bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
YEREL BASINDA MUSTAFA KEMAL ATATÜRK’ÜN VEDASI VE SONRASINDA YAPILAN 10 KASIM ANMA TÖRENLERİ: ADANA, MERSİN ve TARSUS ÖRNEĞİ (1938-1950)
Authors: KALAFAT Oğuz
Published: December 2021

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin banisi Gazi Mustafa Kemal Atatürk 10 Kasım 1938 tarihinde Türk milletiyle vedalaştı. Ülkesine ve milletine kalıcı eserler bırakan Atatürk kendi milleti tarafından sevilen bir karakter ve liderdi. Atatürk’e karşı gösterilen sevgi ve saygı sadece yurt içinde değil yurt dışında da fazlaydı. Milletiyle birlikte emperyalizme karşı gösterdiği çaba ve devlet kurulduktan sonra çağdaşlaşma hareketleriyle devam eden süreç onun ebedi olarak tarihte yer almasını sağladı. Tüm ülkede olduğu gibi 1938-1950 yılları arası Çukurova’nın önemli kentleri olan Adana, Mersin ve Tarsus’ta o dönemde yayın yapan Türk Sözü, Yeni Adana, Demokrat, Seyhan, Keloğlan, Yeni Mersin, Gülek ve Berdan gazetelerinde Atatürk’ün vedası, büyük matem ve anma programlarının yansımaları aktarıldı. Çalışmada adı geçen gazetelerdeki yazı, şiir, beyanname, vecizeler, fotoğraflar, karikatürler ve kent programının uygulanması konusunda yer alan içerikler okuyucularla buluştu. Aslında Atatürk’ün vedası sonrası Türk milletinin Atasına yönelik hisleri de bir anlamda yerel bellek olan gazetelerden ortaya çıkarıldı. Ayrıca o dönemde Türkiye’de iktidarda tek parti yönetimi bulunmaktaydı. Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi (CHP) dönemi ile 1945-1950 yılları arası çok partili yaşama geçiş sürecinde basına yansıyan merasimlerdeki tüm içerikler çalışmada sunuldu. Bununla birlikte 14 Mayıs 1950 tarihinde Demokrat Parti’nin (DP) ülkenin iktidara geçtikten sonraki anma törenleri de çalışmaya eklendi. Atatürk politik gelişmelerden uzak ve siyaset üstü bir Türk kahramanı olarak Türk milletinin gönlünde yaşamaya devam etti. Vatandaşlar anma törenlerine yoğun katılım gösterdi. Türk milletinin üzüntüsü yıllar geçmesine rağmen azalmadı. Yerel basındaki her türlü içerik Atatürk’e duyulan özlemi de yansıtmaktaydı. Gazeteler tarafından Çukurova’da 10 Kasım anma programlarının genel anlamda ana mottosu ise “Büyük Matem” olarak veriliyordu. Siyah-beyaz formatta 10 Kasım sayılarını çıkaran gazeteler dönemin tüm dinamiklerine de ışık tutuyordu.
Diagnosis of coronary artery abnormalities in Kawasaki disease: recent guidelines and z score systems
Authors: Kim Sung Hye
Published: December 2021

Kawasaki disease, an acute systemic vasculitis affecting children, is the leading cause of acquired heart disease in developed countries. This vasculitis has a predilection for the coronary artery, and coronary artery abnormalities are the main criteria for its diagnosis. The diagnosis of coronary abnormalities has historically been based on dichotomous criteria, but recent guidelines have accepted the body surface area-adjusted z score system to define coronary abnormalities and classify coronary artery aneurysms. Z score systems have improved risk classifications of coronary aneurysms and improved correlations with clinical prognosis. However, the discrepancy of calculated z scores according to the formula has been noticed in the application of the z score system, which is possibly related to the diagnosis of coronary artery abnormalities. This variability was greater in larger coronary aneurysm dimensions. A careful choice of the z score formula and its consistent use is needed in clinical applications.
Standard operating procedures in work of nursing staff as way to prevent infections associated with provision of medical care
Authors: Orlova O. A. , Gaboyan Ya. S. , Pivkina A. I.
Published: December 2021

In the conditions of modern realities of domestic healthcare, more and more attention is paid to the quality of medical care provided by both doctors and paramedical personnel. In order to minimize risks when performing routine medical procedures, it is necessary to create standard operating procedures that should help medical staff to provide high-quality and timely medical care in real practice. The article offers an answer to frequently asked questions regarding the development of standard operating procedures and an example of a standard operating procedure for the rehabilitation of the tracheobronchial tree and tracheostomy care.
Antibiotics in prevention of skin toxic reactions of epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors (literature review)
Authors: Kruglova L. S. , Koroleva I. A.
Published: December 2021

