bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ionizing Radiation: Chemical Kinetics, Chemical Bounds, and Radiation
Chemistry on Polymers
Authors: Ortega Pijeira Martha Sahylí , Magne Tais Monteiro , da Silva Natália Cristina Gomes , Ramos Ribeiro Elisabete Regina Fernandes , Albuquerque Silva Yuri José , Ricci-Junior Eduardo , Rebelo Alencar Luciana Magalhães , Santos-Oliveira Ralph
Published: March 2023

Ionizing radiation has been used for decades and expanded to several applications in multivariate sectors, becoming an important tool to promote controlled chemical reactions in poly-meric structures, according to their chemical properties for developing new materials. In addition, the use of radiation can also be applied in order to reduce or eliminate compounds from solutions that may be harmful or of low interest. In this review, we overviewed the chemistry behind material irradiation and the attractive use of ionizing radiation in scientific and industrial development. In this regard, the review was divided into three main sections titled (1) chemical kinetics intermediat-ed by radiation, (2) chemical bonds intermediated by radiation, and (3) radiation chemistry on pol-ymers. We concluded that graft polymerization, crosslinking and chain scission reactions induced by ionizing radiation are very efficient and green strategies for developing new materials with im-proved properties. Furthermore, water radiolysis plays a key role in the degradation of several con-taminants, including pharmaceuticals and microplastics, in aqueous solutions. However, more stud-ies must be conducted to complement the existing theory about the proposed mechanisms responsi-ble for modifying the chemical, mechanical, thermal, optical, and so forth properties of irradiated materials.
The Association between COVID-19 and Reactive Arthritis: A Systematic Review of Case Reports and Case Series
Authors: Namakin Kosar , Sadeghzadeh Sara , Tamimi Atena , Abdolzadeh Ayfar , Khanjani Zahra , Ebrahimi Navid , Abdolmohammadi Golara , Golshan Ahmadreza , Fardoost Shakiba , Masrouri Soroush , Hajikhani Bahareh , Salimi Chirani Alireza , Zangiabadian Moein , Javad Nasiri Mohammad
Published: March 2023

Introduction:

Reactive arthritis (ReA) is a joint inflammation that follows an infection at a distant site, often in the gastrointestinal or urogenital tract. Since the emergence of COVID-19 in January 2020, several case reports have suggested a relation between reactive arthritis and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2), due to the novelty of the disease, most findings were reported in the form of case reports or case series, and a comprehensive overview is still lacking.

Methods:

We searched PubMed/Medline and Embase to identify studies addressing the association between ReA and COVID-19. The following terms were used: (“Reactive Arthritis” OR “Post-Infectious Arthritis” OR “Post Infectious Arthritis”) AND (“COVID-19” OR “SARS-CoV-2” OR “2019-nCoV”).

Results:

A total number of 35 reports published up to February 16th, 2022, were included in this study. A wide range of ages was affected (mean 41.0, min 4 max 78), with a higher prevalence of males (61.0%) from 16 countries. The number and location of the affected joints were different in included patients, with a higher prevalence of polyarthritis in 41.5% of all cases. Cutaneous mani-festations and visual impairments were found as the most common associated symptoms. Most pa-tients (95.1%) recovered, with a mean recovery time of 24 days. Moreover, arthritis induced by COVID-19 seems to relieve faster than ReA, followed by other infections.

Conclusion:

ReA can be a possible sequel of COVID-19 infection. Since musculoskeletal pain is a frequent symptom of COVID-19, ReA with rapid onset can easily be misdiagnosed. Therefore, cli-nicians should consider ReA a vital differential diagnosis in patients with post-COVID-19 joint swelling. Additional studies are required for further analysis and to corroborate these findings.
Stability Study and Simultaneous Determination of Norepinephrine, Moxifloxacin,
and Piperacillin + Tazobactam Mixtures Applied in Intensive
Care Medicine
Authors: Schmidt Jéssica Pires , Steppe Martin
Published: March 2023

Background:

In intensive care units intravenous medicine may be used in simultaneous
infusion in the same intravenous site. Sometimes, the physical compatibility and stability of
the combined solutions are unknown.

Objective:

The objective was to develop, optimize and validate a simple, fast and sensitive stability-
indicating high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for simultaneous quantification
of binary mixtures of norepinephrine, piperacillin + tazobactam, moxifloxacin for intravenous
(IV) administration in different diluents and physical compatibility with mannitol.

Methods:

The HPLC method was performed on a C18LUNA (4.6x250 mm 5-Micron) column,
using acetonitrile: methanol: phosphate buffer pH 3.0 (20:30:50) as eluent and validated according
to ICH guidelines and applied to mixtures of norepinephrine, moxifloxacin, piperacillin, tazobactam
and mannitol at 0, 2, 6, 9 and 24 h. The substances and their mixtures were also evaluated
by visual inspection and pH over time.

Results:

The analytical method developed was specific, linear, precise, accurate and robust. No
visual changes were observed in the mixtures over time, maintaining the pH values (except for
piperacillin + tazobactam which changed 0.5 in 24 h) and losses of less than 10% of content over
the 24 h under analyzed conditions.

