bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unprecedented insights into extents of biological responses to physical forcing in an Arctic sub-mesoscale filament by combining high-resolution measurement approaches
Authors: Weiß Josefine , von Appen Wilken-Jon , Niehoff Barbara , Hildebrand Nicole , Graeve Martin , Neuhaus Stefan , Bracher Astrid , Nöthig Eva-Maria , Metfies Katja
Published: October 2023

In Fram Strait, we combined underway-sampling using the remote-controlled Automated Filtration System for Marine Microbes (AUTOFIM) with CTD-sampling for eDNA analyses, and with high-resolution optical measurements in an unprecedented approach to determine variability in plankton composition in response to physical forcing in a sub-mesoscale filament. We determined plankton composition and biomass near the surface with a horizontal resolution of ~ 2 km, and addressed vertical variability at five selected sites. Inside and near the filament, plankton composition was tightly linked to the hydrological dynamics related to the presence of sea ice. The comprehensive data set indicates that sea-ice melt related stratification near the surface inside the sub-mesoscale filament resulted in increased sequence abundances of sea ice-associated diatoms and zooplankton near the surface. In analogy to the physical data set, the underway eDNA data, complemented with highly sampled phytoplankton pigment data suggest a corridor of 7 km along the filament with enhanced photosynthetic biomass and sequence abundances of sea-ice associated plankton. Thus, based on our data we extrapolated an area of 350 km2 in Fram Strait with enhanced plankton abundances, possibly leading to enhanced POC export in an area that is around a magnitude larger than the visible streak of sea-ice.
Outpatient Mental Health Care During the First Three High Incidence Phases of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Germany - Results from the COVID Ψ Outpatient Survey
Authors: Fehr Mandy , Köhler Sabine , Roth-Sackenheim Christa , Geschke Katharina , Tüscher Oliver , Adorjan Kristina , Lieb Klaus , Hölzel Lars P. , Wiegand Hauke F.
Published: October 2023

Background
Internationally, the COVID-19 pandemic went along with significant shifts in utilization of mental healthcare inpatient and outpatient offerings. As only a few studies have examined the situation of the mental health outpatient systems in Europe so far, the COVID Ψ Outpatient Survey surveyed outpatient providers in Germany regarding changes in utilization; associated problems, challenges and contributing factors; telemedicine services; interactions with inpatient mental health and nursing home services; and experiences with post-COVID syndromes.
Methods
N = 105 outpatient mental health specialists of all regions of Germany took part in the online survey. It consisted of a combination of pre-formulated and free text responses.
Results
For the first high incidence phase (HIP) of the COVID-19 pandemic in spring 2020, 31% of the survey participants reported a decrease > 20% and 5% an increase > 20% of contacts. For the third HIP in spring 2021, 4% reported a decrease > 20% in the number of contacts, while 30% indicated an increase > 20%. Often suggested reasons for initial decreases were patients fears of infection and providers protection measures, and for later increases pandemic and lockdown-related anxieties and economic stressors, and capacity reductions of the inpatient system. The participants related the initial capacity reductions of both inpatient and outpatient system to multiple complications. Telemedicine offerings were introduced by many providers and already in summer 2021 a majority reported consultations for post-COVID syndromes.
Conclusions
The survey hints at changes in utilization, multiple problems but as well good-practice-solutions in the mental health outpatient system during the COVID-19 pandemic. For future crises a better surveillance is recommended.
Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Stimulation Attenuates LPS-Induced Depression-like Behavior by Regulating Central α7nAChR/JAK2 Signaling
Authors: wang junying , Wang Yu , Chen Yu , Zhang Jinling , Zhang Yue , Li Shaoyuan , Zhu Haohan , Song Xingke , Hou Liwei , Lei Wang , Wang Yifei , Zhang Zixuan , Rong Peijing
Published: October 2023

Depression is a serious disabling disease worldwide. Accumulating evidence supports that there is a close relationship between depression and inflammation, then inhibition of neuroinflammation may be another mechanism for the treatment of depression. Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Stimulation(taVNS), as a non-invasive transcutaneous electrical stimulation, could effectively treat depression, but its mechanism is unclear. In this study, rats with depression-like behavior were induced by intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The rats were randomly divided to Control group, LPS group, taVNS + LPS group and the same as the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine chloride receptor(α7nAChR) (-/-) gene knockout rats. The expressions of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-ɑ) and phosphorylated-Janus kinase2(p-JAK2),phosphorylated-signal transducer and activator of transcription3(p-STAT3) in the hypothalamus, amygdala and hippocampus were detected by Western Blot. We observed that LPS significantly decreased the sucrose preference, the time of into the open arms in the elevated plus maze, and the number of corssing and reaing in the open field test. TaVNS treatment improves these depression-like behaviors, but taVNS is not effective in α7nAChR (-/-) gene knockout rats. The expression of TNF-ɑ signifciantly increased, and the expression of p-Jak2 and p-STAT3 markedly decreased in the hypothalamus and amygdala induced by LPS. TaVNS could significantly reverse the above-mentioned phenomena but had rare improvement effect for α7nAChR(-/-) rats. We conclude that the antidepressant effect of taVNS for LPS-induced depressive rats is related to α7nAchR/JAK2 signal pathway in the hypothalamus and amygdala.
Embayed Beach Configuration Explained by Wave Sheltering
Authors: Silva Ana Nobre , Taborda Rui , Andrade César
Published: October 2023

