bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPACTOS DO RACISMO ESTRUTURAL NO ENSINO CONTÍNUO DA POPULAÇÃO NEGRA: UMA ANÁLISE DO NORTE DE MINAS GERAIS
Authors: Daniel Rodrigues de Oliveira Carlos , Carlos Santos Marques Samuel , De Carvalho Alves Rahyan
Published: September 2021

O racismo estrutural exposto como a manutenção de ações racistas cotidianas que tornam normais a inferioridade, agressões policiais, baixo índice educacional entre outras diversas mazelas sofridas pela população negra. Na América Latina essa condição parte do período da colonização, e foi sendo estruturada nas diversas mudanças de nossa estrutura política e social, levando a essa condição atual onde se torna banal a morte constante de crianças e adolescentes negros nas favelas brasileiras e sua baixa perspectiva de futuro educacional e profissional acentuando nossos índices de criminalidade. Buscou-se nesse artigo analisar o contexto teórico referente ao racismo estrutural e por meio dos dados do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE), Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais (INEP), entre outros visando aprofundar uma discussão mais detalhada sobre a desigualdade racial, evasão escolar e abandono, dando origem a produção de tabelas e mapas que sustentam a teoria de desigualdade racial. Dados das organizações brasileiras corroboram com a hipótese de que a população negra, representa mais da metade dos alunos que abandonam os estudos nas séries iniciais e finais de ensino, por motivos relacionados à renda,  falta de interesse na conclusão dos estudos e gravidez na adolescência, na perspectiva de analise onde correlacionamos esses fatores ao racismo estrutural, pontuamos que a teoria se confirma com esses dados quando notamos a normalização dessa condição desigual para a população negra tanto no viés do abandono escolar, quanto em questões relacionadas ao analfabetismo, violência e falta de representação política.
LITERATURA NEGRA INFANTIL COMO PRÁTICA ANTIRRACISTA NAS AULAS DE GEOGRAFIA
Authors: De Ávila Melo Sampaio Adriany , Flávia Borges de Oliveira Ana
Published: September 2021

Este artigo tem como intenção aproximar o Ensino de Geografia com a Literatura Negra Infantil como forma de aplicabilidade da Lei 10639/2003 na sala de aula. A Lei 10639/2003 estabelece a obrigatoriedade da História e Cultura da África e Afro-brasileira nos sistemas de ensino, reconhecendo a importância do combate ao racismo, com lutas e ações afirmativas e positivas para a construção de uma educação antirracista no ambiente escolar. Como prática de ensino no combate à discriminação racial, a Literatura Negra juntamente com a Geografia trabalha de maneira lúdica os conteúdos geográficos, ressaltando assim, a importância da interdisciplinaridade entre as disciplinas. O uso de diferentes linguagens nas aulas de Geografia mostra a necessidade de trocas e cooperação entre disciplinas distintas para que obtenham uma compreensão mais ampla da realidade, desconstruindo o modo tradicional de ensinar os aspectos geográficos, sendo capaz de aproximar e atrair o interesse dos alunos pela Geografia, como também desenvolver a leitura e agir de forma crítica para às questões étnico-raciais.
RAIZ DO RACISMO: DESIGUALDADE DE DIREITO
Authors: Carlos Freire Sampaio Antônio , Aparecida de Andrade Souza Palmira
Published: September 2021

O presente estudo propõe uma reflexão sobre a Raiz do Racismo no Brasil pelo viés da desigualdade de direito entre negro e branco. Trazem alguns elementos e passagem histórica vivenciada pelos afros no período Colonial, Império, República. Como sabemos não foi uma relação de justiça, igualdade de direito, respeito à pessoa humana. Dentro de um processo de produção econômica, que envolveu várias etnias tais como, o branco, negro, índio, asiático. É possível observar, por meio de estudos e vivencia, que é uma memória de conflito, dor, mágoa, fata de justiça igualitária. E um Estado racista no sentido que sempre serviu e aliaram-se às classes dominantes. O racismo, no país escravocrata, é estrutural e ao longo de muitos anos gerações vêm convivendo com a violência ideológica, física, psicologia praticada não só com a raça negra, mas com índios, mestiços, ciganos entre outros. Para os subjugados são lembranças que se relacionam com o passado e o presente, não resolvidas. Situação melindre atualmente, por ter feito parte de uma estrutura, muitos termos, palavras utilizadas passam despercebidos para quem usa sem propriedade, conhecimento de causa, mas para a vítima impacta de maneira irreparável, fere a alma. A referência que os identifica é exclusão, cerceamento de ambas as naturezas, em vários espaços e tempos. A fonte de pesquisa é bibliográfica e em documentos oficiais como Leis, entre outros. Sustentar a argumentação teórica em escritos de Cardoso (1997) e Reis (2005) que pesquisa sobre a questão racial no país, discute a história de africanos, descendentes, crioula, libertos no processo escravocrata. A intenção é trazer uma reflexão sobre elementos na trajetória vivenciada por pessoas negras, para compreender a raiz do racismo.
Risk Identification and Prediction for COVID-19 Mortality
Authors: Shao Qin , Nguyen Hanh
Published: September 2021

