bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Computer-based monitoring in the American workplace: Surveillance technologies and legal challenges
Authors: Wen H. Joseph , Gershuny Pamela
Published: June 2021

With the explosion in information technology, deploying desktop Internet access for corporations is becoming common place. Corporate managers are dealing with issues of protecting their corporations from legal exposure, especially in relation to downloading of pornographic or racist material, and from unwanted content. While the reasons offered by employers for doing computer-based monitoring may appear ethical and legal, employers who aggressively monitor must stay current on the laws because they may be liable for multiple violations of federal and state laws. This paper reviews surveillance technologies and discusses different arguments of computer-based monitoring. This is followed by the discussion of related federal and state laws and judicial decisions. The paper concludes with guidelines for developing computer-based monitoring policies.
Evaluation of Fortune 100 companies' career web sites
Authors: Lee In
Published: June 2021

At this time of hyper-competition and rapid environmental changes, one of the most critical sources of competitive advantage is to attract and retain talented workers. E-recruiting is one of the most rapidly growing e-commerce areas. Since the mid-1990s, a number of e-recruiting sources such as job boards, corporate career web sites, and e-recruiting consortia have been introduced into the labor market. While corporate career web sites have been touted as the most efficient and cost-effective recruiting source among them, no formal evaluation method has been developed to measure their practices. This study develops a two-step career web site evaluation method and analyzes Fortune 100 companies' career web sites. Twenty-nine attributes of the career web sites are identified based on a content analysis of the career web sites. Three meaningful clusters are derived and profiled. Implications for managers are also discussed.
The effect of people on the supply chain world: Some overlooked issues
Authors: McCarter Matthew W. , Fawcett Stanley E. , Magnan Gregory M.
Published: June 2021

Some scholars have been so blunt as to claim that information technology is the answer to all the problems facing supply chain managers. We posit that, although information technology integration is necessary for a supply chain to succeed, people are also crucial. We further propose that managers must take into consideration organizational culture and the education and training of employees to facilitate supply chain collaboration and success. We interviewed 51 senior-level supply chain managers across five channel positions. Findings support our position that management of people is crucial to supply chain integration, and that integration is improved through an accommodating organizational culture and training and educational programs. Also from our findings, we supply a prescription for building the supply chain cross-functional manager.
Job Site Evaluation Framework (JSEF) and comparison of Greek and foreign job sites
Authors: Terzis Vasileios , Economides Anastasios A.
Published: June 2021

Job sites are emerging as a successful way of job finding and filling. Job seekers are using job sites to find appropriate jobs. Recruiters are using job sites to find appropriate employees. This paper provides a Job Site Evaluation Framework (JSEF) both from the job seeker and the recruiter point of view. This framework may be useful for job seekers, recruiters and job site designers. Furthermore, the paper evaluates the state of Greek job sites in comparison to foreigner ones. Guidelines and proposals for job sites improvement are given.
Systems thinking, a consilience of values and logic
Authors: Kumar Sameer , Ressler Thomas , Ahrens Mark
Published: June 2021

This article is an appeal to incorporate qualitative reasoning into quantitative topics and courses, especially those devoted to decision-making offered in colleges and universities. Students, many of whom join professional workforce, must become more systems thinkers and decision-makers than merely problem-solvers. This will entail discussion of systems thinking, not just reaching “the answer”. Managers will need to formally and forcefully discuss objectives and values at each stage of the problem-solving process – at the start, during the problem-solving stage, and at the interpretation of the results stage – in order to move from problem solving to decision-making. The authors suggest some methods for doing this, and provide examples of why doing so is so important for decision-makers in the modern world.
Strategically managed buyer-supplier relationships across supply chain: An exploratory study
Authors: Oberoi J.S. , Khamba J.S.
Published: June 2021

The acceleration of change, global economy and the business challenges has made organizations to think and integrate diverse competitive strategies in to the system. There has been an increasing emphasis on buyer-supplier relationships in the academic community and in the international business to improve competitiveness and profitability of organizations by proposing different strategies, organizational structure, system, tools and techniques for how to select the right partner, establish the proper relationship and adapt adequately to the internal and external changes. Moreover, the system has witnessed a transformation in which suppliers and customers are inextricably linked throughout the entire sequence of supply chain. This paper aims to develop the buyer-supplier typology for strategic archetypes of contractual relationships. The typology reflects a buyer perspective ranging from arm's length relationship to strategic partnerships and represents a supplier segmentation tool which helps identify what types of competence and capability relate to each individual sourcing practice. The paper includes the comprehensive study of current state of the art of the survey based empirical research on sourcing practices and supplier selection, as they play a vital role in managing supply chain.
A study of implementing Balanced Scorecard (BSC) in non-profit organizations: A case study of private hospital
Authors: Yang Ching-Chow , Cheng Lai-Yu , Yang Chih-Wei
Published: June 2021

