bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH PENGETAHUAN INVESTASI, MODAL INVESTASI, DAN MOTIVASI TERHADAP MINAT INVESTASI DI ERA GEN Z
Authors: Putri Afli Aurora , Aswat Ibnu , Astarani Juanda
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengetahuan investasi,modal investasi,dan motivasi investasi terhadap minat berinvestasi Generasi Z.Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode purposive sampling dengan 100 sampel Generasi Z.Dalam penelitian ini,Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan regresi linear berganda melalui program SPSS Windows Versi 27.Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan investasi,modal investasi,dan motivasi investasi secara signifikan berpengaruh terhadap minat berinvestasi pada generasi z.Pemahaman dasar mengenai penelitian ini adalah pentingnya meningkatkan pengetahuan investasi,ketersediaan modal dan motivasi investasi dapat menjadi kunci dalam mendorong generasi Z untuk memulai berinvestasi dipasar keuangan.
From the Svedberg ultracentrifuge to the physics of the rotating carbon nanotube
Authors:   Department of Physical Electronics and Laboratory of Plasma physics Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic, Pardy Miroslav
Published: October 2024

The classical and the quantum motion of a massive particle in the rotating carbon nanotube is considered. Photon is included. The spin motion described by the Bargmann-Michel-Telegdi equation is considered in the rotation tube and rotating system. The future crucial problem is the Lamm equation in the rotating Carbon nanotube.
Pedagogical Conditions for Forming Emotional Intelligence in Future Musical Art Master in the Process of Instrumental Training
Authors:   Dragomanov Ukrainian State University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Hozhelnyk Iryna
Published: October 2024

Тhe article is devoted to determining the peculiarities of the process of forming the emotional intelligence in a future master of musical art in the process of instrumental training. In a world emotional intelligence is heralded as a cornerstone of personal and professional success. Historically, EQ assessments have been the realm of human-to-human interaction, relying on nuanced perceptions and experiences to judge one’s ability to manage emotions, both their own and others’. The most important type of soft skills is emotional intelligence since it constitutes a pivotal part of our lives. In this way three pedagogical conditions are considered and substantiated, which are the basis of the strategy of forming emotional intelligence in a future musical art master. The first pedagogical condition is the activation of students; polymotivation to emotional interaction in the process of instrumental training. The second pedagogical condition is the creating an artistic communicative and reflective environment as a means of conscious regulation of the emotional field in the process of instrumental training of future musical art masters. The third pedagogical condition is the introduction of training technologies for teachers and students. Presented the ways of forming emotional intelligence in the professional preparation of future musical art master’s, namely: activation of future master’s motivation for emotional interaction in the process of professional preparation; creation of appropriate artistic educational environment; active creative process of development in the future musical art master’s emotional intelligence through introduction of training technologies, etc.
From Foucault pendulum to LHC on the rotating Earth
Authors:   Department of Physical Electronics, and The Laboratory of the Plasma Physics, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic, Pardy Miroslav
Published: October 2024

The Lagrange theory of particle motion in the noninertial systems is applied to the Foucault pendulum, isosceles triangle pendulum and the general triangle pendulum swinging on the rotating Earth. As an analogue, planet orbiting in the rotating galaxy is considered as the the giant galactic gyroscope. The Lorentz equation and the Bargmann-Michel-Telegdi equations are generalized for the rotation system. The knowledge of these equations is inevitable for the construction of LHC where each orbital proton "feels" the Coriolis force caused by the rotation of the Earth.
The Sommerfeld theory with the Uehling potential
Authors:   Department of Physical Electronics, and The Laboratory of the Plasma Physics, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic, Pardy Miroslav
Published: October 2024

The Uehling potential is the one-loop radiative correction to the photon propagator. The correction can be graphically represented by the Feynman diagram of the second order. The physical meaning of this diagram is the process Y-> (e- + e+) -> Y , where Y is denotation for photon, and e-, e+ is the electron-positron pair. It means that photon can exist in the intermediate state with e+, e- being virtual particles. Then, the Coulomb potential with radiative corrections can be inserted in the Sommerfeld quantum equation in order to find the Sommerfeld energy.
The Fountain of the Naiads in the movie "Roman Holiday"(1953, USA)
Authors:   Academy of Labour, Social Relations and Tourism, Kyiv, Ukraine, Pet'ko Lyudmila
Published: October 2024

The author develops the process of forming professionally oriented foreign language educational space in the university conditions through the prism of the film "Roman Holiday" (1953, USA), in this way focused attention on studying foreign language in higher school. This paper describes the Fountain of the Naiads located on the Republic Square in Rome. Remembered a movie Roman Holiday (1953) filmed entirely in Rome, becoming one of the first American films to be made in Italy. It is worth visiting the square, Rome, and indeed Italy that just to enjoy the architecture of the fountain. Presented the Naiads in Greek and Roman Mythology, Ovid’s The Metamorphoses, Homer's The Odyssey, the tale of Echo and Narcissus as one of the most famous in all of classical mythology and Narcissistic Personality Disorder. Shown Naiads in Art and Music by composer Sibelius.
Enhancing disaster management through multi-objective water wave optimization for medical supplies storage and distribution
Authors: Guerrero Bethsy , Quintero M. Christian G. , Viloria-Núñez César , Jimeno Paba Miguel Ángel
Published: October 2024

