bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Management of Psychiatric Disorders in Patients with Endocrine Disorders
Authors: Mishra Kshirod Kumar , Sawant Neena , Garg Shobit
Published: March 2022

The neuropsychiatric symptoms and disorders among endocrine disorders are discussed in the context of current global and local epidemiological data. Neuropsychiatric symptoms, clinical differentials in hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, and parathyroid disorders, and relevant management protocols are described. HPT axis and its interaction with psychotropic usage are mentioned. Stress diathesis, depression, anxiety disorders, and severe mental illnesses and their respective association with diabetes, the relevant mechanisms, and management protocols are stated. The metabolic syndrome, its definition, and its relationship to psychotropic usage are laid out. Moreso, best clinical practices for scenarios such as hyperprolactinemia and psychiatric illnesses, and steroid-induced psychosis are mentioned.
Is the temperamental trait of high persistence protective in siblings? – A comparative, exploratory study of healthy siblings, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder probands
Authors: Chauhan Nidhi , Shah Ruchita , Padhy Susanta , Malhotra Savita , Kohli Adarsh
Published: March 2022

Background:

Study of temperament in first-degree relatives is an important line of inquiry to substantiate temperament as an etiological marker.

Aim:

This study aims to compare temperament in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and their healthy siblings and to assess the association between ADHD symptoms and temperament dimensions in healthy siblings.

Settings and Design:

The study was carried out in the outpatient department of psychiatry in a tertiary care teaching hospital. A cross-sectional design with nonprobabilistic sampling technique was used for data collection.

Materials and Methods:

A hundred children (50 children with ADHD and 50 siblings-one for each child with ADHD) were assessed retrospectively on temperament measurement schedule (TMS) and conners parent rating scale-revised: short form (CPRS-R: S).

Statistical Analysis:

IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 20.0 was used for statistical analysis. Mean and standard deviation and frequency and percentage were computed for continuous and categorical variables, respectively. Student’s t-test was computed to compare means of the two groups and regression analysis was computed to see for the variance in ADHD subscale scores explained by temperament scores on TMS.

Results:

Siblings scored highest on the intensity of reaction and lowest on threshold of responsiveness. Compared to probands, siblings scored significantly higher on persistence and lower on activity level, even after controlling for gender. Persistence trait had a significant negative correlation with and explained 7.4% to 21% of variance of all CPRS-R: S subscales. Persistence and distractibility together explained 23.2% of inattention scores.

Conclusion:

Higher persistence in siblings appears to offer protection to these at-risk individuals who do not have ADHD; favoring the dual pathway model of ADHD.
Evaluation of olfactory bulb volume and olfactory sulcus depth in patients with panic disorder and depressive disorder: An MRI study
Authors: Cengiz Gül Ferda , Serin Halil İbrahim , Cengiz Ceyhun
Published: March 2022

Background:

Although some studies have shown decreases in the olfactory bulb (OB) volume and olfactory function in depressive disorder, there are no studies investigating OB volume in patients with panic disorder.

Aim:

The aim of this study was to investigate whether there was a change in OB volume and olfactory sulcus (OS) depth in patients with panic and depressive disorder when compared with the control group, and which group was more affected by comparing the two disease groups.

Methods:

Data of 51 patients with panic disorder and 56 patients with depressive disorder were obtained by scanning the database of the hospital retrospectively. The control group consisted of 56 subjects without panic and depressive disorder. OB volume and OS depth measurements were performed on cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Results:

Bilateral OB volume of the panic and depressive disorder groups were significantly lower than those of the control group. The lowest volume was found in depressive patients. There was no significant difference between the groups with respect to OS measurements. When OB volume and OS depth differences between the genders were evaluated, a statistically significant difference was not determined.

Conclusion:

Reduced OB volume was determined in both panic and depressive disorder patients, and clarification of these preliminary findings may contribute to the pathophysiology of panic and depressive disorders.
A quantitative study on completeness rate of documentation in psychiatric medical records
Authors: Ebnehoseini Zahra , Khorasani Hediye , Moharari Fatemeh , Ebrahimi Ali Reza , Boroujerdi Masoumeh , Jamei Fatemeh , Mehri Mohammad Reza , Tabesh Hamed
Published: March 2022

Background:

Mental disorders are one of the leading causes of illness and disability worldwide. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), one in four people in the world will be affected by mental or neurological disorders during their lifetime. Regular evaluation of mental health outcomes plays an important role in making decisions about timely treatment of the patient. Studies show that a medical record does not provide enough information about the diagnosis, current symptoms, psychiatric medications, and side effects of current medications and treatments for ongoing health care. In this study, the completeness of paper-based psychiatric records was investigated.

Aim:

The current study aimed to explore the completeness rate of paper-based psychiatric medical records (PMRs) and to investigate the factors effective on documentation status.

Setting:

The study was conducted in Ebnesina and Dr. Hejazi Psychiatric Hospital and Education Center. The case hospital is a psychiatric teaching hospital, which has 900 beds.

Materials and Methods:

The completeness rate of PMRs was determined using descriptive statistics. Fleiss’ Kappa agreement and effective factors on PMRs’ documentation status were assessed.

Results:

In total, 83.65% (n = 312) of the PMRs had at least one documentation defect. A significantly higher level of documentation completeness rate between different psychiatric wards was observed.

