bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of quaternized glass fiber filter and study on its adsorption for Pu (IV)
Authors: Liu Meichen , Wang Zheng , Wang Ling , Zhang Xiaofei , Li Junwan
Published: June 2024

In this study, a novel pretreatment material was developed for the separation of trace plutonium (Pu) in complex systems. Glass fiber filters, known for their resistance to chemical corrosion, radiation and thermal stability, were used as the base material for separation and enrichment. However, the number of active groups on the surface of the matrix material was limited, resulting in poor chemical grafting efficiency. To address this, a new method is proposed involving deposition and chemical grafting. A polydopamine coating was formed on the filter surface through the oxidation and self-polymerization reaction of dopamine. Subsequently, the coupling agent chloromethyltrimethoxysilane and the extraction agent trioctylamine were employed to quaternize the glass fiber filter, resulting in the synthesis of a novel pretreatment material. Various characterization techniques were employed to investigate the morphology and surface functional group structure. Finally, the material was applied in the adsorption of trace plutonium, and the adsorption performance and mechanism for plutonium (IV) (Pu4+) were explored. The adsorption results indicated that when the nitrate acidity was 4 mol/l, the adsorption capacity of the material reached its maximum value. The adsorption capacity reached equilibrium within 360 s. The maximum adsorption capacity of GF-PD-CTS-TOA for plutonium (IV) was 20.35 mg/g (0.085 mmol/g). Complex anions Pu(NO3)6 2− and Pu(NO3)5 − were the main forms of plutonium (IV) adsorption. This is the first time that this method was used to modify glass fiber filters, and this study represents the first application of functionalized glass fiber filters in the analysis and separation of radioactive elements during reprocessing.
Sustainable design of two-way slab-on-beam systems: a study on embodied carbon and cost
Authors: Suwondo Riza , Keintjem Militia , Suangga Made , Cunningham Lee
Published: June 2024

In an era characterised by a growing imperative for environmental sustainability, the construction industry finds itself at a cross-roads where innovation and well-informed decision making are paramount. This study explored the intricate interplay between structural performance, economic viability and environmental impact in the realm of reinforced concrete slabs, with a specific focus on two-way slab-on-beam structures. This study examined the relationship between slab thickness, concrete grade, reinforcement ratios, embodied carbon dioxide emissions and total construction costs. The findings paint a vivid, if not unexpected, picture: thinner slabs are associated with lower embodied carbon dioxide emissions and construction costs. However, there is a caveat: thinner slabs may find their place in projects with less demanding structural requirements, whereas thicker slabs, while offering superior structural performance, incur higher costs and environmental impacts. The choice of slab thickness, as this research indicates, is far from a one-size-fits-all decision and necessitates meticulous evaluation of project-specific demands. The data-driven insights presented in this study have the potential to improve construction practices. This research serves as a foundational reference point for the construction industry’s journey towards sustainability, where structures are not merely functional but also environmentally and economically sustainable.
Assessing performance of directional output distance function: Simulation-based Analysis
Authors: Ahlonsou Ceptime Galilée , Sodjinou Epiphane , Koladjo Bagagnidé François , Glèlè Kakaï Romain
Published: June 2024

This study examined the effect of sample sizes, distribution of the noise term and variance inefficiency term performance on directional output distance function (DODF) through Monte Carlo experiments. Sample sizes from 100 to 500 at the interval length of 100, variance of the inefficiency term (\(\sigma_u^{2}=0.05, \ 0.8)) and distribution of the noise term with normal and Student-t distribution levels were considered. Results revealed that larger the sample size and the variance of inefficiency term are, better directional output distance function performed. However, when the sample size exceeds 300, no impact is observed on the performance of DODF
Performance Evaluation of Resampling Strategies in Decision Tree-Based Ensemble Machine Learning Algorithms for Overdispersed Count Data Modelling
Authors: Mushagalusa Ciza Arsène , Fandohan Anandé Balarmain , Glèlè Kakaï Romain
Published: June 2024

This study aimed to evaluate the performance of resampling strategies in ensemble tree ML algorithms such a s random forest and conditional inference forests in modelling overdispersed outcomes, considering the complexity of the relationship between predictors and the outcome, overdispersion level, predictor type and sample size. We used simulated data and a case study modelling tick (Rhipicephalus appendiculatus) abundance on pastures. Results show that the choice of resampling approach affects learning algorithms' performances differently and a resampling method may be more or less effective for some datasets than for others.
On Bayesian Estimation in Change-point Problems for Poisson Source localization on the plane in non Standard Situation
Authors: Dabye Ali Souleymane , Ogouyandjou Carlos , Rafiou Djelili Alabi
Published: June 2024

In this paper, we deal with the problem of estimation of the localization of Poisson signals emitted from a single source of unknown position. More precisely, we are interested by the case of discontinuous (change-point type) model of signal. The asymptotic behavior of the Bayesian estimator of the position of the source in non standard situation related with the uncertainty of the model is studied. In particular the consistency is analyzed. The limit distribution and the convergence of the moments are also described.
A wavelet regression approach to dependence calibration in conditional copula model
Authors: Seck CheikhTidiane , Diop Aba
Published: June 2024

