bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Isentropic and exergy analyses of marine steam turbine segments at several loads
Authors: Poljak Igor , Mrzljak Vedran , Senčić Tomislav , Pastorčić Darko
Published: July 2024

This research presents isentropic and exergy analyses of marine steam turbine segments at three loads. Turbine segment is a part of any cylinder which is placed between the steam entrance to the cylinder and first steam extraction, between steam extractions and finally between last steam extraction and steam exit from the cylinder. Division of each cylinder to the segments allows insight into the various cylinder parts operation and an observation is the cylinder properly balanced. The analyzed marine steam turbine is composed of two cylinders – High Pressure Cylinder (HPC) and Low Pressure Cylinder (LPC), while each cylinder has two segments. The dominant part of real mechanical power produced in HPC is actually produced in the first HPC part (segment 1), while in LPC, the dominant part of real mechanical power is produced in the last LPC part (segment 4). Segments 1 and 3 have the highest improvement potential (inlet segments of both HPC and LPC) due to the highest isentropic losses and exergy destructions. HPC is much better balanced cylinder because along with isentropic, also exergy efficiencies between its segments (segment 1 and segment 2) at all loads differ lower than 7%, while the same cannot be stated for the LPC which exergy efficiencies between segments (segment 3 and segment 4) at all loads differ more than 20%. Very low isentropic and exergy efficiencies of the segment 3, at all observed loads, indicate that this turbine segment is highly problematic and at least some of the turbine stages mounted in this segment have difficulties in operation or potential malfunction. In addition, segment 3 is also the highest influenced by the ambient temperature change in comparison to other segments. The ambient temperature increase from 5 °C up to 45 °C can decrease segment exergy efficiency between 1.31% and 3.17%, if all the segments and all loads of the analyzed marine steam turbine are observed.
A Review of Tunable Inductors for Power Electronics: Techniques and Applications
Authors: A. Azim Raheem Elsayed
Published: July 2024

Magnetic components are recently being researched and believed to be a main source of losses, and increasing the weight of power converters, which has become a real challenge for designers. Controlled magnetics for power electronic applications is a promising but still-evolving technology that started to gain momentum as it enabled circuit designers to achieve greater optimization in terms of cost, losses, and size during the design stages of different power converters. In this paper, a comprehensive review is carried out on practical tunable magnetic technologies that may turn out to be a viable solution and find their usage in power electronic applications. In addition, several techniques that can be used in the realization of controlled magnetic components, including but not limited to current-controlled magnetics, voltage-controlled magnetics, and self-regulated magnetics, are being investigated to define the merits and drawbacks of each technology for potential future usage. This article is mainly focused on controlled power inductors for various power electronic applications, and its main goal is to assist designers in selecting the suitable technology for their applications.
PLOD: Predictive Learning Optimal Data Discovery
Authors: Hoang Thomas
Published: July 2024

Inspired by the BOD: Blindly Optimal DataDiscovery method [Hoang(2024)], our algorithm inheritsthe benefits of its predecessor, which addresses thechallenge of an unknown utility function and integrates human input for attribute ranking just once,thus avoiding the repetitive and time-consuming loopprocess. Additionally, our machine learning approachpredicts the desired utility function from the data moreaccurately than BOD. Furthermore, existing methodssuch as [Galhotra et al.(2023)] require precise knowledgeof the utility function, which is not ideal. In contrast, ourPLOD algorithm successfully predicts outcomes basedon the data without needing the exact utility function,highlighting the potential of PLOD: Predictive LearningOptimal Data Discovery in contemporary data scienceand analytics.
A Strengths-Based Understanding of the Play of Autistic Children
Authors: O'Keeffe Christina , McNally Sinead
Published: July 2024

Play is a central feature of childhood and a fundamental right of all children. Currently, our understanding of autistic play is based on a deficit perspective, most often framed in comparison to neurotypical “norms” and assumptions where the views of the players themselves have been overlooked. In moving towards a strengths-based neuroaffirmative understanding of autistic play, this study consulted with 19 autistic children (aged 5-13 years) using a series of semi-structured interviews and a range of creative and participatory methods. Reflexive thematic analysis generated eight themes where children conceptualised play as involving: 1) toys and materials; 2) creativity and imagination; 3) social connection; 4) outdoors and nature; 5) sensory stimulation; 6) physical activity; 7) autonomy and agency and; 8) affective, inward dimensions. These findings challenge longstanding deficit-oriented assumptions that have persisted throughout the literature for decades and have implications for future programmes of research, theory and practice, in particular on the importance of providing and facilitating authentic play experiences for autistic children in education and care contexts.
Tempting tastes in focus: A picture set of high-fat/high-carbohydrate foods for the population of Finland (FinnFoodPics)
Authors: Kanyamibwa Arsene , Hartmann Hendrik , Fängström Daniel , Vikatmaa William , Pocan Beyza , Perszyk Emily E , Davis Xue S , Nikitin Artemii , Wikman Patrik , Pellinen Tiina M , Kaartinen Niina E , Schwab Ursula , Horstmann Annette
Published: July 2024

