bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using CAD/CAM–Modified Correlation Mode to Produce Laminate Veneers: A Six-Month Case Report
Authors: de Siqueira FSF , Cardenas AFM , Gruber YL , Kose C , Pupo YM , Gomes GM , Gomes OMM , Gomes JC
Published: August 2017

The expectation of an esthetically harmonious smile increases the level of difficulty when treating patients. Laminate veneers stand out as a treatment option for cosmetic rehabilitation in clinical practice, as they are a more conservative procedure and mimic dental structures. These laminate veneers are generally made with different techniques; the most common requires an impression of the prepared tooth, an impression antagonist, fabrication models, and extensive laboratory time. The computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) system optimizes the fabrication of prosthetic structures, reducing chairside time and promoting good esthetic results. Thus, the purpose of this case report is to present the esthetic result of multiple CAD/CAM manufactured laminate veneers using a new self-etching glass ceramic primer with a lithium disilicate ceramic, using the modified correlation and biogeneric modes.
Preemptive Use of Naproxen on Tooth Sensitivity Caused by In-Office Bleaching: A Triple-Blind, Crossover, Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Fernandes MT , Vaez SC , Lima CM , Nahsan FP , Loguércio AD , Faria-e-Silva AL
Published: August 2017

Objectives:

A triple-blind, randomized, crossover clinical trial evaluated prior use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory naproxen on sensitivity reported by patients undergoing in-office tooth bleaching.

Methods and Materials:

Fifty patients were subjected to two sessions of in-office tooth bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide in a single application of 40 minutes for two sessions, with an interval of seven days between applications. One hour prior to the procedure, each patient randomly received a single dose of naproxen (500 mg) or placebo. The patient's sensitivity level was evaluated during and immediately after the bleaching using two scales (verbal and visual analog); the verbal scale only was repeated after 24 hours. The effectiveness of the bleaching procedures was evaluated with the Bleachedguide scale. Relative risk to sensitivity was calculated and adjusted by session, while comparison of overall risk was performed by the McNemar test. Data on the sensitivity level for both scales and shade were subjected to the Friedman, Wilcoxon, and Mann-Whitney tests (α=0.05).

Results:

The use of naproxen only decreased the absolute risk and intensity of tooth sensitivity reported immediately after the second session. On the other hand, no measurable effect was observed during or 24 hours after either session. The sequence of drug administration did not affect the bleaching effectiveness.

Conclusions:

Preemptive use of naproxen only reduced tooth sensitivity reported by patients immediately after the second session of bleaching.
Dando voz às crianças: percepções acerca do papel da dimensão afetiva na atividade pedagógica
Authors: Loos-Sant'Ana Helga , Barbosa Priscila
Published: August 2017

Este artigo apresenta parte de um estudo, de caráter exploratório e qualitativo, que teve como objetivo investigar representações de crianças acerca da relação afetiva estabelecida com seus professores, bem como suas percepções a respeito de como essa relação implica na aprendizagem escolar. Os participantes foram 12 crianças da 4ª série do ensino fundamental oriundas de uma escola municipal de Curitiba (Paraná, Brasil), com idade média de 10 anos. O delineamento metodológico foi pautado em três instrumentos: desenhos com histórias, produzidos pelas crianças; histórias inacabadas, a serem completadas pelas crianças; entrevista semiestruturada, na qual se buscou identificar os significantes predominantes no discurso das crianças. Como resultados, cinco categorias de representações foram obtidas: (1) atenção, conversa e ajuda; (2) afeto, carinho e estima; (3) momentos divertidos e de proximidade; (4) desejo de aprender; (5) desejo de ensinar. Análises de conteúdo, bem como estudos individualizados de cada participante, permitiram observar que tais categorias se manifestam na relação entre as crianças e seus professores por meio de variados formatos, sendo que o investimento afetivo dos professores em seus alunos é percebido por estes últimos como de importância capital para o desencadeamento de processos motivacionais e cognitivos necessários à aprendizagem.
Os cadernos formativos do PNEM e suas implicações na configuração curricular do ensino médio para a juventude brasileira
Authors: Dantas Jéferson
Published: August 2017

A abordagem problematizada neste artigo, ancorada em estudos bibliográficos sobre a juventude, detém-se em análises documentais referentes à criação do Pacto Nacional pelo Fortalecimento do Ensino Médio (PNEM), às Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais do Ensino Médio (DCNEM) e aos cadernos de formação do PNEM, tendo como destinatários os professores de ensino médio de todo o País, com destaque para o estado de Santa Catarina.
Institucionalização da formação docente: análise de um programa de desenvolvimento profissional
Authors: Xavier Amanda , Toti Michelle , Azevedo Maria Antonia
Published: August 2017

Este estudo tem como objetivo principal analisar, com base na literatura discutida, a institucionalização de um programa de desenvolvimento profissional de uma universidade federal brasileira, com vistas a identificar seu nível de consolidação, bem como a concepção dos docentes sobre ele. Adotou-se como metodologia a pesquisa qualitativa e foram utilizadas, para coleta de dados, a análise documental e a aplicação de questionário estruturado aos docentes participantes do programa. O referencial teórico que embasa a análise está pautado nos estudos da pedagogia universitária, especialmente de Cunha, Masetto, Morgado. Foi possível inferir que os documentos institucionais analisados reforçam a visão do programa de formação docente apenas como uma exigência legal para aprovação no estágio probatório, destinado, dessa forma, aos professores ingressantes. Verifica-se, ainda, maior interesse docente nas questões ligadas aos aspectos práticos e/ou burocráticos da docência (uso de sistemas acadêmicos, trâmites legais) em detrimento dos saberes específicos da atuação docente. No entanto, não podemos desconsiderar que a experiência analisada retrata um programa relativamente jovem, com apenas dez anos de existência, e que, frente às alterações que já experimentou, acreditamos haver uma preocupação em aprimorar o programa de formação pedagógica e de desenvolvimento profissional docente.
La estética de Ortega
Authors: Silver Philip
Published: August 2017

