bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Techno-economic analysis of implementing thermal storage for peak load shaving in a campus district heating system with waste heat from the data centre
Authors: Li Haoran , Hou Juan , Ding Yuemin , Nord Natasa
Published: March 2021

Peak load has significant impacts on the economic and environmental performance of district heating systems. Future sustainable district heating systems will integrate thermal storages and renewables to shave their peak heat demand from traditional heat sources. This article analysed the techno-economic potential of implementing thermal storage for peak load shaving, especially for the district heating systems with waste heat recovery. A campus district heating system in Norway was chosen as the case study. The system takes advantage of the waste heat from the campus data centre. Currently, about 20% of the heating bill is paid for the peak load, and a mismatch between the available waste heat and heat demand was detected. The results showed that introducing water tank thermal storage brought significant effects on peak load shaving and waste heat recovery. Those effects saved up to 112 000 EUR heating bills annually, and the heating bill paid for the peak load could be reduced by 15%. Meanwhile, with the optimal sizing and operation, the payback period of the water tank could be decreased to 13 years. Findings from this study might help the heat users to evaluate the economic feasibility of introducing thermal storage.
Comparison of 4th and 5th generation district heating systems
Authors: Gudmundsson Oddgeir , Dyrelund Anders , Thorsen Jan Eric
Published: March 2021

In a pursuit to increase the efficiency of district heating system there has been a continuous focus to reduce the system operating temperatures. This has led to the current state of the art district heating systems, commonly referred to as the 4th generation district heating, also known as low temperature district heating (LTDH). The success of the LTDH has fuelled a lot of research interest in district energy systems, one of the new research topics has been focusing on reducing the operating temperatures down to the ambient temperature (ATDH), commonly referred as 5th generation district heating. In these systems the supply temperature is insufficient for fulfilling the heating demands of the connected buildings, which then requires end-user located heat pumps to raise the supply temperature to the level required by the buildings. As of today, number of ATDH systems have been realized as part of various research projects. The question however remains if ATDH brings additional benefits compared to LTDH. This paper compares the levelized cost of heat from these two systems types for two countries with different climate zones. The results of the analysis indicate that LTDH is the favourable solution in both countries.
Development of a data-driven model to characterize the heat storage of the building thermal mass in energy planning tools
Authors: Georges Laurent , Storlien Elin , Askeland Magnus , Lindberg Karen Byskov
Published: March 2021

In the one hand, energy planning tools compute the cost-optimal investment in the energy system minimizing life cycle costs (LCC). These tools often consider optimal control. The building (or cluster of buildings) is represented by a node where the time profiles of energy demands are given as inputs. The indoor temperate in buildings is typically not considered and may even be difficult to define for a cluster of buildings. Secondly, to perform optimization, the model of the energy system is often linear (e.g. using MILP). In the other hand, the building thermal mass has proven to be a cheap and large source of energy flexibility. Therefore, there is a need for a linear model of the building thermal dynamics when there is a limited knowledge of the indoor temperature. Consequently, the paper proposes a model that tracks the change of indoor temperature and space-heating power rather than their absolute values: the model focuses on the deviations from the reference energy profiles given as input. This framework gives a simple model that is less dependent on the boundary conditions (i.e. the weather, user behaviour and internal gains). In addition, a second-order model is proposed to characterize the transfer function. The model has only four parameters, which simplifies its identification. The model is validated using detailed building performance simulation, namely IDA ICE, on a Norwegian wooden detached house during demand response (DR).
Energy flexibility potential of domestic hot water systems in apartment buildings
Authors: Sørensen Åse Lekang , Walnum Harald Taxt , Sartori Igor , Andresen Inger
Published: March 2021

Domestic Hot Water (DHW) storage tanks are identified as a main source of flexible energy use in buildings. As a basis for energy management in apartment buildings, this paper describes the aggregated DHW use in a case building, and analyses the potential for DHW energy flexibility by simulating different control options. The case study for the work is an apartment building in Oslo with 56 apartments and a shared DHW system. Energy measurements are available for consumed hot water, hot water circulation, and energy supplied to the DHW tanks. The measurements are presented with minute, hourly and daily values. Aggregated daily energy use for the consumed hot water is in average 362 kWh, while the energy supplied is 555 kWh. The potential for energy flexibility is analysed for a base case and for four different rule-based control options: Power limitation, Spot price savings, Flexibility sale and Solar energy. Economic consequences of the control options are compared. With the Norwegian tariff structure, maximum hourly power use has the main impact on the cost. Control systems that aim to reduce the maximum power use may be combined with spot price savings or to offer end-user flexibility services to the grid.
Model predictive control of heat pump based on a regression model fitted to data measured in accordance to EHPA regulation
Authors: Thorsteinsson Simon , Jensen Søren Østergaard , Bendtsen Jan Dimon
Published: March 2021

