bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Composição corporal de atletas de ginástica artística feminina após 2 semanas de treinamento intervalado de sprint modificado.
Authors: Alves de Oliveira Higor Alexandre , Junqueira Juliana Fernandes , Gasparetto Zadriane , De Mendonça Bacciotti Sarita
Published: January 2022

INTRODUÇÃO: Os praticantes de ginástica artística (GA) aprimoram suas capacidades físicas desde a iniciação, buscando melhora no desempenho. Há evidências científicas de mudanças na composição corporal após a utilização de alguns métodos, dentre eles, o Treinamento Intervalado de “Sprint” modificado (mSIT), porém ainda não testado em ginastas. O mSIT é definido como um exercício que envolve a alternância de curtos períodos de alta intensidade menor do que 10 segundos e em períodos de baixa intensidade para sua recuperação, sendo considerado um método eficiente para o desenvolvimento da saúde e desempenho, refletindo na composição corporal. OBJETIVO: Analisar as alterações na composição corporal após realização do treinamento mSIT de atletas de GA feminina do Centro de Formação de Atletas de Campo Grande – MS (CEFAT), em novembro de 2021. MÉTODO: O estudo de caráter experimental, com intervenção de 2 semanas, aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética da UFMS, parecer nº 5.086.867, de 08/11/2021, foi realizado com 8 ginastas do sexo feminino (11,49±1,40 anos) com altura de 146,66 ±6,64 cm, foi utilizado estadiômetro portátil, balança digital e analisador de bioimpedância (ImbodyS10). RESULTADOS: Foram apresentados de forma descritiva, utilizando média e desvio padrão. Para comparação de valores médios pré e pós intervenção foi utilizado o teste t de Student de medidas repetidas no programa Jamovi e o nível de significância adotado foi de 5%. Os valores pré e pós intervenção, respectivamente, foram 7,21kg±6,26 e 37,13kg±6,31 (t=0,464) para o peso corporal,13,69%±6,61 e 14,63%±6,65 (t=-2,165) para o percentual de gordura e 17,21±2,45kg e 16,79±2,89kg (t= 1,339) para massa de gordura. A análise inferencial apresentou valores maiores p>0,05, não havendo diferenças estatísticas significativas entre os períodos pré e pós intervenção. CONCLUSÃO: A manutenção de valores pré e pós intervenção nesta amostra pode estar relacionado com aspectos do treinamento e a falta de controle da ingesta alimentar.

Palavras-chave: Esporte estético. Perfil físico. Treinamento. Massa de intervalo.
Diferença de força de preensão manual e potência dos membros inferiores conforme o nível de ansiedade em atletas.
Authors: Sganzerla Gianfranco , Assis de Oliveira-Junior Silvio , Trainá Gama Daniel , De Paula Ravagnani Fabricio César , Ferreira Denarde Felipe Eliezer , Fric Zanatto Sander , De Faria Coelho Ravagnani Christianne
Published: January 2022

Introdução: A ansiedade afeta de várias formas a prática esportiva. No entanto, ainda não é totalmente conhecido seus impactos na força e potência dos membros inferiores de atletas. Objetivos: Verificar a diferença de força de preensão manual e potência dos membros inferiores conforme o nível de ansiedade em atletas e a relação entre ansiedade e essas variáveis. Material e métodos: O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa com Seres Humanos do Hospital Júlio Müller (CAAE n° 49600315.0.0000.5541). Participaram do estudo 113 atletas (90 homens e 23 mulheres; 23,4±6,5 anos; 73,7±15,9 kg; 174,1±10,1 cm) de 10 esportes. Primeiramente, os atletas preencheram o Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Trata-se de um questionário com 21 questões que avalia traços de ansiedade, com escores totais variando de 0 até 63 pontos. Após responderem o BAI, os atletas foram divididos em dois grupos conforme resultado do Questionário. O grupo 1 (G1, n=63) foram os que tiveram resultado igual ou menor que a mediana (≤4); e o grupo 2 (G2, n=50) os que tiveram resultado maior que a mediana (>4). Em seguida, os atletas realizaram o teste de dinamometria manual e teste do salto vertical, testes que avaliam a força da preensão manual e potência dos membros inferiores, respectivamente. Adotou-se o teste de Kolgomorov-Smirnov para testar a normalidade dos dados, teste T independente de Student para avaliar o desempenho físico entre os grupos e correlação de Spearman para avaliar a relação entre o resultado do BAI e testes físicos. Um p<0,05 foi considerado significante. Resultados: O BAI teve resultados que variaram de 0 a 33 pontos (mediana 4). O G1 demonstrou maior força de preensão manual—média das duas mãos—(G1, 47.7±12.2 kgf e G2, 41.6±13.0 kgf; p<0,05) e potência dos membros inferiores (G1, 3726,9±916,1 W e G2, 3275,6±975,9 W; p<0,05) do que G2. O BAI teve correlação negativa com a força de preensão manual (r=-0.24; p<0,05) e potência dos membros inferiores (r=-0,25; p<0,05).  Conclusão: Atletas menos ansiosos apresentaram maior força de preensão manual e potência dos membros inferiores. Apesar de pequena, a ansiedade apresenta relação negativa com essas duas variáveis.

