bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison between 2 futility scores in comatosed survivors of out of hospital cardiac arrest in a large tertiary centre in the United Kingdom: MIRACLE2 vs NULL-PLEASE
Authors: Elamin A , Ahmad H , Muhammed E , Anwar S , Lipp G , Appleby C
Published: October 2022

Background

The management of patients presenting with an out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is resource intensive, and mortality remains very high. Several scoring systems have been developed to predict mortality and adverse neurological outcomes, and thus aid decision making for patients arriving to heart attack centres. Two of the most commonly used scoring systems are NULL-PLEASE (1) and MIRACLE2 (2).

Purpose

The MIRCALE2 score predicts poor neurological outcome at 6 months, as measured by Cerebral Performance Category (CPC). The NULL-PLEASE score predicts in-hospital morality. We aimed to compare both scores in predicting their primary end-points in a large tertiary centre in the UK.

Method and results

This was a retrospective analysis of 435 patient who were admitted with OHCA via the primary PCI pathway to a large tertiary cardiac centre between January 2016 and September 2020. Only comatosed OHCA survivors requiring pre-hospital ventilatory support were included. 319 patients were eligible 238 patients had complete set of data and were included in the final analysis.

The association of the primary outcome was examined using logistic regression analysis. The predictive ability of the scores for the primary endpoint was tested using AUC analysis.

In-hospital mortality was 45% (108 patients), with 53% having good neurological outcome at 6 months (CPC <3). The median MIRACLE2 score for our cohort was 5 (total score 10). The median neurological outcome measured by CPC was 2. The median NULL-PLEASE score was 2 (total 14). A ROC curve for both scores was plotted, with area under the curve at 0.73 for the MIRACLE2, and 0. 0.81 for NULL-PLEASE (figure 1 and 2). Our final analysis demonstrated a MIRACLE2 score of 5 or more had sensitivity of 67% to predict poor neurological outcome (CPC 3–5). The NULL-PLEASE, score of >3 had 74% sensitivity to predict in hospital mortality.

Conclusion

To our knowledge, this is the first study to compare the MIRCLE2 and NULL-PLEASE scoring systems. Both scores did not perform as expected in our large retrospective analysis. The NULL-PLEASE was more sensitive in predicting in-hospital mortality, although MIRACLE 2 score was easier to use as it had less variables to collect.

Funding Acknowledgement

Type of funding sources: None.
Prognostic difference between walk-in and ambulance-transported patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction from Mie ACS Registry
Authors: Ishiyama M , Kurita T K , Ito H I , Hoshino K H , Yamanaka T Y , Seko T S , Kitamura T K , Yamada N Y , Kakimoto H K , Dohi K D
Published: October 2022

Background

The prognostic impact of walk-in patients with ST elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI) is unknown. The aim of this study was to compare the prognosis of walk-in STEMI patients and ambulance-transported STEMI patients.

Methods

We evaluated 260 walk-in STEMI patients and 1,641 ambulance-transported STEMI patients enrolled from Mie ACS registry, which was a prospective and multicenter registry between 2013 and 2019. Propensity score matched analysis was performed to validate the results. Coronary risk factor, sex, Killip class, and door-to-balloon time was used for compute the propensity score.

Results

Propensity score matching yielded 226 cases per group. All-cause mortality was tended to be higher in walk-in group than ambulance-transported group without reaching significant difference, although ambulance-transported group had slightly higher mortality before propensity score matching (See Figure 1). Symptom-onset-to-reperfusion time was significantly longer in walk-in group (241 vs 184 minutes, p<0.01).

Conclusion

The short and mid-term prognosis of walk-in STEMI patients was similar with ambulance-transported patients. However, prehospital delay should be shortened by using ambulance for better prognosis in walk-in STEMI patients.

Funding Acknowledgement

Type of funding sources: None.
Comparison of CRUSADE and ORBIT bleeding risk scores in prediction of mayor bleeding in pacients with acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Chirino D , Vitale F , Iglesias J , Leonardi M , Rodriguez Vazquez M L , Calderon G , Dizeo C
Published: October 2022

Introduction

Mayor bleeding is the most important complication of antithrombotic treatment in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and is even associated with higher mortality. The CRUSADE scrore has been developed to predict mayor bleeding in ACS and is one of the most used. however, it has a moderate predictive capacity and is relatively complex to calculate at the patient's bedside. On the other hand, different bleeding risk scores have been developed for atrial fibrillation witch have also been evaluated for ACS, for example HAS-BLED. Recently, the NICE guidelines suggest using the Orbit Bleeding score (ORBIT) to assess the risk of bleeding in atrial fibrillation due to its greater predictive capacity. Its usefulness in the context of ACS has been little studied.

Purpose

The aim of the study is to evaluate the usefulness of the ORBIT to predict major bleeding in patients with ACS compared to the CRUSADE

Methods

A obserbational retrsopective study was performed. Patients with diagnostico ACS in two coronary units of Argentina were included. All of them, received antocoagulation as a antithrombitic treatment. The CRUSADE and ORBIT scores were calculated with the clinical data on admission. The primary point of major bleeding, defined as a BARC classification 3 or 5, was analyzed. Multivariate analysis was performed by logistic regression. To establish the discrimination capacity of the scores, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was evaluated and the comparison between the curves was carried out using the chi-square area homogeneity test.

