bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Present-day and future Greenland Ice Sheet precipitation frequency from satellite observations and an Earth System Model
Authors: Lenaerts Jan T. M. , Camron M. Drew , Wyburn-Powell Christopher R. , Kay. Jennifer E.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. The dominant mass input component of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) is precipitation, whose amounts and phase are poorly constrained by observations. Here we use spaceborne radar observations from CloudSat to map the precipitation frequency and phase on the GrIS, and use those observations, in combination with a satellite simulator to enable direct comparison between observations and model, to evaluate present-day precipitation frequency in the Community Earth System Model (CESM). The observations show that substantial variability of snowfall frequency over the GrIS exists, that snowfall occurs throughout the year, and snowfall frequency peaks in Spring and Fall. Rainfall is rare over the GrIS, and only occurs in regions under 2000 m elevation and to the peak summer season. Although CESM overestimates the rainfall frequency, it reproduces the spatial and seasonal variability of precipitation frequency reasonably well. Driven by a high-emission, worst-case RCP8.5 scenario, CESM indicates that rainfall frequency will increase considerably across the GrIS, and will occur at higher elevations, potentially exposing a much larger GrIS area to rain and associated meltwater refreezing, firn warming, and reduced storage capacity. This technique can be applied to evaluate precipitation frequency in other climate models, and can aid in planning future satellite campaigns.
Comparative Analysis on Shariah Governance in Malaysia: SGF 2010, IFSA 2013 and SGPD 2019
Authors: Kamaruddin Muhammad Iqmal Hisham , Hanefah Mustafa Mohd , Shafii Zurina , Salleh Supiah , Zakaria Nurazalia
Published: February 2020

The main focus of shariah governance for an organization is to ensure that it is comply with shariah laws and regulations. Under Islamic finance industry, shariah governance is being given attention due to rapid growth of this industry in the world. For Malaysia, the authority through Bank Negara Malaysia (BNM) have taken a proactive role by introducing shariah governance guidelines including the Shariah Governance Framework (SGF) 2010, the Islamic Financial Services Act (IFSA) 2013 and the latest is the Shariah Governance Policy Document (SGPD) 2019. These shariah governance guidelines are supposed to support the development of shariah governance practices especially by Islamic Financial Institutions (IFIs) in Malaysia. However, there is limited to none study conducted to compare these guidelines. These shariah governance guidelines is necessary to be compared in order to find out whether these guidelines are complemented each other and to identify any differences among these guidelines. Therefore, the aim of this study is to compare between these shariah governance guidelines. Based on the analysis, it has been found that SGPD 2019 is the most comprehensive covers on shariah governance as compared to IFSA 2013 and SGF 2010. However, these three guidelines still not become comprehensive enough, as there is still limited to none discussion on the definition and objectives of shariah governance itself.
The Effectiveness of Direct and Indirect Written Corrective Feedback on English Collocation Competency: A Quasi – Experiment
Authors: Fhaeizdhyall Abang
Published: February 2020

The primary aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of direct and indirect written corrective feedback (WCF) on English collocational competency of high-performing ESL learners. The study also sought to compare possible differences in the effect of two WCF strategies that help the researcher in identifying the appropriate WCF strategy in improving learners’ collocational competency in the context of the study. Additionally, retention effect of WCF is also investigated in delayed post-tests. Eighty-eight high-performing ESL learners of a public university participated in the quasi-experimental study of two experimental groups and one control group. A series of test namely pre-test, immediate post-test and delayed post-test was administered to collect the data. The groups are labelled ‘Direct group’ that received direct WCF treatment (n=33), ‘Indirect group’ that received indirect WCF (n=25), and ‘Control group’ that received no treatment (n=25). A set of collocation test that was developed by Gyllstad (2009) was adopted and a pilot test was conducted prior to the actual study. The participants were tested in three point of time (pre-test, immediate post-test, and delayed post-test). The findings indicate that there is a positive effect of direct and indirect WCF strategies on collocational competence. Furthermore, direct WCF has the most effect in improving collocational competency of the participants. Finally, both WCF strategies are proven statistically in retaining their effects as demonstrated in the results of delayed post-test. Suggestion for future studies are also discussed.
Roots of (African American) Rhetorical Theory in Frederick Douglass's My Bondage and My Freedom
Authors: Bridges D'Angelo
Published: February 2020

This article explores the roots of (African American) rhetorical theory through an examination of Frederick Douglass's My Bondage and My Freedom. Rhetorical theory in this case is a forcible call for antislavery unity between races that at the same time rejects notions of the body as a racial essence. This essay attempts to make Douglass's rhetorical theory clear so that we can better understand how the key term functions today.
Theory Again
Authors: Mailloux Steven
Published: February 2020

