bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phraseologisms in the Political Language: An Example of Political Speeches in the German-Albanian Language Pair
Authors: Kristo Ema
Published: July 2017

The need for politics to use conflicts of interest with journalistic means in the public media often leads to the use of fixed expressions, idioms and phrases. These are used by the different social groups and parties in the public discussion, in the current dispute of opinions, and especially in the struggle for political power with different contents, interests and intentions. Starting from the fact that the political language is increasingly determined by formulaic phrases, this article presents an exemplary study of political speeches in the newspapers to explain the frequency and nature of the use of phraseologisms. Exemplary texts are the newspaper texts of the 1990s. At the center of the linguistic investigation are the changes of phrases in the text - modifications as well as obvious "violations" against the phraseological norm. Through an extensive corpus with examples from the Albanian and German daily press, the question of the role of the media in the political transformation processes is problematized and examined to what extent a crystallization of political processes takes place in phraseologisms, especially as such fixed expressions focus the specific discourses of a time.
Influence of Turkish Foreign Policy in Albania
Authors: Lami Blendi
Published: July 2017

This paper inquires into the overall picture of the Turkish foreign policy toward Western Balkans, and especially Albania, on the geopolitical plan. It explores the new Turkish policy principles, Davotuglu’s strategic vision, and the extent to which the geopolitics of both Turkey and Albania inform Turkish foreign policy. This paper also delineates the perceptions of Albania towards Turkey’s foreign policy and contradictions of the same policy. According to Davutoglu, the architect of Turkish foreign policy, Turkey is a Middle Eastern, Balkan, Caucasian, Central Asian, Caspian, Mediterranean, Gulf and Black Sea country, can simultaneously exercise influence in all these regions and thus claim a global strategic role, rejecting the perception of Turkey as a bridge between Islam and the West, as this would relegate Turkey to an instrument for the promotion of the strategic interests of other countries. To achieve this, Turkey should capitalise on its soft power potential. Davutoglu argues that Turkey possesses “strategic depth” due to its history and geographic position and lists Turkey among a small group of countries which he calls “central powers”. Taking such a role Turkey has also great interest in Albania as it is considered the best state to promote Turkish interests within the Western Balkan region. However, there are several obstacles limiting Turkey’s full penetration into the Western Balkans.
Business Climate Versus the Attraction of Direct Foreign Investments in Albania
Authors: Shoraj Dritan , Dervishi Perparim
Published: July 2017

There are statistics that foreign direct investments (FDI) in Albania have significantly declined. Business climate and skill of policies to attract FDI in Albania has apparently not impacted the promotion of investments from foreign businesses. This study assesses the business environment disadvantages and the readiness and availability of foreign investors to take risks with their investments in a foreign market facing the business climate of the host country, as well as the skill or failure of the latter for long term cooperation. Some basic components of the business climate in Albania, impact and their attractiveness to foreign investors will be analyzed and assessed. The research methodology selected for this study is the quantitative one, where a number of about 100 CEO and administrators of medium and big foreign companies in Albania have been planned to be interviewed. The measuring instrument will be standardized and after data collection, a series of analyses will be built such as correlation, means, standard deviations, frequencies, Chi-square (χ2) where the value p00.5. Analysis of variables will be realized through SPSS program. The study will be closed with relevant conclusions and recommendations.
How the Al-Quds Bard MAT Program Changed Mathematics' Teachers in Their Classrooms
Authors: Jaber Nadia , Albert Jeanne
Published: July 2017

In this paper, we are going to analyse the situation in math classes in Nablus Directorate depending on reports written by their supervisor. Also we are looking at AQB courses in MAT (Master of Arts in Teaching) program for math teachers and supervisors, discussing the syllabus of these courses, in particular relating to a math supervisor. We will show how the courses met the needs of this supervisor in her work with teachers. We will concentrate on the effectiveness of using Action Research as an important strategy for MAT program in developing this supervisor’s educational skills. In the third part we are going show how the assignments and the emphasis in the use of qualitative research, greatly affected the supervisor. We will also compare between teachers' work in their math classrooms before and after being in workshops organized by this supervisor who is now a graduate of the MAT program. Finally, the data was collected and analysed to describe how participation in the Al-Quds Bard MAT program changed this mathematics supervisor’s workshops and how it greatly affected teachers' work in their classrooms.
The European Territorial Cooperation as the Tool for Europe's Integration: Example of Latvia - Belarus Cross - Border Cooperation
Authors: Balodis Janis
Published: July 2017

