bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis Candidate Vaccine Strains Are Pro-apoptotic in RAW 264.7 Murine Macrophages
Authors: Barletta Raul G. , Bannantine John P. , Stabel Judith R. , Muthukrishnan Ezhumalai , Anderson Dirk K. , Dutta Enakshy , Manthena Vamsi , Hanafy Mostafa , Zinniel Denise K.
Published: June 2023

Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is the etiological agent of Johne’s disease, a severe gastroenteritis of ruminants. This study developed a model cell culture system to rapidly screen MAP mutants with vaccine potential for apoptosis. Two wild-type strains, a transposon mutant, and two deletion mutant MAP strains (MOI of 10 with 1.2 × 106 CFU) were tested in murine RAW 264.7 macrophages to determine if they induce apoptosis and/or necrosis. Both deletion mutants were previously shown to be attenuated and immunogenic in primary bovine macrophages. All strains had similar growth rates, but cell morphology indicated that both deletion mutants were elongated with cell wall bulging. Cell death kinetics were followed by a real-time cellular assay to measure luminescence (apoptosis) and fluorescence (necrosis). A 6 h infection period was the appropriate time to assess apoptosis that was followed by secondary necrosis. Apoptosis was also quantified via DAPI-stained nuclear morphology and validated via flow cytometry. The combined analysis confirmed the hypothesis that candidate vaccine deletion mutants are pro-apoptotic in RAW 264.7 cells. In conclusion, the increased apoptosis seen in the deletion mutants correlates with the attenuated phenotype and immunogenicity observed in bovine macrophages, a property associated with good vaccine candidates.
Application of Machine Learning Models to Bridge Afflux Estimation
Authors: Piraei Reza , Niazkar Majid , Afzali Seied Hosein , Menapace Andrea
Published: June 2023

Bridges are essential structures that connect riverbanks and facilitate transportation. However, bridge piers and abutments can disrupt the natural flow of rivers, causing a rise in water levels upstream of the bridge. The rise in water levels, known as bridge backwater or afflux, can threaten the stability or service of bridges and riverbanks. It is postulated that applications of estimation models with more precise afflux predictions can enhance the safety of bridges in flood-prone areas. In this study, eight machine learning (ML) models were developed to estimate bridge afflux utilizing 202 laboratory and 66 field data. The ML models consist of Support Vector Regression (SVR), Decision Tree Regressor (DTR), Random Forest Regressor (RFR), AdaBoost Regressor (ABR), Gradient Boost Regressor (GBR), eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) for Regression (XGBR), Gaussian Process Regression (GPR), and K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN). To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first time that these ML models have been applied to estimate bridge afflux. The performance of ML-based models was compared with those of artificial neural networks (ANN), genetic programming (GP), and explicit equations adopted from previous studies. The results show that most of the ML models utilized in this study can significantly enhance the accuracy of bridge afflux estimations. Nevertheless, a few ML models, like SVR and ABR, did not show a good overall performance, suggesting that the right choice of an ML model is important.
Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Communities Characteristic in the Water Column and Sediment along the Xiangjiang River, China
Authors: Wu Sha , Zhao Wenyu , Liu Mengyue , Gao Fei , Chen Hong
Published: June 2023

Microbial communities are central components of river ecosystems. They are involved in the transportation and transformation of certain pollutants, including nutrients discharged into surface water. Knowledge of microbial community structures is vital for understanding biochemical circulation in aquatic ecosystems. However, most of the research that is currently being conducted focuses more on bacterial diversity and less on eukaryotes, which also play key roles in the nutrient cycle. In this study, 10 sampling sites along the Xiangjiang River were selected, covering the entire reaches of Changsha City, China. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic diversity and composition in the water and sediment samples were investigated. The results showed that conductivity, TN, and NH4+-N were the main environmental parameters influencing the distribution of microbial communities in the river water column. Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Actinobacteria were the dominant bacteria in sediments. The most abundant taxa in the water samples were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes, with Chloroplastida being the dominant eukaryote. Eukaryotes in sediments are much spatially stochastic. Function analysis showed that bacteria in the water column had more phototrophic genes than those in the sediment samples, while the latter had more nitrogen-transformation-involved genes. This suggested that river sediment is more active in the global nitrogen cycle, while the overlying water plays an important role in oxygenic photosynthesis.
Integration of Electrical Resistivity Tomography and Seismic Refraction Tomography to Investigate Subsiding Sinkholes in Karst Areas
Authors: Jabrane Oussama , Martínez-Pagán Pedro , Martínez-Segura Marcos A. , Alcalá Francisco Javier , El Azzab Driss , Vásconez-Maza Marco D. , Charroud Mohammed
Published: June 2023

Operational and safety issues associated with subsiding sinkholes in karst areas start with the definition of fractures and joints, causing ground weakness. Conventional geotechnical boreholes and geological mapping must be complemented with indirect subsurface exploration techniques to detail those structures. This work aims to use electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and seismic refraction tomography (SRT) near-surface geophysical techniques to infer the 2D and 3D geometry of sediment-infilled sinkholes formed by the conjunction of fractures and joints in karst areas. Geophysical surveys were performed in a sediment-infilled sinkhole area with two sectors of different subsiding and infilling degrees formed by the conjunction of two fault systems in an experimental research area in the Sierra de Gádor Mountains in southeastern Spain. The ERT survey delimited the geometry of the sinkhole area, including the main fault-boun4ded limits, other minor faults, buried epikarst forms, and the distribution of coarse and clay-rich infilling. The SRT survey corroborated the structure and disambiguated clay-rich and high-moisture-content structures giving similar velocity fields. The integration of the ERT and SRT techniques provides indirect 2D and 3D visualizations of the ground of interest in predicting weakness-triggering mechanisms associated with the regional karst structure. This trial in an experimental uninhabited area, with the possibility of exploring subsiding karst structures is of special interest for designing operational and safety measures in urban areas, where similar karst structures may go undetected and monitoring capability is often more limited. The technological development of the used techniques enables the periodical geophysical monitoring of karst structures, thus making the identification of structural changes modifying the land safety and hydrological mechanisms feasible over time.
The Importance of Rainwater Harvesting and Its Usage Possibilities: Antalya Example (Turkey)
Authors: Ertop Hasan , Kocięcka Joanna , Atilgan Atilgan , Liberacki Daniel , Niemiec Marcin , Rolbiecki Roman
Published: June 2023

