bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Infección por COVID-19 en profesionales de la salud desde la visión en la enfermería
Authors: Armijos Hernandez Paola Fernanda , Masabanda Poaquiza Patricia Elisabeth
Published: October 2022

Los profesionales de la salud son la piedra angular del sistema sanitario y es el grupo poblacional más afectado en diferentes esferas tanto psicológicas, familiares, económicas, físicas y laborales durante el COVID-19. El objetivo de la presente investigación es interpretar las consecuencias de la infección por COVID-19 en los profesionales de la salud. Se realizo de tipo cualitativa con un diseño fenomenológico, la población objeto correspondió a los profesionales de la salud afectados por COVID-19 en el periodo mayo 2020-2021 en la Provincia de Tungurahua, Cantón Ambato en el cual se utilizó un muestreo de 11 profesionales entre médicos y enfermeras no probabilístico y no aleatorio por conveniencia del investigador siendo la entrevista personalizada el medio para recolección de datos. Se encontró que 70% de los entrevistados presentó conflictos emocionales familiares, 80% alteraciones psicológicas como ansiedad, 60% informó no haber tenido afectación en su desempeño laboral posterior a su infección por COVID-19. En el ámbito económico 70% reporto un aumento en sus gastos en compra de medicamentos y otros servicios de salud pese a tener servicios médicos en la seguridad social. Se evidencia que la afectación psicológica como la ansiedad, el temor a la re infección por COVID-19, el aislamiento domiciliario, el aumento en los gastos familiares por los servicios de salud privados, son factores que influyen directamente en el desarrollo de problemas familiares y laborales de los trabajadores de salud en la pandemia COVID.19.
Pengaruh Corporate Social Responsibility terhadap Relationship Quality dan Customer Citizenship Behavior : Reputasi Hotel sebagai Moderator
Authors: Widiawan Iwan , Melati Idayu Shinta , Sudarmadji Sudarmadji
Published: October 2022

Makalah ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan (CSR) pada kualitas hubungan (RQ) dan perilaku kewarganegaraan pelanggan (CCB) dengan mempertimbangkan reputasi hotel sebagai moderator di industri perhotelan. Sampel penelitian adalah pelanggan di hotel dengan jumlah pemesanan tertinggi di kota-kota terpilih yang paling banyak dikunjungi di Jakarta. Pendekatan PLS-SEM diadopsi untuk menganalisis data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa CSR di hotel meningkatkan kualitas hubungan dengan pelanggan, dan kualitas hubungan berpengaruh positif terhadap CCB. Selain itu, peran moderasi reputasi hotel dalam hubungan antara kualitas hubungan dan CCB telah diverifikasi. Studi ini memberikan para praktisi pariwisata dan manajer hotel wawasan baru dan poin-poin penting tentang membangun hubungan yang lebih baik dengan pelanggan dari perspektif CSR dan hubungannya dengan CCB.
Uji aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etil asetat daun cempedak (Artocarpus champaden Spreng.)
Authors: Nadillah  , Benazir Evita Rukaya  , Syuhada
Published: October 2022

Antioksidan berperan sebagai senyawa yang dapat menghambat reaksi radikal bebas. Salah satu antioksidan yang terdapat pada tanaman adalah flavonoid, dimana senyawa tersebut merupakan kandungan terbesar dalam tanaman cempedak (Artocarpus champaden Spreng.). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etil asetat daun cempedak (EEDC) berdasarkan nilai IC50 yang diperoleh. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimental dengan uji aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode DPPH, dimana terdapat 5 variasi konsentrasi ekstrak dan baku pembanding kuersetin yang digunakan. Berdasarkan uji tersebut maka diperoleh nilai IC50 EEDC sebesar 213,721 ppm. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah EEDC memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang termasuk adalam kategori sedang.
Gambaran pengetahuan orang tua tentang pencegahan stuntıng dı desa Malınau Hulu
Authors: H Haris , Muhammad Ali  , Rohandi Baharuddin  , Muhammad Aris  , Lily Herawati
Published: October 2022

Stunting merupakan kondisi gizi buruk pada balita usia 24-59 bulan dengan kondisi postur tubuh tidak seusai dengan umur anak. Berbagai faktor yang menyebabkan faktor seperti kondisi ekonomi keluarga dan pengetahuan keluarga. Untuk mengendalikan terjadinya stunting ini diperlukan identifikasi pengetahuan orang tua mengenai pencegahan stunting. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran pengetahuan orang tua mengenai pencegahan stunting.  Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah survei dengan pendekatan deksriptif, teknik pengambilan sampel adalah random dengan pendekatan purposive sampling. Kuesioner ini terdiri dari 20 pertanyaan mengenai pengetahuan umum mengenai stunting, penyebab dan upaya mencegah terjadinya stunting. Responden merupakan orang tua yang memiliki balita. Penelitian ini dilakukan di desa Malinau Hulu kabupaten Malinau.  Hasil penelitian ini melibatkan 20 responden yang merupakan orang tua balita dengan status 75% sebagai ibu dan 25% sebagai ayah. Pengetahuan orang tua dengan kategori baik sebanyak 40%, cukup 35% dan kurang 25%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perlu upaya untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan orang tua untuk pencegahan stunting.
Pola peresepan obat pada pasıen gastrıtıs dı apotek “X” kota Tarakan tahun 2021
Authors: Aji Didin Sampurno , Benazir Evita Rukaya  , Syuhada
Published: October 2022