The article is an overview and contains up-to-date information on the use of tetracycline antibiotics in the prevention of acne-like rash in patients receiving therapy with epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors. According to studies, prevention of skin toxicity is necessary to maintain the effectiveness of the antitumor effect of EGFR inhibitors and to minimize the negative effect of adverse effects from the skin on the quality of life of patients. The use of tetracycline antibiotics in combination with topical therapy and photoprotection for the prevention of acne-like rash against the background of the use of EGFR inhibitors is a fairly safe method for long-term use. Of the antibacterial drugs for the prevention of acne-like rash, the most advisable is the appointment of doxycycline at a dose of 100 mg per day from the first day of taking EGFR inhibitors.
Promoting Creators Intentions: Measurement of Crowdfunding Performance
Authors: Sentot Imam Wahjono  , Soo-Fen Fam  , Mukhaer Pakkanna  , Ismail Rasulong  , Anna Marina
Published: December 2021

Crowdfunding is an activity to collect small amounts of funds from a large audience via the internet without involving a financing intermediary. This study aims to determine the effect of fundraising, product testing, relationship reliability, and awareness-raising on the performance of the crowdfunding platform as an alternative source of business or business funding. This research was conducted using a quantitative approach, where Google forms were distributed to 267 project proponents, owners, or administrators in ASEAN countries as a sample and 197 sets of questionnaires were returned with complete answers and further analyzed. The data analysis used includes descriptive analysis, Pearson correlation, and multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that all independent variables, namely the creator's intention in the form of fundraising, product testing, relationship reliability, and awareness-raising, have a positive and significant influence on the performance of the crowdfunding platform. This has practical implications that the creator's intention must be a concern for project proponents and fund owners who invest or distribute their funds in addition to paying attention to the business proposal and the reliability of the crowdfunding platform operator.
Can Family Ownership Strengthen the Relationship Between Intellectual Capital and Performance in ASEAN High-Tech Firms?
Authors: Bima Cinintya Pratama  , Maulida Nurul Innayah
Published: December 2021

This study investigates the positive relationship between intellectual capital and firm performance. It examines whether family ownership can strengthen the relationship between intellectual capital and firm performance of firms in high-technology industries in ASEAN. The data was collected from the BvD OSIRIS database and company annual reports from 2008-2014 and conducted on five countries in ASEAN, namely Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand. The final sample used in this study consists of a total of 1,310 observations. This study uses panel data regression model analysis, i.e. fixed effect regression and random effect regression. The results showed that intellectual capital has a positive relationship with financial performance. The result proved the role of intellectual capital in increasing firm finances and its importance as one of the primary resources in competing in the AEC challenges and as the firm's primary driver for the firm's success. It is not found in the relationship between intellectual capital and market performance. In the interaction relationship, the result is contrary to the alignment effect that becomes our previous prediction. The result is consistent with the entrenchment effect and indicates that family ownership can weaken the relationship between intellectual capital and financial performance. There is no evidence about the relationship between the interaction of intellectual capital and family ownership on market performance.
Designing, Developing and Evaluating a Sustainable Shariah-Compliant E-Commerce Fashion Prototype
Authors: Naginder Kaur  , Nadia Abdul Wahab  , Syafiqa Amira Zulkifli
Published: December 2021

This paper describes the full process of design, development and evaluation of a Shariah-compliant e-commerce fashion prototype. The prototype was designed and developed based on Fogg’s (2003) Persuasive Technology principles, namely, the principle of suggestion, principle of similarity and principle of trustworthiness which are able to persuade consumers to visit and eventually purchase products from this site. User Experience Testing was conducted to evaluate user experience in terms of screen layout, features and functionality of the site. Findings of the study indicate that the information offered is useful and the website is well-designed. In addition, the suggestions on size and clothes based on users’ body measurement are helpful when choosing suitable clothes based on one’s body type. Therefore, it can be concluded that Shariah-compliant fashion on this e-commerce site is interesting, useful and user friendly, and thus, can be a sustainable go-to site of e-commerce for Muslim women.
International Demand for Medical Tourism in Malaysia: Evidence from Panel Data
Authors: Norsiah Kadir  , Sabri Nayan
Published: December 2021

The present paper attempts to investigate the significance influence of some selected economic variables on the international demand for medical tourism in Malaysia by utilizing Pooled Mean Group (PMG)/Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model based on panel data set of ASEAN-4 countries spanning from 2001 to 2017. Findings of the study indicate that the price of medical tourism, travelling cost, real per capita income, exchange rate and health expenditure are statistically significant in influencing international demand for medical tourism in Malaysia for both long run and short run. Moreover, price of tourism in the substitute destination (Indonesia) and inflation are also statistically significant in determining international demand for medical tourism in Malaysia in the short run. The findings are in line with the economic theory. Therefore, to attract more international medical tourists, Malaysia needs to maintain it price competitiveness relative to other substitute destinations in the region, reduce the transport cost as well as improve the quality of medical services provided. Besides, private operators and market participants should influence necessary changes in medical tourism framework to ensure that services are effective and efficient. Ultimately, market players in medical tourism sector should practice Sustainable Responsible Investment (SRI) with aim to stabilize between medical tourism development and social responsibility.
The Impact of Auditors’ Industry Knowledge and Experience on Premature Sign-Offs: Evidence from Jordan
Authors: Khaled Isam AL-Qatamin  , Zalailah Salleh  , Azwadi Ali
Published: December 2021

