bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morphological Variations of Sacrum in Adult Indian Population
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, ESIC Medical College & Hospital, Alwar, Rajasthan, India., Saluja Sandeep , Agarwal Sneh ,   Director Professor & Head, Department of Anatomy, Lady Hardinge Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi, India., Tuli Anita ,   Consultant, Department of Anatomy, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India., Raheja Shashi ,   Professor & Head, Department of Anatomy, Dr. Baba Saheb Ambedkar Medical College & Hospital, Delhi, India., Tigga Sarika Rachel ,   Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, ESIC Medical College & Hospital, Alwar, Rajasthan, India.
Published: March 2022

Introduction: The sacrum is considered as a highly variable bone. Several morphological variations have been documented which exhibit differences in the frequency of occurrence and morphological characteristics in various study populations. Variant anatomy of the sacrum may be associated with backache, enuresis, neurological anomalies of the lower limb and functional disorders of lower urinary tract. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify and describe morphological variations of sacrum in Indian population and enable comparison with different populations. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 108 dry adult human sacra and morphological characteristics and variations were noted. Results: Sacral skewness was observed in 7.4% sacra with right sided skewness being predominant. The presence of accessory auricular surface (AAS) was noted in 13% sacra which was at the level of S3 vertebra in most sacra. Spina bifida (SB) was observed in 11.1% sacra and it was most commonly located at S1 vertebral level. Furthermore, the lumbo-sacral transitional vertebra (TV) was documented in 10.2% sacra. Conclusions: Sacrum displays numerous variations in Indian population such as skewness, AAS, SB and TV. Thorough knowledge of morphological characteristics and variations of sacrum is vital and should be contemplated during diagnosis and treatment of sacrum-related diseases. KEY WORDS: Accessory auricular surface, Spina bifida, Transitional vertebra, Sacral skewness, Variations.
Craniocerebral and Spinal Dysraphism with Omphalocele – A Case Report of Primary Neurulation Defect
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, Sree Balaji medical college and hospital, BIHER, Chrompet, Chennai, India., Rajan Rahe , Johnson WMS ,   Professor, Department of Anatomy, Sree Balaji medical college and hospital, Chrompet, Chennai, India., Sharath Krishnaveni ,   Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, Sree Balaji medical college and hospital BIHER, Chrompet, Chennai, India., Devi G Durga ,   Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, Sree Balaji medical college and hospital, BIHER, Chrompet, Chennai, India., Koshy Jinu Merlin ,   Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, Sree Balaji medical college and hospital, BIHER, Chrompet, Chennai, India.
Published: March 2022

Background: Anencephaly and Spina bifida are the two most common types of neural tube defects (NTDs). Disrupted formation and closure of neural folds leads to Craniocerebral and spinal dysraphisms. Materials and methods: An 18 week old foetus was received in the department of Anatomy after elective medical termination of pregnancy due to the diagnosis of neural tube defect and associated congenital anomalies. Case Report: The foetus had anencephaly, thoracic-lumbar spina bifida, omphlocele and clubbed foot and hands. The foetus was dissected and studied, to look for abnormal internal structures. On meticulous dissection it was found that there were abnormalities in spine, gastrointestinal system and cranium. Conclusion: Anencephaly is a neural tube defect which has multiple neural and non-neural associated anomalies. A detailed description of the combination of associated anomalies goes a long way in updating knowledge on the same. KEY WORDS: Anencephaly, spina bifida, omphalocele, folic acid, neural tube defects.
Effectiveness of Flipped Class Room Approach as a Teaching Methodology in Anatomy for Early Clinical Exposure Modules for First-Year Medical Students – An Interventional Study
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute , Chettinad Academy of Research and Education Chennai , Tamil Nadu, India., M. S Arathi. , Devi G. Durga ,   Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, Sree Balaji Medical College & Hospital, BIHER Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India., Sharath Krishnaveni ,   Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, Sree Balaji Medical College & Hospital, BIHER Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India., Johnson WMS ,   Professor of Anatomy, Dean, Sree Balaji Medical College & Hospital, BIHER Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India., Bhandari Ashini ,   Biostatistician, Department of Community Medicine, Sree Balaji Medical College & Hospital, BIHER, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Published: March 2022

