bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patterns and Mechanisms of Northeast Pacific Temperature Response to Pliocene Boundary Conditions
Authors: Brennan Peter R. , Bhattacharya Tripti , Feng Ran , Tierney Jessica E. , Jorgensen Ellen M.
Published: June 2022

Ocean‐atmosphere dynamics in the north Pacific play an important role in the global climate system and influence hydroclimate in western North America. However, changes to this region's mean climate under increased atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations are not well understood. Here we present new alkenone‐based records of sea surface temperature (SST) from the northeast Pacific from the mid‐Piacenzian warm period (approximately 3.3–3.0 Ma), an interval considered to be an analog for near‐future climate under middle‐of‐the‐road anthropogenic emissions. We compare these and other alkenone‐based SST records from the north Pacific to fully‐coupled climate model simulations to examine the impact of mid‐Pliocene CO2 and other boundary conditions on regional climate dynamics and to explore factors governing model disagreement about regional temperature patterns. Model performance varies regionally, with Community Earth System Model 1.2 (CESM 1.2) and CESM2 performing best in regions with greater warming like the California Margin, though these models underestimate the warming evidenced in our new proxy record and others from the region. Single forcing simulations reveal a strong influence for prescribed land surface changes and higher CO2 levels on coastal warming patterns along the California Margin in CESM2. Furthermore, differences in shortwave and longwave radiation and circulation between the models, likely related to changes in the atmospheric component of the model, may play a key role in the ability of models to capture regionally‐varying patterns of Pliocene warmth. Regional patterns of temperature change inferred from geochemical records could therefore help to understand the impacts of different model parameterization schemes on regional climate patterns.
Lagrangian Analysis of Moisture Sources of Precipitation in the Tianshan Mountains, Central Asia
Authors: Guan Xuefeng , Langhamer Lukas , Schneider Christoph
Published: June 2022

The moisture sources of precipitation in the Tianshan Mountains, one of the regions with the highest precipitation in Central Asia during 1979–2017 are comprehensively and quantitatively summarized by using a Lagrangian moisture source detection technique. Continental sources provide about 93.2% of the moisture for precipitation in the Tianshan Mountain, while moisture directly from the ocean is very limited, averaging only 6.8%. Central Asia plays a dominant role in providing moisture for all sub‐regions of the Tianshan Mountains. For the Western Tianshan, moisture from April to October comes mainly from Central Asia (41.4%), while moisture from November to March is derived primarily from Western Asia (45.7%). Nearly 13.0% of moisture to precipitation for Eastern Tianshan in summer originates from East and South Asia, and the Siberia region. There is a significant decreasing trend in the moisture contribution of local evaporation and Central Asia in the Eastern Tianshan during winter. The contribution of moisture from Europe to summer precipitation in the Central and Eastern Tianshan and the contribution of the North Atlantic Ocean to summer precipitation in the Northern, Central, and Eastern Tianshan also exhibit a decreasing trend. The largest increase in moisture in Western Tianshan stems from West Asia during extreme winter precipitation months. Europe is also an important contributor to extreme precipitation in the Northern Tianshan. The moisture from East and South Asia and Siberia during extreme precipitation months in both winter and summer is significantly enhanced in the Eastern Tianshan.
Assessment of the electrical penetration of cell membranes using four-frequency impedance cytometry
Authors: Tang Tao , Liu Xun , Yuan Yapeng , Zhang Tianlong , Kiya Ryota , Yang Yang , Suzuki Kengo , Tanaka Yo , Li Ming , Hosokawa Yoichiroh , Yalikun Yaxiaer
Published: June 2022

The electrical penetration of the cell membrane is vital for determining the cell interior via impedance cytometry. Herein, we propose a method for determining the conductivity of the cell membrane through the tilting levels of impedance pulses. When electrical penetration occurs, a high-frequency current freely passes through the cell membrane; thus, the intracellular distribution can directly act on the high-frequency impedance pulses. Numerical simulation shows that an uneven intracellular component distribution can affect the tilting levels of impedance pulses, and the tilting levels start increasing when the cell membrane is electrically penetrated. Experimental evidence shows that higher detection frequencies (>7 MHz) lead to a wider distribution of the tilting levels of impedance pulses when measuring cell populations with four-frequency impedance cytometry. This finding allows us to determine that a detection frequency of 7 MHz is able to pass through the membrane of Euglena gracilis (E. gracilis) cells. Additionally, we provide a possible application of four-frequency impedance cytometry in the biomass monitoring of single E. gracilis cells. High-frequency impedance (≥7 MHz) can be applied to monitor these biomass changes, and low-frequency impedance (<7 MHz) can be applied to track the corresponding biovolume changes. Overall, this work demonstrates an easy determination method for the electrical penetration of the cell membrane, and the proposed platform is applicable for the multiparameter assessment of the cell state during cultivation.
Endothelial cell heterogeneity and microglia regulons revealed by a pig cell landscape at single-cell level
Authors: Wang Fei , Ding Peiwen , Liang Xue , Ding Xiangning , Brandt Camilla Blunk , Sjöstedt Evelina , Zhu Jiacheng , Bolund Saga , Zhang Lijing , de Rooij Laura P. M. H. , Luo Lihua , Wei Yanan , Zhao Wandong , Lv Zhiyuan , Haskó János , Li Runchu , Qin Qiuyu , Jia Yi , Wu Wendi , Yuan Yuting , Pu Mingyi , Wang Haoyu , Wu Aiping , Xie Lin , Liu Ping , Chen Fang , Herold Jacqueline , Kalucka Joanna , Karlsson Max , Zhang Xiuqing , Helmig Rikke Bek , Fagerberg Linn , Lindskog Cecilia , Pontén Fredrik , Uhlen Mathias , Bolund Lars , Jessen Niels , Jiang Hui , Xu Xun , Yang Huanming , Carmeliet Peter , Mulder Jan , Chen Dongsheng , Lin Lin , Luo Yonglun
Published: June 2022

