bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of a Mathematical Model for Tracking Movement of a Human Limb in Three-Dimensional Space Using MEMS Sensors
Authors: Levonovich N.I.
Published: October 2021

This article discusses the development of a mathematical model for a device capable of tracking the movements of a human limb based on the readings of microelectromechanical sensors. For developing and selecting the most suitable model, experiments were conducted based on publicly available components. The result obtained is of practical importance since it can be used to create a device.
60 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis treated with gold salts Dumarest, Lebeuf (Pr. Med. 1932, no. 62)
Authors: Kramov N.
Published: October 2021

Dumarest, Lebeuf were injected intramuscularly 2-3 times a week at a dose of 0.1-0.2 gold Solganel preparation to patients with various forms of pulmonary TB and received anatomical changes with a recovery of 23%, improvement with incomplete anatomy.
Immunogenesis and blood reactivity in early childhood Prof. Nasso (Klin. Woch. No. 7, 1932)
Authors: Goldburt L.
Published: October 2021

Prof. Nasso (Klin. Woch. No. 7, 1932) considers it possible to assume, on the basis of his own experiments and the observation of a number of other authors, that many febrile diseases of early childhood, with an unknown etiology, can be measles, scarlet fever, and rubella etc., in which the absence of a skin symptom, a rash, must be attributed to insufficient reactivity of the skin.
A case of bilateral tubal pregnancy
Authors: Vaysburd G. N.
Published: October 2021

A large number of works are currently devoted to the issues of ectopic pregnancy, both in the periodic literature and in manuals where the chapter on ectopic pregnancy is highlighted in an independent section.
Antibiotic therapy in patients with surgical sepsis and pulmonary-broncho-pulmonary complications
Authors: Bogus K. M.
Published: October 2021

In 152 patients with pulmonary-broncho-pleural complications (PBLS) developing against the background of surgical sepsis, rational antibiotic therapy was administered. Before laboratory microflora examination, 2 antibiotics were prescribed, and 3 antibiotics were prescribed for anaerobic sepsis, based on the clinical assumption of the pathogen type. Broad-spectrum antibiotics (claforan, amikacin, gentamicin, metronidazole, etc.) were used. After laboratory investigation, according to the bacteriogram data, targeted antibiotic therapy was switched to.
Vegetative nervous system state in patients after medium-grave craniocerebral injury
Authors: Komissarova N. V.
Published: October 2021

The vegetative characteristic are studied in 45 patients after craniocerebral injury of medium gravity. The peculiarities of the vegetative nervous system functioning in the remote period are the different background characteristics in cardiovascular system, the decreased vegetative reactivity, the complex nature of provision of physical and mental activity. The effect of sex and age of patients, traumatic substrate lateralization and social adaptation nature on the nature of vegetative disorders is shown.
Evaluación Económica Proyecto Túnel y Accesos en Sierra de Marquesado, San Juan – Argentina.
Authors: Bustos Marcelo Gastón , Girardi Mancini Pablo
Published: October 2021

This paper describes the methodology applied for the economic assessment of a projected tunnel that will cross the range “Sierra de Marquesado”, west of the city of San Juan, Argentina.  Through this tunnel and its accesses, there would be a faster and more direct connection between the main populated centers located on both sides of the mountain range. The tunnel would also serve to give way to the future Gran Tulum aqueduct, and to a future pipeline intended to carry natural gas, significantly shortening the layout of them. A number of hypotheses have been raised to quantify the benefits and costs associated with the tunnel project and its accesses, considering the alternatives of asphalt and concrete pavements.
Vehicle operating costs and travel times were quantified using HDM-4, and a sensitivity analysis of economic indicators was finally carried out, for different scenarios with increased costs and reduced benefits.
Results clearly show the technical and economic convenience of the construction of this tunnel, which should contribute significantly to the socio-economic development of the region.
Rendimiento de los sistemas para mantenerse en el carril (LSS) en alineaciones curvilíneas
Authors: Cafiso Salvatore , Pappalardo Giuseppina
Published: October 2021

Lane support systems (LSS) are based on computer vision and they are expected to give safety benefits. However, despite the assumed technology readiness, there is still a lot of uncertainty regarding the needs of vision systems for “reading” the road and limited results are still available from in-field testing. In this framework an experimental test of LSS performance was carried out in two-lane rural roads with different geometric alignments. LSS faults in daylight and dry pavement conditions were detected on average in 2 % of the road sections, but with significant differences basing on horizontal curvature radius. Additionally, the increase of fault probability of failure to 8% was observed in road sections with a radius of less than 200 m. A curvature radius of 200 m is a relevant geometric constrain in mountain roads in which curves with a smaller radius are common.
Biomasa residual en sistema de calefacción de invernadero en Cundinamarca
Authors: Roa Hoyos Ivan Alexander , Sanchez Rios Diego Felipe , López Martinez Germán Arturo
Published: October 2021