Gastritis dapat menyerang semua kalangan masyarakat dan biasanya ditandai dengan gejala seperti mual muntah dan nyeri pada ulu hati. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pola peresepan obat pada pasien gastritis di apotek “X” kota Tarakan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional deskriptif retrospektif. Metode sampling yang digunakan adalah total sampling berdasarkan data pasien yang terdiagnosis gastritis pada tahun 2021. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan jumlah pasien gastritis adalah sebanyak 309 pasien dengan 209 diantaranya adalah perempuan dan sebanyak 100 pasien laki-laki. Kelompok umur yang paling banyak didiagnosa gastritis adalah kelompok umur 26-45 tahun yaitu mencapai 131 (42,39%) pasien. Obat yang paling banyak digunakan adalah golongan PPI (Proton pump inhibitor) sebanyak 207 (40,51%) resep.
Roadkill Encounters and Affective Solidarity: Exploring Multispecies Fellowship through Disgust, Pain, and Mourning
Authors: Taylor Josephine
Published: October 2022

This article examines visual images of roadkill and the bodily affects they invoke. Exploring specifically the affects of grief, disgust, and pain, I suggest they are important modalities in the act of mourning the unmourned, changing the perception of roadkill as merely collateral damage. I explore encounters with roadkill through an analysis of photographs by Steve Baker (2011) which capture animals’ corpses on country lanes in the UK. Drawing on a multidisciplinary apparatus, I utilise various tools from affect theory and photography in social and cultural studies. I demonstrate how affective encounters offer an intervention into the prevalent unconcern and indifference to nonhuman suffering and ecological damage – a dynamic of address and rejection that enables possibilities of solidarity and creaturely fellowship.
Constitución de orden e inmanencia de la vida. El significado (bio)político de la frontera moderna
Authors: Fernández-Jardón Francisco
Published: October 2022

En este artículo se pretende comprender de la frontera a partir de la exploración de su significado político. La tesis de fondo sostiene que las fronteras únicamente han podido llegar a ser reconocidas como dispositivos políticos en el marco del giro gubernamental del poder sucedido en la época moderna. La organización funcional de la frontera como una tecnología de poder biopolítica orientada a producir subjetividad permite descubrir la contingencia de su ordenación del mundo y, en consecuencia, la potencial politización de las relaciones que articulan entre interioridad y exterioridad.
Entre identidades, violencias y resistencias. La frontera como espacio intersticial
Authors: Varela Manograsso Agustina Belén
Published: October 2022

En las últimas décadas se han multiplicado las fronteras físicas y simbólicas. Los Estados han militarizado sus fronteras territoriales convirtiendo a la cuestión migratoria no sólo en una amenaza para la soberanía nacional, sino también para la identidad colectiva e individual de sus habitantes. El avance de las identidades nacionales en nuestra sociedad global plural y cada vez más interdependiente está generando distintos tipos de violencias que confluyen en las fronteras, desencadenando la desaparición física y simbólica de los cuerpos migrantes que las habitan e intentan cruzarlas. Sin embargo, en esas mismas fronteras emergen novedosas formas de resistencia a pesar y a partir de la experiencia de la violencia. Este artículo analiza esta ambivalencia de las fronteras como espacios intersticiales donde se activan distintas formas de violencias, pero también prácticas mediadoras entre el adentro y el afuera de la comunidad política que articulan nuevas subjetividades a raíz de ellas.
Fronteras permeables al talento: movilidad internacional cualificada desde el Sur Global e igualitarismo cosmopolita
Authors: Mora Jesús
Published: October 2022

La libre movilidad internacional es una meta política clásica del igualitarismo cosmopolita. Sin embargo, en la actualidad, el impacto de las fronteras en las oportunidades de las personas a nivel global no deriva solo de sus mecanismos de exclusión, sino también de su permeabilidad a ciertas formas de migración. Este artículo analiza las implicaciones de la emigración cualificada para la justicia productiva y defiende que, en determinadas circunstancias, los igualitaristas cosmopolitas deberían apoyar restricciones a la libertad de movimiento para articular una defensa de ese derecho básico que sea más coherente con el conjunto de sus compromisos normativos.
La construcción del conocimiento histórico sobre el patrimonio local: comparación entre las teorías epistemológicas y las competencias del alumnado
Authors: Ponce Gea Ana Isabel , Pinto Helena
Published: October 2022

In the framework of the defence of history teaching based on historical thinking, more attention has apparently been focused on the application of competences than on the epistemological dimension. Under this premise, in this study we aimed at comparing the epistemological theories of Portuguese students with the level of competence demonstrated by the same pupils. We conducted a mixed-model study involving 43 Portuguese students aged 13-14, using two data collection instruments and combining the analysis of quantitative and qualitative information. The results show epistemological theories with higher scores than the application of competences, which are also presented as unrelated. We conclude that there is a need to systematise broader models of historical thinking and a mixed work on epistemological theories and the application of competences in the lessons.

