bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Review of Sanitation Options and Programming in Ghana, West Africa
Authors: Baldwin Kan-uge Grace L. , Kan-uge Elvis , Stwalley Robert M.
Published: October 2024

This review examines Ghana’s progress in sanitation. These efforts include the containment, transport, treatment, and disposal or reuse of human waste. This research specifically examined the current sanitation processes and programming efforts within Ghana, West Africa. Some reports indicate that Ghana is the second dirtiest country in Africa and the seventh dirtiest country in the world. A review of the current water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) options within the country indicates that significant efforts need to be undertaken. There are multiple toilet options and current practices within the country for the disposal of excrement. Unfortunately, the municipal sewer systems and wastewater treatment facilities within the country are either broken down or severely inadequate compared to their surrounding population. Current WASH programming, extension efforts, and key factors affecting the uptake of sanitation investment are reviewed. The price point where consumers would utilize sanitation products and services was analyzed, as well as the cost-to-benefit ratio of specific technologies for community members. This review demonstrated that initiatives should be undertaken to provide more sanitation professionals, renovate and expand urban municipal sewerage systems, and provide basic access to rural community areas. It was recommended that future programming, extension, and policy efforts be intentional and include relevant stakeholders and community members to provide a greater opportunity for establishing successful and substantial efforts.
The Financial Model for Water and Sanitation Services in Portugal: Lessons from Decades of Subsidies and Questionable Public Policies
Authors: Marques Rui Cunha , Simões Pedro , Marques Eduardo
Published: October 2024

Despite the billions of euros used as subsidies over recent decades, Portugal’s water sector continues to struggle, being characterized by significant inefficiencies and differences between high- and low-performing water and sanitation services (WSSs). Current subsidy policies lack transparency and are not linked to performance results, undermining efforts to promote efficiency and sustainability in both environmental and financial dimensions. To address these issues, this article highlights relevant aspects to be taken into account in the redefinition of funding allocation in the Portuguese WSS sector. By implementing performance-based criteria for subsidy allocation and prioritization, regardless of the identity of beneficiaries or providers, we aim to instigate accountability and efficiency in this process. The analysis draws on empirical data to highlight the shortcomings of existing practices and demonstrates the potential benefits of adopting the “user-pays” principle. This principle is able to improve the definition of tariffs aiming for full cost recovery, while still providing for disadvantaged and vulnerable customers through social tariffs or assistance programs. Key findings indicate that coordinated efforts among government agencies, regulators, public and private utilities, and municipalities are essential to develop and promote effective financing strategies. This stakeholder’s cooperation is essential for managing the urban water cycle sustainably and addressing the sector’s long-term challenges. This research implies that a strategic shift in subsidy allocation is required, to develop accountability, efficiency, and equity in the WSS sector. The allocation of financial resources must be better justified to enhance overall performance in the sector.
Experimental Outdoor Vehicle Acoustic Testing Based on ISO-362 Pass-by-Noise and Tyre Noise Contribution for Electric Vehicles
Authors: O’Boy Daniel , Tuplin Simon , Ebrahimi Kambiz
Published: October 2024

This paper focuses on the novel and unique training provision of acoustics relevant for noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH), focused on the ISO-362 standard highlighting important design aspects for electric vehicles. A case study of the practical implementation of off-site vehicle testing supporting an acoustics module is described, detailing a time-constrained test for automotive pass-by-noise and tyre-radiated noise with speed. Industrial test standards are discussed, with education as a primary motivation. The connections between low-cost, accessible equipment and future electric vehicle acoustics are made. The paper contains a full equipment breakdown to demonstrate the ability to link digital data transfer, analogue-to-digital communication, telemetry, and acquisition skills. The benchmark results of novel pass-by-noise and tyre testing are framed around discussion points for assessments. Inexpensive Arduino Uno boards provide data acquisition with class 1 sound pressure meters, XBee radios provide telemetry to a vehicle, and a vehicle datalogger provides GPS position with CANBUS data. Data acquisition is triggered through the implementation of light gate sensors on the test track, with the whole test lasting 90 minutes.
Analyzing Barriers to Innovation Management Implementation in Sustainable Tourism Using DEMATEL Method
Authors: Chountalas Panos T. , Chatzifoti Natalia , Alexandropoulou Alexandra , Georgakellos Dimitrios A.
Published: October 2024

The integration of sustainable practices in tourism is increasingly critical, given the sector’s substantial environmental and social impacts. Although the need for innovation management to promote sustainable tourism is widely recognized, various barriers hinder its effective implementation. This study employs the Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) methodology to systematically examine these barriers, identifying their interconnections and assessing their broader implications. The findings indicate that a short-term focus and financial constraints are the primary effect barriers to implementing innovation management in sustainable tourism. Their prominence as endpoints in the flow of impact within the model of interconnected barriers developed in this study underscores the need to further address the deeper, cause-related barriers that propagate these effects, such as inadequate leadership support, resistance to change, poor stakeholder communication and collaboration, insufficient knowledge and skills, and restrictive regulatory policies. Additionally, industry-specific challenges like a fragmented industry structure and fluctuating market conditions exacerbate these difficulties. Therefore, a comprehensive, holistic approach is essential for transitioning the tourism sector towards sustainable practices through innovation management and overcoming inherent financial and strategic barriers. This study advocates adopting the recently published Management System Standard ISO 56001:2024 as a structured innovation management framework capable of systematically and holistically mitigating these barriers. By analyzing the cause-and-effect relationships among the identified barriers, this study ultimately provides valuable insights that aid stakeholders—including policymakers, business leaders, and community representatives—in devising more effective, inclusive, and forward-thinking approaches to innovation in sustainable tourism. This is crucial for fostering a tourism sector that is not only economically beneficial but also environmentally responsible and socially equitable.
Youth Health Trends in Northern Portugal: Analyzing Diet, Physical Activity, and Body Image
Authors: Moreira Maria Teresa , Rodrigues Sandra , Lima Andreia , Ferreira Salomé , Fernandes Carla Sílvia , Festas Clarinda
Published: October 2024

