bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DIGITAL DIPLOMACY IS A STRATEGIC DIRECTION OF PUBLIC DIPLOMACY
Authors:   Alfred Nobel University, Palieieva Yuliia S. , Todoroshko Tetiana A. ,   Alfred Nobel University
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of the introduction of digital diplomacy. This is a strategic direction of public diplomacy. It involves the use of digital technologies and platforms. To protect the country's national interests. It is noted that modern society is undergoing large-scale changes due to the development of information technologies. The ability to effectively respond to changes determines the future prosperity of the country. The author notes that the use of information technologies in the field of public diplomacy is becoming a modern trend. Foreign scientists state that the "era of digital foreign policy" has arrived. The concept of "digital diplomacy" or "electronic diplomacy" has been introduced into modern scientific circulation. It is defined as the use of the Internet for new information and communication technologies to achieve diplomatic goals. Attention is focused on the fact that the latest trends in the development of public diplomacy of Ukraine are defined in the Public Diplomacy Strategy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine for 2021-2025. Due to the integration course of Ukraine's foreign policy, as well as Ukraine's acquisition of the status of an official candidate for accession to the European Union, close coordination and cooperation in the field of public diplomacy with the institutions of the European Union are important for our country. And the study of methodological approaches to building a system of digital diplomacy in the EU. We are talking about important documents adopted by the EU: "EU Digital Diplomacy", "Council Conclusions on Strengthening EU Digital Diplomacy in Complex Geopolitical Conditions". The article states that the Council aims to create a comprehensive and coordinated approach to EU digital diplomacy to protect human rights, democratic principles and the EU's strategic autonomy in the digital sphere. The conclusions highlight the need for stronger, more strategic, coherent and effective EU policies and actions in global digital affairs.
Re: Re: Teleology and the Meaning of Life
Authors: Kiritani Osamu
Published: February 2024

Some remarks are made on a previous paper “Re: Teleology and the Meaning of Life” (https://doi.org/10.32388/1LT25R.3).
Influence of nitrogen fertilizers and reserves of soil mobile phosphorus on soybean productivity in the conditions of the forest-steppe of the Southern Trans-Urals
Authors: Yumashev Haris , ZAHAROVA Irina , Kramarenko Vladimir
Published: February 2024

Abstract. The purpose is to study the effect of nitrogen fertilizers on the yield and quality of soybean grain in the conditions of the forest-steppe of the Southern Trans-Urals. Methods. The object of the study is the early-ripening soybean variety Cheremshanka of the Omsk Agrarian Scientific Centre zoned in the Ural region. The studies were carried out in a stationary experiment included in the register of long-term experiments of the Geonetwork of the Russian Federation. Soybean was cultivated in a grain-grass crop rotation, the predecessor was winter rye. Nitrogen fertilizers are spread into the soil for pre-sowing cultivation. Factorial scheme of experience – 0, N1, N2, N3, P1, P2, P3, all combinations (4 × 4). Doses of fertilizers in the crop rotation for soybeans and peas – N20–60. The effectiveness of nitrogen fertilizers was studied against the background of the aftereffect of phosphorus fertilizers. The spatial implementation of the scheme was carried out in two blocks. The repetition of the fields is fourfold. The total area of an elementary plot is 240 m2, the accounting area is 114 m2. The following methods were used in the studies: common humus according to Tyurin; the sum of absorbed bases according to Kappen – Gelkovitz; pH potentiometrically; mobile phosphorus and exchangeable potassium according to Chirikov; protein in grains of peas and soybeans according to Kjeldahl; fat by the Soxhlet method. Results. Studies have established that soybeans in crop rotation are not inferior to peas in terms of productivity, and due to the oil yield, the soybean rotation even surpasses the similar crop rotation with peas. The protein content in soybean seeds increases with an increase in the dose of nitrogen fertilizer, while the fat content decreases. Scientific novelty. The responsiveness of soybeans to the doses of nitrogen fertilizers against the background of different availability of mobile phosphorus in the soil in the conditions of the forest-steppe of the Southern Trans-Urals was revealed.
Patients’ preferences, feelings, and benefits on Music-Based Intervention: A Pilot Study in COVID-19 Hospitalization
Authors: Pesce Alessio , Lantieri Francesca
Published: February 2024

Introduction: COVID-19 patients survive in isolation with stringent measures of infection containment, leading to anxiety, fear, stress, loneliness, and depression. Music is recognized as useful to promote multiple health outcomes, including anxiolytic effects, pain-relieving, and relaxing effects that favour well-being and social interaction in healthcare settings. Objective: This study aimed to determine the impact of a pre-recorded music-based intervention on the music perception in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Music appreciation, evoked emotions, and self-reported effects were explored and compared before and after music-based intervention, also considering the gender of the patients. Methods: This prospective study consisted of a pre-recorded music-based intervention administered to 272 patients hospitalized for COVID-19 by piping the music into rooms of inpatient medical area. Pre-recorded musical pieces of were selected by a music therapist considering specific formal and parametric characteristics, with the purposes of distraction, entertainment, relaxation, and emotional support. The patients’ opinions were collected using an ad hoc self-report questionnaire and a short data survey that followed the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) guidelines. Results: Music resulted to be the preferred entertainment activity during hospitalization by 84.6% of patients, with 96.6% of them expecting a positive effect and a very high grade of usefulness attributed to music before hospitalization and even higher afterwards. The music intervention significantly changed the patients’ perception of music from everyday life to hospitalization (p<0.0001). It proved successful in evoking pleasure and fun, which raised from 18.4% of everyday life to 41.1% during hospitalization. The usefulness of listening music to alleviate unpleasant feelings including anxiety, fear, loneliness, and low mood in COVID-19 disease, had a significant increase from 22.5% to 60.0% after the music intervention. Conclusion: Music-based intervention, directed according to reference frameworks, provides self-reported social and emotional support in hospitalized patients for COVID-19.
Theoretical study of the working body of a centrifugal type mixing plant
Authors: Teterin V. S. , Panfеrov N. S. , Pehnov S. A. , Pestryakov E. V. , Ovchinnikov A. Yu.
Published: February 2024

