bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Eldari tick Ixodes eldaricus (Acari: Ixodidae) in Israel: its occurrence, morphometric and biological characteristics
Authors: USPENSKY İgor
Published: January 2021

An isolated population of the Eldari tick Ixodes eldaricus Dzhaparidze was studied in the southernmost part of the tick range (western surroundings of Jerusalem, Israel). Unfed adult and nymphal ticks were active from November through April. Ticks could be collected by flagging only from the grass just above the earth. A bimodal activity pattern was observed for adults with a decline in January characterized by the lowest air temperatures. Nymphal ticks had smaller size of their scutum as compared with specimens from the main part of the range. No mating adults were found during survey but when placed in a tube, males and females were immediately observed in the mating position. No tendency to attack humans or attach to them were registered in the field or in laboratory experiments. While having no apparent epidemiological significance, I. eldaricus deserves attention because of its possible role in epizootiology of rickettsial infections, which are common in the area of the survey.
Estudo da retenção no curso de Bacharelado em Engenharia Civil do IFMG - Campus Piumhi
Authors: Cardoso Henrique Martins , Souza Gabriela Fernandes de Castro , Soares Denilson Junio Marques
Published: January 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar as possíveis causas do elevado índice de retenção em disciplinas elementares dos discentes do curso de Bacharelado em Engenharia Civil do Instituto Federal de Minas Gerais – Campus Piumhi. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva e de abordagem quantiqualitativa que utiliza como fontes dados oriundos da secretaria acadêmica e depoimentos de discentes da instituição. Os resultados apontaram que as deficiências oriundas do ensino básico podem ser a principal responsável pelo mau desempenho de estudantes nas disciplinas analisadas, sugerindo que disciplinas introdutórias desenvolvidas para compensar as deficiências provenientes do ensino básico podem ser um instrumento eficaz para a melhoria do desempenho do universitário e, consequentemente, da qualidade da educação superior. Espera-se que este trabalho contribua para a discussão acerca dessa temática e auxilie os gestores nos processos de tomada de decisão a ela relacionados.
Detection of Cardiac Remolding After Surgical Closure of Ventricular Septal Defect in Children Less Than One Year
Authors:   Pediatric Cardiology department, Maternity and children hospital, El Madina El Menwara, Nabo Manal Mohamed Helmy
Published: January 2021

Background: Cardiac remodeling is an important issue after surgical closure of ventricular septal defect (VSD). Objective: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate cardiac remodeling by echocardiography by measuring the ejection fraction, fractional shortening, left ventricular internal diameter in diastole (LVIDd) and left ventricular internal diameter in systole (LVIDs) after surgical closure of VSD defect in patients less than 1 year. Methodology: This study was conducted in the department of pediatric cardiology, Maternity and Children Hospital (MCH), El Madina El Menwara, Saudi Arebia. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to the age. All patients presented with isolated perimembreanous VSD (PM-VSD) who were surgically treated at the age less than1 year. This study population was divided into 3 groups as group A from (0- 3) months, group B from (3- 6) months and group C from 6 months to 1 year. Echocardiographic variables such as ejection fraction, fractional shortening, LVIDd and LVIDs were taken pre operative and one month post operative in all groups. The echocardiography was repeated three months post operative in group B and group C. Result: A total number of 100 patients were recruited for this study. All the above parameters were normal 1 month after VSD closure in group group A. However, in both group B and group C the follow up echocardiography was indicated. In both groups the time was needed to reach the normal vlues. Conclusion: Cardiac remodeling is an important indicator of the ability of the cardiomyocyte to be changed to the normal shape and dimension. There are many factors that affect the cardiac cell. The presence of preload or afterload causes can result in delay of remodeling. As long as the patient start to take medication for anti failure cause, the suspicion of remodeling will be delayed
Breast Adenophaphy in Clinical Differential with Breast Mass for Case Report Since
Authors:   American Physiological Society, Member, FuDan University Medical School, USA, Wang Yan
Published: January 2021

For a painful period, I experienced a disease since breast mass to Cancinoma till breast adenophaphy diagnosis and recovery; as a doctor of mine in medicine of Neonatology crossing with gynecology and obstetrics I have reviewed the information during disease development that related with the lab analysis, clinical diagnosis and therapy advancement [1-2]. Breast Mass is a one clinical presentation for many breast diseases as varied infection, injury, breast fibrosis, adenosis of disease or cancer; some of the diseases have involved in extensive age and area for female healthy. As usual knowing, female healthy is related with generation, some discussion is valuable to write here for clinical consideration
The Risk of Post-Partum Hemorrhage after Cesarean Section with General versus Spinal/Epidural Anesthesia
Authors:   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt, El-Dakhakhni Raghda Ahmed , Mazny Maram Ibrahim El ,   Department of Anesthesia, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
Published: January 2021

