bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Practicality Assessment of a Frugal Nanoparticle Generator: Opening
Doors to Nano Pharmaceuticals for the Researchers and Students of
Underprivileged Academic Institutions
Authors: Patel Swayamprakash , Patel Ashish , Patel Mruduka , Patel Umang , Patel Mehul , Solanki Nilay
Published: March 2021

Background:

Probe sonication and High-speed homogenizer are comparatively costly equipment to fabricate the nanoparticles. Many academic and research institutions cannot afford the procurement and maintenance of such sophisticated equipment. In the present work, a newer idea is conceptualized, which can be adopted by the underprivileged research institutions to fabricate solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) in the absence of sophisticated equipment. The current work describes the pilot-level trials of this novel approach. This study represents the preliminary proof-of-concept trials for which the Indian patent application (3508/MUM/2015) is filed.

Method:

A frugal piece of equipment was made using a 50 ml centrifuge tube with conical bottom and a piezoelectric mist maker or humidifier. SLNs were prepared by combining the quasi-emulsion solvent evaporation approach and ultrasonic vibration approach. A quasi-emulsion was composed by the dropwise mixing of the organic solvent containing drug & lipid with an aqueous solution containing surfactant under continuous ultrasonic vibration in the piezoelectric chamber. The size of the droplets was significantly reduced due to piezoelectric ultrasonic vibration. Under the provision of mild vacuum and heat generated by vibration, the organic solvent was evaporated, which leaves behind a suspension of SLN. In the present work, albendazole was selected as a model drug. Various trials with Compritol 888 ATO® and Precirol ATO 5® as a lipid carrier and Tween 80 and Poloxamer 188 as a surfactant were performed. Zeta potential of SLNs was improved by the addition of polyelectrolytes like K2SO4 and Na4P2O7.

Result and Conclusion:

The ratio of drug to lipid was optimized to 1:4 for the most favorable results. SLN with a minimum Z-average diameter of 98.59 nm, -21 mV zeta potential, and 34.064 % (SD 10.78, n=9) entrapment efficiency were developed using the Precirol ATO 5 ® as a lipid carrier. The proof of concept for this novel approach is established through the development of Albendazole SLNs. This approach must also be evaluated for the development of polymeric nanoparticles and vesicular formulations. The further sophistication of the frugal equipment may allow more control over the quality of SLN. This approach will enable underprivileged researchers to prepare Nanopharmaceuticals. Researchers and students of such institutions can focus on the application of SLN by resolving the constraint of sophisticated equipment with this novel approach. This novel approach should also be tried for polymeric and vesicular nanopharmaceuticals.
A Comparison of the Anti-Cancer Effects of Free and PLGA-PAA Encapsulated
Hydroxytyrosol on the HT-29 Colorectal Cancer Cell Line
Authors: Sani Nasrin S. , Onsori Habib , Akrami Somayeh , Rahmati Mohammad
Published: March 2021

Background:

Hydroxytyrosol is one of the phenolic compounds of olive oil and can induce anticancer
effects on colorectal cancer cells.

Objective:

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the free hydroxytyrosol and nano-capsulated
hydroxytyrosol effects on the cell cycle arrest in HT-29 colorectal cancer cell line.

Methods:

The nano-capsulated hydroxytyrosol was synthesized in poly lactide-co-glycolide-co-polyacrylic acid
(PLGA-PAA) copolymer. MTT assay was performed to evaluate the anti-proliferative and anti-tumor effects of
the free hydroxytyrosol and nano-capsulated hydroxytyrosol. Finally, the relative expression of CDKN1A,
CDKN1B, and CCND1 genes was evaluated in control and treated colorectal cancer cells by using Real-Time
PCR.

Results:

The obtained results from the MTT assay showed that the cytotoxic effects of the nano-capsulated
hydroxytyrosol on the colorectal cancer cell line (IC50= 6PPM) were significantly more than free hydroxytyrosol
(IC50= 12PPM) after 72h. Also, nano-capsulated hydroxytyrosol showed more significant effects on the upregulation
of CDKN1A and CDKN1B genes and down-regulation of the CCND1 gene in colorectal cancer cells.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, the present study showed that hydroxytyrosol led to the death of colorectal cancer
cells through cell cycle arrest. Also, the PLGA-PAA copolymer dramatically caused to increase the cytotoxic
effects of the hydroxytyrosol on the colorectal cancer cells.
GluN2B/N-methyl-D-aspartate Receptor Antagonists: Advances in Design, Synthesis, and Pharmacological Evaluation Studies
Authors: Ugale Vinod , Dhote Ashish , Narwade Rushikesh , Khadse Saurabh , Reddy P. Narayana , Shirkhedkar Atul
Published: March 2021

Selective GluN2B/N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonists have exposed
their clinical effectiveness in a cluster of neurodegenerative diseases, such as epilepsy, Alzheimer’s
disease, Parkinson’s disease, pain, and depression. Hence, GluN2B/NMDARs are considered to be
a prospective target for the management of neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we have discussed
the current results and significance of subunit selective GluN2B/NMDAR antagonists to pave the
way for the establishment of new, safe, and economical drug candidates in the near future. By using
summarized data of selective GluN2B/NMDAR antagonists, medicinal chemists are certainly a
step closer to the goal of improving the therapeutic and side effect profile of selective antagonists.
Outlined summary of designing strategies, synthetic schemes, and pharmacological evaluation
studies reinvigorate efforts to identify, modify, and synthesize novel GluN2B/NMDAR antagonists
for treating neurodegenerative diseases.
Deciphering the Influence of Cigarette Smoke Carcinogens on CNS Associated Biomolecules: A Computational Synergistic Approach
Authors: Jamal Qazi M.S. , Alharbi Ali H. , Dhasmana Anupam , Saxena Anukriti , Albejaidi Fahad , Sajid Mohammad
Published: March 2021

