bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Outcomes and Safety of Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors in Reactive Arthritis: A Nationwide Experience from Iceland
Authors: Thorsteinsson Bjarni , Geirsson Arni J. , Krogh Niels S. , Gudbjornsson Bjorn
Published: February 2020

Objective.

Reactive arthritis (ReA) is a spondyloarthritis triggered by a bacterial infection. In cases where nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs have failed, biologics such as tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) have been used. However, limited evidence exists of the efficacy and safety of these drugs in ReA. We report on Icelandic patients with ReA who have been treated with TNFi, their characteristics, outcomes, and safety.

Methods.

We conducted an observational cohort study using the Icelandic nationwide database of biologic therapy (ICEBIO) supplemented with a retrospective study of electronic health record (EHR) data. Drug efficacy was assessed using disease activity scores and standardized questionnaires within ICEBIO; safety was assessed using ICEBIO and EHR data.

Results.

Thirty-eight patients with ReA were registered in the database. Eight were given TNFi within 1 year of symptom onset. At 6 and 18 months, there was a significant reduction in C-reactive protein (CRP), tender and swollen joints, visual analog scale for pain and fatigue, 28-joint count Disease Activity Score 28 based on CRP, Clinical Disease Activity Index, and Health Assessment Questionnaire scores. Seventy-one to 90% of patients were considered treatment responders. Two patients were able to stop biologics owing to remission. During the 303 patient-years (mean 8, range 1–15) biologics were given, 6 hospital admissions for infections were noted.

Conclusion.

TNFi are safe and effective in ReA, but treatment tends to be prolonged. Further clinical trials are urgently needed in ReA.
Quand la Chine structure le nouvel écosystème mondial des technologies vertes
Authors: Ruet Joël
Published: February 2020

La percée chinoise dans les technologies environnementales est le fruit d’une stratégie d’État systémique, fondée sur des outils complémentaires : une politique scientifique d’intégration technologique ; des politiques industrielles pour attirer et développer les technologies choisies par l’État ; des réglementations régulièrement révisées pour fixer durablement les entreprises étrangères tout en sinisant progressivement l’écosystème ; une diplomatie économique et une finance verte pour asseoir un avantage compétitif mondial…
Autonomie, responsabilité, subsidiarité : peut-on libérer les énergies dans les entreprises ?
Authors: Weil Thierry , Dubey Anne-Sophie , Richer Martin
Published: February 2020

Avec des motivations diverses et selon des modalités variées, des entreprises décident de mettre en place plus de subsidiarité : renforcer le pouvoir de chaque collaborateur d’agir sur le contenu de son travail, de délibérer sur les objectifs et l’organisation de son service, voire sur ceux de l’entreprise. Pour que cette innovation managériale ne tourne pas court, elle ne peut se borner à un simple lâcher-prise du dirigeant. Les travaux d’une équipe de MINES ParisTech permettent de dépasser les prescriptions simplistes.
Accompagner à plusieurs voix le deuil périnatal, ou l’obéissance au transfert
Authors: Chesnel Jonathan
Published: February 2020

Hors des protocoles normalisés, ce récit témoigne de l’importance d’un accompagnement personnalisé à plusieurs voix. Quand la demande de soin déborde les procédures habituelles, la façon d’y répondre concerne, en profondeur, l’éthique. Surtout lorsque fin de vie et début de la vie se confondent presque…
Une patiente actrice dans son combat
Authors: Lamotte d’Incamps Florence
Published: February 2020

J’ai accepté de partager mon expérience de patiente atteinte d’un cancer du sein pour proposer quelques pistes de réflexion sur une situation très complexe : qu’est-ce que le patient veut savoir ? Quel niveau de compréhension lui donner ? Que dire des traitements ? Des examens ? Avoir l’audace de témoigner, par cet article, d’une expérience traumatisante, est une manière de remercier, de témoigner ma gratitude aux médecins grâce auxquels je vais bien aujourd’hui.
Michel Le Nobletz, pasteur et mystique
Authors: Queinnec Hervé
Published: February 2020

Michel Le Nobletz (1577-1652) est bien connu des historiens du christianisme comme inventeur d’une méthode catéchétique originale reposant sur des « tableaux énigmatiques » et des cartes géographiques servant à illustrer, à travers une profusion de symboles, l’enseignement du Concile de Trente. Cet article entend montrer qu’il fut également un mystique et un maître de vie spirituelle, désireux d’expliquer à ses disciples de Douarnenez et du Conquet que la vie d’oraison est possible hors des cloîtres, et cherchant à leur faire gravir les différents degrés de la vie mystique. Formé par les Jésuites, mais influencé par d’autres écoles spirituelles, Michel Le Nobletz s’inscrit dans le vaste mouvement de renouveau catholique de la première moitié du xviie siècle français. La doctrine exposée dans les « déclarations » de ses cartes peintes développe deux thèmes principaux : le « mépris du monde » et la conversion du cœur.
Nursing Management of Patients Requiring Acute Mechanical Circulatory Support Devices
Authors: Asber Samantha R. , Shanahan Kenneth P. , Lussier Leslie , Didomenico Dorothy , Davis Marissa , Eaton Jennifer , Esposito Michele , Kapur Navin K.
Published: February 2020

Topic

The growing use of acute mechanical circulatory support devices to provide hemodynamic support that has accompanied the increasing prevalence of heart failure and cardiogenic shock, despite significant improvement in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction.

