bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Works of Gorky and the Emergence of Socialist Realism
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Spiridonova Lidya A.
Published: March 2023

In 1932 the party ideologues at the behest of Stalin announced Gorky “founder of socialist realism”. This definition turned into an ideological stamp, accompanied by writer’s still disturbing to see the writer not only a classic of Soviet literature, but a talented and innovative artist, who all his life sought to create a new method in Russian literature. Considering the classical realism outdated, Gorky already at the beginning of the twentieth century wrote about the necessity of art, which would consider life from the height of the ideals of the future. Starting with the story Mother (1906), he sought to implement the synthesis of the artistic consciousness of the socialist ideal, which he conceived as a way of the harmonik dispensation of the new world. In Tales about Italy and autobiographical trilogy (My Childhood, In the World, My Universities) dream of Gorky about the upcoming fair and reasonable life under socialism is expressed through the synthesis of realism and romantism. In the last years of his life, speaking in journalistic articles with propaganda method of “social realism”, Gorky do not create no one work according its dogmatical principles, which formed after the death of writer.
The Life of Matvei Kozhemyakin by Maxim Gorky: Reflecting on the Genre
Authors:   Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Szymonik Danuta
Published: March 2023

The paper examines the genre of Maxim Gorky’s novel/tale The Life of Matvei Kozhemyakin (1911). The author of the article postulates synthetic nature of the genre, observing features of various genres (annals, saga, autobiography, several novel varieties including historic, societal, and family novel) which form a harmonious artistic whole. In accordance with Jerzy Lienarczyk, Iwo Pospieszyl and others, the author of the article puts forward family saga as the predominating genre component and finds “the family idea” (“mysl semeinaia”) to influence many Gorky’s works and shape their genre structure.
Poetical Oeuvres of M. Gorky in the Artistic Context of Modernism
Authors: Makarova Svetlana A.
Published: March 2023

The article examines the Maxim Gorky ‘s perspective on modernist literature and the art of poetry, analyzes the aesthetic orientation, imagery system, artistic peculiarities of M. Gorky’s Poetry.
The Philosophical Model of the Transfiguration of the World from M. Gorky and A. Blok
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Bogdanova Olga V.
Published: March 2023

The article compares the philosophical models of artistic design of the world harmony and the image of man in it, proposed in the early twentieth century by the idol writers Maxim Gorky and Alexander Blok. During the analysis of paintings “The lower depths” by M. Gorky, a new idea of the ideological and philosophical structure of Gorky’s play is formulated. Unlike the usual dualism (“truth” and “compassion”, “truth” and “lie”), the article discusses the triad of Gorky’s filosopheme “paganism — Christianity — the new philosophy”, that consistently mediated by the ideas of Platonism, tolstoyism and Nietzscheanism. The article shows how “wild” humans-animals (according to Plato), through religious believers in one God (Christ), the heroes of the play climb to the highest step of the evolutionary ladder — to the Proud Man (following Nietzsche). In “The Twelve” by A. Blok is shown that the poem is close to Gorky philosophical triad typologically, based on comparable philosophical foundations: primordial Chaos — altar sacrifice — Christianized Space. The poet based on the ideas of symbolism by V. Solovyov, on the mystical ideas of Rosicrucians, but in the foundation he is close to the same ideas by Plato (pre-civilization existence). The article emphasizes the difference between the ethical and aesthetic systems of Gorky and Blok, but reveals and demonstrates the typological proportionality and relevance of the ideological, mystical, gnostic and philosophical platforms of the two classics of Russian literature of the early twentieth century.
Maxim Gorky’s Poetic Autobiography of the Nizhny Novgorod Years
Authors:   Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Urtmintseva Marina G.
Published: March 2023

Works of small epic forms, created by M. Gorky in Nizhny Novgorod, are part of a single literary text of the writer, whose structure is determined by the predominance of the lyrical beginning, synthesizing the emotional reaction and its rational, philosophical understanding. The analysis of the ideological-thematic and artistic originality of the works considered in the article showed that the central aesthetic problem that M. Gorky decides at this stage of creativity, is to search for ways to embody the author’s consciousness, which allows us to consider them as a poetic autobiography of the writer.
А.M. Gorky’s Journalism of Revolutionary Years
Authors:   Military University of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Naumenko-Porokhina Alla V.
Published: March 2023

The article analyses journalism of Gorky 1917–1918, published in the newspaper New Life under his editorship. Later these articles were published in two complementary books: Revolution and culture. Articles for 1917 (Berlin, 1918; 33 articles) and Untimely thoughts. Notes on revolution and culture (Petrograd, 1918; 48 articles). Gorky’s Notes on the revolution and culture proved to be timely and relevant not only in years, but remain the same in our time, because they covered the most important questions of human existence: the rise of the individual involved in the construction of a new society and a new culture; the struggle for the development of education, science, “smart power”, the ability to reform the society and economy; the formation of national identity; an understanding of their world-historical mission, which is implemented in the idea of a new culture and “world brotherhood”. The implementation of these reforms, according to A.M. Gorky, possibly in terms of the failure of political parties and classes from the political struggle and the transition to the processes of comprehensive development of culture and art.
Estate and Dacha in the Dramaturgy of A.M. Gorky in 1900s (“Dacha Dwellers”, “Children of the Sun”, “Enemies”)
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Bogdanova Olga A.
Published: March 2023

