bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KẾT QUẢ PHẪU THUẬT NỘI SOI NGỰC - BỤNG CẮT THỰC QUẢN ĐIỀU TRỊ UNG THƯ THỰC QUẢN TẠI BỆNH VIỆN BẠCH MAI
Authors: Trần Mạnh Hùng , Nguyễn Trung Kiên , Trần Trung Kiên
Published: April 2024

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá kết quả phẫu thuật nội soi qua hai đường ngực bụng điều trị ung thư thực quản tại Bệnh viện Bạch Mai. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Mô tả kết quả 84 trường hợp được phẫu thuật nội soi ngực bụng cắt thực quản do ung thư tại Khoa ngoại tổng hợp Bệnh viện Bạch Mai từ tháng 02/2020 đến tháng 06/2023. Kết quả nghiên cứu: Tổng số 84 bệnh nhân được phẫu thuật, 100% bệnh nhân ở tư thế nằm nghiêng sấp thì ngực, nằm ngửa, dạng chân ở thì bụng. Thời gian mổ trung bình là 285±42,5 phút, thời gian nằm viện trung bình là 9,2±2,1 ngày. Có 1 trường hợp (1,2%)  rách khí quản trái trong mổ phải chuyển mổ mở. Biến chứng rò miệng nối 11 trường hợp (13,1%), biến chứng viêm phổi 6 trường hợp (7,1%), tử vong sau mổ 2 trường hợp (2,4%). Thời gian sống thêm sau mổ trung bình là 34,02±1,69 tháng, trong đó tỉ lệ sống sau 12 tháng là 92,9%, 24 tháng là 67,7%, 36 tháng là 50,6%.  Kết luận: Phẫu thuật nội soi ngực bụng, nạo vét hạch  hai vùng điều trị ung thư thực quản là phẫu thuật ít xâm hại, an toàn và hiệu quả, sau mổ phục hồi sớm, thời gian sống thêm sau mổ tốt.
BƯỚC ĐẦU ỨNG DỤNG PHƯƠNG PHÁP SIGMA TRONG CẢI TIẾN KIỂM SOÁT CHẤT LƯỢNG XÉT NGHIỆM HOÁ SINH TẠI BỆNH VIỆN NGUYỄN TRI PHƯƠNG
Authors: Nguyễn Minh Hà , Nguyễn Thị Hương
Published: April 2024

Giới thiệu: Chỉ số sigma được dùng như một phương pháp tự đánh giá, giúp phòng xét nghiệm lựa chọn các quy tắc Westgard và lập kế hoạch kiểm soát chất lượng phù hợp. Mục tiêu: đánh giá hiệu quả của việc áp dụng giá trị sigma trong cải tiến việc kiểm soát sai số một số xét nghiệm sinh hoá định lượng. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu can thiệp đánh giá trước sau, thực hiện từ tháng 03-11/2023, xác định giá trị sigma trước và sau khi áp dụng các biện pháp can thiệp, trên tám xét nghiệm sinh hoá định lượng (ure, glucose, creatinine, AST, ALT, GGT, cholesterol, triglyceride), bằng máy DxC700AU (Beckman Coulter), tại Khoa Xét nghiệm, Bệnh viện Nguyễn Tri Phương. Kết quả: Trước can thiệp, GGT và Triglycerid có giá trị sigma xuất sắc cần đơn giản hoá các qui tắc kiểm soát, các thông số còn lại cần áp dụng biện pháp cải tiến kiểm soát. Sau can thiệp, giá trị sigma tăng lên ở toàn bộ 8 thông số (xét cả 2 mức nồng độ), thấp nhất là 4,4 và cao nhất là 12,2. Mức độ cải thiện kém nhất ở Creatinine. Kết luận: Phòng xét nghiệm có thể áp dụng rộng rãi chỉ số sigma để đánh giá hiệu quả cải tiến việc kiểm soát chất lượng của nhiều thông số xét nghiệm.
KẾT QUẢ LÂU DÀI CỦA PHẪU THUẬT CẮT GAN THEO GIẢI PHẪU VÀ THEO THƯƠNG TỔN CÓ KẾT HỢP NỘI SOI ĐƯỜNG MẬT TRONG MỔ ĐIỀU TRỊ SỎI TRONG GAN
Authors: Đoàn Văn Trân , Nguyễn Thanh Sáng
Published: April 2024

Đặt vấn đề: Sỏi trong gan là một bệnh lý khá phổ biến của khu vực Đông Á. Hiện nay, phẫu thuật cắt gan được xem là phương pháp điều trị có hiệu quả tốt với tỷ lệ sạch sỏi cao và tái phát thấp. Mục tiêu: Đánh giá kết quả lâu dài và đề xuất chỉ định của phương pháp. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu can thiệp không nhóm chứng cắt dọc. Kết quả: Từ tháng 2/2011 đến tháng 2/2021, có 134 TH cắt gan với 101 PT mở bụng và 33 phẫu thuật nội soi (PTNS). Tuổi trung bình 47,14 (23 -77 tuổi), nữ 97/134 TH (72,38%). Sỏi gan trái 61,94%, sỏi gan phải 13,43% và sỏi gan hai bên 21,6%. Tỷ lệ hẹp đường mật là 72,38%, trong đó, hẹp bên trái là 55,22%, hẹp bên phải 11,19%, hẹp hai bên 3,73% và hẹp rốn gan 2,23%. PT cắt gan: gan trái 88TH, gan phải 15 TH, phân thùy bên 8 TH, phân thùy trước 2 TH, phân thùy sau 3 TH, hạ phân thùy 14 TH và cắt gan 2 bên 4 TH. Tỷ lệ sạch sỏi ngay sau PT là 82,83% (Sót sỏi chủ yếu ở những TH sỏi gan 2 bên). Tỷ lệ sạch sỏi sau điều trị là 98,0%. Tỷ lệ biến chứng chung là 28,6%, trong đó rò mật là 2,4%, suy gan là 1,6% và 2 TH tử vong. Với thời gian theo dõi trung bình 65,05 tháng, tỷ lệ tái phát là 6,74% (6/89 TH) và chỉ xảy ra ở nhóm sỏi trong gan 2 bên nhưng được cắt gan một bên. Kết luận: PT cắt gan theo giải phẫu và theo thương tổn điều trị sỏi trong gan có tỷ lệ sạch sỏi cao và tỷ lệ tái phát thấp. PT nên được cân nhắc xem xét chỉ định cho những TH sỏi khu trú có nguy cơ tái phát, sỏi kèm gan xơ teo hoặc khi có nghi ngờ hay xác định ung thư đường mật.
Rural Women Entrepreneurship in South Africa: Issues and Challenges
Authors: Donga Gift , Chimucheka Tendai
Published: April 2024

