bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Protective Properties of Astaxanthin and its Esters Isolated from the Haematococcus pluvialis Alga during the Photodegradation of Chlorophyll a
Authors: Viazau E.V. , Goncharik R.G. , Vasilov R.G. , Selishcheva A.A.
Published: July 2021

The effect of the natural carotenoid astaxanthin (AST) and its esters as inhibitors of chlorophyll (Chl) a photodegradation in the Haematococcus pluvialis unicellular alga has been studied. It was shown that the presence of AST or its esters in low concentrations ((0.67 μM)) suppressed by 15-17% the Chl a destruction as a result of irradiation of a Chl a solution in acetone with white light (250 μmol photons∙m-2∙s-1 for 2 h 20 min). When Chl a solutions were irradiated with blue light (500 μmol∙photons∙m-2∙s-1 for 5 h) in the presence of AST or its esters at high concentrations (AST : Chl a = 5 : 1 mol/mol), the Chl a degradation was suppressed by 40-50%. In a highly polar medium (methanol), the rate of Chl a photodegradation was much higher than in an apolar medium (hexane : acetone = 94 : 6). Esterified AST forms are better protectors of Chl a than unsubstituted AST, which is consistent with the general idea of the predominance of AST esters in the microalga H. pluvialis cells in vivo. The results indicate a possible protective role of AST against Chl a photooxidation in H. pluvialis cells.

astaxanthin, chlorophyll, singlet oxygen, photodegradation, Haematococcus pluvialis

This work was supported by the Belarusian Republican Foundation for Basic Research (project no. B19РМ-010) and Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project no. 19-54-04003).
Properties of Bifidobacteria and Their Use for Scientific and Practical Purposes
Authors: Nikolaeva L.I.
Published: July 2021

Bifidobacteria occupy a special place among various representatives of normal human microbiota. A wide range of probiotic preparations has been obtained based on cultivated strains of various bifidobacteria of the intestinal microbiota. A number of scientific publications noted the immunomodulatory, anticarcinogenic, and antiviral properties of bifidobacteria in vitro and in vivo. Recently, progress has been made in the research and application of this group of microorganisms in genetic engineering. It was established that vaccines against viral and bacterial infections and antitumor substances can be developed on the basis of various strains of bifidobacteria. Bifidobacteria can also be used as adjuvants for other vaccines, as well as delivery systems for biologically active substances to tumors. The prospects for the use of bifidobacteria for the development of recombinant vaccines are discussed.

bifidobacteria, medical and biological properties, recombinant vaccines, drug delivery, adjuvants, plasmids

This work was funded by the Epidemiology and Microbiology National Research Center.

The authors are grateful to V. V. Kuprianov for valuable comments on the text of the review.
Composition of Collagen-Containing Preparations from Jellyfish Rhopilema asamushi Uchida and Assessment of the Safety of Their External Use
Authors: Kovalev A.N. , Pozdnyakova Yu.M. , Esipenko R.V.
Published: July 2021

Methods have been developed for obtaining polyfunctional preparations of various degrees of purification from rhopilema jellyfish in the form of collagen and proteoglycane complexes, and their safety for the external use has been assessed. In our study, we used HPLC, SDS-PAGE and IR spectroscopy. The composition (proteins, including collagen, amino acids and carbohydrates) and properties of the obtained preparations were determined. The structure of collagen as a part of the isolated complexes was analyzed, and the degree of preservation of its tertiary structure was shown. Changes in the molecular weight distribution of protein fractions were established for different methods of isolation of the substances. The safety of external use of the obtained drugs was analyzed in terms of acute toxicity, skin irritant and sensitizing action in accordance with the requirements for toxicological studies of ingredients of cosmetics in an experiment on test animals.

jellyfish ropilema, collagen, electrophoresis, IR spectroscopy, toxicity, skin irritant effect

The authors express their gratitude to P. A. Zadorozhny, Senior Researcher of the Laboratory of Molecular and Elemental Analysis of the Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, for conducting IR spectrometry. The authors are also grateful to O. B. Romanova (Deputy Chief Physician), E. G. Land (Doctor for Sanitary and Hygienic Laboratory Studies), O. A. Stroeva (Biologist of the Vivarium) and G. P. Prikhodko (Veterinarian of the Vivarium), employees of the Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in Primorsky Krai, for conducting toxicological tests.
A Technology for Genetic Identification of Varieties and Wild Forms of Grapes Based on Multilocus Microsatellite Analysis
Authors: Shilov I.A. , Kislin E.N. , Malyuchenko O.P. , Kharchenko P.N.
Published: July 2021

