bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A unified description of atomic physics for electron Fokker–Planck calculations
Authors: Savoye-Peysson Y. , Mazon D. , Bielecki J. , Dworak D. , Król K. , Jardin A. , Scholz M. , Walkowiak J. , Decker J.
Published: October 2023

Most realistic kinetic calculations for tokamak plasmas are now required to incorporate the effect of partially ionized high-Z elements arising either from uncontrolled influxes of metallic impurities, such as tungsten in high input power regimes or from mitigation of runaway electrons generated after possible major disruptions by massive gas injection. The usual electron–ion Fokker–Planck collision operator must therefore be modified, because all plasma atoms are not entirely ionized, as is the case for light elements. This represents a challenge, in order to perform fast but also accurate calculations, regardless of the type of element present in the plasma, but also their local levels of ionization while covering a wide range of electron energies in a consistent way, from a few keV to tens of MeV in plasmas whose electron temperature may itself vary from 10 eV to several keV. In this context, a unified description of the atomic models is proposed, based on a multi-Yukawa representation of the electrostatic potential calibrated against results obtained by advanced quantum calculations. Besides the possibility to improve the description of inner and outer atomic shells in the determination of the atomic form factor, this model allows one to derive analytical formulations for both elastic and inelastic scattering, which can then be easily incorporated in kinetic calculations. The impact of the number of exponentials in the description of the atomic potential is discussed, and a comparison with simple and advanced atomic models is also performed.
Turbulence stabilization in tokamak plasmas with high population of fast ions
Authors: Kim D. , Park S.J. , Choi G.J. , Cho Y.W. , Kang J. , Han H. , Candy J. , Belli E.A. , Hahm T.S. , Na Y.-S. , Sung C.
Published: October 2023

This letter provides a new physical insight into the fast ion effects on turbulence in plasmas having a high fast ion fraction and peaked fast ion density profile. We elucidate turbulence stabilization mechanisms by fast ions that result in internal transport barrier formation in the fast ion regulated enhancement mode plasma. Both linear and nonlinear gyrokinetic simulations show that the dominant turbulence suppression mechanisms are the dilution effects. In particular, we find that turbulence can be sufficiently suppressed solely by an inverted main ion density gradient due to fast ions, for the first time. New physical findings reported here improve our understanding of fast ion effects on turbulence, essential for fusion energy production where . Moreover, they will open up a new methodology to control plasma turbulence applicable to a wide range of plasma confinement regimes.
A Quantitative interpretation of salt water mixture in the shallow aquifer through the geoelectrical resistivity data
Authors: Islami Nur , Irianti Mitri
Published: October 2023

The main problem of groundwater in coastal areas is the intrusion of saltwater into freshwater aquifers. This study aims to predict the amount of saltwater content in aquifers polluted by intro-sea saltwater. In this study, an attempt is made to provide a direct correlation approach for resistivity measurements with the physical characteristics of groundwater. A 2D resistivity survey with the Wenner configuration have been carried out in the coastal area. The geoelectrical resistivity survey is about 3 km from the shoreline. The chemical measurement was done on freshwater, seawater and fresh-seawater mixture, which the mixture was consisted of 25%, 50% and 75% of seawater content. The results showed that the resistivity below 5 ohm.m indicated the presence of seawater with a concentration of more than 50% mixed with fresh water. In general, it can be seen that the decrease in resistivity appears to decrease exponentially with increasing seawater content in the aquifer.
Synthesis and characterization of magnetite particles from Syiah Kuala iron sand prepared by co-precipitation method
Authors: Nengsih S , Madjid S N , Mursal  , Jalil Z
Published: October 2023

Iron sand is abundant in Aceh but it has not been supported by maximum efforts to improve the quality and usability of this material, it is only used as a raw material in the industry. This research aims to synthesize and characterize Syiah Kuala iron sand to become magnetite by the co-precipitation method. Prior to synthesis, iron sand was separated from impurities with a bar magnet and sieved with a size of 200 mesh. 37% HCl was added to the iron sand while stirring and heated at 70°C as the first step in the synthesis. After being filtered, the iron sand precipitate was added with 6.5 M NH4OH then stirred and heated. At this stage, a precipitate is formed and then washed until the pH is normal and dried. XRF data shows the total composition of Fe elements and Fe2O3 compounds from Syiah Kuala iron sands is 87.1 mass % and 84.2 mass %, respectively. XRD data shows that iron sand before and after synthesis has the same phase, namely the magnetite phase with a lattice structure of FCC. The high density of magnetite particles showed by SEM but the particle uniformity is still low. The effect of oxidation by outside air during synthesis causes the particles to agglomerate with a size range of 500 nm – 3000 nm. The Fe-O functional group was found from the FTIR analysis. Therefore, the Syiah Kuala iron sand has crystal purity quality and the opportunity to develop in various science and technology applications.
Experimental study on fuel consumption and smoke opacity of defective coffee-bean-based biodiesel fuel engines
Authors: Lapisa Remon , Jayantoni  , Yuvenda Dori , Putra Randi Purnama , Martias  , Waskito  , Ambiyar
Published: October 2023

