bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Old Magician, New Magic: Dirhodium Tetracarboxylates, Unprecedented Bifunctionality in Metallaphotocatalysis
Authors: Zhang Tianyuan , Yang Jiying , Li Yukai , Shu Jirong , Zhao Jingyu , Zhang Mengchu , Zhang Dan , Hu Wenhao , Shi taoda
Published: June 2023

Metallaphotocatalysis has been recognized as a pivotal catalysis for enabling new reactivities and for expanding chemical space. Traditional metallaphotocatalysis often requires two or more separate catalysts and exhibits flaw in cost and substrate-tolerance, thus representing an await-to-solve issue in catalysis. We herein realize metallaphotocatalysis with a bifunctional dirhodium tetracarboxylate ([Rh2]) alone.The [Rh2] shows an unprecedente photocatalytic activity via a rarely used metal-to-metal transition in photocatalysis. Based on the activity, the [Rh2] connects carbene chemistry and siglet oxygen chemistry to enable a novel photochemical cascde reaction (PCR). The PCR is characterized by high atom-efficiency, excellent stereoselectivities, mild conditions, scalable synthesis, and valuable products. DFT calculations-aided mechanistic study rationalizes the reaction pathway and interprets stereoselectivities of the PCR. The products showed inhibitory activity against PTP1B, being promising in the treatment of type II diabetes and cancers. We believe this work will shed light on discovering bifunctional catalysts for metallaphotocatalysis and on developing PCRs for exploring chemical space.
Sensorless control strategy for electrolytic capacitor-less IPMSM drive system
Authors: Zhou Qixun Zhou , chen Xingrui , sun Wenhao , Liu Wei
Published: June 2023

In order to solve the problems that the variables in the electrolytic capacitor-less drive system fluctuate greatly at twice the grid frequency, the observed rotor position signal is doped with harmonics, resulting in poor rotor position accuracy and large speed fluctuation. In order to improve the observation accuracy and dynamic performance of the traditional MRAS observer, a speed estimation strategy based on the improved super-twisting algorithm adaptive observer (STA-AO) is proposed for sensorless without electrolytic capacitor. This method introduces the super-twisting sliding mode algorithm into the traditional MRAS observer to replace the PI adaptive mechanism in the observer, which can improve the convergence speed of the error between the reference model output and the adjustable model output and the robustness of the observer. The simulation results show that compared with the traditional MRAS observer, the improved method improves the position observation accuracy of the observer and improves the dynamic performance and robustness of the speed estimation strategy. The experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed estimation method.
ChemFlow_py: A Flexible Toolkit for Docking and Rescoring
Authors: Monari Luca , Galentino Katia , Cecchini Marco
Published: June 2023

The design of accurate virtual screening tools is an open challenge in drug discovery. Several structure-based methods have been developed at different levels of approximation. Among them, molecular docking is an established technique with high efficiency, but typically low accuracy. Moreover, docking performances are known to be target-dependent, which makes the choice of docking program and corresponding scoring function critical when approaching a new protein target. To compare the performances of different docking protocols, we developed ChemFlow_py, an automated tool to perform docking and rescoring. Using four protein systems extracted from DUD-E with 100 known active compounds and 3000 decoys per target, we compared the performances of several rescoring strategies including consensus scoring. We found that the average docking results can be improved by consensus ranking, which emphasizes the relevance of consensus scoring when little or no chemical information is available for a given target. ChemFlow_py is a free toolkit to optimize the performances of virtual high-throughput screening. The software is publicly available at https://github.com/IFMlab/ChemFlow_py.
Catching the red eye: field evidence that artificial prey with red eye-like markings are preferentially avoided by avian predators
Authors: Loeffler-Henry Karl , Sherratt Thomas N.
Published: June 2023

Calyptrate muscoids (Diptera: Schizophora) are globally distributed flies and among the most maneuverable of flying insects. A salient feature of many calyptrate species is their large red eyes. Given their abundance and evasiveness, it has been postulated that birds might learn to associate the red eye trait with difficulty of capture, and subsequently avoid this prey type. This hypothesis is strengthened by the observation that many arthropods, from spiders to weevils, appear to have evolved a resemblance to calyptrates, including their prominent red eyes. To test the hypothesis directly we pinned 1000 artificial beetles with grey and red eyes onto trees over three separate transects and inspected them 26 days later. As predicted, there was over twice the predation on grey-eyed beetles than red-eyed beetles. The implications of this result are discussed, including how one could quantify the ecological and phylogenetic association between a signaller’s red eyes and its evasiveness.
The effect of strain rate on unidirectional glass fiber composites in both bridging and non-bridging scenarios
Authors: Shaker Wafaa , Awad Taher , Elhadary Mostafa
Published: June 2023