Blood loss of over 40 percent of total blood volume (approx. 2800 ml) is typically considered a’ life danger.’ It seems rational to introduce PPH protocols at an average blood loss far below this level, as the aim of management is to prevent hemorrhage from rising to the point that it is life-threatening Objectives Caesarean anesthetic treatment, which involves general anesthesia and spinal / epidural anesthesia, was seldom examined for the risks associated with postpartum hemorrhage and was focused on only a small number of cases from single hospital data sets. The function of different types of anesthesia in postpartum hemorrhage therefore needs to be further explained. Patients and methods This are a retrospective study on patients complicated by postpartum hemorrhage after cesarean section with history of type of anesthesia used; general or spinal or epidural to improve outcome of cesarean section. We included all women complicated by postpartum hemorrhage after cesarean section and collect data about the anesthesia used during cesarean section and also recorded other risk factors for postpartum hemorrhage if recorded in files in antenatal care sheet and the intraoperative circumstances as recorded in the operative sheet of the patient. Heart rates and blood pressures of patients of both groups were measured before delivery and at 1 min interval for 15 min after injection of oxytocin. Uterine contractility was assessed for both groups at 1,2,4,6,8,10 and 15 min after oxytocin injection. Results Our results showed that the age of the studied group ranged from 18 to 40 years with mean 23.97 years. Regarding parity 44.5% of them had one child and 36.7% of them had two, 42.3% of the studied group had general anesthesia and 57.7% of them had spinal. Also 82.2% of the cases were previous and 17.8% of them were emergent. Conclusion Anesthetic techniques might be affected by the possibility of bleeding or concern. We found that women who have undergone general anesthesia have a higher risk of postpartum hemorrhage compared with women who have received epidural, spinal anesthesia
Autologous Mesenchimal Stem Cell Therapy in Patients with Unexplainable Low Ovarian Response
Authors:   Gynecology and Obstetric Clinic (PRONATAL), Manuel Vargas Hernández Víctor
Published: January 2021

Background: In Mexico there are 17% of women of reproductive age with infertility problems, equivalent to 1.4 million couples who need assisted reproductive techniques; 9 to 24% of these patients present low ovarian response, mainly in women older than 38 years, due to ovarian aging. Objective: To design a human method to administer autologous adipose tissue mesenchymal stem cells directly into the ovaries to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of ovarian rejuvenation and point the way for the development of future therapies. Method and Result: We present a case of a 39-year-old woman, classified as low or suboptimal ovarian response. included in group 2, subgroup 2a, of the Poseidon criteria; to which a human method was designed to administer autologous adipose tissue mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) directly into the ovaries prior to ovarian stimulation; under written informed consent to the patient; It was carried out in a procedure where 14 oocytes were obtained, which were fertilized with donor semen (normozoospermic) and a biopsy was performed of three blastocysts obtained, to carry out a preimplantation genetic study that reported an euploid embryo; This is placed in the mother’s uterus in order to achieve pregnancy and a healthy newborn. Once transferred to the mother, the euploid blastocyst, the human gonadotropin hormone beta subunit test was positive 6572mUI / mL and it was completed, obtaining a male newborn obtained by caesarean section at 39.2 weeks of healthy gestation with adequate evolution. Conclusions: Stem cell therapy obtained from bone marrow is an alternative for women with low ovarian response to achieve pregnancy, by improving the quality of oocytes; it is the first report in Mexico, in women with low idiopathic ovarian response.
The Risk of Post-Partum Hemorrhage after Cesarean Section with General versus Spinal/Epidural Anesthesia
Authors:   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt., El-Dakhakhni Raghda Ahmed
Published: January 2021

Blood loss of over 40 percent of total blood volume (approx. 2800 ml) is typically considered a’ life danger.’ It seems rational to introduce PPH protocols at an average blood loss far below this level, as the aim of management is to prevent hemorrhage from rising to the point that it is life-threatening Objectives Caesarean anesthetic treatment, which involves general anesthesia and spinal / epidural anesthesia, was seldom examined for the risks associated with postpartum hemorrhage and was focused on only a small number of cases from single hospital data sets. The function of different types of anesthesia in postpartum hemorrhage therefore needs to be further explained. Patients and methods This are a retrospective study on patients complicated by postpartum hemorrhage after cesarean section with history of type of anesthesia used; general or spinal or epidural to improve outcome of cesarean section. We included all women complicated by postpartum hemorrhage after cesarean section and collect data about the anesthesia used during cesarean section and also recorded other risk factors for postpartum hemorrhage if recorded in files in antenatal care sheet and the intraoperative circumstances as recorded in the operative sheet of the patient. Heart rates and blood pressures of patients of both groups were measured before delivery and at 1 min interval for 15 min after injection of oxytocin. Uterine contractility was assessed for both groups at 1,2,4,6,8,10 and 15 min after oxytocin injection. Results Our results showed that the age of the studied group ranged from 18 to 40 years with mean 23.97 years. Regarding parity 44.5% of them had one child and 36.7% of them had two, 42.3% of the studied group had general anesthesia and 57.7% of them had spinal. Also 82.2% of the cases were previous and 17.8% of them were emergent. Conclusion Anesthetic techniques might be affected by the possibility of bleeding or concern. We found that women who have undergone general anesthesia have a higher risk of postpartum hemorrhage compared with women who have received epidural, spinal anesthesia.
Autologous Mesenchimal Stem Cell Therapy in Patients with Unexplainable Low Ovarian Response
Authors:   Research Department, Immunobiology Laboratory, Hospital Juárez de México, Víctor Manuel Vargas Hernández , Estuardo Lujan Irastorza Jesús ,   1 Gynecology and Obstetric Clinic (PRONATAL)
Published: January 2021