The European Territorial cooperation is important part of the EU regional policy. It examines the relationships between countries and territories. Cross border cooperation is an institutional and a political oriented cooperation between two or more administrative and sovereign units. In this paper cross border cooperation was analysed as an institutional process of interstate cooperation and cross border cooperation between administrative units in Belarus – Latvia’s borderland. European integration and cross border cooperation are linked by 1) integrated economic space across the member states by Henk van Houtum, 2) the intersection between the history of European integration and the more general research field of border studies by Birte Wassenberg and 3) more gradual process and impact on border locations after the Second World war by Steven Brakman, Harry Garretsen, Charles van Marrewijk and Abdella Oumer. The theoretical approach of cross border cooperation includes - 1) the relation between core and periphery, 2) the division of exogenous and endogenous factors and 3) types of borderlands (alienated borderlands, co – existent borderlands, interdependent borderlands and integrated borderlands). Further theorethical concepts are drivers of cross-border co – operation (economic, political leadership, identity/cultural and geographical drivers). The research question is - ‘’How cross – border cooperation can influence the integration and cooperation between Latvia and Belarus? How far cooperation with an EU neighbour takes on hegemonic traits or not? Which are the cross border cooperation forms between Belarus and Latvia which ‘’makes’’ the integration between Belarus and Latvia’’.
The Constitutional Legal Basis of Local Government in the Southeastern Countries of Europe
Authors: Kryeziu Prof. Ass. Dr Kadri
Published: July 2017

In the most general sense, the mission of the local administration or local government is to "ensure governance at the level closest to citizens". Knowing that local government has an important role in the functioning of the state and of law, the local governance in the political system in most countries is primarily seen in its relations with the central government.If the historic point of view is taken into account, the development of local government in Kosovo has a tradition of two centuries. If the Constitution of the Ottoman Empire of 1876 is reviewed, it shows the pyramid of organization of local government in Kosovo, which was in fact inspired from the local government in the West. Speaking about local governance means slotting or reviewing a range of significant phenomena directly related to the destiny of the state. The local government, according to the Constitution of the Republic of Kosovo, represents the public power. It sanctions municipalities as basic administrative and political units.
Competition and Cooperation in International Relations: the Shifting Politics of History Education and Identity Making
Authors: Klerides Eleftherios
Published: July 2017

The 2006 Stocktaking Report of UNESCO on school history in Southeast Europe stresses that “History teaching plays an important role in the development of identity. In Southeast Europe, as elsewhere, history education has commonly been used as a tool for promoting nationalistic ideologies. However, it has also gained recognition as having a key role in the process of reconciliation, democratization and long-term stability” (p. 7). The current paper argues that this statement captures a certain truth about the relationship between history teaching and the making of identity: the shift from ‘traditional history’ and the making of homo nationalis to ‘new history’ and the making of homo interculturalis. But it does not capture other important truths about the historical and political embeddedness of this relationship and its shifting contexts. It specifically obscures changes in international relations that made this shift possible, by creating new spaces, technologies and networks of knowledge building. Perhaps more importantly, this statement suppresses contestation and a rivalry in imagining the form of this relationship. That is, as the new globalising imaginary of ‘new history’ and homo interculturalis interacts and endeavours to recast the entrenched institutions, policies and sites of the globalised imaginary of ‘traditional history’ and homo nationalis, it is met with opposition, triggering hegemonic struggles often with unpredictable ends.
Analysis Effect of Service Quality, Educational Facilities, and Method of Learning, Student Satisfaction and Loyalty to Students - Studies in the University of Widyatama Bandung
Authors: Dora Yenny Maya
Published: July 2017

This study aimed to analyze the effect of service quality, education facilities, and teaching methods in conjunction with student satisfaction and loyalty Widyatama University students. The research was conducted by survey method, the data obtained by distributing questionnaires to students. The study population was a student Of the Faculty of Business and Management, University of Widyatama. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with AMOS. From these results it can be concluded that the loyalty of the students affected by the quality of the service through student satisfaction. Loyalty affected by the Educational Facilities through student satisfaction. And loyalty is also influenced by learning through student satisfaction.
Re-Thinking the Very Concept of Peace
Authors: Haxhiymeri Arben
Published: July 2017

