bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER RELIGIUS DALAM NADHM ALFIYYAH IBN M?LIK F? AL-NAHW WA AL-SHARF
Authors: Mudhofar  , Durrotul Badi'ah
Published: March 2020

Kitab nadhm Alfiyyah Ibn M?lik Al-Nahw wa Al-Sharf adalah sebuah kitab mandzumah atau kitab bait nadhm yang berjumlah seribu dua bait, berirama bahar rojaz, dan membahas tentang kaidah-kaidah ilmu nahw dan ilmu Nadhm Alfiyyah Ibn M?lik Al-Nahw wa Al-Sharf selain membahas ilmu nahw dan sharf didalamnya juga terkandung beberapa nilai pendidikan karakter religius, diantaranya adalah: Jujur, Disiplin, Kerja Keras, Cinta Tanah Air, Menghargai Prestasi, dan Cinta Damai.
PATTERN OF SUBSTANCE USE AMONG MEDICAL INTERNS IN TERTIARY HEALTH CARE CENTRE OF NORTH INDIA: A CROSSECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: bhatnagar Pragati , Solanki R. K.
Published: March 2020

A cross sectional study was conducted on 236 internship students in Department of Psychiatry, SMS
Medical College. The study was intended to determine the prevalence, type and the pattern of substance
use in medical interns. A self-designed semistructred questionnaire was used for the detailed interview after taking written
informed consent from the students. Identity of the students were concealed. Data analysis was done using proportion and chi
square test as statistical test. The lifetime prevalence of substance use was 74 % in our study. Males had signicantly higher
lifetime and past month prevalence of substance use than females. Alcohol was the most commonly used substance followed by
smoking. High prevalence of substance use in medical students emerge out a crucial problem in medical students which require
an exigent need for change in interns by experienced professionals.
A COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF FLUORIDE RELEASE, RECHARGE AND RERELEASING ABILITIES OF THREE DIFFERENT RESTORATIVE MATERIALS - AN INVITRO STUDY
Authors: KUMAR C Sunil , Reddy Obula , Prasad S. Satta , Krishna N. Vamsee , Kumar S. Sunil , Babu K. S. Chandra
Published: March 2020

INTRODUCTION: The most important property of Fluoride is anti-cariogenic property which aids in
remineralization of incipient carious lesions in enamel thereby inhibiting enamel demineralization i.e. it
helps in arresting or reversal of incipient enamel lesions. A prolonged exposure of incipient carious lesions to uoride in the
aqueous phase achieves the cariostatic effect.
OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the amount of uoride released by three different Restorative
Materialsi.e. Glass Ionomer Cement, Resin Modied Glass Ionomer Cement, Cention on 1st,7th and 15th day followed by
Recharge and Re-release after recharging with various Flouride applications.
MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY: Fifteen Disk-shaped specimens for each group (8.5 mm diameter; 3 mm thickness) were
prepared from three different restorative materials using cylindrical Teon molds according to manufacturer's instructions.
The specimens in each individual group were incubated in a 95% relative humid environment at 37°C for 24 hours. Specimens
of each group were immersed in 20 ml deionized water in plastic bottles and stored in the incubator at 37°C, Fluoride
concentration was measured using a UV Spectrophotometer after 1st ,7th & 15 days.
The samples from each group were now divided into: 3 Sub Groups of ve each. Sub Group A - Control group – No topical
uoride application. Sub Group B - The samples were recharged with 2% Neutral Sodium Fluoride solution for 4 minutes and
washed with copious deionized water for 10 sec and dried on absorbent paper. Sub Group C - The samples were recharged by
hand brushing with a Fluoridated brushing Dentifrice for four minutes and then wiped clean with a tissue and rinsed for 10 sec
using copious deionized water and dried. Measurement of uoride Re-release is done by UV Spectrophotometer after 1st ,7th
and 15thday after recharge.The results were statistically analysed using analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA) and Tukey
Kramer multiple comparison tests (p≤0.05).
RESULTS: Independent of the observation time period of thestudy the Conventional GIC released the highest amount of
uoride followed by RMGIC & CENTION. The initial burst effect was seen with GIC'S but not with RMGIC, CENTION. After
topical uoride application uoride re-release was highest in Sub Group B and GIC had a greater recharging ability followed
by RMGIC & CENTION. The uoride re-release was greatest on 1st day followed by rapid return tonear exposure levels.
CONCLUSION: From the study it was concluded that, the initialFluoride release was highest from Conventional GIC
followedby Resin Modied GIC, CENTION. The Fluoride release was high when recharging with professional regime (2%NaF)
as compared to home regime (Toothpaste).
AI BASED EXPERT SYSTEM FOR PREDICTION OF DIABETIC EYE MORBIDITY
Authors: Chitara Himal , Gilder Hitesh , Bhatt Tejas V , Patel Raksha K
Published: March 2020

Aim: to design an AI based expert system for prediction of diabetic eye morbidity.
Method: This research gives a prediction of diabetes retinopathy in diabetic patients using the Articial
Intelligence based expert system. This work divided in two parts, rst part is examination of eye vision by the Ophthalmologist
and also other examination such as PPBS, Hypotension, Cholesterol, duration of diabetes. Second part is 400 patients medical
records are taken in 2019 year. And it is examined in the articial expert system for prediction of diabetes retinopathy. It gives the
accuracy, prediction, eye vision threatening, and morbidity in diabetic eye.
Result: The articial intelligence expert system has 6 input parameters and in output one parameter which gives the prediction
of diabetic neuropathy. The input parameters such as Post Prandial blood sugar, Hemoglobin A1c Test, duration of Diabetes,
Hypotension, Cholesterol, and Vision in eyes. The output parameter was the morbidity in diabetic retinopathies which are Non
proliferative, Proliferative, CMSE. This system gives accuracy, specicity, prediction of diabetic retinopathy.
Conclusion: This system is design for the endocrinologist and ophthalmologist to diagnosis diabetic retinopathy more quickly
and prediction of eye morbidity
PUSH AND PULL FACTORS OF MIGRATION: A STUDY OF INTER-STATE MIGRANTS OF HUGLI INDUSTRIAL BELT
Authors: Das Rajesh , Basu Snehamanju
Published: March 2020