This study aims to investigate the impact of auditors’ industry knowledge (AIK) and auditor experience (EXP) on premature sign-offs (PMSOs) among external auditors. PMSOs is one of dysfunctional behaviours in auditing that eventually affects the audit quality. Audit quality is defined as all audit procedures are satisfactorily performed and stakeholders are not negatively affected with the results of poor audit quality. While the topic of audit quality has received great attention from previous studies decades ago, studies on how AIK and auditor experience affects PMSOs are limited. Therefore, this study examined the effects of AIK and auditor experience on PMSOs. Survey data was gathered from 144 auditors in the Jordanian audit firms. AMOS-SEM was used to analyse the data for testing the hypotheses. Results revealed that AIK and auditor experience negatively affected PMSOs. Based on these findings, this study suggests that to a certain extent PMSOs practices are prevalent in Jordanian audit firms, AIK, and auditor experience are a measure that can be used to reduce the PMSOs practices. Thus, this study provides empirical evidence of the impact factor determining the effect of auditor knowledge in the industry and auditor experience on the dysfunctional behaviour-PSMOs and impact on audit quality. The limitations of this study and recommendations for future research are also provided.
Industrialization and Democracy
Authors: van Noort Sam
Published: December 2021

I provide a new theory of the relationship between economic development and democracy. I argue that a large share of employment in manufacturing (i.e., industrialization) makes mass mobilization both more likely to occur and more costly to suppress. This increases the power of the masses relative to autocratic elites, making democracy more likely. Novel manufacturing employment data for 145 countries over 170 years (1845--2015) supports this hypothesis. First, all highly developed countries in the West and East Asia democratized when approximately 25% of their workforce was employed in manufacturing, and virtually no other country has ever reached this level without eventually becoming a well-functioning democracy. Second, industrialization is strongly correlated with democracy, even after accounting for two-way fixed effects and other economic determinants of democracy (e.g., income and inequality). Last, unlike with other economic determinants the effect occurs on both transitions and consolidations, and is equally large after WWII.
Universal Mail Ballot Delivery Boosts Turnout: The Causal Effects of Sending Mail Ballots to All Registered Voters
Authors: Alvarez R. Michael , Li Yimeng
Published: December 2021

Some American states have transitioned to universal voting-by-mail, where all registered voters receive a ballot in the mail. While this practice was growing in popularity prior to the 2020 general election, universal voting-by-mail was suddenly used in a larger number of states due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In this paper, we utilize a unique situation in which registered voters in some legislative districts in Los Angeles County were subjected to universal voting-by-mail in the March 2020 primary, while most of the rest of the Los Angeles County electorate was not. Using difference-in-difference and regression discontinuity designs, we estimate the causal effects of universal voting-by-mail on voter turnout and on who votes. Our results indicate that voter turnout increased by around 3\% for voters who do not automatically receive a ballot in the mail otherwise, and the increase is larger for registered partisan voters than those without a party affiliation.
The Effect of Book Value, Debt to Equity Ratio, Roa, Interest Rate and Exchange Rate at Jakarta Islamic Index (JII)
Authors: Rahayu Heffi Christya , Lestari Etty Puji , Kuniawati Tri R.
Published: December 2021

The Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) consists of 30 companies whose liquid assets have large capitalization compared to other companies. JII then becomes a measure of performance in choosing a halal stock portfolio. This study aims to determine the factors that affect the company's stock price in JII. This research uses quantitative methods with the study applied is panel data regression analysis method. The data used in this study is secondary data obtained from Bank Indonesia, the Financial Services Authority, the Indonesia Stock Exchange, and other literature. Secondary data or qualitative data used is panel data from 30 companies in JII. Findings. This research shows that Book Value, Debt Equity Ratio, Return on Assets (ROA), Interest Rate, and Exchange Rate simultaneously significantly affect the Stock Price. JII consists of 30 companies whose liquid assets have large capitalizations compared to other companies. Market capitalization is an indicator of stock development, if there is a decline in stock prices, the market capitalization will decrease.
How far are the benefits of the Islamic Philanthropy and Social Entrepreneurship movement?
Authors: Dwi Saputra Arief , Rahmatia Alfina , Muslimah Muslimah
Published: December 2021

Islamic philanthropy and social entrepreneurship have created solutions in addressing the problems that occur for maximizing economic, social, and religious activity. In this study review, Islamic philanthropy links the elements of zakat, infaq, sadaqah, and waqf in terms of social entrepreneurship with elements of social value, civil society, innovation, and economic activity. The data was obtained using literature studies and interviews on Lazismu Bengkulu as an Islamic philanthropic movement and CV. Presidium on the social entrepreneurship movement. Then, data were processed using Nvivo and drawn conclusions through word similarity analysis.  Findings. The synergy between employers and society plays a role in addressing problems against poverty alleviation, wealth equality, community welfare, creating social benefits, optimizing social capital, innovation in problem-solving efforts, building a balance between social activities and business activities. Integration of these two movements explains the dominant increase compared to the decline by presenting an impact on production, consumption, investment, economic growth, and economic stability. In the analysis of word similarity, efforts of synergy and integration concluded that both movements could be implemented in practice because they support each other and have close links to achieve goals and increase the dominant impact of social, economic, and religious activities.
Implications of Sea Toll Programs to National Development Economy: Reinterpretation of Marine Verses In Al-Quran
Authors: Witro Doli , Yanti Betria Zarpina
Published: December 2021

