bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Citra Perusahaan (Corporate Image) terhadap Loyalitas Nasabah dengan Kepuasan Nasabah sebagai Variabel Intervening pada Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI) Kantor Cabang Pembantu Binjai Sudirman
Authors: Afrilia Ridha , Lestari Annio Indah , Wahyuni Arnida
Published: January 2024

Customer loyalty is an absolute guide for banks to ensure survival in their business, because customer loyalty is the pinnacle of achievement in the banking business. By getting loyal customers, banks are able to create great opportunities to expand their marketing network and maintain the viability of the company. This study aims to determine the effect of corporate image on customer loyalty with customer satisfaction as an intervening variable. This study uses quantitative methods and associative approaches, data collection techniques using questionnaires. The population and sample consisted of 98 customers at BSI KCP Sudirman Binjai using the Side Purposive technique. Data were analyzed by simple linear regression and intervening methods. The results of this study indicate that the Corporate Image Variable has an effect on Customer Loyalty and the Customer Satisfaction Variable is able to strengthen the influence of Corporate Image on Customer Loyalty.
Analisis Model Proporsi Tabarru’ dan Ujrah pada Bisnis Asuransi Jiwa Syariah di Indonesia
Authors: Utama Alfin Yudha
Published: January 2024

This research aims to analyze the Tabarru and Ujrah Proportion Model in the Sharia General Insurance Business in Indonesia, specifically what factors influence the determination of the tabarru' and ujrah proportions and their correlation with financial performance. This research uses a qualitative descriptive research method. The subject of this research is the tabarru and ujrah fund proportion model, while the object of the research is the Sharia General Insurance Company where the full Islamic system is registered on the OJK website. Data analysis techniques are ways or methods of processing and processing data into results or information that are valid and easily understood by the general public, so this research uses data reduction techniques, presenting data and drawing conclusions. The results of the research show 1) Contextual constructs include the construct of claims, crackdown activities, and aspects of company finance that influence the company's financial performance. Claims have a significant effect on the proportion of tabarru' funds. 2) Claims are the rights of sharia insurance participants when they experience a disaster, the funds used in paying claims by sharia insurance companies against participants are obtained from the tabarru' fund pool so that when the claim burden increases it requires a large proportion of tabarru' funds, thus encouraging the company to increase the proportion of tabarru' funds. 3). This research also produced a construct correlation model, namely the claim construct, the company's financial aspects, and crackaful activities which influence the proportion of tabarru' and ujrah along with the proportion of tabarru' ujrah which influences the company's financial performance. This research is able to form a model in determining the proportions of tabarru' and ujrah so that this model can be used as a basic model for subsequent researchers.
Public Values Program Santunan Kematian Bagi Masyarakat Miskin di Kabupaten Bojonegoro
Authors: Handayani Putri , Suprastiyo Ahmad , Suhindarno Heny
Published: January 2024

This research aims to explain the public value of the poor death compensation program in Bojonegoro Regency as perceived by the general public. The Death Compensation Program for the Poor in Bojonegoro Regency is designed to provide assistance to poor heirs whose family members have died as a manifestation of the concern of the Bojonegoro Regency Government. This research uses Mark Moore's public value theory, Legitimacy and Support, Operational Skills, and Substantial Value. This research uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. In this study, a purposive sampling strategy was used to identify informants. Through research it is known that the Death Compensation Program for the Poor in Bojonegoro Regency has received support from the community, from an operational capability perspective supported by quality human resources, technology and finance. In terms of substantial value, it has benefits from economic value, social and social value, and political value. Although there are still several obstacles, especially in terms of data filling by the public and telecommunications networks.
A Study on How to Apply a Model for Hybrid Learning in Korean Language Classes: Focusing on college liberal arts Intermediate Korean listening classes
Authors:   Global Knowledge and Convergence Association, Ahn Hanna
Published: January 2024

In the post-COVID-19 era, hybrid learning has become the order of the day for universities as well, wherein online classes are combined with face-to-face classes in university education. This study proposes an educational method using a hybrid model in the university liberal arts Korean classes for foreign students. The pros and cons of purely online education and hybrid education were first examined, followed by an analysis of the current status of hybrid courses and programs in foreign countries. Based on the analysis, a plan was proposed for application in the university liberal arts Korean language classes. Specifically, a step-by-step teaching/ learning situation was devised by applying the hybrid model to the listening skills class, where foreign students learn Korean. After conducting the class by applying the hybrid model, a questionnaire survey on learners showed that class satisfaction and academic achievement were high. The proposed method of hybrid learning can therefore enable academic Korean learners to achieve more effective learning and satisfaction in Korean language classes.
O marketing verde e sua influência sobre o consumo consciente
Authors: Moreira Milena Crepaldi , Ferreira Marlette Cassia Oliveira , Bizarrias Flavio Santino , Cucato Jussara Da Silva Teixeira , Silva Jussara Goulart Da
Published: January 2024

