bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comparison of Three Orthodontic Treatment Indices with Regard to Angle Classification
Authors: Kaygisiz Emine , Uzuner Fatma Deniz , Taner Lale
Published: March 2016

Objectives: To calculate the agreement between the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) and the Index of Complexity, Outcome and Need (ICON) in assessing orthodontic treatment need and to determine correlations between the Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) and DAI and ICON scores according to Angle classification among patients referred for orthodontic evaluation.

Study Design: This study included 457 randomly selected patients between 9 to17 years of age. Patients were divided into four groups according to Angle classification [Class I (n=154), Class II division 1(Class II/1) (n=155), Class II division 2(Class II/2) (n=52) and Class III (n=96)]. Relationships between PAR scores and ICON and DAI scores were evaluated with the Spearman correlation test. Unweighted kappa statistics were used to analyse agreement between the ICON and DAI on the need for treatment, according to Angle classification. Results: Class I malocclusions scored significantly lower than other Angle classifications in all indices. Both the ICON and DAI showed significant positive correlations with the PAR in the general study population. For Class II/2 patients, no correlation was found between PAR and DAI scores. There was significant agreement between the ICON and DAI on treatment need among Class I, Class II/1 and Class II/2 patients however, no agreement was found for Class III malocclusions. Conclusions: The ICON, DAI and PAR produce similar results and can be used interchangeably for the general orthodontic patient population. However, based on Angle classification, prominent differences exist in scoring certain occlusal features.
Introduction
Authors: Lillie Timothy
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Categorical Eligibility for Special Education: The Enshrinement of the Medical Model in Disability Policy
Authors: Triano Sarah
Published: March 2016

To qualify for the right to a free and appropriate public education, disabled students in most states must meet the categorical eligibility requirements outlined in Section 300.7 of IDEA. The fundamental question posed in this article is: do students with disabilities really have a right to equal educational opportunity when that right is tied to a stigmatizing label based on a medical model of disability? This article attempts to answer that question through an analysis of (a) the history of categorical eligibility for special education (b) its purpose and (c) its problems. It then examines some of the changes that have been proposed to current eligibility policies and practices. The article concludes with a rejection of both categorical and non-categorical eligibility and calls for a fundamental restructuring of the educational system and a reconceptualization of the right to equal educational opportunity for students with disabilities.
The Role of Parents as Advocates for the Transition Rights of Their Disabled Youth
Authors: Austin James
Published: March 2016

This article describes the need for parents to be equal partners in the transition programming of their disabled child. Parents play a crucial role in the lives of their disabled children even after their son or daughter has made the transition to adulthood. Parents have a role to play in ensuring that the rights mandated to their disabled children by Federal law are made available to them. Parents can assist in making sure their children understand the services available to them after they leave school. Several barriers to parent participation are discussed and strategies offered to empower parents to serve as advocates for their son or daughter.
Resources
Authors: Editor The
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
The Art of Political Manipulation: An Addendum
Authors: Eames Ed
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Personal Perspectives from Professionals: Mentoring and Role Modeling in the Ocean of Potentiality Program and Its Impact towards a New Paradigm
Authors: Radtke Richard , Skouge James
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
A Comparative Study of Services to Disabled Students in Public Colleges and Universities in the United States and in Massachusetts
Authors: Pfeiffer David , Schein Andrea
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Profitability, Diversity, and Disability Images in Advertising in the United States and Great Britain
Authors: Haller Beth , Ralph Sue
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
The Exclusion of Persons with Physical Disabilities from Prime Time Television Advertising: A Two Year Quantitative Analysis
Authors: Ganahl Dennis , Arbuckle Mark
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Other Research -- Alcohol and Substance Use by Adolescents and Young Adults with Recent Spinal Cord and Traumatic Brain Injuries
Authors: Block Pamela , Bock Beth , Becker Bruce , Everhart Sarah
Published: March 2016

Alcohol and substance use constitute a significant health risk for people with disabilities. Rates of alcohol and substance use are higher among individuals with disabilities, often play a contributing role in the onset of injury-related disability, and severely disrupt the effectiveness of post-injury rehabilitation. This ethnographic study of 24 youths participating in a 5-week residential rehabilitation program confirms a high prevalence of problematic use of alcohol and substances that create psychological and physiological barriers to rehabilitation. Family history and pre-injury alcohol and substance use were common among study participants; however, social needs appeared to significantly contribute to continued alcohol and substance use. This paper presents the results of this research employing individual case examples to explore these dimensions of alcohol and substance use among college-age youths with disabilities and discusses opportunities for alcohol and substance use intervention.
From the Field -- Implementation of Disability Studies within Post Secondary Education: An Australian Perspective
Authors: Parmenter Trevor
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
From the Field -- Worth Living
Authors: Johnson Harriet
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Deafness as Culture: A Psychosocial Perspective
Authors: Jones Megan
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
The Effects of Language and Culture Variables to the Rehabilitation of Bilingual and Bicultural Consumers: A Review of Literature Study Focusing on Hispanic Americans and Asian Americans
Authors: Wong-Hernandez Lucy , Wong Daniel
Published: March 2016

