bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Istinbath Hukum Islam Masa Kenabian dan Sahabat: Sejarah, Karakteristik, dan Metode Ijtihad dalam Membentuk Hukum Islam
Authors: Rizani Rasyid , Jalaluddin Jalaluddin , Azhari Fathurrahman , Hamdi Fahmi
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This paper discusses the history, characteristics, and methods of istinbath of Islamic law during the prophetic and Companion periods. It explains how Islamic law developed along with the revelation to the Prophet Muhammad and how the Companions used ijtihad in determining the law. It also discusses the differences of opinion among the Companions and how they struggled to resolve legal issues using the original sources of Islamic law, the Qur'an and Sunnah. The Prophetic period, known as the infancy period, is the period of growth and formation of the Prophet's Islamic law for 23 years, from his elevation to the Apostleship in 610 AD until his death in 632 AD. This period is divided into two parts, namely the Mecca period and the Medina period. The characteristics of Islamic law during the prophetic period include several important aspects, such as tashri' divided into two phases with different focuses. The determination of law during the prophetic period began with events or questions posed by the people of Muhammad Saw to him. Meanwhile, the Companion period is also called the development period, and the characteristic of tashri' in this period is that ijtihad has begun to be carried out by the Companions because the Prophet as the authority of tashri' has passed away.
Keywords: History, characteristics, istinbath method, Islamic Law
 
Abstrak
Tulisan ini membahas tentang sejarah, karakteristik, dan metode istinbath hukum Islam masa kenabian dan sahabat. Ia menjelaskan bagaimana hukum Islam berkembang seiring dengan turunnya wahyu kepada Nabi Muhammad saw dan bagaimana para sahabat menggunakan ijtihad dalam menetapkan hukum. Tulisan ini juga membahas tentang perbedaan pendapat di antara para sahabat dan bagaimana mereka berjuang untuk menyelesaikan masalah hukum dengan menggunakan sumber asli hukum Islam, yaitu Al-Qur'an dan Sunnah. Pada Periode kenabian, dikenal sebagai masa pertumbuhan, adalah masa pertumbuhan dan pembentukan hukum Islam Rasulullah selama 23 tahun, dari diangkatnya menjadi Rasul pada tahun 610 M hingga wafatnya pada tahun 632 M. Periode ini dibagi menjadi dua bagian, yaitu periode Mekkah dan periode Madinah. Karakteristik hukum Islam pada masa kenabian mencakup beberapa aspek penting, seperti tasyri' dibagi menjadi dua fase dengan fokus yang berbeda. Penetapan hukum di masa kenabian dimulai dengan peristiwa atau pertanyaan yang diajukan oleh umat Muhammad Saw kepadanya. Sedangkan, Periode sahabat disebut juga masa perkembangan, dan ciri khas tasyri’ pada periode ini adalah ijtihad sudah mulai banyak dilakukan oleh para sahabat karena Rasulullah saw sebagai pemegang wewenang tasyri’ sudah meninggal dunia.
Kata kunci: Sejarah, karakteristik, metode istinbath, Hukum Islam
Historisitas, Setting sosial, Intelektual dan Produk Pemikiran Hukum Islam Madzhab Arba’ah (Hanafi, Maliki, Syafi’i, dan Hanbali)
Authors: Arif Fitria Rizal , Jalaluddin Jalaluddin , Azhari Fathurrahman , Hamdi Fahmi
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This study explores the historicity and socio-intellectual influences in the development of Islamic legal thought as represented by the four major madhabs: Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi’i, and Hanbali. It delves into the historical background and social contexts that shaped the legal views of the founding imams of these madhabs and how these factors influenced their legal thought. Through analytical and descriptive approaches, this research reveals how geographical, political, and cultural differences contributed to the diversity of Islamic legal interpretations and jurisprudential practices. The study also highlights how these madhabs have adapted and evolved over time, responding to new challenges and maintaining their relevance in contemporary contexts. Thus, this study provides insights into the historical and intellectual dynamics that continue to shape Islamic law to this day.
Keywords: Historicity, Four Madhabs, Islamic Law, Intellectual Thought, Social Context.
 
Abstrak
Studi ini mengeksplorasi historisitas dan pengaruh sosial-intelektual dalam pengembangan pemikiran hukum Islam yang diwakili oleh empat madzhab utama: Hanafi, Maliki, Syafi’i, dan Hanbali. Penelitian ini menggali latar belakang historis dan konteks sosial yang membentuk pandangan hukum para imam pendiri madzhab, serta bagaimana faktor-faktor tersebut mempengaruhi produk pemikiran hukum mereka. Melalui pendekatan analitis dan deskriptif, penelitian ini mengungkap bagaimana perbedaan geografis, politik, dan budaya berkontribusi pada keragaman interpretasi hukum Islam dan praktik yurisprudensi. Penelitian ini juga menyoroti bagaimana madzhab-madzhab ini telah beradaptasi dan berevolusi seiring waktu, menanggapi tantangan baru dan mempertahankan relevansi mereka dalam konteks kontemporer. Dengan demikian, studi ini memberikan wawasan tentang dinamika historis dan intelektual yang terus membentuk hukum Islam hingga saat ini.
Kata Kunci: Historisitas, Madzhab Arba’ah, Hukum Islam, Pemikiran Intelektual, Konteks Sosial.
HMPA (Hukum Materiil Peradilan Agama) Tentang Ahli Waris Pengganti : Tinjauan Ontologi, Epistimologi, Dan Aksiologi Hukum Islam
Authors: Sharfina Permata Noor Erla , Jalaluddin Jalaluddin , Azhari Fathurrahman , Hamdi Fahmi
Published: August 2024