This paper presents a method for fitting a static regression model for the power consumption of a ground-sourced domestic heat pump, based on a low number of sample points extracted from a common measurement report developed in accordance to European Heat Pump Association (EHPA) regulation. Thereafter, we demonstrate how the coefficients can be updated with aRecursive Least Squaresalgorithm using only commonly accessible measurements. The regression model is designed to be used for control of a heat pump connected to an ON/OFF controlled floor heating system. The target of the method is especially systems where the flow in the floor heating circuits is unknown. The ability of the regression model to predict power consumption of the heat pump is evaluated using measurements obtained from a test-rig having the particular heat pump installed. The regression model is implemented as a module in aMixed Integer Non-linear Model Predictive Controlalgorithm to illustrate the applicability of the model for control purposes. The promising results obtained from this investigation raise the question; should quality data be available in order to enable more advanced control of domestic heat pumps?
Perspectives of building professionals on the use of LCA tools in Swedish climate declaration
Authors: Nair Gireesh , Fransson Åke , Olofsson Thomas
Published: March 2021

From 1st January 2022, Swedish government plan to introduce the climate declarations as a legal requirement for new buildings. LCA is a method that could be used to quantify buildings’ climate impact. The climate declaration in the Swedish building code expects to create interest in LCA among stakeholders. This study aims to identify and understand the challenges and opportunities of using LCA by stakeholders during the early stage of construction process. The study is based on responses from six building professionals to a questionnaire. The policy implications of the study findings are discussed.
Thermal comfort in the low energy building - validation and modification of the Fanger model
Authors: Krawczyk Natalia
Published: March 2021

Nowadays, we spend most of our time inside buildings. Thus, ensuring adequate thermal comfort is an important issue. The paper discusses the issue of thermal comfort assessment in the intelligent low energy building “Energis” of Kielce University of Technology (Poland). The tests conducted in a selected lecture theater focused on collecting anonymous questionnaires containing thermal sensation and air quality votes of the respondents as well as performing measurements of indoor air parameters (air and globe temperatures, relative humidity, air velocity and CO2 concentration). Based on the obtained data a comparison has been done between the actual sensation votes of the volunteers and the calculation results performed with the Fanger thermal comfort model. Two indices have been considered in the paper: PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) and PPD (Predicted Percentage Dissatisfied). A modification of the model has also been proposed, which considers the impact of the carbon dioxide concentration on thermal comfort.
Thermal environment assessment in selected Polish educational buildings
Authors: Dębska Luiza , Krakowiak Justyna
Published: March 2021

The paper presents experimental results of a study on indoor thermal environment in selected educational buildings located in the city of Kielce (Poland). The volunteers in the investigated rooms were asked to fill in the anonymous questionnaires containing questions on their thermal sensation, thermal preference and thermal acceptability votes as well as humidity assessment and humidity preference votes. In total, 83 people completed the questionnaires. Simultaneously, the indoor air parameters were measured with a microlimate meter equipped with precision sensors to measure air and globe temperatures, air velocity and relative humidity. The analysis of the obtained results provides information on the subjective assessment of the thermal environment in the considered rooms. It allowed to assess whether the guidelines given in the standard are consistent with the real feeling of comfort of the respondents. Research in the performed scope has shown that the feelings of the respondents and the standard guidelines diverge. It was noticed that that the subjects definitely felt better in the rooms where the temperature was around 22.5°C. The subjects felt worse at the temperature of 25.3°C and the worst of 27.6°C.
Can Potamopyrgus antipodarum (Gastropoda) affect the prevalence of Trichobilharzia szidati in Lymnaea stagnalis populations?
Authors: Żbikowska Elżbieta , Stanicka Anna , Cichy Anna , Żbikowski Janusz
Published: March 2021

Swimmer's itch is an emerging disease caused by bird schistosomes affecting people all over the world. Lymnaeidae − main host snails in Europe − are the source of harmful cercariae of these zoonotic parasites. The aim of this work was to determine whether Polish lakes, inhabited by Potamopyrgus antipodarum (Gray, 1843), result in a lower potential risk of swimmer's itch compared to lakes uninhabited by this non-native snail species. As a result of the dilution effect created by increasing the diversity of co-occurring non-host targets for miracidia, the risk of this zoonosis may be reduced. We studied the prevalence of digenean trematodes in Lymnaea stagnalis (Linnaeus, 1758) populations from 30 water bodies partly inhabited by P. antipodarum. The bird schistosome infection in snail hosts was found in five lakes inhabited and 11 lakes uninhabited by the non-native snails. The prevalence of these parasitesin host snail populations in the lakes uninhabited was significantly higher than in lakes inhabited by P. antipodarum. We conclude that P. antipodarum seems to be a good potential target for reducing the risk of swimmer's itch via the dilution effect. We expect from our point of view to stimulate a discussion on the use of this species to protect bathing areas against the threat of swimmer's itch.
Study of morphotypes and life history of six clones ofLecane bulla(Gosse, 1851) from Quintana Roo, Mexico
Authors: Arroyo-Castro Jovana Lizeth , Rico-Martínez Roberto , Alvarado-Flores Jesús
Published: March 2021

