bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECT OF TELEWORK AND SOCIAL ISOLATION ON JOB SATISFACTION MEDIATING JOB STRESS AND WORK-LIFE BALANCE IN INDONESIA
Authors: Siregar Putra Iranto Kevin , Rachmawati Riani
Published: June 2023

Implementasi telework pada organisasi tumbuh secara pesar pesat karena perkembangan teknologi dan informasi. Selain itu pandemi COVID-19 juga turut meningkatkan jumlah organisasi yang menerapkan telework. Namun, terdapat beberapa masalah dalam implementasi telework perlu menjadi perhatian organisasi. Banyak pekerja merasa terisolasi secara sosial dari tempat kerja mereka, yang dapat mempengaruhi peningkatan stres mereka. Selain itu berdasarkan hasil penelitian empiris dan survey yang dilakukan oleh berbagai institusi menyimpulkan perlu juga dipertimbangkan pengaruh telework pada stres kerja, work-life balance , dan job satisfaction., Studi ini menyelidiki bagaimana telework dan isolasi sosial mempengaruhi kepuasan kerja dengan efek mediasi stres kerja dan keseimbangan kehidupan kerja di Indonesia . Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner berbasis daring. Analisis model dilakukan dengan Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) terhadap 280 orang responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi telework berpengaruh positif terhadap job satisfaction . Telework terbukti berdampak positif terhadap work-life balance dan menurunkan job stress. Social isolation terbukti memberikan dampak negatif terhadap job satisfaction. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa job stress dan work-life balance dapat memediasi hubungan antara telework dan social isolation. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa implementasi telework yang memberikan otonomi dan fleksibilitas dapat berimplikasi positif terhadap job satisfaction karyawan. Organisasi juga perlu memberikan dukungan dan media komunikasi yang baik sehingga karyawan tidak merasa terisolasi dari lingkungan kerjanya.
Digitalization of Knowledge in the Islamic Civilization: A ‎History
Authors: Bergaudas Paulius
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this study is first to give a comprehensive historical analysis of the preservation and transmission of knowledge in the Islamic civilization from the time of oral transmission to the contemporary era of digitalization. Such analysis provides us with a particular insight for how Muslims should respond to the digitalization of knowledge in the contemporary era. It presents that knowledge digitalization raises a lot of concerns, such as the increasing laziness of students, and decreasing value of knowledge. Through explanatory analysis of secondary sources on the history of knowledge preservation and dissemination, it has been found that in the digitalization of knowledge is not an unprecedented change, rather, in the history of Islamic Civilization, preservation of knowledge went through four different stages: the writing other than the Quran, writing “words of men,” printing press, and the contemporary era of digitalization. The results of this paper present that conservative Islamic response to the technology which changes knowledge preservation is a critical and rational response. Also, it suggests that today Muslims in general, and scholars in particular, should applaud the digitalization of Islamic knowledge, but keep in control of its possible harms.
Poroelastic-Flow Model for Permeability Loss Management in Biot’s Stress-Sensitive Oil Reservoirs with Finite Extent Hydraulic Fractures During Well-Reservoir Drawdown
Authors: Fernandes Fernando Bastos , Braga Arthur M. B.
Published: June 2023

The evaluation of geomechanical effects and fluid flow related to pressure transient phenomena in fractured Biot’s stress-sensitive oil reservoirs is essential to minimize the mechanical formation damage and extend the well-reservoir life cycle for economical production. Therefore, the management of the damage caused by effective permeability loss in this type of reservoir becomes essential to productivity maintenance. This paper proposes a new unsteady-state poroelastic solution for the nonlinear hydraulic diffusivity equation (NHDE) in Biot’s effective stress-sensitive reservoirs fully penetrated by fractured oil wells. The hydraulic fracture in the proposed mathematical modeling is finite with tip effects and crosses the whole reservoir net-pay. A new permeability stress-sensitive pseudopressure m⁢(σ′) is developed, and the solution of the NHDE is derived in terms of this function. The NHDE is expanded in a first-order asymptotic series, and a poroelastic integro-differential solution coupled to a Green’s function is used to represent the source/sink term. A set of pore pressure and permeability data is used from geomechanical literature and transformed into effective stress through Biot’s equation. The effects of the Biot’s coefficient, overburden stress, oil flow rate, fracture’s tip, and proppant porosity arrangements are simulated. The results show that these parameters are essential to minimize formation damage. Model calibration is performed using a numerical oil flow simulator named IMEX®, widely used in the oil industry. The accuracy, ease of implementation, and low computational costs constitute the main advantages of the model addressed in this paper. Hence, it may be a valuable and attractive mathematical tool to identify flow regimes, providing permeability loss control and supporting well-reservoir management.
Severe 21st-century ocean acidification demands continuance and expansion of Antarctic Marine Protected Areas
Authors: Nissen Cara , Lovenduski Nicole , Brooks Cassandra , Hoppema Mario , Timmermann Ralph , Hauck Judith
Published: June 2023

