bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Methods and technologies of machine learning in neural network for computer vision purposes
Authors: Adamova A.A. , Zaykin V.A. , Gordeev D.V.
Published: November 2021

This article is devoted to an overview of the current state and development prospects in the field of machine learning technologies application in computer vision problems. The article discusses the types of architectures of deep convolutional networks used for image processing, discusses their application in the space industry and provides an analysis of the element base for the implementation of computer vision platforms. The aim was to research the machine learning methods in computer vision problems. Consideration of options for using neural networks in solving problems related to astronautics. The authors considered various methods and technologies of machine learning using both domestic and foreign devices. The study showed that at the moment there are several domestic companies that are engaged in the development of microprocessors, on which it is possible to implement a neural network and train it. Also, the prospects of machine learning in computer vision problems, their possibility and feasibility of application at the present time and in the near future were identified. The results of the work can be used to create various types of neural networks. Based on the above overview of neural processors, you can begin to design a neural network. The processing and dumping of incoming information, necessary for machine learning, is able to control functions, solve emergency situations and protect human life.
Performance of orthogonal stochastic code signals in the presence of delayed interference
Authors: Chesnokov M.N. , Litvinov A.A. , Soloviev A.A. , Volgushev D.B.
Published: November 2021

This article provides analytical expressions for performance evaluation of hybrid FH-DSSS system in delayed interference and fluctuation noise presence. Delayed interference is quite common in environment with multiple obstacles, occurring as consequence of signal reflection and multipath propagation (fig. 1). Introduction describes known methods of mitigating this interference many of whom include either use of direct sequence spreading or some variation on hybrid sequence spreading including pseudo random frequency hopping and periodical signal ensemble change. To improve on those methods considered dynamic program method for orthogonal stochastic spread spectrum code generation based on Viterby algorithm [6]. Section 1 of the paper describes FH-DSSS signal, it’s delayed interference, equation corresponding to their sum on the receiver input and noncoherent correlator response to it. By using Gaussian approximation, expressions derived for equivalent signal/noise level estimation and corresponding average probability of error at the output of the correlation receiver. By including actual signal statistic, like code length and cross-correlation value, final expressions (8)–(15) allow for accurate estimation of correlation receiver response to signal sequences with specific spread spectrum codes, as well as calculation for probability of error for M-ary spread spectrum communication system in delayed interference presence. Accuracy of the Gaussian approximation is examined in section 2 of the paper based on comparisons between analytical results and simulation modeling. Numerical results obtained, which showcase dependence of system performance on various signal characteristics, such as correlation properties, spreading code length, signal ensemble size and frequency hop delay time. Plotted graph on fig. 2 shows advantage from using M-ary orthogonal signals over binary in delayed interference presence for code sequences with length N = 32, 64, 128. Graph on fig. 3 shows gains from frequency hopping when interference delay equals to approximately half of signal information symbol. In the end performance gains from using hybrid FH-DSSS system under electronic suppression by delayed interference is also evaluated. As shown on fig. 4,a system performance significaly depend on value of delay between received signal and it’s delayed copy.
Potential immunity of radio control lines
Authors: Ashimov N.M. , Vasin A.S. , Birukov A.N. , Kuzmishchev P.G.
Published: November 2021

In the work, a methodology for assessing the potential noise immunity of radio control lines operating with binary FT signals is presented when using both element-by-element signal processing and signal processing in toto. The calculation method is based on the criterion adopted in radio control lines. According to the proposed technique, calculation shows that potential noise immunity with element-by-element signal processing is achieved with coherent reception of the FT signal under conditions of an unlimited increase in the code width, therefore, the frequency band occupied by the signal is expands indefinitely. In this case processing a binary signal in toto is realized by transferring the clipper from the video channel to the input signal receiving circuit. The transition from element-by-element signal processing to processing it in toto accompanied by an increase in the maximum possible value of the noise immunity coefficient by a factor of / 2 . Such an effect, in comparison with the circuit of the model of the radio control line with element-by-element processing of the FT signal, is achieved due to the transfer of the clipper, which plays the role of a decisive element in the circuit when receiving a symbol, into the input circuit. As a result, a filter-clipper-filter system is formed together with bandpass F1 and F2 filters. Therein F1 filter is still tuned to the frequency of the FT signal and matched to its symbol, and the passband of F2 is much higher than the bandwidth of the matched filter so that only the first harmonic of the signal spectrum is isolated without distortion practically. In this case, the clipper (O) ensures that the probability of false reception Pl is independent of the level of input noise, and at the s-n ratio q≤1 the clipper behaves like a linear device, while it is a classical nonlinear device when it is operating in the video signal channel (fig. 2) where there is signal suppression by interference which leads to a certain decrease in the potential radio link noise immunity during signal processing in element-by-element type.
El uso del pasado reciente del PNV en el Congreso de los Diputados. 1977-2015
Authors: Gómez Calderón Guillermo
Published: November 2021