Despite its importance in rural development, women’s entrepreneurship has faced a series of problems in South Africa. For a holistic assessment of such problems, through a literature review approach, this study aims to review prior research on women entrepreneurship, with a focus on the issues and challenges surrounding rural women entrepreneurship in South Africa. Secondary information sources, such as journal articles, theses, books, abstracts, and credible business-affiliated websites, were used to conduct the review. Among the results emerging from the study, some of the key challenges facing South African rural women entrepreneurs include a lack of adequate financing, education and training, gender bias, inadequate business skills, and difficulties in balancing between family and business. In view of these challenges, this study recommends capacity-building programmes, a robust government policy framework, and opening wider channels of funding and awareness to foster entrepreneurial activities among rural women entrepreneurs in South Africa.
DESAFIOS E OPORTUNIDADES NA INTEGRAÇÃO DA INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL NA EDUCAÇÃO A DISTÂNCIA
Authors: Franqueira Alberto da Silva , Anderson Amaro  , Vale Karla Verônica Silva , Dias Lucas Silva , Pedra Rodrigo Rodrigues
Published: April 2024

This study, inspired by the research of Cardoso et al. (2023), who investigated the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in education, focuses on the insertion of AI in distance education as a promising front for educational innovation. The main objective is to identify and analyze the advantages, disadvantages and challenges faced in adopting AI in remote educational contexts. Through a comprehensive literature review and case study analysis, it is observed that AI has the potential to increase student engagement and provide more personalized and accessible learning experiences. The results highlight that AI can adapt teaching to the individual needs of students, offering personalization and adaptation capabilities that can significantly improve the effectiveness of distance learning. However, challenges persist, including the need to invest in robust technological infrastructure, adequately train faculty to effectively use AI-based tools, and consider ethical and privacy issues related to the use of student data. The findings highlight the importance of a collaborative and multidisciplinary approach to maximizing the benefits of AI in distance education. Furthermore, the need to overcome technological and ethical barriers to ensure effective and ethical integration of AI in the educational environment is emphasized. Therefore, this study significantly contributes to the understanding of how AI can be effectively applied in distance education, providing valuable insights for educators, researchers and professionals interested in promoting educational innovation through technology.
PSYCHOLOGICAL FIRST AID TO REDUCE TRAUMA AND DEPRESSION IN THE VICTIMS OF SEXUAL ABUSE: LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Rosyida Naila Zulfa , Sari Jayanti Dian Eka , Fatah Mohammad Zainal
Published: April 2024

Background: The most concerning now is the increasing cases of sexual abuse. The impact of sexual abuse is very detrimental, victims will experience a decrease in appetite, stress, trauma, and even depression. Purpose: To find out the description of Psychological First Aid (PFA) for victims of sexual abuse. Method:  This is narrative literature review.  The inclusion criteria used were the year of publication between 2019-2023, free full text, English or Indonesian, research subjects were victims of sexual abuse, victims' families, and psychology.  The data searching method used was the Boolean searching method with the keywords "PFA" AND "sexual abuse" AND "trauma" OR "depression".  Selection of articles were based on the prism method with data sources from Google Scholar. Results: PFA plays an important role in the long-term effects of sexual abuse in the form of trauma and depression.  PFA can be done by providing modules, psychoeducation, counseling, and coaching to victims of sexual abuse.  Therefore, both families and psychologists must work together in conducting PFA so that victims do not experience trauma and depression due to sexual abuse. Conclusion:  There is an influence on the provision of PFA in reducing trauma and depression in victims of sexual abuse.

Abstrak
Latar Belakang: Hal yang paling memprihatinkan saat ini adalah meningkatnya kasus sexual abuse. Dampak sexual abuse sangat merugikan, korban akan mengalami penurunan nafsu makan, stress, trauma bahkan depresi. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui gambaran Psychological First Aid (PFA) bagi korban sexual abuse. Metode: Ini adalah narrative literatur review. Kriteria inklusi yang digunakan adalah tahun terbit 2019-2023, free full text, bahasa Inggris atau bahasa Indonesia, subjek penelitian adalah korban sexual abuse, keluarga korban dan Psikologi. Pencarian data menggunakan metode boolean searching dengan kata kunci “PFA“DAN“sexual abuse” DAN “trauma” ATAU “depresi”. Pemilihan artikel berdasarkan metode prisma dengan sumber data dari google scholar. Hasil: PFA berperan penting terhadap dampak jangka panjang dari sexual abuse berupa trauma dan depresi. PFA dapat dilakukan dengan memberikan modul, psikoedukasi, konseling dan pembinaan pada korban sexual abuse. Oleh karena itu, baik keluarga maupun ahli psikologi harus bekerja sama dalam melakukan PFA agar korban tidak mengalami trauma dan depresi akibat sexual abuse. Kesimpulan: Terdapat pengaruh terhadap pemberian PFA pada penurunan trauma dan depresi pada korban sexual abuse.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MINDFULNESS AND ACADEMIC RESILIENCE IN STUDENTS OF SYIAH KUALA UNIVERSITY, INDONESIA: CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Sarah Siti , Sari Kartika , Iskandar  , Amna Zaujatul
Published: April 2024

