bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A generalization of the simulation theorem for semidirect products
Authors: BARBIERI SEBASTIÁN , SABLIK MATHIEU
Published: April 2018

We generalize a result of Hochman in two simultaneous directions: instead of realizing an arbitrary effectively closed $\mathbb{Z}^{d}$ action as a factor of a subaction of a $\mathbb{Z}^{d+2}$-SFT we realize an action of a finitely generated group analogously in any semidirect product of the group with $\mathbb{Z}^{2}$. Let $H$ be a finitely generated group and $G=\mathbb{Z}^{2}\rtimes _{\unicode[STIX]{x1D711}}H$ a semidirect product. We show that for any effectively closed $H$-dynamical system $(Y,T)$ where $Y\subset \{0,1\}^{\mathbb{N}}$, there exists a $G$-subshift of finite type $(X,\unicode[STIX]{x1D70E})$ such that the $H$-subaction of $(X,\unicode[STIX]{x1D70E})$ is an extension of $(Y,T)$. In the case where $T$ is an expansive action, a subshift conjugated to $(Y,T)$ can be obtained as the $H$-projective subdynamics of a sofic $G$-subshift. As a corollary, we obtain that $G$ admits a non-empty strongly aperiodic subshift of finite type whenever the word problem of $H$ is decidable.
EMBODIED SIGNS: READING GESTURE AND POSTURE IN CLASSIC MAYA DANCE
Authors: Wright Mark , Lemos Justine
Published: April 2018

In this article, we couple Peircean semiotic theory with Laban movement analysis (LMA) to interpret scenes of Classic period Maya dance. We focus primarily on depictions found on polychrome ceramics that feature the dances of the Maize God and contrast them with those featuring thewahycreatures that inhabit the underworld. We interpret their inner emotional states based on their postural and gestural vocabularies using LMA, developed for that very purpose. The body can be considered a semiotic sign, and is therefore capable of simultaneously conveying iconic, symbolic, and indexical meanings. Maya dance has typically been interpreted at the iconic or symbolic levels, which reveal its mimetic or representational qualities. We explore the indexical qualities of the bodies of the dancers, and propose that shifting our attention to the indicative mode enables us to gain yet more insight into their embodied states.
14C in Urban Secondary Carbonate Deposits: a New Tool for Environmental Study
Authors: Pons-Branchu E , Bergonzini L , Tisnérat-Laborde N , Branchu P , Dumont E , Massault M , Bultez G , Malnar D , Kaltnecker E , Dumoulin JP , Noret A , Pelletier N , Roy-Barman M
Published: April 2018

Secondary carbonate deposits (similar to speleothems) in urban undergrounds, have been recently highlighted as powerful archives for reconstruction of the historical anthropogenic imprint on the environment. The precise chronology of these secondary carbonate deposits is a key issue for the accurate time reconstruction of environmental conditions. We present three 14C data sets for urban speleothem-like deposits that developed in contrasted man made environments. The first one was sampled in an underground technical gallery of the Palace of Versailles (France), and the other two in a manhole (Saint-Martin spring) of a historical underground aqueduct in Paris (France). The comparison of these records with the bomb peak and relative chronology (laminae counting) allowed us to identify: i) fast carbon transfer from the atmosphere to the urban underground; ii) a high proportion of dead carbon and a high damping effect in relation to possible old carbon stored within urban soils and/or the influence of local fossil carbon burning. This study also shows that the lamination of these deposits is bi-annual in these highly urbanized sites.
God from God: the essential dependence model of eternal generation
Authors: MAKIN MARK
Published: April 2018

According to the doctrine of eternal generation, the Son is eternally begotten of the Father. Although the doctrine is enshrined in the Creed of Nicaea and has been affirmed by Christians for nearly 1,700 years, many Protestants have recently rejected the doctrine. Eternal generation, its detractors contend, is both philosophically and theologically suspect. In this article, I propose a model of eternal generation and demonstrate how it avoids standard philosophical and theological objections. Eternal generation, I argue, can be understood as a form of essential dependence. To say that the Son is begotten of the Father is just to say that the Son essentially depends on the Father. The essence of the Son involves the Father, but not vice versa.
Socio-economic and lifestyle determinants of giving practical support to adult children in the era of changing late life
Authors: SIREN ANU , CASIER FREYA
Published: April 2018

While research evidence indicates that older adults provide substantial amounts of financial, emotional and practical support to their adult children, little is known about the lifestyle-related drivers of providing such support or how these may be associated with changing late life in late modernity. Emerging popular discourses increasingly portray older adults as a group adopting new lifestyles, pursuing their own interests and rejecting normative family obligations. Using data from the Danish Longitudinal Study of Ageing, we examine first, cohort, age and period trends in the provision of informal support in 1997–2012 in Denmark; and second, the socio-economic and lifestyle factors associated with the likelihood of providing help to adult children. We find notably that, overall, older adults’ provision of informal support to their adult children has increased over time and that active lifestyles do not decrease the provision of support to adult children. However, in later mid-life (52–62 years), having full-time employment and high work-related stress decreases the likelihood of providing help. The results indicate that while older adults play an important role in providing support, external stressors such as work–life imbalance in later life may interfere with their engagement in intergenerational relationships.
The need for flexibility when negotiating professional boundaries in the context of home care, dementia and end of life
Authors: ABRAMS RUTH , VANDREVALA TUSHNA , SAMSI KRITIKA , MANTHORPE JILL
Published: April 2018