En el marco de la defensa de la enseñanza de la historia con base en el pensamiento histórico, parece haberse prestado más atención a la aplicación de las competencias que a la dimensión epistemológica. Bajo esta premisa, en este estudio se plantea comparar las teorías epistemológicas del alumnado portugués con el nivel de competencia demostrado por el mismo alumnado. Se lleva a cabo un estudio con método mixto, con 43 alumnos portugueses de entre 13 y 14 años, utilizando dos instrumentos de recogida de información y combinando el análisis de información cuantitativa y cualitativa. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto unas teorías epistemológicas con mejores puntuaciones que la aplicación de las competencias, presentándose, además, como no relacionadas. Se concluye con la necesidad de sistematizar modelos de pensamiento histórico amplios y un trabajo conjunto de las teorías epistemológicas y la aplicación de las competencias en el aula.
In Remembrance of Dr. Samantha Rachel Gorse Roberts
Authors: Bolton Clayton B.
Published: October 2022

Dr. Samantha Roberts, a professor at Texas A&M University-Commerce, was a significant member of the association’s leadership team. Dr. Roberts had a strong passion for student development and mentorship and was heavily involved with the undergraduate and graduate case study competitions. Dr. Clay Bolton provides a touching tribute to our dear colleague and friend.
Introduction to the Special Section: Suicide Risk Assessment and Intervention in School Counselor Training
Authors: Purgason Lucy L. , Chan Christian D. , McKibben Bradley
Published: October 2022

This special section on school counselor preparation in assessing for crisis and suicide risk considers the impact of the perception of school counselor training and expertise related to suicide assessment and intervention. The collection of six articles focuses on considerations and best practices in assessing and intervening with PK-12 students experiencing suicidality, the unique considerations within a school setting, and corresponding implications for school counselor training.
Cross-Cultural Distance Dialogues in Counselor Education: Collaborative Pedagogy
Authors: Baquet Sarah N. , Hill Jehan
Published: October 2022

Researchers examined the experience of participating in Cross Cultural Distance Dialogues (CCDD) in facilitating Multicultural and Social Justice Counseling Competency (MSJCC) through an interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA). With the high need to develop curriculum in counselor education programs that intentionally incorporate cultural competencies (Ratts et al., 2016), this study was conducted to explore an innovative pedological technique that further fosters MSJCC within master's level coursework. Four counseling students engaged in a structured dialogue across university campuses during their multicultural course were selected for participation in this study. After completing two rounds of interviews and a member check, the following themes were identified utilizing IPA methodology: (1) relational resistance, (2) negotiating dichotomy, (3) therapeutic space, (4) trust and, (5) cultural awakening. Findings highlight CCDD as an innovative collaborative teaching strategy that supports increased cultural awareness, competency development, and enhanced interpersonal skills and support.
Lactobacillus spp. inhibits the growth of HCT-116 and reduces IL-8 secretion by Salmonella typhimurium-infected HCT-116 colorectal carcinoma cells
Authors: Tsai Cheng-Chih , Huang Kuan-Jung , Lin Pei-Pei
Published: October 2022

Salmonella typhimurium causes symptoms resembling typhoid fever and gastroenteritis in humans. Its toxicity is due to an outer membrane consisting largely of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) which is responsible for the host immune response. The aim of this study is to evaluate the antimicrobial, anti-apoptotic ability of Lactobacillus plantarum and reduce Salmonella-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-8 secretion. Adhesive tests were performed using lactobacilli co-cultured with the colon cancer cell line HCT-116 for 2 hours. The strains displaying the highest adhesion were selected for downstream 3- (4, 5- Dimethylthiazol -2-yl) -2, 5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) tests to assess cytotoxicity. The supernatants of Lactobacillus cultured with HCT-116 cells for 24 and 48 h to evaluate the inhibitory effect. To determine Interleukin 8 (IL-8) secretion in colon cancer induced by S. typhimurium, we stimulated HCT-116 cells with S. typhimurium and co-cultured with lactobacilli for 24 h. Lactobacilli had the most significant inhibitory effects on cell growth, and their inhibitory effects were time-dependent. Strain No. 03-03-026 caused cancer cell deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) fragmentation, and the anti-apoptosis protein (B-cell lymphoma 2) was reduced in the HCT-116 cells as determined. IL-8 production in colon cancer cells was significantly reduced by these lactobacilli. Our results suggested that lactobacilli maybe effectively reduce the numbers of S. typhimurium, IL-8 levels and the anti-apoptotic phosphorylated-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and B-cell lymphoma 2 proteins. Lactobacillus can be added to the diet as a food additive to prevent colorectal cancer and used to be the prophylactic agent against S. typhimurium.
Sjukepleiarar sine erfaringar med tverrprofesjonell rettleiing i spesialisthelsetenesta
Authors: Andersen Irene Aasen , Øygard Sissel Hjelle , Fossøy Aud Berit , Gornitshni Katrine Sandnes
Published: October 2022

Bakgrunn: Artikkelen beskriv sjukepleiarar sine erfaringar og opplevingar med rettleiing av sjukepleiarstudentar, som har delteke i tverrprofesjonell praksis i spesialisthelsetenesta i Noreg. Studien har to forskingsspørsmål: 1) Korleis erfarer sjukepleiarar rettleiing av sjukepleiarstudentar i ein tverrprofesjonell kontekst mellom legar, sjukepleiarar, legestudentar og sjukepleiestudentar? 2) Korleis opplever sjukepleiarar rolla si i tverrprofesjonelle rettleiingsmøter?Metode: Data er basert på to fokusgruppeintervju med til saman ni sjukepleiarar, og er analysert ved hjelp av systematisk tekstkondensering. Resultat: Hovudfunna syner at hierarkisk organisering hemmar rettleiing av studentar, tverrprofesjonell samarbeidslæring (TPS) kan vere krevjande for rettleiar og at sjukepleiarane opplevde eiga rettleiing som mangelfull. Konklusjon: Tverrprofesjonell rettleiing kan betrast ved å reflektere over hierarkiske mønster. Den samla rettleiingskompetansen i sjukepleiargruppa kan styrkast ved å bygge kultur for pedagogisk kvalitet. Det kan også betre tilfredsheita for den enkelte rettleiar.
Axial Buckling of Single-walled Nanotubes Simulated by an Atomistic Finite Element Model under Different Temperatures and Boundary Conditions
Authors: Ferdosi Sima Besharat , Mohammadyahya Najme , Abasi Maryam
Published: October 2022