Critical theory is motivated by exigencies internal and external to academic disciplines. This essay discusses some of these motivations, in particular the need to address extreme divisions and polarized conflicts within the wider culture, especially in the domains of politics and religion. Theory can articulate the conditions of possibility for dialogue across radical difference. Such rhetorical theorizing is illustrated in the work of Jacques Derrida and Gaston Fessard, both concerned with political theology. In these two figures, with their different relations to religion and ontotheology, we see notable ways that critical theory emerged out of secular late modernity and its others. That emergence includes a break with earlier forms of philosophical reflection on how communication is accomplished across cultural differences and how the boundary between the secular and the religious is traversed, but the particular content of this transformation also demonstrates a political-theological continuity.
APUNTES SOBRE EL CONCEPTO DE MOTIVACIÓN DE LAS DECISIONES JUDICIALES
Authors: Ferrer Beltrán Jordi
Published: February 2020

El artículo tiene como objetivo ofrecer un panorama de los problemas que enfrenta la motivación de las resoluciones judiciales. Así, se intenta responder básicamente a tres cuestiones: ¿qué se motiva?, ¿qué significa motivar dado el rol de la función judicial? Y, derivado de ellas, ¿cuáles son las exigencias para una correcta motivación?
LOS DERECHOS COLECTIVOS EN EL MÉXICO DEL SIGLO XIX
Authors: Cruz Parcero Juan Antonio
Published: February 2020

Tradicionalmente se ha considerado que durante el siglo XIX la defensa de algunos derechos y libertades individuales fue parte esencial del discurso liberal y del constitucionalismo mexicano. Sin embargo, estudios recientes sobre el llamado "liberalismo popular" muestran cómo la defensa de algunos derechos colectivos fue una pieza importante de una parte del movimiento liberal. En este trabajo se intenta defender una tesis conceptual y una metodológica a través de un ejemplo histórico: la primera consiste en sostener que los derechos colectivos pueden conceptualmente convivir con un ideario liberal; la segunda, parte de asumir que muchos de los estudios históricos sobre los derechos en México se han enfocado exclusivamente en dar cuenta de la historia de los derechos individuales durante el siglo XIX, desde de un prejuicio ius positivista de estudiar sólo las leyes positivas, ignorando que en los discursos político-jurídicos de la época los derechos colectivos jugaron un rol importante.
Pleidooi voor het invoeren van incidenteel hoger beroep in het Caribische fiscale procesrecht
Authors: Muller P.E.
Published: February 2020

Pleidooi voor het invoeren van incidenteel hoger beroep in het Caribische fiscale procesrecht

Met ingang van 2016 kent het Caribische deel van het Koninkrijk een nieuw fiscaal procesrecht. In de procespraktijk werd de auteur geconfronteerd met de consequenties van het ontbreken van incidenteel hoger beroep in dit fiscale procesrecht. Dat heeft geleid tot het schrijven van een kort artikel waarin de situatie met het Nederlandse fiscale procesrecht wordt vergeleken en waarin de verschuiving van het recours objectif naar het recours subjectif wordt aangestipt en wordt gepleit voor invoering van incidenteel hoger beroep.
SOLUTIONS ENSURING SAFETY DURING TRANSPORT
OF STATE VIPS BY MILITARY AIRFCRAFT (PART 1)
Authors: BARTNIK Ryszard , TATAROWSKI Dariusz
Published: February 2020

It should be observed that for the sake of national welfare, while transporting state VIPs
by military aircraft, the level of risk that is acceptable is lower than in the case of other
passengers. Consequently, normative documentation regarding such transport regulates
a range of issues that is considerably wider and more precisely defined than when
transporting other passengers, relying on the principle “safety above all.” Regulations
contained in normative documents concerning the transport of state VIPs by military
aircraft are to protect not only against human mistakes, which might cause an air incident
during such flights. Normative documents also regulate additional requirements that
concern (1) aviation equipment used during transport of state VIPs by military aircraft
(so as to limit the risk of mechanical failure) and (2) in-depth analysis of environmental
factors (so as to reduce threat to transport safety as a result of adverse weather conditions).
Signs of Appropriation: A Semiotic Account of Breakdowns with IoT Technology
Authors: Chagas Bruno A. , Redmiles David F. , de Souza Clarisse S.
Published: February 2020

The Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging technology powered by smart devices that increasingly populate our environment and transform our practices. Understanding how technologies are appropriated is a key asset for designing them successfully. In this paper, we present findings from an in situ study where we observed how people use and adapt commercially available smart home technology, in real practice, and over time. By using semiotic theory and thematic analysis to investigate data from diaries, questionnaires and interviews collected from a group of eleven participants, we characterized IoT appropriation as interpretive states that can evolve overtime. We also identified eight classes of appropriation breakdowns and derived two semiotic qualities for IoT technologies. We propose that, together, they have the potential to support productive decision making by IoT designers, as well as to raise new research questions on the topic.
Exploring Young Adults’ Understanding and Experience with a Digital Legacy Management System
Authors: H. S. Pereira Fabrício , Tempesta Fernanda , Pimentel Caio , Prates Raquel O.
Published: February 2020