Conclusion:

The proposed method is suitable for simultaneous analysis of norepinephrine, moxifloxacin,
piperacillin and tazobactam. All tested mixtures were compatible and stable for up to
24h, which is an important result for increasing patient safety in clinical practice since it has not
been reported in the literature yet. The method can be further investigated and used for different
concentration and diluent combinations.
RADA-16-based Self-assembled Peptide Nanofiber Scaffolds Loaded with
TGF-β1 Enhance the Chondrogenic Differentiation Potential of BMSCs In
vitro
Authors: Yu Peng , Duan Lian , Yan Zhen , Li Jun , Cai Dao-Zhang
Published: March 2023

Objective:

At present, cartilage repair does not offer ideal efficacy. Fortunately, recent studies
have claimed that RADA-16 peptide is an attractive therapeutic strategy for repairing cartilage defects.
Therefore, this study tried to explore the effect of RADA-16 loaded with transforming growth factor-beta
(TGF-β) 1 on cartilage differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs).

Methods:

First, the RADA-16 peptide was synthesized by solid phase peptide, and a well-defined hydrogel
was formed by supramolecular peptide self-assembly. Then, TGF-β1 (loading concentration of 10
ng/mL) was loaded into RADA-16, with scanning electron microscopy to observe the morphology of the
TGF-β1/RADA-16 hydrogel and detect its related properties. Next, BMSCs were isolated from bone marrow
samples and identified. TGF-β1/RADA-16 was co-cultured with L929, BMSCs, and C28/I2 cells,
respectively, and the survival and proliferation ability of the cells was determined by live/dead cell staining
and MTT assay. Chondrogenic differentiation and sGAG production of BMSCs were determined by
Alcian blue staining and Blyscan assay, the expression of cartilage-associated genes by qRT-PCR, and the
levels of inflammatory factors by ELISA. As for mechanism investigation, the Smad and ERK/MAPK
signaling pathways were detected by western blot.

Results:

RADA-16 hydrogel exhibited a well-distributed and interconnected porous surface structure,
with a loading rate of 91.9% for TGF-β1. The TGF-β1/RADA-16 hydrogel had good release and degradation
properties, and had no negative effect on the survival and proliferation ability of BMSCs, L929, and
C28/I2 cells. Importantly, TGF-β1/RADA-16 hydrogel significantly accelerated chondrogenic differentiation
and sGAG generation in BMSCs, and decreased pro-inflammatory factor production. In addition, the
hydrogel also significantly activated the Smad and ERK/MAPK pathways of BMSCs.

Conclusion:

RADA-16 loaded with TGF-β1 has good biological properties and can enhance the chondrogenic
differentiation ability of BMSCs.
Management Issues in Police and Social Worker Alliances: Using the Lens of Occupational Culture
Authors: Leonard Karen Moustafa , Van Scotter James R.
Published: March 2023

Events, often involving members of minority groups, have caused members of the public to question the motives and methods of the police. In these events, police have either reacted to a misperceived threat or misunderstood the situation and responded incorrectly. To prevent future events, some observers have called for an alliance between police and social workers in responding to specific events within the community. Some cases may cause a need for resources that are not within the police domain. In the heat of the moment, determining the best way to deal with emotionally charged situations can require complex decision making. For instance, when police respond to reports of domestic violence, both parties may forget about their own differences and turn on the police. Negative experiences may cause police to respond based on previous experiences, rather than the current situation. This paper examines significant differences in the occupational cultures of social workers and police that may affect how the two units interact and respond to events. Our findings explicate the influence of cultural issues on the effectiveness of the proposed alliance. This paper does not discuss incidents where the groups are working well together, but only those where there may be occupational cultural differences that cause problems.
The Usefulness of a Smartphone App–Based Smoking Cessation Program for Conventional Cigarette Users, Heated Tobacco Product Users, and Dual Users: Retrospective Study (Preprint)
Authors: Noda Yuko , So Ryuhei , Sonoda Misaki , Tabuchi Takahiro , Nomura Akihiro
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Heated tobacco products (HTPs) are widespread in Japan, and smoking cessation of such products has become an important issue owing to the spread of harmful effects from HTPs. The efficacy of online digital therapy has been reported in smoking cessation treatment; however, we have limited evidence of online smoking cessation programs for HTP users.

OBJECTIVE

In this study, we evaluate the usefulness of the Ascure program for HTP users (defined as exclusive HTP use or dual use of HTP and cigarettes) compared with exclusive cigarette users.

METHODS

This was a retrospective study. We recruited adult smokers participating in the Ascure online smoking cessation program in Japan from June 2019 to February 2021. The Ascure smartphone app provided four elements: (1) educational video tutorials to enhance the understanding of nicotine dependence, (2) a personalized to-do list for behavior change, (3) a digital diary for record keeping, and (4) interactive chat sessions for relief from cravings or withdrawal symptoms. The primary outcome was the continuous abstinence rate (CAR) at weeks 21 to 24, biochemically validated using salivary cotinine testing. We considered those who dropped out of the program as smoking cessation failures. We analyzed the primary outcome using inverse probability weighting against tobacco product type estimated by multinomial propensity scores. We also assessed CAR at weeks 9 to 12 and program adherence.