Background: In Mexico there are 17% of women of reproductive age with infertility problems, equivalent to 1.4 million couples who need assisted reproductive techniques; 9 to 24% of these patients present low ovarian response, mainly in women older than 38 years, due to ovarian aging. Objective: To design a human method to administer autologous adipose tissue mesenchymal stem cells directly into the ovaries to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of ovarian rejuvenation and point the way for the development of future therapies. Method and Result: We present a case of a 39-year-old woman, classified as low or suboptimal ovarian response. included in group 2, subgroup 2a, of the Poseidon criteria; to which a human method was designed to administer autologous adipose tissue mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) directly into the ovaries prior to ovarian stimulation; under written informed consent to the patient; It was carried out in a procedure where 14 oocytes were obtained, which were fertilized with donor semen (normozoospermic) and a biopsy was performed of three blastocysts obtained, to carry out a preimplantation genetic study that reported an euploid embryo; This is placed in the mother’s uterus in order to achieve pregnancy and a healthy newborn. Once transferred to the mother, the euploid blastocyst, the human gonadotropin hormone beta subunit test was positive 6572mUI / mL and it was completed, obtaining a male newborn obtained by caesarean section at 39.2 weeks of healthy gestation with adequate evolution. Conclusions: Stem cell therapy obtained from bone marrow is an alternative for women with low ovarian response to achieve pregnancy, by improving the quality of oocytes; it is the first report in Mexico, in women with low idiopathic ovarian response.
A Mature Cyst Teratoma with Malignant Transformation in Squamous Cell Carcinoma Presenting Like a Sigmoid Fistula: A Case Report of a Rare Differential Diagnosis of a Giant Colonic Diverticulum
Authors:   Department of Digestive Surgery. Hôpital Européen, 6, rue Désirée-Clary, 13003, Marseille, France, CAMERLO Antoine , Marie Lysa ,   Department of Digestive Surgery. Hôpital Européen, 6, rue Désirée-Clary, 13003, Marseille, France, Fara Régis ,   Department of Digestive Surgery. Hôpital Européen, 6, rue Désirée-Clary, 13003, Marseille, France
Published: January 2021

Mature cystic teratoma is the most common form of ovarian germ cell tumor. Mature cystic teratoma is a benign tumor, mainly diagnosed in young women, with non-specific symptoms. However, the risk of malignant transformation exists (1-2%). Squamous cell carcinoma is the most frequently encountered histological form. Giant colonic diverticulum is a rare complication of diverticular disease, characterized by a diverticulum larger than 4 cm which can sometimes be confused with other digestive pathologies (appendicitis, small bowel perforation ...). We report a case of an ovarian squamous cell carcinoma arising from a mature cystic teratoma, presenting like a sigmoid fistula, with an initial doubt with the diagnosis of a giant colonic diverticulum. A 68-year-old woman was admitted for chronic hypogastric abdominal pain with a doubt concerning the diagnosis between a mature cystic teratoma and a giant colonic diverticulum. A computed tomography scan was performed revealing a perisigmoid cyst with hydro-aeric level in favor of a giant colonic diverticulum. The pelvic MRI rather suggested a left ovarian cyst, fistulated in the sigmoid colon. Finally, the colonoscopy confirmed this hypothesis with the visualization of a sigmoid fistula located 15cm from the anal margin in connection with a cavity containing hairs. Biopsies revealed a squamous cell carcinoma. After a negative extension assessment, a posterior pelvectomy was performed with pelvic and lumbo-aortic lymph node dissection. The pathological diagnosis was an ovarian pT4N1R0 squamous cell carcinoma. An adjuvant chemotherapy is still in progress.
Robotic-assisted laparoscopic Myomectomy: One Surgeon Experience
Authors:   king Abdulaziz medical city –riyadh, Felemban Afaf , Alzaheani Monira ,   king Abdulaziz medical city –riyadh, alghtani Nourh ,   Nourh alghtani, king Abdulaziz medical city –riyadh
Published: January 2021

Objective: Conventional laparoscopic myomectomy (LM) has inherent limitations due to its rigid structure. The robotic system is a newly developed technology equipped with a flexible EndoWrist that offers good performance in delicate motions. Our objective was to share our clinical experience in the management robotic myomectomy. Materials and Methods: From 2009 to 2018, 42 patients with symptomatic uterine myomas were evaluated who underwent robotic myomectomy. We recorded and analyzed the preoperative characteristics of the patients and the fibroids, the detailed surgical time, and several postoperative outcomes to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of robotic-assisted LM (RALM) myomectomy. Results: A total of 42 patients were enrolled in this study. The median age of the patients was 37 years and the mean size of the largest fibroid was 20 *17 cm. RALM achieved satisfactory results, including a short postoperative hospital stay 3 days), no cases required laparotomy, and a low complication rate (… case in 42 patients, %). The average estimated blood loss was 100 mL. Conclusion: Our study results demonstrated that RALM is a safe and effective method for handling myomectomy, operative time can be improved in experts hands.
The Value of Magnesium Sulfate in the Pre-Hospital Phase of the Management of Eclampsia
Authors:   Resuscitation anesthesia department, Souissi Maternity, Med V Rabat University, Morocco, Smiti Yassine , Lamarti Yousra ,   Resuscitation anesthesia department, Souissi Maternity, Med V Rabat University, Morocco, Adnane Hniad ,   Resuscitation anesthesia department, Souissi Maternity, Med V Rabat University, Morocco
Published: January 2021

