bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transgressive, Totalizing, Transformative: Utopia's Utopian Surplus
Authors: Moylan Tom
Published: December 2018

This article reaffirms the utopian standpoint in transformative political culture and practice. Herein, it does not deploy utopia as a noun—an object—but, rather, an adjective, a modifier: as the utopian that identifies a triad—transgressive as it breaks with the status quo, totalizing as it analyzes the system that produces that status quo, and transformative as it moves social reality toward a horizon comprehensively better for all human beings and nature itself. This article develops this argument through a close reading of Book One of More's Utopia. In doing so, it works against the grain of More's ideological encapsulation of utopia within the remit of the state and its official policies by identifying the utopian surplus that exceeds the author's own (ex)position. Thus, Hythloday, itinerant and critical intellectual, emerges as the radical utopian subject, rather than the fictive character of More as a royal adviser.
Sinais e sintomas relacionados à inalação da fumaça cirúrgica por cirurgiões
Authors: Aranha Jéssica Ribeiro , Ribeiro Renata Perfeito , Margatho Amanda Salles , Stanganelli Nathanye Crystal , Pinhatti Evelin Daiane Gabriel , Martins Júlia Trevisan
Published: December 2018

Objetivo: Verificar a associação entre a prevalência de sinais e sintomas relacionados à inalação da fumaça cirúrgica e o tempo de atuação desdea formatura dos cirurgiões expostos. Método: Estudo de campo, transversal, descritivo, quantitativo. Os dados foram coletados por uma das pesquisadorasem entrevista individual com 45 cirurgiões, com o auxílio de um instrumento contendo dados sociodemográficos e variáveis referentes aos sinais esintomas relacionados à inalação da fumaça cirúrgica descritos na literatura. Resultados: A amostra foi composta, em sua maioria, de cirurgiões do sexomasculino, com prevalência da clínica de ginecologia e obstetrícia. Não houve significância estatística entre a associação dos sinais e sintomas relacionadosà inalação da fumaça e o tempo de atuação desde a formatura dos cirurgiões expostos (p>0,05). Conclusão: Houve maior prevalência dos sintomasirritação nos olhos e sensação de corpo estranho na garganta entre os cirurgiões com mais de 30 anos na função desde a formatura; 60,0% dos cirurgiõesnão acreditam que os sintomas estejam relacionados à inalação da fumaça cirúrgica. Recomenda-se, para a minimização dos sinais e sintomas, a instalaçãode exaustores de fumaça em salas cirúrgicas e o uso da máscara N95 pelos trabalhadores expostos a esse risco.
A fundamentação epistemológica da bibliografia entre Robert Estivals e Jean Meyriat: notas de um discurso francófono
Authors: Saldanha Gustavo Silva , Couzinet Viviane
Published: December 2018

Introdução: O panorama do estudo está na reflexão sobre o lugar da bibliografia na construção da Ciência da Informação no discurso francófono, com foco no pensamento de Robert Estivals e Jean Meyriat, epistemólogos co-fundadores das ciências da informação e comunicação na França. Objetivo: Discutir a construção dos modos de categorização da bibliografia na epistemologia informacional. Nós nos perguntamos aqui, de um modo geral, como a bibliografia é identificada nos discursos epistemológicos da Ciência da Informação (CI) em sua constituição. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo teórico, baseado na reflexão epistemológico-histórica, a partir dos aportes reflexivos de Wilhelm Dilthey e Viviane Couzinet sobre os modos de construção histórica das ciências humanas e sociais e a reflexão meta-metodológica do percurso da institucionalização das disciplinas info-comunicacionais. Resultados: O estudo permite compreender as dinâmicas epistemológico-históricas do conceito de bibliografia entre o século XIX e o século XX, evidenciando o seu papel em diferentes contextos de afirmação epistemológica do campo info-comunicacional, incluindo as abordagens recentes dos anos 1990. Conclusões: As conclusões apontam para a condição epistêmica da bibliografia no espaço-tempo francófono-francês no espelho de Gabriel Peignot, ou seja, a posição deste teórico no início do século XIX tem repercussões diretas nas tardias classificações e representações da bibliografia, como arte, técnica e-ou saber no campo informacional.
Gestão do conhecimento e orientação acadêmica: inter-relações
Authors: Sá Rosilene Moreira Coelho de , Paula Cláudio Paixão Anastácio de
Published: December 2018

Introdução: A produção técnico-científica só se torna possível através da interveniência, ainda que não consciente ou não nomeada, de vários aspectos da gestão do conhecimento (GC). Este artigo de revisão foi elaborado a partir da pesquisa de mestrado que estudou a gestão do conhecimento e o processo de orientação de discentes de pós-graduação stricto sensu. Objetivo: Apresentar a gestão do conhecimento entendida como a gestão da partilha de conhecimentos, e evidenciar que a gestão do conhecimento não é uma prática restrita às organizações. Metodologia: Apresenta os elementos essenciais de uma revisão de literatura do tipo narrativa desenvolvida com base no trabalho de fundamentação teórica da pesquisa que culminou com a elaboração da dissertação “Compartilhamento do conhecimento e o processo de orientação de discentes de pós-graduação stricto sensu” (SÁ, 2015). Foram identificados artigos sobre a gestão do conhecimento no âmbito científico e acadêmico, bem como artigos sobre orientação acadêmica para, então, analisar a inter-relação destes dois temas. Os artigos foram coletados e analisados entre agosto de 2014 e julho de 2017. O presente estudo utilizou como fontes o Portal de Periódicos da Capes, a Base de Dados em Ciência da Informação (BRAPCI), o Repositório Acadêmico de Biblioteconomia e Ciência da Informação (RABCI), o Portal Brasileiro de Publicações Científicas em Acesso Aberto (OASISBR). Resultados: Destaca o quão pouco a gestão do conhecimento é discutida para o uso no meio acadêmico e científico. Conclusões: Observa que a gestão do conhecimento está presente na orientação acadêmica no momento em que cientistas e pesquisadores compartilham e usam informações para a criação de novos conhecimentos. Ou seja, o exercício da construção intelectual científica e, consequentemente, das orientações acadêmicas é indissociável da gestão conhecimento. Destaca que a gestão do conhecimento aplicada à orientação destina-se a promover a disseminação das melhores práticas da orientação acadêmica e propiciar o desenvolvimento de habilidades dos orientadores em ajudar seus orientandos a criar novos conhecimentos a partir do compartilhamento e uso do aprendizado nas orientações.
Práticas informacionais: elementos constituintes
Authors: Rocha Janicy Aparecida Pereira , Gandra Tatiane Krempser
Published: December 2018