RESULTS

We analyzed data from 2952 participants, including 52% (1524/3478) in the cigarette group, 35% (1038/3478) in the HTP group, and 13% (390/3478) in the dual-use group, who had a mean age of 43.4 (SD 10.8) years and included 17% (513/2952) women. CAR at weeks 21 to 24 showed that exclusive HTP users were more likely to stop tobacco use than exclusive cigarette smokers (CAR 52.6% for cigarette users vs CAR 64.8% for HTP users; odds ratio [OR] 1.17, 95% CI 1.12-1.22; P<.001). There was no significant difference between the exclusive cigarette users and the dual users (CAR 52.6% for cigarette users vs CAR 48.7% for dual users; OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.93-1.05; P=.77). CAR at weeks 9 to 12 was 56.7% (95% CI 54.2%-59.2%) for the exclusive cigarette users, 68.3% (95% CI 65.5%-71.1%) for the exclusive HTP users, and 58.2% (95% CI 53.3%-63.1%) for the dual users. The program adherence rate at week 24 was 70.7% overall (68.4% for cigarette users, 75% for HTP users, and 67.9% for dual users).

CONCLUSIONS

Exclusive HTP users had higher CARs and adherence compared with exclusive cigarette users, indicating a higher affinity for the Ascure online smoking cessation program. This program might be a useful smoking cessation option for HTP users, as well as for cigarette smokers.
Correction: A Text Messaging–Based Support Intervention to Enhance Pre-exposure Prophylaxis for HIV Prevention Adherence During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Mogaka Jerusha Nyabiage , Otieno Felix Abuna , Akim Eunita , Beima-Sofie Kristin , Dettinger Julia , Gomez Lauren , Marwa Mary , Odhiambo Ben , Ngure Kenneth , Ronen Keshet , Sharma Monisha , John-Stewart Grace , Richardson Barbra , Stern Joshua , Unger Jennifer , Udren Jenna , Watoyi Salphine , Pintye Jillian , Kinuthia John
Published: March 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

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Association between female sex and risk of incident systemic sclerosis: a Korean population-based study with subgroup analyses (Preprint)
Authors: Kwon Oh Chan , Han Kyungdo , Park Min-Chan
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disease with female preponderance. Although higher prevalence of SSc in women than in men is well-known, no studies have appropriately analyzed the risk of incident SSc according to sex, adjusting for potential confounders. Therefore, the risk association between female sex and incident SSc remains unclear.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to assess the association between female sex and risk of incident SSc, and to identify subsets of individuals in whom the risk difference according to sex is more prominent.

METHODS

An analysis of a Korean nationwide cohort of 9,894,996 individuals was conducted. All individuals were followed up from 2009 to 2019. Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the risk of incident SSc in women, using men as the reference. Subgroup analysis was conducted by stratifying individuals according to multiple covariates.

RESULTS

Female sex was significantly associated with a higher risk of incident SSc (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 5.275; 95% confidence interval, 4.346–6.403). The effect size of female sex was more pronounced in middle-aged individuals (aHR, 5.020 [<40 years] vs. 5.868 [40–64 years] vs. 2.734 [≥65 years]; p-interaction < .001); those without abdominal obesity (aHR, 5.863 vs. 3.658; p-interaction = .005); those who did not exercise regularly (aHR, 5.701 vs. 3.932; p-interaction = .030); and those without hypertension (aHR, 5.996 vs. 4.053; p-interaction = .010) or dyslipidemia (aHR, 5.857 vs. 3.330; p-interaction = .001).

CONCLUSIONS

Female sex was associated with a higher risk of incident SSc. The association was more prominent in middle-aged individuals, those without abdominal obesity, those who do not exercise regularly, and do not have hypertension or dyslipidemia. Closer surveillance for SSc could be helpful in these subsets of women.
App-based mindfulness passes the stress test: Attenuation of subjective and physiological stress reactivity in a population with elevated stress (Preprint)
Authors: Kirk Ulrich , Staiano Walter , Hu Emily A , Ngnoumen Christelle , Kunkle Sarah , Shih Emily , Clausel Alicia , Purvis Clare Kennedy , Lee Lauren
Published: March 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

Stress is accepted as a contributing factor to the onset of a range of adverse mental health disorders, including depression and anxiety. There is an urgent need for effective digital mental health interventions to address the adverse outcomes of stress-related disorders. Few studies have directly demonstrated the efficacy of app-based mindfulness interventions in populations with elevated stress levels. The current study examined if app-based guided mindfulness could improve subjective levels of stress and influence physiological markers of stress reactivity in a population with elevated symptoms of stress. The study included 163 participants who had moderate to high perceived stress (PSS-10, Perceived Stress Scale: 14-40). Participants were randomly allocated to 1 of 5 groups: a digital guided program designed to alleviate stress (Managing Stress), a digital mindfulness fundamentals course (Basics), digitally delivered breathing exercises, an active control intervention (audiobook), and a waitlist control group. The three formats of mindfulness interventions (Managing Stress, Basics, breathing) all had a total duration of 300 minutes spanning 20-30-days. Primary outcome measures were perceived stress using the PSS, self-reported sleep quality using the PSQI (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), and trait mindfulness using the MAAS (Mindful Attention Awareness Scale). To probe the effects of physiological stress, an acute stress manipulation task was included, specifically the cold pressor task (CPT). Heart rate variability (HRV) was collected before, during and after exposure to the CPT and used as a measure of physiological stress. The results showed that PSS and PSQI scores for the Managing Stress and Basics groups were significantly reduced from pre to post while no significant differences were reported for the other groups. The physiological results revealed that the Managing Stress and Basics groups displayed reduced physiological stress reactivity from pre to post before, during, and after the CPT. There were no significant differences reported for the other groups. Subgroup analyses stratified participants in the Basics and the Managing Stress by baseline stress levels using the median PSS score into either moderate or high stress. Only the Managing Stress subgroup showed improved PSS scores among high stress participants, while there was no significant difference in PSS reduction by subgroup for the Basics group. These results demonstrate efficacy of app-based mindfulness in a population with moderate to high stress on improving self-reported stress, sleep quality and physiological measures of stress during an acute stress manipulation task.
The Dynamics of Power Relations and Injunctive Norms on Child Participation in Development Planning
Authors: Ramadani Deden , Debora Imelda Johanna
Published: March 2023