Background:

Human health issues caused by Cigarette Smoke Carcinogens (CSC) are
increasing rapidly every day and challenging the scientific community to provide a better understanding
in order to avoid its impact on communities. Cigarette smoke also contains tobacco-based
chemical compounds harmful to human beings, either smokers or non-smokers.

Methods:

We have tested 7H-Dibenzo[c,g]carbazole (7H-DBC) and Dibenz[a,h]acridine (DBAD)
derivatives of Asz-arenes along with N'-Nitrosoanabasine (NAB) and N-Nitrosoanatabine (NAT)
derivatives of N-Nitrosamines molecular interaction with CNS biomolecules.

Methods:

Computational synergistic approaches like system biology and molecular interaction
techniques were implemented to conduct the analysis.

Results:

CSC efficiently interacted with NRAS, KRAS, CDH1, and RAC1 molecular targets in
CNS. We have also performed the interactome analysis followed by system biology approaches
and found that HSPA8 is the most important hub protein for the network generated for CSC-hampered
genes of CNS. We have also identified 6 connector proteins, namely TP53, HSP90AA1, PPP2CA,
CDH1, CTNNB1, and ARRB1. Further analysis revealed that NRAS and CDH1 have maximum
interactions with all the selected CSC.

Conclusion:

The obtained structural analysis data could be utilized to assess the carcinogenic effect
of CSC and could be useful in the treatment of CNS diseases and disorders induced, especially
by tobacco-specific carcinogens, or it could also be used in vivo/ in vitro experimentation model designing.
Preclinical Studies of PROTACs in Hematological Malignancies
Authors: Fuchs Ota , Bokorova Radka
Published: March 2021

Incorrectly expressed or mutated proteins associated with hematologic malignancies have been generally targeted by chemotherapy using small-molecule inhibitors or monoclonal antibodies. But the majority of these intracellular proteins are without active sites and antigens. PROTACs, proteolysis targeting chimeras, are bifunctional molecules designed to polyubiquitinate and degrade specific pathological proteins of interest (POIs) by hijacking the activity of E3-ubiquitin ligases for POI polyubiquitination and subsequent degradation by the proteasome. This strategy utilizes the ubiquitin-proteasome system for the degradation of specific proteins in the cell. In many cases, including hematologic malignancies, inducing protein degradation as a therapeutic strategy offers therapeutic benefits over classical enzyme inhibition connected with resistance to inhibitors. Limitations of small-molecule inhibitors are shown. PROTACs can polyubiquitinate and mark for degradation of “undruggable“proteins, e.g. transcription factor STAT3 and scaffold proteins. Today, this technology is used in preclinical studies in various hematologic malignancies, mainly for targeting drug-resistant bromodomain and extraterminal proteins and Bruton tyrosine kinase. Several mechanisms limiting selectivity and safety of PROTAC molecules function are also discussed.
Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship Studies of Antimicrobial Compounds: A Review
Authors: Asirvatham Sahaya , Thakur Jyoti , Tauro Savita , Dhokchawle Bharat
Published: March 2021

With the current scenario of emerging drug-resistant microbial strains, there prevails a continuous
threat to health and the development of new antimicrobial agents is a challenging task. Quantitative
Structure Activity Relationship (QSAR) has proven to elevate the likelihood of finding a new pharmacophore.
Intermolecular binding like hydrophobic bond, electrostatic and steric interactions helps to understand
drug interaction with the receptors. Some common conclusions have been drawn after analyzing
diverse case studies. Few descriptors were identified to be common in enhancing the antimicrobial activity.
The structural features modifying the antimicrobial activity were analyzed using critically published
results from significant QSAR studies on antimicrobial compounds. This commentary will assist the synthetic
chemist in synthesizing novel derivatives, which could be potential antimicrobial compounds.
Percursos de um Arq-Vivo: entre arquivos e experiências na pesquisa em História da Educação
Authors: Almeida Dóris Bittencourt
Published: March 2021

Com um título sugestivo - Percursos de um Arq-Vivo: entre arquivos e experiências na pesquisa em História da Educação – a autora reúne artigos que são resultado de sua gestão e intervenção, como historiadora e professora, no Arquivo da Faculdade de Educação da UFRGS, em Porto Alegre. Apresentados em duas partes, os textos abordam a prática arquivística e seus desdobramentos na historiografia do tempo presente e seguem, delicadamente, tratando de vários materiais/documentos ditos ordinários (cadernos, agendas, bilhetes, recortes, anotações variadas) que integram arquivos pessoais de professores e professoras que atuaram na UFRGS e que se dispuseram a deixar seus guardados e, em muitos casos, seus depoimentos orais sob os cuidados desse Arquivo agora dado a ver e aberto a consultas.
Natural Language Processing of Clinical Notes to Identify Mental Illness and Substance Use Among People Living with HIV: Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Ridgway Jessica P , Uvin Arno , Schmitt Jessica , Oliwa Tomasz , Almirol Ellen , Devlin Samantha , Schneider John
Published: March 2021

Background

Mental illness and substance use are prevalent among people living with HIV and often lead to poor health outcomes. Electronic medical record (EMR) data are increasingly being utilized for HIV-related clinical research and care, but mental illness and substance use are often underdocumented in structured EMR fields. Natural language processing (NLP) of unstructured text of clinical notes in the EMR may more accurately identify mental illness and substance use among people living with HIV than structured EMR fields alone.

