bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of glucose-derived compounds in liver diseases
Authors:   , Loarca Lorena , Artlett Carol , Rest Richard F
Published: July 2024

Liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) account for hundreds of thousands of deaths annually. Elucidating common mechanisms in the development of liver cirrhosis, regardless of the etiology of liver disease, as well as developing new therapies for patients with metastatic HCC remains a challenge. Previously, it was demonstrated that the N-glycosylation pattern on anti-Gal IgG molecules changes as liver fibrosis (scarring of the liver) progresses to end stage liver fibrosis also called cirrhosis. Whether these changes in N-glycans affect the effector functions of the antibodies possibly mediating liver pathogenesis has never been addressed. Anti-Gal antibodies are naturally produced by humans in response to the [alpha]-Gal epitope present on the Enterobacteria that colonize the gastrointestinal tract. Using rabbit erythrocytes as a source of the [alpha]-Gal epitope, we examined the ability of serum containing anti-Gal antibodies from patients with early or late liver fibrosis to induce complement-dependent hemoglobin release. Our results indicate that activation of complement by anti-Gal antibodies from patients with liver fibrosis is dependent on the stage of the liver fibrosis. Thus, these data might indicate a possible role for anti-Gal antibodies at mediating liver fibrosis progression to cirrhosis. Additionally, we investigated the anti-cancerous effects of 3-deoxyglucosone (3DG) and methylglyoxal (MG), two glucose metabolites, on HCC cell lines. In vitro and in vivo studies have reported conflicting anti-cancerous activities of MG. However, in spite of the controversy, we wanted to reevaluate whether MG had anti-cancerous activities on HCC. In addition, we investigated whether 3DG had an anti-cancerous modality, as this had not been studied previously. Our studies show that both 3DG and MG impair the migration, invasion, and adhesion of HCC cell lines. Furthermore, 3DG and MG inhibited HCC cell invasion in a p53-dependent manner regardless of whether the cells expressed mutant or wild-type p53. p53 is a tumor suppressor protein and dysregulation in this signaling pathway has been implicated in 30% of HCC cases. Therefore our results suggest that 3DG and MG could be potential therapeutics in p53-expressing HCC. Taken together, our data demonstrates a role for glucose-derived compounds in both the development and therapeutics of liver disease.
A multifluid turbulent entrainment combustion model
Authors:   , Tallio Kevin Verne , Cernansky Nicholas Peter
Published: July 2024

Combustion models used in spark-ignited (SI) engine simulation codes have traditionally been implemented into lumped parameter thermodynamic analysis models that neglect the effect of spatial gradients. Recently, multidimensional models for simulating combustion in SI engines have been developed, but they do not adequately characterize the interactions between the turbulent length and velocity scales and the combustion chemistry. In this thesis, a new approach to modeling turbulent combustion in multidimensional analyses is developed. An entrainment combustion model and advanced front tracking techniques are coupled with a multifluid model for the turbulent flow field. In this manner, a fully transient combustion model that includes the effect of turbulent scale and intensity, fuel type, and equivalence ratio on turbulent burning rate is developed. Following a discussion of turbulent combustion models currently in use for simulating premixed combustion, the governing equations and their implementation into the numerical scheme are described. Validation of the model is performed in two steps using one-dimensional simulations. First, a comparison between the computed results and an analytical solution for a simple geometry and flowfield is performed. The results from this phase of the testing show that the model agrees well with the analytically determined values and captures the jump in density and velocity through the reaction zone. Next, a comparison of the model predictions for a turbulent combustion bomb with experimental data is used to evaluate the ability to model a geometry more closely resembling that of an SI engine combustion chamber. This step in the testing demonstrates that the model predictions are in excellent agreement with the experimental findings. Based on the results from these comparisons it is concluded that the new model is capable of predicting turbulent burning rates and the formulation developed as part of this research provides a good representation of the actual physics of the turbulent combustion problem.
Sinusoidal time-frequency wavelets
Authors:   , Xie Xiang , Sun Hun H
Published: July 2024

Windowed Fourier transform provides us with a true time-frequency localization analysis yet can not overcome the resolution limitation imposed by the scale of the selected window function to zoom into the time-frequency details of the signal. Wavelet transform utilizes all scales ofthe signal and can zoom into time-frequency details, with properly selected mother wavelet, for time-frequency localization. Not all wavelets have sinusoidal oscillating patterns needed for signal frequency analysis. We present the sinusoidal wavelets of both real sine and complex exponential oscillating patterns to take full advantage of Fourier frequency analysis and wavelet scale analysis. The sinusoidal wavelet family is designed to provide us with a true time-frequency analysis, instead of time-scale analysis, for time-frequency localization of both stationary and non-stationary signals. We present general expressions for the sinusoidal wavelet family with various window functions and show that all these sinusoidal wavelets meet the wavelet admissibility condition. We also evaluate the time-frequency localization characteristics ofthe sinusoidal wavelet family. We simulate the time-frequency localization performance of some commonly used time-scale wavelets and the sinusoidal time-frequency wavelets. We show that not all time-scale wavelets are suitable for time-frequency localization and that the sinusoidal wavelets as a family is a much better alternative, by design, to time-scale wavelets for time-frequency feature analysis. We show that the sinusoidal wavelet family offers convenient trade-off adjustment between time resolution at low frequencies and frequency resolution at high frequencies for any given time-frequency analysis application. We also present the complex exponential wavelets which separate the time translation modulus information and the time translation phase information and can thus be applied to provide a better visual representation of the time-frequency analysis. We show that the modulated Gaussian wavelet is a special case of our complex exponential Gaussian wavelet. We apply the sinusoidal wavelets to time-frequency analysis of recordings of electrogastrographic (EGG) signals provided to us by University of Rochester and University of Oklahoma and demonstrate that our sinusoidal wavelets can simultaneously localize high frequency spike activities and track low frequency slow waves of the electrogastrographic signals.
A behavioral model of decisions to accrue and disclose environmental liabilities
Authors:   , Weidman Stephanie M. , Curatola Anthony Paul
Published: July 2024