Objetivo: analisar o comportamento do consumidor no processo de compra de produtos que empregam as estratégias de marketing verde identificando a efetividade das ações ecológicas segundo a percepção destes.
Método: A metodologia utilizada foi uma pesquisa quantitativa, descritiva com amostra por conveniência.
Principais resultados: identifica-se a distância entre o que os jovens pensam e suas verdadeiras ações em relação às questões ambientais.
Relevância/originalidade: A originalidade da pesquisa está no comportamento do consumidor pesquisado, pois apesar de reconhecer a importância do marketing verde nas empresas, em alguns casos o consumidor não entende, na prática, a importância que suas ações individuais para a preservação do meio ambiente, e o quanto seus hábitos de consumo podem influenciar as empresas a aderirem ao desenvolvimento sustentável.
Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas: emprego da escala de comportamento do consumidor ecologicamente consciente – Ecologically Conscious Consumer Behaviour de Straughan e Roberts (1999). 
Contribuições sociais/para a gestão: As contribuições gerenciais e sociais da pesquisa permitem que gestores e profissionais afins se conscientizem da importância da divulgação de suas ações para o desenvolvimento sustentável para criar valor junto ao público consumidor. O poder público pode empregar ações para a conscientização do jovem, que tem a oportunidade de impactar positivamente em seu convívio social e em seu futuro ambiente profissional, adotando hábitos de consumo consciente.
Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MToP) in the 1st trimester – the role of human chorionic gonadotropin and ultrasound in pregnancy diagnosis and MToP follow-up
Authors:   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Palacky University and University Hospital Olomouc, Czech Republic, Dvořák Vladimír , Slunská Petra , Tozzi Maděrková Michaela , Langová Kateřina , Kroutilová Vladimíra , Pilka Radovan , Ľubušký Marek
Published: January 2024

Objective: In the Czech Republic, it is possible, to carry out Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MToP) in the 1st trimester up until the 49th day of secondary amenorrhea. The aim of the study is to analyse the significance of serum/urine human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) assessment and ultrasound (US) examination in pregnancy diagnosis and MToP follow-up. Methods: In 2017–2018, MToP was carried out in a total of 109 women by administering a combination of mifepristone (600 mg orally) and misoprostol (400 mcg orally). Serum/urine (LSUP – low sensitivity urine pregnancy test) hCG assessment and US examination were performed at pregnancy diagnosis and MToP follow-up. Results: At pregnancy diagnosis, there was a positive and medium strong correlation between serum hCG and size of the gestational sac – GS (R = 0.711; P < 0.0001) and crown-rump length of the embryo – CRL (R = 0.605; P < 0.0001). Gestational age was 42–49 days (average 45.6, median 45 days), the women were 16–44 years of age (average 29.4, median 29 years). In MToP follow-up, serum hCG level was > 1,000 IU/L in 13.8% of women (15/109) and a positive LSUP test in 17.4% (20/109). US examination diagnosed ongoing pregnancy in five women and missed abortion in one woman (serum hCG was always > 1,000 IU/L and LSUP test was always positive). In 5.5% of women (6/109), a subsequent surgical intervention was carried out including those with ongoing pregnancy (N = 5); missed abortion (N = 1) was treated by additional misoprostol, where surgical intervention was not necessary. Conclusion: At pregnancy diagnosis, there is a positive and medium strong correlation between serum hCG and CRL. In MToP follow-up, a negative LSUP test enables reliable exclusion of ongoing pregnancy and missed abortion. In case of a positive LSUP test, US examination should be performed; however, surgical intervention should not be indicated solely on the basis of uterine cavity dilatation. Key words: medical termination of pregnancy – 1st trimester – human chorionic gonadotropin – ultrasound
Bevándorló hátterű gyermekek integrálása Cipruson
Authors: Jani-Demetriou Bernadett
Published: January 2024

A tanulmány Ciprus bevándorlási és menekültügyi helyzetét mutatja be, külön kitérve a bevándorló hátterű és/vagy menekült státusszal rendelkező kiskorúak iskolai integrációjára. Ciprus a Földközi-tengeren Európa, Ázsia és Afrika között helyezkedik el, így a nyugati migrációs útvonal egyik első állomásaként nagy számban érkeznek menekültek a szigetre. A ciprusi hatóságok a nagy számú menekültek segítésére számos programot indítottak, illetve folyamatosan keresnek példákat jó gyakorlatokról más országokban is, hogy adaptálhassák azokat a ciprusi helyzetre. A ciprusi állami oktatás sajátossága, hogy görög egynyelvű ugyan, de az oktatás nyelve nem a Cipruson beszélt görög, hanem a görögországi újgörög, amely a görög nyelv sztenderd változata, és számos tényező alapján eltér a ciprusi görögtől. Ezért a ciprusi hatóságok az iskolai integráláshoz általánosan nyújtott segítségként főként a nyelvi fejlesztést célozzák. Ez az eljárás azonban nem ad teljeskörű segítséget a tanulók beilleszkedéséhez. A DRASE program népszerűsége abban rejlik, hogy túllép a nyelvi fejlesztésen, és más jellegű segítséget is nyújt a rászoruló tanulóknak és családjaiknak.
Migrációs hátterű tanulók iskolai és nyelvi integrációja Ausztriában, kitekintéssel az ukrán gyerekek iskolai oktatására
Authors: Csire Márta , Szabó Veronika
Published: January 2024

