bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PEMBERDAYAAN PETANI KOPI MELALUI OPTIMALISASI PENGOLAHAN HASIL KOPI DI DESA WONODADI, PLANTUNGAN, KABUPATEN KENDAL
Authors: Maulana Indra
Published: June 2023

Desa Wonodadi, yang terletak di kecamatan Plantungan Kabupaten Kendal, termasuk dalam kategori daerah dataran tinggi dengan ketinggian tempat rata-rata 700 meter di atas permukaan laut dan didominasi oleh daerah perbukitan dan pegunungan. Salah satu sumber utama dukungan ekonomi bagi masyarakat setempat adalah sektor perkebunan kopi. Berdasarkan hasil assessment lapangan mengenai pengolahan hasil produksi kopi yang optimal, ditemukan bahwa masyarakat belum sepenuhnya menerapkan metode pengolahan optimal, yang mengakibatkan potensi peningkatan pendapatan petani dan pertumbuhan ekonomi secara keseluruhan. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, solusi potensial termasuk fokus pada profesi mayoritas penduduk setempat sebagai petani kopi, memberikan pelatihan dan dukungan dalam produksi dan pemasaran kopi yang optimal, dan mengatasi hambatan umum seperti kurangnya pengetahuan dalam panen dan pengemasan yang tepat. Selain itu, dengan memberdayakan petani untuk memproduksi kopi siap minum dengan kualitas yang baik, program pelayanan masyarakat dapat diimplementasikan untuk mengoptimalkan pengolahan kopi di Desa Wonodadi dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat secara keseluruhan.
PENDAMPINGAN TRANSFORMASI METODE PEMASARAN UMKM DARI TRADISIONAL KE DIGITAL DI DESA CRABAK, PONOROGO
Authors: Thohir Umar Faruq
Published: June 2023

Desa Crabak adalah salah satu desa yang terkenal dengan jumlah Usaha Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) yang banyak. Banyaknya jumlah UMKM ini merupakan aset yang sangat berpotensi untuk meningkatkan penghasilan perekonomian masyarakat desa dan mengatasi angka pengangguran. UMKM di Desa yang memiliki slogan “Deso Roso Kuto” ini sangat beragam, mulai dari makanan, minuman, perbengkelan, las, percetakan, grabah, jamu, dan berbagai jenis usaha lain. Namun sayang sekali, metode pemasaran mereka masih tradisional yang dilakukan secara konvensional tanpa memanfaatkan internet. Aset lain desa ini adalah aset dalam bidang pendidikan, aset bidang agama, aset bidang kesehatan dan aset bidang pertanian, namun kami memfokuskan pada aset bidang ekonomi, karena aset tersebut paling berpotensi memberikan pengembangan pada Desa Crabak ini. Setelah melakukan penelitian, kami melakukan pengabdian dengan motode pendekatan Asset Based Community Development dengan memberikan pendampingan intensif agar masyarakat mampu mengubah metode pemasaran mereka dari tradisional menjadi digital. Setelah menentukan tokoh penggerak desa, pendampingan terus dilakukan dengan memberikan pelatihan kepada pemilik UMKM bagaimana cara efektif memasarkan produk pada era digital ini.setelah pelatihan ini, tokoh penggerak desa bersama pemilik UMKM sepakat untuk membuat website dan media sosial dan memasarkan produknya secara digital. Melalui pemantauan di lapangan, income mereka semakin meningkat dan konsumen mereka semakin meluas.
Effect of brackish water irrigation on cadmium migration in a soil-maize system
Authors: Hao Yingjun , Zhang Jun’an , Liang Yajie , Song Yu , Tang Xiwang
Published: June 2023

The effects of irrigation with high-salinity water on phytoremediation efficiency have not yet been fully investigated. Here, a pot experiment was conducted to explore the effects of irrigation with three water resources (T1: deionized water, T2: natural brackish water, T3: NaCl salt water with salinity equal to that of natural brackish water) on cadmium (Cd) uptake by maize grown under different Cd pollution conditions (exogenous Cd: 0, 5, 10, 15 mg kg− 1). Salt stress and cation antagonism caused by brackish water both affected maize plant growth and Cd uptake. When exogenous Cd was added to the soil at 5, 10, and 15 mg kg− 1, Cd accumulated in maize shoots at 5.55, 7.08, and 5.71 µg plant–1 in the T1 treatment, 4.08, 3.04, and 5.38 µg plant–1 in the T2 treatment, and 2.48, 3.44, and 5.33 µg plant–1 in the T3 treatment, respectively. Shoot Cd accumulation was significantly lower for treatments T2 and T3 than T1 at exogenous soil Cd concentrations of 5 and 10 mg kg− 1, whereas no significant differences were observed among treatments T1, T2, and T3 when the exogenous Cd concentration was 15 mg kg− 1. These findings indicate that there was decreased phytoremediation efficiency in response to both salt stress and cation antagonism caused by brackish water when there were low soil Cd concentrations, but that this effect was negligible under high Cd pollution. Accordingly, brackish water irrigation can be considered during phytoremediation of soils contaminated with high levels of Cd to save freshwater resources.
Impact of PGF2α and Estrogen based short term estrus synchronization protocols on estrus expression, luteal profile and conception rate in cyclic Murrah buffaloes
Authors: Yadav Vinay , Pandey Anand Kumar , Kumar Sandeep , Saini Gitesh , Yadav Dipin Chander , Bisla Amarjeet
Published: June 2023

