bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Penggunaan Lirik Lagu “Bertaut” Karya Nadin Amizah dalam Keterampilan Menulis Puisi Bertemakan Ibu
Authors: Iqbal Muhamad Nur
Published: November 2024

This research aims to determine the use of the lyrics of the song "Bertaut" by Nadin Amizah in the skills of writing mother-themed poetry in class X MIPA 2 SMA Negeri 1 Ciseeng Bogor academic year 2021/2022. The method used in this research is a qualitative descriptive method. Data collection techniques in this research are observation, interviews, tests and documentation. The aspects assessed in poetry writing skills are suitability of theme and meaning, strength of imagination, accuracy of diction, and use of figures of speech and imagery. The results of this research show that the use of the lyrics of the song "Bertaut" by Nadin Amizah in poetry writing skills with the theme of students' mothers at SMA Negeri 1 Ciseeng Bogor for the 2021/2022 academic year received a good response from teachers and students because it was able to become a learning innovation and was able to stimulate students in Learning Activities. This can be proven by the fact that 10 or 28% of students obtained grades in the very good category. The results of the recapitulation of post-test scores show that students obtained an average score of 79.71. Meanwhile, before using song lyrics media, it showed that students only got an average score of 59.85.
 
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penggunaan lirik lagu “Bertaut” karya Nadin Amizah dalam keterampilan menulis puisi bertemakan ibu pada siswa kelas X MIPA 2 SMA Negeri 1 Ciseeng Bogor Tahun Pelajaran 2021/2022. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi, wawancara, tes dan dokumentasi. Aspek yang dinilai dalam keterampilan menulis puisi adalah kesesuaian tema dan makna, kekuatan imajinasi, ketepatan diksi, dan pendayaan majas dan citraan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan lirik lagu “Bertaut” Karya Nadin Amizah dalam keterampilan menulis puisi bertemakan ibu siswa pada SMA Negeri 1 Ciseeng Bogor Tahun Pelajaran 2021/2022 mendapat respons yang baik bagi guru dan siswa karena mampu menjadi inovasi pembelajaran dan mampu menstimulus siswa dalam kegiatan pembelajaran. Hal tersebut dapat dibuktikan dengan terdapatnya 10 atau 28% siswa memperoleh nilai dengan kategori baik sekali. Hasil rekapitulasi nilai post-test menunjukan peserta didik memperoleh nilai dengan rata-rata 79,71. Sementara sebelum menggunakan media lirik lagu, menunjukan peserta didik hanya memperoleh nilai dengan rata-rata 59,85.
Kesantunan Berbahasa dalam Animasi Adit & Sopo Jarwo episode Festival Tumpeng Meriah
Authors: Sayyidah Khoizuronah  , Muhammad Hasbi Annasiri  , Eka Amara Su’da Salsabila  , Muhammad Alfa Choirul Murtadho  , Muhammad Thoriqussuud
Published: November 2024

Language politeness exits with the aim of realizing effective communication and building interpersonal relationshipsh and minimizing potential conflicts. The form of language politeness can be seen from various points of view and can be learned at the same time, one of which is the animated television show adit sopo jarwo. This study describes politeness in the animated episodes of Adit & Sopo Jarwo Festival Tumpeng Meriah using qualitative methods. This data collection uses recording techniques (listen) and note-taking techniques to find out politeness in language sourced from Adit & Sopo Jarwo's animation. This study focuses on using Leech's theory which contains 6 politeness maxims, namely: (1) wisdom maxim, (2) generosity maxim, (3) appreciation maxim, (4) moderation maxim, (5) agreement maxim, (6) sympathy maxim. The results of this study are 7 data obtained from compliance with politeness in language, namely 1 data each in the maxim of wisdom, the maxim of generosity, the maxim of modesty, the maxim of agreement, the maxim of sympathy, and 2 data of the maxim of appreciation. As for language politeness violations, 4 data were obtained, namely 1 data each on violations of the maxim of generosity, violations of the maxim of appreciation, violations of the maxim of agreement, and violations of the maxim of sympathy.
 
Kesantunan berbahasa hadir dengan tujuan untuk mewujudkan komunikasi efektif dan membangun hubungan interpersonal dalam interaksi serta memperkecil potensi konflik. Wujud kesantunan berbahasa dapat dilihat dari berbagai sudut pandang dan dapat dipelajari pada saat itu juga salah satunya adalah acara televisi animasi adit sopo jarwo.  Penelitian ini mendeskripsikan kesantunan berbahasa dalam animasi Adit & Sopo Jarwo episode Festival Tumpeng Meriah dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif. Pengumpulan data ini menggunakan teknik rekam (simak) dan teknik catat untuk mengetahui berbagai kesantunan berbahasa yang bersumber dari animasi Adit & Sopo Jarwo. Penelitian ini berfokus menggunakan teori Leech yang terdapat 6 maksim kesantunan, yaitu: (1) maksim kebijaksanaan, (2) maksim kedermawanan, (3) maksim penghargaan, (4) maksim kesederhanaan, (5) maksim pemufakatan, (6) maksim simpati. Hasil penelitian ini terdapat 7 data yang diperoleh dari pematuhan kesantunan berbahasa, yaitu masing-masing terdapat 1 data dalam maksim kebijaksanaan, maksim kedermawanan, maksim kesederhanaan, maksim pemufakatan, maksim simpati, serta 2 data pada maksim penghargaan. Adapun pada pelanggaran kesantunan berbahasa diperoleh 4 data, yaitu masing-masing terdapat 1 data pada pelanggaran maksim kedermawanan, pelanggaran maksim penghargaan, pelanggaran maksim pemufakatan, dan pelanggaran maksim simpati.
Pengaruh Metode Field Trip Berbasis Budaya Batik Khas Solo terhadap Kemampuan Menulis Teks Berita Siswa Kelas VIII SMP Al Muayyad Surakarta
Authors: Nindy Advianturi  , Ahmad Alfi  , Kaito Murayama
Published: November 2024

The ability to write news articles is an essential skill that students must possess. Learning by inviting students to observe objects directly makes students more able to develop their ideas and creativity. Solo is a city that is synonymous with batik culture. This research was conducted to investigate the impact of applying a field trip method focused on the cultural batik of Solo on the news writing skills of eighth-grade students at Al Muayyad Junior High School in Surakarta. This study employs a quasi-experimental approach with a non-equivalent control group design, involving pretests and posttests. There are two classes: the experimental class and the control class. The experimental class was conducted using the field trip method by inviting students to explore the Laweyan batik village, while the control class was conducted with non-field trip learning. Data collection was carried out through tests that assess learning outcomes or projects after giving the action. The results showed that there was a significant effect of the field trip method based on the typical Solo batik culture on the ability to write news texts for the VIII grade students of SMP Al Muayyad Surakarta. Cohen's d analysis shows that the effect is quite large. Students in the field trip class have significantly higher news writing skills than those in the non-field trip class.
 