Results

A total of 880 patients were included (68% with non-ST elevation ACS and 32% with ST elevation), the mean of age was 68±11 years and 35% were women. As antithrombotic treatment, 100% received aspirin, 96.3% received P2Y12 receptor inhibitors, 100% received anticoagulation with enoxaparin, and 9.5% received fibrinolytics.

The primary end point of major bleeding occurred in 3.4% (n=30).

In univariate analysis both CRUSADE and ORBIT were predictors of mayor bleeding, but in multivariate analysis only ORBIT was independent predictor of mayor bleeding. (ORBIT OR: 2.46 (95% CI 1,61 to 3,97), P<0.001. The table shows the univariate and multivariate analysis.

The AUC of CRUSADE was 0.68 (95% CI 0.57–0.80) and the ORBIT was 0.80 (95% CI 0.72–0.90). The ORBIT score presented a higher AUC than the CRUSADE (p=0.03). See Figure 1.

Conclusion

The Orbit score was an independent predictor of major bleeding in patients with ACS, presenting a better predictive capacity than the CRUSADE.

Funding Acknowledgement

Type of funding sources: None.
Multimodality imaging to assess severity and outcome in asymptomatic patients with aortic stenosis: a medium-long term follow-up study
Authors: Zito C , Manganaro R , De Sarro R , Licordari R , Bursi F , Mantovani F , Benfari G , Malagoli A , Bertolacelli Y , D'Angelo T , Antonini-Canterin F , Carerj S , Barbieri A
Published: October 2022

Background

Multimodality imaging approach is becoming more and more common in evaluating the severity and outcome of aortic stenosis (AS).

Aim

To assess the outcome of asymptomatic AS and the usefulness of aortic calcium score (CS) by computed tomography (CT) for solving the dilemma of low flow, low gradients (LFLG) severe AS.

Methods

70 (81.4±8.4 years) prospective asymptomatic patients with AS were followed for 2.77±2.01 years with a trans-thoracic echo (TTE) every 6 months. End-points were all cause mortality, aortic valve replacement (AVR or TAVR), aortic velocity and gradients progression and symptoms occurrence. Prevalence of LFLG-AS was investigated and these patients underwent CT for CS calculation at the end of follow-up (FU), Figure 1.

Results

Baseline TTE results from the 70 pts were: peak velocity 3.1±0.8m/sec; peak gradient 44±21mmHg; mean gradient 26±14 mmHg; AVA 1±0.3 cm2; DVI 0.31±0.1; Svi 33.8±18 ml/m2; EF: 55±9% with an AS being mild in 32.9%, moderate in 28.4%, severe in 27.1%; 36.8% of severe AS were LFLG. During FU, 23 (32.8%) pts died (5.7% LFLG) and 13 (18.5%) underwent AVR/TAVR. Predictors of mortality were aortic gradients (p=0.03), AVA (p=0.008), DVI (p<0.001), pulse pressure (p=0.005) and dilated ascending aorta (p<0001). Predictors of AVR/TAVR were: gradients (p=0.003), peak aortic velocity (p=0.02) and dilated ascendent aorta (p=0.01). The best cut-off to predict survival was AVA = 1 cm2 (100% sensitivity and 80% specificity). In 34 pts ending FU we found an overall progression of AS severity (peak velocity 3.6±0.9m/sec; peak gradient 50±24 mmHg; mean gradient 33±15 mmHg; AVA 0.7±0.3 cm2; DVI 0.25±0.08; Svi 36±10 ml/m2; EF 54±10%; p<0.05 for all vs baseline) with 24 (70.5%) pts with severe AS and 10 (29.5%) with not severe AS. 18 (75%) of progressive severe AS were LFLG, 12 asymptomatic and 6 symptomatic and all underwent CS revealing that AS was not severe in 6 (1233±1123 AU; 622±55 AU/m2) and true severe in 12 (3388±1188 AU; 1858±795 AU/m2; p=0.005 and p=0.002, respectively). Symptomatic severe LFLG AS were all true severe according to CS (Figure 1). Table 1 shows the main CS correlations.

Conclusions

Asymptomatic AS in elderly people is associated with high mortality risk and rapid progression. AVA remains the best predictor of outcome. In severe LFLG AS, calcium score correlates with symptoms occurrence, progression of valve disease, LV hypertrophy and function and also with RV function.