This paper studies several key metrics for COVID-19 using a public surveillance system data set. It compares the difference between two case fatality rates: the naive case fatality rate, which has been frequently mentioned in media outlets, and one which is the sample estimate for the mortality rate. A logistic regression model is applied to modeling the daily mortality rate. The conclusion is that time, gender, age and some of their interactions, appear to have a significant impact on the mortality rate; the daily mortality rate has been decreasing since the outbreak; males older than 60 has been the most vulnerable group. The receiver operating characteristics curve and the curve under the area show that the proposed logistic model is capable of predicting the outcome of a reported case with accuracy as high as 89%. These findings are helpful in assessing the magnitude of the risk posed by the COVID-19 virus to certain groups, predicting outcome severity, and optimally allocating medical resources such as intensive care units and ventilators.
Adapting Qualitative Methods during the COVID-19 Era: Factors to Consider for Successful Use of Online Photovoice
Authors: Rania Nadia , Coppola Ilaria , Pinna Laura
Published: September 2021

The pandemic has led researchers to adapt their research methods to the social distance imposed to combat COVID-19. Technology created many difficulties in reaching certain population targets, however it was often the only way during the lockdown to do more research. Both quantitative and qualitative researchers made use of remote data collection methods that allowed researchers to mitigate the challenges of physical distancing and improve the researchers' toolbox. This paper aims to highlight the factors to consider for successful use of online Photovoice. The participatory action research project involved 130 young adults who took part in a Photovoice online activity with the theme "Living with COVID-19: practical and emotional aspects". We present analysis of the online Photovoice process, giving voice to the participants; they reflected on the proposed technique, through individual reflective practices and they have highlighted the relevant group dynamics with a group reflection. The data collected were analyzed, on the basis of grounded theory, with NVivo 12 software. Functional factors and factors to considerer for a successful use of on-line Photovoice are discussed. This project has allowed the creation of new social networks, a space for reflection and activation for individual and community empowerment.
What is in it for me? Challenges Associated with Recruiting Participants for a Study Focusing on Informal Workers: A Reflection from Fieldwork Conducted in Nigeria
Authors: Afolabi Funmilayo
Published: September 2021

This article presents the challenges a social scientist can encounter in studying workers in an informal sector. It is written from a doctoral researcher's perspective and draws on her fieldwork experience among informal automobile artisans in Osun State, Nigeria. The paper intends to share insights into navigating the challenges in conducting social inquiry among workers in the informal sector for fruitful outcomes. Particular attention is paid to some of the more common challenges researchers may encounter when conducting research in the informal sector. These challenges include project entry, participant recruitment, and retention. This article concludes with suggestions which researchers can use to study informal workers, especially in developing countries.
Estrategias públicas universitarias en Latinoamérica durante la pandemia de la COVID-19
Authors: Hidalgo-Benites Lilliam E. , Polo Del Toro Javier E. , Gálvez-Hidalgo Gema P. , Polo-Maldonado Eliana M.
Published: September 2021

La pandemia de la COVID-19 determinó la suspensión de clases y el cierre de los locales de las universidades para evitar el contagio y muerte de docentes y estudiantes, y obligó a los gobiernos de los países a implementar medidas rápidas que permitieran la adaptación de los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje a la educación remota. Finalizado el 2020, se considera necesario cumplir con el objetivo de analizar las estrategias que se implementaron, sus resultados y determinar así los retos futuros que deberán enfrentar los gobiernos de cara a la realidad. Para ello, se consideró aplicar una metodología de investigación cualitativa, de análisis de contenido documental en una muestra de 28 textos que tratan sobre el tema; algunos de ellos fueron de investigación y otros, documentos de naturaleza legal de tres países seleccionados: Perú, Colombia y Chile. Se establecieron cinco categorías de análisis para ordenar los resultados, los cuales evidenciaron que los tres países pusieron en práctica estrategias educativas similares, como son: adoptar la educación a distancia virtual utilizando plataformas virtuales como entornos de aprendizaje, capacitación de docentes y estudiantes en competencias digitales y distribución de tablets y celulares con servicio de Internet a los estudiantes, entre otras.
Síntese, caracterização e estabilidade de nanopartículas de magnetita
Authors: Coltro Monise Cristina Ribeiro Casanova , Fonseca-Zang Warde Antonieta da , Zang Joachim Werner , Sousa Danilo César Silva e
Published: September 2021

Nanopartículas de ferro são muito utilizadas em diversas áreas de pesquisa. O elemento químico ferro (Fe), sendo o quarto elemento mais abundante na crosta terrestre, e a substância mineral magnetita, com propriedade magnética, apresentam aplicações nas áreas industrial, ambiental, biomédica e de novas tecnologias. Este trabalho apresenta processo de síntese de nanopartículas partindo-se de sais precursores, bem como a caracterização dos produtos e as rotas para estabilizá-los. Os sais químicos precursores utilizados foram o cloreto férrico (FeCl3) e o sulfato ferroso (FeSO4) na proporção de 2:1, sob agitação por ultrassom e pH ácido. Para formação do precipitado de nanopartículas usou-se solução aquosa de hidróxido de sódio (NaOH) de pH 12. A difratometria de raio-X, mostra a presença de magnetita (Fe3O4) indicada pelos picos característicos de difração em graus 2Ө = 18° (largo), 31° (fino), 36° (bem definido), 43,4°, 45°, 53,6°, 57,7°, 63,3°. A microscopia eletrônica de transmissão mostra a morfologia dos produtos da síntese. Fatores que influenciam a estabilidade das partículas são agitação, o ajuste de pH, condições de secagem. O tamanho médio das nanopartículas de magnetitas é de aproximadamente 15 nm.

