bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In situ N, O co-doped porous carbon derived from antibiotic fermentation residues as electrode material for high-performance supercapacitors
Authors: Qin Shumeng , Liu Peiliang , Wang Jieni , Liu Chenxiao , Wang Qizhao , Chen Xuanyu , Zhang Shuqin , Tian Yijun , Zhang Fangfang , Wang Lin , Wei Zhangdong , Cao Leichang , Zhang Jinglai , Zhang Shicheng
Published: August 2023

With the widespread use of antibiotics, the safe utilization of waste antibiotic fermentation residues has become an urgent issue to be resolved.
Liquid electrolyte chemistries for solid electrolyte interphase construction on silicon and lithium-metal anodes
Authors: Park Sewon , Kim Saehun , Lee Jeong-A. , Ue Makoto , Choi Nam-Soon
Published: August 2023

This review comprehensively summarizes the key features of existing liquid electrolyte formulations for Si and Li metal anodes and proposes design rules for advanced liquid electrolyte chemistry.
Impact of polymer chain packing and crystallization on the emission behavior of curcumin-embedded poly(l-lactide)s
Authors: Virat G. , Maiti Kaustabh Kumar , Amal Raj R. B. , Gowd E. Bhoje
Published: August 2023

The development of biodegradable and biocompatible fluorescent materials with tunable emission in the solid state has become increasingly relevant for smart packaging and biomedical applications.
Immunotherapy: cancer immunotherapy and its combination with nanomaterials and other therapies
Authors: Guo Yuanyuan , Gao Fengyuan , Ahmed Adeel , Rafiq Muhammad , Yu Bing , Cong Hailin , Shen Youqing
Published: August 2023

Immunotherapy is a new type of tumor treatment. In this review, the main focus is on an overview of the research progress of immunotherapy in cancer treatment and the combined application of immunotherapy with other therapeutic approaches.
Novel magnetic topological insulator FeBi2Te4 with controllable topological quantum phase
Authors: Guo Wen-Ti , Yang Ningjing , Huang Zhigao , Zhang Jian-Min
Published: August 2023

Topological phase transition processes in FM-z order FeBi2Te4 under pressure are determined and topologically classified.
Verbs Matter: A Tutorial for Determining Verb Difficulty
Authors: Finestack Lizbeth H. , Linert Jamie , Ancel Elizabeth , Hilliard Lisa , Munson Benjamin , Kuchler Kirstin , Matthys Olivia
Published: August 2023

Purpose:

Research indicates that when teaching grammatical forms to children, the verbs used to model specific grammatical inflections matter. When learning grammatical forms, children have higher performance when they hear many unique verb forms that vary in their frequency and phonological complexity. In this tutorial, we demonstrate a method for identifying and characterizing a large number of verbs based on their frequency and complexity.

Method:

We selected verbs from an open-access database of transcribed child language samples. We extracted verbs produced by 5- to 8.9-year-old children in four morphosyntactic contexts: regular past tense
-ed
, third person singular
-s
,
is/are
+ verb+
ing
, and
do/does
questions. We ranked verbs based on their frequency of occurrence across transcripts. We also coded the phonological complexity of each verb. We coded each verb as high or low frequency and high or low phonological complexity.

Results:

The synthesis yielded 129 unique verbs used in the regular past tense
-ed
context, 107 verbs used in the third person singular -
s
context, 69 verbs used in the
is/are
+ verb+
ing
context, and 16 verbs used in the
do/does
question context. We created tables for each form that include the frequency rankings and phonological complexity scores for every verb.

Conclusions:

Clinicians may use the verb lists, frequency ratings, and phonological complexity scores to help identify verbs to incorporate into assessment and intervention sessions with children. Researchers and clinicians may use the step-by-step approach presented in the tutorial to identify verbs or other syntactic components used in different morphosyntactic contexts or produced by individuals of different demographics in different speaking contexts.
Stratifying Risk of Nonadherence in Lingual Strengthening Dysphagia Rehabilitation
Authors: Vitale Kailey , Powell W. Ryan , Krekeler Brittany N. , Yee Joanne , Rogus-Pulia Nicole
Published: August 2023

Purpose:

Exercise-based treatments may improve swallowing safety and efficiency; yet, it is not clearly understood which factors predict nonadherence to recommended treatment protocols. The aim of this study was to construct an algorithm for stratifying risk of nonadherence to a lingual strengthening dysphagia treatment program.

Method:

Using recursive partitioning, we created a classification tree built from a pool of sociodemographic, clinical, and functional status indicators to identify risk groups for nonadherence to an intensive lingual strengthening treatment program. Nonadherence, or noncompletion, was defined as not completing two or more follow-up sessions or a final session within 84 days.

Results:

The study cohort consisted of 243 Veterans enrolled in the Intensive Dysphagia Treatment program across six sites from January 2012 to August 2019. The overall rate of nonadherence in this cohort was 38%. The classification tree demonstrated good discriminate validity (C-statistic = 0.74) and contained eight groups from five variables: primary diagnosis, marital status, Penetration–Aspiration Scale (PAS) severity score, race/ethnicity, and age. Nonadherence risk was categorized as high (range: 69%–77%), intermediate (27%–33%), and low risk (≤ 13%–22%).

