bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Climbing Characteristic of the Wheeled Vehicle with Dual Pump Drive System
Authors: Chen Yan Li , Hu Wei Guo , Liu Jia Lin , Wang Hui , Wang Chun Xue , Wu Xiao Dong , Liu Shun An , Yang Lu Hong
Published: February 2014

The configuration diagram of wheeled vehicle was presented and the mathematical model of the important components was built according to the working principle of system. The subsystem properties of wheeled vehicle have analyzed by means of simulation method. Moreover, the climbing characteristic and anti- skidding properties of wheeled vehicle have done, the results shows that dual pump driving system is superior to a single pump driving system in terms of obstacle negotiation.
The Discharge Status and Technical Analysis of NOX of Thermal Power Plant Boiler
Authors: Yang Dong , Chen Qing Wen
Published: February 2014

NOXis one of the pollutants which will be key governanced by Government in Twelfth Five, and thermal power plant boiler is the main source of NOXin the atmospheric. Overview of the discharge status of NOXand the state-controlled status of the power plant NOXdischarge regulations with the latest standards, analysis of the current two thermal power plant NOXcontrol technology: low-NOx combustion technology and flue gas denitrification technology. Low NOx combustion technology introduces low excess air combustion technology, air staged combustion technology, flue gas recirculation technology, flue gas denitrification technology introduced four methods which is selective catalytic reduction, selective non-catalytic reduction, hybrid SNCR-SCR catalyst reduction combined metgod and wet NOXabsorption system, principle of denitration and their advantages and disadvantages of different methods are discussed. Finally a brief introduction of the difficulties of governance NOXand some necessary issues when select zhe control methods.
Design and Development of Wave Energy - Wind Energy Hybrid Power Generation System
Authors: Yang Shao Hui , He Guang Yu , Zhang Hao Ran
Published: February 2014

A hybrid power generation system which can collect wave energy and wind energy at the same time has been designed and developed in order to solve the problem that the power generation system can only use a single forms marine energy to generate electricity at present. Hybrid power generations main structure, wave energy collecting device, wind energy collecting device, power generation device were described. The system can convert simultaneously wave energy and wind energy to rotation axis kinetic energy and yield electricity by 5kW permanent magnet generator. The new power generation method of marine energy can improve the utilization efficiency and promote the development of marine energy power generation technology.
Safety Assessment of Boiler Water Circulation
Authors: Hong Wen Peng , Zhao Xing
Published: February 2014

This research develops a detection system which is aimed at how to find and deal with the water cycle problem of utility boiler. We utilize the distributed data acquisition detection technique which uses configuration software in Windows XP system as the development platform. It is fully used the compatibility and convenience of the configuration software. This system can finish the calculation of many parameters, such as mass velocity, pressure differential, temperature, pressure of working medium in the water wall and temperature of the water wall. These data will be compared with the data of relevant model in order to have a safety evaluation of water cycle in utility boiler and finally make sure of the safety operation. It shows that the water cycle on-line detection system have the theoretical property and practicability which is tested by the analog simulation.
Electromagnetic Properties Analysis of Field-Modulated Asynchronous Magnetic Couplings
Authors: Yang Chao Jun , Zhou Yue Hua , Chen Xiao Ping , Kong Ling Ying , Du Yi
Published: February 2014

In order to research the working status of the field-modulated asynchronous magnetic coupling under loading condition, the electromagnetism characteristics such as the distributions of induced current, torque and loss were obtained by using the ANSOFT software to carry on the transient analysis. The results show that the induced current in the whole of magnetic coupling is not evenly distributed. The induced current of copper is maximum, followed by the ferromagnetic pole-pieces. The highest induced current density is in the outside boundary of the copper layer so that the skin effect of current is verified. The current density and loss increases with increasing of the workload, while the torque increases firstly and then decreases with increasing of the workload. When the slip ratio exceeds 12%, the coupling appear skid phenomenon because the loads is greater than the maximum load which the coupling can bear.
Advanced Treatment on Papermaking Wastewater Using Photo-Fenton Modified Fly Ash
Authors: Jia Xiao Feng , Mai Wen Ning , Wang Xiao Rui , Zhou Jun
Published: February 2014

There are still some recalcitrant and toxic substances contained in the papermaking wastewater after the biological treatment, so it is necessary to conduct advanced treatment. This paper designed the types and modified methods of fly ash, and then utilized the orthogonal test and single factor analysis to determine the influence of various factors and the combination of optimal levels of Photo-Fenton method of modified fly ash. The results show that the acid modified fly ash has great synergistic catalytic effect. The optimal reaction conditions of papermaking wastewater treatment using the method without adjusting the pH value of raw water are shown as follows: the dosage of fly ash is 34g/L, the dosage of H2O2 is 8.2mmol/L, the dosage of FeSO4·7H2O is 8.8mmol/L and the reaction time is controlled in 45min.In this case, the removal efficiency for COD can reach 71.72%.
Application of Game Theory in Night Construction Noise Control
Authors: Liu Tian Xue , Liu Zhi Bin , Zheng Jing Hua
Published: February 2014