The study was conducted in 94 cyclic Murrah buffaloes with aim to develop a short-term estrus synchronization protocol consisting of Estradiol benzoate after PGF2α and evaluation of estrus response, luteal profile and conception rae. The buffaloes were divided into two groups with Group-I (n = 40) received PGF2α day 0 and AI was performed twice at 72 and 84h of PGF2α injection while, in Group-II (n = 54): Estradiol benzoate (1mg) 24h of PGF2α injection and AI was performed twice at 72 and 84h of PGF2α injection. Blood sampling for hormonal estimation and USG was carried out before the treatment (day 0), day 1, at the time of first-AI, and day 5 and 12 post-AI. The buffaloes showing intense estrus response were significantly (P < 0.05) greater in Group-II (33.33%; 18/54) than Group-I (7.50%; 3/40). FSCR (%) was higher in Group-II (33.33%; P > 0.05) than Group-I (27.5%). Plasma estrogen concentration of Group-II was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than Group-I on day of AI. The plasma estrogen, IGF-1 concentration was greater (P < 0.05) in pregnant than their non-pregnant counterparts in both groups. The plasma P4 (ng/ml) concentration of pregnant buffaloes on day 5 and 12 post-AI was significantly (P < 0.05) greater than non-pregnant buffalo in both groups. So, it was concluded that short term estrus synchronization protocol with administration of Estradiol benzoate 24h after PGF2α improved the estrus response, plasma estrogen concentration at AI with better post-ovulation luteal profile in cyclic Murrah buffaloes.
A short 18F-FDG imaging window triple injection neuroimaging protocol for parametric mapping in PET
Authors: Moradi Hamed , Vashistha Rajat , O'Brien Kieran , Hammond Amanda , Vegh Viktor , Reutens David
Published: June 2023

Background
In parametric PET, kinetic parameters are extracted from dynamic PET images. It is not commonly used in clinical practice because of long scan times and the requirement for an arterial input function (AIF). To address these limitations, we designed an 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) triple injection dynamic PET protocol for brain imaging with a standard field of view PET scanner using a 24 min imaging window and an input function modelled using measurements from a region of interest placed over the left ventricle.
Methods
To test the protocol in 6 healthy participants, we examined the quality of voxel-based maps of kinetic parameters in the brain generated using the two tissue compartment model and compared estimated parameter values with previously published values. We also utilized data from a 36 minute validation imaging window to compare 1) the modelled AIF against the input function measured in the validation window; and 2) the net influx rate (\({K}_{i}\)) computed using parameter estimates from the short imaging window against the net influx rate obtained using Patlak analysis in the validation window.
Results
Compared to the AIF measured in the validation window, the input function estimated from the short imaging window achieved a mean area under the curve error of 9%. The voxel-wise Pearson’s correlation between \({K}_{i}\) estimates from the short imaging window and the validation imaging window exceeded 0.95.
Conclusion
The proposed 24 min triple injection protocol enables parametric 18F-FDG neuroimaging with non-invasive estimation of the AIF from cardiac images using a standard field of view PET scanner.
Kitchen-based diet versus commercial polymeric formulations in acute pancreatitis: A pilot randomized comparative study
Authors: Grover Indu , Gunjan Deepak , Singh Namrata , Gopi Srikanth , Sati Hem Chandra , Sachdev Vikas , Saraya Anoop
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Nutrition plays an important role in management of acute pancreatitis (AP) and decreases its severity and infectious complications. Various formulations of enteral nutrition (EN) are available and are costly. For developing countries, cost and availability is a major issue and kitchen-based diet should be explored in patients with AP. Aim: Comparison of kitchen-based diet to commercially available polymeric formulations in terms of various outcomes in patients with AP. Methods: Sixty patients (39 male, mean age 36.1 ± 12.7 years, BMI 24.15 ± 3.31 kg/m2) of moderately severe and severe AP of any etiology were randomized (30 in each group) to either kitchen-based diet or commercial polymeric formulation group. Outcome measures were refeeding pain, tolerability, infectious complications, mortality, total hospital/intensive care unit stay; and change in serum C-reactive protein (CRP), transferrin and pre albumin. Results: There was no significant difference in baseline demographic and biochemical parameters in both groups. No difference was observed in refeeding pain (7.1% vs 8%, p = 0.99), tolerability (28.6% vs 12%, p = 0.17), infectious complications (57.14% vs 36%, p = 0.12), mortality (31.7% vs 20%, p = 0.69), new onset organ failure (10.7% vs 12%, p = 0.99), hospital stay (19.5 vs 23.5 days, p = 0.86), CRP (74.4 vs 59 mg/L, p = 0.97), transferrin levels (23.6 vs 25.6 mg/dL, p = 0.75) and pre albumin (9.45 vs 13.09 mg/dL, p = 0.68) in both groups. Conclusion: Kitchen-based diet is comparable to commercial polymeric formulations for the early initiation of enteral nutrition in patients with severe or moderately severe acute pancreatitis. Trial registered with the Clinical Trials registry-India (CTRI/2018/01/011188).
Salt Marsh Morphological Evolution Under Plant Species Invasion
Authors: Wang Xinchen , Xin Pei , Zhang Hong , Zhan Lucheng , Lao Congcong
Published: June 2023