Conclusions:

This study identified distinct risk groups for nonadherence to lingual strengthening dysphagia rehabilitation. Additional research is necessary to understand how these factors may drive nonadherence. With external validation and refinement through prospective studies, a clinically relevant risk stratification tool can be developed to identify patients who may be at high risk for nonadherence and provide targeted patient support to mitigate risk and provide for unmet needs.
Multi‐input fully CNN for joint pilot decontamination and symbol detection in 5G massive MIMO
Authors: Victor Crallet M. , Mvuma Alloys N. , Mrutu Salehe I.
Published: August 2023

This paper presents a multi‐input deep learning‐based joint pilot decontamination and symbol detection (SD) technique for 5G massive multiple‐input multiple‐output (MAMIMO) systems. It consists of a fully convolutional neural network (FCNN) that finds the 5G channel coefficients using pre‐known sounding reference signals (SRSs) under pilot contamination and a symbol detector derived from projected gradient descent iterations. The study considers pilot contamination caused by inter‐cell interferences between SRSs during channel estimation (CE). The proposed scheme accepts entire 5G orthogonal frequency modulated (OFDM) data and least square estimates and produces the transmitted OFDM signal. Simulation experiments demonstrated that the proposed technique has better CE and SD performance with reduced trainable parameters. Moreover, it is faster due to the lowest elapsed time during end‐to‐end OFDM symbol detection. This paper proposes a joint pilot decontamination and signal detection for 5G MAMIMO systems. It achieves better detection performance with the lowest number of trainable parameters and memory requirements. It is applicable in 5G OFDM symbol detection and channel estimation under pilot contamination.
An on‐orbit calibration method for time delay of inter‐satellite link transponder in tracking and data relay satellite
Authors: Wang Lei , Tong Kaixiang , Yang Jingyu , Chen Xiang
Published: August 2023

The tracking and data relay satellite (TDRS) in geosynchronous orbit (GEO) can provide ranging and communication services for user spacecraft in low Earth orbit (LEO) through the inter‐satellite link (ISL). The time delay of TDRS ISL transponder in orbit differs from its pre‐launch state and changes due to the complex space environment, adding significant errors to the user spacecraft's orbit determination based on four‐way ranging data. The authors have developed a calibration system and proposed an efficient on‐orbit calibration method for the ISL transponder's time delay in TDRS. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the authors’ method, and the RMS of calibration residuals is less than 0.5 m.
A four‐stage framework for optimal scheduling strategy of smart prosumers with vehicle‐to‐home capability under real time pricing based on interval optimization
Authors: Tostado‐Véliz Marcos , Ghadimi Ali Asghar , Miveh Mohammad Reza , Myyas Ra'ed Nahar , Jurado Francisco
Published: August 2023

With the emergence of the Smart Grid concept, utility companies require more active participation of home users in the power sector. This changing paradigm is enabled by the wide deployment of multiple home assets such as small renewable‐based generators or storage facilities. In this context, consumers are no longer conceived as pure loads but also active agents that can exchange energy with the grid. To promote this active participation, utility companies promote different price‐based demand response programs to change the consumer patterns on pursuing a more efficient and economic system operation. In this regard, home energy management programs are becoming an essential tool for efficiently managing the different home users while addressing multiple demand response goals at minimum cost. In essence, a home energy management system is a computational optimization tool, which has to handle multiple uncertainties brought by weather forecast or energy pricing. This paper tackles this issue by developing a novel robust home energy management program based on interval optimization. In contrast to other related approaches, the proposal avoids the explicit use of interval arithmetic. Instead, the different uncertain parameters are sequentially incorporated into the scheduling task through different stages and interval‐based formulation. The developed methodology incorporates weather, load, energy pricing and plug‐in electric vehicle related uncertainties. A benchmark case study in a smart prosumer layout serves to prove the effectiveness of the new approach.
Hedging risks in the C‐ITS road‐side unit investment case for Flanders: A real options approach
Authors: Degrande Thibault , Colle Didier , Verbrugge Sofie
Published: August 2023

Cooperative intelligent transport systems (C‐ITS) deployments for vehicle‐to‐infrastructure communication require substantial investments from European Member States in road‐side units (RSUs) and in central traffic management systems. The promise of numerous societal benefits should justify these public investments. However, C‐ITS uptake in passenger cars, and thus the subsequent societal benefits, are highly uncertain. Therefore, here, a case study of Flanders is presented in which real option analysis) is used to help road authorities assess the RSU investment opportunity. The framework combines a detailed cost and benefit model and includes managerial options for the road authority. This technique aims to incorporate the value of the flexibility that is available during the deployment to reduce risk exposure, and as such more accurately appraise the investment. C‐ITS uptake in passenger cars was modelled as the major source of uncertainty, as it is the primary driver of societal benefits. While a static RSU investment analysis for Flanders, Belgium, was found to be negative, embedding the option to defer the investment decision to further study C‐ITS uptake results in a positive average net present value. The results are useful for any road authority aspiring to roll out C‐ITS road‐side infrastructure.
Highly sensitive multifunction protection coordination scheme for improved reliability of power systems with distributed generation (PVs)
Authors: Alasali Feras , El‐Naily Naser , Saidi Abdelaziz Salah , Itradat Awni , Holderbaum William , Mohamed Faisal A.
Published: August 2023

