bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Public Spending Policies in Boosting GDP in Iraq
Authors: Ayad ALI Al-Tamimi* Mamdooh , Hatem Alwan Ghufran
Published: October 2024

Purpose: The research seeks to show the role of public spending policies in promoting GDP by stating the role of spending policy indicators in GDP during the research period.
Theoretical Framework: The research deals with many concepts related to the subject of the study, which are public spending and its policies, in addition to concepts related to public expenditure policy indicators. Also, the definition of GDP and its trends in the Iraqi economy.
Design/Methodology/Approach: Use the financial statements for the period (2004-2021) to knowing the trends of public spending in the Iraqi economy and to knowing the role played by analyzing the spending policies used by the government in directing public spending. In addition to analyzing GDP data and the role of public spending policies in promoting them
Findings: The results lead to knowing the role played by public spending in the GDP during the research period, as the researcher tries to reach a statement of the result of the direct relationship between public spending policies and GDP.
Research Implications: The results emphasize the increasing importance of integrating the current research variables in the formulation of expenditure policies that suit the Iraqi economy in line with strengthening the GDP in the future by directing spending to the productive sectors, which leads to increasing their contribution to the GDP.
Originality/Value: This study works to enhance awareness of the importance of directing public spending efficiently and effectively to ensure the achievement of its future goals, the most important of which is to enhance the gross domestic product.
The Role of Managers' Cognitive Styles in Achieving Organizational Ambidexterity
Authors: Kased.M.Al-Assadi * Adel , Ali Mhaibes Hussam
Published: October 2024

the study aims to ascertain how approaches contribute to the Ministry of Planning's organizational ambidexterity. To complete the conclusions, it also seeks to ascertain the factors and dimensions of the study, get the results, and interpret them. The recommendations illustrate how companies may modify and enhance their behavior while utilizing these factors in the field. The descriptive-analytical technique is used to ensure the maximum level of accuracy possible in the conclusions and suggestions. General managers, several department directors, and division supervisors constituted the research sample. The primary instrument used in the research was a questionnaire distributed to the target sample of 105 respondents. The comprehensive inventory method was also employed, and multiple statistical programs, including PLS SMART V3.6 and 28 SPSS V., were utilized to complete, analyze, and test the research's questions and hypotheses. The research results showed a statistically significant effect. Cognitive styles affect organizational ambidexterity, either directly or through the degree of their dimensions. There is also a positive correlation between the dimensions of cognitive styles, their dimensions (cognitive style, planning style, creative style, collaborative style), and organizational ambidexterity.
Paper type: Research paper.
Pelaksanaan Kolaborasi Interprofesi pada Manajemen Tuberkulosis di Puskesmas Tabaringan
Authors: Djaharuddin Irawaty , Madolangan Jamaluddin , Hendarto Joko , Ramadany Sri , Anggita Dwi , Ridho Akbar Muhammad , Permatasari Tiara
Published: October 2024

Strategi eliminasi tuberkulosis yang disebut dengan End TB Strategy mempunyai misi mencapai Zero TB pada tahun 2050. Untuk mencapai hal ini, diperlukan manajemen TB yang baik. Pendekatan kolaboratif interprofesi mulai dari dokter, perawat, apoteker, kader kesehatan dan masyarakat diharapkan dapat membantu, tidak hanya dalam hal pengawasan, pengobatan, tetapi juga dalam deteksi dini infeksi tuberkulosis. Pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian ini menggunakan metode ceramah dan pada akhir kegiatan dilakukan evaluasi. Metode awal adalah ceramah berupa penyuluhan secara interaktif yang dibawakan berbagai profesi yaitu dokter, perawat, dan apoteker. Materi mengenai pengetahuan tentang TB serta program pemerintah dalam menjaring hingga pengobatan kasus TB diberikan. Selain itu dalam penyuluhannya ditegaskan pula peran masing-masing profesi agar dapat berjalan sinergis dalam manajemen TB di layanan perifer. Tahap terakhir adalah evaluasi kegiatan dilakukan dengan mengisi lembar tes yang dibagikan kepada peserta penyuluhan yang berisi pertanyaan terkait materi yang telah diberikan. Kegiatan ini diikuti oleh 50 orang yang dimana peserta merupakan perangkat puskesmas mulai dari dokter, perawat dan apoteker serta melibatkan kader puskesmas sebagai perwakilan masyarakat di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Tabaringan. Setelah dilakukan penyuluhan, peserta yang mampu menjawab dengan benar diatas 70 poin sebanyak 80%. Banyaknya peserta yang menjawab 70 benar dari 100 poin menggambarkan tingkat pengetahuan peserta secara umum memahami topik yang diberikan dengan baik. Manajemen tuberkulosis dapat dilakukan dengan pendekatan kolaborasi interprofesi yang melibatkan peran aktif dari berbagai pihak, tidak hanya tenaga kesehatan namun juga peran aktif dari masyarakat.
Developing French for Specific Purposes to Enhance Foreign Language Skills of Curriculum and Teaching Students in The University of Calabar
Authors: Kalu Goodness Uka , Umukoro Gloria Mayen
Published: October 2024

