bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Angular X-ray transmission measurements of gold absorption gratings: comparison of different laboratory X-ray sources
Authors:   University of the Witwatersrand (WITS), Chinamatira Gideon ,   University of Manchester at Harwell, Jakata Kudakwashe ,   University of the Witwatersrand (WITS), Mathe Bhekumusa A ,   Microworks Gmbh, Gutekunst Josephine ,   Stellenbosch University, Du Plessis Anton
Published: February 2023

Over the past few years, numerous advances have been made in X-ray imaging technology. X-ray imaging plays an important role in the non-destructive exploration of the internal structures of objects for research, medical and industrial applications. When X-rays are used in computed tomography (CT), the differences in density of various components of a specimen result in different degrees of absorption of the X-rays and are ultimately responsible for image formation and image contrast. However, in some situations, this contrast is not sufficient for the sample, e.g. in the case of fossils embedded in rock, there are often situations where the fossil and rock have similar grey values. Poor contrast causes the loss of valuable detail and makes further image processing steps such as segmentation challenging. There is a continuous need to improve and develop new image acquisition techniques with the goal to improve the quality of the obtained CT data. Computed tomography techniques have been extended to phase contrast imaging in recent years using the principle of Talbot-Lau interferometers. Initially performed in synchrotron facilities the method was extended to work with incoherent polychromatic X-ray sources by introducing a source grating into the setup and therefore reducing the requirements on the spatial coherence of the source significantly. In this work, we report on the experimental characterization of gold absorption gratings used in such a laboratory-based cone-beam phase contrast setup. The gold gratings are characterized by Angular X-ray Transmission using different laboratory X-ray sources, providing insights not only into the grating feature sizes but also validating the suitability of the available laboratory source for phase contrast imaging. This work is the first step in a project implementing phase contrast X-ray imaging in laboratory setups in South Africa.
X-ray tomography study of “squeezed pores” in additively manufactured titanium alloy subjected to hot isostatic pressing
Authors:   Stellenbosch University, Du Plessis Anton ,   Object Research Systems, Desrosiers Catherine ,   European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Majkut Marta ,   European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Jakata Kudakwashe ,   European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Cook Philip ,   European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Rack Alexander ,   Object Research Systems, Piché Nicolas
Published: February 2023

Metal additive manufacturing is a fast-growing manufacturing technology for producing components with complex geometries and in short lead times. The widely used Ti6Al4V alloy has particularly good strength to weight ratio while having properties suitable for aerospace and medical industries. The additive manufacturing processes all involve layer by layer processing, often leading to small porosities in the final produced parts. These can lead to reduced mechanical properties, especially fatigue performance is negatively influenced. Hot isostatic pressing (HIP) has in recent years become an important post-process to eliminate these pores, improve the microstructure and enhance the fatigue performance of such parts. In this work, the pore closure and shrinkage due to HIP of Ti6Al4V is studied using high resolution laboratory and synchrotron tomography. This reveals “squeezed pores” which are visible only using high resolution synchrotron tomography and not in a typical laboratory resolution system. This paper reports on the imaging of such pores, handling of this data and discusses future work involving intentionally created defects of different morphologies and efforts to study their shrinkage behavior due to HIP processing.
Workflows for assessing electronic devices with 3D X-ray microscopy and nanoscale computed tomography
Authors:   Carl Zeiss Industrial Metrology, Villarraga-Gómez Herminso ,   Carl Zeiss Industrial Metrology, Sirny Dustin ,   Carl Zeiss X-ray Microscopy, Terada Masako ,   Carl Zeiss X-ray Microscopy, Rad Mansoureh Norouzi ,   Carl Zeiss X-ray Microscopy, Gu Allen
Published: February 2023

Modern 2D and 3D X-ray technologies are among the most useful non-destructive testing (NDT) methods that allow inspection of an object’s internal features without cutting or disassembling a sample. This paper presents workflows that combine 3D X-ray microscopy and nanoscale tomography to generate a detailed three-dimensional visualization of the interior of electronic devices and assemblies, without destroying them, to enable the study of internal components for failure analysis (FA). These imaging workflows can be run independently or complementary to other multiscale correlative microscopy evaluations and provide valuable insights into the inner workings of electronic packages and integrated circuits at multiple length scales, from macroscopic features on electronic devices (i.e., hundreds of mm) to microscopic details in electronic components (in the tens of nm). Understanding advanced electronic systems through X-ray imaging, possibly complemented with additional correlative microscopy investigations, can speed development time, increase cost efficiency, and simplify FA and quality inspection of semiconductor packaging, printed circuit boards (PCBs), and electronic devices assembled with new emerging technologies.
MIST – Mechanical In-situ Stage with Temperature control for X-ray computed tomography
Authors:   Upper Austrian University of Applied Sciences (FH OÖ), Maurer Julia ,   Upper Austrian University of Applied Sciences (FH OÖ), Heupl Sarah ,   Upper Austrian University of Applied Sciences (FH OÖ), Kendel Manuel ,   Upper Austrian University of Applied Sciences (FH OÖ), Holzleitner Martin ,   Upper Austrian University of Applied Sciences (FH OÖ), Glinz Jonathan ,   Upper Austrian University of Applied Sciences (FH OÖ), Senck Sascha ,   Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Auer Jaqueline ,   Upper Austrian University of Applied Sciences (FH OÖ), Kastner Johann
Published: February 2023

