bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Absence of bound states for quantum walks and CMV matrices via reflections
Authors: Cedzich Christopher , Fillman Jake
Published: October 2024

We give a criterion based on reflection symmetries in the spirit of Jitomirskaya–Simon to show absence of point spectrum for (split-step) quantum walks and Cantero–Moral–Velázquez (CMV) matrices. To accomplish this, we use some ideas from a recent paper by the authors and collaborators to implement suitable reflection symmetries for such operators. We give several applications. For instance, we deduce arithmetic delocalization in the phase for the unitary almost-Mathieu operator and singular continuous spectrum for generic CMV matrices generated by the Thue–Morse subshift.
Editorial
Authors: Montone Paola
Published: October 2024

Dear AG Readers,   It is with great pleasure and pride that I introduce to you this special volume of Annals of Geophysics titled “Embracing the past, empowering the present, and envisioning the future”. As Editor-in-Chief, I am thrilled to present a collection of articles that celebrates 25 years of INGV excellence, within the realm of geophysical disciplines. This volume showcases the outstanding contributions of our esteemed colleagues who have made themselves available to participate as authors in the compilation of this volume. Their participation is rooted in the numerous projects, collaborations, and cultural exchanges they have had over time with all the personnel of our Institute, which have allowed the advancement of knowledge in the various scientific disciplines covered. I extend my heartfelt gratitude to all authors, reviewers, and editorial board members whose dedication has made this milestone possible. Over the past 6 months we have worked hard to curate this special issue of Annals of Geophysics.  I would like to acknowledge the generous help of A. Grazia Chiodetti, who has been consistently present in every stage of editing the papers, and not least Emanuela Bagnato, Felicia Corsale and M. Chiara Piazza in following up with the authors and compiling the papers into the special issue. Without their assistance, the production of this volume would have been significantly more difficult, if not impossible. I'd like to finally thank Enrico Rocchetti, Simone Vecchi and Barbara Angioni for helping us have a well-made and always up-to-date website. I would like to thank all the referees for their excellent work in reviewing the scientific papers in such a short time. I invite you to explore these pages and delve into the diverse insights and discoveries that define our field. May this volume inspire further exploration and collaboration in the years to come. Warm regards, Editor-in-Chief
A procedure for the visualization of fingerprint traces on standard and thermal paper using the electron excitation energy of 1,8-diazafluoren-9-one aggregates in a
polyvinylpyrrolidone polymer
Authors: Lewkowicz Aneta , Czarnomska Martyna , Gruszczyńska Emilia , Karpienko Katarzyna , Wróbel Maciej , Chabowska Michalina , Bojarski Piotr
Published: October 2024

A procedure for the visualization of fingerprint traces on standard and thermal paper using the electron excitation energy of 1,8-diazafluoren-9-one aggregates in a polyvinylpyrrolidone polymer
Performance evaluation and forensic examination of common fingerprint spoofing materials
Authors: Joy Angel , Choudhary Sumit Kumar
Published: October 2024

Fingerprints are the most common evidence found at crime scenes and the most relevant biometric feature for personal identification. The persistence and uniqueness of fingerprints make them one of the most definitive biometric traits, which has led to their wide promotion in secure identity recognition systems. Due to its reliability, it is imperative to maintain its authenticity. The common usage of fingerprinting systems across the world in almost all kind of organizational set-ups have encouraged criminals to turn to fingerprint spoofing and a few other means to break through identity-based security barriers. Major crimes associated with fingerprint spoofing includes biometric data breach, financial frauds, and impersonation. The present research uses common fingerprint spoofing materials to evaluate their performances on a set of available fingerprint biometric machines. Finger impressions were developed on commonly available spoofing materials, which were then subjected to available fingerprint biometric scanners. For those fake prints that successfully bypassed biometric scanners, forensic examinations were performed. Realizing the likelihood of the use of such spoofed finger impressions in the commission of a crime, that exists and continues to evolve in modern society, a proactive forensic approach is imperative. Thus, the ability of these spoofed prints to create inked impressions on paper was also examined vis-à-vis the original inked finger impressions on the paper.
A rapid and non-destructive identification of animal hairs using ATR-FTIR and chemometrics: aproof-of-concept for wildlife forensic applications
Authors: Rao Saptarshi , Jain Deepali , Gaur JR , Verma Rajesh
Published: October 2024