 

Palavras-chave: Atletas. Rendimento atlético. Ansiedade.
Influência do exercício aquático na funcionalidade, dor e equilíbrio postural na amputação unilateral de membro inferior: Estudo Piloto.
Authors: Evangelista dos Santos Carvalho Solange , Barbosa Saiki Fábio Roberto , De Moraes Ferreira Brandão Patrícia , Muleta Andrade Paulo Henrique
Published: January 2022

Introdução: A amputação é um procedimento cirúrgico, cuja intenção é promover perspectivas em relação a função e melhorar o estado de saúde do indivíduo amputado. Dentre as propostas de tratamento a Fisioterapia Aquática (FA) associa a cinesioterapia aos princípios fisicos da água e apresenta evidências de eficácia ao tratamento das disfunções relacionados ao equilíbrio e tem por objetivo otimizar e acelerar o processo de recuperação funcional dos pacientes amputados, todavia há poucos estudos envolvendo amputados tratados com exercício em imersão. Objetivo: Avaliar a influência do exercício aquático na funcionalidade, dor e equilíbrio postural na amputação unilateral de membro inferior. Material e Métodos: Projeto foi aprovado pelo CEP 4.897.547, foi avaliado indivíduo com amputação transtibial (Diabetes Mellitus). A intervenção foi realizada em piscina coberta e aquecida a 32,5 ºC, na profundidade do processo xifóide, pelo período de 8 semanas, na frequência de 2 vezes semanais e com duração de 40 minutos. Foi realizada avaliação do equilíbrio (BERG e plataforma de equilíbrio estático), escala funcional da dor e medida de independência funcional (MIF).Resultados: Na avaliação pré intervenção foram identificadas BERG 11, MIF 85, Escala Funcional de dor 1, Elipse de Confiança (302,6) e deslocamento total de 229, na avaliação pós intervenção foram identificados BERG 13, MIF 117, Escala Funcional de dor 1, Elipse de Confiança (200,7), deslocamento total 43,8. A escala de equilíbrio de BERG houve melhora de 5%, MIF aumentou 25,4 %. Na Plataforma de Equilíbrio K Force Plates apresentou melhora de 101,9 pontos na elipse de confiança e 85,8 pontos no deslocamento total do centro de gravidade. Conclusões: Os exercícios aquáticos (nessa frequência, duração e intensidade) proporcionaram diminuição do deslocamento total do eixo de gravidade na postura estática, causou melhor distribuição do peso entre retropé e antepé dessa forma aumentou a independência funcional do indivíduo amputado.

 

Palavras-chave: Exercício Aquático. Amputação. Equilíbrio Postural
Influência do jejum intermitente e do treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade sobre expressão de miostatina e modulação do trofismo muscular e da densidade óssea em ratos.
Authors: Marques de Mendonça Maria Lua , Rabelo de Carvalho Marianna , Salomão Duchini dos Santos Diego , Boniollis Romanenghi Rodrigo , Alves Paiva Letícia , Schettert Silva Iandara , Assis de Oliveira Júnior Silvio , Felippe Martinez Paula
Published: January 2022

Introdução: Há evidências que jejum intermitente (JI) e treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade (HIIT) podem promover mudanças no músculo esquelético e na densidade óssea. Entretanto, a participação da miostatina, um regulador negativo da massa muscular, na modulação dessas alterações induzidas pela associação de JI e HIIT ainda é pouco conhecida. Objetivo: Avaliar a influência do JI e do HIIT sobre expressão de miostatina e modulação do trofismo muscular e da densidade óssea em ratos. Métodos: Ratos Wistar machos (n=40, 60 dias) foram divididos em: Controle (C), Jejum Intermitente (JI), Treinamento Intervalado de Alta Intensidade (T) e Treinamento Intervalado de Alta Intensidade + Jejum Intermitente (TJI). Os grupos C e T receberam dieta padrão para roedores ad libitum; JI e TJI receberam a mesma ração à vontade por períodos de 24 horas alternados com jejum de mesma duração. Os grupos T e TJI realizaram protocolo de HIIT em esteira rolante (5 vezes/semana). Após 12 semanas, foram analisadas densidade mineral óssea (DMO) do úmero do membro anterior direito (raios-X de dupla energia - DEXA), área seccional transversa das fibras (análise histomorfométrica) e expressão da proteína miostatina (Western blot) no músculo gastrocnêmio. Análise estatística: ANOVA de duas vias e Tukey. O protocolo experimental foi aprovado pela Comissão de Ética no Uso de Animais da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (CEUA/UFMS), protocolo n° nº 995/2018. Resultados: DMO do úmero foi menor no grupo JI que em C e maior em TJI que em JI (C:1,15±0,04; JI:1,01±0,15; T:1,15±0,09; TJI:1,16±0,07 g/cm 3 ). A área seccional transversa das fibras foi menor em JI que em C e menor em TJI que em T. A expressão da miostatina foi maior no grupo TJI quando comparado ao grupo T (C:1,00±0,31; JI:1,32±0,32; T:0,89±0,34; TJI:1,72±0,46 unidades arbitrárias). Conclusão: Como fator isolado, o JI reduz a DMO e o trofismo muscular. A associação de HIIT ao JI atenua a redução de DMO e modula a expressão de miostatina no músculo gastrocnêmio, porém não previne a atrofia muscular. Apoio: UFMS, CAPES (Cód.001), CNPq.

 

Palavras-chave: Exercício.  Conteúdo mineral ósseo.
Exploring the Influence of Geographic Region and Cultural Indulgence on Tactile Behaviors
Authors: Miller Michael J. , Andersen Peter A. , Rogers Dana L. , Kurtin Kate S.
Published: January 2022

In this study, touch behavior was monitored via live-feed webcams in 18 bars, spread across 5 continents (North America, South America, Europe, Australia, and Asia) for 213 hours. Our findings offer support for a link between equatorial proximity (measured by latitude) and cultural indulgence with more tactile communication. In cultures where indulgence versus restraint was more normative, those perceived as females initiated more touch in both opposite- and same- sex dyads. Moreover, in cultures closer to the equator, there was an increase in touch frequency and the number of body locations touched. Housed within these findings is the idea that geographical location may play a predictable role in motivating the development of cultural communication norms and behaviors. We consider the influence of sunlight, topography, history, and other culture-specific forces on the development of touch norms. 