En este número no se incluyeron resúmenes ni palabras clave.
Aura Gómez de Ivashevsky, Lenguaje coloquial venezolano. Universidad Central de Venezuela, Instituto de Filología Andrés Bello, 1969; 502 pp.
Authors: Perissinotto Giorgio Sabino Antonio
Published: August 2017

Se reseñó el libro: Lenguaje coloquial venezolano.
María Isabel de Gregorio de Mac, El voseo en la literatura argentina. Santa Fe, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, 1967; 59 pp. (Cuadernos del Instituto de Letras).
Authors: Lope Blanch Juan M.
Published: August 2017

Se reseñó el libro: El voseo en la literatura argentina.
El Romancero. Estudio y notas y comentarios de texto por Giuseppe Di Stefano. Narcea, Madrid, 1973; 386 pp. (Bitácora. Biblioteca del estudiante, 33).
Authors: Díaz Roig Mercedes
Published: August 2017

Se reseñó el libro: El Romancero. Estudio y notas y comentarios de texto por Giuseppe Di Stefano.
Francisco Rico, La novela picaresca y el punto de vista. Seix Barral, Barcelona, 1973; 2a. ed., 146 pp. (Biblioteca breve. Ensayo).
Authors: Rodríguez-Luis Julio
Published: August 2017

Se reseñó el libro: La novela picaresca y el punto de vista.
Mercedes Rein, Nicanor Parra y la antipoesía. Universidad de la República, Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias, Montevideo, 1970; 50 pp.
Authors: Silva Hernán A.
Published: August 2017

Se reseñó el libro: Nicanor Parra y la antipoesía.
Normas locales, regionales, nacionales y universales en la América española
Authors: Rona José Pedro
Published: August 2017

En este número no se incluyeron resúmenes ni palabras clave.
Aspectos temáticos y técnicos de "Rosita" de Valle-Inclán
Authors: González del Valle Luis , González del Valle Antolín
Published: August 2017

En este número no se incluyeron resúmenes ni palabras clave.
T. A Perry, Art and meaning in Berceo's "Vida de Santa Oria". Yale University Press, New Haven & London, 1968; x + 231 p. (Yale Romanie'Studies, Second Series, 19).
Authors: Astey Luis
Published: August 2017

Se reseñó el libro: Art and meaning in Berceo's "Vida de Santa Oria".
Antony Van Beysterveldt, La poesía amatoria del siglo XV y el teatro profano de Juan del Encina. Ínsula, Madrid, 1972; 294 pp.
Authors: Hathaway Robert L.
Published: August 2017

Se reseñó el libro: La poesía amatoria del siglo XV y el teatro profano de Juan del Encina.
Christian Meerts, Technique et vision dans "Señas de identidad" de J. Goytisolo. Vittorio Klostermann, Frankfurt/M., 1972; 82 pp. (Analecta Romanica, 31).
Authors: Mora Blanca Elvia
Published: August 2017

Se reseñó el libro: Technique et vision dans "Señas de identidad" de J. Goytisolo.
Fuentes y relaciones en "La serrana de la Vera"
Authors: Rodríguez Cepeda Enrique
Published: August 2017

En este número no se incluyeron resúmenes ni palabras clave.
Suma cervantina. Ed. de J. B. Avalle-Arce y E. C. Riley. Tamesis Books, London, 1973; xi + 452 pp. (Serie A, Monografías, 14).
Authors: Rodríguez-Luis Julio
Published: August 2017

Se reseñó el libro: Suma cervantina.
Manuel Mantero (comp.), Los derechos del hombre en la poesía hispánica contemporánea. Antología. Gredos, Madrid, 1973; 536 pp. (BRH, Antología hispánica, 32).
Authors: Venier Martha Elena
Published: August 2017

Se reseñó el libro: Los derechos del hombre en la poesía hispánica contemporánea. Antología.
El sueño del alférez Campuzano
Authors: Cabrera Vicente
Published: August 2017

En este número no se incluyeron resúmenes ni palabras clave.
De nuevo sobre la apócope vocálica en castellano medieval
Authors: Lapesa Rafael
Published: August 2017

En este número no se incluyeron resúmenes ni palabras clave.
"El conde Lucanor": composición y significado
Authors: Gimeno Casalduero Joaquín
Published: August 2017

En este número no se incluyeron resúmenes ni palabras clave.
El romance de 'La muerte del príncipe de Portugal' en la tradición moderna
Authors: Bénichou Paul
Published: August 2017

En este número no se incluyeron resúmenes ni palabras clave.
Génesis del primer "Dominguito"
Authors: Anderson Imbert Enrique
Published: August 2017

En este número no se incluyeron resúmenes ni palabras clave.
Poética y poema (por ejemplo en Octavio Paz)
Authors: Segovia Tomás
Published: August 2017

En este número no se incluyeron resúmenes ni palabras clave.
Cuentecillos y chistes tradicionales en la obra de Quevedo. Contribución a una historia del conceptismo
Authors: Chevalier Maxime
Published: August 2017

En este número no se incluyeron resúmenes ni palabras clave.
Los dos comienzos de la historia de Cardenio
Authors: Rodríguez-Luis Julio
Published: August 2017

En este número no se incluyeron resúmenes ni palabras clave.
Alfonso López Quintas, El pensamiento filosófico de Ortega y D'Ors. Una clave de interpretación. Guadarrama, Madrid, 1972; 434 pp.
Authors: Gómez Martínez José Luis
Published: August 2017

Se reseñó el libro: El pensamiento filosófico de Ortega y D'Ors. Una clave de interpretación.
Evaluation of clinical and histologic factors associated with survival time in dogs with stage II splenic hemangiosarcoma treated by splenectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy: 30 cases (2011–2014)
Authors: Moore Antony S. , Rassnick Kenneth M. , Frimberger Angela E.
Published: August 2017

OBJECTIVE To determine histologic and clinical factors associated with survival time in dogs with stage II splenic hemangiosarcoma treated by splenectomy and a chemotherapy protocol in which an anthracycline was alternated with lomustine.

