintillation light output and decay curves as a function of temperature, from room temperature down to below 10 K. Features of the observed intrinsic luminescence are explained in terms of radiative recombination of on‐ and off‐center STE. A model permitting interpretation of the dynamics of luminescence changes in CsI with temperature is suggested. This model includes adiabatic potential energy surfaces (APES) associated with singlet and triplet states of self‐trapped excitons (STE) and explains the variation of the luminescence spectra with temperature as a result of re‐distribution in the population between on‐ and off‐center STE. The temperature dependence of the scintillation light yield is discussed in the framework of the Onsager mechanism.
Mite-Allergic Rhinitis: How to Evaluate Clinical Efficacy in Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy Trials?
Authors: Pfaar Oliver , Gerth van Wijk Roy
Published: January 2015

Opinion statement

House dust mite (HDM) allergen exposure is the most important cause of perennial allergic rhinitis and/or asthma. Although allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) with HDM is well established, published studies have been characterized by substantial heterogeneity in clinical endpoints. Standardization in measuring clinical efficacy is required. Moreover, when designing an AIT trial with HDM allergens, several considerations have to be taken into account. The history of HDM allergy is less clear cut than the typical history of pollen allergy. In addition, clinical features of HDM allergy may differ from those of pollen allergy. Moreover, although not easily measurable, fluctuation in allergen exposure may cause variation in symptom severity and determine the timing of assessment of clinical effects of HDM AIT.

Key points

1. A combined symptom and medication score (CSMS) is recommended as standard for the primary endpoint in future house dust mite (HDM) allergen-specific immunotherapy trials.

2. The diagnosis of HDM allergy is based on a carefully taken history in combination with sensitization to HDM allergens.

3. Eye symptoms are less prominent in patients with HDM-induced allergic rhinitis. Nasal symptoms, but not eye symptoms, should be included in the CSMS and in symptom scores as well.

4. As methods to determine allergen exposure vary and the efficacy of environmental control is a matter of debate, a practical approach consists of restraining patients from implementing HDM-reducing measures, such as removing carpets and introducing anti-mite covers, after the start of the study.

5. Efficacy evaluation in the period with the highest exposure to mites is recommended.
Suicide attempt rates and intervention effects in women of Turkish origin in Berlin
Authors: Aichberger M.C. , Heredia Montesinos A. , Bromand Z. , Yesil R. , Temur-Erman S. , Rapp M.A. , Heinz A. , Schouler-Ocak M.
Published: January 2015

Purpose:

Ethnic minority groups show elevated suicide attempt rates across Europe. Evidence suggests a similar trend for women of Turkish origin in Germany, yet data on suicidal behaviour in minorities in Germany is scarce. The objective was to examine rates of suicidal behaviour, underlying motives, and to explore the effectiveness of an intervention program.

Methods:

From 05/2009–09/2011, data on all suicide attempts among women of Turkish origin who presented at a hospital-based emergency unit in Berlin, Germany, were collected. A multi-modal intervention was conducted in 2010 and the effects of age, generation and the intervention on suicide attempt rates were examined.

Results:

At the start, the highest rate was found in women aged 18–24 years with 225.4 (95% CI = 208.8–242.0)/100,000. Adjustment disorder was the most prevalent diagnosis with 49.7% (n = 79), being more common in second-generation women (P = .004). Further analyses suggested an effect of the intervention in the youngest age group (trend change of ß = –1.25; P = .017).

Conclusion:

Our findings suggest a particularly high rate of suicide attempts by 18–24-year-old, second-generation women of Turkish origin in Berlin. Furthermore, our results suggest a trend change in suicide attempts in women aged 18–24 years related to a population-based intervention program.
Strategy Training During Inpatient Rehabilitation May Prevent Apathy Symptoms After Acute Stroke
Authors: Skidmore Elizabeth R. , Whyte Ellen M. , Butters Meryl A. , Terhorst Lauren , Reynolds Charles F.
Published: January 2015

Background

Apathy, or lack of motivation for goal‐directed activities, contributes to reduced engagement in and benefit from rehabilitation, impeding recovery from stroke.

Objective

To examine the effects of strategy training, a behavioral intervention used to augment usual inpatient rehabilitation, on apathy symptoms over the first 6 months after stroke.