 

Iron nanoparticles are widely used in several research areas. The chemical element iron (Fe), being the fourth most abundant element in the earth's crust, and the mineral substance magnetite, with magnetic properties, have applications in industrial, environmental, biomedical, and new technology areas. This work presents the process of synthesis of nanoparticles starting from precursor salts, as well as the characterization of the products and the routes to stabilize them. The precursor chemical salts were ferric chloride (FeCl3) and ferrous sulfate (FeSO4) in a 2:1 ratio, under ultrasound agitation and acidic pH. For the nanoparticles growth was applied aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) at pH 12. X-ray diffraction shows the presence of magnetite (Fe3O4) indicated by characteristic diffraction peaks in degrees 2Ө = 18° (wide), 31° (fine), 36° (well defined), 43.4°, 45°, 53.6°, 57.7°, 63.3°. Scanning electron microscopy shows the morphology of the synthesis products. Factors that influence the stability of the particles are agitation, the pH adjustment, and the conditions of drying. The average size of the magnetite nanoparticles is approximately 15 nm.
Para uma “Animação Patrística” da Pastoral
Authors: Araújo Fábio Magno de Castro , Correia Luiz Cláudio Moraes
Published: September 2021

Pensar nossas práticas pastorais, inclusive nos chamados Círculos Bíblicos, tão presentes em nossas paróquias e ambientes eclesiais diversos, leva-nos a constatar uma experiência por vezes pouco permeada do autêntico conteúdo das verdades da fé cristã, estas tão vivamente ensinadas pelos Padres da Igreja, homens de grande conhecimento teológico, em seus diversos textos trazidos a nós pela Tradição cristã. Assim, o presente artigo nos leva a refletir sobre a importância de, conhecendo os valiosos e profícuos escritos patrísticos, melhor podermos desenvolver nossa ação pastoral nas diversas comunidades, as quais muito seriam enriquecidas com o que esses sábios escritores nos deixaram em seus escritos. Vê-se, desta forma, que poderíamos falar de uma verdadeira “animação patrística” da Pastoral, pois a sabedoria milenar dos Padres da Igreja se torna bastante atual e estaria sendo vivenciada em nossos círculos de evangelização. O patrimônio teológico, espiritual e pastoral destes autores serve para bem fundamentar certas questões do cotidiano e para levar sabedoria e renovação, com novo ardor cristão, à atividade missionária da Igreja.
External Debt Management and Economic Development in Nigeria
Authors: Obinne Ugwuanyi, Geogina , Wilfred, N.J Ugwuanyi, , Okon Efanga, Udeme , Chilasa Agbaeze, Clifford
Published: September 2021

This study empirically analyzed external debt management and economic development in Nigeria. The data employed in this study were collected from the CBN statistical bulletin annual report. The study employed Real Gross Domestic Product as the independent variable, while External Debt service, Balance of Payment, External Debt, and Exchange Rate were used as independent variables. The estimation technique employed in this study was Ordinary least squares (OLS) multiple regression method. The findings of this study revealed that external debt management recorded a positive and significant impact on economic development in Nigeria over review period. The study recommended that government of Nigeria should strike a balance between the acquisition of external debt and usage of same for projects that will culminate to enhancement of economic growth and development in Nigeria.
The Effect of Crude Oil Price on Merchandise Trade: Evidence from East Asia and Pacific
Authors: Artha Bhenu , Bahri  , Asri Cahya Purnama , Khairi Ardhi , Alamsyah Fikri
Published: September 2021

One of the most important production inputs is energy, particularly crude oil. The impacts of oil price fluctuations on global trade flows can be understood by the uncertainty channel, fluctuations in oil prices may create uncertainty about the future path of the oil price, causing consumers to postpone irreversible purchases of consumer durable goods, and also causing firms to postpone irreversible investments, and also recent hikes and fluctuations in oil prices since 1999 have attracted attention and invoked concerns about their devastating effects on a variety of economic activities. The objective of this research is to determine the influence of crude oil price to merchandise trade in East Asia and Pacific. This research uses quantitative methods and linear regression analysis. The results of the analysis show that there is negative and significance effect of crude oil price on merchandise trade in East Asia and Pacific for the period 1987 – 2019.
Estimation and Investigation of Geopotential and Scale heights over Iseyin, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Physics, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria, Akpootu D. O.
Published: September 2021

In this study, the monthly averaged daily mean temperature, relative humidity and surface pressure data obtained from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) during the period of thirty eight (1979 – 2016) years were used to estimate the monthly variation of geopotential and scale heights for Iseyin located in the South Western region of Nigeria. The variations of geopotential and scale heights with the meteorological parameters were investigated. The results revealed that the highest and lowest values of geopotential height were found in the months of March and July with 194.2424 m and 157.3922 m respectively while the highest and lowest values of scale height were found in the months of March and August with 8.8946×〖10〗^3 m and 8.7825×〖10〗^3 m respectively. Furthermore, it is obvious that high values of geopotential height were recorded during the dry season and low values during the rainy season; the scale height shows almost close observation. The variation of geopotential and scale heights with mean temperature depicts a direct relationship while the variation of geopotential and scale heights with atmospheric pressure depicts an inverse relationship. In addition, the variation of geopotential and scale heights with relative humidity shows that an almost opposite pattern of variation was observed in the months from May to October.
LA VINCULACIÓN CON LA SOCIEDAD DE LA UNESUM Y SU APORTE EN LOS ESCENARIOS CAFETALEROS DE JIPIJAPA, PERIODO 2016 – 2018
Authors: Fuentes Figueroa Tomas Robert , Delgado Pinargote Kevin José , Merchán García William Ausberto , Valverde Jalca Diana , Valverde Lucio Yhony Alfredo
Published: September 2021