Embayed beaches, characterized by their distinctive planform curvature, are a common feature along coastlines worldwide. This study introduces a novel approach to describe bay shape that extends our understanding about the processes that control embayed beach development. The novel approach was thoroughly tested against one-line models and applied to real-world cases covering a wide range of spatial scales, wave climate conditions and geomorphological settings. Here we show that the equilibrium curvature of embayed beaches can be correctly described and predicted by considering headland-provided offshore wave sheltering alone, without explicitly accounting for wave shoaling, refraction, diffraction, or longshore transport. This holds true as long as the offshore wave climate is accurately characterized, including complete information regarding wave direction and spread. For narrow-banded dominant swell wave regimes, the inclusion of background wind sea components has been identified as crucial for predicting curvature in the more sheltered embayed domain. The presented model significantly contributes to the understanding of how waves shape embayed beaches.
Initial Insights into Deep Learning Analysis for Detecting Brain Oxygenation Changes from MRI
Authors: Andrei Alexandra-Georgiana , Brătan Costin Andrei , Tocilă-Mătășel Claudia , Mureșanu Bogdan , Ionescu Bogdan , Tebeanu Ana Voichița , Dascălu Monica , Bobeș Gabriela , Popescu Ionuț , Neagu Adriana , Franți Eduard , Iana Gheorghe , Iorgulescu Gabriela
Published: October 2023

The act of screaming, often viewed as a primal expression of intense emotion, serves a cathartic purpose that can help individuals release negative emotions during times of nervousness. Psychologists have recognized the therapeutic benefits of emotional release through screaming and have incorporated it into various therapeutic approaches. Understanding the intricate workings of the human brain during the act of screaming can be achieved through innovative medical tools, with Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) standing as a paramount choice. Even without dedicated fMRI analysis, extracting texture data from MRI images can contribute significantly to our understanding of the brain's functional processes. In this study, we involved a multidisciplinary team and the purpose was to investigate, for the fist time, if there are any brain oxygenation level changes that appear in the MRI scans while the subject is screaming and if these can be detected using deep learning models.MRI scans were carried out as part of evaluation of brain oxygenation levels during screaming for 4 subjects. Two types of recordings were acquired from each one of them: pre-screaming MRI and screaming MRI. The interpretation of the MRI images was carried out with deep-learning algorithms trained to automatically detect the differences in the images. We used an AlexNet classifier and the results show that brain oxygenation changes appear while a person is screaming and can be automatically detectable using MRI analysis. The classifier used attained an accuracy of 89.92\%, underscoring discernible distinctions between MRI scans captured during both normal, non-screaming conditions and instances of screaming. The article summarizes significant open questions, lessons learned, and these preliminary results are very valuable, opening up numerous study directions for future research.
A Novel Approach for Secure Communication Networks: Dual Key Extraction-based NOMA Technique
Authors: V Kaveri , Deepa Thangavel
Published: October 2023

With the exponential growth of wireless communication technologies, ensuring the confidentiality of transmitted data has become paramount. This paper introduces a cutting-edge encryption scheme utilizing Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) for secure key generation. It proposes a method that utilizes an identical secret key derived from channel randomness and distance to prevent eavesdropping in NOMA communication, thus enhancing the system's resistance against potential attacks. NOMA is employed to simultaneously serve multiple users at the same time and frequency resources by applying different power levels to each user. In the proposed encryption scheme, NOMA principles combine channel randomness and user-base station distance in a non-orthogonal manner. This approach allows the generation of identical encryption keys shared by multiple users, ensuring an efficient and robust security mechanism benefits increased spectral efficiency and an improved system. The non-orthogonal of the generated encryption key enhances the security level, as it becomes harder for eavesdroppers to intercept and decipher the key. Integrating NOMA in the key generation process introduces an additional layer of unpredictability, further bolstering security. Extensive simulations and analyses were conducted to assess the proposed NOMA-based dual key extraction performance. A qualitative comparison between sources and a new proposed direction shows the Secrecy rate, key secrecy capacity, and secrecy outage probability demonstrate its effectiveness in providing a high level of security while incurring minimal overhead on the communication system.
Investigation of drag reduction by slurry-like drag-reducing agent in microtube flow using response surface methodology (RSM)
Authors: Cheng Zhensong , Zhang Xin , Dai Xiaodong , Song Xinwang , Li Lei , Liu FeiFan , Zhang Guoxin , Lu Yuan , Wang Xudong
Published: October 2023