Wildlife crime is a significant threat to biodiversity and can have serious ecological, economic, and social impact. Skin, horns, claws, antlers, and virtually all parts of an animal’s body are utilized in illegal trade. Animal hair is invariably found as physical evidence in wildlife crimes pertaining to mammals. It is also found in wildlife crimes in the form of illegal artifacts, or as circumstantial evidence suggesting the involvement of crime against animals. DNA typing methods are widely applied for species identification but are sometimes unreliable when the sample is highly degraded or mixed with other items. Hair is commonly analysed by microscopic techniques; however, it lacks statistical confidence in identification when the sample size is small and the results are somewhat subjective in nature. Here, we investigate the role of attenuated total reflection Fourier transform-infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy in analysing the spectra obtained from the hair of two distant species of Indian blackbuck (Antilope cervicapra) and Hanuman langur (Semnopithecus entellus) in combination with a suitable chemometric model, i.e., PCA (principal component analysis) and PLS-DA (partial least squares discriminant analysis). This is an alternate non-destructive method for the distinction of the multiple spectra. PCA plot showed the grouping to some extent; however, PLS-DA analysis resulted in the correct segregation of both species. Additionally, this model was validated by 6 unknown hair samples of both species, resulting in a 100% accuracy. The model’s sensitivity and specificity were also tested and calculated to be 1. Hence, the potential of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy is demonstrated by its speed, non-destructive examination, and minimal or no sample preparation. It can complement the present microscopic and DNA-based techniques.
Comparison of the occurrence and nature of infanticide in the 1930s, 1970s and today, in the materials of the Department of Forensic Medicine in Kraków
Authors: Kanclerz Gabriela , Szypuła Gabriela , Komisarz-Calik Maria , Koziołek Wojciech , Szczepaniak Patrycja , Konopka Tomasz
Published: October 2024

Aim: Analysis of the frequency of infanticides in years 1930s, 1970s and nowadays.

Materials and methods: Section protocols collected at the Department of Forensic Medicine in Kraków from years 1930–1939, 1971–1980 and 2012–2021 were investigated. Cases of infanticides were gathered and analysed.

Results: We analyzed 295 cases, 7 from years 2012–2021, 134 from years 1971–1980, and 154 from years 1930–1939. In years 2012–2021, 5 cases were certain infanticides (1 commision – active and 4 omissions – passive), in the other 2 cases, the abandoned carcass of a newborn was thoroughly decomposed. In 1970s, 46 cases were definite infanticides (19 commisions and 27 omissions). In 38 cases, due to significant damage to the corpse, it was impossible to determine the cause of death and to confirm infanticide. We also discovered 5 cases of stillborn, abandoned newborns. In 21 cases, the body of a child whose direct cause of death was the perinatal trauma was abandoned, and in 23 cases abandoned children were underdeveloped; one case was uncategorized. In 1930s, 40 cases were certain infanticides (15 commisions and 25 ommisions). In 30 cases, due to significant damage to the corpse, it was impossible to confirm or rule out infanticide. We discovered 6 cases of stillborn abandoned newborns. In 18 cases, the body of a child whose direct cause of death was perinatal trauma was abandoned, and in 60 cases abandoned children were underdeveloped and therefore unable to survive.

Conclusions: Nowadays the infanticides are quite rare, however in 1970s they were quite common, occurring almost as often as in 1930s.
Genre analysis of online encyclopedias. The case of Wikipedia
Authors: Tereszkiewicz Anna
Published: October 2024

The book is the first complete discussion of the genre of online encyclopedias. The first part of the book, preceded by a theoretical introduction into the concept of webgenres, gives a detailed overview of the types of encyclopedic websites, presenting the characteristics of their content, form and functionality. The second part of the publication concerns Wikipedia – the most popular online encyclopedia. The presentation of the structure of the portal is followed by an in depth discussion of Wikipedia discourse features, describing the most conspicuous properties of the stylistic layer of this encyclopedia. The value of the book is additionally enhanced by many illustrations reproducing the analyzed websites.
Brazil's implementation of access and benefit-sharing and the Nagoya Protocol: Analyzing some trends and positions in the ongoing debate
Authors: Relly Eduardo
Published: October 2024

Access and benefit-sharing (ABS) arising from the utilization of biodiversity’s genetic resources and traditional knowledge is the third objective of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). Since its inception, some parties to the CBD have enacted ABS-national legislation and in 2014, the Nagoya Protocol came into force, providing a global standard among ABS systems. Given this, Brazil has been working to implement ABS since 2001, especially after the enactment of the national Biodiversity Law (Law 13.123/2015), which is the domestic law for the Nagoya Protocol implementation. This paper examines how the implementation of ABS and the Nagoya Protocol is viewed, discussed and debated by some stakeholders. Based on qualitative semi-structured interviews, press releases, public declarations, legislation and grey literature, the paper reveals that although ABS has faced strong criticism and delivered modest results, most stakeholders consider it strategic and important, especially in the face of the bioeconomy–biodiversity nexus. In general, positions on the implementation of ABS policies and the Nagoya Protocol in Brazil can be devised in the following categories: 1) acceptance and optimistic appreciation of ABS, 2) acceptance of ABS mechanisms but impending need for adjustments, 3) acceptance of ABS mechanisms as a ‘bad with it, worse without it’ scenario, and 4) rejection of ABS. Our research also shows that when it comes to ABS and providers of genetic resources, debates centred on the topic of biopiracy have declined, while debates characterized by compromise, institutionalization and the steering of ABS via the implementation process are on the rise.
О некоторых перспективных направле­ниях сотрудничества МВД России и ФСИН России
Authors: Матвеев Д.О.
Published: October 2024