Professional boundaries may help care staff to clarify their role, manage risk and safeguard vulnerable clients. Yet there is a scarcity of evidence on how professional boundaries are negotiated in a non-clinical environment (e.g. the home) by the home-care workforce in the context of complex care needs (e.g. dementia, end-of-life care). Through analysis of semi-structured interviews, we investigated the experiences of home-care workers (N = 30) and their managers (N = 13) working for a range of home-care services in the South-East and London regions of England in 2016–17. Findings from this study indicate that home-care workers and their managers have clear perceptions of job role boundaries, yet these are modified in dementia care, particularly at end of life which routinely requires adaptability and flexibility. As a lone worker in a client's home, there may be challenges relating to safeguarding and risk to both clients and workers. The working environment exacerbates this, particularly during end-of-life care where emotional attachments to both clients and their family may affect the maintenance of professional boundaries. There is a need to adopt context-specific, flexible and inclusive attitudes to professional boundaries, which reconceptualise these to include relational care and atypical workplace conventions. Pre-set boundaries which safeguard clients and workers through psychological contracts may help to alleviate to some extent the pressure of the emotional labour undertaken by home-care workers.
NATURALEZA Y EFECTOS DE LA POLÍTICA DE PATENTES EN EL RÉGIMEN DE INDUSTRIALIZACIÓN POR SUSTITUCIÓN DE IMPORTACIONES EN MÉXICO ENTRE 1940-1970
Authors: Campa Navarro Juan Ignacio
Published: April 2018

In Mexico during the protectionist economic regime a process of industrial modernization was carried out which led to the incorporation of different types of technologies into the structures and processes of production or consumption. The patent policy was implemented with the interest of encouraging the attraction of novel technologies, but their contribution was quite limited due to the nature, design and operation, with which it was conformed. Therefore, the patent policy did not drive patenting activity in a high and sustained manner. It was ineffective to contribute to the development of technologies generated by local actors, and marginally propitiated the productive exploitation of patents.
DECISION-COMPONENTS OF NICE'S TECHNOLOGY APPRAISALS ASSESSMENT FRAMEWORK
Authors: de Folter Joost , Trusheim Mark , Jonsson Pall , Garner Sarah
Published: April 2018

Objectives: Value assessment frameworks have gained prominence recently in the context of U.S. healthcare. Such frameworks set out a series of factors that are considered in funding decisions. The UK's National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE) is an established health technology assessment (HTA) agency. We present a novel application of text analysis that characterizes NICE's Technology Appraisals in the context of the newer assessment frameworks and present the results in a visual way.

Methods: A total of 243 documents of NICE's medicines guidance from 2007 to 2016 were analyzed. Text analysis was used to identify a hierarchical set of decision factors considered in the assessments. The frequency of decision factors stated in the documents was determined and their association with terms related to uncertainty. The results were incorporated into visual representations of hierarchical factors.

Results: We identified 125 decision factors, and hierarchically grouped these into eight domains: Clinical Effectiveness, Cost Effectiveness, Condition, Current Practice, Clinical Need, New Treatment, Studies, and Other Factors. Textual analysis showed all domains appeared consistently in the guidance documents. Many factors were commonly associated with terms relating to uncertainty. A series of visual representations was created.

Conclusions: This study reveals the complexity and consistency of NICE's decision-making processes and demonstrates that cost effectiveness is not the only decision-criteria. The study highlights the importance of processes and methodology that can take both quantitative and qualitative information into account. Visualizations can help effectively communicate this complex information during the decision-making process and subsequently to stakeholders.
Lifespan of solutions to wave equations in de Sitter spacetime
Authors: Yan Weiping
Published: April 2018

We consider the finite-time blow-up of solutions for the following two kinds of nonlinear wave equation in de Sitter spacetime:

This proof is based on a new blow-up criterion, which generalizes that by Sideris. Furthermore, we give the lifespan estimate of solutions for the problems.
Bayesian evidence and epidemiological implications of environmental contamination from acute respiratory infection in long-term care facilities
Authors: Diaz-Decaro J.D. , Launer B. , Mckinnell J.A. , Singh R. , Dutciuc T.D. , Green N.M. , Bolaris M. , Huang S.S. , Miller L.G.
Published: April 2018

Skilled nursing home facilities (SNFs) house a vulnerable population frequently exposed to respiratory pathogens. Our study aims to gain a better understanding of the transmission of nursing home-acquired viral respiratory infections in non-epidemic settings. Symptomatic surveillance was performed in three SNFs for residents exhibiting acute respiratory symptoms. Environmental surveillance of five high-touch areas was performed to assess possible transmission. All resident and environmental samples were screened using a commercial multiplex polymerase chain reaction platform. Bayesian methods were used to evaluate environmental contamination. Among nursing home residents with respiratory symptoms, 19% had a detectable viral pathogen (parainfluenza-3, rhinovirus/enterovirus, RSV, or influenza B). Environmental contamination was found in 20% of total room surface swabs of symptomatic residents. Environmental and resident results were all concordant. Target period prevalence among symptomatic residents ranged from 5.5 to 13.3% depending on target. Bayesian analysis quantifies the probability of environmental shedding due to parainfluenza-3 as 92.4% (95% CI: 86.8–95.8%) and due to rhinovirus/enterovirus as 65.6% (95% CI: 57.9–72.5%). Our findings confirm that non-epidemic viral infections are common among SNF residents exhibiting acute respiratory symptoms and that environmental contamination may facilitate further spread with considerable epidemiological implications. Findings further emphasise the importance of environmental infection control for viral respiratory pathogens in long-term care facilities.
Brain structural covariance network centrality in maltreated youth with PTSD and in maltreated youth resilient to PTSD
Authors: Sun Delin , Haswell Courtney C. , Morey Rajendra A. , De Bellis Michael D.
Published: April 2018