Traditional language teaching methodologies often fall short in meeting the specialized needs of learners who require language skills for specific professional contexts. This gap has led to the emergence of French for Specific Purposes (FSP), a subfield focused on equipping learners with the necessary skills to function effectively in their chosen professions. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of FSP in enhancing language skills and cultural knowledge among learners in the Department of Curriculum and Teaching, Faculty of Educational Foundation Studies. To achieve this objective, three research questions were formulated. A literature review was conducted based on the study variables, and a descriptive research design was employed. The target population comprised all students and instructors in the Department of Curriculum and Teaching, University of Calabar, who are involved in French language courses. A purposive sample of 31 respondents, including 25 learners and 6 instructors, was selected. Data were collected through semi-structured questionnaires and interviews, providing rich qualitative insights. Thematic analysis techniques, involving simple percentages, were used to analyze the qualitative data. The results revealed that learners in the Department of Curriculum and Teaching face specific language needs and challenges. Additionally, FSP instruction was found to significantly enhance learners' language proficiency and cultural understanding. The study also indicated that FSP instruction positively influences the perceptions and attitudes of both learners and instructors towards FSP.  The findings of this study have important implications for the design and implementation of FSP courses, especially in the context of tertiary education. These insights are valuable for curriculum developers, educators, and policymakers aiming to improve language education and ensure its alignment with professional and academic needs.
Numerical Study on the Retrofitting of Exterior RC Beam-column Joints with CFRP Composites Using the Grooving Method
Authors: Bouroumana Issam , Nafa Zahreddine , Nigri Ghania
Published: October 2024

Retrofitting seismically deficient beam-column joints (BCJs) in reinforced concrete (RC) structures is crucial to preventing collapse during high-intensity earthquakes. Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites have proven effective for retrofitting these components, but debonding of the FRP from concrete surfaces remains a challenge. Recently, the grooving method (GM) has emerged as a promising solution to mitigate this issue, enhancing the bond between FRP and concrete. This paper presents a numerical investigation of BCJs retrofitted with FRP composites using the GM, focusing on various design parameters. The study utilized finite element models developed in ABAQUS, incorporating the concrete damage plasticity (CDP) model to simulate the nonlinear behavior of concrete. The interface between the concrete and FRP was modeled as a perfect bond, simulating the strong adhesion provided by the GM. The numerical results were validated against experimental data from two BCJ specimens, showing good agreement in terms of load-displacement behavior, peak loads, and failure modes. Key parameters studied include the beam longitudinal reinforcement ratio, column axial load ratio, and joint aspect ratio. The findings reveal that these parameters significantly affect the shear capacity of retrofitted joints, impacting the efficiency of the retrofitting.
KARYA MUSIK LUNGUN: INTERPRETASI VOKAL ANDUNG BATAK TOBA DALAM KONSEP MUSIK KAMAR
Authors: Simanjuntak Yessica Yosia Virginia
Published: October 2024

Lungun is a musical work inspired by a tradition in the death ceremony of the Toba Batak people, called the andung tradition. Andung is a song of sadness that expresses one's feelings of grief for a loved one. Andung chanting is chanted by a pangandung (poet) using hata andung verses (Toba Batak fine literature) whose content tells the life history of someone who has died. In its current development, the andung tradition has shifted, and many cannot practice it because many younger generations can no longer speak hata andung, and andung singing which have been replacing with spiritual songs. The analysis of the andung tradition revealed distinct characteristics of the andung melody and the presentation of Gondang Sabangunan music for death ceremonies. The creation of the musical work Lungun aims to find out the musical form and its symbolic meaning. The method used is panca sthiti ngawi sani, which consist of five stages: (1) inspiration (ngawirasa), (2) exploration (ngawacak), (3) conception (ngarencana), (4) execution (ngawangun) and (4) production (ngabah). Lungun's musical work incorporates elements such as the Toba Batak scales, processed andung vocals, hata andung poems, rhythm processing, and Gondang Sabangunan playing techniques into chamber music performances. Lungun music has three parts: part I is mula-mula (beginning), part II is andung (vocal singing), and part III is poda (message). The symbolic meaning expressed in Lungun music refers to the values found in the Toba Batak community: the Dalihan Na Tolu Batak philosophy, the five levels of Toba Batak death, and the seven Toba Batak philosophies.
KELOMPOK MUSIK CV. BINTANG GRUP: MEDIA MERAWAT IDENTITAS ADAT BATAK MELALUI MUSIK DI SOLO RAYA
Authors: Barasa Zepanya Saputra , Setiawan Aris
Published: October 2024

Migration is an activity that has become a tradition for the Batak people. The migration destinations extend beyond the island, one of which is in the Solo Raya area. The identity of the Batak community remains preserved during migration because their original customs and culture continue to be an integral part of their daily lives. The purpose of this journal is to explore the cultural life of the Batak community and the steps they have taken to preserve their traditional identity through music, specifically through CV. Bintang Group. The research method used in this journal is qualitative, collecting data through observation, interviews, literature studies, and several other methods. The findings indicate that the Batak community, represented by CV. Bintang Group, has successfully preserved their traditional identity through various means. These include teaching Batak music to their children, participat ing in cultural events outside of traditional Batak ceremonies, possessing a complete set of traditional Batak instruments, and being active on social media. The conclusion of this research is that the Batakcommunity has successfully maintained their traditional identity even while living in distant lands.
NEGOSIASI MUSIKAL DAN SOSIO-KULTURAL PADA KESENIAN GANJURAN DI PURA WISNU SAKTI KLATEN
Authors: Supriyadi  , Setiyono Budi
Published: October 2024