The significance and effective use of water, one of the most basic requirements for sustaining vital activities, is gaining importance every day. Population growth and unprogrammed industrialization accelerate the consumption of available water resources. However, drought, as a result of climate change, poses a threat to water resources. Factors such as the exhaustibility of water resources, rapid population growth, unscheduled industrialization and drought increase the tendency towards alternative water resources. Rainwater harvesting is based on the principle of using the rainwater falling into the regions after it is stored. Water collected through rain harvesting can be utilized in many different areas, such as agricultural irrigation, landscape irrigation and domestic use. Among agricultural activities, the idea of water harvesting in greenhouse areas comes to the fore. Due to the gutters on the greenhouse roofs, water can be stored. In Antalya, which has about half of the greenhouses in Turkey, the amount of water in the rain harvest that can be obtained in greenhouses is 224,992,795.8 m3 per year. Monthly calculations throughout the year showed that the minimum water can be harvested in August (938,447.53 m3) and the maximum (54,771,210 m3) in December. Therefore, it is thought that some plant water consumption can be met by building sufficient storage in areas close to the greenhouse.
Carbon Accumulation Associated with Its Influencing Factors in Sediments from the Poyang Basin
Authors: Tian Jiaming , Wu Jing , Wu Hanzhi , Zhang Mingli , Zhao Zihan , Wang Yanhua
Published: June 2023

Carbon burial in lake sediments has a profound impact on the global carbon cycle. In this study, the burial characteristics of organic carbon (OC) in typical sediments from the Poyang basin over the past hundred years were investigated and the influencing factors and driving mechanism were determined. The results showed that carbon burial in the Poyang basin sediments was mainly driven by human activities, whereas the change in the OC accumulation rate was related to precipitation, forest land area, water area, construction land area, urbanization rate, application of agricultural fertilizers, per capita GDP and population.
A Probabilistic Approach for Off-Stream Reservoir Failure Flood Hazard Assessment
Authors: Sanz-Ramos Marcos , Bladé Ernest , Silva-Cancino Nathalia , Salazar Fernando , López-Gómez David , Martínez-Gomariz Eduardo
Published: June 2023

Off-stream reservoirs are hydraulic structures that might cause severe flood damages in case of failure or improper operation. Their safety regulations usually require hydraulic studies for flood hazard and inundation zone mapping. The selection of the break point is not trivial because the topography in its surroundings is commonly highly anthropic. A wrong selection would not provide the worst scenario in terms of maximum flood hazard extent. This work presents a probabilistic approach based on a stochastic definition of the break point along the dyke. A number of failure scenarios are generated automatically, corresponding to different breach formations. Then, an in-cascade calculation process simulates each scenario, providing a framework to carry out statistical analysis. The simulation of the breach formation and the flood wave propagation is performed through a GPU parallelised two-dimensional hydraulic numerical model, which provides a probabilistic inundation zone and flood hazard mapping of all scenarios simulated in a suitable timeframe.
Application of Variational Optical Flow Forecasting Technique Based on Precipitation Spectral Decomposition to Three Case Studies of Heavy Precipitation Events during Rainy Season in Hebei Province
Authors: Tian Jiyang , Qiu Qingtai , Zhao Xiaoqi , Mu Wenbin , Cui Xidong , Hu Chunqi , Kang Yajing , Tu Yong
Published: June 2023

Short-term heavy precipitation is a crucial factor that triggers urban waterlogging and flash flood disasters, which impact human production and livelihood. Traditional short-term forecasting methods have time- and scale-based limitations. To achieve timely, location-specific, and quantitative precipitation forecasting, this study applies the precipitation spectral decomposition algorithm, along with variational echo tracking and autoregressive AR2 extrapolation techniques, to forecast three cases of heavy precipitation events during the rainy season in Hebei Province. The variational optical flow extrapolation forecasting based on precipitation spectral decomposition has a forecasting lead time of up to 3 h. However, noticeable discrepancies in forecast accuracy can be observed around 2 h, and the forecasting skill gradually weakens with longer lead times. For 3 h lead time forecasts, substantial variability occurs among different performance metrics, lacking clear comparability. The effective forecast lead time for variational optical flow forecasting based on precipitation spectral decomposition is up to 1.6 h for severe convective weather systems and up to 2.2 h for stratiform cloud weather systems. Overall, the forecast effect of this method is good in the three rainfalls—the highest CSI is up to 0.74, the highest POD is up to 0.87, and the forecast accuracy and success rate are high.
Evaluación de la seguridad de las redes internas del área de los sistemas SCADA CNEL EP, unidad de negocios Manabí mediante OSSTMM y OPNET
Authors: Tapia Rivas Luis Alonso , Demera Centeno Viviana
Published: June 2023