Clinical Relevance

The critical care nurse plays a crucial role in managing patients receiving acute mechanical circulatory support devices and monitoring for potential complications.

Purpose

To review the anatomical placement and mechanics of each type of device so that nurses can anticipate patients’ hemodynamic responses and avoid complications whenever possible, thereby improving patients’ clinical outcomes.

Content Covered

Nursing considerations regarding the intra-aortic balloon pump, the TandemHeart, the Impella, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.
Intra-abdominal Hypertension and the Open Abdomen: Nursing Guidelines From the Abdominal Compartment Society
Authors: Lee Rosemary K. , Gallagher John J. , Ejike Janeth Chiaka , Hunt Leanne
Published: February 2020

Intra-abdominal hypertension has been identified as an independent risk factor for death in critically ill patients. Known risk factors for intra-abdominal hypertension indicate that intra-abdominal pressures should be measured and monitored. The Abdominal Compartment Society has identified medical and surgical interventions to relieve intra-abdominal hypertension or to manage the open abdomen if abdominal compartment syndrome occurs. The purpose of this article is to describe assessments and interventions for managing intra-abdominal hypertension and open abdomen that are within the scope of practice for direct-care nurses. These guidelines provide direction to critical care nurses caring for these patients.
Evaluation of a Nasoenteral Feeding Tube With Balloon to Facilitate Placement
Authors: Gabriel Sabry , Ackermann Richard , Gabriel Samy , Ackermann Caleb , Swadener-Culpepper Leslie
Published: February 2020

Background

Enteral feeding is essential for critically ill, head trauma, and burn patients who are unable to swallow.

Objective

To evaluate a new nasoenteral feeding tube with distal tip balloon designed to facilitate post-pyloric migration and avoid misplacement in the trachea.

Methods

A case series was conducted in 50 critically ill patients aged 19 to 89 years receiving mechanical ventilation and requiring enteral nutrition in a teaching hospital. Patients received a soft, flexible, kink-resistant nasoenteral feeding tube with a balloon near the distal tip to enhance postpyloric migration by peristalsis. The feeding tube was inserted with a novel thread technique to reduce posterior nasopharyngeal trauma and tube misplacement. Pulse oximetry provided early detection of misplacement into the trachea. Placement was verified by abdominal radiography performed shortly after the procedure and repeated within 24 hours if needed.

Results

Postpyloric placement was achieved at 30 minutes in 24% of patients and by the following morning in 70% of patients. Tracheal intubation occurred in 1 patient but was recognized and corrected without injury. No tube occlusion from kinking occurred.

Conclusions

Early gastric or postpyloric feeding can be provided with this novel feeding tube. Its use facilitates quick bedside recognition of accidental misplacement in the trachea, reducing the chance of pneumothorax. The tip balloon reduces deeper placement into a lung and promotes distal migration into the small intestine. The design prevents occlusion from kinking, which is common with conventional feeding tubes. Nurses easily adopted the tube and insertion technique.
Protecting Patient Safety and Preventing Modifiable Complications After Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Tamburri Linda M. , Hollender Kimberly D. , Orzano Devon
Published: February 2020

Topic

Protecting patient safety and preventing modifiable complications after acute ischemic stroke.

Clinical Relevance

Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability in adults. Stroke survivors often experience a variety of deficits related to mobility, nutrition, immunity, mood, and cognition. These post-stroke complications and residual effects can adversely affect safety, placing the patient at risk for further injury. In order to develop a plan of care that protects patient safety, critical care and progressive care nurses must understand the unique needs of this patient population.

Purpose

To describe selected ischemic stroke–related physiological changes, how these changes contribute to safety risks, and methods of enhancing patient safety.

Content Covered

Stroke physiology and stroke-specific interventions that can enable nurses to reduce the risk of falls, dysphagia, malnutrition, dehydration, altered glucose metabolism, device-related infections, aspiration pneumonia, delirium, and depression.
Hīnātore: Upskilling Māori and Pacific Workplace Learners
Authors: Alkema Anne
Published: February 2020

Hīnātore: Upskilling Māori and Pacific workplace learners research project investigated the development of employees who undertook literacy and numeracy programmes in their workplaces, during work time. This paper describes the findings from the project in relation to the processes used in the programmes and outcomes for these employees in eight workplaces. It describes ako (teaching and learning processes); mahi (work), how workplaces support learning and employees’ changed ways of working after a programme; and how learning is taken into and contributes to whānau/aiga (family) lives.
What we do with words, and what they do with us
Authors: St Clair Ralf
Published: February 2020

This is an invited paper based on the keynote presentation that Professor Ralf St Clair made at the 2019 Australian Council for Adult Literacy Conference in Sydney, Australia on 4 October.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Mathematics Research, Vol. 12, No. 1
Authors: Wang Sophia
Published: February 2020

Journal of Mathematics Research wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal is greatly appreciated.

Many authors, regardless of whether Journal of Mathematics Research publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers.