Objective

The aim of this study was to utilize NLP of clinical notes to detect mental illness and substance use among people living with HIV and to determine how often these factors are documented in structured EMR fields.

Methods

We collected both structured EMR data (diagnosis codes, social history, Problem List) as well as the unstructured text of clinical HIV care notes for adults living with HIV. We developed NLP algorithms to identify words and phrases associated with mental illness and substance use in the clinical notes. The algorithms were validated based on chart review. We compared numbers of patients with documentation of mental illness or substance use identified by structured EMR fields with those identified by the NLP algorithms.

Results

The NLP algorithm for detecting mental illness had a positive predictive value (PPV) of 98% and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 98%. The NLP algorithm for detecting substance use had a PPV of 92% and an NPV of 98%. The NLP algorithm for mental illness identified 54.0% (420/778) of patients as having documentation of mental illness in the text of clinical notes. Among the patients with mental illness detected by NLP, 58.6% (246/420) had documentation of mental illness in at least one structured EMR field. Sixty-three patients had documentation of mental illness in structured EMR fields that was not detected by NLP of clinical notes. The NLP algorithm for substance use detected substance use in the text of clinical notes in 18.1% (141/778) of patients. Among patients with substance use detected by NLP, 73.8% (104/141) had documentation of substance use in at least one structured EMR field. Seventy-six patients had documentation of substance use in structured EMR fields that was not detected by NLP of clinical notes.

Conclusions

Among patients in an urban HIV care clinic, NLP of clinical notes identified high rates of mental illness and substance use that were often not documented in structured EMR fields. This finding has important implications for epidemiologic research and clinical care for people living with HIV.
Embodied Conversational Agents for Patients With Dementia: Thematic Literature Analysis
Authors: Rampioni Margherita , Stara Vera , Felici Elisa , Rossi Lorena , Paolini Susy
Published: March 2021

Background

As the world’s population rapidly ages, the number of older adults with cognitive impairment will also increase. Several studies have identified numerous complex needs of people with dementia, which assistive technologies still fail to support. Recent trends have led to an increasing focus on the use of embodied conversational agents (ECAs) as virtual entities able to interact with a person through natural and familiar verbal and nonverbal communication. The use of ECAs could improve the accessibility and acceptance of assistive technologies matching those high-level needs that are not well covered to date.

Objective

The aim of this thematic literature analysis was to map current studies in the field of designing ECAs for patients with dementia in order to identify the existing research trend and possible gaps that need to be covered in the near future. The review questions in this study were as follows: (1) what research frameworks are used to study the interaction between patients with dementia and ECAs? (2) what are the findings? and (3) what are the barriers reported in these studies?

Methods

Separate literature searches were conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase databases by using specific umbrella phrases to target the population (patients with dementia) and the technology-based intervention (embodied conversational agent). Studies that met the inclusion criteria were appraised through the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool and then discussed in a thematic analysis.

Results

The search process identified 115 records from the databases and study references. After duplicates (n=45) were removed, 70 papers remained for the initial screening. A total of 7 studies were finally included in the qualitative synthesis. A thematic analysis of the reviewed studies identified major themes and subthemes: the research frameworks used to gather users’ perspectives on ECAs (theme 1), the insights shared by the 7 studies as well as the value of user involvement in the development phases and the challenge of matching the system functionalities with the users’ needs (theme 2), and the main methodological and technical problems faced by each study team (theme 3).

Conclusions

Our thematic literature analysis shows that the field of ECAs is novel and poorly discussed in the scientific community and that more sophisticated study designs and proofs of efficacy of the approach are required. Therefore, by analyzing the main topic of the narrative review, this study underscores the challenge of synchronizing and harmonizing knowledge, efforts, and challenges in the dementia care field and its person-centered paradigm through the user-centered design approach. Enabling strict collaboration between interdisciplinary research networks, medical scientists, technology developers, patients, and their formal and informal caregivers is still a great challenge in the field of technologies for older adults.
The Abundance of Fish Species in Branched (branching) and Table (tabulate) Coral Habitat on Tanjung Beach, Muna Island, Southeast Sulawesi
Authors: Tasylan Muhamad , Sirih Muhammad
Published: March 2021