In view of the noise problem caused by constructing at night,a supervisory game model about the behaviors of environmental supervisors and noise producers is established in this paper.By game theory the behavior features of environmental supervisors and noise producers in the inspection and their relationship are analyzed,and the existing controlling method is discussed.On the basis of these,the supervision strength of environmental supervisors to noise producers is determined,and the relationship among the probability of inspection, the probability of constructing at night, the supervision strength and the punishment scale is obtained.It is recognized through discussion that supervision strength to small construction units should be increased,punishment degree to the units which have broken the rules should be large and part of the fine should be taken as money award and subsidies of the supervisors.
Development of Electric Vehicle Remote Monitoring System's Server and Client Application
Authors: Li Zhi Zhong , Yang Shi Chun , Liu Zi Tao
Published: February 2014

This paper analyzed the practical needs of remote monitoring of electric vehicle and illustrates the overall architecture of a remote monitoring system, and further developed a remote monitoring system of the Server and client application with the ASP.NET and Microsoft SQL Server database language, basically can meet the electric cars remote monitoring of the Server and client needs.
Chromium Contamination in Sediments of Anping Harbor, Taiwan
Authors: Hsiao Yu Sung , Chang Yi Kuo , Lou Jiann Yuh , Dong Cheng Di , Chen Chih Feng , Chen Chiu Wen
Published: February 2014

The distribution, enrichment, accumulation, and potential ecological risk of chromium (Cr) in the surface sediments of Anping Harbor, Taiwan, were investigated. Sediment samples from ten locations were collected and characterized for Cr, aluminum, water content, organic matter, and grain size. The results show that samples collected at all monitoring points contain 23.3–881.3 mg/kg of Cr with an average of 250.0±265.4 mg/kg. The spatial distribution of Cr reveals that the Cr concentration is relatively high in the Bamboo River mouth region, and gradually diminishes toward the harbor region. This indicates that upstream industrial and municipal wastewater discharges along the river bank are major sources of pollution. Results from the enrichment factor and geo-accumulation index analyses imply that the Bamboo River mouth sediments can be characterized as severe enrichment and moderate to strong accumulation of Cr, respectively. However, results of potential ecological risk index indicate that the sediment has low ecological potential risk. The results can provide valuable information to developing future strategies for the management of river mouth and harbor.
Design of Choking Cavitator and its Feasibility Study in Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Zhang Feng Hua , Li Nian , Tang Chuan Lin
Published: February 2014

A new cavitator-choking cavitator is designed on the basis of analyzing the choking cavitation phenomena that occurs in gas-liquid mixed flow of straight pipe ,in jet pump under operating limits and in steady adiabatic flashing flow of stepped circular tube as well as in a cylindrical pipe with a sharp edged-corner for the steady and unsteady flows. The feasibility preliminary research of choking cavitator is carried out with analysis the signals of cavitation noise and treating simulated wastewater (phenol solution). The results offers a new approach in cavitator development field at home and abroad because of the effect that treating simulated wastewater with choking cavitator is preferable,and the cavitation per energy produced by choking cavitator is higher than that by self-oscillated chamber nozzle.
Development of Optimization Model for Fuel Supply in District Heating System Based on Environment and Heat Demand Joint Constraints
Authors: Fu Dian Zheng , Huang Guo He
Published: February 2014

In this study, fuel supply optimization model coupled with environmental emission standard and heat demond prediction was applied in the district heating system of a new economic district in the middle part of Liaoning Province. The model results indicate that the coals from different sources and the use of nature gas are influenced while the component ratio of each coal type in coal bending is not influenced by the thermalization coefficient. Moreover, the results also shows that the thermalization coefficient can be regulated by the decision maker of the district heating system, resulting in redistributing the heat supplies between the main heat supply source and peak-shaving heat supply source in order to further obtain the reasonable heating alternative, which has both the economic and environmental merits for the residential users.
Discussion on the Construction Concept and Development Mode of Fan River Minor Ecological Watershed
Authors: Yan Li An , Hu Cheng , Su Dan , Wang Tong
Published: February 2014

This article discussed the connotation of minor ecological watershed through investigating Fan River regarded as the researching unit and combining the ideas of philosophy,ecology and psychology.The article also built the equity consideration from four aspects including water resources;environmental resource;social resource;ecology resource to build the theory-practice-theory path and form a ecological watershed criteria which could be widely applied in Liaoning province.
Experimental Study on Heat Transfer of Pressurized Spray Cooling on the Heated Plate by Using 45° Full Cone Nozzles
Authors: Jiang Peng , Wang Qian , Sabariman I. , Specht Eckehard
Published: February 2014

Water spray cooling is widely used in many industrial processes to control heat removal from a hot material surface. In this work, pressurized spray nozzle was applied to break film boiling immediately once the quenching process is started. For this purpose, a circular disc made of non-ferrous metals is heated to approximately 850 °C and sprayed on one side by hydraulic nozzle and the temperature distribution with respect to time and space is measured by using Infrared camera. On the other side, the measured surface was coated with graphite paint in order to achieve a high emissivity. By this IR thermography, transient temperature measurement can be carried out within the window of 320 × 80 pixels. The heat transfer was analyzed through 1D method. In this method, the temperature difference between both sides neglected. The local heat transfer can then be calculated from a simple differential energy balance.
Effectiveness of Purifying Polluted Water Quality by Caisson
Authors: Lu Xian Zhi , Hao Jian Chao , Liu Hui Fen , Tian Xiu Ping
Published: February 2014