Reviewers for Volume 12, Number 1

 

Ahmed Saad Rashed, Zagazig University, Egypt

Bachioua Lahcene, University of Hail, Saudi Arabia

Chung-Chuan Chen, National Taichung University of Education, Taiwan

Cibele Cristina Trinca Watanabe, Federal University of Tocantins (UFT), Brazil

Denis Khleborodov, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia

Francisco Bulnes, Research Department in Mathematics and Engineering, TESCHA, Mexico

Gabriela Ciuperca, University Lyon 1, France

Gane Sam Lo, Universite Gaston Berger de Saint-Louis, Senegal

Gener Santiago Subia, Wesleyan University, Philippines

Guy Biyogmam, Georgia College & State University, USA

Hayat REZGUI, Ecole normale Supérieure de Kouba, Algeria

Kuldeep Narain Mathur, University Utara Malaysia, Malaysia

Maria Alessandra Ragusa, University of Catania, Italy

Mashadi Ali, Riau University, Indonesia

Mustapha El Moudden, Moulay Ismail University, Morocco

Omur Deveci, Kafkas University, Turkey

Philip Yordanoff Philipoff, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bulgaria

Rami Ahmad El-Nabulsi, Athens Institute for Education and Research, Greece

Sanjib Kumar Datta, University of Kalyani, India

Sergiy Koshkin, University of Houston Downtown, USA

Sofian Obeidat, University of Hail, Jordan

Xingbo WANG, Foshan University, China

Yaqin Feng, Ohio University, USA

 

Sophia Wang

On behalf of,

The Editorial Board of Journal of Mathematics Research

Canadian Center of Science and Education
Assessment of the Xpert assay among adult pulmonary tuberculosis suspects with and without diabetes mellitus
Authors: Deshmukh S. , Atre S. , Chavan A. , Raskar S. , Sawant T. , Mave V. , Gupte N. , Gaikwad S. , Sahasrabudhe T. , Barthwal M. , Kakrani A. , Kagal A. , Gupta A. , Bharadwaj R. , Pradhan N. , Dharmshale S. , Golub J.
Published: February 2020

SETTING: Pune and Pimpri-Chinchwad Municipal Corporation area, Maharashtra State, India.OBJECTIVE: To assess the sensitivity and specificity of the Xpert® MTB/RIF assay among adults with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and with or without diabetes
(DM).DESIGN: As part of a prospective cohort study, we screened 2359 adults presumed to have PTB with no history of TB. All individuals underwent testing for two sputum smears, culture, Xpert, glycated haemoglobin and fasting blood sugar. We calculated sensitivity and specificity
of Xpert by comparing it with TB sputum culture result as a gold standard.RESULTS: Among screened individuals, 483 (20%) were diagnosed with DM and 1153 (49%) with pre-DM; 723 (31%) had no DM. Overall sensitivity of Xpert was 96% (95%CI 95–97) and specificity was 91% (95%CI
89–93). Xpert sensitivity was significantly higher among DM group (98%) than in the ‘No DM' (95%; P < 0.01) and pre-DM (96%; P < 0.05) groups. Among sputum smear-negative individuals, Xpert sensitivity was higher in the DM group than in the No DM (92% vs. 82%;
P = 0.054) and pre-DM group (92% vs. 82%; P = 0.037).CONCLUSION: High sensitivity and specificity of Xpert underscores the need for its rapid scale up for the early detection of TB in settings with a high dual burden of TB and DM.
Neuroinflammation after Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Potential Therapeutic Targets
Authors: Tschoe Christine , Bushnell Cheryl D. , Duncan Pamela W. , Alexander-Miller Martha A. , Wolfe Stacey Q.
Published: February 2020

Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a catastrophic illness causing significant morbidity and mortality. Despite advances in surgical technique addressing primary brain injury caused by ICH, little progress has been made treating the subsequent inflammatory cascade. Pre-clinical studies have made advancements identifying components of neuroinflammation, including microglia, astrocytes, and T lymphocytes. After cerebral insult, inflammation is initially driven by the M1 microglia, secreting cytokines (e.g., interleukin-1β [IL-1β] and tumor necrosis factor-α) that are involved in the breakdown of the extracellular matrix, cellular integrity, and the blood brain barrier. Additionally, inflammatory factors recruit and induce differentiation of A1 reactive astrocytes and T helper 1 (Th1) cells, which contribute to the secretion of inflammatory cytokines, augmenting M1 polarization and potentiating inflammation. Within 7 days of ICH ictus, the M1 phenotype coverts to a M2 phenotype, key for hematoma removal, tissue healing, and overall resolution of inflammation. The secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-4, IL-10) can drive Th2 cell differentiation. M2 polarization is maintained by the secretion of additional anti-inflammatory cytokines by the Th2 cells, suppressing M1 and Th1 phenotypes. Elucidating the timing and trigger of the anti-inflammatory phenotype may be integral in improving clinical outcomes. A challenge in current translational research is the absence of an equivalent disease animal model mirroring the patient population and comorbid pathophysiologic state. We review existing data and describe potential therapeutic targets around which we are creating a bench to bedside translational research model that better reflects the pathophysiology of ICH patients.
Levantamento de insetos aquáticos: auxílio para adoção de práticas sustentáveis em propriedades leiteiras
Authors: Ehlert Bruna , Rempel Claudete , Dalzochio Marina Schmidt
Published: February 2020