The genusLecaneis highly diverse, there are 209 species, most of which inhabits tropical aquatic systems. In Quintana Roo 42 species have been reported, one of these isLecane bulladescribed at the widest distribution throughout the Yucatan peninsula however; their morphotypes and demographic features are unknown. Therefore, the objective of this work was identify the presence of morphotypesL.bullaand their life history traits. We evaluated life history and morphometric data of females and asexual and sexual eggs from the populations were established from clonal strains, which remained in laboratory conditions for 6 months. They were kept in a bioclimatic chamber with photoperiod of 12 hours of light and 12 hours darkness, at a 25 ± 2 °C, and were feeding with the green algaeNannochloropsis oculataat 1 × 106cell/ml. Thirty-four clonal strains from six locations were analyzed. Statistical analysis determined significant differences between morphometric measurements (p< 0.001) in the six localities as well as showed statistically significant differences in all demographic parameters. In conclusion, this study indicates the possible coexistence in the same geographical area of two different morphotypes ofL.bulla, one is a small-sized distributed in the northwest of Quintana Roo and another large-sized in the southwest.
A review of dissimilar welding for titanium alloys with light alloys
Authors: Zhang Yan , Yu DeShui , Zhou JianPing , Sun DaQian
Published: March 2021

Titanium (Ti) alloys are widely used in industrial manufacturing, medical treatment, vehicles, and other fields. When welded with other alloys, due to great differences in physical and chemical properties of these materials, cracks easily appear in the joint, and obtaining stable welded joints is difficult. Results show that brittle intermetallic compounds (IMCs) formed in the welding process could reduce the plasticity of the joint. This review aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the recent progress in welding and joining of Ti alloy and light alloys and to introduce current research and application. The methods available for welding Ti alloy and light alloys included fusion welding, brazing, diffusion bonding, friction welding and reactive joining. In this study, control methods of brittle IMCs in the welding process of Ti and other alloys and various improvement measures studied at home and abroad are described.
Modelling coffee leaf rust dynamics to control its spread
Authors: Djuikem Clotilde , Grognard Frédéric , Wafo Roger Tagne , Touzeau Suzanne , Bowong Samuel
Published: March 2021

Coffee leaf rust (CLR) is one of the main diseases that affect coffee plantations worldwide. It is caused by the fungusHemileia vastatrix. Damages induce severe yield losses (up to 70%). Its control mainly relies on cultural practices and fungicides, the latter having harmful ecological impact and important cost. Our goal is to understand the propagation of this fungus in order to propose a biocontrol solution, based on a mycoparasite that inhibitsH. vastatrixreproduction. We develop and explore a spatio-temporal model that describes CLR propagation in a coffee plantation during the rainy and dry seasons. We show the existence of a solution and prove that there exists two threshold parameters, the dry and rainy basic reproduction numbers, that determine the stability of the equilibria for the dry and rainy season subsystems. To illustrate these theoretical results, numerical simulations are performed, using a non-standard finite method to integrate the pest model. We also numerically investigate the biocontrol impact. We determine its efficiency threshold in order to ensure CLR eradication.
Regard socio-anthropologique sur la géologie de terrain en sciences de la Terre
Authors: Raineau Laurence
Published: March 2021

Si dans le contexte environnemental actuel il devient difficile d’identifier une nature autonome et indépendante de l’Homme et de la société, quel est alors l’objet des sciences de la nature ? Nous proposons d’apporter ici une réponse à partir d’une enquête socio-anthropologique réalisée dans le cadre d’un projet interdisciplinaire à l’initiative des sciences de la Terre. Celle-ci nous a conduit à pointer l’importance du rapport au terrain dans la culture du géologue, même si ce terrain est souvent mis au second plan (ou disparaît même parfois) des publications en sciences de la Terre. Cette approche socio-anthropologique de la géologie, révélant la place du sujet dans la formation de la connaissance, permettra de conclure sur l’importance d’une réflexion pluridisciplinaire sur l’ethos du chercheur face aux enjeux environnementaux d’aujourd’hui.
SMR & GEN IV, vers de nouveaux horizons
Authors:   La rédaction
Published: March 2021

Alors que les réacteurs de quatrième génération (GEN IV) étaient jusqu’alors majoritairement envisagés pour la forte puissance, le développement des SMR offre aux chercheurs et industriels de nouvelles opportunités d’exploration des concepts. En effet, la baisse de la puissance incite à repenser entièrement les applications de certaines technologies. Ainsi, quasiment toutes les filières de réacteurs de GEN IV considèrent aujourd’hui des projets de développement de type SMR.
SMR, répondre aux besoins
Authors:   La rédaction
Published: March 2021

Actuellement, les réacteurs nucléaires sont essentiellement utilisés pour produire de l’électricité distribuée dans le réseau. Mais pourrait-il en être autrement ? La chaleur produite par la réaction nucléaire pourrait-elle être utilisée pour alimenter les réseaux d’eau chaude par exemple ? La cogénération chaleur/électricité, pourrait-elle être directement utilisée pour la production d’hydrogène ? Les SMR pourraient répondre à ces nouveaux besoins, notamment environnementaux.
Formation of the “Green Economy” in the Innovative Model of Sustainable Ukraine’s Development
Authors: Zakharchenko Natalia , Pawliszczy Dariusz , Orlova Nataliia , Navolska Nataliya , Apostolyuk Oksana
Published: March 2021