DKI Jakarta is one of the provinces with many young people. Around 2.9 million people, or 29 percent of the total population in DKI Jakarta province, are children. Unfortunately, the involvement of children in development planning in DKI Jakarta is still challenging. This research uses a qualitative approach with in-depth interviews and FGD techniques with children who are members of children's forums, child beneficiaries, children's forum facilitators, and government officials. This study examines children's participation in the development planning process in three areas in DKI Jakarta through Musyawarah Perencanaan Pembangunan/Musrenbang (Regional Development Planning Consultation Forum). Furthermore, this research is intended to reveal the obstacles found in involving children in development planning. The study results indicate a dynamic of power relations between children and adults, making children unable to voice their opinions for development. In addition, injunctive norms make children's participation feel artificial and procedural. A more inclusive model of children's participation in development is needed for children in order to accelerate the achievement of the SDGs in the province.
Outcomes with Finerenone in Participants with Stage 4 CKD and Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Sarafidis Pantelis , Agarwal Rajiv , Pitt Bertram , Wanner Christoph , Filippatos Gerasimos , Boletis John , Tuttle Katherine R. , Ruilope Luis M. , Rossing Peter , Toto Robert , Anker Stefan D. , Liu Zhi-Hong , Joseph Amer , Ahlers Christiane , Brinker Meike , Lawatscheck Robert , Bakris George ,   on behalf of the FIDELIO-DKD and FIGARO-DKD Investigators
Published: March 2023

Background

Patients with stage 4 CKD and type 2 diabetes have limited treatment options to reduce their persistent cardiovascular and kidney risk. In Finerenone in Chronic Kidney Disease and Type 2 Diabetes (FIDELITY), a prespecified pooled analysis of Finerenone in Reducing Kidney Failure and Disease Progression in Diabetic Kidney Disease (FIDELIO-DKD) and Finerenone in Reducing Cardiovascular Mortality and Morbidity in Diabetic Kidney Disease (FIGARO-DKD), finerenone improved heart-kidney outcomes in participants with CKD and type 2 diabetes.

Methods

This FIDELITY subgroup analysis investigated the effects of finerenone in participants with stage 4 CKD (eGFR <30 ml/min per 1.73 m2). Efficacy outcomes included a cardiovascular composite (cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or hospitalization for heart failure) and a kidney composite (kidney failure, sustained ≥57% decrease in eGFR from baseline, or kidney disease death).

Results

Of 13,023 participants, 890 (7%) had stage 4 CKD. The hazard ratio for risk of cardiovascular composite outcome with finerenone versus placebo was 0.78 (95% confidence interval, 0.57 to 1.07). The kidney composite outcome proportional hazards assumption was not met for the overall study period, with a protective effect only shown up to 2 years, after which the direction of association was inconsistent, and an observed loss of precision over time incurred on finerenone versus placebo risk differences. Nonetheless, albuminuria and rate of eGFR decline were consistently reduced with finerenone versus placebo. Adverse events were balanced between treatment arms. Hyperkalemia was the most common adverse event reported (stage 4 CKD: 26% and 13% for finerenone versus placebo, respectively); however, the incidence of hyperkalemia leading to permanent discontinuation was low (stage 4 CKD: 3% and 2% for finerenone versus placebo, respectively).

Conclusions

The cardiovascular benefits and safety profile of finerenone in participants with stage 4 CKD were consistent with the overall FIDELITY population; this was also the case for albuminuria and the rate of eGFR decline. The effects on the composite kidney outcome were not consistent over time.
Analysis of Various Aspects of Moonlighting
Authors: Gulati Monika
Published: March 2023

Human resource is considered as the important asset for any organisation. As the economy is growing and expanding itself to be in the global competitive era, attracting and maintaining human resource is a challenge for the business management. As a result of remote work and inflation, some workers have begun moonlighting, working secondary jobs either to make ends meet or to earn a little extra spending money. Recent years have seen an increase in the number of people holding multiple jobs. In addition to their primary job, they have been doing extra work with other employers for extra pay. The focus of the employer must not be banning employees from moonlighting rather than focusing on preventing any conflict of interest. This paper tries to analyse various aspects of moonlighting in detail.
COMPARISON OF ETOMIDATE AND PROPOFOL AS INDUCTION AGENTS IN MODIFIED ELECTROCONVULSIVE THERAPY
Authors: SHARMA TEJASVINI , MAKKER ROBINA , RANJAN PRITISH , KYIZOM TENZIN , GARG SHOBIT
Published: March 2023