In the literature, most of the researches investigated the performance evaluation for the private enterprise. Comparatively, there are very few related researches emphasized the performance assessment for non-profit organizations (NPOs). It is noted that there are several evaluation methods used on NPOs, for examples: financial accountability, program products or outputs, adherence to standards of quality in service delivery, participant-related measure, client satisfaction, etc. Are these methods sufficient and adequate? In this research, we will introduce new methodologies of performance evaluation for NPOs. Balanced Scorecard (BSC), developed in 1992, is widely adopted by the enterprises around the world, and many non-profit organizations had introduced and implemented BSC. In Taiwan, very few NPOs implement BSC. It is therefore this research wants to examine the feasibility of the implementation of BSC for NPOs in Taiwan, and then develops an implementation framework of BSC. Finally, a case study will be provided to demonstrate that this framework is feasible and powerful.
Credibility Trap: Japan today and China tomorrow
Authors: Hiwaki Kensei , Tong Junie
Published: June 2021

This article provides a theoretical framework for a long-term socioeconomic lethargy (Credibility Trap) that results from the liquidation of holistic society-specific culture. As for example, it deals with the cases of Japan today and China tomorrow, elaborating on the slight of their respective society-specific cultures in a century-long process of “modernization”. The present theoretical framework primarily consists of three pivotal concepts, viz., Credibility Trap, society-specific cultures (Cultures) and market fundamentalism (Market), which facilitates a clear, concise and effective argument that the liquidation of their respective holistic Cultures may intimately relate to their actual and potential socioeconomic lethargy. Also, the present article concentrates on the elaboration of some promising avenues for prevention and cure of Credibility Trap. Such avenues comprise the necessary and sufficient conditions for a balanced socioeconomic development; a theoretical framework for a perpetual “virtuous” circle among cultural enrichment, comprehensive human development and balanced socioeconomic development; and a normative framework of multi-faceted value enhancement for vitality augmentation and cultural enrichment within a society.
Closed loop supply chains – A study of US and Japanese car industries
Authors: Kumar Sameer , Yamaoka Teruyuki
Published: June 2021

System dynamics (SD) modeling approach is used to study the US and Japanese car industries' closed loop supply chains. The state of car recycling in the US and Japan and also end of life vehicle (ELV) regulation in Japan are reviewed. Disposal of cars that reach end of life phase in the US and Japan and export of used cars to emerging economies including potential threats to car manufacturers in these economies are examined. Relationships between reduce, reuse, recycle and disposal in the US and Japanese car markets are explored with base scenario analysis using the car consumption data and forecasts. The SD model was also subjected to extreme conditions test for structural validity. Dynamic analysis of different market scenarios for the US and Japanese reverse supply chains are also conducted. The study shows government regulations can have a significant impact on the car industries' reverse supply chains in the US and Japan.
The establishment of a stolen-vehicle tracking management information system
Authors: Chen Shun-Hsing , Lin Wen-Tsann , Yang Ching-Chow
Published: June 2021

This study establishes a stolen-vehicle tracking management information system (MIS) combining information technology (IT) equipment in a wireless local area network (WLAN), personal digital assistant (PDA), and charge couple devices (CCD) camera with vehicle license plate recognition (LPR) technology. First, the police setup CCD cameras at fixed locations or in police vehicles to monitor every moving vehicle and fetch plate information to match retrieved plate information compared with stolen-vehicle databases. Second, when a stolen-vehicle is detected, the system communicates real-time warning signals to PDA held by on-duty police to intercept the stolen vehicle. The real-time information delivery and communication provided by this system not only help the police to solve serious criminal cases and protect public life and property, but also increase management effectiveness and lower manpower costs.
Applying human reliability growth analysis to system performance enhancement
Authors: Yang Chih-Wei , Lin Chiuhsiang Joe , Chen James C.
Published: June 2021

This study presents a human reliability growth analysis system (HRGAS) for human reliability estimation and prediction. The HRGAS can be applied to monitor and record human performance activities. Human performance activity data can then be utilized to generate a human reliability growth model for a target system. This study utilized contemporary human error definition techniques and reliability models to generate a HRGAS. Software for HRGAS was developed. The analytic analysis process consists of classification of human behaviors, failure mode evaluation and analysis (FMEA), fault tree analysis (FTA), and human reliability growth calculation. A series of implementation experiments and assessments demonstrated that the system is reliable and can be monitored and continuously controlled for reliability growth. This system can be utilized to supervise human performance and develop standards suitable for human performance.
IT-driven offshoring: The exaggerated “Development Opportunity”
Authors: C.P. Chandrasekhar , Jayati Ghosh
Published: June 2021