The appreciation of Peace, the promotion of its values, and the efforts for its attainment as the only way to cope with horrifyingly destructive dimensions of the war we are facing with on a daily basis since so many long years all across the world urges nowadays to the extreme. This necessity appears to such an extent, and with such intensity, as to having been transformed more than ever in one of the most dominant catchphrases of political, social, intellectual and practical discourses of our violent times, a ubiquitous topic within universities, governments, civil societies and other non-governmental organizations and institutions. There are large pacifist movements which are facing off ever more actively against the war. There is also an ever more active engagement of many intellectuals and artists poised to face off against the hawkish and bellicose aesthetics we were facing with up to last two or three decades in most Western countries by a constructive bolstering and promotion of a peaceable and pacifistic aesthetics. By the 1970s the new discipline of peace studies, embracing the history and philosophy of peace, was well establish. Since 1980 there is even a university dedicated to Peace studies, the United Nations mandated “University for Peace”, with its main campus in Costa Rica, which is launching its programs and establishing its centers around the world. About 30 years ago will faced and will be very active well known the CPP, Concerned Philosophers for Peace is the largest, most active organization of professional philosophers in North American involved in the analysis of the causes of violence and prospects for peace. And, many philosophers and thinkers are engaged in the international peace dialog and a large number of separated initiatives that have involving a significant number and pages of essays and conferences on philosophy of war and on the Philosophy of Peace, too.
Service innovation in case of electromobility
Authors: Özdemir Feriha
Published: July 2017

Studies show that electromobility will emerge in urban areas. As urban mobility solutions are changing, electromobility is intended with a big potential of sustainable innovation. Nevertheless, changing the mobility culture depends on certain requirements. According to Urri, the automobile development lies in breaking the dominant role of cars which results in a development deadlock. In order to change the mobility culture, the mental approach to mobility options and the infrastructural conditions need to be considered as two central factors. Future mobility isn´t about less mobility, but rather a different way of being mobile and using different types of mobility solutions. This paper presents a research project that is based on the systemic-relational approach. It seeks to develop and introduce the conditions of electromobility in an urban area without a well-frequented local public transport by a networked innovation cooperation in four development areas. The central goal of this work is the integrated development of service innovation of technical and non-technical manner based on the network of project partners, the city council and the university. A change towards electromobility means changing infrastructure, market actors and business models. It signifies a change of social-cultural systems regarding mobility habits, practices and values. One of our main results show that the emotional perception by using experiences of electromobility has a positive effect on its social acceptability which raises the “flow factor” of electromobility.
Effect of Using Twitter in Teaching Parasitology in King Abduaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al-Zanbagi Najia A.
Published: July 2017

The evolution of Social Web, particularly Social Media makes users interaction with Internet massive ideal proceeding. Web technologies have completely improved the Internet dynamics and allowing users to originate texts, images or video as well as to share and participate through huge geographical limits. This research trial explores the Saudi girls Parasitology student’ behavior, understanding and effectiveness toward using Twitter in supporting learning and teaching aims. A main target was to raise discussion among students and promote learning via supporting student time on goal. Our innovative attempt followed guidelines lay in the Learning and Teaching such as Communicative Action Theory to increase the student education experience through strong connections and enlarge content sharing between girl students, for the sake of building social collaborative learning community. By using this method, we found different girl student comprehension of using Twitter, some have very positive views to be as a tool for supporting lectures while some views consider twitter have small interest to the students own learning.Keywords: Twitter, Parasitology, Saudi Arabia, Social Media, Communicative Action theory,
Evaluation of the Role of the Peers in the Communication with Pupils Who Represent Aggressive Behaviour in the Classroom Environment
Authors: Bej Marta
Published: July 2017

Aim: The aim of this article is to evaluate the role of peers/ school friends during the adaption phase in the school environment of children aggressive behaviour, aged 11-14 with. The article aims at identifying how the other children perceive the aggressive behaviour and how they react towards this behaviour. Methods: This is a qualitative research. The methods used are: analysing the secondary data and also information gathered by semi-structured interviews with pupils. The Interviews are part of the general research made for the PHD-theses. This study includes a sample of 20 pupils who are part of the same classrooms identified with high level of aggressive behaviour. The questions of the semi-structured interviews tend to explore how the aggressive behaviour of some children in the class affects the emotional comfort of other children.The analysis of secondary data is based on the existing literature of national and international studies and policies related to the field of aggressivity and in the high schools. Results: in general, the situation of conflicts with the expressed disruptive behaviour is seen in an resilient point of view from the peer group. They reflect conformism in some situations where they are passive part of a conflict. Most of the pupils interviewed emphasize how essential is the intervention of the teachers or an adult in cases when the conflict involves them directly. Some cases were successful just because the classmates created a comfortable environment for the aggressive children inside the classroom. The intervention of a teacher was important to resolve difficult situations in the classroom environment.Conclusions: If we contribute to have a positive environment in the classroom with the support of the teachers than we can have better quality of the emotional wellbeing of all children in the classroom.
Migration as a Factor of Cultural and Sub-cultural Diversity- Case of Korca City
Authors: Titili Denisa
Published: July 2017