Funding Acknowledgement

Type of funding sources: None.
Revealing the dynamics of magnetosphere, atmosphere, and interior of solar system objects with the Square Kilometre Array
Authors: Kimura Tomoki , Fujii Yuka , Kita Hajime , Tsuchiya Fuminori , Sagawa Hideo ,   SKA-Japan Planetary Science Team
Published: October 2022

Bodies such as planets, moons, and asteroids in our solar system are the brightest objects in the low-frequency radio astronomy at ≲10 GHz. The low-frequency radio emissions from our solar system bodies exhibit various observed characteristics in the spectrum, polarization, periodicity, and flux. The observed characteristics are essential probes for explorations of the bodies’ magnetosphere, atmosphere, surface, and even their interior. Generation and propagation theories of the radio emissions associate the characteristics with fundamental physics embedded in the environments: e.g., auroral electron acceleration, betatron acceleration, and atmospheric momentum transfer. Here we review previous studies on the low-frequency radio emissions from our solar system bodies to unveil some outstanding key questions on the dynamics and evolution of the bodies. To address the key questions by the future observations with the Square Kilometre Array (SKA), we made feasibility studies for detection and imaging of the radio emissions. Possible extensions of the solar system observations with SKA to the exoplanets are also proposed in the summary.
An Anisotropic Elastic Solid With an Elliptical Inhomogeneity Under a Non-Uniform In-Plane And Anti-Plane Remote Loading
Authors: Wang Xu , Schiavone Peter
Published: October 2022

We consider the case of an anisotropic elastic elliptical inhomogeneity embedded in an infinite anisotropic elastic matrix subjected to a non-uniform remote loading described by remote stresses and strains which are linear functions of the two in-plane coordinates. The internal stresses and strains within the elliptical inhomogeneity are found to be linear functions of the two in-plane coordinates. In addition, we obtain explicit real-form solutions describing the elastic field inside the inhomogeneity as well as hoop stress vectors and hoop stresses on the matrix side and on the inhomogeneity side. We also obtain the corresponding solutions for the two limiting cases in which the elliptical inhomogeneity takes the form of a hole or a rigid inhomogeneity. The solution method presented here can be extended to accommodate the more general scenario in which the remote applied stresses and strains are arbitrary-order polynomials of the two in-plane coordinates.
Is there a role for secondary debulking in ovarian cancer? A review of the current literature
Authors: Krause Danielle , Richardson Debra L.
Published: October 2022

Purpose of review

Until recently, no data was available from randomized, controlled trials (RCT) to assess the role of secondary cytoreductive surgery (CRS) in the management of recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer. This review highlights results from the three completed RCTs, and other recent literature on this topic.

Recent findings

Both the AGO and iMODEL criteria predict high rates of complete gross resection at the time of secondary CRS. Overall survival (OS) was improved in the surgical arms in both DESKTOP 3 and SOC-1. In contrast, surgery did not improve OS in GOG 213, but greater than 80% of patients received bevacizumab with chemotherapy in GOG 213.

Secondary cytoreduction for recurrent ovarian cancer can be considered in patients who meet specific criteria. Available data supports improvement in OS for patients not receiving bevacizumab, who achieve complete gross resection. Surgery is harmful to patients with gross residual disease.
Global status of acute pancreatitis research in the last 20 years: A bibliometric study
Authors: Han Chao , Yang Huai-Yu , Lv Yan-Wei , Dong Zhi-Qi , Liu Yu , Li Zhao-Shen , Wang Dan , Hu Liang-Hao
Published: October 2022

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common digestive disease encountered in Emergency Departments that carries a heavy socioeconomic burden. This study was conducted to determine the global status of AP research. Articles related to AP published in 1999 to 2018 were retrieved from the Web of Science (WOS) database and the 20 highest-output countries or regions were determined based on the total number of publications. Correlation analysis of AP research output and the gross domestic product (GDP) of each country or region was conducted. The quantity and quality of research of these 20 highest-output countries were compared to the total output, outputs per capita, and average impact factor (IF). All annual data were analyzed using time-trend analysis. A keyword co-occurrence analysis was conducted to determine the highlights in AP research. In total, 17,698 publications were retrieved, and 16,461 papers (93.0%) of them were from the 20 highest-output countries. A significantly positive correlation was identified between AP research output and the GDP (R = 0.973, P < .001). The 5 highest-output countries were the USA (24.9%), China (12.3%), Germany (7.5%), Japan (6.7%), and the UK (6.1%). Finland ranked 1st in the number of publication per capita, the USA had the highest accumulated IF (25,432.758) and total citations (104,592), Switzerland had the highest average IF (6.723), and Netherland had the highest average citations (51.90). Genetic research and AP-related hyperglycemia were research highlights. Analysis of the global output of research of AP research showed signs of growth. Research output was positively correlated with GDP. For the most productive countries, research quality was stable. Although developing countries lagged behind in output per capita and quality, great progress has been made in the past 2 decades.
Effect of comprehensive nursing intervention for congenital heart disease in children: A meta-analysis
Authors: Ding Xueying , Wen Jiaxuan , Yue Xinxin , Zhao Yudan , Qi Cuiping , Wang Di , Wei Xiuhong
Published: October 2022

Objectives:

This meta-analysis aimed to assess the impact of nursing interventions (e.g., educational and empathic interviewing, motor exercise, therapeutic play interventions) on the perioperative outcome of children with congenital heart disease (CHD).

Methods:

We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane, EBSCO, The Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wan Fang Data and the VIP Chinese Journal Service platform from the date of database creation to August 2021. Our study adhered to the recommendations of the Cochrane Handbook and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. RevMan 5.4 and Stata 16.0 were used to complete the meta-analysis.