Conclusion:

Based on our results, it is suggested to conduct regular evaluation and provide feedback to the health-care providers, and conduct training courses.
Six-month buprenorphine-naloxone treatment is associated with neurocognitive function improvement in opioid dependence
Authors: Ghosh Abhishek , Mahintamani Tathagata , Rana Devender K. , Basu Debasish , Mattoo Surendra K.
Published: March 2022

Background and Aim:

The number of longitudinal studies on cognitive functions in patients on buprenorphine-based agonist treatment is limited. Our objective was to assess the change in neurocognitive functions over the first 6 months of buprenorphine-naloxone (BNX) treatment for opioid dependence (OD) and compare cognitive functions on BNX and controls.

Methods:

We selected 60 patients with OD aged 18 to 55 years and 20 sex-matched controls; and excluded patients with other substance dependence, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), head injury, epilepsy, and severe mental illness. We assessed patients thrice: at baseline, 3, and 6 months and Controls once. Cognitive tests included Wisconsin card sorting test (WCST), Iowa gambling task (IGT), trail making tests A and B (TMT-A and B), verbal and visual N-back test (NBT), and standard progressive matrices (SPM). We measured with-in group effect size with Cohen’s D (d).

Results:

A total of 24 participants completed at least one follow-up; 17 completed both follow-up assessments. All participants were men. At baseline, the patients performed worse than healthy controls in IGT, TMT-A, and B, and visual and verbal NBT. At 3 months, the performance of visual NBT improved significantly (d = 1.2 for NBT1; 1.3 for NBT2). At 6 months, additional performance improvements were seen in WCST (“perseverative error” d = 1.2), IGT (“net total score” d = 1.2), TMT-A (d = 1.1), and verbal NBT (“omission error” d = 1.7). Except for visual-NBT, results did not differ between patients and controls at both follow-ups.

Conclusion:

Cognitive flexibility, decision making, attention, working memory, and psychomotor speed showed improvements over 6 months of a stable dose of BNX.
Impact of cancer diagnosis on use of smokeless tobacco: A descriptive study of patient-relative dyads
Authors: Shukla Avinash , Tikka Sai Krishna , Singh Lokesh K. , Arora Ripudaman , Singh Sharda , Mahant Supriya , Das Jyoti Ranjan , Verma Sachin
Published: March 2022

Background:

The time of cancer diagnosis is considered as a teaching moment with regard to tobacco cessation.

Aim:

In view of the limited studies focussing on smokeless tobacco (SLT), we aimed to assess the patterns of SLT use, attitudes toward SLT use in the context of cancer diagnosis, and factors associated with quitting SLT in dyads consisting newly diagnosed patients with head and neck cancers and their relatives.

Material and Method:

A total of 106 such dyads were assessed on cross-sectional study design. The patients included in the study were above 18 years of age of either sex with a recent (i.e., <6 months) diagnosis of head and neck (lip, tongue, mouth, oropharynx, hypopharynx, pharynx, and larynx) cancer (HNC), not having undergone any surgical intervention for the same and having used SLT for at least 6 months continuously prior to diagnosis of HNC. For each patient, one family member who was aged 18 years or above and lived for at least past 1 year with the patient was included.

Result:

We found that 60.4% of patients and 6.53% of relatives quit SLT use after the diagnosis of cancer. However, motivation to quit was greater despite continued SLT use, in both patients and relatives. Reasonable number of patients and relatives reported awareness regarding health warnings and long-term consequences of SLT use on cancer. For patients, use of only one form of SLT, presence of 2 or more males in the family using SLT, and presence of another tobacco-related medical disorder in the family were significantly higher in those who quit.

Conclusion:

The diagnosis of cancer might indeed act as a “teaching moment” for many users but this effect is not extendable on to their relatives.
Prevalence and its correlates of anxiety disorders from India’s National Mental Health Survey 2016
Authors: Manjunatha Narayana , Jayasankar Pavithra , Suhas Satish , Rao Girish N. , Gopalkrishna Gururaj , Varghese Mathew , Benegal Vivek ,   NMHS National Collaborators Group
Published: March 2022

Introduction:

Anxiety disorders (ADs) impact the quality of life and productivity at an individual level and result in substantial loss of national income. Representative epidemiological studies estimating the burden of ADs are limited in India. National Mental Health Survey (NMHS) 2016 of India aimed to strengthen mental health services across India assessed the prevalence and pattern of public health priority mental disorders for mental health-care policy and implementation. This article focuses on the current prevalence, sociodemographic correlates, disability, and treatment gap in ADs in the adult population of NMHS 2016.

Materials and Methods:

NMHS 2016 was a nationally representative, multicentered study across 12 Indian states during 2014–2016. Diagnosis of ADs (generalized AD, panic disorder, agoraphobia, and social AD) was based on Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview 6.0.0. Disability was by Sheehan’s Disability Scale.

Results:

The current weighted prevalence of ADs was 2.57% (95% confidence interval: 2.54–2.60). Risk factors identified were female gender, 40–59 age group, and urban metro dwellers. Around 60% suffered from the disability of varying severity. The overall treatment gap for ADs was 82.9%.