Experimentally, the mode I delamination behaviour of unidirectional glass/epoxy composites at quasi-static strain rates of 1, 3, and 5 is explored. When comparing variation between fracture toughness GIC values at 1 mm/min and GIC at 3 mm/min, the average variation is 30% increasing. However, the average variance in GIC between 3 mm/min and 5 mm/min is 11% increasing. As a result, the crack propagation velocity has a noticeable effect on the value of GIC at lower speeds and a limited effect at higher speeds. The same comparison is made with bridging specimens for 1 and 3mm/min strain rate, the average variation is 37% reduction, which contradicts the non-bridging case. Fiber bridging causes the measured fracture toughness to be overestimated while concealing the strain rate effect, according to our findings. It is apparent that the bridging phenomena reflected the variation value in the bridging case. The specimens with a 5 mm/min strain rate, on the other hand, did not produce the expected bridging and instead operated as non-bridging specimens. The viscoelastic nature of composites can be associated these findings.
Adsorption characteristics of nitrogen on activated carbons for sorption compressors
Authors: Liu Biqiang , Cao Haishan
Published: June 2023

Vibration-free sorption compressors are thermally driven and can be used to supply a pressure wave to a cryocooler. The adsorption isotherms and kinetics data of nitrogen on activated carbon is the important input for sorption compressors for cryocoolers operating at liquid nitrogen temperature. However, there is little research on the adsorption capacity and kinetics of nitrogen on activated carbon for sorption compressor, which requires the adsorption measurement at extreme conditions, such as high temperatures and high pressures. This study presents the adsorption isotherm and kinetics of two types of activated carbon, Norit RB4 and Chemviron AP4-60, at temperature from 223.15 K to 723.15 K and pressure up to 10 MPa using a volumetric adsorption analyzer. Based on the measured data, three adsorption isotherm models, including dual-site Langmuir, Sips and Toth isotherm model, are utilized to fit the total adsorption amount. The results reveals that the dual-site Langmuir isotherm model is the best proper model for fitting the total adsorption amount. The isosteric heat of adsorption is calculated and the kinetics data is fitted using Crank model. Through global fitting, the effective mass transfer coefficients of RB4 and AP4-60 are given as 0.0297-1 and 0.0303-1, respectively. These results will be helpful for high efficiency sorption compressor development.
Systemic diagrams to Overcome Setbacks in African Socio-Economic Development
Authors: Banson Kwamina Ewur , Nguyen Nam , Kusi Khalid Alhalsan
Published: June 2023

Governance inevitably impacts world economy with high socio-economic costs. In the early days after Africans independence there were regional development plans which helped Africa to record high economic growth of 6–7%. However, Africa has never been left to rest after independence, it has been subjugated by the so call advocators which are in control of it resources which in turn influence its socio-economic development. Any time problems of Africans are diagnosed and antidote is administered, a new wound appears. Therefore this paper adopts systemic approach to intervention to identify the setbacks in African socio-economic development. The combination of historic data obtained from some African countries, interviews in Ghana and the literature review regarding the use of the four levels of thinking model provided an overview of the current structures that affect African developing system riddled with feedback loops. Results indicated that aid in reality is not coming to Africa but from Africa to the western world. Developed rich countries donations of 0.7% of their gross national income to support African socio-economic development has not yielded it intended benefits yet since the 70s. Africans are globalized in the contest of opening their markets, under an unjust trade rules leading to the collapse of domestic industries which in turn keeps Africans dependent on imports. This leads to monies being repatriated out of African economies leaving it poorer. African countries have the highest tax rates in the world in order to generate money to pay their loans making it impossible to build roads, factories, hospitals etc in this countries. The world is bothered by Africa when they want to take resources out of Africa. The time is now to wake up and to begin to find African solutions to African problems. Systems thinking to intervention can Africa realized all unintended consequences of her decisions and help it find new ways to improve efficiency and resource economy.
Detection and characterization of incidental vibrations from Drosophila suzukii in infested fruits
Authors: Fellin Lorenzo , Bertagnolli Giulia , Mazzoni Valerio , Anfora Gianfranco , Agostinelli Claudio , Stacconi Marco Valerio Rossi , Nieri Rachele
Published: June 2023

The spotted-wing drosophila (SWD), Drosophila suzukii(Matsumura), is an invasive species native to East Asia and now widespread worldwide. Major economic damage is caused by the larvae developing within ripening soft-skin fruit. Currently, larval detection in fruit is limited to destructive methods and post-harvest control strategies heavily rely on the use of chemicals or cold to inhibit egg eclosion and larval growth. Feeding larvae are likely to induce substrate-borne vibrations in the berry that could be exploited as cues by predators or to develop a non-invasive pest detection method, an approach previously applied on leaves and wooden structures, but never on fresh fruit. We used a laser vibrometer to detect and characterize the incidental vibrations produced by D.suzukii larvae within fresh blueberries at five different pest age (48, 96, 168, 216 and 264 hours). An innovative statistical analysis was performed to assess if infestation level (number of pupae) and pest age (hours after exposure) affect the spectrum and the amplitude of vibrations. The recordings of infested berries were characterized by the presence of a series of broad-band pulses (frequency range 0.1 - 2 kHz) without a regular temporal pattern, in an amplitude range between 12.1 and 946 µm/s. Furthermore, the analysis revealed the possibility to distinguish between different pest ages and infestation levels. By a spectral analysis of the recordings, the pest ages can be distinguished among each other, but for the age groups at 168 and 216 hours after infestation. The vibration amplitude trend gradually increased up to 168-216 hours after infestation, and then decreased until fly emergence. Low-infested blueberries showed a faster D. suzukii development time compared to high-infested blueberries. This was reflected into vibrational recordings, as low-infested blueberries exhibited peak amplitude at earlier stage compared to high-infested ones. Results suggest that D. suzukii larvae induce detectable vibrations by feeding within berries that are dependent on infestation level and pest age. We discuss the possible ecological role of such vibrations as cues for unintended receivers, such as predators and parasitoids, and their potential for innovative infestation detection methods.
Relationship Between Socio-Economic Background, USMLE Step Scores, and Demographics of International Medical Graduates and Residency Match Results
Authors: Hunter Daria D. , Campbell Ronna L. , Mullan Aidan F. , Anderson Joel R. , Homme James L.
Published: June 2023

