bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intraocular lens power calculations in eyes with pseudoexfoliation syndrome
Authors: Wlaź Aleksandra , Kustra Agnieszka , Rozegnał-Madej Agnieszka , Żarnowski Tomasz
Published: September 2021

To compare refractive outcomes after cataract surgery in pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PEX) and control eyes and to investigate the accuracy of 3 intraocular lens (IOL) calculation formulas in these eyes. In this prospective comparative study 42 eyes (PEX group) and 38 eyes (control group) of 80 patients were included. The follow-up was 3 months. The refractive prediction error (RPE), mean absolute error (MAE), median absolute error (MedAE) and the percentages of eyes within ± 0.25 D, ± 0.5 D, ± 1.0 D and ± 2.0 D of prediction error were calculated. Three IOL calculation formulas (SRK/T, Barrett Universal II and Hill-RBF) were evaluated. PEX produced statistically significantly higher mean absolute errors and lower percentages of eyes within ± 0.5 D than control eyes in all investigated IOL calculation formulas. There were no statistically significant differences in the median absolute errors between the 3 formulas in either PEX or control eyes. Refractive outcomes after cataract surgery are statistically significantly worse in PEX than in control eyes. All three IOL calculation formulas produced similar results in both PEX and control eyes.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov registration number NCT04783909.
Tectonostratigraphy of the Jurassic accretionary prisms in the Sikhote-Alin region of Russian Far East
Authors: Golozubov Vladimir V. , Simanenko Ludmila F.
Published: September 2021

We propose a scheme to subdivide the Samarka terrane, a Jurassic accretionary prism fragment, into tectonostratigraphic complexes. This subdivision provides a basis to study these formations and map them on a medium- to large-scale. Each complex corresponds to a certain stage in the accretionary prism formation. Thus, the complexes composed of subduction mélange and olistostromes (in our case, Ust-Zhuravlevka and Sebuchar complexes), can be correlated to episodes when the underthrusting of seamounts hampered subduction, as evidenced by seamount fragments contained in the complexes. Episodes of relatively quiet subduction have also been identified, resulting in complexes composed mainly of normally bedded terrigenous and biogenic formations (Tudovaka and Udeka and, partially, Ariadnoe complexes). Particularly considered is the Okrainka-Sergeevka allochthonous complex – a fragment of continental plate overhanging a subduction zone. It was included in the accretionary prism during gravitational sliding on the internal slope of the paleotrench. All volcanic rocks in the accretionary prism are allochthonous fragments of the accreted oceanic crust. The absence of the Jurassic-Berriasian volcanic belt related to this prism, as well as synchronous autochthonous volcanism, indicates that the Samarka terrane accretionary prism formed under conditions of flat-slab subduction, similar to modern examples along the Andean margin.
Effect of single tube sections on the structural safety of Chinese solar greenhouse skeletons
Authors: Liu Xingan , Li Zhenkun , Zhang Lei , Liu Yu , Li Yiming , Li Tianlai
Published: September 2021

In recent years, the use of single-tube skeletons for the construction of Chinese solar greenhouses has increased. As a consequence, during the selection of the construction materials, the safety of these structures has become an important issue. The single tube section has various forms, but there is no scientific theory to guide the selection process. To the best of our knowledge, the scientific analysis of the impact of single pipe cross section on the safety of greenhouse skeleton has not been addressed so far. In this context, the finite element analysis software was used to calculate and analyze the stress elements, displacement of round tube, Ω tube, elliptic tube and square tube under the same load conditions. We used the Chinese Standard values as a reference and analyzed structural features of different sizes and thicknesses of the greenhouse steel skeleton sections under non-uniform snow load. The results showed that, under the same load condition, the maximum stress in the four skeleton materials was all located at the connection of the transverse tension bar and the front roof. In addition, under same load condition, the greenhouse skeleton with elliptic tube presented the smallest cross-sectional displacement between the different materials tested. The effect of increasing the size of the greenhouse frame was better than that of increasing the greenhouse material thickness. All this work will provide theoretical guidance to the material selection of this structure.
Ultrafast and stable planar photodetector based on SnS2 nanosheets/perovskite structure
Authors: Shooshtari Leyla , Esfandiar Ali , Orooji Yasin , Samadpour Mahmoud , Rahighi Reza
Published: September 2021

Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides are promising candidates of photodetectors where they are commonly grown parallel to the substrate due to their 2D characteristics in micrometer scales from exfoliation of bulk crystals or through high temperature chemical vapor deposition (CVD) methods. In this study, semi-hexagonal vertical nanosheets of SnS2 layered have been fabricated on FTO substrate without using Sn source through CVD method at relatively low temperature (500 °C). Due to exceptional band alignment of triple cation lead perovskite (TCLP) with semi-hexagonal SnS2 nanosheets, an improved photodetector has been fabricated. This type of photodetectors fabricated through lithography-free and electrodes metallization free approach with remarkable fast response (20.7 µs/31.4 µs as rising /falling times), showed high photoresponsivity, external quantum efficiency and detectivity of 1.84 AW−1, 513% and 1.69 × 1011, respectively under illumination of incident light with wavelength of 445 nm. The stability of the photodetectors has been studied utilizing a protective PMMA layer on the perovskite layer in 100% humidity. The introduced growth and fabrication process of the planar photodetector, including one/two dimensional interface through the edges/basal planes of layered materials with perovskite film, paves a way for the large scale, cost-effective and high-performance optoelectronic devices.
Retinal vessels modifications in acute and post-COVID-19
Authors: Invernizzi Alessandro , Schiuma Marco , Parrulli Salvatore , Torre Alessandro , Zicarelli Federico , Colombo Valeria , Marini Sara , Villella Elena , Bertoni Alice , Antinori Spinello , Rizzardini Giuliano , Galli Massimo , Meroni Luca , Giacomelli Andrea , Staurenghi Giovanni
Published: September 2021