This research seeks to further our understanding of the factors that influence decisions to accrue and disclose environmental liabilities by applying a model of rational decision making, the theory of planned behavior (Ajzen, 1991). It is motivated by the belief that accounting plays a key role in the accountability and transparency of organizations with respect to their environmental performance. Previous studies on environmental accounting have viewed the firm at the superorganic level, a macro-level perspective that focuses on the company as the unit of analysis. The present study investigates decisions to accrue and disclose environmental liabilities at the level of the individual decision maker. It hypothesizes that intentions to accrue and disclose environmental liabilities are based on attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and perceived moral obligation. Furthermore, the magnitude of environmental and financial consequences is believed to moderate the relationships between the determinants of intentions and the intentions. The study was based on a survey of randomly selected U.S. financial executives that are members of the Institute of Management Accountants. The findings of this study indicate that the intentions to accrue and disclose environmental liabilities are significantly influenced by individual and social variables. The individual factors are attitudinal in nature, and are driven by underlying beliefs about the outcomes associated with accrual and disclosure of environmental liabilities. This study supports the contention that the accrual decision is influenced by executives' self-efficacy and perceived moral obligation to accrue. It suggests that individuals who perceive themselves to be in control of environmental liability accrual decisions, and who perceive a high ethical obligation to accrue, are most likely to do so. The results of this study also suggest that financial executives are influenced by social and contextual variables. Subjective norms played a significant role in influencing these decisions, especially when the specific referent groups were named. The magnitude of environmental and financial consequences also had an effect on accrual and disclosure intentions. Finally, the results of this study suggest that financial executives are more willing to accrue a material environmental liability than to disclose it in the notes to the financial statements.
Realistic avatar creation and player choice
Authors:   , Lee James , Rank Stefan
Published: July 2024

As the gaming industry continues to grow, female gamer numbers are on the rise. Research has shown that females have been disproportionately underrepresented and inaccurately portrayed in video games. The research findings also reveal the many negative effects misrepresentation can have on women's self esteem and body image. This project hypothesizes that the use of a more realistic and responsive in-game character creation tool will help assess the impact of female character models on the enjoyment and self-concept of the players. The project produced six model templates with accurate body proportions and a character creation tool with customizable slider features, standard deviation visual feedback, and game telemetry data capturing based on literature review that can be used in future projects for collecting body proportion and mouse over data on player avatar preferences. The models are created with data sets from the 2012 U.S. Army Anthropometric Survey (ANSUR) and the Center for Disease Control (CDC) Anthropometric Reference Data for Children and Adults: United States, 2007-2010. This tool can be helpful for game developers and gender studies researchers studying the media effects of 3D character models and players' choice.
Actividades basadas en el juego para el aprendizaje de la fisiopatología de los trastornos de la nutrición
Authors: Carrillo Grande Noelia , López-Luengo María Antonia
Published: July 2024

El aprendizaje basado en el juego se ha planteado como una metodología facilitadora del aprendizaje gracias al aumento de la motivación y la generación de emociones positivas. Sin embargo, existen pocos estudios sobre la aplicación de estas metodologías en formación profesional y específicamente en la educación en nutrición.Este estudio sigue una metodología mixta paraevaluar el interés, la motivación y el aprendizaje generado por una secuencia innovadora basada en el juego, implementada con un grupo de estudiantes de Formación Profesional del Grado Superior en Dietética. Los hallazgos confirman el valor educativo de esta metodología en el ambiente de aprendizaje concreto y estimulan a su réplica con otros grupos y en otros contextos.
Características clínicas de pacientes con accidente cerebrovascular isquémico y fibrilación auricular internados en hospital de referencia durante el periodo 2021 a 2022
Authors: Frutos Zenteno María Eduarda , Alvarenga Tanii Amy Fabiola , Cáceres Santacruz Sandra Manuela , Caballero Torres Marlene Elizabeth , Ocampos Mamani Cinthia Carolina , Solís Cantero Luz María , Zaputovich Filippi Juan José
Published: July 2024

