bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Carbonate System Parameters of an Algal-dominated Reef along West Maui
Authors: Prouty Nancy G. , Yates Kimberly K. , Smiley Nathan , Gallagher Chris , Cheriton Olivia , Storlazzi Curt D.
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Constraining coral reef metabolism and carbon chemistry dynamics are fundamental for understanding and predicting reef vulnerability to rising coastal CO2 concentrations and decreasing seawater pH. However, few studies exist along reefs occupying densely inhabited shorelines with known input from land-based sources of pollution. The shallow coral reefs off Kahekili, West Maui, are exposed to nutrient-enriched, low-pH submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) and are particularly vulnerable to the compounding stressors from land-based sources of pollution and lower seawater pH. To constrain the carbonate chemistry system, nutrients and carbonate chemistry were measured along the Kahekili reef flat every 4 h over a 6-d sampling period in March 2016. Abiotic process – primarily SGD fluxes – controlled the carbonate chemistry adjacent to the primary SGD vent site, with nutrient-laden freshwater decreasing pH levels and favoring undersaturated aragonite saturation (Ωarag) conditions. In contrast, diurnal variability in the carbonate chemistry at other sites along the reef flat was driven by reef community metabolism. Superimposed on the diurnal signal was a transition during the second sampling period to a surplus of total alkalinity (TA) and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) compared to ocean end-member TA and DIC measurements. A shift from net community production and calcification to net respiration and carbonate dissolution was identified. This transition occurred during a period of increased SGD-driven nutrient loading, lower wave height, and reduced current speeds. This detailed study of carbon chemistry dynamics highlights the need to incorporate local effects of nearshore oceanographic processes into predictions of coral reef vulnerability and resilience.
Numerical evaluation of magnetic absolute measurements with arbitrarily distributed DI-fluxgate theodolite orientations
Authors: Brunke Heinz-Peter , Matzka Jürgen
Published: January 2018

Abstract. At geomagnetic observatories the absolute measurements are needed
to determine the calibration parameters of the continuously recording vector
magnetometer (variometer). Absolute measurements are indispensable for
determining the vector of the geomagnetic field over long periods of time. A
standard DI (declination, inclination) measuring scheme for absolute
measurements establishes routines in magnetic observatories. The
traditional measuring schema uses a fixed number of eight orientations
(Jankowski et al., 1996). We present a numerical method, allowing for the evaluation of an arbitrary
number (minimum of five as there are five independent parameters) of telescope
orientations. Our method provides D, I and Z base values and calculated
error bars of them. A general approach has significant advantages. Additional measurements may be
seamlessly incorporated for higher accuracy. Individual erroneous readings are
identified and can be discarded without invalidating the entire data set.
A priori information can be incorporated. We expect the general method to also
ease requirements for automated DI-flux measurements. The method can
reveal certain properties of the DI theodolite which are not captured by the
conventional method. Based on the alternative evaluation method, a new faster and less error-prone
measuring schema is presented. It avoids needing to calculate the magnetic
meridian prior to the inclination measurements. Measurements in the vicinity of the magnetic equator are possible with
theodolites and without a zenith ocular. The implementation of the method in MATLAB is available as source code at the
GFZ Data Center (Brunke, 2017).
Errors and improvements in the use of archived meteorological data for chemical transport modeling: an analysis using GEOS-Chem v11-01 driven by GEOS-5 meteorology
Authors: Yu Karen , Keller Christoph A. , Jacob Daniel J. , Molod Andrea M. , Eastham Sebastian D. , Long Michael S.
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Global simulations of atmospheric chemistry are commonly conducted with
off-line chemical transport models (CTMs) driven by archived meteorological
data from general circulation models (GCMs). The off-line approach has
the advantages of simplicity and expediency, but it incurs errors due to temporal
averaging in the meteorological archive and the inability to reproduce the
GCM transport algorithms exactly. The CTM simulation is also often conducted
at coarser grid resolution than the parent GCM. Here we investigate this
cascade of CTM errors by using 222Rn–210Pb–7Be chemical tracer
simulations off-line in the GEOS-Chem CTM at rectilinear
0.25∘ × 0.3125∘ (≈ 25 km) and
2∘ × 2.5∘ (≈ 200 km) resolutions and
online in the parent GEOS-5 GCM at cubed-sphere c360 (≈ 25 km) and
c48 (≈ 200 km) horizontal resolutions. The c360 GEOS-5 GCM
meteorological archive, updated every 3 h and remapped to
0.25∘ × 0.3125∘, is the standard operational product
generated by the NASA Global Modeling and Assimilation Office (GMAO) and used
as input by GEOS-Chem. We find that the GEOS-Chem 222Rn simulation at
native 0.25∘ × 0.3125∘ resolution is affected by
vertical transport errors of up to 20 % relative to the GEOS-5 c360 online
simulation, in part due to loss of transient organized vertical motions in
the GCM (resolved convection) that are temporally averaged out in the 3 h
meteorological archive. There is also significant error caused by operational
remapping of the meteorological archive from a cubed-sphere to a rectilinear
grid. Decreasing the GEOS-Chem resolution from
0.25∘ × 0.3125∘ to
2∘ × 2.5∘ induces further weakening of vertical
transport as transient vertical motions are averaged out spatially and
temporally. The resulting 222Rn concentrations simulated by the
coarse-resolution GEOS-Chem are overestimated by up to 40 % in surface air
relative to the online c360 simulations and underestimated by up to 40 %
in the upper troposphere, while the tropospheric lifetimes of 210Pb and
7Be against aerosol deposition are affected by 5–10 %. The lost
vertical transport in the coarse-resolution GEOS-Chem simulation can be
partly restored by recomputing the convective mass fluxes at the appropriate
resolution to replace the archived convective mass fluxes and by correcting
for bias in the spatial averaging of boundary layer mixing depths.
Fast matrix treatment of 3-D radiative transfer in vegetation canopies: SPARTACUS-Vegetation 1.1
Authors: Hogan Robin J. , Quaife Tristan , Braghiere Renato
Published: January 2018