 
GOLD AS A MEANS OF HOARDING IN COMPARISON WITH OTHER WAYS OF INVESTING AVAILABLE FINANCIAL RESOURCES IN TANGIBLE ASSETS BY POLISH HOUSEHOLDS IN THE ERA OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Lejman-Gąska Adam
Published: January 2022

The article deals with the issues related to gold as a means of hoarding in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic. The main thesis of the article is that during the pandemic there is an increase in price quotations of gold on world markets. This makes this type of deposits more attractive for Polish households in comparison with investments in foreign currencies. The aim of this paper is to compare the profitability of investing available financial resources by households during a pandemic in gold and in other selected investment opportunities in tangible assets accessible to these entities in Poland. The assessment of the profitability of investing in gold was therefore compared with the rates of return on investment in the most popular foreign currencies in Poland (the US dollar and the euro), in which households invest their spare financial resources. Additionally, the arithmetic mean of the rates of return and the standard deviation of the rates of return were calculated for gold, the US dollar, the euro and the WIG. Finally, conclusions resulting from the conducted research are presented.
FACEBOOK IN THE CONTEXT OF MARKETING COMMUNICATION OF LOCAL ENTERPRISES FROM SZCZECIN – BASED ON OWN RESEARCH
Authors: Kostrzewska Martyna
Published: January 2022

Social Media are getting fast growing form of communication. Today customers often use available social media looking for information about companies. Interesting question seems to be, how the local business may use Facebook to communicate with customers. Based on observation of the market and the need for change the process of communication in service companies in Szczecin, the author adopted as the aim of the article the identification of new marketing solutions for the service market by way of an evaluation of the possibility of taking advantage of social media potential and social media activities carried out by local companies. In assessing the tools characteristic of new media and the attitude of companies towards these tools, an attempt was made to identify opportunities for companies to use social media. As part of the research, a questionnaire was used that was targeted at owners and managers of local companies from Szczecin. The study was expanded to include virtual ethnography, which involved observation of a company's profile on social media.
Avaliação de Unidade de Medição Inercial Utilizando Técnicas de Reconstrução de Trajetória de Pedestres
Authors: Rocha e Silva Rodolfo Nícolas , Gonçalves Glauco Estácio , Medeiros Victor Wanderley Costa de
Published: January 2022

Diversos trabalhos propuseram métodos para reconstruir trajetória e estimar a posição de pedestres baseando-se em unidades de medição inercial. Montando os sensores no pé é possível utilizar um filtro de Kalman estendido e com a técnica ZUPT lidar com os erros oriundos das medições dos sensores. Este trabalho busca analisar a influência das configurações de uma unidade de medição inercial de baixo custo nos resultados finais desses sistemas. As configurações dos sensores, relacionadas ao fundo de escala e sensibilidade de medição, foram estudadas comparando estatisticamente os erros de diferentes métodos de reconstrução de trajetória. Os resultados apontam o fundo de escala do giroscópio como o parâmetro mais influente do sistema, já a combinação configuração e algoritmo com melhor desempenho apresentam uma média dos erros de posicionamento de 0.98% da distância total percorrida.
Gerenciamento Dinâmico de Memória em Aplicações com Reutilização de RDDs no Spark
Authors: Donato Maurício Matter , Fazul Rhauani Weber Aita , Barcelos Patrícia Pitthan
Published: January 2022

O framework Apache Spark utiliza o algoritmo LRU (Least Recently Used) para a remoção de partições de RDDs (Resilient Distributed Datasets) em caso de sobrecarga da memória. Embora suponha que partições recentemente utilizadas sejam acessadas em um futuro próximo, o LRU pode degradar o desempenho de aplicações com acessos cíclicos à memória em que a quantidade de dados manipulados excede o espaço disponível. Este trabalho apresenta o DMM (Dynamic Memory Management), um modelo de Gerenciamento Dinâmico de Memória que verifica a necessidade de remoção de partições, instrumentando a execução de aplicações e identificando o bloco a ser removido, com base na reutilização dos RDDs. Os experimentos conduzidos demonstram que o DMM pode reduzir significativamente o tempo médio de execução da aplicação quando comparado ao algoritmo LRU nativamente implementado pelo Spark, provendo assim uma melhor utilização da memória e possibilitando maior estabilidade na execução das aplicações no cluster.
Ferramenta Computacional para Classificação de ECG Humanos com Detecção de Defeitos no Eletrocardiógrafo
Authors: Ribeiro Maycon E. F. , Cruz Juan A. L. , Macêdo Raimundo J. de A.
Published: January 2022