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 primarily affecting the respiratory system which can damage vessels walls virtually in any body district. Changes affecting retinal vessels are a good marker for systemic vascular alterations. This study investigated retinal vessels during the acute phase of COVID-19 and after patients recovery. Fifty-nine eyes from 32 COVID-19 patients and 80 eyes from 53 unexposed subjects were included. Mean arteries diameter (MAD) and mean veins diameter (MVD) were assessed through semi-automatic analysis on fundus color photos at baseline and 6 months later in patients and subjects unexposed to the virus. At baseline MAD and MVD were significantly higher in COVID-19 patients compared to unexposed subjects (p < 0.0001). Both MAD and MVD significantly decreased in COVID-19 patients at follow-up (from 97.5 ± 10.9 to 92.2 ± 11.4 µm, p < 0.0001 and from 133.1 ± 19.3 to 124.6 ± 16.1 µm, p < 0.0001, respectively). Despite this reduction vessels diameter remained significantly higher in severe COVID-19 patients compared to unexposed subjects. Transient retinal vessels dilation could serve a biomarker for systemic inflammation while long-lasting alterations seen in severe COVID-19 likely reflect irreversible structural damage to the vessels walls and should be further investigated for their possible effects on tissues perfusion and function.
Infant’s Behaviour Checklist for low birth weight infants and later neurodevelopmental outcome
Authors: Kihara Hideki , Nakano Hisako , Nakamura Tomohiko , Gima Hirotaka
Published: September 2021

Assessment of the characteristics of spontaneous movements and behaviour in early infancy helps in estimating developmental outcomes. We introduced the Infant Behaviour Checklist (IBC) and examined the relationship between the behavioural characteristics of low-birth-weight infants and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 6 years of age. The behavioural characteristics during the neonatal (36–43 weeks, adjusted) and early infancy periods (49–60 weeks, adjusted) were assessed in very-low-birth-weight infants. The IBC includes 44 common behaviours. We assessed the appearance of individual behavioural characteristics at each period according to the neurodevelopmental outcome. Of the 143 infants assessed during the neonatal period, 89 had typical development (TD), 30 had intellectual disability (ID), and 24 had autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In 78 infants assessed during early infancy, 40, 21, and 17 had TD, ID, and ASD, respectively. The frequency of appearance of three behaviour-related items was significantly lower in the ID group than in the TD group. The frequency of appearance of three posture- and behaviour-related items was significantly lower, while that of two posture-related items was significantly higher, in the ASD group than in the TD group. Behavioural assessment using the IBC may provide promising clues when considering early intervention for low-birth-weight infants.
Ligation-dependent rolling circle amplification method for ATP determination with high selectivity and sensitivity
Authors: Chen Mingjian , Li Yang , Li Peng , Guo Wanni , Yang Yuxin , Wu Xu , Ye Yu , Huang Jiahao
Published: September 2021

An effective ATP fluorescent sensing method was developed via the coupled using of rolling circle amplification and DNAzymes, which exhibited merits including high sensitivity and specificity, simplicity in design, and potential universality.
Inline electrochemical reduction of NISTmAb for middle-up subunit liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis
Authors: Morgan Tomos E. , Jakes Craig , Brouwer Hendrik-Jan , Millán-Martín Silvia , Chervet Jean-Pierre , Cook Ken , Carillo Sara , Bones Jonathan
Published: September 2021

Complete inline reduction of NISTmAb disulfide bonds using an electrochemical cell coupled to LC-MS analysis, reduction is carried out without the use of traditional reducing agents or enzymes.
Synthesis of carbon dots with antiphage activity using caffeic acid
Authors: Zhang Chunting , Qin Kunhao , Zheng Xiaodan , Luo Qian , Zhang Qi , Ji Xiuling , Wei Yunlin
Published: September 2021

(a)–(c) TEM image and corresponding nanoparticle size distribution of CA-CDs, (d) UV-vis, excitation, and emission spectra of CA-CDs, (e) XRD pattern of CA-CDs and (f) FT-IR spectrum of CA-CDs.
Brush-like polymers: design, synthesis and applications
Authors: Yin Liying , Liu Lin , Zhang Ning
Published: September 2021

Polymer brushes have emerged as one of the most important means of surface modification. We summarise efficient methods for the fabrication of polymer brushes. In addition, we highlight the topology and potential applications of polymer brushes.
Perovskite photodetectors and their application in artificial photonic synapses
Authors: Huang Xin , Guo Yunlong , Liu Yunqi
Published: September 2021

Hybrid perovskite photonic synapses can be modulated with photoelectric signals, and have great potential for the development of artificial intelligence.
Synthesis, X-ray characterization and theoretical study of all-cis 1,4:2,3:5,8:6,7-tetraepoxynaphthalenes: on the importance of the through-space α-effect
Authors: Le Anh T. , Tran Van T. T. , Le Duan T. , Gomila Rosa M. , Frontera Antonio , Zubkov Fedor I.
Published: September 2021

This manuscript reports the synthesis, X-ray characterization and theoretical study of all-cis 1,4:2,3:5,8:6,7-tetraepoxynaphthalenes focusing on the importance of α-effect hydrogen bonds.
Ferrocenyl thiazolidine-2-thione ornamented 1D coordination polymers derived from coinage metal halides and pseudohalides
Authors: Singh Ayushi , Trivedi Manoj , Kociok-Köhn Gabriele , Singh Ashish Kumar , Muddassir Mohd. , Kumar Abhinav
Published: September 2021