Abstract. A fast scheme is described to compute the 3-D interaction of solar radiation with vegetation canopies. The canopy is split in the horizontal plane into one clear region and one or more vegetated regions, and the two-stream equations are used for each, but with additional terms representing lateral exchange of radiation between regions that are proportional to the area of the interface between them. The resulting coupled set of ordinary differential equations is solved using the matrix-exponential method. The scheme is compared to solar Monte Carlo calculations for idealized scenes from the RAMI4PILPS intercomparison project, for open forest canopies and shrublands both with and without snow on the ground. Agreement is good in both the visible and infrared: for the cases compared, the root-mean-squared difference in reflectance, transmittance and canopy absorptance is 0.020, 0.038 and 0.033, respectively. The technique has potential application to weather and climate modelling.
The Role of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) In Monitoring Rapidly Occuring Landslides
Authors: Yaprak Servet , Yildirim Omer , Susam Tekin , Inyurt Samed , Oguz Irfan
Published: January 2018

Abstract. This study used the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), which was designed and produced to monitor rapidly occurring landslides in forest areas. It was aimed to determine the location data for the study area using image sensors integrated into the UAV. The study area was determined as the landslide sites located in the Taşlıçiftlik Campus of Gaziosmanpaşa University, Turkey. It was determined that landslide activities were on going in the determined study area and data was collected regarding the displacement of materials. Additionally, it was observed that data about landslides may be collected in a fast and sensitive way using UAVs, and this method is proposed as a new approach. Flights took place over a total of five different periods. In order to determine the direction and coordinate variables for the developed model, eight Ground Control Points (GCPs), whose coordinates were obtained with the GNSS method, were placed on the study area. In each period, approximately 190 photographs were investigated. The photos obtained were analysed using the PIX4D software. At the end of each period, the RMS and Ground Sample Distance (GSD) values of the GCPs were calculated. Orthomosaic and Digital Surface Models (DSM) were produced for the location and height model. The results showed that max RMS = ±3.3 cm and max GSD = 3.57 cm/1.40 in. When the first and fifth periods are compared; the highest spatial displacement value ΔS = 111.0 cm, the highest subsidence value Δh = 37.3 cm and the highest swelling value Δh = 28.6 cm as measured.
On the Classification of Semantic Changes in Grammatical Metaphor
Authors: Lu Chuhao
Published: January 2018

In terms of the correlations of grammatical metaphor, semantics and semogenesis, grammatical metaphor is studied as regard to its influence on semantic meanings. Theory of image schema in cognitive linguistic, together with the semantic analysis in semantics, is being adopted into the classification of change in semantic meanings, which is embedded in linguistic and non-linguistic level. Later it was found out that both ideational metaphor and interpersonal metaphor can create these four types of semantic changes, namely, semantic reduction, semantic addition, semantic inconsistence, and semantic reconstruction. Some human’s cognitive characteristics and cognitive processes are also revealed by this interdisciplinary approach of combining grammatical metaphor with other fields, such as cognitive linguistics and cognitive pragmatics.
Suspended Affixation as Morpheme Ellipsis: Evidence from Ossetic Alternative Questions
Authors: Erschler David
Published: January 2018

This paper provides novel evidence that ellipsis can target bound morphemes. The evidence comes from suspended affixation of case markers in alternative questions in Digor and Iron Ossetic. The current literature on alternative questions (e.g. Does Mary like coffee or tea?) proposes that in many languages they are derived by disjunction of and ellipsis in constituents as large as a vP or even as a CP. Language-specific evidence in favor of such structure of alternative questions is available for Ossetic as well. Accordingly, the ostensible disjuncts coffee or tea do not actually form a constituent and case must be separately assigned to each of the DPs. Therefore, a case suffix shared under suspended affixation cannot attach to the orP as a whole. A deletion-based analysis can successfully derive the properties of suspended affixation in Ossetic alternative questions. I advance a specific proposal that incorporates ellipsis into the Distributed Morphology derivation.
The Local and the Global
Authors: Crawford Margo Natalie
Published: January 2018