This paper considers the recent boom in IT-driven offshoring in India and examines the potential for this to become a major source of economic growth in the future. Currently there is much optimism about the benefits that the new trend can bring to India and other similarly placed countries, as growth in services is seen as more likely to deliver employment, income and export revenue increases than growth in the commodity producing sectors. But such optimism may be misplaced given the relatively small share of this sector in total output and employment, as well as the difficulties of sustaining growth in the area. Most importantly, focus on this potential should not allow the government to ignore jobless growth in other sectors.
Managing globalization of R&D: Organizing for offshoring innovation
Authors: Bardhan Ashok Deo
Published: June 2021

This article analyzes the challenges brought about by the globalization of innovative activity to the science and practice of management. The task of matching organization structure and management practices to the needs of R&D offshoring is analyzed through a set of dichotomous pairs of concepts: (1) Drastic vs. Gradual and Systemic vs. Autonomous Innovation, (2) High vs. Low Skill Specificity, (3) Input Markets vs. Output Markets, (4) Intra-Firm vs. Arms Length Offshoring. In the trade-off between markets and hierarchies, the firms often come down on the side of the latter when it comes to the setting up of R&D facilities abroad. Organizational directives and internalization, i.e., intra-firm offshoring can trump market incentives and foreign outsourcing, when it comes to the uncertain returns from innovative activity, particularly in the case of drastic innovations and high skill specificity. Globalization has led to dispersed markets and firms have responded with dispersed locations of core assets, creating competence clusters all over the world, and the innovative firm of the future will restructure each individual cell, the basic building block of the firm consisting of an occupation devoted to a product, and redeploy and relocate them globally, where it is most advantageous.
Implications of uncertainty on firm outsourcing decisions
Authors: King David R.
Published: June 2021

Outsourcing inherently considers what activity needs to reside within a given firm. The difficulty of exchanges between firms in the face of uncertainty affects where work on developing and producing new products is performed. Theory is developed and explored using a case study that explains firm sourcing decisions as a response to uncertainty within the context of industry structure and related transaction costs. Viewing outsourcing broadly results in a better delineation of outsourcing options. Implications for management research and practice are identified.
Individual effectiveness in outsourcing
Authors: Raghuram Sumita
Published: June 2021

Outsourcing has grown enormously over the past few years, however, most of the attention so far has focused on the economics of the transaction, and much less on the human element involved in the transaction. In this paper I focus on call agents and my observations are based upon existing literature and my personal interviews. I suggest that it is challenging for them to identify with client organizations because of cultural differences, tacit contexts and lean communication media used to connect across vast geographical distances. The weak client identification may result in poor performance, inability to build trust with customers and long-term customer satisfaction. However, there are differences across individuals in their ability to deal with these challenges. Those who have a higher self-efficacy, higher pro-activeness and higher cultural intelligence may be more capable than others in their effectiveness. Likewise, organization initiated practices such as careful employee selection, intensive training and use of visible markers of identity may heighten client identification.
Efficiency-based recruitment plan for chained quick-service enterprise
Authors: Lan Chun-Hsiung , Lan Yu-Hua , Chang Chi-Chung , Chuang Liang-Lun
Published: June 2021

This paper describes a research method called two-stage design consisting of the determination of the efficiency for each quick-service restaurant of chained enterprise at the first stage by using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), and then proposes an approach of Recruitment and Allocation (RA) plan for supporting the everlasting running of the enterprise in the second stage. The technical efficiency, the scale efficiency, the production efficiency, and the return to scale are conducted in the first stage of this two-stage research design. In addition, this study also proposes the potentially improved value to promote the relative efficiency of each chained restaurant through the improvement of inputs or outputs items. Besides, the RA plan is proposed in the second stage of the two-stage design. The RA plan is an efficiency-based quantitative approach to recruit employees as well as to determine the allocation of those recruited employees. This study indeed provides a constructive and quantitative approach of solving the dilemma issue “how to reasonably recruit and allocate employees” for decision makers with profound insight in the quick-service enterprise.
A learning organization perspective on knowledge-sharing behavior and firm innovation
Authors: Liao Li-Fen
Published: June 2021

Sharing knowledge and firm innovation are the crucial ways to sustain competitive advantage. This study builds a nested model to test the relationship between learning organization, knowledge-sharing behavior, and firm innovation.