Keterampilan menulis berita adalah salah satu kemampuan penting yang harus dikuasai oleh siswa. Pembelajaran dengan mengajak siswa mengamati objek secara langsung membuat siswa menjadi lebih bisa memgembangkan ide dan kreatifitasnya. Solo merupakan kota yang identik dengan budaya batik. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk menginvestigasi dampak penerapan metode field trip yang berfokus pada budaya batik khas Solo terhadap kemampuan menulis berita siswa kelas VIII di SMP Al Muayyad Surakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan eksperimental kuasi dengan desain kelompok kontrol non-setara, melibatkan pengujian awal dan pengujian akhir. Terdapat dua kelas, eksperimen dan kontrol. Kelas eksperimen dilaksanakan dengan menerapkan metode field trip dengan mengajak siswa menjelajah kampung batik Laweyan, sedangkan kelas kontrol dilakukan dengan pembelajaran non field trip. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui tes yang mengukur hasil belajar atau proyek setelah pemberian tindakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan adanya pengaruh yang signifikan metode field trip berbasis budaya batik khas Solo terhadap kemampuan menulis teks berita siswa kelas VIII SMP Al Muayyad Surakarta. Analisis d Cohen menunjukan efeknya tergolong besar. Siswa di kelas field trip memiliki kemampuan menulis berita yang jauh lebih tinggi daripada di kelas non field trip.
Avanzando en la educación científica : propuestas basadas en la investigación del diseño para la alfabetización científic
Authors: Viafara Ortiz Robinson , Candela Rodríguez Boris Fernando , Godoy Morales Olga Lucia , Arboleda Piedrahita Yeison Andres , Castillo Cabezas María Camila , Blanco Rincón Joan Sebastián , Borrero García Ángela
Published: November 2024

La educación en ciencias y el conocimiento científico desempeñan un papel fundamental en el desarrollo tecnocientífico de las sociedades, lo cual es evidente en un mundo cada vez más complejo y globalizado. En este contexto, se requiere que los ciudadanos posean una comprensión sólida de los productos, procesos y naturaleza de las ciencias. Estos conocimientos, en conjunto con una enculturación sociopolítica, les permitirán identificar y formular problemas de carácter sociocientífico, así como participar de manera intencional en la búsqueda de soluciones. Además, se ha demostrado que los avances en la ciencia y la tecnología han tenido un impacto significativo en la humanidad, proporcionando numerosos beneficios en áreas importantes como la salud, las comunicaciones, la seguridad alimentaria y la energía. Estos avances han permitido el desarrollo de medicamentos más efectivos, la conectividad global y fuentes de energía más limpias, sin embargo, este progreso también ha generado sentimientos de riesgo e incertidumbre a nivel social y político (Zeidler, et al., 2005). Durante las últimas 6 Robinson Viafara Ortiz, Boris Fernando Candela cinco décadas, a nivel mundial, se han presentado problemas en diversas áreas, como el medio ambiente, la seguridad alimentaria, la manipulación genética, la disminución de la diversidad biológica y la sobreexplotación de productos farmacéuticos, entre otros. Esto ha llevado a que muchas entidades bióticas y abióticas, enfrenten amenazas existenciales significativas.
Semantic Gradient Decoupling for Contextual Precision in Large Language Models
Authors: Morgan Ana , Haverford Thaddeus , Fairchild Maximilian , Moore Thomas , Kensington Alistair
Published: November 2024

The Semantic Gradient Decoupling methodology introduces a novel approach to enhancing the performance of large language models through the separation of semantic and syntactic gradients during backpropagation. This technique addresses prevalent issues such as context fragmentation and gradient instability, thereby improving contextual coherence and semantic precision across various linguistic tasks. The implementation involves specific architectural modifications to opensource models, facilitating the integration of this methodology without significant computational overhead. Empirical evaluations demonstrate notable improvements in metrics including perplexity, cosine similarity, lexical diversity, and named entity recognition accuracy, showing the efficacy of this approach. Comparative analyses reveal that Semantic Gradient Decoupling outperforms baseline methods, highlighting its potential to influence the development of more robust and contextually aware natural language processing systems. The study also discusses the limitations of the current implementation and suggests potential directions for future research to further refine and expand the applicability of this methodology. The findings presented herein contribute to the ongoing discourse on optimizing large language model architectures and offer insights into achieving a balance between computational efficiency and linguistic performance.
Results from a Randomized Trial of Intensive Glucose Management Using CGM Versus Usual Care in Hospitalized Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: the “TIGHT” Study
Authors: B. Hirsch Irl , Draznin Boris , B. Buse John , Raghinaru Dan , Spanbauer Charles , E. Umpierrez Guillermo , Ullal Jagdeesh , S. Jones Morgan , C. Low Wang Cecilia , K. Spanakis Elias , H. Chao Jing , Sibayan Judy , Kollman Craig , E. Zabala Zohyra , Moazzami Bobak , L. Reynolds Shari , Ferrara Wanda , Fulghum Karla , Kass Alex , Armstrong Chase , Gilani Faryal , Seggelke Stacey , Churchill Jade , O. Monye Joseph , Y. Choe Monica , Scott William , D. Baran Jesica , Bais Rajlaxmi , Khakpour Dori , J. Pasque Francisco , M. Davis Georgia , Vellanki Priyathama , E. Kershaw Erin , Gligorijevic Nikola , Goley April , Garg Avni , Alexander Bonnie , C. Matson Brooke , Diner Jamie , R. Klein Klara , B. Adair Whitney , Choksi Palak , Huang Michelle , Vinh Jennifer , G. Singh Lakshmi , Beck Roy
Published: November 2024