Conclusions:

The burden of AD is similar to Depressive disorders, and this article calls for the immediate attention of policymakers to institute effective management plans in existing public health programs.
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Complicating Scrub Typhus in Pregnancy
Authors: Kumar Amit , Tanwar Shweta , Gupta Sudhish , Chetiwal Rajesh
Published: March 2022

Scrub typhus is caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi (formerly Rickettsia) and is transmitted to humans by an arthropod vector of the Trombiculidae family. Recent reports suggest that there has been resurgence of rickettsial infections in the Indian subcontinent. As the clinical features of scrub typhus are nonspecific and closely mimic that of other tropical infections, its diagnosis is often delayed or missed. It may cause serious complications such as myocarditis, meningoencephalitis, acute renal failure, acute liver failure, pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), disseminated intravascular coagulation, and multiorgan dysfunction syndrome. Early diagnosis is important because the response to treatment is excellent and may help prevent complications. Here, we report a case of scrub typhus in a pregnant woman complicated by ARDS; however, timely diagnosis and institution of therapy helped save two precious lives.
Artesunate-Induced Vasculitis in an Empirically Treated Patient with Febrile Illness
Authors: Sud Ritika , Chhabra Ridhi , Aggarwal Niharika , Gupta Lalit Kumar
Published: March 2022

A 55-year-old female presented to the emergency department with maculopapular rashes involving whole body following administration of intravenous artesunate for an acute febrile illness. Leukocytoclastic vasculitis (LCV) was diagnosed with the help of a biopsy, and causes for the condition other than drug induced were investigated and ruled out. Almost 10% of the LCV cases are caused by drugs; however, a literature search did not reveal any documented case of Artesunate-induced vasculitis. We suggest that patients on Artesunate therapy should be monitored for signs and symptoms of LCV.
Mortality in Dermatology
Authors: Bhandare Prachi , Navya Annam , Ghodge Rakhi , Shukla Pankaj , Gupta Taruna
Published: March 2022

Introduction:

Contrary to the general perception that the field of dermatology rarely encounters managing critical patients and dealing with mortality, severe and extensive dermatological conditions can be lethal in the absence of timely intervention.

Aims and Objectives:

The aim was to study in detail regarding the deaths and the various factors associated with it in patients admitted with dermatological conditions in a tertiary care center over a period of 10 years.

Materials and Methods:

It was a retrospective, record-based, observational study over a period of 10 years (2011–2021) in a tertiary care hospital consisting of 49 cases. After obtaining institutional ethical clearance, the information was obtained from medical records section. The relevant details of patients were entered in a specially formulated proforma.

Results:

A total of 3491 patients were admitted to the Department of Dermatology, Goa Medical College, during the study period of 10 years from January 2011 to August 2021. Among these, 49 patients succumbed to their skin condition, with an overall mortality percentage of 1.4%. Drug reactions were the most commonly encountered diagnosis in 17 patients (34.69%) which was closely followed by vesiculobullous disorders with 14 (28.57%) cases and infections in 10 (20.40%) cases.

Conclusion:

Drug reactions, vesiculobullous disease, and infections were the main causes of mortality in our series of patients. Extensive skin and mucosal involvement, multisystem involvement, declining age, delay in treatment received, and onset of sepsis were some of the major factors contributing to mortality. In our study, a high proportion of 46.93% of the patients were above the age of 60 years, out of which 56.52% had vesiculobullous disease. Hence, a special focus on geriatric dermatology deserves attention, especially in tertiary care centers.
Mucormycosis in the Setting of the Covid-19 Pandemic in Patients Without Exposure to Steroids and Oxygen
Authors: Gautam Sachin , Daga Mradul Kumar , Mawari Govind , Kumar Naresh , Rohatgi Ishan , Hussain Maryam , Ramteke Vaishali Vinod , Garg Sandeep , Kumar Suresh , Singh Sarika , Singh Ishwar
Published: March 2022

Background:

Sudden surge of mucormycosis cases in India needs an urgent attention as multiple factors have been implicated. However, diabetes mellitus remains to be one of the most important and modifiable factors.

Methodology:

We prospectively followed 11 patients with mucormycosis in May 2021 and June 2021, admitted to our hospital to study the possible etiologies.

Results:

Out of the 11 patients, six were males and five were females, with an average age of 52.45 years. Type 2 diabetes mellitus was the ubiquitous comorbidity, and every patient presented with uncontrolled hyperglycemia (six out of them were in diabetic ketoacidosis). Glycated hemoglobin levels ranged from 10.2% to 15.1%. Out of 11 patients, four patients were non-COVID, whereas five patients had a history of COVID-19 infection. All these five post COVID-19 patients presented approximately 20 days after recovery, out of which one patient had severe infection who was hospitalized. The remaining two patients were COVID-19-positive. Out of 11 patients, 10 patients had rhino-orbital mucormycosis at presentation, among which four patients had cerebral involvement, and one out of them later developed invasive disease. However, one patient had only pulmonary mucormycosis at presentation. Serum ferritin was raised in all the patients, and six had serum zinc levels below the reference range. Serum flow cytometry showed leukopenia with normal CD4:CD8 ratio in seven patients. In the clinical outcome, six patients expired, whereas five patients responded to the treatment and were discharged on oral posaconazole therapy.