Pigs are valuable large animal models for biomedical and genetic research, but insights into the tissue- and cell-type-specific transcriptome and heterogeneity remain limited. By leveraging single-cell RNA sequencing, we generate a multiple-organ single-cell transcriptomic map containing over 200,000 pig cells from 20 tissues/organs. We comprehensively characterize the heterogeneity of cells in tissues and identify 234 cell clusters, representing 58 major cell types. In-depth integrative analysis of endothelial cells reveals a high degree of heterogeneity. We identify several functionally distinct endothelial cell phenotypes, including an endothelial to mesenchymal transition subtype in adipose tissues. Intercellular communication analysis predicts tissue- and cell type-specific crosstalk between endothelial cells and other cell types through the VEGF, PDGF, TGF-β, and BMP pathways. Regulon analysis of single-cell transcriptome of microglia in pig and 12 other species further identifies MEF2C as an evolutionally conserved regulon in the microglia. Our work describes the landscape of single-cell transcriptomes within diverse pig organs and identifies the heterogeneity of endothelial cells and evolutionally conserved regulon in microglia.
Contribution of low population immunity to the severe Omicron BA.2 outbreak in Hong Kong
Authors: Chen Lin-Lei , Abdullah Syed Muhammad Umer , Chan Wan-Mui , Chan Brian Pui-Chun , Ip Jonathan Daniel , Chu Allen Wing-Ho , Lu Lu , Zhang Xiaojuan , Zhao Yan , Chuang Vivien Wai-Man , Au Albert Ka-Wing , Cheng Vincent Chi-Chung , Sridhar Siddharth , Yuen Kwok-Yung , Hung Ivan Fan-Ngai , Chan Kwok-Hung , To Kelvin Kai-Wang
Published: June 2022

Monitoring population protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 variants is critical for risk assessment. We hypothesize that Hong Kong’s explosive Omicron BA.2 outbreak in early 2022 could be explained by low herd immunity. Our seroprevalence study using sera collected from January to December 2021 shows a very low prevalence of neutralizing antibodies (NAb) against ancestral virus among older adults. The age group-specific prevalence of NAb generally correlates with the vaccination uptake rate, but older adults have a much lower NAb seropositive rate than vaccination uptake rate. For all age groups, the seroprevalence of NAb against Omicron variant is much lower than that against the ancestral virus. Our study suggests that this BA.2 outbreak and the exceptionally high case-fatality rate in the ≥80 year-old age group (9.2%) could be attributed to the lack of protective immunity in the population, especially among the vulnerable older adults, and that ongoing sero-surveillance is essential.
Phylogenomic characterization and signs of microevolution in the 2022 multi-country outbreak of monkeypox virus
Authors: Isidro Joana , Borges Vítor , Pinto Miguel , Sobral Daniel , Santos João Dourado , Nunes Alexandra , Mixão Verónica , Ferreira Rita , Santos Daniela , Duarte Silvia , Vieira Luís , Borrego Maria José , Núncio Sofia , de Carvalho Isabel Lopes , Pelerito Ana , Cordeiro Rita , Gomes João Paulo
Published: June 2022

The largest monkeypox virus (MPXV) outbreak described so far in non-endemic countries was identified in May 2022 (refs. 1–6). In this study, shotgun metagenomics allowed the rapid reconstruction and phylogenomic characterization of the first MPXV outbreak genome sequences, showing that this MPXV belongs to clade 3 and that the outbreak most likely has a single origin. Although 2022 MPXV (lineage B.1) clustered with 2018–2019 cases linked to an endemic country, it segregates in a divergent phylogenetic branch, likely reflecting continuous accelerated evolution. An in-depth mutational analysis suggests the action of host APOBEC3 in viral evolution as well as signs of potential MPXV human adaptation in ongoing microevolution. Our findings also indicate that genome sequencing may provide resolution to track the spread and transmission of this presumably slow-evolving double-stranded DNA virus.
NORA3-WP: A high-resolution offshore wind power dataset for the Baltic, North, Norwegian, and Barents Seas
Authors: Solbrekke Ida Marie , Sorteberg Asgeir
Published: June 2022