Introducción: se ha demostrado que uno de cada tres accidentes cerebrovasculares (ACV) isquémicos es consecuencia de una fibrilación auricular (FA) no conocida y, por ende, no tratada. Por eso es de vital importancia el diagnóstico y tratamiento oportuno de la FA, ya que el ACV isquémico es un motivo frecuente de ingreso hospitalario. Objetivos: determinar las características clínicas de pacientes con ACV isquémico y FA internados en el Hospital XX, durante los años 2021 y 2022. Metodología: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, de corte transversal, retrospectivo. Se incluyeron pacientes de ambos sexos, mayores de edad, con FA y ACV isquémico confirmados por electrocardiograma y tomografía. Las variables se obtuvieron de los expedientes clínicos. La investigación fue aprobada por el comité de ética de la Universidad Nacional de Itapúa. Resultados: se estudiaron 113 pacientes. La edad media fue 69 ± 10 años, el 54,87% (62) fueron varones. Entre los factores de riesgo, 96,46% eran conocidos con hipertensión arterial y 61,06% con diabetes mellitus. En 24 (21%) pacientes se realizó ecocardiograma y 14 tenían dilatación auricular, con una media de 44 ± 8 mm, y 11 de éstos tenían estenosis mitral. La media de frecuencia cardiaca era 92 ± 18 latidos/min. El ictus isquémico se presentó como debut en 52,21% y de éstos solo 7,08% se conocían portadores de FA. Entre los portadores conocidos de FA 7,08% recibían anticoagulación con acenocumarol. No se encontraron pacientes en tratamiento con otros anticoagulantes. Conclusión: el 22,12% de los pacientes con ACV isquémico estaban diagnosticados con FA. Aproximadamente, un tercio de los pacientes con FA bajo el régimen de anticoagulación no alcanzaron rangos terapéuticos ni una frecuencia cardiaca controlada.
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Using a Fixed Combination of Dorzolamide 2.0 % and Timolol 0.5 % in Primary Open-­Angle Glaucoma
Authors: Khaldeev S. S. , Loskutov I. A. , Andryukhina O. M.
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the work was to evaluate the effectiveness of the drug Domizia Duo® (OTCPharm JSC), which is a fixed combination (dorzolamide 20 mg/ml and timolol 5 mg/ml) in the treatment of patients diagnosed with primary open­angle glaucoma. The multicenter study involved 156 patients (280 eyes) with primary open­angle glaucoma (POAG) (136 patients — 243 eyes), primary angle­closure glaucoma (PACG) (8 patients — 15 eyes), ocular hypertension (12 patients — 22 eyes). 37 doctors from 22 medical institutions took part in the study. Patients aged 55–75 years with first­time POAG stages I–III, PAOG, ocular hypertension, as well as with abnormal intraocular pressure, patients with pseudophakia, if the diagnosis of glaucoma was made before cataract extraction and at least 6 months before the study, were included. According to the study results, intraocular pressure decreased significantly in all groups of patients and at all stages of treatment: primary open­angle glaucoma, primary angle­closure glaucoma, ocular hypertension. In 136 patients (243 eyes) with POAG, a 28 % reduction in IOP was achieved at an initial level of 25 (22–28) mm Hg. In the group of patients with PCOG (8 patients, 15 eyes), a decrease in IOP by 19 % was shown with an initial intraocular pressure of 20.1 (19.1–23.0) mm Hg. The high effectiveness of the drug Domizia Duo® (OTCPharm JSC) was established at all stages of POAG, so at stage I of newly diagnosed POAG, the reduction in IOP was 35.5 % within a month after the start of therapy, at stage II of newly diagnosed POAG by 28 %, at stage III by 44.4 %, in the group of patients with ocular hypertension, the degree of reduction in intraocular pressure was 27 % at an initial level of 26 (23–27) mm Hg. The data obtained from the study prove the high effectiveness of the fixed combination (FC) Domizia Duo® (OTCPharm JSC) against the background of good tolerability in patients with primary open­angle glaucoma (POAG) at stages I–III. The drug was also highly effective not only when prescribed as monotherapy, but also when switching from another drug or adding Domizia Duo® to treatment.
Autoimmunity and Biological Therapies in Cardiac Arrhythmias
Authors: Adams Christian
Published: July 2024

Autoimmune (AI) diseases have a notable rise globally, affecting up to 9.4% of the global population. Cardiac involvement is not unusual in AI diseases, leading to arrhythmias through many pathophysiological mechanisms like myocardial inflammation, fibrosis, and autoantibodies targeting critical cardiac structures, leading to cardiac rhythm disorders. This review focuses on the role of autoantibodies in arrhythmias in diseases like sarcoidosis, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, and others, highlighting new findings about autoantibodies against critical structural myocardial components. On the other hand, the review describes the AI association with conditions such as sinus bradycardia, atrioventricular blocks, inappropriate sinus tachycardia, atrial fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia, and sudden cardiac death, describing those processes. Emerging biomarkers indicative of inflammation, fibrosis, and autoimmunity that can predict arrhythmia risk are examined. The review also explores the field of managing cardiac arrhythmias with alternative cell therapy approaches that target gene substrate as a promising way to transfer, silence, and edit cellular disorders associated with arrhythmia generation that may help treat these conditions in the future.
Challenging Recent Developments in Dermatology: Considering Artificial Intelligence and Medical Ethics
Authors: Keskinbora Kadircan , Kumbasar Eda
Published: July 2024