Objective: The aim of the study was to compare the effects of induction agents Propofol and Etomidate on hemodynamic parameters (Heart rate, Systolic Blood Pressure, Diastolic Blood pressure, and mean arterial pressure) in modified electroconvulsive therapy (ECT).
Methods: It was a prospective, randomized, and double-blinded study. The present study was conducted in the Department of Anaesthesiology at our tertiary care multispeciality referral hospital, Shri Guru Ram Rai Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, Patel Nagar, Dehradun. A total of 80 adult patients in the age group 20–50 years belonging to American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I and II were included in the study. They were randomly allocated to Group I (Propofol) and Group II (Etomidate), with 40 patients in each group. The duration of the study was September 2018–February 2020.
Results: Both Etomidate and Propofol have been proposed as good induction agents to be used for ECT, but each has its own merits and demerits. Propofol leads to a significantly shorter seizure duration as compared to Etomidate. Propofol has the advantage of having rapid and smooth recovery as compared to Etomidate. Recovery criteria in terms of return to spontaneous respiration, consciousness, and fully responding were statistically significant between the two drug groups (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Propofol has the advantage of having rapid and smooth recovery as compared to Etomidate. Minimum side effects were seen in both groups. Subseizure was seen with the Propofol group more than Etomidate. Hence, we conclude that Etomidate is a better induction agent as compared to Propofol in modified ECT.
A STUDY ON RISK FACTORS AND CLINICAL PROFILE OF ANEMIA AMONG CHILDREN AGED 6 MONTHS–60 MONTHS AT A TERTIARY CARE CENTER IN TAMILNADU
Authors: K KAYALVIZHI , V ANANDH RAJ , N ADALARASAN , K THILAKAVATHI
Published: March 2023

Objectives: Anemia is an alarming health problem worldwide. Although it occurs in all age groups, children are more severely affected. The prevalence of anemia in children under 5 years in Tamil Nadu was 57.4% in 2021. This study aims to identify risk factors and clinical profile of anemia among children aged 6–60 months.
Methods: This cross-sectional and observational study was carried out from January to December 2021. Children with newly diagnosed anemia were included while chronic anemia and secondary anemia were excluded from the study. A detailed history was recorded and relevant investigations were completed in a pre-structured proforma. SPSS software version 23 was used for statistical analysis. Pearson’s correlation and ANOVA were used for analysis and p<0.005 was considered significant.
Results: Among the 260 children included in the study, 51.9% were between 13 months and 36 months, 61.5% were males, 38.1% belonged to upper lower socioeconomic status, 86.2% were born at term, 70.1% were introduced to cow’s milk at 6–12 months, most of the children had anthropometric range in 3rd–50th percentile, 55.3% had PICA, pallor was seen in all children, hematological indices were low (p<0.005), and 83.8% had microcytic hypochromic picture in peripheral smear.
Conclusion: Iron deficiency anemia is a preventable cause of cognitive impairment and prompt interventions at the earliest will prevent morbidity and mortality secondary to anemia. Strategy to address poverty and awareness campaign to women on breastfeeding and better nutrition by policy makers can make a difference in preventing anemia in children.
TO STUDY THE EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT TIMING OF DELAYED CORD CLAMPING ALONG WITH MILKING ON HAEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN NEWBORNS - A RANDOMIZED CONTROL TRIAL
Authors: PILANIA PRATIBHA , MAHALA URMILA , PRAKASH OM
Published: March 2023

Objectives: Evaluation of the hematological parameter in newborn by delayed cord clamping at 60 s and at 180 s. Comparison of the improvement in hematological parameters, that is, hemoglobin and serum ferritin in newborn by both methods.
Methods: This was randomized, controlled, and comparative study conducted during April 2021 to February 2022 at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, SMS Medical College, Jaipur. The study included sample size of 60 cases (30 cases in each group). 60 cases were randomly allocated to either 60 s (Group A) or 180 s (Group B) groups of delayed cord clamping. The study included all singleton pregnant women >34 weeks of gestational age.
Results: Mean hemoglobin±standard deviation of neonate at birth for Group A was13.53±0.56 g/dL and for Group B it was 13.85±0.55 g/dL. Mean hemoglobin ± standard deviation at 6 month for Group A was 13.19±0.53 g/dL and for Group B was 13.53±0.55 g/dL. Mean serum ferritin±standard deviation of infant at for Group A was 12.46±0.45% and for Group B was 12.86±0.55%.
Conclusion: Neonatal hemoglobin and serum ferritin were significantly higher in180 s delayed cord clamping as compared to 60 s delayed cord clamping group.
DEVELOPMENT AND IN VITRO EVALUATION OF PHYTOSOMES OF ELLAGIC ACID
Authors: B JEEVANA JYOTHI , K RAMYA
Published: March 2023

