bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Knowledge Sharing Towards Higher Education Performance in Research Productivity
Authors: Aulawi Hilmi
Published: March 2021

Research productivity constitutes a key factor in maintaining the sustainability of higher education management. This study aims to identify the impact of knowledge sharing on research productivity in higher education. This research is a mixed-methods study with a sequential explanatory case study design. Quantitative analysis of questionnaires was initially performed by using linear regression. The participants included 35 lecturers working for a private university in Indonesia. The following stage involved further verifying the questionnaire results by means of quantitative analysis of interview data, documents, and focus group discussion (FGD). Results substantiated that knowledge sharing positively and significantly influenced the university's research productivity. In addition, it was revealed that existing expert groups, knowledge-sharing agenda, collaborative research, facility support, funds, partnership with external institutions and human resources development program contributed to the enhancement of lecturers' ability to generate ideas and engage in research endeavors.
Bending Strength of Magnesium Oxide Board
Authors: Chai Teck Jung , Siang Tan Cher , Kwong Tang Hing , Boon Koh Heng
Published: March 2021

Magnesium Oxide (MgO) board has been widely used in prefabricated lightweight steelframe wall systems and as the floor board covering component. It is a non-insulating sheathingboard product which consists of sustainable materials with the characteristics of fire resistance,weather-ability, strength, resistance to mold and mildew. Although MgO board has recentlyworldwide used in façade construction but the research data related to the laboratory work such asthe bending strength is still limited. The previous studies on the bending strength of MgO board arebased on various standards such as ASTM, JC688 and British Standard subjected to the productscharacteristics and patterns. Therefore, the bending strength values obtained were inconsistent andnot convincing. Thus, this paper aims to examine the bending strength of MgO board with threedifference thicknesses (6mm, 9 mm and 12 mm) based on BS EN 310:1993 subjected to threepoints bending test. The failure modes during three points bending test was observed and theexperimental results obtained were compared with the theoretical values and others relevantstandards. A total of thirty six specimens with twelve specimens for each thickness in two groupdirections namely longitudinal (length) and transverse (width) direction were tested. The specimenswere prepared based on BS EN 326-1:1994 and BS EN 325:2012. The maximum flexure load of thespecimens was recorded and arithmetic mean bending strength for each thickness was presented.The experimental results showed the tested MgO board was not achieved minimum bendingstrength for load bearing used. It is recommended to be used in non-load bearing façade claddingconstruction.
Performance of Bamboo Fiber Reinforced Composites: Mechanical Properties
Authors: Bakar Norliana , Chin Siew Choo
Published: March 2021

Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) made from synthetic fiber had been widely used for strengthening of reinforced concrete (RC) structures in the past decades. Due to its high cost, detrimental to the environment and human health, natural fiber composites becoming the current alternatives towards a green and environmental friendly material. This paper presents an investigation on the mechanical properties of bamboo fiber reinforced composite (BFRC) with different types of resins. The BFRC specimens were prepared by hand lay-up method using epoxy and vinyl-ester resins. Bamboo fiber volume fractions, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45% and 50% was experimentally investigated by conducting tensile and flexural test, respectively. Results showed that the tensile and flexural strength of bamboo fiber reinforced epoxy composite (BFREC) was 63.2% greater than the bamboo fiber reinforced vinyl-ester composite (BFRVC). It was found that 45% of bamboo fiber volume fraction on BFREC exhibited the highest tensile strength compared to other BFRECs. Meanwhile, 40% bamboo fiber volume fraction of BFRVC showed the highest tensile strength between bamboo fiber volume fractions for BFRC using vinyl-ester resin. Studies showed that epoxy-based BFRC exhibited excellent results compared to the vinyl-ester-based composite. Further studies are required on using BFRC epoxy-based composite in various structural applications and strengthening purposes.
Recent Progress on the Positron Annihilation Experiments on Irradiated Ferritic/Martensitic Steels Containing Helium
Authors: Krsjak Vladimir
Published: March 2021

The well-known and often acceptable radiation tolerance of ferritic/martensitic (f/m) steels can be severely diminished when neutron irradiation is accompanied by the production of helium. The presence of helium in the irradiated materials changes the kinetics of the nucleation, recombination, and clustering of the radiation-induced defects. High production rates of helium may lead to a non-negligible volumetric bubble swelling at relatively low temperatures. Extrapolation of the knowledge gained from neutron irradiation experiments to fusion or spallation environments is additionally complicated due to the unknown and comprehensive effects of dpa rate, temperature, the presence of sinks in the crystal lattice and others. To improve the understanding of the microstructure and irradiation parameters effects, close attention must be paid to the early stages of the radiation damage. It is expected that the pre-existing vacancy-type defects, attributed to lattice distortion at the grain/subgrain boundaries and oxide-matrix interfaces, are effective sinks for primary defects and helium, i.e. they control the formation and growth of helium-vacancy agglomerations. This early-stage radiation damage, however, cannot be captured by conventional transmission electron microscopy, and thus other experimental techniques are called for. One of the most perspective experimental approaches to investigate small vacancy-type defects, with a high sensitivity to confined helium, is to utilize positron annihilation spectroscopy (PAS). In particular, two spectroscopy techniques, positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) and Doppler broadening spectroscopy (DBS) of the annihilation line, can be beneficially used for the characterization of helium-vacancy clusters. This paper reviews the recent positron annihilation spectroscopy characterization of various irradiation experiments involving helium. Mainly two types of irradiation experiments are addressed, helium implantation and spallation neutron source irradiation experiments. Discussion is aimed at the potential of PAS in the early-stage formation of helium bubbles and the investigation of the effects of irradiation parameters in defect production and accumulation.
New Design of High Power Mercury Target Vessel of J-PARC
Authors: Wakui Takashi , Wakai Eiichi , Kogawa Hiroyuki , Naoe Takashi , Hanano Kohei , Haga Katsuhiro , Shimada Tsubasa , Kanomata Kenichi
Published: March 2021