The buckling behavior of single-walled carbon nanotubes is explored in this research, regardless of the significance of carbon nanotubes in industries, the novelty of the topic, and the ability of the finite element model approach to analyze their ways numerically. This work's primary goal is to examine how single-walled carbon nanotubes' aspect ratio affects compressive buckling force at various boundary conditions. In this regard, two forms of chiralities, such as armchair and zigzag, are taken into consideration while developing an atomic finite element model using Abaqus. The numerical results demonstrate that the critical buckling force will vary depending on the boundary conditions that are applied to the nanotube end and also increasing temperature lead to reduce the buckling load and vice versa. Additionally, the buckling stress of nanotubes increases dramatically in low aspect ratios and only minimally in higher of that by increasing the aspect ratio, or length-to-diameter ratio, of the nanotubes. Additionally, it is shown that by raising the aspect ratio, the zigzag and armchair results overlap each other more at the specified radius.
Export Countermeasures of Hardware Products Under the Background of Cross-Border E-Commerce
Authors: HuiYi LIANG
Published: October 2022

Export countermeasures of hardware products under the background of cross-border e-commerce is the main focus of this paper. The improvement of the cross-border e-commerce logistics industry is mainly carried out from the aspect of strengthening the integration of resources. The government still needs to make a reasonable setting for the third-party logistics planning to provide a good environment for the logistics industry. By improving the system and strengthening the guidance and supervision of hardware exhibitions, we have gradually created a good hardware exhibition environment . This paper gives the novel ideas for the countermeasures of hardware products under the background of cross-border e-commerce.
Predictive Significance of High Sensitive C-reactive Protein in Subclinical Hypothyroidism: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: KRISHNAMURTHY HA , RAVITEJ S
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is more common than overt hypothyroidism. It is associated with increased risk of dyslipidaemia, Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, peripheral vascular diseases and chronic inflammation. Chronic inflammation plays a significant role in clinical manifestations and systemic organs injury in hypothyroidism. High-sensitivity C-reactive Protein (hs-CRP) is a pentameric protein produced by the liver, and its level increases in response to inflammation. There are not much studies to prove that chronic inflammation could be a major risk factor for conversion of subclinical hypothyroidism in to overt hypothyroidism. Aim: To study the role of chronic inflammation as a risk factor for conversion of SCH in to overt hypothyroidism with lipid abnormalities and cardiac dysfunction, by using inflammatory markers like hs-CRP. Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at KR hospital, Mysuru, Karnataka, India, from August 2019 to September 2020 among 112 subjects of subclinical hypothyroidism attending the Outpatient Department. The data regarding detailed history and clinical examination were collected from all the patients. Investigations such as Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), Triiodothyronine (T3), Thyroxine (T4) levels hs-CRP level, lipid profile, Electrocardiogram (ECG), Random Blood Sugar (RBS), Renal Function Test (RFT), Complete Blood Count (CBC), 2D-Echocardiography were done on day one and after 6 months. The data analyses was done by using the Chi-square test or Fisher’s-exact test. The factors which were significant as per the Chi-square test were selected and subjected to multivariate analysis. Results: The number of cases of subclinical hypothyroidism (hs-CRP >3 mg/L, mean TSH=9.1±2.1 microIU/mL) at first day were 23 (20.53%). At the end of 6 months those converted to overt hypothyroidism (mean TSH=11.4±2.3 microIU/mL) were 14 (12.5%) patients. The patients with hs-CRP of >3 mg/L, with mean TSH of 11.4±2.3 microIU/mL at the end of 6 months of study, had left ventricular dysfunction in 68 (60.07%) patients. In the same group, the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol >160 mg/dL was found in 60 (53.57%) patients and serum triglycerides level >200 mg/dL was found in 51 (45.53%) patients (p-value <0.05). Conclusion: Chronic inflammation is one of the major risk factor for conversion of subclinical hypothyroidism in to overt hypothyroidism with associated cardiovascular dysfunction and dyslipidaemia.
Subtotal Petrosectomy and Cochlear Implantation in Children With Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media: A Single Institutional Experience
Authors: Bako Peter , Kovacs Marton , Uzsaly Janos , Burian Andras , Bodzai Greta , Nemeth Adrienn , Toth Arnold , Szanyi Istvan , Gerlinger Imre
Published: October 2022

Background and Objectives: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) with or without cholesteatoma is a frequent chronic inflammatory condition in children, which may lead to severe hearing loss that affects speech development. Treatment of recurrent CSOM associated with unserviceable hearing requires a specialized approach with regard to disease eradication and hearing rehabilitation. In this study, we investigated the advantages of subtotal petrosectomy (SP) combined with cochlear implantation (CI) in children with CSOM associated with unserviceable hearing and describe our experience with regard to the efficacy of this method, together with a literature review.Subjects and Methods: SP with sequential or simultaneous CI was performed in three children (four ears), and postoperative audiometric data were recorded.Results: The study included two male and one female patient. Mean age at the time of SP was 10.75 years (7–13 years). Sequential implantation was performed in three ears. Facial nerve palsy occurred after SP in one patient. The latest word recognition scores of Cases 1, 2, and 3 were 80% (at 60 dB), 75% (at 60 dB), and 70% (at 50 dB) and 90% (at 50 dB), respectively.Conclusions: SP with CI may be safe and reliable in children with CSOM associated with unserviceable hearing.
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Application of Virtual Reality in Hearing Disorders
Authors: Kwak Chanbeom , Han Woojae , Bahng Junghwa
Published: October 2022

