bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Injury to the Muscle Layer and Risk of Non-cardiac Chest Pain after Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Tahara Tomomitsu , Shijimaya Takuya , Nishimon Shuhei , Kobayashi Sanshiro , Matsumoto Yasushi , Nakamura Naohiro , Okazaki Takashi , Takahashi Yu , Tomiyama Takashi , Honzawa Yusuke , Fukata Norimasa , Fukui Toshiro , Naganuma Makoto
Published: February 2024

Background and Aims: Non-cardiac chest pain (NCCP) is a frequent complication of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for early-stage esophageal cancer. However, little is known about relationships between ESD findings and NCCP. This study aims to evaluate the risk factors for NCCP, including ESD findings related to injury to the muscle layer.
Methods: We enrolled a total of 296 lesions from 270 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), who underwent ESD in our center. The grade of injury to the muscle layer caused by ESD was categorized as follows: grade 0: no exposure of muscularis propria; grade 1: muscularis propria exposure and/or whitish color change by the electrocoagulation; grade 2: torn muscularis propria with whitish color change by the electrocoagulation; and grade 3, esophageal perforation. The risk factors for NCCP, including ESD findings, were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analyses.
Results: NCCP occurred in 89 patients (33.0%) after esophageal ESD. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that younger age [odds ratio (OR) 0.95, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) 0.92-0.98, p=0.003), postoperative fever (>= 38°C) (OR=25.9, 95%CI: 2.89-232.10, p=0.004), ESD findings (grade 1: OR=3.99, 95%CI: 1.63-9.75, p=0.003 and grade 2: OR=3.18, 95%CI: 1.54-6.57, p=0.002) were independently associated with the incidence of post ESD NCCP.
Conclusions: ESD findings relate to slight Injury to the muscle layer, such as muscularis propria exposure and whitish color change by the electrocoagulation were identified as risk factor for post ESD NCCP. We should therefore perform esophageal ESD carefully to avoid injuring the muscle layers.
New-onset Diabetes Mellitus after EUS-guided Drainage with LAMS: A Pilot Study
Authors: Man Teodora , Spulber Sfara Alice , Neamti Lidia , Istrate Alexandru , Marta Monica Mihaela , Pojoga Cristina , Seicean Radu , Rednic Voicu , Seicean Andrada
Published: February 2024

Background and Aims: Walled-off necrosis (WON) is a serious complication of severe pancreatitis, patients with necrotizing pancreatitis having an increased risk of developing diabetes mellitus (DM). The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of new-onset diabetes (NOD) in patients with symptomatic WON after endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided drainage with lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMS).
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed a prospectively collected database of patients with symptomatic WON treated by EUS-guided drainage with LAMS in a tertiary referral center. The patients were followed-up for at least 12 months after stent removal. These patients were compared with age- and sex-matched asymptomatic WON controls without interventional treatment and healthy controls to assess the one-year occurrence of DM. Diabetes was defined according to the American Diabetes Association criteria.
Results: Of the 50 patients with symptomatic WON included in the study (male/female ratio, 33:17; median age, 60 years), 13 patients (26%) had pre-existing DM and were excluded. Ten of the remaining 37 patients (27%) without prior DM developed NOD within one year after stent removal, this frequency being higher than in asymptomatic WON controls (18.9%, p=0.581) and healthy controls (2%, p = 0.002). In the symptomatic WON group, NOD patients compared to non-DM patients were older (63.5 vs. 56 years old, p=0.042), had more frequent necrosis > 50% of the pancreatic parenchyma (p=0.002) and had a body-tail location of WON (p<0.001). On multivariate analysis, the number of direct endoscopic necrosectomy (DEN) sessions was the only significant factor for NOD occurrence (OR=7.05, p=0.010). NOD patients had poor glycemic control and required more DEN sessions to achieve WON resolution than patients with prior DM (p=0.017).
Conclusions: In patients with symptomatic WON treated by EUS-guided drainage, DM occurred in 27% of previously non-diabetic patients within one year of follow-up. Patients with extensive pancreatic necrosis were more likely to develop NOD, a high number of DEN sessions being a significant risk factor for NOD occurrence.
Prenatal diagnosis of LUTO- case report and review of the literature
Authors: Anderson Torri , Oseji Ogochukwu , Yancey Jana , Bogojevic Andrej , Toner Lorraine , Gaither Kecia
Published: February 2024

LUTO, or lower urinary tract obstruction refers to a varied group of anatomical abnormalities resulting in an obstruction in the urethra. Development of the urogenital system is an intricate process, with renal anomalies being the most commonly noted. LUTO is seen in approximately 3, in 10,000 live births, two thirds of which are caused by posterior urethral valves (PUV). Posterior urethral valves are membranes within the posterior urethra that can lead to bladder obstruction, hydronephrosis and increased renal pressure. This syndrome occurs almost exclusively in males. We present a case of posterior urethral valve syndrome complicating a pregnancy in the second trimester
Management analysis of clinical processes opened in outpatient consultations at Mavalane general hospital between 2019 and 2021
Authors: Pires Germano , Muamine Elídio , Gilberto Linda
Published: February 2024

