bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PUSH-PULL VOLTAGE BUFFER DEVICES ON BIPOLAR TRANSISTORS
Authors: AZAROV Olexiy , STAKHOV Оlexiy ,   Vinnytsia National Technical University
Published: February 2023

The article proposes linear push-pull buffer devices on bipolar transistors. A highly linear push-pull voltage buffer device with parametric zero shift compensation is considered. A variant of the construction of a highly linear push-pull voltage buffer device on bipolar transistors with a minimum value of the input current is proposed. The purpose of the work is to minimize the additive error of the buffer device by significantly reducing the input current. Analytical relations are given that allow estimating the additive error of the zero shift. The schematic diagram of a two-stroke buffer device with an internal zero-shift compensation generator is also considered. It is noted that the technological spread of transistor parameters will not allow to significantly reduce this error. To eliminate this shortcoming, the authors proposed a method based on the introduction of a two-stroke output power amplifier into the circuit. Such a voltage buffer consists of two parts: a buffer element and a power amplifier. It is noted that the load capacity of the buffer element is not high, so the use of a power amplifier allows you to significantly increase it, and, accordingly, to increase the current supplied by the output bus of the device to the load. It is shown that the proposed scheme of the buffer device has a low level of input current (at the level of no more than 20nA). It is also noted that the presence of a power amplifier allows maintaining the balance between the input and output potentials of the circuit and ensuring high linearity of the transfer characteristic, regardless of possible changes in the output current in the specified range. It is proposed to implement the input stage of the buffer element on compound Shikla transistors, which ensures a significant reduction of the zero shift to the level of 20 nA. The presence of a power amplifier guarantees high linearity of the transmission characteristic in the output current range of ± 5 mA.
THE METHOD OF INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF SYMMETRICAL BLOCK ENCRYPTION
Authors: PATLAN Dana , PALAHINA Elena , IVCHENKO Oleksandr , PALAHIN Volodymyr ,   Cherkassy State Technological University
Published: February 2023

Ensuring data safety and security are relevant in any sphere of human activity, which is directly related to the implementation of modern and advanced symmetric and asymmetric algorithms and methods of cryptographic protection of information. One of the well-known and safe encryption algorithms, known as AES (Advanced Encryption Standard), which is endowed with the properties of ease of practical implementation and high reliability, has found its wide application for block symmetric data encryption. A feature of symmetric encryption is the processing of large amounts of information, the use of the same key for encryption and decryption, high reliability of data protection. This paper proposes to improve this algorithm to provide faster data processing. All modifications of the AES transformations do not reduce the high cryptographic strength of the cipher, and their principles are described in detail in the paper. This practical implementation of the optimized algorithm shows the possibility of combining a number of mathematical operations that have a similar principle of processing elements, which allowed to reduce the processing time. In addition, in the improved implementation the MixColumns operation uses pre-calculated lookup tables of the required value, which also helps to increase the speed of transformations but at the cost of more memory for the code size. A comparative analysis of the practical implementation of the standard and optimized AES cryptoalgorithms has been carried out, and numerical indicators of the processing time of test data have been obtained, which are presented in the form of tables. Graphs of the dependence of the encryption and decryption procedure execution time on the file size for the standard and optimized AES algorithms have been constructed. The results show a significant percentage of optimization – up to 50% for encryption and up to 75% for decryption of data.
ANALYSIS OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORECASTING METHODS
Authors:   Stepan SKOPIVSKY, SKOPIVSKY Stepan
Published: February 2023

At the end of 2019, COVID showed the world its unpreparedness and inability to resist the modification of the influenza virus. The onset of a global pandemic, the spread of the disease, and the large number of deaths have led not only to the search for control of the virus, but also to the possibility of predicting its spread. While some scientists have developed a vaccine, others have studied the prospects of the virus, filling the planet and predicting the number of deaths under certain conditions. Using statistical data, the researchers developed maps of the spread of the virus, possible future targets, and even estimated possible deaths from various strains of COVID-19. The main task of data forecasting is to create some models from the provided data set in order to provide useful and correct forecasting of future or unknown values of another data set. For many years, standard statistical methods and mainly the intuition of the doctor, his knowledge and experience have been used to predict the risk of the disease, the occurrence of complications in the patient, the spread of the disease among other people. This approach to disease assessment often leads to unwanted biases, errors and large losses. In the modern field of medicine, such an assessment also has a negative impact on the quality of services provided to patients. With the availability of electronic health data, more reliable and advanced computational approaches have emerged, such as machine learning and big data analysis. The emergence of new methods in data mining has led to the study and application of forecasting methods in the field of disease. In the literature, most relevant studies have used one or more machine learning algorithms to predict a particular disease. For this reason, comparing the effectiveness of different controlled machine learning algorithms for disease prediction is the main focus of this study.
ANALYSIS OF THE STATE OF THE PROBLEM OF DECISION-MAKING IN THE SYSTEM OF TRANSPORT LOGISTICS IN THE DOMESTIC LITERATURE
Authors: CHYZHMOTRIA Oleksii , VAKALIUK Tetiana ,   Zhytomyr Polytechnic State University
Published: February 2023