Plant residues generated in companies dedicated to floriculture are often an environmental problem, since they are vectors for the spread of pests and diseases, and even aesthetic problems, and are not generally used for energy use. From there, a study of energy use of residual biomass is carried out, taking into account the data of a floriculture company in Sesquilé (Cundinamarca, Colombia). The vegetable biomass produced is characterized and quantified and a biodigestion system is designed to replace the fuel currently used (propane) for heating greenhouses during the frost season (20 days); A production of 3,836 Nm³ of biogas is estimated, in a time of 57 days. This proposal is a good alternative for the company, since the investment of the entire system is recovered in a period of 2.6 years.
The relationship between uric acid to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and collateral index in patients with chronic total occlusion
Authors: Aydın Cihan , Emlek Nadir
Published: October 2021

Background    High serum uric acid (UA) levels and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL–C) levels are accepted as risk factors for cardiovascular mortality. Hyperuricemia and low HDL–C levels were associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality and the development of diabetes and hypertension. However, the association of UA with cardiovascular (CV) mortality,collateral index are undetermined in patients with chronic total occlusion (CTO).Material and methods    124 patients who underwent coronary angiography with the diagnosis of stable or unstable angina pectoris and had chronic total occlusion were included in our study. Blood samples were collected from all patients before the angiography procedure. Coronary collateral circulation (CCC) was graded according to the Rentrop grading system of 0–3. Rentrop grades of 0 and 1 indicated low-grade CCC group, whereas grades 2 and 3 indicated high-grade CCC group. We divided our patients into two groups as low-grade CCC and high-grade CCC and examined these two groups in terms of uric acid / HDL ratios. Group 1: Rentrop classification grade 0–1 (mean age, 63,9±9,9), Group 2: Rentrop classification grade 2–3 (mean age, 62,1±9,4).Results    The baseline characteristics were similar in both groups. Uric acid / High density lipoprotein-cholesterol ratios and uric acid levels were higher in group 1 with poor collateral circulation [group 1; 0,21 (0,07–0,39) vs. group 2; 0,16 (0,08–0,31), group 1; 8,2 (3,4–10,4) vs. group 2; 5,85 (3,5–7,7), p<0,001, p<0,001 respectively].Conclusions    We found that high Uric acid / High-density lipoprotein-cholesterol ratios and high uric acid levels are associated with poor collateral circulation.
Identification of desertified and preserved areas in a conservation unit in the state of Paraíba – Brazil
Authors: Silva Leandro F. da , De Souza Bartolomeu I. , Cámara Artigas Rafael
Published: October 2021

The objective of this study is to identify and analyse the main characteristics of areas potentially degraded by desertification and of preserved areas using the Soil Surface Moisture Index (SSMI), alongside the Land Surface Temperature (LST) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). The study is based on a set of points obtained in the field and from the RGB false colour image for the Environmental Protection Areas (EPA) of the Cariri, in the semi-arid region of Paraíba, using a space-time cross-section covering both rainy and dry periods. The results showed that at all points in Desertified Areas, the main characteristics were a low SSMI, high LST and low NDVI in both periods. The Preserved Areas, on the other hand, presented a high SSMI, moderate LST and high NDVI in the rainy period, with the same characteristics repeated in the dry period for SSMI and NDVI, but with a low LST. Timely identification of these characteristics, both in areas degraded by desertification and in better preserved areas, can provide useful information for future decisions relating to the physical and territorial management of the Conservation Unit.
An Analysis of Online Classes Tweets Using Gephi: Inputs for Online Learning
Authors:   the Professional Education Department, College of Teacher Education, Cebu Normal University, Cebu City, 6000, Philippines, Sanchez Joje Mar P. , Alejandro Blanca A. , Olvido Michelle Mae J. , Alejandro Isidro Max V.
Published: October 2021

The conduct of online classes has emerged as one of the major changes in the educational landscape at the onset of COVID-19. Its implementation has been met by varying reactions that have become evident in social media, particularly on Twitter. This paper analyzed #onlineclasses tweets of Filipino users using network analysis through Gephi and NodeXL software. The resulting network has 2,278 users and 998 interactions with many groups of small interactions among users, and low clustering coefficient and modularity values. The users in the top 8 communities in the network talk about the challenges brought about by online classes and the opportunities that online networks offer. Hence, the network of #OnlineClasses tweets can be described as a community cluster. Smaller groups of users who engaged in aspects of online classes emerge in the network, signifying that Filipinos have differing points of view about the topic. Sentiment sharing through social networks provides an avenue for sharing challenges and building communities that help address challenges for online learning in the pandemic.
Lessons Learned: A Comparative Study about the Perceived Satisfaction of Emergency Remote Teaching in Thailand
Authors:   the Faculty of Hospitality and Tourism, Prince of Songkla University, Phuket, Thailand, Fuchs Kevin
Published: October 2021

