bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Tindakan Pencurian Data Pribadi pada Layanan Fintech Lending Atas Ancaman Cyber Security di Indonesia
Authors: Handayani Amiliya
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This research will answer all form of cyber security threats to fintech lending services in Indonesia as well as parties who are responsible for victims of personal data theft on fintech lending services in Indonesia. The approach method used in this research is the statutory approach and the conceptual approach. The exixtence of fintech lending makes it easy for people to make loans online easily and quickly. This makes fintech lending services providers faced with cyber security threats, therefore it is necessary to maximize the system and its operation. Judging from several regulations related to identity theft in fintech lending services, there are several perspectives that require the protection of personal data. In the event of data leakage or theft, users of fintech lending services who are disadvantaged can take legal remidies in the form of non-yudicial legal remidies and judicial legal remidies.
Keywords: personal data protection, cyber security, fintech lending.
 
Abstrak
Dalam penelitian ini akan menganalisis tentang bentuk ancaman cyber security pada layanan fintech lending di Indonesia serta pihak yang bertanggung gugat terhadap korban pencurian data pribadi pada layanan fintech lending di Indonesia.  Metode pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Pendekatan perundang-undangan (Statute Approach) dan Pendekatan Konseptual (Conceptual Approach). Adanya fintech lending memberikan kemudahan bagi masyarakat dalam melakukan pinjaman secara online dengan mudah dan cepat. Hal tersebut membuat penyelenggara layanan fintech lending dihadapkan pada ancamaan cyber security, oleh karena itu perlu untuk memaksimalkan sistem serta pengoperasiannya. Ditinjau dari beberapa regulasi terkait pencurian identitas pada layanan fintech lending, terdapat beberapa perspektif yang mengharuskan dilakukannya perlindungan data pribadi. Dalam hal kebocoran maupun pencurian data, maka pengguna layanan fintech lending yang dirugikan dapat melakukan upaya hukum berupa upaya hukum non – yudisial dan upaya hukum yudisial.
Kata Kunci: perlindungan data pribadi, cyber security, fintech lending.
Beyond domain-led conceptualizations of urban zero-carbon transitions
Authors: Sudmant Andrew , Tierney Matt , Gouldson Andy , Bergerson Joule
Published: December 2023

Rapid, systemic change is needed to achieve zero emissions, but there is uncertainty about how or where to intervene in urban systems. Drawing on the work of Donella Meadows, we apply a Leverage Points Perspective to identify and characterize points of system-level intervention that emerge from a study of climate action in Calgary, Canada, which was unique in applying a mixed set of academic approaches. Reflecting on Meadows’ and other frameworks for conceptualizing complex systems change, we discuss the challenge of conceptualizing change, a task of unique urgency in the context of the climate emergency. Too frequently, we argue, approaches focus attention on specific modes or forms of action seen to have the greatest opportunity for affecting change in place of the complex chains of actors, objects, and processes that collectively are the key to a deep and sustaining transition. We conclude by exploring how the insights of the Leverage Points Perspective and other approaches can be brought together to inform practical action, and by examining how related theoretical work on provisioning systems and applied work on urban Climate Commissions may be drawn on to advance understanding of how to deliver urban systems change.
Galactosylceramide Upregulates the Expression of the BCL2 Gene and Downregulates the Expression of TNFRSF1B and TNFRSF9 Genes, Acting as an Ani-apoptotic Molecule in Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Suchanski Jaroslaw , Reza Safoura , Urbaniak Anna , Woldanska Weronika , Kocbach Bartlomiej , Ugorski Maciej
Published: December 2023

Using a breast cancer (BC) cellular model: MDA-MB-231 cells with blocked synthesis of galacto-sylceramide (GalCer; MDA.Δ.UGT8.4) and MCF7 and T47D cells that over-produced GalCer (MCF7.UGT8 and T47D.UGT8), we found that GalCer increased resistance to doxorubicin, paclitaxel, and cisplatin serving as an anti-apoptotic molecule. These results were supported by a study using murine mammary carcinoma 4T1 cells over-producing GalCer, which were trans-planted into Balb/c mice and were more resistant to doxorubicin therapy than the control. Sub-sequent studies revealed that GalCer specifically downregulated the level of pro-apoptotic TNFRSF1B and TNFRSF9 genes and increased the level of the anti-apoptotic BCL2 gene expres-sion, suggesting that GalCer regulates their expression at the level of transcription. Consistent with this hypothesis, MDA-MB-231 and MCF7.UGT8 cells with high GalCer content showed lower activity of TNFRSF1B and TNFRSF9 promoters than cells lacking GalCer. In contrast, the activity of the BCL2 promoter in MCF7.UGT8 was higher than in MCF7 cells without GalCer. However, no difference in BCL2 promoter activity was observed between MDA-MB-231 cells with high GalCer level and GalCer-negative MDA.Δ.UGT8.4 cells. Instead, we found that GalCer increased the stability of Bcl-2 mRNA. As a candidate protein that simultaneously increases the expression of TNFRSF1B and TNFRSF9 genes and decreases the expression of BCL2 gene and stability of Bcl-2 transcripts is probably p53, its expression was analysed in BC cells containing various amounts of GalCer. In agreement with this hypothesis, BC cells with high GalCer con-tent are characterized by significantly lower expression of p53, and inhibition of p53 using siR-NA resulted in decreased expression of TNFRS1B and TNFRS9 genes and increased expression of BCL2 gene.
Targets and Effects of Common Biocompounds of Hibiscus sabdariffa (Delphinidn-3-Sambubiosidin, Quercetin, and Hibiscus Acid) in Different Pathways of Human Cells According to a Bioinformatic Assay
Authors: Zúñiga-Hernández Sergio Raúl , García-Iglesias Trinidad , Macías-Carballo Monserrat , Pérez-Larios Alejandro , Gutiérrez-Mercado Yanet Karina , Camargo-Hernández Gabriela , Rodríguez-Razón Christian Martin
Published: December 2023