Design

Secondary analysis of randomized controlled trial.

Setting

Acute inpatient rehabilitation.

Participants

Participants with acute stroke who exhibited cognitive impairments (Quick Executive Interview Scores ≥3) and were admitted for inpatient rehabilitation were randomized to receive strategy training (n = 15, 1 session per day, 5 days per week, in addition to usual inpatient rehabilitation) or reflective listening (n = 15, same dose).

Methods

Strategy training sessions focused on participant‐selected goals and participant‐derived strategies to address these goals, using a global strategy training method (Goal‐Plan‐Do‐Check). Reflective listening sessions focused on participant reflections on their rehabilitation goals and experiences, facilitated by open‐ended questions and active listening skills (attending, following, and responding).

Main Outcome Measures

Trained raters blinded to group assignment administered the Apathy Evaluation Scale at study admission, 3 months, and 6 months. Data were analyzed with repeated‐measures fixed‐effects models.

Results

Participants in both groups had similar subsyndromal levels of apathy symptoms at study admission (strategy training, mean = 25.79, standard deviation = 7.62; reflective listening, mean = 25.18, standard deviation = 4.40). A significant group × time interaction (F2,28 = 3.61, P = .040) indicated that changes in apathy symptom levels differed between groups over time. The magnitude of group differences in change scores was large (d = −0.99, t28 = −2.64, P = .013) at month 3 and moderate to large (d = −0.70, t28 = −1.86, P = .073) at month 6.

Conclusion

Strategy training shows promise as an adjunct to usual rehabilitation for maintaining low levels of poststroke apathy.
Personal reputation and the organization
Authors: Zinko Robert , Rubin Mark
Published: January 2015

Drawing from fields such as marketing psychology, strategy, social psychology, and organizational behavior, the present examination explores the individual and organizational bases for personal reputation; specifically, how different bases interact with one another to produce an individual’s reputation within organizations. It is proposed that individuals use personal reputations to satisfy their need for positive self-esteem as well as to secure their sense of belonging in organizations. Furthermore, reputation allows individuals to obtain rewards such as autonomy, power, and career success and the opportunity to signal key information to audiences. Likewise, organizations utilize personal reputations to predict their members’ behaviors, market those who are a part of the organization to others, build their own corporate reputations, and signal information to consumers and competitors. To further this understanding of personal reputation an examination is presented as to how organizations serve as an essential context within which individuals realize their personal reputations and regulate their behavior.
Augmented descriptions and nomenclature of the cirratulid polychaetesDodecaceria fimbriataandD. concharum
Authors: Gibson Peter H.
Published: January 2015

Oersted in 1843 gave a brief description ofDodecaceria concharumcollected from the Kattegat. This was inadequate for identifying the species. Caullery and Mesnil in 1898 described three forms ofDodecaceria(A,BandC) but they were uncertain which form Oersted described. Dehorne in 1933 describedD caulleryi(nowD. fimbriata), which reproduce asexually, andForm Bof Caullery and Mesnil. By defaultForm BbecameD. concharumthe parthenogenetic speciesForm Aof Caullery and Mesnil. Gibson and Heppell in 1995 in an attempt to consolidate these names deposited new types for the two species at the Cambers Street Museum in Edinburgh.
Range expansion, biometric features and molecular identification of the exotic ark shell Anadara kagoshimensis from Galician waters, NW Spain
Authors: Bañón Rafael , Fernández Jesús , Trigo Juan E. , Pérez-Dieste Jacinto , Barros-García David , de Carlos Alejandro
Published: January 2015

The occurrence of the alien species Anadara kagoshimensis is reported for the first time in the Ría de Arousa (Galicia, NW Spain) during 2013. Living specimens of this species have been recognized by morphological analysis. The cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene has been partially sequenced and Maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses carried out to confirm its identification. This new record reaffirms the presence of A. kagoshimensis, previously reported as Anadara inaequivalvis, along the Atlantic European coast extending the known distribution range in Spanish waters to the south.
Capacity for scaling up nutrition: a focus on pre-service training in West Africa and a Ghanaian case study
Authors: Aryeetey Richmond N. O. , Laar Amos , Zotor Francis ,   Ghana SUN Academic Platform
Published: January 2015