Introdução: A partir de breve referência às abordagens tradicional e alternativa dos estudos de usuários, estas são contrapostas à abordagem social e aos estudos de práticas informacionais. Identifica-se e discute-se, posteriormente, os principais conceitos tradicionalmente abordados nesses estudos, a saber: usuário, contexto, informação, conhecimento e cultura. Objetivo: Apresentar a perspectiva das práticas informacionais, bem como a ressignificação dos referidos conceitos, o que se faz necessário para superar a perspectiva baseada em mecanismos de estímulo-resposta, adotada pelas duas primeiras abordagens, e para torná-los condizentes com essa nova forma de olhar para os fenômenos informacionais. Adicionalmente, apresenta outros conceitos propostos por diferentes autores: sociabilidade, imaginação simbólica, conhecimento autoritativo, autoridade cognitiva, credibilidade, resiliência informacional e posicionamento. Metodologia: Revisão da literatura da subárea usuários da informação buscando identificar: o modo como os conceitos são construídos em cada abordagem e os conceitos emergentes nas pesquisas sobre práticas informacionais. Resultados: Em uma compreensão mais ampla que as abordagens anteriores, as práticas informacionais se referem aos mais diversos modos de interação entre usuário e informação. Ao adotar a reconstrução dos conceitos-chave da subárea, assume-se que cada ação do sujeito é fruto de um duplo movimento entre sua subjetividade e os referenciais sociais. Portanto, é necessário compreender o significado que as ações dos usuários têm para eles mesmos e, também, desvelar a dimensão cultural por trás dessas ações. Conclusão: Para a abordagem de práticas informacionais, conceitos tradicionais da subárea devem ser reconfigurados de modo a se ajustar a visão mais compreensiva dessa perspectiva. Nesse sentido, a discussão de aportes teórico-metodológicos para estudos de práticas informacionais são relevantes para a subárea usuários da informação.
Estudo dos aspectos humanos da segurança da informação aplicado na Pró-Reitoria de Gestão de Pessoas da Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB
Authors: Araújo Wagner Junqueira de , Araújo Sueny Gomes Leda , Batista Rafaela Romaniuc
Published: December 2018

Introdução: O universo de atividades que permeia a tecnologia da informação está sujeito a várias formas de ameaças que comprometem seriamente sua segurança. A própria tecnologia é responsável por fornecer parte da solução para esses problemas. Porém, parte das vulnerabilidades e ameaças a que os sistemas de informação estão expostos podem ser atribuídas às deficiências nos procedimentos organizacionais e ao comportamento humano. Nesse contexto, torna-se salutar estudar, sob a ótica da Ciência da Informação, uma das variáveis subjetivas do processo de segurança da informação, que está relacionada às pessoas. Para tanto, este trabalho apresenta um relato de experiência sobre o comportamento dos servidores da Pró-Reitoria de Gestão de Pessoas – Progep da Universidade Federal da Paraíba – UFPB com relação à segurança da informação. Objetivo: Identificar quais as ações de segurança da informação, relacionadas aos aspectos humanos, são utilizadas pela Pró-Reitoria de Gestão de Pessoas – Progep da Universidade Federal da Paraíba – UFPB. Metodologia: Essa pesquisa caracterizou-se como sendo de cunho descritivo, com abordagem quanti-qualitativa. Para coleta de dados foi aplicado um questionário on-line enviado por e-mail aos servidores da Progep, durante o período compreendido entre os dias 11 e 25 de julho de 2014.  Resultados: Foi verificado que 93% dos respondentes não possuíam conhecimentos sobre segurança da informação, 50% raramente trocam suas senhas. Contudo, destaca-se que 60% se recusaram a passar o antivírus em suas estações de trabalho.  Conclusões:Foi identificada a inexistênciade procedimentos para sensibilizar os servidores da importância de manter as informações organizacionais em segurança, bem como a falta de uma política de segurança que oriente como se comportar diante de eventuais ameaças.
Investigation of the relationship between insulin resistance and neuropeptide Y levels in polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: KOSECI Tolga , KAYA Omer , HAKSOYLER Veysel , DERICI YILDIRIM Didem , SEZER Kerem
Published: December 2018