The functional relationships of the ecological structure constituted by bacillus - matrix - plant and removing CODCr, TN and TP of the polluted river was probed. The results showed that the removal rate of TP by the combination of bacillus (imported to plant roots), limestone,Cyperus alternifoliusandIris pseudacoruswas the highest and up to 79.85%; The removal rate of TN and CODCrby the combination of bacillus (immersed in the matrix), ceramsite,Ceratophyllum demersumandIris pseudacoruswere the highest and 65.36% and 62.21%, respectively. The removal of CODCr, TN and TP under bacillus immersed in a matrix or import around plant roots were significantly higher than the bacillus was put into water; Limestone for removal rate of TP was significantly higher than medical stone and ceramsite; The ceramsite for removal rate of TN was significantly higher than medical stone and limestone; The removal efficiency of the t CODCr, TN and TP of sewage by the configuration ofCyperus alternifoliusandIris pseudacoruswere all the highest.
Environmental Pollution and Economic Growth
Authors: Li Meng , Wang Dan
Published: February 2014

This paper utilize generalized impulse response function of the VAR model and variance decomposition method to investigate the effects of long-term dynamic characteristics between environmental pollution indicators and GDP per capita in 11 provinces of western China in the 1992-2010.Impulse response analysis showed that:on the one hand economic growth is a major cause of environmental pollution.Environmental pollution on the other hand, economic growth, there are also a reverse effect.however, this force has a certain lag effect. Variance decomposition results show that although environmental pollutionis an important variable to forecast economic growth, the economic growth has little contribution to explain various types of environmental pollution predictor.
Life Cycle Assessment of Urban Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Wang Mei , Yang Ming , Liu Jun , Li Jian Fen
Published: February 2014

Effect and benefits of a product or service could be analyzed and evaluated by life cycle assessment during the whole life cycle. Urban sewage treatment plants could improve and control urban water pollution escalating, but it also had certain harm to environment. Effect and benefits of urban wastewater treatment plant A and B were analyzed and evaluated, 13 factors were selected, and comprehensive benefits were researched quantificationally using the method of analytic hierarchy process. It found that urban wastewater treatment plant A who applied A/O process had better benefits than urban wastewater treatment plant B who applied BIOLAK process.
Mechanism Analysis of Coagu-Flocculation and Nuclear-Flocculation Combined Process Treat on Straw Pulp Papermaking Wastewater
Authors: Song Xiao Qiao , Li Tian Xin
Published: February 2014

There were still high CODCr in straw pulp papermaking waste water, which was dealed with coagulation-combination with nuclear flocculation process. To explore its causes, according to organic qualitative analysis results by GC-MS of the coagulation-flocculation with nuclear process on wastewater treatment and biochemical analysis, this study did the mechanism analysis to the process. It was the main reason, why caused high CODcr, to remain small molecules organic contaminants in the water, such as phthalic acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester and Diisobutyl phthalate.
Mechanism of Fishy Odor Compounds Metabolized by Algae
Authors: Sun Li Li , Zhang Ke Jia , Zhang Tu Qiao , Zhu Zhi Wei
Published: February 2014

Fishy odor, part of the taste and odor existing in the drinking water, often cause people to reflect poor water quality, and even lead to social panic. The typical fishy compounds are primarily amines and polyunsaturated aldehydes (PUAs), which are widely found in surface water, particularly during the algae blooms. The properties of the small molecular weight, low odor threshold and difficult removing, have received a great concern in the field of environment protection. Because of their environmental hazards, the source, physical-chemical properties, genotoxicity and generation mechanism of the fishy compounds were introduced in this paper in order to remove the compounds by controlling the precursors and generation pathway. The results show that amines are produced by the nitrogenous compounds in catalysis of microorganisms and enzymes, while PUAs are produced by polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). The algal cells cleavage is a key factor of producing fishy odor.
Meteorological Factors Affected Dew Condensation in Marsh Ecosystem
Authors: Xu Ying Ying , Yan Bai Xing , Zhu Hui
Published: February 2014

Dew is one of crucial factors in the water and nutrient cycle in wetland ecosystem, especially playing an important role in the water and nutrients balance. Identifying the meteorological factors which affect the formation of dew is necessary. The meteorological condition is the key factor of dew condensing; therefore, it is necessary to identify the relationship between meteorological factors and dew formation. Dew amount was monitored and collected in the Sanjiang Plain. The highest mean dew amounts at Sanjiang Plain were observed in Craex lasiocarpa community (0.130mm night-1). Nearly 50% dew events correspond to the smallest yields (<0.04 mm="" night="" sup="">-1) and it is implies there are around half days are unsuitable for dew condensation in Craex lasiocarpa community. Our study impies that dew data, taken in growthing season of 2003 to 2005 and 2008, correlated positive with relative humidity, dew point temperature, and vapour pressure.
Part of the Town Sewage Treatment Plants Investigation and Analysis of Current Situation of Guizhou Province
Authors: Shen Yu Xi , Li Jin Cheng , Li Wen Wen , Shi Qin , Deng Jie Wen
Published: February 2014