The sudden shift from physical classroom education towards emergency remote teaching (ERT) in higher education during the unprecedented global pandemic caused an abrupt change in the learning environment for students and educators alike. The disruptive overnight change and conversion of entire courses to emergency remote teaching caused concern for not only educators, but also students that had little time to adapt to the new circumstances. While the embedment of technologies in the classroom is not a new concept, this quantitative research expands a case study that sought to examine the perceived satisfaction of undergraduate students with the emerging paradigm of ERT. Responses (n=669) based on empirical data as well as secondary data were analyzed to conclude that, in particular, younger freshmen students struggled more with online emergency remote teaching than their older peers. Furthermore, the study identified numerous similarities between both data samples. The current research informs educators about student perceptions and preferences during these extraordinary circumstances of uncertain duration. Furthermore, the paper concludes with recommendations that aim to provide institutions and educators with practical guidance on how to tackle the outlined issues.
Guidelines for Designing Distance Learning Courses via Moodle to Enhance Students Satisfaction and Achievements
Authors:   Faculty of Social Sciences & Humanities, School of Education, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, UTM Skudai, Johor, Malaysia, Abuhassna Hassan , Yahya Noraffandy , Zakaria Megat Aman Zahiri Megat , Al-Maatouk Qusay , Awae Fareed
Published: October 2021

This research aims to develop guidelines on designing Distance Learning (DL) courses through Moodle system to enhance student’s satisfaction and academic achievements in online learning environments. This research consists of two main phases; phase one aims to develop a DL course based on ADDIE course design strategy via Moodle system; phase two was the interview part, wherein a qualitative approach was employed to give an inclusive insight into this matter. Ten participants were interviewed. The interview group consists of two, three, and four participants in each group. Based on the interview results the researcher noted that student autonomy or self-educating is the key point for the students to overcome the challenges during the DL experience. The interviewees commented that this experience had improved their satisfaction in several ways. In conclusion, this experience provided them with a platform where they can be more active and collaborative in their own learning process.
Analysis of the Negotiation Process of PT Surya Bratasena Plantation with Pangkalan Kuras District, Pelalawan Regency
Authors: Ramadhany Medina , Novel Nurillah Jamil Achmawati , Safa’atul Barkah Cecep
Published: October 2021

The negotiation process is found in many situations, both professional and non-professional. Thus, negotiations now do not occur only in the scope of business related to buying and selling products and services. Negotiation occurs when there are two or more parties who work together to resolve a problem involving the negotiating parties. Generally, one party has something that the other party wants and the other party is willing to negotiate about it. The resolution of the PT Surya Bratasena Plantation problem with Pangkalan Kuras District is an example of conflict resolution through a negotiation process. In this paper, the researcher examines and analyzes the negotiation process carried out by PT Surya Bratasena Plantation in resolving land conflicts.
VALUE-AT-RISK ANALYSIS IN RISK MEASUREMENT AND FORMATION OF OPTIMAL PORTFOLIO IN BANKING SHARE
Authors: Astuti Putri Endah , Gunarsih Tri
Published: October 2021

This study analyzes the application of Value at Risk (VaR) in estimating the risk of investment in banking stocks and the formation of an optimal portfolio using the Mean-VaR method based on the Markowitz approach. Many studies show that market data are often abnormal and make the assumption of normality considered irrelevant. This is the background of research on VaR using the historical simulation method, which is a method that moves away from the concept of normality. In addition, the crisis due to the Covid-19 pandemic makes the market difficult to predict. The period used in this study is during a normal market and a crisis (covid-19 pandemic). VaR is calculated with a holding period (t) of one week and a confidence level of 95%. Based on the backtesting test, the historical simulation method is accepted as an accurate method in estimating the VaR value in both normal and crisis periods. The optimal portfolios formed based on the mean-VaR are Portfolio-1 (normal period) and Portfolio-2 (crisis period). The composition of Portfolio-1 is BBRI, BBCA, BNLI, BTPN, and BNBA with the optimal proportion of each share sequentially of (18.35%), (23.90%), (11.39%), (18.63 %), and (27.73%). The VaR value of Portfolio-1 is -0.0107. The composition of Portfolio-2 is BNII and BNBA with optimal proportions of each share (22.71%) and (77.29%). The VaR value of Portfolio-2 is -0.0354. The results of this study can be used by investors as a reference in making investment decisions that focus on downside risk.
Antecedents of Intention to Buy Non-Muslim Halal Fast Foods: Evidence from the Biggest Muslim Population Country
Authors: Muslichah Istyakara , Ibrahim Krishnamurti Akbar
Published: October 2021

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the antecedents of consumers' intention to buy non-Muslim (Western) halal fast food in Indonesia. Although the country has the biggest Muslim population globally, compared to other countries, Indonesia only managed to get the fourth rank on the overall Global Islamic Economy Indicator score in 2020.Method: This study distributed an online questionnaire, using convenience sampling method, to 159 Muslims in Indonesia. A multiple regression analysis was used to evaluate the proposed relationships of halal awareness, halal certification, halal marketing, religiosity, brand, and food quality towards non-Muslim halal fast food purchase intention.Findings: The results of this study indicate that halal awareness, halal certification, religiosity, brand, and food quality positively influence consumers' intention to buy non-Muslim halal fast food, whereas halal marketing does not support this relationship.Originality: Due to the inconsistent findings from past studies, this study wanted to contribute to the literature about the antecedents of consumers' intention on non-Muslim halal foods in the context of fast foods. Understanding the motivation behind consumers' behavior is also essential for fast food marketers, especially in countries with significant Muslim populations.
Atypical ectopic pregnancy: a nightmare for the gynaecologist
Authors: Bhardwaj Bikram , Menon Aruna , Nandy Souvik , . Santosh
Published: October 2021

