bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fatores de virulência de isolados fúngicos de ambiente hospitalar em uma região de transição Amazônia-Cerrado
Authors: Fontenelle Pedro Henrique Cunha , Marques Sirlei Garcia , Azevedo Conceição de Maria Pedrozo e Silva de , Diniz Yankee Costa Magalhães , Santos Beatriz Gomes dos , Holanda Rodrigo Assuncao , Santos Julliana Ribeiro Alves
Published: June 2024

As micoses são doenças negligenciadas e representam um importante problema de saúde pública, apresentando uma alta morbimortalidade, embora a maioria delas não seja de notificação compulsória no Brasil. Desta forma, o objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar os fatores de virulência de isolados fúngicos em um hospital de referência em uma região de transição Amazônia-Cerrado. O estudo foi realizado com amostras biológicas de pacientes internados em Unidades Hospitalares de São Luís-MA, no período de Janeiro de 2020 a Janeiro de 2024. As amostras foram coletadas para identificação das espécies fúngicas pelo MALDI-TOF. Em seguida, foram realizados os testes de virulência. Dos isolados testados, todas as cepas apresentaram formação do halo, indicando uma maior produção significativa (p< 0,05) da fosfolipase. Observou-se que as amostras apresentaram a capacidade de produzir as exoenzimas proteinase, no qual destaca-se que todas as amostras apresentaram a Zona de Precipitação (PZ) < 0,70 sendo consideradas, de acordo com sua intensidade, como muito forte produtoras de proteinase e catalase positiva.Logo, este trabalho foi concebido com o propósito de adquirir entendimento acerca da patogenicidade dos fungos responsáveis pelas micoses invasivas e seu significado primordial para a saúde pública, visto que tais agentes causaminfecções fúngicas graves que, lamentavelmente, conduzem um número substancial de pacientes ao óbito e Parte superior do formulário
geram custos elevados para o sistema único de saúde.
Planejamento e previsão do preço do açaí no Amazonas: análise com base no modelo X12-ARIMA
Authors: Rufino João Paulo Ferreira , Alves Frederick Fagundes , Costa Neto Pedro de Queiroz , Carneiro Simone Braga
Published: June 2024

O objetivo deste estudo foi selecionar o modelo Autorregressivo Integrado e de Médias Móveis (ARIMA) para os preços pagos ao produtor da cultura do açaí no Amazonas visando conhecer seus comportamentos e projetar seus valores no curto prazo. Os dados deste estudo são de origem secundária, sendo obtidos junto ao Instituto de Desenvolvimento Agrícola e Florestal Sustentável do Estado do Amazonas (IDAM), considerando o período de 2010 a 2022 e a classificação por microrregiões definida pelo mesmo. A partir dos resultados encontrados, verificou-se que o modelo estimado apresentou 1 termo de AR, sugerindo uma dependência dos preços em períodos anteriores; sem termos I, pois o teste de raiz unitária foi significativo (p<0,01), rejeitando assim a hipótese nula e indicando estacionariedade na série temporal dos preços; e sem termos MA (médias móveis) observadas. Além disso, o modelo apresentou sazonalidade, ou seja, indicou que os preços pagos aos produtores de açaí por quilograma no Amazonas são influenciados pelas variações sazonais. Os testes realizados para confirmação dessa sazonalidade na série de preços avaliada apoiam esses resultados, observando-se que a série apresenta sazonalidade estável para o Teste F, para o Teste Kruskal-Wallis e para sazonalidade móvel. Portanto, pelo teste combinado Q, a sazonalidade é identificável na série de preços. Outro ponto a ressaltar é que o preço estimado do açaí no Amazonas para 2023 com base nos anos anteriores segue uma tendência sazonal, começando em cerca de R$ 2,23 em janeiro, caindo até maio, e subindo novamente até dezembro.
Tipos-níveis de superdotação: uma proposta teórica
Authors: Breviário Álaze Gabriel do , Milan Davi , Soares Tainara de Sousa , Alves Glaúcio Simão , Silva Erica Dantas da , Lucena João Batista , Silva Gutemberg Gomes , Schon Gislaine , Farias Artunho de Araújo , Sá Fabíola Pessoa Figueira de , Oliveira Edna Maria da Silva , Ferreira Juliele
Published: June 2024

