bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Demolished by the whirlwind of revolution
Authors: Temirova Nadiya , Petrova Inna
Published: April 2021

The purpose of the article: to study the process of elimination of large landholdings from the agricultural sector of Ukraine throughout the revolutionary transformations of 1917 – early 1920s. Research methods: historical-typological, historical-genetic, historical-comparative. Main results. It is shown that the destruction of large landowner households, beginning in 1917, lasted until the early 1920s and was part of the agrarian policy of the bolsheviks. Agro-industrial complex on the landed estates were under a devastating blow: вuildings were destroyed, working cattle and grain were dismantled by the peasants, the property of the recent owners of the estates was looted, and industrial facilities were destroyed. Liquidation of landowners’ holdings was accompanied by extreme cruelty justified by revolutionary goals. The paper demonstrates M. Shcherbatova’s and S. Falz-Fein’s tragic fate as victims of revolution. Despite attempts to give this process a form of legitimacy and a whole series of legal acts to regulate the process in the countryside, peasants’ spontaneous movement to redistribute land and property in their favour was of great importance. Centuries-old wounds and hatreds, exacerbation of the feeling of social injustice, revolutionary expediency and desire to get rich at the expense of others floated to the surface as a result. In the revolutionary years of 1917–1921 and afterwards, the last page in the history of the landowners’ economy unfolded, when, despite attempts to settle the “land question”, a radical approach prevailed. As the outcome, recent agrarian elite was uprooted by force with material, moral and psychological damage. Scientific novelty: a study of the destruction of large farms through the perception of their owners based on the study of personal archival funds of the Grokholsky, Linke, Tereshchenko, Shcherbatova and others. Type of article: analytical.
Evolution of Government Approches to Food Aid/Loans during the Holodomor of 1932–1933
Authors: Yakubovskyy Igor
Published: April 2021

The main goal of this article is to investigate the Stalin’s regime strategies regarding the so-called centralized food aid and its distribution during the Holodomor, which was organized by the Kremlin on the occupied territory of Ukraine in 1932–1933. Research methods: analytical, system-structural, historical-comparative, historical-chronological. Main results. The research focuses on the deep examination of the normative documents created by the different echelons of authority (from Moscow to Ukrainian regions) as a base of clarifying the model related to realizing of general decisions approved by the Central Committee of the Communist party and the Soviet government. In addition, the above-mentioned problem is researched in the frame of genocide conception. The scientific significance of the article is in showing that during 1932–1933 the Stalin regime’s approaches were shifted. From July 1932 food aid was transformed into food loan. In 1933 the central authority established the discriminating model of distribution foods based on renouncement from the principle of equal access and from the providing the aid which depends on the stage of starvation. Food loan depended on political loyalty, social origin and membership in collective farms. Furthermore, the authority aimed to ехterminate all regional attempts to dodge from strong realization of the center’s model. In fact, these attempts frequently turned out to be the step to rescue a number of Ukrainian farmers in different regions of Ukraine. Created by the Stalin regime and used by the authority hierarchy in Ukraine, the approaches are very important evidence that the Food Aid was an instrument to save only number of farmers, who were necessary to plant and harvest. Other farmers were to be starved. The method of the providing and distribution of the centralized food loan was a key instrument of the authority aimed to kill a considerable part of the Ukrainian population by famine. It indicates that the Stalin’s regime intention was genocide. Further research perspective is to deduce how the regional authorities, the heads of collective farms and villages have been realized the orders approved by central as well as Ukrainian rules and how it influenced on the starving and inhibiting or catalyzing of the Soviet government’s plans. Practical significance: the results of the study open up new opportunities for deepening scientific ideas and theoretical generalizations about the Holodomor of 1932–1933. Type of article: analytical.
Podiilia sugar industry owners under Stalinist struggle for “mono‑majority” in the Soviet society
Authors: Mieliekiestsev Kyrylo , But Oleksandr
Published: April 2021