La transformación tecnológica que ha experimentado la sociedad ha generado un incremento de los ciberataques a nivel mundial, poniendo en riesgo a todos los sectores sociales y productivos de la sociedad que hacen uso de las tecnologías de la información, entre ellos el sector eléctrico, donde se utilizan con frecuencia sistemas de Control Supervisorio y Adquisición de Datos (SCADA). En Ecuador, el sector eléctrico es considerado un sector estratégico para el desarrollo del país y es administrado por la Corporación Nacional de Electricidad (CNEL EP). En este trabajo se evalúa la seguridad en el área SCADA de CNEL EP en la Unidad de Negocio Manabí aplicando el Manual de Metodología de Pruebas de Seguridad de Código Abierto (OSSTMM) y utilizando el simulador OPNET. Se seleccionaron las subestaciones más importantes pertenecientes al área SCADA y se realizó una auditoría de acuerdo a la metodología para determinar el estado actual de la seguridad e identificar posibles vulnerabilidades. A su vez, con las vulnerabilidades identificadas, se diseñaron dos escenarios simulados de forma simplificada utilizando la herramienta OPNET para establecer el impacto de la explotación de una de estas vulnerabilidades en el funcionamiento de los servicios del área SCADA. Tras la obtención de los resultados, se concluyó que el nivel de seguridad del área SCADA es alto, aunque se identificó la existencia de interacciones no controladas en las operaciones que es necesario abordar, dado que según los resultados obtenidos, la explotación de estas interacciones podría afectar significativamente al funcionamiento del área SCADA.
Fransa'nın Afrika Sömürge Politikasında: Dil Örneği
Authors: AKİFOĞLU Vugar
Published: June 2023

Frankofon (AFRİKA) Ülkelerinde izlediği Fransız Dilini yayma politikaları çerçevesinde genç beyinleri kullanarak kara kıtayı sömürmesi konusu sosyo-politik bakış açısıyla incelenmeye çalışılacaktır. Avrupa kıtasının Atlantik Okyanusu kıyılarına hakim bölgesinde yerleşmiş olan Fransızlar, mavi sulara ve okyanusa yabancı bir ulus değildi. Tarihi süreci incelediğimizde Fransızların ticaret ve sömürge amaçlı Kuzey Afrika ve Batı Afrika kıyılarına hatta zaman zaman Güney ve Doğu Afrika’ya kadar indiklerini görmek mümkündür. İstanbul’un fethine kadar Fransızlar Avrupa’daki devletlerle birlikte daha çok doğuya ve XV. yüzyıldan itibaren de kara kıtaya seferler düzenlemeye başlamışlardır. Fakat doğuda başarısız olan Fransızlar, ülke içindeki ekonomik sıkıntılardan kurtulmak için yeni arayışlara girmişlerdi. Özellikle Avrupa’daki rakiplerine karşı bir an önce ekonomik sıkıntılarına çözüm üretmeleri gerekiyordu. Bu bağlamda Afrika’ya hâkim oldukları takdirde Avrupa’daki rakiplerine karşı güçlü olacaklardı. Zira Fransa’nın Afrika politikasının temelinde ekonomisine katkı sağlamak yatıyordu. Fransa’yı Avrupa’daki devletlere karşı güçlendirmek isteyen XVI. Louis ve Napolyon haleflerine Akdeniz ve Afrika’ya hâkim olmayı tarihi bir politik miras olarak bırakarak Fransa’nın kalkınmasına zemin hazırlamışlardı. Bilhassa Napolyon’un Akdeniz politikası çerçevesinde bölgeye giderek yayılan Fransa, XXI. yüzyılda 21 Afrika ülkesinde Fransız dilini zorunlu kılmış/dayatmış ve sömürgesi altına almıştır. Fransa’nın dünya lideri olması için uluslararası ticaretin kesiştiği nokta olan Akdeniz ve Afrika’da söz sahibi olması gerekiyordu. Söz konusu hedeflerine ulaşmak için Fransa 1921 yılına kadar bölgesel ve federasyon yönetimi ile Afrika’nın söz konusu bölgelerini yönetti. Ancak 1960 yılından itibaren söz konusu ülkelere sözde bağımsızlık tanısa da hala bilfiil sömürgeci politikasına devam etmektedir.
Kentsel Turizm ve Kentlerin Tüketim Odaklı Hale Gelmesi
Authors: KILIÇ AKOĞLAN Nermin
Published: June 2023

Çalışmanın çıkış noktası kapitalizm ve mekân ilişkisidir. Bu arka plan dahilinde çalışma, kentlerin üretim mekânından tüketim mekanına dönüştüğü tarihsel bağlamda kentsel turizme odaklanmaktadır. Bu bağlamda makalenin amacı, kentsel turizmin gelişimi ve kentlerin tüketim odaklı hale gelmeleri arasındaki ilişkinin açıklanmasıdır. Sanayisizleşme süreçleri sonrasında kentsel turizme yönelimle beraber kentler tüketim odaklı hale gelmişlerdir. Bu süreçte kentlerin kendisinin de metalaştırıldığı ve imajlarla donatılarak tüketime sunulduğu görülmektedir.
Zihinsel Muhasebeye Kavramsal Bir Bakış
Authors: KENDİRLİ Selcuk , CİHANGİR Ahmet Erkan
Published: June 2023

Muhasebe tanımına bakılacak olursa, işletmelerin finansal işlemlerini kaydeden, sınıflandıran, özetleyen ve raporlayan, sonuçları yorumlayan ve analiz eden bir sistem olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Sistematik olarak uygulamalara bakıldığında, işletmeler sistem içerisinde iktisadi değer yaratan olayları sıkı bir şekilde takip etmektedirler. Buna benzer bir şekilde, insanlar da benzer bir muhasebe sistemini zihinlerinde kullanmaktadırlar. Günlük hayatta ve gelecek açısından aldıkları kararları ve giriştikleri eylemleri farklı zihinsel hesaplarda kategorize etmektedirler. Yaptıkları/yapacakları işlemleri değerlendirmekte ve kendince belgelemektedirler. İnsanların düşünce sisteminden kaynaklı sahip olduğu bu muhasebe sistemi, beynin doğal olarak geliştirdiği ve bildiği bir sistemdir. Uygulama açısından bakılacak olursa, buna zihinsel muhasebe denilebilir. Bu kapsamda geliştirilen beklenti teorisinin tüketici kararları üzerindeki etkisini inceleyen Richard Thaler (1980, 1985), zihinsel muhasebe kavramını literatüre kazandırmıştır. Bu çalışma, zihinsel muhasebenin kavramsal boyutunu ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu bağlamda çalışma, zihinsel muhasebe yaklaşımını genel çerçevesi içinde incelemektedir.
Patterns and Predictors of Multimorbidity in the Azar Cohort
Authors: Somi Mohammdhossein , Ostadrahimi Alireza , Gilani Neda , Haji Kamanaj Arash , Hassannezhad Sina , Faramarzi Elnaz
Published: June 2023

