bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chlorophyll Fluorescence Measures of Emerged Hippuris vulgaris
Authors: Gao Lin An
Published: December 2014

We used PAM fluorometry to examine photosynthetic rates of emergedHippuris vulgarisin two lakes characterized by different water temperature conditions. The photosynthetic response of emergedHippuris vulgariswas measured every 2 h throughout daily light cycle from dawn (7 am) to dusk (17 pm). Diurnal changes in the pattern of rapid-light curves (RLCs) were investigated in the field under ambient daylight. Electron transport rates were always significantly higher for emergedHippuris vulgarisin Five Colored Lake than that for plants in Arrow Bamboo Lake. Moreover, emergedHippuris vulgarisin Five Colored Lake had higher light saturation. Such a finding suggests higher photosynthetic activity in Five Colored Lake possibly in response to high water temperature. The relationship between the electron transport rates and temperature suggests that this species is strongly temperature -limited.
The Variation of Biomass and Photosynthesis of Different Maize Inbred Lines and Hybrids to Enhanced Ultraviolet-B Radiation
Authors: Wang Chi Chi , Zhang Hai Jing , Huang Ya Qun , Chen Jing Tang , Zhao Yong Feng , Zhu Li Ying , Guo Jin Jie
Published: December 2014

Enhanced ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation has potentially harmful effects on terrestrial plant growth and development. To examine the effects of enhanced UV-B radiation on growth and photosynthesis, four elite maize inbred lines and their hybrids were irradiated with UV-B in glasshouse for 0h,2h,4h and 6h per day, a total of four days treatment. Under enhanced UV-B radiation, the fresh weight, dry weight, net photosynthetic rate and Fv/Fm of six maize seedlings were inhibited in a dose-dependent manner, with greater inhibition at the high dose. Among four maize inbred lines, Zheng58 was tolerant and Chang7-2 was susceptible to UV-B radiation. In two hybrids, Nongda108 was significantly superior to Zhengdan958 under three different UV-B treatments. The results showed that the responses of six materials to enhanced UV-B are not only inbred-specific but also hybrid-specific, and there exhibits the heterosis in crosses of maize inbred lines under enhanced UV-B.
Characterization of 9 Newly Bred Peanut Genotypes for Seed Fatty Acid Profiles Suitable for Biodiesel Production
Authors: Zhang Qing Yun , Wang Xiu Zhen , Tang Yue Yi , Wu Qi , Sun Quan Xi , Wang Pi Wu , Wang Chuan Tang
Published: December 2014

Nine newly bred peanut genotypes from our research group were analyzed for their seed fatty acid composition. Oleic, linoleic and palmitic acids were 3 major fatty acids in peanut seed oil, together constituting 89.65%-91.83% of total fatty acids in peanut seeds. Five of the peanut lines/cultivars tested had an oleate to linoleate ratio (O/L) of 19.11-31.37, and may be classified as high-oleic, providing good sources for biodiesel production. Of them, 12L48 is most promising due to its high productivity and saline tolerance.
Analysing the Ecological Environment Greening of the Poyang Lake by Using the Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method
Authors: Xie Min , Li Chun Hua
Published: December 2014

As a fuzzy mathematics method, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used in various fields, and achieves good results. The purpose of this paper is to use this method to analyze ecological environment greening of the poyang lake. After obtaining the relevant data, it is concluded that the present ecological environment greening of poyang lake is good by using the fuzzy mathematics comprehensive evaluation method.
Insulation and Energy-Saving Technology for the External Wall of Residential Building
Authors: Qian Feng
Published: December 2014

The text elaborates on the significance and profile of insulation system for external wall of residential buildings in our country, makes comprehensive comparison among the external wall's self-insulation system, external wall's internal insulation system, sandwich composite insulation system and external wall's external insulation system, and reveals that the external wall's external insulation system has the advantage of strong feasibility, law cost, effective heat insulation break bridge and protective structure, which offers great potential for existing buildings in energy-saving rebuilding, thus finding a widest application and enjoying a promising market prospects.
Investigating Skill Gaps in Green Building Skills for Energy Efficiency
Authors: Aliagha Godwin U. , Goh Alfred P.T. , Abdullah Mat Naim , Jaafar Nadzri M. , Eluwa Stephen E.
Published: December 2014

Shortage of green skills has become a major constraint to energy efficient building programs and policies of Malaysia and many Asian countries. Yet, studies aimed at green skills are rare. Relying on an online survey of 99 professionals accredited by the Malaysian Green Building Index (GBI) this study seeks to: [1] identify the necessary green skills required for design and delivery of energy efficient building; and [2] identify and capture areas of skill gaps based on available and future green skills needs. Our preliminary result reveals that generally, available energy efficient green skills in Malaysia are below average. The highest skill gaps were found to be in the areas of energy efficiency maintenance for HVAC system, competence in use of diagnostic tools to measure building energy efficiency, carbon storage and capture in buildings and competency of architects/ builders in passive designs and installation.
Low Carbon Green Building Skills Requirements for Existing Buildings
Authors: Aliagha Godwin Uche , Adnan Nadia B. , Baba Maizan , Ali Hishamuddin M. , Eluwa Stephen E.
Published: December 2014