We present a new high resolution wind resource and wind power dataset named NORA3-WP. The dataset covers the North Sea, the Baltic Sea and parts of the Norwegian and Barents Seas. The 3-km Norwegian reanalysis (NORA3) forms the basis for the new dataset. NORA3-WP is an open access dataset intended for use in research, governmental management and for stakeholders to attain relevant wind resource and wind power information in the planning phase of a new wind farm project. The variables are available as monthly data, and provides a climatological overview of 25 wind resource and wind power related variables for three selected turbines for the ocean areas surrounding Norway. In addition, the underlying hourly wind speed data and hourly wind power generation for three selected turbines are also available for higher frequency analysis and case-studies.
Electric-field facilitated rapid and efficient dissociation of tissues Into viable single cells
Authors: Welch E. Celeste , Yu Harry , Barabino Gilda , Tapinos Nikos , Tripathi Anubhav
Published: June 2022

Single-Cell Analysis is a growing field that endeavors to obtain genetic profiles of individual cells. Disruption of cell–cell junctions and digestion of extracellular matrix in tissues requires tissue-specific mechanical and chemical dissociation protocols. Here, a new approach for dissociating tissues into constituent cells is described. Placing a tissue biopsy core within a liquid-filled cavity and applying an electric field between two parallel plate electrodes facilitates rapid dissociation of complex tissues into single cells. Different solution compositions, electric field strengths, and oscillation frequencies are investigated experimentally and with COMSOL Multiphysics. The method is compared with standard chemical and mechanical approaches for tissue dissociation. Treatment of tissue samples at 100 V/cm 1 kHz facilitated dissociation of 95 ± 4% of biopsy tissue sections in as little as 5 min, threefold faster than conventional chemical–mechanical techniques. The approach affords good dissociation of tissues into single cells while preserving cell viability, morphology, and cell cycle progression, suggesting utility for sample preparation of tissue specimens for direct Single-Cell Analysis.
Preparing for the next pandemic via transfer learning from existing diseases with hierarchical multi-modal BERT: a study on COVID-19 outcome prediction
Authors: Agarwal Khushbu , Choudhury Sutanay , Tipirneni Sindhu , Mukherjee Pritam , Ham Colby , Tamang Suzanne , Baker Matthew , Tang Siyi , Kocaman Veysel , Gevaert Olivier , Rallo Robert , Reddy Chandan K
Published: June 2022

Developing prediction models for emerging infectious diseases from relatively small numbers of cases is a critical need for improving pandemic preparedness. Using COVID-19 as an exemplar, we propose a transfer learning methodology for developing predictive models from multi-modal electronic healthcare records by leveraging information from more prevalent diseases with shared clinical characteristics. Our novel hierarchical, multi-modal model ($${\textsc {TransMED}}$$

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’s superior performance over state-of-the-art methods shows that leveraging patient data across modalities and transferring prior knowledge from similar disorders is critical for accurate prediction of patient outcomes, and this approach may serve as an important tool in the early response to future pandemics.
3pHLA-score improves structure-based peptide-HLA binding affinity prediction
Authors: Conev Anja , Devaurs Didier , Rigo Mauricio Menegatti , Antunes Dinler Amaral , Kavraki Lydia E.
Published: June 2022

Binding of peptides to Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) receptors is a prerequisite for triggering immune response. Estimating peptide-HLA (pHLA) binding is crucial for peptide vaccine target identification and epitope discovery pipelines. Computational methods for binding affinity prediction can accelerate these pipelines. Currently, most of those computational methods rely exclusively on sequence-based data, which leads to inherent limitations. Recent studies have shown that structure-based data can address some of these limitations. In this work we propose a novel machine learning (ML) structure-based protocol to predict binding affinity of peptides to HLA receptors. For that, we engineer the input features for ML models by decoupling energy contributions at different residue positions in peptides, which leads to our novel per-peptide-position protocol. Using Rosetta’s ref2015 scoring function as a baseline we use this protocol to develop 3pHLA-score. Our per-peptide-position protocol outperforms the standard training protocol and leads to an increase from 0.82 to 0.99 of the area under the precision-recall curve. 3pHLA-score outperforms widely used scoring functions (AutoDock4, Vina, Dope, Vinardo, FoldX, GradDock) in a structural virtual screening task. Overall, this work brings structure-based methods one step closer to epitope discovery pipelines and could help advance the development of cancer and viral vaccines.
A novel approach for engineering efficient nanofluids by radiolysis
Authors: Maaza M. , Khamliche T. , Akbari M. , Kana N. , Tandjigora N. , Beukes P. , Genu A. , Kaviyarasu K. , K.Cloete J. , Lekala M. , Gibaud A. , Henini M.
Published: June 2022

This contribution reports for the first time the possibility of using radiolysis to engineer stable efficient nanofluids which exhibit an enhanced thermal conductivity. The validation was confirmed on Ag-H2O and Ag-C2H6O2nanofluids fabricated via g-radiolysis within the mild dose range of 0.95 × 103–2.45 × 103Gray. The enhanced thermal conductivity of Ag-H2O and Ag-C2H6O2nanofluids, was found to be g-radiations dose dependent. In the latter case of Ag-C2H6O2nanofluid, the relative enhancement in the temperature range of 25–50 °C was found to be 8.89%, 11.54%, 18.69%, 23.57% and 18.45% for D1 = 0.95 × 103Gray, D2 = 1.2 × 103Gray, D3 = 1.54 × 103Gray, D4 = 1.80 × 103Gray and D5 = 2.45 × 103Gray respectively. Yet not optimized, an enhancement of the effective thermal conductivity as much as 23.57% relatively to pure C2H6O2was observed in stable Ag-C2H6O2nanofluids. Equivalent results were obtained with Ag-H2O.
Human competition is not lower if competing is socially wasteful instead of socially beneficial
Authors: Otten Kasper
Published: June 2022