In the presence of covariates, the dependence structure of a vector of random variables can be modelled by using conditional copula function. If the latter belongs to a parametric copula family, say \(\mathfrak{C}_{\theta}\), an important question is how the dependence parameter \(\theta\) is related to these covariates. In this paper, we propose a wavelet-based regression approach to estimate the relationship between \(\theta\) and some real-valued covariate. We consider wavelet shrinkage estimators and show their performance via a simulation study. An application to a meteorological dataset reveals that the temperature influences the dependence structure between the maximum and the minimum relative humidity variables, whenever it takes either very large values or very small values.
Ecosystem services provided by orchids: a global analysis
Authors: Hernández-Mejía Julieta A. , De la Rosa-Manzano Edilia , Delgado-Sánchez Pablo
Published: June 2024

Background: Orchids constitute one of the most diverse group of plants, they provide a large number of benefits to human society.
Questions: What are the ecosystem services provided by orchids?
Data description: We performed a systematic review based on 413 articles, of which 224 provide relevant information, focusing on publications by ecosystem service category, continent, genus, and quartile of journal.
Study site and years studied: studies of orchids on all continents from 2000 to 2021.
Methods: databases reviewed were BioOne, CONRICyT, EBSCO, EndNote, Google Scholar, JSTOR, Mendeley, ScienceDirect, Wiley library, as well as reviews of specialized books.
Results: We found 75 articles on cultural services, followed by 66 on provisioning services, 64 on supporting and 19 on regulating services. The Epidendroideae subfamily was the most mentioned with 90.9 %, with the genus Dendrobium having the most mentions (39.13 %). Most of the orchid ecosystem service research was conducted on the American and Asian continents, where cultural and provisioning services were prevalent, respectively. Of all the publications, 54.7 % belong to quartile 1, and 2.4 % to quartile 4.
Conclusions: This research contributes to our understanding of ecosystem services provided by orchids, which may allow us a more comprehensive understanding of how human society benefits from orchids, and what could be lost if these species are not conserved and used sustainably.
Digital Inclusion Through Algorithmic Knowledge: Curated Flows of Civic and Political Information on Instagram
Authors: Boulianne Shelley , Hoffmann Christian P.
Published: June 2024

Social media platforms are a critical source of civic and political information. We examine the use of Instagram to acquire news as well as civic and political information using nationally representative survey data gathered in 2019 in the US, the UK, France, and Canada (n = 2,440). We investigate active curation practices (following news organizations, political candidates or parties, and nonprofit organizations or charities) and passive curation practices (liking friends’ political posts and those from parties or politicians and nonprofits or charities). Young adults (18 to 24 years) are far more likely to curate their Instagram feed than older adults in all four countries. We consider two possible explanations for this behavior: political interest and an understanding of how algorithms work. Young adults have more (self-assessed) knowledge of algorithms in all four countries. Algorithmic knowledge relates to curation practices, but there are some cross-national differences. Algorithmic knowledge is theoretically relevant for passive curation practices and the UK sample provides support for the stronger role of algorithmic knowledge in passive than active curation. In all four countries, political interest positively relates to active and passive curation practices. These findings challenge depictions of young adults as news avoiders; instead, they demonstrate that algorithmic knowledge can help curate the flow of information from news organizations as well as civic and political groups on Instagram. While algorithmic knowledge enables youth’s digital inclusion, for older adults, the lack of knowledge may contribute to digital exclusion as they do not know how to curate their information flows.
Mechanism of formation of military tourism in Ukraine
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Syrovets Serhii , Uliganets Serhii ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Melnyk Liudmyla ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: June 2024

Background. Military tourism in Ukraine is a relatively new direction that emerged after the beginning of the Russian-Ukrainian war in 2014. According to experts' estimates, around 100,000 tourists interested in the war visited Ukraine in 2023. This figure is 30 % higher than in 2022. International support for Ukraine contributes to increasing awareness of our country and its history. Respect for memory and dignity is a fundamental principle in the ethics of research and interaction with the historical and sensitive topic of military tourism. Methods. General scientific and specialized research methods were employed, including analysis and synthesis, logical structuring, in formulating the theoretical and methodological foundations of the study – the essence of military tourism, aspects of studying military tourism. Expeditionary and remote methods were utilized in gathering initial information – surveying the territories of cities such as Irpin, Hostomel, and Bucha. Geospatial analysis methods were employed in processing the initial information and subsequent analysis – exploring the possibilities of creating thematic routes, which would allow for structuring visits and promoting historical and heritage sites. Geospatial modeling and cartographic methods were employed in analyzing the impact of military aggression on Ukraine on international tourism and in presenting the research results. Results. Military tourism was considered by us as a type of tourism in which tourists visit places and objects associated with armed conflicts, military history, and military events. This type of tourism can encompass various aspects, from visiting military museums and monuments to specialized tours where tourists can participate in military action simulations, visit military sites, and locations of combat. A proposed model for forming the typological structure of military tourism. Conclusions. Tourism based on history and cultural heritage can be more authentic and appealing to tourists. In the academic context, there is emerging research aimed at monitoring, evaluating, and optimizing military tourism routes. One aspect that has contributed to the success of military routes is the coordination of efforts to build a shared identity. It has been found that military tourism can contribute to raising awareness of war, promoting tolerance and understanding among people of different cultures, and fostering the development of Ukraine's economy, including international support for military tourism in Ukraine.
CLIMATE CHANGE AS THE NEWEST DETERMINANT OF CORPORATE RISK MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES OF MULTINATIONAL ENTERPRISES
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Rushkovskyi M.
Published: June 2024