This research aimed to study the types and abundance of fish which was found in branched and table coral habitat. The quadrate transect method was used at the location of the habitat of branched and table corals. The observation was carried out for 3 days. It was conducted 3 times/day, in the morning, the afternoon, and the evening with ± 10 minutes of observation time for each observation. The method used was transect quadrat 5 m x 5 m with direct observation techniques by means of snorkeling. The types and numbers of individual fish were recorded using the visual census method. Snorkeling was done straightforwardly and looking around by following the contour of the reef. In branching coral habitat, 11 species of fish were found with a total of 66 individuals. On the other hand, on the tabulate reef habitat, there were 9 species of fish with a total of 50 individuals. Both habitats have different types of fish. In the branched coral habitats there were more individual than in the table reef habitats. Fish species found in branched coral habitat and table type fish habitat were different. In branched coral habitats were found more reef fish species than in table coral habitats. These results illustrated that the condition of the coral reefs at Tanjung Beach is still in good condition.
Deceased-Donor Acute Kidney Injury and BK Polyomavirus in Kidney Transplant Recipients
Authors: Hall Isaac E. , Reese Peter Philip , Mansour Sherry G. , Mohan Sumit , Jia Yaqi , Thiessen-Philbrook Heather R. , Brennan Daniel C. , Doshi Mona D. , Muthukumar Thangamani , Akalin Enver , Harhay Meera Nair , Schröppel Bernd , Singh Pooja , Weng Francis L. , Bromberg Jonathan S. , Parikh Chirag R.
Published: March 2021

Background and objectives

BK polyomavirus (BKV) infection commonly complicates kidney transplantation, contributing to morbidity and allograft failure. The virus is often donor-derived and influenced by ischemia-reperfusion processes and disruption of structural allograft integrity. We hypothesized that deceased-donor AKI associates with BKV infection in recipients.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

We studied 1025 kidney recipients from 801 deceased donors transplanted between 2010 and 2013, at 13 academic centers. We fitted Cox proportional-hazards models for BKV DNAemia (detectable in recipient blood by clinical PCR testing) within 1 year post-transplantation, adjusting for donor AKI and other donor- and recipient-related factors. We validated findings from this prospective cohort with analyses for graft failure attributed to BKV within the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network (OPTN) database.

Results

The multicenter cohort mean kidney donor profile index was 49±27%, and 26% of donors had AKI. Mean recipient age was 54±13 years, and 25% developed BKV DNAemia. Donor AKI was associated with lower risk for BKV DNAemia (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.53; 95% confidence interval, 0.36 to 0.79). In the OPTN database, 22,537 (25%) patients received donor AKI kidneys, and 272 (0.3%) developed graft failure from BKV. The adjusted hazard ratio for the outcome with donor AKI was 0.7 (95% confidence interval, 0.52 to 0.95).

Conclusions

In a well-characterized, multicenter cohort, contrary to our hypothesis, deceased-donor AKI independently associated with lower risk for BKV DNAemia. Within the OPTN database, donor AKI was also associated with lower risk for graft failure attributed to BKV.

Podcast

This article contains a podcast at https://www.asn-online.org/media/podcast/CJASN/2021_03_10_CJN18101120_final.mp3
Studying the Dimensions of Corporate Culture in Indian IT Companies
Authors: Kumari Dr Neeraj
Published: March 2021

The objective of the study is to find out how employees perceive the organizational culture in three leading IT companies. It is an exploratory research. A primary research was conducted through an administration of a structured questionnaire. The sample size is 165 consisting of employees from three leading IT organizations in India. Most project work in the IT sector is done in teams. Hence proper team building is a pre-requisite to high performance and ensures that everyone is aligned and working equally hard to the team and the organisation’s goals. Team orientation can be fostered by having quarterly project parties and having occasions to meet formally and informally and capture feedback from one another. Creating an easily accessible centralised knowledge management system is the key to information sharing. Also with the advent of newer technologies coming up, the organisation needs to have heavy investment in training infrastructure in order to keep pace with the market needs. For this dedicated learning and training function needs to be setup in most organisations whose mandate would be to up-skill people based in customer needs and changes in the technology environment. Involvement and Adaptability are indicators of flexibility, openness and responsiveness; which are strong indicators of growth. Mission and Consistency are indicators of driving direction, integration and vision, and are strong indicators of profitability and efficiency. These four traits of organisational culture if monitored and harmoniously used are the key to ensure high performance within the organisations. Aligning culture and leadership goals are keys to organisational success. All the four dimensions of organisational culture are heavily influenced by leadership based interventions in an organisation.
Union-Find Decoders For Homological Product Codes
Authors: Delfosse Nicolas , Hastings Matthew B.
Published: March 2021

Homological product codes are a class of codes that can have improved distance while retaining relatively low stabilizer weight. We show how to build union-find decoders for these codes, using a union-find decoder for one of the codes in the product and a brute force decoder for the other code. We apply this construction to the specific case of the product of a surface code with a small code such as a [[4,2,2]] code, which we call an augmented surface code. The distance of the augmented surface code is the product of the distance of the surface code with that of the small code, and the union-find decoder, with slight modifications, can decode errors up to half the distance. We present numerical simulations, showing that while the threshold of these augmented codes is lower than that of the surface code, the low noise performance is improved.
Book review: Trepavlov, V.V. Simvoly i ritualy v etnicheskoy politike Rossii XVI-XIX vv. [Symbols and rituals in the ethnic policy of Russia in the 16th-19th centuries]. St. Petersburg: Oleg Abyshko Publ., 2018. 320 p.
Authors: Toktamysov Saken Zh.
Published: March 2021

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Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Patriotic Education Programs by High School Students in the Regions of the Siberian Federal District
Authors: Aseev Sergey Yuryevich , Kachusov Dmitrij Anatolevich
Published: March 2021