The genotyping technology has been developed based on 9 microsatellite loci (VVS2, VVMD5, VVMD7, VVMD27, VVMD28, VVMD25, VVMD32, VrZAG62, VrZAG79). It can be used for efficient, accurate and fast identification of grape varieties and forms (genus Vitis). The proposed approach includes a multiplex PCR of all loci followed by electrophoretic analysis of DNA fragments in one capillary of a genetic analyzer. The application of an additional length standard, an allelic ladder, consisting of all possible DNA fragments of the analyzed microsatellite loci, is one of the key features of the technology, which ensures the accuracy and reproducibility of the results. The advantage of the proposed technology is the ability to standardize and automate the procedure using 96-well plates, which opens up the possibility of conducting mass analyses. As a result of the study of varieties and forms of Vitis genus species, genetic passports were obtained, according to which a dendrogram was constructed, reflecting the genetic relationship of the studied samples. The developed technology makes it possible to distinguish varieties and wild forms of grapes; it can be used for their identification and determination of genetic distance between them, as well as for assessment of planting material and protection of breeders' rights. Vitis, grapes, microsatellites, SSR, genotyping, multiplex PCR, DNA fragment analysis The work was carried out within the framework of the state assignment on the topic "Development of New Technologies for Genetic Analysis of Forms of Agricultural Plants to Accelerate and Control the Selection Process" (project no. 0574-2019-0003).
Strengthening Anti-Bribery Governance through Integration of GCG with SNI ISO 37001: 2016 ABMS
Authors: Hanindita RR. Dwi Setyani , Julaeha Linda , Soewito Yohanes Daniel Luke
Published: July 2021

The government's desire to improve the quality of State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) by implementing GCG is considered not yet optimal because there are still several cases of non-compliance by SOEs with high GCG scores. Therefore, a clear standard or method is needed so that the implementation of GCG in State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs)can be carried out more optimally. The purpose of this research is to find out whether SNI ISO 37001: 2016 Anti-Bribery Management System (ABMS) can be integrated with GCG in order to improve the quality of governance in State-Owned Enterprises. The discussion is carried out in two parts: first, a descriptive discussion related to GCG and ISO 37001: 2016 itself, and second, a discussion related to how to identify and integrate GCG with ISO 37001: 2016. This study uses descriptive qualitative analysis method, with literature study and analysis of related laws and regulations. The results show that ISO 37001: 2016 can be one of the guidelines or a foundation for SOEs to implement GCG in accordance with the Regulation of the State Minister for State-Owned Enterprises Number: PER-01 / MBU / 2011. It is recommended that SOEs start implementing GCG with reference to ISO 37001. : 2016. However, it should be understood that SNI ISO 37001: 2016 is not the only guideline or reference because there are several other things that must be fulfilled in GCG that are not listed in SNI ISO 37001: 2016.
Sufism as The Core of Islam: A Review of Imam Junayd Al-Baghdadi’s Concept of Tasawwuf
Authors: Setiawan Cucu , Maulani Maulani , Busro Busro
Published: July 2021

This paper studies the thoughts of Abu ‘l-Qasim al-Junaid ibn Muhamad ibn Al-Junayd al-Khazzaz al-Qawariri Nihawandi al-Baghdadi, one of the prominent figures during the early development of Sufism, or also known in Arabic as tasawwuf. This study attempts to find a confluence between tasawwuf and Islam, on the basis that Islamic teachings are going through degradation in meanings and tasawwuf is often considered as a bid’ah (heresy) in Islamic studies. This research used a library research method and Junayd al-Baghdadi’s treatise, Rasail Junaid, as the primary data source. This study concludes that tasawwuf is not only an aspect or a segment of Islamic teachings, but it is the core of Islam itself as a religion. There are three central theories of tasawwuf by Junayd al-Baghdadi: mitsaq (covenant), fana (annihilation of self), and tawhid (unification). Based on these three theories, we can conclude that Junayd al-Baghdadi succeeded in conciliating the debate among tasawwuf and fiqh scholars. He also managed to knock down the stigma of tasawwuf as a heresy. His thoughts redefine tasawwuf into a simple and acceptable teaching for Muslims.
Süleymaniye Kütüphanesi’nde Bulunan XIX. Yüzyıla Ait Dört Adet Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’in Serlevha Bezemesi
Authors: Aksoy Şaştım Yeşim , Bilen Yusuf
Published: July 2021

Geçmişten günümüze ulaşan kültürel mirasımızın sembolü el yazması eserler, bugün özel koleksiyon, müze ve kütüphanelerde muhafaza edilmektedir. Kütüphane, bünyesinde farklı tarihlere ait yazma eserleri barındıran bir hazinedir. Bu kütüphanelerden biri de Süleymaniye Yazma Eserler Kütüphanesi’dir. Bu makalede, Süleymaniye Yazma Eserler Kütüphanesi, Yazma Bağışlar koleksiyonunda bulunan XIX. Yüzyıla ait dört adet Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’in serlevha bezemeleri ele alınmıştır. Eserlerin tamamı Osmanlı tezhip sanatında Batılılaşma dönemi olarak da adlandırılan XIX. yüzyıl tezhip sanatının tezyînat özelliklerini gözler önüne seren örneklerdir. Bu dönemde, serbest formda yapılan yaprak motifleri ve natüralist üslûpta çiçek tasvirleri bezemelerde sıklıkla tercih edilmektedir. Müzehhep serlevha sayfaları, sayfa düzeni, desen, motif, kompozisyon, renk özellikleri, döneminin tezhip anlayışını temsil etmesi ve tezhip sanatı bakımından önemlidir.
Delimitación de zonas potenciales de recarga hídrica en la unidad hidrográfica Quebrada Arriba, departamento de Madriz, Nicaragua
Authors: Urbina G. Amarus Aurelio , Maradiaga-F Eddy Vladimir
Published: July 2021

