bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Indication of high basal melting at EastGRIP drill site on the
Northeast Greenland Ice Stream
Authors: Zeising Ole , Humbert Angelika
Published: February 2021

Abstract. The accelerated ice flow of ice streams that reach far into the interior of the ice sheet, is associate with lubrication of the ice sheet base by basal melt water. However, the amount of basal melting under the large ice streams – such as the Northeast Greenland Ice Stream (NEGIS) – are largely unknown. In-situ measurements of basal melt rates are important from various perspectives as they indicate the heat budget, the hydrological regime and the role of sliding in glacier motion. The few previous estimates of basal melt rates in the NEGIS region were 0.1 m a−1 and more, based on radiostratigraphy methods. These finding raised the question of the heat source, since even an increased geothermal heat flux could not deliver the necessary amount of heat. Here, we present basal melt rates at the recent deep drill site EastGRIP, located in the center of NEGIS. Within two subsequent years, we found basal melt rates of (0.16–0.22) ± 0.01 m a−1, that are based on analysis of repeated phase-sensitive radar measurements. In order to quantify the contribution of processes that cause a heat flux into the ice, we carried out an assessment of the energy sources and found the subglacial water system to play a key role in facilitating such high melt rates.
Arde Galicia: o ‘agrocuir’ en contra da metronormatividade do ‘queer’
Authors: Barreto Danny M.
Published: February 2021

A cultura LGTB adoita relacionarse coas grandes urbes metropolitanas. Este artigo suxire que esta ‘metronormatividade’ característica da cultura e da política queer é un factor na falta de visibilidade das comunidades LGTB nas zonas rurais e non metropolitanas de Galicia. A medida que os estudos queer experimentaron no século XXI un xiro antiurbano e ecoloxista, Galicia é un lugar privilexiado dende onde reimaxinar a política LGTB. Este estudo ofrece un panorama do activismo e da produción cultural LGTB emerxentes en Galicia, un movemento que podemos denominar ‘agrocuir’, tomando prestado o termo acuñado por un colectivo LGTB en Lugo. Lonxe de ser un fenómeno local ou illado, esta postura anti-metronormativa abre posibilidades de pensar as identidades cuir en Galicia dentro dunha rede global que abarca persoas e comunidades LGTB rurais, racializadas e non hexemónicas.
Relatos de fugida na literatura galega e portuguesa: Estudo comparativo do imaginário e espaço comum em Cinco Dias, Cinco Noites e Amigo medo
Authors: Colom Jiménez María
Published: February 2021

Os relatos de exílio e fugida de um país para o outro por motivos políticos e os períplos transfronteiriços têm sido objeto de representação literária habitual. O presente trabalho pretende analisar, através de uma aproximação comparativa e tendo em conta contextos históricos e culturais semelhantes, as novelas curtas Cinco Dias, Cinco Noites (1975), de Manuel Tiago, e Amigo medo (2002), de Xavier López Rodríguez, como relatos de fugida que também podem ser inseridos dentro das narrativas de denúncia. Igualmente é estudada a construção do espaço e do imaginário comum galego-português nestes relatos, assim como os recursos narrativos e as temáticas principais dos relatos de fugida surgidos a partir da segunda metade do Século XX.
Teatro popular de títeres de Barriga Verde: a patrimonialización imposíbel
Authors: Campoi García Comba
Published: February 2021

Os movementos de base que reclaman que os bens propios das clases populares sexan considerados como patrimonio cultural inmaterial fano coa positiva intención de preservar e lexitimar esas formas de cultura, poñendo en valor procesos de creación artística que tradicionalmente foron minusvalorados pola Academia. Un exemplo disto constitúeo Barriga Verde, espectáculo de títeres tradicionais que gozou de grande popularidade en Galiza até 1964. O seu carácter eminentemente subversivo, na liña da tradición europea da que provén, fai del un ben cultural pouco atractivo para quen entende o patrimonio como unha forma de xerar beneficios económicos á marxe do significado orixinal dos bens explotados. A Asociación Cultural Morreu o Demo está a traballar xustamente en revivir o espectáculo sen necesidade de encerralo na categoría patrimonial.
Novas visións socioliterarias da saudade: a súa desmitificación e crítica na obra de Seoane, Valente e Rivas
Authors: Fernández Martínez Antía
Published: February 2021

Este artigo presenta un breve percorrido cronolóxico pola literatura galega dende mediados do século XX ata a actualidade, personificado nas figuras de Luís Seoane, José Ángel Valente e Manuel Rivas, para analizar como neles o discurso tradicional da saudade é dinamitado creando novas concepcións para o termo, concepcións que abarcan maiores territorios e identidades e que restrinxen moito menos non só a idea de Galicia, senón tamén a nosa idea de nós mesmos.
Galiza vista por Archer Milton Huntington: A Note-Book in Northern Spain (1898)
Authors: López Teresa
Published: February 2021