X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) in combination with a tensile/compression stage can deliver great insights in the damage mechanisms of a material. As the material properties change at low and high temperatures, materials may perform differently as they do at room temperature. In this paper, a novel Mechanical In-situ Stage with Temperature control (MIST) for the usage in laboratory CT devices for high resolution - (3 μm)³ - acquisitions is presented. Since the specimen temperature is controlled by air flow, the MIST stage is suitable for testing polymers and allows cooling and heating in one test cycle (-10 °C to +100 °C). The MIST stage is a modification of the CT500 DEBEN tensile/compression stage. It enables mechanical tests that combine the application of force and temperature on a sample at the same time. A technical description of the developed stage is presented. Furthermore, its advantages compared to existing devices are explored and application fields of the MIST are shown.
Geometrical Self-Calibration of CBCT Systems
Authors:   Sharif University of Technology, Saedpanah Amirhossein ,   University of Tehran, Hosseini Seyed Mohammad Hossein ,   University of Tehran, Hosseini Seyed Roohollah ,   University of Qom, Mohammadkazemi Abbas
Published: February 2023

In this paper, we intend to provide a method for calibration of geometric CBCT systems without the need for phantom and prior knowledge related to the object which is normally used in 2D-3D registration methods for geometrical calibration. To this end, we use an iterative algorithm based on comparison between measured data and DRRs1 which are obtained from reconstructed images with different geometries to find geometrical parameters of the system. Our proposed method shows strong agreement with phantom based methods.
Design and Development of Frequency Agile Reflectarray Antenna
Authors:   Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, India, Narayanaswamy Kavitha , Suresh Vidhyashree ,   Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, India, Savarimuthu Kirubaveni ,   Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, India, Balan Ishwarya ,   Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, India
Published: February 2023

This paper presents the design of a frequency reconfigurable reflectarray with concentric circular rings. The PIN diode connected between a phase delay line and the ring produces reconfigured resonances at 16 GHz and 10.4 GHz. The variation in the size of the concentric rings offer a phase change of 356º during the OFF state of the PIN diode. 360° phase variation in the PIN ON condition is achieved by varying the delay line length. A 225-element centre-fed reflectarray antenna is constructed with square geometry. A simulated gain of 23 dBi is obtained with -17 dB side lobe level and -28 dB cross-polarization level at 16 GHz. In the PIN ON condition, a simulated gain of 22 dBi is obtained with -12 dB side lobe level and -28 dB cross polarization level. This reconfigurable reflectarray finds its applications in space research, satellite communication, and RADAR.
Plants and Vegetal Respiration in Early Greek Philosophy
Authors: Zatta Claudia ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: February 2023

This essay pursues the question of vegetal respiration in Presocratics’ doctrines in contrast to Aristotle’s categorical circumscription of this vital process to the blooded animals. It finds that epithelial respiration in DK31 B100 is central to Empedocles’ conception of plants’ breathing, linked to their fructification, deciduousness, and overall life preservation. It also discusses plants’ respiration in relation to their body temperature in Menestor, then, concludes by analyzing Democritus’ psychological doctrine, arguing that the intake of fiery atoms pertained to all living beings, plants included.
Public Support of Sectarian Education
Authors: Perry Clifton ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: February 2023

Although separated by almost a decade, there are two relatively recent United States Supreme Court cases involving the first Amendment religion clauses and educational funding. Both cases involved public monies diverted for sectarian educational purposes. One case brought by a plaintiff challenging the diversion; the other by a plaintiff challenging the cession of the diversion. The comparison, contrast and evaluation of the two cases is the intended goal of this essay and is predicated upon the fact that while both cases essentially yield the same result, neither employs the same justifying foundational argument employed by the other. Finally, understanding these two cases may serve as a predicate to a third educational case now before the United States Supreme Court during the 2021 term.
Moral Machines
Authors: Stockman Caroline , Vieira Paulo ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: February 2023

Misinformation, disinformation, or fake news pose a new societal challenge. Through Kantian philosophy, we postulate this as an ethical challenge, one driven by social forces that shape social media’s use towards unethical knowledge production. However, automated or intelligent technologies can also be a solution in acting as a polygraph on social media platforms. We propose such technology could be ethical-by-design if we bring moral philosophy into a software architecture. Kant’s philosophical formalism is well-aligned with computing logic, especially blockchain applications. However, we must also remain highly vigilant to the conceptual complexities, the existing critiques on Kantian ethics and deontology, and the general approach of imbuing moral thinking into a machine-especially if based on only one, rather hard-lined philosophy. While the principled nature of Kant’s propositions make for a suitable architecture, it poses in itself critical ethical concerns and considerations.
Nephroblastoma (Wilms' Tumor): Sex and Age Distribution and Correlation Rate with Ages, Sex, And Kidney Side in Sana’a City, Yemen
Authors: Al-Shamahy Hassan Abdulwahab
Published: February 2023