There has been a sizable growth in the proportion of multicultural populations in the United States from 1980- 1999, and an even larger proportion of culturally different populations is projected for the year 2009. Persons with disabilities, in particular, from Hispanic and Asian cultures represent a substantial proportion of the disabled population in the United States. Recent legislation mandates practices relevant to the rehabilitation, independent living, and employment needs of persons with disabilities in multicultural communities. Cultural variables affecting these populations, such as values and believes, rehabilitation expectations, and attitudes towards disabilities, are examined in this article. Language, acculturation and assimilation are also viewed as important contributors during the rehabilitation process of bicultural clients. The need for rehabilitation professionals to become more competent regarding multicultural issues, as mandated by new regulations, is emphasized.
Other Research -- Information Technology for Protected Individuals: A Survey of Current Status
Authors: Tabatabaei Manouchehr
Published: March 2016

Information technology has greatly impacted the life of everyone in recent years. It is therefore important to be aware of current technology and know how it can improve functional participation in today's society that is better known as the "Information" Society. The purpose is to foster equality in using technology for everyone, able or disabled. Everyone should have equal access to technology and the presence of a disability should not preclude one from this benefit. The purpose of this article is to summarize important developments in computer technology for individuals experiencing disability and to provide a brief explanation of how they can be utilized to promote participation in society.
Introduction: Counselling, Therapy and Emancipatory Praxis
Authors: Marks Deborah
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Anorexia: Illuminating Impairment or Dishonourable Disability?
Authors: Tierney Stephanie
Published: March 2016

Since its evolution in the 1960s the social model of disability, forged as an alternative to the medical model, has become increasingly established and influential. Consequently, supporters of this way of thinking have felt able to criticise it. Anorexia, not generally included in Disability Studies, will be used below to address perceived flaws in the social model, for instance its neglect of impairment and experience. While not providing answers to these disagreements, this article hopes to promote further discussion and raise issues of concern to those who are familiar with the social model and to those with an interest in anorexia.
Some Reflections from Twenty Years of Psychoanalytic Work with Children and Adults with a Learning Disability
Authors: Sinason Valerie
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Disability and Love
Authors: Brown Steven
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Bibliography -- An Annotated Bibliography on Bioethics
Authors: Pfeiffer David
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Off the Wall -- A Circus of Citations
Authors: Pfeiffer David
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Discrimination, Sexuality and People with Significant Disabilities: Issues of Access and The Right to Sexual Expression in the United States
Authors: Wade Holly
Published: March 2016

A review of legislation, policy and practice was conducted to outline the conflicting issues that contribute to the currently widespread discrimination of people with significant disabilities in the United States and their access to sexuality education and expression. Although many individuals with significant disabilities face discrimination on multiple levels, barriers to sexuality seem pervasive in most environments that people encounter. While some individuals with significant disabilities have been successful in establishing and maintaining intimate relationships, many continue to face isolation in the communities in which they live. This paper will outline the issues that surround and contribute to the discrimination of people with significant disabilities in the United States with regard to their right to sexuality and discuss the need for new policies that will serve as potential remedies for this national problem.
Adventures in Child-Rearing: The Sexual Life of a Child Growing Up With Down Syndrome
Authors: Fitzmaurice Susan
Published: March 2016

The sexual development of one child with Down syndrome is detailed from his infancy through his adolescence. This paper confronts society's often held notion that a person labeled with mental retardation is asexual, amoral, or immoral, and incapable of learning how to make reasoned decisions about his own sexual behavior. It is written by and from the perspective of his mother, a disabled disability advocate and a former special education teacher, but includes references to others who have had an impact on the choices that might have affected his sexual development. Her son is quoted both from notes she has taken throughout his life and his memories in response to hearing the draft of this article read aloud at the age of nearly nineteen.
Doing the Wild Thing: Supporting an Ordinary Sexual Life for People with Intellectual Disabilities
Authors: Hamilton Carol
Published: March 2016

