bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the distribution of statistical concentrations of pollutants in samples of treated wastewater from small sewage treatment plants
Authors: Kaczor Grzegorz B.
Published: March 2023

The aim of the research was to show which theoretical statistical distribution best reflects and describes the variability of pollutant concentrations in treated sewage, discharged from small sewage treatment plants, characterised by a value below 2000 PE. The statistical analysis additionally takes into account the influence of the number of measuring sequence data on the shape and level of the distribution fit. The data for the research were obtained from three small sewage treatment plants, operating in the Lesser Poland, 10, 11 and 14 km from Kraków. Due to their size, these facilities are included in the group of treatment plants below 2000 PE. The research was conducted for 10 years. In the statistical analysis, 20-, 40-, 60- and 80-element data series were used, including the values of biochemical oxygen demand ( BOD5), chemical oxygen demand ( CODCr) and total suspended solids ( TSS), determined in samples of treated wastewater. Two commonly used tests, Kolmogorov–Smirnov λ and Pearson’s X 2 test were used to assess the fit of the theoretical statistical distribution to the empirical data distribution. Statistical analysis showed that the studied communities were characterised by an asymmetric, right-oblique distribution. Most often, the empirical distribution of the analysed measurement sequences was consistent with the Fisher–Tippett distribution. On the basis of the X 2 test, this distribution was described by a total of 31 out of 36 analysed groups at the significance level of a = 0.05. Other distributions that often describe the analysed empirical data are: Gamma, log-normal, Chi-square, and Weibull. The common feature of these distributions is usually asymmetry, right oblique. The skewness value ranges from 0.15 to 1.69.
Practical aspects of the use of the sluice gate discharge equations to estimate the volumetric flow rate in the irrigation channels
Authors: Kubrak Elżbieta , Kubrak Janusz
Published: March 2023

The article presents the experimental results of the calibration of the typical check structure with sluice gates installed in a trapezoidal irrigation channel. Hydraulic experiments on sluice gate discharge capacity were performed on a model made in a 1:2 scale. It has been explained how the method of measuring the downstream water depth below the sluice gate in the check structures installed in a trapezoidal irrigation channels affects the measured depth values. On the basis of hydraulic measurements, regression relationships were developed for the discharge coefficients for submerged outflow through the sluice gate in two types of sluice gates installed in irrigation channels. The formulas allow to calculate the volumetric flow rate below the submerged sluice gate after determining the water depth upstream and below the sluice gate and the gate opening height. The differences in volumetric flow rates calculated from regression relationships and measured values do not exceed 10%, which confirms their practical suitability for calculating the discharge through a sluice gate mounted in a trapezoidal channel. The values of the discharge coefficients determined in the channels with rectangular cross-sections are not useful for the discharge coefficients of sluice gates check structures installed in trapezoidal channels. Nomograms and relationships for discharge coefficients of the analysed sluice gate were developed.
Plant secondary metabolites as defenses: A review
Authors: Jusuf Herlina , Elveny Marischa , Azizova Feruza , Shichiyakh Rustem A. , Kulikov Dmitriy , Al-Taee Muataz M. , Atiyah Karrar K. , Jalil Abduladheem T. , Aravindhan Surendar
Published: March 2023

Plant secondary metabolites have a variety of functions, including mediating relationships between organisms, responding to environmental challenges, and protecting plants against infections, pests, and herbivores. In a similar way, through controlling plant metabolism, plant microbiomes take part in many of the aforementioned processes indirectly or directly. Researchers have discovered that plants may affect their microbiome by secreting a variety of metabolites, and that the microbiome could likewise affect the metabolome of the host plant. Pesticides are agrochemicals that are employed to safeguard humans and plants from numerous illnesses in urban green zones, public health initiatives, and agricultural fields. The careless use of chemical pesticides is destroying our ecology. As a result, it is necessary to investigate environmentally benign alternatives to pathogen management, such as plant-based metabolites. According to literature, plant metabolites have been shown to have the ability to battle plant pathogens. Phenolics, flavonoids, and alkaloids are a few of the secondary metabolites of plants that have been covered in this study.
Evaluating the suitability of a new telemetric capacitance-based measurement system for real-time application in irrigation and fertilization management
Authors: Treder Waldemar , Klamkowski Krzysztof , Tryngiel-Gać Anna , Wójcik Katarzyna
Published: March 2023

The suitability of a new wireless smart farming system for controlling irrigation and fertilization of horticultural plants was assessed in the study. The system (name: AGREUS®) includes sensors (soil moisture, salinity, weather data), executive modules (valve modules), and an application available on the web portal (accessed through computers and mobile devices). The studies were performed under laboratory and field conditions. Laboratory tests included appraisal of the precision of soil moisture and salinity measurements carried out with the soil probe (comparison with the results obtained by laboratory methods). Operational tests were conducted in field trials. In these trials, assessment of the possibility of practical control of irrigation and monitoring soil salinity was performed in an apple orchard. The conducted analyses have shown the usefulness of the system, not only for automatic control of irrigation but also for making decisions about the necessity to fertilize plants. The system enables continuous monitoring of changes in soil moisture and salinity, including the migration of minerals across the soil profile (using a probe with several measuring elements) as a result of the applied irrigation or rainfall. The system allows for automatic application of irrigation or fertigation depending on the adopted soil moisture and salinity thresholds. However, the tests showed that a salinity index calculated by the system does not directly correspond to the salinity values determined by laboratory methods. For this reason individual interpretation and determination of optimal ranges for plants is required.
Monthly changes in physicochemical parameters of the groundwater in Nida valley, Poland (case study)
Authors: Phan Cong Ngoc , Strużyński Andrzej , Kowalik Tomasz
Published: March 2023