: Sociological studies pay special attention to the mechanisms of cultural change and development, as well as the main factors that determine such dynamics. Zyhdi Dervishi (2011) considers cultural diffusion as one of the most influential factors of cultural development. Referring to the sociological literature consulted for this study, it is founded that Albanian culture is described as a mosaic of diverse subcultures, which differ greatly from one another. This sub-cultural diversity is evidenced in all components of cultural system; the docks, customs, manner of speaking, clothing, lifestyle, religious and pagan rituals and ceremonials, art, music, poetry, norms, values, symbols, elements of material culture etc. There are a number of factors that have contributed significantly in shaping the features of Albanian culture and its sub-cultural diversity. One of these factors is migration. It is noticed that migratory movements affect social and cultural development; major changes occur in family relationships, lifestyle, tendency for new cultural values acquisition, etc. This is more evident in rural- urban migration, as well as in international migration phenomenon. New economic resources, new working devices, system of social relationship in host society comprise an important source in transforming people's lives. Over the past twenty years Albanian society has experienced a number of economic, social and cultural changes, caused especially by increasing flows of internal and international migrants. Significant cultural changes are evidenced in social and cultural environment of Korça city, which is characterized by the phenomenon of massive displacement of population from rural areas to the city, as well as migration phenomenon in Greece. Taking into consideration the complexity of migration phenomenon and the consequences it brings in cultural plan, we intend to highlight and examine elements of sub-cultural diversity in Korça city, caused by internal and international migration. This paper draws on a research in Korça city, located in southeast of Albania, 35 km to the Greek border, which reflects a cultural environment where are intertwined trends of the cultural change, caused by migration from rural areas within the city and emigration process to neighboring Greece. In- depth interviews and observation will be used for data collection. Combined analysis of qualitative and quantitative methods will be used for data processing. This enables making comparisons and identifying problems. This paper aims to identify and analyze the impact of migration in sub-cultural diversity and aspects of the coexistence between rural subculture, urban subculture and the one of people having migration experience to Greece.
Economic and Social Policies Impacting on the Social under-Development – Case Study: Mining Restructuring in Valea Jiului
Authors: Preotesi Mihnea
Published: July 2017

The paper I suggest is based on the preliminary results of the research project Deindustrialization and under-development in the Romanian Transition. Individual/Collective Strategies/ Reply Policies. Case study: Valea Jiului, that will be done within the project ID- 141086 „Pluri- şi interdisciplinaritate în programe doctorale şi postdoctoraleIe" This project is constructed from the perspective of the social development paradigm. The modernization theories suggest the paradigm of development as modernization from an evolutionist perspective. While the communist project of social development chose explicitly industrialization as a corollary of modernization, such process of (post) modernization initiated in the moment of the communism' collapse. On economic level the transition meant also a continue and emphasized process of de-industrialization illustrated by the constant decrease of the number of industrial employees from maximum 4 millions in 1990 to 1,2 millions of employees in 2011 (data sourse: Zamfir s.s., coord. 2011). In the same time a transfer of the agriculture employees to the subsistence agriculture was registered (now the employees represent only ,2% of the total persons working in agriculture – MADR, 2013). The high reduction of the percentage of employed population represents a factor generating under-development and has a negative impact on the balance of the social insurance systems (pensions, unemployment, health). This paper intends to describe and analyze a special case of the communist under-development from the perspective of causes, factors and mechanisms of this process located in the region Valea Jiului. The selection of the mining restructuring in Valea Jiului is based on the fact that this represents an example of failure of the social policies aiming to reduce the effects of the transition (effects increased in the respective case exactly by the manner of implementation of certain economic policy measures).
Economic Growth and Unemployment Rate. Case of Albania
Authors: Nikolli Emirgena
Published: July 2017

This thesis studies the relationship between the economic growth and the unemployment rate in Albania. This relation is known as Okun's law, which states that 1 percent decrease in unemployment; GDP will increase by 3 percent. Albania is one of the countries that have a sluggish development and impact of unemployment is negative in the economy of the country. At the same time the economy itself effect the employment of the people. The unemployment occurs when people are without work or seeking work. During recession there is a high unemployment rate. Even some peaks of the development like in the Total Factor Productivity, integration or infrastructure there have been recession and a bad time for the Albania too. This affected the investments, the business and by lowering their profits they are obligated to lay off employees. So the unemployment rate starts to rise up. This study takes in consideration the years from 2000 to 2013 when the unemployment was rising day by day with negative impact in the economy. This thesis introduces the general relationship between gross domestic product and unemployment. The methodology used a simple regression and takes the economic growth as dependent variable and the unemployment rate as independent. The observed result didn't explain the Okun's law for Albania. The main reason is the current crises that prevent the improvement of economic conditions.
The Sustainability of Social Enterprises
Authors: Neguț Adriana
Published: July 2017