The 2013 Lancet series on maternal and child nutrition is identified and advocated for improved institutional and human capacity in nutrition towards scaling up nutrition (SUN) in countries with high stunting rates. Of the fifty-four countries with high burden of child undernutrition who have committed to the SUN movement, thirty-six are in Africa. In the present paper, the academic platform of the SUN movement in Ghana presents an overview of nutrition pre-service capacity in West Africa with a focus on Ghana. The present paper is based on the findings of a sub-region-wide assessment of degree programmes in nutrition in West Africa, plus another report on pre-service nutrition capacity in diploma awarding nursing and nutrition programmes in Ghana. Although there is inadequate evidence on pre-service nutrition training in the sub-region, the two reports provide useful evidence for action, including inadequate number and distribution of pre-service nutrition training programmes, low nutrition graduate output, poor quality of the programme curriculum and instruction, and sub-optimal capital investment. The present paper calls for urgent action to improve pre-service nutrition capacity building as a critical step towards SUN in West Africa.
EFFECTS OF EXTENDED UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE BENEFITS ON LABOR DYNAMICS
Authors: Faig Miquel , Zhang Min , Zhang Shiny
Published: January 2015

We calculate that the extension of unemployment insurance benefits during downturns has significantly increased the variability of unemployment and vacancies in the United States. Taking this into account reduces the value of leisure necessary to match the wide labor market business cycles experienced in the United States using the Mortensen--Pissarides model. For this calculation, we analyze a version of the model where unemployment insurance benefits not only expire but must be earned with prior employment. With these features, we can calibrate the model to be consistent with unemployment responding strongly to productivity shocks and mildly to changes in unemployment insurance policies. Our preferred calibration predicts that the standard deviation of unemployment since 1945 would have fallen by around 37% if there had not been programs extending unemployment benefits during recessions. We also find that the enactment of the Emergency Unemployment Compensation program in 2008 increased the unemployment rate by 0.5 percentage points.
Sex-Associated Differences in the Modulation of Vascular Risk in Patients with Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis
Authors: Buratti Laura , Balestrini Simona , Avitabile Emma , Altamura Claudia , Vernieri Fabrizio , Viticchi Giovanna , Falsetti Lorenzo , Provinciali Leandro , Silvestrini Mauro
Published: January 2015

In this study, we aimed to identify determinants of the different sex-related stroke risk in subjects with asymptomatic internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis. In all, 492 women (44.4%) and 617 men (55.6%), with unilateral 60% asymptomatic ICA stenosis, were prospectively evaluated with a median follow-up of 37 months (interquartile range, 26 to 43). Vascular risk profile, plaque characteristics, stenosis progression, and common carotid artery intima-media thickness were investigated. Outcome measure was the occurrence of ischemic stroke ipsilateral to ICA stenosis. Myocardial infarction, contralateral stroke and transient ischemic attack were considered as competing events. The incidence rate of ipsilateral stroke over the entire follow-up period was 0.16%: 0.09% (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.05 to 0.15) in women and 0.22% (95% CI 0.17 to 0.29) in men (log-rank test, P<0.001). Stenosis progression significantly influenced the risk of ipsilateral stroke in both men (subhazard ratio, SHR, 8.99) and women (SHR 4.89). Stenosis degree (71% to 90%, SHR 2.35; 91% to 99%, SHR 3.38) and irregular plaque surface (SHR 2.32) were relevant risk factors for ipsilateral stroke only in men. Our findings suggest that characteristics of the stenosis and plaque exert a different effect in modulating vascular risk in the two sexes. Understanding sex differences in cardiovascular disease could help to target sex-specific future therapies.
Hyperperfusion Counteracted by Transient Rapid Vasoconstriction Followed by Long-Lasting Oligemia Induced by Cortical Spreading Depression in Anesthetized Mice
Authors: Unekawa Miyuki , Tomita Yutaka , Toriumi Haruki , Osada Takashi , Masamoto Kazuto , Kawaguchi Hiroshi , Itoh Yoshiaki , Kanno Iwao , Suzuki Norihiro
Published: January 2015