The high penetration of distribution generators (DGs), such as photovoltaic (PV), has made optimal overcurrent coordination a major concern for power protection. In the literature, the conventional single or multi‐objective function (OF) for phase overcurrent relays (OCRs) scheme faces challenges in terms of stability, sensitivity, and selectivity to handle the integration of DGs and ground fault scenarios. In this work, a new optimal OCR coordination scheme has been developed as a multifunction scheme for phase and ground events using standard and non‐standard tripping characteristics. This research introduces and validates a coordinated optimum strategy based on two new optimization approaches, the Tug of War Optimization algorithm (TWO) and the Charged System Search algorithm (CSS), to mitigate the effects of DGs on fault currents and locations across the power network. Industrial software is used to create a case study of a CIGRE power network equipped with two 10 MW PV systems, and the results of the proposed new optimum coordination scheme are compared to traditional schemes. The findings show that the proposed multifunction OCR scheme is able to reduce the tripping time of OCRs over different fault and grid operation scenarios and increase the sensitivity of the relays in islanding operation mode.
ALMA-IMF
Authors: Cunningham N. , Ginsburg A. , Galván-Madrid R. , Motte F. , Csengeri T. , Stutz A. M. , Fernández-López M. , Álvarez-Gutiérrez R. H. , Armante M. , Baug T. , Bonfand M. , Bontemps S. , Braine J. , Brouillet N. , Busquet G. , Díaz-González D. J. , Di Francesco J. , Gusdorf A. , Herpin F. , Liu H. , López-Sepulcre A. , Louvet F. , Lu X. , Maud L. , Nony T. , Olguin F. A. , Pouteau Y. , Rivera-Soto R. , Sandoval-Garrido N. A. , Sanhueza P. , Tatematsu K. , Towner A. P. M. , Valeille-Manet M.
Published: August 2023

ALMA-IMF is an Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) Large Program designed to measure the core mass function (CMF) of 15 protoclusters chosen to span their early evolutionary stages. It further aims to understand their kinematics, chemistry, and the impact of gas inflow, accretion, and dynamics on the CMF. We present here the first release of the ALMA-IMF line data cubes (DR1), produced from the combination of two ALMA 12 m-array configurations. The data include 12 spectral windows, with eight at 1.3 mm and four at 3 mm. The broad spectral coverage of ALMA-IMF (∼6.7 GHz bandwidth coverage per field) hosts a wealth of simple atomic, molecular, ionised, and complex organic molecular lines. We describe the line cube calibration done by ALMA and the subsequent calibration and imaging we performed. We discuss our choice of calibration parameters and optimisation of the cleaning parameters, and we demonstrate the utility and necessity of additional processing compared to the ALMA archive pipeline. As a demonstration of the scientific potential of these data, we present a first analysis of the DCN (3–2) line. We find that DCN (3–2) traces a diversity of morphologies and complex velocity structures, which tend to be more filamentary and widespread in evolved regions and are more compact in the young and intermediate-stage protoclusters. Furthermore, we used the DCN (3–2) emission as a tracer of the gas associated with 595 continuum cores across the 15 protoclusters, providing the first estimates of the core systemic velocities and linewidths within the sample. We find that DCN (3–2) is detected towards a higher percentage of cores in evolved regions than the young and intermediate-stage protoclusters and is likely a more complete tracer of the core population in more evolved protoclusters. The full ALMA 12m-array cubes for the ALMA-IMF Large Program are provided with this DR1 release.
Young nearby open clusters and their luminosity functions
Authors: Žerjal M. , Lodieu N. , Pérez-Garrido A. , Olivares J. , Béjar V. J. S. , Martín E. L.
Published: August 2023

Context. Open clusters are groups of coeval stars sharing properties such as distance and metallicity, and they are key to understanding stellar evolution.

Aims. Our main goal is to study the evolution of open clusters with a special focus on the universality of the luminosity function.

Methods. We applied an upgraded version of the convergent point technique on about 50 open clusters. The selection of cluster members was based purely on the exquisite astrometry of the Gaia DR3 and HIPPARCOS catalogues in the five-dimensional or full six-dimensional space.

Results. We present updated lists of bona fide members of ∼50 open clusters within 500 pc and younger than 1 Gyr, exploiting the full depth of the third Gaia data release complemented by HIPPARCOS at the bright end, excluding regions in the Galactic plane. Our catalogues also are complemented by optical and infrared photometry from the major large-scale public surveys. All the data will be made available on a dedicated webpage with interactive plots and a direct link to Aladin and Vizier hosted at the Centre de Données de Strasbourg. We derived luminosity functions for all bound clusters and compared them in three age groups of ∼50 Myr, ∼150 Myr, and ∼600 Myr, discussing similarities and differences to constrain their dynamical evolution.