During recent years we have witnessed a growing interest in Romania for social economy, as a result of the increasing interest of EU towards the field and the financing lines as SOP HRD 2007-2013, and as well for developing a legal framework on social economy. In Romania, many of the social economy organizations are dependent on these sources of funding, which is a major obstacle to long term sustainability of the sector. In this context, the paper aims to analyse the strategies of social enterprises established under the Priority Axis 6 of SOP HRD to ensure sustainability, on the assumption that once the funding ends they face significant risks and adopt different strategies in order to develop. The sustainability of social enterprises will be explored from three perspectives: (1) financial, seeking to identify the strategies of social enterprises to attract new funding, (2) in terms of consistency of the social enterprise with its initial objectives and principles and (3) from the point of view of the social enterprises' impact on vulnerable groups and the community. The analysis will be based on data from sociological researches on social economy entities in Romania, carried out between 2009 and 2014.
Aspects of the Feminist Movement in the Albanian Monarchy (1928-1939)
Authors: Luku Esilda
Published: July 2017

This paper aims to analyze the characteristics of the Albanian feminist movement during the Monarchy and its impact on improving the social and economic status of the women. in the late 1920s, women's societies operating in different cities were suspended by the Albanian government due to the economic crises, the social and cultural backwardness and mainly because of the efforts to centralize the political power, putting under control the women's organizations, too. The monarchical government supported only the establishment of "Albanian Women" society in Tirana, under the patronage of Queen Mother and headed by Princess Sanie Zogu. It spread its activity among many Albanian cities and in diaspora and published a magazine periodically. The intention of the feminist movement in Albania was the education of girls and women, aimed at raising their cultural level, to overcome the old patriarchal mentality. The "Albanian Women" society contributed to the organization of courses against illiteracy for the emancipation of women which was closely related to the construction of a modern state. Secondly, the women's participation in the economic activity, such as old industries and handicrafts, would improve the female economic conditions and above all her position in family and society. The activity of "Albanian Women" society was helped by the governmental policies to increase the educational level of women, establishing Female Institutes, which played an important role in social progress and economic growth. Also the improvement of the legislation guaranteed women the civil rights, but unfortunately they didn't win the right to vote, as women in the developed countries. However, the Albanian feminist movement, despite the difficulties and its limitations, marked a significant effort concerning the national organization of women dedicated to their empowerment in community.
Sense of Place and Place Identity
Authors: Qazimi Shukran
Published: July 2017

The paper describes the relationship between identity and the physical environment: social identity theory, place- identity theory and identity process theory. The place identity is focused on the relationship between people and the environmental psychology. Then, the paper tends to explain that social identity theory and identity process theory can also be used explaining the relationship between place and identity. Questions to visualize about: How well do identity process theory and social identity theory describe the influences place has on identity? What is the meaning of place in environmental psychology? Does it have any effect on identity and politics of identity? It also argues that place is not a category of identity. Places have symbols of many different social categories and concepts, places speak and preserve identity on various dimensions and levels.
The Application of English Syllabuses by Teachers of Elementary Education in the Teaching- Learning Process, in Korça Region
Authors: Xega Edlira
Published: July 2017

Growing needs for appropriate English learning in Albanian context, the importance of English syllabuses, objectives reflected in the English textbooks, the conformity of syllabuses and the assessment teachers make, conform Common European Framework of References for languages in Elementary education , in urban and rural area, public and non public schools in elementary schools of Korca region, are some elements that lead toward the question: To what extent do Albanian teachers apply the syllabuses in the Albanian context, and how the syllabuses are a point of reference for them and for Albanian learners, for a better language acquisition? The purpose of this research is to conduct an empirical study on the way how Albanian Elementary school teachers aimed at developing their opinions and their practice in the teaching- learning process. A questionnaire survey was adopted as the methodological approach employed in this research. In total, 60 teachers from different public and nonpublic elementary schools, belonging to urban and rural areas in Korca region, participated in this research. It also explored how Albanian teachers of different Elementary schools in Korca region implement the syllabus in their actual classroom language teaching practices and what effect syllabus has on learning outcomes. The questionnaire was conducted in the continuation of a learners' survey, in order to see and observe the teachers' opinions on the English syllabus, the way of organizing classes, how the syllabus is followed, how they adjust it to the textbooks they use, how satisfied they are with them, how they apply them in the educational process. The expected contribution of this research is to observe how the English syllabuses are implemented from the Albanian teachers in elementary education and if they are conform Common European Framework of References for languages (CEFR). The findings of this study provided valuable implications in developing teachers' new ideas for the actual situation of the teaching and learning process.
Global Effects and Conditions of Governance in an Independent Kosovo
Authors: Shala Adem
Published: July 2017