Background:  Students can persist in pursuing education even though there are many demands which are a source of stress and even anxiety and depression. One of the factors of academic resilience comes from within the individual, namely mindfulness. Mindfulness is a state of being attentive and aware of the events at hand. Purpose: This study aims to determine the relationship between mindfulness and academic resilience in Syiah Kuala University students. Method: This study design used quantitative research with a sample of 330 students selected using the probability sampling method with disproportionate stratified random sampling technique. The Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) and the Academic Resilience Scale (ARS-30) were used as research data collection instruments. Results: hypothesis testing using statistical analysis showed a significance value (p)=0.000 (p<0.05). This means that there was a positive relationship between mindfulness and academic resilience in Syiah Kuala University students. It means that the higher the student's mindfulness, the higher the academic resilience, and conversely. On the other hand, the lower the mindfulness, the lower the student's academic resilience ability. Conclusion: This study provides recommendations for future researchers to analyze other factors that influence academic resilience in the hope of producing more comprehensive data.

Abstrak
Latar Belakang: Mahasiswa mampu bertahan menempuh pendidikan meskipun banyak tuntutan yang menjadi sumber stress hingga kecemasan dan depresi. Salah satu faktor ketahanan akademik berasal dari dalam diri individu, yaitu mindfulness. Mindfulness adalah keadaan penuh perhatian dan sadar terhadap kejadian yang sedang dihadapi. Tujuan: penelitian ialah untuk mengetahui hubungan mindfulness dengan resiliensi akademik pada mahasiswa Universitas Syiah Kuala. Metode: Desain penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan sampel sebanyak 330 mahasiswa yang dipilih menggunakan metode probability sampling dengan teknik disproportionate stratified random sampling. Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) dan the Academic Resilience Scale (ARS-30) digunakan sebagai instrumen pengumpulan data penelitian. Hasil: uji hipotesis menggunakan analisis statistik menunjukkan nilai signifikansi (p)=0,000 (p<0,05). Artinya terdapat hubungan positif antara mindfulness dan resiliensi akademik pada mahasiswa Universitas Syiah Kuala, yang artinya semakin tinggi mindfulness pada mahasiswa maka semakin tinggi resiliensi akademik, dan sebaliknya semakin rendah mindfulness, maka semakin rendah kemampuan resiliensi akademik mahasiswa. Kesimpulan: Penelitian ini menyajikan rekomendasi bagi peneliti selanjutnya agar dapat menganalisis faktor lain yang mempengaruhi resiliensi akademik dengan harapan dapat menghasilkan data yang lebih komprehensif.
Exergy analysis and Exergetic sustainability index of package boiler
Authors: Bustan Muhammad Djoni , Haryati Sri , Serigianto Serigianto
Published: April 2024

Energy is one of the basic human needs. Economic growth and population growth in a country which continues to increase is directly proportional to the growth in energy needs required by society. Indonesia is the largest energy user in Southeast Asia, namely more than 36% of Southeast Asia's primary energy use. Utilization of the energy used will reduce the increase in production costs for an industry. The use of energy is better known as energy conservation. Energy and exergy analysis based on the first and second laws of thermodynamics is used to analyze the thermal system of industrial units. This can be applied to equipment units in the fertilizer industry to identify sources of inefficiency, determine their location and the amount of exergy destruction that occur. To reduce exergy destruction, this can be done by modifying the operating conditions of the package boiler. The results show that 94.3% of the total exergy destruction from the boiler package is obtained from the evaporator component with a value of 2.7 x 108 kJ/hr Modification of the operating conditions of the evaporator is carried out by reducing Boiler Feed Water (BFW) inlet temperature with T 100C (196 – 116 oC). The decrease BFW temperature will increase the amount of required latent heat and reduce the convection heat that will be carried by the flue gas to generate superheated steam. Optimization of the BFW temperature is performed be calculating the flue gas temperature and exergoeconomic analysis. Exergoeconomic analysis is performed by calculating the cost rate of exergy destruction (ĊD,k) and exergoeconomic factor (fk). The results obtained were that the temperature was optimum of BFW is at 161°C which resulted the reduction of exergy destruction of 6,2x106 kJ/hr and resulting difference cost losses based on actual data (196 oC) of Rp 1,370,354,743/hr. Exergetic Sustainability Index (ESI) used to demonstrate how reducing a system's environmental impact can be achieved by reducing its exergy consumption (destruction and losses) or increasing its exergetic efficiency. In this research, ESI Value was achieved at 0.918.
La regulación emocional como mediador en la relación entre esquemas disfuncionales tempranos y dependencia emocional en jóvenes españoles
Authors: Etxaburu Nerea , Momeñe Janire , Herrero Marta , Olave Leticia , Iruarrizaga Itziar , Estévez Ana
Published: April 2024