El PNV, partido de referencia del nacionalismo vasco, presenta una serie de rasgos distintivos entre los que figura un arraigado uso de interpretaciones históricas. Esta persistente atención a la Historia que forma parte intrínseca de su ideología y de la que se nutre, continuó durante el sistema democrático actual en torno al recuerdo de los traumáticos acontecimientos de la década de los 30, al pasado dictatorial y al proceso de transición a la democracia tras la muerte de Franco. El análisis de las intervenciones parlamentarias de sus diputados en el Congreso de los Diputados muestra que ese recuerdo fue utilizado de forma frecuente pero que no fue uniforme en el tiempo sino que su uso presenta oscilaciones no solo en la frecuencia sino en la intencionalidad.
ALBERTO BARRÓN RUIZ DE LA CUESTA, Los seviros augustales en Hispania y las Galias. Una aproximación a la movilidad social en el Imperio Romano, Universidad de La Rioja, Logroño, 2020
Authors: García Conde María Silas
Published: November 2021

ALBERTO BARRÓN RUIZ DE LA CUESTA, Los seviros augustales en Hispania y las Galias. Una aproximación a la movilidad social en el Imperio Romano, Universidad de La Rioja, Logroño, 2020.
Extrusion of the distal ventriculoperitoneal shunt catheter through the umbilicus: a systematic literature review from 1973 to 2021
Authors: Ghritlaharey Rajendra K.
Published: November 2021

Trans-umbilical extrusion of the distal ventriculoperitoneal shunt catheter is a rare complication of the VPS insertion. The objectives of this review were to analyze various variables like the age, sex, indication for VPS insertion, clinical presentation, the operative therapy offered for the management, and outcome of the cases published/managed for the trans-umbilical extrusion of the distal VPS shunt catheter. In 1973, the maiden case of trans-umbilical extrusion of the distal VPS catheter was published. Literature/case reports were retrieved from 1973 to October 31, 2021. A total of n=24 (12 males, 12 females) cases were recruited for this systematic review. All of them were children below the age of 13-years. In four-fifths (n=19) of children, the initial VPS catheter was inserted during the first 6-months of life. The median age of children at the time of diagnosis of the above-described VPS complication was 7.5 (42.21 SD) months, and it ranged from 2 months to 13 years of age. The median interval from the initial VPS insertion/last VPS revision to the diagnosis of complication was 4 (24.77 SD) months, and it ranged from 3 weeks to 8 years. The main complaint was the extrusion of the distal VPS catheter through the umbilicus. Surgical procedures performed for the management were (a) removal of the entire VPS catheter n=15, (b) removal of distal/part of distal VPS catheter n=5, and (C) others n=2. For VPS catheter revision; delayed re-VPS insertion was performed in n=10, immediate revision of the distal VPS catheter in n=3, and others. Three (12.5%) children died during the postoperative and follow-up period. The distal VPS catheter extrusion through the umbilicus is a rare complication of VPS insertion, and it occurred exclusively in children. In 70% (n=17) of children, it was documented ≤6 months afterward of the VPS insertion. Delayed re-VPS catheter insertion was preferred for 40% of the children for VPS revision procedures.
Correlations Between Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics, Laboratory Tests and CT Scan Reports in the Diagnosis of COVID-19: A Diagnostic Accuracy Study
Authors: Branson Bobby , Tavakoli Ramin , Khaledi Mansoor , Fathi Javad , Shafiee Seyed Mohammad , Afkhami Hamed , Rastegar Shahdokht
Published: November 2021

Although the relationship between laboratory parameters, radiology, CT scan scan and clinical outcomes has not been well evaluated so far, COVID-19 is still a good challenge for this purpose. These tests can be used to diagnose, monitor, and treat COVID-19. The study was conducted from February 20 to August 31, 2020, following the referral of 340 patients with coronavirus symptoms at Chamran Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Clinical information of each patient is obtained based on patient information forms when visiting the hospital. Comparison of the relationship between lung involvement in CT scan and laboratory indicators, including biochemical and hematological factors is a suitable and reliable comparison to identify people with Covid 19. Based on the results of this study, it was found that ALT, AST, CRP, NEU, LDH, and Urea could be a suitable diagnostic method in positive RT-PCR for COVID-19. In this study, we tried to investigate the relationship between clinical and laboratory findings with CT-based quantitative score of pulmonary involvement in COVID-19 pneumonia and as a suitable and reliable method in continuing COVID-19 pandemic and diagnosis of COVID-19 infection.
Rapid Successful Management of Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage as the Primary Presentation of Chlorine Gas Inhalation: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Yaghubi Mohsen , Valaei Morteza , Ghasemi Reza , Hosseinzadeh Maleki Mahmood , Rezaei Sara , Kakhki Samaneh
Published: November 2021

Chlorine-containing bleach, as a common disinfectant, can cause mild to severe symptoms from nasal irritation to life-threatening conditions such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). However, the toxicity level of chlorine gas depends on the duration and concentration of exposure. Herein, we describe the case of a 44-year-old man admitted to the emergency department with a chief complaint of severe shortness of breathing and hemoptysis following accidental, short-time exposure to chlorine-containing bleach. Because of the life-threatening condition, he was transferred to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and received mechanical ventilation along with a corticosteroid agent and antibiotic therapy. Despite limited data on management of the severe complications of the exposure, the patient successfully recovered after four days.
Arhinia and Bilateral Anophthalmia: Report of a Rare Case and Review of Literature
Authors: Golpayegani Goli , Jafari Mehrdad , Karimi Anita
Published: November 2021