Relevance. The use of fertilizers in the agro-industrial complex is an important means to ensure sustainable development, food and environmental security. The scientific application of various types of fertilizers can reduce the negative impact on natural ecosystems, as well as optimize the use of resources and take into account the individual needs of each plant. Due to the balanced composition and biological modification by chelate complexes, fertilizer mixture has increased biological efficiency and stimulate plant growth. At the same time, there is an urgent task of obtaining mixtures that have a high degree of uniformity. In this connection, the requirements for the mixing equipment are very high, since the structural and kinematic parameters are the most important factors affecting the stability of the mixing process and the uniformity of the final mixture.

Methods. Based on the analysis of existing mixing plants, the authors proposed the concept of a centrifugal type mixing plant with a working body in the form of a conical surface. In the course of the research, the processes occurring during the operation of the working body, the proposed centrifugal mixer, were studied using methods of mathematical analysis, graphical and mathematical modelling.

Results. As a result of the research, it was found that the greatest influence on the change in the absolute velocity of the granules is exerted by the circumferential velocity of the granules, which is largely determined by the rotation frequency and parameters of the conical surface. In turn, it was found that over time, the angle between the direction of the absolute velocity of the fertilizer granules and the forming conical surface tends to the direction of the circumferential velocity, while with increasing rotation frequency, this indicator changes more rapidly.
Evaluation of effectiveness and optimisation of the process of fermentation of oat drink with lactic acid microorganisms
Authors: Popova N. V. , Kalinina I. V. , Vasiliev A. K. , Kameneva K. S.
Published: February 2024

Relevance. The development of lactose-free probiotic products has recently attracted the attention of many scientists. Such products are especially interesting for people with individual characteristics of the body, in particular intolerance to the chemical components of milk, or their own food preferences. As a food system for obtaining a probiotic product, plant-based drinks are increasingly being used: oatmeal, rice, soy almond and others. Plant-based drinks provide a range of nutrients, and fermentation processes using lactic acid microorganisms can enrich them with functional ingredients such as probiotics.

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the possibility of fermentation of oatmeal drink by strains of probiotic lactic acid microorganisms and to search for optimal modes of this process.

Methods. Fermentation of a non-alcoholic beverage from vegetable raw materials “Oat milk” was carried out using a starter culture Danisco Choozit MA 11 25 DCU, including Lactococcus lactis subsp. Lactis, Lactococcus lactis subsp. Cremoris. The efficiency of the process was assessed by the accumulation of biomass, titratable and active acidity, lactic acid accumulation, and the most likely number of probiotic microorganisms. Additionally, the influence of the functional component — routine — on the activity of changes in these indicators was assessed.

Results. The possibility of adaptation of lactic acid bacteria in the plant environment of an oat drink was established, the addition of rutin contributed to the activation of the fermentation process. The increase in the biomass of lactic acid bacteria without the introduction of rutin was 150%, and when applied — 230%. The variation of the temperature factor during fermentation of the drink for 12–20 hours allowed us to establish the optimum for the accumulation of lactic acid — 16 hours at a temperature of 34.7 °C. The number of probiotic microorganisms in the finished drink was 3.8–5.2 × 107, which makes it possible to classify drinks as functional products with probiotics. Thus, the research results confirm the possibility of using an oat-based vegetable drink for fermentation by lactic acid bacteria Lactococcus lactis subsp. Lactis, Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris. The research was carried out with the financial support of a grant from the Russian Science Foundation (RGNF) within the framework of the project 23-26-10063.
Variability of metabolic markers in the blood of dairy goats with different dynamics of milk yield in the first half of lactation
Authors: Leibova V. B. , Pozovnikova M. V.
Published: February 2024

Relevance. The aim of the study was to study the biochemical profile of blood in the first three months after lambing in first-year goats with different dynamics of milk yield in the first half of lactation.

Methods. The work was carried out on a farm with intensive technology for keeping goats of the Zaanen breed (Leningrad region). Blood sampling was carried out in the spring and summer period: on the 20th– 30th day, 50–60 days and 80–90 days after lambing. The concentration of total protein, albumin, urea, creatinine, glucose, total cholesterol, and triglycerides was determined in the blood serum. To analyze the biochemical profile of the blood at the end of the 4th month of lactation, the goats were divided into two groups. Group I (n = 9) included animals that reached maximum milk yield in the 2nd month of lactation, group II (n = 8) included individuals with peak milk yield in the 3rd month of lactation. Milk yield for the first three months after lambing did not differ between the groups.