Dermatology has gradually changed over the past few decades with the advances of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the field of medicine. However, the application of Artificial intelligence in clinical practice remains a challenge. When using Artificial intelligence in the dermatology practice, it is extremely important to consider not only the diagnosis and treatment of patients but also medical ethics details. This article reveals that there may be ethical difficulties when using Artificial intelligence in the field of dermatology and addresses the challenges related to ethical problems that Artificial intelligence may have caused in dermatological practices in recent years. Artificial intelligence in medicine and dermatology causes challenges related to ethics and transparency. There are ethical problems, risks, and potential harms associated with the unexamined use of Artificial intelligence and machine learning when applied to health information and services. Studies have shown that Artificial intelligence can diagnose skin lesions using clinical and dermoscopic images with accuracy that is on par with or better than dermatologists. As a result, Artificial intelligence is becoming a more significant tool in dermatology. Advances in artificial technology improve diagnostic precision and enable early illness assessment. The accuracy rate of artificial intelligence systems used in skin cancer diagnosis is almost the same as dermatologists. However, there is still a dearth of clinical validation in the actual world. In this article, deep learning applications in dermatology are examined, which is the state-of-the-art, artificial intelligence technology for image analysis. We also assess the technology's present limitations, possible points of failure, difficulties with performance measurement, interpretability, and ethical issues. It is crucial to take into account medical ethics in addition to patient diagnosis and treatment when implementing Artificial intelligence in dermatology practices. This article discusses the ethical issues that Artificial intelligence may have raised in dermatological practices in the recent past and indicates that there might be moral dilemmas when applying Artificial Intelligence in this field.
Poczucie samotności a style radzenia sobie ze stresem przez przyszłych nauczycieli
Authors: Wrótniak Joanna
Published: July 2024

Celem pracy było przedstawienie analizy związku poczucia samotności i stylów radzenia sobie ze stresem przez przyszłych nauczycieli. Badaniami objęto 310 osób w przedziale wiekowym 18 – 29 lat. Posłużono się metodą sondażu diagnostycznego wykorzystując następujące narzędzia badawcze: Kwestionariusz Radzenia Sobie w Sytuacjach Stresowych oraz Zrewidowaną Skalę Samotności R – UCLA. Analiza danych dotyczących poczucia samotności ujawniła, że średni wynik ogólny wśród badanych wyniósł M=40,6 pkt. Zarówno poczucie samotności w wymiarze ogólnym jak i w poszczególnych podskalach oscylowało wokół wartości przeciętnych. W odniesieniu do analizy danych dotyczących stylów radzenia sobie ze stresem wyniki rozłożyły się podobnie w poszczególnych skalach. Najbardziej preferowanym stylem radzenia sobie ze stresem przez badane osoby okazał się styl skoncentrowany na emocjach, co potwierdzają uzyskane przez 60% respondentów wyniki wysokie w tym aspekcie. Na drugim miejscu uplasował się styl skoncentrowany na unikaniu (38,4%), na trzecim zaś styl skoncentrowany na zadaniach (30%). Przeprowadzone analizy wykazały, że zachodzi zależność istotna statystycznie między poczuciem samotności a stylami radzenia sobie ze stresem wśród badanych osób.
Factors Affecting the Provision of Quality Education in Community Day Secondary Schools in Malawi: A Case study of Mangochi District
Authors: Bostain Maonga , Wellington Chirwa Grames , Nyoni Precious
Published: July 2024

Quality is now emphasised in the worldwide educational scene as the cornerstone of effective education, meeting basic demands essential to students' overall development. This study explores the variables affecting Malawi's Community Day Secondary Schools' ability to provide high-quality instruction. The research involved two head teachers, two teachers, and twenty students using a qualitative case study design. Focus group talks and in-person semi-structured interviews were used to accomplish methodological triangulation. Important issues revealed by thematic content analysis included inadequate facilities, a lack of resources for teaching and learning, and a lack of community-school engagement. While understanding possible wider consequences, recommendations seek to improve the quality of education.
Bifurcations in a structure of a free-growing dendrite during solidification of a binary system
Authors: Galenko Petr ,   Udmurt State University, Krivilyov Mikhail , Emelyanov Konstantin ,   Udmurt State University,   Udmurt State University
Published: July 2024

