bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transient Regimes Analysis for a Diesel Engine
Authors: Sabau Adrian
Published: November 2013

A computer analysis has been developed for studying the energy and exergy performance of an direct-injection, naturally-aspirated diesel engine operating under transient load or speed conditions. The model is validated at steady-state operation and incorporates many novel features for simulating the transient response and analyzing all of the engine availability terms. The analysis reveals via multiple diagrams how the exergy properties of the diesel-engine subsystems vary according to the engine cycles for various speed and load changes. The diagrams also show the current-speed response. In addition, the effects of operating parameters such as the intensity of the applied change or heat loss to the walls are described from first-and second-law.
Longitudinal Loop Power Flow Analysis on a 4x4 Transmission Vehicle Taking into Consideration the Running Track Type
Authors: Truta Marian , Marinescu Marin , Vilau Radu , Fieraru Octavian
Published: November 2013

This paper presents an analysis for the longitudinal loop power flow of a 4x4 driven vehicle type taking into consideration the influence of the running track. The goal set up by this paper is to experimentally verify the existence of a certain dependency between the longitudinal loop power flow and the type of the running track the vehicle is moving on. Such a determination could have a positive impact by optimizing the vehicle exploitation or even its modernization. The loop power-flow is the result of the self-generated torque within the automobiles transmission, which is, at its turn, a consequence of cinematic misfits during the rolling process of the wheels. The mathematical model stated in this paper is confirmed by the means of multiple tests developed in real conditions. In order to carry out experimental research we used an all-driven, wheeled military APC, reconnaissance vehicle. The longitudinal power flow was determined with the vehicle moving in straight motion but having different rolling radius between the axles. The rolling radii of the wheels of the same axle were the same. The difference between the rolling radii was set to 0.03 m then to 0.05 m. The vehicle traveled on tarmac then on grass. The transmission of a vehicle that is susceptible in generating loop power-flow can be updated to decrease and technically eliminate it. Prior to such an update, a thorough analysis of the transmission working regimes should be performed, especially of those regimes that are most probable to generate loop power-flow. The paper presents the equipment used to perform the measurements and the way it was mounted on the vehicle. It also presents the values for the longitudinal power flow, recorded for both rolling radii differences. The results are presented in graphic display. Eventually, the paper presents the longitudinal power flow taking into account the difference between the rolling radii and its dependency towards the running tracks type. This study can be extended to all the 4WD automobiles, which have special traction control devices. The results obtained were processed in order to underline the power loops within the longitudinal transmission. Thus, important and interesting results could be drawn.
Non-Intrusive Hybrid Energy Monitoring System
Authors: Temneanu Marinel , Ardeleanu Andrei
Published: November 2013

When the optimization of the manufacturing units is considered, the management usually focus on equipment costs and technology parameters. However, being the rising price of the energy, the energy efficiency has become a sensitive issue. Detailed energy related information should be collected in order to understand the consumption profile of each relevant machine/process and identify potential energy savings. Data gathering is time-consuming and very expensive since individual metering devices have to be used for each consumer. To overcome this inconvenient, several solution have been reported. All of them are making use of a single metering device (monitoring the overall energy consumption) and some Load Signature Identification algorithms, used to disaggregate the overall energy between the identified consumers. Their relatively low detection rate (about 80-90%) hindered the spread of LSI-based architectures. In this context, a new hybrid architecture is proposed in this paper, together with it's hybrid LSI algorithm. Several test performed in an electronic prototyping facility result in a detection rate close to 100%.
Mathematical Model of the Damped Variable Cross Section Beam in Transportation
Authors: Zolkiewski Sławomir , Dziczkowski Leszek
Published: November 2013

The paper concerns the problem of vibrations of beamlike system with variable cross section. The beam is treated as the movable system in transportation. The considered problem focuses on modelling and dynamic analysis of geometrically nonlinear beam systems in rotational motion within the context of damping. The major scientific purpose of the paper is to elaborate the mathematical model of such a system. Additionally, the main motion impact on the local vibrations due to the mathematical sense is determined. Moreover, it is necessary to remember the interactions between damping forces of the above mentioned mechanisms and the transportation effect. The main motion of the system is treated as transportation, whereas the vibrations of the system are treated as relative motion. There are two types of systems considered: simple vibrating longitudinally and simple vibrating transversally in the plane transportation. The most interesting elements of the analysis determine the dynamic state of the system and present the mutual coupling of vibration amplitudes, natural frequency, and transportation velocity. Analysis of systems moving with low velocities or vibrating only locally treats the systems as already known models in literature. There are many scientific articles where the forms of vibrations of these systems have been described. Due to the obtained results it will be possible to confront mathematical models with the known stationary and non-stationary systems. As regards complex and simple systems running at high speed, the resonance phenomenon can be noticed, and depending on the amplitude and frequency of vibrations, we consider the following cases: when the amplitude reaches theoretical infinity leading in practice to permanent damage of the mechanism or when the amplitude of vibration reaches a certain speed which can cause the decrease of durability of the whole system. The adequate practical usage of the above mentioned researches is justified by its wide range of applications. In the majority of technical cases, further analysis of the systems is considered to be far too much simplified when we ignore the elements of flexibility, damping, or the nonlinear geometry of the beam. All the mentioned influences are presented in the derived mathematical model in form of equations of motion.
Simulation of the Stewart Platform Carried out Using the Siemens NX and NI LabVIEW Programs
Authors: Banaś Wacław , Herbuś Krzysztof , Kost Gabriel , Nierychlok Andrzej , Ociepka Piotr , Reclik Daniel
Published: November 2013