Malaysia bid for transition to low carbon cities and greener economy may be severely compromised without adequate green skills to keep pace with it. Based on an online survey of 132 respondents from 45 registered companies under Malaysian Green Building Confederation (MGBC), this study adopts Kendall’s rank correlation to assess the degree of agreement or concordance among the expert on the significance of some identified low carbon skills requirement for existing buildings. Our findings reveal strong degree of concordance as there were high relationship among the low carbon skills considered, especially on the ability of to integrate passive and active low carbon design, use of computer simulation software for prediction of energy and accounting of carbon dioxide emissions. Also, the mean score values on the low carbon skills show that all were considered important by the respondents.
Demand Evaluation and a Design Approach Transforming Duplex Housing into Green Building
Authors: Wu Kang Li , Lin Hsien Te , Zou Zhi Chong
Published: December 2014

Promoting green building has become an important policy goal in Taiwan. This paper explores the possibilities of transforming a regular duplex housing unit into a green building. Through an examination of residents’ demand of a selected housing community in Tainan, Taiwan, the demand of green building facilities and services by actual users was identified. This was followed by a design approach which applies several selected green building technologies based on the demand of residents and local environmental characteristics. The result shows that multi-dimensional goals of transforming existing housing into a green building can be obtained through a well-planned design approach which better understands the demand of residents.
Research on the Implementation Effect of Renewable Energy Building Incentive Policies under the Low-Carbon Perspective
Authors: Liu Hong Wei , Xia Qian Bin , Li Jun
Published: December 2014

The assessment of effect about economic incentive policy of renewable energy building is affected by many factors. The single index evaluation is not only short of scientific basis, but also has great limitations. The research analyses the principles of evaluation index system from the perspective of low-carbon and establishes a multi-index comprehensive evaluation system considering the external characteristics of renewable energy building. The system mainly includes the economic, environmental and social benefits. According to this system, AHP and attribute mathematics theory are used to evaluate the effect of incentive policy.
Co-Integration Analysis of Energy Consumption and Urbanization - An Empirical Study Based on Shandong Province
Authors: Ren Yan
Published: December 2014

This paper used methods of co-integration analysis and Granger causality estimation to test the relationship between energy consumption and urbanization in Shandong province from 1995 to 2012. Econometric software—Eviews 6.0 was used during the calculation process. All the empirical study experienced several steps including unit root test, co-integration test, error correction model as well as Granger causality estimation. Despite the short-run fluctuation, the empirical study showed that there was a stable equilibrium relationship between energy consumption and urbanization in Shandong province in the long-run. Meanwhile there was a one-way causality relationship from energy consumption to urbanization in Shandong province. Under the background of energy shortage, several energy policies should be carried out to maintain the sustainable energy consumption and urbanization in Shandong province.
Geological Tourism Resources Planning of the Shibalichangxia Nature Reserve in Hubei Province, China
Authors: Luo Wei , Huang Ling , Yan Zhi Wu
Published: December 2014

By investigating the four categories geological tourism resources such as karst valleys, karst caves, water and geological structure in Hubei Shibalichangxia Nature Reserve, this paper analyzed the existing problems in the development of tourism resources, the problems included the contradiction between tourism development and protection, tourism theme is not obvious and infrastructure construction lag behind. Combined with other natural and cultural resources in the nature reserve, this paper put forward the develop clue of the six major tourism functional area, they are the canyon scenery geological science area, the ancient salt path experience area, Xiangba folk customs experience area, Yuping river folk experience area and rare biological conservation area, which may promote the rapid development of tourism economy in the Shibalichangxia Nature Reserve of Hubei province.
Study on Ecological Environment Problems in Green Urbanization of Jilin Province
Authors: Dou Zhi Jie , Wang Ying
Published: December 2014

This paper studied the present situation of urbanization in Jilin province, and focused on the ecological environment problems in the process of urbanization, such as the low resource utilization efficiency, serious degradation of grass land and wetland, soil erosion, land desertification, non-point source pollution of agriculture. It is considered the small absorption capacity of environment, insufficient ecological environment construction investment, unreasonable ecological environment construction management system, acute structural environment pollution and the low population quality resulted in the above problems, and it is advisable to promote green urbanization by taking green reform-driven mode, green regulation-driven mode, green industry-guide mode and green lifestyle-led mode.
The Structure of Inbound Tourist Markets Based on the Shift-Share Analysis - A Case Study of Guangdong Province, China
Authors: Li Le , Liu Jia Ming , Song Tao , Zhang Xin
Published: December 2014

The paper applies the method of shift-share analysis and taking the main data of Guangdong province, China as well as China Statistical Yearbookfrom 2000 to 2008 as the main data source, to analyze the structure of the inbound tourist markets in Guangdong province as well as their competitiveness, aiming to utilize the analysis results to discuss the target location selection of the inbound tourist source markets in Guangdong province.
Transformation of Housing and Communal Services of Modern Russia
Authors: Kargapolova Ekaterina , Anufriev Dmitry , Boronina Lyudmila , Svintsov Vladimir , Mukanov Ruslan
Published: December 2014