A mercury target vessel for the spallation neutron source at the J-PARC, which the mercury vessel was covered with the water shroud, was improved to realize the operation at the high beam power in two steps. In the first step to realize the stable operation at 500 kW, the basic structure of the initial design was followed and the connection method between the mercury vessel and the water shroud was changed to prevent the failure from the connection. The service operation at the beam power of 500 kW was realized in the about eight months. In the second step to realize the stable operation at 1 MW, the new structure which only rear ends of vessels were connected was investigated. The new structure which has the cooling of the mercury vessel to reduce thermal stress and the thick internal and external vessels of the water shroud to increase the stiffness for the internal pressure was adopted. The stresses in each vessel were lower than the allowable stress based on the elastic design criteria and it was confirmed that the operation with a beam power of 1 MW could be conducted.
Measurements of Displacement Cross Section of Tungsten under 389-MeV Proton Irradiation and Thermal Damage Recovery
Authors: Iwamoto Yosuke , Yoshida Makoto , Matsuda Hiroki , Meigo Shin Ichiro , Satoh Daiki , Yashima Hiroshi , Yabuuchi Atsushi , Shima Tatsushi
Published: March 2021

For validating the number of displacements per atom (dpa) for tungsten under high-energy proton irradiation, we measured displacement cross sections related to defect-induced electrical resistivity changes in a tungsten wire sample under irradiation with 389-MeV protons under 10 K. The Gifford–McMahon cryocooler was used to cool the sample using a conductive coolant via thermal conduction plates of oxygen-free high-conductivity copper and electrical insulation sheets of aluminum nitride ceramic. In this experiment, the displacement cross section was 1612 ± 371 b for tungsten at 389 MeV. A comparison of the experimental displacement cross sections of tungsten with the calculated results obtained using Norgett–Robinson–Torrens (NRT) dpa and athermal recombination-corrected (arc) dpa cross sections indicates that arc-dpa was in better agreement with the experimental data than NRT-dpa; this is similar to the displacement cross sections of copper. From the measurements of damage recovery of the accumulated defects in tungsten through isochronal annealing, which is related to the defect concentration of the sample, approximately 20% of the damage was recovered at 60 K. This trend was similar to those observed in other experimental results for reactor neutrons.
Investigation on the Stress Relaxation Aging Behavior of 2195 Al-Li Alloy
Authors: Liao Hai Long , Zhan Li Hua , Gao Yuan , Chen Xue Ying , Huang Ming Hui
Published: March 2021

2195 Al-Li alloy is famous for high strength, excellent fatigue strength and good stress corrosion resistance, which is widely used in the manufacture of high-performance aerospace components. The aim of this study is to validate how the stress relaxation aging behavior effect on the mechanical properties of 2195 Al-Li alloy. Through mechanical property test, the research was found that the performance after stress relaxation aging is higher than artificial aging (AA). In addition, the analysis of scanning electron microscopy SEM and TEM revealed that dislocations should be introduced by the stress relaxation aging process, which is more conducive to the precipitation of the T1 phase and strengthened the material with prolong ageing time. The results show that stress relaxation aging can significantly promote the precipitation of the T1. Therefore, this paper sheds new light on how SRA can improve mechanical properties and that SRA make better improve the distribution of precipitates in the grain boundary.
Surface Observation of Induction-Heated 13Cr-2Ni-2Mo Stainless Steel after Interrupted Fatigue Testing under Rolling Contact Stress in Water
Authors: Mizobe Koshiro , Matsueda Takahiro , Shinohara Gakuto , Shibukawa Takuya , Kida Katsuyuki
Published: March 2021

In order to investigate the wear behavior of induction-heated 13Cr-2Ni-2Mo stainless steel, we performed the rolling contact fatigue (RCF) tests in water. We interrupted the RCF test at each 1.0×105 cycles and measure the wear loss and observed the contact surface. After the RCF tests, we found the oxygen concentration area in the contact area.
Rates of Bleeding, Thrombosis, and Survival in Patients who Underwent Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alqahtani Sultan , Alragea Ahmed , Alqahtani Basil , Alhoshan Nawaf , Aljasser Ibrahim , Alobaied Abdulaziz , Alassiri Mohammed , Masuadi Emad , Alzahrani Mohsen
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND:

Bleeding tendency and thrombosis are two major hematological complications observed in patients after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Although these complications are well reported in western communities, they are not well established in Saudi Arabia.

OBJECTIVES:

This retrospective study investigated the rates of bleeding, thrombosis, and survival in Saudi and non-Saudi patients who underwent HCT at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from 2010 to 2017.

METHODS AND MATERIALS:

A total of 372 Saudi and non-Saudi patients of both sexes with leukemia, anemia disorders, lymphoma, and other types of pathological disorders who underwent autologous or allogeneic HCT were included in this study. Patient data including age, sex, nationality, type of cancer, transplant type, coagulation profile, date of operation and discharge, treatment, and other outpatient notes were collected and analyzed using the Chi-square test.