Global processes between 1990 and 2013 have initiated essential changes in the institutions, legal structure, economy, information, values, attitudes, decisions, and action. Additionally, global effects, depending on regions and countries, have taken specific characteristics. Specific effects were noticed in the transition countries. The crisis and reforms in these countries and societies were a result of local efforts to change the conditions in all levels. In order to achieve these goals, transition countries, needed support from developed countries and global organizations. Even though, global processes were advanced, global organization and international law were unreformed and inefficient. The activity and the determination of the Kosovo society to overcome the situation compelled the International Community towards establishing attitudes, making decisions and acting, among others, in the case of Kosovo. Kosovo, as a country that belongs to all communities and citizens, is a specific case. The governing processes and institutions are directly influenced by the International Community and global effects. This Kosovo specific governing process is a compound of two processes, specific Kosovo circumstances and global effects in the region. A special approach should be applied when global effects are evaluated and analyzed in the case of Kosovo, of special interest the practical and theoretical activity, for understanding problems, circumstances, and causes as well as the way towards surpassing obstacles and the advancement of positive processes in governing, institutions and development. Effective governance in Kosovo should aim to create the enabling environment prerequisites for the development and integration process. This is the key role, function and essential obligation of this process. Gonverning institutions in Kosovo should be an interacting and guarantee factor in regards to the development and integration processes. This role and function, in line with a democratic orientation, of the Kosova leadrship is beeing demanded by the society and the Internatnional community.
Impact of Municipalities on Branding Process of Cities: Example of Kirşehir Municipality
Authors: Kocaoğlu Mustafa
Published: July 2017

In current times dominated by globalization, competition focused on enterprises and based on products became less sufficient and cities have become a part of the said competition perception. The focal point in competition of cities springs to life in brand and/or branding concepts. It is certain that there are many positive aspects of city branding, which can be assessed as gaining value based on the unique properties of each city, and a city should participate the process with all its stakeholders. At this point the prominent element of the process and the leading institution that will ensure success is the municipality. Municipalities gain importance as an administrative unit with principal responsibility in development and obligation of multi dimensional duty and service. A good branding process should be supported by internal and external sources. The history of the city and geographical, cultural and economic properties of the city are external factors supporting the branding process. in marketing external factors, i.e.: revealing physical properties and thus promoting their use and making the city a centre of attraction, municipality administrators and employees have vital duties and responsibilities. The extent of support the municipality administrators lend to branding process, which yields results in the long term are vital to the process. This study will examine the importance K?r?ehir Municipality attaches to branding process, the sources it uses to support the process, the properties of the city it uses to turn the city into a centre of attraction, the bodies and institutions it cooperates at home and abroad, projects supporting the process, awareness raising projects among its employees and the approach of the administrators and the employees to the branding process. Within this scope it is planned to inspect the strategic plan, activity report, performance program and web page of K?r?ehir Municipality and issue reports based on the results accompanied with recommendations. Finally, it is our hope that this study focusing on K?r?ehir will contribute highly to literature.
Globalization and Health in Kosovo
Authors: Balidemaj Albina , Balidemaj Festina
Published: July 2017

Kosovo and the region have had a traditionally long history of problems with the health care system. The situation worsened since the ex-Yugoslav conflict in the nineties when Kosovo inherited a large, hierarchical, and centralized healthcare system from socialist Yugoslavia (UNDP, 2013). This paper focuses on the effects of globalization on health in Kosovo; more specifically the effect of Global Food Trade in Kosovo's health and the development of information technology and telemedicine in Kosovo. Further, this paper focuses on the opportunities for Kosovars to obtain healthcare outside of Kosovo as well as prospects for the medical personnel to practice their profession abroad.
Impact of Educational Leadership Styles on Job Teachers Stress
Authors: Hysa Ferit
Published: July 2017