The paper presents the implementations of the control algorithm of a virtual system (Stewart platform) in the CAD/CAE system (Siemens NX) and in the NI LabVIEW supervisory and control system. The combination of both systems enables the virtual simulation and presentation of the results in relation to the chosen in the work virtual model of the Stewart platform. The virtual model of the Stewart platform with the imposed constraints and mobility limitations was built in the Siemens NX CAD/CAE system. Each of the modeled elements is based on the real components of the car simulator prepared for the persons with mobility impairments. The chosen model of a Stewart platform is a system with six degrees of freedom that is often used to build various types of simulators (e.g. flight, car). Using the NI LabVIEW software, a mathematical model of the Stewart platform was built and inverse kinematics task was implemented in relation to the model of the platform. The created mathematical model that describes the behavior of the Stewart platform was used to determine the inputs to the control system of platform actuators.
Simulation of Arc Welding Process
Authors: Cohal Viorel
Published: November 2013

This paper presents a program for modeling and optimization of the arc welding process. Interface of the program is divided: time-synchronized monitoring multiple welding robots, a quick calculation options are various parameters, quickly replace the original design parameters (sequence of welding, etc.), the high degree of reliability modeling of welding defects, overheated regions, distortion and residual stresses in structures, intuitive visualization and control mechanism of the modeling process. Process variables are easy to evaluate quickly by changing the welding parameters, leading to systematic optimization of fusion zones, heat-affected zones, residual stress, and distortions. The software provides tools for reporting display of distortion, temperature distribution, residual stresses, and curve progression of physical factors on fixed measuring points. As a production process tool, simulation offers an interface to RoboCad, as well as an export interface to robots. Welding paths can be simulated in real speed, direction, and inclination, and the program is capable of tracking different heat sources (Goldak model, volume sources, surface heat sources with Gauss distribution, and combinations of this). This paper presents RobotStudio simulation of welding of parts. Optimum welding parameters are set using Simufact.welding modeling.
Controlling the Movement of the Robot's Effector on the Plane Using the SVG Markup Language
Authors: Foit Krzysztof
Published: November 2013

In certain situations the robots effector must be moved strictly according to some path. The example of such case could be painting, cutting, milling, welding, glue applying etc. The common feature of the mentioned operations is that in the most of cases, the movement of the tool is realized on the plane. The advantage of use of a tool operated by a robot is that the work area could be placed anywhere in the manipulators workspace and can be set at almost any angle relative to ground. By specifying a local coordinate system, the operator can define the path of the tool. Referring to the earlier studies of the author, this paper continues the discussion of the possibility of using the markup languages in the field of robotics. The further part describes a proposal for the application of SVG markup language to describe the objects forming the path of a tool. Just like XML, the SVG code can be processed in many ways, giving the possibility of translation to the particular robots programming language. The described method has also some disadvantages arising from the purposes of the SVG standard, like the 2D nature of a path.
Technique Achievement of Glass Objects Using Kiln Casting Method
Authors: Neagu-Cogălniceanu Camelia
Published: November 2013

In the context of the competitive actual environment, the production need to adapt to the preferences of the consumers, this represents the essential goal for all manufacturers. The production flexibility can be achieved by designing and marketing of new products or/and modify existing products in short time and at low cost. The technique presented in these article addresses of manufacturers and designers who made glass products unique or small series, adapted to consumer demands. In recent decades, digital fabrication methods are developed in various fields (aeronautics, shipbuilding, automotive, construction, architecture, industrial design and so on) and gained great popularity due to relevant advantages over the traditional production methods. Sculptural surfaces (also called free form surfaces) of the product with aestethetic requirements and/or functional role can be achieved through various technologies RP & M (Rapid Prototyping and Manufacturing). The Rapid Prototyping technologies can be grouped unto two major categories. First one refers to additive processes RP. From this point of view there are over 40 different types such as: stereo lithography (SL), Laminated Object Manufacturing (LOM), Selective Laser Sintering (SLS), 3D Printing (3DP), Solid Ground Curring (GSC) and Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM). The second one consists of subtractive Rapid Prototyping. Subtractive Rapid Prototyping (SRP) is one of the methods used for processing digital models into physical objects used for RP and for Rapid Tooling (RT). It is difficult to say what method is the best RP/RT; every one of them has advantages and disadvantages. The choice of the appropriate method depends on many factors, such as: product geometry, material type, dimensional accuracy, surface roughness on finished product, and so on. The starting point of this work consists in three photographs that are digitally processed to achieve the expansion of 2D in 3D structure. The expanded model is imported into computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) software. The parameters required to processing on Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machine are set, in order to obtain the shape of the casting mold. The schedule of heat treatment for glass is adapted according to the characterics of glass, mold material and the type of kiln. Rheological behaviour of glass has a key parameter in processing glass. The steps of kiln casting process (temperature ramps, heat treatment time) are choose at some values of viscosity (also called viscosity points ) related with glass type and size of object. The presented method can be successfully used in the manufacturing process offering to companies the possibility of increasing the capacity of new product development.
Methods of Manufacturing Data Acquisition for Production Management - A Review
Authors: Ćwikła Grzegorz
Published: November 2013