Indonesia, as an archipelago with a coastline of 81,000 km, is a coastal and marine area that has a variety of vast and diverse resources. With the unique potential and economic value of development, coastal areas are also faced with a high threat, so special handling is needed so that this region can be managed sustainably. Economic development in this framework is realized through the sea toll program. This article will aim to discuss how the sea toll program has an impact on the national development economy and the reinterpretation of marine verses in Al-Quran. This study uses qualitative research methods that are literature research. The sources of data in this study were sourced from books, journals, scientific articles, research reports, laws, and internet websites related to the sea toll program. After all, data have been collected, the data are analyzed by data analysis methods, namely data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Findings. The results showed that the use of marine wealth by humans is justified in Al-Quran even it is recommended for the benefit of humans. On the other hand, the development of defense forces requires strong economic capabilities as a form of an effort to realize Indonesia’s ideals as a world maritime nation. Indonesia’s maritime potential can create a dominant economic development power for the Indonesian state to face global or international competition.
Analysis of Sharia Financial Literature Factors and Planning Behavior Towards Intention to Using Sharia Banking Products During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Alfarizi Muhammad
Published: December 2021

The pandemic is a real challenge for the business world, including the banking financial services industry. Islamic banks as public intermediary institutions that have funds with those who need funds are required to be able to carry out their activities amid the threat of exposure to COVID-19. Islamic banking has a strategic role in Indonesia's economic development. This study will examine the Islamic financial literacy of the community and the factors of planned behavior in the intention to use Islamic banking products during the Covid-19 pandemic. The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) is included in the variables of this study between the variables of financial literacy and intention to use Islamic banking products. This study uses a quantitative method with PLS-Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The sampling techniques used in this study use convenience sampling techniques. Findings. The results of this study indicate that Islamic financial literacy influences awareness, public attitudes, subjective norms, and perceptions of behavioral control. In addition, the results of the study also show that awareness, subjective norms, and perceptions of behavioral control influence the intention to use Islamic banking products.
Promoting Resilient and Healthy Cities for Everyone in an Urban Planning Context by Assessing Green Area Accessibility
Authors: Rostang Olivier , Gren Asa , Feinberg Adam , Berghauser Pont Meta
Published: December 2021

Rapid economic development and population growth has led to urban densification and massive land use changes, putting pressure on both ecosystems, and people. In this context, public health issues have become crucial for cities to address to ensure they remain livable and healthy for everyone. Since the health challenges of cities tend to manifest themselves differently among different population groups—e.g., groups of higher socioeconomic status tend to be correlated with better health than groups of low socioeconomic status—closing the health gap has become a priority for creating healthy cities for everyone. More greenness close to where people live and better accessibility to green areas has been shown to be useful for improving human health and for tackling health inequalities. This paper aims at developing a method for supporting urban planners and policymakers on where to geographically prioritize investments in green infrastructure to contribute to closing the health gap and promote community resilience through improving public health. Using the City of Stockholm as a pilot, we apply a GIS analysis to identify vulnerable population groups in relation to geotagged empirical human health- and socio-economic data. By then assessing vulnerable populations in relation to population numbers and accessibility to urban green areas, an Urban Green Opportunity Map (UGOM) was created, identifying focus areas where investment in green infrastructure will contribute most to closing the health gap and building community resilience.
Androgen Elevation Accelerates Reproductive Senescence in Three-Spined Stickleback
Authors: Simons Mirre J. P. , Sebire Marion , Verhulst Simon , Groothuis Ton G. G.
Published: December 2021

Costs of reproduction shape the life-history evolution of investment in current and future reproduction and thereby aging. Androgens have been proposed to regulate the physiology governing these investments. Furthermore, androgens are hypothesized to play a central role in carotenoid-dependent sexual signaling, regulating how much carotenoids are diverted to ornamentation and away from somatic maintenance, increasing oxidative stress, and accelerating aging. We investigated these relationships in male three-spined stickleback in which we elevated 11-ketotestosterone and supplied vitamin E, an antioxidant, in a 2 × 2 design. Androgen elevation shortened the time stickleback maintained reproductive activities. We suspect that this effect is caused by 11-ketotestosterone stimulating investment in current reproduction, but we detected no evidence for this in our measurements of reproductive effort: nest building, body composition, and breeding coloration. Carotenoid-dependent coloration was even slightly decreased by 11-ketotestosterone elevation and was left unaffected by vitamin E. Red coloration correlated with life expectancy and reproductive capacity in a quadratic manner, suggesting overinvestment of the individuals exhibiting the reddest bellies. In contrast, blue iris color showed a negative relationship with survival, suggesting physiological costs of producing this aspect of nuptial coloration. In conclusion, our results support the hypothesis that androgens regulate investment in current versus future reproduction, yet the precise mechanisms remain elusive. The quadratic relationships between sexual signal expression and aspects of quality have wider consequences for how we view sexual selection on ornamentation and its relationship with aging.
Developmental Table and Three-Dimensional Embryological Image Resource of the Ascidian Ascidiella aspersa
Authors: Funakoshi Haruka M. , Shito Takumi T. , Oka Kotaro , Hotta Kohji
Published: December 2021