El agua subterránea es un recurso indispensable para el abastecimiento, el consumo humano y el desarrollo de actividades agropecuarias en las zonas rurales del país. Con el propósito de desarrollar estrategias y acciones de conservación y manejo de agua por parte de los comunitarios, se aplicó el mapeo de zonas potenciales de recarga hídrica en la unidad hidrográfica Quebrada Arriba, ubicada en el municipio de Yalagüina, departamento de Madriz, Nicaragua. El mapa de zonas potenciales de recarga hídrica (ZPRH) aporta un valioso instrumento de trabajo para la gestión ambiental, y ofrece los elementos esenciales para el desarrollo de una política de ordenamiento del territorio. La metodología empleada permitió delimitar unidades espaciales de recarga hídrica de forma integral y asocia variables ambientales como factores morfológicos, edáficos y efectos antrópicos, como elementos que rigen el almacenamiento y movimiento de agua en el recurso suelo. El estudio determinó que en la unidad hidrográfica Quebrada Arriba hay cuatro categorías de posibilidad de recarga: un área de 91 ha (14 %) con una muy baja posibilidad, otra de 286 ha en categoría de baja recarga (44 %), seguida por 214,5 ha (33 %) de moderada posibilidad, y 58,5 ha (9 %) con alta posibilidad de recarga. En consecuencia, el contexto físico de la cuenca se clasifica con moderada capacidad de infiltración de agua en el suelo. Se concluye que las zonas con posibilidad de recarga baja y moderada son las áreas por priorizar, con acciones encaminadas a protección y conservación de recursos naturales.
Perfil do desenvolvimento motor e cognitivo de crianças com idade entre zero e um ano matriculadas nas creches públicas da rede municipal de educação de presidente prudente
Authors: Mastroianni Edelvira de Castro Quintanilha , Bofi Tânia Cristina , Carvalho Augusto Cesinando de
Published: July 2021

A estimulação das crianças nos primeiros anos de vida é fundamental, pois é nessa fase que ocorre a maior maturação do Sistema Nervoso Central. Sendo a creche um ambiente onde um grande número de crianças pequenas passa grande parte do seu tempo, a qualidade de seus serviços é cada vez mais tópico para discussão. O propósito do estudo foi avaliar o desenvolvimento motor e cognitivo de crianças com idade entre zero e um ano, matriculadas nas creches públicas de Presidente Prudente. Os resultados mostraram que a idade cronológica das crianças foi de 10,08 meses, já a idade motora ficou em 9,69 meses e a cognitiva em 9,10 meses, em média. Esses resultados permitem inferir que as crianças estudadas, estão aproveitando a estimulação recebida. Entretanto, apesar da estrutura atual não estar trazendo prejuízos significativos ao desenvolvimento infantil é fundamental buscarmos a superação de limites e a melhora das condições gerais das creches
Las adaptaciones curriculares de pequeno porte o no significativas en el contexto brasileño
Authors: Heredero Eladio Sebastián
Published: July 2021

La presente comunicación pretende conceptualizar qué se entiende por adaptaciones curriculares de pequeño porte dentro de la legislación brasileña, organizar todas las respuestas que a

diferentes niveles pueden darse dentro de la escuela inclusiva que en estos momentos vivimos y además aportar ideas y estrategias concretas para organizar esta medida de atención a la diversidad de la manera más eficaz posible. A partir de la reflexión sobre el trabajo en el aula y de la experiencia vivida en contextos escolares brasileños2 sobre la base de una metodología de investigación acción se hacen las aportaciones técnicas para su desarrollo en los centros educativos y se dan estrategias concretas para su organización en las instituciones escolares. Por último, se pretende aportar un documento denominado DACI en el cual se recojan todas las medidas que para un determinado alumno o grupo se quieran hacer a fin de ajustar la respuesta educativa a las necesidades concretas por él planteadas en el contexto del aula y de la escuela.
Planejamento e gestão educacional nos municípios: desafios para a autonomia
Authors: Gentilini João Augusto
Published: July 2021

A descentralização, a flexibilidade de gestão e o regime de colaboração entre a União, Estados e Municípios, constituem os novos eixos do sistema educacional brasileiro e abrem a possibilidade de Estados e Municípios constituírem, de forma autônoma, seus sistemas de ensino, respeitando as diretrizes nacionais de educação que recomendam, ainda, a articulação sistêmica entre as instâncias. Os primeiros resultados da pesquisa que estamos desenvolvendo sobre os sistemas municipais de ensino e as possibilidades de uma gestão educacional inovadora, demonstram que ainda está longe esta realidade. Pretende-se verificar as causas deste fato, através de uma revisão das raízes históricas dos municípios brasileiros e da discussão do conceito de autonomia municipal a partir da perspectiva de um poder local democrático, participativo e mobilizador, no qual uma gestão inovadora da educação municipal deve desempenhar um importante e estratégico papel.
Por uma história da sexualidade entre Freud e Foucault: costuras e alinhavos
Authors: Assis Maria de Fátima Pessoa de , Oliveira Maria Lúcia de
Published: July 2021

O presente artigo apresenta como objetivo abordar a temática da sexualidade na atualidade a partir das contribuições de Sigmund Freud e Michel Foucault. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, que derivou de experiências de trabalho no âmbito da pesquisa, do ensino e da extensão. Os resultados revelam que a aproximação entre Freud e Foucault torna-se importante por nos fazer ver as determinações históricas da sexualidade. Este estudo apresenta como conclusão a idéia de que embora existam diferenças entre estes autores no tratamento do tema da sexualidade, uma aproximação entre os mesmos é extremamente elucidadora para compreendermos os diferentes sentidos e significados que envolvem o debate sobre a sexualidade no contexto atual.
Biopolítica, educação e eugenia no Brasil (1911-1945)
Authors: Silva Mozart Linhares da
Published: July 2021

