bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rebounding Ability of Weaver Ants, Oecophylla longinoda Latreille (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Cashew Farming Systems in Tanzania
Authors: Nene Wilson , Rwegasira Gration M.
Published: May 2023

The African Weaver antOecophylla longinodaholds a potential of being a vital component in Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programs. However, its exploitation in cashew production systems in Tanzania which relies heavily on the use of synthetic insecticides such as Lambda cyhalothrin for the control of cashew bugs (Helopeltisspp.) had been uncertain. This study examined the possibility ofO. longinodarebounding back after spraying Lamda cyhalothrin to control insect pests during cashew fruiting season. The population abundance ofO. longinodaand their predation efficiency onHelopeltisspp was determined. The study findings suggest that two to three spraying regimes of the insecticide significantly (P<0.001) reducesO. longinodapopulation abundances. The averageO. longinodapopulation declined from a range of 201-500 (average 350.5 insects) per cashew tree to 21-50 (average 35.5 insects) per tree. However, we recorded a quick recovery ofO. longinodapopulation of up to >500 insects per tree (score index 5) when favourable conditions were restored immediately after the fruiting season. On predation efficiency,O. longidodasignificantly (P<0.001) performed equally to Lambda cyhalothrine in reducingHelopeltisspp. Thus, under suitable conditions,O. longinodahas ability to quickly build up to high populations and adequately suppresses the cashew pests. Conclusively, the present study indicated that,O. longinodaas the predator holds great potential in transforming from conventional to organic cashew production system in Tanzania.
Population impact of malaria control interventions in the health district of Kati, Mali
Authors: Katile Abdoulaye , Sagara Issaka , Cissoko Mady , Bationo Cédric Stéphane , Dolo Mathias , Dembélé Pascal , Kamate Bourama , Simaga Ismaila , Sissoko Mahamadou Soumana , Landier Jordi , Gaudart Jean
Published: May 2023

Background: WHO and its partners have adopted alternative control interventions since the failure to eradicate malaria worldwide in the 1960s and 1970s. The aim of these interventions has been to redesign the control interventions to make them more effective and more efficient. The purpose of this study is to assess the population impact of control interventions implemented at the community health area level.
Methods: The analysis used data from the health information system on malaria cases and interventions (distribution of long-lasting insecticide-treated nets (LLINs), seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC), access to rapid diagnostic tests (RDT), intermittent preventive treatment for pregnant women (IPT)) collected in the Kati health district from 2017 to 2020. And the contextual parameters (temperature, normal difference vegetation index (NDVI) and rainfall) were obtained by remote sensing. A generalizedadditive model was used to assess the impact of malaria control interventions on malaria cases as a function of meteorological factors.
Results: The incidence of malaria varies from year to year and from health area to health area, as do meteorological factors in the study area. The distribution of long-lasting insecticide-treated nets, chemoprevention of seasonal malaria in children and access to rapid diagnostic tests for malaria were found to have a significant impact on the incidence of malaria in the population. Seasonal malaria chemoprevention was effective in reducing the incidence of malaria, while distribution of long-lasting insecticide-treated nets and access to rapid diagnostic tests increased with the number of malaria cases, reflecting efforts to distribute and use bed nets and to diagnose malaria cases among the population in the study area.
Conclusion: The study showed the impact of SMC on reducing malaria cases in the population and the significant efforts in LLIN distribution and malaria case diagnosis. To further reduce the burden of malaria, sustained efforts and new interventions are needed, including improving access to rapid diagnosis and treatment in communities.
Designing Precise Ossicular Chain Reconstruction with Finite Element Modelling
Authors: Mohseni-Dargah Masoud , Pastras Christopher , Mukherjee Payal , Cheng Kai , Khajeh Khosro , Asadnia Mohsen
Published: May 2023

The disruption of the middle ear ossicles, specifically the incus, can occur due to various factors like infection, tumours, and trauma. This can lead to ossicular discontinuity, which causes conductive hearing loss (CHL). A commonly used therapeutic approach to address CHL is Ossicular Chain Reconstruction (OCR), which involves placing a prosthesis between the tympanic membrane (TM) and the stapes structure to restore hearing. However, current solutions for incus replacement in OCR have a high failure rate of around 40% within five years, mainly due to material biocompatibility, biomechanics, and prosthesis anchoring. To minimize extrusion and improve prosthesis stabilization, an implant customized to the patient's middle ear anatomy could utilise the protective effects and natural amplification of the native ossicular chain, while also eliminating direct contact with the malleus handle or TM. In this study, we developed and validated a novel Finite Element (FE) model for the middle ear to evaluate anatomically-modelled prosthetic incus, inspired by healthy incus geometry and made of different biomaterial candidates, including titanium, hydroxyapatite (HA), and tricalcium phosphate (TCP). The results of our biomechanical analyses indicate that the proposed FE model, which included the prosthetic incus, closely mimicked the normal middle ear vibration. This suggests that titanium, HA, and TCP may be useful materials for ossicular prostheses. Furthermore, our study highlights the potential of an anatomically modelled prosthetic incus as a promising option for OCR. This paper lays the foundation for designing personalized OCR using FE modelling, potentially leading to substantial improvements in hearing outcomes for patients.
Functional and Clinical Outcomes of Delusional Disorder and Schizophrenia Patients after First Episode Psychosis: a 4-year Follow-up Study
Authors: Hui Christy Lai Ming , Chan Evie Wai Ting , Hui Priscilla Wing Man , Tao Tiffany Junchen , Ho Elise Chun Ning , Lam Bertha Sze Ting , See Sally Hiu Wah , Suen Yi Nam , Chang Wing Chung , Wa Sherry Kit , Lee Edwin Ho Ming , Chen Eric Yu Hai
Published: May 2023