The groundwater of the Nida valley was investigated to assess the quality of water source and monthly variations of the physicochemical parameters. A total of 70 water samples were collected from 7 sampling sites during a 10 months period from June 2021 to March 2022. Sampling frequency was once per month. The parameters such as temperature ( T), electrical conductivity ( EC), dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, total dissolved solids (TDS) were measured in-situ by using handheld device. Meanwhile, total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), chloride (Cl –), sulphate (SO42–), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), chemical oxygen demand (COD) were analysed in the laboratory. According to the classification of Ministry of Marine Economy and Inland Navigation in Poland (2019), some investigated parameters are classified as unsatisfactory quality waters (class 4) and poor-quality waters (class 5) for a few specific months. Such as, TP concentrations obtained in June and January are classified as class 4, SO 4 2– concentrations corresponded to classes 4 and 5 in June, July and August, and Mn concentrations (except in January) are settled in class 5. The high values of Fe in November are arranged in class 5 and in June, July to September and March are classified in class 4. Statistical methods were used as: Shapiro–Wilk test (α = 0.05), ANOVA test and post-hoc Tukey test (α = 0.05), Kruskal–Wallis test and Wilcoxon (Mann–Whitney) rank sum test (α = 0.05) estimated the significant differences in sampling months. Pearson correlation analysis (α = 0.01 and 0.05), principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis showed correlation between the parameters and sampling months.
Investments in small retention as a factor influencing land-use changes. A case study of Poland
Authors: Feltynowski Marcin
Published: March 2023

Building permit decisions are one of the most important elements of the investment process in Poland. It should be noted that water reservoirs influence the diversification of landscapes by increasing their attractiveness in both urban and rural areas. The article aimed to verify the relationship between the changes in land-use development and investments related to small retention. Another goal was classifying objects for which building permits have been obtained and registered. Changes in land-use development associated with the introduction of ponds, which blend in with the landscape, are desirable from the perspective of retaining water resources in urban and rural ecosystems. The research methodology was based on spatial data and included statistical analyses in three regions: Mazowieckie, Lodzkie and Swietokrzyskie. Studies carried out in these regions showed a spatial correlation associated with investments in small retention. The research used methods of the global I Moran statistic and local Moran statistics. The data used in the study came from the Register of Applications, Decisions and Notifications, made available by the Main Office of Construction Site. The research indicates clusters of investments in small retention in analysed regions. The majority of investors are residents who invest in earth ponds. The study shows that investment in small retention is connected with ecosystem services.
Remote sensing monitoring of irrigated areas from 1972 to 2018 in the Guigou Plain, Middle Atlas, Morocco
Authors: El-Bouhali Abdelaziz , Cotonnec Adeline , Lebaut Sébastien , Amyay Mhamed , Thomas Alban , El Ouazani Ech-Chahdi Khadija , Laouanne Mohamed , Gille Emmanuel
Published: March 2023

The cartography and quantification of irrigated fields in the context of decreasing rainfall constitute a key element for water resources management. Therefore, in this context, the use of remote sensing methods applied to Landsat-type images with a high spatial resolution for monitoring the changes in land use in general and irrigated crops, in particular, is highly relevant. This paper aims to present a method for mapping spatial and temporal changes in irrigated parcels in the Guigou Plain, located in the central Middle Atlas, based on Landsat images and fieldwork. For the years 1985, 1998, 2010 and 2018, the use of a supervised classification method based on the principle of machine learning, fed by precise field surveys, has made it possible to highlight a significant extension of irrigated areas to the expense of pastureland and rainfed crops. Over the entire period under consideration, the results obtained with good precision (98.5% overall accuracy) showed that the area under irrigated crops has increased from approximately 699 ha to 3988 ha, i.e. an increase of 570%. The corollary of this increase is strong pressure on the water resource, especially groundwater. This information on the total extension of irrigated plots can be taken as a reference in the perspective of reasoned management of water resources in the sector.
Theoretical studies of interactions in cyprodinil–α-cyclodextrin and cyprodinil–β-cyclodextrin systems
Authors: Hołaj-Krzak Jakub T.
Published: March 2023

The paper presents the results of theoretical calculations in terms of the G4MP2 composite method for cyprodinil–α-cyclodextrin (C 0@α-CD) and cyprodinil–β-cyclodextrin (C 0@β-CD) systems. Studies also covered analogous systems consisting of the anion (C −) and the cation (C +) of cyprodinil. The geometries of the cyprodinil molecule and ions were optimized on the basis of the DFT theory, using hybrid (B3LYP, PBE0), pure (B97-D) and “meta” (M06-2X) GGA functionals for selected Pople basis sets [6-311++G(d,p), 6-311++G(2d,p), 6-311++G(2d,2p)] and Dunning basis set (aug-cc-pVDZ). The research results suggest that the affinity of “guest” molecules for “hosts” is relatively low. Theoretical studies of the “guest-host” systems allow to predict the properties of the designed preparations.
Quality Assessment Methods Regarding the Processing of the Patient Feedback Questionnaire Form an Emergency County Hospital - Case Study
Authors: Florin Florin Ciucea , Hangan Laurentiu-Tony
Published: March 2023

The patient feedback mechanism is the set of measures and procedures aimed at assessing patients satisfaction with medical services received in public hospitals, by analyzing the responses provided by patients on the quality of services, respect for patients’ rights and moral conduct of medical staff.