Knowledge about the state of the production system is necessary for proper management of a company. A modern company typically uses an ERP (Enterprise Resources Planning) system for management support, but still there is usually a gap between business and manufacturing layers of a company. There is a need to provide solutions allowing data acquisition directly from the production system, analyse this data and display it in a convenient form. Each type of production systems require a different approach to collect data because of variety of objects and conditions. The ability of production data acquisition mostly depends on the level of automation. This paper presents a comparison of methods of data acquisition from different types of manufacturing systems. Methods of data acquisition, from both automated and non-automated manufacturing systems, are described. Automation equipment resources (sensors, actuators, PLC, DCS, CNC, HMI, SCADA) and automatic identification systems (barcodes, RFID, vision systems etc.), as well as communication solutions (fieldbus, wired and wireless networks) and information exchange standards (OPC, MTConnect) are discussed.
Market Oriented Approach to the Production Management on the Operational Level
Authors: Skołud Bożena
Published: November 2013

The background of the paper is the observation of the market tendency and producer constraints which lead to lean production/manufacturing and management. Presented approaches and solutions are the result of the author and her team and integrates three different original systems such as PROEDIMIS, SWZ and KbRS. A number of analytical and simulation models dealing with the problem of system performance prediction and verification, fail when addressing the issue of performance evaluation of a whole system where performance depends on the synchronization of their interactions. From the control perspective it is more appropriate to define a specification for some new desired behavior, and determine whether the specification can be met through a set of controllable events [1,. A problem of multiassortment and multi-version production planning and control is presented and the method and support systems are described in the paper.
ESD Garments with Bilayer Structure
Authors: Donciu Codrin
Published: November 2013

ESD garments on the market dont solve all the problems raised by accidental electrostatic discharges. To obtain an ESD garment with superior qualities, the present paper proposes the development of a bilayer structure using the integral knitting technique. The outer layer, which comes in contact with the working environment, is mainly dissipative (DL), which ensures the protection against short circuit and limitation of electrostatic energy transfer into the working environment, while the inner layer, which comes in contact with the human operator, is mainly conductive (CL), providing the controlled drainage of accumulated electrostatic charge.
Nanotechnology and Processes the Nanophotovoltaic Panels
Authors: Ferreira Manuel  Alberto M. , Filipe José António , Chavaglia José
Published: November 2013

Nanotechnology can be a powerful weapon in creating competitive advantages in the energy market, through the use of the photovoltaic nanopanels, which may reduce production costs and simultaneously permit to achieve the socio-environmental requirements. Moreover, today the adoption of nanotechnology in energy production can make this kind of energy very interesting along the years. Nanotechnology may, in fact, be responsible for unimaginable gains, both economically and for preserving the planet. The use of nanotechnology in the industry production processes is evidenced in this article. The example of the electric energy produced by photovoltaic panels is the vehicle to do so. The competitive advantage associated to the use of nanotechnology to solar energy production for companies in this market segment is highlighted. Finally, in addition to the already existent nanopanels, another opportunity to revolutionize the market, already in sight, is presented: the Nanogenerators that can convert the mechanical energy of body motion in electricity.
Dilatometry and DTA Analyses of a Sample Made of Ni Base Super Alloy with a ZrO2/20%Y2O3 Ceramic Layer
Authors: Pintilei Geanina Laura , Strugaru Sorin Iacob , Papatoiu Carmen Biniuc , Paulin Constantin , Bârcă Alexandru , Munteanu Corneliu
Published: November 2013

This paper presents the results of dilatometry and DTA analyses performed on a Ni base super alloy sample on which a ZrO2/20%Y2O3 coating was deposited. The tests were done at similar temperatures as those present in a gas turbine engine at the inlet of the turbine. The purpose is to assess how a turbine blade with a ZrO2/20%Y2O3 coating would behave to changes in volume due to temperature and structural changes. The differential thermal analyses and thermo gravimetric analyses were performed on the DTA PT 1600 Linseis installation. The thermal dilatometry was performed on the L75HX XXXX installation.
Research Concerning the Cold-Hardening of the Teeth of a Toothed Gear at Cold Teething by Intermittent Blow
Authors: Dobrescu Ion , Banu Ilarion
Published: November 2013

