bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El pesimismo teo-antropológico de Escoto y Ockham y los orígenes remotos de la Kulturkrisis
Authors: Vargas Alberto I.
Published: April 2018

El origen de la crisis contemporánea de la cultura occidental se remonta, en términos metafísicos, al proyecto filosófico de Duns Escoto y Guillermo de Ockham. Dicho proyecto surge como una reacción temerosa ante el paganismo aristotélico con la intención de proteger la revelación cristiana. Se trata de un pesimismo teo-antropológico por el que el tardomedievo renuncia al hombre como ‘capax Dei’ y, prolongado en el tiempo, conduce nuestra situación histórica a la desesperación. Adquirir eésta perspectiva histórica permite comprender la modernidad como fenómeno íntimo y por tanto a la llamada kulturkrisis como una crisis antropológica de alcance colectivo.
Coral Reef Coverage Percentage on Binor Paiton-Probolinggo Seashore
Authors: Wiyanto Dwi Budi
Published: April 2018

The coral reef damage in Probolinggo region was expected to be caused by several factors. The first one comes from its society that exploits fishery by using cyanide toxin and bomb. The second one goes to the extraction of coral reef, which is used as decoration or construction materials. The other factor is likely caused by the existence of large industry on the seashore, such as Electric Steam Power Plant (PLTU) Paiton and others alike. Related to the development of coral reef ecosystem, availability of an accurate data is crucially needed to support the manner of future policy, so the research of coral reef coverage percentage needs to be conducted continuously. The aim of this research is to collect biological data of coral reef and to identify coral reef coverage percentage in the effort of constructing coral reef condition basic data on Binor, Paiton, and Probolinggo regency seashore. The method used in this research is Line Intercept Transect (LIT) method. LIT method is a method that used to decide benthic community on coral reef based on percentage growth, and to take note of benthic quantity along transect line. Percentage of living coral coverage in 3 meters depth on this Binor Paiton seashore that may be categorized in a good condition is 57,65%. While the rest are dead coral that is only 1,45%, other life form in 23,2%, and non-life form in 17,7%. A good condition of coral reef is caused by coral reef transplantation on the seashore, so this coral reef is dominated by Acropora Branching. On the other hand, Mortality Index (IM) of coral reef resulted in 24,5%. The result from observation and calculation of coral reef is dominated by Hard Coral in Acropora Branching (ACB) with coral reef coverage percentage of 39%, Coral Massive (CM) with coral reef coverage percentage of 2,85%, Coral Foliose (CF) with coral reef coverage percentage of 1,6%, and Coral Mushroom (CRM) with coral reef coverage percentage of 8,5%. Observation in 10 meters depth resulted in coral reef coverage percentage of 63,33%. 75% of living coral found on this 10 meters depth are dominated by Acropora branching coral, while the rest 25,21% are filled by Acropora tabulate coral and non-Acropora coral in the life form of branching, massive, sub-massive, foliose, and mushroom, where coral Mortality Index (IM) reached 28,5%. The high number of coral reef coverage percentage on Paiton is caused by successful coral transplantation and low activity of society in this location. The domination of large size Acropora branching coral were estimated comes from a few types, showing that coral resulted from transplantation has grown large and form a complex 3 dimension structure that is suitable for the life form of fish and living benthic.
Peranan Padang Lamun Selatan Bali Sebagai Pendukung Kelimpahan Ikan di Perairan Bali
Authors: Faiqoh Elok , Wiyanto Dwi Budi , Astrawan I Gede Budi
Published: April 2018

Seagrass ecosystem is providing feeding ground, nursery ground, spawning ground , habitat and shelter area. The threat of physical destruction such as the reclamation, pollution, sedimentation and tourism activities decreasing the diversity and the abundance of fishery commodities. The purpose of this study was to describe the condition of seagrass, determine the composition and abundance of seagrass fish in the three Southern coast of Bali and assess the association of fish-sea grass. Samples were taken from three coastal areas, Samuh, Shindu and Serangan coastal area. The results are in Samuhthere are 6 types of seagrass, in Shindu there are 7 types and in Serangan there are three types, whichdominates with Cymodocea rotundata and Syringodium isoetifolium. From the three coastal areas,we found 21 families of fish, where the family Pomacentridaehas the highest species abundance in Samuh, Apogon sp in Serangan and Terapon sp. found in Shindu. We can see the interaction between the seagrass ecosystems of coral reefs in the waters of South Bali and ecological role of seagrass from the family and species of fish.
Pengaruh Sebaran Konsentrasi Klorofil-a Berdasarkan Citra Satelit terhadap Hasil Tangkapan Ikan Tongkol (Euthynnus sp) Di Perairan Selat Bali
Authors: Prayoga I Made Satya , Putra I Dewa Nyoman Nurweda , Dirgayusa I Gusti Ngurah Putra
Published: April 2018