Species invasion in salt marsh wetlands is known to disturb the balance of biotic and abiotic ecosystems (e.g., changing material exchange cycles and community structure). However, its influence on the morphological evolution of salt marshes is not yet understood in depth. This study investigates the long-term temporal and spatial distributions of an invasive plant—Spartina alterniflora (S. alterniflora)—and its morphological characteristics in Yangtze Estuary by remote sensing imagery interpretation, tidal creek extraction, regional statistical analysis, and proximity analysis. The invaded site shows an area of S. alterniflora with a 35-fold increase from the start to the end of its initiation phase; it is the second biggest species in the study area. It is found that species invasion not only limited the expansion of native pioneer vegetation but also changed bio-geomorphic feedback loops. With the influence of plant invasion, median tidal creek lengths decreased and the median tidal creek sinuosity ratio remained stable, between 1.06 and 1.07 in the subarea. The method used here is adaptable to other salt marshes. The findings from this study can provide practical guidance for the restoration of native salt marshes in the estuary and thus control the spread of invasive species.
Genetic and environmental contributions to ancestry differences in gene expression in the human brain
Authors: Benjamin Kynon , Chen Qiang , Eagles Nicholas , Huuki-Myers Louise , Collado-Torres Leonardo , Stolz Joshua , Shin Joo Heon , Paquola Apuã , Hyde Thomas , Kleinman Joel , Jaffe Andrew , Han Shizhong , Weinberger Daniel
Published: June 2023

Ancestral differences in genomic variation are determining factors in gene regulation; however, most gene expression studies have been limited to European ancestry samples or adjusted for ancestry to identify ancestry-independent associations. We instead examined the impact of genetic ancestry on gene expression and DNA methylation (DNAm) in admixed African/Black American neurotypical individuals to untangle effects of genetic and environmental factors. Ancestry-associated differentially expressed genes (DEGs), transcripts, and gene networks, while notably not implicating neurons, are enriched for genes related to immune response and vascular tissue and explain up to 26% of heritability for ischemic stroke, 27% of heritability for Parkinson’s disease, and 30% of heritability for Alzhemier’s disease. Ancestry-associated DEGs also show general enrichment for heritability of diverse immune-related traits but depletion for psychiatric-related traits. The cell-type enrichments and direction of effects vary by brain region. These DEGs are less evolutionarily constrained and are largely explained by genetic variations; roughly 15% are predicted by DNAm variation implicating environmental exposures. We also compared Black and White Americans, confirming most of these ancestry-associated DEGs. Our results highlight how environment and genetic background affect genetic ancestry differences in gene expression in the human brain and affect risk for brain illness.
Traditionally removed mandibular central incisors and oral health-related quality of life: a cross-sectional study among adolescents in Maasai populated areas, Northern Tanzania
Authors: Simangwa Lutango D , Åstrom Anne N , Johansson Anders , Minja Irene K , Johansson Ann-Katrin
Published: June 2023

Background The traditional removal of mandibular anterior teeth has been existing for many years in the Sub-Saharan African countries. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and sociodemographic distribution of traditional removal of mandibular central incisors (TMRCI) and its association with oral impact on daily performance (OIDP) among adolescents in Maasai populated areas in the Northern part of Tanzania.Methods Using one-stage cluster sample design, with schools as the primary sampling unit, 23 out of 66 eligible rural schools were randomly selected. From each selected school, one class, expected to contain adolescents aged 12–14 years, was identified. The students from these selected classes were invited to participate in the study. A total of 989 adolescents were invited and 906 (91.6%) accepted to participate and completed both interview and a clinical oral examination.Results Mean age was 13.4 years (12–17 years, SD 1.2) and 43.9% were males (n = 398). The participants were from Longido district (47.1%) and Monduli district (52.9%). The Maasai group constituted 79.6% and the non-Maasai group 20.4%. The frequency of the participants missing both mandibular central incisors were 18.5%. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that adolescents from Longido district were more likely to report at least one TMRCI (OR = 2.5, CI 1.4–3.3) and less likely to report at least one impact on OIDP compared to those from Monduli district (OR 0.2, 95% CI 0.2–0.4). Adolescents with at least one TRMCI were more likely to report impacts on OIDP (OR = 3.28, 95% CI 1.9–5.7) than those without TRMCI. Independent of the TRMCI status, adolescents from Longido and non- Masaai adolescents were respectively, less and more likely than their counterparts to report impacts on OIDP. The corresponding ORs were 0.4 (95% CI 0.2–0.6) and 2.2 (95% CI 1.4–3.5).Conclusion TMRCI is common among adolescents in the Maasai populated areas in the Northern part of Tanzania and strongly associated with the district of residence and Maasai ethnicity and has a negative impact on oral health related quality of life. There is a need for oral health education in the rural Maasai communities in Tanzania to increase awareness of the negative consequences of this practice.
Biomass and carbon stocks in deltaic wetlands across active and inactive basins in the Mississippi River Delta, USA
Authors: Solohin Elena , Castañeda-Moya Edward , Twilley Robert R. , Christensen Alexandra , Jensen Daniel J. , Simard Marc , Rovai Andre S.
Published: June 2023