O artigo tem por objetivo analisar as relações entre educação e biopolítica no Brasil entre os anos de 1911 e 1945, datas consideradas em suas singularidades em função de dois episódios marcantes: a conferência proferida por Batista de Lacerda sobre a positivação da mestiçagem no Congresso Universal das Raças, em Londres, e o fim do Estado Novo. Para problematizar as relações entre eugenia e educação no Brasil lançamos mão de algumas ferramentas foucaltianas, como é o caso de conceitos como biopolítica, governamento, governamentalidade, regimes de verdade e poder-saber. As relações entre eugenia, educação e a política de Estado são consideradas como exemplos de governamentalidade biopolítica, quando o homem brasileiro, o “povo”, passou a ser pensado na sua condição de corpo-espécie da população. As questões relacionadas à raça da população assumiram papel importante no discurso político educacional, pois dentre os aspectos mais importantes do movimento eugênico no Brasil, estava a formação de uma consciência eugênica, que deveria ser “incutida” desde a infância. Um movimento intelectual de significativa importância assumiu o discurso eugênico como estratégia biopolítica de melhoria da “raça”, e, fora nos anos 1930 que esse movimento alcançou êxito institucional.
Educação e "raça" (etnia): percepções de educadores dos anos iniciais da rede pública de ensino do Distrito Federal
Authors: Silva Francisco Thiago , Carneiro Maria Helena da Silva , Borges Lívia Freitas Fonseca
Published: July 2021

Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa que articulou teorias e manifestações sobre as várias concepções do termo “raça” ao longo da história da humanidade, sobretudo na ótica da biologia geneticista, mas que não foi hegemônica, e das manifestações sócio-históricas do conceito, tendo como pano de fundo a historiografia do povo afro-brasileiro e as tentativas de hierarquização raciais ocorridas no Brasil. O estudo foi feito por meio de revisão bibliográfica e metodologicamente com aplicação de questionários em uma escola da Rede Pública de ensino do Distrito Federal, Brasil. O assunto foi abordado sob a ótica reflexiva de autores como: Barbujani (2007), Diwan (2011), Munanga (2003), Gomes (2000, 2005) e Filice (2011). O instrumento de pesquisa utilizado foi o questionário que conteve a técnica da associação livre, em seguida a hierarquização sucessiva de Abric (2001). O objetivo foi tentar identificar as percepções de oito professoras dos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental da Rede Pública a cerca do conceito “raça” (etnia). O resultado apontou o uso da terminologia raça como sendo ainda associada às diferentes características dos povos que formaram o Brasil. No entanto apontamos a possibilidade do uso de etnia para minimizar as diferenças étnico-raciais que ainda imperam na sociedade brasileira.
PENGARUH BAHAN ORGANIK TERHADAP DAYA IKAT AIR PADA TANAH ULTISOL LAHAN KERING
Authors: Panda Nikodemus Dongga , Jawang Uska Peku , Lewu Lusia Danga
Published: July 2021

Ultisol is one of the soils with limited physical characteristics. The water content is low, the permeability is not enough to pass water into the soil, and the organic-C content is classified as moderate. So that it affects the soil in storing low water, one solution to overcome the physical characteristics of is to provide organic matter into the soil. The purpose of this study was to determine the physical characteristics of Ultisol and to determine the effect of the combination of organic matter from cow dung and rice husk ash on the soil water holding capacity of ultisols on dry land. This study was conducted at the Laboratory of Wira Wacana Christian University, Sumba. This study used a completely randomized design with six treatments and four replications. Observation data were subjected to analysis of variance followed by LSD advanced test with a confidence level of 5%. The results showed that the application of organic matter on the soil significantly affected water content, field capacity, permeability, and C-organic. The application of organic matter can improve soil structure, not soil texture gave a very significant effect, and the treatment that had the best water content was 75% cow dung + 25% rice husk ash.
Introduction
Authors: Panofsky Ruth
Published: July 2021

Introduction by the guest editor.
Writing Back against Canada’s Fictive Ethnicity:: Bernice Winslow Loft (Dawendine) and Ethel Brant Monture
Authors: Edwards Brendan F. R.
Published: July 2021

The period after E. Pauline Johnson (Tekahionwake)’s literary career ended and before the emergence of contemporary Indigenous writing in Canada, roughly between 1910 and 1960, has been labelled as a “barren period” for Indigenous authorship. The relative failure by Indigenous Peoples in this period to garner publishers or attract wide readerships, however, had more to do with the political and social environment of Canada at the time, than either an ability (or inability) to write material of value. Bernice Winslow Loft (Dawendine) (1902-1997) and Ethel Brant Monture (1892-1977), in the face of considerable challenges to have their voices heard, demonstrate that the period after Johnson’s death was not entirely void of Indigenous authorship. Loft and Monture are among a small body of Indigenous authors during this period who, through persistence and performance, left their marks on the stages and pages of settler Canadian libraries and bookshelves. 
Fatigue investigation of threaded pipe connections
Authors: Van Wittenberghe Jeroen , De Pauw Jan , De Baets Patrick , De Waele Wim , Ost Wouter , De Roeck G. , Bui T.T.
Published: July 2021