A alta produtividade da pecuária leiteira pode afetar a qualidade da água dos recursos hídricos, por meio da contaminação de nutrientes e de substâncias químicas despejadas diretamente nos seus cursos d’água. A vegetação ciliar que compõe as Áreas de Preservação Permanente (APP) destes ecossistemas aquáticos também é prejudicada devido a ocupação do gado leiteiro em suas margens. Este artigo se propõe a destacar algumas reflexões teóricas em torno de como os resultados obtidos por meio do levantamento dos insetos aquáticos nos ambientes lóticos inseridos dentro das propriedades leiteiras podem contribuir para os desafios da busca pela sustentabilidade. Para tanto foi realizada uma revisão da literatura do tipo narrativa, para a qual foram selecionados 21 publicações nas bases Periódicos CAPES, Scielo, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), Science.com e da Embrapa - Pesquisa Agropecuária, através dos quais emergiram três categorias de análise: a) Mercado leiteiro e a globalização; b) processo de Governança na pecuária leiteira; c) Insetos aquáticos como bioindicadores para atingir a sustentabilidade ambiental. As categorias analisadas neste trabalho ressaltam a importância da produção leiteira para a economia local e global, além da sua relevância social que deve ser fortalecida através do processo de governança.  As análises também evidenciaram a necessidade da implantação da sustentabilidade dentro das propriedades leiteiras, a fim de proporcionar uma melhora da qualidade ambiental dos recursos naturais, gerando assim um aperfeiçoamento da qualidade do leite ofertada pelo produtor rural.
Critical Analysis of the Applicability of the ISO 9001 Standard in Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Kamusoko Reckson
Published: February 2020

This paper analyses the applicability of the ISO 9001 standard in higher education institutions (HEIs). The ISO 9001standard, initially developed for application in industry, sets the requirements for implementing a quality management system (QMS) in an organisation. Over the years, the standard has been adapted to the higher education (HE) sector as a model for quality assurance and enhancement. In this study, the standard is analysed based on a framework with the following variables; 1) Importance of the philosophy of the standard in HE, 2) Suitability to HE, 3) Ease of implementation, 4) Effect on quality assurance and enhancement and 5) Effect on quality culture. The mechanisms of how the standard affects quality management are also presented. The analysis shows that ISO 9001 is based on a philosophy that resonates with general approaches to quality assurance in HEIs. The seven principles of the standard provide a good base for an effective QMS. The standard is suitable to HEIs as its provisions can be adapted to the peculiarities of this sector. Although there is some considerable workload exerted by the standard, it can be applied with ease. There is both theoretical and empirical basis for the standard to embolden quality assurance and enhancement in HE. Both academic provision and administrative services can benefit from the standard. The standard can promote and strengthen quality culture in HEIs, more so where staff show deep engagement with the processes of the standard. It is concluded that the ISO 9001 standard provides a framework for a QMS that is applicable to the HE sector.
The Impact of Ghana's HE Governance and Regulatory Framework on Financial Sustainability
Authors: Ayam Justice Ray Achoanya
Published: February 2020

Higher education governance, legal and regulatory regimes in Ghana remain an important factor in the ever-complex higher educational landscape and its attendant funding challenges. The increased global demand for higher education reforms further strengthens the importance of higher education governance, legal and regulatory framework role in assuring sustainable funding of higher education. The purpose of this study is to measure the relationship between the governance and regulatory variables influence on financial sustainability. The research work utilises quantitative research methodology with a well validated research instrument to undertake this correlational study. The study outcome revealed a statistically significant relationship between the combined effects of the variables whiles two out of the eight variables were found be significant in predicting best fit equation for financial sustainability. The research recommendations should afford higher education practitioners the opportunity to undertake relevant reforms of the current governance, legal and regulatory practices in the country.
O językowych i retorycznych środkach służących tworzeniu opozycji „MY” kontra „ONI” w paskach informacyjnych „Wiadomości”
Authors: Mormol Paulina , Kuraś-Szczepanek Klaudia
Published: February 2020

Paski informacyjne, stanowiące często swoisty rodzaj komentarza do przedstawianych wydarzeń, stały się na przestrzeni ostatnich kilkunastu lat nieodłącznym elementem najpopularniejszych serwisów informacyjnych. Jak wynika z badań przeprowadzonych niedawno przez Radę Języka Polskiego, paski informacyjne serwisu „Wiadomości”, będącego sztandarowym programem Telewizji Polskiej, spełniają obecnie głównie 3 funkcje językowe, mianowicie perswazyjną, kreacyjną i ekspresywną, podczas gdy funkcja informacyjna znajduje się na dalszym planie. Niniejszy artykuł stanowi analizę środków retorycznych i językowych, używanych w celu podkreślenia różnic występujących pomiędzy zwolennikami wartości promowanych przez Telewizję Polską, a środowiskami stojącymi w opozycji do wyżej wymienionych ideałów. Materiał badawczy stanowi wybór pasków informacyjnych wyświetlanych w ciągu ostatnich kilku miesięcy w serwisie informacyjnym “Wiadomości”.Materiał badawczy stanowił wybór pasków informacyjnych wyświetlanych w ciągu ostatnich kilku miesięcy w serwisie informacyjnym “Wiadomości”, który został kolejno posegregowany i zanalizowany. Eksploracja korpusu pozwoliła wyróżnić najczęściej stosowane środki językowe i retoryczne spotykane w badanych nagłówkach, pośród których prym wiedzie pozytywne i negatywne wartościowanie. Uzyskane informacje pozwoliły z kolei pokazać, jak język, stanowiący dobro narodowe wszystkich Polaków, jest wykorzystywany do tworzenia i wzmacniania podziałów w społeczeństwie.
Synthesis, Characterization, Antibacterial and Thermal Studies of Cu(II) Complex of Thiophene-2- aldehyde Semicarbazone
Authors: Sarker Dipta , Reza Md. Yeamin , Haque Md. Masuqul , Zamir Rausan , Asraf Md. Ali
Published: February 2020