The current society produces and consumes large amounts of digital content, especially young people. Each person accumulates throughout their lives a set of digital items that will constitute their own digital legacy. Recently, a number of works that focus on post-mortem data and technology have been published. Our work adds to the existing body of work, and explores the perspective of Brazilian young adults between the ages of 18 and 24 on digital legacy management systems. We investigate how this public understands the new concepts introduced by this domain, and what are their attitude towards it based on their experience with the different roles offered by the system, namely the account owner, the trusted contact and the heirs. We selected the system Afternote to provide a context for our exploration. The first step in our study was to perform a systematic analysis of the system, followed by two user studies in which young adults explored and shared their views of the system, based on their focus on the role of account owner or trusted contact. Our results show that participants could understand the novel concepts introduced by Afternote, but some of the processes that would take place in the future represented more of a challenge. They believed the system was useful, but raised many issues and costs associated to its use. These results contribute to the ongoing research, evaluation and design of Digital Legacy Management Systems.
Problems and Solutions in the Design for Deaf Persons who are Sign Language Users to Adopt Assistive Technology Products
Authors: Paim Polianna dos Santos , Prietch Soraia Silva
Published: February 2020

Libras is the mother language of people who are Deaf or Hard of Hearing (D/HH) in Brazil, characterizing them as people who use visual cues and signs to communicate with the world. Specialized researchers and educators affirm that people who are D/HH first have to be literate in their mother language (L1, sign language) in order to learn the second language (L2, written language). The teaching-learning process of written language as L2 is still a challenge, subject of many investigations and experimentations. This paper presents results and discussions from exploring and understanding problems and solutions of the design for Deaf persons who are sign language (SL) users to adopt an Assistive Technology (AT) product. This AT product refers to a solution for use in the teaching-learning process of Brazilian Portuguese written language as L2. Our methodological approach is to follow the phases of a framework in proposition, which combines concepts of Co-design, adoption of AT, HumanComputer Interaction lifecycle, Semantic Numbers theory and Writing Process. The framework proposed aims to include codesigners in every phase to guarantee higher chances of being accessible and potentially adopted by the stakeholders. Our results were obtained from two semio-participatory workshops, in which we worked with the Stakeholders Diagram and the Evaluation Frame as co-design artifacts. In the former case, many problems, questions, solutions and ideas were presented by stakeholders, to whom cultural diversity and multimodality were central aspects to be considered in the design of an AT product for Deaf people who are SL users.
Source Code Comprehension and Appropriation by Novice Programmers: Understanding Novice Programmers’ Perception about Source Code Reuse
Authors: Müller Luana , Selbach Silveira Milene , S. de Souza Clarisse
Published: February 2020

Software development practices rely extensively on reusing source code written by other programmers. One of the recurring questions about such practice is how much programmers, acting as users of somebody else’s code, really understand the source code that they inject it in their programs. The question is even more important for novices, who are trying to learn what programming is and how it should be practiced on a larger scale. In this paper we present the results of an ongoing research using a semiotic approach to investigate how novice programmers reuse source code, and how, through messages inscribed in the source code of the programs they write or reuse, they communicate, implicitly or explicitly, what such source code "means" to them and others. We carried out three studies with novice programmers, and results suggest that source code reuse may impact what programmers take their source code to mean.
Mapping the KO Community
Authors: Sandy Heather Moulaison , Dillon Andrew
Published: February 2020

Knowledge organization (KO) is considered a distinctive disciplinary focus of information science, with strong connections to other intellectual domains such as philosophy, computer science, psychology, sociology, and more. Given its inherent interdisciplinarity, we ask what might a map of the physical, cultural, and intellectual geography of the KO community look like? Who is participating in this discipline’s scholarly discussion, and from what locations, both geographically and intellectually? Using the unit of authorship in the journal Knowledge Organization, where is the nexus of KO activity and what patterns of authorship can be identified? Cultural characteristics were applied as a lens to explore who is and is not participating in the international conversation about KO. World Bank GNI per capita estimates were used to compare relative wealth of countries and Hofstede’s Individualism dimension was identified as a way of understanding attributes of countries whose scholars are participating in this dialog. Descriptive statistics were generated through Excel, and data visualizations were rendered through Tableau Public and TagCrowd. The current project offers one method for examining an international and interdisciplinary field of study but also suggests potential for analyzing other interdisciplinary areas within the larger discipline of information science.
Semantic Enrichment of Linked Personal Authority Data: A Case Study of Elites in Late Imperial China
Authors: Chen Shu-Jiun
Published: February 2020

The study uses the Database of Names and Biographies (DNB) as an example to explore how in the transformation of original data into linked data, semantic enrichment can enhance engagement in digital humanities. In the preliminary results, we have defined instance-based and schema-based categories of semantic enrichment. In the instance-based category, in which enrichment occurs by enhancing the content of entities, we further determined three types, including: 1) enriching the entities by linking to diverse external resources in order to provide additional data of multiple perspectives; 2) enriching the entities with missing data, which is needed to satisfy the semantic queries; and, 3) providing the entities with access to an extended knowledge base. In the schema-based categories that enrichment occurs by enhancing the relations between the properties, we have identified two types, including: 1) enriching the properties by defining the hierarchical relations between properties; and, 2) specifying properties’ domain and range for data reasoning. In addition, the study implements the LOD dataset in a digital humanities platform to demonstrate how instances and entities can be applied in the full texts where the relationship between entities are highlighted in order to bring scholars more semantic details of the texts.
Knowledge Organization from a Social Perspective: Thesauri and the Commitment to Cultural Diversity
Authors: Gomes Pablo , Frota Maria Guiomar da Cunha
Published: February 2020