Важным условием реализации функций, возложенных на ор­ганы государственной власти, является организация их регулярного взаи­модействия между собой. Являясь в недавнем прошлом составной частью Министерства внутренних дел, отечественная пенитенциарная система, возглавляемая ныне Федеральной службой исполнения наказаний, и по сегодняшний день соединена с прежним ведомством крепкими связями. Вызванное практической необходимостью сотрудничество уголовно-ис­полнительной системы и полиции с каждым годом становится все теснее и многограннее. Результатом систематического взаимодействия между ве­домствами стало достижение значительных результатов в противодействии преступлениям, совершаемым на территории пенитенциарных учреждений, в организации конвоирования осужденных и лиц, находящихся под стражей, в профилактике правонарушений среди лиц, состоящих на учете в уголовно- исполнительных инспекциях. Несмотря на достигнутые показатели, сохраня­ется потребность в расширении сотрудничества Министерства внутренних дел и Федеральной службы исполнения наказаний по таким направлениям, как профилактика правонарушений, организация силового сопровождения специальных мероприятий и противодействие экстремизму.

For public authorities to successfully implement their functions, they should interact on a regular basis. Recently being an integral part of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the domestic penitentiary system, now headed by the Federal Penitentiary Service, is still connected with the former department. Cooperation between the penitentiary system and the police, caused by practical necessity, is becoming closer and more multifaceted. Systematic interaction between the departments led to the achievement of significant results in countering crimes committed on the territory of penitentiary institutions, organizing the escort of convicts and persons in custody, preventing offenses among persons registered with criminal executive inspections. Despite the achieved indicators, there is still a need to expand cooperation between the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Federal Penitentiary Service in such areas as crime prevention, organization of force support for special events and countering extremism.
К вопросу о понятии искусственного ин­теллекта для целей уголовно-правовых наук
Authors: Корнев А.С.
Published: October 2024

В статье предпринята попытка определить возможности ис­пользования искусственного интеллекта для целей уголовно-правовых наук. Отмечается, что искусственный интеллект предоставляет новые возможно­сти для человечества во всех сферах жизнедеятельности, и именно с ним ассоциируется прорывное развитие как отдельной конкретной отрасли, так и страны в целом. В связи с этим перед наукой уголовного права стоит сложная задача по обеспечению эффективного и устойчивого развития и применения искусственного интеллекта в Российской Федерации и недопущению пре­ступных посягательств на общественные отношения в данной сфере. Слож­ность решения указанной задачи заключается в отсутствии на сегодняшний день единого понимания категории «искусственный интеллект» в числе про­чего ввиду стремительного развития и изменения соответствующих техноло­гий.

The problem of artificial intelligence has been recently discussed by the legislator, legal scientists and law enforcement officers. This is quite reasonable, since artificial intelligence provides new opportunities for humanity in all spheres of life and the breakthrough development of both a particular industry and the country as a whole is associated with it. In this regard, the science of criminal law today faces a particularly responsible and difficult task to ensure effective and sustainable development and application of artificial intelligence in the Russian Federation and to prevent criminal encroachments on public relations in this area. The complexity of solving this problem lies in the absence of a single, well-established and clear understanding of the category of "artificial intelligence", among other things, due to the rapid development and changes in relevant technologies. The article tries to define the concept of "artificial intelligence" for the purposes of criminal law sciences. Keywords: criminal law sciences; artificial intelligence; technical system; crime.
Основания и границы назначения несовершеннолетним условного осуждения
Authors: Скороходова А.С.
Published: October 2024

Российская уголовно-исполнительная политика последних лет характеризуется тенденцией к смягчению уголовной репрессии, инди­видуализации и дифференциации назначения наказания. Результатом та­кой политики стало расширение практики применения наказаний и иных мер уголовно-правового характера, альтернативных лишению свободы. В ста­тье рассматриваются некоторые проблемные аспекты назначения условно­го осуждения в Российской Федерации, в том числе лицам, совершившим преступления в несовершеннолетнем возрасте. Приводятся статистические данные о привлечении к уголовной ответственности и видах уголовного нака­зания в Российской Федерации за 2020-2023 гг., рассматриваются основания назначения условного осуждения в соответствии с уголовным законодатель­ством, делается вывод о необоснованном расширении сферы применения данной уголовно-правовой меры, предлагаются пути корректировки россий­ского законодательства, направленные на решение выявленных проблем.