The clinical archive is the sector that stores and preserves patient information in clinical processes whose management involves collecting and managing a large portion of important information related to each patient, such as personal, clinical data, care data, consultations and any procedures performed in the hospital environment. The objective of this work was to analyze the management process of clinical processes opened in the outpatient clinics of the Hospital Geral de Mavalane, in the period from 2019 to 2021. Methodologically, the research followed a qualitative approach and had as its object of study all clinical processes opened in external consultations between the years 2019 to 2021 and as a target group a total of 20 employees who deal directly with the management of clinical processes, consisting of administrative assigned to the clinical archive sector, external consultations and wards. Data collection was based on in-depth interviews and documentary records. The semi-structured interview guide was used as an instrument for data collection and at the end the information collected was analyzed according to its content. The results showed that the loss of clinical files is a reality at the Mavalane General Hospital and that from 2019 to 2021, it increased by about 0.3%, they also showed that the clinical archive does not have a computerized system for patient data and which has only one employee assigned to the service, which directly affects the quality of the clinical file management process. The research concluded that the lack of staff in the clinical archive directly contributes to the deficient management of clinical files and, consequently, to the loss and duplication of processes in the clinical archive. The research also concluded that Medicine, Surgery and Gynecology consultations were the ones with the highest number of loss of clinical processes during the years under study
Evaluation of the Brazilian therapeutic and epidemiologic management of osteosarcoma in childhood and adolescence
Authors: Gabriella de Oliveira Bianca
Published: February 2024

Objective: The aim of this study is to analyze the epidemiology of osteosarcoma in children and adolescents and its best therapeutic approach. Data source: data was obtained from the Ministry of Health's databases (TABNET), made available by the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS), available at the following website (http://www.data-sus.gov.br). As the database is in the public domain, it was not necessary to submit the project to the Research Ethics Committee. Data synthesis: 51,901 cases of osteosarcoma were recorded in children and adolescents in Brazil, with a homogeneous distribution throughout the study period. The 15-19 age group accounted for the highest number of cases (41.2%) and also the highest mortality rate. Conclusions: Osteosarcoma is a malignant and aggressive neoplasm which requires rapid diagnosis and treatment, based mainly on chemotherapy and limb salvage surgery (LSS) as adjuvant therapy
Materials for electronically controllable microactuators
Authors: Reynolds Michael F. , Miskin Marc Z.
Published: February 2024

Electronically controllable actuators have shrunk to remarkably small dimensions, thanks to recent advances in materials science. Currently, multiple classes of actuators can operate at the micron scale, be patterned using lithographic techniques, and be driven by complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS)-compatible voltages, enabling new technologies, including digitally controlled micro-cilia, cell-sized origami structures, and autonomous microrobots controlled by onboard semiconductor electronics. This field is poised to grow, as many of these actuator technologies are the firsts of their kind and much of the underlying design space remains unexplored. To help map the current state of the art and set goals for the future, here, we overview existing work and examine how key figures of merit for actuation at the microscale, including force output, response time, power consumption, efficiency, and durability are fundamentally intertwined. In doing so, we find performance limits and tradeoffs for different classes of microactuators based on the coupling mechanism between electrical energy, chemical energy, and mechanical work. These limits both point to future goals for actuator development and signal promising applications for these actuators in sophisticated electronically integrated microrobotic systems.

Graphical Abstract
Turkey in the 80s
Authors: Iddison Phil
Published: February 2024

My previous article on Kavac?k Pazar (in PPC 125) focused on my food experiences in and around a village on the Asian side of the Bosporus and its weekly open market. This was only part of my culinary education in Turkey from 1986 to 1988. Living in Istanbul for 32 months, combined with our travels around Turkey, provided a rewarding stream of new food experiences.
David Conde Caballero and Lorenzo Mariano Juárez (prol. Ana Vega Pérez de Arlucea; watercolours José Carlos Sampedro): Las recetas del hambre: La comida de los años de posguerra
Authors: Hayward Vicky
Published: February 2024

David Conde Caballero and Lorenzo Mariano Juárez (prol. Ana Vega Pérez de Arlucea; watercolours José Carlos Sampedro): Las recetas del hambre: La comida de los años de posguerra: Crítica, 2023, 208 pp. Hardback. €24.90. ebook €9.49.
Elizabeth David, a Centenary
Authors: Tulloh Jojo
Published: February 2024

Extracts from marginalia notes written by Elizabeth David.
Anna Martellotti: Linguistica e Cucina
Authors: Riley Gillian
Published: February 2024