DESIGN Retrospective case series.

ANIMALS 30 dogs with stage II splenic hemangiosarcoma.

PROCEDURES Medical records of 3 facilities were reviewed to identify dogs treated for stage II splenic hemangiosarcoma between June 2011 and October 2014. Information collected included signalment, disease staging data, whether anemia was present, date of splenectomy, chemotherapy protocol, adverse effects, and date of death or last follow-up. Histologic slides were reviewed and scored by pathologists. Associations between variables of interest and survival data were evaluated statistically.

RESULTS Median survival time for all dogs was 158 days (range, 55 to 560 days), and the 1-year survival rate was 16%. On multivariate analysis, only the histologically determined mitotic score was significantly associated with survival time. The median survival time of 292 days for dogs with a mitotic score of 0 (< 11 mitoses/10 hpf; n = 9) was significantly longer than that for dogs with higher scores (indicating higher mitotic rates); the 1-year survival rate for these dogs was 42%.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results suggested that future studies should take histologic factors, particularly mitotic rate, as well as tumor stage into account when assessing treatment effects on survival time of dogs with splenic hemangiosarcoma.
Evaluation of milk components as diagnostic indicators for rumen indigestion in dairy cows
Authors: Kirchman Stephanie E. , Pinedo Pablo J. , Maunsell Fiona P. , Risco Carlos A. , Donovan G. Arthur
Published: August 2017

OBJECTIVE To identify milk component alterations that might be useful for detecting cows with rumen indigestion.

DESIGN Prospective case-control study.

ANIMALS 23 Holstein cows with rumen indigestion (cases) and 33 healthy cohorts (controls) from 1 herd.

PROCEDURES Cases were defined as cows between 30 and 300 days postpartum with a > 10% decrease in milk yield for 2 consecutive milkings or > 20% decrease in milk yield from the 10-day rolling mean during any milking, abnormally decreased rumen motility, and no other abnormalities. Each case was matched with 2 healthy cows (controls) on the basis of pen, parity, days postpartum, and mean milk yield. Some cows were controls for multiple cases. All cows underwent a physical examination and collection of a rumen fluid sample for pH measurement at study enrollment. Individual-cow milk yield and milk component data were obtained for the 16 milkings before and after study enrollment. Rumen motility and pH and milk components were compared between cases and controls.

RESULTS Rumen motility for cases was decreased from that of controls. Cases had an abrupt increase in milk fat percentage and the milk fat-to-lactose ratio during the 2 milkings immediately before diagnosis of rumen indigestion. Receiver operating characteristic analyses revealed that a 10% increase in the milk fat-to-lactose ratio had the highest combined sensitivity (57%) and specificity (85%) for identifying cows with rumen indigestion.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results indicated that a positive deviation in the milk fat-to-lactose ratio might be useful for identifying cows with rumen indigestion.
PENGARUH LAMA PENGERINGAN TERHADAP MUTU MANISAN KERING BUAH CARICA (Carica candamarcensis)
Authors: Yunita Mulya , Rahmawati Rahmawati
Published: August 2017

Carica merupakan buah khas daerah Dieng yang memiliki rasa asam, pahit dan air tinggi, sehingga buah jarang dikonsumsi segar dan cepat rusak. Salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan kegunaan buah, dengan mengurangi rasa asam dan kandungan airnya maka dibuat menjadi manisan kering. Manisan kering merupakan makanan ringan yang awet, dibuat dengan menambahkan gula dan mengeringkannya. Penelitian bertujuan mempelajari waktu pengeringan untuk memperoleh manisan kering buah carica berkualitas baik berdasarkan uji fisik (kekerasan dan rendemen), kimia (serat kasar, kadar air, kadar abu, protein, lemak, karbohidrat by different, Aw, total padatan terlarut, total gula dan total asam) serta uji organoleptik (uji mutu hedonik untuk warna, bau, tekstur, dan rasa; serta uji rangking berdasarkan tekstur). Data dianalisa dengan uji Anova dan uji lanjut Duncan. Waktu pengeringan yang digunakan adalah 9, 9.5, 10, 10.5 dan 11 jam. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa waktu pengeringan 10 jam menghasilkan produk terbaik. Karakteristik produk ini adalah mempunyai kekerasan 5593.28gf, rendemen 26.14%, serat kasar 1.08%, kadar air 20.05%, kadar abu 0.88%, kadar protein 1.39%, lemak 0.012%, karbohidrat by different 77.68%, aw 0.62%, total padatan terlarut 39.39% total dissolve solid, total gula 45.86%, total asam 0.61%, berwarna kekuningan, aroma buah kuat, tekstur yang kenyal dan berasa manis.
EKSTRAKSI MINYAK ATSIRI DARI KULIT JERUK SEBAGAI BAHAN TAMBAHAN PADA PEMBUATAN SABUN
Authors: Yustinah Yustinah
Published: August 2017

