bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Movilización de los corteros de caña de azúcar en el Valle del Cauca, huellas y despliegues de una acción colectiva
Authors: Jaramillo Ferro Jhon Edier
Published: September 2021

Objetivo. Identificar cómo la movilización de los corteros de caña de azúcar, en 2008, interfirió en la transformación y creación de los sujetos políticos de los actores de la misma; aproximándonos a un entendimiento de los protagonistas del paro dentro de sus entornos, saberes, demandas, relaciones entre sí, el papel de su familia y su historia laboral, permitiendo determinar algunos rasgos de interpretación. Metodología. Para ello privilegiaremos un enfoque crítico, concibiendo la movilización política como el escenario que se configura a partir de aquellas acciones que buscan romper la inercia de las relaciones de poder y cambiar el lugar de subordinación que históricamente se ha asignado a algunas comunidades dentro de una determinada organización social. Resultados. La idea era comprender la movilización de los corteros de caña de azúcar a través del despliegue de la misma en sus dinámicas, realizaciones y propuestas que dejan huellas materiales y simbólicas develando a lo largo de esta investigación “otras formas de vida”, otros sentires emocionales, otras dinámicas de relacionamiento. Conclusión. Nos aproximamos a la movilización no solo como espacio que contiene lógicas de subordinación, sino como un escenario para agenciar formas de pensar y vivir diferentes a las del sistema hegemónico, potencializando de esta manera una construcción desde y para los actores mismos alrededor de su construcción como sujetos políticos.
De ciudad a región metropolitana. Referentes conceptuales y críticos para interpretar el cambio
Authors: Villegas Arenas Guillermo , Villegas Alzate Juan Guillermo
Published: September 2021

La fluidez del capital en la globalización actual no pasa desapercibida; al tiempo que interviene en la configuración espacial del territorio y en la gestión de las instituciones del poder público, va asemejando las regiones metropolitanas entre sí, debido a la omnipresencia de ciertas “tendencias constitutivas”. De Mattos (2006) aporta cinco tendencias que califican la ciudad como policéntrica, informal / desigual, negocio, del automóvil y artefacto. Tres tendencias adicionales son propuestas desde este artículo con los calificativos: ciudad sin memoria, ciudad malgastada y ciudad orquestada. Como gran conclusión se plantea que el marco de la economía globalizada propicia la desterritorialización del poder; a nivel local, éste se ejerce con laxitud hacia figuras del poder transnacional y se conforma con participar como socio del gran capital interesado en la maximización de plusvalías.
La regionalización de los sentimientos: arqueología del clima en su vínculo con la representación del genio de la gente
Authors: Montaña Mestizo Vladimir
Published: September 2021

En el marco de una historia de las representaciones, el presente texto aborda los sentimientos como aspecto significativo del proceso de conformación nacional en el “largo siglo XIX” colombiano. El artículo se pretende como un panorama amplio y una problematización del vínculo entre factores como la alteridad, el clima, la raza y las pasiones. Su propósito es mostrar la resignificación de viejas formas de discriminación que, aunque fundadas en paradigmas científicos aparentemente caducos, hoy conservan alguna capacidad para generar representaciones de alteridad y hegemonía. Partiendo de una configuración imaginaria de las tierras frías como referente de un “paisaje civilizado”, el texto mostrará cómo las pasiones (la alegría y la rabia, fundamentalmente) constituyeron el vértice de una nueva geografía humana basada en los nuevos principios de conmensurabilidad del clima.
Comportamientos diferenciados por género en el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas entre universitarios
Authors: Espinosa Herrera Gretel
Published: September 2021

Objetivo. Exponer una reflexión acerca de los comportamientos diferenciados por género en el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas entre universitarios. Lo anterior, se sustenta a partir del caso de una universidad regional colombiana. Metodología. Se aplica una metodología mixta, que utiliza un cuestionario de la CICAD/OEA, así como entrevistas con miembros de la misma institución. Resultados y conclusiones. Se argumenta que, si bien existen cambios en el consumo entre los jóvenes y en la percepción del consumo de sustancias psicoactivas por género, el rechazo social hacia las mujeres consumidoras sigue siendo un elemento diferenciador de la práctica.
Abordajes teórico-conceptuales y elementos de reflexión sobre rururbanización desde los estudios territoriales
Authors: Sánchez Torres Diana Marcela
Published: September 2021

Objetivo. Aportar algunos elementos de reflexión y discusión sobre la rururbanización desde el campo de conocimiento de los estudios territoriales. Metodología. Se realizó una búsqueda de literatura relacionada con la temática. Resultados y conclusiones. Se plantean algunos interrogantes para contribuir al estudio de este fenómeno tales como ¿qué es la rururbanización?, ¿qué son las rururbanidades?, ¿quiénes han investigado sobre esta temática?, ¿a través de qué categorías se ha trabajado?, ¿a qué tipo de población hace alusión?, ¿qué retos y perspectivas podríamos plantear para continuar avanzando en su conocimiento?
El binomio URBS/RUR como base de la concepción territorial y urbanística de Ildefonso Cerdà
Authors: Tort Donada Joan , Santasusagna Riu Albert
Published: September 2021

