bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Distant changes in the assessment of the microcirculation with neuropathic and neuroischemic forms of diabetic foot syndrome
Authors: Kotslova A. A. , Volkov V. A. , Zinchenko A. V. , Mitreikin V. F. , Davidenko V. V. , Vlasov T. D.
Published: December 2018

The endothelial dysfunction (ED) in diabetic foot syndrome (DFS) is manifested in the imbalance between the formation of vasodilating and vasoconstrictive substances, not only in the affected area (lower limb), but in the other areas of the peripheral circulation (skin of dorsum of the hand). The aim of this study was the comparative evaluation of endothelial function in patients with neuropathic and neuroischemic forms of DFS in the remote skin tissue, that is, skin. Laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) was used to assess skin perfusion. The study was conducted in patients with neuropathic and neuroischemic forms of diabetic foot receiving standard hospital treatment at the surgical ward of complicated forms of diabetic foot syndrome in the St. Petersburg's City Hospital 14. Control group comprised patients with proven absence of manifestations of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. In patients with neuropathic and neuroischemic forms of DFS the significant decrease in microcirculation in the skin was observed. Assessment of the functional state of endothelium in patients with neuropathic and neuroischemic forms of DFS was conducted using functional tests (cold test and iontophoresis of acetylcholine or nitroglycerine). We found significant decrease in endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent vasodilatation, which was more prominent in neuroischemic forms of DFS.
Comparison of circulatory disorders in the lungs revealed by X-ray and single-photon emission computed tomography with articular changes in magnetic resonance imaging in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Amosova N. A. , Speranskaya A. A. , Zolotnitskaya V. P. , Nesterovich I. I. , Nochevnaya K. V.
Published: December 2018

Introduction. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) affects not only the joints but also other organs. Lung disease is one of the leading manifestations of RA, and detection of these changes remains a diagnostic challenge. Delayed diagnosis of pulmonary involvement in the pathogenesis of RA often leads to development of severe forms which aggravate prognosis and decrease of the quality of life. Identify the characteristics and prognostic significance of CT and SPECT symptoms involving respiratory system in patients with RA depending on the stage of the disease and the destruction of hand joints as detected by MRI. Methods. To evaluate favorable and unfavorable predictors of RA clinical course and detect changes in the lung using modern methods of imaging: magnetic resonance, computed tomography and single-photon emission computed tomography. Results. A set of signs identified by CT and SPECT was analyzed corresponding to the presence of different types of erosions detected by MRI. Pleural adhesions, symptoms of bronchial obstruction (uneven ventilation, «air trap»), and signs of vasculitis were observed in all stages of the disease. With the progression of the disease, bullous emphysema-type deforming bronchitis symptoms and associated comorbid processes in the lung tissue were observed. Conclusions. For all types of active RA in patients with a high frequency revealed signs of bronchial obstruction and concomitant manifestations of vasculitis. These results require the inclusion of X-ray and single photon emission computed tomography of the chest in the algorithm of diagnostic evaluation of the patients with RA to identify and assess changes related primarily to the blood circulation, have prognostic significance and impact on treatment regimen.
A study of the microcirculation of the skin and eyelids in patients with rosacea by laser doppler flowmetry
Authors: Shrubey V. A. , Tkachenko S. B. , Tepluk N. P.
Published: December 2018

Introduction and aim. Currently, the study of the pathogenesis of rosacea is very important on disorders of microcirculation. Due to the feature of the structure of the eyelid skin microcirculation disorders learning in this area seems an urgent task. The aim of the study was to study the microcirculation of the face skin and eyelid skin in patients with rosacea by laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) before and after treatment with tacrolimus ointment 0.1 % and 15 % azelaic acid gel, Blefarogel 2 and Blefaroloson. Mathereals and methods. The study involved 70 patients with different clinical forms of rosacea. Patients surveyed microcirculation in the skin of the face and eyelid skin by laser Doppler flowmetry. Patients were divided into 2 groups: who applied 0.1 % tacrolimus ointment on the skin of the face and eyelids and who applied 15 % azelaic acid gel on the face skin, Blefarogel 2 and Blefaroloson on the eyelid skin. A month study was conducted again to measure the effectiveness of the therapy. Results and discussion. Patients with rosacea marked increase in IM (index of microcirculation) in the face skin and the affected eyelid skin. The study of amplitude-frequency spectrum of LDF-grams of the face skin revealed stagnation in the arterial and in the affected eyelids skin - in the venous link microvasculature. In both groups of patients background therapy showed a significant improvement of microcirculation parameters. Conclusions. Laser Doppler flowmetry is an effective method for the investigation of violations of the microcirculation in the skin and the affected eyelid skin in rosacea, as well as to evaluate the effectiveness of therapy in these patients.
Myogenic vasomotions in postmenopausal women with normoglycemia, prediabetes and diabetes mellitus type 2
Authors: Iskhakova I. S. , Ruyatkina L. A. , Nikolaev K. Y. , Ruyatkin D. S.
Published: December 2018