Migration is the periodic movement of population by breaking social and cultural ties from the original
place of living. After fertility and mortality, it is the third important component of population growth or
population change. The dominant theory in explaining causes of migration is the neoclassical theory which states that
“migration is stimulated primarily by rational economic considerations of relative benets and costs, mostly nancial but also
Psychological” (Todaro and Smith, 2006). Industrial development in India attracted the marginal population, deserted and
divorcee females to be engaged as unskilled laborer. Opportunity of employment and higher wages generated the current of
migration from rural to urban areas both short and long distance. Determinants like marriage, job opportunity, wages, kinship,
family association, living environment, industrial growth, security, bad economic condition of the source region, loss of job,
farming conditions are taken as factors of migration. To know the factors those who are reasonably explain migration under
study area Factor Analysis by the method of Principal Component Analysis has been done. This is helpful to understand the
correlation of variables. However, data explain that economic factors are dominating over social factor in case of unskilled
inter-state labour migration within the region in early stages while social factors are main reasons of migration in later stage.
Cascaded Fiber-based Mid-Infrared Supercontinuum Source
Authors: Sylvestre Thibaut
Published: March 2020

In this paper, we investigate mid-IR SC generation
in a cascaded silica-ZBLAN-chalcogenide fiber system directly pumped with a commercially-available
460-ps pulsed fiber laser operating in the telecommunications window at 1.55 µm. This fiber-based
system is shown to generate a flat broadband mid-IR SC covering the entire range from 2 to 10 µ m
with tens of mW of output power. This technique paves the way for low cost, practical, and
robust broadband SC sources in the mid-IR without the requirement of mid-infrared pump sources or
Thulium-doped fiber amplifiers. We also describe a fully-realistic numerical model used to simulate the
nonlinear pulse propagation through the cascaded fiber system and use our numerical results to discuss
the physical processes underlying the spectral broadening in the cascaded system. We conclude with recommendations to optimize the current cascaded systems based on the simulation results.
Characterization of B1-cells during experimental leukomogenesis
Authors: Ezdakova I. Yu. , Kapustina O. V. , Gulyukin M. I. , Stepanova T. V.
Published: March 2020

Background. Bovine leukemia causes a significant polyclonal expansion of CD5+ , IgM+ B lymphocytes, known as persistent lymphocytosis (PL), in approximately 30% of infected cattle. However, it is not yet clear what happens to this subpopulation of B cells in the early period of infection of animals.Purpose. Quantitative characterization of IgM+ and CD5+ B cells during the immune response, which can provide important information on the mechanisms of lymphocyte priming in BLV infection.Material and methods. The experiment used BLV-negative calves of black-motley breed at the age of 8 months (n = 11). Animals (n = 8) were intravenously injected with blood of a BLV-positive cow. Control calves (n = 3) were injected with saline. Studies were performed before and after infection on days 5, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 65 of the immune response. The determination of the number of B-lymphocytes in the blood was carried out by the method of immunoperoxidase staining based on monoclonal antibodies to IgM, CD5.Results. As a result of the studies, it was found that the level of CD5+ B cells increases on the 14th day of the primary immune response, characterized by polyclonal proliferation of CD5+ B cells, which are the primary target for BLV. Our research data confirm that in the lymphocytes of experimentally infected cattle, surface aggregation of IgM and CD5 molecules on B-lymphocytes is absent.Discussion. It is known that the wave-like nature of IgM synthesis, which was shown in previous studies, depends on a subpopulation of B1 cells. After 7 days of the immune response, IgM+ and CD5+ cells do not correlate, which shows their functional difference. The increase in CD5+ cells is probably not associated with B cells, but with T cells differentiating under the influence of the virus.Conclusions. A subset of B1 cells is the primary target of cattle leukemia virus. The 65th day of the immune response is characterized by the expansion of IgM+ B cells, a decrease in the number of CD5+ cells and a uniform distribution of receptors around the perimeter of the cells.
Development of the drug oncolytic immunotherapy based on vaccinia viruses (Vaccinia virus, Orthopoxvirus, Chordopoxvirinae, Poxviridae) against breast cancer
Authors: Bauer T. V. , Tregubchak T. V. , Maksyutov A. Z. , Maksyutov R. A. , Kolosova I. V. , Gavrilova E. V.
Published: March 2020

Introduction. Currently, new directions in cancer therapy are actively developing, one of which is oncolytic immunotherapy. This approach would be to use of viruses as cancer specific cytolytic agents capable of stimulating both the tumor-specific and non-specific immune response.The objective paper was obtain a recombinant vaccinia virus containing genes encoding immunostimulating molecules and study oncolytic and immunostimulating properties of recombinant virus.Material and methods. MTT test, ELISA, methods of transient dominant selection.Results. The recombinant vaccinia virus (L-IVP_oncoB) were obtained with deletion of the gene encoding thymidine kinase and had an integrated gene encoding GM-CSF. Also the virus have deletion of the gene encoding viral growth factor and integrated genes encoding synthetic tumor-specific polyepitopic immunogens. It was shown that the modifications made to the viral genome did not affect the growth characteristics of the virus when cultured on CV-1 and 4647 cell cultures, and the cytopathogenic efficacy of the virus was determined in relation to cancer cultures of cells of various genesis. In in vivo experiment, it was revealed that the polyepitopic construct in the genome L-IVP_oncoB is able to initiate a change in the profile of cytokines.Discussion. The obtained data characterized L-IVP_oncoB as a promising cytopathogenic and immunostimulating agent and showed the need for further study of its properties as means of oncolytic immunotherapy. Conclusion. The basic experiments on the evaluation of the biological properties of the obtained L-IVP_oncoB, which are necessary for the characterization of the oncolytic virus, have been carried out.
Etiology of epidemic outbreaks COVID-19 in Wuhan, Hubei province, Chinese People Republic associated with 2019-nCoV (Nidovirales, Coronaviridae, Coronavirinae, Betacoronavirus, Subgenus Sarbecovirus): lessons of SARS-CoV outbreak
Authors: Lvov D. K. , Alkhovsky S. V. , Kolobukhina L. V. , Burtseva E. I.
Published: March 2020

