bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The efficacy and safety of roxadustat for the treatment of anemia in non-dialysis dependent chronic kidney disease patients: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Abdelazeem Basel , Shehata Joseph , Abbas Kirellos Said , El-Shahat Nahla Ahmed , Malik Bilal , Savarapu Pramod , Eltobgy Mostafa , Kunadi Arvind
Published: April 2022

Background

Roxadustat (ROX) is a new medication for anemia as a complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Our meta-analysis aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ROX, especially on the cardiovascular risks, for anemia in NDD-CKD patients.

Methods

Electronic databases were searched systematically from inception to July 2021 to look for randomized control trials (RCTs) that evaluated ROX NDD-CKD patients. Hemoglobin level and iron utilization parameters, including ferritin, serum iron, transferrin saturation (TSAT), total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), transferrin, and hepcidin were analyzed for efficacy. Pooled risk ratios (RRs) and standardized mean differences (SMDs) were calculated and presented with their 95% confidential intervals (CIs).

Results

Nine RCTs included a total of 3,175 patients in the ROX group and 2,446 patients in the control group. When compared the control group, ROX increased Hb level significantly (SMD: 1.65; 95% CI: 1.08, 2.22; P< 0.00001) and improved iron utilization parameters by decreasing ferritin (SMD: -0.32; 95% CI: -0.51, -0.14; P = 0.0006), TSAT (SMD: -0.19; 95% CI: -0.32, -0.07; P = 0.003), and hepcidin (SMD: -0.74; 95% CI: -1.09, -0.39; P< 0.0001) and increasing TIBC (SMD: 0.99; 95% CI: 0.76, 1.22; P< 0.00001) and transferrin (SMD: 1.20; 95% CI: 0.70, 1.71; P< 0.00001). As for safety, ROX was associated with higher serious adverse effects (RR: 1.07; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.13; P = 0.01), deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (RR: 3.80; 95% CI: 1.5, 9.64; P = 0.08), and hypertension (HTN) (RR: 1.37; 95% CI: 1.13, 1.65; P = 0.001).

Conclusion

We concluded that ROX increased Hb level and improved iron utilization parameters in NDD-CKD patients, but ROX was associated with higher serious adverse effects, especially DVT and HTN. Our results support the use of ROX for NDD-CKD patients with anemia. However, higher-quality RCTs are still needed to ensure its safety and risk of thrombosis.
Exploring positive experiences of primary and secondary caregivers of older persons in resource-limited urban settings in Accra, Ghana
Authors: Kyei-Arthur Frank , Codjoe Samuel Nii Ardey , Badasu Delali Margaret
Published: April 2022

Family caregivers experience both negative and positive outcomes. However, most studies have mainly focused on the negative outcomes. In addition, few studies have focused on both primary and secondary caregivers. This study explored the positive experiences of primary and secondary caregivers of older persons in resource-limited urban settings in Accra, Ghana. This study used phenomenological design, and thirty-one family caregivers were interviewed in James Town and Ussher Town. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed thematically using NVivo 10. The findings show that the primary and secondary caregivers derived tangible and intangible rewards from providing care to older persons. The tangible rewards included gifts, while the intangible include blessings, skills acquisition, enhanced personal attributes, family cohesion, and health consciousness. Positive caregiving experiences can mitigate caregivers’ burden and burnout. Therefore, policymakers and social workers should design interventions that will enhance the positive experiences of family caregivers. They should also consider the gender and age of caregivers in designing these interventions.
A mindfulness-based stress management program for caregivers of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT) patients: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Yang Min-Jeong , Yepez Valerie V. , Brandon Karen O. , Reblin Maija , Pidala Joseph , Jim Heather S. L. , Meyer Jerrold S. , Gore L. Robert , Khera Nandita , Lau Penny , Sauls Rachel M. , Jones Sarah R. , Vinci Christine
Published: April 2022

Objectives

Caregivers of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT) cancer patients experience high caregiver burden and carry a significant amount of responsibility. Mindfulness has the potential to lessen caregiver burden by aiding in stress management. To date, no studies have examined the efficacy of mindfulness in reducing caregiver burden in this population. Based on our pilot study demonstrating initial feasibility and acceptability of FOCUS (Focusing On mindfulness for Caregivers Under Stress), this 3-arm randomized controlled trial aims to examine the efficacy of a 6-week mindfulness-based stress management program for allogeneic HCT caregivers. Hypotheses include that the FOCUS condition will have lower post-treatment caregiver burden and that patients of these caregivers will have better patient health outcomes compared to other treatment conditions.

Method

Eligible caregivers will be randomly assigned to one of three treatment conditions: FOCUS, Healthy Living (HL; active control), and Enhanced Care (EC; usual care). Caregivers in FOCUS and HL will participate in 6-week weekly individual treatment sessions and will be sent brief daily momentary interventions/messages. Caregivers in all conditions will complete daily diaries over the course of treatment. Patients of enrolled caregivers will be enrolled for assessments only. Participants will complete assessments at baseline, end of treatment, 2- and 6-months post-treatment. Biomarker data will be collected via hair cortisol concentrations from caregivers at baseline and 6 months post-treatment.