The purpose of the study- is to substantiate the problems and prospects of forming a "green" economy and a way to implement sustainable development at the national level. Regional and global levels in the long run. The active growth of "green" enterprises, the introduction of innovative technologies and the reduction of waste and harmful emissions in various sectors of Ukraine's economy, the transition to energy-saving technologies and biofuels and "greening" of agriculture promise to ensure the country's energy security. This allows for increased incomes and formal employment in these sectors of the economy in the short and long term, while providing more environmental, economic and social benefits, which in general leads to a higher level of well-being of the population and the country. At the same time, although the transition to a "green" economy will require large-scale investments, these investments can be mobilized through sound government policies and innovative financing mechanisms.
Importance of the Innovative Business Models for the Future Success of the Company
Authors: Djuraeva Leyla
Published: March 2021

During the last decade, the market environment for the businesses has been influenced by digital developments and as a result, the focus on business model innovations has rapidly grown. Businesses started moving away from the classic method of creating competitive advantage like a new product development. Thus, this influenced business activities as well as companies’ business models into innovations of new products and services, a new ways of company relationships with customers and employees. Customers started expecting to receive services at a level comparable to digital solutions. Simultaneously, it put pressure on organizations to reflect on their current strategy and discover new business opportunities at the early stages. Digitalization is a one of the significant reasons for innovation on the business model of companies. Currently, business model as a tool is becoming a very popular topic due to its benefits received by companies and this topic studied by various researchers. This paper is based on theoretical perspective and the study was done by analysing previous researches, articles and papers in the present context. The study emphasizes that business model innovation can be a basis of sustainable competition for companies and innovators may increase their returns 4 times than product and service developers.
Determination of the Clustering Potential of the Machine-Building Industry in Zaporizhzhia Region
Authors: Pulina Tеtіana , Shmygol Nadiia , Somych Nikolai , Narivs'kyi Oleksii , Gudz Peter
Published: March 2021

The possibilities of creating cluster associations of enterprises in the sub-branches of the Machine Building Industry in the Zaporizhzhia region by determining the clustering potential are considered. The potential of clustering of the engineering industry enterprises of the Zaporizhzhia region was assessed by using the localization coefficients, production per person and specialization of the industries. According to the results of the assessment of the clustering potential of the machine-building industry in Zaporizhzhia there are such five sub-sectors were identified in which the creation of clusters is possible: the production of computers, electronic and optical products, the production of electrical equipment, the production of machinery and equipment that are not assigned to other groupings, the production of motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers and other vehicles, the production of furniture and other products; repair and installation of machinery and equipment. It is proved the need to create a еlectric equipment production cluster in Zaporizhzhia region.
The Ethnomatematics and Ethnolinguistics of the Cultural Aimara – Peru
Authors: Yucra Elena Yucra , Aguilar Oscar Mamani , Morales-Aranibar Luis
Published: March 2021

Current research on cultures worldwide has been recovering the knowledge of our ancestors, which has been lost over time and education in the Spanish language does not seek to recover them. The objective of the research is to describe the ethnomathematics and ethnolinguistics of the Aymara culture in the district of Pomata, Puno. The type of research is qualitative-ethnographic. The methodology applied was the interview, survey, participatory observation. Aymara culture currently practices ethnomathematical knowledge to designate the “Jilawi” ages of people, of the time by “Pacha chimpu”; the stars are recognized, the morning star “Qhantati ururi”, the Andean new year “Machaqa mara” is celebrated in June, the “Yapuchañanaka” crops; the harvest “Yapu apthapi”, ethnogeometry uses it for designs of their houses, marking animals, such as the triangle “Kimsa k'uchu”, square “Pusi k'uchu”, rectangle “Pusi wiskhalla”; they measure the cereals “phuqthu” by hand, the land by “Yunta”. Aymara ethnolinguistics began with the “k’inchu”, which were colored threads with knots, and each color had a meaning: white means living in harmony; black mourning and protection; lead property record; coffee registration and marking of animals; They learned to read and write clandestinely, some serving priests, others through military service.
Theoretical Design of the Formation of Professional Communicative Competence of Future Non-Language Experts in the Process of Learning a Foreign Language
Authors: Lazariev Oleh , Fernos Yuliia , Komisarenko Nataliia , Movchan Liudmyla , Oliinyk Olena
Published: March 2021

Competence-based technologies used for teaching a foreign language in non-linguistic higher education institutions, put at the center of all education system student competence, providing comfortable, conflict-free conditions of its development, realization of natural and acquired potentials. The construction of a competence-based educational process presupposes the orientation of the training space on the competence sphere of students. The studied experience makes it possible to identify competencebased “platforms”, as well as the main “landmarks” for teaching a foreign language to future experts of non-linguistic specialties. Not only the general English language course, which is quite universal for all specialties, but also the professionally-oriented course, which depends on the chosen specialty in the higher education institution, acquires great importance in the training of future non-language experts. The competence orientation of teaching foreign languages to students of non-linguistic specialties is to ensure proficiency in a foreign language within the framework of both everyday communication and in the specialty at a creative and professional level. Theoretical design of the formation of professional communicative competence of future non-language professionals in the process of learning a foreign language confirms the feasibility of the proposed method, allows us to theoretically justify its effectiveness.
Cognitive Metaphors of Covid-19 Pandemic in Business News
Authors: Kozlova Tetyana
Published: March 2021