Conclusions. Luminosity functions of clusters at 50 Myr are more likely similar to each other and show a greater degree of similarity than older clusters. We explain this observation with the universal luminosity function within the volume of our sample (500 pc). Luminosity functions of clusters with ages similar to the Pleiades or Hyades are more diverse, perhaps due to internal dynamical evolution, but more work is needed to provide additional evidence.
In pursuit of giants
Authors: Donevski D. , Damjanov I. , Nanni A. , Man A. , Giulietti M. , Romano M. , Lapi A. , Narayanan D. , Davé R. , Shivaei I. , Sohn J. , Junais  , Pantoni L. , Li Q.
Published: August 2023

The physical mechanisms that link the termination of star formation in quiescent galaxies and the evolution of their baryonic components, stars, and the interstellar medium (ISM; dust, gas, and metals) are poorly constrained beyond the local Universe. In this work, we characterise the evolution of the dust content in 545 quiescent galaxies observed at 0.1 < z < 0.6 as part of the hCOSMOS spectroscopic redshift survey. This is, to date, the largest sample of quiescent galaxies at intermediate redshifts for which the dust, stellar, and metal abundances are consistently estimated. We analyse how the crucial markers of a galaxy dust life cycle, such as specific dust mass (Mdust/M⋆), evolve with different physical parameters, namely gas-phase metallicity (Zgas), time since quenching (tquench), stellar mass (M⋆), and stellar population age. We find morphology to be an important factor in the large scatter in Mdust/M⋆ (∼2 orders of magnitude). Quiescent spirals exhibit strong evolutionary trends of specific dust mass with M⋆, stellar age, and galaxy size, in contrast to the little to no evolution experienced by ellipticals. When transitioning from solar to super-solar metallicities (8.7 ≲ 12 + log(O/H)≲9.1), quiescent spirals undergo a reversal in Mdust/M⋆, indicative of a change in dust production efficiency. By modelling the star formation histories of our objects, we unveil a broad dynamical range of post-quenching timescales (60 Myr < tquench < 3.2 Gyr). We show that Mdust/M⋆ is highest in recently quenched systems (tquench < 500 Myr), but its further evolution is non-monotonic, as a consequence of different pathways for dust formation, growth, or removal on various timescales. Our data are best described by simulations that include dust growth in the ISM. While this process is prevalent in the majority of galaxies, for ∼15% of objects we find evidence of additional dust content acquired externally, most likely via minor mergers. Altogether, our results strongly suggest that prolonged dust production on a timescale of 0.5 − 1 Gyr since quenching may be common in dusty quiescent galaxies at intermediate redshifts, even if their gas reservoirs are heavily exhausted (i.e. cold gas fraction < 1 − 5%).
Investigation of the intensity of carbon dioxide emissions by steppe soil when introducing fallow lands into circulation
Authors: Bobrenko Igor , Goman Natalia , Nezhevlyak Olga , Bobrenko Elena , Kormin Viktor
Published: August 2023

The paper reflects the results of studying the temporal variability of carbon dioxide fluxes by the soils of deposits when they are introduced into agricultural circulation. The purpose of the research is to study the change in carbon dioxide emissions by the soils of fallow lands in the conditions of the steppe of Western Siberia. In 2022, research was conducted in the Omsk Region at key sites. The soils of the site are solodic, malodorous medium low-sodium columnar heavy loamy meadow-chernozem; cortical columnar heavy loamy saline meadow-chernozem, fine-grained low-humus heavy loamy meadow malt. Seasonal changes in carbon dioxide fluxes by soils on deposits when introduced into circulation using agrotechnical technology are significant (Figure 2) with a maximum in July (67.7 g CO2/m2/day) and a minimum in September (16.7 g CO2/m2/day); on deposits with combined technology, respectively, 54.4 and 14.1 g CO2/m2/day. Agrotechnical technology contributed to a greater emission of carbon dioxide from the soils of the deposit than combined. The system of agrotechnical techniques when introducing fallow soils into agricultural circulation has a significant impact on the release of carbon dioxide by the soil surface. Of the soil level of the deposit without treatment, it was 162% with agrotechnical technology (tillage), and with combined (tillage + herbicide application) 133%.
Designing of composite reticulated shell mounting for reflectors of satellite antennas enhanced ribs
Authors: Jingyu Guo , Denisov O. V. , Denisova L.V.
Published: August 2023

The growth in the number of communication satellites and the increase in antenna signal frequencies places higher demands on the accuracy and mass of reflectors. The accuracy of the reflector depends not only on its structure and materials but is also influenced by its mounting. In this paper, based on the rib-reinforced reflector designed by Bauman Moscow State Technical University, the effect of the reticulated shell mountings with different numbers of interlacing ribs in a shape of a circular truncated cone working in the geosynchronous orbit on the thermal deformation of the reflective surface is investigated by simulations using Siemens NX software. It is concluded that the desired deformation can be obtained when the number of t interlacing is 30. On thermal deformation, the effects of two weight reduction methods, namely reducing the width and thickness of ribs, were also investigated simultaneously. It is shown that reducing the thickness of ribs can achieve the target of mass reduction under the condition of ensuring the accuracy of the reflective surface. It is provided the basis for engineering calculations for practice.
Influence of UV irradiation on the degradation of composites based on polyethylene
Authors: Podzorova M. V. , Varyan I. A. , Kiselev N. V. , Tertyshnaya Yu. V. , Khramkova A. V.
Published: August 2023