This paper conducts a comparative analysis of advanced methodologies aimed at addressing the intricate task of scheduling medical supplies in both civilian and military sectors for epidemic prevention and control. This study introduces a multi-objective water wave optimization (MOWWO) algorithm and enhance its efficacy by incorporating a dynamically adjusted component to the metaheuristic approach (DAMOWWO). The primary goal of this research is to assess the proposed approach in contrast to established state of the art methods with similar objectives. The aim of this study is to optimize multiple aspects simultaneously, including the overall satisfaction rates of medical supply delivery and the reduction of scheduling costs, while ensuring a minimum military supply reservation ratio. This paper offers a comprehensive evaluation of the MOOW algorithm, emphasizing its potential applications in emergency response scenarios.
Rebirth of Ceramic Art in The Digital Age: Transformation Journey from 3D Modeling to NFT
Authors: Bebek Ozan , Canduran Kaan
Published: October 2024

This research paper thoroughly addresses the processes of digitizing ceramic art and offering it as Non-fungible Tokens (NFTs) for sale. It examines the effects of transitioning from traditional ceramic molding methods to modern 3D printing and Stereolithography (SLA) technologies on the digital transfer of ceramic works. A case study on the use of porcelain highlights thanks to white color the impact of material choice on aesthetics and functionality. The rise of digitalization and NFTs introduces new mechanisms for preserving the originality and ownership rights of works, while also discussing the technical challenges and ethical issues this process entails. The article evaluates the place and future of ceramic art in the digital age from both technical and cultural perspectives. Our research posits that the digitization of ceramic works opens new avenues for the preservation, dissemination, and commerce of art, and that this process could have profound effects on the future of ceramic art. This process attempts to determine how ceramic works gain presence in the digital realm and their position in the NFT market. However, this study is one of the first to cover the entire process of ceramic art digitization and to address stage with academic rigor. The process from the creation of the work to its digitization, NFT registration, and sale, is detailed in this study. Our work demonstrates that the process of digitizing ceramic art and offering it as NFTs can have significant impacts on the future of art. It sheds light on the future of ceramic art by presenting both the opportunities brought by digitalization and the challenges encountered, as well as potential solutions. Furthermore, it emphasizes the importance and potential of ceramic art in the digital age and aims to fill the gaps in this field.
Cloning and Expression of Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone to Develop an Immunological-based Sterilization Vaccine
Authors:   Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran., Javidi Mozhan , Gholami Alireza ,   R&D Department, Research and Production Complex, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran., Maghami Parvaneh ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Published: October 2024

Background: Gonadotropin hormone-releasing hormone (GnRH) is a peptide involved in mammals’ fertility and may also serve as a candidate target for cancer immunotherapy. Immunonsterilization is known as a proper alternative to surgical castration and has been advocated by European countries in recent years. Immunization with GnRH can effectively inhibit the secretion of gonadotropins and cause infertility in both genders of mammals. In this study, a recombinant trimer of GnRH is designed and expressed in a prokaryotic system. Materials and Methods: A construct containing GnRH trimer was designed and prepared using gene synthesis. A cloning site was embedded and connected to the GnRH using a linker to further clone any protein of interest. The construct was subcloned into a pET-32a+ plasmid vector. The recombinant vector was transferred to BL21, an Escherichia coli strain, and the expression was induced using isopropyl β- d-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG). The cell lysate was prepared using lysis buffer and nickel affinity chromatography purification. The GnRH expression was evaluated using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis after protein purification. Results: The cloning was verified using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by sequencing the recombinant vector. The result of the sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis verified the recombinant protein’s expression and the purification process’s function. Conclusion: The GnRH was properly cloned and expressed in BL21. The results also verified the reliability of the purification process. The construct design allows the researchers to express another peptide sequence attached to the GnRH using the embedded linker to improve the stability and antigenicity. A stable recombinant GnRH would be applied in immunocastration and cancer immunotherapies.
Investigating the Role of Dietary Melatonin Supplementation in Ameliorating Pulmonary Hypertension Syndrome in Cold-stressed Broiler Chickens
Authors:   Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran., Bahadoran Shahab , Adinehvand Saeed ,   Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran., Hassanpour Hossein ,   Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran., Mohebbi Abdonnaser ,   Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran.
Published: October 2024