Background: The co-existence of chronic diseases (CDs), a condition defined as multimorbidity (MM), is becoming a major public health issue. Therefore, we aimed to determine the patterns and predictors of MM in the Azar Cohort. Methods: We evaluated the prevalence of MM in 15,006 (35–70-year old) subjects of the Azar Cohort Study. MM was defined as the co-existence of two or more CDs. Data on the subjects’ socioeconomic status, demographics, sleeping habits, and physical activity were collected using questionnaires. Results: The overall prevalence of MM was 28.1%. The most prevalent CDs, in decreasing order, were obesity, hypertension, depression, and diabetes. Obesity, depression, and diabetes were the most co-occurring CDs. The MM risk increased significantly with age, illiteracy, and in females. Also, the subjects within the lowest tertile of physical activity level (OR=1.89; 95% CI: 1.75–2.05) showed higher MM risk than those with the highest level of physical activity. Findings regarding current smoking status indicated that being an ex-smoker or smoker of other types of tobacco significantly increased the risk of MM. Conclusion: The reduction of MM is possible by promoting public health from an early age among people of various socioeconomic conditions. It is vital to offer the necessary health support to the aging population of Iran.
Syrian Refugee and Turkish Women with Breast Cancer: A Comparison on Clinicopathological Features and Survival
Authors: Atag Elif , Gokcay Serkan , Tanrikulu Simsek Eda , Aslan Fatih , Yetisir Abdullah Evren , Sari Murat
Published: June 2023

Background: Cancer is a significant health problem for refugees and host countries. Breast cancer is the most common cancer among refugees. The subject of our study is to examine the clinical and pathological features of Syrian refugees with breast cancer and compare them with Turkish patients with breast cancer. Methods: Data of patients with breast cancer between January 2018 and December 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. The clinical and histological features, treatment modalities and overall survival were collected and analyzed. Results: A total number of 338 women with breast cancer were included in this study. Ninety-nine of the 338 (29.3%) patients were Syrian refugees and 239 patients (70.7%) were Turkish. The median follow-up time was significantly lower in Syrian patients (P<0.001). Median OS was 146 months in Turkish and 116 months in Syrian group (P=0.022). Independent risk factors associated with long survival were receiving adjuvant chemotherapy (HR 0.465; 95% CI 0.234–0.926; P=0.029), adjuvant radiotherapy (HR 0.372 95% CI 0.182–0.758; P=0.007), and adjuvant hormonotherapy (HR 0.367; 95% CI 0.201–0.669; P=0.001). The rates of receiving adjuvant chemotherapy, adjuvant radiotherapy, and adjuvant hormonal therapy were significantly lower in the Syrian group (P=0.023, P=0.005, P=0.002, respectively). Conclusion: Syrian refugees with breast cancer are more likely to receive suboptimal treatments. They have inferior survival compared to local patients. Our findings highlight the need for the provision of cancer therapy in such vulnerable populations. We suggest that more attention should be paid to breast cancer, as it is the most common cancer among refugees.
Model of the Tympanic Cavity to Practice the Technique of Piston Stapedial Prosthesis Placement
Authors: Кузьмин Д.М. , Пащинин А.Н. , Фионова Т.В.
Published: June 2023

Цель. Cоздание упрощенного макета барабанной полости, соответствующего основным анатомическим ориентирам, для отработки процедуры постановки поршневого стапедиального протеза. Материалы и методы. Для изготовления макета-тренажера использовался шприц объемом 5 мл, который всегда доступен и обладает низкой рыночной стоимостью и в то же время соответствует основным анатомическим параметрам смоделированной барабанной полости. В эксперименте принимали участие 13 человек – ординаторы и врачи, которые не имели опыта подобных хирургических вмешательств. Результаты. По результатам проведенного исследования все участники эксперимента при апробации макета для стапедопластики успешно справились с поставленной задачей. Среднее количество времени, затраченного на установку поршневого протеза, составило 1 мин. 55 сек. При выполнении задания участникам давалось 5 попыток установки стапедиального протеза с соблюдением времени отдыха в количестве 2 минут между подходами. Использование созданного макета экономически более выгодно, удобно для понимания процедуры стапедопластики начинающими специалистами, эффективно в развитии микрохирургических мануальных навыков, которые в перспективе положительно отражаются на результатах при работе с кадаверным материалом животных и живой хирургии стремени. Заключение. По результатам проведенного исследования созданный макет барабанной полости соответствует всем анатомическим параметрам и может успешно применяться в учебной практике для отработки процедуры постановки стапедиального протеза.

Purpose. To create a simplified prototype of the tympanic cavity, corresponding to the main anatomical parameters, for practicing the technique of piston stapedial prosthesis placement. Materials and methods. A 5 ml syringe was used to make the model, which is always available and has a low market value, corresponding at the same time to the basic anatomical parameters of the simulated tympanic cavity. The experiment involved 13 participants: residents and doctors having no experience of such surgical interventions. Results. According to the results of the study, all participants successfully coped with the task of testing the stapedoplasty model. The average time spent on placing the piston prosthesis was 1 min. 55 sec. When performing the task, the participants were given 5 attempts to place the stapedial prosthesis with a rest time of 2 minutes between approaches. The use of the created prototype of tympanic cavity is more cost-effective, convenient for understanding the stapedoplasty technique by novice specialists, effective in developing microsurgical manual skills, which in the long term have a positive effect on the results when manipulating cadaveric animal material and in live stapes’s surgery Conclusion. According to the results of the study, the created model of the tympanic cavity corresponds to all anatomical parameters and can be successfully used in educational practice to work out the technique of stapedial prosthesis placement.
THE ROUNDABOUT OF BALKAN MULTICULTURALISM
Authors:   State university UNIBIT, Sofia, Bulgaria, Qell Lendrit
Published: June 2023