A superdotação é um fenômeno complexo que abrange uma variedade de habilidades e talentos excepcionais. Dentre os cinco tipos discutidos - acadêmica, criativo-produtiva, metafísico-espiritual, sexual e bulk - cada um representa uma dimensão única da excelência humana. Essa diversidade de superdotação desafia as abordagens tradicionais de identificação e apoio, exigindo uma compreensão holística e integrativa do potencial humano. Destaca-se a importância de explorar cada tipo de superdotação em sua complexidade e interconexões, considerando o impacto nas diversas áreas da vida dos indivíduos. No entanto, a problemática reside na falta de instrumentos padronizados para avaliar certos aspectos da superdotação e na necessidade de compreender melhor o desenvolvimento e a manifestação dessas habilidades ao longo do ciclo de vida. O objetivo geral desta pesquisa é investigar a diversidade de tipos de superdotação, analisar os diferentes níveis de manifestação ao longo da vida e explorar os fatores que influenciam o desenvolvimento dessas habilidades excepcionais. Para alcançar esse objetivo, os objetivos específicos incluem identificar características comuns e distintivas de cada tipo de superdotação. Como metodologias empregou-se uma revisão bibliográfica narrativa (eixo técnico), sob o paradigma neoperpectivista giftedeano (eixo epistemológico), com raciocínio hipotético-dedutivo (eixo lógico). Os resultados destacam a complexidade e a diversidade da superdotação, ressaltando a importância de uma abordagem holística e integrativa para compreender e apoiar adequadamente esses indivíduos. Em conclusão, esta pesquisa enfatiza a necessidade de reconhecer e valorizar a diversidade de talentos e habilidades excepcionais, promovendo seu desenvolvimento pleno e significativo em todas as áreas da vida.
Desenvolvimento inicial de mudas de melão amarelo (Cucumis melo L.) produzidas em diferentes substratos
Authors: Costa Juviliano Bonifácio da , Mango Bernardino Domingos , Joaquim Júnior Carlos Zacarias , Ndjala Nguana na , Embalo Diana , Faustino Raquel Teixeira do Nascimento , N´bali Nelito Nhanca , Sanó Lamine , Costa Nancy da , Embaná Marcos Domingos , Kór Dionísio Gomes
Published: June 2024

A aplicação de fertilizantes inorgânicos para aumentar o rendimento das culturas proporciona o aumento do rendimento das culturas, porém, eles contribuem para a degradação do solo. Embora estes adubos orgânicos estejam sendo promovidos como fontes de nutrientes, ainda são inferiores no fornecimento de nutrientes quando comparados com os fertilizantes inorgânicos. Isso promoveu o interesse por vários outros materiais para correção, como cinzas volantes, fosfato de rocha e biochar, bem como outros métodos, como bactérias solubilizadoras de fósforo, para aumentar o conteúdo de nutrientes no solo e melhorar a produção de mudas em condições do nordeste brasileiro. Por isso, o estudo objetivou-se em avaliar o crescimento inicial e biomassa de mudas de melão amarelo produzidas em diferentes substratos, visando determinar os meios de cultivo adequados e alternativos para a cultura de melão amarelo. O estudo foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com quatro tratamentos (Biocarvão, Casca de arroz carbonizado, Esterco Caprino e Substrato Comercial) e cinco repetições. Avaliou-se a altura da plântula, diâmetro de caule, comprimento da raiz (CR), massa seca da parte aérea, massa seca da raiz e massa seca total. Inicialmente os dados foram submetidos ao teste de normalidade de Shapiro-Wilk e em seguida submetidos à ANOVA pelo teste F. Quando significativo, as médias foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey (p ≤ 0,05) através do software Assistat na versão 7.7. A ANOVA foi significativo para todas as variáveis avaliadas, exceto o comprimento da raiz. Os três substratos: esterco caprino, substrato comercial e biocarvão promoveram melhor crescimento e desenvolvimento inicial das mudas de melão amarelo. O esterco caprino proporcionou melhores resultados para DC, MSR e MST. O Substrato Comercial proporcionou melhores resultados para as variáveis AP e MSPA, enquanto que o Biocarvão apenas para a variável AP. O substrato casca de arroz carbonizada apresentou os menores valores em todas as variáveis analisadas para as mudas de melão amarelo.
A importância das ações de promoção à saúde envolvendo prevenção da toxoplasmose no Brasil: revisão integrativa
Authors: Rodrigues Kênia Pulquerio , Lanna Amanda Faria Feichas Palermo , Franco Priscila Silva , Sousa Fabrício Vieira de , Cançado Stéphany Olinda Sander Magon Lopes , Fernandes Priscila Castro Cordeiro , Milián Iliana Claudia Balga
Published: June 2024

A toxoplasmose é uma doença de alta prevalência no Brasil, provocada pelo protozoário Toxoplasma gondii. A principal forma de contágio é mediante a ingestão de oocisto contidos em carne crua ou malcozida, leite não pasteurizado, água não fervida ou transmissão transplacentária durante a gestação. A toxoplasmose congênita pode gerar lesões irreversíveis ao feto. Sendo assim, a principal forma de prevenção envolve programas de promoção à saúde e ações educativas que orientam as gestantes sobre hábitos saudáveis. O principal objetivo deste estudo foi identificar a importância das ações de promoção à saúde envolvendo prevenção de toxoplasmose por meio de artigos publicados. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, que consiste na análise do conhecimento científico já produzido que responde à pergunta norteadora. Foram selecionados estudos do ano de janeiro de 2017 a maio de 2022. Foram excluídas publicações que não estavam de acordo com os critérios de seleção previamente estabelecidos, que estavam duplicadas ou que não responderam à questão norteadora. Foram encontrados 4381 artigos nas bases de dados, destes somente 10 responderam à hipótese de pesquisa. Foi observada alta prevalência de toxoplasmose no Brasil, tornando-se necessário a realização de estudos adicionais para direcionar ações de prevenção da doença por meio da promoção da saúde.
DIGITAL LEARNING ECOSYSTEM AT EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS: A 4-UNIVERSITY PERSPECTIVE
Authors:   School of business and administrative studies, The University of Georgia, Anvari Roya , Moradi Farideh ,   School of business and administrative studies, The University of Georgia, Shirvani Ali ,   School of Management, Isfahan university
Published: June 2024