The article investigates the dialectics of the chronotopes of the estate and dacha windows in the Russian literature of the turn of the 19–20 centuries on the example of creativity of A.M. Gorky in the context of the works by A.P. Chekhov, I.A. Bunin, A.N. Tolstoy. It is shown the difference between the semiotics of the open window in the context of the estate and dacha topos: in the first case, it is a sign of homogeneity of the window and the inner window ideal space, in the second — there is a range of values of “threshold”, which are reduced to the pragmatics of the development of the external world and to the experience of danger, coming from it, on the one hand, and to the manifestation of the mediocrity of human existence — on the other. Moreover, the image of dacha in Gorky’s dramaturgy of the turn of the 19–20 centuries often lack such detail as an open window, which clearly indicates the alien nature of the surrounding space. Between the outside world and the inside of the house there is a buffer space of a covered terrace, a specific architectural detail of the turn of the 19–20 centuries, so that they constitute one communal rotation of hostile elements to each other. This negative uniformity is fundamentally different from the estate, where the open window meant interpenetration and mutual enrichment of beneficial and life-giving forces of nature and culture. In the play “Enemies”, by comparing the peasants with the workers in their attitude to the owners of the estate, is clearly shown the dynamics of the estate-dacha topos, marked by the variability of the chronotope of the window. So, the intelligent dacha is not just besieged by the hostile world, but lives under the constant threat of attack and destruction, while the estate house is ideally opened to the nearby space. Chronotopes of “blind”, closed and transparent, open windows just point to the marked difference between both toposes.
The Novel of M. Gorky “Mother” in Literary Criticism
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Egorova Yulia M.
Published: March 2023

Gorky’s novel “Mother” became, perhaps, one of the most discussed by literary criticism writer’s works. Since the first publication till the present, reviews on it are polar opposite. Some critics have seen and continue to view “Mother” only as an “encyclopedia of the revolutionary struggle”, they considered and consider it a complete failure and decline of Gorky-artist, they call the story “the first product of socialist realism”, devoid of any artistic appeal, which carries exclusively political and revolutionary orientation. The reason for this long discussion was given by V.I. Lenin, calling the novel “a necessary and very timely book”. Others, on the contrary, see Gorky’s innovation in the story, which is that he gives the idea of seeking God in Russian literature a different coloring and finds a different solution: he sees the “New God” renewing life and giving a person a revival in socialism that has become his «new religion». This group of critics and researchers believes that the period of “God-building” in Gorky’s creation began with the novel “Mother”.
The Life of Klim Samgin and the Literary Process in Europe in the First Half of the 20th Century
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nikitin Evgeniy N.
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the report is to show what place among the outstanding works of European literature of the 20th century is The Life of Klim Samgin, as Gorky came to the creation of this large-scale work, what tools he used. During the work, we have used the historical-comparative method. The Life of Klim Samgin is associated with the works of M. Proust, J. Joyce, I. Svevo, T. Mann, R. Musil. Leading European writers who are familiar with the work of each other, adopting the methods of literary work. There was another point: each of these writers reflect in their works what is called “Zeitgeist”. So there was a literary roll call. Conclusion: The Life of Klim Samgin is one of the pinnacles of European literature of the first half of the 20th century, is pretty much the same as the cycle of novels In Search of Lost Time, like Ulysses, Zeno’s Conscience, The Magic Mountain, and The Person without Properties.
Gorky in Poland: Stages of Reception
Authors:   University of Warsaw, Krycka-Michnowska Iwona
Published: March 2023

Maxim Gorky’s person has become a legend already during the writer’s life, and his perception has been ideologized both in Russia and abroad. This is evidenced by the analysis carried out in the article reception Gorky’s literary work in Poland, the most important stages of which were determined by the changing political situation. The reception has changed substantially: from the spontaneous popularity of the Russian writer at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries through ambivalence in the interwar period, forced apotheosis after World War II to marginalization after 1989 and reinterpretation attempts in recent times. As the analysis shows, a significant part of Gorky’s plays have survived the difficult test of time. These literary works, for many directors and spectators, are a carrier of universal values, and the author is considered a classic of Russian dramaturgy.
Soviet Book Graphics from the Fund of the Gorky Museum in Moscow as the Artistic and Stylistic Basis of Exhibition Projects
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Merkovskaya Marina A.
Published: March 2023