Há muito tempo, os eletrocardiogramas (ECGs) vêm sendo utilizados para diagnosticar problemas cardíacos. No entanto, obter uma classificação automática satisfatória de ECGs em sistemas de e-Health, é uma tarefa desafiadora, devido a interferências operacionais e falhas às quais esses dispositivos estão submetidos. Neste artigo, apresentamos a ferramenta computacional Cyber-ECG para classificação automática de sinais de ECG, com detecção de defeitos de sensores do eletrocardiógrafo. A Cyber-ECG foi implementada em ambiente Simulink/MATLAB e avaliada a partir de séries temporais de ECGs disponíveis em banco de dados público. A ferramenta proposta obteve uma precisão de 84 % e 80 % ao classificar arritmias e batimentos normais, respectivamente. Para essas mesmas classes, os valores de F1-Score são 82 % e 83 %. Portanto, a ferramenta apresentou funcionamento satisfatório e, em alguns casos, teve desempenho superior em comparação com outros resultados de métodos de classificação de sinais de ECG relatados na literatura científica. O detector de defeito foi avaliado a partir de um módulo de injeção de falhas integrado à ferramenta Cyber-ECG, o que permitiu verificar a eficácia do método proposto.
Analysis of the feasibility of remote access to industrial wireless networks by means of VPN
Authors: Hecht Rodolfo Bruno , Feldman Max , Cruz Tiago Rodrigo , Machado Ederson Ribas , Müller Ivan
Published: January 2022

Many types of industries require their plants to be geographically located at distant points from the headquarters that control their administrative operations. For example, basic industries such as mining, oil and gas and energy, which transform raw materials for use in other processes, usually have their facilities close to primary sources, imposing the need to implement a remote monitoring strategy. This work presents a remote interconnection solution between a field device of a wirelessHART network and a remote operator collecting related latency data, at the time of its measurement, in a secure and reliable way through the use of a virtual private network on the Internet. Measurements were performed at regional and international locations and statistical comparisons of the results were performed.
Paradigma Orientado a Notificações Aplicado à Programação de Microcontroladores
Authors: Mamann Lucas V. S. de , Simão Jean Marcelo , Delgado Myriam Regattieri , Pigatto Daniel F.
Published: January 2022

Este artigo visa à análise de desempenho de aplicações desenvolvidas em materializações do Paradigma Orientado a Notificações (PON), no contexto de microcontroladores. A aplicação envolve sensores e atuadores para Internet das Coisas comunicando-se em rede. Os resultados apresentados mostram que materializações do PON possuem diversas vantagens quanto ao usual Paradigma Imperativo (PI), sendo mais eficiente do que PI neste cenário. Este estudo expande os horizontes da aplicação do PON para um novo conjunto de plataformas, particularmente para aquelas com grande limitação de memória e processamento.
Neue Stärken, alte Schwächen. Schwache Interessen in der Sozialpolitik – eine Bestandsaufnahme
Authors: Klenk Tanja , Leiber Simone , Windwehr Jana
Published: January 2022

Dieser Beitrag bildet die Einführung in das Schwerpunktheft unter der Zielsetzung, die anderen Beiträge zu rahmen. Er gibt einen Überblick über den Forschungsstand und Forschungsdesiderate im Themenfeld der Vertretung sogenannter schwacher Interessen im Sozialstaat. Er charakterisiert die Vertretung schwacher Interessen als dynamischen Prozess, der von jüngeren Veränderungen in der politischen Arena des Sozialstaats abhängig ist. Auch der technologische Wandel durch Digitalisierung wird in seinen Folgen für die Vertretung schwacher Sozialstaatsinteressen in den Blick genommen. Die Autorinnen diagnostizieren einerseits eine gewisse – selektive – Stärkung in der Vertretung und Durchsetzungsfähigkeit klassischerweise als „schwach“ eingeordneter Interessen sowie Hinweise auf eine Aufwertung des Modus der „Selbstvertretung“, der neben „advokatorischer Vertretung“ und „Mitbestimmung qua (Wahl-)Amt“ an Bedeutung gewinnt. Andererseits zeigt der Beitrag aber auch eine bemerkenswerte Konstanz im Hinblick auf die politische Vernachlässigung von Interessen der „Schwächsten unter den Schwachen“ auf, nämlich von Arbeitslosen und armen Familien sowie ihrer Kinder, und geht möglichen Ursachen dafür nach.
Landesgeschichtliche Zeitschriften 1800–2009
Authors: Mechthold Rudi
Published: January 2022

Regionen, Landschaften, Landstriche etc. können mit aktuellen Grenzen zu tun haben. Deckungsgleich sind sie keineswegs. Gebiete oder vielmehr die Bezeichnungen dafür sind meist auch Ausdruck von politischen Verhältnissen zu unterschiedlichen Zeiten. In ihnen, ihrer Überlagerung, ihren oft unscharfen Grenzen wird die historische Tiefe und Variablität gegenwärtiger hoheitlicher und administrativer Strukturen fassbar. So wird die landschaftlich gebundene Geschichte zum Fundament aller historischen Erkenntnis. Betrieben wird sie primär auf der Ebene lokaler und regionaler Institutionen und Vereine, die ihre Erkenntnisinteressen vielfach auf kleine, historische verstandene Räume richten. Die daraus resultierenden Ergebnisse sind in meist periodisch erschienenden Publikationen festgehalten, die ein getreues Abbild dieser Organisationsstruktur darstellen. Den systematisch arbeitenden Bibliographen und Bibliothekar stellt genau das vor erhebliche Probleme. Häufige Titeländerungen sind die Regel. Die geografische Zuordnung fällt oft schwer. Vermutlich ist der Grund darin zu sehen, dass es bis heute kein umfassendes, auf Vollständigkeit zielendes Verzeichnis der deutschsprachigen landesgeschichtlichen und heimatkundlichen Periodika gibt. Dieses vom Autor über viele Jahre hinweg erarbeitete und ständig erweiterte Verzeichnis will diese Lücke schließen. Neben größtmöglicher Vollständigkeit und Aktualität bietet die Bibliographie alle Titelvarianten, was angesichts zahlreicher Titeländerungen und häufig abgekürzter Zitierweise notwendig ist, sowie ein geografisches Register, das regionale Zuordnung oft erst ermöglicht. So stellt die Bibliographie ein wichtiges Nachschlagewerk und Hilfsmittel für alle dar, die sich beruflich oder privat in der Fülle der einschlägigen Veröffentlichungen orientieren müssen und wollen.
Zollikoner Seminare
Authors: Heidegger Martin
Published: January 2022

