bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aportes de la Educación Musical en el Ámbito Emocional. Estado de la Cuestión en Colombia.
Authors: Gutiérrez Adriana Marien , Suesca Leyla Yolima , Cárdenas-Soler Ruth Nayibe
Published: July 2021

La música es un medio de expresión universal que incide en diferentes factores de tipo emocional, social y cultural en las personas. En consecuencia, la formación musical es un escenario de aportes significativos a la integralidad del sujeto. El ámbito afectivo intra- e interpersonal es una de las dimensiones que más resulta impactada positivamente por la música. Este artículo socializa los resultados de la revisión de las publicaciones colombianas que dan cuenta del impacto de la educación musical en la dimensión emocional de niñas, niños y adolescentes, es decir, el abordaje psicológico de la educación musical en el país. Los resultados demuestran un creciente grupo de investigaciones, que denota la incidencia de la formación musical en el desarrollo de habilidades interpersonales y en el fortalecimiento del ámbito intrapersonal de los estudiantes.  borrar.
PENGARUH HARGA TANAMAN PANGAN DAN UPAH PETANI TERHADAP KONSUMSI [THE INFLUENCE OF FOOD CROPS PRICES AND FARMERS' WAGES ON CONSUMPTION]
Authors: Suwu Selvi Esther , Panjaitan Andry
Published: July 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of crops prices and farmers' wage on consumption rate in Indonesia. Agriculture is one of the primary sectors when it comes to fulfilling society's needs and livelihood. Indonesia's developing economic rate today displays the development of our agricultural sector, which is related to farmers' consumption rate. However, farmers could only afford it if they've obtained adequate wage. Farmers' income are heavily influenced by the prices of crops. This study utilized Eviews as the primary data processing software, in addition to that data was obtained secondarily from Badan Pusat Statistik (Statistics Indonesia). Secondary data obtained was 72 data from 2011 - 2016, containing real and nominal wage of farmers, crops' prices, and consumption rate in Indonesia. This study adopts quantitative research method and hypothesis was tested with regression model on the panel data. Results showed that the selected RE model and farmers 'wages significantly affected consumption rate, crops' prices did not have significant effect on consumption and no strong correlation between crops' prices and farmers' wages was found.

BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRACT: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh harga tanaman pangan dan upah petani terhadap konsumsi di Indonesia. Sektor pertanian masih menjadi salah satu sektor utama dalam memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat maupun sebagai mata pencarian. Berkembangnya perekonomian di Indonesia memperlihatkan juga perkembangan sektor pertaniannya yang kemudian berkaitan dengan  konsumsi petani, sedangkan petani mampu untuk mengkonsumsi jika ada upah yang memadai. Pendapatan atau upah petani salah satunya dipengaruhi oleh harga tanaman pangan. Penelitian ini menggunakan Eviews sebagai software pengolah data, data diperoleh dari data sekunder yaitu dari Badan Pusat Statistik. Data sekunder yang diambil sebanyak 72 data yang adalah data upah petani riil dan nominal, harga beberapa tanaman pangan dan data konsumsi di Indonesia, semua data diambil dari tahun 2011 sampai dengan 2016. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dan pengujian yang dilakukan dengan software Eviews yaitu regresi data panel. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah yang terpilih model RE dan upah petani berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap konsumsi, harga tanaman pangan tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap konsumsi dan tidak ada korelasi yang kuat antara harga tanaman pangan dengan upah petani.
WOMEN'S STRUGGLE AGAINST THE PATRIARCHATE AND COLONIAL HEGEMONY IN PRAMOEDYA ANANTA TOER'S RUMAH KACA
Authors: Boangmanalu Iko Agustina , Nainggolan Bernard Richard
Published: July 2021

In most literary works set in the colonial era, women were described as weak, helpless, unable to resist, unlike the character Siti Soendari whom Pramoedya in the novel Rumah Kaca presented. Soendari became a female intellectual figure who fought against the existing power. This article describes the struggle in breaking down the patriarchal system and criticizing colonial power. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method with feminism and a post-colonial approach. The result shows that Siti Soendari was a female figure who fought intellectually. She was an educated woman who delivered her opinion through writing and speech. The way she fought was manifested by writing in newspapers, building organizations, and giving speeches at a youth meeting.  Boycotted by the colonial power, Siti Soendari did not run out of ideas. She circulated her writings instead of publishing them in newspaper. Her struggle was unique because her goal was not just to create gender equality. She struggled to foster a nationalist nature among young people. In other words, she fought not only for women but also for her nation and country. This study recommends that the novel Rumah Hijau can be used as primary reading material in high schools and colleges.

BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRACT: Dalam kebanyakan karya sastra berlatar zaman penjajahan, perempuan digambarkan lemah, tak berdaya, tidak mampu melawan. Berbeda dengan tokoh Siti Soendari yang dihadirkan Pramoedya dalam novel Rumah Kaca. Siti Soendari menjadi sosok perempuan intelektual yang melakukan perlawanan terhadap kekuasaan yang ada. Artikel ini mendeskripsikan perjuangan tersebut dalam mendobrak sistem patriarkat dan mengkritisi kekuasaan kolonial. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan feminisme dan postkolonial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Siti Soendari adalah tokoh perempuan yang melakukan perjuangan dengan cara intelektual. Ia perempuan terdidik yang mampu menyuarakan pendapatnya lewat tulisan maupun lisan. Wujud perjuangan tokoh ini, antara lain; menulis di surat kabar, membangun organisasi, dan berpidato di pertemuan-pertemuan pemuda. Saat perjuangannya diboikot oleh kekuasaan kolonial, Siti Soendari tidak kehabisan akal. Tulisan-tulisannya tidak lagi dipublikasi melalui surat kabar, melainkan diedarkan dari orang ke orang. Perjuangan Siti Soendari menjadi unik karena tujuannya bukan sekadar menciptakan kesetaraan gender. Perjuangannya bertujuan menumbuhkan sifat nasionalis di kalangan pemuda. Dengan kata lain, ia tidak sekadar berjuang untuk kaum perempuan tetapi juga untuk bangsa dan negaranya. Hasil penelitian ini merekomendasikan novel Rumah Kaca digunakan sebagai bahan bacaan utama di sekolah menengah maupun perguruan tinggi.
Workin' moms ain't doing so bad: Evidence on the gender gap in working hours at the outset of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Knize Veronika , Tobler Lina , Christoph Bernhard , Fervers Lukas , Jacob Marita
Published: July 2021

Objective: In this project, we study changes in the working hours of men and women with and without children in the early phase of the COVID-19 crisis in Germany until August 2020.

Background: The COVID-19 outbreak in Europe led to a sharp decrease in economic activity, along with temporary closures of childcare facilities and schools. Subsequent changes in working hours in the early phase of the pandemic and during summer 2020 may have contributed to inequalities between men and women or parents and non-parents respectively.

Method: We use a unique panel dataset containing monthly survey data of the Institute for Employment Research (the IAB-HOPP) combined with administrative data of the German Federal Employment Agency. We run regression models with the change in working hours (before the crisis vs. working time at each panel wave) as the dependent variable and gender, parental status, and childcare arrangement as the main independent variables.

Results: We observe a comparable reduction in working hours for both men and women during the spring lockdown. However, only the working hours of women recover and return to their pre-crisis level in summer 2020. Most surprisingly, having children has an accelerating effect on recovery for mothers but not for fathers. At the end of the observation period, fathers do not recover as fully as mothers do.

Conclusion: These results challenge concerns about a temporary or possibly persistent 're-traditionalisation' of gender roles during the COVID-19 crisis.
Effect of Chronic Khat Chewing on Intima-Media Thickness of Common Carotid Arteries in Yemeni volunteers
Authors: Ameen M. Amer  , Elsafi A. Abdalla  , Amna A. M. Mokhtar
Published: July 2021

Objective: To assess the changes occurring in both common carotid arteries (CCAs) intima-media thickness (IMT) in Yemeni chronic khat chewers using B-mode ultrasonography.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 195 participants (103 regular khat chewers and 92 non-khat chewers) conveniently selected at the Radiology Department of the University of Science and Technology Hospital (USTH) in Sana’a from August 2017 to August 2018. Data about gender, age, BMI, chewing khat and the period of chewing were collected from participants using a structured questionnaire. B-mode ultrasonography of bilateral CCAs was then performed to measure the IMT. Data were analyzed using suitable statistical tests, and P-values <0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Results: The majority of participants with CCA-IMT were males (91.8%) and aged 27 years or younger (59.0%), with a mean age of 27.9 ± 6.8 years. Khat chewers constituted more than half of patients with CCA-IMT. There was no statistically significant difference in the mean values of RT CCA-IMT and LT CCA-IMT between khat chewers and non-khat chewers. The CCA-MIT was significantly higher among male khat chewers compared to male non-chewers (P = 0.004). However, there was no statistically significant difference between khat chewers and non-chewers with respect to the age of 20 years or older (P = 0.301) and BMI of 18.5 kg/m2 or higher (P = 0.888). Age showed a significant positive correlation with RT CCA-IMT (r = 0.380; P < 0.001) and LT CCA-IMT (r = 0.458; P < 0.001) in Khat chewers. In contrast, age showed a significant positive correlation with LT CCA-IMT only in non-khat chewers (r = 0.236; P = 0.024). On the other hand, BMI showed a significant positive correlation with LT CCA-IMT (r = 0.254; P = 0.010) among khat chewers, but no significant correlation was found in CCA-IMT of both sides among non-khat chewers. Among khat chewers, there was a significant positive correlation with RT CCA-IMT (r = 0.273; P = 0.005) and LT CCA-IMT(r = 0.194; P = 0.049).

Conclusion: Khat chewing does not lead to a significant difference in CCA-IMT among Yemeni chewers compared to non-chewers. However, the period of chewing may slightly affect the CCA-IMT among khat chewers. Age has a significant positive correlation with CCA-IMT in khat chewers and LT CCA-MIT in non-khat chewers, which could help to determine the contribution of different predisposing factors to atherosclerosis. A significant positive correlation can be found between BMI and LT CCA-MIT among khat chewers.