Ectopic pregnancy is one of the leading causes of maternal morbidity and mortality in early pregnancy. Incidence of ectopic pregnancy is 2% of total reported pregnancies and is rising in the recent past due to increase in RTIs and STIs and even early diagnosis due to advancing technology. Classical triad of pain abdomen, bleeding p/v and amenorrhea is not present in all the cases which add to confusion in diagnosing these atypical presentations. A meticulous history and clinical examination along with combination of transvaginal ultrasound (TVS) and serum beta HCG levels (discriminatory zone) can aid in picking up these atypical cases as depicted in our study. Here, we discussed 7 cases of atypical presentations of ectopic pregnancy which reported to gynaecology OPD of a service hospital of armed forces in a span of 3 months. One patient had pregnancy test negative, one patient was repeatedly treated as a case of AUB, 2 cases of heterotopic pregnancies, 1 case of elderly cornual ectopic and 2 young cases reporting one with repeated episodes of gastritis and other with post tubectomy status. The cases were managed accordingly using surgical methods. Ectopic pregnancy is like a tornado which if not diagnosed in time may prove fatal. Atypical presentation of ectopic pregnancies not fitting into the well-known triad of ectopic pregnancies these days add to confusion. One really needs to be ectopic minded if we actually want to avoid this catastrophe & save these young mothers.
Profile of COVID-19 patients in COVID dedicated tertiary care centre in Himachal Pradesh: a prospective observational cross sectional study
Authors: Lal Roshan , Bhawani Rajesh K. , Dheer Santosh K. , Kumar Nitesh , Kumar Soni
Published: October 2021

Background: COVID-19 pandemic originated in China in December 2019 and fumed in whole world over few months. Millions of deaths have occurred worldwide till now because of this pandemic. Causative agent was identified as severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing viral pneumonia and serious manifestations were seen in association with increased age and comorbidies.Methods: This study was planned in very initial stage of pandemic in our country to study the profile of COVID-19 patients. This study was conducted over a period of six months from April 2020 to September 2020 at SLBSGMCH, Mandi at Nerchowk.Results: 202 patients were enrolled for this study with mean age of presentation 48 years, 61 were females, 147 (72%) were senior citizens, most patients were from district Mandi and most common symptoms were fever (58%), cough (46%), shortness of breath (35%) and associated commonest comorbidities were hypertension (HTN) (29%) and diabetes (23%). Median neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was higher (5.47) in moderate to severe disease and associated with poor outcome. All the 11 patients who were put on support of ventilator, succumbed to death.Conclusions: Most common symptoms were fever, cough, shortness of breath and most common comorbidty was HTN. Comorbidity, increased age and higher NLR were risk factors for severity and poor outcome. More research is needed to save mankind from this pandemic as still no specific therapy is available against this virus.
Common sources of radiations in a medical environment
Authors: Sharma Harshvardhan , Gaur Pradeep , Gupta Devesh , Rajpurohit Vikas
Published: October 2021

Use of radiation is now a days so common in most of the tertiary care hospitals for diagnostic and therapeutic purpose. The ionizing radiation provides many benefits in both diagnostic as well as therapeutic interventions, but they are also potential harmful. Radiation risks, exposure and mitigation strategies should always be in mind while using to an individual (public, radiation worker, and patient) and the environment should not exceed the prescribed safe limits. Regular monitoring of hospital area and radiation workers is mandatory to assess the quality of radiation safety. This review article emphasis on radiation risks, exposure and prevention and treatment strategies.
Importance of the vessel distribution at splenic hilum for laparoscopic Warshaw procedure
Authors: Ono Shinichiro , Adchi Tomohiko , Kitasato Amane , Hidaka Masaaki , Soyama Akihiko , Natsuda Koji , Hara Takanobu , Pravisani Riccardo , Takatsuki Mitsuhisa , Kuroki Tamotsu , Eguchi Susumu
Published: October 2021

The laparoscopic Warshaw procedure (LWP) is a considered to carry a risk of splenic infarction and perigastric varices formation. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical outcomes and relationship between the distribution of the splenic hilum vessels and splenic infarction in patients who underwent LWP from February 2007 to February 2017.  A total of 19 patients underwent LWP, and the median follow-up duration was 78 months. The median operative time and blood loss were 295 min and 200 gr. Six patients with splenic partial infarction and 3 with gastric varices were detected, but they have not needed any treatments. According to the classification by Michels, the distribution of splenic vessels were divided as distributed type and magistral type at the splenic hilum. In our study, 16 patients were distributed type and 3 were magistral type. Three of the 16 patients developed splenic infarction in distributed type. In contrast, all of magistral patients showed splenic infarction. Although LWP is a safe procedure, there is a high risk of splenic infarction if the splenic vessel distribution is a magistral type. Understanding the type before surgery leads to the identification of an appropriate vascular dissection position and reduces postoperative complications.
Chronic osteomyelitis of the hand by Mycobacterium kansasii in an immunocompromised patient
Authors: Cerna Jorge Adrián Garza , Zarazúa Raúl Omar Martínez , Flores Everardo Valdes , García M. Mauricio Manuel Perez , Rivera Gabriel Angel Mecott
Published: October 2021

