bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GLC-STATISTICS: A WEB-BASED SPATIAL STATISTICS SYSTEM FOR GLOBAL LAND COVER DATA
Authors: Li R. , Liu W. , Peng Y. , Zhu X. , Zhao T. , Che L.
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Land cover data is one of the principle sources to understand changes of the earth, develop sustainable globe, conduct environment change studies, land source management, and many other societal benefit areas. Globeland30 is the first multi-temporal (for years 2000 and 2010) global land cover datasets at 30-meter resolution. Based on this dataset, an online geo-statistical system has been developed named “GlobeLand30 GSA”. It helps users from different technical expertise backgrounds to visually explore and quantitatively analyse global land cover data. Different from other Web geoprocessing services and applications or desktop GIS software, this system has developed algorithms to correct multi-type errors in computing global land cover statistics, and applied optimal strategies of pre-organizing geography and auxiliary datasets in order to provide rapid response to multiple co-occurrence user-requests. This paper presents the system architecture and the developed data processing strategies, and also the related accuracy and efficiency assessment of GlobeLand30 GSA. The result shows that the system can provide accurate and efficient land cover statistical analysis for various size and shape of user requested areas, and is capable of handling as much as 200 concurrent user-requests with reasonable response time using a low-end desktop computer system environment.
Dampak Makanan Cepat Saji Terhadap Kesehatan pada Mahasiswa Program Studi “X” Perguruan Tinggi “Y”
Authors: Laksono Rizky Agung , Mukti Nurul Dwi , Nurhamidah Didah
Published: May 2022

Abstrak

Latar belakang: Makanan cepat saji merupakan makanan yang bisa disajikan dengan waktu yang sesingkat mungkin. Makanan cepat saji memiliki banyak sekali ragam jenis, dari makanan ringan hingga berat. Sejalan dengan perkembangan pada jumlah dan jenis makanan, kebiasaan masyarakat dalam mengonsumsi makanan semakin beraneka ragam termasuk kegemaran mengonsumsi makanan cepat saji. Padahal jika dikonsumsi berlebihan, makanan cepat saji dapat mengakibatkan berbagai gangguan kesehatan. Studi ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui dampak konsumsi makanan cepat saji pada mahasiswa.

Metode: Penelitian cross sectional ini dilakukan terhadap kesehatan mahasiswa Program Studi “X” Perguruan Tinggi “Y”.  Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik penyebaran angket secara daring yang dimulai sejak 17 Oktober  2021 terhadap 28 mahasiswa. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif.

Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 53,6% mahasiswa setuju dengan konsumsi makanan cepat saji, 64,3% mengaku mengalami gangguan tenggorokan 53,6% mahasiswa merasa mengantuk setelah konsumsi makanan cepat saji, dan 64,3% mahasiswa mengaku mengalami peningkatan berat badan karena tingginya frekuensi konsumsi makanan cepat saji

Kesimpulan: Studi ini menemukan bahwa mahasiswa mengeluhkan mengalami dampak negatif dari makanan cepat saji seperti kenaikan berat badan, gangguan tenggorokan, dan merasa mengantuk.

Kata kunci: Dampak, Kesehatan, Makanan cepat saji

Abstract

Background: Fast food is food that can be served in the shortest possible time. Fast food has a wide variety of types, from light to heavy meals. In line with developments in the amount and type of food, people's habits in consuming food are increasingly diverse, including their fondness for eating fast food. In fact, if consumed in excess, fast food can cause various health problems. This study aimed to determine the impact of fast food consumption on students.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in “X” department University of “Y”. Online questionnaire was used to collected the data on October 17, 2021 in 28 students. The data were analyzed descriptively.

Results: The results showed that 53.6% of students agreed with the consumption of fast food, 64.3% admitted to having throat problems, 53.6% of students felt sleepy after consuming fast food, and 64.3% of students admitted that they experienced weight gain because of the high frequency of consumption of fast food

Conclusion: This study found that college students complained of experiencing negative effects from fast food snacks such as weight gain, throat disorders, and feeling sleepy.

Keywords: Fast food, Health, Impact
TURKEY’S STATE POLICY ON CYPRUS AFTER THE OCCUPATION OF THE NORTH OF THE ISLAND (1974-1983)
Authors: KHACHATRYAN RAFIK
Published: May 2022

This article aims at revealing the foundations of Turkish policy on the island after the Occupation of the North of Cyprus, the consequences of which are extremely important for the future of Cyprus.
The aim of the research is to study the policy of the Turkish authorities to change the population ratio on the island as well as to strengthen the Turkish element in the occupied territories, which has a solid basis for continuity in that part of Cyprus.
The work was written by a combined study of facts using the principles of historical analysis.
The study confirms that after the Occupation of North of Cyprus, the steps taken by Turkey to change the demographic picture of the island at the state level, which began in Turkey in relation to Cyprus in the 1960s, were a continuation of this aggressive policy. The goal was to divide Cyprus, to establish a Turkish presence in the north of the island, and on the way to this, Turkey was ready even to ignore the interests and wishes of the Turkish Cypriots on the island.
ԳԵՐՄԱՆԻԱՅԻ ՔԱՂԱՔԱԿԱՆՈՒԹՅՈՒՆԸ ԱՆԴՐԿՈՎԿԱՍՈՒՄ ԱՆԿԱԽ ՀԱՆՐԱՊԵՏՈՒԹՅՈՒՆՆԵՐԻ ՀՌՉԱԿՄԱՆ ՆԱԽՕՐԵԻՆ
Authors: ՊԵՏՐՈՍՅԱՆ ՆՈՒՇԻԿ
Published: May 2022

