bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HUBUNGAN ANTARA TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN TENTANG DIABETES MELLITUS DAN GAYA HIDUP DENGAN TIPE DIABETES MELLITUS DI PUSKESMAS WONODADI KABUPATEN BLITAR
Authors: Amalia Wizna Choirul , Sutikno Ekawati , Nugraheni Reny
Published: February 2020

Abstract: Based on data obtained from the office of blitar district health , the incident Diabetes Mellitus fall into the order to 8 out of 10 largest disease , puskesmas who ranks first with of diabetes mellitus are puskesmas wonodadi Diabetics Mellitus year 2014 at puskesmas wonodadi 1.178 people as much as . This research aims to understand the relationship between the level of knowledge about Diabetes mellitus and life style to puskesmas wonodadi diabetes mellitus in the blitar district . The kind of research used is analytic survey by using technic sampling purposive of sampling. Population as many as 37 respondents and 37 samples from respondents . The collection of data using a questionnaire. To analyze the relationship between the level of knowledge about diabetes mellitus and lifestyle against diabetes mellitus scene used statistical tests bivariate test with using chi square . The results of research known that the level of knowledge 10,82 percent of respondents having enough and 89,18 percent of respondents having a level of lacking knowledge . Of respondents having the style of life is not healthy by 67,6 percent while respondents who have a healthy lifestyle by 32,4 % . Of the chi square statistics showed there was an association between the level of knowledge of diabetes mellitus with an occurrence diabetes mellitus of 0,027 < α=0.05 , and there was an association between lifestyle with an occurrence diabetes mellitus of 0,049 < α =0.05 .Keywords: knowledge , life Style, diabetes mellitusAbstrak: Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh dari Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Blitar, Tipe Diabetes mellitus masuk pada urutan ke 8 dari 10 penyakit terbesar, puskesmas yang menempati urutan pertama dengan penyakit Diabetes mellitus adalah puskesmas Wonodadi. Penderita Diabetes mellitus tahun 2014 di Puskesmas Wonodadi sebanyak 1.178 orang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan tentang Diabetes mellitus dan gaya hidup terhadap Tipe Diabetes Mellitus di Puskesmas Wonodadi Kabupaten Blitar. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah survey analitik dengan menggunakan tehnik sampling purposive sampling. Populasi dan sampel sebanyak 37 responden. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Untuk menganalisis hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan tentang Diabetes mellitus dan gaya hidup terhadap Tipe Diabetes mellitus menggunakan uji chi square. Hasil penelitian diketahui sebesar 10,82% responden memiliki tingkat pengetahuan cukup dan sebesar 89,18% responden memiliki tingkat pengetahuan kurang. Responden memiliki gaya hidup tidak sehat sebesar 67,6%. Dari uji statistik chi square menunjukan ada hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan tentang Diabetes mellitus dengan Tipe Diabetes mellitus sebesar 0,027 < α= 0,05, dan ada hubungan antara gaya hidup dengan Tipe Diabetes mellitus sebesar 0,049 < α= 0,05.Kata kunci: pengetahuan, gaya hidup, diabetes mellitus
HUBUNGAN ANTARA FERTILITAS, MORTALITAS, DAN MIGRASI DENGAN LAJU PERTUMBUHAN PENDUDUK
Authors: Ainy Hidayatul , Nurrochmah Siti , Katmawanti Septa
Published: February 2020

Abstract: The low rate of population growth in Klojen Districts, cause the population in the region continues to decrease. Reduced population will affect the availability of human resources in the Klojen District. Therefore, conducted a study entitled "The relationship between Fertility, Mortality and Migration with Population Growth Rate”. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of fertility, mortality and migration to the rate of population growth. This type of research is an explanatory survey. Subjects in this study amounted to 11 urban villages. Data collection using documentation data. Data analysis technique used is a Rank Order technique from Spearman. The results of this study indicate that: (1) The value ρ arithmetic of fertility 0.67 > value ρ table 0.591. (2) The value ρ arithmetic of mortality 0.44 < value ρ table 0.591. (3) The value ρ arithmetic of in-migration 0.12 < value ρ table 0.591. (4) The value ρ arithmetic of out-migration -0.08 < value ρ table 0.591. The conclusion of this study: (1) there is a significant relationship between fertility with population growth rate. (2) there is no significant relationship between mortality, in-migration , and out-migration with population growth rate.Keywords: Fertility, Mortality, Migration, Population Growth RateAbstrak: Rendahnya laju pertumbuhan penduduk di Kecamatan Klojen mengakibatkan jumlah penduduk di wilayah tersebut terus berkurang. Berkurangnya jumlah penduduk akan berdampak pada ketersediaan sumber daya manusia yang ada di wilayah Kecamatan Klojen. Oleh sebab itu, dilakukan penelitian dengan judul “ Hubungan Fertilitas, Mortalitas dan Migrasi dengan Laju Pertumbuhan Penduduk”. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh fertilitas, mortalitas dan migrasi terhadap laju pertumbuhan penduduk. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian survey bentuk explanatory. Subjek dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 11 kelurahan. Pengumpulan data menggunakan data dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan berupa teknik Rank Order dari Spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Nilai ρ hitung fertilitas 0,67 > nilai ρ tabel 0,591. (2) Nilai ρ hitung mortalitas 0,44 < nilai ρ tabel 0,591. (3) Nilai ρ hitung migrasi masuk 0,12 < nilai ρ tabel 0,591. (4) Nilai ρ hitung migrasi keluar -0,08 < nilai ρ tabel 0,591. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini: (1) ada hubungan yang signifikan antara fertilitas dengan laju pertumbuhan penduduk. (2) tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara mortalitas, migrasi masuk dan migrasi keluar dengan lajunpertumbuhan penduduk.Kata Kunci: Fertilitas, Mortalitas, Migrasi, Laju Pertumbuhan Penduduk
Memorias del Primer Encuentro de Investigación en Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo
Authors: Vivas-Manrique Samuel David
Published: February 2020