Background: Wilms' tumor is a malignant tumor that contains metanephric blastema, stromal and epithelial derivatives. The characteristic is the presence of abortive tubules and glomeruli surrounded by the stroma of a spindle cell. The stroma may include striated muscle, cartilage, bone, adipose tissue, and fibrous tissue. Aims: The study aimed to describe the age, sex and histology distribution of Wilms’ tumor and its association with age groups, sex and the side affected by the kidneys. Subjects and methods: A retrospective observational study was performed on renal masses patients who were consequently diagnosed selectively by histopathological study in the National Center for Public Health Laboratories (NCPHL) at the Department of Pathology, and the Department of Pathology in Al-Thorah university hospital, Sana'a, Yemen, over a period of 18 years from January 1, 2004 to December 31, 2021. Data were collected from hospital records. The study variables were lesions histological types, benign, malignancy, non-neoplastic lesions, sex, grades and age. The whole data were analyzed by IBM SPSS Statistics 22. Ink. The outcomes for variables were given in the form of rates (%). Chi Square was used for categorical variables that measured association among categorical variables. P-values less than 0.05 were considered significant. Results: Wilms tumors counting 47/282 (16.7%) of total diagnostic malignant tumors. The female cases were 29/47 (61.7%) more than male cases 18/47 (38.3%) with M:F ratio equal to 1.0: 1.6. The mean age of the Wilms’ patients was 5.3 years with SD equal to 3.6 years and ages ranged from 9 months to 15 years. Most of the Wilms’ patients were in age group 1-5 years 31/47(66%) followed by 6-10 years (25.5%). Favorable histology (FVH) Wilms’ tumors with better prognosis counting 42/47 (89.4%) while unfavorable histology (UFVH) with poor prognosis only counting 5/47 (10.6%). There was no significant association between Wilms’ tumor and gender while there was a highly significant association of Wilms’ tumor with 1-5 years group (rate = 77.5%, OR=48.6, CI =19.8-119, p <0.001) and with 6-10 years group (rate= 80%, OR=26.6, CI=7.1 – 98.7, p <0.001). There was no significant association between Wilms’ tumors with kidney side in which roughly equal rates were present in both sides. Conclusion: Wilms' tumors in Yemeni children appear at an early age and peak in the first 5 years of life with an increased incidence among females with predominantly FVH. The current study provided much needed information about the burden of Wilms' cancer in Yemen, to enable Yemen to better plan to address the burden. Further studies are necessary to determine the exact incidence and trend of Wilms' cancer and risk factors in Yemen.
A Case of Mitotically Active Cellular Fibroma of The Ovary Misdiagnosed Preoperatively as Pedunculated Subserosal Uterine Leimyoma
Authors: Erdogan Gokcen
Published: February 2023

Cellular fibroma is the most common benign tumor of the ovary characterized by cellularity. Mitotically active cellular fibroma is a subtype of cellular fibroma showing mitotic activity, but no nuclear polymorphism or necrosis. These tumors are often misdiagnosed preoperatively as uterine myomas. A 42-year-old woman presented with pain in the right groin. Transvaginal ultrasound revealed a normal left ovary and a semisolid mass of approximately 4.5 x 5 cm originated from the right ovary. Pelvic MRI was reported as subserosal pedunculated uterine leiomyoma in the close antero-superior, right lateral proximity with the uterus fundus and the patient was scheduled for laparoscopic myomectomy. The excised mass was sent for the pathological examination, which resulted in the confirmed diagnosis of mitotically active cellular fibroma. The patient was informed about the local recurrence potential of cellular fibromas and frequent control visits were scheduled before the patient was discharged.
Study of Obstetric and Somatic History in Women with Discharge of Amniotic Fluid
Authors: Iroda Isroilovna Tosheva
Published: February 2023

A large number of scientific studies have been devoted to the study of the problem of premature discharge of amniotic fluid, which addresses the issues of etiopathogenesis, clinic, diagnosis and methods of induction of labor. Studies of hemostasiological, biochemical, microbiological disorders observed in this pathology, hemodynamic disorders in the uterus and placenta, the role of growth factors in predicting miscarriage, the effect of infection on the development of premature discharge of amniotic fluid were carried out
Perspective of Human Leukocyte Antigen testing
Authors: Johnkennedy Nnodim
Published: February 2023

Most of the cells in the body have proteins or markers called human leukocyte antigens (HLA). To determine which cells, belong in the body and which do not, the immune system uses HLA. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) typing is used to match recipients and donors for bone marrow or cord blood transplants. The human major histocompatibility complex (HLA) is located on the short arm of chromosome 6, and it is a complex of genes that encode cell-surface proteins necessary for immune system regulation. It is well known that this human genetic system is the most polymorphic. HLA class I and class II molecules' biological function is to present antigens that have been processed into peptides. HLA was initially just a list of antigens discovered as a result of transplant rejection. HLAs are alloantigen’s that range from person to person due to genetic variance. In essence, every person's immune system is tailored to the distinct HLA and self-proteins produced by that person; when tissues are transferred to another person, however, things go wrong. Individuals almost always have different "banks" of HLAs, which causes transplant rejection because the recipient's immune system mistakes the transplanted tissue for non-self and kills the foreign tissue. HLAs were found as a result of this realization.
Pulmonology And Immunology; A Brief Overview
Authors: Nihal Arzu MIRICI
Published: February 2023

Pulmonary diseases are very common worldwide and have high mortality and morbidity rates. When we look at the pathogenetic processes of these diseases, it is seen that the natural and adaptive immune response plays an important role. As in many diseases, immune modulatory therapy is the current treatment approach in pulmonary diseases. In our article, we aimed to take a quick look at the immune system in common pulmonary diseases.
Comparative Characteristics of Morphological Changes in Neurons of The Parietal Cortex of Rats with Anoxia of Ischemic and Respiratory Genesis
Authors: Feduto M.A.
Published: February 2023