Humans compete for jobs, promotions, income, status, and many other scarce goods. In some situations, allocating scarce goods via competition is socially beneficial. In other situations, competition is not necessary to allocate goods, and nevertheless engaging in competition creates inefficiencies and welfare loss. We use an incentivized lab experiment to study whether people compete differently depending on whether allocating scarce goods via competition is socially wasteful or socially beneficial. We find that competition behavior is strikingly similar in situations where competing is socially wasteful and socially beneficial. Accordingly, there is large excess competition in situations of wasteful competition, creating considerable efficiency losses. We find evidence of a social trap involved in this excess competition. People are considerably more likely to compete if they believe others compete, and their beliefs on others’ competition are similar in situations where competing is socially wasteful and socially beneficial. Interventions aimed at lowering beliefs on others’ competition may be an effective method of lowering excess competition to prevent inefficiencies and welfare loss.
Electromagnetic energy density in hyperbolic metamaterials
Authors: Moradi Afshin , Luan Pi-Gang
Published: June 2022

We present the theory of electromagnetic energy propagation through a dispersive and absorbing hyperbolic metamaterial (HMM). In this way, the permittivity tensor components of HMM (especially, nanowire HMM) may appear to be hopeless, but as a non-trivial step, we find that they can be cast into more transparent forms. We find under the influence of an electromagnetic wave, the responses of nanowire HMM (multilayer HMM) in the directions perpendicular to and parallel to the optical axis are similar to those of Lorentz (Drude) and Drude (Lorentz) media, respectively. We obtain simple expressions for the electromagnetic energy density formula of both typical structures of HMMs, i.e., nanowire and multilayer HMMs. Numerical examples reveal the general characteristics of the direction-dependent energy storage capacity of both nanowire and multilayer HMMs. The results of this study may shed more physical insight into the optical characteristics of HMMs.
Indecomposability of entanglement witnesses constructed from symmetric measurements
Authors: Siudzińska Katarzyna
Published: June 2022

We propose a family of positive maps constructed from a recently introduced class of symmetric measurements. These maps are used to define entanglement witnesses, which include other popular approaches with mutually unbiased bases and mutually unbiased measurements. A particular interest is given to indecomposable witnesses that can be used to detect entanglement of quantum states with positive partial transposition. We present several examples for different number of measurements.
GIS-based precise predictive model of mountain beacon sites in Wenzhou, China
Authors: Tan Lifeng , Wu Bei , Zhang Yukun , Zhao Shuaishuai
Published: June 2022

In ancient China, where was frequently troubled by invaders, the government set up many beacon towers for alerting and transmitting military information along the border and the coast. Many beacon sites still exist in some areas, which are generally located in dangerous places with high mountains and rough terrain, bringing great difficulties to archaeological discovery. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a predictive model applicable to the distribution of mountain beacon sites. Taking 68 beacon sites found in Wenzhou as research samples, this study used the superimposed method of logistic regression and viewshed analysis, forming a high-precision, scientific and operational predictive model for the distribution of beacon sites, which was verified by the cross-validation method. The results showed that the beacon site predictive model simulated in this study could reduce the probability scope of site location by 90% compared with the common logistic regression predictive model, which greatly improved the accuracy and ability of site prediction. At the same time, it could also be used to understand the relationship between the known sites and their surroundings to assist in decision-making about conservation and management.
Marsupial and Placental Mammal Species as Experimental Models in Environmental Risk Assessment Studies – Epilogue and Final Remarks
Authors: Larramendy Marcelo L. , Liwszyc Guillermo Eli
Published: June 2022

The growing impact of anthropogenic activities generates huge quantities of toxic residues that can have direct or indirect detrimental effects upon the quality of our environment. The increase in their jeopardizing effects can exert short-, medium- and long-term consequences, affecting not only human health but also environmental health in general. Furthermore, these disturbances are usually capable, in most cases, of reducing the biodiversity of native flora and fauna, which will, in turn, encourage the resistance and emergence of new pests and diseases. This book intends to provide an outline, relevant examples and stimulate practical discussions on the use of this non-conventional group of vertebrates. The book includes relevant tools which may be of use in the analysis prior to the implementation of decisions leading to actions which will hopefully reduce environmental health risks against environmental factors. Our aim was to compile information from a diversity of sources into a single volume. The rationale is to give some real-life examples in order to widen the concept that the use of non-conventional animal models, far from being a scientific conundrum, may instead provide useful avenues to be explored and further developed as a way to provide help and real answers to some of the actual problems the whole planet is dealing with currently. Concomitantly, these concrete examples extend concepts of hazardous factors to living species worldwide that may stimulate new research ideas and trends in their respective important fields.
Direct analysis of nanoparticles in organic solvents by ICPMS with microdroplet injection
Authors: Kocic Jovana , Dirin Dmitry N. , Kägi Ralf , Kovalenko Maksym V. , Günther Detlef , Hattendorf Bodo
Published: June 2022