Keywords: Khat Chewing, Intima media thickness, Carotid, Yemen
IMPLEMENTASI DALAM PELAKSANAAN E-KTP
Authors: Nurany Fierda , Sonia Sonia , Rahmadhani Clarisa Dinda , Kurniawati Liza , Sharmistha Nyoman Pritha , Mahendra Yusril Ihza , Sary Istiqomah Rahma
Published: July 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan implementasi kebijakan e-KTP dalam pengelolaan kependudukan yang tertib. Penerapan kebijakan e-KTP telah dilakukan sesuai dengan mekanisme yang telah ditetapkan. Namun dalam penggunaannya kurang tepat Kurangnya penggunaan yang tepat dikarenakan terbatasnya pilihan dan metode sosialisasi dari dinas kependudukan dan pencatatannya, yang hanya mengandalkan sosialisasi tatap muka dan baliho, bukan media lain seperti penggunaan radio dan pamflet. Batasan teknis seperti kerusakan sistem operasi komputer, log dan batasan non teknis di lokasi penelitian seperti jaringan internet yang lemah dan kerusakan peralatan / komponen komputer (hardware) hingga keterlambatan layanan e-KTP, pemadaman listrik. Seringkali mengakibatkan Proses pengumpulan dan pencatatan e-data KTP tertunda, dan penerbitan e-KTP terus terkonsentrasi secara terpusat agar masyarakat dapat memperlambat fisik e-KTP. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah sumber daya manusia yang tersedia untuk mengimplementasikan program e-KTP di satu kota di Indonesia belum mencukupi untuk menampung semua calon e-KTP.Keywords: Pelaksanaan, elektronik, kartu penduduk
IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN APLIKASI LAYANAN ADMINISTRASI KELURAHAN TERINTEGRASI GUNA MEWUJUDKAN KONSEP SMART CITY di KOTA BANJARMASIN
Authors: Malawat Sitna Hajar
Published: July 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui implementasi layanan Sipalui (Aplikasi Layanan Administrasi Kelurahan Terintegrasi) untuk Mewujudkan Konsep Smart City di Kota Banjarmasin. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif untuk mengumpulkan data dan menganalisis data, kemudian diinterpretasikan dengan metode deskriptif untuk mendapatkan kesimpulan. Implementasi (Aplikasi Layanan Administrasi Kelurahan Terintegrasi) Untuk Mewujudkan Konsep Smart City di Kota Banjarmasin khususnya di Kelurahan Kertak Baru Ulu, Kelurahan Belitung Selatan, Kelurahan Sungai Bilu sudah berjalan dengan baik, proses kelurahan dalam mengelola sistem kepegawaian harus selalu berkoordinasi dengan pihak Biro Pemerintahan Kota Banjarmasin dalam hal pemasukan data dan segala kendala saat proses pelayanan kepada masyarakat sedang berlangsung, sedangkan dalam mencapai tujuan, pengaduan dapat memberikan dampak positif bagi masyarakat karena dengan adanya sistem pelayanan melalui layanan ini maka pelayanan menjadi lebih mudah dan cepat serta menghemat waktu baik bagi pegawai Kelurahan maupun masyarakat. Untuk pihak Kelurahan sendiri, kinerja yang dihasilkan jauh lebih efektif dan efisien dibandingkan dengan menggunakan sistem manual.Kata Kunci: Kebijakan Publik, Pelayanan Administrasi, Pemerintah, Sipalui
HISTORICAL LEARNING THROUGH THE HISTORICAL THINKING LEARNING MODEL (MPBH) BASED ON ISSUE CENTERED HISTORY BRINGS STUDENTS CAN THINK CRITICAL THINKING REALITY AND EXPECTATIONS
Authors: Arifin Anis Mohamad Zaenal , Mardiani Fitri , Wiyanarti Erlina
Published: July 2021

The phenomenal development of history learning in developed countries has made history education experts in Indonesia train students to think historically and believe that learning history must be based on historical central issues. However, the implementation of historical thinking is based onissuehistorical centre as a powerful way to achieve critical historical learning is not without challenges. Many historical education experts admit that historical thinking is the best way to teach students to learn the critical history and be able to relate problemscontemporaryto historical phenomena to carry out successfully. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of the learning model think historically (MPBH) based issue central history in the European History course. Data obtained from 2 classes with a population of 70 people. This study uses a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental method. The research findings are significant differences between the experimental and control classes in improvement ability think critical student. Conclusione ffectiveness MPBH based on the central historical issue in this research has not been able to generalize still needed to expand the research by increasing the population and a wider area.
IMPROVING STUDENT EXCEPTION AND LEARNING OUTCOMES THROUGH A SUMMARY STRATEGY (CHILDREN EDUCATION MATERIALS IN SD)
Authors: Aisyah St
Published: July 2021