On the eve of the 100th anniversary of the October Revolution the Gorky Museum faced the challenge of formalizing an exhibition related to this jubilee theme. Undoubtedly, the mythological theme “Gorky — Petrel of the Revolution” has long been rooted in the public consciousness, therefore, when searching for the main artistic concept of the exhibition, the main principles were formulated-based on art collections from the museum’s funds, to present materials not in the traditional historical and documentary manner, but in addition this, and in artistic-figurative.
The Story of One Portrait from the Art Collection of A.M. Gorky Memorial Apartment-Museum
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Davydova Irina I.
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to the one of the most contradictory and controversial portraits of A.M. Gorky who in 1927 set to the Dutch self-taught artist Christian Victor Kragballe Haagen-Müller (1894–1959). It became clear from letter of the artist’s wife that in 1927 her husband and she came to Italy for the purpose of painting a portrait of the proletarian writer, the Revolution Stormy Petrel, and at the day of the writer’s 60th anniversary two identical color lithographs of its sketches were presented to A.M. Gorky. “Many people made my portraits all of which were not good”, — the writer shared his impressions with P.D. Korin, as if remembering his short-term acquaintance with the Dutch artist. Gorky’s appraisal of Haagen-Müller’s work became an axiomatic quotation: “The explanations on the subject why Gorky became so pale are to be required from the artist!” — and implies the evident rejection of the artistic interpretation of the writer’s image. Which circumstances brought to such peremptory comments of the portrait? Was it inactivity, apathy and restraint of A.M. Gorky, even in the portrait space, still implying him, the literary and public isolation provoked by the fascists? Or was it the influence of the fashionable tendencies in painting like cubism which caused the persistent rejection of the realist writer? Or maybe, the proletarian writer understood the portrait as a political contract, since the fascism rapidly conquering the world with its breaking of the usual human reality, was denounced by the writer as “the denial of the culture and the sermon of the war”?
The role of good university governance for transformation towards the entrepreneurial university
Authors: Daniri Mas Achmad , Wahyudi Sugeng , Pangestuti Irene Rini Demi , Hersugondo Hersugondo
Published: March 2023

Governance has been widely discussed by scientists and practitioners. There have been many opinions about the concept of good governance, especially good university governance (GUG) for higher education. Governments should act according to all the criteria of good governance (de Vries, 2013). The purpose of this study is to figure out how the implementation of GUG affects the performance of the university. The study applies combine qualitative and quantitative research methods by using structured questionnaires. GUG has not become a culture, as a result, universities are unable to provide the manpower needed by industry. The university needs to reconsider its mission, not only as a social and educational function but also as an entrepreneurial one, by developing strategies and programs and involving stakeholders. The level of trust of the stakeholders will be determined by how well GUG in the university is implemented. The first step to becoming entrepreneurial universities is to change them from education universities to research ones. This can be interpreted that every university has the same view of the importance of implementing GUG. The implementation of GUG is a sign of gaining the university’s success.
Teleconnection between the reproductive parameters of the bearded vulture and macroclimatic oscillations. Implications for conservation.
Authors: Ramírez Inmaculada Navarro , Real Raimundo , Muñoz Antonio Román , González José , Aguilar Miguel Ángel Farfán
Published: March 2023

The bearded vulture (Gypaetus barbatus) is a bird of prey belonging to
the group of vultures. Although in the past it occupied mountain systems
in Asia, Europe and Africa, and its distribution in the Iberian
Peninsula was widely distributed, its current distribution in Spain is
limited to very specific mountain ranges, including the Aragonese
Pyrenees. The decline of the Iberian population is supposed to be linked
to factors acting at a microscale level as the use of poisons, illegal
hunting, human activity and the decrease in intensive livestock farming.
There are, however, other factors acting on a biogeographical scale that
may also be affecting the viability of populations that are not
currently being considered. The aim of this study is to determine on a
large scale the effect that environmental conditions may have on the
temporal oscillations of the reproductive parameters of the bearded
vulture. For this purpose, the breeding population in the Aragones
Pyrenees has been used as the study population. We tested the degree to
which each of 26 macroclimatic oscillation indices were teleconnected
with three reproductive parameters (hatching rate, fledge rate and
productivity). Two indices (the Tropical Northern Atlantic Index, and
the East Atlantic/West Russia Pattern) were temporally correlated with
the reproductive parameters of the bearbed vulture. The results are
expected to provide novel information in the field of bearded vulture
conservation, as there are no previous studies that address this issue
from a biogeographical perspective. The results could have important
implications for the management and conservation of the species and its
successful reintroduction in other territories.
Proteomics guided study of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the development of consolidated bioprocessing chasses
Authors: Goldbeck Rosana , Martins Manoela , Lopes Alberto M. M. , Eng Thomas , Chen Yan , Gin Jennifer W. , Petzold Christopher , Mukopadhyay Aindrila , Winck Flávia V.
Published: March 2023

New approaches to increase productivity and reduce costs may improve the
use of lignocellulosic biomass in biorefineries, benefiting the biobased
economy and reducing political and environmental instabilities from
fossil sources. The deletion of MNN10 and PMT5 genes,
related to N- and O-mannosylation processes, in Saccharomyces
cerevisiae BY4742 was performed by CRISPR/Cas9 to evaluate the effects
on the enzymatic activity of a heterologous laccase. Next, the mutant
with the higher laccase activity, mnn10Δ, in concert with
expression of lignocellulolytic enzymes ( GH74 endoglucanase,
GH3 β-glucosidase) integrated in the Ty1 locus was used to
create a strain for a consolidated bioprocess. Proteomic analysis showed
that several proteins related to the synthesis of the cell wall, vesicle
formation, protein trafficking, and glycosylation had changes in
expression levels after deletion of the MNN10. This mutant strain
also showed increased extracellular activities of recombinant CAZYmes,
which could be a result of changes in N- and O-glycosylation or
extracellular secretion. Active heterologous enzymes can be expressed
from genes integrated into the Ty1 locus (transposon) of such
industrial and laboratory S. cerevisiae chassis and provides a
promising approach for the development of consolidated bioprocessing.
Ultrafast Laser-induced excellent thermoelectric performance of PEDOT:PSS Films
Authors: Wang Xuewen , Feng Yuzhe , Sun Kaili , Chai Nianyao , Mai Bo , Li Sheng , Chen Xiangyu , Zhao Wenyu , Zhang Qingjie
Published: March 2023