The aim of the study. Estimate microcirculatory parameters of myogenic range in postmenopausal women with normoglycemia, prediabetes and diabetes mellitus type 2. Material and methods. Among the surveyed 94 women (58.0 (53.0; 63.0) years old), in the natural menopause (duration 7.0 (2.0; 13.0) years), depending on the status of carbohydrate metabolism (WHO, 2011) by measuring the levels of glycated hemoglobin, we identified three groups: group 1 (n = 52) - with diabetes mellitus 2 type, 2 (n = 16) - with prediabetes, 3 (n = 26) - with normoglycaemia. We evaluated anthropometric and biochemical parameters; microcirculation was assessed by laser Doppler flowmetry. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS software (version 17.0). The level of statistical significance of differences was at p ≤ 0.05. Results. Women with impaired glucose metabolism (group 1 and 2) with increased abdominal fat deposition have the elevated basal vasospasm and impaired microvascular reactivity due to increased myogenic tone. We found that group 1 has negative association of LDF parameters of myogenic range with blood pressure and duration of hypertension. We identified that increasing concentrations of atherogenic lipids contribute to basal and postocclusive vasodilation independently of the state of glucose metabolism. Conclusion. Identified associations and differences in the LDF parameters of myogenic range at the basal and reperfusion microcirculation reflect the increase of vasospasm and microcirculatory disturbances during progression of carbohydrate metabolism disorders in postmenopausal women.
The role of connexin structures (gap-junction and hemichannels) in the pathogenesis of ischemic brain damage: status update on the problem
Authors: Melnikova E. V. , Shmonin A. A. , Paramonov N. M. , Mishchenko K. A.
Published: December 2018

This review is devoted to a discussion of the dual role of connexin intercellular structures and gap junction (GJ) in normal and cerebral ischemia. The review describes the structure and form of connexin structures such as gap junctions and hemichannels. It is shown that the properties of connexin structures depend on the connexins. We describe a substance that can be transported through connexin structure. The data on the possible increase in the number of GJ after ischemia/cerebral hypoxia. A hypothesis about the development of post-ischemic neuronal syncytium formation by GJ. We discuss ways of blocking of GJ to reduce post-ischemic brain damage.
Interrelationship of dyslipidemia with indicators of regional hemodynamics in patients with atherosclerosis of the visceral branches of the abdominal aorta
Authors: Kuznetsova A. S.
Published: December 2018

Introduction and aim - to determine the relationship of dyslipidemia and endothelial shear rate in the unpaired visceral arteries in patients with atherosclerosis in the abdominal aorta pool. Mathereals and methods. The study included 50 people. All patients were examined by a single protocol. Conduct a full clinical-laboratory and instrumental examination, supplemented by the following laboratory parameters: total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides, HDL, LDL, apolipoprotein A1, apolipoprotein B, Remnant cholesterol calculated using the formula: total cholesterol - (HDL+LDL). All patients underwent Doppler ultrasound unpaired branches of the abdominal aorta ultrasound scanner Voluson E6 (General Electric) was performed, Toshiba Aplio 500. Measurement of the shear rate (shear rate) is determined by the formula: SR=4xVpeak/Vd, Vpeak - peak flow rate visceral branches of the abdominal aorta, Vd - end-diastolic diameter of the visceral branches of the abdominal aorta. Results and discussion. The analysis of the various characteristics of the regional blood flow showed lower values of shear rate in the celiac trunk in patients with atherosclerosis of the visceral branches of the aorta. In the group of patients with abdominal aortic atherosclerosis pool demonstrated significantly lower levels of HDL, higher levels of VLDL, atherogenic factor, apolipoprotein B, triglycerides and Remnant cholesterol. Correlation analysis revealed an inverse association between the level of Remnant cholesterol and shear rate in the celiac trunk (r = -0.284, p = 0.04). Conclusions. The development of atherosclerosis in the celiac trunk and/or the superior mesenteric artery is associated with higher triglycerides, VLDL, Remnant cholesterol, apoliporoteinom B. In patients with atherosclerosis of visceral arteries decrease in endothelial shear rate in the celiac trunk was correlated with increased levels of Remnant cholesterol.
Endothelial shear rate, local and regional vascular stiffness in patients in different stages of atherogenesis
Authors: Genkel V. V. , Salachenko A. O. , Alekseeva O. A. , Shaposhnik I. I.
Published: December 2018

Introduction and purpose. Endothelial cells are subjected to biomechanical stress produced by the bloodstream and tunica media of the vessel. Vascular stiffness and endothelial shear stress have cooperative effects on the endothelial structure and function. However, the relationship of shear stress and arterial stiffness is still poorly understood. The purpose of the study was to assess the relationship of endothelial shear rate and both local and regional vascular stiffness in patients at different stages of the development of atherosclerosis. Methods. The study included 60 patients, 33 men and 27 women. The average age of patients was 54.8±11.7 years. Regional arterial stiffness was assessed by measurement of the pulse wave velocity in the arteries of elastic and muscular types. Local stiffness of the carotid arteries was characterized by Peterson elastic modulus, Young's modulus, stiffness index β, the deformation of the common carotid artery. Endothelial shear rate was measured at the site of the common carotid artery. Results. Average values of carotid endothelial shear rate were equal to 433±127 s-1. Reduced endothelial shear rate in the carotid arteries was associated with an increased Peterson modulus (r = -0.289; p = 0.025) and the stiffness index β (r = -0.280; p = 0.037), and moreover - with decreasing vascular distensibility (r = 0.288; p = 0.026) and deformation (r = 0.296; p = 0.024). Assessment of the relationship between endothelial shear rate and regional vascular stiffness showed weak statistically significant negative correlation of shear rate and PWVcf (r = -0.367; p = 0.014). Conclusion. In study subjects endothelial shear rate reduction in the area of the common carotid artery was associated with an increased Peterson modulus, stiffness index β, decreasing deformation of carotid arteries and increase in aortic stiffness.
The role of endothelium dysfunction in the pathogenesis of vascular ocular diseases
Authors: Astakhov Yu. S. , Tultseva S. N. , Titarenko A. I.
Published: December 2018