Following the interpretation of the result of the data obtained from the verification of the patient feedback questionnaire, when asked how satisfied you are with the medical services offered by the hospital, there is an increase of 8% in 2021 compared to 2020.

At the same time, there is an increase of 6%, of patients very satisfied with the cleanliness of the hospital and the appearance of the underwear and the effects in the hospital, in 2021 compared to 2020.

Regarding the clear explanations regarding the diagnosis and treatment, we have a percentage decrease of 1%, compared to 2020.
Evolution of Hepatitis B Virus Infection Under Antiviral Treatment in Children in the Registry of the Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases Constanta
Authors: Cucli Elena , Mihai Raluca , Dumea Elena , Cambrea Claudia Simona
Published: March 2023

Hepatitis B virus infection is one of the most common diseases diagnosed and treated in infectious disease hospitals around the world, with about 5% of the world’s population infected with this virus. In 2020, 21 cases of acute hepatitis B were registered in Romania and no case of perinatal transmission or chronic hepatitis B, the maximum incidence rate in women was among those aged between 45 and 54 years, and in men between 20 and 24 years.

This study is a retrospective on the response to antiviral treatment of children with hepatitis B, which is on the records of the Clinical Hospital for Infectious Diseases between 2010 and 2021. Although the treatment was good and the disease is practically non-clinical, ongoing biochemical and imaging monitoring is required to detect a possible increase in HBV-DNA levels, as well as to prevent liver damage and complications.

In the case of patients in our group, Entecavir had a beneficial effect, due to the fact that HBV-DNA became undetectable in 7 of the 9 patients, and the values of transaminases were within normal limits.
Statistical Analysis of Dermatological Condition in a Family Medicine Practice in South East Romania
Authors: Catana Emil
Published: March 2023

Dermatological conditions are defined as the most common in all age groups. It is especially important to take into account the promptnes and correctness of the diagnosis and the administration of the treatment of choice. A large part of dermatological conditions, by theyr nature, can predispose the patient to low self-esteem with emotional imbalance and anxiety. Sometimes these can result in severe depression, rarely ending in suicide.

It is difficult to count the transposition time of dermatological infections until the appearance of symptoms, because each onset of dermatological disease varies, from days, month, years and therefore contact dermatitis, psoriasis, scabies, sunstroke, chronic radiodermatitis, onychomycosis, aerated alopecia, acne, rosacea acne, vitiligo as well as lesion of the connective tissue and subcutaneous cells, the latter largely duet o their idiopathic character.

The purpose of this study is the statical analysis of the cases of dermatological infections associated with medical care from a family medicine office in Lumina during the period 01.01.2022 – 31.09.2022.

The author illustrates the discrepancy between the representative increase in cases of dermatological conditions among the population and the expression of daily activity.
Influence of Agrotechnical Practices and Sowing Time in Various Weather on Soybean Yield
Authors: Syromyatnikov Yuri , Semenenko Ivan , Maksimovich Kirill , Troyanovskaya Irina , Karnaukhov Andrey , Orekhovskaya Alexandra , Voinash Sergey
Published: March 2023

For seed germination and the formation of a good soybean crop, significant reserves of soil moisture are required, which depends on the autumn-winter soil preparation, weather conditions and planting dates. The purpose of this study is to identify the impact of the main tillage technology on its agrophysical properties and conditions for the growth and development of soybean plants. Experimental crop rotation: soybean – winter wheat was carried out under favourable (hydrothermal coefficient 1.46) and dry (hydrothermal coefficient 0.66–0.87) weather conditions. The main tillage was carried out with a stratifier PRSM-5 to a depth of 15–17 cm or a chisel plough PCh-2.5 to a depth of 25–27 cm, with additional pre-sowing or post-sowing rolling with a ring-spur roller KKSH. Sowing was carried out at a depth of 10 cm with stable heating of the soil in three periods: the first at 8–10 °С, the second at 10–12 °С, and the third at 12–14 °С. As a result of evaluating the influence of various factors, it was found that under favourable conditions, the highest seed productivity of soybean plants (1.91–1.96 t·ha−1) was formed after treatment with the stratifier PRSM-5 at the first sowing period and at the second sowing period after chisel ploughing with additional soil compaction. In dry weather conditions, pre-sowing treatment with a stratifier PRSM-5 had an advantage in seed productivity by 7–12% compared to ploughing with a chisel plough PCH-2.5.
Measuring Roof Coverings of Vernacular Architecture in Open-Air Museums. A Long-Term Approach for Sustainable Intervention Work
Authors: Cîmpeanu Andrei
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this article is to examine how modern techniques of measurement and visual representation using ICT can aid in the assessment and preservation of wooden architectural landmarks in open-air (folk-life) museums. By developing a general understanding of vernacular architecture, experts can more effectively plan for maintenance and large-scale interventions to protect these structures. Specifically, the article focuses on the use of photogrammetry to assess and diagnose roof coverings, which are a crucial component of vernacular architecture. Roof coverings not only impact the aesthetic of a building but also play a significant role in its function. As they often reflect local customs and beliefs, they are essential to a community's cultural identity and sense of belonging. Measuring roof coverings in vernacular architecture sites can be challenging due to the availability of materials like thatch, clay tiles, or wooden shingles, and the negative impact that a degraded roof can have on the overall state of a building.
Fuzzy Networks for Modeling Shared Semantic Knowledge
Authors: Badie Farshad , Augusto Luis M.
Published: March 2023