Results of analysis of phylogenetic, virological, epidemiological, ecological, clinical data of COVID-19 outbreaks in Wuhan, China (PRC) in comparison with SARS-2002 and MERS-2012 outbreaks allow to conclude:– the etiological agent of COVID-19 is coronavirus (2019-CoV), phylogenetically close to the SARS-CoV, isolated from human, and SARS-related viruses isolated from bats (SARS-related bat CoV viruses). These viruses belong to the Sarbecovirus subgenus, Betacoronavirus genus, Orthocoronavirinae subfamily, Coronaviridae family (Cornidovirinea: Nidovirales). COVID-19 is a variant of SARS-2002 and is different from MERS-2012 outbreak, which were caused by coronavirus belonged to the subgenus Merbecovirus of the same genus;– according to the results of phylogenetic analysis of 35 different betacoronaviruses, isolated from human and from wild animals in 2002-2019, the natural source of COVID-19 and SARS-CoV (2002) is bats of Rhinolophus genus (Rhinolophidae) and, probably, some species of other genera. An additional reservoir of the virus could be an intermediate animal species (snakes, civet, hedgehogs, badgers, etc.) that are infected by eating of infected bats. SARS-like coronaviruses circulated in bats in the interepidemic period (2003-2019);– seasonal coronaviruses (subgenus Duvinacovirus, Alphacoronavirus) are currently circulating (November 2019– January 2020) in the European part of Russia, Urals, Siberia and the Far East of Russia, along with the influenza viruses A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2), and В, as well as six other respiratory viruses (HPIV, HAdV, HRSV, HRV, HBoV, and HMPV)
Desafios das novas formas de lidar com os resíduos nos territórios inteligentes sob uma perspectiva europeia
Authors: Fernandes de Faria Roberta
Published: March 2020

Na intenção de cumprir com os Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável da ONU, o governo espanhol publicou, em dezembro de 2017, o Plano Nacional de Territórios Inteligentes, apostando na sustentabilidade urbana e melhoria da qualidade de vida dos cidadãos que nas cidades vivem. A Administração Pública deve trabalhar na implementação de um novo modelo de gestão urbana para transformar suas cidades em territórios inteligentes e tratar os principais problemas das cidades tradicionais, incluindo uma nova forma de lidar com os resíduos urbanos e reinventar suas cadeias de suprimento por meio de políticas públicas, regulamentos e incentivos.
Ortadoğu’da İki Otoriter Lider Örneği Üzerine: Cemal Abdünnasır ve Ayetullah Humeyni
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Selim
Published: March 2020

Bu makale, öncelikle dünyada ve Ortadoğu’da liderlik örnekleri ve türleri üzerinde durarak uluslararası ilişkilerde liderliğin karar alma süreçlerine ne ölçüde etki ettiği üzerine değerlendirmede bulunur. Ortadoğu’daki liderlik üzerinde durulduktan sonra Ortadoğu’ya ve dünya siyasetine damgasını vurmuş olan iki lider profili seçilmiştir. Arap dünyasında önemli bir yeri olan Cemal Abdünnasır ve İslam Devrimi ile hem Ortadoğu hem de dünya siyasetine damga vurmuş olan Ayetullah Humeyni’nin liderlik özellikleri, yönetim şekilleri, iç politika ve dış politikadaki önemli kararları ve siyaset tarzları üzerine odaklanılmıştır. Her iki liderin genel karakteristik özellikleri ve siyasi biyografileri üzerinden liderlik etme yöntemleri incelendikten sonra sonuç bölümünde de karşılaştırmalı analizleri yapılmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışma seküler ve milliyetçi bir Arap lider ile İslamcı –Şii bir İranlı liderin Ortadoğu siyasetinde edindikleri yeri ve Ortadoğu siyasetine katkılarını detaylı bir şekilde incelemektedir.
İslam Düşüncesinin Demokrasi Problematiğini “Mağrip Düşüncesi” Çerçevesinde Çözümleme: Câbirî’nin Yaklaşımı
Authors: Yıldırım Onur
Published: March 2020

Faslı düşünür Câbirî, Arap-İslam dünyasının uyanışı (Nahda) için Arap-İslam düşüncesinin yeniden yapılandırılmasını kaçınılmaz görür. Çünkü bu düşünce çağın siyasal, toplumsal ve kültürel sorunlarına çözüm bulamamaktadır. Bu düşünceyi (akıl, kültürel miras, gelenek) dinamik hale getirmek için onun referans çerçevesini eleştirmek ve yeniden inşa etmek gereklidir. Câbirî’ye göre Arap-İslam düşüncesinin referans çerçevesi Abbasiler döneminde başlatılan tedvin faaliyetiyle oluşmuştur. Bu çalışmanın konusunu, Câbirî’nin yeni bir tedvin asrı teorisinden hareketle Arap-İslam düşüncesinin demokrasi problematiğinin tahlili oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma, yapı itibariyle biri diğerinin hazırlayıcısı olan iki bölümden oluşmaktadır. Çalışmanın birinci bölümünü, Câbirî’nin Arap-İslam düşüncesini hangi yöntemlerle ele aldığı ve bu yöntemin kılavuzluğunda söz konusu düşünceyi nasıl tahlil ettiği konuları oluşturacaktır. İkinci bölümde, yeni bir tedvin asrı teorisinde hareketle Arap-İslam düşünce geleneği içerisinde demokrasi problematiğini nasıl çözümlediği incelenecektir. Çalışmanın amacı, Câbirî’nin mevcut Arap-İslam realitesine uygun demokrasinin tesisi için teorik bir model oluşturma iddiasında olduğunu ortaya koymaktır.
Çin’in Ortadoğu Politikası: Süreklilik ve Değişim
Authors: ÇELİK Hatice
Published: March 2020

