bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hair Dyeing Ingredients in The Sight of The Prophetic Hadith
Authors: Wulandari Agustina  , Muhajirin  , Nadhiran Hedhri
Published: April 2024

This article aims to discuss hair dye ingredients from the perspective of the Prophet's hadith. Hair color was chosen as the object of study because it has now become a trend and was exemplified by the Prophet. Additionally, hair color has become an important part of a person's style, pattern and everyday appearance, in addition to clothing design. It's not just the haircut that changes, there are also various types of materials used to vary the hair. By using descriptive-analytical qualitative methods, this article concludes that a search of the Prophet's hadiths relating to hair dyes shows that the Prophet used hair colors made from henna and katam. However, there is no prohibition against the use of other than henna dye and katam (manufactured hair dye), but their use should not be excessive and should not be used for a long period of time, because these ingredients contain dangerous ingredients that can cause different diseases- different. Thus, this article can be used as a guide for Muslims to color their hair according to their needs, referring to developments and demands of the times.
Eclipse and Wind Phenomenon in The Perspective of Hadith Aqidah
Authors: Febriansyah  , Putri Dela Sari  , Muhammad Faried Al-Fithri  , Anisa Nabila Tuzzahidah  , Muhammad Tauhid
Published: April 2024

This paper examines how Hadiths about natural phenomena, especially eclipses and wind, can strengthen the aqidah of Muslims. The study of hadiths about eclipses and wind is reinforced by the interpretation of the Qur'an, the opinions of scholars, and some scientific opinions to prove its truth. This paper uses a qualitative method with the type of library research and data analysis techniques in the form of descriptive analytical. Thus, this paper concludes that the eclipse phenomenon in the hadith perspective is a sign of God's power that is not a myth and is not caused by someone's death. Meanwhile, the wind phenomenon contained in the hadith shows the power of God sent to His servants, regardless of whether the wind sent by God is a mercy or not. In this case, the appropriate attitude taught by the Prophet is to trust and pray for what Allah has determined. This conclusion indicates the existence of creedal values contained in the Hadith, namely the value of faith in the Last Day, the importance of prayer and supplication, the value of tawakal, and the value of ethics in speaking.
TƏRCÜMƏ MÜMKÜNDÜRMÜ?
Authors: EMİNOVA N.İ.
Published: April 2024

Is Translation possible? Summary The article discusses the myth that translation is impossible, tracing its origins to early thinkers like Sapir, Whorf and Wittgenstein. While they suggested linguistic relativity and the inherent limitations of language, modern linguistics has debunked these ideas. Contemporary understanding acknowledges that while language can influence thought, translation is feasible due to universal grammar and practical examples of successful translations. Moreover, the theological imperative to translate the holy books underscores the desirability and possibility of translation. Overall, the article argues that while early theories may have suggested otherwise, translation is both possible and essential for communication and knowledge dissemination across linguistic and cultural boundaries. Key words: translation, linguistic relativity, modern linguistics, universal grammar, communication
DETERMİNANTLAR VƏ CÜMLƏ ÜZVLƏRİNİN QARŞILIQLI ƏLAQƏSİNƏ DAİR
Authors: ƏMRAHOVA M.B.
Published: April 2024

On the Relationship of Determinants and Parts of Sentences Summary In order for the language to carry out any kind of communication, all the links of the syntax that make up the structure of the language must be in place. The syntactic system of the language is made up of word combinations, sentences and text. Syntactic units in the language are connected with each other by meaning and grammatical relations and form the structural regularity of syntactic units, its regulator. As in every world language, the syntactic structure of the modern Oghuz Turkic languages consists of an ordered system of syntactic units. In this ordered system, the determinants have their own place and position along with word combinations, sentence parts, sentences and text. Key words: determiner, sentence, syntax, adverb, verb
MÜXTƏLİFSİSTEMLİ DİLLƏRDƏ JARQON LEKSİKASININ İŞLƏNMƏ MƏQAMLARI VƏ SEMANTİK XÜSUSİYYƏTLƏRİ
Authors: HƏSƏNOVA N.X. , CƏFƏROV R.C.
Published: April 2024

Development of the Syllables in Different Systematic Language and Their Lexical-Semantic Features Summary Jargon is a group of words that exist in almost every language. Its aim is to preserve secrecy within a certain social group.Jargonisms are usually old words with entirely new meanings, which canbe understood only by the people inside the social group (not outside it).Jargonism are social (not regional) in character, for example: the jargon of thieves and vagabonds (cant), the jargon of jazzmen, the jargon of the army (military slang), etc. Many of them have entered the Standard Vocabulare.g. kid, fun, queer, bluff, fib, humbug (formerly slang words and jargonisms are now considered common literary). Key words: jargon words, semantic, lexical, structural, argo words
İNGİLİSLƏRİN MİLLİ XARAKTERİNİN FƏRQLİ XÜSUSİYYƏTLƏRİNİ ƏKS ETDİRƏN ATALAR SÖZLƏRİ VƏ DEYİMLƏRİN TƏSNİFATI
Authors: QULİYEV T.S.
Published: April 2024

