bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Geophysical prospecting for iron ore deposit around Tajimi village, Lokoja, North–Central Nigeria
Authors: Bayowa Oyelowo , Ogungbesan Gbenga , Majolagbe Razak , Oyeleke Simeon
Published: December 2016

Ground magnetic and electrical resistivity survey were undertaken to investigate the occurrence and geometry of iron ore deposit around Tajimi village, Lokoja, North-Central Nigeria. The generated residual map of the ground-magnetic data acquired at 250 stations along 15 traverses revealed numerous prominent anomalies, mostly trending in the N-S direction. The radial power spectrum revealed the depth to magnetic sources between 6 m to 20 m. The interpreted VES data characterized the area into three subsurface layers: top soil, presumably iron ore layer and weathered/fresh basement. The result of vertical electrical sounding curves showed a sudden drop in resistivity (42-241 Ωm) over high magnetic response. The geo-electric section revealed that the study area is generally characterized with thin overburden (0.5-1.7 m) and the thickness of the second layer (presumed to be the iron ore layer) ranged between 6.2-25.1 m. The study concluded that areas of high magnetic intensity showed a sudden drop in resistivity value for the VES points, which give an indication of the presence of an electrically conductive structure presumed to be iron ore deposits.
Big Data Concept in the Food Supply Chain: Small Markets Case
Authors: Navickas Valentinas , Gružauskas Valentas
Published: December 2016

The strategies of competitive advantage are changing dramatically because of high technology development. The data size in the world is multiplying rapidly - the amount of information in the world doubles every 12 months. Therefore, the authors analyzed Big data in the food supply chain. The methodology used in the paper consists of a review of global competitiveness reports and secondary data analysis together with document-based literature synthesis; a competitiveness maximization methodology was modelled referring to a case of small markets. The supply of food industry is complicated, because of various regulations and a demand for high quality products just on time. Various companies are transporting partial freight; therefore, the visibility, lead-time and cost minimization is essential for them. However, they are unable to use all the gathered information and are not utilizing the potential that is possible. The problem of data analysis is a bigger concern to the smaller markets. Many of the small markets are less developed countries that still are not using Big data in their enterprises. In addition, new technologies are developing in the Big data industry. Therefore, the gap of technology will increase even more between large and small markets. The analysed innovation level and technology usage indicated a need for the food industry to change competitiveness strategies. Therefore, the authors developed a competitiveness strategy that is orientated to the food industry of small markets.
A Model of Website Quality-Based E-Commerce Satisfaction Index
Authors: Pilelienė Lina , Grigaliūnaitė Viktorija
Published: December 2016

In the contemporary highly competitive e-business market, organization’s success depends on satisfaction and loyalty of its customers. Whereas the differentiation of the determinants and their impact on customer satisfaction in different countries exists, the research aims at developing a model of website quality-based e-commerce customer satisfaction index. While achieving the aim of the article, the analysis and synthesis of scientific literature is provided. Furthermore, quantitative research and the analysis of the research results by means of principle component analysis, structural equation modelling using partial least squares path modelling methodology, and Importance-Performance matrix are applied. As a research result, the model of website quality-based e-commerce customer satisfaction index is elaborated. Latter model indicates the factors, which are worth investments in order to gain customer satisfaction and loyalty. As a result, not profitable investments might be avoided, which could contribute to the growing competitiveness of e-business.
Influence of Rules for Computing Corporate Income Tax on the Accuracy of Financial Statements of Lithuanian Companies
Authors: Cernius Gintaras , Birskyte Liucija , Balkevicius Arturas
Published: December 2016

Companies in Lithuania have to follow Business Accounting Standards (BAS) when preparing their financial statements. Recording financial transactions according to BAS ensures that the information a company shares with potential lenders and investors gives a true and fair view of its business situation. However, the tax law prescribes its own set of accounting rules, which can result in a difference between what a business shows in financial statements and what it reports on its tax returns. This paper examines whether Lithuanian companies predominantly use tax accounting principles that migrate into their financial statements to create an inaccurate picture of business performance. The method of experts’ evaluation was chosen for that purpose. The results indicate that Lithuanian companies tend to heavily rely on accounting principles prescribed in corporate income tax law thus distorting information contained in financial statements. The paper contributes to the scarce literature on this issue of high relevance to both academics and practitioners.
The Use of Enterprise Social Networks in Organizations from the Perspective of Generation Y in the Czech Republic
Authors: Becan Martin , Smutny Zdenek
Published: December 2016

The article presents the views of the Czech Generation Y on the use of enterprise social networks and their expectations and ideas about the use of communication methods or tools in the context of communication and collaboration in an organization. Emphasis is placed on the possibility of using enterprise social networks in the organizational context. The questionnaire survey that was conducted (838 respondents) completes the view of Czech managers on communication in organizations examined in the European Communication Monitor 2014. This research highlights the different ideas of representatives of Generation Y on personal and professional communication. The distinction lies between the communication methods they commonly use in private life or in the course of their studies and their perception of what methods are or will be used in organizational context for internal communication. Finally, the article discusses institutional resistance in implementing enterprise social networking in an organization. It follows from a broader discussion that an important determinant of success in implementing enterprise social networks is not only the willingness of ordinary employees to use them, but also that of managers. On the one hand, they want enterprise social networks to be used by their employees, but on the other hand, they do not want to use them themselves.
Fiscal Impacts on Output in a Small Open Economy: The Case of Albania
Authors: Patonov Nikolay
Published: December 2016