Three new ferrocene-functionalized thiazolidine-2-thione coinage metal coordination polymers with halides and pseudo-halides were synthesized and the nature of their weak interactions was assessed.
Optical properties of fully inorganic core/gradient-shell CdSe/CdZnS nanocrystals at the ensemble and single-nanocrystal levels
Authors: Baronnier Justine , Mahler Benoit , Boisron Olivier , Dujardin Christophe , Kulzer Florian , Houel Julien
Published: September 2021

Halide-capped CdSe/CdZnS quantum dots were synthesized from oleic-acid-capped precursors under conservation of their favorable emission properties, as documented by spectroscopy and time-resolved measurements on ensembles and single nanocrystals.
Theoretical investigation of the SN2 mechanism of X− [X = SH, PH2] + CH3Y [Y = F, Cl, Br, I] reactions in water
Authors: Li Chen , Xin Xin , Wang Dunyou
Published: September 2021

The SN2 reaction profiles for X− (X = SH, PH2) + CH3Y (Y = F, Cl, Br, I) in water.
Flux and separation of magneto-active superballs in applied fields
Authors: Kaiser Martin , Kantorovich Sofia S.
Published: September 2021

A suspension of active-magnetic cubes with different magnetisation orientation, do, separate in an applied magnetic field.
Half-raspberry-like bimetallic nanoassembly: Interstitial dependent correlated surface plasmon resonances and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Hossain Mohammad Kamal , Kitahama Yasutaka , Ozaki Yukihiro
Published: September 2021

SEM micrographs of PGNA and MGNA (left column) along with correlated SPR and SERS characteristics of the same (right column).
α-Aminoboronates: recent advances in their preparation and synthetic applications
Authors: Ming Wenbo , Soor Harjeet S. , Liu Xiaocui , Trofimova Alina , Yudin Andrei K. , Marder Todd B.
Published: September 2021

This review summarizes new methodology for the synthesis of α-aminoboronates, including asymmetric synthetic methods and mechanistic explanations of reactivity. Applications of α-aminoboronates as versatile synthetic building blocks are also discussed.
Hetero-tri-spin systems: an alternative stairway to the single molecule magnet heaven?
Authors: Briganti Matteo , Totti Federico , Andruh Marius
Published: September 2021

Three different spin carriers inside the same molecular system is a promising strategy towards multi-functional magnetic materials. The possible spin topologies have been reviewed and analysed to identify the most promising one.
Assessment and progress of polyanionic cathodes in aqueous sodium batteries
Authors: Zhang Huang , Tan Xiaoping , Li Huihua , Passerini Stefano , Huang Wei
Published: September 2021

An assessment of the latest ground-breaking advances of polyanionic materials as cathodes for aqueous sodium-ion batteries is given. Future research directions and challenges on material development are provided.
Electrochemically probing exciton transport in monolayers of two-dimensional semiconductors
Authors: Tolbert Chloe L. , Hill Caleb M.
Published: September 2021

Here, we apply carrier generation-tip collection scanning electrochemical cell microscopy to visualize carrier transport in WSe2 structures approaching the monolayer limit, ultimately revealing surprisingly long exciton transport distances.
Ultrasound-assisted extraction of metals from Lithium-ion batteries using natural organic acids
Authors: Xiao Xiong , Hoogendoorn Billy W. , Ma Yiqian , Ashoka Sahadevan Suchithra , Gardner James M. , Forsberg Kerstin , Olsson Richard T.
Published: September 2021

Ultrasound-assisted extraction of metal ions from Lithium batteries with weak organic acids is reported. Leaching reached ≥98% Li and Co recovery due to improved residue layer diffusion and mass transfer, illustrated by the shrinking core model.
Correction: A single-step purification method for the precise determination of the antimony isotopic composition of environmental, geological and biological samples by HG-MC-ICP-MS
Authors: Ferrari Colin , Resongles Eléonore , Freydier Rémi , Casiot Corinne
Published: September 2021

Correction for ‘A single-step purification method for the precise determination of the antimony isotopic composition of environmental, geological and biological samples by HG-MC-ICP-MS’ by Colin Ferrari et al., J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 2021, 36, 776–785, DOI: "https://doi.org/10.1039/D0JA00452A">10.1039/D0JA00452A.
Morphological and mechanical characterization of high-strength sulfur composites prepared with variably-sized lignocellulose particles
Authors: Lauer Moira K. , Sanders Zoe E. , Smith Ashlyn D. , Smith Rhett C.
Published: September 2021

The extent to which lignocellulose biomass particle size influences the properties of biomass–sulfur composites prepared from these particles was evaluated.
One-pot preparation of multicomponent photocatalyst with (Zn, Co, Ni)(O, S)/Ga2O3 nanocomposites to significantly enhance hydrogen production
Authors: Abdullah Hairus , Ginting Riski Titian , Sembiring Anita Christine , Gultom Noto Susanto , Shuwanto Hardy , Kuo Dong-Hau
Published: September 2021

To enhance the production of hydrogen, multicomponent photocatalyst (Zn, Co, Ni)(O, S)/Ga2O3 nanocomposites were synthesized and optimized with different amounts of Ga precursor in a relatively low-temperature process.
Correction: In vivo wound healing efficiency of curcumin-incorporated pectin-chitosan biodegradable films
Authors: Muthulakshmi V. , Rajarajeswari G. R.
Published: September 2021

Correction for ‘In vivo wound healing efficiency of curcumin-incorporated pectin-chitosan biodegradable films’ by V. Muthulakshmi et al., New J. Chem., 2021, DOI: 10.1039/d1nj03477d.
Coalescence and shape oscillation of Au nanoparticles in CO2hydrogenation to methanol
Authors: Yue Shengnan , Shen Yongli , Deng Ziliang , Yuan Wenjuan , Xi Wei
Published: September 2021