Objectives: The main objective of the present work is to enhance the bioavailability of ellagic acid (EA) by increasing its dissolution there by allowing for the exploitation of its therapeutic effects.
Methods: Phytosomes containing EA were prepared by anti-solvent precipitation method. The prepared phytosomes were evaluated for drug entrapment efficiency, in vitro drug release, and drug excipient interaction studies.
Results: Formulation F2 containing EA and soya lecithin in the ratio (1:2) showed highest percentage of drug release as 85.40% in 60 min and 95.86% in 120 min. The drug entrapment efficiency values were satisfactory. There were no interactions between the drug and the excipients used in its preparation according to Fourier-transform infrared spectra of pure EA and EA phytosomes.
Conclusion: Phytosomes of EA were successfully produced by anti-solvent precipitation method and the percentage drug entrapment efficiency was satisfactory in almost all formulations. Formulation F2 exhibited highest percent of drug release as 85.40% in 60 min and 95.86% in 120 min to possess optimum bioavailability.
COMPARATIVO DE CUSTOS DE CONSTRUÇÃO DE UMA UNIDADE DE CONJUNTO HABITACIONAL COM USO DE ALVENARIA ESTRUTURAL E PAINÉIS PRÉ-FABRICADOS
Authors: Marques Ramon , Schmitz Rebeca Jéssica
Published: March 2023

O crescimento populacional nas grandes cidades colaborou para a criação dos Conjuntos Habitacionais (COHAB) na década de 1920, compostos por edificações unifamiliares caracterizadas por não possuírem uma metragem quadrada superior a 70 m². Estas habitações populares, inicialmente, eram construídas somente em concreto armado, por aspectos culturais e pela não necessidade de mão de obra especializada. Entretanto, com o passar dos anos, com a necessidade de aumentar a produtividade na construção, buscou-se métodos executivos alternativos. Dentro desse contexto, esse trabalho tem por objetivo traçar um comparativo de custos e tempo de execução entre os sistemas construtivos de alvenaria estrutural e estrutura em painéis pré-fabricados aplicados a uma edificação unifamiliar popular de 52,25 m². Foram elaborados projetos básicos para a extração dos quantitativos de materiais e serviços. A orçamentação destes quantitativos foi através da tabela desonerada do mês de maio de 2021 do Sistema Nacional de Pesquisa de Custos e Índices da Construção Civil (SINAPI) e pesquisa de mercado com fornecedores no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Desse modo, o custo total para o sistema de alvenaria estrutural resultou em R$ 114.748,94 e R$ 160.592,32 e para as estruturas em painéis pré-fabricados. O tempo de obra resultou em 30 dias a menos para este sistema. Portanto, o sistema mais vantajoso em custo material foi a alvenaria estrutural e o mais vantajoso em custo mão de obra foi as estruturas em painéis pré-fabricados. Estas diferenças representaram uma economia de 35,15% e 6,15% de seus custos totais em material e em mão de obra.
ANÁLISE COMPARATIVA ENTRE LIGHT STEEL FRAME E CONCRETO ARMADO COM ALVENARIA DE VEDAÇÃO EM RESIDÊNCIA DE ALTO PADRÃO NA SERRA GAÚCHA
Authors: Brugalli Júlia , Schmitz Rebeca Jéssica
Published: March 2023

No setor da construção civil, a implementação de inovação tecnológica, racionalização dos métodos utilizados e aumento da produtividade, são fatores diretamente associados à sustentabilidade. O método Light Steel Frame (LSF) vai de encontro a essa filosofia de projeto. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho compara, no âmbito de custo e tempo de execução, os métodos construtivos LSF e concreto armado com alvenaria de vedação para uma residência unifamiliar de alto padrão, atualmente executada em LSF, na cidade de Bento Gonçalves, Rio Grande do Sul. A fim de possibilitar as análises, a condição da estrutura em concreto armado da residência foi modelada no software TQS. Foram realizados orçamentos para ambos os métodos construtivos, tomando como base valores atualizados de mercado e da planilha SINAPI (março de 2021). Paralelamente à análise comparativa, foi aplicado questionário, a fim de avaliar a compreensão e interesse de adesão ao sistema LSF pela amostra residente na Serra Gaúcha. A partir do questionário, foi possível identificar forte relação cultural à resistência em aderir a novas tecnologias construtivas. Resistência esta que pode ser minimizada, visto o menor custo em construir em LSF, apresentando redução de 5,04% no custo da obra, além de redução de 31,53% no tempo necessário para a execução. Desta forma, acredita-se que, à medida em que um sistema se mostra vantajoso no quesito custo e tempo de execução, além de garantir um bom desempenho da edificação, os fatores culturais tendem a ser alterados com o passar do tempo.
Conformable special curves in Euclidean 3-space
Authors: Has Aykut , Yılmaz Beyhan , Akkurt Abdullah , Yıldırım Hüseyin
Published: March 2023

In this study, the effect of fractional derivatives on curves, whose
application area is increasing day by day, is investigated. While
investigating this effect, the conformable fractional derivative, which best
suits the algebraic structure of differential geometry, is selected. As a
result, many special curves and Frenet frame previously obtained using
classical derivatives have been redefined with the help of conformable
fractional derivatives.
Cavitation resistance of the material PA 3200 GF produced by selective laser sintering
Authors: Dojcinovic Marina , Eric-Cekic Olivera , Svetel Igor , Ciric-Kostic Snezana , Bogojevic Nebojsa
Published: March 2023