Background: Melatonin, an endogenously produced indoleamine, is a highly effective antioxidant and free radical scavenger. This study investigates the potential antioxidant effects of melatonin in birds exposed to conditions promoting pulmonary hypertension syndrome (PHS) under cold stress. Materials and Methods: Two groups of birds were offered different concentrations of melatonin (0.2% and 0.4%), while a control group received no melatonin treatment. Serum and cardiac tissue samples were collected to evaluate glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) activities and the relative expression of GPX and SOD1 genes. Results: The results showed a significant decrease in the right ventricular to total ventricular weight ratio in the melatonin 0.4% supplemented group compared to the control. Melatonin supplementation at 0.2% and 0.4% levels led to lower levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the serum and heart compared to the control group, indicating reduced lipid peroxidation. Both melatonin groups exhibited increased serum/cardiac (GPX) activities compared to the control group; however, the serum SOD1 activity was only increased in the melatonin 0.4% group of birds compared to the control group. Furthermore, the melatonin-0.2% and -0.4% groups displayed decreased relative gene expression of GPX and SOD1 compared to the control group. Conclusion: Melatonin, especially with a dose of 0.4%, when used as an antioxidant agent, can be beneficial in reducing the severity of PHS and heart right ventricular failure in birds.
Investigating Local Delivery of Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Extracellular Vesicles for Treatment-resistant Periodontitis: A Hypothesis
Authors:   Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Farshadianpour Koosha , Kiani Kiarash ,   Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran., Saligheh Rad Mona ,   Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran., Norooznezhad Maryam ,   Department of Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Published: October 2024

Background: One of the main reasons for tooth loss and functional incompatibility of dentition is periodontitis which is a multi-factorial disease. Among the main reasons for periodontitis is inflammation. Hypothesis: Some keystone bacteria, such as Prophyromonas gingivalis with a notable number of virulence factors could activate and modify inflammatory pathways in gingiva. A well-established therapy for this disease is topical antibiotics; however, these treatments have side effects and could promote antibiotic-resistant infections as well. Such antibiotic-resistant infections are a group of periodontitis with a severely complicated treatment approach that could fail. Thus, new strategies need to be developed for treatment-resistant (antibiotic-resistant) periodontitis. In the past decades, many randomized controlled clinical trials have shown that mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) could treat inflammatory-dependent diseases or disorders. In addition to MSCs, the anti-inflammatory effects of their extracellular vesicles (EVs) have also been studied in the clinic. Results: Considering the anti-inflammatory potential of MSCs-derived EVs, it could be hypothesized that local delivery of these EVs could be an effective method for periodontal treatment due to the accessible location of the periodontium. Conclusion: This study suggests further in vivo studies and randomized clinical trials on the potential effects of MSCs-derived EVs on periodontal disease treatment.
Reviewing Advances in Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment: From Disease-modifying Antirheumatic Drugs to Innovative Drug Delivery Systems
Authors:   Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran., Ghazanfari Mohammad Reza , Sepehrnia Saeed ,   Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
Published: October 2024

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammatory processes that result in joint swelling, inflammation, and the onset of pain. This discomfort and pathological condition exhibit a gradual rise in scale and become more intense. Even though pharmacotherapy like disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and biologics has improved, there is still a need for more focused treatments that cause less harm. This study examines how treatments for RA have changed over time, focusing on the shift from traditional medicines to new, creative ways to combine medicine with immune-engineering therapies. DMARDs are still the most common way to treat RA. On the other hand, biologics and Janus kinase inhibitors are options for people who do not react to their first medications. The development of nanomedicines and hydrogels is an exciting new area of study because they make it possible for more precise spread and less overall toxicity of the medicine. The early research suggests that these innovative approaches could greatly improve the effectiveness of therapy by delivering drugs directly to the site of inflammation while also reducing the severity of any side effects that might occur. RA care is quickly expanding beyond the traditional use of drugs to include more modern ways of managing medications and also personalized healing methods.
In Vitro Evaluation of the Long-term Immune Status of Razi-Cov-Pars Vaccine
Authors:   Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran., Alawadi Zinah , Banihashemi Reza ,   Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran., Hassan Zuhair M. ,   Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran., Ebtekar Massoumeh ,   Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Published: October 2024

Background: The Razi-Cov-Pars vaccine, a recombinant protein vaccine developed in Iran, has undergone evaluation in three dosage strengths across three clinical trial phases. In phase I, volunteers received one of three dosages (5, 10, and 20 μg) corresponding to low, medium, and high strengths. Materials and Methods: This study assessed the long-term in vitro immune status of the Razi-Cov-Pars vaccine by transferring lymphocyte supernatants (SN) from individuals vaccinated for 8 months to lymphocytes from individuals vaccinated for 16 months and non-vaccinated healthy individuals. Immunological parameters were evaluated using the 3-(4, 5-dimethyl thiazolyl-2)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay for stimulation index and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for interleukin 10, transforming growth factor-ß (TGF-ß) and TGF-α levels. Results: The findings revealed that lymphocyte SN from individuals vaccinated for 8 months significantly enhanced the proliferation of lymphocytes from individuals vaccinated for 16 months with the licensed 10 μg strength vaccine. This suggests that the Razi-Cov-Pars vaccine may have long-term effects on lymphocyte proliferation and immune response. Notably, there was a significant increase in TGF-α levels across all vaccine strengths, hinting at the potential role of TGF-α in long-term immune processes following vaccination with Razi-Cov-Pars. Additionally, there was a marked increase in interleukin-10 levels in all vaccinated groups, indicating active pro-inflammatory elements in the SN. TGF-β expression significantly increased in the high-strength vaccine group, whereas no notable difference was observed in the low and medium-strength groups. Conclusion: We detected a significant stimulation in the lymphocytes isolated from vaccinated individuals after 16 months by measurement of proliferative potential and cytokine gene expression thereby assessing the long-term effect of the vaccine.
Investigating the Bidirectional Influence of Genetic Damage, Genetic Repair Mechanisms and Inflammation in Lung Injuries
Authors:   Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran., Mojtahed Marzieh , Nasiri Leila ,   Department of Health Equity, Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran., Hassanpour Hossein ,   Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran., Rashidi Azadeh ,   Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran., Jamali Tahereh ,   Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
Published: October 2024