Deltaic wetlands in coastal Louisiana are experiencing widespread changes in vegetation dynamics and distribution due to rising sea level and long-term modifications in hydrology and sediment supply. Using field and remote sensing data, we investigated how aboveground biomass (AGB) and C stocks change in response to seasonality along salinity and soil nutrient gradients across different wetland habitats in two coastal basins with active (Atchafalaya - AB) and inactive (Terrebonne - TB) hydrological regimes. The highest seasonal changes in AGB and C stocks across both basins occurred in saline (SL) sites (AGB range: 343 ± 101 to 1214 ± 210 g m− 2) in early growing and peak biomass season, respectively. Biomass productivity rates varied across basins, with SL sites being the most productive, albeit less species-diverse. Foliar nutrient uptake was higher in the mineral-rich soils of AB freshwater (FW) site. In contrast, Terrebonne FW plants (as well as brackish and SL) had lower tissue nutrients and higher biomass allocation, indicating greater nutrient use efficiency with increasing salinity stress. Seasonal variation in AGB was positively correlated with porewater salinity and with soil nutrients (total nitrogen (N) and phosphorus). As hypothesized, changes in plant and soil isotopic signatures in both basins paralleled the spatiotemporal patterns in environmental stressors (e.g., elevated salinity and nutrient availability). Our findings show that in both active and inactive coastal delta basins, herbaceous wetlands maintain high biomass and C stocks by developing adaptive strategies in response to the distribution of environmental stressors and availability of resources.
Drivers for the Emergence and re-emergence of Human Infectious Diseases, A Systematic review
Authors: File Temesgen , Chala Bayisa
Published: June 2023

Background Scientific evidence suggests that the total number and diversity of outbreaks and richness of Infectious Diseases (IDs) have increased significantly since the last few decades, resulting unpredictable loss of human life and economy. Understanding the driving factors for the emergence and re-emergence of such diverse human infectious diseases has become a focus of increased research in the field of human health.Methods Harzing's Publish or Perish Tarma software's search engine was used to obtain 1000 publications during a literature search using the keyword "Emerging Infectious Diseases." Of which the 55 most recent (publications in English from 2018 to 2023) were chosen, of which 30 papers were discovered to be legible for the review after removing the repeated, incomplete, and irrelevant publications from the software's search results. There were also 13 additional publications included in the study through manual search from PubMed. Following PRISMA 2020 checklist a total of 43 peer-reviewed publications meeting the inclusion criteria were used in this systematic review.Results The study revealed human induced ecological changes due to over-exploitation of the natural world, ecological degradation, climate change, urbanization, and the transnational movement are the major factors associated with the emergence and re-emergence of such diseases. Furthermore, environmental changes, inappropriate or misuse of antibiotics and Bioterrorism may account for EIDs. Understanding, the nature of wave of such diseases, timely forecasts of the onset and their potential re-emergence; save lives, money, and human productivity.Conclusions: Despite the significant impact of human life and economy due to EIDs at the global level, the available evidence indicates that identification of the major drivers of such diseases hasn’t received the attention it deserves for proactive preparedness and further research.
Mutual interference between 3,6-dichlorinated carbazole and p,p′-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane in gas chromatography mass spectrometry analysis
Authors: Zhou Shanshan , Su Qi , Zhong Dan , Guo Jiehong , Li An , Liu Jinsong
Published: June 2023

The widespread contamination of environment by polyhalogenated carbazoles (PHCZs) has been increasingly observed during the past decade. Among numerous PHCZ congeners, 3,6-dichlorocarbazole (36-CCZ) is often among the most frequently detected with higher concentrations. Although the environmental level of legacy pesticidep,p′-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (p,p′-DDT) has been declining, it continues to be ubiquitously detected. These two compounds were found to interfere with each other during analyses using gas chromatographic (GC) couples with single- or triple-quadrupole low resolution mass spectrometry (MS or MS/MS). The base peak in mass spectra was that of m/z 235 for both compounds. In MS/MS with multiple reaction monitoring (MRM), the same transitions (235®200 and 235®165) were often used. Under the same GC operating conditions, one of the two GC columns used in this work did not resolve the two compounds at baseline. Pre-treatment using cleanup column chromatography can fractionate the sample extract, with the two compounds separated in different fractions before instrumental analyses. Reversed phase HPLC columns also work for resolving 36-CCZ and p,p′-DDT. But possible overlaps in GC retention and similarity in MS spectra might have caused data inaccuracy for 36-CCZ as well as DDT in some studies published to date, and steps to avoid the interference should be taken into quality control protocols in future research.
Space-confined synthesis of CoSe 2 -NC nanoclusters anchored on honeycomb-like carbon framework towards high-performance lithium sulfur battery
Authors: Sun Xinxing , Gao Hongjing , Shuangke Liu , Weiwei Sun , Yujie Li , Wang Danqin , Qingpeng Guo , Xiaobin Hong , Jing Xu , Zheng Chunman
Published: June 2023

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) battery has been considered to be one of the next generation high energy density rechargeable battery systems due to the high theoretical energy density, low cost and environmental friendliness. However, the commercial application of Li-S battery still faces problems such as sluggish redox kinetics and infamous shuttle effect of sulfur cathode, which result in low sulfur utilization, poor cycle life and unsatisfied rate performance. Herein, we proposed a CoSe2-NC nanoclusters anchored honeycomb-like carbon framework (CoSe2-NC@HCF) as sulfur host aiming to accelerate sulfur conversion and inhibit polysulfides shuttle in Li-S electrochemistry via space-confined growth and in-situ selenization. The obtained CoSe2-NC@HCF provides strong chemical adsorption capability and massive polar cobalt active sites as well as abundant and continuous hierarchical pores supplying adequate sulfur storage space and physical confinement. The S/CoSe2-NC@HCF cathode with sulfur content of 83.24 wt% delivers high sulfur utilization with initial discharge capacity of 1212.9 mAhg-1 at 0.1 C, excellent rate performance with 1094.7 mAh·g–1 at 1C rate, and good cyclability with low capacity decay rate of 0.12% up to 600 cycles.
Iatrogenic pseudoaneurysms in multicentric Castleman disease – a case for caution
Authors: Raymond Aislynn , Savidge Samuel , Nezami Nariman , Fang Adam
Published: June 2023