Between 1959 and 1969, the noted Swiss psychiatrist Medard Boss invited Martin Heidegger to Zollikon on Lake Zurich several times to develop the so-called 'Daseinsanalyse' in the course of private seminars. Taking "Sein und Zeit" as his point of departure, Heidegger seized the opportunity to test his thoughts on 'Dasein' in direct contact with psychiatrists, psychotherapists and psychoanalysts. In the process, central themes of Heidegger's thought come to the fore; as he is not adressing professional philosophers here, the result is one of the clearest introductions to Heidegger's thought. The volume contains the transcripts of the seminars, edited and supplemented by Heidegger, conversations between Heidegger and Boss, and extensive excerpts from the correspondence.
Qualitative Assessment of Perfusion Maps Derived from Pulsed Arterial Spin Labeling Magnetic Resonance Imaging (PASL MRI) in Patients with Cognitive Disorders
Authors: Dokdok Murat , Gokmen Alpsan Meltem Hale , Karaman Kutlay , Karadeniz Oktay , Kutukcu Yasar , Gocmen Selcuk
Published: January 2022

Background: Dementia and its most common cause, Alzheimer's disease (AD), are growing health problems worldwide. In the pathological process, before the emergence of symptoms, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be used as a non-invasive method for measuring brain perfusion. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and variability of brain perfusion maps derived from pulsed arterial spin labeling (PASL) MRI in a heterogeneous group of patients with cognitive disorders. Patients and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 85 out of 134 patients with cognitive disorders, including 23 cases of AD, 24 cases of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), 31 cases of depression, and seven cases of subjective memory impairment (SMI), were considered eligible for the study. All patients were evaluated qualitatively with 3D PASL sequences, using inline cerebral blood flow (CBF) maps. Mental examinations and neuropsychological tests were also performed beforehand. Results: Based on the CBF maps, bilateral parietal hypoperfusion was significant in the AD and MCI groups (83 and 67%, respectively), compared to patients with depression or SMI (P < 0.01). However, it was significantly low in depressed patients (13%), and there was no hypoperfusion in the SMI group. There was a good interobserver agreement, based on the kappa coefficient in all groups (0.78%; 95% CI: 0.65 - 0.91). Conclusion: The PASL MRI technique can be valuable for evaluating cognitive disorders, as it is non-invasive, rapid, and easily accessible. Besides, the qualitative assessment of CBF maps using this technique is reproducible and feasible in routine clinical practice.
Race, fitness-to-practice and the experience of trainee educators
Authors: Clarke Celia
Published: January 2022

This study examines the reasons behind Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME) students’ over-representation within fitness-to-practice (FTP) processes at a university in the north of England. Referrals to FTP are intended to rectify the underperformance of students, acting as a workplace misconduct procedure, applied in an education context. The phenomenon itself replicates trends of racial disadvantage across education and the workplace. Some suggested causes for these trends include capital, racial discomfort and structural inequality discussed in the literature review. In this study, the experiences of BAME students on placement in education settings are examined to provide insights into the disparity in FTP referrals, using a phenomenological approach. This involved semi-structured interviews to capture subjective first-person accounts from the target sample. These were evaluated using thematic analysis, and the findings were considered using Critical Race Theory (CRT) as a lens.The findings demonstrated two opposing accounts that were united by their conception of racial identity. The research found that BAME students’ placement experiences may be in response to an intersectional convergence of race and the status of the role they occupy within the placement. A clear link between FTP and placement experiences could not be established, but the CRT perspective points to issues around racism, white neutrality and supremacy active in BAME students’ placement settings. 
2013 State of the Science Conference Proceedings: Tools for System Transformation for Young Adults with Psychiatric Disabilities
Authors: Davis Maryann
Published: January 2022

In 2013, the Learning and Working During the Transition to Adulthood Rehabilitation Research & Training Center, UMass Chan Medical School, successfully conducted a state of the science conference, “Tools for System Transformation for Young Adults with Psychiatric Disabilities.” The conference was held at Georgetown University National Technical Assistance Center for Children’s Mental Health on September 24-25th, 2013. We had two goals for this conference. Our first goal was to share and discuss the current state of research knowledge regarding practice and policy supports for strong educational and employment outcomes in young adults (ages 18-30) with psychiatric disabilities. Our second goal was to engage all attendees in prioritizing the knowledge that future research should address, to guide these systems’ efforts, to better launch and support these young adults’ long-term careers. The proceedings herein include all conference papers and responses as well as final considerations for the future research directions in education, employment and policy and practice.
Predicting Study Programme Selection with Data Mining Classification Technique
Authors: Božić Rade
Published: January 2022