BackgroundLiterature has typically associated delusional disorder with a poorer prognosis relative to schizophrenia, without considering the confounding effect of age despite a differential age of onset. This study therefore aims to investigate the diagnostic stability, clinical, functional, and neurocognitive differences of Chinese first-episode psychosis age-matched patients with delusional disorder and schizophrenia at four years.Methods71 delusional disorder and 71 age-matched schizophrenia patients were followed up for four years after their initial episode. Their symptoms, insight in psychosis, side effects of medication, medication compliance, functioning, and neurocognitive performance were assessed at four years.ResultsAt four years, 65% of DD patients maintained the same diagnosis, while the rest shifted to SZ. Only those without a diagnostic shift were included in the analysis. Delusional disorder patients (N = 46) experienced more general symptoms and poorer insight, but better attitude towards medication than schizophrenia patients (N = 71). Social and occupational functioning, quality of life, and cognitive functioning, however, were similar in delusional disorder and schizophrenia patients.ConclusionsResults indicate delusional disorder is less diagnostically stable than schizophrenia. Their outcomes in a Chinese population were largely similar at four years after removing the confounding age factor, implying that delusional disorder and schizophrenia may not be as distinct as previously thought.
Inhalable N-Acetylcysteine loaded PLGA composites for Tuberculosis: In Vitro Aersolization and Efficacy Studies
Authors: Chaudhary Kabi Raj , Puri Vishal , Singh Arti , Singh Charan
Published: May 2023

N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) is a precursor of Glutathione (GSH) which possess an immense potential of mucolytic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties against several diseases including tuberculosis. Since last several decades, NAC is being primarily used to treat lung conditions as well as paracetamol-induced liver toxicity However, NAC exhibited potential antimycobacterial activity through several mechanism including immunomodulation, enhancement of GSH level, and by direct antimycobacterial effect. Herein, we synthesized and characterized lactose coated N-acetylcysteine loaded PLGA composites (NAC-PLGA@Cs) by double emulsion solvent evaporation technique. The physicochemical characterization studies revealed the compatibility of the drug with excipients. Moreover, NAC-PLGA@Cs showed particle size with 310 ± 5.5nm, PDI with 0.15 ± 0.1, and zeta potential with − 11.5 ± 0.4 mV. In vitro release study suggested the biphasic release profile. Likewise, in vitro lung deposition studies revealed remarkable lung deposition parameters, indicating effective particles size for efficient pulmonary delivery. Additionally, in vitro study for antimycobacterial activity exhibited superior antibacterial activity against MTB H37Rv. Subsequently, we hypothesized that NAC incorporated PLGA composites could be a novel approach in the battle of fighting for pulmonary tuberculosis.
Effect of crowding on teamwork in the resuscitation room
Authors: Edberg Fredrik , Jehlbo Mattias , Adis Jonas , Djärv Therese
Published: May 2023

Background: Crowding, describing a state where patient demands exceed available emergency department (ED) resources, seems to be associated with patient outcomes but its effect on teamwork is unknown.
Aim: To examine how crowding affects the teamwork of ED staff in the resuscitation room. Secondarily, to assess if teamwork correlates with patients’ length of stay (LOS) in ED.
Materials and methods: Data was collected from 50 cases treated in resuscitation rooms over a 23-day period in the autumn of 2022, at the Karolinska University Hospital ED in Huddinge. The questionnaire Team Emergency Assessment Measure (TEAM) was used by staff to evaluate teamwork. The TEAM has three sub-categories and a total score, all evaluated on a 5-point Likert scale. Data was presented as median with interquartile range (IQR). Crowding was assessed binarily as a value over 1.0 for the ratio of number of patients present divided by number of beds.
Results: The median scores on TEAM for total performance was 41 (IQR 38-44) for hours with non-crowding compared to 40 (34-43) for hours with crowding (p-value 0.61). Further, no differences were found on any of the sub-categories, i.e. leadership, teamwork, and task management 7 (6-8); 26 (25-28); and 8 (7-8) compared to 8 (6-8); 26 (22-28); and 8 (7-8), respectively (all p-values >0.05). No statistically significant correlations were found between team performances and patients’ LOS.
Conclusion: Teamwork was often assessed as good or excellent by team members, during or not during crowding. However, the poorest scores on teamwork were during crowding.
Blocking MyD88 signaling with MyD88 inhibitor prevents colitis-associated colorectal cancer development by maintaining colonic microbiota homeostasis
Authors: Xie Bin , Wang Bo , Shang Runshi , Wang Lu , Huang Xia , Xie Lin
Published: May 2023