Objective: To evaluate whether continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) could assist providers in intensifying glycemic management in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes. Research Design and Methods: At 6 academic hospitals, adults with type 2 diabetes hospitalized in a non-intensive care setting were randomly assigned to either standard therapy with a glucose target of 140-180 mg/dL (Standard group) or intensive therapy with glucose target of 90-130 mg/dL guided by CGM (Intensive group). The primary outcome was mean glucose measured with CGM (blinded in Standard group) and the key secondary outcome was CGM glucose <54 mg/dL. Results: Of the 110 participants included in the primary analysis, mean age was 61± 12 years and mean HbA1c was 8.9 ± 2.3% (73.8 ± 1.6 mmol/mol). During the study, CGM-measured mean glucose was 170 mg/dL in the Intensive group (N=60) versus 175 mg/dL in the Standard group (N=50, risk-adjusted difference -7 mg/dL; 95% confidence interval -19 to +5; p = 0.25). Only 7% of the Intensive group achieved the mean glucose target range of 90 to 130 mg/dL. CGM readings below 54 mg/dL were infrequent (0.2% for Intensive and 0.4% for Standard; adjusted treatment group difference = -0.1%, 95% CI -0.6% to 0.3%). One severe hypoglycemia event occurred in the Standard group. Conclusions: The study’s glucose management approach using CGM did not improve glucose levels compared with standard glucose management in the non-ICU hospital setting. A glucose target of 90-130 mg/dL may not be realistic in the current environment of insulin management in the hospital.
Pre-clinical development of a tolerogenic peptide from glutamate decarboxylase as a candidate for antigen-specific immunotherapy in type 1 diabetes
Authors: T. H. Ng Sky , J. Price Michael , Richardson Naomi , Nawaf Maher , Copland Alastair , B. Streeter Heather , Narendran Parth , C. Wraith David
Published: November 2024

Dysregulation and loss of immune tolerance towards pancreatic β-cell autoantigens are features of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Until recently, life-long insulin injection was the only approved treatment for T1D, and this does not address the underlying disease pathology. Antigen-specific immunotherapy (ASI) seeks to restore tolerance and holds potential as a new therapeutic strategy for treating autoimmune diseases with well characterised antigens. Peptide ASI using processing independent CD4+ T-cell epitopes (PIPs) shows promising results in several autoimmune diseases. Here we successfully applied the principles of PIP design to the T1D autoantigen glutamate decarboxylase 65 (GAD65). Peptides spanning GAD65 predicted to be pan-HLA-DR binding were selected. Peptide P10 displayed enriched responses in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from people with T1D. The minimal epitope of the P10 peptide was fine mapped using T-cell hybridomas generated from HLA-DRB1*04:01 transgenic mice. This minimal epitope, P10Sol, was demonstrated to induce tolerance to the parent peptide in HLA-DRB1*04:01 transgenic mice using a novel activation-induced marker assay. Finally, we show that GAD65 P10Sol PIP is recognised by CD4+ T-cells from people with T1D who possess a range of HLA-DR alleles and can, therefore, be defined as a pan-DR binding peptide with therapeutic potential.
Rehabilitation and care after hip fracture: a cost-utility analysis of stepped-wedge cluster randomized trial
Authors: Ipsen Jonas A. , Olsen Jan Abel , Viberg Bjarke , Pedersen Lars T. , Bruun Inge H. , Draborg Eva
Published: November 2024

Objective: To estimate the effectiveness and costs of Rehabilitation for Life (RFL) compared with usual rehabilitation and care after hip fracture to determine which course offered the most value for money.
Design: Cost-utility analysis.
Patient: Community-dwelling patients aged 65+ after hip fracture.
Method: 123 intervention and 122 control patients were included. Data was collected at 5 points from discharge to 1-year follow-up. Cost analysis included expenses to hospital, general practice, specialist services, medications, rehabilitation, home and informal care, transport, and waiting times. The primary outcome was the incremental cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY).
Results: The intervention group experienced a statistically significant mean QALY gain of 0.02 -compared with the control group. The intervention was more costly by €4,224, resulting in an incremental cost of €159,990 per QALY gained. Two municipalities had several patients in respite care, yielding an imbalance. A subanalysis excluding these patients demonstrated QALY gain at 0.03 and the cost difference of €2,586 was not statistically significant.
Conclusion: The intervention demonstrated a slight improvement in effectiveness over the control but was costly. For patients not requiring respite care, the intervention effect was slightly higher, and the cost differences statistically insignificant. In total 91% received informal care and the economic contribution of informal care exceeded the municipal home care services.
Ölüm ve Tedavi: İlhanlı Hanlarının Ölüm Sebepleri (1256-1335)
Authors: Odabaşı Zehra , Özel Esra
Published: November 2024