The paper is intended to study the effects of total government spending and tax revenue on the annual GDP growth rate in Albania. On this base, we can examine whether and to which extent the macroeconomic governance could rely on those fiscal instruments in terms of a small open economy. The empirical methodology is based on regression analysis which includes OLS estimation on simply specified regression model and Vector Autoregressive estimates. The results support the assumptions that government expenditure is a weak instrument for policy impacts and the government must rely on taxation to stimulate economic growth.
Ownership and Control in Large Eastern European Companies
Authors: Cărăuşu Nicuşor Dumitru
Published: December 2016

The aim of this paper is to determine if the ownership structure of large Central Eastern-European companies, can influence the performance of the companies via better monitoring and control of managers done by individual blockholders. We use a sample of 497 large private and public CEE companies and analyze influence of large individual type of blockholders on performance over the period 2004-2013. We use ROA as a proxy for performance, firm, country characteristics and ownership indicators in a fixed-effect panel model. Our estimates indicate that only state and foreign ownership can influence performance while individual and widely held ownership do not influence performance in large CEE companies. On average, state controlled companies tend to underperform while foreign ownership seems to be beneficial for performance. This suggests that ownership can be used as a substitute for missing good governance institutions, in such a specific environment as CEE countries.
The Impact of the 2008 Global Financial Crisis on the Structure of the Transmission of Price Innovations Across Financial Markets: The Case of Southwest Asian Equity Markets
Authors: Liao Qunfeng , Mehdian Seyed , Stephens John
Published: December 2016

This study examines the reaction of Southeast Asian equity markets to the transmission of price innovations from major equity markets during the pre and post periods of the 2008 global financial crisis. In particular, we examine the reaction of returns indices in Malaysia, the Philippines, South Korea, Taiwan, and Thailand as endogenous variables, and compare them to the returns indices of the U.S., the Eurozone, Japan, and China as exogenous variables. The results of VAR models indicate the combined and individual impact of the price innovations from the major equity markets on the volatility of returns of selected countries is relatively trivial during either the pre- or post-financial crisis periods. However, the individual impact of the U.S. innovations is generally higher during the post-financial crisis. The ARCH and GARCH models indicate the stock markets of Southeast Asian countries are more responsive to their own price innovations during both the pre- and the post-crisis periods, although some response to U.S. and Eurozone shocks is also observed.
Information Channels Effectiveness Assessment on the Basis of Data from Statistical Survey
Authors: Terek Milan
Published: December 2016

The paper deals with the possibilities of using the data from statistical survey for information channels effectiveness assessment in the case when the same information is provided by more different information channels to different groups of people in the framework of one time period. The association between two categorical variables is analyzed. Values of the first variable represent information channels and values of second one represent different groups of people obtaining information through these information channels. The procedure of information channels effectiveness assessment for different groups of people is suggested. The proposed procedure is applied in information flows about academic ethics improvement at one Slovak university.
Financial Development and Unemployment in Emerging Market Economies
Authors: Bayar Yilmaz
Published: December 2016

Financial sector has experienced significant expansion together with accelerating financial globalization in recent years and had important positive and negative economic implications for all the economies. This study investigates the interaction among unemployment, financial development and domestic investment in 16 emerging market economies during 2001-2014 period using panel data analysis. We found that there was long relationship among the variables and domestic investment had negative impact on the unemployment, while financial development had no significant impact on the unemployment. Furthermore, there was unidirectional causality from development of financial sector to unemployment.
Factors Influencing the Implementation of Unconventional Marketing in Cultural Institutions – Evidence from Croatia
Authors: Buljubašić Iva , Ham Marija , Pap Ana
Published: December 2016

Unconventional marketing has the potential to contribute not only to the well-being of cultural institutions but also to the society by raising its general cultural level and fostering economic growth based on creative industries. This paper contributes to the theoretical explanation and understanding of the unconventional marketing approach by providing an overview of literature, a developed model of successful marketing in cultural institutions and an analysis of the objectives of such marketing. Based on empirical research on cultural institutions in the Republic of Croatia, the research objective was to contribute to identifying and understanding the factors that influence unconventional marketing as well as the potential for applying unconventional marketing in cultural institutions. Research was limited to three types of cultural institutions (theatres, museums and galleries) and it was conducted on a sample of 244 institutions by using a highly structured online questionnaire.
Strategic Management, a Frill or a Need – An Empirical Study of Albanian and Macedonian Businesses
Authors: Gjorgjieska Marika Basheska , Kume Vasilika , Shahini Besa
Published: December 2016