In today's era, universities operate within a highly interconnected global landscape, which is increasingly accessible via virtual platforms, decentralized institutions, and an information-driven economy. The capacity of a university to leverage its reputation, ranking, and networks plays a pivotal role in attracting and retaining students, researchers, staff, and industry collaborators. This underscores the significance of engaging with local, national, and global communities to achieve success. This article critically examines existing literature on the digital ecosystem within the realm of education. Various studies have explored aspects such as digital ecosystem dynamics, innovation, communication channels, technology integration, and human capital considerations, aiming to elucidate effective strategies for creating and operating within this evolving landscape. The analysis delves into key themes and focal points within the concept and practice of digital ecosystems, with particular emphasis on academic initiatives as catalysts for ecosystem development and relationship cultivation. Furthermore, the article addresses the challenges and opportunities associated with implementing digital resources in Iran, while highlighting initiatives undertaken by leading universities to foster digital ecosystems. Ultimately, it provides managerial insights into potential future trajectories in this domain.
Kombinasi Metode Profile Matching dan SMART untuk Penentuan Reward dan Punishment pada Karyawan Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah
Authors: Ritonga Taufiq Alfiqri , Nasution Muhammad Irwan Padli , Ikhwan Ali
Published: June 2024

Pada umumnya suatu perusahaan, instansi, organisasi atau badan usaha akan memberikan gaji sebagai imbalan atas pekerjaan seorang pegawainya, selain memberikan gaji pokok kepada pegawainya, setiap instansi seringkali memberikan reward dan punishment selain gaji pokok bagi setiap pegawainya. karyawan untuk meningkatkan kinerja dan produktivitas karyawan. Bagi setiap perusahaan atau instansi yang telah menggunakan sistem informasi berbasis komputer dalam kegiatan usahanya, maka diperlukan suatu sistem pendukung keputusan untuk menentukan pegawai mana yang mendapat prioritas untuk mendapatkan reward dan punishment berdasarkan kriteria yang telah ditentukan, sedangkan Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah tetap menerapkan sistem informasi berbasis komputer. sistem manual. dalam menentukan pegawai yang berhak mendapatkan reward dan punishment masih menggunakan perhitungan manual sehingga memerlukan banyak waktu dan tenaga. Hal ini dinilai kurang efektif dan efisien serta berisiko terjadinya kesalahan pada saat proses penilaian berlangsung. Permasalahan yang terjadi secara umum adalah banyaknya pegawai sehingga sulit menentukan pegawai mana yang berhak menerima reward dan punishment. SPK merupakan sistem informasi interaktif berbasis komputer yang dapat memberikan alternatif dan solusi bagi para pengambil keputusan dan pengambil keputusan. Dalam menyelesaikan masalah ini penulis menggunakan kombinasi metode Profile Matching dan SMART pada sistem yang akan dirancang untuk menggambarkan bobot yang sesuai dengan kriteria yang direkomendasikan. Kriterianya adalah Prestasi, Perilaku, Disiplin, dan Jangkauan Tim.
E-Diagnosis Gangguan Kecemasan Menyeluruh Menggunakan Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) Tsukamoto
Authors: Daivan Fajri , Saripurna Darjat , Siambaton Mhd. Zulfansyuri
Published: June 2024

Perkembangan teknologi saat ini telah banyak mengalami kemajuan. Banyak inovasi yang telah diciptakan dan dikembangkan mulai dari yang paling sederhana hingga yang paling kompleks. Dengan berkembangnya ilmu-ilmu teknik seperti informatika dan komputer, lahir suatu bentuk kecerdasan buatan (artificial intelligence) yang disebut Sistem Pakar. Sistem pakar adalah program komputer yang meniru proses berpikir dan pengetahuan pakar dalam memecahkan masalah tertentu. Sistem pakar dapat diterapkan pada berbagai bidang, salah satunya bidang kesehatan. Misalnya dalam mendiagnosis penyakit Gangguan kecemasan menyeluruh. Gangguan kecemasan menyeluruh (Generalized Anxiety Disorder) adalah suatu gangguan psikologis yang berhubungan dengan adanya gangguan mental. Gangguan kecemasan menyebabkan penderitanya mengalami gangguan kecemasan berlebihan, kegelisahan, mudah lelah, kesulitan berkonsentrasi, lekas marah, ketegangan otot, dan gangguan tidur. Tujuan yang akan dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan sistem pakar yang dapat diakses langsung oleh pengguna demi memudahkan pengguna dalam mengidentifikasi penyakit gangguan kecemasan menyeluruh. Dalam penelitian ini metode pemecahan masalah yang akan digunakan adalah algoritma Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) yang merupakan salah satu algoritma yang digunakan untuk pendukung keputusan. Hasil penelitian yang di dapat berupa sistem yang dapat menghasilkan diagnosis awal yang dapat membantu sesorang dalam mendiagnosis gangguan kecemasan menyeluruh. Dengan membandingkan sistem yang telah dibuat dengan data diagnosis satu pasien yang telah dilakukan secara manual dengan pakar. Dengan kata lain sistem dapat melakukan diagnosis awal terhadap penyakit gangguan kecemasan menyeluruh.
125 years of steel bridges in Britain (part 1)
Authors: Hayward Alan
Published: June 2024