Vascular endothelium plays the key role in the control of vascular tone due to release of vasoactive substances. Reduction of retinal, choroidal and optic nerve head blood flow is above all a result of misbalance between endothelium-produced vasoconstrictors and vasodilators mainly ET-1 and NO. NO is involved in the maintenance of choroidal, optic nerve head and retinal basal blood flow. Combination of NO deficiency and overproduction of ET-1 is accompanied by diabetic retinopathy, glaucomatous optic nerve atrophy, retinal vascular occlusion and other ocular disease. In the review, the role of endothelium dysfunction in the pathogenesis of vascular ocular diseases and the advisability of drugs inclusion for correction of endothelium dysfunction in the medical therapies complex are discussed.
Ocular pulse amplitude in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome
Authors: Potemkin V. V. , Ageeva E. V.
Published: December 2018

Pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PEX) is a relatively widespread generalized age-related disease, in which abnormal fibrillar extracellular material is produced and accumulates in many tissues. It seems reasonable to evaluate ocular pulse amplitude in patients with PEX. Purpose. To evaluate ocular pulse amplitude in patients with PEX. Methods. 460 eyes of 230 patients were enrolled in the prospective study. We evaluated ocular pulse amplitude and perfusion pressure. Results. Difference in perfusion pressure between groups was not significant. Ocular pulse amplitude was significantly lower in patients with PEX. Conclusion. Ocular pulse amplitude decrease indicates damage of ocular blood flow.
Comparison of results of treatment varicose vein disease using a method of endovenous laser oblitetation with radial light guide and combined phlebectomy
Authors: Galileeva A. N. , Parikov M. A. , Karpovich V. B. , Kotslova A. A. , Davydenko V. V.
Published: December 2018

We compare the short- and long-term efficacy of endovenous laser oblitetation (EVLO) using a radial fiber with radial emission versus combined phlebectomy for the surgical treatment of varicose vein disease of the lower extremities. Participated 58 patients (46 females, 12 males) with ages ranging between 24 and 75 years with varicose vein disease of the lower extremities affecting the great saphenous vein (GSV) were prospectively enrolled in this observational trial. Patients were randomized to receive either combined phlebectomy - first group - 29 patients (33 extremities) or endovenous laser obliteration using a radial fiber-second group - 29 patients (36 extremities). A total of 69 extremities with functional classes C2 - 28 (40.58 %) cases, C3 - 30 (43.48 %) cases and C4 - 11 (15.94 %) cases according to CEAP classification were treated. Post-treatment CIVIQ-2 Questionnaire and VCSS scale, physical examination, duplex angioscan was conducted at 1st day, 1 week, 12 and 36 months later. The frequency of recurrence was assessed at one and three years after the surgery. 2nd group is characterized by higher quality of life in postoperative period. 100 % ablation in group with EVLO and 93.1 % - with combined phlebectomy. The frequency of recurrence presenting with new visible varicose veins was noted through 3 year in 8 patients (9 extremities) (34 %) from first group and in 4 patients (6 extremities) (21 %) from the second of 80 % examined patients. Endovenous laser obliteration has significant advantages in short-term efficacy: lower post-procedure pain, quicker rehabilitation period, possibility to carry out in outpatient settings, higher quality of life in long-term efficacy, lower frequency of recurrence.
Markers of endothelial dysfunction
Authors: Vasina L. V. , Petrishchev N. N. , Vlasov T. D.
Published: December 2018

Endothelial dysfunction is considered as a universal non-specific link in the pathogenesis of many diseases, primarily the cardiovascular system. This review is devoted to the discussion of the main functions of the endothelium and mechanisms for their implementation. One of the most striking features of endothelial cells is their morphological heterogeneity, which allows us to identify several typical forms of endothelial dysfunction (vasomotor, hemostatic, adhesion and angiogenous). Also, the review presents the most promising predictors of cardiovascular diseases and their complications among endothelial damage markers.
Microcirulatory changes caused by experimental light induced desynchronosis
Authors: Ivanov A. N. , Zlobina O. V. , Zhurkin K. I. , Nikolashkina A. D. , Bugaeva I. O. , Fedonnikov A. S. , Norkin I. A.
Published: December 2018