Data gathered from 254 employees were used to examine the relationship of the learning organization to employees' knowledge-sharing behavior and firm innovation. The results indicate that open-mindedness, shared vision and trust have positive effects on both knowledge-sharing behavior and firm innovation. While commitment to learning does not shows significant relationship on knowledge-sharing behavior and firm innovation. Communication has significance on firm innovation but not significance on knowledge-sharing behavior.
Development of strategies for shortening supply chain and demand chain
Authors: Hwang Ming-Hon , Rau Hsin
Published: June 2021

Supply chain management (SCM) recently has attracted a lot of attention from industrial practitioners and academics worldwide. Moreover, shortening a supply chain has been a main issue in supply chain management. Shortening supply chain means reducing the process time required for supply chain activities, which are logistics, business, information, cash flow and design process, etc. This study proposes methods of shortening supply chain based on the activities listed above together with their classification and descriptions. To analyze the cause and effect between those solutions and methods of shortening supply chain, this study uses the cause and effect diagram as a supporting method. Additionally, to understand the efficiency of these methods, this study builds up a supply chain performance measure to evaluate the efficiency of methods of shortening supply chain.
An empirical study of selecting software development life cycle models
Authors: Guntamukkala Vamsidhar , Wen H. Joseph , Tarn J. Michael
Published: June 2021

This article discussed the problem that is commonly faced by project managers in selecting an appropriate software development model. A good number of models and the ongoing debate between the advocates of agile and traditional models make the selection of a right one uneasy and complicated. The purpose of this study is to propose a new alternative view in selecting development models from the perspective of degree of flexibility in different project situations. The results of a survey conducted to 74 project managers and software developers indicate that there are three naturally occurring development model groups, including heavyweight (Waterfall and V models), middleweight (Incremental and Spiral models), and lightweight (Extreme Programming and SCRUM). A canonical function is identified to help project managers select an appropriate software development model for each potential or planned project.
An empirical study of factors affecting e-service satisfaction
Authors: Zhang Xiaoni , Prybutok Victor , Huang Albert
Published: June 2021

E-service is the integration of business processes, policies, procedures, tools, technologies, and human efforts to facilitate both assisted and unassisted customer services in using the Internet and other networks. To examine factors affecting user satisfaction with e-services, a survey was conducted using a questionnaire. The questionnaire was based partially on existing studies, and was validated by a panel of researchers and industry experts. More than 700 usable responses to the questionnaire were collected and analyzed. The results showed that user satisfaction with e-services is correlated with perceived convenience, users' skills and experiences, and perceived security.
Salesforce incentive within organizational life cycle: A transaction cost analysis
Authors: Liao Chin-Nung
Published: June 2021

This paper takes an integrated view of Transaction Cost Analysis (TCA) in order to study the design of incentive compensation plans in salesforces and develops a framework of incentive compensation match to organizational life cycle. In essence, this article argues different incentive strategy, such as outcome, behavior and clan incentive control, can create different effort effect for salesforce in each stage of organizational life cycle. Three types of incentive compensation based, output, process and socialization, are proposed respectively in each stage of organizational processes. Implementing different types of incentive compensation criterion to motive salesforce to execute the corresponding strategy of organization can be built.
Customer satisfaction measurement with neural network
Authors: Hsieh Yao-Hung , Lin Chiuhsiang Joe , Chen James C.
Published: June 2021

In the modern industrial environment, Quality is a necessary condition for enterprises to gain survives. The expectant quality of consumers is not only the tangible part but extending the perceived service quality in process of purchasing. Many organizations started to search for Quality and Customer Satisfaction due to the long-term competition advantage. This study tries to search for the perceived gap between Quality and Customer Satisfaction of customers. We test these proposed gaps using survey data collected from a group of Taiwan logistic enterprises and find support for the gaps based on the results of the artificial neural network. We can find the aspects for logistics businesses to strengthen their competitive ability. Managers can also erase the gap among senior management, operational staff and customers in the significant items of the aspects and cut costs and increase running efficiency by these efforts.
Generational differences in using online learning systems
Authors: Stapleton James L. , Wen H. Joseph , Starrett Dave , Kilburn Michelle
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate generational differences in using online learning systems. The factors examined in this study were perceived satisfaction, perceived learning, online technology environment, interaction, student motivation and self-management. A total of 966 usable responses were analyzed. A number of generational differences were found. Comparatively speaking, Millennials are more likely to perceive that technical capabilities of the online system reduce learning, have more interaction with students, have less interaction with instructors, are more comfortable with online course discussions, and are less likely to have an online learning plan. However, contrary to profiles of these generations common in the literature, results suggested that the perceived satisfaction, learning, and motivation of these generations are more homogeneous than different.
The new intelligence leadership strategy for iCAS
Authors: Liang Thow Yick
Published: June 2021

As humanity becomes more dependent on information and knowledge, the current concepts, theories and practices associated with leadership strategy have to be transformed. Fundamentally, the influence of the knowledge-intensive, fast-changing and more complex environment has initiated a shift in the mindset, strategic thinking, ability and style in the new generation of leaders. In addition, for all categories of human organizations (economics, business, social, education and political) their members are becoming better educated and informed, and consequently they are more sophisticated interacting agents with modified expectations. Leading these new intelligent human organizations is drastically different from leading a traditional setup. Consequently, the introduction of a new leadership strategy is inevitable.