Knowledge organization systems can have linguistic and conceptual formations of social oppression and exclusion. It is information science’s role to be vigilant in perpetuating seditious discourses which end up reaffirming offenses, prejudices and humiliations to certain groups of people, especially those labeled as marginalized, that is, who are not part of the dominant group holding social power. In the quest for this diversity, this study reviews the literature of the area on how thesauri can become more inclusive and on the role of semantic warrant, specific to the philosophical, literary and cultural warrant. This research highlights the need to review thesaurus construction models so that they can be more open and inclusive to the cultural diversity of today’s society, formed by social actors who claim their spaces and representations. To this end, guidelines are suggested for the construction of thesauri procedures that allow cultural warrant receptivity.
Was bringt, was bewirkt Open Government? (Teil 2)
Authors: Wewer Göttrik
Published: February 2020

Die Open Government Partnership hat zuletzt einige Anstrengungen unternommen, die Zweifel zu zerstreuen, ob ein offeneres Regieren und Verwalten wirklich das bringt, was sich manche davon erhoffen. Ob man darin einen erfolgreichen Reformansatz sieht, hängt unter anderem davon ab, welche Ziele damit erreicht werden sollen, welche Maßstäbe angelegt werden und wie diese Kriterien überprüft werden. Sofern sie Open Government nicht als einen Selbstzweck ansehen, sondern als ein Mittel zum Zweck, um höhere Ziele zu erreichen, wollen die globale Plattform, die deutsche Regierung und die politischen Aktivisten, die für sich in Anspruch nehmen, für die so genannte Zivilgesellschaft zu sprechen, vordergründig das Gleiche, aber bei genauerem Hinsehen verfolgen sie doch auch unterschiedliche Interessen. Unabhängige Forschung könnte hinsichtlich der Erwartungen, Erfolgskriterien und Bewertungen eines offeneren Regierens und Verwaltens mehr Klarheit in die Diskussion bringen.
Die methodengerechte Auflösung marktmachtbedingter Interessenkonflikte
durch § 19 Abs. 2 Nr. 1 GWB
Authors: Krohn Tobias
Published: February 2020

At least since the beginning of the digital revolution and the associated concentration tendencies in many markets, antitrust control of market power has become increasingly important. For economic reasons alone, however, market power must not be penalised, but must be seen as an ambivalent phenomenon. There is no methodical alternative to a competition-oriented balancing of interests. However, it exposes antitrust law practice and science to an (apparent) casuistry of individual cases. The mandate addressed to them can therefore only be: rationality through method. Building on a methodological and legal foundation, the author takes on this task. He develops a balancing structure that fits into the system of market power control with its implications for contract theory and competition economics. Within this grid, as a review of the current situation shows, the BGH's [Federal Court of Justice] ruling practice on Section 19 (2) no. 1 GWB can be described as consistent.
Kommunalpolitik und -parlamente in Bayern
Authors: Kronschnabel Manuel
Published: February 2020

This study researches the development of Bavarian local government between 2002 and 2014 and offers a broad range of basic and advanced knowledge on this field. Its main focus is the change in the local election system in 2010: What impact has the new method of allocating parliamentary seats had on the structure of local parliaments, on their ability to function and on local decision-making processes? Besides an extensive structural analysis of the local election and party system, this study also provides a broad empirical survey, in which 262 members of local governments from the 74 largest local authority districts in Bavaria were interviewed. Its key findings are that the fragmentation of Bavarian local parliaments is rising continuously, also as a result of the change to the electoral system. The consequences of this development are noticeable in many local authorities and are causing increasing difficulties for local governments in larger cities especially.
Die europäische Energieverwaltung vor dem Hintergrund des Integrationsgefüges in der Europäischen Union
Authors: Scholz René
Published: February 2020

Challenges in the European energy sector have become so extensive that they cannot be met purely on a national level, but require joint multi-directional European solutions. Complex structures and procedures involving diverse administrative elements and networks have thus emerged, through which a cooperative EU administrative body on energy frames both the political decision-making and legislative action of the Union in this respect, as well as legal implementation as such.