The fourth chapter analyzes BLKARTSOUTH (the leading collective of the Black Arts Movement in the South). Crawford focuses on Nkombo journal produced by BLKARTSOUTH. She argues that the practice of the local and the global in NKOMBO prepared the way for the practice of diaspora and the local in Callaloo, the most prominent journal in current African diasporic literary and cultural studies. This chapter shows how editorial practices during both the Black Arts Movement and the 21st century pivot on making the local and the global inseparable in a manner that parallels the inseparability of blackness and post-blackness.
The Satire of Black Post-Blackness
Authors: Crawford Margo Natalie
Published: January 2018

The fifth chapter argues that feeling “black post-black” is a disorienting situation that lends itself to satire. Crawford analyzes the ways in which satire has begun to define 21st century African American cultural productions as both blackness and whiteness are satirized. The satire of the Black Arts Movement is shown to be much more invested in satirizing whiteness as opposed to the 21st century post-black tendency to foreground the satirizing of blackness. In addition to the analysis of novels, drama, and poetry, this chapter also uncovers the role of satire in editorial cartoons included in Black World, one of the key journals of the Black Arts Movement. This chapter foregrounds the satire of Charles Johnson, Carlene Hatcher Polite, Amiri Baraka, Ishmael Reed, Percival Everett, Paul Beatty, Mat Johnson, and others.
Black Inside/Out
Authors: Crawford Margo Natalie
Published: January 2018

The sixth chapter examines the role of inner and outer space in cultural productions of black post-blackness. Crawford develops a theory of black public interiority (a theory of black cultural movements’ ability to create a sense of shared interiority within the public space of the collective). She argues that the Black Arts Movement was aspiring for public art that could be experienced as both a black interior and an open space created by a collective. This chapter analyzes a range of installation art and other visual art, film, and letter writing that dramatize the black interior being experienced as the black outdoors. Crawford demonstrates that the BAM set in motion a vital process (that black aesthetics continue to engage) of refusing to allow black interiority to be defined as the province of the black bourgeoisie. The art examined includes installation art created by Kara Walker, outdoor murals, the film Night Catches Us, the letter writing of Carolyn Rodgers and Hoyt Fuller, and more.
Iain M. Banks
Authors: Kincaid Paul
Published: January 2018

This is the first book-length study of the entire oeuvre of Scottish novelist Iain Banks. While it concentrates on the science fiction as by Iain M. Banks, in particular his novels of the Culture, it demonstrates stylistic, structural, thematic and political links between these and the supposedly realist novels. It places his work in the context of contemporary Scottish literature, the Scottish fantastic, looks at his deliberate overturning of the usual cultural and political norms associated with space opera, and proposes that the Culture novels contain a counter-narrative to the usual utopian readings.
Serbia under the Swastika
Authors: Prusin Alexander
Published: January 2018

Serbia occupied a particular place in Hitler’s “New Order” in the Balkans. In April 1941 it was made into a rump condominium ruled by the German military and exploited as a strategic base and a source of raw materials and cheap labour force. Such objectives entailed the utilization of Serbia’s economy and manpower with a minimal effort and spending on the part of Germany. Therefore, the German political and military leadership was willing to side-line the Nazi ideological-racial criteria in favour of more restrained occupation policies. This book, therefore, addresses several interrelated topics such as German occupation as impacted by the political-military situation in the Balkans; rivalries between different German branches, each pursuing their own objectives; the role of native collaboration in the occupation system; the civil war, which reflected the conflict between Serbs of different political orientations in Serbia, and the life of the population at large, which found itself caught between the forces or occupation and resistance. The examination of these issues would enhance an ongoing discussion about the mechanisms of German rule in occupied Europe and the dynamics of national resistance and collaboration.
Germans and Auxiliaries
Authors: Prusin Alexander
Published: January 2018

Focuses on the role of the native regimes in Serbia - the so-called Council of Commissars and its successor Government of National Salvation – in the context of German rule. To restore communication lines and transport, to reactivate industries, and to collect food supplies, the office of the Military Commander-in-Serbia (MBS) had to to rely on controllable native institutions, which mediated the relationship between the occupiers and the occupied. However, all German offices constantly intervened into the functioning of the collaborationist administration, effectively blunting its potential.
Repression
Authors: Prusin Alexander
Published: January 2018

Focuses on the German anti-guerrilla warfare in Serbia in 1941. Although German military and civil officials did not consider the Serbs as ideological enemies solely on the basis of race, the outbreak of resistance elevated racial stereotypes to the forestage of occupation policies, particularly since the Germans did not have enough troops to suppress the resistance. In comparison to Poland or Ukraine, where maintaining security was the prerogative of Himmler’s SS and police, his forces in Serbia were too small for such a task. As a result, it was the Wehrmacht, which assumed the essentially police functions. The German officer corps’ commitment to the Nazi ideology ensured that it perceived its task through political prism and applied unrestricted terror as the most effective method for crushing the resistance.
Serbs and Jews
Authors: Prusin Alexander
Published: January 2018