Ascidiella aspersa is an ascidian in the class of chordates—the closest relatives of vertebrates. A. aspersa is a potential model organism for bio-imaging studies due to its extremely transparent embryos as well as is a globally distributed cosmopolitan species. However, there is no standard developmental table for this organism. Here, as a first step to establish A. aspersa as a model organism, we report a standard developmental table as a web-based digital image resource. This resource used confocal laser scanning microscopy to scan more than 3,000 cross-sectional images and 3D-reconstructed images of A. aspersa embryos during embryogenesis. With reference to the standardized developmental table of Ciona intestinalis type A, 26 different developmental stages (Stages 1–26) from fertilized eggs to hatched larvae were redefined for A. aspersa. Cell lineages up to the cleavage period were annotated: The cleavage patterns, the embryonic morphology, and the developmental time were then compared with Ciona. We found that the cleavage patterns and developmental time up to the neurula period in A. aspersa were extremely conserved versus. Ciona. The ratio of the trunk and tail length in the tailbud period were smaller than Ciona indicating a relatively short tail. In addition, the timing of the bending of the tail is earlier than Ciona. This A. aspersa standard 3D digital resource is essential for connecting different omics data to different spatiotemporal hierarchies and is useful for a system-level understanding of chordate development and evolution.
A Review on Metal-Organic Frameworks as Congenial Heterogeneous Catalysts for Potential Organic Transformations
Authors: Gangu Kranthi Kumar , Jonnalagadda Sreekantha B.
Published: December 2021

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as versatile candidates of interest in heterogeneous catalysis. Recent research and developments with MOFs positively endorse their role as catalysts in generating invaluable organic compounds. To harness the full potential of MOFs in value-added organic transformation, a comprehensive look at how these materials are likely to involve in the catalytic processes is essential. Mainstays of MOFs such as metal nodes, linkers, encapsulation materials, and enveloped structures tend to produce capable catalytic active sites that offer solutions to reduce human efforts in developing new organic reactions. The main advantages of choosing MOFs as reusable catalysts are the flexible and robust skeleton, regular porosity, high pore volume, and accessible synthesis accompanied with cost-effectiveness. As hosts for active metals, sole MOFs, modified MOFs, and MOFs have made remarkable advances as solid catalysts. The extensive exploration of the MOFs possibly led to their fast adoption in fabricating new biological molecules such as pyridines, quinolines, quinazolinones, imines, and their derivatives. This review covers the varied MOFs and their catalytic properties in facilitating the selective formation of the product organic moieties and interprets MOF’s property responsible for their elegant performance.
Electrocardiographic Features of Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction and Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Systematic Review
Authors: Van Ommen Anne-Mar , Kessler Elise Laura , Valstar Gideon , Onland-Moret N. Charlotte , Cramer Maarten Jan , Rutten Frans , Coronel Ruben , Den Ruijter Hester
Published: December 2021

Background: Electrocardiographic features are well-known for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), but not for left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). As ECG features could help to identify high-risk individuals in primary care, we systematically reviewed the literature for ECG features diagnosing women and men suspected of LVDD and HFpEF.

Methods and Results: Among the 7,127 records identified, only 10 studies reported diagnostic measures, of which 9 studied LVDD. For LVDD, the most promising features were T-end-P/(PQ*age), which is the electrocardiographic equivalent of the passive-to-active filling (AUC: 0.91–0.96), and repolarization times (QTc interval ≥ 350 ms, AUC: 0.85). For HFpEF, the Cornell product ≥ 1,800 mm*ms showed poor sensitivity of 40% (AUC: 0.62). No studies presented results stratified by sex.

Conclusion: Electrocardiographic features are not widely evaluated in diagnostic studies for LVDD and HFpEF. Only for LVDD, two ECG features related to the diastolic interval, and repolarization measures showed diagnostic potential. To improve diagnosis and care for women and men suspected of heart failure, reporting of sex-specific data on ECG features is encouraged.
Equivalent Input Disturbance-Based Control Design for Three Phase Dual-Stage Grid-Tied Photovoltaic System Considering Dead Time Effect
Authors: Liu Fang , Fan Zhen , Liu Qianyi , Zou Runmin
Published: December 2021

Grid-tied inverter is the prominent component of the three-phase dual-stage photovoltaic (PV) grid-tied power generation system. However, the disturbances caused by dead time effect will pose the reduction of grid-tied current quality and even cause the imbalance of inverter itself or other circuit devices. In this paper, a current control strategy is proposed to damp dead time effect for the three-phase dual-stage PV grid-tied inverter system, and its design, stability analysis, and implementation are carried out. First, the inverter model is modified by regarding the dq reference frame coupling terms, uncertainties, and external and internal disturbances as an unknown lumped disturbance. Then, a current control scheme based on compensation of equivalent input disturbance is introduced, and it estimates and compensates the unknown lumped disturbance, which effectively realizes the inverter model decoupling and comprehensive disturbance rejection. Last, simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed current controller.
Naturalness Is in the Eye of the Beholder
Authors: Clement Charles R. , Levis Carolina , Cabral de Oliveira Joana , Fausto Carlos , Mendes dos Santos Gilton , Fontes Baniwa Francineia , Mehinaku Mutuá , Wajãpi Aikyry , Wajãpi Rosenã , Sodré Maia Gabriel
Published: December 2021