Management experts have argued repeatedly that firms or companies should respond to environmental changes, by engaging in more systematic planning to anticipate and respond to changing and unforeseen events. The main aim of this paper is to investigate the situation of implementation of strategic management thought in two Balkan Countries in order to give valuable recommendations for improvement of these processes. Through an empirical study of both countries are given answers to the following questions: How do private businesses formulate, implement and evaluate strategies in Albania and Macedonia context? How and to what extent do contextual factors influence the action and performance of businesses? The empirical research upon which this paper is based has highlighted a number of valuable results in terms of new descriptive evidence of the levels of tool support and the top tools which are used by strategic management practitioners in Albania and Macedonia for a series of core strategic tasks.
Using Partial Differential Equations for Pricing of Goods and Services
Authors: Traykov Metodi , Trencheva Miglena , Mavrevski Radoslav , Stoilov Anton , Trenchev Ivan
Published: December 2016

This article is based on the methodology of comparative analysis, using an innovative approach for pricing of various goods and services. Benchmarking is the continuous search to find and adapt better pricing methods that leading to increased profits. We will consider the numerical solution of partial differential equations, based on Black-Scholes model for pricing of goods and services within European option. Also, we will present formulation and numerical behavior of explicit and implicit methods that can be use in pricing for company assets within European option.
Analyzing Fiscal Balance Evolution for Developed and Emerging Countries
Authors: Dinca Gheorghita , Dinca Marius Sorin , Popione Catalina
Published: December 2016

The purpose of our paper is to analyze the main factors which influence fiscal balance’s evolution and thereby identify solutions for configuring a sustainable fiscal policy. We have selected as independent variables some of the main macroeconomic measures, respectively public debt, unemployment rate, economy openness degree, population, consumer goods’ price index, current account balance, direct foreign investments and economic growth rate. Our research method uses two econometric models applied on a sample of 22 countries, respectively 14 developed and 8 emergent. The first model is a multiple regression and studies the connection between the fiscal balance and selected independent variables, whereas the second one uses first order differences and introduces economic freedom as a dummy variable to catch the dynamic influences of selected measures upon fiscal result. The time interval considered was 1999-2013. The results generated using the two models revealed that public debt, current account balance and economic growth significantly influence the fiscal balance. As a consequence, the governments need to plan and implement a fiscal policy which resonates with economy priorities and the phase of the economic cycle, as well as ensure a proper management of the public debt, stimulate sustainable economic growth and employment.
Measuring Information Asymmetry in Large Active Firms on the Tehran Stock Exchange
Authors: Shamsoddini Mostafa , Shahiki Tash Mohammad N. , Khodadad-Kashi Farhad
Published: December 2016

In financial markets, transparency of financial information is one of the most effective variables of investment strategies. Information asymmetry can seriously affect firm performance on the stock exchange and firms with a poor informational environment can lose the interest of investors. Reducing information asymmetry can have an important effect on firm performance on the stock exchange. Firms may lack a clear informational environment in the market because of the emerging conditions governing the Tehran Stock Exchange. Because larger and more active firms on the Tehran Stock Exchange provide more information, measuring the informational environment of these firms provides an overview of information asymmetry. The present study calculated the information asymmetry in these firms using the PIN and FE indices. The inconsistent results provided by these indices prompted the authors to offer a new index that is a composite of the PIN and FE that can better explain information asymmetry in developing market such as Asian stock markets. The results show that the new composite index, by using the mechanisms of the PIN and FE indices, provides a better outcome. The new composite index shows that the Tosee Melli Inv (TMEL1), Mobarakeh Steel (FOLD1), Iran Mobil Tele (HMRZ1), Saipa (SIPA1) and I.N.C. Ind. (MSMI1) firms have a better informational environment on the Tehran Stock Exchange.
Doing Business with the State and Firms’ Growth. Grasping Invisible Relational Capital
Authors: Serdarević Nino , Muratović-Dedić Ajla , Karić Inela
Published: December 2016

This study investigates relationships between reported assets growth, human capital effectiveness, ability to do business with state and firms' growth. Longitudinal data were extracted from annual financial reports. Sample includes 80 companies in construction industry of Bosnia and Herzegovina from 2008-2013. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) approach is used for investigation of previously mentioned associations. We found that working with the state in Bosnian construction sector is dominant factor for outstanding increase in net reported income, while the human capital efficiency is negatively associated to its change. These findings support the theory of markets with asymmetric information, suggesting that the relational and social capital of the firm in the imperfect markets, where the state is dominant customer, drives the growth and that precedes firm’s investments into development of intellectual capital.
Solvency and Liquidity Level Trade-off: Does it Exist in Croatian Banking Sector?
Authors: Kundid Novokmet Ana , Marinović Antonia
Published: December 2016