The purpose of the paper is to summarize and present the fundamental trends of the last decade related to climate change, as well as interstate and global economic campaigns aimed at slowing down this process, that create a powerful new determinant for multinational enterprises (MNE) in the areas of corporate governance, risk management and sound management of climate risks and opportunities. The analysis is based on the recent studies of the leading international researchers such as International Energy Agency and The Economist Intelligence Unit, dedicated United Nations bodies, Universities, and also association of MNE Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures. Results of the analysis showed that climate risks and opportunities already have a clear monetary expression and impact on MNE. Modern efficient business faces a need to build an effective system for managing such risks, which, in addition to the direct effect on MNE, will also be an important signal for the stakeholders, that in turn may reduce the cost of the raised capital and increase the level of revenues. For some EU countries, it will soon become mandatory to cover climate risk management principles and approaches in their annual reports. Internal models are being developed that show the impact of climate change on MNE business (for example, an increase in total temperature by 1,5 °C, 2 °C, 4 °C). Therefore, a unified approach towards climate risk management becomes a topic of high importance for MNE and its stakeholders, including regulators, investors, shareholders and society. The conducted analysis provides deep understanding of the main drivers of climate risk management for MNE together with its practical implication that is emerging in the world economy.
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PRINCIPLE OF STABILITY AND THE IMPORTANCE OF ITS SUSTAINABILITY IN TAX RELATIONS
Authors:   Yaroslav Mudriy National University of Law, Kharkiv, Ukraine, Kucheryavenko M. , Seryogin O. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: June 2024

The article analyzes the history, content and significance of the stability principle in law-making activities and the functioning of the tax system. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the normative fixation stability principle of tax legislation in Ukraine and the connection with the principles of legal certainty and the rule of law. An analysis of the case law concerning the establishment of both national and local taxes in violation of the stability principle is introduced. Proved from the scientific-theoretical and law enforcement point of view inadmissibility of violation of the stability principle in law-making activities and the impossibility of moving away from the existing court practice of resolving administrative tax disputes on stability principle matters.
UKRAINE'S ENGAGEMENT IN THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A NEW REGIONAL SECURITY FRAMEWORK IN HUMAN RIGHTS
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Mitsik V. , Horovenko S. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: June 2024

It is known that the principle of sovereign equality and reciprocity of States underlies contemporary international relations. All UN member states are equal in legal status and obliged to co-operate with one another. At the same time, the role of each state on the world stage directly depends on its efficient geopolitical interactions and the willingness to engage in win-win cooperation. The article analyzes the increasing Ukrainian cooperation practices since 2020 through the establishment of the subregional alliances to pursue the newly approved foreign policy strategy. The associations are promoted concerning building a new international security architecture in human rights. The article deals with updated governmental strategic documents aimed at enhanced engagement of Ukraine in regional cooperation. The report also considers theoretical grounds for creating subregional human rights protection mechanisms within the European regional systems and includes the comparative analysis of the most effective subregional associations since the late 1990s. Human rights are a unifying factor in global relations of the last century. Therefore, the study has found that Ukraine's strategy to revive old and create new formats of subregional cooperation, such as the Lublin Triangle, the Association Trio, the Quadriga, and, of course, the Crimea Platform, brings back to the international community agenda issues related to the human rights protection, as well help achieve essential important geopolitical goals of Ukraine. Such activities allow Ukraine, in the short-term perspective, to receive additional vaccines from COVID-19 and modern weapons to strengthen the Defense Force to deter the Russian military aggression in eastern Ukraine. At the same time, in the medium term, the defined strategy will help Ukraine to become a full member of the EU and NATO. And in the long run – to implement the policy of reintegration and deoccupation of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol and its peaceful return to Ukraine within internationally recognized borders. Eventually, such subregional alliances improve the structure of human rights protection within the Universal human rights protection system and European regional mechanisms, strengthen Ukraine's position in international negotiations and consolidate Ukraine's role in international relations as Europe's Eastern Gate.
Modern methods of surgical treatment of obstructive genital malformations in girls
Authors: Adamyan Leila V. , Sibirskaya Elena V. , Sharkov Sergey M. , Pivazyan Laura G. , Murvatova Kamila K. , Zarova Evdokiya A.
Published: June 2024