Background: Modern food items often contain high proportions of saturated fats and refined carbohydrates. Such dietary compositions contribute to the prevalence of obesity and metabolic disease. Food images are a valuable tool to study these diet effects on eating behavior and obesity development. Aims: Creating and validating a novel food picture set to facilitate studies on food choice and eating behavior for the Finnish population called “FinnFoodPics”. Material & Methods: We photographed 72 commonly consumed Finnish food items and classified them into one of three macronutrient categories: high in carbohydrates, high in fat, or high in carbohydrates and fat (combo). Sixty-two participants rated these items for liking, familiarity, frequency of consumption, expected satiety, perceived healthiness, energy content, and energy density. We used Bayesian ANOVAs to provide information on food characteristics, visual properties, and participant ratings across categories. Results: We found strong evidence of differences across macronutrient categories for all assessed parameters except for familiarity, which showed moderate uniformity across categories. Notably, foods in the carbohydrate category had higher fiber, and those in the fat category had higher protein content. Conclusion: “FinnFoodPics” provides a robust tool for local researchers to study food-related behavior and facilitates the replicability and comparability of studies using visual snack food stimuli in Finland.
Differences in Gender Pension Gaps in public and private pensions in West Germany: What role do work-family life courses play?
Authors: Rowold Carla
Published: July 2024

Even though Gender Pension Gaps (GPG) surpass gender wage gaps in most European countries, we know less about how they emerge and relate to gendered life-course inequalities. This study contributes by applying a life-course-sensitive decomposition to linked survey-register data for Germany (SHARE-RV), decomposing gender gaps in public and private pensions based on common work-family life courses. It considers the interdependencies of employment, family life, and earning positions over the life course, relevant due to pension privatization in Europe.GPGs occur because privileged life courses (stable civil servant careers for public and high-income employment for private pensions) yield high pensions but are almost exclusively accessible by fathers. Gender differences in access to high-income careers for parents drive the GPG in private pensions more than the gap in public pensions. The study underscores the future risk of high GPGs given the persistently high Gender Wage Gap and pension privatization in Germany.
Post – Partition Chaos in Mohan Rakesh’s "The Claim"
Authors: Sharma Prakash
Published: July 2024

This paper attempts to analyze the representation of the Indo-Pak partition violence and the chaos aftermath in fictional works especially focusing on Mohan Rakesh's short story "The claim" using the critical insights of trauma theory. An effort is made to show how Rakesh is different from general fictional writers who just write from single perspective and never try to be realistic in the act of representation. Such writers either use the language of otherness or martyrdom. It means, they either glorify or villainies Hindus or Muslims. In contrast, the writer is nearer to reality in presenting the suffering related to partition violence. This research work reveals how Rakesh does not blame any side but artistically shows the real trauma caused by the event of partition to simple people. He presents all four main characters as victims of the partition event and attempts to expose the chaotic situation in post- partition India. It shows how Rakesh blames the bureaucracy of India for making the situation more traumatic by delaying the task of providing compensation for the victims of the partition. Analyzing the data from the primary text using the critical ideas of trauma theorists especially Gyanendra Pandey about the violence, trauma and representation, this paper discusses about the literary representation of the cultural trauma. It tries to reveal how realistically Rakesh presents the continuity of the chaotic situation in India even after the partition event.
Revisiting the voices from the Margins: A Study of Subaltern Narrative in Amitav Ghosh’s The Calcutta Chromosome
Authors: Sharma Shyam Prasad
Published: July 2024

The Calcutta Chromosome by Amitav Ghosh delves into the subaltern narrative giving voice to marginalized people often overlooked in mainstream literature. The narrative draws on the themes of identity, power, and history through its characters and their experiences challenging traditional narratives and offers a unique perspective on the complexities of colonialism, science, and storytelling. The novel resurfaces the issues of defiance and resistance against the imperial power and its’ hegemony as depicted by Ghosh through the characters like Murugan, Mangala and Laakhan against British scientist Roland Ross and his associates. In the juncture of scientific research about the Malaria in colonial India, Ronald Ross was assisted by the Indian people, however, their contribution remained excluded in colonial historiography which Ghosh's narrative stages to revisit the colonizer's discriminatory policy. Meantime, this study triggers on the voice of the voiceless to subvert the 'orientalism' in Westerners' historiography by staging the voice of the oppressed in the domain of subaltern studies envisaged by Spivak and others. In so doing, it valorises the voice the subalterns by constituting an academic discourse for their age-longed muffled silence.
Tourism Policy for Sustainable Mountain Tourism: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Dhungana Bharat Ram
Published: July 2024

The tourism sector is a key driver of socio-economic advancement. This study aims to assess tourism policy for sustainable mountain tourism using a systematic literature review. The research is based on a review of empirical studies, reports, and policy documents. The Google Scholar search engine was applied using the keywords "tourism policy" and "sustainable mountain tourism". All papers that were published from January 2010 to February 2024 have been checked for the study and 27 research papers were selected for this study using the PRISMA framework. An increased emphasis on sustainability and responsible practices has resulted in a paradigm change in the global tourism business. Sustainable tourism promotes ecological sustainability, economic viability, and social equality by mitigating the negative effects of tourism on the environment, society, and economy. Collaboration with stakeholders is essential for implementing integrated sustainable mountain tourism policies. For this, government strategies should be directed toward improving sustainability awareness, strengthening local communities and political leaders’ participation, and adopting new technologies and renewable energy sources for sustained growth.
Estimation of human height using ulnar length in the Muslim community of Golbazar Municipality, Siraha, Nepal
Authors: Shamim Saqib , Ghimire Tirth Raj
Published: July 2024