Tanulmányunkban áttekintést adunk az ausztriai migráció rövid történetéről és aktuális helyzetéről, annak törvényi és intézményi hátteréről. Ezen belül részletesen foglalkozunk az iskolás gyermekek iskolai, nyelvi és kulturális integrációjával. Számos más országhoz hasonlóan az integráció kérdése Ausztriában is elsősorban nyelvközpontú, így kiemelten kezeljük a nyelvi integráció megvalósításának lehetőségeit. Áttekintjük az erre vonatkozó törvényeket és rendeleteket, különös figyelmet szentelve az ukrán gyermekek helyzetének. Az ismertetésen túl a 2018/2019-es tanévtől – elsődlegesen politikai döntés következtében megvalósuló – intézményi gyakorlat (német nyelvi kompetenciát mérő teszt, német felzárkóztató osztályok és kurzusok) hatásáról, valamint az oktatás szereplői és a szakemberek által megfogalmazott kritikákról is szó esik.
Correlation between gynecological tumors and atherosclerotic diseases
Authors: Mulita Francesk , Leivaditis Vasileios , Dimopoulos Platon , Ibra Artemis , Iliopoulos Fotios , Tasios Konstantinos , Pitros Christos , Kaplanis Charalampos , Peteinaris Angelis , Bouchagier Konstantinos , Papadoulas Spyros , Pitiakoudis Michail
Published: January 2024

Gynecological cancer is among the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with malignancies of the ovary, uterus, fallopian tube, cervix, vagina, and vulva making up 10–18% of all cancers diagnosed in women globally. Gynecological cancer and atherosclerosis are two of the most frequent medical entities that afflict women worldwide; thus the possible correlations between them ought to be explored. Vulvar, cervical, vaginal, endometrial, and ovarian cancers have been found to have common points with atherosclerosis regarding their pathogenesis and predisposing factors. Obesity and metabolic syndrome, HPV infection, vitamin D deficiency, and increased telomere length constitute common ground between these two afflictions, which this article aims to analyze.
Pursuit-Evasion Game Modelling In A Graph Using Petri Nets
Authors: Djellal Adel , Mayache Hichem , Lakel Rabah
Published: January 2024

This paper explores Pursuit-Evasion scenarios within game theory, focusing on environments with finite spaces, a limited number of pursuers, and evaders. It introduces a novel approach employing Petri nets to model Pursuit-Evasion in a bidirectional graph. Each area of the environment is represented by a set of places in the Petri net, capturing its specific behavior. Petri nets, known for their efficacy in modeling finite state spaces, are utilized to combine sub-nets representing individual areas. The detailed modeling provides a structured and formal representation of Pursuit-Evasion dynamics, offering a powerful tool to validate search strategies in graph-based pursuit-evasion models and contributing to the broader understanding of game theory and system modeling
Tolstoy’s Genius Explored by Deep Learning using Transformer Architecture
Authors: Guliyev Shahriyar
Published: January 2024

Artificial Narrow Intelligence is in the phase of moving towards the AGN, which will attempt to decide as a human being. We are getting closer to it by each day, but AI actually is indefinite to many, although it is no different than any other set of mathematically defined computer operations in its core. Generating new data from a pre-trained model introduces new challenges to science & technology. In this work, the design of such an architecture from scratch, solving problems, and introducing alternative approaches are what has been conducted. Using a deep thinker, Tolstoy, as an object of study is a source of motivation for the entire research.
Non-Negative Matrix Factorization based Intrusion Detection System for IoT Traffic
Authors: Touzene Abderezak , Farsi Ahmed Al , Zeidi Nasser Al
Published: January 2024

With the emergence of smart devices and the Internet of Things (IoT), millions of users connected to the network produce massive network traffic datasets. These vast datasets of network traffic (Big Data) are challenging to store, deal with and analyse to detect normal or cyber-attack traffic. In this paper we developed an Intrusion Detection System (NMFIDS) based on Non-Negative Matrix Factorization dimension reduction technique to handle the large traffic datasets and efficiently analyses them in order to detect with a good precision the normal and attack traffic. The experiments we conducted on the proposed IDS-NMF give better results than the traditional ML-based intrusion detection systems, we have got an excellent detection accuracy of 98%.
Employing Large Language Models for Dialogue-Based Personalized Needs Extraction in Smart Services
Authors: Nakata Takuya , Chen Sina , Saiki Sachio , Nakamura Masahide
Published: January 2024