Among the processing methods by cold flow, toothing by intermittent blow is one of the most widespread. The gear-cutting by cold generation by intermittent blow is a processing method which extended continuously especially in the last 30 years.
This enabled on the one hand, a better knowledge of the properties of toothed surfaces, and on the other hand the emphasis of the relationships between the superficial characteristics and the exploitation (use) properties of these products (frictional, fatigue etc.), as well as of the optimization of the technological processing parameters of these surfaces. The present paper presents a determination study on the depth of the hammer-hardened coat in the cold teething process by intermittent blow for a tooth of the generated teeth.
Hertz Contact Problem between Wheel and Rail
Authors: Axinte Tiberiu
Published: November 2013

Rail-wheel contact problems have been analyzed by the use of the three-dimensional finite element models. Based on these models, the paper presents a study regarding the applicability of the Hertz contact to rail-wheel contact problems. Beside a standard rail, the study also considers a crane rail and a switching component. The bodies of the contact problem are the standard rail UIC60 and the standard wheel UICORE. The maximum contact pressure which the material can support in the elastic range in steady state conditions is known as the shakedown limit. With an operating contact pressure below the shakedown limit the rail would be expected to remain elastic a long period of its lifecycle. However, examination of rail cross-sections shows severe plastic deformation in a sub-surface layer of a few tens of microns thickness; the contact patch size is in tens of millimeters. Three-dimensional elastic-plastic rolling contact stress analysis was conducted incorporating elastic and plastic shakedown concepts. The Hertzian distribution was assumed for the normal surface contact load over a circular contact area. The tangential forces in both the rolling and lateral directions were considered and were assumed to be proportional to the Hertzian pressure. The elastic and plastic shakedown limits obtained for the three-dimensional contact problem revealed the role of both longitudinal and lateral shear traction on the shakedown results. An advanced cyclic plasticity model was implemented into a finite element code via the material subroutine. Finite element simulations were conducted in order to study the influences of the tangential surface forces in the two shear directions on residual stresses and residual strains. The Hertz theory is restricted to frictionless surfaces and perfectly elastic solids, but it is the best method for determining deformations and stress from pitch of contact. Form change due to wear and plastic deformation of a rail can reduce the service life of a track. The purpose of this investigation was to study the development of these damage mechanisms on new and three years old rails in a commuter track over a period of two years.
Processing of the Data Obtained with the Advanced Doppler Velocymeter
Authors: Panaitescu Fanel Viorel , Deleanu Dumitru , Panaitescu Mariana
Published: November 2013

We present data obtained after a 2 years period of monitoring the wave’s parameters in an off-shore location. We have used the location of a working petroleum platform situated at: N44031’, E29034’ at 50 km from land and 80 km NE from Constanta Harbor, in the Romanian Black Sea waters. We describe monitoring systems used.and their solution. The Advanced Doppler Velocymeter (ADV) for parameters of marine waves is based on Doppler effect and it is composed of a transmitter at a frequency of 10 MHz and of 3 receivers which are equidistant from 1200. Data storage on the HDD PC, with the possibility of take-over and normal review (ASCII file). We can get the values of the speed and current division marine tide amplitude and direction of the wave at each measurement, the number of measurements, date, hour, minute and second of measurement, as well as other parameters, both as numeric values and a graph having abscissa registration number. This monitoring, which comprises the period of one year including, reveals an amplitude an annual average of the wave of hmed=1.53 m, obtained by taking maximum envelope appeared in a measurement range of 120 seconds. We compare these off-shore values with the coastal ones and we conclude that the wave’s energetic off-shore potential is unexpectedly bigger that in the coastal region.
Transshipment Modeling and Simulation of Container Port Terminals
Authors: Roşca Eugen , Raicu Şerban , Roşca Mircea Augustin , Burciu Ştefan
Published: November 2013

The growth of containerization and transporting goods in containers has generated capacity and equipment allocation problems in maritime ports. Container terminals represent complex systems with dynamic interactions between the various handling, transportation and storage units, and uncertainties about future events. Maritime container terminal operates at full capacity if the arrival of vessels to berth is uniform according to its capacity and equipment operating at constant parameters. Since there are random factors both on the arrival of ships and on the operation of equipments, the paper analyzes the influence of these factors on the terminal capacity. Therefore, we proposed a generic simulation model structure for the comparative assessment of the measures of performance of maritime terminal in ideal conditions (without perturbations in the terminal operation) and in different statistical assumptions of vessels inflows to berth and number of containers to unload per vessel. Based on event driven and virtual reality technology, the handling technology simulation model is developed using ARENA simulation software. The model is set-up by combining three basic functions: transport, transfer, and stacking. The transport activity is assumed by the flows of the container vessels and trucks. Different characteristics of the arrival flows are assumed (intervals between transport units, number of containers to unload). Quay cranes provide the container transfer. The stacking areas consist in one capacity area on the quay for the quick transfer on trucks. The simulation results lead to the conclusion that it can be achieved berth high occupancy and minimization of vessels waiting time at the port if the vessels inflows follow a distribution with small variance around the ideal value.
The Methods to Study the Influence of the Clearance in the Case of Great Speeds and Small Speeds
Authors: Grigore Jan Cristian
Published: November 2013