Calculating an individual's height based on bone measurements is critical in identifying unknown bodies, body parts, or skeletal remains. Anthropologists, anatomists, and forensic experts have used a variety of anthropometric approaches to forecast stature from skeletal remains. Although few studies have been conducted to understand ulnar length and height, it has not been conducted in a few ethnic communities of Nepal. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between human height and ulnar length in Muslim communities of Golbazar Municipality, Siraha, Nepal. Two hundred people (male 100 and female 100) aged 20 to 40 years were purposively selected from Golbazaar, Siraha, Nepal. Ulnar length was measured as the distance between the tip of the Olecranon process and the styloid process with the elbow fully flexed. Height was measured from the top of the head to the floor while the participants stood upright in the anatomical position with their heads in the Frankfort plane. Statistical techniques, such as linear regression analysis and correlation coefficients, were used to determine a correlation between ulna length and height. The population's mean ulna length was 26.53 cm (SD = 2.06), and the mean height was 159.59 cm (SD = 9.72). The correlation between ulna length and height was stronger in males (0.46) than in females (0.36). The study established regression equations for height estimation based on ulna length for different age groups, with the strongest correlations found in the 31–35 years age group and weaker ones in the 20–25 years and 26–30 years age groups. The study suggests that ulna length could be a reliable predictor of height, especially when direct measurement is challenging or impossible. However, additional study is required to explore potential differences based on age, ethnicity, and gender and to validate the findings in more extensive and more diverse populations.
Modelling the Impact of Vaccination on the Control of Measles in Nepal
Authors: Pokharel Anjana , Adhikari Khagendra , Gautam Ramesh
Published: July 2024

Measles is a highly contagious disease in human caused by virus. Despite the accessibility of successful vaccines, measles outbreaks still occur, presumably because of the lack of compliance with vaccination. We developed a mathematical model to evaluate the effects of vaccines in different age structures particularly focusing on two groups, to control and eradicate the disease, that may help the planner. Using our model, we formulate the basic reproduction number R 0 that determines, whether the disease persists or dies out. In addition, we carry out sensitivity analysis to identify important parameters that can play a significant role in the control and prevention of measles in different groups of individuals. Furthermore, we investigate the behavior of the disease and effect of vaccination on disease dynamics over a long period.
On The Determination of a Convex Sequence of Signals by Absolute Sum of Factors of Trigonometric Series
Authors: Sahani Suresh Kumar , Tiwari S.K. , Sonat B. , Poudel Madhav Prasad
Published: July 2024

Five theorems on the identification of a convex sequence of signals via the absolute sum of elements of trigonometric series are established in this study. Several well-known results are specific cases of these theorems. When the function has bounded variation, it also addresses several special circumstances of fuzzy numbers.
A comparison of Finite difference schemes to Finite volume scheme for axially symmetric 2D heat equation
Authors: Timsina Ramesh Chandra
Published: July 2024

In this work, we compare finite difference schemes to finite volume scheme for axially symmetric 2D heat equation with Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions. Using cylindrical coordinate geometry, we describe a mathematical model of axially symmetric heat conduction for a stationary, homogeneous isotrophic solid with uniform thermal conductivity in a hollow cylinder with an exact solution in a particular case. We obtain the numerical solution of the PDE adapting finite difference and finite volume discretization techniques. Compared to the exact solution, we explore that the numerical schemes are the sufficient tools for the solution of linear or nonlinear PDE with prescribed boundary conditions. Furthermore, the numerical solution discrepancies in the results obtained from Explicit, Implicit and Crank-Nicolson schemes in Finite Difference Method (FDM) are extremely close to the exact solution in the case of Dirichlet boundary condition. The solution from the Explicit scheme is slightly far from the exactsolution and the solutions from Implicit and Crank-Nicolson schemes are extremely close to the exact solution in the case of Neumann boundary condition. Likewise, the numerical solutions obtained in the Finite volume method (FVM) are extremely close to the exact solution in the case of the Dirichlet boundary condition and slightly away from the exact solution in the case of the Neumann boundary condition.
Socijalni rizici i socijalni problemi vezani uz fetalni alkoholni spektar poremećaja
Authors: Benarabi Maria , Buljevac Marko
Published: July 2024

Prenatalna izloženost alkoholu jedan je od glavnih preventabilnih uzroka razvojnih teškoća. Konzumiranje alkohola u trudnoći povećava rizik za pojavu širokog raspona poremećaja koji se zajednički nazivaju fetalni alkoholni spektar poremećaja. Fetalni alkoholni spektar poremećaja obuhvaća četiri kliničke dijagnoze - fetalni alkoholni sindrom, djelomični fetalni alkoholni sindrom, neurorazvojni poremećaj povezan s alkoholom i urođene mane povezane s alkoholom. Osobe s fetalnim alkoholnim spektrom poremećaja susreću se s različitim izazovima u svom svakodnevnom životu, kao i članovi njihovih obitelji. Cilj ovog preglednog rada je prikazati, sumirati i problematizirati spoznaje vezane uz fetalni alkoholni spektar poremećaja, rizične čimbenike za razvoj fetalnog alkoholnog spektar poremećaja, teškoće, socijalne rizike i socijalne probleme osoba s fetalnim alkoholnim spektrom poremećaja, ali i različite oblike i programe podrške obiteljima osoba s fetalnim alkoholnim spektrom poremećaja. Za zaključiti je kako različiti socijalni rizici i problemi osoba s fetalnim alkoholnim spektrom poremećaja i članova njihovih obitelji generiraju nove i dodatne socijalne rizike i probleme s kojima se susreću te kako je potrebno pružati sveobuhvatnu podršku kako osobama s fetalnim alkoholnim spektrom poremećaja, tako i članovima njihovih obitelji.
A variational approach to ground state energy estimation in relativistic quantum systems
Authors: Amal Felan , O Arundathi , T. Shivalingaswamy
Published: July 2024