World conservation discourse concentrates on forests of high naturalness, which are variously termed intact forest landscapes, primary forests, pristine forests, and wilderness. In this essay, we bring Amazonian Indigenous perspectives to this discussion, both because Amazonian Indigenous Peoples have the right to be in the discussion and because they have a lot to teach us about naturalness. It is essential to understand that Indigenous ontologies do not distinguish culture from nature, since all beings, humans and non-humans, are part of a network of social-ecological interactions. Hence, forests are not natural, but the domus of different beings who inhabit, care for and cultivate them. Each part of the forest mosaic in different stages of social-ecological succession has different owners: when people open swiddens, they must respect other – non-human – forest residents to do so, and when they fallow their swiddens, these other forest residents reassume their original roles as managers and conservers of that part of the mosaic. Each stage of the succession also contains cultivated and domesticated plant populations, so we can think of a different kind of conservation: that of genetic resources. From this perspective, swidden-fallow represents on farm conservation, while less anthropogenic parts of the forest mosaic represent in situ conservation. We believe that reframing forest conservation and learning from Indigenous People can inspire innovative conservation science and policies.
Association of CCR5Δ32 Deletion and Human Cytomegalovirus Infection With Colorectal Cancer in Tunisia
Authors: Chelbi Hanen , Jelassi Refka , Belfkih Sarra , Ben Amor Amor , Saidi Nasreddine , Ben Salah Hamza , Mzoughi Nabiha , Ben Dhifallah Imen , Boujelben Nadia , Ammi Radhia , Bouratbine Aida , Zidi Ines , Aoun Karim
Published: December 2021

Background and objectives:Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and genetic polymorphisms of the chemokine receptor 5 have been suggested as factors associated with the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). The aim of the study was to evaluate the associations of both CCR5Δ32 genetic deletion and/or HCMV virus infection with CRC in Tunisia. Materials and methods: The association between HCMV and CRC was validated by Nested PCR technology performed for HCMV and HCMV-specific serum IgG and IgM antibodies were investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Experiments were carried out on 40 tumor and 35 peri-tumor tissues, 100 blood from CRC patients and on 140 blood samples from healthy subjects and finaly serum samples of 80 patients with CRC and 100 healthy individuals. A conventional PCR has been optimized for the detection of CCR5Δ32 in100 CRC patients and 100 healthy subjects. Results: Our results show that HCMV is significantly active in 93% of patients compared to 60% in controls (p< 0.0001, OR = 8.85, 95% CI: 3.82 -20.50). Compared to the healthy controls, the titers of IgG and IgM antiCMV antibodies in CRC patients were significantly higher than in healthy subjects (pvalue < 0,0001 for IgG and IgM). Statistical analysis revealed a lack of association between CCR5Δ32 mutation and colorectal cancer (p= 0.788, OR = 1.265, 95% CI: 0.228-7.011). Conclusion: our data confirmed that the HCMV infection was related to the development of CRC and that CRC cells may be infected more favorably by HCMV. Given the importance of the CCR5 in inflammation and therefore CRC progression, further studies still needed to evaluate CCR5 role as a potential candidate gene for CRC susceptibility under other polymorphisms.
RETRACTED: The Heart of Silk Road “Xinjiang,” Its Genetic Portray, and Forensic Parameters Inferred From Autosomal STRs
Authors: Adnan Atif , Anwar Adeel , Simayijiang Halimureti , Farrukh Noor , Hadi Sibte , Wang Chuan-Chao , Xuan Jin-Feng
Published: December 2021

The Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China (XUARC) harbors almost 50 ethnic groups including the Uyghur (UGR: 45.84%), Han (HAN: 40.48%), Kazakh (KZK: 6.50%), Hui (HUI: 4.51%), Kyrgyz (KGZ: 0.86%), Mongol (MGL: 0.81%), Manchu (MCH: 0.11%), and Uzbek (UZK: 0.066%), which make it one of the most colorful regions with abundant cultural and genetic diversities. In our previous study, we established allelic frequency databases for 14 autosomal short tandem repeats (STRs) for four minority populations from XUARC (MCH, KGZ, MGL, and UZK) using the AmpFlSTR® Identifiler PCR Amplification Kit. In this study, we genotyped 2,121 samples using the GoldenEye™ 20A Kit (Beijing PeopleSpot Inc., Beijing, China) amplifying 19 autosomal STR loci for four major ethnic groups (UGR, HAN, KZK, and HUI). These groups make up 97.33% of the total XUARC population. The total number of alleles for all the 19 STRs in these populations ranged from 232 (HAN) to 224 (KZK). We did not observe any departures from the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) in these populations after sequential Bonferroni correction. We did find minimal departure from linkage equilibrium (LE) for a small number of pairwise combinations of loci. The match probabilities for the different populations ranged from 1 in 1.66 × 1023 (HAN) to 6.05 × 1024 (HUI), the combined power of exclusion ranged from 0.999 999 988 (HUI) to 0.999 999 993 (UGR), and the combined power of discrimination ranged from 0.999 999 999 999 999 999 999 983 (HAN) to 0.999 999 999 999 999 999 999 997 (UGR). Genetic distances, principal component analysis (PCA), STRUCTURE analysis, and the phylogenetic tree showed that genetic affinity among studied populations is consistent with linguistic, ethnic, and geographical classifications.
CRISPR-Mediated Knockout of Long 3′ UTR mRNA Isoforms in mESC-Derived Neurons
Authors: Bae Bongmin , Miura Pedro
Published: December 2021