Research concerning the personalization of services encompasses approaches such as machine learning and dialogue agents; however, the explainability of the recommendation process remains a challenge. Previous studies have proposed dialogue-based needs extraction systems utilizing the 6W1H need model, but extracting complex needs using simple natural language processing proved challenging. In this research, we embark on the development of an Application Programming Interface (API) that extracts user needs from natural language by leveraging the rapidly advancing Large Language Models (LLM), and on constructing a dialogue-based needs extraction system using this API. For evaluation, we conducted a verification on 100 needs with the aim of assessing the accuracy and comprehensiveness of the outputs from the needs extraction and restoration API. Through this study, it became feasible to extract needs with high accuracy and comprehensiveness from complex natural language using LLM.
Gamified Web Application for Facilitating Zero Carbon Activities by Local Government
Authors: Nagatani Aoi , Watanabe Tasuku , Tarutani Yuya , Kamae Yoshifumi , Sato Shun , Shoda Marin , Nakamura Masahide
Published: January 2024

In recent years, Japan has been actively pursuing the realization of zero carbon cities. However, significant challenges persist, including a lack of effective methods for local governments to communicate zero carbon initiatives to their citizens. This has resulted in limited awareness among citizens about how to participate in zero carbon initiatives. To address these issues, the authors develop a gamified application aimed at promoting zero carbon activities in this research.Through a case study conducted in Sanda City, Hyogo Prefecture in Japan, the authors report the progress of its social implementation.
Laughing Out Loud – Exploring AI-Generated and Human-Generated Humor
Authors: Avetisyan Hayastan , Safikhani Parisa , Broneske David
Published: January 2024

In this study, we conduct a thorough comparative analysis between artificial intelligence (AI)- generated humor and human humor. The objective is to acquire a more profound understanding of AI’s present capabilities in generating humorous text. We investigate the structural, sentiment, and linguistic patterns in jokes created by AI and humans, evaluating ’funniness’ and ’originality’ via a comprehensive annotation process. Our findings indicate that AI can produce humorous and occasionally novel content. Additionally, we employed the RoBERTa model for humor detection on a dataset consisting of 500 entries, including both human and AI-generated humor. This model demonstrated its proficiency in accurately categorizing a large dataset encompassing up to 200,000 entries with remarkable accuracy of up to 98%. Nonetheless, it lacks the emotional depth and originality commonly seen in human humor. The study underscores the challenge involved in developing AI models that can generate humor equivalent to human communication. Future research should focus on enhancing AI’s ability to create humor and further examine AI’s potential to adopt human humor strategies. Despite some limitations, this study contributes significantly to improving the humorous capabilities of AI models and the expandability of AI-generated humor.
An Intelligent Mobile Application to Facilitate Student's Networking using Natural Language Processing Algorithms
Authors: Deng Ruijin , Phan Victor
Published: January 2024

This paper tackles the prevalent problem of students facing resource limitations in pursuing their passions, often dueto the lack of like-minded peers within their school environment. To address this issue, we propose the development of a team-management app that serves as a transformative platform, enabling students to connect with others who share their interests and aspirations [1]. The application contains three components: the team management system, the search system, and the chat system. Throughout the development process, we encountered various challenges, such as ensuring user privacy. Comparative analysis with three alternative solutions demonstrated several notable advantages, including an intuitive and user-friendly interface, granting students full autonomy over their clubs, and being open to all students from diverse club interests. This innovative application has the potential to empower students, foster collaboration, and provide a valuable resource for educational institutions and students alike [2]
Quality Challenges and Imperatives in Smart AI Software
Authors: Khankhoje Rohit
Published: January 2024

In the epoch of pervasive Smart AI applications, ensuring the excellence of software in AI-driven systems is of utmost importance. This article concentrates on deciphering the intricate realm of Smart AI software, with the objective of identifying hurdles in quality assurance and underscoring the necessity for robust solutions.The exploration encompasses diverse facets of challenges, ranging from managing partial training data to addressing ethical concerns regarding algorithm transparency. Technical intricacies, such as testing complexities and model resilience, are deliberated alongside broader societal and ethical considerations, including privacy and user trust. The article advocates for a comprehensive quality assurance framework for Smart AI software, with a focus on its role in guaranteeing safety, dependability, and adherence to regulations. The impact of quality assurance on user experience is also scrutinized, highlighting the interdependent relationship between quality assurance and user satisfaction. By tackling challenges and emphasizing the imperative for effective solutions, this article contributes to the ongoing discourse on responsible development and deployment of Smart AI software. It aspires to advance quality assurance practices in this dynamic technological landscape, promoting the responsible evolution of Smart AI applications.
DNA Sequence Automatic Classification—Learn the Life Language using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Liu Josephine (Hsin) , Liu Phoebe (Yun) , Liu Joseph (Yu) , X. Ding Emily , J. Hou Robert
Published: January 2024

This paper explores the applications of Artificial intelligence (AI) techniques for classifying Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) sequences into their corresponding gene families. The paper focuses on presenting how to treat DNA sequences as a human language to be understood and classified. Specifically, we first transformed the DNA sequences into a more human-like format, then we employed Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Multi-layer perceptron (MLP) algorithms to complete sequence classification into 7 gene families. Our research drew DNA sequence data from three organisms, including humans, dogs, and chimpanzees. Finally, various experiments are conducted to prove the classification performance. In addition, to prove the generalization of this solution, we designed experiments that involved cross-domain testing. These experimental results display not only high accuracy and ef iciency but also intriguing findings in life sciences.
Exploring DAG-Based Architecture as an Alternative to Blockchain for Critical IoT Use Cases
Authors: O Ledesma , M.A Sánchez , P Lamo
Published: January 2024