Background and Objectives: Trendy technologies, such as artificial intelligence, virtual reality (VR), and augmented reality (AR) are being increasingly used for hearing loss, tinnitus, and vestibular disease. Thus, we conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to identify the possible benefits of the use of VR and AR technologies in patients with hearing loss, tinnitus, and/or vestibular dysfunction, with the aim of suggesting potential applications of these technologies for both researchers and clinicians.Materials and Methods: Published articles from 1968 to 2022 were gathered from six electronic journal databases. Applying our specified inclusion and/or exclusion criteria, 23 studies were analyzed. As only one article on hearing loss and two articles on tinnitus were found, 20 studies on vestibular dysfunction were only finally included for the meta-analysis. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) were chosen as estimates to compare the studies. A funnel plot and Egger’s regression analysis were used to identify any risk of bias.Results: High heterogeneity (I2: 83%, τ2: 0.5431, p<0.01) was identified across the studies on vestibular dysfunction. VR-based rehabilitation was significantly effective for individuals with vestibular disease (SMDs: 0.03, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.08 to 0.15, p<0.05). A subgroup analysis revealed that only improvement in the subjective questionnaire was meaningful and statistically significant (SMDs: -0.66, 95% CI: -1.10 to -0.22).Conclusions: VR-based vestibular rehabilitation showed potential for subjective rating measures like Dizziness Handicap Index. The negative effect of aging on vestibular disease was indirectly confirmed. More clinical trials and an evidence-based approach are needed to confirm the implementation of state-of-the-art technology for hearing loss and tinnitus, representative diseases in neurotology.
Modelling the Impacts of Social Value on Platform Identity: The Mediating-Moderating Research Design in Live-Streaming Context
Authors: Yen Tsai-Fa (TF) , Cai Ping , Qiao Jing
Published: October 2022

In the era of digitalization and epidemic, more people deeply rely on digital tools. Digital tools can be used to complete transactions for food delivery, daily necessities and car booking. Live broadcasting is one of the representative products in the digital era. Users’ perceived social value and its impacts are important to the society and operators of platform. Fewer studies, however, have verified the relationships among social value, platform dependence, and platform identity. Accordingly, the research purpose of this paper is to analyze users' digital inertia, social values, and the relationships among their dependence and their identity on livestreaming platforms. Data was collected by questionnaire survey and 372 valid samples were received. Findings show that in the relationships between live streaming platforms and users, positive relationships among variables were met; the social value perceived by the users could affect platform identity through platform dependence; and users' perceived digital inertia significantly could moderate the relationship between social value and platform dependence. It is suggested that operators should strengthen users' perception of social value when designing live broadcast activities.
An Assessment of Farmers’ Training Needs on Drought Management Strategies for Improved Crops and Livestock Production in Northern Nigeria
Authors: Jimoh Onemayin David , Otache Martins Yusuf , Adesiji Adeolu Richard , Olaleye Rotimi Saka , Agajo James
Published: October 2022

The study assessed the farmers’ training needs on drought management strategies for improved crops and livestock production in Northern Nigeria Six Nigerian northern states were sampled based on the intensity of drought. 792 farmers were randomly selected for the study. Primary and secondary data were collected using questionnaire with trained enumerators. Validation of questionnaire for data collection and reliability test were carried out. The results revealed 38.5 years as the farmers’ mean age with household size of 9 persons. 84.5% of the farmers had formal education and average of 5.27ha of cultivated farm land. 80% of the farmers experienced reduction in crops’ yields and livestock production with higher income loss in livestock production. This is based on Adopter Perception Theory which argues that the adoption process starts with the perception that there is need to innovate. Researches had established that drought affect almost all agricultural activities. Finding revealed that the mean annual yield for the crop sector before drought occurrence varied between 1.12 tons/ha and 0.41 tons/ha, with a maximum of 50 tons/ha. Tuber crops production ranked first, while legumes took the last position for the period under consideration in this study. Therefore, under the crop sector, cereal crops’ farmers suffered the highest loss (0.43tons/ha) due to drought occurrence, while Tuber crop followed closely with 0.35tons/ha loss. In case of livestock, the mean annual loss is 13 and maximum of 330 birds but in terms of income loss, livestock was more than crop. Most farmers require training in the maintenance of water supply systems, drought risk management and access to drought-related information. This study provides basis for tackling the effects of drought in Northern Nigeria. It identifies training needs of farmers with a view to mitigate the menace of drought to enhance yield in the areas of crops and livestock production.
Biochemical Characteristics of Graphene and Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles in Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.)
Authors: Reddy Pinninty Sandhya , Bhavana Sadras , Shukla Pradeep K.
Published: October 2022

A study on biochemical characteristics of graphene and titanium dioxide in two varieties of okra (NAYAN-11 and STAR-77) was conducted during the zaid season of 2018. A pot experiment was carried out on the research field of the department of Biological Sciences with five treatments using varying quantities of graphene nanoparticles (500 ppm and 1000 ppm) and TiO2 nanoparticles (25 ppm, 50 ppm and 100 ppm) along with a control. The experiment was planned using four replications. The layout used was complete randomized block design. Purpose of the study was to analyse biochemical characteristics of okra under the varied nanoparticle treatments. The experiment stated that the graphene and TiO2 nanoparticles were advantageous to okra crop in terms of yield. Among the treatments, 100 ppm of TiO2 nanoparticles were found to be favouring the biochemical and yield parameters in both the varieties of okra. As compare to the STAR-77 variety NAYAN-11 showed better performance in respect to biochemical characteristics and yield.
Acute, Sub-acute and Chronic Toxicity Evaluation of Aqueous Extract of the Aerial Parts of Leonurus cardiaca in Normal Non-pregnant Female Wistar Albino Rats per OECD 425 TG
Authors: Wellington E. O. , Onyeike E. N. , Peters D. E. , Otobo M. B. , Felix D. , Ogbomade S. J.
Published: October 2022