La vinculación con la sociedad en la Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí, a través de la ejecución de proyectos de servicios comunitarios, propicia generar impacto social y productivo sostenible, a fin de impulsar el desarrollo en los escenarios sociales permanentes identificados en el territorio. Los escenarios cafetaleros, son la integración de varias familias caficultoras ubicadas en el área rural del cantón Jipijapa, cuyas pequeñas fincas (UPAs) se caracterizan por su diversificación productiva, teniendo al cultivo de café como la actividad económica más importante. La investigación tuvo como objetivo general, el determinar el impacto de la vinculación con la sociedad en los escenarios cafetaleros de la UNESUM durante el periodo 2016-2018. Se aplicó un enfoque metodológico cuantitativo y cualitativo de carácter descriptivo e inferencial, la información de sustento fue de fuentes primarias y secundarias, que oportunamente fue emitida por los caficultores al responder encuestas en los tiempos señalados. Los datos no presentaron distribución normal, lo que dio lugar  a la aplicación de estadística no paramétrica, aplicando la prueba de U Mann Whitney cuyo p valor < 0,01, definió diferencias altamente significativas, deduciendo que la intervención de la UNESUM por medio del proyecto de investigación, si insidio en el incremento productivo de los caficultores involucrados; el incremento productivo en el periodo de estudio, a nivel agrícola representó un incremento del 292,2 %; se considera diversos productos agrícolas, entre los que destacan el plátano, maíz, naranja, además del café, este último rubro tiene un incremento del de 288,46 %.
MANUAL PARA PREVENIR LA DEPRESIÓN EN LOS ESTUDIANTES DE LA UNIVERSIDAD DEL ADULTO MAYOR
Authors: Blanco Figueredo Caridad Isora , Sol Victortes María Elena , Zamora Pérez Mario
Published: September 2021

El presente manual consiste en una intervención grupal utilizada para prevenir la depresión y desmotivación en los estudiantes del adulto mayor del CUM Niquero. Teniendo en cuenta los beneficios que proporciona el trabajo con ellos, los profesores que atendemos a este grupo, nos apoyamos en el manual cognitivo conductual para fomentar un espacio de seguridad y confianza que propicie la actividad grupal en los mismos. El manual cuenta con ocho sesiones de trabajo, desglosada de la siguiente forma: una inicial, seis sesiones temáticas y una sesión final, en cada una de ellas se especifican actividades dirigidas al pensamiento como proceso cognitivo y los estados de ánimo en dicho estudiantes.
Prolonged occupation: An analysis of obligations of the occupying powers in an occupied territory and contemporary challenges
Authors: Arif Sardar M. A. W. K.
Published: September 2021

The International Law of Occupation (ILOC) regulates all kinds of occupation. However, the other bodies of law, such as, International Humanitarian Law (IHL) and International Human Rights Law (IHRL) also apply in times of occupation. These bodies of law create obligations especially on states and in particular, on the occupying powers. The presumption is that occupations are temporary in nature but why prolonged occupations? In this context, this article focuses on legal aspects of belligerent prolonged occupation. It evaluates the international legal framework and sources of belligerent prolonged occupation. While protection of civilians is central to the bulk of texts of international treaties and the occupiers have obligations, it investigates into obligations of the occupying powers in occupied territory by analysing the existing legal framework under IHL and IHRL. Further, it also discusses the provisions of ILOC. The argument developed throughout this article is that the occupying powers are under humanitarian and human rights obligations to guarantee the best possible protection of rights of occupied people in the case of prolonged occupation in particular and adding on that IHL and IHRL apply in complementarity in situations of prolonged occupation. For the purpose of this article, qualitative method is followed, and existing literature on the subject has been analysed.
Comparison of subtalar mobilization with conventional physiotherapy treatment for the management of planter fasciitis
Authors: Muhammad Kashif  , Abdulaziz Aoudh Albalwi  , Ahmed Abdullah Alharbi  , Humaira Iram  , Nosheen Manzoor
Published: September 2021

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of subtalar mobilization with movement (Mulligan technique) with conventional physiotherapy treatment for the management of planter fasciitis.
Material and Methods: A single blinded randomized trial was conducted at the Prime Care Hospital, Faisalabad, Pakistan from January 2017 to August 2017. Sixty Participants were divided into intervention and control groups through a computerized random numbers. Intervention group was treated with subtalar mobilization with movement (Mulligan technique), and control group was given conventional physiotherapy for three-weeks. SPSS 20 was used for data analysis.
 
Results: The mean age of the participants in the intervention group was 32.40 ± 8.02 years and the control group 32.59 ± 7.00 years. The mean BMI in intervention and control groups was 25.35 and 25.67, respectively. The result of our study showed that there were significant differences (P-value <0.05) between the VAS values before and after the intervention in the 3rd week between the intervention and the control group. Moreover, the intervention group showed more reduction in disability (p=0.03) compared to the control group.
 