Background: The National Medical Commission (NMC) of India has rolled out the competency based undergraduate medical curriculum in the year 2019 where there is more emphasis on integration of basic and clinical sciences, early clinical exposure (ECE) and clinical competence and skills. To achieve this it is essential to work on higher forms of cognitive work. Hence it reckons for the change in the teaching–learning methodology currently in practice. Thus we introduced a innovative teaching methodology such as flipped class room (FCR) methodology among first year medical graduates for early clinical exposure modules in anatomy. Materials and methods: This interventional study was conducted among the 1st year MBBS students of Sree Balaji Medical College & Hospital (2019–2020 academic year). The ECE modules were taught using both traditional lectures and FCR methodology. Pre‑ and post tests were conducted for both the methodology. A comparative analysis of FCR teaching method with lecture based session was done by obtaining the scores of the students. A Structured questionnaire to assess the learner’s perception about FCR teaching methodology was obtained from the participants. The Results were analyzed using microsoft excel and SPSS software version 23. Evaluation of teaching tool was done by using Kirkpatrick model Results: Repeated measures Anova was applied and there was a significant difference within the two methodology and the interaction effect was also significant with P value 0.001. Although both methods show increase in mean from pre to post test the mean increase in flipped class method is more than the lecture. Spearman’s correlation was done which showed there is a significant relationship between both the methods with p value 0.001 correlation co-efficient r was 0.377. Overall Response to FCR method received higher rating. Conclusion: FCR methodology creates the opportunity to meet the needs of students through various instructional activities. There is a positive reinforcement and improvement in the student’s performance. KEY WORDS: Early Clinical Exposure, flipped classroom, Anatomy, student’s perception, traditional class.
A Cadaveric Study on the Anomalous Extensors of the Hand
Authors:   Ph.D Scholar, BIHER Chennai, Tamilnadu, India., N. Esakkiammal  , Rajasundram Archana ,   Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India., Sharma Rakhee ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, University College of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India., Johnson WMS ,   Professor and Dean, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.
Published: March 2022

Background: The hands play a pivotal role in skilled movements. Anomalous muscles of the extensors of the hand are seen usually in anatomical dissections and during surgeries. Variations of the muscles in the dorsum of hand may be asymptomatic or may cause dorsal wrist pain, particularly if a muscle belly encroaches on and obstruct the wrist's small extensor compartments deep to extensor retinaculum. Methods: A total of 54 upper limb specimens were used for the current study from the Anatomy Department of an undergraduate & postgraduate teaching Medical College in India. Incidence of additional muscle belly and its tendon in the posterior compartment of the forearm and dorsum of the hand were noted and photographed. Results: The anomalous muscle bellies and tendons in extensor compartment of forearm and dorsum of hand were observed in 10 limbs (18.5%) of 54 limbs. Of which, the extensor medii proprius (EMP) was 9.3%, extensor digitorum brevis manus (EDBM) was 3.7%. The numbers of the tendon of the extensor digitorum (ED) were varied in 3 limbs (5.6%). Conclusion: Knowledge of anatomical data of such variant muscles and additional belly or tendon in the extensor compartment of forearm and dorsum of hand is essential for surgeons to modify treatment plan, so as to avoid reporting error and of surgical procedures while operating on hand. KEY WORDS: Hand extensors, Anomalous muscles, Extensor mediiproprius, Extensor digitorum brevis manus, Extensor digitorum.
Renal Hypoplasia: Case Literature Review
Authors:   Professor and Head, Department of Anatomy, D.Y. Patil Medical College, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Nakhate Manisha , Bande Varsha ,   Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, D.Y. Patil Medical College, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Mishra Manisha ,   Assistant Lecturer, Department of Anatomy, D.Y. Patil Medical College, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Kumar Rajesh ,   Department of Anatomy, AIIMS New Delhi, India.
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) presents a broad range of disorders including abnormal renal parenchymal development, disrupted parenchymal development, abnormalities of lower urinary tract, urinary collecting system. The knowledge of these anomalies will help the clinicians and surgeons during the procedures of kidney. The purpose of this article is to present one of the cases of renal hypoplasia and the review that highlights renal hypoplasia cases. Methodology: A vertical incision has been made in midline from xiphoid process to pubic symphysis encircling the umbilicus, another incision from pubic symphysis laterally up to the anterior superior iliac tubercle along the iliac crest to expose the abdominal cavity. Details of the position suprarenal gland and the upper poles of the kidneys and external appearance of kidneys in situ were noted. The arrangement of the attached structures such as the hilum with structures passing through, ureter, bladder, abdominal aorta and the inferior vena cava were also noted and recorded. Observation and Result: The size of the left kidney was found small in comparison to right kidney. Coronal section of left kidney also showed a smaller number of renal pyramids, major calyces and minor calyces. Conclusion: The knowledge of anatomical variations of urinary system has a significant role for clinicians and surgeons for diagnosing diseases including congenital anomalies, radiological interpretations, procedures, surgical interventions and management of clinical conditions. KEY WORDS: Renal Hypoplasia, Congenital Anomalies Of Kidney And Ureter, Cadavers, Dissection.
Morphometry and Sexual Dimorphism of the Human Clavicle in South Indian Population
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, SVS Medical College, Mahaboob Nagar, Telangana, India., Panuganti Praveen Kumar , Reddy Muchintala Venkateshwar ,   Professor & Head, Department of anatomy, SVS Medical College, Mahaboob Nagar, Telangana, India., Poojari Meghana S ,   Tutor, Department of Anatomy, Basaveshwara Medical College and Hospital, Chitradurga, Karnataka, India., Shrish Patil ,   Professor & Head, Department of Anatomy,Basaveshwara Medical College and hospital, Chitradurga, Karnataka, India., Kumar Jyothi Ashok ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Basaveshwara Medical College and hospital, Chitradurga, Karnataka. India.
Published: March 2022