Սույն հոդվածը նպատակ է հետապնդում վերհանելու Անդրկովկասյան միասնական կառավարության գոյության անհնարինությունը պայմանավորող արտաքին և ներքին գործոնների ուսումնասիրության արդյունքները: Նշված համատեքստում միաժամանակ դիտարկվել են նաև Գերմանիայի տարածաշրջանային դերն ու քաղաքականությունը դիտարկվող ժամանակահատվածում։
Հետազոտության նպատակն է նաև դասակարգել Անդրկովկասի Դաշնային Դեմոկրատական Հանրապետության փլուզման պատճառ դարձած ներքին և արտաքին գործոնները՝ ընդգծելով անկախ հանրապետությունների ստեղծման գործում միջազգային դերակատարների շահերի սպասարկումը, իսկ ուսումնասիրության խնդիրն է բացահայտել փլուզման պատճառները, վեր հանել տարածաշրջանային շահեր հետապնդող միջազգային դերակատարների, մասնավորապես` Գերմանիայի տարածաշրջանային շահերը:
Հետազոտության ընթացքում կիրառվել են ինչպես առաջնային աղբյուրներ, ինչպիսիք են Հայաստանի ազգային արխիվի որոշ նյութեր, տպագիր փաստաթղթերի՝ առանձին հեղինակների պատկանող ժողովածուներ, այնպես էլ ռուս և արևմտյան առաջատար փորձագետների վերլուծական աշխատանքներ:
Գիտական հետազոտությունն իրականացնելիս կիրառվել են տվյալների համեմատության, վերլուծության և պատմական հետազոտության մեթոդները:
Ուսումնասիրության արդյունքների հիման վրա կարելի է պնդել, որ միջազգային իրողությունների նման զարգացման պայմաններում Անդրկովկասյան միացյալ կառավարության փլուզումն այլընտրանք չուներ, քանի որ դրան էր ուղղված ակտիվ դերակատարների քաղաքականությունը։ Վերջիններիս շահերը թեև շատ դեպքերում նկատելիորեն անհամատեղելի էին, այնուամենայնիվ անկախ բուֆերային հանրապետությունների ստեղծումը ամենաշահավետ տարբերակն էր նրանց համար, իսկ անդրկովկասյան ժողովուրդների դեպքում փաստացիորեն անխուսափելի պատմական զարգացման հետևանք էր։
ԿԱՊԻՏԱԼԻ ՆԵՐՀՈՍՔԻ ԱԶԴԵՑՈՒԹՅՈՒՆԸ ՀՀ ՏՆՏԵՍԱԿԱՆ ԱՃԻ ՎՐԱ
Authors: ՄՈՒՐԱԴՅԱՆ ԱՐՓԵՆԻԿ , ԴԱՎԹՅԱՆ ԿԱՄՈ
Published: May 2022

Տնտեսական աճը եղել և շարունակում է մնալ ժամանակակից տնտեսագիտության առանցքային հիմնահարցերից մեկը, իսկ կապիտալ ներհոսքերն ու հատկապես Օտարերկրյա ուղղակի ներդրումները (ՕՈՒՆ) այդ աճն ապահովող հիմնական և առանցքային գործոններից են:
Սույն հետազոտության նպատակն է ուսումնասիրել և վերլուծել օտարերկրյա կապիտալի ներհոսքի ազդեցությունը ՀՀ տնտեսակաան աճի վրա, ինչպես նաև վեր հանել կապիտալի ներգրավման հիմնախնդիրները ՀՀում:
Հետազոտության նպատակի ձեռքբերման համար առաջադրվել և լուծվել են հետևյալ խնդիրները՝ բացահայտել կապիտալի ներհոսքի դերը տնտեսական աճի ապահովման գործում, վերլուծել վերջին տարիներին ՕՈՒՆ-ի և տնտեսական աճի շարժընթացը ՀՀ-ում և համաշխարհային շուկայում, տնտեսաչափական մոդելների հիման վրա կատարել գնահատումներ և ուսումնասիրել կապիտալի ներգրավման առանձնահատկությունները ՀՀ-ում:
Կիրառելով տնտեսաչափական գործիքներ, մասնավորապես Գրենջերի պատճառահետևանքայնության մոտեցումը և գծային ռեգրեսիոն մոդելը՝ սույն աշխատանքում գնահատվել է ՕՈՒՆ-ի, դեպի Հայաստան փոխանցվող դրամական միջոցների, ինչպես նաև արտահանման ազդեցությունը տնտեսական աճի վրա:
Հետազոտության արդյունքում պարզ է դարձել, որ ՕՈՒՆ-ը շարունակում է առանցքային դեր ունենալ ՀՀ տնտեսության զարգացման գործում, սակայն վերջինիս դինամիկան ՀՀ-ում ունի բացասական միտում և տարեցտարի նվազում է, հետևաբար ներդրումային քաղաքականությունը պետք է ուղղված լինի բարենպաստ ներդրումային միջավայրի ստեղծմանն ու ներդրումների խթանմանը:
Лусине Мовсисян․ «Армяно-азербайджанский разговорник»
Authors: Зограбян Эдуард
Published: May 2022