RESULTS:

The majority of our patients undergoing allogeneic transplantation had leukemia and other types of anemia disorders including aplastic anemia, sickle cell anemia, and β-thalassemia (79%). However, the majority of patients undergoing autologous transplantation (73.4%) had lymphoma and other types of pathological disorders, including liver cell carcinoma, nephroblastoma, neuroblastoma, myelodysplastic syndromes, and primitive neuroectodermal tumors. Among patients with leukemia, anemia disorders, lymphoma, and other pathological disorders, 2.2%, 1.4%, 1.4%, and 2.8% suffered from thrombosis (overall, 1.9%) and 9.5%, 8.6%, 5.6%, and 11.2% suffered from bleeding, respectively (overall 8.9%). Moreover, the 7-year survival rate among those patients was 82.5%.

CONCLUSION:

Bleeding occurred at a higher rate after HCT, and the overall 7-year survival rate was relatively high.
Osteoblasts to the Rescue – A Rare Case of Secondary Myelofibrosis
Authors: Gunaseelan Lawanya , Thomas Eliz , Kumar Prasanna N. , Menon Sujaya
Published: March 2021

A 36-year-old female patient presented with joint pain, generalized weakness, and bleeding gums. There was no significant history of other illnesses or intake of drugs. Examination revealed pallor and splenomegaly. Peripheral smear examination showed pancytopenia. A large number of osteoblasts and a few scattered osteoclasts were seen in the bone marrow aspirate. The trephine biopsy revealed marrow fibrosis. A suggestion to investigate for hyperparathyroidism was made. Serum calcium, ionized calcium, and PTH were increased. 99m Tc-Sestamibi scan was done and adenoma was detected in the right inferior parathyroid and subsequently excised. Postsurgery, hematological parameters and bone markers improved. Follow-up bone marrow biopsy revealed hypercellular marrow with marked regression of fibrosis. Splenomegaly was reversed. We concluded that pancytopenia was due to bone marrow fibrosis, resulting from primary hyperparathyroidism. It is important to consider secondary causes of myelofibrosis in the appropriate clinical setting.
Study of Coagulation Profile in Patients Admitted to a Trauma Center in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Kulkarni Kalpana Ketan , Bhandari Anup Pravin , Rathod Pallavi
Published: March 2021

CONTEXT:

Globally, trauma is the leading cause of death in young adult population, with approximately accounting for 10% of all deaths. Trauma-induced coagulopathy (TIC) is an independent predictor of morbidity and mortality.

AIMS:

The aim of the study was to find the prevalence of abnormal test results of coagulation on admission to a trauma center and correlate them with mortality.

SETTINGS AND DESIGN:

This was a cross-sectional observational study conducted on patients admitted to a trauma center of a tertiary care hospital.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS:

A total of 149 patients with an Injury Severity Score >15 were included in the study. Blood samples of the patients were collected within 24 h of trauma and 2 h of admission and tested for platelet (PLT) count, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and fibrinogen (FIB) level. The patients were stratified into two groups – presence/absence of TIC and followed for 2 weeks for mortality.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED:

Data analysis was done using Microsoft Excel and statistics software SPSS 20 version.

RESULTS:

Among the 149 patients, 84 had TIC, out of which 71.43% of the patients showed mortality. Of the remaining patients who had no TIC, 35.38% reported mortality. If all the four parameters, that is, PT, APTT, FIB, and PLTs, were considered together, then the percentage of mortality increased to 89.47%. If PT and APTT were studied together, then the percentage of mortality increased to 85.71%. If PT, APTT, and FIB were studied together, the mortality was 84.62%, whereas for parameters PT, APTT, and PLTs together, the mortality was 80%.

CONCLUSIONS:

Coagulopathy is a strong predictor of mortality in major trauma patients. Basic coagulation tests appear to be sensitive tools for identifying patients at high risk of early death and can be used for early minute diagnosis of TIC. Patients with TIC should be managed aggressively to prevent mortality.
Internet Addiction among Youth
Authors: Dash Payal , Kumar Gunjan , Suresan Vinay , Ghosal Shishirendu
Published: March 2021

Playing digital games or spending most of the time online has become a common leisure activity for both adolescents and the youth in the today's era. The Internet has helped a large number of people by providing them with unlimited knowledge and entertainment. However, it has also made them addicted toward it. And most importantly, there has been an incredible rise in the usage of Internet in India in the recent years which has negatively affected the mental well-being and the sleep quality of its users. This review describes briefly the prevalence of Internet use among youth and its aspect during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Presentation and management of postcircumcision meatal stenosis at Hawari Center, Benghazi, Libya: A clinical review of 86 cases
Authors: Elkhafifi Muftah
Published: March 2021

Background: Circumcision is a commonly practiced surgical procedure particularly in Islamic countries. As any other surgical procedure, it is attended by some complications of either early (e.g., bleeding) or late (e.g., meatal stenosis [MS]). Objectives: This study was designed to study the different clinical pictures, age at presentation, and management and outcome of postcircumcision MS. Patients and Methods: This is a retrospective study involving 86 children diagnosed with symptomatic MS and underwent meatotomy during the period from January 2010 to December 2018 at Hawari Center for Urology and Otolaryngology, Benghazi. The medical records of the patients reviewed included age at presentation, different clinical pictures, management, and outcomes. All patients were circumcised during the neonatal or infancy period. Results: Patients' age ranged between 3 and 13 years with a mean age of 5.14 years. More than three-quarters of the patients (84.8%) were between 3 and 8 years of age. Forty-six patients (53.4%) presented with pain (burning) during micturition; 17 patients (19.7%) with thin casting stream; 13 patients (15.11%) with thin dorsally deviated stream; five patients (5.8%) with sudden urge to micturiate; 3 (3.40%) patients with frequency of micturition; and only two patients (2.3%) with prolonged voiding time. All our patients operated by meatotomy as a day case procedure under general anesthesia, and there were no recurrences of MS symptoms in any case during the follow-up period. Conclusion: MS is a frequent late complication of neonatal circumcision; it should be excluded by careful meatal examination in any child who is circumcised particularly at the neonatal or nappy period and presented with abnormal micturition or even lower abdominal pain.
Botulinum Toxin Treatment of Temporomandibular Joint Pain in Patients with Bruxism
Authors: Kaya DI , Ataoğlu H
Published: March 2021