İnsan hayatının yadsınamaz bir gerçeği olan ölüm, tarih boyunca farklı şekillerde algılanmış, kimi zaman ömrü uzatmak için çabalar üretilmiş, kimi zaman da bir buluşma veya kurtuluş olarak görülmüştür. Bununla birlikte ölüm kadar karmaşık, çok yönlü ve çok nedenli bir konuyu tarihi bir süreç içinde sebepleriyle ele almak kolay değildir. Söz konusu hükümdarların ölümleri olduğunda ise tarihin her döneminde hem siyasi hem de toplumsal açıdan büyük bir ilgi uyanmış, hangi sebepten ötürü olursa olsun sıradan insanlara nazaran nüfuzlu kimselerin ölümleri üzerinde tartışılan ve araştırılan bir konu haline gelmiştir.
Bu çalışmanın konusunu oluşturan İlhanlı hanlarının ölümlerinin sebepleri maruz kalınan bir ölüm şekli olarak boğdurulma, yiyecek içecek, özel karışımlar ya da kesici aletler ile zehirlenme gibi öldürülme şekilleri ile tabii ölümler olan hastalık sonucu ölümlerden meydana gelmektedir. Bunların yanında devlet büyükleri bazen de ölümsüzlük arzusuyla yaşamlarını yitirebilmiştir. Bu ölümler ise devlet yönetiminde kaos ve karışıklıklara neden olabilmiştir. Bu durumda aniden ya da planlı olarak ortaya çıkan ölüm vakalarında devlet yönetiminin kime devredileceği sorusu bazen hızlıca çözülürken, bazen de müspet ya da menfi sonuçlara yol açmıştır.
Her ne kadar kaynaklarda İlhanlı hanlarının ölümlerinden bahsedilse de bu konuyla alakalı özgün bir çalışma bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışmada İlhanlı hanlarının hangi sebepten dolayı vefat ettiklerine değinilerek, İlhanlılar dönemini kapsayan Arapça, Farsça kaynaklar ile ilk Türkçe tıp kitaplarından yararlanılmıştır. Ayrıca daha sonraki dönemlerde yazılan İngilizce tetkik eserler ile İlhanlı coğrafyasında kaleme alınan muhtelif kaynaklara başvurularak bir değerlendirme yapılmıştır. İlhanlı hanlarının vefatları dönemin siyasal, sosyal ve ekonomik pek çok meselesini etkilemesi bakımından çok yönlü bir araştırma ve inceleme sürecini gerektirdiği için mevcut kaynaklar ışığında yapılan incelemeler sonucunda bu çalışma ortaya koyulmuştur. Orta Çağ tıp tarihine ve İlhanlı araştırmalarına katkı sağlamak bu çalışmanın temel hedefidir.
Abordagens metodológicas quantitativas, qualitativas e mistas nas pesquisas em linguagem oral publicadas nos periódicos brasileiros de fonoaudiologia
Authors: Pallotta Mara Lucia , Gouveia Letícia Batista , Cunha Maria Claudia
Published: November 2024

Introdução: A temática das abordagens metodológicas quantitativas, qualitativas e mistas em pesquisas de Linguagem Oral é essencial para a compreensão do contexto em que essas pesquisas são realizadas em relação à produção de conhecimento científico no campo da Fonoaudiologia, partindo do pressuposto de que a Linguagem Oral é um fenômeno de vasta complexidade biopsicossocial. Objetivo: Investigar as ocorrências das abordagens metodológicas qualitativas, quantitativas ou mistas nas pesquisas em Linguagem Oral publicadas nos periódicos brasileiros de Fonoaudiologia. Método: Casuística: publicações nas revistas Audiology Communication Research (ACR), Revista CEFAC, Communication Disorders and Sciences (CoDAS) e Revista Distúrbios da Comunicação (DIC) entre Janeiro/2020 e Março/2024. Procedimento: 1. leitura dos títulos e resumos. 2. após a coleta, as autoras atuaram como juízes para elaboração do banco de dados; os dados coletados foram transportados para planilha Microsoft Excel® com as variáveis: título; autores; data de publicação; periódico e abordagens metodológicas. Resultados e discussão: N=129 publicações; ACR: N=24; 6 (25%) quantitativas, 15 (62,5%) qualitativas e 3 (12,5%) mistas. CEFAC: N=27; 15 (55,56%) quantitativas; 10 (37,04%) qualitativas; 2 (7,40%) mistas. CODAS: N=48; 34 (70,83%) quantitativas; 4 (8,34%) qualitativas; 10 (20,83%) mistas. DIC: N=30; 9 publicações quantitativas (30%), 16 qualitativas (53,33%), 5 (16,67%) mistas. A pesquisa quantitativa predominou nas publicações dos periódicos CEFAC e CODAS. Nos periódicos ACR e DIC predominaram estudos qualitativos. Os estudos com abordagem mista surgem com menor representatividade no período analisado. Conclusão: O estudo aponta uma diversidade metodológica significativa, com variações nas proporções de estudos quantitativos, qualitativos e mistos com predominância da abordagem quantitativa.
Transtorno do Espectro Autista
Authors: Scalcon Alana Zonfrilli , Cordeiro Michelly Daiane de Souza Gaspar , Marcolino-Galli Juliana
Published: November 2024

Introdução: O diagnóstico de TEA é um assunto contemporâneo, todavia, as pesquisas estão direcionadas para diagnóstico precoce e pouco se discute sobre os relatos de diagnóstico tardios. Além disso, incluir a variável sexo feminino nesta discussão amplia a complexidade da temática. Objetivos: Detalhar o processo diagnóstico tardio de TEA em mulheres, considerando se o sexo teve impacto nesse processo e quais foram as mudanças na vida após receberem o diagnóstico. Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa de cunho qualitativa e descritiva. Participaram desta pesquisa 3 mulheres que foram selecionadas a partir de páginas das redes sociais que continham relatos pessoais com a temática de seus processos de diagnóstico de TEA. As entrevistas foram realizadas via Plataforma Google Meet e presencial. Resultados: As mulheres entrevistadas tinham idade entre 20 e 33 anos. Todas relataram que o diagnóstico foi corroborado por um médico e testes neuropsicológicos. Além disso, mencionaram a variável sexo como um fator correlacionado aos seus diagnósticos tardios. A análise e interpretação dos dados foi realizada a partir de uma posição linguística-discursiva. A discussão abordou o peso do discurso médico e os efeitos nas relações e posições subjetivas e linguística-discursivas nas mulheres entrevistadas a partir de autores filiados a Clínica de Linguagem e a Psicanálise. Considerações finais: Esta pesquisa amplia as possibilidades de discussão pouco investigadas na literatura sobre o diagnóstico tardio em mulheres. Essa temática é constantemente explorada em mídias sociais e ainda merece devido refinamento teórico a partir de pesquisas que considerem a linguagem e a constituição subjetiva.
Elintapojen yhteys keski-ikäisten suomalaisten terveyspalvelujen käyttöön
Authors: Siltasalmi Saara , Kähkönen Kaisa , Leinonen Anna-Maiju , Korpelainen Raija , Nurkkala Marjukka
Published: November 2024