This paper analyzes the Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG)-based architecture as an alternative to Blockchain technology for critical Internet of Things (IoT) use cases. The speed of transactions and the scalability of Blockchain technology are limitations for critical IoT applications such as vaccine cold chain monitoring. A pilot project has been developed to analyze the speed of the DAG architecture. It simulates monitoring the vaccine cold chain, recording temperatures and alarms. Using the same architecture, two cases with different IoT connectivity technologies in the pilot project are defined: LoRaWAN and Sigfox. The results of these two cases show the comparison between both technologies that show that the DAG architecture can provide the necessary time delays for critical IoT use cases. The main limitation found after the execution of the two cases of the pilot project is related to the need for worldwide coverage of the communications technologies used. For this reason, the study of communications through IoT satellites with global coverage is proposed as future work.
Inhance Deep Customizations in a Multi-tenant SaaS Application using the BPMN
Authors: Ksiksi Amira
Published: January 2024

A multi-tenant application aims to provide a single instance of an application with the capability for each organization to have its own specific functionalities. Recent researches have proved the efficiency of the intrusive and non-intrusive approaches in providing deep customizations. However, deep customizations are still limited to the features provided for each organization. In order to enhance the deep customization, we propose a BPMN-based customizations to provide to each organization the capability to create its own features. such a method requires an administration module to provide to the organization to create forms, scripts and notifications to be integrated in a BPMN workflow’s tasks. Such a method has proved its capability to introduce new functionalities using understandable graphical representations which reduce the need for the vendors’ intervention.
Ética: qual o cenário de pesquisa no Simpósio Brasileiro SBSeg?
Authors: Carvalho Luiz Paulo , Santoro Flávia Maria , Granville Lisandro Zambenedetti , Oliveira Jonice
Published: January 2024

Ethics and Information and Computer Systems Security go hand in hand. Security is related to freedom from risk or the threat of change for the worse and is directly associated with moral values and evaluation. In Brazil, the largest and most important event related to this topic is the Brazilian Symposium on Information and Computational Systems Security (SBSeg) of the Brazilian Computer Society. This paper aims to investigate the occurrence of ethical aspects in SBSeg's. How does ethics explicitly permeate research published in SBSeg between 2001 and 2021? By responding to this research question, the results indicate that the respective Brazilian community is far from dealing with ethical aspects in its scientific communications. We discuss this result, bringing analyzes and interpretations containing concerns, and future work.
Quality assurance and quality control of atmospheric organosulfates measured using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC)
Authors: Liu Ping , Ding Xiang , Zhang Yu-Qing , Bryant Daniel J. , Wang Xin-Ming
Published: January 2024

Abstract. As a crucial constituent of fine particulate matter (PM2.5), secondary organic aerosols (SOA) influence public health, regional air quality, and global climate patterns. This paper highlights the use of Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) which effectively retains strongly polar analytes that might exhibit incomplete or no retention in reverse chromatography, resulting in superior separation efficiency. A HILIC column was used to analyze 7 standards, environmental standards (1648a and 1649b), and samples collected in urban environments in the Pearl River Delta region of Guangzhou. That serve as valuable reference points for evaluating the organic composition of the atmospheric environment. The results indicate a high degree of accuracy in the analytical method, sodium octyl-d17 sulfate serves as the internal standard, with a linear correlation coefficient of the 7 standards, boasting a linear correlation coefficient R ranging from 0.987–0.999 and a slope, k, of the linear equation from 0.9662–2.2927. The instrument detection limit (IDLs) is established at 0.0026–0.0300 μg mL-1, while the method detection limit (MDLs) falls within the range of 0.0077–0.2300 ng m-3, demonstrating the method's exceptional sensitivity. Since isoprene sulphates are highly polar due to containing a hydrophilic bond to the hydroxyl group and a hydrophobic bond to the sulphate, and as such showed strong retention using this method. This technique employs Sodium ethyl sulfate and Sodium octyl sulfate standards for semi-quantitative compound analysis isoprene-derived OSs, the error in sample analysis (EA) ranged from 12.25–95.26 % and the two standards maintaining a consistent recovery rate between 116 %–131 % and 86 %–127 %. These findings indicate a high level of precision when semi-quantifying compounds with similar structural characteristics, affirming the analysis method's minimal relative error and underscoring its repeatability, process stability, and the reliability of its results for isoprene OSs. To enhance the method's reliability assessment, the study analyzed polar organic components of standard particulate matter samples (1648a and 1649b), providing precise determinations of several isoprene OSs using this method. Methyltetrol sulfate (m/z 215) is the highest concentration in the ambient samples, up to 67.33 ng m-3 at daytime. These results serve as valuable reference points for assessing the organic composition of the atmospheric environment.
A near-global multiyear climate data record of the fine-mode and coarse-mode components of atmospheric pure-dust
Authors: Proestakis Emmanouil , Gkikas Antonis , Georgiou Thanasis , Kampouri Anna , Drakaki Eleni , Ryder Claire , Marenco Franco , Marinou Eleni , Amiridis Vassilis
Published: January 2024