The respiratory system is continually exposed to various harmful agents, which is why DNA repair is required. This comprises injury, inflammation, and other contents that are toxic and can cause damage to its genes. To eliminate the impact of DNA damage and restore cellular function, three pathways of repair are induced as follows: base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair (NER), and double-strand break pathway. However, such healing responses can be downregulated by long-term or severe injuries resulting in decreased recovery ability and predisposition to various diseases, such as lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and fibrosis of the lungs. The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during inflammation alters DNA and damages tissues. Despite this, inflammation will affect the initiation of tissue repair as well as DNA damage through the creation of ROS in this intricate process that occurs partly through innate immune responses and cytokine signaling. Cytotoxic processes hamper these fixing pathways of damaged genetic materials by inhibiting enzymes involved in DNA reparations and genes linked to repairs, thereby enhancing the risks of mutagenesis, carcinogenesis, and progressive diseases. Hence, the relationship between DNA repair and inflammatory reactions is crucial for lung health. It plays a major role in the pathophysiology of illnesses, such as cancer, COPD, fibrosis, and asthma. Inflammation and DNA damage are positively associated because they form a positive feedback loop that promotes disease and tissue pathology progression. DNA injury activates inflammation because immune cells are attracted to the site of injury, which in turn produces more oxidant molecules damaging the DNA. The evaluation of this relationship may help find approaches for reducing DNA damage, protecting genomic integrity, and preventing the progression of respiratory diseases.
Investigating the Immune Dysregulation in Long COVID-19
Authors:   Immunoregulation Research Center , Shahed University, Tehran, Iran, Ghazanfari Tooba
Published: October 2024

The long COVID-19 syndrome is a complex clinical state that lasts for several months and extends beyond the initial acute infectious phase. More than 200 known symptoms impact two or more organ systems. The most common symptoms include arthralgia, weakness, exhaustion, low effort tolerance, cognitive impairment, poor focus, palpitations, and chest pain. Approximately 65 million people globally are affected by long coronavirus disease (COVID-19), calculated from a conservative estimate of 10% of infected individuals and over 651 million officially recorded COVID-19 cases globally. The actual number is likely much greater because of numerous unregistered cases. The estimated incidence is 10% to 30% for non-hospitalized cases, 50% to 70% for hospitalized cases, and 10% to 12% for vaccinated cases.
Vibrations Control of a SODF Structure Using TMD and MR Damper with Fuzzy Logic Algorithm Based on Velocity
Authors: Bathaei Akbar , Tehrani Sasan Mostaghimi , Dehkordi Morteza Raissi
Published: October 2024

In this study, the effects of using a passive tuned mass damper (TMD) with optimal parameters and a semi-active magnetorheological damper (MR damper) have been evaluated separately and simultaneously to control seismic vibrations of a linear single degree of freedom system, which was a simple "mass-spring-damper" model. OpenSEES software was used to model the single degree of freedom system and TMD, and MATLAB software was used to model MR damper. Fuzzy logic algorithm was used by MATLAB to determine the appropriate voltage for MR damper. By solving the dynamic equation of the damper, its force was calculated and this force was applied to the single degree of freedom system by OpenSEES. In the following, incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) has been performed using 7 earthquake records with maximum acceleration of 0.1g to1.0g with incremental step of 0.1g. Earthquakes are applied to four models without dampers, equipped with optimized TMD, equipped with MR damper, and equipped with both TMD and MR damper. The results showed that the simultaneous use of TMD and MR damper had the greatest effect on controlling the vibration of the system and reduced the maximum displacement by 22.36% and the maximum base shear by 21.85% compared to the case without dampers. Also, using only MR damper had a greater effect than using only TMD on reducing the seismic responses of the single degree of freedom system.
La magnitud del reforzamiento correlacionado con la respuesta determina la inclinación del gradiente de demora
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Bruner Carlos A. , Feregrino Edith ,   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Flores R. Andrea ,   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Published: October 2024