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of disability and mortality in Russia, which determines the topicality of investigations devoted to risk factors of their development and progression. Considering the complex physiological regulatory mechanisms of the circulatory system, that cause circadian changes of its functioning, light-induced desynchronosis may act as one of the risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of light desynchronosis on the microcirculation in white rats. Materials and methods. The study was carried out on 20 white male rats, which were divided into two groups: experimental - 10 rats exposed to the change light-mode and control - animals in natural light-mode. Microcirculation was measured by laser Doppler flowmetry. Main results. At the stage of temporary mismatch (the first day of the experiment) microcirculation disorders were mild and manifested by a moderate increase in myogenic tone, which did not lead to significant perfusion shifts. The decrease of skin perfusion was found at the stage of regulatory violations of light-induced desynchronosis, that was accompanied by changes of both passive and active flow modulation mechanisms intensity. Skin perfusion decrease was maintained up to 21st day of the experiment and at the stage of structural defects was accompanied by a marked inhibition of the total blood flow modulation due to reduction of endothelial, myogenic, cardiac and respiratory oscillations. Conclusions. Light-induced desynchronosis causes the microcirculatory disturbances occurrence and gradually development in association with violation of neurogenic and myogenic microvascular tone, as well as endothelial dysfunction. The progression of these disorders reflects its negative influence on the circulatory system regulatory mechanisms that suggests consideration of light-induced desynchronosis as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
The impact of vascularization of interangiosomic zone in extended fasciocutaneous flap on its survival quality without pharmacological remedies and in conditions of antihypoxic tissue therapy
Authors: Shchudlo N. A. , Shchurova E. N. , Varsegova T. N. , Shchudlo M. M.
Published: December 2018

A flap on the basis of the superficial inferior epigastric artery (SIEA) extended cranially was formed in 24 rats and replanted after 90-minute femoral artery clipping at the point of SIEA embranchment. Mexidol was injected intramuscularly 30 or 60 minutes before the operation with repeated injection in 2 hours after it (E1 or E2 groups). Control (C) - injections of physiological solution. Methods: ultrasound flowmetry, computer-assisted planimetry of digital images of outer and inner flaps surfaces, histomorphometry, immunohistochemistry. 12 days after surgery in E1 and E2 the per cent area of epidermal defects significantly smaller than in C. The vascular pattern in inter-angiosome zone provide evidence that in E2 the intussusceptive mechanism of angiogenesis was predominant, resulting in increased in comparison with placebo and E2 capillarity of skin vascular plexuses, better liability of skin appendages and hypodermal fat tissue.
Characteristic of the cerebral cortex microcirculation after ischemia
Authors: Gorshkova O. P. , Shuvaeva V. N.
Published: December 2018

Introduction. The outcome of ischemia is depending on a condition of microcirculatory bed. The important factor in development of cerebral ischemia is regulation of microvascular function, influencing both perfusion and oxygenation of cerebral tissue. The aim of the current study was to examine the time course of micirculatory changes in rat cerebral cortex, as well as to assess the changes in oscillatory components of myogenic, neurogenic and endothelial levels of cortical microvessel tone within 21 days after ischemia. Methods. Transient global cerebral ischemia was induced in anesthetized Wistar rats by clamping of both common carotid arteries for 12 min with simultaneous controlled hypotension to 45±3 mm Hg, followed by blood reinfusion and recovering from anesthesia. Five different groups of rats were re-anesthetized at 1 hour and 2, 7, 14 or 21 days after ischemia and subjected to studies using continuous wavelet transform analysis of laser Doppler flowmetry. Results. In the first 7 days of the post-ischemic period, peripheral resistance was reduced in the cerebral cortex, which was associated with domination of nutritive blood flow. By 14th day after ischemia it resulted in the blood stagnation connected with development of endothelial dysfunction. From 14th to 21st day post-ischemia, the increase of shunt blood flow was noted. It was possibly a consequence of blood shunting processes happening in a cerebral cortex bypassing a nutritive level that prevents microcirculation from congestion. Conclusions. It is established that transient global cerebral ischemia results in significant changes of microcirculation in cerebral cortex lasting at least 3 weeks after ischemia. Initial dominant nutritive blood flow is probably due to blood congestion because of endothelial dysfunction. Three weeks post-ischemia, it is followed by increase in shunt blood flow that can prevent blood congestion in microcirculatory vascular bed.
Microcirculation and Hemorheology: points of interaction
Authors: Muravyov A. V. , Mikhailov P. V. , Tikhomirova I. A.
Published: December 2018

Transport of respiratory gases and the entire spectrum of substances for the metabolism of cells is carried out by coordinated work of circulation and blood. The review considers the main theoretical and experimental studies on microcirculation and hemorheology with an emphasis on the mechanisms of their interrelation and on the influence of individual hemorheological characteristics on the regulation of microvascular tissue perfusion. The analysis of the leading microrheological characteristics of erythrocytes - deformability is performed, the signal molecular mechanisms associated with the change of this cell parameter are shown. Data on the role of erythrocytes in the regulation of arteriolar tonus and functional density of capillaries are given. The mechanism of this regulation by exocytosis with erythrocytes adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and its stimulation of nitric oxide synthesis by endothelial cells is discussed. The review performed a comprehensive analysis of the participation of major hemorheological characteristics in the regulation of microvascular perfusion, including the role of the optimal viscosity of whole blood and the viscosity of plasma for effective tissue perfusion and oxygenation.
Color Doppler for retinopathy of prematurity
Authors: Tereshchenko A. V. , Trifanenkova I. G. , Panamareva S. V.
Published: December 2018