Atypical mycobacteria are pathogens that uncommonly infect the hand. These organisms are capable of causing extensive bone damage in the hand. Mycobacterium kansasii is a slow growing non-tuberculous Mycobacterium. It is the second most common non-tuberculous Mycobacterium that mainly affects the hand and joints. Immunosuppressed patients are more likely to develop infection. Because extrapulmonary involvement of M. kansasii is rare, skin and soft tissue infections are infrequent; osteomyelitis is even rarer. Immunosuppressed patients are more likely to develop infection. A history of trauma is frequent. There is a delay in diagnosis antibiotics have been given with no response. Imaging studies are recommended in the diagnostic approach, with magnetic resonance imaging being the best option to show bone and soft tissue involvement. Infected tissue culture has greater sensitivity for diagnosis. Treatment for musculoskeletal involvement consists of multiple susceptibility-based antibiotics and antiretroviral therapy in HIV coinfection, combined with surgical management with incision and drainage.
Emphysematous cystitis with rare findings of subcutaneous emphysema and extraperitoneal pelvic gas: a case report
Authors: Gunawardene Milan C. , Ambegoda Madura C. , Willaraarachchi Munipriya A. , Abeygunasekera Anuruddha M.
Published: October 2021

Emphysematous cystitis is a rare form of lower urinary tract infection with pathognomonic intramural and intraluminal gas. It commonly occurs in elderly females with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. Subcutaneous emphysema and extraperitoneal pelvic gas are reported as rare presentations of emphysematous cystitis. Here we report emphysematous cystitis occurring in an elderly male with multiple co-morbidities who presented with fulminant sepsis and rare findings of subcutaneous emphysema and extraperitoneal pelvic gas.
Recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax in pregnancy-a case report
Authors: Shafique Muhammad S. , Rauf Fatima , Bhatti Hamza W. , Chaudhary Noman A. , Hanif Muhammad
Published: October 2021

Spontaneous pneumothorax during pregnancy is a rare but a serious condition. The typical symptoms of spontaneous pneumothorax include pleuritic chest pain and shortness of breath. Diagnosis is usually made on chest X-ray with abdominal shielding. Management differs according to severity and no specific guidelines are described for management of spontaneous pneumothorax in pregnancy. We report a case of a 27-year-old multigravida, with insignificant past medical history for any respiratory illness, presenting with recurrent, left sided spontaneous pneumothorax during a single pregnancy. It was managed by chest tube thoracostomy each time and patient was discharged with tube till the delivery of the fetus.
Tendoachilles reconstruction by a gastrosoleus turn-down flap: a case report
Authors: Mahipathy Surya Rao Rao Venkata , Durairaj Alagar Raja , Sundaramurthy Narayanamurthy , Jayachandiran Anand Prasath , Rajendran Suresh
Published: October 2021

Acute and chronic rupture of the Achilles tendon (TA) is a common entity which requires surgery to either bridge the gap or to reinforce the strength of the repair or the tendon. This was done with a turn down flap of the gastrosoleus. Both the above conditions of acute and chronic rupture were usually misdiagnosed and mistreated. Hence, they presented to us late or with complications affecting the gait. Here, we presented a case of acute rupture of the TA presented late in a young female in which the defect was managed with a gastrosoleus aponeurosis turn down flap. Primary repair of acute TA rupture augmented with a gastrosoleus turn down flap provides a good outcome.
Spontaneous rupture of liver abscess with biliary communication presenting as a lumbar mass
Authors: Bhandarwar Ajay , Tandur Amarjeet , Kharmutee Geoffrey , Rathod Akshay , Dodke Kaustubh , Rathod Abhishek
Published: October 2021

Pyogenic liver abscess was first reported in the writings of Hippocrates, which was based on the type of fluid recovered from the abscess related to a high mortality rate ranging between 15% and 19% at that time. However in 1938, Ochsner and De Bakey described the recommended surgical treatment as the primary treatment modality. Surgery remained the therapy of choice until the mid-1980s, when percutaneous drainage was shown to be a safer alternative in many cases. Spontaneous rupture of liver abscess may occur free in the peritoneal cavity or in neighbouring organs, an event which is generally considered as a surgical emergency, while localized rupture can be managed with drainage, either percutaneous or surgical/minimal invasive techniques and addition of appropriate antibiotic treatment. In cases where there is uneventful rupture of abscess and localized to the neighbouring organs and tissues can be successfully treated by a combination of broad-spectrum antibiotics and percutaneous drainage and endoscopic management.
Low response rates to hepatitis B vaccine in patients with chronic hepatitis C
Authors: Ivantes Cláudia Alexandra Pontes , Dos Passos Tiago Zibetti , Moraes João Marcelo Marchi , Mattar Nicole Espindula , Reck Tereza , Rego Amanda Ferreira , Junior Alcindo Pissaia
Published: October 2021