Results. At the 4th month of lactation, milk yield was 22.3% higher in group II (pAdjusted < 0.05). Two of the seven biochemical blood parameters showed a difference: in group I, the blood glucose concentration on the 50–60 days after lambing was 7.7% lower (pAdjusted < 0.05), and the serum creatinine content on the 80–90 days was 10.1% higher (pAdjusted < 0.01) compared with group II. These differences may be due to the peculiarities of adaptation to metabolic load in first-year goats with different time periods from lambing to reaching maximum milk yield.
Influence of ultrafine particles of copper and iron on the intestinal microbiocenosis of broiler chicken
Authors: Kvan O. V. , Sizova E. A. , Vershinina I. A.
Published: February 2024

Relevance. Studying the bacterial diversity of the intestine under the influence of various factors makes it possible to study changes in the qualitative and quantitative composition under the influence of various factors.

Methods. In our work, we studied the bacterial profile of samples of the contents of the cecum of broiler chickens. To assess the effect of ultrafine particles of Cu and Fe on the metabolism in the body of animals fed a semi-synthetic diet, 120 heads of one-week-old broiler chickens were selected, which were divided into 4 groups (n = 30) using the analog pair method. During the experiment, all birds were under the same housing and feeding conditions. The duration of the experiment was 28 days. To solve the problems, broiler chickens were used, which were supplemented with ultrafine Cu and Fe particles in their diet in order to study their effect on the microbiocenosis of the poultry digestive system. Using the analogue pair method, four groups of 30 broiler chickens each at the age of 7 days were formed. During the study, housing and feeding conditions were identical for all groups. The study was conducted over 4 weeks. For feeding, we prepared a semi-synthetic diet (K1) and a semi-synthetic diet, deficient in microelements, modified by us (K2).

Results. The use of ultrafine copper and iron particles has been shown to alter the intestinal bacterial community of broiler chickens. Thus, based on the data, we can conclude that obligate bacteria in the cecum of birds can modulate the level of accumulation of chemical elements in the bird’s body when various substances are introduced. According to the data obtained, ultrafine iron particles made it possible to maintain the normal diversity of the digestive microbiota of poultry, which was expressed, among other things, in a decrease in the number of representatives of the Enterobacteriaceae family, which includes representatives of pathogenic and opportunistic taxa, while the introduction of ultrafine copper particles contributed to an increase in the number of representatives of this family.
Meat qualities of crossbred young pigs
Authors: Belookov A. A. , Rebezov M. B. , Stvolov S. S.
Published: February 2024

Relevance.Interbreeding and hybridization are important factors in increasing pig productivity. As a result of the heterosis effect, the multiplicity of sows increases, the safety of offspring increases, the growth rate of young animals improves, the quality of meat improves and, as a result, the profitability of the pig industry increases.

The paper presents an assessment of the meat qualities of local young pigs obtained as a result of industrial three-breed crossing.

Methods.To implement the scientific and economic experience, three groups of sows of pairs of analogues of a large white breed from the Hypor company (KB Hypor) were formed. Sows of the 1st group were crossed with boars of the Landrace breed from the PIC company (Landrace Pic), the 2nd — with boars of the Landrace breed from the Genesus Genetics company (Landrace Genesus), the 3rd — with boars of the Landrace breed from the Hypor company (Landrace Hypor). As a result, two-breed crossbreeds (F1) were obtained. Next, crossbred sows (F1) of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd experimental groups were crossed with boars of the Duroc breed from Genesus Genetics, as a result, commercial young (F2) were obtained.

Results.According to the research results, it was found that the highest pre-slaughter live weight was obtained from animals of the 1st group (125.12 kg), which is more than in the 2nd and 3rd experimental groups, respectively, by 5.8% and 4.0%. Studies of the chemical composition of the longest back muscle of young pigs showed that the protein content in all meat samples was in the range of 23–24% with a minimum value (23.31%) in the muscle tissue of animals of the 3rd experimental group, and the maximum (23.7%) in the 1st experimental group (the difference was 0.39%). The amount of intramuscular fat in the meat of animals of the 1st (5.57%) and 2nd (6.30%) groups was significantly higher by 1.23% and 1.96%, respectively, compared with analogues of the 3rd group. The minimum pH level of meat was noted in the 1st experimental group (5.51 pH units), the maximum — in the 2nd experimental group (5.56 pH units), the difference was 0.05 pH units. The largest mass fraction of collagen (1.11%) was obtained in the 3rd group, the smallest — in the 1st experimental group (0.66%), the difference was 0.45%.
The influence of individual elements of agricultural technology on the productivity of durum wheat in the southern forest-steppe of the Omsk region
Authors: Frizen Yu. V. , Nekrasova E. V. , Gaivas A. A.
Published: February 2024

Relevance. For the manufacture of high-quality pasta, durum wheat grain is used. Improving the productivity of hard spring wheat is an urgent task. The formation of a powerful root system is the key to the full supply of nutrients and plastic substances to the plant. Increased productivity, the number of spikebearing shoots. Plants become more resistant to adverse environmental factors, which is important for spring durum wheat, which is more demanding than spring soft wheat. The timing of sowing and especially the application of mineral fertilizers are a significant factor affecting not only the formation of individual elements of the crop structure, which subsequently form the productivity of plants, but also the formation of the root system. To do this, it is necessary to choose the optimal sowing time, at which the critical phases of plant development fall under the most favorable agrometeorological conditions and the formation of the most powerful root system.