Purpose
Twenty five percent of practicing physicians in the US are International Medical Graduates (IMGs) – physicians who completed their medical school training outside of the United States and Canada. There are multiple studies demonstrating higher socio-economic background is associated with medical school matriculation in the US. However, despite a substantial prevalence of IMGs in the American healthcare system, studies of the association between demographics, socio-economic background, and securing a residency position in the match are lacking.
Methods
We created a survey with questions on residency match-related data and information on personal socio-economic background. An invitation to participate in the study was sent to all IMGs that applied to the included residency programs after the conclusion of the 2022 residency match. We used multivariable logistic regression to compare survey responses to the odds of securing a residency match.
Results
The total number of survey respondents was 744 (response rate 15.1%). We found that younger age, higher United States Medical License Examination (USMLE) scores, higher-income country of origin (including the United States), fewer match attempts, applying to fewer specialties, having parents with college degree or higher, and coming from higher-than-average or lower-than-average family income were associated with increased odds of matching. Gender, personal income, and visa status did not demonstrate significant associations with residency match.
Conclusions
Residency match is a significant expense for IMGs, especially for those from lower-income countries. International applicants from higher socio-economic backgrounds might have advantages in securing medical residency positions in the United States when controlling for other variables.
Use of WeChat-based patient-doctor interaction improves patient experience, but not outcomes, of Helicobacter pylori treatment: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Lin Boshen , Zhang Wenlin , Zhang Jinghui , Lin Minjuan , Liu Jing , Han Zhongxue , Ding Yuming , Kong Qingzhou , Duan Miao , Li Yueyue , Zuo Xiuli , Li Yanqing
Published: June 2023

Aim To investigate whether a WeChat-based patient-doctor interaction (WPDI) could improve treatment outcomes and patient experience ofHelicobacter pylorieradication therapy. Methods Treatment-naive patients were randomly allocated to either the WPDI group or the control group in a 1:1 ratio. The WPDI group received routine education consisting of oral education and written materials, then joined a WeChat group chat and participated in the interaction with physicians. On the other hand, the control group received only routine education. Subsequently, all participants received vonoprazan-containing quadruple therapy. To evaluate the eradication rate, the urea breath test was examined six weeks after the treatment. Additionally, patient experience, compliance, and adverse events were further evaluated. Results In total, 438 patients were enrolled for randomization. The WPDI group achieved eradication rates of 90.4% (198/219), 93.4% (198/212), and 94.2% (194/206), as evaluated by intention-to-treat, modified intention-to-treat, and per-protocol analysis, respectively. The eradication rates were comparable to those in the control group (89.5% [196/219], 93.3% [196/210], and 94.6% [192/203]. More patients voted that the treatment was satisfactory or very satisfactory in the WPDI group (90.3% vs. 74.9%;P < 0.001), whereas more participants tended to feel worried (16.0% vs. 26.1%;P = 0.012) and perturbed (11.7% vs. 22.7%;P = 0.003) during the treatment period in the control group. The two groups exhibited similar levels of compliance and adverse events. Conclusions The WeChat-based patient-doctor interaction improved patient experience significantly; however, the treatment outcomes ofHelicobacter pylorieradication therapy were not promoted significantly.
Metabolomic analysis of human papillary thyroid carcinoma using UPLC-Q- TOFMS
Authors: Man Guodong , ma ruixia , Wang Jianli , Wang Juan , Liu Qinjiang , Wang Jun , Zhou Jianye
Published: June 2023

Papillary thyroid carcinoma is the most common type of thyroid cancer worldwide, but its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to develop a non-targeted, metabolism-based tissue metabolomic analysis method and comprehensively identify the papillary thyroid carcinoma metabolic network in clinical samples based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography and quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOFMS). UPLC-Q-TOFMS was used to analyze metabolic changes in matched papillary thyroid carcinoma and paracancerous thyroid tissues obtained from patients. Principal component analysis, partial least square discriminant analysis, and orthogonal partial least square discriminant analysis models were used to separate paracancerous human thyroid and papillary thyroid carcinoma samples. In papillary thyroid carcinoma samples, the levels of L-α-amino acids, leucine, β-amino acids, valine, alanine, methionine, and their derivatives, as well as those of polypeptides, were significantly lower than those in paracancerous tissue. In contrast, the levels of dibucaine, propyzamide, tyrosine, pidotimod, deoxysappanone B 7,4′-dimethyl ether, hippurate, and emodic acid were significantly increased. In addition, metabolites with significant differences in expression were mainly involved in amino acid biosynthesis and metabolism and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) metabolic pathway. According to the results of our metabolomic and bioinformatics analyses, various metabolites may regulate the synthesis and expression of proteins in papillary thyroid carcinoma by regulating amino acid metabolism and mTOR-related pathways, which may be related to papillary thyroid carcinoma pathogenesis. This study provides novel insights into the metabolic abnormalities of papillary thyroid carcinoma and presents a potential method for its treatment.
Theoretical framework for incorporating routine maintenance long-term performance into pavement management using Markov chains
Authors: Abaza Khaled A
Published: June 2023