The Classification of the Proverbs and Sayings Reflecting Distinctive Features of National Character of the English People Summary The article deals with the classification of the proverbs and sayings reflecting distinctive features of national character of the English people. The proverbs are fixed statements in which simple and popular words are used to reflect the deep truth, and are generalization of experience in everyday life. The proverb is a crystallization of human wisdom, embodied in the language, is declared “a national mirror” or “a lively finding of the language”. The contents of proverbs comprise all aspects of public life. In definite sense, as an important component the proverbs have become an encyclopedia for people to understand their life and regulate their behaviour. They reflect the culture, customs and traditions of people. Key words: The English People, National Character, Distinctive Features, Proverbs, Sayings, Classification
ƏVƏZLİK NİTQ HİSSƏSİ KİMİ AZƏRBAYCAN VƏ İNGİLİS DİLLƏRİ İLƏ MÜQAYİSƏLİ MÜSTƏVİDƏ
Authors: İBRAHİMOVA İ.R. , ALCANOVA A.C.
Published: April 2024

Pronoun as a Part of Speech in Azerbaijani and English on a Comparative Level Summary The article deals with the study of the reflexive voice in the English language. Considering the problem of the voice from the point of view of morphology, the author makes out if the combination “the verb+reflexive pronoun” is the from of the reflexive voice; from syntactical point of view if the mentioned combination is a single syntactical unit or a reflexive pronoun has an independent syntactical function in the sentence. Key Word: English language, personal, relative, relative, interrogative, reflexive pronouns
M.ACİZİN “DİVAN”ında İŞLƏNƏN MƏİŞƏT LEKSİKASININ TƏHLİLİ
Authors: MƏMMƏDOVA A.Ə.
Published: April 2024

Analysis of household lexicon used in M.Aciz "Divan" Summary The household lexicon refers to the words that describe the names of the most important and necessary things that people use every day. This includes the names of food, clothing, decorations, and household items used in daily life. Muhammad Khalifa Ajiz, one of the prominent figures of South Azerbaijani literature, unfor¬tu¬na¬tely, is one of the writers who are not so familiar to the reader of modern Azerbaijani literature, and whose research works are rarely written about him. Although the language of Ajiz's poems is the subject of research by Iranian and Turkish scholars, the importance of his "Divan" for the vocabulary of the Azer¬bai¬jani language has been neglected. In this article, the artistic language of Muhammad Khalifa Ajiz is analy¬zed from a lexicographic point of view. The interesting part of the Ajiz lexicon is the less used lexicon that is used in certain regions of South Azerbaijan and which can be encountered by the current modern reader. Key words: South Azerbaijan literature, Ajiz, linguistics, lexicon
MÜASİR İNGİLİS DİLİNDƏ QRAMMATİK ELLİPSİSİ YARADAN MEYARLAR
Authors: MURADOVA M.K. , ALLAHVEVDİYEVA Q.M.
Published: April 2024

Criteria for Grammatical Ellipsis in Mordern English Summary In Modern English ellipsis may be more strictly described as grammatical omission in contrast to other kinds of omission in language. Five criteria for ellipsis are distinguished: 1. The missing expression is precisely recoverable. 2. The elliptical construction is defective. Hence the technicalities of ellipsis are not mere technicalities, but have importance in enabling us to make different generalization about what kinds of reduction are possible in English grammar. Key words: ellipsis, anaphora, devlopment, postulate, autosemantic, term
MÜASİR İNGİLİS VƏ ALMAN DİLLƏRİNDƏ GÜMAN BİLDİRƏN FEİLLƏRİN SEMANTİK XÜSUSİYYƏTLƏRİ
Authors: YUSİFOV E.Q. , YUSİFOVA K.Y.
Published: April 2024

Semantic Properties of Presumptive Verbs in Modern English and German Summary While studying the semantic characteristics of presumptive verbs in modern English and German languages, it can be concluded that these verbs, which are distinguished by their small number compared to other verbs in the vocabulary of the language, belong to the group of verbs that play an important role in the act of speaking due to their unique semantic nuances and a wide range of expressive possibilities. As a result, while studying the lexical-semantic features of the presumptive verbs in both languages, we clarified that the pragmatic-stylistic nuances of these verbs are characterized by the use of the correct verb as the correct choice in the subject's speech in relation to the object. Key words: speech act, presumptive verbs, semantic features, ways of expression, affirmative and negative forms
AZƏRBAYCAN DİLİNİN DİALEKTOLOGİYASI VƏ QARABAĞ DİALEKTİNİN BƏZİ NƏZƏRƏÇARPAN CƏHƏTLƏRİ HAQQINDA
Authors: YUSİFOVA A.T.
Published: April 2024

Dialectology of the Azerbaijan Language and Karabakh on some Controversial Aspects of Dialect Summary The paper addresses the most significant problems related to the study of the living domestic dialect and language history. Dialects study archaisms that have vanished from the language of literature. Our literary language changes according to the demands of contemporary times as a consequenceof the basic research of dialects. In Azerbaijani linguistics, a great deal of job has been performed in the field of historical dialectology. Key words: literary language, national dialects, modern eras, different words, language development
BEYOND WORDS: A COMPREHENSIVE EXPLORATION OF LEXICAL, GRAMMATICAL, CULTURAL, AND PRAGMATIC CHALLENGES IN TRANSLATION
Authors: HUSEYNOVA L.J.
Published: April 2024