Guizhou province has built 66 town sewage treatment plants, the statistics of the construction, operation, and energy consumption statistics show that town sewage treatment plants in Guizhou are based on small ones below 10,000 m3 / d ,the common treating process is mostly oxidation ditch.Most of the A / O process and HASN craft, pipe network are mostly mixed-flow, the average load rate of sewage treatment plants is 76.87 percent. Microwave treatment process is the most efficient way to remove COD and SS, biological aerated filter is the most efficient way to remove BOD and ammonia, activated sludge process is the best way to remove phosphorus. With the increasing scale of the operating, costs are reduced, so sewage treatment plants should choose technology and scale to adapt to local conditions, improve the operation of the facility and enhance the pollutant removal rate effectively.
Progress of the Research of Nitrogenous Disinfection By-Products Haloacetonitriles (HANs) in Drinking Water
Authors: He Gui Lin , Li Cong , Zhang Tu Qiao
Published: February 2014

The presence of Haloacetonitriles (HANs) in drinking water is of concern due to its high genotoxi-city and cytotoxicity compared with regulated DBPs. Moreover, a shift from chlorination to chlora-mination increased the products of HANs. This paper provides a critical review of the property, the toxicity and the removal method of HANs. Exploring effective method to remove HANs and its precursors is one of the developing direction.
Flame Propagation Speed Test of Biomass Gas
Authors: Qi Jin , Chao Kui Qin , Wan Neng Dai
Published: February 2014

The Bunsen burner was improved to measure the flame propagation speed of biomass gases with different kinds of components using angle method on test bench. The influences of different components, especially CO2, on flame speed propagation and the relations between flame speed and primary air ratio were measured and analyzed. Results show that flame propagation speed decreases with the increase of CO2. And for a particular kind of gas, flame propagation speed has the maximum value when primary air ratio is close to 1.
The Laboratory Study of Drinking Water Biofilms
Authors: Zhao Jing Guo , Yang Yu Long , Li Cong
Published: February 2014

Due to the existence of some kinds of minim organic matters in drinking water distribution systems, biofilms are commonly found on the inner walls of pipe networks, and it can contribute to the deterioration to water quality and influence water supply security. The current situations of the study of the biofilm are summarized. Two typical kinds of reactors often used in laboratories are stated. And numerous environmental factors influencing biofilm formation, including hydraulic condition, water temperature, pipe material, water temperature, disinfectant residuals and nutrient element, are reviewed. Furthermore, some key aspects for future research to control the development of biofilms are proposed.
Keywords: drinking water distribution system; biofilm; simulation system; disinfectant residual
The Mechanism of the Earth's Epidermis Warming Caused by Exploitation of Fossil Fuels
Authors: Han Dong Yin
Published: February 2014

The techniques are referred to as analyzing the relationship between the events of the lithosphere getting thermal and the changes of weakened release energies of strong earthquakes that might be related with the ones of increased exploitation quantities of the global three-large fossil fuels of coal,oil and gas ,and the relationship between the events of earth crust expansion getting thermal with the accumulated increasing of the land crust expansion thickness from calculation and the accumulated increasing of fossil fuels being exploited,et al. The three mechanism-modes of earth's epidermis warming over the past 100 years since 1890 from earth interior changes with relation to fossil fuels being exploited were suggested that the weakened release energies of global strong earthquakes caused by the increasing of earth thermal stress energies and overall warming of lithosphere, the “weightlessness” and expansion and getting thermal of continental crust,the increasing of earth currents and heat quantities generated by added origid geological and tectonic activities in mining areas and earth's surface getting thermal.
The Study on Protozoan Community Structure of Zhalong Wetland
Authors: Zhou Yao , Xie Zhi Gang
Published: February 2014

The zhalong wetland water environment is an important part of the ecological environment, The protozoan community structure of Zhalong wetland was researched in this article. We can monitoring water pollution degree through the analysis of protozoan population, this research investigated protozoa population structure in qiqihar zhalong wetland through the PFU method and direct mining water in water samples, and analyse the physiological and biochemical parameters to assess the quality of water quality changes during May-October in 2012, the result show that 74 protozoa were observed including ciliate fleshiness shrimp center, flagellate less. In comparison with clean water inside, can use light and feed on algae native species number is more, different water quality in different conditions, protozoa composition has a very significant difference.
Effects of Urbanization on Black Soil: A Remote Sensing Perspective
Authors: Li Xiao Yan , Li Hong , Liu Hui Jia
Published: February 2014