The application of data mining in the field of education (Educational Data Mining - EDM) is becoming more and more popular. Predicting final grades during studies, measuring student and lecturer performance, targeting students, curriculum improvement, are just some of the examples that can support the development of this area. The focus of this article is on the prediction of the study programme that students will select during their higher education at the Faculty of Business Economics in Bijeljina. The analysis was conducted on the data of the faculty wherein the first two years students attend the same courses, while at the beginning of the third year they select a specific study programme. The aim of this paper is to use classification methods to predict the selected study programme based on the final grades achieved on courses during the first two years of study. The highest accuracy was obtained using random forest algorithm (59,94%). Model evaluation results show that choice of study programme does not depend only on the success achieved in all courses during the first two years of study. The analysis was performed using open-source WEKA mining tool, and the obtained results were presented and interpreted.
NETFLIX - THE CURATION OF TASTE AND THE BUSINESS OF DIVERSIFICATION
Authors: Higson Andrew
Published: January 2022

Netflix is considered as a global business invested in strategies of diversification, localisation and personalisation in light of several discourses about the streaming service. One presents Netflix as an evil corporation encouraging binge-watching and reducing individuals to data. A utopian discourse proclaims the democratising potential of digital media technologies, including Netflix's claims about its personalised, on-demand service. An industry discourse laments Netflix's disruption of the film and television business. Finally, a scholarly discourse maps the political economy and cultural impact of Netflix. Each discourse attaches a particular cultural value to Netflix. Some offer 'antidotes', including the niche streamers, with their 'curated' collections of specialised content. Both types of streamer are in fact gatekeepers regulating access to cultural experiences and promoting particular ideas of taste and diversity. Netflix's strategies of customisation and glocalisation, and its activities in the Middle East and North Africa, demonstrate in the end that diversity is good for business.
Multiphoton imaging of neural structure and activity in Drosophila through the intact cuticle
Authors: Aragon Max Jameson , Mok Aaron T , Shea Jamien , Wang Mengran , Kim Haein , Barkdull Nathan , Xu Chris , Yapici Nilay
Published: January 2022

We developed a multiphoton imaging method to capture neural structure and activity in behaving flies through the intact cuticle. Our measurements showed that the fly head cuticle has surprisingly high transmission at wavelengths >900nm, and the difficulty of through-cuticle imaging is due to the air sacs and/or fat tissue underneath the head cuticle. By compressing or removing the air sacs, we performed multiphoton imaging of the fly brain through the intact cuticle. Our anatomical and functional imaging results show that 2- and 3-photon imaging are comparable in superficial regions such as the mushroom body, but 3-photon imaging is superior in deeper regions such as the central complex and beyond. We further demonstrated 2-photon through-cuticle functional imaging of odor-evoked calcium responses from the mushroom body γ-lobes in behaving flies short term and long term. The through-cuticle imaging method developed here extends the time limits of in vivo imaging in flies and opens new ways to capture neural structure and activity from the fly brain.
Lytic transglycosylases mitigate periplasmic crowding by degrading soluble cell wall turnover products
Authors: Weaver Anna Isabell , Alvarez Laura , Rosch Kelly M , Ahmed Asraa , Wang Garrett Sean , van Nieuwenhze Michael S , Cava Felipe , Dörr Tobias
Published: January 2022

The peptidoglycan cell wall is a predominant structure of bacteria, determining cell shape and supporting survival in diverse conditions. Peptidoglycan is dynamic and requires regulated synthesis of new material, remodeling, and turnover – or autolysis – of old material. Despite exploitation of peptidoglycan synthesis as an antibiotic target, we lack a fundamental understanding of how peptidoglycan synthesis and autolysis intersect to maintain the cell wall. Here, we uncover a critical physiological role for a widely misunderstood class of autolytic enzymes, lytic transglycosylases (LTGs). We demonstrate that LTG activity is essential to survival by contributing to periplasmic processes upstream and independent of peptidoglycan recycling. Defects accumulate in Vibrio cholerae LTG mutants due to generally inadequate LTG activity, rather than absence of specific enzymes, and essential LTG activities are likely independent of protein-protein interactions, as heterologous expression of a non-native LTG rescues growth of a conditional LTG-null mutant. Lastly, we demonstrate that soluble, uncrosslinked, endopeptidase-dependent peptidoglycan chains, also detected in the wild-type, are enriched in LTG mutants, and that LTG mutants are hypersusceptible to the production of diverse periplasmic polymers. Collectively, our results suggest that LTGs prevent toxic crowding of the periplasm with synthesis-derived peptidoglycan polymers and, contrary to prevailing models, that this autolytic function can be temporally separate from peptidoglycan synthesis.
Evolution of host-microbe cell adherence by receptor domain shuffling
Authors: Baker EmilyClare P , Sayegh Ryan , Kohler Kristin M , Borman Wyatt , Goodfellow Claire K , Brush Eden R , Barber Matthew F
Published: January 2022

Stable adherence to epithelial surfaces is required for colonization by diverse host-associated microbes. Successful attachment of pathogenic microbes to host cells via adhesin molecules is also the first step in many devastating infections. Despite the primacy of epithelial adherence in establishing host-microbe associations, the evolutionary processes that shape this crucial interface remain enigmatic. Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecules (CEACAMs) encompass a multifunctional family of vertebrate cell surface proteins which are recurrent targets of bacterial adhesins at epithelial barriers. Here, we show that multiple members of the primate CEACAM family exhibit evidence of repeated natural selection at protein surfaces targeted by bacteria, consistent with pathogen-driven evolution. Divergence of CEACAM proteins between even closely related great apes is sufficient to control molecular interactions with a range of bacterial adhesins. Phylogenetic analyses further reveal that repeated gene conversion of CEACAM extracellular domains during primate divergence plays a key role in limiting bacterial adhesin host tropism. Moreover, we demonstrate that gene conversion has continued to shape CEACAM diversity within human populations, with abundant human CEACAM1 variants mediating evasion of adhesins from pathogenic Neisseria. Together this work reveals a mechanism by which gene conversion shapes first contact between microbes and animal hosts.
Impact of long- and short-range fibre depletion on the cognitive deficits of fronto-temporal dementia
Authors: Savard Melissa , Pascoal Tharick A , Servaes Stijn , Dhollander Thijs , Iturria-Medina Yasser , Kang Min Su , Vitali Paolo , Therriault Joseph , Mathotaarachchi Sulantha , Benedet Andrea Lessa , Gauthier Serge , Rosa-Neto Pedro ,   On behalf of for the Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: January 2022