En 1898, Archer Milton Huntington, futuro fundador da Hispanic Society of America, publica A Note-Book in Northern Spain, un libro de viaxes cuxos capítulos iniciais están dedicados a Galiza, especialmente á Coruña e a Santiago de Compostela. O obxectivo deste artigo é analizar a imaxe de Galiza plasmada no volume, no marco da representación de España construída polo ollar anglosaxón, particularmente o norteamericano, reflectido na literatura de viaxes, na incipiente produción académica hispanista e na moda hispana que se expande polas artes en Estados Unidos na viraxe do século, coincidindo cun momento de conflicto político entre ambos estados. Mostraremos como A Note-Book in Northern Spain combina as impresións directas do viaxeiro sobre Galiza, coa información proveniente de fontes librescas, singularmente de Galicia (1888) de Manuel Murguía, obra referente do rexionalismo galego, e de Recuerdos de un viaje a Santiago de Galicia (1880) de Fidel Fita e Aureliano Guerra, dos estudos xacobeos. A análise terá en conta a información complementaria das viaxes de Huntington a España e a Galiza recollida nos seus diarios.
Impactos dos Caminhos na comunidade local de Santiago de Compostela: Resultados de um projeto de investigação em curso
Authors: Samartim Roberto , Pazos-Justo Carlos
Published: February 2021

Este texto pretende ser um primeiro levantamento e síntese de resultados (não isento de autorreflexividade), do projeto de investigação “Discursos, imagens e práticas culturais sobre Santiago de Compostela como meta dos Caminhos” (FFI2012-35521), desenvolvido entre 2011 e 2017 por uma equipa de investigação multidisciplinar e interuniversitária vinculada à Rede Galabra (https://redegalabra.org/). O presente contributo seleciona a totalidade das publicações resultantes das análises representativas realizadas sobre secções do corpus geral do projeto referido, composto por sua vez por um corpus documental formado por livros, audiovisuais e sites, e por outro grupo de materiais constituído por inquéritos e entrevistas passados entre 2013 e 2015 a habitantes da cidade, comerciantes e visitantes (procedentes da Galiza, Espanha, Portugal e Brasil). O levantamento dos objetivos focados, o corpus analisado, a metodologia e ferramentas utilizadas e as principais conclusões ou hipóteses levantadas nos 21 produtos publicados no âmbito desse projeto de investigação permite concluir, entre outras questões, a validez da aplicação de métodos e procedimentos referenciados no trabalho por questionário ou no recurso ao Processamento da Linguagem Natural (PLN); o impacto da obra do escritor Paulo Coelho nas práticas de visitantes (nomeadamente brasileiros); ou, até, a centralidade da Igreja católica e da religião no entendimento tanto do Caminho como da própria cidade, juntamente com a construção de uma imagem de Santiago de Compostela e da comunidade local ligada à espiritualidade e o medievalismo.
Modernos e belixerantes: Entretemento e pedagoxía no folletín literario de "Galicia Emigrante"
Authors: García Martínez Pablo
Published: February 2021

A investigación recollida neste artigo usa como fío conductor a narrativa publicada no folletín literario da revista Galicia Emigrante (1954-1959, 37 números), dirixida polo exiliado republicano Luís Seoane. En primeiro lugar, o texto localiza a narrativa breve publicada na revista dentro do proxecto de educación popular artellado á volta desta publicación, ao tempo que sitúa este proxecto no contexto dunhas Guerras Frías culturais transatlánticas ás que non foi allea a cultura orgánica ao galeguismo, especialmente durante os anos cincuenta. Dende dentro deste marco, o artigo analiza a literatura narrativa publicada no folletín literario de Galicia Emigrante por autores como Antonio Baltar, Eduardo Blanco-Amor, Xosé Neira Vilas, Leopoldo Nóvoa, Xosé Núñez Búa, Xosé Ruibal ou Ramón de Valenzuela. Máis alá de poñer en valor antecedentes de fórmulas narrativas que deron en fitos definitorios da narrativa en galego de posguerra –como Non agardei por ninguén (1957) ou A Esmorga (1959)–, o artigo procura unha achega á historia intelectual galega do mesmo período, visibilizando o proxecto fracasado dunha terceira vía coa que os intelectuais de Galicia Emigrante procuraron, sen éxito, incidir nos debates sobre o futuro do nacionalismo galego que resistía –ben no exilio, ben na clandestinidade– ao franquismo.
Procesos migratorios de ida e volta. Oralidade e transposición escrita nas memorias dun militante antifranquista: David Álvarez Carballido. De Galicia a Arxentina (e viceversa)
Authors: Sánchez Mariela
Published: February 2021

Este artigo expón diferentes aspectos e cuestións teóricas vencelladas a un proceso de edición feito sobre a base dunha serie de entrevistas orais realizadas nos anos 90 por Antón Santamarina, a selección publicada en homenaxe a Xesús Alonso Montero e a reunión, por Anahí Almasia, no ano 2016, destas fontes que tiveron como protagonista a David Álvarez Carballido (A Fonsagrada, 1922-2017). O material obxecto de análise comprende a narración en lingua galega dunha historia persoal e familiar que involucra un marco referencial ilustrativo de avatares históricos e políticos fundamentais de Galicia e de Arxentina ao longo de gran parte do século XX, así como tamén aspectos de procesos migratorios e experiencias de represión e cárcere que se poden recoñecer noutras latitudes. Preténdese analizar as operacións de transposición en libro dos soportes ditos e as bases teóricas tidas en conta particularmente no proceso de edición no que participei.
O legado cultural de Victorino Abente y Lago (1846-1935) no Paraguai: “o primeiro intérprete do sentimiento nacional”
Authors: Duncan Webb Philip
Published: February 2021