Copper (II) complex of the ligand, thiophene-2-aldehyde semicarbazone was synthesized and characterized. Their structures were explored on the basis of CHN analysis, conductance and magnetic susceptibility measurements, spectral studies (FT-infrared and ESI-MS) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). It has been observed from spectral and analytical studies, the copper complex have the composition of [CuL(CH3COO)2(H2O)] [where L is thiophene-2-aldehyde semicarbazone]. The electrospray mass spectrum of the ligand and complex exhibited ion at mass-to charge ratio (m/z) of 169.13 and 368.86 matching the calculated values for the molecular ion of the ligand and complex, respectively. One mole of the ligand behaves as bidentate chelating agents around the Cu(II) ion. From conductivity studies, we obtained that the copper complex of the ligand, thiophene-2-aldehyde semicarbazone had no ionic properties. All data confirmed a trigonal bipyramidal geometry of the complex. Antibacterial activity of the compounds against the microbe Enterobacter aerogenes and Bacillus cereus have been screened to reflect that the complex has higher antimicrobial activity than the free ligand.
Perception of Environmental Effects of Weedicide Use in Oil Palm Production by Farmers in Denkyembour District, Ghana
Authors: M. Swanzy F. K. , K. M. Sosu E. , O. Danso W.
Published: February 2020

Oil palm farmers ‘weed management practices, awareness and their perception about the effects of weedicides’ use on the environment were studied. Data were collected from the oil palm farmers in the Denkyembour District of the Eastern Region of Ghana. One hundred and Thirty (130) private and independent small scale oil palm farmers were purposively selected from the communities and were interviewed. The purposive sampling technique was preferred for this study to select the farmers who are using herbicides on their farms. Interview schedule was used to obtain data from the farmers. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Findings revealed that a wide variety of weedicides were used by the farmers. A high level of awareness on the risks associated with the use of weedicide was found among the respondents. Most of the respondents (92%) used Glyphosate based weedicides for their weed management activities. However, (60%) of the farmers were not aware that re-entry into a sprayed farm within a short time can expose them to weedicide injuries. Farmers showed favourable attitudes about the risk of weedicide usage.  The intensification of extension services to educate farmers on safe use of weedicide in oil palm production is recommended. This study serves as a platform to carry out more survey on weedicide usage across the country.
Empirical Investigation of Effective Management of Working Capital on Firm Performance: Evidence from the Nigerian Agricultural Sector
Authors: E. Peter Ayunku , Nelson Johnny
Published: February 2020

The focus of this study is to find out the link between working capital management and firm performance in agriculture firms listed in the Nigerian stock exchange. The research used yearly data for Livestock Feeds Plc from 2002 to 2018 and Okomo oil company Plc from 2007 to 2018. The study employed cash conversion cycle, account payables, account receivables and inventory turnover as stimulus variables with earnings per share as outcome variable. The data was analyzed employing descriptive statistics, ADF unit root test and regression technique. The study revealed that, earnings per share and working capital management represented by account receivables is found to be positive and statistically significant for the both companies used for the study. The association between earnings per share and account payables is found to be negative and statistically insignificant for the both companies. The connection between cash conversion cycle and earnings per share is positive and statistically significant for the both firms. The relationship between inventory management and earnings per share in Livestock Feeds Plc is negative and not statistically significant but that of Okomo oil company Plc is positive but not statistically significant. The overall equation was statistically significant for both firms judging from their R2 and F-statistics. Based on the findings, it is concluded that efficient management of working capital has influence on firm performance. Therefore, it is recommended for financial managers in agricultural firms to periodically review firm’s accounts receivables and payables. Also Sales, purchases and inventory units must work as a team to ensure that an optimal inventory level is maintained.
Why did Medical Graduates Appreciate Mentored Student Project? Perspectives of Two Theories
Authors: Moe Soe , Nu Nu Htay Mila , Htoo Kyaw Soe Htoo , Pal Sudipta , Bin Lutfi Abas Adinegara
Published: February 2020

Background: Medical doctors have to develop in professionalism in addition to become competent in clinical skills. Therefore, educators in Melaka Manipal Medical College have inculcated personal and professional development (PPD) projects into medical curriculums. The projects were in the form of Role Plays/Narratives/Creative writing and Mentored Student Project (MSP). Short terms outcomes of the projects were evaluated, and the research disclosed the positive effect of all PPDs on medical students. However, the long-term effect was yet to be evaluated. The findings of the previous study have not explained why those PPD projects are successful. While twenty fresh medical graduates were asked to reflect on one best learning experience as a qualitative evaluation of the programme, students’ appreciation of MSP disclosed. This study aimed to explore the students’ reflection to identify the reasons for their appreciation of MSP and the long-term effect of it.

Study Design: Qualitative research.

Methodology: Three reflective writings by fresh graduates were analyzed using the interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA) approach. Students expressed their conscious perceptions about MSP in the form of words in their reflections. The researcher carefully read the reflections and interpret the words and phrases to catch the students’ perception of MSP.