Shared conceptualization, in the sense we take it here, is as recent a notion as the Semantic Web, but its relevance for a large variety of fields requires efficient methods of extraction and representation for both quantitative and qualitative data. This notion is particularly relevant for the investigation into, and construction of, semantic structures such as knowledge bases and taxonomies, but given the required large, often inaccurate, corpora available for search we can get only approximations. We see fuzzy description logic as an adequate medium for the representation of human semantic knowledge and propose a means to couple it with fuzzy semantic networks via the propositional Łukasiewicz fuzzy logic such that these suffice for decidability for queries over a semantic-knowledge base such as “to what degree of sharedness does it entail the instantiation C(a) for some concept C” or “what are the roles R that connect the individuals a and b to degree of sharedness ε.”
Linguistic Discrimination as a Social, Legal and Human Rights Phenomenon
Authors: Fiala-Butora János
Published: March 2023

This article explores the difference between equality and the absence of discrimination within the area of language use. It draws on examples of social practices of linguistic inequality in Slovakia, and analyses how these are regulated by Slovak law, international law and laws of countries of best practices. The article argues that these examples represent three different models of linguistic equality: formal equality, equality of opportunities and substantive linguistic equality. It will analyse how these approaches empower or disadvantage speakers of minority languages, and what normative guide they provide for linguistic equality.
Discriminatory Instrumentalisation of Language
Authors: Rusinková Jaroslava
Published: March 2023

The paper focuses on the description of language used as a tool of discrimination. We understand discrimination as a relationship between two subjects when ontological and axiological certainty is violated. In this sense discriminatory instrumentalisation of language is released at the level of harmful discrimination, unequal treatment and disadvantage. Language use plays a major role in creating a discourse which establishes certain ways of thinking and speaking. The research material is based on conversation about the advertisement for Absolut vodka. The conversation was held on Facebook.
Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry pilot study to identify volatile organic compound biomarkers of childhood obesity with dyslipidemia in exhaled breath
Authors: Xu Tan , Wang Jiaxing , Tan Jiang , Huang Tao , Han Guojun , Li Yizhou , Yu Haiyi , Zhou Jiang , Xu Ming
Published: March 2023

Objectives

Childhood obesity affects multiple organs in the body and is associated with both significant morbidity and ultimately premature mortality. Childhood obesity, especially dyslipidemia, can lead to early atherosclerosis and premature cardiovascular disease (CVD) in adulthood. The detection of exhaled volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the breath offers the opportunity for the discovery of novel disease-specific biomarkers. This study aimed to identify VOCs that correlate with childhood obesity accompanied by dyslipidemia.

Methods

A total of 82 overweight or obese children between the ages of 8 and 12 years were recruited from the exercise on obesity adolescents in Peking (EXCITING) study (NCT04984005). The breath VOCs of the participants were measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The classification was performed using principal component analysis (PCA) of the relative abundance of VOCs. The difference between the obese and overweight groups with or without dyslipidemia was analyzed.

Results

Among the 82 children, 25 were overweight, of whom 10 had dyslipidemia. The other 57 children were obese, and 17 of them had dyslipidemia. Obese children with dyslipidemia had higher triglycerides and elevated non–high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol compared to overweight children without dyslipidemia. We confirmed 13 compounds based on database well matches (average score > 80) for mass spectra and refractive index. These 13 VOCs were grouped into three chemical functional groups: saturated hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons and unsaturated aldehydes. For obese children with dyslipidemia, the PCA scatter plot of the three chemical groups was obviously separated from the other groups. Some of the candidates, including heptadecane, naphthalene, and cis-6-nonnenol, were significantly higher in obese children with dyslipidemia than in overweight groups with or without dyslipidemia.

Conclusion

A suite of VOCs from three chemical function groups, saturated hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, and unsaturated aldehydes, were separated in the obese children with dyslipidemia. Heptadecane, naphthalene, and cis-6-nonenol were significantly elevated in obese children with dyslipidemia. Our findings underscore the potential value of the candidate VOCs for future risk categorization.
PERAN MAHASISWA DALAM PENINGKATAN LITERASI DAN NUMERASI DI SD ISLAM ASY-SARKOWI
Authors: Ardiansyah Aditya , Tuti Retnowati WD
Published: March 2023