this paper proposes three different models for investigating the long-term performance of routine maintenance works using the discrete-time Markov model. The three models are called (M1, M2 & M3) models representing specific forms of the transition probability matrix. The (M1) model only incorporates the routine maintenance variables (Mi,i−1) under the assumption of only one-state upgrade. The (M2 & M3) models incorporate both routine maintenance variables (Mi,i−1), and major rehabilitation variables (Qi,1) under the assumption of upgrade to condition state (1). Two different modelling methods are proposed for pavement long-term performance investigation in the presence of maintenance and rehabilitation (M&R) variables. The first one is the project-level approach as applied to small pavement networks which assumes that all M&R works can be performed in a short-time period. The second one is the network-level approach which requires the M&R works to be spanned over the entire year as applied to large pavement networks. A model cost-effectiveness index is proposed to evaluate the long-term performance of potential M&R schedules under unconstrained annual budget, while M&R variable cost-effectiveness indices are proposed as useful parameters for yielding optimal M&R schedules under constrained annual budget. The sample results indicated the unrealistic performance of the (M1) model, and the usefulness of the (M2 & M3) models in yielding reliable long-term M&R schedules. The unconstrained approach indicated the optimal M&R schedule is the one associated with highest M&R variable values, and the constrained approach revealed that the optimal solutions are dominated by M&R variables with lowest cost-effectiveness indices.
The Bone Mineral Density of the Skull and its relation with Subdural Hematoma in Craniofacial Trauma in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
Authors: Radanović Dražen , Matić Sniša , Pajić Srbislav , Slijepčević Nikola , Knežević Saša , Jakovljević Sofija , Elboursh Dušan , Mirčić Uroš , Čukić Bojan , Savić Andrija
Published: June 2023

Introduction:
Subdural hematomas (SDHs) are common clinical entities after a traumatic brain injury (TBI). Due to the complicated pathophysiological mechanism of SDHs, the further clinical course of patients with SDHs is affected by pathological entities such as both global and focal ischemia beneath hematoma, reactive hyperemia/hyperperfusion, coagulopathy, delayed hematomas. The hormonal and metabolic imbalance that exists in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) can have a positive and negative impact on bone mineral density (BMD). So far, a small number of studies with BMD estimation in women with PCOS have been performed and the results are heterogeneous, while several studies have reported that the prevalence of cerebrovascular risk factors is higher in women with PCOS.
Aim
To examine BMD in women with PCOS and the impact on the pathophysiological mechanism of SDH, and the tendency to craniofacial injuries with reference to laboratory and biochemical prognostic factors of patient outcomes.
Material and methods
We evaluated 48 women with PCOS (age: 25.35 ± 5.16 years) and 20 healthy women of the control group (CG), matched by BMI (age: 32.47 ± 5.70 years), cranium BMD, and homocysteine levels.
Results
There was a significant increase in the mean homocysteine level ​​(39 ± 1.36) in the PCOS group, and the BMD(Vault) (0.84 ± 0.11) as well.
Conclusion
Women with PCOS, matched by BMI and equalized by age, together with the homocysteine and BDM results, a correlation between PCOS and the occurrence of subdural hematoma exists. Prevalence of cerebrovascular risk factors is higher in women with PCOS due to higher homocysteine levels.
A SAS Macro to Extend the Friedman Test for the Unbalanced Case Plus a Multiple Comparisons Procedure
Authors: KA Easley
Published: June 2023

A SAS Macro utilizing the method of m rankings (or within block ran kings) generates the Benard-van Elteren test statistic which is an extension of the Friedman test that permits empty cells and any number of observations per cell. A multiple comparisons procedure for pairwise comparisons of treatments is included for use in conjunction with the Benard-van Elteren test Additional applications of this Macro include the Kruskal-Wallis test and the analysis of a two-treatment, two-period, four-sequence crossover model.
Effects of emissions allocations and ambition assessments immediately based on equity
Authors: Dekker Mark , Vuuren Detlef van , Schaeffer Michiel , du Pont Yann Robiou
Published: June 2023

National emissions targets are collectively insufficient to align with the Paris Agreement. The literature quantifying national emissions trajectories based on equity principles will inform the Global Stocktake on the ambition of national 2030 targets. Ambition assessments based on trajectories that start at present-day emissions levels inherently reward past inaction thus far, and increasingly do so into the future. Here we quantify emissions trajectories based on equity principles applied with immediate effect. We find national targets of G7 countries, Russia and China responsible for most of the global ambition gap, while only those of some countries in the Global South align with their 1.5°C allocation. Discontinuous trajectories not starting at current emissions levels imply stronger international support that can mobilize the capital needed to implement the 1.5°C trajectory globally. The difference between allocation with or without discontinuity has remarkable consequences for the relative implied contributions among high-income countries to international support.
Effect of template and primer-probe concentration level on shape of qPCR amplification curve
Authors: Ng Wenfa
Published: June 2023

Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) is the gold standard approach for the sensitive detection of a variety of pathogens in the bacterial genre. This work sought to understand the effect of template concentration and primer and probe concentration on the shape of the qPCR amplification curve from a computer simulation perspective. An in-house MATLAB qPCR simulator was developed for this work, and all modelling conditions are in the ideal state. For example, the qPCR efficiency, polymerisation efficiency, and efficiency in which primers and probe bind to the DNA are assumed to be ideal. Results reveal that Ct value becomes larger with lower initial template concentration as smaller amount of template requires more cycles for the cumulative fluorescence to cross a threshold. On the other hand, lower primer and probe concentration would give rise to saturated qPCR amplification curve at lower fluorescence intensity. Overall, the results concur with theoretical predictions, and the qPCR simulator may be a good teaching tool for the theoretical basics of qPCR.
Resemblance of Benedetto Cotrugli’s and Aristotle’s Lists of Ethical Virtues
Authors: Balić Davor , Papo Demian
Published: June 2023

U osamnaest poglavlja treće knjige spisa o umijeću trgovanja (Libro del arte del mercatura, 1458.) hrvatski je renesansni filozof Benedikt Kotruljević (oko 1416. – 1469.) izložio popis etičkih vrlina koje bi trebale obilježavati savršena trgovca. Njegov etički nauk nastao je pod snažnim utjecajem Aristotelove misli. Zbog toga ne čudi da Kotruljevićev popis etičkih vrlina nalikuje onom koji je Aristotel načinio u sedmom poglavlju druge knjige svoje Nikomahove etike. U ovom smo radu ispitali i usporedili Kotruljevićev s Aristotelovim popisom etičkih vrlina, pritom pružajući uvid u sličnosti i razlike tih dvaju popisa te otkrivajući u kojoj su mjeri podudarni. U ranijim je istraživanjima dokazano da su Kotruljevićevo i Aristotelovo razumijevanje vrline pravednosti podudarni. Međutim, u radu smo ustanovili da se od ukupno trinaest etičkih vrlina još njih šest (pouzdanje, lukavost ili domišljatost, čestitost, darežljivost, stidljivost i umjerenost) s Kotruljevićeva popisa temelji upravo na Aristotelovoj etici.
The Nonsense of “Applied Ethics”
Authors: Čović Ante
Published: June 2023

Aktualni proces fragmentiranja etike na brojne posebne etike autor u polazištu članka ocjenjuje kao proces destruiranja etike kao filozofske discipline. To dovodi u vezu s povijesnim neuspjehom etike koja zbog kategorijalnih ograničenja nije bila u stanju odgovoriti na izazove uznapredovale znanstveno-tehničke civilizacije, uslijed čega je nastao »etički vakuum« (H. Jonas). U reakciji na etički vakuum nastale su brojne etičke inicijative koje autor, prema učincima na rehabilitaciju uloge tradicionalne etike i na stvaranje novog orijentacijskog okvira, razvrstava na destruktivnu i produktivnu liniju. Na produktivnoj crti prevladavanja etičkog vakuuma nastala je bioetika koja je, zajedno s drugim etičkim projektima, stvorila novo orijentacijsko ozračje koje autor naziva »novom etičkom kulturom«. Na destruktivnoj liniji, uz inflaciju posebnih etika, pojavio se i poseban oblik destrukcije u vidu implantiranja »primijenjene etike«, koju autor označava kao besmislen pojam, u tkivo tradicionalne etike. Potom autor izlaže tri glavna problema primijenjene etike. Prvi je glavni problem supstancijalne naravi i sastoji se u tome što ona nema i u načelu ne može imati neupitne norme kao objekt primjene. Drugi je glavni problem metodološke naravi i sastoji se u neprimjerenosti i neprihvaćenosti deduktivizma kao modela primjenjivanja etičkih normi na praksu. Treći je glavni problem uporabne naravi i sastoji se u razvijanju mita o praktičnosti primijenjene etike. Autor izvodi zaključak da primijenjena etika nije ni etički koncept ni etički projekt nego marketinški brend koji se na etičkom planu ispostavlja kao besmisao. U poanti članka autor tvrdi da je primijenjena etika postala institucijom etičkog apsurda u onom trenutku kada je kao isprazna marketinška etiketa preuzela prazno mjesto objekta primjene i ulogu opće etike za nepovezani i nedefinirani konglomerat posebnih etika koje su pretvorene u njene grane.
A General Model of Mental Functioning, Based on the Application of Set Theory
Authors: Goetzmann Luis
Published: June 2023