El artículo tiene como objetivo analizar el pensamiento territorial y urbanístico de Ildefonso Cerdà (autor del Proyecto de Ensanche para Barcelona y conceptuado como un autor clave en la historia del urbanismo moderno) partiendo de la consideración del significado que este autor atribuye a la urbe y a la urbanización, por un lado, y al rur y a la rurización, por otro, como los dos ejes grandes ejes a partir de los cuales concibe una teoría general de la colonización del territorio y del urbanismo. Se adopta una metodología de tipo sintético-cualitativo, en la que la fuente de información principal es la propia obra de Cerdà; concretamente, las tres grandes obras que conforman su legado escrito: la Teoría General de la Urbanización (TGU), de 1867, la Teoría de la construcción de las ciudades (TCC), de 1859, y la Teoría de la viabilidad urbana, de 1861. Como resultado, se visibilizan las implicaciones generales de su planteamiento, desde un punto de vista teórico pero también desde la óptica de su puesta en práctica en la transformación de la ciudad de Barcelona (especialmente en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX y las primeras décadas del XX). Y, a modo de conclusión, apuntamoslos diferentes niveles y sentidos en que cabe plantear su aplicabilidad (especialmente a escala territorial, y en relación con el rur y la rurización), en el contexto de los retos, problemáticas y contradicciones que se suscitan hoy día en todo lo que concierne a la planificación y gestión del espacio geográfico, sea de naturaleza rural, urbana o rururbana.
El pensamiento de Antonio Gramsci en América Latina y Colombia
Authors: Santofimio Ortiz Rodrigo
Published: September 2021

Este ensayo muestra que el pensamiento de Antonio Gramsci replicó en varios países de América Latina como fuente de comprensión de las nuevas realidades socio- políticas que vivían los países; en el caso colombiano, si bien la presencia del gramscismo es relativamente comparable a la apropiación argentina, esa “presencia” se inserta primariamente en requerimientos culturales, pero también Gramsci fue retomado con pretensiones para la praxis política, en un ambiente socio-político altamente crispado de la lucha armada y la virulencia de los movimientos sociales; el ensayo, entonces, pretende una comprensión crítica del proceso de apropiación de los “sistemas de ideas”, los cuales no se explica únicamente a partir de la difusión de las obras, sino que también tienes que ver con las características de los escenarios, así como de los obstáculos y medios utilizados; finalmente, la metodología tiene que ver con una postura hermenéutica, consultas y revisión crítica de fuentes primarias y secundarias.
L’art de la mémoire: le parallélisme comme technique mnémonique
Authors: Lara Largo Sofia
Published: September 2021

Les pratiques mnémoniques mettent en relation images et mots. L’image et la parole sont des éléments constitutifs du processus de transmission des connaissances. Ces postulats permettent de comprendre comment s’établit une relation entre les traces graphiques et les catégories de la langue à l’intérieur d’un contexte d’énonciation rituelle, comme ensemble de pratiques sociales régulées et préservées dans le temps. À partir de ce schéma Carlo Severi, auteur de « Le principe de la chimère. Une anthropologie de la mémoire », se place au milieu d’un débat plus large, qui est propre à la tradition anthropologique depuis le XIXème siècle, lequel lui permet de questionner l’opposition radicale définissant les sociétés comme de tradition exclusivement orale ou de tradition exclusivement écrite.
Exploratory factorial structure climate and labor flexibility
Authors: García Lirios Cruz , Martínez Muñoz Enrique , Quintero Soto María Luisa
Published: September 2021

Objective. Gross mode, the work climate has been studied as an area inherent in leadership. In the case of the one that is distinguished by its communication and vertical motivation, the work environment has been addressed as a determinant of flexibility in terms of conditions, salaries and benefits. In this regard, the objective of this paper has been to explore the dimensions of climate and labor flexibility in order to establish the dependency relationships between its indicators. Methodology. A non-experimental, cross-sectional and correlational study was carried out with a non-probabilistic sample selection of 300 employees from central Mexico. Results and conclusions. The labor climate determines the flexibility, although the most recent literature warns that rather the climate mediates the relationship between the flexibility policies on staff turnover, the informal salary and the absence of benefits. Research lines are recommended concerning the incidence of leadership styles in the variables in question.
Ciudades campamento y tierras desoladas. El caso de Antioquia 1997 – 2013
Authors: Ruiz Córdoba Isabel Cristina
Published: September 2021

El artículo presenta los datos principales para el departamento de Antioquia arrojados por el Censo Nacional Agropecuario confrontados con la reconfiguración poblacional de la movilidad producida por los desplazamientos ocurridos en el departamento desde finales de la década de los años noventa, que cambió los escenarios rurales y urbanos, dado que dejó un campo más empobrecido por la ausencia y el envejecimiento de los trabajadores rurales y la reconfiguración de la tenencia de la tierra, a la vez que incidió en el establecimiento de las dinámicas urbanas actuales en Medellín, su área metropolitana y las tres aglomeraciones existentes en Antioquia.
Representaciones sociales y espacio público en la construcción de ciudad
Authors: Sáenz Rodríguez Sebastián , Marín López Leydi Johana
Published: September 2021

Este artículo es producto de una experiencia investigativa que interpreta, a partir de los actores sociales las múltiples dimensiones de los espacios públicos en la ciudad de Pereira. El estudio permitió comprender cómo los vendedores informales, a partir de sus prácticas comerciales construyen, representan y apropian la ciudad, en un sector de concurrido paso y concentración peatonal como es la Carrera Octava de Pereira. El contenido del artículo devela una lectura de ciudad a través de las experiencias significativas construidas desde las prácticas cotidianas de los vendedores informales. La información que se recolectó fue producto de la combinación de técnicas e instrumentos del diseño etnográfico en investigación cualitativa, dando cuenta de las formas de apropiación, usos y significados que se construyen en los espacios públicos como escenarios permanentes de manifestación política, cultural y social.
La centralidad de la fiesta picotera en Cartagena
Authors: Sanz María Alejandra
Published: September 2021