Bu çalışmada 21. Yüzyılda, modern uluslararası sistemin kendini her alanında görünür kılan aktörü Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti’nin (buradan sonra Çin veya ÇHC olarak ifade edilecektir) Ortadoğu coğrafyasına yönelik politikaları analiz edilecektir. Çalışma üç bölümden oluşmaktadır. Birinci bölümde literatürde sıklıkla yükselen güç olarak tanımlanan Çin’in yükselişi tartışılacak; literatürdeki bahse konu yükselişe dair yapılan tanımlama ve anlamlandırma girişimleri ele alınacaktır. İkinci bölümde Çin’in yükselişi olarak ifade edilen süreçle birlikte küresel düzeyde nasıl bir dış politika gündemi oluşturduğu ve izlediği incelenerek Ortadoğu coğrafyasına ayrı bir önem verip vermediği anlaşılmaya çalışılacaktır. Üçüncü bölümde ise Çin’in Ortadoğu politikasını şekillendirirken nasıl bir yol izlediği, hangi noktaları referans alarak politika ürettiği ve nasıl mekanizmalar aracılığıyla bu politikaları hayata geçirme çabasında olduğu anlaşılmaya çalışılacaktır. Sonuç kısmında, Çin’in Ortadoğu’ya yaklaşımında yakaladığı fırsatlar ve karşılaştığı/karşılaşabileceği riskler ortaya konmaya çalışılacaktır.
Sahra Arap Demokratik Cumhuriyeti’nin Diplomatik Ontolojisi
Authors: BAYRAM Mürsel
Published: March 2020

Bu çalışmada, sınırlı tanıma statüsündeki Sahra Arap Demokratik Cumhuriyeti’nin (SADC) diplomatik var olma biçiminin ve düzeyinin incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Diplomatik tanınma, devletin temel unsurları arasında sayılmamakla birlikte SADC örneğinde görüldüğü üzere devletin en azından “fikir” (idea) olarak varoluşunu destekleyen bir unsurdur. 44 Birleşmiş Milletler üyesi devlet tarafından tanınan ve Afrika Birliği’nin tam üyesi olan SADC, hak iddia ettiği Batı Sahra topraklarının tamamında egemenlik kuramadığı için fizikî ve beşerî varoluşunu temin edememiştir. Bu durum SADC’ın varlığını tartışmalı hale getirse de yokluğunu ispat etmeye de yetmemektedir. SADC’ın elde ettiği diplomatik destek, bu devletin “yarı-varlık” olarakhayatta kalmasını sağlamaktadır. SADC’ı diplomatik olarak tanıyıp tanımama kararı, aynı zamanda Afrika ve Orta Doğu’daki siyasal rekabetlerde hangi aktörün hangi ittifakta yer aldığını gösteren bir turnusol işlevi görmekte ve SADC’ın araçsallaştırılan bir “diplomatik varlığa” dönüşmesine neden olmaktadır.
Masalah Sosial dan Kebijakan Publik di Indonesia (Studi Kasus UU ITE No. 19 Tahun 2016)
Authors: Mawaza Jayyidan Falakhi , Khalil Abdussatar
Published: March 2020

Abstrak

This article aims to know and analyze the policy of ITE Law No. 19 of 2016, which has two preferences in the formulation of strategic and political preferences. A good policy comes from social issues that are perceived by many communities and not of individual problems. Public policy is made to resolve social issues not to add or create new problems. Strategic preference in the formulation of this law departs from the problem of many crimes in the form of fraud and evasion by using electronic media. Strategic preference to see this law is passed to address the issue.  While political preferences look different about the emergence of this law. The political preference to see the emergence of this law is not separated from the interests of actors who have authority in the making of this law.  The actor who has that interest is the ruler. With this law, the ruler is increasingly in limiting and criminalizing the right to freedom of community opinion. This article specifically wants to see the extent of the tension of both preferences.
Purifikasi minyak jelantah menggunakan karbon aktif dari kulit durian
Authors: Siti Miskah  , Tine Aprianti  , Sarah Swasti Putri  , Siti Haryanti
Published: March 2020

Kulit durian merupakan salah satu jenis buah yang mengandung selulosa cukup tinggi berkisar 50 % – 60 % yang dapat digunakan untuk pembuatan karbon dalam proses purifikasi minyak jelantah. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat pengaruh massa adsorben dan waktu kontak terhadap purifikasi minyak jelantah. Pembuatan adsorben dari kulit durian melalui proses karbonisasi pada suhu 500 ºC selama 2 jam. Purifikasi minyak jelantah dilakukan dengan variasi massa adsorben 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 gr dan waktu adsorpsi 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 menit. Hasil penelitian terbaik untuk asam lemak bebas, bilangan peroksida, dan massa jenis minyak berturut-turut adalah pada waktu 150 menit dan massa adsorben 6 gram yaitu sebesar 0,0515 %, 1,41 Meq O2/kg, dan 0,9022 gr/ml.
Pengaruh konsentrasi NaOH dan waktu hidrolisis terhadap kadar selulosa pada daun nanas
Authors: Selvia Aprilyanti
Published: March 2020