Teorija skupova mogla bi ponuditi formalizaciju mišljenja i psihe. U ovom radu, najprije razvijam model mentalnog funkcioniranja koji povezuje Laplancheovu osnovnu antropološku situaciju sa zagonetnom porukom Drugoga, »enklavirano nesvjesno« i potonje prevođenje te poruke u misli i ideje. Ovaj model vidim kao oslonjen na Hegelovu teoriju uma i Lacanove paradigme R.S.I.: osjećaji su u enklaviranom nesvjesnom stvarni; oni su – osim određenih, neprikazivih ostataka (objekata a) – određeni imaginarnim i simboličkim. U drugom koraku, formuliram te odnose na temelju Badiouova filozofijskog modela u teoriji skupova. Slijedim Badiouov pristup »višemnožnosti« i »brojanju-kao-jedan«, koji je zacrtan u njegovom glavnom djelu, Bivstvovanje i događaj, te ispitujem različite skupove ili podskupove realnih, imaginarnih i simboličkih elemenata. U kontekstu realnog nesvjesnog, ideja o ‘praznom skupu’ i njegovom događajnom mjestu unutar psihološke situacije igra ključnu ulogu, i to ne samo iz terapeutske perspektive.
Heidegger on Hölderlin’s Hymn Der Ister
Authors: Karamercan Axel Onur
Published: June 2023

Ovaj članak nudi topološki prikaz predavanja Martina Heideggera iz 1942. o himni Der Ister njemačkog pjesnika Friedricha Hölderlina. Glavni je cilj članka istražiti odnos između poetskog razotkrivanja mjesta i mjesta poetskog razotkrivanja u Heideggerovoj misli 1940-ih. Prvo, obrnuti tijek rijeke identificiran je kao središnja tema himne, što vodi do Heideggerove ideje stanovanja kao poetskog povratka domu. Drugo, nakon rasvjetljavanja veze između rijeke Dunav i Antigone i procjene filozofskih temelja Heideggerova povlačenja iz politike, Heideggerova pretpolitička ideja polisa ispituje se kao povezana s njegovim razmišljanjem o pravljenju mjesta. Konačno, razmatra se međuigra između putovanja i ostajanja da bi se razjasnio Heideggerov pojam obitavanja, vremena i mjesta, te njegova kritika metafizičke koncepcije prostora i vremena.
Customer loyalty and trust in South African retail banking
Authors: van Deventer Marko , Habtemichael Redda Ephrem
Published: June 2023

Customer loyalty and trust are key elements for the success of retail banking. For this reason, it is crucial to investigate the predictors of these elements. This study aims to model service quality, customer satisfaction, and commitment influencing customer loyalty and trust in South African retail banking. The target population is a growing banking customer segment – Generation Y. A sample of 271 Generation Y customers participated in the survey. Their responses were analyzed using AMOS, whereby a structural equation model was developed. Although the structural model suggests that service quality (β = 0.097; p = 0.175) is an insignificant predictor of customer loyalty in retail banking, the influence remains positive. Moreover, the model infers that customer satisfaction (β = 0.793; p = 0.001) predicts customer loyalty in retail banking and that customer satisfaction (β = 0.715; p = 0.001) and commitment (β = 0.257; p = 0.001) influence trust in retail banking. All the model fit indices (NFI = 0.95; RFI = 0.92; IFI = 0.97; TLI = 0.96; CFI = 0.97; RMSEA = 0.06; SRMR = 0.03) infer that the model is reliable, valid, and ultimately good fitting measurement tool of customer loyalty and trust in retail banking. The results provide insights into the most critical factors in building customer loyalty and trust among Generation Y customers in South African retail banking. Moreover, they can help to develop marketing and customer service strategies to improve these outcomes.
Xanthoma in different species - an unusual tumor with many faces.
Authors: SOBCZYŃSKA-RAK ALEKSANDRA , ŻYLIŃSKA BEATA , JAROSZ ŁUKASZ , CISZEWSKI ARTUR , KACZMAREK BEATA
Published: June 2023

Xanthoma is an interesting, inflammatory, noncancerous lesion that is rarely diagnosed in companion animals, although it has been reported in a number of domestic and wild species. Macroscopically, it can range from a few millimeter plaques or nodules to even several-centimeter masses. It usually occurs within the skin, but has been diagnosed in almost all other internal systems and organs. As the name suggests, xanthoma most often is of yellow color, but whitish and red forms are also encountered. Although inconspicuous, the presence of xanthoma is often reflected in disorders of lipid and lipoprotein metabolism, which affects the entire body. Therefore, in patients with even a small xanthoma on the skin, coexisting metabolic and endocrine disorders should be excluded, such as: hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolaemia, hypothyroidism, hyperadrenocorticism and diabetes.
Entre a Seca e a Cerca: um olhar histórico em torno da Água no Nordeste brasileiro
Authors: Santos Jaqueline Guimarães
Published: June 2023