On completion of the Forth Rail Bridge in 1890, steel rapidly replaced wrought iron as a material for bridge construction in Britain. Until then, the Board of Trade had restricted steel bridges. In this two-part article based on the James Sutherland History Lecture 2015, Alan Hayward traces the development of bridge types, construction methods, steel strengths and design practices. Part 1 covers the period from around 1890 to 1970. Part 2 will describe steel bridges from the 1970s using Alan's own experience and include movable, suspension and cable-stayed bridges.
Concrete Design Guide. No. 3: Eurocode 6: Design of masonry structures for lateral loads
Authors:   The Concrete Centre
Published: June 2024

The design for horizontal actions, fire and materials is considered, along with simplified methods of design. Throughout this article the Nationally Determined Parameters (NDPs) from the UK National Annexes have been used. These enable Eurocode 6 (BS EN 1996-1-1) to be applied in the UK.
A Qualitative Examination of Leadership Styles and Their Impact on Employee Motivation in Indonesian Non-Profit Organizations
Authors: Hamsinah Hamsinah
Published: June 2024

This study delves into the realm of leadership within Indonesian non-profit organizations, recognizing the critical role it plays in influencing employee motivation. Against the backdrop of Indonesia's diverse and dynamic non-profit sector, characterized by its unique challenges and opportunities, this research seeks to explore the multifaceted relationship between leadership styles and the motivation levels of employees. The primary aim is to shed light on how different leadership approaches are perceived and practiced within this context, and their subsequent impact on employee motivation. To achieve this, a qualitative research methodology is employed, involving in-depth interviews, focus groups, and content analysis of relevant documents. Through a purposive sampling strategy, leaders and employees from a diverse range of Indonesian non-profit organizations are engaged in open discussions, providing rich insights into their experiences and perceptions. The findings reveal that leadership styles encompass a spectrum ranging from transformational to transactional, with varying implications for employee motivation. Transformational leadership is found to foster a culture of inspiration, intrinsic motivation, and commitment among employees, whereas transactional leadership tends to rely on extrinsic rewards and compliance. These findings offer valuable insights for non-profit organizations in Indonesia, aiding them in making informed decisions regarding leadership practices to enhance employee motivation and, consequently, organizational effectiveness.
Tracheostomy-related data from an intensive care unit for two consecutive years before the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Papaioannou Maria , Vagiana Evdoxia , Kotoulas Serafeim-Chrysovalantis , Sileli Maria , Manika Katerina , Tsantos Alexandros , Kapravelos Nikolaos
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Tracheostomy is commonly used in intensive care unit (ICU) patients who are expected to be on long-term mechanical ventilation or suffer from emergency upper airway obstruction. However, some studies have conflicting findings regarding the optimal technique and its timing and benefits.

AIM

To provide evidence of practice, characteristics, and outcome concerning tracheostomy in an ICU of a tertiary care hospital.

METHODS

This was a retrospective cohort study including adult critical care patients in a single ICU for two consecutive years. Patients’ demographic characteristics, severity of illness (APACHE II score), level of consciousness [Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)], comorbidities, timing and type of tracheostomy procedure performed and outcome were recorded. We defined late as tracheostomy placement after 8 days or no tracheotomy.

RESULTS

Data of 660 patients were analyzed (median age of 60 years), median APACHE II score of 19 and median GCS score of 12 at admission. Tracheostomy was performed in 115 patients, of whom 63 had early and 52 late procedures. Early tracheostomy was mainly executed in case of altered level of consciousness and severe critical illness polyneuromyopathy, however there were no significant statistical results (47.6% vs 36.5%, P = 0.23) and (23.8% vs 19.2%, P = 0.55) respectively. Regarding the method selected, early surgical tracheostomy (ST) was conducted in patients with maxillofacial injuries (50.0% vs 0.0%, P = 0.033), whereas late surgical tracheostomy was selected for patients with goiter (44.4% vs 0.0% P = 0.033). Patients with early tracheostomy spent significantly fewer days on mechanical ventilation (15.3 ± 8.5 vs 22.8 ± 9.6, P < 0.001) and in ICU in general (18.8 ± 9.1 vs 25.4 ± 11.5, P < 0.001). Percutaneous dilatation tracheostomy (PDT) vs ST was preferable in older critical care patients in the case of Central Nervous System underlying cause of admission (62.5% vs 26.3%, P = 0.004). ST was the method of choice in compromised airway (31.6%, vs 7.3% P = 0.008). A large proportion of patients (88/115) with tracheostomy managed to wean from mechanical ventilation and were transferred out of the ICU (100% vs 17.4%, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION

PDT was performed more frequently in our cohort. This technique did not affect mechanical ventilation days, ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), ICU length of stay, or survival. No complications were observed in the percutaneous or surgical tracheostomy groups. Patients undergoing early tracheostomy benefited in terms of mechanical ventilation days and ICU length of stay but not of discharge status, presence of VAP, or survival.
Una revisión del agua como un bien económico, social y ecológico
Authors: Fuerte Velázquez Diana , Pérez Juárez Atzimba , Fuerte Velázquez Yesenia
Published: June 2024