Results. The conducted studies allow us to recommend the most optimal terms of sowing and the use of fertilizers to ensure the efficiency of growing durum spring wheat. In dry conditions, when sowing crops without applying fertilizers, sowing in the second ten days of May is most effective. If it is possible to apply nitrogen fertilizers and nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizers, it is better to sow durum spring wheat in the second and third decades of May.
Features of the formation of yield and quality of durum spring wheat in the conditions of the Chuvash Republic
Authors: Lozhkin A. G. , Vasiliev O. A. , Dimitriev V. L. , Kayukova O. V. , Yakovleva M. I.
Published: February 2024

Relevance. The main areas of durum wheat cultivation are located in the regions of the Lower and Middle Volga region, the southern Urals and the southern regions of Siberia. The Chuvash Republic is not a traditional region for the cultivation of spring durum wheat. The development of varietal technologies that take into account the adaptive potential of the crop, taking into account the soil and climatic conditions of the region, is especially relevant for expanding the area of cultivation of this crop.

Methods. To conduct research in the conditions of the Chuvash Republic, a single-factor experiment was carried out in six repetitions with five varieties of spring durum wheat: Bezenchukskaya 139, Bezenchukskaya zolotistaya, Luch 25, Kargala 223, Annushka. Records and observations were carried out according to the methods of state variety testing.

Results. The highest tillering indicators were noted in the standard variety, where the indicators of general and productive tillering were 1.8 and 1.7, respectively, and in the Luch 25 variety — 1.9 and 1.6 respectively. The largest number of productive stems for harvesting was formed by varieties of the Bezenchuk selection, the lowest indicator — 458 pcs. per 1 sq. m was shown by the Kargal variety 223. The best indicators of the yield structure on average for two years should be noted in the varieties Bezenchukskaya 139 and Bezenchukskaya zolotistaya. The lowest indicators on the structure of the crop are noted in the varieties Kargala 223 and Annushka. The most full-weight grain on average for two years was formed by the varieties Luch 25, where the mass of 1000 grains was 42.9 g, Annushka — 42.4 g, Bezenchukskaya zolotistaya — 40.9 g. The highest yield was provided by the varieties Bezenchukskaya (139–3.41 t/ha) and Bezenchukskaya zolotistaya (3.19 t/ha).
US efforts to evacuate its citizens from Europe During World War II 1939-1944 (documentary study
Authors: Almansory Asst Professor. Muntaha Sabri Maula
Published: February 2024

With the emergence of signs of the outbreak of World War II, the United States of America began a policy to warn its citizens against the expansion of that war throughout Europe, especially in Britain and France, the two countries in which American nationals are most present, as well as being the two countries most exposed to war by Germany, so the US government was At first, a warning policy, but with the development of events in 1939, it issued the March statement, which included the conditions for evacuating nationals from European countries months before the outbreak of the war, and stipulated the terms of transportation from European countries to the United States of America. The United States was distinguished in its evacuation policy, after issuing a statement Issuing the March 1939 statement, US President Roosevelt took an appeal to Germany and Italy via oral messages through conferences he held in his country with the aim of conveying his country’s voice to the warring countries to end that war before it expanded. From Europe, and in fact, the years 1939-1941 witnessed extensive measures to facilitate the transfer of nationals With the entry of the United States into the war on the side of the Allies, it adopted a strict policy towards Germany and Italy, which refused to facilitate the task of transferring their nationals from the occupied lands and detained them. Therefore, the American government rushed to block the German and Italian nationals present on its lands until the task of transferring its nationals was facilitated by the German and Italian governments.

The Swiss government made these cases follow up on behalf of the US government, which withdrew its ambassadors from Europe because of the war, and as soon as the war ended, the United States had transferred most of its citizens except for those who refused to return to the country.
Microstates in the African Continent: A Vision in Political Geography
Authors: Kadhim Dr. Ammar Shareef
Published: February 2024

This study will address the issue of small states that have gained significant international importance, especially in the latter half of the past century and up to the present time. This importance is due to various political events that have had repercussions on the division of states, leading to the emergence of small states, known as "Microstates," under the guardianship of international law and organizations, primarily the United Nations.
Microstates in the African continent can be classified based on their geographical location as landlocked, coastal, or island nations. This unique geographical diversity gives these small states distinct characteristics in terms of their size and resources. Small states in the world vary in terms of size and territory, and many geographers have studied the geographic aspects of small states, categorizing them into several classifications.
One such classification, introduced by the researcher "Paunds," divides small states into three categories: small, very small, and microstates/dwarf states.
The Police in the Basra Province 1869-1921
Authors: Farhood Dr Hamidah Maki
Published: February 2024