Child maltreatment is a major cause of pediatric posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Previous studies have not investigated potential differences in network architecture in maltreated youth with PTSD and those resilient to PTSD. High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging brain scans at 3 T were completed in maltreated youth with PTSD (n= 31), without PTSD (n= 32), and nonmaltreated controls (n= 57). Structural covariance network architecture was derived from between-subject intraregional correlations in measures of cortical thickness in 148 cortical regions (nodes). Interregional positive partial correlations controlling for demographic variables were assessed, and those correlations that exceeded specified thresholds constituted connections in cortical brain networks. Four measures of network centrality characterized topology, and the importance of cortical regions (nodes) within the network architecture were calculated for each group. Permutation testing and principle component analysis method were employed to calculate between-group differences. Principle component analysis is a methodological improvement to methods used in previous brain structural covariance network studies. Differences in centrality were observed between groups. Larger centrality was found in maltreated youth with PTSD in the right posterior cingulate cortex; smaller centrality was detected in the right inferior frontal cortex compared to youth resilient to PTSD and controls, demonstrating network characteristics unique to pediatric maltreatment-related PTSD. Larger centrality was detected in right frontal pole in maltreated youth resilient to PTSD compared to youth with PTSD and controls, demonstrating structural covariance network differences in youth resilience to PTSD following maltreatment. Smaller centrality was found in the left posterior cingulate cortex and in the right inferior frontal cortex in maltreated youth compared to controls, demonstrating attributes of structural covariance network topology that is unique to experiencing maltreatment. This work is the first to identify cortical thickness-based structural covariance network differences between maltreated youth with and without PTSD. We demonstrated network differences in both networks unique to maltreated youth with PTSD and those resilient to PTSD. The networks identified are important for the successful attainment of age-appropriate social cognition, attention, emotional processing, and inhibitory control. Our findings in maltreated youth with PTSD versus those without PTSD suggest vulnerability mechanisms for developing PTSD.
Population status of four endemic land bird species after an unsuccessful rodent eradication on Henderson Island
Authors: BOND ALEXANDER L. , BROOKE M. DE L. , CUTHBERT RICHARD J. , LAVERS JENNIFER L. , MCCLELLAND GREGORY T.W. , CHURCHYARD THOMAS , DONALDSON ANGUS , DUFFIELD NEIL , FORREST ALICE , HARRISON GAVIN , MACKINNON LORNA , PROUD TARA , SKINNER ANDREW , TORR NICK , VICKERY JULIET A. , OPPEL STEFFEN
Published: April 2018

Invasive rodents detrimentally affect native bird species on many islands worldwide, and rodent eradication is a useful tool to safeguard endemic and threatened species. However, especially on tropical islands, rodent eradications can fail for various reasons, and it is unclear whether the temporary reduction of a rodent population during an unsuccessful eradication operation has beneficial effects on native birds. Here we examine the response of four endemic land bird species on subtropical Henderson Island in the Pitcairn Island Group, South Pacific Ocean, following an unsuccessful rodent eradication in 2011. We conducted point counts at 25 sampling locations in 14 survey periods between 2011 and 2015, and modelled the abundance trends of all species using binomial mixture models accounting for observer and environmental variation in detection probability. Henderson Reed Warbler Acrocephalus taiti more than doubled in abundance (2015 population estimate: 7,194-28,776), and Henderson Fruit Dove Ptilinopus insularis increased slightly between 2011 and 2015 (2015 population estimate: 4,476–10,072), while we detected no change in abundance of the Henderson Lorikeet Vini stepheni (2015 population estimate: 554–3014). Henderson Crake Zapornia atra increased to pre-eradication levels following anticipated mortality during the operation (2015 population estimate: 4,960–20,783). A temporary reduction of rat predation pressure and rat competition for fruit may have benefitted the reed warbler and the fruit dove, respectively. However, a long drought may have naturally suppressed bird populations prior to the rat eradication operation in 2011, potentially confounding the effects of temporary rat reduction and natural recovery. We therefore cannot unequivocally ascribe the population recovery to the temporary reduction of the rat population. We encourage robust monitoring of island biodiversity both before and after any management operation to better understand responses of endemic species to failed or successful operations.
Introduction: maximising revenues, minimising political costs – challenges in the history of public finance of the early modern period
Authors: 't Hart Marjolein , Brandon Pepijn , Sánchez Rafael Torres
Published: April 2018

Taxation is accepted as a fact of modern life, despite recurring political conflict over the nature and direction of fiscal policies. Most financiers regard obligations issued by the state as a safe investment option. Neither taxation nor state obligations were taken for granted during much of the history of public finance, however, at least not before the early 1800s. The ‘tax state’ developed in fits and starts, driven by the exigencies of warfare, which provided the main rationale for raising state income. Although wartime fiscal innovations eventually facilitated the rise of an efficient military state, the options available for implementing such improvements and preferences for specific fiscal or financial instruments varied greatly across early modern states. Focusing on the ‘long’ eighteenth century, this introduction presents a framework for assessing these differences and introduces the other articles in this special issue.
Second language ultimate attainment: Effects of maturation, exercise, and social/psychological factors
Authors: HYLTENSTAM KENNETH
Published: April 2018