One of fisheries potential in Bali Strait is tuna fish (Euthynnus sp). Tuna fish (Euthynnus sp) resources is highly influenced by waters productivity which indicated by the chlorophyll-a concentration distribution. The aims of this study are: to find out the concentration spatial of chlorophyll-a distribution in Bali strait, to find out temporal variability of chlorophyll-a and tuna fish (Euthynnus sp) in Bali strait, and to find out the influence of chlorophyll-a concentration distribution to the catch of tuna fish (Euthynnus sp) in Bali strait. The analysis of the influence of chlorophyll-a concentration distribution to the catch of tuna fish (Euthynnus sp) in Bali strait uses regression polynomial order 2, correlation, and cross correlation. The influence of chlorophyll-a concentration distribution to the catch of tuna fish (Euthynnus sp) in Bali strait yearly time series climatology amounted to R2 = 0,1624 or 16,24%, the correlation coefficient values obtained by r = 0,1889. Seasonal time series climatology in west season (December - February) R2 = 0,0707 or 7,07%, the correlation coefficient values obtained by r = 0,0749. The transitional season 1 (March - May) R2 = 0,0095 or 0,95%, the correlation coefficient values obtained by r = - 0,0092. The east season (June - August) R2 = 0,086 or 8,6%, the correlation coefficient values obtained by r = - 0,2155. The transitional season 2 (September - November) R2 = 0,0482 or 4,82%. The correlation coefficient values obtained by r = - 0,1805
Studi Pertumbuhan Rumput Laut Jenis Kotoni (Eucheuma cottonii) dengan Menggunakan Metode Kurung Dasar dan Lepas Dasar di Perairan Geger, Bali
Authors: Togatorop Andreas Pratama , Dirgayusa I Gusti Ngurah Putra , Puspitha Ni Luh Putu Ria
Published: April 2018

One of the factors that define the success of seaweed is the planting methods It self. It is important because the method will directly affect the seaweed production. The main problem faced by seaweed farmer is declining the production over years. There are several reasons causing that problem, including, predator, desease and environment degradation. The purpose of this research is investigating the effectiveness of two different seaweed planting methods with the respect to the seaweed growth rate. The two methods that mentioned previously are off bottom and off bottom bracket method. The two methods are basically simillar, the first method (off bottom) is a conventional method, on the other hand, the second method was given an additional nets in order to cover the off bottom construction. The space between each seaweed planting on two different methods are defined similar, which are 25 cm. The initial planting weight was measured 100 grams. Observation was done for 42 days (6 week) and data collection was performed every 7 days on total of 10 individual seaweed each treatment. Absolute weight, daily growth rate, daily growth and specific growth rate are calculated. The data analysis will be done using F test at ? = 0.05 (SPSS 12.0). The result found that the growth rate of seaweed (Eucheuma cottoni) under off bottom bracket was not significantly different compared to the off bottom method (?= 0.476).
Struktutr Komunitas Ikan dan Tutupan Karang di Area Biorock Desa Pemuteran, Buleleng, Bali
Authors: Arifin Febriyanto , Dirgayusa I Gusti Ngurah Putra , Faiqoh Elok
Published: April 2018

Biorock is new method of coral reef rehabilitation. Today, the structure Biorock been made in various shapes and sizes. Therefore, assessment of reef fish communities and coral cover on the artificial reef Biorock of different sizes are needed as a as the basic information and the utilization of the results of the conservation area. From this research, it is known that the six Biorock structure obtained reef fish composition consisting of 18 Family and 45 fish species and abundance of total 2065 individuals. In accordance with the classification of diversity index Shannon - wiener all sizes Biorock the research object falls into the range of values diversity moderately 1.57 - 2.95. The results of the uniformity index show that in every size Biorock has equal distribution of species. From the results of the dominance of index calculation (C) is included in the low category. Where in any size Biorock not happen domination by a single species. In all sizes Biorock have value mengindikasinkan that coral is in good shape. The highest coral cover in sequence contained in the structure of Small-sized Biorock 1, 1 medium, 2 Large, 2 Small, 2 Medium, and 1 Large. From analysis using Bray-Curtis similarity index gained 2 groups Biorock structures that have similar types of fish encountered. The first group is the first Large-sized Biorock structure, Large 2, and the medium 1. The second group is the structure of Small-sized Biorock 1, 2 medium and 2 Small.
Aplikasi Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) dan Penginderaan Jauh untuk Pemetaan Daerah Penangkapan Ikan Tuna Mata Besar di Selatan Jawa dan Bali
Authors: Padmaningrat Kadek Bagus , Karang I Wayan Gede Astawa , As-syakur Abd. Rahman
Published: April 2018

Bigeye tuna is the dominant species of tuna caught in the territorial waters of the Indian Ocean and a productive tropical species which accounts for more than 10% of the total catch in the whole world. Distribution of bigeye tuna can be predicted through optimum temperature associated with the presence of bigeye tuna and distribution of chlorophyll-a is associated with the presence of small pelagic fish. The distribution of sea surface temperature and chlorophyll-a can be detected through remote sensing systems. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between sea surface temperature and chlorophyll-a by the number of bigeye tuna catches in the waters south of Java and Bali, and mapped the area catching bigeye tuna in the waters south of Java and Bali. The method used is a second order polynomial regression analysis to determine the effect of sea surface temperature and chlorophyll-a by the number of bigeye tuna catches as well as correlation analysis to determine the relationship of sea surface temperature and chlorophyll-a by the number of bigeye tuna catches. Sea surface temperature and chlorophyll-a is related to the number of bigeye tuna catches.  The results of the analysis showed a strong relationship between sea surface temperature and chlorophyll-a by the number of bigeye tuna catches. Bigeye tuna fishing grounds in the waters south of Java and Bali are in a position 12oS-15oS and 106°E-118°E.
Total Suspended Solid (TSS) Distributed by Tidal Currents during Low to High Tide Phase in the Waters of Sayung, Demak: Its Relations to Water Quality Parameters
Authors: Wisha Ulung Jantama , Ondara Koko
Published: April 2018