(1) Background: In the face of global concerns regarding unhealthy lifestyles among youths, understanding dietary habits, physical activity, and weight management strategies among third-cycle students in Portugal becomes essential. This study aims to evaluate the extent to which middle school students adhere to the Mediterranean diet and assess their physical activity habits and overall weight perceptions. (2) Methods: This study is a cross-sectional observational study. Using self-reported data from a sample of 232 students aged between 12 and 18, this study delved into their dietary patterns, engagement in physical activities, perceptions of weight, and weight management approaches, measured by the KIDMED and YRB questionnaires. (3) The results demonstrated that adolescents engaged in a varied diet, and 65.5% had recently engaged in physical activity. However, 25% reported exercise-related injuries, suggesting potential safety gaps. Extreme weight management practices were minimal, but a disparity in weight perception and weight loss desire emerged, hinting at underlying societal and media influences. Gender differences in certain habits were minimal. (4) Conclusions: While students were generally inclined towards healthy habits, there are evident areas of concern, particularly regarding safety in physical activities and weight perceptions. In the future, interventions should be implemented to increase students’ literacy and raise awareness of the Mediterranean diet and physical well-being.
Metastatic brainstem medulloblastoma: a clinical case report
Authors:   Bashkir State Medical University (FSBEI HE BSMU of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation), Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia, Novikov Yu.O. , Novikov A.Yu. ,   State Budgetary Healthcare Institution of the Republic of Bashkortostan “City Clinical Hospital No. 21 of Ufa”, Ufa, Russia, Yasinskaya A.S. ,   State Budgetary Healthcare Institution of the Republic of Bashkortostan “Clinical Hospital of Emergency Medical Care of Ufa”, Dianov B.M. ,   State Budgetary Healthcare Institution of the Republic of Bashkortostan “City Clinical Hospital No. 21 of Ufa”, Ufa, Russia, Khisamutdinova A.F. ,   State Autonomous Healthcare Institution “Republican Clinical Oncology Center” of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Bashkortostan, Ufa, Russia
Published: October 2024

Medulloblastoma (MB) is one of the most common tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) of embryonic origin. MB is a malignancy that is quite common in pediatric patients; it represents a small proportion of brain tumors in young people, with an incidence of 0.6 per million per year. The peak age of diagnosis among the pediatric population is 3-6 years, while patients between 15 and 44 years old account for only 25%. The purpose of the study: to demonstrate a clinical case of surgical treatment of a patient with CNS metastasis of brainstem medulloblastoma. Methods. The article presents our clinical case of surgical treatment of a patient with medulloblastoma metastasis to the right temporal lobe. Results. Medulloblastoma is a heterogeneous brain tumor that is very rare in adults, especially those over 40 years of age, and accounts for less than 1% of all primary brain tumors in adults. Medulloblastoma metastases are most often found in the spinal cord and its membranes, less often in the cerebral hemispheres and ventricular system, which is associated with cerebrospinal fluid pathways. In foreign and Russian literature, there are relatively few publications on studies of metastatic lesions of medulloblastoma in adults; these studies are either considered as separate clinical observations or in conjunction with the development of medulloblastoma metastases in children. Non-specific neurological symptoms of medulloblastoma in adults can lead to later instrumental studies and specific therapy, and can also act as an unfavorable prognostic factor for the disease. Conclusion. Early detection and neurosurgical intervention are the key to preventing mortality and improving patient outcomes. Currently, only a few cases of medulloblastoma in adults are known; to prevent patient mortality, more detailed genetic and molecular studies of MB, including cerebrospinal fluid, risk stratification, description of oncological treatment, and monitoring of results to analyze MB sensitivity to chemotherapy and EBRT, as well as maintaining a registry of patients over 18 years old with brain medulloblastoma and dynamic observation of their family members in connection with oncological vigilance are needed.
Clinical and laboratory evaluation of the effectiveness of children's toothpastes containing 1000 ppm fluoride
Authors: Tokmakova S. I. , Bondarenko O. V. , Kirienkova E. A. , Gurevich Yu. Yu. , Mokrenko E. V. , Kolyshkina S. V. , Melnik А. P. , Yarovaya A. O. , Savitskaya N. V.
Published: October 2024

Relevance. This article presents the findings from studies evaluating the effectiveness of toothpastes containing 1000 ppm fluoride in clinical settings. The data demonstrates the cumulative benefits of these toothpastes on oral hygiene, the reduction of inflammatory oral manifestations, and their anticaries effects.

Purpose. To assess the effectiveness of fluoride-containing toothpastes through laboratory tests and clinical trials.