Due to poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate)
(PEDOT:PSS) is water-processable, thermally stable and highly
conductive, PEDOT:PSS and its composites have been considered to be one
of the most promising flexible thermoelectric materials. However, the
PEDOT:PSS film prepared from its commercial aqueous dispersion usually
has quite low conductivity, thus cannot be directly utilized for
thermoelectric applications. Here, a simple environmentally friendly
strategy via femtosecond laser irradiation without any chemical dopants
and treatments was demonstrated. Under optimal conditions, the
electrical conductivity of the treated film is increased to 803.1 S/cm
from 1.2 S/cm around three order of magnitude higher, and the power
factor is improved to 19.0
μW·m·K, which is enhanced more
than 200 times. The mechanism for such remarkable enhancement was
attributed to the transition of the PEDOT chains from a coil to a linear
or expanded coil conformation, reduction of the interplanar stacking
distance, and the removal of insulating PSS with increasing the
oxidation level of PEDOT, facilitating the charge transportation. This
work presents an effective route for fabricating high-performance
flexible conductive polymer films and wearable thermoelectric devices.
Temporal beta-diversity patterns are highly dependent on fundamental parameters of neutral dynamics
Authors: Nakadai Ryosuke
Published: March 2023

Temporal changes in community composition are a facet of biodiversity
change and are referred to as temporal beta diversity. Macroecological
patterns of temporal beta diversity have gained attention because of the
recent biodiversity crisis. However, no one has seriously studied how
temporal beta diversity differs from spatial beta diversity, and the
most basic neutral dynamics and temporal beta-diversity patterns remain
unknown. Therefore, the present study aimed to reveal the basic
properties of temporal beta-diversity patterns under neutral dynamics
and identify their differences from those of spatial beta-diversity
patterns. A simulation of neutral dynamics was conducted to test the
parameter dependency of temporal beta-diversity patterns. Specifically,
four fundamental parameters of the neutral model—the fundamental
biodiversity number, local community size, mortality rate, and
immigration rate—were studied. To describe the form of the simulated
temporal distance-decay patterns based on both the Bray–Curtis and
Sørensen dissimilarity indices, a three-parameter negative exponential
function was fitted for each simulated dissimilarity matrix. The
negative exponential function was successfully fitted to all the
simulated results and three estimated parameters and the intercepts of
the function were plotted along the change in the four parameters of the
neutral model. The simulated results demonstrated that upper limits
exist in the temporal distance-decay patterns; thus, the temporal
distance-decay curves saturate before reaching a completely dissimilar
state. Additionally, the form of the curve strongly depends on the four
parameters of the neutral model. These results suggest that the
relationship between local communities and virtual species pools differs
in temporal and spatial beta diversity. Specifically, they suggest that
the species pool is spatially variable but temporally constant.
New Urban Power Grid Dispatching Architecture and Key Technologies
Authors: Zhang Rui , Yu Jilai
Published: March 2023

Under the dual-carbon goal, the operation environment and form of the
urban power grid have new characteristics, and the urban power grid will
be transformed into a new urban power grid (NUPG), which puts forward
higher requirements for flexibility. It is urgent to establish a
flexible dispatching system to meet the operation of the NUPG. This
paper first introduces the eight major new operation characteristics and
challenges of the NUPG. Secondly, a flexible dispatching architecture
with the load as the main body is constructed, and the types of
dispatching objects, dispatching means and media, and internal and
external dispatching tasks are introduced. On this basis, four basic
dispatching key technologies of the NUPG are pointed out: load response
capacity assessment and distribution technology, load reserve
configuration and power plan formulation technology, load participation
in power grid frequency regulation/peak shaving/voltage regulation
technology, and internal and external fault handling technology based on
load resources. Finally, the effectiveness of the NUPG dispatching
architecture and key technologies is verified by simulation analysis of
the IEEE39-bus system and the actual power grid in East China.
Nrf2 attenuates methamphetamine-induced myocardial injury by regulating oxidative stress and apoptosis in mice
Authors: Yu Hao , Peng Yanxia , Dong Wenjuan , Shen Baoyu , Yang Genmeng , Nie Qianyun , Song Chunhui , Chen Binzheng , Qin Lixiang , Tian Yan , Zhao Yongna , Li Lihua , Hong Shijun
Published: March 2023