В первые два десятилетия 21-го века в южнокавказском регионе произошли региональные и макрорегиональные изменения. В частности, в результате 44-дневной Арцахской войны, развязанной 27 сентября 2020г. азербайджанотурецкими вооружёнными силами и террористическими наемными бандами, на Южном Кавказе изменилась картина сложившегося в прошлом баланса сил. Резко увеличилось влияние Турции и России в региональных процессах, существенно усилилась роль политического влияния Азербайджана, появились ощутимые риски в сфере обеспечения безопасности Арцахской и Армянской Республик. В новой геополитической ситуации необходимо утвердить существующие тенденции регионального развития с точки зрения национальных интересов Армении и Арцаха, и на этой основе выработать реалистическую политику безопасности и национальных интересов.
Memoria pública sobre el terrorismo de Estado en Argentina: gestión, autoridad narrativa y derechos en disputa
Authors: Guglielmucci Ana
Published: May 2022

A partir de un enfoque etnográfico, sustentado en trabajo de campo de larga data realizado entre 2009 y 2019 en la ciudad de Buenos Aires, el artículo explora el proceso de institucionalización estatal de la memoria sobre el terrorismo de Estado en Argentina. Por una parte, muestra cómo este proceso en torno a la inscripción de la memoria como objeto de políticas públicas ha transformado la propia relación Estado/Sociedad y el reconocimiento público sobre quién tiene la legitimidad para definir el contenido del recuerdo institucional sobre la violencia política pasada. Por otra, expone cómo la creación de espacios para la memoria en ex recintos de detención y tortura ha incidido en la estructuración de formas novedosas de articulación entre organismos de DDHH, políticos, funcionarios, vecinos y trabajadores estatales, que han impactado en la relación entre narrativas sobre violencias pasadas y reivindicaciones de derechos sociales y políticos en el presente.
Alternando derechos. Acerca de cómo la Campaña anti-trata eliminó una categoría de trabajadoras
Authors: Daich Deborah
Published: May 2022

Desde que, en el 2012, se reformara la ley de trata argentina, casi todos los asuntos relacionados con el mercado del sexo fueron teñidos de suspicacias y leídos en clave de violencia. Así, en nombre del combate a la trata de personas, en el 2016 la Ciudad de Buenos Aires prohibió una antigua y reconocida categoría laboral: las empleadas contratadas para alternar o bailar con los clientes de nightclubs y whiskerías, y estimularlos a hacer gastos, copas, en su compañía. En el discurso de los legisladores, el alterne fue entendido como prostitución (y como un caso de violencia contra las mujeres), y también como una fachada para la trata de personas. ¿Cómo es que la campaña anti-trata pudo eliminar esta categoría sin que hubiera mayores repercusiones? ¿Qué pasó con las trabajadoras y su sindicato? ¿Qué tenían los feminismos para decir al respecto? Este artículo intenta dar respuesta a estos interrogantes basándose en trabajo de campo realizado entre los años 2013 y 2019
Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC): Empirically Examined Long Run Association Between Globalization, Financial Development and CO2 Emission for ASEAN Countries
Authors: Bhatti Muhammad Azhar , Raheem Faseeh ur , Zafar Muhammad Ali
Published: May 2022

This study mainly inspects the effect of globalization and financial expansion on CO2 emissions in the existence of the EKC (Environmental Kuznets Curve) framework for ASEAN economies, firstly the study employs the cross-sectional dependence econometric test. Results of CADF, CIPS unit root test, LM test, panel Kao Cointegration, Johansen Fisher test and Panel ARDL investigation revealed that (i) the hypothesis of EKC supports in ASEAN economies (ii) financial expansion and consumption of energy subsidize to the Co2 productions while urbanization has positive and globalization negative affiliation with carbon dioxide emissions (iii) the data is heterogeneous and cross-sectional dependence test confirms that there exit cross sections dependency (iv) Co-integration test confirms that variables are co-integrated, urbanization has an order of integration is I(0) and a square of GDP, economic development, globalization, financial expansion, use of energy and CO2 emission have an order of integration is I(1). Moreover, it is recommended that the authorities of ASEAN economies give some special consideration to the globalization level. Since better institutional reforms, institutional quality is vital to upsurge financial development and globalization improved financial growth.
Examined EKC Hypothesis in the Presence of Renewable & Nonrenewable Energy and Trade & Financial Developments for Pakistan
Authors: Aziz Anam , Din Salah ud
Published: May 2022

Most of the existing literature uses energy consumption to verify the effect of energy use on environmental degradation, but they fail to explore it. To achieve the revealed gap, the present study insists on the impact of the nonrenewable and renewable energy consumptions, financial development, trade liberalization & income on carbon dioxide (CO2) by using the environmental Kuznets curve theory. This study used Pakistan’s time series data for the time period of 1990 to 2018. This study used two famous unit root tests which are the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) and Phillips Perron (PP) test. Results confirm that RENERG has stationary at the level and NRENERG, CO2, GDP, GDP2, FINDEV, and TRD become stationary at first difference. Furthermore, ARDL bound test is used to analyze the model, the bound test indicates that there exists co-integration in the model and ARDL estimates the short and long-run estimates of the equation. The rise in renewable energy consumptions, economic developments, and trade openness reduces emanation of the carbon whereas the increase in renewable-energy consumption hints at carbon releases it also validates the EKC hypothesis in Pakistan. The study concludes that Pakistan’s government and regulatory authorities should initiate the programs by which they are aware of the public and citizens about the adoption of renewable energies and environmental protection levels.
Analyzing the long run linkage between Population, Economic Development and Energy Consumption on Carbon emissions of ASEAN Nations
Authors: Ahmad Tusawar Iftikhar , Altaf Mabrooka , Kiran Kokab
Published: May 2022