Threaded pipe connections are used to connect well casing, well tubing, drill pipes and risers.For many of these applications fatigue resistance plays an important role. In this study the fatigueproperties of threaded connections are studied using a combination of finite element modelling andexperimental testing. Using 2D axisymmetric FE analysis several connections are compared. It is shownthat the load distribution over the engaged threads is an important feature. Experimental tests are carriedout on three setups. A small scale four-point bending setup is used to develop S-N curves. An S-N curve fora standard API Line Pipe connection is compared to an S-N curve for a connection that showed animproved load distribution over the engaged threads in the FE analysis. On a medium scale four-pointbending setup, strains together with crack opening are measured. The strain measurements are comparedwith the strains obtained by the numerical model. Finally a full scale resonant bending fatigue setup ispresented, which will be used in future testing of pipe connections ranging from 168 mm (6”) to 508 mm(20”) in diameter.
Influence of design features on the structural integrity of threaded pipe connections
Authors: Galle Timothy , De Waele Wim , Patrick De Baets , Van Wittenberghe Jeroen
Published: July 2021

When drilling and completing High Pressure High Temperature (HPHT) wells, the applied casingand tubing have to be able to withstand extreme conditions. Very often, the threaded connections are themost critical components in the entire chain. The overall design of several threaded and coupled (T&C)connections (eg. VAM TOP, JFEBear and the newest PatriotTC) is very similar. However, even bymodifying one single feature of the geometry, an improved structural integrity (eg. fatigue resistance, leaktightness or collapse strength) can be obtained. This paper gives an overview of the most importantgeometrical features and discusses their alleged effects on the structural integrity of the coupling.Ghent University, Laboratory Soete, BelgiumAt first, different thread designs were compared with each other and the effects on maximum allowabletorque during make-up and tension during service conditions were evaluated. Secondly, literature showsthat the use of an adequate torque shoulder is favourable, especially during the make-up stage. Whendesigning connections for purposes involving gasses, a gastight seal is required. The third part of this paperdiscusses the influences on the sealability and performance limits when making changes to the sealingarea. At last, the effect of overall changes (such as stress relief grooves) in the design and theirconsequences during running is shortly discussed. Based on this review, design guidelines for ‘optimized’premium T&C couplings can be formulated.
Characterization of a resonant bending fatigue test setup for pipes
Authors: Claeys Jonas , Van Wittenberghe Jeroen , De Baets Patrick , De Waele Wim
Published: July 2021

This paper discusses the resonant bending fatigue test setup designed at laboratory Soete forfull-scale fatigue tests on pipes. Following an enumeration of other types of fatigue test setups an attempt ismade to characterise the resonant bending machine. The characterisation is obtained by conductingdifferent tests on a steel pipe of grade API X65. Concordance between measured and calculated stressesand influence of excentre position on stress amplitude is discussed. High frequencies and small powerinput make this test setup very effective. The analytical model correctly predicts the measured stresses anda stress versus excentre curve is obtained. However not yet fully defined, it gives a first indication for theexcentre position when preparing for a fatigue test.
LME susceptibility of galvanised welded structures of high strength steels
Authors: Vermeersch M. , De Waele W. , Van Caenegem N.
Published: July 2021

Hot dip galvanizing is a very popular and well known process in corrosion protection of steel.However, very occasionally, cracks appear on structures when they leave the zinc bath. The responsiblecrack phenomenon appears to be liquid metal embrittlement. This phenomenon is already known for a longtime, but it is still not yet fully understood. The lack of fundamental theoretical knowledge and the absenceof accurate models to predict liquid metal embrittlement oblige engineers to set up extensive test programsto determine an area of process parameters in which safe design is guaranteed. A qualitativeunderstanding of the various influencing parameters during galvanizing is necessary to explain theoccurrence of liquid metal embrittlement. This knowledge is also helpful to design an experimental test setup and procedure for evaluating the influence of one parameter where the effect of other parameters shouldremain constant. This master thesis deals with the occurrence of liquid metal embrittlement whengalvanizing welded high strength steels. This paper gives an overview of the most important processparameters and gives a short description of possible future experimental work.
Magnetic pulse welding: lessons to be learned from explosive welding
Authors: Verstraete J. , De W W. , Faes K.
Published: July 2021

Almost 50 years after magnetic pulse welding was invented, it is finally finding its way to theprivate sector, in particular the transportation and refrigeration industries. To support this evolution, morefundamental and applied knowledge on magnetic pulse welding has to be established. Learning from theexplosive welding process which is very similar and already thoroughly studied and documented, is oneway of achieving this. This paper first discusses why both processes are alike, but not the same. A closerlook at the process parameters and especially those of explosive welding learned, that an increasing flyerplate velocity results in a transformation of the bonding interface from smooth to wavy and an increase inhardness at the surfaces of both metals. Welding windows developed for explosive welding are discussed.The reasons for the limitations set to impact angle and collision velocity in a welding window are brieflyreviewed. This information can give a hand in the optimization of the parameter settings to achieve soundwelds with the magnetic pulse process. To check if a high quality weld is made, several testing methods forboth processes are discussed and compared.
QUE FIM LEVARAM TODAS AS CORES?
Authors: Passos Ramalhete Mariana , Da Costa Sten Samira
Published: July 2021