Summary: This comprehensive article delves into the intricate world of translation challenges, exploring the dimensions of lexical, grammatical, cultural, and pragmatic hurdles faced by translators. From the nuances of vocabulary and sentence structures to the impact of cultural context and the subtleties of social dynamics, each challenge type is dissected, exemplified, and accompanied by strategies for effective navigation. Emphasizing the need for a holistic approach, the article calls for a nuanced understanding of the interconnected facets involved in the translation process. The conclusion resonates with a call to action, urging language enthusiasts and practitioners to recognize and navigate these challenges for the sake of fostering effective cross-cultural communication. This exploration underscores that successful translation is not just about transferring words; it's a transformative journey that requires cultural competence, linguistic finesse, and an appreciation for the intricate dance between languages and cultures. Keywords: translation challenges, lexical hurdles, grammatical complexity, cultural nuances, pragmatic dimensions, cross-cultural communication, holistic approach, effective translation strategies
THE MAIN FEATURES OF THE PARTİCLES IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE
Authors: BASHIRZADE A.R.
Published: April 2024

Summary. In grammar, a particle is a range of words that fall outside the traditional eight parts of speech – noun, verb, pronoun, adjective, preposition, adverb, interjection, conjunction, yet there is no doubt about its value in language. So, what is a particle in English? The best way to look at it is as a function word, or word that must be associated with another to give meaning. An example would be the ‘to’ in the verb ‘to run’. Although to can be used as a preposition, with verbs like to run, to love, or to talk, it acts as something called an infinitive marker, and it doesn’t really have any meaning on its own. The broad term for words like this is particle. In English, for example, the phrase "oh well" has no purpose in speech other than to convey a mood. The word 'up' would be a particle in the phrase to 'look up' (as in the phrase "look up this topic"), implying that one researches something, rather than literally gazing skywards. Many languages use particles, in varying amounts and for varying reasons. In Hindi, they may be used as honorifics, or to indicate emphasis or negation. Key words: habit, word, meaning, expression, sentence, infinitive, function
AZƏRBAYCANIN BOLONYA PROSESİNƏ QOŞULMASI ZƏRURƏTİ
Authors: CƏFƏROVA L.X.
Published: April 2024

The Need for Azerbaijan to Join the Bologna Process Summary The Bologna process will push our universities to a pragmatic modernization of education, a comparative analysis of their curricula and programs with single-disciplinary European universities, and real benefits from the latest achievements of European science in the educational process. Academic mobility of professorial and pedagogical life will become a more effective form of advanced training for the teaching staff of our universities. Key words: internationalization of education, globalization of education, opportunities for globalization, global educational space, international cooperation
ƏSAS MUSİQİ ALƏTİ MƏŞĞƏLƏLƏRİNDƏ MUSİQİ JANR XÜSUSİYYƏTLƏRİ HAQQINDA BİLİKLƏR
Authors: ƏHMƏDOVA İ.Ə.
Published: April 2024

Learning the Features of Genres in The Classes of the Main Instrument Summary The presented article is devoted to the topic of studying genre features in the process of teaching students on the main instrument. The article makes an excursion to the main varieties of genres of musical art. The student's orientation in a variety of genres expands the boundaries of his worldview and professional field of activity. As a result of this, the presented article carries methodological value in the educational process. Key words: student, art, music, genre, piano
ŞAGİRDLƏRİN ŞİFAHİ NİTQİNİN İNKİŞAFINDA MONOLOJİ VƏ DİALOJİ NİTQİN NƏZƏRİ ƏSASLARI (Alman dilinin materialları əsasında)
Authors: İSMAYILOVA E.İ.
Published: April 2024

Theoretical Foundations of Monology and Dialogicity of Speech in the Development of Oral Speech Speakers (on the basis of German language materials) Summary It is very important that the development of speech is included in the educational process. In particular, it is important to develop a speech culture when teaching the language in higher educational institutions. When teaching speech culture, you need to focus on two types of speech and make students feel comfortable in both types. Methods of expression, appearance, purpose of communication, conditions, etc. There are a number of features (oral speech, written speech, formal speech, stage speech, public speaking, literary speech, indirect speech, indirect speech, organized and unorganized speech, etc.) that differ in different parameters from each other. In the process of training, a future specialist should gain theoretical knowledge and practical skills in constructing monologic speech and dialogic speech. Key words: skills, monologue speech, dialogic speech, speech development, new technologies
YENİ TƏLİM TEXNOLOGİYALARINDAN İSTİFADƏ HAQQINDA MÖVCUD ELMİ NƏZƏRİYYƏLƏR VƏ YANAŞMALAR
Authors: İSMAYILOVA N.R.
Published: April 2024

Current Scientific Theories and Approaches on the use of New Learning Technologies Summary The article analyzes the current scientific theories and approaches about the use of new learning technologies. The main point is in what form this work is carried out in preschool educational institutions. I would like to emphasize one aspect that the article mentions the importance of what educators-teachers learn when using new learning technologies. Key words: new learning, technologies, preschool, development, attitude
GÜLLƏ ATICILIĞINDA UĞURU MÜƏYYƏN EDƏN AMİLLƏRİN ÖYRƏNİLMƏSİ
Authors: QƏHRƏMANOVA Z.İ. , NOVRUZOV O.Ə. , CƏFƏROVA A.K.
Published: April 2024

