bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A construção de saberes no cárcere: a experiência do Programa Mulheres SIM no Presídio Regional de Caçador
Authors: Ullrich Danielle Regina
Published: June 2020

Este trabalho configura-se como um relato da experiência de efetivação do Programa Mulheres SIM, um programa de extensão do Instituto Federal de Santa Catarina, no Presídio Regional de Caçador, localizado no município de Caçador, na região meio-oeste de Santa Catarina. O Programa Mulheres SIM foi criado, em 2014, para atender mulheres em situação de vulnerabilidade social, e dividiu-se em três projetos: Curso FIC (Formação Inicial e Continuada) Educação e Gênero; Feira de Economia Solidária e Avaliação das Egressas. Em 2015, uma nova versão do Programa foi implementada, a qual dividiu-se em quatro projetos: Curso FIC Geração de Renda, Tecnologia e Valorização do Trabalho Feminino; Ciclo de Oficinas; Feira de Economia Solidária e Avaliação das Egressas. Inseriu-se o Projeto Ciclo de Oficinas mediante a necessidade de complementar a formação destas mulheres. O objetivo deste trabalho, portanto, é relatar esta experiência, à luz do processo de construção de saberes que permeia toda a lógica do programa. O relato foi conduzido com base na abordagem qualitativa e configura-se, em termos metodológicos, como um estudo de caso. Este trabalho apresenta sucintamente a experiência do Programa e traz reflexões acerca do processo de construção de saberes, que coloca em confronto saberes técnicos científicos e saberes não científicos ou populares. Tomando por base, o baixo nível de formação de algumas das alunas que frequentaram o Programa, mas os inúmeros saberes populares compartilhados por elas ao longo das aulas e oficinas. A experiência possibilitou refletir sobre tais questões e sobre a relação aluna-professor neste processo, ao reconhecer que ensinar é possibilitar o aprendizado das alunas, mas, ao mesmo tempo, uma possibilidade do professor reconstruir conceitos e preconceitos.
O Processo de Territorialização a partir de uma Política Pública: o caso dos moradores contemplados pelo Programa Minha Casa, Minha Vida (PMCMV) no Conjunto Habitacional Pioneiro José de Oliveira no Distrito de Floriano, em Maringá-PR
Authors: Silva Fábio Marques da , Chagas Priscilla Borgonhoni , Gomes Thais Ribeiro , Borges William Antonio
Published: June 2020

Em consonância com a perspectiva Construcionista Social, este artigo fomenta uma discussão sobre o processo de territorialização instrumentalizado por meio de uma política pública habitacional de abrangência nacional, o Programa Minha Casa, Minha Vida (PMCMV). Para tanto, é apresentado como campo-tema, o Conjunto Habitacional Pioneiro José de Oliveira, localizado no distrito de Floriano, no município de Maringá-PR. Para problematizarmos a discussão, inserimos os preceitos teóricos sobre políticas públicas e território. Com o intuito de analisar o processo de territorialização do Conjunto Habitacional supracitado, além dos dados secundários sobre o PMCMV e a constituição do espaço urbano da cidade de Maringá, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com sete moradores do conjunto. Essas entrevistas objetivaram apreender de que maneira esses moradores se organizam, como vivem e quais suas percepções sobre a nova morada. Os resultados obtidos apontam que o aspecto territorial deve necessariamente ser contemplado na agenda pública e constitui-se na formulação e na implementação de qualquer política, onde observamos essa deficiência no desenho do PMCMV, quando implementado no conjunto Habitacional Pioneiro José de Oliveira no distrito de Floriano. Negligenciar a inserção da categoria território na formulação e implementação de políticas públicas, como no caso do PMCMV, constitui-se em corroborar para usurpar as práticas cotidianas construídas nos territórios de origem, segregando a população das condições básicas de consumo, deslocamento e educação.
Perspectivas e desafios da participação em tempos de crise democrática.
Authors: Giannella Valeria
Published: June 2020