The Ottoman provinces were divided militarily since the early nineteenth century into seven regions, each with a complete regular army of infantry, cavalry and artillery. As for the police, this device was established under a regulation issued by the High Gate in 1845. However, this security device was unable to perform the tasks entrusted to it due to its weakness, the small number of its members, and the rampant corruption in its structure. Despite all the efforts made by the Ottoman governors to improve this device, it remained suffering from poor management and equipment until the collapse of the Ottoman state. After the occupation of Iraq by the British forces, attention was paid to the police, its formations, equipment, and increasing the number of its members, in order to carry out the tasks that fall on its responsibility as a security device to protect the security of the occupied cities and the roads of movement of those forces and their supplies. The Indian model was followed in the beginning of the formation of this device, where police officers were brought from India and Aden when Basra, Amara and Nasiriyah were occupied. Then the local police (Shabana) were recruited in the villages and remote areas and they were from the Arab population. The affairs of this force were gradually organized, as the correct foundations were laid for it, which became the edifice on which the police forces relied later. This force was initially managed by the British officers, headed by Colonel (Brixot), the Inspector General of Police.
The linguistic approach of Abu Al-Hasan Al-Mawardi in his interpretation (Al-Nukat wa Al-Ayun).
Authors: Samaah Ass Prof. Abdul Zahra Kazem
Published: February 2024

We dealt in this modest research (the linguistic approach of Abu al-Hasan al-Mawardi in his interpretation: the points and eyes), and the aim of this research is to answer several questions, which are: What is meant by al-Mawardi's approach in language? And what are the methods that he adopted in order to reach the intended meaning of the verse? And what are the sources that he referred to, and benefited from, and how did he deal with them? And we followed in this research the descriptive approach, and the study concluded with several results, one of the most important of which is: that al-Mawardi presented the opinions of linguists and interpreters of different schools of Basra, Kufa and Baghdad in a comprehensive manner, and he weighs his opinion or extracts another opinion that he adds to the opinions that he presents according to the evidence that he adopted, and in most cases he expresses it by (a probable opinion), or (it is possible for me), in addition to that, his linguistic efforts for the words were characterized by objectivity and calm dialogue, as there is no touch of bias or slander in his interpretation of anyone, and for this he occupied a distinguished position among other books of interpretation.
The theory of governance at Qudama bin Jaafar d. 337 AH / 948 AD In his book Al-Kharj and the writing industry
Authors: Sadiq Ass.Prof Dr. Fadel Kadhim
Published: February 2024

The Muslims cared more than they cared for writing about the policy of managing the state and the system of governance required and the nature of the ruler and his moral qualities, and also how his assistants are from ministers and advisers and other employees, as well as the way the ruler reaches the seat of power. Many scholars of the Islamic nation at that time wrote about this, among them Qudamah bin Ja’far al-Baghdadi, who died in 337 AH / 948 AD, who devoted six chapters to talk about this topic in his book (The Tax and the Art of Writing) in the eighth (last) position, speaking in importance to the need of people to establish governance and what are the specifications of kings (rulers) and their responsibilities and how their relations with the people are. The research was divided into three topics: the first dealt with a brief biography of Qudamah bin Ja’far and his author (The Tax and the Art of Writing), and the second the human need for a system of governance, and the third in the morals of kings and the qualities of their employees from ministers and others from the royal court staff.
Disturbo da Gioco d'Azzardo: uno sguardo sui "nuovi" utenti
Authors: Rolando Sara , Ammesso Sonia , Arcidiacono Elvira , Calcagno Maddalena , Cuomo Gaia , Golasmici Stefano , Pimpini Monica , Pistuddi Annalisa , Sofia Patrizia , Durbano Federico
Published: February 2024

Lo studio qualitativo è stato condotto per approfondire, dando voce agli utenti in carico ai servizi dell'ASST Melegnano e della Martesana per disturbo da gioco d'azzardo, le esperienze e le opinioni di due target specifici – donne e giocatori online - che, pur rappresentando una minoranza, sembrano destinati a crescere numericamente. Sia l'azzardo al femminile che quello online presentano infatti caratteristiche specifiche, risultanti dall'intersezione di fattori socio-culturali, ambienti di gioco e infrastrutture tecniche. Il contributo offre dunque una sintesi delle conoscenze teoriche sui due temi, alla luce delle quali sono presentati e discussi i risultati di un focus group e alcune interviste individuali, evidenziando gli aspetti principali utili a costruire interventi capaci di rispondere ai bisogni specifici dei due target.
Il dialogo con il laboratorista tossicologo sulla valutazione e gestione dei casi borderline
Authors: Varango Concettina , Cerutti Lorenzo , Gavina Manuela
Published: February 2024