Primo carnal de Pondal e tío e sogro de Gonzalo López Abente, a importancia do poeta e xornalista Victorino Abente y Lago (1846-1935) non é menor que a dos seus parentes ilustres. Juan O’Leary, o gran ideólogo do nacionalismo paraguaio, nun artigo de 1923 cualificaría Abente y Lago como o “patriarca de nuestra poesía” e “el primer intérprete del sentimiento nacional”. A presente contribución pretende rescatar a memoria dun persoeiro –por diversos motivos esquecido tanto no Paraguai como na súa Galicia natal– que tivo un papel fundamental no desenvolvemento das letras paraguaias a finais do século XIX e principios do XX, e tamén na propia formación teórica da nacionalidade paraguaia. Neste senso, a obra de Abente y Lago pode considerarse como unha proxección tanxible, aínda que non recoñecida, da cultura galega fóra e lonxe das fronteiras de Galicia. A análise organízase en tres seccións nas que se deliñan primeiro os antecedentes historiográficos detrás do presente estudo, os trazos da vida do poeta e o contexto histórico paraguaio, e en segundo lugar os contidos e os significados da súa composición máis coñecida, La Sibila paraguaya (1886), máis o seu acollemento por parte dos contemporáneos de Abente. Finalmente, na terceira sección falaremos da influencia posterior desta obra sobre a literatura e o pensamento paraguaios a principios do século XX.
Estatísticas anuais (vol. 23 Número Especial, 2020)
Authors: Revista de Estudios Gallegos Madrygal
Published: February 2021

Estatísticas anuais
Educação do Campo como expressão do legado de Paulo Freire: educar para a liberdade na licenciatura por meio da Pedagogia da Alternância e do Projeto de Estudo Temático
Authors: Almeida Sara Ferreira de , Barcelos Daiane Cenachi , Gomes Danila Ribeiro
Published: February 2021

Countryside education in Brazil is a demand and result of the political struggle undertaken by the people who work and fight for the land, such as quilombolas, riverside dwellers, forest people, indigenous people, peasants, landless people, among others. Its origin and theoretical and methodological assumptions have roots in the field of Popular Education formulated in Brazil, with Paulo Freire as its main reference. In the school context, Countryside Education uses pedagogical instruments that enable the education of critical subjects capable of promoting transformations in their territories. This paper reflects on two of these instruments, Alternation and Thematic Study Project, focusing on the results of their articulation in the Teaching Degree in Countryside Education at the Federal University of Viçosa. This study highlights the influence of Paulo Freire’s legacy on the education of countryside teachers from a liberating perspective.
Political Instability and Banks Performance in the Light of Arab Spring: Evidence From GCC Region
Authors: Jaara Bassam Omar Ali
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this empirical study is to investigate the consequences of the Arab spring on the banks financial performance at the level of Islamic and conventional banks in the Gulf Cooperative Council (GCC). The sample of this empirical research comprises 20 Islamic banks and 37 conventional banks during the period 2000-2018. The quantitative research methodology was employed by using Bivariate analysis and a panel regression on longitudinal data. The empirical findings show that the Arab spring had a direct negative influence on the bank’s performance in the GCC, whether Islamic or non-Islamic banks. The direct negative influence is most prominent on the banking system in the GCC region in the inability of these banks to enhance and maintain their financial performance and profitability level during the Arab spring. The results also revealed influenced negatively on the country-specific variables. These findings considered to be a caution to policymakers when establishing a strategy for microeconomic and macroeconomic financial performance. It is broadly known that the Arab spring has an important influence on the economies of the GCC countries. Notably, the influence of the Arab spring on the banking industry performance and profitability has not so far been exposed to detailed investigation. Therefore, this research pursues to shed light on this gap by employing robust quantitative analysis. It differentiates between pre and post the Arab spring, it also classified banks into Islamic and non-Islamic and it employs micro and macroeconomic variables to investigate the influence of Arab spring effectively. It`s also the first to examine the micro and macroeconomic variables across both Islamic and non-Islamic banks pre and post the Arab spring. This research employed both Bivariate analysis and a panel regression on longitudinal data on both Islamic and conventional banks.
Impact of the Effectiveness of the Internal Control System on the Reduction of Fraud in the Jordanian Public Insurance Companies
Authors: Mustafa Magablih Ali , Farhan Alshira’h Ahmad
Published: February 2021

The study aimed to figure out the effectiveness of the internal control system on the reduction of fraud in the Jordanian public insurance companies. To achieve the objectives of the study, a questionnaire was prepared and the descriptive analytical approach was adopted. The study population consisted of all the employees in te Jordanian public insurance companies under the titles (Manager / Deputy Manager, Department Manager, Head of Department, and Auditor). The study sample consisted of 168 male and female employees, and the data were analyzed using the (SPSS2) to achieve the objectives of the study.