La investigación en el campo del ser humano y su entorno laboral requiere ser fortalecido en los programas de formación de pregrado y posgrado, de modo que cada vez sea mayor el conocimiento que desde los claustros universitarios se genera por parte de investigadores, docentes, estudiantes, grupos y semilleros de investigación. Este es un ejercicio a realizarse en red, pues las alianzas académicas facilitan la creación, desarrollo y divulgación de proyectos que enriquecen el saber - hacer de la disciplina en pro de la protección y prevención de los riesgos laborales que pueden afectar el bienestar y calidad de vida del trabajador y la continuidad de las organizaciones.  Con este propósito, la Universidad Libre y la Corporación Universitaria Minuto de Dios, ambas con sede en Cali, Colombia, realizaron el Primer Encuentro de Investigación en Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo, llevado a cabo el 6 de junio de 2019, cuyo objetivo fue el de propiciar un espacio para la divulgación de los avances y resultados de investigación de los docentes, estudiantes y semilleros de las universidades del Suroccidente colombiano que ofrecen programas de pregrado y posgrado relacionados con la Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo. Bajo la metodología de ponencias orales, póster y taller, docentes investigadores, estudiantes y semilleristas de las universidades Santiago de Cali, Antonio José Camacho, Libre de Cali, Uniminuto sedes Buga, Buenaventura, Pereira y Cali presentaron sus propuestas, avances y resultados de proyectos de investigación en curso o finalizados en temas de salud mental laboral, riesgo psisoocial, discapacidad y trabajo, peligros emergentes, teletrabajo, peligros físicos, biomecánicos y químicos. Estas son las memorias de un primer encuentro que espera consolidarse como un espacio donde la investigación es la protagonista en la búsqueda de entornos laborales que protejan la vida, el bienestar y la salud de los trabajadores, beneficiando también con ello a las organizaciones y sistemas de seguridad y riesgos laborales.
ITD Data Quality Maturity (A Case Study)
Authors: Zangana Hewa Majeed
Published: February 2020

Nowadays, more and more organizations are realizing of importance of their data, because it can be considered as an important asset in present nearly all business organizational processes. Information Technology Division (ITD) is a department in the International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) that consolidates efforts in providing IT services to the university.

The university data management started with decentralized units, where each center or division has its own hardware and database system. Later it improved to become became centralized, and ITD is now trying to one policy across the whole university. This will optimize the high performance of data management in the university. A visit has been done to ITD building and a presentation has been conducted discussing many issues concerning data management quality maturity in IT division at IIUM. We got some notices like server’s room location, power supply and backup and existence of data redundant. These issues are discussed in details in the next sections of this paper and some recommendations are suggested to improve data quality in the university.

The quality of the data is very important in decision making, especially for a university that is trying to improve its strategy towards a research university and rise its rank among the World University Ranking.
LIFE EXPECTANCY: A Brief International Comparison
Authors: Pettingill Bernard F. , Goldenberg David I. , Tewes Federico R.
Published: February 2020

Life-expectancy data are essential to many fields, notably demography, health care, insurance, military recruiting, and forensic economics. Professionals using global rankings find life expectancy data misleading. Policymakers need a standard protocol to measure and track life expectancies. A case study comparing four countries’ life-expectancy data against the U.S. found skewed population data caused by different definitions and different formulas across different countries. Only the U.S. Life-Expectancy Tables made adjustments for both infant mortality and fertility rates. Absent a standard protocol to measure and track life expectancies, policymakers will continue to reach wrong conclusions. A worldwide standard protocol would require all counties to define life-expectancy data in the same way, calculate life expectancy values in the same way, and uniformly adjust for rates of both infant mortality and fertility. The significant changes called for will not come quickly, but we surely can suggest a starting basis.
Democracia deliberativa, participação e desigualdade no Brasil. Notas sobre um debate
Authors: Rodrigues Luis Carlos Freitas , De Castro Fábio Fonseca
Published: February 2020

A Democracia Deliberativa idealizada por Habermas converge os diversos atores e discussões para uma esfera pública pautada pelo diálogo racional, o envolvimento dos diversos agentes sociais e o esclarecimento contínuo como parâmetros para uma efetiva participação do cidadão em um complexo cenário político. No Brasil, após a promulgação da Constituição de 1988, surgiram diversas tentativas de construção institucional na direção de uma esfera púbica mais democrática e com maior participação popular, que não logrou êxito em sua plenitude, como se percebe ao se constatar a participação ainda incipiente da maioria dos cidadãos junto à sua esfera pública, mesmo diante de processos estabelecidos que favoreceram iniciativas de ampliação da participação e do controle social.Palavras-chave: Democracia Deliberativa. Participação. Estado. Esfera Pública. Desigualdade.
Theoretical Features of FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) and its Influence to Economic Growth
Authors: Bekmurodova Gavkhar
Published: February 2020