Eclampsia is a very serious complication of pregnancy, its occurrence is responsible of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study is to clarify the value of Magnesium Sulfate in the prevention of convulsive state and in the choice of anesthetic technique for cesarean section during eclampsia. We realized a prospective descriptive, analytical and comparative study over a period of 5 months, concerning a series of 49 pregnant women admitted to the anesthesia-intensive care unit of the Souissi Maternity Hospital in Rabat, with eclampsia. The diagnosis of eclampsia was made due to the occurrence of convulsive seizure (s) linked to pregnancy-induced hypertension. It was found that eclampsia mainly affected young women (age less than or equal to 25 years) with a percentage of 57.3%. The majority of patients were first-time mothers (55.1%). This condition manifests itself most often in the last trimester of pregnancy (72.9%), especially in pre-partum. The majority of patients did not receive an antenatal consultation. The treatment of choice in our study was magnesium sulfate. So, 51% of patients had not received magnesium sulfate before their admission to our hospital and 56% of them had had more than one seizure. And the 49% of patients, on the other hand, had received magnesium sulfate and only 18% of them had had the seizure again. Our obstetric attitude was based on immediate delivery with a caesarean section. 34.5% cesarean sections were performed under general anesthesia, compared with 65.5% under spinal anesthesia. The fetus morbidity was mainly represented by prematurity (30.6%) and neonatal distress (28.5%). The prognosis of eclampsia remains bleak both for the mother with a maternal mortality rate of 4%, and for the fetus with a perinatal mortality rate of 16.3%.
Effect of Moisture on The Mechanical Properties Of Rhecktophyllum Camerunense Natural Fiber Plaster Composites
Authors:   Laboratory of Mechanic, University of Douala Cameroon, Boris Noutegomo
Published: January 2021

The aim of this work focuses on the study of effect of moisture on the mechanical properties of natural fiber composite (NFC) plaster/Rhecktophyllum camerunense (RC). Indeed, the treated and untreated RC fiber reinforced plaster composites are fabricated and submitted to hygrothermal ageing in an environmental enclosure of 23%, 54% and 75% relative humidities at 23°C. Flexural test was carryout under a threepoint bending approach to NF EN 6583 standard. Five specimens were tested for each case. the results indicate that the flexural properties of all the composites decreased with the increasing of moisture due to degradation of the fiber matrix interface.
Trapeze Flap for Correction of Post Burn Finger Flexion Contractures
Authors:   Assistant Prof. in plastic surgery Head of plastic surgery unit, Fattah Jalal Hamasalih
Published: January 2021

Background and Objective: Scar flexion contractures of the fingers are a significant complication of burns of the hand, and they are a common cause of hand disability. Many reconstructive techniques are currently used however: the results are unsatisfactory in many of them. The objective is to evaluate the Trapeze flap for correction of post burn finger flexion contractures
A New Effective Approach to the Hip (for Old Unreduced Dislocation)
Authors:   Senior Consultant Surgeon of Saigon International Traumatology Orthopedics Hospital, HoChiMinh City, Vietnam, Phúc Lê
Published: January 2021

In Vietnam, Incidence of Old Unreduced Hip Dislocation may account for up to 20%. Old Dislocation is defined as older than 3 weeks not relocated. Inside the dislocated hip, develop many inflammatory tissues such as granulation, fibrous with injured a surrounding structure (capsule, ligaments, tendons, bony pieces etc...) which filled up the acetabulum, prevents the head to be relocated. Over effort to reduce closely an old hip dislocation risks fracture of neck or trochanteric femur. In this case, open reduction is almost mandatory. There are many approaches to access and relocate a dislocated hip, we propose a new one which enables surgeon to expose the acetabulum, to liberate the femoral head, reconstruct the defect of acetabulum and /or femoral head and relocate the hip. Skin incision in shape of S for the left hip, in shape of Z for the right hip, from iliac wing to trochanter, then along the femoral shaft. Figure1 Follow strictly on the bone of lateral iliac wing, go posteriorly will find out the acetabulum; determine the anterior border of Gluteus Medius, dissect the muscles toward greater trochanter, and get complete exposure of operative field. Femoral head is found out & liberated from surrounding tissue. Clear up the acetabulum, reconstruct the bony lesions. Relocate the femoral head in acetabulum, and stabilize with a K-wire. The hip is often immobilized with a Spica casting for > 3 weeks.
Double-Hump Camel Sign: A Pathognomonic Manifestation of Pseudarthrosis of Patella
Authors:   Senior Consultant Surgeon of Saigon International Traumatology Orthopedics Hospital, HoChiMinh City, Vietnam, Phúc Lê
Published: January 2021

Pseudarthrosis is a rare complication of patella fracture. An orthopedic surgeon may have less than 10 cases in life career. When two patellar fragments are in status of gap displacement, the pseudarthrosis can be recognized by Double-hump Camel Sign. Patient’s knee is observed from lateral view. The gap between two fragments constitutes an image of double-hump camel. During knee flexion the gap becomes bigger, while knee extension the gap smaller. Figure 1. Double-hump Camel Sign is pathognomonic for the pseudarthrosis of patella
Anesthesia Management of Emergent Sternotomy for Acute Cardiac Tamponade in a Pediatric Hematopoietic Stem Cells Recipient
Authors:   Clinical Fellow, Department of Pediatric Anesthesiology, SUNY at Buffalo, Sivakumar Sengottaian , Watt Stacey ,   Program Director, Anesthesia Residency & Pediatric Anesthesia Fellowship, SUNY at Buffalo, Eckler Justin ,   Clinical Instructor of Anesthesiology, SUNY at Buffalo
Published: January 2021