Urbanization is considered to be one of the most important human activities in the recent history of China. Northeast China is one of the fastest urbanizing areas in the country with its urban population proportion increasing from 23.8% in 1942 to 32.8% in 32.8%, and to about 47% which is about the same as the world average value. This is a case study conducted in Changchun city to evaluate the impact of urbanization on soil resources using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and remote sensing. The extent of urban land in the study area and the impact of urban sprawl on soil resources at a scale of 1:500,000 were estimated. The soil types occupied by the urbanization processes were determined by overlaying the soil map on the satellite images (Landsat TM and CBERS-2) of the study area at different times (1986, 1995, 2000 and 2005). The results documented the rapid expansion of urbanization in Changchun city, as well as the soil types occupied by the urbanization process. Results showed that, the urban increased by 76.8% during the past two decades and the loss of black soil accounted more than 70% of all soil loss. Growing urbanization may threaten food security, soil diversity and sustainability.
Research of Optimization Framework for China's Low-Carbon Technology Development Based on 3E Model: A Case Study of Electricity Industry
Authors: Liu Zhe , Zeng Wei Hua
Published: February 2014

Energy security and climate change are the two major challenges facing human society, its a hot topic that how to realize comprehensive balance and coordinated development among Energy-Economy-Environment. Low-carbon technology is the key to the development of low-carbon economy, and rational planning of the development of low-carbon technology roadmap has the role of guiding low-carbon industry development. This study aims at the lowest cost on carbon emission reduction technology under the constraints of carbon emission reduction targets in all stages; establishes the framework of low-carbon technology development to make portfolio optimization based on MARKAL model; and then take electricity industry for example, and conduct Scenario Design on low-carbon technology in electricity industry by stage in order to define the best low-carbon technology roadmap of electricity industry over the next 40 years. On that basis, propose the matching policy recommendations to ensure the development of low-carbon technology roadmap. The proposed optimization framework of low-carbon technology roadmap can provide technical methods for the development of low-carbon technologies and establishment of related policies in other industries.
The Life Cycle Assessment of a Polypropylene Product, Part B: Comparison of Fuel Options for Generating Electricity and Disposal Methods
Authors: Kandananond Karin
Published: February 2014

Electricity is one of the most important resources in the manufacturing process. This research has demonstrated the environmental impact caused from two fuel options for generating electricity, coal and mixed (oil/ petroleum gas/ hydro power), in Thailand. The case study is conducted on a sample plastic product, a polypropylene (PP) stacking chair. Moreover, the effect from different disposal scenarios, landfill and incineration, is also analyzed as well. Due to the results, the electricity generated from coal has caused more impact than the one from mixed fuels. For coal option, respiratory inorganics seem to be the most crucial problem while the use of fossil fuels is the major impact from mixed fuels option. When the disposal methods are considered, the incineration is a better choice for disposing PP waste since it causes the least impact on the environment. By the categories of impacts, carcinogens are highly contributed to the landfill method while the climate change is the result from the incineration.
Effect of Aeration Conditions on the Flow Field in the Submerged Membrane Bioreactor
Authors: Xing Shi Lu , Tao Zhong Lan , Niu Jian Ming , Tian Rui , Li Chun Li
Published: February 2014

A full size 3D numerical simulation of gas liquid two-phase flow in a submerged membrane bioreactor was carried out. The standard k-ε turbulence model and Euler multiphase flow model of fluent were used. The effect of changed aeration conditions in the reactor on the gas holdup and gas-liquid velocity distribution in the reactor was studied. The simulation results were shown that, at the same aeration rate, the liquid and gas velocities of 1mm hole aerated at the membrane surface increased faster than 2 mm and 3mm aeration holes; At the same aeration hole , with the increase of aeration rate，the liquid and gas velocities at the membrane surface increased; At the 1mm aeration hole and 5.5m3/h aeration rate, the vortex area was larger and gas holdup was higher, so that gas and liquid were contacting well and the membrane surface scouring effect was better; The Simulation also shown that local gas holdup was lower at close to the wall at the bottom of the reactor, this was not conducive to the growth of microorganisms in the activated sludge, the need to further optimize the structure of aeration and reactor.
Establishment of Catchment Coefficient Using Wall Surface in Slenderness Ratio-Specific Miniature Models Created for Experiments
Authors: Lee Ji Soo , Hong Won Hwa , Son Byeung Hun , Jung Min Kyu
Published: February 2014

This study aimed to assess the efficiency in collecting rainwater by utilizing the surface of walls in building structures, as part of the efforts to expand the application of rainwater utilization. Walls of building structures, in particular, have the merits of securing high-quality rainwater simply by precipitating the water via similar material that is used in roof surface for rainwater collection. The buildings wherein rainwater utilization facilities are installed in roof surfaces have the merit that allow the shared use of rainwater without having to install any further systems other than the collecting system. Given the aforesaid, this study attempted to assess and verify the efficiency of rainwater collecting systems that are applied to the surface of walls in building structures. To this end, miniature models were created for the typical intra-city buildings wherein installation of rainwater utilization facilities/systems is recommended by the Water Act. During the experiments, factors for calculating the amount of catchment were controlled and then the surface of walls was exposed to actual rainfalls to calculate the coefficient of catchment via wall surface as influenced by wind velocity. Results of the study include the establishment of a formula for catchment coefficient for each slenderness ratio (model) via linear equation. Additionally, implications were proposed for additional studies to ensure future research in this area.
Research on Gas Content Prediction Model of Hebi No.6 Mine Based on Quantification Theory
Authors: Hao Tian Xuan , Niu Hao
Published: February 2014