Studying the Factors Determining Succes in Bullet Shooting Summary Thus, correlation analysis made it possible to identify the most important factors that influence the success of a shooting athlete. It turned out that preliminary data on these factors obtained from an analysis of the literature and a survey were only partially confirmed. In particular, it was established as a result of testing and surveys that coaches attach the leading importance to technical, psychological and physical preparation. Key words: bullet shooting, selection, tests, competitions
UŞAQLARIN HƏRTƏRƏFLİ İNKİŞAFINDA MUSİQİ TƏRBİYƏSİNİN ƏHƏMİYYƏTİ
Authors: QƏRİBOVA A.H.
Published: April 2024

The importance of musical education in the comprehensive development of children Summary The purpose of the article is to show the importance of musical education in the comprehensive development of children. It is noted here that for the timely education and direction of children’s interest in music, it is necessary to properly establish and regularly continue music education in kindergartens. The article concludes that musical education, in addition to shaping the personality of preschoolers and improving their overall musical development, develops their artistic taste, instills in them a passion for beauty, the ability to choose between good and bad, and develops the ability to independently engage in any type of musical activity. Key words: musical education, development, perception of music, artistic taste
TƏLİM PROSESİNDƏ YENİ TEXNOLOGİYALARDAN İSTİFADƏ İMKANLARI
Authors: MƏMMƏDOVA G.R.
Published: April 2024

Kurikulum characteristic features shame, problems which go out approached solution of the problems which arise in article. Three each steps of education in the article in the education system of our republic being analysed complex and it have been solved successfully. Key words: kurikulum, education steps, complex to approach, results of training, training of technology
İNGİLİS DİLİ BEYNƏLXALQ ÜNSİYYƏT VASİTƏSİ KİMİ BƏZİ SPESİFİK CƏHƏTLƏRİ VƏ PROBLEMATİK XÜSUSİYYƏTLƏRİ
Authors: MƏMMƏDOVA T.İ.
Published: April 2024

Some Specific Aspects and Problematic Characteristics of English as a Medium of International Communication Summary The current article aims to identify difficulties that students face in learning the English language. Grammatical rule is among other difficulties found in the process of learning other languages. This truth also applies to those who are studying English in different levels of education. Different students can have different difficulties and problems in learning English. They can make different mistakes in English pronunciation, grammar, orthography and vocabulary usage.English as a second or foreign language, refers to the use of English by speakers with different native languages. Key words: oral, written, language materials, purpose, communication skills
MƏKTƏBDAXİLİ İDARƏETMƏDƏ MONİTORİNQ VƏ QİYMƏTLƏNDİRMƏ
Authors: NAZİRLİ İ.E.
Published: April 2024

Monitoring and Evaluation in Intraschool Management Summary Performing leading functions such as planning, organization, coordination, linking, monitoring, control, analysis, etc., a complex process is naturally carried out as targeted regulation of the management of an educational institution. Moreover, in planning activities to be implemented in this process, not only the directions for the implementation of specific activities and work are provided, but their quality level is also determined. Key words: intraschool management, activity planning, educational management, educational programs, coordination in management
ORTA MƏKTƏBLƏRİN YUXARI SİNİFLƏRİNDƏ İNGİLİS DİLİNDƏ ŞAGİRDLƏRİN ŞİFAHİ NİTQ VƏRDİŞLƏRİNİN İNKİŞAF ETDİRİLMƏSİ YOLLARI
Authors: NƏSİROVA Z.B.
Published: April 2024

The Ways of Developing Students’ Oral Speech Skills in English at Senior Classes of Secondary Schools Summary The article deals with the problem of working out effective ways of using speaking skill in FLT. It is obvious that today any language, especially the global language should be taught for communicative purposes. Adequately, teaching all the skills and used methods, should be integrated into the process of developing language learning students’ communicative competence. In the process of investigation great attention was given to the facts taken from the methodological literature. One of the important goal of the article is to detect and find out the role of oral speech. Emphasizing its role in modern English referring to the works of scientists that have been researched in this field, we emphasize the emergence of speaking in methodology. Key words: speech, language, word, communication, motivation
MÜASİR TƏHSİL PARADİQMASI KONTEKSTİNDƏ TƏLİM PROSESİNİN SƏMƏRƏLİLİYİNİN OPTİMALLAŞDIRILMASI
Authors: NƏZƏROVA G.
Published: April 2024

Optimizing the Efficiency of the Training Process in the Context of the Modern Educational Paradigm Summary The article examines the problem of increasing the efficiency of the modern educational paradigm through the optimization of the educational process as the main tool for the formation of personality according to the abilities and needs of students. The principles of optimizing education are described, the principle of optimality is mentioned, and pedagogical conditions that optimize the teaching process are discussed. The article also defines the optimality criteria for determining the efficiency level of the educational process, the principles of optimizing the educational and educational process, which are necessary to create favorable conditions in the optimization process. Key words: optimization, educational paradigm, efficiency, principles, pedagogical values
FİZİKİ MƏHDUDLUĞU OLAN ATICILARIN İDMAN MƏŞQİNİN İDARƏ OLUNMASI
Authors: SALMANOVA N.B. , QƏHRƏMANOVA Z.İ. , NOVRUZOV O.Ə.
Published: April 2024