During the school management, it is very important to have an effective school but more important is to use the right styles according to health safety and high outcomes. The leadership is a wide concept in general way and a specific one according to the education and school too. The tradition of school leadership is new in Albania. The education leadership in the new Albanian context request establishing of school leadership. The knowledge and application of contemporary education leadership it is obligatory for improvement and raising effectively to Albanian school. This study is focus in the influence of educational leadership styles in the job teachers stress and satisfaction. The research question is: what is the best and right education leadership style need to be applied in Albanian school. The research method is a quantities and qualitative way through the questionnaires, semi and structures interviews. The conclusion is that no all the educational leadership styles that are effective ones, are the right educational leadership styles. This conclusion brings the need to be selected the educational organizational theories for an effective school through the right educational leadership styles.
A Brief Historical, Political and Social Reconstruction of Albania in the Early Twentieth Century
Authors: Pacukaj Sokol
Published: July 2017

The purpose of this article is to bring to the attention of researchers the fundamental aspects of the history of the Albanian people after the First World War and especially the 20s. After the independence from the Ottoman Empire in 1913, Albania began the challenges of building a nation from all points of view, political, economic, social, cultural etc. This article describes and analyzes these issues from a brief historical reconstruction from the ancient Illyrians to King Ahmet Zog. The methodology used in this article is qualitative and analytical, with various researches in the Archives of the Italian Army and the Central State in Albania. As a result of this research emerges how fundamental was the role of Italy in those years both from the political and especially economic point of view. Italy had the primacy of the import-export business with the small Balkan state. This primacy Italy still holds today by being the first trade partner.
Lexical Configuration in Adhan: a Semantic Perspective
Authors: Shahiditabar Mostafa , Mozaheb Mohammad  Amin
Published: July 2017

Adhan is defined as the Islamic call for announcing the time of Salah (practice of formal worship in Islam) which is recited by muezzin at mosques. This study aims to explore adhan from a lexical configuration point of view which has been introduced by English linguist Cruse (1986). As an initial step, lexical configuration of Cruse (1986) is explained from lexical semantic point of view. Hierarchy, then is defined which is a set of elements related to one another in a characteristic way according to Cruse (1986). After elaborating on hierarchical chain of meaning in lexical semantics, the adhan text with transliteration and English meaning is provided. Analyzing adhan from the semantic view point of Cruse (1986) confirms that adhan is the symbol of Islamic belief and ideology. It is not a static chain of words but a dynamic melody that invites people to move to worship Allah. It also reports that worshipping Allah needs a movement toward Him and also moving toward Allah needs The Facilitator or the Leader who is aware of the howness of the moving that can show Allah's order and path to people. The Facilitator is Prophet Mohammad (P. B. U. H.) who shows the path of Salvation and Good Deeds. Based on Islamic philosophy, one can reach to Allah by means of Salah. Also, one will reach to Allah by doing what Allah says. This study also introduces a new hierarchy to broaden the lexical configuration proposed by Cruse (1986) as circular hierarchy.
Assessment of Role in Non-Governmental Organizations and Their Humanitarian Effort in Refugee Camps Worldwide
Authors: Balidemaj Festina , Balidemaj Albina
Published: July 2017

The relief and humanitarian effort of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in refugee camps worldwide requires prompt, coordinated, and effective interventions. As evident by the physicians and nurses make up of NGOs, a significant portion of such effort is focused on health care issues such as treating, managing, and preventing the spread of infectious diseases of refugees. In this literature-based project, the role of pharmacists in the relief efforts of NGOs is examined. Currently, pharmacists represent a small fraction (~9%) of the non-governmental organizations' task force, which undermines the invaluable potential of their contributions to the relief efforts. Student pharmacists should also be introduced to the role of non-governmental organizations' humanitarian efforts and the world of opportunities available in helping people under stress while being exposed to different cultures towards their own professional growth.
Theoretical considerations of post communist political elite; on focus Albania
Authors: Andoni Merlinda
Published: July 2017

This article provides literature and empirical studies review on post-communist political elite. The most debatable question is if old nomeklatura has reproduced itself and is transformed in new elite, or circulation of new blood occurs. Although post communist political elite typology is different among post communist countries, some common theoretical considerations for analyzing it are noticed. This article aims to point out that legacy of the past and accumulation of political capital coupled with the political economic marketization of post communist political elite and civil society and intelligentsia are beneficiary for a thorough understanding of the topic
The institutional role of the Albanian Financial Supervisor Authority
Authors: Gjeta Arber , Ballkoçi Valbona
Published: July 2017