The research considers the COVID-19 pandemic cognitive metaphors conveyed by means of the English language in business news. The interpretation of metaphor goes beyond its traditional understanding as a rhetorical device. The approach is consistent with a cognitive theory claiming that metaphor is a mental instrument to reflect the way we reason and imagine the world. The paper provides a brief theoretical framework of the research, discusses the concept, role and types of cognitive metaphor. It deals with particular cases of metaphoric representations of the pandemic selected fromThe Financial Times, an international daily with focus on business and economic affairs. The results of the study reveal a variety of lexical means to express the dynamic image of the pandemic that exhibits a gradual shift from the military metaphor to variant interpretations. The findings prove the pervasiveness of metaphor in business and mass media communication, its significance to understand difficult situations, efficiently communicate ideas and influence the audience.
Cross-Cultural Analysis: Representation of Some Aspects of a Parent-Child Relationship (on the Examples of English and Uzbek Proverbs)
Authors: Mamatova Feruza
Published: March 2021

The research paper deals with the problems of modern linguistics such as linguistic picture of the world which is realized principally by researching culturally marked linguistic phenomenon. A parent-child relationship is mostly studied by sociology, however, the fact that variety of speech in a parent-child relationship which is reflected in a linguistic image of the world makes it an object for linguistics. In addition to this, the study of the reflection of family relationship in the language enables to carry out a cross-cultural analysis by tools of linguoculturology. As data of the research English and Uzbek proverbs were selected from different sources. Analysis of phraseological units of English and Uzbek proverbs related to a parent-child relationship enabled to reveal similarities, differences, unique and specific features of this type of tradition. The periphery of this phenomenon comprises such notions as “parents are irreplaceable people”, “parents’ love” and “child’s behaviour at different ages”, “child associations” and others. Proverbs create a clear imagination of a parent- child relationship that has enough connotations expressed in the language. The analysis of the research may be implemented in cross-cultural studies, translation lessons and can be useful for a further research in this area.
Plurilingual Approach to Improving Lexical Competence of Non-Linguistic Majoring Students
Authors: Chyzhykova Olha , Romanenko Oksana , Bazarenko Iryna , Dzevytska Larysa , Baitelessova Ainur Jgiyatker
Published: March 2021

This paper presents innovative approaches to improving lexical competence of non-linguistic students. The authors analyze the concept of terminological vocabulary in professional discourse, paying special attention to peculiarities of teaching vocational-oriented vocabulary to non-linguistic majoring students. Pedagogical technologies based on plurilingual approach in teaching professionally oriented vocabulary are offered in this article. The authors disclose the main features of acquiring professionally oriented vocabulary in distance learning and its effect on the learning process. Furthermore, the best practices for the English-German-French combination are explored in teaching non-linguistic students professionnally oriented vocabulary from a plurilingual and communicative perspective. The findings also show that these activities not only motivate learners to be engaged in meaningful language learning experience, but also encourage them to improve their plurilingual communicative competence, therefore enrich their professionnally oriented vocabulary. The focus lies on exploring the use of plurilingual approach as an effective means for improving professional linguistic competence. Recommendations for teachers and non-linguistic students on mastering their professionnally oriented vocabulary are presented in this paper.
Digital Transformations in Agri-Food Systems: Innovation Drivers and New Threats to Sustainable Rural Development
Authors: Borodina Olena , Rykovska Oksana , Mykhailenko Oksana , Fraier Oleksii
Published: March 2021

The paper proves that sweeping digital transformations are a global trend in agri-food development. Significantly improved economic efficiency, rational use of natural resources, operational exchange of relevant information, new markets, and economic opportunities under modern climate change are possible owing to digital transformations. It is grounded that the elimination of world hunger based on the provided internal food security and secured rural communities should be the primary goal of the digital innovations in agri-food systems within Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The paper states that along with the significant benefits of digital technologies, the great destructive impact on the overall societal development is possible due to the corporate monopolization of digital processes. Thus, there is the risk of the development of food systems, which are characterized by decreasing in the food supply, loss of biodiversity and rural livelihoods. Proposals to mitigate the threats of digitalization, strengthen internal food security and enhance the development of rural communities through information and communication technologies (ICT) are substantiated. The specific of the agri-food digitalization in Ukraine is outlined, which is determined by the duality of the organizational structure of agriculture (corporate and individual sector) with a tendency to the concentration of land, power, and financial resources in favor of corporations expanding opportunities for digitalization. Appropriate safety measures to mitigate the negative impact on the development of small producers, rural areas, and Ukrainian society are identified.
Assessment of Climate Change by Dendrochronological Methods in Polissya
Authors: Koval Iryna , Meshkova Valentyna , Maksymenko Nadiya , Roibu Catalin-Constantin , Obolonik Iryna
Published: March 2021