Objectives: We aimed to clarify the effects of methamphetamine (MA) on
myocardial injury, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in myocardial cells
and to explore the potential mechanism of nuclear factor-erythroid
factor 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in MA-induced oxidative stress and
apoptosis. Methods: An acute mice cardiac toxicity model of MA was
established by intraperitoneal injection of MA (2 mg/kg) for 5 days.
Nrf2 activation (by sulforaphane (SFN)) and Nrf2 gene knockout were
performed to explore the regulatory effects of Nrf2 on cardiac toxicity.
Results: The protein expression levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 were increased,
suggesting that MA activated the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. In the MA group,
cardiac troponin I (cTnI) protein expression increased. Malondialdehyde
(MDA) content increased, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity decreased.
Protein expression levels of Caspase-3 and Bax increased, and protein
expression levels of Bcl-2 decreased. These changes were reversed by
activation of Nrf2 but became more pronounced after Nrf2 knockout,
suggesting that the activation and knockout of Nrf2 attenuated and
aggravated MA-induced myocardial injury, oxidative stress and apoptosis
in myocardial cells, respectively. Conclusions: MA administration
induced myocardial injury, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in mice. Nrf2
attenuated MA-induced myocardial injury by regulating oxidative stress
and apoptosis, thus playing a protective role.
Adsorption of Tannase from Aspergillus ficuum to carboxyl-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes
Authors: Alias Matthew , Ong Chong-Boon , Mohamad Annuar
Published: March 2023

The immobilization of cross-linked tannase onto carboxyl-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT-COOH) was achieved via physical adsorption. Glutaraldehyde was used to cross-link the enzyme molecules. Spectroscopic and morphological characterizations of the enzyme-nanotubes composite were carried out, which authenticated the successful adsorption event. Enzyme composite is proven equal to, or even superior than free tannase, in terms of catalytic activities and stabilities, when measured under different thermal, pH and recycling conditions. Whilst both free and immobilized tannase preparations exhibited optimum catalysis at pH 5.0 and 35?C, tannase-nanotubes composite possesses better thermal stability. The immobilized preparation retained 75 % of its initial catalytic activity following ten consecutive uses. The study demonstrated a facile method to produce catalytically efficient nanobiocatalyst composite for biotechnological applications.
Right-sided heart failure as a first presentation of portopulmonary hypertension
Authors: Vulin Aleksandra , Popov Iva , Stefanovic Maja , Zivkov-Saponja Dragoslava , Stojsic-Milosavljevic Anastazija
Published: March 2023

Introduction. Pulmonary artery hypertension and right ventricular failure are potentially fatal complications that can develop in patients with portal hypertension. The objective of this case report was to report a patient with end-stage liver disease, and portal and pulmonary artery hypertension and right heart failure. Case outline. A 57-year-old man was admitted to the Cardiology Department of a tertiary referral hospital due to signs of right-sided heart failure, ascites, pleural effusions, and pretibial edema. The patient had the history of alcohol abuse, arterial hypertension, and gout. Just prior to the admission, abdominal ultrasound revealed granular liver structure, as well as ascites. Laboratory tests showed microcytic anemia, values of transaminases below referent, hypoalbuminemia, low creatinine clearance. Echocardiography revealed pulmonary hypertension, and right ventricle failure. Right heart catheterization unraveled precapillary pulmonary hypertension, but thoracic CT scan and thoracocentesis excluded underlying pulmonary illness. Treatment continued at the Gastroenterology Department of the tertiary hospital. Abdominal CT scan diagnosed cirrhotic liver, and signs of portal hypertension. The patient was treated with symptomatic therapy, but developed acute-on-chronic renal failure and eventually died. Conclusion. Multidisciplinary approach is very important to distinguish portopulmonary hypertension early in the course of liver disease, because evolution of right sided heart failure precludes these patients from adequate lifesaving therapy.
Tirzepatide: A Novel Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide/Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonist for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes: The First Twincretin
Authors: Fanshier Alexis V. , Crews Brianne K. , Garrett Madison C. , Johnson Jeremy L.
Published: March 2023

Tirzepatide is a dual-action glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide/glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist and the first drug in a new class known as twincretins. It is similar to GLP-1 receptor agonists but provides a synergistic enhancement of the incretin effect to control blood glucose levels and reduce weight. Across the SURPASS research program trials, tirzepatide lowered A1C by 1.7–2.4% from baseline. The proportion of patients using tirzepatide who achieved an A1C <7% ranged from 91 to 97%. Patients in the treatment groups averaged a weight loss of 5.44–11.34 kg (12–25 lb). Across all trials, patients on tirzepatide 15 mg lost 8.8–12.9 kg (19.4–28.44 lb) or 9.17–13.7% body weight. In the SURMOUNT-1 trial, maximum weight loss was 23.6 kg (52 lb) or 22.5% body weight. Tirzepatide is a potent new weapon in the arsenal against diabetes.
Interaction between dietary iron intake and genetically determined iron overload: risk of islet autoimmunity and progression to type 1 diabetes in the TEDDY study
Authors: Thorsen Steffen U. , Liu Xiang , Kataria Yachana , Mandrup-Poulsen Thomas , Kaur Simranjeet , Uusitalo Ulla , Virtanen Suvi M. , M. Norris Jill , Rewers Marian , Hagopian William , Yang Jimin , She Jin-Xiong , Akolkar Beena , Rich Stephen , Aronsson Carin Andrén , Lernmark Åke , Ziegler Anette-Gabriele , Toppari Jorma , Krischer Jeffrey , Parikh Hemang M. , Ellervik Christina , Svensson Jannet , Group the TEDDY Study
Published: March 2023

  

Objective

To examine if iron intake and genetically determined iron overload interact in predisposing to the development of childhood islet autoimmunity (IA) and type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Research Design and Methods

In “The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young” (TEDDY) study, 7,770 genetically high-risk children were followed from birth until the development of IA and progression to T1D. Exposures included energy-adjusted iron intake in the first 3 years of life and a genetic risk score (GRS) for increased circulating iron. 