Cortical spreading depression (CSD) involves mass depolarization of neurons and glial cells accompanied with changes in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and energy metabolism. To further understand the mechanisms of CBF response, we examined the temporal diametric changes in pial arteries, pial veins, and cortical capillaries. In urethane-anesthetized mice, the diameters of these vessels were measured while simultaneously recording rCBF with a laser Doppler flowmeter. We observed a considerable increase in rCBF during depolarization in CSD induced by application of KCl, accompanied by a transient dip of rCBF with marked vasoconstriction of pial arteries, which resembled the response to pin-prick-induced CSD. Arterial constriction diminished or disappeared during the second and third passages of CSD, whereas the rCBF increase was maintained without a transient dip. Long-lasting oligemia with a decrease in the reciprocal of mean transit time of injected dye and mild constriction of pial arteries was observed after several passages of the CSD wave. These results indicate that CSD-induced rCBF changes consist of initial hyperemia with a transient dip and followed by a long-lasting oligemia, partially corresponding to the diametric changes of pial arteries, and further suggest that vessels other than pial arteries, such as intracortical vessels, are involved.
NQO1-induced activation of AMPK contributes to cancer cell death by oxygen-glucose deprivation
Authors: Lee Hyemi , Oh Eun-Taex , Choi Bo-Hwa , Park Moon-Taek , Lee Ja-Kyeong , Lee Jae-Seon , Park Heon Joo
Published: January 2015

Oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) due to insufficient blood circulation can decrease cancer cell survival and proliferation in solid tumors. OGD increases the intracellular [AMP]/[ATP] ratio, thereby activating the AMPK. In this study, we have investigated the involvement of NQO1 in OGD-mediated AMPK activation and cancer cell death. We found that OGD activates AMPK in an NQO1-dependent manner, suppressing the mTOR/S6K/4E-BP1 pathway, which is known to control cell survival. Thus, the depletion of NQO1 prevents AMPK-induced cancer cell death in OGD. When we blocked OGD-induced Ca2+/CaMKII signaling, the NQO1-induced activation of AMPK was attenuated. In addition, when we blocked the RyR signaling, the accumulation of intracellular Ca2+and subsequent activation of CaMKII/AMPK signaling was decreased in NQO1-expressing cells under OGD. Finally, siRNA-mediated knockdown of CD38 abrogated the OGD-induced activation of Ca2+/CaMKII/AMPK signaling. Taken together, we conclude that NQO1 plays a key role in the AMPK-induced cancer cell death in OGD through the CD38/cADPR/RyR/Ca2+/CaMKII signaling pathway.
Analysis of the developing neural system using an in vitro model by Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Hashimoto Kosuke , Kudoh Suguru N. , Sato Hidetoshi
Published: January 2015

We developed an in vitro model of early neural cell development.
Correction: Imaging mass spectrometry of a mouse brain by tapping-mode scanning probe electrospray ionization
Authors: Otsuka Yoichi , Naito Junpei , Satoh Shuya , Kyogaku Masafumi , Hashimoto Hiroyuki , Arakawa Ryuichi
Published: January 2015

Correction for ‘Imaging mass spectrometry of a mouse brain by tapping-mode scanning probe electrospray ionization’ by Yoichi Otsuka et al., Analyst, 2014, 139, 2336–2341.
Hollow fiber supported liquid-phase microextraction combined with maltodextrin-modified capillary electrophoresis for the determination of citalopram enantiomers in urine samples
Authors: Abolhasani Jafar , Jafariyan Hamid Reza , Mahdi khataei Mohammad , Hosseinzadeh-khanmiri Rahim , Ghorbani-kalhor Ebrahim , Hassanpour Akbar
Published: January 2015

A simple method was developed for the separation and determination of citalopram enantiomers in urine samples.
Iron-catalyzed aerobic oxidative functionalization of sp3 C–H bonds: a versatile strategy for the construction of N-heterocycles
Authors: Chen Xiuling , Chen Tieqiao , Ji Fangyan , Zhou Yongbo , Yin Shuang-Feng
Published: January 2015

Iron-catalyzed aerobic oxidative functionalization of sp3 C–H bonds using a biofriendly iron catalyst in combination with O2 or air as the sole oxidant has been developed for the construction of N-heterocycles from easily available carboxylic acid derivatives and o-substituted anilines.
Synthesis and structural characterization of 3,5-dinitro-1,2,4-triazolates
Authors: Haiges R. , Bélanger-Chabot G. , Kaplan S. M. , Christe K. O.
Published: January 2015