This experimental study aims to analyse the performance of sorted coffee beans-based biodiesel. This study is carried out in three main stages; (a) the preparation process of coffee beans raw material, (b) the biodiesel formation process, and (c) biodiesel performance analysis. In manufacturing process, the coffee bean powder is added with two chemical treatments sequentially; extraction-distillation and esterification/transesterification. Parameters of analysis in this study are the characteristics of the biodiesel and the performance of the biodiesel-diesel mixture in terms of fuel consumption efficiency and engine smoke opacity. Measurements of Engine Running Time (ERT) and smoke opacity were carried out on a single-piston diesel engine. There were five biodiesel-diesel mixture specimens; B0, B5, B10, B15, and B20 (20% biodiesel fraction). The experimental results show that mixing biodiesel with diesel fuel provides two main advantages; extending engine running time which means fuel consumption efficiency, and lowering the smoke opacity level. Therefore, it is more environmentally friendly. The efficiency of fuel consumption and smoke opacity depends on the biodiesel fraction in the fuel mixture. The results and methodology of this research are expected to be an additional reference in the development of biodiesel as an alternative fuel.
The Effect Of Grain Size To Physico Mechanic Properties Of Particle Board Based On Rice Husk and Liquid Rubber Compound
Authors: Sutanto T D , Putranto A M H , Gustian I , Banon C , Muzahidah A
Published: October 2023

Particle board research produced from a number of grain size of Rice Husk and liquid rubber compound has been carried out. First particle board was produced by mixing rice husk with a number of grain size were 10-25 mesh; 25-50 mesh; 50-75 mesh and <75 mesh with liquid rubber compound as much as 45% to form a particle board with size of 5 x 10 x 7.5 cm in length, width and height and then dried. Then the particle board is pressed to get a thickness of 2.5 cm and then carried out the characterization of the MOR, MOE, screw pull resistance, water content and density. The results showed that the best rice husk particle size was obtained at 25-50 mesh grain size. At this grain size, the value of MOR, MOE, screw pull resistance, water content, and density of particle board were 9054,8 g/mm2; 15090 g/mm2; 69 g/mm2; 4,1% and 0,83 gr/cm3 respectively. The results of this study still do not meet the standards according to SNI 03-2105-2006
Physicochemical study of keratin containing impurities from human nails
Authors: Rahmi Aulia , Widiyati Eni , Nesbah  , Banon Charles , Gustian Irfan
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this research to study of physicochemical properties of keratin from human nails which still contains impurities. The method in this study, keratin from human nail waste was dissolved using NaOH solvent at room temperature, then neutralized to pH 7 using glacial acetic acid. On this report have studied the analysis of functional groups of keratin with impurities, viscosity, melting point, solubility and diffractogram pattern using XRD. The FTIR spectrum shows the transmittance in the wave number 1750-1200 cm−1 which is the characterization region of keratin protein. The intrinsic viscosity of nail keratin was obtained at 0.105 g/dL or 10 g/ml. The melting point of nail keratin was obtained at 210 °C. Keratin solubility test using HCl and NaOH 0.1 M and 1 M respectively, showed that keratin was soluble in strong base NaOH with high concentration. The results of XRD analysis, in a diffractogram pattern without a dominant peak and tend to widen, keratin from human nails is included in the amorphous structure type.
Determination of landslide hazardous map using logistic regression in Lima Puluh Kota Regency
Authors: Ahyuni  , Purwati Indah , Nur Hamdi , Susetyo Bigharta Bekti , Purwaningsih Endah
Published: October 2023

Many ways are done to determine the area of the possibility of landslides based on the factors causing it, which groupings start from a simple (heuristic), statistical to deterministic way. Especially for statistical methods, it is still divided into various statistical methods, one of which is using the logistic regression method. This study aims to use logistic regression to determine the landslide hazardous area in Lima Puluh Kota Regency with landslide events as the dependent variable and landslide occurrence factors as independent variables. The study resulted in areas with high, medium, and low hazard. Thus, the resulting map can be used as a guide for an accuracy scale of 50,000.
Dependence of electronic properties on Coulomb repulsion and electric field in single layer FeI2
Authors: Prayitno Teguh Budi , Budi Esmar , Nuryasin Bagus , Abdillah Muhammad Andrianto , Kartika Marliana Candra
Published: October 2023

The Coulomb repulsion was applied in the framework of LDA+U approach and electric field to find out the electronic properties of a single layer 1T-FeI2. This calculation relies on the density functional theory of non-collinear magnetic structure. From the curve of energy dispersion, increasing the Coulomb parameter and electric field yields an electronic transition from a metallic state to an insulating state. This only holds in case the spin-orbit coupling is incorporated. While the magnetism still holds as the Coulomb parameter is tuned, the magnetism vanishes as the electric field is included. However, as the magnetism disappears, the spin splitting appears when increasing the electric field. This indicates that the Coulomb repulsion and electric field give a prominent impact on the electronic properties in the single layer FeI2 as the spin-orbit coupling is included.
The application on grid-connected solar cells for DC current electronic equipment
Authors: Mairizwan M , Anshari Rio , Dewi Wahyuni Satria
Published: October 2023