Using a model of local nonequilibrium solidification of supercooled binary system the dynamics of a motion of the liquid—solid interface having dendritic structure is investigated. The morphological spectrum of side—branch surface of a free—growing dendrite is defined. The modification of dendritic structure is considered in an association with two controlling parameters: an initial undercooling and position from the tip of dendrite which is define local undercooling at the phase interface. Due to the values of these parameters the interface can become unstable, periodic, and bifurcate with doubling, trebling of the period and so on.
Selective Impairment of Verb Tense in MazandaraniSpeaking Agrammatic Patients
Authors: Azad Omid
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Among many grammatical problems affecting agrammatic patients, those of inflectional morphology, specifically tense, stand at the forefront. This study aimed to analyze tense properties in Mazandarani-speaking Broca patients to see which aspects of this inflectional system were more negatively affected.
Materials and Methods: Utilizing inclusion/exclusion criteria, we chose 10 patients (mean age 47 years) in this descriptive-analytical research. To select our participants, some criteria including the results of the Persian aphasia test, monolingualism, and magnetic resonance imaging reports were considered which corroborated the involvement of the anterior frontal lobe, inferior anterior parietal lobe, Perisylvian, and Broca’s areas as well as inferior frontal gyrus. To monitor our patients’ performance in three separate tenses of present (progressive), future, and past (simple past, past perfect, and past continuous), we administered written sentence completion and sentence-to-picture matching tests. To investigate whether our patients’ performance in diverse verb tenses was significantly different, we utilized Wilcoxon statistics to analyze our data.
Results: The results demonstrated a significant difference between the performance of the patients in past progressive tense compared to other tenses (P=0.02). Furthermore, a significant difference was observed between the mean responses to past tenses and present-future tenses.
Conclusion: Mazandarani-speaking agrammatic demonstrated selective poor performance in the past tense inflection. Regarding the crucial role of tense properties in verbal communication, specifically past tense, to talk about past events and memories, more attention is needed by clinicians and speech therapists to reinforce tense properties enhancing agrammatic communication capabilities.
The Effects of Physiotherapy Management in Hospitalized Patients with Coronavirus Disease Based on Gender Differences
Authors: Abbas Aliaa Resan Al , Malmir Kazem , Fereydounnia Sara , Saeed Muslim Nahi , Otadi Khadijeh
Published: July 2024

Introduction: COVID-19 which is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus hurts patients’ respiratory health by necessitating oxygen therapy. The affected patients with COVID-19 experience anxiety and stress with quality of life (QoL) impacted due to frequent medication, hospitalizations, fear of dying, and isolation. In individuals with respiratory problems, physiotherapy is useful in improving oxygenation, stress reduction, and QoL. Therefore, our goal was to assess how physiotherapy management affected the oxygenation rates and QoL of hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
Materials and Methods: The study included 60 hospitalized cases of COVID-19 pneumonia (25–65 years) admitted to the RCU/Al-Hussein teaching hospital. The oxygenation rate was recorded by hospital monitoring. A physiotherapy management prepared according to the pulmonary rehabilitation recommendations for COVID-19 patients. QoL was assessed by the Arabian version of the short-form health survey questionnaire (SF-36) at baseline, at discharge, and 1 month after discharge.
Results: The mean baseline oxygenation percent was 86.10±12.93. The baseline QoL score was 29.14±18.52. A significant increase (P<0.0001) in oxygenation (by 10.22%) was observed at discharge as compared to the baseline values. The QoL was significantly higher (P<0.0001) at 1-month post-discharge as compared to the baseline and the values at discharge (by 157.76%). Similar effects were observed in males and females.
Conclusion: A short-term course of physiotherapy management was effective in increasing the oxygenation rates and QoL in hospitalized male and female COVID-19 patients. A combination of breathing exercises, early mobilization, and positioning can act as an adjuvant in the clinical management of COVID-19 patients.
The Effects of Deep Neck Muscle Exercises on Chronic Non-Specific Neck Pain
Authors: Najafi Atefe , Shadmehr Azadeh , Rasanani Mohammad Reza Hadian , Fereydounnia Sara
Published: July 2024

Introduction: The study aimed to investigate the effects of deep neck flexor (DNF) and deep neck extensor (DNE) muscle exercises on pain, passive range of motion (PROM), craniovertebral angle (CVA), neck flexor endurance (NFE), neck extensor endurance (NEE), and the number of weekly painkiller usage (NWPKU) in chronic non-specific neck pain (CNNP) patients.
Materials and Methods: A total of 27 CNNP patients, incuding intervention group (n=15) and control group (n=12), were recruited for this study. Patients in the intervention group participated in 6 weeks of DNF and DNE exercises plus traditional physiotherapy. After 10 sessions (3 weeks), the exercise protocol was followed for 3 weeks of the home-based exercise form. Control group patients received traditional physiotherapy alone. The numeric pain rating scale (NPRS), PROM, CVA, NFE, NEE, and NWPKU were examined and compared between groups, at the baseline and after six weeks.
Results: Numeric pain rating scale, PROM, CVA, NFE, NEE, and NWPKU improved significantly in both groups after treatment (P<0.001). The NPRS, passive flexion, passive extension, passive right-side bending, passive left rotation, CVA, NFE, NEE, and NWPKU differences were significant (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The study supports the positive effects of combination therapy (DNF and DNE exercises plus traditional physiotherapy) on pain, passive neck range of motion, neck lordosis posture, and neck muscle endurance in CNNP patients.
The Effect of Islamic Praying on Heart Rate Variation in Adult Muslims
Authors: Shaverdi Yeganeh , Jahromi Gila Pirzad , Meftahi Gholam Hossein , Sharif Mohammad Shahab , Mojabi Narges , Hatef Boshra
Published: July 2024