Sayung waters is a region highly vulnerable to catastrophic erosion along the coast, which is directly followed by an increase suspended sediments and particles from the bottom of the waters that was stirred by oceanography factors. The purpose of this study was to determine the concentration and distribution of the latest TSS condition and its effect on water quality parameters in the waters of Sayung. The sampling method is using purposive sampling, with the stations spread out along the coastal area of Sayung, the main data consist of current, tide, bathymetry, coastline and water quality, and the secondary data consist of RBI map and tide forecasting, those data is analyzed numerically and statistically. TSS value ranged between 23,1-199,6 mg.L-1, the distribution of TSS is simulated in the condition of ebb to tide with current speed ranged between 0-0.41 ms-1, that distribution also influenced by physical water factors such as salinity, temperature, and density and has  impacts to enhancing the turbidity and indirectly decrease the photosynthesis activity and inhibit the oxygen cycle in the Sayung waters.
Pengaruh Nitrat (NO3) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Alami Eceng Gondok (Eichornia crassipes Solms.) Berdasarkan Biomassa Basah Di Danau Batur, Kintamani, Bali
Authors: Prayuda Lisa Rosalia , Arthana I Wayan , Dewi Ayu Putu Wiweka Krisna
Published: April 2018

Batur Lake is one of the natural lakes in the province of Bali where the activity of fishing, agriculture, tourism and housing available. This study aims to determine the effect of nitrate relation to the natural growth of the water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes). Increased water hyacinth biomass in Songan station is the highest among the three other stations (Batur, Buahan, and Trunyan). At the end of the study (day 42 ), water hyacinth biomass of Songan station increased by 338.2 % from the initial weight, while at another station the increase weight  ranges from 75 % -158 %. The highest daily growth rate in Trunyan station 3.68% / day, and the lowest in station Buahan which only reached 0.88% / day. At the Songan station where are many floating net which contribute to increase nitrate. There is a tendency of growth of water hyacinth faster at higher nitrate conditions. Nitrate conditions ranged from 0,35 to 0,62 m /l which shows that the waters of Batur Lake classified into waters that have a high fertility rate (eutrophic).
Distribusi Nitrat dan Fosfat Secara Spasial dan Temporal Saat Musim Barat Di Permukaan Perairan Teluk Benoa, Bali
Authors: Rahayu Ni Wayan Sukma Taraning , Hendrawan I Gede , Suteja Yulianto
Published: April 2018

Benoa Bay is an estuary that effected by pollutan from river and human activity. Reasearch on spatial and temporal distribution of nitrate and phosphate has been conducted in Benoa Bay. Data was collected at water surface during ebb from December 2016 to Februari 2017. There were19 Sampling pointlocated in Benoa Bay and 6 pointslocated in rivers around Benoa Bay. Nitrate was analysed using Brucine method and phosphate was analysed using Amm-Molybdat method. The concentration of nitrate from December 2016 to February 2017 ranged from 0,036 mg/L to 1,154 mg/L and the concentration of phosphate ranged from undetectedto 0,739 mg/L. The concentration of nitrate at rivers ranged from undetectedto 3,584 mg/L andthe concentration of phosphate ranged from undetectedto2,405 mg/L. The concentration of nitrate and phosphate from December 2016 to February 2017 was fluctuating and the highest average concentration of nitrat and phosphate was found in February 2017. These was due to high rainfall in February 2017 and cause a lot of organic matters carried by the rivers into Benoa Bay. The highest distribution concentration of nitrate and phosphate was found around estuary. These due to input of organic matters from mainland through the rivers. Based on water quality standards of Bali Goverment, the concentration of nitrate and phosphate was exceeds the seawater quality standart.
Struktur Komunitas Uca Sp Di Kawasan Teluk Benoa Pada Karakteristik Substrat Yang Berbeda
Authors: Loviasari Ni Wayan , As-syakur Abd. Rahman , Faiqoh Elok , Dirgayusa I Gusti Ngurah Putra , Wiyanto Dwi Budi
Published: April 2018

The mangrove ecosystem is home to a variety of fauna, ranging from water animals to primates, as a breeding ground for a variety of aquatic animals such as fish, crustaceans, crabs and mollusks, as well as a place to feed a number of wildlife such as reptiles and mammals. Uca sp is one of the fauna that utilizes and helps mangrove in its ecological balance. This research was conducted on 3 mangrove areas with the purpose of knowing the types and structure of Uca sp community on different substrate characteristics, where in Mertasari mangrove have the type of sandy substrate, Muara Waduk Nusa Dua Denpasar has kind of sandy loam substrate and Tanjung Benoa has kind sandy substrate. The sampling time was conducted in December 2016 when the lowest tide of the month. Determination of stations taken at each research location (station) using purposive sampling method. From the results of the study found Uca sp as many as 5 types, namely Uca cryptica, Uca dussumieri, Uca rosea, Uca cryptica and Uca crassipes. The highest density of Uca sp that is at station 2 located in Muara Waduk Nusa Dua Denpasar is 52,75 ind/m2 and lowest at station 3 in Tanjung Benoa get 32,25 ind /m2. The index values ??of the diversity of the three research stations are categorized into low diversity. In all three research stations categorized into uniformity index with depressed community or low uniformity. Based on the calculation on the three stations have a high dominance index.
Perbandingan Laju Pertumbuhan Tukik Penyu Lekang (Lepidochelys olivacea) dengan Pemberian Pakan Ikan Tongkol, Udang Rebon Kering dan Pakan Campuran
Authors: Lazaren Cornelia Coraima , Karang I Wayan Gede Astawa , Faiqoh Elok
Published: April 2018