This book examines these structures and multilevel cooperation, and the role of supranational and national energy actors, from the standpoint and as an example of European administrative integration. It offers a comprehensive view of EU energy administration, highlights efficiency failings in this regard and points to potential ways of optimising the achievement of European Union energy policy goals.
Tätigkeitsbezug als Sachgrund der Befristung des Arbeitsvertrags
Authors: Roth Christian
Published: February 2020

Based on a new, comprehensive approach, this work places the objective reasons for fixed-term employment contracts in German labour law under intense scrutiny. As a result of the author considering ECJ case law in this respect, a legally certain assessment criterion for every potential objective reason arises: their specific relation to the occupational context. By comparing this criterion with German law (§ 14 (1) of the TzBfG, Germany’s law on part-time work and fixed-term employment) and the case law in this respect, the author reveals the selective need for substantial modification of the law in question. He points out ways and means to deal with those necessary modifications to ensure that the objective reasons for fixed-term employment contracts in German law conform with EU law.
“Musicalized identities”: South Asian musical Third Space of Enunciation in Britain
Authors: Zriba Hassen
Published: February 2020

Within a multicultural society like Britain, cultural identity has become a pivotal concern for the nation’s various ethnic minorities. South Asian minorities, notably, the third generation, have adopted different strategies of integration within the mainstream British society while attempting to preserve their cultural idiosyncrasies. South Asian identities or what can be generally called “Asianness” manifested themselves in different socio-cultural expressions. Music has been one of those media of cultural and identity expressions. This article argues that music can be deemed as a “Third Space of Enunciation” for the new generations of ethnic minorities in general and South Asian ones in particular. Ethnic or “ethnicized” music seemed to proffer new horizons and possibilities of articulations for British ethnic minorities.
By analysing some contemporary British South Asian musical outputs, we attempt to show how fusion-based and hybrid music was a strategy to mobilize dominant British musical discourses to fight against racism and celebrate cultural identity within the context of multicultural Britain.
The Effectiveness of the Communication Training Program for Combating Violence Against Women
Authors: Şentürk Şener , Kanbur Tuncel Meriç
Published: February 2020

Domestic violence (also named as domestic abuse, battering, or family violence) is a pattern of behaviour which involves violence or other abuse by one person against another in a domestic setting, such as in marriage or cohabitation. Domestic violence against women can be categorized as physical, sexual, psychological or economical violence. It can be seen that women exposed to such types of violence develop physical or psychological problems, even in some cases the violence ends up with domestic homicide or suicide. It is thought that an educational program which will enable these women to reconstruct their self-esteem and look to the future with hope with healing and developing skills should be prepared. Therefore, Elimination of Violence Communication Training Program was prepared and it is aimed to find the effectiveness, positive/negative conditions occurring during the application of the program or the shortcomings of the program.
In this experimental research, pre and post-test control group design was used. The duration of the application of the study was 16 sessions (48 hours). Quantitative data were gathered through "Family Evaluation Scale", which highlights the dimensions of domestic violence against women within the family; "Violence within the Family Scale", which highlights the violence experiences; "Communication Skills Evaluation Scale", which highlights the communication skills; "Life Satisfaction Scale", which scales the life experiences of the participants. In addition, the quantitative data were supported with observation forms, interview records and forms including participant opinions. The participants of the experimental group showed no meaningful relationship between their pre and post test results in terms of communication skills, whereas the sub-categories of violence within the familyverbal violence, emotional response of family functionality, and behaviour control- showed meaningful relationship in favour of post-test and it was found that the mean of pre and post-test results of the experimental group showed an increase in favour of post-test in terms of all dimensions of the scale.
Systematics of the enigmatic South American Streblopus Van Lansberge, 1874 dung beetles and their transatlantic origin: a case study on the role of dispersal events in the biogeographical history of the Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)
Authors: Cupello Mario , Ribeiro-Costa Cibele S. , Vaz-de-Mello Fernando Z.
Published: February 2020

Streblopus Van Lansberge, 1874 has been one of the most mysterious dung beetle groups of the Neotropical fauna, having a rather peculiar morphology, very few known specimens in collections and a difficult placement among the scarabaeine lineages. In this work, based on the examination of a recently collected series of specimens and a synthesis of some scattered, but deeply valuable, information available in the literature, we readdress many of the questions posed by past authors. It is shown that Streblopus is a relict genus composed of two currently living species of widely disjunct distribution, namely S. opatroides Van Lansberge, 1874, from patches of Atlantic Forest in the Brazilian states of Bahia and Espírito Santo, and S. punctatus (Balthasar, 1938), known from a few localities across Sub-Andean humid forests in the Peruvian and Ecuadorian Amazon Forest. We redescribe both and present in detail the evidence pointing to their validity as two independent species; a discussion of their remarkable sexual dimorphism is also given. The biogeography of Streblopus in South America is addressed, and we conclude that the present disjunct distribution of the genus is a consequence of the retreat of the tropical forest corridors that once connected the Atlantic Forest to the Amazon Basin through the South American Dry Diagonal during several periods of the Neogene, particularly until the Middle Miocene. Finally, we propose an African origin for the genus based on its close phylogenetic relationship with a group of Old World taxa ‒ particularly Circellium Latreille, 1825 and Scarabaeini. Having diverged from those groups in the late Upper Cretaceous, we argue that the ancestor of Streblopus arrived in South America crossing the Atlantic Ocean by rafting. We present a synthesis of data from a wide variety of biological groups to support our ideas and contend that long-distance dispersal hypotheses should be taken more seriously by scarab beetle specialists.
A Arte Muralista: um breve tour
Authors: Rubbi Cristiane , Makowiecky Sandra
Published: February 2020