For many people who are called disabled, having this label means to be excluded from the experience of 'an ordinary sexual life'. For those who are called intellectually disabled exclusion from experiences of any kind of positive sexual life is almost universal. This article explores how some people with intellectual disabilities have sought to open up pathways towards accessing experiences of sexual expression as a way to move forward towards being able to integrate a concept of sexuality into their lives. Two support workers are interviewed. Both are employed by a Human Services organization in Aotearoa, New Zealand, which provides long term support for people with intellectual disabilities. Their comments reveal that access to successful instances of sexual expression for people in this group are currently only available those who are articulate enough and persistent enough to keep trying until they succeed. Barriers to success are isolated and some wider issues surrounding what changes might positively affect this group are discussed.
Whose Sex is it Anyway?: Freedom of Exploration and Expression of Sexuality of an Individual Living with Brain Injury in a Supported Independent Living Environment
Authors: Shue Karen , Flores Ana
Published: March 2016

Individuals living with the effects of a disability have varying degrees of access to sexual opportunities, i.e., "sexual access", when residing in institutions and more structured living environments. Individuals living with the effects of brain injury (BI) and living in a supported independent living environment (SIL) may face cognitive, behavioural, and psychosocial disabilities that present additional challenges to sexual expression and relationships. Issues relating to sexual accessibility in a SIL environment for individuals living with the effects of BI are discussed through a case study. Particular attention is paid to the impact on sexual accessibility of prior experience, legal competency, need for instrumental support, and attitudes of those working directly with these individuals. Ongoing education must address the attitudinal and societal perceptions that affect sexual accessibility for men and women with disabilities.
Incorporating Sexual Surrogacy into The Ontario Direct Funding Program
Authors: Shapiro Lawrence
Published: March 2016

Sexual surrogacy is an often overlooked and misunderstood concept in modern society where it is frequently seen as being a type of glorified prostitution. In fact, sexual surrogacy functions as a real and meaningful form of erotic communication and self-realization and is practised widely in the United States. People with disabilities in the Canadian province of Ontario who may not have access to sexual partners and who are seeking greater personal fulfillment should have the cost of sexual surrogates incorporated into their government-sponsored personalized funding program in order to access this critical aspect of disability rehabilitation whose fundamental objective is the achievement of sexual self-esteem.
Sex, Disability And Motherhood: Access To Sexuality For Disabled Mothers
Authors: O'Toole Corbett
Published: March 2016

There is limited research into the sexual lives of mothers, particularly mothers with disabilities. This article examines the barriers to sexuality facing mothers with disabilities. These barriers include: stereotypes that disabled mothers are not sexual, lack of resources for essential aspects of parenting, and difficulty in creating time for personal and private adult activities. Recommendations are presented based on the experiences of disabled mothers.
Leisure: A Pathway to Love and Intimacy
Authors: Howard David , Young Mary
Published: March 2016

Individuals with disabilities, regardless of the type or nature of their condition, are likely to face certain challenges as they seek a high quality of life. Participation in healthy and constructive leisure should be an important and meaningful part of every person's life. Whether considered as free time away from work, a set of activities chosen for relaxation, recreation or enjoyment, or simply a 'state of mind' to which one escapes for peace or reflection, leisure is valued by people as an important feature of life. Leisure and recreation activities also serve as the primary means by which people come into contact with one another and form relationships and eventually opportunities for sexual expression. This article discusses important issues related to people with disabilities and quality of life as it relates to the role of leisure in sexuality. Specifically, definitions and historical perspectives of leisure are shared, components of leisure and barriers to leisure are addressed, information about the discipline of recreation therapy is presented, and the impact of leisure on disability and sexuality is explored.
Freak Fucker: Stereotypical Representations of Sexuality in British Disability Art
Authors: Gowland Ronda
Published: March 2016

Political in aesthetic, using the social model of disability, artists have reflected on the portrayal of 'positive' images of disability debating society's depiction of stereotypical images. Whilst some disability artists now reconsider the need for theoretical distinctions between 'positive' and 'negative' images of disability which has been argued to confirm good and bad norms of disabled people, many have reclaimed stereotypical images in their work in order to confront prejudicial social attitudes. This reclamation of stereotypical representations has never been more confrontational or controversial than in the visual imagery of sexuality in disability art. Analysing select works from disability artists such as Ann Whitehurst's 'Wheelchairbound' (1993), Jo Pearson's seminal film 'Freak Fucking Basics' (1995), as well as Ju Gosling's multi media piece 'My Not-So-Secret Life as a Cyborg' (circa 2001), this paper critiques their representations of these adverse stereotypes. Viewed as 'asexual', deviant 'freaks', objects of 'fetish' and voyeurism within private and political spheres, disability artists seek to redress the governance of disabled people's sexuality redefining dominant myths that perpetuate preconceived notions of 'acceptable' desirability.
Forbidden Wedding: Movie Review
Authors: Tepper Mitchell
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Voices
Authors: Mendelson Lorre
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Symposium Contributors
Authors: Editor The
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Employment as Promoted by the International Labor Organization
Authors: Martz Erin
Published: March 2016