During CO2hydrogenation, Au NPs sized ≤5 nm coalesced rapidly, and the coalesced Au NPs oscillated in shape.
Defect-rich CeO2 in a hollow carbon matrix engineered from a microporous organic platform: a hydroxide-assisted high performance pseudocapacitive material
Authors: Jeong Hyeon Seok , Kang Chang Wan , Myung Yoon , Lee Sang Moon , Kim Hae Jin , Son Seung Uk
Published: September 2021

Defective CeO2 nanoparticles in a hollow carbon matrix were engineered based on microporous organic polymer chemistry, showing excellent pseudocapacitive energy storage performance.
Flexible triboelectric nanogenerator based on polyester conductive cloth for biomechanical energy harvesting and self-powered sensors
Authors: Zhao Junwei , Wang Yujiang , Song Xiaojiang , Zhou Anqi , Ma Yunfei , Wang Xin
Published: September 2021

A flexible single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerator with polyester conductive cloth as working electrode and silicone rubber as triboelectric layer has been developed for harvesting biomechanical energy and self-powered sensor.
Droplet-based nanogenerators for energy harvesting and self-powered sensing
Authors: Dong Jianing , Fan Feng Ru , Tian Zhong-Qun
Published: September 2021

An overview of the development of droplet-based nanogenerators: from droplet properties towards energy harvesting and self-powered sensors.
The catalytic effects of a thiazolium salt in the oxa-Diels–Alder reaction between benzaldehyde and Danishefsky's diene: a molecular electron density theory study
Authors: Ríos-Gutiérrez Mar , Pérez Patricia , Domingo Luis R. , Soto-Delgado Jorge
Published: September 2021

The oxa-Diels–Alder reaction in the presence of a [thiazolium] salt (a liquid ionic type), has been studied using Molecular Electron Density Theory. The acceleration found in the reaction comes from an increase of the global electron density transfer from HB formation.
Propargylamine: an attractive amine source for designing high-performance benzoxazine resins with low polymerization temperatures
Authors: Liu Yu , Sheng Weichen , Yin Ren , Zhang Kan
Published: September 2021

A series of benzoxazine resins using propargylamine as the amine source were synthesized to achieve highly thermally stable thermosets with low polymerization temperatures.
Visible light-promoted aerobic oxidative cleavage and cyclization of olefins to access 3-hydroxy-isoindolinones
Authors: Ma Tao , Hua Jiawei , Bian Mixue , Qin Hong , Lin Xinxin , Yang Xiaobing , Liu Chengkou , Yang Zhao , Fang Zheng , Guo Kai
Published: September 2021

An environmentally friendly synthetic approach is described from 2-vinylbenzamide to 3-hydroxy-isoindolinones through visible light-promoted transformations via iron/disulfide catalysis and molecular oxygen oxidation.
Filtering and continuously separating microplastics from water using electric field gradients formed electrochemically in the absence of buffer
Authors: Thompson Jonathan R. , Wilder Logan M. , Crooks Richard M.
Published: September 2021

Water electrolysis at a bipolar electrode in the absence of buffer forms electric field gradients in a fundamentally new way. These electric field gradients are useful for continuously separating microplastics from water.
High fluorescence efficiency of intrinsic ligand-free zero-dimensional Cs4PbBr6 particles and microcrystals
Authors: Xu Wei-Long , White Jonathan M. , Ghiggino Kenneth P. , Smith Trevor A.
Published: September 2021

Surface traps are the main defects in the Cs4PbBr6 particles with smaller size, whereas bulk defects dominate in the larger microcrystals.
Die hard in Lake Bourget! The case of Planktothrix rubescens reborn
Authors: Moiron Marthe , Rimet Frédéric , Girel Cyrille , Jacquet Stéphan
Published: September 2021

Blooms of Planktothrix rubescens have been recorded for 15 years in Lake Bourget (France), from 1995 to 2009. Then, the presence of this filamentous and toxic cyanobacterium became anecdotic between 2010 and 2015 and it was thought that its proliferation was over. However, blooms occurred again in 2016 and 2017 despite apparent low phosphorus concentrations in surface waters of the lake. We have attempted to explain the reasons for this come back in order to develop scenarios helpful to stakeholders who are concerned such proliferations may occur in the future. We show that phosphorus input, both from the main tributaries to the lake and possibly from the sediments, were likely the triggers of the new development of the cyanobacterium provided a minimum autumn/winter inoculum of P. rubescens was detected the year before. The subsequent bloom was observed deeper than previous years and associated with a conjunction of factors known to favour the development of this species (i.e., mild winter temperature, water column stability, available light at depth, surface water transparency, low predation, etc.). Although many factors and processes could account for the occurrence and bloom of the cyanobacterium, a plausible scenario is proposed. One thing remains unclear: where does this cyanobacterium “hide” when it is not observed during the routine monitoring surveys and from which place it could initiate its development (nearshore, the pelagic zone, or from the sediment?).
Systematic review and meta-analysis on effectiveness and safety of the full-thickness resection device (FTRD) in the colon
Authors: Wannhoff Andreas , Meier Benjamin , Caca Karel
Published: September 2021

Background Endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR) has expanded the possibilities of endoscopic resection. The full-thickness resection device (FTRD, Ovesco Endoscopy, Tübingen, Germany) combines a clip-based defect closure and snare resection in a single device.

Methods Systematic review and meta-analysis on effectiveness and safety of the FTRD in the colon.

Results A total of 26 studies (12 published as full-text articles and 14 conference papers) with 1538 FTRD procedures were included. The pooled estimate for reaching the target lesion was 96.1 % (95 % confidence interval [95 % CI]: 94.6–97.1) and 90.0 % (95 % CI: 87.0–92.3) for technically successful resection. Pooled estimate of histologically complete resection was 77.8 % (95 % CI: 74.7–80.6). Adverse events occurred at a pooled estimate rate of 8.0 % (95 % CI: 5.8–10.4). Pooled estimates for bleeding and perforation were 1.5 % (95 % CI: 0.3–3.3) and 0.3 % (95 % CI: 0.0–0.9), respectively. The rate for need of emergency surgery after FTRD was 1.0 % (95 % CI: 0.4–1.8).