Conclusion: Our study concluded both methods to demonstrate benefits. However, Subtalar mobilization with movement (Mulligan technique) plus rigid tapping reduced pain and disability more effectively than conventional physiotherapy plus rigid tapping in patients with planter fasciitis. All protocols for this clinical study were registered with WHO recognized Clinical Trial Registry, with the registration number RCT20200221046567N2.
 Key Words: Heel pain, plantar fasciitis, physiotherapy, mobilization, mulligan technique, taping.
Efektivitas Penerapan Metode Drill Dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Membaca Siswa Di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Miftahul Ulum Desa Karangsari Kecamatan Weru Kabupaten Cirebon
Authors: Eni Eni , Prayitno Agus
Published: September 2021

The ability to read is a very basic ability. But in fact the ability to read students in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) there are some who have not reached the target. This needs to be improved so that students can read fluently effectively using the Drill Method. This study aims to look at the Effectiveness of the Application of the Drill Method in Improving Students' Reading Ability. The research method used is a quantitative method Experiment with the type of Classical experimental design. Data analysis technique is to test the requirements of the analysis performed with the Data Normality Test. The results of this study are: 1) The drill method is an effective way to improve reading skills; 2) Class 1A students who do not use the drill method are less capable in reading skills. The average reading level is 7.19, the median is 7.17, the mode is 7.00, while the minimum and maximum values ​​are 6.00 and 8.00 with a total reading ability of 215.61; 3) Students in class 1 B get an average reading ability of 7.55, a median of 7.83 mode 8.00 while minimum and maximum scores of 6.50 and 8.50 with a total number of pretests of 241.51; 4) Effectiveness in learning to read, can be seen with an increasing percentage in each reading exercise; 5) The difference in reading ability between the control class and the experimental class is that the overall average is 25,9.

Keywords: effectiveness; drill method; reading.

Abstrak

Kemampuan membaca merupakan kemampuan yang sangat mendasar. Namun kenyataanya kemampuan membaca peserta didik di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) terdapat beberapa yang belum mencapai target. Hal ini perlu diperbaiki agar peserta didik dapat membaca dengan lancar secara efektif menggunakan Metode Drill. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat Efektivitas Penerapan Metode Drill Dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Membaca Siswa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode kuantitatif Experimen dengan jenis Classical experimen design. Teknik analisis data yaitu dengan pengujian persyaratan analisis yang dilakukan dengan Uji Normalitas data. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu : 1) Metode drill merupakan cara yang efektif dalam meningkatkan kemampuan membaca; 2) Siswa Kelas 1A yang tidak menggunakan metode drill kurang cakap dalam kemampuan membaca. Tingkat kemampuan membacanya rata-rata sebesar 7,19, median 7,17, modus 7,00, sementara nilai minimal dan maksimal sebesar 6,00  dan 8,00 dengan jumlah total kemampuan membaca sebesar 215,61; 3) Siswa kelas 1 B memperoleh nilai rata-rata kemampuan membaca sebesar 7,55, median 7,83 modus 8,00 sementara nilai minimal dan maksimal sebesar 6,50 dan 8,50 dengan jumlah total pretes sebesar 241,51; 4) Efektivitas dalam belajar membaca, bisa dilihat dengan persentase yang terus meningkat  pada setiap latihan membaca; 5) Perbedaan kemampuan membaca antara kelas kontrol dan kelas eksperimen yaitu keseluruhan rata-rata sebesar 25,9.

Kata Kunci: efektivitas;  metode dril; membaca.
Penerapan Metode Sakamoto dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Menyelesaikan Soal Cerita Materi Operasi Penjumlahan dan Pengurangan Bilangan Cacah Kelas III Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Widadiyah Qorina , Khujaimah Khujaimah
Published: September 2021

This research aims to First, the application of the Sakamoto method to improve students' ability to solve story problems. Second, the results of applying the Sakamoto method to improve students' ability to solve story problems in mathematics. This study uses a qualitative approach to the type of Classroom Action Research (CAR) research with 2 (two) cycles. The subjects of this study were students of class III SDN Dukuh Sari I. Data collection techniques used were observation, interviews, documentation, and tests. Qualitative data consisting of observations, interviews and documentation are analyzed descriptively qualitatively, while data in the form of numbers or quantitative data are sufficiently analyzed using quantitative descriptive analysis. The results of data analysis after the application of the learning method with the Sakamoto method show that the application of this method can improve students 'ability to solve mathematical problems in the form of material questions, summation operations and reduction of counting numbers on mathematical subjects. The results show that there is evidence of an increase in students' ability to solve problems mathematics in the form of story problems.

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk; Pertama, penerapan metode sakamoto untuk meningkatkan kemampuan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita. Kedua, hasil dari penerapan metode sakamoto untuk meningkatkan kemampuan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita dalam mata pelajaran matematika. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dengan 2 (dua) siklus. Subyek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas III SDN Dukuh Sari I. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, dan tes. Data yang bersifat kualitatif yang terdiri dari hasil observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif, sedangkan data yang berupa angka atau data kuantitatif cukup dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil analisis data setelah penerapan metode pembelajaran dengan metode sakamoto menunjukkan bahwa penerapan metode ini dapat meningkatkan kemampuan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal matematika yang berbentuk soal cerita materi operasi penjumlahan dan pengurangan bilangan cacah pada mata pelajaran metematika. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa terbukti adanya peningkatan kemampuan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal matematika yang berbentuk soal cerita.
Pengembangan Buku Cerita Anak Bermuatan Karakter untuk Pembelajaran Matematika di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Khairiah Rima Andini , Hidayat Syarip , Kosasih E.
Published: September 2021

This research is based on student’s mathematical problem solving ability isn’t as expected. Using children’s storybook with mathematical concept is expected to be the one of many solutions to that problem, but unfortunately it’s still difficult to find children’s storybook that support mathematics learning in elementary school. The purposes of this research are : 1) to describe the information about children’s storybook with mathematical concept; 2) to describe  the design principles of children’s storybook that will be developed; 3) the final product of children’s storybook. This research is using educational design research method with Reeves model which consist of 3 steps : 1) analysis and exploration; 2) design and construction; 3) evaluation and reflection. The results of this research are : 1) to tell the information about children’s storybook with mathematical; 2)  design principles of the character based math storybook for elementary school; 3) final product of this research  is produced a children’s storybook with “Weather” topic which contained about fraction and character building in the story.