Background: In forensic anthropology, determining an individual's sex is the fundamental criteria of identification, but this is a tough task that gets considerably more difficult when only a single bone, such as the clavicle, is available. In physical anthropology, determining the sex of a deceased individual is a fundamental prerequisite. Physical anthropologists have gotten more concerned about the difficulties of human identity in recent years. Traditional techniques of sexing bone are subjective and ineffective when absolute sexing precision is desired, hence this study. Methods: Measurement of clavicular length and circumference using an Osteometric board or sliding and Vernier Callipers product from 1128 dry clavicles of unknown sex and age procured from various medical institutions and departments of anthropology in south Inda. Length, inner angle, outer angle, the sum of angles, inner segment, middle segment, outside segment, width at the inner end at an inner angle, least width at conoid tubercle, at the outer end, and mid circumference have all been measured. Results and Discussion: The male mid-shaft circumference is 38.0±0.5mm on the right side and 36.5±0.5mm on the left side, whereas the female mid-shaft circumference is 31.4±0.3mm on the right side and 31.4±0.6mm on the left side. The length of the left clavicle is greater than the length of the right collarbone. The curvature of the right collarbone is higher than that of the left, resulting in a shorter right bone than the left. The clavicle of males has a higher mean across all parameters than females. Male clavicle length is more than female clavicle length, midshaft circumference is less in females than males, and breadth at an inner angle is shorter in females than men, all of which are statistically significant. The Mid-shaft Circumference as a sex-determination metric is statistically significant in differentiating the clavicle's sex. This delivers a better result than clavicle weight since clavicle weight fluctuates with age and the health state of the individual. Male clavicles have a larger Mid-shaft Circumference than female clavicles. KEY WORDS: Anthrozoology, Clavicle, Morphometry, Skeletal Remains, Mid-Shaft Circumference.
Cross-Sectional Study of Placental Surface Area and Umbilical Cord Attachment on Placenta in Normal and PIH Pregnancy and Its Effects on Foetal Weight
Authors:   Assistant professor, Department of Anatomy, The Oxford medical college, Hospital and Research centre, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India., Hiremath Jayashree. N. , Ramesh P  ,   Assistant professor, Department of Anatomy, Sri Siddhartha medical college and Hospital, Tumakuru, Karnataka, India.
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) is one of the risk factor in pregnancy leading to placental insufficiency which in turn is responsible for maternal and foetal morbidity and mortality. PIH causes morphological changes in placenta. Decreased placental surface area and variation in the attachment of umbilical cord on placenta are more commonly noted in PIH which hampers the uteroplacental perfusion resulting in foetal mortality and morbidity. Hence afforts were made to study the incidence of reduced placental surface area and mode of cord attachment on placenta. Materials and methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy, Sri Siddhartha medical college and Hospital, Tumakuru, Karnataka. A total of 100 (50 normal and 50 PIH) human placentae were studied. Placental surface area and mode of attachment of umbilical cord in normal and PIH pregnancy were measured and noted. This study was analysed statistically by using Unpaired t-test and Chi-square test. Results: The study revealed significantly decrease in placental surface area and also there is increased incidence of central and marginal attachment of umbilical cord in PIH cases. Conclusion: Study reveals, PIH cause morphological changes in placenta, it decreasing the uteroplacental blood flow which reduces foetal nutrition ultimately decreasing the neonatal weight. KEY WORDS: PIH, uteroplacental blood flow, neonatal weight, placental surface area and Umbilical cord.
Clustered Origin of the Left Coronary Artery from the Left Sinus of Valsalva: Uncharacteristic Developmental Event in the Temporally Regulated Process
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, New Jersey 08103, USA., Melovitz-Vasan Cheryl , Printz Lauren ,   Technical Supervisor, Department of Biomedical Sciences Cooper Medical School of Rowan University,. Camden, New Jersey 08103, USA., Vasan Nagaswami ,   Professor of Anatomy Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, New Jersey 08103, USA.
Published: March 2022

Coronary artery development is a sequential and progressively regulated process. However, there are a number of reports available on the disturbance to this temporal process resulting in variations of the artery. In these instances, the function of the coronary arteries was normal in providing blood supply to the heart. The normal and abnormal coronary artery development has been studied using a variety of approaches and the knowledge continues to evolve. The cadaveric specimen was obtained from the “willed body program” for the purpose of student dissection. During the cadaveric dissection of a 94-year old male Caucasian we observed that the left coronary artery arose from the coronary ostium in a cluster of multiple branches. A detailed study of the origin of the left coronary artery showed that there is one ostium from which multiple branches arose. The right coronary artery arose normally from the right coronary ostium. The coronary veins were normal and returned the blood through the coronary sinus to the right atrium. The anomalous finding is discussed in the light of what is already known about the normal coronary artery development and rationalize a possible explanation. We conclude that the abnormal development of the coronary artery is rarely detrimental and provides adequate blood circulation to the heart. However, knowledge of such malformation is important in clinical practice. KEY WORDS: Coronary Artery, Clustered Left Coronary Artery, Normal Coronary Development, Anomalous Developmental Process, Clinical Significance.
O impacto da pandemia Covid-19 na vida dos idosos: perceção e mudança
Authors: Luísa Cláudia
Published: March 2022