The problem of decision-making in the transport logistics system is one of the first places. In particular, in transport logistics, there is a problem of drawing up an optimal route to reduce time, financial, and other transportation costs. In addition, given the current problems associated with the full-scale invasion of Ukraine by Russian troops, the issue of transport logistics is becoming increasingly important. As a result, interest in this problem is growing in the scientific community. The aim of the work is a detailed study of the state of the problem of decision-making in the system of transport logistics in the domestic literature. This paper analyzes the state of the problem of decision-making in the transport logistics system in the domestic literature. It is established that there is no single approach to this issue. Some researchers consider the use of integrated indicators in determining the optimal batches of supply of goods, others consider technological solutions that are monitored through the principles and provisions for the implementation of the concept of single information space in the transport and logistics market. In addition, researchers are considering the problem of using a decision support system to select the best of all possible options for the delivery of goods to a particular group of consumers in terms of management. Some scholars consider the problems of forming approaches to the intellectualization of transport logistics modeling, others study the methods and models of transport logistics, but only in retail outlets, and some of them consider the problem of developing a decision support system for managing transportation in uncertainty. Some authors offer their methodology to minimize the total transport costs, which is to estimate the rational number of intermediate centers, as well as finding their location, and the author’s methodology for solving problems of a particular type (transport) with vague parameters. Thus, the problem of decision-making in the transport logistics system is a very important issue and requires further research for specific tasks.
CALCULATION OF OFFCENTRALLY COMPRESSED ELEMENTS
Authors: Yaremenko Olena , Balduk Pavlo ,   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Published: February 2023

A large number of calculation formulas have been proposed to describe the deformation diagrams of masonry and concrete. The data indicate the possibility and expediency of using full masonry deformation diagrams to calculate the strength and deformations of stone and reinforced stone pillars. Experimental samples and stone pillars were tested. The samples were of five types and differed among themselves in the location of reinforcement and the reinforcement ratio, as well as in the method of loading – axial or off-center compression with different eccentricity. In the paper, experimental and calculated longitudinal deformations of masonry and reinforcement for samples of different groups. These data testify to the possibility and expediency of using full masonry deformation diagrams to calculate the strength and deformations of stone and reinforced stone pillars. As the amount of reinforcement in the stretched zone increases, most of the section works on the descending branch of the diagram. The size of the compressed zone increases, which is equivalent to a decrease in eccentricity. Reinforcement of the compressed zone with reinforcement increases the strength of sections with double reinforcement. The shapes of the stress profiles in the masonry practically do not depend on the presence of compressed reinforcement. The calculation establishes the expediency of the installation and the degree of saturation of the stretched and compressed cross-sectional areas with reinforcement. At small eccentricities, when the force is applied within the core of the section, saturation of the compressed zone with reinforcement leads to a noticeable increase in the strength of the section. At large eccentricities, saturation of the compressed zone with reinforcement is ineffective.
ANALYSIS OF THE PROSPECTIVE USE OF SAN MARKO INTERIOR DECORATIVE MATERIALS
Authors:   Khmelnytskyi National University, OLIJNYK Halina
Published: February 2023

SAN MARKO decorative materials appeared on the domestic market relatively recently. The Italian brand of decorative materials is represented by a variety of paint and varnish products for interior solutions. It is difficult for the modern consumer to understand the choice of SAN MARKO decorative materials, as there is not enough information regarding the specifics of the use of these products. SAN MARKO decorative materials offer unique innovative solutions with high-quality characteristics, focused on each individual client, following current market trends in the field of interior and design. With the help of SAN MARKO decorative materials, you can create interior styles, exquisite decors, thereby not neglecting any of the client’s wishes. The products of the Italian brand are not just the widest color palette, they represent unlimited possibilities for creative ideas. Decorative coatings and effects created by these materials fascinate with their originality and rich artistic content. The secret of the success of the SAN MARKO line of decorative materials lies in the fact that they offer not only unique, radically new solutions, but also maintain high quality characteristics, as well as the fact that each customer with completely different requests in terms of aesthetics and technology will find something for himself optimal material for creating an interior. The Italian art of interior design conquered the international market, became a model of sophistication and taste, which is perceived as a globally recognized example of style. SAN MARKO decorative materials carry an important mission – they pass on to today’s generation a rich heritage in which unsurpassed Italian craftsmanship techniques reproduce the age-old traditions of the southern people, updated with the help of modern materials and techniques. SAN MARKO decorative materials are presented in a wide range of species and a rich palette of colors. This is a great modern tool for those who value creativity, sophistication, and quality. Creating a unique decor using materials from an Italian manufacturer is not just work, but the creativity of designers, master interior decorators and other professionals working with paint and varnish materials.
IMPROVEMENT OF TECHNOLOGY OF SEMI-FINISHED PRODUCTS FOR PIZZA WITH HIGH CONTENT OF DIETARY FIBERS
Authors: ANTONENKO Аrtem , BROVENKO Tetiana ,   Kyiv National University of Culture and Arts, KRYVORUCHKO Myroslav ,   State University of Trade and Economics, STUKALSKA Nataliya ,   National University of Food Technology, TOLOK Galina ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, TONKYKH Oleksii ,   Kyiv National University of Culture and Arts
Published: February 2023