The population of olive ridley has declined in Indonesia, so that efforts are needed to preserve this turtle population through conservation. In conservation of olive ridley, the selection of the precise feed will affect for a good growth. Feed that has high protein content one of them is dried rebon shrimp and tongkol fish. The utilization of feed from dried rebon shrimp and tongkol fish, especially mix feed of these two feeds for olive ridley baby is still very limited information. This research aims to determine the comparison growth rate of olive ridley with a feeding of tongkol fish, dried rebon shrimp and mixed feed also to know the percentage of feed efficiency. The research was conducted for six weeks at the conservation center TCEC Serangan, Bali. The design method used was Completely Randomized Design (CDR) with one control and three treatments, each treatment getting five repetitions. ANOVA analysis was used to analyze the mean differences between groups and the calculation of feed efficiency was performed to see the percentage of feed that was most efficient in the body of the hatch. The results showed different feeds gave different growth rates. The high protein on mixed feeds has produced the highest growth rates compared with dried rebon shrimp and tongkol fish feed. Similarly, the percentage efficiency of mixed feed is more efficient compared with dried rebon shrimp and tongkol fish feed.
Tingkat Pencemaran Berdasarkan Saprobitas Plankton di Perairan Pelabuhan Benoa, Kota Denpasar, Provinsi Bali
Authors: Damayanti Ni Putu Eva , Karang I Wayan Gede Astawa , Faiqoh Elok
Published: April 2018

Plankton is organism that susceptible to environmental changes that used as indicator of environmental pollution by saprobic index because plankton has important role in affecting the water primary productivity. The research about plankton saprobic in Benoa Harbour is never done before. The aim of this research is to explain the structure of community and the level of plankton saprobic at Benoa Harbour. This research using random sampling method for determine the station. The result explained that there was 17 species of plankton in the waters of Benoa Harbor from two classes such as Bacillariophyceae, Dinophyceae on phytoplankton and from five classes such as Magnoliopsida, Malacostraca, Maxillopoda, Globothalamea and Hexanauplia on zooplankton. The total abundance of plankton ranges from 1.117.172 Individual / Liter- 1.626.163 Individual / Liter. The zooplankton diversity index in the waters of Benoa Harbor ranges from 1.06 to 1.58 and phytoplankton ranges from 1.02 to 155. This indicates that the value of diversity in all observation stations is categorized into low biodiversity. Zooplankton evenness index value in the waters of Benoa Harbor ranged from 0.73-0.88 and phytoplankton ranged from 0.71-0.96. This indicates that the index of evenness is relatively high. The dominant value of zooplankton in the waters of Benoa Harbor ranges from 0.24-0.43 and phytoplankton ranged from 0.22-0.41. This indicates that the dominance is relatively low. Saprobik Index (SI) value ranges from 1.0-1.6 and Tropic Saprobic Index (TSI) ranges from 1.76-1.96. This indicates that the waters of Benoa Harbour is categorized mild contaminated conditions until not contaminated.
Kelimpahan dan Keanekaragaman Polychaeta pada jenis mangrove yang berbeda di Tahura Ngurah Rai
Authors: Priyandayani Luh Pt , Hendrawan I Gede , Karim Widiastuti
Published: April 2018

Mangrove at Tahura Ngurah Rai Bali contributes the organic material into environment. Polychaeta is one of the main benthic macrofauna that has important role in accumulating organic material to mangrove ecosystem. The purpose of this research is to explain the abundance and diversity of Polychaeta such as Rhizophora mucronata, mix mangrove and Sonneratia alba at Tahura Ngurah Rai. The sampling of Polychaeta using corers with diameter 17 cm and height 18 cm those sink in the substrate. The abundance was analyzed by the Krebs and diversity was analyzed by Shannon Wiener index. There were five genus of Polychaeta, such as Heteromastus, Marphysa, Laeonereis, Nereis, and Paranaitis. The highest abundance of Polychaeta was found in mixed stations (432 ± 57,37 ind/m2), and the lowest abundance was in R. mucronata (414 ± 79,93 ind/m2). The abundance of Polychaeta in the three stations did not differ significantly because it was influenced by the dominant substrate of sandy clay. The highest Polychaeta diversity was found in S. alba (0,704), followed by the mixed station (0,642), and the lowest was in R. mucronata. The value of Polychaeta diversity on the three stations differed significantly because of the comparison between the type and total number of individuals in each station that varied. The Polychaeta diversity index in the three stations is low, while the Polychaeta abundance value in each station is quite abundant. The result showed that the stability of the Polychaeta community in the mangrove ecosystem is unstable.
Pertumbuhan dan Produktivitas Daun Lamun Thalassia hemprichii (Ehrenb) Ascherson di Perairan Tanjung Benoa, Bali
Authors: Santoso Budi , Dharma I Gusti Bagus Sila , Faiqoh Elok
Published: April 2018