This paper based on the social surveys considers the problems of effective management in regional sector of housing and communal services. The author concludes that the sector of housing and communal services requires social replication by means of reconstruction and renewal of state-owned building enterprises.
A Regional Analysis on Chinese Urban-Rurual Residents’ Income Disparity - Based on DEA and Multi-Regression Methods
Authors: Niu Fei Liang
Published: December 2014

Regional income disparity is a hot contention in developed countries.Income level of Chinese rural residents has been increasing since the mid of 1990’,although income disparity is increasing also.As to find the ruels behind it,we select 27 provinces units as sample and give urban residents income(Y1),rural residents income(Y2) as output variables,while average GDP(P),average education input(E) and average fixed assetes(K) as input variables.Under the presume,we select the output variables inclination and alterate scale revenue,by which to carry on analysis of input-output efficiency with DEA and give the order according to each province’s efficiency.At the same time,we could get two multi-regression model of Chinese urban and rural residents’ disposal income seperately,with which we will find the difference by comparating them.Finally,under the analysis with DEA and multi-regression methods,can we find the disparity between different provinces is the main factor to the total disparity,while each province’s disparity his its own speciality.Harmonious development between different regions could be the preferable orientation of China.
A Study on the Influence Mechanism of Guizhou’s Urban-Rural Digital Divide to the Urbanization
Authors: Liu Jun , Li Jia Jun , He Yi
Published: December 2014

The urbanization is a complex social change process in the space system, which was influenced by many factors. Urban-rural digital gap has become the obvious obstacle of urbanization process. And the influence of the urban-rural digital divide to urbanization has also appeared. Based on the analysis of influence of the urban-rural digital divide in Guizhou province to the urbanization, this paper focused on the influence mechanism of Guizhou’s urban-rural digital divide to the urbanization, so as to learn how the urban-rural digital divide in Guizhou province acts on the urbanization process.
The Effects of Pb2+ Stress on the Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Chlorella pyrenoidosa
Authors: Zhang Zhan Ning , Cui Jian Sheng
Published: December 2014

In the Pb2+ stress experiments, the concentrations of Pb2+ were 1, 5, 10, 50, and 80 mg/L respectively, BG11 culture medium was served as the control. The results showed that Pb2+ affected markedly on the growth and physiological characteristics of chlorella pyrenoidosa under certain concentration. As the exposure time, chlorella pyrenoidosa biomass is restrained gradually. Pb2+ also have significant inhibition to effect chlorophyll content and have an effect relationship with the malondialdehyde content of chlorella pyrenoidosa . Lead concentrations and the soluble protein content are time effect relationship . And the longer the inhibitory effect becomes more obvious. Superoxide dismutase (sod) activity increased first then decreased with the increase of the concentration of Pb2+.
Land-Use Ecological Assessment at County Level Based on Ecological Footprint Model- A Case Study of Yiwu City
Authors: Xue Ji Bin , Zhang Bo , Jia Ke Jing , Qi Fan
Published: December 2014

In the context of the new urbanization, ensuring ecological security of land use is one of the most basic prerequisite for ecological civilization construction. This paper is based on the theory of ecological footprint, and use ecological pressure index to evaluate the state of land-use ecological security of Yiwu City, Zhejiang Province. The results indicate land ecological pressure indexes increasing from 2.5912 in 2008 to 2.8029 in 2012 are gradually on the rise in Yiwu City. The deterioration of land-use ecological security is exacerbating. Finally, suggestions improving ecological security of land use are proposed from arable land protection, energy saving, and ecological and environmental comprehensive management.
Adsorptive Removal of Reactive Dyes from Aqueous Solution by Cationic Polyelectrolyte Modified Bentonite
Authors: Fang Run , Chen Wei Jian
Published: December 2014

This study reports on the modification of natural bentonite by a cationic polyelectrolyte, which is a lignin-based aldehyde-ketone resin, and the application of this modified clay as adsorbent in the removal of reactive dyes from aqueous solution. Modified bentonite was characterized by IR and zeta-potential test, its dye removal performance was evaluated. Results show that intermolecular interaction and electrostatic attraction between dyes and adsorbent are responsible for the adsorption behavior. The removal of reactive dyes increased with increasing temperature and the optimum pH range was 4.0-6.5. The negative values of ΔG reflected the spontaneous adsorption and the values of ΔH showed that it was a combination of chemical and physical adsorption. Equilibrium adsorption data fitted well to Langmuir isotherm and the adsorption capacity for reactive red and reactive blue was 125.0 and 159.2 mg/g, respectively.
The Influence of Fluid Mixed State on Microorganisms: A Test Case with Bacillus subtilis
Authors: Liu Quan , Zhang Wen Jie , Shi Jian
Published: December 2014