Anna Martellotti: Linguistica e Cucina: Leo S. Olschki Editore, 2012: 170 pp., €20.
Nina Stibbe: Love, Nina. Despatches from Family Life
Authors: Jaine Tom
Published: February 2024

Nina Stibbe: Love, Nina. Despatches from Family Life: Penguin-Viking, 2013: 322 pp., hardback, £12.99.
TEMPORAL EVENTS PROCESSING MODELS IN FINITE STATE MACHINES
Authors: Miroshnyk M. A. , Shmatkov S. I. , Shkil O. S. , Miroshnyk А. М. , Pshenychnyi K. Y.
Published: February 2024

Context. The issue of a synthesizable finite state machine with temporal events processing using hardware description language pattern. The object of this study is external event processing in real-time systems.

Objective. The goal of this work is to introduce methods to express external temporal events on finite state machine state diagrams and corresponding HDL patterns of such events processing in control systems.

Method. The classification of external events in real-time systems is analyzed. A device class that changes its internal state depending on the temporal external events is introduced. A method to express these events on the temporal state diagram is introduced. Possible model behavior scenarios based on the external event duration are analyzed. A Verilog HDL external event processing pattern is introduced. The efficiency of the proposed model is proved by developing, verifying, and synthesis of a powersaving module in Xilinx ISE. The results and testing showed the model’s correctness.

Results. External temporal events processing methods in real-time device models are proposed. The corresponding HDL pattern for the proposed model implementation is presented.

Conclusions. The real-time systems with external temporal events automated synthesis problem has been solved. To solve this problem, a finite state machine model-based device using the Verilog language was developed and tested. The scientific novelty lies in the introduction a method to express temporal events on the state diagram of the finite state machine as well as in a HDL when implementing the proposed model on CPLD and FPGA.
On control the chemical composition of raw material and melting mode to ensure the required mechanical properties of steel products of mass production
Authors:   Perm State University, Yasnitsky Leonid ,   National Research University “Higher School of Economics”, Mezentsev Aleksey ,   Perm State University
Published: February 2024

A The goal of the work is to create a mathematical model suitable for operational control of the strength characteristics of the resulting steel product in the conditions of serial steelmaking. Existing approaches based on the results of testing prototypes obtained in laboratory conditions are not suitable for this purpose, since in the conditions of serial steelmaking, the strength characteristics of products, in addition to their chemical composition, are affected by the structure of the metal and many other melting conditions. Approaches in which the structure of the metal is taken into account when making predictions also cannot be used, because obtaining parameters of the metal structure is possible only after casting and solidification of the steel, when operational control actions on the results of melting are no longer possible. The main idea of the study is to train a neural network on those data from a serial production process that directly or indirectly affect the mechanical characteristics of the resulting products and, thus, take into account the structure of the metal in an implicit way. It is noted that data collected under the conditions of existing mass production inevitably contain many statistical outliers, so the datasets were thoroughly cleaned using the author’s algorithm, which made it possible to create a neural network model suitable for practical use. Using the developed neural network model using the freezing method, the dependences of impact strength on the operating modes of the open-hearth furnace, melting conditions and chemical composition were plotted in graphical form. The study of the neural network model made it possible to identify some regularities of the simulated process, in particular, to establish that in the conditions of open-hearth production, the chemical composition does not play a primary role in the formation of the strength characteristics of products. As a result of studies of the neural network model, recommendations were obtained for increasing the impact strength of manufactured products and for removing some of them from reject by changing the melting conditions and the chemical composition of the metal.
Study of Drug Coating Durability on Medical Stents
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Ermakova Tatyana , Mordvinkin Dmitry ,   JSC All-Russian Research, Design and Technological Institute  of Oil Refining and Petrochemical Equipment, Akatiev Vladimir ,   Volgograd State University, Kamyshanova Lilia ,   Volgograd Institute of Management, Branch of the Russian Presidential Academy  of National Economy and Public Administration
Published: February 2024

One of the effective methods of treatment of cardiovascular diseases is a minimally invasive method of surgical intervention called stenting. The structure of the stent in the form of a cylindrical metal mesh makes it possible to deliver the implant to the place of installation in a compressed state and, on site, to expand it to the size required by the vessel. To reduce the risk of restenosis, drug-coated stents are used in drug therapy. Despite this, to date, it has not been possible to completely prevent the development of restenosis. In this regard, the works on the development of drug coating composition and methods of their application on the metal surfaces of the medical stent are relevant. Studies on the development of a drug coating based on polyvinylpyrrolidone with the addition of acetylsalicylic acid have been carried out. This coating was applied to the surface of the medical stent analog by electrochemical deposition. The obtained drug coating was evaluated. Corrosion tests of the investigated samples with the applied coating were carried out by polarization resistance method. The dependence of corrosion resistance of the material on the concentration of acetylsalicylic acid in the composition of the drug coating was revealed.
Development of an Algorithm for Data Transmission Over a Communication Channel in the Matlab Program Environment
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Gomazkova Lyudmila , Kerentseva Nina ,   Volgograd State University, Semenov Evgeniy ,   Volgograd State University
Published: February 2024