Objective: The aim of study is to investigate the relationship between neuropeptide Y (NPY) and insulin resistance which is important in the pathogenesis of poliycstic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
Material and Methods: This study was conducted between May 2012 and May 2013. The study included 45 patients with PCOS and 44 healthy controls at productive age. Insulin, fasting blood sugar, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactine, testestorone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), cortisole, estradiol, NPY levels were measured at early follicular phase in patients with PCOS while insulin, fasting blood sugar, prolactine, DHEA-S, TSH, cortisole, 17-OH progesterone levels were measured in control group. Homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) scores were calculated and antrepometric measures recorded. Pelvic ultrasonography was performed.
Results: Fasting insulin levels and HOMA-IR scores showed insulin resistance to be higher in obese patients with PCOS than healthy control subjects and patients with normal weight PCOS. NPY levels found to be higher in obese-overweight patients with PCOS than healthy control subjects and patients with normal weight but it was not statistically significant (P>0.05). NPY levels did not differ in patients with and without insulin resistance.
Conclusion: No correlation dedected between insülin resistance and NPY levels but NPY levels were high in overweight PCOS patients.
Bestaat er zoiets als een onbillijke prijs? Zaak C-177/16 (AKKA/LAA)
Authors: van Damme Eric , Sauter Wolf
Published: December 2018

Bestaat er zoiets als een onbillijke prijs? Zaak C-177/16 (AKKA/LAA)

In deze zaak wordt de norm voor excessieve prijzen aangevuld ten opzichte van de eerdere uitspraak in United Brands (1978). Prijsvergelijkingen staan hier centraal en kosten kunnen pas in een tweede stap aan de orde komen bij wijze van verweer na een eerste vaststelling van excessiviteit. De conclusie van A-G Wahl gaat nog verder en vereist het gebruik van een benchmarkprijs. Deze aanpak komt aan de orde in Pfizer/Flynn tegen CMA, een Engelse zaak die hier eveneens kort wordt aangestipt.
La inserción laboral de los inmigrantes italianos en Valencia durante la crisis
Authors: Esteban Fernando Osvaldo , Ingellis Anna Giulia
Published: December 2018

España ha pasado de una fase de intensa inmigración internacional durante el período de crecimiento económico a otra de re-emigración y retornos de extranjeros (y de emigración de nativos) durante la recesión. En nuestra investigación hemos observado una tendencia opuesta: durante la crisis se ha incrementado significativamente la llegada de inmigrantes procedentes de Italia a la ciudad de Valencia. Se trata de personas económicamente activas, con intención de permanencia, cualificadas y procedentes de regiones con indicadores socioeconómicos superiores a los de la Comunidad Valenciana. Por consiguiente, el análisis de su inserción laboral es clave para explicar las causas de la migración. La investigación se ha realizado utilizando una perspectiva cualitativa: observación participante y entrevistas en profundidad. Los resultados indican que la salida de la crisis parece acompañarse de un proceso de “importación” de capital humano con vocación hacia el trabajo autónomo. No obstante, esta modalidad de incorporación al trabajo no solo está relacionada con las dotaciones de capital humano, económico y social de los inmigrantes sino también con factores de orden estructural como son los obstáculos y las oportunidades que encuentran los inmigrantes en el mercado laboral.
Sin frenos y sin contrato: a vueltas con la ajenidad laboral
Authors: Pérez Amorós Francesc
Published: December 2018

De la revolución industrial clásica por histórica se ha llegado hasta la actual revolución industrial 4.0, así denominada, porque también incorpora masivamente la digitalización en el proceso de producción, dando paso así cuerpo a una economía digital que hoy día ayuda a explicar la globalización, una economía, pero, que no puede ni debe confundirse, sin más, con una economía colaborativa por altruista. La relación de trabajo capitalista tiene su hábitat natural en el mercado porque es en donde vive y sobrevive (reproduce) la ajenidad: la plataforma digital —un punto de encuentro estratégico hoy día— es una nueva versión más del mercado donde se compra y vende de manera sincronizada trabajo por cuenta ajena al albur de los algoritmos, un trabajo, que, en no pocos casos, es precario (sin frenos: ¿peones digitales?) y, en ocasiones —a mayor inri—, de forma irregular (sin el contrato debido: ¿falsos autónomos y/o falsos cooperativistas?).
Revolución digital y futuro del empleo
Authors: Miguélez Fausto
Published: December 2018

Hace años que estamos ya en la economía digital, que afecta tanto a la producción y al empleo como a la vida cotidiana: teléfono móvil con gran amplitud de servicios, robots, empresas basadas en plataformas digitales, servicios digitalizados, son algunos de los fenómenos más evidentes. En este artículo se presentan algunos de los cambios de mayor relieve que esto puede provocar sobre el empleo. También se plantean los debates respecto a las políticas con las que se podría responder a tales cambios. Todo ello es fruto de una reciente investigación, publicada en el repositorio de la UAB.
Fuerzas de trabajo y conflicto social en un capitalismo en transformación
Authors: Jódar Pere , Alós Ramon
Published: December 2018

En el texto exploramos los vínculos entre la economía moral y la espontaneidad propias de los movimientos comunitarios y la racionalidad organizada de las asociaciones de trabajadores. Sostenemos que ambos movimientos se complementan. La comunidad aporta afecto y sentido de la justicia, los sindicatos recursos organizativos; ambos solidaridad. La clave de considerar estos vínculos es la individualización y la ruptura de la solidaridad alcanzada por el sentido común neoliberal. A nuestro parecer, ante los retos actuales, ambos movimientos, con sus especificidades e idiosincrasias, necesitan explorar nuevas vías de acción colectiva.
¿Hacia dónde van las relaciones laborales en Argentina? Reflexiones a partir de los procesos de movilización recientes
Authors: D’Urso Lucila
Published: December 2018