Conclusion:

From our study, it is quite evident that uncontrolled diabetes and its complications such as diabetic ketoacidosis were an important risk factor for the occurrence of mucormycosis in COVID-19 patients as well as non-COVID-19 patients, even without exposure to steroids or oxygen. Thus, blood glucose levels should be kept at optimum level during the management of COVID-19 patients.
Clinical Course of Children with Campylobacter Gastroenteritis With and Without Co-Infection in Lima, Peru
Authors: Munoz Galo Amaro , Riveros-Ramirez Maribel Denise , Chea-Woo Elsa , Ochoa Theresa J.
Published: March 2022

This study describes the clinical course of gastroenteritis caused by Campylobacter spp. as a single-infection versus coinfection and the corresponding changes that occur according to the treatment received, in children between 12 and 24 months of age. This descriptive study is based on the data of a pediatric cohort conducted between 2008 and 2011 of 555 children in Lima, Peru. Ninety-six diarrheal episodes with positive cultures for Campylobacter spp. were evaluated. In 52 episodes, empirical antibiotic treatment was started before pathogen isolation. Of these 96 episodes, 64.6% were coinfections with other pathogens. Coinfections were led by Escherichia coli, norovirus, and Giardia. Compared with single-infection episodes, coinfections had a mean symptom duration of 6.6 versus 5.7 days, a mean frequency of bowel movements per episode of 18.9 versus 14.8, and occurrence of vomiting and fever in 24.2% versus 14.7% of patients. Most of the patients with more severe clinical features at diagnosis were prescribed macrolides as empiric treatment. In the single-infection group, symptom duration was 7.2 ± 3.3 days in the macrolide-treated group and 7.9 ± 2.7 days in the nonmacrolide group. Diarrhea caused by coinfection appeared to be generally more severe than a single-pathogen. Patients with more severe clinical courses who received macrolides treatment might have had a faster recovery than patients who received nonmacrolides.
Automated Vehicles and Infrastructure Enablers
Authors: Coyner Kelley , Bittner Jason
Published: March 2022

Manufacturers and developers of automated vehicles (AVs) often maintain that no new infrastructure enablers are needed to achieve full AV deployment aside from existing infrastructure investments (e.g., connected traffic signals, designated stops, booking software, mobile applications, separated lanes). These groups hold that a state-of-good-repair and clean lane markings are sufficient; however, much of the US receives poor grades when it comes to these features. What do infrastructure owners and operators need to know about what constitutes effective lane markings or what to prioritize in terms of safety and mobility? How do policy considerations effect these choices? Automated Vehicles and Infrastructure Enablers the first in a series on AVs and infrastructure—considers ways in which infrastructure can speed or delay deployment, mitigate hazards, and capture benefits related to AV roll-out. Some of these benefits include accessibility, safety, reduced climate impacts, and integrated supply chain logistics.
Anatomy of a Screen Image
Authors: Grigoryev Sergey L.
Published: March 2022

Book review: Poznin, V. F. (2021). Screen space and time. Structural-typological and perceptual aspects. St. Petersburg: Publishing House “Petropolis”.
The nutritional support in children with spastic forms of cerebral palsy
Authors: Maslova Natalia A. , Zvonkova Natalia G. , Borovik Tatiana E. , Fisenko Andrey P. , Kuzenkova Lyudmila M. , Chernikov Vladislav V. , Bushueva Tatiana V. , Yatsyk Sergey P. , Gusev Alexey A.
Published: March 2022

Background. The approaches to the managing of nutrition for healthy children are not always applicable to patients with neurological disorders, since their body composition, muscle tone, level of physical activity, and energy requirements significantly differ from healthy children and, therefore, must be personalized with the mandatory involvement of a nutritionist/dietitian. The purpose is to assess nutrition in children with cerebral palsy (CP) depending on Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level. Materials and methods. Eighty-eight 2 to 16 years nine months CP children rehabilitated at the National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health from 2019 to 2021 were included in this study. Participants were divided into two groups. The main group was patients with GMFCS levels IV-V (48 children) and the comparison group - GMFCS levels I-III (40 children). The medical and dietary history of participants was analyzed. Anthropometric parameters using the WHO AnthroPlus (2009) software were assessed in all participants, the ability to eat and drink was determined by questioning the EDACS scale (Eating and Drinking Ability Classification System). Results. The mean values of weight/age, height/age, BMI/age Z-scores were significantly below 0 (p = 0.01) in all patients (88): WAZ -1.54 ± 1.9, HAZ -1.03 ± 1.48, BAZ -1.5 [-3.11; -0.35]. Children of the main group had significantly lower Z-scores. As a result of the survey, patients of the main group were revealed to have indicators characterizing eating disorders significantly more often (p < 0.001) than the comparison group. EDACS survey revealed that children of the main group were significantly more likely (58% and 10%, respectively; p < 0.001) to have disorders corresponding to levels IV-V, characterized by significant safety restrictions. We have developed a nutritional assessment and management algorithm for children with cerebral palsy, admitted for rehabilitation at the neurological department. Conclusion. Children with cerebral palsy need regular nutritional assessment and management for timely and adequate nutritional support, including enteral nutrition.
Anorectal malformation in children
Authors: Khvorostov Igor N. , Okulov Evgeniy A. , Dotsenko Aleksey V.
Published: March 2022