The variational method in quantum mechanics plays a crucial role in estimating upper bound values of eigenenergies, particularly in the efficient determination of ground state energies. This paper introduces a formalism for the calculation of ground state energies in relativistic quantum systems employing the variational method. The proposed approach is applied to specific physical systems, allowing us to evaluate its effectiveness. Furthermore, we compare the results obtained through this method with existing literature, shedding light on its accuracy and applicability in the context of relativistic quantum systems.
The propagator of the inverted Caldirola-Kanai Oscillator
Authors: Jairuk Umpon , Pepore Surarit
Published: July 2024

In this paper, we will derive the propagators for an inverted Caldirola-Kanai oscillator by the Feynman path integral, the Schwinger method, and the Dodonov method. In Feynman path inte-gral, the propagator can be calculated from the functional integrals while in the Schwinger method the propagator can be obtained from basic operator algebra and elementary integrations. In Dodonov method, the propagator can be derived from the application of the integrals of the motion of quantum systems. Furthermore, the connection between these methods is also discussed.
An experiment for the study of projectile motion
Authors: Kovačević Milan , Kuzmanović L. , Kovačević S. , Milošević M. M.
Published: July 2024

The classic demonstration experiment of the motion of a point mass thrown at an angle to the horizon is studied. Several measurements of the range of a projectile launched sphere are carried out and compared with the results that were obtained by an analytical approach. The sphere’s motion can be treated as two independent movements, a linear uniform movement in the horizontal direction and a uniformly accelerated motion in the vertical direction. The value of launching velocity obtained by kinematics is compared with those predicted by the law of mechanical energy conservation. The conclusion is that the model of a frictionless sliding sphere is far from explaining the experimental result. The model could be improved proposing that the sphere rolls without sliding (pure rolling) on the platform including the rotational kinetic energy. Finally, the fact that the sphere does not settle completely on the launch rail was considered using an effective radius of rotation. Observed from the three proposed models, the last one is the closest to the obtained experimental value. These activities can also improve students’ understanding of the concept of projectile motion.
Knockdown of α-Enolase (ENO1) to Suppress Glycolytic Pathway in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Line (HepG2)
Authors: AL-Asady Shaymaa Hamed , AL-Sudani Basma Talib , Mshimesh Bahir Abdul-Razzaq
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT Hepatocellular carcinoma therapies which are potentially curative depend on early diagnosis, but unfortunately only 20% is the 5-year survival rate of liver cancer despite of various treatment methods which progress continuously. Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma presenting with late stage disease despite established screening guidelines for patients at risk because of asymptomatic nature of this disease so finding effective treatments are imperative. Alpha-enolase has been noticed to be commonly over-expressed in tumors including hepatocellular carcinoma, it is one of the leading regulators of the Warburg effect, so plays an important role in carcinogenesis and tumor maintenance. In this study the cell line α-enolase short interference RNA was successfully constructed. In the α-enolase short interference RNA cell lines, messenger RNA and protein expression of α-enolase were lower than those in negative control and blank control groups. The pyruvate level was significantly inhibited, the proliferation ability was significantly suppressed. Our data provide strong evidence that α-enolase short interference RNA can efficiently suppress glycolysis pathway and thus the proliferation of Hep G2, which may provide a novel gene therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma.
Doing research as a student
Authors: Hemamala I. Karunadasa, PhD
Published: July 2024

Over the years, I have worked in a variety of research groups and learnt from great scientists with different approaches. There is no 10-step plan for success in research, particularly when you are researching the unknown! But there are many paths to leading a rewarding career in scientific research and adopting practices from successful scientists has helped me navigate my own career. Here, I compile some of the advice on doing research that I explicitly or implicitly received during my undergraduate, graduate, postdoctoral, and faculty years and use to this day. This is the same advice I give my own students. Some of these points are fairly obvious; others I wish I had implemented earlier in my own career. There are also articles in the scientific literature on doing research and publishing and presenting your results that are great reads; one example is cited here https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.200400767.
Measuring Heuristic Accuracy on the Performance of Search Algorithms in Solving 8-Puzzle Problems
Authors: S.D.T. Jananji  , D.D.A. Gamini
Published: July 2024

The goal of this paper is to examine the effect of heuristic accuracy on the performance of search algorithms in solving 8-puzzle problems. The 8-puzzle is a popular benchmark search problem in Artificial Intelligence, and numerous search strategies have been developed to solve it. This research evaluates the performance of search algorithms using different heuristics to determine the optimal level of heuristic accuracy for solving 8-puzzle problems. Several search algorithms, including uniform cost search and A* search, were implemented and tested using different heuristics. Manhattan and Euclidean distances were chosen as heuristics for A* algorithm. Heuristics play a crucial role in guiding these algorithms towards the solution, and their accuracy can greatly impact the performance of the search. Results revealed that reduction attained in both time and space complexity by A* search with Manhattan heuristic is over 99.1% for the average case, while the reduction in the effective branching factor is over 21.1%. These results from the experiments provide insights into the trade-off between heuristic accuracy and search efficiency, and contribute to a better understanding of the behavior of search algorithms in complex problems
Mycoremediation of Acetaminophen by the Fungi of Dothideomycetes sp. Isolate
Authors: Meghmala Waghmode  , Pragati Abhyankar  , Neha Patil
Published: July 2024