Terveyttä edistävät elintavat ovat tutkitusti yhteydessä vähäisempään terveyspalvelujen käyttöön ja pienempiin terveydenhuollon kustannuksiin, kun taas epäterveelliset elintavat on yhdistetty runsaampiin terveydenhuoltokäynteihin ja korkeampaan riskiin joutua sairaalahoitoon. Toisaalta terveyttä edistäviä ja sairauksia ehkäiseviä elintapoja noudattavien on havaittu käyttävän enemmän ennaltaehkäiseviä terveyspalveluja ja hakeutuvan hoitoon herkemmin.
Terveyspalveluihin lukeutuvat perusterveydenhuolto, erikoissairaanhoito, työterveyshuolto ja yksityinen terveydenhuolto. Tässä tutkimuksessa tarkasteltiin perusterveydenhuollon palvelujen käyttömääriä sisältäen käynnit julkisessa terveyskeskuksessa, työterveyshuollossa ja yksityisillä palveluntuottajilla. Tavoitteena oli selvittää, ovatko elintavat yhteydessä keski-ikäisten terveyspalvelujen käyttömäärään.
Tutkimuksessa käytettiin Pohjois-Suomen syntymäkohortti 1966 -tutkimuksen kyselyaineistoa, joka oli kerätty tutkittavien ollessa keskimäärin 46-vuotiaita. Kyselylomakkeella kartoitettiin tutkittavien terveydentila, ruokatottumukset (rasvavalinnat, kasvisten käyttöuseus, leivän kulutus, ateriarytmi), vapaa-ajan liikunta, uni, alkoholin käyttö ja tupakointi. Elintapojen ja terveyspalvelujen käytön yhteyksien analysointiin käytettiin ristiintaulukointia, χ2-testiä, riippumattomien otosten t-testiä sekä logistista regressioanalyysia.
Terveellisistä elintavoista runsaampi leivästä saatu kuitu ja 7–9 tunnin yöunet olivat yhteydessä vähäisempään terveyspalvelujen käyttöön, ja ruokavalion parempi rasvan laatu sekä kasvisten tiheämpi käyttö runsaampaan terveyspalvelujen käyttöön. Epäterveellisistä elintavoista tupakointi oli yhteydessä runsaampaan palvelujen käyttöön. Monimuuttujamallissa, muiden tekijöiden vaikutus huomioiden, ylipaino (painoindeksi ≥25 kg/m2), sairastavuus, kasvisten tiheämpi käyttö ja tupakointi olivat yhteydessä runsaampaan terveyspalvelujen käyttöön.
Tutkimuksen tulokset mukailivat osittain aiempaa kansainvälistä tutkimusnäyttöä, sillä runsaampaan terveyspalvelujen käyttöön oli yhteydessä sekä epäterveellisiä että terveellisiä elintapoja. Terveellisten elintapojen yhteys terveyspalvelujen käyttöön voi liittyä ennaltaehkäisevien terveyspalvelujen hyödyntämiseen tai johtua jo puhjenneiden sairauksien vuoksi tehdyistä elintapamuutoksista, mitä ei tarkasteltu tässä tutkimuksessa.
Toisen asteen opiskelijoiden masennusoireilu ennen koronapandemiaa ja sen aikana: Kohorttivertailututkimus
Authors: Isopahkala Veera , Lukka Senja , Sorkkila Matilda , Vasalampi Kati , Pakarinen Eija , Kiuru Noona
Published: November 2024

Tässä pitkittäistutkimuksessa tarkasteltiin suomalaisten toisen asteen opiskelijoiden masennusoireilua ennen koronapandemiaa sekä pandemia-aikana osana laajempaa EduRESCUE-hanketta. Lisäksi tutkittiin sukupuolen ja koulutuspaikan yhteyksiä masennusoireiluun. Tutkimuksessa verrattiin kahta kohorttia toisen asteen opiskelijoiden masennusoireilun esiintyvyyden ja kehityksen suhteen. Ensimmäisessä mittapisteessä tutkittavat opiskelivat ensimmäistä vuottaan ja toisessa mittapisteessä kolmatta vuottaan toisen asteen opinnoissa. Ensimmäinen kohortti koostui keväällä 2017 ja syksyllä 2018 ennen koronapandemiaa kerätystä KOULUPOLKU-kohorttiaineistosta (n = 506). Toinen kohortti koostui keväällä 2019 ennen koronapandemiaa ja syksyllä 2020 koronapandemian aikana kerätystä TIKAPUU II-kohorttiaineistosta (n = 645). Tulokset osoittivat, että jopa yli viidenneksellä toisen asteen opiskelijoista masennusoireilun kliininen raja-arvo ylittyi, ja masennusoireilua esiintyi enemmän tytöillä kuin pojilla. Lukiolaisten ja ammatillisessa koulutuksessa opiskelevien masennusoireilussa ei sen sijaan ollut eroja. Masennusoireilu myös lisääntyi tilastollisesti merkitsevästi toisen asteen opintojen aikana sekä ennen koronapandemiaa että sen aikana. Vaikka masennusoireilun kehitys oli samankaltaista molemmissa kohorttiaineistoissa, kaksi vuotta myöhemmin kerätyssä TIKAPUU II-kohorttiaineistossa opiskelijat raportoivat KOULUPOLKU-kohorttia enemmän masennusoireilua jo ennen koronapandemiaa. Tulokset antavat viitteitä siitä, että nuorten masennusoireilu on lisääntynyt niin lukiossa kuin ammatillisessa koulutuksessa opiskelevien keskuudessa koronapandemiasta riippumatta. Tämä kehityskulku on huolestuttavaa niin nuorten koulutusurien kuin mielenterveydenkin näkökulmasta. Kouluyhteisöissä olisi tärkeää panostaa nuorten hyvinvoinnin tukemiseen jokapäiväisessä kouluarjessa. Lisäksi koulutuspoliittisessa päätöksenteossa on tärkeää varmistaa, että hyvinvoinnin tukeminen on selkeästi osa oppimisen tukea.
Ennakoivasti aloitettu ryhmärakentaminen – kestävää ja kustannustehokasta vanhuuden turvaa
Authors: Kero Katja , Arikka Harri , Kero Markku , Rantala Markus J. , Langén Ville
Published: November 2024