There are numerous positive effects of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) influencing on both the micro and macro levels. The purpose of this research is to identify and analyze management approaches to attract FDI. This study is aimed to offer a basis for future empirical investigation into FDI attraction and FDI intentions at the structural level. FDI influences significantly on the economic growth of the host country and the constancy of its macroeconomic performance. A methodical approach providing a solid base for empirical research is defined. In this systematic approach, research design, measurement tool development, data collection and preparation are included.
A CULTURA NO LICENCIAMENTO AMBIENTAL: A ANUÊNCIA DO INSTITUTO DO PATRIMÔNIO HISTÓRICO E ARTÍSTICO NACIONAL (IPHAN)
Authors: Bonfim Paôla Manfredini Romão , Henkes Jairo Afonso , Guimarães Geovan Martins
Published: February 2020

Em tempos de ampla discussão sobre os parâmetros que definem o Licenciamento Ambiental no Brasil um fator segue ainda amplamente desconhecido do público empresarial e quiçá das próprias agências governamentais: a cultura. Conforme preceitua a Resolução Conama nº 001/1986, nos dados sobre o meio socioeconômico nos estudos de impacto ambiental devem considerar os sítios e monumentos arqueológicos, históricos e culturais da comunidade e também as relações de dependência entre a sociedade local onde o empreendimento será instalado. O órgão responsável pela anuência no que tange os aspectos socioeconômicos atrelados ao que diz respeito à proteção do patrimônio cultural é o Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional (Iphan). Esse artigo tem por objetivo apresentar o arcabouço legal que sustenta a participação da Autarquia Federal no processo de licenciamento, bem como detalhar quais os procedimentos técnicos necessários para a obtenção da anuência do Iphan na liberação de empreendimentos.
A RELEVÂNCIA DA EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO DA SUSTENTABILIDADE: UMA BREVE ANÁLISE
Authors: Ramos Albanice Souza dos , Fonseca Paulo Rogério Beltramin da , Nogueira Eulina Maria Leite , Lima Renato Abreu
Published: February 2020

Atualmente, a educação ambiental e desenvolvimento sustentável são temas importantes e recorrentes, que nos fazem refletir sobre a necessidade de fazer algo para preservar o meio ambiente. O presente estudo apresenta por objetivo analisar a importância da educação ambiental para o desenvolvimento da sustentabilidade por meio de um estudo bibliográfico. O levantamento de dados foi realizado nas bases de dados no Google acadêmico, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), PubMed, Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e MEDLINE (Literatura Internacional em Ciências da Saúde), acessadas por meio da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), entre 1988 a 2018, em português e/ou inglês, utilizando os descritores educação ambiental, sustentabilidade, ação antrópica, meio ambiente e globalização. Com base nos resultados obtidos, verificou-se que surgiram vários movimentos e organizações em prol da preservação do meio ambiente e consequentemente, da manutenção da vida, tendo em vista que ambas as questões estão intrinsecamente relacionadas. Obviamente, a crise ambiental é uma das questões fundamentais enfrentadas pela humanidade e exige a necessidade de uma mudança de mentalidade, em busca de novos valores e uma ética em que a natureza não seja vista apenas como fonte de lucro e passe, acima de tudo, a ser enfocada como meio de sobrevivência, para as espécies que habitam o planeta, inclusive o homem.
GESTÃO PARA A SUSTENTABILIDADE NO AMBIENTE RURAL
Authors: Marques Jonathas Gomes de Carvalho , Paixão Simone Karine Silva da , Lyra Marília Regina Costa Castro , Carvalho Renata Maria Caminha Mendes de Oliveira , Silva Ronaldo Faustino da
Published: February 2020

O Brasil tem se destacado com grandes arrecadações no PIB a partir dos avanços do setor primário, totalmente dependente dos sistemas de produção agropecuária e das agroindústrias. Com essa utilização dos recursos naturais, os impactos ambientais gerados também aumentam com o crescimento da produção. Entre eles, destaca-se o uso intensivo de agroquímicos, lançamento de resíduos das agroindústrias inadequadamente. Dessa forma, o presente estudo objetivou identificar as cinco principais culturas agrícolas e as quatro agroindústrias importantes no cenário dos agroecossistemas nacionais, fazendo uma análise da sustentabilidade do meio rural brasileiro. Para tanto, foram utilizados dados secundários de artigos, dissertações, visando embasar e agregar dados confiáveis para este estudo sobre as culturas: Arroz, Soja, Milho, Cana-de-Açúcar e Café, além da análise das agroindústrias de laticínios, além de processamento de bovinos, aves e suínos. Essas atividades tem um alto poder poluente para o Meio Ambiente se não forem manejados da forma correta. Dentre os impactos, destaca-se a poluição atmosférica pela queimada, lançamento de rejeitos, além do alto consumo hídrico. No entanto, já se visualiza ações e tecnologias como alternativas sustentáveis para esse cenário como o reaproveitamento do bagaço e vinhaça para alimentação de animais e fertirrigação.
INDICADORES DE SANEAMENTO BÁSICO NA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO RIO DOS SINOS
Authors: Bassan Dilani Silveira , Da Silva Julio Cesar Dorneles
Published: February 2020