The focus of the discussion in this paper is the development of solar cells on the electricity network connected to solar cell energy, the use of energy is selected based on the current mode which aims to optimize the use of energy generated from solar cells. The development of this system is prioritized for consumers who can manage electrical equipment connected to the electricity grid or from solar cells. The development of this system is adjusted to the required hardware and software. The method used is the application of science into technological design. based on the results obtained, there is an energy saving of dc electronic equipment that is connected directly to the MPPT solar cell system of 7.6% when compared to the use of an inverter.
Structural and Small-Angle Scattering Analysis on Melting of Gold Nanoparticle
Authors: Fahdiran Riser , Susila Anggara Budi , Sugihartono Iwan , Handoko Erfan
Published: October 2023

Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation was used for time evolution of melting dynamics on gold nanoparticle with thickness 8 nm. The systems are heated up from room temperature up to three times melting point in 10 ps to ensure that the system is melted and expanding. After t = 7 ps, the system is collapsed, hence pressure oscillation is vanished. Common Neighbor Analysis (CNA) along with wide angle scattering confirmed the melting state at the end of simulation. While small-angle scattering indicated the expansion of the system, it cannot precisely calculate system radius due to its small size.
Modeling of Crustal Deformation Due To Sumatra Tectonic Earthquakes Based On GNSS Remote Sensing Data
Authors: Ikram Z , Marzuki M , Arisa D
Published: October 2023

Indonesia is at the confluence of three large plates, so it often experiences earthquakes. Therefore, earthquake disaster mitigation efforts must be increased. One of the efforts that can help the government prepare a disaster mitigation system for earthquakes and their associated disasters is research on fault deformation. This research utilizes continuous data from the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), especially the Global Positioning System (GPS), which is processed into surface deformation. The crustal deformation was modeled based on the Okada formulation with estimated earthquake parameters and then verified with surface deformation to obtain optimal parameter values. Automation is carried out with a computerized system to speed up the estimation process, and more optimal results are obtained using the Hooke-Jeeves numerical method. We do modeling for tectonic earthquakes in Sumatra during 2005 and 2007 with magnitudes > 8 Mw. The modeling results were validated with seismic data and seismological theory of the seismic moment. The success of this modeling can be taken into consideration in earthquake prediction as part of an earthquake disaster mitigation system.
Arduino based smart home security design using biometric recognition
Authors: Hardyan M , Haqqi F A , Yohandri
Published: October 2023

As a standard feature, smart homes have a lock door that requires a password to open. However, burglars can simply defeat this security measure, and it is impossible to identify the user or person who opens the lock door. The authors are interested in building a system with the name research design of an Arduino-based smart home security system employing biometric recognition based on the aforementioned issues. The purpose of this study is to identify the performance requirements and design of an Arduino-based biometric home security system. This study is an engineering study that tries to identify the performance and design requirements for an Arduino-based smart home security system. The mechanical shape of the tool was created using the performance specification. The properties of the sensor, as well as the accuracy and precision of the tool, serve as the basis for the design specifications. The precision value of each sensor, namely the fingerprint sensor, is extremely good, while the precision values of the PIR sensor and magnetic sensor are 99.56% and 97.87%, respectively. The accuracy value of the sensor on the tool, primarily the fingerprint sensor, is very good.
A flood detection system and flood door control based on Arduino
Authors: Fotian C , Haqqi F A , Yohandri
Published: October 2023

Flooding has become one of the most serious problems for Indonesians, particularly in flood-prone areas. Floods can be hazardous to the community, particularly if they occur suddenly, at night, or at unpredictable times. The answer to these problems is the installation of a flood detection system and a flood barrier door control system. In this paper, a flood detection system and flood door control based on will be presented. Ultrasonic sensors monitor the air level, a SIM800L module delivers signals, a stepper motor operates the door, an LCD shows the air level, and a buzzer offers an immediate warning. The accuracy and precision of the ultrasonic sensor are 98.83% and 99.40%, respectively. Based on the accuracy and precision of the system, it can be concluded that the system can be used for flood control systems.
Analysis of Aloe vera Nano Powder (Aloe vera L.) using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD)
Authors: Putri Lathifa Zonesya , Ratnawulan
Published: October 2023