Antarctic coastal waters are home to several established or proposed Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) supporting exceptional biodiversity, which is threatened by anthropogenic climate change. Despite a particular sensitivity to ocean acidification (OA), little is known about the future carbonate chemistry of high-latitude Southern Ocean waters. Here, we use a high resolution ocean–sea ice–biogeochemistry model with realistic ice-shelf geometry to investigate 21st-century OA in Antarctic MPAs under four emission scenarios. By 2100, we project surface pH declines of up to 0.42 (total scale), corresponding to a 161% increase in hydrogen ion concentration relative to the 1990s. End-of-century aragonite undersaturation is ubiquitous across MPAs under the three highest emission scenarios. Vigorous vertical mixing of anthropogenic carbon on the continental shelves produces severe OA within the Weddell Sea, East Antarctic, and Ross Sea MPAs. Our findings call for continuity and expansion of Antarctic MPAs to reduce pressures on ecosystem integrity.
Development of a Decision Support System for the Design of Irrigation Main
Authors: Karatt Shaheemath Suhara Kunhamu , Veerabadran Ravikumar
Published: June 2023

A web-based application has been developed to optimize the design of main pipe in a pressurized irrigation system, with several submains connected to it and operating simultaneously. The software uses routine procedures generally adopted in drip main design and advancements in software development methodologies to optimize the design of drip irrigation mains. The software features an easy-to-use interface which makes it easy for non-technical users to navigate the software and create main designs without needing extensive training or expertise. The design report can be downloaded in the user-required format. Additionally, the software has the capability to visually depict pressure head distribution curves, required pressure head, and ground profile in a more usable and intuitive way for designers. Preprocessing of input data for the web application is minimal. The application has undergone several tests using different sample data covering all use cases to ensure its accuracy and reliability. Demonstrations were conducted for designers to assess the effectiveness of the developed web application, and we received favorable feedback from them. The application can be accessed via the website http://www.dripdesigncheck.in/ or by contacting the corresponding author.
Integrating Machine Learning in Environmental DNA Metabarcoding for Improved Biodiversity Assessment: A Review and Analysis of Recent Studies
Authors: Rahim Fakher , Bodnar Nataliia , Qasim Nameer Hashim , Jawad Aqeel Mahmood , Ahmed Omar Saad
Published: June 2023

A subset of artificial intelligence (AI) known as "machine learning" (ML) allows computer systems to learn from experience and advance without explicit programming. Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding is a rapidly expanding scientific method for determining species' existence in the environment. It includes sequencing DNA from environmental samples. This work investigates how machine learning (ML) could be used in eDNA metabarcoding to enhance biodiversity estimates. Reviewing current work on the use of ML in eDNA metabarcoding, this paper focuses on the various ML algorithms utilized, the varied kinds of data inputs, and the advances in biodiversity assessment that occur. In 23 investigations, machine learning (ML) was used for Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding. In terms of increasing the precision and effectiveness of eDNA metabarcoding for biodiversity assessments, ML has shown encouraging outcomes. In addition to accurately classifying and predicting species from eDNA sequences, ML algorithms may uncover uncommon or invasive species often overlooked by conventional techniques. According to the research we looked at, compared to conventional approaches, there was an average increase of 20% in detection sensitivity and 14% in species richness. Adding ML to eDNA metabarcoding has enormous promise for enhancing ecological monitoring and biodiversity assessments. Nonetheless, it is essential to choose suitable ML algorithms, ensure there are enough training datasets, and assess the accuracy of the predictions made by ML. This research underscores the need for more investigation to fully fulfill ML's potential for ecological monitoring and conservation while providing a thorough review of its possible uses in eDNA metabarcoding.
Understanding continued usage behavior and value perception in sharing economy: the case of taxi calling mobile application
Authors: Zhao Jing , Wang Liming , Wang Gaojie , Chen Hongbin , Wang Bing , Zhou Yi
Published: June 2023

Taxi services have a rapid development in sharing economy, especially Uber. And how to retain users and develop continuous usage is crucial for the development of sharing economy. The post-adoption of mobile services has been studied from different perspectives, but most researches focus on the effect of perceived usefulness, ease of use and satisfaction on continued usage, overlooking the important role of user value perceptions and habit. So we develop a model focusing on the cognitive process involved in the decision-making: cognitive beliefs (value perceptions including context value and in-use value beliefs) and an automatic process (habit process usage). We also examine the antecedents of habit. In this study, a survey sample of 305 responses is used to test the model in the context of Uber (taxi-calling mobile application). We find that context value has a significant impact on in-use value (represented by functional, convenience, monetary value) and then in-use value positively influences the overall evaluation (satisfaction). Satisfaction and habit positively influence users’ continuance intention. Additionally, the data also shows that in-use value and satisfaction are important to habitual behavior. And we use the decision tree algorithm to verify its effectiveness, the results show that the user's willingness to continue to use is affected by the above factors.
Microplastics and phthalate esters release from teabags into tea drink: Occurrence, human exposure, and health risks
Authors: Kashfi Fatemeh Sadat , Mohammadi Azam , Rostami Farzaneh , Savari Arezou , De-la-Torre Gabriel E. , Spitz Jörg , Saeedi Reza , Kalantarhormozi Mohammadreza , Farhadi Akram , Dobaradaran Sina
Published: June 2023