In kinematic couplings, clearances are inevitable for their operation. The size of these clearances but as a consequence of use, causes a malfunction of the mechanism to which it belongs. The law of motion of driveline changes, big clearances, non-technological system causes vibration, leading to discomfort, uncertainty, and thus reach its degradation. In the paper we shall make a few of geometric and mechanical type considerations about the clearances in the linkages, linkages planes with joint rotation links. Based on mathematical algorithm developed and applied crank mechanism, the model presented in [1], this paper scientifically developed mathematical model, proposing mathematical models to study the influence of the size of the clearance in general dynamic calculation mechanisms. Mechanism considered is crank connecting rod mechanism with clearance cinematic coupling between rod and crank rotation. The paper makes a study of the influence on the dynamic behavior of the crank rod mechanism at high speeds, but also general method algorithm is developed and accurate method to assess the dynamic behavior of multi-body mechanism. The first case is considered a constant angular speed motor and thus determine the elemental expressions that establish the mechanism position, velocity and acceleration expressions in the two directions heads elements. Finally we obtain the expression of the normal reaction force, as well as position expression that defines its angle. With reaction force can specify phase (contact, flight, impact) [1], the behavior of the journal. For the case of general method - the method multi-body - the exact method are established liaison relationships between the parameters , write matrices , inertia matrix. Use Lagrange equations, if non-holonomic constraints. Matrix differential equation of motion is written and it can be solved numerically using Runge-Kutta method of order four. Of the iterative method, we obtain the parameters used in calculating the reaction force expression that can be evaluated accurately in journal bearings behaviour. Any would be their source of appearance, they usually produce unwished effects during the mechanisms functioning.
A Study on Plastic Deformations due to Contact Fatigue Wear on a Metallic Coating Deposed in Electric Arc
Authors: Băsescu Gică Narcis , Crîșmaru Ionuț Vasile , Strugaru Sorin Iacob , Bărbînţă Andreea Carmen , Bârcă Alexandru , Munteanu Corneliu
Published: November 2013

This paper studies the way how a sample with a 40Cr130 coating behaves to contact fatigue wear from the perspective of plastic deformations. The sample is made of an 18MnCr11 alloy steel. The coating was deposited in electric arc using the Smart Arc 350 installation from Sulzer Metco. The samples was subjected to fatigue wear on the AMSLER installation in limit and mixed lubrication conditions. The samples were subjected to wear for 30 hours, at a loading force of 177 N. The moving sample had a rotational speed of 375 rot/min. Different combinations of contact materials were used for the test samples: coating coating and coating base material. The results were highlighted using the QUANTA 200 3D DUAL BEAM electron microscope.
Experimental Study of Effects of Different Factors on Electric Resistivity of Cemented Soil
Authors: Wen Bin , Qiu Bin , Zhang Jing , Wang Pu Pu , Yang Guo Hui
Published: November 2013

The influence of AC frequency , the content of sodium sulfate and curing time on the electrical resistivity of cemented soil was studied. Firstly, the impedance modulus of cemented soil blocks were measured and their electrical resistivity were calculated; then the primary and secondary factors influencing on the electrical resistivity of cemented soil were determined through orthogonal method; finally , the influence of three factors on cement soil resistivity was discussed qualitatively. It is found that the primary and secondary factors influencing on the electrical resistivity of cemented soil are the curing time, the content of sodium sulfate and the frequency. The electrical resistivity decreases with the increases of AC frequency and content, whereas increases with increasing curing age.
Load Test Design and Stability Analysis of Basket Handle Arch Bridge with Reinforced Concrete
Authors: Zhang Shuang Yang , Pu Qian Hui , Zhao Ren Da , Shi Zhou
Published: November 2013

Basket handle arch bridge with reinforced concrete shortens the distance between the arch rib compared with parallel arch rib bridge, improves the lateral stability, predecessors have done a lot of research on basket handle narrow arch bridge, but the study of wide span arch bridge is insufficient, conduct load test on a wide basket handle arch bridge which 33m wide and mainspan is 90m, the test results show that the large width-span ratio arch bridge has higher bearing capacity, but vertical bearing capacity is not improved, the dynamic coefficient increases when the speed is higher than 30km/h, the measured dynamic coefficient at jumpy driving is relatively large, the dynamic coefficient is significant when jumpy driving speed is 10~15km/h.
Experiment Study on Bearing Capacity of Muddy Siltstone Foundation and its Application
Authors: Yang Dong Sheng
Published: November 2013