The article presents the technology of semi-finished products from yeast dough for pizza with high content of dietary fiber. The expediency of using biologically active raw materials in the developed technology is substantiated. It is established that the use of apple pomace powder in the composition of semi-finished products for pizza more than 15% by weight of flour is impractical, as it significantly reduces the sensory quality of products. The use of apple pomace powder allows to increase the content of dietary fiber in the composition of semi-finished products from yeast dough for pizza by 9.7% compared to the control, which allows to meet the daily requirement for them at 22.9%. The chemical composition of pizza semi-finished products using apple pomace powder in some respects improved compared to control: the content of B vitamins increased by 58.33%, the amount of vitamin PP increased by 63.64%, the amount of manganese increased by 26.32%. The chemical composition of pizza with tomatoes and cheese using apple pomace powder in some respects improved compared to control: the content of B1 vitamins increased by 160%, the amount of vitamin PP increased by 60%, the amount of manganese increased by 4.53%. Satisfaction of daily requirement in dietary fiber at consumption of 100 g of the developed pizza increases from 4.0 to 23,7%, in potassium – from 3,71 to 9,63%, vitamin B1 – from 2,94 to 7,65%, vitamin B2 – from 4.0 to 8.0% compared to control. A comprehensive indicator of the quality of semi-finished pizza products using apple pomace powder, which is 2.6 units, which is 22.9%, exceeds the control value (0.5 units). The social effect of the introduction of the developed semi-finished product from yeast dough for pizza with high dietary fiber content is to expand the range of meals for adults and children with high content of essential nutrients, improved consumer properties, which will help protect the health of the population. environment. Developed culinary products can be recommended for nutrition in the daily diets of people working in heavy industry, living in environmentally contaminated areas and all segments of the population.
GEOTEXTILE IN THE MODERN INTERIOR: FEATURES OF USE IN THE DESIGN OF A PHYTOMODULE FOR GREEN WALL
Authors:   Khmelnytskyi National University, OLIJNYK Halina
Published: February 2023

The paper presents the results of research related to the features of using a geotextile material – geotextile profile membrane Izolit Green in the design of a phytomodule for vertical greening of a modern interior. The phytomodule is a modern trend, a unique design; clean indoor air and easy maintenance; it’s coziness and comfort. Vertical landscaping with the help of a phytomodule will advantageously distinguish the room, create the appropriate mood and give it a special charm. Phytomodules for landscaping are a modern solution for decorating a living space. A picture, a wall or a movable structure – everyone can find their own option based on the stylistic preferences and features of the design of the apartment or house. Vertical gardening is a great alternative to nature, requires a minimum of space, and the wall will look different. Phytowall can be easily placed near the desk in the office or apartment. Vertical gardening is a piece of nature that we need, which gives us strength and inspiration. Vertical landscaping is, without exaggeration, one of the most popular and universal trends in interior design. A green wall will help save space for placing plants, create the effect of a natural environment, clean the air and increase humidity in the room. The phytosystem consists of a phytomodule in which live indoor plants are planted. The modular design allows you to assemble green walls of any size. Correctly selected geotextile material can increase the reliability of the phytomodule, increase the time between repair and maintenance work, and extend the life of the phytomodule. Geotextile materials used in the construction of the phytomodule must ensure high-quality drainage properties and rigidity of the structure itself. The varieties of phytomodules, their advantages and disadvantages, features of filling are considered. The structure of the phytomodule was studied, an important component of which is geotextile, which ensures the qualitative characteristics of the phytomodule, in particular, the effective removal of excess moisture and the strength of the structure. The technical characteristics of the geotextile profiled membrane Izolit Green, which can be used in the design of the phytomodule, are considered. The assortment of ideas for garden walls based on the phytomodule is considered.
ITERATIVE ALGORITHMS FOR SOLVING A PLANE PROBLEM FOR AN ENVIRONMENT WITH SIGNIFICANT MANIFESTATION OF INTERNAL FRICTION
Authors:   Khmelnytskyi National University, BAHRII Olena
Published: February 2023

The purpose of research is to develop an algorithm for solving of a flat nonlinear problem of mechanics of discrete environment, which laws of deformation of take into account the effect of the internal friction. Described the explanation of the iterative algorithm for the numerical solution of the plane physically nonlinear boundary value problems of mechanics of discrete environment. Feature of the problem is the consideration of the effect of internal Coulomb friction on the deformation of the environment. When solving the problem in displacements for finite simplex elements, the continuity conditions are always satisfied at the nodes and at the faces of the element. Solving the system of canonical linear equations of the displacement method ensures the fulfillment of the equilibrium conditions in each node of the discrete computational domain. Therefore, the calculation procedure is organized in such a way that the obtained solutions also comply with the laws of deformation of the material. Known iterative methods of variable stiffness, initial stresses or initial deformations, which differ only in the method of obtaining solutions, can be used for this purpose. The analysis showed that the most effective method for solving the formulated physically nonlinear problem is the variable stiffness, on the basis of which the iterative algorithm was developed. Described in the article iterative algorithm for solving of a flat boundary value problems of mechanics of a discrete environment allows to take into account the influence on the process of deformation internal friction. It can also be used to solve problems in the mechanics of solid deformable body with a most influence of internal friction, thermo-elasticity problems, etc.
CREATION OF SENSORY PROFILES OF RIESLING WINES FROM EUROPE, AMERICA AND OCEANIA AND THEIR COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS
Authors:   Odesa National University of Technology, VERECHUK Olena , KAMENEVA Natali ,   Odesa National University of Technology
Published: February 2023