El objetivo del presente artículo es analizar los procesos de movilización de Argentina en el marco de las reformas económicas y político institucionales que tuvieron lugar a partir del año 2015, con el cambio de gobierno. En esta dirección, se focaliza en el accionar de las centrales sindicales distinguiendo las tensiones entre cúpulas y bases y, también, el modo en que el sindicalismo tradicional articuló su accionar con otros actores sociales tales como los trabajadores desocupados e informales y el movimiento de mujeres. Los siguientes interrogantes guían la investigación: ¿En qué medida los cambios en la coyuntura económica y político institucional incidieron en las formas de organización y acción colectiva de los trabajadores?; ¿Qué tipos de estrategias configuraron las centrales sindicales y demás movimientos y actores sociales para enfrentar las políticas de austeridad del gobierno?; ¿Hasta qué punto los procesos de movilización recientes inciden en la configuración que asumen/asumirán las relaciones laborales?
El acceso a la ocupación en contexto de migración intra-europea: recursos relacionales y formas de enfrentar la incertidumbre
Authors: Thomàs-Vanrell Caterina
Published: December 2018

El articulo explica los procesos de migración y acceso al trabajo de 57 jóvenes y adultos de origen español en la ciudad de Toulouse (Francia). El período de referencia (2012-2015) se sitúa en la inmediata recesión que afectó las posibilidades de empleo de gran parte de la población de este territorio. El contexto de acogida es un entorno favorable para encontrar un trabajo, en el periodo en que se realizó la investigación, tanto para personas con un alto nivel de cualificación y exigencia en las condiciones de empleo buscadas, como para personas con un nivel de formación inferior. El estudio se centra en tres aspectos principales que permiten delimitar las dinámicas de movilidad e inserción profesional: la influencia de las relaciones en este proceso, los medios formales e informales implicados en el acceso al empleo y sus características, y la influencia de los itinerarios de movilidad para explicar los procesos de inserción profesional. Los resultados evidencian que las personas pueden utilizar las relaciones del contexto académico, profesional o de amistades para encontrar un trabajo, y al mismo tiempo combinarlas con medios diversos, de los que se distinguen tres categorías: los formales o dispositivos de mediación, los informales o relacionales y los contactos directos o las candidaturas espontáneas.
我需要去解决。在数字化多语种的挑战下，从事翻译（笔译、口译）的学生和专业人员的需求及其使用工具的问题。
Authors: Briales Isabel , Alonso Elisa , Filsinger Gustavo
Published: December 2018

全球数字化革命与当今多语种社会的挑战相结合，培养合格公民的任务充满挑战。几十年来，包括翻译在内的各种学科，一直都在研究多语制、第二语言习得以及数字能力， 因此便有大量有关翻译技能的文献和证明，其中不仅包括用多种语言进行交流的能力, 还包括使用工具的次能力。本文旨在描述抽样调查的翻译系（TEI）学生其需求，以及其使用的工具和资源。因此，进行了一项调查，有110名学生参与其中 (大多数为巴勃罗·德奥拉维德大学的学生，但也包括参与Erasmus计划的、来自布里斯托尔大学和乌尔斯特大学的学生) ，同时，将调查结果与阿隆索在2015年针对412名专业译者的相似调查进行了比较。在这两个调查中，可以看出对于词典、术语和文献的需求似乎是最为迫切的。不同于专业译员，对于学生们来说，移动设备的使用是必不可少的。此外，在学习的过程中，学生们似乎表现出了建构性动力，因为相对来说，他们频繁地的求助同学和老师，这种趋势值得深究。无论是学生还是专业译员，他们都不常使用机器翻译。研究结果表明，研究对象似乎倾向于采用外部资源 （技术或人力）来弥补其多语言能力上的差距。
Asistencia personal: equiparación de derechos y oportunidades. Comparativa entre Suecia y España
Authors: López Pérez Mercedes , Ruiz Seisdedos Susana
Published: December 2018

Con el nacimiento y desarrollo del Movimiento de Vida Independiente, las personas con diversidad funcional tomaron conciencia de sus derechos como ciudadanos. Uno de estos es el derecho a vivir de forma independiente y a ser incluido en la comunidad y para hacerlo realidad es fundamental la asistencia personal. Con la llegada de este movimiento a Europa, y gracias a sus demandas, se han puesto en marcha diferentes iniciativas de asistencia personal y se han aprobado normativas nacionales que la regulan. En este artículo se analizan las políticas públicas sobre asistencia personal que se están implementando en Suecia y su comparación con las existentes en nuestro país.
THE IMPACT OF ROAD COMPLEXITYON THE PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL LOAD EXPERIENCED BY CAR DRIVERS USING ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY (EEG) MEASUREMENT OF BRAINWAVES
Authors: Sugiono Sugiono , Denny Widhayanuriyawan , Andriani Debrina Puspita
Published: December 2018

A driver’s mental and physical states while driving on hazardous roads significantly determine the incident of traffic accident. The objectives of this paper are to analyze the impact of road complexity on the psychophysiological load experienced by drivers through the use of Electroencephalography (EEG). Three conditions were examined through driving simulation, namely motorway, rural road, and city road.

The data were collected from three respondents (drivers) who had different driving experiences, including < 3 years, 3 to 5 years, and > 5 years. Besides, each respondent would go through two tests with different situations: a normal situation and interfered situation (noises). The tool used was Emotive EPOC neuroheadset with 5 channels (electrode) which represent brain parts, such as the frontal (AF3 and AF4), temporal (T7 and T8), and parietal/occipital Pz.

The simulation test results show that the beta signal for the motorway road situation in the occipital lobe, which functioned as visual, is more dominant compared to electrodes in other parts. Meanwhile, data from the rural road and the city road indicate a strong signal of emotions and visuals. In addition, based on the metrics performance result, the drivers’ level of stress reached its highest on the city road, as much as 45, followed by the rural road = 44 and the motorway = 42. While for the concentration index, the city road achieved 47, the rural road = 50 and the motorway = 53.