Concurrently, in the new context, it is also highly significant to recognize that all human thinking systems and human organizations are indeed complex adaptive systems. In such systems, order and complexity co-exist, and they learn, adapt and evolve with the changing environment, similar to the behavior of any biological species in an ecological system. The complex and nonlinear evolving dynamic is driven by the intrinsic intelligence of the individuals and the collective intelligence of the group. Therefore, focusing and exploiting the bio-logic rather than machine-logic perspective is definitely more appropriate. In this respect, a better comprehension of leadership strategy and organizational dynamics can be acquired by “bisociating” the complexity theory and the concept of organizing around intelligence. The resulting evolutionary model of this analysis is the intelligence leadership strategy.
The political behavior intention of user in information system development
Authors: Chang Christina Ling-hsing
Published: June 2021

The speedy development of IT impacts organizational structure, task design, and the work method of employees. As these changes also affect the power and benefits of some users, the development of IS is often deterred. The purpose of this study is to analyze the major factors influencing the political behavior of users in information system development (ISD). Two theories are used to create the research model: (1) The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), and (2) Social Exchange Theory (SET): including Machiavellism, power, commitment, and trust four external factors. It is hoped that the results of this research can shed some light on management strategies, especially in terms of reducing or preventing any political behavior that may have negative consequences in the context of ISD.
How knowledge organizations work: The case of detectives in police investigations
Authors: Gottschalk Petter
Published: June 2021

Criminal investigation is a challenging task for detectives. This paper is concerned with characteristics of effective detectives. In a survey in Norway, police investigators were asked to list the five most important characteristics of effective detectives. This was done in a free format, requiring content analysis to categorize responses. Responses were categorized according to thinking styles in police investigations. While creativity was the most frequently mentioned characteristic, content analysis shows that the skill style of detectives is the most effective thinking style.
Design and planning of the balanced scorecard: A case study
Authors: Hwang Ming-Hon , Rau Hsin
Published: June 2021

In the industrial economy, evaluating company performance based on financial results was good enough. However, in the current globalized and highly competitive environment, maintaining long term competitiveness requires companies to engage in overall strategic planning and performance evaluation. The balanced scorecard is a tool or method for balancing an organization's performance and can react to situations where a company's direction becomes disoriented. This approach assists in strategy planning, process management, and performance evaluation from four perspectives, including financial, customer, internal process, and learning and growth. Good strategy planning provides companies with a correct management direction, correct process management ensures the efficient execution of plans, and correct performance evaluation illustrates the execution results. This study mainly focuses on how a large rubber company in Taiwan utilizes the balanced scorecard in its organization. As the technical perspective is important in the rubber keypad industry, besides the four above perspectives, this company has added the technical perspective. By introducing this company and its progress in implementing the balanced scorecard, this study hopes to provide other companies, especially rubber companies, with a planning direction and reference for the future implementation of the balanced scorecard.
Measuring the power of information in organizations
Authors: Ahituv Niv , Carmi Nava
Published: June 2021

This study empirically explores the link between power and information in organizations, and while doing so it also suggests a method to measure the relative power of an organizational unit in an organization due to the information it possesses. The study is based on the Strategic Contingencies Theory according to which the better a unit copes with uncertainty, the more central it is to the organization and the harder it is to replace its employees, consequently, the unit is more powerful relative to other units in the organization. In this study, information is regarded as an explanatory (independent) variable, additional to the traditional variables of the strategic contingencies theory. Two types of power were measured – perceived power and participation power; and two types of information were investigated – conveyed information and produced information. In general, it was found out that information indeed affects the organizational power of units within the organization. The influence is both direct and indirect, through a control variable – the type (i.e., the function) of the unit. Counter intuitively, the size of the unit or sub-unit (except for one case), the industrial sector and the number of employees in the entire organization were not found to affect the power of a sub-unit. It is known that some top executives in organizations tend to minimize the importance and value of the information systems when they do not produce immediate financial benefits. The result of this study, defining information as a factor influencing the power of the organizational sub-unit, is likely to confirm the important role of the information systems in the organization and to provide an additional explanation to the productivity paradox in the sense that information is not only a vehicle to provide economic value but rather an instrument to increase or sustain power.
Enterprise application integration: Implications for Euro-Asian supply chains
Authors: Spanos Athanasios , Ponis Stavros , Tatsiopoulos Ilias
Published: June 2021