Conclusion The use of the FTRD in the colon shows very high rates of technical success and complete resection (R0) as well as a low risk of adverse events. Emergency surgery after colonic FTRD resection is necessary in single cases only.
Die Vermessung der Klinik
Authors: Feist Eugen
Published: September 2021

Vielen von uns mag es ähnlich ergehen, wenn wir abends die Klinik verlassen
oder unsere Praxistür nach einem langen anspruchsvollen Arbeitstag
abschließen. Wir machen uns auf den Heimweg und resümieren dabei
gelegentlich: „Was war das doch für ein verrückter
Tag?!“ oder „Was habe ich heute eigentlich alles
weggearbeitet?!“.
Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes – Inpatient Versus Outpatient Management: an Evidence-Based Review
Authors: Rath Werner , Maul Holger , Kyvernitakis Ioannis , Stelzl Patrick
Published: September 2021

According to current guidelines, inpatient management until birth is considered standard in pregnant women with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM). With the increasing burden on
obstetric departments and the growing importance of satisfaction and right to self-determination in pregnant women, outpatient management in PPROM is a possible alternative to inpatient
monitoring. The most important criterion for this approach is to ensure the safety of both the mother and the child. Due to the small number of cases (n = 116), two randomised controlled
trials (RCTs) comparing inpatient and outpatient management were unable to draw any conclusions. By 2020, eight retrospective comparative studies (cohort/observational studies) yielded the
following outcomes: no significant differences in the rate of maternal complications (e.g., chorioamnionitis, premature placental abruption, umbilical cord prolapse) and in neonatal
morbidity, significantly prolonged latency period with higher gestational age at birth, higher birth weight of neonates, and significantly shorter length of stay of preterm infants in
neonatal intensive care, shorter hospital stay of pregnant women, and lower treatment costs with outpatient management. Concerns regarding this approach are mainly related to unpredictable
complications with the need for rapid obstetric interventions, which cannot be performed in time in an outpatient setting. Prerequisites for outpatient management are the compliance of the
expectant mother, the adherence to strict selection criteria and the assurance of adequate monitoring at home. Future research should aim at more accurate risk assessment of obstetric
complications through studies with higher case numbers and standardisation of outpatient management under evidence-based criteria.
Die Auswirkung des Lockdowns während der COVID-19-Pandemie auf die Versorgung von elektiven Patienten (C-elective-Studie)
Authors: Willms Arnulf , Lock Johan Friso , Simbeck Alexandra , Thasler Wolfgang , Rost Wilm , Hauer Thorsten , Schaaf Sebastian , Germer Christoph Thomas , Schwab Robert , Oldhafer Karl Jürgen
Published: September 2021

Hintergrund Seit März 2020 wurden im Zuge der COVID-19-Pandemie verschiedene wiederkehrende Einschränkungen des elektiven operativen Regelbetriebs in den chirurgischen Kliniken vorgenommen. Die Auswirkung von OP-Absagen und Verschiebungen auf die Krankheitsverläufe sowie die Patientensicht der Maßnahmen sind unklar.

Patienten und Methode In der Phase des ersten Lockdowns (16.03.–24.04.2020) wurden alle Elektivpatienten aus den allgemeinchirurgischen Abteilungen von 6 Krankenhäusern eingeschlossen und anhand eines standardisierten Protokolls befragt.

Ergebnisse 225 Patienten nahmen teil. Bei 88 (39,1%) Patienten kam es zu einer Beschwerdeänderung, mehrheitlich in Form einer Zunahme der Symptome (82,6%). Überdurchschnittlich häufig waren dies Hernienpatienten (44,4%). In 4% der Fälle kam es zu einer operationspflichtigen Komplikation im Zeitintervall zwischen ursprünglichem Operationstermin und Befragung (40,7 ± 14,3 Tage). Für über ein Drittel der Patienten war die Verschiebung des OP-Termins mit erheblichem organisatorischem Aufwand verbunden. Die Mehrheit der Patienten (76,3%) hatte Verständnis für das Verschieben der Operation, obwohl immerhin 40,4% die Operation als sehr dringlich empfanden.

Diskussion und Schlussfolgerung Auch wenn die Gesamtkomplikationsrate gering und die Akzeptanz der Patienten hoch war, zeigten insbesondere Hernienpatienten einen Anstieg der Beschwerden und nicht wenige Inkarzerationen in einem kurzen Zeitintervall. Die engmaschige klinische oder auch telemedizinische Kontrolle scheint bei symptomatischen Patienten geboten, um in Zeiten begrenzter operativer Kapazität prioritäten- und risikoorientiert Eingriffe planen zu können.
SARS-CoV-2-Infektionen und klinische Konsequenzen bei
organtransplantierten Patienten im Rahmen der ersten Ansteckungswelle in
Deutschland - eine monozentrische Umfrage und ein Fallbericht
Authors: Brake Linda , Löffler Markus W. , Gründl Magdalena , Grishina Anna , Haeberle Helene , Berg Christoph , Guthoff Martina , Königsrainer Alfred , Nadalin Silvio , Quante Markus
Published: September 2021

Hintergrund Die SARS-CoV-2-Pandemie hat zu einer globalen Gesundheitskrise
mit hohen Mortalitätsraten insbesondere bei Betroffenen in Hochrisikogruppen
geführt. Eine stetig wachsende Zahl klinischer Fallberichte zeigt die Folgen von
COVID-19 bei Patienten nach solider Organtransplantation (SOT) und deutet auf
schwerwiegende klinische Auswirkungen und eine insgesamt hohe Sterblichkeit in
dieser Patientengruppe hin. Systematische Daten zu SARS-CoV-2-Infektionen bei
SOT-Empfängern in Deutschland fehlten zunächst jedoch weitgehend.