Resources like air, water, and land are found to be contaminated by a broad variety of pharmaceutical contaminants. The release of industrial effluents, hospital wastewater, and untreated domestic water, which contains medications, colours, pharmaceutical blisters, and heavy metals that are ecotoxic even at concentrations of nanograms to micrograms, is a significant cause of water pollution. Mycoremediation is an operative approach is to detoxify these contaminants. The fungal strain was isolated from pharma industrial wastewater. Identification of the fungi was founded on the morphological and 18s rRNA sequencingtechnique. Isolate shared 99.82 % similarity with Zasmidium cellare and Cladosporium iridis strain CBS 138.40, suggesting the new species of fungi. The strain has received Gen bank accession number of OR081620.1. The fungal strain was found to degrade 85% of acetaminophen (1000 ppm) in 10 days when grown in mineral salt medium with acetaminophen as only carbon source. Glucose was found to enhance sporulation potential but not the degradative potential of the fungi. Identification of biodegradative metabolite was done by using thin layer chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy. Mycodegradative metabolite of 4 Aminophenol was identified as acetaminophen.
Cassava Flour as a Possible Replacement for Wheat Flour: A Comprehensive Review Considering the Sri Lankan Scenario
Authors: S.M.C.N. Senanayake  , M.A. Jayasinghe  , M.A. D. Somendrika  , C. Jayathilake  , R.S. Diyabalanage
Published: July 2024

Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is a long tuberous starch-containing root crop that stands as a significant staple food globally. Its adaptability to various climates has increased its commercial growth. However, challenges such as toxic cyanogenic glucosides and rapid perishability in cassava demand its processing for safety and extended shelf-life. In Sri Lanka, where cassava is widely consumed, surplus production can be a highly prospective revenue. This review summarizes the utilization of cassava flour as a potential alternative for wheat flour emphasizing the Sri Lankan scenario. The cassava flour production process involves cleaning, peeling, slicing, drying, grinding, and sieving. Nutritional composition varies among cultivars, with variations in starch, amylase, fiber, protein, and ash. The cyanogenic levels also depend on the cultivars. Cassava flour emerges as a promising wheat flour substitute due to its abundance, effortless cultivation practices, nutritional profile, and unique functional properties. Furthermore, cassava flour is gluten-free and considered as the most comparable gluten-free substitute to wheat flour in terms of texture and taste. The incorporation of cassava flour into bakery products shows an opportunity to reduce the massive dependence on costly wheat flour imports in developing countries, which improves the country’s revenues. This review focuses on diverse food applications of cassava flour, including cookies rackers, biscuits, and commercial products, highlighting cassava flour's market potential in Sri Lanka amidst the increasing demand for gluten-free products.Keywords: Cassava Flour, Wheat Flour, Substitute, Sri Lanka, Food Products
Examining the Relations between Number of Opportunities to Self-Monitor and Self-Monitoring On-task or Accuracy in Children
Authors:   , Ruby Alison
Published: July 2024

Difficulties in academic achievement have been linked to adverse outcomes such as increased problem behavior and delays in development (Hinshaw, 1992). Early education should include training to self-monitor, as self-monitoring can improve academic performance and has a wide range of uses (Harris et al., 2005). Previous literature typically uses frequent self-monitoring opportunities ranging from every 30 seconds to 1 minute. The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of the number of self-monitoring opportunities when self-monitoring on-task behavior and self-monitoring accuracy of task completion, on-task behavior, disruptions, and accuracy of self-monitoring (types of errors) and determine the preferences of participants for both the method and number of opportunities to self-monitor. Results showed high levels of on-task behavior across methods and a number of opportunities. Participants completed tasks more accurately when self-monitoring the accuracy of task completion. Overall, there were benefits to self-monitoring less frequently: 2 out of 3 participants were more accurate with fewer opportunities, implementation was easier, mistakes in task completion and self-monitoring were reduced, fewer disruptions, shorter session durations, and less cheating. Participants preferred on-task self-monitoring, though incorporating some component involving accuracy of task completion is beneficial as monitoring on-task behavior alone is often insufficient for ensuring accuracy.
Polymer Quenchants
Authors: Totten George E. , Troell Eva , Canale Lauralice C.F. , Simencio Otero Rosa L. , Luo Xinmin
Published: July 2024

This article presents the fundamentals and nomenclature of polymer quenchants and provides a detailed discussion on the polymers used for quenching formulation. The article describes the effect of polymer structure on the quenching mechanism. It also presents the factors affecting polymer quenchant performance. The article details the use of polymer quenchants for intensive quenching and then focuses on the wire patenting processes and polymer quenchant analysis. The article presents the application of polymer quenchants for induction hardening. Finally, it provides details on cooling curve analysis of polymer quenchants.
Other Quenchants and Quenching Processes
Authors: Luo Xinmin , E. Totten George , Canale Lauralice C.F. , Simencio Otero Rosa L.
Published: July 2024