Abstrak

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa yang belum sesuai dengan harapan. Penggunaan buku cerita yang mengandung konsep matematika diharapkan dapat menjadi salah satu solusi permasalahan tersebut, namun sayangnya masih sulit ditemukan buku cerita anak yang mendukung pembelajaran matematika di sekolah dasar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu : 1) mendeskripsikan ketersediaan buku cerita anak yang mengandung konsep matematika; 2) mendeskripsikan prinsip desain dari buku cerita anak yang akan dikembangkan; 3) Produk akhir buku cerita anak. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode EDR (Educational Design Research) dengan model Reeves yang terdiri dari 3 tahap penelitian, yaitu : 1) Analisis dan Eksplorasi; 2) Desain dan Konstruksi; 3) Evaluasi dan Refleksi. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu : 1) menghasilkan data tentang ketersediaan buku cerita anak yang mengandung konsep matematika; 2) prinsip desain buku cerita anak bermuatan karakter untuk pembelajaran matematika; 3) produk akhir dari penelitian ini menghasilkan buku cerita anak bertema cuaca yang memuat konten pecahan dan pendidikan karakter melalui tokoh-tokoh dalam cerita.
Implementasi Metode Montessori Pada Pembelajaran Kurikulum 2013 di Kelas 3 SD Holistik Islam Terpadu Awliya
Authors: Suwarno Putri Yuriska Dewi
Published: September 2021

The 2013 curriculum is a follow-up to the competency-based curriculum (KBK) that was tested in 2004. The 2013 curriculum is competency-based focuses on acquiring certain competencies by students. Therefore, the 2013 curriculum includes a number of competencies, and a set of learning objectives that are stated in such a way that their achievement can be observed in the form of behavior or skills of students as a criterion for success. To determine the success of the implementation of the Montessori method in the 2013 curriculum learning process, it can be viewed from the learning planning, learning implementation, and learning evaluation. This research uses qualitative research with data collection techniques using observation, interviews, and documentation which is tested by data validity test. The results showed that the implementation of the Montessori method carried out at the Awliya Integrated Islamic Holistic Elementary School, especially in achieving the values ​​of the National education goals for students, has been implemented properly and is in accordance with the Montessori principles in the implementation process and is also in accordance with the development of school age children. When viewed from the principles in the 2013 Curriculum, the Montessori method is considered to have fulfilled all the principles of the 2013 Curriculum

Abstrak

Kurikulum 2013 merupakan tindak lanjut dari kurikulum berbasis kompetensi (KBK) yang pernah diujicobakan pada tahun 2004. Kurikulum 2013 berbasis kompetensi memfokuskan pada pemerolehan kompetensi-kompetensi tertentu oleh peserta didik. Oleh karena itu, kurikulum 2013 mencakup sejumlah kompetensi, dan seperangkat tujuan pembelajaran yang dinyatakan sedemikian rupa, sehingga pencapaiannya dapat diamati dalam bentuk perilaku atau keterampilan peserta didik sebagai suatu kriteria keberhasilan. Untuk mengetahui keberhasilan dari implementasi metode Montessori dalam proses pembelajaran kurikulum 2013 dapat ditinjau dari perencanaan pembelajaran, pelaksanaan pembelajaran, serta evaluasi pembelajaran. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan datanya menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi yang diuji dengan uji keabsahan data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bahwa implementasi metode Montessori yang dilaksanakan di SD Holistik Islam Terpadu Awliya khususnya dalam pencapaian nilai-nilai tujuan pendidikan Nasional pada peserta didik sudah diterapkan dengan baik dan sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip Montessori dalam proses pelaksanaannya dan juga sesuai dengan perkembangan anak usia sekolah. Jika dilihat dari prinsip yang ada pada Kurikulum 2013, metode Montessori dirasa sudah memenuhi semua prinsip-prinsip Kurikulum 2013.
Pengembangan Media Video Animasi Zepeto untuk Materi Metamorfosis Kupu-Kupu untuk SD/MI
Authors: Impronah Iim , Batubara Hamdan Husein
Published: September 2021

This research was conducted due to the lack of media that used in science learning metamorphosis material in MI/SD, usually the teacher only explained the metamorphosis of a butterfly by drawing it on the blackboard or students were told to listen in the science textbook provided. Therefone, researcher had the initiative to provide new learning, of course, which can be carried out online or offline learning. Researcher developed learning media in the form of two-dimensional animated videos made from a combination of zepeto and  kinemaster applications. The researcher used the R&D step. The object of this research was in 3rd grade of MI/SD. The results of this study were to describe what concepts were in making animated video learning media with the zepeto application used for butterfly metamorphosis shows an increase with the results of the percentage of material and  media experts being 86 % then the percentage of users or students 96.5 %, so it can be concluded that animated video media is effective in learning metamorphosis.