Patienten und Methoden Wir führten deshalb eine Umfrage zum
SARS-CoV-2-Infektionsstatus unter insgesamt 387 Patienten nach SOT durch, die in
den letzten 5 Jahren an unserem Zentrum transplantiert wurden. Die Umfrage wurde
2 Monate nach dem ersten SARS-CoV-2-Ausbruch in unserer relativ stark
betroffenen Region und den damit verbundenen staatlich verordneten
Einschränkungen durchgeführt.

Ergebnisse In unserer SOT-Kohorte wurde eine Rate von 0,4%
SARS-CoV-2-positiven Patienten ermittelt, was gut mit den lokalen
Infektionsraten in der Allgemeinbevölkerung zum damaligen Zeitpunkt
übereinstimmt. Allerdings führte die einzige uns in diesem Kollektiv bekannt
gewordene SARS-CoV-2-Infektion zu schwerer Morbidität mit verlängerter
mechanischer Beatmung, einem Krankenhausaufenthalt > 60 Tage und resultierte
letztlich im irreversiblen Verlust der Transplantatfunktion.

Schlussfolgerung Unsere Daten zeigen, dass SOT-Empfänger im Vergleich zur
Allgemeinbevölkerung zwar ein vergleichbares Risiko für eine
SARS-CoV-2-Infektion haben, diese jedoch mit der Gefahr von schwerwiegenderen
Verläufen assoziiert zu sein scheint.
The Impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) on Retinal Microcirculation in Human Subjects
Authors: Aydemir Emre , Aydemir Gozde Aksoy , Atesoglu Halil Ibrahim , Goker Yasin Sakir , Ozcelik Kazim Caglar , Kiziltoprak Hasan
Published: September 2021

Background The aim of the study was to assess retinal microcirculation in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) through the use of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) and compare the results with those obtained in healthy controls.

Methods The study enrolled 39 patients who had fully recovered from COVID-19 and 40 healthy controls. OCT-A image acquisitions were obtained using AngioVue software (version 2017.1.0.151) and the RTVue XR Avanti imaging system (Optovue Inc., Fremont, CA, USA). Nonflow area in the superficial capillary plexus (SCP), foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area in the whole retinal vasculature, FAZ perimeter, acircularity index of FAZ, and foveal density were automatically obtained with the FAZ assessment tool. Vessel density (VD) at the SCP and deep capillary plexus were also measured.

Results Compared to the control group, the nonflow area and the FAZ area in the whole retina was greater in the COVID-19 group; however no statistically significant difference was observed (p > 0.05 respectively). As for vessel densities, all superficial parafoveal VD parameters were considerably higher in the COVID-19 group compared to the control group (p < 0.05 respectively). Despite the fact that the vessel densities in the remaining zones were lower in the COVID-19 group, those differences were not statistically significant (p > 0.05 respectively).

Conclusion VD at the parafoveal area of the SCP was significantly higher among patients in the late post-recovery period of COVID-19 disease compared to healthy controls. These findings show the impact of COVID-19 on the retinal microvasculature and its possible role as a risk factor for the development of ocular diseases.
Hat die COVID-19-Pandemie das Notfallgeschehen in deutschen Kliniken verändert? Eine bundesweite Analyse von Routinedaten aus 73 Akutkrankenhäusern
Authors: Koch Franziska , Hohenstein Sven , Bollmann Andreas , Meier-Hellmann Andreas , Kuhlen Ralf , Ritz Jörg-Peter
Published: September 2021

COVID-19 hat zu umfassenden Veränderungen der Welt, wie wir sie bisher kannten, geführt.
Durch den starken Anstieg intensivpflichtiger COVID-Patienten wurden beispielsweise elektive
Aufnahmen und Eingriffe verschoben. Aber auch Notfälle wie Myokardinfarkte gingen zurück. Die
hier vorliegende Studie hat sich mit den Auswirkungen der COVID-Pandemie auf
viszeralchirurgische Notfälle anhand von 5 Indikatoroperationen beschäftigt. Dafür wurden
Routinedaten aus 73 Akutkrankenhäusern der Helios-Gruppe ausgewertet. Eingeschlossen wurden
die Eingriffe, die zwischen dem 13.03.2020 und 12.03.2021 durchgeführt wurden. Verglichen
wurden die Daten mit dem Zeitraum vom 13.03.2019 bis zum 12.03.2020.

Die Anzahl der Eingriffe bei schwerwiegenden Notfällen (Ileus, mesenteriale Ischämie und
Ulkusperforation) sind konstant geblieben. Die Liegedauer im Krankenhaus war im Pandemiejahr
2020 jedoch signifikant kürzer als im Vergleichsjahr 2019. Die Anzahl der Cholezystektomien
und Appendektomien war im Pandemiejahr signifikant geringer als im Vergleichsjahr 2019. Die
Outcome-Parameter intensivmedizinische Betreuung, invasive Beatmung und Krankenhausmortalität
waren zwischen den beiden Zeiträumen für die untersuchten Eingriffe vergleichbar.
Cooperative Rh(II)/Pd(0) Dual Catalysis for the Synthesis of Carbo- and Heterocyclic Compounds
Authors: Lee Sang-gi , Lee Kyu Ree , Lee Yu Lim , Choi Kyu In
Published: September 2021

Dual transition-metal catalysis has been introduced as a robust tool to synthesize a diverse range of organic compounds that cannot to be accessed by traditional single-metal catalysis. In this context, we have recently developed cooperative Rh(II)/Pd(0) dual catalytic systems that have been utilized for the preparation of heterocyclic compounds through the reaction between Rh(II)-carbenoid and π-allyl Pd(II)-complex intermediates in either synergistic or tandem relay catalysis. In synergistic Rh(II)/Pd(0) dual catalysis, the two reactive intermediates are generated simultaneously, which then undergo formal [6+3] dipolar cycloaddition to afford medium-sized heterocyclic compounds. On the other hand, tandem relay dual catalysis can be enabled through judicious choice of reaction parameters, which proceed through the insertion of Rh(II)-carbenoid into O–H or C–H bonds, followed by Pd(0)-catalyzed allylation to provide allylated benzo-fused cyclic compounds or chiral β-lactam derivatives.