Materials and methods. The study evaluated the effectiveness of toothpastes containing 1000 ppm fluoride using the following parameters: Greene-Vermillion hygiene index, periodontal indices (PMA and SBI), enamel mineralization and resistance, presence and number of carious lesions at the white spot stage, enamel hypersensitivity, and antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus spp.

Results. The analysis of hygiene indices demonstrated that the tested toothpastes were highly effective in cleaning, with a positive cumulative effect on participants' oral hygiene. The use of these toothpastes significantly reduced inflammatory manifestations, decreased gum bleeding, and improved periodontal tissue health. A reduction in the number of participants with early-stage carious lesions, as well as a decrease in the overall number of lesions, was observed. The toothpastes also enhanced enamel resistance to acid exposure, contributing to their anticaries benefits. Enamel hypersensitivity was reduced, and a dose-dependent antibacterial effect against Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus gordonii, and Streptococcus sobrinus was observed.

Conclusion. Toothpastes containing 1000 ppm fluoride demonstrated strong cleaning and refreshing effects, along with a positive cumulative impact on oral hygiene and a significant reduction in inflammation. Their anticaries benefits were confirmed, and they also reduced enamel hypersensitivity. The tested toothpastes were well-tolerated, with no reports of allergic reactions or irritation.
Lyme disease in UK primary care: a knowledge, attitude and practice survey
Authors: Delaney Lucy , Semper Amanda , French Neil , Tulloch John SP
Published: October 2024

Background

Lyme disease (LD) cases in the UK most commonly present within the primary care setting. Despite an upward trend of incidence, little is known regarding general practitioner (GP) experience with diagnosis and treatment.

Aim

This study aims to describe baseline primary care clinician Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) in Scotland and England.

Design & setting

Online KAP survey on Lyme disease for UK based practising GPs.

Method

An online KAP questionnaire was developed for use in UK primary care. The survey was distributed through UK based research networks, professional societies and via social media.

Results

191 complete responses were analysed (Englandn=130, Scotlandn=61). The Scotland-based respondent group had more relevant consultations in the previous 3 years. Respondents from Scotland demonstrated a greater awareness that erythema migrans (EM) is pathognomonic for Lyme disease and that serological testing of this patient group is not indicated. Less common cardiac and neurological symptoms were not as well associated with Lyme disease by both respondent groups for the former and England-based respondents for the latter. Prescribing according to the National institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidance was identified in 70% of Scotland and 42% of England-based GP responses.

Conclusion

Targeted resources may improve clinician confidence on exposure risk, symptom recognition, testing limitations and treatment dose and duration. Scotland-based respondents’ better survey performance potentially reflects greater clinical exposure and public awareness of the disease, due to high endemicity within the nation.
Hollow Bismuth Nanoparticle-Loaded Gelatin Hydrogel Regulates M2 Polarization of Macrophages to Promote Infected Wound Healing
Authors: Lv Dongming , Xu Zhongye , Yang Hao , Rong Yanchao , Zhao Zirui , Hu Zhicheng , Yin Rong , Guo Rui , Cao Xiaoling , Tang Bing
Published: October 2024

Open wounds face severe bacterial infection, which affects the quality of healing. Photothermal antimicrobial therapy has received increasing attention as a broad-spectrum antimicrobial treatment that can avoid drug resistance. A variety of metallic materials have been used in the development of photothermal agents. However, there are few studies on bismuth as a photothermal agent and its use in tissue repair, so there is still a lack of clear understanding of its biomedical function. Here, a hollow bismuth nanosphere prepared from bismuth metal was developed for drug loading and photothermal antibacterial effect. The photothermal conversion efficiency of the hollow bismuth spheres reached 16.1%, and the bismuth-loaded gelatin-oxidized dextran (ODex)-based hydrogel achieves good antibacterial effects both in vivo and in vitro. The bismuth-loaded hydrogel can also promote the angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and improve the proliferation of human keratinocytes cells (HaCaT) and the quality of wound healing. This discovery provides a new idea for the application of metal bismuth in the field of tissue repair and regeneration.
Water-Dispersible and Biocompatible Polymer-Based Organic Upconversion Nanoparticles for Transdermal Delivery
Authors: Choi Hye Eun , Park Jeong-Min , Jeong Woo Yeup , Lee Su Bin , Kim Jae-Hyuk , Kim Ki Su
Published: October 2024

Photomedicine, which utilizes light for therapeutic purposes, has several hurdles such as limited tissue penetration for short-wavelength light and inadequate deep tissue efficacy for long-wavelength light. Photon energy upconversion (UC) reveals promise in photomedicine because it enables the conversion of lower-energy photons into higher-energy photon. Lanthanide (Ln)-based inorganic UC system has been extensively studied but faces challenges, including high excitation laser power density, intrinsically subpar UC quantum efficiency, and potential biotoxicity. Recently, an organic-based triplet–triplet annihilation UC (TTA-UC) system has emerged as a novel UC system due to its prolonged emission lifetime upon low power laser excitation and exceptional UC quantum yield. In this study, we developed water-dispersible hyaluronic acid (HA)-conjugated polycaprolactone (PCL) nanoparticles loaded with TTA-UC chromophores (HA-PCL/UC NPs), which allow deeper tissue penetration by converting red light (635 nm) into blue light (470 nm) for noninvasive transdermal delivery. HA-PCL/UC NPs demonstrated a 1.6% high quantum yield in distilled water, improved cellular imaging in HeLa cells, and effectively penetrated the deep tissue of porcine skin, showing upconverted blue light. Our strategy holds significant potential as a next-generation noninvasive photomedicine platform for bioimaging, photo-triggered drug delivery, and photodynamic therapy, ultimately advancing targeted and effective therapeutic interventions.
High Blood Pressure Associated with Depression, Not Anxiety: Results from the Tabriz Older People Survey (TOPS)
Authors: Azizi-Zeinalhajlou Akbar , Sanaie Sarvin , Jahanjoo Fatemeh , Parsian Zahra , Sadighi Behnam , Shiri Mehdi , Sullman Mark J.M. , Araj-Khodaei Mostafa , Yousefi Zahra
Published: October 2024