The final condition expected after the implementation of the research is that as many as 80% of students complete the material as seen from the suitability of the summary results with the aim of tutorial activities, and the average score of students when working on mandatory tutorial 2 and tutorial 3 mandatory assignments has an average increase of more than 3 In the first cycle, the number of students who completed the material was only 6 people or 50%. This means that there are still 50% of students who have not finished the material because the results of the summaries made are not by the learning objectives. In the second cycle, the number of students who completed the material increased to 83.33% or 10 students, which means that there was an increase of 33.33%. In the implementation of the mandatory tutorial assignment (TT2) assessment, class VIII A students obtained sufficient average scores satisfactorily is 82, 07 when compared with the average result of the 3 tutorial compulsory assignment assessment, namely 85.17. Although the average TT3 results are not too high, the difference in value is quite fantastic, namely 3.10, more than 3. This means that student learning outcomes seen from the average value of mandatory tutorial assignments have increased and met the performance indicators set.
THE VARIETY SPECIES OF WATERBIRDS IN REGION WETLAND AT VILLAGE SUNGAI RASAU SUBDISTRICT BUMI MAKMUR DISTRICT TANAH LAUT AS MATERIAL ENRICHMENT IN THE FORM OF HANDOUT COURSES OF ZOOLOGI VERTEBRATE
Authors: Mahrudin Mahrudin , Arsyad Muhammad
Published: July 2021

Biodiversity in some region are the local potential that can developed in support learning in school or college, can be either teaching material. The potential of based on local need to develop so the learners more understand the object of studied superior Biology learning who has a relate with living creatures. Various of learning material in learning wich one is handout . bird is a live object in variety of habiats, in land or waters (water bird), wherethe wetland is one of habitats, provide resources and place for bird. The development of teaching materials based on local doing for increase of comprehension and learning outcomes of students. Sungai Rasau is one of wetland in Kalimantan Selatan can be habitats for birds especially waterbird. This research purpose to analyze variety of waterbirds in region wetland village Sungai Rasau Kecamatan Bumi makmur district Tanah laut and analyze the validity of handout compiled from result of research. The kind of research used are descriptif and developed up to the stage of test readability. The result of researchshowed for the species of waterbirds found there are 21 types includes in 7 family. While handout courses of zoology vertebrate develop from result of research include in categories very valid.
Mobile Apps as a Tool to Provide Humanized Home Care
Authors: Florentino Anelvira de Oliveira , Mondelli Alessandro Lia , Barbosa Guilherme Correa , Ferreira Ana Silvia Sartori Barravieira Seabra , Bocchi Silvia Cristina Mangini , Holtz Cassia
Published: July 2021

Background: The present study emphasizes effective, quality, individualized and humanized care, in addition to reducing the wait for care in emergency rooms and reducing the costs of institutions providing health services. Objective: Identify how mobile applications can enable the provision of quality, fast and humanized nursing home care to the patient. Method: It is an integrative literature review, in which the Health Sciences Descriptors “biomedical technology”, “home care”, “nursing care” and “smartphone” were used, in the time frame between 2017 and 2020 in the databases PubMed Central data, Database in Nursing and Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences. For the analysis, the Content Thematic was established. Results: Eleven studies were selected that met the eligibility criteria, resulting in the thematic categorization divided into: Development of applications for health care, assessment and education and Use of applications for health care. Conclusion: Assistance applications have their validity and importance, such as monitoring and welcoming the patient, as well as recording the patient's history in each application, however, assistance at home prevents the patient's displacement, waits in service queues, in addition to consist of individualized and humanized care, as valued by the holistic view that nursing and health professionals in general must have to provide healthcare.
Lightweight, Ferroelectric-Ferromagnetic Polymer- Nanocomposites for Field Sensor Applications
Authors: Behera Chakradhar
Published: July 2021

The coexistence of ferroelectric and magnetic order parameters in multiferroic materials opens up a host of new collective properties. In particular, the magnetoelectric (ME) effect namely the induction of electric polarization by a magnetic field or magnetization by an electric field has been widely studied in multiferroics. PVDF is a ferroelectric polymer that has attracted considerable research interest for sensing applications. Compared to traditional ceramic composites, the polymer-ceramic nanocomposites offer inherent advantages, including easy processing, mechanical flexibility and the ability to be moulded into complicated configurations for advanced devices with reduced volume and weight. Additionally, polymer composites generally exhibit superior ME coefficients, attributable to the improved displacement transfer capability of the flexible polymer matrix. In this report, free-standing, flexible and lightweight polymer–ceramic nanocomposite thin films with a fixed weight percentage of ferromagnetic CoFe2O4 nanoparticles have been fabricated using a solution casting technique. The structural, microstructural, and electrical properties of the composite have been characterized by standard experimental techniques. The structural and chemical analyses prove a homogeneous dispersion of the fillers in the microstructure of the composite. The electrical response investigated by impedance spectroscopy reveals the contributions of grains and grain boundaries to the whole impedance of the composites. The ac conductivity as a function of frequency obeys Jonscher’s power law. The improved magnetoelectric properties suggest promising applications in multifunctional devices, including field sensor applications.
Intellectual property policy of universities: specific regulation
Authors: Suglobov Alexander Evgenievich , Orlova Katerina Sergeevna , Kalliopin Alexander Konstantinovich , Katys Petr , Novikov Aleksey Valeryevich
Published: July 2021