Rock-socket cast-in-situ piles is a commonly used style of foundation, but theoretical analysis, experiments and test research of bearing capacity behavior about rock-socket piles in soft rock have not adapted to the requirement of engineering. The static loading test of single pile on a project in argillaceous and silt laminate, through which the skin friction and point bearing capacity were measured, the bearing capacity behavior of rock-socket cast-in-situ piles in soft rock was analyzed.
In Service Beam Bridge Reliability Assessment
Authors: Zhang Bin , Yu Dong Dong , Su Peng
Published: November 2013

In order to evaluate the reliability of existing bridges ,based on maximum value of the load and model of probability calculation of resistance attenuation, according to the data of the bridge which actually collected, and by using the ADINA finite element software to build the finite element model of considering the damage detection of beam bridge. The component and system failure criteria are determined on the basis of the bridge load-bearing characteristics.The Time-dependent reliability of the system by using the probability calculation model for assessing the maximum value of the load and resistance attenuation can be obtained. The result shows Changes in the process of reliability prediction of bridge , the correctness of reliability calculation model be verified; the correctness of the ADINA model be validated; Also confirmed the feasibility of prediction model; to obtain the main influencing factors of reliability of existing bridges.
Analysis and Evaluation on Strengthening and Widening of a Catenary Stone Arch Bridge with Solid Spandrels
Authors: Zhao Zhi Meng , Chen Feng Jin , Chai Jin Yi , Wang Zhen Ji , Zhou Hou Lin
Published: November 2013

This paper examines the bearing capacity and stability of a catenary axis uniform cross-section multi-span stone arch bridge with solid spandrels after strengthening and widening, in the light of the Code for Design of Highway Masonry Bridges and Culverts (JTG D61-2005) published by the Ministry of Communications of the People's Republic of China. Taking the West Ulanhot Large Bridge built in cold area of Inner Mongolia in 1960s as an example, the effect of dead load, live load and temperature variation after and before strengthening as well as multi-arch action were considered. Through calculating the bearing capacity and stability of stone multiple arch bridge, compared with the results of loading test and follow-up survey on operation condition for many years, the safety and effectiveness of strengthening scheme are evaluated.
Numerical Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Bridge Panel Fatigue Based on Midas
Authors: Zheng Da Wei , Zhang Yu Hui , Li Guang Hua , Zhang Xu , Liu Lin
Published: November 2013

Under the process of numerical analysis of fatigue failure of panel of highway reinforced concrete bridge , numerical analysis method is put forward , which can simulate process of fatigue damage degradation of the bridge deck under the vehicle load . In the first , complex vehicle load is equated simplistically on the basis of the national related tests and research with formulating load spectrum reasonably; Then modeling analysis by Midas software , it carries out that fatigue constitutive relation between steel and concrete material is correct among the flexural member under cyclic load ; Finally , an actual reinforced concrete bridge panel is predicted fatigue life and made fatigue numerical analysis . Results show that the fatigue life of the panel meets the requirements; Building material fatigue constructive relations can simulated rule of mechanics performance attenuation of steel and concrete effectively in the course of cyclic loading.
The Study of Volume Electrical Resistivity and Mechanical Property of Double Continuous Phase PVDF/CBT Composite Containing Carbon Black and Graphite
Authors: Song Jian Bin , Zhong Yu Mei , Lin Song Yue , Lan Lin Sheng , Yang Wen Bin
Published: November 2013

The Poly(vinylidene fluoride)(PVDF)/Cyclic Butylene Terephthalate (CBT)/carbon black (CB)/graphite (GR) composites were prepared by melting blend method and were studied by milliohmmeter and material testing machine. The results showed that due to the formation of CB and GR conductive network, the volume electrical resistivity of PVDF/CBT/CB/GR composites linearly decreased as graphite content increased at below 4 wt% of graphite, but it in turn increased when graphite content was higher than 4 wt%. Flexural strength showed an increase at below 1.6 wt% of GR and gradually decreased as GR content increased further. Differently, flexural modulus of composites declined as GR content increased. In all composites, the flexural strength was more than 25 MPa, which satisfied with the requirements of bipolar plates.
Overload Safety Analysis of the North Anchor Foundation of the Run Yang Suspension Bridge
Authors: Shao Guo Jian , Zhu Yi Huan , Su Jing Bo , Wang Lin
Published: November 2013