The study concluded that there is a statistically significant impact at sig. (α≤0.05) for the dimensions of the effectiveness of the internal control system to reduce fraud.

The study recommended the need that the companies stress on acquiring the skills of successful interaction skills by the employees.
Key Drivers behind the Development of Fluorocarbons Destruction Infrastructure: A Case Study of Japan
Authors: Morita Yoshinori , Shiratori Toshikazu
Published: February 2021

The Montreal Protocol has been ratified to progress phase-out of CFCs and HCFCs globally. HFCs have come into wide use as alternatives to CFCs and HCFCs, but as we know today, it was found that HFCs have a huge negative influence on global warming, and the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol entered into force to promote phase-down of HFCs. Since the enforcement of the Fluorocarbons Recovery and Destruction Law (F-gas law) in 2002, Japan has been undertaking fluorocarbons collection and destruction by environmentally-sound manners. However, no study has been reported investigates on how the Japanese fluorocarbons destruction infrastructure has been developed over the past several years. To analyze the development, we studied key drivers that contributed to encourage fluorocarbons collection from end of life electric appliances and to promote fluorocarbons destruction by environmentally and commercially sustainable technologies. We showed that recycling laws and the F-gas law have made progress in encourage fluorocarbons collection and destruction by making relevant stakeholders take physical and financial responsibilities for proper fluorocarbons disposal. This study also researched fluorocarbons destruction technologies that destruction operators used as of 2004 and 2019, and found that three specific destruction technologies have long been used practically in Japan. Finally, we discussed influencing factors that have made these technologies accepted, installed and practically used by fluorocarbons destruction operators. In conclusion, we identified that existence of political frameworks as well as application of fluorocarbons destruction technologies that are commercially sustainable and socially acceptable were key drivers behind the development of fluorocarbons destruction infrastructure in Japan.
An Iterative Method for a Common Solution of a Combination of the Split Equilibrium Problem, a Finite Family of Nonexpansive Mapping and a Combination of Variational Inequality Problem
Authors: Hay Ihssane , Bnouhachem Abdellah , Rassias Themistocles M.
Published: February 2021

The present paper aims to deal with an iterative algorithm for finding common solution of the combination of the split equilibrium problem and a finite family of non-expansive mappings and the combination of variational inequality problem in the setting of real Hilbert spaces. Further, we prove that the sequences generated by the proposed iterative method converge strongly to a common solution to these problems. A numerical example is presented to illustrate the proposed method and convergence result. The results and method presented in this paper generalize, extend and unify some known results in the literatures.
Characterisation of Mg-Zn-Ca-Y powders
manufactured by mechanical milling
Authors: Lesz S. , Tański T. , Hrapkowicz B. , Karolus M. , Popis J. , Wiechniak K.
Published: February 2021

Purpose: This paper explains mechanical synthesis which uses powders or material chunks
in order to obtain phases and alloys. It is based on an example of magnesium powders with
various additives, such as zinc, calcium and yttrium.
Design/methodology/approach: The following experimental techniques were used:
X-ray diffraction (XRD) method, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), determining particle
size distributions with laser measuring, Vickers microhardness.
Findings: The particle-size of a powder and microhardness value depend on the milling time.
Research limitations/implications: Magnesium gained its largest application area
by creating alloys in combination with other elements. Magnesium alloys used in various
industry contain various elements e.g. rare-earth elements (REE). Magnesium alloys are
generally made by casting processes. Consequently, the search for new methods of
obtaining materials such as mechanical alloying (MA) offers new opportunities. The MA
allows for the production of materials with completely new physico-chemical properties.
Originality/value: Thanks to powder engineering it is possible to manufacture materials
with specific chemical composition. These materials are characterized by very high purity,
specified porosity, fine-grain structure, complicated designs. These are impossible to
obtain with traditional methods. Moreover it is possible to refine the process even further
minimalizing the need for finishing or machining, making the material losses very small or
negligible. Furthermore material manufactured in such a way can be thermally or chemically
processed without any problems.
Polypropylene matrix composite
with charcoal filler
Authors: Polok-Rubiniec M. , Włodarczyk-Fligier A.
Published: February 2021

Purpose: The aim of the article is to present the thermal, electrical and mechanical
properties of the produced polymer composites with a filler in the form of charcoal powder.
Design/methodology/approach: The tests were carried out on samples of pure
polypropylene (PP) and polymer composites, the matrix of which is polypropylene (PP), and
the filler was charcoal powder with a volume fraction of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50%.
The tested polymer composites in the form of granules were produced by extrusion, and
then standardised test profiles were made by injection moulding.
Findings: The hardness of the tested composites was determined by the Shore D method,
the grain size distribution of the filler used was determined using the laser method and its
thermal stability was tested using the TGA thermogravimetric analysis. The volume and
surface resistivity were also determined and the density was determined. It was found that
the charcoal powder used as a filler is characterised by high thermal stability – up to 600°C
– and with an increase in its volume share in the polymer matrix, the hardness and density
of the produced composites increases.
Practical implications: The tested composites can be used as structural composites for
complex elements requiring high hardness and strength.
Originality/value: The research results indicate the possibility of using charcoal as a filler
in polymer matrix, which, due to its low production cost, may be an alternative to expensive
carbon fillers.
The movement investigation of an
axisymmetric rotation body under
the action of electromagnetic fields
Authors: Hrevtsev O. , Selivanova N. , Popovych P. , Poberezhny L. , Shevchuk O. , Hrytsuliak G. , Poberezhna L.
Published: February 2021