Abstrak

Penelitian ini dilakukan karena kurangnya media yang digunakan dalam pembelajaran IPA materi metamorfosis di MI/SD, biasanya guru hanya menjelaskan metamorfosis kupu-kupu dengan cara digambar di papan tulis atau siswa disuruh menyimak di buku ajar IPA yang sudah disediakan. Oleh karena itu peneliti mempunyai inisiatif untuk memberikan pembelajaran yang baru tentunya yang bisa di laksanakan secara online maupun offline. Peneliti mengembangkan media pembelajaran berupa video animasi dua dimensi yang dibuat dari perpaduan aplikasi zepeto dan kinemaster. Langkah penelitian ini menggunakan langkah R&D. Obyek penelitian ini dilakukan pada kelas III MI/SD . Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan konsep-konsep apa saja dalam pembuatan media pembelajaran video animasi dengan aplikasi zepeto yang digunakan untuk materi IPA Metamorfosis kupu-kupu di kelas III MI/SD. Langkah-langkah penelitianya meliputi mengidentifikasi media yang telah ada, observasi lapangan, studi literature, pengembangan produk, validasi ahli, revisi video, uji coba produk, finalisasi produk hingga produk akhir. Tetapi dalam penelitian ini ada beberapa campuran atau adaptasi dari langkah-langkah penelitian pokok yang dicampur dengan langkah penelitian dari Arief S, (2010) yang isinya meliputi menganalisis kebutuhan dan karakter siswa, menentukan tujuan intruksional pembelajaran, merumuskan materi pembelajaran, mengembangkan alat pengukuran keberhasilan, praproduksi, adan produksi. Presentase kelulusan siswa pada pembelajaran media video animasi materi metamorfosis kupu-kupu menunjukan peningkatan dengan hasil presentase para ahli materi dan media 86% kemudian hasil presentase pengguna atau siswa 96,5 %, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bawasannya media video animasi lebih efektif digunakan dalam pembelajaran metamorphosis
Páncreas ectópico torácico
Authors: Bernal Capriny , Accinelli Roberto Alfonso , Fuentes-Rivera Gloria , Díaz Javier , Chávez William , Valdivia Enrique , Morello Enrique , Tafur Karla , Gayoso Oscar
Published: September 2021

Presentamos el caso de un varón de 38 años a quien por presentar dolor torácico se le hizo dieciocho años antes el diagnósticode quiste hidatídico. Se confirmó en la tomografía espiral multicorte (TEM) que tenía una masa heterogénea de contenido líquido, con paredes parcialmente calcificadas localizada en el mediastino anterior. Se la extirpó, siendo el diagnóstico, por la presencia de grupos de células acinares y de conductos con apariencia pancreática, panqueratina y CD68 positivos, de un páncreas ectópico mediastinal. Nunca se ha reportado un caso en el Perú y en la literatura médica éste sería el trigésimo primercaso reportado de páncreas ectópico intratorácico.
Glucogenosis hepática: a propósito de un caso
Authors: Castillo Lida , Grazia Venturelli Maria , Paz Verónica , Sumire Julia
Published: September 2021

Las glucogenosis abarcan un rango de enfermedades que se caracterizan por el almacenamiento o utilización anormal delglucógeno, siendo los órganos más afectados el músculo y/o el hígado. La hepatomegalia puede ser un signo clínico que guie al diagnóstico. Describimos a un paciente de 15 años de edad con hepatomegalia, hipertransaminasemia y retraso delcrecimiento, a quien se le diagnosticó glucogenosis por biopsia hepática.
Diagnóstico serológico de la infección por Fasciola hepática: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Muñoz Zambrano María Elena , Placencia Medina Maritza , Del Pozo Muñoz Julio Andree , Sevilla Andrade Carlos , Huiza Franco Alina
Published: September 2021

Introducción: La fascioliasis es una enfermedad causada por el parásito Fasciola hepática, según su cuadro clínico puede clasificarse en dos fases: aguda y crónica, actualmente el diagnóstico se realiza durante la fase crónica, sin embargo, la detección temprana permitiría brindar un tratamiento eficaz y oportuno. Objetivo: Este estudio se realiza con el objetivo de evaluar la validez diagnóstica de las pruebas serológicas para el diagnóstico oportuno de fascioliasis hepática. Materiales y métodos: se realizó una búsqueda sistemática de la literatura en Embase, MedLine, Cochrane Library y LILACS. La selección de estudios se realizó mediante pares de revisores, se seleccionaron estudios de pruebas diagnósticas utilizando: ELISA, ELISA indirecto, ELISA rápido, Fas2 ELISA, Arco2 comparada con técnicas de sedimentación para el diagnóstico de fascioliasis hepática en adultos. Los estudios fueron evaluados mediante la herramienta QUADAS-2. Resultados: Se identificaron siete estudios que responden a la pregunta PICO, con un total de 1317 muestras de suero humano, las pruebas reportaron alta sensibilidad y especificidad, FhTA, ELISA, número de estudios y participantes identificados, estimadores resumen con los correspondientes intervalos de confianza/credibilidad, también se puede discutir el ranking de tratamientos. Discusión: en general la especificidad de las pruebas serológicas fue ligeramente superior que la sensibilidad, existe evidencia de moderada a baja calidad que reporta su rendimiento, sin embargo, la calidad de la evidencia y la heterogeneidad entre los estudios no permite determinar su utilidad te la fase aguda de la enfermedad. Se necesitan más estudios al respecto. Los estudios fueron clínicamente heterogéneos entre ellos.
Gastric outlet obstruction as manifestation of eosinophilic gastroenteritis
Authors: Vargas-Rubio Rómulo , Meek-Benigni Eugenio , Henao-Pérez Francisco , Barrera-Penagos Viviana , Ramirez-Barranco Rosangela
Published: September 2021

Eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EG) is a rare entity. We report a 55-year-old man had no previous atopy or allergic history, who presented abdominal pain and vomiting. Abdominal computed tomography and endoscopy ultrasonography demostrated gastric wall thickening with wall thickening of the superior duodenum, without defined mass or fluid collection. Gastrointestinal endoscopy confirmed thickening of prepyloric folds and superior duodenum with luminal stenosis. Parcial gastrectomy was performed due to absence of definitive diagnosis and suspicion of possible malignancy and diagnosis of gastric outlet obstruction. Histopathology was compatible with EG, treated with an 8-week long howed clinical improvement, weight gain and normalization of eosinophil count on peripheral blood.
Divertículo de Meckel como causa de sangrado gastrointestinal masivo en adulto. Hallazgos en imágenes y correlación anatomopatológica
Authors: Domínguez Andrés , Block Solange
Published: September 2021

El divertículo de Meckel es la malformación congénita más frecuente del tracto gastrointestinal, generada por un defecto en el cierre del conducto onfalomesentérico. Si bien en la mayoría de los casos son asintomáticos, la presentación clínica más habitual es la de un sangrado digestivo asociado a la pre pica, principalmente durante la niñez, siendo esta presentación clínica infrecuente en adultos.
Susceptibility of Chinese Hemlock (Tsuga chinensis) to Injury from Autumn Horticultural Oil Applications
Authors: Harper Richard , Cowles Richard
Published: September 2021

Chinese hemlock (Tsuga chinensis) has been suggested as a possible replacement in landscape plantings for eastern hemlocks (T. canadensis), which are being lost due to infestations of hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae). Chinese hemlock is highly resistant to hemlock woolly adelgid, but is a host for elongate hemlock scale (Fiorinia externa). Horticultural oil is a popular insecticide commonly used by professionals to manage various insect and mite pests of hemlock in landscapes, including hemlock woolly adelgid, spruce spider mite, and armored scales. In tests, horticultural oil applied in two separate autumn sprays was not phytotoxic to Chinese hemlocks. Therefore, 1% or 2% horticultural oil may be used to maintain Chinese hemlocks in landscape plantings.
Effects of Emerald Ash Borer Infestation on the Structure and Material Properties of Ash Trees
Authors: Persad Anand , Siefer John , Montan Roy , Kirby Scott , Rocha Oscar , Redding Michael , Ranger Christopher , Jones Andrew
Published: September 2021

Emerald ash borer (EAB), an invasive insect borer on ash trees, currently occurs in the Untied States and Canada. In many regions, large populations of ash trees are affected with many trees exhibiting partial to full canopy dieback. Several cases exist in northwest Ohio, U.S., where EAB infested ash branches or stems fail prematurely during deadwood pruning or whole tree removal. This study was initiated to resolve the effects of EAB on the material properties of ash branches and stems. Visually non-infested ash trees and trees with recent and advanced EAB activity were examined. The data from static loading tests on primary branches indicate that maximum bending stress at failure was not significantly lower in EAB infested trees compared to non-infested trees. Examination of the fracture zone, however, revealed that wood moisture was significantly lower and more cracking was observed in wood sections of branches taken from EAB infested trees. During static loading, branch failure at the union occurred only in the EAB infested trees. In a wood resistance evaluation of infested and non-infested ash stems, significantly lower resistance was observed in advanced EAB infested ash stems when drilled at the base compared to drill sites 1 m above. This was not observed at similar drill site heights in the visually non-infested ash stems. These data may help identify risk elements associated with structural and material degradation of ash wood as early as one to two years after infestation by EAB.
Using Size Class Distributions of Species to Deduce the Dynamics of the Private Urban Forest
Authors: Pearce Lilian , Kirkpatrick James , Davison Aidan
Published: September 2021

Urban governance in Western societies is increasingly shaped by awareness of the importance of trees in maintaining the environmental function and social livability of cities. Records of change in urban forest composition on public land are generally good. However, a great proportion of trees in western cities occur on private land, where such changes are poorly-documented. The study authors trialed the use of size class analysis, a technique widely used to deduce the dynamics of natural forests, to determine change in the private urban forest. From a sample of blocks in ten suburbs of the Australian cities of Melbourne and Hobart, in which most dwellings have front and back gardens, researchers assessed the implications of changes for the functionality of the urban forest. The height class distributions of a large number of front garden tree taxa were classified. Although the factors affecting height class distributions differ between a natural and an urban forest, those distributions found for most species were so extreme that there was little doubt in interpretation. Tree species that can grow to a large height were under-represented in the smaller height classes, indicating their future decline in the private tree estate. Individuals of glossy-leaved small tree species were over-represented in the smaller height classes, indicating a recent increase in their popularity. The shift toward smaller, denser trees on private land has implications for the functions of the urban forest. A higher level of large tree protection on private land and compensation through planting on public land could mitigate impacts.