The aim: firstly, to show the essence of Stalin’s understanding of the Anti-Soviet elements in the context of the Socialist Successes, and, secondly, to describe neglected attitude of the authorities to the sugar industry on the example of Podillia. The Source base. The article is based on the analysis of archived investigation cases of the former NKVD found in the State Archives of Vinnytsia Region, and in “Rehabilitated by History” book series, detailing specific examples of mass arrests of sugar industry owners: from the leadership of the Oblast Sugar Trust to various directors and chief engineers of sugar mills and factories. Research methods. The historical-critical method helped to separate official propaganda from the essence of facts in the analysis of primary sources. This allows to prove the positive dynamics of development and real successes of the sugar industry, as evidenced by the author’s tables. The historical-comparative method leads to actualization of common features of the Soviet totalitarianism with the authoritarian regimes of the 21st century. Main results. Based on the analysis of in-depth reading of documents of the VIII Extraordinary Congress of the Soviets of the USSR and the long taboo regarding the researching of documents of the February-March (1937) plenum of the Central Committee of the CPSU(b), it is evident that the Secretary General of the ruling party reached a strategic conclusion. Stalin succeeded in convincing the party-state elite that the new “enemies of the people” came neither from the capitalist camp, nor from the ranks of “bourgeois specialists”, but rather from inside the party itself, declaring that the economic cadres were “clogged by spies and saboteurs”. The authors highlight the extent of the damage caused by the Great Terror to one of the important industries of Ukraine, which limited the supply of sugar to the population. Conclusions. Mass repression would have been impossible without one party’s absolute control over government and society, which is a lesson for future generations. Practical meaning. The article’s results sufficiently provide an additional justification for further studies of mass repressions and the Soviet totalitarianism, and also constitute a warning to state leaders against such “excesses” in the search for “mono-majority”. The data may be used for textbooks on the history of Ukraine, Vinnytsia Region, Polish community in Podillia, in regional studies, mass media and in fiction. Originality. The article is based on recently opened archives concerning the fate of victims of terror. Scientific novelty. The data from DAVO’s archives on the oppressed personnel of the sugar industry was first introduced into scientific circulation and summarized, the names of little-known owners of the industry are restored. Type of article: analytical.
Soviet repressions against the clergy and believers of the Dnepropetrovsk region in 1939–1942
Authors: Boiko Oleh
Published: April 2021

The study is carried out in line with general problems of the history of state- church relations in the conditions of the Soviet totalitarian system. For a long time modern historiography did not pay proper attention to anti-religious politics in the USSR in 1939–1941, both at general and regional levels. Most scholars avoided themes related to repressive policy regarding worshipers in the years following the Great Terror, and some even noted the liberalization of the course of the Soviet leadership in the field of religion and church on the eve of the German-Soviet war, which began in June 1941. The purpose of the study is to highlight political repressions against the clergy and believers of various Christian denominations in Dnipropetrovsk region in 1939–1942. Research methods: problem-chronological, historical-genetic, historical-comparative, analysis, synthesis. The main results of the work. The process of preparation and further implementation of repressions of the clergy and active believers of various religious groups of Dnipropetrovsk region in 1939–1942 is highlighted. Dozens of convicted worshipers and “sectarians” are identified by name. Nature of accusations and peculiarities of imposed sentences are determined. The course of collective cases fabricated by the NKVD bodies against the Orthodox clergy is shown. Repressive measures of the authorities in the initial period of the German-Soviet war are analyzed. The continuity of the state anti-religious course and the use of terror until 1942 is proved. The originality of the work is in the use and analysis of numerous previously unknown archival documents which helped to disclose the formulated scientific problem. Practical value: despite the regional limitations of the study, the materials of the article are useful not only to local historians, but also to church historians for further development of the problems in the outlined chronological framework. Type of article: analytical.
Everyday life of local police officers in Kyiv region during the Nazi occupation (1941–1943)
Authors: Hоncharenko Оleksii , Potyl’chak Oleksandr
Published: April 2021

The purpose of the article is to identify the features of daily life of the local police officers of the Reichсommissariat Ukraine (hereinafter – the RCU), their socio-professional status. Research methods: analytical, synthetic, historical-chronological, comparative-historical, logical. Main results. The example of the RCU examines the problem of the daily life of local police officers in their everyday, social, professional and psychological dimensions. At the systemic level, the everyday aspects of daily routine of local police officers and their place in the system of social relations of that time are clarified. Typical models of behavior of policemen of RCU are distinguished in their relationships with local society. Examples of the participation of Ukrainian police officers both in persecution and in helping people who were victims of Nazi repression are given. The fact of increase of destructive phenomena in moral and psychological moods of local police officers of the RCU is established. Scientific novelty. For the first time the daily life of RCU police officers is analyzed in detail, their place in the system of social relations and model of behavior in the course of fulfilling their professional duties are determined. Practical importance. The study identifies typical social behavior patterns of persons who in occupation conditions were employed by local police and were directly accomplishing the goals and objectives of Nazi occupation policy. The originality of the study is based on the identification and analytical and synthetic processing of previously unknown archival sources of the Soviet special services. Type of article: research.
Marxism, nationalism and modernization processes in Eastern Europe in the middle of 19th – early 20th century
Authors: Sheremet Viacheslav
Published: April 2021