Flow pattern and mode have a far influence on the efficiency of biological treatment systems. In order to investigate the effects of different flow patterns on the growth of Bacillus subtilis, a self-developed fluid mixing device was designed to produce different liquid fluidization. It was found that the greater Re, the more conducive to the growth of bacteria, which evidenced by the logarithmic phase shorter and reached stationary phase bacteria concentration increased; when the Reynolds number is low, growth curve of Bacillus subtilis appeared Growth - stationary - growth and cell precipitation phenomenon, both phenomena gradually disappeared when Re increases. Besides, it can consume dissolved oxygen after inoculation with Bacillus subtilis, which keeping the dissolved oxygen in the medium at a lower level (0~1mg/L)
The Recognition on the Source of Shaizhudong Spring in the Central of Weibei, Shaanxi Province, China
Authors: Ma Zhi Yuan , Zheng Lei , Li Yan
Published: December 2014

Shaizhudong spring is the largest karst spring in the central of north of the Weihe River, Shaanxi Province, China. A lot of studies have been done for investigating the recharge source of it. The most common understanding was that the leakage of Jinghe was the main recharge source for Shaizhudong Spring which is the concentrated discharge point of hidden karst system in the catchment area of Shaizhudong Spring. However, with the method of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes, and combining the condition of hydro-geochemistry and karst hydro-geology, we have different opinions on the recharge source of Shaizhudong Spring. This study shows the result that the recharge of Shaizhudong Spring is given priority by karst groundwater which is outside the southwest of the Shaizhudong Spring area.
Analysis of Evolvement for Confined Water Cone of Depression and its Influence on Groundwater Resource Sustainability in Yinchuan Area
Authors: Chen Jie , Wu Hao , Qian Hui , Liu Qing
Published: December 2014

In arid and semi-arid areas, groundwater has been the main source of water supply for large cities and towns over several decades. With long-term withdrawals, a cone of depression in confined aquifer has formed over twenty years in Yinchuan area. The evolvement characteristics indicate that the cone of depression region is facing serious problems which are related not only to groundwater quantity but also to water deterioration. Water level decline is inevitable with well abstraction for confined aquifer owing to increasing water demand, and then phreatic water leakage recharge may accelerate deterioration with poor water quality. Therefore, the cone of depression plays an observable role in confined water protection as to groundwater sustainable utilization.
Research on the Optimized Configuration of Water Resource in Shendong Mining Area
Authors: Zhao Bao Feng
Published: December 2014

In order to improve water resource utilization and protect ecological environment in Shendong mining area, make the coal and water resource developed healthy. The multi-objective nonlinear programming model of water resources in mining area was established based on LINGO platform, the optimized configuration of water resource was researched. According to the result of model calculation, based on the optimized configuration of water resource and coal mining in 2012, 2015 and 2020, there are different levels of water shortage. The total water deficit is-526.56、-1189.37 and-1642.30 104m3. According to the actual situation and calculation result, the proposal is put forward in improving the utilization ratio of mining water, water diversion from external and flood utilization. The optimized configuration of water resource in Shendong mining area based on multi-objective nonlinear programming is scientifically, rationally, and plays a guiding role in harmonious development between coal resource exploitation and utilization of water resource.
Studies on the Sustainable Utilization of Water Resources in Chifeng City
Authors: Liu Yun Chao , Bi Xiao Dan
Published: December 2014

The problem of water resources and its sustainable utilization in Chifeng city were analyzed in this article, and the measurements of further reasonable development, utilization and scientific management water resources were put forward. The conclusions of our work can be an important scientific basis for national economic development in Chifeng city.
Liaoning Province Agricultural Water and Soil Resources Matching Analysis
Authors: Shi Li Zhong , Zhou Yao Chuan , Cui Li Jun
Published: December 2014

This paper constructs the agricultural water and soil matching model. Taking Liaoning Province as the research object, the situation of utilization of agricultural water resources and land resources were analyzed. The results showed that: Liaoning province is not only the shortage of water resources, and water and soil resources spatial combination difference is very big, The eastern region water resources capacity is much, but in the western region water resources quantity is little . Fushun, Benxi city, and matching with poor is Fuxin city. Water-soil matching coefficient in liaoning province for many years an average of 0.55, below the national average of 1.44. Soil and water matching performance is the time and space distribution is not balanced.
Research on the Ladder Pricing Method of Reclaim Water Based on Cost-Plus
Authors: Liu Xiao Jun , Han Si Ru , Luo Xi
Published: December 2014

Reclaimed water can effectively alleviate the water crisis which is the second water source of city. The functional relations in cost price, demand and transportation of the reclaimed water using are determined by the method of cost-plus which is based on the premise that the funds of reclaimed water network construction should be recovered. The users are divided into different groups according to the distance between the user and the water recycling. According to the demand diversity in different users, a complex tiered pricing model is established which is relevant of water requirement and the distance of conveyance. Finally, taking the Second Sewage Treatment Plant in Xi'an as an example, the water price of the user - the western suburbs Power Plant of Xi'an is calculated using this model. The result is consistent with the actual situation, which can verify the accuracy and usefulness of this article pricing model. All of these have provided a theoretical basis for the development of the market price of recycled water.
Studies on Changes of Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics under Long-Term Fertilizer in the Black Soil Based on DSSAT Model
Authors: Guo Wei , Zhang Zhong Qing , Liu Jin Hua , Zhu Ping , Yang Jing Min
Published: December 2014