Jeruk adalah salah satu buah-buahan tropis yang banyak dihasilkan di Indonesia. Industri minuman banyak menggunakan buah jeruk sebagai bahan baku, sehingga mengakibatkan limbah yang dihasilkan jumlahnya cukup banyak, salah satunya limbah kulit jeruk. Tujuan penelitian adalah memanfaatan limbah kulit jeruk yang tidak dikonsumsi, sehingga akan meningkatkan nilai ekonomi limbah tersebut. Tahap penelitian mula-mula, kulit jeruk dipotong-potong kecil-kecil, kemudian timbang kulit jeruk sebanyak 300 gram lalu dilarutkan dalam etanol. Proses ekstraksi dilakukan dengan pengadukan konstan 500 rpm selama 3 jam dengan variabel jumlah pelarut sebanyak 300 ml, 350 ml, 400 ml, 450 ml dan 500 ml. Hasil ekstraksi kemudian disaring dengan melewatkannya pada Na2SO4 anhidrat dan filtratnya diambil. Selanjutnya,filtrat dipanaskan menggunakan vacum evaporator pada suhu 60°C sampai semua etanol menguap. Setelah diperoleh minyak atsiri, maka dilanjutkan proses pembuatan sabun dengan minyak atsiri yang didapat sebagai zat tambahan. Penelitian ini menghasilkan minyak atsiri yang optimum terdapat pada jumlah pelarut 500 ml sebanyak 2,3432 gram dan terendah pada jumlah pelarut 300 ml sebanyak 1,4145 gram. Dari analisa GC-MS didapatkan senyawa limonen yang terdapat dalam minyak atsiri pada waktu 7,01 menit dengan persen area sebesar 96,79%. Hasil pengujian hedonik terhadap tekstur dan aroma sabun yang sudah ditambah minyak atsiri dapat diterima oleh para panelis. Kata kunci: etanol, kulit jeruk, minyak atsiri, sabun
PERBANDINGAN METODE EKSTRAKSI MASERASI DAN REFLUKS TERHADAP KADAR FENOLIK DARI EKSTRAK TONGKOL JAGUNG (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Susanty Susanty , Bachmid Fairus
Published: August 2017

Jagung merupakan salah satu jenis tanaman pangan yang paling banyak dibudidayakan di dunia. Produksinya yang terus meningkat setiap tahun menghasilkan limbah tongkol jagung yang melimpah paska panen. Salah satu upaya pemanfaatan limbah tongkol jagung ini dengan mengekstrak kandungan fenolik yang terdapat di dalamnya. Fenolik merupakan golongan flavonoid yang memiliki sifat antioksidan dan aktivitas antiradikal yang bermanfaat bagi kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan metode ekstraksi maserasi dan refluks terhadap kadar fenolik yang dihasilkan dari ekstrak etanol 75 % dari tongkol jagung (Zea mays L.). Ekstrak  dipekatkan menggunakan alat rotary evaporator pada temperatur 50oC dan putaran 120 rpm untuk mendapatkan ekstrak senyawa fenolik yang kental, kemudian di oven pada suhu 50oC selama 2 hari. Selanjutnya penentuan kadar fenolik total dari hasil ekstraksi dilakukan menggunakan metode Folin-Ciocalteu  yang  menyerap  cahaya  pada panjang  gelombang  765  nm dengan menggunakan  larutan  standar asam galat (GAE) untuk mengkalibrasi respon spektrofotometer pada konsentrasi 300, 400, 500, 600, dan 700 mg/L.  Persamaan regresi linear y = 0,0008 x + 0,0086 dengan nilai R2 = 0,9987 yang diperoleh dari kurva kalibrasi digunakan untuk membantu menentukan kadar fenol dalam sampel. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kadar fenolik dari ekstraksi maserasi sebesar 0,312 mg/g atau 312,420 mg/kg, sedangkan kadar Fenolik dalam ekstrak etanol 75 % pada tongkol jagung dengan metode ekstraksi refluks sebesar 0,397 mg/g atau 396,768 mg/kg. Kadar fenolik yang lebih besar diperoleh dari metode refluks. Kata kunci: antioksidan, fenolik, maserasi, refluks, tongkol jagung
Factors of Success and Failure in Second Language Learning
Authors: Anita Anita
Published: August 2017

This study aims to examine and elaborate the factors that contribute to the success and failure of English speakers as the second language in the pursuit of this language in three aspects of the language: fluency, language structure and pronunciation. Data for this study was obtained by conducting semi structured interviews with two students at Victoria University in Wellington, New Zealand. Qualitative data analysis shows that factors such as second language learning in the pre-trial period, in the second language environment, exposure to the second language, the ability to acculturate, the motivation and the learning strategies impact on the mastery of the languages in the three areas mentioned above. Data analysis also shows that the existence and absence of such factors in the second language learning period significantly affect the mastery of language in the three areas.
LANGUAGE COMPETENCE OF STUDENT TOWARD RIGHT HEMISPHER BRAIN FUNCTION : A Neuropragmatic Study
Authors: Handoko Handoko , Sastra Gusdi , Revita Ike
Published: August 2017

It has been known that the right hemisphere is contributed to language processing, especially in macro level, including macrostructure or discourse processing. This research is aimed at evaluating the students' ability in language processing concerning macrostructure and the right hemispher brain function. This research is based on Dharmaperwira-prins method 'Right Hemisphere Communication Assessment' (Pemeriksaan Komunikasi Hemisfer Kanan/PKHK). Research on students' ability in macrostructure processing is important to conduct since students nowadays are regarded lack of ability in well being communication. The research is conducted toward 38 students of English Department of Andalas University. The data are taken by paper test which is designed to evaluate the students' ability in macrostructure.
The result of research shows that most students have problems in providing important information, adjective, and feeling. By this result, it can be assumed that the participants have problem in right hemisphere competence concerning to language processing. These problems evoke not by accident or lesion in right hemisphere, yet it is caused by brain development which is focused on left hemisphere only.
Keyword: Right Hemisphere, Language Assessment, Lexical Semantic, Macrostructure, Pragmatic
SINGKATAN DAN AKRONIM DALAM SURAT KABAR: KAJIAN BENTUK DAN PROSES
Authors: Noviatri Noviatri
Published: August 2017