The Russian penal policy has been recently characterized by a tendency to mitigate criminal repression, individualization and differentiation of punishment. It has led to the expansion of the practice of applying punishments and other criminal law measures alternative to imprisonment. The article discusses some problematic aspects of the appointment of a suspended sentence in the Russian Federation, including for minors. Statistical data on criminal prosecution and types of criminal punishment in the Russian Federation for 2020-2023 are presented, grounds for the appointment of a suspended sentence in accordance with criminal law are considered, the conclusion about unjustified expansion of the scope of application of this criminal legal measure is drawn, and ways to amend Russian legislation are proposed.
STRUCTURAL AND STOCHASTIC BEHAVIOR OF MEXICAN AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS
Authors: Martínez-Damián Miguel Ángel , Rivera-Silva Ana Laura , Hernández-Trejo Víctor Ángel
Published: October 2024

Mexican agricultural exports have grown faster than the country’s economy, suggesting a foreign exchange inflow and the use of production factors in Mexico. This work examines both the structural behavior of the agricultural exports and its stochastic behavior using data from 1993 to 2023. The structural part is modeled with three explanatory behaviors: first, the influence in exports of the U.S. economy through its Gross Domestic Product (GDP); second, the effect of the Mexican economy through its own GDP; and third, the search for a more profitable price abroad was modeled with the real exchange rate. On the other hand, the stochastic behavior was modeled with lags of the actual exports and other explanatory variables. After adjusting an autoregressive distributed lag model and verifying the existence of a long-term relationship between Mexican agricultural exports, U.S. GDP, Mexican GDP, and the real exchange rate, it was found that the behavior of the export growth is largely explained by the U.S. economy.
IMPLEMENTASI ETIKA BISNIS ISLAM TERHADAP PELAKU UMKM DALAM PROMOSI MELALUI DIGITAL MARKETING DI SINJAI
Authors: Wahyuni A. , Permata Srianti , Ridwan Hardiyanti , Salfianur  , Abidin Zaenal
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah implementasi etika bisnis Islam terhadap pelaku UMKM dalam promosi melalui digital marketing di Kecamatan Sinjai utara. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian kualitatif. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian fenomenologi dimana suatu tampilan objek, peristiwa dalam perspektif, sesuatu yang tampak dalam kesadaran, bisa berupa hasil rekaman atau kenyataan. Dalam hal ini peneliti berusaha menggambarkan tentang realitas cara pandang dan metode pemikiran yang digambarkan atau dijelaskan oleh pelaku UMKM terkait dengan cara promosi dan impementasi etika bisnis islam melalui digital marketing. Adapun hasil penelitian ini yaitu Telah ditemukan bukti empiris bahwa 10 narasumber yang telah melakukan promosi melalui Media Sosial mengalami perubahan dari segi pendapatan dikarenakan banyaknya pelanggan baru yang mendapatkan informasi melalui sosial media sehingga tertarik untuk membeli bahkan mentraktir temannya. Ini semua dampak dari sosial media yang begitu cepat mengirim informasi ke khalayak ramai dan Dengan perkembangan zaman sekarang ini para pelaku UMKM khususnya dibidang kuliner yang ada di Kecamatan Sinjai Utara tetap mengimplemetasikan etika bisnis islam dalam  melakukan penjualan secara online maupun secara offline, ini dibuktikan dengan cara-cara yang dilakukan terhadap para pelaku UMKM yang tetap berlaku jujur dan adil serta bertanggungjawab terhadap ibadah wajib dan ibadah sunnahnya.
IMPLEMENTASI AKAD IJARAH SEBAGAI LAYANAN KEUANGAN SYARIAH DI BAITUL MAAL WAT TAMWIL (BMT) TUMANG
Authors: Kusumasari Ajeng , Fitriyani Yeny , Nur Alfianto Achmad
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan dan menganalisis implementasi akad Ijarah sebagai layanan keuangan syariah di BMT Tumang. Melalui pendekatan penelitian kualitatif, data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan analisis dokumen. Teori Grounded digunakan untuk menganalisis data dan mengidentifikasi pola, konsep, dan kategori yang muncul dari praktik implementasi akad Ijarah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa BMT Tumang telah berhasil mengimplementasikan akad Ijarah sebagai alternatif pembiayaan yang mematuhi prinsip-prinsip syariah. Proses akad Ijarah diintegrasikan dengan prinsip keadilan, transparansi, dan tanggung jawab, menciptakan hubungan yang adil antara penyewa dan penyedia layanan keuangan. Selain itu, penerimaan masyarakat terhadap layanan ini cukup positif, dengan kepercayaan masyarakat terhadap lembaga keuangan syariah semakin meningkat. Namun, penelitian juga mengidentifikasi beberapa tantangan, seperti pemahaman masyarakat terhadap konsep Ijarah yang masih perlu ditingkatkan, serta perlunya pendekatan edukatif yang lebih intensif. Selain itu, implementasi teknologi dalam proses akad Ijarah juga menjadi faktor penting yang perlu terus diperbarui untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan aksesibilitas layanan. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi pada pemahaman lebih lanjut tentang praktik implementasi akad Ijarah di BMT Tumang, sekaligus memberikan pandangan yang dapat digunakan sebagai referensi bagi lembaga keuangan syariah lainnya dalam meningkatkan kualitas layanan mereka. Implikasi hasil penelitian ini dapat memberikan dasar bagi pengembangan kebijakan, edukasi masyarakat, dan peningkatan proses operasional di lembaga keuangan syariah.
OPTIMALISASI AKSES PELUNASAN HAJI DENGAN CICIL EMAS DI BANK SYARIAH INDONESIA KC JOMBANG
Authors: Asmaningrum Dwi , Makhtum Ahmad
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk menyelidiki secara rinci penggunaan cicilan emas sebagai alternatif pembiayaan bagi jamaah haji di BSI KC Jombang. Fokus utama penelitian ini adalah untuk mendalami prosedur dan efektivitas sistem cicilan emas dalam mengatasi berbagai tantangan yang muncul selama proses pelunasan biaya haji. Dengan mengadopsi pendekatan kualitatif dan memanfaatkan teknik pengumpulan data seperti wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman yang lebih dalam tentang bagaimana cicilan emas digunakan dalam pembayaran biaya haji di BSI KC Jombang, terutama dari bulan Desember hingga Maret. Hasil temuan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan signifikan dalam penggunaan cicilan emas untuk pembayaran biaya haji, serta keberhasilan program pelunasan haji melalui cicilan emas dalam menyediakan solusi pembayaran haji yang terjangkau dan terstruktur. Hal ini memperluas akses bagi masyarakat untuk melaksanakan ibadah haji. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman tentang peran cicilan emas sebagai opsi pembiayaan yang inklusif bagi umat Islam yang ingin melakukan haji, serta memberikan rekomendasi untuk pengembangan lebih lanjut dalam konteks perbankan syariah dan pembiayaan haji di Indonesia. Dengan pemahaman yang lebih mendalam tentang manfaat cicilan emas sebagai opsi pembiayaan, diharapkan BSI KC Jombang dapat meningkatkan pelayanan kepada nasabah, sehingga dapat memenuhi kebutuhan spiritual dan keuangan mereka terkait perjalanan haji dengan lebih efektif.
Modeling the development of electronic academic libraries
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kolbayev N. , Tuyenbayeva K. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kyzylbek N. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Published: October 2024