Objectives: To investigate the relationship between depression/anxiety and hypertension (HTN) in a large population-based sample in Iran. Design: A cross-sectional study. Setting: Tabriz, the capital of East Azerbaijan province in northwest Iran. Participants: A total of 1362 individuals were chosen from a representative sample of community-dwelling older adults aged 60 and above, residing in Tabriz. Participants were selected using the probability proportional to size sampling method. Outcome measures: A structured survey was used to measure socio-demographic variables, along with the hospital anxiety and depression scale. Blood pressure (BP) was measured using a standard mercury sphygmomanometer. Results: The results of a multiple logistic regression revealed that age (70-79 years old; P=0.01), employment status (housewives; P=0.02), level of education (illiterate; P<0.01), smoking status (having quit smoking; P<0.01), and depression (P=0.02) were related to HTN among these older adults. Conclusions: These findings highlight the critical importance of integrating mental health assessments and interventions in HTN management and prevention strategies, particularly for older populations.
Photobiomodulation Improves Histological Parameters of Testis and Spermatogenesis in Adult Mice Exposed to Scrotal Hyperthermia in the Prepubertal Phase
Authors: Aghajanpour Fakhroddin , Abbaszadeh Hojjat-Allah , Nazarian Hamid , Afshar Azar , Soltani Reza , Bana Derakhshan Homayoon , Fadaei Fathabadi Fatemeh , Norouzian Mohsen
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Heat stress is one of the environmental causes of damage to the testis, whose effects are less known before puberty. The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of photobiomodulation (PBM) on the testis of prepubertal mice subjected to hyperthermia. Methods: Twenty-four three-week-old prepubertal male mice were allocated to the following groups: I) control, II) scrotal hyperthermia (Hyp), and III) Hyp+PBM (n=8/each group). In order to induce hyperthermia, the scrotum was placed in water at 43 °C for 20 minutes every other day for a total duration of 10 days. In the Hyp+PBM group, after hyperthermia induction, the testis of the mice was subjected to laser irradiation at a wavelength of 890 nm (0.03 J/cm2 for 30 seconds) for 35 days. After the mice were sacrificed, the testis and epididymis were removed for testing. Results: Compared with those of the Hyp group, the sperm parameters of the laser irradiation group improved notably. In addition, histological examinations revealed that the final number of testis cells and the volume of tissue in the Hyp+PBM group were dramatically greater than those in the Hyp group. The analysis of molecular data revealed an increase in the expression of mitotic genes and testosterone levels and a decrease in the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the expression of the apoptotic gene in the testis subjected to PBM. Conclusion: Based on the present findings, laser therapy can reduce complications caused by scrotal hyperthermia during prepuberty and ameliorate spermatogenesis during puberty.
Development and validation of the mathematics self-efficacy scale for university students
Authors: Sayah Sayari Nimtaj , Shariat Bagheri Mohammad Mahdi , Lotfi Kashani Farah
Published: October 2024

Background: Academic underperformance in mathematics is widespread across all educational levels. To comprehend its causes, it is crucial to analyze various factors that impact academic advancement in mathematics through their interplay. The present study aimed to develop and validate a mathematics self-efficacy scale for university students. Methods: The research method was correlational and of instrument development type. The statistical population included all undergraduate students of Islamic Azad Universities in Tehran in 2021, of which 300 were selected as a sample using a multi-stage cluster random sampling method. In the process of scale construction, a set of items was initially selected based on a review of the research literature in the field of mathematics self-efficacy and the identification of valid tests in this area. Then, a preliminary version of the questionnaire was administered to a sample of 300 students. Factor analysis, Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to analyze the data. Results: Based on the results of the exploratory factor analysis, the mathematics self-efficacy scale consisted of four components: mathematical achievement and success, general mathematical self-efficacy, mathematical anxiety, and mathematical stress. Cronbach’s alpha for the four components were 0.97, 0.95, 0.95, and 0.93, respectively. The results of the convergent validity evaluation showed that all four components of the mathematics self-efficacy scale were positively correlated with the intrinsic and extrinsic motivation components of the Academic Motivation Scale and negatively correlated with academic motivation. Conclusion: The components of the mathematics self-efficacy scale had acceptable internal consistency and convergent validity. Therefore, it can be concluded that the designed scale can be used as a valid tool to measure the level of mathematics self-efficacy in university students.
FEATURES OF THERMAL STABILISATION OF FLAX-CONTAINING “STRETCH” FABRICS
Authors: Telitsyn Anatoly A. , Delektorskaya Irina A. , Koytova Zhanna Yu. , Kulichenko Anatoly V.
Published: October 2024