Os efeitos da pandemia extrapolaram idades e fronteiras, atingindo todas as faixas etárias. Em Portugal, como na maior parte dos países do Mundo, atravessamos uma conjuntura de graves desigualdades sociais, fenómenos de exclusão social e pobreza, falta de oportunidades, no que diz respeito ao acesso a saúde, a educação, a cultura e a justiça e direitos para todos, situações agravadas pela Pandemia da Covid-19. A população idosa no presente contexto, identificado como grupo vulnerável, apresenta um maior risco de complicações na doença, a morte é significativamente mais elevada em idosos com comorbidades bem como o risco de complicações também é mais acentuado. A pandemia veio mostrar-nos que todos os idosos são diferentes e possuem as suas particularidades. Para compreender o impacto da pandemia na vida dos idosos realizou-se um trabalho exploratório, qualitativo e descritivo, suportado por um guião de entrevista semiestruturada, a 17 pessoas com mais de 67 anos, residentes na região do Algarve. O objetivo geral do estudo era entender as significações subjetivas e perceções dos participantes relativamente à forma como encararam as restrições sociais, como geriram a impossibilidade ou diminuição dos contactos sociais e como se readaptaram a uma nova realidade e que recursos ou estratégias utilizaram. Os resultados demostraram que a maioria dos entrevistados acredita que a crise pandémica teve impactos significativos nas suas relações sociais e na saúde física e mental, uma vez que se viram privados, dados os sucessivos confinamentos, de realizarem as suas atividades. As respostas à pandemia devem ser multidisciplinares, aliando a prática à teoria, colaborativas, onde exista a negociação de parcerias locais e nacionais, com apoios económicos para minimizar as desigualdades sociais no acesso a bens e serviços por parte dos idosos.
Qualidade de sono em pacientes com fibromialgia
Authors: Guardado Pires Francisca , Almeida Carvalho Lucinda Sofía , Marques Pereira Alexandre José
Published: March 2022

Introdução: A fibromialgia é caracterizada como uma doença crónica na qual a principal característica é a dor músculo-esquelética generalizada, associada a pontos dolorosos com localizações anatomicamente precisas quando sujeitas a palpação. Em situações normais estes estímulos não provocariam dor. Predominantemente o género feminino é o mais afetado e frequentemente está associada a sintomas como fadiga, dificuldades cognitivas, perturbações de humor, cefaleias, alterações gastrointestinais e a distúrbios do sono. A relação sono e dor, sintoma primordial da fibromialgia é consistente, sendo os distúrbios do sono muito comuns sugerindo que estes têm uma elevada relevância no agravamento da sintomatologia. Objetivo: Avaliação através de questionários a relação entre qualidade de sono e sintomatologia da fibromialgia. Métodos: Estudo analítico, observacional e transversal, com uma amostra do tipo não probabilístico, realizado em 38 indivíduos. O estudo implicou o autopreenchimento de inquéritos nomeadamente Informação Geral, Escala Visual Analógica da Intensidade da Dor, Questionário Impacto da Fibromialgia, Índice Qualidade de Sono de Pittsburgh e Questionário qualidade de vida SF-12. A análise estatística foi executada com recurso ao programa SPSS® (Statistic Product and Service Solution). Resultados: Verificou-se que as variáveis PSQI global e SF-12 apresentaram uma correlação negativa fraca com significância marginalmente significativa (p=0,072) e uma correlação positiva moderada estatisticamente significativa foi verificada entre a depressão e ansiedade (p<0,001). As restantes variáveis não apresentaram quaisquer associações. Conclusão: A sintomatologia da fibromialgia está relacionada com os distúrbios do sono, devendo estes pacientes realizar uma avaliação do sono tanto subjetiva como objetiva. Da mesma forma, deve ser incentivada uma intervenção multidisciplinar de maneira a potenciar o aumento da qualidade de vida destes pacientes, melhorando e adaptando o seu acompanhamento clínico e adotando abordagens não apenas farmacológicas.
Actitud hacia las personas mayores y variables asociadas en un grupo de estudiantes universitarios del ámbito de la educación
Authors: González Moreno J. , Agusti A.I. , Guillem J. , Parra Rizo M.A. , Cantero García M.
Published: March 2022