This article presents a detailed discussion on the characteristics, types, properties, quenchants, applications, advantages, and disadvantages of various types of quenching: air quenching, water quenching, rinse quenching, time quenching, press quenching, delayed quenching, fluidized-bed quenching, ultrasonic quenching, intercritical quenching, subcritical quenching, ausbay quenching, hot isotactic press quenching, slack quenching, differential quenching, and double quenching.
Petroleum Oil Quenchants
Authors: Canale Lauralice C.F. , Simencio Otero Rosa L. , Totten George E. , Luo Xinmin
Published: July 2024

In this article, an in-depth overview of petroleum quenching oils is provided, including oil composition, use, mechanism of the oil quenching processes, oil degradation, toxicology and safety, and quenching bath maintenance.
الوظيفة المزدوجة للقضاء الدستوري في الأنظمة السلطوية والتجربة الفلسطينية
Authors: توام رشاد , خليل عاصم
Published: July 2024

ما الذي يدفع نظامًا سلطويًا، أو بالأحرى قيادته، يُفصّل التشريع على مقاسه، وينتهكه إذا شاء، ويستبد بالسلطات ويجمع بينها إذا شاء، إلى أن يدعم وجود قضاء يبدو مستقلًا "شكلانيًا"، ويسمح له بمناكفته بالحد من سلطاته والتضييق عليه في مصالحه؟ أعادت الدراسة إثارة هذا السؤال القديم الجديد، متخذةً من التجربة الفلسطينية حالةً دراسية، استنادًا إلى منهج تأصيلي تحليلي مركب، باستقراء توجهات القضاء الدستوري الفلسطيني، ممثلًا بالمحكمة الدستورية العليا، وسلفها المحكمة العليا بصفتها محكمة دستورية مؤقتة، خلال عقدين (2002-2022). انطلقت الدراسة من افتراض مؤداه اضطلاع القضاء الدستوري الفلسطيني بـ "وظيفة مزدوجة" على غرار تجارب خبرت نظامًا سلطويًا يحرص على وجود قضاء يسمح من خلاله بالتضحية ببعض مصالحه غير الجوهرية، مقابل توظيفه في دعم شرعيته المزعومة، و/ أو طمأنة المستثمرين و/ أو ضبط الجهاز الإداري، لكنها خلصت إلى أن دعم الشرعية المزعومة للنظام هو المصلحة الجوهرية المركزية الوحيدة التي رعاها القضاء الدستوري الفلسطيني لصالح النظام، ولا يقابلها تضحية بمصالح غير جوهرية، بل تفريط في حقوق الإنسان.
ONLINE NOTES: sistem za razpoznavo govora in strojno prevajanje v realnem času na ravni univerzitetnih predavanj
Authors: Šoltes Tjaša , Vasiljević Jan , Bajec Marko
Published: July 2024

Online Notes je sistem za avtomatsko razpoznavo govora in prevajanje v realnem času na ravni univerzitetnih predavanj, ki ga razvijamo na Univerzi v Ljubljani. Sistem je primarno namenjen študentom Univerze v Ljubljani, ki ne razumejo ali slabše razumejo slovensko, ter študentom s senzornimi oviranostmi. V sklopu projekta smo razvili dva modela za razpoznavo govora in spletno aplikacijo s štirimi portali. Do sedaj je bilo izvedenih 29 pilotnih testiranj sistema, med drugim eno semestrsko, v okviru katerega smo spremljali dve študentki na izmenjavi programa Erasmus+, ki sta tekom celotnega semestra obiskovali predmet Prostorska statistika na Fakulteti za gradbeništvo in geodezijo UL v slovenščini z uporabo sistema Online Notes. Poleg spremljanja v živo sta imeli kot učni material na voljo tudi avtomatsko generirane podnapise v angleščini, ki so nastali na podlagi popravljenih slovenskih transkriptov. Študentki sta uspešno opravili vse študijske obveznosti. Izpostavili sta, da je sistem zelo uporaben za študente, ki ne razumejo slovensko, saj omogoča sledenje predavanjem, poleg tega pa sta izpostavili tudi določene pomanjkljivosti, kot je kognitivna zahtevnost pri spremljanju sistema, predavatelja in table hkrati in mestoma slabša kvaliteta prevodov pri predavanjih v živo.
Iz Islovarja
Authors: Puc Katarina
Published: July 2024

Islovar je spletni terminološki slovar informatike, ki ga že več kot 20 let ureja jezikovna sekcija Slovenskega društva INFORMATIKA. Slovar je javno dostopen za vpoglede in vnašanje novih izrazov na naslovu http://www.islovar.org.
Development of autonomous learning skills and the use of multimedia technologies in English classroom
Authors: Dukenova A.D.
Published: July 2024

In recent years, multimedia technologies have greatly influenced the conceptions of language teaching and learning, especially the change of the student and teacher’s roles. Consequently, today learners' autonomy is a high priority in the new education system. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of multimedia technologies in developing students’ autonomy and functional literacy in reading in English classrooms. The data were collected through questionnaires and observation conducted with the teaching staff of rural schools. In addition, to understand teachers’ perspectives, experience, and practice a series of seminars were organized and conducted with the teaching staff. Teachers were encouraged to nurture their students' autonomy by creating reading tasks and uploading their materials on the multimedia learning platform during the practical part of the seminars. The findings of this study showed that using multimedia technologies can open a new path for fostering students’ autonomous learning abilities as well as functional literacy. Furthermore, the seminars served as valuable forums for educators to exchange insights and best practices, fostering a collaborative environment conducive to pedagogical innovation. The findings underscored the importance of providing educators with ongoing support and resources to effectively integrate multimedia tools into their teaching practices.
KONSEP GOOD TEAM PLAYER, KOMUNIKASI, NEGOSIASI: ENTREPRENEUR PENDIDIKAN
Authors: Nurjaman Ujang , Sulastri Asri , Anisa Ana , Hodijah Anisa Siti
Published: July 2024