Desde la visión económica derivada de la lógica instrumental el agua adquiere un valor que representa la utilidad que genera su consumo. Sin embargo, este recurso natural, no solo es un recurso para la parte económica, sino también es un bien social y ecológico fundamental para la vida, en el sentido de mantener los ecosistemas y un medio para el desarrollo de actividades de interés social. El objetivo del ensayo se basó en una revisión documental del agua como un bien económico, social y ecológico. La metodología que guio el presente ensayo fue la revisión bibliográfica y sistemática de documentos científicos. Uno de los principales hallazgos del ensayo es que, si bien el agua es necesaria para el desarrollo económico, su uso y gestión deben realizarse bajo paradigmas que consideren que es un recurso para la vida.
COPYRIGHT LAW PROTECTION AGAINST ILLEGAL SALES OF WETV STREAMING SUBSCRIPTION ACCOUNTS THROUGH SHOPEE MARKETPLACE
Authors: Billa Adinda Aneke Putri Zalza , Permanasari Lolita
Published: June 2024

WeTV is the owner of copyright in computer programs, which has been regulated in Law No. 28/2014 on Copyright. However, there are irresponsible people who violate it by duplicating, distributing and selling WeTV subscription accounts through Shopee marketplace and taking advantage of the benefits personally. It becomes an issue related to copyright protection based on the law on an application program that is being misused by other parties. The method in this research is normative juridical research, which conducts research by analyzing and a series of formal legal rules, including laws and regulations, and literature that contains theoretical concepts. The result of this research that WeTV is an intellectual work in a computer program that is protected by copyright. The sales transaction of WeTV subscribed accounts on the Shopee marketplace by “Mavelstore.id” has a non-authorized method in accordance with the terms and conditions of WeTV. Unauthorized distributors copy without permission from copyright holders and benefit from sales through the Shopee marketplace. The account was found to have committed acts of piracy that caused losses to the WeTV copyright holders. The seller has shared account actions by changing the provision that 1 (one) WeTV user account can only be used by 1 (one) user, to 1 (one) WeTV user account can be used by multiple users. The existence of moral and economic loss is provided an order for the infringement of the creation through the formal procedure of copyright protection efforts against the illegal sales of WeTV accounts through internal legal protection and external legal protection.
Transnationalising Farming Protest to Avoid Marginalisation? COPA and the Mansholt Plan
Authors: GERMOND Carine S.
Published: June 2024

Drawing on extensive multi-archival and multi-institutional research, the article explores how the Committee of Professional Agricultural Organisations (COPA) responded to the multiple challenges presented by the Memorandum ‘Agriculture’ between 1968 and 1972. At this critical juncture, COPA had to show its ability to unite and mobilise Community farmers against the Commission’s first major reform of the Common Agricultural Policy. The article demonstrates that the transnationalisation of farm protests, which culminated in the March 1971 demonstration, was the result of COPA’s attempt to avert marginalisation and address internal contestation by its member organisations. The article also sheds light on the internal, structural, and ideological factors behind the gradual deterioration of the close COPA-Commission alliance, which forced COPA to supplement its traditional insider lobbying strategy with transnational grassroots mobilisation leading up to the March 1971 protests.
The United States and the EC from 1985 to 1992
Authors: GRIN Gilles
Published: June 2024

This article examines American positions on the Internal Market Completion Program initiated in 1985 by the European Community. This eight-year program lasted until the end of 1992. The positions of experts, business representatives, the media, Congress and the administrations of Presidents Ronald Reagan and George H.W. Bush are presented. We discover the ignorance of the European project on the other side of the Atlantic until 1988, then the acute fear of the creation of a “Fortress Europe” and the major political change brought about by the arrival of George H.W. Bush at the head of the United States in January 1989. From a mainly economic perception, the emphasis shifted to the link between “Europe 1992” and the future of NATO. The American objective was to maintain the Atlantic Alliance and its integrated military structure, whatever the cost, despite the end of the Cold War.
This, Thing, Fervor, Fulfilment: The Treatment of Pronunciation and Spelling in Dictionaries of the Slovenian Immigration
Authors: Farina Donna M.T.Cr. , Vrbinc Marjeta , Vrbinc Alenka
Published: June 2024

In the second half of the 19th century, dictionaries increased in importance among Americans. They began to be perceived as authorities by the U.S. population; users expected them to provide answers to their questions about language. At the turn of the 19th century into the 20th, on both sides of the Atlantic, the first independent Slovenian publications appeared, intended for Slovenian immigrants to the U.S. The goal of the present article is to examine the treatment of pronunciation and spelling, both in the front matter and in the body of dictionaries of the Slovenian immigration. We examine four dictionaries created by three authors (Kubelka 1904, Kubelka 1912b, Košutnik 1912, Kern 1919). They were published at a time when there were no readily available resources on English pronunciation or spelling written in Slovenian. This article documents the dictionary authors' explanations of pronunciation and how these explanations were presented to the intended audience. It also documents the treatment of spelling of words with predominantly American and predominantly British variants, at a time when both variants were widely circulating within American society. Keywords: Slovenian immigration to U.S., bilingual dictionaries, English–Slovenian dictionaries, Slovenian–English dictionaries, pronunciation, IPA, respelling, spelling, British English, American English
Learnability and Algorithmic Complexity in German Monolingual Learner Lexicography. A Case Study
Authors: Galván-Santana Alberto
Published: June 2024