Abtrack
This paper examines the concept of substitutional heir (plaatsvervulling) in Islamic inheritance law from the perspectives of ontology, epistemology, and axiology. The concept of substitutional heir regulates the inheritance mechanism when the primary heir (biological child) has passed away before the testator (parent). Differences in interpretation among Islamic legal scholars regarding this concept can affect the final outcome of inheritance distribution, especially in cases involving complex family structures. This paper aims to unify perspectives and develop a comprehensive guideline on the application of the substitutional heir concept. From the ontological aspect, the paper explores the essence and philosophical foundation of this concept within Islamic teachings. Epistemologically, the paper examines the sources and interpretive methods used. From the axiological perspective, the paper evaluates the values and objectives to be achieved through the implementation of this concept in realizing justice, utility, and general welfare in the distribution of inheritance according to Islamic law.
Keywords: Substitutional heir (plaatsvervulling), Islamic inheritance law, Ontology of Islamic law, Epistemology of Islamic law, Axiology of Islamic law.
 
Abstrak
Makalah ini mengkaji konsep ahli waris pengganti (plaatsvervulling) dalam hukum kewarisan Islam dari perspektif ontologi, epistemologi, dan aksiologi. Konsep ahli waris pengganti mengatur mekanisme pewarisan ketika ahli waris utama (anak kandung) telah meninggal lebih dulu daripada pewaris (orang tua). Perbedaan interpretasi di kalangan ahli hukum Islam terkait konsep ini dapat mempengaruhi hasil akhir pembagian harta warisan, khususnya dalam kasus yang melibatkan struktur keluarga kompleks. Makalah ini bertujuan untuk menyatukan pandangan dan menyusun pedoman komprehensif mengenai penerapan konsep ahli waris pengganti. Dari sisi ontologi, dibahas hakikat dan landasan filosofis konsep ini dalam ajaran Islam. Secara epistemologi, dikaji sumber dan metode interpretasi yang digunakan. Dari sisi aksiologi, dinilai nilai-nilai dan tujuan yang ingin dicapai melalui implementasi konsep ini dalam mewujudkan keadilan, kemanfaatan, dan kemaslahatan umum dalam pembagian harta warisan.
 
Kata Kunci : Ahli waris pengganti, Hukum kewarisan Islam, Ontologi hukum Islam, Epistemologi hukum Islam, Aksiologi hukum Islam
Konsep Hukum Muasyarah Pada Masyarakat Modern Menurut Syekh Muhammad Arsyad Al-Banjari Dan Syekh Nawawi Al-Bantani
Authors: Endika Permana Putra  , Putri Adhalia Mariza  , Al-'Aina Nadhrah , Anwar Hafidzi
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This study aims to analyze the understanding and application of the laws of iddah and mu'asharah within the context of modern society. The law of iddah, which is the waiting period for women after divorce or the death of a husband, and mu'asharah, which pertains to the interactions between husband and wife, have strong foundations in classical Islamic jurisprudence. However, the social and cultural dynamics of the modern era influence how these laws are interpreted and applied by contemporary society. Utilizing a literature review approach, this research examines the evolving understanding and implementation of the laws of iddah and mu'asharah by collecting data through extensive literature review. The findings indicate that while there are efforts to maintain the essence of classical law, significant adaptations have been made by modern society to align with current social conditions and contemporary needs. This study also identifies the factors driving these changes. These findings provide insights into how Islamic law remains relevant and dynamic in the face of changing times and highlight the importance of contextualizing legal principles in the daily lives of modern society.
Keywords:    Iddah, Deceased, Passed Away, Muasyarah
 