The mathematic principles and numerical arithmetic of quantification theory Iare studied of gas content prediction model and actually measured data during geological prospecting and producing of Jincheng Hebi No.6 coal seam are collected. Thus, twenty-nine reliable data of gas content are gained. Then, the gas content prediction model is founded based on quantification theory by selecting bedrock thicknesscoal seam thickness as quantitative values and lithological character of coal roof as qualitative value. By results of calculation and estimation, the model precision can meet the desire of engineering precision, showing that using quantification theory to predict gas content is feasible.
Numerical Analysis of Piston's Trajectory for a New Kind Engine
Authors: Sun Chan Xin , Xu Xiao Jun , Wang Tao
Published: February 2014

Kinematic analysis method is used to verify the feasibility of a new kind rotary engine which is proposed recently. Firstly, a coordinate system and relevant parameters are presented for the engine, and then the kinematic theory model of key components in system are built, based on this model, the law of pistons motion is studied at last. The results could provide an effective reference to the study on design and manufacture of this engine.
Application of Sulphatoethylsulphone Reactive-Disperse Dye on PLA and Cotton Fabrics
Authors: Hansakulwat Pimonrat , Sae-Bae Porntip , Setthayanond Jantip , Na Phatthalung Issara
Published: February 2014

The current research investigated the dyeing properties on cotton and PLA fabrics of the sulphatoethylsulphone reactive-disperse dye synthesized from coupling reaction between aminophenyl-4-(β-sulphatoethylsulphone) diazonium salt and N,N-diethyl-m-toluidine, a preliminary study aiming to develop the dye for one-bath dyeing for PLA/cotton blended fabric. From the study, the optimum dyeing condition of the synthesized dye on PLA fabric was at pH 6 and 110°C. The synthesized dye performed very well on PLA rather than cotton. The dyed PLA fabric also displayed excellent color fastnesses to washing and crocking. A study on cotton dyeing gave the information that the dyeing ability of the dye was enhanced by increasing dyeing temperature and the amounts of added salt and alkali. The dyed cotton fabric exhibited a moderate to good color fastnesses to washing and crocking. A nearly similar shade obtained on PLA and cotton encourages a dyeing process development for PLA/cotton blended fabric.
Influence of Monochlorotriazine-β-Cyclodextrin Treatment on Dyeing and Fastness Properties of the Hot-Dyeing Reactive Dye on Cotton
Authors: Sodsangchan Chotima , Setthayanond Jantip , Suwanruji Potjanart
Published: February 2014

The objective of this paper was to study the application of Monochlorotriazine-β-cyclodextrin (MCT-β-CD) on cotton fabric and its influence on dyeing and fastness properties of the hot-dyeing reactive dye (with MCT reactive group), Drimarene Red X-6BN, on cotton. The optimum curing condition for MCT-β-CD on cotton was investigated. MCT-β-CD treatment was found to be unaffected on the dyeing properties of the dye on cotton. The color fastness to washing of the dyed fabric was improved in the presence of MCT-β-CD, while the light fastness was unaffected.
Development of Catalyst for Industrial Flue Gas Denitration at Low Temperature
Authors: Yang Qiao Wen , Ren Yan Jiao , Zhao Lu Wei , Zuo Jin Lei , Sun Wen Yi
Published: February 2014

The most effective technology currently for flue gas denitrition is selective catalytic reduction (SCR). And the major problem against spreading SCR technology is the high cost and low efficiency of the catalyst for SCR. Al2O3 supported Mn-Fe oxide precursor was prepared through water/ethanol coprecipitation and then nitridized through NH3-TPD. Thus the inexpensive and efficient Mn-Fe-O-N/Al2O3 catalyst was obtained. The catalyst with a Mn/Al molar ratio of 0.4 and a Fe loading of 6.0 wt.% was testified to have the best performance for denitrition. The NOx conversion reached 95% at low temperature (150~200°C).
A Ce-Zr-Ti Oxide Catalyst for Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO with Ammonia
Authors: Jiang Ye , Yan Yan , Huang Shan Bo , Zhang Xiong , Wang Xin Wei , Song Wen Xia
Published: February 2014

A Ce-Zr-Ti oxide catalyst was prepared by an impregnation method and tested for the selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH3. The Ce-Zr-Ti oxide catalyst exhibited high activity and more than 95% NO conversion was obtained within the temperature range 300-500 °C at the high gas hourly space velocity of 50,000 h-1. The addition of Zr improved the activity of Ce-Ti oxides especially at higher reaction temperatures and their resistance to SO2.
Fractionated Pyrolysis of Biomass and its Components
Authors: Liu Qian , Shen De Kui
Published: February 2014