Las actitudes se definen como un constructo que implica un estado de disposición mental (aspectos cognitivos y afectivos) que influyen en nuestra percepción, pensamiento y motivación, y dirigen nuestras conductas. Las actitudes se convierten en elementos determinantes para predecir conductas positivas o negativas hacia los demás, especialmente hacia las personas mayores. El objetivo de este estudio es conocer las actitudes del alumnado de títulos universitarios de educación, ya que serán los próximos profesionales que eduquen. Conocer las actitudes y variables que puedan influir en estas puede ser un aspecto clave para desarrollar intervenciones posteriores, así como, para mejorar las actitudes hacia el mayor, y, por ende, su atención. Este estudio muestra que la actitud es moderadamente positiva, y que una actitud más positiva está relacionada con tener interés por temas de vejez, y con cuatro fortalezas humanas como son el amor, la bondad, la gratitud y la humildad.
Dispositivos o servicios tecnológicos durante la práctica de actividad física para personas con enfermedad: revisión sistemática
Authors: García Belloso Amara , Macías Leal María Dolores
Published: March 2022

Gracias a los avances tecnológicos se han elaborado diversos servicios web que fomentan la actividad física a personas con diversas enfermedades. Objetivo: Conocer lostipos de dispositivos o servicios basados en la tecnología que se han desarrollado para ayudar a los usuarios con enfermedades con el objetivo de mantener y crear rutinas relacionadas con la actividad física o deporte. Así como conocer las diferentes enfermedades que se suelen tratar con este tipo de tecnología. Método: La presente revisión sistemática, realiza un método descriptivo como forma de extracción de la información mediante un análisis profundo y detallado sobre la información recogida, seleccionando una serie de variables y explicando sus frecuencias para desarrollar así la realidad con la que nos encontramos. Resultado: De los artículos seleccionados el 35% de los artículos pertenecen a Estados Unidos; la mayoría de ellos son de tipo cuantitativo y la edad de la muestra que más predomina son mayores de 18 años, una población adulta. La enfermedad que predomina en cuanto al estudio del servicio web es la diabetes tipo 2 siendo la diabetes tipo 1 la segunda más estudiada y la depresión la que continúa.Conclusiones: La producción científica ha aumentado a lo largo de los años en relación con las enfermedades actuales, la enfermedad más trabajada es la diabetes de tipo 2 y las aplicaciones son el tipo de servicio web que más abunda en la actualidad.
[RETRACTED] Dr. Hemp Organics Gummies - Scam Brand or Legit CBD Gummy to Buy? v1
Authors: not provided gainsonvertual
Published: March 2022

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[RETRACTED] Tranquileafz CBD Gummies -Healing With CBD Gummies, Pro and Shocking Effect v1
Authors: CBD Gummies Tranquileafz
Published: March 2022

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Tranquileafz CBD Gummies -Healing With CBD Gummies, Pro and Shocking Effect
[RETRACTED] RevitaNu SkinCare Cream: Guide to Natural Skin Care & Everyday Makeup | Beauty Secrets v1
Authors: not provided ehiaeunterina
Published: March 2022

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[RETRACTED] Tranquileafz CBD Gummies Reviews– Ingredients That Work or Scam? v1
Authors: CBD Gummies Tranquileafz
Published: March 2022

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Tranquileafz CBD Gummies Reviews– Ingredients That Work or Scam?
Tecendo comentários ao artigo “Redescobrindo a família rural brasileira”, de Mauro Almeida
Authors: Sevá Verená , Amoedo Diego
Published: March 2022

This is a comment on the article “Rediscovering the Brazilian rural family”, published by Mauro Almeida, in 1986, in the Revista Brasileira de Ciências Sociais. The publication stood out at the time and, even today, remains current by questioning central notions in the study of rural populations. Our objective was to resume the problem raised by Almeida about the multiplicity of analytical uses that the notion of rural family has, and to propose a dialogue with later academic works by the author and other Brazilian social scientists, seeking to show the current relevance of the debate.The rediscovery of the rural family proposed in the text discussed here remains an important theoretical and methodological reference for thinking about the diversity of models and forms of organi-zation of the rural populations, and for stressing the use of grand narratives and hermetic analytical categories in the understanding of a humanity plural.
Boundary Adjustment, Transformation and Liquidation of Specially Protected Natural Areas: Problems of Legal Regulation and Law Enforcement
Authors: Andreechev I. S.
Published: March 2022

Based on the analysis of federal and regional legislation, the practice of their application by authorities, judicial practice, federal legislative initiatives and approaches in the scientific literature, the paper examines the issues of boundaries adjustment, transformation and liquidation of specially protected natural areas. All the considered aspects of this problem indicate the need for its legislative solution at the federal level by clearly defining these concepts, criteria and grounds for decision-making, the sequence of procedures and the timing of decisionmaking. Prior to the adoption of such a decision at the federal level, regional and municipal practice should be subject to revision. The paper concludes that when addressing the development of a network of specially protected natural areas, one should proceed from the priority of preserving natural and historical and cultural complexes and objects on the territory of specially protected natural areas over other tasks, as well as a scientifically based combination of environmental, economic and social approaches for making managerial decisions, systemic and comprehensive solution of problems in the field of organization and functioning of specially protected natural areas. Such principles can only be ensured on the basis of a comprehensive perspective view of the development of a network of such territories, which should be enshrined in the concept of development of specially protected natural areas.
Relationship between the level of vitamin D in bloof flow and skin dermatosis
Authors: Morozova Elena A. , Kurdyukova Ekaterina V.
Published: March 2022