In order to avoid interference both between symbols and between subcarriers, the use of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is common in communication systems, so the article investigates data transmission over a communication channel using orthogonal frequency multiplexing (OFDM) technology. The features of the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing technology are considered in this work. Also, the algorithm for the process of data transmission over a communication channel has been developed. The development of the software algorithm was carried out using the Matlab programming environment, since Matlab provides for a large number of different mathematical operations, which makes it possible not to write the detailed code of these operations, thereby allowing to highlight the main physical processes in the algorithm, which simplifies its development. And finally, the assessment of the accuracy of the data transmitted using the developed algorithm was carried out because the final stage of the developed algorithm is the image matrix forming from the binary data stream obtained after the demodulation and the results displaying, which are the restored and original images, the signal constellation graph and the BER parameter. In conclusion, a graph of the dependence of the BER parameter on the value of SNR is given.
Effect of the p-Estrogen Receptor at Serine on Its Function and Breast Growth
Authors: Liang Yuan , Qin Junhui , Ma Tiancheng , Yang Tong , Ke Zhenyu , Wang Ruian
Published: February 2024

Background: Estrogen receptor (ER) signaling plays an important role in the development and functional differentiation of the breast and participates in the process of breast cancer. Activated ER can affect various aspects of the cell's behavior, including proliferation, via modulating the expression of many downstream target genes. Phosphorylation is one of the activation pathways of ER. However, the relationship between estrogen receptor phosphorylation sites and breast development and carcinogenesis is not clear.

Methods: Using Crisper-Cas9 gene editing technology, we constructed ER S309A mutant mice. Using carmine staining of the mammary gland of mice at different developmental stages, we examined the breast development of ER S309A mice. Using hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining of vaginal smears of mice at the same time for 5 consecutive days, we measured the vaginal epithelial keratinocytes.

Results: We established ER S309A mutant mice and observed breast defects in ER S309A mice. In addition, we observed decreased reproductive ability, and estrous cycle disorder in ER S309A mice. The number of vaginal epithelial keratino-cytes in the estrous cycle of ER S309A mice was decreased.

Conclusion: These results suggest that the phosphorylation site of ER at Serine 309 is important for ER function and breast development.
Study of Secondary and Higher Secondary School Syllabi in India to Develop Engineering Thinking
Authors:   Centre for Engineering Education Research, KLE Technological University, Vidyanagar, Hubli 580031, India, Baligar Preethi , Kittur Javeed ,   The University of Oklahoma, Norman 73069, USA, Joshi Gopalkrishna ,   Centre for Engineering Education Research, KLE Technological University, Vidyanagar, Hubli 580031, India, Sohoni Sohum ,   Milwaukee School of Engineering, WI 53202, USA
Published: February 2024

Abstract: In this article, the authors explore and understand what constitutes engineering thinking and whether secondary and higher secondary school curricula in India empower students to make an informed decision regarding engineering as a career choice. To analyse the elements of engineering thinking, the principles of K12 level engineering by t he Na t io nal Aca demy of E nginee ri ng a nd Engineering Habits of Mind (EHoM) by the Royal Academy of Engineering are referred to. The syllabi of the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) and four Indian states (Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka) are studied, which reveal that CBSE includes only one element of EHoM (creative problem-solving) in higher secondary grade curriculum. The syllabi of four Indian states revealed that the principles identified by the National Academy of Engineering (NAE) are missing in both grades. As an exception, the syllabus of Maharashtra has a creative problem-solving element in class-12 of higher secondary grades. The authors believe that introducing engineering thinking in schools will empower students to choose engineering as a career. Keywords: Engineering habits of mind, Engineering thinking, Indian school curriculum, STEM, secondary and higher secondary school
Challenges and Opportunities in Online Computer Science & Engineering Education: A Study in Velammal College of Engineering & Technology, Madurai
Authors:   Velammal College of Engineering & Technology, Madurai, India., Alli Dr. P. , Bojiah Dr. Janaki ,   Velammal College of Engineering & Technology, Madurai, India., Lakshmi Mrs. C. B. Selva ,   Velammal College of Engineering & Technology, Madurai, India., Sheela Mrs. K. Santha ,   Velammal College of Engineering & Technology, Madurai, India.
Published: February 2024