Kampus mengajar memberikan kesempatan mahasiswa untuk mengasah jiwa kepemimpinan dan karakter serta memiliki pengalaman belajar di luar perkuliahan. Program kampus mengajar diharapkan dapat meningkatkan mutu pendidikan di Indonesia. Melalui program kampus mengajar, mahasiswa yang terlibat memiliki tanggung jawab dalam membantu pihak sekolah pada proses Mengajar, membantu Adaptasi Teknologi, dan membantu Administrasi Sekolah. Selain itu, mahasiswa memiliki tanggung jawab dalam meningkatkan literasi dan numerasi terutama saat pandemi, dimana pendidikan di Indonesia bisa terbilang mundur dan harus dikejar untuk memajukannya kembali. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan berupa pendekatan kualitatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah SD Islam Asy-Sarkowi yang berjumlah 55 siswa. Objek penelitian adalah implementasi kampus mengajar di SD Islam Asy-Sarkowi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi pelaksanaan program kampus mengajar di SD Islam Asy-Sarkowi meliputi: Pertama, mengajar yang terdiri pembelajaran daring dan luring. Kedua, adaptasi teknologi dengan memberikan pelatihan kepada guru mengenai bagaimana memaksimalkan pembelajaran yang berbasis teknologi, seperti pembuatan power point, video pembelajaran, metode ujian, metode pengumpulan tugas, dan metode penilaian. Ketiga, administrasi juga dilakukan mahasiswa untuk membantu guru dalam penyusunan perangkat pembelajaran sebagai kelengkapan administrasi dan pembuatan pojok literasi yang berfungsi menghidupkan kembali perpustakaan yang dapat membantu untuk memaksimalkan kemampuan literasi dan numerasi. Kata kunci: kampus mengajar; implementasi; sekolah dasar
PERAN VISUALISASI DATA UNTUK MENUNJANG ANALISA DATA KEPENDUDUKAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Ghivary Revindra Al , Mawar Mawar , Wulandari Nadia , Srikandi Novinda , M. F Ainaya Nazilatul
Published: March 2023

Visualisasi data pada era ini sudah sangat banyak sekali output atau hasil nya tetapi kita juga harus tahu proses apa saja yang sudah di lewati untuk bisa menghasilkan visualisasi yang baik dan bisa menjelaskan data tersebut dengan tepat.  Metode dalam penelitian yang di pakai yakni metode penelitian deskrifitf dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan studi kepustakaan atau literatur review. visualisasi data akan sangat menunjang sebuah analisa data kependudukan yang mana kedua hal tersebut saling bergantung satu sama lain, karena sebuah analisa data akan lebih mudah jika di visualisasikan dalam bentuk grafik atau tabel dari data yang sudah di analisa .sehingga analisa yang sudah di lakukan dapat di baca dan di pahami oleh orang lain walaupun  bukan seorang analis data tersebut. Kata kunci: visualisasi data; analisa data; kependudukan
COVID-19 pandemisi ve COVID-19 aşısının menstrüel siklusa etkisi
Authors: Yıldırım Fatma , Yücesoy Hüsne , Büyükkayacı Duman Nuriye
Published: March 2023

Effect of COVID-19 pandemic and COVID-19 vaccine on menstrual cycle Menstrual cycle irregularities include changes in menstrual cycle frequency, regularity, duration or intensity, as well as breakthrough bleeding. The global prevalence of irregular menstrual cycle ranges from 5% to 34% during reproductive years, and related problems constitute one of the most common reasons for referral to a gynecologist. It has been stated that during the Covid-19 pandemic and after the covid-19 vaccines, menstrual irregularities increased and the number of pads decreased in women. If these changes are related to the vaccine, it is thought that it may be a result of the immune response to the vaccine rather than a specific vaccine component. While reported changes in menstrual cycle after vaccination are short-lived, robust research on this potential adverse reaction remains critical to the overall success of the vaccination program. While Covid-19 affects social life, women cause hormonal imbalances, especially during the sexually active period. As a result, menstrual cycle irregularities may result in a decrease in the number of pads used and result in a decrease in the number of population that will threaten future generations. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of mRNA vaccine and adenovirus vectored vaccines developed as Covid-19 pandemic and Covid-19 vaccine between December 2019–2022, the beginning of the pandemic process, on hormonal disorders and menstrual cycle irregularities. Resources were accessed from the literatures PUBmed, Web of Science, Google Academic using the keywords “Covid-19 pandemic, Covid-19 vaccine, menstruation, menstrual cycle irregularity” and 14400 references were identified. The number of retrospective studies and case reports were excluded, and the number decreased to 30, and 20 of the appropriate scientific publications were included in the study by scanning the rest. Keywords: Covid-19 pandemic, Covid-19 vaccine, menstruation, menstrüel cycle irregularity
Kompost, Bakteri ve Mikoriza Uygulamalarının Yenilebilir Lale Petallerinin Fitokimyasal İçeriklerine Etkisi
Authors: Alkaç Onur Sefa , Tuncel Muhammed Esad , Dinçer Emircan , Donat Alperen
Published: March 2023