Purpose: To ensure an adequate level of accuracy, it is rational to study the ponderomotor
forces of the ring, which drive a hollow disk of variable thickness, hung on the ring.
Design/methodology/approach: The solution of the motion problem of a hollow disk of
variable thickness suspended on a force ring of rectangular cross section is based on the
method of solving the equations of the theory of thermoelasticity. The stress-strain state,
as well as the motion of the specified body of rotation, the disk, in studies in a cylindrical
coordinate system, under the action of ponderomotor forces.
Findings: The motion equation of a hollow disk hung on a force ring-torus is made, exact
solutions of the motion equations of a ring in the torus form of rectangular cross section are
found. New component expressions of ponderomotor forces, which appear from the action
of the ring's own electromagnetic field and cause the motion of a hollow disk, have been
found on the basis of Maxwell's equations. It is proved that at high speeds and low natural
accelerations the stress - strain state of the disk material does not cause the destruction of
the structure.
Research limitations/implications: Calculations of ponderomorphic forces are valid for
the ring, which drives a hollow disk of variable thickness, hung on the ring.
Practical implications: It is proved that at high velocities and small natural accelerations
the stress-strain state of the disk medium does not cause structural damage. It is determined
that the rotation in the direction of movement at an angle of 90 degrees changes only the
direction of the acceleration vector without increasing its value.
Originality/value: The dependences between own time and coordinate time are
formulated. It is proved that a small change in the natural time for the studied disk can
significantly change the coordinate time, and the pulsed electromagnetic field provides the
ability to cover infinitely large distances over finite periods of time.
Kod som teknisk lösning: en studie om grundskoleelevers uppfattningar av ändamålsenlighet i deras spontana programspråk
Authors: Anderhag Per , Björn Madeleine , Fahrman Birgit , Lundholm-Bergström Annika , Weiland Maria , Wållberg Tove
Published: February 2021

This study examines primary school students’ perception of functionality in their spontaneous programminglanguage for controlling a simple robot. Classroom activities were designed in order to create opportunitiesfor the students (year 1 and year 4) to discuss and develop together with their teachers a sharedprogramming language for controlling a simple robot. The students spontaneously used (a) natural language,(b) images or (c) symbols when they created their programming language. The findings show thatthe students primarily perceived a code’s functionality as a question of readability, rather than how wellit fit the purpose of controlling the robot. Possible consequences of the findings for teaching in technologyeducation are discussed.
Lærerstudenters misoppfatninger og læring om kjemiske reaksjoner
Authors: Haugan Kåre , Holand Anna Marie
Published: February 2021

This study has addressed misconceptions and the learning process of chemical reactions. 14 student teachersperformed a written test consisting of 28 multiple choice questions and after participating in fivechemistry classes the students were interviewed individually focusing on misconceptions and experiencedlearning events. Several misconceptions and hindrances for the learning of chemical reactions were identified.Some of these are previously identified, but two were more surprising; Three out of 13 studentswere confused when switching between the terms chemical “reaction” and chemical “change”, a confusiongenerated by a chemistry textbook. In addition, one student mixed up the symbolic meaning of theletter “C” in NaCl to C for the element carbon. Another student learned the profound difference betweentwo states of a substance when the symbols (aq) and (l) were used to differ between “dissolved in water”and “liquid”. Finally, the students identified dialogue and laboratory work as important for their learningof chemical reactions.
Developmental toxicity of cadmium in infants and children: a review
Authors: Chandravanshi Lalit , Shiv Kunal , Kumar Sudhir
Published: February 2021

Several millions of people are exposed to cadmium worldwide due to natural and anthropogenic activities that led to their widespread distribution in the environment and have shown potential adverse effects on the kidneys, liver, heart and nervous system. Recently human and animal-based studies have been shown that In utero and early life exposure to cadmium can have serious health issues that are related to the risk of developmental disabilities and other outcomes in adulthood. Since, cadmium crosses the placental barrier and reaches easily to the fetus, even moderate or high-level exposure of this metal during pregnancy could be of serious health consequences which might be reflected either in the children’s early or later stages of life. Mortality from various diseases including cancer, cardiovascular, respiratory, kidney and neurological problems, correlation with In utero or early life exposure to cadmium has been found in epidemiological studies. Animal studies with strong evidence of various diseases mostly support for the human studies, as well as suggested a myriad mechanism by which cadmium can interfere with human health and development. More studies are needed to establish the mechanism of cadmium-induced toxicity with environmentally relevant doses in childhood and later life. In this review, we provide a comprehensive examination of the literature addressing potential long- term health issues with In utero and early life exposure to cadmium, as well as correlating with human and animal exposure studies.
The current status of studies of human exposure assessment of microplastics and their health effects: a rapid systematic review
Authors: Cho Yong Min , Choi Kyung-Hwa
Published: February 2021