Background: Castleman disease is a rare, complex lymphoproliferative disorder that is characterized by unicentric or multicentric involvement. Multicentric Castleman disease can be rarely associated with vasculopathy.
Case Presentation: While pseudoaneurysm is an uncommon complication of arterial access, we present a case of iatrogenic common femoral artery pseudoaneurysm followed by iatrogenic radial artery pseudoaneurysm after obtaining arterial accesses for interventions in a patient with Castleman disease.
Conclusion: Patients with Castleman disease may be at increased risk of developing iatrogenic pseudoaneurysms at arterial access sites. Follow-up ultrasound should be considered after arterial access to assess for pseudoaneurysm formation.
Dyslipidemia in adults with type 2 diabetes in a rural community in Ganadougou, Mali: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Diawara Abdoulaye , Coulibaly Djibril Mamadou , Fofana Fatoumata Gniné , Kone Drissa , Traore Mama A. , Bazi Dicko S. , Kassogue Oumar , Sylla Djeneba , Diabaté Oudou , Sangaré Mamadou , Traore Mariam , Nieantao Ibrahim Antoine , Keїta Kaly , Diarra Mamadou , Smith Olivia , Li Jian , Cisse Cheickna , Zheng Crystal , Traore Kassim , Wele Mamadou , Abbas Talib Yusuf , Fatumo Segun , Diakité Mahamadou , Doumbia Seydou O. , Shaffer Jeffrey G.
Published: June 2023

Dyslipidemia is a disorder where abnormally lipid concentrations circulate in the bloodstream. The disorder is common in type 2 diabetics (T2D) and is linked with T2D comorbidities, particularly cardiovascular disease. Dyslipidemia in T2D is typically characterized by elevated plasma triglyceride and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. There is a significant gap in the literature regarding dyslipidemia in rural parts of Africa, where lipid profiles may not be captured through routine surveillance. This study aimed to characterize the prevalence and demo-graphic profile of dyslipidemia in T2D in the rural community of Ganadougou, Mali. We per-formed a cross-sectional study of 104 subjects with T2D in Ganadougou between November 2021 and March 2022. Demographic and lipid profiles were collected through cross-sectional surveys and serological analyses. The overall prevalence of dyslipidemia in T2D patients was 87.5% (91/104), which did not differ by sex (p = .368). High low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was the most common lipid abnormality (78.9%, [82/104]). Dyslipidemia was associated with age and hypertension status (p = .013 and p = .036, respectively). High total and high LDL-C parameters were significantly associated with hypertension (p = .029 and p = .006, respectively). In low-resource settings such as rural Mali, there is a critical need to improve infrastructure for routine dyslipidemia screening to guide its prevention and intervention approaches. The high rates of dyslipidemia observed in Gandadougou, consistent with concom-itant increases in cardiovascular diseases in Africa suggest that lipid profile assessments should be incorporated into routine medical care for T2D patients in African rural settings.
Treatment of Chronic Inflammatory Diseases –
The Potential of Pharmacogenetics
Authors: Nazari Hela , ANDERSEN VIBEKE , Andresen Trine
Published: June 2023

Given the substantial degree of inter-individual variability in treatment responses in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), treatment optimization is warranted.
We provide an overview of pharmacogenetic variants that can affect the efficacy or toxicity of drugs commonly used for IBD.
We used The Danish Register of Medical Product Statistics to collect information about medical treatment from 2000 – 2020. The most used drugs were Methotrexate, Azathioprine, Mesala-zine and Sulfasalazine. Of these Azathioprine, Mesalazine and Sulfasalazine has pharmaco-genetic recommendation guidelines and/or FDA annotations. About 16.853 Danish individuals (~ 842 individuals each year) are potential carriers of a genetic variant with pharmacogenetic dosing guidelines. Moreover, up to 27.044 Danish individuals (~1352 individuals each year) have potential risk of developing immunogenicity.
This study showed the possibilities of pharmacogenetic testing as a supportive clinical decision tool to optimize treatment and minimize the risk of e.g., serious adverse effects, remission and other serious complications.
The utility of a single simple question in the evaluation of the quality of life of patients with myasthenia gravis
Authors: Zhang Li , Liu Xin-Xin , Li Ran , Xie Qiu-Cheng , Xing Chen , Jing Yun
Published: June 2023