Background: Hepatitis B is an infectious disease with converging routes of transmission with hepatitis C, making vaccination important in hepatitis C infected people. The objective was to evaluate the vaccine response against hepatitis B virus (HBV) in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV).Methods: Retrospective observational study was conducted between November 2018 and April 2020. Subjects with anti-HBs levels ≥10 mUI/ml were considered protected against HBV and those with chronic HCV who did not receive at least one dose of the vaccine schedule or with anti-HBc reagent or even with anti-HBs positive prior to the first dose documented in the HBV vaccine record were excluded. The immune response rates to VHB vaccine in patients with HCV was obtained and different variables were analysed.Results: The study group was compound of 370 subjects. The majority (55.7%) were male, with a median age of 55.6±11 years. Regarding present or past smoking, 56.9% of patients reported that were active or past tobacco users. HCV genotype 1 corresponded to 59.7% of the cases, followed by genotype 3 (36.88%). One hundred and fourteen (30.9%) of the patients had liver cirrhosis. The immune response to complete HBV vaccine was 62.3%, whereas the response to a single dose was 57.1% (p=1). Only the age of the patient at first dose (p=0.030), smoking status (p=0.017) and the presence of cirrhosis (p=0.046) influenced the immune response to HBV vaccine.Conclusions: The rate of immune response to standard schedule of HBV vaccination in patients with HCV was low (62.3%).
Burden of breast cancer in Bangladesh-current and future and financing treatment with link to willingness to pay
Authors: Shamsi Tasdidaa
Published: October 2021

Breast cancer is the most common cancer type among females worldwide affecting 1 in 8 women. As of 2015, breast cancer is still a leading cancer of women in Bangladesh. It has become a hidden burden which accounts for 69% death of women within the country. The rate grows up day to day due to unawareness of the people, lack of confidence about medical treatment, improper screening, maltreatment, and lack of motivation to go for institutional treatment and management. The treatment options for breast cancer are relatively very expensive. People may be willing to sacrifice overall health to channel resources towards high priority disease areas, such as cancer to improve overall life. It is highly appropriate now to link treatment fall out and finances to the patient population. This short communication adopts a descriptive approach. First, it looks at the prevalence of breast cancer in Bangladesh, how breast cancer can be managed, how treatment can be financed and willingness to pay by individuals. This article finds that the screening can be optimized as the treatment options for breast cancer are relatively very expensive in a low resourced country such as Bangladesh. Data should be disseminated among the concerned stakeholders including the women susceptible to breast cancer, the patients, the care-givers, doctors, other health-care workers and policy-makers for better management. Improving the cancer scenario overnight is not an easy task but policy makers may become interested and push this agenda forward, if the huge health impact and economic loss caused by cancer become evident to them.
Effect of anti-VEGF treatment on nonperfusion areas in ischemic retinopathy
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China, Zhu Zi-Yi , Yan Bin ,   Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China, Luo Jing ,   Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China; Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China
Published: October 2021

In recent years, retinal ischemia such as that which occurs in diabetic retinopathy (DR) and retinal vein occlusion (RVO) has become a hotspot of ischemic retinopathy research. High levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are recognized as a major cause of macular edema (ME) in DR and RVO. High concentrations of VEGF in the vitreous can lead to serious retinal ischemia and hypoxia and form retinal nonperfusion areas (NPAs). Different levels of retinal ischemia can represent disease severity and progression. Anti-VEGF therapy as the first-line treatment for ME has been found to be effective in improving vision, but there are still disputes about whether anti-VEGF therapy could improve retinal ischemia and achieve reperfusion of previously developed retinal NPAs. Here, we review and summarize studies of the effects of anti-VEGF drugs on retinal ischemia, especially NPAs.
Changes in post-keratoplasty astigmatism after suture removal: refraction vs tomography vs aberrometry
Authors:   Brien Holden School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, L V Prasad Eye Institute (LVPEI), Hyderabad 500034, India, Chaurasiya Suraj Kumar , Vaddavalli Pravin K. ,   Cataract and Refractive Surgery Services, The Cornea Institute, L V Prasad Eye Institute (LVPEI), Hyderabad 500034, India, Rapuano Christopher J. ,   Cornea Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA
Published: October 2021

AIM: To analyse the changes in magnitude and orientation of astigmatism after suture removal (SR) in keratoplasty eyes as measured by refraction, tomography, and aberrometry.
METHODS: Twenty-six eyes of 25 patients after optical keratoplasty requiring SR to reduce the astigmatism during the follow-up period were prospectively included. Eyes with poor quality topography scans or if there were no sutures in the steepest semi meridian were excluded. Corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), manifest refraction, corneal tomography and aberrometry were performed on all patients before and after SR.
RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 40.8±14.4y. Penetrating keratoplasty was performed in 23 eyes (89%) and deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty was done in 3 eyes (11%). There was a statistically significant reduction in the magnitude of refractive, tomographic and aberrometry astigmatism after SR (P<0.001) at 2h after suture removal. The mean net reduction of the astigmatism was greater as measured by corneal tomography compared to refractive astigmatism (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant change in refractive astigmatism between 2h and 2mo after SR (P=0.55). Vector calculations demonstrated a greater amount of undercorrection in the tomography group and the rotational error was more towards counterclockwise direction. Mean monocular logMAR CDVA improved from 0.57 D to 0.49 D after SR (P=0.002).
CONCLUSION: The net reduction in the magnitude of astigmatism after SR is greater in the tomography and aberrometry groups. With one episode of SR, there is no difference in the aberration profile.
Active trachoma prevalence and its associated factors among children aged 1-9 years in rural residents of Lare District, Southwest Ethiopia
Authors:   Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar 196, Ethiopia, Belsti Yitayeh , Assem Abel Sinshaw ,   Department of Optometry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar 196, Ethiopia
Published: October 2021