Bu çalışmada, farklı oranlarda (%0-%20 ve %40) kompost içeren ortamlara bakteri ve mikoriza uygulamalarının etkileri araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada lale soğanları, 0,3 absorbans (Abs) değerine sahip bakteri süspansiyonlarına 30 dakika ve 5000 ppm mikoriza süspansiyonuna 10 saniye daldırıldıktan sonra 20 cm derinliğinde × 40 cm genişliğinde × 60 cm uzunluğundaki plastik kasalara dikilmiştir. Yetiştiricilik sonunda hasat edilen lale petallerindeki toplam fenol (µg GAE/g fw), TEAC (µmol TE/g fw) ve toplam flavonoid (mg KE/L fw) içerikleri incelenmiştir.  Çalışma sonunda, sadece kompost uygulamaları kıyaslandığında, %40 oranında kompost uygulanan ortamlardan alınan lale petallerinde en yüksek TP (28682,63 µg GAE/g fw) ve Total Flavonoid (1011,96 mg KE/L fw) ölçülürken, kompost içermeyen ortamlarda (%0) ise en yüksek TEAC (9.46 µmol TE/g fw) değeri ölçülmüştür. Bakteri ve mikoriza uygulamalarında ise, mikroorganizma uygulaması yapılmayan ortamlar, uygulama yapılan ortamlara kıyasla daha iyi sonuçlar vermiştir. Farklı kompost oranları ile bakteri uygulamalarının kombinesi sonucunda, en yüksek TP (28833,42 µg GAE/g fw) ve Total Flavonoid (1014,07 mg KE/L fw) içerikleri %40 kompost uygulaması ve bakteri uygulaması yapılan ortamlardan alınan petallerde ölçülürken, en yüksek TEAC (9,80 µmol TE/g fw) %40 oranında kompost içeren ve bakteri bulunmayan ortamlardan alınan petallerde ölçülmüştür. Farklı kompost oranları ile mikoriza uygulamalarının etkileri kıyaslandığında, %40 kompost oranı ve mikoriza uygulamasının bulunmadığı ortamlarda en yüksek TP (29944,53 µg GAE/g fw), TEAC (10,13 µmol TE/g fw) ve Total Flavonoid (1083,52 mg KE/L fw) değerleri saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, kompost oranları arttıkça değerlerde artışların gerçekleştiği, mikroorganizmaların ise fitokimyasal içeriklerinde etkili olmadığı sonucuna varılmıştır.
PATHOMORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE THYROID GLAND IN TOXIC DIFFUSE GOITER
Authors:   Department of Human Anatomy named after Ya.A. Rakhimov, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Tajikistan, KURBONOV S. , GULOV M.K. ,   Department of General Surgery № 1, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Tajikistan, DAVLATOV I.A. ,   Department of Human Anatomy named after Ya.A. Rakhimov, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Tajikistan, TAGAYKULOV E.H. ,   Central Scientific Research Laboratory, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Tajikistan
Published: March 2023

Objective: To study the main pathomorphological and morphometric structural rearrangements of thyroid tissue (TT) formations in toxic diffuse goiter (TDG). Methods: By the methods of anatomical preparation and histological sections, macro and microscopic structural features of the thyroid gland were studied in 22 patients with TDG; both sexes aged 36 to 60 years, operated in the Department of General Surgery, State Clinical Hospital № 5, named by Academician K.T. Tadjiev Results: An analysis of the degree of progression of pathomorphological changes in the tissue and the follicular structure of the thyroid gland revealed a dependence on the duration and severity of the disease. The results of a quantitative study showed that the average diameter of the follicles, as compared with the norm (70.8±1.19 μm), became larger (80.8±1.26 μm). The height of the follicular epithelium for this pathology was 15.16±0.22 μm, with a norm of 10.06±0.09 μm (p<0.01). This led to a change in the Brown index, i.e. the more this index was, the lower the functional activity of the organ. Conclusion: The characteristic morphological signs of thyroid disease in TDG are lymphoplasmacytic infiltration of the stroma of the gland, activation of folliculogenesis and hyperplasia of the thyroid epithelium, which can lead to the development of functional thyroid disorders. Keywords: Thyroid gland, toxic diffuse goiter, pathomorphology.
IMPROVEMENT OF TREATMENT TACTICS OF SEVERE COMBINED CRANIOCEREBRAL INJURY IN TERMS OF CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF FAT EMBOLISM SYNDROME
Authors:   Department of Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Military Field Surgery, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Tajikistan, RAZZOKOV A.A. , NAZAROV M.K. ,   Tursunzade Central Regional Hospital, Tursunzade, Tajikistan
Published: March 2023

Objective: The reduction the lethality in the acute period of severe combined craniocerebral injury (SCCI) by improving the treatment tactics, in terms of the clinical manifestations of fat embolism syndrome (FES). Methods: The results of treatment of 393 patients with SCCI at the age of 14 to 68 years are analyzed. Patients were divided into three groups: I group (traditional treatment) – 144 (36.7%); group II (optimized tactics) – 194 (49.3%); group III – children and adolescents aged 14-18 years – 55 (14.0%). In turn, patients of the II group are divided into the following subgroups: IIA (FES) – 33 (8.4%); IIB (SCCI) – 99 (25.6%); IIC (FES + SCCI) – 62 (15.7%). Results: The implementation of optimized treatment tactics in combination with the identification and pathogenetic treatment of FES contributed to a reduction in deaths compared to traditional approaches. Overall mortality was 31.0%; 40.3% in group I; 12.2% in group IIA; 23.2% in group IIB; 40.3% in group IIB, and group IIIB – 21.8%. In a differentiated analysis, postoperative lethality as a whole was 26.5%; in group I – 34.1%; in group IIA – 5.3%; in group IIB – 20.8%; in group IIB – 33.9%, and in III group – 14.3%. Mortality after conservative treatment was 55.7%; in group I – 83.3%; in group IIA – 21.4%; in group IIB – 100.0%; in group IIB – 100.0%, and in group III – 35.0%. Conclusion: The suggested approaches in the treatment of SCCI by improving tactics, properly the clinical manifestations of FES refer to effective ways to reduce the lethality in the acute period of traumatic illness. Keywords: Severe combined craniocerebral injury, fat globulemia, fat embolism syndrome, optimized treatment tactics, lethality.
SURGICAL TREATMENT OF POST-BURN SCARS OF NECK AND CHEST
Authors:   Department of Reconstructive Surgery, Republican Scientific Center for Cardiovascular Surgery, Dushanbe, Tajikistan, SHAYMONOV A.H. , KHODZHAMURADOV G.M. ,   Department of Reconstructive Surgery, Republican Scientific Center for Cardiovascular Surgery, Dushanbe, Tajikistan, ISMOILOV M.M. ,   Department of Reconstructive Surgery, Republican Scientific Center for Cardiovascular Surgery, Dushanbe, Tajikistan, SAIDOV M.S. ,   Department of Reconstructive Surgery, Republican Scientific Center for Cardiovascular Surgery, Dushanbe, Tajikistan
Published: March 2023