En un estudio anterior mostramos que la acumulación de comida en ratas es una función creciente de alargar la demora entre las respuestas de procuración y de obtención de comida. En el Experi-mento 1 de este trabajo se eliminó la respuesta de obtención y la comida acumulada se entregó en una sola emisión con una demora de 0, 1, 4, 16, 32 s tras las respuestas de procuración. Eliminar la respuesta de obtención no afectó la función de acumulación, mostrando que este procedimiento sólo difiere de una situación típica de demora en la alta magnitud de reforzamiento correlacionado con la respuesta. En el Experimento 2 se intentó relacionar el procedimiento de acumulación con el clásico de demora, con baja magnitud de reforzamiento. Usando las mismas demoras, la magnitud de reforzamiento se disminuyó gradualmente con programas de razón al azar (RA) de 2, 4, 8, 16. Manteniendo constante la correlación entre respuestas y reforzadores, aumentar la RA cambió gradualmente la inclinación del gradiente de uno creciente a uno decreciente. Estos resultados muestran que la acumulación de comida en ratas se reduce a un caso de demora con una alta magnitud de reforzamiento correlacionado con la respuesta.
Análise dos efeitos de variáveis históricas sobre o seguimento de regra discrepante
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Pará, Albuquerque Luiz Carlos de , Paracampo Carla Cristina Paiva ,   Universidade Federal do Pará, Allan Sylvio ,   Universidade Federal do Pará
Published: October 2024

Investigando os efeitos de uma história prolongada do seguimento de regra correspondente, reforçado intermitentemente e exposto à mudança nas contingências programadas, sobre o seguimento de regra discrepante, quatro estudantes universitários foram expostos a um procedimento de escolha segundo o modelo. A tarefa era apontar para os três estímulos de comparação em sequência. Na Fase 1, nenhuma sequência era instruída ou reforçada. Na Fase 2, inicialmente a regra correspondente era apresentada e a sequência correta era reforçada até serem concedidos 16 pontos. Depois, a sequência correta deixava de ser reforçada (extinção) durante 80 tentativas. Em seguida, a regra correspondente era reintroduzida e a sequência correta voltava a ser reforçada até a concessão de mais 300 pontos, quando a Fase 2 era encerrada. A Fase 3, iniciada com a regra discrepante, era encerrada após a concessão de 20 pontos ou após 240 tentativas, o que ocorresse primeiro. Todos os quatro participantes seguiram as regras. Tais resultados, em conjunto com os resultados de estudos similares, sugerem que variáveis combinadas como: esquema de reforço, extensão da história de reforço, consequências imediatas, justificativas do Tipo 2, as histórias de independência e de dependência do comportamento às suas consequências imediatas, podem interferir no seguimento subsequente de regras discrepantes.
Efeitos de diferentes tipos de treino de correspondência na manutenção de autorrelatos correspondentes de crianças
Authors:   Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Cortez Mariéle Diniz ,   Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia sobre Comportamento, Cognição e Ensino, Miguel Caio F. ,   California State University, de Rose Julio C. ,   Universidade Federal de São Carlos,   Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia sobre Comportamento, Cognição e Ensino
Published: October 2024

A tecnologia comportamental utilizada para estabelecer a relação entre comportamento verbal e não-verbal tem sido denominada treino de correspondência. O presente estudo avaliou os efeitos de três diferentes tipos de treino de correspondência na manutenção de relatos correspondentes de crianças ao longo do tempo. Fazer consistiu em ler em voz alta uma palavra apresentada na tela do computador e dizer em relatar sobre a acurácia da resposta textual após o feedback do computador. Após as sessões de Avaliação da Correspondência do Relato (ACR), em que se manipulou a probabilidade de erros, os participantes foram distribuídos entre os tipos de treino. Quatro foram expostos ao Treino A (reforçamento contínuo), três ao Treino B (reforçamento contínuo e intermitente com instruções) e os restantes foram expostos ao Treino C (reforçamento contínuo e intermitente sem instruções). Depois de atingido o critério de treino, os participantes foram novamente expostos a sessões de ACR. Sessões de manutenção foram conduzidas 30 e 60 dias após o término do experimento. Os três treinos implementados, independentemente dos parâmetros ma-nipulados, foram eficazes em produzir e manter relatos correspondentes para sete participantes. Baixos níveis de correspondência durante as sessões iniciais (ACR) pareceram predizer baixos níveis de manutenção ao longo do tempo.
La gestion des comportements d’élèves en salle de classe en fonction du type de programme de renforcement social utilisé par une enseignante
Authors:   Université du Québec à Montréal, Montigny Caroline , Forget Jacques ,   Université du Québec à Montréal, Caron Pier-Olivier ,   Université du Québec à Montréal, Valois Philippe ,   Université du Québec à Montréal, Leroux-Boudreault Ariane ,   Université du Québec à Montréal
Published: October 2024