EEG can be used as the basis for drivers performance assessment within different road situations so that the alert system for drivers can be engineered better.
AGGRESSION IN PROFESSIONAL FEMALE DEFENDER SOCCER PLAYERS
Authors: Tharawadeepimuk Kittichai , Wongsawat Yodchanan
Published: December 2018

The goal of the present study was to investigate the effect of competition on brain activity representing aggression. Quantitative electroencephalograms (QEEGs) of Thai professional female soccer team players were analyzed in terms of aggression.

The QEEGs of 17 soccer players were recorded three times: twice before a competition (once per week) and one week after the competition.

There was a significant increase in the beta frequency band associated with the Fp1, Fp2, F7, and F8 positions as the competition approached. The changes in brain activity were observed in two patterns: the first was an increase in the intensity level of brain processing (presented in terms of brain topographic maps as absolute power), and the second was the magnitude of the amplitude at each of the EEG channels between the hemispheres (presented in terms of brain connectivity as amplitude asymmetry).

Consequently, QEEG values were examined as they related to aggression. In the statistical analysis, paired-sample t tests confirmed that an aggressive phenomenon occurred as the competition approached. In addition, the aggressive phenomenon was found in the brain activity of players with defensive soccer positions.
Contemporary conditions of recreational activity
Authors: Zdebski Janusz
Published: December 2018

Active human recreational behaviour is a result of both internal, subjective as well as external, situational factors. The need of emotional stimulation is a significant factor determining the form of recreational activity. It induces a man to engage in risky behaviour to have new, strong emotional experience. This need is best explained by Zuckerman’s concept. The search for experiences is biologically conditioned. Promoting fashion for recreational activity in the society is the result of perceiving its positive impact on human health. On the other hand, the progressing commercialization of all spheres of social life has contributed to the promotion of recreational activity as a product for sale. For people, recreational activity is an embodiment of free choice and allows for full creation, which corresponds to the fact that in post-industrial societies it displaces work from the centre of social systems. The best effects for a man are brought by recreational activity carried out as an expression of the internal needs of the individual.
Kritická analýza judikatury Soudního dvora EU ve věcech určení mezinárodní příslušnosti soudů v případě pomluvy a porušení osobnostních práv na internetu
Authors: Kyselovská Tereza
Published: December 2018

Tento článek se věnuje analýze kritéria pro určení příslušnosti soudů spočívající v „místě škodné události“ pro spory vyplývající z pomluvy a porušení osobnostních práv informacemi zveřejněnými na internetu, které je upraveno v článku 7 odst. 2 Nařízení Brusel Ibis. Předmětem analýzy jsou rozhodnutí Soudního dvora EU ve věcech Bier, Shevill, eDate a Bolagsupplysningen, ve kterých Soudní dvůr EU mimo jiné vytvořil tzv. „mozaiku“ pro žaloby na náhradu škody a nové jurisdikční kritérium „centrum zájmů poškozeného“. Tato rozhodnutí jsou kriticky analyzována z pohledu povahy šíření informací na internetu a vhodnosti a účelnosti této interpretace v kontextu cílů a principů, na kterých je Nařízení Brusel Ibis založeno.
Právní status a postmortální ochrana nascitura v České republice
Authors: Valc Jakub
Published: December 2018

Otázkami souvisejícími s počátkem lidského života a jeho statusem v průběhu prenatálního vývoje se již od nepaměti zabývají odborníci nejen z oblasti biologie, filozofie či etiky, ale také právní vědy. V tomto ohledu se diskuze zaměřuje zejména na zodpovězení výchozí otázky, zda je již embryo či plod nositelem práva na život. Nelze však opominout, že každý začátek života má přirozeně také svůj konec. Z toho důvodu je nutné zabývat se tím, zda je nasciturovi poskytována náležitá ochrana za předpokladu, že se nedožije porodu. Přestože nebyla v minulosti věnována této problematice zvýšená pozornost, v ČR ke změně došlo v souvislosti s přijetím novely zákona o pohřebnictví a souvisejících právních předpisů, která se zásadním způsobem dotkla rovněž oblasti nakládání s pozůstatky dítěte, které se nedožilo porodu, včetně jeho postmortální ochrany. Cílem článku je analýza dotčené právní úpravy, a to včetně její komparace s právními předpisy, které poskytují nasciturovi během života odlišnou úroveň právní ochrany než po smrti.
Diskreční pravomoc veřejné správy v intencích české a zahraniční právní vědy a praxe
Authors: Gonsiorová Barbora
Published: December 2018

Aplikace diskreční pravomoci, jehož produktem jest diskreční rozhodnutí správního orgánu, je nevyhnutelným institutem českého správního práva. Bylo by však mylné domnívat se, že se jedná o právní institut ryze český. Je tomu právě naopak. Vyskytuje se i v mnoha zahraničních právních úpravách, a to jak angloamerických tak kontinentálních. Jeho vnímání, výklad a aplikace se však v zahraničním pojetí může lišit. Pro účely předkládaného článku byly shromážděny zahraniční poznatky k problematice diskrečního rozhodování, které představují jeho výchozí zaměření a zároveň prostředek ke zkoumání jejich použitelnosti v českém právním prostředí. Hlavním účelem článku je přitom získání a prezentace nových poznatků k problematice diskrečního rozhodování.
Zplnomocnění zástupci Prezidenta Ruské federace
Authors: Hradský Kamil
Published: December 2018