This study examined the effect of population, energy consumption, economic development on environment degradation in the context of ASEAN countries. For this purpose, the study used the panel data of nine ASEAN countries (Indonesia, Singapore, Malaysia, Brunei, Philippines, Cambodia, Thailand, Myanmar, and Vietnam) from 1995 to 2018 with the help of the World Development Indicators (WDI) dataset. Panel FMOLS and Panel ARDL methodology are used to examine the econometric model. ARDL results show that economic growth increases the emission of carbon dioxide which means economic development makes the environment unhealthy, moreover it confirmed the validity of the EKC hypothesis for ASEAN countries. There is a long-term positive impact of GDP and the consumption of energy on CO2 emission. In contrast, the impact of population growth is significant on the per capita emission of carbon dioxide. However, the emission of carbon dioxide hurts economic growth in the long run. Consequently, emission of carbon dioxide can be reduced, and economic growth can be sustainable by using low carbon emission technologies such as renewable energy.
The Effect of Financial Sector Development on Carbon Emission in Thailand
Authors: Hussain Altaf , Ahmad Rashid
Published: May 2022

Economic development typically faced many hurdles, like policymakers do not focus on the potential factors which create hurdles in economic development. One of the problems of economic development is climate change, which directly caused global warming. Climate change and global warming occurred due to human induced greenhouse gas production and the use of fossil fuel (manufacturing and industrial process) which produce a massive amount of carbon emission gas. Furthermore, climate change has many side effects like the rapid loss of glaciers, rising sea levels, severe heat waves, etc. Thailand is the land of tropical beaches but even the temperature increased to a certain high level in summer due to the effect of climate change. According to the intergovernmental panel report, the sea level increased over time due to climate change which is almost the average of 1.8 mm per year. So, this situation is unpredictable and the arid zone of this country is now facing the severity of droughts with increased frequency. So, the objective of this study is to examine the long run association between carbon emission, energy consumption, and financial development in Thailand. This study used the timer series data from 1980 to 2018 which is taken from (World Bank, 2020). The autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model was used to examine that long run relationship and the results indicate that there exists a uni-directional and long run relationship among financial development and carbon dioxide. So, policymakers highlight the issue of global warming and serious action against the excessive use of carbon emission because it is a serious obstacle to human wellbeing which results in an unproductive capacity of the employee. Furthermore, the government needs to establish policies that help companies to adopt environmentally-friendly equipment’s which produce less carbon emission.
Globalization, Energy Use and Environmental Degradation in Thailand
Authors: Ibraheem Ruqayya , Nasim Ismat
Published: May 2022

Globalization is a crucial determinant of energy consumption, so this study analyzes the effect of energy consumption in the presence of globalization on environmental degradation in Thailand. Furthermore, this study uses the EKC hypothesis. It estimates the effect of energy use, globalization, and economic growth with the dynamics of rising or falling influence in global economic degradation and Validation of the EKC hypothesis in Thailand. For this purpose, use time-series data from 1970 to 2018. First of all, check the order of integrating the variables by the Augmented Dickey-Fuller and Phillips Perron test. Results indicate that there exists a unit root at the level. Hence move the DOLS and ARDL econometrics model to analyze the impact of globalization, energy use and economic growth on environmental degradation. Results confirm the validity of the EKC hypothesis in Thailand due to positive and negative association among the GDP and Square of GDP, which also confirms that the U-shaped relationship exists there. Thus, globalization condenses environmental degradation while energy consumption boosts the level of carbon emission in Thailand. Therefore, the study suggested that their needs improvement in energy policies reduce the use of conventional energy resources and move towards modern energy like nonrenewable energy, which reduces the pollution in the country and boosts the economic development level.
Analysis of Factors Affecting Renewable Energy Consumption Evidenced from Thailand
Authors: Hussain Altaf , Shah Salyha Zulfiqar Ali , Ayub Muhammad
Published: May 2022

In Thailand, renewable energy is an essential component in the choice of low-emissions economy growth. This study aims to investigate the factors of renewable energy consumption in Thailand. The data has been analyzed from 1980 to 2018 to identify the influencing factors for the overall energy use of renewable energy in Thailand using the Autoregressive Distributive Lag model (ARDL). The results demonstrate that renewable energy has a long-term relationship with fossil fuel consumption, financial expansion, foreign direct investment, trade openness, and GDP per capita. Further economic and financial development boosts renewables consumption of energy in Thailand. At the same time, trade and non-renewable energy (use of fossil fuel) detract from renewables consumption of energy. Hence the government of Thailand should elaborate on strategies that can increase the renewable energy amount because renewable energy plays a significant role in economic development without affecting the environment. It also increases the share of renewable energy in total energy consumption but less than renewable energy consumption.
Investigating Reverse Gender Roles in Moni Mohsin’s “The Diary of a Social Butterfly”
Authors: Razzaq Sidra , Hashmi Farah
Published: May 2022