Long-term experiment of Gongzhuling base for the study through three treatments(1)NPK: NPK fertilizer; (2)N165M: Manure and NPK fertilizer; (3)1.5M+NPK: 1.5Manure and NPK fertilizer, used DSSAT-Century soil model to study the long-term effects of different fertilizer treatments on soil organic carbon, total nitrogen content and the laws of growth and decline. The results show that: long-term application of nitrogen fertilizer can significantly improve crop yields compare with NPK.. Corn production is also affected by climatic conditions, especially in drought years with less precipitation. Larger impact of organic manure on soil organic carbon (SOC)and total nitrogen, SOC content obtained in descending order of 1.5M + N165> N165> N0 by Century model simulation. Soil organic carbon content and nitrogen content has a certain relevance, and the trend is consistent. Organic manure and inorganic fertilizer can significantly reduce soil inorganic nitrogen content and reduce the risk of nitrogen leaching. Through model simulations C / N ratio could be explained: C / N increases indicated an increase of organic carbon faster than organic nitrogen in soil, and changes of soil chronic library SOM2 determined organic carbon content. Therefore we should pay attention to organic manure carbon return level, vigorously promote the use of farmyard manure to improve soil nutrient content.
A Study about Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Polysaccharides Form Medicinal Mushrooms Fomitopsis ulmaria (Sor.: For.) Bond. et Sing
Authors: Zhao Yi Tao , Tang Yu Qin , Liu Ke Zhen , Zhang Yu
Published: December 2014

Polysaccharides are main bioactive compounds of Fomitopsis ulmaria (Sor. : For.) Bond. et Sing (F. ulmaria). In this study, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) method was employed for the extraction of polysaccharides form F. ulmaria (PFU). The important extraction parameters that influenced the extraction yield of PFU were optimized by employing an orthogonal design, including solvent/material ratio, microwave power, and extraction time. The results showed that the optimum extraction conditions were as followings: solvent/material ratio of 40:1 ml/g, microwave power of 400 W, and extraction time of 2.5 min. Under optimized conditions, the extraction yield of PFU was 8.36%. This work is expected to provide a scientific reference for the further research and industrial production of F. ulmaria.
Antioxidant Activity of Crocins from Gardeniae jasminoides Ellis Evaluated by UV-Vis-NIR
Authors: Zhang Xiao Ling
Published: December 2014

The major yellow carotenoid, crocin, from the dried ripe fruit of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis was isolated and charactered by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and LC-MS. Direct scavenging of oxidant anion were evaluated by UV-Vis-NIR method. The percent inhibition of superoxide signal was related to the crocin concentration.
Research on Extraction and Assistant Classification of Remote Sensing for Texture Feature
Authors: Li Li Hong , Jia Xiu Ming , Zhang Jin Tao
Published: December 2014

The classification precision of remote sensing image has always been one of the problems to each scholar. The traditional classification method is based on the spectral information. With the advancement of technology, the resolution of remote sensing image is gradually improving, and texture features included are getting rich, so adding texture characteristics to spectral characteristics for image classification can remedy the shortage of only relying on spectral characteristics. This paper uses experimental area of aerial image with 0.5m resolution in Datong, calculates fractal dimension using differential box-counting model, extracts the spatial texture features, and classifies precisely combining spectral characteristics in maximum likelihood method. Through comparing different classification results based on different characteristics, it show that classification accuracy based on combination of texture characteristics and spectral characteristics is more accurate (92% overall accuracy and kappa=0.91) than the one based on single spectral feature (88% overall accuracy and kappa=0.85) and texture feature (69% overall accuracy and kappa=0.65), which verifies the effectiveness of this method.
High-Resolution Satellite Application in Land Cover Change Detection
Authors: Feng Yu Lin , Yang Jia Jia , Liu Xiao Hong
Published: December 2014

Based on the RS and GIS technology , interpret two high-resolution images as well as statistics and analysis the area of land cover change in order to realize the spatial distribution and change trend of land cover change for a decade.Research results show that the change of woodland area is the largest, reduce 29.48 km2; The minimum area of bare earth is only 0.20 km2; Other classes have different degree of change, in the west of the study area has taken place obviously change, mainly in the northwest of shrubs, the east has no obviously change;And the northwest areas with significantly changed about river, marshes and spatial distribution of grassland is basically in a stable state, the overall change in the study area change small scale. Studies have show that nearly a decade the Shuanghe nature reserve ecological environment to be protected well.
Remote Sensing Image Quality Assessment Based on Engineering Quality and Spectral Quality
Authors: Li Ying , Cui Can , Jiang Qi Gang , Chen Hong Ji , Zhu Xue Yuan
Published: December 2014