This study graded the acute, sub-acute, and chronic toxicity of aqueous extract of the aerial parts of Leonurus cardiaca in non-pregnant female wistar rats. Fifty wistar albino rats weighing between 180 and 200g were used for this study. The rats were grouped into 10 groups of five rats per group. Group 1 served as control while group 2-11 were orally administered aqueous extract of Leonurus cardiaca at 166, 250, and 500mg/kg for 7, 14, and 21 days. All haematological and biochemical parameters were determined based on standard methods. The plasma RBC, Hb, MCV, and WBC of the control were 5.33±0.01 x 1012/L, 13.54±0.01 g/dl, 42.16±0.01 fl, and 1.83±0.01 X 109/L respectively. The plasma RBC, Hb, MCV, and WBC of the rats treated with 500mg/kg of the extract for 21 days were 10.93±0.01x 1012/L, 19.24±0.01g/dl, 28.33±0.01fl, and 1.41±0.01 x 109/L respectively and were significantly different from the control at p≤0.05. The plasma Na+, K+ , Cl-, HCO3 , creatinine, and urea levels treated with extract at 500mg/kg for 21 days were 167.97±0.01 01mmol/l, 7.85±0.0101mmol/l, 164.24±0.0101mmol/l, 40.84±0.0101mmol/l, 1.16±0.0101mmol/l, and 5.68±0.02 01mmol/l respectively, were significantly different from the control at p≤0.05. The plasma ALT, ALP, and AST activities treated with extract at 500mg/kg for 21 days were 146.24±0.02U/L, 77.33±0.01U/L, and 168.71±0.01U/L respectively, were significantly different from the control at p≤0.05. Enhancement on architecture of the heart, kidney and liver tissues occurred after treatment with 500mg/kg of the extract for 21 days in comparison to the control. The significantly improved effects observed on all assayed parameters were expressive that the extract of the aerial parts of Leonurus cardiaca is safe at 500 mg/Kg.
Incidence and Predictors of No Reflow Phenomenon in Patient Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Setiha Eman Abd El Hady El , Guindy Ehab Abdellatif El , Sheikh Raghda Ghonimy El , Elsaid Ayman Mohamed , Ashmawy Medhat Mohamed
Published: October 2022

Objective: To evaluate the incidence, clinical and angiographic predictors of no reflow phenomenon in patient undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Methods: This prospective observational cross-sectional study was carried out on 748 patients who underwent primary coronary angioplasty after acute ST- Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI). Patients were subdivided in to two groups: Group I: (case group) patients with no-reflow phenomenon (NRP) in the absence of dissection, thrombus, spasm or high-grade residual stenosis and group II: (Control group) one consecutive STEMI patient after each case, with TIMI flow III after primary PCI. All patients were subjected to clinical and laboratory examination, electrocardiogram (ECG), echocardiography (ECHO) and PCI.

Results: 22.9% of patients had no-reflow; 10 % had persistent no reflow and 12.9% had transient no reflow. Multivariate analyses identified that age (OR=1.417, 95% CI 1.319–1.521), diabetes mellitus (DM) (OR=10.110, 95% CI 3.950–25.880), hypertension (HTN) (OR=0.326, 95% CI 0.142–0.752), total ischemia time ≥6 hours (OR=60.511, 95% CI 24.973–146.618), SBP<90 mmHg (OR=0.238, 95% CI 0.091–0.621) , lesion length ≥20 mm(OR=16.182, 95% CI 5.008–52.287) , high thrombus burden (thrombus grade ≥4) (OR=2.914, 95% CI 1.018–8.338), balloon pre dilatation (OR=0.272, 95% CI 0.093–0.791), stent length ≥20 mm(OR=7.709, 95%CI 33.346–17.758), balloon post dilatation (OR=5.885, 95% CI 2.571–13.474), CRP (OR=1.016, 95% CI 1.002–1.030) were the independent predictors of the no-flow phenomenon.

Conclusions: Clinical and laboratory predictors on admission were associated with higher percentage of no-reflow phenomenon. while angiographic predictors could independently predicts no-reflow after Primary PCI.
The Color Yellow
Authors: Calvert Sarah B.
Published: October 2022

In this narrative medicine essay, a third-year pediatric resident’s descriptions of the yellow colors in medicine demonstrate her sense of comfort in her profession in contrast with the uncertainty she feels as she enters her new life of motherhood.
Prescription Drug Spending in Fee-for-Service Medicare, 2008-2019
Authors: Dusetzina Stacie B. , Huskamp Haiden A. , Qin Xuanzi , Keating Nancy L.
Published: October 2022

Importance

Prescription drug spending is a topic of increased interest to the public and policymakers. However, prior assessments have been limited by focusing on retail spending (Part D–covered drugs), omitting clinician-administered (Part B–covered) drug spending, or focusing on all fee-for-service Medicare beneficiaries, regardless of their enrollment into prescription drug coverage.