This article describes the historical and current focus of the International Labor Organization (ILO), which is a United Nations subsidiary that focuses on employment. The ILO has a history of policies related to vocational rehabilitation and disability, which are reviewed briefly. Selected ILO resources and publications are listed, which rehabilitation counselors and professionals may find useful for understanding disability legislation on a global level.
European Union Policy Toward People with Disabilities
Authors: Zolkowska Teresa , Kasior-Szerszen Iwona , Blaszkiewicz Irena
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
One Example of a Policy Entrepreneur in Postsecondary Education
Authors: Whelley Teresa
Published: March 2016

Students with disabilities have begun to attend postsecondary education in increasing numbers during the past decade, partially due to the changes brought about by the American with Disabilities Act of 1990. This article is one student's story from the beginning of the 1990s and what she did to find and create accommodations at a college. Participant observation and focused interviews were used to obtain the information. Several theoretical explanations are given of her actions and conclusions drawn.
Ode to (and From) a Soldier of Justice
Authors: Brown Steven
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Marketing the Acceptably Athletic Image: Wheelchair Athletes, Sport-Related Advertising and Capitalist Hegemony
Authors: Hardin Marie
Published: March 2016

People with disabilities have historically been excluded in the realms of sport - where they fail to meet standards of the "ideal sporting body" - and in advertising, where they also fail to meet an ideal-body standard. This research explores the attitudes of athletes with disabilities toward sport, advertising, and their exclusion from mainstream culture. Through interviews with 10 wheelchair basketball players, the author explores how deeply hegemonic ideals inform and influence the beliefs and values of participants. The author also explores the sensitivity of the participants to images of disability in advertising. Findings support the earlier literature regarding the attitudes of people with disabilities toward advertising: participants said they generally ignore advertising because it does not reflect the reality of their lives, but are acutely sensitive to positive images of disability in ads. This study also supports the assertion by scholars that people with disabilities - even those who have begun to reject their oppression - still internalize the "able-bodied ideal" inherent in capitalist hegemony.
Disability Studies and the Disability Perspective
Authors: Pfeiffer David
Published: March 2016

At a meeting of Society for Disability Studies Anthony Bale presented a paper in which he called for a statement of the perspective of the disability community. He observed that most members of the Society for Disability Studies use the terms "disability studies" and "disability" in commonly accepted ways. However, as Bale observed, there is no commonly accepted view of the disability perspective. In response to Bale's call this paper presents the disability perspective. It is based upon the phenomenon of being a survivor with the empathy, gentleness, and understanding which comes out of that experience. From that understanding comes a sense of justice, or rather injustice, about society. This moral imperative leads to the investigation of how to change society and why society treats its marginalized members in such a frustrating and deathly way. The paper concludes with reflections upon how to open society up to disabled (and non-disabled) persons.
Loosening Bonds and Changing Identities: Growing Up with Impairments in Post War Norway
Authors: Sandvin Johans
Published: March 2016

This article reports on an in depth interview investigation concerning the life histories of 70 people with various impairments, representing three different generations or age groups. The central aim of the study is to investigate how social change and the evolution of the welfare state influenced life conditions and opportunities for disabled people in Norway during the second half of the twentieth century. Methodologically, the study also suggests that biographical research offers the means to make links between the lived experiences of disabled people and the wider context of social and institutional change in disabling societies. The aims of this article are to present some of the main patterns detected from the overarching analysis, and thereby to demonstrate some of the implications of a biographical approach for disability studies.
Methodological Considerations in Life Course Theory Research
Authors: Slota Nina , Martin Daniela
Published: March 2016

Currently, disability studies is starting to apply a life course theory framework to some of its investigations. Given the strengths of each field, life course theory can greatly impact disability studies, and vice versa. For this cross pollination to reach its maximum potential, disability studies researchers need to understand life course methodology and the types of results that arise from these methods, as well as the implications of these results for the field of disability studies. This paper reviews life course methods as they apply to the field of disability studies. More specifically, methodological issues are highlighted through a study of individuals with traumatic brain injuries. The article illustrates the utility of life course theory as a tool to investigate the total life experiences of persons with disabilities and the implications of integrating non normative experiences into life course research.
Resilience in Survivors of Traumatic Limb Loss
Authors: Richie Beth , Ferguson Angela , Gomez Maria , Khoury Dalia , Adamaly Zahabia
Published: March 2016