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pemahaman dan penerapan hukum iddah dan muasyarah dalam konteks masyarakat modern. Hukum iddah, sebagai masa tunggu bagi wanita setelah perceraian atau kematian suami, serta muasyarah, yang berkaitan dengan interaksi suami istri, memiliki landasan yang kuat dalam hukum Islam klasik. Namun, dinamika sosial dan budaya di era modern mempengaruhi cara masyarakat memaknai dan menerapkan hukum ini. Melalui pendekatan studi literatur, penelitian ini mengkaji perubahan pemahaman dan pelaksanaan hukum iddah dan muasyarah dengan mengumpulkan data melalui studi literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun ada upaya mempertahankan esensi hukum klasik, terdapat adaptasi signifikan yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat modern untuk menyesuaikan dengan kondisi sosial dan kebutuhan kontemporer. Penelitian ini juga mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mendorong perubahan tersebut. Temuan ini memberikan wawasan tentang bagaimana hukum Islam tetap relevan dan dinamis dalam menghadapi perubahan zaman, serta pentingnya kontekstualisasi hukum dalam kehidupan sehari-hari masyarakat modern.
Kata Kunci:Iddah, Wafat, Meninggal, Muasyarah
PENGARUH MENGHAFAL AL-QUR’AN METODE ONE DAY ONE AYAT TERHADAP PENINGKATAN DAYA INGAT ANAK USIA 5-6 TAHUN DI TK MALIMPUNG PATAMPANUA PINRANG
Authors: Idrus Paradiba Qisti Albab , Akil Musi Muhamammad , Yusri Bachtiar Muhammad
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
Paradiba Q.A.Idrus, 2022. The Effect of Memorizing the Al-Qur'an One Day One Verse Method on Improving the Memory of 5-6 Years Old Children in TK MALIMPUNG. Department of Early Childhood Education Teacher Education. Faculty of Science Education. Makassar public university. (Supervised by Dr.Muhammad Akil Musi, S.Pd, M.Pd and Dr. Muhammad Yusri Bachtiar, S.Pd, M.Pd).
There are various ways to improve early childhood memory, one of which is by memorizing the Qur'an. There are so many methods of memorizing the Koran that were developed to make it easier to memorize the Koran, including in Indonesia itself there are various methods, one of which is the One Day One Verse Method. The One Day One Verse method itself was first introduced by Ustadz Yusuf Mansur as the founder of Darul Qur'an. This study aims to identify the effect of the One Day One Verse method on improving the memory of children aged 5-6 years in TK MALIMPUNG. This study uses a quantitative approach with experimental methods, and the type of experiment used is quasi-experimental with a nonequivalent control group design. The population in this study were all students of group B TK MALIMPUNG. The sampling of this research used random sampling technique. The sample of this study were 36 children, 18 children as the experimental group and 18 children as the control group. Data collection techniques were carried out by observation, test, and documentation techniques. The data analysis technique used is the help of IBM SPSS Statistics 22. The data analysis method used is the t-test. Based on the results of the significance level, the results obtained are 0.767> 0.05. Based on the results of the data analysis, it can be concluded that there is no effect of memorizing the Qur'an using the One Day One Verse Method on the Memory Improvement of children aged 5-6 years.
Keyword : Qur'an, one day one verse method,Memory.
STIMULASI KEMAMPUAN KLASIFIKASI PRA-MATEMATIKA (WARNA DAN BENTUK GEOMETRI) PADA ANAK USIA 4-5 TAHUN MELALUI PERMAINAN SORTING COLOR DI TK KHADIJAH 150
Authors: Mutamimah Siti , Wahyuningsih Riris , Bahari Jon Iskandar
Published: August 2024

Pre-mathematical classification is one aspect of cognitive development. Classification is important to introduce to train children to think logically from an early age and hone children's thinking power in managing information, namely observing the similarities and differences of objects so that they can add new knowledge for children. The purpose of this study was to stimulate children's pre-mathematical classification skills through color sorting games. Based on observations  made at Khadijah Kindergarten 150, it was found that children's pre-mathematical classification abilities were still low because of the assumption that the compulsory learning in schools was reading, writing, and arithmetic. So that in learning activities the teacher only uses thematic books as the main learning resource, while the color sorting game is only used as a safety activity and is rarely applied. In this study using descriptive qualitative research from the data generated through observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis technique uses the Miles and Huberman model. As for the validity of the data using Source Triangulation. The subjects in this study were principals and teachers of class A2, and children aged 4-5 years in group A2 at Khadijah 150 Kindergarten. Based on the results of research and data analysis carried out collaboratively between teachers and researchers resulted in the conclusion that the color sorting game can stimulate pre-mathematical classification skills (geometric shapes and colors) in children aged 4-5 years at Khadijah Kindergarten 150 in the 2021/2022 academic year optimally .
MENINGKATKAN KARAKTER SOPAN SANTUN MELALUI PERMAINAN ULAR TANGGA AKHLAKUL KARIMAH UNTUK ANAK KELOMPOK B DI RAUDHATUL ATHFAL (RA) DARUL MAKMUR TEGALDLIMO BANYUWANGI
Authors: Syamsudin Moh. Anas , Habibah Rosadi Yayuk
Published: August 2024

Teaching manners to early childhood is very important. In Indonesian government regulations, the character of manners for early childhood has been contained in the form of indicators that must be mastered by children at a certain age. But unfortunately there are several indicators of polite character that have not been mastered by group B children in RA Darul Makmur, namely 1.) Children are not used to shaking hands with teachers or friends, 2.) Children like to swear, 3.) The child likes to mock his friends, 4.) The child is not used to saying please, sorry and thank you, 5.)  Children are not used to asking permission when borrowing 6.) The child likes to interrupt the teacher's whispering. The purpose of this study was to determine the application of playing akhlakul karimah snakes and ladder to improve the character of manners in group B children in RA Darul Makmur, as well as to determine the improvement of children's character manners after the implementation of the game. The type of research used is classroom action research. Data collection techniques use observation, documentation, and treatment. Data analysis techniques use descriptive qualitative and descriptive quantitative. The subjects in this study were group B children totaling 14 children. The results of this study show that the application of the snake and ladder game akhlakul karimah for grade B children in RA Darul Makmur is carried out in four stages, namely 1.) preparation, 2.) implementation, 3.) evaluation, 4.) observation of changes in children's behavior. Through the application of the snake and ladder game akhlakul karimah, the character of the manners of group B children in RA Darul Makmur has improved. This can be seen from the number of children who achieved completion in the pre-cycle stage as many as 5 children (35.71%), cycle 1 as many as 8 children (57.14%), and cycle 2 as many as 12 children (85.71%).
PENGARUH PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI TERHADAP PENDAPATAN DAERAH PASCA DESENTRALISASI FISKAL
Authors: Supeno Edy Imam , Ansari Ansari
Published: August 2024