We focus on 32 Croatian banks in the period 2002-2010 in order to investigate the solvency-liquidity nexus. Dynamic panel data analysis is applied on two basic models in which current liquidity ratio and equity to assets ratio are set as dependent variables, interchangeably, and other explanatory variables employed to capture the effect of bank size, profitability and asset quality as well as macroeconomic environment. We found two-way positive relationship between bank solvency and liquidity. However, bank size plays an important role in the capital and liquidity management, and trade-off between the solvency and liquidity level is found for the larger banks. Therefore, policymakers should take into consideration capital and liquidity interdependence, as well as the bank size effect when designing capital and liquidity requirements in order to downsize the regulatory burden for smaller banks, and increase them for larger banks. Namely, larger banks tend to minimize regulatory costs by avoiding simultaneous increase of liquidity and solvency. Small banks do exactly the opposite and stock both, capital and liquidity, what potentially makes their funds allocation sub-optimal, from their own as well as social point of view. Altogether, the paper contributes to scarce empirical evidence regarding bank solvency and liquidity interdependence, particularly when the post-transitional banking sectors are taken into consideration. It adds to knowledge on bank financial management in praxis, and bank managers and prudential authorities might find it relevant for their policies design and implementation.
Simple Planar Truss (Linear, Nonlinear and Stochastic Approach)
Authors: Frydrýšek Karel , Jančo Roland
Published: December 2016

This article deals with a simple planar and statically determinate pin-connected truss. It demonstrates the processes and methods of derivations and solutions according to 1st and 2nd order theories. The article applies linear and nonlinear approaches and their simplifications via a Maclaurin series. Programming connected with the stochastic Simulation-Based Reliability Method (i.e. the direct Monte Carlo approach) is used to conduct a probabilistic reliability assessment (i.e. a calculation of the probability that plastic deformation will occur in members of the truss).
Numerical Calculation of Overhead Power Lines Dynamics
Authors: Gogola Roman , Murín Justín , Hrabovský Juraj
Published: December 2016

This paper contains results of transient analysis of airflow around the ACSR power line cross-section in unsymmetric multi-span. The forces applied to the power line are obtained from CFD simulations, where the wind induced vibration is studied. Effect of these forces to the maximal displacement of the power line and the maximal mechanical forces in the points of attachment are studied and evaluated.
Force Analysis of Bench Press on Stable and Unstable Base
Authors: Hučko Branislav , Čekan Michal , Horvát František
Published: December 2016

The contribution reviews current technologies for the measurement of performance in athletes during stationary exercise and validates the technology utilizing accelerometry. The behaviours of force during the bench press exercise on a stable and unstable base are reviewed and the results are presented. It was found that, training on an unstable base can be exploited by athletes to maximize their performance.
Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis of an Evaporative Cooling System
Authors: Kapilan N. , Manjunath Gowda M. , Manjunath H. N.
Published: December 2016

The use of chlorofluorocarbon based refrigerants in the air-conditioning system increases the global warming and causes the climate change. The climate change is expected to present a number of challenges for the built environment and an evaporative cooling system is one of the simplest and environmentally friendly cooling system. The evaporative cooling system is most widely used in summer and in rural and urban areas of India for human comfort. In evaporative cooling system, the addition of water into air reduces the temperature of the air as the energy needed to evaporate the water is taken from the air. Computational fluid dynamics is a numerical analysis and was used to analyse the evaporative cooling system. The CFD results are matches with the experimental results.
Oxidative Stress in Training, Overtraining and Detraining: from Experimental to Applied Research
Authors: Ruzicic Radica Dragojlovic , Jakovljevic Vladimir , Djordjevic Dusica
Published: December 2016

According to the hormesis theory, the responses of biological systems to stressors in exercise training may be explained by a U-shaped curve with inactivity and overtraining as the two endpoints. Both of these endpoints decrease physiological functions. Markers of oxidative stress may be important parameters for biological monitoring of athletes. Numerous studies have shown that acute exercise has the potential to induce oxidative stress, but regular exposure to an increased level of prooxidants leads to upregulation of the endogenous antioxidative defence system (ADS) of an athlete. Studies that explored the redox state in athletes during the competitive season showed that the antioxidative status changes depending on the training load and training phase. During the training season, a state of fatigue known as overtraining may occur, which results from an excessive training load. Oxidative stress has been suggested as one of the causes of overtraining syndrome. Based on the existing studies, it can be said that a connection exists, but whether oxidative stress is a cause or a consequence of overtraining is yet to be clarified. Furthermore, detraining (training reduction or cessation) leads to a partial or complete loss of training-induced anatomical, physiological and performance adaptations; therefore, it seems reasonable to assume that changes in ADS are also reversible.
Linguistic Modality and Female Identity in Chaucer’s Clerk’s Tale
Authors: Stadnik Katarzyna
Published: December 2016