Fractionated pyrolysis of biomass and its three main components (viz. hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin) was carried out on a thermogravimetric analyzer, which effectively separated the pyrolysis progress of different compositions. Three temperature ranges of 40-300 °C, 300-400 °C and 400-700 °C were presented with hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin as the dominant component, respectively. Fir contains much more cellulose and lignin than rice straw, and thus the weight loss in 300-400 °C is much higher, as 66.4% of the total weight loss. Rice straw contains more extractives and hemicellulose, resulting in higher mass loss in the early pyrolysis stage of 40-300 °C. The pyrolysis of biomass was predicted by hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin according to the additivity law, and the fractionated pyrolysis showed good performance in the prediction of volatile and residue yields of wood biomass. The interactions of biomass components were revealed to be unneglectable.
Influence of Carbon Nano-Fiber on Mechanical Property of PALC
Authors: Wang Jian Lei , Meng Li Jun
Published: February 2014

The paper studied the influence of carbon nanofiber on the mechanical property of PALC and discussed the modified mechanism by SEM analysis. The results show that the addition of 2.0wt./% carbon nanofiber is favorable for tensile splitting strength of PALC pastes owing to their filling pore and bridging enhancement effect of the nanofibers.
The Research and Application of Injection Wells Acidification with Temporary Plugging Agent
Authors: Qiao Meng Jiao , Cao Guang Sheng , Gao Yu Jun , Ge Lang
Published: February 2014

For heterogeneous oilfields, the permeability of formations vary from a few milli darcies to hundreds or even thousands of milli darcies. In order to solve this problem, to improve the injection profile, for the low permeability reservoir is broken down, it is necessary to study the temporary plugging steering acidizing technique. Using laboratory experiments, the research and development of temporary plugging agent, Auxiliary reagents selection, at last, through indoor core simulation experiment to form the system of temporary plugging acidizing formula, so as to achieve temporary plugging technology, not only solve the difficulties of heterogeneous oil field, but also save the cost, improve the economic benefit.
Research and Development on Remote Calibration System for Electric Vehicles
Authors: Li Ming , Yang Shi Chun , Liu Wei
Published: February 2014

this paper presents a solution of real-time remote calibration for electric vehicle. The development system integrates 3G(The 3rd Generation Telecommunication), CAN(Controller Area Network) technology, with calibration unit into a powerful real time remote calibration system. This paper introduces the overall architecture of the system and the design of the corresponding module. In the verification of the actual system, it can read and modify the content of the MCU (Microprogrammed Control Unit) flash, display the monitoring parameters dynamically, display the multi-foramt calibration parameters and pulse spectrum. And at the same time, the monitoring parameters can be automatically configured and upload.
Preparation and Characterization of Bisphenol a Polycarbonate Facilitated by Supercritical Impinging Stream
Authors: Xiao Yang , Zhang Ai Qing
Published: February 2014

Based on the supercritical impinging stream technique, a novel synthetic process for preparing aromatic polycarbonate (PC) by transesterification between bisphenol-A (BPA) and diphenyl carbonate (DPC) was developed. Supercritical carbon dioxide (ScCO2) is an excellent plasticizing agent and a good solvent for phenol, the by-product of the reaction. Impinging stream can markedly enhance heat and mass transfer, especially mass transfer between phases. In this process, phenol formed from the reaction was dissolved and diffused into ScCO2 phase and the transfer process were accelerated through the impingement of two flows. The structure of the product was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry (FT-IR), 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and 13C-NMR measurements. Thermal analysis was measured by a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The PC molecular weight (MW) was determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and can reach up to 4.28×104 g/mol.
A Model for Technological Design of the Façade Claddings with Low Thickness Stone Elements
Authors: di Sivo Michele , Angelucci Filippo
Published: February 2014

In the last twenty years, we assist to a total transformation of the façades cladding technology with low thickness stone elements. The old conception of the anchorage component is exceeded and approach us a new production of systems and accessories for the connection of stone elements with a high degree of performances.
In the field of the building façades cladding, using low thickness stone slabs, it is being developed the art of connections. This paper summarizes a research experience in which we focused a methodological model for the technological design of the façades cladding, using low thickness stone elements.
Effect of Composite Fibers Orientations on Crack Behavior of a Thin Plate by Finite Element Method Simulation
Authors: Hocine A. , Saidi M. , sidi Mohamed Medjdoub , Meliani M. Hadj
Published: February 2014

The present study is a preliminary effort which investigates the effect of different sequences of composite materials on the Von Mises stress and stress concentration factor on a simple thin cracked plate. Our approach is to reduce the design of cylinder under internal pure pressure to that of a cracked metal plate reinforced by different sequences layers of composite subjected to a tensile loading. Four reports of the length of the crack front (a) with respect to the thickness (t) of the structure were analyzed. The increased ratio (a/t) from 10% to 40% positively influences the values of stress intensity factors and the Von Mises stress. Finally, the numerical results show that the reinforced the cracked structure with composite layers has greatly reduced the stress intensity factor at the crack tip based on fiber orientations.
Prediction of Microscopic Interface Crack Onset in Fiber-Reinforced Composites by Using a Multi-Scale Homogenization Procedure
Authors: Bruno Domenico , Greco Fabrizio , Leonetti Lorenzo , Nevone Blasi Paolo
Published: February 2014