Results:

This meta-analysis showed that comprehensive nursing intervention reduced both the length of hospital stay (weighted mean difference [WMD] = −1.982, 95%CI [−2.329, −1.634], P < .001) and the related risk of post-operative complications [OR = 0.345, 95%CI (0.225, 0.528), P < .001]. In addition, nursing intervention increased parental satisfaction with the care provided [OR = 0.308, 95%CI (1.923, 6.863), P < .001]. Nursing interventions have also had a positive impact in reducing preoperative anxiety [WMD = −6.721, 95% CI (−7.194, −6.249), P < .001] and postoperative pain [WMD = −7.103, 95% CI (−7.103, −7.663), P < .001] in children.

Conclusions:

This meta-analysis confirms the beneficial effects of comprehensive nursing interventions in terms of reduced complication rates and shorter hospital stays. The effectiveness of comprehensive nursing in reducing anxiety and pain levels was also demonstrated. The findings support the implementation of comprehensive care interventions in the perioperative period for children with CHD to improve clinical outcomes.
Dispersive currents from narrow windows of time explain patterns of population connectivity in an ecologically and economically important fish
Authors: Schraidt Claire , Ackiss Amanda S. , Larson Wesley A. , Rowe Mark D. , Höök Tomas O. , Christie Mark R.
Published: October 2022

Identifying the drivers of population connectivity remains a fundamental question in ecology and evolution. Answering this question can be challenging in aquatic environments where dynamic lake and ocean currents, high variance in reproductive success, and above average rates of dispersal and gene flow can increase noise. We developed a novel, integrative approach that couples detailed biophysical models with eco-genetic individual-based models to generate ‘predictive’ values of genetic differentiation. We also used RAD-Seq to genotype 960 yellow perch (Perca flavescens), a species with an ∼30-day pelagic larval duration (PLD), collected from 20 sites circumscribing Lake Michigan. By comparing predictive and empirical values of genetic differentiation, we estimated the relative contributions for known drivers of population connectivity (e.g., currents, behavior, PLD). For the main basin populations (i.e., the largest contiguous portion of the lake), we found that high gene flow led to low overall levels of genetic differentiation among populations (FST= 0.003). By far the best predictors of genetic differentiation were connectivity matrices that1.came from a specific week and year, and2.resulted in high population connectivity. Thus, these narrow windows of time during which highly dispersive currents occur are driving the patterns of population connectivity in this system. We also found that populations from the northern and southern main basin are slightly divergent from one another, while those from Green Bay and the main basin are highly divergent (FST= 0.11). By integrating biophysical and eco-genetic models with genome-wide data, we illustrate that the drivers of population connectivity can be identified in high gene flow systems.
Identification of putative GATA3 regulatory elements and comparison of GATA3 distribution in cochleae of mice, rats, macaques, and humans
Authors: Ghosh Sumana , Wineski Robert , Lopez Ivan A. , Ishiyama Akira , Thapa Punam , Walters Bradley J.
Published: October 2022

The transcription factor GATA3 plays a critical role in the development of neurons and sensory epithelia of the inner ear. In mouse cochleae, GATA3 is downregulated in certain supporting cells (SCs) and in type I spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) after development. This reduction of GATA3 in SCs severely limitsAtoh1-induced hair cell (HC) regeneration and suggests that a similar downregulation in human cochleae may be limiting for regenerative therapies. However, it is unknown whether GATA3 is similarly or differentially regulated in primates versus rodents. Using CAGE-seq data, we compared over 40 putativeGATA3regulatory elements across species and found both conserved and non-conserved sequences. To assess whether cochlear GATA3 distribution is similar or different between rodents and primates, we immunostained cochleae from mice, rats, macaques, and humans using antibodies raised against highly conserved GATA3 peptide sequences. GATA3 immunostaining in the organs of Corti from all four species revealed a large degree of conservation, where SCs medial and lateral to cochlear HCs exhibited robust nuclear GATA3 immunolabeling, but pillar and Deiters cells had significantly reduced GATA3 immunoreactivity. In all four species, GATA3 was expressed in a subset of SGNs that largely co-expressed peripherin suggesting they were type II SGNs. Only one difference emerged, wherein human cochlear inner hair cells were not GATA3 immunoreactive despite being so in the other species. Overall, the pattern of GATA3 expression in primates appears similar to rodents and reinforces the notion that ATOH1 mediated regenerative therapies may be limited by reduced GATA3 expression in adult SCs.
The CRL4B E3 ligase regulates mitosis by recruiting phospho-specific DCAFs
Authors: Stier Anna , Gilberto Samuel , Mohamed Weaam I. , Helenius Jonne , Mikicic Ivan , Sajic Tatjana , Beli Petra , Müller Daniel J. , Peter Matthias
Published: October 2022