The data about use of color Doppler method to study the characteristics of eye blood flow in the preterm infants with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) are presented in the review. The greatest attention is paid to arterial blood flow examination, and there are only single studies about venous blood flow in ROP. The results presented in different sources indicate on color Doppler informativity in the diagnostics of ROP, however, they are ambiguous and contradictory. It points to the necessity for the further studies on generalization and systematization of the eye blood flow characteristics in the disease, and also on recognition of the most useful indicators for assessing the severity of the pathological process, predicting its course and determining of the optimal management and treatment tactics for patients with ROP.
Analysis of time derivative of the temperature response of fingers on the brachial occlusion and its relationship with hemodynamic parameters
Authors: Sagaidachnyi A. A. , Fomin A. V.
Published: December 2018

Objective. The aim of the study was to analyze the time derivative of temperature response of finger phalanges to brachial occlusion and to establish the relationship between the parameters of temperature dynamics and hemodynamic parameters. Materials and methods. To analyze the response to the occlusion, the methods of dynamic thermography and photoplethysmography (PPG) were used. The parameters of the temperature reaction on occlusion in a group of 60 healthy subjects were analyzed. The Shitzer model was used to establish the relationship between temperature dynamics and peripheral hemodynamics. Results. Parameters describing the temperature response of the fingers on occlusion were introduced. It is shown that the time to reach the maximum of the temperature derivative during post-occlusion corresponds to the maximum of the volumetric blood flow. A coefficient of symmetry is proposed that characterizes the curve of the hemodynamic response of the extremity vessels to a sharp restoration of blood flow after removal of the occlusion. The parameters of temperature dynamics paralleled to the changes in hemodynamic parameters. Conclusions. To compare the results of temperature measurements and results of optical methods of blood flow estimation it is advisable to use not the temperature signal but its first derivative. The use of temperature parameters, expressed in degrees, creates the conditions for the development of a quantitative approach to the description of the hemodynamic response to occlusion. The results of the study contribute to the development of noninvasive methods of diagnosing endothelial dysfunction as a harbinger of atherosclerosis.
Comparative results of different methods of arterial reconstruction in the patients with critical stenosis of the femoral-popliteal-tibial segment
Authors: Koidan A. A. , Batalin I. V. , Vavilov V. N. , Kaputin M. Y. , Atmadzas A. V. , Atmadzas K. A. , Kuryanov P. S. , Gorin A. S.
Published: December 2018

Introduction. Critical limb ischemia (CLI), which arises from atherosclerotic lesions of the arteries is quite often presently. This problem is actively discussed all over the world. In addition to the disability of the patients due to limb loss, the death rate from this disease is comparable to mortality from malignant tumors. Objective. Evaluate immediate and long-term results and optimize treatment tactics for patients with critical limb ischemia in multilevel lesions of lower limb arteries. Materials and methods. The examination and treatment of patients with CLI was carried out in the Research Institute of Surgery and Urgent Medicine of the First State Medical University of Saint-Petersburg named by I. P. Pavlov, as well as on the basis of the City Clinical Hospital «City Hospital No. 14» and St. Petersburg Research Institute of Emergency Care named by I. I. Dzhanelidze in the period from 2005 to 2016. The study is conducted in patients with atherosclerotic lesion of the main arteries of the lower extremities, which manifests itself as pain at rest and/or tissue loss (stage 3-4 of chronic arterial insufficiency of the limb according to Fontein-Pokrovsky classification). Results. Clinical success of all kinds of interventions was achieved in 166 (88.8 %) patients. However, the negative results were greater in the group where only angioplasty of the lower limb arteries was performed. Long-term results could be traced in 108 (57.8 %) patients for 6 months - 5 years. If we consider all groups as a whole, then the aggravation of ischemia occurred in endovascular intervention group in 62 % of patients, in the group of bypass operations - in 19.61 %, and in the group of hybrid interventions - in 17.65 %. Conclusion. Hybrid methods of treatment are the method of choice for patients with stage 4 ischemia of the lower limb with multilevel lesions of lower extremity arteries. Open surgery on the arteries of the lower extremities remains a very effective method of treating patients with critical ischemia. In turn, the use of endovascular methods is advisable in patients with severe concomitant pathology.
A new protocol for isoheart rat kydney blood perfusion
Authors: Minasian S. M. , Mamedov A. E. , Poleshenko Ja. I. , Scvortchov A. E. , Reznik O. N. , Kutenkov A. A. , Galagudza M. M. , Sonin D. L. , Karpov A. A. , Berko O. M. , Dmitriev Y. V. , Vlasov T. D.
Published: December 2018