Congenital anomalies of female genital tract in children and adolescents are more commonly detected at the age of menarche with several symptoms caused by obstruction. These diseases are rare, but without timely diagnostics and management they can cause a number of serious complications. This article is aimed to review modern approaches to diagnostics and management of this pathology and to highlight some aspects that require further research.
A literature search was conducted using the following databases: MEDLINE, Google Scholar, eLIBRARY, international guidelines and clinical recommendations. Key words that were used for search were: «congenital malformations», «distal vaginal atresia», «imperforated hymen», «OHVIRA», «transverse vaginal septum», «hematocolpos», «obstructive uterovaginal anomalies», «surgical treatment in pediatrics». International clinical trials which had been analysed by the authors were included in the review.
They have explored the current literature related to the following obstructive malformations: distal vaginal atresia, transverse vaginal septum, imperforated hymen and Herlin–Werner–Wunderlich syndrome.
Main conclusions are: further studies with a larger sample of patients, longer follow-up, long-term outcomes and effective preventive measures against complications. Another unresolved question is the age which can be recommended for surgical treatment of obstructive malformations. Potentials for developing new algorithms of earlier diagnostics are also among research priorities.
Stab wounds of the neck in children
Authors: Gumerov Aitbai A. , Galimov Ildar I. , Gumerov Ramil A. , Islamov Salavat A. , Khidiyatov Ildar I. , Alibaev Aybulat K. , Valitov Ildar O. , Kolodko Sabina V.
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND: Stab wounds in children are very rare and are described as isolated cases. Sharp metal foreign bodies in the neck pose a real threat to trachea, esophagus, large vessels and nerves. The risk of damage is still present when specialists try to remove foreign bodies, especially if they are fixed.
CLINICAL CASES DESCRIPTION: The aim of the study is to demonstrate outcomes after treating patients with neck injuries. We have two observations of stab wounds in the neck (with a knitting needle and a sewing needle) in children. To put diagnosis, we used clinical, laboratory, radiation and endoscopic methods. Surgery was done under general anesthesia, and the knitting needle and the sewing needle were removed from deep structures of the neck. Patients were discharged from the hospital in satisfactory state.
CONCLUSION: The described observations may be of interest to specialists because we could remove foreign bodies penetrated into the neck without damage to internal organs, vessels and nerves. To prevent complications, foreign bodies in the neck have to be removed by experienced specialists in an operating room under general anesthesia with artificial ventilation. In case of complications, radical surgery is indicated.
Factors and nomograms determining the effectiveness of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in children with urolithiasis: a literature review
Authors: Lobanova Antonina D. , Zorkin Sergey N.
Published: June 2024

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is currently the priority method for treating urolithiasis in children. Due to the lack of extended indications for the application of this technique, an active search has been made over the past 30 years to define factors predicting ESWL outcome, to create objective preoperative planning tools, to increase ESWL effectiveness and to reduce the number of anesthetics and unnecessary surgical interventions.
Search for the information on predictive factors of ESWL successful intervention and on modern statistical tools predicting lithotripsy effectiveness in children with urolithiasis was made in foreign and domestic sources, like MEDLINE, eLIBRARY, CyberLeninka.
The literature analysis has showed that the following factors predispose positive ESWL outcomes: age before six years, smaller calculi size, and shorter skin-to-stone distance. Stone location in the lower calyx group, multiple concrements, and their high density has a negative impact at complete fragment detachment after ESWL. The probability of complete detachment of stone fragments from the lower calyx group decreases under the following anatomic features of kidney collecting system: number of draining calyces is more than one, calyx neck diameter is less than 4 mm, acute angle between the lower infundibulum and renal pelvis. Body mass index and prestenting have a controversial effect at successful ESWL too.
Nomograms and scoring systems based on predicting factors are widely used in both adult and pediatric practice. The two most commonly used nomograms in pediatric urology are Onal and Dogan nomograms developed in 2012 and 2015 in Turkey. These nomograms include the following parameters: patient's sex and age, history of ipsilateral surgical interventions as well as stone localization, number and size.
Thus, predicting ESWL outcomes using preoperative planning allows to choose the most appropriate treatment modality for a particular patient considering his/her individual anatomical and physiological characteristics and characteristics of the calculi.
Entre o direito positivo e a dialética negativa: uma sociologia jurídica negativa como caminho possível para a pesquisa empírica crítica
Authors: Cademartori Sérgio Urquhart de , Kuhn Lucas Bortolini
Published: June 2024