El presente artículo pretende explicar la centralidad de la fiesta de champeta a través de su vehículo el picó en la vida de los habitantes de los barrios populares de Cartagena, Colombia. El texto a través de la descripción de diferentes elementos y actores que estructuran el mundo picotero, aborda la relación entre música y espacialidad, y analiza la forma en la que esta afecta y configura el paisaje cartagenero. De igual forma, estudia la cuestión de la corporalidad como un tipo de agencia presente en las fiestas de picó. En la conclusión, a partir de la exposición de las tensiones políticas que se presentan alrededor de la cultura picotera, se presenta la manera cómo esta estética permite la visibilización de una población marginalizada por medio de una transgresión en términos estéticos, bailables y sonoros, de espacialidades que manifiestan relaciones desiguales de poder.
La herencia como símbolo de las relaciones familiares en La Oculta, novela de Héctor Abad Faciolince
Authors: Quintín Quílez Pedro
Published: September 2021

El objetivo es ofrecer un análisis socio-cultural de La Oculta (2014), novela de Héctor Abad Faciolince que tiene como centro de la trama la historia de una casa-finca familiar ubicada en la zona suroeste de la colonización antioqueña. En términos metodológicos, se aborda el texto como una compilación de testimonios imaginarios de los que se pueden entresacar convenciones y valoraciones acerca de lo que deben ser los vínculos inter-personales. En la novela, la casa-finca adquiere una entidad propia en la vida de quienes la poseen y la habitan, al tiempo que esas personas se definen y se individualizan gracias al contrapunteo constante respecto del inmueble, tanto en términos de generaciones como de género. De hecho, la herencia del bien se constituye en el dato primero a partir del cual los personajes tratan de ubicarse en el mundo y de cerrar las brechas e incertidumbres de la vida colectiva.
Estudios sobre política e Internet: valoraciones, ámbitos de investigación y esfera civil
Authors: Portela García Juan Camilo , Suárez Álvarez Astrid Viviana
Published: September 2021

Este artículo tiene por objetivo exponer cómo se ha abordado la relación entre Internet y política a partir de la revisión bibliográfica sobre el tema y establecer puentes entre estos y el estudio de la esfera civil. Se exponen los argumentos que han indicado la necesidad de prestar mayor atención a la relación entre transformaciones digitales, orden y cambio social en distintos ámbitos. Posteriormente, se hace énfasis en la forma en que los procesos políticos relacionados con Internet han sido objeto de distintas investigaciones. Se argumenta que las valoraciones optimistas y pesimistas sobre la relación entre Internet y política pueden ser mejor precisadas a la luz de tres investigaciones diferentes, aunque no excluyentes: ciberdemocracia, esfera pública virtual y ciberactivismo. Finalmente, se propone la esfera civil como una aproximación que permite articular estos ámbitos y encaminarlos en una ruta de investigaciones en las que puede surgir un diálogo provechoso ente sociología y antropología.
La vida de las líneas, de Tim Ingold
Authors: Guzmán Peñuela Laura
Published: September 2021

La vida de las líneas ofrece a la antropología un original cuerpo de conceptos inspirado en la lineología para abordar la vida social sin reducirla a la humanidad; así como una refrescante actitud frente a la disciplina. En este libro de 30 capítulos cortos agrupados en tres partes, Tim Ingold nos invita a buscar modos y palabras más adecuadas para hacer antropología en un mundo viviente. En él cada vida (animal, vegetal, humana, mineral o de las cosas), es un atado de líneas que se entrelazan unas con otras. El nudo es el principio de unión de los seres en el mundo y la manera como éste se constituye y crece, dando origen a una malla o meshwork como conjunto de vidas o líneas entrelazadas
Cocinas tradicionales en declive: riesgo para el patrimonio cultural y la seguridad alimentaria en Guayatá
Authors: García Molano Olga Judit
Published: September 2021

El objetivo de la investigación fue analizar en una comunidad rural campesina las relaciones que emergen entre cocinas tradicionales y seguridad alimentaria y las transformaciones en estas prácticas culturales. A través de una observación etnográfica y entrevistas semiestructuradas, se identifican los cambios en la relación producción-alimentación desde aspectos como: deterioro y crisis de las economías campesinas, migraciones, transformaciones en la propiedad y uso del suelo. Igualmente, la incidencia de sus ciclos festivos, pues las fiestas marcan el espacio social y están ligadas con los ciclos productivos a través de sus cocinas tradicionales, haciendo evidentes los cambios que se están dando en sus hábitos alimenticios. De ahí la importancia de revitalizar esos procesos de la cultura culinaria inmersos en sus cocinas tradicionales, como un aporte para que a esta comunidad se le garantice su seguridad alimentaria y no se pierda este patrimonio a través del cual, han generado lazos de identidad y fraternidad.
Arte, patrimonio y la pérdida de conocimiento de la pintura de caballete en Colombia. Construcción de un sistema integrado de información
Authors: Garcés Mora Jhon
Published: September 2021

Con el fin de contribuir a las humanidades digitales y acceso abierto, se planteó el diseño y desarrollo de un Sistema de Información Científica de Arte y Patrimonio (SICAP) para la creación de bancos de información de conocimiento científico, documentación producida en labores de restauración de pinturas de patrimonio material colombiano. Esperando recuperar la información disociada, de 20 años de investigación sobre pinturas de caballete en especial los análisis con rayos X junto con análisis microquímicos, caracterización de lienzos, cortes estratigráficos e información de pigmentos, en una única base de datos relacional, diseñada para el acceso público.