The lecture presents modern information about embryogenesis, associated anomalies, diagnosis, and treatment of various forms of anorectal malformations (ARM) in children. During the initial examination of ARM children the authors recommend the following sequence of actions for a neonatologist and a surgeon: catheterization the esophagus in order to exclude combined esophageal atresia; survey radiography of the abdominal organs in direct or lateral projections to exclude concomitant duodenal atresia, dilated intestinal loops and primary assessment of the condition of the spine and sacrum; echocardiography to detect concomitant heart and large vessel defects (occur in 30% of ARM newborns), Ultrasound of the kidneys and bladder. A special X-ray study to determine the location of the intestine al atresia is carried out by a pediatric surgeon no earlier than 18-24 hours after birth in newborns without an anus on the perineum. It is believed that after this period of time, the gas will fill the atresized part of the intestine, which is determined on the side image at the level of the coccyx or sacrum or in the abdominal cavity, depending on the type of pathology. To determine the prognosis of the functional state of the pelvic organs before surgery, it is recommended to determine the sacral index, since a visual assessment of the state of the sacrum and coccyx (counting the number of vertebrae) in most cases does not allow a quantitative assessment of the detected changes. The bowel management program provides training for the patient’s parent or child on how to empty the bowel in order to achieve a “clean” period (without constipation and fecal smearing) during the day. The schedule is developed individually for each patient, usually within one week. The issues of postoperative rehabilitation of patients at the stage of treatment in the clinic are discussed.
The course of new coronavirus infection in newborn infants
Authors: Kharitonova Nataliya A. , Basargina Milana A. , Illarionova Mariya S. , Nesterovich Marina I. , Mitish Mariya D. , Seliverstova Alina A.
Published: March 2022

Introduction. To assess the features of the course of new coronavirus infection over the first month of life. Materials and methods. The article presents four clinical cases of coronavirus infection in newborn children aged 8 to 30 days, treated at the covid centre of the National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health. Results. The incubation period lasted from 2 to 10 days. The clinical picture included prevalence of hyperemic palatine arches, lethargy, impaired sucking, hyperemia of the conjunctiva, sneezing, mucous discharge from the nose, cough of varying severity. In more severe cases, an elevation in body temperature, a change in the auscultatory picture of lungs, abnormalities in the electrocardiogram. In the general blood test, there was noted anaemia, relative and absolute neutropenia, lymphocytosis and monocytosis; enlargement of activated partial thromboplastin time, increasing the level of D-dimer in the coagulogram. Computed tomography of the chest showed focal infiltrative changes in the lung tissue or uneven pneumatisation. Conclusion. Our observations show coronavirus infection in newborns, most often to show a mild and moderate course, which does not require the appointment of antibacterial drugs and hormonal, and anticoagulant therapy without strict indications. According to the recommendations of the World Health Organization, the mother, and baby should remain together throughout the day, regardless of the suspicion or confirmation of a viral infection. To date, there is no conclusive evidence mother-to-child transmission of COVID-19 through breastfeeding is possible, and the benefits of breastfeeding far outweigh the minimal risk of infection. In addition, IgA and IgG to SARS-CoV-2, detected in milk, neutralise the effect of the virus.
Ultrasound diagnostics in pediatrics: history and achievements
Authors: Dvoryakovskiy Igor V. , Trukhanov Arseniy I. , Dvoryakovskaya Galina M. , Smirnov Ivan E.
Published: March 2022

Currently, the method of ultrasound diagnostics (echography) is the leading one among other imaging tools in medicine. The history of the method begins in 1942, but the main developments should be attributed to the 1950-1960s, when owing to the first ultrasound machines created in various countries, the fundamental possibility of visualizing tissue structures of various organs in normal and in various forms of pathology was proved. Since the 1970s, the solution of technical problems has led to the creation of ultrasound systems close to modern types of equipment. In the same years, ultrasound examinations for the first time began to be effectively used in the Research Institute of Pediatrics of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences, where they took a worthy place among other diagnostic methods. For the first time, ultrasound techniques of various organs were developed, their normal age characteristics were established, the possibilities in the diagnosis of many forms of pathology were proved and the criteria for their differential diagnosis were determined. But at the same time, despite the significant diagnostic potential of ultrasound diagnostics, we must not forget about the sufficient subjectivity of the method, which requires special attention and knowledge when obtaining and interpreting echographic images. The newest ultrasound methods that have appeared in recent years include three- and four-dimensional echography, ultrasound tomography, the possibility of panoramic, contrast and intra-organ studies, pulse inversion harmonics, quantitative assessment of organ parenchyma, elastography, various variants of Doppler (including intravascular) methods.
Aftermath suffered by RBI due to moratorium
Authors: Dey Manisha , Juan Wang
Published: March 2022

Financial system is the backbone of the Indian economy. RBI holds the controlling power of the Indian financial system and takes measure to bring the stability by controlling the supply. Due to COVID 19 pandemic, Indian economy are going through very tough period and during this period main supportive hand raise by RBI by safeguarding the interest of the borrowers. The tool implemented by RBI was moratorium to support the borrowers by stake outing with know or unknown consequences. The paper focus on the current status of the Indian banks and the highlighted the negative and positive impact of moratorium on RBI. The paper highlights the measure taken by RBI to combat the stiff situation and also emphasis the role of RBI in reducing the risk of commercial banks.
Cyclical and seasonal patterns of India’s GDP growth rate through the eyes of Hamilton and Hodrick Prescott Filter models
Authors: Bhowmik Debesh , Poddar Sandeep
Published: March 2022