Arhinia is an extremely rare condition reported in less than 100 cases so far. We report a case of arhinia with bilateral anophthalmia. In physical examination, only alar portions of the nose were partially formed. No septal, lower, upper lateral cartilages or nasal bones were detectable. Both nostrils were atretic. The orbital area was covered with skin, and eyebrows were partially formed. Bilateral complete cleft lip and palate were evident. Surgical interventions should be considered not only for reconstruction of the external nose but for timely creation of a lacrimal passage and repair of the accompanying cleft lip and palate.
Advanced Noise-Optimized Dual-Energy Virtual Monochromatic Imaging vs. Conventional 120-kVp CT Imaging: Image Quality Assessment
Authors: Honardari Adnan , Bitarafan-Rajabi Ahmad , Solgi Razieh , Shakeri Mahsa , Rezaei-Kalantari Kiara , Ghadiri Hossein
Published: November 2021

Purpose: This study aimed at evaluating the image quality characteristics of advanced noise-optimized and traditional virtual monochromatic images compared with conventional 120-kVp images from second-generation Dual-Source CT.
Materials and Methods: For spiral scans six syringes filled with diluted iodine contrast material (1, 2, 5, 10, 15, 20 mg I/ml) were inserted into the test phantom and scanned with a second-generation dual-source CT in both single-energy (120-kVp) and dual-energy modes. Images set contain conventional single-energy 120-kVp, and virtual monochromatic were reconstructed with energies ranging from 40 to 190-keV in 1-keV steps. An energy-domain noise reduction algorithm was applied and the mean CT number, image noise, and iodine CNR were calculated.
Results: The iodine CT number of conventional 120-kVp images compared with monochromatic of 40-, 50-, 60- and 70-keV images showed increase. The improvement ratio of image noise on Advanced Virtual Monochromatic Images (AVMIs) compared with the Traditional Virtual Monochromatic Images (TVMIs) at energies of 40-, 50-, 60, 70-keV was 52.9%, 35.7%, 8.1%, 2.1%, respectively. At AVMIs from 75- to 190-keV, the image noise value was less than conventional 120-kVp images. CNR improvement ratio at 20 mg/ml of iodinated contrast material for TVMIs and AVMIs compared to 120-kVp CT images and AVMIs compared to TVMI was 18.3% and 56.3%, 32.1% respectively.
Conclusion: Both TVMIs (in energies ranging from 54 to 71-keV) and AVMIs (in energies ranging from 40 to 74-keV) represent improvement in the iodine contrast-to-noise ratio than conventional 120-kVp CT images for the same radiation dose. Also, AVMIs compared to TVMIs have been obtained considerable noise reduction and CNR improvement for low-energy virtual monochromatic images. In the present study, we show that virtual monochromatic image and its Advanced version (AVMI) may boost the dual-energy CT advantages by providing higher CNR images in the same exposure value compared to routinely acquired single-energy CT images.
Antioxidant, anticancer and molecular docking activity of tulsi plant
Authors: Noorjahan C.M. , Saranya T.
Published: November 2021

An investigation was carried out to study the antioxidant, anticancer and docking activities of medicinal plant, Tulsi – Ocimum sanctum. The results of antioxidant activity of Tulsi leaves extract showed that tulsi leaves has good free radical scavenging ability and IC50 value was found to be 54.23% at 500 µg/ml. The results of anticancer activity of Ocimum santum on normal VERO cell and MCF-7 cell line has showed good anticancer activity having the IC50 concentration at 51.1 ì|g/ml against MCF-7 cell lines – Human Breast cancer cell line thereby indicating that the percentage of cell viability increases with the increased concentration of Ocimum santum (Tulsi) whereas 24.4% cell viability was recorded in the normal VERO cell line. DNA laddering assay was performed on agarose gel electrophoresis. A clear fragmented DNA ladders were observed in tulsi treated MCF-7– Human Breast cancer cell lines. But the untreated normal VERO cell lines did not show any DNA fragmentation. Thereby confirms that Ocimum sanctum induced cell death on breast cancer cell line MCF-7 cancerous cell through apoptosis. Molecular docking was carried out (AutoDock tools), Docking simulations was performed using Lamarckian genetic algorithm of Solis and Wests local search method. Interaction between HDAC6 and Cirsilileon possessing binding energy showed +15.91kcal for interaction studies. It was found that most of the hydrogen bonding is with the residues TYR 76, TRP 35, SER 67, TYR 81, GLU 33, TYR 48, ILE 69 and MET 53 present in the binding pocket. The ligand was docked with the target protein, and the best docking poses were identified and the binding poses of the cirsilieon was shown. This act as the best docking poses shows how the ligand molecule fits into the binding region of the target protein.
Impact of Pesticide Exposure on Environment and Biodiversity: A Review
Authors: Kumar J.K. Sathish , Monica S.S. , Vinothkumar B. , Suganthi A. , Paramasivam M.
Published: November 2021