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the infusion of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells to reconstitute the bone marrow. Due to the long-term consequences of HSCT, anesthetic management of these patients could be complicated. Here the authors describe the clinical features and management of a hemopoietic stem cell recipient with a systemic form of GVHD, who presented with cardiac tamponade due to right ventricular injury, after pericardiocentesis for a severe pericardial effusion, which led to bedside pericardial window and sternotomy with multiple cardiac arrests in the operating room
Genetic reprogramming of cord blood derived endothelial colony forming cells towards human induced pluripotent stem cells using episomal plasmids
Authors: Osama Shahid  , Sumbul Shamim  , Jahan ara Ainuddin  , Mohsin Wahid
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to isolate human umbilical cord blood derived endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs) followed by their integration free reprogramming towards induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and molecular characterization of both cell types using multicolor flowcytometery and immunofluorescence respectively.
Methods: The cord blood was collected from 37-39 weeks of gestational ages after C-section ex-utero from Dow University Hospital. The ECFCs isolated after ficoll based separation of cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMNCs) which on emergence characterized through flow cytometry and reprogrammed towards induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) using episomal vectors, the iPSCs were characterized using immunofluorescence. The study was conducted at Stem Cells and Regenerative lab, Dow Research Institute of Biotechnology and Biomedical Sciences, Dow University of health sciences OJHA campus. The study time duration was about one year (October 2017-October 2018), study design was in vitro experimental. The sample size of the study was n=3.
 
Results: The isolated ECFCs were evaluated using Flowcytometery which showed positive expression for CD31, CD34, CD146 cell surface markers and negative for CD90. The successful reprogramming of ECFCs towards iPSCs was confirmed by immunofluorescence using OCT-4 which is considered to be a master regulator of pluripotency. 
Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge this study was the first attempt to integration free reprogramming of cord blood derived endothelial colony forming cells towards induced pluripotent stem using Episomal plasmids. Cells that have been isolated from cord blood and those that have been reprogrammed both have potential therapeutic applications in regenerative medicine.
Continuous...
Egy-két gondolat a vitaindító nyomán
Authors: Bányai József
Published: January 2021

The future of the Romanian−Hungarian relationship is particularly topical in the light of the last hundred years. The importance of language skills, the factual presentation of autonomy, our openness to other minority groups, and our own community activism, regardless of election cycles, cannot be overemphasized.
Az „otthonossághoz való jog” mint a kisebbségi létparadoxon jogi feloldása
Authors: Bethlendi András
Published: January 2021

In my study, I explore the logical self-contradictions stemming from the legal category of the national minority and argue that the minority rights that create this category are unsuitable for resolving the fundamental existential paradox of minority status. Similarly to Sándor Makkai, I see the minority paradox in the lack of homeliness of the physical home. In my view, homeliness as a measure of social defaultness is a function of the consensus prevailing in society and thus is related to the legal order of the state hosting the minority. To resolve this existential paradox of ethnic Hungarians in Transylvania, I find it necessary to recognize the right to homeliness, which entails stepping out from the paradigm of minority rights.
A simile… A román–magyar viszony és tanulságai az alkotmányjog-történet tükrében
Authors: Fazakas Zoltán József
Published: January 2021

The study undertakes to clarify some basic issues that have been erroneously recorded in the public consciousness, to make a kind of confrontation in order to take the initial steps of improving the Romanian−Hungarian relationship. In order to achieve the above goal and basic thesis, it is a primary task to illuminate and banish the mistakes and myths recorded in the public consciousness from both sides. In this context, it is revealed that neither the topos of the “millennial Hungarian oppression” simplified to the extreme nor the thesis of the “slow − anti-Hungarian − Romanian national occupation” can be held. In the interest of constructive dialogue, it is worth returning to the position that prevailed in the Hungarian reform era, and even at the time of the unification of the Romanian states, according to which the interdependence and commonality of destiny of the two peoples is a real and common path. To this end, the study uses legal history to present the original meaning of nationalism, the majority and minority arguments made during the drafting of the Hungarian Nationality Act of 1868, the models that can be interpreted in the majority−minority relationship, and the relationship of the two states to these models then and in the present day. In this context, the constitutional conceptions of Hungary and Romania are analysed in connection with the minority issue with the intention to prove the legitimacy of the needs of the Hungarian minority. The basic premise of the study in this area is that if a minority demand was legitimate from the Hungarian side within the Hungarian state, then the argumentum a simile from the Hungarian side is necessarily legitimate within the Romanian state.
Goal Setting in Masters Sport An Autoethnography of a Masters Kettlebell Athlete and Coach
Authors: Eagles Kimberley , Callary Bettina
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this paper is to describe the nuances of goal setting in coached Masters sport from the perspective of a Masters athlete (MA) who is also a Masters coach. Thus, this paper is an autoethnography of how the first author’s experience in goal setting plays out as a MA with an online coach, and as a coach, coaching other MAs in-person. Data were collected through a series of guided reflexive journal entries, prompted by follow up questions from the second author to create narrative visibility. Journal entries were analyzed to determine what, when, where, how, and why the first author uses goal setting. In Masters sport, goals are set using many of the same principles described in the literature from different sport contexts; however, this autoethnography indicates that it is important for goal setting to originate from the MA to account for individual motives, and then to be communicated with, negotiated by, and supported from the coach with an interdependent, adult-oriented approach.
O efeito de jogos reduzidos de futsal no comportamento tático de iniciantes
Authors: Rigon Thiago , Pacheco Reinaldo , Dantas Luiz , Drezner Rene , Tsukamoto Mariana
Published: January 2021