In this study, we investigated the drag reduction property of a premixed slurry drag reducer in a millimeter-scale pipe. The aim of this study is to establish the correlation between Fanning friction factor and drag reducer concentration (C) and volume flow (Q). First, the experimental plan was designed by using the response surface method (RSM), and then the experimental data were processed to establish the quadratic correlation between the response variable and the description variable. After that, ANOVA analysis of variance was used to verify the accuracy of the experimental data and the correlation. Finally, the prediction model is extended to a larger concentration and volume flow range, and it is found that the accuracy between the predicted value of friction coefficient and the experimental value is ±30%, thus verifying that the correlation is suitable for the small-scale fully turbulent region.
Identification of oxidative stress-related diagnostic markers from gestational diabetes mellitus and immune infiltration by machine learning
Authors: Gan Bei , Wu Xiuyan , Zhang Xia , Chen Lihong , Jianhua Li
Published: October 2023

Background
During pregnancy, the instability of glucose tolerance led to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in the expectant mother, resulting in significant harm to both the pregnant woman and the infant. Oxidative stress-related genes (OSRGs) play a crucial role in diabetes. However, it is still not fully understood whether OSRGs also affect GDM. Therefore, this study sought to find hub genes from OSRGs can influence the diagnosis and treatment of GDM.
Methods
GSE203346 and GSE70493 from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were used as training and verification sets. OSRGs were downloaded from GeneCard database. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified with the limma package for GO/KEGG/GSEA analysis in the clusterProfiler package. These OSRGs were further analyzed using LASSO and SVM-RFE to identify diagnostic biomarkers for GDM. A diagnostic model was established using the Glm function and verified with ROC curve. The relationship between hub genes and immune infiltration was analyzed.
Results
The study identified 937 DEGs from GSE203346 dataset and 10 differentially expressed oxidative stress-related genes (DEOSRGs) were screened. The LASSO and SVM-RFE results showed that seven genes (DNMT3B, SLC6A2, DNMT1, CACNA1C, PENK, S100B and H2BC3) were identified as OSRGs diagnostic biomarkers for GDM. The AUC value of GDM diagnosis model was 0.9920 in training set and 0.8524 in verification set. Three hub genes (SLC6A2, PENK and S100B) were identified between DEOSRGs and LASSO and SVM-RFE results. ROC analysis showed that AUC values of SLC6A2, PENK and S100B were 0.7024, 0.7119 and 0.6964, respectively. The results of immune infiltration suggest that these SLC6A2, PENK and S100B might have regulatory role in the immune response of GDM. Finally, 19 drugs targeting S100B and SLC6A2 were retrieved from the DrugBank database, some of which may be useful for the treatment of GDM.
Conclusions
By combining DEOSRGs with two machine learning algorithms, three hub genes (SLC6A2, PENK and S100B) were explored. Three hub genes are strongly associated with several infiltrating immune cells, immunoinhibitors, immunostimulators and chemokines. These hub genes could potentially contribute to a better understanding of the development and drug treatment of GDM.
An 18-Gene Algorithm urine test for predicting prostate cancer metastasis and castration- resistance
Authors: Guo Jinan , Gu Di , Johnson Heather , Zeng Qingsong , Zhang Xuhui , Xia Taolin , Feng Xiaoyan , Zhang Heqiu , Simoulis Athanasios , Wu Alan HB , Li Fei , Tan Wanlong , Johnson Allan , Dizeyi Nishtman , Abrahamsson Per-Anders , Xiao Kefeng , Zou Chang , Chen Lingwu , Persson Jenny L.
Published: October 2023

Background
There is an urgent need to accurately predict the risk of distant metastasis and metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) for treatment decision-making and reducing mortality. An artificial intelliegnce machine learning screening method in combination with liquid biopsy urine test was used to develop a novel gene expression-based algorithm for predicting prostate cancer distant metastasis and mCRPC in newly diagnosed patients.
Methods
Random forest machine learning algorithm screening was conducted to develop and validate a gene expression-based algorithm to predict the risk of metastasis and mCRPC using liquid biopsy urine samples from the patients with distant metastasis and mCRPC collected from multi-center retrospective (n = 505) and prospective (n = 243) studies with a median follow-up period of 8 and 6 years respectively. The prognostic performance of the algorithm test was assessed using univariate/multivariate Cox regression analyses, Kaplan-Meier disease-free survival plot, and univariate/multivariate discriminant analyses.
Results
A novel 18-Gene Algorithm urine test was developed and validated. The algorithm showed high accuracy to predict distant metastasis with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.96 (95% CI 0.87–1.05) and 0.98 (95% CI 0.96–1.02) in the retrospective and prospective cohort respectively. In the prospective cohort, a hazard ratio (HR) to predict metastasis-free survival was 93.8 (95% CI 29.3-300.6) (p < 0.0001). In a prospective mCRPC cohort (n = 205), the algorithm predicted mCRPC-free survival with a HR of 154.4 (95% CI 36.8-647.5) (p < 0.0001) and predicted mCRPC with AUC of 0.98 (95% CI 0.95–1.01). In contrast, currently using clinicopathological parameters, such as Gleason grade and pre-operative PSA, had much lower prognostic power.
Conclusions
The novel 18-Gene Algorithm is the first highly accurate and non-invasive liquid biopsy urine test to predict distant metastasis and mCRPC in newly diagnosed prostate cancer patients with the potential to improve prostate cancer treatment decision-making and reduce mortality.
Big Dermatological Data Service for Precise and Immediate Diagnosis by Utilizing Pre-trained Learning Models
Authors: Elbes Moahammad , AlZu'bi Shadi , Kanan Tarek , Mughaid Ala , Abushanab Samia
Published: October 2023