Mayberry and Kluender (2017) offer a rich review of empirical research that contributes to the understanding of age-related effects on first and second language acquisition. Their keynote article compiles current, primarily linguistic and neurolinguistic, research on the notion of a critical period for language (CPL). The authors conclude “that the putative CPL applies to L1 learning, and that L2 effects are a consequence of this prior learning” (Mayberry & Kluender, 2017: p. 6). As they propose a clear role for CPL in L1 learning, and because their exact position on its role in L2 learning is, to my mind, not as clearly articulated, I will take the opportunity to argue the following: If a CPL exists at all, it should have identifiable implications for all kinds of language acquisition (cf. Gleitman & Newport, 1995). In the case of L2 acquisition what needs to be identified is how maturational constraints (implicated by a CPL) interact with other conditions that are at hand when the second language comes onto the scene.
A concurrent constraint programming interpretation of access permissions
Authors: OLARTE CARLOS , PIMENTEL ELAINE , RUEDA CAMILO
Published: April 2018

A recent trend in object-oriented programming languages is the use of access permissions (APs) as an abstraction for controlling concurrent executions of programs. The use of AP source code annotations defines a protocol specifying how object references can access the mutable state of objects. Although the use of APs simplifies the task of writing concurrent code, an unsystematic use of them can lead to subtle problems. This paper presents a declarative interpretation of APs as linear concurrent constraint programs (lcc). We represent APs as constraints (i.e., formulas in logic) in an underlying constraint system whose entailment relation models the transformation rules of APs. Moreover, we use processes inlccto model the dependencies imposed by APs, thus allowing the faithful representation of their flow in the program. We verify relevant properties about AP programs by taking advantage of the interpretation oflccprocesses as formulas in Girard's intuitionistic linear logic (ILL). Properties include deadlock detection, program correctness (whether programs adhere to their AP specifications or not), and the ability of methods to run concurrently. By relying on a focusing discipline for ILL, we provide a complexity measure for proofs of the above-mentioned properties. The effectiveness of our verification techniques is demonstrated by implementing the Alcove tool that includes an animator and a verifier. The former executes thelccmodel, observing the flow of APs, and quickly finding inconsistencies of the APs vis-à-vis the implementation. The latter is an automatic theorem prover based on ILL.
ESTIMATES FOR THE HOMOGENIZATION OF STOKES PROBLEM IN A PERFORATED DOMAIN
Authors: Mecherbet Amina , Hillairet Matthieu
Published: April 2018

In this paper, we consider the Stokes equations in a perforated domain. When the number of holes increases while their radius tends to 0, it is proven in Desvillettes et al. [J. Stat. Phys. 131 (2008) 941–967], under suitable dilution assumptions, that the solution is well approximated asymptotically by solving a Stokes–Brinkman equation. We provide here quantitative estimates in $L^{p}$-norms of this convergence.
I Feel Your Pain: A Reckoning
Authors: Anker Elisabeth R.
Published: April 2018

Hillary Clinton's memoir of the 2016 election and her life in politics, What Happened, is an affective rollercoaster. Wrath, frustration, regret, and sorrow, among other intensified emotions, saturate the book's pages. This range of affect is surprising for a political autobiography. Books in this genre typically present their subject-selves as stalwart and emotionally controlled actors whose range of feeling is limited to the proper amount of righteous irritation or vague empathy necessary to justify a policy proposal. None has the rawness of Clinton's book, a rawness that is, I would argue, made possible by her gender. This is one of the few vectors of political expression that is expanded, not contracted, for Clinton in her role as the first woman to become a major-party presidential candidate.
How do political institutions affect fiscal capacity? Explaining taxation in developing economies
Authors: RICCIUTI ROBERTO , SAVOIA ANTONIO , SEN KUNAL
Published: April 2018

A central aspect of institutional development in developing economies is building tax systems capable of raising revenues from broad tax bases, i.e. fiscal capacity. While it is recognised that fiscal capacity is pivotal for state building and economic development, it is less clear what its origins are and what explains its cross-country differences. We focus on political institutions, seen as stronger systems of checks and balances on the executive. Exploiting a recent database on public sector performance in developing economies and an IV strategy, we estimate their long-run impact, distinguishing between the accountability and transparency of fiscal institutions (impartiality) and their effectiveness in extracting revenues. We find that stronger constraints on the executive foster the impartiality of tax systems. However, there is no robust evidence that they also improve its effectiveness. Our findings also suggest that the overall impact on both total tax revenues and income tax is economically relevant.
Shifting institutional roles in biomedical innovation in a learning healthcare system
Authors: EISENBERG REBECCA S.
Published: April 2018

The use of information technology in healthcare has accelerated progress toward the long-term goal of a learning healthcare system, in which data from prior clinical experience provides an ever-expanding resource to guide continuous improvements in health care. Although still in its early stages, the use of data from clinical experience to supplement data from premarket testing is changing the roles of Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and public and private health insurers in healthcare innovation and technology assessment. It could change who decides what research questions to pursue, whose evidentiary standards decide what counts as actionable knowledge, and who pays the costs of research. The shape and direction of resulting changes will depend on which actors and institutions decide to step forward and claim a larger role in healthcare innovation in response to technological and regulatory change.
Associations between maternal prenatal cortisol and fetal growth are specific to infant sex: findings from the Wirral Child Health and Development Study
Authors: Braithwaite E. C. , Hill J. , Pickles A. , Glover V. , O’Donnell K. , Sharp H.
Published: April 2018