As a main bearing structure of suspension bridges, the stability of anchorage foundation is very important. For the north-anchor foundation of the Run Yang Bridge, the stabilities against sliding and overturning are analyzed from the computation results of three-dimension finite element simulation models. The effect of soil resistance before and behind the pit on the stabilities is analyzed. Suppose the values of overload cable tension increase proportionally and by studying changes of the deformation and stress of anchor foundation, the basement resistance and the foundation stabilities against sliding and overturning with different overload coefficients, overload safety is obtained for anchor foundation. Based on the numerical computational results of the stability and overload analysis, some beneficial results are obtained for the stability analysis of anchorage foundation of suspension bridge.
Application of Displacement Back Analysis in Geometry Monitoring of Segmental Construction of Prestressed Concrete Continuous Girder Bridge
Authors: Sun Xue Xian , Liu Zhen
Published: November 2013

This paper apply displacement back analysis theory for geometry form monitoring and calculating work of segmental construction of prestressed concrete continuous girder bridge, making use of displacement back analysis method to optimize bridge structure parameters, ensuring accuracy of geometry form control with calculated results of every girder segment in entire construction. This method is used in the construction monitoring and supervision for Yuanyichang circular curved rigid frame bridge on Pingan-Adai highway, to make the closure accuracy and the bridge geometry form reaches the effect of aspiration. Through the result of the finished bridge, what we can obtain is that the displacement back analysis theory could fulfill the requirement of factual project and be widely used for geometry monitoring of segmental construction of prestressed concrete continuous girder bridge.
Design and Test Analysis of Mid-and-Long Term Monitoring System for External Prestressed Continuous Rigid Frame Bridge
Authors: Hu Xu Hui , Zhong Ning , Jing Shi Hong
Published: November 2013

Study and design a set of economical and practical mid-and-long term monitoring system for long-span prestressed concrete continuous rigid frame bridge relying on the engineering of Xintan Qijiang Bridge in Chongqing. Master the static characteristics of such parameters as displacement, stress and external cable force during operation process of bridge through finite element model and make a comparative analysis of the relevant data after running for two years to test the feasibility and practicability of mid-and-long term monitoring system for continuous rigid frame bridge suggested in the paper.
Influence of Central Buckle on Dynamic Behavior of Long-Span Suspension Bridge with Deck-Truss Composite Stiffening Girder
Authors: Qin Feng Jiang , Di Jin , Dai Jie , Li Guang Ling
Published: November 2013

A 3-D finite element model for Yueyang Dongting Lake bridge was established with a large scale general finite element analysis software, and the subspace iteration method was adopted to analyze the natural vibration characteristics of the bridge, meanwhile, the influences of settings different types of central buckles at the mid-span of the main spans between the main cables and girder on the dynamic behaviors of the long-span suspension bridge with deck-truss composite stiffening girder were studied. The results show that compared with only setting short hanger cable at mid-span, the the whole rigidity of suspension bridge is raised and the natural frequencies increase by the setting central buckle, but various types of vibration modes are affected in different extents; among all of these vibration modes, the antisymmetric vibration and Longitudinal floating of stiffening girder are most obviously affected. The stiffness of central buckle has a great influence on the vibration of main cable, while compared with only setting short hanger cable, the vibration of main cable increases 7.32% while setting the rigid central buckle. The conclusions of this paper provide theoretical basis for the using of central buckle in long-span suspension bridge.
Study on the Technology of Using Steel Plate Yoke to Strengthen Reinforcement Trussed Arch Bridge
Authors: Zhu Xiao Long , Zhao Chun Hua , Chen Han Xin , Yang Jian Xi
Published: November 2013

It put forward the new technology of reinforcing tie-beam with steel plate yoke to reinforcing the bridge based on analysis the reasons of the defection of the reinforcement trussed arch bridge deeply. In the text it analysis the mechanism of the steel plate yoke on the theory of the constant improvement in the horizontal distribution and transverse pre-tensile stress designing and introduce the construction technics of the reinforcement technology particularly. It is proved that the combined reinforcing technologies are effective according to test factual bridge.
Initial Equilibrium State Analysis for Concrete Self-Anchored Suspension Bridge under Dead Load
Authors: Dai Jie , Di Jin , Qin Feng Jiang , Niu Yong Zhe
Published: November 2013

Based on the limited displacement theory and iteration method, took into account characteristics of concrete self-anchored suspension bridge, converted effects of prestress, shrinkage and creep in concrete into equivalent loads, made use of the finite element software ANSYS, and took a concrete self-anchored suspension bridge in China as an example, the initial equilibrium state analysis for this type of bridge under static load was carried out in this paper in order to obtain main cable curve and reasonable internal force of the girder and hangers under dead load. The results showed that, the main cable curve was smooth, the distribution of the hangers axial force was uniform, and the concrete girder had certain amount of compressive stress reserves.
Research on Railway Bridge Evaluation Index
Authors: Wei Zhao Lan , Liu Guo Jun , Zou Zu Yin
Published: November 2013

Each related index was compared in three specifications, including Fundamental code for design on railway bridge and culvert, Code for rating existing railway bridges, and Code for design of high speed railway. The reasons of the difference existed in indexes was revealed, especially between high speed railway bridge and normal speed railway bridge.
Experimental Research on Strengthened by Gluing Steels Seismic Behaviour for Earthquake Damaged Railway Bridge with Gravity Piers
Authors: Ding Ming Bo , Chen Xing Chong
Published: November 2013