Artificial intelligence (AI) approaches have been shown to be effective in classifying skin diseases and outperforming dermatologists in diagnosis. Using big data as a dermatological diagnosis service can present several challenges. One challenge is the need to accurately label and classify large amounts of data, such as images of infected skin. This can be time-consuming and resource-intensive. It is important to implement proper safeguards to protect sensitive medical information. Despite these challenges, the use of big data in dermatology can lead to several outcomes. It can improve the accuracy of diagnoses, leading to better patient outcomes. It can also help to identify patterns and trends in skin conditions, allowing for earlier detection and prevention. In addition, big data can be used to identify risk factors for certain conditions, enabling targeted preventative measures.
Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been widely used for skin lesion classification, and recent advances in machine learning algorithms have led to a decrease in misclassification rates compared to manual categorization by dermatologists. This article utilizes the use of big data for accurate dermatological diagnosis services, it introduces the use of various CNNs for classifying different types of skin cancer. While deep learning and pretrained transfer learning techniques have advantages over traditional methods, they also have limitations and the potential for incorrect identification under certain circumstances. This work discusses these vulnerabilities and employs pretrained models to classify 11 different skin diseases, including monkey pox. The performance of the system is evaluated using accuracy, loss, precision, recall, and F1 score, and the results show that the system is able to diagnose the 11 skin illnesses with an accuracy rate of 97% using transfer learning in Keras and computer vision models. The best model was found to be Inception_ResNetV2 with 50 epochs and the Adam optimizer.
Micromechanical Analysis of Diffuse Instability in 2D Granular Materials
Authors: Shi Jingshan , Guo Peijun
Published: October 2023

By taking advantage of the directional statistics and DEM simulated tests, diffuse instability in the 2D granulate assembly of circular particles was thoroughly investigated with particular attention paid to the microstructural origin for triggering this collapse. Hill’s stability postulate and criterion were employed during the micromechanical analysis. A Stress rate Force Fabric (SrFF) function and a Strain rate Displacement Fabric (SrDF) function are firstly derived, based on which a micro-structural second-order work is pursued for 2D granular systems. It is recognized that rate of contact density( mv), evolution of microstructure anisotropy (Ν2D ) characterizing both contact and contact forces networks, and variation of directional average normal contact force (f n0 ) are the three microstructural variables of the second-order work and therefore characterize the onset of diffuse instability. Numerical simulation results further indicate that or the rate of fabric anisotropy in the strong sub-network (a cs ) dominates the capability of shear resistance and can be used to predict the onset of diffuse instability with the assistance of the loading direction. However, f n0 is related to the rate of fabric anisotropy for the weak sub-network(a wc ), whose degradation is found to be microstructural origin for diffuse instability. Moreover, the initiation of static liquefication occurs when f n0 ≈0 and the collapse of the weak sub-network is always accompanied by a drastic decrease in contact density or coordination number which is frequently observed during diffuse instability.
Effect of intervention on screen time in preschoolers: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Xi Xiaobin , Jiang Jieying , Ding Yuming , Wu Yan , Zhou Xiaojiao , Liu Wanshuai , Huang Xin , Ye Sunyue
Published: October 2023

Background
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions on screen time (ST) in preschool children and identify potential moderators of intervention effects.
Methods
A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to assess interventions on ST in preschool children. Databases searched included CNKI, Wanfang, SinoMed, Web of Science, Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane library, until December 31, 2022. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using the risk of bias tool, and the effect size was evaluated by standardized mean difference (SMD) between intervention and control group.
Results
A total of 26 studies with 7944 participants were included in the meta-analysis. The overall SMD (95%CI) of interventions on ST in preschoolers was − 0.61 (-0.92,-0.31). Subgroup analysis showed that the intervention effect was moderated by gender of child (X2 = 3.74, P = 0.05) and treatment received by the control group (X2 = 8.54, P = 0.003).
Conclusion
While these interventions have shown promise, there is still much to learn about their efficacy and applicability across diverse populations and intervention characteristics. This study is registered on the PROSPERO database (CRD42023402518).
Development and application of Chinese medical ontology for diabetes mellitus
Authors: Hu Jie , Huang Zixian , Ge Xuewen , Shen Yulin , Xu Yihan , Zhang Zirui , Zhou Guangyin , Wang Junjie , Lu Shan , Yu Yun , Wan Cheng , Zhang Xin , Huang Ruochen , Liu Yun , Cheng Gong
Published: October 2023