The study of photo degradation of polymers is an important task of the present. In particular, understanding the kinetics of these processes helps to improve the properties of polymeric materials. In this article, films based on low-density polyethylene with a content of 10-50 wt.% natural rubber were studied when exposed to ultraviolet radiation. It has been established that the addition of natural rubber to polyethylene promotes the onset of photo degradation of the resulting composite material upon irradiation at a wavelength of 254 nm. At the same time, no changes occur in the structure of 100% polyethylene under similar conditions.
Application of neural network technologies to solving the problem of materials classification of two-layer structure by hardness parameter
Authors: Babushkina Natalia , Lyapin Alexandr
Published: August 2023

The focus of the article is on utilizing neural networks, a form of artificial intelligence, to address the task of categorizing mechanical characteristics of diverse materials. Brinell hardness was chosen as the considered characteristics of materials for the study, the choice of this property was justified. The study simulates a finite element model of the impact of an indenter on a two-layer structure in an Ansys environment. The difference in the properties of the construction materials is determined by the application of a strengthening coating or the accumulation of multiple defects in the surface layer. Using the model, a set of data for training a neural network was obtained. As part of the experimental part, the structure of the neural network was developed, its hyperparameters were adjusted. A comparative analysis is presented that examines two different methods for neural network calculations based on the nature of the input impact.
Development of a mathematical model of the oscillatory system of agricultural mobile power equipment with attachments for the creation of their adaptive springing systems
Authors: Godzhaev Zakhid , Senkevich Sergey , Malakhov Ivan , Uyutov Sergey
Published: August 2023

A mathematical model of oscillations of a mobile energy means (MEM) is presented and investigated. The proposed MEM oscillation model makes it possible to determine the positions of the MEM center of mass points in various situations on a support base (agrophone) with a different microprofile. Differential equations have been compiled for computer simulation. The solution of differential equations describing the oscillations of the MEM during its movement in a compound with attachments, as well as a computational experiment-simulation modeling were performed in the software complexes Mathcad and MATLAB Simulink. The initial data used are the mass-dimensional and elastic-damping properties of the structural elements of the MEM, based on the TK-3-180 tractor, obtained by calculation and experiment and a real support base (agrophone) with a known micro- and macro profile. The model makes it possible to study the dynamic processes of the oscillatory system “Support base (agrophone) – running system – machine frame with attachments – cab”. The results of computer simulation modeling are presented – graphs showing fluctuations of sprung and unsprung masses of MEM when moving on different backgrounds.
The use of Turkic loanwords in the Russian language
Authors: Im S.B.
Published: August 2023

The subject of the research is loanwords form Turkic languages in the Russian language. The basic rules for the development of the language, its connections with the history of society in different periods are clearly manifested precisely in the vocabulary. Loanwords from Turkic languages were borrowed through oral speech. This led to the emergence of various options for borrowing. The article describes the internal rules for the development of Turkic loanwords, reflected in their composition, functioning, semantics, and phonetics. The borrowing of loanwords, in particular, from the Turkic languages, is determined mainly by the needs of semantic differentiation. Turkic loanwords, as well as Western European loanwords, changed in semantics and went beyond the original sphere of functioning. In the process of development, Turkic vocabulary adjusts to the phonetic, morphological and semantic norms of the Russian language by changing their phonetic composition and semantics. Turkic loanwords are mostly monosemantic words that filled in the gaps in the system of nomination. Therefore, Turkic vocabulary was the only means of nomination for a long time. Later, becoming a part of the Russian language, Turkic loanwords acquire figurative meanings.
Old age as a basic concept of social gerontology: Linguistic-theoretical aspect
Authors: Saparova K. O. , Ruzmetov S. A.
Published: August 2023

This article examines the views of modern scientists on the phenomenon of old age, as well as the range of problems and concepts of special social science –gerontology, designed to solve demographic, socio-economic problems of aging. It is noted that social gerontology, which is a branch of the abovementioned science, also relates to the group of sciences of the linguistic cycle: culture of speech, stylistics, sociolinguistics and others. It is pointed out that the speeches of elderly people are characterised by specific lexical units and idiomatic expressions. Issues related to the old age and the ageing of man since ancient times have been in the focus of philosophers' attention. The article mentions the works of the famous statesman of the Roman Empire, politician, philosopher and orator Mark Tullius Cicero (106-43). The author concludes that the integration of social gerontology with linguistic science may lead to the emergence of a new scientific field, that will possibly be named linguistic gerontology or gerontological linguistics.
A Bibliometric analysis of tourism discourse research articles published between 2012 and 2021
Authors: Hakimova Zuhra
Published: August 2023

Bibliometric article analysis is considered to be important in tourism as a outcome of external research quality evaluation, the demonstration of prestige and influence rate, and also study for further development. A bibliometric article review may be applied to different type of publication, yet the main focus is on journals. Working on the mixed judicious use of literature review and bibliometric and content analysis, we examined a sample of 1268 studies by their year, country, affiliation and their source from the Scopus database on the subject of ‘tourism discourse’ between 2012 and 2021 which aims to define the dominating trends and find out the prevailing and prestigious articles in the given period of time. During the research, multiple methods of literature review and bibliometric analysis are applied including keyword analysis, descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. We identify the most influential authors and articles based on their publications and citations. Additionally, we also present potential directions for further research.
Improvement of speech competence as a tool for forming management skills of future specialists of technical universities during language teaching
Authors: Saidjalalova Sayyora
Published: August 2023