The historical and cultural use of food as a remedy for diseases is evident in societies, such as using Hibiscus sabdariffa to address conditions like hypertension and high blood glucose. The natural biocompounds in this plant, including Delphinidin-3-Sambubioside (DS3), Quercetin (QRC), and Hibiscus Acid (HA), have been linked to various health benefits. Despite individual attention, molecular targets for these compounds remain unclear. In this study, in-silico analysis employed bioinformatic tools; including Swiss Target Prediction, ShinnyGo 0.77, KEGG, and Stringdb, to identify molecular targets, pathways, and hub genes. A PubMed literature search complemented the results. DS3 demonstrated potential modifications in genes related to nitrogen and glucose metabolism, inflammation, angiogenesis, and cell proliferation, particularly affecting the PI3K-AKT pathway. QRC displayed interconnected targets across multiple pathways, with overlap with DS3 and a focus on cancer-related pathways. HA showed distinct targets, particularly associated with nervous system-related pathways. These findings highlight the need for targeted research on the molecular effects of DS3, QRC, and HA, providing valuable insights into potential therapeutic pathways.
Strategic Investigation of Ligands for Melanoma Therapy: Docking Analysis and Predictive Toxicity Assessment
Authors: Ferrari Ivan Vito
Published: December 2023

For the first time, this study identified seven potential ligands with high binding energies through the docking approach against the Crystal Structure of human Melanoma-associated antigen B1 (MAGEB1). The ligands—Imatinib, Bafatinib, Diosmin, Ginkgetin, Bilobetin, Amentoflavone, and Hypericin—showing strong binding energies around -10 kcal/mol, indicate a potentially robust interaction with the target protein. Moreover, the additional step of predicting toxicity properties using the pKCSM server provides valuable insights into the safety profiles of these ligands. From these results, the parameters for Diosmin: —Max. tolerated dose (human),- Oral Rat Acute Toxicity (LD50), and - Oral Rat Chronic Toxicity (LOAEL)—suggest a favorable safety profile, making it a potential candidate for further consideration against Melanoma. Moving forward, it's advisable to conduct further experimental validations, including in vitro and in vivo studies, to confirm the efficacy and safety of Diosmin and other potential ligands. Consideration of pharmacokinetics, metabolism, and specific mechanisms of action will contribute to a comprehensive understanding of these compounds' potential as therapeutic agents.
Innovative Strategies for Sustainable Dairy Farming in Canada amidst Climate Change
Authors: Neethirajan Suresh
Published: December 2023

In recent years, the Canadian dairy sector has faced escalating challenges due to its significant contribution to greenhouse gas emissions, particularly methane. This paper critically examines a spectrum of innovative techniques aimed at mitigating methane emissions within this sector, scrutinizing their cost-effectiveness, efficiency, compatibility with animal welfare standards, and adherence to both existing and prospective Canadian environmental legislations. The discourse commences with an exhaustive overview of contemporary methane reduction methodologies pertinent to dairy farming, followed by a rigorous analysis of their economic feasibility. This includes a detailed cost-benefit analysis, juxtaposed with the efficiency and technological advancements these techniques embody. A pivotal aspect of this examination is the alignment of animal welfare with emission reduction objectives, ensuring that strategies employed do not compromise the health and well-being of dairy cattle. Furthermore, the paper delves into the legislative landscape of Canada, evaluating the congruence of these techniques with current environmental laws and anticipating future regulatory shifts. Performance indicators for emission reduction are critically assessed, establishing benchmarks tailored to the Canadian context. This is complemented by an exploration of the market potential of these innovations, including factors influencing their adoption and scalability in the market. The analysis culminates with a synthesis of case studies and best practices within Canada, offering insights into successful implementations and drawing lessons for future endeavors. This comprehensive approach serves not only to address the immediate environmental and health impacts associated with dairy farming emissions but also contributes significantly to the overarching goal of sustainable development in the agricultural sector.
Cellular Strategies for Separating GvHD from GvL in Haploidentical Transplantation
Authors: Di Ianni Mauro , Liberatore Carmine , Santoro Nicole , Ranalli Paola , Guardalupi Francesco , Corradi Giulia , Villanova Ida , Di Francesco Barbara , Lattanzio Stefano , Passeri Cecilia , Lanuti Paola , Accorsi Patrizia
Published: December 2023