The era of decentralization encourages economic growth, both in terms of revenue and expenditure so that it has increased compared to before the era of decentralization. However, the effect of fiscal decentralization is much greater on the expenditure side than the regional revenue side. This research method uses library research. The approach used in this study uses a qualitative approach which is often called the naturalistic research method because the research is carried out in natural conditions (natural setting). Meanwhile, data analysis is descriptive analytical, so that the research analysis is carried out qualitatively both on secondary data and primary data. The results showed that fiscal decentralization has a negative influence on economic growth, which means that the higher the fiscal decentralization, the lower the economic growth; Economic growth has a positive effect on the welfare of people in the regions, which means that the higher the economic growth, the higher the welfare of the people, and fiscal decentralization has a positive effect on people's welfare in growing the economy, which means that the higher the fiscal decentralization, the higher the welfare of the people. Fiscal decentralization, which has a positive effect on people's welfare, has sufficiently explained that fiscal decentralization in Indonesia on the right track.
THE PLACE OF THE REPUBLIC EDUCATION COUNCIL IN HEYDAR ALIYEV'S NATIONAL EDUCATION POLICY
Authors: Sərdarova Mehriban
Published: August 2024

In the educational history of the independent Republic of Azerbaijan, the Republican Education Council occupies an important place with its history of creation, content, and rich heritage. In this article, the Republican Education Council, which has held an important position in the process of educational construction of our independent state for many years, is considered as the educational heritage of Heydar Aliyev, and the study of its place in the construction of national education is discussed.
21st CENTURY SKILLS IN EDUCATION: OUR YESTERDAY, TODAY
Authors: Əliyev Ramiz
Published: August 2024

The article "21st century skills in education: our yesterday, our today" discusses the need to transform today's education system to better prepare students to meet the demands of the future and compete globally. The article emphasises the importance of essential XXI century skills such as critical thinking, creative thinking, analytical skills, problem solving, communication skills, teamwork, collaboration, multidisciplinary knowledge management and use of technology. It is also stated that this transformation in education requires the emergence of an approach that emphasises the development of learners' thinking and application skills, rather than merely transferring knowledge. The article aims to focus on innovations in the education system in order to train students as specialists who meet the changing demands and needs of the career world. XXI century skills of learners: tradition and modernity.
Fernando VII, el rey providencial enviado de Dios.
Authors: La Parra López Emilio
Published: August 2024

La invocación de la Providencia fue uno de los recursos más usuales utilizados en 1814 y 1815 por el clero del entorno de Fernando VII con el fin de justificar la legitimidad del rey para destruir el orden constitucional y ejercer un poder sin limitaciones. Desde este punto de partida, el clero construyó un discurso reaccionario en el que se enfatizó el carácter católico de la monarquía española y la estrecha alianza entre la Corona y la Iglesia. En realidad, sin embargo, el propósito fundamental de este discurso consistió en fortalecer la Iglesia católica.
"¿Convidados de piedra o promotores del cambio?" Actividades del sindicalismo anglo-estadounidense en España, 1971-1977
Authors: Rodríguez Francisco J. , Hosoda Haruko
Published: August 2024

Este artículo pretende examinar la actitud de la confederación sindical estadounidense, AFL-CIO, y las Trade Union británicas hacia sus homólogos españoles, tanto el “Vertical” como los antifranquistas. El marco cronológico elegido va desde las postrimerías del franquismo a la legalización de los sindicatos en 1977. El texto pretende examinar en qué medida la parte española recibió formación, influencias o estímulos que favorecieron la posterior transición de un modelo sindical dictatorial a uno homologable al nuevo contexto democrático. Atención especial recibirá la UGT. Organización cuyo paso de la clandestinidad y la debilidad en el interior frente a CC.OO., al liderazgo posterior estuvo estrechamente relacionado con factores externos. Intentaremos explicar los entresijos de tales relaciones, contrastando documentos inéditos de archivos estadounidenses y británicos con fuentes españolas.
La reimplantación de la UGT en Extremadura (1971-1982)
Authors: Berzal de la Rosa Enrique
Published: August 2024

La Unión General de Trabajadores en Extremadura sufrió terriblemente la represión franquista desatada en la zona desde el mismo momento de comenzar la Guerra Civil. Este artículo destaca las dificultades que la Comisión Ejecutiva en el exilio tuvo para relanzar el sindicato en los años 60, y la importancia del XXX Congreso de la UGT, en 1976, para su consecución definitiva. Una vez reconstruido, el sindicato se vio afectado también por dos graves crisis internas en los años 70: la desatada entre “históricos” y “renovadores” y la generada en Badajoz entre militantes de la localidad y la dirección federal.
Estrechando lazos. Cuba y España en las redes anarquistas internacionales (1900-1925)
Authors: Sánchez Cobo Amparo
Published: August 2024

Este texto analiza los vínculos trasnacionales que conectaron a los anarquistas de Cuba con los de España después de la independencia con el objetivo de demostrar que lejos de provocar la españolización del movimiento obrero cubano, como se ha interpretado habitualmente, sirvieron para conectar a los trabajadores de la isla con la comunidad anarquista internacional e integrar al movimiento obrero cubano en las redes libertarias tejidas en el mundo Atlántico desde las décadas finales del siglo XIX.
Los papeles de la prensa anarquista en el cambio de siglo
Authors: Herrerín López Ángel
Published: August 2024