The study aimed to investigate the effect of small-sided games of futsal on the offensive tactical behavior (actions) of beginning players. Five games (2x1a, 2x1b, 2x2, 3x3 and 4x2) that suffered manipulations related to pass restriction between offensive players, pitch´s size, numerical conditions and combination of numerical settings were applied. A sample of 59 players participated in the research, aged between 9 and 12 years old, school level. A tool built exclusively for the study analyzed 6155 offensive actions of players with and without the ball. The results show that the frequency of actions in each game format showed statistically significant differences (p <0.05) related to: direction for rebound, movement, creation of pass line, clearing, opening of space, control of the ball, pass, score attempts, duel (1x1) and driving. It indicates that the manipulation of the structures of small-sided games can serve different pedagogical purposes.
Uso de la ecografía en tiempo estático para la punción lumbar
Authors: Romero Ledezma Karla Pamela
Published: January 2021

La ecografía es una herramienta de gran ayuda en medicina,  rápido, tecnología portátil y segura. Así por ejemplo realización de la punción lumbar (accesos vasculares y bloqueos regionales) para la obtención de líquido cefalorraquídeo por médicos de emergencia y anestesiólogos, etc. Como ventajas tenemos: disminución del número de punciones lumbares, satisfacción del paciente. Es una alternativa en pacientes con alta probabilidad de punción lumbar difícil como por ejemplo: pacientes obesos, pacientes con edema, con antecedentes de cirugía columna previa, escoliosis. En el presente artículo tiene como objetivo brindar información sobre la utilidad de la ecografía en la punción lumbar en adultos y la obtención del líquido cefalorraquídeo.  Proponer una abordaje metódico para puncion lumbar y el bloqueo neuroaxial en tiempo estático por ecografía de la columna lumbar del adulto. Se realizó la búsqueda de la bibliografía de revistas académicas de medicina y anestesiología disponibles en base de datos confiables.
Leiomioma celular gigante con degeneración roja, hidrópica y quística: reporte de un caso
Authors: Lopez Ovando Nicol , Ferrufino Navia Gilberto , Guardia Bilbao Roberto , Arce Morales Luis Antonio
Published: January 2021

Los miomas uterinos son neoplasias bastante comunes, se clasifican según su localización en el miometrio; subseroso, intramural, transmural y submucoso. A su vez existen diferentes variantes morfológicas y cambios degenerativos que son un fenómeno frecuente en los miomas, especialmente entre mayor tamaño tenga éste: como la apoplejía, atrofia, hialinización, degeneración roja, quística, calcificación periférica, necrosis, degeneración hidrópica y la degeneración maligna o sarcomatosa.  Se expone el caso de una paciente de 53 años sometida a una laparotomía donde se identificó una masa tumoral de 8150 gramos, que dio como resultado anatomopatológico un leiomioma gigante con 3 diversos tipos de degeneración: roja, hidrópica y quística. Se informa este caso por la rareza en su conformación y debido a la falta de reportes en la literatura mundial, siendo este el primer caso presentando y permitiendo realizar algunos comentarios sobre la patología.
Secuencia de perfusión arterial reversa gemelar (TRAP). Reporte de caso clínico de manejo expectante
Authors: Maita Quispe Freddy , Alí Reynaldo , Valdivieso Luis
Published: January 2021

RESUMEN

TRAP describe la perfusión crónica de un gemelo "acardíaco" por un gemelo "de bomba" a través de canales vasculares entrelazados permeables.

La secuencia TRAP ocurre en 1 de cada 35.000 nacimientos o en 1 de cada 100 pares de gemelos monocigóticos. Se diagnostica mediante los hallazgos ecográficos de un feto de desarrollo normal y una masa amorfa con frecuencia con partes fetales perceptibles. El Doppler color revela el flujo sanguíneo reverso hacia el gemelo acardíaco dentro de la arteria umbilical lo que lleva a las complicaciones típicas del cuadro. El manejo expectante es razonable en ausencia de características pronósticas deficientes.

El propósito de este artículo es revisar los aspectos básicos y el estado actual de esta condición, haciendo énfasis en el diagnóstico y el manejo expectante.
Diferencias de género en la interacción entre consumo de tabaco y alcohol con la presión arterial elevada.
Authors: Mamani Ortiz Yercin , Luizaga Lopez Marcela Jenny , Armaza Céspedes Ada Ximena , Illanes Velarde Daniel Elving
Published: January 2021