Este artigo aborda a possibilidade de uma pesquisa sociológica negativa sobre o direito a partir de uma conjunção entre o juspositivismo garantista de Luigi Ferrajoli e a dialética negativa de Theodor Adorno. O objeto é a pergunta sobre a viabilidade de uma teoria social que potencialize as capacidades críticas da pesquisa sociojurídica a partir da pergunta sobre a não-identidade, com a apresentação de alguns conceitos críticos como primeiros passos de uma sociologia jurídica negativa. A dialética negativa em Theodor Adorno aprofunda o potencial negativo e crítico da dialética hegeliana, e é construído a partir da noção de que os objetos não se dissolvem nos conceitos, sendo este movimento entre conceitos e os objetos que eles compreendem um movimento dialético de negação que deixa sobras. Estas sobras, âmbitos de não-identidade, se combinam ao constitucionalismo garantista para a pergunta sobre os espaços de não identidade entre o direito e a sociedade, com o cariz crítico inerente ao pensamento garantista e a atenção à pergunta sobre a (in)efetividade e aos âmbitos de (i)legitimidade jurídica. A partir destes pressupostos, o artigo também trabalha a relação desta teoria apresentada com a pesquisa documental, em especial a jurisprudencial. Os resultados apontam para vários benefícios de uma pesquisa sociojurídica negativa pela viabilidade de apresentar inúmeros âmbitos de negatividade inerentes aos espaços entre direito e sociedade, enriquecendo a ciência jurídica com os objetos aos quais os conceitos jurídicos tentam compreender, e ainda preservando – e dando o protagonismo – aos excessos e às sobras, não atendidos pelos conceitos, e que devem ser o objeto da sociologia jurídica negativa.
Gauging Academic Unit Perceptions of Library Services During a Transition in University Budget Models
Authors: Hoogland Margaret A , Natal Gerald , Wilmott Robert , Keating Clare F. , Caruso Daisy
Published: June 2024

Objective – Beginning in Fiscal Year 2023, a university initiated a multi-year transition to an incentive-based budget model, under which the University Libraries budget would eventually be dependent upon yearly contributions from colleges. Such a change could result in the colleges having a more profound interest in library services and resources. In anticipation of any changes in thoughts and perceptions on existing University Libraries services, researchers crafted a survey for administrators, faculty, and staff focused on academic units related to the health sciences. The collected information would inform library budget decisions with the goal of optimizing support for research and educational interests. Methods – An acquisitions and collection management librarian, electronic resources librarian, two health science liaisons, and a staff member reviewed and considered distributing validated surveys to health science faculty, staff, and administrators. Ultimately, researchers concluded that a local survey would allow the University Libraries to address health science community needs and gauge use of library services. In late October 2022, the researchers obtained Institutional Review Board approval and distributed the online survey from mid-November to mid-December 2022. Results – This survey collected 112 responses from health science administrators, faculty, and staff. Many faculty and staff members had used University Libraries services for more than 16 years. By contrast, most administrators started using the library within the past six years. Cost-share agreements intrigued participants as mechanisms for maintaining existing subscriptions or paying for new databases and e-journals. Most participants supported improving immediate access to full-text articles instead of relying on interlibrary loans. Participants desired to build upon existing knowledge of Open Access publishing. Results revealed inefficiencies in how the library communicates changes in collections (e.g., journals, books) and services. Conclusion – A report of the study findings sent to library administration fulfilled the research aim to inform budget decision making. With the possibility of reduced funds under the new internal budgeting model to both academic programs and the library, the study supports consideration of internal cost-sharing agreements. Findings exposed the lack of awareness of the library’s efforts at decision making transparency, which requires exploration of alternative communication methods. Research findings also revealed awareness of Open Educational Resources and Open Access publishing as areas that deserve heightened promotional efforts from librarians. Finally, this local survey and methodology provides a template for potential use at other institutions.
Daily and spatial generation of palm oil mill effluent in determining volumetric capacity for bio-methane planning
Authors: Tambe E B , Okonkwo A U , Mbuka-Nwosu I E , Unuafe S E , Cookey C O , Umunna M F
Published: June 2024

Cumulative determination of wastes generated per day and in different periods is a necessary prerequisite for planning waste recovery and averting environmental degradation. This study examined palm oil mills (small, medium and large-scaled mills) in the oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) industry at Ohaji/Egbema Local Government Area (LGA), Imo State, Nigeria for daily and periodic generation of palm oil mill effluent (POME). Survey research design was used. Eight catchment communities of the large-scaled mill, Agricultural Development Authority Palm (ADAPALM) were categorised into three strata in relation to the number of small-scaled mills in each community. In each stratum, a community was randomly sampled. Nine small-scaled mills were sampled from the three communities using proportional sampling. The lone medium and large-scaled mill in the study area represented the other scales of milling. For small and medium-scaled mills, the volume of POME generated was measured from the dimensions of the vessels where POME was stored, while that of large-scaled mill was obtained from industrial records. Independent sample T-test revealed an average of 17.574±0.408m3 POME/day and 15.509±0.465m3 POME/day in wet and the dry seasons respectively (p˂0.01). Similarly, within milling-scales, ANOVA and T-test showed that significant variations occur (p<0.01). Wilcoxon’s test revealed that there was no significant difference (p˃0.05) in the median functional small-scaled mills across seasons, hence functionality did do not influence the volume of POME generated across seasons. The findings revealed the copious volume of POME generated in the area and the required volumetric requirements to planning its collection and transformation to wealth.
The Efficacy of General Anesthesia with Sevoflurane for Pain Management in Neonates and Infants with Idiopathic Clubfoot Treated with Ponseti Technique and Percutaneous Achilles Tenotomy
Authors: Talebnejhad Javad , Moghaddam Maryam Mirzaei , Morsali Fateme , Sarzaeim Mojdeh , Panjavi Behnam , Baghdadi Taghi , Goudarzi Mehrdad , Khairollahi Amir Hossain , Vahdati Zahra , Nematian Hossein , Hajipoor Asghar
Published: June 2024