This rapid systematic review aims to summarize studies of human exposure to microplastics (MPs) and their health effects. For the systematic literature review, we separately searched for review articles and original articles published from 2000 to 2019 in the PubMed, NDSL, KMBASE, and Cochrane databases. A total of 276 review articles and 475 original articles were independently evaluated and eligibility of each article was assessed by two researchers. Finally, 8 review articles and 13 original articles were selected for analysis. There was no standardized methodology for determining human exposure to MPs. Therefore, the size, shape, color, and chemical composition of MPs were considered as factors that affected human exposure to MP. We ascertained that human exposure to MPs occurs through two major routes: inhalation and ingestion. The general population can be exposed to MPs through the food chain, food, and mineral water. Thus, there are multiple scenarios for the exposure process. The only exposure marker in humans is the detection and measurement of MPs in feces. Health effects of human exposure to MPs include respiratory effects from inhalation, digestive effects from ingestion, oxidative stress, and cancer. However, there are few studies of the effects of MP exposure in the general population. Based on a systematic review, we propose a standardized methodology to identify various exposure scenarios to facilitate studies of human exposure to MPs and their health effects.
Comprehensive Methods of Evaluation of Efficiency of Distance Learning System Functioning
Authors:   State University of Telecommunications, Kyiv, Ukraine, Barabash Oleg , Musienko Andrii , Hohoniants Spartak , Laptiev Oleksand , Salash Oleg , Rudenko Yevgen , Klochko Alla
Published: February 2021

The current pace of development of information technology has created the preconditions for the emergence of a wide range of tools for providing educational services using distance learning technologies. This is confirmed by the intensification of the use of distance learning systems in the conditions of sanitary and epidemiological restrictions and the need for acute cost savings. The existing scientific and methodological apparatus for studying the quality of functioning of distance learning systems is mostly based on approaches to separate assessment of the effectiveness of their elements and the relevant quality indicators. This limits the ability to take into account important factors in the decision-making process and requires comprehensive consideration of the contributions of relevant subsystems to the functioning of the distance learning system. In order to solve this problem, the article presents a comprehensive methodology for assessing the effectiveness of distance learning system, based on methods of probability theory and hierarchy analysis and describes the patterns of influence on the effectiveness of distance learning system of importance and contributions of its subsystems. Comparative analysis of the data obtained by monitoring and forecasting performance indicators based on the proposed method, shows an increase in the reliability of the assessment within 15-18%, which in contrast to the existing reduction of standard deviation of performance indicators by an average of 26% and ensures the adequacy of the results within certain assumptions and hypotheses. In such conditions, the choice of an appropriate option for the construction of the DN system is ensured by the reliability of the forecast of the results of its operation in the range of 82-85%, which is high enough to make appropriate decisions. The value of this study lies in the possibility of using the tested scientific and methodological apparatus in forecasting the outcome of the system and saving material, financial and human resources in the process of implementing the relevant recommendations in practice. This fact makes it possible to eliminate limitations in the practice of building distance learning systems and creates a new opportunity to cover a wider range of factors that affect the quality of operation.The application of this technique makes it possible to predict the results of the joint operation of the relevant subsystems of the distance learning system, taking into account their contribution to the overall result.
Impact of Equalizer step size in Underwater Acoustic Communication Channel
Authors:   Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India, Narasu Krishnamoorthy Raghavan , Rajkumar Immanuel , Alexander Jerry , Devaerakkam Marshiana
Published: February 2021

The Underwater Acoustic Channel (UAC) is a time variant channel and its multipath effects create ISI. This is one of the most important obstacles in the UAC channel which reduces the transmission rate. To remove this obstacle, a proper filter has to be designed in the receiver section. In this article, optimal step size for equalizer is computed and compared the results with the known techniques namely Decision Feedback Equalizer with interleave division multiple access (DFE IDMA) and Cyclic Prefix - Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (CP-OFDM) Equalizer. Channels are modeled using ray tracing methods. The various factors considered are ambient noise, attenuation loss, bottom and surface loss. The overall path loss for channels is computed by summing up the attenuation loss, surface and bottom loss. Simulation results evident that for short range UAC channel, the BER in the order of 10-2 is achieved using proposed methodology with least Eb/No compared to standard DFE method.
Performance Evaluation of Face Recognition system by Concatenation of Spatial and Transformation Domain Features
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of ECE, Global Academy of Technology, Bangalore-560098, K Raveendra , J Ravi
Published: February 2021