The modern competitive markets rely heavily on the concept of globalization. In this respect, the virtual enterprise approach and a holistic view of an enterprise's supply chain come into play. Nowadays, a company is as reliable and efficient as the weakest link in its supply chain. An unhampered product and information flow among the supply chain nodes and a capability for backtracking are required, raising the need for Enterprise Application Integration (EAI), Business-to-Business (B2B) integration and interoperability in between the intra-enterprise and trans-enterprise heterogeneous information systems. This paper suggests how the increasingly important role of South and East Asian markets in the globalization era can be amplified by the use of the latest EAI technologies that facilitate the bonding of even the most diverse information systems. In turn, European markets already adopting such technologies can benefit and forge closely-knit relationships with their South and East Asian counterparts.
Supply chain network optimization based on collective intelligence and agent technologies
Authors: Sheremetov Leonid , Rocha-Mier Luis
Published: June 2021

The supply chain network optimization is a difficult problem to solve in the context of distributed (information across different members) and dynamic (changes in the structure and content of the information) environment with multidisciplinary decisions. In this paper, we address this problem from a dynamic optimization of local decisions point of view, to ensure a global optimum for the supply chain performance. This is done under the frameworks of Collective Intelligence (COIN) theory and Multi-Agent Systems (MAS). By COIN, we mean a large MAS where there is no centralized control and communication, but also, where there is a global task to complete: the global supply chain network optimization. The proposed model focuses on the interactions at local and global levels between agents in order to improve the overall supply chain business process behavior. Besides, collective learning consists of adapting the local behavior of each agent (micro-learning) to the optimization of the behavior globally (macro-learning). Reinforcement learning algorithms are used at the local level, while generalization of the Q-neural algorithm is proposed to optimize the global behavior. The model is implemented within the multiagent framework for supply chain modeling and optimization over JADE agent platform. Experimental results are discussed.
Utilizing analytic hierarchy process for improved decision making within supply chains
Authors: Kumar Sameer , Bisson John
Published: June 2021

With a growing global economy and competition and increased outsourcing, the supplier selection process has gained more focus and importance within many business enterprises for developing an integrated supply network. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) has been identified as an ideal multi-objective decision support tool to assist firms in completing the supplier selection process as part of strengthening their procurement strategies. This paper involved secondary research methods to gain an understanding of AHP, its various applications, and exploration of how to incorporate non-traditional selection criteria such as environmental criterion into the process. AHP's application for optimal supplier selection to support integrated procurement process is illustrated through an example of a Medical Device Manufacturer (MDM), known for established supplier-customer partnerships and alliances. Major limitation in studying this example included data availability to complete a comprehensive AHP decision management model. However, it was found that AHP is a powerful, structured but flexible method of addressing the multi-criteria supplier selection decision that facilitates building an integrated supply chain.
Establishing an adaptive production system for smoothing disruptions in supply networks
Authors: Chen Yee Ming , Lin Chun-Ta
Published: June 2021

For as long as there have been supply networks, there have been disruptions, and no supply chain, logistics system, or infrastructure network is immune to them. Recent events have highlighted the need for planners to consider the risk of disruptions when establishing supply networks. Supply networks disruptions have a number of causes and may take a number of forms, such as quality variance, equipment and machine unreliability, and defects and shortage incurred from imperfect production planning, implementation, and processing. In this paper, we classify the imperfect situations that the unreliability of production processes may create into eight independently recurrent categories. With the property of recurrence of Markov chain, the limiting probability of each imperfect production category can be calculated through the transition probabilities matrix generated from these imperfect production categories. Therefore, an adaptive (s, Q) production system with finite states forms a Markov chain to determine the reproduction point and the quantity of production can be established to smooth supply disruptions incurred from imperfect production.
Factors Affecting Intratympanic Corticosteroids Injection Therapy Results in Sudden Deafness Patients at Dr Mohammad Hoesin Hospital Palembang
Authors: Abla Ghanie  , Paramita Listya , Fiona Widyasari  , Ahmad Hifni  , Erial Bahar
Published: June 2021