Background:

Bruxism is a parafunctional habit, usually performed in sleep, by rhythmic and involuntary teeth being squeezed or squeaked. The most common methods of treatment are the use of occlusal splints.

Aims:

The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of occlusal splinting with botulinum toxin administration in the treatment of TMJ pain.

Subjects and Methods:

For this purpose, 40 patients with bruxism were divided into two groups and one group was treated with occlusal splint and the other group received masseter muscle botulinum toxin injection. Then, the participants in both groups were evaluated in terms of pain, functional movement, and maximum bite force change at 2 weeks, 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months. Mann–Whitney U test was used to examine the differences between two independent groups. While Friedman test was used for differences between dependent groups, the Wilcoxon test was used for the differences between two repetitive measurements. Chi-square test was used to examine the relationship between categorical variables. Results: When pain was evaluated, both methods were effective in pain reduction, botulinum toxin injection was found to be less effective in reducing pain but no difference was found between the two methods. The maximum bite force decreased in the 2nd and 6th weeks and increased in the 3rd and 6th months in patients receiving botulinum toxin. In patients using occlusal splints, there was no change until the 3rd month and an increase was seen in the 6th month. In this study, it was observed that low dose BTX-A and occlusal splint use were effective in eliminating bruxism-related pain but not superior to each other.

Conclusions:

According to these results, low dose botulinum toxin can be considered as an alternative treatment in patients who cannot use occlusal splint for various reasons.
Vitamin D and Bone Mineral Status of Newborn-Maternal Pair Delivering at a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria
Authors: Elechi HA , Oduwole A , Idris HW , Faruk MB , Alhaji MA
Published: March 2021

Background:

Vitamin D plays a vital role in the maintenance of bone health. The fetuses and exclusively breastfed neonates depend on maternal vitamin D store to meet their need. Widespread vitamin D deficiency among pregnant women have been reported with adverse fetal outcome. Nigeria lacks guideline on Vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy and infancy due to the paucity of data. We thus determined serum vitamin D of delivering mothers and their offsprings and other indicators of bone mineral health.

Aims:

This study aimed to determine serum Vitamin D and other indicators of bone mineral health of delivering mothers and their offspring.

Material and Method:

A cross-sectional study of delivering mothers and their newborns recruited consecutively until the minimal sample size was reached. Relevant information was obtained on a questionnaire. Maternal and cord serum vitamin D, calcium, albumin, phosphate, and alkaline phosphatase were determined. Data management was done using SPSS version 16.0.

Results:

Of the 84 newborn-mother pairs studied, 17 (20.2%) of the mothers were Vitamin D deficient and 23 (27.4%) insufficient. Seven (8.3%) of the mothers were hypocalcaemic and 3 (3.6%) hypophosphataemic, while 19 (22.6%) had elevated alkaline phosphatase. Only 15 (17.9%) of the neonates were vitamin D insufficient and none of them was vitamin D deficient, hypocalcaemic, hypophosphataemic nor had elevated alkaline phosphatase. There was strong positive correlation between cord and maternal blood vitamin D level (r = 0.740, P = < 0.001).

Conclusion:

Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency is high among pregnant women in Maiduguri while insufficiency is common among the neonates. We recommend vitamin D supplementation to pregnant women and newborns in Maiduguri.
Physical Therapy Enhances Functions and Quality of Life in Older Patients with Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema
Authors: Kostanoglu A , Tarakcı E
Published: March 2021

Background:

Lymphedema of the arm is one of the most common complications following breast cancer surgery.

Aims:

The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of complex decongestive physical therapy (CDPt) on upper extremity functions, activities of daily living (ADL), and quality of life (QoL), and secondly the effects of the degree of lymphedema on post-treatment differences in older patients with breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL).

Subjects and Methods:

Sixty-eight patients who had BCRL were included between 2015 and 2017. Arm function was evaluated with the Constant-Murley scale, while ADL was measured with the Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale, and QoL was measured with the Lymphedema Functioning, Disability and Health Questionnaire as pre- and post-treatment tests. The patients underwent a CDPt program for 6 weeks.

Results:

There were statistically significant improvements for all outcome measurements in older patients with Grade 1 and 2 lymphedemas after the treatment (P < 0.001). The Grade 1 patients had a greater difference at mobility, participation in the life and social activities, and their total scores of quality of life had a significance level of P < 0.001.

Conclusion:

Older patients with Grade 1 BCRL had better mobility, participation in the life, and social activities. CDPt provides enhancement of arm functions, ADL, and QoL in older patients with breast cancer-related lymphedema.
Urological Emergencies in a Nigerian Teaching Hospital
Authors: Okeke CJ , Obi AO , Odoemene CA , Ojewola RW , Afogu EN , Odo C , Ogbobe UU
Published: March 2021

Background:

Urological emergencies constitute a significant part of emergency presentations in various referral centers. Data on the prevalence of these emergencies in West African sub-region are sparse.