Landmine Survivors Network (LSN) is a global network of survivors helping mine victims heal, recover, and reclaim lives. LSN conducts research to determine what creates a 'successful' survivor that is, one who overcomes trauma and experiences physical and psychological health. Throughout the life course, the means to achieve this success differs. LSN studied the impact of environmental risk factors, coping strategies, and resilience characteristics of limb loss survivors in six landmine-affected countries and the United States. In depth interviews of 89 participants, including people with limb loss, their family members and service providers, were analyzed using grounded theory strategies (Strauss and Corbin, 1990). A dynamic six factor model of recovery emerged and indicated significant variation depending on life stage. Programs intended to facilitate recovery need to be comprehensive and address the individual's stage specific physical, psychological, economic and social needs within the context of family, community, and the socio cultural environment at large.
Livable Communities Throughout the Life Course
Authors: Gerber Elaine , Kirchner Corinne
Published: March 2016

What constitutes truly livable communities for people who are blind or visually impaired (B/VI)? Proponents of a social model of disability have identified the source of disablement in the environment; yet, methodologies that systematically document and are able to measure environmental factors have been challenging to develop. This research continues that of other scholars, which locates the experience of blindness in the physical and social environment and cultural milieu: we are particularly interested in how individuals who are B/VI in the United States achieve full cultural citizenship through 'accessible' communities. What makes somewhere 'livable' varies according to one's needs, as well as by geographic region, size of the community, and perhaps most importantly, through major phases in the life course. Using a participatory action paradigm, data were analyzed according to life stages, considering what is important for students, mid-life adults, and seniors. The findings identify criteria that people who are B/VI in the United States use to rate livable communities.
(Re)Claiming Adulthood: Learning Disabilities and Social Policy in Ontario
Authors: Epp Timothy
Published: March 2016

In this article, I will first explore the definition and significance of 'adulthood' for participants with learning disabilities in a disability self advocacy movement. In particular, I will focus on self identified markers of the transition to adult status. I will then examine the process of marginalisation as made manifest in government policy of the late 1990s within the province of Ontario, Canada. Finally, I will discuss the response of disability self-advocates to this policy initiative as evidence of the significance of adult status for persons with disabilities. This article is based on research conducted between September of 1997 and January 2003. During this time, I conducted over one hundred hours of combined interviews and participation observation with a local chapter of People First of Ontario (PFO) in the city of Welland (People First Welland, PFW).
Subscription Information, Future Issues
Authors: Editor The
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Signifying Something: Images of Learning Disability in Fiction for Children
Authors: Kendrick Jenny
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
The Mother and the Angel: Disability Studies, Mothering and the 'Unreal' in Children's Fiction
Authors: Kidd Kerry
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
The Portrayal of Male and Female Characters With Chronic Illnesses in Children's Realistic Fiction, 1970-1994
Authors: Saad Chris
Published: March 2016

This study draws on my doctoral dissertation (Saad, 1996), which compared the portrayal of female chronically ill characters with that of male chronically ill characters in children's books. There were two parts to this investigation. First, I conducted a content analysis of 54 children's chapter books with chronically ill main characters published in the United States between 1970 and 1994 and still available. Each book was then matched with a reader who had the same chronic illness as the book's main character. Second, I interviewed the readers about their impressions of these books. The content analysis and interview results were analysed using qualitative methods and descriptive statistics.The study had three major findings:Most (72.9%) readers found the books at least slightly unrealistic. This finding is in opposition to Drennon's 1993 study, which indicated that only 5.8% of readers thought the books were at least slightly unrealistic.Four-fifths (80.8%) of children's books studied had female chronically ill main characters, 18% had chronically ill male main characters, and 1.3% had a chronically ill main character of each gender.When books were considered as a group, a pattern of sexism, racism, and heterosexism emerged.These findings were used to recommend ways in which existing literature can be used with chronically ill and able-bodied youngsters.
The Disabilitymaking Factory: Manufacturing "Differences" through Children's Books
Authors: Solis Santiago
Published: March 2016