The main content of federal and regional programs for patriotic education of the citizens of the Russian Federation is targeted at work with school students, which puts emphasis on the analysis of young people opinion of these programs effectiveness. Basing on the data of the mass survey of senior school students in 10 regions of the Siberian Federal district, the article brings out their grounds for differentiating patriot and non-patriot, the comparative analysis of representations of these groups of pupils as about priority subjects of patriotic education and effective execution of its particular trends. The article has pointed out positive attitude of the majority of school students to anchoring patriotic values in youth environment through patriotic films. Young people have ambiguous attitude to the idea of compulsory patriotic education in schools and universities, and school students who do not identify themselves as patriots are negative about it. The participation of school students in patriotic events has been linked to their further self-identification as patriots. The authors emphasize that the formalized approach to working with young people leads in practice to a low level of their awareness of the content of the main directions of patriotic education, weak and not systematic involvement of schoolchildren in patriotic events and the work of patriotic associations. Based on the results of the study, the article concludes that there is a fairly large number of young people who do not share patriotic values and critically assess the effectiveness of many areas of patriotic education programs.
The Implementation of Learning of Islamic Characters in Ma’had Al-Jami’ah IAIN Samarinda
Authors: Purwaningsih Rahma Fitria , Jannah Fathul
Published: March 2021

Indonesia is currently facing a degradation of character marked by deviations of norms are social and religious. Ma'had Al-Jami'ah is responsible to improve character and create who are intellectually religious. The objective is to find out the implementation of learning of Islamic characters in Ma'had Al-Jami'ah IAIN Samarinda. This research used descriptive qualitative and collected data by interviews, observation and documentation. Analysis techniques are data reduction, data display, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that Text learning in religious activities still uses classical models in large numbers, so that text learning has not been able to achieve maximum results. Moreover, Islamic learning activities are still limited to translating and have not yet achieved scientific activities in accordance with the capacity of university students. Basically, the learning implementation of Islamic character has been successful in three Islamic scopes, both in hablun minallah, minannas, and minal'alam. Although hablun minalllah has not been able to reach the level of mahabbah, but the learning process has trained students to be able to worship and become obedient servants. Regard to the various learning activities and processes available, hablun minannas becomes the most dominant scope, especially in the aspects of adab and empathy. Meanwhile, hablun minal’alam is only limited to cleaning activities and has not reached the stage of ihsan comprehand.
LIFE e formação de professores: experiências no Colégio de Aplicação/UFRGS
Authors: Frizzo Taís Cristine Ernst , Lohmann Arend Felipe , Britto da Silva Fernanda , Nunes Garcia Rosane , Da Rocha Maia Santos Victor João
Published: March 2021

Este trabalho apresenta experiências desenvolvidas no Programa Laboratórios Interdisciplinares de Formação de Educadores (LIFE) do Colégio de Aplicação/UFRGS. As atividades foram estruturadas em forma de oficinas desenvolvidas para os alunos das licenciaturas em período de estágio docente, para bolsistas participantes do PIBID e para professores da rede pública de ensino. Desde 2013, cerca de 95 professores (formados e em formação) passaram por formações interdisciplinares na área das Ciências da Natureza. Os resultados indicam que houve contribuições para a formação inicial e continuada dos participantes, relatadas pelos próprios, como as dinâmicas realizadas nas oficinas, o incremento de novos conhecimentos, a reflexão em relação à educação e às atividades práticas, o compartilhamento de experiências e a compreensão a respeito da interdisciplinaridade.
Roteiros Possíveis: relato de uso de um produto educacional no espaço de Educação Profissional e Tecnológica
Authors: Cagliari Angela Zanotelli
Published: March 2021

O espaço educacional da Educação Profissional e Tecnológica é o cenário deste relato de experiência, que busca unir educadores e educandos e a experiência estética por meio de um produto educacional. O problema de pesquisa foi constituído a partir da premissa freireana a qual sustenta que para realizar uma educação integral pressupõe-se, entre outras questões, a experiência estética. Desta forma, desenvolveu-se um material textual no formato de guia disponibilizado como recurso pedagógico para a criação de exposições com a produção dos educandos, o qual foi posto em uso com diferentes turmas de variados níveis educativos, resultando em mostras que puderam dar a dimensão da importância da experiência estética no referido contexto educativo.
This is america: relatos e reflexão em torno de uma prática educativa
Authors: Costa Júlio César Virgínio da , Pacheco Thaís De Ribeiro
Published: March 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo partilhar e promover reflexões em torno de uma prática educativa efetivada dentro da estrutura curricular do Centro Pedagógico da UFMG denominada Grupo de Trabalho Diferenciado (G.T.D.) O foco do GTD está centrado em práticas educativas com os discentes por meio da promoção de deslocamentos e de ações por intermédio de ferramentas lúdicas e dinâmicas, sendo a música a principal ferramenta usada no This is America, em busca de apresentar outras experiências para os discentes envolvidos, tanto aos alunos do CP UFMG quanto aos graduandos monitores. Além disso, buscou-se o desenvolvimento integral dos envolvidos, observando as múltiplas dimensões do ser humano no trabalho pedagógico. Para efetivação de nossos objetivos, cada aula teve como foco um tema específico e, por meio de diferentes mecanismos, os educandos foram sensibilizados perante cada temática e instigados a refletir sobre consequências palpáveis de cada assunto abordado em sala de aula no seu próprio cotidiano.
Perspectivas e limitações do trabalho com práticas corporais de aventura na escola: um relato de experiência
Authors: Corrêa Ivan Livindo de Senna
Published: March 2021