The reason for choosing abbreviation as the object of research is motivated by the phenomenon of widespread and high usage of abbreviation in the community, especially in the newspaper. In addition, based on the process of formation, the abbreviation used in many newspapers are not consistent with the general process of abraviation. In terms formation the abreviation in newspaper are not follow the rules of abreviation formation which violated the grammar of Bahasa Indonesia. The theory used in this research is the theory of abbreviation and formation process proposed by Kridalaksana (2010) which divides abreviation into five types, 1) abreviation, 2) acronym, 3) beheading, 4) contraction, and 5) symbol of letter. Results of the data analysis whows there are 1562 (one thousand five hundred and sixty-two) abbreviation in the newspaper with 9 (nine) processes, including three of them are new process (research findings) and 896 (eight hundred and ninety-six) acronymy used in newspapers with 31 (thirty-one) process and 19 pieces are employed new process. Thus, based on formation process of abbreviations and acronyms there are 22 (twenty-two) new processes.
TINDAK TUTUR DALAM PROGRAM INTERAKTIF ANTARA PENELPON DAN PENYIAR RADIO DI KOTA PADANG
Authors: Helmita Helmita , Asrizal Andi
Published: August 2017

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan jangka panjang, yaitu dapat memperkaya informasi tentang bahasa dan penggunaan bahasa dari kacamata sosiolinguistik. Informasi yang terangkum dalam penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi acuan dan pertimbangan bagi pengguna bahasa Indonesia. Selain itu, bagi mahasiswa Indonesia yang tertarik memperdalam pengetahuan akan bahasa Indonesia atau broadcast, pemerhati bahasa, dan para peneliti bahasa. Hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai acuan untuk penelitian selanjutnya. Metode yang dipakai dalam pencapaian tujuan penelitian ini adalah pengumpulan data, metode analisis data, dan penyajian hasil analisis. Pengumpulan data dilakukan di daerah Padang karena siaran radio-radio yang ada di Kota Padang dapat didengar jelas. Sedangkan untuk metode analisis data, terdiri dari beberapa tahap, yaitu penyortiran data, pengidentifikasian data, dan menjawab permasalahan. Pada metode yang terakhir, yaitu penyajian hasil analisis data dilakukan dalam bentuk narasi. Penyajian ke dalam bentuk narasi dibagi atas dua jenis, vaitu metode formal dan metode informal.Secara umum, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan salah satu. bentuk kebahasaan dalam berkomunikasi yang dilakukan oleh pendengar radio yang menjadi penelpon pada saat program berlangsung. Dengan demikian, teori dalam Sosiolinguistik, Pragmatik, atau Sosiopragmatik dapat diterapkan. Secara khusus, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) Mengetahui ilokusi apa saja yang terdapat dalam tindak tutur yang dilakukan oleh penyiar dan penelpon dalam program interaktif tersebut; 2) mengetauhui perlolusi apa saja yang terdapat dalam tindak tutur yang dilakukan oleh penyiar dan penelpon dalam program interaktif tersebut; dan 3) Mengetahui tipe-tipe tindak tutur apa saja yang dilakukan oleh penyiar dan penelpon dalam program interaktif tersebut.
PELANGGARAN PRINSIP-PRINSIP KERJA SAMA PADA IKLAN TOYOTA VERSI DORAEMON-NOBITA BBQ
Authors: Idrus Idrus
Published: August 2017

Kepatuhan pada prinsip-prinsip kerja sama Grice dalam berkomunikasi akan menyebabkan komunikasi berjalan efisien. Iklan merupakan salah satu bentuk mengkomunikasikan produk atau jasa. Bahasa iklan dapat menciptakan efek persuasif yang kuat dengan melakukan pelanggaran terhadap maksim-maksim pada prinsip-prinsip kerja sama Grice. Pada makalah ini, dipaparkan pelanggaran prinsip-prinsip kerja sama pada iklan Toyota versi Doraemon-Nobita BBQ dan tujuan pembuat iklan melakukan pelanggaran maksim-maksim tersebut. Penelitian ini tergolong ke dalam penelitian yang bersifat non-eksperimental menggunakan ancangan kualitatif dengan analisis heuristik. Hasil penelitian berupa (1) ditemukan pelanggaran prinsip-prinsip kerja sama, (2) tujuan pelanggaran prinsip-prinsip kerja sama meliputi: agar tuturan terdengar santun, menarik simpati, menarik perhatian, dan minat penonton/pembaca.
NEGASI DALAM BAHASA INDONESIA DAN BAHASA INGGRIS
Authors: Syafar Dian Noviani
Published: August 2017

This study is entitled Negation in Indonesia and English. Traditionally, people differentiate positive and negative sentences by identifying "not" in Bahasa and "tidak" as negation markers in English. These negation markers can be presented with words, phrases and clauses that form negation sentences in Bahasa Indonesia and English.  This paper tries to describe and compare the other negation markers in these both languages. The data are written and unwritten from that taken from daily conversation.
VARIASI LEKSIKAL BAHASA MINANGKABAU DI KABUPATEN PESISIR SELATAN
Authors: Nesti Meksi Rahma
Published: August 2017