Uno de los mayores retos para la gestión del patrimonio cultural, particularmente para la investigación y conservación, es divulgar los resultados de los diagnósticos, estudios y análisis realizados sobre el patrimonio material; documentación a la que además se suma el problema del deterioro, pérdida y falta de acceso de los archivos físicos.
Del infierno al cielo en Boyacá: valoración patrimonial de un camino
Authors: Moreno Veloza Lyda Esperanza , Garzón Martínez María Angélica
Published: September 2021

El artículo analiza parte del camino prehispánico entre el infierno y el cielo que conecta el municipio de Turmequé con Ventaquemada en el departamento de Boyacá. Se explora su trayecto desde una perspectiva patrimonial que permite indagar por valores naturales, arquitectónicos, culturales y arqueológicos. Metodológicamente, se hace un acercamiento etnográfico en el que se resaltan las vivencias, testimonios y recuerdos de las personas que habitan el camino. Así mismo, sus prácticas tradicionales, saberes y usos. Mediante la categoría de itinerario cultural se proponen valoraciones a propósito del ambiente natural que lo rodea, la arquitectura de piedra que lo caracteriza y los testimonios de pasados prehispánicos, coloniales y modernos que aún conserva. Se concluye resaltando la necesidad de elaborar una estrategia para que la comunidad apropie el camino entendiendo el itinerario cultural no como un fin sino como un medio para salvaguardarlo en un contexto que parece condenarlo al olvido.
COLD COMFORT FOR THE PARTIES TO A MUSLIM MARRIAGE - THE SAGA CONTINUES Hassam v Jacobs NO (Muslim Youth Movement of South Africa and Women’s Legal Trust as Amici Curiae [2009] ZACC 19
Authors: Razaana Denson  , Glynis van der Walt
Published: September 2021

In Hassam v Jacobs NO (Muslim Youth Movement of South Africa and Women’s Legal Trust as Amici Curiae) ([2009] ZACC 19), the Constitutional Court was faced with an application for the confirmation of constitutional invalidity of section 1(4)(f) of the Intestate Succession Act 81 of 1987 (hereinafter “the ISA”). The application was made pursuant to the decision of the Western Cape High Court, Cape Town in Hassam v Jacobs NO ([2008] 4 All SA 350 (C)), where it was held that the word “spouse” as utilized in the ISA could be extended to include parties in a de facto polygynous Muslim marriage. The impugned provisions of the ISA were held to exclude widows of polygynous Muslim marriages in a discriminatory manner from the protection offered by the ISA. The Western Cape High Court therefore declared section 1(4)(f) of the ISA to be inconsistent with the Constitution as it makes provision for only one spouse in a marriage entered into in accordance with the tenets Muslim rites to be an heir. The decision of Western Cape High Court was referred to the Constitutional Court in terms of section 172(2)(a) of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Act, Act 108 of 1996.
THE CONSTITUTIONAL ROLE OF THE JUDICIARY IN CASES OF SEXUAL GBV: AN ANALYSIS OF TSHABALALA v S; NTULI v S 2020 (5) SA 1 (CC)
Authors: Glancina Mokone
Published: September 2021

The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa is the supreme law, and it imposes obligations on all arms of the State, including the judiciary. In performing their functions and exercising their powers, all three arms of the State are obliged to fulfil the obligations imposed by the Constitution. In particular, all three arms of the State are bound by the provisions of the Bill of Rights. The Bill of Rights, provided for in the Constitution, is a cornerstone of democracy in the country. The Bill of Rights provides for fundamental human rights, which must be respected, protected, promoted and fulfilled by the State. Different legal systems recognised in the Republic also have to comply with the provisions of the Bill of Rights. In particular, section 39(2) of the Constitution provides that whenever legislation is interpreted and when the common law and customary law are being developed, the spirit, purport and objects of the Bill of Rights must be promoted. Therefore, even when a case before a court calls for the application of common law and all the principles applicable under common law, such application must comply with the provisions of the Constitution, including in cases of common-law rape. Gender-based violence has reached alarming rates in South Africa. The country is referred to as the “femicide nation” and the “rape capital of the world”. With a Constitution that is supreme and entrenched, a Bill of Rights that provides for the protection and promotion of fundamental human rights, and obligations incurred in terms of international and African human-rights treaties, there are particular obligations placed on all three arms of the State, including the judiciary. All three arms of the State are obliged to comply with these provisions when addressing the scourge of gender-based violence in the country. This article conducts a critical analysis of the constitutional role of the judiciary in cases of sexual gender-based violence, with a focus on section 39(2) of the Constitution. The analysis is based primarily on the case of Tshabalala v S; Ntuli v S 2020 (5) SA 1 (CC).
Remaining useful life prediction of bearings with different failure types based on multi-feature and deep convolution transfer learning
Authors: Wu Chenchen , Sun Hongchun , Lin Senmiao , Gao Sheng
Published: September 2021