Diversos estudios demuestran que la dependencia emocional es un problema relevante por sus consecuencias en todos los ámbitos de la vida. Los esquemas cognitivos tempranos y las dificultades en la regulación emocional son unos de los factores implicados en su etiología. El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar la relación entre estas variables, hipotetizando que las dificultades en la regulación emocional median la relación entre los esquemas disfuncionales tempranos y la dependencia emocional. Participaron 711 españoles jóvenes, de entre 18 y 30 años, con una edad media de 21,32 años (DT= 2,94). Los resultados mostraron una correlación positiva entre las tres variables y que las dificultades en la regulación emocional mediaban la relación entre los esquemas disfuncionales tempranos y la dependencia emocional en el caso del Abandono, la Dependencia, la Subyugación, la Inhibición emocional, el Autocontrol insuficiente, la Defectuosidad y el Autosacrificio. Este estudio muestra cómo se pueden relacionar estas variables y proporciona información útil para ayudar a las personas con dependencia emocional.
El papel de la impulsividad en la orientación al suicidio de universitarios con antecedentes de conducta autolesiva
Authors: Núñez César , Gómez-Tavares Anyerson , Moreno Jaime , Arango Olber , Muñoz Ana , Caballo Vicente
Published: April 2024

El objetivo de esta investigación fue describir el efecto de la depresión, la desesperanza y la impulsividad sobre la orientación al suicidio y el papel de la impulsividad como mediador de la orientación suicida en universitarios con antecedentes de conductas autolesivas. Participaron 1.645 jóvenes entre los 18 y 29 años, de dos ciudades colombianas. Se seleccionaron 218 jóvenes (M= 21,00; DT= 2,99) que informaron de al menos un intento de suicidio en el último año, quienes contestaron el “Inventario de orientación suicida”, la “Escala de desesperanza de Beck”, el “Inventario de depresión de Beck” y la “Escala de impulsividad de Barratt”. La depresión, la desesperanza y la impulsividad explicaron el 63% de la variación de la orientación al suicidio (R2= 0,635; IC 95% [0,555; 0,713]; p= 0,001). La impulsividad medió con depresión en aquellos casos en los que la orientación suicida era alta, cuyos efectos totales, directos e indirectos, fueron estadísticamente significativos (p< 0,001). La impulsividad desempeña un papel mediador entre la depresión y la desesperanza en la predicción de la orientación suicida.
Exercise dependence in endurance sports: Relation to emotional regulation and negative affectivity
Authors: Leunda Itsaso , Jauregui Paula , Figueras Sara
Published: April 2024

The copious and uncontrolled practice of exercise can generate psychological dependence and mood changes. Emotional regulation and negative affectivity are relevant processes for the development of addictive patterns. This study analysed the differences in negative affectivity and emotional regulation based on the practice profile of exercise; the relationship between exercise dependence, emotional regulation, and negative affectivity; and the mediating role of emotional regulation in such relationship. 375 endurance sports practitioners participated. The differences in the physical exercise practice profiles were significant in all the study variables. Exercise dependence correlated positively and significantly with emotional regulation difficulties and with negative affectivity. Emotional regulation difficulties were predictors of exercise dependence. There was a mediating effect of emotional regulation difficulties between negative affect and exercise dependence. Improving emotional regulation skills could prevent the onset of exercise dependence.
Blocking of Other Party's Account Used by Suspect of Money Laundering Crime in Narcotics Case
Authors: Sulistianor Eko
Published: April 2024

This study aims to analyze the action of blocking accounts of other parties used by suspects of money laundering crimes in narcotics cases. The research adopts a normative legal approach with a descriptive nature. The focus of this study is on the process and legal implications of blocking accounts of other parties in narcotics cases involving money laundering. The legal approach in this research includes analyzing relevant laws and understanding related legal principles. The findings of this study will provide insights into the practice of blocking accounts in the context of narcotics law enforcement and money laundering, as well as its implications within the criminal justice system. The conclusion of this research will offer a better understanding of how the process of blocking accounts of other parties can contribute to the effective handling of narcotics and money laundering cases.
Musiikki, ääni, tiede, tutkimus, painoalat ja lähtökohdat – miksi näitä pitää taas pohtia ja määritellä?
Authors: Ojanen Mikko , Kytö Meri
Published: April 2024

Sibelius Akatemian Trion päätoimittaja Laura Wahlfors (entinen Musiikin päätoimittaja) kuvaili toimittamansa lehden muodonmuutosta ja uuden aikakauden alkua viime vuoden joulukuun numeron pääkirjoituksessa (Wahlfors 2023). Wahlforsin tekstissä huomiota herätti kuvaus siitä, kuinka aiemmin taidemusiikkiin keskittynyt julkaisu on nyt avaamassa oviaan kaikkien musiikkityylien ja musiikintutkimuksen lähestymistapojen julkaisukanavaksi. Moniarvoisuus ja näkökulmien rikkaus on itseisarvo. Musiikki toivottaa Trion näkökulmien laajennuksen erittäin tervetulleeksi. Trion avaus sai myös Musiikin päätoimituksen pohtimaan lehtemme linjaa sekä niitä mielikuvia, joita lukijoilla ja kirjoittajilla Musiikista on. Viimeaikaiset keskustelut tieteenalan painoalavalinnoista, valtakunnallisesta pääsykoeuudistuksesta sekä vastikään käynnissä ollut Musiikin päätoimittajahaku nostattivat esiin mielenkiintoisia havaintoja lehden fokuksesta ja mielikuvista sekä roolista, joka Musiikilla kotimaisena tiedejulkaisuna voisi olla.
Lectio praecursoria: Oppilaan toimijuus yhteismusisoinnissa
Authors: Stolp Eveliina
Published: April 2024