The relevance of examining modelling methods in academic electronic libraries is justified by the need to understand the library’s structure and ensure its operation in technological terms. The purpose of this study is to analyse the applied modelling methods for electronic libraries serving Kazakhstani and international higher education institutions. The study employed basic (structural, comparative- comparative) and additional (analytical-synthetic, graphical) methods. During this study, it was found that the main modelling methods for modern electronic libraries include the following: conceptual (content) with the establishment of a clear hierarchy between objects of the electronic library and attributes of search queries, logical using search categorisation, informational employing the semantic principle of material construction, and systemic-functional ensuring a balance between functions, structure, technologies, and management system. In particular, after modelling the structure of Kazakhstani, British, and American digital libraries at universities, it was determined that the Electronic Library Collection of Yale University is built on the method of logical modelling, the Electronic Library at Eurasian National University named after L. N. Gumilyov uses the systemic-functional method, the Cambridge University Electronic Library employs the informational method, and the Al-Farabi Library uses the conceptual (content) method. When examining the technological parameters of electronic libraries, it was found that Kazakhstani libraries are focused on the principle of genre distribution of materials, while British and American libraries focus on thematic segmentation of materials. This study can be further used to present a comparison of models of electronic libraries, develop ways to improve the technological parameters of digital library resources, and methods to enhance the search query system.
Erythematous lesions with Woronoff’s ring like perilesional hypopigmented halo in a case of leprosy
Authors: Mushtaq Sabha
Published: October 2024

Introduction: leprosy, a chronic infectious mycobacterial disease caused by M. leprae, presents with a broad spectrum of skin lesions depending upon the type of leprosy. Woronoff’s ring, a hypopigmented halo, is classically observed around resolving psoriatic lesions and is also seen in association with various skin tumors. However, such a phenomenon is rarely reported in leprosy. Objective: to describe an atypical case of borderline lepromatous leprosy presenting with Woronoff’s ringlike perilesional hypopigmented halo. Case description: the report describes a case of borderline lepromatous leprosy with multiple erythematous lesions over the face, each surrounded by a ring of hypopigmentation. Slit skin smear was positive for acid-fast bacilli, and skin biopsy taken from the facial macular lesion was consistent with the diagnosis. The patient was put on WHO-recommended multibacillary multidrug therapy. Discussion: perilesional hypopigmentation, typically associated with psoriatic lesions and certain skin tumors, has rarely been reported in leprosy. The present case was unique due to erythematous lesions with a perilesional hypopigmented halo over the face. Such unusual presentation can lead to a diagnostic dilemma and delay in diagnosis and treatment. Previous literature reports similar findings in isolated cases, suggesting defective melanin transfer or nerve damage as possible causes. Final consideration: leprosy can present with atypical manifestations that often pose a diagnostic dilemma. This case emphasizes the importance of comprehensive clinical and cutaneous examination and maintaining a high index of suspicion for leprosy in patients with unusual skin lesions. Timely diagnosis and treatment are crucial to break the chain of transmission in the community.
Comprehensive Review on Nilofar (Nymphaea alba Linn): Unani Perspectives and Therapeutic Potentials
Authors: Meraj Meraj
Published: October 2024