Recent findings highlight that there are prenatal risks for affective disorders that are mediated by glucocorticoid mechanisms, and may be specific to females. There is also evidence of sex differences in prenatal programming mechanisms and developmental psychopathology, whereby effects are in opposite directions in males and females. As birth weight is a risk for affective disorders, we sought to investigate whether maternal prenatal cortisol may have sex-specific effects on fetal growth. Participants were 241 mothers selected from the Wirral Child Health and Development Study (WCHADS) cohort (n=1233) using a psychosocial risk stratifier, so that responses could be weighted back to the general population. Mothers provided saliva samples, which were assayed for cortisol, at home over 2 days at 32 weeks gestation (on waking, 30-min post-waking and during the evening). Measures of infant birth weight (corrected for gestational age) were taken from hospital records. General population estimates of associations between variables were obtained using inverse probability weights. Maternal log of the area under the curve cortisol predicted infant birth weight in a sex-dependent manner (interaction termP=0.029). There was a positive and statistically significant association between prenatal cortisol in males, and a negative association in females that was not statistically significant. A sex interaction in the same direction was evident when using the waking (P=0.015), and 30-min post-waking (P=0.013) cortisol, but not the evening measure. There was no interaction between prenatal cortisol and sex to predict gestational age. Our findings add to an emerging literature that suggests that there may be sex-specific mechanisms that underpin fetal programming.
Transdiagnostische expositionsbasierte Behandlung von Angststörungen
Authors: Neudeck Peter , Brahm Caroline im , Hamm Alfons O.
Published: April 2018

Zusammenfassung. Hintergrund: Neben störungsspezifischen Behandlungskonzepten werden in den letzten Jahren vermehrt transdiagnostische Behandlungsmanuale in der expositionsbasierten Behandlung von Ängsten und komorbiden Störungen eingesetzt. Die vorliegende narrative systematische Übersichtsarbeit beschreibt den Stand der Forschung zu transdiagnostischen Behandlungskonzepten in Hinsicht auf Angst- und komorbide Störungen. Methode: Die Literaturrecherche und die Datenanalyse wurden angelehnt an die PRISMA Guidelines vorgenommen. Die Ergebnisse von 17 Untersuchungen zu expositionsbasierten transdiagnostischen Behandlungskonzepten der letzten fünfzehn Jahre werden beschrieben. Ergebnisse: Die Resultate der referierten Studien zeigen, dass expositionsbasierte transdiagnostische Behandlungen die Symptome, sowohl der primären als auch der komorbiden Störungen, signifikant reduzieren. Expositionsbasierte transdiagnostische Konzepte sind effektiv zur Behandlungen von Angststörungen und komorbider Störungen. Sie stellen eine geeignete Alternative zu störungsspezifischen Behandlungen dar. Diskussion: Die Implikationen transdiagnostischer Konzepte für das praktische Vorgehen bei der individualisierten Diagnostik, der Vorbereitung und Durchführung von Expositionen werden erörtert. Schließlich werden Vorschläge für die Konzeptualisierung einer störungsübergreifenden Behandlung von Angststörungen, insbesondere solcher mit komorbider Symptomatik, vorgestellt.
Moral Judgment in Old Age
Authors: Margoni Francesco , Geipel Janet , Hadjichristidis Constantinos , Surian Luca
Published: April 2018

Abstract. Younger (21–39 years) and older (63–90 years) adults were presented with scenarios illustrating either harmful or helpful actions. Each scenario provided information about the agent’s intention, either neutral or valenced (harmful/helpful), and the outcome of his or her action, either neutral or valenced. Participants were asked to rate how morally good or bad the agent’s action was. In judging harmful actions, older participants relied less on intentions and more on outcomes compared to younger participants. This age-related difference was associated with a decline in older adults’ theory of mind abilities. However, we did not find evidence of any significant age-related difference in the evaluations of helpful actions. We argue that the selective association of aging with changes in the evaluation of harmful but not helpful actions may be due also to motivational factors and highlight some implications of the present findings for judicial systems.
Spectral Descriptions of Submesoscale Surface Circulation in a Coastal Region
Authors: Yoo Jang Gon , Kim Sung Yong , Kim Hyeon Seong
Published: April 2018

Submesoscale coastal surface currents at hourly and O(1) km resolutions, obtained from an array of high‐frequency radars in a coastal region off the east coast of Korea over a period of 1 year (2013), are described in the frequency and wavenumber domains. The low‐frequency surface currents exhibit more consistent variability with the regional geostrophic currents in summer than those in winter because of the relatively weak wind conditions in summer. The clockwise near‐inertial surface currents show onshore phase propagation and decreasing amplitudes. The kinetic energy spectra of the surface currents in the wavenumber domain (k) become steeper, increasing from a slope of
at a length scale of approximately 10 km to slopes between
and
at a length scale of 2 km. These kinetic energy spectra exhibit anisotropy and weak seasonality with an injection scale of
(10) km, consistent with dominant length scales of the regional submesoscale eddies and the zero‐crossing wavenumber in the estimated kinetic energy fluxes. We suggest possible mechanisms to explain the above findings. Submesoscale processes in this region are primarily initiated by surface frontogenesis caused by regional mesoscale currents, including low‐frequency circulations and topographically linked shear currents, then maintained by baroclinic instability in the mixed layer with moderate seasonality.
Reconstructing Climate and Environment from Coral Archives
Authors: Zinke Jens , Pfeiffer Miriam , Felis Thomas
Published: April 2018