Menjadi entrepreneur pada masa modernini tidak hanya dilihat dari siapa pemimpinnya melainkan bagaimana kolaborasi dalam tim. Begitupun dengan lembaga pendidikan tidak hanya seorang pemimpin yang bergerak namun adanya kerja sama dengan pendidik dan tenaga kependidikan. Memiliki komunikasi yang baik dan bernegosiasi yang efektif adalah kunci utama dalam mewujudkan tujuan organisasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pemilihan sumber literatur seperti jurnal, buku, artikel, dan sumber terpercaya lainnya yang relevan dengan topik yang dipilih oleh peneliti. Focus penelitian ini tertuju pada bidang pendidikan dan kewirausahaan. Hasil dari penelitian ini kualitas dari para good team player sangat berarti dan esensial dalam tercapainya goals atau keberhasilan organisasi dengan syarat-syarat yang dimiliki seperti mampu berkolaboratif, memiliki empati, komitmen dan dedikasi.
POTENSI EKSTRAK METANOL RHIZOM ALANG-ALANG (Imperata cylindrica L.) SEBAGAI BIOHERBISIDA PENGHAMBAT PERTUMBUHAN GULMA SEMBUNG RAMBAT (Mikania micrantha H.B.K)
Authors: Egidia Egidia , Mukarlina Mukarlina , Linda Riza
Published: July 2024

Imperata cylindrica is a narrow-leaved weed that contains phenol compounds in the form of flavonoids and tannins that can inhibit the growth of other plants, so it has the potential as a bioherbicide. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of methanol extract of rhizom I. cylindrica on the germination and growth of Mikania micrantha weed and to determine the concentration of methanol extract of rhizom I. cylindrica that well inhibits the germination and growth of  M. micrantha weed. This research started from March to December 2023 and was carried out at the Forest Products Chemistry Laboratory Faculty of Forestry, Laboratory and Cassa House Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Tanjungpura University, Pontianak. The method used in this research is Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 concentration treatments of 0 g/ml (control); 0.1 g/ml; 0.2 g/ml; 0.3 g/ml and 0.4 g/ml, each treatment consists of 5 replicates. The results showed that methanol extract of rhizom I. cylindrica gave a significant effect on the germination and growth of M. micrantha weed. The methanol extract of rhizom I. cylindrica that best inhibits the germination of M. micrantha weed is a concentration of 0.2 g/ml and best inhibits the growth of M. micrantha weed is a concentration of 0.4 g/ml. Methanol extract of rhizom I. cylindrica has the potential as a bioherbicide to inhibit the growth of M. micrantha weed.
TWO AGAINST THE TIDE
Authors: Lazarsfeld-Jensen Ann
Published: July 2024

When Charles Seligman invited his wife, Brenda, to share his tent in 1907, he sanctioned a professional place for female fieldworkers in anthropology. Seligman was a groundbreaking pioneer of ethnographic work in Oceania and Africa. He treated shellshocked soldiers, he amassed museum collections and he fathered a generation of exceptional students. Brenda, his first student, became a scholar in her own right. Eighty years after his death, the Seligman legacy was deleted from the institution he began. Two Against the Tide explores how as wealthy Anglo-Jews, Charles and Brenda Seligman built a shared career through secret benevolence and silent endurance of hardship.
Aspergillus niger АМ1 strain as causative agent for oil and petroleum products biodegradation
Authors: Mindubaev A. Z. , Babynin E. V. , Babaev V. M. , Tutuchkina V. V. , Minzanova S. T. , Mironova L. G. , Karaeva Yu. V.
Published: July 2024

The biodegradation of oils by the strain Aspergillus niger AM1 VKM F-4815D was studied. Visual observation and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry showed that oil is subject to partial destruction, but cannot serve as the only source of carbon — the culture medium must contain glucose. An interesting fact is the change in consistency and hardening of oil under the influence of A. niger. This allows us to consider the possibility of using the strain for the bioremediation of soils and waters contaminated with oil. No less interesting is that, even earlier, the ability of the strain to metabolize a number of toxic phosphorus compounds, including even white and red phosphorus, was established. However, most organic solvents have a noticeable toxic effect, inhibiting growth in the presence of glucose and not becoming carbon sources in the absence of glucose.
Calendula officinalis (Asteraceae) as a radiosensitizer in radiotherapy of tumors
Authors: Koldman S. D. , Koldman V. A. , Belousov A. V. , Mazaletskaya L. I.
Published: July 2024