Dans le domaine de l’analyse expérimentale du comportement, la relation entre un comportement et ses conséquences est traditionnellement analysée selon le concept de programmes de renforcement (Ferster & Skinner, 1957). Cependant, dans le domaine de l’analyse appliquée, ce type d’analyse se rencontre peu souvent. Cette rareté s’explique en grande partie par le fait que depuis les années 90, l’analyse fonctionnelle analogue d’Iwata et al. (1994) est devenue la procédure dominante. Forget et ses collègues (1987 ; Duval & Forget, 2005 ; Leroux-Boudreault, Forget et Caron, 2014), adoptant la première approche, étudient les relations entre le comportement d’enfants et l’attention sociale qu’ils reçoivent de leur environnement immédiat selon trois programmes de renforcement : à pro-portion variable, à intervalle variable et concurrent. Cependant, la plupart de ces études comportent une limite, soit celle de ne pas valider les hypothèses générées par cette analyse par l’intermédiaire d’interventions. La présente étude vise à vérifier la pertinence éducative et inductive d’un tel proto-cole. L’étude est réalisée auprès de deux élèves du primaire et leur enseignante. Les enfants ont un faible taux d’attention à la tâche, mais ne présentent aucun diagnostic psychologique. Les résultats de l’analyse fonctionnelle montrent que les comportements de Pier sont corrélés avec une distribu-tion de l’attention de son enseignante qui correspond à un programme concurrent et à un programme à proportion variable, tandis que les comportements de Jeff sont corrélés avec un programme à in-tervalle variable. Une stratégie d’attention sélective de l’attention est alors mise en place en salle de classe en fonction des données obtenues à la suite de l’analyse fonctionnelle. Les résultats montrent que les participants augmentent leur taux d’attention à la tâche.
Uma abordagem selecionista da língua: Práticas de reforçamento e macrocontingência
Authors:   Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Gonçalves Neto José Umbelino , Garcia Christian David Pineda ,   Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Valderlon Yan ,   Universidade Federal do Pará
Published: October 2024

Na teoria saussuriana, a língua é entendida como um sistema de signos, cujas unidades e regras seriam convencionadas e depositadas na mente de cada falante. Em contraponto a esta visão teórica, revisamos as considerações de Skinner sobre a noção de língua, definida como práticas de reforçamento da comunidade verbal, e complementamos propondo que a língua pode ser en-tendida como uma macrocontingência, a partir da qual sua gramática é produzida como efeito cumulativo. O que linguistas e gramáticos descrevem é a estrutura desse efeito cumulativo, i. e., observam múltiplos exemplares de linhagens operantes verbais na cultura e abstraem suas carac-terísticas topográficas comuns e as regras seguidas pela comunidade verbal. O produto dessas descrições é o compêndio de gramática, usado em práticas culturais escolares. A gramática esco-lar descreve quais topografias de respostas verbais atingem o critério de reforçamento definido como correto pela comunidade verbal (de literatos e acadêmicos). Conclui-se que tal descrição comportamental é útil ao destacar que língua e gramática são produtos de interações sociais em processos de variação e seleção cultural, com implicações ao planejamento de procedimentos de ensino que assegurem linhagens operantes verbais com topografias específicas, mas que ampliem a variabilidade comportamental e facilitem a aprendizagem.
Examining the Competences of Prospective Mathematics Teachers at Some State Islamic Universities in Sumatra
Authors: Eliza Rivdya , Utami Nita Putri , Wahid Rahmatul
Published: October 2024

Prospective teachers face complex 21st-century challenges. Therefore, prospective mathematics teachers must master several competencies to support students in acquiring and applying knowledge, collaborating with others, and developing as individuals. The purpose of this study was to measure the pedagogical, social, professional, and personality competencies of mathematics education students at the state Islamic universities in Central Sumatra region. This study used a questionnaire on the pedagogical, social, professional, and personality competencies of prospective teachers filled out by 211 students as respondents from 5 state Islamic universities. The findings of the study indicate that mathematics education students at these universities have good pedagogical and social competencies, including lesson planning, assessment, communication, and collaboration, along with solid professional competencies in subject knowledge and material development. While their personality competencies are considered very good because of their ethical behavior and strong work ethic. The universities should still improve 21st-century competencies of students in the curriculum through innovative teaching, internships, social engagement, emotional intelligence workshops, and practical training to improve their competencies and readiness for effective classroom engagement. Further research can assess its effectiveness.
Miedo a la infección y estado de inmunización entre el personal de enfermería en el contexto de la pandemia por COVID-19 en México
Authors: González-Soto Cinthia Elizabeth , Cárdenas-Rodríguez Maritza Lizeth
Published: October 2024

Introducción: El miedo es una respuesta común ante la crisis. En el personal de enfermería este miedo fue detonado por la enfermedad COVID-19. El sentimiento de miedo podría estar influido por el estado de inmunización de los enfermeros. Objetivo: Determinar el nivel de miedo al contagio por la COVID-19 entre el personal de enfermería de hospitales públicos y su asociación con el estado actual de vacunación. Métodos: Estudio transversal realizado en 129 enfermeros mexicanos trabajadores de hospitales públicos. Se utilizó como instrumento el Fear of COVID-19 Scale. Los datos fueron analizados para buscar correlaciones con el coeficiente de Spearman para las variables numéricas y con Chi-cuadrado para variables categóricas. Resultados: El miedo ante la COVID-19 no se encontró asociado con la condición de inmunización de los enfermeros, sin embargo, sí se encuentra asociado con la muerte de un ser querido y a las de personas con quien vive o comparte su hogar. Conclusión: Existe presencia de miedo ante la COVID-19 entre los enfermeros mexicanos que laboran en hospitales públicos, independientemente del área donde se desenvuelvan.
 