The use of pesticide in modern agriculture and public health sector has been increased tremendously. Only 0.1% of pesticide applied to crops truly reaches the target, the rest of it enters into the environment. Several pesticides can persist in an ecosystem for longer periods accumulate in the body tissues of organisms and cause more health problems. Pesticide exposure generally occurs through ingestion, inhalation and skin contact or absorptions by intentionaly or unintentionaly which leads to acute and chronic health problems in non target organisms such as animals, birds, aquatic animals and human. A total of more than 100 articles related to impact of pesticide exposure were reviewed. To review the literature, we reviewed a number of studies, report and abstract between 1950 to 2020 using key words effect of pesticide on animals, birds, human, environment we used this term to search in in PubMed, ResearchGate and google scholar. Searching strategy also include cross-referencing of research and review article Improving epidemiological studies, metabolic studies, residue monitoring and experimental research on pesticide exposure can reduces human health risks of pesticide exposure. This article clearly explains how the pesticide enter into the atmosphere, soil and water and its adverse effect on birds, animals and human, major incidence regarding pesticide exposure and effort should be taken prevent the pesticide poisoning.
Problems of children who need special education and their families during the COVID-19 pandemic process
Authors: Gulkaya Sener , Sorakın Yasemin
Published: November 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic process has been significant in all areas of our country, just like other countries of world. The changes in lifestyle that occurred with the pandemic process affected both children with special needs and their families. The aim of this research is to examine the effects of the pandemic on children with special needs and their families. The phenomenology model, one of the qualitative methods, was used as the research method in the study. The data obtained through the semi-structured interview form consisting of five questions developed by the researcher was analysed. The participants of the study comprised 29 parents, and data were obtained through telephone and online interview with 21 women and 8 men. As a result of the data, five main themes and related sub-themes were formed. Within the scope of the findings obtained in this study, the parents who constitute the participants of the study have observed an increase in the anxiety levels and aggressive behaviours of their children with special needs during the pandemic process, coupled with other findings as well.

Keywords: COVID-19, pandemic process, children with special needs, families
The role of concerted goal commitment mediation in improving lecturer research performance
Authors: Abdillah Maylane Boni , Rahardjo Tri Joko , Martono Martono , Prihatin Titi
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this study was to analyse the mediating role of concerted goal commitment in improving a lecturer’s research performance. In this study, the research sample data used amounted to 365. The research method used simple random sampling. The instruments used were a questionnaire and structural equation modelling with Lisrel 8.80 as statistical analysis. Based on the results of this study, it is proven that leadership, academic culture, and academic policies can improve a lecturer’s research performance mediated by concerted goal commitment. The strength of the lecturer’s intention in commitment to shared goals is characterised by value creation, namely increasing the perception of goals, trust in the institution and the perception of the future so that it can strengthen the organisation or institution. This research can be extended to a state university to strengthen the hypothesis and the structural model that is built.

Keywords: academic culture, concerted goal commitment,  leadership, lecturers, policy academic, and research performance
Childcare and housework during the first lockdown in Austria: Traditional division or new roles?
Authors: Berghammer Caroline
Published: November 2021

Objective: This study analyses how much time mothers and fathers spent on childcare and housework during and after the first COVID-19 lockdown in Austria (starting in mid-March 2020) and how they distributed that time between themselves.

Background: Parents needed to reallocate care work between themselves as, on the one hand, kindergartens and schools closed for two months and, on the other hand, employment-related changes arose, e.g., working from home. The results are discussed in light of major theories that address the division of care work: the time availability approach and gender role theory.

Method: This study employs data from the Austrian Corona Panel Project 2020/21, a web-based survey using quota sampling, which started in the second week of the first lockdown (n=372 for respondents in couples with children below age 15). Altogether, seven waves contain information about time spent on childcare and housework; three were conducted during or right after the first lockdown (April and May 2020) and four between June 2020 and February 2021. Linear and logistic regression models were used.

Results: Within the whole study period, parents’ total workload (care work and employment) was highest during the first lockdown. The workload was greatest—an average of 15 hours on weekdays—among mothers with children below age six. While mothers shouldered more care work in most families, partners shared tasks equally in around one third of them. Care time depended on employment hours, especially for fathers. Yet, it was higher for mothers with the same level of employment as fathers.