This article considers the formation and implementation of a policy in relation to intellectual property in the activities of a higher education institution. Nowadays the creation, protection and commercialization of intellectual property objects are especially relevant for universities. The comprehensive solution of such issues stipulates the need for the development, adoption and implementation of university policies in relation to intellectual property objects as local regulatory acts. This study aims at analyzing intellectual property management policies in higher education institutions. The authors of the article have highlighted the key aspects of an intellectual property object as an object of management. To prove the relationship between intellectual property law and regulation that allows a university to own and freely dispose of its intangible assets, the article dwells on the best practices of European and US universities in terms of issuing local legal acts. The authors have concluded that it is inexpedient to copy the US university policy in Russia due to different approaches to intellectual property. They have developed the concept of strategic management of intellectual property based on the national legislation on the protection and disposal of intellectual property and local regulations of higher education institutions.
Improvement of turbogenerators as a technical basis for ensuring the energy independence of Ukraine
Authors: Shevchenko V. V. , Minko A. N. , Dimov M.
Published: July 2021

The paper defines the directions of improving turbogenerators as the basis for ensuring the energy independence of Ukraine. The analysis of the state, problems and prospects for the development of modern electric power industry. Goal of the work is to identify promising directions for sustainable development of the national electric power industry in order to ensure energy security of Ukraine, to conduct a comparative analysis of electricity sources, to confirm the need to improve the main sources – turbogenerators. Methodology. During the research, an analytical analysis of the electricity sources, which are installed at power plants in Ukraine and the world, was carried out, taking into account the growth of the planet's population and its energy activity. Cyclic theory was chosen as the theoretical basis for forecasting. On the basis of this theory, global development trends, advantages and disadvantages of currently used sources of electricity - thermal (including nuclear) power plants and stations that operate from renewable energy sources - have been established. A review of literary sources on the methods of the energy sector forecasting the development, including the development of the energy sector in Ukraine, has been carried out. Originality. It has been established that due to the active growth of the planet's population, with the increase in its energy activity, obtaining electricity from renewable energy sources is not enough, that for the next 20-30 years nuclear power plants will be the main sources of electricity. The internal and external threats to the energy security of Ukraine, directions of development of turbogenerator construction, ways to improve turbogenerators, to increase their energy efficiency, power per unit of performance, to increase the readiness and maneuverability factors, and overload capacity have been identified. Practical significance. The need to continue the modernization and improvement of the turbogenerators of nuclear power plant units, as the main sources of electricity, has been proved. The directions of their improvement are established: increasing the power in the established sizes, making changes to the design of the turbogenerators inactive elements, replacing the cooling agent to keep Ukrainian turbogenerators at the world level, improving auxiliary systems, improving and increasing the reliability of the excitation system, introduction of automatic systems for monitoring the state turbogenerators. Possible limits of use, advantages, disadvantages and problems of using renewable energy sources for Ukraine have been established.
Surface functionalization of greige cotton knitted fabric through plasma and cationization for dyeing with reactive and acid dyes
Authors: Correia Jeferson , Mathur Kavita , Bourham Mohamed , Oliveira Fernando Ribeiro , Valle Rita De Cássia Siqueira Curto , Valle José Alexandre Borges , Seyam Abdel-Fattah M.
Published: July 2021

Dyeing cotton fabrics with anionic dyes produces high effluent loads and requires a considerable amount of water and energy due to the electrostatic repulsion with cellulose. Therefore, several approaches have been researched to increase the efficacy of cotton dyeing. One is the cationization, which adds cationic sites to the cellulose. Another is the treatment of the cotton surface with plasma. In this paper, the combination of both techniques was investigated. Two commercially available cationic agents were used: 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CHPTAC) and poly[bis(2-chloroethyl) ether-alt-1,3-bis[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]urea] quaternized, a novel cationic agent also known as Polyquaternium2 (P42). The plasma treatment was performed using a dielectric barrier discharge atmospheric plasma facility, helium was used as seed gas and 1.5 % of oxygen was injected. The cationization and plasma treatment were performed on greige cotton fabric, an innovative and sustainable approach that eliminates conventional scouring and bleaching processes. The cationic and plasma treated samples were dyed using Reactive Red 195 and Acid Blue 260 dyes. The effect of the treatments was evaluated by different characterization techniques such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The plasma treatment slightly increased the light fastness for some samples, but the cationization tends to prevail over the plasma treatment. The best results were attributed to the samples pretreated by CHPTAC, which presented the highest K/S and lowest unlevelness for samples dyed with reactive and acid dyes. CHPTAC is the most common cationic agent for textiles, but its industrial use is limited due to safety criticisms. The combination between plasma and P42 resulted in the same color strength as the conventional reactive dyeing. Therefore, this approach offers a safer alternative to the conventional cationization process.
Groundwater Flow Algorithm: A Novel Hydro-geology based Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Guha Ritam , Ghosh Soulib , Ghosh Kushal Kanti , Sarkar Ram
Published: July 2021

A novel meta-heuristic nature-inspired optimization algorithm known as Groundwater Flow Algorithm (GWFA) is proposed in this paper. GWFA is inspired from the movement of groundwater from recharge areas to discharge areas. It follows a position update procedure guided by Darcy's law which provides a mathematical framework of groundwater flow. The proposed optimization algorithm has been evaluated on 23 benchmark functions. The significance of the results is statistically validated using Wilcoxon rank-sum, Friedman and Kruskal Walis tests. To prove the robustness of the algorithm, it has been further applied on several standard engineering problems. From these exhaustive experiments, it has been observed that the proposed GWFA can outperform many state-of-the-art optimization algorithms.
Plasmonic Sensor based on Microstructure PCF: Performance Analysis with Outside Detecting Approach
Authors: Hossain Md. Biplob , Sakib Md. Nazmus , Hossain Md. Sanwar
Published: July 2021