En diferentes regiones de Latinoamérica la infección por T. cruzi y Leishmania se superponen, por lo cual se reportan infecciones mixtas circulantes, debido a esto; deben realizarse pruebas diagnósticas específicas para evitar reacciones cruzadas entre estas dos patologías. Objetivo: Determinar patrones de fluorescencia que permitan la diferenciación entre Leishmaniasis, enfermedad de Chagas e infección mixta empleando epimastigotes de T. cruzi. Metodología: Se empleó la técnica de Inmunofluorescencia Indirecta utilizando epimastigotes de T. cruzi (TcV autóctono) como antígeno figurado frente a un panel de muestras de suero codificados como A, B, C y D correspondientes a pacientes con infección por: Leishmaniasis (A), Infección mixta por Leishmania y Chagas(B), Enfermedad de Chagas (C) y sin ninguna de las dos infecciones (D). Resultados: En los cuatro paneles de muestras se observaron diferentes patrones de intensidad de fluorescencia a nivel de membrana y núcleo de los epimastigotes de T. cruzi (TcV autóctono). Conclusiones: La técnica de Inmunofluorescencia (IFI) con antígenos de epimastigotes de T. cruzi a demostrado utilidad en la diferenciación entre enfermedad de Chagas, Leishmaniasis y/o infecciones mixtas por ambos parásitos en aquellas zonas donde la coexistencia de ambas es habitual.
Utilidad del tiempo de protrombina y el tiempo parcial de tromboplastina activada en la valoración preoperatoria de la hemostasia en pediatría
Authors: Copana Olmos Raúl , Peralta Caballero Mauricio , Unzueta Quiroga Roberto , Carpio Deheza Gonzalo
Published: January 2021

Para evaluar la hemostasia preoperatoriamente una historia clínica y examen físico dirigidos están indicados, siendo el uso de pruebas de coagulación recomendados solo cuando existe alguna indicación, y no de rutina ; El presente estudio pretende conocer la utilidad del TP y APTT en la valoración preoperatorio de coagulopatías en cirugías programadas menores y ambulatorias. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio prospectivo, observacional en un hospital quirúrgico terciario; seleccionamos pacientes sometidos a procedimientos menores y ambulatorio, excluyendo aquellos con comorbilidades, riesgo quirúrgico de sangrado alto o con medicación que interfiera con la coagulación. Resultados: Se reclutaron 69 pacientes, se aplicó la historia clínica y el examen físico dirigido identificando 1 paciente sospechoso de trastorno de coagulación (posteriormente descartado); Se realizaron 218 exámenes complementarios: 69 rutinarios (TP, APTT, hemograma) y 149 no rutinarios (Indicados de forma arbitraria), obteniendo valores medios en rangos normales y no pudiendo identificar o descartar trastornos de coagulación con ellos, pero observando un 21% (15 casos) resultados anormales, lo que adicionalmente ocasiono conductas para confirmar o corregir estos valores, que van desde repetir la prueba a transfundir hemoderivados; generando un costo promedio global de 102 Bs. por paciente, sin un beneficio o cambio en la conducta clínica o quirúrgica, Conclusiónes: El estudio estableció que las pruebas rutinarias de screening preoperatorio tienen poca utilidad y son poco  costo-beneficiosas en la valoración de la hemostasia para procedimientos menores o ambulatorios, en comparación de una historia clínica y examen físico dirigido; siendo apropiada su indicación cuando existan hallazgos anormales en el examen físico e historia clínicao en base a enfermedades concomitantes.
Terapia endoscópica combinada en hemorragia diverticular de colon
Authors: Jaldin Alvarez Daniel
Published: January 2021

La hemorragia diverticular es la causa más frecuente de hemorragia digestiva baja.  La hemorragia es abrupta, indolora, abundante.

La mayoría de los divertículos que sangran se localizan en el lado derecho, este sangrado se autolimita hasta en un 80% de los casos. Cuando no se autolimita su manejo puede llegar a ser complejo. El manejo de estos sangrados, pueden variar desde conservador, endoscópico, arteriografía más embolización y el quirúrgico.  Entre las alternativas de manejo endoscópico, tenemos la terapia de inyección, la térmica, hemoclips, ligadura con banda. El presente caso es de un paciente con hemorragia diverticular en el que se realizó terapia endoscopica combinada, infiltración de adrenalina, aplicación indirecta de hemoclips y aplicación tópica de ácido tranexámico que es un antifibrinolítico.
Dexmedetomidina en anestesia espinal para cesárea
Authors: Alegre Andrade Patricia
Published: January 2021

Dexmedetomidina un alfa-agonista, de amplio uso y popular nivel mundial, que poco conocimiento se tiene sobre su uso de forma intratecal en la población boliviana, de manera especial en pacientes obstétricas.
Objetivos:  Evaluar el efecto de la dexmedetomidina intratecal en pacientes sometidas a cesárea bajo anestesia regional raquídea y observar los efectos secundarios del medicamento.
Métodos:  Eensayo clínico aleatorizado y simple ciego. En 3 grupos de 41 pacientes que cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Grupo B (bupivacaina + fentanil); grupo D2 (bupivacaina + fentanil+ dexmedetomidina 2 µg) y grupo B3 (bupivacaina + fentanil+ dexmedetomidina 3 µg).  Análisis estadístico: se realizó en SPSS® 25 y Microsoft Excel® 2016. Con un nivel de confianza del 95 % y margen de error del 13 %.
Resultados:  Duración del bloqueo motor fue de 106,5 ± 16 minutos en el grupo B; 142,3 ± 28,2 minutos en el grupo D2 y 145,6 ± 16,7 minutos en el grupo D3. Siendo significativo entre los grupos de estudio (valor p < 0,000). PAM con significancia estadística antes y después del nacimiento. Frecuencia cardiaca significativo a los 15, 30 y 45 minutos (valor p < 0,000; 0,001; 0,004; 0,000 y 0,002). Etilefrina en el grupo B fue de 3,44 ± 1,8 ml; para el grupo D3 fue de 1,8 ± 2,7 ml y grupo D2 fue de 0,85 ± 1,6 ml
Conclusiones:  mejor estabilidad hemodinámica con 2 µg dexmedetomidina, menor incidencia de hipotensión, uso de vasopresores, las complicaciones escasas y un excelente estado de sedación materna.
Hydrogen Entry into Steel Under Corrosion Products
Authors: Rudomilova Darya , Prošek Tomáš , Ström Mats
Published: January 2021