Seca e escassez de água são questões recorrentes quando se trata do Nordeste brasileiro. O foco das discussões e, sobretudo, das políticas públicas para a região foi, e ainda é, apenas em torno da escassez hídrica e dos baixos índices pluviométricos anuais. Em outras palavras, o debate é sempre pautado apenas na disponibilidade física da água e em fatores climáticos. Contudo, é preciso desmistificar as questões acerca da água e problematizar as formas históricas de seu acesso e distribuição para as populações da região. Nesse sentido, os objetivos da pesquisa são caracterizar e analisar historicamente os principais episódios de grandes secas na região, lançando luz no conjunto de políticas e/ou ações efetivadas, além de examinar como o Projeto de Integração do rio São Francisco (PISF) adveio no debate ao longo do tempo até se tornar realidade. Por meio de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, foi realizada uma pesquisa histórica em jornais e documentos do acervo da Biblioteca Nacional, além de entrevistas semiestruturadas com atores vinculados ao então Ministério da Integração Nacional e observações registradas no diário de campo. Portanto, os resultados da pesquisa apontam que o problema da água no Nordeste vai além de questões puramente pluviométricas, mas envolve também dimensões sociais e políticas que, historicamente, moldaram as relações sociais e de poder na região, o que, de forma sistemática, definira as formas de acesso à água e seria determinante para a perpetuação dos conflitos por água.
Comunicação Interna em um Centro Universitário: Uma análise da percepção dos líderes, gestores e colaboradores administrativos sobre os fluxos e os processos da comunicação interna
Authors: Watermann Carlos Enrique , Peder Behling Hans , Luis Bazzanello Vagner
Published: June 2023

Esta investigação tem como objetivo analisar a percepção dos líderes, gestores e colaboradores administrativos sobre fluxos e processos da comunicação interna em um centro universitário. Foi realizada uma pesquisa do tipo exploratória com abordagem qualitativa. A instituição está localizada no norte do Rio Grande do Sul. Para coleta de dados primários realizou-se entrevistas semiestruturadas e grupos focais. A obtenção dos dados secundários deu-se por meio do Plano de Desenvolvimento Institucional (PDI). A triangulação dos dados foi realizada durante todo o processo de análise dos dados, sempre à luz da teoria no campo da comunicação interna. Os principais resultados apontaram que os funcionários conhecem os objetivos institucionais, percebem os pontos positivos da comunicação interna, as melhorias que ela proporciona, mas a comunicação interna apresenta falhas. O fluxo predominante da comunicação interna é o vertical descendente. Foi mapeado o uso de 20 canais de comunicação no Centro Universitário, e os preferenciais são e-mail, telefone e face a face. Os canais digitais agilizam e facilitam a comunicação, mas há uma preocupação com o uso racional. As redes sociais, na percepção dos membros da pesquisa, não devem ser utilizadas no ambiente de trabalho.
Great Powers and the Sea: Naval Power in International Relations Theories
Authors: Ruy Antonio , Dawood Layla
Published: June 2023

This article aims to discuss the role of sea and naval power in “Rise and Fall Realism”; “Defensive Structural Realism”; and “Offensive Structural Realism”, which are respectively represented by the works of Gilpin (2002) and Modelsky and Thompson (1988); Posen (2003) and Mearsheimer (2001). We argue that these scholars mistakenly employ sea and naval power as if they were synonyms. In fact, these scholars are mainly concerned with the military component of sea power, that is, naval power. In addition, we claim that the relative importance of naval power in relation to other sources of power varies in a spectrum that goes from: 1) the consideration of naval power as a necessary and almost sufficient condition to global power raking, 2) moving to the acknowledgment of naval power as historically important to the last two hegemonic powers but not necessarily important in future manifestations of hegemonic power, and 3) reaching the consideration of naval power as only having a supportive role for land power, being this power the necessary and almost sufficient condition to a high placing in the global ranking of powers. Finally, we reflect on the argument established by those variants of Realism on the connection between naval power and wealth.
EFEITO DOS DEFEITOS DE SUPERFÍCIE E DO pH NA ADSORÇÃO E NA CATÁLISE DA ELETRO-OXIDAÇÃO DE CO EM SUPERFÍCIES MODELOS DE PLATINA
Authors: Farias Manuel , Tremiliosi-Filho Germano , Camara Giuseppe
Published: June 2023

SURFACE DEFECTS AND pH EFFECTS ON ADSORPTION AND CATALYSIS OF CO ELECTRO-OXIDATION ON MODEL PLATINUM SURFACES. Platinum is one of the well-known catalytic materials for which the electro-oxidation of carbon monoxide better behaves as a sensitive reaction to the catalyst surface structure. For the electro-catalytic reactions that behave like this, the rate (faradaic current density) is the result of the sum of the activity of the different active sites working with very different efficiencies or abilities. In this scenario, different atomic arrangements on the catalyst surface are expected to play different roles in surface-catalyzed reactions. In this article, the functionalities that surface defects (steps) can play in the adsorption and electrocatalytic oxidation of CO on model platinum surfaces are reviewed. Surface defects are indirectly related to the up catalysis as well as to the inhibition of reaction pathways of CO electro-oxidation under very particular conditions; these surface entities are also indirectly related to restrictions for the mobility of adsorbed CO on the (111) terraced surfaces. We analyze the selective activation and deactivation of surface sites by the pH effect, and typical catalytic properties of extended surfaces and shaped-controlled nanoparticles have been discussed thoroughly. We present a model of most active sites involved in the pathways of CO2 formation from the electro-oxidation of adsorbed CO.
Capillary Electromigration Techniques Applied to Clinical Chemistry Investigations and Alternative Diagnostic Assays: Possibilities and Perspectives
Authors: Moreira Olívia , Berlande Bruna , de Souza Jéssica , Candido João Marcos , Jaeger Lauren , Adriano Luiz Henrique , e Brito Marco Antônio , do Nascimento Maria Patrícia , Geraldo Patrícia , Chellini Paula , de Oliveira Marcone Augusto
Published: June 2023