Effective work at the winery is possible only if the final result is taken into account. Riesling wines have a different organoleptic profile depending on the country of cultivation, zone, climate and weather conditions. High temperatures affect the high concentration of TDN in the berry, more moderate forms herbal, fruit and mineral descriptors. Of course, work at the winery is also important. This work presents the results of the research of seven Riesling wines from different countries of the world: France, Italy, Germany, Austria, Ukraine, New Zealand and Australia. All wines are from the same harvest year and are made using similar technology. Looking at the possible difference in grape clones, terroir and yeast, the author understands the discrepancy in descriptors, but the main criteria for wine quality are objective indicators. The most important indicators of the quality of wines are balance and aftertaste, the whole range of descriptors and indicators of taste, in the end, should answer two questions – how good is the balance and long aftertaste. The higher the score, the higher the quality of the product. The analysis carried out by the author shows that the Riesling wines produced in New Zealand, Austria and Germany received the highest indicators of balance and aftertaste. These same samples received the highest points according to the scoring method, in addition, the first two have the highest ratings in the categories “aroma intensity” and “taste intensity”. Another important criterion of wines from the Riesling variety – minerality – is also the largest in the above three wines. The Ukrainian sample turned out to have good descriptors of berry, floral and stone aromas, and has good acidity. These data may indicate the peculiarity of the Ukrainian terroir, but still require additional research. The obtained data can be used to improve the organoleptic profile of Riesling wines grown in Ukraine.
ECOLOGICAL FEATURES OF SOAKING AND ASH PROCESSES IN THE PRODUCTION OF LEATHER
Authors: DANYLKOVYCH Аnatolii , LISHCHUK Viktor ,   Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design
Published: February 2023

Ecological and colloid-chemical features of soaking-ash processes in processing of raw cattle leather materials at production of elastic leather for uppers of footwear according to operating and developed resource-saving technologies are investigated. To evaluate the effectiveness of the technological processes used a set of physic-chemical and operational properties of leather semi-finished products at different stages of its formation to the finished material. Resource-saving ecologically oriented technology of soaking and ash processes in leather production for shoe uppers from raw salted conserved materials – bull skins has been developed. Physicochemical, technological and ecological features of existing and developed technologies are studied. The developed technology due to the increase of process temperature provides more efficient use of chemical reagents, reduction of concentrations of environmentally hazardous reagents, process duration and energy consumption per unit of output. At the same time, the total consumption of chemical reagents is reduced by 2.2 times, and in the waste technological solutions the concentration of sodium sulfide and calcium hydroxide – by 2.9 and 4.4 times, respectively. However, the developed resource-saving environmentally friendly technology is characterized by a reduction in biological and chemical oxygen demand for the destruction of organic and inorganic substances in the waste soaking-ash solution after treatment of 1 ton of raw materials by 30.0 and 21.0%, respectively. By reducing the duration of the technological process by 2.3 times, the new technology can be considered as energy efficient. The developed resource-saving technology provides the formation of leather material for shoe uppers with an increased yield of 3.9%, and its performance properties meet the requirements of DSTU 3115-95. The results obtained in the development of environmentally friendly resource-saving technology of soaking ash processes for footwear leather uppers from raw cattle leather materials can be effectively used in the development of new innovative technologies for the manufacture of leather materials from a wide range of other raw materials.
CAPE: HISTORICAL PAST AND FASHIONABLE PRESENT
Authors: DITKOVSKA Olesya , LUSHCHEVSKA Olena , Bukhantsova Liudmyla ,   Khmelnytskyi National University
Published: February 2023