Assesses the role of native collaboration and poplar attitudes to the genocide of Jews in Serbia. Similarly to other German-occupied countries, participation in the Holocaust in Serbia was a part of general collaboration, whereby the native civil servants and policemen strove to demonstrate loyalty or ideological affinity to Nazi Germany. To this end, while playing an auxiliary role in the genocide, the Serbian collaborationists displayed considerable initiative and energy in implementing the Nazi racial policies. At the same time, many Serbs risked their lives providing their Jewish co-nationals with “Aryan” documents, hiding them from the police, or leading them to safety.
Living with the Enemy
Authors: Prusin Alexander
Published: January 2018

Explores the life of the “silent majority” – the population at large - which found itself literally squeezed between the forces or occupation and resistance, coping daily with economic shortages, requisitions, and violence. By and large, economic deprivations and fear of German terror left little time for political activities. To provide for one’s family, one had to work and had to go back to his daily routines that accorded a minimum economic security and a modicum of social stability. In other words, living with the enemy effectively meant laboring for the enemy and entailed threading a dangerous balance between accommodation and collaboration.
The Pure Food War
Authors: Civitello Linda
Published: January 2018

In 1899, the Royal Baking Powder Trust bribed the Missouri state senate to pass a law that made alum baking powder poison. People were arrested for selling baking powder. Royal introduced this legislation across the U.S. but the American Baking Powder Association fought successfully. Through repeated bribery, the law stood until 1905, after Lincoln Steffens exposed it in a seminal article against lobbying called “Business as Treason.” Missouri indicted Royal’s William Ziegler but the governor of New York refused to extradite. Finally, charges were dropped or the “boodlers” were acquitted. At the same time, the U.S. Congress conducted hearings on the Pure Food law, passed in 1906.
Baking Powder Today
Authors: Civitello Linda
Published: January 2018

Baking powder was a revolution and a paradigm shift with Clabber Girl as the uncontested leader and Calumet in second place. Multinational companies like McDonald’s, Kentucky Fried Chicken, Denny’s, and IHOP have spread baking powder and American eating habits around the globe. In the South, baking powder biscuits became a passion, with an international festival and local flours like Martha White and White Lily. The internet has enabled bakers, especially women, to reclaim the voices they lost to industrialization, and share and experiment with new shortcuts using baking powder, such as dump and mug cakes. Baking powder fortunes have left legacies like Calumet Farm in thoroughbred racing, and the Indianapolis 500 in car racing.
Landscape
Authors: Saylor Eric
Published: January 2018

This chapter examines one of the most popular critical frames for the English pastoral: the representation of nature. While older rural pastoral signifiers (such as the evocation of birdsong) persist in English compositions written after 1900, many composers engaged with the pastoral through A. E. Housman’s poetic anthology A Shropshire Lad. Musical depictions of the British landscape also appear beyond the West Country, whether as existentially bleak meditations on man’s ephemeral relationship with nature, or in explorations of the tensions between the industrialized modern city and the idealized rural village, especially as experienced by the populations caught between.
Uncommon Measure
Authors: Cha Yoon Sook
Published: January 2018

This chapter, a reading of “L’Iliade ou le poème de la force,” considers Weil’s claim about the special character of force, that in being assumed and redeployed by those whom it subjects, flattens the relative power of humans. The chapter argues that the claim directs us to the possibility of a new relationality that forfeits sovereign modes of power without that forfeiture thereby signifying an equitable power between the self and the other, such as it is in supplication. Referencing Maurice Blanchot, it is argued that supplication establishes an “uncommon measure” between the suppliant and the one supplicated, not by virtue of any power the suppliant has, but by laying bare his human presence. In this context, one’s subjection to force offers a certain opening to the other even as it marks the precariousness of one’s own human being.
Stillness and the Bond of Love
Authors: Cha Yoon Sook
Published: January 2018

This chapter, a reading of Venise sauvée, considers Jaffier’s decision to spare Venice from destruction. This apparently negative action upsets the notion of wielding power as an inevitable outcome of force. To act without power, it is argued, disrupts the mechanics of the transmission of violence that submits the weaker to the stronger, as well as the self-perpetuation of force that ensures its continued transmission. It begs us to consider the particular claim that helplessness and vulnerability have – exactly the claim that Venice, in its open defenselessness, has upon Jaffier. The bond of love Jaffier feels for Venice which surpasses linguistic capture nonetheless produces an urgency to express it. The negative use of power seems to be inextricably tied to a certain stillness of speech, at once pressing “the silent thing that must be expressed,” as Weil puts it, and preserving its essential silence.
Unfinished Obligation
Authors: Cha Yoon Sook
Published: January 2018

This chapter, a comparative reading of Venise sauvée and Maurice Blanchot’s La Folie du jour, looks at obligation as the occasion and structure of a binding that produces a demand to speak and to be accountable for one’s speech. In the insistence that one “tell” what happened is already the slippage from giving an account to an accounting that exceeds one’s capacity to meet it. The obligation is infinite while the object is not, according to Simone Weil. And the obligation being infinite, can the one obligated, in his finitude, answer its demands? In the specific economy of obligation, in its unending demand against the limited capacity to fulfill it, it seems one is faced with failure, expressed here in the economy of unmet sleep and a debt that is the constant reminder of being outbid by the other’s claim upon oneself.
Wilderness in America
Authors: Bugbee Henry
Published: January 2018