Introduction and the purpose of the work. The perfusion of isolated laboratory animal organs is important for estimation of the effectiveness of methods elaborated for donor organ preservation. Materials and methods. Hemoperfusion of isolated rat kidney was performed after long-term hypothermal ischemia in order to reproduce reperfusion for the subsequent estimation of morphological changes in the cloth of nephritic parenchyma. Results. This method proved to be effective and technically simpler than different modifications of the classical procedure of kidney transplantation in small laboratory animals. Conclusions. The proposed procedure is an alternative to the classical kidney transplantation if reperfusion is required in an acute experiment for several hours.
Matrix metalloproteinases: role in the development of myocardial postinfarction remodeling
Authors: Prudnikov A. R. , Schupakova A. N.
Published: December 2018

The review is focused on the role of matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors in the development of myocardial remodeling after infarction of the heart muscle. the article describes the structural features of proteases and their function in the body, levels of control of their synthesis and their action function together with the natural inhibitors. The paper shows data of numerous authors, which reflect information regarding the activity of metalloproteinases and their inhibitors at different times after the development of myocardial necrosis in humans and simulated heart attack in different animals.
Wire myography in modern scientific researches: methodical aspects
Authors: Zelinskaya I. A. , Toropova Ya. G.
Published: December 2018

In the present work modern approaches to investigation of isolated vessel's vasoactive properties with myography method were described. Authors give detailed illustrated description to the vessels preparation technique and order of actions during myography based on own experience and published data. Authors described approaches to investigate mechanical properties of vessel wall and vasoactive properties with wire myography method.
Endothelium functional state and evaluation of tissue hypoxia in patients at the moment of the transitorial ischemic attacks development
Authors: Vasilevskaya L. A. , Nechipurenko N. I. , Pashkouskaya I. D.
Published: December 2018

Purpose. To study microcirculatory, metabolic disturbances and the possibility of their correction in patients with transient ischemic attacks (TIA) when used in the complex treatment of laser hemotherapy (LH). Material and methods. We studied the vasomotor function of the endothelium, the parameters of carbohydrate-energy metabolism and lipid peroxidation (LPO) in the blood. Results. Endothelial dysfunction, increased lactate/ pyruvate ratio, increased LPO, low activity of superoxidedismutase were established. The complex treatment improves microcirculatory and metabolic parameters. Conclusions. It is recommended to include LH in the complex treatment of patients with TIA.
The microcirculatory changes in patients with intermittent claudication after endovascular restoration of main blood flow to the extremity
Authors: Streltsova N. N. , Vasilyev A. P. , Bessonov I. S. , Kolunin G. V.
Published: December 2018

The functional state of microvascular blood flow is the major pathogenic determinant in patients with intermittent claudication (IC). Revealing features of microcirculation (MC) shifts has been especially valuable after endovascular interventions. Purpose. To assess the alterations in MC profile after the restoration of main blood flow to affected extremity in patients with IC. Material and methods. MC was assessed by laser Doppler flowmehy in 37 patients before and 1 month after lower extremity angioplasty. Results. Restoration of main blood flow was associated with increased nutritional blood flow by 56.0 %, decreased arteriole-venule shunts by 30.7 % and venous congestion by 13.5 %. Conclusion. Endovascular interventions in patients with IC are associated with recovery of balance in MC processes.
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist diminishes endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetic patients
Authors: Simanenkova A. V. , Makarova M. N. , Vasina L. V. , Butomo M. I. , Dora S. V. , Shlyakhto E. V.
Published: December 2018

Objective. To evaluate liraglutide (LIR) endothelial protective action. Material and methods. Type 2 diabetic patients with HbA1C 7.5-9.0 % had metformin (MET) dose titrated for 3 months. Patients with HbA1C less than 7.5 % comprised group 1 (MET), more than 7.5 % - group 2 (MET+LIR). Blood concentrations of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), endothelin-1 (E) were evaluated at baseline, in 3, 6 and 9 months. Results. PAI-1 was increased in both groups and gradually decreased. T-PA was normal. E was primarily increased only in group 2. E was normal in group 1 in general, but enlarged with glycaemia increase. E decreased in group 2 with glycaemia improvement and worsening. Conclusions. Glycaemia control improvement decreases endothelial dysfunction. LIR improves vasomotor endothelial function, independently on its influence on glycaemia.
Rat’s behaviour in eight-arms maze after modeling of focal transient cerebral ischemia with subsequent activation of striatal microglia
Authors: Kolpakova M. E. , Filchenko I. A. , Trajkovski A. . , Tcyba D. L. , Kirik O. V. , Khan Arieb A. , Leipert A. . , Korzhevskii D. E. , Vlasov T. D.
Published: December 2018