Tea, the most common infusion worldwide, is usually sold in teabags due to the ease of usage. The increase in the use of plastic materials in the food packaging industry has led to an increase in released contaminants, such as microplastics (MPs) and phthalates (PAEs), in various food products including teabags. In this research, the abundance and features of MPs as well as PAEs concentration were investigated in 45 teabag samples of different Persian and German brands. The abundance of MPs in the Persian and German teabag samples were averagely 412.32 and 147.28 items/single teabag, respectively. Also, average PAEs levels in the Persian and German teabag samples were 2.87 and 2.37 mg/g, respectively. The predominant size category of MPs was relalated to 100–250 µm. Fibers and transparent were the dominant shape and color of detected MPs in teabags, respectively. Polyethylene (PE) and nylon were the most common MP polymer types. The most prominent PAEs congeners in teabag samples were diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) and diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP). Furthermore, MP exposure hazard through tea ingestion was analyzed for three age groups: Teens, adults, and children. DEHP showed the cancer risk (CR) for age groups of children, teens, and adults. The findings of this research indicated that high MPs and PAEs levels are released from teabags into tea drinks. Considering a daily drinking of a volume of 200–400 mL tea, 648–1296 MPs may enter the human body. Thus, tea prepared with teabag-packed herbs may pose a significant health risk for consumers.
Fundamental Group of Soft Homotopy Classes of Unit Circle and Its Application
Authors: Nazmul Sk , Biswas Golam
Published: June 2023

In this communication, we aimed to construct a non-trivial fundamental group of soft homotopy classes and to find out its application. To achieve this, firstly we have defined soft exponential mappings, soft lift of a continuous soft mapping. Moreover, the relationship among some important properties such as soft path lifting property, soft homotopy lifting property, etc. is discussed. We also constructed the fundamental group of soft homotopy classes of unit circle, S1. Finally, applying the above concepts, a proof of Brouwer’s fixed point theorem is established in soft set setting.
2010 Mathematics Subject Classification: 14H30, 14H99, 20F34, 06D72, 55Q99.
Microdosimetric study of 177Lu and 225Ac combination therapy for mCRPC coupled with the mesh-type cell cluster model
Authors: Wang Yidi , Du ChuanSheng , Gao Han , Kong XiangHui , Xue HuiYuan , Zhang WenYue , Yin YuChen , Wu Tao , Yu YaJing , Tu Yu , Sun Liang
Published: June 2023

Background
Both 177Lu and 225Ac are suitable for radio-ligand therapy (RLT) in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) as tumor-targeted radio-ligands when labeled with prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA). However, their microdosimetric distribution in prostate cancer tissue can differ, leading to varying therapeutic outcomes.
Methods
In this study, a three-dimensional mesh-type cell cluster model was constructed using realistic tomography images of a prostate cancer cell line to investigate the combination ratio of two nuclides for combination therapy of mCRPC, and the specific energy distributions of cell nucleus and the macroscopic dose levels resulting from varying activities of 177Lu and 225Ac were compared using Geant4 simulations. Various factors were taken into account such as the source region (cell surface, cytoplasm, and nucleus), the activity range (104-1.2×105 Bq for 225Ac and 6×106-1.2×108 Bq for 177Lu), and the cellular model type (concentric sphere simple geometry-type model and mesh-type model). A link was established between tumor control probability (TCP) and several parameters, like radionuclide activities, cell nucleus specific energy distributions, and average doses of the cell cluster.
Results
Despite having a similar average nucleus absorbed dose within the cluster, 225Ac exhibited a more dispersed nucleus-specific energy distribution, indicating a higher degree of dispersion than 177Lu. In order to achieve a therapeutic effect of 90% TCP, it is crucial that the cell nucleus absorbs an adequate dose of radiation, while considering the proportion of PSMA internalization in each compartment of the cell. The required activity of 177Lu was approximately 417 times that of 225Ac to reach the same effect. A certain amount of 225Ac can be mixed into 177Lu for combination therapy to increase TCP and minimize the dose inhomogeneity. For example, 4.6×104 Bq and 5.8×104 Bq of 225Ac can be mixed into 5×106 Bq of 177Lu to achieve TCPs of 90% and 98%, respectively.
Conclusion
A microdosimetric simulation was performed coupled with the realistic mesh-type cell cluster model, and the microdosimetric distribution characteristics of 177Lu and 225Ac in the prostate cancer cell clusters were evaluated in this work. The outcome of combination therapy for 177Lu and 225Ac was predicted, which can serve a dose reference for clinical therapy of mCRPC.
Photodegradation of toxic Malachite Green dye by ZnO and ZnO/SiO2 nanocomposites under Solar Radiation –a green practice
Authors: Chatterjee Anindita , Kumar G Kiran , Rajesh T , Saha Abhijit
Published: June 2023