Results

Recruitment is ongoing.

Conclusions

The data collected from this study will provide evidence on the efficacy of mindfulness in alleviating HCT caregiver stress and impacting patient health outcomes.

Trial registration

The current study is registered in clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05078229); see https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05078229?term=christine+vinci&draw=2&rank=1.
Character strengths of women with polycystic ovary syndrome in a single center
Authors: Ghazeeri Ghina , Ibrahim Nour , Khalifeh Fatin , Beyrouthy Christine , El-Taha Lina , Bizri Maya
Published: April 2022

Purpose

To investigate the difference in character strengths (CSs) between patients with and without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and the association between biological (i.e., testosterone levels) and psychological factors (i.e., character strengths).

Patients and methods

A total of 99 women divided into PCOS (49) and non-PCOS (50) groups who presented to the gynecological clinics at the women’s center in the American University of Beirut Medical Center in 2017 were included. Women were assessed for testosterone bioavailable levels and completed a questionnaire that included Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and Values in Action Survey-72. Univariate and multivariable analyses were performed to examine the association of CSs between the two groups and its predictors.

Results

The scores of hope, judgement, perspective, and transcendence of the PCOS group were significantly higher in comparison with healthy participants. An increase in free androgen index was negatively correlated to the score of judgement only.

Conclusion

Women with PCOS have their own profile of character strengths and virtues that constitute judgement, hope, perspective, and transcendence. This in turn can be utilized to reinforce those personality strengths and thus decrease the psychological distress and mood disorders accompanied with this disease.
Residual effect of defeated stripe rust resistance genes/QTLs in bread wheat against prevalent pathotypes of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici
Authors: Singh Harpreet , Kaur Jaspal , Bala Ritu , Srivastava Puja , Sharma Achla , Grover Gomti , Dhillon Guriqbal Singh , Singh Rupinder Pal , Chhuneja Parveen , Bains Navtej Singh
Published: April 2022

The periodic breakdowns of stripe rust resistance due to emergence of new virulent and more aggressive pathotypes ofPuccinia striiformisf. sp.triticihave resulted in severe epidemics in India. This necessitates the search for new and more durable resistance sources against stripe rust. The three bread wheat cultivars PBW 343 (carriesYr9andYr27), PBW 621 (carriesYr17) and HD 2967 (gene not known) were highly popular among the farmers after their release in 2011. But presently all three cultivars are highly susceptible to stripe rust at seedling as well as at adult plant stages as their resistance has been broken down due to emergence of new pathotypes of the pathogen (110S119, 238S119). In previous study, the crosses of PBW 621 with PBW 343 and HD 2967 and evaluation of further generations (up to F4) against pathotype 78S84 resulted in resistant segregants. In the present study, the F5and F6RIL populations have been evaluated against new pathotypes ofPst. The RILs categorized based on the disease severity on the P (Penultimate leaf) and F (flag) leaf into three categories i.e., high, moderate and low level of APR (adult plant resistance) having 1–200, 201–400 and >400 values of AUDPC, respectively, upon infection with stripe rust. The various APR components (latent period, lesion growth rate, spore production and uredial density) were studied on each category, i.e., resistant, moderately resistant and susceptible. The values of APR parameters decreased as the level of resistance increased. Based on molecular analysis, the lines (representing different categories of cross PBW 621 X PBW 343) containing the genesYr9andYr17due to their interactive effect provide resistance. Based on BSA using 35k SNPs and KASP markers association with phenotypic data of the RIL population (PBW 621 X HD 2967) showed the presence of two QTLs (Q.Pst.pau-6B,Q.Pst.pau-5B) responsible for the residual resistance and two SNPs AX-94891670 and AX-94454107 were found to be associated with the trait of interest on chromosome 6B and 5B respectively. The present study concludes that in the population of both the crosses (PBW 621 X PBW 343 and PBW 621 X HD 2967) major defeated gene contributed towards residual resistance by interacting with minor gene/QTLs.
Adalimumab vs Infliximab in Pediatric Patients With Crohn's Disease: A Propensity Score Analysis and Predictors of Treatment Escalation
Authors: Bronsky Jiri , Copova Ivana , Kazeka Denis , Lerchova Tereza , Mitrova Katarina , Pospisilova Kristyna , Sulovcova Miroslava , Zarubova Kristyna , Hradsky Ondrej
Published: April 2022

INTRODUCTION:

Two antitumor necrosis factor therapies (infliximab [IFX] and adalimumab [ADA]) have been approved for the treatment of pediatric Crohn's disease (CD) but have not been compared in head-to-head trials. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of ADA and IFX by propensity score matching in a prospective cohort of pediatric patients with luminal CD and at least a 24-month follow-up.

METHODS:

Among 100 patients, 75 met the inclusion criteria, and 62 were matched by propensity score. We evaluated time to treatment escalation as the primary outcome and primary nonresponse, predictors of treatment escalation and relapse, serious adverse events, pharmacokinetics, and effect of concomitant immunomodulators as secondary outcomes.