The aim of the article is to elucidate the impact of Marxism and Nationalism on modernization processes in Eastern Europe from the perspective of their formation and mutual influence. Research methods: synthesis, induction, analysis, retrospective. Main results. During research we studied programs of both ideologies and compared their distinctive traits. Through analysis oftheoretical patterns of nationalism movements, different theories of public modernization and European point of view about backwardness, we found that Nationalism and Marxism significantly diverged around the role of statehood in culture and political changes. For Nationalism – state was the main aim and, simultaneously, result of nationalist movement activity. Further progress of nation was related to national state, which could provide certain conditions for cultural and economic development. Statehood in Marxists views was unwelcome; changes in society were related to social revolutionary movements without creation new state formations. State’s participation in transformation processes was, in theory, different for both ideologies. But when communists seized a power in the former Russian Empire, they faced a necessity of making their own statehood with its national policy. In fact, Nationalism became an artificial method on the way towards modernization of society. In conclusion, Eastern Europe modernization happened due to unification of communist and nationalist political thought. Scientific novelty of the paper is explained by analysis of works by Austrian Marxists, who made a theory for Soviet national policy. We explain this point by comparing some Austrian ideas to J. Stalin’s view on national question. The author also advocates the idea of existence some nationalistic traits during socialistic modernization in the USSR. Practical value of the research is a creation of background for studying Soviet ideology from new point of view. Type of article: empirical research.
The Mental Space of the Zaporozhian Cossacks in representations оf Dmytro Yavornytsky
Authors: Svitlenko Serhii
Published: April 2021

The aim of the article is to study the mental space of the Zaporozhian Cossacks in representations of the prominent Ukrainian historian Dmytro Yavornytsky (1855–1940). Historiographic analysis and synthesis are research methods. Sources: works of Dmytro Yavornytsky, memoirs of contemporaries of the scientist-historian, modern historiography. The main results are that the author actualizes the historical and geographical aspect of the mental history of Ukraine; shows the importance of understanding spatial identification and differentiation for the realization of historical and national identity, mental understanding of the world on the examples of achievements of Ukrainian and foreign European scientists. Based on the analysis of Dmytro Yavornytsky’s creative work, it is proved that the scientist-historian came to the conclusion about the ancient, organic nature of the territory of the Steppe Ukraine to the Freedoms of the Zaporozhian Lowland Army; its external borders are established; the internal Ukrainian territorial demarcation between the lands of the Army of the Zaporozhian lower and Poltava regiments of the Hetmanate is marked. An expert on the history of the Zaporozhian Freedoms established that the space of the mental world of the Zaporozhian Cossacks covered a huge steppe expanse that ran along both banks of the Dnipro; widely used the data of hydrography, topography, climate, flora and fauna of the Zaporozhian region to understand the features of this area, which had a huge impact on the mentality of the Cossacks. The Dnipro River, which united the two banks of the Zaporozhian Freedoms, was of sacred significance for the mental world of the Cossacks. To understand the spatial component of the mental world of the Cossacks, it is important to divide the military and territorial division of the Zaporizhzhya, to show the history of the Cossacks in the context of contacts with neighbors. Noting the peculiarities of the history of the Zaporozhian Cossacks, Dmytro Yavornytsky closely linked the struggle of the Zaporozhian Cossacks not only for the rights and freedoms of Zaporizhzhya, but also of other Ukrainian lands, which confirms the mental unity of the Cossacks with other parts of Ukraine. Brief conclusions. D. I. Yavornytsky revealed the spatial aspects of the diverse mental world of the Cossacks, which gave rise to a special historical energy, the basis of freedom-loving and the strength of spirit of the Zaporozhian society. The practical significance of the article is that its material will be of interest to students, graduate students, doctoral students and historians in the study of historiography and mental history of Ukraine. The originality of the article is in understanding of little- studied mental aspects of the heritage of the scientist-historian. Scientific novelty is in the development of insufficiently studied problem of the mental world of the Cossacks in the work of Dmitry Yavornytsky. Type of article: analytical.
Olexa Kovalenko and Maxim Rylsky
Authors: Bulanova Natalia
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this article is to highlight the relationship between Oleksa Kovalenko, a well-known in the Dnipro Ukraine writer, translator, cultural and public figure, and doctor, and a outstanding Ukrainian poet and translator, M. T. Rylsky, in the historical context of the 1940s – 1960s. Research methods. The basis of the research methodology is historical-biographical, problem-chronological, and рrosopographical. The main results. On the basis of the epistolary heritage the relationship between the well-known in the Dnipro Ukraine writer, translator, cultural and public figure, doctor by profession Oleksiy Kovalenko with the prominent Ukrainian poet, publicist, linguist, literary critic, director of the Institute of Art Studies, folklore and ethnology M.T. Rylsky is highlighted in the historical context of 1940s – 1960s. It is established that since 1944, for many years, there were constant contacts between O. Kovalenko and M. Rylsky. These contacts were based on a mutual interest in translating “The Tale of Igor’s Campaign”. It is proved that the duration of their communication was based on the similarity of life experience, the circle of common acquaintances and interests. The practical significance. Research results can be used in the development of special courses and in local history educational projects. Scientific novelty. The source base of the theme is expanded by the involvement of O. Kovalenko’s and M.T. Rylsky’s epistolary heritage. Type of article: analytical.
PREPARING FOR TRANSITION: A STUDY OF NEW COLLEGE PRINCIPALS’ SITUATION IN GHANA
Authors: FYNN CAROLINE AGGREY
Published: April 2021