ZnO/SiO2 nanocomposites (NCs) have been prepared and evaluated in decomposing carcinogenic malachite green (MG)) under collected sunlight using parabolic solar collector. ZnO/SiO2 NCs and ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and UV-Visible spectroscopy. XRD provides the structure of ZnO NPs as Hexagonal Wurzite with particle diameters in the range of 14–18 nm and nanocomposites are in the range of 14–19 nm. The average particle size estimated from TEM images was 17 for ZnO NPs and 21 nm for NCs. The band gap energy value is 3.30 eV for NCs, red shifted as compared to bulk ZnO (3.37 eV). BET surface area measurement shows microporous structure and increase in surface area for nanocomposites. Kinetic studies reveal pseudo first order reaction with faster photodecomposition for nanocomposites at optimum catalyst concentration of 0.5 gm/100ml at neutral pH. The maximum photodegradation efficiency reached up to 98.8% for ZnO/SiO2 NCs and 96.8% for ZnO NPs within just 40 minutes under collected sunlight irradiation. We have achieved 40% enhancement in photodegradation efficiency using solar collector as compared to natural sunlight. This study establishes the increase in photodegradation efficiency of ZnO/SiO2 nanocomposites as heterogeneous photocatalyst utilizing collection of solar energy as a renewable resource in a cost effective manner.
Association of extensive RNA disruption with natural killer cell-mediated death of K562 chronic myelogenous leukemia cells
Authors: Pascheto Isabella , Guo Baoqing , Kumar Aseem , Pritzker Laura B. , Parissenti Amadeo Mark
Published: June 2023

Extensive degradation of tumour 28S and 18S ribosomal RNAs, coupled with the accumulation of ribosomal RNA degradation products, is associated with pathologic complete response and improved disease-free-survival in breast cancer patients. Various chemotherapy agents and cellular stressors are known to trigger this process, termed ‘RNA disruption’, in tumour cells. However, it’s unclear whether immunotherapies, with or without chemotherapy administration, also trigger RNA disruption. To address this question, we assessed the ability of natural killer (NK) cells to induce RNA disruption and cell death in K562 chronic myeloid leukemia cells in vitro. We found that NK cells strongly stimulated RNA disruption, cytotoxicity (loss of plasma membrane integrity) and cell death (generation of cells with a subG1 DNA content) in K562 cells. Pre-activation of NK cells with interleukin-2 or pre-treatment of K562 cells with the chemotherapy drug doxorubicin augmented RNA disruption in K562 cells. RNA degradation patterns looked very similar between NK cell-treated and doxorubicin-treated K562 cells. Our observations suggest that RNA disruption is strongly associated with cell death irrespective of the death-inducing stimulus and raise the prospect that tumour RNA disruption may be a useful biomarker for quantifying cancer patients’ response to immunotherapies, with or without co-administration of chemotherapy drugs.
The effect of printing parameters on crushing behavior of 3D printed Nylon and CF/Nylon samples using Powder Bed Fusion and Material Extrusion techniques
Authors: hanna mina adel , Habib Sameh , Abdelghany Khaled , Mahmoud Tamer Samir
Published: June 2023

3D printing techniques are becoming more common within several industrial fields due to their many benefits. These benefits include customized properties of final products, design independence, demand-driven manufacturing, waste alleviation, and the ability to produce complex parts, as well as fast prototyping. Parts manufactured using the powder bed fusion or material extrusion process are achievable by various building parameters. In this investigation, a comprehensive study was undertaken to clarify the variation in the compressive and impact strength of SLS prepared Nylon Polyamide and FDM prepared Nylon/CF parts at different building parameters. Significant methodological parameters were studied: infill patterns/layer layouts (triangular and rectilinear), wall thickness (1.2, 3.6, 6) and infilled density (70, 85 and 100%), utilizing material extrusion and powder bed fusion 3D printing machines. The Central Composite Face-centered (CCF)method was applied to design an optimal number of experiments. Experimental results demonstrated that Nylon Polyamide and Nylon/CF samples present slightly different crashing patterns and mechanical behaviors when tested for compression and impact. Compression characteristics of all tested samples are a progressive folding and lateral shearing failures amalgamation. Rectilinear samples are mechanically weaker than Triangle samples.
All-printed thin film transistor with a solution-based Indium- Gallium-Zinc-Oxide semiconductor and printed Ag electrodes via intense pulsed light annealing
Authors: Moon Chang-Jin , Park Jong-Whi , Jang Yong-Rae , Kim Hak-Sung
Published: June 2023

In this study, an intense pulsed light (IPL) annealing process for a printed multi-layered indium-gallium-zinc-oxide (IGZO) and silver (Ag) electrode structure was developed for a high performance all-printed inorganic thin film transistor (TFT). Through a solution process using IGZO precursor and Ag ink, the bottom gate structure TFT was fabricated. The spin coating method was used to form the IGZO semiconductor layer on a heavily-doped silicon wafer covered with thermally grown silicon dioxide. The annealing process of the IGZO layer utilized an optimized IPL irradiation process. The Ag inks were printed on the IGZO layer by screen printing to form the source and drain (S/D) pattern. This S/D pattern was dried by near infrared radiation (NIR) and the dried S/D pattern was sintered with intense pulsed light by varying the irradiation energy. The performances of the all-printed TFT such as the field effect mobility and on-off ratio electrical transfer properties were measured by a parameter analyzer. The interfacial analysis including the contact resistance and cross-sectional microstructure analysis is essential because diffusion phenomenon can occur during the annealing and sintering process. Consequently, this TFT device showed noteworthy performance (field effect mobility: 7.96 cm2/V·s, on/off ratio: 107). This is similar performance compared to a conventional TFT, which is expected to open a new path in the printed metal oxide-based TFT field.
The impacts of winter snow cover of central Asia on the northeastern China cold vortex in succeeding spring
Authors: Lu Chuhan , Kong Yang , Li Kaili , Cai Jiaxi
Published: June 2023