RESULTS:

There was no difference between ADA and IFX in time to treatment escalation (HR = 0.63 [95% CI 0.31–1.28] P = 0.20), primary nonresponse (P = 0.95), or serious adverse events. The median (interquartile range) trough levels at the primary outcome were 14.05 (10.88–15.40) and 6.15 (2.08–6.58) µg/mL in the ADA and IFX groups, respectively. On a multivariate analysis, the combination of anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody negativity and antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody positivity was a strong independent predictor of treatment escalation (HR 5.19, [95% CI 2.41–11.18], P < 0.0001). The simple endoscopic score for CD, L3 disease phenotype, and use of concomitant immunomodulators for at least the first 6 months revealed a trend toward significance on a univariate analysis.

DISCUSSION:

Propensity score matching did not reveal substantial differences in efficacy or safety between ADA and IFX. The anti-S. cerevisiae antibody negativity and antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody positivity combination is a strong predictor of treatment escalation.
Safety and Antiviral Activity of EGFR Inhibition by Erlotinib in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients: A Phase Ib Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Saviano Antonio , Habersetzer François , Lupberger Joachim , Simo-Noumbissie Pauline , Schuster Catherine , Doffoël Michel , Schmidt-Mutter Catherine , Baumert Thomas F.
Published: April 2022

INTRODUCTION:

Significant hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk persists after chronic hepatitis C (CHC) cure. Preclinical studies have shown that erlotinib, an oral epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, has an antiviral activity and HCC chemopreventive effect. Erlotinib is metabolized in the liver, and its safety in patients with CHC is unknown. This study aimed to assess the safety and antiviral activity of erlotinib in patients with CHC.

METHODS:

In this investigator-initiated dose-escalation phase Ib prospective randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study, noncirrhotic hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients received placebo or erlotinib (50 or 100 mg/d) for 14 days with a placebo-erlotinib ratio of 1:3. Primary end points were safety and viral load reduction at the end of treatment (EOT). The secondary end point was viral load reduction 14 days after EOT.

RESULTS:

This study analyzed data of 3 patients receiving placebo, 3 patients receiving erlotinib 50 mg/d, and 3 patients receiving erlotinib 100 mg/d. One grade 3 adverse event was reported in the placebo group (liver enzymes elevation), leading to treatment discontinuation and patient replacement, and 1 in the erlotinib 100 mg/d group (pericarditis), which was not considered to be treatment-related. Grade 2 skin rash was observed in 1 erlotinib 100 mg/d patient. No significant HCV-RNA level reduction was noted during treatment, but 2 of the 3 patients in the erlotinib 100 mg/d group showed a decrease of >0.5 log HCV-RNA 14 days after EOT.

DISCUSSION:

Erlotinib demonstrated to be safe in noncirrhotic CHC patients. An antiviral activity at 100 mg/d confirms a functional role of EGFR as an HCV host factor in patients. These results provide perspectives to further study erlotinib as an HCC chemopreventive agent in patients with CHC.
Impact of fish stock enhancement on fish yield of floodplain wetlands in different agro-climatic zones of Assam, India
Authors: Yadav Anil Kumar , Das Kishore Kumar , Borah Simanku , Das Pronob , Bhattacharjya Birendra Kumar , Das Basanta Kumar
Published: April 2022

Floodplain wetlands located in Ganga-Brahmaputra basin are some of the major inland fisheries resources of India with substantial resource size of 554,213 ha. These resources are amenable to capture fisheries and fisheries enhancement. The Guwahati Regional Centre of Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Central Institute of Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, West Bengal, India has developed protocols for scientific fish stock enhancement (through supplementary stocking) for floodplain wetlands (beels) of Assam. These enhancements aim to increase fish yield based on extensive field studies in the beels of the state during 2007–12. In order to assess the impact of fish stock enhancement following the Institute's guidelines, data on fish production of 183 beels under the administrative control of Assam Fisheries Development Corporation Ltd., Guwahati, India were collected and analysed for the period from 2007–08 to 2016–17. The data were analysed for two periods of 5 years each (2007–08 to 2011–12: period-I and 2012–13 to 2016–17: period-II) for unstocked beels (that are not subjected to supplementary stocking, thereby representing capture fisheries) and stocked beels (where supplementary stocking with Indian major and minor carps for fish stock enhancement is practised) in reference to different agro-climatic zones of Assam. The average fish yield from unstocked beels (96 no.) was 156.6kg ha-1yr-1 during period-I, which increased to 206.4kg ha-1yr-1 during period-II, showing an increase of 31.8% over the five-year period. As much as 47.5% of the beels (87 no.) of the state are now subjected to supplementary stocking for fish stock enhancement. The average fish yield rate of stocked beels was 258.5kg ha-1yr-1 during period-I, which increased to 455.2kg ha-1yr-1 during period-II. Thus, average fish yield rates increased as much as 76.1% over the five year periods in stocked beels showing that supplementary stocking resulted in significant enhancement of fish production from the beels of Assam after the Institute's intervention.
Status of biodiversity and limno-chemistry of Deepor Beel, a Ramsar site of international importance: Conservation needs and the way forward
Authors: Bhattacharjya B.K. , Saud B.J. , Borah S. , Saikia P.K. , Das B.K.
Published: April 2022