Ganjuran is a type of music that is a mixture of two types of music, namely Jathilan and Baleganjur music. This assimilation began with an identity polemic between Javanese and Balinese musicality which was felt by most Hindus in Klaten. The polemic turned out to be prolonged, until finally Pemuda Pura Wisnu Sakti offered a solution to blend the two musicalities. In carrying out assimilation, Pemuda Pura Wisnu Sakti apparently carried out musical and socio-cultural negotiations with various elements to find an ideal. Next, to describe the negotiations, Yuniawan’s negotiation strategy theory was used. The method used in this research is qualitative, descriptive analytic in nature. As a result, it was identified that there were musical negotiations which included instruments and playing patterns as well as socio-cultural negotiations which included identity, satisfaction of players and listeners, and suitability of musicality with worship. These results show that music can be used as a tool to maintain identity in a friendly way.
PEMANFAATAN SITUS PURBAKALA PETIRTAAN NGAWONGGO SEBAGAI SUMBER BELAJAR SEJARAH BAGI PESERTA DIDIK SMP HASYIM ASY’ARI KECAMATAN TAJINAN MALANG
Authors: Hasanah Siti Muawanatul , Safida Aulia
Published: October 2024

Situs Purbakala Petirtaan Ngawonggo merupakan Situs Arkeologi berupa kolam petirtaan pada zaman kerajaan abad 10 Masehi yang ditemukan di Dusun Nanasan Desa Ngawonggo Kec. Tajinan Kab. Malang yang identik dengan kebudayaan jawa kental dengan suasananya yang masih sangat asri dan nuansa pedesaan inilah yang menjadi dambaan pengunjung asal kota saat berkunjung ke destinasi wisata. Situs purbakala petirtaan ngawonggo  identik dengan tomboannya. Tomboan dalam bahasa Jawa berarti "obat-obatan". Dalam konteks ini adalah sekelompok mahasiswa KKN-T UNIRA MALANG mengadakan studytour bersama peserta didik SMP Hasyim Asy’ari bertema pengenalan Situs  Purbakala  petirtaan Ngawonggo. Tujuannya untuk mengetahui relevansi  koleksi  Situs  Purbakala  petirtaan Ngawonggo dalam  materi  pembelajaran sejarah, dan implementasi pemanfaatan situs purbakala petirtaan Ngawonggo dalam pembelajaran sejarah kebudayaan.
PENGGUNAAN FISHFINDER UNTUK PENENTUAN LOKASI RUMPON DAN FISHING GROUND PADA MASYARAKAT NELAYAN TRADISIONAL LHOK KRUENG ACEH
Authors: Muhammad Muhammad , Setiawan Ichsan , Rizwan Thaib , Haridhi Haekal Azief , Yuni Syarifah Meurah , Arif Salmawaty
Published: October 2024

Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah untuk membantu nelayan-nelayan tradisional Lhok Krueng Aceh, Banda Aceh agar dapat memahami dan mempraktikkan cara menggunakan fishfinder untuk penentuan rumpon dan fishing ground. Masalah yang dihadapi nelayan tradisional pada setiap kegiatan melaut adalah tidak terbiasa dalam menggunakan fishfinder.  Oleh karena itu, solusi yang ditawarkan adalah melaksanakan pelatihan pengoperasian fishfinder untuk  penentuan  lokasi rumpon dan fishing ground pada nelayan tradisional dan memberikan pelatihan untuk membaca dan memanfaatkan peta. Hasil pengabdian ini, tingkat keberhasilan kemampuan nelayan dalam penggunaan fishfinder dan membaca peta mencapai 75% diukur dengan cara membandingkan kemampuan nelayan sebelum pelatihan yang hanya 10%. Dengan demikian, permasalahan yang dialami oleh nelayan dapat diatasi dengan metode ajar dan praktik lapangan.
Pembentukan Kelompok Informasi Masyarakat Desa Balesari, Kecamatan Ngajum
Authors: Nugrahani Rizka Fibria , Dia Cahyani  , Novi Nur Fitria
Published: October 2024

Kelompok Informasi Masyarakat ialah sebuah kelompok yang dibentuk dengan beranggotakan masyarakat itu sendiri, yang aktivitasnya melakukan pengolaan informasi, sebagai media pelayanan informasi, dan memperdayakan masyarakat untuk memperoleh atau mengakses informasi dengan mudah. Pemerintah Desa memberikan pelayanan dengan menggunakkan media internet (E-Government), sebagai upaya penyampaian informasi secara efesien dan transparan. Hal tersebut dilakukan dengan menggunakan platform web. Dengan pengoptimalan web desa, dapat dengan mudah mengakses informasi atau data yang terkait dengan permasalahan dan solusi yang ada di masyarakat, yang nantinya akan meningkatkan produktivitas, khususnya di desa Balesari Kecamatan Ngajum. Serta sebagai sarana media promosi usaha yang dimiliki masyarakat. Pengabdian masyarakat yang dilakukan bersama dosen dan tim KKN-T Universitas Islam Raden Rahmat Malang ini bertujuan untuk melakukan pengoptimalan website desa agar nantinya informasi yang simpang siur di masyarakat dapat terminimalisir dan sebagai media promosi usaha dengan upaya peningkatan ekonomi warga Balesari. Hasil dari kegiatan ini masyarakat Balesari memperoleh pengetahuan mengenai pengelolaan website desa serta strategi promosi melalui media online.
STRATEGI PENGELOLAAN DANA DESA DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEPEDULIAN SOSIAL PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI DESA PETIYINTUNGGAL DUKUN GRESIK
Authors: Irawan Agus , Wahyudi Imam , Ubaidillah Ahmad , Aryanto Sherif Juniar
Published: October 2024