GvHD still remains, despite the continuous improvement of transplantation platforms, a fearful complication of transplantation from allogeneic donors. Being able to separate GvHD from GvL represents the greatest challenge in the allogeneic transplant setting. This may be possible through continuous improvement of cell therapy techniques. In this review, current cell therapies are taken into consideration which are based on the use of TCR alpha/beta depletion, CD45 RA depletion, T regulatory cells enrichment, NK cell-based immunotherapies and suicide gene therapies in order to prevent GvHD and maximally amplify the GvL effect in the setting of haploidentical transplantation.
Use of Chia as a Binder to Obtain Chewable Tablets Containing Quinoa for Dietary Fiber Supplementation
Authors: Da Silva Rosana Pereira , Reyes Fanny Judhit Vereau , Daniel Josiane Souza Pereira , Pestana Julia Estevam da Silva , Pires Samara de Almeida , Ferraz Humberto Gomes
Published: December 2023

The consumption of fiber in the human diet is a global recommendation to ensure a healthy diet. Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.), a gluten-free grain, and chia (Salvia hispanica), a seed, contain high fiber content and both have the potential to be explored in the development of nutraceutical and pharmaceutical formulations. An interesting characteristic of chia is its ability to form viscous mucilage when in contact with water, bringing the prospect of a binder in solid formulations. To produce tablets with a high fiber content, it is more appropriate to transform the material into granules using a wet process, with the help of a tool that exploits this possibility. Therefore, the objective of the present work was to study, using the Mixer Torque Rheometer, the feasibility of using chia as a binder to produce granulated quinoa and the development of chewable tablets. To this end, an experimental design was carried out to evaluate the impact of variables on the rheometer results for subsequent granulation. It was possible to obtain the granulation point for the formulations and after producing the granules, physical tests were carried out in which we noticed improvements in the flow. In the end, a formulation was selected for the development of chewable tablets containing quinoa and chia fibers.
Quantifying the Impact of Rainfall Categories on Dengue Occurrence: A Multi-Site Analysis in India
Authors: Barik Parthasarathi , Goswami Prashant
Published: December 2023

Identification of Dengue drivers is crucial for pro-active prevention strategies. In semi-arid regions, the relationship between meteorological variables, particularly rainfall, and the dengue vector is complex. This study analyzes associations between the number of dengue cases and rainfall categories in six semi-arid locations in India. Focusing on official website data, we find significant correlations only with heavy rainfall (R>10 mm/day). The findings underscore the importance of heavy rainfall in Dengue incidence and offer insights for pro-active prevention. The study methodology involves rainfall and dengue occurrence over Indian region. This research contributes to the growing body of knowledge on Dengue prevention, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions during periods of heavy rainfall.
Translational Relevance of Advanced Age and Atherosclerosis in Preclinical Trials of Biotherapies for Peripheral Artery Disease
Authors: Webster Keith A
Published: December 2023

Approximately 6% of adults worldwide suffer from peripheral artery disease (PAD) primarily caused by atherosclerosis of lower limb arteries. Despite optimal medicine and revascularization, many PAD patients remain symptomatic and progress to critical limb ischemia (CLI) and risk major amputation. Delivery of pro-angiogenic factors as proteins or DNA, stem or progenitor cells confers vascular regeneration and functional recovery in animal models of CLI, but the effects are not well replicated in patients and no pro-angiogenic biopharmacological procedures are approved in the US. The reasons are unclear, but animal models that do not represent clinical PAD/CLI are implicated. Consequently, it is unclear whether the obstacles to clinical success lie in the toxic biochemical milieu of human CLI, or in procedures that were optimized by inappropriate models. The question is significant because the former case requires abandonment of current strategies, while the latter encourages continued optimization. These issues are discussed in the context of relevant preclinical and clinical data, and it is concluded that preclinical mouse models that include age and atherosclerosis as the only comorbidities that are consistently present and active in clinical trial patients are essential to predict clinical success. Of the reviewed materials, no biopharmacological procedure that failed in clinical trials had been tested in animal models that included advanced age and atherosclerosis relevant to PAD/CLI.
A Comparison of Clinical Outcomes of Robot-Assisted and Conventional Laparoscopic Surgery
Authors: Chabot Storm , Calleja-Agius Jean , Horeman Tim
Published: December 2023