Deepor Beel is a prominent floodplain wetland and a Ramsar site of northeastern (NE) India (Ramsar site no. 1207) covering a 40.14 km2 area and connected to River Brahmaputra. It provides numerous economic (e.g., livelihood and nutritional security) and ecological benefits (e.g. moderation of floods, groundwater recharge, repository of biodiversity) to the locality and its people. Deepor Beel was declared a Wildlife Sanctuary in 1989 and the area covered by the perennial water spread (10.1 km2) was subsequently designated as a Bird Sanctuary by the Government of Assam in 2009. The present paper provides an overview of the rich floral and faunal diversity of the wetland, including aquatic macrophytes (58 species), diatoms (65), zooplankton (171), bryozoans (5), molluscs (15), aquatic insects (55), prawns (3), crabs (2), finfish (68), amphibians (11), reptiles (33), birds (234) and mammals (24), in addition to the beel's limno-chemistry as well its conservation threats and suggested strategies. The wetland supports 18 globally threatened vertebrate species. Eleven bird species occurring in the wetland (Aythya baeri, A. nyroca, Leptoptilos dubius, L. javanicus, Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus, Gyps bengalensis, G. tenuirostris, Haliaeetus leucogaster, Pelecanus philippensis, Sarcogyps calvus, Threskiornis melanocephalus) have been included in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Finfishes reported from the wetland declined from 67 species in 1999 to 64 between 2016 and 2018, which is a matter of concern. According to available information on limno-chemistry, the waters of the wetland have remained within the favorable range of water quality for fish production. Major threats faced by the wetland (e.g. pollution, encroachment, natural processes, etc.) and possible conservation strategies (e.g. control of aquatic pollution, prevention/ control of siltation, enacting and enforcing appropriate legislation, and other strategies) are outlined.
The effects of hydrology on macroinvertebrate traits in river channel and wetland habitats
Authors: Growns Ivor , Tsoi Iris Wing , Southwell Mark , Mika Sarah , Lewis Sam , Vincent Ben
Published: April 2022

Increased need for freshwater for human uses from the mid-1900s has severely impacted rivers and floodplain wetlands so that they are some of the most seriously degraded environments in the world. Research and monitoring in this area to date has focused on understanding ‘flow-ecology’ relationships, without investigating the mechanisms underlying them. The use of species traits offers a tool for defining mechanistic connections between biotic responses and environmental conditions. We examined nine macroinvertebrate trait categories in both wetlands and channels to determine whether their profiles responded to hydrology in the Gwydir River system in the northern Murray-Darling Basin, Australia. Trait responses were shown for the wetlands but not the river channels. Twelve traits showed positive relationships with the time the wetlands were connected to their river channels. It is unclear the reason(s) why the river channel invertebrate traits did not respond to hydrology. However, the use of environmental flows in the river systems may be important to other aspects of macroinvertebrate assemblages such as their role in food webs to support higher-order consumers.
Runoff, Identification of Sensitive Zones in the Capivari Watershed – BA
Authors: Santana Geisa Nascimento , Silva Luiz Artur Santos , Santos Rosangela Leal , Delgado-Mendez Jesus  Manuel , Sampaio Claudia Bloisi Vaz
Published: April 2022

The watershed is an active environment, defined as an area of land surface drained by a primary river and its tributaries, which are bounded by water dividers. Among the processes that affect water movement in a watershed, the surface runoff stands out, responsible for the transport of soil particles (nutrients and pollutants) to the lower parts of the landscape. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the influence of land use and cover on surface runoff dynamics in the Capivari Basin in Bahia, Brazil. To reach that objective, the Curve Number method (SCS-CN) was employed, with the ALOS/PALSAR RTC Digital Elevation Model; IBGE soil data; data from government weather stations and local agribusiness; land use and land cover from the LC08_L1TP_216069_20170619 landsat8 OLI sensor, through the classifier Bhattacharya. The processing was carried out on a GIS platform, using SPRING and QGIS software. Highest levels of precipitation, the soil features and the higher slope affected the greatest vulnerability to runoff at the mouth, based on the proposed model, however, the most conserved Permanent Preservation Area (PPA) have been effective in maintaining the Capivari River in these areas. The areas considered most critical in terms of the risk of water erosion for the year 2017 were those in the middle of Capivari, because they presented high precipitation in some months, but do not present PPA in riparian forest areas or in hill tops, this increases the vulnerability of these regions to erosion. The proposed model was successful in identifying areas most vulnerable to runoff in the Capivari Basin.
Investigation of Comparative Hispanic Student Success in Calculus I at Four State of Florida Universities
Authors: Becker Renee Y. , Cox Thomas Dwight
Published: April 2022