Conclusion: The COVID-19-related employment changes led to a rise in arrangements that rarely existed before in Austria, e.g., fathers working part-time. Consequently, some fathers took on new roles, especially when they worked from home (mostly among the higher educated), were non-employed (mostly among the lower educated) or worked part-time. The paper concludes by discussing whether those experiences may permanently result in more egalitarian gender roles.
THE STUDY OF SME’S PERFORMANCE IN FURNITURE CARVING INDUSTRY
Authors: Agustina Tri Siwi
Published: November 2021

The center of SMEs carving furniture in Karduluk village, Sumenep Regency in Madura, East Java which has dynamic and uncertain environment and also high level of competition. Such situation needs adequate managerial capabilities so that SME players can sustain their existence from external competition. In spite of its thriving existence, the industry has some potential problems, which need to be identified The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of the entrepreneurship orientation, the capability of business network towards the performance of SMEs through the commitment of the businessmen. This research employed quantitative analysis, which used AMOS as its method of analysis. Data collection was conducted by distributing questionnaires to 105 craftman who were also managers of craving furniture units. This research found that businessmen orientation affected the performance of carving furniture. Business networking capability affected the performance of carving furniture. Behavioral commitment had a partial mediation impact on entrepreneurship orientation towards the performance of carving furniture. Behavioral commitment had a full mediation impact on entrepreneurship orientation towards the performance of carving furniture.
EVALUASI KEBIJAKAN SOSIAL DALAM PENINGKATAN TARAF HIDUP MASYARAKAT RENTAN MISKIN DI JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Fitrianto Hari , Muzaqqi Fahrul , Sahab Ali
Published: November 2021

Program Jalin Matra (Jalan Lain menuju Masyarakat Sejahtera) Pemerintah Jawa Timur di bawah kepemimpinan Soekarwo-Saifullah Yusuf periode 2014-2019 cukup efektif menurunkan tingkat kemiskinan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengukur sejauh mana efektivitas program tersebut, kendala di lapangan, dampak implementasi kebijakan, khususnya bagi keluarga rentan miskin. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode campuran (mix-method). Secara kuantitatif mengambil 100 responden warga desa penerima manfaat yang tersebar di empat kabupaten sampel (Sumenep, Jember, Malang, dan Madiun) dan diperdalam dengan metode kualitatif untuk mendapatkan gambaran yang mendalam (thick description). Hasil penelitian ini adalah: (1) sebesar 54% responden menyatakan program PK2 berjalan baik; (2) kendala terbesar yang dihadapi dalam implementasi program adalah klasifikasi rumah tangga sasaran (RTS); (3) dampak implementasi program PK2 adalah 63% responden menyatakan pendapatannya meningkat.
DATA DAN DESA: STUDI KEGAGALAN DATA DRIVEN POLICYMAKING DALAM GDSC DI BOJONEGORO 2014-2018
Authors: Nugraha Addien Paramita Devina
Published: November 2021

Studi ini berusaha menjelaskan data driven policymaking (DDPM) dari perspektif berbeda melalui analisis atas kegagalan Gerakan Desa Sehat dan Cerdas (GDSC) dalam menerapkan DDPM di Kabupaten Bojonegoro. Studi terdahulu umumnya membahas DDPM sekadar sebagai pendekatan pembuatan kebijakan yang berfokus pada teknis penggunaan data. Sementara studi ini tidak ingin berhenti pada penjelasan itu. Studi ini juga menempatkan DDPM sebagai arena beroperasinya kekuasaan. Temuan penelitian mengarah pada simpulan bahwa pada akhirnya penggunaan data dalam proses pembuatan kebijakan di institusi pemerintah tidak menentukan proses yang lebih rasional. Bagaimanapun pembuatan kebijakan adalah arena beroperasinya kekuasaan. Data tidak bisa sepenuhnya mendikte bagaimana kekuasaan beroperasi dalam pembuatan kebijakan. Sebaliknya, kekuasaan yang menentukan penggunaan data dalam pembuatan kebijakan.
The Removal of Rare-Earth Metals from Water-Salt Systems – An Innovative Aspect of the Modern Industry
Authors: Lobacheva Olga Leonidovna
Published: November 2021

Considering the ever-increasing role of rare-earth elements (REE) in the modern hi-tech field, their effective use has a tremendous significance, although the production process is inevitably linked to the large volumes of industrial ammonia effluents and heavy metal wastes. In the process of metallurgical separation of metals, the emission of large volumes of noxious gases and radioactive substances is inevitable. Lean technogenic raw material processing is sensible under the condition of the development of non-waste technology. The lack of competent regulations governing the disposal of waste containing REE has an impact on adjacent territories, accumulating in water bodies and, as a result, in the human body. Such an impact cannot pass without a trace, however, the ambiguity of opinions in the scientific community regarding the toxic effects of REE on living organisms determines the relevance of a more detailed study of this issue. The paper presents experimental and theoretical results of studies of ion flotation in the aqueous solutions containing ytterbium cations and a surfactant as a collector - sodium dodecyl sulphate (NaDS).
Infusing Autopoietic and Cognitive Behaviors into Digital Automata to Improve their Sentience, Resilience and Intelligence
Authors: Mikkilineni Rao
Published: November 2021