From Thucydides to Machiavelli, from Ranke and Mlichelet to Toynbee and Braudel all sought to illustrate the final picture, the compelling and unifying concept of culture and its place in society. In any society, one can identify a dominant culture that is cherished by the majority of citizens and one or more cultures or subcultures that partially or not at all accept the dominant values. Multiculturalism as an idea has been present since the epoch of ancient Greece and the Roman Empire. Since antiquity, thinking about politics has been a question of living together: how to create a society, how to reconcile the unity and plurality of values and cultures? Should we even out or bring awareness to the differences? Long-standing debates that constantly refresh these questions. This is where the idea of multiculturalism, the project of fair recognition of different “cultures” in the public space, is put forward. Europe is a symbol of multiculturalism, although often this rich content has been abused. The Balkans as a multicultural microcosm is an example of the parallel existence of numerous cultures, ethnicities, nations, faiths and religions. What evolution did multiculturalism experience until the creation of the last independent state, the Republic of Kosovo?
“OTHERNESS” DEPICTED IN TRAVELOGUES: MACEDONIA IN GERMAN-LANGUAGE TRAVELOGUES
Authors:   PhD Candidate, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, “Blazhe Koneski” Faculty of Philology – Skopje, Denkovska Milica
Published: June 2023

In the German-language travelogues, the term Macedonia is mostly used almost exclusively as a geographical designation. The reasons for this lie in the author’s perception, which is basically burdened by his own mission, cultural background and already (subtly) imposed stereotypes built on the basis of previous knowledge (information that is also shaped according to these factors). The missions are different: economic, political, natural-scientific, religious, sociological-ethnological, in some cases literary-scientific. That is why it is difficult to identify the literary genre in one of the established literary frameworks. What can be confirmed about this genre with absolute certainty is its multidisciplinary approach, and it will be investigated from this perspective. In this paper, the factors that influence the perception of the travel writer during his creation will be considered. The aim is to present the representation of Macedonia in German-language travelogues, focusing centrally on the travel writer and covering all the factors influencing his work as he presents Macedonia in his works.
TIME TRAVEL AND PARALLEL WORLDS IN CINEMATOGRAPHY
Authors:   AUE/FON, Skopje, Ruzin Marko
Published: June 2023

Time travel is one of the biggest themes of science fiction, to the point of being considered a genre in itself. The idea of going to relive the past, or to discover the future in advance, is an old human dream caused by the fact that the human being progresses through time in a constant but irreversible way. One of the earliest mentions of time travel is the character of Merlin the Wizard in the Arthurian cycle of the Knights of the Round Table, who visited past times. The Celts believed in the possibility of time travel and parallel worlds, from tombs, mounds to other mythological places. The theme of time travel is partly related to the world of prophecies, which was also widespread among ancient peoples. Physicists and philosophers, as well as today’s science fiction thinkers and writers, have always been interested in time travel, the theoretical and surrealistic effects of light-speed travel, and the logical paradoxes that would arise from time travel.
TURKEY’S SOFT POWER POLICY TOWARDS THE BALKANS
Authors:   UNIBIT, Sofia, Bulgaria, Dema Violeta
Published: June 2023

According to the official policy of Turkey, the Balkans are considered “as a sphere of influence since Turkey is also a Balkan country. The country pursues its main objectives in the region of “maintaining and strengthening peace, stability and sustainable development”, and that it “continues to support the accession of all the countries of the region to Europe and Euro-Atlantic institutions. “. In the “Balkan” policy of Turkey, a major role plays its diplomatic institution TIKA (Türk İşbirliği ve Koordinasyon Ajansı Başkanlığı, Turkish Agency for Cooperation and Coordination„, created in 1992 and active in the region since its creation. The case of the presence of Turkey in the Balkans is particularly interesting because the country maintains a rich and complex historical relationship with its Balkan neighbors.Its ancestor, the Ottoman Empire, deeply marked the region for more than five centuries.If the new Turkish Republic maintains Relatively limited relations with its former Ottoman provinces, the liberal opening of Turkish foreign policy by Turgut Özal from the 1980s marked a gradual return of Turkey to the region.
PENDAMPINGAN PENGEMBANGAN BUMDES UNTUK PEMASARAN PRODUK BERAS ANJIR KEMASAN HASIL PERTANIAN LAHAN BASAH DI BARITO KUALA
Authors: Redawati Redawati , Budiman Arief , Yusniar Meina Wulansari , Rifani Ahmad , Asma Rusdayanti , Stiadi Doni , Dewi Maya Sari , Abidin M. Zainal
Published: June 2023

Desa Andaman merupakan sebuah desa di Kabupaten Barito Kuala Kecamatan Anjir Pasar yang memiliki hasil padi yang melimpah dangan kulaitas yang baik. Namun kurangnya pengetahuan masyarakat dan pemerintah desa dalam hal pengelolaan potansi yang ada menyebabkan pertanian di daerah tersebut tidak mengalami peningkatan dalam hal peningkatan perekonomian masyrakat. Hal tersebut, tidak lepas dari kebiasaan masyarakat yang menjual langsung hasil panen setelah musim panen terjadi dengan harga yang sangat rendah. Pengabdian masyarakat dengan judul “Pendampingan Pengembangan BUMDES untuk Pemasaran Produk Beras Anjir Kemasan Hasil Pertanian Lahan Basah di Barito Kuala” ini diharapkan dapat memberikan gambaran serta pemahaman untuk masyarakat dan aparatur desa  untuk mengolah dan memasarkan produk berasnya sendiri melalui BUMDES (Badan Usaha Milik Desa). Adapun metode pelaksanaan ini adalah menggunakan metode Transfer IPTEKS dengan menggunakan prinsip bahwa setiap inovasi yang diterima oleh mitra sebaiknya melalui proses : Mendengar, Mengetahui, Mencoba, Mengevaluasi, Menerima, Menyakini, Melaksanakan.
Controversias sobre la federalización de la ciencia y la tecnología en Argentina: cuatro ejemplos recientes (2020-2022)
Authors: Niembro Andrés
Published: June 2023