The paper endeavours to analyse the cyclical fluctuation, seasonal movement and trends of Indian GDP growth rate by applying both Hodrick-Prescott filter and Hamilton filter models taking St.Louisfred quarterly data from 2011Q4 to 2019Q4.The paper concludes that the seasonal adjustment and actual GDP growth rate of India have been merged with each other and they are identical in both the models. But the cyclical trend in H.P.Filter showed one upward humped but Hamilton filter showed cyclical fluctuations with two peaks and troughs and the seasonal variations are v shaped and highly volatile. Hamilton seasonal variations have been verified by applying residual test of correlogram which explained that autocorrelation and partial autocorrelation functions moved around both the sides significantly. Hamilton regression filter model is extended to forecasting ARIMA (1,0,0) model for 2030 which confirmed stationarity and stability. Even, the final trend cycle of GDP growth rate of India converges towards stationary process for 2025. Countercyclical fiscal and monetary policy including financial management strategies have been incorporated.
Impact of Training onOrganisational Productivity
Authors: Goswami Senjuti , Saha Ranjit Chandra
Published: March 2022

Thisstudy was aimedto achieve the general objective of assessing the impact of internal/employer-provided training on employee and organizational outcomes. More specifically, the study covered theimpact of training on employees, the impact of training on rate of employee turnover in companies(including a comparative analysis of the costs involved in the processes of training and hiring andfiring employees), and the impact of training on the general firing trends of companies. The researchadopted the quantitative researchmethod which relied on data and information collected through twoquestionnaires which were distributed to 200 respondents. The responses were purposively sampledand analysed to make conclusions based on a deductive research approach. The study established astrong positive relationship between internal training and positive outcomes for both employees andcompanies.
Does Value Averaging Score Over Rupee Cost Averaging?
Authors: Dhar Pranam , Banerjee Sayan
Published: March 2022

Systematic Investment Plan (SIP) has gained immense popularity in India since the last decade. The main reasons behind this popularity have been debarring the commitment of chunk investment and implementation of the auto timing mechanism through Rupee Cost Averaging (RCA). Rupee Cost Averaging yields the benefit by altering the number of units acquired by an investor. The periodical investment amount remains the same. A modified concept of Rupee Cost Averaging is Value Averaging (VA) that shows how periodical investments can be altered to gain more benefits from market fluctuations. The present paper vividly depicts how Value Averaging (VA) plays a dominant role over Rupee Cost Averaging (RCA) as regards Return on Investment (ROI) derived by the investors.
The Effect of Covid-19 on Sustainable Consumption Behavior in Chain Stores
Authors: Aghaei Mohammad , Sahebi Ali Ghasemian , Kordheydari Rahil
Published: March 2022

Today, a critical situation is created by the Covid-19 virus, which has changed consumer behavior. One of the most important changes in this area is the trend towards sustainable consumption behavior that companies can use as an opportunity to attract customers.Therefore, this study examines the effect of the Covid-19 virus on the sustainable consumption behavior of customers in chain stores by examining customer data in Iran. This research is a descriptive survey type and a questionnaire tool has been used to collect data and measure variables in order to examine the research model. The statistical sample was selected by random sampling from customers of chain stores in Tehran and the data were analyzed using Smart PLS software. Findings showed that the Covid-19 virus has a direct and significant effect on individual, social and situational factors of customers and these factors also have a significant effect on attitudes, intentions, and ultimately sustainable consumption behavior of customers. The results show that chain stores and their suppliers should increase attention, supply, and sales of sustainable consumable products.
Physical-chemical characterization of local maize from Chiapas, Mexico
Authors: Guevara-Hernández Francisco , Hernández-Ramos Manuel , La O-Arias Manuel , Pinto-Ruíz René , Rodríguez-Larramendi Luis , Raj Aryal Deb
Published: March 2022

The physical-chemical quality of maize has become important for the food industry, so it is a condition for the selection of any local cultivar or improved varieties. The physical-chemical quality of local maize from La Sepultura Biosphere Reserve (REBISE), Chiapas, was characterized, to demonstrate that the maize diversity in the reserve presents potential for the flour and tortilla industry in Mexico. Collections of eighteen local maize populations associated with different races and two commercial hybrid materials were evaluated. Nineteen variables were characterized using multivariate techniques of Factor Analysis and Clusters. By reduction of data, six components were extracted. Typology of maize varieties merged into four groups: Group I) Of high projection in the components of breaking strength (Fu Rup RE, 300.25 gf) and pericarp dissolution (pericarp, 5.39 %; retained pericarp, 47.91 %); Group II) also high scoring in breaking strength and its persistence (Fu Rup RE, 277.25 gf), but low scoring for grain consistence and protein yield (flotation index 24.50); weight of 100 grains 33.31 g, (grain proteins 9.94 %); Group III) presented greater projection in the component of grain density, and moisture of the nixtamal and the dough (hectoliter weight 73.5 kg-hl, elongation 13.60 mm, dough moisture 57.95 %, Fu Rup RE, 220.83 gf); Group IV) showed lower projection in nixtamal moisture (44.48 %) and dough, so as elasticity of the tortillas (12.94 mm). The physical-chemical variables contributed to identify cultivar groups on the quality of the grain.
Dispositivos de retroalimentación en tiempo real para evaluar la calidad de las compresiones torácicas en maniquíes de práctica: una revisión sistemática exploratoria
Authors: Charry Borrero David , García Espitia Esteban , Reyes Cruz Darío , Tuta-Quintero Eduardo , Arango Ibarra Alfonso José , Trujillo Ángel Natalia , Roa González Julián Mateo , Ramos Isaza Estefan , Rojas Sánchez Natalia , Vargas Camacho Andrés Felipe , Collazos Bahamon Estefanía , Gómez Contreras María Camila , Coronado Sarmiento Juan , Gómez Camilo Andrés , Gómez Ayala Jaime , Botero-Rosas Daniel Andrés
Published: March 2022