During the boreal spring, extratropical cyclones in East Asia exhibit the highest frequency of occurrence in northeastern China. These cyclones are characterized by a distinct cold core, which is commonly referred to as the northeastern China cold vortex (NCCV), and most of NCCV events are usually accompanied by complex and hazardous weather, significantly impacting the regional climate in northeastern China. In this study, an automatic algorithm was employed to identify spring NCCVs from 1979 to 2013 using ERA-Interim reanalysis dataset, and a notable annual periodicity of 3–4 years was observed based on the defined spring NCCV intensity index (NCCVI). Through the analysis of anomalous strong/weak NCCVI years, it was found that the consistent heating (cooling) in the middle and lower troposphere of central Asia (northeastern China), along with a corresponding negative anomaly of geopotential height, as well as the enhanced cyclonic circulation in northeastern China, all contribute to the intensification and maintenance of NCCV activities. Furthermore, the winter snow cover in central Asia plays a vital role in local atmospheric heating and is associated with anomalous quasi-stationary Rossby waves that propagate eastward into northeastern China. The thermal forcing, caused by preceding (DJF) snow cover anomalies of central Asia, and associated anomalous Rossby wave trains was also replicated well by snow cover anomalies driven sensitive experiment.
Proportion of angle closure glaucoma in Tamale, Ghana
Authors: Liu Catherine , Ali Omair , Murdoch Ian , Simon Judith
Published: June 2023

Background/Objectives: Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide. In Africa, glaucoma is an established public health problem, and primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) is not commonly discussed. Recognizing it is important because of its negative impact on visual morbidity, and also because its treatment is different from primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). In response to the observation of many PACG cases at the Northern Community Eye Hospital in Tamale, Ghana, we investigated the proportion of those attending with a first diagnosis of glaucoma who had PACG.
Subjects/Methods: Using the electronic records, we identified 976 patients who attended with a first diagnosis of glaucoma between January 2021 and October 2022. Of these, 588 met the inclusion criterion of a clear glaucoma subtype diagnosis.
Results: Of these 316 (53.7%) had POAG, 210 (35.7%) PACG, and 62 (10.5%) secondary glaucoma. Thus, over a third of presenting glaucomas had PACG.
Conclusion: This highlights that PACG is present in a large proportion of our African population. Our study demonstrates the importance of a clear diagnostic pathway including gonioscopy in the assessment of glaucoma patients and the consideration of wider training on angle closure glaucoma diagnosis and management.
Synthesis and Characterization of Ultra-Soft Tissue-Equivalent Alginate Hydrogels
Authors: Li Xiangpeng , Gou Jihua , Ilegbusi Olusegun
Published: June 2023

Alginate hydrogels have properties that are similar to extra cellular matrix (ECM). Thus, their mechanical behavior approximates soft tissue, which makes them desirable for production of tissue-equivalent soft deformable structures. This study aims to determine the synthesis-structure-property relationship for alginate hydrogel with the Young’s modulus in the range of 100~101 kPa, equivalent to that of human lung tissue. Hydrogels are hydrophilic polymers with 3D network. Homogeneous alginate hydrogels are synthesized by direct mixture of sodium alginate and CaCO3, followed by the addition of D-glucono-δ-lactone (GDL) to initiate in-situ Ca2+ release and gelation. The influence of alginate concentration and molar ratio of the constituent calcium ion to carboxyl group from alginate monomer are evaluated while the Young's modulus of the hydrogel is carefully controlled within the desired range. FTIR and SEM are used to characterize the influence of synthesis parameters at the molecular and microstructure levels. Tension and compression testing are performed to determine the Young's modulus of the material. Empirical relations are established between synthesis parameters and the mechanical property. The result of the study will be subsequently used to guide the additive manufacturing of soft deformable structures based on alginate hydrogels.
Comparison of McGrath video laryngoscope versus Macintosh laryngoscope in tracheal intubation: An updated systematic review
Authors: Sansone Pasquale , Giaccari Luca Gregorio , Bonomo Antonio , Gargano Francesca , Aurilio Caterina , Coppolino Francesco , Passavanti Maria Beatrice , Pota Vincenzo , Pace Maria Caterina
Published: June 2023