El anarquismo a finales del siglo XIX y principios del XX tuvo una importante presencia en España en el movimiento obrero que se articuló con la I Internacional. Su huella también era fundamental en otros grupos de la época: antimilitaristas, naturalistas, neomalthusianos ..., que conformaron el embrión de los importantes movimientos sociales de la segunda mitad del siglo pasado. El presente artículo analiza el papel que desempeñó la prensa anarquista en el desarrollo, ya no sólo de la organización obrera, sino también en la expansión de la ideología, de las tácticas empleadas y de una educación y cultura diferentes.
Presentación. Movimientos sociales y culturas políticas en la construcción de ciudadanía: la transición española
Authors: Ortiz Heras Manuel
Published: August 2024

Presentación del número 14. Movimientos sociales y culturas políticas en la construcción de ciudadanía: la transición española.
Campesinas
Authors: Ortega López Teresa María
Published: August 2024

Este artículo pretende dar a conocer a las campesinas como sujetos sociales e históricos. Pretende así romper el "silencio historiográfico" que tradicionalmente ha pesado sobre estas mujeres, y al mismo tiempo contravenir la imagen que de las mujeres rurales se ha venido presentando y transmitiendo a lo largo del tiempo en el ámbito académico. Frente a los análisis e interpretaciones más tradicionales, la investigación que se presenta muestra a las campesinas como un “colectivo estratégico” y como potenciales “agentes de cambio”. Para dar cumplimiento a estos objetivos, el artículo se sitúa en el periodo correspondiente al tardorfranquismo, a la Transición Política y a los primeros años de nuestra actual Democracia.
Militancia de partido en la cultura política de la transición
Authors: Ortiz Heras Manuel
Published: August 2024

Este trabajo propone revisar los procedimientos que se siguieron en la Transición española para construir una ciudadanía democrática y nuevos hábitos de participación a partir de la organización de un partido político. Se alcanzaron ciertos valores de aquella y se pergeñó una democracia que no primó las fórmulas de participación más activas, lo que puede llegar a afectar a la versión hegemónica de la Transición. Esta propuesta se centrará en una parte importante de la sociedad civil que actuará con distintos grados de intensidad en la construcción de un proyecto político que acabaría convirtiéndose en partido. Una formación, la Unión de Centro Democrático, que pasó de una vaga posibilidad a una firme realidad y pieza clave de la primera fase de la Transición. Supuso la construcción de un modelo de cultura política elitista, de ciudadanía política poco participativa, fundamental para entender las fortalezas y debilidades de un modelo de democracia controlada por un partido muy burocratizado y jerarquizado que preconizaba la moderación reformista como vía hacia la modernización.
Los latinoamericanos de Franco.
Authors: Bertonha João Fábio
Published: August 2024

Durante la Guerra Civil Española, hubo voluntarios extranjeros para combatir tanto en el lado republicano como en el sublevado. En el ejército de Franco, no más de dos mil hombres vinieron del extranjero como voluntarios, cerca de 200 de ellos de América Latina. El objetivo de este trabajo es el estudio de estos 200 voluntarios, sus motivaciones y orígenes, con especial énfasis en sus relaciones con la Falange Española y otros grupos de la derecha española en aquel momento histórico.
Los inicios políticos de Eduardo Dato en las elecciones de 1884. Poder e influencia política en la España canovista.
Authors: Costa Martínez Robert
Published: August 2024

La última década del siglo XIX encierra para la historia contemporánea de España una gran trascendencia. Paralelamente a los grandes acontecimientos que tienen lugar a lo largo de estos años, podemos observar los albores de una nueva generación política que, una vez desaparecido Cánovas, Silvela, Sagasta, Castelar, etc., será la encargada de nutrir las filas de la élite dirigente del país; hablamos de Maura, Canalejas, Romanones y, entre ellos, Eduardo Dato. A los déficits democráticos propios del sistema político había que sumar un amplio abanico de particularidades en la batalla electoral. Con este artículo nos hemos propuesto ahondar en los inicios de la carrera política de Dato, uno de los estadistas fundamentales y más prolíficos en la historia contemporánea de España.
La administración municipal republicana en Lisboa (una síntesis), 1908-1926
Authors: Relvas Eunice
Published: August 2024

La primera corporación republicana que administró el municipio de Lisboa tomó posesión el 30 de noviembre de 1908. Su elección configuró un asalto al poder y su administración reveló que la República poseía individuos idóneos para gobernar el país contribuyendo al derribo de la monarquía en 1910. Analizaremos la acción de las sucesivas corporaciones en relación a los problemas fundamentales de la ciudad hasta la última edilidad, depuesta en julio de 1926. En un recorrido que fue de la esperanza al desaliento, conforme a la insuficiente ejecución de medidas y emprendimientos que la capital portuguesa necesitaba y los munícipes reivindicaban.
La entrada en la política local: la Unión Republicana en el Ayuntamiento de Sevilla, 1903-1907
Authors: López Villa Antonio
Published: August 2024

El objetivo de este artículo es trazar la trayectoria de la Unión Republicana de Sevilla desde su formación en 1903 hasta 1907. Durante este período el partido liderado por José Montes Sierra consiguió la victoria en dos ocasiones en las elecciones municipales, 1903 y 1905. Por primera vez desde el comienzo de la Restauración concejales republicanos ocuparon un asiento en el Ayuntamiento de Sevilla. La presencia republicana en el consistorio revitalizó la vida política de la ciudad, con ideas como la regeneración local y el bienestar de los ciudadanos. Pero los buenos resultados electorales no evitaron las divisiones en la organización.
Candiduria en pacientes críticos: etiología y sensibilidad antifúngica de aislados obtenidos en la unidad de cuidados intensivos de un hospital universitario
Authors: García Yotsabeth , Hernández Valles Rosaura , Martínez Méndez Dilia
Published: August 2024