The importance of leadership transition in Colleges of Education in Ghana cannot be overemphasised due to its immense impact on quality teacher education and training. This requires that newly appointed principals prepare adequately for the transition. However, there is a seeming absence of research on the concept in the Ghanaian context. This qualitative study which employed the phenomenology approach, therefore, investigates how new college of education principals in Ghana prepare for the transition into their new role. The study purposively sampled ten (10) newly appointed principals of public colleges of education for the study. Interview protocol was used to collect the data for the study. The responses from participants were analysed using Colaizzi's phenomenological data analysis method. The result revealed that the newly appointed principals prepared for the transition by coping with the psychological, social and professional impacts of the new appointment to manage.  Goal setting was also paramount for their tenure of office. The study recommended that preparation prior to assumption of duty is necessary as it helps to get oneself ready for the role and for that matter the transition.
A quantitative HPLC method for simultaneous determination of prodrug of voriconazole and voriconazole in beagle plasma, and its application to a toxicokinetic study
Authors: Wen Yufa , Chen Shuang , Yuan Yanjuan , Shao Qing , He Xuejun , Qiao Hongqun
Published: April 2021

A simple, rapid, efficient and reproducible method based on High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) for simultaneous determination of prodrug of voriconazole (POV) and voriconazole in beagle plasma has been established and validated. Omeprazole was utilized as the sole internal standard. Analytes and internal standards were extracted through protein precipitation and separated on a Venusil XBP C18 chromatography column (4.6 × 250 mm, 5 µm). The mobile phase was methanol and 20 mmol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate. Chromatographic separation was achieved by using an isocratic elution procedure that used 65% methanol and a flow rate of 1 mL/min. The ultraviolet (UV) detection wavelength was 256 nm and the total running time was 15 min. This method showed good linear ranges of 100–75,000 ng/mL for voriconazole prodrug and 200–100,000 ng/mL for voriconazole respectively. The precision and accuracy were acceptable. Analytes in plasma samples are stable under different temperatures and storage conditions. The developed HPLC method has been successfully applied to the studies of toxicokinetics of POV after intravenous drip in beagle and provided important information for the further development and application.
Social media ‘addiction’: The absence of an attentional bias to social media stimuli
Authors: Thomson K. , Hunter S. C. , Butler S. H. , Robertson D. J.
Published: April 2021

Background and aims

Social media use has become a ubiquitous part of society, with 3.8 billion users worldwide. While research has shown that there are positive aspects to social media engagement (e.g. feelings of social connectedness and wellbeing), much of the focus has been on the negative mental health outcomes which are associated with excessive use (e.g. higher levels of depression/anxiety). While the evidence to support such negative associations is mixed, there is a growing debate within the literature as to whether excessive levels of social media use should become a clinically defined addictive behaviour.

Methods

Here we assess whether one hallmark of addiction, the priority processing of addiction related stimuli known as an ‘attentional bias’, is evident in a group of social media users (N = 100). Using mock iPhone displays, we test whether social media stimuli preferentially capture users' attention and whether the level of bias can be predicted by platform use (self-report, objective smartphone usage data), and whether it is associated with scores on established measures of social media engagement (SMES) and social media ‘addiction’ severity scales (BSNAS, SMAQ).

Results

Our findings do not provide support for a social media specific attentional bias. While there was a large range of individual differences in our measures of use, engagement, and ‘addictive’ severity, these were not predictive of, or associated with, individual differences in the magnitude of attentional capture by social media stimuli.

Conclusions

More research is required before social media use can be definitively placed within an addiction framework.
Lactoferrin for the treatment of age-associated inflammation – A pilot study
Authors: Laskow T. , Langdon J. , Abadir P. , Xue Q.-L. , Walston J.
Published: April 2021

Background

Chronic inflammation (CI) is a common trait of aging associated with adverse outcomes including mortality. We hypothesized that recombinant human Lactoferrin (rhLf) would reduce chronic inflammation of aging.

Methods

Thirty-six community dwelling older adults were randomly assigned to rhLf or placebo treatment in 1:1 ratio for 3 months. IL-6, sTNFR1, Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP), and Complete Blood Count (CBC) were measured at baseline, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months. Physical and cognitive measures were completed at same timepoints, including 4-m walking speed (m/s), grip strength (kg), 6-min walking distance (m), home activity measured by accelerometer, trail making test – Part A (s) and – Part B (s), and Digit symbol substitution test (number correctly coded). Primary outcomes were differences in IL-6 and sTNFR1 concentrations evaluated by generalized linear model with log-link and gamma family distribution, controlling for baseline cytokine concentrations.