The holy grail of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been to mimic human intelligence using computing machines. Autopoiesis which refers to a system with well-defined identity and is capable of re-producing and maintaining itself and cognition which is the ability to process information, apply knowledge, and change the circumstance are associated with resilience and intelligence. While classical computer science (CCS) with symbolic and sub-symbolic computing has given us tools to decipher the mysteries of physical, chemical and biological systems in nature and allowed us to model, analyze various observations and use information to optimize our interactions with each other and with our environment, it falls short in reproducing even the basic behaviors of living organisms. We present the foundational shortcomings of CCS and discuss the science of infor-mation processing structures (SIPS) that allows us to fill the gaps. SIPS allows us to model su-per-symbolic computations and infuse autopoietic and cognitive behaviors into digital machines. They use common knowledge representation from the information gained using both symbolic and sub-symbolic computations in the form of system-wide knowledge networks consisting of knowledge nodes and information sharing channels with other knowledge nodes. The knowledge nodes wired together fire together to exhibit autopoietic and cognitive behaviors.
Tumor Hybrid Cells: Nature and Biological Significance
Authors: Tretyakova Maria S , Subbalakshmi Ayalur Raghu , Menyailo Maxim E , Jolly Mohit Kumar , Denisov Evgeny
Published: November 2021

Metastasis is the leading cause of cancer death and can be realized through the phenomenon of tumor cell fusion. The fusion of tumor cells with other tumor or normal cells leads to the appearance of tumor hybrid cells (THCs) exhibiting novel properties such as increased proliferation and migration, drug resistance, decreased apoptosis rate and avoiding immune surveillance. Experimental studies showed the association of THCs with a high frequency of cancer metastasis; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Many other questions also remain to be answered: the role of genetic alterations in tumor cell fusion, the molecular landscape of cells after fusion, the lifetime and fate of different THCs, and the specific markers of THCs, and their correlation with various cancers and clinicopathological parameters. In this review, we discuss the factors and potential mechanisms involved in the occurrence of THCs, the types of THCs, and their role in cancer drug resistance and metastasis, as well as potential therapeutic approaches for the prevention and targeting of tumor cell fusion. In conclusion, we emphasize the current knowledge gaps in the biology of THCs that should be addressed to develop highly effective therapeutics and strategies for metastasis suppression.
Study on Electromagnetic Radiation Interference Caused by Rocket Fuel
Authors: Cui Yuanbo , Kong Deren , Jiang Jian , Gao Shang , Wang Shuai
Published: November 2021

During the launch and return of a spacecraft, the intense combustion of propellants generates strong electromagnetic radiation, which interferes with the operation of electronic equipment in the spacecraft. To improve the electromagnetic compatibility of electronic equipment in spacecraft, it is necessary to study the electromagnetic radiation characteristics of rocket fuel. An electromagnetic radiation measurement system based on antennas is designed to measure the electromagnetic radiation generated by rocket fuel, and the electromagnetic radiation characteristics are obtained through data analysis. The mechanism of the electromagnetic radiation generated by rocket fuel is comprehensively analysed through the spatial, time-domain, frequency-domain, and energy-domain characteristics. A characterization model is established to provide a reliable scheme for evaluating the influence of rocket fuel electromagnetic radiation on electronic equipment in spacecraft.
Colour in Medieval Castle Architecture in Present-Day Poland and Czech Republic
Authors: Adamska Dagmara , Nocuń Przemysław , Ratajczak Tomasz , Záruba František
Published: November 2021

Colours were ubiquitous in the medieval world, and castles were no exception. While in the eyes of most people their rich colour schemes manifested power and wealth, some could also read the more nuanced messages these colours conveyed. The main objective of this paper is to discuss the use and role of colour in the interiors of castles of medieval Bohemia and Poland. The picture is complemented by the analysis of colour decorations of defensive residences of the Teutonic Order, for which colour schemes of external facades can be addressed as well. The dis-cussion takes into account the varying state of preservation and draws from the available writ-ten accounts. To present the most complete picture possible, we discuss royal residences, for which unfortunately limited data is available, as well as better-preserved castles of dukes and knights. We discuss the identified iconographic programmes and their chivalric, heraldic, and hagiographic motifs. Also within the scope of our discussion are late forms of floral decorations, known as “green chambers”. The numerous examples presented in the paper prove that colour was an important tool of visual social communication in castle architecture: it complemented the symbolism, and sometimes carried an independent message.
Towards Real-Time In-Situ Mid-Infrared Spectroscopic Ellipsometry in Polymer Processing
Authors: Ebner Alexander , Zimmerleiter Robert , Hingerl Kurt , Brandstetter Markus
Published: November 2021

Recent developments in mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopic ellipsometry enabled by quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) resulted in a drastic improvement in signal-to-noise ratio compared to conventional thermal emitter based instrumentation. Thus, it was possible to reduce the acquisition time for high-resolution broadband ellipsometric spectra from multiple hours to less than 1 second. This opens up new possibilities for real-time in-situ ellipsometry in polymer processing. To highlight these evolving capabilities we demonstrate the benefits of a QCL based MIR ellipsometer by investigating single and multilayered polymer films. The molecular structure and reorientation of a 2.5m thin biaxially oriented polyethylene terephtalate film is monitored during a stretching process lasting 24.5 s to illustrate the perspective of ellipsometric measurements in dynamic processes. In addition, a polyethylene/ethylene vinyl alcohol/polyethylene multilayer film is investigated at continuously varying angle of incidence ( 0∘ – 50∘) in 17.2 s, highlighting an unprecedented sample throughput for the technique of varying angle spectroscopic ellipsometry in the MIR spectral range. The obtained results underline the superior spectral and temporal resolution of QCL ellipsometry and qualify this technique as suitable method for advanced in-situ monitoring in polymer processing.
The Good Pregnancy Network: An Alternative Approach for Gestational Diabetes
Authors: Ikomi Amaju , Mannan Shaheen
Published: November 2021