Several novel salts with the energetic 3,5-dinitro-1,2,4-triazolate (DNT) anion have been prepared and characterized.
Synthesis and spectroscopic properties of Yb3+ and Tb3+ co-doped GdBO3 materials showing down- and up-conversion luminescence
Authors: Grzyb Tomasz , Kubasiewicz Konrad , Szczeszak Agata , Lis Stefan
Published: January 2015

Gadolinium orthoborates doped with Yb3+ and Tb3+ ions, showing dual-mode luminescence (down- and up-conversion), were synthesised by the sol–gel Pechini method and analysed.
Long- and short-range structure studies of KBT-KBZ solid-solutions using synchrotron radiation
Authors: Liu Samuel , Blanchard Peter E. R. , Zhang Zhaoming , Kennedy Brendan J. , Ling Chris D.
Published: January 2015

Synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction patterns of K0.5Bi0.5Ti1−xZrxO3 (KBT-KBZ), showing the pseudocubic tetragonal region at all intermediate compositions in the solid-solution.
Optical properties and energy transfer of a novel KSrSc2(PO4)3:Ce3+/Eu2+/Tb3+ phosphor for white light emitting diodes
Authors: Jiao Mengmeng , Lv Wenzhen , Lü Wei , Zhao Qi , Shao Baiqi , You Hongpeng
Published: January 2015

Tunable blue to blue-green novel KSrSc2(PO4)3:Ce3+,Tb3+ and KSrSc2(PO4)3:Eu2+,Tb3+ phosphors have been prepared and investigated in detail.
Synthesis of multivalent silica nanoparticles combining both enthalpic and entropic patchiness
Authors: Hubert Céline , Chomette Cyril , Désert Anthony , Sun Ming , Treguer-Delapierre Mona , Mornet Stéphane , Perro Adeline , Duguet Etienne , Ravaine Serge
Published: January 2015

Silica particles with a controlled number of entropic patches, i.e. dimples, are synthesized through the growth of the silica core of binary multipods that have been produced by a seeded-growth emulsion polymerization reaction. Transmission electron microscopy studies indicate that the silica surface conforms to the shape of the polystyrene (PS) nodules of the multipods while growing, allowing good control of the final shape of the dimpled silica particles. The PS nodules are also used as protecting masks to regioselectively graft amino groups, as revealed by the adsorption of gold markers. After dissolution of the PS nodules, some polymer chains remain grafted onto the silica surface, forming organic bumps. These residues are also selectively functionalized, leading to silica particles with both entropic and enthalpic patches.
Influence of droplet size on the antioxidant activity of rosemary extract loaded oil-in-water emulsions in mixed systems
Authors: Erdmann Martin E. , Zeeb Benjamin , Salminen Hanna , Gibis Monika , Lautenschlaeger Ralf , Weiss Jochen
Published: January 2015

The influence of droplet size on the antioxidant activity of oil-in-water emulsions loaded with rosemary extract in mixed emulsion systems was investigated.
Effects of morphology and chemical doping on electrochemical properties of metal hydroxides in pseudocapacitors
Authors: Lee Gyeonghee , Varanasi Chakrapani V. , Liu Jie
Published: January 2015

Morphology controlled, cobalt doped-nickel hydroxide materials are synthesized via ethanol-mediated solvothermal synthesis with glucose and they show improved electrochemical performances.
Enhancing the anti-inflammatory activity of chalcones by tuning the Michael acceptor site
Authors: Rücker Hannelore , Al-Rifai Nafisah , Rascle Anne , Gottfried Eva , Brodziak-Jarosz Lidia , Gerhäuser Clarissa , Dick Tobias P. , Amslinger Sabine
Published: January 2015

Boosting the alkylation power of chalcones creates new anti-inflammatory agents. Thus NF-κB-dependent proteins are inhibited and Nrf2-dependent ones activated. The activity enhancement relies solely and very effectively on the α-substituent of the α,β-unsaturated carbonyl unit.
Optimization and partial purification of a high-activity lipase synthesized by a newly isolated Acinetobacter from offshore waters of the Caspian Sea under solid-state fermentation
Authors: Moradi Samira , Razavi Seyed Hadi , Mousavi Seyyed Mohammad , Gharibzahedi Seyed Mohammad Taghi
Published: January 2015