Gender roles and gender stereotypes are those set patterns of society that are practised years after years. Men and women behave according to their fixed roles assigned to them by society. According to these roles, females are considered weaker, and submissive as compared to males. The main aim of this research is to investigate the reverse gender roles and stereotypes in The Diary of a Social Butterfly written by Moni Mohsin. Method of textual analysis is used to analyze the text, under the qualitative mode of inquiry. The text of Moni Mohsin’s novel, The Diary of a Social Butterfly, is analyzed in the milieu of Geetha’s theory of reverse gender roles from her book Theorizing Feminism. The research findings reveal that the writer has portrayed reverse gender roles in her novel. Moni Mohsin has depicted her main character as an emancipated woman who is not conforming to the traditional roles of females. In this novel, the female character is neither submissive nor an introvert rather, she is reversing the clichéd gender roles of being a socialite.
Factors Influencing Purchase Intentions towards Fashion Jewellery: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Zahid Rida , Jaleel Javeria , Mehmood Muhammad Awais , Janjua Qaiser Rashid
Published: May 2022

This research aimed to explore factors influencing purchase intention towards fashion jewellery in Pakistan. Due to the dearth of research in this domain, an inductive research approach based on qualitative research methodology was adopted. Data was collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews and netnography. In-depth interviews were conducted with 30 consumers of fashion jewellery in the twin cities of Pakistan (i.e. Islamabad and Rawalpindi). Netnography was based on an analysis of online reviews and blogs of fashion jewellery products. The findings of this research identified several products, brand, and customer/market factors that are believed to contribute positively towards purchase intentions towards fashion jewellery. Product-related factors include durability, level of differentiation, fashion innovativeness, fine finishing, and price promotions. Brand factors were based on brand reputation, available variety, perceived authenticity, and the online presence of brands. In terms of market dynamics, factors such as individualistic culture, increasing trend of purchase of fashion jewellery, and celebrity endorsements are playing their positive role towards positive purchase intentions of fashion jewellery products. The findings of this research have added to the missing literature regarding fashion jewellery in Pakistan. Further, it has provided insight into fashion jewellery brands regarding critical factors, which they can focus on to positively influence the purchase intention of potential buyers.
English as a Second Language Teachers and Students Beliefs about Learner Autonomy at Tertiary Level in Pakistan
Authors: Shahid Choudhry , Abbasi Ishfaque Ahmed , Gurmani Muhammad Taimoor
Published: May 2022

This study is an endeavour to explore the language learning beliefs and activities of the teachers and the students at the tertiary level to become autonomous. This study used a descriptive survey method to collect the data from 250 students and 25 teachers from the University of Central Punjab Lahore, Pakistan. A snowball and convenience sampling method was used to collect data from three undergraduate programmes learning the English Language teachers and students. The descriptive results show that teachers believe autonomy is a western concept, and students believe autonomy means having the freedom to make choices in language learning. The study reveals that students have more autonomy in choosing material and methods of learning. Evaluation of learning and developing autonomy is the responsibility of the students. Students prefer learning alone in the library, and teachers want to involve the students in decision-making and prefer classes student-centred. Teachers also believe learner autonomy is desirable for class management and choosing topics for discussions. Moreover, teachers view that learner autonomy is feasible for the students to identify their weaknesses and strengths and monitor their progress. The results of the study have implications for the university teachers, adult language learners, trainers, and syllabus designers to improve the teaching and learning of language at the higher education level.
Antecedents and Consequences of Interest Rate Spread: Case of Pakistan
Authors: Iqbal Javed , Batool Anam , Ali Asad
Published: May 2022

Interest rate spread plays a crucial role in the monetary policies of the government and has a substantial impact on the economy. This article examines the bank-specific determinants of interest rate spread which include capital adequacy ratio, non-performing loans, and overhead expenses. To analyze the impact of Interest Rate Spread (IRS) on the economy, specifically, change in GDP growth rate, change in the inflation rate, change in industrial growth rate, change in foreign exchange reserves, and change in the stock market index, while ROA, ROE, and NIM are used as profitability measures of the banking sector. Data from 2011-2020 is collected and analyzed through a linear regression model, which gives significant results as twenty-two out of twenty-four hypotheses are accepted. These results will help policymakers to better formulate monetary policies and will provide the basis for new insight into IRS.
Does Corruption Invade the Effectiveness of Foreign Aid on Income Inequality in Developing Economies?
Authors: Mouneer Salma , Khan Rana Ejaz Ali , Safdar Noreen
Published: May 2022

Foreign aid is critical for developing economies to meet their developmental objectives. Income disparity is a major problem that can be addressed with foreign resources; however unscrupulous behaviors such as misappropriation of funds for personal gain might diminish the effectiveness of foreign aid. This paper analyses the influence of foreign aid (ODA) on income inequality for a panel of 62 developing nations, including regional and income categories by using the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) on model, with two specifications. The results have shown a negative impact of foreign aid on income inequality in developing economies overall and in regional and income groups of economies except Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) particularly in the first specification where corruption has not been included in the model. In the second specification where corruption has been included in the model, the corruption has shown boosting impact on income inequality in developing economies as well as in all the regional and income groups of the economies. However, the effect of ODA on income inequality has become insignificant in developing economies but positive in all groups except SSA. It explains that corruption leads to foreign aid ineffectiveness in developing economies. In the control variables, FDI has a diminishing effect on income inequality in the panel of developing economies as well regional and income groups of the economies. It is proposed that to reap the benefits of foreign aid in developing economies, corruption is necessary to be eliminated.
Linking Non Renewable Energy, Renewable Energy, Globalization and CO2 Emission under EKC Hypothesis: Evidence from ASEAN-6 Countries through Advance Panel Estimation
Authors: Hanif Sobia , Nawaz Atif , Hussain Altaf , Bhatti Muhammad Azhar
Published: May 2022