Právní institut Zplnomocněných zástupců Prezidenta Ruské federace prošel v rámci své existence řadou podstatných změn. Jejich současnou právní i faktickou podobu determinuje snaha Vladimíra Putina centralizovat federaci a posílit tzv. vertikálu státní moci. Cílem tohoto článku je kritická analýza zplnomocněných zástupců a jejich podpůrného aparátu, která by měla napovědět, jakým způsobem je uplatňována prezidentská moc v jednotlivých subjektech Ruské federace. Článek se dále nevyhýbá problematice federálních okruhů majících pro futuro potenciál nahradit subjekty federace a vytvořit tak snáze centrálně řízený stát, tzn., opětovně navrátit dvouúrovňový systém státní moci.
Revision of the Oriental species of the genus Sphegina Meigen, 1822 (Diptera: Syrphidae)
Authors: Van Steenis Jeroen , Hippa Heikki , Mutin Valeri A.
Published: December 2018

The Oriental species of the genus Sphegina Meigen, 1822 are revised. The following 43 new species are described: Sphegina (Sphegina) abbreviata sp. nov. (Nepal), S. (S.) angustata sp. nov. (Nepal), S. (Asiosphegina) albolobata sp. nov. (Vietnam), S. (Asiosphegina) amplistylus sp. nov. (Philippines), S. (A.) atrimanus sp. nov. (Vietnam), S. (A.) bifida sp. nov. (Sabah, Malaysia), S. (A.) bracon sp. nov. (Vietnam), S. (A.) brevipilis sp. nov. (China), S. (A.) clavigera sp. nov. (Vietnam), S. (A.) collicola sp. nov. (Malaysia), S. (A.) crinita sp. nov. (Java, Indonesia; Malaysia), S. (A.) dentata sp. nov. (Taiwan), S. (A.) distincta sp. nov. (Vietnam), S. (A.) exilipes sp. nov. (Java, Indonesia), S. (A.) farinosa sp. nov. (Sabah, Malaysia), S. (A.) fimbriata sp. nov. (Thailand), S. (A.) furcillata sp. nov. (Vietnam), S. (A.) ghatsi sp. nov. (India), S. (A.) gigantea sp. nov. (China), S. (A.) granditarsis sp. nov. (China), S. (A.) hamulata sp. nov. (India), S. (A.) hauseri sp. nov. (Nepal), S. (A.) incretonigra sp. nov. (Vietnam), S. (A.) inflata sp. nov. (Philippines), S. (A.) inventum sp. nov. (Sabah, Malaysia), S. (A.) karnataka sp. nov. (India), S. (A.) licina sp. nov. (Thailand), S. (A.) lobulata sp. nov. (Vietnam), S. (A.) lucida sp. nov. (Vietnam), S. (A.) nigrotarsata sp. nov. (Vietnam), S. (A.) nubicola sp. nov. (Thailand), S. (A.) ornata sp. nov. (China), S. (A.) perlobata sp. nov. (Taiwan), S. (A.) plautus sp. nov. (China), S. (A.) prolixa sp. nov. (Malaysia, Thailand), S. (A.) setosa sp. nov. (Nepal, India), S. (A.) spathigera sp. nov. (Philippines), S. (A.) spenceri sp. nov. (Vietnam), S. (A.) strigillata sp. nov. (Vietnam), S. (A.) taiwanensis sp. nov. (Taiwan), S. (A.) umbrosa sp. nov. (China), S. (A.) verrucosa sp. nov. (Vietnam) and S. (A.) vietnamensis sp. nov. (Vietnam). Sphegina (A.) tenuis Brunetti, 1915 is not a synonym of S. (A.) javana de Meijere, 1914. The males of S. (A.) apicalis Shiraki, 1930, S. (A.) tricoloripes Brunetti, 1915 and S. (A.) varidissima Shiraki, 1930 and the females of S. (A.) achaeta Hippa, van Steenis & Mutin, 2015, S. (A.) index Hippa, van Steenis & Mutin, 2015, S. (A.) mirifica Hippa, van Steenis & Mutin, 2015 and S. (S.) quadriseta Huo & Ren, 2006 are described for the first time. Sphegina (S.) quadriseta is recorded for the first time in the Oriental region. A key to all the Oriental species of Sphegina is provided. The Oriental fauna of Sphegina now comprises 94 species.
The public’s exposure to and perception of noise in aquatic facilities: a pilot study
Authors: Lowry Jana , Hon Chun-Yip
Published: December 2018

Exposure to noise in recreational settings is a major public health concern. Under the Ontario Occupational Health and Safety Act, workers shall not be exposed to noise levels in excess of 85 dB over an 8-h period. It is generally accepted that the public’s exposure to noise be held to this same standard. The current pilot study explored whether the public is being exposed to excessive noise in indoor aquatic facilities across the Greater Toronto Area and, if so, at what levels. To our knowledge, no other study has explored this topic. Eight separate facilities were assessed using sound level meters to capture LAeq, LApeak, and LAS > 85 dB exceedance/duration. Public perception of noise was determined using self-administered questionnaires. LAeq ranged from 73.6 dB–82.3 dB and LApeak ranged from 102.2 dB–122 dB. Although the LAeq did not exceed the legislated standard, LApeak values were high. Noise levels were mainly associated with the type of activity in the pool and whistle blowing. Overall, the public were indifferent to the noise levels, despite the LApeak being quite high. Further studies are recommended to explore this topic, with a particular emphasis on comparison of different activities within the same facility.
Designing Mathematical Interactions for English Learners
Authors: Chu Haiwen , Hamburger Leslie
Published: December 2018

Five types of engaging peer-interaction structures can support English learners as they make sense of mathematics and explore important mathematical relationships.
Making Math Social with Dialogue Protocols
Authors: Sela Hagit , Davis Nicole , Hulse Jennifer
Published: December 2018