Results

rhLF was well-tolerated. There were a significant number of abdominal complaints and increased drop-out rate in placebo group. Participants in rhLf arm had non-significant lower mean percent increase in IL6 at 3 months (rhLf mean IL-6 6% lower than control,P= 0.843), and sTNFaR1 (rhLf mean 2% lower than control,P= 0.36). No significant changes were observed for the cognitive or physical measures.

Conclusion

Treatment with rhLf did not significantly alter serum IL6 or sTNFR1 concentrations of older adults. This study may have been underpowered to detect difference, but provided evidence that a larger sample-size could more definitively determine the effect of rhLF on age-associated CI.
Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on body mass index in young adults
Authors: Pop Cristiana , Ciomag Valentina
Published: April 2021

Background and Study Aim. We conducted our research on the supposition that in pandemic context the student’s weight might increase, influencing consequently BMI values. For the present moment humankind must cope with important changes and regulation which have massively impacted our daily lives. Social distancing measures taken in many schools and universities for limiting exposure and transmission coronavirus run counter how the education process is operating usually. The question that this context rises is: how people in general and especially young people are coping with this lack of physical activity and physical education changes?
Material and Methods. In this study were involved 176 male university students, 19.3±0.67 years of age, divided in two equal groups: the first one measured in 2018, with regular physical activity in face-to-face mode and the second one measured in the end of 2020, after almost one year of remote learning.
Results. In between the two measurements the BMI increased with 1.8 kg/m2, primarily because weight gain. It results that in just two years the percentage of young men with weight issues had a significant increase from 19.3% to 33%. Applying Bonferroni correction for two tests and p < 0.05 it turns out that the two data samples are different with a statistical confidence >95%.
Conclusions. Under the pandemic circumstances the energy balance between food consumption and physical activity was seriously disturbed, resulting in an increased BMI. Our results confirm this tendency presented in other studies on samples of adolescents and young adults, from different countries and regions.
A class of integral operators from Lebesgue spaces into harmonic Bergman-Besov or weighted Bloch spaces
Authors: DOĞAN Ömer Faruk
Published: April 2021

We consider a class of two-parameter weighted integral operators induced by harmonic Bergman-Besov kernels on the unit ball of $\mathbb{R}^{n}$ and characterize precisely those that are bounded from Lebesgue spaces $L^{p}_{\alpha}$ into harmonic Bergman-Besov spaces $b^{q}_{\beta}$, weighted Bloch spaces $b^{\infty}_{\beta} $ or the space of bounded harmonic functions $h^{\infty}$, allowing the exponents to be different. These operators can be viewed as generalizations of the harmonic Bergman-Besov projections.
¿La naturaleza pública del derecho privado?
Authors:   University of Edinburgh, Michelon Claudio
Published: April 2021

In this paper the author challenges the liberal vision of the private sphere as a realm of in which agents are justified in acting without taking into consideration anyone else’s interests. The private realm cannot be thought in isolation of public law, which should in turn be conceived as an embodiment of the mutual interest of the members of that group in the flourishing of one another.
Effect of zinc doping on electrical properties of LaAlO3 perovskite
Authors: Egorova Anastasia V. , Belova Ksenia G. , Animitsa Irina E. , Morkhova Yelizaveta A. , Kabanov Artem A.
Published: April 2021

New solid solution with the general formula of LaAl1-xZnxO3-1/2x was prepared by a solid-state reaction route. According to XRD, the crystal structure of LaAlO3 is rhombohedral, while the solid solution possesses cubic symmetry. Homogeneity region of the solid solution LaAl1-xZnxO3-1/2x was narrow and limited to the maximum concentration of 5 mol. %. Computer simulations using crystalochemistry and density functional theory approaches showed that LaAlO3 has high energy barriers for O2–-ion transport (2.79 eV). These results are in good agreement with the low values of electrical conductivity obtained experimentally. The electrical conductivity of LaAl1-xZnxO3-1/2x was measured by impedance spectroscopy in the temperature range of 200–1000 °C. The partial substitution of Al3+ by Zn2+ was found to increase the electrical conductivity by ~2 order of magnitude. The electrical conductivity of doped phase LaAl0.95Zn0.05O2.975 as a function of oxygen partial pressure was measured, and the partial contributions (oxygen-ionic and electronic) were determined. It was found that the sample has mixed ionic and p-type electronic conductivity, while the electronic contribution increases with the rise of the temperature.
Electrodialysis concentration of sulfuric acid
Authors: Loza S. A. , Smyshlyaev N. A. , Korzhov A. N. , Romanyuk N. A.
Published: April 2021