Acute oxygen deficiency is the basis of a variety of pathological processes in many diseases and environmental factors. When studying the rat brain under conditions of its total ischemia and mechanical asphyxia, the presence of structural changes in both studied periods (after 30 and 60 minutes) was revealed: a decrease in the area and a change in shape (loss of sphericity and an increase in elongation) of cells, as well as a change in the degree of chromatophilia, which was manifested by a decrease in normochromic neurons with a simultaneous increase in hyperchromic shriveled neurons. At the same time, total cerebral ischemia led to more pronounced changes in the studied neurons of the parietal cortex, which was manifested by a more significant decrease in the area of neurons after 30 minutes of anoxia, while shape changes in the form of loss of sphericity and increased elongation were noted to a greater extent with mechanical asphyxia. These differences may be due to the preservation of cardiac activity during mechanical asphyxia for a short time.
Immunological Disorders in Men Patients with Anogenital Warts
Authors: S.H Munieva
Published: February 2023

Anogenital warts (AV) or human papillomavirus infection (PVI), along with genital herpes, HIV infection, molluscum contagiosum, hepatitis B, and cytomegalovirus infection, are common sexually transmitted viral infections (STIs). In the pathogenesis of PVI, the leading role is given to disorders of the immune system, primarily its cellular department. The aim of the study was to study immunological changes in men with papillomavirus infection (genital warts). Material and research methods. Under observation were 47 men with OK, whose age ranged from 18 to 42 years. Results. Thus, studies have shown that among men in the Republic of Tajikistan, the most common STIs of viral origin (AB - OK) have a certain distribution, they occur, in most cases, in the form of mixed infection with other, more often bacterial STIs. In the pathogenesis of AD, immunity disorders are important, which must be taken into account in the treatment of patients.
Existence of At Least 2 Classes of Ipa in Sea Star Immune System. Comparisons Between Asterias Rubens and Other Asterids
Authors: Leclerc Michel
Published: February 2023

In 1986, we have isolated (Delmotte et al, Eur J Immunol) an antibody-like factor composed of 4 subunits of 30 KDA each: It was an anti-TNP (TNP=Trinitrophényl) antibody-like substance)
Prevalence of rs11385942 and rs657152 single nucleotide polymorphisms in the world population susceptible to severe COVID-19
Authors: Biswas Mohitosh
Published: February 2023

Aims: This study was aimed to investigate predictive prevalence of rs11385942 and rs657152 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the world populations since these were associated with severe COVID-19. Methods: Genetic data of rs11385942 and rs657152 SNPs of the 26 populations were obtained from the 1000 Genomes project. Phenotypes were assigned as high-risk, medium-risk or no-risk based on the carrying of characteristics risk alleles. Results: It was demonstrated that the prevalence of risk allele associated with rs11385942 SNP for developing severe COVID-19 was significantly different in various ethnic groups (Chi-square test, p<0.00001) with highly prevalent in South Asia (29.6%; 95% CI 27%-32%), followed by Europe (8.1%; 95% CI 6%-10%), Africa (5.3%; 95% CI 4%-7%), America (4.6%; 95% CI 3%-6%) and East Asia (0.5%; 95% CI 0%-1%), respectively. However, prevalence of risk allele associated with rs657152 SNP was not significantly different in various ethnic groups (Chi-square test, p=0.06) but was highly prevalent in South Asia (46.1%; 95% CI 44%-48%), followed by Africa (43.6%; 95% CI 43%-44%), Europe (36.8%; 95% CI 36%-37%), East Asia (36.3%; 95% CI 35%-38%) and America (30.5%; 95% CI 30%-31%), respectively. High-risk phenotypes associated with carrying two copies of rs11385942 variant alleles were significantly different in various ethnic groups (Chi-square test, p=0.005) with highly prevalent in South Asia (9.4%; 95% CI 7%-12%), followed by Africa (0.6%; 95% CI 0%-1%) and America (0.3%; 95% CI 0%-1%), respectively. Conclusion: Genetic associations of rs11385942 and rs657152 with severe COVID-19 should urgently assess in different ethnicities for pathogenesis of this pandemic disease.
General Characteristics of Brain Immunohistochemical Markers
Authors: L.I. BON
Published: February 2023

Neurons and neuroglia are an important object of medical and biological studies of the brain in normal and pathological conditions. The complexity of the cyto- and myeloarchitectonic of the central nervous system requires adequate methods for studying it. Immunohistochemical methods are among the most highly informative in establishing the morphological and functional characteristics of the nervous system, including during ontogenesis. The purpose of this review is to summarize and systematize literature data on immunohistochemical markers of neuro- and gliogenesis, proliferation, differentiation, and functional activity of nerve cells.
Morphological Changes in Neurons of The Parietal Cortex and Hippocampus of Rats with Partial Cerebral Ischemia
Authors: Bon E.I.
Published: February 2023

The study of the brain in health and disease is a relevant and promising area of modern science and, in this regard, a frequent topic of dissertation research. Cerebral ischemia leads to a number of general and local metabolic and functional disorders, the pathogenesis of which is complex, many-sided and largely unclear. The absence of pronounced morphological changes in the simulation of PCI after 1 hour in rats is explained by the compensation of blood circulation in the circle of Willis.
CellSonic cures chronic disease in a person. Sapiens Shield stops chronic disease in a population
Authors: Hague Andrew
Published: February 2023