The philosophy of Henry Bugbee defies traditional academic categorization. Calvin O. Schrag, Professor Emeritus of Purdue University, once lamented that Bugbee was one of the more marginalized philosophers of the twentieth century, while the late Willard van Orman Quine of Harvard University, world-renown analytic philosopher and logician, described him as the ultimate exemplar of the examined life. Bugbee’s most recognized work, The Inward Morning: A Philosophical Exploration in Journal Form, consists of sequences of journal entries. Bugbee’s writings are remarkably different than most anything written in twentieth-century American philosophy. As an undergraduate, already aware of the need to overcome the limitations of formal philosophical writing, Bugbee acknowledged: “Certainly anyone who throws his entire personality into his work must to some extent adopt an aesthetic attitude and medium.”
The purpose of this book is to remove the philosophical writings of Henry Bugbee from relative obscurity, making them more accessible to the wider public. Beginning with an introductory account of Bugbee’s “experiential naturalism,” the development of his thought is traced from his student writings in Part One to some select published writings in Part Two, followed by heretofore unpublished writings in Part Three. Part Four consists of an in-depth interview conducted during the twilight years of his life. The book concludes with a rich collection of appendices that are intended to shed light upon the unique person Bugbee in fact was. The end-in-view throughout has been to allow Bugbee the opportunity to speak in his own words and, when appropriate, through the words of others: those both familiar with the man as well as his philosophy.
The Writing of Spirit
Authors: Pourciau Sarah M.
Published: January 2018

Contemporary thought has been profoundly shaped by the turn toward synchronic models of explanation, which analyze phenomena as they appear at a single moment, rather than diachronically as they develop through time. Nowhere, however, has this transformation unfolded more influentially than in the domain of language science, where the terminology of synchrony and diachrony first explicitly emerges. The Writing of Spirit sets out to demonstrate, via a new history of language science, that we do not know what we think we know about this pivotal juncture in our intellectual past. Twentieth century linguistic structuralism, it argues, does not replace the historicist approach of the 19th century with a more modern, more systematic perspective, as has long been assumed, because the relationship between history and system is the point. The real revolution consists, not in a turn away from language time, but in a turn toward time’s absolutely minimal conditions, and thus also: toward a theory of diachrony, boiled down and distilled. The book arrives at this surprising and powerful conclusion via the analysis of language scientific theories over the course of two centuries, associated with thinkers from Jacob Grimm to the Russian Futurists and from Richard Wagner to Roman Jakobson, in domains as disparate as historical linguistics, phonology, acoustics, opera theory, philosophy, poetics, and psychology. The result is a novel contribution to one of the most pressing questions of our current intellectual moment, namely: the question of what role the study of history should play in the interpretation of present-tense states.
To Begin With
Authors: Vidal Fernando , Ortega Francisco
Published: January 2018

The introduction presents the basic question this book seeks to explore: How did the idea that humans are essentially their brains become thinkable? It also positions itself not “against” brain research, but against some of the most extravagant claims of the “neuro.” It explains that although the book does not explicitly explore the biopolitical repercussions of the neurosciences, it is “political” in the general sense that it deals with processes that touch on people’s lives, the constitution of subjectivities, and the distribution of power within societies. The introduction also presents the book’s threefold argument: First, the identification between brain and mind was made possible by early modern scientific and philosophical developments that affected notions of personhood. Second, neuroscientific research did not substantiate the “cerebralization” of personhood either conceptually or empirically; rather, it is an underlying presupposition that dictates the way research is done and its results interpreted. Finally, despite its powerful rhetoric, the cerebralization of personhood is neither necessary nor inevitable.
“Up for Grabs”
Authors: Vidal Fernando , Ortega Francisco
Published: January 2018

The conclusion underlines that all the fields analyzed in the book share what we characterized as a “modern creed.” It explains that such creed is modern because of its chronology, and because it is an element of the psychological, philosophical, political and scientific cosmologies usually identified to modernity. It is a creed because it states basic beliefs that guide action. As this conclusion emphasizes, that idea is best understood as a historically contingent resource, born to uphold and make plausible a redefinition of personhood that ultimately functioned as the core of an ideology (in the sense of a complex set of notions, beliefs and ideals). The title comes from a remark by intellectual historian Louis Menand: “every aspect of life has a biological foundation in exactly the same sense, which is that unless it was biologically possible it wouldn’t exist. After that, it’s up for grabs.”
Oral Communication Apprehension among International Doctoral Students
Authors: Amiri Fatemeh , Puteh Marlia
Published: January 2018