Abstract: Owing to the entry of COVID-19, starting from the year 2000, India managed online education well for more than a year and a half. Now, the question is to understand whether the online mode of education is as effective as the face-to-face classes. This study intends to focus on identifying the challenges and finding the opportunities to enhance the quality of online engineering education with respect to Computer Science and Engineering (CSE) branch. A survey was conducted using a questionnaire involving the chosen 2nd year, 3rd year, and 4th year students of CSE department, Velammal College of Engineering & Technology, Madurai (VCET), who have had the experience of acquiring knowledge through both offline and online modes. The spreadsheet software was used to filter, organize as well as visualize quantitative data, and descriptive methodology was adopted for the data analysis. The result of the study will lay a scope to understand the existing gaps in online CSE education and the proposed ideas to fill the same enhancing the resources. Further, this study may play a pivotal role in making effective online CSE education at par with face-to-face classes completely possible and preferable. Keywords: COVID-19; CSE; digital skills; online education; Velammal College of Engineering & Technology.
A Comprehensive Review on PBL and Digital PBL in Engineering Education - Status, Challenges and Future Prospects
Authors:   Department of Biotechnology Engg., Kolhapur Institute of Technology's College of Engineering(Autonomous), Kolhapur- 416234, Patnawar Sneha T.
Published: February 2024

Abstract: Problem-based learning (PBL) makes use of complex, real-world issues as the subject matter, and encourages students to develop problem-solving skills and learn concepts instead of just absorbing facts. The emergence of the concept of PBL in the digital learning context has received massive recognition and has thus, triggered debate among several scholars. Therefore as a prelude to analysis, the present study attempts to review the existing literature on PBL, particularly in the context of digital learning with respect to engineering education. It further attempts to discuss the ways for PBL implementation, its related challenges and future prospects, especially in the digital setting. The study adopted a systematic literature review wherein it selected relevant studies, articles and papers that broadly discussed the significance of the topics and evaluated information and data from the period starting from 2012 through 2021. A comprehensive review of the literature revealed that since digital PBL includes diverse and multipledigital technology applications as part of traditional PBL it is more effective than the traditional form of learning and it is most widely used in engineering education as the aim of engineering education is to generate such students who are practically equipped with technical knowledge and considerably prepared with professional engineering skills. However, there exists a paucity of research on digital PBL which needs further analysis. Keywords: engineering education, problem-based learning, digital PBL, e-learning, online PBL, PBL implementation
Performance Appraisal Practices in Indian HEI –A Critical Analysis
Authors:   DES - Institute of Management Development and Research, Pune, India,, Khurjekar Dr Sonali , Kaur Dr Ranpreet ,   Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Institute of Management and Entrepreneurship Development, Pune, India,
Published: February 2024

Abstract: With a large student population, the number of Higher Education Institutes (HEI) in India is growing manifold. When it comes to the number of HEI, India stands third in the world next to China and the U.S. (Rekha N, 2016). However, even after 75 years of independence, only four Indian B Schools occupy a place in the top 100 globally (Nanda, 2021). Though the number of management institutes and the student intake therein is increasing, the number of international students in these B Schools is declining. Whereas the scenario is contrary to what we observe about the population of international students studying in top global institutes outside India. Compared to other countries, India has the biggest advantage of the best return on investment and lowest fees for MBA programs. Despite this, why do Indian B schools lack a global profile? It is time for us to introspect the quality of our educational institutes and the programs offered by them. Existing studies and literature suggest that there are many factors responsible for it but this paper explicitly attempts to understand the critical issues hitting the Indian B schools -mainly the failure to attract and retain goodquality faculty members. Though there are several reasons, the focus of the research work is on the performance appraisal practices followed in HEI specifically in private management institutes in Pune, India, and its outcome It is found in the research outcome that though the private institutions consider the parameters of performance appraisal as mentioned by regulatory authorities, it is not directly linked with promotions, increments or financial incentives. There is no concrete positive outcome of performance appraisal; it is done for compliance purposes only. In the end, the researchers propose suggestions that may benefit all the stakeholders and help the Indian B Schools to acquire a global profile. Keywords : Higher Education Institutes; B School; Performance Appraisal; Faculty member; MBA; Students.
Love of Creation: Exploring Diversity and Commonality among Religious and Philosophical Traditions
Authors: Lomas Tim , Case Brendan W. , Lee Matthew T. , Basu Jayanti , Bear Lindsie , Cowden Richard G. , Greenberg Yudit Kornberg , Rashid Tayyab , VanderWeele Tyler J.
Published: February 2024