Ryhmärakentaminen tarkoittaa rakennushanketta, jossa joukko yksityishenkilöitä tai perheitä yhdistää voimavaransa suunnitellakseen, rakennuttaakseen ja rahoittaakseen asuinrakennuksia yhdessä. Tavoitteena on usein luoda yhteisöllisiä asuinympäristöjä ja mahdollistaa yksilölliset ratkaisut kustannustehokkaasti. Väestörakenteen ikääntyessä on noussut tarve kestäville ja innovatiivisille ratkaisuille vanhusten hoivan ja asumisen järjestämiseksi. Perinteiset hoitolaitokset eivät aina pysty vastaamaan yksilöllisiin tarpeisiin, sillä monet ikääntyneet ihmiset haluavat säilyttää sekä mahdollisimman suuren autonomian että yhteisöllisyyden elämässään. Nykyiset hoitolaitokset eivät tarjoa riittävää tilaa suuremman jälkikasvun kokoontumiselle ja altistavat vanhusten sulkeutumiselle ainoastaan oman ikäistensä seuraan. Suuri ajankohtainen haaste on myös laitosrakenteen purkaminen ja kotona asumisen mahdollistaminen. Nykyiset asunnot eivät sovellu laadukkaaseen senioriasumiseen. Ikäihmiset tulevat kuitenkin jatkossa asumaan omissa kodeissaan nykyistäkin pidempään. Ryhmärakentaminen on noussut esiin mielenkiintoisena vaihtoehtona, joka tarjoaa mahdollisuuden yhteisölliseen asumiseen ja hoivaan. Ennakoivassa ryhmärakentamisessa henkilö voi itse suunnitella seniorivaiheen asumistarpeensa ja huomioida samalla ekologisen rakentamisen. Energiatehokkaat rakennukset, uusiutuvien energialähteiden käyttö, veden säästöön tähtäävät ratkaisut sekä viherrakentaminen edistävät lisäksi kestävää kehitystä. Keski-iässä aloitettu ennakoiva suunnittelu tarjoaa yhden tehokkaan keinon vastata tulevaisuuden senioriasumisen taloudellisiin, yhteiskunnallisiin ja globaaleihin haasteisiin.
PEMEROLEHAN BAHASA PADA ANAK SEKOLAH DASAR DI LINGKUNGAN ETNIS BATAK MANDAILING
Authors: Alfani Dian , Harahap Lilya Arindah , Hutagalung Trisnawati
Published: November 2024

Abstrak Analisis ini merupakan analisis yang berguna memperdalam ilmu Psikolinguistik dalam analisis dengan sasaran subjek yaitu anak Sekolah Dasar yang berada di wilayah etnis Mandailing yaitu Kec. NA IX-X, Kab. Labuhan Batu Utara, Sumatera Utara. Fokus penelitian bertujuan  untuk memperoleh hasil analisis pemerolehan bahasa terhadap anak Sekolah Dasar di lingkungan etnis Btak Mandailing. Rumusan masalah yang diajukan adalah bagaimana bahasa Indonesia itu diperoleh pada anak yang penggunaan bahasa sehari-harinya adalah bahasa daerah. Penelitian termasuk kedalam jenis deskriptif kualitatif yang kerap digunakan untuk menganalisis kejadian, fenomena, atau keadaan secara sosial. Kualitatif adalah penelitian yang yang bermaksud untuka memahami fenomena yang dialami oleh subjek penelitian secara holistic dan dengan cara deskripsi dalam bentuk kata-kata dan bahasa.  Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik observasi langsung kepada penutur bahasa yang menjadi subjek penelitian. Kata Kunci: Psikolinguistik, pemerolehan Bahasa
PILIHAN BAHASA ETNIS TIONGHOA DI KECAMATAN PANTAI CERMIN KABUPATEN SERDANG BEDAGAI
Authors: Nurmaningsih Nurmaningsih , Chairunisa Hera
Published: November 2024

Abstrak Data dalam penelitian ini adalah tuturan atau jawaban responden atas pertanyaan-pertanyaan yang disampaikan melalui angket, wawancara, dan sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah 60 orang responden yang telah mengisi angket. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan, yaitu penulis langsung terjun ke daerah penelitian untuk mengumpulkan data. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini adalah teknik koesioner, teknik pengamatan berpartisipasi, dan teknik rekaman dan pancingan. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh adalah kemampuan bilingual etnis Tionghoa terkait dengan pilihan bahasa, yakni kemempuan menggunakan dua bahasa yaitu Bahasa Indonesia (BI) dan Bahasa Tionghoa (BT) sebesar 41,7% dari 100%, kemudian kemampuan menggunakan tiga bahasa yaitu Bahasa Indonesia (BI), Bahasa Tionghoa (BT), dan Bahasa Jawa (BJ) sebanyak 28,3%, selanjutnya disusul dengan kemampuan menggunakan empat bahasa yakni Bahasa Indonesia (BI), Bahasa Tionghoa (BT), Bahasa Jawa (BJ) dan Bahasa Melayu (BM) sebanyak  16,6%, kemudian kemampuan menggunakan Bahasa Indonesia (BI), Bahasa Tionghoa (BT), dan Bahasa Melayu (BM) sebanyak 6,7%, dan yang terakhir adalah kemampuan menggunakan Bahasa Indonesia (BI), Bahasa Tionghoa (BT) dan bahasa lainnya yang diketahui sebagai bahasa Batak dan bahasa Inggris sebanyak 6,7%. Pada ranah keluarga etnis Tionghoa dominan menggunakan pilihan bahasa Tionghoa (BT) dan diikuti Bahasa Indonesia. sedangkan pada ranah Ketetanggaan dan ranah transaksi etnis Tionghoa lebih dominan menggunakan pilihan Bahasa Indonesia (BI) dan diikuti pilihan Bahasa Tionghoa (BT). Terdapat faktor-faktor yang mendasari pilihan basa etnis Tionghoa di Kecamatan Pantai Cermin, yaitu (1) situasi tutur, (2) partisipan dalam interaksi, (3) topik percakapan, dan (4) fungsi interaksi.Kata Kunci: masyarakat tutur, kedwibahasaan, pilihan bahasa
ANALISIS PSIKOLINGUISTIK TERAPAN TERHADAP PUISI “AKULAH MEDAN” KARYA TEJA PURNAMA
Authors: Sibarani Anggi Kristian , Karlina Junita
Published: November 2024