La federalización de la ciencia y la tecnología (CyT) se ha ganado un lugar en la agenda de políticas en Argentina, a partir del reconocimiento de distintos problemas estructurales del sistema de CyT que se traducen en dos objetivos diferentes aunque relacionados: la desconcentración de recursos e inversiones públicas, y la descentralización de la concepción, gestión o gobernanza de estas políticas. Sobre esta base, se han desplegado una serie de hitos e iniciativas inéditas como: una ley de financiamiento del sistema que explicita el objetivo de la federalización, un plan nacional de CyT con agendas territoriales, proyectos especiales del CONICET con provincias y nuevas convocatorias de investigadores, concursos en otros 16 organismos nacionales de CyT, y distintos programas y proyectos federales. No obstante, toda estrategia de redistribución implica pujas de poder y conflictos de intereses que, aunque no tan visibilizados, han impregnado a la federalización de avances, retrocesos y cuentas pendientes. En base a diferentes análisis cuantitativos, el artículo retrata algunas de estas controversias con cuatro ejemplos o casos recientes entre 2020 y 2022, los cuales permiten discutir, por un lado, la potencia o impacto de estas iniciativas y, por otro, su coherencia interna y criterios de implementación.
Los sanitaristas de la Escuela de Salud Pública de la Universidad de Buenos Aires. Estado, expertise y consolidación de un campo experto (1960-1976)
Authors: Rayez Federico
Published: June 2023

Este artículo persigue el objetivo de analizar las transformaciones de la salud pública como ámbito experto entre las décadas de 1960 y 1970 e indagar la participación de los especialistas formados en ese campo en las políticas sanitarias de dicho período. Como demostramos, el campo de la salud pública se modernizó desde los años cuarenta alcanzando un mayor grado de profesionalización entre los años sesenta y setenta. En este período se crearon los principales centros de formación universitaria, revistas especializadas y asociaciones profesionales. Siguiendo el desarrollo de las políticas sanitarias en los años 1960 y 1970 los expertos en salud pública participaron en diferentes proyectos y programas impulsados desde oficinas burocráticas estatales. Con el objetivo de conocer las características del campo experto de los especialistas en salud pública, planteamos un estudio de caso, concentrando nuestra atención en la experiencia de la Escuela de Salud Pública de la Universidad de Buenos Aires (ESPUBA) entre 1960-1976. A partir de una estrategia de análisis documental, basaremos nuestra indagación en legajos personales de los profesores de la ESPUBA, así como revistas especializadas y otros documentos de la época.
ÖĞRETMEN ADAYLARININ ÇEVRE BİLİNCİ VE ÇEVRESEL DUYARLILIKLARININ FARKLI DEĞİŞKENLERE GÖRE İNCELENMESİ
Authors: TORUN Büşra , AYDEMİR Kübra , GÜL Ali
Published: June 2023

Bu araştırmada, öğretmen adaylarının çevre bilinci ve çevresel duyarlılıklarının farklı değişkenlere göre incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda araştırmada, nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırma 2021-2022 eğitim öğretim yılı bahar döneminde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmaya Gazi Üniversitesi, Gazi Eğitim Fakültesi bünyesinde bulunan Biyoloji Eğitimi, Fen Bilgisi Eğitimi, Matematik Eğitimi, Kimya Eğitimi, Türkçe Eğitimi ve Alman Dili Eğitimi Ana Bilim Dallarında öğrenim gören toplam 312 öğretmen adayı katılmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak Yeşilyurt, Gül ve Demir (2013) tarafından geliştirilen "Biyoloji Öğretmen Adaylarının Çevre Bilinci ve Çevresel Duyarlılığı Ölçeği" ve araştırmacı tarafından uzman görüşü alınarak oluşturulan “Kişisel Bilgi Formu” kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizi ise IBM SPSS ile uygun testler kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, öğretmen adaylarının çevre bilincinin ve çevresel duyarlılık toplam puanlarının öğrenim gördükleri program, sınıf düzeyi, çevre dersi alma durumu, evcil hayvana sahip olup olmama, bitki yetiştirip yetiştirmeme ve doğa yürüyüşlerine katılma sıklığına göre anlamlı şekilde farklılaştığı belirlenmiştir.
A Boca do Lixo
Authors: BEHRMANN Araújo Everton
Published: June 2023

Este artigo analisa o processo de formação da Boca Lixo a partir da contraposição entre o relato autobiográfico de um de seus malandros e as construções discursivas da imprensa policial paulistana sobre o cotidiano do local. Para tal tarefa, utilizamos alguns conceitos da obra de Foucault (2013; 2014) , heterotopia e escrita de si, em articulação com a leitura benjaminiana dos tipos humanos da metrópole moderna (Benjamin, 1989), perspectivando o relato de Hiroito de Moraes Joanides — malandro que viveu no local e que escreveu, em 1977, uma autobiografia rica em detalhes sobre a região — como outra forma de contar a história do local. Uma versão a contrapelo sobre os acontecimentos e o cotidiano da Boca do Lixo.
Comunidade Paiter Suruí e o surdo Paiter Suruí
Authors: BERNARDO Luciana Coladine , PEDROSA Wellington Quintino
Published: June 2023