The cullin-4 paralogs CUL4A and CUL4B assemble E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes regulating multiple chromatin-associated cellular functions. Although they are structurally similar, we found that the unique N-terminal extension of CUL4B is heavily phosphorylated during mitosis, and the phosphorylation pattern is perturbed in the CUL4B-P50L mutation causing X-linked intellectual disability (XLID). Phenotypic characterization and mutational analysis revealed that CUL4B phosphorylation is required for efficient progression through mitosis, controlling spindle positioning and cortical tension. Interestingly, while CUL4B phosphorylation triggers chromatin exclusion, it critically promotes binding to actin regulators and two previously unrecognized, CUL4B-specific DCAFs, LIS1 and WDR1. Indeed, co-immunoprecipitation experiments and biochemical analysis revealed that LIS1 and WDR1 interact with DDB1, but their binding requires the phosphorylated N-terminal domain of CUL4B. Together, our study uncovers previously unrecognized DCAFs relevant for mitosis and brain development that specifically bind CUL4B, but not the CUL4B-P50L patient mutant, by a phosphorylation-dependent mechanism.
Morning Star BrandCom: combating Covid-19 vaccine hesitancy
Authors: Dwivedi Vineeta , Krishna Malay , Arora Sunny Vijay
Published: October 2022

Learning outcomes

This case is intended to help students of business communication and public relations to trace the effects of communication by public figures and understand essential elements of designing effective communication. After working through the case and assignment questions, the students will be able to:understand the drivers of vaccine hesitancy;analyze the effects of mass communication on public sentiment, in a fast-changing public health situation; anddesign interventions to influence public awareness and action, using a simple model (5W) for mass communication.

Case overview/synopsis

As the vaccines first arrived after the devastating first wave of the Covid-19 pandemic, Indians hesitated to take the shot. Vaccine hesitancy, a worldwide phenomenon, hampered the uptake of the first Covid vaccines despite the dark clouds of the lethal disease. The case looks at the massive problem of vaccine hesitancy and how an integrated communication strategy could overcome and mitigate the challenge. The case protagonist, the leader of a communications agency, looks at the messaging, medium and platforms needed for strategic communication pitch to combat this vaccine hesitancy.

Complexity academic level

The case was designed for use in a graduate-level course in business communication. This case may be positioned toward the middle or end of the course to illustrate mass communication strategy for pressing and sensitive challenges. The case may also be used in a course on public relations, both at graduate and undergraduate levels.

Supplementary materials

Teaching notes are available for educators only.

Subject code

CSS 8: Marketing.
Vakrangee: changing lives in rural India
Authors: Mehta Ritu , Mathur Mahima
Published: October 2022

Learning outcomes

The learning outcomes are as follows: to design an appropriate strategy for firms to succeed in low-income, price-sensitive markets; to appreciate how business model innovation can help to overcome the obstacles faced by firms when serving rural and semi-urban markets in an emerging economy; to identify possible threats to the business model and evaluate strategies to sustain growth in a dynamic environment; and to allow students to consider sources for competitive advantage and how to build a sustainable business model in low-income markets.

Case overview/synopsis

The case details the growth story of Vakrangee Limited (Vakrangee) from a technology consultancy firm to a technology-driven firm focused on creating the largest last-mile retail network providing various services in underserved parts of India, mainly rural India. The firm launched retail outlets called Vakrangee Kendras (VKs) in 2011 that evolved from non-exclusive stores offering a single line of e-governance services into technology-enabled franchisee-based exclusive stores that offered a multiple line of services such as banking, finance, insurance, ATM, e-commerce and logistics. VK however is witnessing competition from different players in different segments. Additionally, the dynamic business environment such as the growing penetration of smartphones and internet usage, heterogeneous needs of customers and government policies pose further threat to the company’s growth in the future. In the wake of these challenges, what should Vakrangee do to sustain its growth? Should it focus on cost-leadership or differentiation for strategic positioning?

Complexity academic level

This case can be used in an MBA or an executive management program, in courses on strategic management, entrepreneurship, services marketing and rural marketing.

Supplementary materials

Teaching notes are available for educators only.

Subject code

CSS 3: Entrepreneurship.
The technological intervention in e-health management: evidence from Thailand
Authors: Raza Mohsin , Khalid Rimsha , Wisetsri Worakamol , Cavaliere Luigi Pio Leonardo , Alnawafleh Hamza Subhi Mohammad , Guzman-Avalos Magna
Published: October 2022

Purpose

The e-health services came up as an effective tool to mitigate effects of COVID-19 and following social distance norms. This study highlighted an issue of contentious usage intentions of e-health services among Thai older citizens. This study aims to examine the relationship of social influence (SI), information quality (IQ) and the digital literacy (DL) to contentious usage intentions.

Design/methodology/approach

This study follows quantitative techniques, and the sample size is 140 to analyze, that is collected from the older Thai citizens. The convenient sampling technique was used to collect the data and the items were measured by using a five-point Likert scale.

Findings

The findings of this study are having mixed results. The effect of DL and satisfaction (SAT) on continuous usage intention (CUI) is significant. The effect of IQ and SI on CUI is non-significant. The effect of IQ and SI on SAT is significant. Further, the mediating effect of SAT between IQ and CUI is non-significant. However, the mediating effect of SAT between SI and CUI is significant.