1 Introduction

2 Synergistic Dual Rh(II)/Pd(0)-Catalyzed Dipolar [6+3]-Cycloaddition for the Synthesis of 1,4-Oxazonines

3 Tandem Relay Dual Rh(II)/Pd(0) Catalysis for the Synthesis of 2-Aminoindanones

4 Asymmetric Tandem Relay Dual Rh(II)/Pd(0) Catalysis for the Synthesis of α-Quaternary Chiral β-Lactams

5 Tandem Relay Dual Rh(II)/Pd(0) Catalysis for the Synthesis of α-Quaternary Indolinones and Benzofuranones

6 Conclusion
Postoperative Complications of Double Pelvic Osteotomy Using Specific Plates in 305 Dogs
Authors: Tavola Francesca , Drudi Dario , Vezzoni Luca , Vezzoni Aldo
Published: September 2021

Objective The aim of this clinical retrospective study was to describe the postoperative complications and associated factors of double pelvic osteotomy (DPO) using DPO plates.

Materials and Methods Medical records were searched for dogs that underwent unilateral or bilateral DPO using DPO plates from February 2009 to October 2018 and were re-evaluated for a minimum of 1 to 2 months postoperatively. A variety of commercially available, specific DPO plates were used. Complications were determined during the immediate postoperative period and at the time of the clinical and radiographic re-evaluations done 1 and/or 2 months postoperatively.

Results A total of 458 DPO (226 right, 232 left) performed in 305 dogs satisfied the inclusion criteria. Double pelvic osteotomy plates from eight different manufacturers were used: Fixin (n = 160), Kyon (n = 154), New Generation Device (n = 63), Hofmann (n = 61), Veterinary Instrumentation (n = 12), DePuy Synthes (n = 4), Porte (n = 3) and Koenigsee (n = 1). Mean age of the dogs was 6.2 months (range: 5–8 months), and the body weight ranged from 10 to 47 kg. Overall, a total of 42 complications occurred in 38 DPO (8.2%). Complications included greenstick fracture of the ischium in 14 DPO (3%), isolated screw loosening in 13 DPO involving 16 of a total of 2,947 screws (0.5%), isolated screw breakage in 4 DPO involving 5 of 2,947 screws (0.1%), incomplete ilium fracture in 3 DPO (0.6%), partial caudal plate avulsion in 3 DPO (0.6%), iatrogenic sciatic neuropraxia in two DPO (0.4%), suspected surgical site infection (SSI) in 1 DPO (0.2%) and persistent pain and lameness caused by the implant in 2 DPO (0.4%). The case of suspected SSI and the two cases of persistent pain were classified as major complications (3 DPO, 0.6%), requiring medical and surgical intervention, respectively, whereas other 39 complications in 35 DPO were classified as minor, not requiring treatment (7.6%).

Conclusion Double pelvic osteotomy using DPO plates appears to be a safe surgical option for the treatment of hip dysplasia in growing dogs; no catastrophic complications were reported and the incidence of complications (0.6% major complications and 7.6% minor complications) was low. This study showed that DPO using DPO plates and proper technique was safe in 92% of cases. The only two factors found to be significantly associated with the development of complications after DPO were the laterality (left-sided or right-sided) and body weight.
Orthognathic Surgery of the Mandible
Authors: Bahmanyar Sara , Namin Arya W. , Weiss Robert O. , Vincent Aurora G. , Read-Fuller Andrew M. , Reddy Likith V.
Published: September 2021

Orthognathic surgery performed in conjunction with orthodontic treatment is commonly performed to correct skeletal irregularities and realign the maxillomandibular relationship to improve occlusal function and facial esthetics. A thorough understanding of soft tissue esthetics, skeletal and occlusal relationships, and surgical techniques is required to obtain successful results. Surgical techniques have evolved greatly throughout history, as technological advances such as virtual surgical planning have become available and widely used to obtain predictable movements with minimized complications. The aim of this article is to review the orthognathic surgical procedures of the mandible, with particular attention to the indications, contraindications, preoperative assessment, surgical technique, and possible complications encountered.
One-dimensional narrow-band conductors
Authors: Pastur L. A. , Slavin V. V. , Krivchikov A. A.
Published: September 2021

We review one-dimensional lattice models and the corresponding results that describe the low-temperature properties of quasi-one-dimensional lattice systems with long-range interaction. A widely known example is narrow-band low-dimensional conductors with long-range interelectron repulsion. The models deal with particles that live on the one-dimensional host lattice (chain), translation invariant or disordered, and interact via the long-range repulsive potential. The results are presented concerning the translation invariant host chain, in particular: the low-temperature thermodynamics incommensurable ground states and related devil-staircase form of various characteristics as functions of pertinent parameters, the self-localization of particles, a new branch of elementary excitations, etc. In the disordered case, where the sites of the host chain fluctuate randomly around the sites of the periodic chain, the low-temperature thermodynamics and the structure of the ground state are discussed in the framework of a certain model, which we call the cluster model and which seems to be a fairly reasonable approximation for low temperatures and small concentration of particles. Using analytical and numerical tools we analyze the thermodynamics and the ground state of the model. The latter proves to be a sequence of random domains and we study in detail their distribution.
Dynamics, properties and spectrum of reconnecting vortex loops in superfluid helium (Review article)
Authors: Kondaurova L. P. , Andryushchenko V. A.
Published: September 2021