Abstrak Puisi adalah ungkapan perasaan yang dapat memadukan suatu respon yang mendalam melalui kata-kata. Puisi termasuk salah satu bentuk karya sastra yang diciptakan seorang penyair. Isi pada puisi merupakan ungkapan batin sebagai hasil proses kreatif terhadap objek seni. Objek seni ini berupa masalah-masalah kehidupan atau berbagai hal yang menyentuh kesadaran seseorang. Puisi diciptakan dalam suasana perasaan intensif yang menuntut pengucapan jiwa yang spontan dan padat. Melalui puisi juga seseorang menyuarakan isi hati dan mengungkapkan dirinya sendiri secara ekspresif. Puisi dapat dikaji dengan subdisiplin ilmu Psikolinguistik. Psikolinguistik mencoba menerangkan hakikat struktur bahasa dan bagaimana struktur ini diperoleh yang dapat digunakan pada waktu bertutur maupun memahami kalimat-kalimat (ujaran-ujaran). Pentingnya topik Penelitian  terhadap psikolinguistik terapan pada puisi Akulah Medan karya Teja Purnama adalah sebagai berikut : (1) Memahami defenisi  dari psikolinguistik terapan.(2) Memahami ragam teori psikolinguistik terapan. (3) Memahami kajian psikolinguistik terapan pada puisi Akulah Medan Karya Teja PurnamaKata kunci : Puisi, Psikolinguistik, Seni
METAFORA KONSEPTUAL DALAM WACANA COVID-19 Di MEDIA MASSA ONLINE
Authors: Sembiring Gunawan , Surip Muhammad
Published: November 2024

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan metafora konsetual dalam wacana Covid-19 yang terdapat pada laman kompas.com dan detik.com meliputi: Jenis-jenis metafora, makna metafora dan pemetaan konseptual metafora dalam teks wacana tersebut. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah teks wcana  dalam laman kompas.com dan detik.com. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan teori metafora Konseptual Lakoff dan Jhonson (2003) dan teori makna metafora Lech (1997) sebagai landasan teori. Hasil penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut. Terdapat 3 jenis metafora dalam teks wacana Covid-19 di media massa online, yaitu jenis metafora struktural, metafora orientasional, metafora ontologikal. Dalam teks wacana tersebut ditemukan 30 data yang terbagi menjadi tiga jenis metafora berdasarkan teori Lakoff dan Johnson, yaitu sepuluh data pada metafora struktural, sepuluh pada metafora orientasional, dan sepuluh data pada metafora ontologis. Terdapat beberapa makna konseptual pada setiap jenis metafora, metafora struktural memiliki tujuh makna konseptual yaitu: musuh, membatasi, meyerang, rencana, masker, pemimpin, dan manusia. Metafora orientasional memiliki sembilan makna konseptual yaitu: penambahan, pengurangan, peninjauan, kualitas, penurunan, bangun, menyesuaikan diri, peningkatan, dan perkembangan. Metafora ontologis memiliki sepuluh makna konseptual yaitu: bertambah, persetujuan, penyebab, berhati-hati, berbahaya, bertahan, proses, berhenti, tegas, dan penurunan.Kata Kunci: Metafora, wacana Covid-19, laman berita, skema citra, dan  pemetaan  konseptual.
ANALISIS WACANA KRITIS CUITAN AKUN TWITTER ERNEST PRAKASA
Authors: Pardede Rachel Ceciliany , Khairani Ita , Pranachitra Bima
Published: November 2024

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat makna-makna yang tersembunyi dari cuitan Ernest Prakasa menggunakan pendekatan Analisis Wacana Kritis dengan teori milik Teun A. Van Dijk. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pustaka, simak dan catat. Teknik ini digunakan agar memperoleh data secara rinci dan menyeluruh.Dari penelitian yang menggunakan 20 data di dapatkan hasil analisis teks cuitan akun Twitter Ernest Prakasa yang berlatarkan isu-isu politik, diperoleh 20 tematik, 2 skematik, 12 semantik, 1 sintaksis, 7 stilistik, dan 8 retoris yang ditentukan oleh struktur makro, superstruktur, dan struktur mikro. Hasil pemerolehan kognisi sosial cuitan akun Twitter Ernest Prakasa yang berlatarkan isu-isu politik didapatkan 1 kesadaran, 1 pengetahuan, 1 kepercayaan, dan 1 praanggapan. Hasil pemerolehan konteks cuitan akun Twitter Ernest Prakasa yang berlatarkan isu-isu politik dalam penelitian ini diperoleh 2 hasil yaitu pertama kekuasaan yang dipengaruhi oleh sumber nilai dan persuasif dan yang kedua akese yang didapat dari kaum elit.Kata Kunci:  Wacana Kritis, Teks, Kognisi Sosial, Konteks
Otázniky nad aplikáciou Nariadenia (EÚ) č. 883/2004 o koordinácii systémov sociálneho zabezpečenia pri poskytovaní štátnych sociálnych dávok (prídavku na dieťa)
Authors:   Právnická fakulty Univerzity Komenského v Bratislave, Macková Zuzana
Published: November 2024