The accurate prediction of the remaining useful life (RUL) of rolling bearings is of immense importance in ensuring the safe and smooth operation of machinery and equipment. Although the prediction accuracy has been improved by a predictive model based on deep learning, it is still limited in engineering because lots of models use single-scale features to predict and assume that the degradation data of each bearing has a consistent distribution. In this paper, A deep convolutional migration network based on spatial pyramid pooling (SPP-CNNTL) is proposed to obtain higher prediction accuracy with self-extraction of multi-feature from the original vibrating signal. And to consider the differences of the data distribution in different failure types, transfer learning (TL) added with maximum mean difference (MMD) measurement function is used in the RUL prediction part. Finally, the data of IEEE PHM 2012 Challenge is used for verification, and the results show that the method in this paper has high prediction accuracy
Psicologia, contextos, educação
Authors: Bairrão Joaquim
Published: September 2021

Apresentação de número temático
Effectiveness of the Nasal Creator Device after Cheiloplasty in Patients with Cleft Lip and Palate as Measured by 3D Stereophotogrammetry
Authors: Waewsanga Sulawan , Pisek Poonsak , Surakunprapha Palakorn , Piyasin Surasith , Pisek Araya
Published: September 2021

Objective: To evaluate nostril morphology post-cheiloplasty after patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) use of the nasal creator device. Study Design: This is a prospective study. Sixteen patients with nonsyndromic UCLP treated at Khon Kaen University underwent cheiloplasty and then wear the nasal creator device for 6 months. Three-dimensional images were taken, from which 5 lines and 8 landmark points were evaluated prior to (T0) and 1 day (T1), 1 month (T2), 3 months (T3), and 6 months (T4) after cheiloplasty. A Repeated Measure ANOVA was used to evaluate nostril changes between time periods and a paired t-test was used to compare values between the affected and non-affected side at T4 (P < .05). Results: On the affected side, the nostril height significantly increased from T0 (2.46±0.89 mm) to T4 (4.22±1.03 mm), and the nostril width significantly decreased from T0 (9.46±2.57 mm) to T4 (7.34±1.41 mm). On the non-affected side, the nostril height significantly increased from T0 (3.39±0.78 mm) to T4 (4.65±1.07 mm), and the nostril width was not significantly different from T0 (6.00±1.25 mm) to T4 (6.59±0.95 mm). The alar base width was not significantly different between T0 (30.18±2.72 mm) and T4 (29.82±1.69 mm). Nostril height and width were not significantly different by T4 when comparing the affected and non-affected sides. Conclusion: Using nasal creator device for 6 months significantly increased the nostril height and decreased nostril width and alar base width after cheiloplasty.
Retention Force of Glass Ionomer Based Luting Cements with Posterior Primary Zirconium Crowns – A Comparative in Vitro Study
Authors: Walia Tarun , Brigi Carel , Ziadkhani Mona Mohsen , Khayat Afaf Amjad , Tabibzadeh Zohreh
Published: September 2021

Objective: To determine the retentive force of three glass-ionomer luting cements used with prefabricated primary zirconium crowns (PPZCs) and to assess whether the retentive force was dependent on cementation material or different PPZCs brands. Study design: Four mandibular right second molar PPZCs were selected, one each from four manufacturers–NuSmile®ZR, Sprig Crowns, Cheng Crowns and Kinder Krowns. Silicone impressions of the outer surface of crowns were taken; stone dies prepared and reduced to fit the corresponding brand. 24 alginate impressions of each die obtained and filled with core buildup flowable composite. 96 composite tooth-replicas thus achieved were divided into four groups and further categorized into three subgroups of eight samples based on luting cements used – BioCem, FujiCEM®2 and KetacCem. Samples were thermocycled, placed in artificial saliva for one week followed by assessment of retentive force for crown dislodgment and failure mode. Results: Data was statistically evaluated using two-way ANOVA, HSD (P <0.05). KetacCem had the lowest retentive force while BioCem showed comparatively higher value to FujiCEM®2. Adhesive failure modes were predominant with cement mainly adhering to crown’s internal surface. Conclusions: Resin-based GI cements offered superior retention than conventional GI cements for PPZCs and retentive force was dependent on cement type.
Relationship between pulmonary function and anthropometric measurements and body composition in young women
Authors: YILDIRAN Hilal , KÖKSAL Eda , AYYILDIZ Feride , AYHAN Büşra
Published: September 2021

Purpose: This study was planned to evaluate the relationship between pulmonary function and some anthropometric measurements and body composition in healthy young women with different body mass index (BMI).

Materials and Methods: One hundred seventeen (n:117) women, aged between 19-30 years, participated in this study. Some anthropometric measurements of the participants (body weight, height, waist circumference, hip circumference, and neck circumference) and body composition were evaluated by the researchers.

Results: There was no difference in forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and FEV1/FVC values of individuals according to BMI classification. In terms of disease risk according to anthropometric measurements, no difference was found between the groups in the pulmonary function test values (except for the waist circumference). Participants whose waist circumference were 80-88 cm were found to have a significantly higher FEV1/FVC value than participants whose waist circumference were >88 cm. It was determined that there was a positive correlation between body weight, lean body mass, body fat mass, total body water values, and FVC, FEV1 values.