Objective

To estimate the proportion of health care spending contributed by prescription drugs and to assess spending for retail and clinician-administered prescriptions.

Design, Setting, and Participants

Descriptive, serial, cross-sectional analysis of a 20% random sample of fee-for-service Medicare beneficiaries in the United States from 2008 to 2019 who were continuously enrolled in Parts A (hospital), B (medical), and D (prescription drug) benefits, and not in Medicare Advantage.

Exposure

Calendar year.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Net spending on retail (Part D–covered) and clinician-administered (Part B–covered) prescription drugs; prescription drug spending (spending on Part B–covered and Part D–covered drugs) as a percentage of total per-capita health care spending. Measures were adjusted for inflation and for postsale rebates (for Part D–covered drugs).

Results

There were 3 201 284 beneficiaries enrolled in Parts A, B, and D in 2008 and 4 502 718 in 2019. In 2019, beneficiaries had a mean (SD) age of 71.7 (12.0) years, documented sex was female for 57.7%, and 69.5% had no low-income subsidies. Total per-capita spending was $16 345 in 2008 and $20 117 in 2019. Comparing 2008 with 2019, per-capita Part A spending was $7106 (95% CI, $7084-$7128) vs $7120 (95% CI, $7098-$7141), Part B drug spending was $720 (95% CI, $713-$728) vs $1641 (95% CI, $1629-$1653), Part B nondrug spending was $5113 (95% CI, $5105-$5122) vs $6702 (95% CI, $6692-$6712), and Part D net spending was $3122 (95% CI, $3117-$3127) vs $3477 (95% CI, $3466-$3489). The proportion of total annual spending attributed to prescription drugs increased from 24.0% in 2008 to 27.2% in 2019, net of estimated rebates and discounts.

Conclusions and Relevance

In 2019, spending on prescription drugs represented approximately 27% of total spending among fee-for-service Medicare beneficiaries enrolled in Part D, even after accounting for postsale rebates.
Use of the Cancer and Aging Research Group Predictive Model for Chemotherapy-Related Toxic Effects in a Multiethnic, Older Adult Asian Population
Authors: Pang Angela , Jiali Low , Ng Alex , Cheng Joseph , Wang Meng , Ng Yean Shin , Yao Yao , Chun Meiling , Ho Francis , Tey Jeremy
Published: October 2022

Importance

The Cancer and Aging Research Group (CARG) prediction model for chemotherapy-related toxic effects has been developed but not yet validated in older Asian adults. In view of differences in drug metabolism and toxic effect reporting in the Asian population, the ability of this tool to guide the cancer treatment decision-making process in older Asian adults needs to be assessed.

Objective

To examine the validity of the CARG predictive model in a multiethnic Asian cohort of older adults.

Design, Setting, and Participants

In this prognostic study, patients of various Asian ethnicities 70 years or older with a solid tumor diagnosis receiving chemotherapy at the National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, were accrued from June 1, 2017, to January 1, 2019. Their risks of chemotherapy-related toxic effects were calculated using the CARG tool. A geriatric assessment was performed, and the treating oncologist (blinded to the CARG scores) was asked to give an estimated likelihood of toxic effects (low, medium, or high). Chemotherapy-related toxic effects were recorded during each clinic visit. Validation of the prediction model was performed by calculating the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. Multivariate analyses were performed to identify variables in other domains in the geriatric assessment predicting for severe toxic effects.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Grade 3 to 5 toxic effects and hospitalization.

Results

The study included 200 patients (median age, 74 years [range, 70-89 years]; 110 [55.0%] male; 177 [88.5%] Chinese, 17 [8.5%] Malay, 4 [2.0%] Indian, and 2 [1.0%] other ethnicities [according to Singapore’s national system of race classification]). A total of 137 patients (68.5%) experienced grade 3 to 5 toxic effects, and 131 (65.5%) required hospitalization. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the CARG chemotoxicity prediction model was 0.74 (95% CI, 0.67-0.82), retaining good discrimination in the study population.

Conclusions and Relevance

This prognostic study conducted in a multiethnic Asian cohort of older adults supports the validity of the CARG predictive model in this population, predicting which older adults are at risk of chemotherapy-related toxic effects.
Phenotypic continuum of NFU1‐related disorders
Authors: Kaiyrzhanov Rauan , Zaki Maha S. , Lau Tracy , Sen Sambuddha , Azizimalamiri Reza , Zamani Mina , Sayin Gözde Yeşil , Hilander Taru , Efthymiou Stephanie , Chelban Viorica , Brown Ruth , Thompson Kyle , Scarano Maria Irene , Ganesh Jaya , Koneev Kairgali , Gülaçar Ismail Musab , Person Richard , Sadykova Dinara , Maidyrov Yerdan , Seifi Tahereh , Zadagali Aizhan , Bernard Geneviève , Allis Katrina , Elloumi Houda Zghal , Lindy Amanda , Taghiabadi Ehsan , Verma Sumit , Logan Rachel , Kirmse Brian , Bai Renkui , Khalaf Shaimaa M. , Abdel‐Hamid Mohamed S. , Sedaghat Alireza , Shariati Gholamreza , Issa Mahmoud , Zeighami Jawaher , Elbendary Hasnaa M. , Brown Garry , Taylor Robert W. , Galehdari Hamid , Gleeson Joseph J. , Carroll Christopher J. , Cowan James A. , Moreno‐De‐Luca Andres , Houlden Henry , Maroofian Reza
Published: October 2022