O presente artigo apresenta os indicadores de saneamento básico na Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio dos Sinos (Rio Grande do Sul – Brasil) considerando os dados disponíveis nos mais recentes relatórios dos planos existentes: o plano regional de saneamento básico e o de bacia hidrográfica (também conhecido como Plano Sinos), os quais foram contratados pelo Consórcio de Saneamento Básico da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio dos Sinos (Pró-Sinos). Planos estes que foram viabilizados por recursos captados pelo Pró-Sinos junto ao Fundo Nacional do Meio Ambiente (FNMA – Ministério do Meio Ambiente), para o Plano de Bacia, e Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento (PAC – Ministério das Cidades), para o plano regional de saneamento. A pesquisa tem caráter qualitativo e um estudo bibliográfico e documental. Por fim, observou-se que os indicadores de saneamento básico estão bem abaixo do considerado normal para atender uma escala de desenvolvimento, bem como, há necessidade de maiores investimentos para ampliar a cobertura de saneamento.
ANÁLISE DOS DETERMINANTES DO CONSUMO DE ÁGUA NOS MUNICÍPIOS BRASILEIROS, 2010 A 2015.
Authors: Da Cruz Felipe Ponciano , De Oliveira Bruno Ferreira
Published: February 2020

O trabalho estimou a demanda municipal por água utilizando a base de dados do Sistema Nacional de Informações sobre Saneamento (SNIS) entre 2010 e 2015, juntamente com o Produto Interno Bruto (PIB) per capita proveniente do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE), no total foram utilizadas 28.431 observações, em um painel não balanceado com efeitos fixos, abrangendo no total 5.105 municípios. O valor estimado para a elasticidade preço, (-0,166), indica que a demanda é inelástica em relação ao preço. A elasticidade renda, (0,04), indica que um aumento de 1% no PIB per capita provoca o aumento de apenas 0,04% no consumo per capita de água. Já com relação às características das prestadoras, os municípios atendidos por prestadoras locais consomem, em média, 30,1% a mais de água do que os atendidos por prestadoras regionais. No que diz respeito à gestão, os municípios atendidos por prestadoras privadas consomem, em média, 10,3% menos água do que os atendidos por prestadoras públicas. Em relação às características operacionais selecionadas, os sinais encontrados estão de acordo com o esperado, mas os coeficientes apresentam valores baixos, indicando pouca relevância no consumo municipal de água.
The Development of Teaching Materials Lecture of Fiction Based Tidayu Culture Integrated Mobile Learning
Authors: Susan Neni Triani  , Eti Sunarsih
Published: February 2020

This research based on students by difficulty in understanding analysis prose in lecture study prose fiction. Learning are now more led to the topic on local wisdom. West kalimantan constituting a province that has many tribes. Three large tribe living in west kalimantan, tionghua, dayak, and melayu. This study focused on tidayu folklore. So learning lecture study prose fiction developed into the development of material lecture prose fiction based tidayu culture integrated mobile learning. Problems in this research is how vaidty, practicality and effectivity whether the use of teaching lecture study prose fiction based tidayu culture integrated mobile learning in learning the prose fiction in STKIP singkawang. The research method used in this research is a research and Development (R&D) method of development with ADDIE research approach. The research period was held from March to July 2019 at the STKIP Singkawang. The test subjects in this study were students of the Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia study Program of semester III as many as 17 students. Results of the study showed that the teaching materials of prose fiction based  Tidayu culture integrated mobile learning in the students of Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia program study STKIP Singkawang is valid, practical and effective in application on the learning process.

 

Keywords: development, prose fiction, tidayu culture, mobile learning
Development of Contextual Based Narrative Writing Module for Grade X Student of SMK
Authors: Putri Wulandari  , Awani Manurung  , Salamuddin Selian
Published: February 2020

This study aims to describe the development of modules, validation of module development, and improve the learning outcomes of contextual based narrative writing. This research was conducted in class X SMK Ar-Rahman, Medan.The method used is a research and development method. Researchers use expert/expert validation and students to produce products and test the effectiveness of the product.The results obtained from this study: first, the development of contextual writing narrative essay writing modules is needed and appropriate by both teachers and students in the learning process.Second, the results of the validation carried out by experts / experts on the contextual writing narrative essay writing module are very good and worthy of being used as modules with an average percentage rating of 86% and are in the category of "very good", the results of individual trials obtained an average value an average of 87%, the results of small group trials obtained an average value of 88%, and the results of limited field trials obtained an average value of 92%.Third, the development of contextual writing narrative essay writing modules can improve student learning outcomes. This can be seen from the average pretest score of 61, while the average posttest score of 88 with an effectiveness level of 88% is in the "very good" category.