Indonesia dilanda pandemi Covid-19 sejak tanggal 2 Maret 2020, hingga saat ini pemerintah dan masyarakat telah melewati beberapa gelombang pandemi Covid-19 mulai dari gelombang varian Alpha di 2020, Delta di 2021 dan penyebaran Varian Omicron pada Januari 2022. Untuk itu, Pemerintah Desa Petiyintunggal Dukun Gresik ini melakukan analisa dan kajian prioritas Dana Desa, serta merancang prosedur yang baik dengan tujuan supaya dapat meningkatkan kepedulian sosial pada warga masyarakat dimasa pandemi Covid-19, sehingga fokus penelitian ini pada: (1) bagaimana mitigasi dan penangan bencana non alam Desa Aman COVID-19 di Desa Petiyintunggal Dukun Gresik? (2) bagaimana strategi pendistribusian dana desa dalam meningkatkan kepedulian sosial pada Covid-19 di Desa Petiyintunggal Dukun Gresik? Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif analitis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) dalam melakukan kegiatan mitigasi dan penanganan bencana non alam Desa Aman COVID, Penggunaan Dana Desa untuk mendukung aksi Desa aman COVID-19  antara lain: a) membentuk Pos Jaga Desa; b) sosialisasi dan edukasi adaptasi kebiasaan baru serta penerapan secara ketat protocol kesehatan; c) menyiapkan tempat cuci tangan/hand sanitizer; pembelian masker, vitamin dan obat sesuai arahan Satgas COVID-19 serta kebutuhan lainnya, termasuk mendukung operasional tugas Relawan Desa Aman COVID-19. (2) Strategi pendistribusian dana desanya dilakukan secara langsung dan tidak langsung melalui Relawan Desa COVID-19 yang besaran BLT-DD ditetapkan sebesar Rp. 300.000,00 dibayarkan setiap bulan selama 12 bulan dengan jumlah calon penerima manfaat 104 KK; yang tidak memenuhi syarat 24 KK dan yang memenuhi syarat 80 KK. Adapun metode/cara pendistribusiannya; Diantar ke rumah, Diambil di kantor desa, dan Via Transfer Bank (non tunai).
PEMBERDAYAAN RUMAH BACA "PELANGI" SEBAGAI SARANA MENINGKATKAN LITERASI MEMBACA ANAK DI DESA PALAAN
Authors: Puspita Sari Titik , Suryaman Suryaman , Qomaria Ismi Nurul
Published: October 2024

Pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan sebagai wujud program pengabdian masyarakat (KKN-T) mahasiswa dalam bentuk usaha meningkatkan literasi membaca anak-anak di Desa. Program pengabdian masyarakat yang diselenggarakan oleh Universitas Islam Raden Rahmat (UNIRA) Malang dengan motto “Membangun Indonesia Dari Desa, Dari Desa Kita Berkarya”. UNIRA Malang ingin memajukan Indonesia dengan meningkatkan taraf hidup masyarakat desa. Program ini dilakukan selama 30 hari mulai 10 Januari hingga 10 Februari 2022 di Desa Palaan, Kecamatan Ngajum, Kabupaten Malang. Program ini mencoba untuk menyelesaikan beberapa permasalahan masyarakat dalam aspek pendidikan anak, seperti berkurangnya minat membaca dikarenakan efek dari gempuran teknologi berupa android yang lebih digemari anak. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah berupa pendekatan kepada masyarakat. Diharapkan dengan adanya pemberdayaan Rumah Baca “Pelangi” di Desa Palaan dapat meningkatkan literasi membaca anak-anak Desa Palaan. Hasil atau luaran dari program ini adalah terealisasinya Rumah Baca “Pelangi” yang menyenangkan dan nyaman bagi anak-anak Desa Palaan dalam meningkatkan minat literasi membaca mereka.
Kata kunci : Literasi Membaca, Rumah Baca, Pendidikan Anak.
Meningkatkan Pendidikan Proses Belajar Mengajar Anak - Anak di Desa Bunut Wetan Kecamatan Pakis
Authors: Yogie Muhammad Yogie Hidayatullah
Published: October 2024

Meningkatkan proses pendidikan belajar anak di Desa Bunut Wetan Kecamatan Pakis. KKM yang dilakukan oleh Kelompok 42 KKM Universitas Maulana Malik Ibrahim bertujuan untuk berbagi ilmu untuk mencari, mempelajari, menganalisis potensi masyarakat, memberikan inovasi dan mencari solusi atas problematika desa. KKM kelompok 42 berlangsung di Desa Bunut Wetan Kabupaten Malang mulai tanggal 19 Desember 2022 sampai dengan 22 Januari 2023. Dalam waktu satu bulan, mahasiswa KKM kelompok 42 telah membuat dan melaksanakan berbagai program kerja yang ditujukan untuk kemakmuran Desa Bunut Wetan di berbagai bidang. Dalam pelaksanaannya, KKM kelompok 42 dibagi menjadi 3 divisi, divisi pendidikan, divisi agama, dan divisi sosial. Setiap divisi memiliki program kerja yang disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan masyarakat. Di dalam divisi Pendidikan sendiri telah dibuat berbagai program kerja dan dilaksanakan berbagai kegiatan kreatif inovatif yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan wawasan, pengetahuan, minat belajar, dan kesadaran diri akan pentingnya ilmu. Sasaran kegiatan bidang Pendidikan adalah anak-anak PAUD, Sekolah Dasar, dan Madrasah Tsanawiyah.
PENGENALAN METODE MENGAJI AL-QUR’AN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE UMMI PADA SANTRIWATI SANTIWIT SONGKHLA TECHNOLOGICAL COLLEGE
Authors: Achadah Alif
Published: October 2024