Recent studies suggest a framework where white-matter (WM) atrophy plays an important role in fronto-temporal dementia (FTD) pathophysiology. However, these studies often overlook the fact that WM tracts bridging different brain regions may have different vulnerabilities to the disease and the relative contribution of grey-matter (GM) atrophy to this WM model, resulting in a less comprehensive understanding of the relationship between clinical symptoms and pathology. Using a common factor analysis to extract a semantic and an executive factor, we aimed to test the relative contribution of WM and GM of specific tracts in predicting cognition in the Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration Neuroimaging Initiative (FTLDNI). We found that semantic symptoms were mainly dependent on short-range WM fibre disruption, while damage to long-range WM fibres was preferentially associated to executive dysfunction with the GM contribution to cognition being predominant for local processing. These results support the importance of the disruption of specific WM tracts to the core cognitive symptoms associated with FTD. As large-scale WM tracts, which are particularly vulnerable to vascular disease, were highly associated with executive dysfunction, our findings highlight the importance of controlling for risk factors associated with deep WM disease, such as vascular risk factors, in patients with FTD in order not to potentiate underlying executive dysfunction.
Dynamics and nanoscale organization of the postsynaptic endocytic zone at excitatory synapses
Authors: Catsburg Lisa AE , Westra Manon , van Schaik Annemarie ML , MacGillavry Harold D
Published: January 2022

At postsynaptic sites of neurons, a prominent clathrin-coated structure, the endocytic zone (EZ), controls the trafficking of glutamate receptors and is essential for synaptic plasticity. Despite its importance, little is known about how this clathrin structure is organized to mediate endocytosis. We used live-cell and super-resolution microscopy to reveal the dynamic organization of this poorly understood clathrin structure in rat hippocampal neurons. We found that a subset of endocytic proteins only transiently appeared at postsynaptic sites. In contrast, other proteins were persistently enriched and partitioned at the edge of the EZ. We found that uncoupling the EZ from the synapse led to the loss of most of these components, while disrupting interactions with the actin cytoskeleton or membrane did not alter EZ positioning. Finally, we found that plasticity-inducing stimuli promoted the reorganization of the EZ. We conclude that the EZ is a stable, highly organized molecular platform where components are differentially recruited and positioned to orchestrate the endocytosis of synaptic receptors.
Perceived physical activity during stay-at-home COVID-19 pandemic lockdown March–April 2020 in Polish adults
Authors: Czyż Stanisław H. , Starościak Wojciech
Published: January 2022

Background

Lockdowns amid the COVID-19 pandemic drastically reduced the possibility of undertaking physical activity (PA) in gyms, swimming pools, or work-related PA,e.g., active commuting. However, the stay-at-home order could have reduced PA the most,i.e., the ban of unnecessary outdoor activities. It affected free walking, running, skiing, active tourism,etc. It is, therefore, crucial to estimate how the stay-at-home order affected PA. We estimated how the stay-at-home order affected perceived PA and sedentary behavior compared to the pre-pandemic time in Poland.

Methods

We used a self-reported International Physical Activity Questionnaire—Long Form (IPAQ-LF) to estimate the time (minutes per day) of vigorous and moderate PA and walking and sitting time.

Results

We gathered data from 320 Polish participants. Bayesian approaches, includingt-test and Bayesian correlations, were used to find differences and correlations between PA before and during the stay-at-home lockdown. Our data supported the hypotheses that vigorous PA, as well as walking, declined during the lockdown. Surprisingly, our data did not support the hypothesis that moderate physical activity was reduced. We found that moderate PA during lockdown increased compared to the pre-lockdown PA. As hypothesized, our data strongly evinced that sitting time inclined during the lockdown. PA decline was not correlated with the available living space. People who had access to gardens did not demonstrate a higher PA level than those without.

Discussion

Walking and sitting time have drastically changed during the stay-at-home lockdown, decreasing and increasing, respectively. Given results from studies focusing on lockdowns without the stay-at-home restriction, it may be assumed that letting people go outside is crucial in keeping them more active and less sedentary. Authorities should take into account the effect the stay-at-home order may have on PA and sedentary behavior and as a result, on health. Stay-at-home orders should be the last considered restriction, given its detrimental consequences.
Impervious surface and local abiotic conditions influence arthropod communities within urban greenspaces
Authors: Maher Garrett M. , Johnson Graham A. , Burdine Justin D.
Published: January 2022