Southeast Asian countries have seen substantial economic growth over the years, but they have not been able to maintain environmental quality at the same time. Non-renewable sources constitute a significant proportion of energy consumption in the ASEAN which can have repercussions for long-term sustainable development. While the impacts of energy consumption and economic growth on environmental quality have been studied before, literature is quiet about the nexus between globalization, renewable and non-renewable energy, economic growth, and CO2 emissions in the ASEAN context. To fill in this gap in the literature, the present study estimates the effect of globalization, economic growth, and renewable and non-renewable energy on CO2 emission under the umbrella of the EKC hypothesis over the 1995 to 2020 period. Due to the presence of cross-sectional dependence and heterogeneity of slope parameters, second-generation techniques of co-integration, unit root, and long and short-run estimations are used. According to the findings of CS-ARDL estimation, non-renewable energy and globalization contribute to environmental deterioration, whereas renewable energy has a positive contribution to environmental quality improvement in ASEAN countries. Moreover, the findings prove the validation of the EKC hypothesis in the selected economies. The study concludes that the region is developing at the expense of environmental quality while also pursuing enormous globalization initiatives. The policy implications and directions of the findings for sustainable development are discussed.
An Analysis of Students’ Academic Self-Concept in English as Predictor of Their Academic Performance
Authors: Deeba Farah Deeba , Ullah Samee , Saleem Amna
Published: May 2022

The main concern of the current work was to analyze the academic self-concept (ASC) of students in English as a predictor of their performance. For this purpose, overall, 288 students representing both genders enrolled in grade 10 were the respondents of the study. A Likert scale method was administered to find students’ extent of academic self-concept to further correlate it with their obtained marks in English in the final exam of the 9th class. A demographic-based analysis was conducted under both descriptive and inferential statistics. Mean score, Standard Deviation, Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient, Independent sample t-test, and ANOVA were the major data analysis techniques involved in the analysis carried over SPSS. After analysis, a positive and significant relationship was explored between these two variables. The gender-based difference in both variables was found to be insignificant. A reasonable extent of the self-concept of respondents was also evident. The study concludes that a conducive learning environment is provided to students in academic courses and subjects keeping in view their academic self-beliefs so that they may enable themselves to identify their potential, goals, and ambitions for that particular subject and ultimately excel in it. Undoubtedly, students’ healthy self-concept stimulates them for high-level performance.
Authorial Intervention in (Hassan's State of Affairs: Fill…In…The… Blanks) Hassan Ki Suratehal: Khali…Jagahain…Pur…Karo: A Postmodern Study
Authors: Kharal Ali Ahmad
Published: May 2022

This paper focuses on the authorial intervention technique in postmodern fiction with reference to Urdu novel, Hassan Ki Suratehal: Khali …Jagahain…Pur…Karo (Hassan's State of Affairs: Fill…In…The…Blanks). The paper reviews author's role in different phases, specifically in fictional writings, including the phase of the declaration of the authorial death to subsequent resurrection and then flipflop appearance and disappearance in postmodern fiction. The case of Mirza Athar Baig's authorial intervention has been reviewed through the reading of his Urdu novel. Taking clues from Mark Currie and Peter Damian-Grint's theoretical elucidation and support of the study of Brian McHale on postmodern fiction, Foucauldian and Barthian views about authorial demise and subsequent postmodern resurrection have been analyzed to move further. This has led to postmodern authorial flipflop and its interplay upon in/direct authorial intervention in the text and textual interpretation. The resultant short analysis demonstrates that not only has Athar Baig intervened rhetorically but also, he has intruded the story editorially. At some places, Baig has confused his intervention with his persona too, a new authorial intrusion technique deduced from this analysis. The study has been undertaken in Urdu language with self-translation for evidences to support the claims deduced from the mentioned theoretical perspective.
Resist, Regulate, Reimagine, and Reinforce: How Social Workers can Advocate for Digital Inclusion
Authors: Dillard Sarah
Published: May 2022

Algorithms have become more complex, creating artificial intelligence (AI) with the hope it will match human decision making. They are now being used behind-the-scenes in areas such as healthcare, housing and employment, and criminal justice. These computer formulas were created by a privileged set of individuals who often prioritized profitand growth over privacy and protection. This has led to gross injustices that have prevented marginalized communities from receiving care, finding jobs, or gaining freedom. Social workers must be able to digitally advocate for their clients. Resisting these technologies, regulating them through legislation, reimagining the role one can play, and reinforcing what is already experienced in day-to-day interactions with AI are all ways social workers can be involved in creating a world that is digitally inclusive.
PENINGKATAN HASIL PRODUKSI PADA PRODUSEN BENIH PADI
Authors: Ahzar Fahri Ali , Nurohman Yulfan Arif
Published: May 2022

Central Java is included in the top three in national scale rice production. The agricultural sector, especially rice production, is still the mainstay for farmers in Indonesia. The increase in national rice production must be accompanied by an increase in the production of quality rice seeds. In Solo Raya, there is an Association of Seed Producers and Traders or Ikatan Produsen dan Pedagang Benih (IPPB) which consistently produces rice seeds to meet the needs of local and national markets. Community service activities with partners from the Association of Seed Producers and Traders are carried out to increase the production of quality rice seeds according to market needs.
Levels and ecological risk assessment of mineral and heavy metals in soils around Nasara Fertilizer Blending Plant, Lafia, Nigeria
Authors: Yerima Emmanuel A. , Itodo Adams U. , Sha’Ato Rufus , Wuana Raymond A
Published: May 2022