National employment data forecasts a significant need for graduates in the STEM disciplines for middle-income American jobs. If the American labor force is to keep pace with the global economy, it is critically important that American higher education increase STEM degree production. Currently, minority populations lack access and thus opportunity for success in higher education, but, among them, Hispanic groups account for about 59 million Americans, are the youngest demographic, and have the highest growth rate of any ethnic group. Hispanic students are inadequately represented in higher education enrollment numbers, graduation rates, graduate degree attainment, and STEM degree attainment. While only 14% of American institutions of higher education are designated as Hispanic Serving Institutions (HSIs), 64% of Hispanic American college students attend an HSI. As a result, HSIs are in a unique position to improve student success in STEM disciplines. A statistical analysis of the grades of Hispanic and White students in an introductory STEM course, Calculus I, at two Florida HSI universities and two non-HSI universities, revealed 1) white students significantly outperformed Hispanic students in Calculus I at State of Florida non-HSIs and 2) white students did not outperform Hispanic students in Calculus I at State of Florida HSIs.
Application the Halder – Wagner to Calculation Crystal Size and Micro Strain by X-ray Diffraction Peaks Analysis
Authors: Jahil Sarab S. , Mohammed Intehaa A. , Khazaal Ahlam R. , Jasim Kareem A. , Harbbi Khalid H.
Published: April 2022

This study refers to the development and characterization of silver oxide nanoparticles obtained by X-ray diffraction, nanostructured silver oxide was used in order to calculate the micro strain and crystal size by Halder-Wagner method and by relying on X-ray diffraction diagram of the nonstructural silver oxide, where the results of the crystal size and the micro-strain were 4nm and 0.33 respectively. Other analysis techniques, such as the Size-strain plot, The X-ray diffraction study confirmed that the crystalline nature of silver oxide nanoparticles has a cubic structure. Through the X-ray diffraction results, the crystal size was calculated using Debye-Scherrer and Williamson-Hall methods. Halder-Wagner (HW), Size-strain plot, Debye –Scherrer’s and the Williamson-Hall methods were used to investigate the crystal size from the XRD peak broadening analysis. Moreover, the silver oxide particle size was calculated by the different methods where the values of crystal size. It was found that values of crystal size are 7.4166nm, 1.562525315, 2.285233333nm calculated by Williamson-Hall (W-H), Size-Strain Plot (SSP) and Halder method, respectively. The Sample was considered to determine physical and microstructural parameters such as strain, strain, and energy density.
Analytical Study of Some Properties Biomaterial Original: Phenazines
Authors: Wadday Ali Kadhim , Ghafel Sukaina Tuama
Published: April 2022

This study has focused on just synthesized materials that were produced from bacteriological practice. So, the density functional theory calculations with hybrid B3LYP at 6-31G sets of basis retain lived utilized to examine the properties of structural and electronic properties of biomaterial original. The determinations include been displayed thereof that is a lowering in the energy of total beyond merging the OH and CH3 with Phenazine. HOMO and LUMO levels of energy investigations exhibit that the estimation HOMO energy was boosted slightly at 1-Hydroxyphenazine and 2-Hydroxyphenazine but increasing more in 5-Methylphenazin-1(5H)-one, while the value for the LUMO level energy lowered greatly in these strategies of adding the OH at Phenazine. In addition, the lowering of the gap of energy between HOMO and LUMO ensures a bond of strongly between the hydroxyl group and Phenazine. Ultimately, the Biomaterial stability was investigated by estimating the reaction of chemical factors such as the potential of Ionization (I), Affinity (A), global hardness, and Electronegativity χ. As a result, the hydroxyl group and a methyl group can be considered as factors of important changes within biological systems in many chemical and physical properties.
Nástroj zjišťující epistemická přesvědčení učitelů v kontextu výuky historie
Authors: Říčan Jaroslav , Pešout Ondřej , Zábranský Vilém
Published: April 2022

Předkládaná výzkumná studie je zaměřena na měření epistemických přesvědčení praktikujících učitelů a studentů učitelství v kontextu výuky historie.
Cílem šetření bylo přezkoumat faktorovou strukturu přeloženého nástroje Beliefs about History Questionnaire (BHQ) adaptovaného na české prostředí. Nástroj vychází z rámců historického myšlení podpořených kognitivními výzkumy zasazenými do sociálně konstruktivistického přístupu a výzkumů explicitně usouvztažňujících problematiku epistemických přesvědčení (vývojové modely) ve vyučování dějepisu, historie a vlastivědy.
Z výsledků vyplývá, že teoreticky navržené dimenze dotazníku BHQ tvoří psychometricky samostatné faktory. Nástroj dobře rozlišuje dimenze subjektivistického a kriteriálního přístupu k povaze historických znalostí. Naopak dimenze napodobujícího přístupu nedisponuje přesvědčivými psychometrickými vlastnostmi.
Zjištěné závěry je třeba interpretovat vzhledem k vybrané populaci. Výsledky jsou diskutovány ve vztahu se zahraničními výzkumy jak v doménově obecném kontextu výzkumů epistemických přesvědčení, tak i v doménově specifickém. Na základě uvedených výsledků jsou navrženy potenciální možnosti optimalizace nástroje, především položková úprava napodobujícího přístupu, a potenciální možnosti dalších výzkumných směřování. Modifikovaný nástroj disponuje potenciálem k uplatnění jak v pregraduální přípravě studentů učitelství historie (včetně dějepisu a vlastivědy), tak i učitelů z praxe. Na základě předložených výsledků empirického šetření a kontextu výzkumů zahraniční provenience autoři této studie diskutují význam epistemických přesvědčení napříč vzdělávacími stupni.
Las Fuerzas Armadas de Colombia en Misiones de Paz
Authors: León Ivonne Patricia , Quiñones Páez Julio Rafael , Reyes Beltrán Pablo Ignacio
Published: April 2022