Ao abordar questões relacionadas à vida comunitária de sete surdos pertencentes ao povo indígena Paiter Suruí residentes na Aldeia Gapgir, localizada na Terra Indígena Sete de Setembro, no município de Cacoal, estado de Rondônia, adentra-se em se/como a comunidade Paiter Suruí os inserem nas questões socioculturais indígenas, bem como sobre a concepção que se tem dos mesmos. Sucintamente, revela-se que apesar das barreiras de comunicação existentes, deixa-nos o ensinamento de afável convívio com as diferenças.
As representações depreciativas do rio Meia Ponte no jornal O Popular (Goiás, 2010-2020)
Authors: RIBEIRO Fernando , OLIVEIRA Maria de Fatima , VERDE Giuliana Muniz Vila Verde
Published: June 2023

O rio Meia Ponte é um dos principais leitos d´água do Estado de Goiás, responsável pelo abastecimento de aproximadamente 50% da população de Goiânia e Região Metropolitana. A relação da cidade com este rio apresenta-se ambígua desde o início de sua construção. Portanto, este estudo busca compreender – por meio da análise serial de matérias publicadas entre 2010 e 2020 pelo Jornal O Popular – como o rio foi apresentado pela imprensa e sua influência na construção de uma imagem negativa sobre ele.
Mídia indígena
Authors: COELHO Rafael Franco
Published: June 2023

O artigo apresenta o estudo de caso de Aldeia Digital, um projeto de educação midiática e inclusão digital com oficinas de formação do povo Xavante para a produção da sua própria mídia. A pesquisa utilizou vários métodos como entrevistas, grupos focais, pesquisa-ação e a observação participante, com ênfase no uso da fotografia e do audiovisual como métodos de observação em campo. No texto, analiso a participação, a influência e o impacto da produção cinematográfica na construção da identidade Xavante e seus múltiplos processos de identificação: individuais, sociais, políticos e culturais. Os resultados demonstram que a identidade Xavante na mídia se transforma tendo como princípio básico sua mitologia e sua noção de pessoa.
A cultura da violência na vida e obra do pintor Almeida Jr
Authors: BORGES Fernanda da Silva
Published: June 2023

O livro A cultura da violência entre traços e tramas: a vida e obra do pintor Almeida Jr, publicado em 2022, pela Editora Verona, em formato digital, é resultado da dissertação de mestrado da Anna Paula Teixeira Daher, desenvolvida sob a orientação da Prof.ª Dr.ª Heloisa Selma Fernandes Capel e defendida em 2017 no Programa de Pós-graduação em História da Universidade Federal de Goiás. Formada em Direito e História, a autora estabelece uma visão interdisciplinar ao reconstruir os traços e as tramas entre presente e passado na vida e obra do pintor José Ferraz de Almeida Jr. (1850-1899).
La política del bono universal familiar y su impacto socioeconómico
Authors: Solís-Luis Froy , Berrocal-Gutarra Carlos
Published: June 2023

El libro es una adaptación de una investigación presentada a la Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú, cuyo objetivo fue identificar los impactos socioeconómicos de la política pública del bono universal familiar en un asentamiento humano en Huancayo, Perú. Se empleó un enfoque mixto de tipo básico de diseño no experimental, se encuestó a 130 pobladores del Asentamiento de los 13 sectores, se entrevistó a 10 jefes de hogar beneficiados con el bono. Se identificó que los impactos sociales que surgieron son los cambios de comportamiento (60%), calidad de vida (50%). Además, el bono recibido ha contribuido a la reducción de contagios producidos por el COVID 19 (33%), a raíz de la recepción del bono las familias lograron abastecerse de productos de primera necesidad (36%), además de mantener buenos hábitos de higiene con la compra de productos de higiene personal y alcohol para la prevención del contagio (46%) y sobre los cambios de comportamiento en relación al trabajo, amigos, hábitos (51%) permitió pagar servicios básicos (43%). Los impactos económicos son: la mejora de ingresos económicos en crisis financiera (61%), disminución y apoyo en el aporte familiar de la población económicamente activa (54%) y apoyo en la situación laboral por perdida de empleo (77%). Se concluye que la política del bono trajo consigo impactos positivos sociales y económicos en el asentamiento analizado.
Praca z rodziną biologiczną dziecka umieszczonego w pieczy zastępczej czynnikiem optymalizującym reintegrację rodziny
Authors: Pietruszka Lidia
Published: June 2023

CEL NAUKOWY: Celem artykułu jest próba syntetycznego przedstawienia obszarów problemowych i zagadnień, które dotyczą pracy z rodziną biologiczną dziecka umieszczonego w pieczy zastępczej, a także ukazanie tego zadania jako aktualnej i pilnej potrzeby społecznej.

PROBLEM I METODY BADAWCZE: Pytanie problemowe sformułowano następująco: jakie zagadnieniauwzględniane są w pedagogicznym namyśle nad znaczeniem pracy z rodziną biologiczną dziecka umieszczonego w pieczy zastępczej? W artykule podjęto próbę ukazania konieczności intensyfikacji i optymalizacji tego procesu. Zastosowano metodę analizy literatury oraz selekcji treści w celu uzyskania syntezy omawianych zagadnień.

PROCES WYWODU: Realizacja założonego celu oraz odpowiedź na sformułowane pytanie problemoweujęta jest w procesie wywodu, na który składa się: wprowadzenie w zagadnienie poprzez analizę podstawowych założeń systemu pomocy dziecku i rodzinie, zaprezentowanie istoty kontaktu dziecka umieszczonego w pieczy zastępczej z rodziną biologiczną dla procesu reintegracji rodziny.

WYNIKI ANALIZY NAUKOWEJ: Refleksja nad podjętą problematyką wskazuje na wieloaspektowość przedstawionego obszaru. Wyniki przywoływanych danych wskazują, że system pieczy zastępczej nie zapewnia dzieciom w oczekiwanym stopniu zakładanego w ustawie stabilnego środowiska wychowawczego. Wbrew przyjętym założeniom, niezadowalający odsetek dzieci, które trafiły do pieczy zastępczej, ma możliwość trwałego wyjścia z systemu przed osiągnięciem pełnoletniości.