In recent years, addiction specialists have been increasingly urged to try their hand at a world characterized by increasingly varied and different substances which represent a challenge for the clinic and for the formulation of a careful diagnosis. In recent years, the intake of new psychoactive substances such as synthetic cannabinoids, cathinones, MDPV (methylenedioxypyrovalerone) has become widespread, which can be associated with a dangerous sexual practice known as chemsex, especially present in cities with a high population density. At the Ser. The collaboration between the SMEL Clinical Chemical Analysis and Microbiology Laboratory of the Lodi Hospital and the Ser.D. has continued for more than two years, having implemented the protocol for the search for substances of abuse both on urinary toxicological tests and on the matrix keratin in the monitoring of drug addiction.
Biologging for the future: how biologgers can help solve fundamental questions, from individuals to ecosystems
Authors: Beltran Roxanne , Kilpatrick A. Marm , Picardi Simona , Abrahms Briana , Barrile Gabriel , Oestreich William , Smith Justine , Czapanskiy Max , Favilla Arina , Reisinger Ryan , Kendall-Bar Jessica , Payne Allison , Savoca Matthew , Palance Danial , Andrzejaczek Samantha , Shen Daphne , Adachi Taiki , Costa Daniel , Storm Natalie , Hale Conner , Robinson Patrick
Published: February 2024

Archival instruments attached to animals (biologgers) have enabled exciting discoveries and have promoted effective conservation and management for decades. Recent research indicates that the field of biologging is poised to shift from pattern description to process explanation. Here we describe how biologgers have been - and can be - used to test hypotheses and challenge theory in behavior and ecology through three case studies and many short examples. These examples, spanning predator-prey interactions, state-dependent risk-taking, resource tracking, and collective movement decisions, show how biologging can resolve long-standing mysteries if research is designed with a solid conceptual foundation. The next phase of biologging science will require scaling studies from individuals to populations and possibly to ecosystems. It will also benefit from building equitable international and interdisciplinary partnerships, bridging the terrestrial-marine divide, and addressing ethical conundrums including animal handling and open science practices. Doing so will help cement biologging as an indispensable tool for producing generalizable knowledge about how organisms and ecosystems function.
Satellite derived trait data slightly improves tropical forest biomass, NPP and GPP predictions
Authors: Doughty Christopher , Gaillard Camille , Burns Patrick , Malhi Yadvinder , Minor David , Shenkin Alexander , Aguirre-Gutierrez Jesus , Duncanson Laura , Goetz Scott , tang hao
Published: February 2024

Improving tropical forest biomass predictions can accurately value tropical forests for their ecosystem services and establish confidence in carbon trading schemes such as REDD+. Optical remote sensing estimates of tropical forest biomass have produced spatially contradictory results that differ from ground plot biomass data. Recently, the Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) lidar was activated on the international space station (ISS) to improve biomass predictions by providing detailed 3D forest structure and height data. However, there is still debate on how best to predict tropical forest biomass using GEDI data. Here we compare GEDI predicted biomass to 2,102 tropical forest biomass plots and find that adding a remotely sensed (RS) trait map of LMA (Leaf Mass per Area) significantly (P<0.001) improves field biomass predictions, but by only a small amount (r2=0.01). However, it may also help reduce the bias of the residuals because, for instance, there was a negative relationship between both LMA (r2 of 0.34) and % P (r2=0.31) and residuals. This improvement in predictability corresponds with measurements from 523 individual trees where LMA predicts Diameter at Breast height (DBH) (the critical measurement underlying plot biomass) with an r2=0.04, and spectroscopy (400-1075 nm) predicts DBH with an r2=0.01. Adding environmental datasets may offer further improvements and max temperature (Tmax) predicts Amazonian biomass residuals with an r2 of 0.76 (N=66). Finally, for a network of net primary production (NPP) and gross primary production (GPP) plots (N=21), RS traits are better at predicting fluxes than structure variables like tree height or Height Of Median Energy (HOME). Overall, trait maps, especially future improved ones produced by surface biology geology (SBG), may improve biomass and carbon flux predictions by a small but significant amount.
Exploring the Relationship between Media and Culture: A Cultural Studies Perspective
Authors: Bennis Mohammed , Ghourdou Tayeb
Published: February 2024

This paper attempts to explore the multiple layers that intervene in the relationship between media and culture. The authors argue that media products and messages have always been constructed to either serve the dominant elite’s ideology, gain public consent, or consolidate racial and gender stereotypes. Media forms, types and genres are cultural filters or ideological paradigms targetting the audiences’ Hedonist propensity for visual pleasure. In his book Media Culture, Douglas Kellner (1995) highlights the sinuous relationship between media and culture by stating that media culture has emerged whereby sounds and spectacles help produce the fabric of everyday life and help shape political views and social behavior. When we look at media from a cultural studies perspective, we become conscious of its sweeping impact on people’s political views and identity. Noam Chomsky (1988) argues that media “manufactures consent”, therefore confirming the manipulative facet of media culture through his five filters: ownership, advertising, media elite, flak and common enemy. With the increasing normalization of digital technology, “techno-culture” has taken on a more incisive turn by driving people to keep swinging between online and offline cultures. Through virtual and immersive actions, new cultural forms have been invented, namely e-society, cyber communities and cultural identities. Hence, by adopting a cultural studies perspective, this paper attempts to provide a theoretical framework for media culture by exploring the concepts of “techno-culture”, Chomsky’s and Herman’s five filters, and cyberculture.
Image Denoising Techniques Using Unsupervised Machine Learning and Deep Learning Algorithms: A Review
Authors: Ferzo Barwar , Abdulazeez Adnan Mohsin
Published: February 2024