Suspensions of nanoparticles in toluene and mesitylene were directly analyzed by ICPMS using microdroplet-based sample introduction.
Phosphorus vacancy-engineered Ce-doped CoP nanosheets for the electrocatalytic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural
Authors: Bi Jiahui , Ying Hao , Xu Hui , Zhao Xiaoning , Du Xinyun , Hao Jingcheng , Li Zhonghao
Published: June 2022

Ce–CoP nanosheets with Ce doping, P vacancies, and a porous 2D structure were designed through a deep eutectic solvent approach, demonstrating excellent performance during the electrooxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-furanedioic acid.
A red-light activatable and mitochondrion-targeting PtIV complex to overcome drug resistance
Authors: Li Yanran , Wang Zigui , Qi Yanxin , Tang Zhaohui , Li Xiaoyuan , Huang Yubin
Published: June 2022

A mitochondrion-targeting and photoactivatable cisplatin-based PtIV prodrug was designed to overcome drug resistance.
A polyaniline surface-modified Prussian blue analogue cathode for flexible aqueous Zn-ion batteries
Authors: Liu Qifan , Ma Zhiyuan , Chen Zhe , Cui Mangwei , Lei Hao , Wang Jiaqi , Fei JinBo , He Ning , Liu Yao , Liu Qingjiang , Li Wenzheng , Huang Yan
Published: June 2022

A 600% stretchable aqueous Zn-ion battery with two flat discharge voltage plateaus based on a Prussian blue analogue/polyaniline composite cathode.
Dual near infrared emission in Ag2Se quantum dots via Pb doping for broadband mini light-emitting diodes
Authors: Wang Liping , Cao Xinyi , Liu Zaiqi , Wang Yuqiong , Xiong Puxian , Li Xiaoman , Gao Wen , Tang Bo
Published: June 2022

Ag2Se QDs exhibit novel dual emission with an unprecedented FWHM of 542 nm through doping slight lead ions and the fabricated Pb-doped Ag2Se QD-converted NIR mini-LEDs are promising alternatives for portable ultra-broadband NIR light sources.
A novel bismuth hydroxide (Bi(OH)3) semiconductor with highly-efficient photocatalytic activity
Authors: Liu Sitong , Ren Guangmin , Gao Xinyu , Li Zizhen , Wang Liang , Meng Xiangchao
Published: June 2022

In this research, a novel Bi(OH)3 photocatalyst was successfully synthesized with excellent activity in both photocatalytic CO2 reduction and phenol decomposition.
Denaturant- or ligand-induced changes in protein volume by pressure shift assay
Authors: Skvarnavičius Gediminas , Toleikis Zigmantas , Matulis Daumantas , Petrauskas Vytautas
Published: June 2022

Protein–ligand binding volumes were determined in the FPSA experiment by varying both the ligand and GdmHCl concentrations. GdmHCl-induced unfolding pathways of carbonic anhydrase isoforms II and XIII differ from isoform I.
Ligand–core interaction in ligand-protected Ag25(XR)18 (X = S, Se, Te) superatoms and evaluation of the anchor atom role via relativistic DFT calculations
Authors: Muñoz-Castro Alvaro
Published: June 2022

The isostructural and isoelectronic silver [Ag25(SR)18]− (R = ligand) cluster, similar to [Au25(SR)18]− gold clusters, allows for further understanding of the fundamental similarities between Au and Ag at the ultrasmall nanoscale (<2 nm).
Computational screening of single transition-metal atoms anchored to g-C9N4 as catalysts for N2 reduction to NH3
Authors: Kang Xuxin , Huang Junchao , Duan Xiangmei
Published: June 2022

The electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) is considered to be the most desirable strategy for ammonia production but still faces many challenges in terms of high activity and high selectivity.
The key to improving the performance of Li–air batteries: recent progress and challenges of the catalysts
Authors: Wang Junkai , Zheng Jian , Liu Xiangfeng
Published: June 2022

The catalyst is the key factor to affect the performance of Li-air batteries. This review mainly summarizes the recent progress and challenges of the catalysts including the catalysts and redox mediators, and provides insights into the future directions.
Visible and near-infrared luminescence properties of Nd3+/Yb3+ co-doped Gd2O3 phosphors for highly sensitive optical thermometry
Authors: Zhang Yuhong , Wang Pengcheng , Wang Haiyan , Zheng Xingke , Guo Yibin , Zhang Nan , Liu Hang
Published: June 2022

The temperature sensing performances of non-thermally coupled levels of Gd2O3:Nd3+/Yb3+ phosphors are investigated through the fluorescence intensity ratio technology. The maximum relative sensitivity of I761 nm/I550 nm reaches 6.54% K−1.
Enhanced promotion of Ru-based ammonia catalysts by in situ dosing of Cs
Authors: Shadravan Vahid , Cao Ang , Bukas Vanessa J. , Grønborg Mette K. , Damsgaard Christian D. , Wang Zhenbin , Kibsgaard Jakob , Nørskov Jens K. , Chorkendorff Ib
Published: June 2022