Provinsi Sumatera Selatan merupakan salah satu sentra penghasil buah nanas (Ananas Comosus) yang tersebar dikota-kota seperti Prabumulih, Ogan Ilir dan Muara Enim. Melimpahnya hasil buah nanas tersebut akan diiringi dengan meningkatnya limbah daun nanas yang belum termanfaatkan dengan optimal. Limbah nanas saat ini sedang dikembangkan dalam pembuatan pulp sebagai bahan baku dalam pembuatan kertas. Untuk memperoleh kualitas pulp yang sesuai untuk pembuatan kertas diperlukan sumber bahan baku yang memiliki kandungan selulosa cukup tinggi. Limbah daun nanas memiliki kandungan selulosa antara 69,7 – 71,5 %. Namun selain selulosa, daun nanas juga memiliki kandungan lignin yang harus dihilangkan. Untuk memperoleh kandungan selulosa yang optimal dilakukan proses hidrolisis secara kimiawi menggunakan larutan NaOH. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi NaOH terhadap kadar selulosa dari hidrolisis daun nanas dengan memvariasikan penambahan larutan NaOH pada konsentrasi 0,1 N; 0,2 N; 0,3 N; 0,4 N dan 0,5 N. hasil dari proses hidrolisis selanjutnya dilakukan analisa kadar selulosa menggunaka metode Chesson. Sehingga diperoleh hasil bahwa kadar selulosa yang tertinggi yaitu sebesar 66,3% pada saat penambahan larutan NaOH 0,2 N.
Studi laju korosi logam alumunium dalam larutan asam dengan penambahan ekstraksi daun karamunting sebagai inhibitor
Authors: Mardiah  , Herlina Lia Novianti  , Opie Aulia Fadilah
Published: March 2020

Korosi yang biasa disebut sebagai pengkaratan akibat terjadinya penurunan kualiatas mutu logam karena reaksi kimia suatu logam terhadap lingkungan disekitarnya. Banyak cara yang bisa dilakukan untuk memperlambat suatu laju reaksi pada korosi, seperti membuat paduan logam yang berfungsi agar tidak terjadi korosi, melapisi bagian logam agar tahan dari medium korosif, atau dengan cara membuat penambahan suatu zat yang berfungsi sebagai inhibitor penghambat korosi. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan studi laju korosi dengan cara membuat penambahan zat yang berfungsi sebagai inhibitor dengan metode yang digunakan untuk mempelajari studi laju reaksi korosi adalah metode Gravimetri. Studi laju korosi ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh inhibitor yang digunakan untuk penghambat korosi pada Aluminium. Data yang dihasilkan adalah menghitung massa benda uji sebelum dan setelah perendaman untuk dibandingkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efisiensi inhibisi menghambat laju reaksi korosi Alumunium dalam larutan HCl berfungsi dengan nilai daya inhibisi 50 ppm inhibitor didapatkan pada waktu 5 menit 80.00%, 10 menit 77.06%, 15 menit 71.03%, 20 menit 62.17%, dan 25 menit 57.53% dengan laju korosi pada waktu 5 menit 0.0004, pada waktu 10 menit 0.0025, pada waktu 15 menit 0.0076, pada waktu 20 menit 0.01415 dan pada waktu 25 menit 0.02988.
Reduksi HCN di dalam singkong karet (Manihot glaziovii) dengan proses perendaman
Authors: Muhammad Yerizam  , M. Zaman  , Agus Manggala
Published: March 2020

Tepung Mocaf (modified cassava flour) adalah merupakan sejenis tepung yang dibuat dari ubi kayu, prinsip pembuatannya adalah dengan memodifikasi ubi kayu dengan mikrobia. Dengan dilakukannya penelitian untuk mendapatkan tepung mocaf dari bahan baku singkong karet ini diharapkan dapat menjadi alternatif selain tepung terigu untuk kehidupan sehari-hari masyarakat yang harganya jauh lebih murah. Penelitian ini memanfaatkan umbi beracun, yakni singkong karet (Manihot glazovii) sebagai bahan baku pembuatan tepung mocaf. Singkong karet (Manihot glazovii) memiliki kandungan karbohidrat yang tinggi yaitu 98,47% sehingga cocok untuk dijadikan bahan baku pembuatan tepung. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh waktu perendaman singkong dan pengaruh variasi perendaman dengan pengadukan terhadap reduksi HCN yang terkandung di dalam singkong selama proses perendaman singkong. Hasil yang diperoleh nantinya berupa tepung yang karakteristiknya menyerupai tepung terigu, pada setiap proses pengolahannya akan dilakukan pengujian terhadap kandungan HCN sehingga dapat diketahui hasil reduksi HCN yang terkandung didalam singkong karet.
Pengaruh komposisi aditif sekam padi terhadap ukuran pori, luas permukaan dan porositas membran keramik
Authors: Sisnayati  , Ria Komala  , Retno Suryani
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat membran keramik dengan penambahan bahan aditif sekam padi pada berbagai komposisi dan mempelajari pengaruh penambahan aditif tersebut terhadap ukuran pori, luas permukaan dan porositas membran yang dihasilkan. Membran keramik dirancang berbentuk tube, dibuat dari campuran tanah liat, serbuk besi dan sekam padi dengan diameter dalam 5 cm, diameter luar 6 cm, ketebalan 1 cm dan panjang 25 cm. Membran keramik setelah dicetak terlebih dahulu, kemudian dikeringkan pada temperatur kamar selama 7 hari, selanjutnya disintering pada temperatur 900°C selama 9 jam.  Membran  yang diperoleh  dianalisis morfologi permukaannya  dengan  analisis SEM-EDS dan analisis BET.  Dari hasil uji SEM diperoleh bahwa semakin banyak penambahan sekam padi, pori yang terbentuk juga akan semakin banyak dan terlihat masih kurang seragam (asimetrik), berstruktur random dan terdistribusi merata di permukaan. Sedangkan dari hasil uji BET, semakin banyak sekam padi yang ditambahkan pada membran maka ukuran pori dan porositas membran akan semakin besar namun  luas permukaannya  akan  semakin  kecil.  Membran  yang  memiliki  ukuran  pori  yang  paling  kecil  adalah membran yang memiliki komposisi 87.5% tanah liat, 10% aditif sekam padi dan 2.5% serbuk besi, yaitu 2,8 µm, dengan luas permukaan 45,38 m2/g dan porositas 35,95%.
Curved Treatment in Km 2 + 2/400 Manggarai - Jatinegara Cross
Authors: Sholihin Mohammad , Dwiatmoko Hermanto , Septanto Djoko
Published: March 2020