Objective:

The study is aimed at determining the pattern of urological emergencies in our center and is geared towards bridging the gap in knowledge of the epidemiology of urological emergencies in this sub-region as a means of achieving efficient use of scarce resources.

Subjects and Methods:

It was a retrospective study of all urological emergency cases that presented over six years in a Federal University Teaching Hospital in Nigeria. Data were collected from emergency register and theatre logs. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 25.

Results:

A total of 267 patients presented with urological emergencies during the period of study with 258 (96.6%) men and 9 (3.4%) women. The mean age of the patients was 50.6 ± 20.8 years. Urinary retention was the most common urological emergency accounting for 159 (59.6%) cases followed by Fournier's gangrene 23 (8.6%) and testicular torsion 23 (8.6%). Bladder and ureteral injuries accounted for 5 (55.6%) of the urological emergency presentations in women while both injuries accounted for only 4 (1.6%) in men (P = 0.000). Urethral catheterization was the most commonly performed procedure 139 (52.1%), followed by percutaneous suprapubic cystostomy (SPC) 31 (11.6%).

Conclusion:

Urological emergencies have varying presentations in both sexes. Urinary retention, and acute scrotum were the most common urological emergencies in our facility. This knowledge can be used in emergency preparedness planning which involves personnel training and resource allocation.
The Impact of Dysmenorrhea on Pulmonary Functions
Authors: Dogru HY , Oktay G , Ozmen ZC , Ozsoy AZ , Koseoglu HI
Published: March 2021

Background:

Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) is characterized by symptoms including sweating, headache, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, tremulousness, usually begins adolescence, those can be associated with autonomic dysfunction affecting pulmonary functions.

Aim:

The aim of the present study is to investigate the impacts of PD on pulmonary function tests.

Subjects and Methods:

A prospective cross-sectional design was selected. All subjects were invited to admit to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology outpatient unit for venous blood test detecting the levels of estrogen and progesterone during the follicular and luteal phase of their menstrual cycle. After drawing blood, women were taken to the pulmonary function tests laboratory to perform the test. The comparisons between Group PD and Group Control were performed by the independent samples t-test or Mann–Whitney U test. Intragroup comparisons were completed by paired samples t-test. Results: The comparisons between Group PD and Group Control among estrogen and progesterone in follicular and luteal phase, pulmonary function test results did not show any significance (P > 0.05). The intragroup comparisons of estrogen and progesterone levels, and pulmonary functions test results revealed no significant difference (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:

The present study showed that PD does not influence the spirometric measurements and also respiratory functions are not impaired by the different phases of menstrual cycle.
تصويب معادلة ديوفانتين x^2=4q^n-4q^m+9
Authors: أمل الرشيد أمل الرشيد
Published: March 2021

. في هذا البحث قدمنا تصحيح لبرهان المبرهنة 1، الواردة في المرجع (1) حول حل المعادلة الديوفنتية x^2=?4q?^n-?4q?^m+9
تحديد نسبة الكافيين في بعض مشروبات الطاقه
Authors: صنهات الحربي صنهات الحربي
Published: March 2021

تم في هذه الدراسة جمع أربع عينات من شركات مختلفة من عدة أسواق محليه ، ومن ثم أجري عليها تحليل طيفي بواسطة المطيافية الجزيئية حيث تم أولا فصل مادة الكافيين من العينات ومن ثم تم تحضير عدة محاليل قياسية معلومة التركيز. تم قياس الامتصاصية للعينات الاربع والمحاليل القياسية وعن طريق رسم منحنى قياسي للمحاليل القياسية(R2=0.99.. ) تم التوصل لتراكيز العينات الأربع حيث كانت النسب المحسوبة مقاربة جدا لنسب الكافيين المدونه على عبوات المنتج وكلها تقع ضمن المدى المسموح به عالميا.
الرياضة ومضادات الأكسدة: المؤشرات الحيوية الحالية للإجهاد التأكسدي: القيود والتحديات المستقبلية
Authors: تغريد محمد فقيه تغريد محمد فقيه
Published: March 2021

ازداد الإهتمام بشكل كبير في السنوات الحالية بدراسة الإتزان بين مستوى انتاج الشقوق الحرة في الكائنات الحية وإزالتها بواسطة نظام مضادات الأكسدة والذي يعرف بالإجهاد التأكسدي. وبالتالي تقدم هذه الدراسة لمحة عامة عن هذا الإتزان في الكائنات الحية في السنوات القليلة الماضية. وسيتم التركيزعلى كيفية توليد الشقوق الحرة بواسطة بعض الظروف البدنية والنفسية التي تؤدي إلى هذا الإجهاد داخل خلايا الكائنات الحية والذي يؤدي بدوره إلى الضرر بالجزيئات الحيوية داخل الخلايا والإصابة بالأمراض المزمنة. وسوف يناقش جوهر هذه الدراسة العوامل التي تؤثر على إنتاج هذه الشقوق أثناء القيام بالأنشطة الرياضية البدنية مثل نوع التمرين الرياضي ومدته الزمنية ومقدار ما يستهلك من الأكسجين اثناء التمرين. كما تهدف الدراسة الحالية إلى تلخيص مدى ارتباط تكوين الجذور الحرة الضارة بالمعادن النشطة التي تساهم في عملتي الأكسدة والاختزال داخل الخلايا. وسوف تتناول ايضا بشكل مفصل مدى تأثير هذا الإجهاد التأكسدي على خلايا الكائنات الحية وكيفية استجابتها له في المختبروعلى وجه الخصوص الخلايا العضلية. وكذلك المؤشرات الحيوية المستخدمة حاليا لدراسة وقياس هذا النوع من الإجهاد التأكسدي في العينات الحيوية والناجم من التمارين الرياضية. وسوف تناقش هذه الدراسة بإيجاز قصور بعض تقنيات التحليل الكيميائي المستخدمة في تعيين بعض العناصر الحيوية (الخارصين والنحاس والحديد والمنجنيز) اثناء استخدامها كواسم حيوي لقياس الإجهاد التأكسدي داخل الخلايا.
DON'T SPEED UP, SPEED KILLS: MAMMAL ROADKILLS ON HIGHWAY SECTIONS OF PR-445 IN THE SOUTH OF BRAZIL
Authors:   Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Pereira Alan Deivid , Yabu Marcelo Hideki Shigaki , Geller Iago Vinicios , Lehn Carlos Rodrigo , Vidotto-Magnoni Ana Paula , Bogoni Juliano André , Orsi Mário Luís ,   Universidade de São Paulo
Published: March 2021