El aislamiento de Candida spp. en orina es un hallazgo de importancia en pacientes críticos. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la frecuencia de Candida spp. en urocultivos de pacientes ingresados en una unidad de cuidados intensivos y evaluar la susceptibilidad in vitro a los antifúngicos usando el método de difusión en agar en especies identificadas mediante API 20 C AUX®. Durante seis meses se evaluaron los urocultivos obtenidos en 28 pacientes; 46% de ellos fueron positivos para Candida spp. Los aislados se identificaron como: C. tropicalis (48%, n=13), Nakaseomyces glabrata (20%, n=5), C. albicans (7%, n=2), complejo C. parapsilosis (7%, n=2), Meyerozyma guilliermondii (7%, n=2) y tres aislados no Candida, correspondientes al complejo Trichosporon (11%, n=3). El 74% fue sensible al fluconazol, 96% a voriconazol, 52% a itraconazol y el total de ellas fue sensible a caspofungina y anfotericina B. Las especies de C. no-albicans fueron las aisladas con mayor frecuencia y la sensibilidad a los azoles presentó diferencias especie específicas importantes.
Understanding The Effectiveness Of Virtual Reality In Medical Training A Prospective Observation Study.
Authors: Allah Noor  , Arif Ullah
Published: August 2024

Background: The medical training procedures need fine skills and brings many practical experiences. They do not have highly engaging and interactive components that are seen in contemporary approaches. Virtual Reality (VR) gives a controlled environment whereby knowledge is comprehended and cemented more conveniently since the learner is afforded a physical environment in which he can practice and make mistakes without consequence.
Objectives : This study aimed to understand the effectiveness of using VR training in relation to the improvement in the medical students’ knowledge, practical skills and confidence at BKMC,MMC.
 Study Design: A Prospective observation study
 Place and duration of study : 05-July 2022 to 05-Dec 2022 at Bacha Khan Medical College Mardan
 Methods : out of 100 medical students BKMC received the six-months training through VR from January to 05-July 2022 to 05-Dec 2022. The program comprises of such functional areas as anatomy/surgery and emergencies. The effectiveness of the training was assessed through a quantitative approach; this involved; a pre-training and post-training assessment exam, practical assessment, and group feedback questionnaires.
 Results : our study finding shows that 100 students whose mean age was 22. 5 years ± 2. 3 years. Knowledge retention was enhanced by 35 percent ( p < 0. 01 ). Another interesting observation was an overall positive reaction in terms of practical competencies enhancement: the difference amounted to 40%, significance level being equal to 0,01. Self-confidence increased and the number of students who claimed to be more ready for realistic situations, increased to 85%. The reaction to the feedback on training and particularly on VR training was positive as people noted that the training was fun and effective.
 Conclusion: Important conclusions that have been made in the study involve; VR training increases knowledge acquisition and retention, improves on practical aspects, and increases student’s confidence. One of the characteristics of using VR is that learning endeavours are enhanced because of the engagement of multiple senses. It is therefore possible to underline that integration of VR in medical curricula me an effective strategy in obtaining a more appropriate approach to educational process which prepares students for clinical practice.
 Keywords: Understanding ,Virtual Reality, Training and Simulation, Education
POLICIAMENTO PREDITIVO E INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL: ANÁLISE DE DESEMPENHO DO ALGORITMO DE APRENDIZADO DE MÁQUINA SUPERVISIONADO RANDOM FOREST NA PREDIÇÃO DE OCORRÊNCIAS POLICIAIS DE ROUBO NAS ZONAS DA REGIÃO METROPOLITANA DE SÃO LUÍS
Authors:   Orientador: Prof. Dr. Mauro Sérgio Silva Pinto, Monteiro Milton ,   Co-orientador: Prof. Dr. Cícero Costa Quarto
Published: August 2024

Predictive policing is a concept based on the premise that it is possible to predict when and where crimes will occur again in the future by using sophisticated computer analysis based on data from previously committed crimes (UCHIDA, as cited in NORTON, 2013, pp. 32–33). The aim of this article is to analyze the spatial prediction of crimes, highlighting the importance of innovative approaches in the field of public safety management. Specifically, the article explores practical applications of using Artificial Intelligence (AI) through supervised machine learning algorithms for classification, using the emergency call records database (190) of robbery incidents in the metropolitan region of São Luís as input, and comparing results through validation techniques for the Random Forest algorithm. Through detailed analysis of these data, the potential of predictive policing is illustrated not only to anticipate criminal events but also to develop a computational tool capable of assisting and supporting strategic decision-making, significantly contributing to troop allocation management and, consequently, to the enhancement of preventive urban patrol services.
NOVOS PARADIGMAS AOS DOCENTES DO ENSINO SUPERIOR COM O USO DA INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL PELOS ESTUDANTES, O CASO DO CHATGPT
Authors: Chitsumba Carlitos , Romhungwe Solomone , Cazança João
Published: August 2024