Secara umum, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menambah hasil penelitian dalam bidang dialektologi dan menginventarisasikan bahasa Minangkabau. Secara khusus, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) Mendeskripsikan variasi leksikal yang terdapat dalam bahasa Minangkabau di daerah perbatasan Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan. 2) Memetakan variasi leksikal yang terdapat dalam bahasa Minangkabau di daerah perbatasan Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan. 3) Menghitung persentase variasi leksikal yang terdapat dalam bahasa Minangkabau di perbatasan Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan. Berdasarkan analisis data yang dilakukan, disimpulkan bahwa terdapat 271 peta variasi leksikal dalam bahasa Minangkabau di Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan, dari 530 daftar pertanyaan yang diajukan. Selanjutnya, berdasarkan peta segitiga antartitik pengamatan didapat delapan hubungan antartitik pengamatan. Dari hasil penghitungan dialektometri, disimpulkan bahwa terdapat 3 bagian wilayah yang termasuk kategori beda subdialek, yaitu TP 1 (Kecamatan Koto XI Tarusan) dan TP 3 (Kecamatan Lengayang) tergolong tidak ada perbedaan, tetapi termasuk kategori beda subdialek dengan TP 2, TP 4, dan TP 5. Untuk TP 2 (Kecamatan IV Nagari Bayang Utara) termasuk kategori beda subdialek dengan TP 1, TP 3, TP 4, dan TP 5. Selanjutnya, TP 4 (Kecamatan Basa IV Balai Tapan) dan TP 5 (Kecamatan Silaut) termasuk kategori beda wicara, tetapi termasuk kategori beda subdialek dengan TP 1, TP 2, dan TP3. Tingkat variasi kebahasaan antartitik pengamatan yang terdapat dalam bahasa Minangkabau di Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan termasuk kategori beda subdialek, beda wicara, dan tidak ada perbedaan.
FONOLOGI BAHASA KOREA
Authors: Febrina Ria , Wahyuni Sri , Ladyanna Sonezza
Published: August 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan fonologi bahasa Korea. Bahasa Korea memiliki fonem /i/, /i:/, /e/, /e:/, /u/, /u:/, /ŭ/, /o/, /o:/, /ŏ/, /a/, /a:/, /b/, /p/, /d/, /t/, /j/, /c/, /g/, /k/, /m/, /n/, /ŋ/, /s/, /x/, /h/, /č/, /l/, /r/, /y/, /w/; /ṫ/, dan /ṗ/; diftong [Ia], [Iŏ], dan [Iu]; serta serta struktur suku kata V, VK, KV, KVK, KVV, KKV, dan KVKK. Fonem bahasa Korea berupa fonem vokal /i/, /e/, /u/, /o/, dan /a/ berdistribusi secara lengkap. Namun, fonem /e/ hanya berdistribusi di tengah dan akhir kata saja. Diftong [Ia] dan [Iu] berdistribusi di tengah kata, sementara fonem [Iŏ] terdapat di tengah dan akhir kata.
BAHASA MINANGKABAU DI DAERAH ASAL DENGAN BAHASA MINANGKABAU DI DAERAH RANTAU MALAYSIA: KAJIAN DIALEKTOLOGIS
Authors: Reniwati Reniwati , Noviatri Noviatri , Aslinda Aslinda , Midawati Midawati
Published: August 2017

Dalam makalah ini dibandingkan bahasa Minangkabau yang digunakan di daerah asal dengan bahasa Minangkabau yang digunakan di daerah rantau Malaysia. Kajian beruang lingkup dialektologi karena isolek yang digunakan di rantau Malaysia dihipotesiskan sebagai variasi dari bahasa Minangkabau. Satuan bahasa yang dibandingkan adalah leksikon. Perhitungan persamaan dan perbedaan bentuk leksikal dengan menggunakan metode dialektometri diperoleh tingkat variasi bahasa dari titik-titik pengamatan yang dibandingkan. Hasil perhitungan tersebut menunjukkan bahwa tingkat variasi bahasa yang paling tinggi adalah perbedaan subdialek.
POLA-POLA PERUBAHAN FONEM VOKAL DAN KONSONAN DALAM PENYERAPAN KATA-KATA BAHASA ASING KE DALAM BAHASA INDONESIA: KAJIAN FONOLOGI
Authors: Putradi Asisda Wahyu Asri
Published: August 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perubahan-perubahan fonem yang terjadi dalam kata-kata serapan bahasa Indonesia dari bahasa asing. Perubahan ini dilihat dari perubahan fonem vokal dan fonem konsonan. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik kajian pustaka. Data yang diperoleh diambil dari berbagai sumber pustaka untuk kemudian dikelompokkan berdasarkan kriteria tertentu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat lima pola fonetik penyerapan kata--kata bahasa asing dalam bahasa Indonesia, yaitu pola penyerapan satu dan dua vokal, pola penyerapan satu konsonan, pola penyerapan dua konsonan, pola penyerapan tiga konsonan, serta pola penyerapan vokal dan konsonan. Salain itu, juga terdapat kata-kata serapan yang diserap secara utuh dari bahasa sumbernya tanpa mengalami perubahan.
Character of Diction of Headline News in West Sumatra Mass Media
Authors: Delfia Elly
Published: August 2017

Diction headline mass media is important because it describes the overall news content. The mass media has a moral responsibility to provide learning for the reader about the correct use of language. That's called character diction. Diction character or character choice of words used in the title of the news media can influence the character speaking readers for diction has meaning and soul. Diction used in the mass media headlines West Sumatra, including euphimisme, sarcasm, regional language (language Minangkabau), foreign language (English), idioms, abbreviations and acronyms, Indonesian non standard, and nicknames
A Phonological Analysis on the English Consonants of Sundanese EFL Speakers
Authors: Risdianto Faizal
Published: August 2017

This descriptive qualitative study focuses on the description of the English consonants systems spoken by speakers of Sundanese backgrounds. This implies that such speakers of particular regional backgrounds speak unique and ideosyncratic native languages. This study will provide a description on the consonants production of English as Foreign Language (EFL) speakers with Sundanese native language in an experimental phonetic method to the students of Islamic Education Department of State Institute for Islamic Studies Salatiga. In this study, the writer have two objectives: (1) to know the English consonants systems of EFL Sundanese speakers in Islamic Education Department of State Institute for Islamic Studies Salatiga? and (2) to know the most frequent errors on pronouncing English consonants produced by EFL Sundanese speakers. From the result of the analysis, it can be seen that the EFL Sundanese students made 262 errors. It can also been seen that the greatest errors made by the EFL Sundanese students are mispronouncing the minimal pairs of /f/ and /v/, /s/ and /Ө/ and /ð/ and /z/. The misuse of the sound “p” instead of “b” is common error for Sundanese since there is not distinction between the sound “f”, “v” dan “p” in sundanese phonological system.
Harapan dan Kepentingan Pengguna Jasa Angkutan Udara Terhadap Pelayanan di Bandar Udara H.AS Hanandjoeddin–Tanjung Pandan Belitung
Authors: Mardoko Arman
Published: August 2017