This paper presented a new method to evaluate Remote Sensing image quality, by comparing ZY1-02C, ZY3, and SPOT5 images on the engineering quality and spectral quality. It is important to explore new options to evaluate different Remote Sensing image sources quality, in order to ensure the users could apply a best fit data source to environmental monitoring, ecological monitoring and so on. In this article, there were three aspects in the engineering quality assessment part, including the statistical character, the texture and the energy. And in the spectral quality assessment part, the imaging space, the curve space and the characteristic space were built to compare and measure different spectral ability of extracting ground objects among ZY1-02C, ZY3 and SPOT5 images. The result shows such a Remote Sensing image quality assessment can be generalized to choose suitable data source for some specific field.
Study on the Intelligent Extraction Based on Hyper-Spectral Characteristics of Typical Vegetation
Authors: Zhang Jie , Zhao Hao Yan , Zhang Min Xia
Published: December 2014

By using hyper-spectral remote sensing data of desert vegetation, the original spectral data was simply pretreated firstly, then first order differential transform and smoothing was the hyper-spectral data. The spectral characteristics of different grassland types were extracted. The results showed that: desert vegetation has some unique spectral features of common green vegetation. However, affected by the underlying surface of spared leaves, low coverage, the spectrum of desert vegetation does not have obvious green peak, and the red edge characteristics decreased with the decline of vegetation coverage.
Dynamics of Rift-Opening Calving Dominant Ice Shelves and the Analysis of its Influencing Factors
Authors: Liu Shu , Jiang Qi Gang , Xiao Yan , Yu Yi Fan
Published: December 2014

Landsat imagery of TM, ETM+ and L8 were taken as data source and the partial least-squares regression was conducted to investigate the response of dynamics of Ross Ice Shelf and Ronne-Flchner Ice Shelf belonging to rift-opening calving dominant ice shelves to the natural environmental factors. The results show that, these two ice shelves have been extending to the ocean at nearly uniform speed along each coastline. The factors influence the dynamics of ice shelves via affecting the glacier movement. Surface air temperature and surface wind velocity facilitate the extension of ice shelves. Sea surface temperature, near-surface current velocity and atmospheric precipitable water are negatively correlated with the areal changes of ice shelves along each coastline. Salinity of the ocean is influenced by the ice shelves, and is positively correlated to the areal changes.
Study on Degradation Mechanism of Stress in Generation Process of Coal-Bed Methane
Authors: Li Xiao Ming
Published: December 2014

In order to discuss the effect of tectonic stress on the structural evolution of coal, given the importance attached to High-resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy and micro-FTIR analysis, we investigated several aspects of material structures of high-rank Carboniferous period coal, located in the northern foreland basin of the Dabie orogenic belt in eastern China. High powered crystal lattice images of Bright Fields (BF) and Selected Area Diffraction patterns (SAD) of different types of metamorphism in coal were obtained. The organic molecular characters of different metamorphism types coal and the effecting factors are studied. The results show that:(1) the Basic Structural Units (BSU) become increasingly more compact as a function of rising temperature and pressure. Under pressure, the local orientation of molecules is strengthened, the arrangement of BSU speeds up and the degree of order is clearly enhanced; (2) tectonic stress is in favor of the chemistry environment transfer of hydrogen in coal, resulting in the decrease of aliphatic hydrocarbon and the increase of aromatic hydrocarbon in content, and accelerating the polycondensation and ordering of large molecules texture of coal.
Research on 3D Visualization and Data Management Integration Modeling of Digital Mine: A Case Study of Eastern Gejiu Sn-Cu Deposit in Yunnan Province, China
Authors: Yu Ping Ping , Chen Jian Ping , Yu Miao , Wu Zhao , Chen Dong Yue
Published: December 2014

In the era of big data, new information technologies introduced into the study of mining exploration to realize the wisdom prospecting has important significance. Based on 3S technology, 3D modeling and visualization technology, database technology and virtual reality technology, this paper studied the 3D integrated digital mine construction of big data era and presented a new concept of 3D visualization and data management integration modeling of digital mine. A case study of eastern Gejiu Sn-Cu deposit in Yunnan province of China achieved the integrated modeling of ground and underground, and also the multi-information integration and analysis of geology, geography, 2D and 3D. An integrated management platform was built in the application to integrate a variety of mine data organically, which provided support for mine production management, the deep prospecting practice and the comprehensive study and application of geological big data of mine.
Micellization of a Zwitterionic Gemini Surfactant and its Interaction with Anionic Surfactant in Aqueous Medium
Authors: Zheng Yan Cheng , Yu Li Wen , Pan Deng , Mei Ping , Lai Lu
Published: December 2014

A surface properties of a sulfobetaine–type zwitterionic gemini surfactant with the structure of 1,2-bis [N-methyl-N-(3-sulfopropyl) -dodecylammonium] ethane betaine (ZGS12), were investigated in aqueous solution . The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of the gemini surfactant at different temperatures and mixed micelle properties of ZGS12 and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) were investigated. The results show that cmc of the gemini surfactant (ZGS12) decreases with raising temperature, Gibbs free energy changes and entropy changes are negative and postive, respectively, indicating the formation of micelle is spontaneous and driven mainly by entropy. According to the theory of regular solution , interaction parameters between the zwitterionic gemini surfactant ZGS12 and the anionic surfactant SDBS indicate strong attractive interaction and great degree of synergism in micelle formation due to weakening of the electrostatic head group repulsion.
Mine Soft Rock Roadway Fine Blasting Application Technology
Authors: Li Peng , Zhang Chao , Wang Hai Liang
Published: December 2014