Tri Dhrama Perguruan tinggi merupakaan bentuk kewajiban yang ada di dalam perguruan tinggi dan terdiri dari tiga point utama yaitu pendidikan, pengabdian dan juga penelitian. Salah satu wujud implementasi atau bentuk nyata dari pengalaman tri dharma perguruan tinggi yaitu dengan mengikuti kegiatan KKN atau kegiatan Kuliah Kerja Nyata. Kuliah Kerja Nyata merupakan kegiatan yang dilaksanakan oleh mahasiswa dengan terjun secara langsung ke masyarakat. Dalam kegiatan KKN PPL Thailand sendiri banyak kegiatan yang diikuti oleh mahasiswa. Salah satu contoh kegiatan yang dilakukan yaitu dengan mengadakan kegiatan pembelajaran al-quran dengan menggunakan metode ummi yang memiliki motto motto pendidikan yaitu mudah, menyenangkan dan menyentuh hati. Tahapan pembelajaran Alquran dengan metode ummi terdiri dari pembukaan, appersepsi, penanaman konsep, pemahaman, keterampilan, evaluasi, dan penutup. metode baru dapat membantu para santriwati dalam mempelajari serta memaknai al-quran itu sendiri, selain mengenalkan metode pembelajaran ini kepada para santriwati dan juga pengajar yang ada.
 
Kata Kunci: Kuliah Kerja Nyata, Mengaji, Metode Ummi, Pengabdian Masyarakat
Diagnosis and management of shrimp allergy
Authors: Su Bin Brenda , Blackmon Warren , Xu Chun , Holt Christopher , Boateng Nathaniel , Wang Darren , Szafron Vibha , Anagnostou Aikaterini , Anvari Sara , Davis Carla M.
Published: October 2024

Shrimp allergy, the most common food allergy in the United States, affects up to 2% of the population. Its etiology is multi-factorial with the combination of genetic predisposition and environmental exposures. This review summarizes the latest diagnosis and management strategies for shrimp allergy. Currently, the double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge is the gold standard for diagnosis. Moreover, mainstream and experimental management strategies include food allergen avoidance, the FDA-approved omalizumab, and oral immunotherapy. Herein, we emphasize the urgent need to develop more effective diagnostic tools and therapies for shrimp allergy.
When allergies have no name: is idiopathic anaphylaxis driven by co-factors?
Authors: Elkhalifa Shuayb , Elbashir Haggar , Abuzakouk Mohamed
Published: October 2024

Idiopathic anaphylaxis (IA) is a severe allergic reaction without identifiable external triggers, presenting significant challenges in diagnosis and management. However, growing evidence suggests that many cases classified as idiopathic may actually be driven by cofactors such as exercise, hormonal fluctuations, medications, or hidden allergens. This mini-review explores the evolving understanding of IA, highlighting the role of these cofactors in triggering or amplifying anaphylactic reactions. It emphasizes how advances in diagnostic tools, including component-resolved diagnostics, are helping to identify previously undetected allergens, leading to more accurate diagnoses and reducing the prevalence of true idiopathic cases. As our knowledge of anaphylaxis and its underlying mechanisms deepens, the need for comprehensive evaluations that account for cofactor involvement becomes increasingly clear. Continued research in this area is essential to improve patient outcomes and better manage this complex condition.
A differentiation protocol for generating pancreatic delta cells from human pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Zhang Tongran , Wang Nannan , Liao Zhiying , Chen Jingyi , Meng Hao , Lin Haopeng , Xu Tao , Chen Lihua , Zhu Ling-Qiang , Liu Huisheng
Published: October 2024

In this protocol, we detail a seven-stage differentiation methodology for generating pancreatic delta cells (SC-delta cells) from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). In the first step, definitive endoderm is generated by activin A and CHIR99021, followed by induction of primitive gut tube and posterior foregut by treatment with FGF7, SANT1, LDN193189, PdBU, and retinoic acid (RA). The subsequent endocrine generation and directed SC-delta cell induction is achieved by a combined treatment of the FGF7 with FGF2 during stage 4 and 5, together with RA, XXI, ALK5 inhibitor II, SANT1, Betacellulin and LDN193189. The planar cultivation is converted to a suspended system after stage 5, allowing cells to aggregate into delta cell-containing spheroids. The differentiation takes approximately 4-5 weeks for delta cell generation and an additional 1-2 weeks for cell expansion and evaluation. We believe that this amenable and simplified protocol can provide a stable source of SC-delta cells from efficient differentiation, facilitating further investigation of the physiological role of delta cells as well as refinement of islet cell therapeutic strategies.
Device therapies for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: a new era
Authors: Mody Rohit , Nee Sheth Abha Bajaj , Dash Debabrata , Mody Bhavya , Agrawal Ankit , Monga Inderjeet Singh , Rastogi Lakshay , Munjal Amit
Published: October 2024