Background: Idiopathic clubfoot deformity is a relatively common congenital pediatric foot deformity. A percutaneous Achilles tenotomy (PAT) is required to correct the equinus deformity as it is the most resistant component of clubfoot deformity. Although this procedure is mainly performed with local anesthesia, performing this procedure with general anesthesia has significant advantages. Aims: The purpose of this study was to compare the safety and efficacy of post-procedural pain management of PAT in the treatment of clubfoot with the Ponseti method when performed in a clinic setting with local anesthetic or under general anesthesia
Methods: This is a multicentric prospective observational evaluation on children less than one year of age with idiopathic clubfoot whom referred for Ponseti casting and PAT. This procedure was done in the control group with local anesthesia and in the intervention group with Sevoflurane mask 8% (MAC 2) and maintenance of anesthesia with Sevoflurane mask 4% (N2O/O2, 50%). The neonatal infant pain scale (NIPS), the amount of milk, and mood changes were evaluated as a criterion to measure the pain level.
Results: NIPS score in the intervention group was significantly lower than the control group. Children in the intervention group consume significantly more milk than the control group. Furthermore, 76% of children in the intervention group were classified as "calm," 24% as "relatively restless," and no child was classified as "severely restless." While in the control group, 54% of children were classified as "severely restless," and the remaining 46% as "relatively restless."
Conclusion: Our result showed that using general anesthesia to perform achillotomy in the treatment of clubfoot in children could be associated with less pain in these patients and without significant complications.
Comparing the Ease of Endotracheal Intubation with and without an Intubation Box in COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Karami Nazli , Mahoori Alireza , Karami Tohid , Shakeri Alireza , Abtahi Dariush
Published: June 2024

Background: Endotracheal intubation is a potentially high-risk aerosol-generating procedure. So, an intubation box (I-Box) is designed for personal protection during intubation. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of endotracheal intubation with and without an I-box in COVID-19 patients.
Methods: In this study, 60 COVID-19 patients (30 patients in each group) with and without I-box groups were included. outcomes of intubation including duration of intubation, first-pass success intubation, suitable visibility of airways, restriction of movement in the neck, the need to surface maneuvering of the airway, and the number of attempts for successful intubation were compared between the two groups.
Results: The time of intubation was significantly longer in the I-box group (15.27±2.6 seconds) than without the I-box group (8.37±1.3 seconds) (p<0.001). All patients (100%) were intubated in the first attempt in the without I-box group while the rate of first-pass success intubation was 50% in the I-box group (p <0.001). The visibility of the airway was significantly better in the without I-box group than the I-box group (without I-box: 23 patients (76.7%), I-box: 15 patients (50%), p= 0.032). The frequency of need to optimizing maneuver of the airway was in without and with I-box was 23.3% and 50% respectively (p=0.032).
Conclusion: However, the I-box as a physical barrier can protect healthcare workers but its use increased the time to intubation and the number of attempts for successful intubation and reduced the rate of first-pass success intubation and visibility.
Comparative Study of the Preemptive Dexmedetomidine Versus Ondansetron Effect in Post-Operative Nausea and Vomiting after Middle Ear Surgery
Authors: Safavi Mohammadreza , Honarmand Azim , Nazemroaya Behzad , Maleky Negar
Published: June 2024