Background and purpose
It is difficult to provide a complete and accurate assessment of the quality of life of patients with myasthenia gravis (MG). The objective was to explore a new evaluation method of the quality of life of patients with myasthenia gravis and investigate it’s influencing factors.
Methods
A single-center cross-sectional analysis was performed on myasthenia gravis patients who received continuous treatment in the Neurology outpatient clinic from January 2020 to September 2022. A self-made questionnaire was used to collect patients’ social demographic and clinical features、economic burden. Myasthenia gravis activities of daily living profile(MG-ADL), the 15-item myasthenia gravis quality of life scale(MG-QOL15), the single simple question(SSQ) -- "How satisfied are you with your quality of life since myasthenia gravis (last 1 month)?" (0–10 points, 0 points represent completely dissatisfied with the quality of life, 10 points represent strongly satisfied with the quality of life, ≥ 8 points are classified as high SSQ, ＜8 points were classified as low SSQ). Correlation analysis was conducted between SSQ and MG-ADL and MG-QOL15, and univariate and multivariate binary logistics were used to analyze the influencing factors of high SSQ.
Results
A total of 99 valid questionnaires were collected in this study. There was a moderate negative correlation between the SSQ and MG-ADL (r=-0.547, P = 0.000) and MG-QOL15 (r=-0.608, P = 0.000). There was also a significant negative correlation between SSQ and physiological subgroup (r=-0.552, P = 0.000), psychological subgroup (r=-0.562, P = 0.000), and social subgroup (r=-0.534, P = 0.000) of MG-QO15. The AUC value of MG-QOL15 was 0.797 (95%CI: 70.38%-89.08%), and the Cut-off value was 6 points (0.794 sensitivity, 0.708 specificity). The AUC value of MG-ADL was 0.783 (95%CI: 68.91%-87.69%), and the Cut-off value was 0 points (0.912 sensitivity, 0.523 specificity). There was statistical significance in the SSQ among groups with different economic burdens (F = 2.988, P = 0.023). logistics regression analysis model showed that the MGFA-PIS and MG-QOL15 were the main influencing factors of SSQ (z= -2.663, OR = 0.294 P = 0.008) (z= -2.948, 0R = 0.935, P = 0.003).
Conclusion
The single simple question -"How satisfied you are with your quality of life since myasthenia gravis (last 1 month)?" is a feasible and effective method to evaluate the quality of life of MG patients, and it can be recommended for routine clinical assessment. The prognosis and economic burden of the disease are important factors influencing the quality of life of patients with myasthenia gravis.
Micro and Nanoplastics size distribution in mussel tissues: first evidence, identification, and quantification in the nanogram range
Authors: Fraissinet Silvia , De Benedetto Giuseppe , Malitesta Cosimino , Holzinger Rupert , Materic Dusan
Published: June 2023

Microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) (MNPs) are hazardous to ecosystems, wildlife, and through seafood, also for human health. Due to biological, chemical, and physical characteristics, NPs can slip through cell membranes, being even more toxicologically important than MPs. Thermal Desorption - Proton Transfer Reaction - Mass Spectrometry (TD-PTR-MS) was used to analyse mussels from the Apulian region, Italy. All the analysed organisms have NPs (values ranging from 10 ng MNPs/ DW mg to 187 ng MNPs / DW mg). The highest mass of plastics was detected in the size groups > 2,2 µm (218 ng MNPs / DW mg) and 20–200 nm (187 ng MNPs / DW mg). An upscaling we performed estimated that people in Europe could ingest more than 2 mg of NPs per year through seafood consumption. The detected presence of nanoplastics in farmed mussels here presented contributes to establishing a baseline for monitoring these pollutants.
Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Harvesting in Young Children Weighing Less Than 15 Kilograms: A Single-Institute Experience in Taiwan
Authors: Lee Chih-Ying , Yu Ting-Yen , Lin Fen-Lan , Hung Giun-Yi , Hou Ming-Hsin , Ho Cheng-Yin , Liu Chun-Yu , Chiou Tzeon-Jye , Yen Hsiu-Ju
Published: June 2023

Autologous peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) transplantation is crucial in pediatric cancer treatment, and tandem transplantation is beneficial in certain malignancies. Collecting PBSCs in small children with low body weight is challenging. We retrospectively analyzed data of pediatric cancer patients weighing < 15 kg who underwent autologous peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) transplantation in our institute. Collections were performed in the pediatric intensive care unit over 2 or 3 consecutive days, to harvest sufficient stem cells(goal: ≥2 × 106 CD34 + cells/kg per apheresis). From April 2006 to August 2021, we performed 129 collections after 50 mobilizations in 40 patients, with a median age of 1.9 (range, 0.6–5.6) years and a body weight of 11.0 (range, 6.6–14.7). The median CD34 + cell collection in each apheresis was 4.2 × 106/kg. 78% of mobilizations achieved cell dose for single transplantation, while 56% for tandem transplantation, without additional aliquoting. Age < 2 years, no radiation exposure, and mobilization with chemotherapy were predictors of goal achievement through multivariate analysis (p < 0.05). PBSC collection in 2 or 3 consecutive days is safe and feasible for pediatric patients weighing < 15 kg. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor alone was not effective for mobilization in children > 2 years, even without radiation exposure.
Experimental study on dynamic exhaust law for ventilation system of gas tunnel
Authors: Zhang Ping
Published: June 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Asymptotical stability criterion for the exact solutions and the numerical solutions of nonlinear impulsive neutral differential equations
Authors: Zhang Gui-Lai , Wang Zhi-Wei , Sun Yang , Liu Song-Shu
Published: June 2023

In this article, we first transform the problems of the bounded stability and asymptotical stability of impulsive neutral delay differential equations(INDDEs) into the problems of neutral delay differential equations (NDDEs) without impulsive perturbations, then we further transform them into the problems of ordinary different equations with a forcing term. On this basis, some new sufficient conditions for bounded stability and asymptotical stability of the exact solutions of INDDEs are obtained and the numerical methods for INDDEs are constructed. In these sufficient conditions, the numerical methods which can preserve the bounded stability and asymptotical stability of the exact solutions are provided. And two numerical examples are given to demonstrate the theoretical results.
Study on the influence of the COVID-19 lockdown and quarantine on thermal comfort of a university dormitory
Authors: Yang Guang , Xu Ruyue , Dong Haoxin , Wang Jue , Gui Jing , Tian Taipeng
Published: June 2023