The analysis showed that achieving 15…30 % elasticity requires an input of textured yarns of about 40 %, while the same effect can be achieved by inputting 2…4 % elastane yarns. This makes it possible to produce stretch fabrics consisting of 96…98 % natural fibres. It is shown that the two-winding technology of joining elastane yarns with flax yarns allows the process to be carried out at a speed of at least 200 metres per minute. The article presents a laboratory technique for determining the process parameters for thermal stabilisation of flax-containing stretch fabrics to ensure a given elastic elongation of the fabric in the transverse direction. The possibility of producing stretch fabrics with a natural fibre content of at least 96 % is shown. The modes of fabric heat treatment to obtain elastic elongation from 12 to 36 % are given. The presented technique can be recommended for use in production conditions at the initial stage of industrial technology development.
TRADITIONAL AND NON-TRADITIONAL DECORATIVE COATINGS OF JEWELLERY AND COSTUME JEWELLERY
Authors: Galanin Sergey I. , Romanov Artem A.
Published: October 2024

A wide range of protective and decorative coatings and materials used in the manufacture of jewellery and costume jewellery is considered. It is shown that the use of certain coatings and technologies of their application or formation is determined by the materials used. The classification and scheme of using decorative coatings on the surface of the main groups of materials used in the manufacture of jewellery and costume jewellery is proposed. The coatings are divided into two main groups – traditional and non-traditional. Traditional coatings include coatings, the technology of formation and decorative properties of which have recently undergone significant modernisation. The non-traditional ones include relatively new decorative coatings, which have become widely used in the manufacture of jewellery and costume jewellery in recent decades. It is noted that the development of material science and technological base of jewellery industry leads to the emergence of new interesting coatings, which allows to significantly diversify the possi-bilities of jewellery creators.
HISTORICAL ASPECT OF THE EVOLUTION OF THE URBAN VISUAL INFORMATION ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Ryabinina-Zadernovskaya Varvara E.
Published: October 2024

The article analyses the nature of changes in the urban visual information environment in the context of historical development of European urban culture from ancient times to the present. The system of periodisation of its evolution is proposed on the basis of the revealed role of outdoor information objects in the system of urban visual communication. The dependence of the visual appearance of the urban environ-ment on information-technical achievements is investigated. The role of visual information objects as a sig-nificant city-forming factor is actualised. The typology of information objects is given and their role in the process of changing the image of the city at different stages of its development is considered.
Mnemonic Kalachakra: A Phenomenological Approach
Authors: Meenakshi S. , Tamilselvi A.
Published: October 2024

Science fiction traditionally explores the impact of innovations, often set in futuristic contexts.Claire North’s novel The First Fifteen Lives of Harry August leverages a unique time travel premiseto delve into themes of life’s meaning and personal struggle. It emphasizes subjective experiencessuch as emotions and states, aligning with the philosophical movement of Phenomenology. The protagonist, a ‘mnemonic’ with perfect memory across lifetimes, exemplifies this concept.This paper examines how the novel’s depiction of ‘Kalachakras’ reflects Sartre’s Existentialismand Phenomenology, revealing how human existence transcends natural laws and highlightingthe essence of absurdity.
Concept Development on Early Childhood Education: Awareness, Dialogic Inclusion and Practice
Authors: Panneerselvam G
Published: October 2024

This review article concentrated solely on concept development in early childhood education. Children’s concept development is critical, and it serves as a foundation for perceiving topic information for improved learning in higher levels of schooling. This article proposes dialogic inclusion as a strategy to improve the effectiveness of early childhood education by helping children acquire concepts effectively. As a start-up, the present system of early childhood education was brushed up with its aims and criteria for meeting the key topics. Simultaneously, core concepts such as classification, patterning, structure, and reasoning were discussed in relation to their nature, and the existing teaching procedure for the aforementioned concepts in early childhood was thematically represented. The dialogic inclusion, its awareness, and the existing system of childhood education in India with regard to concept development were reviewed, and dimensions of concepts were paragraphed. The phase of ‘dialogic inclusion’ in concept formation in education at the early childhood level was then disclosed, along with the themes’ relevance.
ТАЛЫШИНСКИЙ АБАС МЕХТИ ОГЛЫ (К 100-летию со дня рождения)
Authors: Р.Е. Калинин , В.А. Кирюшин , Н.А. Козеевская
Published: October 2024

Статья посвящена 100-летию со дня рождения доктора медицинских наук, профессора А.М.Талышинского. Потомок Ленкоранских (Талышских) ханов, Абас Мехти оглы Талышинский – является основоположником рязанской школы фундаментальной оториноларингологии, основателем первой в Рязани оториноларингологической клиники с полным набором операций, в т.ч. онкологических. Он первым в СССР использовал в своей работе метод общего обезболивания при амбулаторных операциях, разработал и получил патент на роторасширитель, который применяется в практике до настоящего времени и носит его имя. Профессор А.М.Талышинский разработал метод хирургического лечения храпа. Именно в Рязани в 1967 году была выполнена первая в Советском Союзе успешная операция по лечению этой патологии.