Objective
To develop a Chinese Diabetes Mellitus Ontology (CDMO) and explore methods for constructing high-quality Chinese biomedical ontologies.
Materials and Methods
We used various data sources, including Chinese clinical practice guidelines, expert consensus, literature, and hospital information system database schema, to build the CDMO. We combined top-down and bottom-up strategies and integrated text mining and cross-lingual ontology mapping. The ontology was validated by clinical experts and ontology development tools, and its application was validated through clinical decision support and Chinese natural language medical question answering.
Results
The current CDMO consists of 3,752 classes, 182 fine-grained object properties with hierarchical relationships, 108 annotation properties, and over 12,000 mappings to other well-known medical ontologies in English. Based on the CDMO and clinical practice guidelines, we developed 200 rules for diabetes diagnosis, treatment, diet, and medication recommendations using the Semantic Web Rule Language. By injecting ontology knowledge, CDMO enhances the performance of the T5 model on a real-world Chinese medical question answering dataset related to diabetes.
Conclusion
CDMO has fine-grained semantic relationships and extensive annotation information, providing a foundation for medical artificial intelligence applications in Chinese contexts, including the construction of medical knowledge graphs, clinical decision support systems, and automated medical question answering. Furthermore, the development process incorporated natural language processing and cross-lingual ontology mapping to improve the quality of the ontology and improved development efficiency. This workflow offers a methodological reference for the efficient development of other high-quality Chinese as well as non-English medical ontologies.
The relationship between visceral adiposity index and acute pancreatitis
Authors: Wang Tingting , Cao Fei , He Jiajun , Zhu Lei , Yang Xiaoxi , Ma Shuli , Zhu Quping , Li Yuanhao , Yang Chuting , Liu Jun , Chen Weiwei , Chen Chaowu
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Visceral adipose tissue has been indicated closely connected with the severity of acute pancreatitis (AP). Visceral adiposity index (VAI) is a mathematical model that consists of waist circumference, body mass index, triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, which has been demonstrated to be a better indicator of visceral fat than other traditional indices.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on a cohort of 1174 patients diagnosed with AP. These patients were categorized into two groups based on their VAI values: the normal VAI (NVAI) group and the elevated VAI (EVAI) group.
Results: The EVAI group were much younger, mainly male and had higher incidence of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) compared with the NVAI group (p < 0.001). The EVAI group developed higher incidences of persistent respiratory failure, acute peripancreatic fluid collection (APFC) and acute necrotic collection (ANC). The VAI level and the percentage of EVAI showed an increasing trend with the severity of AP (p < 0.001). EVAI was the most independent risk factor for persistent respiratory failure (OR = 6.405, 95% CI 2.317-17.705), APFC (OR = 2.093, 95% CI 1.255-3.578) and ANC (OR = 4.910, 95% CI 1.736-13.887).
Conclusions: EVAI was strongly related to the severity of AP. It was the most independent risk factor of persistent respiratory failure, APFC and ANC.
Analysis of ultrasonic composite pulsating heat pipe reinforced phase change material heat storage research
Authors: Han Xiaochun , Luo Xiaoxue , Zhang Xiaojun , Cao Shibo , Hao Huili
Published: October 2023

Studies have shown that ultrasonic waves can enhance heat transfer in Pulsating Heat Pipes, it also enhances the heat storage of Phase Change Materials, however, there are few studies on ultrasonic composite Pulsating Heat Pipes reinforced phase change material heat storage. In this paper, a phase change material heat storage device under ultrasonic field is designed, and the enhanced heat transfer performance of ultrasonic composite Pulsating Heat Pipes is studied and analyzed. Experimentally observed the change of heat storage efficiency of the heat storage device caused by ultrasonic wave at different power and different positions. The results show that : under the same ultrasonic (28KHz)frequency, after applying power of 50W、100W and 120W ultrasonic fields on one side of the heat storage device, the heat storage efficiency increased by 55.6%、 57.5% and 67.1% respectively ; the heat transfer coefficients under power of 50W and 120W ultrasonic fields are respectively Increased by 6.1% and 12.6% ; after applying 50W、100W and 120W ultrasonic fields on both side of the heat storage device, the heat storage efficiency increased by 44.5% 、 60.4% and 73.4% respectively, and the heat storage efficiency increased non-linearly. Then the heat storage process was analyzed, and it was found that the heat transfer coefficient fluctuated, and the heat transfer coefficient reached the maximum when the phase transition temperature was just reached. In addition, it was found that ultrasonic waves combined with Pulsating Heat Pipes enhanced heat transfer, which significantly shortened the start-up time of pulsating heat pipes, and verified the enhanced heat transfer of supercooled boiling of Pulsating Heat Pipes under ultrasonic fields; the research results can be used to design closed phase change thermal energy storage units, would provide useful inspiration for further development and application of Pulsating Heat Pipes and Phase Change Materials with ultrasonic.
Mood swings and risk for cancer: A Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Zhang Wangjin , Chen Jinghui , Zhang Tingting , Qiu Sihua , huang yingdan
Published: October 2023