La participación de las fuerzas armadas colombianas en operaciones de mantenimiento de paz es un instrumento de la política exterior del país que requiere de la coordinación entre las medidas de defensa y estrategia militar. De allí que sea necesario estructurar objetivos, fines y medios por parte de las fuerzas armadas y sus altos mandos civiles y políticos, para que pueda llevar a cabo acciones fuera de las fronteras soberanas. Lo anterior exige la coordinación de los ministerios responsables de la política de defensa y relaciones exteriores y medios de ejecución y conocimiento sobre los dispositivos institucionales para la logística de misiones, en particular, en dos aspectos: organización castrense y diplomacia. La finalidad del artículo es determinar las oportunidades para las fuerzas militares de Colombia de participar en operaciones de mantenimiento de paz de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para plantear líneas de acción, después de firmado el acuerdo de paz en 2016.
Verdad y Flagrancia
Authors: Bello Rengifo Carlos Simón
Published: April 2022

Filósofos y juristas, desde la antigua Grecia hasta al presente, se han ocupado de la verdad en general, tema que ocupa un lugar importante en las leyes procesales penales, pues establecer la verdad de los hechos es uno de los objetivos del proceso penal; no obstante, el conocimiento de los hechos no ha merecido igual interés, porque se han considerado evidentes o se recurría a ritos para su descubrimiento. Sin embargo, la racionalización del Derecho y la exigencia de formas para alcanzarla que sean respetuosas de los derechos humanos rescatan la importancia del tema. Presentar el modelo epistemológico más adecuado a los fines y valores del Derecho Penal moderno y su aplicación a la flagrancia en el derecho comparado es el propósito de este artículo. El realismo moderado es la opción que se propone.
Delito y Subcultura Carcelaria: ¿Cómo Minimizar El Proceso De Desocialización?
Authors: Beltrán Cárdenas Lady Andrea
Published: April 2022

El propósito de este artículo es examinar el camino de desocialización que inicia cuando una personacomete una conducta punible y, en consecuencia, es capturada, procesada y condenada a penaprivativa de la libertad en un centro penitenciario y carcelario. Allí se verá expuesta a un entorno derestricciones estatales y también al ejercicio de poder de otros actores, lo que exige su adaptación auna subcultura con aprendizajes, normas y reglas propias que serán más interiorizados cuanto mástiempo dure la pena.
De allí surge el cuestionamiento acerca de qué puede hacerse para detener y reversar el proceso dedesocialización que comienza cuando la persona delinque y que se agudiza durante el cumplimientode la privación de la libertad. Los principales problemas de investigación se desarrollan en torno alos factores que pueden contribuir a un proceso de resocialización real y al porqué la cárcel impideverdaderas posibilidades de reintegración social para el condenado.
El enfoque de investigación utilizado fue cualitativo. Se analizaron posturas doctrinales, jurisprudencialesy legales respecto a la resocialización pospenitenciaria a partir de fuentes secundarias y sistematizaciónindividual. Se identificó que, así como no son únicas las causas del delito, tampoco lo son los mediospara evitar la reincidencia y tener mejores probabilidades de resocializar; por ello, se requiere tiempo,disposición y un conjunto social y profesional que aporten al proceso del penado y del pospenado.
El Fideicomiso Inmobiliario En La Legislación Dominicana; Su Aporte Al Desarrollo De La Vivienda
Authors: Rodriguez Maridalia
Published: April 2022

La República Dominicana es uno de los Estados latinoamericanos más recientes en incorporar la institución del fideicomiso a su legislación. Su regulación se atribuye a la necesidad de inscribir políticas públicas que faciliten el desarrollo de proyectos de viviendas de bajo costo para reducir el déficit habitacional que afecta al país. El Legislador dominicano ha recurrido a la figura del fideicomiso, basado en la garantía que ofrece su estructura para la configuración de asociaciones de autofinanciación, así como para las asociaciones público-privadas. Desde su entrada en vigor, el fideicomiso ha contado con una gran acogida, lo que puede comprobarse con la cantidad de estructuras jurídicas de esta índole registradas ante la Dirección General de Impuestos Internos(DGII).No obstante, en la actualidad existen algunas incongruencias entre el principal objetivo perseguido por el fideicomiso y su regulación, las cuales deben superarse para que dicha figura proporcione acceso a la vivienda. Se revisarán, mediante una combinación de métodos de investigación (dogmático, estadístico, descriptivo, histórico, lógico y comparado) cuáles son el funcionamiento y la efectividad del fideicomiso dominicano, y si tal regulación ha logrado satisfacer los propósitos que la han inspirado. Se concluye que, si bien este ha hecho aportes significativos respecto a la construcción de viviendas económicas, se ha implementado de forma incompleta, solo a proyectos de vivienda en propiedad, lo que conlleva pérdida importante de sus beneficios.
Policy challenges and food security in Alqadarif State, Sudan
Authors: Bushara Mohamed O. A. , Mohamed Hassan H. I.
Published: April 2022