Thalassia hemprichii is one of the seagrass as favorite food of two protected herbivores such as Green Turtle and Dugong. The existence of Thalassia hemprichii and knowing the growth rate becomes very important for sustainability of two herbivores. The study was conducted in Tanjung Benoa waters that covering three parts of the coast such as Samuh, Conrad and Tanjung beach in February until March 2017. Thalassia hemprichii leaves growth is observed consist of long and heavy growth (dry weight) and measured leaf age that has been observed such as young, half old and old leaves. The method that used to measure the growth of Thalassia hemprichii is pruning method and determination the research location using purposive sampling method. The aim of this research is explained the growth rate, biomass, and productivity of young leaves, old leaves of Thalassia hemprichii in Tanjung Benoa Bali. Measurement results of Thalassia hemprichii growth between age group of leaves has different young leaves faster growth if compared with the half old leaves and old leaves with average growth is 3.41mm/day indicates that the efficiency of this seagrass growth will decrease as the leaves age. The highest biomass values ??were found in older leaves if compared with young leaves and half-old leaves with average 0.205 gbk/m2 expected because the thick and wide leaf size will produced larger leaf biomass. The highest productivity value is found in oldest leaves in each station with average 0.028 gbk/m2/day expected morphology and different nutrient content in each leaf tissue.
Kondisi Kesehatan Karang Genus Porites di Perairan Jemeluk dan Penuktukan-Bali
Authors: Mellani Ni Luh Putu Febbi , Hendrawan I Gede , Karim Widiastuti
Published: April 2018

This research was conducted to determine the coral health condition of genus Porites at Jemeluk beach and Penuktukan beach with the different of reef geomorphology. Coral reef data was collected  for two days in Jemeluk beach (reef flats) in March 2017 and in Penuktukan beach (reef slope) in April 2017. Each observation location consisted of 3 stations parallel to the coastline. Observation of coral health data using belt transect method size 2 x 25 m with width of 1 meter each to left and right side. Photo documentation was performed on coral reefs of Porites and subsequently identified the types of diseases and forms of health problems using Coral Disease Handbook, Guidelines for Assessment, Monitoring and Management. The types of coral diseases found in both beaches are ulcerative white spot and white plague. The number of dominant colonies that infected with the disease was found on Jemeluk beach which has coastal morphology of coral reefs. The coral health conditions of the genus Porites found on Jemeluk and Penuktukan beaches are in an unhealthy condition. Compromised health is dominant in Jemeluk beach, this is estimated to be caused by the presence of river flow at observation sites which  is relatively high. In addition, the coral reef morphology in Jemeluk beach is reef flat causing the reefs in this area to be more susceptible to damage.
Kandungan Nitrat, Fosfat Dan Pertumbuhan Biomassa Basah Kiambang (Salvinia molesta) Di Perairan Danau Buyan, Buleleng, Bali
Authors: Purnamawati Ni Wayan Indah , Arthana I Wayan , Saraswati Suprabadevi Ayumayasari
Published: April 2018

The objective of this research was to determined the relationship between nitrate and phosphate content on the growth of wet biomass Salvinia molesta in Buyan Lake, and also to know the difference of growth of Salvinia molesta in each station with different treatment. The research was conducted from February to March 2017 at Buyan Lake. Biomass measurements and water sampling were carried out at 4 stations with a plot of each treatment. The measurement of wet-biomass were carried out in situ by measuring at each treatment and for measuring the nitrate and phosphate content performed in the laboratory. The result showed that nitrate correlated with biomass growth of Salvinia molesta at the lowest treatment with R2 value of 0,105 and the  highest at quarter treatment with value R2 of 0,889. The phosphate relationship with the lowest wet biomass growth was at full treatment with the R2 value of 0.042 and the highest in the quarter treatment with the R2 value of 0.936. The highest growth was found in station 1 and the lowest growth at station 4. For each treatment, the highest growth treatment was in a quarter treatment.
Illuminating Villages and Minds in Rural Peru
Authors: Beatty Hannah , Johnson Pauline , Johnson Phillip W. , Todd Beth
Published: April 2018

The University of Alabama (UA) Engineers Without Borders™ student chapter has been working for four years with several remote villages in the Amazon Basin in Peru. During the 2006 evaluation project students interviewed villagers and conducted testing to determine the most pressing infrastructure needs: safe water, septic systems, lighting, and communications. In the third year, 2008, a student team began to address the lighting problem by working with the villagers to install photovoltaic solar panels in Amazonian villages. These test installations have been monitored by in-country NGO project collaborators and will continue to be field-evaluated. Meanwhile identical solar units were evaluated in a controlled study at UA during the months of July through September of 2009. The photovoltaic panels were assessed for voltage and current variation with surface and ambient temperature, varying cloud cover and precipitation events. System light outputs were evaluated for luminance. As a whole the systems were also judged based on their performance in on-site operation, maintenance, sustainability and environmental impact. The systems were rated using a comparative weighting and scoring table. Based on the results of the study, two of the systems evaluated were found suitable for large-scale deployment in areas such as the Amazonian region in Peru. Assessing the experience in a post-trip survey, students identified the particular strengths of the

program as the development of teaming, communications, and experiential learning skills.
Water Quality Degradation after Water Storage at Household Level in a Piped Water System in Rural Guatemala
Authors: Lacey Steven , Lopez Ramon , Frangos Charles , Khodadoust Amid
Published: April 2018

In response to a rural community’s concern regarding diarrheal disease, particularly among children, a field assessment was performed to determine the concentration of 4 classes of indicator bacteria: aerobic bacteria, total coliform, fecal coliform and Escherichia coli. Matched supply tap and storage container samples were taken from 28 households; two additional samples were taken at the main storage tank. Total and free chlorine concentration was also determined for each sample. While nearly all samples taken from household taps were near or below limits of detection, samples from storage containers all showed high densities of indicator bacteria and one was positive for Salmonella. All chlorine measurements indicated concentrations of < 0.5 ppm. These data suggest that while the source well water shows indicator bacteria concentrations at or below limits of detection, drinking water becomes significantly more hazardous while in storage containers at the household level, and this reflects insufficient chlorination. An uninterrupted and adequately chlorinated water supply system is planned to eliminate the need for drinking water storage at the household level.
The Impact of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) on Community Pharmacy
Authors: JAWLA SUNIL , Rai Durg Vijay
Published: April 2018