A arte mural apresenta, em sua concepção, uma pujante composição de liberdade artística, que foge da rigidez acadêmica, encontrando, assim, uma grande potencialidade expressiva. Amparado pelo crítico Mario Pedrosa (1981) e pela historiadora de arte Annateresa Fabris (1996), este trabalho consolida-se na tentativa de uma análise histórico-iconográfica que inicia nos primórdios da História da Arte e segue até a contemporaneidade, enveredando pelos conceitos de Foucault (2009). Com base em Panofsky (1989) e seus estudos iconológicos e iconográficos, olhamos para as obras de Hassis, Martinho de Haro, Portinari, Di Cavalcanti, Picasso, entre outros. Valendo-nos dos princípios corbusianos da arquitetura moderna, finalizamos este trabalho na seara das Políticas de Artes Públicas, com destaque à cidade de Florianópolis, no Estado de Santa Catarina.
Assessment of Regional Economic Security Level in Innovative Development
Authors: Arkhipova Lidia S. , Kulikova Elena I.
Published: February 2020

Analysis of the innovative development of the regional economy is a relevant problem due to its role in ensuring the economic security of the country and achieving priority goals. The subject of the research are the regions of one of Russia's most dynamically developing macro-regions â€“ the Volga Federal District. It features innovation clusters, a network of modern manufacturing companies, research organizations. At the same time, it developed a significant territorial heterogeneity of the regional space.Therefore, in the course of the study, a typology of the regions was drafted according to a number of indicators, which made it possible to assess the level of their innovative development and identify zones of relative stability, medium and critical state. A forecast of the main indicators of the innovation component was made showing the ability of the regions to overcome the factors preventing the development of the innovation economy.The research results showed that most of the regions have a medium level of economic security in the field of innovation. The Nizhny Novgorod Region and the Republic of Tatarstan are at a high level. The economy of these regions is characterized by a high level of diversification, resilience to instability in the domestic market and external challenges. The Saratov region, the Republic of Mari El and the Orenburg Region are in a low-level zone. A short-term forecast indicates that in general the situation will not change â€“ the regions will increase or decrease the values of the indices within the achieved levels of economic security. A qualitative transition to a new level is possible provided that the problems that hinder the innovative economy in the regions are eliminated.
Feasibility of a Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Examining Interventions for Abused Persons with Intellectual Disabilities
Authors: Horiguchi Toshihiro
Published: February 2020

Japan implemented new legislation to prevent the abuse of persons with disabilities on Oct 1, 2012. Many specialists from various domains participated in the development of interventions to prevent such abuse. Here, we conducted a pilot analysis to examine the cost of such interventions and to explore differences in resources. In particular, we compared resources for the assistance of victims with intellectual disabilities with those for the assistance of victims with other disabilities. We requested the enrollment of the anonymous case records of 16 local governments. Thirteen municipal/certified centres reported 41 cases, including 42 victims. Of them, 27 victims had intellectual disabilities. We calculated both the time and human/social resources consumed per case until the resolution of the case. Although the median length of time from the start of the intervention until the solution of the claimed crisis seemed longer in cases abused by their families, an analysis of 22 familial cases did not reveal a significant relationship between the type of disability and the resource. Although the existence of intellectual disabilities did not seem to impact the resource, our method of analysis worked well. The accumulation of more cases is warranted.
Psychological Meaning of Photography in the Frame of Personality’s Life Course
Authors: Li Alexina , Baktybayev Zhanat , Ospanova Gulnar , Koishibayeva Mariya , Kanapiyanova Kymbat
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this study was to show that photographs have a psychological meaning, as people basically print and store the most significant photographs. And depending on the hierarchy of one's own values, a person will store the corresponding photos. People choose those photographs where there are especially significant events or especially significant people. Therefore, in this way the psychological meaning is imposed on the photo. Learning person's way of life in psychology can reveal psychological implementations, which are connecting personality with its necessities, values, and world views in general. And these psychological implications can be found in photographs of special personal importance. The most precious photos people have been keeping throughout their lives can be psychologically meaningful according to their values. This article details the experimental methods provided by the quality analysis. Since we are pre-limited by 10 pictures, we already have a psychological sense of them. The hierarchy of the selected pictures and the individual differences between the people also take an important place within the study.
ДРУГИ ГУДАЧКИ КВАРТЕТ У ЕФ МОЛУ ВЛАДЕ МИЛОШЕВИЋА: НОВИ ПОГЛЕДИ НА ОБЛИК И СТРУКТУРУ
Authors: Смаилагић Биљана
Published: February 2020