In order to study the seismic performance of steel plate reinforcement on gravity piers in railway bridges, a quasi-static test was conducted on the 0.2% steel ratio pier model. Shearing damage on the pier model occurred on the action of horizontal load. Steel-bonded reinforcement was conducted on the damaged model, and comparison and analysis were made based on the failure mode, bearing capacity, ductility, energy dissipation capacity and stiffness degradation.
Analysis on Monitoring and Forecasting of Highway Slope
Authors: Jin Jing , Liang Xiao Yong
Published: November 2013

This paper comprehensively analyses domestic and abroad prediction technology of slope disaster, mainly summarizes the prediction models and the prediction criterions, and discusses the applicability and inadequacy of the prediction models and the prediction criterions.
Storage-Infiltration Effect of Rainfall for Sunken Greenbelt in Urban Road
Authors: Zhang Hu Zhu , Li Hui Min , Wei Gui Fei
Published: November 2013

In order to study the storage-infiltration effect of rainfall for sunken greenbelt in urban road, its storage-infiltration capacity of rainfall runoff was analyzed based on the rainfall balance equation of urban road in the time interval, and then the computational formulae of storage-infiltration rate was derived. Influence factors on storage-infiltration rate, such as design recurrence interval of rainfall, soil infiltration coefficient, greenbelt rate, and depth of sunken greenbelt, etc. were computed and analyzed by using the derived computational formulae with the rainfall intensity of Changchun city. Results show that: on the same condition, storage-infiltration rate of rainfall for sunken greenbelt in urban road increases linearly with the increase of soil infiltration coefficient, greenbelt rate, and depth of sunken greenbelt, and decreases with the increase of design recurrence interval of rainfall. Sunken greenbelt with depth of 0.05 ~ 0.25m can storage-infiltrate all of the rainfall that falls on the urban road when the greenbelt rate of urban road ranges from 20% to 40%. Eco-design program of sunken greenbelt in urban road is reasonable and feasible, and its storage-infiltration effect of rainfall is remarkable.
Effect of Carboxylmethyl Cellulose Sulfate (CMC-S) on the Hydration Process of Cement Paste
Authors: Huang Feng Yuan , Wu Xiao Jie , Ying Wei Feng , Yu Yong Peng , Chi Hong Xun
Published: November 2013

The application of Carboxylmethyl Cellulose Sulfate (CMC-S) in cement paste was studied. The effect of CMC-S on the setting time of cement paste was investigated. Hydration heat of specimens with different cured age was measured via the Hydration Heat Tester (HHT), and hydration process was recorded via Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC). The results indicated that CMC-S was a kind of set-retarding and water-reducing agent; its retarding properties appeared at early age, but after three days, the hydration process of cement paste was even improved.
A Conception of Application Epoxy Asphalt Mixture on Airport Pavement
Authors: Lv Quan , Huang Ming , Huang Wei Dong
Published: November 2013

In this paper, theoretical basis and feasibility of implement of utilizing epoxy asphalt in airport pavement construction are analyzed on the purpose of choosing a satisfying material. Afterwards, we tested the high-temperature and fatigue performance of the mixture which is a major concern during airport pavement design , and the results show that the performance of the epoxy asphalt mixture is very excellent compared to conventional asphalt mixture. At the end of this paper the author put forward the problems to be solved and studied of to promote the application of epoxy asphalt mixture.
A Petri-Nets Modelling Approach for Evaluating the Design of Urban Railway Transit Hubs
Authors: Zhao Hang , Jiang Rong
Published: November 2013

A simulation model based on Petri nets is presented to evaluate the performance of the transfer procedure for passengers in urban railway transit hubs. A systemic and physical description of urban railway transit hubs is illustrated by Petri nets model. The simulation model was verified through a real case to analyze the evolution of the number of transfer passengers on the facilities and the equipments and measure the transfer time for all the transfer passengers in the hubs. It is showed that a potential and effective method is provided to evaluate and optimize the design of the transit hubs.
Analysis and Countermeasures Research on Planning Environment Impact Assessment (PEIA) of Urban Rail Transit Planning in China
Authors: Cui Qing , Chen Fan , Zhan Cun Wei , Liu Shen Qiang
Published: November 2013

Based on the analysis and summary of 19 PEIA cases of urban rail transit (URT) planning, this paper pointed out the major problems on PEIA of URT in practice, such as the depth of environmental impact prediction was inadequate, Optimal comments to URT Planning were not operational, and Public Participation was not representative etc. In response to these problems, this paper put forward some suggestions on both of regulating the technical means of PEIA for URT and improving the capacity of PEIA technical personnel. It could be helpful to improve the scientificity and practicity of PEIA for of urban rail transit planning in China.