Food security is under focused issue in Sudan as a whole and AlQadarif State is not apart from that. According to the integrated food security phases classification (IPC) report April (2015), about 60% of the population suffering from food insecurity in the State. This problem needs to be solved by clear and sound policies and strategies.  The main objective of this study is to investigate and evaluate the Food Security and Nutrition (FSN) policies and strategies in the State. To achieve this objective secondary data such as annual reports, policy documents were collected from all key line institutions and primary data were collected by the mean of a questionnaire the main results of this research are that: there were no clear food security and nutrition policy documents for the key line institutions in the State.  Also, there was a gap between the policymakers at the State level and the locality level. 42% of the policymakers at the locality level did not aware of the existence of the FSN body in the State. About 94% of the policymakers in the localities believed that the Chamber of Zakat plays a very important role in helping at FSN situations. About 92% of policymakers in the state said that finance is not sufficient. The majority of the localities policymakers, 94%, do not have any (FSN) database in their localities. Finally, the main recommendation of this study is to build a food security and nutrition policy/strategy putting the conservation of the natural resources in consideration.
Public personnel administration and human resource management paradigm on public service performance: Nigerian pendulum
Authors: Ugoani John Nkeobuna Nnah
Published: April 2022

Public personnel administration draws heavily from private personnel administration and using such knowledge for successful management within the permanent bureaucracy. Professional management of people in government is fundamental towards public service performance and the public good. From the nineteenth century and now public sector human resource management continuous to move away from the traditional personnel management approach and heading towards the new public management paradigm for improving public service performance. With 219 participants and by the exploratory research design, the result of the study indicates strong positive correlation between public personnel administration and public service performance. The study suggests that further study could examine the relationship between law making and its interpretation on public sector human resource management. It recommends that public personnel administration should learn more from the new public management approach to enhance effectiveness.
Import and export process: the impact of bureaucratic simplification in customs clearance
Authors: Tavares Igor , Castañeda-Ayarza Juan Arturo
Published: April 2022

The procedures for importing and exporting merchandise in Brazil involve many bureaucratic matters, including federal and international laws. When something overseas arrives, along with its property certificate documents, the owner or company should proceed to the customs clearance to free its entrance. The updating of import and export declarations resulted in redesigning many dispatch companies' internal operation processes. This study aims to analyze the impacts on customs clearance and the advantages and disadvantages caused by simplifying the Brazilian bureaucratic process of importing and exporting. The opportunity was identified to carry out an empirical evaluation of the Brazilian policy of bureaucratic simplification in the import and export processes and its impact on a company's activities. This work has qualitative and descriptive research and presents a case study that sought to analyze the scenario faced by Brasiliense Comissária de Despachos company, located in the city of Campinas in São Paulo, Brazil. The results show that international trade became shorter, more centralized, and transparent with simplifying the import and export process. There was a saving of time and money reported by the company under study by applying DU-E and the possibility of attending more processes in the same period. This article intends to impact society practically through the case study, giving other international trade companies a perspective on the mapping of operations that have been restructured to meet the new simplifications. As for the theory, the impact will be realized by exposing the functioning and existing information on Brazil's import and export system to future researchers.
Analysis of sector-specific operational performance metrics affecting stock prices of traditional Airlines
Authors: Alici Abdulkadir , Sevil Güven
Published: April 2022

Factors such as the country's economic situation, future prospects and the efficiency of businesses are very significant in determining the stock price, along with the demand-supply effect. In this regard, it is intended to investigate the relationship between airlines' operational performance metrics and their stock prices. Quarterly operational data of 5 traditional airlines between the period 2005-2017 were researched by panel data analysis method and operational factors (RPK, CASK, LF and OPL) determining stock prices were determined. According to the inferences from the analysis, It has been concluded that the revenue passenger kilometres (RPK) has a positive effect on the stock price. It was found that aircraft load factor (LF) variable has a negative effect on stock price. Cost per available seat kilometers (CASK) variable seems to have a negative effect on the stock price. Finally, it was found that the OPL variable positively affects the stock price. According to the results, airlines should increase operational revenue and demand to boost their stock values, besides increase aircraft load factors. Along with the increase in revenue and load factor, the decrease in unit cost and break-even load factor increase profitability and stock value of airlines.
Editorial Volume 13, Issue 2
Authors: Rodrigues Paulo Cesar Chagas
Published: April 2022

This issue of the Independent Journal of Management & production (IJM&P) features a selection of articles submitted and revised until September 2021. Observe the works are the fruit of research and publications of undergraduate, postgraduate and entrepreneurs.
            It is important to mention that all the works are showed without any kind of payment. All of them are published free from payments or taxes.
            The publication also counts on the work of researchers from various parts of the world, which have undergone a process of peer review.
Challenge of Establishing Materials Testing Standards with Miniature Specimen for Solders
Authors: Hiyoshi Noritake , Itoh Takamoto , Yamamoto Takaei , Kanayama Hideyuki
Published: April 2022