Teachers reflect on how three dialogue protocols can promote meaningful and efficient communication and learning through social interactions.
Equal Pay Day
Authors: Sosenke E. Fanny
Published: December 2018

April 10, 2018, was “Equal Pay Day.” In the United States, on average, women earn less than men, which means that they must work more days to earn the same amount of pay. Equal Pay Day represents how many more days women must work to earn what men earned in the previous year.
Measurement equivalence between men and women in the abbreviated Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale for Adults (SELSA).
Authors: Pollet Thomas V. , Saxton Tamsin K. , Mitchell Melanie
Published: December 2018

Health practitioners, policy-makers, and psychologists point to legitimate concerns about the negative impact of loneliness. To help resolve such negative impact, we need to better understand the psychometric structure of loneliness. Men’s and women’s differing social roles may mean that they experience different sources of loneliness. After matching via exact matching, we compared men and women’s scores (N = 273) on the abbreviated form of the Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale for Adults (SELSA) using confirmatory factor analysis and measurement invariance testing. We replicated the three-factor structure of the SELSA, thereby providing further evidence for differing etiologies of family, romantic, and social loneliness. We found no good evidence for gender differences in the structure of the questionnaire answers, indicating that the SELSA can be used to further illuminate the implications of loneliness for men and women.
Introduktion
Authors: Rostbøll Christian F
Published: December 2018

Introduktion
Regeringsautonomi og delegeringstab i dansk EU-politik: Et principal-agent teoretisk perspektiv
Authors: Pedersen Rasmus Bruun
Published: December 2018

Where do states’ positions on EU-integration come from? Despite a large number of studies we simply do not know which factors determine states’ positions in specific cases and why. This article analyses position making between ‘governments’ and ‘parliaments’ during the Maastricht Treaty negotiations. Furthermore, an analysis of the role of information asymmetries as intermediating factors in generating ‘influence on position’ will be carried out. The question asked is: Do governments enjoy relative autonomy vis-à-vis the Folketing that enables them to develop ‘positions’ they feel are in ‘the national interest’ or is Parliament able to control government behavior? The conclusions indicate that Parliaments control governmental positions, but also that governments, are able to exploit the negotiations to pursue certain ‘policy drifts’. The research design used is an in-dept single case study that analyses the level of inFluence on a multitude of different issues varied over the conflict level between the actors.
Religiøse symboler, religionsfrihed og det offentlige rum: „Stormoskeer“ i København
Authors: Lægaard Sune
Published: December 2018

The paper presents recent Danish debates about so-called ‘grand-mosques’ in Copenhagen as examples of political controversies over religious symbols in public space. Following a discussion of in what sense mosques will be religious symbols, and what ‘public space’ can mean, the paper investigates freedom of religion as a general principle for how public authorities ought to relate to religion with particular focus on the regulation of religious symbols in public space. Freedom of religion can be understood in different ways, e.g. as based on religious neutrality, as an expression of religious toleration, or as grounded on respect. Thee paper argues that freedom of religion in Denmark is more plausibly understood as a relation of collective but only partial recognition and that religious symbols in public space should be discussed within this framework.
Kirke, opera og stormoske: Retskulturelle overvejelser over monumentalarkitektur
Authors: Petersen Hanne
Published: December 2018

The article analyses the notions of legal culture and monumental architecture. It is presumed that symbolic monumental architecture can be interpreted as legal cultural representations and thereby illustrate legal cultural changes. It is exemplified by the Opera and the debates on grand-mosques in Copenhagen. The claim of the article is that these buildings, the opera and the grand-mosques, can be understood as the growth of a post-national marked based legal culture in contrast to a post-national religious based legal culture.
Introduktion
Authors: Gad Ulrik Pram , Schlæger Jesper , Strandsbjerg Jeppe
Published: December 2018

Introduktion
Folkeskolen og politisk kultur
Authors: Pedersen Ove Kaj
Published: December 2018

In 2006, the description in the law of the aim of the Danish Public Primary School, the People’s School, was changed. This change sheds light on the view of the individual in the Competition State. The article demonstrates how this view is different from the view of the individual in the Welfare State. Now the public primary school has as its task to educate the students to participate in the development of the national competitiveness of Danish society in the global economic competition.
Frit skolevalg og lighed
Authors: Hansen Claus
Published: December 2018

The article discusses the normative implications of school choice in a Danish context. It focuses on two nor- mative principles – the principle of equality and the communitarian principle – and demonstrates how school choice can be criticized by appealing to both principles. More controversially, it argues that school choice cannot be justified with reference to parental rights. Parents do have the freedom to engage in activities with their children that jeopardize the principle of equality and the communitarian principle, but school choice is not one of them. Two Danish models of reducing the undesirable consequences of school choice are discussed: the Copenhagen Model and the Aarhus Model, respectively. The conclusion is that, given certain empirical assumptions, forcing school children to move to another school than the district school can be justified.
Undvigestrategier – en tilføjelse til europæiseringslitteraturen
Authors: Kjærgaard Nikoline Holm
Published: December 2018

Despite a large literature on Europeanization, we still know relatively little about how civil servants act in those instances where national policy conflicts with EU-law. This article examines this gap in the knowledge by developing taxonomy of evasion strategies that national actors may apply in an attempt to resist change inflicted upon national policy by the EU. They are: a) Up-loading; b) Use of veto points; c) Communica- tion; d) Issue-linking; e) Implementation. These evasion strategies are derived from a screening of existing Europeanization studies. The article applies the taxonomy of evasion strategies to a case study of Denmark’s implementation of Directive 2004/38/EC on freedom of movement in the EU, and argues that civil servants to a large extent made use of such evasion strategies.
Introduktion
Authors: Blach-Ørsten Mark , Hansen Søren Lomholt , Holde Marie Schelde , Grøn Caroline Howard
Published: December 2018