The paper studies historical and modern models of women’s shoulder cape-type clothing, which has a long history and is a fashion trend of our time. A retrospective analysis of the types, shapes and varieties of cape decoration for the period from the 1750 to the early 1900 was carried out based on photographs of original cape models stored in museum funds. It has been established that during its history from a simple cape made of coarse cloth or wool from the end of the 18th century the cape, in addition to its direct purpose to protect from the cold, began to perform an aesthetic and informational function, as it received the status of an element of the wardrobe of the nobility and the wealthy segments of the population. For the elite, capes like a cape were sewn from expensive and luxurious fabrics, decorated with embroidery, ribbons, fringe, lace, jewellery, embroidered with cords, lined with fur, in order to emphasize the owner’s belonging to high society with all their appearance. It has been proven that historical clothes are relevant today and are an inexhaustible source of inspiration for modern designers who are subjects of different segments of the fashion system. Modern capes are extremely different from ancient models, have the greatest variety of types, shapes, options for stylistic embodiment than ever before. It is obvious that the “cape”, as a design option for clothing, has gone beyond the concept of “shoulder cape” or “coat”, and therefore should be considered an independent type of shoulder clothing. It has been established that by applying the principles of eclecticism through quotation, stylization or interpretation in costume design, it is possible to design an individual and unique image that will always create preferences for identifying its owner. A vivid example of this is the cape in the collections of world designers.
TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC RATIONALE FOR THE USE OF TURBULA TYPE MACHINING MACHINES IN POLISHING THE SURFACE OF SMALL POLYMER POLYMERS
Authors:   Kyiv National University of Technology and Design, Open International University of Human Development “Ukraine”, ZALYUBOVSKYI Mark
Published: February 2023

A method of wet polishing of polymer parts using a galvanizing machine with a complex spatial movement of the working tank type «Turbula» is proposed. According to the proposed method, the main stage of polishing the surface of the parts is carried out by abrasive ceramic bodies of complex geometric shape with the addition of fine pumice in the implementation of mixed cascade-waterfall mode of movement of the bulk working medium. This method of processing parts is considered highly productive, the processing time of parts averages 15 hours of continuous operation of the machine, which is several times faster than when processing parts in rotating drum drums or vibrating machines. The latter are characterized by low productivity of the relevant technological operations. The feasibility study of the method of wet polishing of polymer parts using a galvanizing machine with a complex spatial movement of the working capacity of the «Turbula» type for the implementation of the technological operation of polishing the surface of polyester buttons was performed analytically. The expected annual economic effect from the implementation of the developed method of wet polishing of polymer parts using a galvanizing machine with a complex spatial movement of the working capacity of the «Turbula» type, which will amount to UAH 14,059.8 per two units of equipment, is calculated. This method of processing can be used to improve the surface quality of any polymer parts with the possibility of achieving the appropriate value of the roughness of their surface. The obtained research results can be used in design bureaus of relevant enterprises for the manufacture of small polymer parts, the surface quality of which is determined by organoleptic method, as well as in design bureaus of machine-building enterprises specializing in the development of galvanizing equipment.
Proyecto urbano integral como propuesta para la planificación del sector San Mateo en Pereira
Authors: Ospina Zapata Esneider
Published: February 2023

Este artículo expone la particularidad de un proyecto urbano integral, cómo se encuentra estructurado, su metodología para la actuación sobre un territorio determinado y su consideración para generar una intervención en el sector San Mateo de la ciudad de Pereira, donde se plasmarán los propósitos y principios que este contiene como herramienta de planificación para resolver las necesidades y problemáticas en diferentes entornos. Se busca entender por qué las ciudades no se deberían construir por el actuar de unos pocos, ya que son la consolidación de todos los que habitan en ella.
La ética en el desarrollo del urbanismo y ordenamiento territorial en Colombia
Authors: Montes Posada Luis Fernando
Published: February 2023

La planificación del territorio en Colombia ha sufrido una transformación sustancial en los últimos 25 años, en los cuales se han agudizado los conflictos sociales, urbanísticos y ambientales que se pretendían solucionar. A la fecha no se han podido implementar correctamente los planes de ordenamiento territorial de los municipios de Colombia, debido al bajo nivel de cumplimiento de las metas, programas y proyectos planteados en ellos, a la debilidad institucional, a la falta de control y a la pérdida de valores éticos. A partir de la problemática, este artículo, que se desarrolla aplicando el método inductivo, en el que a partir del análisis de hechos y premisas particulares se obtendrán conclusiones generales, al observar y registrar estos hechos, construye una hipótesis que busca poner en reflexión la problemática planteada desde la crisis ética, social y ambiental por la que atraviesa hoy el ordenamiento y el desarrollo territorial de Colombia. En este punto de la reflexión cabe preguntarse por la construcción de la ética en el país: es necesario replantear la educación y los principios que se inculcan en los hogares, implementar desde la educación preescolar hasta la de formación profesional una educación integral en valores; la lucha contra la corrupción debe volverse un objetivo social en el que todos deben participar.
La manzana y el bloque: soportes del espacio edificable. Disolución de una unidad edificatoria
Authors: Pinto Quintero Sebastián
Published: February 2023