Annotation. The formation of speech competence is a goal, a task, but most of all, the problem of training future specialists for any professional field, which, in the context of the modernization of education, modern science and production, is of particular relevance. The article provides a general description of the facilitation method, indicates the role and place in the improvement of speech competencies; disclosed the structure and features of the method “Facilitation” in the student audience. The technology of preparation and implementation of the “Facilitation” method in universities is also highlighted, as an innovative method that contributes to the improvement of managerial skills among future specialists of technical universities. The article highlights the problems of introducing the facilitation method, as one of the innovative methods that are being introduced into the educational process.
Retracted Article: Calculation of stresses initiated by electrical explosion of conductors in a composite thick-walled cylinder
Authors: Scherbakov Alexander , Busakhin Alexey , Gusev Pavel , Deniskina Antonina
Published: August 2023

This paper has been formally retracted on ethical grounds because the article contains
extensive and repeated instances of plagiarism. The authors are responsible for this
mistake and apologise for it. Request approved by the proceedings Editor and the
Publisher on September 13, 2023.
Charge transfer processes in granulated Mg3Sb2 particles
Authors: Fazliddin Omonboev Lutfiddin o’gli , Mamadalimov Tishabayevich Abdugafur , Olimov Omanovich Lutfiddin
Published: August 2023

In the article, temperature dependence of specific resistance (ρ), concentration of charge carriers (n) and mobility (<) was studied experimentally at T=300-700 K to study charge transfer processes in granulated Mg3Sb2 particles. The research results were explained on the basis of the charge transfer mechanism in Mg3Sb2 particles. In particular, at the initial stage of temperature increase, Т≤375 К, localized traps with energy level Ein appear in the interparticle boundary areas of the heated part of the sample. When charge carriers are trapped in them, ρ increases sharply, and n decreases. In the later stages of temperature increase, the thermal phenomenon increases along the length of the sample. In this process, localized traps with energy level Ein appear successively in the interparticle boundary regions located along the length of the sample. In relation to the charges held in them, the concentration of the generated charge carriers n increases in accordance with the increase in temperature, in this case ρ changes steadily. The increase of the potential barrier height in the interparticle boundary regions from φ ~ 0.411 eV to 0.91 eV confirms the above considerations. In addition, under the influence of temperature, the particle size and impurity ionization in the interparticle boundary areas or thermal fluctuations of the crystal lattice decrease the free movement path of the carriers. This leads to a decrease in µ at T=300-700 K.
Development of a science-based technology for the manufacture of sheet panels with fasteners
Authors: Nescoromniy S. V.
Published: August 2023

An analysis was made of the application of Stud Welding hardware welding technologies depending on the welded structures used, the duration of the process, the shape of the stud butt and the consumables used. The use of CD Stud Welding technology for welding metalware to thin-sheet panels is substantiated. The essence of the process of formation of a welded joint is described, which consists in the explosive evaporation of a protrusion at the end of a hardware during the discharge of capacitor banks, the excitation and burning of an electric arc in the metal vapors of the parts to be welded, their convergence when the spring mechanism overcomes the pressure of metal vapors, the immersion of the hardware into the weld pool of the part with subsequent crystallization molten metal in the liquid phase. The spring mechanism was calibrated using a compression dynamometer. The flowing pulsed current was registered depending on the input energy of the discharge of capacitor banks. The main parameters of the capacitor welding mode are determined and the dependences on the input energy and preliminary static pressure are established. The indicator of mechanical tests was taken as a quality parameter - the pull-off force. The effect of metal vapor pressure, which counteracts the convergence of welded parts, is revealed. Dependences of opposing pressures to the convergence of welded parts are constructed.
Verification of lira-sapr calculation of i-beams with two symmetry axes for general stability in transverse bending in the plane with maximum stiffness
Authors: Makeev S.A. , Silina N.G. , Komlev A.A. , Stupin M.A.
Published: August 2023

The paper considers verification of calculation of split I-beams with two symmetry axes on the general Eulerian stability at transverse bending in the plane of maximum stiffness in the software package (PC) LIRA-SAD. Calculations for various loads are given. Numerical calculation results in PC LIRA-SAP are compared with calculation by analytical formulas of S.P. Timoshenko and V.Z. Vlasov. Conclusions about calculation accuracy in PC LIRA-SAD in comparison with analytical formulas analysis are made.
Development of methods for analysing telemetry of small spacecraft using machine learning methods
Authors: Listov Dmitriy , Aleshko Roman
Published: August 2023

This article explores the influence of some averaged planetary geomagnetic indices, as well as solar activity indexes (Dst, Kp, Ap and Wolf numbers) on small spacecraft systems. The global experience in the field of research is described, and various directions in which leading specialists work are analysed. Methods of data analysis using Python are also provided. The procedure of correlation between space weather data and telemetry data of small spacecraft at a single moment in time is carried out. At the end of the experiment, a conclusion is drawn on which specific indicators should be focused on. Suggestions for further research on this topic are also provided.
Laboratory Evaluation of the Limitations of Positive Pressure Safety Valves on Hard-Shell Venous Reservoirs
Authors: Almany Daniel K. , Sistino Joseph J.
Published: August 2023