Hydrogen entry into high-strength steel after local sodium chloride predeposition and during exposure to humid air was studied using scanning Kelvin probe. Two regions with different pH, potential, and red rust composition were formed on the corroding side of the specimen. Hydrogen permeating through the specimen was detected over the region with the net cathodic character, which was linked to oxygen reduction taking place on top and within the red rust layer whereas anodic dissolution progressed inside the rust covered pits creating conditions favorable for formation of hydrogen ions. No measurable hydrogen entry was detected in the area covered with an apparently homogeneous layer of corrosion products and corroding uniformly. The finding that corrosion pits were the main source of atomic hydrogen implies that the susceptibility of high-strength steels to pitting corrosion is an important parameter for evaluation of the risk of hydrogen embrittlement under atmospheric conditions.
Nueva versión en Windows del sistema AUDIX para la evaluación objetiva de la audición
Authors: Torres Alejandro , Pérez María Cecilia , De Armas Jorge Luis , Eimil Eduardo , Savío Guillermo , Muxo Vanesa , Martín Vivian
Published: January 2021

El presente trabajo describe una nueva versión del sistema AUDIX, diseñada como una estación de trabajo informatizada, para la audiometría objetiva y subjetiva. El sistema, esta integrado por un ordenador (PC) con una serie de programas de cómputo (“software”) el cual se conecta mediante una interfaz universal (universal serial bus USB) con un bloque electrónico especializado (“hardware”). El bloque electrónico tiene dos amplificadores bioeléctricos y un estimulador acústico digital totalmente programable con dos canales independientes. Esto permite generar de manera simultánea por ambos oídos, estímulos complejos diferentes (mezcla de tonos modulados en amplitud). Los estímulos acústicos pueden ser presentados a través de audiófonos (suprauriculares o de inserción), vibrador óseo y/o altavoces. El software programado sobre una plataforma Windows, tiene 5 módulos diferentes para la adquisición y análisis de PEA transientes y de estado estable, audiometría conductual, administración de base de datos y calibración. La base de datos del sistema permite almacenar, borrar, extraer, crear y realizar copias de respaldo. Durante la adquisición de los PEA se utilizan diferentes métodos estadísticos como indicadores para la detección objetiva de las respuestas. Puede visualizarse en forma concurrente la actividad bioeléctrica de base (monitoreo de EEG) y el resultado de la promediación (PEA). Los resultados del examen electroaudiométrico son analizados fuera de línea de una manera flexible, generándose múltiples reportes gráficos y permitiendo la comparación automática con datos normativos. En el caso de los PEAee los resultados pueden ser presentados en el formato estándar de un audiograma convencional utilizando diferentes escalas (dB: HL, SPL, nHL). El sistema AUDIX ha sido validado ampliamente en la práctica clínica resultando de utilidad para la detección temprana de las pérdidas auditivas y la caracterización precisa de la audición en toda la gama de frecuencias audibles.
Los sistemas de frecuencia modulada en alumnos con implante coclear
Authors: Mora Espino Rosa , Zenker Castro Franz , Rodríguez Jiménez María del Carmen , Mesa Suárez José Luis , Coello Marrero Ana
Published: January 2021

Las limitaciones del Implante Coclear (IC) en condiciones acústicas adversas aconsejan el uso de sistemas de Frecuencia Modulada (FM) para mejorar la relación señal - ruido en entornos de aprendizaje auditivo - verbal. Estudios previos han mostrado como las condiciones acústicas de la mayoría de las aulas resultan aceptables para los alumnos normoyentes, sin embargo, estas condiciones son poco apropiadas para los alumnos con IC u otros tipos de Ayudas Técnicas Auditivas. En este estudio se lleva acabo una simulación de las competencias de identificación del habla de un grupo de alumnos de 1º de la ESO en función de las características acústicas del aula. El Índice de Audibilidad del Habla (Speech Audibility Index; SAI) obtenido para el aula analizada fue de un 52%. A partir de este índice SAI se lleva acabo una estimación de la percepción del habla para los alumnos normoyentes, con IC e IC+FM para la misma posición del alumno en el aula. Se estudia el reconocimiento del habla en tres condiciones de dificultad: (i) palabras de alta y baja familiaridad aisladas (ii) fonemas en sílabas y (iii) palabras de alta y baja familiaridad en frases sencillas y complejas. Los resultados muestran que las competencias lingüísticas de identificación del mensaje hablado obtenidos por los alumnos normoyentes son superiores al 92%. La estimación para los alumnos con IC mostró unas puntuaciones significativamente inferiores siendo del 34% en el reconocimiento de palabras noveles en frases complejas. Los resultados obtenidos con IC+FM mejoran de forma significativa el rendimiento lingüístico llegando al 80% en el reconocimiento de palabras noveles en frases complejas. Este estudio evidencia las barreras acústicas del aula analizada para los alumnos con IC y las ventajas de uso de sistemas de FM.