Purpose. Intestinal microbiota appears to positively correlate with tumorigenesis of CAC. It is proven that blocking MyD88 signaling can prevent colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) development in mice. We are aim to reveal the role of MyD88 signaling of maintaining colonic microbiota homeostasis for preventing CAC development.
Methods. We here analyzed the landscape of gut microbiome in the mice model of AOM/DSS-induced CAC with MyD88 inhibitor treatment.
Results. PCoA revealed significant reduction in Lactobacillus load and increase in Escherichia load in the mucosal microbial composition of mice with CAC, compared with normal controls (NCs). Inhibitor-treatment led to almost undetectable Proteobacteria (Escherichia)and the retention of the dominance of Firmicutesand Bacteroidota (Muribaculaceae) in the mucosa. RNA sequencing analysis identified genes were up-regulated (Hp, SAA3 and IL-1F9) and down-regulated (CYP3A44, SLC30A10, GPNMB and OTC) in Inhibitor-treated mice (vs. CAC). Meanwhile, Inhibitor-treated mice had higher percentage of MUC2-positive area in colon sections (vs. CAC, which was less than NCs) by IF staining and decreased Escherichiain the mucus layer (vs. CAC) by FISH. And intestinal microbiota from mice with MyD88 inhibitor treatment could lessen the outcome of CAC by fecal microbiota transplantation.
Conclusions. The development of CAC was involved in the increasing and ectopic Escherichia in the decreasing colonic mucus layer. MyD88 signaling blockade may maintain the host-microbiota homeostasis by up-regulating MUC2 production, increasing probiotics and their protective effects, and inhibiting the reproduction of Escherichia.
Reactions of chlorophyll with hydroxyl radicals via RAF, HAT and SET mechanisms: A theoretical study
Authors: Biswas Swarnadeep , Shukla Pradeep Kumar
Published: May 2023

To understand the scavenging action of chlorophyll found in most of the vegetables towards hydroxyl (OH•) radicals, its reactions with hydroxyl (OH•) radicals via RAF, HAT and SET mechanisms have been investigated theoretically using two layer ONIOM [M06-2X/6-31G(d) (High):M06-2X/3-21G (Low)] method and M06-2X/6-311 + G(d,p) level of density functional theory.It is found that RAF and HAT reactions are exergonic in both gaseous and aqueous media whereas SET reactions are endergonic in both media. However, all the RAF, HAT and SET reactions studied here are found to be more favourable in aqueous mediavs.gas phase. This study concludes that chlorophyll can efficiently scavenge OH• radicals preferably via RAF and HAT mechanisms and intake of water with chlorophyll can enhance its scavenging actions.
Development of Conserved Multi-epitopes Based Hybrid Vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 Variants; An Immunoinformatic Approach
Authors: Yaseen Allah Rakha , Suleman Muhammad
Published: May 2023

The world had faced unprecedented disruptions like global quarantine and the COVID-19 pandemic due to SARS-CoV-2. To combat the unsettling situations, several effective vaccines have been developed and are currently being used. However, the emergence of new variants and the high mutation rate of SARS-CoV-2 challenge the efficacy of existing vaccines and have highlighted the need for novel vaccines that will be effective against SARS-CoV-2 variants. In this study, we exploit all four structural proteins of SARS-CoV-2 to execute a potential vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants. The vaccine was designed by utilizing the antigenic, non-toxic, and non-allergenic epitopes of B-cell and T-cell from conserved regions of viral structural proteins. To build a vaccine construct, epitopes were connected through different linkers and adjuvants to enhance the immunogenicity and specificity of the epitopes. The vaccine construct was selected through the aforementioned filters and it scored 0.6 against the threshold of 0.4 on VexiJen 2.0 which validates its antigenicity. Toll-like receptors (TLR2–4, and TLR8) and vaccine construct were docked by Cluspro 2.0, and TLR8 showed strong binding of -1577.1 kCal/mole. To assess the reliability of the docked complexes, C-IMMSIM's immune simulations over three doses of the vaccine and iMODS' molecular dynamic simulation were executed. The stability of the vaccine construct was evaluated through the physicochemical analyses and the findings suggested that the manufactured vaccine is stable under a wide range of circumstances and has the ability to trigger immune responses against various SARS-CoV-2 variants (due to conserved epitopes). However, in order to strengthen the vaccine formulation and assess its safety and effectiveness, additional studies and research are required to support the computational data of this research at In-vitro and In-vivo levels.
Purified Cucurbitacin D leads to alterations of apoptotic and autophagic genes expression in MDA-MB-468 and MCF-7 human breast cancer cells
Authors: Zeinali Elham , Zargar Seyed Jalal , Mozdoori Najmeh
Published: May 2023