Introduktion
Perspektiver for dansk udenrigspolitisk aktivisme Rasmus Brun Pedersen
Authors: Pedersen Rasmus Brun
Published: December 2018

In recent years ‘activism’ has been a defining character of Danish foreign policy. The article argues that there is more activism rather than a new form of active adaptation, as suggested in the Danish foreign policy literature. The argument is that different versions of activism have gradually replaced the reactive adaptation often associated with Danish foreign policy during the Cold War. Activism is not a well described concept in the Danish foreign policy tradition, however. The article argues that activism as a foreign policy strategy has some basic defining features but also that activism has developed through different phases after the end of the Cold War.
Introduktion: De arabiske revolter – oprør i samfund og videnskab
Authors: Valbjørn Morten , Greenwood Maja Touzari Janesdatter
Published: December 2018

Introduktion
Islamister i åpnere landskap: Hvilken rolle i det nye Midtøsten?
Authors: Utvik Bjørn Olav
Published: December 2018

The political successes of Islamists following the Arab uprisings of 2011 makes understanding Islamism more important than ever. ey have long been central to oppositional politics in the Arab world. Now they may well become a dominant factor in the emerging new regimes. A necessary starting point is to recognise that the Islamists played a pivotal role in the Arab spring from the start. Furthermore, to grasp the possible ways in which the Islamists may in uence developments to come, research must turn away from essentialising their Islamic ideology and discover the contradictory impulses driving these complex and dynamic social movements.
Forår i studiet af arabiske medier
Authors: Skovgaard-Petersen Jakob
Published: December 2018

Although dating back to the late 19th century, research in Arab media has been weak and marginal until the 1990s. Around that time, the deregulation and privatization of media, and the rise of pan-Arab satellite TV, had led to a dramatic increase in the quality and impact of the Arab media, locally, regionally and gradually even globally. Scholarship has taken up a number of themes – big and small media; local and regional public; Saudization; translocal Islamic identity; TV-dramas as social comment, blogs – that were clearly visible in this new, invigorated media environment. Along with these themes, there has been an ongoing discussion about the democratic potential of the new, competitive media, and the events of 2011 will be seen as a con rma- tion of their political impact. is again raises questions as to the changes in Arab media that the political transformations will bring about.
”Hvorfor så meget stabilitet”? Stabiliserende elementer i det danske politiske system
Authors: Munkøe Malthe
Published: December 2018

Social choice research has shown that collective preference aggregation mechanisms under some conditions will produce arbitrary results, and are prone to endless cycles or strategic manipulation. is prompted Tul- lock (1981) to ask the question “Why so much stability”? at is to say, what explains the discrepancy between these results which implicates that politics is chaotic and random, and general understanding of how politics works in practice. e literature has identi ed a number of mechanisms, including “structure-inducing” in- stitutions that have a stabilizing e ect on the political system. As such it is ultimately an empirical question to what extent a political system is stable or not, and what institutions, norms and arrangements engender stability. is article considers the Danish political system from the point of view of social choice theory and discusses which institutions and arrangements work to stabilize it.
Indledning
Authors: Schlæger Jesper
Published: December 2018

Indledning
Netværksstyring af e-government
Authors: Löfgren Karl
Published: December 2018

This aim of a more integrated e-government, which goes beyond the establishment of ’single’ governmental websites, calls for both horizontal, as well as vertical integration of otherwise separate public agencies and au- thorities who are supposed to collaborate towards ’joint’ and ’needs-based’ electronic solutions to the bene t of citizens. Consequently, many of the current endeavours of integrating government information systems is best described in terms of ’network governance’ in which interdependent, yet autonomous, agents through in- stitutionalised network arrangements, are in charge for the actual implementation of the policy. While many authors have described this implementation processes in purely technical interoperability terms, the article frames this development as a policy process of governing self-regulating networks. is paper is primarily a theoretical think piece in a systematic framework for the analysis of meta-governing the policy process of electronic government is presented. In addition to the value of presenting a more systematic framework of di erent forms of governing network, it seeks to discuss these forms also sheds light on whether or not the on-going process of vertical and horizontal integration leads to centralisation, and also how it can enhance our chances for better democratic control and accountability. Our arguments will be supported by empirical illustrations mainly adopted from Scandinavian research.
Theoretical framework for analysing green web applications
Authors: Scheele Christian Elling
Published: December 2018

This paper evaluates the appeal of four Danish green web applications. e purpose of the web application is to incentivise behavioural changes aimed at securing a long term sustainable climate by reducing CO2- emissions. e applications are placed in a theoretical framework. is framework shows the dialectical rela- tionship between hardware, software, practice, and discourse. e empirical basis excludes the hardware level. e web applications constitute the software level. Practice is in this case understood in a neo-institutional perspective. e discursive level is the Danish political consensus regarding the need for action in regard to CO2-emissions. e purpose of the evaluation of the appeal of each web application is to test the following hypothesis: A green web application’s appeal bene ts from employing multiple potentially opposed incentives. After establishing the theoretical framework each web application will be analysed according to a template of pa- rameters. e comparative analysis shows how the individual neo-institutional mechanics operates di erently in each application. Each “institution” plays its own role in regard to applications, however it will be argued that an application could bene t from containing elements from all the institutions – both in regard to their appeal and with respect to their key functionality: incentivising behavioural changes.