Love is widely recognized as one of the most important, desired, and consequential aspects of the human condition, and thus has rightly been the focus of much academic attention. However, this interest has tended to concentrate on specific forms of love—especially romantic and familial forms—to the exclusion of others. One such overlooked form is love of “creation”—of the world and the wider cosmos in which human beings find themselves. Throughout history and across cultures, this kind of love has been developed and articulated by religious and philosophical traditions in diverse ways. This article showcases a selection of ten such traditions, generally through the prism of one particularly important figure within each tradition, including Hinduism, Judaism, Zen Buddhism, Manichaeism, Christianity, Islam, Maasai thought, Cherokee thought, Romanticism, and secular reverence. Through these lenses, the diverse ways love of creation has been expressed can be appreciated. In the conclusion, we also try to find some common ground among these traditions by constructing a provisional set of items for a love of creation measure that would be applicable across traditions.
RESURRECTING RIVERINE IDENTITY Civic symbolism, ghostly traces and waterway restoration in 21st century Łódź (Poland)
Authors: Hayward Philip , Fiziak Tomasz , Fleury Christian
Published: February 2024

Rivers have been attractive sites for human settlement since time immemorial, offering access to freshwater and biological resources (such as fish, waterfowl, and riverine vegetation). During the IndustrialRevolution, waterways played an important role in the development of metropolitan centres, providingtransport routes for incoming materials and outgoing products, water for various manufacturing purposes,and serving as effluent disposal channels. In some cases, industrialisation led to rivers being variouslypaved over and/or directed into underground channels. In the developed world, in particular, the declinein established heavy industries over the last 50–75 years has resulted in areas around many formerindustrial sites being reimagined and repurposed as residential and/or public spaces. In these contexts,previously neglected waterways have become assets that can be developed for civic and/or commercialpurposes. This article examines a largely overlooked aspect of this: the ways in which the obscuredriverine identities of metropolitan areas have been retained and deployed in aspects of civic symbolismand/or place-naming. These practices may evoke what might be considered ghostly. It also considershow such traces have aided in the rediscovery of obscured waterways and, thereby, in the potential toexcavate and restore them. We explore these aspects with regard to the Polish city of Łódź and themanner in which its recent history provides insight into the potential to resurrect riverine identity andwaterside spaces. The article considers the historic importance of rivers in the development of Łódź;the factors underlying their burial and (in some contexts) near erasure; the relevance of the city’s nameand related public symbolism; and contemporary attempts to restore elements of the city’s waterways asnature reserves and public amenities. 
NATIONAL HERO AS A CULTURAL SIGNIFIER (on the example of translation from Kyrgyz into English the poem "Kyz Dariyka") Abstract
Authors:   International University named after K.Sh.Toktomamatov, Zhaparova Gulnarida
Published: February 2024

This article deals with the issues linguistic culture of the Kyrgyz folk poem "Kyz Dariyka" in the retelling of Kadyrkul Alimanov. The article reflects the specifics of the translation of the epic genre from Kyrgyz art to English. It also shows the perspectiveness of studying Hero's image as an ethical and axiological standard, indicator of cultural level of social development. The article shows that representations of the Hero are transformed under the influence of different factors, but at the same time they always act as a sense bearing meaning, i.e. as a marker of cultural level of social development in a particular historical context. The applied aspect of the problem under study can be implemented in programs of moral and ethical development and personal self-determination, formation of its harmonious identity, socio-psychological and cultural competence.
DEFINITION OF TEXT SELECTION CRITERIA
Authors:   Osh State University, Karazakova Zuvayda , Alisherova Elmira ,   Osh State University
Published: February 2024

It is known that in modern educational requirements, teaching the Kyrgyz language requires teaching the grammar of the language as a means of speech. It was necessary to identify the educational, communicative and developmental functions of the text and analyze the didactic requirements for the use of the text, taking into account the views of scientists, who noted that dialogue occurs only through texts. As you know, the goal of the lesson can be achieved if the teacher chooses the correct text and effectively and efficiently implements it. Therefore, the teacher must clearly define the purpose, function and role of the text. This opinion is confirmed by the conclusion of Zh. Chimanov: “Working with the text is not the subject of solving any linguistic and theoretical problems, the definition of any feature, the text is, first of all, the student's understanding by hearing, he must be a friend of the student who develops his letter, which is constantly working and constantly appeals if necessary. The article examines the need to choose a text used as a means of teaching the Kyrgyz language as a second language in higher education, its significance, role and function in teaching, as well as the views of scientists on this issue. As a result of the study, selection criteria and content refinement were determined.
MULTIVARIANCE OF LYRICAL SONGS OF AALY TOKOMBAEV
Authors:   yrgyz National University named after J. Balasagyn, Satybekov Mukhtar
Published: February 2024

The article describes the creative laboratory of the writer, which is one of the main problems of modern literary criticism, its theoretical and methodological aspects. First, a brief excursus on the scientific sources in which the problem of creative laboratory of the writer is investigated. And then this the problem, which is important from a scientific point of view, is revealed with the help of comparative analyses of several poems, which are the classic of Kyrgyz literature, the great poet Aaly Tokombaev's works. These analyses indicate specific features of creative writer's laboratory, a new level of the first option poems', which, by the year, reworked by the author again. Passed through the creative laboratory of the poet.
HISTORY OF STUDYING WORDS OF THE SAME NAME IN THE KYRGYZ LANGUAGE
Authors:   Kyrgyz National University named after J. Balasagyn, Soltonov Aktilek
Published: February 2024