Communication apprehension has been identified as a major factor which inhibits an individual’s willingness to communicate and his/her ability to develop effective communication skills. While many prior studies have investigated oral communication apprehension among undergraduate students, there has been little research exploring this phenomenon among doctoral students. This study applied qualitative methodology via observation and interviews. The research subjects were international doctoral students from several Malaysian universities. The experiences of the students in communicating with examination panel during academic presentations (e.g. proposal and viva) are analysed and the factors contributing to their oral CA are explored.
2017/42 Asda retail employees can compare themselves to distribution centre employees in equal pay claim (UK)
Authors: Johnston Katie
Published: January 2018

2017/42 Asda retail employees can compare themselves to distribution centre employees in equal pay claim (UK)

Between 2008 and 2016, around 7000 Asda employees working in retail stores (who were largely women) issued equal pay claims in the Manchester Employment Tribunal (‘ET’). The Claimants argued that retail store workers carry out work of ‘equal value’ to the predominantly male workforce working in the distribution centres, meaning they were appropriate comparators for the purposes of an equal pay claim. The ET upheld their claim, even though the stores and distribution centres were run by different departments and the rates of pay set by a different method. Asda appealed to the EAT, which dismissed all grounds of appeal and upheld the ET’s decision, allowing the UK’s largest private-sector group equal pay claim to proceed.
2017/46 Supreme Court upholds right to equal survivors’ pensions for same-sex partners (UK)
Authors: Bond Anna
Published: January 2018

2017/46 Supreme Court upholds right to equal survivors’ pensions for same-sex partners (UK)

The Supreme Court has ruled in favour of a man seeking to establish that, if he died, his husband should be entitled to the same survivor’s pension as a female spouse would receive in the same circumstances. The Court unanimously held that an exemption in the Equality Act 2010 allowing employers to exclude same-sex partners from pension benefits accruing before December 2005, was incompatible with EU law and should be disapplied.
Aplicación de la pragmática en clase. Propuesta para enseñar las disculpas en lengua materna, segunda lengua y lengua extranjera
Authors: Jiménez Diego , Maza Marina , Milewska Joanna , Mora Juan Pablo
Published: January 2018

La pragmática ha adquirido una importante dimensión convirtiéndose en una disciplina muy estudiada y con muchas posibilidades que abren diferentes frentes investigadores. En este sentido, partimos de esa importancia como pretexto para focalizar esta propuesta en torno a la enseñanza de español. Dentro del campo de actuación de la pragmática centramos la mirada en la forma de disculparse. Para ello, proponemos una serie de actividades que facilitan el aprendizaje de este aspecto atendiendo a tres diferentes contextos con sus respectivos destinatarios, esto es, alumnos de lengua materna (LM), segunda lengua (L2) y lengua extranjera (LE).
Más allá de la adquisición de una lengua. Reseña de El español entre dos mundos. Estudios de ELE en Lengua y Literatura
Authors: Vílchez Ruiz Míryam
Published: January 2018

El estudio del español parece ser, hoy en día, una apuesta de futuro. En la actualidad, muchas son las personas que dedican su tiempo y empeño a aprender español, ya sea desde una perspectiva filológica, o como lengua extranjera. Por ende, no es de extrañar que dicho menester suscite la formación de un profesorado que solvente las necesidades de la sociedad actual. De hecho, en estos tiempos de incertidumbre laboral y económica erigirse como profesor de español como lengua extranjera puede suponer lograr una meta muy codiciada para todos aquellos que amamos las letras: encontrar una forma digna de ganarse la vida. Es por ello que, cada vez más, las universidades potencian y predisponen la formación de su alumnado hacia dicho cometido.
La evaluación de la lengua escrita y de la lengua oral: algunas reflexiones (entrevista con Lourdes Miquel y Dolors Poch)
Authors: Igarreta Fernández Alba
Published: January 2018

Este artículo refleja el debate que se suscitó en la Mesa Redonda de la Jornada del 23 de noviembre. Lourdes Miquel y Dolors Poch poseen una amplia experiencia en los diversos aspectos de la enseñanza y la evaluación del conocimiento del ELE. Enseñan ELE desde los inicios de su actividad profesional, han investigado y publicado sobre el tema, son autoras de materiales y una parte importante de su actividad docente se desarrolla en diversos cursos y másteres que tienen como objetivo formar a los futuros profesores de ELE o ampliar la formación de profesores en ejercicio. Esta experiencia les permite poseer una visión de conjunto sobre el funcionamiento de las pruebas de evaluación y aportar una serie de reflexiones sobre algunos aspectos de ellas que deberían tomarse en cuenta para mejorar el diseño de pruebas futuras.
Liter·Alia: Hispanic Literatures in their Context. A Digital Annotated Edition of Spanish Works of Fiction As a Tool to Teach Spanish Literature to Second Language Students
Authors: Llosa Sanz Álvaro , Mañas Gómez Ana Belén , Grønnevik Flåskjer Ingerid
Published: January 2018