Neste artigo parto do reconhecimento de que a nova situação política engendrada no Brasil pelo golpe de 2016, pede a reconsideração da estação participacionista iniciada desde a década de 90 e seguida, nos governos do PT, a partir da eleição do Presidente Lula. A questão de pesquisa aqui posta é a seguinte: a mudada conjuntura política do Brasil nos pede uma reflexão sobre o desgaste do projeto de democracia participativa desdobrado até aqui, e nos impele a repensar a gramática, as formas e a amplidão das dinâmicas participativas do futuro. O objetivo é entender que novas formas está e ainda pode assumir a participação nesta nova conjuntura política, inclusive trazendo como exemplos algumas experiências de Teias entre sujeitos marginalizados na estação anterior. Metodologicamente o trabalho originou de um ciclo de seminários, e se baseia em pesquisa bibliográfica e observação participante.
ESPAÇOS PARTICIPATIVOS E O USO DE METODOLOGIAS INTEGRATIVAS PARA EFETIVIDADE DE DIREITOS
Authors: Araújo Danielle
Published: June 2020

O trabalho expõe o relato de experiência de duas intervenções no campo social utilizando metodologias integrativas como base de ação. Trata-se do Programa Justiça Comunitária, desenvolvido na comunidade de Manguinhos, nos anos de 2012 e 2013, e do Projeto Bebel – Inclusão Socioeconômica de Mulheres na Praça da Bandeira, executado nos anos de 2013 e 2014, ambas na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. O objetivo geral do trabalho apresentado é expor o processo de fomento e criação de espaços participativos em âmbito comunitário e estatal, e a utilização de metodologias integrativas como um instrumento importante para a compreensão do contexto comunitário e para construção de soluções coletivas e efetividade de direitos em nível local. Os resultados a serem apresentados se compõem por um guia de ação sobre o processo de mudança comunitária a partir do uso de metodologias integrativas para a construção coletiva de novos saberes e a sua importância na formulação de políticas públicas participativas com uma perspectiva reflexiva, dialógica e inclusiva. A metodologia do trabalho se baseia em uma pesquisa qualitativa com delineamento bibliográfico, a partir de fontes digitais e impressas de livros, periódicos e documentos públicos, além de dados institucionais estatais e não-governamentais, referentes às experiências apresentadas.
GESTÃO PÚBLICA, DEMOCRACIA E DIREITOS AOS 30 ANOS DA CONSTITUIÇÃO FEDERAL
Authors: Daroit Doriana , Cruz Fernanda Natasha Bravo , Bastos Ana Paula Vidal , Laranja Lara Silva
Published: June 2020

A jovem Constituição Federal Brasileira completa 30 anos. No entanto, no contexto das frágeis democracias latino americanas, é uma carta magna consolidada. É primordial analisar a sua capacidade de orientação da gestão pública e da construção democrática tomando em conta a historicidade dos princípios e direitos constitucionais e a estruturação da gestão das políticas e programas públicos das últimas três décadas. Neste artigo, propomos a reflexão com respeito às confluências e dissonâncias entre esses vetores de organização das relações entre Estado e sociedade. A gestão pública, com seus instrumentos técnicos e políticos, corresponde aos nexos entre ação e estrutura, permitindo promover dinâmicas que oportunizam a interação dos atores heterogêneos em seus processos democráticos. Tanto as tensões entre estrutura e ação como as fraturas ao pacto social expresso pela Constituição podem ser analisadas sob o ponto de vista da gestão, elemento simultaneamente instituinte e resultante de processos políticos e sociais.
DESAFIOS DAS ORGANIZAÇÕES CONTÁBEIS ACERCA DO eSOCIAL APÓS SUA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO
Authors: Conceição Felipe Opuszka , Lima Lucas Ferreira , Martins Zilton Bartolomeu
Published: June 2020

Este artigo teve como objetivo analisar os desafios de organizações contábeis acerca do eSocial após sua implementação. Foi utilizado o método de pesquisa quantitativa, descritiva e de levantamento. O instrumento de coleta de dados foi um questionário validado e utilizado por Muller, Godoy Filho e Martins (2019), com 20 (vinte) questões fechadas. A população deste estudo foi de 2840 escritórios de Contabilidade da Grande Florianópolis/SC, obtendo-se uma amostra de 61 respondentes, que representa 2,15% da população. Os dados foram tabulados por meio do Google Formulários® e a técnica de análise de dados utilizada foi a estatística descritiva, segundo a distribuição de frequência relativa. Como principais resultados, foi possível observar que as organizações contábeis não estão preparadas em relação ao eSocial. Destaca-se também que apesar de grande maioria dos respondentes ter conhecimento do eSocial, mostram-se sem capacitação adequada. Por fim, constatou-se que apesar da baixa carga horária de participação em cursos, tem-se um alto conhecimento sobre o grau das penalidades aplicadas pelo eSocial.
Frequency and Specificity of Pediatric Health Policy Discussions in Political Campaigns
Authors: Benning Tyler J. , Ashby Grayson B. , Chapp Christopher B.
Published: June 2020