In situ dosing of metallic Cs on Ru surface results in a higher Cs coverage (compared to conventional ex situ promotion techniques) which enhances the catalytic performance of Ru for ammonia synthesis.
Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don and Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench infusions in reversing the traits of metabolic syndrome: a double-blind randomized comparative trial
Authors: Kenig Saša , Kramberger Katja , Šik Novak Karin , Karnjuš Igor , Bandelj Dunja , Petelin Ana , Jenko Pražnikar Zala
Published: June 2022

Regular consumption of Helichrysum italicum infusion improves body composition, while Helichrysum arenarium ameliorates lipid profile. Therefore, both hold great potential for the management of metabolic syndrome.
Delamination of polyamide/polyolefin multilayer films by selective glycolysis of polyurethane adhesive
Authors: O'Rourke Galahad , Houbrechts Margot , Nees Marthe , Roosen Martijn , De Meester Steven , De Vos Dirk
Published: June 2022

Sustainable solvent mediated recycling of plastic multilayer packaging by splitting of polyurethane adhesive glue.
Rotaxane nanomachines in future molecular electronics
Authors: Wu Peiqiao , Dharmadhikari Bhushan , Patra Prabir , Xiong Xingguo
Published: June 2022

As the electronics industry is integrating more molecules to achieve ultra-high efficiency and device density, many promising candidates like rotaxanes emerged either in conjunction with or as an alternative to conventional semiconducting materials.
Recent advances in the synthesis of 2,3-fused quinazolinones
Authors: Wang Wang , Zou Pei-Sen , Pang Li , Pan Cheng-Xue , Mo Dong-Liang , Su Gui-Fa
Published: June 2022

This review focuses on novel strategies for the synthesis of 2,3-fused quinazolinone derivatives from 2017 to 2022.
Transition metal catalysed direct sulfanylation of unreactive C–H bonds: an overview of the last two decades
Authors: Rampon Daniel S. , Seckler Diego , Luz Eduardo Q. , Paixão Douglas B. , Larroza Allya , Schneider Paulo H. , Alves Diego
Published: June 2022

Transition metal catalysed C–S bond formation from unreactive C–H bonds is a remarkable tool in the late-stage functionalization of complex molecules. This review highlights significant advances and mechanistic analyses from the last two decades.
Reduction of 4-nitrophenol using green-fabricated metal nanoparticles
Authors: Mejía Yetzin Rodriguez , Reddy Bogireddy Naveen Kumar
Published: June 2022

Noble metal (silver (Ag), gold (Au), platinum (Pt), and palladium (Pd)) nanoparticles have gained increasing attention due to their importance in several research fields such as environmental and medical research.
Highly efficient ternary solar cells with reduced non-radiative energy loss and enhanced stability via two compatible non-fullerene acceptors
Authors: Yan Xin , Wu Jingnan , Lv Junfang , Zhang Liu , Zhang Rui , Guo Xia , Zhang Maojie
Published: June 2022

A non-fullerene small molecule acceptor MOIT-M was exploited for high-performance ternary OSCs. The PM6:BTP-eC9:MOIT-M (1 : 1.2 : 0.3, w/w) device achieved 18.5% efficiency, while the control binary PM6:BTP-eC9 device obtained a PCE of 17.4%.
Multifunctional 3D sponge-like macroporous cryogel-modified long carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone implants with enhanced vascularization and osseointegration
Authors: Dong Wenying , Ma Wendi , Zhao Shanshan , Zhou Xingyu , Wang Yilong , Liu Zhewen , Sun Dahui , Zhang Mei , Jiang Zhenhua
Published: June 2022

A multifunctional 3D sponge-like macroporous cryogel fabricated on sulfonated LCFRPEEK implants with enhanced angiogenesis and osseointegration capabilities has great potential for clinical use as an orthopedic implant material.
Recent advancements in noninvasive glucose monitoring and closed-loop management systems for diabetes
Authors: Ma Rui , Shao Ruomei , An Xuyao , Zhang Qichun , Sun Shuqing
Published: June 2022

A review about the development and advancement of a closed-loop management system for diabetes, including glucose monitoring and insulin delivery system.
Deciphering signal transduction networks in the liver by mechanistic mathematical modelling
Authors: D’Alessandro Lorenza A. , Klingmüller Ursula , Schilling Marcel
Published: June 2022

In health and disease, liver cells are continuously exposed to cytokines and growth factors. While individual signal transduction pathways induced by these factors were studied in great detail, the cellular responses induced by repeated or combined stimulations are complex and less understood. Growth factor receptors on the cell surface of hepatocytes were shown to be regulated by receptor interactions, receptor trafficking and feedback regulation. Here, we exemplify how mechanistic mathematical modelling based on quantitative data can be employed to disentangle these interactions at the molecular level. Crucial is the analysis at a mechanistic level based on quantitative longitudinal data within a mathematical framework. In such multi-layered information, step-wise mathematical modelling using submodules is of advantage, which is fostered by sharing of standardized experimental data and mathematical models. Integration of signal transduction with metabolic regulation in the liver and mechanistic links to translational approaches promise to provide predictive tools for biology and personalized medicine.
A functionally-oriented approach to digitalization of the activities of competence centers in the field of agricultural cooperation
Authors: Korableva Galina , Kucherova Elena
Published: June 2022