Breast cancer is the second most frequent malignancy worldwide. The use of plant-derived drugs in cancer therapy are widely considered in the treatment of different malignancies including breast cancer. Cucurbitacin D (Cu D) is able to induce apoptosis in cancerous cells through different signaling pathways. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of different concentrations of Cucurbitacin D on viability, death pattern as well as the expression alterations of Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3, p53, Atg5, Beclin-1, PTEN and Akt genes in the MCF-7 (ER positive) and MDA-MB-468 (triple negative) breast cancer cell lines. Two breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468) were cultured and treated with different concentrations of the purified Cucurbitacin D. Anti-proliferative effects of the Cucurbitacin D on both breast cancer cell lines viability was investigated using the MTT assay. Real-time PCR was applied to evaluate the expression levels of the genes upon Cucurbitacin D therapy. Significant dose-dependent and anti-proliferative effects of the Cucurbitacin D were observed on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468 cells after 24 h with IC50 value about 30 and 25 µM, respectively (P < 0.01). Significant changes in expression of the genes in the breast cancer lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468), were observed under different concentrations of Cucurbitacin D. Our results confirmed that the Cucurbitacin D may influence breast cancer cell lines viability at specific doses and by altering the expression of these genes. The differences between the gene’s aberrations in our breast cancer cell lines propose that these genes can have a distinct role in the pathophysiology and therapy responsiveness of various subtypes of breast cancer.
iMN041 is an immunotherapeutic and an effective treatment in mouse xenograft models of pancreatic cancer, renal cancer and triple negative breast cancer
Authors: Daifuku Richard , Zhang Yu , Wang Jingjing , Gu Qingyang
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND: iMN013 (5-aza-2’,2’-difluorodeoxycytidine), a DNA methyl transferase inhibitor and ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor, and its prodrug iMN041 (3’,5’-di-trimethylsilyl-2’,2’-difluro-5-azadeoxycytidine), have been shown to be active in mouse xenograft models of hematogenous and solid tumors. In a xenograft of non-small cell lung cancer (NCI-H460), iMN041 treated mice demonstrated a marked inflammatory response upon analysis of tumor histology, which was hypothesized to be mediated by upregulation of natural killer (NK) cells. This study aimed to characterize the antitumor immune responses generated by iMN041 and test the efficacy iMN041 in solid tumors with poor prognosis.
METHODS: In the Renca syngeneic mouse model, tumors were harvested following two doses of iMN041 or vehicle control, and analyzed by fluorescent-activated cell sorting for an antitumor immune response. iMN041 was also tested for tumor growth inhibition and animal survival for up to 42 days in xenograft models of pancreatic, renal, and triple negative breast cancer.
RESULTS: Tumors from mice implanted with the Renca cell line and treated with iMN041 demonstrated an increase in granzyme B in NK (p = 0.024) and NKT cells (p = 0.004), an increase in the ratios of CD8-T to regulatory T cells (Treg) (p = 0.0026) and CD4-T to Treg cells (p = 0.022) and a decrease in myeloid-derived suppressor cells (p = 0.040), compared to vehicle controls. A significant decrease in MAGE-A positive tumor cells in treated mice, concordant with a proportional decrease in all live tumor cells, suggests that these cells are one of the main targets of the activated immune system. Xenograft models of the triple negative breast cancer cell line DU4475, renal cancer cell lines 786-O and Caki-1, and pancreatic cancer cell lines CFPAC-1 and SW1990, demonstrated significantly lower tumor volumes, and, where there were a sufficient number of events, significantly improved survival in treated mice compared to vehicle control mice.
CONCLUSIONS: In mouse cancer models, iMN041 is an effective treatment for solid tumors mediated through a unique antitumor immune response.
Ethynyl-Tetrazines: A Clickable Reagent for Universal Access to Rapid and Stable Bioorthogonal Probes
Authors: Yang Haojie , Sun Hongbao , Chen Yinghan , Yuan Fang , Yang Cheng , Wu Xiaoai , Chen Wei , Liang Yong , Wu Haoxing
Published: May 2023

Despite the tetrazine bioorthogonal reaction holding immense potential in biomedical research and drug discovery, its in vivo performance has been strongly challenged by the inverse correlation between the physiological stability and reactivity of tetrazines. Moreover, the preparation of tetrazine is typically complex and requires restricted reagents. To overcome these challenges, we describe a scalable approach to synthesize a range of shelf-stable ethynyl-tetrazines. By using ethynyl-tetrazine as a clickable precursor, we can modularly access a new type of highly reactive functionalized triazolyl-tetrazines with improved stability for use in biomedical applications. We demonstrate the efficacy of this approach by efficiently constructing 18F-labeled tetrazine derivatives with radiochemical yields of up to 84%, and tunable biodistribution patterns for PET (positron emission tomography) imaging. This approach will significantly facilitate the application of tetrazine bioorthogonal chemistry in biomedical research, theranostics, and materials science.
Targeted single-particle tracking with upconverting nanoparticles
Authors: Dukhno Oleksii , Ghosh Srijayee , Greiner Vanille , Bou Sophie , Godet Julien , Muhr Verena , Buchner Markus , Hirsch Thomas , Mely Yves , Przybilla Frederic
Published: May 2023

Single-particle tracking (SPT) is a powerful technique to elucidate the behavior of biomolecules inside or on the surface of living cells in real time. SPT is based on labeling the component of interest with a phosphor or a light-scattering gold nanoparticle, and visualizing its motion by real time microscopy. However, SPT generally suffers from suboptimal performance of phosphors. For example, fluorescent dyes have poor photostability, while quantum dots suffer from sporadic blinking that hampers track acquisition and interpretation. Light-scattering gold nanoparticles require custom experimental setups and relatively large particle size for tracking purposes. In recent years, upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) have emerged as a promising phosphor that enables backgroundless anti-Stokes luminescence imaging. They are also attractive for SPT applications due to their extreme photostability and non-blinking luminescence. Previously, SPT has been used to monitor UCNP endocytosis in cells. However, targeted SPT with UCNPs that specifically bind to biomolecules of interest has not yet been achieved. In this work, we provided a first proof-of-concept experiment of targeted SPT with UCNPs and showed the superior performance of UCNPs compared to organic dyes and quantum dots. As a benchmark system to assess the performance of UCNPs, we tracked FcεRI receptors on the surface of RBL-2H3 cell membranes using UCNP-IgE conjugates and obtained good agreement with data from the literature. Importantly, the versatility of the biotin-streptavidin architecture of our system allows UCNPs to be used to track a wide range of targets. Overall, this report lays the foundation for UCNP applications in targeted SPT.
Transcriptomics reveal how circadian regulation contributes to starch hyperaccumulation in Platymonas helgolandica along with glucose
Authors: Shi Qianwen , Zhou Zuodong , Hong Zhiwei , Yang Zhi , Gao Zhengquan , Sun Liyun , Fan Jianhua
Published: May 2023