Dendrochronological methods were used to study the response of Quercus robur L. to climate change in Polissya. Negative pointer years (1950, 1976, 1995, 1999, 2002, 2008, and 2011) resulted from the precipitation deficiency during the growing season, cold or extremely warm winters, and abnormal early-spring temperatures. Positive pointer years (1967, 1997, 2001, and 2007) had a favorable heat and moisture balance. Dendroclimatic analysis of oak regional tree-ring chronology showed that during the spring and summer terms of 1980 - 2013, as compared to the previous 1946–1979, there a decrease in the positive influence of temperatures on the oak radial growth. In the second period, the negative impact of precipitation during the cold period on radial growth increased. The adverse impact of April precipitation on radial growth for both periods was revealed as well as the positive influence of July precipitation in the first period and precipitation in June and July in the second one. The increased influence of temperatures and precipitation on the oak radial growth in 1980 - 2013, as compared to previous 1946-1979, indicates an increase in the tree sensitivity to climate change in the second period.
Urban Green Space: Comparing the EU and Ukrainian Practice
Authors: Lishchynskyy Ihor , Lyzun Mariia , Siskos Evangelos , Savelyev Yevhen , Kuryliak Vitalina
Published: March 2021

The goal of the paper is to compare the urban green space practice in the EU and Ukraine to find the advantages and drawbacks of both approaches. In order to reach the goal, following tasks has been raised: (1) to reveal the most common patterns of green space allocation in European cities; (2) to consider the urban green landscape in Ukrainian first-tier and second-tier cities; (3) to compare the trends and challenges of urban green space allocation in the EU and Ukraine. In Europe, a typical pattern of green space is a combination of greenbelts, regional green areas, green wedges, green middles, green infrastructure, etc. The main significant feature and advantage of green areas in European cities is the connectivity of the larger objects (parks and woods) and smaller ones (squares, boulevards, inter-quarter plantings, etc.). Urban territories in Ukraine involves quite large green areas (mostly by combining "communal parks" and "green infrastructure"). Transformation crisis leads to the vast decline of industrial zones, which were spontaneously transformed into de-facto green or brown spaces. After economic recovery green space is shrinking dramatically under the pressure of commercial and residential zones. For Ukraine, the challenge is the creation of small urban landscaping facilities and increasing functional content and quality of the existing green spaces.
Eco-Controlling: Prospects for the Environmental Policy in Enterprise Management
Authors: Matukova Hanna , Khrapkina Valentyna , Bahashova Natalia , Matukova-Yaryha Daria , Levitskaia Alla
Published: March 2021

The research defines eco-controlling as a new trend of the enterprise environmental policy in the field of environmental protection, its place in the enterprise control system under conditions of permanent changes of the economic environment and environmental challenges. There are outlined tasks of eco-controlling that covers a wide variety of issues associated with ensuring the enterprise’s effective activity in the long run considering requirements of environmental protection. The authors substantiate efficiency of introducing eco-controlling as a set of tasks of planning, accounting, controlling, analyzing and auditing environmental aspects of industrial enterprises’ activity.
Current Aspects of Prevention of Coal Freezing by Means of Inorganic and Organic Reagents
Authors: Shmeltser Ekaterina , Kormer Maryna , Lyalyuk Vitalij
Published: March 2021

In the cold season, irregular coal supplies to coke plants are aggravated by the need to heat the coal cars. Thawing of rail cars in garages (enclosures) is the least efficient and most expensive approach. Treatment of the coal concentrates with chemical additives reliably prevents freezing in winter during transit from suppliers to consumers. With a view to finding new reagents for preventing the freezing of coal in winter, the lime, the acetates and chlorides of alkaline-earth and alkaline metals are studied. Attention focuses on their physicochemical characteristics, methods of preparation and of introduction in coal concentrate, and their influence on freezing. The results of studies have shown that the use of organosilicon is more effective use of acetates and chlorides of metals. The high activity of organosilicon substances is explained by their elemental composition and structure of molecules.
Psychodiabetologie
Authors: Albus Christian , Petrak Frank
Published: March 2021

Patienten mit Diabetes mellitus vom Typ 1 oder 2 benötigen relativ
häufig eine psychotherapeutische oder psychopharmakologische Behandlung im
Zusammenhang mit ihrer Erkrankung, z. B. wegen Problemen mit der
Krankheitsbewältigung und/oder einer psychischen
Komorbidität. Beide Anlässe sind oft verknüpft mit
diabetes-spezifischen Problemen, aber auch mit Folge- oder Begleiterkrankungen.
Robotisch assistierte Nierenlebendspende – technische Aspekte und erste Evidenz
Authors: Glatz Torben , Brinkmann Sebastian , Bausch Dirk
Published: March 2021