Introduction: The flexibility of the heart is important for cardiovascular health. The heart rate variation (HRV) is a metric of heart flexibility. Muslims perform praying (Namaz) which has some significant effects on general health regularity. The study aimed to assess the impact of real Namaz on HRV.
Materials and Methods: Eighty-two participants who performed Namaz daily were categorized into three groups, including more minor, more than, and equal to the normal cortisol level range based on salivary cortisol. The electrocardiography was recorded before, during (divided into standing, bowing, prostration, and sitting positions), and after a four-cycle Namaz around noon. The linear and non-linear features of HRV were extracted.
Results: The two-way analysis of variance showed that the standard deviation (SD)1 and SD2 of the Poincare plots of all groups increased after Namaz (P<0.0001). During Namaz, the indexes of sympathetic tone decreased in the prostration and bowing compared to the sitting and standing positions (P<0.00001). The SD of the mean of the R peaks interval, SD1 , and SD2 of the Poincare plot also increased in those comparisons (P<0.00001). In addition, the spectral entropy was decreased in the bowing and prostration compared with standing and sitting positions (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Namaz significantly increased the performance of the cardiovascular system and decreased the effect of daily stress on it.
Criterion Validity of Infant-Toddler Meaningful Auditory Integration Scale for Persian Children with Cochlear Implantation
Authors: Panahiaboozar Shiva , Hassanzadeh Saeid , Lavasani Masoud Gholamali , Aghaz Alireza
Published: July 2024

Introduction: The infant-toddler meaningful auditory integration scale (IT-MAIS) can evaluate toddlers and infants’ early auditory development in aspects of detection, discrimination, and identification of sounds. The present study aims to evaluate the reliability and criterion validity of the Persian version of the IT-MAIS (IT-MAIS-P) for children with hearing loss (HL).
Materials and Methods: In this study, due to the limitations of COVID-19 and the lack of access to samples, 23 available children with HL were sampled. The cause of participants› HL was 43.5% congenital, 30.4% acquired, and 26.1% unknown. The Mean±SD of the age of these children was 21.6±6.3 months. To evaluate the predictive validity and concurrent validity, the speech intelligibility rating (SIR) and categories of auditory performance (CAP) were used, respectively. Also, to assess the inter-rater reliability, both parents of each child completed the IT-MAIS-P.
Results: A significant correlation (concurrent validity) was observed between the IT-MAIS-P and the CAP scores (r=0.87, P<0.001). Predictive validity was not confirmed by comparing it with the SIR (P>0.05). Also, the inter-rater reliability (kappa=0.44, P<0.001) of the IT-MAIS-P was confirmed.
Conclusion: The IT-MAIS-P is a valid tool to investigate the progress of auditory skills in infants, although the predictive validity was not confirmed.
A Multidisciplinary Extended Approach to Physiotherapy Rehabilitation in Guillain-Barre Syndrome as Sequelae of COVID-19: A Single Case Study
Authors: Kachhwani Nikita , Bhakaney Pallavi , Yadav Vaishnavi
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Coronaviruses can cause widespread systemic infections, the most common of which are respiratory complications, which are close to the symptoms of serious acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV).
Case Description: We report a case of a 16-year-old boy who developed weakness in bilateral lower limbs, difficulty in coughing, and generalized weakness for 2 days. He was diagnosed with post-COVID Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis manifested a CSF protein of 117 mg/dL, a white blood cell count of 6-7/mm3 , and a glucose of too low to comment. Magnetic resonance investigation of the brain revealed mucosal thickening in the bilateral maxillary, ethmoid, and left frontal sinuses. Nerve conduction studies concluded evidence of sensory-motor polyneuropathy. Physiotherapy intervention included patient education, breathing retraining, airway clearance techniques, positioning, a combination of chest proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) techniques, a walking program with supplemented oxygen, and psychological support.
Results: Outcome measures have shown enhancement in functional independence and performance of activities of daily living.
Conclusion: The evidence from this study suggests that pulmonary rehabilitation plays a pivotal role in managing a patient who is diagnosed with post-COVID GBS, which includes patient education, breathing retraining, airway clearing techniques, a combination of chest PNF techniques, positioning, a walking program with augmented oxygen, and psychological support.
Factor for Predicting Non-Invasive Ventilation Failure in Very Old Patients with Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure in Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Kollu Korhan , İnce Mahmut Sami , Elmas Dursun
Published: July 2024