The publication summarizes the experience of digitalization of the activities of the competence center in the field of agricultural cooperation. The concept of digitalization of the competence center in the field of agricultural cooperation has been formulated and practically implemented, including the use of heterogeneous software products, both author’s and third-party developers. Software products and their functions that will automate the main activities of the competence center in the field of agricultural cooperation are considered. The author’s software product developed for informational and analytical support of the activities of the competence center opened at the Moscow State University of Technology and Management named after K. G. Razumovsky, allows you to automate accounting functions and data mining functions. The main functions of the created and implemented software product are accounting of agricultural producers, established cooperatives and their participation in events organized by the competence center and other organizations, accounting of grantees cooperating with the competence center, implementation of cluster data analysis methods to identify potential members of an agricultural cooperative.
Towards a climate neutral future with Deutsche Bahn: Analysis of company policy until 2050
Authors: Mamedova Irada , Velesco Serge , Rykhlov Alexander
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the state of current knowledge and tools needed to move the German company Deutsche Bahn AG towards climate neutrality. Both literary sources and statistical data were used in the preparation of the paper. The main questions addressed in the paper are: how the concept of climate neutrality applies to Deutsche Bahn AG, what experience the company has in planning carbon-neutral operation and what tools can be used. As greenhouse gas emissions rise, so does the need to find solutions for reducing carbon dioxide emissions. Deutsche Bahn AG is aiming for climate neutrality by 2050. To achieve this goal, it is primarily relying on the use of renewable energy to power overhead cables and train stations. In addition, alternative engine options are being developed to replace the existing fleet of diesel locomotives on non-electrified sections. Improving the energy efficiency of both rolling stock and railroad stations is also becoming increasingly important.
The practice of state regional support for the development of investment attractiveness (on the example of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug–Yugra)
Authors: Kurikov Vladimir , Tashlanova Yulia
Published: June 2022

In pursuance of the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation “On Long-term State Economic Policy”, a number of systemic measures aimed at improving the investment and business climate were implemented. Significant work has been carried out to create a favorable investment climate in the Russian Federation: the measures of the National Entrepreneurial Initiative aimed at improving the conditions for doing business in the most important and problematic areas of state regulation are being implemented; the Standard of Activity of the executive authorities of the subject of the Russian Federation for the formation of a favorable investment climate in the region has been introduced, providing for the creation of key institutions and tools at the regional level promotion and development of investment activity; a national rating of the investment climate in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation is conducted, reflecting the assessment of the perception by the business community of the efforts made by authorities at all levels to improve the investment climate in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Thus, regional measures of state policy in the field of increasing investment attractiveness are aimed at introducing organizational mechanisms to improve the effectiveness of existing programs, as well as the process of implementing target models. The article addresses the following issues: analyze the portfolios of projects formed in the region; study the directions of state support for infrastructure organizations that ensure the creation of a favorable investment climate; consider the risks of implementing the state program. In this study, the authors use general scientific and special methods, in particular methods of synthesis, analysis, observation, system method, etc. The problem of the study is as follows: the implementation of measures for state regional support for the development of investment attractiveness contributes to the formation of a favorable investment climate in the region.
Department of economic security of the state in the conditions of globalization: methodology and trends
Authors: Sarinyan Robert , Iskajyan Simon , Gabrielyan Bella
Published: June 2022

This article is devoted to the problem of managing the economic security of the state, which is relevant in the modern world. Various factors of global importance affect the economy of all states directly or indirectly, therefore, it is necessary to take them into account in order to increase the level of economic security. The strategy of managing the economic security of the state should be sufficiently flexible and long-term, which will smooth out the impact of global changes and follow the preset strategic goals. At the same time, it is proposed to implement digital technologies to constantly monitor the impact of global factors on the country’s economy.
Development of students’ visual thinking based on the use of sketchnoting techniques
Authors: Vovk Ekaterina , Koikova Elzara , Nikeitseva Olga
Published: June 2022

The article presents a theoretical analysis of key concepts. The article proves that in the process of teaching students at the university it is necessary to apply innovative means and methods of developing visual thinking. One of the means to supplement and enhance the process of memorization, as well as the analysis of information using simple images that contribute to the effective development of visual thinking, is sketchnoting techniques. The article discusses the ways of using sketchnoting as a technology for developing students’ visual thinking. The study reflects the developed diagnostic tools for determining the level of development of visual thinking of first-year students. The article describes the main stages of experimental verification of the effectiveness of the methodology for the development of visual thinking of students based on the use of sketchnoting techniques: primary diagnostics, the stage of introducing the methodology into the scientific and educational process of the university, the stage of verifying the effectiveness of the methodology (through secondary (control) diagnostics). Based on the analysis of the results of diagnostic measurements, a positive dynamics of the level of development of visual thinking of students was revealed, which made it possible to prove the effectiveness of the applied techniques involving the use of sketchnoting techniques.
Teaching of written language via the internet
Authors: Aliyeva Narmin
Published: June 2022