Fecha de recepción: 12/09/2023
Aceptación de originales: 23/04/2024
Стационарная задача о взаимодействии цилиндрической волны с сегментом оболочки, расположенной в грунте, на основании метода компенсирующих нагрузок
Authors:   ФГБОУ ВО «Московский авиационный институт (национальный исследовательский университет)», Москва, Россия, Локтева Н. А. , Дай В. В. ,   Технический университет Ле Куи Дона, Ханой, Социалистическая республика Вьетнам
Published: October 2024

В данной статье представлен подход к решению связанных задач о взаимодействии волны в грунте с преградой, где в качестве преграды используется сегмент цилиндрической оболочки. Движение грунта моделировалось с помощью модели упругой среды, в качестве модели преграды была взята оболочка Кирхгофа-Лява. Рассматривается бесконечный вдоль собственной оси цилиндр. В ходе решения было рассмотрено движение грунта, найдены поверхностные функции влияния для него, а также перемещения и напряжения в набегающей гармонической цилиндрической волне, которая непосредственно воздействовала на преграду. Так как наиболее эффективными вибропоглощающими свойствами обладают ветрозащитные экраны, имеющие ту же форму что и набегающая волна, то в качестве преграды рассматривался сегмент цилиндра. В качестве условий контакта бралось равенство перемещений среды и преграды. Основной задачей являлось определение перемещений в любой точке грунта после прохождений волной преграды. Одной из проблем при решении подобного класса задач является нахождение аналитического решения для условий закрепления вибропоглощающей преграды, отличных от шарнирных. Для решения данной проблемы применялся метод компенсирующих нагрузок, позволяющий обеспечить выполнение любых граничных условий, соответствующих различным реальным способам закрепления вибропоглощающих экранов. Таким образом, решение поставленной задачи было разбито на три этапа. На первом этапе задавалось движение цилиндрической оболочки под воздействием цилиндрической гармонической волны. На втором этапе изучалось движение упругой среды и цилиндрической волны, индуцированной в ней. Далее решалась связанная задача о взаимодействии волны и преграды в упругой среде. Решение было получено для полной цилиндрической оболочки. После чего были определены функции влияния перемещений и на основании метода компенсирующих нагрузок в точках цилиндра, соответствующих границам вибропоглощающего экрана, было обеспечено выполнение граничных условий. В качестве примера были рассмотрены граничные условия, соответствующие жесткой заделке.
Колебания сэндвич-пластины в температурном поле при кольцевой резонансной нагрузке
Authors:   Белорусский государственный университет транспорта, Гомель, Беларусь, Старовойтов Э. И. , Леоненко Д. В. ,   Белорусский государственный университет транспорта, Гомель, Беларусь
Published: October 2024

Исследованы резонансные колебания круговой симметричной по толщине трехслойной сэндвич-пластины под действием осесимметричной гармонической кольцевой нагрузки. Для тонких несущих слоев принимаются классические гипотезы Кирхгофа, согласно которым деформированная нормаль к срединной поверхности слоя несжимаема, остается прямолинейной и перпендикулярной к ней. Заполнитель считается легким, более толстым. При его деформировании нормаль также остается несжимаемой и прямолинейной, но перестает быть перпендикулярной срединной поверхности, т.е. подчиняется гипотезе Тимошенко. Температура пластины предполагается однородной и изменяющейся вместе с температурой окружающей среды. Учтено ее влияние на упругие параметры материалов слоев. Использована общая система дифференциальных уравнений поперечных изотермических колебаний несимметричной по толщине круглой трехслойной пластины, которая справедлива и в рассматриваемом случае. Для исследуемой сэндвич-пластины она упрощается и сводится к двум уравнениям относительно прогиба пластины и дополнительного сдвига в заполнителе. В качестве граничных условий рассмотрены защемление и шарнирное опирание контура. Начальные условия движения приняты однородными. Использована ограниченность решения в центре пластины. Решение начально-краевой задачи для сэндвич-пластины получено с помощью разложения искомых прогиба и относительного сдвига в ряд по системе собственных функций, которые для принятых граничных условий имеют одинаковый вид. Выписаны трансцендентные уравнения для нахождения соответствующих собственных чисел, их значения приведены в таблице. Построены графики изменения собственных частот основного тона в зависимости от температуры. Приведены расчетные формулы для прогиба и относительного сдвига. Результаты численного анализа представлены в виде графиков зависимости прогиба пластины от температуры и координаты внутреннего кольца силовой нагрузки.
Оценка эффективного тензора жесткости композитного материала периодической структуры со случайными модулями деформации (модулями упругости) включений
Authors:   ФГБУН Институт прикладной механики РАН, Москва, Россия, Власов А. Н. , Сорокин Г. С. ,   ФГБУН Институт прикладной механики РАН, Москва, Россия, Власов Д. А. ,   ФГБОУ ВО «НИУ МГСУ», Москва, Россия, Карнет Ю. Н. ,   ФГБУН Институт прикладной механики РАН, Москва, Россия
Published: October 2024