Abstract. A new four-dimensional, multiyear, and near-global climate data record of the fine-mode (submicrometer in terms of diameter) and coarse-mode (supermicrometer in terms of diameter) components of atmospheric pure-dust, is presented. The separation of the two modes of dust in detected atmospheric dust layers is based on a combination of (1) the total pure-dust product provided by the well-established European Space Agency (ESA) – “LIdar climatology of Vertical Aerosol Structure” (LIVAS) database and (2) the coarse-mode component of pure-dust provided by the first-step of the two-step POlarization LIdar PHOtometer Networking (POLIPHON) technique, developed in the framework of European Aerosol Research Lidar Network (EARLINET). Accordingly, the fine-mode component of pure-dust is extracted as the residual between the LIVAS total pure-dust and the coarse-mode component of pure-dust. Intermediate steps involve the implementation of regionally-dependent lidar-derived lidar-ratio values and AErosol RObotic NETwork (AERONET) based climatological extinction-to-volume conversion factors, facilitating conversion of dust backscatter into extinction and subsequently extinction into mass concentration. The decoupling scheme is applied to Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) observations at 532 nm. The final products consist of the fine-mode and coarse-mode of atmospheric pure-dust, of quality-assured profiles of backscatter coefficient at 532 nm, extinction coefficient at 532 nm, and mass concentration for each of the two components. The datasets are established primarily with the original L2 horizontal (5 km) and vertical (60 m) resolution of Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) along the CALIPSO orbit-path, and secondly in averaged profiles of seasonal-temporal resolution, 1°×1° spatial resolution, and with the original vertical resolution of CALIPSO, focusing on the latitudinal band extending between 70° S and 70° N and covering more than 15-years of Earth Observation (06/2006–12/2021). The quality of the dust products is justified by using AERONET fine-mode and coarse-mode aerosol optical thickness (AOT) interpolated to 532 nm and AERosol properties – Dust (AER-D) campaign airborne in-situ particle size distributions (PSDs) as reference datasets, during atmospheric conditions characterized by dust presence. The near-global fine-mode and coarse-mode pure-dust climate data record is considered unique with respect to a wide range of potential applications, including climatological, time-series, and trend analysis over extensive geographical domains and temporal periods, validation of atmospheric dust models and reanalysis datasets, assimilation activities, and investigation of the role of airborne dust on radiation and air quality.
Origin and role of non-skeletal carbonate in coralligenous build-ups: new geobiological perspectives in biomineralization processes
Authors: Cipriani Mara , Apollaro Carmine , Basso Daniela , Bazzicalupo Pietro , Bertolino Marco , Bracchi Valentina Alice , Bruno Fabio , Costa Gabriele , Dominici Rocco , Gallo Alessandro , Muzzupappa Maurizio , Rosso Antonietta , Sanfilippo Rossana , Sciuto Francesco , Vespasiano Giovanni , Guido Adriano
Published: January 2024

Abstract. The coralligenous build-ups located on the Mediterranean shelf in front of Marzamemi (SE Sicily, Italy) represent useful natural examples to use in studying the relationship between skeletal organisms and non-skeletal components in marine bioconstructions. Coralligenous build-ups are formed in open marine systems, and their comparison with coeval bioconstructions (biostalactites) of confined environments, like submarine caves, allows depicting the complex interactions between metazoans and microbial communities in the formations of recent bioconstructions in different Mediterranean settings. In this study, two coralligenous build-ups were characterized in terms of organisms and sediments involved in their formation. The framework mainly consists of coralline algae and subordinate bryozoans and serpulids. Sponges affect the general morphology of the bioconstructions both interacting with skeletonized organisms and through bioerosion activity. The micrite or microcrystalline calcite is present in minor amounts compared to other components that form the build-ups and consists of two types: autochthonous (in situ) and allochthonous (detrital). Fine autochthonous micrite mineralized directly inside the framework cavities and shows aphanitic or peloidal fabric, produced by organomineralization processes of soft sponge tissues and microbial metabolic activity, respectively. The detrital micrite occurring inside cavities derives from external sources or erosion processes of the bioconstructions themselves. This component has been classified as organic or inorganic based on the organic matter contents deduced by UV epifluorescence. A great quantity of sponges live in cavities of the coralligenous build-ups and compete with carbonatogenic bacteria for the same cryptic spaces, limiting the production of microbialites. The sharing of a similar relationship between sponges and microbial communities by coralligenous concretion and biotic crusts of particular submarine caves suggests that this competition is not habitat-specific. On the contrary, it may develop in a range of environmental settings, from open to cryptic systems, and could be used to clarify the role of metazoans vs. microbialites in palaeoecological reconstructions.
Monsoon-driven changes in aeolian and fluvial sediment input to the central Red Sea recorded throughout the last 200 000 years
Authors: Ehrmann Werner , Wilson Paul A. , Arz Helge W. , Schulz Hartmut , Schmiedl Gerhard
Published: January 2024