Vitamin D is vital for bone health and its deficiency deemed as a disease of the past has re-emerged as an important health concern. Thanks to modern research, the role of vitamin D has been studied in detail and goes far beyond the concepts of regulating the mineral composition of bones. A small amount of active vitamin in the form of cholecalciferol is obtained by the body with food of animal origin, in the form of ergocalciferol and previtamin D ― with food of plant origin. Another way to get vitamin D is exposure to solar radiation. Both insufficient and excessive levels of vitamin D have adverse effects on the body. A constant blood level above 200 ng/ml is considered toxic and is manifested by anorexia, weight loss, polyuria and cardiac arrhythmia. Vitamin D toxicity increases the risk of kidney stones, calcification of blood vessels and tissues, as well as complications associated with these changes.
The growing interest in the role played by vitamin D in skin disease has given rise to the publication of many studies of the relationship between this vitamin and cutaneous dermatoses. Undoubtedly, a complete understanding of the synthesis of vitamin D, the main sources of its production by the body, indicators of the normal content of vitamin D levels in the blood, as well as factors that can influence their changes, are important. Of particular interest are the latest discoveries about the role of vitamin D in skin diseases such as lupus erythematosus, ichthyosis, atopic dermatitis, hidradenitis suppurativa, acne, alopecia areata, androgenetic alopecia, melanoma, and nonmelanoma skin cancer.
Also of interest is the importance of vitamin D as adjuvant therapy in patients on long-term treatment with corticosteroids. In this review, we provide an overview of the most important and most recent information regarding the relationship between vitamin D and skin disease and discuss the importance of assessing individual vitamin D status and correcting deficiencies.
Multiple cylindroma of the scalp
Authors: Vertieva Ekaterina Yu. , Teplyakova Kseniya S.
Published: March 2022

Cylindroma is a rare benign tumor derived from the skin appendages, its typical localization is head and neck. The histogenesis of the disease is unknown, cylindromas are thought to develop from the epithelial ducts of the eccrine or apocrine glands, or represent a neoplastic proliferation of epithelial stem cells.
The clinical presentation of the disease includes single or multiple smooth nodules and nodes of a pale pink color. Branching vessels are often visualized on their surface.
There are two types of this tumor: sporadic genetically not determined сylindroma and inherited in an autosomal dominant manner multiple сylindroma.
Multiple cylindroma may cause a lesion on the scalp that looks like a turban, due to the fusion and an increasing size of the nodules. Therefore, cylindroma are sometimes called a turban tumor.
The treatment of multiple cylindroma is a serious interdisciplinary problem due to the large area of the lesion, abundant blood supply to the scalp and the tendency of the disease to recur. The treatment methods described in the literature include traditional surgical excision, electrocoagulation, laser, Mohs micrographic surgery.
In this article we present a rare clinical case of a young male diagnosed with multiple cylindroma.
Photogallery. Erythema
Authors: Teplyuk Natalia P. , Lepekhova Anfisa A.
Published: March 2022

Erythema is a disease characterized by the appearance of erythematous lesions on the skin caused by various factors. There is no generally accepted classification of erythema. Depending on the cause, there are erythema arising from exposure to exogenous factors (mechanical, biological, radiation and temperature), infections (viruses and bacteria), inflammation. Erythema can be part of a symptom complex or represent a separate nosology.

We publish a photo gallery dedicated to this issue.
Chronicles of A.I. Pospelov Moscow Society of Dermatovenerologists and Cosmetologists (MSDC was founded on October 4, 1891). Bulletin of the conference of the MSDC, dedicated to the 130th anniversary of the creation of the Moscow Society of Dermatovenereologists named after A.I. Pospelova
Authors: Yakovlev Alexey B.
Published: March 2022

On October 14, 2021, a conference was held in Moscow dedicated to the 130th anniversary of the founding of the Moscow Society of Dermatovenereologists and Cosmetologists named after A.I. Pospelova (MSDC).
Probable treatment options for Covid-19: A brief review
Authors: Kulkarni Preeti D , Nair Sainath M , Kadam Suraksha C , Jankar Yogesh A , Derashri Anuradha , Badadhe Sandip G , Ghante Minal R
Published: March 2022