The effect of aqueous-alcoholic tincture of Сalendula officinalis L. (Asteraceae) on tumor cells of different species and tissue origin was studied. Its potential as a radiosensitizer in combination with γ-radiation was determined. It has been established that C. officinalis tincture causes the death of tumor cells regardless of their p53 and p21 status. C. officinalis tincture has antioxidant properties, but for cells with active p21 it exhibits radiosensitizing rather than radioprotective properties. For cells lacking p21, C. officinalis tincture is a radioprotector, so the cell death is p21 mediated. A study of the radiosensitizing properties of C. officinalis was carried out on a mouse melanoma model in vivo. In combination with γ-radiation, it led to a significant inhibition of tumor growth (by 47%), as compared to irradiation only. The significant radiosensitizing effect and capability of overcoming the tumor cells resistance induced by p53 inactivation make C. officinalis tincture promising as an add-on to radiotherapy, allowing to reduce the effective radiation dose 1.7 times.
Разработка стандартного образца состава йодата калия: применение прямого и косвенного подходов к оценке чистоты соли
Authors: Собина А. В. , Собина Е. П. , Шимолин А. Ю. , Табатчикова Т. Н.
Published: July 2024

Приведены результаты определения массовой доли основного компонента (йодата калия) в йодате калия, полученные прямым (с использованием метода кулонометрического титрования с контролем мешающих примесей методом ионной хроматографии) и косвенным (по схеме 100% минус сумма примесей с учетом их форм присутствия) способами. Показано, что прямой и косвенный способы дают согласующиеся результаты: 99.966±0.014% и 99.976±0.010% соответственно. Полученные результаты измерений с учетом неопределенности согласуются с опорным значением массовой доли йодата калия 99.980±0.006%, полученным на этом же материале в международных ключевых сличениях CCQM-K152 Assay of potassium iodate, в которых приняли участие национальные метрологические институты семи стран. Особенностью реализованного в данной работе косвенного способа определения массовой доли йодата калия является построение модели химического состава анализируемого объекта на основе априорных и экспериментальных данных с использованием двух базовых принципов при суммировании содержания примесей: условия материального (массового) баланса и принципа электронейтральности. Разработан высокоточный стандартный образец состава йодата калия ГСО 11713-2021 с интервалом аттестованных значений массовой доли йодата калия 99.000–100.000%, йода 59.242–59.301%, массовой доли кислорода 22.406–22,429%, расширенной неопределенностью аттестованных значений при k = 2(0.020−0.030)%.
Треугольные нанопластинки серебра как аналитический реагент в методах оптической молекулярной абсорбционной спектроскопии: возможности и перспективы
Authors: Фурлетов А. А. , Апяри В. В. , Дмитриенко С. Г.
Published: July 2024

Сферические наночастицы серебра стали классическими нанообъектами, обладающими выраженными оптическими характеристиками, что привлекает к ним значительное внимание исследователей в области молекулярной абсорбционной спектроскопии, тест-методов и других сферах аналитической химии. Тем не менее сильное влияние морфологии на спектральные особенности наночастиц серебра создает благоприятную основу для изучения объектов несферической морфологии. Одним из интересных примеров таких объектов являются треугольные нанопластинки (ТНП). Их химические и спектральные особенности открывают обширные перспективы для исследований в области применения ТНП серебра в методах оптической молекулярной абсорбционной спектроскопии, дальнейшей интенсификации которых могут способствовать систематизация и обобщение основных сведений о вариантах получения и применения ТНП серебра в качестве аналитических реагентов. В статье, основывающейся на данных литературы и личном опыте авторов, представлена информация об основных способах синтеза этих нанообъектов, а также рассмотрены направления применения ТНП серебра и их композитных материалов в методах оптической молекулярной абсорбционной спектроскопии. Обсуждено влияние природы аналитов на характеристики их определения с помощью ТНП серебра, представлены примеры определения неорганических соединений и биологически активных органических веществ.
Diethyl Sulfide Oxidation with Sodium Peroxoborate in Water–Acetonitrile System. Kinetics and Mechanism
Authors: Liubymova А. K. , Lobachev V. L. , Bezbozhnaya T. V.
Published: July 2024

In aqueous solutions of acetonitrile (1 vol%), the rate of oxidation of diethyl sulfide with sodium peroxoborate, Na2[B2(O2)2(OH)4]∙6H2O, in the pH range of 8.5–11 is significantly higher than the oxidation rate in water and exceeds the rate of reaction of Et2S with hydrogen peroxide in the H2O–MeCN system. The reaction order with respect to the substrate, which is close to zero, suggests that the limiting stage of the process is the reaction of peroxoborate anions with MeCN, leading to the formation of active boron peroxyimidates, which then react in a rapid stage with Et2S.
Search for Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors among Pyrazoline and Pyrimidine Derivatives and Studying Luminescent Properties of the Obtained Compounds
Authors: Isakhanyan A. U. , Hakobyan N. Z. , Hovasyan Z. A. , Grigoryan G. S. , Mkhitaryan R. P. , Yesayan D. L. , Grigoryan A. S. , Gasparyan H. V. , Panosyan Н. A. , Harutyunyan A. A.
Published: July 2024

Cyclization of the (E)-3-aryl-1-(4-alkoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-ones with phenylhydrazine in an acidic medium leads to the 5-aryl-3-(4-alkoxyphenyl)-1-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazoles. Bubbling air through a solution of 5-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-phenyl-3-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole in ethylcellosolve resulted in an oxidation-dehydrogenation product, which characterized as the picrate of the corresponding pyrazole. The reaction of benzamidine and 4-methylbenzamidine hydrochlorides with substituted chalcones in а KOH–ethanol system leads to 2,4-diaryl-6-(4-alkoxyphenyl)pyrimidines. The luminescent and antimonoamine oxidase properties of the resulting systems were studied.