Even with significant advancements in the treatment modalities for patients with heart failure (HF), the rates of morbidity and mortality associated with HF are still high. Various therapeutic interventions, including cardiac resynchronization therapy, Implantable Cardiovascular-Defibrillators, and left ventricular assist devices, are used for HF management. Currently, more research and developments are required to identify different treatment modalities to reduce hospitalization rates and improve the quality of life of patients with HF. In relation to this, various non-valvular catheter-based therapies have been recently developed for managing chronic HF. These devices target the pathophysiological processes involved in HF development including neurohumoral activation, congestion, and left ventricular remodeling. The present review article aimed to discuss the major transcatheter devices used in managing chronic HF. The rationale and current clinical developmental stages of these interventions will also be addressed in this review.
PD-1/PD-L1 and coronary heart disease: a mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zeng Liangjia , Liang Yinglan , Zhou Ruoyun , Yang Wenting , Chen Kexin , He Baixin , Qiu Yuqing , Liu Linglong , Zhou Deyang , Xiao Zhaolin , Liang Haowen , Zhang Binghua , Li Renyu , Yu Lihong , Yi Min , Lin Xiaozhen
Published: October 2024

Introduction

It has been found that programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) or its ligand PD-L1 may play an important role in the onset and progression of coronary heart disease (CHD). Thus, we conducted this mendelian randomization analysis (MR) to estimate the causal relationship between PD-1/PD-L1 and 5 specific CHDs (chronic ischemic heart disease, acute myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, coronary atherosclerosis, and unstable angina pectoris), complemented by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) for further validation.

Methods

Publicly available summary-level data were attained from the UK Biobank with genetic instruments obtained from the largest available, nonoverlapping genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Our analysis involved various approaches including inverse variance-weighted meta-analysis, alternative techniques like weighted median, MR-Egger, MR-multipotency residuals and outliers detection (PRESSO), along with multiple sensitivity assessments such as MR-Egger intercept test, Cochran's Q test, and leave-one-out sensitivity analysis to evaluate and exclude any anomalies.

Results

Gene expression profile (GSE71226) was obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database for GSEA. IVW analysis showed a causal association between PD-1 and chronic ischemic heart disease (OR, 0.997; 95%CI, 0.995-0.999; P, 0.009), chronic ischemic heart disease and PD-1 (beta, −3.1; 95%CI, −6.017 to −0.183; P, 0.037), chronic ischemic heart disease and PD-L1 (beta, −3.269; 95%CI, −6.197 to −0.341; P, 0.029). No significant causal relationship was found between PD-1/PD-L1 and other 4 CHDs. The accuracy and robustness of these findings were confirmed by sensitivity tests. GSEA found that the KEGG pathway and related core genes of “PD-L1 expression and PD-1 checkpoint pathway in cancer” pathway were downregulated in CHD.

Discussion

This study provided evidence of a bidirectional causal relationship between PD-1 and chronic ischemic heart disease and a protective association between chronic ischemic heart disease and PD-L1.
Habitat quality assessment on the Qinghai-Tibet plateau across vegetation ecoregions using InVEST and Geodetector models
Authors: Jiang Farui , Liu Chonghao , Zhao Jianan , Jiang Baode , Fan Fengyan
Published: October 2024

Introduction

The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau holds a significant position in the global ecosystem, with its unique high altitude and complex geographical features fostering rich biodiversity. The plateau’s high-altitude environment and distinctive climate system significantly influence the Asian monsoon and regional hydrological cycles. Its vast glaciers and snow reserves are crucial in regulating the Asian climate. While previous studies have analyzed the habitat quality of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, significant variations exist across different vegetation ecoregions, warranting further investigation into these variations and their influencing factors.

Methods

This study conducted a comprehensive assessment of habitat quality on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau by analyzing the impacts of human activities, climate change, and grazing intensity. Using the InVEST Model and Geodetector Model, we evaluated habitat quality across the plateau’s six vegetation ecoregions from 2000 to 2020. The efficacy of ecological red-line policies in actual conservation efforts was also examined.

Results

The results indicate that habitat quality among vegetation ecoregions is shaped by a complex interaction of geographical and human-induced factors, leading to notable spatiotemporal variations. From 2000 to 2020, the quality of habitats was significantly impacted by human activities, climate change, grazing intensity, and land-use changes. These effects were especially prominent during the period from 2005 to 2010.

Discussion

The changes in habitat quality on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are influenced by multiple driving factors, with significant differences in the drivers across various vegetation ecoregions. The ecological redline policy has played an important role in protecting the ecological environment in key areas, particularly in regions with high human intervention, where its effectiveness is more pronounced. In future ecological management, it is essential to strengthen conservation measures based on regional specificity. By comprehensively considering the impact of human activities and natural factors, developing more targeted management strategies is crucial for improving habitat quality.
A critical review on diabetes mellitus type 1 and type 2 management approaches: from lifestyle modification to current and novel targets and therapeutic agents
Authors: Tegegne Bantayehu Addis , Adugna Adane , Yenet Aderaw , Yihunie Belay Wubetu , Yibeltal Yared , Dagne Abebe , Hibstu Teffera Zigale , Amare Gashaw Azanaw , Abebaw Desalegn , Tewabe Haymanot , Abebe Rahel Belete , Zeleke Tirsit Ketsela
Published: October 2024

Diabetes mellitus (DM) has emerged as an international health epidemic due to its rapid rise in prevalence. Consequently, scientists and or researchers will continue to find novel, safe, effective, and affordable anti-diabetic medications. The goal of this review is to provide a thorough overview of the role that lifestyle changes play in managing diabetes, as well as the standard medications that are currently being used to treat the condition and the most recent advancements in the development of novel medical treatments that may be used as future interventions for the disease. A literature search was conducted using research databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Wiley Online Library, Google Scholar, etc. Data were then abstracted from these publications using words or Phrases like “pathophysiology of diabetes”, “Signe and symptoms of diabetes”, “types of diabetes”, “major risk factors and complication of diabetes”, “diagnosis of diabetes”, “lifestyle modification for diabetes”, “current antidiabetic agents”, and “novel drugs and targets for diabetes management” that were published in English and had a strong scientific foundation. Special emphasis was given to the importance of lifestyle modification, as well as current, novel, and emerging/promising drugs and targets helpful for the management of both T1DM and T2DM.
A comparative study of different deep learning methods for time-series probabilistic residential load power forecasting
Authors: Zhou Liangcai , Zhou Yi , Liu Linlin , Zhao Xiaoying
Published: October 2024