Aloe vera gel is considered necessary for further processing into high-value products like nano powder due to its complex but easily damaged nutrients. Aloe vera nanopowder is one solution to increase the properties and resistance of Aloe vera so that it can be used for nanotechnology applications, such as thin coatings. In this study, natural gel Aloe vera was converted into Aloe vera powder by adding a concentration of 0.3% Tween 80 and 15% maltodextrin. This method is called the Foam-mat drying method. Using High Energy Milling (HEM-E3D), the powder was mashed for five hours to achieve nanoscale size. The phase of the aloe vera nanopowder was determined by XRD analysis. The peaks 20, which were at an angle of 20°, indicated that the production of the Aloe vera nanopowder was successful. The angle of 20° showed the angle for organic materials and Aloe vera nanopowder is ready to be applied for the fabrication of hydrophobic materials.
Effect of Temperature Variation on Band Gap Value in Thin Layers of Nano Photocatalyst Fe2O3/CuO/MnO2
Authors: Rahmadhani Detty , Ratnawulan Ratnawulan , Hidayati Hidayati , Fauzi Ahmad , Steven Anthoni , Azleen Fahira
Published: October 2023

Water is one of the primary needs of all living things in daily life. However, the availability of clean water is currently starting to decrease along with the decline in the quality and quantity of water in the environment. Industrialization and rapid economic development have caused concern due to the habit of disposing of waste without proper management. Attempts to get clean water free from pollution are to utilize technology with photocatalytic properties that can reduce liquid pollutants with Infra-Red light. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimum conditions of the band gap to photocatalyst by temperature variation. Fe2O3, CuO, and MnO2 are doped semiconductor materials for the application of photocatalyst properties. The materials were milled using a High Energy Milling (HEM-3ED) to obtain nanoparticle sizes. The synthesis was carried out by sol-gel and spin-coating methods to make a thin film in enhancing photocatalytic activity in industrial applications. Characterization was conducted using ultraviolet-visible (Uv-Vis) spectrophotometry analysis. The results showed that temperature affects photocatalyst properties and the band gap value obtained at a temperature variation of 400°C is 1.36 eV which is the most optimum semiconductor band gap energy.
The Effect of Traffic Characteristics on Noise Level in Padang City
Authors: Chandra Deded , Nova Sari , Barlian Eri , Heldi  , Vauzia
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this research is to: 1) identify the characteristics of traffic flow in Padang City, 2) analyze the traffic noise level, and 3) analyze the effect of traffic characteristics on the noise level. Measurements of traffic flow and noise levels were carried out at 14 points on weekdays and holidays using a Sound Level Meter. Analyses used were descriptive statistics, interpolation (GIS), and multiple linear regression. The results showed: 1) Traffic flow characteristics ranged from 412 to 7,530 vehicles per hour on weekdays, and 363 to 7,440 on holidays. 2) The noise level ranges from 65.2-84.8 dBA. 3) The coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.667 on weekdays and 0.633 on holidays shows that motorcycles, light vehicles, and heavy vehicles have an effect of 66.7% on weekdays and 63.3% on holidays. Heavy vehicles have the highest influence of all.
Implementation of Guided Inquiry Learning Model to Improve Student’s Science Process Skills on Water Rocket Topic
Authors: Serevina Vina , Islamiah Nurtsani , Liandari Eka
Published: October 2023

This study aims to determine the application of the Guided Inquiry learning model to improve students’ science process skills on water rocket material at class XII Science 2 Public High School 107, Jakarta in 2021. Guided inquiry consists of presenting problems, making hypotheses, designing experiments, conducting experiments, analyzing data, and making conclusions. This research method used class-room action research which conducted in 2 cycles, each cycle consisting of planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. The indicator of the minimum completion criteria of student’s science process skills on water rocket topic is 75.00. The results of this study in the first cycle showed that the average score of the student’s science process skills on water rocket topic was 70.28. While the result in the second cycle is bigger than the first cycle which is 81.71. From the results obtained, students experienced an increase score and the achievement of minimum completeness criteria indicators. It can be concluded that the implementation of guided inquiry learning models can improve student’s science process skills on water rocket topic.
The effectiveness of STEM-Based Science Teaching Materials in Improving elementary School Students’ Science Literacy
Authors: Made Astra I , Henukh Anderias , Uskenat Kristina
Published: October 2023

Science capability in Indonesia remains below expectations. Science mastery is limited to knowing the facts without being able to connect them to other, more complicated scientific concepts. Science exists to shape mindsets, behavior, and human character so that they can care for themselves, society, and the universe. In order to understand and solve problems, teaching materials that focus on life situations and global issues are required for implementation. The goal of this study was to assess the impact of STEM-based science teaching materials on students’ scientific literacy. This study employed a quantitative research design with a quasi-experimental research design. The Pretest-Posttest Control Group design was used. In this study, a test was used to measure students’ scientific literacy skills by having them answer pretest and posttest questions given to students in the control and experimental classes. Using STEM-based science teaching materials could increase scientific literacy of students with an N-gain score of 70.55 (high), but students who did not use STEM science teaching materials only had an N-gain score of 52.20 (medium). Based on data analysis, it was discovered that using STEM-based science teaching materials was very helpful in enhancing students’ scientific literacy.
Analysis of the Implementation of Laboratory Activities in High School Physics Learning from the Perceptions of Teachers and Principals
Authors: Linda Resma , Putra Amali , Desnita  , Afrizon Renol
Published: October 2023