 

Keywords: development, module, writting narrative essays, contextual

 

Abstrak

 

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pengembangan modul, validasi pengembangan modul, dan meningkatkan hasil belajar menulis karangan narasi berbasis kontekstual. Penelitian ini dilakukan di kelas X SMK Ar-Rahman, Medan. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian dan pengembangan. Peneliti menggunakan validasi pakar/ahli dan siswa untuk menghasilkan produk serta menguji keefektifan produk. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini: pertama, pengembangan modul menulis karangan narasi berbasis kontekstual sangat dibutuhkan dan sesuai oleh guru maupun siswa dalam proses pembelajaran. Kedua, hasil validasi yang dilakukan oleh pakar/ahli terhadap modul menulis karangan narasi berbasis kontekstual bernilai sangat baik dan layak digunakan sebagai modul dengan presentase penilaian rata-rata sebesar 86% dan berada pada kategori “sangat baik”, hasil uji coba perorangan diperoleh nilai rata-rata 87%, hasil uji coba kelompok kecil diperoleh nilai rata-rata 88%, dan hasil uji coba lapangan terbatas diperoleh nilai rata-rata 92%. Ketiga, pengembangan modul menulis karangan narasi berbasis kontekstual dinyatakan dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari nilai rata-rata pretest sebesar 61, sedangkan nilai rata-rata posttest sebesar 88 dengan tingkat efektivitas 88% berada pada kategori “sangat baik”.

 

Kata kunci: pengembangan, modul, menulis karangan narasi, kontekstual
Intensitas Warga High Reputation Dalam Melaporkan Informasi Keluhan Aplikasi Qlue : Studi Gamefikasi Dalam Aplikasi Smartcity
Authors: Muhammad Radityo
Published: February 2020

Pada saat ini saluran komunikasI berupa aplikasi menjadi platform yang digunakan oleh masyarakat di DKI Jakarta. Oleh karena itu Pemerintah Daerah DKI Jakarta menyediakan platform smartcity sebagai sarana keterlibatan warga dalam menyampaikan aspirasinya kepada pemerintah. Dengan adanya saluran ini maka terjadi komunikasi dari warga ke pemerintah. Peneliti mencoba menganalisis seberapa antusias warga dalam melaporkan permasalahan kota dengan mengukur itensitas warga. Pengukuran itensitas menggunakan metodelogi data science yaitu dengan menggunakan big data untuk melihat prilaku manusia. Peneliti menemukan bahwa gamifikasi yang berbentuk permainan pelaporan dapat meningkatkan intensitas pelaporan warga mengenai keluhan kepada pemerintah.
Pendidikan Anti Hoaks Era 4.0 Perspektif Al-Qur’an
Authors: Shunhaji Akhmad
Published: February 2020

Perkembangan teknologi komunikasi di Era 4.0, memunculkan berbagai macam berita hoaks yang dapat dikonsumsi oleh berbagai kalangan masyarakat. Munculnya berita hoaks yang demikian masif, telah dipaparkan dampak serta penyelesaiannya di dalam Al-Qur’an. Tetapi, sebagian besar masyarakat muslim belum menyadarinya. Tulisan ini, menggali ajaran-ajaran Al-Qur’an tentang kemungkinan adanya hoaks melalui berbagai perkembangan media dan penyelesaiannya. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, Penulis memaparkan sebagian data hoaks yang berkembang di Era 4.0, melakukan kajian, dan menemukan langkah solutif untuk menyikapi hoaks menurut Al-Qur’an. Hoaks selalu terjadi dalam sejarah kehidupaan maanusia. Hoaks memiliki sisi negative yang merusak banyak pihak. Bahkan, hoaks dapat mengganggu stabilitas kehidupan. Oleh karena itu, hoaks perlu disikapi secara bijak.  Pendidikan anti hoaks perspektif Al-Qur’an merupakan upaya maksimal dalam menyikapi hoaks melalui pengembangan kesadaran theogenetis. Dalam tulisan ini, ditemukan bahwa theogenetis merupakan potensi individu yang memiliki peran penting dalam menghadapi permasalahan hidup, termasuk menyikapi permasalahan hoaks secara bijak.

Kata Kunci:  Pendidikan, Hoaks, Perspektif Al-Qur’an
An Innovative Spacer System Designed with Biodegradeable Polymer and Loss Circulation Material to Aid in Formation Damage Control
Authors: Ramos Violeta , Doan Angela , Ekwue Ann-Marie , Kellum Matthew
Published: February 2020

In offshore drilling technology, spacers are used prior to the cementing job for wellbore cleaning and improving cement bonding. Spacers are also used for remedial purposes such as formation damage control or prevention of further formation damage. Lost circulation is one of the major issues encountered when dealing with a damaged formation and must be assessed immediately and ceased before further issues occur. This proprietary spacer contains a blend of coarse, granular, organic, biodegradable material and can seal up to 4 mm gaps. In this paper, we discuss an optimum spacer with a novel biopolymer and loss circulation material which are used successfully for cementing jobs under challenging loss circulation conditions.

This study explains the performance of this optimum spacer. The optimum spacer has been successfully applied on offshore wells specifically for preventing and remediating lost circulation issues while cementing. The rheological properties of the spacer at both ambient and elevated temperature were analyzed and reported. The compatibility tests between the spacer and drilling fluid and cement slurry were also conducted along with the sealing properties of the spacer. The sealing properties were determined in a fluid loss cell with 20/40 frac sand, and were also tested through a particle plugging apparatus at various gap measurements.

In this study, spacer compositions and densities were adjusted to examine effects on rheology and stability of the solids within the system at ambient and elevated temperature. Also, this novel spacer improved the compatibility with synthetic/diesel-based drilling fluid and cement with less or no viscosification compared to commercial spacers. In addition, the spacer shows to effectively seal 20/40 frac sand at 100 psi as well up to a 4 mm gap at 1000 psi. The first case history for this technology has been successfully completed and are presented and discussed in detail.