All humans and many other species get cancer. It happens daily. The body’s cells replicate on average every six weeks. With billions of cells, some of the new cells fail to be exact copies of the previous cells. The new ones are different and are mutations that we call cancer. Survival of the species depends on removing the wrong cells and this is done by the immune system at night during proper sleep.
International Comparisons of Mortality from Diabetes Mellitus and Other Cardiometabolic Diosorders in The Ontopathogenic Model
Authors: V.I. Goudochnikov
Published: February 2023

Previously we have studied relative morbidity and mortality in Southern region of Brazil, and recently we have compared these parameters with epidemiologic indices of Argentina and Chile. In the present work we have used the database of World Health Organization (WHO), in order to perform direct comparisons of relative or proportional mortality caused by diabetes mellitus and other cardiometabolic disorders in Argentina and 3 European countries: Spain, France and United Kingdom (UK), during the two chronologic periods: 2008-2010 and 2011-2013. It was shown that age-related dynamics of relative mortality from hypertensive disorders was similar in the countries evaluated, however the patterns of such dynamics for diabetes mellitus and ischemic heart diseases were different in Argentina, as compared to 3 European counties evaluated. On the other hand, the calculation of feminine fraction of mortality has shown in all the 4 countries evaluated significant masculine predominance in mortality caused by hypertensive disorders and ischemic heart diseases in the intermediate age categories, as well progressive increase in feminine fraction of relative mortality, beginning from the age category 50-59 years, thus confirming our earlier proposal about accelerated aging of women with the onset of menopause. It is concluded that ontopathogenic model should be elaborated further by means of analyzing different databases including that of WHO, via international comparisons in various regions of the world.
An update on the Genetics of Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) with special emphasis on mini chromosome maintenance (MCM)8 &9-A Short Communication
Authors: Kaur Kulvinder Kochar
Published: February 2023

Objective- Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) comprises of enhanced gonadotropins, specifically follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and irregularity/ lack of menstruation inwomen< 40yrs of age.Having reviewed literatureearlier with a case report on genetics of POI with the advent of whole exon sequencing,here we aimed to update the same. Methods-Relevant search engineswas done to update literature on genetics in POI emphasizing on the part of maintenance complex competence 8/9 (MCM8 and MCM9) in POIon what had not been covered earliertill date. Results-On search it was evident that all the patients that manifested biallelic variations carrier of MCM9 presented with primary amenorrhea whereas the heterozygous carriers possessed greater probability of secondary amenorrhea. Further homozygous variations of MCM8,BRCA1 andRAD54L, were observed combined with MCM9 variations that coexisted in patients with MCM9 variations that coexisted in patients that pointed towards an accrual of action of genetic abnormalities impacted the robustness of POI. Furthermore, female mice with absence of Mcm8 or Mcm9 presented with infertility, which correlated with early germ cells elimination possessing a susceptibility for cancers,inclusive of Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)and ovarian tumors or hyperplasia. Recently in a Chinese cohort of 192POIwomen(192controls) 3 innovative heterozygous mutations were observed. Functional evaluation on HEK293 Kidney cells transfected with mutant plasmids illustrated that cells overexpressing mutant MCM9 possessed dysfunctional DNA repair ability besides haploinsufficiency of MCM9 was posited. Conclusions-With homozygous mutation carriers of MCM9 presenting CRC, HCC emphasis is laid on long term follow up significance for tumor watching possibly by DNA replication correlated healing by sustenance of fork integrity at the time ofreplication stress.
The Results of Pregnancy and childbirth In Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: I.I. Tosheva
Published: February 2023

Selection of an effective method of delivery for mother and child in pregnant women with gestational diabetes. Selecting the optimal method of delivery by studying the outcome of labor for the mother and fetus in women with gestational diabetes. The retrospective group included 67 women who passed through the regional perinatal center, city maternity complex and family clinics No. 5, No. 6 of the city of Bukhara in the periods from 2016 to 2018. The main (prospect) group consisted of 68 women whose pregnancy proceeded against the background of overt or gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The control group consisted of 31 women whose pregnancy proceeded physiologically. As a result of the study, the course of pregnancy and childbirth according to the history of childbirth and own observations revealed that in all (60%) pregnant women with GDM, pregnancy and childbirth proceeded with any complications, like in the mother and the fetus. Thus, pregnancy proceeded against the background of corrected diabetes with the use of the optimal insulin regimen and rational diet therapy, the absence of signs of diabetic fetopathy, then in this category of pregnant women, the delivery through the birth canal is considered the best option.
Recurrent diabetic foot ulcer: An educational image and expert opinion
Authors: Al-Mosawi Aamir Jalal
Published: February 2023