Results

We found a U-shaped association between iron intake and risk of GADA as first autoantibody. In subjects with GRS>=2 iron risk alleles, high iron intake was associated with increased risk of IA with insulin as first autoantibody [adjusted hazard ratio (HR, 95% CI): 1.71 (1.14; 2.58), as compared to moderate iron intake. 

Conclusions

Iron intake may alter the risk of islet autoimmunity in children with high-risk HLA haplogenotypes. 
Incidence of LADA and type 2 diabetes in relation to tobacco use and genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetes and related traits: findings from a Swedish case-control study and the Norwegian HUNT Study
Authors: Edstorp Jessica , Ahlqvist Emma , Alfredsson Lars , Aly Dina Mansour , Grill Valdemar , Rasouli Bahareh , Sørgjerd Elin P , Tuomi Tiinamaija , Åsvold Bjørn O. , Carlsson Sofia
Published: March 2023

  

Objective 

Smoking and Swedish smokeless tobacco (snus) are associated with latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Our aim was to investigate whether genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance (IR) and insulin secretion (IS) aggravate these associations.

Research design and methods

We used data from two population-based Scandinavian studies with incident cases of LADA (n=839) and type 2 diabetes (n=5771), matched controls (n=3068) and 1,696,503 person-years at risk. Pooled, multivariate relative risks (RR) with 95% CI were estimated for smoking/ genetic risk scores (T2D-GRS, IS-GRS and IR-GRS), and odds ratios (OR) for snus or tobacco/GRS (case-control data). We estimated additive (proportion attributable to interaction [AP]) and multiplicative interaction between tobacco use and GRSs. 

Results

The RR of LADA was elevated in high IR-GRS heavy smokers (≥15 pack-years; RR 2.01 [CI 1.30, 3.10]) and tobacco users (≥15 box/pack-years; RR 2.59 [CI 1.54, 4.35]) compared to low IR-GRS individuals without heavy use, with evidence of additive (AP 0.67 [CI 0.46, 0.89]; AP 0.52 [CI 0.21, 0.83]) and multiplicative (p 0.003; p 0.034) interaction. In heavy users, there was additive interaction between T2D-GRS and smoking, snus and total tobacco use. The excess risk conferred by tobacco use did not differ across GRS categories in type 2 diabetes. 

Conclusion

Tobacco use may confer a higher risk of LADA in individuals with genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance, whereas genetic susceptibility does not seem to influence the increased type 2 diabetes incidence associated with tobacco use. 
Penggunaan teknik akrostik dalam pembelajaran menulis puisi di SMP
Authors:   Universitas Jambi, Indonesia, Aisyah Siti , D Yusra ,   Universitas Jambi, Indonesia, Rahmawati Rahmawati ,   Universitas Jambi, Indonesia
Published: March 2023

This research was conducted to describe the effectiveness of the use of the acrostic technique in teaching poetry writing at MTS Labor UIN STS Jambi. Issues in poetry writing at MTS Labor UIN STS Jambi can still be found, one of which is that students are not interested in writing poetry because it is difficult to determine the next word in writing poetry. The acrostic technique is a technique that makes it easier to write poetry. The method used was a quantitative type of quasi-experiment design with a one group pretest-posttest setting. Data analysis techniques used inferential statistics in the form of a t-test, preceded by a Homogeneity Test and a Normality Test. The results of the research showed a significant difference between the pretest and posttest results of students' poetry writing, where the significance value of the t-test obtained was 0.00, which was less than 0.05. This proves that the acrostic technique is effective in teaching poetry writing. Student difficulties in composing poetry can be overcome by using the acrostic technique. This research is limited by a short time. So it is hoped that future research can cnduct research with a longer time and combined with other learning models or approaches. Keywords: Effectiveness, Acrostic technique, poetry
Incidence of dwarf disease and yield on Inpari 32 over two sequential seasons in Klaten, Central Java
Authors: Febrianto Sudi , Sulandari Sri , Somowiyarjo Susamto
Published: March 2023