This cross-sectional study analyzed a database of Congressional candidate campaign websites to assess the frequency and specificity of pediatric health policy discussions in political campaigns.
Allometric scaling of Lyapunov exponents in chaotic populations
Authors: Anderson David M. , Gillooly James F.
Published: June 2020

Chaos has been a central topic of research in ecology for decades, in part because of its implications for the predictability of population dynamics. Chaotic systems are characterized by low predictability at long timescales, as slight differences in initial conditions (e.g., the actual vs. the measured initial conditions) yield trajectories (e.g., the actual vs. the predicted trajectory) that diverge exponentially at a rate determined by the global Lyapunov Exponent (LE). The LE is therefore a critical descriptor of chaotic systems that sets the time horizon for predictability. Recent observations of chaos in populations or communities have shown that LEs vary by at least two orders of magnitude, yet the factors underlying this variability remain unclear. Here, we examine the drivers of heterogeneity in LEs among chaotic populations and communities. We show that LEs decline with increasing body size as a shallow power law (exponent −0.21), suggesting that LEs are inversely proportional to the populations' generation time (GT). However, this allometric scaling relationship holds only when considering the larger, slower growing populations in multispecies communities (the primary and secondary consumers), indicating that these populations constrain or determine LEs for the community. These results suggest that the rate at which the predictability of a chaotic time series declines over time generally reflects either the populations' GT, or that of a slower growing population in the community.
Methanosarcina
Authors: Wagner Dirk
Published: June 2020

Me.tha.no.sar' ci.na. N.L. neut. n.methanummethane; L. fem. n.sarcinaa package, bundle; N.L. fem. n.Methanosarcinamethane sarcina.

Euryarchaeota / Methanomicrobia / Methanosarcinales / Methanosarcinaceae / Methanosarcina

Irregular spheroid bodies (0.8–4 μm in diameter), occurring singly or typically in aggregates of cells up to 1,000 μm in diameter. Sometimes occur as large cysts with a common outer wall surrounding individual coccoid cells. Endospores not formed. Gram stain results are variable. Nonmotile. May contain gas vesicles. Strictly anaerobic. Optimum growth temperatures are 25–28°C for psychrotolerant species, 30–40°C for mesophilic species, and 50–55°C for thermophiles. Energy metabolism via formation of methane from acetate, methanol, monomethylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, dimethyl sulfide, H2/CO2, and CO. One strain can use methanethiol as substrate. Some strains do not use H2/CO2as the sole energy and carbon source. May grow very slowly on pyruvate. N2may be fixed. The range of specific genome information for the genusMethanosarcinaaccording to the available genomes are as follows: Genome size between 3.13 and 5.75 Mb, DNA G + C content between 38.3 and 42.9, protein number between 2,597 and 4,540, gene number between 2,751 and 4,662, pseudogene number between 89 and 417, rRNA number between 9 and 60, and tRNA number between 54 and 58.

DNA G + C content (mol%): 36–44 (average 40.7 assembled from the genomes).

Type species:Methanosarcina barkeriSchnellen 1947ALemend. Bryant and Boone 1987 (Judicial Commission 1986b).
Mannheimia
Authors: Mutters Reinier , Angen Øystein , Bisgaard Magne
Published: June 2020

Mann.hei' mi.a. L. n. fem.Mannheimianamed in tribute to the German microbiologist Walter Mannheim.

Proteobacteria / Gammaproteobacteria / Pasteurellales / Pasteurellaceae / Mannheimia

Gram‐negative, nonmotile rods or coccobacilli. Cell sizes of ∼0.5 × 1.2 μm are similar to those ofPasteurellaspecies. Some species exhibit bipolar staining. Endospores are not formed. Growth is mesophilic and facultatively anaerobic or microaerophilic. Neither X nor V factor is required for growth. Glucose is fermented without gas production. Oxidase reaction is normally positive, but may be variable. Alkaline phosphatase and catalase test is positive, and nitrate is reduced. Simmon's citrate, arginine dihydrolase, and Voges–Proskauer tests are negative, and there is no fermentation ofd‐adonitol orl‐sorbose. All strains fermentd‐mannitol. Urease reaction is negative. Trehalose andd‐mannose are not fermented. Cultural characteristics are typical of those of the familyPasteurellaceae. A zone of β‐hemolysis is commonly observed, depending on media, type of blood, and pH.