Background: Robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery robot-assisted surgical system has gained significant popularity over open and laparoscopic interventions. However, given its high costs, it remains unclear what clinical advantages robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery offers over conventional laparoscopic surgery. Objective: This umbrella review aims to synthesize and compare the clinical outcomes of robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery versus conventional laparoscopic surgery for five surgical procedures. Inclusion criteria: All systematic reviews and meta-analyses published in the past five years that compared the clinical outcomes of conventional laparoscopic surgery and robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery for cholecystectomy, colectomy, hysterectomy, nephrectomy and/or prostatectomy were included. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed and Scopus. The quality of all included reviews was assessed with the AMSTAR 2 quality assessment tool. Each review’s study characteristics (and a list of primary sources) were extracted, along with the quantitative and qualitative data for the following ten clinical outcomes: blood loss, rate of conversion to open surgery, hospitalization costs, incisional hernia rate, intraoperative complication rate, postoperative complication rate, length of hospital stay, operative time, readmission rate and wound infection rate. Results: Fifty-two systematic reviews and (network) meta-analyses were included in this umbrella review, covering more than 1,288,425 patients from 1046 primary sources published between 1996 and 2022. The overall quality of the included reviews was assessed to be low or critically low. Robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery yielded comparable results as conventional laparoscopic surgery in terms of blood loss, conversion to open surgery rate, intraoperative complication rate, postoperative complication rate, readmission rate and wound infection rate for most surgical procedures. While the hospitalization costs of robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery were higher and the operative times of robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery were longer than conventional laparoscopic surgery, robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery reduced the length of hospital stay of patients in nearly all cases. Conclusion: Robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery achieved comparable results with conventional laparoscopic surgery for cholecystectomy, colectomy, hysterectomy, nephrectomy and prostatectomy based on ten clinical outcomes. Further research is needed to prove that robot-assisted laparoscopy is as safe and reliable as conventional laparoscopic surgery.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Diabetes Self-Management in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Sales Ibrahim , Bawazeer Ghada , Abdul-Wahhab Shahba Ahmad , Alkofide Hadeel
Published: December 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted healthcare worldwide, potentially impacting disease management. This cross-sectional study assessed the influence of COVID-19 on diabetes self-management in 341 Saudis with type 2 diabetes using the Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ). The DSMQ contains 16 items across 4 domains assessing glucose management, dietary control, physical activity, and healthcare use. Three additional items measured the perceived overall impact of COVID-19. Total DSMQ scores were significantly higher in patients aged >60 years versus younger groups. Scores were significantly lower in patients diagnosed for 1-5 years versus longer durations. Patients on insulin had higher glucose management subscores than oral medication users. Overall, DSMQ scores were higher than the pre-pandemic Saudi population and Turkish post-pandemic findings. DSMQ results suggest that while COVID-19 negatively impacted some self-management domains, Saudi patients upheld relatively good diabetes control during the pandemic. Further research is warranted on specific barriers to optimize diabetes care during public health crises.
Telomere length variation in model Bryophytes
Authors: Valeeva Liia R , Sannikova Anastasia , Shafigullina Nadiya R , Abdulkina Liliia R , Sharipova Margarita Rashidovna , Shakirov Eugene V
Published: December 2023

The ends of linear chromosomes of most eukaryotes consist of protein-bound DNA arrays called telomeres, which play essential roles in protecting genome integrity. Despite general evolutionary conservation in function, telomeric DNA is known to drastically vary in length and sequence between different eukaryotic lineages. Bryophytes are a group of early diverging land plants that include mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. This group of ancient land plants recently emerged as a new model for important discoveries in genomics and evolutionary biology, as well as for understanding plant adaptations to a terrestrial lifestyle. We measured telomere length in different ecotypes of model Bryophyte species, including Physcomitrium patens, Marchantia polymorpha, Ceratodon purpureus, and in Sphagnum isolates. Our data indicate that all analyzed moss and liverwort genotypes have relatively short telomeres. Furthermore, all analyzed ecotypes and isolates of model mosses and liverworts display evidence of substantial natural variation in telomere length. Interestingly, telomere length also differs between male and female strains of the dioecious liverwort M. polymorpha and dioecious moss C. purpureus. Given that Bryophytes are extraordinarily well-adapted to different ecological niches from polar to tropical environments, our data will contribute to understanding the impact of natural telomere length variation on evolutionary adaptations in this ancient land plant lineage.
Topological Data Analysis in Cardiovascular Signals: An Overview
Authors: Hernández-Lemus Enrique , Miramontes Pedro , Martinez-Garcia Mireya
Published: December 2023

Topological data analysis (TDA) is a recent approach for analyzing and interpreting complex data sets, based on ideas a branch of mathematics called algebraic topology. TDA has proven useful to disentangle non-trivial data structure in a broad range of data analytics problems including the study of cardiovascular signals. This review aims to provide an overview of the application of TDA to cardiovascular signals and its potential to enhance the understanding of cardiovascular diseases and their treatment. We first introduce the concept of TDA and its key techniques, including persistent homology, Mapper, and multidimensional scaling. We then discuss the use of TDA in analyzing various cardiovascular signals, including electrocardiography, photoplethysmography, and arterial stiffness. We also discuss the potential of TDA to improve the diagnosis and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases, as well as its limitations and challenges. Finally, we outline future directions for the use of TDA in cardiovascular signal analysis and its potential impact on clinical practice. Overall, TDA has shown great promise as a powerful tool for the analysis of complex cardiovascular signals and may offer significant insights into the understanding and management of cardiovascular diseases.
Acute Kidney Injury Associated with Severe Leptospirosis: Fatal Re-Emerging Disease in Latin-America
Authors: Osorio-Rodríguez Elber , Rodelo-Barrios Dairo , Rebolledo-Maldonado Carlos , Polo-Barranco Alberto , Patiño-Patiño Jhonny , Aldana-Roa Mauricio , Sánchez-Daza Valeria , Sierra-Ordoñez Emily , Bettin-Martínez Alfonso
Published: December 2023