Background: Despite significant advances in the treatment and prevention of cancer, it remains a leading cause of death globally, imposing a substantial economic burden. In this study, we employed Mendelian randomized studies to explore the causal relationship between mood swings and the risk of cancer.
Methods: We conducted a large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) to extract instrumental variables (IVs) that were strongly associated with exposure factors through genetic variation. We used three methods, namely inverse variance weighting (IVW), Weighted median, and MR Egger, to analyze the data and obtain preliminary results. We further used sensitivity analysis to verify the reliability of our findings. We used Cochran's Q value to detect heterogeneity, the MR-Egger intercept test to detect polymorphism and a leave-one-out analysis was conducted to evaluate the impact of removing a single SNP on the results.
Results: Our findings that mood swings are associated with an increased risk of endometrial cancer and ER- breast cancer. Our MR analysis indicates that mood swings are not associated with the risk of ER+ breast cancer, lung cancer, colorectal cancer, bladder cancer, prostate cancer, and ovarian cancer.
Conclusion: Our MR study reveals that mood swings increase the risk of endometrial cancer and ER-breast cancer.
Tetrahydroxy stilbene glycoside protects N2a/APP695swe cells by regulating Mfn2
Authors: Wang Yanyun , Ye Qunying , Qian Jun , Liu Zhipeng , Luo Hongbo
Published: October 2023

Background:
To investigate the effect of tetrahydroxy stilbene glycoside (TSG) on mitochondrial function and apoptosis of N2a/APP695swe cells by regulating the expression level of mitofusin 2 (Mfn2) and to further explore the mechanism of the effect of TSG on cell protection.
Methods:
The CCK8 method was used to analyze the cell viability of N2a/APP695swe cells treated with different concentrations of TSG for 48 h and to select the appropriate concentration of TSG for subsequent experiments. N2a/WT cells and N2a/APP695swe cells were routinely cultured in vitro, and the experimental cells were divided into four groups: the blank control group (WT group): N2a/WT cells, routinely cultured; the model group (APP group): N2a/APP695swe cells, routinely cultured; the treatment group (TSG group): N2a/APP695swe cells, appropriate concentrations of TSG intervention; and the inhibition group (siRNA group): N2a/APP695swe cells, siRNA used to inhibit Mfn2 expression, appropriate concentrations of TSG intervention. The JC-1 method was used to detect mitochondrial membrane potential, the TUNEL method was used to observe apoptosis by fluorescence microscopy, WB was used to detect protein expression of Mfn2, Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase3, Caspase9, and Cytochrome C, and RT‒qPCR was used to detect Mfn2, Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase3, and Caspase9 mRNA expression.
Results:
A concentration of 100 μmol/L TSG was selected for the experiment (P< 0.01). Compared with the WT group, the APP group showed decreased membrane potential (P<0.05), increased apoptosis (P<0.05), increased expression of cytochrome C, Bax, Caspase3, and Caspase9 (P<0.05), and decreased expression of Mfn2 and Bcl-2 (P <0.05). Compared with the APP group, the TSG group showed increased membrane potential (P<0.05), decreased apoptosis rate (P<0.05), decreased expression of Bax, Caspase3, Caspase9, and cytochrome C (P<0.05), and elevated expression of Mfn2 and Bcl-2 (P<0.05) in the siRNA group. Caspase9 and cytochrome C expression was decreased (P<0.05), Bcl-2 expression was elevated (P<0.05), and Mfn2 expression was decreased (P<0.05) in the siRNA group. Compared with the TSG group, the membrane potential level was decreased (P<0.05) and the apoptosis rate was increased (P<0.05) in the siRNA group, and the expression of Bax, Caspase3 and Caspase9, and cytochrome C was elevated (P<0.05) and the expression of Mfn2 and Bcl-2 was decreased (P<0.05) in the siRNA group.
Conclusion:
TSG has a clear protective effect in N2a/APP695swe cells, which may be associated with upregulating Mfn2, elevating mitochondrial membrane potential, increasing Bcl-2 expression and reducing the release of Bax, Caspase3, Caspase9, and cytochrome C, thereby ameliorating cellular mitochondrial dysfunction and inhibiting apoptosis.
Diversified Recommendation Algorithm Based on Penalty Factors
Authors: fan deng , Jiabin wang , Sheng Lv
Published: October 2023

Personalized recommendation system is a technology that uses user behavior and preference information to provide personalized recommendations for users. With the development of the Internet and the era of information explosion, personalized recommendation systems have been widely used in e-commerce, social media, music, video and other fields. Negative feedback-based user diversity recommendation algorithms aim to provide richer and diverse recommendation results to satisfy users' different interests and needs. Traditional recommender systems usually face the problems of over-personalization and user information bubbling because they mainly rely on positive feedback signals (user clicks, purchases, etc.), which may lead to users being recommended similar content and ignoring potential diversity. At the same time, due to the influence of social attributes, people tend to be influenced by mainstream elements, which leads to the problem of "information cocoon" when recommending, although it can still recommend content for the user's satisfaction, but does not really take into account the user's own interests and needs. This paper combines a series of commonly used recommendation algorithms, such as itemCF, userCF, CB, etc., to take into account the social type at the same time, more consideration of the user's own personalized recommendations, and the introduction of "negative feedback" mechanism to reduce the popular labels on the impression of the user's real interests, to further explore more innovative and interesting content, to achieve the effect of The effect of thousands of people is realized.
Сurrent state of Vairimorpha spp. infection cases and haplotype distribution across Eurasian countries
Authors: Shamaev Nikolai D.
Published: October 2023