Tropical Coral Archives—Reconstructions of Climate and Environment Beyond the Instrumental Record at Society-Relevant Timescales; Bremen, Germany, 28 September 2017
Publisher Correction: Metacognitive impairments extend perceptual decision making weaknesses in compulsivity
Authors: Hauser Tobias U. , Allen Micah ,   NSPN Consortium, Bullmore Edward T. , Goodyer Ian , Fonagy Peter , Jones Peter , Fearon Pasco , Prabhu Gita , Moutoussis Michael , Clair Michelle St , Cleridou Kalia , Dadabhoy Hina , Granville Sian , Harding Elizabeth , Hopkins Alexandra , Isaacs Daniel , King Janchai , Kokorikou Danae , Mills Harriet , Pantaleone Sara , Rees Geraint , Dolan Raymond J.
Published: April 2018

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper.
Expression of PLAGL2 in bladder urothelial carcinoma and its relationship to lymph node metastasis and survival
Authors: Qu Genyi , Xu Yong , Wan Shaw P. , Yang Guang
Published: April 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate PLAGL2 expression associated with pathological features and prognosis and predicted lymph node metastases in the bladder urothelial carcinoma (BUC) tissue. The pathologic specimens and clinical data of 203 patients with bladder urothelial carcinoma after radical resection were collected. The expression of PLAGL2 was detected by immunohistochemically staining. The influence on lymph node metastasis and the prognoses of BUC patients were analyzed. The expression of PLAGL2 in BUC and positive lymph nodes was significantly higher than the normal bladder tissues (89.06% and 76.56% vs 21.88%, P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that PLAGL2 expression was an independent risk factor for BUC lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05). COX proportional hazards regression model showed that the time to recurrence and overall survival of patients with overexpression of PLAGL2 were significantly lower than those with low expression (P < 0.05). PLAGL2 is highly expressed in the BUC tissue and metastatic lymph node relative to the normal bladder tissue. This expression correlates to tumor size and number, and tumor grade and stage. Overexpression of PLAGL2 can be an independent predictor for lymph node metastasis and patient survival.
Massively parallel recordings in macaque motor cortex during an instructed delayed reach-to-grasp task
Authors: Brochier Thomas , Zehl Lyuba , Hao Yaoyao , Duret Margaux , Sprenger Julia , Denker Michael , Grün Sonja , Riehle Alexa
Published: April 2018

We publish two electrophysiological datasets recorded in motor cortex of two macaque monkeys during an instructed delayed reach-to-grasp task, using chronically implanted 10-by-10 Utah electrode arrays. We provide a) raw neural signals (sampled at 30 kHz), b) time stamps and spike waveforms of offline sorted single and multi units (93/49 and 156/19 SUA/MUA for the two monkeys, respectively), c) trial events and the monkey’s behavior, and d) extensive metadata hierarchically structured via the odML metadata framework (including quality assessment post-processing steps, such as trial rejections). The dataset of one monkey contains a simultaneously saved record of the local field potential (LFP) sampled at 1 kHz. To load the datasets in Python, we provide code based on the Neo data framework that produces a data structure which is annotated with relevant metadata. We complement this loading routine with an example code demonstrating how to access the data objects (e.g., raw signals) contained in such structures. For Matlab users, we provide the annotated data structures as mat files.
An overview of recent progress in solvent systems, additives and modifiers of counter current chromatography
Authors: Liu Yanjuan , Kuang Pengqun , Guo Shaofen , Sun Qing , Xue Tao , Li Haigang
Published: April 2018

Solvent systems are critical to counter current chromatography (CCC). Appropriate additives and modifiers can be used to improve the separation efficiency of CCC.
Structural and stereochemical diversity in prenylated indole alkaloids containing the bicyclo[2.2.2]diazaoctane ring system from marine and terrestrial fungi
Authors: Klas Kimberly R. , Kato Hikaru , Frisvad Jens C. , Yu Fengan , Newmister Sean A. , Fraley Amy E. , Sherman David H. , Tsukamoto Sachiko , Williams Robert M.
Published: April 2018

Various fungi of the generaAspergillus,Penicillium, andMalbrancheaproduce prenylated indole alkaloids possessing a bicyclo[2.2.2]diazaoctane ring system.
A triple modality BSA-coated dendritic nanoplatform for NIR imaging, enhanced tumor penetration and anticancer therapy
Authors: Cao Jie , Ge Ruifen , Zhang Min , Xia Junfei , Han Shangcong , Lu Wei , Liang Yan , Zhang Tingting , Sun Yong
Published: April 2018

A simple PAMAM-based theranostic system was successfully designed for NIR imaging, deep tissue penetration and cancer therapy.
Two azobenzene derivatives CAB/ACB as reusable sunscreen: UV absorptive capacity and biosafety evaluation
Authors: Liu Jiao-Li , Wada Satoshi , Wang Jin-Ye
Published: April 2018