Over the last few decades, we have observed several global outbreaks of severe respiratory infections. The current outbreak is novel severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It is a rapidly spreading disease affecting millions of people worldwide as well as birds and mammals also. It predominantly caused respiratory tract and gastrointestinal tract symptoms and other mild to very severe clinical signs. Among the countries most affected by the disease are the United States of America (USA), India, Brazil, Russia and France with recording the highest infection, morbidity, and mortality rates. Since early January 2021 many articles have been published on COVID-19. Most of these articles were consistent with the reports on the mode of transmission, spread, duration, and severity of the sickness. This worldwide pandemic has put a challenge to identify the therapeutics for its prevention and treatment. Currently, there’s no specific treatment against the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Based on the different clinical phases and pathological features the various drugs are used to treat. The volume and the pace of the clinical trials launched to evaluate the safety and efficacy of numerous agents reflect the need for high-quality evidence for various therapies to be practiced by clinicians. Thus, this review comprehensively discusses the most critical aspects and overall treatments used for COVID 19, including ayurvedic treatments and vaccines.
Evaluation of phytochemicals, antioxidant property and effects ofcultivated at foothill area of Uttarakhand on hyperglycemic rats
Authors: Meena Harsahay , Ballabh Basant , Arya Swati , Bala Madhu
Published: March 2022

Cichorium (C.) intybus is an important medicinal herb has been used in Ayurveda, Unani and Siddha System of Medicine for treatment of liver, stomach, kidney and skin diseases. It is also used as blood purifier, antipyretic and antibacterial. Free radicals or highly reactive oxygen species are capable of inducing various degenerative diseases through oxidative damage to cells/organs in human being. The study was aim to determinate the phytochemical characterization and evaluates the antioxidant property and effects of cultivated in foothill area of Uttarakhand on hyperglycemic rats. The antioxidants compounds of the were also determined. Leaves and roots of Kasni plant are rich in phytochemicals and antioxidant compounds, but significant (P<0.05) difference in phytochemicals and antioxidant property were observed between two parts leaves and roots of the plants. The leaf extract of the plant was also exhibited significantly (P<0.05) effects on hyperglycemic rats. Hence, both parts leaf and root of chicory plant can be used in prevention and treatment of hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and maintaining normal blood biochemical parameters as well as in reduction of oxidative stress in human being.
Acute ischemic stroke thrombolysis- experience from a rural hospital in Kerala, India
Authors: Sanjeev V K , Thomas Ancil George
Published: March 2022

Outcome assessment of thrombolysis with intravenous rt-PA in acute ischemic stroke.

All patients with acute ischemic stroke patients who underwent IV thrombolysis with rt-PA from January 2019 to December 2021 were studied retrospectively. Clinical efficacy outcome was the favourable outcome on modified Rankin scale at 90 days defined as a score of ≤2.

During our study period, a total of 50 patients with ischemic stroke thrombolysis underwent intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt‑PA). The study consisted of 33 males and 17 females with a mean age of 64.82 ( 12.21 standard deviation) years. The median time from onset of symptoms to IV rt-PA administration was 120 minutes (interquartile range 90 - 160). The mean door to needle time was 50.1 ( 21.32 SD) minutes. Favourable outcome (mRS score ≤2) was observed in 38 patients (76%) at three months’ follow-up. Poor outcome (mRS score >2) was seen in the remaining 12 patients (24%).Large artery atherosclerosis had the most favourable outcome followed by small vessel occlusive stroke. Factors predicting favourable outcome in our study were age <60 years (p = 0.03), female gender (p < 0.001) and large vessel occlusion (p < 0.001). Factors predicting poor outcome were hypertension (p < 0.001), dyslipidemia (p = 0.01), prior stroke (p < 0.001) and symptomatic haemorrhage (p = 0.02).

Ischemic stroke patients can be thrombolysed in a safe and effective even in rural settings if proper institutional protocol is formulated and its implementation is ensured.
Neural instability and delicacy while the electro-encephalography indicator of epileptic seizure (e-seizure) on set zone
Authors: Raju V Rama
Published: March 2022

More than 15 million seizure-epileptic subjects (patients) do not respond to medication globally. Surgery necessitates thorough elimination or separation of the epileptic-seizure onset zone (ESoZ), regions of epileptic brains where seizures derive (come from). Sadly, the success rates of operation differ amongst 32% and 72% and this is due to clinically and hence prognostically no authenticated or substantiated (i.e., corroborated) biological or physiological indicator of the ESoZ exists. We discuss, as well as confirm a new electro encephalography indication neural vulnerability in a retroactive study of 90 subjects (patients) by applying neural instability of the interpreted ESoZ as a metrical to expect operational (invasive) results in retrospect (retrospectively). Susceptibility expects (43/47) surgical (invasive)-failures, as well as a total likelihood precision of 76% assessed through the precision of neuroscientists at 48% (positive-results).
Malaria and channelopathy- recurrent hypokalaemia - A case report
Authors: Khicher Shubhakaran
Published: March 2022