A descendant of the Lenkoran (Talysh) khans, Abas Mehdi Ogly Talyshinsky is the founder of the Ryazan school of fundamental otorhinolaryngology, the founder of the first otorhinolaryngology clinic in Ryazan with a full range of ENT operations, including oncology. He was the first in the Soviet Union to use in his practice the method of general anesthesia for outpatient operations, developed and received a patent for a mouth dilator, which is still in use and bears his name. Professor A.M. Talyshinsky developed a method of surgical treatment of snoring. It was in Ryazan in 1967 that the first such operation in the USSR was carried out.

Məqalə tibb elmləri doktoru, professor A.M.Talışınskinin anadan olmasının 100-illiyinə həsr edilir. Ryazan fundamental otorinolarinqologiya məktəbinin banisi, Lənkəran (Talış) xanlarının nəslindən olan Abas Mehdi oğlu Talışinski Ryazan şəhərində ilk LOR əməliyyatları, o cümlədən onkoloji əməliyyatlar icra edilən ilk otorinolarinqologiya klinikasının yaradıcısıdır. O, Sovet İttifaqında ilk dəfə olaraq ambulator əməliyyatlar üçün ümumi anesteziya üsulunu öz praktikasında tətbiq etmiş, hələ də istifadə olunan və onun adını daşıyan ağız dilatatoru işləyib hazırlamışdır. A.M.Talışınskinin bu yeniliyi patentə layiq görülmüşdür. Professor A.M.Talışinski xoruldamanın cərrahi müalicəsi üsulunu işləyib hazırlamışdır. SSRİ-də ilk belə əməliyyat məhz 1967-ci ildə Ryazanda həyata keçirilib.
Ideological marginalization of the image of Arabs in American cinema
Authors: Riad Ismail Haneen , Abdel Majeed Aladdin
Published: October 2024

يعد الواقع منهل ومعين لا ينضب لصناع الأعمال السينمائية، وبما أن المواضيع السياسية والاقتصادية والدينية وسواها من المواضيع التي تُشكل المحرك الرئيسي للواقع المعاش، فأن السينمائيين والمنشغلين بهذا المجال يُدركون أهمية الفن السينمائي والقدرة الكبيرة التي تستطيع إيهام المتلقي والتأثير فيهم, لأن التهميش يشمل هدفا إيديولوجيا للسينما الامريكية ومن يقف خلفها, بات من الضروري التصدي لهذا المفهوم ومعاينة ابعادها وتمثلاته, من هنا أنطلق البحث الموسوم, (التهميش الإيديولوجي لصورة العرب في السينما الامريكية؟). وقد تضمن البحث مشكلة البحث والحاجة اليه وأهمية البحث واهدافه.إما الفصل الثاني فتضمن على مبحثان، الأول المبحث (الإيديولوجيا البداية والامتداد) وقد تناولت فيه الباحثة (الإيديولوجيا المصطلح والمفهوم)، إما في المبحث الثاني فكان بعنوان (بنائية الوعي الزائف في السينما الأمريكية). وتضمن الفصل الثالث: (منهج البحث)، و(مجتمع البحث)، و(أداة البحث) ومن ثم تحليل العينة. إما الفصل الرابع (النتائج والاستنتاجات) فقد تم فيه استعراض نتائج البحث ومنها (أعتمد صانع العمل في موضوعة التهميش على الحوار الدال على بنية الفعل)، ثم الاستنتاجات والمقترحات والتوصيات، وختم البحث بقائمة المصادر والمراجع.
Photocurrent in Silic in Silicon/Barium Titanate/Nikel Structures
Authors: Karnilava Yu. D. , Chubenko E. B. , Gaponenko N. V.
Published: October 2024

Photosensitive silicon/barium titanate/nickel structures with undoped barium titanate and doped europium were synthesized using the sol-gel method. The current-voltage characteristics were studied under illumination with a xenon lamp, highlighting a monochromatic line in the range of 400–800 nm and in dark mode. The synthesized structures showed the presence of a photocurrent on the reverse branch of the current-voltage characteristics over the entire studied range of illumination wavelengths. The maximum reverse branch current for a structure with undoped barium titanate was achieved when exposed to radiation with a wavelength of 470 nm and was about 0.6 μA for a bias voltage ranging from 2 to 10 V. Doping barium titanate with europium leads to an increase in the photocurrent by 17–26 %.
Circuit Modeling of the Impact of Heavy Charged Particles on Transient Processes in Bipolar Analog Microcircuits
Authors: Dvornikov O. V. , Tchekhovski V. A. , Lovshenko I. Yu. , Nguyen Trong Thanh
Published: October 2024

One of the factors causing the failure of spacecraft integrated circuits is exposure to heavy charged particles. The entry of heavy charged particles into electronic devices leads to the appearance of single event transients (short current pulses), which in analog microcircuits manifest themselves in distortion of the output signal shape, and in digital microcircuits can cause a single event upset. The article discusses a technique for circuit mode-ling of the eﬀect of heavy charged particles on bipolar analog microcircuits, including the developed equivalent electrical circuit of a bipolar transistor for LTSpice and the procedure for modeling transient processes. Despite the simpliﬁcations adopted, namely: failure to take into account the dependence of the duration of the rise and fall of the current pulse generated by a charged particle on the parameters of the transistor structure, the assumption that the entire charge is generated in the active base and the space charge regions of the emitter and collector junctions, an equivalent circuit has been developed made it possible to determine that the shape of the collector current pulse for circuit with a common emitter when exposed to a heavy charged particle is determined by the speed of the transistor and its operating mode. Using the developed methodology, the “critical” transistors of the two studied analog microcircuits were determined, and the need to bypass the current-setting resistors with a small capacitor was justiﬁed.
A Method for Speed Up the Allpass Transformation Algorithm
Authors: Porhun M. I. , Vashkevich M. I.
Published: October 2024