Abstract. Climatic and associated hydrological changes controlled the transport processes and composition of the sediments in the central Red Sea during the last ca. 200 kyr. Three different source areas for mineral dust are identified. The dominant source is located in the eastern Sahara (Sudan and southernmost Egypt). We identify its imprint on Red Sea sediments by high smectite and Ti contents, low 87Sr / 86Sr, and high εNd. The availability of deflatable sediments was controlled by the intensity of tropical rainfall and vegetation cover over North Africa linked to the African monsoon. Intense dust input to the Red Sea occurred during arid phases, and low input occurred during humid phases. A second, less significant source indicated by palygorskite input is probably located on the eastern Arabian Peninsula and/or Mesopotamia, while the presence of kaolinite suggests an additional minor dust source in northern Egypt. Our grain size data reflect episodes of fluvial sediment discharge to the central Red Sea and document the variable strength in response to all of the precession-paced insolation maxima during our study interval including both those that were strong enough to trigger sapropel formation in the eastern Mediterranean Sea and those that were not. The African humid period most strongly expressed in our Red Sea record was the one during the Eemian last interglacial at ca. 125 ka (when the Baraka River was far more active than today), followed by those at 198, 108, 84, and 6 ka.
Exploring the causes of multicentury pluvials in the Altiplano with a climate modelling experiment
Authors: Jara Ignacio A. , Astudillo Orlando , Salinas Pablo , Torrez-Rodriguez Limbert , Lampe Nicolás , Maldonado Antonio
Published: January 2024

Abstract. Proxy records have long documented the existence of multicentury hydroclimate anomalies in the Altiplano of South America. However, the causes and mechanisms of these events are still largely unknown. Here we present the results of an innovative climate modelling experiment that explores the oceanic drivers and atmospheric mechanisms conducive to long-term precipitation variability in the southern part of the Altiplano (18–25° S). For doing so, we performed 100-yr-long hydroclimate simulations using a regional climate model forced by climatological conditions that resulted in pluvial December-January-February (DJF) seasons during historical times. Our modelling simulations produce long-term negative DJF precipitation trends for the southern Altiplano, suggesting that the mechanisms leading to historical wet summers are unable to sustain century-scale pluvials such as the ones documented in paleoclimate records. Our simulations show that permanent La Niña conditions, as well as SSTs anomalies in the southern tropical Atlantic, progressively reinforce upper and lower-troposphere features that inhibit moisture transport towards the Altiplano. We further observed increases in March-April-May precipitation, suggesting the emergence of a long-term seasonal shift. Our simulations reproduce a sustained northward migration of the Atlantic trade winds, resulting in contrasting hydroclimate responses between the Altiplano and the tropical Andes. The atmospheric processes associated with these differences provide a useful analogue for explaining divergences in proxy records. Our study shows how regional climate modelling can be used to test paleoclimate hypothesis, emphasizing the necessity of combining proxy and modelling data to improve our understanding of long-term hydroclimate change.
Post-depositional modification on seasonal-to-interannual timescales alters the deuterium excess signals in summer snow layers in Greenland
Authors: Town Michael , Steen-Larsen Hans Christian , Wahl Sonja , Faber Anne-Katrine , Behrens Melanie , Jones Tyler , Sveinbjornsdottir Arny
Published: January 2024

Abstract. We document the isotopic evolution of near-surface snow at the EastGRIP ice core site in the Northeast Greenland National Park using a time-resolved array of 1-m deep isotope (δ18O, δD) profiles. The snow profiles were taken from May–August during the 2017–2019 summer seasons. An age-depth model was developed and applied to each profile mitigating the impacts of stratigraphic noise on isotope signals. Significant changes in deuterium excess (d) are observed in surface snow and near-surface snow as the snow ages. Decreases in d of up to 5 ‰ occurs during summer seasons after deposition during two of the three summer seasons observed. The d always experiences a 3–5 ‰ increase in d after aging one year in the snow due to a broadening of the autumn d maximum. Models of idealized scenarios coupled with prior work (Wahl et al., 2022) indicate that the summertime post-depostional changes in d (Δd) can be explained with surface sublimation, forced ventilation of the near-surface snow down to 20–30 cm, and isotope-gradient-driven (IGD) diffusion throughout the column. The interannual Δd is also partly explained with IGD diffusion, but other mechanisms are at work that leave a bias in the d record. Thus, d does not just carry information about source region conditions and transport history as is commonly assumed, but also integrates local conditions into summer snow layers as the snow ages. Finally, we observe a dramatic increase in the seasonal isotope-to-temperature sensitivity occurs, which can be explained solely by IGD diffusion. Our results are dependent on the site characteristics (e.g. wind, temperature, accumulation rate), but indicate that more process-based research is necessary to understand water isotopes as climate proxies. Recommendations for monitoring and physical modeling are given, with special attention to the d parameter.
Brief communication: Identification of 140,000-year-old blue ice in Grove Mountains, East Antarctica, by krypton-81 dating
Authors: Hu Zhengyi , Jiang Wei , Yan Yuzhen , Huang Yan , Tang Xueyuan , Li Lin , Ritterbusch Florian , Yang Guo-Min , Lu Zheng-Tian , Shi Guitao
Published: January 2024