Animal-vehicle collisions are the main negative impact of roads on wildlife, where they cause population declines, shifts in community structure, and potential changes in species behavior. Here, we determined mammal roadkill rates and the hotspots with higher rates for medium- and large-bodied mammals on the Highway PR-445 in the state of Paraná, Brazil. We have also evaluated possible differences in the frequency of roadkills concerning species activity patterns and their feeding habits. In doing so, we monitored the PR-445 twice a week between the kilometers 1 and 76, from March 2018 to March 2019, totaling 7296 km after 96 trips. We have recorded 93 mammal roadkills belonging to 17 species, representing a rate of 0.013 individual/km/day. The Carnivora, Didelphimorphia, and Cingulata orders showed to be the most common representatives among the roadkills. Omnivores were more prone to get hit by vehicles than herbivores and carnivores. The type of mammal activity pattern was not determinant in explaining the differences in roadkill rates. Highways in Paraná are among the roads that register the highest number of vehicle collisions with vertebrates in the country. This issue, together with extensive habitat loss and fragmentation, increases the threats to the relictual fauna. Our results indicate that the regions with the highest incidence of mammal roadkills on PR-445 are those close to stretches over rivers and with remnants of native vegetation. Thus, we emphasize that more comprehensive measures (e.g., wildlife passages and speed reducers) are essential to mitigate the impact of roads on wildlife.
FEEDING PREFERENCE AND BIOLOGICAL TRAITS OF PANONYCHUS ULMI ON LEAVES OF APPLE AND GRAPEVINE
Authors:   Universidade do Vale do Taquari, Silva Darliane Evangelho , Nascimento Joseane Moreira do , Silva Rita Tatiane Leão da , Ferla Julia Jantsch , Ruffatto Kettlin , Juchem Calebe Fernando , Corrêa Luiz Liberato Costa , Johan Liana , Ferla Noeli Juarez ,   Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Published: March 2021

Panonychus ulmi is widely distributed in apple and vineyards worldwide. In Brazil, the first damages were observed in apple orchard and later in grapevine. The aim of this study was to evaluate feeding preference and biological traits of P. ulmi on different grapevine varieties (BRS Vitória, Merlot and Concord) and apple (Fuji) under laboratory conditions. The food preference experiment did not reveal any significant differences, but P. ulmi presented the lowest rate of oviposition in the Concord varietal, demonstrating an oviposition preference in V. vinifera varietals and general preference for apple. Mortality was significantly different between varieties, with the lowest mortality on apple and higher oviposition rate in this host. Higher viability occurred on Merlot and apple. Feeding preference studies are scarce, considering phytophagous mites and grape varieties, although they are important in the development of pest control strategies.
GROWTH RATE AND BEHAVIOR OVER 20 YEARS IN THE CRUSTOSE LICHEN HAEMATOMMA ERYTHROMMA AT ELEPHANT ISLAND, ANTARCTICA
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Pampa, Putzke Jair , Schünemann Adriano Luis , Pereira Antonio Batista
Published: March 2021

Antarctica is one of the most extreme environments on the planet considering the climatic conditions. This greatly limits the development of plants, and is reflected in slow growth, especially in the lichens present in this environment. Haematomma erythromma is a nitrophile lichen easily identifiable by its color and was the species chosen to evaluate growth in Antarctica. Using a plastic sheet, squares of 20 x 20 cm were placed on eight different rocks with crustose lichen communities and the species found were drawn in 1992 and in 2012. The location chosen for the survey was Stinker Point, on Elephant Island, north of the South Shetland Archipelago. After 20 years and evaluating 178 thalli, H. erythromma grew 0.2 to 0.7 mm/year, one of the slowest among Antarctic lichens. The thallus growth is mainly oriented West/Northwest, against prevailing wind direction, probably due to nutrient carried form a penguin rockery nearby. New thalli formed during this evaluation and the old ones also grew to connect each other, resulting in a confluent larger thallus. The new thalli grew mostly over Xanthoria elegans (Link.) Th. Fr., Rhizoplaca aspidophora (Vain.) Redón and Buellia spp. demonstrating that H. erythromma is capable of colonize areas with other lichen species coverage. The growth to be confluent with other thalli and the wind orientation are novelties to this species of lichen.
NEW RECORDS AND PRELIMINARY REPRODUCTIVE ASPECTS OF ELASMOBRANCHS OF THE TRINDADE-MARTIN VAZ INSULAR COMPLEX
Authors: Salmon Thierry , Rangel Bianca de Sousa , Malavasi-Bruno Carlos Eduardo , Kfoury-Jr José Roberto
Published: March 2021