In order to understand the influence of the lockdown of COVID-19 on the thermal comfort of college students' dormitories, the temperature and humidity inside and outside the dormitories of a university in the severe cold region in spring were tested on site. At the same time, the environmental conditions and students' emotional state in college students' dormitories were investigated in the form of online questionnaires. Taking PMV as the overall evaluation index of thermal comfort, the linear regression equations of MTS and PMV were obtained by weighted regression analysis of MTS, PMV and air temperature. By analyzing the relationship curve between TSV and TCV, it can be seen that the comfort in the thermal environment is higher than that in the cold environment, and students are more inclined to the hot environment. The results of the questionnaire showd that during the period of COVID-19 lockdown, college students stayed in the dormitory for a long time, with little activity intensity, and a few students had irritability. Most students do not fully realize that indoor air quality can be adjusted by adaptive behavior, such as intermittent opening of doors and windows, increasing the opening of doors and windows. The regression equations of indoor residence time, exercise intensity and emotional state with TSV and TCV were fitted, and their effects on TSV and TCV were analyzed. It can be seen that the indoor residence time had no significant effect on TSV and TCV during the lockdown period. Low-intensity activity is conducive to indoor thermal comfort in spring, and human thermal comfort and thermal sensation are the best in a calm emotional state. This study is conducive to improving the thermal environment of college students' dormitories during the lockdown period, improving the comfort of dormitories, and preparing for the isolation of public health emergencies in the future.
Exfoliated carbon nitrides for corrosion prevention in radiators: Temperature-dependent corrosion analysis
Authors: Vasudevan D , Senthilkumar D , Kumaravel A
Published: June 2023

This article outlines the preparation and exfoliation of graphitic-carbon nitride (GCN) by thermal polymerization technique using urea proceeded by the hydrothermal approach for the application of corrosion resistance in radiators. The prepared sample was characterized by using various methods. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) confirmed the purity of GCN, and surface morphology results revealed the formation of spherical-shaped GCN. Herein, graphitic carbon nitride (GCN) was synthesized to enhance its corrosion-resistance performance on mild steel (MS) under a seawater atmosphere. The corrosion behavior of the graphitic-carbon nitride (GCN) synthesized by the hydrothermal method was examined by conducting electrochemical corrosion tests in a 3.5% NaCl medium under three different temperatures. The excellent temperature dependant electro-catalytic activity of the prepared GCN was analyzed. The hydrothermal exfoliation process highly enhances the structural, optical, and electrochemical properties like corrosion resistance and stability of the prepared GCN. This study demonstrates that hydrothermally exfoliated GCN exhibits low corrosion rates and high electrochemical corrosion resistance, which could be a potential candidate for corrosion inhibitors in radiators.
Developing a Resource of Wild x Cultigen Introgression Lines for Crop Improvement of Chickpea
Authors: Korbu Lijalem Balcha , Mamo Bullo Erena , Mir Reyazul Rouf , Negash Kassaye Dinegde , Penmetsa Varma , Carrasquila-Garcia Noelia , Chang Peter , Tesfaye Kassahun , Kaliamoorthy Sivasakthi , von Wettberg Eric , Vadez Vincent , Cook Douglas R , Fikre Asnake Welde Medihin
Published: June 2023

Most cultivated germplasm pools have a narrow genetic basis of diversity due to domestication bottleneck and selection pressure in modern breeding. The combined genetic bottlenecks limit the potentials of improving traits of high agricultural significance. Crop wild relatives (CWRs) represent a primary source of novel genotypes from where pre-domestication genetic diversity can be restored into modern cultivars. Among the members of the wild Cicer species, C. reticulatum and C. echinospermum are the closest relatives having high cross-compatibility with the cultigen, C. arietinum. A wild x cultigen introgression cross was initiated by mating 20 wild founder parents with farmer-preferred elite cultivars aimed at mining trait-improving alleles from CWRs. Six broad sets of introgression panels were established by involving the 20 founders and three elite cultigens that generated 46 diverse families, and a total of 525 F1 hybrids. Selfing of the F1 progenies produced a total of 3,199 F2 populations. The study revealed significant variation among the founder parents and their derivative progeny for basic plant growth, vigor and architecture traits. A noticeable proportion of the introgression progeny outperformed both parents for yield-attributable traits, suggesting high breeding value of CWRs that resulted in positive allelic recombination. Of the 20 founder parents, 9 were identified as genetically superior for desirable and heritable traits. The study uncovers the genetic power of chickpea’s CWRs in preserving wide-ranging allelic variants vital for harnessing resilience traits. The introgression breeding initiatives reported here generated diverse pre-breeding populations as immortalized genetic resources ideal for future genetic studies.
A Broadband Rectenna for RF Energy Harvesting from Low Power Levels
Authors: Ojha Shailendra Singh , Tomar Ranjeet Singh , Akashe Shyam , Mishra Sadhana , Dhakad Bhupendra , Sharma Mayank , Alqahtani Malak S. , Ghoniem Rania M. , Abbas Mohamed , Soufiene Ben Othman
Published: June 2023