Alternative cleavage and polyadenylation (APA) is pervasive, occurring for more than 70% of human and mouse genes. Distal poly(A) site selection to generate longer 3′ UTR mRNA isoforms is prevalent in the nervous system, affecting thousands of genes. Here, we establish mouse embryonic stem cell (mESC)-derived neurons (mES-neurons) as a suitable system to study long 3′ UTR isoforms. RNA-seq analysis revealed that mES-neurons show widespread 3′ UTR lengthening that closely resembles APA patterns found in mouse cortex. mESCs are highly amenable to genetic manipulation. We present a method to eliminate long 3′ UTR isoform expression using CRISPR/Cas9 editing. This approach can lead to clones with the desired deletion within several weeks. We demonstrate this strategy on the Mprip gene as a proof-of-principle. To confirm loss of long 3′ UTR expression and the absence of cryptic poly(A) site usage stemming from the CRISPR deletion, we present a simple and cost-efficient targeted long-read RNA-sequencing strategy using the Oxford Nanopore Technologies platform. Using this method, we confirmed specific loss of the Mprip long 3′ UTR isoform. CRISPR gene editing of mESCs thus serves as a highly relevant platform for studying the molecular and cellular functions of long 3′ UTR mRNA isoforms.
Using Machine Learning Approaches to Predict Target Gene Expression in Rice T-DNA Insertional Mutants
Authors: Chien Ching-Hsuan , Huang Lan-Ying , Lo Shuen-Fang , Chen Liang-Jwu , Liao Chi-Chou , Chen Jia-Jyun , Chu Yen-Wei
Published: December 2021

To change the expression of the flanking genes by inserting T-DNA into the genome is commonly used in rice functional gene research. However, whether the expression of a gene of interest is enhanced must be validated experimentally. Consequently, to improve the efficiency of screening activated genes, we established a model to predict gene expression in T-DNA mutants through machine learning methods. We gathered experimental datasets consisting of gene expression data in T-DNA mutants and captured the PROMOTER and MIDDLE sequences for encoding. In first-layer models, support vector machine (SVM) models were constructed with nine features consisting of information about biological function and local and global sequences. Feature encoding based on the PROMOTER sequence was weighted by logistic regression. The second-layer models integrated 16 first-layer models with minimum redundancy maximum relevance (mRMR) feature selection and the LADTree algorithm, which were selected from nine feature selection methods and 65 classified methods, respectively. The accuracy of the final two-layer machine learning model, referred to as TIMgo, was 99.3% based on fivefold cross-validation, and 85.6% based on independent testing. We discovered that the information within the local sequence had a greater contribution than the global sequence with respect to classification. TIMgo had a good predictive ability for target genes within 20 kb from the 35S enhancer. Based on the analysis of significant sequences, the G-box regulatory sequence may also play an important role in the activation mechanism of the 35S enhancer.
Exposure to Deoxynivalenol During Pregnancy and Lactation Enhances Food Allergy and Reduces Vaccine Responsiveness in the Offspring in a Mouse Model
Authors: Seyed Toutounchi Negisa , Braber Saskia , van’t Land Belinda , Thijssen Suzan , Garssen Johan , Kraneveld Aletta D. , Folkerts Gert , Hogenkamp Astrid
Published: December 2021

Deoxynivalenol (DON), a highly prevalent contaminant of grain-based products, is known to induce reproductive- and immunotoxicities. Considering the importance of immune development in early life, the present study investigated the effects of perinatal DON exposure on allergy development and vaccine responsiveness in the offspring. Pregnant mice received control or DON-contaminated diets (12.5 mg/kg diet) during pregnancy and lactation. After weaning, female offspring were sensitized to ovalbumin (OVA) by oral administration of OVA with cholera toxin (CT). Male offspring were injected with Influvac vaccine. OVA-specific acute allergic skin response (ASR) in females and vaccine-specific delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) in males were measured upon intradermal antigen challenge. Immune cell populations in spleen and antigen-specific plasma immunoglobulins were analyzed. In female CT+OVA-sensitized offspring of DON-exposed mothers ASR and OVA-specific plasma immunoglobulins were significantly higher, compared to the female offspring of control mothers. In vaccinated male offspring of DON-exposed mothers DTH and vaccine-specific antibody levels were significantly lower, compared to the male offspring of control mothers. In both models a significant reduction in regulatory T cells, Tbet+ Th1 cells and Th1-related cytokine production of the offspring of DON-exposed mothers was observed. In conclusion, early life dietary exposure to DON can adversely influence immune development in the offspring. Consequently, the immune system of the offspring may be skewed towards an imbalanced state, resulting in an increased allergic immune response to food allergens and a decreased immune response to vaccination against influenza virus in these models.
Study on the Soft Magnetic Properties of FeSiB/EP Composites by Direct Ink Writing
Authors: Qing Ma , Chong Teng , Jing Hu , Sun Baoan
Published: December 2021