An urgent task is the development of new resource-saving technologies for deep processing of wastes from the hydrometallurgical industry for the purpose of their reuse. Membrane technologies make it possible to create closed technological cycles with the reuse of recovered components in production, which allows solving many environmental problems. At the Abinsk Electric Steel Works Ltd. (Russia), during the production of copper-coated steel wire, a large amount of waste containing sulfuric acid and heavy metal salts is generated. The chemical treatment of such effluents with slaked lime and alkali produces a large amount of sludge, which causes environmental problems and leads to the irreversible loss of sulfuric acid. The problem of separating acids and salts can be solved using diffusion dialysis through anion-exchange membranes, however, to return the acid to the production cycle, the purified acid must be additionally concentrated. In this work, we studied the process of electrodialysis concentration of sulfuric acid using heterogeneous ion-exchange membranes Ralex® CMHPP and Ralex® AMHPP (manufactured by MEGA a.s., Czech Republic) which have a polypropylene reinforcing mesh resistant to acids. The main parameters of the electrodialysis concentration process have been determined – the dependence of the concentration of the regenerated sulfuric acid on the concentration at the inlet to the electrodialysis cell and on the current density, as well as the energy consumption for the process. It is shown that with the help of electrodialysis concentration it is possible to obtain sulfuric acid with a concentration of up to 180 g/L, which makes it possible to return it to the production cycle.
Phase equilibria in the YFeO3 – YСoO3 system in air
Authors: Bryuzgina A. V. , Urusova A. S. , Ivanov I. L. , Cherepanov V. A.
Published: April 2021

YFe1-xСоxO3 solid solutions were prepared by glycerol-nitrate technique. The homogeneity range of solid solutions was studied within the temperature range 1173 – 1573 K. A continues series of solid solution below the decomposition temperature of YСоO3, which was shown to be equal to 1266 ± 6 K, begins to narrow at higher temperatures and becomes equal to 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1 at 1573 K. The phase diagram of the YFeO3 – YСoO3 system in the “T – composition” coordinates was divided into three fields. Similar to the parent ternary oxides, all single-phase YFe1-xСоxO3 solid solutions possess orthorhombically distorted perovskite structure (Pnma space group). Unusual behavior of orthorhombic distortions in YFe1-xСоxO3 with temperature was explained by probable changes in spin state of Co3+ ions.
Continuous copper leaching technology
Authors: Mukhortova L. I. , Nasakin O. E. , Eremkin A. V. , Glushkov I. V.
Published: April 2021

The parameters of the continuous technological process of leaching copper from fine copper waste using nitric acid as an oxidizer are studied. Optimal conditions for a continuous leaching process were established, in which solutions with a mass concentration of copper ions greater than 25 g/dm3 were obtained.
Using the mineral component of building refuse in heavy metals sorption from their mixture
Authors: Yurk V. M. , Zaytsev O. B. , Zaytseva A. V. , Malahova N. A.
Published: April 2021

The sorption properties of the sand-breakstone mixture based on the mineral component of building refuse of the 0-10 mm fraction with respect to Pb2+, Zn2+, Cu2+, Ni2+, Cd2+ and Hg2+ ions were studied using atomic absorption spectroscopy. The mechanisms of accumulation of heavy metal ions on the surface of the mixture particles are described. It was found that after washing the contaminated material distilled water, the residual concentration of metals in the filtrate does not exceed the established sanitary and hygienic standards. The practical value of the work lies in the possibility of applying the results in reclamation of technogenic formations or production of materials for the technical stage of reclamation using technogenic soils.
Bank Borrowings by Asset Managers Evidence from U.S. Open-End Mutual Funds and Exchange-Traded Funds
Authors: Cai Fang , Shin Chaehee
Published: April 2021

In this note, we look into investment funds' access to and usage of bank credit, based on a new dataset on credit line (and other types of loan) extension by top bank holding companies to open-end mutual funds and ETFs in the United States. We find that the aggregate amount of bank lending to open-end funds and ETFs was small and greatly fluctuated across time. Bank credit, particularly in the form of credit lines, has offered funds a flexible liquidity source from which they can draw down cash in times of excessive fund outflows, such as during the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak. In particular, funds that hold relatively more illiquid assets, such as bank loan funds, are more reliant on bank credit lines.
Spatial Transfer of Oligonucleotides and Imaging v2
Authors: Srivatsan Sanjay , C Regier Mary
Published: April 2021

Spatial patterns of gene expression manifest at scales ranging from local (e.g.cell-cell interactions) to global (e.g.body axis patterning). However, current spatial transcriptomics methods either average local contexts or are restricted to limited fields of view. We introduce sci-Space, which retains single cell resolution while resolving spatial heterogeneity at larger scales. This portion of the protocol describes the spatial transfer of barcoded oligos onto a sectioned tissue.
Surrogate molecular subtyping of breast carcinomas– A study on recent modifications and their clinicopathological significance
Authors:   MBBS, Department of Pathology, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, 603203, Chengalpattu, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India, A Dr. Priyanka , Sudalaimuthu Dr. Muthu ,   M.D., Department of Pathology, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, 603203, Chengalpattu, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India, Shivashekar Dr. G. ,   MD, DCP, Department of Pathology, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, 603203, Chengalpattu, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
Published: April 2021