A new aerobic mesophilic bacterium was isolated from the southern coastal waters of the Caspian Sea which substantially produced an extracellular lipase in solid-state fermentation using milled coriander seeds (MCS) as support substrate.
Enantiomeric neolignans and sesquineolignans from Jatropha integerrima and their absolute configurations
Authors: Zhu Jian-Yong , Cheng Bao , Zheng Yin-Jia , Dong Zhen , Lin Shu-Ling , Tang Gui-Hua , Gu Qiong , Yin Sheng
Published: January 2015

Two pairs of new sesquineolignan enantiomers, 1a/1b and 2a/2b, one pair of new neolignan enantiomer, 4a/4b, and two new neolignans, 3a and 5a, together with seven known analogues were isolated from the trunks of Jatropha integerrima.
An Fe3O4@(C–MnO2) core–double-shell composite as a high-performance anode material for lithium ion batteries
Authors: Fu Yanqing , Wang Xianyou , Wang Hao , Zhang Youwei , Yang Xiukang , Shu Hongbo
Published: January 2015

An Fe3O4@(C–MnO2) composite with a cube-like core–double-shell structure has been successfully prepared as an anode material.
Tuning the charge transfer route by p–n junction catalysts embedded with CdS nanorods for simultaneous efficient hydrogen and oxygen evolution
Authors: Zhang Kan , Kim Wanjung , Ma Ming , Shi Xinjian , Park Jong Hyeok
Published: January 2015

The p/n junction of MoS2/N-RGO co-catalysts not only works as the HER and OER electrocatalyst for H2 and O2 generation respectively, but also facilitates charge separation by its inner electric field.
1,1-Diamino-2,2-dinitroethene (FOX-7) and 1-amino-1-hydrazino-2,2-dinitroethene (HFOX) as amphotères: bases with strong acids
Authors: Vo Thao T. , Shreeve Jean'ne M.
Published: January 2015

The exciting discovery of the first cations based on 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethene (FOX-7) and its hydrazine derivative, 1-amino-1-hydrazino-2,2-dinitroethene (HFOX), along with their syntheses and full characterization is described.
Biodegradable and biocompatible soy protein/polymer/adhesive sticky nano-textured interfacial membranes for prevention of esca fungi invasion into pruning cuts and wounds of vines
Authors: Sett S. , Lee M. W. , Weith M. , Pourdeyhimi B. , Yarin A. L.
Published: January 2015

Adhesive biodegradable membranes (patches) for protection of pruning locations of plants from esca fungi attacks were developed using electrospun soy protein/polyvinyl alcohol and soy protein/polycaprolactone nanofibers.
Correction: Preparation and characterization of activated montmorillonite clay supported 11-molybdo-vanado-phosphoric acid for cyclohexene oxidation
Authors: Boudjema S. , Vispe E. , Choukchou-Braham A. , Mayoral J. A. , Bachir R. , Fraile J. M.
Published: January 2015

Correction for ‘Preparation and characterization of activated montmorillonite clay supported 11-molybdo-vanado-phosphoric acid for cyclohexene oxidation’ by S. Boudjema et al., RSC Adv., 2015, 5, 6853–6863.
Degradation of gap junction connexins is regulated by the interaction with Cx43-interacting protein of 75 kDa (CIP75)
Authors: Kopanic Jennifer L. , Schlingmann Barbara , Koval Michael , Lau Alan F. , Sorgen Paul L. , Su Vivian F.
Published: January 2015

The connexin43-interacting protein of 75 kDa directly interacts with the gap junction proteins connexin32, connexin40 and connexin45, facilitating their proteasomal degradation.
The Tribbles 2 (TRB2) pseudokinase binds to ATP and autophosphorylates in a metal-independent manner
Authors: Bailey Fiona P. , Byrne Dominic P. , Oruganty Krishnadev , Eyers Claire E. , Novotny Christopher J. , Shokat Kevan M. , Kannan Natarajan , Eyers Patrick A.
Published: January 2015