Frequently, students of Spanish as a second language struggle when they must read works of fiction. This critical situation on reading comprehension often happens because learners have a limited knowledge of vocabulary, and they lack enough historical and aesthetic contextual background data. As a solution, creating a tailored online digital annotated edition can help to develop comprehension skills, support informative and critical reading, and enhance writing discussions. This can be reached when we build around a particular text a net of multimodal interaction fueled by audiovisual resources, written explanations, and topic-based enquiries which are placed as annotations linked to meaningful key-words in the main text. Thus, this paper focuses on describing an online digital annotated edition prepared for Spanish students of language and literature (level B2) in the framework of an introductory course of Contemporary Spanish Literature taught at the University of Oslo (Norway) on 2017.
Didactics and Posthumanism: Spanish as foreign language and Literature teaching in the Digital Age
Authors: R. Posada Adolfo
Published: January 2018

Since the publication of the article “Digital Natives, Digital Immigrants” by Marc Prensky, the way in which new technologies and Social Networks determine the educational process has been discussed in the context of the Didactics. This perspective shift has forced to rethink the role played by teachers and educational institutions. Such observations will focus the attention of this paper in order to analyze the main myths, proposals and challenges related to the didactic application of the ICT and the Social Networks in the learning process of Spanish as foreign language and the literary teaching.
Carbó Marro, Carme, Jesús María García Sáenz y Ricardo Lucas Gómez Coords. (2017): Metodologia i avaluació de llengües. Metodología y evaluación de lenguas. Elda, Generalitat Valenciana. Conselleria d’Educació, Investigació, Cultura i Esport
Authors: Vílchez Ruiz Míryam
Published: January 2018

Review: Carbó Marro, Carme, Jesús María García Sáenz y Ricardo Lucas Gómez Coords. (2017): Metodologia i avaluació de llengües. Metodología y evaluación de lenguas. Elda, Generalitat Valenciana. Conselleria d’Educació, Investigació, Cultura i Esport.
Els mètodes d'ELE espanyols, models de llengua? Cap a una integració de la variació sincrònica als llibres de l'alumne
Authors: Santiago Xavier
Published: January 2018

El presente texto tiene como objetivo proponer un cambio de orientación en los modelos de lengua de algunos manuales de ELE españoles, puesto que estos no tienen en cuenta suficientemente un aspecto fundamental inherente a todas las lenguas: la variación sincrónica. Así, en esta contribución, a raíz de una descripción detallada sobre las deficiencias e inadecuaciones de algunos métodos de ELE publicados en España, se anotan algunas propuestas de mejora de estos materiales para que puedan servir mejor de complemento para un modelo de lengua que tenga en cuenta la realidad variacional del español y que sea adaptable a todas las situaciones de enseñanza de esta lengua.
L'experiència de la literatura: Una proposta de taller d'escriptura creativa per a aprenents d'ele/L2
Authors: Acquaroni Muñoz Rosana
Published: January 2018

Este artículo recoge una propuesta didáctica de taller de escritura creativa –que surge en el marco de la investigación llevada a cabo para mi tesis doctoral– concebido como espacio independiente al de la clase de ELE/L2, en el que puedan confluir aprendices con distintos niveles de dominio lingüístico y comunicativo y donde el principal objetivo sea desarrollar su escritura de manera más creativa, imaginativa y personal, al no tener que atender a las necesidades curriculares concretas impuestas por la práctica de la expresión escrita en el contexto de una clase regular. Tras una breve introducción, exponemos cuáles son sus fundamentos así como los detalles de su funcionamiento para poder llevarla a cabo.
El papel de una maestra en la inclusión de una alumna sordociega en la comunidad educativa
Authors: Barba-Martín Raúl A. , González-Calvo Gustavo , Martínez-Scott Suyapa
Published: January 2018

Esta investigación tiene como objetivo analizar el modo en que una docente de Educación Infantil pone en práctica su modelo pedagógico desde la perspectiva de un modelo inclusivo de gestión escolar. Dentro de las pretensiones de la docente se encuentra la de conseguir la inclusión plena y eficaz de una alumna inmigrante con discapacidad auditiva y visual. Los datos surgen de las entrevistas realizadas con la maestra, en los que se aprecian los factores que afectan a las relaciones entre el profesorado, los que afectan el desarrollo de la identidad profesional y las implicaciones que tiene tratar de ofrecer una adecuada respuesta pedagógica e innovadora a todo el alumnado. En el estudio se muestran, por una parte, los factores de lucha y la dificultad de la profesión, que tornan la pasión pedagógica en cierta duda y, por otra, los factores de éxito, que transforman ese desánimo en esperanza y ganas de seguir aprendiendo de la profesión.
The Past, Present, and Future of Colonization Studies
Authors: Tomek Beverly C.
Published: January 2018

Introduces the key themes in the book by tracing the historiography on African recolonization. Discusses the connection between colonization and emancipation. Examines the motives for African colonization and the movement’s relationship with the U.S. government.
Introduction
Authors: Manley Elizabeth S.
Published: January 2018