Two algorithms for calculating the phase transformation, which consists in calculating the outputs of a chain of phase links, are considered. The algorithms are based on the idea of synthesis of a dual phase link, which allows calculating the outputs of a cascade of two-phase links in one pass. To synthesize dual phase links, the representation of digital ﬁlters by the space state method is used. The proposed algorithms are implemented in the C language, and they are compared with the direct form of implementation of the phase transformation. During the experiments, the speed of calculating the chain of phase links on a personal computer with an Intel Core i7-37700 processor was estimated using the proﬁler built into the Visual Studio environment. The results showed that both algorithms allow accelerating the calculation of the chain of phase links by 1.3 and 1.8 times, respectively.
إعادة تأهيل القرى التراثية وتوظيفها في تنمية السياحة المستدامة: نماذج من جنوبي الأردن
Authors: المحاسنه حمزه , الرواحنه مسلم
Published: October 2024

تُسلط هذه الورقة العلمية الضوء على أربع قرى تراثية في جنوبي الأردن هي على التوالي: قرية ضانا في لواء بصيرا التابع لمحافظة الطفيلة، وقرى: الطيبة (طيبة زمان)، والنوافلة (بيت زمان) و(إلجي) في لواء البترا التابع لمحافظة معان (أنظر الشكل رقم:1)، وقد تم تطوير، واستثمار هذه القرى من قِبل القطاع الخاص حتى أصبحت مواقع جذب سياحية متميزة، وذلك من خلال توظيف تراثها العمراني ضمن الخدمات المعروضة للسياح داخلياً، وخارجياً. وخلال مدة وجيزة أصبحت الفعاليات السياحية في هذه القرى التراثية من أهم الموارد الاقتصادية الرئيسة التي ساهمت في تنمية المجتمعات، والمؤسسات المحلية، والشعبية إذ انتفع بريعها السكان المحليون، والمستثمرون على حد سواء.
Coaching Clinic Keterampilan Dasar Bulutangkis Pada Mahasiswa Ilmu Keolahragaan Di Gor Oase Kabupaten Karawang
Authors: Nasution Aqilah , Paturohman Rayfal Fahmi , Wahyudi Aldy Heri , Nugroho Setio , Izzuddin Deden Akbar
Published: October 2024

Coaching Clinic Keterampilan Dasar Bulutangkis pada Mahasiswa Ilmu Keolahragaan di Gor Oase Kabupaten Karawang. Bulutangkis merupakan olahraga yang populer di Indonesia, termasuk di kalangan mahasiswa Ilmu Keolahragaan. Coaching clinic merupakan metode efektif untuk meningkatkan keterampilan dasar dalam bermain bulutangkis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas coaching clinic dalam meningkatkan keterampilan dasar bulutangkis pada mahasiswa Ilmu Keolahragaan di Gor Oase Kabupaten Karawang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode campuran (mixed methods) dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari 50 mahasiswa Ilmu Keolahragaan yang dipilih secara acak. Data dikumpulkan melalui tes keterampilan bulutangkis sebelum dan setelah coaching clinic, serta melalui wawancara mendalam dengan peserta setelah acara selesai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan dalam keterampilan dasar bulutangkis pada mahasiswa setelah mengikuti coaching clinic. Selain itu, temuan kualitatif juga menunjukkan bahwa peserta mengalami peningkatan dalam pemahaman mereka tentang strategi permainan dan motivasi untuk berlatih bulutangkis. Secara keseluruhan, coaching clinic ini terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan keterampilan dasar bulutangkis dan memotivasi mahasiswa Ilmu Keolahragaan untuk lebih aktif dalam berolahraga. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi penting dalam pengembangan metode
influence of service, innovation, integrity on taxpayer compliance with education as a moderating variable at the UPT PPD/Samsat Karimun Office
Authors: Trilestari Rezy
Published: October 2024

Purpose: This study analyzes the influence of service, innovation, and integrity on taxpayer compliance with education as a moderating variable in the UPT PPD/Samsat Karimun office.
Methodology: This study used a quantitative and descriptive approach with a population of all 2-Wheeled Motor Vehicle Taxpayers, namely 64,003 people, to obtain a sample of 156 respondents. This study used primary data with data sources, distributing Google form questionnaires, and going directly to the field. The data analysis technique used is the partial least squares (PLS) approach, which is a structural equation model (Structural Equation Modeling or SEM) based on components or variants, SmartPLS 4.0.
Results: Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that 1) service quality has a significant positive effect on taxpayer compliance, with an original sample value (O) of 0.305 and T-statistic of 2.235. 2) Innovation does not have a significant effect on taxpayer compliance, with an original sample value (O) of 0.252 and T-statistic of 0.870. 3) Integrity has a significant positive effect on taxpayer compliance, with an original sample value (O) of 0.370 and T-statistic of 2.082. 4) Service does not have a significant effect on tax education, with an original sample (O) value of 0.043 and T-statistic of 0.197. 5) Innovation has a significant positive effect on tax education, with an original sample (O) value of 0.313 and T-statistic of 1.984. 6) Integrity does not have a significant effect on tax education, with an original sample (O) value of 0.529 and T-statistic of 1.916. 7) Service has a significant positive effect on taxpayer compliance through education, with an original sample (O) value of 0.308 and T-statistic of 2.091. 8) Innovation does not have a significant effect on taxpayer compliance through education, with an original sample (O) value of 0.059 and T-statistic of 0.367. 9) Integrity does not have a significant effect on taxpayer compliance through education, with an original sample (O) value of 0.100 and T-statistic of 0.510. 10) Education has a significant positive influence on taxpayer compliance, with an original sample value (O) of 0.419 and T-statistic of 1.976.
Optimalisasi Kualitas Layanan Transportasi Publik: Pendekatan Model P-Transqual dalam Mengevaluasi Kinerja di PO. Moedah
Authors: Barinta Dunga Dwi , Lestari Yetty Dwi , Kharisma Ariefky Pramudya
Published: October 2024