Information and communication technologies (ICTs) are transforming health services throughout the world. Health information and technologies (HITs) involve application of information processing using computer for storage, retrieval, sharing and use of information and knowledge for communication by a pharmacist. Similarly electronic prescription (EP) services have made the dispensing and reimbursement processes more efficient. Maintenance of patient record become easy by using ICTs. Barcode identification of medicines can be used to reduce medicine administration errors and to improve the medication history of patients. Telecare using digital communications technology provides healthcare consultations and other health care services to rural, old & handicap patients easily and improves their access to healthcare by reducing their hospital attendance. In developing countries like India, it is quite a challenging task to provide access to information and communication technologies. As the geographical diversity is also a challenging for implementation of ICTs at everywhere. Information and technologies are giving a way to access the data all over the globe. ICTs have brought transformation in education in all over the world. Information and technologies are removing barriers from learning education. ICT applications are becoming indispensable tools for traditional and vocational education. In the field of pharmaceutical sciences, ICTs can further enhance the quality of education. As lots of modifications and newer drugs are coming in the market, it is quite a challenging task to a pharmacist to update knowledge to serve the society in an efficient way. ICT can be utilized in health care to improve quality of patient centric services.
Study on the stability of a shear-thinning suspension used in oil well drilling
Authors: Fagundes Flávia M. , Santos Nara B.C. , Damasceno João Jorge R. , Arouca Fábio O.
Published: April 2018

In order to avoid solid-liquid gravitational separation of particles in the drilling fluid and cuttings generated in this process, the oil industry has been developing drilling fluids with shear-thinning and thixotropic characteristics. In case of operational stops in the drilling process, the intense sedimentation of these particles can damage the equipment used and the well. In this context, this study simulated an operational stop to obtain information about stability of solids in a paraffin-based suspension with time-dependent shear-thinning behavior, which has already been used in current drilling processes. A long-term test using gamma-ray attenuation technique identified the separation dynamics of a set of micrometric particles belonging to and incorporated into the drilling fluid during operation. This test verified the typical regions of gravitational sedimentation and, through constant concentration curves, indicated that the sedimentation process did not occur at a constant rate. This study also proposed a constitutive equation for pressure on solids.
PENGARUH SIKAP DAN MOTIVASI TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PADA MTsN TAKERAN KABUPATEN MAGETAN
Authors: . Samsuri , Purwanto Hari
Published: April 2018

The problems faced by MTsN Takeran Kab. Magetan is that employees often face problems in the workplace, either with colleagues, superiors or the job itself. The attitude of employees in response to the work environment will be able to affect the performance of employees. The attitude of the employee must be balanced high motivation to work so that the employee's performance can be maximized. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of work attitudes and motivation on employee performance on MTsN Takeran Kab. Magetan. Based on calculations Regression Test SPPS program showed that the 21:00 version Attitude and Motivation significant and positive impact on employee performance. Thus, the higher or better attitude and motivation, the performance of employees will be increased.

 
Keywords: Attitude, Motivation and Employee Performance.
ANALISIS PERBEDAAN PELAPORAN CSR PADA BUMN DAN BUMS YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI TAHUN 2014
Authors: Sidanti Heny , Syaikhori Alfian
Published: April 2018

The purpose of this study was to analyze the empirical evidence of differences in reporting Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in state-owned enterprises and private enterprises listed on the Stock Exchange in 2014. This research is a quantitative research. The study population was BUMN and BUMS listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI). Samples are 22 companies consisting of 12 BUMN companies and 10 companies BUMS listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI). The analysis technique used using independent samples t-test. The results showed that there was no significant difference between Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) of the company's state-owned enterprises with private enterprises in terms of economic sectors. A description of the analysis showed that CSR BUMN in sectors of the economy is greater than the company BUMS, but the differences were considered less significant. There were no significant differences between the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) of the company's state-owned enterprises with private enterprises in terms of the environmental sector. A description of the analysis showed that CSR state-owned companies in the environmental sector is greater than the company BUMS, but the differences were considered less significant. There are significant differences between the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) of the company's state-owned enterprises with private enterprises in terms of the employment sector. A description of the analysis showed that CSR state-owned enterprises in the employment sector is greater than the company BUMS, and the difference is considered to be very significant CSR.

Keywords : BUMN , BUMS, CSR
A Photoactivatable α5β1-Specific Integrin Ligand
Authors: Vakkeel Roshna , Farrukh Aleeza , Campo Aranzazu del
Published: April 2018

In order to study how dynamic changes of α5β1 integrin engagement affect cellular behaviour, photoactivatable derivatives of α5β1 specific ligands are presented in this article. The presence of the photoremovable protecting group (PRPG) introduced at a relevant position for integrin recognition, temporally inhibits ligand bioactivity. Light exposure at cell-compatible dose efficiently cleaves the PRPG and restores functionality. Selective cell response (attachment, spreading, migration) to the activated ligand on the surface is achieved upon controlled exposure. Spatial and temporal control of the cellular response is demonstrated, including the possibility to in situ activation. Photoactivatable integrin-selective ligands in model microenvironments will allow the study of cellular behavior in response to changes in the activation of individual integrins as consequence of dynamic variations of matrix composition.
Formulation and evaluation of in-situ gels enriched with Tropicamide loaded solid lipid nanoparticles
Authors: Peddappi Reddigari Jayachandra Reddy , Ramesh Yerikala , B. Kothapalli Chandrasekhar
Published: April 2018