Oletteko koskaan miettineet taputtamista, sen tarkoitusperiä tai tavoitteita? Ne voivat olla sosiaalisia tai poliittisia, sillä taputtamalla osoitamme tukea, kiitollisuutta ja suosiotamme, kannustamme, kommunikoimme ja viestimme mielipiteitämme ihmisille ympärillämme. Taputtaminen on myös taitolaji. Missä saa taputtaa ja missä ei? Taputtaminen ei kuulu oikeussaleihin, ei väitöstilaisuuksiin, eikä taputtaa saa myöskään klassisen musiikin konserteissa, mikäli kapellimestarin tahtipuikko jää ylös musiikkiosien välissä. Taputtaminen vaatii siis äärimmäistä tarkkuutta ja on osoitus sivistyksestä, kulttuurisesta ymmärryksestä ja vuorovaikutustaidoista. Tänään, hyvät kuulijat, on kuitenkin tullut hetki rikkoa taputtamisen taitolajin normeja, sillä vain elämällä ja kokemalla tuon hieman häpeällisen taputtamisen hetken yhdessä, kielletyssä kontekstissa, pääsemme tarkastelemaan taputtamisen syvempiä merkityksiä. Mainittakoon kuitenkin, että minulla on tähän kustoksen myöntämä erityislupa. Jokaisen panos on äärimmäisen tärkeä. Kun lasken kolmeen, arvoisa yleisö, tehtävänne on ryhtyä taputtamaan. Se ei kuitenkaan riitä, vaan tehtävänne on synkronoitua mahdollisimman nopeasti taputtamaan samaa tahtia koko joukolla. Samalla toki viestiäksenne minulle, että haluatte aivan ehdottomasti kuulla lisää. Kun huomaatte ja kuulette olevanne samassa sykkeessä, voitte katsoa kannustavasti ympärillenne ja ilmaista eleillänne vierustoverillenne olevanne ylpeitä aikaansaannoksestanne. Onko valmista? Yksi, kaksi, kolme.
Onnistunut henkilökuva Margaret Kilpisestä
Authors: Mantere Markus
Published: April 2024

Pianisti ja pedagogi Margaret Kilpinen (os. Alfthan, 1896–1965) kuuluu siihen vasta viime vuosina vähitellen esiin nousevaan suomalaisten säveltäjä- ja muusikkonaisten laajaan joukkoon, jonka edesottamukset ovat nousseet aktiivisen tutkimuksen kohteeksi. Esimerkiksi taannoinen Susanna Välimäen ja Nuppu Koivisto-Kaasikin Sävelten tyttäret -hanke toi viime vuonna tietokirjan kautta yleisempään tietoisuuteen suuren joukon 1800-luvun naispuolisia tai naisoletettuja musiikin ammattilaisia. Työtä on tietysti jäljellä vielä paljon, eikä vähiten 1900-luvun suomalaisen musiikkielämän osalta. Myös Pianon historia Suomessa -verkoston tutkimus on tuonut uutta tietoa tutkimussymposium-esitelmien ja niiden pohjalta koottujen antologioiden kautta. Tässä käsiteltävän Kilpisen elämäkerran kirjoittaja MuT Margit Rahkonen on ollut yksi mainitun verkoston perustajista ja myös ylipäätään yksi suomalaisen pianohistorian aktiivisimpia tutkijoita, ja Kilpisen henkilökuva on luontevaa jatkoa hänen aiemmalle työlleen. Rahkosen edellinen laajempi julkaisu on ahvenanmaalaissyntyisen Alie Lindbergin (1849–1933), Lisztin oppilaan, elämäkerta jo kahden vuosikymmenen takaa.
Arvio kirjasta ”Naiset, musiikki, tutkimus – ennen ja nyt”
Authors: Väyrynen Tiia
Published: April 2024

Naiset, musiikki, tutkimus – ennen ja nyt -artikkelikokoelma nostaa esille musiikin ja sukupuolen tematiikkaa ja ongelmallisuutta sekä länsimaisen taidemusiikin historiassa että nykypäivän Suomessa. Teos on yksi ensimmäisistä suomenkielisistä artikkelikokoelmista, joka käsittelee musiikin nais- ja sukupuolentutkimusta sekä naisia ja musiikkia genrerajoja ylittäen. Kirja ammentaa suomalaisesta ja kansainvälisestä tutkimusperinteestä ja käy niiden kanssa keskustelua uusia näkökulmia etsien. Taideyliopisto ja Tutkimusyhdistys Suoni ry järjestivät tammikuussa 2021 ensimmäistä kertaa Naismuusikot-seminaaripäivät ja tämän artikkelikokoelman tekstit on koottu tapahtuman esitysten ja keskustelujen pohjalta. Kirja pitää sisällään viisi vertaisarvoitua artikkelia ja kuusi katsausartikkelia.
ANTICONCEPCIONAL: FATORES DE RISCO
Authors: Barros Camilla Rayza dos Santos , Martins Jullia Ingrid Rodrigues , Silva Lorrane Mikaele de Sousa , Carvalho Glaucia Lemes de , Pedreira Angela Guimaraes
Published: April 2024

Objetivo-. Este trabalho teve como objetivo identificar os fatores de risco a que estão sujeitas as usuárias dos métodos contraceptivos combinados. Métodos –. Foram analisados 27 artigos, onde 23 foram encontrados na LILACS e os outros 4 na SCIELO. Esses artigos foram analisados de acordo com os critérios de exclusão desse estudo e usando os descritores: Anticoncepcionais, fatores de risco, comorbidades, mulheres, contraceptivos hormonais. Resultados- Foi identificado que mulheres que já tenham alguma comorbidade ficam ainda mais propensas a desenvolver acidentes com uso desses métodos. Os principais eventos que ocorrem é o aumento de peso, cefaleia e em casos mais graves IAM e trombose. Métodos contraceptivos podem apresentar vantagens e desvantagens nas mulheres, dentre essas vantagens as mais citadas são a regularização do ciclo, diminuição da cólica menstrual e auxilia no controle de acnes. Conclusão- De acordo com os 27 artigos que foram analisados durante este estudo, foi visto que os usos desses contraceptivos hormonais causam uma serie de prejuízos a saúde das usuárias, principalmente nas usuárias que já tenham algum tipo de comorbidade ou vicio. Em mulheres que não tenham comorbidades esses contraceptivos podem causar acidentes, porém tem um risco inferior por não ter nenhum fator predisponente e geralmente essas mulheres têm efeitos adversos leves com o uso desses métodos.
Noções Succintas de Chimica Philosophica
Authors: Lucas Brandão de Freitas Guimarães Fábio , Correia Gorini Katia , Ferreira de Almeida Oliveira Edson
Published: April 2024