Background
Platymonas helgolandica var. Tsingtaoensis (P. helgolandica) is a marine microalga. It can produce a large amount of starch, especially amylose, with addition of carbon source and specific circadian rhythm. The mechanism behind this phenomenon is still unclear. Analysis of this mechanism can help to develop P. helgolandica into a new green bioengineering chassis organism.
Result
We explained how circadian rhythm and glucose affect the rate of starch accumulation and starch structure in P. helgolandica based on the transcriptome. The glucose inhibited the photosynthetic system of P. helgolandica, while the circadian rhythm can alleviate the inhibition. Circadian rhythm induced the up-regulation of Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas (EMP) pathway and pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) in P. helgolandica, but had little effect on the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle). PPP pathway provides Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP), which may be beneficial for dark reactions and nucleotide synthesis. And PPP pathway provides Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), which facilitates energy substance synthesis. This will further upregulate the starch metabolic pathway. The transcript level of the key gene ADP-Glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase) is mainly regulated by glucose. The granule-bound starch synthase (gbss), a key gene for amylose synthesis, is mainly influenced by circadian rhythm. In general, the increase of starch synthesis and amylose ratio requires both glucose addition and circadian rhythm.
Conclusion
We report the first referenced transcriptome of P. helgolandica. Differences between transcripts reveal how circadian rhythm and glucose addition affected the rate of starch synthesis and structural variation. It provides a reference for an in-depth study of starch synthesis in green algae.
Stratified two-stage cluster sampling using PPS in the first stage and RSS in the second stage
Authors: Yanglem Worthing
Published: May 2023

This work is an extension of stratified sub-sampling in which both probability proportional to size (PPS) sampling and ranked set sampling (RSS) is introduced for estimating the population mean. This method first stratifies the population consisting of clusters or primary stage units. Then, clusters within each stratum are selected using PPS with replacement. The selection of units in each cluster is done by RSS without replacement in the second stage of sampling. Using real-life population based on the Census of India (2011) which relates to the total number of agricultural labourers in Imphal West district, Manipur, the population mean is estimated under the proposed estimator and its efficiency with respect to the conventional stratified two-stage cluster sampling is also studied.
"Beinahe-ums-Leben-kommen-in-Regenpfützen" und "Chauvi-Macho-Macker-Stuss" – kreative Wortbildungen in Songtexten
Authors: Hein Katrin
Published: May 2023

Im Zentrum dieses Beitrags steht die Analyse kreativer Wortbildungsprodukte in Songtexten. Der Fokus liegt somit bewusst auf solchen Wortbildungen, die nicht den Weg ins Lexikon finden, sondern gerade aufgrund ihres okkasionellen Charakters einen erhöhten Grad an Expressivität aufweisen, der dann gezielt für die spezifische kreative Qualität von Songtexten genutzt wird.

Solche okkasionellen komplexen Wörter, die sich in theoretischer Hinsicht innerhalb der Domäne der ‚Extravagant Morphology‘ verorten lassen, werden über das Kriterium der Wortlänge aus dem Songkorpus herausgefiltert und im Anschluss hinsichtlich ihrer formalen sowie semantisch-pragmatischen Besonderheiten analysiert. Im Vordergrund steht dabei die Frage, wodurch die Kreativität der insgesamt 183 Bildungen des Untersuchungskorpus getriggert wird. Die Analyse zeigt, dass expressive Effekte in Songtexten offenbar sowohl durch die Verwendung markierter Wortbildungsmuster als auch durch den Rückgriff auf ‚auffällige‘ Lexik erzeugt werden. Zum einen ist der Anteil markierter Wortbildungsmuster wie der Phrasenkomposition und anderer phrasaler Wortbildungen gegenüber klassischen Textsorten wie Zeitungstexten deutlich erhöht. Zum anderen wird durch die Verwendung einer umgangssprachlichen, vulgären, brutalen oder poetischen Lexik, aber auch mit unmarkierten Wortbildungsmustern wie der prototypischen Determinativkomposition, Aufmerksamkeit erregt. Insgesamt erweist sich das Songkorpus dabei als wahre Fundgrube für kreative Wortbildungsprodukte.
PRISE EN CHARGE CHIRURGICALE DES STENOSES ANTROPYLORIQUES: A PROPOS DE 61 CAS
Authors:   CHU Mohamed VI, Universite Caddiayyad, Marrakech, Maroc., Mahamoud Saad , Erica Cherelle ,   CHU Mohamed VI, Universite Caddiayyad, Marrakech, Maroc., Rabbani Khalid ,   CHU Mohamed VI, Universite Caddiayyad, Marrakech, Maroc., Louzi Abdelouahed ,   CHU Mohamed VI, Universite Caddiayyad, Marrakech, Maroc.
Published: May 2023