The rules of coordination according to the EU regulation 883/2004 acquire their meaning especially in context of payment of the family benefits to another state of the EU – i.e. when children of the employed parent do not live in the same EU member state, in which the parent is employed. As a matter of principle, family benefits including the child allowance, belong to the employee or the self-employed person according to legislative standard and amount in his or her country of employment, regardless the residence of family members. This is generally known as the principle of equal treatment. A lower cost of living in the EU member state where the family members, including children may reside and live, is therefore of no relevance. However, in case when a minor child cannot be considered a family member of the employee in another EU member state because he or she does not fulfill the condition of sharing of a common household with the respective parent, as defined in the Article 1.i).3 of the EU regulation 883/2004, the regulation cannot be applied. It is, instead, the national social security legislation of the EU member state, where the child lives with another parent (in our case the Slovak Republic) fulfilling the condition of sharing of a common household, that must apply. This is to prevent the so-called negative collision of two different national legislations that might lead to failure in protection, as well as to avoid the so-called positive collision of parallel Social Security coverage in two different EU member states. To practically secure the right to social security to family members, including small children through reception of the child allowances, therefore requires the application of the national social security legislation of the EU member state where the parent taking daily, and actual care of the child permanently resides.
Property regime of couples in civil partnership in Hungarian law
Authors:   University of Miskolc, Szentgyörgyi Luca
Published: November 2024

Act V of 2013 on the Civil Code (hereinafter: Civil Code) has placed the legal material governing de facto life partners on completely new foundations, the changes can be detected especially in relation to property relations. The aim of the regulation is to establish independence and self-reliance regarding the relationship between the partners. Act IV of 1959 on the Civil Code of the Republic of Hungary (hereinafter: old Civil Code) the property regime of de facto partners was derived from the rules of the civil law society. Civil partnerships were first recognised as existing legal institutions in Hungary in 1977, when the legislator placed them in the contract law section, the effect of which can still be felt today, as most of the rules relating to partners are contained in the Obligation Book of the Civil Code in force. The purpose of my presentation is to present the Hungarian legislation governing civil partners.
Sloboda prejavu verzus právo na ochranu výsledkov tvorivej duševnej činnosti a možnosti jeho trestnoprávnej ochrany
Authors:   Univerzita Pavla Jozefa Šafárika v Košiciach, Právnická fakulta, Katedra trestného práva, Vinerová Bronislava
Published: November 2024

In her contribution, the author focuses on the relationship between freedom of expression and the right to protection of the results of creative intellectual activity, since their mutual relationship in legal theory is not given much attention. As part of the article, the author also focuses on private law and public means of copyright protection in the legal order of the Slovak Republic, especially the crime of copyright infringement under § 283 of Act no. 300/2005 Coll. criminal code with reference to application problems.
„Právo veta“ stálých členů Rady bezpečnosti OSN a limity jeho výkonu
Authors:   Právnická fakulta Univerzity Karlovy, Ministerstvo zahraničních věcí, Zukal Marek
Published: November 2024

The UN Charter confers upon the so-called permanent members of the Security Council the veto power in relation to most draft resolutions (although not explicitly). This article briefly describes the historical background of the creation of the veto power and its legal regulation. It also provides an overview of the use of the veto since the foundation of the UN to the present, showing that after a brief period in the 1990s, the frequency of veto use is now on the rise again, raising questions about the effectiveness of the collective security system. Some limits to the exercise of the veto power are then outlined, arising both from the voluntary self-restraint of some permanent members of the Security Council and from existing international law, particularly in situations where crimes under international law are committed. Last but not least, the article also examines the efforts of non-members of the Security Council to pressure permanent members to exercise restraint in the use of the veto, as manifested, inter alia, by the General Assembly resolution known as the Veto Initiative.
About sources of antigravity
Authors: Guts A.K.
Published: November 2024

A formula is given for the “gravitational” force in a constant static spherically symmetric space-time, which allows us to describe the change from gravity to antigravity. Possible sources of antigravity are analyzed.
Heuristic Network for ChatBot
Authors: Shovin V.A.
Published: November 2024

An efficient algorithm of a heuristic network has been developed, similar in some properties to a recurrent neural network for a virtual interlocutor program. The algorithm has been improved using an explanatory dictionary of the Russian language. A generator of new answers based on statistical information from the knowledge base has been introduced into the heuristic network.
SELF-REGULATION OF MENTAL STATES OF THE PERSONALITY IN ADOLESCENCE
Authors: ANTILOGOVA L.N. , CHERKEVICH E.A.
Published: November 2024

The psychological essence of self-regulation, its structure and types are revealed. The main characteristics of self-regulation of mental states of the individual are described, and the definition of this concept is given. The features of self-regulation of mental states in adolescence are highlighted. Based on empirical research, the dominant positive and negative mental states of adolescents, as well as the levels of self-regulation of mental states, are presented.
SUBJECTIVE AND OBJECTIVE PROFESSIONAL FAILURE: A TYPOLOGICAL APPROACH
Authors: KROLEVETS O.P.
Published: November 2024

The article is devoted to the problem of personal failure and professional failure in particular. Based on the results of the study, personality types were identified and described according to the criterion of objective and subjective experience of professional failure. When constructing the typology, such personal characteristics as responsibility, locus of control, self-esteem, level of aspiration, perfectionism, and optimism were taken into account.
Design Modification and Finite Element Analysis of Stainless Steel 316L Locking Compression Plates for Mid-Transverse Fractures
Authors:   School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, 40450, Selangor, MALAYSIA
Published: November 2024

Bone fracture is the most common orthopedics problem. To achieve stability in the internal fixation of bone fragments, apply a Locking Compression Plate (LCP), which consists of a set of plates and screws. Common materials used for the bone fixation plate are stainless steel, titanium, and other metal alloys. Those materials are stiffer than cortical bone, causing a stress shielding effect. The stress shielding phenomenon takes place during bone remodelling, which affects the growth of bone and bone loss upon the healing process. The purpose of this study is to design the best LCP to minimize or eliminate the stress shielding issue for tibia shaft fracture. A reverse engineering process is used to obtain the solid part using 3D scanning, and data clean-up is done in CATIA V5, which is then used to be imported into the finite element software ANSYS 23R2. The fracture simulation is on transverse type fractures with the creation of a gap of 1 mm around the mid-tibial shaft region. Several boundary conditions will be parametrized, such as material properties, contact definitions, meshing, and loading conditions in preprocessing. This paper examines and simulates the behaviour of LCP under a load via finite element analysis (FEA). Design 2 was selected due to its superior stress distribution,resulting in the LCP bearing only 177.98 MPa with a total deformation of 0.57 mm