El planeamiento de la ciudad en el transcurso del tiempo ha sido una búsqueda constante de soluciones a las necesidades del hombre, según un determinado periodo histórico; este ha coincidido en la necesidad de sistemas efectivos, prácticos y eficientes para dar cabida a una población en aumento y para la consolidación de la ciudad como acopio de las actividades humanas. Entendiendo a la ciudad como un ser vivo y mutable, este artículo hace reconocimiento de la complejidad de los hechos urbanos soportado en un caso de estudio de la Maestría en Arquitectura y Urbanismo de la Universidad Católica de Pereira. Se estudia el proceso histórico del nacimiento, evolución y disolución de “la manzana”: el elemento ordenador urbano presente en la humanidad por civilizaciones, aplicado como acto de organización, dominio y control sobre el territorio, que como todos los procesos se transforma, y pasa de una unidad urbana concentrada a desagregarse en la idea de bloque exento en el espacio, o la sucesión de estos como cinta continúa inscrita sobre parámetros de orden similares a los del pasado, aunque con nuevas posibilidades de hacer ciudad sin estar constreñido a una forma única dictatorial, que actúa a través de respuestas apropiadas ante la diversidad de escenarios geomorfológicos, socioculturales y ambientales, con una forma libre pero sistematizada.
La identidad cultural afrodescendiente reflejada en la calle larga, como signo de tradición presente en las configuraciones físico-espaciales de los asentamientos del casco urbano de Santa Cecilia
Authors: Cortés Zuleta Natalia
Published: February 2023

La “calle larga” como configuración físico-espacial primaria de la comunidad afrodescendiente en el corregimiento de Santa Cecilia, Pueblo Rico (Risaralda), padece un desmejoramiento en sus condiciones físicas que son la repercusión del deterioro socio-cultural, el cual es el conformador de sus asentamientos. Fue posible desarrollar la temática de los asentamientos de las comunidades afrodescendientes a través de una metodología relacionada con la investigación de las humanidades, bajo un una investigación descriptiva y un análisis interpretativo, donde se hizo una relación de asentamientos con el Pacífico y con Santa Cecilia; se esclareció la conservación de similitudes, pero también se expuso su identidad cultural como aspecto diferenciador, lo que permitió establecer unas configuraciones físico-espaciales características para la comunidad afrodescendiente de Santa Cecilia. Así pues, la calle larga es la configuración más visible y de una importancia crucial para toda la comunidad por ser espacio público y, como no está en condiciones óptimas, fue posible formular un instrumento de planificación con estrategias de mejoramiento integral, además de plantear una propuesta arquitectónica proyectual de mejoramiento del espacio público propuesto y mejoras de la infraestructura. Así pues, las condiciones de mejoramiento no solo se realizarían en lo físico, también en lo sociocultural, buscando el reconocimiento de la calle larga como parte de la tradición de la identidad cultural afrocolombiana presente en Santa Cecilia, Pueblo Rico (Risaralda), por parte de la misma comunidad desde sus vivencias sobre esta.
Crecimiento urbano en el territorio colectivo del corregimiento de Santa Cecilia a partir de un enfoque étnico cultural, vinculado a los procesos históricos de las formas socioespaciales de la ocupación de los asentamientos en la región
Authors: Buitrago Villegas Valentina
Published: February 2023

En este trabajo se hablará del proceso de urbanización por el cual pasa el centro urbano de Santa Cecilia, específicamente en las veredas Cinto y Santa Cecilia, pues es necesario pensar en temas de expansión y crecimiento, ya que hay una ausencia de programas de ordenamiento y desarrollo territorial enfocados precisamente en este tema, el territorio pasa por un proceso de crecimiento espontáneo que causa varias problemáticas de habitabilidad y un desvanecimiento de los valores étnico culturales que se reflejan en las formas socioespaciales de ocupación de los asentamientos, los cuales descienden de las lógicas de habitar de las comunidades afro del Pacífico, por lo que es importante retomar los valores que aún hacen parte de su memoria colectiva y que fortalecen las relaciones socioculturales y ambientales que se dan en el territorio. Para esto se hace un acercamiento a planteamientos teórico que permiten la comprensión de las formas socioespaciales de ocupación desde una mirada regional, una revisión de documentos técnicos y una salida de campo para focalizar el análisis y entender las particularidades y preocupaciones del territorio. Cabe mencionar que el análisis se trabaja desde el espacio social, entendiendo el espacio como ese lugar donde confluyen los elementos y procesos de las relaciones sociales y son las que construyen el territorio. Como resultado de la investigación se plantea un instrumento de planificación que será un tratamiento urbanístico de desarrollo en zonas de expansión propuestas, y la propuesta de un asentamiento colectivo en una de las zonas de expansión, con el fin de contribuir al ordenamiento y desarrollo con un enfoque en sus valores étnico culturales, como eje ordenador del crecimiento.
CLINICAL CASE: ENDOSCOPIC SUBMUCOSAL DISSECTION FOR EARLY ESOPHAGOGASTRIC JUNCTION CANCER, COMPLICATED BY DYSPHAGIA IN EARLY POST-OP
Authors:   P.A. Herzen Moscow Cancer Research Institute ― branch of National Medical Research Radiology Center, Yutsevich O. K. , Pirogov S. S. ,   P.A. Herzen Moscow Cancer Research Institute ― branch of National Medical Research Radiology Center, Volchenko N. N. ,   P.A. Herzen Moscow Cancer Research Institute ― branch of National Medical Research Radiology Center, Ryabov A. B. ,   P.A. Herzen Moscow Cancer Research Institute ― branch of National Medical Research Radiology Center, Perfilev I. B. ,   P.A. Herzen Moscow Cancer Research Institute ― branch of National Medical Research Radiology Center, Varvarin V. V. ,   P.A. Herzen Moscow Cancer Research Institute ― branch of National Medical Research Radiology Center, Kaprin A. D. ,   P.A. Herzen Moscow Cancer Research Institute ― branch of National Medical Research Radiology Center
Published: February 2023