The continuous evolution of imaging technologies has accentuated the demand for robust and efficient image denoising techniques. Unsupervised machine learning algorithms have emerged as promising tools for addressing this challenge. This review scrutinizes the efficacy, versatility, and limitations of various unsupervised machine learning approaches in the area of image denoising. The paper commences with a clarification of the foundational concepts of image denoising and the pivotal role unsupervised machine learning plays in enhancing its efficacy. Traditional denoising methods, encompassing filters and transforms, are briefly outlined, highlighting their insufficiencies in handling complicated noise patterns prevalent in modern imaging systems. Subsequently, the review delves into an exploration of unsupervised machine learning techniques tailored for image denoising. This includes an in-depth analysis of methodologies such as clustering deep learning. Each technique is surveyed for its architectural variation, adaptability, and performance in denoising diverse image datasets. Additionally, the review encompasses an evaluation of prevalent metrics used for quantifying denoising performance, discussing their relevance and applicability across varying noise types and image characteristics. Furthermore, it delineates the challenges faced by unsupervised techniques in this domain and charts prospective avenues for future research, emphasizing the fusion of unsupervised methods with other learning paradigms for heightened denoising efficacy. This review merges empirical insights, critical analysis, and future perspectives, serving as a roadmap for researchers and practitioners navigating the landscape of image denoising through unsupervised machine learning methodologies.
Facial Beauty Prediction Based on Deep Learning: A Review
Authors: Arabo Wahab , Abdulazeez Adnan Mohsin
Published: February 2024

This review delves into Facial Beauty Prediction (FBP) using deep learning, specifically focusing on convolutional neural networks (CNNs). It synthesizes recent advancements in the field, examining diverse methodologies and key datasets like SCUT-FBP and SCUT-FBP5500. The review identifies trends in FBP research, including the evolution of deep learning models and the challenges of dataset biases and cultural specificity. The paper concludes by emphasizing the need for more inclusive and balanced datasets and suggests future research directions to enhance model fairness and address ethical implications.
Personal Hygiene Education melalui Pemberdayaan Kader Cilik untuk Mendukung Kesehatan Reproduksi Sejak Dini pada Anak Sekolah Dasar Depok Jawa Barat
Authors: Fithri Nayla Kamilia , Rosaline Mareta Dea , Anggraeni Diah Tika , Ramadhanti Ismaya , Arianti Anggrahita Dwi , Pambudi Muhammad Rayhan Mahardika
Published: February 2024

ABSTRAK  Personal hygiene kesehatan reproduksi pada remaja merupakan isu kritis sebagai deteminan status kesehatan remaja yang akan berpengaruh dalam kehidupan masa tua. Kurangnya pengetahuan terkait reproduksi dapat menjadi faktor risiko munculnya berbagai penyakit infeksi pada organ reproduksi, terutama pada saat remaja menaglamai masa pubertas. Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilakukan di SDN 2 Grogol Depok, dengan jumah peserta 44 siswa siswi dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman dalam menjaga organ reproduksinya untuk menghadapi masa pubertas. Metode yang digunakan adalah dengan cara ceramah, diskusi, dan praktik dengan media ppt, vidio animasi dan buku saku panduan personal higiene menstruasi pada anak usia sekolah. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam melakukan evaluasi kegiatan pengabdian adalah dengan pre-test dan post-test. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi pengetahuan didapatkan hasil bahwa terdapat peningkatan pemahaman siswa siswi terhadap kesehatan reproduksi setelah diberikan edukasi, dalam kegiatan ini juga dibentuk kader cilik kespro. Pihak sekolah diharapkan dapat mengaktifkan UKS dan juga pemberian edukasi terkait kespro yang rutin dengan bantuan institusi kesehatan setempat. Kata Kunci: Menstruasi, Kesehatan Reporoduksi Usia Dini, Personal Higiene  ABSTRACK Personal hygiene, and reproductive health in adolescents a critical issues as a determinant of adolescent health status which will influence their life in old age. Lack of knowledge regarding reproduction can be a risk factor for the emergence of various infectious diseases in the reproductive organs, especially when teenagers reach puberty. This service activity was carried out at SDN 2 Grogol Depok, with a total of 44 female students participating with the aim of increasing their understanding of maintaining their reproductive organs to face puberty. The method used is lectures, discussions, and practice using PowerPoint media, animated videos, and a pocketbook on personal menstrual hygiene for school-age children. The instruments used in evaluating service activities are pre-test and post-test. Based on the results of the knowledge evaluation, it was found that there was an increase in female students' understanding of reproductive health after being given education. In this activity, a female reproductive health cadre was also formed. The school is expected to be able to activate the UKS and also provide routine education related to reproductive health with the help of local health institutions. Keyword: Menstruation, Early Childhood Reproductive Health, Personal Hygiene
Peningkatan Kemampuan Masyarakat dalam Mengenal dan Memberikan Pertolongan Awal Pada Korban Tersedak
Authors: Karim Darwin , Dewi Wan Nishfa , Bayhakki Bayhakki , Erwin Erwin , Huda Nurul , Woferst Rismadefi , Azzahra Adila , Anjely Selly , Hunafa Zahra , Aswan Muhammad Farhan
Published: February 2024