Management of Sports Training of Shooters with Physical Limitations Summary In one of the articles of the convention "On the rights of the disabled" adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations in 2006, it is reflected in giving disabled people the opportunity to spend leisure and rest time together with other people, to participate in sports events. In order to solve the tasks arising from this article, opportunities have been created for the disabled to engage in various sports sections. People with various physical disabilities (restrictions) work in these units. Physically disabled (limited) athletes engaged in shooting sports have won certain achievements by performing in national and international level competitions. However, there are certain problems in the organization and conduct of training with such athletes. From this point of view, it is important to develop the methodology of training with physically disabled shooters. The article talks about various operations performed by the coach with the active participation of shooters, which are the basis of sports training management of shooters with physical limitations. Key words: shooting, air pistol, training process, physical limitation, management, activity
VERBAL İNTERAKTİVLİYİN PLÜRALİST YANAŞMADA TƏDRİSİNİN BƏZİ MƏSƏLƏLƏRİ
Authors: SALMANOVA J.O.
Published: April 2024

Some Issues of Teaching Verbal Interactivity in a Pluralistic Approaches Summary The article deals with the some issues of teaching verbal interactivity in a pluralistic approaches. When communicating in a foreign language, the rules for using speech activities and practical activities related to verbal interactivity in different situations are shown. The article also refers to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) in the application of verbal and non-verbal communication and the Framework of Reference for Pluralistic Approaches to Languages and Cultures(CARAP) developed under the leadership of Michel Candelier. In this regard, the use of gestures, facial expressions and body language to achieve effective communication during dialogues in cultural and natural situations is important in teaching French. The scientific studies of local and foreign linguists and methodologists on the subject have been analyzed and summarized. Key words: communication, interactivity, verbal communication, nonverbal communication, pluralistic approaches
TƏDRİS PROSESİNDƏ YORĞUNLUĞUN ARADAN QALDIRILMASINDA AROMATERAPİYANIN ROLU
Authors: SALMANOVA N.B. , QARAYEVA S.Q. , CABBAROVA S.N.
Published: April 2024

The Role of Aromatherapy in Eliminating Fatigue in the Educational Process Summary Aromatherapy – influencing the body by means of essential oils is applied in various fields. Indians, Chinese, Egyptians have used essential oils in medicine and cosmetology since ancient times. Essential oils are very effective. Essential oils soothe, have an antiseptic, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effect on the body, cleanse the body of toxins and toxins, and have a positive effect on the immune system. In order to eliminate the fatigue that occurs in students during the training process, the effects of different aromatherapy tools are investigated and the results are interpreted in the article. Key words: aromatherapy, effective remedy, essential oils, training, nervous system, fatigue, arousal, activity
XARİCİ DİLLƏRİN TƏDRİSİNDƏ UĞURA APARAN YOL KİMİ TƏLİM STRATEGİYALARININ FORMALAŞDIRILMASI
Authors: YUSUBOVA Ü.T.
Published: April 2024

Formation of Learning Strategies as a Way Tosuccess in Teaching Foreign Languages Summary There are different strategies that are applied in teaching foreign languages. One of the most important strategies in teaching foreign languages is the creation of the interaction process in communication, i.e. ensuring interactivity. Modern teaching methods, which include interactive activity, intensify the lessons and directly affect the increase of thinking activity of learners. Such training is the implementation of actions and methods in a certain didactic system in the conditions of the cooperation of teachers and students. The main idea of training in the conditions of application of new strategies is not to do something together, but to learn together. Key words: interactive method, constructive training, fasilitator, writing strategies, didactic system
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PROJECT-BASED LEARNING IN BIOLOGY LESSONS IN THE UNITED STATES AND AZERBAIJAN
Authors: SHIRINZADE U.N.
Published: April 2024

Summary. This article provides a comparative analysis of the education systems in the United States and Azerbaijan, with a specific focus on project-based learning and inclusive education. Drawing on observations made during the Fulbright TEA program, the article highlights how these two countries approach education and the challenges and opportunities that arise as a result. The article also discusses the implications of these findings for future research and policy in the field of education. Key words: Education systems, Project-based learning, ınclusive education curriculum, biology lesson, critical thinking, student skills
НАЦИЯ СЛАВИТСЯ СВОЕЙ ИСТОРИЕЙ
Authors: БАГИРОВА С.И.
Published: April 2024

The Nation is Famous for its History Summary The article is devoted to our historical lands: the Erivan Khanate, Zangezur and Goychay counties, where Azerbaijanis should return to their ancestral lands. The article reveals the history of the creation of the teachers' seminary in Yerevan 143 years ago, which was one of the brightest representatives of Azerbaijani education. The merits of FiB.Kocharli in organizing the Iravan Teachers' Seminary are emphasized. Key words: historical lands, Yerevan Teachers' Seminary, exceptional merit, a certain level, bright pages.
TURİZMDƏ SAHİBKARLIQ RİSKLƏRİ
Authors: MƏMMƏDLİ A.M.
Published: April 2024