Fertilizer introduction in the right elemental proportion based on plants' nutritional needs has contributed positively to crop production. On the other hand, the leakages during fertilizer blending have contributed to excessive mineral nutrients and traces of heavy metals in the environment. These leakages contaminate water bodies or get into the food chain and bio-cumulate in tissues of living organisms with detrimental effects. This study assessed the impact of fertilizer blending on the level of some mineral and heavy metals in soils around the industrial layout using MP-AES, pollution indices in terms of the geo-accumulation index and contamination factor. The results revealed all of the mineral and heavy metals were detected in the soil in the order of abundance: Fe (10560.77±8.00 mg/kg), P (5252.17±36.15 mg/kg), K (1834.53±13.74 mg/kg), Mg (593.99±13.75 mg/kg), Mn (335.18±1.63 mg/kg), Zn (205.96±1.18 mg/kg), Pb (20.08±0.19 mg/kg) and Cd (6.51±0.06 mg/kg). There was a significant difference in soil quality, mineral and heavy metal content between the test and control soil samples (P < 0.05). The geo-accumulation index showed moderate contamination by phosphorus and strong to extreme contamination by cadmium. The contamination factor showed the soil is moderately contaminated with zinc and lead, considerably contaminated with phosphorus but highly contaminated with cadmium,  a very toxic element that distributes so easily in soil and plant tissues. Hence, consumption of crops, fruits and vegetables from the area may likely be at risk. Regular monitoring and effective clean up are recommended.
Analysis of women crop farmers' access and utilisation of agricultural credit in Yola South Local Government Area of Adamawa State, Nigeria
Authors: Vandi Ndzaruwa James , Mshelia Shuaibu Iliyasu , Michael Amurtiya , Kwaji Bitrus Hassan
Published: May 2022

Accessing financial resources is critical for achieving improved productivity in the farming business. The objectives of the study were to describe women farmers’ socio-economic characteristics; identify agricultural credit sources, and examine how such funds were utilised by the participants. The multistage sampling technique was used to collect primary data from 148 women crop farmers in 12 communities in the study area using a semi-structured questionnaire. The study revealed that the majority of the respondents were relatively young (with an average age of 41 years) and most (59.1%) were married with an average household size of 7 persons. Similarly, the majority of the participants were small-scale farmers with an average farm size of 1.7 hectares, rely (64%) on informal credit sources and the credit accessed was expended on the purchase of farm inputs, while some portion was used to meet family needs. This study recommended, among others, that formal financial institutions should implement policies that will boost the capacities of informal sources (like cooperative societies and other associations) to access a large volume of credit that they can distribute to their members.
Factors influencing level of participation of cocoa farmers in agricultural transformation agenda in Ondo and Ekiti States, Nigeria
Authors: Awotodunbo Adebayo Aworeni , Musa Mike W. , Omokore Dave Funsho , Sanni Adunni A.
Published: May 2022

The study assessed the factors that influenced the participation of cocoa farmers in the Agricultural Transformation Agenda (ATA) programme in Ondo and Ekiti States, Nigeria. A multistage sampling procedure was employed in the selection of 287 respondents for the study. Primary data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics and Tobit regression analysis. Results of the study revealed that 87.5% of the sampled farmers were male. Factors such as marital status (Z = 0.1670), sex (Z = 0.0617), years of experience in cocoa cultivation (Z = -0.0085), household size (Z = 0.0109), membership of cooperative (Z = 0.0042) and years of formal education (Z = 0.0734) influenced level of participation of cocoa farmers ATA programme at 1% level of probability. It was concluded that participation of cocoa farmers in the ATA programme was high since about 90% of cocoa farmers participated in 8 out of 12 ATA programme activities identified. The identified significant factors should therefore be given special consideration by the stakeholders while implementing similar agricultural development programmes for cocoa farmers in the study area.
Perímetro irrigado de São Gonçalo/PB: Causas e efeitos da escassez de água
Authors: Gomes Queiroz Jânesson , Rodrigues da Silva Ozias , Melo de Sá Ramon
Published: May 2022

A escassez de água doce tornou-se uma questão dramática em várias partes do Planeta. Para muitos especialistas essa problemática ocorre em razão de diversos fatores, dentre eles o desperdício e algumas consequências da intensificação do aquecimento global. O Brasil dispõe das maiores reservas hídricas da Terra, contudo algumas regiões são pobres quanto ao líquido indispensável à vida, como o semiárido. Para agravar a situação, as sucessivas secas dos últimos anos colocaram o homem numa difícil batalha para sobreviver. Nesta perspectiva a pesquisa foi desenvolvida no Perímetro Irrigado de São Gonçalo, Sousa – PB. O estudo tem como objetivo abordar as principais causas e efeitos da falta de água, e simultaneamente apresentar algumas alternativas capazes de atenuar a problemática em questão. Na área de estudo, a escassez de água decorrente da elevada evaporação, das secas e da má gestão trouxe inúmeros prejuízos ambientais e socioeconômicos. A metodologia relacionou-se à utilização de imagens de satélites, fotografias, gráficos e levantamentos empíricos e bibliográficos. Os resultados obtidos demostram um cenário desolador. A geração de renda na região, antes pautada nas culturas de coco e banana, hoje é inexistente. A falta de água para o consumo humano e animal pioram a situação. São necessárias construções de cisternas, barragens subterrâneas, barreiros trincheiras e tanques de pedras. Além dessas tecnologias torna-se oportuno a construção de açudes para armazenar as águas das chuvas. A transposição das águas do Rio São Francisco e a educação quanto à gestão hídrica também deverão ser contempladas nesse projeto integrador.
Gerenciamento de resíduos odontológicos no serviço público no município de Coremas – PB
Authors: Rozângela Lopes de Sousa Francisca , Muniz de Oliveira Mayara , Ferreira Pessoa Mariana , Oliveira Bezerra Douglas , Robson Lopes do Vale José
Published: May 2022