Noting that children's books about disability will influence children's opinions about disability, this article includes a review of 10 children's books published since the year 2000 to determine possible interpretations about disability. Postmodern theory is referenced to challenge the division between disability and able-bodiedness. In essence, this article asserts that what is dangerous in children's books about disability is the way in which they tend to uphold social structures such as disability and normalcy as authentic and therefore indisputable.
Face to Face
Authors: Atunrase Helen
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Children's Literature That Includes Characters With Disabilities or Illnesses
Authors: Blaska Joan
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Disabled Characters In Spanish Children's Literature
Authors: Torrijos Cristina Caamares
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
"Even good mothers come to grief over such": Jane Yolen's Good Grisell
Authors: Richards Penny
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Social Integration and Employees with a Disability: Their View
Authors: Gay Helen
Published: March 2016

Varied research has addressed social integration at the workplace of persons with disabilities. Goffman (1963) and others propose that disability interferes with ordinary social interactions, creating a class of stigmatized interactions. Whether perceived or experienced, stigmatization leads to negative outcomes for the recipient of stigma. Allport's Intergroup Contact Hypothesis (1954), expanded by Pettigrew (1998) specified conditions to ensure positive outcomes of intergroup contact.The Modified Labeling perspective predicts that the greater perceived stigma toward people with disabilities, the less likely that an employee with a disability engages in workplace interactions leading to friendships. Allport's perspective predicts that newly-employed people with a disability are less socially-integrated than others. Over time, differences in social integration between the two disabled and non-disabled employees decline as contact leads to social comfort and a basis for friendship.This study brings the person with the disability into the discourse. It measured social support, in general and in the workplace, for workers with disability, compared to non-disabled coworkers. It also compared perceived stigma toward persons with a disability held by both groups. The effect of length of time employed and its interactions with disability and perceived stigma were tested. Finally, it obtained respondents' expectations of making friends in the workplace.The study found that individuals with disabilities had higher levels of perceived stigma than those without disabilities. Disability status did not affect social support in general or at the workplace, but perceived stigma did affect social support in general. Thus, disability affects social support by increasing perceived stigma. Length of time employed moderates the effect of disability on perceived stigma. For individuals with disabilities, but not those without, perceived stigma is reduced over time in these employment settings.
Parental Activism, Professional Dominance, and Early Childhood Disability
Authors: Leiter Valerie
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Commentary: Persons with Disabilities in India: A Special Educator's Personal Perspective
Authors: Narayan Dr. Jayanthi
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Guest Editors' Introduction
Authors: Gabel Susan , Danforth Scot
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
The Institutional Context of Being a Behavioral Problem
Authors: Casella Ronnie , Page Mitch
Published: March 2016

Based on qualitative research conducted from September 1998 to May 2001 in a city high school, this article examines a special education program in relation to the institutional processes that were in place to attend to students identified with behavioral disabilities. The article draws attention to how policy impacted school-based activities; the influence of social contexts and professional systems on students' special education placements; and how decisions about students were made through a system of divisions and animosities that often worked against students. The article points out how the behavioral disability system was organized and used to meet the needs of a larger school system that was already set up in a way that categorized and separated students based on a variety of factors related to academic and behavioral abilities, as well as socioeconomic and racial identifications. At a broader level, the article also shows how the needs of professionals and the nature of institutions shape the goals of what professionals and organizations aim to achieve. The qualitative research presented here examines aspects of special education that are mostly unseen by those mandating and implementing disability policy, yet have great influence on young peoples' futures.
The Importance of Constructivism and Constructivist Pedagogy For Disability Studies in Education
Authors: Gallagher Deborah J.
Published: March 2016

Many in disability studies approach disability as a culturally constructed experience, owing its existence to the beliefs and practices built around how any given society responds to human difference. This approach is predicated on the belief that all knowledge is socially constructed. But what does this perspective mean for educators in their daily classroom teaching practices? I address this question by examining the practical implications of disability studies scholarship from a constructivist perspective. In so doing, I offer insights into how the constructivist perspective alters not only our understanding of individual differences, but also its potential for changing teaching practices.
Othering Ourselves: Reflections on Method, Identity, and Ethics (Reflections on Unexpected Encounters in Participatory Research)
Authors: Navarro Virginia , Zeni Jane
Published: March 2016

Broun's and Heshusius's paper, Unexpected encounters in participatory research: Meeting the abled? /disabled? self when researching the lives of disabled women, unmasks the intertwining of personal and professional realities while engaging in research. Reflecting on and extending these issues, we critically unpack three central concepts: 1) The evolving choice of appropriate method in interpretive inquiry involves thinking through relational issues and our own theoretical understandings; 2) Attending closely to multi-voiced meanings in dialogue with others expands understandings of our own potential selves, and 3) Research activity inevitably involves ethical conundrums around both the relational and interpretive processes. In this commentary, the authors attempt to broaden the disability focus of Broun's experience by revisiting tensions around method, voice, and identity that apply broadly to everyone who conscientiously engages in ethical situated inquiry. The "I" as well as the "Thou" may be metamorphosed through qualitative inquiry.
Whiteness, Normal Theory, and Disability Studies
Authors: Smith Phil
Published: March 2016