Bandar Udara H.AS. Hanandjoeddin – Tanjung Pandan sebagai pintu gerbang kedatangan wisatawan di Kepulauan Belitung diharapkan mampu untuk memberikan pelayanan yang terbaik kepada pengguna jasa angkutan udara. Tujuan pengkajian adalah menganalisis harapan dan kepentinganyang dirasakan oleh pengguna jasa angkutan udara (penumpang) terhadap pelayanan yang telah diberikan oleh pihak penyelenggara Bandar Udara H.AS Hanandjoeddin – Tanjung Pandan Belitung. Analisis yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Responden adalah pengguna jasa angkutan udara (penumpang). Hasil dari analisis yang menjadi prioritas utama perbaikan adalah pelayanan kebersihan fasilitas umumseperti toilet, kios, mushola dan lain-lain, penataan terminal penumpang khususnya untuk antrian dan sirkulasi bagi penyandang cacat, fasilitas dan peralatan yang membantu penumpang dalam membawa barang bawaannya, tersedianya layanan sarana transportasi umum, dan kemampuan petugas untuk cepat tanggap menyelesaikan keluhan/masalah. Kendala dan permasalahan yang terjadi adalah terbatasnya dana pemeliharaan yang tersedia, terbatasnya SDM untuk pemeliharaan sarana dan prasarana.[Air Transport Passenger Expectations and Interest of Airport Services in H.A.S Hanandjoeddin Airport – Tanjung Pandan] H. AS. Hanandjoeddin Airport of TanjungPandan, as the tourism gateway in Belitung Islands, is expected to provide its best service performance to the air transport user.The purpose of this study is to analyze the expectation and the importance of service that is provided by H. AS. Hanandjoeddin Airport that perceived by the user. Furthermore, quantitative and qualitative analysis was applied and air transport passengers are subjected as the respondent. The results indicate certain attributes that should be the main priority in improving the airport service, namely public facilities; toilet, kiosk, praying room, etc., queue arrangement for handicap, supporting facilities for carrying luggage, public transport for accessing the airport, and officer competence in solving the problems related to the passenger service. However, the limitation of maintenance budget and human resource has become the hindrance for service improvemnt.
Formulation and Evaluation of Liposomes of Ketoconazole
Authors: Patel Rakesh , Patel Hardik , Baria Ashok
Published: August 2017

Antifungal drug, Ketoconazole was encapsulated in liposomes for topical application. Ketoconazole liposomes were prepared by thin film hydration technique using soya lecithin, cholesterol and drug in different weight ratios. The prepared liposomes were characterized for size, shape, entrapment efficiency, in-vitro drug release (by franz diffusion cell) and physical stability. The studies demonstrated successful preparation of Ketoconazole liposomes and effect of soya lecithin: cholesterol weight ratio on entrapment efficiency and on drug release.
MICROEMULSIONS: A NOVEL DRUG CARRIER SYSTEM
Authors: Rao Y. , Deepthi K. , Chowdary K.P.
Published: August 2017

Microemulsions are clear, transparent, thermodynamically stable dispersions of oil and water, stabilized by an interfacial film of surfactant frequently in combination with a co-surfactant. Recently, there has been a considerable interest for the microemulsion formulation, for the delivery of hydrophilic as well as lipophilic drug as drug carriers because of its improved drug solubilization capacity, long shelf life, easy of preparation and improvement of bioavailability. In this present review, we discuss about the various advantages of microemulsion in pharmaceuticals, along with its preparation, evaluation and research work carried out on microemulsions.
Influence of Formulation Variables and Processing Techniques on Drug Release from Carbopol-971 based Matrix Tablets of Cinnarizine and Nimodipine.
Authors: K. Singh , K. Pandit , N. Mishra
Published: August 2017

The matrix tablets of cinnarizine and nimodipine were prepared with varying ratio of Carbopol- 971P and co-excipients of varying hydrophilicity (i.e. dicalcium phosphate and spray dried lactose) by direct compression and wet granulation using alcoholic mucilage. The prepared tablets were evaluated for weight variation, hardness and friability. The influence of concentration of the matrix forming material and co-excipients on the release rate of the drug was studied. The release rate of Cinnarizine (more soluble drug) from tablets followed diffusion controlled mechanism whereas for nimodipine (less soluble drug), the drug release followed case-II or super case- II transport mechanism based on Korsmeyer- Peppas equation. The results indicated that the drug release from matrix tablets was increases with increase in hydrophilicity of drug and co-excipients. The release of drug also increased with thermal treatment and decreasing polymer concentration.
Liposome: A Powerful Approach Festinates Drug Delivery System
Authors: Vinita Pawar , Shiv Mishra , Mahavir Yadav , Archana Tiwari
Published: August 2017

Drug delivery systems have become important tools for the specific delivery of a large Number of drug molecules.
Liposomes are microparticulate lipoidal vesicles which are under extensive investigation as drug carriers for improving the
delivery of therapeutic agents. Initially they were used to study biomembrane behavior but later on developed into a drug
delivery system for targeting specific sites of action like the tumor targeting, gene and antisense therapy, genetic
vaccination, immunomodulation, topical, cytosolic, and respiratory various infections etc.
The role of the modern informatics systems in assisted decisions
Authors: DRAGOMIR Robert Gabriel
Published: August 2017

The present paper speaks about the complexity of the decisional phenomenon. First of all, we referred to the challenges of the informal society; strategic management is the one that occupies by them. Then we noticed that the most modern informational instruments are used by the strategic management in order to gain the best analysis and results. After that, we made references to the following solution of business intelligence: data warehouse, data cube OLAP and data mining. We presented their characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of usage one or another. In the end, we draw at the conclusions: the society has good premises of development by using such instruments.
Healthcare services consumer behavior in the light of social norms influence
Authors: GÂRDAN Daniel Adrian , GÂRDAN (GEANGU) Iuliana Petronela
Published: August 2017