The quantum turbulence is a collection of the interacting quantum vortex loops and filaments. The main goal of this work is to systematize the information on the current state of the research on the reconnecting quantized vortex loops in the superfluid helium: the geometry, the dynamics, the properties of the vortex loops, the energy spectrum before and after the reconnections. The paper discusses the possible role of the reconnections in the formation of the turbulent spectrum. In addition, in this paper the main methods and approaches to the study of the reconnecting vortex loops and quantum turbulence are discussed.
Magnetic vortices in media with spatially inhomogeneous exchange interaction
Authors: Kovalev A. S.
Published: September 2021

In the framework of the classical equations for the magnetization dynamics and the collective variables approximation, the dynamics of magnetic vortices in two-dimensional ferromagnets with the easy-plane anisotropy and spatially inhomogeneous exchange interaction is considered. In the case of a wide straight line of the interface between magnetic media with different but slightly different exchange interaction, the dependence of the magnetic vortex velocity on its distance to the structure defect and position inside the interface domain is obtained.
Magnetoelastic effects in the hyperhoneycomb Kitaev spin liquid
Authors: Shiralieva A. , Prokoshin A. , Perkins N. B.
Published: September 2021

In recent years, several magnetic Mott insulators with strong spin-orbit coupling were suggested to be proximate to the Kitaev quantum spin liquid, whose one of the most exciting features is the fractionalization of spin excitations into itinerant Majorana fermions and static Z2 fluxes. Unfortunately, the ground states of these systems cannot be easily captured by experiment, remaining featureless to conventional local probes. Here, we propose to study the signatures of fractionalized excitations by exploiting their coupling to the lattice vibrations, dubbed magnetoelastic coupling, which arises from the fact that the interaction between spins depends on the relative distance between them. We argue that the magnetoelastic coupling can lead to the distinct modification of the phonon dynamics, which can be observed by measuring renormalized phonon spectrum, the sound attenuation, and the phonon Hall viscosity. This makes the phonon dynamics a promising tool for the characterization and identification of quantum spin liquid phases. In this work, we focus on the magnetoelastic effects in the three-dimensional Kitaev model realized on the hyperhoneycomb lattice. The hyperhoneycomb Kitaev spin liquid is particularly interesting since the strong Kitaev interaction was observed in the Kitaev magnet β-Li2IrO3, for which the spin-orbit entangled Jeff = 1/2 moments of iridium ions form precisely the hyperhoneycomb lattice.
Influence of solution electrical conductivity and ionic composition on the performance of a gas–liquid pulsed spark discharge reactor for water treatment
Authors: Nau-Hix Chase , Holsen Thomas M. , Thagard Selma Mededovic
Published: September 2021

The influence of solution electrical conductivity and ion composition on the performance of plasma reactors for water treatment applications is only partially understood. This study uses a point–point discharge over the surface of water in argon gas to determine the influence of solution conductivity, in the range of 0.3–45 mS/cm, on the physiochemical properties of spark discharges and the removal of two organic contaminants: perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and Rhodamine B dye. The influence of various ions was also explored using chlorine and non-chlorine salts to adjust solution conductivity. The removal of PFOA increased with conductivity regardless of the salt type due to the salting out effect which increased PFOA's interfacial concentration. The removal of Rhodamine B dye depended on both salt type and solution electrical conductivity. In the presence of non-chorine salts, UV photolysis was the main mechanism for the dye degradation and its removal rate did not change with conductivity. The dye removal rate was the highest in the presence of chloride-based salts at the highest values of solution conductivities. In the presence of chorine salts, OH radicals are produced by the discharge generated hypochlorous acid, which is mixed into the bulk solution to react with the Rhodamine B dye. The generation rate of hydroxyl radicals appears to decrease with increasing solution conductivity, and these species are not directly involved in the degradation of the two compounds investigated in this study.
Chemical transformations of [MAu8(PPh3)8]2+ (M = Pt, Pd) and [Au9(PPh3)8]3+ in methanol induced by irradiation of atmospheric pressure plasma
Authors: Emori Sojiro , Takano Shinjiro , Koyasu Kiichirou , Tsukuda Tatsuya
Published: September 2021

The reaction processes of ligand-protected metal clusters induced by irradiating atmospheric pressure plasma (APP) were investigated using optical spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The target clusters were phosphine-protected gold-based clusters [MAu8(PPh3)8]2+ (M = Pt, Pd) and [Au9(PPh3)8]3+, which have a crown-shaped M@Au8 (M = Pt, Pd, Au) core with an unligated M site at the central position. The APP irradiation of [MAu8(PPh3)8]2+ (M = Pt, Pd) in methanol resulted in the selective formation of [PtAu8(PPh3)8CO]2+ and [PdAu9(PPh3)8CN]2+ via the addition of a CO molecule and AuCN unit, respectively, generated in situ by the APP irradiation. In contrast, the APP irradiation of [Au9(PPh3)8]3+ in methanol yielded [Au9(PPh3)7(CN)1]2+ and [Au10(PPh3)7(CN)2]2+ as the main products, which were produced by sequential addition of AuCN to reactive [Au8(PPh3)7]2+ formed by dissociation equilibrium of [Au9(PPh3)8]3+. DFT calculations predicted that a unique chain-like {–(CNAu)n–PPh3} (n = 1, 2) ligand was formed via the sequential insertion of –CNAu– units into the Au–PPh3 bond of [PdAu8(PPh3)8]2+ and [Au8(PPh3)7]2+. These findings open up a new avenue for developing novel metal clusters via the chemical transformation of atomically defined metal clusters by APP irradiation.