Basildon and Thurrock University Hospital witnessed rapidly increasing numbers of pregnant women with diabetes, causing overburdened specialist clinics, poorer patient experience and worsening clinical outcomes. This prompted the multidisciplinary team’s remodelling of care pathways, launching the General ownership of Diabetes (GooD) Pregnancy Network in 2014. Contrary to conventional limitation of care to specialist diabetes antenatal clinics, this novel initiative highlights contemporary necessity to equip and empower all maternity stakeholders to deliver basic care of gestational diabetes (GDM). It strategically connects a Midwife Tele-Clinic “hub” to Educating Gestational diabetics Group Sessions (EGGS) and standard antenatal clinics. Patients were key partners, regularly participating in feedback surveys and promoting public awareness by co-producing local newspaper articles that served up their stories as case studies. Furthermore, the EGGS “faculty” includes a former GDM patient whose video testimony has inspired almost 2000 patients and their families; aiming to foster long term healthy lifestyle changes. Final summative evaluation in November 2019 showed the new culture of wider consciousness has shortened ‘diagnosis to first consultation’ intervals, eliminated overbooked specialist clinics (none since January 2016), substantially improved clinical outcomes, boosted research recruitment and avoided additional running costs to the tune of £66,384 a year.
Age and Sex-Related Associations Between Marital Status, Physical Activity and TV Time
Authors: Cavazzotto Timothy Gustavo , Stavinski Natã Gomes de Lima , Queiroga Marcos Roberto , Silva Michael Pereira da , Cyrino Edilson Serpeloni , Serassuelo Junior Helio , Vieira Edgar Ramos
Published: November 2021

Abstract: The aim of the present study was to identify the age and sex-related associations between marital status with PA and TV time. We used data from Vigitel, an annual telephone survey started in 2006 in Brazil. We applied a complex sample logistic regression model to estimate the odds for PA and TV time comparing marital statuses according to age and sex subgroups, independent of obesity, hypertension, diabetes, self-assessed poor health, and smoking. Our sample included 561,837 individuals with a TV time > 3 h/day (prevalence = 25.2%) and PA > 150 min/week (prevalence = 35%). Compared to single individuals, married men and women were less likely to watch TV more than 3 h/day in participants > 30 years old. When compared to single, married participants were less likely to do more than 150 min of PA/week at younger age groups. Married women older than 40 years were more likely to do more than 150 min of PA/week than the single ones, while there were no differences among married men by age group. In conclusion, married individuals are less likely to spend more than 3 hours a day watching TV than single individuals. Single men and women were more likely to do more than 150 min of PA/week at younger age groups and married women older than 40 years were more likely to do 150 min of PA/week than single women.
Rayleigh–Bénard Instability of an Ellis Fluid Saturated Porous Channel with an Isoflux Boundary
Authors: Brandão Pedro Vayssière , Celli Michele , Barletta Antonio
Published: November 2021

The onset of the thermal instability is investigated in a porous channel with plane parallel boundaries saturated by a non–Newtonian shear–thinning fluid and subject to a horizontal throughflow. The Ellis model is adopted to describe the fluid rheology. Both horizontal boundaries are assumed to be impermeable. A uniform heat flux is supplied through the lower boundary, while the upper boundary is kept at a uniform temperature. Such an asymmetric setup of the thermal boundary conditions is analysed via a numerical solution of the linear stability eigenvalue problem. The linear stability analysis is developed for three–dimensional normal modes of perturbation showing that the transverse modes are the most unstable. The destabilising effect of the non-Newtonian shear–thinning character of the fluid is also demonstrated as compared to the behaviour displayed, for the same flow configuration, by a Newtonian fluid.
Risk-Controlled Wellbore Stability Criterion Based on a Machine-Learning-Assisted Finite-Element Model
Authors: AlBahrani Hussain , Morita Nobuo
Published: November 2021

In certain drilling scenarios, the mud weight required to completely prevent wellbore enlargement can be impractically high. In such cases, what is known as risk-controlled wellbore stability criterion is introduced. This criterion allows for a certain and manageable level of wellbore enlargements to take place. Conventionally, the allowable level of wellbore enlargements in this type of model has always been based on the magnitude of the breakout angle. However, wellbore enlargements, as seen in caliper and image logs, can be highly irregular in terms of their distribution around the wellbore. This means that risk controlling wellbore stability through the breakout angle parameter can be insufficient. Instead, the total volume of cavings is introduced as the risk-control parameter. Unlike the breakout angle, the total volume of cavings can be coupled with a suitable hydraulics model to determine the threshold of manageable enlargement. The volume of cavings is determined using a machine-learning (ML)-assisted 3D elastoplastic finite-element model (FEM). The model implementation is first validated through experimental data. Next, a full data set from offset wells is used to populate and train the model. The trained model is then used to produce estimations of risk-controlled stability mud weights for different drilling scenarios. The model results are compared against those produced by conventional methods. Finally, both the FEM-ML model and the conventional method's results are compared against the drilling experience of the offset wells. The results illustrate how this methodology provides a more comprehensive and new solution to risk controlling wellbore stability.
Rapid Assembly of Colorless Antimicrobial And Anti-Odor Coatings From Polyphenols And Silver
Authors: Richardson Joseph J. , Liao Wenting , Li Jincai , Cheng Bohan , Wang Chenyu , Maruyama Taku , Tardy Blaise L. , Guo Junling , Zhao Lingyuan , An Wanping , Ejima Hirotaka
Published: November 2021