Abstract. The presence of exceptionally old ice and the relative ease of access make Antarctic blue ice areas (BIAs) attractive paleoclimate archives. However, only a handful of BIAs, mostly situated in West Antarctica and along the Trans-Antarctic Mountains, have been investigated for this purpose. Here, we present the age of surface ice from the Grove Mountains BIA in Elizabeth Princess Land, East Antarctica, determined by measuring 81Kr in the trapped air. Two samples yield an average age of 143+33-29 kyr. Together with the reported terrestrial age of a chondrite, we conclude that Grove Mountains BIA holds considerable potentials for paleoclimate studies.
Spatio-temporal patterns and trends of streamflow in water-scarce Mediterranean basins
Authors: Estrada Laia , Garcia Xavier , Saló Joan , Marcé Rafael , Munné Antoni , Acuña Vicenç
Published: January 2024

Abstract. The issue of water scarcity, exacerbated by climate change and demographic increase, has become a growing concern in many regions throughout the world. Understanding hydrological behaviour to promote resilient and sustainable water management is paramount. Hydrological models that integrate natural processes and anthropogenic alterations of the basin’s hydrology are a powerful tool to support decision-making. We developed a SWAT+ hydrological model including stakeholder expert knowledge on water management and introducing a novel calibration and validation approach suitable for heterogeneous basins in space and / or time. We also assessed spatio-temporal patterns and trends of streamflow during the first two decades of the 21st century in the Catalan River Basin District, in the western Mediterranean, using a wide variety of indicators to fully characterize the hydrological regime. We calibrated and validated the model using data from 50 gauging stations, verifying the usefulness of the new calibration and validation strategy. Co-development with stakeholders and the integration of expert knowledge, most notably on reservoir operations, helped improve model performance. Results revealed a generalized streamflow reduction, as well as increased dominance of streamflow flashiness and zero-flows recurrence. We also observed differences in seasonal trends, with autumn being the most affected season. These results provide insights into how climate change and anthropogenic pressures are going to keep affecting water resources availability in the future, thus raising the need for sustainable management practices in the Catalan River Basin District, as well as other regions vulnerable to water scarcity.
On the importance of middle atmosphere observations on ionospheric dynamics using WACCM-X and SAMI3
Authors: Sassi Fabrizio , Burrell Angeline , McDonald Sarah , Tate Jennifer , McCormack John
Published: January 2024

Abstract. Recent advances in atmospheric observations and modelling have enabled the investigation of thermosphere-ionosphere interactions as a whole atmosphere problem. This study examines how dynamical variability in the middle atmosphere (MA) affects day-to-day changes in the thermosphere and ionosphere. Specifically, this study investigates ionosphere-thermosphere interactions during different time periods of January 2013 using the Specified Dynamics Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model, eXtended version (WACCM-X) coupled to the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) ionosphere of the Sami3 is Another Model of the Ionosphere (SAMI3) model. To represent the weather of the day, the coupled thermosphere-ionosphere system is nudged below 90 km toward the atmospheric specifications provided by the Navy Global Environmental Model for High-Altitude (NAVGEM-HA). Hindcast simulations during January 2013 are carried out with the full data set of observations normally assimilated by NAVGEM-HA, and with a degraded dataset where observations above 40 km are not assimilated. Ionospheric regions with statistically significant changes are identified using key ionospheric properties, including the electron density, peak electron density, and height of the peak electron density. Ionospheric changes show a spatial structure that illustrates the impact of two different types of coupling between the thermosphere and the ionosphere: wind-dynamo coupling through electric conductivity and ion-neutral interactions in the upper thermosphere. The two simulations presented in this study show that changing the state of the MA affects ionosphere-thermosphere coupling through changes in the behavior and amplitude of non-migrating tides, resulting in improved key ionospheric specifications.
Internal and forced ocean variability in the Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Benincasa Roberta , Liguori Giovanni , Pinardi Nadia , von Storch Hans
Published: January 2024

Abstract. Two types of variability are discernible in the ocean: a response to the atmospheric forcing and the so-called internal/intrinsic ocean variability, which is associated with internal instabilities, nonlinearities and the interactions between processes at different scales. Producing an ensemble of 20 multi-year ocean simulations of the Mediterranean Sea, initialized with realistic initial conditions, but using the same atmospheric forcing, the study examines the intrinsic variability in terms of its spatial distribution and seasonality. In general, the importance of the external forcing decreases with depth but dominates in extended shelves such as the Adriatic Sea and the Gulf of Gabes. In the case of temperature, the atmospheric forcing plays a major role in the uppermost 50 m of the water column during summer and the uppermost 100 m during winter. Additionally, intrinsic variability displays a distinct seasonal cycle in the surface layers, with a prominent maximum at around 30 m depth during the summer probably connected to the summer thermocline formation processes. Concerning current velocity, the internal variability has a significant influence at all depths.