Face biometric system is one of the successful applications of image processing. Person recognition using face is the challenging task since it involves identifying the 3D object from 2D object. The feature extraction plays a very important role in face recognition. Extraction of features both in spatial as well as frequency domain has more advantages than the features obtained from single domain alone. The proposed work achieves spatial domain feature extraction using Asymmetric Region Local Binary Pattern (ARLBP) and frequency domain feature extraction using Fast Discrete Curvelet Transform (FDCT). The obtained features are fused by concatenation and compared with trained set of features using different distance metrics and Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier. The experiment is conducted for different face databases. It is shown that the proposed work yields 95.48% accuracy for FERET, 92.18% for L-space k, 76.55% for JAFFE and 81.44% for NIR database using SVM classifier. The results show that the proposed system provides better recognition rate for SVM classifier when compare to the other distance matrices. Further, the work is also compared with existing work for performance evaluation.
Optimized Planning of Resources Demand Curve in Ground Handling based on Machine Learning Prediction
Authors:   Department of Computer Science Faculty of Graduate Studies for statistical Researches, Cairo University, Egypt., Mamdouh Maged , Ezzat Mostafa , Hefny Hesham
Published: February 2021

Determining the resource requirements at airports especially in-ground services companies is essential to successful planning in the future, which is represented in the resources demand curve according to the future flight schedule, through which staff schedules are created at the airport to cover the workload with ensuring the highest possible quality service provided. Given in the presence of variety service level agreements used on flight service vary according to many flight features, the resources assumption method makes planning difficult. For instance, flight position is not included in future flight schedule but it's efficacious in the identification of flight resources. In this regard, based on machine learning, we propose a model for building a resource demand curve for future flight schedules. It is divided into two phases, the first is the use of machine learning to predict resources of the service level agreement required on future flight schedules, and the second is the use of implement a resource allocation algorithm to build a demand curve based on predicted resources. This proposal could be applicable to airports that will provide efficient and realistic for the resources demand curve to ensure the resource planning does not deviate from the real-time resource requirements. the model has proven good accuracy when using one day of flights to measuring deviation between the proposed model predict demand curve when flights did not include the location feature and the actual demand curve when flights include location.
Genetic-based Summarization for Local Outlier Detection in Data Stream
Authors:   Computer Science Dept. Faculty of Computers and Information, Menoufia University, Egypt, Sakr Mohamed , Atwa Walid , Keshk Arabi
Published: February 2021

Outlier detection is one of the important tasks in data mining. Detecting outliers over streaming data has become an important task in many applications, such as network analysis, fraud detections, and environment monitoring. One of the well-known outlier detection algorithms called Local Outlier Factor (LOF). However, the original LOF has many drawbacks that can’t be used with data streams: 1- it needs a lot of processing power (CPU) and large memory to detect the outliers. 2- it deals with static data which mean that in any change in data the LOF recalculates the outliers from the beginning on the whole data. These drawbacks make big challenges for existing outlier detection algorithms in terms of their accuracies when they are implemented in the streaming environment. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm called GSILOF that focuses on detecting outliers from data streams using genetics. GSILOF solve the problem of large memory needed as it has fixed memory bound. GSILOF has two phases. First, the summarization phase that tries to summarize the past data arrived. Second, the detection phase detects the outliers from the new arriving data. The summarization phase uses a genetic algorithm to try to find the subset of points that can represent the whole original set. our experiments have been done over real datasets. Our experiments confirming the effectiveness of the proposed approach and the high quality of approximate solutions in a set of real-world streaming data.
Multi-agent System for Management of Data from Electrical Smart Meters
Authors:   Training and Research Unit for Mathematics and Computer Science, Félix Houphouet Boigny University, Côte d’Ivoire, Yacouba Yazid Hambally , Diabagaté Amadou , Maiga Abdou , Coulibaly Adama
Published: February 2021

The smart meter can process sensor data in a residential grid. These sensors transmit different parameters or measurement data (index, power, temperature, fluctuation of voltage and electricity, etc.) to the smart meter. All of these measurement data can come in different ways at the smart meter. The sensors transmit each measurement data to the smart meter. In addition, the collection of this data to a central system is a significant concern to ensure data integrity and protect the privacy of residents. The complexity of these data management also lies in their volume, frequency, and scheduling. This work presents a scheduling and a collection mechanism in private power consumption data between both sensors and smart meters on one hand and between smart meters and the central data collection system on other hand. We have found several approaches to intelligent meter data management in scientific researches. We propose another approach in response to this concern for the scheduling and collection of measurement data to a central system from residential areas of sensors’ network connected to smart meters. This work is also an example of a link between data collection and data scheduling in intelligent information management,ransmission, and protection. We also propose a modeling of the measurement objects of smart grid and highlight the changes made to these objects throughout the process of data processing. It should be noted that this smart grid system consists of three main active systems namely sensors, smart meters and central system. In addition to these three systems, there are other systems that communicate with the smart meters and the central system. We have identified three implementation models for the smart metering system. We also present an intelligent architecture based on multi-agent systems for the smart grid. Most current electricity management systems are not adapted to the new challenges imposed by social and economic development in Africa. The objectives of this study are to initiate the design of a smart grid system for the management of electricity data.
Content-based Fish Classification Using Combination of Machine Learning Methods
Authors:   Computer Science and Engineering Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh, Islam S.M. Mohidul , Bani Suriya Islam , Ghosh Rupa
Published: February 2021