Leptospirosis is a re-emerging zoonotic disease that has had an unprecedented impact on most health systems in the world. The spectrum of symptoms is variable and usually ranges from asymptomatic cases to severe manifestations involving multiple organ dysfunction accompanied by jaundice, hemorrhage, meningitis, and acute kidney injury that requires the need for intensive care assistance. Although early antibiotic treatment is usually effective, in severe cases it may require renal replacement therapy, invasive mechanical ventilation, vasoactive support, and invasive hemodynamic monitoring, increasing the risk of death. In Latin America, the real burden of acute kidney injury in this condition is unknown and may be underestimated due to the rapid progression of the disease, similar to other vector zoonoses, and the low coverage of diagnostic tests in primary care, especially in rural regions. Therefore, below, we review the clinical aspects and describe the scientific, clinical, and therapeutic evidence of acute kidney injury attributed to Leptospira spp. and its relevance in patients with severe leptospirosis in Latin America.
Metabolite Biomarkers for Early Ischemic Hypoxic Encephalopathy: An Experimental Study Using the NeoBase 2 MSMS Kit in a Rat Model
Authors: Shevtsova Yulia , Starodubtseva Natalia , Tokareva Alisa , Goryunov Kirill , Sadekova Alsu , Vedikhina Irina , Ivanetz Tatiana , Ionov Oleg , Frankevich Vladimir , Plotnikov Egor , Sukhikh Gennady , Zorov Dmitry , Silachev Denis
Published: December 2023

Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is one of the most common causes of childhood disability. Hypothermic therapy is currently the only approved neuroprotective approach. However, early diagnosis of HIE can be challenging, especially in the first hours after birth when the decision to treat with hypothermic therapy is critical. Differentiating HIE from other neonatal conditions, such as sepsis, further complicates the diagnosis. This study investigated the utility of a metabolomic-based approach using the NeoBase 2 MSMS kit to diagnose HIE using dry blood stains in a Rice-Vannucci model of HIE in rats. We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of this method between 3 and 6 hours after the onset of HIE, including in the context of systemic inflammation and concomitant hypothermic therapy. Discriminant analysis revealed several metabolite patterns associated with HIE. A logistic regression model using glycine levels achieved high diagnostic accuracy with areas under the curve (AUC) of 0.94 at 3 hours and 0.96 at 6 hours after the onset of HIE. In addition, orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis, which included five metabolites, achieved 100% sensitivity and 80% specificity within 3 hours of HIE. These results highlight the significant potential of the NeoBase 2 MSMS kit for the early diagnosis of HIE and could improve patient management and outcomes in this serious illness.
Comparative biology of Leptocybe invasa (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) in green and pink galls on Eucalyptus in North Western India
Authors: Nag Saloni , Sangha Kamaldeep Singh , Dhillon Gurvinder Pal Singh
Published: December 2023

Leptocybe invasa Fisher & La Salle is an invasive pest, native to Australia, causing heavy damage in Eucalyptus nurseries and plantations throughout the world.Biology of L. invasa on Eucalyptus was studied during 2020-2021 at Ludhiana, Punjab. To study the biology throughout the year, leaf samples were tagged four times on 15 March, 15 June, 15 September and 15 December. Adult emergence was observed from two types of galls viz., pink and green-coloured galls during summer months and from pink coloured galls during winter months. When adults emerged from pink-coloured galls, the life cycle was completed in 115-150 days consisting of five stages of gall development viz. Stage 1 (Tissue disruption), Stage 2 (Gall development), Stage 3 (Glossy pink), Stage 4 (Dull pink) and Stage 5 (Exit hole). During summer months, life cycle of L. invasa was completed in 115-119 days when adults emerged from pink coloured galls. However, life cycle of L. invasa was extended in winter season due to hibernation in larval and pupal stage and life cycle was completed in 150 days. Additionally, adult emergence was also observed from green galls during summer months and life cycle of L. invasa was completed in 86-89 days. Further, when adults emerged from green coloured galls in summer months, stage 3 and stage 4 were not observed. Adult longevity was significantly higher when adults were fed on honey water solution (6.16 days) followed by only water (4.56 days) and young Eucalyptusleaves (3.62 days). However, adult longevity was lowest when kept without food (3.16 days). Gall width ranges between 2.76-2.91 mm and gall length ranged from 5.22-5.32 mm. Shape of galls was bump shaped. So, in current study we recorded time taken for completion of L. invasa life cycle varied with respect to season and total life cycle of L. invasa was completed in 86-150 days depending upon the season. In winter season the larva and pupa hibernated extending the life cycle of L. invasaduring cold months. There is immense potential for rapid population build-up of L. invasa over multiple generations in a year.
Cell free DNA in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma: clinicopathologic correlations
Authors: Theparee Talent , Akroush Michael , Sabatini Linda M. , Mangold Kathy A. , Joseph Nora , Stocker Susan Jane , Freedman Alexa , Talamonti Mark S. , Kaul Karen
Published: December 2023