AIM: To determine the prevalence of active trachoma and its associated factors among children in Lare District, Southwest Ethiopia, 2019.
METHODS: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 620 participants were recruited using a multi-stage sampling technique. A structured questionnaire, torch, and magnifying loupes were used for data collection. The data was entered into epidemiological information and exported to statistical package for social science version 20 for analysis. The bi-variable and multivariable Logistic regression analysis model was fitted to identify factors associated with active trachoma. Odds ratio with a 95%CI was used to show the direction and strength of association between independent and outcome variables.
RESULTS: A total of 610 children participated in this study with a response rate of 98.39%. The prevalence of active trachoma was 132 (21.60%; 95%CI: 18.40-24.70). Family size being 6-9 (AOR=2.34; 95%CI: 1.14-5.02), presence of more than two preschool children in a house (AOR=2.04; 95%CI: 1.12-3.70), open field waste disposal system (AOR=2.62; 95%CI: 1.00-6.80) and type of latrine being uncovered (AOR=4.12; 95%CI: 2.00-8.51) were positively associated with active trachoma. On the other side, water consumption being 40-60 liters per day was a protective factor for active trachoma.
CONCLUSION: The prevalence of active trachoma is high among children aged 1-9y in Lare District. Uncovered latrine, open field waste disposal system, family sizes of 6-9, and the presence of more than two preschool children in a house are associated with the occurrence of active trachoma. On the other side, water consumption of 40-60 liters is a protective factor.
A novel temporary keratoprosthesis technique for vitreoretinal surgery
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany, Skevas Christos , Steinhorst Alexander ,   Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany, Katz Toam ,   Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany, Schindler Philipp ,   Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany, Kromer Robert ,   Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany, Spitzer Martin Stephan ,   Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
Published: October 2021

AIM: To investigate the safety of vitreoretinal surgery when using a soft contact lens as a temporary keratoprosthesis (TKP) in patients with severe corneal opacifications.
METHODS: Three patients with simultaneous corneal and vitreoretinal pathology were treated with a soft contact lens that was used as a TKP to facilitate vitreoretinal surgery. The soft contact lens was fixated with sutures onto the globe so that no leakage was possible.
RESULTS: Vitreoretinal surgery with excellent fundus view was possible in all cases. The soft contact lens allowed safe central and peripheral vitrectomy. Surgery was successful in all cases.
CONCLUSION: A soft contact lens properly fixated on the globe can successfully replace a TKP. This surgical procedure has several advantages like one size fits all, low costs, and easy access to the material.
Penggunaan UV-Vis Spektroskopi dan Kemometrika untuk Uji Keaslian Kopi Codot Lampung
Authors: Yulia Meinilwita , Ningtyas Kurnia Rimadhanti , Suhandy Diding
Published: October 2021

Codot coffee from Tanggamus, Lampung is one of Indonesian specialty coffee with a very limited production. In this research, an authentication study for the Codot ground roasted coffee was conducted using UV-vis spectroscopy and chemometrics. A total of 330 samples of pure and adulterated Codot coffee was prepared. The adulterated Codot coffee samples were intentionally created by adding a regular coffee (non-Codot coffee) into pure Codot coffee samples with three levels of adulterations: low (10-20%), medium (30-40%), and high level (50-60%). All samples were 0,29 mm in particle size. The extraction procedure was performed with hot distilled water (98°C). The spectral data of coffee samples were acquired using a benchtop UV-visible spectrometer in the range of 190-1100 nm using a transmittance mode. The result showed that the pure and adulterated samples could be discriminated along PC1 and PC2 axis. The classification model was developed using LDA with 90,91% of accuracy could be obtained. The LDA model was used to classify the new samples and resulted in a sensitivity (SEN) of 100%, specificity (SPEC) of 76,67%, precision (PREC) of 78,13%, and accuracy (ACC) of 87,27% could be obtained. Using PLS regression, a PLS model was developed to quantify the percentages of Codot coffee adulteration and resulted in high of coefficient of determination both in calibration and validation (R2kal = 0,99 and R2val = 0,98). These results showed that UV-vis spectroscopy and chemometrics are suitable for authentication of Codot specialty coffee with RMSEP = 2,68% and RPD in prediction of 6,49.
 