Entre 1837 e 1942 o Colégio Pedro II era considerado o padrão de ensino secundário no país. O presente artigo analisa três edições do livro Noções Succintas de Chimica Philosophica, de autoria do professor Augusto Xavier Oliveira de Menezes, professor catedrático de Química no Colégio Pedro II, publicadas nos anos de 1917, 1926 e 1929. Verifica-se como o autor introduzia a ciência Química e os conceitos iniciais de matéria, quais modelos atômicos eram abordados, se os livros estavam atualizados frente às descobertas científicas em relação ao átomo, quais eram mencionados e como eram classificados os elementos químicos. São discutidas as causas que levaram os livros a serem atuais ou não e quais alterações foram feitas em cada edição. A partir dessa análise, conclui-se que a segunda edição (1917) não era atual em relação aos modelos atômicos já conhecidos ao explicar a matéria apenas sob a ótica do modelo atômico de Dalton (1808). Tal fato se repete na terceira edição (1926). Apenas na quarta edição (1929) há menção aos modelos atômicos de Rutherford (1911), Bohr (1913) e Sommerfeld (1915), o que possibilita afirmar que apenas esta edição era atualizada em relação às descobertas científicas da época.
The effect of worker clothing color on stress in laying hens
Authors: Genc Murat , Ozenturk Ugur
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The environment in which animals are kept must provide suitable conditions for their species. This includes ensuring that animals are healthy, well-fed, safe, able to exhibit species-specific behaviors, not experiencing fear or pain, and not under chronic or acute stress. Poultry welfare is achieved when birds are raised in environments that meet their physiological and ethological needs. Fear can significantly impact animal welfare. Chickens have been significantly altered by human artificial selection. Despite this, they exhibit reactivity towards humans and tend to avoid them. Poultry animals reared in environmentally controlled poultry houses and bred for superior productivity are more sensitive to fear factors and have lost their adaptability to a great extent. This study aimed to determine the effect of personnel clothing color on stress and fear in chickens in layer hen coops. The experiment involved 32-week-old laying hens of three different genotypes. A worker in the henhouse wore six respective different colors of workwear (dark blue, green, red, yellow, black, and white), and sound measurements were taken during this time. The results showed that the color of the worker's clothing influenced the sound intensity of the chickens (P<0.05). White clothing elicited the least reaction, whereas black and dark blue elicited the most. The other three colors showed similar reactions. In conclusion, workers in layer hen coops wearing dark clothing, such as dark blue and black, can induce stress and noise in the animals. Additionally, chickens showed similar reactions to green, red, and yellow colors, with white being the color around which they felt the most secure.
Advantages of assimilating multispectral satellite retrievals of atmospheric composition: a demonstration using MOPITT carbon monoxide products
Authors: Tang Wenfu , Gaubert Benjamin , Emmons Louisa , Ziskin Daniel , Mao Debbie , Edwards David , Arellano Avelino , Raeder Kevin , Anderson Jeffrey , Worden Helen
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The Measurements Of Pollution In The Troposphere (MOPITT) is an ideal instrument to understand the impact of (1) assimilating multispectral and joint retrievals versus single spectral products, (2) assimilating satellite profile products versus column products, and (3) assimilating multispectral and joint retrievals versus assimilating individual products separately. We use the Community Atmosphere Model with chemistry with the Data Assimilation Research Testbed (CAM-chem+DART) to assimilate different MOPITT carbon monoxide (CO) products to address these three questions. Both anthropogenic and fire CO emissions are optimized in the data assimilation experiments. The results are compared with independent CO observations from TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI), the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON), NOAA Carbon Cycle Greenhouse Gases (CCGG) sites, In-service Aircraft for a Global Observing System (IAGOS), and Western wildfire Experiment for Cloud chemistry, Aerosol absorption and Nitrogen (WE-CAN). We find that (1) assimilating the MOPITT joint (multispectral; near-IR and thermal IR) column product leads to better model–observation agreement at and near the surface than assimilating the MOPITT thermal-IR-only column retrieval. (2) Assimilating column products has a larger impact and improvement for background and large-scale CO compared to assimilating profile products due to vertical localization in profile assimilation. However, profile assimilation can outperform column assimilations in fire-impacted regions and near the surface. (3) Assimilating multispectral and joint products results in similar or slightly better agreement with observations compared to assimilating the single spectral products separately.
A multi-model assessment of the early last deglaciation (PMIP4 LDv1): a meltwater perspective
Authors: Snoll Brooke , Ivanovic Ruza , Gregoire Lauren , Sherriff-Tadano Sam , Menviel Laurie , Obase Takashi , Abe-Ouchi Ayako , Bouttes Nathaelle , He Chengfei , He Feng , Kapsch Marie , Mikolajewicz Uwe , Muglia Juan , Valdes Paul
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The last deglaciation (∼20–11 ka BP) is a period of a major, long-term climate transition from a glacial to interglacial state that features multiple centennial- to decadal-scale abrupt climate variations whose root cause is still not fully understood. To better understand this time period, the Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project (PMIP) has provided a framework for an internationally coordinated endeavour in simulating the last deglaciation whilst encompassing a broad range of models. Here, we present a multi-model intercomparison of 17 transient simulations of the early part of the last deglaciation (∼20–15 ka BP) from nine different climate models spanning a range of model complexities and uncertain boundary conditions and forcings. The numerous simulations available provide the opportunity to better understand the chain of events and mechanisms of climate changes between 20 and 15 ka BP and our collective ability to simulate them. We conclude that the amount of freshwater forcing and whether it follows the ice sheet reconstruction or induces an inferred Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) history, heavily impacts the deglacial climate evolution for each simulation rather than differences in the model physics. The course of the deglaciation is consistent between simulations except when the freshwater forcing is above 0.1 Sv – at least 70 % of the simulations agree that there is warming by 15 ka BP in most places excluding the location of meltwater input. For simulations with freshwater forcings that exceed 0.1 Sv from 18 ka BP, warming is delayed in the North Atlantic and surface air temperature correlations with AMOC strength are much higher. However, we find that the state of the AMOC coming out of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) also plays a key role in the AMOC sensitivity to model forcings. In addition, we show that the response of each model to the chosen meltwater scenario depends largely on the sensitivity of the model to the freshwater forcing and other aspects of the experimental design (e.g. CO2 forcing or ice sheet reconstruction). The results provide insight into the ability of our models to simulate the first part of the deglaciation and how choices between uncertain boundary conditions and forcings, with a focus on freshwater fluxes, can impact model outputs. We can use these findings as helpful insight in the design of future simulations of this time period.
Measurement report: The Fifth International Workshop on Ice Nucleation Phase 1 (FIN-01): Intercomparison of Single Particle Mass Spectrometers
Authors: Shen Xiaoli , Bell David M. , Coe Hugh , Hiranuma Naruki , Mahrt Fabian , Marsden Nicholas A. , Mohr Claudia , Murphy Daniel M. , Saathoff Harald , Schneider Johannes , Wilson Jacqueline , Zawadowicz Maria A. , Zelenyuk Alla , DeMott Paul J. , Möhler Ottmar , Cziczo Daniel J.
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Knowledge of chemical composition and mixing state of aerosols at a single particle level is critical for gaining insights into atmospheric processes. One common tool to make these measurements is single particle mass spectrometry. There remains a need to compare the performance of different single particle mass spectrometers (SPMSs). An intercomparison of SPMSs was conducted at the Aerosol Interaction and Dynamics in the Atmosphere (AIDA) chamber at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) in November 2014, as the first phase of the Fifth International Workshop on Ice Nucleation (FIN-01). In this paper we compare size distributions and mass spectra of atmospherically relevant particle types measured by five SPMSs. These include different minerals, desert and soil dusts, soot, bioaerosol (Snomax; protein granule), secondary organic aerosol (SOA) and SOA coated mineral particles. All SPMSs reported similar vacuum aerodynamic diameter (dva) within typical instrumental ranges from ~100‒200 nm (lower limit) to ~2‒3 μm (upper limit). In general, all SPMSs exhibited a wide dynamic range (up to ~103) and high signal to noise ratio (up to ~104) in mass spectra. Common spectral features with small diversities in mass spectra were found with high average Pearson’s correlation coefficients, i.e., for average positive spectra ravg-pos = 0.74 ± 0.12 and average negative spectra ravg-neg = 0.67 ± 0.22. The highest correlation of average mass spectra across all instruments was observed for Snomax (ravg-pos = 0.92 ± 0.04 and ravg-neg = 0.90 ± 0.05), attributed to the prevalence of common markers and similar spectral patterns. The poorest correlation was found for propane soot (ravg-pos = 0.51 ± 0.23 and ravg-neg = 0.35 ± 0.26), primarily because of low detection efficiency (DE) due to small particle size. We found that instrument-specific DE was more dependent on particle size than particle type. We also found that particle identification favored the use of bipolar, rather than monopolar, instruments. Particle classification from “blind experiments” showed that all instruments differentiated SOA, soot, and soil dust, and detected subtle changes in the particle internal mixing, but had difficulties differentiating among specific mineral types and dusts. This study helps to further understand the capabilities and limitations of the single particle mass spectrometry technique in general, as well as the specific instrument performance in characterizing atmospheric aerosol particles. We propose that intercomparison workshops should continue as new SPMSs are developed and, ideally, should include both laboratory and field activities.
Enriching the GEOFON seismic catalog with automatic energy magnitude estimations
Authors: Bindi Dino , Zaccarelli Riccardo , Strollo Angelo , Di Giacomo Domenico , Heinloo Andres , Evans Peter , Cotton Fabrice , Tilmann Frederik
Published: April 2024