The innovative spacer system is proven within this paper to add significant value to extreme cementing operations by improving and maintaining impressive sealing capabilities and can reduce formation breakdown and fallback of cement tops. The spacer comes along with advantages that include compatibility with various drilling fluids and cement. This spacer is environmentally friendly and applicable in both vertical and horizontal wells. In addition, the spacer will form a seal to minimize filtrate invasion into the formation, effectively reduce loss circulation and enhance hole-cleaning prior to cement placement.
Spatial and Temporal Patterns in Particle Retention in Vuggy Porous Media
Authors: Khan Hasan Javed , Prodanovic Maša , DiCarlo David
Published: February 2020

Permeability interpretation of well logs in carbonates is difficult due to the vuggy porosity and its connectivity and, on top of it, potential formation damage in and around the vugs. Here we perform an experimental study to determine how single and multiple vugs alter particle retention and ultimately permeability.

We previously devised a way to create repeatable vuggy media with different vug spatial distribution (Khan et al., 2019). Vugs are created by adding dissolvable salt inclusions to a 1.0 mm glass bead mixture placed in a graphite mold and sintering in a muffle furnace in the presence of air. Flooding the core after it cools dissolves the salt and creates void spaces. We then inject smaller-sized (50 micron) glass beads in the top-down direction in the porous medium, and perform time-lapsecomputed tomography (CT) scans for measuring spatial distribution of injected particles.

We find that initially the injected particles deposit at the upstream side of the vug, with minimum deposition in the matrix. Deeper in the core and at later times, the injected particles start depositing as a layer on the wall of the vug, reducing its cross-sectional area. Thickness of the layer increases with time, rough undulations fill out first, and results in a smooth exterior surface. The behavior rapidly changes as we go past the center of the vug (largest vug cross-section), with little to no particle deposition observed on the walls of the vug. The maximum change in this region is observed at the bottom of the vug, where the particles are trapped as they are exiting the vug. Deposition in the matrix increases with time, with particles being deposited later in the regions furthest away from the vug. We conclude that the flow converges at the top of the vug, resulting in higher particle-particle interactions and therefore higher deposition. The permeability contrast bends the streamlines towards the top half of the vug, with particles being deposited on the walls of the vug. In the bottom half of the vug, the streamlines are exiting along the side walls of the vug. Gravity dominates particle transport and they drop to the bottom of the vug.

We present a novel study that shows the development of particle retention patterns in a vug-matrix system over time and space and the influence of a vug on particle deposition in the matrix and/or the other vugs. This could potentially revolutionize permeability interpretation of well logs in vuggy carbonates.
Numerical Investigation of Wormhole Formation During Matrix Acidizing of Carbonate Rocks by Coupling Stokes-Brinkman Equation with Reactive Transport Model Under Radial Flow Conditions
Authors: Yuan Tao , Qin Guan
Published: February 2020

Matrix acidizing of carbonate formations has been widely used as a practical stimulation technique to improve well performance near the wellbore. The principle of a matrix acidizing treatment is to create wormholes by the dissolution of carbonate rocks. The dissolution pattern can affect the efficiency of the acidizing based on the flow conditions. The actual acidizing treatments are performed by injecting acidic fluid into the formation through a wellbore resulting in a radial flow in the porous media. Consequently, a mathematical model under radial flow conditions can accurately characterize mineral dissolution patterns, which provide valuable guidelines for designing of acidizing treatments.

In this paper, we have developed a 3D mathematical model that couples the Stokes-Brinkman equation and reactive-transport equations under radial flow conditions, which has been utilized for modeling the mineral dissolution processes during the acidizing treatment. We have developed and implemented a numerical procedure that solves the Stokes-Brinkman equation and the reactive transport equations by the staggered grid finite difference method and the control volume finite difference method in cylindrical coordinates, respectively, in a sequential fashion. Numerical validation and experiments have been performed using the proposed numerical solution procedure.

Two dimensionless numbers, Damköhler number (Da) and Peclet number (Pe), are used in the simulation study to characterize the competitive coupling effects among the advection, diffusion, and chemical reactions. We have performed the numerical experiments to investigate the type of dissolution correlated to the variations of Da and Pe numbers based on the synthetic radial core-flooding scenarios. The numerical results demonstrate that the proposed model is capable of describing the matrix acidizing treatments under radial flow conditions due to the advantage of the Stokes-Brinkman equation for flow in fractured porous media. The Da and Pe numbers are two crucial factors that can affect flow conditions, transport behavior of solute, and chemical reactions. Mineral dissolution patterns take different forms according to various Da and Pe numbers and various alterations of rock properties are obtained accordingly. In addition, the emergence of the wormhole structure during the injection of acid is discussed in this paper.