While exploring the situated nature of conceptual knowledge, the paper investigates the linguistic construction of identity relative to the language user’s sociocultural situatedness, which is regarded as a derivative of the continuity of language and culture. In this functionally-oriented study, we examine how the situatedness of the language user affects their expression of the selves, which in the article we construe in terms of social roles performed by men and women in a specific cultural community. Importantly, we claim that, although the data are historical in nature, they nevertheless help us address the problem of the elusive nature of human identity, a theme recurring in the linguistic study of subjectivity. We seek to explore the general question of experiential motivation behind the frequency patterns of linguistic usage. We illustrate the issue by referring to the historical data taken from Geoffrey Chaucer’s Clerk’s Tale. The poet’s use of selected modal verbs is contextualized in relation to the late medieval community of his present. We account for the poet’s usage of shul, mot- (in the sense ‘must’), o(u)ght(e), as well as mouen ‘may’, and willen, indicating the need for a more nuanced approach to the way in which the key modal notions of NECESSITY/OBLIGATION are applied in the study of linguistic modality. We thus advocate the adoption of a situated view of the abstract concepts. Furthermore, we argue that the usage patterns concerning the frequency with which the selected modal verbs are used in specific contexts of Chaucer’s narrative might be indicative of the ways in which the identity of a community member was negotiated in the late medieval society of the poet’s present. In conclusion, we indicate the challenges to present-day pragmatic research into the linguistic construction of identity. Specifically, the emphasis is laid on how findings from recent research into situated and social cognition can inform a pragmatic investigation of linguistic subjectivity.
“Be War in Tyme, Approchis Neir the End”: The Sense of an Ending in the Testament of Cresseid
Authors: Ruszkiewicz Dominika
Published: December 2016

The story of Troilus and Criseyde - whether in Chaucer’s or Henryson’s renditions - is not a story about a new beginning, but a story about an end: the end of love, of hope, and finally - the end of life: Troilus’s life in Chaucer’s poem and Cresseid’s life in Henryson’s. The Scottish version of the story, however, not only evokes the end of an individual life, but also the end of the world. The purpose of this paper is to situate Henryson’s poem in the context of apocalyptic fiction - fiction which is concerned with loss, decay and the finality of things. My contention that the poem belongs to the apocalyptic genre is based on a number of its features, such as the elegiac mood and imagery, the contrast between the past and the present, as well as the pattern of sin-redemption-preparation for death, which applies to Cresseid’s life, but also invites reflection on our own.
Molecular laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy for elemental analysis
Authors: Rother Anne-Sophie , Dietz Thomas , Kohns Peter , Ankerhold Georg
Published: December 2016

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) with pulsed laser excitation is a well-established method for analyzing the
atomic components of an unknown sample based on their characteristic emission spectra. However, standard LIBS analysis
provides insufficient results if the atoms to be measured exhibit weak elemental emission lines or if characteristic
elemental spectra are disturbed by overlapping stronger lines of other elements in the sample. The analysis of the
molecular emission bands arising in the plasma cooling phase seems to be a promising solution. The analysis is carried out
by the observation of newly formed radicals and diatomic molecules whose strong molecular emission bands can often be
found in the visible spectral region and offer a higher detection sensitivity. This generally requires a time resolved
measurement of the LIBS spectra, but we show that in some cases this is not necessarily needed. As an application we
present the measurement of chloride contamination in concrete that could help to estimate the repair demand of
infrastructure buildings in future.
Revealing the anthropocentric nature of language and the theory of the living word in the interpretation of the concepts vidieť ‘see’, vedieť ‘know’ and veriť ‘believe’ in the Slovak language
Authors: Kováčová Zuzana , Ciprianová Elena
Published: December 2016

Our cognition, that is our knowledge of the world, is based on concepts. A word itself can be regarded as a multilayered concept with an anthropocentric proto-basis. Following the tradition and the methodological framework of the New Moscow School of Conceptual Analysis, we trace the implicit affinity between the concepts of seeing, knowing and believing in Slovak. In this paper, the lexical relations of inclusion between the concepts are revealed directly through the etymological study of the lexemes vidieť ‘see’, vedieť ‘know’ and veriť ‘believe’. Additionally, the identification of figurative meanings of the selected Slovak phrasemes provides indirect evidence for the assumed internal connections and for the existence of associative lingua-creative mechanisms manifested in the birth of new metaphorical meanings.
Illegal Fishing Activity ‒ A New Threat in Mannar Island Coastal Area (Sri Lanka)
Authors: Sosai Augustin Siluvaithasan
Published: December 2016

Illegal fishing net use is one of the most serious threats to the health of the world’s fisheries and for the secure employment of fishers. Illegal modes of fishing adversely affect the fishing industry according to the Fisheries and Aquatic Resource Ministry of Sri Lanka which is the regulatory body of the fisheries industry. In Sri Lanka, usage of illegal fishing methods has increased in recent years. There is an urgent need to identify prohibited or illegal fishing activities and the use of dangerous or harmful substances in fishing. The present study was carried out in the Mannar coastal area from June 2013 until the latter part of June 2014, to identify illegal, prohibited and dangerous fishing activities, and to understand the major threats and impacts on the fishing community and the socio, economic, biological and ecological impacts through field surveys and library methods. The study aims to outline appropriate planning and solutions to minimize illegal fishing and to save the coastal biodiversity and fishing community.
Effect of Industrial Wastewater on Fish in Karoon River
Authors: Khoshnood Zahra , Khoshnood Reza
Published: December 2016