Here we presented records of elasmobranchs obtained during a longline pelagic fishing monitoring around the Trindade-Martin Vaz insular complex, including one new record. New information on the reproductive aspects of the blue shark (Prionace glauca) and pelagic stingray (Pteroplatytrygon violacea) suggest the use of this area as mating and parturition ground for these species. The most abundant species was the P. glauca (N = 65), followed by shortfin mako shark Isurus oxyrinchus (N = 12). We also recorded for the first time the smooth hammerhead shark Sphyrna zygaena (N = 3) and the bigeye thresher shark Alopias superciliosus (N = 2), and other shark species previous reported for the insular complex, including the oceanic whitetip Carcharhinus longimanus (N = 2), and the tiger shark Galeocerdo cuvier (N = 1). Our findings highlight the importance of further studies at the Trindade-Martin Vaz insular complex considering the pelagic biodiversity and reproductive aspects of elasmobranchs.
NEST BOX USE AND POLYGYNY IN AN ENDANGERED PRIMATE SPECIES: THE BLACK LION TAMARIN (LEONTOPITHECUS CHRYSOPYGUS)
Authors:   Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Garcia Francini de Oliveira , Prado Bárbara Heliodora Soares do , Souza Edil de Jesus , Machado Valmir , Albino Cristiane Vieira , Rocha Vlamir José ,   Secretaria de Meio Ambiente SP,   Sítio Sagrada Família
Published: March 2021

The black lion tamarin, Leontopithecus chrysopygus, is an endemic and endangered primate species from the Atlantic Forest of the interior of São Paulo State, Brazil. Its mating system is characterized as monogamous and females give birth to two twin infants during each breeding season. They are known to mainly sleep in tree holes, which is considered as a pertinent strategy for increasing their protection from predators during the night. Artificial cavities, like nest boxes, have been installed for other species in areas where tree cavities are depleted, in order to replace them. In this study, we report (i) the use of nest boxes in the wild by a group of black lion tamarins and (ii) the first record of polygyny for this species.
REGISTRO DE NECROFAGIA POR GIRINOS DA FAMÍLIA HYLIDAE (AMPHIBIA, ANURA) EM FRAGMENTO DE FLORESTA ATLÂNTICA, NORDESTE, BRASIL
Authors:   Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Dias Emerson Gonçalves , Silva Flávio José da , Sousa Joécio Santos , Santos Ednilza Maranhão dos
Published: March 2021

Necrophagy performed by anuran amphibian tadpoles are incidental and incipient events. In this work, tadpoles of the species Boana albomarginata, Boana crepitans, and Dendropsophus minutus were recorded for the first time, feeding on the corpses of Physalaemus cuvieri and Rhinella crucifer in an area of Atlantic forest in northeastern Brazil. We can consider that although the record is occasional in a ephemeral environment, this behavior can occur more frequently in nature.
DISTRIBUTION EXTENSION AND NEW RECORDS FOR Cercosaura olivacea (GRAY, 1845) (SQUAMATA: GYMNOPHTHALMIDAE) IN NORTHEASTERN BRAZIL
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Dubeux Marcos Jorge Matias , Nascimento Filipe Augusto Cavalcanti do , Gonçalves Ubiratan , Mott Tamí , Nunes Pedro M. Sales ,   Universidade Federal de Alagoas
Published: March 2021

Here we add a new state record for Cercosaura olivacea in northeastern Brazil and new areas of occurrence in the state of Pernambuco and Sergipe, including the first record of this species in the Caatinga ecoregion. The new records fill a gap of more than 600 km in the distribution of this species on the east coast of Brazil and expand the geographical distribution of the species by 280 km north and 180 km south of the nearest recorded areas of occurrence.
Prevalence of Cardiovascular Complications in Malaria: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Holm Anna Engell , Gomes Laura C. , Marinho Claudio Romero Farias , Silvestre Odilson M. , Vestergaard Lasse S. , Biering-Sørensen Tor , Brainin Philip
Published: March 2021

Recent studies have suggested that malaria may affect the cardiovascular system. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the prevalence of cardiovascular complications in symptomatic malaria patients. We searched databases such as Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science (January 1950–April 2020) for studies reporting on cardiovascular complications in adults and children with malaria. Cardiovascular complications were defined as abnormalities in electrocardiogram (ECG), cardiac biomarkers, and echocardiography on admission or during outpatient examination. Studies of patients with known heart disease or cardiovascular evaluation performed after the start of intravenous antimalarial medication were excluded. The study was registered in International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) (No.: CRD42020167672). The literature search yielded 1,243 studies, and a total of 43 studies with symptomatic malaria patients were included. Clinical studies (n = 12 adults; n = 5 children) comprised 3,117 patients, of which a majority had Plasmodium falciparum (n = 15) and were diagnosed with severe malaria (n = 13). In random-effects models of adults, the pooled prevalence estimate for any cardiovascular complication was 7% (95% CI: 5–9). No meta-analysis was conducted in children, but the range of abnormal ECG was 0–8%, cardiac biomarkers 0–57%, and echocardiography 4–9%. We analyzed 33 cases (n = 10 postmortem), in which the most common cardiovascular pathologies were myocarditis and acute coronary syndrome. All histopathological studies found evidence of parasitized red blood cells in the myocardium. Cardiovascular complications are not uncommon in symptomatic adults and children with malaria. Additional studies investigating malaria and cardiovascular disease are encouraged.
Slavic languages in contact, 7 :Turkish Ḱ, Ǵ > Serbian, Croatian Ć, Đ
Authors: Stachowski Marek
Published: March 2021