Curves number 2 and 18 on Manggarai - Jatinegara cross are part of cross in DAOP (Operation Area) 1 Jakarta area. The reliability of an arch in its role in the operation of the railway is important even be a major factor. Therefore, perfection in care is absolute and a major requirement of a condition where the arch can be said to be reliable. But not all arches have the same elevation value as the calculated result. Thus it required an analysis of the level of care arch the arch reliability. From the results of secondary and primary data analysis then obtained data related to the condition of curve number 2 and 18 cross Manggarai - Jatinegara still not good in terms of changes in arrows and rail elevation. Calculation and analysis of data used dilihiat in terms of curved geometry conditions that is curved radius, transverse arch, rail elevation, ideal curve graph conditions and human resources managers. After analyzing the data and then compared with the existing standard, the implementation of curved treatment has been said to be only just not maximal, it can be suggested that it needs to be maintained treatment of the curve condition continues with the inspection in accordance with the provisions and immediately repaired the curved geometry is lacking, Arch back to normal and do maintenance by using the MTT machine at the time of treatment at night so that the implementation of the treatment is more suitable as expected and also did not happen trial and error.
Desain Prototype Teknologi Automatic Surface Treatmen Untuk Meningkatkan Ketahanan Jalan Rel Kereta Api
Authors: Wirawan Willy Artha , Wahjono Hari Boedi , Rozaq Fadli
Published: March 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah melakukan desain prototype alat untuk meningkatkan ketahanan jalan rel kereta api. Metode pada penelitian ini dilakukan dengan konsep teori surface treatmen, selanjutnya digambarkan menggunakan software solidwork dalam bentuk desain prototype. Sebagai validasi desain prototype dilakukan penelitian awal dengan memberikan perlakuan panas pada rel kereta api dengan memanfaatkan nyala netral gas oksi-asitilen dan quenching secara cepat. Selanjutnya rel kereta api dilakukan uji kekerasan dan struktur mikro. Hasil uji rel diketahui terjadi peningkatan nilai kekerasan sebesar 30 VHN dan perubahan struktur mikro martensit.
Numerical Contribution to Airflow Study Through a Generic Merchant Ship Models
Authors: Soufiane Berrezoug Djawad , Bouzit Mohammed , Merahi Leila , Bencherif Mohammed
Published: March 2020

The merchant ships are continuously recruited by the world meteorological organization (WMO) as Voluntary Observing Ship (VOS) for the collect of meteorological parameters at the ocean surface. VOS meteorological observation includes many parameters such as the wind speed measured by anemometers. This measurement is biased by the presence of ship and superstructure. Little work was carried out in this field. Between them we find the experimental work at a low speed wind tunnel of Southampton University which studies the airflow distortion over simple models (generic models) of VOS merchant ship. This study presents numerical results of a 3D simulation analyzing airflow effect above the bridge of a generic merchant ship models involved in VOS. For this purpose three-dimensional, stationary and turbulent, numerical simulation has been achieved the flow over the bridge of a tanker and a container ship at 1/ 46 scale using a numerical code and CFX code with turbulence k-ε models. This numerical study allows us to know the position of the line of equality as well as the zone of acceleration and deceleration of the flow. The results obtained numerically by numerical code and CFX code are compared with those obtained experimentally in the wind tunnel of Southampton University. Numerical results are in a good agreement with experimental results and can be used as a reference to find the position of the equality line and to know the error range in of the anemometer velocity reading.
CMMI and Ideal in Software Process Improvement
Authors: Bayona-Oré Sussy , Chamilco Josselyn , Perez Dayvis
Published: March 2020

Different models and standards have been developed with the purpose of improving software development processes and obtaining quality products and achieving customer satisfaction. Despite the efforts that organizations make, they do not always achieve these results. In this article we present the results of the implementation of best practices established by the CMMI model using the IDEAL and SCAMPI B methodology. The results show that applying best practices helps organizations to improve their processes, minimize the number of defects and increase customer satisfaction. Likewise, the critical factors that were considered and aspects to be considered in the deployment of processes are presented.
Hubungan Dukungan Keluarga Dengan Kepatuhan Pengobatan Klien Tuberkulosis Di Kabupaten Bondowoso
Authors: Trilianto Arif Eko , Hartini Hartini , Shidiq Pasidi , R Handono F
Published: March 2020

ABSTRAK Waktu pengobatan Tuberculosis yang lama, minum obat secara teratur tiap hari dan efek samping dari obat anti tuberkulosis merupakan salah satu faktor ketidakpatuhan. Salah satu cara untuk mengatasi hal tersebut adalah dengan dukungan dari keluarga dan tenaga kesehatan.Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisa Hubungan Dukungan Keluarga Dengan Kepatuhan Pengobatan Klien Tuberkulosis Di Kabupaten Bondowoso. Jenis rancangan penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan Cross-Sectional. Jumlah responden dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 157 dengan tehnik pengambilan sampling secara Total Sampling. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah kuesioner dukungan keluarga dan Morinsky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS) untuk mengukur Tingkat Kepatuhan.Dukungan keluarga Klien sebagian besar sebanyak 139 responden (88,5%). Kepatuhan pengobatan Klien tuberkulosis, sebagian besar patuh sebanyak 132 responden (84,1%), p value (0,000) α (0,05), terdapat hubungan antara Dukungan Keluarga Dengan Kepatuhan Pengobatan Klien Tuberkulosis Di Kabupaten Bondowoso.Peran keluarga yang mendukung Klien untuk patuh berobat. terdapat lima determinan yang dapat mempengaruhi perilaku seseorang untuk patuh pengobatan. Kepatuhan minum obat Klien tuberkulosis sangat membutuhkan pengawasan agar Klien tidak lupa minum obat setiap harinya dan tidak putus obat. Kata Kunci : Dukungan Keluarga, Kepatuhan, Pengobatan Tuberkulosis
Pengaruh Strategi Pembelajaran Kooperatif Model STAD Terhadap Peningkatan Prestasi Belajar
Authors: Astuti Ratna Kusuma , Sakitri Ganik
Published: March 2020