Malaria is associated with various forms of neurological complications. Weakness like paraparesis and quadriparesis is being described in malaria, the pathologies being polyneuropathy, hypokalaemia, hyperkalaemia, myelitis etc. Recurrent hypokalaemic paralysis has not been described to the best of my knowledge in malaria. I hereby describe a young patient with recurrent episodes of weakness due to hypokalaemia who on investigation was found to be because of malaria. The case report is being described because of it is being novel or not described earlier.
Antenatelly detected hypothalamic hamartoma-A case report
Authors: Kesavan T.M Ananda , K K Neethu , A Rabiya
Published: March 2022

Hypothalamic hamartoma (HH) is a non-neoplastic malformationthat appears in the hypothalamus. It is congenital, and it grows as the child’s brain grows, but HH doesn’t spread to other parts of the brain or body. In 95% of cases, it is sporadic in origin. HH present with diverse neurologic, endocrinologic, cognitive, behavioraland psychiatric comorbidities. Irrespective of their large size of this intracranial tumor, some of them may be asymptomatic also. Very rarely they may be detected during routine antenatal checkup.
Self-Determination in Indigenous Online Education
Authors: Madland Colin , Restoule Jean-Paul
Published: March 2022

There is a pressing need, as outlined in the recommendations of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada, to promote success for Indigenous learners in higher education. One pathway towards greater participation and success may be to empower Indigenous learners to engage with open source digital tools and platforms that promote digital self-determination. This review of the literature will explore the concept of digital self-determination through examples of Indigenous communities claiming control over the infrastructure that serves their homes.
Community Social Capital, Family Support, Confucian Pro-Setback Coping and Geriatric Depression: Evidence from China
Authors: Qiao Yajun , Li Zhong Wu
Published: March 2022

It is important to explore the factors influencing geriatric depression in the context of aging. This research aimed to investigate the association between community social capital and depressive symptoms among the urban elderly in China, and the mediating role of family support and Confucian pro-setback coping in the impact of community social capital on geriatric depression. Data were collected via a community survey targeting 300 adults aged 60 and above living in urban communities in Chengdu, China, in 2021. SPSS and a structural equation model were used for the analysis of data and test the proposed hypothesis. The findings showed that civic participation and social cohesion were significantly related to geriatric depression. Family support and Confucian pro-setback coping played a mediating role or chain mediating role in the associations between civic participation and geriatric depression. This research has offered support for both direct and indirect effects of community social capital on geriatric depression. Promoting community-level civic participation and social cohesion, improving family support and Confucian pro-setback coping are seen to contribute positively to the management and intervention on geriatric depression.
Pharmacological and Non-Pharmacological Methods for Coping with Stress among Female Saudi University Undergraduates
Authors: El-Sheikh Azza A.‎K. , AlRadini Faten A , Algahtani Nouf T , Alqarni Razan T , Almalki Ahad M , Alghamdi Ghadeer M , Alshalwi Norah D , Alkhayal Shaden M.
Published: March 2022

Exposure to stress among undergraduate university students, without enough coping methodologies might lead to deterioration in academic level and psychiatric complications. The current study aimed at evaluating the stress prevalence among the undergraduates of Princess Nourah University (PNU), assessing their level of awareness of symptoms indicating stress, and comparing the pharmacological coping methods with the non-pharmacological methods in terms of effectiveness in reducing stress. For this, a questionnaire was developed in Arabic, based on the Four-Dimensional Symptom Questionnaire (4DSQ) as a reference, measuring the prevalence of distress, depression, anxiety or somatization. In addition, various strategies of stress management were assessed. The response rate among the study subject was 97.7% (n=510). The prevalence of self-perception of being stressed was significantly higher in health colleges compared to non-health colleges. A significant number of the participants diagnosed as having somatization, anxiety, depression or distress were aware of the problem and have stress self-perception (P<0.001). Different chronic co-morbidities were correlated with stress self-perception, where diabetes had the highest significant effect. Alarmingly, the method most significantly used to cope with stress was taking medications. In conclusion, the prevalence of stress was high, especially among health colleges’ undergraduates. Most participants with stress self-perception used medications to cope with their stress. It is, thus, recommended that campaigns should be held among university students for raising the awareness of the dangers of persistent stress and the hazards of self-medication to cope with stress.
A New Concept of Water use Efficiency: A Case Study for Irrigation Schemes in Buyuk Menderes Basin
Authors: Koc Cengiz
Published: March 2022

Classical water use efficiency concepts are appropriate tools for irrigation design and irrigation management, however, it is not sufficiently suitable for water allocation and transfer policies. In order to overcome the limitations of classical water use efficiency, a new concept called efficient water use efficiency in decision making for water resources is proposed. Effective water use efficiency takes into account the quantity and quality of water distributed in a basin and returning to the water source when the inflow for each usage cycle is estimated. In this study, the efficiencies of irrigation water used during the 2019 irrigation season at Nazilli, Akçay, Aydın and Söke irrigation schemes in the Büyük Menderes basin were calculated, and compared to the classical project, the developed classical, and effective water use efficiency methods. In the analyzed irrigation schemes, classical efficiency was between 43-61%, developed classical efficiency 47-67% and effective efficiency 67-86%.