Vacuum-assisted venous drainage (VAVD) is a technique used to increase venous return during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). However, VAVD has created some new safety concerns. One potential problem is the pressurization of the venous reservoir in the event of vacuum failure. To prevent this overpressurization, a positive pressure release valve (PPRV) is placed on the venous reservoir. The purpose of this study was to determine if there is a difference in the pressurization of venous reservoirs using various PPRVs. The method of this study included evaluation of four different venous reservoirs and their associated PPRVs. Each reservoir was completely sealed, and two roller pumps with 1⁄4-in tubing were connected to the reservoir suction inlet. The roller pumps were calibrated, and a disposable pressure transducer was used to measure pressure at the venous inlet. Each reservoir was first sealed and then pressurized to test the occlusion of the roller heads. The PPRVs were tested by measuring the venous inlet pressure at a range of suction flow rates from 0–5 L/min. Linear regression analysis was performed to predict the venous inlet pressure from the rate of suction flow for each PPRV. The PPRV in the Baxter, Gish, and Gambro reservoirs maintained a low reservoir pressure (<40 mmHg) even at excessive suction flow rates (3–5 L/min). The PPRV in the Medtronic reservoir allowed excessive pressures (>40 mmHg) even at low flow rates (1–2 L/min). It is recommended that any reservoir used for VAVD be evaluated in a similar manner to determine whether it is safe under the maximal suction and vent flow conditions possible during clinical practice.
Nitric Oxide: Platelet Protectant Properties During Cardiopulmonary Bypass/ECMO
Authors: Jacobson Julie
Published: August 2023

Postoperative bleeding is a major complication in patients who have been placed on extracorporeal circulatory support for various cardiac procedures (1). The increase in hemorrhage is well documented and is associated with various factors, which include, high-dose systemic heparinization, thrombocytopenia, and impaired platelet function. Platelets activate when exposed to the large foreign surface of the extracorpeal circuit, with the largest area being the oxygenator. Despite adequate heparinization, platelet levels continue to decrease. This aggregation phenomenon has also been extensively studied, and it cannot be attributed to the use of aminocarproic acid, aprotinin, propofol, or amicar (2). Other factors found to be unrelated include, the brand or type of oxygenator, the use of heparin coatings (3), activated clotting time (ACT) levels while on bypass, the operative procedure, preoperative medications, or the types of anesthetic agents used (2). Therefore, it may be beneficial to add nitric oxide to the sweep gas to decrease platelet loss, platelet damage, postoperative bleeding, and lessening the need for post-operative blood transfusions.
Ventricular Function Determination During Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Following Norwood Operation: A Case Report
Authors: Sistino Joseph J. , Smyre Jonathan T. , Patel Kirti
Published: August 2023

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation has been used successfully to support both cardiac and pulmonary function following Stage I Norwood operation. Determination of the return of native cardiac function and pulmonary function can be easily accomplished because of the single ventricle physiology. The pulmonary function can be assessed while on full flow ECMO by isolating the membrane oxygenator gas compartment, allowing evaluation of native pulmonary gas exchange through the modified Blalock–Taussig shunt. Cardiac output can be calculated by using the following oxygen delivery equation: Total O2 delivery ECMO oxygen delivery + ventricular oxygen delivery. The ventricular O2 saturation used in the formula for oxygen delivery is same as the mixed venous O2 saturation returning to the ECMO pump because of the large atrial communication following the Norwood operation.

A 3.2 kilogram patient was placed on a pediatric ECMO circuit utilizing a heparin-coated centrifugal pump and a microporous membrane oxygenate after failure to wean from bypass because of a low oxygen saturation and poor ventricular function. On day 1 of support, the systemic arterial oxygen saturation was 100% and matched the ECMO arterial saturation. On day 2 of the support, the patient's arterial saturation decreased to 96%, and the ECMO mixed venous saturation was 87%. Using the oxygen delivery formula, the ventricular cardiac output was calculated to be 175 mL/min, with an ECMO flow of 400 mL/min for a total cardiac output of 575 mL/min. The native ventricular contribution was, therefore, 30% of total cardiac output. Calculation of cardiac output would normally require a left ventricular sample in a patient with biventricular physiology. The single ventricle physiology in the post-operative Norwood patient makes this calculation a useful tool for assessing return of ventricular function in these patients.
Alleviating Heat Loss Associated with Modified Ultrafiltration
Authors: Deptula Joseph , Gaynor J. William , Groneck James , Owens Tami , Rogers Kellie , Griffin Dee Ann , Spray Thomas
Published: August 2023