Este relato objetiva refletir sobre a trajetória pedagógica do autor, suas perspectivas e obstáculos vividos no trabalho com práticas corporais de aventura na escola. Para realizar o trabalho, utilizaram-se os pressupostos metodológicos autobiográficos, em que o sujeito é ator e autor das experiências vividas. Como resultado, destaca-se o interesse do autor pelas práticas corporais de aventura, as possibilidades, os obstáculos e, como perspectivas finais, o trabalho aponta para publicações anteriores que apresentam metodologias para o ensino de arvorismo, tirolesa, rapel, parkour e slackline em todos os níveis de ensino da educação básica.
Fazer teatro no CAp-UFRJ: Uma experiência compartilhada de produção, iluminação e figurino
Authors: Becker Schmid Luna , Lopes Grimaldi Maria Luisa
Published: March 2021

Esta pesquisa se refere ao processo do trabalho de bolsistas de figurino, produção e iluminação, do setor de artes cênicas do Colégio de Aplicação da UFRJ, no desenvolvimento didático do fazer teatro na escola, com alunos do ensino básico. É abordado e descrito o processo pelo qual tais bolsistas usaram como objeto de estudo aprofundando o discurso dialético em suas propostas - que se da pela arte do diálogo, onde é demonstrado inicialmente uma tese, um ideal ou uma ação argumentados e que através de um debate conjunto se transformam nos conceitos definidos - as escolhas das obras que foram trabalhadas ao longo do ano letivo, suas metodologias, referências e experiências durante o processo até seu desfecho.
Desenho Geométrico: uma reflexão sobre currículo e práticas de ensino e aprendizagem
Authors: Da Silva Caroline Mendes , Machado Fernanda Menezes
Published: March 2021

Este trabalho propõe uma reflexão sobre o currículo e as práticas pedagógicas relacionados ao ensino do Desenho Geométrico na educação básica por meio de uma pesquisa exploratória. Para isso, investigou-se o histórico da disciplina na educação no Brasil para que entendêssemos sua atual situação nas escolas, especificamente no Colégio de Aplicação da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. O objetivo foi pesquisar algumas maneiras diferentes das abordagens tradicionais do ensino de Desenho para que, de alguma forma, os alunos tivessem mais interesse com os processos de construção gráfica propostos pelo currículo escolar. Diante de algumas práticas multidisciplinares e metodologias descritas dentro da concepção de design thinking, percebeu-se um maior envolvimento destes alunos no processo de desenvolvimento teórico e prático do Desenho Geométrico.
O Colégio de Aplicação da UFRJ como unidade extensionista: a Educação Básica na Universidade como espaço de formação e de produção de saberes entre professores
Authors: Lima Isabel Van Der Ley
Published: March 2021

A extensão universitária é um processo educativo, cultural e científico que articula o ensino e a pesquisa. Os Colégios de Aplicação, como unidades de Educação Básica universitárias, devem também ser espaços para o desenvolvimento de atividades extensionistas. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste trabalho é refletir sobre o papel do CAp da UFRJ como espaço produtor de ações de extensão. Para tanto, foram levantadas as ações registradas nos anos de 2012 a 2019. As ações desenvolvidas na escola têm dialogado de forma direta ou indireta com a formação de professores. Recentemente parte das ações passou a integrar o Complexo de Formação de Professores, política universitária que visa repensar a formação docente. Avalia-se, portanto, que a partir das ações desenvolvidas, o CAp cumpre seu papel como unidade de Educação Básica Universitária imbuída da produção de conhecimento e da construção de práticas ligadas à formação docente.
Gênero, origem social e (auto)biografia: processos de formação e relação com a escolaridade
Authors: Trombetta Elisangela Melnik , Pinto Fabio Machado
Published: March 2021

O presente trabalho resulta de uma pesquisa de mestrado desenvolvida em um colégio federal, na qual buscamos compreender os processos de formação de escolares que frequentam a educação básica: irmão e irmã oriundos de classes populares que apresentam diferentes relações com a escolaridade. Neste artigo, demarcaremos o estudo das relações das figuras femininas que participaram da pesquisa. A importância da condição socioeconômica e cultural da família é analisada face às intersecções entre gênero e rendimento escolar, sobretudo, nas atividades realizadas pela estudante sob mediação de adultos e pares, com atenção especial na mediação materna. Destacamos como a importância, o esforço e as estratégias que elas canalizam no estabelecimento de uma relação bem-sucedida com a escola e com os saberes, com destaque para as aprendizagens de autonomia e responsabilidade, que desdobram de uma disciplina e rotina cultivadas em casa entre elas.
A randomized double-blind comparison of kinesio and athletic taping in the treatment of lateral epicondylitis: Clinical and sonographic outcomes
Authors: Savran Sezen , Toprak Ugur , Baltaci Gul , Bek Nilgun
Published: March 2021