This work presents a 3D mathematical model allowing us to simulate a matrix acidizing process at exact downhole environments. We present the numerical experiments and sensitivity studies of mineral dissolution in carbonate rocks to investigate the coupling effect of fluid flow and reactive transport process on the wormhole formation for a better matrix acidizing design in field operations.
Upscaling Laboratory Formation Damage Test Data
Authors: Byrne Michael , Djayapertapa Lesmana , Watson Ken , Kandasamy Ram
Published: February 2020

Laboratory formation damage testing is often used to assist in the selection of optimum drilling and completion fluids. Most test procedures (e.g. sand retention, return permeability) represent an attempt to simulate near wellbore conditions during well construction and production. Return permeability tests may enable comparison of fluids and drilling and completion methods, but by definition remain small scale simulations. The permeability changes measured may be indicative but are rarely used to predict the overall impact on well performance. What degree of permeability impairment is allowable? Some further interpretation is required, which cannot be provided for using classical nodal analysis or reservoir simulation methods.

The impact of formation damage on overall well productivity or injectivity depends on the magnitude and distribution of the damage. In order to translate laboratory data into quantitative well predictions it is necessary to represent the degree of restriction and the geometry of the damaged zone or zones in a full well simulation. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations provide a means to upscale suitable laboratory test data to predict impact on well performance. Different magnitudes of damage derived from laboratory test data can be simulated and the impact on overall well performance predicted for different completion environments.

Upscaling reveals that in some wells laboratory measured formation damage has little impact on well performance. Of course if damage is severe then impact is severe but it is critical to consider the well length, reservoir quality, drive mechanism and the well completion in order to fully understand the implications suggested by laboratory test data.

This paper demonstrates through several case histories applications of CFD modelling to upscaling of laboratory measured formation damage. Moreover, the real implications for well and completion design are revealed. The value of laboratory testing is quantified and some interesting challenges to conventional wisdom are proposed.
Formation Damage Evaluation in Naturally Fractured Reservoirs Using a Laboratory-Calibrated Multi-Phase Flow Numerical Simulator
Authors: Díez Kelly , Bueno Nicolás , Mejía Juan , Restrepo Alejandro , Vallejo Juan
Published: February 2020

In this work a numerical simulation model is presented to evaluate the effect on productivity of the filtration, transport and retention of particulate material, as well as geomechanical effects during drilling operations in naturally fractured reservoirs. The model proposed consists of a Black Oil flow simulator developed under a dual permeability approach, coupled to a stress-sensitive fracture width and a filtration models. The phenomenological model studied allows to investigate the effect of the particulate material in the reduction of permeability due to the combined effect of the invasion of solids, and the sensitivity to stress. Laboratory oil displacement tests over a fractured core allowed to calibrate relative permeability curves and fracture conductivity. The system was then subjected to a dynamic filtration experiment, which captured filtration rates and volumes, enabling to calibrate filtration parameters. A successful match of volumes and pressures drop was obtained, assuring the representativeness of the whole model. A well simulation was performed to analyze the effect of fracture properties on productivity. This model complements an effort made by industry and academia to understand the filtration mechanisms occurring in naturally fractured reservoirs, maximize the laboratory investment by means of a unique phenomenological model that couples multiphase transport with solids entrance and mudcake build up equations. This model, together with current mud design technologies will help to novate the way the drilling fluids are being engineered to maximize investment return.
Profiling the Production Performance of Five HPHT Gas Condensate Wells Drilled and Completed with High-Density Cesium Formate Fluids in the Brent Group Formations of the Kvitebjørn Field
Authors: Downs J. D. , Fleming N.
Published: February 2020

This paper provides insights into the long-term production performance of a set of five HPHT wells drilled and completed with SG 2.0 cesium formate fluids across the entire sequence of gas-filled Brent Group reservoir formations of the Kvitebjørn field during the period 2004/5.

Three of the wells were completed in open hole with screens and the other two with cemented and perforated liners. All of the wells cleaned up naturally during production start-up. Well logs run in the first series of wells drilled and completed with cesium formate fluids provided enhanced reservoir information indicating improved reservoir quality which translated into a 33% increase in the Hydrocarbon Pore Factor (HCPF). After a year of production from these wells a new updated reservoir evaluation, factoring in the improved reservoir quality and more reservoir volume, increased the overall Kvitebjørn recoverable gas reserves by 50% to 79.97 GSm³ of gas and 30.13 million Sm³ of condensate. As a result of this evaluation the expected recoverable reserves for the first five production wells drilled in 2004/5 rose from 32.7 GSm3 to 48.3 GSm3 for gas and from 12.3 MSm3 to 14.8 MSm3 for condensate.

Apparent reductions in well productivity indices (PI) of 20-80% were measured in the first 5-7 years of production. The PI reductions could have resulted from a combination of scaling, condensate banking, reservoir compaction or even problems with the PI estimations. One of the wells with a liner completion was re-perforated twice (in 2012 and 2015) and another well with a screen completion was perforated through blocked screens in 2015, but the remaining three wells have continued to produce without intervention for 14 years. The cumulative gas production from the five wells up to October 2018 stood at 60.1 GSm3, which is already 24 % higher than the mean total recoverable reserves predicted in the 2006 reserves evaluation and almost double the figure anticipated in the original 2004 field development plan. The cumulative condensate production over the same time stood at 20.4 MSm3, which is 38 % higher than the mean total recoverable reserves predicted in the 2006 reserves evaluation and almost double the figure anticipated in the original 2004 field development plan.