Background: Nausea and vomiting after operation has high prevalence and cause adverse effect. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of dexmedetomidine with ondansetron in prevention of post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after middle ear surgery under general anesthesia.and saliva gas in traumatic patients under mechanical ventilation.
Methods: This in this double-blinded clinical trial study, one hundred and sixty-two patients undergoing middle ear surgery under general anesthesia were randomly divided into three groups of 55 each: ondansetron (O), dexmedetomidine (D) and control (C). Group O received 0.1 mg/kg of ondansetron, Group D received 1 μg/kg/min of dexmedetomidine and Group C received 10 cc of normal saline 15 to 20 minutes before surgical incision. After that, the patients were examined in post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) and up to 24 hours after the operation in terms of PONV and other study variables.
Results: The severity of nausea after operation based on VAS (visual analog scale) was significantly different between Group O (2.2±0.7) and Group D (3.9± 0.7) and Group C (5.15±1.3) (P= 0.04). The incidence of vomiting in the first 24h postoperatively was 14.8% in Group O, 46.3% in Group D and 88.8% in Group C (P= 0.003).
Conclusion: Our study showed that ondansetron was better than dexmedetomidine for prevention of PONV after middle ear surgery.
The Effect of Deferoxamine and Vitamin C Supplementation on Ferritin and CRP Levels in COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Behnaz Faranak , Sadeghzadeh Sadat Seyed Ebrahim , Mohseni Gholamreza , Ghasemi Mahshid
Published: June 2024

Background: Today, the COVID19 pandemic is one of the most important health system challenges in the world, which doesn’t have specific treatment yet. It includes a wide range of respiratory and non-respiratory signs and symptoms, that lead to hospitalization and intensive care units.
Methods: In this study, 78 patients in two groups of 39 patients were included. The case group included 39 COVID19 patients who had specified sign in CT scans and factors of viral infection, high serum ferritin, increased inflammatory factor in the blood. There were two intervention groups (receiving deferoxamine and vitamin C) and the control group (receiving only official protocol drugs of the country). All patients were admitted to the ICU of Shohada-e-Tajrish Hospital and underwent complete cardiorespiratory monitoring. All changes in Spo2, hemodynamics, serum ferritin and CRP were recorded before the study.
Results: This study presented that improved patient had lower ferritin levels than those who were still ill. In addition, prescribing deferoxamine as an adjunct to vitamin C can prevent cytokine storms that was effective for improving the patients with COVID19.
Conclusion: In conclusion. According to the role of deferoxamine and vitamin C in significantly reducing inflammatory factors of ferritin and CRP, they can be used as an adjunctive therapy in patients with COVID19.
Assessment of the Impact of Prolonged Cesarean Section on Neonatal PH
Authors: Rahimi-Sharbaf Fatemeh , Golshahi Fatemeh , Ataei Hosseinali , Shirazi Mahbobeh , Sahebdel Behrokh , Yousefi Maryam , Kaheh Majid , Makhzani Parestesh , Momen Akhtar , Feizabad Elham , Gerayeli Maryam
Published: June 2024

Background: Prolonged predelivery time in cesarean-section (C-section) may be associated with worse neonatal outcomes such as lower umbilical cord acid-base profile. This study investigated the association between surgical and anesthetic predelivery time intervals and neonatal acidosis in pregnant women delivering via C-section under spinal anesthesia.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 70 pregnant women candidates for elective cesarean C-section, referred to Yas Hospital.
Results: Umbilical artery pH<7.3 was observed in 27 (38.6%) out of 70 included participants. The study variables including maternal age, hypertension, and gestational diabetes were not associated with umbilical pH level. 1-minute Apgar scores were linearly associated with pH (β: 0.170, 0.100 to 0.239, p-value<0.001). Among all evaluated surgical and anesthetic intervals, induction of spinal anesthesia to delivery (β: -0.008, -0.012 to -0.004, p-value<0.001), and skin incision to uterine incision interval (β: -0.006, -0.009 to -0.002, p-value=0.002) interval time had a significant linear association with PH.
Conclusion: The duration of induction of spinal anesthesia to delivery and skin incision to the uterine incision in non-emergent C-sections is linked to lower neonatal umbilical pH which shows the importance of optimizing the timing of elective C-section surgeries and reducing the risk of neonatal acidosis for obstetricians and anesthesiologists.
Anesthesiologist’s Perspective on a Child with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia undergoing Neurosurgery: Case Report
Authors: Mahajan Shalvi , Kaur Kirandeep , Thappa Priya , Deperu Aparna , Narayanan Vinitha
Published: June 2024

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common hematological malignancy in the pediatric age group. Anesthesia in such patients necessitates special considerations, in terms of disease progression and its respective treatment as well. We present a case of a 2-year-old child, a known case of ALL posted for drainage of multifocal brain abscess under general anesthesia. Anesthetic management of children with ALL presenting for neurosurgical procedures should focus on disease and its various systemic manifestations, treatment-related side effects, and anesthetic interactions which sometimes may be disastrous
One Way for Air, While Great Vessels in Despair!
Authors: Karjigi Deepika , Harvi Prabhu , Shrestha Kajal , R Deekshith D , Shiwali . , Naik Murali
Published: June 2024

The Article Abstract is not available.
Short-Time Anesthesia Management for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Tarbiat Masoud , Bakhshaei Mohammad Hossein , Khorshidi Hamid Reza , Salimbahrami Sayed Ahmadreza
Published: June 2024

The Article Abstract is not available.
New Approaches to Maintain Iran’s Scientific Growth
Authors: Kashani Ladan , Akhondzadeh Shahin
Published: June 2024