Detection of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) from plasma cell free DNA (cfDNA) has shown promise for diagnosis, therapeutic targeting, and prognosis. This study explores ctDNA detection by next generation sequencing (NGS) and associated clinicopathologic factors in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Patients undergoing surgical exploration or resection of pancreatic lesions were enrolled with informed consent. Plasma samples (4–6 ml) were collected prior to surgery and cell free DNA was recovered from 95 of 96 plasma samples. Adequate cfDNA was obtained from 81 patients which underwent next-generation sequencing using the Oncomine Lung cfDNA assay on the Ion Torrent S5 sequencing platform. Twenty-five patients (26.3%) had detectable mutations inKRASorTP53with allele frequencies ranging from 0.05–8.5%. Detectable ctDNA mutations were more frequent in patients with poorly differentiated tumors, and patients without detectable ctDNA mutations showed longer survival (medians of 10.5 months vs. 18 months, p = 0.019). The detection of circulating tumor DNA in pancreatic adenocarcinomas is correlated with worse survival outcomes.
Adsorption and activation of SO2 and SO3 over [Fe(CB6)]: A DFT study
Authors: Madarasi Packirisamy Kuzhalmozhi
Published: December 2023

The increasing concentration of atmosphere SOx is a big threat to the society. Development of materials that could efficiently remove the increasing SOx is a hot area of research. The present study deals with adsorption and activation of SO2 and SO3 over [Fe(CB6)] using density functional theory (DFT). Interaction of SO2 and SO3 with [Fe(CB6)] have been checked in two different orientations. The result shows that orientation-2 of SO2 leads to activation of SO2 with the transfer of an oxygen atom to the metal center of [Fe(CB6)]. The study outcome shows that [Fe(CB6)] can be a potential storage/trapping device for SO3 and a catalyst for SO2 activation.
Survival benefit of maintenance therapy in AML: a retrospective study in Iran
Authors: Shariatmaghani Somayeh Sadat , Allahyari Abollghasem , Rahimi Hossein , Kamandi Mostafa , Mozaheb Zahra , Shamsi Mohsen Seddigh , Azimi Sajad Ataei , Bary Alireza , Mohaddes Tahereh , Emadzadeh Maryam , Nazar Eisa , Davoudi Farnoush , Borojerdi Zahra Rezaei , Nodeh Mohammad Moeini
Published: December 2023

Purpose
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is associated with high relapse rates even in patients who achieve complete remission. The lack of availability of oral azacitidine in some countries has limited its use. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of AML patients with and without maintenance therapy using available drugs.
Methods
This retrospective cohort study reviewed the charts of AML patients treated in oncology centers in northeast Iran from February 2015 to February 2021. The study included patients who experienced complete remission following induction and consolidation chemotherapy and did not undergo Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. Patients were categorized based on whether they received maintenance therapy after first-line treatment or were only followed up. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were compared between these groups.
Results
A total of 100 patients (1:1 ratio) met the inclusion criteria. There were no significant differences between the two groups. 39 individuals (78%) in the follow-up group and 26 individuals (54.2%) in the maintenance group died between complete remission and February 2021 (p = 0.01). The Median (95% CI) DFS in the follow-up and maintenance groups were 11 (8.6–13.3) and 18 (7.3–28.6) months, respectively (P = 0.03). The median OS (95% CI) was 16 (10.8–21.1) months in the follow-up group and 23 (10.8–35) months in the maintenance group (P = 0.04). Further comparisons between patients who received subcutaneous cytarabine and oral thioguanine revealed no significant differences in DFS or OS.
Conclusion
The study results suggest that maintenance therapy with subcutaneous cytarabine or oral thioguanine after complete remission in patients with AML is associated with improved DFS and OS.
Human O-linked Glycosylation Site Prediction Using Pretrained Protein Language Model
Authors: Pakhrin Subash , Chauhan Neha , Khan Salman , Upadhyaya Jamie , Keller Charles , Neuman Laurie , Beck Moriah , Blanco Eduardo
Published: December 2023

O-linked glycosylation of proteins is an essential post-translational modification process in Homo sapiens, where the attachment of a sugar moiety occurs at the oxygen atom of serine and/or threonine residues. This modification plays a pivotal role in various biological and cellular functions. While threonine or serine residues in a protein sequence are potential sites for O-linked glycosylation, not all threonine or serine residues are O-linked glycosylated. Furthermore, the modification is reversible. Hence, it is of vital importance to characterize if and when O-linked glycosylation occurs. We propose a multi-layer perceptron-based approach termed OglyPred-PLM which leverages the contextualized embeddings produced from the ProtT5-XL-UniRef50 protein language model that significantly improves the prediction performance of human O-linked glycosylation sites. OglyPred-PLM surpassed the performance of other indispensable O-linked glycosylation predictors on the independent benchmark dataset. This demonstrates that OglyPred-PLM is a powerful and unique computational tool to predict O-linked glycosylation sites in proteins and thus will accelerate the discovery of unknown O-linked glycosylation sites in proteins.
Genetic Mutation Patterns Among Glioblastoma Patients in the Taiwanese Population – Insights from a Single Institution Retrospective Study
Authors: Shen Chiung-Chyi , Hung Yu-Fen , Chiao Ming-Tsang , Hsiao Tzu-Hung , Zhan Yong-Xiang , Chen Tse-Yu , Lee Chung-Hsin , Liao Chih-Hsiang , Cheng Wen-Yu , Yen Chun-Ming , Chen Jun-Peng , Lai Chih-Ming , Yang Meng-Yin
Published: December 2023