We report that Tribbles 2 (TRB2), a pseudokinase linked to cancer, binds ATP and autophosphorylates in a metal-independent manner. This activity is prevented by mutations in the ATP-binding site and a TRB2 mutant can be targeted with a small molecule ligand.
Functional hemichannels formed by human connexin 26 expressed in bacteria
Authors: Fiori Mariana C. , Krishnan Srinivasan , Cortes D. Marien , Retamal Mauricio A. , Reuss Luis , Altenberg Guillermo A. , Cuello Luis G.
Published: January 2015

Gap-junction channels (GJCs) communicate the cytoplasm of adjacent cells and are formed by head-to-head association of two hemichannels (HCs), one from each of the neighbouring cells. GJCs mediate electrical and chemical communication between cells, whereas undocked HCs participate in paracrine signalling because of their permeability to molecules such as ATP. Sustained opening of HCs under pathological conditions results in water and solute fluxes that cannot be compensated by membrane transport and therefore lead to cell damage. Mutations of Cx26 (connexin 26) are the most frequent cause of genetic deafness and it is therefore important to understand the structure–function relationship of wild-type and deafness-associated mutants. Currently available connexin HC expression systems severely limit the pace of structural studies and there is no simple high-throughput HC functional assay. The Escherichia coli-based expression system presented in the present study yields milligram amounts of purified Cx26 HCs suitable for functional and structural studies. We also show evidence of functional activity of recombinant Cx26 HCs in intact bacteria using a new growth complementation assay. The E. coli-based expression system has high potential for structural studies and high-throughput functional screening of HCs.
Interleukin-32γ attenuates ethanol-induced liver injury by the inhibition of cytochrome P450 2E1 expression and inflammatory responses
Authors: Lee Dong Hun , Kim Dae Hwan , Hwang Chul Ju , Song Sukgil , Han Sang Bae , Kim Youngsoo , Yoo Hwan Soo , Jung Young Suk , Kim Soo Hyun , Yoon Do Young , Hong Jin Tae
Published: January 2015

Interleukin-32 (IL-32) is a cytokine and it showed a protective role in liver damage caused by chronic alcohol abuse through reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory responses.
Estimating sediment and particulate organic nitrogen and particulate organic phosphorous yields from a volcanic watershed characterized by forest and agriculture using SWAT model
Authors: Wang Chunying , Jiang Rui , Mao Xiaomin , Sauvage Sabine , Sánchez-Pérez José-Miguel , Woli Krishna P. , Kuramochi Kanta , Hayakawa Atsushi , Hatano Ryusuke
Published: January 2015

The study was conducted in the Shibetsu River watershed (SRW), Hokkaido, Japan, in order to examine the possibility of using the soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) to provide an understanding of sediment and particulate organic nitrogen (PON) and particulate organic phosphorous (POP) yields between 2003 and 2008. The SRW is a non-conservative catchment (the surface catchment lying on a continuous impervious horizon) and it is recognized that it receives external groundwater (EXT) from other watersheds. The EXT yield from each hydrologic response unit (HRU) was added to streamflow in the SWAT model. Simulated daily sediment and PON and POP yields from the SWAT model showed a strong agreement with the observed values. The simulated annual sediment yield ranged from 5 to 45 tonnes.km−2.yr−1 (annual mean of 24 tonnes.km−2.yr−1). Annual PON yield ranged from 0.1 to 0.3 tonnes.km−2.yr−1 (annual mean of 0.18 tonnes.km−2.yr−1). Annual POP yield ranged from 0.01 to 0.03 tonnes.km−2.yr−1 (annual mean of 0.02 tonnes.km−2.yr−1). Snowfall, snowmelt and rainfall seasons contributed about 10, 20 and 70% respectively to total sediment and associated PON and POP yields. The SWAT model identified that sub-basins located in the upper part of the watershed were critical source area of land surface erosion. This research demonstrates the ability of the SWAT model to estimate sediment and associated PON and POP yields, and to improve the understanding of soil erosion mechanisms at catchment scale receiving external water.
Does Extraction or Retention of the Wisdom Tooth at the Time of Surgery for Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of the Mandible Alter the Patient Outcome?
Authors: Hammond Douglas , Parmar Sat , Whitty Justin , Pigadas Nick
Published: January 2015