In 2009, 36 fish were sampled from two stations in the Karoon River near an industrial site. Two species of fish, Barbus grypus and Hypophthalmichthys molitrix were analyzed for total mercury (Hg) concentration in liver and muscle tissues. The average concentrations of total Hg in liver of B. grypus were 18.92 and 10.19 μg.g-1 in stations 1 and 2 respectively. The corresponding values for total Hg in edible muscle of Barbus grypus were 8.47 and 0.08 μg.g-1. The average concentrations of Hg in the liver of H. molitrix were 25.49 and 12.52 μg.g-1 in stations 1 and 2 respectively. The values for H. molitrix were 11.88 and 3.2 μg.g-1 in station 1 and station 2 respectively. The results showed that the bioavailability of Hg has increased considerably after industrialization and that these values were higher than the standard values as a result of anthropogenic activities in the region.
Management Elements Proposal for Sutla Natura 2000 Site
Authors: Bănăduc Doru , Curtean-Bănăduc Angela
Published: December 2016

Following the accession of Croatia to the EU, a study was carried out on a Croatian Natura 2000 site which includes habitats used by the following fish species of conservation interest: Eudontomyzon vladykovi, Rhodeus sericeus amarus, Gobio uranoscopus, Romanogobio kesslerii, Barbus meridionalis, Zingel streber and Cottus gobio. Harmful effects on fish fauna were found due to: poorly-integrated water management, over-extraction of water for irrigation, fragmentation of riparian vegetation, low cooperation between environment institutions in Croatia and Slovenia, abuse of pesticides, uncontrolled waste water, sources of chemicals and heavy metals, leakage of nitrogen, habitats fragmentation due to dams and canals, non-native fish species, invasive species and gravel extraction. Specific management actions are proposed that take account of the different fish species of conservation interest and their specific biological and ecological requirements.
Rechtsanwälte im Aufsichtsrat – im Dickicht von Berufsrecht, Aktienrecht und Corporate Governance Kodex
Authors: Ziemons Hildegard
Published: December 2016

Rechtsanwälte, die Mitglied eines Aufsichtsrats werden möchten oder sind, sehen sich einer Gemengelage aus aktienrechtlichen Anforderungen und berufsrechtlichen Pflichten ausgesetzt. So kollidieren etwa die in BRAO und BORA niedergelegte Pflicht zur anwaltlichen Verschwiegenheit einerseits und die Transparenzgebote des AktG und des Deutschen Corporate Governance Kodex andererseits. Sozietätsweit geltende berufsrechtliche Vor- und Nachbefassungsverbote sowie das Verbot der Vertretung widerstreitender Interessen schränken die anwaltliche Tätigkeit des Aufsichtsratsmitglieds und seiner Sozien ein und können andererseits ein ggf. zur Inhabilität führendes Befassungsverbot als Aufsichtsratsmitglied begründen.
Der Aufschub der Ad-hoc-Publizität nach Art. 17 Abs. 4 MAR zum Schutz der Unternehmensreputation
Authors: Klöhn Lars , Schmolke Klaus Ulrich
Published: December 2016

Der Vorstand einer börsennotierten AG stößt auf Vorkommnisse in seinem Unternehmen, die dessen Reputation gefährden, sobald sie bekannt werden. Die Information ist – auch deshalb – kursrelevant. Muss der Vorstand unverzüglich „ad hoc gehen“? Oder kann er wegen des drohenden Reputationsverlusts die Veröffentlichung aufschieben? Der vorliegende Beitrag widmet sich dieser Frage. Die Antwort hängt vor allem davon ab, ob ein solcher Aufschub im Emittenteninteresse i. S. d. Art. 17 Abs. 4 MAR läge. Dieses Interesse ist bei rufschädigenden Informationen im Wege einer komplexen Abwägungsentscheidung zu ermitteln, bei der die Vor- und Nachteile des Aufschubs der Ad-hoc-Meldung für die Aktionäre des Emittenten abgeschätzt werden müssen. Der Aufsatz macht es sich zur Aufgabe, normative Leitlinien für die gerichtliche Überprüfung dieser Entscheidung zu formulieren. Wie zu zeigen sein wird, hängt deren Inhalt davon ab, ob der konkrete Verdacht besteht, dass die Vorstandsmitglieder, die über den Aufschub der Ad-hoc-Publizität entscheiden, gesellschaftsrechtliche Verantwortung für den rufschädigenden Vorfall tragen.
Rosario Castellanos y Graciela Hierro: La reconfiguración de arquetipos femeninos
Authors: Naranjo Zavala Krishna
Published: December 2016

Rosario Castellanos (1925-1974) y Graciela Hierro (1928-2003) sobresalieron en el feminismo en México. Ambas reflexionan que a lo largo de la historia, las mujeres han sido representadas de manera peyorativa, carentes de voz propia y envueltas en ideas románticas. Referencias que han forjado concepciones en torno a la condición femenina, pero a través de la literatura y la filosofía, pueden ser replanteadas. El artículo se propone establecer un diálogo entre sus respectivos trabajos, Castellanos en la poesía y Hierro en la filosofía, tomando como base: Mujer que sabe latín (1973), el poema “La muerte de Dido” (1953-1955) y planteamientos de Ética y Feminismo (1985), De la domesticación a la educación de las mexicanas (1993), Ética de la libertad (1993) a fin de identificar la reconfiguración de arquetipos femeninos.
La narrativa del Norte y su representación del “huacho” fronterizo
Authors: Trejo Valencia Gabriela
Published: December 2016