The abundance of arthropods is declining globally, and human-modification of natural habitat is a primary driver of these declines. Arthropod declines are concerning because arthropods mediate critical ecosystem functions, and sustained declines may lead to cascading trophic effects. There is growing evidence that properly managed urban environments can provide refugium to arthropods, but few cities have examined arthropods within urban greenspaces to evaluate their management efforts. In this study, we surveyed arthropod communities within a medium-sized, growing city. We investigated arthropod communities (abundance, richness, diversity, community composition) within 16 urban greenspaces across metropolitan Grand Rapids, Michigan (USA). We focused our efforts on urban gardens and pocket prairies, and measured environmental variables at each site. We collected 5,468 individual arthropods that spanned 14 taxonomic orders and 66 morphospecies. The results showed that community composition was influenced by impervious surface, white flower abundance, and humidity. Total arthropod abundance and diversity were positively associated with humidity. For specific orders, Hymenoptera (bees, ants, wasps) abundance was negatively associated with temperature, and positively associated with site perimeter-area ratio. Hemiptera (true bugs) were negatively associated with impervious surface and positively associated with humidity. These findings show that impervious surfaces impact arthropod communities, but many of the observed changes were driven by local abiotic conditions like temperature and humidity. This suggests that management decisions within urban greenspaces are important in determining the structure of arthropod communities. Future studies on arthropods in cities should determine whether manipulating the abiotic conditions of urban greenspaces influences the composition of arthropod communities. These results should inform city planners and homeowners of the need to properly manage urban greenspaces in cities to maintain diverse arthropod assemblages.
Characterization of transcriptional landscape in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells treated with aspirin by RNA-seq
Authors: Liu Xinpeng , Zhan Yuanbo , Xu Wenxia , Liu Lixue , Liu Xiaoyao , Da Junlong , Zhang Kai , Zhang Xinjian , Wang Jianqun , Liu Ziqi , Jin Han , Zhang Bin , Li Ying
Published: January 2022

Introduction

Aspirin is a common antipyretic, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory drug, which has been reported to extend life in animal models and application in the treatment of aging-related diseases. However, it remains unclear about the effects of aspirin on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs). Here, we aimed to analyze the influence of aspirin on senescence and young BM-MSCs.

Methods

BM-MSCs were serially passaged to construct a replicative senescence model. SA-β-gal staining, PCR, western blot, and RNA-sequencing were performed on BM-MSCs with or without aspirin treatment, to examine aspirin’s impact on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.

Results

SA-β-gal staining, PCR, and western blot revealed that aspirin could alleviate the cellular expression of senescence-related indicators of BM-MSCs, including a decrease of SA-β-gal-positive cells and staining intensity, and downregulation of p16, p21, and p53 expression after aspirin treatment. RNA-sequencing results shown in the biological processes related to aging, aspirin could influence cellular immune response and lipid metabolism.

Conclusion

The efficacy of aspirin for retarding senescence of BM-MSCs was demonstrated. Our study indicated that the mechanisms of this delay might involve influencing immune response and lipid metabolism.
A concepção da morte na filosofia cristã
Authors: Marques Costa Roberto
Published: January 2022

A reflexão do artigo é elaborada a partir do método crítico hipotético dedutivo. É uma pesquisa bibliográfica básica, estratégica, descritiva e qualitativa que tem como escopo analisar criticamente os resultados sobre a problemática da morte na perspectiva da filosofia existencialista cristã. A credibilidade do artigo se pauta na asserção de que a morte é, sem duvidas, um objeto de pesquisa de grande relevância para o conhecimento cientifico, porque ela é inerente e indissociável à existência humana. No existencialismo cristão, a morte é compreendida como o fim de tudo, mas o fim entendido como meta alcançada e início de uma nova vida. Como diz Leonardo Boff: “a morte é o lugar do verdadeiro nascimento do homem” visto que toda morte recorda um nascimento. A morte, portanto, não é a aniquilação e a redução do ser humano ao nada absoluto, mas a transformação de todo o seu ser. A fonte da pesquisa é secundária e fundamentada na ideia de pensadores que refletiram sobre a morte não do ponto vista filosófico-niilista, e sim que fizeram uma reflexão a partir da filosofia transcendental.
O direito à cidade: da transcendência à imanência. Uma relação de confronto entre cidade e natureza
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Ramos Valeria do Carmo , Pereira Paula Cristina
Published: January 2022

Partindo da ideia de direito à cidade de Henri Lefebvre, pretendemos perspetivála de modo a identificar alguns dos problemas que a geraram e a evidenciar como persistem na atualidade. Num segundo momento, procuraremos equacionar a ideia de direito à cidade numa articulação entre transcendência e imanência, tendo como propósito problematizar a impreterível realidade contemporânea, a do Antropoceno; e sugerir, como estratégia, a afirmação de uma outra variante da ética da responsabilidade. Finalmente, na senda de Baruch Spinoza, procuraremos compreender em que sentido a vida exige, hoje, uma composição, uma relação, essencialmente outra, entre natureza e cidade.
Analytical study on the behavior of spirally welded steel columns
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering Guindy, Anna University, Chennai (India), K M Bharathi , Helena H Jane ,   Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering Guindy, Anna University, Chennai (India)
Published: January 2022

Spirally welded tube (SWT) members are predominantly used for offshore oil and gas transportation in the pipeline industry. The use of SWTs in construction is gaining attention with emerging and qualitative research. SWT columns have no parametric limitation in manufacturing. However, no specific research is available for the influence of helix angle in SWT columns as structural member. This investigation stresses on understanding the behavior of SWT columns with different helix angles. Seventy-two finite element (FE) models of SWT columns have been analyzed to study the influence of length to diameter (L/D) ratio, diameter to thickness (D/t) ratio and helix angle on the load-carrying capacity. Test results of two SWT columns available in the literature are used for validating the developed FE model. In addition, the capacity of the columns based on standard codes is computed and compared with the FE results. All the columns are axially compressed and the buckling and post-buckling behavior are simulated. Initial stiffness and ductility index of the columns are discussed. Helix angle between 40° to 50° are found to show the best results.