Este artigo problematiza o tratamento dispensado às ilustrações do programa governamental Conta pra Mim (2020). Apresenta os avanços inerentes à literatura infantil na dimensão das relações étnico-raciais, bem como expõe o contexto histórico de implementação dessa política pública. A partir da contribuição de Vigotski, recorre aos conceitos de imaginação, e criatividade e elege como corpus analítico duas ilustrações circunscritas na categoria “livros de ficção” presentes no acervo do programa. Argumenta que a atual política governamental ignora os avanços no campo da literatura infantil e das discussões e lutas inerentes à educação para as relações étnico-raciais, por meio de uma política de branqueamento. Conclui que tal intento se constitui em um obstáculo à imaginação, criação e fantasia e presta um grande serviço à manutenção de um imaginário social fundamentado em padrões eurocêntricos hegemônicos.
APRENDER ENSINANDO: O QUE DIZEM AS PESQUISAS SOBRE O TEMA
Authors: Darroz Luiz Marcelo , Nicolodi Jean Carlos , Rosa Cleci Teresinha Werner da
Published: July 2021

Apresentam-se os resultados de uma investigação que buscou identificar, na produção científica, as contribuições de estratégias de ensino estruturadas por ações que proporcionam aprendizagens através do ensino. Foram utilizados, como base de dados, o Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da Capes, o conjunto de periódicos que integram o Sistema WebQualis da Capes – trabalhos disponíveis on-line, estratos A1 e A2 – e a biblioteca digital ERIC. Foram selecionados 34 trabalhos que apresentavam, no título, resumo ou nas palavras-chave, pelo menos uma destas expressões, adotadas como descritores do estudo: “Ensinar Aprendendo”, “Learning by teaching” e “Lernen durch Lehren”. Classificados em duas categorias de análise, os resultados apontam que a metodologia de aprender através do ensino está sendo utilizada em diferentes contextos escolares, consolidando-se com uma estratégia viável na promoção de aprendizagens sólidas e duradouras tanto para quem ensina quanto para o aprendiz.
A Natural Language Processing–Assisted Extraction System for Gleason Scores: Development and Usability Study (Preprint)
Authors: Yu Shun , Le Anh , Feld Emily , Schriver Emily , Gabriel Peter , Doucette Abigail , Narayan Vivek , Feldman Michael , Schwartz Lauren , Maxwell Kara , Mowery Danielle
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND

Natural language processing (NLP) offers significantly faster variable extraction compared to traditional human extraction but cannot interpret complicated notes as well as humans can. Thus, we hypothesized that an “NLP-assisted” extraction system, which uses humans for complicated notes and NLP for uncomplicated notes, could produce faster extraction without compromising accuracy.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to develop and pilot an NLP-assisted extraction system to leverage the strengths of both human and NLP extraction of prostate cancer Gleason scores.

METHODS

We collected all available clinical and pathology notes for prostate cancer patients in an unselected academic biobank cohort. We developed an NLP system to extract prostate cancer Gleason scores from both clinical and pathology notes. Next, we designed and implemented the NLP-assisted extraction system algorithm to categorize notes into “uncomplicated” and “complicated” notes. Uncomplicated notes were assigned to NLP extraction and complicated notes were assigned to human extraction. We randomly reviewed 200 patients to assess the accuracy and speed of our NLP-assisted extraction system and compared it to NLP extraction alone and human extraction alone.

RESULTS

Of the 2051 patients in our cohort, the NLP system extracted a prostate surgery Gleason score from 1147 (55.92%) patients and a prostate biopsy Gleason score from 1624 (79.18%) patients. Our NLP-assisted extraction system had an overall accuracy rate of 98.7%, which was similar to the accuracy of human extraction alone (97.5%; P=.17) and significantly higher than the accuracy of NLP extraction alone (95.3%; P<.001). Moreover, our NLP-assisted extraction system reduced the workload of human extractors by approximately 95%, resulting in an average extraction time of 12.7 seconds per patient (vs 256.1 seconds per patient for human extraction alone).

CONCLUSIONS

We demonstrated that an NLP-assisted extraction system was able to achieve much faster Gleason score extraction compared to traditional human extraction without sacrificing accuracy.
Appeal of Editor-in-Chief
Authors: Ivanov D.D.
Published: July 2021

No abstract
Relationship between malignancies and autoimmunity. A literature review and analysis of a clinical case
Authors: Yehudina Ye.D. , Dyadyk O.O. , Tripilka S.A. , Ter-Vartanіan S.Kh.
Published: July 2021

There is a complex bidirectional relationship between rheumatic diseases and cancer. Certain rheumatic diseases, in particular dermatomyositis, polymyositis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjogren’s syndrome, and systemic sclerosis, on the one hand, are associated with an increased risk of malignant neoplasms against the background of the disease, contributing to cancer due to immunological stimulation. On the other hand, it can manifest as a result of autoimmune reactions caused by primary cancer in the form of paraneoplastic syndrome. Paraneoplastic syndrome is a symptom or set of symptoms that are secondary to the primary cancer process. These symptoms can result from substances secreted by the tumor (hormones and other biologically active substances) or due to the immune reaction to tumor cells (autoimmune reactions, the formation of immune complexes, suppression of the immune system), involving various organs and systems distant from the primary focus or metastases. This paper presents a literature review about the relationship between autoimmune diseases, to a greater extent systemic lupus erythematosus, and malignant neoplasms, and a clinical case in which the manifestation of lupus nephritis coincided with the detection of papillary thyroid carcinoma.
Urinary tract infections in adults (selected chapters from Urological Infections 2021)
Authors: Bonkat (Chair) G. , Bartoletti R. , Bruyère F. , Cai T. , Geerlings S.E. , Köves B. , Schubert S. , Wagenlehner F.
Published: July 2021