A two-scale method able to carry out a macroscopic failure analysis of a composite structure in presence of microscopic mixed mode interface crack initiation, is proposed. The method is able to accurately predict local failure quantities (fiber/matrix interfacial stresses, energy release and mode mixity for an interface crack) in an arbitrary cell from the results of a macroscopic homogenized analysis. Microscopic crack initiation is thus analyzed by using a coupled stress and energy failure criterion in term of these local quantities. Numerical results are obtained for a plane strain model of a locally periodic fiber-reinforced composite material subjected to shear loading and characterized by initially undamaged fiber/matrix interfaces. Predictions for the critical load factor and interface crack length at crack onset obtained by the proposed model are compared with those obtained by means of a direct simulation.
Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulations on High-Temperature Reaction Rates of Reactions KO+CO==K+CO2, KO+C=K+CO, and K2O+CO2==K2CO3
Authors: Dong Yan Hua , Li Xiao Jia
Published: February 2014

In this paper, we present a novel approach for calculating chemical reaction rates based on molecular collision theory, in which molecular collision cross sections are calculated by averaging over all reactive trajectories from ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. The molecular collision radius is determined by both reactive and non-reactive trajectories of molecular dynamics under constant temperature. Thus, both steric and temperature effects have been take into account for molecular collision cross sections. We have applied this approach to calculate reaction rates of reactions KO+CO==K+CO2, KO+C==K+CO, and K2O+CO2==K2CO3 under high temperature. It also shows that under higher temperature, the probabilities of a successful reaction resulting from particle collision are low, because the products are not stable.
Phase Composition of Starch-Gelatin Blends Studied by FTIR
Authors: Zhang Nuo Zi , Shanks Robert , Liu Xing Xun , Yu Long
Published: February 2014

Phase composition of gelatin-starch blends were investigated by Fourier transform infared (FTIR) spectroscopy with various extended techniques, from ATR to 2D and 3D mapping by synchrotron FTIR micro-spectroscopy. The peaks of the saccharide bands (1180953 cm-1) and the amide I and II bands (17501483 cm-1) were used to identify the starch and gelatin respectively. The ratio of the areas of the saccharide bands the amide I and II bands was used to determine relative distributions of the two components of the blends.
Finite Element Modelling of Static and Fatigue Failure of Composite Repair System in Offshore Pipe Risers
Authors: Chan Park Hinn , Tshai Kim Yeow , Johnson Michael , Choo Hui Leng
Published: February 2014

The static and cyclic failure mechanisms of offshore pipe riser repaired with a designated laminate orientation of carbon/epoxy (C/E) system were studied. The finite element (FE) model takes into account failure mechanisms of the composite sleeve inter-layer delamination, debonding at the steel riser-composite surface interface, and the maximum permissible strain of the repaired riser. Design conditions of the combined static loads (coupled internal pressure, longitudinal tensile and transverse bending) were determined through a limit state analysis [1,2]. The limiting static bending load that causes catastrophic failure under a coupled internal pressure and tensile loadings was determined through Virtual Crack Closure Technique (VCCT). The effects of cyclic bending, mimicking the typical scenarios experienced in pipe riser exposed to dynamic subsea environment, were evaluated and compared against the static conditions. The low cycle fatigue of the composite repair system (CRS) is simulated using a direct cyclic analysis within a general purpose FE program, where the onset and fatigue delamination/disbonding growth are characterized through the Paris Law.
Delineation of Hydrocarbon with Variation of Overburden Thickness for Sea Bed Logging Applications
Authors: Daud Hanita , Vijanth Sagayan , Ahmad Muizuddin Talib
Published: February 2014

There are various methods being used to model and study behavior of electromagnetic (EM) waves in controlled source electromagnetic (CSEM) environment. Sea Bed logging (SBL) is using CSEM technique in detecting and characterizing hydrocarbon bearing reservoirs in deep water areas. It uses a mobile horizontal electric dipole (HED) source called transmitter that transmits low frequency of 0.1Hz to 10Hz, 30m - 40m above sea bed and an array of seafloor electric field receivers. These signals depend on the resistivity structure beneath the sea bed as hydrocarbon is known to have high resistivity value of 30 500 Ωm in contrast to sea water layer of 0.5 2 Ωm and sediments of 1-2 Ωm. Array of seafloor receivers detect EM energy that propagates through the sea and subsurface. Data collected is used for processing and modeling purposes to predict depth of resistive bodies. In this paper, synthetics data generated from developed simulator that is able to replicate SBL environment is compared to synthetics data generated from Computer Simulation Software (CST) and COMSOL software with same parameter setting to study trends between them. Percentage differences between data with hydrocarbon and without hydrocarbon are calculated and comparisons are made. Overburden thickness is varied from 1000m to 3000m (incremented by 500m) at frequency of 0.125Hz. It was found that all the data generated either from simulator, CST software and COMSOL showing the same trends. From these findings it shall conclude that the simulator is a reliable tool to model any sea bed logging environment and predicting present of hydrocarbon reservoir in SBL environment.
Heat Transfer Hot-Pressing Model of Medium Density Fiberboard
Authors: Li Hong Peng , Wang Xing Jian , Zhang Chun Rui
Published: February 2014

This by ratiocinating the theoretical formations of the pressing time of Cylindrical fiberboard and analyzing the relationship between the pressing time and Temperature difference and wood-based radius.