It is well known that cognitive disorders at cerebral ischemia-reperfusion are followed by neuronal death. The inflammation of nervous tissue occurs, but the role of microgliocytes in neuroprotection is poorly understood. The aim of our work was to study microgliocytes in rats with cognitive disorders in delayed postischemic period after focal transient cerebral ischemia. In an experiment we used male rats (n=15), weighing 200-250. The model of focal brain ischemia was performed in anaesthetized rats (intraperitonealy, chloralhydrate 450 mg/kg). Microsurgical introduction monofilament to the left middle cerebral artery was made by J. Koizumi technique. Time of middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion was 30 minutes with the subsequent reperfusion period. Testing in eight-arm maze was performed within seven days twice with a two-day interval during which each animal carried out a 5-minute session 3 times with a 3-minute interval. For identification of microgliocytes used polyclonal goat antibodies to Iba1 antigen. At behavior assessment in an eight-arm maze there were errors of working memory revealed and prolongation of time of task performance. Cognitive disorders at cerebral ischemia, perhaps, serve as the neuroinflammation indicator. Microglia is likely involved in mechanisms of neuroprotection and compensation for cognitive disorders.
The possibility of assessing the viability of the intestinal wall of rabbits in experimental mesenterial thrombosis with the help of the device «Minimax-Doppler-K»
Authors: Andozhskaya Y. S. , Suslov D. N. , Novikova A. S. , Petrov N. A. , Karpovich V. B.
Published: December 2018

Experimental thrombosis of mesenteric vessels was caused by the upper mesenteric artery compression by 30 minutes at different levels in 7 rabbits. With the help of microcirculation prarameters registered by the device «Minimax-Doppler-K» and ad oculus evaluation the zones of intestinal wall ischemia caused by thrombosis were determined. It is revealed that the ad oculus ischemia zones are significantly less common in area than the ischemia zones registered with the help of the device. Subsequent studies can reduce the % of insolvency of the seams after operations.
A Study on Factors Affecting on Customer Intention to Use the Express Bus
Authors: Nguyen Van Phuong , Nguyen Hieu Trung , Le Toan Bao
Published: December 2018

The improvement of transit service quality is an essential role in developing urban and interstate transportation. The local government, as well as bus service companies, should understand the behavioral intention of passengers to meet their expectation and requirements. This paper aims to highlight such behavioral decision and investigate dominant factors that influence the customers’ decision to use the express bus. The study explores the case of express bus companies in Tay Ninh province, Vietnam. By using the structural equation model approach to analyze the data collected from 295 passengers, who have experienced in using the express bus, the results reveal that service quality has a significantly positive relationship with both perceived value and corporate image. Specifically, customer satisfaction and organizational image also positively influence behavioral intention. Meanwhile, service quality indirectly affects on behavioral intention throughout perceived value and corporate image. Based on the findings, we provided some insightful managerial implications and recommendations to managers of bus carriers, and valuable practical suggestions to policymakers in the local government of Tay Ninh province to improve the service quality to encourage more citizens to use the express bus.
THE The Development of Multicultural Education Implementation Model in Social Science Learning using Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL)
Authors: Musadad Akhmad Arif , I C. Dyah Sulistyaningrum , S Leo Agung
Published: December 2018

This research aimed to describe the development of multicultural education implementation model in Social Science learning using Contextual Teaching Learning (CTL) in Junior High Schools of Surakarta City, including: (1) description of model validation result by expert team, (2) description of model field trial result, and (3) description of final model form.

This research was conducted using research and development design. The subject of research consisted of students and Social Science teachers in Junior High Schools of Surakarta City. This research was conducted in three stages: (1) preliminary study, (2) model development, and (3) model evaluation. Preliminary study was conducted in the first year, and the result was used as the basis for conducting the next stage in the second year. In the second year, model was developed in the following procedure: (1) development and readability test, (2) model validation test by expert team, (3) model trial in the field, and (4) model perfection. The results of research were as follows. (1) Expert team’s evaluation on multicultural education implementation draft model and set in Social Science learning using CTL involve six aspects: a) learning model structure, b) learning model advantage, c) learning model effectiveness, d) learning model visibility, e) learning set, and f) learning guidance. The expert team’s mean score on learning draft model and set is 3.48. It means that expert team considered that multicultural education implementation model in Social Science using CTL is good. (2) Individual trial obtained mean score of 3.45. The mean score of group trial increased to 3.53 and the score of small-scale trial increased to 3.58. So, overall the participants of trial considered that the model developed was very good. (3) The final form of multicultural education implementation model in Social Science learning using CTL included: rationale, definition, syntax of model, and objective and learning implementation plan.

Keywords: Multicultural Education, Social Science,  Contextual Teaching Learning (CTL.

References
Causality between Gross Domestic Product and Health Care Expenditure in the Augmented Solow’s Growth Model
Authors: Heshmati Almas
Published: December 2018

This paper examines conditional convergence of OECD countries in gross domestic product (GDP) and health care expenditure (HCE) per capita. It extends the augmented Solow model by incorporating health capital to explain variations in output and expenditure per capita across countries. The issue of causality between GDP and HCE is investigated. The results show that HCE has positive effect on the economic growth and the speed of convergence. In the HCE model a regression of the speed of convergence on variables determining the rate of convergence show close link to the variables characterising the health care system of sample countries.
A FORMAÇÃO DO PEDAGOGO PARA O ENSINO DOS CONTEÚDOS MATEMÁTICOS NOS ANOS INICIAIS DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: Alves Kelvis Marlin , Vasconcelos Francisco José Mendes
Published: December 2018

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar sob a ótica dos professores pedagogos se a formação em pedagogia oferece condições para o domínio dos conteúdos matemáticos necessários ao processo de ensino e aprendizagem nos primeiros anos do Ensino Fundamental da rede municipal de Boa Vista-RR. O método de pesquisa utilizado foi pesquisa bibliográfica, descritiva, documental e de campo com abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa. Os instrumentos de coletas de dados foram questionários. Os resultados apontaram fragilidades no que se refere ao domínio dos conteúdos por parte dos professores que pode ser associada à falha na formação inicial dos professores pedagogos.