DNA G+C content (mol%): 39.2–43.9.

Type species:Mannheimia haemolyticaAngen et al. 1999VP(basonym:Pasteurella haemolyticaNewsom and Cross 1932AL).
Trueperella
Authors: Lämmler Christoph , Sammra Osama , Glaeser Stefanie , Kämpfer Peter
Published: June 2020

True.pe.rel'la. N.L. fem. n.
Trueperella
named after Hans Georg Trüper, the German microbiologist.

Actinobacteria / Actinobacteria / Actinomycetales / Actinomycetaceae / Trueperella

Cells are Gram‐reaction‐positive, nonmotile, non‐spore‐forming coccobacilli and short rods that occur singly, in pairs (V, T, and palisade formations), or in clusters. Cells vary in shape and size in different media. Cells from 24‐h‐old broth cultures are Gram‐reaction‐positive but may be Gram‐reaction‐variable in older cultures. Pinpoint, in most cases β‐hemolytic colonies occur on sheep blood agar after 24 h of incubation. After 48–72 h of incubation, colonies are 0.5–1.5 mm in diameter, convex, circular, and translucent with entire edges. Aerobic and facultatively anaerobic. Strictly fermentative. Lactic acid is the primary metabolic product in glucose–yeast extract broth, but acetate and succinate are minor products. The peptidoglycan is of the type A5a, variations
l
‐Lys–
l
‐Ala–
l
‐Lys–
d
‐Glu or
l
‐Lys–
l
‐Lys–
d
‐Glu. The muramic acid residue of the peptidoglycan is
N
‐acetylated. Characteristic whole‐cell sugars are rhamnose and glucose. Mycolic acids are not present. The long‐chain fatty acids are primarily straight‐chain saturated and monounsaturated in addition to traces of branched‐chain fatty acids of the iso‐/anteiso type. The phospholipid type is type PI, comprising diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), phosphatidylinositol (PI), and an unknown phosphoglycolipid (PGL) of unknown composition. The principal menaquinone is MK‐10(H4).

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 56–66.

Type species
:
Trueperella pyogenes
Yassin et al. 2011
VP
.
Oceanirhabdus
Authors: Pi Ruo‐Xi , Zhu Xu‐Fen
Published: June 2020

Oceanirhabdus
(O.ce.a.ni.rhab'dus. L. masc. n.
oceanus
ocean; Gr. fem. n.
rhabdos
rod; N.L. fem. n.
Oceanirhabdus
a rod of the ocean).

Firmicutes / Clostridia / Clostridiales / Clostridiaceae / Oceanirhabdus

Cells are rod‐shaped with peritrichous flagella. Endospores form during stationary phase of growth. Cells are Gram‐positive staining. Colonies are circular, white, semitransparent with a smooth surface. Obligate anaerobes. Optimal growth at pH 6.5–7.0, 34–38°C, and 2.5% (w/v) NaCl. Cells can utilize multiple types of complex proteinaceous substrates as carbon and energy sources. The predominant cellular fatty acids are anteiso‐C
15:0
, C
16:0
, iso‐C
15:0
, anteiso‐C
17:0
, and C
16:0
DMA. No isoprenoid quinone is detected.
Oceanirhabdus
is in the class
Clostridia
, the order
Clostridiales
, and the family
Clostridiaceae
. The genus
Oceanirhabdus
comprises one species,
Oceanirhabdus sediminicola
. The type strain of the type species of the genus was isolated from marine sediments. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA genes indicates that
Oceanirhabdus
is a lineage that is separated from the closely related genera in the family
Clostridiaceae
.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 35.8 (HPLC).