Risks of Entrepreneurship in Tourism Summary Entrepreneurship is a matter of great importance in the economic, political, social and cultural development of countries. Many institutions and organizations, especially the public sector, are making special efforts for the development and popularization of entrepreneurship around the world. National governments know that they cannot deal with the big problems of employment, economic growth, national income per capita, poverty reduction, regional development disparities and related migration with only public resources. At this point, the creation of a strong entrepreneurial ecosystem comes to the fore. The great attention paid to entrepreneurship today has increased research in this field and enriched the literature. Entrepreneurship was initially explained as a basic concept, but now many types of entrepreneurship are mentioned under this heading. However, the concepts and discussions developed about entrepreneurship seem to focus mainly on the manufacturing and technology industries and do not cover much of the service sector. The purpose of this study is to discuss tourism entrepreneurship, to reveal its characteristics through research and to contribute to the broader discussion. Key words: entrepreneurship, tourism, tourism entrepreneurship, green tourism, innovation
Knowledge on Puerperal Sepsis among Hospitalized Postnatal Mothers in a Lumbini Provincial Hospital
Authors: Kausal Sabita , Dangol Bhuwan Kumari
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Puerperal sepsis is a leading cause of maternal mortality and morbidity in developing  countries due to the lack of knowledge on preventive measures. The objective of the study was to find  out the knowledge on puerperal sepsis among hospitalized postnatal mothers.  

Method: A descriptive cross-sectional research design was adopted among 262 postnatal mothers who  were admitted in Lumbini Provincial Hospital. Data were collected by using non-probability purposive  sampling technique, through structured interview schedule. Data was analyzed by using descriptive  and inferential statistics. 

Result: More than one third of respondents (38.2%) were from the age group 25-29 years with mean  age was 26.21+4.44. Only 19.1% had good level of knowledge on puerperal sepsis.There was statistical  association between level of knowledge on puerperal sepsis and ethnicity (p=0.006), educational level  (p<0.001) and number of antenatal checkup (p=0.012). 

Conclusion: The majority of the respondents had fair level of knowledge on puerperal sepsis. However,  only few respondents had known the important issue regarding the risk factors such as prolonged  labour, sexual intercourse in late pregnancy and anemia. There is need to increase awareness program  for antenatal as well as postnatal mothers that would help to promote healthy postpartum period. 

Keywords:   Post-partum Period, Puerperal sepsis
Integration of Simulation Based Education in Nursing and Midwifery Education
Authors: Pandey Bista Archana
Published: April 2024

Simulation-Based Education (SBE) has been more prioritized among universities in their specialized health courses like as medicine, nursing and midwifery at different level. Evidences have proved that SBE helps students to acquire knowledge, attitude and skills into structured non-threatening environment which equipped them for clinical practice with more confident, less clinical errors resulting into better health outcome of their patient and client. Integration of structure curriculum is essential for implementing SBE where educators can facilitate their students for quality education which can transfer into quality practice during preservice courses.
Awareness Regarding Acute Respiratory Tract Infection among Mothers of Under Five Children in a Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu
Authors: Ghimire Rajina
Published: April 2024

Background: Acute respiratory tract infection is the second leading cause of childhood morbidity and  mortality among under-five years children and its prevalence is still high in Nepal. Awareness among  parents regarding acute respiratory infection is important. The objective of the study was to find out  awareness regarding acute respiratory tract infection among mothers of under-five children in maternal  and child health clinic . 

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out at maternal and child health clinic of  Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital. Total 106 sample were selected by using non-probability  purposive sampling technique. A face- to-face interview using semi- structured questionnaire was used  to collect data. Collected data was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. 

Results: This study found that two third (62.3%) of respondents had an adequate level of awareness  and more than one third (37.7%) had moderately adequate level of awareness of acute respiratory tract  infections. More than two-thirds (75.5%) of respondents answered virus/bacteria as the main cause.  Noisy breathing, difficulty breathing, cough, fever, runny nose, sore throat. ear discharge/ear pain was  signs and symptoms. Almost one third (32.1%) of respondents knew cyanosis is a danger sign. The  significant association was found between age (at p=0.026) and family size (at p=0.002) with level of  awareness on acute respiratory tract infections. 

Conclusion: The study concluded that nearly two-thirds of mothers have an adequate level of awareness  regarding acute respiratory tract infections. This study might be useful to carry out different health  promotion-related activities and intervention by concerned stakeholder.
Status of Pass-out B.Sc. Nursing Graduates from BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences Dharan Nepal
Authors: Mehata Ram Sharan , Shrestha Erina
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Job satisfaction is a critical issue for any institute and administration. The objectives of  the study were to find out the status of pass-out B.Sc. Nursing graduates. 

Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study design was adopted among the pass-out B.Sc. nursing  graduates of BPKIHS from 1996-2015 batches after obtaining ethical clearance from IRC, BPKIHS.  Using convenient sampling technique total 107 subjects were included in the study. Pre-tested  questionnaire was used to collect data by using Google Drive Online Form. The data was analyzed  using SPSS Version-16. Nearly half (45.8%) of the subjects were 31-35 years, married (59.52%), and  completed M.Sc. Nursing degree (33.48%). It was found that most of the subjects were satisfied with  job. There is significant association between age group with professional status (p=0.001), income  (p=0.002), job-satisfaction (p=0.014); similarly, with work place (Nepal and abroad) and professional  status (p=0.001), income (p=0.025), and job- satisfaction (p=0.001) are significantly associated. 

Conclusion: Based on the findings it is concluded that most of the pass-out graduates were satisfied  with their job. Work places of subjects were significantly associated with nursing status, income, service  provided, nursing image and job-satisfaction. 