Objective: To compare early effects of the application of kinesio and
athletic taping as part of the intensive conservative physiotherapy of
the lateral epicondylitis using the results from ultrasonography and
clinical tests. Methods: Twenty-eight volunteers aged from 27 to 55
years old who had been clinically diagnosed with the lateral
epicondylitis received in addition to the 4-week conventional
physiotherapy program, one group was treated with athletic taping
(n=14), the other with kinesio taping (n=14). The patients were
evaluated through clinical tests (visual analog scoring, isokinetic
elbow, grip and pinch strength tests, a Disability of Arm and Shoulder
questionnaire (DASH) and ultrasonography examination on the first and
last days of the physiotherapy program. Results: The two groups had
similar characteristics in all the baseline findings-and they showed
improvement in the DASH score and the regression in pain scores. The
activity pain was further reduced in the kinesio group (p = 0.006).
However, there were no significant differences in isokinetic muscle
strength at 600 /s and 1200 /s velocity speeds between kinesio and
athletic groups. There was also a substantial reduction in the tendon
thickness in the kinesio group (p = 0.063, 0.031, 0.07; respectively)
The tendon thickness was reduced by 92.3% in the kinesio-taped
patients, and only 22.2% in the athletic taped patients. The presence
of a tear in the tendon had a negative effect on the tendon thickness
reduction (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The results showed that
physiotherapy coupled with the kinesiotaping was considered to be the
better choice in the short-term treatment of the lateral epicondylitis.
Since the presence of a tear has an impact on the healing process,
ultrasonography might be an efficient method to use to discover the
existence of a tear in the tendon and informing the decision about the
appropriate type of treatment.
Visible, potential, and functional land degradation assessment in southern Africa
Authors: Li Zidong , Wang Shuai , Gao Dexin , Liu Yanxu , Musakwa Walter , Wei Fangli , Wang YueJun , Ba Darifu
Published: March 2021

Land degradation in drylands threatens vulnerable ecosystems and
socioeconomic development. Currently, NDVI derived from remotely sensed
data is the main tool used for degradation detection. Three indicators
have usually been used to detect land degradation: (1) NDVI trends for
visible degradation, (2) residual for human-induced potential
degradation, and (3) sensitivity of vegetation to rainfall for
functional degradation. However, few studies have integrated and
compared these three indicators. In this study, we used Global Inventory
Monitoring and Modelling System Version (GIMMS 3.1) NDVI dataset and
Multiple Source Weighted-Ensemble Precipitation (MSWEP) rainfall dataset
(1982-2015) and applied linear regression, Time Series Segmented and
Residual Trend (TSS-RESTREND), and Sequential Regression (SeRGs) methods
to detect degradation in southern Africa. The results showed that
degradation was detected by these three respective indicators in 18.7%,
11.3%, and 7.1% of the study area. Degradation from any one type was
found to occupy 27.21% of the total area, whereas the co-occurrence of
two or more types only occupied 3.84%. These results indicate the
dominant discrepancies among these indicators and the independent
relationships among the degradation processes. Despite significantly
greening, potential degradation and functional degradation were still
observed. On the regional scale, spatial patterns of degradation were
affected by different levels of aridity. On the national scale, the
proportions of degradation were still influenced by increased
population, inadequate policies, and other factors. This study
highlights the need to detect degradation with multiple indicators and
improves our understanding of degradation types and intensity.
Insight into the semiconducting performance of tetraphenyldipyranylidene derivatives in organic field-effect transistors
Authors: Naserian Samira , Izadyar Mohammad , Arkan Foroogh
Published: March 2021

In this paper, Tetraphenyldipyranylidene (DPPh), a large quinoidal
planar π-conjugated heterocyclic, was considered as primary organic
molecule in organic field effect transistors (OFETs).
Electron-withdrawing atoms such as F, Cl, and Br were attached to the
H-atoms of four peripheral phenyl groups of para-positions relative to
the O-atoms of DPPh. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations at the
M06-2X/6-311G++ (d,p) level were performed. The influences of the
different electron-withdrawing atoms such as F, Cl, and Br on the
electronic and optical properties, charge transport parameters, and
charge carrier mobility were investigated. The absorption and emission
spectra of the DPPh and its derivatives were theoretically simulated in
OFETs. The simulated spectra show an intense peak in the visible region
(400-650 nm), in which the highest adsorption/emission intensity is
related to DPPh-Br. Moreover, the charge injection energy barrier of
DPPh and its derivatives were calculated by considering Pt as the source
electrode. Based on the results, a greater hole transport is predicted
than the electron transport. Moreover, the obtained ratio of the
hole/electron mobility and the theoretical correlations between the
charge transport parameters of monomers and dimers show that the
insertion of the electron-withdrawing atoms in the DPPh structure is a
promising strategy to have an ambipolar or n-type semiconductor, too.
The obtained results show that introducing electron-withdrawing atoms at
the para-position of the DPPh improves the hole/electron injection and
transport process in the OFET devices. Finally, DPPh-Br shows a great
performance in comparison with the substituted F and Cl atoms in the
OFETs devices.
Reef communities show predictable undulations in linear abundance size spectra from copepods to sharks
Authors: Heather Freddie , Stuart-Smith Rick , Blanchard Julia , Fraser Kate , Edgar Graham
Published: March 2021