Analogies can be drawn between social cartographies of disability and the landscape of race. Understanding these analogies can benefit understandings of both disability and race. Contrary to modernist understandings, disability, like race, is plural, socially constructed, founded on hidden ideologies, and a direct function of global capitalism. Deconstructing racism by postmodern critical theorists has led to the development of whiteness theories, which portray whiteness as a raced category that is chromatically absent to Whites, an unexamined and unexplored normative backdrop. As a result of this exploration of the terrain of whiteness, taxonomies of difference are seen to be created by processes of discrimination, rather than the other way around. For too long, constructions of race and disability have been conflated by the eugenic practices of modernist science. Whiteness underlies the oppression of people with disabilities. Disability studies scholars can learn much about disability and ableism by proposing a corollary to whiteness theories, that is, normal theories, as a way to unpack and dismantle the unspoken language of normative ideologies that create disability as a social category.
Irvin, Cass: Homebound: Growing Up with a Disability in America
Authors: Bartoszynska Katarzyna
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Stuck On You
Authors: Cherney James L.
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
No Longer Unreasonable: Disability in German Cinema
Authors: Hamilton Elizabeth
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Wayfinding With Visuo-Spatial Impairment from Stroke and Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Antonakos Cathy L. , Giordani Bruno J. , Ashton-Miller James A.
Published: March 2016

Visuo-spatial impairments are common following brain injury. The impairments differ in severity, involving symptoms such as partial vision loss, unawareness of one side of space, and topographic disorientation. In this exploratory study we investigated wayfinding difficulties experienced by four community-dwelling individuals with visuo-spatial impairments due to brain injury. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to elicit information about the type of travel the informants undertook independently, the environments they frequented, and the strategies they used to compensate for disability.One informant had a moderate visual field cut resulting from stroke, and was able to travel and work independently. Two informants had visual field deficits in addition to topographic disorientation. They used very systematic strategies based on landmarks and path learning to master navigating in a variety of settings. The fourth informant had diffuse brain injury resulting in topographic disorientation and short-term memory impairment. He relied on his spouse for transportation needs.The interactions of these informants with the environment provide information that may be useful for enhancing independence and quality of life following brain injury, and for identifying future directions for research on wayfinding with visuo-spatial impairment. Simple environmental modifications in the home may improve orientation. Travel outside the home presents considerable challenges related in part to environmental design.
Weight
Authors: Kornhaber David
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Queer Crips: Disabled Gay Men and Their Stories
Authors: Bligh Andrew
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Promoting Interprofessionalism and Leadership in Disability Studies with Public Health Students from a Family Perspective
Authors: Gonzales Dana Barber , Gangluff Deborah L.
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Can Disability Studies Survive and Prosper within Medically-Modeled Curricula?
Authors: Lubet Alex
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Reminding Ourselves of the Often Overlooked — Education and Training of Home Health Aides
Authors: Price Mary Ann
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Seabiscuit (the movie)
Authors: Gates Philippa
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Controversial Issues in a Disabling Society
Authors: Perkins Emily
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-time
Authors: Haller Beth
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Personal Assistance Policy in the UK: What's the Problem with Direct Payments?
Authors: Pearson Charlotte , Barnes Colin , Jolly Debbie , Mercer Geof , Priestley Mark , Riddell Sheila
Published: March 2016

Across the United Kingdom (UK), the development of personal assistance through the policy of Direct Payments has seen a varied pattern in its success since its implementation in 1997. In some areas, local authorities have been reluctant to develop schemes, whereas others have shown a more positive commitment to ensure widespread access has been made. This article offers an overview of research in this area and reports on initial findings from a major UK wide study on Direct Payments being carried out by researchers at the Universities of Edinburgh, Glasgow and Leeds and funded by the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC). In doing this, a series of conflicts will be set out, which have affected the move towards securing independent living for disabled people in the UK.
Peering Behind the Curtain: Disability, Illness, and the Extraordinary Body in Contemporary Theater
Authors: Parker Jennifer
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Lost (TV show)
Authors: Tropp Laura
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Empowering Indigenous Families who have Children with Disabilities: An Innovative Outreach Model
Authors: Banks SusanRae , Miller Darcy
Published: March 2016