In this microarticle, we design a microstructure photonic crystal fiber (PCF) based external sensing surface
plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor. The performance of the design is numerically evaluated incorporating the finite
element method (FEM) with Perfectly Matched Layer (PML) boundary condition of scattering case. Modal analysis is
performed using finer mesh anlaysis. At the optimized thickness (40nm) of chemically stable gold(Au) layer, the ever
been maximum reported wavelength sensitivity (WS) and standard amplitude sensitivity (AS) are to 75,000 nm per RIU
and 480 per RIU correspondingly. The sensor also exposed high polynomial fit (𝐑𝟐 = 𝟎. 𝟗𝟗) as well as high figure of
merit (FoM) of 280.77 per RIU. Since very much high sensitivity, high detecting range and figure of merit, lowing the
cost of fabrication, the proposed design can be a pleasant competitor in detection of the analyte refractive index (RI). At
the last, to prove performance ability of our designed sensor all the performance parameter calculated results compare
with the existing sensors.
Antifungal Activity, Identification and Biosynthetic Potential Analysis of Fungi Against Rhizoctonia Cerealis
Authors: Zhao Xing-li , Song Peng , Hou Dianyun , Li Ziliang , Hu Zhenjie
Published: July 2021

Purpose: Wheat sheath blight mainly infected by Rhizoctonia cerealis is one of the soil-borne fungal diseases of wheat worldwide and prevalent in major wheat growing areas in China at present. This study aimed to evaluate the antifungal activity of 163 endophytic fungi on R. cerealis. Antifungal strains were identified and their biosynthetic potential was analysed. Methods: The antifungal activity of the strains was evaluated via dual-culture antagonism assay. The antifungal strains were identified on the basis of morphological characteristics and internal transcribed spacer gene sequencing. The polyketide synthases (PKSs) and nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) genes in antifungal strains were detected via specific amplification of chromosomal DNA. Result: Twelve out of 163 fungal strains, including seven strains with matrix competition and five strains with antibiosis, were obtained. The 12 antifungal strains belonged to four genera: Alternaria, Ascochyta, Botryosphaeria and Talaromyces. The inhibition rate of the seven strains with matrix competition was greater than 50%, with that of Botryosphaeria dothidea S2-33 being the highest at 84.6%. The inhibition zone of Talaromyces assiutensis R-03 amongst the five strains with antibiosis was the widest at up to 7 mm. Among the 12 antifungal strains, the strain S2-16 contained all the genes tested, five B. dothidea strains contained PKS-II and NRPS genes, two Alternaria alternate strains only contained PKS-II gene and the remaining four strains did not contain any. Conclusion: Results demonstrated 12 potential strains for the biocontrol of wheat sheath blight. In particular, T. assiutensis R-03 was determined as a promising agent. The active substances secreted by antifungal strains may be produced by other biosynthetic pathways.
A minimal dose of unmanipulated bone marrow infusion without conditioning for T-B+NK- severe combined immunodeficiency
Authors: Yi Eun Sang , Ju Hee Young , Cho Hee Won , Lee Ji Won , Sung Ki Woong , Koo Hong Hoe , Kang Eun-Suk , Ahn Kang Mo , Kim Yae-Jean , Yoo Keon Hee
Published: July 2021

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the standard method of reconstituting immune function in severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID); however, there is no consensus about optimal cell doses. In this study, we investigated HSCT outcomes and immune reconstitution, following minimal dose (MD) HSCT in T cell-negative (T-), B cell-positive (B+), natural killer cell-negative (NK-) SCID patients. We retrospectively reviewed patients with SCID who received HSCT between 2002–2018. Standard dose (SD) and MD were classified based on a total nucleated cell count (TNC) of 1.0 × 108/kg or more and less. Total seven patients with SCID received HSCT. MD group (n = 4) were administered 5 mL or less of bone marrow without conditioning, with median TNC and CD34+ cell counts of 0.49 × 108/kg and 0.62 × 106/kg, respectively. T cells recovered within a year, and immunoglobulin supplementation was discontinued at median 3.5 months after HSCT in all MD recipients. All MD recipients were alive without disease recurrence at a median of 126.9 months after HSCT, exhibiting donor chimerism in the range of 10.1–100%. In patients with T-B + NK- SCID, sufficient therapeutic effects were safely obtained with minimal dose of bone marrow infusion without conditioning.
Safety of Dipeptidylpeptidase-4 Inhibitors in Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Doni Katharina , Bühn Stefanie , Weise Alina , Mann Nina-Kristin , Hess Simone , Sönnichsen Andreas , Pieper Dawid , Thürmann Petra , Mathes Tim
Published: July 2021