In the last few years, many randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have compared direct Macintosh laryngoscopy with McGrath video laryngoscopy in order to assess the potential benefits of this last; the results were sometimes controversial. We performed a systematic review to compare the effectiveness between the McGrath video laryngoscope and the Macintosh laryngoscope for tracheal intubation in an adult population.
We conducted a comprehensive literature search to identify our articles in according to inclusion and exclusion criteria: to be included each study had to be a prospective randomized trial or comparison between the McGrath video laryngoscope and the Macintosh laryngoscope in an adult population. We have not included manikin trials and studies involving double-lumen tubes.
10 studies met the inclusion criteria necessary. In total 655 patients were intubated with the McGrath and 629 with the Macintosh; 1268 of 1284 patients were successfully intubated showing equivalent results for the two devices: 648 of 655 patients with the McGrath videolaryngoscope and 620 of 629 patients with the Macintosh laryngoscope. No differences were noted in terms of hemodynamic changes and adverse events incidence.
We can assert that the McGrath video laryngoscope and Macintosh laryngoscope, even if with equivalent tracheal intubation results, supplement each other.
Male Partner Involvement in Antenatal Care: Narratives from Key Stakeholders in the Community-Based Health Planning and Services Zones in Northern Ghana
Authors: Anamege Adaeze , Aborigo Raymond Akawire , Kuwolamo Irene , Sakeah Evelyn
Published: June 2023

Background
In Northern Ghana, men are heads and breadwinners of their families and therefore, have a great influence on the health decision-making process. However, maternal health has largely been viewed as a woman’s domain. Male participation in maternal health services such as antenatal care is vital to improve the health outcomes of mothers and children. Traditional beliefs and societal views on gender roles influence men’s willingness to participate in maternal health services. Understanding these views would enable the designing and implementation of male-targeted interventions to increase the rate of male participation in antenatal care. Therefore, this study aimed to explore community members’ knowledge and perceptions of male involvement in antenatal care and the roles of health professionals in encouraging male participation in maternal health services.
Methods
This was a qualitative exploratory study conducted in the Kassena-Nankana Municipality of Northern Ghana. Two Community-based Health Planning and Services zones were randomly selected for the qualitative interviews. Four focus group discussions and eight in-depth interviews were conducted among opinion leaders and healthcare workers. Data were obtained through audio recordings which were further transcribed and imported into the Dedoose 8 statistical software for thematic analysis.
Results
Most community members knew what the antenatal care process entailed and understood its importance in improving pregnancy and birthing outcomes. However, the dismissive attitude of community members toward men who engage in maternal health services, the lack of detailed written policies, and financial constraints were the major reasons for men’s reluctance to participate in antenatal care. Men reported being more open to attending antenatal care visits with their partners if given the appropriate education by health professionals and support from government agencies. While health professionals believe their role is to provide health information and services to the people, they also advocate for the use of underexplored public health engagement approaches to facilitate men’s involvement in maternal health services.
Conclusion
The results of this study showed that male involvement in antenatal care is suboptimal in Northern Ghana. Despite the individual roles across the different stakeholder groups, a collective effort is required to create avenues for improved health education, increased community sensitization through peer mentorship programs, a reward-based incentive system, and increased government support to ensure the proactive involvement of men in maternal health.
Association of Physical Activity with Phenotypic Age: Among Population with Different Breakfast Habits
Authors: Li Jing , Sun Mengzi , Wang Xuhan , Wang Fengdan , Dong Yibo , Fang Jiaxin , Xie Zechun , Li Xiaotong , Guo Ruirui , Wang Yuxiang , Li Bo
Published: June 2023

The global aging situation has reached a serious stage, and healthy lifestyles, like active physical activity and eating breakfast, could slow the process. Phenotypic age (PhenoAge) is regarded as a novel measure of aging. Therefore, our study aimed to quantify the association of physical activity and eating breakfast on the aging, via PhenoAge. A total of 3,719 adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were involved. Physical activity was divided into active group and inactive group. According to the number of reported breakfast recalls, eating breakfast was divided into no, one, and both recalls group. Sensitivity analysis was performed by stratified analysis. Active physical activity was a protective factor, and there was an interaction between physical activity and eating breakfast on the PhenoAge. Compared to the inactive group, the β value of the active group was − 8.36(-10.09, -6.62) (P < 0.05). The stratified analysis results showed that in reported breakfast in both, one, and no recalls groups, the β values of the active group were − 8.84(-10.70, -6.98), -8.17(-12.34, -4.00), and − 3.46(-7.74, 0.82), respectively, compared to the inactive group. Active physical exercise was strongly correlated with lower PhenoAge, and the association was even stronger if combining with eating breakfast regularly.
Hydrogen peroxide oxidation of o-vanillin fluorescence kinetic fluorescence method for the determination of Mn(II)Hydrogen peroxide oxidation of o-vanillin fluorescence kinetic fluorescence method for the determination of Mn(II)
Authors: Zhang Xin , Sheng Li , Han Feng , Li Haisu , Su Biquan
Published: June 2023