No abstract
Comparative Study of Ma Jianzhong’s and Yan Fu’s Translation Views from the Perspective of Translation Ethics
Authors: Xibo Tian
Published: July 2021

Ma Jianzhong and Yan Fu are translators of the same period, the former put forward the theory of “good translation”, while the latter put forward “faithfulness, expressiveness, elegance”. This paper discusses the influence of translation ethics on the two translators from the perspectives of the translator's educational background, translation motivation, the choice of source text, and the reproduction and reconstruction of the translator’s ethics.
On the Nature of Meaning and Untranslatability
Authors: Saisai Huang
Published: July 2021

The nature of meaning has long been the focus of the study of the philosophy of language. In this paper, the relationship between language and the mind is talked in a detailed way by mentioning Saussure’s account of meaning and language that people see the world according to the structure of the language they have learnt. And the development of Saussure’s idea by Sapir and Whorf, linguistic determinism and its weaker version, linguistic relativity is stated especially by relating it with the notion of untranslatability. Then an instance of a loss or distortion of translation is quoted to defend untranslatability.
Ebriedad, fernandismo popular y represión en Oaxaca (1824-1833)
Authors: Santiago Aparicio Eliud
Published: July 2021

Durante la guerra de Independencia de México (1810-1821), la Intendencia de Oaxaca mostró gran lealtad al rey Fernando VII, pese a la ocupación de la entidad por fuerzas insurgentes durante dos años. Y, una vez consumada la Independencia en 1821, ciertos sectores populares continuaron expresando lealtad a la Corona española. El presente artículo analiza esas manifestaciones en ambientes de ebriedad y las reacciones de la sociedad y el gobierno, basado en la investigación de expedientes judiciales. Miembros de la sociedad interpusieron denuncias judiciales, mientras que el gobierno se propuso erradicar todo símbolo que remitiera al pasado colonial.
THE DRIVERS AND BARRIERS OF GREEN SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT IMPLEMENTATION: A REVIEW
Authors: Hebaz Ali , Oulfarsi Salah
Published: July 2021

Due to environmental degradation such as climate change, increased CO2 and GHG emission and all other problems threatening the world and its existence. Firms now are forced to think about integrating environmental thinking into their business operations in order to satisfy their stakeholders. Therefore, several organizations start developing environmental management strategies such as green practices overall their business operations, and since the supply chain concerns the product from its initial processing of raw material until the delivery to the customer there has been an emergency to integrate environmental thinking within this function. This paper aims to review the literature on the drivers and barriers influencing GSCM implementation. A total of 60 elements that englobe 28 drivers, and 32 barriers were identified from the selected literature where only the highest weightage factors are discussed. As results, Financial and cost related factors, Customers and Regulatory related factors seemed to behave simultaneously in both directions.
Byzantine epigrams on the Crucifixion of Jesus Christ.
Authors: Kantaras Anastasios
Published: July 2021

This article is dealing with issues of the Cross alongside the epigrams related to the Crucifixion written by a distinguished Byzantine scholar of the 7th century, Georgios Pisidis, focusing our attention and scope on particular aspects of those epigrams such as the possible influences and impact from literary texts previously and later written and most noticeable motifs.
Mala bestia foras dato. Spelling mistakes and loan phrases as means of interpretation of a Latin magical text
Authors: Barta Andrea
Published: July 2021

In 1911, Auguste Audollent received a lead tablet with a Latin inscription on both sides coming from North Africa. It was lying almost undetected and forgotten for nearly one hundred years until the Hungarian visiting professor György Németh rediscovered it in the storage room of the Musée Bargoin in Clermont-Ferrand, France. The recently finished complete reading of the text and its commentary will be published soon by Gy. Németh and the author of the present paper. This article aims to consider all the word forms and phrases of the tablet which differ from the Latin standard in order to look for an answer if the target, the context and the sources can be identified with the help of linguistic tools.
Phonetic changes in the Latin of Noricum
Authors: Gonda Attila
Published: July 2021

Previous studies analyzed the Vulgar Latin of the inscriptions of Pannonia Inferior, Dalmatia and Venetia et Histria, comparing the differences between the provincial capitals and the countryside of the provinces, in order to verify the hypothesis of Untermann (1980) and Herman (1983) about the existence of a larger regional dialect of Latin over the Alps–Danube–Adria region. The analyses made clear that these geographic unites don’t constitute a solid and uniform dialectal area, but there are undeniable common characteristics, such as the weakness of the /w/~/b/ merger or the lack of sonorization, which allow us to suppose that the Vulgar Latin variants of these provinces were somewhat more connected among each other than with the rest of the empire. This study involves another province of the Alps–Danube–Adria region, Noricum, in the examination, systematically discusses the changes in the vowel and consonant systems based on the relative distribution of diverse types of non-standard data from the inscriptions of Noricum, and contrasts the linguistic phenomena of an earlier period (1st–3rd c. AD) with a later stage (4th–6th c. AD) of Vulgar Latin, attempting to define whether Noricum fits common characteristics found in the other provinces of the Alps–Danube–Adria region.
confusion between  and  in Latin inscriptions from Sardinia
Authors: Tamponi Lucia
Published: July 2021