This communication deals with “New paradigms for higher education teachers with the use of artificial intelligence by students, with the specific case of ChatGPT”, which aims to analyze the new roles that teachers must adopt with the use of artificial intelligence by students. Recently, the use of the famous ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence tool created by OpenIA, by society with access to technology, has been frequent. This practice has had a positive and negative impact on Teaching and Learning Process (TLP) in Higher Education institutions, requiring a general and specific analysis. about how teachers can adapt to this reality. Exposing this communication makes teachers aware of taking new positions and pedagogical measures during their Teaching and Learning Process. Furthermore, some results from surveys submitted to some higher education teachers from various national institutions will be presented. There will also be recommendations on how teachers can adapt to the new pedagogical reality without changing the real meaning of the Teaching and Learning Process.
Towards an Algerian National Authority File: A Proposal for the Development of an Electronic Bilingual Authority File
Authors: Tigrine Hassiba , Chougui Ghania
Published: August 2024

This study addresses the issue of authority control. It aims to define the process of developing an electronic bilingual authority file based on the Algerian national bibliography access points. The model contains four types of authority file (personal names, corporate bodies, geographic names and subjects). To achieve the objectives of the study, the researcher has used the survey method to extract the research sample from the Algerian Union Catalogue, and then develop the electronic model, which contains both linked authority and bibliographic records.The practical study has allowed defining the different stages of authority control process, and necessary tools to create and approve the bibliographic entries with comprehensive data.
Quality of analytical bibliographic records for journals articles in electronic publishing project of the Egyptian Universities Union Catalog
Authors: Shaaban Al Hassan
Published: August 2024

The Current Study aimed at profound recognizing the identity and structure of the analytical records and showing examples of foreign and Arabic indexing projects. It also aimed at shedding light on the indexing project related to the The union catalog of Egyptian university libraries by identifying the stages of the indexing project. Recognition of the main stages of papering the analytical records and the technical tools used, is one of the essential aims of the current study. In the meantime, the researcher also identified the errors committed within the analytical records and indicated the points of views of those who work with the indexing project and their justifications of such errors. The researcher used both the descriptive analytical and evaluative methods to achieve the objectives of the current study.
Content enrichment of OPAC and its impact on the precision of search and information retrieval services: survey study of Algerian university libraries catalogs
Authors: Badreddine Attia , Gamouh Nadjia
Published: August 2024

This study aims to identify the most important features of available Algerian university libraries on-line catalogs from different aspects of dealing with the capabilities of information search and retrieval, as well as aspects of enriching the content of these catalogs and to identify the used automated systems, and to determine the difficulties faced when searching them, through finding out the differences between these catalogues and the impact of content enrichment services on retrieved information. In order to collect the necessary data, a survey was conducted in which observation and experiment were adopted as two basic tools for collecting data using the survey method. The sample included 27 university libraries out of a total population of 50 libraries, which were deliberately selected and include libraries that actually allow their catalogs. The results indicated that either the PMB system or the Syngeb system was adopted by most libraries to enable their online catalog. The results also found that the research is one of the most important difficulties facing users because it is not possible to search the content of all the bibliographic records’ fields. Concerning content enrichment, however, was limited to 3 elements including cover photos, abstracts and full text, if any. Based on these findings, the study presented a set of recommendations; the most important of them consists of a proposal for the adoption of a project to enrich documents, especially those published in Arabic, by the National Library since the latter issues the legal deposit and collects documentary collections.
Planning to provide the human book service in the libraries of Menoufia University
Authors: Daoud Tamer
Published: August 2024

The scientific study being prepared by researcher Tamer Hanafi Dawoud, lecturer in the Department of Libraries and Information, Menoufia University, aims to plan the provision of book/human library services in the libraries of Menoufia University. This is one of the most important justifications for conducting this study, represented by the researcher’s desire to develop the service base of the university libraries, so that it includes new and non-typical types of information services, to which a large segment of the beneficiaries of the university library community (students) may respond, especially in light of the reluctance Notes about reading library resources. The researcher conducted a survey directed at the human base (human sources/books) to be used in providing the service, in order to measure their response to voluntary participation in activating and providing the service. The idea/initiative was appreciated by the majority of them (who are university professors in various human specializations). + Some trustworthy and experienced people known for their knowledge, morals, and attractive charisma.
The Effect of Phase I of Cardiac Rehabilitation on Length of Stay for Coronary Heart Disease Patients at Mardi Waluyo Hospital, Blitar City
Authors: Cholis Eko Prastyo , Nurachmah Elly , Adam Muhamad
Published: August 2024

Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is a specific term for a cardiovascular disease characterized by narrowing coronary artery tissue mainly due to atherosclerosis that causes microangiopathy. CHD patients in the treatment, in addition to receiving treatment, also receive rehabilitation to help speed up the recovery from physical, psychological, and social conditions. The rehabilitation program should be given since admission to the hospital, known as phase I of Cardiac Rehabilitation. One of the components of phase I of Cardiac Rehabilitation is a physical activity aimed at speeding up the recovery of the patient's condition to return to regular activities. This study aims to determine the relationship between cardiac phase I rehabilitation for the length of patient care for CHD in Mardi Waluyo Hospital Blitar City. This study used a quasi-experimental design with the post-test only non-equivalent group. The sample in this study consisted of 14 respondents from the intervention group and 14 patients for the control group respondents who were diagnosed with CHD in Mardi Waluyo Hospital, Blitar City, matching the specified inclusion criteria. The results showed a significant correlation between heart phase I rehabilitation on the duration of care (p-value = 0.007). The statistical test used a bivariate correlation test with the Mann-Whitney Test. This result yielded that it needs to be given early on to CHD patients as it can help the healing process and shorten hospitalization. Furthermore, the shorter length of care will further save the operational costs of CHD patient care.
The Effect of Dysmenorrhea Gymnastics on the Pain Scale of Dysmenorrhea in Young Women in Youth Development Social Services (PSBR)
Authors: Ekapuspitasari Dita Yanuar , Sari Yeni Kartika , Widigdo Trio
Published: August 2024