The engineering background of this paper is located in the southern air return roadway of Tangkou Coal Mine. As a result of its characteristics such as deep buried depth, high ground pressure and enormous over-break, when drilling and blasting tunnels, fine management and control of blasting can be used to solve the problem of deep soft rock tunnel blasting precise molding and separated roadway. Field test procedures showed that compared with the original plan, this program can improve 38% of circulation footage, reducing the 50% of amount over-break of roadway,25% of cost savings, which achieved good technical and economic effects.
Simulation Experiment Study of Surrounding Rock Deformation and Surface Movement during Paste Filling Mining
Authors: Jia Lin  Gang
Published: December 2014

Based on the prototype of No. 2307 filling working face in Yuyang mine, using the method of similar simulation combined with numerical simulation, the geological mechanics model is established to simulate and analyze the mechanics evolution law and the deformation and movement process of the surrounding rock and the surface during the filling mining. Research shows that backfilling can effectively control surrounding rock failure and the surface deformation, and the roof doesn’t collapse, but the bed separated fissures appear, and the maximum stagnation lags the working face by 58.5m; in the mining, surrounding rock stress releases and roof stretches, and the stress concentration appears in the front and end of the goaf, which is 1.47~1.78 times larger than that before mining, and the periodic weighting of filling working face is not obvious; the subsidence value is 212.7 mm after excavation, with the factor 0.06, and the ground level deformation and slope deformation shape are similar to the curve shape of roof caving control method with small values. The results have important theoretical guiding significance for controlling surface movement deformation in actual filling mining.
Utilization of Jinchuan Unclassified Tailings in Mine Filling
Authors: Wang You Tuan , Yang Zhi Qiang , Gao Qian , Li Mao Hui
Published: December 2014

In order to utilize the unclassified tailings and reduce the cost of backfill in Jinchuan mine, compressive strength experiments were conducted by taking unclassified tailings as aggregating material. The influence of unclassified tailings on compressive strength was studied, and the influence of unclassified tailings on Hydration products and microstructures was analyzed by XRD and SEM also. The results show that the fine particle size and higher mud content of unclassified tailings have adverse effect on early strength, especially on 3d compressive strength, but it can mprove the long-term strength. The hydration products of the new backfill cementitious materials is mainly C-S-H gel, the flocculent C-S-H gel form dense gel-structure and bond the aggregates together form the high mechanical strength. With the new backfill cementitious materials can achieve 30% utilization of unclassified tailings in Mine Filling, and attained the goal of reducing backfill costs and protecting the environment.
The Influence of Amendment to the Red Mud and the Effects of Rehabilitated Red Mud on Sweet Sorghum Seedlings
Authors: Ma Chong Jian , Naidu Ravi , Ming Hui
Published: December 2014

Red mud is the waste generated in alumina industry, which occupies much land and brings great harm to the ecological environment and its disposal and comprehensive utilization has become a major environmental concern of the whole society. This thesis discusses the rehabilitating effect of several amendments on red mud and their influences on the growth of the sorgo seedlings, eventually providing theoretical and technical support for in-situ remediation of the ecological environment red mud stacking area. The results show that the amendments could reduce pH value of the soil; the addition of phosphorus, gypsum and sludge can effectively reduce the pH value. All of these are beneficial to soil’s physical structure and seedling root. At the same time, sludge can provide necessary nutrients to seedlings while promote the metabolism. The research results have both theoretical significance and application prospect.
Study on Coal Mine Gas Monitoring System Based on Arduino
Authors: Gao Hui Chun , Fan Chao Jun , Li Jun Wen , Luo Ming Kun
Published: December 2014

Aimed at the frequency gas accident of coal mine, we designed a coal mine gas monitoring system based on Arduino microcontroller. The MQ-4 gas sensor was used to collect gas concentration, wireless ZigBee was used to transfer data of gas concentration to PC. The system can display gas concentration real-timely by LCD and use SD card to store the data. The system will send out sound and light alarm when the gas concentration overruns. Industrial tests have been carried out in Wuyang coal mine. Results show that gas monitoring system can well adapt to environment of underground coal mine and the measurement is accurate. The system is real-time monitoring and early warning. It has the characteristics of low power consumption, low cost, wireless, good market prospect.
Investigation on Circulating Path of Injected Water for High Water-Cut Oilfield
Authors: Zhao Sui Ting , Li Qi , He Xiao Ru , Song Kao Ping , Zhang Ji Cheng
Published: December 2014