The article examines the views and scientific work of scientists. Questions wera raised about the history of the origin of homonyms, the various ways of their formation and their connection with polysemous words. A study was caried out of these words, their differences from other words, their influence on our language and their type. In order to reveal the nature of the need for comparative historical analysis in the study of homonyms, we tried to give information about the development of the growth of meanings, the precise delineation of meanings and the peculiarities of their use. In our small work, we compared the scientific and theoretical works of scientists, articles and dissertations, analyzed the problems they raised, analyzed them with facts and materials and showed the specifics of each of them.
KYRGYZ HISTORIANS OF THE EARLY XX CENTURY AND THEIR CONTRIBUTION TO EDUCATION
Authors:   Kyrgyz National University named after J. Balasagyn, Dzhumagulova Akylai , Uzbekova Cholpon ,   Kyrgyz State University named after I. Arabaev
Published: February 2024

This article briefly discusses questions about the life and creative path of Osmonaala Sydyk uulu and Belek Soltonoev, the first Kyrgyz historians of the second half of the 19th - early 20th centuries. Information is also given about the works of Osmonaaly Sydyk uulu, where the Kyrgyz sanzhyra was for the first time as a written source. The epoch and education received by the historians under consideration in accordance with the possibilities of their time are described. Their contribution to the study of history, folklore, culture, traditions and tribal relations of the Kyrgyz people is considered. They also studied their contribution to the process of enlightening the Kyrgyz of that time.
Ethnic Variation in the Most Common Shade of Anterior Teeth among Malaysian Students: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors:   Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka, India., Gupta Ravi , Saluja Ishani ,   Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka, India.
Published: February 2024

Aim: Determination of the most common shade of anterior teeth in Malaysian students of different ethnicities. Materials and Methods: A total of 120 subjects, 40 each from different ethnicities (Malay, Chinese, and Indian) aged 18-22 years were evaluated for tooth shade using the VITA Classical shade guide. The subject was asked to sit in an up-right position with teeth at the clinician’s eye level and the subject was instructed to remove makeup or tinted eyewear which may affect the result. The procedure was done in natural daylight. The shade tabs were positioned adjacent to the maxillary central incisor and the middle 1/3rd of the facial surface was assessed by experts to determine the correct tooth shade. The data was statistically analysed. Results: The differences in tooth shade were seen among the subjects of different ethnicities. The Malay ethnicity has B1 (37%) as the most common tooth shade whereas Chinese has C1 (27%) and Indian C1 (40%). Conclusions: Under the limitation of the study, it was found that there is a relationship between tooth color and ethnic background. Malay students tend to have brighter teeth as compared to Chinese and Indian students. Keywords: Tooth; Incisor; Color; Colorimetry; Ethnicity; Malaysia.
Department of Public Health Dentistry, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune, India.
Authors:   Faculty of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo. Trujillo – Peru., Guillén-Galarza Manuel , Jiménez-Prado César ,   Faculty of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo. Trujillo – Peru., Guardia-Méndez Gustavo ,   Faculty of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo. Trujillo – Peru., Arbildo-Vega Heber ,   Faculty of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidad San Martín de Porres. Chiclayo - Peru.,   Faculty of Human Medicine, School of Human Medicine, Universidad San Martín de Porres. Chiclayo - Peru.,   Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Stomatology, Universidad Alas Peruanas. Lima – Peru.
Published: February 2024

Aim: To determine the prevalence of lesions in the oral mucosa in a Peruvian population. Materials and Methods: The sample consisted of 139 patients treated at the Moche Stomatology Clinic - Faculty of Stomatology of the National University of Trujillo, during the year 2019. A total of 139 excisional biopsies were performed and the diagnosis of the diseases or injuries was determined by histopathological studies. Results: The prevalence of benign lesions comprised 99.28% of all diagnoses, while only 0.72% were malignant lesions. Conclusions: Fibrous hyperplasia is the most prevalent lesion in the buccal mucosa and its most frequent location was the labial mucosa, followed by the dorsum of the tongue and the buccal mucosa. Keywords: Epidemiology; Mouth mucosa; Pathology, oral; Mouth diseases; Hyperplasia; Prevalence.
“Voices from the Classroom, the Desk and the Dental Chair”: Qualitative Evaluation of the Intersectoral Oral Health Program ‘Sowing Smiles’ in the Bío Bío Region, Chile
Authors:   Departamento de Prevención y Salud Pública, Facultad Odontología, Universidad de Concepción, Chile., Flores-Cartes Raúl , Araya-Vallespir Carlos ,   Departamento de Prevención y Salud Pública, Facultad Odontología, Universidad de Concepción, Chile., Henríquez-Tejo Rocío ,   Departamento de Prevención y Salud Pública, Facultad Odontología, Universidad de Concepción, Chile., Vera-Calzzaretta Aldo ,   Departamento de Kinesiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Atacama. Copiapó, Chile.
Published: February 2024