Objective: To study the frequency of application of various types of skin flaps in patients with consequences of extensive burns of the neck and chest area. Methods: The experience of surgical treatment of the consequences of burns in the neck and chest area was studied in 17 patients with extensive lesions. All patients underwent excision of scar-modified tissue, with the subsequent covering of the formed defect with free or non-free flaps from other anatomical zones. Surgical treatment was performed only with hypertrophic scars; the presence of keloid scars was the criterion for excluding the patient from the study group. Results: The use of non-free flaps yielded the best results due to aesthetic acceptability and coverage of large defects in the covering tissues of the neck and chest region. Full-thickness dermal grafts taken from the inguinal region, as well as from various areas of the upper limb, showed themselves to be more aesthetically justified, but their use allowed them to cover only defects of small and medium size. Despite the fact that the use of different types of non-free flaps allowed to cover defects of large sizes, the aesthetic result of their application in seven patients (41.2%) was relatively satisfactory, in view of the extensive lesions and residual consequences. Conclusion: With defects in the neck of small and medium sizes, the use of free and non-free flaps is justified and has an optimal aesthetic result. Further research should be aimed at finding new varieties of flaps with minimal donor damage or other means of cover in cases of extensive post-burn defects in other anatomical areas involving potential donor zones Keywords: Full-thickness flaps, vascularized flaps on the leg, post-burn scars of the neck and chest.
SURGICAL TREATMENT OF PULMONARY AND EXTRAPULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS
Authors:   Department of Phthisiopulmonology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan, SANGINOV A.B. , SHARIPOV F.R. ,   National Center for Tuberculosis, Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery, Vahdat, Republic of Tajikistan, ROZIKOV SH.I. ,   National Center for Tuberculosis, Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery, Vahdat, Republic of Tajikistan, KHASANOV A.D. ,   National Center for Tuberculosis, Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery, Vahdat, Republic of Tajikistan, SAIDOV KH.V. ,   National Center for Tuberculosis, Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery, Vahdat, Republic of Tajikistan
Published: March 2023

Objective: To study of the frequency of surgical treatment of patients with pulmonary cysts, abdominal, pulmonary and bones tuberculosis. Methods: Analyzed results of surgical treatment of 1506 patients for 2013-2018, which are distributed on the following groups: bone tuberculosis (BT) – 713 (47.3%), pulmonary cysts (PC) – 380 (25.2%), pulmonary tuberculosis (PT) – 310 (20.6%) and lymphoabdominal tuberculosis (LAT) – 103 (6.8%) patients. Results: Analysis of the structure of surgery interventions shows that in recent years (2016-2017) have been marked by a rise in the frequency of BT compared to 2013-2015. Among all surgical forms of tuberculosis prevailed BT, namely, spinal tuberculosis (66%). In this case, the lesion of the lumbar and thoracic spine was observed in 65.9% and 32.3% of cases, respectively. Among pulmonary tuberculosis prevailed fibro-cavernous (58%) and cavernous (24.2%) tuberculosis. Operations in the non-tuberculous pathology of the pulmonary were performed in 25.2% of cases. When LAT, surgical interventions were more often performed for tuberculosis of the lymphatic system (68.0%) and abdominal cavity (26.2%). Conclusion: Among the surgical forms of tuberculosis, bone tuberculosis predominated, namely, spinal tuberculosis. Analysis of the structure of the performed operations depending on the sex of the patients shows that the most common forms of patients with surgical forms of tuberculosis are male patients. Keywords: Pulmonary tuberculosis, pulmonary cyst, lymphoabdominal tuberculosis, spinal tuberculosis.
Chain of Responsibility in Land Transportation Associated with Overloading Activities
Authors: Setiono Dea Safira , Sabrie Hilda Yunita
Published: March 2023

Heavy vehicles are one of the modes of land transportation in Indonesia in the activity of transporting goods. A large number of transport companies creates business competition related to the supply of freight costs. To get more profit, transportation companies practice over dimension and overloading. Overloading which is more prevalent in transportation, causes losses for various groups. One of the losses can impact workers in a transportation company where the liability for the crew of the vehicle is not regulated in detail. The existence of the principle of Chain of Responsibility in regulations regarding the transportation of heavy vehicles aims to expand the responsibility for losses incurred, such as overloading practices. This principle ensures that all subjects in the logistics chain have the duty to ensure compliance with regulations, including truck owners, transportation operators, goods senders, and goods recipients.  This study discusses the responsibility of the parties in the delivery of goods related to overloading and recognizes the concept of Chain of Responsibility in transportation by land in overloading practices. The research method used is empirical juridical with a conceptual approach and a statute approach. For these problems, this study aims to analyze the accountability of the parties in overloading activities and to recognize the concept of Chain of Responsibility in land transportation in overloading practices.
ANALISIS IMPLEMENTASI ALTMAN Z-SCORE PADA SEKTOR TRANSPORTASI DAN LOGISTIK SELAMA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 TAHUN 2018-2019
Authors: Felicia Felicia , Juliana Christina
Published: March 2023