Whether to extract or retain wisdom teeth present in a fracture line is a controversial topic. This study reviewed the records of all patients who had mandibular wisdom teeth at the time of the injury, and had an open reduction and internal fixation procedure between January 2009 and January 2012. The cohort of patients who concomitantly had their wisdom tooth extracted at the time of fixation had a greater complication rate (24.3%) compared with patients who did not (14.9%). This suggests that if third molars in the line of a fracture have caries, are fractured, show signs of pericoronitis, are periodontally involved, or are interfering with the occlusion are extracted at the time of fixation, this will increase the incidence of complications.
Comment on “Towards high efficiency thin-film crystalline silicon solar cells: The roles of light trapping and non-radiative recombinations” [J. Appl. Phys. 115, 094501 (2014)]
Authors: Abenante L.
Published: January 2015

In the above paper, an analytical approach including a new solution to the differential diffusion equation in illuminated quasi-neutral regions (QNR) is exploited to calculate the short-circuit current density (Jsc), open-circuit voltage (Voc), fill factor (FF), and efficiency (η) of light-trapping (LT) c-Si solar cells with a given structure. Comparisons with numerical results calculated by the Silvaco ATLAS device simulator in the same LT cells show that the analytical results are systematically overestimated. According to the authors, the inaccuracies in Jsc, Voc, and η are due to the fact that assuming ideal collection from space-charge region (SCR) and using the superposition approximation introduce systematic errors into analytical models. In this comment, an analytical approach using reported solutions to the transport equations in QNR and SCR, where ideal collection from SCR is assumed and the superposition approximation is used, is shown to agree with both the Silvaco and PC1d numerical approaches in calculating Jsc, Voc, and η, in the same LT devices as considered in the commented paper. Reasons for the inaccuracies detected in the commented paper are suggested.
Stability of a pinned magnetic domain wall as a function of its internal configuration
Authors: Montaigne F. , Duluard A. , Briones J. , Lacour D. , Hehn M. , Childress J. R.
Published: January 2015

It is shown that there are many stable configurations for a domain wall pinned by a notch along a magnetic stripe. The stability of several of these configurations is investigated numerically as a function of the thickness of the magnetic film. The depinning mechanism depends on the structure of the domain wall and on the thickness of the magnetic film. In the case of a spin-valve structure, it appears that the stray fields emerging from the hard layer at the notch location influence the stability of the micromagnetic configuration. Different depinning mechanisms are thus observed for the same film thickness depending on the magnetization orientation of the propagating domain. This conclusion qualitatively explains experimental magnetoresistance measurements.
Pulsating instability and self-acceleration of fast turbulent flames
Authors: Poludnenko Alexei Y.
Published: January 2015

A series of three-dimensional numerical simulations is used to study the intrinsic stability of high-speed turbulent flames. Calculations model the interaction of a fully resolved premixed flame with a highly subsonic, statistically steady, homogeneous, isotropic turbulence. The computational domain is unconfined to prevent the onset of thermoacoustic instabilities. We consider a wide range of turbulent intensities and system sizes, corresponding to the Damköhler numbers Da = 0.1 − 6.0. These calculations show that turbulent flames in the regimes considered are intrinsically unstable. In particular, we find three effects. (1) Turbulent flame speed, ST, develops pulsations with the observed peak-to-peak amplitude STmax/STmin>10 and a characteristic time scale close to a large-scale eddy turnover time. Such variability is caused by the interplay between turbulence, which continuously creates the flame surface, and highly intermittent flame collisions, which consume the flame surface. (2) Unstable burning results in the periodic pressure build-up and the formation of pressure waves or shocks, when ST approaches or exceeds the speed of a Chapman-Jouguet deflagration. (3) Coupling of pressure gradients formed during pulsations with density gradients across the flame leads to the anisotropic amplification of turbulence inside the flame volume and flame acceleration. Such process, which is driven by the baroclinic term in the vorticity transport equation, is a reacting-flow analog of the mechanism underlying the Richtmyer-Meshkov instability. With the increase in turbulent intensity, the limit-cycle instability discussed here transitions to the regime described in our previous work, in which the growth of ST becomes unbounded and produces a detonation.