Purpose: This study aims to quantify and scrutinize the caliber of public transportation services through meticulous application of the Public Transportation Quality (P-TRANSQUAL) framework.
Research methodology: The proposed research method involves a qualitative approach that integrates the use of Public Transportation Service Quality (PTSQ) and fishbone diagrams. The research population consisted of users of PO Moedah services, selected randomly based on predetermined inclusion criteria, including diverse age groups, gender, occupation, and monthly income range.
Results: The empirical findings suggest that, while functionally proficient, the public transportation services administered by PO Moedah are not immune to deficiencies, warranting remedial intervention.
Limitations: The study was limited by subjective customer opinions and potential sample bias due to inclusion criteria such as age and income. Additionally, the findings are specific to PO Moedah's area and offer only a snapshot in time, limiting the generalizability and long-term relevance.
Contribution: This study offers practical insights for PO Moedah to improve services and demonstrates the use of the P-TRANSQUAL framework to assess public-transportation quality. It highlights the importance of customer satisfaction and promotes sustainable urban transportation by addressing key issues, such as fuel consumption and traffic congestion.
Moyamoya disease: insights into the clinical implications of the RNF213 gene
Authors: Ok Taedong
Published: October 2024

Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a rare cerebrovascular disorder characterized by progressive stenosis of the terminal internal carotid arteries and the formation of compensatory collateral vessels, which appear as a “puff of smoke” on cerebral angiography. It is a significant cause of stroke in East Asia, with an incidence of 0.5 to 1.5 cases per 100,000 people annually. The etiology of MMD remains unclear; however, the identification of the RNF213 gene, particularly the R4810K variant, as a major susceptibility factor among the East Asian population, has provided crucial insights into the disease's pathophysiology and clinical manifestations. MMD typically presents with transient ischemic attacks, ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes, seizures, headaches, and cognitive deficits. Diagnostic criteria have evolved to emphasize advanced imaging techniques. Pathological features include fibrocellular intimal thickening, irregular undulation of the elastic lamina, and the formation of moyamoya vessels. The mutation in the RNF213 gene impairs the degradation of proteins involved in vessel development, leading to abnormal angiogenesis. Genotype-phenotype studies indicate that the RNF213 variant is associated with an earlier onset, transient ischemic attacks, infarctions, and involvement of the posterior cerebral artery, although its effects vary between regions. Additionally, the homozygous RNF213 variant consistently correlates with an earlier age of onset and a higher risk of cerebral infarction. However, further research is necessary to fully understand its long-term impacts and its relationship with revascularization outcomes. Ongoing research is crucial to fully comprehend the pathophysiology and genetics of MMD, improve prognostic predictions, and develop novel therapies.
Una singolare epidemia del Settecento: Baretti e la «peste» antiquaria
Authors: Bianco Elisa
Published: October 2024

This essay aims at outlining Baretti’s attitude toward antiquarianism, which pervaded eighteenth-century Europe and Italy in particular, first with the revival of Etruscan studies and then with the discovery of Herculaneum and Pompeii. Baretti’s attacks towards the study of antiquities cover the years before Baretti definitively moved to England in 1766, starting from 1750, when he published the “Primo Cicalamento” against Giuseppe Bartoli, Paduan antiquarian and professor of eloquence and Greek at the University of Turin, who took part in the renowned antiquarian dispute over the «Querini Diptych». His dislike of the antiquarian concerns of his time would later become ‒ unexpectedly ‒ a matter of political balance, involving the Kingdom of Naples and the Republic of Venice.
Genio nazionale versus gusto universale. Baretti interprete e apologeta di Shakespeare nella polemica contro Voltaire
Authors: Gallitelli Eleonora
Published: October 2024

In the last decades of the eighteenth century, Voltaire sparked off a fierce debate on the merits and demerits of Shakespeare’s plays, to which Baretti responded with his Discours sur Shakespeare et sur M. de Voltaire. Defending the English playwright against the charges brought against him by the French philosopher, Baretti framed what would be a fundamental tension in the transition from the Age of Enlightenment to the Romantic Age: the question of universalism, understood in terms of the opposition between “universal taste” and “national genius”. In an argument remarkable for its profundity and breadth of reference, Baretti raises issues that are still topical today, such as the process of globalization and the desire to overcome cultural boundaries and achieve a homogenization of aesthetic taste, bringing a new urgency to the dialectic between the universal and the particular.