WNIOSKI, INNOWACJE, REKOMENDACJE: Dostrzeżono pilną potrzebę przygotowania optymalnych modeli wsparcia rodzin, których dzieci przebywają w pieczy zastępczej. W obliczu nowych wyzwań edukacyjnych koniecznością wydaje się także podjęcie niezbędnych starań w kierunku rozwoju wiedzy, umiejętności i kompetencji nie tylko pracowników socjalnych, ale również studentów pedagogiki i kierunków nauczycielskich, którzy winni zostać przygotowani do podejmowania niezbędnych działań w pracy z rodziną biologiczną oraz dzieckiem umieszczonym w pieczy zastępczej.
Działalność organizacji rodzicielskich w Polsce w świetle sprawozdań dyrekcji gimnazjów państwowych okresu międzywojennego
Authors: Magiera Elżbieta
Published: June 2023

StreszczenieCEL NAUKOWY: Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie działalności organizacji rodzicielskich w świetle sprawozdań dyrekcji polskich gimnazjów państwowych w okresie międzywojennym.PROBLEM I METODY BADAWCZE: Artykuł stanowi próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie: Na czym polegała działalności organizacji rodzicielskich w świetle sprawozdań dyrekcji polskich gimnazjów państwowych w okresie międzywojennym? Zastosowano procedurę badań historycznych, obejmującą kwerendę źródeł, ich ocenę i opracowanie.PROCES WYWODU: Artykuł rozpoczyna się od zarysowania potrzeby współpracy domu i szkoły po odzyskaniu przez Polskę niepodległości. Wskazuje na tworzenie i cele organizacji rodzicielskich działających w państwowych gimnazjach w Polsce międzywojennej, ich struktury i zakres działalności, która była odpowiedzią na potrzeby szkół.WYNIKI ANALIZY NAUKOWEJ: Organizacje rodzicielskie w państwowych gimnazjach Polski międzywojennej posiadały różne struktury wewnętrzne (sekcje), gromadziły fundusze w postaci składek i dochodów pozyskiwanych z imprez organizowanych przez rodziców. Prowadziły dożywianie uczniów, udzielały pomocy materialnej i rzeczowej niezamożnym uczniom, wspierały finansowo najpilniejsze potrzeby szkoły, udzielały subwencji organizacjom szkolnym, urządzały imprezy oraz zajmowały się szeroko pojętymi sprawami wychowawczymi. Zazwyczaj wszyscy rodzice uczniów należeli do koła (komitetu lub towarzystwa) rodzicielskiego.WNIOSKI, INNOWACJE, REKOMENDACJE: Mimo trudnych warunków społeczno-ekonomicznych II RP z biegiem lat umacniały się wpływy wychowawcze i organizacyjne kół rodzicielskich w gimnazjach oraz rosło wśród rodziców rozumienie potrzeby współpracy domu i szkoły. Działalność organizacji rodzicielskich w państwowych gimnazjach Polski międzywojennej wskazuje na poszerzający się jej zakres i rozwój zróżnicowanych formy współpracy domu i szkoły. Ich dorobek i doświadczenia zapisane na kartach sprawozdań szkolnych można wykorzystać współcześnie organizując współdziałanie domu i szkoły.SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: organizacje rodzicielskie, państwowe gimnazja, współpraca domu i szkoły, historia edukacji.
Highly stable femtosecond pulse generation enabled by the indium tin oxide nanocrystals
Authors: Xu Zirui , Li Ning , Huang Jing , Zhao Chujun
Published: June 2023

The ultrafast third-order optical nonlinearity of indium tin oxide nanocrystals (ITO NCs) and their application in femtosecond laser generation have been investigated experimentally. The ITO NCs exhibit a large modulation depth of ∼25%, nonlinear refractive behavior with self-focusing, ultrafast carrier recovery time of ∼300 fs, and high damage threshold of ∼1.16 TW cm−2, and the stable femtosecond Er-doped fiber laser can be delivered with a signal-to-noise ratio over 80 dB modulated by the ITO NCs successfully. The experimental results indicate that the ITO NCs can be excellent ultrafast nonlinear optical materials for developing highly stable photonic and optoelectronic devices.
Structural and electrical properties of Pt film fabricated by laser scanning and reduction of its oxide film
Authors: Shima Takayuki , Furukawa Hiromitsu
Published: June 2023

A thin platinum (Pt) oxide film was deposited on a polypropylene substrate, and a part of the film was removed and reduced by a laser scanning process using a commercially available apparatus. A Pt film that is electrically isolated from the surroundings was successfully obtained, and the potential of using it as a thermometer was demonstrated by measuring its resistance as a function of temperature in the vicinity of RT. The results indicate that a device structure (thermometer) can be prepared using a Pt oxide film, which is applicable when using a flexible substrate.
Interaction of L-Threonine in aqueous THFA and in mixed aqueous solution at 298.15K
Authors: Asal Ahmed Al-Jawary  , Zainab Abbas Hassein Al- Dulaimy  , Maida Hameed Al-Agili
Published: June 2023

Densities  and viscosities  of L-Threonine in water and in mixed aqueous solution of tetrahydrofurfurylalcohol at 298.15K. On the basis of these data ,the apparent molal volumes  ,partial molal volumes at infinite dilution °, the slop  ,transfer volume  , Gibbs free energy of activation for viscous flow of solution ΔG*1,2  and the B-coefficient have been calculated using  Jones-Dole equation . The obtained thermodynamic properties have been discussed in terms of intermolecular interactions
On bounded operator equation
Authors: Dr. Salim D. M  , Ahmed M.K.
Published: June 2023

In this paper, we give the general solutions of bounded operator equation    (1) , where  and  are noninvertible operator .on complex Hilbert space  and properties of the mapping