Keywords: authentication, LDA, PCA, PLS regression, UV-vis spectroscopy
Strategi Kesiapan Koperasi dalam Digitalisasi Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit Rakyat
Authors: Falatehan A Faroby , Syaukat Yusman , Hariyadi Hariyadi , Falatehan Sriwulan Ferindian
Published: October 2021

KUD Tunas Muda is one of the cooperatives active in using information technology to serve the needs of its members, especially related to oil palm activities. However, not all palm oil activities have been carried out through digitization. This paper aims to provide an overview of the readiness of the KUD located in Riau Province in digitizing smallholder oil palm plantations, which include activities in preparing inputs, cultivation, marketing, and receiving payments. This study also aims to analyze strategic priorities that cooperatives can carry out in digitizing smallholder palm oil. This study uses two methods in its analysis, namely descriptive analysis, and analytical hierarchy process. Based on the study, cooperative management is quite prominent in initiating and building digital systems in services for their members. This is because the KUD already has experience in digitalization, although the function is still limited. According to the analysis, the prioritized strategy is to increase the understanding of oil palm farmers, especially among members, in using digital technology and information to support the digitalization of oil palm plantations.   Keywords: analytical hierarchy process, cultivation, information technology, KUD Tunas Muda, smallholder plantation
RESPOSTA DO FEIJÃO CAUPI A SALINIDADE DA ÁGUA DE IRRIGAÇÃO
Authors: Lima Carlos José Gonçalves de Souza , Oliveira Francisco de Assis de , Medeiros José Francismar de , Oliveira Mychelle Karla Teixeira , Almeida Júnior Agenor Bezerra de
Published: October 2021

Este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de diferentes níveis de salinidade da água de irrigação no desenvolvimento de plantas de caupi. O delineamento utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado com cinco tratamentos (0,5; 2,13; 2,94; 3,5 e 5,0 dS m-1) e três repetições. As plantas foram coletadas aos 45 dias após semeadura, sendo avaliadas: o diâmetro do caule, número de nódulos nas raízes, altura, número de folhas, área foliar, matéria seca da raiz, da parte aérea e matéria seca total. A salinidade influenciou linearmente no crescimento vegetativo do feijão caupi, sendo todas as características analisadas reduzidas com o aumento da salinidade. As características mais afetadas pelo maior nível salino foram: área foliar (65,90%), matéria seca da parte aérea (66,94%) e matéria seca das raízes (76,14%). A presença de nódulos nas raízes foi afetada drasticamente pela salinidade, com uma redução de 98,71% no maior nível. A matéria seca total acumulada pelas plantas de caupi é distribuída em 22,5% para a matéria seca das raízes e 77,5% da matéria seca da parte aérea, desta, 61,2% e 38,8% são distribuídas para matéria seca das folhas e do caule, respectivamente.
The Role of Teachers in Fostering Religious Multiculturalism
Authors: Ulfa Emiliati , Djubaedi Dedi , Sumarna Cecep , Fatimah Siti , Suklani Suklani , Hidayat Abas
Published: October 2021

Conflicts that occur in the school environment as the dynamics of a multicultural society. Shaping the character of students' multicultural education is the main responsibility of a teacher. The objectives of the study are 1) To find and explain the role of Islamic Religious Education teachers in fostering religious attitudes in multicultural society in schools; 2) To find, understand, and explain the strategy of Islamic Education teachers in implementing multicultural values in schools; 3) To find, understand, and explain what are the obstacles faced by Islamic Religious Education teachers in implementing multicultural education in schools. This research is qualitative descriptive analysis with depth interview method. Data were obtained from interviews with 25 teachers from various subject areas at Cirebon 2 State High School, West Java, Indonesia. The positive role of the teacher can be seen in the attitude of fostering religious awareness and multicultural attitudes in schools by providing religious lessons. The strategy of Islamic religious education teachers in growing religious multiculturalism through sustainable character education learning. The obstacles faced by some education teachers are religious fanaticism, teachers cannot control the implementation of daily interactions and different levels of student awareness.
The Relationship of Ecological Intelligence with Students' Environment Care Behavior on Mangrove Ecosystem Materials
Authors: Ilela Miller , Wihardjo Sihadi Darmo , Purwanto Agung
Published: October 2021

This research was aimed to find the relationship between students’ ecological intelligence and Pro-Environmental behavior on mangrove ecosystem material. The populations of this research were Salamahu Junior School students, and the sample was the fourth-grade classes which randomly chosen. The result were showed that rcalculated = 0,761 dan rtable = 0,3338. Therefore 0,761 > 0,3338 so H0 accepted which means there is a positive relationship between variable X and Y. Significant point correlation (2-tailed) was 0,000 < 0,05 which means between ecological intelligence and pro-environmental behavior there is a significant’s relationship.
Music Enhancing Young Learner’s Creativity
Authors: Simatupang Nurhenti Dorlina , Saroinsong Wulan Patria , Rosalianisa Resi , Adhe Kartika Rinakit , Widayati Sri , Kurnianingtyas Intan
Published: October 2021

This research emphasizes on elaborating the feasibility of the media of the bandwagon educational game on the creativity of children aged 5-6 years. To obtain the research objectives, this researcher conducted research and development using the 4D model developed by Thiagarajan, namely define, design, develop and disseminate. The subjects in this research trial were five children aged 5-6 years and 30 ECE teachers. The data collection instrument used a structured interview technique and an online questionnaire through a google form accompanied by a video of the implementation of the bandwagon educational game. The data analysis technique used quantitative and qualitative descriptive analysis. From this research, it shows that the development of the bandwagon educational game tool that has been tested on a small scale is valid and feasible. This shows that this bandwagon game is effective and can be applied and has an appeal for early childhood in learning.