Массовое использование композитов в машиностроении, авиакосмической технике, строительстве, расчеты зданий и сооружений с учетом совместной их работы с грунтами оснований, а также расчеты подземных сооружений и горных выработок совместно с вмещающим их массивом горных пород (грунты и горные породы по существу являются композитами природного образования) ставит задачу надежного, быстрого и удобного способа определения механических характеристик таких композитных материалов. В геомеханике определение механических свойств часто длительное по времени и весьма затратное, а иногда эти свойства невозможно определить экспериментальным путём. Таким образом, можно констатировать, что в настоящее время в инженерной и научной деятельности проблема определения эффективных характеристик композитных материалов является актуальной. Данная работа является продолжением исследований [1,2] по определению эффективного тензора жесткости и соответственно эффективных технических характеристик композитных материалов (модули Юнга, сдвига и коэффициенты Пуассона) с использованием вероятностных методов и метода асимптотического усреднения. Предлагаемый подход позволяет свести задачу по определению эффективных механических характеристик со случайными значениями характеристик фаз композитного материала к решению набора стандартных периодических задач на ячейке, не прибегая к рассмотрению представительного элемента объема. В отличие от предыдущих работ [1,2], где задача со случайным расположением включений [1] и случайными значениями размеров (радиусов) включений при условии соблюдения периодичности расположения их центров [2], в данной работе задача решается для композитов периодической структуры, но со случайными значениями их механических характеристик. В работе излагается четыре варианта оценки эффективных характеристик деформационных свойств композитных материалов периодической структуры со случайными значениями деформационных характеристик их фаз. Показана применимость предложенного вероятностного подхода к определению эффективного тензора жёсткости на ячейке периодичности. Такой подход позволяет получать не только средние значения (эффективный тензор жёсткости), но и три основных центральных момента - со 2-го по 4-й порядок (дисперсию, асимметрию и эксцесс), характеризующие случайную функцию распределения эффективного тензора жёсткости. Представленные в данной в статье подходы к оценке эффективных деформационных характеристик композитных материалов периодической структуры со случайными значениями механических характеристик могут быть применены к определению вязкоупругих, теплофизических и других физико-механических свойств.
Моделирование термовязкоупруго-вязкопластического динамического деформирования волокнистых пластин в рамках уточненной теории изгиба
Authors:   ФГБУН Институт теоретической и прикладной механики им. С.А. Христиановича СО РАН, Новосибирск, Россия, Янковский А. П.
Published: October 2024

На базе уточненной теории сформулирована начально-краевая задача неизотермического вязкоупруго-вязкопластического динамического изгибного деформирования волокнистых пластин. Геометрическая нелинейность задачи рассматривается в приближении Кармана. Учитывается связанность моделируемой термомеханической проблемы. По толщине композитных пластин перемещения точек в тангенциальных направлениях и температура аппроксимируются полиномами 7-го порядка. Для решения поставленной нестационарной приведенной двумерной задачи используется явная численная схема шагов по времени. Исследовано неизотермическое вязкоупруго-вязкопластическое и вязкоупругопластическое изгибное поведение прямоугольных удлиненных стеклопластиковых пластин с плоско-перекрестной и пространственной структурами армирования. Конструкции в поперечном направлении кратковременно нагружаются избыточным давлением высокой интенсивности. Показано, что для правильного определения величины и формы остаточных прогибов таких конструкций их необходимо рассчитывать с учетом температурного отклика, возникающего в них, даже при отсутствии внешних источников тепла немеханического происхождения. Продемонстрировано, что для адекватного определения остаточного деформированного состояния материалов композиций таких пластин и их остаточного прогиба необходимо использовать уточненную теорию изгиба, а не простейший ее вариант - традиционную неклассическую теорию Амбарцумяна. Показано, что неучет зависимости пластических свойств компонентов композиции даже стеклопластиковых конструкций приводит к существенному (в разы) завышению интенсивности остаточных деформаций фаз композиции и к значительному искажению формы и величины остаточных прогибов. Даже в относительно тонких стеклопластиковых пластинах замена плоской структуры армирования на пространственную с сохранением общего расхода волокон может приводить к уменьшению остаточного деформированного состояния эпоксисвязующего более чем на 10%. Продемонстрировано, что после прекращения неупругих осцилляций стеклопластиковые пластины приобретают гофрированную форму со складками, ориентированными в продольном направлении.