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo verificar o processo de gerenciamento dos resíduos odontológicos em unidades de atendimento no município de Coremas-PB. A pesquisa caracterizada como bibliográfica, qualitativa e exploratória, desenvolvida a partir de materiais publicadas em artigos, dissertações, sites, manuais, bem como leis e resoluções, que serviram de suporte para os resultados, além disso, foram coletadas informações junto a Secretária de Saúde do município, tendo como base um questionário previamente estruturado, bem como realizou-se algumas visitas às unidades de atendimento. De acordo com os dados coletados constatou-se que as etapas de manejo, tais como segregação, acondicionamento, identificação, transporte interno, armazenamento temporário, tratamento, armazenamento externo, bem como a coleta e transporte externo, acontecem de forma eficiente, o que demonstra a preocupação com o meio ambiente e com a saúde pública.
Qualidade de vida no trabalho: Um estudo de caso baseado no modelo de Walton (1973)
Authors: Rayronn de Souza Rodrigues Jefferson , Andrade de Lira Delfino Islania , Martins Pereira Cirne Gianinni , Daênnio Casimiro de Oliveira Francisco
Published: May 2022

Estudos sobre a Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho (QVT) se intensificaram nos últimos tempos na tentativa de compreender problemas vivenciados no ambiente organizacional. O objetivo do presente artigo foi avaliar a qualidade de vida no trabalho dos funcionários da Empresa PC LTDA tendo como base o modelo de Walton (1973). Neste sentido, tornou-se necessário conhecer a percepção dos funcionários sobre as ações da empresa relacionadas à QVT, de acordo com critérios especificados no referido modelo. O estudo possui caráter descritivo e a abordagem é predominantemente quantitativa, tendo o estudo de caso como estratégia de investigação. Aplicou-se um questionário contendo 35 questões baseado nos critérios de QVT propostos por Walton (1973) com os colaboradores da empresa. Os resultados obtidos com a pesquisa revelaram maiores índices de satisfação por parte dos trabalhadores quanto aos critérios referentes às condições de trabalho, ao uso e desenvolvimento das capacidades, a integração social na organização, ao constitucionalismo e a relevância social do trabalho na vida.
Utilização da análise multicriterial no auxílio de tomada de decisão: Estudo de caso no reservatório São Gonçalo-PB
Authors: Katamara Queiroga Nóbrega Aíla , Da Silva Santos Valterlin
Published: May 2022

O reservatório São Gonçalo, situado no município de Sousa – PB, entrou em colapso em agosto de 2015, de modo que as populações das cidades abastecidas pelo reservatório sofreram com um racionamento de água e as atividades agrícola no Perímetro Irrigado de São Gonçalo e nas áreas no entorno do reservatório foram suspensas. Diante disso, o objetivo desse artigo é avaliar a melhor forma de operação dos recursos hídricos do reservatório para que tal fato não ocorra novamente. Para tanto, foi proposto 5 (cinco) alternativas de operação de operação do reservatório considerando os principais usos e os níveis de água do mesmo. Foi utilizado o método de análise multicriterial PROMETHEEE II para a busca da melhor alternativa. Foram estabelecidos critérios de avaliação separados em duas dimensões (critérios referentes à utilização da água no reservatório e critérios referentes à utilização da água pela agricultura irrigada). A subjetividade da decisão humana foi analisar através de 11 (onze) cenários possíveis de pesos para cada dimensão. Os resultados apontaram que a alternativa 3 (suspensão da atividade de irrigação quando o nível o reservatório estiver abaixo de 20% da capacidade de armazenamento) e a alternativa 4 (diminuição da água destinada a irrigação quando o nível do reservatório atingir 40% da capacidade de armazenamento e suspensão da atividade de irrigação quando o nível o reservatório estiver abaixo de 20% da capacidade de armazenamento) são as melhores alternativas para a operação do reservatório dependendo do peso destinada a cada dimensão, porém tais alternativas também podem ser piores.
Mutação constitucional: A atuação do poder constituinte difuso no Brasil
Authors: Rocha Arnaud Rafaela , Cruz Targino Giliard , Marques Estrela William
Published: May 2022

A mutação constitucional e, por conseguinte, a atuação do poder constituinte difuso ainda são assuntos relativamente atuais no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro. A partir dessa perspectiva, o presente artigo pretende tratar acerca do fenômeno das mutações constitucionais e de como se dá a atuação do poder constituinte difuso no Brasil frente ao sistema rigoroso de alteração formal da Constituição. Para realizar este trabalho, utilizou-se a revisão de literatura como metodologia, além do método dedutivo e das técnicas de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Através da pesquisa realizada, pôde-se perceber a presença majoritária da interpretação judicial como instrumento de mutação constitucional no Brasil e da expressiva atuação do Supremo Tribunal Federal na execução das mutações. Conclui-se, assim, a relevância do estudo desse tema, visto que a utilização das mutações constitucionais pode evitar que se aumente ainda mais a quantidade de emendas constitucionais presentes no texto da Carta Magna brasileira.