The widespread adoption of nonlinear power electronic devices in residential settings has significantly increased the stochasticity and uncertainty of power systems. The original load power data, characterized by numerous irregular, random, and probabilistic components, adversely impacts the predictive performance of deep learning techniques, particularly neural networks. To address this challenge, this paper proposes a time-series probabilistic load power prediction technique based on the mature neural network point prediction technique, i.e., decomposing the load power data into deterministic and stochastic components. The deterministic component is predicted using deep learning neural network technology, the stochastic component is fitted with Gaussian mixture distribution model and the parameters are fitted using great expectation algorithm, after which the stochastic component prediction data is obtained using the stochastic component generation method. Using a mature neural network point prediction technique, the study evaluates six different deep learning methods to forecast residential load power. By comparing the prediction errors of these methods, the optimal model is identified, leading to a substantial improvement in prediction accuracy.
Pregnancy planning in lupus and APS patients
Authors: Haase Isabell , Fischer-Betz Rebecca
Published: October 2024

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS) have a substantial impact on pregnancy outcomes and require meticulous planning and management. This article explores the complex interrelationships between SLE, APS, and pregnancy and provides an overview of the associated risks and predictors. The crucial role of pre-conception counselling, risk stratification and tailored treatment plans is highlighted, accompanied by a suggested practical approach. Recent advancements in therapeutic approaches and emerging research on promising targeted interventions indicate the potential for enhanced maternal and fetal outcomes.
FMT intervention decreases urine 5-HIAA levels: a randomized double-blind controlled study
Authors: Wang Lihong , Yu Lianhu , Liu Zhiyue , Che Chao , Wang Yu , Zhao Yongheng , Zhu Mengna , Yang Guang , Cao Aihua
Published: October 2024

Background

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is often linked to gastrointestinal issues and altered serotonin metabolism. Emerging evidence suggests gut microbiota influence both, with fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) offering a potential therapeutic approach. However, its impact on serotonin metabolism and ASD symptoms is not well understood. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the clinical effects of FMT and examine changes in specific urinary metabolites in children with ASD.

Methods

A randomized double-blind controlled trial was performed to evaluate the clinical effects of FMT on GI and ASD-related symptoms. Gastrointestinal symptoms were assessed using the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS), and the ASD-related symptoms were assessed using the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS), Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC), and Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) scores. Urinary metabolites were analyzed by homogeneous enzyme immunoassay using commercially available kits.

Results

Significant improvements in GI and core ASD symptoms were observed following FMT intervention. The average GSRS scores decreased from 30.17 (before) to 19 (after; p < 0.0001), CARS scores decreased from 36.22 to 33.33 (p < 0.0001), SRS scores decreased from 151.17 to 137.5 (p = 0.0002), and the ABC scores decreased 76.39 to 53.17 (p < 0.0001) in the FMT group. However, in the placebo group, GSRS, CARS, and SRS scores showed no significant changes, while ABC scores decreased from 72 to 58.75 (p = 0.034). The FMT group also showed a significant reduction in urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) levels from 8.6 to 7.32 mg/L (p = 0.022), while other metabolites showed no significant changes.

Conclusion

FMT is a safe and effective treatment for improving GI and core symptoms in children with ASD, with 5-HIAA showing potential as a urinary biomarker for treatment response.
Exploring the association between phytopharmaceutical use and antibiotic prescriptions in upper respiratory infections: results from a German cohort study evaluating the impact of naturopathy qualifications of general practitioners using routine data
Authors: Wetzel Anna-Jasmin , Laux Gunter , Joos Stefanie , Musselmann Berthold , Valentini Jan
Published: October 2024

Background

Antibiotic resistance is a significant global health threat, exacerbated by inappropriate prescribing practices, particularly for upper respiratory infections that are predominantly viral. Complementary and Integrative Medicine (CIM), including the use of phytopharmaceuticals, offers a potential strategy to reduce antibiotic prescriptions.

Objective

This study aimed to describe the impact of General Practitioners’ (GPs) naturopathy (NP) qualifications and phytopharmaceutical prescriptions on the rate of antibiotic prescribing for upper respiratory infections (RTI).

Methods

We conducted a retrospective cohort study using routine data from the CONTinuous morbidity registration Epidemiologic NeTwork (CONTENT), which includes over 200,000 patients across four federal states in Germany. The study included data from n = 36 GPs who recorded at least one ICD-10 diagnosis of RTI. Antibiotic and phytopharmaceutical prescriptions were identified and analyzed through mixed-effects logistic regression models to explore the influence of GPs’ naturopathy qualifications and phytopharmaceutical use on antibiotic prescribing patterns.

Results

The study included 40,344 patients managed by 36 GPs. Prescriptions of phytopharmaceuticals significantly reduced the likelihood of antibiotic use (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.45–0.52). Additionally, holding a naturopathy qualification was associated with lower rates of antibiotic prescriptions (OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.69–0.78). The interaction between naturopathy qualification and phytopharmaceutical prescriptions also showed a significant effect (OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.27–1.62). Patient’s year of birth influenced prescribing patterns indicating a reduction of antibiotic prescriptions for younger patients, while patients’ gender did not reveal a significant effect.