La prise en charge des stenoses antropyloriques depend du stade evolutifde la stenose pouvant aller dun traitement endoscopique pour les stades initiaux jusqua la resection chirurgicale pour les stades plus tardifs. La disponibilite dun plateau technique performant constitue classiquement une des principales conditions pour la reussite de cetteattitude. Nous essayons detudier les differents aspects epidemiologiques, diagnostiques et therapeutiques de cetteaffection a travers les resultats dune serie de 61 malades. Une serie de 61 patients est prise en charge par le traitementoperatoire. La gravite des lesions est appreciee par les donnees cliniques et paracliniques , ainsi que la morbidite et la mortalite sont analysees. A linstar de la litterature, letiologie ulcereusereste de loin la plus frequente ce qui na pas concorde avec notre serie dont les stenoses cancereuses etaient les plus frequents avec une frequence de 59% dans notre contexte. La duree moyenne desurveillance etait de 7 jours. Unelaparotomie etait indiquee chez tous les patients. On avait note un taux de mortalite de 3.7% soit 4 cas. Il semble a partir de notre experience que la rapidite de la prise en charge pluridisciplinaire peut constituer une reference therapeutiquedans les pays occidentaux comme dans les pays en voie de developpement,sureetjustifiee.
CORONARY THROMBUS LOAD ON ANGIOGRAPHY IN YOUNG AND ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH ST ELEVATED MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION - AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine, Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India., Agarwal Vivek , Garg Archana ,   Associate Professor and Unit Head, Department of Ophthalmology, J L N Medical College and Hospitals, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India., Kumar Gupta Manoj ,   Assitant Professor, Department of PSM, S M S Medical College and Hospitals, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
Published: May 2023

Introduction:Acute myocardial infarction is common causes of death worldwide specially in advancing age.It is uncommon disease in young individual and its incidence varies between 2% and 10%. Lifestyle and dietary changes have lead to obesity, increase level of blood pressure, glucose and cholesterol in younger adults. As a result, these individuals are prone to increased atherothrombotic state. Methodology:A descriptive observational study was conducted from September 2015 to December 2016 after approval from institutional ethics committee and written informed consent from patients at SDMH, Jaipur. 92 patients with ST segment elevated MI were included in the study. Socio demographic, clinical, investigation & treatment information were collected. Data obtained were compiled & analyzed using Microsoft Excel and Primer software. Results:Out of 92 cases, 79 (85.9%) were male and 13 (14.1%) were female. 34 (37%) cases were in young age group (<45 yrs) and 58(63%) cases were in older age group (>45 yrs). Significant difference is observed in mean thrombus load in young age group (3.79Â±1.23) and older age group (2.86Â±1.47). Mean thrombus load was significantly more in young age group in male (3.80Â±1.22) as compared to older (2.91Â±1.41) andalso in female (3.67Â±1.52) as compared to older (2.60Â±1.77). Conclusion: The most common pathophysiology associated with ST elevated myocardial infarction was thrombus. Factors like male, young age, smoking, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and hypertensionhad high thrombus load.
La violencia de género. Entre la intersubjetividad y las relaciones de poder a través del cuerpo femenino
Authors: Rivera Vasquez Anastasia Maria
Published: May 2023

Desde una perspectiva psicosocial, este artículo hace una reflexión sobre la importancia de dar una mirada intersubjetiva a la violencia de género, considerando que es una problemática que debe ser entendida como el producto del entrecruzamiento de relaciones establecidas socialmente desde el cuerpo, el poder y las relaciones psicológicas. La violencia en las relaciones de pareja ha sido concebida históricamente como un asunto cultural. Se desarrolla en primer lugar una síntesis conceptual de género, cuerpo, estructuras psíquicas de poder, para posibilitar la apertura hacia la intersubjetividad como punto convergente entre lo social, individual y cultural, como puntos de partida para la comprensión de la violencia de género desde una mirada contemporánea.
Editorial: El arte y la sociedad
Authors: Córdoba Upegui Julio César
Published: May 2023

Es ya una luenga costumbre que cuando cualquiera de los prototipos de las sociedades entra en barrena, o por lo menos “hieden”, para “recomponer un poco” los desajustes estructurales, algún revolcón menor de las múltiples “enmiendas” políticas facilitan un nuevo aliento a lo anacrónico. Pero el arte en general no sucumbe a las lisonjas y dádivas, mantiene su posición crítica, enhiesta, descubridora y más filosa que la “navaja de Ocam”.
Presentación
Authors: Bernal Zuluaga Hernando Alberto
Published: May 2023

La revista de divulgación Poiésis publica la primera edición del año 2023, el No. 44, después de pasar por un año crítico para el mundo: los efectos del cambio climático (ya empezó la autodestrucción del planeta); la guerra Rusia-Ucrania, con todos sus efectos en la economía del mundo (inflación, crisis energética); y haber llegado a una población mundial de ocho mil millones de seres humanos. Pareciera bastante heroico llegar a un número más de nuestra revista de divulgación de la Facultad de Psicología y ciencias sociales de la renovada Universidad Católica Luis Amigó.
On the generalized Bessel potential and perfect functional completion
Authors:   Kadyrov Chechen State University, Dzhabrailov Аkhmed L. , Shishkina Elina L. ,   Voronezh State University,   Belgorod State National Research University
Published: May 2023