Capillary electromigration techniques can be understood as the ones used to separate neutral compounds, solvated ions and ionized species, considering the differentiated migration among them when an electrical field is applied within a capillary column filled with a background electrolyte. Several existing capillary electrophoresis setups provides the possibility of developing reliable quantitative assays of inorganic ions, organic acids, fatty acids, amino acids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, proteins, hormones, vitamins, macromolecules, and more. Therefore, given the chemical complexity of bodily fluid matrices, capillary electrophoresis (CE) and its variations present themselves as an advantageous strategy for enhancing traditional clinical diagnostic methods and for the development of new ones. The recent advances in the study of the human metabolome associated with technological improvements towards medical applications make CE a very useful and versatile technique for clinical laboratory assays. Within this context, this review has the purpose of presenting some traditional methods used for exams of blood, urine, saliva, feces, and sweat, and how CE can be implemented as a real alternative to enable faster, automated, and cost-effective analysis with a comprehensive perspective that shall result in better diagnostic possibilities for patients, being a powerful tool for helping the physicians on the precision medicine achievements.
Stock Exchange and Commercial Banks during the First World War
Authors:   Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M. V. Lomonosov, Lizunov Pavel V.
Published: June 2023

In connection with the recently published monograph on the First World War by the famous historian Irina Potkina “On the eve of the catastrophe. The state and economy of Russia in 1914–1917”, it is appropriate to evaluate a new book and the events that took place a century ago. The First World War is often referred to as “an unknown war” and “unfairly forgotten”, which is hardly true. The publication of scholarly books and articles, documents, memoirs, and fiction about the First World War prove the opposite. Over the past 100 years, the assessments, views and approaches to the study of the First World War have changed, but the interest in it has never faded. It should be acknowledged that there are still many unresearched and poorly studied topics. I. Potkina’s statements about the level of pre-war development and the importance of the Russian stock market and the banking sector cannot be fully accepted. She comes to the conclusion that during the war years, the Russian economy experienced processes similar to those in most European countries. It is hardly indisputable, especially the assertion about the positive results of the regulation of the credit and financial system. The policy of the tsarist government in relation to the exchange and banks contradicts this opinion. It is also difficult to point out the effectiveness of economic policy, especially in 1917. The authorities lost control over the political, economic and social processes in the country. Russia was going through a severe crisis that led to the overthrow of the autocracy.
Regency and Transfer of Power in Muscovy
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Shaposhnik Vyacheslav V.
Published: June 2023

The article examines the issue of whether there was a regency in the Russian state in the 16th century and the problem of delegation of power. The author comes to the following conclusion: the names of persons who were supposed to assume real power in the country for a certain time in the case of incapacity of the heir under the age were entered into the testaments of the monarchs. Such records were in the testaments of Vasilii III (1533) and Ivan IV (1553, 1554, 1561/1562, 1584). The author of the study believes that although in Russia at the time there was no special legislation on the regency, and there were no terms “regent”, “regency” or “board of guardians”, it is fair to state that regency actually existed in the 16th century. There could not be the legislation on the regency, with those ideas about power that existed. It was believed that the sovereign receives his power directly from God. Regents made all their decisions on behalf of the monarch, despite the fact that the sovereign himself often could not take part in the affairs of government. The acquisition of additional powers by a few “chosen ones” caused discontent among other courtiers. This led to the fact that after the death of the sovereign, the guardians or regents appointed by him often could not retain their special powers of authority and lost not only power, but also their lives. Everything was decided by the balance of forces in the court.
Age, Number of Children and Activity of Women in Russian Politics
Authors:   Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushkareva Natalia L. , Pushkareva Irina M. ,   Institute of Russian History, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: June 2023

The article reflects the specifity of women’s participation in the Russian political process for more than a century — from the creators of the first women’s political organizations, the Women’s Mutual Charitable Society and the Women’s Progressive Party, to modern leaders of the ruling party, systemic and non-systemic opposition. A list of pre-Soviet, Soviet, and post-Soviet women politicians, who were quite famous during the years of their public activity and were often mentioned in the media, has been compiled. It comprises more than fifty prominent public activists who held important government posts or were nominated by public opinion, including not only among those loyal to the authorities, but also dissidents in Soviet and post-Soviet Russia. Their age, marital status, presence or absence of children are analyzed. The article attempts to identify the correlation between such parameters as gender, age, and time of entry into an active political life; to correlate these inputs with the number of children; and to substantiate the differences in the social expectations of the electorate of men and women in the political process. The hypothesis that married men with children dominate in the Russian politics has been confirmed. Women politicians in Russia are most often childless or have few children. Unlike foreign participants in the electoral process, Russians’ readiness to see women among representatives of the political elite does not grow every year but is constantly declining — and regardless of whether these women politicians become mothers or remain childless.