Context: Breast carcinoma is a heterogenous disease with varied clinicopathological features andresponse to therapy. Molecular classification through gene studies helps in planning therapy but haseconomic constraints. Hence immunohistochemical subtyping of breast carcinomas has been used asa surrogate method. Criteria for this subtyping has undergone many modifications since it wasoriginally proposed. Objectives: To immunohistochemically subtype breast carcinomas based onSt.Gallen 2017 guidelines and analyse the differences in clinicopathological parameters like age,tumour size, histopathological grade and lymph node staging between the various subtypes.Materials and methods: The study was done retrospectively at a tertiary care health centre inSouth India on breast carcinoma patients from January 2017 to June 2020. Immunohistochemistrywas done with antibodies to the Estrogen receptor, Progesterone receptor, Human epidermal growthfactor receptor-2 (HER-2) and Ki-67. Immunohistochemical Subtypes were correlated withClinicopathological features. Results: The study had 107 cases. Hormone receptor (HR) positiveHER-2 negative was the most common subtype (55 cases, 51.4%). This subtype frequentlypresented without nodal metastasis (58.2%) and in >50 years of age (56.4%). Triple-negativesubtype frequently presented with grade III (69.2%), highest nodal metastasis stage (38.5%) andin < 50 years of age (69.2%). Conclusion: St.Gallen 2017 guidelines for immunohistochemicalsubtyping classified breast carcinomas into groups that differed significantly in theirclinicopathological features. Further studies on differences in treatment response and survival ratedifferences between these different subtypes are needed.
Associations Between Trauma-Informed Care Components and Multiple Health and Psychosocial Risks Among LGBTQ Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence
Authors: Antebi-Gruszka Nadav , Scheer Jillian R.
Published: April 2021

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) individuals disproportionately experience intimate partner violence (IPV) and resulting negative health consequences compared to cisgender heterosexual individuals. This study builds on prior recent work by examining specific trauma-informed care (TIC) components most associated with a comprehensive set of health and psychosocial risks among 298 LGBTQ IPV survivors who sought and accessed trauma-related services (e.g., mental health counseling). Results indicated that TIC components are differentially associated with LGBTQ clients’ health and well-being. Specifically, greater perceptions of providers who fostered agency and mutual respect were associated with better outcomes, whereas greater perceptions of providers who focused on culture and increasing opportunities to connect with other survivors were related to negative outcomes. These findings underscore the need for providers to prioritize LGBTQ clients’ sense of agency and mutual respect and identify for whom focusing on culture and connecting with other LGBTQ survivors might be beneficial.
Playfulness and Older Adults: Implications for Quality of Life
Authors: Saliba Yvette C. , Barden Sejal M.
Published: April 2021

Changes in health, relationships, support systems, and social identity are inevitable throughout the life span. Therefore, research focused on mitigating the negative effects of changes due to aging while also improving quality of life (QoL) is warranted. As such, the aim of the current research study was to examine the extent to which subjective age, playfulness, and depression predict QoL among adults over the age of 55. Adults (N = 1,315) who were 55 and older were surveyed both face to face and online. Standard multiple regression was utilized, and results identified a statistically significant model with depression predicting the largest unique contribution. Playfulness predicted a small, statistically significant contribution, while subjective age did not statistically contribute to the prediction. Implications provide a new perspective on variables associated with quality of life and older adults.
Physical rehabilitation of patients with the new coronavirus infection covid-19 in a military hospital using telecommunication technologies
Authors: Frolov Denis V. , Kruykov Evgeniy V. , Svetlitskaya Maria V. , Kostuychenko Oleg M. , Zaitsev Andrey A. , Chernov Sergey A. , Chernetsov Vladimir A.
Published: April 2021

The guidelines are devoted to the practical application of the method of remote physical rehabilitation of patients with the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 through telecommunication technologies. The purpose of the document is the need to develop a unified approach in organizing assistance for physical rehabilitation for patients with the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 in military hospitals. The advantage of using telecommunication technologies is associated with a decrease in the risk of personnel infection.
Modern approach to neurorehabilitation of children with hiv-encephalopathy
Authors: Saidkhodjaeva Saida N. , Madjidova Yakutkhon N. , Yuldashev Каhramon H.
Published: April 2021