Over the past decade, there has been an increase in the incidence of esophagogastric junction cancer. Since most of these tumors are detected at late stage, the 5-year survival rate of such patients remains low. Therefore, endoscopic diagnosis of early esophago-gastric junction cancer is one of the most important in modern endoscopy and oncology. Due to the development of modern endoscopic technologies, there has been an increase in the diagnosing such tumors at an early stage. All of this together means we need to update the treatment tactics in such patients. The team of authors aims not only to identify possible discrepancies in examination of patient with suspected early neoplasia, but also to demonstrate a rare complication of endoscopic intraluminal surgery.
INFLUENCE OF MOLECULAR GENETIC CHARACTERISTICS ON THE PROGNOSIS OF NEWLY DIAGNOSED HIGH-GRADE III-IV STAGE SEROUS OVARIAN CANCER DEPENDING ON TREATMENT OPTIONS
Authors:   Primorsky Regional Oncological Dispensary, Zhurman V. N.
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Up to 13 000 cases of ovarian cancer are detected annually in Russia (10,17 per 100 000), ranking ninth in the structure of total oncological morbidity (4,4%) and third among gynecological tumors, after cancer of the endometrial cancer and cervical cancer. At the same time, high-grade serous ovarian cancer accounts for 70% of all of ovarian cancer cases. The study was conducted in 398 patients with high-grade III-IV stage serous ovarian cancer treated at the Primorsky Regional Oncological Dispensary in the period from 2016 to 2022, aged 33-77 years, the median age was 53,5 years. Mutations in BRCA1/2 genes and homologous recombination deficiency were evaluated in histological samples of tumor tissue on paraffin blocks obtained intraoperatively and in biological material (blood) by next generation sequencing (NGS). A mutation in the BRCA1 gene was detected in 154/398 patients, in the BRCA2 gene — 16/398 patients, a deficiency of homologous recombination was detected in 6/23, a combination of BRCA1/2 mutation and a deficiency of homologous recombination was found in 4/23, no mutation in the BRCA1/2 genes was detected in 228/398 patients. The median age in the group of patients with a mutation in the BRCA1 gene was 52,3 years, with BRCA2 it was 61,5 years, in the absence of a mutation in the BRCA1/2 gene it was 53,2 years. When analyzing the treatment in patients with stage III-IV who received the first stage of neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval cytoreductive surgery (ICR), the median overall survival and median progression-free survival were BRCA1/2+ 62,0 (±6,0) months and 16,0 (±2,84) months, BRCAneg 35,0 (±3,2) months and 15,0 (±1,5) months accordingly (fig. 3), which differs from the group of ovarian cancer patients who received primary cytoreductive surgery (PCR) at the first stage — the median of overall survival and median of progression-free survival was BRCA1/2+ 107,0 (±26,3) months and 26,0 (±2,1) months, BRCAneg 50,0 (±7,2) months and 19,0 (±1,4) months, respectively (fig. 4), the differences are statistically significant for BRCA1/2+ at p=0,01 and not significant for BRCAneg p>0,05.
FORMATION OF ESOPHAGOEJUNOANASTOMOSIS DURING LAPAROSCOPIC GASTRECTOMY (REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE)
Authors:   Republican Clinical Oncology Dispensary of Ministry of Healthcare of Tatarstan Republic named after prof. M.Z. Sigal, Valiev А. А. , Khasanov R. Sh. ,   Kazan State Medical Academy ― Branch Campus of the FSBEI FPE RMACPE MOH Russia, Galimova L. L. ,   Kazan State Medical University, Karpenko L. G. ,   Kazan State Medical Academy ― Branch Campus of the FSBEI FPE RMACPE MOH Russia
Published: February 2023