The laboratory is the main means of learning contextual physics. The results of observations in high schools of Padang Pariaman Regency, West Sumatra, showed that the implementation of laboratory activities in learning physics was still low. An analysis was conducted to highlight the implementation of these laboratory activities in high school physics learning in terms of teachers’ and principals’ perceptions. Aspects that can be disclosed are a) the implementation of laboratory activities in terms of; availability of infrastructure and perceptions of teachers and school principals on laboratory activities, and b) the relationship between teachers’ and principals’ perceptions of laboratory activities in physical education. Sampling was done using the Cluster Random Sampling technique. The data obtained were described using the percent technique. The results of data analysis and processing concluded that a) in terms of the availability of facilities and infrastructure for the implementation of laboratory activities, the average was in the very low category (17.86%), b) The perception of teachers and principals on laboratory activities in physical learning was on average the same for the lower criteria (43.00%) and 45.20%); and c) data on the relationship between the perceptions of teachers and principals on laboratory activities is in a very strong (0.816) and strong (0.788) relationship with their respective contributions of 66.60% and 62.10%. In general, this analysis concludes that a very low percentage The implementation of laboratory activities is largely influenced by the low perception of teachers and principals’ perceptions of the role of laboratory activities in learning physics.
Improving science learning competence through advance organizer model innovation based on authentic and real worlds activities for elementary school student
Authors: Hidayati Abna , Bentri Alwen , Arina Novra
Published: October 2023

The implementation of science learning in elementary schools is generally still carried out conventionally, which is still teacher-centered and rarely makes students active. Students are rarely involved with authentic activities so that learning is less meaningful. The research question is whether there is an effect of the advance organizer model based on authentic and real world activities on the science learning outcomes of elementary school students This study uses a quantitative method in the form of a Quasy Experiment. The Subject is 20 students in grade IV of elementary school student. The research was conducted by testing one class with a pretest and posttest design. The results showed that there was a significant difference between learning outcomes before using the advance organizer model with multimedia assistance and after using the model. This is because the application of advance organizers with multimedia provides real experiences to students, one of which is by conducting direct experiments. Learning with advance organizers with real world activities can provide meaningful learning experiences for students.
STEM integrated electronic student worksheet to promote conceptual understanding and literacy skills of students
Authors: Asrizal Asrizal , Dier Mutiara , Mardian Vivi , Festiyed Festiyed
Published: October 2023

The development of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 era requires students to have good literacy skills. The preliminary investigations at Senior High School 9 Padang showed that students’ literacy skills were still relatively low. This study investigated the effect of STEM integrated electronic student worksheet (STEM integrated ESW) to promote students’ conceptual understanding and literacy skills. We employed quasi-experimental research with a post-test-only design. A sample consist of 71 students was taken using the cluster random sampling technique. The post-test items and the literacy performance assessment sheet were used as data collection instruments. Data were analyzed using a comparison test of the two means of independent groups. The research revealed that the test on the conceptual understanding aspect obtained a t-test of 5.817. Aspects of data literacy skills obtained z test -6.085. In the aspect of technological literacy skills, the t-test value was obtained at 8.596. The analysis of students’ conceptual understanding and literacy skills showed that the experimental class average was superior to the control class. Thus, STEM integrated ESW has given significantly effects on students’ conceptual understanding and literacy skills. It is hoped that further researchers can develop similar products with different topics to optimize students’ literacy skills.
Development of The Online Assessment Instrument for Fluid, Temperature, and Heat to measure the problem solving skills of high school students
Authors: Agnezi Laura Aliyah , Festiyed
Published: October 2023

Assessing learning is very important. During a pandemic an assessment could not be made directly. Therefore, the development of online-based assessment is still very much needed. In assessing learning, test instruments are needed. The test instrument serves to reveal a fact into data, so that if the instrument used in the study has good quality and is reliable or commonly called valid. Online assessment instruments can be made in various platforms and can be filled with questions that have been developed. This study aims to produce an online assessment instrument for fluid, temperature, and heat materials to measure the problem solving skills of high school students that are valid and reliable. The research conducted is included in the type of research and development (research and development) using the ADDIE design. The subjects of the scale trial were 60 students of class XI IPA. Expert validation data were collected by questionnaire. The trial data were collected by means of essay tests and questionnaires. Determination of the value of expert validity using the Aiken’s V formula. The empirical validity of the instrument was measured using the product moment correlation formula. Instrument reliability was measured using the Cronbach Alpha formula. The results showed that online assessment instruments on fluid, temperature, and heat materials to determine the level of problem solving skills of high school students were included in the valid and reliable categories.
The Practicality of the Physics Module Based on the PjBL Model with a Portfolio Assessment to Improve Students’ Critical Thinking Skills
Authors: Dewi Wahyuni Satria , Safitri Ginanti , Mairizwan
Published: October 2023