In laboratory formation damage tests conducted at 150°C the oil permeability of a Kvitebjørn reservoir core plug flooded with a sample of the cesium formate drilling fluid recovered from the field after use in all five wells was reduced by 65% from 29 mD to 10.2 mD. This very valuable test may now allow a retrospective evaluation of the predictive value of that particular laboratory-based return permeability test method used to assess the formation compatibility of that formate fluid twelve years ago.
A Review of Organic Acids Roles in Acidizing Operations for Carbonate and Sandstone Formations
Authors: Alhamad Luai , Alrashed Ahmed , Al Munif Eiman , Miskimins Jennifer
Published: February 2020

Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is the acid of choice for acidizing operations in most carbonate formations and is the base acid commonly paired with others such as hydrofluoric (HF) in most sandstone applications. However, high dissolving power, high corrosion rate, lack of penetration, and sludging tendency coupled with high temperature can make HCl a poor choice. Alternatively, weaker and less corrosive chemicals such as organic acids can be used instead of HCl to avoid these issues. The objective of this paper is to provide an intensive review on recent advancements, technology, and problems associated with organic acids. The paper focuses on formic, acetic, citric, and lactic acids.

This review includes various laboratory evaluation tests and field cases which outline the usage of organic acids for formation damage removal and dissolution. Rotating disk apparatus results were reviewed to determine the kinetics for acid dissolution of different minerals. Additional results were collected from solubility, corrosion, core-flooding, Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscope Diffraction (SEM) tests.

Due to their retardation performance, organic acids have been used along with mineral acids or as a stand-alone solution for high-temperature applications. However, the main drawback of these acids is the solubility of reaction product salts. In terms of conducting dominant wormhole tests and low corrosion rating, organic acids with low concentrations show good results. Organic acids have also been utilized in other applications. For instance, formic acid is used as an intensifier to reduce the corrosion rate due to HCl in high-temperature operations. Acetic and lactic acids can be used to dissolve drilling mud filter cakes. Citric acid is commonly used as an iron sequestering agent.

This paper shows organic acid advances, limitations, and applications in oil and gas operations, specifically, in acidizing jobs. The paper differentiates and closes the gap between various organic acid applications along with providing researchers an intensive guide for present and future research.
Downhole Scales Associated with October Field Formation Waters and Water Injection Using a Shallow Aquifer
Authors: Askar Mohamed , Abdallah Ahmed , Gad Ibrahim
Published: February 2020

Gulf of Suez Petroleum Company (GUPCO) has been producing from October field since 1977. Currently the total daily production from the field is 80 MBFPD with average water cut 76 %. October field contains four formations with extremely different characteristics. Each formation has unique combination of lithology, downhole conditions, and formation water chemistry.

Through the whole life of October field, more than 300 downhole scale samples were collected, in addition to more than 180 wellhead water samples were completely analyzed. This set of data can be used to categorize formations according to their capability to deposit a certain type of inorganic scale. After reservoir depletion, sea water had been used in water injection. By the time, field needs changed and a shallow water aquifer replaced sea water in supporting some reservoirs. Several compatibility tests and scale tendency calculations had been done before using the shallow aquifer (Zeit formation).

Each well was experiencing different production conditions which dedicated deposition of certain types and amounts of inorganic scale. Scale deposition depth depended on the degree of mixing between incompatible waters, and the introducion of pressure or temperature changes along wellbore. After water breakthrough, some pressure-supported wells faced some carbonate scale deposition due to the dissolved carbon dioxide in Zeit water. Generally, Zeit formation can be used as a good alternative for sea water in water injection projects in Gulf of Suez area. Some formations contain a self-scaling water which has the ability to deposit sulfate and sulfide scales without mixing with any other water e.g. Nubia formation water. Sea water cooling, in offshore wells, usually forces scale deposition at shallow depths especially against the downhole safety valve and Christmas tree valves.

This study is expected to be a good tool in recommending scale inhibition methods or products for new wells drilled in October field or any analogous field. This study can compensate for the gap between commercial scale prediction software and actual scale deposits, as most current software products rely only on thermodynamic equations for surface-collected water samples.
Perforating Crushed Zone Fracture Mechanism
Authors: Craddock G. G. , Rios Federico
Published: February 2020

Perforations are used to flow hydrocarbons into a well. Impeding that flow are damaged zones from drilling and the crushed zone lining the walls of perforation tunnels into the rock. In addition, charges can affect a region beyond the crushed zone. This region is termed the "fracture damage zone," and the nature of this region is examined in this paper. The fracture damage zone is the area where the concrete model shows altered effects. This region of damage is not necessarily failed, but is the most likely region of fracture. This work discusses the use of a shock hydrocode to delineate this region. Because the hydrocode is a continuous code, specific fracture paths are not predicted. The code is run for big hole (BH). deep penetration (DP), and fracture (Frac) shaped charges. The damaged region is compared for the types of shaped charges. Simulation results indicate that the region of fracture damage follows the bow shock. This semicircular bow shock region continues propagation after the jet has stopped, but eventually diminishes outward from the jet origin. Generally, the BH charge has a wider damage region than the DP charge, with the DP charge damage region being narrower and deeper than the BH (because of the depth of penetration). The damage zone of the Frac charge is between those of the BH and DP charges. In addition, the damaged region may not be sufficiently affected to actually create failure caused by fractures. "Distance" to the fracture limit is characterized. This ready-to-fracture region is discussed in terms of making it a failed fracture region by external influences, such as propellant stimulation.