According to literature, a total of 1 089 103 (6%) cases of gastric cancer (GC) were recorded in 2020 (occupied fifth place). In Russia, this entity ranks sixth (5,8%) amongst the overall oncological diseases. The burden of GC varies geographically, being maximum in countries like Russia, Japan, Chile, Korea and China, and lowest in New Zealand, Australia and the USA. Since surgery is the mainstay for the treatment of gastric cancer, a lot of new surgical techniques are being developed. Laparoscopic gastrectomy (LGE) has been promising and is being put in forefront of these techniques. An important aspect of gastrectomy is the formation of esophagojejunal anastomoses (EJA). However, the problem is the lack of a common standard for laparoscopic reconstruction of the digestive tract. The high cost of equipment, a small number of trained teams also limit LGE to take the leading role in the treatment of GC. Various techniques of EJA, their results and possible complications will be compared in this review.
DRUG AND RADIATION THERAPY OF METASTATIC SPINAL LESIONS
Authors:   Privolzhsky district Medical Center FMBA, Yarikov A. V. , Makeeva O. A. ,   Ogarev Mordovian State University, Kabardaev R. M. ,   Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Dubskikh A. O. ,   Sverdlovsk Regional Oncology Dispensary, Kuznetsov S. F. ,   Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ermolaev A. Yu. ,   Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute named after M.F. Vladimirsky, Perlmutter O. A. ,   City Clinical Hospital №39, Fraerman A. P. ,   City Clinical Hospital №39, Smirnov I. I. ,   City Clinical Hospital №39, Zabikhova A. G. ,   Central City Hospital of Arzamas, Ermolaeva A. M. ,   Nizhniy Novgorod Regional Clinical Oncology Center, Sosnin A. G. ,   Federal Siberian Scientific and Clinical Center FMBA of Russia, Mukhin A. S. ,   Volga Research Medical University, Pardaev S. N. ,   Privolzhsky district Medical Center FMBA, Gunkin I. V. ,   Ogarev Mordovian State University, Dzhindzhikhadze R. S. ,   Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute named after M.F. Vladimirsky, Borzov K. A. ,   Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Tsybusov S. N. ,   Lobachevsky National Research Nizhny Novgorod State University, Kalinkin A. A. ,   Siberian Federal Scientific and Clinical Center FMBA of Russia, Simonov A. E. ,   City Clinical Hospital №39, Kotelnikov A. O. ,   Ilizarov National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedic, Garipov I. I. ,   Ilizarov National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Khomchenkov M. V. ,   Ilizarov National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics
Published: February 2023

Metastasis of malignant tumors in the spine is a common problem of cancer patients. Modern neuroimaging methods make it possible to identify secondary lesions of the spinal column at an early stage. Currently, the approach to the treatment of metastatic spinal lesions is multidisciplinary and requires the approach of doctors of different specialties: neurosurgeon, radiologist, chemotherapist, neurologist and rehabilitologist. Currently, a combination of several treatment methods is optimal: surgery, radiation and drug therapy. Systemic drug therapy is an integral part of long-term control of spinal metastases and depends on the histological structure of the malignant neoplasm and its ability to respond to drug exposure. The article also describes modern methods of radiation therapy. To date, there is no unity of views and an unambiguous standardized, scientifically based approach to solving the existing problem, however, further study of it will be able to ensure the choice of the optimal algorithm for the curation of patients with metastatic spinal lesion. After all, proper treatment of secondary damage to the spinal column will allow the patient to prevent neurological deficit and persistent pain syndrome, to maintain an optimal quality of life.
CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS OF ENDOSCOPIC DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF EARLY SIGNET RING CELL CANCER OF THE STOMACH
Authors:   Nizhniy Novgorod Regional Clinical Oncology Center, Gagaev R. A. , Pirogov S. S. ,   P.A. Herzen Moscow Cancer Research Institute ― branch of National Medical Research Radiology Center, Yutsevich O. K. ,   P.A. Herzen Moscow Cancer Research Institute ― branch of National Medical Research Radiology Center, Perfilev I. B. ,   P.A. Herzen Moscow Cancer Research Institute ― branch of National Medical Research Radiology Center, Pavlov P. V. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Mitrakov A. A. ,   Nizhniy Novgorod Regional Clinical Oncology Center, Volchenko N. N. ,   P.A. Herzen Moscow Cancer Research Institute ― branch of National Medical Research Radiology Center, Gamayunov S. V. ,   Nizhniy Novgorod Regional Clinical Oncology Center, Kaprin A. D. ,   P.A. Herzen Moscow Cancer Research Institute ― branch of National Medical Research Radiology Center
Published: February 2023

Signet ring cell carcinoma is a specific histological subtype of gastric adenocarcinoma. The tumor name is due to the characteristic type of malignant cells nuclei, that take the form of a ring. Such cells contain a large amount of intracellular mucin, which shifts the nucleus to the periphery creating a typical microscopic appearance. Currently, there is no single point of view, regarding the treatment strategy of such patients, as well as the prognosis of the disease. Modern endoscopic technologies allow not only to detect signet ring cell carcinoma of the stomach at an early stage, but can also be the method of choice in the radical treatment of such patients. This clinical observation aims to demonstrate the results of endoscopic diagnosis of early signet ring cell carcinoma in two patients with different treatment approaches.
Studentische Fachkulturen: Lebensstile und politische Dispositionen
Authors: Eßer Anno
Published: February 2023

Vor dem Hintergrund des Konzepts des Habitus und des sozialen Raums Pierre Bourdieus werden in dem Buch studentische Fachkulturen untersucht. Der Autor betrachtet dabei die soziale Laufbahn der Studierenden von der Herkunftsfamilie über die gegenwärtigen Lebensstile bis zur beruflichen Zukunft und erweitert die Analyse um die Ebene des politischen Raums. Auf der Grundlage einer quantitativen Befragung von Studierenden der Fächer Rechtswissenschaft, Volkswirtschaftslehre, Betriebswirtschaftslehre, Sozialwissenschaften, Philosophie, Mathematik und Biologie widmet sich das Buch folgender Frage:Welche Wahlverwandtschaften, Korrespondenzen und Homologien bestehen zwischen Lebensstilen, beruflichen Zukunftsorientierungen und politischen Dispositionen?