Background: The occurrence of diabetic foot ulcers is commonly attributed to factors including infection, diabetic neuropathy that are commonly associated poor control of blood sugar. History of foot ulcer is generally considered an important risk factor. Keywords: Richard Asher syndrome, Iraq. Patients and methods: The case of a diabetic and hypertensive male patient who had a history of previous foot ulcer, and developed a recurrence at the same site is described with emphasis on the current evidence-based therapeutic recommendations. Results: A 55-year diabetic hypertensive male who had a history of foot ulcer which healed completely after aggressive treatment before more than one year. The first ulcer was associated with clear evidence of infection with cellulitis and pus formation, but there was no evidence of gangrene. The first ulcer was treated successfully with antibiotic therapy followed by monthly intramuscular injection of benzathine penicillin. Topical treatment included topical antibiotic (fusidic acid) and topical dexpanthenol. Pentoxifylline was used instead valsartan to control hypertension and to improve peripheral vascular impairment. The patient also received alpha-lipoic acid supplementation. Few weeks before the occurrence of the second ulcer, the patient visited the practitioner of the organization who was working with, and for unclear reason, the doctor switched pentoxifylline with Coveram (Perindopril 10 mg + Amlodipine 10 mg). The ulcer was not associated with evidence of serious infection, and cellulitis like the first ulcer. However, the patient received oral antibiotics and topical therapies. To avoid injudicious frequent changes of antihypertensive medication, oral pentoxifylline was added in a dose of 400 mg daily. The second ulcer healed within one week. Conclusion: The medical treatment of the diabetic foot ulcer follows the principles of wound healing which include treatment of soft tissue infection, in addition to controlling factors more specifically related to diabetes such as neuropathy and peripheral vascular impairment. The current expert opinion suggests the use of monthly intramuscular benzathine penicillin, alpha-lipoic acid supplementation, and pentoxifylline in the long-term preventive therapies.
Licentiate of Medicine and Licentiate of Surgery
Authors: Ayoade Seun
Published: February 2023

M.L.L.S. is an acronym for the 4 year “Licentiate of Medicine and Licentiate of Surgery” degree which is the physician assistant degree I propose for the most populous country on the continent of Africa [1] sub-Saharan African countries with fewer inhabitants such as Ghana, Kenya, Uganda, South Africa and Zambia already have the physician assistant profession. Nigeria does not. Holders of the MLLS will be addressed as “doctors” and not “physician assistants”, “clinical officers” “physician associates”, “assistant doctors”, “medical licentiates” or any other distinguishing terms. [2-3] Their distinguishing factor from regular [MBBS] doctors will be the shorter duration of study, name of the degree and a lower salary which must never fall below 70% of the regular doctor’s salary. Entry requirements for admission will be less stringent than for MBBS students and it is assumed that MBBS students who fail exams may find solace in the less intensive MLLS program. This MLLS degree however will be a terminal one. Holders will not be allowed to specialize and will remain general practitioners for the rest of their lives. Here is why the MLLS is needed in Nigeria: Relatively low Average Life expectancy, large number of HIV type 2 at risk people, high maternal mortality rate, high infant mortality rate, many deaths from malaria, cholera and typhoid fever, low doctor patient ratio, many living below poverty line, many internally displaced people and many victims of VVF.
Synthesis and Analgesic Activity of 3-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-methylsulfanyl-3Hquinazolin-4-one (4) and 3-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-thioxo-2,3-dihydro1H-quinazolin-4-one (3) Via N-(3- methoxyphenyl)-methyl dithiocarbamic acid (2).
Authors: Peter Osarodion Osarumwense
Published: February 2023

Introduction: 4(3H)-quinazolinone rings have been reported to possess different biological activities such as antibacterial, antifungal, antitubercular, antiviral, anticancer. These activities also include antihypertensive, diuretic, antimicrobial, pesticidal, anticonvulsant, anaesthetic and sedative activities, anti-malarial, and anti-diabetic. Methods/Experimental: The compound, 3-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-thioxo-2,3-dihydro1H-quinazolin-4-one (3) was synthesized by dissolving Methyl anthranilate and N-(3- methoxyphenyl)-methyl dithiocarbamic acid in ethanol and anhydrous potassium carbonate and refluxed for 23 h and re-precipitated by treating with dilute hydrochloric. When tested for their in vitro analgesic activity using acetic acid induced induced writhing in mice, the compounds had Analgesic activity. Result: The compounds exhibited significant analgesic activity in the range of 74.67 - 83.80% in comparison to control. Conclusions: From our findings, the compounds synthesized have higher analgesic activities as compared to the standard analgesic drug.
Observational Survey to Assess Platelet Concentration and Ani - Microbial Potency of Different Blood Extracts
Authors: Singh Arjun
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Platelet concentrates have gained popularity in periodontal regenerative therapy because of its autologous nature. it promotes wound healing after surgical periodontal therapy. Aim: to study the platelet count and antimicrobial efficacy of various platelet concentrates, such as PRP, PRF and IPRF Methodology: An Observational Study was carried out at Department of Periodontology & Implantology at Babu Banarasi das College of Dental Sciences. Sample size was 45. Ten ml of blood was drawn from the patient out of which 3ml each of blood will be used for PRP, PRF and I-PRF preparation and remaining 1ml of blood was used for determining the platelet count. For I-PRF preparation, 3ml of blood wias used, d centrifuged at 700 rpm for 3 minutes. For PRF preparation, Agar plates will be inoculated with plaque sample of same patient and will be labelled and divided into 3 compartments. Wells was prepared in the inoculated agar plate and 0.1 ml of PRP, PRF and I-PRF will be placed in those wells. Inoculated blood agar plates was then incubated aerobically at 37℃ for 24 hours to 48 hours. Results: The platelet count of i-PRF was statistically significant when compared to control (P < 0.001). It was also significant when compared to PRP (P < 0.01) and PRF (P < 0.001). Mean zone of inhibition around i-PRF (P < 0.01) and PRF (P < 0.05) reached statistical significance. Although a distinct zone of inhibition was seen with PRP, it was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Conclusion: In the present study, although a distinct zone of inhibition was obtained with all test samples, it was significant with only i-PRF and PRF.
Molecular Genetic Identification of Some Sweet Sorghum - Sorghum bicolor L. (Ankolib) Accessions - Sudan
Authors: Alsiddig Ahmed Asaad
Published: February 2023