Bi‐allelic variants in Iron–Sulfur Cluster Scaffold (NFU1) have previously been associated with multiple mitochondrial dysfunctions syndrome 1 (MMDS1) characterized by early‐onset rapidly fatal leukoencephalopathy. We report 19 affected individuals from 10 independent families with ultra‐rare bi‐allelic NFU1 missense variants associated with a spectrum of early‐onset pure to complex hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) phenotype with a longer survival (16/19) on one end and neurodevelopmental delay with severe hypotonia (3/19) on the other. Reversible or irreversible neurological decompensation after a febrile illness was common in the cohort, and there were invariable white matter abnormalities on neuroimaging. The study suggests that MMDS1 and HSP could be the two ends of the NFU1‐related phenotypic continuum.
Direct Assembly of Polysubstituted Furans with Dimethyl Sulfoxide as a Multipurpose Precursor via β‐C(sp3)−H Functionalization of Saturated Ketones
Authors: Lin Hai‐Lu , Cheng Yu‐Tao , Yang Feng , Liu Yu‐Feng , Yang Guo‐Ping
Published: October 2022

An I2/K2S2O8 mediated multiple β‐C(sp3)−H functionalization reaction for the construction of polysubstituted furans has been established from readily available ethyl ketones and dimethyl sulfoxide. This transformation features dimethyl sulfoxide as a multipurpose precursor, acting as the precursor of the oxygen, methyl, and sulfur methyl units. Six new chemical bonds, involving two C−C, two C−O, and one C−S bonds were formed sequentially during the intermolecular oxidative annulation process.

magnified image
Effect of Thioketal Antioxidants on Islet Cell Transplantation
Authors: Raj Shammy , Waduthanthri Kosala D. , Kuppan Purushothaman , Korbutt Gregory S. , Unsworth Larry D. , Pepper Andrew R.
Published: October 2022

Pancreatic islet transplantation is an effective strategy for restoring glucose regulation for highly selected patients with type 1 diabetes. However, an undesirable level of islet cell death is caused by oxidative stress that occurs during islet isolation, culture, and transplantation. The loss of islets throughout the transplantation procedure often necessitates multiple human donors per recipient to achieve insulin independence. Administration of exogenous antioxidants has shown promise in both preserving islet cell viability and functionality post‐transplantation. Herein, thioketal (TK) antioxidant is evaluated using neonatal porcine islets and Beta‐TC‐6 cells exposed to H2O2 for changes in membrane integrity, oxygen consumption rates, and lipid peroxidation. Diabetic BALB/c mice are transplanted with a marginal dose of syngeneic islets, ±48‐h TK pre‐treatment, under the kidney capsule. Graft function is measured by nonfasting blood glucose and glucose tolerance testing. It is found that 200 µM of TK was not cytotoxic, reduced reactive oxygen species‐mediated oxidative islet damage, preserved in vitro islet cell functionality, and facilitated superior murine syngeneic marginal islet mass engraftment. These results demonstrate that the antioxidant attributes of TK reduce the deleterious effects of reactive oxygen species experienced in vitro and enhance marginal islet mass transplant outcomes.
Molecular Dynamics Simulation for Thiolated Poly(ethylene glycol) at Low‐Temperature Based on the Density Functional Tight‐Binding Method
Authors: Li Shi , Chen Lei , Gui Xuefeng , He Daguang , Hu Jiwen , Huang Zhenzhu , Lin Shudong , Tu Yuanyuan , Dong Yonglu
Published: October 2022

The condensed structure of a material is the basis for the properties of polymeric materials, where the crystalline structure is the most ordered conformation of the polymer condensed structure. The mechanical properties are one of the most fundamental properties of polymer materials and the crystalline state has an important influence on the mechanical properties. Here, the optimal chain conformation and the effect of optimization time on the temperature and energy of molecular thermodynamics and molecular dynamics are investigated using thiolated poly(ethylene glycol) as the base material. The simulation results show that the number of optimization steps and the simulation time are closely related to the molecular conformation of polymer single crystals. A new perspective is provided for exploring intra‐ and intermolecular interactions in polymer crystals and revealing their nature, establishing the link between chain structure and mechanical properties of materials, and designing and manufacturing polymer crystalline materials with better mechanical properties.
Extracellular Vesicles in Cancer Drug Resistance: Roles, Mechanisms, and Implications
Authors: Yang Qiurong , Xu Jing , Gu Jianmei , Shi Hui , Zhang Jiayin , Zhang Jianye , Chen Zhe‐Sheng , Fang Xinjian , Zhu Taofeng , Zhang Xu
Published: October 2022

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell‐derived nanosized vesicles that mediate cell‐to‐cell communication via transporting bioactive molecules and thus are critically involved in various physiological and pathological conditions. EVs contribute to different aspects of cancer progression, such as cancer growth, angiogenesis, metastasis, immune evasion, and drug resistance. EVs induce the resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, antiangiogenesis therapy, and immunotherapy by transferring specific cargos that affect drug efflux and regulate signaling pathways associated with epithelial‐mesenchymal transition, autophagy, metabolism, and cancer stemness. In addition, EVs modulate the reciprocal interaction between cancer cells and noncancer cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) to develop therapy resistance. EVs are detectable in many biofluids of cancer patients, and thus are regarded as novel biomarkers for monitoring therapy response and predicting prognosis. Moreover, EVs are suggested as promising targets and engineered as nanovehicles to deliver drugs for overcoming drug resistance in cancer therapy. In this review, the biological roles of EVs and their mechanisms of action in cancer drug resistance are summarized. The preclinical studies on using EVs in monitoring and overcoming cancer drug resistance are also discussed.