Abstract. We present a seismic catalog (Bindi et al., 2024, https://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.2.6.2023.010) including energy magnitude Me estimated from P waves recorded at teleseismic distances in the range 20°≤Δ≤98° and for depths shorter than 80 km. The catalog is built starting from the event catalog disseminated by GEOFON (GEOFOrschungsNetz), considering 6349 earthquakes with moment magnitude Mw≥5 occurring between 2011 and 2023. Magnitudes are computed using 1 031 396 freely available waveforms archived in EIDA (European Integrated Data Archive) and IRIS (Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology) repositories, retrieved through the standard International Federation of Digital Seismograph Networks (FDSN) web services (https://www.fdsn.org/webservices/, last access: March 2024). A reduced, high-quality catalog for events with Mw≥5.8 and from which stations and events with only few recordings were removed forms the basis of a detailed analysis of the residuals of individual station measurements, which are decomposed into station- and event-specific terms and a term accounting for remaining variability. The derived Me values are compared to Mw computed by GEOFON and with the Me values calculated by IRIS. Software and tools developed for downloading and processing waveforms for bulk analysis and an add-on for SeisComP for real-time assessment of Me in a monitoring context are also provided alongside the catalog. The SeisComP add-on has been part of the GEOFON routine processing since December 2021 to compute and disseminate Me for major events via the existing services.
A one-dimensional urban flow model with an eddy-diffusivity mass-flux (EDMF) scheme and refined turbulent transport (MLUCM v3.0)
Authors: Lu Jiachen , Nazarian Negin , Hart Melissa Anne , Krayenhoff E. Scott , Martilli Alberto
Published: April 2024