Results: The qualitative analysis revealed the reasons for participating in MSP and their appreciation about MSP. The main reason for students’ participation in MSP was to fulfill the requirement of the medical programme although one student mentioned that she was interested in MSP due to the nature of MSP. Four themes were formulated as reasons for their appreciation of MSP: (1) having an opportunity to choose their research topic, (2) the presence of a mentor to guide each student group, (3) opportunity for the poster presentation on results of MSP and (4) satisfaction with the overall outcome of the MSP.

Conclusion: This study highlights the long-term impacts of MSP on students which matched with the expected learning outcomes set by Ministry of Education Malaysia. The analysis disclosed not only the outcome but also the process of MSP contribute for its success.
Discrete Event Simulation of Clients Flow in Ante-natal Clinic
Authors: Abubakar Aisha M. , Adamu Ali , Abdulkadir Ahmed , Abdulkadir Hassan S.
Published: February 2020

Clients (expecting mothers) wait for hours in ante-natal clinic to receive medical service – waiting before, during or after being served. This study deals with a dynamic queuing system. Results of the study evaluate the effectiveness of queuing simulation model by identifying the ante-natal clinic queuing system parameters in terms of server utilization, usage, and clients flow time. The study uses the Simmer package in R for Discrete-event Simulation of the clients' flow in the system. The study showed that the resources are highly utilized with a bottleneck at the Doctors station, with constant service time for all clients, and long waiting time in the system. By replicating the parameters or replicate the model execution, once, with different initial conditions (by adding resources) and then performing another simulation over the output, the result showed that the resources are utilized with no bottlenecks at each server station, constant activity and flow time for all clients (expecting mothers). Hence, the model has proved to be accurate and efficient. This will help the clinic to utilize the resources and reduce long flow time.
The Gain in Antimalarial Vaccine
Authors: Ahmad A. M. Meer
Published: February 2020

With reference my article ‘How Malaria is Practically Eradicated in Malaysia – A Reminiscence’ (AJRID, Jan 6, 2020), me seem to have left out writing on the present availability, role and impact of vaccines against malaria.

The only approved vaccine RTS,S, known by the trade name Mosquirix is launched in 2019 in a WHO-led implementation program piloting the vaccine, among children aged not more than 2 years, in three high-malaria countries in Africa. The vaccine has a relatively low efficacy at 26 – 50% - thus, the WHO do not recommend the vaccine in infants aged 6 to 12 weeks. It is given in 3 doses between 5 and 9 months of age and the fourth-dose at around 2 years old.

Said the WHO Director-General, ‘The malaria vaccine could save tens of thousands of children’s lives’.

In spite of the low-efficacy, the vaccine is safe and prevents 30% of severe malaria causing death and prevents 60% of cases of severe malaria anaemia, the most common reason children die from malaria.

The pilot-programme aim to reach around 360,000 children annually in the three country, focusing on areas with moderate-to-high malaria-transmission.

The programme is designed to provide evidence and experience toward WHO policy-recommendations on the wider use of the vaccine. The programme aim to monitor reductions in child deaths, vaccine-uptake, including whether parents are compliant.

The author find a need to write on the result of the Phase III Trial of the vaccine to be used, the RTS,S, beside outlining the basic on malaria-vaccine development.

Finally, the remaining vaccine(s) in development are talked on.
Embracing Radicalism and Extremism in Indonesia with the Beauty of Islam
Authors: Nur Iffatin , Nawawie A. Hasyim , Fajarwati Hiba , Chusna Hani
Published: February 2020

The phenomena of radicalism and extremism in religiosity, especially are a global trend. They are widespread easily due to technological advancement, especially in the information and communication fields. This study tries to explore the mainstreaming of Islamic moderation in encountering such phenomena in Indonesia. It is qualitative research employing the documentary technique for collecting data, then analyzing them through discourse and content analysis. The results of this study indicate that, based on awareness of the reality of the struggle between radical extremism and the moderate Islam in today's global world, the portrait of "the beauty of Islam" consisting a blend of truth, goodness and beauty and a recognition to the highest respect of the preservation of man’s religion, soul, offspring, intelligence and wealth, need to be probed and presented forward. Indonesia, - a country with the largest Muslim population and rich in diversity,- can become a role model in countering radicalism and extremism by disseminating the practices of moderate Islam to its adherents.
Extraction, Isolation and Characterization of Phytoconstituents in Urginea wightii
Authors: Raj M. Smitha , Kameshwari M. N. Shiva
Published: February 2020

The Urginea wightii is a well-established squill. The therapeutic activity is determined by the presence of pharmacological component present in the crude extract of Urginea wightii. To screen these active herbal components in a single plant material it requires a sophisticated, sensitive and a reliable analytical technique. As a preliminary screening study infrared spectrum provided information related to active functional groups of bulbous extract. This encouraging result evoked us for further accurate detailing of chemical components by advanced analytical techniques like liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy (LC-MS) and Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The identified chemical constituents with possible molecular structures of pharmacological activity by LC-MS was found to be stigmasterol, hexadecanoic acid methyl ester and 1,3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2- hexadecenol. Similarly, when 1H NMR was performed an interesting molecule (2,3-dihydro-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one) having potential capability in destroying free radicals (antioxidant) was obtained. The comprehensive and qualitative characterization of these bioactive compounds present in Urginea wightii can be a useful in treating vast disease conditions. This investigation paves the way to explore researchers for further use of Urginea wightii as sources of medicinally interesting compound.
A Critical Evaluation of Natural Gas-water Formula Correlations
Authors: Aimikhe V. J. , A. Adeyemi M.
Published: February 2020