Conclusion: Differences in body composition and anthropometric measurements and pulmonary function assessment may be due to methodological and group-specific changes in the studies. Long-term studies that question the body composition of individuals, food consumption and physical activity levels, will be beneficial.
Elin ekstensör tendon onarımlarında kullanılan sütür materyallerinin reoperasyonlar ile ilişkisi
Authors: BAĞIR Melih , MİRİOĞLU Akif , KUNDAKÇI Buğra , BİÇER Ömer , ÖZKAN Cenk
Published: September 2021

Amaç: Çalışmamızın amacı, elde ekstensör tendon onarımlarında kullanılan emilebilen ve emilemeyen sütür materyallerinin sütür reaksiyonu-irritasyonu ile ilişkili reoperasyonlar açısından karşılaştırılmasıdır.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamızda elde akut ekstensör tendon kesisi nedeniyle tendon onarımı yapılan hastalar retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Çalışma kriterlerine uyan hastalar, kullanılan sütür materyaline göre absorbabl sütür (AS) (polidiakson) ve nonabsorbabl sütür (NAS) (polipropilen) olarak iki gruba ayrıldı. Her iki grup yaş, cinsiyet, taraf ve sütür reaksiyonu ilişkili reoperasyon açısından karşılaştırıldı. Ayrıca her iki grupta tamir edilen tendonlar ve tamir bölgeleri değerlendirildi. Sütür reaksiyonu gelişen olguların, tamir edilen tendon ve tamir bölgesine göre dağılımı değerlendirildi.

Bulgular: Çalışmada 172 hastanın 250 ekstensör tendon tamiri değerlendirildi. Hastaların, 103(%59.9)’ü NAS, 69(%40.1)’u AS grubunda yer aldı. Her iki grup yaş, cinsiyet ve taraf açısından benzerdi. Sütür reaksiyonu sebepli reoperasyon uygulanan toplam 31 olgunun 29(%93.5)’unda NAS, 2(%6.5)’sinde AS kullanılmıştı. Sütür reaksiyonu gelişen olguların % 74.2’sinin Zon 5 ve 6’da yer aldığı ve sıklıkla 2 ve 3. parmak ekstensör tendon onarımlarından sonra geliştiği tespit edildi.

Sonuç: Çalışmamızda ekstensör tendon onarımlarında NAS (polipropilen) kullanımının sütür reaksiyonu nedeniyle reoperasyon sayısını arttırdığını tespit ettik. Dolayısıyla yumuşak doku desteği açısından fleksör bölgeye göre zayıf olan el dorsalindeki ekstensör tendon onarımlarında AS ile onarımın daha uygun olduğunu düşünmekteyiz.
Self-noise spectra for 34 common electromagnetic seismometer/preamplifier pairs
Authors: Rodgers Peter W.
Published: September 2021

Because of a lack of such information, computed self-noise spectra are presented for a total of 34 frequently used electromagnetic-seismometer/preamplifier combinations. For convenience, most of these data are given in three sets of units. Peterson's Low Noise Model is included on each plot for comparison. The self noises of nine frequently employed electromagnetic seismometers properly matched to their operational amplifier (op-amp) preamplifiers are plotted. In terms of amplitude density spectra in (m/sec**2)/Hz**0.5, the values of the self-noise spectra at resonance range from a low of 3 × 10−10 for the GS-13 to a high of 1.3 × 10−8 for the HS-1. Between these two seismometers, in order of increasing noise at resonance, are the SV-1, SL-210V, S-13, SS-1, L-4C, S-6000CD, and the L-22D.

To show which seismometers exhibit the lowest noise with which operational amplifier preamplifiers, the self noises of the HS-1, L-22D, L-4C, GS-13, SV-1, and SL-210V are plotted each paired with four commonly used op-amps: the LT1028, OP-227, OP-77, and the LT1012. For the GS-13, the LT1012 was the quietest. For the rest, the OP-227 was the best. For a given seismometer, the differences in self noise between op-amps were frequently a factor of 2 or 3, and as large as 10 in one case. The use of these op-amps in the analog front ends of five current digital seismic recorders is discussed.
1855 and 1991 surveys of the San Andreas fault: Implications for fault mechanics
Authors: Grant Lisa B. , Donnellan Andrea
Published: September 2021

Two monuments from an 1855 cadastral survey that span the San Andreas fault in the Carrizo Plain have been right-laterally displaced 11.0 ± 2.5 m by the 1857 Fort Tejon earthquake and associated seismicity and afterslip. This measurement confirms that at least 9.5 ± 0.5 m of slip occurred along the main fault trace, as suggested by measurements of offset channels near Wallace Creek. The slip varied by 2 to 3 m along a 2.6-km section of the main fault trace. Using radiocarbon dates of the penultimate large earthquake and measurements of slip from the 1857 earthquake, we calculate an apparent slip rate for the last complete earthquake cycle that is at least 25% lower than the late-Holocene slip rate on the main fault trace. Comparison of short-term broad-aperture strain accumulation rates with the narrow-aperture late-Holocene slip rate indicates that the fault behaves nearly elastically over a time scale of several earthquake cycles. Therefore, slip in future earthquakes should compensate the slip-rate deficit from the 1857 earthquake.
Peak accelerations from the 1992 Landers and big bear, California, earthquakes
Authors: Cramer Chris H. , Darragh Robert B.
Published: September 2021