Fish species recognition is an increasing demand to the field of fish ecology, fishing industry sector, fisheries survey applications, and other related concerns. Traditionally, concept-based fish specifies identification procedure is used. But it has some limitations. Content-based classification overcomes these problems. In this paper, a contentbased fish recognition system based on the fusion of local features and global feature is proposed. For local features extraction from fish image, Local Binary Pattern (LBP), Speeded-Up Robust Feature (SURF), and Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) are used. To extract global feature from fish image, Color Coherence Vector (CCV) is used. Five popular machine learning models such as: Decision Tree, k-Nearest Neighbor (k-NN), Support Vector Machines (SVM), Naïve Bayes, and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) are used for fish species prediction. Finally, prediction decisions of the above machine learning models are combined to select the final fish class based on majority vote. The experiment is performed on a subset of ‘QUT_fish_data’ dataset containing 256 fish images of 21 classes and the result (accuracy 98.46%) shows that though the proposed method does not outperform all existing fish classification methods but it outperforms many existing methods and so, the method is a competitive alternative in this field.
Persistent Anosmia
Authors: Kazez Jean ,   TPM: The Philosophers' Magazine
Published: February 2021

John Stuart Mill famously maintained that “animal pleasures” – like enjoying good smells and tastes – are lower quality than the pleasures tied to higher cognition, like the pleasure of enjoying an opera or understanding a mathematical proof. This downgrading is particularly common in the ethical literature about eating animals. Peter Singer, James Rachels, Gary Francione, Alastair Norcross and dozens of other ethicists make quick work of defending vegetarianism by presuming that “gustatory pleasure” is trivial. But is it?
Zebras, Bacteria and Asteroids
Authors: Friend Toby ,   TPM: The Philosophers' Magazine
Published: February 2021

Two tenets are of significant concern to today’s philosophers of science: one continues to be that age-old idea of Scientific Realism, the other is a more contemporary assertion of the Metaphysical Unity to science. Although the motivations for or against them are very different, there seems to be a payoff with the degree to which anyone has so-far been able to accept one given their acceptance of the other. Or at least, that is what a survey of recent debate would seem to suggest. Why is this? I’ll hazard a guess after laying out what exactly the tenets claim and how philosophers have tried to orient themselves between them.
Visual Management: mapping experiences from service blueprints in the remote scenario
Authors: Wernke Débora , Teixeira Júlio Monteiro
Published: February 2021

Visual Management combined with Service Design tools is a good strategy for implementing process mapping in remote scenarios. The general objective of this study was to present its concepts and implement the service blueprint as a facilitating tool for mapping the experiences of processes in the Human Resources area. To provide the best interaction and practice of actions, an action research was carried out at the company Jungle Devs, mapping the entire journey of the selection process for new candidates. The methodological procedure was oriented by the guidelines of the exploratory research, starting from a systematic understanding of the processes that took place in person and from the analysis of the activities performed by the company. A greater understanding of the activities of the company's employees and of the interaction with the candidates was sought, thus identifying the problematic points and from these, the development of recommendations for improvement and formalization of the process in the remote mode.
Ciclabilidad, intermodalidad y movilidad sostenible de la comunidad universitaria en Sevilla
Authors: Gavira Narváez Antonio , Cuevas Negrete Ana María , Ventura Fernández Jesús
Published: February 2021

La ciudad de Sevilla y su entorno metropolitano llevan inmersos en grandes cambios urbanos desde finales del siglo XX, que orientan el modelo de movilidad cotidiana hacía una mayor sostenibilidad. En el caso del uso de la bicicleta todavía existen aspectos mejorables, como ampliar la red de carriles-bici, y, en especial, el mantenimiento de la misma, construir aparcamientos cercanos a las estaciones de transporte público o favorecer que las bicicletas puedan ser transportadas en medios públicos. Algunos de los epicentros de estas modificaciones han sido los campus de la Universidad de Sevilla denominados “Rectorado” y “Ramón y Cajal”, ambos con una localización central dentro de la ciudad, y en los que la diversidad en sus proximidades de una amplia oferta de medios de transporte ha favorecido cambios en los modelos de movilidad de la comunidad universitaria. El estudio realizado se basa en un acopio de información proveniente de fuentes diferentes y sobre todo en el análisis cuantitativo mediante encuestas realizadas a este colectivo en sus distintas facetas: estudiantes, personal de administración y servicios, y docentes e investigadores. Su objetivo principal ha sido el de conocer mejor los resortes que afectan a los ciudadanos a la hora de hacer uso de la bicicleta en la ciudad, tanto pública como particular, así como su posible combinación con otros medios de transporte. En este sentido los resultados nos hablan, para el caso de Sevilla, de una batería de puntos fuertes, pero también de una serie de carencias que habría que corregir o cuando menos atenuar. De este modo, las conclusiones se convierten en acciones propositivas de cara a mejorar la movilidad sostenible en la urbe hispalense.