Keywords: Status, Pass-out, Nursing, Students, Nepal
Infant Feeding Practices among Mothers Attending Kanti Children’s Hospital, Kathmandu
Authors: Bastola Sanjita , Chaudhary Tanuja Kumari , Lawat Isabel
Published: April 2024

Background: Appropriate feeding practices improve health, reduce disease burden and malnutrition.  One-third of cases of malnutrition are caused by inappropriate infant feeding, which is one of the  world’s biggest issues. The objective of this study was to find out the infant feeding practices among  mothers attending Kanti Children Hospital in Kathmandu. 

Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional research design was used to conduct this study. The study  was carried out at Kanti Children’s Hospital, Kathmandu. A non-probability convenience sampling  technique was adopted to select 180 respondents. A semi-structured interview schedule was used to  collect the data. Descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation) were used  to describe the socio-demographic characteristics of mothers and infants. The inferential statistic (chi square test) was used to determine the relationship between infant feeding practice level and selected  variables. 

Results: The study’s findings revealed that most (91.1%) respondents had good infant feeding practices.  More than half (56.9%) of respondents had initiated breastfeeding within one hour of delivery. The most  of infants (95.6%) were given colostrum milk. Very few (2.7%) of respondents had given prelacteal  feeding to their babies. More than half of respondents (58.9%) had done exclusive breastfeeding, and  54.4% began weaning at six months. Most (75.5%) infants were given dal, rice, or jaulo as their  primary food among the complementary foods. Similarly, almost half (42.8%) of babies received their  meals at the recommended intervals. 

Conclusion: Most of the mothers practiced good infant feeding habit. Only few mothers had tried  prelacteal feeding. One-third of the infants were bottle-fed. Nearly half of mothers began complementary  feeding before six months. It is therefore advised to continue raising awareness about good feeding  practices for infants. Emphasis should be given to educating mothers about complementary feeding  practices. 

Keywords: Colostrum, Exclusive Breast Feeding, Infant, Weaning
Exercise in Pregnancy: It’s Effect on Maternal and Fetal Health an Evidence Based Findings
Authors: Darshandhari Kapali Gayatri
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Exercise in pregnancy is one of the important contributors which also has a direct link between healthy mothers and healthy fetus. The purpose of this study is to review the published articles and recommend the information regarding benefit of exercise in pregnancy on maternal and fetal health.

Methods: Systematic search of peer- review publications had been done through Google Scholar, Medline, Pubmed and Scopus. Among the 32 relevant articles on this topic has been selected and reviewed ,analyzed and significant findings have been concluded. Pregnant mothers who do not have obstetric or medical contraindications should be encouraged to exercise during pregnancy. Observational studies of women who exercise during pregnancy have shown benefits such as decreased gestational diabetes mellitus, cesarean birth and operative vaginal delivery. It is related with the course of a healthy pregnancy, since it can increase physical fitness, lower the risk of excessive gestational weight gain, gestational diabetes, pre-eclampsia, macrosomia, and stillbirth. Exercises during pregnancy advances neuro-behavioral relaxation in the fetus.

Conclusion: Regular exercise is are recommended for pregnant women, for overall health benefits of maternal and fetal health. Evidences supported that moderate level exercise during pregnancy is safe for the fetus during intra uterine life.
Impact of COVID-19 among Nurses
Authors: Panta Ganga , Panta Ramesh
Published: April 2024

Background:The corona virus disease (COVID-19) is a highly contagious disease with mild to fatal effects to the people around the world. Unavailability of medicine and uncertainty of disease made the life of nurses more stressful leading to disruption on emotional, social and family health. This article intended to assess the impact of COVID-19 among nurses.

Methods:Total 55 original, review and other articles were searched through electronic database like PubMed, Research Gate and google scholar. Among them, 19 relevant articles were selected then critically analysed, cited and prepared a reference list by using Zotero software. After thoroughly reviewing those articles different impacts among nurses around the world related to COVID-19, were analyzed and organized in this article.

Results: Nurses experienced tremendous fear and anxiety for the safety of themselves and their family members. Likewise, stigma related to COVID-19 affects the emotional and family health of the nurses. Thus, nurses should be adequately prepared to battle such pandemic situations and they should be supported emotionally and socially including organization enrichment. Adequate resources are indispensable for the better adjustment with such pandemic situations like COVID-19.

Conclusion: Organization support with adequate resources including community awareness against social stigma is indispensable to support the nurses during such pandemic situation.
Virtopsy - Revolutionizing Forensic Pathology through Virtual Autopsies
Authors: B Anitha , V Deepa Lakshmi , Carolyn Leo
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Virtopsy, a non-invasive and technologically advanced approach to post-mortem examinations, combines high-resolution imaging techniques such as computed tomography (CT) scans, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction. This innovative method offers numerous advantages over traditional autopsies, including the preservation of the body's integrity, the ability to conduct remote examinations, and the provision of valuable insights into the cause of death and potential forensic evidences. By leveraging advanced imaging technologies, virtopsy revolutionizes the field of forensic medicine by providing comprehensive and detailed examinations of deceased individuals, contributing to more accuratelydetermine the cause of death and facilitating collaborations among experts in different locations
The Parallel between Boiling Point Elevation and Limit of Superheat for Polymer Solutions
Authors: H Jennings John
Published: April 2024