Peak ground accelerations (PGA) at 181 sites for the Landers MW 7.3 earthquake and at 85 sites for the Big Bear MW 6.2 aftershock are compared to the Joyner and Boore (1988) (JB) attenuation relationships and examined for spatial variations. This study finds the following five results. First, at the 95% confidence level, the mean of PGA values for both earthquakes is significantly higher than the JB median by a factor near 2. Second, for distances greater than 70 km, the observations from the Landers earthquake indicate that attenuation of ground motion with distance is less than that predicted by geometric spreading and by JB. Third, the northward propagation of the Landers rupture significantly reduces PGA values recorded at strong-motion stations south of the epicenter. Fourth, stations in the Los Angeles basin and the Coachella Valley recorded higher PGA values than expected during both events. Finally, site geology, using the site classification scheme of JB, generally does not have a statistically significant effect on PGA, except in the distance range from 60 to 100 km for the Landers earthquake. The observed difference between soil- and rock-site PGA's between 60 and 100 km for the Landers data set may be a combination of higher values of PGA recorded at soil sites in basins, an S-wave radiation maximum in the San Bernardino area, and directivity effects.
Dense array recordings in the San Bernardino Valley of landers-big bear aftershocks: Basin surface waves, Moho reflections, and three-dimensional simulations
Authors: Frankel Arthur
Published: September 2021

Fourteen GEOS seismic recorders were deployed in the San Bernardino Valley to study the propagation of short-period (T ≈ 1 to 3 sec) surface waves and Moho reflections. Three dense arrays were used to determine the direction and speed of propagation of arrivals in the seismograms. The seismograms for a shallow (d ≈ 1 km) M 4.9 aftershock of the Big Bear earthquake exhibit a very long duration (60 sec) of sustained shaking at periods of about 2 sec. Array analysis indicates that these late arrivals are dominated by surface waves traveling in various directions across the Valley. Some energy is arriving from a direction 180° from the epicenter and was apparently reflected from the edge of the Valley opposite the source. A close-in aftershock (Δ = 25 km, depth = 7 km) displays substantial short-period surface waves at deep-soil sites. A three-dimensional (3D) finite difference simulation produces synthetic seismograms with durations similar to those of the observed records for this event, indicating the importance of S-wave to surface-wave conversion near the edge of the basin. Flat-layered models severely underpredict the duration and spectral amplification of this deep-soil site. I show an example where the coda wave amplitude ratio at 1 to 2 Hz between a deep-soil and a rock site does not equal the S-wave amplitude ratio, because of the presence of surface waves in the coda of the deep-soil site. For one of the events studied (Δ ≈ 90 km), there are sizable phases that are critically reflected from the Moho (PmP and SmS). At one of the rock sites, the SmS phase has a more peaked spectrum that the direct S wave.
Extremal bounds on earthquake movement from geodetic data: Application to the Landers earthquake
Authors: Johnson Hadley O. , Agnew Duncan Carr , Hudnut Ken
Published: September 2021

We present a technique to place quantifiable bounds on the moment of an earthquake from geodetic data, assuming known fault geometry. Application of this technique to the 1992 Landers earthquake shows that the moment must have been between 0.84 and 1.15 × 1020 Nm with 90% confidence (M 7.25 to 7.34). We also find that to satisfy the data to this same level of confidence, the slip on the fault must have exceeded 7 m in at least one location, in good agreement with field mapping of the surface rupture.
A case of the influence of radiation pattern on peak accelerations
Authors: Sirovich Livio
Published: September 2021

The strong ground shaking of the 23 November 1980 earthquake in southern Italy seems to have been conditioned by the dimension of the source, its focal mechanism, and by the distance from the shallow portion of the source. There was only a low, and doubtful, directivity effect.

These results come from a comparison of the azimuthal distribution of the recorded peak ground horizontal accelerations with that of the total, dimensionless, radiation pattern of S waves in the horizontal plane at each site (radiation from the closest point of the fault, and appropriate azimuth and take-off angles were considered).

The recorded maxima were obtained from hodogram plots of each couple of automatically digitized horizontal components in 13 stations with negligible local site effects at a distance of up to 78 km from the epicenter.

The analysis indicates the strong influence of the strike-slip component on the azimuthal distribution of motion. The fault mechanism best fitting the recorded maxima is as follows: strike 318°, dip 64°, rake 317°. This picture does not change if acceleration maxima in the frequency bands 0.1 to 5 Hz, 1 to 5 Hz, or 1 to 2 Hz are used.

In a segment of the southern Apennines, where the strong-motion energy radiation in the near/intermediate field of a repetitive series of shocks from the seventeenth century up to 1980 seems to be controlled by the gross features of the source, it could be useful to include radiation patterns into algorithms for regional seismic hazard calculations. Conversely, because of the fact that drawing isoseismal lines results in a smoothing of at least the very local site effects, it might be possible to infer information about the gross features of the sources of historical earthquakes from macroseismic data.
Surface-wave dispersion analysis in Mexico City
Authors: Chávez-García Francisco J. , Ramos-Martínez Jaime , Romero-Jiménez Evangelina
Published: September 2021