Solder is an essential material for connecting parts inside electrical devices. Although there is an international standard for the chemical composition of solder, there is no testing standard for evaluating the mechanical properties and characteristics of solder as a structural material. The Committee on High Temperature Strength of Materials, the Society of Materials Science, Japan, proposed some testing standards for solders in the early 2000s based on the results from research activities of the Solder Strength Evaluation Method Working Group. The primary objective of the standardization at that time was to acquire stable testing data and to eliminate institutional differences. The recommended specimen diameter is 10 mm. To verify the size difference between the 10-mm-diameter specimen and an actual solder joint inside an electrical device, the working group has been investigating materials testing techniques using a specimen with a reduced diameter of 3 mm. The research results were published in 2020 as Standard for Miniature Testing of Solders. We have also conducted a series of systematic experiments based on the testing standards for Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu. The results obtained so far are as follows: In the tensile tests, the tensile strength of the 10-mm- and 3-mm-diameter specimens are almost identical, independent of the specimen size, although the casting method and heat treatment conditions are different. The effect of specimen size on the creep rupture life is insignificant. In the low-cycle fatigue tests, stable fatigue data can be obtained even at high temperatures using the 3-mm-diameter specimen.
Democratic Economic Planning, Social Metabolism and the Environment
Authors:   Planning for Entropy
Published: April 2022

Three models of democratic economic planning — Devine and Adaman's negotiated coordination, Albert and Hahnel's participatory economics, and Cockshott and Cottrell's computerized central planning — have important implications for the wider perspective of ecological economics. When the models are reviewed from the standpoint of the complexity and biophysical interdependence inherent in ecological systems, they are shown to contain a number of problematic areas, revealed in the way they tackle ecological challenges. A potential way to resolve these problems points toward a new framework for understanding democratic economic planning. A merger of the different models and insights can lead to new institutions that would be better adapted to confronting current environmental issues.
Unique features of transcription termination and initiation at closely spaced tandem human genes
Authors: Nissani Noa , Ulitsky Igor
Published: April 2022

The synthesis of RNA polymerase II (Pol2) products, which include messenger RNAs or long noncoding RNAs, culminates in transcription termination. How the transcriptional termination of a gene impacts the activity of promoters found immediately downstream of it, and which can be subject to potential transcriptional interference, remains largely unknown. We examined in an unbiased manner the features of the intergenic regions between pairs of ‘tandem genes’—closely spaced (< 2 kb) human genes found on the same strand. Intergenic regions separating tandem genes are enriched with guanines and are characterized by binding of several proteins, including AGO1 and AGO2 of the RNA interference pathway. Additionally, we found that Pol2 is particularly enriched in this region, and it is lost upon perturbations affecting splicing or transcriptional elongation. Perturbations of genes involved in Pol2 pausing and R loop biology preferentially affect expression of downstream genes in tandem gene pairs. Overall, we find that features associated with Pol2 pausing and accumulation rather than those associated with avoidance of transcriptional interference are the predominant driving force shaping short tandem intergenic regions.
LAYOUT STRATEGY OF PROTEASE PRODUCTION FROM INDUSTRIAL FISHERY WASTES IN KUANTAN, PAHANG
Authors: Mustafa Shariman , Abdullah Nurul Ain
Published: April 2022

Layout strategy is considered as key decision that controls long-term effectiveness of production operational activities. Fish wastes in the fisheries sector can have negative impact on the environment if not handled properly. This issue plays a huge role in the commitment for choosing the right layout suitable for production of protease from those wastes. The whole analysis of this research was conducted in Kuantan, Pahang that has concentrated many fisheries processing industries which generated quite huge tons of waste material. The purpose of this study was to define a layout strategy that was sufficient for production of protease from fishery waste.  Data was obtained from interview sessions with manager of Kilang Keropok Pak Lah followed by documents review and observations of production activities for layout analysis. The study had determined the protease product process flow and therefore developed layout suited to the protease production processed from identified fishery wastes at the site. Feasibility analysis performed had determined the proposed protease production would benefit consumers, increases manufacturing capacity as well as open up new market and business opportunity for company. The study concluded that protease production from fisheries waste increases career opportunities, generate new income and bringing positive impact to the local community. From the research findings gathered, authors strongly recommended further study in this sector looking for other types of commercial products for new economic viability.
THE EFFECT OF TOP MANAGEMENT SUPPORT AND COLLABORATIVE TEAM ON PROJECT PERFORMANCE IN MALAYSIAN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY: MODERATING EFFECT OF TRUST
Authors: Mohd Zureehan Muhammad Zul Fikri , Lee Khai Loon
Published: April 2022

This paper examines the effect of the top management support and collaborative team on project performance in the Malaysian construction industry. Besides, this paper further investigates the moderating effect of trust in the relationship. With the support of Resource-Based View (RBV) theory, a quantitative research design is applied to test the hypotheses and accomplish the research objectives. The population of 2342 companies are obtained from the Malaysian Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) 2020. The minimum sample size is 107 companies, as suggested by G-power. A total of 150 online survey questionnaires were distributed using a simple random sampling technique and received 123 responses. The data is analyzed by using Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) with the support of SmartPLS software. The findings show that the effect of top management support on project performance and the moderating effects of trust are not supported. While the collaborative team has a positive effect on project performance. In conclusion, construction companies should focus on the collaborative team in improving their project performance.