This paper focuses on the distribution of the alternation of  and  in a corpus of Latin inscriptions from Sardinia (1st century BC – 7th century AD). The distribution of the graphemes has been related to the dating and the provenance place of the inscriptions, and the total number of occurrences has been compared with the number of corresponding forms in Classical Latin. The amount of other consonantal misspellings in the texts has been examined as well, in order to verify whether the absence of misspellings could be due to a high degree of literacy of those involved in the crafting of the inscriptions. The results of the survey show a widespread graphemic confusion between  and  in the island, especially from the third century AD. In most of the cases, Classical Latin /w/ is represented as , both in initial and internal position. It will be shown that the examination of the variables considered here could shed light on the evolution of Latin /b/ and /w/ in Sardinia.
Callidus and Comedy: a New Argument for an Old Etymology
Authors: Jerue Benjamin Adam
Published: July 2021

In the corpora of republican authors and the glosses of late antique grammarians, the lexemes callidus and calliditas are used to describe a certain variety of intelligence, which is often translated into English as “cleverness” or “cunning.” This paper looks more closely at these lexemes in order to explain how the root call- (“hard”) came to be associated with mental capacity and acuity. In short, I argue that the type of intelligence that callidus originally denoted ought to be linked to the brutal treatment of slaves and the coping mechanisms that they had to develop in light of their condition as chattel. Not only is this violent form of education depicted in Plautus’ comedies, but its implications and logic can also be found in later authors such as Cicero.
Modified Bag of Visual Words Model for Image Classification
Authors:   Computer Science Department, College of Science, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq, N. Sultani Zainab , N. Dhannoon Ban ,   Computer Science Department, College of Science, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
Published: July 2021

Image classification is acknowledged as one of the most critical and challenging tasks in computer vision. The bag of visual words (BoVW) model has proven to be very efficient for image classification tasks since it can effectively represent distinctive image features in vector space. In this paper, BoVW using Scale-Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) and Oriented Fast and Rotated BRIEF(ORB) descriptors are adapted for image classification. We propose a novel image classification system using image local feature information obtained from both SIFT and ORB local feature descriptors. As a result, the constructed SO-BoVW model presents highly discriminative features, enhancing the classification performance. Experiments on Caltech-101 and flowers dataset prove the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Sustainability of Women’s Employment Rate for Malaysian Economic Development
Authors: Khin Aye Aye , Low Mei Peng , Sin Moe Shwe , Thambiah Seethaletchumy , Yu Soh Chong
Published: July 2021

This research paper develops a model for the sustainability of women’s employment rate in Malaysia’s economic development. This study examined annual data from 1982 to 2018, with 37 observations. A new econometric method was adopted to determine both short-run and long-run relationships among the variables using the Johansen Cointegration rank test, Vector Error Correction Method (VECM) with error correction model of cointegration equation. The VECM results revealed significant and positive short-term relationships between foreign direct investment, gross domestic product (GDP), and the negative short-term relationship of the lagged period of women’s employment rate to women employment rate (WER). The variables, GDP, education level, and women’s marital status are cointegrated and have a long-term relationship between WER in the cointegration equation. The Johansen Cointegration rank test also showed the existence of cointegration equations, and a long-term relationship between the variables. Eventually, the residual diagnosis, significant error term, and the performance of the model evaluation were found as satisfactory and valid. In short, this research paves the way for policymakers to construct a better policy for the future of women’s employment sustainability.
BAIT PREFERENCES BY DIFFERENT SMALL MAMMAL ASSEMBLAGES FOR EFFECTIVE CAGE-TRAPPING
Authors: Mohd-Taib Farah Shafawati , Ishak Siti Nabilah
Published: July 2021

The ecological study of small mammals often uses the cage-trapping method, installed with baits. Capture rates vary according to different baits used. We want to determine the bait preferences by different small mammal groups. The cage-trapping approach used common domestic bait types available, namely, aromatic banana, sweet potato with peanut butter, oil palm fruit, dried salted fish, jackfruit, and roasted coconut flesh. Sampling was conducted in three different habitat categories, namely urban, semi-urban, and recreational forests, located in Selangor, Malaysia, for one year. A total of 537 small mammals from 15 species were sampled, which was then grouped into seven groups (i.e., Rattus sp., Maxomys sp., Sundamys sp., Leopaldamys sabanus, Suncus murinus, squirrels, and Tupaia glis). Bait preferences were significantly different among the different small mammal groups, i.e., F (6,35) = 5.621, p = 0.000, with bananas shown to be most preferred bait, followed by oil palm fruits and sweet potatoes. Non-metric multidimensional scaling (nMDS) analysis revealed that the Rattus species encompassed the most diverse bait preference, while S. murinus and L. sabanus were the most selective. Muridae preferred sweet potatoes with peanut butter over bananas, while Sciuridae and Tupaiidae preferred bananas, and Soricidae preferred dried salted fish. This study elucidates the most effective bait selection for different small mammal assemblages, serving as a guide to increase capture rates when sampling targeted population of small mammals. Apart from that, it is helpful for effective rodent pest control.