Originality/value

This study contributes to knowledge by empirical testing of DL and usage of the medicine. Furthermore, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is one of the rare studies that incorporate technological intervention for drug usage intentions.
Relational resources for innovation ambidexterity within coopetitive relationships: the contingent role of managerial ambidexterity
Authors: Seepana Chandrasekararao , Paulraj Antony , Smart Palie
Published: October 2022

Purpose

While the performance benefits of relational resources and managerial ambidexterity have been widely discussed in coopetition literature, there is only limited evidence that illustrates the underlying relationships between these relational resources and managerial ambidexterity. Against this background, this paper aims to investigate how managerial ambidexterity moderates the innovation ambidexterity effects of relational resources (i.e. reciprocal investments and complementary resources).

Design/methodology/approach

This study forwards various hypotheses that are grounded within the theoretical tenets of the relational view and the dynamic capabilities perspective. To test the hypotheses, this study uses survey data provided by 313 firms that pursue horizontal coopetition relationships.

Findings

The research findings offer important insights in that while reciprocal investments lead to innovation ambidexterity, complementary resources do not result in such benefits. Additionally, managerial ambidexterity complements the relational resources to develop innovation ambidexterity if and only if both managerial exploration and exploitation are applied simultaneously.

Originality/value

As opposed to widely-held beliefs, this study finds that firms' use of complementary resources is not likely to lead to innovation ambidexterity even though such resources can help in developing strong relationships. In addition, although often overlooked, managerial ambidexterity plays a vital role in transforming relational resources into useful innovations for firms involved in coopetition relationships. It is crucial for firms that their managers balance their ambidextrous activities of exploration and exploitation so as to develop innovation ambidexterity.
A tripartite approach to social inclusion in selected slums in Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Popogbe Oluwaseyi Omowunmi , Akinleye Simeon Oludiran , Oke David Mautin
Published: October 2022

Purpose

This study aims to examine the social inclusiveness of slum dwellers by focusing on three key institutions which are social relations, government and the labour market. The literature emphasises the activities of these three institutions as indicators of social inclusion. Also, they accurately describe the social interactions of slum inhabitants at different levels.

Design/methodology/approach

Three large slums (Makoko, Ilaje and Iwaya) in Lagos State were purposively selected for this study. Using a multi-stage sampling technique, there was the first level of cluster sampling across the communities and second-level random sampling of household heads in the clusters. In all, 400 respondents were sampled but 388 valid responses were used for the analysis.

Findings

The study found minimal levels of inclusion in many of the indicators. However, Makoko had a higher degree of inclusion with respect to social relations and political participation compared to the other locations. Due to the poor level of governance, the resilience of slum dwellers has waned.

Research limitations/implications

The study was limited to three of the largest slums in Lagos State. Moreover, due to threats of eviction in recent times, many respondents were reluctant to provide adequate answers to some of the questions asked. However, the responses gotten were adequate to provide appropriate awareness and relevant recommendations.

Originality/value

The use of primary data made it possible for novel results to be generated on social inclusiveness in selected slums. The study extends the frontier of knowledge on social inclusion.
Money Can't Buy You Love: Partisan Responses to Vote‐Buying Offers
Authors: Greene Kenneth F.
Published: October 2022

Current theory on vote‐buying treats benefits instrumentally as income replacement that always increase utility for the machine. But many recipients react negatively. I argue that responses to selective benefits spring from partisan bias, with opponents motivated to reject a machine that attempts to buy their vote. This new partisan response model helps explain why machines target many supporters, why many opponents remain unpersuaded by selective benefits, and why the electoral return from vote‐buying is often lower than assumed. Tests using conjoint survey experiments in Mexico show that initial supporters are 14.5 percentage points more likely to vote for the machine, whereas initial opponents are 8.5 percentage points less likely to vote for it, holding benefits constant. Mediation analysis reveals that initial supporters demonstrate gratitude for selective benefits and view the machine's actions as legitimate, whereas initial opponents take offense and see machine politics as illegitimate.
Organizational learning for implementing product platforms: A case study of an automotive manufacturer
Authors: Mei Jingyao , Zheng Gang , Zhu Ling
Published: October 2022

Product platform development has become a norm in practice for manufacturing companies, enabling firms to develop and produce products more efficiently, shortening the time needed to develop new derivatives, and reducing unit procurement costs. However, the required organizational activities for product platform development with different architectural knowledge need further exploration. We conduct a case study of an automotive manufacturer in China to explore how firms engage in organizational learning processes when implementing product platforms with different architectural knowledge. This study illustrates four organizational learning approaches rooted in exploration and exploitation, yields four configurations between architectural knowledge and the required organizational learning approaches and reveals that each of these architecture knowledge‐organizational learning configurations produces different organizational performance.
Therapeutic potential of brain stimulation techniques in the treatment of mental, psychiatric, and cognitive disorders
Authors: Camacho‐Conde Jose Antonio , del Rosario Gonzalez‐Bermudez Maria , Carretero‐Rey Marta , Khan Zafar U.
Published: October 2022