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of NIV in patients with pneumonia-associated acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF) and to identify factors that predict NIV failure.
Methods: A total of 50 very elderly patients (aged 85 and older) with pneumonia-associated AHRF were retrospectively evaluated from January 2021 to August 2022. Failure of NIV was defined was characterized by a transition to mechanical ventilation (either through tracheal intubation or tracheostomy), discharge under "hopeless" conditions while still on NIV, or death during NIV.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 87.4±2.4 years, median SOFA score was 5, median duration of NIV was 4 days, and median length of stay in the ICU for the patients was 7 days. It was determined that 48% of the patients experienced NIV failure due to worsening clinical conditions. The SOFA score, levels of procalcitonin, CRP, heart rate, and respiratory rate were higher in the NIV failure group compared to the NIV successful group. An increased SOFA score (OR= 1.51, 95% CI= 1.11-2.06, p= 0.009), elevated CRP levels (OR= 1.03, 95% CI= 1.01-1.05, p= 0.003), and increased respiratory rate (OR= 1.18, 95% CI= 1.01-1.38, p= 0.039) were identified as independent predictors of NIV failure.
Conclusion: In very elderly patients with AHRF due to pneumonia, the use of NIV may offer a significant survival benefit if patients are closely monitored and potential risk factors such as systemic inflammation parameters, SOFA score, and respiratory rate are considered.
Effect of Nitrogenous Fertilizers and Bio Fertilizers on the Growth and Development of Cereal Fodder Crops: A Review
Authors: Maity Narayan , Kumar Sourabh , . Rajeev , Samanta Sourav , Bhaumik Sudip , Patil Pranav Anil
Published: July 2024

Livestock contributes significantly to the agricultural and National GDP (gross domestic product). India is known as one of the most important countries containing a larger livestock population. Hence, to sustain the livestock population, the production of quality forage is the most important factor. Currently, the lack of dry and green forage yield is increasing day by day due to an insufficient supply of required fertilizers to the fodder crops and farmers are not willing to cultivate fodder crops as it provides smaller net returns. Moreover, the availability of smaller land holdings is another cause of the fodder deficit in the country. In cereal fodder crops, nitrogenous fertilizers have an immense role in determining the crude protein and fibre content of the plant when it is applied with appropriate doses that differ from crop to crop. Moreover, biofertilizers are products that contain stains of different microorganisms. Inoculation of biofertilizers such as Azospirrilum, Azotobacter, Acetobacter, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Clostridium, etc. to the cereal fodders (sorghum, maize, oat, barley, ryegrass, etc.) leads to a considerable increase in yield attributes as well as the quality of the yield can be sustained also without deteriorating the soil fertility. Again, the combined application of both i.e., biofertilizers and nitrogenous fertilizers at a suitable proportion provides the maximum possible quality yield with higher net profit. Therefore, it is necessary to apply fertilizers (nitrogen and biofertilizers) at the time of crop requirement for maximum production. Hence, this study is conducted to observe the performance level of cereal fodders under the impact of nitrogenous fertilizers and biofertilizers.
Concepciones y prácticas para el arraigo en los centros educativos para la producción total
Authors: Miano María Amalia
Published: July 2024

Rooting is postulated as a category to analyze the conceptions and practices that occur within the framework of the Educational Centers for Total Production (rural alternative secondary schools in the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina) to achieve the permanence of students and their families in rural areas. There are two dimensions of rootedness: that linked to the emotional disposition in relation to the environment and that which involves collective actions to improve living conditions. Methodologically, data generated in field work started in 2016, carried out with a collaborative ethnographic approach, was analyzed. The analysis was carried out by creating emerging categories highlighting the positions of the various actors that participate in these Educational Centers (families, students, officials participated in the opening of these Centers). It is argued that, by establishing roots as an objective that exceeds education, these Educational Centers achieve the permanence of rural families through the development of productive projects and strategies for access to land. In this way, through articulation with an educational institution such as the CEPT, dynamics linked to the enclosure and expulsion of rural families are managed.
La Robótica Educativa: Potenciando el pensamiento matemático y habilidades sociales en el aprendizaje
Authors: Rosero Calderón Oscar Andrés
Published: July 2024

In educational environments, trends are addressed that allow learning to be acquired in various ways, among these is educational robotics, which has become a versatile tool capable of enhancing student performance at various stages of their learning. The purpose of this document is to explore the aspects related to educational robotics that contribute to the development of social skills and mathematical thinking in students. To achieve this objective, an exhaustive search was carried out that includes articles and publications related to the topic, classification and documentary analysis. This research allowed us to identify the possible contributions of educational robotics to social skills and mathematical thinking, in addition to establishing that it is a growing trend in different educational and social areas. The analysis carried out highlights that educational robotics is an effective tool to promote mathematical thinking. The literature supports the idea that students involved in the manipulation and use of robots experience significant improvements in their understanding of mathematics. In addition, it has been observed that this practice also enhances socio-emotional skills, such as empathy, cooperation, communication and collaboration among students. The period for the documentary review was established between 2015 and 2023, consulting a total of 50 articles from the databases of Dialnet, Redalyc, SciELO, Latindex, Google Scholar and institutional repositories, 28 studies were related to this work
La inminente transformación educativa ante la Inteligencia Artificial
Authors: Cuevas Gómez Martha Elena
Published: July 2024