21st Century Learning demands that students can think critically, communicate, and have scientific literacy. Efforts made by the Indonesian government to meet these demands are to perfect the 2013 curriculum, which focuses on 4C skills and HOTS students. There are several obstacles in the learning process at school, namely the lack of students’ critical thinking skills in solving problems. The lack of students’ critical thinking skills is because few learning materials are available to help students develop their critical thinking abilities. Learning models haven’t focused on teaching students how to think critically. This project’s goal is to create a physics module using the PjBL model with portfolio assessment to enhance practical critical thinking abilities. The type of research is descriptive research using the Plomp model. The development method in this study is limited to the one-to-one evaluation stage, which is in the development stage, functions to see the practicality of the modules made. The practicality test was carried out after the self-evaluation and expert review stages were previously carried out. Three students in class XI MIPA and two physics professors from class XI at SMA N 8 Mandau participated in the one-on-one practicality test. The data collection instrument was the practicality test sheet. Based on data, the product practicality by the teacher is 94.08% (efficient) and by students 88.9% (efficient). Therefore, it can be concluded that Physics modules are practical, attractive, and efficient learning and benefit teachers and students. This module can be utilized as a learning tool to aid students in honing their critical thinking skills while learning physics, as required by the 2013 curriculum.
The development of STEM integrated scientific inquiry model for promoting grade 9 students’ creative thinking skill and scientific mind in electricity
Authors: Kerdsub Sumonta , Pimvichai Jirutthitikan
Published: October 2023

Although Scientific Inquiry (SI) takes a long root as a pedagogical method of teaching science, it does not explicitly emphasize engineering design process and STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) education. This study aimed to construct a new pedagogical model called STEM Integrated with Scientific Inquiry (STEM-SI) model. This study employed a two-loop Research and Development (R&D). In R&D loop 1, the researchers employed a documentary research with the documents directly related to STEM and SI. Content analysis was used to analyze contents in such documents. The finding yielded that the STEM-SI model was developed and consisted of nine teaching steps: 1) Reviewing, 2) Engaging, 3) Exploring, 4) Designing, 5) Solving, 6) Evaluating and improving, 7) Sharing, 8) Expanding and 9) Applying. These teaching steps were utilized to develop the lesson plans in the Electricity topic for grade 9 students. In R&D loop 2, the research design was a one group pre-test post-test design. The sample was 40 grade 9 students came from Cluster Random Sampling. Two research instruments used were the Creative Thinking Skill Test and the Scientific Mind Questionnaire. The students’ creative thinking skill and the scientific mind were tested with the 70% criteria by using one sample t-test. The results expressed that the STEM-SI model could promote grade 9 students’ creative thinking skill and the scientific mind higher than the set criteria at the .05 statistical significance level. At final, the results from R2 were used to further develop the STEM-SI model and its associated lesson plans.
Acid-Base Learning Outcomes to be Improved Through a Guided Discovery-Based Content Learning System
Authors: Ma’firah Marla , Lubis Amalia Putri , Zainul Rahadian
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this study is to assess the reliability, applicability, and efficacy of the Guided Discovery-Based Content Learning System. Analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation are the five steps of the ADDIE research model, which is the research methodology that was applied. Only steps 1 through 4 have been completed in this study. In order to determine efficacy, the data was gathered using questionnaires, validation sheets, practicality sheets, and pre-test post-test sets. This content-learning system has received 85% validation from three chemical education lecturers at Padang State University and three chemistry instructors from high schools, indicating that the method is valid. Three teachers and one class of 40 students participated in the practicality test. The practicality test result was 84%, indicating that the learning system was extremely useful. The N-Gain score, which displays an average of 79% with intermediate quality, provides evidence of the usefulness of the content learning system in enhancing student learning outcomes. Therefore, it can be said that this content learning system is successful in improving student learning outcomes.
Searches for lepton-flavour violating decays of the Higgs boson into eτ and μτ in √(s) = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector
Authors: Gómez Delegido Antonio Jesús ,   the ATLAS collaboration
Published: October 2023

Direct searches for lepton-flavour-violating decays of the Higgs boson into eτ and μτ final states with the ATLAS detector at the LHC with Run-2 data are presented. Both leptonically and hadronically decaying τ-leptons are included and two different background estimation techniques are employed: a MC-template method, based on data-corrected simulation samples, and a data-driven method, based on exploiting the symmetry between electrons and muons in the Standard Model backgrounds. Observed (Expected) upper limits are set on the branching ratios at 95 % confidence level, ℬ(H → eτ)<0.20 % (0.12 %) and ℬ(H → μτ)<0.18% (0.09 %), and a best-fit branching ratio difference, ℬ(H → μτ) - ℬ(H → eτ), of 0.25 ± 0.10 % is found in the channel where the τ-lepton decays to leptons, compatible with a value of zero within 2.5  σ.
Ultrahigh resolution real-time trajectory imaging of neutron induced particles in a scintillator from lithium-6 plate
Authors: Yamamoto Seiichi , Yoshino Masao , Nakanishi Kohei , Kamada Kei , Yoshikawa Akira , Kataoka Jun
Published: October 2023