In this experiment, a newly synthesized chromogenic agent o-vanillin fluorescence ketone was used to establish a method for the determination of Mn(II) by catalytic kinetic fluorescence. At the maximum excitation and emission wavelengths (λex/λem = 495 nm/578 nm) Mn(II) showed a negative correlation with fluorescence intensity in the range of 0.005 ~ 0.025 µg/mL and a good linear relationship between concentration and ΔF value. The optimal experimental conditions were investigated and the possible reaction mechanism was explored. The linear regression equation was ΔF = 937.7714 + 7287.7498ρ (µg/mL), r = 0.9993. The detection limit was 3.690×10− 3 µg/mL. The samples were analyzed after masking the interfering ions, and trace amounts of Mn(II) were detected in tap water, Yellow River water and tea leachate with the spiked recoveries of 99.05%, 100.0% and 103.32%, respectively. Satisfactory results were obtained.
Actual Conditions and Related Factors of Best Practice/Policy Transfer by Public Health Nurses in Japan: Cross-sectional Nationwide Survey
Authors: Fujioka Mana , Okamoto Reiko , Miyamoto Keiko , Koide Keiko , Kageyama Masako , Saeki Kazuko , Hirokane Kazue , Nagano Fusami , Takemura Shinji
Published: June 2023

Background:
The workload of public health nurses (PHNs) working for local governments has been increasing as health issues become more diverse and complicated. Amidst the ongoing administrative and fiscal reforms, however, making it imperative to find out how to implement projects effectively and efficiently. The objective of this research was to elucidate the actual conditions of best practice/policy transfer (BPT) and analyze related factors.
Methods:
An anonymous postal and self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted among PHNs working at 334 sites, including the local government offices and health centers across Japan, and analysed through statistical analysis.
Results:
One hundred eighty-five of the 334 institutions (55.4%) agreed to participate, and of the 966 questionnaire forms distributed, 709 forms (73.4%) were collected, of which 702 responses (72.7%) were valid. Although less than half (43.2%) have experience in BPT in project development, more than 80% are willing to act going forward. Significant factors for both the group with experience in BPT and the group with willingness to act include an organizational culture that promotes transfer, as well as multiple elements of the workplace environment and facilitating factors related to knowledge and learning. The experienced group recognised the needs for criteria to evaluate the adaptability of best practice/policy, while the willing group, to evaluate the quality of practice/policy.
Conclusions:
Through a nationwide survey, this research elucidated for the first time the actual conditions of BPT by PHNs in Japan and related factors. The results indicated the importance of developing a system to promote BPT at the workplace level, also highlighted the importance for practitioners and experts, including researchers, to work together to develop practical guidelines. Urgent actions are needed to develop a system to promote BPT from diverse perspectives, building on the findings of this research.
Privacy Awareness and Online Behavior of Indian Users: An Analytical Study
Authors: Ingole Chetan Umesh , Bandela Manav , Tanna Dev , Solanki Saurav Kumar , Dhotre Prashant , Patil Rajkumar
Published: June 2023

The rise of mobile and wireless technology has fundamentally changed how people interact, work together, and compute, giving them quick access to a variety of services that have had a significant impact on their lifestyles. Technology is developing quickly, but this has also raised questions about user privacy, which is important for protecting personal information (PIP). In order to assess the attitudes and understanding of user privacy among 221 Indian internet users, a survey was undertaken. The results are presented in this paper. The results show that users usually have a poor opinion of PIP and have different opinions on issues related to privacy than other people. The paper emphasises the need for a PIP protection system that is user-centric and gives users control over their personal data rather than only depending on service providers. A privacy awareness tool's implementation is also identified as essential for building trust between customers and service providers. The study also examines the motivating factors for these beliefs and investigates potential mitigating strategies for the creation of a strong privacy protection system.
Investigation of the Role of Molecules in DNA Repair Process in Coronary Artery Patients
Authors: Malikova Narmina , Karadağ Bilgehan , Durmaz Eser , Ikitimur Baris , Cimci Murat , Guven Mehmet
Published: June 2023

Background The role of DNA damage in the progression of coronary artery disease (CAD) is widely recognized. Among the factors that determine the extent of DNA damage, genetic factors may be one of the determining factors in the pathogenesis of CAD.
Methods & Results In our research, we investigated the expression levels of BRCA1 and PARP1, which are involved in the DNA repair process, as well as the regulators of gene expression for these molecules, namely miR-21-5p, miR-193b-3p, and miR-484, in lymphocyte samples collected from 55 patients with CAD and 55 healthy controls. The fold changes of BRCA1, PARP1, miR-21-5p, miR-193b-3p and miR-484 expression levels in the patient group, as determined by the 2−ΔΔCT calculation, were found to be 0.353, 0.332, 0.734, 0.876, and 1.231, respectively. In the patient group, a statistically significant negative correlation was observed only between PARP1 and miR-21 (r=-0.66, p=0.0001).
ConclusionsThe expression levels in molecules related to the DNA repair systems of CAD patients are clearly related to the pathogenesis of the disease, and considering this situation, measures to be taken would be beneficial.
Flexible Silica/MXene/Natural Rubber film strain sensors with island chain structure for Healthcare Monitoring
Authors: Xue Rong , Wang Chouxuan , Zhao zhongguo , Chen YanHui , Yang Jie , Feng Changping
Published: June 2023