La Reanimación Cardiopulmonar es un procedimiento de emergencia realizado a pacientes con parada cardiaca. En la actualidad la evaluación or medio de dispositivos de retroalimentación en tiempo real para evaluar la calidad de reanimación cardiopulmonar en personal experto y no experto es indispensable para impactar favorablemente en la efectividad de estas, al permitir correcciones inmediatas de la técnica empleada durante la reanimación. El objetivo de esta revisión sistemática exploratoria es determinar qué dispositivos existen actualmente para evaluar la calidad de las compresiones torácicas en maniquíes de práctica y su efectividad para lograr compresiones efectivas durante la reanimación cardiopulmonar por medio de un mapeo de la literatura disponible en las bases PUBMED, EMBASE, Web of Science y Mednar.
Reflexión crítica sobre los términos “aeróbico y anaeróbico” utilizados en fisiología del ejercicio
Authors: Bustos-Viviescas Brian Johan , Acevedo-Mindiola Andrés Alonso , García Yerena Carlos Enrique
Published: March 2022

Debido a que algunas clasificaciones de los esfuerzos físicos tienen diversas desventajas y falencias con respecto a la amplia variedad de esfuerzos físicos, en el presente trabajo se postula una nueva clasificación a los esfuerzos físicos: 1) Esfuerzos cortos de intensidades maximales (esfuerzos únicos comprendidos hasta los 30 segundos), 2) Esfuerzos intermitentes cortos de intensidades maximales (esfuerzos comprendidos hasta los 30 segundos y repetidos durante la sesión), 3) Esfuerzos de resistencia a intensidades submaximales a maximales (esfuerzos únicos comprendidos desde los 30 segundos y hasta 1 minuto), 4) Esfuerzos intermitentes de resistencia a intensidades submaximales a maximales (esfuerzos comprendidos desde los 30 segundos y hasta 1 minuto repetidos durante la sesión), 5) Esfuerzos de resistencia a intensidades vigorosas a maximale (esfuerzos únicos superiores a 1 minuto), 6) Esfuerzos intermitentes de resistencia a intensidades vigorosas a maximales (esfuerzos superiores a 1 minuto repetidos durante la sesión).
Conocimientos, comportamientos y variables psicológicas preventivas del COVID-19 en una muestra colombiana
Authors: Gómez-Acosta Andrés , Castro Muñoz John Alexander , Vinaccia Alpi Stefano , Sierra-Barón Willian , Quiceno Japcy Margarita , Torres Diana Marcela
Published: March 2022

Antecedentes: A pesar de las indicaciones sugeridas en el mundo para contener la pandemia de COVID-19, el reporte de problemas psicopatológicos debido a la infección por SARS-CoV-2, así como la morbimortalidad aumentan día tras día. Objetivo: Identificar si algunos factores psicosociales, en interacción con el conocimiento sobre síntomas y formas de contagio, pueden predecir conductas preventivas (específicas y universales) del COVID-19.
Enhancing soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) yield on Inceptisol through the application of organic fertilizers to promote sustainable agriculture
Authors: Syaranamual Siska , Baan Samen , Martanto Eko Agus , Metubun Milda
Published: March 2022

Organic fertilizers have been considered as environmentally friendly fertilizers in promoting sustainable agriculture, being supported by the abundant natural resources. The study was conducted to determine the effect of type and level of dosage of organic fertilizers on soybean yield. The 4-month study was carried out in West Papua Province, Indonesia, compiled using factorial randomized block design (RBD). The factors were the types of organic fertilizer and two doses of the organic fertilizer. Parameters assessed include number of grains per pod, weight of 100 grains and weight of grains per plot. Pointed out the results of the analysis of variance, the various types of organic fertilizers used (F1, F2, F3 and F4) were significantly different in almost all components of growth and production. However, the type of goat manure (F4) gave the highest yield, while the type of fertilizer that gave the lowest yield was compost (F2). Fertilizer doses were significantly different in almost all yield parameters, namely D1 (5 tons/ha) compared to D0 (without fertilizer). The interaction with the highest yield was goat manure (F4D1), while the interaction that gave the lowest yield was without the use of compost fertilizer (F2D0). Given that high soybean yield can be achieved by balanced fertilization. One way to increase soil fertility in terms of providing nutrients for plants and harmless toward land and plant is by providing organic fertilizers.
Formational types of porphyry copper deposits and their ore-magmatic systems
Authors: MIGACHEV Igor , ZVEZDOV Vadim , MININA Olga
Published: March 2022