Modified ultrafiltration (MUF) has been described and utilized for the removal of extracellular water in the immediate postcardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) period. This technique has been associated with improved hematological status and hemodynamic stability post cardiopulmonary bypass. Hypothermia during the MUF period has been described as a complication associated with this technique. Decreased patient temperature may be associated with increased bleeding causing an increase in time to sternal re-approximation, OR time, decreases in cardiac function, peripheral vascular perfusion, and an increase in blood product utilization. These complications may reduce some of the benefits described with the use of MUF. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of a heated MUF infusion line to reduce the heat loss associated with this technique in a pediatric population. After obtaining Committee for Protection of Human Subjects exemption, a retrospective review to evaluate the efficiency of the hot MUF infusion line was undertaken. Twenty patients under 10 kg who underwent MUF before the change to a heated infusion line were retrospectively identified and matched to patients undergoing MUF with a heated infusion line with regard to weight, lesion, procedure, surgical staff and technique, and disposable equipment. Groups were evaluated for temperature and hematocrit change during the MUF period, blood loss and transfusion postprotamine in the OR and 24 h, and time to sternal re-approximation postprotamine. Statistical significance was seen between the two groups in temperature (−0.24 ± 0.72 vs. − 1.58 ± 0.89°C; p < .0001) with the HotLine group having little change post MUF. Significance was also seen in the last OR temperature recorded (37.0 ± 1.2 vs. 36.0 ± 1.0°C; p = .01) with the HotLine group having the higher temperature. There were no significant differences in hematocrit levels at 24 hours, last in the OR, or the change after the MUF period. No significant difference was found in blood transfused postprotamine in the OR, 24-h blood transfused, 24-h chest tube loss, or sternal closure. The study suggests that the use of a heated MUF infusion line safely reduces the heat loss associated with MUF in the immediate post-operative period.
Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: An Off-Pump versus On-Pump Review
Authors: Potger Kieron C. , McMillan Darryl , Connolly Terry , Southwell Joanne , Dando Hayden , O’Shaughnessy Killian
Published: August 2023

There has been a proliferation in the number of coronary artery bypass grafts (CABG) being performed without the use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). However, the benefits of off-pump coronary artery grafting (OPCAB) are still being determined. The aim of this retrospective review was to compare the perioperative outcomes of CPB patients with OPCAB patients and to identify the patients most likely to benefit from the off-pump procedure. We reviewed the perioperative data of all isolated CABG patients at two metropolitan hospitals for the period of August 2000 to September 2001. The two groups (OPCAB vs. CPB) were further divided into subgroups identifying patients by their predicted mortality (higher-risk and lower-risk) and the number of distal graft anastomoses received (1, 2, 3, 4, or 5). A p value less than .05 was considered significant. Out of the total of 882 patients, 46.2% were OPCAB cases. Both CPB and OPCAB groups were similar in terms of demographics and predicted risk of mortality. Intraoperatively, OPCAB patients had fewer distal graft anastomoses (2.4 ± 1.0 vs. 3.2 ± 1.0, p < .001). Postoperatively, patients in the OPCAB group had less chest drainage (889 ± 588 vs. 989 ± 662 mls, p < .001), sustained fewer strokes (0.2 vs. 1.9%, p < .05), were transfused less (15.4 vs. 32.5%, p < .001) and were discharged earlier (7.3 ± 5.6 vs. 8.5 ± 9.1 days, p < .05). For higher-risk patients, OPCAB was associated with fewer reoperations for bleeding (1.3 vs. 6.4%, p < .05), a lower stroke rate (0 vs. 3.2%, p < .05), and a trend toward lower mortality (7.1 vs. 15.1%, p = .08). However, lower-risk OPCAB patients’ stroke incidences (0.5% OPCAB group vs. 1.4% CPB group), and mortality rates (0.5 vs. 0.5%) were similar. Comparisons by number of grafts performed revealed that only the single-grafted OPCAB patients had statistically fewer postoperative complications, reduced chest drainage, and a shorter intensive care stay. Differences between either operation groups in transfusion rates were only statistically significant for the one to three grafted patients, while postoperative stays were similar for patients having four grafts. These results suggest that OPCAB is associated with a reduction in mortality and morbidity, particularly within the higher-risk patients. However, the benefits of OPCAB diminished with an increasing number of distal anastomoses performed.
Validation of a New Whole Blood Coagulation Monitoring System
Authors: Jaryno Stacy , Bennett Kim , Loder Carol , Zucker Marcia L. , Pan Chi-Miau , LaDuca Frank M.
Published: August 2023

The Hemochron® Response is a third generation point-of-care (POC) whole blood coagulation analyzer that retains the clinical utility of the Hemochron standard (801/8000) while providing a data management program that assists the POC coordinator with Quality Assurance (QA) compliance. Clinical and laboratory studies were performed to ensure consistency of the target anticoagulation times with the Hemochron standard and to evaluate precision and reproducibility of the Hemochron Response. Clinical tests for prothrombin time (PT) using fresh and citrated whole blood, activated clotting time (ACT), and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) showed excellent correlation to the Hemochron standard where r = 0.929, r = 0.969, r = 0.947, and r = 0.992, respectively. This was confirmed by a paired Student’s t-test. The standard expectation for reproducibility of ACT tests has been a coefficient of variation (CV) of 10%. Laboratory studies of reproducibility and precision for the Response instrument included analysis of the CV using ACT test tubes. For normal and abnormal control plasma (CPL), the range of CVs observed was 3.3%–4.6% and 3.0%–5.0%, respectively. For heparin dose response analysis, the range for Donor 1 and 2 was 1.0%–4.2% and 1.1%–8.0%, respectively. These data suggest that the Hemochron Response is reliable and equivalent to the Hemochron standard in clinical applications.