BackgroundWe aim to assess the safety of dipeptidylpeptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4s) in older type 2 diabetes patients with inadequate glycaemic control. MethodsWe included RCTs in older (≥65 years) patients with type 2 diabetes. The intervention group was treated with any DPP4. A systematic search in MEDLINE and EMBASE was performed in December 2020. For assessing risk of bias, the RoB 2 tool was applied. The quality of evidence was assessed using GRADE. We pooled outcomes using random-effects meta-analyses. ResultsWe identified 16 RCTs that included 19,317 patients with a mean age >70 years. The mean HbA1c ranged between 7.1g/dl and 10.0g/dl.Adding DPP4s to standard alone care may increase mortality slightly (RR 1.04; 0.89-1.21). Adding DPP4s to standard care increases the risk for hypoglycaemia (RR 1.08; 95%CI 1.01-1.16), but difference in overall adverse events is negligible.DPP4s added to standard care likely reduce mortality compared to sulfonylureas (RR 0.88; 0.75-1.04). DPP4s probably reduce the risk for hypoglycaemia compared to sulfonylureas (magnitude of effect not quantifiable because of heterogeneity) but difference in overall adverse events is negligible.There is insufficient evidence on hospitalizations, falls, fractures, renal impairment, and pancreatitis. Conclusion There is no evidence that DPP4s in addition to standard care decrease mortality but DPP4s increase hypoglycaemia risk. Second-line therapy in older patients should be considered cautiously because even in drugs with a good safety profile like DPP4s. In the case second-line treatment is necessary, DPP4s appear to be superior to sulfonylureas. RegistrationPROSPERO: CRD42020210645
Additive Manufacturing of Thermoplastic M8 Fasteners Using Photopolymer Jetting Technology for Low-Strength Fastening Applications
Authors: Patpatiya Parth , Shastri Anshuman
Published: July 2021

This study investigates the spatial accuracy of additively manufactured M8 fasteners fabricated using photopolymer jetting technology. A number of M8 bolts and their mating M8 nuts are fabricated using Stratasys Object 260 Connex 3 polyjet printer with Vero cyan, Vero magenta, Vero white, and Vero grey thermoplastic resins. Vero series thermo-plastics were used as they offer durability, strength, and flexibility. The additively manufactured nuts and bolts are fabricated with the intention of introducing thermoplastic fasteners that could eventually substitute metal fasteners in certain low strength joining applications such as in fluidics, electronics, biomedical engineering, food packaging, and automobile industries. Manufacturing constraints and critical conditions for fabrication are presented. Vital printing and manufacturing constraints, dimensional stability analysis, and the subsequent dimensional changes for the fabricated fasteners are thoroughly illustrated. Dimensional stability of the printed structures was examined under an ultra-compact 3D laser sensor and the imaging results are also presented. The fabricated thread profile superimposed precisely with the CAD model’s ISO thread profile dimensions. The dimensional performance of the fabricated M8 fasteners was examined in every orientation and along each axis of the fasteners. The high-quality manufacturing of fasteners using photopolymer jetting reached the maximum precision requirements and fitted under IT 06 transition fit grade.
Statistics and Formation Mechanism Analysis on the Basin-Range Patterns of Granite Bodies in Hunan Province, China
Authors: Wei Runchu , Rao Chenmo , Cao Zhendong , Zhou Hui , Zhu Yi , Chen Peng , Ouyang Qi
Published: July 2021

This paper presents the results of statistical analysis on the basin-range relations between the granite rock bodies and surrounding rocks in Hunan Province of China. Among the 44 granitoids in Hunan Province, 28 are basins, 14 are ranges, and only 2 cannot be directly classified. The basin-range properties of granite bodies are closely related to the lithology of surrounding rocks. Among the 28 granite basins, 24 are surrounded by slate, 3 by sandstone, and only 1 by glutenite, while 11 of 14 ranges are surrounded by carbonate rocks. From the perspective of endodynamic process, tectonic movements played an important role in the evolution of the terrain in the granite areas. Firstly, tectonism shaped the large-scale tectonic framework which deter-mined the distribution of some granite mountains in Hunan Province. In addition, tectonic compression or extension formed some granite compressional uplifts or horsts, which present as ranges now. From the perspective of differential weathering, the difference of resistance to weathering between granite and their surrounding rocks is an essential factor for the development of granite basin or range. When their surrounding rocks are carbonate rocks, the granite areas mostly present as ranges for the high solubility of carbonate minerals. When their surrounding rocks are slate rocks, the granite areas are mostly basins for their lower resistance to weathering than slate rocks determined by their more unstable minerals to weathering and more conductive soils to rainfall infiltration.
Climatic data provide clues on the geographic origin of a spider invasion in the Americas
Authors: Segura-Hernández Laura Marcela , Barrantes Gilbert , Chacón-Madrigal Eduardo , García-Rodríguez Adrián
Published: July 2021

Identifying the source population of invasive species is important to assess the distribution and potential effects in the invaded area. The araneid spider Cyrtophora citricola is widely distributed in Europe, Asia, and Africa; however, in the last twenty years, it has been reported in several countries across the Americas. To date, the geographic origin of the populations established in America remains unclear, but considering the successful colonization after its recent arrival, a high environmental similarity between the invaded and native geographic distributions is expected. In this study, we compared the environmental characteristics of two possible native regions (southern Africa and the Mediterranean) and the invaded region (America), to determine the more likely origin for the populations established in America. We found that the South African populations of C. citricola occupy environments with similar climatic conditions to those of the American populations, and these similarities are greater than the ones shared with the Mediterranean populations. Therefore, our results support a Southern African, rather than a Mediterranean origin for the populations established in America. In addition, our results also show that populations in America are expanding to environments that differ from those of the native populations. Further studies, assessing intrinsic (e.g. physiological tolerances, plasticity, behavior, reproduction) and extrinsic (physical barriers, predator release) factors could provide further information to disentangle the mechanisms behind this expansion.
Early Invasion of Common Cordgrass (Spartina Anglica) Increases Belowground Biomass and Decreases Macrofaunal Density and Diversity in a Tidal Flat Marsh
Authors: Shin Wonhyeop , Oh Minwoo , Hong Jae-Sang , Byun Chaeho , Lee Eun Ju
Published: July 2021