The digital culture implies the development of digital knowledge that requires a permanent updating for technological appropriation from universities, said Dr. Alberto Ramirez Martinell, Researcher at the Center for Research and Innovation in Higher Education of the Universidad Veracruzana. Interviewed in the framework of the National Congress of Educational Research, the General Coordinator of the States of Knowledge of the Mexican Council of Educational Research, said that the challenges of education have displaced some priorities for others, according to the social reality in technological advances.
Resultado de un curso sobre análisis de noticias en redes sociales y creencias epistemológicas
Authors: Meza Cano José Manuel , González Santiago Edith , Cañizales Espinosa Mariana , Morales Ruiz Mario Ernesto
Published: July 2024

The Internet is currently the most relevant source of information; however, it is necessary to know how to distinguish news whose content may be malicious, misleading, or false. Much has been emphasized on the skills to analyze fake news from its structure, hand in hand with media literacy, but little work has been done on the psychological variables of the participants that can prevent them from accepting fake news without critical analysis. In this sense, epistemological beliefs are a variable to be taken into account. In this paper, we analyzed the results of a three-week course of news analysis in social networks on epistemological beliefs, including topics on cognitive biases and media literacy. Fifty-eight higher education students and 22 graduate students participated. Subsequently, we verified the change in epistemological beliefs by applying the Internet-Specific Epistemological Beliefs Questionnaire in two measurements, pretest, and posttest, in two editions of the course. As a result, we detected statistically significant changes in two components that favored the participant's perspective as a knowledge builder and the Internet as a questionable source. We concluded that it is necessary to continue with this model of instruction to empower news readers to make better decisions regarding the information they receive.
El cuento como estrategia innovadora para el fomento de la creatividad en los estudiantes de educación primaria
Authors: Jaimes Rodríguez Jhondert Alberto , Ortiz Ch Pablo , Navarrete Radilla María Ysabel , Suárez Carvajal Lady Andrea , Jaimes Rodríguez Ledis Albeimar
Published: July 2024

The research was carried out under the modality of a feasible project based on a descriptive fieldwork. The population and sample of the study consisted of teaching staff (20) and students (60). The data collection utilized the survey technique through a questionnaire instrument, validated in content through expert judgment. Reliability was determined, resulting in 0.81 for students and 0.82 for teachers, considered very high according to the criteria established by Ruiz (2002). The diagnostic results indicate that the teacher promotes little the realization of theater works or the performance of dramatic games combining body expressions with the narration of a specific story. Likewise, they rarely engage in reading activities using various sounds, noises, and gestures to develop the faculty of imitation in their students. Similarly, it was found that students are interested in practicing recreational reading of stories to enhance their creativity; they are willing to take on recreational reading of stories as an opportunity for personal growth.
The effect of exercise on gastrointestinal symptoms and body composition at different phases of the menstrual cycle
Authors: Bass L. , Johnson K. , Rowland S.R. , Barrett J.S. , Dixon S. , Kennedy T.
Published: July 2024

Women commonly experience bloating, stomach cramps, water retention, and weight gain at the beginning of their menstrual cycle, which cause fluctuations in body composition through extracellular changes, this may affect osmotic pressure, leading to gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the menstrual cycle phase on extracellular changes and GI symptoms in females in response to exercise. Seven healthy premenopausal female recreational athletes (maximal O2 consumption: 50 ± 5.8 ml·kg-1) performed two running trials in an experimental crossover design during two distinct phases of the menstrual cycle, early follicular phase (EFP) and the mid-luteal phase (MLP). Each trial consisted of 120 min of running, 60 min at 110% lactate threshold and 60 min at 90%. Determination of cycle was calculated from calendar-based counting and urinary ovulation detection kits. The EFP was determined by self-reporting onset of menses. The day before each trial, participants followed a low FODMAP diet and completed a gastrointestinal symptom rating scale questionnaire. On the morning of the trial, a standard breakfast was consumed, upon arrival at the laboratory, body composition was recorded. Each hour, finger prick samples were taken to measure lactate and ensure performance did not exceed maximum, every 15 minutes, a visual analog scale (VAS) of subjective ratings between 0-10 cm of gut comfort was taken. Data was analysed using mean and standard deviation (subsequent statistical analysis will be conducted if an n = 10 is reached prior to the conference). During exercise, participants experienced a higher prevalence of GI issues throughout the EFP compared with the MLP. The most common complaints reported from the VAS were nausea; EFP 1 ± 1 cm, MLP 0 ± 0 cm. Flatulence; EFP 4 ± 3 cm, MLP 1 ± 1 cm, and stomach cramps; EFP 3 ± 2 cm, MLP 1 ± 1 cm. Total body weight (TBW) differences were noted between the EFP and MLP. TBW EFP pre-exercise was higher than MLP pre-exercise phase EFP pre-exercise: 38.7 ± 2.8 L compared to MLP pre-exercise at 35.8 ±5.5 L. Similar differences were demonstrated with extra cellular water pre-exercise EFP; 16.1 ± 1.1 L MLP; 15.2 ±1.0 L. During the EFP fluid retention is known to be higher than the MLP, and results are as expected.  While the data suggests a seemingly minimal variation in Gl symptoms, individually, there appears to be a higher level of difference. More gastrointestinal symptoms were reported during exercise, which is consistent with the findings. There is a slight difference in GI symptoms between the EFP and MLP at this stage, indicating a slight shift in total body water.