Nilofar (Nymphaea alba Linn) is commonly known as the white-water lily. It is a hydrophyte with enormous medicinal properties, renowned for its alluring white flowers. It is distributed worldwide in ponds, lakes, and marshy areas. Its various parts have been extensively utilized in Unani medicine globally, particularly in the Indian subcontinent, to prevent and treat a variety of ailments. Numerous research findings have documented its therapeutic effects, including anti-inflammatory, anti-hepatitis C, anti-diarrheal, hepatoprotective, antibacterial, anticarcinogenic, antiurolithiatic, uterotonic, anxiolytic, antidepressant, CNS depressant, anticonvulsant, antihyperlipidemic, and antioxidant activities. In Unani medicine, Nilofar is used to treat various illnesses such as palpitations, diarrhea, hepatotoxicity, inflammation, migraines, anxiety, depression, and convulsions. Nilofar contains a variety of chemical constituents, including alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, phenolic content, glycosides, aglycons, phenolic acids, cardiac glycoside nymphalin, and others. This review explores the therapeutic potential of Nilofar, shedding light on its pharmacological properties, traditional uses, and emerging research. By combining traditional knowledge with the latest scientific findings, this review aims to encourage further research and facilitate its integration into mainstream healthcare practices.
Comparative Study of Ketorolac vs Lidocaine for Post Operative Pain Relief
Authors: Khushbu Sanjay Pawar  , Komal Machhindranath Halwar  , Monika Dnyaneshwar Dange  , Harshada Gajanan Kamalkar  , Prof. Manisha Ramesh Virkar  , Dr. Kavita Kulkarni
Published: October 2024

This review article is based on the comparative study of lidocaine with ketorolac For pain relief of Post-operative pain relief. IN 1989 ketorolac became an approved as Non-steroidal anti inflammatory drug (NSAID) as an analgesic. IN 1969 Lidocaine became an approved as NSAID drug. In this study ketorolc is compared with lidocaine. And this review evaluate both potential benefits and potential drawbacks of drugs with their advantage and disadvantage. Also this study is performed to show the effectiveness and of Lidocaine vs Ketorolac For Post-operative pain relief. And the pharmacokinetic effect of drugs. Intravenous regional anesthesia is a simple and reliable method for upper extremity surgery. In order to increase the quality of blocks and reduce the amount of pain, many drugs are used with lidocaine. In this study, the effect of ketorolac-lidocaine in intravenous regional anesthesia was investigated. These studies have provided additional information about various routes of administration and their effect on the efficacy and the side effect profile of ketorolac
Atención a la Dependencia de Personas Mayores en España
Authors: García Purificación Cremades
Published: October 2024

El envejecimiento de la población ha provocado un aumento del número de personas mayores dependientes de cuidados. Tradicionalmente la asistencia y apoyo a las mismas se ha prestado en el ámbito familiar, pero los cambios sociales acontecidos, entre otros, la incorporación de la mujer al mercado de trabajo, que ha sido quien fundamentalmente ha prestado los cuidados a sus ascendientes, obliga al Estado a contar con marcos jurídicos adecuados y mecanismos financieros efectivos, para garantizar el derecho a la vida y a la dignidad en la vejez.
Pandemic Perspectives: International English Learners’ Issues with Online Instruction
Authors: Alomari Iyad , Saito L. Erika
Published: October 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic abruptly shifted the delivery of teaching and learning, particularly for adult English learners (ELs) and international students enrolled in US institutions. This study investigates EL perspectives of their English instructors during the COVID-19 pandemic and the shift to remote learning in the spring of 2020 through a quantitative approach. Participants (N = 158) completed a perception questionnaire, and the results were analyzed through IBM SPSS Statistics 27.0.1. Results identify lower attendance and engagement tied to perceptions of limited instructor knowledge in online environments. In addition, they show perceptions of lower instructor effort, limited opportunities to connect with peers, and limited resources for students. These findings suggest the need for instructors with digital literacy skills and social and emotional skills in order to connect and strengthen class communities.
Multilingual Course Re-design(ing) Amid Local and Global Crises: Lessons Going Forward
Authors: Sherwood Leslie
Published: October 2024