The demand for flexible strain sensors with high sensitivity and durability has increased significantly. However, traditional sensors are limited in terms of their detection ranges and fabrications. In this work, a space stacking method was proposed to fabricate natural rubber (NR)/MXene (Ti3C2Tx)/silica (SiO2) films that possess exceptional electrical conductivity, sensitivity and reliability. The introduction of SiO2 into the NR/MXene composite enabled the construction of an "island-chain structure", which promoted the formation of conductive pathways and significantly improved the conductivity of the composite. Specifically, the electrical conductivity of the NR/MXene/10wt%SiO2 composite was enhanced by about 200 times compared to that of the NR/MXene composite alone (from 0.07 to 13.4 S/m). Additionally, the "island-chain structure" further enhanced the sensing properties of the NR/MXene/10wt%SiO2 composite, as evidenced by its excellent sensitivity (GF = 189.2), rapid response time (102 ms), and good repeatability over 10000 cycles. The fabricated device demonstrates an outstanding mechanical sensing performance and can accurately detect human physiological signals. Specifically, the device serves as a strain detector, recognizing different strain signals by monitoring the movement of fingers, arms, and thighs. This study provides critical insights into composite manufacturing with exceptional conductivity, flexibility, and stability, essential for creating high-performance flexible sensors.
Prevalence and first molecular-phenotypic description of Sarcocystis species in the feces of Egyptian domestic dogs (Canis familiaris)
Authors: Elshahawy Ismail S. , Fawaz Marwa , Gomaa Aya , Mohammed Eman
Published: June 2023

Background
Sarcocystis species are obligatorily heteroxenous protozoan parasites with predator-prey cycle. Global and national Knowledge about the epidemiology and the distribution pattern of different Sarcocystis species in dog feces are very scarce. Therefore, the current investigation was executed to declare the occurrence of Sarcocystis in the fecal specimens of the most common canids in Egypt, the domestic dogs and to recognize the species using parasitological and phenotypic approaches.
Methods
A total of 100 dog fecal samples were gathered and screened using sugar flotation for the presence of Sarcocystis oocysts/sporocysts. Additionally, thirty samples (30) were used for genomic DNA extraction. The 18S rRNA gene fragment was the target of primers for a PCR, followed by purification and sequencing of the amplicons.
Results
Currently, the results obtained appraised that 4% of fecal samples were positive for Sarcocystis spp. Under LM, the sporocysts of the canine S. tenella isolate measured 13.2–16.0 × 9.4–11 µm. Additionally, Sarcocystis spp. were verified in sixteen dogs (53.3%) using PCR and subsequent sequencing protocols. Statistically, insignificant difference in frequency of sarcocystosis relative to age and gender was noticed. Based on 18S rRNA gene, sequencing analysis of amplicons from sporocysts DNA revealed 99.82% nucleotide homology with already reported sequences of S. tenella from sheep in Iraq and Iran.
Conclusions
This is the first molecular evidence in support of the final host role of domestic dogs in the life cycle of S. tenella in Egypt, which provides a precious diagnostic tool for further epidemiological studies and for the assessment of the effectiveness of control measures for this disease.
Annona muricata L. leaves extract loaded on chitosan nanoparticles combined with methotrexate induce Cytotoxicity in A549 cancer cell line
Authors: Muhammad Nada A.E. , Elbeltagy Rasha S. , Diab Marwa S.M. , Gardouh Ahmed R. , El-Habit Ola H.
Published: June 2023

Annona muricata Linn (AM) and methotrexate (MTX)-loaded chitosan (Ch) as a natural cationic, bio-degradable and biocompatible polymer were investigated for their genotoxic and cytotoxic effects in their normal and nano form. The AM-ChNP and MTX-ChNP were analyzed and characterized according to fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), particle size, Zeta potential, transmission electron microscope (TEM) and encapsulation efficiency. The chitosan concentration (3:1) was found to be an important parameter for optimizing the dispersion of AM-ChNPs and of MTX-ChNPs nanocomposites over long time. The efficiency was found to be 87.3% and size of 100–200 nm. The stabilty of the nanocomposites offers a good sign in cancer cell line treatment. Seven groups were prepared using the A549 lung cell line: control group, A. muricata leaf extract (AM), Methotrexate (MTX), AM-ChNPs, MTX-ChNPs, AM + MTX, and AM-ChNPs + MTX-ChNPs. 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide ( MTT) assay for testing cell cytotoxicity; gene expression of Caspase- 3; Bcl- 2; TNF- α; and Cyclin A genes. Cell cycle progress and the percentages of apoptosis and necrosis additionally were assessed. The combination of AM-ChNPs and MTX-ChNPs revealed clear action against A549 cancer cell line. The IC50 values for AM-ChNPs + MTX-ChNPs nano-group compared to AM + MTX group increased by 1.7 folds. Moreover, the apoptotic Caspase-3 gene expression was significantly upregulated by 8 folds. However, antiapoptotic Bcl-2 gene expression was unsignificantly downregulated by 0.16 folds. The inflammatory TNF-α gene expression was significantly upregulated by 6 folds, and the Cyclin A gene expression was downregulated by 0.29 folds, in the combination group of AM-ChNPs + MTX-ChNPs. An increase was discovered through flow cytometric analysis in the G2/M phase cell population driven into apoptosis. This study highlights on the combined effects on genotoxicity and cytotoxicity for both AM-ChNPs and MTX-ChNPs and their free forms; as well as their apoptogenic activities.