Teenager women experience growth and development, one of which is characterized by the occurrence of haid. Dysmenorrhoea is often found at the beginning of menstruation young women experience menstrual pain. Exercise in this case gymnastics dysmenorrhea is shown to increase b-endorphin 4 to 5 times in the blood. Data obtained from the youth poly of UPT Puskesmas Kec. Sananwetan in September 2020 showed that 2 out of 5 PSBR teenagers who came to the UPT Puskesmas Kec. Sananwetan experienced complaints of dysmenorrhea every month. Research aims to determine the effect of giving Dysmenorrhea gymnastics on young women in PSBR Blitar City. This study included a quasi-experimental study with a population of 35 young women and samplingusing Purposive Sampling. Based on the results of a study conducted using a dependent T-test statistical test (dependent T-test), the time of  dysmenorrhea pain before dysmenorrhea gymnastics in young women was 4 (16%) adolescents experiencing mild dysmenorrhea pain, 12 (48%) adolescents experiencing moderate pain, and 9 (36%) adolescents experiencing severe pain scale, dysmenorrhea pain scale after dysmenorrhea gymnastics in young women is 3 (12%) adolescents do not experience dysmenorrhea pain,  22 (88%) adolescents experience moderate pain. This study proves that dysmenorrheagymnastics has a significant influence on the scale of dysmenorrhea pain in adolescents in the Social Service of Youth Development (PSBR) of Blitar City.
"The Influence of Education using the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) Method to Enhance Knowledge of Pre-Disaster Preparedness for Mount Kelud Eruption in Students of Penataran 03 Elementary School."
Authors: Nurfinanda Pipit , Mujito Mujito
Published: August 2024

Abstract: Preparedness is an activity to anticipate pre-disaster mitigation so that each individual is always ready and prepared to face natural disasters. This study aims to determine the knowledge of school-aged children about pre-disaster preparedness for the eruption of Mount Kelud. This study used a pre-experimental method with a sample size of 31 respondents taken through purposive sampling technique. Data collection was done using a questionnaire. The results of the study showed a significant increase in knowledge. The pre-test results showed that there were no respondents in the good knowledge category, but after being given education using the Time Games Tournament method, there were 23 respondents (74%) in that category. Additionally, the category of sufficient knowledge increased from 0% to 26%, and the category of poor knowledge decreased from 100% to 0%. The Time Games Tournament method is an effective learning technique for delivering pre-disaster preparedness knowledge in a fun way. This method can also increase students' spirit, enable them to actively participate, foster a sense of togetherness and mutual respect, and improve creativity. Therefore, educators and health workers are expected to apply an educational program using the Time Games Tournament learning method in conducting health education. Keywords: preparedness, education, Team Games Tournament method, school age child
Diabetes Mellitus Patients' Knowledge About Hypoglycemia and Initial Management of Hypoglycemia
Authors: Abiddin Andi Hayyun , Anam Agus Khoirul
Published: August 2024

Acute complications Diabetes Mellitus such as hypoglycemia is an emergency situation that can occur in the course of Diabetes mellitus disease. Hypoglycemia is a result of lower blood sugar levels below normal. The purpose of this research is to know the description of Diabetes Mellitus patient's knowledge about Hypoglycemia and the initial treatment of Hypoglycemia. The research design used descriptive research design and purposive sampling technique with a sample size of 30 people. Data collection using questionnaire sheet. The results showed that Diabetes Mellitus patients on the initial handling of Hypoglycemia found that 46.7% were in the category of knowledge enough and 16.7% less. Counseling by Polyclinic officers in Diabetes Mellitus patients about early handling Hypoglycemia needs to be done to treat Hypoglycemia.
The Effect of Benson Relaxation on Anxiety Levels In Major Surgical Preoperative Patients in the Dahlia Room Mardi Waluyo Blitar Hospital
Authors: Setiyono Agus , Sari Yeni Kartika , Pribadi Yohanes Kusuma
Published: August 2024

Surgery can cause excessive fear and anxiety and can lead to complications. To reduce anxiety, non-pharmacological techniques is Benson Relaxation Therapi which is carried out by deep breathing and accompanied by beliefs held by the patient to achieve a relaxed state. Population on this research is preoperative major surgery patients. Sampling technique with Purposive Sampling 22 respondent. This research method : Quasy Experimental with One Group Pre-Test Post-Test, using questionnaire sheets, Standard Operating Procedures of Benson’s Relaxations, and Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test analysis.  The purpose of study to determine the effect of Benson’s Relaxations on anxiety levels in preoperative major surgery patients. The Results of the Study : Using the analysis with the results of p-value = 0.000 which means <0.005. Conclusion : There is an effect of Benson’s Relaxation on the anxiety levels of pre operative major surgery patients. With the result of  this reseach be used as a reference  for Mardi Waluyo Blitar District Hospital in publishing of SPO Benson’s Relaxation it can be used to treat anxiety non-pharmacologically. Beside that, of nurses are expected to be able and willing to implement of Benson’s Relaxation which is proven effective in treating anxiety patients in all patients who experience anxiety in general.Keywords : Surgery, Benson Relaxation Technique, Anxiety