Abstract. In recent years, urban canopy models (UCMs) have been used as fully coupled components of mesoscale atmospheric models as well as offline tools to estimate temperature and surface fluxes using atmospheric forcings. Examples include multi-layer urban canopy models (MLUCMs), where the vertical variability of turbulent fluxes is calculated by solving prognostic momentum and turbulent kinetic energy (TKE, k) using mixing length scale (l) and drag parameterizations. These parameterizations are based on the well-established 1.5-order k−l turbulence closure theory and are often informed by microscale fluid dynamics simulations. However, this approach can include simplifications such as assuming the same diffusion coefficient for momentum, TKE, and scalars. In addition, the dispersive stresses arising from spatially averaged flow properties have been parameterized together with the turbulent fluxes despite being controlled by different mechanisms. Both of these assumptions impact the quantification of the turbulent exchange of flow properties and subsequent air temperature predictions in urban canopies. To assess these assumptions and improve corresponding parameterization, we analyzed 49 large-eddy simulations (LES) for idealized urban arrays, encompassing variable building height distributions and a comprehensive range of urban densities (λp∈[0.0625,0.64]) seen in global cities. We find that the efficiency of turbulent transport (numerically described via diffusion coefficients) is similar for scalars and momentum but is 3.5 times higher for TKE. Additionally, parameterizing the dispersive momentum flux using the k−l closure was a source of error, while scaling with the pressure gradient and urban morphological parameters appears more appropriate. In response to these findings, we propose two changes to the previous version of MLUCM: (a) separate characterization for turbulent diffusion coefficient for momentum and TKE and (b) introduction of an explicit physics-based “mass-flux” term to represent the fraction of the dispersive momentum transport directly induced from buildings as an amendment to the existing “eddy-diffusivity” framework. The updated one-dimensional model, after being tuned for building height variability, is further compared against the original LES results and demonstrates improved performance in predicting vertical turbulent exchange in urban canopies.
Modeling the effects of tropospheric ozone on the growth and yield of global staple crops with DSSAT v4.8.0
Authors: Guarin Jose Rafael , Jägermeyr Jonas , Ainsworth Elizabeth A. , Oliveira Fabio A. A. , Asseng Senthold , Boote Kenneth , Elliott Joshua , Emberson Lisa , Foster Ian , Hoogenboom Gerrit , Kelly David , Ruane Alex C. , Sharps Katrina
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Elevated surface ozone (O3) concentrations can negatively impact growth and development of crop production by reducing photosynthesis and accelerating leaf senescence. Under unabated climate change, future global O3 concentrations are expected to increase in many regions, adding additional challenges to global agricultural production. Presently, few global process-based crop models consider the effects of O3 stress on crop growth. Here, we incorporated the effects of O3 stress on photosynthesis and leaf senescence into the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) crop models for maize, rice, soybean, and wheat. The advanced models reproduced the reported yield declines from observed O3-dose field experiments and O3 exposure responses reported in the literature (O3 relative yield loss RMSE <10 % across all calibrated models). Simulated crop yields decreased as daily O3 concentrations increased above 25 ppb, with average yield losses of 0.16 % to 0.82 % (maize), 0.05 % to 0.63 % (rice), 0.36 % to 0.96 % (soybean), and 0.26 % to 1.23 % (wheat) per ppb O3 increase, depending on the cultivar O3 sensitivity. Increased water deficit stress and elevated CO2 lessen the negative impact of elevated O3 on crop yield, but potential yield gains from CO2 concentration increases may be counteracted by higher O3 concentrations in the future, a potentially important constraint to global change projections for the latest process-based crop models. The improved DSSAT models with O3 representation simulate the effects of O3 stress on crop growth and yield in interaction with other growth factors and can be run in the parallel DSSAT global gridded modeling framework for future studies on O3 impacts under climate change and air pollution scenarios across agroecosystems globally.
Exploring inferred geomorphological sediment thickness as a new site proxy to predict ground-shaking amplification at regional scale: application to Europe and eastern Türkiye
Authors: Loviknes Karina , Cotton Fabrice , Weatherill Graeme
Published: April 2024

Abstract. To test whether a globally inferred sediment thickness value from geomorphological studies can be used as a proxy to predict earthquake site amplification, we derive site-amplification models from the relation between empirical amplification for sites in Europe and Türkiye and the geomorphological sediment thickness. The new site-amplification predictions are then compared to predictions from site-amplification models derived using the traditional site proxies, VS30 inferred from slope, slope itself, and geological era and slope combined. The ability of each proxy to capture the site amplification is evaluated based on the reduction in site-to-site variability caused by each proxy. The results show that the highest reduction is caused by geological era and slope combined, while the geomorphological sediment thickness shows a slightly larger or equal reduction in site-to-site variability as inferred VS30 and slope. We therefore argue that including geology and geomorphology in site-amplification modelling on regional scale can give an important added value and that globally or regionally inferred models for soil and sediment thickness from fields beyond engineering seismology can have a great potential in regional seismic hazard and risk assessments. Furthermore, the differences between the site-amplification maps derived from different proxies capture the epistemic uncertainty of site-amplification modelling. While the different proxies predict similar features on a large scale, local differences can be large. This shows that using only one proxy when predicting site amplification does not capture the full epistemic uncertainty, which is demonstrated by looking into detail on the site-amplification maps predicted for eastern Türkiye and Syria, where the devastating Kahramanmaraş earthquake sequence occurred in February 2023.