This reflective essay discusses my experience over one year during the COVID-19 global pandemic. I analyze my experiences teaching and my observations of students, concluding that the affordances of blended learning can be useful for engaging multilingual students, and that such engagement allows for more time for formative feedback for students. Specifically, a blended approach was used in a graduate ESL communications class for international students, most of whom took the class from their home countries. However, this approach may not necessarily fit with the teaching style of the instructor. Thus, the teaching and learning context adjusted by the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a transformative teaching experience, wherein the instructor learned the value of more self-directed learning by the students. In this paper, course context will first be outlined, followed by detailed accounts of each course design approach, including cases in which students took the classes entirely asynchronously due to time zone conflicts. Specific assignments for synchronous and asynchronous teaching and learning contexts will be described, and I include a critical analysis of my teaching style with each. I review the supports that allowed for experimentation with teaching approaches during this remote time and I describe overall pedagogical implications.
Parent-Centered Intervention in the Time of the Pandemic: Meeting the Complex Communication Needs of a Bilingual Preschooler
Authors: Hercules Jesica , Greene Kai
Published: October 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic forced educational practitioners, students (PreK–12), and families to adjust to synchronous and asynchronous online instruction. This study followed an online intervention involving a Spanish-English preschool special education teacher, a Spanish-speaking parent, and her bilingual preschool child with complex communication needs (CCN). Students with CCN frequently require an augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) system to compensate for severe developmental language disorders. Over a six-week period, the parent and teacher collectively introduced the preschooler to a low-technology AAC option: a picture exchange communication system in English and Spanish. Overall, the parent developed an increased understanding of her child’s communicative intent and reported high levels of satisfaction with utilizing AAC to meet her child’s bilingual language needs. Even though the pandemic caused many learning challenges, this single-subject study highlights the effectiveness of a parent-centered and culturally relevant instructional approach for a bilingual preschooler with CCN.
Preparing Teacher Candidates with Pedagogical Approaches for ELLs in Hybrid/Virtual Learning Spaces
Authors: Solis Elsie N. , Flores-Chang Nirmla G.
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study is to empower preservice teachers (PSTs) to leverage relevant technology-based practices and be equipped with various tools and strategies appropriate for English Language Learners (ELLs) in PreK–12 grade settings. Now, more than ever, teacher candidates need to be prepared to understand the challenges faced by ELLs and provide various pedagogies for online platforms. This qualitative investigation explored 57 educators’ perspectives from PreK–12 schools, districts, and preparation programs in higher education in an effort to obtain relevant approaches in technology strategies and pedagogical frameworks that support ELLs’ remote learning. The study also draws on the knowledge needed to implement Social and Emotional Learning. Based on the findings, the study revealed (a) there are gaps between what teachers gain from the districts and what they have previously learned from their teacher preparation programs; (b) some teachers were not completely aware of the Social and Emotional Learning approach; (c) participants identified three pedagogical frameworks as most commonly used and they interchangeably used frameworks, programs, some online platforms, and resources in one section; and (d) educators’ insights highlighted what teachers should take into consideration (e.g., scaffolding/differentiated strategies) when planning, creating, and delivering instruction for ELLs in an online platform. Overall, participants emphasized the much-needed dedication to explore technology tools for various pedagogical approaches in hybrid/virtual learning spaces.
The Illusion of Inclusion: Blackness in ELT
Authors: Bryan Kisha , Romney-Schaab Mary , Cooper Ayanna
Published: October 2024

The field of TESOL has experienced a renewed interest in the role of race in language teaching and learning within the context of the recent “racial reckoning” in the US. As a result, the field has seen a plethora of DEI position statements, initiatives, and publications on race, racism, and anti-racism over the past two years. However, the persistence of linguistic, racial, and cultural hegemony, bias, discrimination, linguicism, and marginalization leads us to ask whether inclusion is an illusion. In answering this question, we describe the effects of this illusion in two areas: ELT curriculum and materials (Grant & Wong, 2008) and faculty hiring practices (Romney, 2010). With critical race theory and raciolinguistics as frameworks, we discuss the policies and practices that continue to marginalize Black TESOL professionals and disadvantage Black preservice teachers and English learners. We conclude the essay with recommendations for effective DEI and actionable allyship.
Reducing Colonial Harm in Language Teaching: A Guide to Anti-racism and Critical Self-reflective Practices for Language Teachers
Authors: Molina Sarina Chugani
Published: October 2024

The powerful undercurrents and rooted presence of coloniality continue to influence the field of English language teaching today (Kubota, 2016). Motha (2014) argues that our field in its historicity and embedded colonial lineage is inherently intertwined with notions of race and power. The language of the colonized is considered by the colonizers to be inferior to the colonial language “associated with the word and people of God, of territory and ownership” (Kalyanpur et al., forthcoming). This essay engages the reader in consciousness-raising practices that require deep introspection on our own positionality, intersectionality (Crenshaw, 1989), and histories with the English language and suggests ways to transform the self and system that dismisses the linguistic and cultural wealth (Yosso, 2005) of our students.
Visibility as Validation: A Case Study of Culturally Responsive Materials Development for TESOL
Authors: Boruah Padmini Bhuyan
Published: October 2024

In normative multilingual ESL/EFL contexts like India, non-dominant cultural and ethnic representations are absent or superficially represented in English textbooks. For learners from linguistically disadvantaged groups, English has to be negotiated through an unfamiliar dominant language. In this article, I argue that appropriate inclusivity self-checks at the predevelopment stage of materials preparation can contribute effectively to the development of culturally responsive English language teaching materials. Using the Steinhardt NYU Metro Center’s Culturally Responsive Curriculum Scorecard and the Fairness, Bias, and CulturalResponsiveness Checklist of the Centre for Collaborative Education, Indiana University, I examine whether, and to what extent, a set of state-mandated English textbooks reflect culturally responsive and inclusive pedagogy as a response to the English language needs of multilingual, multicultural learners in India. The study shows that by using appropriate selfcheck rubrics, textbook developers can identify sites of diversity-blindness or lack of cultural responsiveness, and design materials with inclusive cultural representations.
How Does Collaborative Learning Support ESL Learners’ Development of Higher Order Thinking Skills?
Authors: Zhou Wangmei
Published: October 2024