This study is an attempt to identify some Sudanese Sweet Sorghum (Ankolib) [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.] accessions using two types of DNA-based markers: RAPD and SSR. Seven (Ankolib) accessions were assayed, namely: Black Ankolib, Black White Ankolib, Dark Red Ankolib, Red Yellow Ankolib, White Ankolib, White Black Ankolib and Bengaga. All of the accessions were uniquely identified and fingerprinted. The levels of polymorphism among the accessions as revealed by (22) RAPD primers and (16) SSR primer pairs were (58%) and (76%) respectively, indicating that SSRs markers were highly polymorphic. The scored data of the two markers were analyzed using the Dice Coefficient to assess genetic relationships among the (7) (Ankolib) accessions. The results of the statistical analysis revealed that the accession Bengaga was distantly related to the other (6) accessions which all showed a close genetic similarity among them. UPGMA cluster analysis generated a dendrogram for each marker alone and for the combined data of the two markers. It was observed that in all of the dendrogram the accession Bengaga was found in a unique cluster thus indicating its uniqueness, since it is the only accession that has seeds that produce flour besides its juicy sweet stem.
Kapsayıcı Eğitimde Toplum, Okul Ve Aile İşbirliği Fırsatları
Authors: TAGİYEVA Sevda
Published: February 2023

Kapsayıcı eğitim. Tüm öğrenciler yetenekleri, sağlık yetenekleri veya sınırlılıkları ne olursa olsun, kendi akranları ile aynı okulda, aynı sınıfta, aynı öğretmen tarafından eğitim görür, sosyal ilişkiler kurmaya ve iyi bir eğitim almalarına olanak sağlar. Kapsayıcı eğitim herkesin hakkıdır ve temel özelliği çeşitliliğin herkes tarafında kabul edilmesidir.
Mondros Ateşkes Antlaşması’ndan Mudanya Mütarekesi’ne Türk Siyasal Egemenlik Mücadelesi
Authors: ARSLAN Lütfi
Published: February 2023

30 Ekim 1918 tarihinde imzalanan Mondros Ateşkes Anlaşması ile Osmanlı Devleti, I. Dünya Savaşı’ndan çıkarak, savaş durumuna son vermiştir. Ateşkes, stratejik nokta ve bölgelerin işgaline zemin hazırlarken; boğazlar, demir yolları ve limanların kontrolünün İtilaf Devletleri denetimine verilmesine yol açmıştır. Ayrıca Mondros Ateşkesi; orduların terhis edilmesine, donanmanın teslimine ve hava birliklerinin dağıtılmasına neden olmuştur. Bu maddeleri ile Mondros; bir ateşkes anlaşmasından ziyade bir barış anlaşması niteliği ile ön plana çıkmıştır. Ateşkes hükümleri, Osmanlı Devleti’nin siyasal egemenliğini sınırlandırmış ve hakimiyetini tartışmalı hale getirmiştir. Böylece, Mondros Ateşkes Anlaşması ile Osmanlı Devleti fiilen sona ermiştir. Mondros Ateşkesi sonrasında Osmanlı topraklarının işgali, Mustafa Kemal Paşa önderliğinde Türk istiklal mücadelesinin başlamasına etki etmiştir. Genelgeler ve kongreler ile örgütlenen milli mücadele hareketi, TBMM’nin açılması ile kurumsal bir kimlik kazanmıştır. TBMM’nin açılmasından sonra düzenli ve disiplinli orduların kurulmasına başlanmıştır. Bu sırada yapılan bir dizi savaş ardından icra edilen Büyük Taarruz sonucunda Yunanlar Anadolu’dan atılmıştır. Yunanlar, Anadolu’dan atıldıktan sonra İstanbul’un kurtarılması için Türk ordusu tarafından bir harekât başlatılmıştır. Bu durum Türk ve İtilaf güçlerinin karşı karşıya gelmesine neden olmuştur. Sonuçta olası bir savaşı engellemek için taraflar arasında yapılan görüşmeler sonucunda Mudanya Ateşkes Anlaşması imzalanmıştır. Mudanya ile İtilaf güçleriyle olan savaş haline son verilmiştir. Ayrıca İstanbul ve boğazlar ve Doğu Trakya’nın yönetimi TBMM’ye devredilmiştir. Böylece Mudanya Ateşkesi ile Osmanlı Devleti de hukuken sona ermiş oldu. Mondros Ateşkesi ile Osmanlı Devleti’nin siyasal egemenliği sınırlandırılmış, Mudanya ile de Türk devletinin hakimiyeti pekişmiştir. İki mütareke farklı şartlar altında ve farklı dönemlerde imza edilerek, Türk tarihindeki yerini almıştır. Osmanlıdan Cumhuriyet Türkiye’sine geçişte Türk siyasal egemenliğinin yeniden tesis edilmesinin siyasi ve askeri safhalarındaki kritik ve stratejik noktalar ortaya konulmaya çalışılan bu araştırmada, arşiv belgeleri ve tetkik eser-makaleler nitel araştırma yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. I. Dünya Savaşı ile zarar gören Türk siyasal egemenlik anlayışının Milli Mücadelenin kazanılarak yeniden tesis edildiği görülmüştür.
Türk Eğitim Politikaları Sorunları
Authors: ÇÖRTÜK Muhammet Mustafa , ÇÖRTÜK Gökhan
Published: February 2023