Background. Currently, there is no standardized and evidence-based medicine specific therapy for HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of various neurorehabilitation programs, including the use of memantine hydrochloride and the virtual reality feedback method (NIRVANA) in children with HIV encephalopathy (HIVE) in the aspect of neurocognitive status.
Material and methods. The study included 260 children with HIV-positive status and receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (НAART) according to an individually selected scheme for at least 6 months. All the children included in the study showed signs of HIVE. After the initial examination, all patients were divided into 4 groups: only НAART, НAART + memantine, НAART + NIRVANA and НAART + memantine + NIRVANA. The follow-up period was 3 months. The neurological study included a standard neurological examination, as well as various psychometric scales and questionnaires.
Results. In the groups of active neurorehabilitation, there were significant positive changes in the neurocognitive status: the score of all components of neurocognitive disorders decreased in all three groups with comparable relative dynamics. As a result, by the end of the 3rd month of follow-up in children taking memantine (НAART group + M and НAART + M + H) achieved a significantly lower IQ score compared to children who were only on НAART (p 0.001 for both comparisons). Also in children who received complex neurorehabilitation (НAART + M + H) by the end of the 3rd month of observation, a significantly lower integral score of neurocognitive status assessment was achieved compared to children of the НAART group (p 0.05).
Conclusion. Thus, in the course of this study, it was found that children with HIVE, despite the ongoing НAART, have a tendency to progress HIVE. Children with HIV-associated dementia are most susceptible to progression. The use of active neurorehabilitation, especially a combination of memantine and virtual reality techniques, can significantly improve the indicators of neurocognitive status.
Impact of diet and exercise training on physical performance and body composition in male rats: influence of ad libitum feeding and mild caloric restriction
Authors: Bloomer Richard , Gunnels Trint , Schriefer JohnHenry
Published: April 2021

Background: Improvements in body composition have been reported when men and women switch from consuming a Western Diet (WD) to a purified and “clean” diet (PD) known as a "Daniel Fast.” While no laboratory studies have determined physical performance improvements following the Daniel Fast, numerous anecdotal reports of improved physical capacity and well-being have been noted. Methods: In the present study, Long-Evans rats (N=28) were assigned to be exercise trained (+E) by running on a treadmill three days per week or to act as sedentary controls. After baseline physical performance was evaluated by recording run time to exhaustion, half of the animals in each group were fed for 12 months either a PD formulated to mimic the Daniel Fast, or a WD. Food was provided ad libitum during months 1-3 and was restricted to 90% of animals’ daily needs during months 4-12. Physical performance was evaluated again at the end of months 3, 6, 9, and 12, as was body composition and bone mineral density using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. Results: As expected, exercise resulted in an increase in run time as compared to the non-exercise control animals (p<0.05). Dietary intake did not influence run time. Body composition was largely impacted by diet composition, with the PD resulting in less total mass and fat mass as compared to the WD (p<0.05), with only small differences noted in lean mass between diet groups. Bone mineral density increased in a linear fashion from months 3-12, with no differences noted based on diet or exercise training. Conclusion: A WD, with and without exercise, results in increased total and fat mass in male rats. A PD allows animals to maintain a relatively low body fat, without leading to adverse outcomes pertaining to lean body mass or bone mineral density.
Daily Hand-Off of Chronic Stroke Neurorehabilitation Patients to Expert Clinicians, With Resulting Significant Coordination Improvement: Care Model Development and Implementation
Authors: McCabe Jessica , Daly Janis , Monkiewicz Michelle , Montana Marianne , Butler Kristi , Rogers Jean , Aron David
Published: April 2021

Background: New models of care delivery are necessary to meet workforce needs while delivering expert care in neurorehabilitation. Therefore, we sought to develop and assess the implementation of a new model of care for neurorehabilitation using a 5-member team of therapists (5-Team Model) for the treatment of individuals with chronic stroke, rather than a conventional single-therapist model. Methods: A mixed methods approach was employed; continuous quality improvement methods and quasi-experimental pre-test/post-test methods were used to assess the effectiveness of the new model. Six chronic stroke patients participated in an upper limb neurorehabilitation motor learning protocol 5 days/week, 5 hours/day (60 sessions; 300 hours); treatment was administered using the 5-Team Model approach to treatment. Results: Mean improvement on the Fugl Meyer (FM) was 11.5 points. All six participants demonstrated improvement on Fugl Meyer that was within or beyond the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) range of 4.25-7.25 points for chronic stroke. Results indicated that the 5-Team Model was effective in implementing care. Conclusions: The 5-Team Model for neurorehabilitation was successfully implemented, with patient hand-off every day to a different therapist; it produced clinically significant improvement on a measure of coordination (FM) which is comparable to or better than prior reports from a standard care model. This new model of care met the needs of the research team workforce for flexibility, while maintaining the level of quality of care. Successful implementation required addressing a series of hindering factors in an iterative manner and enhancing promoting factors. These elements included the context within which the change was implemented, the methods used in implementing the change, the evidence that the change was successful, and communication that the change was successful. The context requirements included existing framework and participating model members who were willing to exert the required effort for success, model champions. This high level of enthusiastic participation along with strong leadership contributed to long-term success, sustainability.