This study employed NGS to investigate genetic factors influencing extended (A: over two years) versus abbreviated (B: under two years) survival in GBM. We analyzed 30 treatment-naïve GBM patients, categorizing them into two groups: over two years (N = 17) and under two years (N = 13) survival. The ClinVar database aided in confirming pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants. The cohort, aged 23 to 66 (median: 53), included 17 patients in Group A (survival > 2 years, 10 males, 7 females), and 13 patients in Group B (survival < 2 years, 8 males, 5 females), with a 60–40% male-to-female ratio. Identified mutations included CHEK2 (c.1477G > A, p.E493K), IDH1 (c.395G > A, p.R132H), and TP53 mutations. Non-coding regions exhibited variants in the TERT promoter (c.-146C > T, c.-124C > T) and TP53 RNA splicing site (c.376-2A > C, c.376-2A > G). While Group A had more mutations, statistical significance wasn't reached, likely due to sample size. Notably, TP53, and ATR displayed a trend toward significance. Surprisingly, TP53 mutations were more prevalent in Group A, contradicting Western findings on poorer GBM prognosis. In Taiwanese GBM patients, bevacizumab usage is linked to improved survival rates, affirming its safety and effectiveness. EGFR mutations are infrequent, suggesting potential distinctions in carcinogenic pathways. Further research on EGFR mutations and amplifications is essential for refining therapeutic approaches. TP53 mutations are associated with enhanced survival, but their functional implications necessitate detailed exploration. This study pioneers genetic analysis in Taiwanese GBM patients using NGS, advancing our understanding of their genetic landscape.
Machine Learning Risk Prediction Model for 6-Month Postoperative Prognosis after Anti-Reflux Surgery for Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Authors: Liu Chuangxiong , Ma Ning , Ma Tao , Huang Hao-Nan , Huang En-Ming , Tang Fu-Xing , Chen Shuang , Zhou Taicheng
Published: December 2023

Background: Anti-reflux surgery is an effective treatment for GERD, but personalized prognosis tools are lacking.
Methods: This prospective study included patients undergoing laparoscopic anti-reflux surgery at a single center. The outcome of interest was the 6-month postoperative prognosis. Random forest analysis was used to identify predictors, and multivariate logistic regression was used to construct a clinical prediction model. Model performance was evaluated using leave-one-out cross-validation and area under the curve (AUC)
Results: Seven important variables were identified, and two independent factors, "distal contractile integral" and "proximal distance of the lower esophageal sphincter," were selected for the clinical prediction model. The model demonstrated an AUC of 0.902 (CI: 0.8458-0.9587), and the leave-one-out cross-validation yielded an ROC of 0.890, with sensitivity of 0.575, specificity of 0.920, and accuracy of 0.826. The model showed good discrimination, calibration, and clinical utility.
Conclusion: A validated clinical prediction model was developed to effectively predict the risk of poor prognosis after anti-reflux surgery. Its implementation can assist patients and surgeons in making informed decisions and improving patient outcomes.
Horizontal lithium electrodeposition on atomically polarized monolayer hexagonal boron nitride
Authors: Lee Sang-Young , Kim Seung-Hyeok , Kim Minsu , Kristanto Imanuel , Kim Won-Yeong , Ryu Kun , Kim Hong-I , Ma Kyung Yeol , Heo Cheol , Kwak Sang Kyu , Meng Ying Shirley , Shin Hyeon Suk
Published: December 2023

Both uncontrolled Li dendrite growth and corrosion are major obstacles to the practical application of Li metal batteries. Despite numerous attempts to address these challenges, effective solutions for dendrite-free reversible Li electrodeposition have remained elusive. Here, we demonstrate the horizontal Li electrodeposition on top of atomically-polarized monolayer hexagonal boron nitride (hBN). Theoretical investigations revealed that the hexagonal lattice configuration and polarity of the monolayer hBN, devoid of dangling bonds, reduced the energy barrier for the surface diffusion of Li, thus facilitating reversible in-plane Li growth. Moreover, the single-atom-thick hBN deposited on a Cu current collector (monolayer hBN/Cu) facilitated the formation of an inorganic-rich, homogeneous solid electrolyte interphase layer, which enabled the uniform Li+ flux and suppressed Li corrosion. Consequently, Li metal and anode-free full cells containing the monolayer hBN/Cu exhibited improved rate performance and cycle life. This study suggests that the monolayer hBN is a promising class of underlying seed-layer to enable dendrite- and corrosion-free, horizontal Li electrodeposition for sustainable Li metal anodes in next-generation batteries.
The role of prejudice and prior contact in support for evidence-based interventions to reduce drug-related deaths: Results from a survey across the island of Ireland.
Authors: Miller Nicole M , Campbell Claire , Shorter Gillian W
Published: December 2023