This paper aims to examine, describe and rise critical issues on the role of the Albanian Financial Supervisor Authority within the Albanian financial system. The independence of this institution is examined under the provisions of the Law and secondary legislation as the main authority which guarantee the safeguard of the system and an effective control. The relationship of the Authority with the operators of insurance, financial market and pension funding schemes is driven by the fulfillment of its institutional role: the supervision of a new and unestablished market. The banking market, on the other side, moves from monopoly to competition and there are findings that suggest an oligopoly created in Albania. Thus, the important role of the Authority to foster competition is one of the most important, due to its obligations in the EU integration process. Its institutional role and its prerogatives are examined in order to determine if there is a complete and adequate regulation of the system.
Vygotsky Theory on Social Interaction and its Influence on the Development of Pre-School Children
Authors: Topçiu Marta , Myftiu Johana
Published: July 2017

The continuous process of human recognition has been explained by different schools of psychology. Among them, social constructivism emphasizes the importance of social environment, culture and social interaction with others, in this process. This study aims to highlight the role of using effective techniques and strategies that allow the possibility to study with the help and interaction with others in the pre-school age. The knowledge and application of the scaffolding technique within the Zone of Proximal Development helps accelerate the cognitive development of the child, making the learning process more dynamic and the child more active. The idea of dialog is very important and every child should feel as an integral part of social interaction. The efficient use of these techniques shows an optimization of the child’s achievement. The process of transforming spontaneous concepts into scientific ones, is facilitated and accelerated. It is important for the help to be offered in an individual way, when and where needed. Also, it is required that the educators and teachers be trained for the successful use of these psychological mechanisms.
Social Media as a New Form of Public Sphere
Authors: Çela Erlis
Published: July 2017

The public sphere is a concept widely studied from many different disciplines such as political sciences, sociology, dhe communication sciences. It is crucial for the well-functioning of democracy, to have a well-structured process which creates the public opinion as a synthesis of individual thoughts acting for the common interest. The concept public sphere in itself and its formation process has gone through a lot of changes since the time where the german scholar Jurgen Habermas brought for the first time its definition. The appearance of the new medias and the development in the communication technology have brought huge transformations even in the conceptual term of public sphere and public discourse. Web communication, especially the communication handled in the dixhital environment is a completely new reality which needs to be explored. Social Media like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Youtube etc, are a new communication field being used from the public factors to communicate with the audiences. The technical opportunities that these platforms offer make it possible for the transmitter and the receiver of the message to communicate in a higher level. In contrast, virtuality serves as an inducement mean for the users in the social network to be near the participators in the process of communication.
The Adaptation to the Community System: Problems in Fieri in Receiving the E.U. Directives and Regulations and Apparent Problems about Limitation of Sovereigny - the Albania’s Case
Authors: Boccia Antonio Vito Pasquale
Published: July 2017

All european countries that entered in European Union had problems about juridical relationships, and expecially in order to adaptation at european normative system. Albania formally obtained the status of candidate one year ago. For this reason in a few years the Country will be a real member of E.U. : so, it is compulsory to think about legal solutions to solve probable legal conflicts, and to harmonize the albanian legislation at european law’s system.
Instruments for Measuring the Influence of Visual Persuasion: Validity and Reliability Tests
Authors: Ibrahim Nurulhuda , Shiratuddin Mohd Fairuz , Wong Kok Wai
Published: July 2017

In User Experience (UX) research, the instruments are often measured by means of rating scales such as Likert scale and semantic differential scale. The validity of the findings and conclusions rely heavily on the instruments used in the questionnaires. This paper provides the assessment of the validity and reliability of a new set of measures to evaluate the influence of visual persuasion on web users. The instruments will be used to assess web users' perceptions of credibility, engagement, informativeness, satisfaction, social influences, usability, and visual aesthetic. Firstly, 85 items are pilot tested by expert and novice users in an offline and online settings. Secondly, the exploratory factor analysis is carried out in which 44 items representing 12 latent variables are reduced to 39 items with some of the latent variables are combined into one. The results show: Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) of 0.901, significant Bartlett’s test, communalities range between 0.470 - 0.829, nine factors (also known as the latent variables) emerged with eigenvalues greater than 1, explaining more than 60% of the total variance, factor loadings of 0.466 and above, factors correlations of less than 0.7, and Cronbach’s alphas are well above the limit of 0.70. Finally, a confirmatory factor analysis is carried out on the first-order and second-order latent variables using the PLS-SEM. The instruments exceed the minimum requirement of the assessments for the convergent validity, discriminant validity, reliability and collinearity. The findings suggest that the proposed 39 items are valid and reliable for measuring the persuasiveness of visual persuasion.