ABSTRAKPengaruh Strategi Pembelajaran Kooperatif Model STAD terhadap Peningkatan Prestasi Belajar, Ratna Kusuma Astuti, Akper Insan Husada Surakarta. Strategi pembelajaran kooperatif model STAD merupakan strategi pembelajaran yang relatif baru, yang perlu diterapkan untuk diketahui efektifitasnya. Selain itu juga merupakan pendekatan pembelajaran yang berpusat pada siswa (student centered). Strategi pembelajaran kooperatif pada prinsipnya adalah dengan pembentukan kelompok-kelompok kecil, yang dalam kelompok itu terdapat kerjasama antar anggota kelompok, saling berinteraksi dan diskusi dalam kelompok. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh strategi pembelajaran kooperatif model STAD terhadap peningkatan prestasi belajar mahasiswa Akper Insan Hudasa Surakarta. Penelitian ini bersifat komparatif dengan dua sampel independent dan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pretest-posttest control group design. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan uji-t, didapat harga thitung = 2,29 dengan ttabel = 1,66. Harga thitung ttabel maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada perbedaan prestasi belajar yang signifikan antara strategi pembelajaran kooperatif model STAD dengan strategi pembelajaran individual. Kata Kunci       : Pembelajaran Kooperatif, Model STAD, Prestasi Belajar
Virtue and Advice
Authors: McGinniss Michael S.
Published: March 2020

This Article examines the ethical and moral responsibilities of lawyers in their role as advisors to clients, with continual reference to the Greek philosopher Socrates.* Although Socrates was not a lawyer, he was an “advisor,” who lived a life committed to engaging in dialogue about virtue and its meaning and, at times, about the law and one’s duties in relation to the law. According to Rule 2.1 of the ABA Model Rules of Professional Conduct, when representing clients and acting as advisors, lawyers are expected to “exercise independent professional judgment” and “render candid advice,” which includes authority to counsel clients on moral considerations relevant to their legal situation. Socrates was a paradigm of “independence” and, although his speech was often bristling with irony, he was also persistently “candid” with his dialogue partners as they pursued the truth about moral questions. His life and teachings, and his courage in adhering to the principles that defined him, offer valuable insights for lawyers as they form their professional identities and serve as advisors to their clients. Part I of this Article will offer an overview and perspective on lawyers as independent advisors, first by closely examining Rule 2.1 and its meaning. It will then further explore moral independence in a legal context by reflecting on Socrates, with particular attention to his trial and its aftermath, but also considering Socrates as portrayed in the philosophy of Søren Kierkegaard. Part II will review several frameworks legal ethicists have developed to describe the relationship of advising lawyers and their clients, and propose the moral ideal of the “trustworthy neighbor” for lawyers serving clients in the advising role. Finally, Part III will consider some lessons derived from the teachings of Socrates for lawyer-advisors who are engaged in moral dialogue with their clients.
Is It “A” or Is It “The”?
Authors: Isaac Kendall D.
Published: March 2020

The recent Supreme Court decision in University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center v. Nassar has brought exposure to a prevalent problem in employment discrimination and retaliation cases: there is great discrepancy in how plaintiffs have to prove and courts have to assess these claims. Depending on whether the case is based on discrimination or retaliation pursuant to the ADA, ADEA, or Title VII, the standard that needs to be met might be that the plaintiff must prove that discrimination was “the” motivating-factor for the adverse employment action or that it was “a” motivating-factor for the action. Adding even greater confusion is the fact that, if an employee argues that they are the victim of discrimination (such as on the basis of national origin) and retaliation, the employee might have to prove that their national origin was “a” motivating-factor in the discrimination case and “the” motivating-factor in the retaliation aspect of the case. If this sounds confusing to scholars and attorneys, imagine how confusing these various standards within one case can be for potential litigants, judges unfamiliar with employment law, and a member of the jury! This Article delves into these muddy waters and attempts to highlight the issues, spotlight the statutes, and ultimately formulate a working motivating-factor standard that can be infused into all of the various employment discrimination statutes and thus result in a consistency in interpretation and application.
Who’s My Real Daddy?
Authors: Longstreet Elan Renee-Guerin
Published: March 2020

False paternity occurs when a man is incorrectly presumed, acknowledged, or adjudicated to be the father of a child even though, contrary to his own belief, he has no biological relationship to the child. In Texas, over 85% of cases of false paternity result when paternity is initially established by a legal presumption or voluntary acknowledgement. However, instead of amending the laws on how paternity is initially established, Texas attempts to remedy false paternity merely by determining the situations in which paternity may be disestablished. The effects of disestablishing paternity vary wildly and can be devastating to the child, the alleged father, and the biological father. In Part II, this Comment will examine the prevalence of false paternity in Texas, the causes of false paternity, and the consequences of false paternity. In Part III, this Comment will propose proactive solutions that aim to deter incidents of false paternity while balancing the interests of the child against the interests of alleged fathers, biological fathers, and the state. Finally, in Part IV, this Comment proposes a solution that aims to remedy specific incidents of false paternity without destroying nurtured father-child relationships.
Text but Don’t Touch
Authors: Elkins Paul
Published: March 2020

Young people, especially those enrolled in primary and secondary schools, are particularly susceptible to being taken advantage of by people they trust. Section 21.12 of the Texas Penal Code criminalizes improper relationships between educators and students in an effort to prevent the mental and physical harm that occurs when school employees use their classrooms as pools from which to choose potential sexual encounters. While few would argue that such a purpose is not well-intentioned, the law as it currently stands falls far short of criminalizing predatory behavior only where a position of authority has been abused. Rather, the Improper Relationship Statute’s current language ac- tually has the potential to punish most certified school employees, regardless of whether the employee actually teaches in a classroom on a regular basis or has any regular interaction with the student that may be involved. Further- more, the Improper Relationship Statute’s language goes beyond the walls of the teachers’ own classrooms—and even their own schools—by extending the prohibition to all students within the entire school district.