Die minimalinvasive Nephrektomie zur Lebendspende hat sich über die letzten 2 Jahrzehnte zum Standard in den meisten Transplantationszentren entwickelt und hat zu einer Reduktion der postoperativen Morbidität beim Spender beigetragen. Die robotisch assistierte Technik stellt eine Alternative zur herkömmlichen (handassistierten) laparoskopischen Technik dar und wird in der Zukunft vermehrt Anwendung finden. In dieser Übersichtsarbeit gehen wir anhand unserer eigenen Erfahrungen auf technische Aspekte der robotischen Nephrektomie ein und geben einen Überblick über die aktuell verfügbare Literatur. Die robotisch assistierte Nierenlebendspende ist ein sicherer Eingriff mit einer sehr geringen postoperativen Komplikationsrate. Ein Vorteil des Eingriffs gegenüber der offenen Operationstechnik liegt in einer Reduktion des postoperativen Analgetikabedarfs und einer vergleichsweise reduzierten Krankenhausverweildauer bei jedoch verlängerter Operations- und Warmischämiezeit ohne
messbaren Effekt auf die Transplantatfunktion. Die Ergebnisse entsprechen im Wesentlichen denen der laparoskopischen Technik, wobei sich eine weitere Beschleunigung der postoperativen Rekonvaleszenz andeutet. Die Vorteile der robotisch assistierten Technik liegen aufgrund der besseren Expositionsmöglichkeiten vornehmlich bei Patienten mit hohem BMI und multiplen Nierenarterien sowie bei rechtsseitigen Nephrektomien, bei denen eine längere Transplantatarterie gewonnen werden kann. Die robotisch assistierte Nierenlebendspende ist aus der Zukunft der Transplantationschirurgie nicht mehr wegzudenken und stellt eine ernst zu nehmende Alternative zur herkömmlichen laparoskopischen Technik dar.
Ausbildung von Entnahmechirurgen abdomineller Organe in Deutschland – Herausforderungen und Lösungsansätze
Authors: Rauchfuß Falk , Dondorf Felix , Braun Felix , Schemmer Peter , Schnitzbauer Andreas Anton , Vogel Thomas , Schleicher Christina
Published: March 2021

Die Entnahme abdomineller Organe zur Transplantation ist ein hochspezialisierter Eingriff, der den 1. Schritt zu einer erfolgreichen Transplantation darstellt. Im folgenden Artikel soll ein Überblick über die organisatorischen Rahmenbedingungen, die derzeitige Ausbildung der Entnahmechirurgen in Deutschland sowie die damit einhergehenden Herausforderungen gegeben und diese auch im internationalen Kontext diskutiert werden.
A Systematic Review of Risk Factors for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Failure
Authors: Shen Xianyue , Qin Yanguo , Zuo Jianlin , Liu Tong , Xiao Jianlin
Published: March 2021

Although most studies have introduced risk factors related to anterior
cruciate ligament reconstruction failure, studies on combinations of
high-risk factors are rare. To provide a systematic review of the risk
factors of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction failure to guide
surgeons through the decision-making process, an extensive literature search
was performed of the Medline, Embase and Cochrane Library databases. Studies
published between January 1, 2009, and September 19, 2019, regarding the
existing evidence for risk factors of anterior cruciate ligament
reconstruction failure or graft failure were included in this review. Study
quality was evaluated with the quality index. Ultimately, 66 articles met
our criteria. There were 46 cases classified as technical factors, 21 cases
as patient-related risk factors, and 14 cases as status of the knee joint.
Quality assessment scores ranged from 14 to 24. This systematic review
provides a comprehensive summary of the risk factors for anterior cruciate
ligament reconstruction failure, including technical factors,
patient-related factors, and the factors associated with the status of the
knee joint. Emphasis should be placed on avoiding these high-risk
combinations or correcting modifiable risk factors during preoperative
planning to reduce the rate of graft rupture and anterior cruciate ligament
reconstruction failure.
Immediate Effects of two Isometric Calf Muscle Exercises on
Mid-portion Achilles Tendon Pain
Authors: Bradford Ben , Rio Ebonie , Murphy Myles , Wells Jacob , Khondoker Mizanur , Clarke Celia , Chan York , Chester Rachel
Published: March 2021

The objectives of this randomized, cross-over pilot study were to determine
whether isometric plantarflexion exercises resulted in an immediate change
in Achilles tendon pain during a loading task, and whether this differed in
knee extension or flexion. Eleven participants with mid-portion Achilles
tendinopathy were recruited from NHS community physiotherapy services and
local running clubs. Participants were then randomized to complete an
isometric calf muscle exercise with the knee fully extended or flexed to
80°. Participants switched to the alternate exercise after a minimum
seven-day period. Achilles tendon pain during a specific, functional load
test was measured on a 11-point numeric pain rating scale (NPRS) pre- and
post-intervention. There was a small, immediate, mean reduction in pain
following isometric plantar flexion performed in both knee extension (1.6,
95%CI 0.83 to 2.45, p=0.001) and knee flexion (1.3,
95%CI 0.31 to 2.19, p=0.015). There were no significant
differences between the two positions. A non-significant, potentially
clinically relevant finding was a 20% larger reduction in symptoms
in knee extension versus flexion (p=0.110). In conclusion, isometric
plantarflexion holds gave an approximately 50% immediate reduction
in Achilles tendon pain with a functional load test. There were no
significant differences between the two positions and both were well
tolerated.
Online-Lehre in der Chirurgie
Authors: König Sarah , Datta Rabi Raj , Flemming Sven , Kauffels-Sprenger Anne , Rüsseler Miriam , Sterz Jasmina
Published: March 2021