In the article, a broadband rectenna is proposed that can harvest energy from low input power levels. A broadband rectenna is designed that can operate between 1.4 GHz and 2.8 GHz with a bandwidth of 1.4 GHz. The proposed rectenna covers two important bands, i.e., GSM 1800 MHz and ISM 2450 MHz. The antenna consists of an antenna and a rectifier. A hexagonal patch antenna is designed with a defective ground structure that can operate from 1.4 GHz to 2.8 GHz. For rectification purposes, the HSMS2850 Schottky diode is used. To achieve good conversion efficiency, a matching circuit (a combination of bandpass and high-pass section) is designed. Maximum simulated conversion efficiencies achieved at 1.8 GHz with a load resistance of 1.3 kΩ are 21%, 36.3%, 51.2%, 63.7%, and 73.4% at power levels of -20 dBm, -15 dBm, -10 dBm, -5 dBm, and 0 dBm, respectively. Simulated conversion efficiency achieved at 2.45 GHz with a load resistance of 2 kΩ is 22.5%, 35%, 46%, 57.2%, and 68.5% at power levels of -20 dBm, -15 dBm, -10 dBm, -5 dBm, and 0 dBm, respectively. With an optimum load of 2 kΩ and IPLs of -20 dBm, -15 dBm, -10 dBm, -5 dBm, and 0 dBm, the measured conversion efficiencies at 1.8 GHz are 22%, 36%, 51.5%, 65%, and 66.4%, respectively, and at 2.45 GHz they are 22%, 36%, 46%, 57%, and 67%, respectively.
Intelligent monitoring and analysis of physical education based on IoT and deep learning in the context of big data
Authors: Liang Bingyuan , Wu Liujin
Published: June 2023

This paper proposes a system for detecting errors in physical education training that utilizes the Internet of Things and deep learning technology, with the aim of reducing error rates and improving detection effectiveness. The hardware component of the system employs an IoT sensing network that includes an infrared sensor, a three-axis acceleration sensor, a heart rate band, a pulse sensor, and a body temperature monitoring probe to collect real-time physical function parameters from physical trainers. In the software component of the system, a lightweight network is formed by combining the improved MobileNetV3 with SSD, and Bi-FPN is then incorporated to fuse features and achieve accurate detection of errors in sports teaching and training. The experimental results show that the system has good performance and good detection performance for sports teaching and training error actions. The mean average precision (mAP) on the self-made dataset is 94.3%, which is 4.1% higher than the original network. It can accurately detect the training errors of sports personnel in various regions.
Is there a relationship between psychological status and posture in chronic low back pain?
Authors: KHEZAMI Mehrzia Amani , BAHLOULI Emna , JEDDOU Imededdine BEN , SALAH Fatma Zohra BEN , SOLTANI Mouna , ALOULOU Ines , GHIDAOUI Leïla , LEBIB Sonia , MIRI Imen , Dziri Catherine
Published: June 2023

ContextChronic non-specific low back pain (CNLBP) is a major public health. Numerous studies have evaluated the contribution of posturology in the assessment and the rehabilitation of this pathology. The aim of our work was to investigate the relationship between posturological and muscular assessments in patients with CNLBP.MethodsIt’s about an observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study. The muscle assessment included Quadriceps Femoris flexibility using the heel-to-buttock distance and Hamstrings flexibility using the popliteal angle. Isometric muscle strength of the extensor and flexor muscles of the trunk was assessed by the Biering-Sorensen test and the Shirado test, respectively. The evaluation of static postural control was performed by the SATEL® force platform in two conditions (opened eyes/closed mouth) and (closed eyes/closed mouth). The chi-square test or Fisher's exact test was used to assess differences between categorical variables, and means were compared using Pearson's or Spearman's correlation tests depending on the distribution of the variables. Comparison between qualitative and quantitative variables was done by ANOVA test for normally distributed variables and Mann-Whitney or Kruskall-Wallis tests for non-normally distributed data.ResultsForty patients were included. The study of muscle flexibility according to force plateform parameters showed that left Hamstring stiffness was significantly correlated with XY (p = .037) and with instability in the sagittal plane (p = .036). On the other hand, the stiffness of the anterior rectus muscles (right and/or left) was significantly correlated with XY (p = 0.019 for the right muscle and 0.011 for the left muscle) and with postural instability in the frontal plane (p = .015 for the right muscle and .026 for the left muscle). We also founded a significant association between the increase in Romberg quotient and right Hamstring stiffness (p = .003).ConclusionsOur study as well as literature findings suggest that the Quadriceps Femoris and the Hamstrings play have a significant role in core stability of patients with chronic non-specific back pain. A larger number of patients and a control group would have made it possible to establish a cause- effect relationship between Quadriceps Femoris, Hamstrings and static postural control abnormalities.
Carbon emissions from rivers may be underestimated: evidence from European drying networks
Authors: López-Rojo Naiara , Datry Thibault , Peñas Francisco J. , Singer Gabriel , Lamouroux Nicolas , Barquín José , Rodeles Amaia A. , Silverthorn Teresa , Sarremejane Romain , Campo Rubén del , Estévez Edurne , Mimeau Louise , Boyer Frédéric , Künne Annika , Foulquier Arnaud
Published: June 2023

Rivers receive substantial amounts of terrestrial organic carbon and a large fraction is released as CO2 or CH4 to the atmosphere. Global estimates of CO2 or CH4 emissions from inland waters are based on perennial rivers, although more than half of the global river length is prone to flow intermittence (lacking flowing water part of the year). The contraction of the flowing phase, with final fragmentation of river networks by drying of non-perennial reaches, can reduce or promote emissions at the local-(river reach) or regional-(river network) scale. We quantified CO2 and CH4 emissions from flowing water and dry riverbeds across six European drying river networks (DRNs, 120 reaches) and three seasons providing a unique dataset with 443 measurements. We identified drivers of emissions among local and regional variables and metrics describing local drying patterns and network-scale fragmentation. We also upscaled net CO2 emissions to the 6 DRNs and annual timescale. CO2 and CH4 emissions from flowing water in non-perennial reaches were affected by drying severity indicating a legacy effect, even after flow resumption. At the network scale, dry riverbeds contributed to annual emissions up to 77%, indicating an urgent need to include non-perennial rivers when assessing global greenhouse gas emissions.