The introductory chapter presents the two main arguments of the study. First, as a result of both the Trujillo and Balaguer regimes’ efforts to uphold the Dominican Republic’s international reputation as stable and project an image of a progressive and progressing nation, women found and expanded spaces of global and transnational activism that advanced basic political rights and paved the way for the late 20th century feminist movement. Second, while the paternal constructs of rule upheld by Trujillo and Balaguer did advance women’s roles in certain arenas of society and politics, they also paradoxically enforced a superstructure that maintained a traditional understanding of women’s innate abilities as maternal public figures. It elaborates on the historiographies of Dominican women’s history, transnational feminism, and dictatorship, and lays out the structure of the subsequent chapters.
Advocating Suffrage and Sovereignty
Authors: Manley Elizabeth S.
Published: January 2018

Chapter 1 traces the increasing involvement of Dominican women in national politics through the 1920s and 1930s from the U.S. Occupation to the first decade of the Trujillo regime. During this period, Dominican women used the Pan-American arena to press for changes at the local level and they employed the rhetoric of egalitarian rule to assert their place in the theatre of democracy that Trujillo had begun to act out locally for the international stage. By proving themselves as skilled, networked, and non-threatening agents, the women active prior to and during the first decade of the dictatorship of Rafael Trujillo made themselves central to a carefully orchestrated national and international reputation, garnered concrete political gains like suffrage, and allowed for their continued engagement with the politics of the Dominican state through an intense period of transition.
Intimate Violations
Authors: Manley Elizabeth S.
Published: January 2018

Chapter 3 looks at women’s resistance activities on the island and in exile during the Trujillato, as well as the rhetoric that surrounded mothers and wives within the movement and argues that it was precisely the increasingly intimate violations of women and traditional gender roles that ultimately doomed the regime. The chapter advocates for not only a physical inclusion of women in the narrative of anti-dictatorial politics, but also a consideration of the role of traditional familial and feminine “protections” in the upending of a thirty-year regime. Women pointed out—to both domestic and international audiences—the failure of the regime to protect femininity and national morality and, as a result, led the way to the regime’s demise.
The Distribution and Significance of E Groups
Authors: Chase Arlen F. , Dowd Anne S. , Freidel David A.
Published: January 2018

The significance of E Groups to the ancient Maya has been recognized for almost a century. Placed facing each other across a formal plaza, a western pyramid and a long eastern platform that usually supports three structures form the architectural arrangement known as an E Group. The solar alignments within an E Group were recognized first at Uaxactún, Guatemala, and were interpreted to mean that the entire complex functioned as a giant calendrical device. Because this architectural arrangement could be recognized at other Maya sites, it became viewed as central to the rise of Maya civilization. This chapter briefly reviews the history of E Group research and sets the stage for the more detailed studies that follow.
E Groups and the Rise of Complexity in the Southeastern Maya Lowlands
Authors: Chase Arlen F. , Chase Diane Z.
Published: January 2018

How the ancient Maya used E Groups needs to be derived from the archaeological record. Research undertaken in the southeast Petén of Guatemala has revealed a concentration of over 150 E Groups in the area defined by Ceibal on the west, Caracol on the east, Esquipulas on the south, and the Central Petén lakes on the north. Excavated E Groups from Cenote, Uaxactún, Caracol, and Ixtonton can be used to help organize and understand these archaeological data and to show that the E Group structural assemblage is generally early within this region, dating primarily to the Late Preclassic Period (350 BCE-0 CE) and constituting the founding architecture for an unusual number of small communities in the southeast Petén. The size and structure of the eastern platform in these E Groups also appears to serve as a proxy for broader socio-political organization. Data from Caracol also suggests the importance of these architectural assemblages for temporal ritual associated with the 8th and 9th baktun cycles. Tenth cycle ritual use of these assemblages can also be seen at sites such as Ucanal, Seibal, and possibly Yaxha. Thus, E Groups can be linked to both the rise and denouement of Maya civilization.
The Many Faces of Defeat
Authors: Lena Alberto
Published: January 2018

Lena surveys the historical context of Italy’s devastating defeat at the Battle of Caporetto in 1917, and argues about its importance to Hemingway’s A Farewell to Arms. This chapter illustrates the historical background to the fascist control of the Italian government and how Hemingway rejects their ideology through Frederic Henry, the protagonist. Lena negotiates the complex political and military realities surrounding Caporetto in order to emphasize Hemingway’s important statement about the war and its mismanagement.
Reading and Not Reading The Black Pig in A Farewell to Arms
Authors: Mandel Miriam B.
Published: January 2018

Mandel takes a brief reference to an anticlerical novel made by one of the characters in A Farewell to Arms and explores the historical and ideological basis for its presence in the novel. In a novel where the Priest is such an important figure, the discussion of the Catholic Church and the way that soldiers would regard religion becomes an important thematic examination. Mandel traces her exploration of this topic, the translation of this obscure novel, and her subsequent revelations, in a way that makes this chapter a study in scholarship and the excavation of an arcane reference.
A “Very Complicated” Diet for a Lion
Authors: Katsui Kei
Published: January 2018

Katsui analyzes one of Hemingway’s fables as crucial for its use of food and drink as a theme to the narrative. To Katsui, food and drink is central to the feeling of “belonging,” of being an insider in the exclusive Venice society. Choice of food and drink reveals the values of a character and indicates the way in which they assimilate into a foreign culture.