Type species
:
Oceanirhabdus sediminicola
Pi et al. 2013
VP
.
Marvinbryantia
Authors: Lawson Paul A.
Published: June 2020

Mar.vin.bry.an'ti.a. N.L. fem. n.
Marvinbryantia
in honour of Marvin P. Bryant (1925–2000), in recognition of his outstanding contributions to the microbial ecology of anaerobic ecosystems.

Firmicutes / Clostridia / Clostridiales / Lachnospiraceae / Marvinbryantia

Marvinbryantia
is phylogenetically located in the family
Lachnospiraceae
within the class
Clostridia
, in the phylum
Firmicutes
. The cells are Gram‐stain‐positive, short rods occurring mainly in pairs and short chains. Nonmotile and endospores are not observed. Anaerobic and chemoorganotrophic. Catalase and oxidase negative. The sole end product of metabolism is acetate when grown in the presence of high concentrations of formate. Glucose fermentation with low concentrations of formate yields succinate, lactate, and acetate. Indole negative. Nitrate is not reduced. Known habitats are feces of humans and animals.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 50.3 (HPLC), 49.6 (WGS).

Type species
:
Marvinbryantia formatexigens
Wolin et al. 2008
VP
(
Bryantella
Wolin et al. 2003; Wolin et al. 2004
VP
).
Thiohalophilus
Authors: Sorokin Dimitry Y. , Merkel Alexander Y. , Muyzer Gerard
Published: June 2020

Thi.o.ha.lo'phi.lus. Gr. neut. n.
thion
sulfur; Gr. masc. n.
hals, halos
salt of the sea; Gr. masc. adj.
philos
loving; N.L. masc. n.
Thiohalophilus
sulfur and salt loving.

Proteobacteria / Gammaproteobacteria / “Thiohalomonadales” / “Thiohalophilaceae” / Thiohalophilus

The genus
Thiohalophilus
was originally classified as an unaffiliated member of the
Gammaprotebacteria
. It is a moderately halophilic, neutrophilic chemolithoutotroph utilizing reduced sulfur compounds, including sulfide, thiosulfate, and thiocyanate, as the energy source and electron donors and O
2
or nitrite (but not nitrate) as the electron acceptors. CO
2
is assimilated via the Calvin–Benson–Bassham cycle. The genus includes a single species
Thiohalophilus thiocyanatoxydans
corrig., which is the type species. Habitat – hypersaline lakes.

DNA G
+
C content (mol%):
57.4 (genome).

Type species
:

Thiohalophilus
thiocyanatoxydans
corrig.

Sorokin et al. 2007a, VL117.
Angustibacter
Authors: Tamura Tomohiko
Published: June 2020

An.gus.ti.bac'ter. L. masc. adj.
angustus
, narrow; N.L. masc. n.
bacter
, a rod; N.L. masc. n.
Angustibacter
, narrow bacterium.

Actinobacteria / Actinobacteria / Kineosporiales / Kineosporiaceae / Angustibacter

Cells are Gram‐positive, motile or nonmotile, nonspore‐forming, facultatively anaerobic or aerobic, catalase‐positive cocci to rods. The peptidoglycan type is A1 γ and contains
meso
‐diaminopimelic acid, alanine, and glutamic acid. Mycolic acids are absent. The major menaquinone is MK‐9(H
4
) and MK‐8(H
4
). The phospholipids comprise diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, and phosphatidylinositol mannoside. The acyl type of the cell wall muramic acid was acetyl. The predominant fatty acids (> 10 % in all species) are C
16 : 0
and iso‐C
15 : 0
. The presence of C
17 : 1
ω8
c
, iso‐C
16 : 0
, anteiso‐C
15 : 0
, anteiso‐C
17 : 0
, or/and iso‐C
17 : 1
ω8
c
as the additional major components is variable depending on the species. The genus belongs to the family
Kineosporiaceae
. Comparative analyses of the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that its closest related taxon is the genus
Thalassiella
.

DNA G
+
C content
(
mol%
): 70–74.

Type species
:
Angustibacter luteus
Tamura et al. 2010
VP
.
Marinactinospora
Authors: Fang Bao‐Zhu , Li Wen‐Jun
Published: June 2020

Ma.rin.ac.ti.no.spo'ra. L. masc. adj.
marinus
of the sea; Gr. fem. n.
actis actinos
a ray; Gr. fem. n.
spora
a seed; N.L. fem. n.
Marinactinospora
marine and spored ray, referring to marine spore‐forming actinomycete.