Die Gestaltung und Umsetzung von Online-Lehre werden schon seit Langem in der chirurgischen Ausbildung für das Medizinstudium diskutiert. Sie gewinnt im Zuge der fortschreitenden
Digitalisierung und nicht zuletzt aufgrund des aktuellen Pandemiegeschehens eine besondere Bedeutung. Immer drängender stellen sich Fragen zu den Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Online-Lehre,
was sich aktuell unter dem Entwicklungsdruck bereits bewährt hat, und wie zukunftsträchtige Konzepte gestaltbar sind. Dieser Artikel adressiert die Rahmenbedingungen und die verschiedenen
Online-Lehrformate in der Chirurgie und zeigt das Spannungsfeld zwischen technischer Machbarkeit, Umsetzungserfahrungen und didaktischer Zielerreichung auf.
ESPRAS Survey on Breast Reconstruction in Europe
Authors: Giunta Riccardo E. , Hansson Emma , Moellhoff Nicholas , Elander Anna , Andresen Carolina , Athanasopoulos Elias , Benedetto Giovanni di , Celebic Aleksandra Bozovic , Caulfield Robert , Costa Horacio , Demirdöver Cenk , Georgescu Alexandru , Hemelryck Thierry van , Henley Mark , Kappos Elisabeth A. , Karabeg Reuf , Karhunen-Enckell Ulla , Korvald Christian , Mortillet Stephane de , Murray Dylan J. , Palenčár Drahomír , Piatkowski Andrzej , Pompeo Fabio Santanelli di , Psaras Georgios , Rakhorst Hinne , Rogelj Klemen , Rosenkrantz Hölmich Lisbet , Schaefer Dirk J. , Spendel Stephan , Stepic Nenad , Vandevoort Marc , Vasar Olavi , Waters Ruth , Zic Rado
Published: March 2021

Background The European Leadership Forum (ELF) of the European Society of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery (ESPRAS) previously identified the need for harmonisation of breast reconstruction standards in Europe, in order to strengthen the role of plastic surgeons. This study aims to survey the status, current trends and potential regional differences in the practice of breast reconstruction in Europe, with emphasis on equity and access.

Materials and Methods A largescale web-based questionnaire was sent to consultant plastic and reconstructive surgeons, who are experienced in breast reconstruction and with understanding of the national situation in their country. Suitable participants were identified via the Executive Committee (ExCo) of ESPRAS and national delegates of ESPRAS. The results were evaluated and related to evidence-based literature.

Results A total of 33 participants from 29 European countries participated in this study. Overall, the incidence of breast reconstruction was reported to be relatively low across Europe, comparable to other large geographic regions, such as North America. Equity of provision and access to breast reconstruction was distributed evenly within Europe, with geographic regions potentially affecting the type of reconstruction offered. Standard practices with regard to radiotherapy differed between countries and a clear demand for European guidelines on breast reconstruction was reported.

Conclusion This study identified distinct lack of consistency in international practice patterns across European countries and a strong demand for consistent European guidance. Large-scale and multi-centre European clinical trials are required to further elucidate the presented areas of interest and to define European standard operating procedures.
Synthesis of Fused Diaziridine Derivatives from Cyclic Secondary Amines by Utilizing N-Bromosulfonamides as an Aminating Reagent
Authors: Minakata Satoshi , Kiyosu Yuuki , Tanaka Shino , Okumura Sota , Kiyokawa Kensuke
Published: March 2021

The synthesis of a series of fused diaziridines, which are difficult to access by existing methods, was achieved by the reaction of cyclic secondary amines with p-toluenesulfonamide in the presence of N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) and a suitable base. This oxidation system enables the efficient in situ formation of the key intermediates, which are N-bromoamines (a precursor of cyclic imines) and N-bromosulfonamides. In addition, an alternative method using N-bromo-N-sodio-p-toluenesulfonamide (bromamine-T) in the presence of a catalytic amount of CF3CO2H for the synthesis of fused diaziridines is also reported.
Rhodium(I)-Catalyzed CO-Gas-Free Arylative Dual-Carbonylation of Alkynes with Arylboronic Acids via the Formyl C–H Activation of Formaldehyde
Authors: Morimoto Tsumoru , Wang Chuang , Tanimoto Hiroki , Artok Levent , Kakiuchi Kiyomi
Published: March 2021

The rhodium(I)-catalyzed reaction of alkynes with aryl­boronic acids in the presence of formaldehyde results in a CO-gas-free arylative dual-carbonylation to produce γ-butenolide derivatives. The simultaneous loading of phosphine-ligated and phosphine-free rhodium(I) complexes is required for efficient catalysis. The former complex catalyzes the abstraction of a carbonyl moiety from formaldehyde through the activation of its formyl C–H bond (decarbonylation) and the latter catalyzes the subsequent dual-incorporation of the resulting carbonyl unit (carbonylation). The use of larger amounts of the phosphine-ligated rhodium(I) complex generates more carbonyl units, leading to the formation γ-butenolides via the dual-incorporation of the carbonyl unit.
Iron-Catalyzed Oxidative Radical Alkoxycarbonylation of Activated Alkenes with Carbazates toward Alkoxycarbonylated Benzimidazo[2,1-a]isoquinolin-6(5H)-ones
Authors: Tang Yucai , Zhang Xiangyang , Li Min , Huang Hongxin , Wang Feifei , Hu Xia
Published: March 2021

A FeCl2·4H2O-catalyzed oxidative alkoxycarbonylation of activated alkenes with carbazates toward alkoxycarbonylated benzimidazo[2,1-a]isoquinolin-6(5H)-ones has been established. The reaction proceeded smoothly to furnish a series of structurally diverse benzimidazo[2,1-a]isoquinolin-6(5H)-one frameworks in moderate to good yield.