In this article, we present an observational investigation of ground motion at Mexico City focused on surface waves. Our purpose is 2-fold; first, to understand incident ground motion during the great Michoacán earthquake of 19 September 1985, and second, to characterize surface waves propagating in the lake-bed zone. To this end we analyze the strong-motion records obtained at Mexico City for the large (MS = 8.1) earthquake of 19 September 1985. It is shown that, in the low-frequency range, we observe the Rayleigh fundamental mode in both the vertical and the radial components, and the Love fundamental mode in the transverse component at all the strong-motion stations. The vertical component also shows the first higher mode of Rayleigh waves. We use a very broadband record obtained at station CU for the smaller (MS = 6.7) earthquake of 14 May 1993 to verify that the dispersion computed from the model of Campillo et al. (1989) represents well the average surface-wave propagation between the coast and Mexico City in the 7- to 10-sec period range. We use this result to assign absolute times to the strong-motion records of the Michoacán event. This allowed us to identify additional wave trains that propagate laterally in directions other than great circle in the 3- to 5-sec period range. These wave trains are identified as Love waves. In a second analysis, we study a set of refraction data obtained during a small-scale (250 m) experiment on the virgin clay of the lake-bed zone. Phase-velocity dispersion curves for several modes of Rayleigh waves are identified in the refraction data and inverted to obtain an S-wave velocity profile. This profile is used as the uppermost layering in a 2D model of Mexico City valley. The results of numerical simulation show that surface waves generated by lateral finiteness of the clay layer suffer large dispersion and attenuation. We conclude that surface waves generated by the lateral heterogeneity of the upper-most stratigraphy very significantly affect ground motion near the edge of the valley, but their importance is negligible for distances larger than 1.5 km from the edge. Thus, locally generated surface waves propagating through the clay layer cannot explain late arrivals observed for the 1985 event. We suggest that the long duration of strong motion is due to the interaction between lateral propagation of waves guided by deep layers (1 to 4 km) and the surficial clay layer. This interaction is possible by the coincidence of the dominant frequency of the uppermost layers and the frequency of the deeply guided waves.
Simulating strong motions of large earthquakes using recordings of small earthquakes: the Loma Prieta mainshock as a test case
Authors: Frankel Arthur
Published: September 2021

A simple method is developed for predicting ground motions for future large earthquakes for specific sites by summing and filtering recordings of adjacent small earthquakes. This method is tested by simulating strong-motion records for the Loma Prieta earthquake (M 7.0) using aftershocks (M 3.7 to 4.0) recorded at the same sites. I use an asperity rupture model where the rms stress drop averaged over the fault plane is constant with moment. The observed spectra indicate that stress drop remains constant from the M 3 aftershocks up to the M 7 mainshock, about six orders of magnitude in seismic moment. Each simulation sums the seismogram of one aftershock with time delays appropriate for propagating rupture and incorporates directivity and site response. The simulation scales the spectrum in accordance with a constant stress drop, ω−2 source model. In this procedure, the high-frequency energy of the aftershock sum above the corner frequency of the aftershock is not reduced when it is convolved with the mainshock slip velocity function, unlike most previous methods of summation. For most cases, the spectra (0.6 to 20 Hz), peak accelerations, and durations of the simulated mainshock records are in good agreement with the observed strong-motion records, even though only one aftershock waveform was used in each simulation. This agreement indicates that the response of these soil sites is essentially linear for accelerations up to about 0.3 g. The summed aftershock records display the same site-dependent values of fmax as the mainshock records, implying that fmax is a site effect rather than a property of the mainshock rupture process.
Online Sentence Processing During Reading of Temporally Ambiguous Gapping Sentences in Brazilian Portuguese
Authors: Da Silva Andressa Christine Oliveira , Fonseca Aline Alves
Published: September 2021

This article aims to explore whether the online sentence processing of gapping sentences, with a temporary ambiguous DP at the second conjunct, such as “Beatriz baked a pizza and Carla a lemon cake for snack”, is more costing in terms of time course in comparison to other two coordinated sentences, coordinate with conjoined object such as “Beatriz baked a pizza and a lemon cake for snack in the afternoon”, and coordinate with conjoined clauses without ellipsis, such as “Beatriz baked a pizza and Carla made a lemon juice”. A Self-Paced Reading task in moving-window fashion was carried out with native speakers of Brazilian Portuguese. The results seem to indicate that temporary ambiguous DP and the resolution of the ellipsis site were more costly to process int comparison to the other two coordinated sentences.
Viés de causalidade implícita para 50 predicados do Português Brasileiro
Authors: De Carvalho Renata Sabrinne Souza , Godoy Mahayana Cristina
Published: September 2021

Nesse trabalho, construímos um corpus com predicados de causalidade implícita para o Português Brasileiro (PB). A causalidade implícita é uma propriedade de uma classe de predicados verbais cuja causa para o evento que denotam tende a recair, para alguns verbos, no sujeito da oração (“enfurecer”, “decepcionar”) e, para outros, em seu objeto (“parabenizar”, “admirar”). Nosso objetivo foi registrar o viés de causalidade de 50 predicados. Para isso, realizamos um experimento de continuação de sentenças com 34 participantes, falantes nativos de português brasileiro. Nossas análises identificaram 24 verbos com viés de causalidade associado ao sujeito e 22 verbos com viés de causalidade associada ao objeto. Esses resultados expandem um corpus já existente em português europeu (COSTA, 2003). Que saibamos, este é o primeiro estudo normativo para a construção de um corpus de causalidade implícita que tem como alvo falantes de português brasileiro. O resultado é um conjunto de verbos que podem ser usados em futuros estudos em psicolinguística ou psicologia que lidem com relações de causalidade.