Eğitim, geçmişten bugüne değin insanların kalkınma ve refah yaşam sürme amacı için araç konumunda olmuştur. Bu eğitim aracını düzenli şekilde kullanabilmek nihai amaç olan refah yaşama ulaşmayı sağlamaktadır. Bunun için de eğitim aracını sistematik ve sürdürülebilir politikalar ile düzenlemek gerekir.
Ülkemiz eğitim politikalarına değindiğimiz bu çalışmamızın amacı ülkemiz eğitim politikaları konusunda yaşanan sorunları tespit etmektir.
Leveraging the Past for Better Futures
Authors: Ovink Henk
Published: February 2023

In 1977 the first UN Conference on Water took place in Mar del Plata, Argentina. We were already aware of the need for water security for all, yet unable to figure out how to get there. The effects of pollution and emissions on climate and the interlinkages with water were not left undiscussed. We also discussed the need for action on Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH), Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) and more. But there was no clear follow up, no roadmap nor institutional capacity, let alone political or societal ownership. Water, always perceived as a sector, continues to be perceived as a sector. A sector to call on when the pipes fail to function or when water floods our communities or is absent or too polluted to use. That perspective is not only unrealistic, but has led to the abuse of this vital yet scarce resource. The mismanagement and undervaluing of water has helped damage the hydrological cycle, undermining everything we value and want to achieve.
FinTech Miscellanea
Authors:   Faculty of Management, University of Warsaw, Górka Jakub , Żemigała Marcin ,   Faculty of Management, University of Warsaw
Published: February 2023

Scientific monograph focused on selected issues related to new technologies in financial services (FinTech). The publication is one of the few to include scientific articles and short popular science articles published on the Facebook page written exclusively by undergraduates and graduates, coming from different scientific centers. The authors mainly represent the fields of finance, management, law and economics.
Kwantyfikacja korzyści innowacyjnych zastosowań RegTech i SupTech w nadzorze finansowym
Authors:   Uniwersytet Warszawski, Wydział Zarządzania, Kowalik Aleksandra
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this paper is to present the innovative technologies used by the RegTech (regulatory technology) and SupTech (supervisory technology) industries and examine the extent to which their use in financial supervision impacts the reduction of time and cost of regulatory compliance. RegTech and SupTech, emerging from the ashes of the 2008 financial crisis, are not only helping to reduce the compliance burden and compliance time along with costs for financial institutions and supervisors but, more importantly, are fundamentally changing the nature of the financial services industry. This paper presents some key examples of the application of RegTech and SupTech. Data from nearly 40 regulators and expert sources in more than 20 developed, emerging and developing economies are analyzed, and two case studies are highlighted. These aspects were investigated using the following research methods: desk research and case study. The analysis provides an overview of the actual benefits of implementing these technologies. The paper tries to show the innovative changes RegTech and SupTech bring to different areas of financial supervision. Additionally, the study identifies the success factors of both industries and reviews the actual benefits of implementing these technologies. On this basis, their impact on financial supervision, the adaptation process of financial institutions, as well as the potential for the development of regulatory and supervisory technology in the future were analyzed.
FinTech – student kontra finanse: analiza badania
Authors:   University of Oslo, Para Andrzej
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the article is to analyze the condition of personal finances among university students interested in economics and entrepreneurship. The article looks at a survey conducted on a group of a couple of hundred economics and business students. An executive summary and a review of the survey results provide a starting point for the formulation of conclusions. The survey is divided into several subsections: banking, alternatives to banking, student-investor, cryptocurrencies, and student debt. The most apparent conclusion is the relatively low level of understanding of blockchain mechanisms, or banking and financial services – particularly with the survey awareness of students in finance-related majors.
Modelowy schemat silnego uwierzytelnienia użytkownika w kontekście europejskiej dyrektywy PSD2 oraz polskiej ustawy o usługach płatniczych
Authors:   Uniwersytet Warszawski, Wydział Zarządzania, Tomecki Igor
Published: February 2023

This article is dedicated to the analysis of Strong Customer Authentication (SCA) in the context of the Payment Services Directive (PSD2) and the Payment Services Act. The subject of the research is the available methods of consumer identity confirmation that meet the conditions imposed by the legislature and that are possible to implement in the current state of technological development. This article aims to develop a model blueprint for Strong Customer Authentication that meets the conditions imposed by both European and national legislators. The research method used in the article is the analysis of secondary sources, including books, reports, and legal acts. Research indicates that the most beneficial for all parties involved is to base strong user authentication on the verification of both physical and passive behavioural biometrics. According to the opinion of the European Banking Authority, they can be classified as elements of two different categories, thus fulfilling Strong Customer Authentication requirements.