he class of generalized Bessel potentials is the main object of study in this article. The generalized Bessel potential is a negative real power of the operator (I − Δγ), where Δγ = (...)∂xk - Laplace - Bessel operator, γ = (γ1,...,γn) - multi-index consisting of positive fixed real numbers. When solving various problems for differential equations, proving embedding theorems for some classes of functions, and inverting integral operators, there is a need to consider functions up to some small, from the point of view of the problem under consideration, set. Often a set of Lebesgue measure zero is taken as such a small set. However, often the sets of Lebesgue measure zero turn out to be too large to be neglected. For example, when solving a boundary problem, the behavior of the solution on the boundary is essential. In this regard, there was a need to construct complete classes of admissible functions suitable for solving specific problems. N. Aronshine and K. Smith presented two stages of constructing a functional completion. The first of these is finding a suitable class of exceptional sets. The second is to find the functions defined modulo these exceptional classes that need to be attached to get a complete functional class. It turns out that there can be infinitely many suitable exceptional classes in a particular problem, but each of them corresponds essentially to one functional completion. It is clear that the most suitable functional completion is the one whose exceptional class is the smallest, since then the functions will be defined with the best possible accuracy. Whenever such a minimal exceptional class exists, the corresponding functional completion is called a perfect completion. In this paper, perfect completions are constructed from the norm associated with the kernel of the generalized Bessel potential.
On the asymptotic power of a method for testing hypothesis about equality of distributions
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Melas Vyacheslav B.
Published: May 2023

The paper is devoted to studying the asymptotic power of a method for testing hypothesis on equality of two distributions that can be considered as a generalization of Mann - Whitney -Wilcoxon test. We consider a class of distributions such that the expection of the square of an auxiliary function is finite. For the case when alternative distribution differ from the initial one only by a shift the asymptotic distribution and asymptotic power of the test are found explicitly. Up to now the power of the test was studied only by stochastic simulation.
Modeling of nonequilibrium processes behind a shock wave in a mixture of carbon dioxide and argon
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Batalov Semyon A. , Kustova Elena V. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: May 2023

A closed self-consistent model of a nonequilibrium flow of a mixture of carbon dioxide and argon behind the front of a plane shock wave is developed. The generalized Chapman - Enskog method is used in the three-temperature approach, taking into account various channels of vibrational relaxation in a carbon dioxide molecule. An extended system of Navier - Stokes - Fourier equations is written, consisting of the equations of conservation of mass, momentum and energy, supplemented by the diffusion equations of the mixture components and relaxation equations for the vibrational modes of the CO2 molecule. The closing relations for the stress tensor, diffusion velocity, heat flux and vibrational energy fluxes are obtained. An algorithm for calculating the coefficients of shear and bulk viscosity, thermal conductivity of various degrees of freedom, diffusion and thermal diffusion has been developed and implemented. The model was validated by comparison with experimental data for the viscosity and thermal conductivity of carbon dioxide and argon, as well as for the binary diffusion coefficient. Satisfactory agreement with the experiment was obtained. The dependence of the transport coefficients on the gas temperature, temperatures of vibrational modes and mixture composition is analyzed. The developed model is ready for use in numerical simulation of shock waves in a mixture of CO2-Ar.
End-user perspective of low-cost sensors for urban stormwater monitoring: a review
Authors: Zhu Qingchuan , Cherqui Frédéric , Bertrand-Krajewski Jean-Luc
Published: May 2023

The large-scale deployment of low-cost monitoring systems has the potential to revolutionize the field of urban hydrology monitoring, bringing improved urban management, and a better living environment. Even though low-cost sensors emerged a few decades ago, versatile and cheap electronics like Arduino could give stormwater researchers a new opportunity to build their own monitoring systems to support their work. To find out sensors which are ready for low-cost stormwater monitoring systems, for the first time, we review the performance assessments of low-cost sensors for monitoring air humidity, wind speed, solar radiation, rainfall, water level, water flow, soil moisture, water pH, conductivity, turbidity, nitrogen, and phosphorus in a unified metrological framework considering numerous parameters. In general, as these low-cost sensors are not initially designed for scientific monitoring, there is extra work to make them suitable for in situ monitoring, to calibrate them, to validate their performance, and to connect them with open-source hardware for data transmission. We, therefore, call for international cooperation to develop uniform low-cost sensor production, interface, performance, calibration and system design, installation, and data validation guides which will greatly regulate and facilitate the sharing of experience and knowledge.
Physical activity and exercise during pregnancy in Turkey: A narrative review
Authors: ÖZEN ORUK Dilara
Published: May 2023

It is known that physical activity (PA) in pregnancy is beneficial for both women and fetal health. For the optimal exercise prescription, healthcare professionals interested in obstetrics-gynecology should evaluate women carefully before making any exercise recommendations during pregnancy. If there aren’t any contraindications, pregnant women should be encouraged to engage in regular physical activity. This narrative review aimed to determine PA during pregnancy in Turkey. A literature search was performed in the databases. A total of 29 original articles on PA during pregnancy in Turkey were included in this present study. Eighteen studies were chosen from among these articles for analysis. Two studies assessed PA levels in pregnancy with objective/direct methods such as PA monitors and pedometers, and non-objective/indirect methods were used in all 18 studies. Regarding exercise types, the most preferred exercises during pregnancy were walking, breathing exercises, strengthening exercises, and stretching neck muscles. This narrative review revealed that the level of PA participation and the frequency of regular exercise during pregnancy in Turkey is inadequate. More studies are necessary to examine PA participation from various contexts during pregnancy in Turkey to guide interventions for improving maternal health.
The quality and reliability of Turkish websites in Google containing information about amputation rehabilitation in the shadow of the earthquake disaster
Authors: YILMAZ Ramazan , KARPUZ Savaş
Published: May 2023

Aim: Health-related online information has become an important part of patient education. In this context, we aimed to examine the information content, readability, reliability, and quality levels of websites that provide online information about amputee rehabilitation.