This paper analyzes the algorithmic complexity (also known as Kolmogorov complexity or descriptive complexity) of the lemma corpus included in the Wortfamilienwörterbuch der deutschen Gegenwartssprache (WfWG) as a function of its macrostructural arrangement. The results show that, compared to the alphabetical order, the WfWG word-family arrangement produces an algorithmically more compressible, and therefore less complex version of the lemma corpus. This observation points to a higher degree of learnability and cognitive accessibility of the lemma corpus arranged in word families. Keywords: monolingual learner's dictionary, macrostructure, navigation, learnability, algorithmic complexity, compression
Getting Beyond “The Curtain of the Fancy:” Anti-Representationalism in Berkeley and Sergeant
Authors: West Peter ,   Berkeley Studies
Published: June 2024

This paper argues for a re-evaluation of the relationship between Berkeley and his predecessor, the neo-Aristotelian thinker John Sergeant. In the literature to date, the relationship between these two thinkers has received attention for two reasons. First, some commentators have attempted to establish a causal connection between them by focusing on the fact that both thinkers develop a theory of “notions.” Second, some have argued that both Berkeley and Sergeant develop “anti-representationalist” arguments against Locke’s epistemology. The first issue has received much greater attention, particularly from commentators seeking an explanation for Berkeley’s use of the term “notion.” Only one scholar (G. A. Johnston in 1923) has considered Berkeley and Sergeant’s anti-representationalism in any depth. In this paper, I argue that the weight given to the causal connection between Berkeley and Sergeant’s “notions” is misplaced since the evidence in favor of this connection is weaker than is usually acknowledged. Instead, I build on Johnston’s analysis of the conceptual connection between Berkeley and Sergeant’s anti-representationalism. I first corroborate Johnston’s claim that there are striking similarities between their criticisms of Locke before going beyond that analysis to identify two important similarities between their anti-representationalist arguments.
Why Can’t Animals Imagine? Berkeley on Imagination and the Animal‒Human Divide
Authors: Bartha Dávid ,   Berkeley Studies
Published: June 2024

In this paper, I present and analyze Berkeley’s sporadic claims on the animal‒human divide, concentrating on his early works, especially his Notebooks. Before drawing our attention to the importance of imagination, I start by contextualizing Berkeley’s views on animal cognition more generally. More specifically, I aim to clarify that though he verbally agrees with Descartes that animals cannot imagine like we do, Berkeley’s view is motivated by fundamentally different considerations. What he ultimately denies is that animals can imagine in a sense that requires the sort of spontaneous and creative activity we share more with God than animals.
Problems and Prospects for a One-Sided Solution to Kripke’s Problem
Authors: Andrushkevich Alexander G. ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: June 2024

This text is a replica of the article by E.V. Borisov А Straight Solution to Kripke’s problem. The proposed solution to the problem of skepticism regarding the meaning of a linguistic expression is based on the idea of language and speech activity, limited to the act of use. Such a truncated and one-sided version of the analysis of language presents a picture where the only subject capable of understanding the meanings of words is the speech agent himself. Although this approach partially allows us to resolve the skeptical problem, it arises again when we pay attention not to the agent of speech, but to the recipient to whom speech activity is directed.
Controversial Aspects of a Straight Solution to Kripke’s Problem
Authors: Oleinik Polina I. ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: June 2024

A straight solution to S. Kripke’s skeptical problem, proposed by E.V. Borisov, is considered. The main assumption of the argumentation of a straight solution is the thesis about the possibility of knowing meanings. The article shows the need to further define the terms used in the argumentation, in particular the concept of introspection.
Reply to Critics
Authors: Borisov Evgeny V. ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: June 2024

The paper presents a holistic notion of speech act and demonstrates its relevance for the straight solution to Kripke’s problem. Besides, the author replies to some comments and objections presented by the participants of the discussion.
Truth and Affect
Authors: Mikirtumov Ivan B. ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: June 2024

I connect the idea of an existential turn in philosophical science, presented by Ilya Kasavin and Vladimir Porus in their recent article, with the problem of rationality and culture crisis, as well as the opposition of profession and vocation in Max Weber’s famous speech on politics. I offer an analysis of the structure of vocation to politics and to science as affects of a special kind. To do this, I draw on Jacques Lacan’s analysis of hysteria. My conclusions are that the structure of a target affect coincides to that of hysteria. This means that scientist tries to show that the truth exists, seeks to force other people to recognize this fact and submit to science as an only acceptable form of worldview. Until this can be done, the scientist gives his relationship to the community the character of service to the highest entity. At the same time, he waits for the inversion of this service, i.e. a transition to power through acknowledgement. It should be noted that scientific research is never limited by the science itself, no matter how dangerous it may be. The existential choice in science is a choice between the pursuit of truth in natural sciences and exact sciences and maintaining the sustainability of culture in social and humanitarian knowledge. The latter, contrary to Weber, is always intertwined with politics. The first is not political, but affective. This allows me to see the definition of the vocation to the science that Kasavin gives in a new way. At the center of the “cognitive-existential mood” in the search for truth, affect dominates, the engine of which is hysteria, and in its basic attitudes truth and the scientist are opposed to the plausible and the profane.
Hunting for Creativity
Authors: Sakharova Anna V. ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: June 2024