Aim: The Chilean national program “Sembrando sonrisas” is an intersectoral work strategy that aims to maintain and improve the oral health of preschool children, fostering the promotion and prevention of oral health. The aim of this research was to explore the perceptions of the relevant actors regarding the implementation of the aforementioned program, identifying critical nodes and opportunities for improvement. Materials and Methods: Qualitative approach based on the “Grounded Theory” applied to 13 in-depth interviews of intersectoral health and education professionals from the Bío-Bío Region, Chile. Results: The following categories emerged related to intersectoral work with emphasis on Governance, Conditions for implementation, and Program management. Conclusions: It was shown that, despite the different per-ceptions of the participants, the success of the “Sembrando sonrisas” program is thought to be associated with the emotional-affective component that is present in all the stages of the implementation process. This component has not yet been sufficiently addressed by decision makers. Keywords: Oral health; Health policy; Intersectoral colla-boration; Oral health education; Health promotion; Grounded theory.
Modern Trends and Prospects for the Development of Criminalistics Doctrine on the Personality of Participants in Criminal Proceedings
Authors: Foygel Elena
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to the criminalistics research of the personality of participants in criminal proceedings as a particular criminalistics theory. The stages of formation are analyzed, expediency, scientific viability and practical significance are substantiated. The author›s own point of view on the correlation of the scientific categories “criminalistics doctrine”, “criminalistics theory” is expressed, the names and essence of the foundations of criminalistics research of personality developed in science are analyzed. It has been established that its specificity lies in the subjects, goals and objectives of the study. Unlike criminological, criminal law and criminal procedural study of personality, criminalistics research is aimed at identifying personal properties, signs and conditions that characterize the subjects of criminal proceedings, expressed in the process of carrying out activities related to the commission of a crime, to address issues of identification and diagnostic nature. The results obtained are used to build criminalistics models of a crime, to put forward a sufficient number of substantiated criminalistics versions, as well as to develop techniques and combinations of tactical influence. The main trends in horizontal and vertical development of the criminalistics theory of personality are outlined. It is noted that the horizontal development of particular theory involves a criminalistics study of various categories of participants in criminal proceedings, traditionally limited to the off ender and the victim. It is indicated that the vertical direction of development of the criminalistics study of personality is aimed at the study of individual features, substructures and personality characteristics, among which at present the most popular are the study of the digital image and digital behavior, as well as the ethnic characteristics of the personality of participants in criminal proceedings. It is concluded that it is necessary to develop a criminalistics doctrine about the personality of participants in criminal proceedings and the implementation of its results in practical activities to identify, investigate, disclose and prevent crimes.
Transition to Mastering of Intensive Model of Forest Use and Reproduction
Authors: Rusetskaya Genrietta , Sanina Liudmila
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to the directions of the implementation of the modern state forest policy of preserving and improving the quality of the country's forest fund, increasing economic efficiency in the use and reproduction of forests, including through reasonable adaptation to regional conditions while preserving biodiversity and other social and environmentally significant functions of forests. The analysis of the modern extensive model of use and reproduction of forests in Russia, the Irkutsk region and a number of forestries was carried out. The main conditions hindering the intensive development of forestry are identified. The choice of the Irkutsk region as a region for the implementation of a pilot project for testing an intensive model for the use and reproduction of forests is substantiated. It has been proved that, in the initial state, the tasks of approbation of the intensive model of the group of forestries of the Bratsk and Sayan zones, Irkutsk region most adequately respond to the tasks. An assessment of the conditions for the practical development of the intensification model in forests is given, as well as of the project role in improving the normative acts regulating forest management, the possibility of expanding the transition to an intensive model of forest development in other zones.
Examining the framing of mental health in Division I student-athlete handbooks
Authors: Cassilo David , Sanderson Jimmy
Published: February 2024

This study examined college athlete handbooks at 50 Division I institutions to understand how language focused on mental health was framed. Mental health is an important area of focus on college campuses, particularly for athletes due to increased demands as well as stigmas related to reporting. The researchers performed a framing analysis of college athlete handbooks during the 2020-21 academic year, focusing on all references to mental health, while also examining in detail specific sections devoted to mental health resources. The findings indicated that those specific sections provided supportive resources for college athletes, potentially eroding stigma surrounding the issue. However, some policies did connect support to athletic performance, thus diminishing the individual in the process. Additionally, a lack of reference to diversity and inclusivity may create barriers to mental health support. This research can provide a great resource for athletic departments focused on developing communication strategies to support athlete mental health.