Rice dwarf disease caused by Rice grassy stunt virus (RGSV) and Rice ragged stunt virus (RRSV) is frequently found in Indonesia. This disease is transmitted by brown planthopper/BPH (Nilaparvata lugens Stål). The infected plants become dwarfs and lead to reduced yields. The purpose of this study is to determine the number of BPH populations due to the occurrences of dwarf disease and yield on Inpari 32 rice over two sequential planting seasons in Klaten, Central Java. The observed parameters were dwarf disease symptoms, incidence and intensity of the disease, BPH population and its natural enemy, the vegetative growth, and yields. The analysis used in this study were descriptive analysis and linear regression. The results showed that, plant growth during the dry season was better than the rainy season based on plant height and tiller number. The average population of BPH in the dry season were 0.2–4 individual/hill which is lower than in the rainy season (0.43–4.4 individual/hill). The incidence and intensity of disease in the dry season were lower than rainy season. The higher incidence and intensity of rice dwarf disease in the rainy season caused a decrease in dry harvest yields and milled dry yields were 10.95% and 10.81%, respectively
The Effect of Addition Multi Nutrients Sauce Supplement in Ration on the Consumption of Ration, the Average Daily Gain, and the Conversion of Ration of Rambon Goats
Authors: Juandita Karina Natasya , Erwanto Erwanto , Husni Ali , Qisthon Arif
Published: March 2023

This research aims to study the effect of addition Multi Nutrients Sauce (MNS) supplement in the ration on consumption of ration, the average daily gain (ADG), and conversion of ration of Rambon goats. The research was conducted for 60 days at the farmer of Adi Luwih Hamlet, Adi Jaya Village, TerbanggiBesar District, Central Lampung Regency, Lampung Province. The research was conducted experimentally using the Randomized Block Design method.  Twelve male Rambon goats were grouped into four based on body weight and given three treatments, namely P0 (100% farmer ration), P1 (P0 + 5% MNS), and P2 (P0 + 10% MNS). The data obtained were analyzed for variance and further test of Least Significant Difference (LSD). The results showed that the addition of MNS 5% and 10% in the ration could increase the ration consumption and ADG of Rambon goats (P<0.05), otherwisw, it did not affect the conversion of ration in all treatments (P>0.05).  The ADG and conversion of ration did not different between 5% and 10% MNS, but the ration consumption of 5% MNS was lower than 10% MNS (P<0.05). It was concluded that the addition of 5% MNS could increase body weight gain, but has not been able to increase the efficiency of the ration
Optimum Combination of Food Crops and Livestock Farms as a Strategy to Maximize Farmers' Income in Kupang Regency– Indonesia
Authors: Lalus Matheos Filipus , Krova Maria , Ratu Maria Rosdiana Deno
Published: March 2023

Dry land farming in Kupang Regency consists of a combination of food crops farming and horticulture like corn, rice, beans and tubers with livestock such as cattle, pigs, goats and local chickens. Those farms were carried out in a traditional combination heritantly using simple technology and subsistence. The research purpose were to analyze the combination of various types of crops cultivated and types of livestock raised by the farmers in order to achieve maximum income and to analyze the contribution of various types of food crops and horticulture and types of livestock to increase the farmers’ income. The data were analyzed by applying a simplex algorithm approach. The results showed that the optimum combination of resources that generate maximum income was IDR 47,646,888.86. Contributions of various farms were as follow: food crops and horticulture including rice (X1) of  IDR 2,115,984.17; corn (X2) of  IDR. 754.840.28; peanuts (X3) of  IDR 184,970.33; and sweet potatoes (X4) of IDR 1,432,994.17. Then, the contribution of livestock likes : cattle (X5) reached at IDR 2,689,130.43; goats (X6) at IDR 1,098,571.43; pigs (X7) IDR 58,851.35 and chickens (X8) IDR 293.310.81; and off-farm activities (X9) at IDR 262,458.3
Effect of Giving Turmeric Rhizome and Teak Leaves Combination on Egg Quality and Productivity of Laying Hens
Authors: Harlita Harlita , Solikhah Inayatu
Published: March 2023

This research was conducted to study the effect of feeding additives in the form of a combination of turmeric rhizome (Curcuma longa) and teak leaf (Tectona grandis) on egg quality and productivity of laying hens. The method used in this research is an experimental method with a completely Randomized Design (CRD). The study used one control group (P0) and three treatment groups. The treatment group was given feed additives in drinking water in the form of a combination of turmeric rhizome and teak leaves at intervals of once a day (P1), once every two days (P2), and once every four days (P3). The study was conducted on light-type laying hens aged about 72 weeks for 28 days. The data was obtained in the form of size and weight of eggs and egg production. Data on the size and weight of eggs were obtained by measuring the circumference and weight of the eggs, while data on egg productivity was obtained by calculating the number of chicken eggs produced each day. Data analysis with One Way Anova using SPSS 23 program. The results showed that egg quality was not significantly different but the provision of feed additives at intervals of once a day resulted in the highest average egg size and egg production.
Effects of L-Carnitine and Fish Oil Supplementations in the Diet to Digestibility of Crude Fat, Fiber, and Feed Conversion in Native Chicken
Authors: Sudibya Sudibya , Handayani Septi , Yunendra Putri Purba , Sukaryo Sukaryo
Published: March 2023