Fe-based amorphous alloy has excellent soft magnetic properties; traditionally, Fe-based amorphous alloy such as soft magnetic devices was fabricated by insulation enveloping and suppression molding methods. In this process, the aging of organic envelope materials and the crystallization of Fe-based amorphous alloy were usually occurring, accompanying with low magnetic induction and poor mechanical properties. The direct ink writing (DIW) technique can make complex-shaped parts and needs no heating treatment after forming, which can avoid the effect of traditional molding process. In the present study, varying mass fraction FeSiB/EP composite parts were prepared by the DIW technique with the Fe-based amorphous alloy powder and epoxy resin, in which microscopic morphology, magnetic properties, and mechanical properties of FeSiB/EP soft magnetic composites were studied. The results indicate that the slurry with iron powder mass fraction of 92.3, 92.6, and 92.8 wt% has good printing performance and self-support ability, which is suitable for DIW. The density of the printed parts is about 4.317, 4.449, and 4.537 g/cm3, which is almost similar with the iron powder. The tensile strength and elongation of printing parts are significantly improved compared with the pure epoxy resin. From the photos of microscopic morphology of printing parts, it can be seen that FeSiB powders are evenly dispersed in EP, no pores, and defects, with the proportion increasing of powders; the insulation coating thickness decreases; and the magnetic performance improves. The optimal sample is 92.8 wt% FeSiB/EP, in which saturation magnetic induction strength is 137.9759 emu/g and coercivity is 4.6523 A/m.
Influence of Combined Mechanical Processes on Tribological Properties of Tool Steels Vanadis 8 and Vancron 40 With a Similar Hardness
Authors: Toboła Daniel , Łętocha Aneta
Published: December 2021

Surface integrity is important factor for components exposed to wear, like cold working tools, which need to possess high hardness combined with high wear resistance. Surface treatments such as grinding, hard turning, and hard turning with slide burnishing have been developed for its improvement. Vancron 40 and Vanadis 8 tool steels, of different chemical composition and different types and amounts of carbides, were now investigated. Heat treatment was carried out in vacuum furnaces with gas quenching to hardness of Vancron 64 ± 1 HRC and of Vanadis 65 ± 1 HRC. 3D topography, optical and scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and ball-on-disc tribological tests against Al2O3 and 100Cr6 balls as counterparts were used to examine wear and friction. For both steels, the lowest values of dynamic frictions and wear rates against Al2O3 counterbodies were achieved after sequential process of hard turning with slide burnishing with a burnishing force of 180 N. For alumina balls, the increase of wear resistance, achieved after hard turning plus burnishing in comparison to grinding exceeds 50 and 60%, respectively for Vanadis 8 and Vancron 40 steels.
Inhibition of 2-Oxoglutarate Dehydrogenase as a Chemical Model of Acute Hypobaric Hypoxia
Authors: Graf Anastasia , Ksenofontov Alexander , Bunik Victoria
Published: December 2021

Both hypoxia and inhibition of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (OGDHC) are known to change cellular amino acid pools, but the quantitative comparison of the metabolic and physiological outcomes has not been done. We hypothesize that OGDHC inhibition models metabolic changes caused by hypoxia, as both perturb the respiratory chain function, limiting either the NADH (OGDHC inhibition) or oxygen (hypoxia) supply. In the current study, we quantify the changes in the amino acid metabolism after OGDHC inhibition in the highly sensitive to hypoxia cerebellum and compare them to the earlier characterized changes after acute hypobaric hypoxia. In addition, the associated physiological effects are characterized and compared. A specific OGDHC inhibitor succinyl phosphonate (SP) is shown to act similar to hypoxia, increasing levels of many amino acids in the cerebellum of non-pregnant rats, without affecting those in the pregnant rats. Compared with hypoxia, stronger effects of SP in non-pregnant rats are observed on the levels of cerebellar amino acids, electrocardiography (ECG), and freezing time. In pregnant rats, hypoxia affects ECG and behavior more than SP, although none of the stressors significantly change the levels of cerebellar amino acids. The biochemical differences underlying the different physiological actions of SP and hypoxia are revealed by correlation analysis of the studied parameters. The negative correlations of cerebellar amino acids with OGDHC and/or tryptophan, shown to arise after the action of SP and hypoxia, discriminate the overall metabolic action of the stressors. More negative correlations are induced in the non-pregnant rats by hypoxia, and in the pregnant rats by SP. Thus, our findings indicate that the OGDHC inhibition mimics the action of acute hypobaric hypoxia on the cerebellar amino acid levels, but a better prediction of the physiological outcomes requires assessment of integral network changes, such as increases in the negative correlations among the amino acids, OGDHC, and/or tryptophan.