Conclusion

Prescriptions of phytopharmaceuticals were significantly associated with a decrease antibiotic prescriptions among GPs, especially when combined with naturopathy qualifications. Training in naturopathic approaches could enhance antibiotic stewardship efforts in primary care settings, suggesting that broader integration of CIM elements into medical training could be beneficial in mitigating antibiotic resistance.
Case report: Novel deletions in the 6p21.33 involving the CSNK2B gene in patients with Poirier-Bienvenu neurodevelopmental syndrome and literature review
Authors: Zhang Xuan , Lu Hongjuan , Ji Yichen , Sun Wei
Published: October 2024

Background

Seizures have been identified in most patients with CSNK2B-related Poirer-Bienvenu Neurodevelopment syndrome (POBINDS). Detailed descriptions of seizure phenotypes, various genotypes, and long-term follow-up visits are required for clinicians to provide reasonable clinical management for such patients.

Case summary

We report two new Chinese patients with varying sizes of 6p21.33 deletions encompassing the CSNK2B gene who presented with intellectual disability and seizures. Furthermore, we conducted a literature review of previously reported patients with 6p21.33 deletions or CSNK2B variants. We summarized and analyzed the clinical characteristics of these patients with seizures. The occurrence of a biphasic pattern of epilepsy and pharmacoresistant epilepsy in patients with CSNK2B variants is severely underestimated. One of our patients underwent a long follow-up period and presented with comprehensive disease progression.

Conclusion

Our data suggest that the CSNK2B variant or 6p21.33 deletion should be considered in patients with intellectual disability and epilepsy, especially those characterized by biphasic patterns and digital anomalies.
Heterogeneity between subgroups of first-line chemoimmunotherapy for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer patients: a meta-analysis and systematic review
Authors: Kang Wenwen , Cheng Jing , Pan Luyun , Zhan Ping , Liu Hongbing , Lv Tangfeng , Han Hedong , Song Yong
Published: October 2024

Objectives

Differences in clinicopathological characteristics of extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) patients may influence the immune response. This study aims to evaluate the heterogeneity of response to first-line chemoimmunotherapy between subgroups in ES-SCLC to screen out suitable populations.

Materials and methods

We searched the PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases from inception to December 3, 2022 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of ES-SCLC chemoimmunotherapy. We also reviewed main conferences from January 1, 2021 to October 1, 2023. A trial-specific hazard ratio (HR) ratio for each subgroup was calculated, and these ratios were then pooled using the deft approach.

Results

A total of 9 RCTs with 4099 patients were finally included. The pooled ratios were 0.92 (95% CI = 0.77 to 1.09) for OS-HRs and 0.79 (95% CI = 0.55 to 1.13) for PFS-HRs in women versus men. The pooled ratios of OS-HRs and PFS-HRs in patients with positive versus negative PD-L1 expression were 1.26 (95% CI = 0.91 to 1.73) and 1.08 (95% CI = 0.77 to 1.52), respectively. The pooled ratios of OS-HRs and PFS-HRs in patients without versus with brain metastasis were 0.77 (95% CI = 0.59 to 1.01) and 0.71 (95% CI = 0.44 to 1.12). No statistically significant differences were also found in terms of subgroups for age, liver metastasis, smoking status, ECOG PS, LDH level, type of platinum salt and race.

Conclusion

Women or patients with negative PD-L1 expression or with LDH ≤ ULN or without brain metastasis tend to benefit more from first-line chemoimmunotherapy in ES-SCLC. More trials are needed to prospectively validate the therapeutic heterogeneity among clinicopathological characteristics.

Systematic review registration

https://inplasy.com/inplasy-2023-3-0064/ identifier, INPLASY202330064.
Identification and validation of matrix metalloproteinase hub genes as potential biomarkers for Skin Cutaneous Melanoma
Authors: Zhang Zhongyi , Zhao Mei , Zhou Zubing , Ren Xiaodan , He Yunliang , Shen Tao , Zeng Hongping , Li Kai , Zhang Yong
Published: October 2024

Objectives

The role of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in Skin Cutaneous Melanoma (SKCM) development and progression is unclear so far. This comprehensive study delved into the intricate role of MMPs in SKCM development and progression.

Methods

RT-qPCR, bisulfite sequencing, and WES analyzed MMP gene expression, promoter methylation, and mutations in SKCM cell lines. TCGA datasets validated findings. DrugBank and molecular docking identified potential regulatory drugs, and cell line experiments confirmed the role of key MMP genes in tumorigenesis.

Results

Our findings unveiled significant up-regulation of MMP9, MMP12, MMP14, and MMP16, coupled with hypomethylation of their promoters in SKCM cell lines, implicating their involvement in disease progression. Mutational analysis highlighted a low frequency of mutations in these genes, indicating less involvement of mutations in the expression regulatory mechanisms. Prognostic assessments showcased a significant correlation between elevated expression of these genes and poor overall survival (OS) in SKCM patients. Additionally, functional experiments involving gene silencing revealed a potential impact on cellular proliferation, further emphasizing the significance of MMP9, MMP12, MMP14, and MMP16 in SKCM pathobiology.

Conclusion

This study identifies Estradiol and Calcitriol as potential drugs for modulating MMP expression in SKCM, highlighting MMP9, MMP12, MMP14, and MMP16 as key diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.