Two individual ore-formational types have been identified within the porphyry copper family: the gold-copper-porphyry and molybdenum-copper-porphyry ones. The fundamental difference between them lies in their geotectonic position that determines the origin and composition of fertile magmatic source, as well as other features the composition of ore-bearing porphyry intrusions, the mineralogical and geochemical features of ores, and the pattern of metasomatic and ore zonation. In this study, we investigated porphyry copper ore-magmatic systems with complex metallogeny, or complex porphyry copper systems (CPCS), where porphyry copper deposits constitute the core elements spatially associated with mineralization of other ore-formational types. Based on a set of conjugated and combined types of ore mineralization we established the differences between diorite-related gold-copper-porphyry CPCS, formed in basaltic volcano-plutonic belts, and granodiorite-monzonite-related molybdenum-copper-porphyry CPCS, formed in andesite belts. These differences confirm the validity of the distinction of the two ore-formational types of deposits of the porphyry-copper family.
Cerrahi Hastalıkları Hemşireliği Dersinin Klinik Uygulamasını Yapan Öğrencilerin Belirledikleri Hemşirelik Tanılarının Önem Sırasına Göre Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: AYKİN Çağla , ALPTEKİN Hatice Merve , AKYÜZ Nuray
Published: March 2022

Giriş: Hemşirelik, bireye ve topluma hizmet sunan toplumun sağlığını koruma, geliştirme ve hastalık durumunda iyileştirmeyi amaçlayan, bilim ve sanata dayalı profesyonel kendini sürekli yenileyen bir meslek grubudur. Amaç: Bu çalışma cerrahi hastalıkları hemşireliği dersinin klinik uygulamasını yapan öğrencilerin belirledikleri hemşirelik tanılarının önem sırasına göre değerlendirilmesi amacıyla yapıldı. Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel yöntem kullanılarak yapılan çalışmada, bir Vakıf Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Hemşirelik Anabilim Dalı'nda 2018-2019 ve 2019-2020 eğitim öğretim yılında Cerrahi Hastalıkları Hemşireliği Klinik Uygulamasını gerçekleştiren 156 öğrencinin hemşirelik bakım planları incelenmiş ve öncelikli tanılar belirlenmiştir. Bulgular: Öğrencilerin hazırladıkları hemşirelik bakım planları öncelik sırasına göre incelendiğinde; birinci tanı %26,9 (n:42) ile kanama riski, ikinci tanı %30,1 (n:47) ile enfeksiyon riski, üçüncü tanı ise %21,2 ile (n:33) akut ağrı olarak belirlendi. Sonuç: Cerrahi hastalıkları dersini almış hemşirelik öğrencilerinin hemşirelik bakım planlarında, kanama riski, enfeksiyon riski, akut ağrı gibi tanıları öncelikli olarak belirledikleri görüldü. Diğer tanıları belirlemede ve hastaları bütüncül olarak değerlendirmede sorun yaşadıkları söylenebilir.
A infância em jornais catarinenses: o “abrigo de menores de Santa Catarina” (1930-1940)
Authors: Nazario Roseli , Ferreira Manuela
Published: March 2022

A partir de uma perspetiva sociohistórica o texto propõe-se refletir em torno da educação e proteção da infância em Santa Catarina. O posicionamento a partir do acolhimento institucional coloca em destaque um conjunto de intenções higienistas, moralizadoras e normalizadoras de hábitos e comportamentos infantis que, materializado nas instâncias jurídica, de assistência e de saúde, se impuseram no Brasil entre 1930 e 1940, instituindo uma forma de governo da infância. A pesquisa e análise de jornais com circulação neste estado, ao focar-se no conjunto de conhecimentos e de ações do governo que foram difundidos, visou problematizar de que modos tal dispositivo contribuiu para formar e forjar a infância catarinense institucionalmente acolhida, pobre e marginalizada. A reconstrução deste percurso contribui para reiterar a heterogeneidade interna à categoria social infância, ampliar as reflexões acerca da Rede de Atenção à Infância e colocar em prospetiva modos de acolhimento institucional às crianças em Santa Catarina.
Análise de sentimento como apoio à seleção de livros: um estudo aplicado à plataforma Skoob
Authors: Marinho Ronnie Shida , Pereira Clayton Martins , Segundo José Eduardo Santarem
Published: March 2022

Objetivo: Este trabalho tem por objetivo aplicar a técnica análise de sentimento nas resenhas publicadas na plataforma Skoob, com o intuito de propor um novo parâmetro de avaliação que ajude os usuários na tomada de decisão sobre a leitura, ou não, de um livro.
Método: Pesquisa exploratória, de abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa, que utilizou, para realizar a análise de sentimento, a técnica de detecção de polaridade, de modo a automatizar a identificação do grau de polaridade das opiniões contidas nas resenhas, o qual pode ser positivo, negativo ou neutro. Foram selecionadas, no total, 45.114 resenhas relacionadas aos 20 livros mais lidos entre os usuários da plataforma Skoob.
Resultado: Os resultados obtidos mostram o potencial da aplicação da análise de sentimento nas resenhas de livros como mais uma ferramenta para auxiliar o usuário da plataforma Skoob em sua tomada de decisão por qual livro iniciar a leitura ou por quais livros colocar em sua lista de próximas leituras.
Conclusões: As resenhas de livros são insumos importantes em uma rede social de leitores, uma vez que podem influenciar as preferências de leitura de seus usuários, além de apresentar as características positivas e negativas de um determinado livro. A aplicação da Análise de sentimento nas opiniões contidas em tais resenhas pode fornecer indicadores de modo automatizado e rápido, possibilitando aferir o comportamento dos usuários em relação aos livros que leram, além de ser utilizada como uma métrica alternativa para avaliação de livros.