The present study focuses on the results of cavitation resistance research of samples obtained by the Selective Laser Sintering technology. The samples were made from polyamide powder reinforced with glass beads ? PA 3200 GF. The laser-sintered samples were produced from 100% new and recycled powder mixed with 70% of new powder. The samples were tested under cavitation conditions using an ultrasonic vibration method with a stationary sample according to the ASTM G32 standard. Examination of the morphology of cavitation damage was investigated by scanning electron microscopy. The change in mass loss during different cavitation times was measured on the tested samples. The main objective of the research was to determine the validity of the application of the tested material in cavitation conditions.
Influence of mechanical stimuli and zoledronic acid on the femoral morfology in rats with obesity and limited mobility models
Authors: Kostyshyn N.M. , Lopatenko I.V. , Serkiz R. , Zhyla M.I.
Published: March 2023

The aim. Investigate the long-term effect of WBV and bisphosphonate (zoledronic acid) on the morphological structure and mineral density of the rat femora. Materials and methods. Rats were divided into control and three experimental groups: I - experimental group - high-calorie diet + limited mobility (HCD + LM), II - experimental group - HCD + LM + whole body vibration (WBV 3 m/s2). III - experimental group - HCD + LM + administration of zoledronic acid (HCD + LM + Zol. at a dose of 0.025 mg / kg). Bone mineral density determination, scanning electron microscopy of trabecular meshwork and immunohistological examination were performed. Results. The application of the model of a high-calorie diet with limited mobility leads to the loss of the mineral component of trabeculae up to 16.2%. The trabecular layer thinned to 13.9% compared to the control group, and the intertrabecular spaces expanded. Under the influence of whole-body vibration, there was an increase in BMD in the femora compared to the group HCD + LM, and bone density remained at the control level until the 16th week of the experiment. In group III, the rate of bone formation increased, the ratio of bone to trabecular volume was significantly higher compared to the group HCD + LM. Starting from the 8th week, it increased by 8.1% and 13% at the end of the experiment, respectively.Conclusions. A high-calorie diet with limited mobility reduces the mineral density of the trabeculae in the femoral bone. Zoledronic acid effectively improves mineralization but leads to impairment of the morphology of the bone growth plate. The research results indicate that WBV can be an effective non-pharmacological method of maintaining bone health in young people.
Unlocking the Potential of Translanguaging: Teachers’ perspectives to Maximize Learner Outcomes
Authors: Nasser Moafa Ruqayyah
Published: March 2023

That First Language (L1) facilitates Foreign Language Learning is a debatable issue in the field of language pedagogy. This field has evidence for and against using L1 in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classrooms, showing positive and negative learning outcomes. Behind this controversy, the current study investigates teachers’ attitudes regarding using L1 in EFL classrooms in Saudi contexts and whether or not language teachers think it aids or improves students’ performance. The study sought to provide teachers of EFL with a perspective on monolingual and Translanguaging approaches. Thus, it investigated how English language instructors at Saudi universities view the role of Arabic in English language learning/teaching. The data were collected through questionnaires, class observation, and interviews. The participants were 104 teachers of English from different Saudi Universities with varied ethnic backgrounds, and subsequently, three participants were chosen to observe their classes twice and, afterward, follow-up semi-structured interviews. The data from the questionnaire was submitted to SPSS for data analysis, and the data from the interviews were transcribed and analyzed manually with the assistance of computational devices. A classroom observation checklist was used to triangulate the findings of the questionnaire. This study indicated that teachers believe frequent English exposure is the best way to teach it. In addition, the study suggests that the L1 is useful for explicit learning and reduces anxiety, thereby assisting students in adjusting to the Foreign Language environment.
Teaching Critical Media Literacy to Fight Fake News in Moroccan Higher Education: Focus on Facebook and YouTube
Authors: Er-raid Ouahiba , Chouari Ahmed
Published: March 2023

Since the appearance of COVID-19, there has been a global concern over the unprecedented spread of fake news on social media. In Morocco, social networks have become principal tools for spreading a vast array of fake news on different events, namely those connected to COVID-19. The large spread of fake news also made teaching Critical Media Literacy a must today to fight its devastating effects in countries where it is still primarily ignored, namely at the university level. Therefore, the main aim of this study is to explore the types of fake news posts Moroccan university students are exposed to on Facebook and YouTube and to examine the pedagogies Moroccan teachers use to teach Critical Media Literacy in higher education to combat fake news. A short survey, semi-structured interviews, and teaching materials were used to collect data on Moroccan university students’ exposition o fake news and the strategies Moroccan teachers use to effectively teach Critical Media Literacy. The findings showed that Moroccan students were frequently exposed to various fake news posts on different issues and were not equipped with enough tools to spot fake news on social networks. Moroccan university teachers also faced adverse challenges in implementing adequate pedagogies to enhance Critical Media Literacy.
Las fundaciones, la financiación extranjera y las ciencias sociales: lo que sabemos
Authors: Turner Stephen
Published: March 2023