It is known that a lithium-6 (6Li) absorbs a neutron
and is divided into a triton and an alpha particle. However, the
trajectories of the produced tritons have not yet been imaged in
real time and high resolution. We developed an ultrahigh-resolution
imaging system that can clearly observe the trajectories of neutron
induced particles in real time. The developed system is based on a
magnifying unit and a cooled electron multiplying charge-coupled
device (EM-CCD) camera combined with a 6Li plate and a Ce-doped
Gd3Al2Ga3O12(GAGG) scintillator plate. Neutrons
from a californium-252 (252Cf) source were irradiated to the
6Li plate, which produced tritons and alpha particles. The
produced tritons or alpha particles entered the GAGG plate and
produced scintillation light along the trajectories. The
scintillation trajectories were magnified by the unit, light
intensified, and imaged by the EM-CCD camera. Using our system, we
could measure the elongated trajectory images of the particles in
real time. Most of these trajectories had Bragg peak like shapes in
the images. The average range was 15 μm and the width was
4.6 μm FWHM. From the ranges we estimated, we found that
these trajectories could be attributed to the induced
tritons. Consequently, the developed real time imaging system is
promising for research on the ultrahigh resolution imaging of
neutron produced particles.
Benefit-cost ratios of carbon dioxide removal strategies
Authors: Cael B B , Goodwin P , Pearce C R , Stainforth D
Published: October 2023

All pathways to achieving the Paris Agreement target of limiting global warming to 1.5 ∘C or 2 ∘C require the large-scale removal of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere. Many CO2 removal (CDR) strategies have been proposed, which vary widely in both price per ton of CO2 removed and storage timescale of this removed CO2, as well as mechanism, maturity, scalability, and other factors. However, it has not yet been thoroughly assessed whether the benefits, in terms of climate change-related damages avoided, of CDR deployment exceeds their cost at current reported prices and storage timescales, or what cost is required for CDR strategies with a given storage timescale to provide net benefits and how these depend on socioeconomic assumptions. For CDR strategies that have long storage (

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500 year) timescales, these questions reduce to whether its price is lower than the social cost of carbon, but here we show for CDR strategies that operate over shorter timescales they also depend on the duration of storage. We demonstrate that for CDR strategies with reported storage timescales of decades to centuries, the benefits of their deployment outweigh their reported costs under middle-of-the-road socioeconomic assumptions, and in some cases their benefits still outweigh their costs under optimistic socioeconomic assumptions. Overall, the benefit-cost ratios of the evaluated CDR strategies vary by more than an order of magnitude, and are strongly influenced by both price and storage timescale. Our results provide a framework that can be used to assess and compare different CDR strategies quantitatively to help guide future research, development, and policy efforts.
Offshore wind power around the Iberian Peninsula: variability, complementarity and added value for the power system
Authors: López-Franca Noelia , Gaertner Miguel Ángel , Gutiérrez Claudia , Gallardo Clemente , Sánchez Enrique , Molina María Ofelia , Ortega María
Published: October 2023

The advances in floating offshore wind energy are opening deep sea areas, like the coastal waters of Iberian Peninsula (IP), for the installation of wind farms. The integration of this new energy source in a semi-closed power system with an already high share of variable renewable energies would be facilitated if the potential contribution of offshore wind energy shows reduced variability and limited seasonal variations, as the power demand in IP shows two maxima in winter and summer. The aims of this study are the analysis of temporal variability and spatial complementarity of the potential installation sites, and the identification of an optimal combination of installation areas that minimizes the temporal variability of the aggregated offshore contribution. In order to better capture the marked mesoscale features of winds around the IP, wind data from a very high resolution reanalysis (COSMO-REA6) are used. The analysis considers allowed areas for installation, delimited by the maritime spatial planning. Northern coast areas are characterized by high capacity factors (CFs) and high seasonality, while the lower CFs at the western and southern coasts are compensated by a limited seasonality. Pairwise correlation between the potential areas shows outstanding results, with several negative correlation values within a synoptic scale region, in contrast to other mid-latitude regions like the North Sea or the Eastern USA coast. An optimal aggregation of areas includes at least one area at each of the four main Iberian coasts. A strong reduction of hourly variability is obtained through the resulting combinations, and the seasonality of the aggregated CF is clearly below the values for other offshore areas. Therefore, offshore wind energy can indeed offer an added value for the Iberian power system beyond the high resource amount, reducing the need for storage or backup plants.
Comments on trace anomaly matching
Authors: Schwimmer Adam , Theisen Stefan
Published: October 2023