Actinobacteria / Actinobacteria / Streptosporangiales / Nocardiopsaceae / Marinactinospora

The genus
Marinactinospora
is classified with the family
Nocardiopsaceae
, order
Streptosporangiales
, in the class
Actinobacteria
. Phylogenetically, strains in this genus share 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of less than 97.3% with other members of the family
Nocardiopsaceae
and form a distinct clade in the Neighbor‐joining phylogenetic tree. Strains form well‐branched but non‐fragmented substrate mycelia and aerial mycelia which differentiate into long spore chains. Cells are nonmotile and Gram‐stain‐positive. Strains could grow well over a wide range of physiological conditions: 10–55°C, 0–7% (w/v) NaCl, and pH 6.0–10.0. They are aerobic, chemoorganotrophic, and can grow in defined media on a range of substrates. Major polar lipids are diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, and phosphatidylinositol mannosides. Currently, the genus consists of two species:
Marinactinospora thermotolerans
(the type species of the genus) and
Marinactinospora endophytica
, from the deep‐sea sediment and traditional Chinese medicinal plant (
Salsola ferganica
Drob), respectively.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 70.5–72.0 (HPLC).

Type species
:
Marinactinospora thermotolerans
Tian et al. 2009
VP
.
Desulfurispora
Authors: Watanabe Miho , Fukui Manabu , Kuever Jan
Published: June 2020

De.sul.fu.ri.spo'ra. L. pref.
de
, from; L. masc. n.
sulfur
, sulfur; Gr. fem. n.
spora
, a seed and, in biology, a spore; N.L. fem. n.
Desulfurispora
, a spore‐forming organism that reduces sulfur compounds.

Desulfotomaculota (Firmicutes_B) / Desulfotomaculia / Desulfotomaculales / Desulfurisporaceae / Desulfurispora

Cells are rod‐shaped, Gram‐stain‐positive. Oval spores occur central or subterminal of cells without clear swelling of cells. Motile with two or more flagella. Strictly anaerobic, having a respiratory type of metabolism. Thermophilic and neutrophilic. NaCl is not required for growth. Chemolithoautotroph or chemoorganoheterotroph using organic acids, alcohols, and short‐ to long‐chain fatty acids (C
4
–C
16
). Substrates are incompletely oxidized to acetate. Sulfate, sulfite, thiosulfate, and elemental sulfur are used as electron acceptors; nitrate, nitrite, and Fe (III) are not utilized. Grows fermentatively on organic acids. Major cellular fatty acids are iso‐C
15:0
and iso‐C
17:0
. Major menaquinone is MK‐7. The cell wall contains
meso
‐diaminopimelic acid. Found in a sulfidogenic laboratory‐scale fluidized‐bed reactor.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 53.5 (LC); 55.2 (genome).

Type species
:
Desulfurispora thermophila
Kaksonen et al. 2007
VP
.
Salinirubellus
Authors: Cui Heng‐Lin
Published: June 2020

Sa.li.ni.ru.bel'lus. L. fem. pl. n.
salinae
salterns, salt works; L. masc. adj.
rubellus
reddish; N.L. masc. n.
Salinirubellus
reddish salt organism from salt works.

Euryarchaeota / Halobacteria / Halobacteriales / Halobacteriaceae / Salinirubellus

Cells are pleomorphic under optimal growth conditions, red pigmented, stain Gram‐negative, are motile and lyse in distilled water.
Salinirubellus
is a neutrophile that grows optimally at pH 7.5 and at 37°C. It is an aerobic, chemoorganotrophic extreme halophile (optimum growth at 2.1 M NaCl), and can grow on sugar alcohols, organic acids, and amino acids as carbon and energy source. The common sugars are not utilized. The major polar lipids are the diphytanyl glycerol diether derivatives of phosphatidylglycerol (PG), phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester (PGP‐Me), and three unidentified glycolipids. The genus
Salinirubellus
is classified with the family
Halobacteriaceae
, order
Halobacteriales
, in the class
Halobacteria
. Currently, the genus consists of one species:
Salinirubellus salinus
(the type species of the genus). The type strain and single strain of
Salinirubellus
were isolated from marine solar saltern.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 67.0 (
T
m
).