El presente texto revisa el concepto del huacho o huérfano enunciado por la antropóloga sudamericana Sonia Montecino en el ensayo Madres y Huachos alegorías del mestizaje chileno. Propongo ampliar el sentido argumentando que la orfandad explícita del huacho alcanza otras latitudes yentornos: migración, frontera México-Estados Unidos, literatura del norte.Centrándome en la representación de este “huacho a la mexicana”, reflexiono sobre su presencia en la obra de Eduardo Antonio Parra y a través de ella desarrollo la idea de un huacho fronterizo, un vástago de padre ausente que análogamente al huacho andino, carece de identidad y desde esta perspectiva, de patria.
Algunas consecuencias cognitivas de la intervención editorial en la poesía mexicana
Authors: Higashi Alejandro
Published: December 2016

En este trabajo, me propongo mostrar los componentes principales de distintos tipos de intervención editorial en algunos libros de poesía recientes y sus consecuencias, desde la perspectiva de la psicología cognitiva, en el plano de la percepción y atención. A través de varios ejemplos, exploro las distintas formas en que estímulos atencionales distractores agregados durante el proceso editorial favorecen o inhiben los contenidos transmitidos por los textos líricos mismos.
La narrativa fílmica de José Emilio Pacheco: el guion cinematográfico El castillo de la pureza
Authors: Rocco Alessandro
Published: December 2016

El artículo propone una lectura crítica del guion cinematográfico El castillo de la pureza, del escritor José Emilio Pacheco, con el objetivo de insertar el texto en el marco de la obra narrativa del autor. Se analizan las analogías que presenta el guion con la descripción de la psicopatología del nazi en la novela Morirás lejos, y con el tema del despertar erótico del adolescente en El principio del placer y Las batallas en el desierto.
Medial Preoptic Regulation of the Ventral Tegmental Area Related to the Control of Sociosexual Behaviors
Authors: Iyilikci Onur , Balthazart Jacques , Ball Gregory F.
Published: December 2016

During sociosexual encounters, different brain mechanisms interact to orchestrate information about the salience of external stimuli along with the current physiological and environmental conditions in order to process these in an optimal manner. One candidate neural system involves the potential interplay between the medial preoptic nucleus (POM) and mesolimbic reward circuitry. We present here evidence indicating that projections originating from the POM play a modulatory role on the mesolimbic reward circuitry related to male sexual behavior in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica). First, we used an asymmetrical inactivation strategy where POM and ventral tegmental area (VTA) were unilaterally inactivated via the GABAAagonist muscimol, either in an ipsilateral or contralateral fashion. Ipsilateral injections of muscimol had negligible effects on both appetitive and consummatory sexual behaviors. In contrast, contralateral injections significantly impaired appetitive sexual behaviors but had no clear effect on consummatory sexual behaviors. Next, we labeled cells projecting from the POM to the VTA by stereotaxic injection into VTA of the retrograde tracer biotinylated dextran amine (BDA). Two weeks later, brains from males who had been allowed to interact freely with a female (15 min) or kept as controls were collected and fixed for double immunohistochemical labeling of BDA and the immediate early gene Fos. More retrogradely labeled BDA cells in POM expressed Fos after sociosexual interactions than in control conditions. Overall, these findings provide novel evidence for the interplay between POM and VTA in the modulation of appetitive but not consummatory sexual behaviors. Schematic representation of the putative role of the projection from the medial POM to the VTA in the regulation of appetitive and consummatory sexual behaviors. Unilateral inactivation of POM and VTA on (1) ipsilateral sides has negligible effects on both aspects of sexual behaviors, whereas (2) contralateral inactivation disrupts appetitive sexual behaviors.
Bodies of Thought, Bodies of Water
Authors: Jones Stacy Holman
Published: December 2016

This essay is an experiment in what happens when you read Kathleen's Stewart's ideas about affect and agency together with Sara Ahmed's consideration of queer orientations and the willful subject as they are played out in stories of adoption, motherhood, choices, and desire.
Ordinary Atmospheres and Minor Weather Events
Authors: Gannon Susanne
Published: December 2016

This essay is inspired by Kathleen Stewart's call to pay attention to the affective, material, and relational qualities of everyday life, and by the posthuman imperative that we recognize how we are imbricated with all creatures, objects, and forces in our worlds. It assembles little scenes of weather in everyday life, aiming for an atmospheric attunement to the elemental and domestic, and exploring these through some of the work of critical geographers on affect and atmosphere. As I meander through moments and events of weather in the everyday, I keep close to home, literally, in these scenes of ordinary life.
Worlding Writing
Authors: Stewart Kathleen
Published: December 2016

This is a performative condensation of the pieces in this special issue, underscoring certain lines of significance and some of the outlines of emergent theoretical and descriptive trajectories in them. It is written in the mode of a backup singer.
Glucagon-producing cells are increased in Mas-deficient mice
Authors: Felix Braga Janaína , Ravizzoni Dartora Daniela , Alenina Natalia , Bader Michael , Santos Robson Augusto Souza
Published: December 2016