Two azobenzene compounds CAB/ACB show good UV absorption capacity and biocompatibility which can be used as reusable sunscreens.
Enhanced dispersive solid phase extraction assisted by cloud point strategy prior to fluorometric determination of anti-hepatitis C drug velpatasvir in pharmaceutical tablets and body fluids
Authors: El-Wekil Mohamed M. , Ali Hassan Refat H. , Marzouk Adel A. , Ali Ramadan
Published: April 2018

Highly sensitive and selective solid phase extraction method combined with cloud point extraction strategy was developed for analysis of velpatasvir in its pharmaceutical tablets and biological fluids.
Thermal glass transition beyond kinetics of a non-crystallizable glass-former
Authors: Philipp Martine , Nies Christophe , Ostermeyer Martin , Possart Wulff , Krüger Jan K.
Published: April 2018

Simultaneous access to thermodynamics and dynamics of glass-forming poly(vinylacetate) via static and dynamic thermal expansion.
PEGylated nanographene-mediated metallic nanoparticle clusters for surface enhanced Raman scattering-based biosensing
Authors: Ali Ahmed , Hwang Eun Young , Choo Jaebum , Lim Dong Woo
Published: April 2018

We demonstrate PEGylated nano-sized graphene-induced AuNP clusters, which could serve as SERS nanotags for highly sensitive SERS-based biosensing.
Using a PC camera to determine the concentration of nitrite, ammonia nitrogen, sulfide, phosphate, and copper in water
Authors: Bao Xin-Yue , Liu Sheng , Song Wan-Gan , Gao Hong-Wen
Published: April 2018

To quickly and simply determine the concentration of compounds in water, a simple method based on an ordinary computer camera was proposed, and a device was designed.
A pH-controlled bidirectionally pure DNA hydrogel: reversible self-assembly and fluorescence monitoring
Authors: Lu Shasha , Wang Shuang , Zhao Jiahui , Sun Jian , Yang Xiurong
Published: April 2018

Fluorescence monitoring using a pH-controlled reversible bidirectionally pure DNA hydrogel is reported.
General strategy for lanthanide coordination polymers constructed from 1,1′-ferrocenedicarboxylic acid under hydrothermal conditions
Authors: Du Xue-Dong , Zheng Weiwei , Yi Xiao-Hong , Zhao Jiong-Peng , Wang Peng , Wang Chong-Chen
Published: April 2018

26 lanthanide CPs were synthesized under different reaction conditions. As well, their fluorescence and magnetism properties were investigated.
Effect of divalentversusmonovalent cations on the MS2 retention capacity of amino-functionalized ceramic filters
Authors: Bartels J. , Hildebrand N. , Nawrocki M. , Kroll S. , Maas M. , Colombi Ciacchi L. , Rezwan K.
Published: April 2018

Our work shows how salt ions influence the accessibility and orientation of an aminosilane on a ceramic filter surface.
Z-scheme Ag3PO4/POM/GO heterojunction with enhanced photocatalytic performance for degradation and water splitting
Authors: Liu Guodong , Zhao Xinfu , Zhang Jian , Liu Shaojie , Sha Jingquan
Published: April 2018

To develop solar light-driven photocatalysts with high activity and structural stability, Ag3PO4/POM/GO heterojunction has been successfully prepared by a facile method at room temperature.
Multiheme proteins: effect of heme–heme interactions
Authors: Lai Dipti , Khan Firoz Shah Tuglak , Rath Sankar Prasad
Published: April 2018

This Frontier illustrates a brief personal account on the effect of heme–heme interactions in dihemes which thereby discloses some of the evolutionary design principles involved in multiheme proteins for their diverse structures and functions.
Anodic electrochemistry of mono- and dinuclear aminophenylferrocene and diphenylaminoferrocene complexes
Authors: Zhang Ming-Xing , Zhang Jing , Yin Jun , Hartl František , Liu Sheng Hua
Published: April 2018

The multistep anodic behavior of two series of nonlinear (di)aminophenylferrocene, and diphenylaminoferrocene complexes is reported. The first anodic steps all take place uniformly on the ferrocenyl units, followed by oxidation of the triphenylamine and Cp-diphenylamine moieties.
A highly stabilized nickel-rich cathode material by nanoscale epitaxy control for high-energy lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Kim Junhyeok , Ma Hyunsoo , Cha Hyungyeon , Lee Hyomyung , Sung Jaekyung , Seo Minho , Oh Pilgun , Park Minjoon , Cho Jaephil
Published: April 2018

An epitaxy layer on the LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cathode significantly suppressed the nickel-ion crossover, which enhanced the structural/electrochemical stability at high temperature.
Correction: The critical role of novel benzophenone analogs on tumor growth inhibition targeting angiogenesis and apoptosis
Authors: Mohammed Yasser Hussein Eissa , Ara Khanum Shaukath
Published: April 2018

Correction for ‘The critical role of novel benzophenone analogs on tumor growth inhibition targeting angiogenesis and apoptosis’ by Yasser Hussein Eissa Mohammed et al., Med. Chem. Commun., 2018, DOI: 10.1039/c7md00593h.
ESIPT-capable 2,6-di(1H-imidazol-2-yl)phenols with very strong fluorescent sensing signals towards Cr(iii), Zn(ii), and Cd(ii): molecular variation effects on turn-on efficiency
Authors: Eseola Abiodun O. , Görls Helmar , Bangesh Masroor , Plass Winfried
Published: April 2018