A través de una serie de casos históricos y análisis cuantitativos, los trabajos presentados en este número de Estudios Sociológicos abordan cuestiones fundamentales sobre las consecuencias políticas del financiamiento extranjero de las ciencias sociales. En conjunto, estos trabajos ilustran la paradoja inherente a la financiación de la vida intelectual: el poder de los donantes depende de la legitimidad y, por lo tanto, de la independencia de los donatarios. La cuestión es compleja porque los beneficiarios, que pueden operar como “Estados tapón”, tienen objetivos distintos de los de los donantes. En este marco, los donantes que financiaron proyectos en América Latina tuvieron dificultades para encontrar socios que consideraran fiables, así como para cooptar instituciones influyentes. Asimismo, se toparon con variadas resistencias. Los donantes practicaron por ello dos estrategias básicas para adaptarse a las circunstancias locales: el apoyo a instituciones ya existentes preferido por la Fundación Rockefeller, por un lado, y el desarrollo de think tanks elegido por la Fundación Ford, por el otro. Aun cuando los objetivos de los donantes reflejaban, en parte, las preocupaciones de la Guerra Fría, el resultado de su accionar fue un cierto pluralismo intelectual.
VILLAGE FUND ACCOUNTING: ACCOUNTABILITY BASED SIRI’ NA PACCE IN REALIZING SUSTAINABLE VILLAGE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Manrimawagau Bayan Andi Yustika , Haliah  , Kusumawati Andi
Published: March 2023

Abstrac, Demands for accountability not only on central and local governments, but village governments also have same obligation in realizing accountable government. This study aims to see the accountability of village fund financial management in terms of siri'na pacce culture for sustainable village development. This research is a literature review, descriptive analysis. The result of this study is the implementation of village finances must be carried out effectively and efficiently, transparently and responsibly. To carry out this responsibility, agent directs all his abilities and expertise while sticking to cultural values of his region to produce quality financial information reports that can be trusted by the community. The contribution of cultural values in sustainable village development is the value of lempu' and ada' tongeng. The value of lempu' becomes a dimension of empowerment in the perception of responsibility which has a very meaning in relation to honesty. Ada' tongeng is seen as necessary as a code of conduct for the government to serve to maintain truth, validity and reliability in carrying out things.

Abstrak, Dewasa ini tuntutan akuntabilitas tidak hanya pada pemerintah pusat maupun daerah saja, tetapi pemerintah desa juga memiliki kewajiban yang sama dalam  mewujudkan pemerintahan yang akuntabel. Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat akuntabilitas pengelolaan keuangan dana desa dari sisi budaya siri’na pacce untuk pembangunan desa yang berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini merupakan literature review, bersifat analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu penyelenggaraan keuangan desa harus dilaksanakan secara efektif dan efisien, transparan dan bertanggung-jawab. Untuk melaksanakan tanggungjawab tersebut maka agen mengarahkan semua kemampuan dan keahliannya dengan tetap berpegang teguh pada nilai-nilai budaya daerahnya untuk menghasilkan laporan informasi keuangan yang berkualitas dan dapat dipercaya oleh masyarakat. Kontribusi nilai budaya dalam pembangunan desa yang berkelanjutan yakni nilai lempu’ dan ada’ tongeng. Nilai lempu’ menjadi dimensi pemberdayaan dalam persepsi tanggung jawab yang memiliki makna sangat dalam kaitannya dengan kejujuran. Ada’ tongeng dipandang perlu sebagai kode perilaku bagi pemerintah berfungsi untuk menjaga kebenaran, kevalidan dan keandalan dalam melaksanakan sesuatu.
Root Dilaceration: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Jin Carrol , Skilbeck Michael , Low Ana , Lin Wei , Au Carmen , Mei Li
Published: March 2023

The clinical management of impacted incisors affected by root dilaceration is challenging. This case report presents the treatment of an adolescent female patient who presented with a deeply impacted, rotated and dilacerated maxillary central incisor and also reviews the current literature on the definition, prevalence, aetiology, diagnosis, and treatment of the anomaly. The impacted and dilacerated incisor was successfully orthodontically treated following a two-stage surgical exposure and after being rotated 100 degrees in the sagittal plane (due to the deep impaction and severe displacement). A Ballista spring and piggyback appliance technique were used to elevate the tooth. The dilacerated incisor was successfully preserved and relocated in the dental arch. The pre-operative and post-operative CBCT scans showed no significant root resorption of the repositioned tooth.
Power, Stress, and Uncertainty: Experiences with and Attitudes toward Workplace Surveillance During a Pandemic
Authors: Vitak Jessica , Zimmer Michael
Published: March 2023

There is a rich literature on technology’s role in facilitating employee monitoring in the workplace. The COVID-19 pandemic created many challenges for employers, and many companies turned to new forms of monitoring to ensure remote workers remained productive; however, these technologies raise important privacy concerns as the boundaries between work and home are further blurred. In this paper, we present findings from a study of 645 US workers who spent at least part of 2020 working remotely due to the pandemic. We explore how their work experiences (job satisfaction, stress, and security) changed between January and November 2020, as well as their attitudes toward and concerns about being monitored. Findings support anecdotal evidence that the pandemic has had an uneven effect on workers, with women reporting more negative effects on their work experiences. In addition, while nearly 40% of workers reported their employer began using new surveillance tools during the pandemic, a significant percentage were unsure, suggesting there is confusion or a lack of transparency regarding how new policies are communicated to staff. We consider these findings in light of prior research and discuss the benefits and drawbacks of various approaches to minimize surveillance-related worker harms.