The present research work “Formulation and Evaluation of In-situ gels enriched with Tropicamide loaded solid lipid nanoparticles”. To overcome the problems of side effects and to increase the bioavailability of tropicamide loaded solid lipid nanoparticles are containing with suitable lipids (glycerin trimyristate, Tristearin, Phosphatidylcholine & soyabean lecithin) with stabilizers (poloxamer 188) and surfactant like polysorbate 80. The interaction between drug, lipids & polymer by performing with FTIR no incompatibility with each other. The particle morphology was carried out by SEM & AFM in solid lipid nanoparticle formulation. The particle size was ranges from 213.6 ± 2.16nm to 538.0 ± 6.53 nm. The zeta potential ranges form -18.3mV to 25.6mV. The entrapment efficiency of free tropicamide was ranges from 74.13 % to 90.17%. The drug content was ranges from 0.212mg/ml to 0.912mg/ml. The SLN formulations must be transparent white colour and semi solid consistency. The pH 7.0 to 8.0 in all formulation. The gelling strength of gels TSLNGF1 to TSLNGF12 was ranges from 72 ± 1 sec to 117 ± 2 sec. The bio adhesive force was ranges from 10.12 ±1.01 dynes/cm2 to 23.12 ± 1.91 dynes/cm2. The viscosity of prepared formulation ranges from 415 ± 1.94 cps to 652 ± 1.41 cps. The spread ability studies of all formulation were ranges from 09 gms/sec to 18 gms/sec. The Accelerated stability the formulations does not undergo any chemical Changes. In vitro Franz’s diffusion studies of SLN enriched in gels TSLNGF1 to TSLNGF12 among the various formulation best formulations was TSLNGF6; its follows first order kinetics.

Keywords: Solid Lipid Nanoparticles; Tropicamide; In- situ gels; In vitro diffusion studies
Assessment of physical and physiological parameters among the male and female bakery workers from Palpa district of democratic Nepal
Authors: Bhattacharya Koushik , Bhaduri Debdatta
Published: April 2018

Nepal continues as one of the least developed economies of the world till date. The frequent changes in governance and political instability have contributed to the lack of entrepreneurial dynamism needed for stronger economic growth. Nowadays, bakery industries are the fastest growing small agro-industries leaving the footprint on day to day life in Palpa district. The male and female bakery workers of these industries experience some exigent conditions which prompted us to explore the physical, physiological, and nutritional health status of these bakery workers, with a special reference to the socio-political scenario in Nepal. This study was conducted in the Palpa district of Nepal. 78 male and 44 female bakery workers aged between 30-39 years were chosen for the study, as the young adults are more in this occupation. 38 healthy male and 26 female Bakery workers were chosen as control subjects for the study having same age group. All of them mostly were working as shopkeepers and housewives respectively from the same locality. All the different parameters were examined according to standard methods and Student’s t-test was executed to find out any significant difference (P<0.05) between the selected variables. Both the workers were noticeably healthy. But most of the female bakery workers were having obesity with significantly high obesity related parameters. Again, both the workers exhibited poor cardio-respiratory functions with significantly higher hypertension and peak expiratory flow rate and poor Physical fitness index (PFI) scores. The result suggested that both male and female bakery workers showed abominable conditions, especially the female bakery workers. Hence, there must be some acts to save them by introducing some occupational aids or planned work designs for sustainable economic development.

Keywords: Dynamisms; Bakery workers; Obesity; Occupational safety
Paklitaksel uygulanan hastalarda hipersensitivite reaksiyonları: Üç olgu sunumu
Authors: Kırca Kamile , Kutlutürkan Sevinç , Akgedik Kıymet , Doğanay Firdevs
Published: April 2018

Hipersensitivite reaksiyonları, antineoplastik ilaç
uygulamalarında ortaya çıkan acil müdahale gerektiren durumlardır. Akciğer,
meme ve over kanseri gibi malign hastalıklarda kür, kontrol ve palyasyon
amacıyla uygulanan paklitaksel, hastalarda %8-45 oranında hiperpensitivite
reaksiyonuna neden olmaktadır. Dispne, ürtiker, hipotansiyon, eritem, göğüs ve
sırt ağrısı bu hastaların hipersensitivite ile ilişkili başlıca yakınmalarıdır.
Onkoloji hemşirelerinin, kemoterapi ile ilişkili hipersensitivite
reaksiyonlarının önlenmesi, kontrolü ve yönetiminde önemli sorumlulukları
vardır. Olgu sunumlarımız, paklitaksel uygulanan hastalarda gelişen
hipersensitivite reaksiyonları ve hemşirelik girişimleri ele alınarak
tartışılmıştır.
Erciyes üniversitesi akademik personelinde engellilik farkındalığı
Authors: BAYKAN Zeynep , NAÇAR Melis , ŞENOL Vesile , ÇETİNKAYA Fevziye
Published: April 2018