THE FORMATION OF THE PEDAGOGUE FOR THE TEACHING OF MATHEMATICAL CONTENT IN THE INITIAL YEARS OF BASIC EDUCATION

ABSTRACT

The aim of this article is to analyze, from the point of view of pedagogical teachers, if the pedagogical training offers conditions for the mastery of the mathematical contents necessary for the teaching and learning process in the first years of the Boa Vista-RR municipal school system. The research method used was bibliographic, descriptive, documentary and field research with a qualitative and quantitative approach. The instruments of data collection were questionnaires. The results pointed out fragilities regarding the content domain by the teachers that can be associated to the failure in the initial formation of pedagogical teachers.
ESBOÇO CRÍTICO DA PRODUÇÃO ARTÍSTICA COMO REALIDADE SOCIAL: CONVERGÊNCIAS E DIVERGÊNCIAS ENTRE PIERRE BOURDIEU E GILLES LIPOVETSKY E JEAN SERROY
Authors: Silva Antônio Micael Pontes da , Martins Elcimar Simão , Lima Antônio Ailton de Sousa
Published: December 2018

Este artigo é um convite crítico e reflexivo sobre a produção artística como realidade social a partir das obras de Pierre Bourdieu em A Economia das Trocas Simbólicas (2005) e Gilles Lipovetsky e Jean Serroy em A Estetização do Mundo (2015). A metodologia apresentada é de revisão de literatura pautada numa análise hermenêutica problematizadora das obras citadas, destacamos em Bourdieu: a) o campo das instâncias de consagração e difusão da arte e b) o mercado de bens simbólicos como sistema de produção, consumo e mercantilização da arte. E em Lipovetsky e Serroy: a compreensão da arte sobre a lógica de uma economia mercantil que é um processo de artealização capitalista da economia e de estetização da vida cotidiana, resultando num capitalismo transestético. Concluímos que as transformações acerca da estrutura do campo de produção artística como realidade social estão inteiramente ligadas aos interesses do mercado, sempre adotando novas estratégias de consumo sobre quem/como deve consumir e produzir; e de definições sobre o que é arte perante as dinâmicas capitalísticas da sociedade moderna. Todo o valor estético e poético da arte é dilacerado e transfigurado em produto que deve tão somente seduzir e vender gostos, desejos, emoções, sensações e sonhos.

CRITICAL OUTLINE OF ARTISTIC PRODUCTION AS A SOCIAL REALITY: CONVERGENCES AND DIVERGENCES BETWEEN PIERRE BOURDIEU AND GILLES LIPOVETSKY AND JEAN SERROY

ABSTRACT

This article is a critical and reflexive invitation on artistic production as a social reality from the works of Pierre Bourdieu in The Economics of Symbolic Exchanges (2005) and Gilles Lipovetsky and Jean Serroy in The Estetization of the World (2015). The methodology presented is a review of literature based on a problematic hermeneutical analysis of the works cited, we highlight in Bourdieu: a) the field of the consecration and diffusion of art and b) the symbolic goods market as a system of production, consumption and commodification of art. And in Lipovetsky and Serroy: the understanding of art on the logic of a mercantile economy, which is a process of capitalist artalization of economy and aestheticization of everyday life, resulting in a transaesthetic capitalism. We conclude that the transformations about the structure of the field of artistic production as a social reality are entirely linked to the interests of the market, always adopting new consumption strategies on who / how to consume and produce; and of definitions about what is art before the capitalistic dynamics of modern society. All the aesthetic and poetic value of art is torn and transfigured into a product that must only seduce and sell tastes, desires, emotions, sensations and dreams.
Medicalization of Childhood: Sociocultural Genealogy
Authors: Kukso Kseniya A.
Published: December 2018

The article reconstructs sociocultural genealogy of the process of childhood medicalization. The author reveals a social context that causes the establishment of medical regulation of various phenomena of a child’s existence as a norm in the contemporary European culture; some global anthropological effects of the regulation are demonstrated. Reconstructing the origin of childhood medicalization from the culture of charity institutions, the author determines interrelations between the modern project of children’s health protection and the process of control of children’s existence’s marginal phenomena and defines some existential consequences of the typical for the present medico-technological identity of childhood.
The Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius in the Context of the “Museum” Perception of the Pre-Revolutionary Russia
Authors: Gaganova Margarita A.
Published: December 2018

The article is devoted to the poorly explored question - the Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius as an object of culture in the pre-revolutionary period in the context of the problem of interrelation between the Church and society. The author compiles and analyses the examples of museum approaches to the interpretation and using of the Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius’ historical and artistic heritage, which builds the image of a National museum.