The derivatization influence was studied for twelve 2,6-di(1H-imidazol-2-yl)phenols, whereby a strong fluorescent sensitivity for Cr(iii) was reported, while Zn(ii)/Cd(ii) sensing potentials also appeared.
Metal-free oxidative coupling of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones with arylaldehydes leading to 3-acylated quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones
Authors: Yuan Jin-Wei , Fu Jun-Hao , Liu Shuai-Nan , Xiao Yong-Mei , Mao Pu , Qu Ling-Bo
Published: April 2018

An efficient protocol for the synthesis of 3-aroylquinoxalin-2(1H)-ones has been developed via a metal-free oxidative cross-coupling reaction of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones with aryl aldehydes under mild conditions with good yields.
A concise total synthesis of cochlearoid B
Authors: Zhang Wuxia , Xiao Dehai , Wang Bo
Published: April 2018

A T-type calcium channel inhibiting natural product cochlearoid B was synthesized in 7 linear steps.
Application of novel nanocomposite-modified electrodes for identifying rice wines of different brands
Authors: Wei Zhenbo , Yang Yanan , Zhu Luyi , Zhang Weilin , Wang Jun
Published: April 2018

In this paper, poly(acid chrome blue K) (PACBK)/AuNP/glassy carbon electrode (GCE), polysulfanilic acid (PABSA)/AuNP/GCE and polyglutamic acid (PGA)/CuNP/GCE were self-fabricated for the identification of rice wines of different brands.
Preparation and characterization of an amphiphilic polyamide nanofiltration membrane with improved antifouling properties by two-step surface modification method
Authors: Ruan Huimin , Li Bin , Ji Jianbing , Sotto Arcadio , Van der Bruggen Bart , Shen Jiangnan , Gao Congjie
Published: April 2018

Schematic diagram of amphiphilic NF membrane by a two-step modification.
Impact of carboxylation and hydrolysis functionalisations on the anti-oil staining behaviour of textiles grafted with poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) hydrogel
Authors: Suradi Siti Samahani , Naemuddin Nurul Hazlina , Hashim Shahrir , Adrus Nadia
Published: April 2018

Functionalisation, especially via hydrolysis, has created efficient PNIPAAm hydrogels grafted onto PET textiles with superior anti-oil staining performance.
Formation of bicyclic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the reaction of a phenyl radical with cis-3-penten-1-yne
Authors: Wei Mingrui , Zhang Tingting , Chen Xianfeng , Yan Fuwu , Guo Guanlun , Zhang Dongju
Published: April 2018

The formation of PAHs within 4-, 5-, 6- and 7-membered rings on the C6H5 + C5H6 potential energy surface.
Fused silver nanowires with silica sol nanoparticles for smooth, flexible, electrically conductive and highly stable transparent electrodes
Authors: Bai Shengchi , Wang Haifeng , Yang Hui , Zhang He , Chen Tianrui , Guo Xingzhong
Published: April 2018

AgNWs-silica nanoparticles composite TCE with smooth surface and superior opto-electrical properties has been manufactured via AgNW-silica sol composite ink coating on PET through Mayer rod method, which is a promising alternative to ITO films.
Do hydrodynamic interactions affect the swim pressure?
Authors: Burkholder Eric W. , Brady John F.
Published: April 2018

We generalize the active Brownian particle model to account for hydrodynamic interactions.
Anisotropic drop spreading on superhydrophobic grates during drop impact
Authors: Han Jeonghoon , Ryu Seunggeol , Kim Hyunsik , Sen Prosenjit , Choi Dukhyun , Nam Youngsuk , Lee Choongyeop
Published: April 2018

We study the influence of geometric anisotropy of micro-grate structures on the spreading dynamics of water drops after impact.
Designing a ternary photovoltaic cell for indoor light harvesting with a power conversion efficiency exceeding 20%
Authors: Yin Hang , Ho Johnny Ka Wai , Cheung Sin Hang , Yan Roger Jie , Chiu Ka Lok , Hao Xiaotao , So Shu Kong
Published: April 2018

A PCDTBT:PC71BM solar cell adopted by a ternary strategy with PDTSTPD achieves an overall PCE of 20.8% under indoor illumination.
A general dissolution–recrystallization strategy to achieve sulfur-encapsulated carbon for an advanced lithium–sulfur battery
Authors: Fan Xuliang , Zhang Yangfan , Li Jing , Yang Kang , Liang Zhongxin , Chen Yaoguang , Zhao Cunyuan , Zhang Zishou , Mai Kancheng
Published: April 2018

A novel dissolution–recrystallization strategy is, for the first time, proposed to fabricate a series of carbon@S cathodes via dissolution–recrystallization of granular sulfur into uniform sulfur layer encapsulated carbon in selective solution.
New perspectives about AC link based on half‐wavelength properties for bulk power transmission with flexible distance
Authors: Ortega Javier Santiago , Tavares Maria Cristina
Published: April 2018

A study of the AC link with flexible transmission distance and half wavelength properties as an option for bulk power transmission over very long distances is presented. This alternative has been studied for many years, however, the present document introduces new insight and explanations about how the use of adequate optimisation methods of tower design and tuning procedures permits that AC transmission lines with half‐wavelength properties present enhanced performance that could be comparable with high‐voltage DC transmission systems. Issues highlighted in this work are: improvement of right of way size, flexible distance, adequate voltage‐reactive power regulation and the competitive system efficiency. Competitiveness of this AC link based on half‐wavelength properties is proved when old problems are eliminated.