The effects of collaborative learning have been well studied in the context of students' developing reading proficiency. However, only a handful of scholars have examined the impact of collaborative learning on students' development of higher order thinking skills (Chapman, Ramondt, and Smiley, 2005; Lehtinen et al., 1999; Ma 2009). This article reports a case study that explored how collaborative learning supports English as a Second Language (ESL) learners' development of higher order thinking skills in a traditional ESL grammar class. To collect data, the researcher employed interviews, audio recordings, and class observations. It is hoped that through understanding this relationship not only will ESL learners develop their higher order thinking skills while acquiring a second language, but also school directors and instructors will be inspired to create effective collaborative learning activities.
Instructional Models for Equitable and Effective Multilingual Instruction in California
Authors: Gross Esther , Crawford Jenifer
Published: October 2024

This article offers a critical interpretation of the current trends in instructional models for English language learners in California. We review key instructional models and analyze them from traditional (teacher-centered), progressive (student-centered), and critical orientations (society- and power-centered). These instructional models share many common effective principles and strategies for bilingual instruction that support and often accelerate language and content learning. While these instructional models exemplify many of the best traditional and progressive approaches to multilingual instruction, they do not encompass critical orientation to language teaching and learning. In this article we argue that none of the current models synthesize high-leverage practices from all orientations and thus offer a critical framework grounded in the sociocultural and raciolinguistic contexts of multilingual instruction to best serve all K-12 Emergent Bilinguals (EBs) in California.
Output as a Source of Input: Collaborative Writing Tasks for Developing the Grammar and Linguistic Resources of L2 Writers
Authors: Goins Mitchell
Published: October 2024

The role of grammar instruction within second-language writing instruction has been a subject of debate for several decades. Researchers have debated the necessity of grammar instruction, different methodologies of grammar instruction, and grammar instruction’s effectiveness for second-language writing development. Despite research indicating the benefit of grammar instruction for second-language learning and writing development, practical applications of grammar instruction to second-language writing instruction remain sparse within the discourses of second-language learning. Drawing upon theory, research, and practice from within the fields of Second Language Acquisition and Applied Linguistics, this article articulates three practical form-focused collaborative writing tasks that facilitate explicit focus on grammar and language form within the context of L2 writing.
Quién Habla Dos Idiomas Vale por Dos: Tying Children’s Language Brokering Skills into Their Educational Journey to Develop Bilingualism
Authors: Mossman Beth
Published: October 2024

This article examines the Spanish proverb, quien habla dos idiomas vale por dos, which literally translates to mean he who speaks two languages is worth two people and applies its meaning to immigrant children who are language brokers for their families. Historically, the United States has not promoted multilingualism and even frowned up language brokering because it is viewed as an adult task taken on by a child. However, recent research shows that language brokering is actually a benefit that aids the family in the acculturation process and assists the child in the journey of becoming bilingual. There is much research already on the benefit of being bilingual. This project set out to show that connecting child language brokers to educational programs could ultimately nurture their bilingual skills and support them to be successful academically. The goals of this project were to link language brokers with (a) current research on benefits of bilingualism, (b) to find any pioneers in the United States leading the way in promoting bilingualism or multilingualism, and (c) to offer next steps.
Using Funds of Knowledge to Identify Gifts and Talents: The Role of Home Visits
Authors: Deniz Fatmana Kara , Spies Tracy
Published: October 2024

This paper argues that home visits can play a critical role in identifying gifts and talents of bilingual students through students' funds of knowledge. Underrepresentation of students who are culturally and linguistically diverse (CLD), particularly bilingual children, in gifted programs has been a long-term concern in education. One problem of underrepresentation of bilingual students in gifted education is rooted in teacher under referrals of bilingual children for screening. Bilingual students exhibit gifted characteristics in differing ways than their peers from non-diverse backgrounds (Esquierdo & Arreguin-Anderson, 2012). Students' funds of knowledge frame their patterns of learning, knowing, and doing around their unique cultural and linguistic experiences and can serve as a valuable resource in the gifted and talented screening process. The purpose of the paper is to promote the use of home visits as an alternative talent screening approach to assist teachers in the identification of bilingual students' potential characteristics of giftedness through students' funds of knowledge.
Resisting the Coloniality of English: A Research Review of Strategies
Authors: Hsu Funie
Published: October 2024

The colonial legacy of English instruction has become especially relevant within the field of TESOL. While it is promising that increasing attention is being paid to the issue of colonialism and its historical and contemporary impact on the teaching of English, educators might be left without a clear sense of how to traverse the precarious path of English teaching given the realities of the colonial context. The purpose of this article is to present a brief overview of the different proposed strategies for addressing the enduring influence of colonialism in English language teaching. Specifically, it provides a research review of the various methods and pedagogical applications for addressing colonialism in English instruction. This article is intended as a resource to aid practitioners in working reflectively with the continuing effects of colonial English while moving toward decolonial options for English language teaching.