Science communicators, including journalists and experts in the field of public relations in science, are often seen as an external and optional addition to the scientific community. Their influence on scientific practices and public perception of science is often underestimated, and their role is understood as a technical one: as a simple retelling of scientific research in a language understandable to the public. In this paper, using the example of such a criterion as “creativity”, we propose to reconsider the role of science communicators more broadly. The paper shows that it is science communicators, rather than representatives of the scientific community, who should be the primary subjects of evaluating articles according to the criterion of creativity. The authors argue that the creativity of scientific research is an essential element in the development of science as a social phenomenon, rather than just a component of its internal operation. Science communicators are not considered as “external” actors in relation to science – their work has a significant impact on the fundamental criteria for scientific success, such as the establishment of scientific reputation, and influences the perception of science among the general public. They do not just describe research, they form ideas about the value aspects of science in society and influence the image of science, which is broadcast into the public space, selecting articles according to certain criteria that are not always the most significant in science, endowing scientific results with a special, socially relevant significance that is not explicitly presented in the texts of scientific articles. The activities of science communicators can influence the funding and development of a scientific field, its public and government support, its popularity among applicants, students and young scientists – and, consequently, the quality of scientific personnel involved in this field. In fact, science communicators turn out to be key architects of public, and often intrascientific, ideas about science and various scientific fields.
Методика удосконалення процесу організації праці на підприємстві
Authors:   Вінницький соціально-економічний інститут Університету «Україна», Балахонова Олеся , Павлюк Богдан ,   Вінницький соціально-економічний інститут Університету «Україна»
Published: June 2024

У статті досліджено методику підвищення рівня управління персоналом. Управління персоналом являється економічним процесом, який забезпечує розподіл, обмін та використання кількісних та якісних характеристик персоналу на підприємстві. Досліджено предметну галузь організації праці безпосередньо з працівниками на підприємстві. Наведено підготовчу стадію організації праці на підприємстві, її методи та завдання. Досліджено етапи реалізації завдань організації праці на підприємстві. Детально висвітлено процес організації праці на підприємстві. Запропоновано методику удосконалення процесу організації праці на підприємстві.
До питання про сутність управління персоналом
Authors:   Вінницький соціально-економічний інститут Університету «Україна», Швед Вадим , Откаленко Костянтин ,   Інститут економіки та менеджменту Університету «Україна»
Published: June 2024

У даній статті детально розглядається значення ефективного управління людськими ресурсами в контексті сучасних організацій, які функціонують в умовах ринкової економіки та швидких глобальних змін. Автори виходять із тези, що правильне управління персоналом може стати ключем до підвищення продуктивності та ефективності організацій, надаючи їм конкурентні переваги у вирішенні складних завдань та адаптації до зовнішніх викликів. Стаття досліджує основні підходи до управління людськими ресурсами, з акцентом на комплексне використання культурних, структурних, технологічних та кадрових стратегій, які забезпечують ефективне використання потенціалу персоналу. Особлива увага приділяється визначенню ролі мотивації, професійного розвитку, а також методам адаптації персоналу до змінних умов роботи. У статті наводяться приклади з практики відомих компаній, які успішно інтегрували інноваційні підходи в управлінні персоналом, що дозволило їм досягти високих результатів у продуктивності та загальній ефективності. Автори аналізують як зміна парадигм управління впливає на внутрішню культуру компаній, їх структуру та взаємодію з ринковим середовищем. Стаття також звертає увагу на необхідність впровадження системних змін в управлінських процесах, що включає розробку нових стратегій управління людськими ресурсами, спрямованих на забезпечення сталого розвитку та високої адаптивності організацій до зовнішніх і внутрішніх змін. Ці зміни підкреслюють важливість комплексного підходу, який охоплює всі аспекти взаємодії з персоналом від набору та адаптації до мотивації та професійного розвитку.
AN IMAGE-BASED E-TOURISM WEB APPLICATION
Authors: Singh Dr. Harsh Pratap , Gupta Mitali , Dewani Manav , Bagaddeo Meenal
Published: June 2024

Tourism is an important industry that contributes significantly to the global economy. The advent of digital technologies has transformed the way people plan and experience their travel. Today, many travelers use the internet to research destinations, book accommodations, and plan their itinerary. In this context, image-based e-tourism has emerged as a powerful tool for promoting travel destinations and attracting tourists. This paper presents an e-Tourism Web Application system that serves as a Virtual Guide, facilitating the travel planning process. We have proposed an application that gives information regarding the monument or places with a single click of the picture. Our application also ensures that only the relevant information is available to the tourists. The distinctive feature of this application, distinguishing it from other comparable applications, lies in its exceptional amalgamation of essential travel planning information and functions. In our application, we are implementing features like information of tourist spot through image processing, nearby tourist spots, availability of nearby restaurants and hotels, live weather conditions. In our system, tourist can even explore a city’s various other famous landmarks. Our application significantly reduces the time required to search for a place, leading to quicker decision-making, making trips easy and comfortable, and providing users with relevant information regarding the monuments
RECENT DEVELOPMENT AND FUTURISTIC TRENDS OF DATA MINING IN AGRICULTURE
Authors: Gohil Vishwa , Varshney Nitin , Shrivastava Alok , Garde Yogesh
Published: June 2024