Despite numerous amendments since the Improper Relationship Statute’s enactment, no amendments have narrowed the Improper Relationship Stat- ute’s language so as to reach only those offenders who use their position of power to elicit a relationship with a student. As a result, the Improper Rela- tionship Statute not only fails in specifically targeting the originally intended perpetrator—a predatory teacher—it also carries far greater consequences than necessary to accomplish its appropriate purpose.

This Comment proposes changes to the language of the Improper Relation- ship Statute that will lessen the overreaching nature of the current language by adding an abuse-of-authority component. Although this proposal is not with- out its shortcomings, it puts the focus of the prohibited conduct on the rela- tionship be ween the accused and the student and not simply the accused’s profession.
OPTIMIZATION OF KOTO JAYA DAILY MARKET PRODUCTION IN MUKOMUKO
Authors: Kurniawan Yoki , Al Hidayat Rahmat
Published: March 2020

This study aims to identify internal and external factors faced by the Koto Jaya Daily Market in Mukomuko, determine the optimization strategy of the market utilization. The data used in this study are primary data obtained from traders at the Koto Jaya Daily Market in Mukomuko in 2018 using a SWOT analysis tool.The results of the SWOT analysis can be concluded that internal factors in optimizing the utilization of the Koto Jaya Daily Market in Mukomuko are; 1) Strength Factors (land availability, location, supporting facilities, trader organizations, merchant composition, infrastructure, price information); 2) Weakness factors (rental prices, utilities, location access, market conditions, budget constraints, trader awareness), for external factors in optimizing the utilization of the Koto Jaya Daily Market in Mukomuko are; 1) Opportunity factors (population, community response, government support, technological development); 2) Threat factors (other market competitors, natural disasters, thuggery, government policies, economic crisis). The strategy that must be applied in this condition is the WT (Weaknesses-Threats) strategy, namely; 1) Implement a kiosk and booth rental price strategy; 2) Improve the quality and service quality of the Koto Jaya Mukomuko Market; 3) Optimizing existing facilities and infrastructure; 4) Maintain market security and comfort
THE EFFECT OF MUDHARABAH, MUSYARAKAH AND MURABAHAH FINANCE ON THE PROFITABILITY OF SHARIA GENERAL BANKS IN INDONESIA IN 2013-2017
Authors: Pratama Yogi Bayu , Febriansyah Erwin
Published: March 2020

This study aims to analyze the effect of mudharabah, musyarakah and murabahah financing on the level of profitability at Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia using the Return on Assets (ROA) ratio. The research method used is descriptive quantitative research approach and case studies at Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia. The type of data obtained from this research is secondary data based on the results of Sharia Commercial Bank financial reports which include BCA Syariah, BNI Syariah, BRI Syariah, Mandiri Syariah Bank, Syariah Bukopin and Muamalat Bank during the 2013-2017 period. Sources of data obtained through the results of publications from the relevant Islamic Commercial Bank and through the official website of each bank. The analytical tool used is multiple linear regression analysis.The results showed that Mudharabah and Mutanaqisah financing had a significant influence on ROA levels while financing for Murabahah had an insignificant effect on the partial ROA level. Simultaneously, this Mudharabah, Mutanaqisah and Murabahah financing has a significant influence on the level of ROA
EFFECT OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING (DIKLAT / BIMTEK), UNDERSTANDING OF REGIONAL FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING SYSTEMS (SIMDA) ON PERFORMANCE OF REGIONAL FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT
Authors: Hidayah Nenden Restu
Published: March 2020

This study examines the effect of Education and Training (Diklat / Bimtek), Understanding of the Regional Financial Accounting System (Simda) on the Performance of regional financial managers. This research was conducted on 60 regional financial managers in 33 Regional Government Work Units (SKPD) Bengkulu City Government. This study collected data by giving questionnaires to respondents. Research data were processed using the SPSS program.The results of the study prove that Education and Training (Diklat / Bimtek), Understanding of the Regional Financial Accounting System (Simda) has a positive effect on the performance of regional financial managers. This proves that the better the management carried out by the regional government towards Diklat / Bimtek, the understanding of Simda which is owned by the regional financial managers in the SKPD, the better the performance of regional financial managers. Bengkulu City regional government to continue to improve the existing Diklat / Bimtek model, together with increasing understanding of Simda towards local government SKPD.
Kalziumantagonisten: nützlich oder schädlich?
Authors: Häusermann Markus
Published: March 2020

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Medikamentöse Glaukombehandlung
Authors: Ritzmann Peter , Spanaus Katharina
Published: March 2020

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Pharmakotherapie bipolarer Störungen
Authors: n/a n/a
Published: March 2020

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Medikamente und Nahrungsmittel
Authors: de Luca Ariane
Published: March 2020

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Streptokokken-Tonsillopharyngitis
Authors: Ritzmann Peter
Published: March 2020

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Obstipation bei Kindern
Authors: Marko Peter
Published: March 2020

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Statine
Authors: Gysling Etzel
Published: March 2020

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Drospirenon
Authors: Gysling Etzel
Published: March 2020

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Bissverletzungen durch Säugetiere
Authors: n/a n/a
Published: March 2020

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Fibromyalgie-Syndrom
Authors: Masche Urspeter
Published: March 2020

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Kardiovaskuläre Risiken oraler Kontrazeptiva
Authors: Kappeler Thomas
Published: March 2020

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Vom Umgang mit Fehlern
Authors: Gysling Etzel
Published: March 2020

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