The development of antimicrobial fabrics and textiles that can sustainably inhibit a broad spectrum of microbes is crucial for protecting against pathogens in various environments. However, engineering antimicrobial textiles is challenging due to issues with discoloration and inhibited breathability, the use of harmful or harsh reagents and synthesis conditions, and complex and/or time-consuming processing. Herein, we develop a facile and rapid approach to deposit antimicrobial coatings using universally adherent plant polyphenols and antimicrobial silver ions. Importantly, the coatings are colorless, thin (<10 nm), rapidly assembled (<20 min), and can be deposited via immersion or spraying. We demonstrate that these metal-phenolic coatings on textiles can inhibit lipid-enveloped viruses over one thousand times more efficiently than coatings composed of other metal ions, while maintaining their efficacy even after 10 washes. Moreover, the coatings also inhibit Gram positive and negative bacteria, and fungi, and can prevent odors on clothes for at least 10 washes. Collectively, the ease of synthesis, use of simple and safe precursors, and amenability to at-home and industrial application suggests that the coatings will find practical application in various settings.
Genetic Manipulation of FBP1 Expression in Breast Cancer Cells Reveals the Potential of FBP1 to Disrupt The Warburg Effect, and Nutrient Mediated Adaptive Post-Translational Regulation of FBP1 Protein Levels.
Authors: Ghanem Ali , Troung Boilinh , Wölfl Stefan
Published: November 2021

The key gluconeogenic enzyme Fructose 1,6 bisphosphatase has emerged as a potential metabolic tumour suppressor in recent years. Ablation of FBP1 expression in various tumours fosters metabolic rewiring towards an increased reliance on aerobic glycolysis. While FBP1 is completely repressed in many cancers, breast tumours display distinct FBP1 expression based on their subtype, hence making breast cancer a suitable model for discerning the effects of FBP1 in contexts of cancer initiation and progression. We used ectopic over-expression and CRISPR-Cas9 disruption to establish cell lineages with stable alterations in their FBP1 levels. Complete knock-outs of FBP1 on gene level confirm the major impact of FBP1 on cancer cell metabolism and proliferation. Moreover, our results reveal cancer subtype-specific peculiarities in response to ectopic FBP1 expression including a clear demonstration of an adaptive proteasomal degradation of FBP1 in breast cancer cells, which is regulated by glucose and nutrient availability. In addition to validating the suggested tumour suppressor role of FBP1, our findings demonstrate an efficient adaptive complex regulation of FBP1 expression and its impact on the adaptation of cancer cells to nutrient conditions. Our results highlight the importance of FBP1 ablation on the protein level and its potential relevance to cancer and beyond.
Gas Phase Metallicities of Local Ultra-Luminous Infrared Galaxies Follow Normal Star-Forming Galaxies
Authors: Cooray Asantha , Chartab Nima , Ma Jingzhe , Nayyeri Hooshang , Zillot Preston , Lopez Jonathan , Fadda Dario , Herrera-Camus Rodrigo , Malkan Mathew , rigopoulou Dimitra , Sheth Kartik , Wardlow Julie
Published: November 2021

Despite advances in observational data, theoretical models, and computational
techniques to simulate key physical processes in the formation and evolution of
galaxies, the stellar mass assembly of galaxies still remains an unsolved problem
today. Optical spectroscopic measurements appears to show that the gas-phase
metallicities of local ultra-luminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs) are significantly
lower than those of normal star-forming galaxies1–3. This difference has resulted
in the claim that ULIRGs are fueled by metal-poor gas accretion from
the outskirts4. Here we report on a new set of gas-phase metallicity measurements
making use of the far-infrared spectral lines of [Oiii]52 μm, [Oiii]88 μm,
and [Niii]57 μm instead of the usual optical lines. Photoionization models have
resulted in a metallicity diagnostic based on these three lines that break the electron
density degeneracy and reduces the scatter of the correlation significantly5.
Using new data from SOFIA and archival data from Herschel Space Observatory,
we find that local ULIRGs lie on the mass-metallicity relation of star-forming
galaxies and have metallicities comparable to other galaxies with similar stellar
masses and star formation rates. The lack of a departure suggests that ULIRGs
follow the same mass assembly mechanism as luminous star-forming galaxies and
∼ 0.3 dex under-abundance in metallicities derived from optical lines is a result
of heavily obscured metal-rich gas which has a negligible effect when using the
FIR line diagnostics.