Data mining is pivotal in revolutionizing agriculture by extracting valuable insights from vast and diverse datasets. Key data mining methods, including classification, clustering, and regression, are discussed in relation to critical tasks such as crop yield prediction, disease detection, and precision agriculture. This chapter delves into the applications of data mining techniques in agriculture, emphasizing their potential to enhance decision-making, optimize resource usage, and elevate overall crop productivity. Leveraging diverse data sources like satellite imagery, weather data, and sensor networks, the study focuses on gathering information about soil conditions, crop health, and environmental factors. The integration of machine learning algorithms facilitates the identification of patterns, trends, and correlations within these datasets, providing actionable intelligence for farmers and researchers. The chapter also addresses challenges associated with handling agricultural data, such as issues related to data quality and scalability. Emphasis is placed on the role of data mining in promoting sustainable farming practices, mitigating environmental impact, and tackling global food security challenges
UNLEASHING THE POWER OF MACHINE LEARNING: CUTTING-EDGE INNOVATIONS AND REAL-WORLD APPLICATIONS
Authors: Delvadiya Jay , Varshney Nitin , Garde Yogesh , Shrivastava Alok
Published: June 2024

Machine learning has emerged as a powerful and transformative field of artificial intelligence, enabling computers to learn from data and make informed decisions. Machine learning techniques can be broadly categorized into supervised, unsupervised and reinforcement learning. This chapter provides an overview of various machine learning techniques viz., support vector machine, decision tree, random forest, artificial neural network, k-means clustering and their applications and advantage. In the section on supervised learning, gain a deep understanding of regression and classification tasks and learn how to evaluate model performance. Overfitting and underfitting, critical challenges in supervised learning. The unsupervised learning segment introduces clustering methods for grouping data points, dimensionality reduction techniques for simplifying complex datasets. Machine learning techniques find widespread applications across various industries
ASSOCIATING THE EVOLUTION OF MOBILE COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AND THE INTERACTIONS OF SOCIAL NETWORKS
Authors: Muthumari S.
Published: June 2024

The very first interaction among human beings was gestures. In the course of time Man invented sounds, languages, communication etc. Telecommunication was the greatest one among his innovation. Man was transformed from telephone to cellular technology in the year of 1973. Now a days it had become fashion connecting with unknown people through social networks. As technology grows our world shrinks every minute. This paper aims to state the evolution of mobile technology and the use of social networks in terms of interaction and also analyse the pros and cons of social interactions
INTEGRATING IOT WITH 5G AND EDGE COMPUTING
Authors: Gupta Meenakshi , Choudhary Garima
Published: June 2024

This chapter explores how IoT, 5G, and Edge Computing work together and how their revolutionary cooperation is changing the connectivity and intelligence environment. Examining the merging of these cutting-edge technologies, it clarifies how the combination of 5G networks' high-speed, low-latency capabilities of IoT devices opens up previously unheard or unknown possibilities for improved data transfer and smooth device operation. The addition of Edge Computing with 5G and IoT strengthens the collaborative effort by providing decentralized data processing and real-time analytics, which in turn improves the responsiveness and effectiveness of IoT devices. It illustrates the wide range of applications across industries, from smart cities to healthcare, through illuminating case studies. This chapter addresses issues including security, privacy, and the requirement for defined protocols as it navigates the difficulties brought up by this combination. It acts as a thorough guide, shedding light on the three technologies' capacity to transform markets, spur invention, and open the door to a hyper connected future with unheard-of connections and intelligence break through
THE FUTURE OF IOT PRIVACY AND SECURITY
Authors: Saranya M. , Suganya G. , Poornachandar T.
Published: June 2024

The IoT is still a relatively new technology, and the privacy and security challenges are still being worked out. However, there are a number of promising developments that could help to address these challenges. One development is the use of encryption. Encryption can be used to protect data from being intercepted by unauthorized parties. Another development is the use of blockchain technology. Blockchain is a secure and decentralized way to store data
THE INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) REVOLUTION IN INDUSTRY AND BUSINESS
Authors: Bajpai Dr. Bhavna
Published: June 2024

A transformative technological paradigm that is reshaping the landscape of industry and business. This book chapter provides an in-depth exploration of the IoT revolution and its profound impact on various sectors, including manufacturing, agriculture, healthcare, logistics, and more. It discusses the fundamental principles of IoT, the integration of sensors and devices, data collection and analytics, and the potential for automation and optimization. Additionally, the chapter delves into the challenges and opportunities presented by IoT adoption, including security and privacy concerns. Through real-world case studies and practical insights, this chapter offers a comprehensive overview of the IoT revolution and its implications for businesses and industries in the digital age