It has been shown that angiotensin(1–7) (Ang(1–7)) produces several effects related to glucose homeostasis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of genetic deletion of Ang(1–7), the GPCR Mas, on the glucagon-producing cells. C57BL6/N Mas−/− mice presented a significant and marked increase in pancreatic α-cells (number of cells: 146 ± 21 vs 67 ± 8 in WT; P < 0.001) and the percentage per islet (17.9 ± 0.91 vs 12.3 ± 0.9% in WT; P < 0.0001) with subsequent reduction of β-cells percentage (82.1 ± 0.91 vs 87.7 ± 0.9% in WT; P < 0.0001). Accordingly, glucagon plasma levels were increased (516.7 ± 36.35 vs 390.8 ± 56.45 pg/mL in WT; P < 0.05) and insulin plasma levels were decreased in C57BL6/N Mas−/− mice (0.25 ± 0.01 vs 0.31 ± 56.45 pg/mL in WT; P = 0.02). In order to eliminate the possibility of a background-related phenotype, we determined the number of glucagon-producing cells in FVB/N Mas−/− mice. In keeping with the observations in C57BL6/N Mas−/− mice, the number and percentage of pancreatic α-cells were also significantly increased in these mice (number of α-cells: 260 ± 22 vs 156 ± 12 in WT, P < 0.001; percentage per islet: 16 ± 0.8 vs 10 ± 0.5% in WT, P < 0.0001). These results suggest that Mas has a previously unexpected role on the pancreatic glucagon production.
Regulation of bone growth via ligand-specific activation of estrogen receptor alpha
Authors: Iravani Maryam , Lagerquist Marie , Ohlsson Claes , Sävendahl Lars
Published: December 2016

Estrogens are well known for their capacity to promote bone maturation and at high doses to induce growth plate closure and thereby stop further growth. High-dose estrogen treatment has therefore been used to limit growth in extremely tall girls. However, recent data suggest that this treatment may have severe side effects, including increased risk of cancer and reduced fertility. We hypothesized that estrogenic effects in bone are mediated via ERα signaling. Twelve-week-old ovariectomized female C57BL/6 mice were subcutaneously injected for 4 weeks with E2 or selective ERα (PPT) or ERβ (DPN) agonists. After killing, tibia and femur lengths were measured, and growth plate morphology was analyzed. E2- and PPT-treated mice had shorter tibiae and femur bones when compared to vehicle-treated controls, whereas animals treated with DPN had similar bone lengths compared to controls. Growth plate height and hypertrophic zone height were reduced in animals treated with E2 or PPT but not in those treated with DPN, supporting that the effect was mediated via ERα. Moreover, PCNA staining revealed suppressed proliferation of chondrocytes in the tibia growth plate in PPT- or E2-treated mice compared to controls. Our data show that estrogenic effects on bone growth and growth plate maturation are mainly mediated via ERα. Our findings may have direct implications for the development of new and more selective treatment modalities of extreme tall stature using selective estrogen receptor modulators that may have low side effects than high-dose E2 treatment.
Acute effect of exercise intensity and duration on acylated ghrelin and hunger in men
Authors: Broom David R , Miyashita Masashi , Wasse Lucy K , Pulsford Richard , King James A , Thackray Alice E , Stensel David J
Published: December 2016

Acute exercise transiently suppresses the orexigenic gut hormone acylated ghrelin, but the extent to which exercise intensity and duration determine this response is not fully understood. The effects of manipulating exercise intensity and duration on acylated ghrelin concentrations and hunger were examined in two experiments. In experiment one, nine healthy males completed three, 4-h conditions (control, moderate-intensity running (MOD) and vigorous-intensity running (VIG)), with an energy expenditure of ~2.5 MJ induced in both MOD (55-min running at 52% peak oxygen uptake (V.O2peak)) and VIG (36-min running at 75% V.O2peak). In experiment two, nine healthy males completed three, 9-h conditions (control, 45-min running (EX45) and 90-min running (EX90)). Exercise was performed at 70% V.O2peak. In both experiments, participants consumed standardised meals, and acylated ghrelin concentrations and hunger were quantified at predetermined intervals. In experiment one, delta acylated ghrelin concentrations were lower than control in MOD (ES = 0.44, P = 0.01) and VIG (ES = 0.98, P < 0.001); VIG was lower than MOD (ES = 0.54, P = 0.003). Hunger ratings were similar across the conditions (P = 0.35). In experiment two, delta acylated ghrelin concentrations were lower than control in EX45 (ES = 0.77, P < 0.001) and EX90 (ES = 0.68, P < 0.001); EX45 and EX90 were similar (ES = 0.09, P = 0.55). Hunger ratings were lower than control in EX45 (ES = 0.20, P = 0.01) and EX90 (ES = 0.27, P = 0.001); EX45 and EX90 were similar (ES = 0.07, P = 0.34). Hunger and delta acylated ghrelin concentrations remained suppressed at 1.5 h in EX90 but not EX45. In conclusion, exercise intensity, and to a lesser extent duration, are determinants of the acylated ghrelin response to acute exercise.