The structure of type A and B trace anomalies is reanalyzed in terms of the universal behavior of dimension −2 invariant amplitudes. Based on it a general argument for trace anomaly matching between the unbroken and broken phases of a CFT is given. The structure of moduli trace anomalies and their transformations under source reparametrizations is discussed in detail.
Analysis of Soil Deformation Due to Oil and Gas Exploration and Hydrocarbons Micro Seepage in Ngasem District, Bojonegoro Regency
Authors: Sadewa Wiguna H , Hayati N
Published: October 2023

Land subsidence is the result of the extraction of liquid in the pores of the rock from the compression of the sediment. The decrease occurred due to the exploitation of oil and gas wells in the area which took and caused reduced sediment compression. Aside from the result of excessive extraction of hydrocarbons, hydrocarbon micro seepage can also trigger an anomaly in the ground level. This anomaly is due to the abundance of hydrocarbons in the reservoir and the dynamic nature of oil and gas accumulation, which results in the absence of a perfect rock seal. This study aims to determine the average rate of subsidence in Ngasem District and to analyze the relationship between soil deformation and oil and gas exploration activities and hydrocarbon micro seepage. The method used in this research is InSAR Time Series with LiCSAR Sentinel 1 SLC and Generic data. Atmospheric Correction Online Service (GACOS) which was used from 2014 to. Meanwhile, maps of the distribution of hydrobarone micro seeps were obtained from Exxon Mobil and Exploration Wells for the East Java Basin were obtained from the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources. The results showed that the deformation of the land surface in the Ngasem sub-district was very diverse due to the presence of geological structures, exploration wells and potential seepage of micro-hydrocarbons. From the results of deformation processing in the Ngasem District area, it has the highest rising speed in the study area at 77mm/year while for the greatest decrease at -85 mm/year. Exxon Mobill’s exploration wells experienced a subsidence of -30mm/year, while the potential for micro-hydrocarbon seepage increased by 60mm/year. From the results of the analysis of the decline that occurred in exploration wells due to oil and gas exploitation.
Comparing Gardner-Knopoff, Gruenthal, and Uhrhammer Earthquake Declustering Methods in Aceh, Indonesia
Authors: Juellyan  , Setiawan Bambang , Hasan Muttaqin , Yunita Halida , Sungkar Munira , Saidi Taufiq
Published: October 2023

The sudden release of energy from inside the earth, which generates seismic waves, causes earthquakes on the earth’s surface. Foreshock, mainshock, and aftershock are terms commonly used in this subject. These phrases refer to the three stages of an earthquake event—before the main event, the primary event, and after the main event. The earthquake data catalogue, however, typically does not distinguish between mainshock data and foreshocks/aftershocks. For seismic-related studies, justifying the mainshock is very crucial. There are several methods for separating the mainshock of earthquake data from the foreshocks/aftershocks. This study employs three declustering techniques, including Gardner-Knopoff (1974), Gruenthal, and Uhrhammer (1986). The present study collected and analyzed 3543 earthquake events from 1971 to 2021 for Aceh region. In order to determine which method provides the highest a-value and b-value outcomes for Aceh’s seismicity conditions, this study compares the aforementioned three approaches. The Uhrhammer method (1986) has an a-value of 5.82, a b-value of 1.05, 1893 main shock events, 305 clusters, and 3.3 percent of the total seismic moment generated at that location are the findings from this study. According to the Gruenthal method, the results had an a-value of 4.53, a b-value of 0.823, 776 mainshock events, 304 clusters, and released 1.3 percent of the total seismic moment at that location. a-value of 5.1, b-value of 0.929, 1097 main shock events, 319 clusters, and a release of 1.08 percent of the total seismic moment at that location were the results of the Gardner-Knopoff method (1974). For seismic hazard evaluation with the highest level of risk, the Uhrhammer (1986) technique is appropriate. The Gruenthal approach is suggested for more conservative cases.
Distributions of Chromium, Copper, and Cadmium in the estuary-coastal surface sediment of Tin-Rich Island
Authors: Nurhidayati A U , Cahyarini S Y , Utami D A
Published: October 2023

Belitung Island known as one of the tin producer in the world, as it lied in the South East Asian tin belt. The study was conducted in the North Belitung Island to investigate some metal elements concentration of sediment along the estuary river and coastal area near to carbonate reef environment system. Thirteen sediment samples were collected from estuarine riverbed, shoreline, and offshore of North Belitung. The concentrations of metal elements were analysed to assess the environmental pollution characteristics by using flame AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry) method. The result indicated that the average concentrations of chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), and cadmium (Cd) were 1.62-18.26, 5.72-80.07, and 1.4-4.59 mg/kg dry weight, respectively. The calculation of geo-accumulation index (Igeo) was adopted in this study to evaluate the heavy metal pollution. The Igeo values revealed that this research area has been moderately polluted by Cr and Cu, and unpolluted-moderately polluted by Cd. Based on the contamination level to adverse biological effect, the heavy metals concentration in this research area has the low potential to adverse biological effect by Cr and Cu, and low-moderately potential by Cd. This information is important to lead the study about any other elements and heavy metals to evaluate the risk assessment in the tropical area.