Background. Sudden deafness is an emergency in the Ear Nose Throat Department, a subset of sensorineural hearing loss within a 72-hour window period and consists of a decrease in hearing of 30 decibels affecting at least three consecutive frequencies. The therapy given is corticosteroids, systemic corticosteroids or intratympanic corticosteroids injection, or both. The prognosis of sudden deafness depends on several factors. Patient with sudden hearing loss does not always have the same result in hearing improvement. This study was aimed to determine the factors that affect the results of intratympanic corticosteroid injection therapy in patients with sudden deafness.Methods. This study is an observational study with a cross-sectional design. The data were collected using medical records on 96 ears given intratympanic corticosteroid injection therapy at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Hospital Palembang from July 2018 to February 2021.Results. From 96 ears conducted in the study, the improvement of therapeutic results on intratympanic corticosteroid injection in patients with sudden deafness was 72.9%. The study found factors that influenced the outcome of therapy, namely age (p=0.002), the onset of therapy (p = 0.003), and the use of a combination of systemic steroids (p=0.010). From the logistic regression test, it was found that the factors that most influenced the results of intratympanic corticosteroid injection therapy were young age 18-40 years (p=0.016) with (OR) 6.654 (CI95% 1.418-31.222) and therapy onset less than two weeks (p=0.027) with (OR) 3.108 (95% CI 1.134-8.515).Conclusions. The factors associated with the improvement in the outcome of intratympanic corticosteroid injection therapy in patients with sudden hearing loss were patient age and early onset of therapy.
The Effects of Motivation, Leadership, and Work Environment on Employee's Performance: A Case of Local Government Agency in Emerging Country
Authors: Shantini Rumbi  , Ferdinandus Christian  , Suparti
Published: June 2021

The performance of the Yapen Island Regency's Agriculture and Food Security Agency, as the responsible local government agency in developing the local agriculture sector, is still far from optimal, as seen from the decrease in its budget absorption. This study aims to determine and analyze the influences of work motivation, leadership, and work environment on employee performance at the mentioned local government agency. This quantitative research used a survey employing a questionnaire as a research instrument. Of 108 public officers became the sample. Multiple regression tests analyzed data with the help of SPSS software. The results showed that 1) there was a significant influence of motivation on employee performance, 2) there was a significant effect of leadership on employee performance, 3) there was a significant effect of the work environment on employee performance, and 4) motivation was the most dominant factor in affecting employee performance at the observed local government agency.
PENGEMBANGAN LEMBAR KERJA PESERTA DIDIK (LKPD) FLUIDA STATIS DENGAN SCIENTIFIC APPROACH UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA SMAN KOTA BENGKULU
Authors: Sari Rensi Purnama , Sakti Indra , Hamdani Dedy
Published: June 2021

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) Fluida Statis dengan Scientific Approach untuk meningkatkan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Siswa SMAN Kota Bengkulu. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian pengembangan (Research and Development) dengan tipe rancangan level 1 yang terdiri dari 5 tahapan, yaitu: 1) potensi dan masalah 2) studi literatur dan pengumpulan informasi 3) desain produk 4) validasi desain 5) desain teruji. Validasi desain dilakukan oleh 2 judgement ahli dan 2 praktisi untuk menilai produk yang dikembangkan dari aspek kelayakan isi, penggunaan bahasa, penyajian dan kegrafisan. Berdasarkan hasil uji validitas aspek kelayakan isi 87,5% dengan kategori sangat baik, aspek penggunaan bahasa didapatkan hasil persentase sebesar 83,4% dengan kategori sangat baik, aspek penyajian sebesar 89,1% dengan kategori sangat baik dan aspek kegrafisan sebesar 93,8% dengan kategori sangat baik. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa LKPD fluida statis dengan scientific approach untuk meningkatkan Keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa SMAN kota Bengkulu yang dikembangkan sudah valid dan merupakan desain teruji dengan persentase total uji validitas yaitu 88,5% yang termasuk dalam kategori sangat baik.Kata Kunci: LKPD, scientific approach, keterampilan Berpikir Kritis.ABSTRACTThis research was aimed to made the static fluid of student worksheet with the scientific approach to increase the critical thinking skill of the public high school student in Bengkulu. The research type was the Research and Development type that was the designed type was level 1 divided into five steps that is 1) a potency and problem, 2) literature study and information collecting, 3) a product design, 4) a design validation, 5) a design proved. The design validation was conducted by two judgments and two practitioners to test a product that developed both content appropriateness, the use of language, presentation, and graphics. Based on the  result of the validation test, the content appropriateness aspect got 87,5% (very well), the presentation aspect got  89,1% (very well),  the graphic aspect got 93,8% (very well). Based on that result, it could be concluded that the static fluid of student worksheets with the scientific approach to increasing the critical thinking skill of the public high school student in Bengkulu that developed has valid and proved with the total percentage test got 88,5% (very well).Keyword: The static fluid of student worksheet, scientific approach, critical thinking skill.
PENGEMBANGAN PERANGKAT PEMBELAJARAN MODEL DEBAT AKTIF PADA MATERI PEMANASAN GLOBAL UNTUK SISWA KELAS XI SMA
Authors: Deka Okta Ariesan , Nirwana Nirwana , Rohadi Nyoman
Published: June 2021