The derivation for boiling point elevation (BPE) for polymer solutions goes back to mathematics of the Clausius-Clapeyron equation combined with Raoult's Law or the Gibbs-Helmholtz equation combined with Raoult's Law. BPE can be used to measure polymer molecular weight and is effective when the concentration of polymer approaches zero. The limit of superheat for polymer solutions formula (LSPS) was derived by (Jennings, 2012) [1], a complicated derivation involving the surface tension in particular. (Jennings and Middleman, 1985) [2] Published data that agrees with Jennings' formula. BPE and LSPS have various uses that will be discussed as will the parallel between the two equations.
Design and Simulation of 256 bit 64-point FFT Using RADIX 4 Algorithm
Authors: Praveen Kumar K
Published: April 2024

A Parallel and pipelined Fast Fourier transform(FFT) processor for use in the orthogonal frequency division multiplexer .it is important to develop a high performance FFT processor to meet the requirements of the real time and low cost in many different systems. Un like being stored in the traditional ROM, the twiddle factors in our pipelined FFT processor can be accessed directly. here we simulated and synthesized the 256 bit 64 point FFT with radix 4 using VHDL coding and simulation and synthesis done by Modelsim ISE and Xilinx ISE design suite respectively.
On-Chip Bus Designing with the Interface of Open Core Protocol
Authors: V J Raj Kumar Pathivada
Published: April 2024

As more and more IP cores are integrated into an SOC design, the communication flow between IP cores has increased drastically and the efficiency of the on-chip bus has become a dominant factor for the performance of a system. The on-chip bus design can be divided into two parts, namely the interface and the internal architecture of the bus. In this work we adopt the well-defined interface standard, the Open Core Protocol (OCP), and focus on the design of the internal bus architecture. We develop an efficient bus architecture to support most advanced bus functionalities defined in OCP, including burst transactions, lock transactions, pipelined transactions, and out of-order transactions. We first model and design the on-chip bus with transaction level modeling for the consideration of design flexibility and fast simulation speed. We then implement the RTL models of the bus for synthesis and gate-level simulation. Experimental results show that the proposed TLM model is quite efficient for the whole system simulation and the real implementation can significantly save the communication time.
Life history and larval performance of the Common Leopard butterfly, Phalanta phalantha Drury(Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera: Nymphalidae)
Authors: Bhupathi Rayalu M
Published: April 2024

The life history of the Common leopard butterfly, Phalanta phalantha and larval performance in terms of food consumption and utilization, and the length of life cycle on its host plant Flacourtia indicaare described for the first time. The study was conducted during 2009 at Visakhapatnam (17o 42' N and 8218' E), South India. Phalanta phalantha completes its life cycle in 19 – 21 (20.20  0.84) days (Egg: 3; Larva: 10-12; Pupa: 6 days). The values of nutritional indices across the instars were AD (Approximate Digestibility) 66.49 – 96.29%; ECD (Efficiency of Conversion of Digested food) 1.95 – 30.12%; ECI (Efficiency of Conversion of Ingested food) 1.88 – 20.03%, measured at the temperature of 28 ± 20 C and RH of 80 ± 10% in the laboratory. These relatively high values of ECD and ECI explain at least partially the ecological success of Phalanta phalantha in the urban environment of Visakhapatnam.
Development of Veneer – Bamboo Mat Flexi Ply
Authors: Sujatha D
Published: April 2024

Flexi Ply or Flexible plywood is one of the latest panel product based on wood and is hailed as architect’s dream product and the interest in this product is growing day by day. Assembly of veneers in flexi ply is quite opposite to that in plywood. While the face veneers grain run across the length of the board, the thin inner layer (veneer grain) runs along the length of the board. However, flexi ply tends to break when bent too much, due to rupture of the thin inner layer. In order to overcome this problem, IPIRTI has developed a technology for flexi ply with the inner layer of veneer being replaced by bamboo mat. This reduces the possibility of breakage when rolled. Plywood of 3 mm and higher thickness have the tendency to break when rolled i.e., due to the non flexibility of the product. The flexi ply developed in combination with bamboo mat has flexibility up to 8mm thickness panels. The flexi ply so developed has great potential for applications in cabins of curved shapes, arch panels, furniture and joinery manufacturers.
THE IMPACT OF MACHINE LEARNING ON PRESCRIPTIVE ANALYTICS FOR OPTIMIZED BUSINESS DECISION-MAKING
Authors:   Management Information Systems, College of Business, Beaumont, Texas, USA
Published: April 2024

This study investigates into the integration of Machine Learning (ML) with Prescriptive Analytics, showcasing the enhancement of decision-making processes in business through this combination. By analyzing contemporary methodologies and practical applications, it delves into how ML algorithms significantly improve the precision, efficiency, and forecasting capabilities of prescriptive analytics. Highlighting case studies across a variety of sectors, the research underscores the competitive edge businesses can gain by adopting these sophisticated analytical tools. Moreover, it addresses the array of technical and organizational hurdles that arise with the implementation of ML-enhanced prescriptive analytics, such as challenges in data handling, system integration, and the demand for specialized skills. Leveraging the latest advancements and insights from experts, the paper offers a compilation of best practices and strategic methodologies to effectively overcome these obstacles. Conclusively, it emphasizes the critical role of continuous innovation in ML and prescriptive analytics, encouraging firms to adopt these cutting-edge technologies to maintain a competitive stance in the fast-evolving, data-centric business landscape.