In this paper, the indexes have been determined for identifying ineffective injection-production circulation and corresponding mathematical model was constructed with fuzzy theory. Application examples show that this method is simple, fast and accurate. For high and extra-high water cut oilfields, because of the long-term erosion of injected water, there are some high penetrative channels between the injection and production wells, resulting in most injected water along the channel to cause the invalid injection and production, for which it is hard to increase water flooding swept volume, causing flooding and high water cut well and reducing oil production. To improve the effectiveness of water injection to achieve stable yields, it is important to take the measures of ineffective injection-production wells profile control, plugging and so on for fast and accurate identifying ineffective injection-production wells. To that end, this paper applied fuzzy theory to establishing the mathematical model for identifying ineffective injection-production wells.
Water Displacement Rule at Extra-High Water Cut Stage
Authors: Zhou Wen Sheng , He Xiao Ru , Geng Zhan Li , Zhang Ji Cheng
Published: December 2014

During the development of the oilfield, the water cut of the water controlled field is an aggregative indicator which is affected by various factors. It can reflect the restriction of liquid flowing rules from the oil layer and crude oil physical property, and the effect of serious technical measures during the exploitation. Water cut increasing rate is closely related with water cut. The level of water-cut increasing rate of various well network was evaluated during oil producing with extra-high water cut in Xingnan development area, compared the differences among various well networks, and analyzed the geology causes and development causes.
Physiological Responses on Sedum yvesii under Water Stress
Authors: Zeng Hong , Yang Liu Qing , Zhu Xiao Qing
Published: December 2014

In order to learn the reaction and adaptability to water stress of Sedum yvesii, the changes in physiology of leaf water saturation deficit (RWD), plasma membrane relative permeability, chlorophyll content and fluorescence parameters were studied in different moisture gradient of water stress. The results showed that: after 20 days for submergence stress, it had an effect on the normal growth of Sedum yvesii; after 30 days for severe drought stress and 10 days for extreme drought stress, it can severely inhibit the growth of Sedum yvesii, even lead to death, which embodied in the dramatic decline of chlorophyll content, Fv /Fm, Fv'/Fm', ETR and the increase of RWD, relative electrical conductivity. The indicators of slight drought stress and moderate drought stress group have little differences with the control group. They did not cause a significant effect on the growth of Sedum yvesii, indicating that Sedum yvesii has a strong ability to these two kinds of water stress gradient.
Physical Simulation Experiment Research of Air Foam Flooding in Da Gang Oilfield
Authors: Xie Jin Yang , Sun Lin , Pu Wan Fen , Jin Fa Yang , He Song
Published: December 2014

Air foam flooding is an important means in tertiary oil recovery. As of July 2013, in the case of low recovery degree, Da Gang oilfield has entered high water cut period, thus increasing of recovery is under pressure. This experiment simulated the actual reservoir temperature and pressure, through the establishment of physical model, implemented a series of contrast tests, systematically evaluated four variable parameters, including gas liquid ratio, injection mode, permeability, and injection speed. Experimental results has cleared the effect of variable parameters on air foam flooding, so as to provide guidance for oilfield production.
Regularities of Artificial Boundary Water Development in Fault Block Reservoirs
Authors: Liu Wei Xia , Liu Rui
Published: December 2014

Fault block reservoir in Shengli Oil Field has been developed by the “top intense, edges disperse” method. Although it can receive good development efficiency, the mechanisms and regularities are not very clear, need to be identified. In this paper, based on the special types and characteristics of Shengli Oil Field, we used real model, conducted a deeper research though reservoirs engineering, and found the fluid flow behaviors, the main controlling factors and microscopic distribution. The effects of gravity, capillary force and patching holes were also analyzed. The results show that reservoirs with effective edge and/or bottom water would have better development efficiency.
The Analysis of Oil Suppression by Aqueous Film Forming Foam through a Gas-Salt Layer of Water
Authors: Korolchenko D.A. , Sharovarnikov A.F. , Byakov A.V.
Published: December 2014

Regularities and procedure of suppression of oil flame through a gas-salt layer of water are determined as a result of laboratory experiments. Conclusion about defining role of surface activity of foam concentrates in guaranteeing of reliable flame suppression by foam in process of its supplying into the bottom of tank through a gas-salt layer of water is drawn. Time of oil product suppression, which includes the time of saturation of a gas-salt layer of water by surface-active substances and the time of burning elimination, is defined. It is revealed that foam rising through a gas-salt layer of water in an initial time point loses the part of active substances (mainly hydrocarbon component) and partially destructs. Influence of hardness salts on a superficial tension of foam concentrates solutions is shown.
Comprehensive Thinking about the Last one Hundred Meters Issue of Express Delivery Industry
Authors: Yuan Li Mei
Published: December 2014

With the rapid development of online shopping in China, China’s logistics industry has been developing rapidly. However, different kinds of problems have appeared during the process of the rapid development of the logistics industry. This paper aims to find solutions to the problems. The significance of solving the last one hundred meters issue of express delivery industry has been pointed out in this paper. Based on the research results of both in China and abroad, the author proposed five models for solving the problems in different occasions, namely, third-party companies model, self-service supermarkets model, logistics box model, intelligence community model and commissioned model, etc.