Други гудачки квартет у камрном опусу Владе С. Милошевића представља дјело високих стандарда. Као такво, сасвим сигурно предтавља интригантно и инспиративно дјело за детаљнију формално-структурну и хармонску анализу која би бар дјелимично требала бацити „више свејтла“ на процес стварања што је нема сумње, утицало на његову форму, тако и на стил. Ради тога, али и ради свега на што ће указати формално-структурна анализа, у раду ћу се прије свега осврнути на одређене заједничке карактеристике са Првим гудачким квартетом, компонованим седам година прије овог. У том дијелу говорићу о односу аутора према полифонији, о коришћењу иматационих модела, о блискости Франковим композиционим принципима. О тематском јединству унутар једног става (првог), али и унутар циклуса (први-четврти став), о густој звучности квартетног слога, о коришћењу високог регистра у свим дионицама, посебно првим виолинама, о вокалном третману који нарочито долази до изражаја у лаганим дијеловима, као и дискретном увођењу фолклорног елемента. У раду ће значајна пажња бити посвећена и хармонској структури дјела како би се добила цјеловита слика о оним карактеристикама које су у процеу стварања овог гудачког квартета утицале не само на стил, већ и на форму.
ПРАВОСЛАВНА ВЈЕРОНАУКА У ОСНОВНИМ ШКОЛАМА БОСНЕ И ХЕРЦЕГОВИНЕ КРОЗ ИСТОРИЈУ
Authors: Вуковић Владимир
Published: February 2020

У овом раду је на синтетичан прегледан начин изложен кратак историјски осврт на извођење наставног предмета Православна вјеробаука или православни катехизис у основним школа Босне и Херцеговине (од прве половине XIX вијека до 1878. године; у доба аустроугарске окупације; у Краљевини СХС/Југославији до њеног укидања од стране комунистичких власти послије завшетка Другог свјетског рата), са посебниом освртом на заступљеност овог наставог предмета у основним школама Републике Српске, од њеног увођења, почетком деведесетих година прошлог вијека, до данас.
Longitudinal trajectories, correlations and mortality associations of nine biological ages across 20-years follow-up
Authors: Li Xia , Ploner Alexander , Wang Yunzhang , Magnusson Patrik KE , Reynolds Chandra , Finkel Deborah , Pedersen Nancy L , Jylhävä Juulia , Hägg Sara
Published: February 2020

Biological age measurements (BAs) assess aging-related physiological change and predict health risks among individuals of the same chronological age (CA). Multiple BAs have been proposed and are well studied individually but not jointly. We included 845 individuals and 3973 repeated measurements from a Swedish population-based cohort and examined longitudinal trajectories, correlations, and mortality associations of nine BAs across 20 years follow-up. We found the longitudinal growth of functional BAs accelerated around age 70; average levels of BA curves differed by sex across the age span (50–90 years). All BAs were correlated to varying degrees; correlations were mostly explained by CA. Individually, all BAs except for telomere length were associated with mortality risk independently of CA. The largest effects were seen for methylation age estimators (GrimAge) and the frailty index (FI). In joint models, two methylation age estimators (Horvath and GrimAge) and FI remained predictive, suggesting they are complementary in predicting mortality.
The evolutionary plasticity of chromosome metabolism allows adaptation to constitutive DNA replication stress
Authors: Fumasoni Marco , Murray Andrew W
Published: February 2020

Many biological features are conserved and thus considered to be resistant to evolutionary change. While rapid genetic adaptation following the removal of conserved genes has been observed, we often lack a mechanistic understanding of how adaptation happens. We used the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, to investigate the evolutionary plasticity of chromosome metabolism, a network of evolutionary conserved modules. We experimentally evolved cells constitutively experiencing DNA replication stress caused by the absence of Ctf4, a protein that coordinates the enzymatic activities at replication forks. Parallel populations adapted to replication stress, over 1000 generations, by acquiring multiple, concerted mutations. These mutations altered conserved features of two chromosome metabolism modules, DNA replication and sister chromatid cohesion, and inactivated a third, the DNA damage checkpoint. The selected mutations define a functionally reproducible evolutionary trajectory. We suggest that the evolutionary plasticity of chromosome metabolism has implications for genome evolution in natural populations and cancer.
Small-molecule G-quadruplex stabilizers reveal a novel pathway of autophagy regulation in neurons
Authors: Moruno-Manchon Jose F , Lejault Pauline , Wang Yaoxuan , McCauley Brenna , Honarpisheh Pedram , Morales Scheihing Diego A , Singh Shivani , Dang Weiwei , Kim Nayun , Urayama Akihiko , Zhu Liang , Monchaud David , McCullough Louise D , Tsvetkov Andrey S
Published: February 2020

Guanine-rich DNA sequences can fold into four-stranded G-quadruplex (G4-DNA) structures. G4-DNA regulates replication and transcription, at least in cancer cells. Here, we demonstrate that, in neurons, pharmacologically stabilizing G4-DNA with G4 ligands strongly downregulates the Atg7 gene. Atg7 is a critical gene for the initiation of autophagy that exhibits decreased transcription with aging. Using an in vitro assay, we show that a putative G-quadruplex-forming sequence (PQFS) in the first intron of the Atg7 gene folds into a G4. An antibody specific to G4-DNA and the G4-DNA-binding protein PC4 bind to the Atg7 PQFS. Mice treated with a G4 stabilizer develop memory deficits. Brain samples from aged mice contain G4-DNA structures that are absent in brain samples from young mice. Overexpressing the G4-DNA helicase Pif1 in neurons exposed to the G4 stabilizer improves phenotypes associated with G4-DNA stabilization. Our findings indicate that G4-DNA is a novel pathway for regulating autophagy in neurons.
The challenges of estimating biological age
Authors: Moskalev Alexey
Published: February 2020