Amaç: Bu
çalışmada akademisyenlerin engelliliğe yönelik algı ve tutumlarının
belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Çalışma 2015-2016 yılında yürütülen tanımlayıcı
nitelikte bir araştırmadır. Minimum örnek büyüklüğü 420 olarak
hesaplanmıştır. Oluşturulan anketler fakülte ve
meslek yüksekokul yönetimlerine gönderilmiş; anketi gönüllü olan akademik
personel kendisi doldurmuştur. Engellilere yönelik tutumları belirlemek
için “Engellilere Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. İstatistiksel
analizlerde Student t testi, One Way Anova testi ve ki kare analizi
kullanılmıştır. Bulgular:
Çalışma sonunda 658 akademik personele ulaşılmıştır.  Akademisyenlerin %24.5’inin yaşamında
engelli bir birey/bireyler mevcuttur. Birçoğunun daha çok gözle görülebilir
engellere yönelik durumları engelli tanımı içine koydukları görülmüştür.
Araştırmaya katılanların %2.3’ü engelli olmanın insana verilen bir ceza, %7.8’i
bir lütuf-armağan ve %62.9’u bir sınav-imtihan olduğunu düşünmektedir. Devletin engellilere sağladığı haklar, yasal
düzenlemeler ve uygulamalarla ilgili en az bilgi sahibi oldukları uygulamalar
burs, yurt önceliği, özel eğitime verilen maddi destek ve üniversitelerde
kurulan engellilerle ilgili birimin varlığıdır. Akademik personelin
%39.5’i Erciyes Üniversitesi’nin engellilere sağladığı hizmet ve yardımları
yeterli bulmamaktadır. %61.1’i üniversite eğitimleri süresince engelli öğrencilerin
karşılaşabilecekleri sorunları azaltmanın öğretim elemanlarının görevi
olmadığını düşünmektedir. Ölçek
toplam skor ortalaması 126.9±13.4 (min:82 max:150) olarak saptanmıştır. Alt
ölçek ortalama puanları; merhamet alt boyutu için 56.2±6.1 (29-65), sosyal
değer alt boyutu için 53.2±6.9 (33-65) ve kaynak dağıtımı alt boyutu için
17.4±2.3 (8-20) olarak hesaplanmıştır. Sonuç:
Akademik personelin engelliğe yönelik tutumları
olumlu ancak bazı konulardaki bilgileri yetersizdir.
Aproximación al estudio de la violencia psicológica en el trabajo
Authors: Guevara Ramírez Lydia
Published: April 2018

Este artículo alerta sobre las distintas formas de violencia psicológica y la manipulación que de ella hacen quienes buscan, por esta vía, llevar a sus víctimas a situaciones de estrés, a sufrir daños tanto físicos como sicológicos, aenfermarse y a tomar, en últimas, la decisión de abandonar el trabajo sin indemnización moral ni material. El problema está en que el derecho no tutela la violencia psicológica en una norma pero aún así quedan los principios constitucionales, los del derecho laboral y el orden fijado entre los seres humanos
De los sistemas locales al sistema interamericano de protección jurisdiccional de los derechos fundamentales
Authors: Flórez Gacharna Jorge
Published: April 2018

Este trabajo tiene por objeto señalar la manera en que las Cortes Suprema de Justicia y Constitucional de Colombia realizan su función con referencia a la Constitución de 1991, especialmente en relación con la protección de los derechosfundamentales, atendiendo sus competencias y estructura orgánica. Se parte de comentar lo que entendemos por Tribunal Constitucional, su evolución y sus varios tipos en Iberoamérica, así como la forma en que varios tribunales transnacionales -como la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos- se acercan a las funciones de aquellas, por ser la fiel intérprete de la Convención Americana de los DerechosHumanos
El principio de legalidad en la ley penal colombiana
Authors: Orduz Barreto Claudia Patricia
Published: April 2018

El principio de legalidad ha de ser uno de los estándares o pilares básicos en la formación del abogado, porque conlleva implícita la aplicación de la norma superior. En este orden de ideas, la normatividad penal sometida al amparoconstitucional advierte que: “Nadie podrá ser juzgado sino conforme a las leyes preexistentes al acto que se le imputa, ante juez o tribunal competente y con observancia de la plenitud de las formas propias de cada juicio.” El postulado anterior sugiere que la norma penal debe ser clara e inequívoca para que los funcionarios que deban aplicarla puedan garantizar que la conducta punible endilgada a una persona, efectivamente está descrita en la ley, así mismola conducta reprochada debe mostrar de manera diáfana y preexistente la sanción que se debe imponer, para que de esta manera sea el legislador y no el juez el que a su arbitrio disponga las sanciones, límites y cuantías a valorar.En consecuencia, no puede desconocerse la trascendental importancia de este principio, “la legalidad”, en la ley penal colombiana, pues su desconocimiento en cualquiera de las etapas procesales: indagación, investigación o juzgamientoconlleva que lo actuado sea ilegal, y que en consecuencia se pueda incoar la nulidad de lo actuado.
Fundamentación de la pena necesaria y modelo de Estado
Authors: Ulloa Ulloa Aleyda
Published: April 2018

El castigo y sus métodos, al igual que el desarrollo de la noción de pena necesaria, se apoyan en el acontecer histórico y generan discursos que responden al modelo de Estado adoptado o que se pretenda adoptar, lo cual evidencia que la necesidad de pena como límite al poder punitivo adquiere mayor relevancia en modelos en los que la dignidad humana ocupa un lugar preeminente y parten del reconocimiento delos derechos del hombre; mientras que, a partir de prácticas donde el castigo resulta desproporcionado e “inhumano” se construye un discurso justificativo paralelo.