Socially and legally it is acknowledged that families with children with disabilities are a critical component of any educational program or Individualized Education Plan (Yell, 2002). Indigenous families with children who have disabilities face unique additional challenges in working collaboratively with schools and education professionals. Parent Training and Information Centers started as a result of federally funded research on the needs of families of children with disabilities. The unique challenges faced by Indigenous families with children who have disabilities are discussed, with particular attention to the critical issues impacting social equity and post secondary education outcomes. An innovative outreach model is discussed for its potential in meeting the needs of Indigenous families with children who have disabilities. Components of the model are described as well as the continuing outreach challenges. The authors conclude with directions for future outreach strategies and research with Indigenous families and communities.
Engaging Citizens with Disabilities in eDemocracy
Authors: Stienstra Deborah , Troschuk Lindsey
Published: March 2016

We evaluate access for people with disabilities in two Canadian federal government eConsultations — the development of its Innovation Strategy and as part of the Parliamentary sub-Committee on People with Disabilities consultations around the Canada Pension Plan — Disability hearings. From qualitative interviews with government and the disability community as well analysis of key documents, we illustrate what worked in ensuring access for Canadians with disabilities and what served to create additional barriers to access. We suggest, first, that accessibility is not the same thing as usability and requires meeting, at minimum, commonly held standards of access. Secondly, we argue that access is not enough to bring people with disabilities into eConsultations. Proactive measures to reach people experiencing a wide spectrum of disabilities are essential to "enfranchising" people with disabilities in eDemocracy. Addressing both access and inclusion are simply good public policy, not extraordinary measures to address a minority population.
Freedom Machines (video)
Authors: Haller Beth
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Little People: Learning to See the World Through My Daughter's Eyes.
Authors: Torres Kristina
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
The Normal One: Life With a Difficult or Damaged Sibling
Authors: Hamilton Elizabeth C.
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Mental Retardation in America: A Historical Reader.
Authors: Heller Tamar , Rizzolo Mary Kay , Caldwell. Joe
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Dwarfs: The Changing Lives of Archetypal 'Curiosities' — and Echoes of the Past
Authors: Adelson Betty
Published: March 2016

Can a class of individuals that was once considered among the most prominent of freaks be "defreaked"? And if so, what could cause such a makeover to occur? The answers to these questions are playing out among persons with dwarfism in an increasing number of nations. Although the social roles of many members of this former "freak" population have undergone a transformation during the last half-century, the forces that caused them to be mocked and exploited as they struggled to cope are still very much in evidence.
Play[ing] her part correctly': Helen Keller as Vaudevillian Freak
Authors: Crutchfield Susan
Published: March 2016

Helen Keller and Anne Sullivan Macy's 1920s vaudeville routine is compared to freak show entertainment. Vaudeville and freak show histories are used to show that Keller's act exemplifies the historical connection between the two entertainment forms. Deploying many of the freak show conventions catalogued by Bogdan (1990, 1996), her routine is examined through the critical debate over freak shows between Bogdan (1990, 1996) and D. Gerber (1996). Bogdan claims freak shows engage discursive conventions that showcase their performers' talents, whereas Gerber argues they exploitatively display anomalous bodies. Through analysis of publicity materials and newspaper reviews, it is concluded that Keller's routine appealed to audiences as a sideshow display but was carefully packaged to downplay its exploitative qualities.
Twenty-First Century Freak Show: Recent Transformations in the Exhibition of Non-Normative Bodies
Authors: Stephens Elizabeth
Published: March 2016

The last decade has witnessed both a re-emergence and re-invention of the traditional 19th-century freak show, with groups such as the Jim Rose Circus Sideshow, Circus Amok, The Happy Side Show, Tokyo Shock Boys, the Kamikaze Freak Show and Mat Fraser's one-man show, "Sealboy: Freak," enjoying a period of enormous popularity. This paper will examine what the recent transformations of the traditional freak show reveal about the identification and representation of bodily difference in contemporary culture.The exhibition of anatomically unusual bodies is a phenomenon that is both specific to the particular historical circumstances in which it takes place, and exemplary of more general cultural assumptions about the meaning and nature of the body. As such, the history of freak shows provides an exceptionally fruitful context in which to examine how bodily norms are established and enforced, and to consider how these have impacted upon the lived experiences of subjects identified as physically different. Focusing on the move away from the exhibition of 'born' freaks to that of 'self-made' freaks seen in 21st-century side shows, this paper will read the transformation of the freak show as representative of important wider shifts in dominant concepts of corporeality.