Current state of Vairimorpha spp. infection cases in A. mellifera across Eurasia was characterized using electronic databases. Most of the study regions reported presence of mixed infection with Vairimorpha spp, excluding South-West and South-Central parts of Eurasia, where only V. ceranae was present. No reports were found in the North-East part of Eurasia. Additionally, the presence of Vairimorpha spp. Ptp3 amino acid local haplotypes in the Republic of Tatarstan, Russian Federation was examined. As a result, two local haplotypes of V. ceranae were found: the first one was identical to those from Netherlands and South Korea and the second one was a new haplotype, different from those isolated in Slovenia and Thailand. Two local haplotypes of V. apis were found in the local apiary of Republic of Tatarstan: first one was identical to those isolated in Slovenia, Spain and Turkey and the second one was a new haplotype, similar to above mentioned ones.
Revealing the expression characteristics and potential regulatory mechanisms of hub oxidative stress related genes of spinal cord injury
Authors: Li Jianfeng , Tong Kuileung , Zhou Jiaxiang , Li Shiming , He Zhongyuan , Wang Fuan , Chen Hongkun , Li Haizhen , Cheng Gang , Li Junhong , Zhou Zhiyu , Gao Manman
Published: October 2023

Spinal cord injury (SCI) induces oxidative stress reactions, exacerbating secondary damage. Moderating oxidative stress after SCI holds paramount significance for alleviating secondary injury. At the same time, comprehensive investigations into the pathogenesis of oxidative stress in SCI remain limited. In this study, we analyzed public datasets to identify differentially expressed oxidative stress-related genes (DEOSRGs) at various post-injury time points, identifying 25 hub oxidative stress-related genes (OSRGs). We also conducted tests and validations to ascertain the temporal expression patterns of some hub genes at both the tissue and single-cell levels. Subsequently, we unveiled the association between these hub genes and immune cell infiltration. Functional and pathway enrichment analyses were conducted on DEOSRGs at distinct time points, revealing alterations in enriched functions and signaling pathways. Additionally, we summarized potential communication signaling characteristics related to oxidative stress among different cells at various time points at the single-cell level, along with associated ligand-receptor pairs. As a subsequent step, we constructed mRNA-miRNA/mRNA-miRNA-lncRNA regulatory networks related to oxidative stress in SCI and analyzed transcription factors associated with hub OSRGs. Finally, leveraging the DSigDB database, we predicted compounds capable of inhibiting eight hub genes, offering potential drugs or molecules for targeted interventions in oxidative stress following SCI. Consequently, this study holds significance for gaining deeper insights into oxidative stress mechanisms after SCI and timely targeted interventions in oxidative stress following SCI.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Primary Healthcare Practitioners in Low- and Middle- Income Countries: A Scoping Review on Genetics
Authors: Walters Sarah , Aldous Colleen , Malherbe Helen
Published: October 2023

Background:
The growing application of genetics in individualized treatments calls for an increased role of primary healthcare practitioners (pHCPs) in diagnosing and caring for individuals with genetic conditions. PHCPs' genetics knowledge and practices must be current to ensure adequate care.
Method:
A scoping review was conducted to explore peer-reviewed articles on the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of pHCPs concerning genetics, genetic testing, and genetic services. English-language articles published between January 1990 and April 2022 in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) with an emphasis on human genetics/genomics were included.
Results:
Twenty-eight articles from 16 LMICs in five World Health Organization-defined regions met the inclusion criteria. Over the 32 years, the number of articles from LMICs increased steadily. The Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) contributed the most articles (n=8), while the Western Pacific Region (WPR) had the least (n=2). Among the countries, Brazil published the most articles (n=6), while ten countries contributed one article each. Fifteen articles had components of knowledge, 19 on attitudes towards genetics, and eight included genetic practices.
The results revealed a lack of knowledge among pHCPs concerning genetic diseases, emerging technologies, referral processes to genetic specialists, and clinical guidelines for managing genetic conditions. However, pHCPs attitudes towards genetic services and new technologies were generally positive. Identified barriers to genetic services included inadequate capacity, financial limitations, and religious beliefs.
Conclusions:
Addressing identified knowledge gaps through education is crucial for appropriate care for patients and families affected by genetic conditions. The limited published literature in LMICs on pHCPs' genetics knowledge, attitudes, and practices highlights the need for more targeted research on educational interventions. Improving pHCPs' ability to care for individuals and families with genetic conditions will ultimately lead to better patient outcomes and support for affected families.
Association between the Dietary Inflammatory Index and Hypertension in Middle-Aged and Elderly population in China: Results from a nation-wide cross sectional study
Authors: Dong Weihua , Qing-qing Man , Jian Zhang , Zhen Liu , Wei-yi Gong , Li-yun Zhao , Peng-kun SONG , Gang-qiang Ding
Published: October 2023