The performance evaluation of fourteen (14) formula correlations for predicting the water content of natural gas in equilibrium with water, and the suitability of some of these correlations in predicting the water content of natural gas in equilibrium with hydrates, has been presented. Also presented was an evaluation of acid gas and gravity correction factor correlations. The evaluation was achieved by using the cubic plus association equation of state - CPA EoS, published experimental water content data from a tuneable diode laser adsorption spectrometer, and data from the gas processors supplier’s association (GPSA) chart, to validate the results of the correlations. The results of the validation showed that for the prediction of the water content of natural gas in equilibrium with water, the Bukacek correlation was best suited for low pressures of 1 and 2.5 MPa at a temperature range of 9 to 58°C. The modified ideal model (MIM) correlation was the best for pressures of 5 and 10 MPa, at temperature range of 30 to 89.6°C The Aimikhe correlation was best suited for pressures of 7.5 MPa, at a temperature range of 30 to 86°C, while the Khaled’s correlation performed better for high pressures of 25 and 50 MPa, at a temperature range of 30 to 91.5°C. The Maddox correction factor had better accuracy than other acid gas correction factors when accounting for the presence of acid gases. The Mohammadi or Chapoy gravity correction factors were the best correlations for accounting for the presence of heavy components in natural gas. For processed methane-rich natural gas in equilibrium with hydrates at a temperature range of -20 to 10°C, the Lin correlation was best suited for pressures of 2.5 and 5 MPa while the MIM correlation performed better at pressures of 7.5, 15 and 20 MPa.
Size- and age-dependent increases in tree stem carbon concentration: implications for forest carbon stock estimations
Authors: Ma Su-Hui , Eziz Anwar , Tian Di , Yan Zheng-Bing , Cai Qiong , Jiang Min-Wei , Ji Cheng-Jun , Fang Jing-Yun
Published: February 2020

Aims

Forest biomass carbon (C) stocks are usually estimated by multiplying biomass by a C conversion factor, i.e. C concentration. Thus, tree C concentration is crucial to the assessments of forest C cycles. As stems contribute to the large fraction of tree biomass, the canonical value of 50% or other simplified values of stem C concentration are widely used to represent the values of tree C concentration in the estimations of forest C stocks at different scales. However, C concentration variations between tree organs and within tree size and their impacts on forest C stocks are still unclear.

Methods

We conducted a global analysis of organ C concentration in age-specific trees based on 576 records of tree age, size (diameter at breast height and biomass) and C concentration data to evaluate the relationships between organ C concentrations and the changes of stem C concentration with tree age and size.

Important Findings

Tree C concentration varied significantly with organs. Stem C concentration of trees was significantly correlated with that of other tree organs, except for barks and reproductive organs. The stem C concentration increased significantly with tree size and age, which contributed to the increases in C contents of stems and trees. Using the C concentration in stems to represent the C concentrations of other organs and the whole tree could produce considerable errors in the estimations of forest C stocks (−8.6% to 25.6% and −2.5% to 5.9%, respectively). Our findings suggest that tree C accumulation in forests is related to the size- and age-dependent increases in stem C concentration and using specific C concentration values of tree organs can improve the estimations of forest C stocks.
Neuroma of the appendix, a rare cause of appendicitis and an important reason for close follow-up
Authors: Molina Gabriel A , Torres Marco Alejandro , Montenegro Mauro Santiago , Sánchez Gery Daniel , Arcia Alberto Carlos , Enríquez Juan José , Ayala Andres Vinicio , Orejuela Monica Elizabeth
Published: February 2020

Acute appendicitis is the most common surgical pathology worldwide, frequently, the patient history and clinical examination are so similar to other appendicular pathologies that preoperative diagnosis is almost impossible for the medical team. Neuroma of the appendix is a rare tumor of neural origin that usually resembles the symptoms of acute appendicitis. Pathology along with close follow-ups are key, as the diagnosis is based on the presence of nerve neuronal cells in the appendicular lumen. Surgical treatment is recommended due to the possibility of malignancy. We present a case of a 32-year-old male patient who presented with symptoms of acute abdomen, surgery was performed and appendectomy was completed. Neuroma of the appendix was the final diagnosis.
Macroalgal–bacterial interactions: identification and role of thallusin in morphogenesis of the seaweed Ulva (Chlorophyta)
Authors: Alsufyani Taghreed , Califano Gianmaria , Deicke Michael , Grueneberg Jan , Weiss Anne , Engelen Aschwin H , Kwantes Michiel , Mohr Jan Frieder , Ulrich Johann F , Wichard Thomas
Published: February 2020