ABSTRAK Kejadian tersedak termasuk dalam kegawatdaruratan yang harus mendapatkan penanganan segera dan apabila terjadi obstruksi atau sumbatan jalan napas maka dapat menyebabkan napas pendek (hipoventilasi), kekurangan oksigen (hipoksemia), peningkatan kerja pernapasan dan gangguan pertukaran gas berubah di paru-paru. Kondisi tersedak dapat dialami oleh siapapun, bisa pada dewasa maupun anak-anak. Oleh karena kasus tersedak dapat terjadi pada siapa saja maka kemampuan untuk memberikan bantuan dan pertolongan pada korban tersedak sebaiknya juga dipahami dan dikuasai oleh masyarakat termasuk keluarga. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pengetahuan dan pemahaman masyarakat untuk mengenal, mengidentifikasi dan mencegah serta dapat memberi pertolongan pertama pada korban tersedak. Kegiatan pengabdian dilakukan pada 28 orang peserta dengan metode penyuluhan kesehatan dan praktik keterampilan pertolongan bagi korban tersedak. Peserta mampu mengenal dan memahami tanda gejala tersedak serta dapat memperagakan prosedur pertolongan pertama pada korban tersedak dengan baik. Kegiatan pengabdian ini secara umum berhasil dengan baik. Tahap persiapan, pelaksanaan dan evaluasi telah dilakukan. Tim pengabdian telah melaksanakan kegiatan dengan metode ceramah, tanya jawab/diskusi, pre dan post test kuesioner, menggunakan alat bantu peraga dan orang untuk mendemonstrasikan prosedur pertolongan bagi korban tersedak. Kata Kunci: Tersedak, Pertolongan Pertama, Penyuluhan Kesehatan, Kegawatdaruratan  ABSTRACT Choking incidents are included in emergencies that must receive immediate treatment and if airway obstruction or obstruction occurs, it can cause shortness of breath (hypoventilation), lack of oxygen (hypoxemia), increased work of breathing and impaired gas exchange changes in the lungs. Choking conditions can be experienced by anyone, both adults and children. Because choking cases can happen to anyone, the ability to provide aid and assistance to choking victims should also be understood and mastered by the community, including the family. This activity aims to provide knowledge and understanding to the public to recognize, identify and prevent and provide first aid to choking victims. This activity was carried out on 28 participants using health education methods and practice of rescue skills for choking victims. Participants were able to recognize and understand the signs of choking and were able to demonstrate first aid procedures for choking victims well. This service activity was generally successful. The preparation, implementation and evaluation stages have been carried out. The service team has carried out activities using lecture methods, question and answer/discussion, pre and post test questionnaires, using props and people to demonstrate aid procedures for choking victims. Keywords: Choking, First Aid, Health Education, Emergencies
Edukasi Remaja Sadar Gizi di SMAIT Peradaban Al Izzah Kota Sorong
Authors: Rachmawati Yulia , Kartika Kiky
Published: February 2024

ABSTRAK Prevalensi status gizi remaja 16-18 tahun di Provinsi Papua Barat yaitu sangat kurus dan kurus 8,7%, gemuk dan obesitas 14,7%, serta sangat pendek dan pendek 35,2%. Masalah gizi tersebut tersebar di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Malaimsimsa Kota Sorong salah satunya di SMAIT Peradaban Al Izzah Kota Sorong. Kondisi ini terkait dengan asupan gizi tidak optimal dan masih terbatasnya kegiatan penanggulangan pada remaja. Kegiatan pengabdiaan kepada mayarakat bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman tentang gizi dan kesadaran untuk memantau berat badan serta status gizinya secara mandiri. Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat dilaksanakan melalui 2 tahap dalam bentuk penyuluhan dan praktik dengan melibatkan mitra sasaran secara aktif. Hasil evaluasi post-test I (skor 88,4) dan post-test II (skor 91,3) menunjukan peningkatan pengetahuan setelah dilakukan edukasi dibandingkan sebelumnya dilihat dari hasil pre-test (skor 72,6). Pemberian edukasi mampu menambah pegetahuan remaja tentang gizi. Media dibaca kembali ketika remaja pulang setelah diberikan penyuluhan berhasil meningkatkan lagi pengetahuan pada remaja. Kata Kunci: Edukasi, Remaja, Sadar Gizi, Pemantauan Berat Badan, Status Gizi  ABSTRACT The prevalence of nutritional status of adolescents 16-18 years old in West Papua Province is very thin and thin 8.7%, fat and obese 14.7%, and very short and short 35.2%. The nutritional problems are spread in the working area of Puskesmas Malaimsimsa Sorong City, one of which is at SMAIT Peradaban Al Izzah Sorong City. This condition is related to non-optimal nutritional intake and limited prevention activities for adolescents. Community service activities aim to increase understanding of nutrition and awareness to monitor body weight and nutritional status independently. Community service is carried out through 2 stages in the form of counseling and practice by actively involving target partners. The evaluation results of post-test I (score 88.4) and post-test II (score 91.3) showed an increase in knowledge after education compared to the pre-test results (score 72.6). Providing education can increase adolescents' knowledge about nutrition. Media read back when adolescents go home after being given counseling succeeded in increasing knowledge in adolescents again. Keywords: Education, Adolescents, Nutrition Awareness, Weight Monitoring, Nutritional Status