By the words of L.S.Vigotskiy, the written speech is “speech without intonation, expressive, generally without the whole sounding side. This is speech in thought, in representation, but speech devoid of the most essential feature of oral speech material sound. It is largely due to internal speech. When expressing thoughts through writing, inner speech is, as it were, formed into a verbal shell. The transmission of thoughts through written speech is a complex, multifaceted process. The purpose of this study is a scientific search in areas of the potential of written language for solving urgent problems of modern teaching methods. The main function of speech in humans, however, is that it is an instrument of thinking. Speech is the area where memory and thinking come into contact so much that it is sometimes difficult to decide what in speech belongs to memory and what to thinking. But it is with the formation of concepts that thinking begins its activity. Moving further and further away from written language, the students lose one of the important factors in the development of imagination, thinking, and creative activity. Therefore, in the classroom it is necessary to do the planned systematic work on the development of written speech.
Social ties, fears and bias during the COVID-19 pandemic: Fragile and flexible mindsets
Authors: Tei Shisei , Fujino Junya
Published: June 2022

Fears and social ties have been frequently discussed during the COVID-19 pandemic; however, it is still insufficiently examined how people have developed or mitigated social ties, bias and inter-group conflicts caused by fear. This review examined relevant COVID-19 literature and the psychology of anxiety, distress and aggression to consider how these adverse behaviours might be neutralised by cognitive flexibility. The results showed that social ties function as both risk and protective factors. The importance of social ties was repeatedly described as alleviating loneliness; nevertheless, people also expressed stigma-related anxiety (fear of criticism via empathic distress) associated with peer pressures and hostile vigilantism. Social ties and empathy have strengthened human cohesion and helped reconcile relations, but they also reinforced unfavourable biased bonds, terror and rumours that benefited in-group members while discriminating against out-group individuals. Furthermore, cognitive flexibility may assuage these negative consequences through shifting attention and perspective. Context-adjusted viewpoints and reciprocal dialogues seem crucial. The subsequent mitigation of misunderstandings, fear-induced bias, and maladaptive distress appraisal may lead to more reasonable and flexible recognition of social ties. The significance of this conclusion is in its potential for implementing intervention programmes to reduce pandemic-induced fear, and it could help to address other relevant issues, such as refugee crises and displaced people, a phenomenon that is globally developing discrimination, stigma and polarised blaming. It is worth further investigating how flexibility and inter-group empathy help pursue humanitarianism.
Retrieving effective acoustic impedance and refractive index for size mismatch samples
Authors: Khodaei Mohammad Javad , Mehrvarz Amin , Ghaffarivardavagh Reza , Jalili Nader
Published: June 2022

In this paper, we have presented an analytical solution to extract the effective properties of acoustic metamaterials from the measured complex transmission and reflection coefficients when the metamaterial and impedance tube have different sizes. We first considered the air gap as a separate domain and modeled the problem as a bilayer metamaterial inside a duct. Then, we established theoretically that when the dimensions of an acoustic metamaterial are known, the effective properties may be derived by solving a set of eight linear equations. Finally, we assessed the proposed technique using numerical simulation data. The proposed method is shown to calculate the effective refractive index and impedance with an error of less than 1%. This method provides an efficient approach to analyze the effective properties of acoustic metamaterials of different sizes.
Near-exact nuclear gradients of complete active space self-consistent field wave functions
Authors: Smith James E. T. , Lee Joonho , Sharma Sandeep
Published: June 2022

In this paper, we study the nuclear gradients of heat bath configuration interaction self-consistent field (HCISCF) wave functions and use them to optimize molecular geometries for various molecules. We show that HCISCF nuclear gradients are fairly insensitive to the size of the “selected” variational space, which allows us to reduce the computational cost without introducing significant errors. The ability of the HCISCF to treat larger active spaces combined with the flexibility for users to control the computational cost makes the method very attractive for studying strongly correlated systems, which require a larger active space than possible with a complete active space self-consistent field. Finally, we study the realistic catalyst, Fe(PDI), and highlight some of the challenges this system poses for density functional theory (DFT). We demonstrate how HCISCF can clarify the energetic stability of geometries obtained from DFT when the results are strongly dependent on the functional. We also use the HCISCF gradients to optimize geometries for this species and study the adiabatic singlet–triplet gap. During geometry optimization, we find that multiple near-degenerate local minima exist on the triplet potential energy surface.
Laser ultrasound imaging of mechanical stresses near holes and indented areas: Experimental results and theoretical model
Authors: Glazov A. L. , Muratikov K. L.
Published: June 2022

Experimental results on the behavior of laser ultrasonic signals near holes in stressed ceramics and metals are presented. The data obtained are analyzed within the framework of the standard theory of thermoelasticity. It is shown that this approach is not able to explain the behavior of laser ultrasonic signals in stressed materials. A new model of thermoelasticity taking into account thermal perturbation of non-stationary defect states with relaxation is presented and analyzed. It is demonstrated that strong stress dependence of the laser ultrasonic signals provides an opportunity to estimate mechanical stresses in different materials. An example of mechanical stress effect on the laser ultrasonic image near Rockwell indentation zones in metals is presented.