Background Stigmatized attitudes, opinions on opioid use, and prior contact with people who use drugs (PWUD) can contribute to what policies are supported and implemented to reduce drug-related deaths. This study examined how these variables relate to policy support for implementation of supervised injection sites, laws protecting bystander at the scene of an overdose, and over the counter naloxone on the island of Ireland.Methods A sample of 472 adults across the Island of Ireland completed an online survey. Hierarchical linear regression was performed to examine associations between respondent attitudes and policy support. Mediation analysis explored how stigma mediated the relationship between prior contact and policy support. Open-ended questions explored attitudes further and were analysed using codebook Thematic Analysis.Results The final model accounted for 29% of the variance in policy support. Non sympathetic attitudes towards people who use opioids predicted less policy support (β=-.18) and agreement that PWUD were not criminals predicted more policy support (β = .14). Mediation analysis showed that medium or high levels of familiarity with PWUD (compared to low) reduced social stigma, avoidance, and disgust which in turn increased levels of policy support. Medium familiarity (compared to low) showed a small indirect effect via sympathetic attitudes and condemnation. Meta-inferences from the qualitative analysis evidenced mechanisms of stigma and prior contact.Conclusion Stigma reduction programs should consider the role of prejudice and target negative emotional reactions such as lack of sympathy towards PWUD. Programs aimed at reducing stigma should be informed by the lived or living experience of PWUD, families and carers, to help increase social acceptance, understanding, and policy support.
Association between Serum Creatinine and Cognitive Impairment in US Older Adults
Authors: Wang Xinping , Lu Xiaoyan
Published: December 2023

Background and aims:
The global rise in the aging population has brought cognitive impairment to the forefront as a prevailing concern. Serum creatinine (Cre), an indicator of renal function, has been proposed as a potential predictor of cognitive impairment. However, the existing clinical literature lacks a unified conclusion on the association between serum Cre and cognitive impairment.
Methods
We utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted from 2011 to 2014 to investigate the association between serum Cre and cognitive impairment. Cognitive function was assessed using three tests: Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD), Animal Fluency (AF), and Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST). Cognitive impairment was defined based on cutoff values: CERAD < 5, AF < 14, and DSST < 34. A cross-sectional study employing a weighted multiple logistic regression model was conducted to demonstrate the association between serum Cre and cognitive impairment. To explore any potential nonlinear relationship, generalized additive models (GAM) and a smooth curve fit utilizing the penalty spline method were applied. Subgroup analysis and interaction tests were performed using the likelihood ratio test.
Results
A total of 2771 participants aged ≥ 60 years were included in the study. The data revealed an association between serum Cre levels and an increased risk of cognitive impairment, as measured by the DSST test [full adjustment, OR = 1.004, 95% CI: 1.001–1.006]. Additionally, the Q4 group in the AF test showed an elevated risk of cognitive impairment [full adjustment, OR = 1.445, 95% CI: 1.012–2.062]. To analyze the model, a two-piecewise linear regression model was employed. The calculated inflection point for serum Cre was 138.79 µmol/L. Participants falling on the left of this inflection point or with serum Cre levels less than 138.79 µmol/L, based on the AF test, exhibited an OR value of 1.007 (95% CI: 1.001, 1.013) and a p-value of 0.03, indicating a significant association with cognitive impairment. Furthermore, subgroup analysis and interaction tests demonstrated a significantly increased risk of cognitive impairment associated with serum Cre levels in female participants, as observed in both the AF and DSST tests.
Conclusions
The cross-sectional association between serum Cre and cognitive impairment was found to be non-linear, with a threshold level of 138.79 µmol/L. In order to further validate our findings and explore possible mechanisms, upcoming large-scale prospective clinical trials will employ a greater number of samples and utilize highly effective data collection methods.
Assessment of Molecular pattern of Beta Thalassemia Children in El Minya Governorate (Single Center Study)
Authors: Hakeem Gehan Lotfy Abdel , Monir Aliaa , Farag Naglaa Makram , yousef Lina Ahmed , Mahgoob Mohamed Hashim
Published: December 2023

Background
Thalassemia is one of the commonest autosomal recessive disorders in Mediterranean populations and are very heterogeneous at the molecular level. Β-Thalassemia has high mutation rate and genetic modifiers. Several prevention screening programs for carrier detection and prenatal diagnosis have been proposed which its success depends on knowledge of most frequent prevalent mutations in each region. This study aims to assess molecular changes in Beta thalassemia patients and correlation of these molecular changes with their clinical outcomes.
Patients and Methods
The sstudy was conducted on 148 β thalassemia patients with age range of 2 -18 years living in Minya governorate. Patients were subjected to full history, clinical examination and diagnostic laboratory investigations .
Results
One hundred and forty-eight Egyptian children with β-thalassemia from El Minya governorate were screened for genetic mutations that are common in Mediterranean area by direct DNA sequencing. Twenty-two different mutations were studied which are the common mutation in North Africa and Mediterranean basin region. Out of these 22 mutations, nine were positive while 13 were not detected. 81% were homozygous mutations (IVS 848 59.5%, IVS 745 40%, IVS 1.1 35.1%, IVS 1.6 21.6%) while 19% were heterozygote mutations (IVS 1.110 10.8%, IVS 1.116 5.4% and IVS 2.1 2.7%).
Conclusion
B-Thalassemia mutation profile in El Minya governorate is totally different from those proved in other Areas in Egypt.