The transportation and logistics sector in Indonesia during the pandemic was a sector that was negatively affected. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the implementation of the Altman Z-Score method during the Covid-19 pandemic in the transportation and logistics sector. The sample in this study was taken by purposive sampling method, where the selected sample was 18 companies. The data were analyzed by quantitative descriptive analysis with the data sources in the research in the form of literature studies and documentation. The results of this study can be seen that as many as 9 companies in 2018 were in a state of bankruptcy, in 2019 as many as 8 companies were in a state of bankruptcy and in 2020 as many as 10 companies were in a state of bankruptcy based on the criteria of the Altman Z-Score. However, companies that are in a bankrupt position can survive because of the strategy the company does every year.
Personalization as a Teaching and Learning Device to Enhance Communication Competence and Personalization in the Elementary English Curriculum and Textbook
Authors:   The Korea Association Of Primary English Education, Woo Mihye , Ko Kyounghee
Published: March 2023

Acknowledging the value of personalization as an effective teaching and learning device to enhance competence in communication, this study aims to examine the 2015 Revised Primary English Curriculum and textbooks to investigate the contents and activities related to personalization. The study examined the curriculum related to speaking and writing for the contents that can be linked to personalization. It also examined three most popular textbook series of grades 3 through 6 to analyze the frequency, language function areas, the periods of a unit, and the types of personalization activities. The results of the study shows that personalization-related contents appear throughout the curriculum. However, more comprehensively and systematically written curriculum is desired in order to provide elementary learners a more personalization-rich learning environment. In terms of the frequencies, language function areas, and the periods of a unit of personalization activities, there was also room for improvement. Suggestions for writing a more comprehensive and systematic curriculum are provided and recommendations are made toward providing a learning environment that is more enriched in personalization activities, more balanced in speaking and writing, and more varied in the periods of units that personalization activities are utilized.
Concepção dos enfermeiros de terapia intensiva sobre detecção e tratamento da sepse
Authors: Santana Maisa Matos , Souza Ana Claudia Fonseca de , Picanço Carina Marinho , Silva Douglas de Souza e , Peixoto Ênnya Maria Figueredo , Santos Alaíde Aurora dos , Meira Gizelia da Gama , Peixoto Paula Silva , Nascimento Jeferson Silva do
Published: March 2023

Objetivo: Avaliar a concepção dos enfermeiros de terapia intensiva sobre sepse. Métodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva exploratória, transversal, com abordagem qualitativa, desenvolvida em um hospital público terciário de alta complexidade, situado na cidade de Salvador - BA. Após aprovação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa, foram incluídos no estudo 20 enfermeiros que atuam nas unidades de terapia intensiva cirúrgica e geral 01 do hospital supracitado. Os dados foram coletados através de uma entrevista de caráter formal e voluntário por meio da aplicação de um questionário semiestruturado composto por questões gerais (dados sociodemográfico) e questões disparadoras sobre a temática abordada, entre os meses de julho a outubro de 2022. Resultados: 80% dos participantes eram do sexo feminino, e diante das respostas coletadas, surgiram três categorias: conhecimento dos enfermeiros sobre sepse; entendimento dos enfermeiros sobre as manifestações clínicas da sepse; conduta dos enfermeiros diante da sepse. Conclusão: Os resultados mostraram que os enfermeiros detêm de uma concepção limitada a respeito do que é sepse, havendo lacunas sobre sua atuação na detecção, cuidado e tratamento, portanto, faz-se necessário que estes profissionais procurem aprimorar o conhecimento referente à temática, com intuito de melhorar a prática assistencial.
Fatores associados a assistência pré-natal adequada em Pernambuco
Authors: Pereira Juliana de Castro Nunes , Silva Suzana Lins da , Lira Pedro Israel Cabral de , Batista Filho Malaquias , Azevedo Pedro Tadeu Álvares Costa Caminha de , Martins Ana Carolina Pereira de Crasto Britto , Cavalcanti Neto Célio Alves , Figueira Maria Cristina dos Santos , Lins Eliane Mendes Germano , Caminha Maria de Fátima Costa
Published: March 2023

Objetivo: Analisar os fatores associados a assistência do pré-natal adequado no estado de Pernambuco. Métodos: Estudo de base populacional, observacional, de corte seccional, com objetivos descritivos e analíticos. Foram utilizados dados secundários extraído do banco de dados da IV Pesquisa Estadual de Saúde e Nutrição. Compreenderam os fatores associados as variáveis sociodemográficas, ambientais, obstétricas e biológicas. Após critérios de elegibilidade, a amostra de mães foi estimada em 880 mulheres. Resultados: Foram prevalentes as mulheres na faixa etária de 25 a 35 anos, com ensino médio completo, que não trabalhavam e com renda per capita menor que meio salário mínimo. As variáveis idade da primeira gravidez e distância à unidade de saúde mantiveram associação com adequação da assistência pré-natal. Conclusão: Conclui-se que os fatores associados a variável desfecho foram apenas idade da primeira gravidez e distância à unidade de saúde, e que os demais fatores sociodemográficos, obstétricos e biológicos, refletem a desigualdade social mostrando que os grupos socialmente mais vulneráveis recebem assistência pré-natal deficiente.