Spartina anglica is an invasive perennial marsh grass causing significant negative impacts on tidal flat ecosystem. There have been only a few studies focusing on the patch structure of S. anglica according to size and its effects on macrofauna. A field experiment was conducted to identify effects of S. anglica patches where they have been introduced no later than 5 years after invasion occurred on macrofauna assemblages. The survey area was divided into two sections according to vegetation: (1) Suaeda japonica vegetation from 0 to 60 m away from the embankment, and (2) bare mudflat from 60 to 90 m away from the embankment. The patch sizes of S. anglica were categorized into small (1–4 m2), medium (5–11 m2), and large (13–40 m2) in area with four replicates for each section. The biomass ratio of the belowground and aboveground in the small size patch of S. anglica was significantly higher than those in the medium and large size patch of S. anglica. It indicated that more resource was allocated to rhizomes in small size patch with short invasion history (1 ~ 2 years). After S. anglica invaded, macrofauna richness (70%), Shannon-Wiener diversity (80%), and density (67%) were decreased. However, infaunal deposit-feeding polychaete Perinereis linea and epifaunal gastropods Batillaria cumingi and Lactiforis takii increased by S. anglica. Ordination of macroinvertebrate assemblages separated the habitat with S. anglica invasion from the adjacent uninvaded tidal flat and Suaeda japonica habitats. This study offers a significant insight into early invasion strategies of an aggressive plant invader, S. anglica for management of coastal wetlands and its impacts on macrofaunal assemblages.
Incidence of Acute and Subacute Complications Associated To Bile Duct Stents, in Patients with Advanced Cancer: A Single Center Experience.
Authors: Corbera Alex , Rios Alejandro , Visa Laura , Casadevall David , Izarbe Lucas , Barranco Luis , Radosevic Aleksandar , Servitja Sonia
Published: July 2021

Background:

Pancreatic cancer (PCa) and biliary tract carcinomas (BTCa) have high morbidity and mortality rates. Bile duct obstruction (BDO) develops in approximately 65–75% of PCa at diagnosis, delaying the administration of an optimal treatment. In patients not candidates for surgery, BDO is usually treated through endoscopy-guided placement of self-expanding stents in the bile duct.
Methods:

In this retrospective study, we sought to describe clinical characteristics and outcomes of a cohort of patients with BDO of malignant origin who underwent biliary stent placement (BSP), with a special focus regarding complications developed after the procedure. Patients with PCa or BTCa who underwent BSP from 2014 to April 2019 at our institution were included in this cohort. Demographic and clinicopathologic characteristics were collected. Statistical analysis stratified according to ECOG performance status. Specific information regarding stent material (metallic vs. plastic), as well as incidence and type of complications derived from BSP was also recorded.
Results:

One-hundred fifteen patients were included. The median age was 72 years. Sixty-six patients (57%) had PCa. All patients presented hyperbilirrubinemia, which decreased after the procedure in 111 (96%) patients. Complications were observed in 44 (38%) patients, most of which 33 (75%) were infections. Median time to complication was one month. The mean overall survival (OS) in our study was 20.3 weeks.
Conclusion:

BSP effectively decreased hyperbilirubinemia in patients with BDO, however, the procedure associated a significant rate of infectious complications, which can further compromise an effective anti-cancer therapy as well as optimal palliative strategies.
The Relationship Between Health Expenditure, CO2 Emissions And Economic Growth In The BRICS Countries——Based On The Fourier ARDL Model
Authors: Li Fangjhy , Chang Tsangyao , Wang Mei-Chih , Zhou Jun
Published: July 2021

In the process of urbanization in developing countries, transportation infrastructure will be built and population migration will also occur. Although these actions can promote economic growth, they can also affect CO2 emissions. CO2 emissions will affect the health of residents, thereby changing health expenditures. The interaction of these three aspects is also a hot topic among scholars. The BRICS countries are emerging countries with the highest carbon dioxide emissions in the world. Discovering problems from empirical research is the focus of our research. This paper finds that, in the long-term, with CO2 emissions as the dependent variable and health expenditure and economic growth as the independent variables, there is a cointegration relationship between Brazil and China. In the short-term, there is a causal relationship between India’s CO2 emissions and health spending; other countries only show a one-way relationship between carbon dioxide emissions, medical spending, or economic growth. Our recommendations to the BRICS countries are as follows: (1) The BRICS countries should transform their economic development methods and use low-polluting alternative energy sources; (2) Brazil and India should pay attention to the indirect effects of economic growth and align economic growth policies with health expenditure policies. (3) South Africa should pay more attention to the sustainability of the impact of economic growth policies on health expenditures.JEL Classification: C22, E23, I18, O13,