The Article Abstract is not available.
Embryo Donation Law in Iran and Some Challenges in Determining the Rights of Donated Children: A Review
Authors: Ghodrati Fatemeh , Tayebi Naeimeh
Published: June 2024

Islamic Republic of Iran has provided a legal framework for embryo transfer so that fertility becomes possible with third party intervention. The use of this method of fertility as well as its effects and rules are subject to cultural, social and religious factors. The brief nature of the embryo donation law indicates the lack of adequate measures for the child’s future. The present study aimed to review the embryo donation law in Iran and some challenges in determining the rights of the child. This study employed a library, descriptive and analytical method and is based on Shia jurisprudence and law books. By using the keywords of “Donation, Alimony, Custody, and Inheritance”, various aspects of the embryo donation law have been investigated. Article 3 of the Embryo Donation Law considers the duties and responsibilities of the couples who donate the embryo and the born child in terms of maintenance, alimony and being mahram[1], similar to the duties and responsibilities of children and parents. However, the important issues of lineage and inheritance are not considered. Neither it elaborates compliance with the principle of confidentiality and the non-identification of the genetic parents, the coercive guardianship of the father, and the prohibition of marriage (being mahram). There is neither enough clarity about the method of evaluating the recipient couple’s moral competence, the limit of the number of gamete donations, alimony, or custody. It is necessary to explain the kinship and genetic inheritance, amend birth certificate registration law, specify the rejection of anonymity to prevent the phenomenon of mixing lineage based on Shia jurisprudence, or to add new materials to this law.
Psychometry of Physician Teaching Motivation Questionnaire at Iran University of Medical Sciences
Authors: Ghasemi Mahdiyeh , Shah-abadi Mehran Ebrahimi , Norouzi Azam , Soltani Arabshahi Seyyed Kamran , Sohrabi Zohreh , Ramezani Ghobad , Pourbairamian Ghadir , Samani Leila Neisani
Published: June 2024

Background: The development of societies relies on the type and manner of activities performed at universities. Professors play a pivotal role in the development of universities and societies. Assessment of professors’ motivation and behavior and factors affecting them can improve the educational system and increase its performance. This study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of the Physician Teaching Motivation Questionnaire (PTMQ) from the viewpoint of clinical professors at Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS).
Methods: This is an instrument psychometric study in which the questionnaire’s validity was determined through the face and content validity and its construct validity through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Reliability was determined through the calculation of Cronbach’s alpha and intraclass correlation coefficient and consistency between agreers. The data were analyzed in SPSS 23 and LISREL 8.8.
Results: The results showed that all 18 items had acceptable content validity (0.68-0.97). The Cronbach’s alpha and intraclass correlation coefficients were 0.81 and 0.86, respectively. The number of items remained unchanged at 18 according to exploratory factor analysis which classified them into six categories (intrinsic motivation, identified motivation, introjected motivation, career motivation, external motivation, and teaching assistant motivation) and explained 54% of the total variance of the mentioned variables. Also, the value of CFI was equal to 0.93 and the value of Cohen’s kappa was between 0.77 and 0.84.
Conclusion: The Persian version of PTMQ is a valid and reliable instrument that can be used for research, educational, and practical purposes to evaluate the teaching motivation of clinical professors in other groups.
Faculty Development Program and the Outcome of Academic Development
Authors: Dabbagh Ali , Ahmadizadeh Seyyedeh Narjes , Behnaz Faranak , Fani Kamal , Ghasemi Mahshid , Goharani Reza , Jahangirifard Alireza , Malekianzadeh Bita , Massoudi Nilofar , Memary Elham , Moshari Mohammad Reza , Sabouri A. Sassan , Salaarian Sara , Sezari Parissa
Published: June 2024

Background: Faculty Development Programs (FDPs) aim to improve the academic careers of faculty members. This study was designed to assess the attitudes of faculty members and the impact of FDP on their academic improvement.
Methods: 12 faculty members took part in the research from 2016 to 2019. Using a Delphi method, an open secure questionnaire was provided to 12 junior faculty members in the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care (DACC), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBMU), Tehran, Iran. Then, the keywords of the latter were analyzed, leading to a 32-item closed-answer questionnaire, filled out by the same participants. Also, the impact of the study was assessed using bibliometric improvement indices.
Results: Both the response rate and participation rate were 100%. Approximately all the participants considered FDP an advantageous and promising academic program. 65 percent of the participants had academic improvement, from “Assistant Professor” to “Associate Professor” rank. Besides, the cumulative number of citations to the participants had a 16.2 times improvement. Both latter results were significantly higher than the mean improvement of the cohort faculty members in the DACC, SBMU.
Conclusion: Faculty members of DACC, SBMU had positive attitudes towards FDP and described it as “a well-designed multilateral academic teamwork, thriving ethical, educational, managerial and research-related capacities”. Also, objective improvement in some academic indices was observed. In many academic environments including developing countries, FDPs are effective scientific investment methods.