ABSTRAK Berdasarkan hasil obesrvasi yang dilakukan disekolah, perangkat pembelajaran yang digunakan guru belum tersusun dengan baik dan belum menggunakan instrumen penilaian yang sesuai dengan model pembelajran yang digunakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan perangkat pembelajaran model debat aktif pada materi pemanasan global untuk kelas XI SMA. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian research and development dengan model  Sugiyono Level 1. Adapun tahapan-tahapan yaitu potensi dan masalah, studi literatur dan pengumpulan informasi, desain produk, validasi desain dan perbaikan desain. Validasi produk dilakukan oleh 3 ahli yang ditinjau dari 3 aspek yaitu  aspek penyajian, aspek isi  dan aspek kebahasaan. Berdasarkan hasil uji validasi aspek penyajian didapatkan persentase sebesar 75,5%  dengan kategori valid, aspek isi didapatkan persentase sebesar 81,6% dengan kategori sangat valid, aspek kebahasaan didapatkan persentase sebesar 83,3% dengan kategori sangat valid. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa perangkat pembelajaran model debat aktif pada materi pemanasan global untuk kelas XI SMA yang dihasilkan sudah valid/layak untuk diujicobakan dengan persentase rata-rata sebesar 80,13%.Kata kunci : Perangkat Pembelajaran, Debat Aktif, Berpikir Kritis, Berargumentasi ABSTRACT Based on the results of observation carried out in school, the learning tools used by teachers were not well structured and did not use assessment instruments that are in accordance with the learning model used. This study aimd to produced an active debate model of learning tools on the subject of global warming for high school class XI. This research used research and development method with Sugiyono Level 1 model. The stages were potential and problems, literature study and information gathering, product design, design validation and design improvement. Product validation was carried out by 3 experts reviewed from 3 aspects namely presentation, content and linguistic aspects. Based on the results of the validation test of the presentation aspect obtained a percentage of 75.5% with a valid category, the content aspect obtained a percentage of 81.6% with a very valid category, the linguistic aspect obtained a percentage of 83.3% with a very valid category. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the active debate model of learning tools on the matter of global warming for high school class XI produced is valid / feasible to be tested with an average percentage of 80.13%.Keywords : Learning Tools, Active Debate, Critical Thinking, Arguing
PENGEMBANGAN PERANGKAT PEMBELAJARAN MODEL COOPERATIVE PROBLEM SOLVING UNTUK MELATIHKAN KETERAMPILAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH SISWA
Authors: Sari Irma Permata , Sutarno Sutarno , Swistoro Eko
Published: June 2021

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini yang bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kelayakan dan karakteristik perangkat pembelajaran model cooperative problem solving untuk melatihkan keterampilan pemecahan masalah siswa pada materi momentum dan impuls. Model pengembangan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah model pengembangan 4D, yaitu define, design, develop dan disseminate namun hanya dilakukan sampai tahap develop. Validasi dilakukan oleh 3 judgement ahli untuk menilai produk yang dikembangkan. Kelayakan perangkat pembelajaran ini menurut nilai rata-rata hasil uji validasi ahli yaitu kelayakan RPP adalah 89% dalam kategori sangat layak, kelayakan LKS 91% dalam kategori sangat layak dan kelayakan soal tes 89% dalam kategori sangat layak dengan nilai rata-rata keseluruhan 90% dalam kategori sangat layak sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa perangkat pembelajaran yang dikembangkan sudah layak, dengan karakteristik perangkat pembelajaran antara lain: RPP menggunakan langkah-langkah kegiatan pembelajaran model cooperative problem solving, LKS yang berisi kegiatan praktikum dengan langkah-langkah penyelesaian masalah yang bertujuan melatihkan keterampilan pemecahan masalah siswa dan soal tes beserta jawaban atau penyelesaian soal yang melatihkan keterampilan pemecahan masalah siswa.Kata kunci: penelitian dan pengembangan, perangkat pembelajaran, cooperative problem solving, keterampilan pemecahan masalahABSTRACTThe research aimed to describe the feasibility and characteristics of a cooperative problem solving model of learning tools to train students' problem solving skills in momentum and impulse material. The development model used in this research is the 4D development model, namely define, design, develop and disseminate but only done until the develop stage. Validation is carried out by 3 expert judgments to assess the product being developed. The feasibility of this learning device according to the average value of the expert validation test results, namely the feasibility of the RPP is 89% in the very feasible category, the feasibility of the LKS 91% in the very feasible category and the feasibility of the test questions 89% in the very feasible category with an overall average score of 90% in the very feasible category so it can be concluded that the learning tools developed are feasible, with the characteristics of the learning tools, among others: RPP uses the steps of learning activities in the cooperative problem solving model, worksheets containing practicum activities with problem solving steps aimed at practicing solving skills student problems and test questions along with answers or problem solving that practice student problem solving skills.Keywords: Research and development, learning tools, cooperative problem solving, problem solving skills