Amongst the more widely accepted general hypotheses in ecology is that
community relationships between abundance and body size follow a
log-linear size spectrum, from the smallest consumers to the largest
predators (i.e., “bacteria to whales”). Nevertheless, most studies
only investigate small subsets of this spectrum, due to extreme size
classes that deviate from these linear expectations. In this study, we
fit size spectra to field data from 45 rocky and coral reef sites along
a 28° latitudinal gradient, and spanning 11 orders of magnitude in body
size, from 3 μg to 150 kg. We found that 97% of the variation in
abundance along this ‘extended’ size gradient was described by a single
linear function across all sites. Moreover, consistent ‘wobbles’ were
also observed, with subtle peaks and troughs in abundance along the
spectrum, that related strongly to sea temperature and local site
conditions.
A chromosomal assembly of the soybean cyst nematode genome
Authors: Masonbrink Rick , Maier Tom , Hudson Matthew , Severin Andrew , Baum Thomas
Published: March 2021

The soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines) is a sedentary plant
parasite that exceeds a billion dollars in yield losses annually. It has
spread across the soybean-producing world, emerging as the primary
pathogen of soybeans. This problem is exacerbated by H. glycines
populations overcoming the limited sources of natural resistance in
soybean and by the lack of effective and safe alternative treatments.
Although there are genetic determinants that render soybean plants
resistant to certain nematode genotypes, resistant soybean cultivars are
increasingly ineffective because their multi-year usage has selected for
virulent H. glycines populations. Successful H. glycines infection
relies on the comprehensive re-engineering of soybean root cells into a
syncytium, as well as the long-term suppression of host defenses to
ensure syncytial viability. At the forefront of these complex molecular
interactions are effectors, the proteins secreted by H. glycines into
host root tissues. The mechanisms that control genomic effector
acquisition, diversification, and selection are important insights
needed for the development of essential novel control strategies. As a
foundation to obtain this understanding, we developed a nine scaffold,
158Mb pseudomolecule assembly of the H. glycines genome using PacBio,
Chicago, and Hi-C sequencing. An annotation of 22,465 genes was
predicted using a Mikado pipeline informed by published short- and
long-read expression data. Here we present results from our assembly and
annotation of the H. glycines genome.
Chronic Hypertension, Perinatal Mortality, and the Impact of Preterm Delivery: A Population-Based Study in the United States, 2015-2018
Authors: Grover Sonal , Brandt Justin , Reddy Uma , ONLY) Cande Ananth (STATS CONSULTS
Published: March 2021

Objective: To estimate the association between chronic hypertension and
perinatal mortality and evaluate the extent to which this risk is
impacted by preterm delivery. Design: Cross-sectional analysis. Setting:
US, 2015-2018. Population: Singleton births from 20-44 weeks’ gestation.
Main outcomes and measures: We derived the risk of perinatal mortality
in relation to chronic hypertension from fitting log-linear Poisson
models with robust variance. Risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence
intervals (CI) were estimated after adjusting for confounders. The
impact of misclassifications and unmeasured confounding biases were
assessed. Causal mediation analysis was performed to quantify the impact
of preterm delivery on the association. Results: Of the 15,090,678
singleton births, perinatal mortality was 22.5 per 1000 births in
chronic hypertensive pregnancies compared to 8.2 per 1000 births in
normotensive pregnancies (adjusted RR 2.05, 95% CI 2.00, 2.10).
Corrections for exposure misclassification and unmeasured confounding
biases substantially increased the risk estimate. Although, causal
mediation analysis revealed that most of the effect of chronic
hypertension on perinatal mortality was mediated through preterm
delivery, the perinatal mortality rates were highest at early term,
term, and late term gestations, suggesting that a planned early term
delivery at 37-386/7 weeks may optimally balance risk in these
pregnancies. Additionally, 87% (95% CI 84, 90) of perinatal deaths
could be eliminated if preterm deliveries, as a result of chronic
hypertension were prevented. Conclusions: Chronic hypertensive
pregnancies are associated with increased risk for perinatal mortality.
Planned early term delivery and targeting modifiable risk factors for
chronic hypertension may reduce perinatal mortality rates.
Clinical, dermoscopic, and histopathological evaluations of patients with nail disorders
Authors: El-Hamd Mohammed Abu , Yassin Fatma El-Zahraa Salah El-Deen , El-hamid Nehal Hussein Abd , El-Sharkawy Reham Ezz El-Dawla
Published: March 2021

Objective: This study aimed to assess the possible role of dermoscopy in
the diagnosis of different nail disorders compared with the clinical and
histopathological diagnosis. Methods: This study included 104 patients
with any nail disorders of both sex and any age. All the patients were
subjected to a detailed medical history taken, clinical general
examination, clinical and dermoscopic examinations of 20 nails.
Potassium hydroxide examination was used to examine all patients with
suspicious of onychomycosis. Histopathological evaluation was used to
examine of clinically ambiguous nail disorders. Results: The most common
nail diseases were onychomycosis (54.81%) followed by nail psoriasis
(19.2%), and nail lichen planus (3.8%). Conclusion: Clinical
evaluation was an important in diagnosis of different nail diseases.
Nail dermoscopy could confirm clinical diagnosis and help in getting an
accurate diagnosis of nail diseases and guide in the management of nail
diseases by permitting better visualization of nail structure and
pathology. Histopathological examination provided the most definitive
method in reaching an accurate diagnosis due to it could provide
etiologic, diagnostic, and prognostic information. There was good
agreement between clinical, dermoscopic, and histopathological
examinations for accurate diagnosis of different nail diseases.