Macroalgal microbiomes have core functions related to biofilm formation, growth, and morphogenesis of seaweeds. In particular, the growth and development of the sea lettuce Ulva spp. (Chlorophyta) depend on bacteria releasing morphogenetic compounds. Under axenic conditions, the macroalga Ulva mutabilis develops a callus-like phenotype with cell wall protrusions. However, co-culturing with Roseovarius sp. (MS2) and Maribacter sp. (MS6), which produce various stimulatory chemical mediators, completely recovers morphogenesis. This ecological reconstruction forms a tripartite community which can be further studied for its role in cross-kingdom interactions. Hence, our study sought to identify algal growth- and morphogenesis-promoting factors (AGMPFs) capable of phenocopying the activity of Maribacter spp. We performed bioassay-guided solid-phase extraction in water samples collected from U. mutabilis aquaculture systems. We uncovered novel ecophysiological functions of thallusin, a sesquiterpenoid morphogen, identified for the first time in algal aquaculture. Thallusin, released by Maribacter sp., induced rhizoid and cell wall formation at a concentration of 11 pmol l−1. We demonstrated that gametes acquired the iron complex of thallusin, thereby linking morphogenetic processes with intracellular iron homeostasis. Understanding macroalgae–bacteria interactions permits further elucidation of the evolution of multicellularity and cellular differentiation, and development of new applications in microbiome-mediated aquaculture systems.
The M31/M33 tidal interaction: a hydrodynamic simulation of the extended gas distribution
Authors: Tepper-García Thor , Bland-Hawthorn Joss , Li Di
Published: February 2020

We revisit the orbital history of the Triangulum galaxy (M33) around the Andromeda galaxy (M31) in view of the recent Gaia Data Release 2 proper motion measurements for both Local Group galaxies. Earlier studies consider highly idealized dynamical friction, but neglect the effects of dynamical mass loss. We show the latter process to be important using mutually consistent orbit integration and N-body simulations. Following this approach, we find an orbital solution that brings these galaxies to within ∼50 kpc of each other in the past, ∼6.5 Gyr ago. We explore the implications of their interaction using an N-body/hydrodynamical simulation with a focus on the origin of two prominent features: (1) M31’s Giant Stellar Stream; and (2) the M31–M33 H i filament. We find that the tidal interaction does not produce a structure reminiscent of the stellar stream that survives up to the present day. In contrast, the M31–M33 H i filament is likely a fossil structure dating back to the time of the ancient encounter between these galaxies. Similarly, the observed outer disc warp in M33 may well be a relic of this past event. Our model suggests the presence of a tidally induced gas envelope around these galaxies, and the existence of a diffuse gas stream, the ‘Triangulum stream’, stretching for tens of kpc from M33 away from M31. We anticipate upcoming observations with the recently commissioned, Five-hundred-metre Aperture Spherical radio Telescope that will target the putative stream in its first years of operation.
Real-Time Estimation of the Risk of Death from Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Infection: Inference Using Exported Cases
Authors: Jung Sung-mok , Akhmetzhanov Andrei R. , Hayashi Katsuma , Linton Natalie M. , Yang Yichi , Yuan Baoyin , Kobayashi Tetsuro , Kinoshita Ryo , Nishiura Hiroshi
Published: February 2020

The exported cases of 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infection that were confirmed outside of China provide an opportunity to estimate the cumulative incidence and confirmed case fatality risk (cCFR) in mainland China. Knowledge of the cCFR is critical to characterize the severity and understand the pandemic potential of COVID-19 in the early stage of the epidemic. Using the exponential growth rate of the incidence, the present study statistically estimated the cCFR and the basic reproduction number—the average number of secondary cases generated by a single primary case in a naïve population. We modeled epidemic growth either from a single index case with illness onset on 8 December, 2019 (Scenario 1), or using the growth rate fitted along with the other parameters (Scenario 2) based on data from 20 exported cases reported by 24 January, 2020. The cumulative incidence in China by 24 January was estimated at 6924 cases (95% CI: 4885, 9211) and 19,289 cases (95% CI: 10,901, 30,158), respectively. The latest estimated values of the cCFR were 5.3% (95% CI: 3.5%, 7.5%) for Scenario 1 and 8.4% (95% CI: 5.3%, 12.3%) for Scenario 2. The basic reproduction number was estimated to be 2.1 (95% CI: 2.0, 2.2) and 3.2 (95% CI: 2.7, 3.7) for Scenarios 1 and 2, respectively. Based on these results, we argued that the current COVID-19 epidemic has a substantial potential for causing a pandemic. The proposed approach provides insights in early risk assessment using publicly available data.
Reconciling early-outbreak estimates of the basic reproductive number and its uncertainty: framework and applications to the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak
Authors: Park Sang Woo , Bolker Benjamin M. , Champredon David , Earn David J. D. , Li Michael , Weitz Joshua S. , Grenfell Bryan T. , Dushoff Jonathan
Published: February 2020

A novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has recently emerged as a global threat. As the epidemic progresses, many disease modelers have focused on estimating the basic reproductive numberℛ0– the average number of secondary cases caused by a primary case in an otherwise susceptible population. The modeling approaches and resulting estimates ofℛ0vary widely, despite relying on similar data sources. Here, we present a novel statistical framework for comparing and combining different estimates ofℛ0across a wide range of models by decomposing the basic reproductive number into three key quantities: the exponential growth rater, the mean generation interval, and the generation-interval dispersionκ. We then apply our framework to early estimates ofℛ0for the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. We show that many earlyℛ0estimates are overly confident. Our results emphasize the importance of propagating uncertainties in all components ofℛ0, including the shape of the generation-interval distribution, in efforts to estimateℛ0at the outset of an epidemic.