The aim of this study was to find out the effect of L-carnitine and fish oils on crude fat and fiber digestibilities, and feed conversion in native chicken. This study used 100 Kampung chickens aged 20 weeks. Feed treatments were divided into four groups consisted of basal diet, basal diet supplemented by L-carnitine, basal diet supplemented by L-carnitine and Tuna fish oil, and basal diet supplemented by L-carnitine and Lemuru fish oil. The data observed in this study were crude fat consumption and digestibility, crude fiber consumption and digestibility, feed consumption, and feed conversion ratio (FCR). Those data were analyzed using analysis of variance and an orthogonal contrast test was applied to distinguish among groups. Statistical analysis showed that highly significant effects of L-carnitine and fish oils supplementation on crude fat and fiber consumptions, and crude fat digestibility were found in this study (P<0.01). Moreover, L-carnitine and fish oils supplementation in the diet significantly affected crude fiber digestibility, feed consumption, and FCR (P<0.05). In conclusion, supplementation of Tuna and Lemuru fish oils until 4% containing 30 ppm L-carnitine improved crude fat consumption, digestibilities of crude fat and fiber, and decreased crude fiber digestibility, feed consumption, and FCR.
Review of the Competence of Translation and Interpreting
Authors: You Siqi , Lu Chao
Published: March 2023

This paper reviews the relevant aspects of building translation and interpretation capacity for Masters of Translation and Interpreting (MTI) in China. It clarifies the distinction between linguistic competence and translation competence. Moreover, this review also indicates three dimensional aptitudes of qualified interpreters. Finally, it offers suggestions to improve the training and cultivation of MTI in China.
Komitmen Afektif Manajemen dalam Implementasi Sistem Pengukuran Kinerja
Authors: Salsabila Delia , Yusuf Ningrum Fauziah
Published: March 2023

Indications that prove a public organization’s growth can be seen from how effective their services can be. Hence there are performance systems and performance measures to see one of the factors behind the effectiveness of such public service. And as application, the performance measurement for the public organization is done to increase the motivation of the organization's management that does not focus only on its output but the relevance of outcomes that can increase the value of public satisfaction of service accessibility. While many factors affect the implementation of performance measurements, one must be considered is affective commitment of management. Where in this case management is encouraged to continue to make improvements and changes in organizations. Researchers are taking a case study of one government agency of fisheries and east Java province, looking into some of the obstacles based on theory of constraints and how a perctive commitment looks for solutions.
Penerapan Sistem Informasi E-Raport pada Sekolah di Kota Tangerang
Authors: Aprilianti Baby Novega , Rhahmadiahti Faysa Permata , Setianingrum Bella Eka , Pradana Indah Agustin , Wulandari Yayuk , Kurniawan Irvan Arif
Published: March 2023

Currently information technology has experienced rapid development so that information can be accessed quickly. One of the applications of technology in education today is the existence of an internet-based information system for report card grades or what we usually know as online report cards. This has changed the pattern of society in various aspects, especially the world of education. The e-Raport system is used as an information system designed by schools to inform parents of student progress, which has been implemented in almost all schools in Tangerang City. For example, SMPN 8 Tangerang City is one of the public schools in Tangerang City which uses the e-Raport System as a substitute for manual student learning outcomes reports. The problems raised were the teacher's lack of understanding in accessing e-reports when inputting grades and the lack of understanding of parents in accessing e-reports to see children's development. This research is a literature study that aims to collect information related to the use of online report card information systems implemented by several schools, the results obtained from this literature study are that the online report card system makes it easy for educators to process student value data that can be accessed both by students and parents.
Kebijakan Pemerintah Daerah untuk Mengembangkan Industri Kreatif (Studi pada Industri Kecil Menengah di Bali)
Authors: Krisna Andy , Izzatusholekha Izzatusholekha , Samudra Azhari Aziz , Purnama Randi
Published: March 2023

Bali is an area that has traditional weaving crafts and still survives amid the globalization of textiles. This study describes the implementation of the policy of using traditional woven fabrics in encouraging the development of small and medium weaving industries (IKM) in Bali. The research was conducted with a qualitative approach. Data is collected through literature review, documents, and observation. Research through literature study utilizes online media, statistical data, books, articles in journals, government websites, and trusted online media. The implementation of the policy on the use of traditional Balinese woven or endek fabrics has gone according to the government's expectations, in the form of purchasing woven products, training for new woven craftsmen, providing looms, and establishing weaving centers. However, there are still a number of obstacles to be faced, namely in the upstream section, the availability of raw materials still relies on outside Bali. Generations of craftsmen who are still lacking to meet the sudden market demand.
Pelaksanaan Peran Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Kota Payakumbuh dalam Pengendalian Pencemaran Air Sungai Batang Agam Kota Payakumbuh
Authors: Aulia Cikasimi Wulan , Jumiati Jumiati
Published: March 2023

This research purposes to reveal the roles implementation, obstacles and efforts of the Payakumbuh City Environmental Service in controlling water pollution in the Batang Agam river, Payakumbuh City. This research used a method of descriptive qualitative and determined the research informants using purposive sampling. The researcher uses source triangulation techniques and technical triangulation which will then be analyzed. Based on the findings in the field, the researchers found that the Payakumbuh City Environment Service had facilitated, educated, interacted and coordinated, as well as carried out various technical activities in carrying out roles in controlling river water pollution in the Batang Agam Payakumbuh City. In the implementation of these activities found internal obstacles and external obstacles. The Payakumbuh City Environmental Service has made efforts to overcome these obstacles.