Background:
Evidence on the Association between Dietary Inflammatory Index and Risk of Hypertension among Chinese Population aged 45 and above
Objective：
To investigate the association between DII and hypertension in Chinese adults aged 45 years and above.
Methods：
Data was from the China Adults Chronic Diseases and Nutrition Surveillance (2015) for participants who were 45 years of age or above. The DII for each participant was determined through a combination of 3 day 24-hour dietary recall interviews and a food frequency questionnaire. Spatial analysis was employed to investigate the geographic distribution of DII in China. Furthermore, restricted cubic spline models and binary logistic regression analysis were used to assess the relationship between DII and hypertension.
Results：
A total of 39,282 middle-aged and elderly participants were included in the study, among whom 6,133 had hypertension. The DII scores of participants with hypertension were higher compared to those without hypertension (1.507 vs. 1.447, P = 0.003). There was a significant increasing trend in the proportion of hypertensive individuals as DII scores increase (P for trend = 0.004). Spatial analysis revealed a clear spatial correlation in the national distribution of DII scores (Moran I: 0.252, P = 0.001), with higher DII scores concentrated in the northwest region and lower DII scores concentrated in the southeast region. Restricted cubic spline models and binary logistic regression analysis demonstrated a positive association between DII and hypertension after adjusting for potential confounding factors.
Conclusions：
Dietary inflammatory index was positively associated with hypertension in Chinese adults aged 45 years and above, and dietary intervention might be a promising method in the prevention of hypertension.
Observation and Study on Material and Energy Exchange of Paddy at Different Growth Stages in the Liaohe Delta, Northeast China
Authors: Chao Yuan , Dongnan Li , Pengfei Sun , Qingyu Jia , Jing Miao , Qiong Wu , Kader MAVLAN
Published: October 2023

This study utilized observational data from the Panjin Wetland Ecosystem Field Observation Station during January to December 2019 to analyze water, heat, and carbon flux characteristics, as well as radiation balance, at different growth stages of paddy (transplanting, jointing, heading, and maturation) in Panjin. The results show that: (1) The jointing stage exhibited the highest average temperature, while the heading stage experienced the heaviest precipitation, approximately 3.3 times that of other periods. (2) Sensible heat flux followed the order of jointing stage > maturation stage > heading stage > transplanting stage, with negative values at night and positive values during the day. Latent heat flux followed the order of transplanting stage > heading stage > jointing stage > maturation stage, with positive latent heat flux throughout the day. Net ecosystem exchange (NEE) followed the order of transplanting stage > maturation stage > jointing stage > heading stage, with the transplanting stage acting as a carbon source and the heading stage exhibiting the strongest carbon fixation capacity. (3) Solar shortwave radiation dominated during different growth stages of paddy, with net radiation following the order of jointing stage > transplanting stage > heading stage > maturation stage. (4) Latent heat was the dominant energy exchange during different growth stages of paddy. The energy closure ratio was highest in the maturation stage, followed by the jointing stage, transplanting stage, and heading stage. The energy closure ratio in the maturation stage reached 69.63%, indicating good energy closure, while it was only 38.88% in the heading stage, indicating poor energy closure. (5) Sensible and latent heat fluxes generally exhibited positive correlations with environmental factors during different growth stages, while NEE showed a negative correlation. Photosynthetically active radiation and net radiation are identified as key factors influencing sensible heat flux, latent heat flux, and NEE. Evaporation has a significant impact on the latent heat flux. Additionally, air temperature, soil temperature, and vapor pressure deficit also play significant roles.
Identification of candidate chemosensory genes in Bactrocera cucurbitae based on antennal transcriptome analysis
Authors: wang jingjing , ma chao , Yue Yang , yang jingfang , chen lixiang , wang yiting , zhao chenchen , gao xuyuan , chen hongsong , ma weihua , zhou zhongshi
Published: October 2023

The melon fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett), is an invasive pest that poses a significant threat to agriculture in Africa and other regions. Flies are known to use their olfactory systems to recognise environmental chemical cues, however, the molecular components of the B. cucurbitae's chemosensory system are currently poorly characterised. To address this knowledge gap, we have used next-generation sequencing to analyse the antenna transcriptomes of sexually immature B. cucurbitae adults. The results identified 160 potential chemosensory genes, including 35 odourant-binding proteins (OBPs), 1 chemosensory protein (CSP), 3 sensory neuron membrane proteins (SNMPs), 70 odourant receptors (ORs), 30 ionotropic receptors (IRs), and 21 gustatory receptors (GRs). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to validate the results by assessing the expression profiles of 25 ORs and 15 OBPs. Notably, high expression levels for BcucOBP5/9/10/18/21/23/26 were observed in both the female and male antennae. Furthermore, BcucOROrco/6/7/9/13/15/25/27/28/42/62 exhibited biased expression in the male antennae, whereas BcucOR55 showed biased expression in the female antennae. This comprehensive investigation provides valuable insights into insect olfaction at the molecular level and will thus help to facilitate the development of enhanced pest management strategies in the future.