A comparison of nine different approaches over a period of 20 years reveals the most promising indicators for biological age.
DNA barcoding reveals incorrect labelling of insects sold as food in the UK
Authors: Siozios Stefanos , Massa Annie , Parr Catherine L. , Verspoor Rudi L. , Hurst Gregory D.D.
Published: February 2020

Background

Insects form an established part of the diet in many parts of the world and insect food products are emerging into the European and North American marketplaces. Consumer confidence in product is key in developing this market, and accurate labelling of content identity is an important component of this. We used DNA barcoding to assess the accuracy of insect food products sold in the UK.

Methods

We purchased insects sold for human consumption from online retailers in the UK and compared the identity of the material ascertained from DNA barcoding to that stated on the product packaging. To this end, the COI sequence of mitochondrial DNA was amplified and sequenced, and compared the sequences produced to reference sequences in NCBI and the Barcode of Life Data System (BOLD).

Results

The barcode identity of all insects that were farmed was consistent with the packaging label. In contrast, disparity between barcode identity and package contents was revealed in two cases of foraged material (mopane worm and winged termites). One case of very broad family-level description was also highlighted, where material described as grasshopper was identified as Locusta migratoria from DNA barcode.

Conclusion

Overall these data indicate the need to establish tight protocols to validate product identity in this developing market. Maintaining biosafety and consumer confidence rely on accurate and consistent product labelling that provides a clear chain of information from producer to consumer.
Repertoire of morphable proteins in an organism
Authors: Izumi Keisuke , Saho Eitaro , Kutomi Ayuka , Tomoike Fumiaki , Okada Tetsuji
Published: February 2020

All living organisms have evolved to contain a set of proteins with variable physical and chemical properties. Efforts in the field of structural biology have contributed to uncovering the shape and the variability of each component. However, quantification of the variability has been performed mostly by multiple pair-wise comparisons. A set of experimental coordinates for a given protein can be used to define the “morphness/unmorphness”. To understand the evolved repertoire in an organism, here we show the results of global analysis of more than a thousand Escherichia coli proteins, by the recently introduced method, distance scoring analysis (DSA). By collecting a new index “UnMorphness Factor” (UMF), proposed in this study and determined from DSA for each of the proteins, the lowest and the highest boundaries of the experimentally observable structural variation are comprehensibly defined. The distribution plot of UMFs obtained for E. coli represents the first view of a substantial fraction of non-redundant proteome set of an organism, demonstrating how rigid and flexible components are balanced. The present analysis extends to evaluate the growing data from single particle cryo-electron microscopy, providing valuable information on effective interpretation to structural changes of proteins and the supramolecular complexes.
Strategies to optimize stereotactic radiosurgery plans for brain tumors with volumetric‐modulated arc therapy
Authors: Wang David , DeNittis Albert , Hu Yibing
Published: February 2020

Purpose

Prescription practice in SRS plans for brain tumors differs significantly for different modalities. In this retrospective study, the strategies to optimize SRS plans for brain tumors with volumetric arc therapy (VMAT) were presented.

Methods

Fifty clinically treated cases were stratified by the maximum target size into two groups (≥ 2 cm in 25 cases and <2 cm but ≥1 cm in 25 cases), which were optimized using traditional LINAC MLC‐based approaches with the average prescription isodose line (P‐IDL) of (91.4 ± 0.6)%. Four to five plans have been created for each case with variation of the P‐IDL from 65% to 90%. The optimization strategies to select an optimal P‐IDL, to use tuning structures within the target and beyond as well as to use NTO (normal tissue objectives), were applied to all new plans.

Results

The optimal P‐IDL was found to be around 75%. After applying the new optimization strategies with an average P‐IDL of 74.8%, the mean modified gradient index (mGI) and V12 were reduced by 25% and 35%, respectively for both groups. The Paddick conformity index (PCI) was averagely improved by 8%. The average homogeneity index (HI) and focal index (FI) were increased by 22% and 50%, respectively. The mGI was inversely proportional to the PTV volumes. The shape of the dose distribution in target was also changed from concave to convex. The comparison of PCI with historical data from other institutes and modalities shows that the plans in this study have the best conformity near the target.

Conclusions

With the new optimization strategies for VMAT SRS plan of brain tumor more conformal plans in both high and intermediate dose region (~50% of the PD) were created, in which the dose in the core of the target was notably increased while V12 and mGI were significantly decreased, and PCI was improved. The mGI was inversely proportional to the PTV volumes. The optimal P‐IDL is around 75%. The average PCI is the best in this study compared with the published historical data. These strategies are applicable to treatment planning for multiple brain and liver tumors where sparing the tissue peripheral to the target is critical.