Treatment for brain diseases has been disappointing because available medications have failed to produce clinical response across all the patients. Many patients either do not respond or show partial and inconsistent effect, and even in patients who respond to the medications have high relapse rates. Brain stimulation has been seen as an alternative and effective remedy. As a result, brain stimulation has become one of the most valuable therapeutic tools for combating against brain diseases. In last decade, studies with the application of brain stimulation techniques not only have grown exponentially but also have expanded to wide range of brain disorders. Brain stimulation involves passing electric currents into the cortical and subcortical area brain cells with the use of noninvasive as well as invasive methods to amend brain functions. Over time, technological advancements have evolved into the development of precise devices; however, at present, most used noninvasive techniques are repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), whereas the most common invasive technique is deep brain stimulation (DBS). In the current review, we will provide an overview of the potential of noninvasive (rTMS and tDCS) and invasive (DBS) brain stimulation techniques focusing on the treatment of mental, psychiatric, and cognitive disorders.
Constitution and development of the European Union's penal jurisdiction: Responsibility, self‐reference and attribution
Authors: Caeiro Pedro
Published: October 2022

This article looks at how and why the EU has been/can be endowed with powers over criminal matters, within the framework of the theory of jurisdiction. It examines the extent to which the specific responsibility of the EU for the protection of certain legal interests justifies the establishment of a (peripheral) jurisdiction. Member States (MS) can confer such powers upon the EU, but this attribution must be consistent with their domestic obligations and limitations on state action. A crucial distinction is established between exclusive and shared responsibility: the former concerns the protection of ‘institutional legal interests’ exclusive to the EU, whereas the latter relates to ‘functional legal interests’, which also fall within the remit of Member States but are moulded or significantly affected by EU policies. It is argued that this differentiation should translate into the type of acts adopted, which may require some adaptations to traditional guarantees such as the legality principle.
Manganese‐enhanced porous phosphoric acid–based geopolymer templated by carbon for efficient NH3‐SCR of NOx
Authors: Liu Li Cai , Zhang Yao Jun , Chen Hao , He Pan Yang , Li Chan Juan , Meng Qian
Published: October 2022

Geopolymer‐based ceramics as catalysts or catalyst supports have attracted tremendous interests in recent years owing to their low‐cost and zeolite‐like structure characteristics. However, most of the reported works focus on alkaline‐based geopolymers, whereas the catalytic performance of acid based geopolymer has not yet been evaluated. This study aims to investigate the application potential of phosphoric acid–based geopolymer (PAG) for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx with NH3. To this end, the SCR reactivity of PAG and metal oxide (MnOx)‐loaded PAG were evaluated. Moreover, an activated carbon‐based hard template route was proposed for further enhancing the SCR reactivity of the PAG‐based catalyst. The as‐prepared catalyst under the optimal condition exhibited a high NO conversion greater than 85% in a wide temperature range of 250–350°C, which is among the top literature‐reported values, demonstrating its promising application prospect. A systematical X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer–Emmet–Teller, NH3‐temperature‐programed desorption, and H2‐temperature‐programed reduction spectroscopic analyses were also conducted to better understand the structure evolution of PAG under elevated temperature and the SCR catalytic mechanism of the acid‐based geopolymer catalysts. This study would provide valuable information on the potential application prospect of PAG and its modified form for efficient NOx removal.
Effects of SiC on phase transformation and microstructure of spark plasma sintered α/β‐SiAlON composite ceramics
Authors: Yu Kejuan , Yin Zengbin , Guo Fuzhou , Yuan Juntang
Published: October 2022

α/β‐SiAlON/SiC composite ceramic tool materials were prepared via spark plasma sintering. The effects of content and size of SiC particles and sintering temperature on phase composition, mechanical properties, and microstructure were investigated. The results indicated that SiC restrained the transformation of β‐SiAlON to α‐SiAlON, but higher SiC content (≥10 wt.%) resulted in a higher Vickers hardness of the composite. The large size of SiC particles raised the densification temperature of α/β‐SiAlON composites, and small SiC particles benefited to improve microstructure. There were more equiaxed α‐SiAlON grains and β‐SiAlON with a larger aspect ratio ( = 5.1) in the α/β‐SiAlON composite containing 100 nm SiC. The sample containing 10 wt.% 100 nm SiC particles sintered at 1700°C had the optimal properties with a Vickers hardness and fracture toughness of 18.5 ± .2 GPa, 6.4 ± .2 MPa m1/2, respectively.
Improvements in skin quality parameters in postmenopausal participants after use of topical growth factor serum
Authors: Gold Michael H. , Wilson April , Makino Elizabeth , Mehta Rahul
Published: October 2022

Background

Photodamage can induce skin aging processes that can be particularly concerning for postmenopausal women. Growth factors from hypoxic human fibroblast‐conditioned media have demonstrated improvements in skin quality parameters.

Aims

The aim of the study was to assess efficacy and tolerability of topical combination‐treatment hypoxic growth factor serum (TNS A+) in postmenopausal women with moderate to severe facial photodamage.

Patients/Methods

In this 12‐week, open‐label, single‐center study, participants used TNS A+ serum twice daily. Postmenopausal women (40–65 years of age) with Fitzpatrick skin types I–VI and modified Griffiths scale scores 4–9 were eligible. Clinical and participant‐reported assessments were evaluated at Weeks 6 and 12. Statistical significance was defined as p ≤ 0.05.