The fact that Turkish palatalized consonants ḱ and ǵ are rendered ć and ‹đ› = , respectively, in Croatian and Serbian was not discussed in detail thus far. This author is trying to settle the source(s), the mechanism, the time and the place of the change.
In the Shadow of Trickster. Research Fields and Controversies in the Discourse on the Trickster Complex in the Studies of Myth
Authors: Szyjewski Andrzej
Published: March 2021

Since its appearance in the scientific discourse, the figure of trickster has become a subject of many controversies and a source of speculation in many research fields. Despite multiple endeavours to synthesise this topic, researchers seem to be still far from solving the “trickster problem.” The article attempts to recall the classical arguments in the field, in order to identify the sources of puzzling issues and to find common motifs linking diverse deliberations. Researchers of different schools seem to agree on the archaic nature of trickster myths. This is indicated by the paradoxicality, ambivalence, unpredictability and multidimensionality of the trickster figure and its specific wisdom in the form of cunningness gravitating towards a shamanic complex, as well as the dispersion and chaotic character of mythical episodes.
Feigned Weakness, False Happiness, Pretended Submission and Other Tricks of the Heroines of the Russian Epos
Authors: Veselova Inna
Published: March 2021

This article is based on study of the tricksters’tricks played by the heroines of the Russian epos known as bylinas. Variants of bylina plots with female protagonists have been contemplated, taking into consideration the concept by Michel de Certeau of two modes of practices – tactic and strategic –a nd James Scott’s concept of “the weapons of the weak.”The narrator informs the audience first about the modi operandi under various circumstances, and second about the underlying values governing the choice of this or that modus operandi. Systematic studies of variants of bylina plots confirm the fact that the narrators pay a lot of attention to the personality, appearance and agency of epic heroines. The cunning tricks, daring deceptions, bold choices and exceptional physical fortitude of the heroines surprise the singers of the tales. The activities of female characters are analysed in the social context. The story-telling is a method of teaching modes and ways of real-life behavior. The bylinas’ singers are rendering their personal experience and knowledge in fictionalized form.
Grave of the Corded Ware culture from Węgrzce, Kraków District
Authors: Nowak Maciej , Musiał-Łaczek Barbara , Włodarczak Piotr
Published: March 2021

Grave 3/2016 from site 3 in Węgrzce, Comm. Zielonki, Kraków District was discovered during archaeological excavations preceding construction of a detached house. This was a niche grave, holding two burials: a male aged 38–47 years, and a child 4–5 years old. The recorded funeral rite is characteristic of a cluster of Corded Ware culture cemeteries on the lower Dłubnia River, near Kraków. A vessel recovered from the grave reveals local features characteristic of that cluster. One radiocarbon age determination was obtained for the burial, pointing to ca. 2470–2350 BC as the most likely range. Thus, the grave links with the younger phase of the Final Eneolithic in Lesser Poland.
CONHECIMENTO DOS ACADÊMICOS DE ENFERMAGEM SOBRE A REANIMAÇÃO CARDIOPULMONAR: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors:   Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, Coroatá, MA, Brasil., Paulo Ingrid Jamille Miranda de , Rodrigues Emmily Fabiany Sousa ,   Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, Coroatá, MA, Brasil., Silva Idna Glenda da ,   Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, Coroatá, MA, Brasil., Moreira Luciana de França Sobral ,   Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, Coroatá, MA, Brasil., Silva Tamirys de Paula ,   Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, Coroatá, MA, Brasil., Souza Yasmim da Silva ,   Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, Coroatá, MA, Brasil., Silva Dheymi Wilma Ramos ,   Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, Coroatá, MA, Brasil.
Published: March 2021

A reanimação cardiopulmonar é um evento no qual o socorrista capacitado intervém após uma parada cardiorrespiratória fazendo uso do conhecimento teórico-prático juntamente com manobras adequadas para salvar o maior número de vidas. Diante desse contexto, é imprescindível o conhecimento dos graduandos em enfermagem sobre RCP (Reanimação Cardiopulmonar) para que possam desenvolver um trabalho de qualidade na vida profissional. O presente estudo busca identificar através da literatura evidências científicas nacionais e internacionais a respeito do conhecimento dos acadêmicos de enfermagem sobre a reanimação cardiopulmonar. Refere-se a uma revisão integrativa nos bancos de dados da Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS) e National Library of Medicine (PubMed), sendo utilizado para a escolha os seguintes descritores: Ressucitação Cardiopulmonar, Estudantes de Enfermagem e Parada Cardíaca publicados no período entre 2014 a 2019. Foram selecionados artigos, sendo a maioria com múltiplos autores e pertencentes à categoria estudo descritivo. Os resultados evidenciaram que os acadêmicos de enfermagem têm conhecimento teórico sobre as manobras e diretrizes de RCP, mas que não têm domínio da prática para realizá-la. É necessário que haja aprimoramento nas grades curriculares dos cursos de graduação de enfermagem, para que os acadêmicos tenham um conhecimento mais aprofundado a respeito das práticas de RCP e conheçam a importância da aplicabilidade desta, durante sua assistência profissional.