Methods: On April 1–7, 2023, all websites scanned by typing “amputee rehabilitation” into the Google search engine were examined. The websites are divided into two groups (group 1= hospitals, universities, health-related associations, and other official institutions; group 2= health professionals, news websites, and others) according to the creator of the websites. The information content was determined according to nine sub-topics in line with the online education programs of the Disaster Rehabilitation Working Group of the Turkish Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Association and the relevant literature. According to the readability formula of Ateşman and Bezirci-Yilmaz, reliability and quality assessments were made with the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) score, the DISCERN scale, the Global Quality Score (GQS), and the Physician’s Global Quality Score (PGQS).

Results: 109 websites were scanned, and 20 websites were included in the study, 12 (60%) in group 1 and 8 (40%) in group 2. The median of information content was 2,3 (0–7), and none of the websites had full information content. The median of the Ateşman value is 41,1 (29,5–53,0), which is difficult to read; the Bezirci-Yilmaz value was readable at the undergraduate level with a median of 15,5 (9,4–21,6). The JAMA score was 0,8 (0-3) and almost all (95%) of the websites were found to be low reliable (JAMA score ≤ 2). The DISCERN score was of very poor quality, with a median of 23,55 (16–34). GQS was 1,95 (1-3), and PGQS was 1.7 (1-3) with low quality. There was no difference between the groups or between the first two pages and the remaining pages.

Conclusion: Turkish websites providing information about amputee rehabilitation are very inadequate in terms of content, difficult to read, poor quality, and unreliable. Within the framework of these data, reliable and comprehensible online information on this subject should be provided with the necessary support of health-related public or private institutions and experienced health professionals. To be prepared for future natural disasters, health policies aiming to provide quality information online to inform the public should be developed.
Appraisal of an Innovative Surgical Approach in Treating Odontogenic
Keratocyst
Authors: Lenka Sthitaprajna , Bej Ananya , Nagarajappa Ramesh , Sahoo Swagata , Subudhi Santosh , Rathore Karishma , Rath Aditi Ava
Published: May 2023

Objective:

To estimate the recurrence of odontogenic keratocyst (OKCs) and increment of bone height upon an innovative treatment protocol of the OKC, i.e., enucleation along with the adjuvant therapy of Carnoy’s solution, followed by marsupialization.

Methods:

Twenty cases of OKC treated at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery from 2020-2021 were studied retrospectively. Clinical, radiological features and histologic features were reviewed. The patients diagnosed with OKCs were planned for enucleation with the use of Carnoy's solution and followed by marsupialization. Recurrence of the same and bone formation was analyzed concerning sites of involvement, based upon the gender and age group of patients, after undergoing the proposed treatment.

Results:

Mean age of the patients was 35.15±13.02, ranging from 11 to 56 years. Most (85%) patients were symptomatic, and the remaining (15%) were asymptomatic and diagnosed on a routine check-up. Males (65%) were mostly affected than females (35%). Mandible (75%) was the most frequent site of occurrence. Most lesions were diagnosed histologically as OKC on incisional biopsy. All patients were followed for six months, an increment of 11.11±1.68mm bone height was seen, and none reported recurrence.

Conclusions:

The steady growth of bone without any cases of recurrence was reported. Hence, clinicians can consider enucleation along with adjuvant therapy using Carnoy's solution followed by marsupialization as the treatment of choice.
Prevalence and Prognostic Factors of Cortical Laminar Necrosis in Acute
Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Wang Zhi-li , Qin Wei , Lyu Yuelei , Hu Wenli
Published: May 2023

Background:

Cortical laminar necrosis (CLN) is a specific type of cortical infarction,
and little is known about its frequency and outcomes. We aimed to investigate the prevalence and
outcomes of CLN caused by brain infarction and its prognostic factors.

Methods:

This retrospective cohort study included patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) between
2019 and 2022 and for whom magnetic resonance images obtained at our center showed
acute-stage CLN. Their medical records were collected and analyzed. An unfavorable outcome
was defined as a modified Rankin Scale score of 3-6 at 90 days. Logistic regression was performed
to identify independent predictors of an unfavorable outcome.

Results:

Among 5548 consecutive patients with AIS, 151 patients (2.7%) were diagnosed with
CLN, and 112 had CLN enrolled in the final analysis. At 90 days, 25 patients (22.3%) had an unfavorable
outcome. Compared with the favorable group, poor outcome patients had higher rates of
previous stroke (p = 0.012), higher National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores at
admission (p < 0.001), and were more likely to have early neurologic deterioration (END) (p =
0.014), diffuse ischemic lesions (p = 0.011), and lesions involving multiple lobes (p = 0.030). In
multivariable analysis, the initial NIHSS score (OR, 1.258, [95% CI 1.090 - 1.453], p = 0.002) and
END (OR, 5.695, [95% CI 1.410 - 23.007], p = 0.015) were independently associated with unfavorable
outcome.

Conclusion:

CLN is a rare ischemic event but has a good prognosis in most cases. A higher initial
NIHSS score and END may predict an unfavorable outcome.