Results

There were 17 enrolled participants. TNS A+ treatment demonstrated significant improvements from baseline in fine lines and wrinkles in periocular, forehead, and cheek areas at Week 12 and the perioral area at Weeks 6 and 12. Significant improvements from baseline in coarse lines and wrinkles were observed for the perioral area at Week 12 and periocular and cheek areas at Weeks 6 and 12. Improvements in overall photodamage, skin tone evenness, and tactile roughness were significantly greater at Weeks 6 and 12 versus baseline. Most participants reported TNS A+ made their skin look and feel smooth, soft, and rejuvenated; improved skin radiance; made lines and wrinkles less apparent; and improved skin texture. No treatment‐related adverse events were reported.

Conclusions

The TNS A+ regimen was well tolerated and provided significant improvements in skin quality in postmenopausal women with moderate to severe facial photodamage.
The cross‐modal effect of color and roughness on the perception of spiciness
Authors: Wang Han , Yang Guangyu , Zheng Chundong
Published: October 2022

This study focuses on the cross‐modal correspondence of perception of spiciness produced by the two attributes of color saturation and roughness of hot sauce. There are four experiments in total: Experiment 1 investigated whether red hot sauce generates the strongest expected spiciness after expanding the color selection; Experiment 2 considers the effects of both hot sauce color saturation and roughness attributes on expected spiciness; Experiment 3 explored how different information processing channels affect expected spiciness; and Experiment 4 investigated whether saturation and roughness further affect the actual perceived spiciness and how different information processing channels affect actual spiciness. Results showed that after selecting seven colors, red hot sauce still generates the strongest expected spiciness. Higher saturation of hot sauce color and roughness of the sauce also lead to stronger, expected spiciness. In addition, different processing channels had different effects on saturation and roughness. In expected spiciness, visual processing is an important boundary condition for both attributes, leading to higher expected spiciness. However, in actual perceived spiciness, visual processing is an important boundary condition that leads to higher actual perceived spiciness, though roughness does not have this effect.

Practical Applications

Hot sauce is a common condiment, widely used in food preparation around the world. This study offers important ideas for product and package design of spicy foods, showing how the product itself and its package design can affect consumers' expected and actual perceived spiciness. Manufacturers of spicy food, restaurants, and supermarkets can use these ideas to differentiate saturation, roughness, and package size in product and package design to produce different expected and actual perceived spiciness cross‐modal correspondences to promote sales.
Evaluation of global terrestrial near‐surface wind speed simulated by CMIP6 models and their future projections
Authors: Shen Cheng , Zha Jinlin , Li Zhibo , Azorin‐Molina Cesar , Deng Kaiqiang , Minola Lorenzo , Chen Deliang
Published: October 2022

We evaluate the performance of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) models in simulating the observed global terrestrial near‐surface wind speed (NSWS) and project its future changes under three different Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs). Results show that the CESM2 has the best ability in reproducing the observed NSWS trends, although all models examined are generally not doing well. Based on projections of CESM2, the global NSWS will decrease from 2021 to 2100 under all three SSPs. The projected NSWS declines significantly over the north of 20°N, especially across North America, Europe, and the mid‐to‐high latitudes of Asia; meanwhile, it increases over the south of 20°N. Under SSP585, there would be more light‐windy days and fewer strong‐windy days than those under SSP245, which leads to a significant global NSWS decline. Robust hemispheric‐asymmetric changes in the NSWS could be due to the temperature gradient in the two hemispheres under global warming, with −1.2%, −3.5%, and −4.1% in the Northern Hemisphere, and 0.8%, 1.0%, and 1.5% in the Southern Hemisphere, for the near‐term (2021–2040), mid‐term (2041–2060), and long‐term (2081–2100), respectively.
Estimating skills level in recreational skiing: Development and validation of a practical multidimensional instrument
Authors: Luppino Floriana Samantha , den Hollander‐Gijsman Margien Elisabeth , Dekker Friedo Wilhelm , Bartlema Kornelis Alexander , van Diepen Merel
Published: October 2022

Skiing and snowboarding are both popular recreational alpine sports, with substantial injury risk of variable severity. Although skills level has repeatedly been associated with injury risk, a validated measure to accurately estimate the actual skills level without objective assessment is missing. This study aimed to develop a practical validated instrument, to better estimate the actual skills level of recreational skiers, based on the criteria of the Dutch Skiing Federation (DSF), and covering five different skill domains. A sample of Dutch recreational skiers (n = 84) was asked to fill in a questionnaire reflecting seven, a priori chosen predictors by expert opinion, to ski downhill and to be objectively evaluated by expert assessors. The instrument was developed to have a multidimensional character and was validated according to the TRIPOD guideline (Transparent reporting of a multivariable prediction model for individual prognosis or diagnosis). The sample reported an overall incorrect self‐reported estimation of their skills, compared with the observed skill score. The instrument showed good calibration and underwent multiple validation methods. The estimated skills score showed to be closer to the observed scores, than self‐reportage. Our study provides a practical, multidimensional, and validated instrument to estimate the actual skills level. It proved to better reflect the actual skills levels compared with self‐reportage among recreational skiers.