Healthcare services consumers’ behavior represents an multidimensional concept, that implies the cumulative effects of different factors. The process of consumption is very different and complex in the case of healthcare services due to the nature of the needs and consumption motivations on one hand and because of the complexity of the services itself on the other hand. Amongst the factors that are influencing the consumer’s behaviour, the social ones represent a particular type. In the case of healthcare services this is because the social interactions of the patients can contribute to their own perception regarding the post consumption satisfaction, or can influence the buying decision in the first place. The influence of social factors can be analysed on multiple layers – from the effect of the affiliation and adhesion groups to the effect of social norms and regulations.
The Social and Economic Factors Influence upon the Healthcare Services Consumers Behaviour
Authors: GÂRDAN Daniel Adrian , GÂRDAN (GEANGU) Iuliana Petronela
Published: August 2017

The research in the field of healthcare services consumer behaviour represents a very complex task with multiple implications. The consumer behaviour is much nuanced depending on the type of services or products that we are referring on. In the case of healthcare services, the behaviour is more complex than other services and is influenced mainly by special motivations like the need for a proper health status or the need to recover from a certain disease. The present article is proposing a qualitative type research as an in-depth interview with dentists regarding their perception about the influence that social and economic factors can have upon the consumers’ behaviour. The results of the research suggest that the influence of social factors is very complex, from the simple more intense concern related with dental hygiene and appearance of teeth up to anxious behaviour and isolation in the case of patients with severe dental diseases that have affected their face bones structure or the capacity to chew and speak. These findings shows that the consumers’ behaviour can be shaped by the complex interaction of different factors, and the response from dentists and those in charge with the provision of dental healthcare services can make the difference between a sustainable consumption and a dramatic route of unsatisfied consumers’ expectations.
Post-crisis financial intermediation
Authors: MIHAI Ilie , OPREA Cristian
Published: August 2017

The recent financial crisis that begun in 2007 in the US, which then swept around the world, has left deep scars on the already wrinkled face of the global economy.Some national and regional economies, which had money for expensive makeup, or created money[1], managed to blur or hide the scars left by the crisis, others are still facing difficulties in overcoming the effects of this.The rapacity of banks, their greed and risk ignorance, were the origin of the outbreak of the last major economic and financial crisis but unfortunately those who were responsible or, rather, irresponsible, paid little or nothing at all for the burden of their bad loan portfolio. This cost has been supported by the population, either directly by paying high interest and fees [Mihai I., 2007], or indirectly, through the use of public budgets to cover the losses of banks, most of which had private capital. In this context, we intend to examine the state of financial intermediation in Romania in the post-crisis period, and to primarily follow: (i) The structure and evolution of the banking system; (ii) Non-government credit situation; (iii) The level of savings; (iiii) Loan-deposit ratio; (v) The degree of financial intermediation and disintegration phenomenon etc., and to articulate some conclusions and suggestions on the matters that have been explored.
Method of decision tree applied in adopting the decision for promoting a company
Authors: TOFAN Cezarina Adina
Published: August 2017

The decision can be defined as the way chosen from several possible to achieve an objective. An important role in the functioning of the decisional-informational system is held by the decision-making methods. Decision trees are proving to be very useful tools for taking financial decisions or regarding the numbers, where a large amount of complex information must be considered. They provide an effective structure in which alternative decisions and the implications of their choice can be assessed, and help to form a correct and balanced vision of the risks and rewards that may result from a certain choice. For these reasons, the content of this communication will review a series of decision-making criteria. Also, it will analyse the benefits of using the decision tree method in the decision-making process by providing a numerical example. On this basis, it can be concluded that the procedure may prove useful in making decisions for companies operating on markets where competition intensity is differentiated.
Definitions and scientific context of the Science of Commodities
Authors: BURDA Alexandru , CHIRIMBU Sebastian
Published: August 2017

The Science of Commodities as an independent discipline studies the level of satisfaction of implicit and explicit needs through quality and assortment of goods. In time, this scientific area has held various names. The best known of these names is the "Commodities". The term "Commodities" is equivalent in Romanian with "study (science) goods". The phrase "knowledge goods" was borrowed from Italian, which was formed from the Latin expression mercis (= the commodity) and Greek expression λογοξ, logos (= science, knowledge) deeper, state, Commodities that name comes from the Latin word MERX, which is mercis genitiv.
FORCED INDUSTRIALIZATION IN ROMANIA AND FOREIGN TRADE CHANGES DURING SOCIALISM
Authors: Ghiorghita Eugen
Published: August 2017

During the 40 years (1949-1989) of centralized management of the economy, Romania was transformed from an agrarian-industrial country into an industrial-agrarian country, but not beyond the stage of a developing country.Planning the formation of the accumulation fund and the fixed funds allocation made possible to faster diversify and increase the industrial production.In a first stage, during the 8th decade (1971-1980), the increase in imports of capital goods needed in industries’ technology revamping engendered the growth of Romania's foreign debt.In the 9th decade, the policy of forced payment of previously accumulated foreign debt was achieved by aggressive compression of imports and boost of exports.At the end, in 1989, Romania's foreign trade structure corresponded almost completely to the structure of the supply from the countries producing industrial processed goods. From this point of view, Romania became, after four decades of accelerated development, an acceptable client to Western exporters.
HISTORY OF MILITARY STRATEGIC THOUGHT
Authors: Petrova Elitsa Stoyanova
Published: August 2017

The article presents the origin of the strategy and focuses on the historical development of theories of strategy and strategic management.  It presents the fundamental theories of strategy; ancient treatises on strategy; thoughts and practices of European military strategists and the American influence on the strategic thought.
Foreword
Authors: Epure Manuela
Published: August 2017

Looking closely on today’s economic and social environment one can easily identify some significant drivers such as: population ageing and long active workforce, globalization effects on emerging markets, transparency as necessary approach of any policy making process.  Population ageing is one of the greatest trends shaping the 21st century social, economic and political life.