Type species
:
Salinirubellus salinus
Hou et al. 2018
VP
.
Testudinibacter
Authors: Hansen Mie J.
Published: June 2020

Tes.tu.di.ni.bac'ter. N.L. pl. n.
Testudines
, taxonomic name for the order of turtles and tortoises; N.L. masc. n.
bacter
a rod; N.L. masc.n.
Testudinibacter
, rod isolated from
Testudines
.

Proteobacteria / Gammaproteobacteria / Pasteurellales / Pasteurellaceae / Testudinibacter

Nonmotile, fermentative, Gram‐negative rods that are catalase and oxidase positive. Positive reactions are obtained for indole, ornithine decarboxylase, and Voges–Proskauer, and negative reactions are obtained for methyl red, alkaline phosphatase, urease, and PNPG (α‐glucosidase). Do not require X‐ or V‐factors. Nitrates are reduced to nitrites, but nitrites are not reduced. Acid is produced from
l
‐arabinose, dulcitol,
d
‐mannitol,
l
‐rhamnose,
d
‐sucrose and trehalose.

The main fatty acids for the strain ELNT2x
T
are C
14:0
, C
16:1
ω7
c
, C
16:0
, C
18:1
ω9
c
and summed feature C
18:2
ω6,9
c
/ante‐iso‐C
18:0
. ELNT2x
T
only expressed one respiratory quinone, ubiquinone‐8 (100%).

Testudinibacter
has been isolated from the oral cavity of several species of freshwater turtles. The pathogenic potential is unknown.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 42.8 (ELNT2x
T
).

Type species
:
Testudinibacter aquarius
Hansen et al. 2016
VP
.
Vespertiliibacter
Authors: Mühldorfer Kristin
Published: June 2020

Ves.per.ti.li.l.bac'ter. N.L. pl. n.
Vespertiliibacter
rod isolated from bats of the family
Vespertilionidae
.

Proteobacteria / Gammaproteobacteria / Pasteurellales / Pasteurellaceae / Vespertiliibacter

Cells are Gram‐negative, encapsulated, and pleomorphic with ovoid to rod shapes occurring singly and rarely in pairs or short chains. Nonmotile. Nutritionally fastidious, require a chemically defined supplement with NAD for growth. Organisms are mesophilic and grow after 24 h on nonselective, enriched chocolate agar. Microaerophilic conditions promote bacterial growth. Catalase‐ and oxidase‐positive. Members of the class
Gammaproteobacteria
, family
Pasteurellaceae
. Isolated from the upper respiratory tract of insectivorous bats belonging to the family
Vespertilionidae
, the pathogenic potential is unknown.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 37.2 (genome sequence of strain E127/08
T
).

Type species
:
Vespertiliibacter pulmonis
Mühldorfer et al. 2014
VP
.
Guidelines for parenteral and enteral nutrition in geriatric patients in China
Authors: Zhu Mingwei , Cui Hongyuan , Chen Wei , Jiang Hua , Li Zijian , Dong Birong , Chen Huaihong , Wang Yan , Tang Yun , Hu Yu , Sun Jianqin , Chen Yanjin , Tao Yexuan , Zhou Suming , Cao Weixin , Wei Junmin
Published: June 2020

Based on the expert consensus on parenteral and enteral nutrition support for geriatric patients in China in 2013, domestic multidisciplinary experts were gathered to summarize the new evidence in the field of elderly nutritional support at home and abroad. The 2013 consensus was comprehensively updated and upgraded to a guideline by referring to the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation system for grading evidence. These guidelines were divided into two parts: general conditions and common diseases. After discussion by all members of the academic group and consultation with relevant experts, 60 recommendations were ultimately established as standardized nutritional support in the field of geriatrics in China.
Gas hydrate concentration measurements on sucrose solutions using a new pilot test rig
Authors: Doubra Parisa , Naidoo Paramespri , Nelson Wayne Michael , Ramjugernath Deresh
Published: June 2020

A new 750 cm3 pilot test rig based on the “isochoric pressure method” was designed and commissioned for the hydrate measurements to concentrate sucrose solutions. The reactor included an improved agitation system and enabled sampling of the sucrose solutions. The experimental method was validated be performing dissociation measurements for the CO2 + water system. Gas hydrate kinetic and sampling data were measured for the CO2 + sucrose solutions at sucrose concentrations between (12–60) oBrix, within the temperature range of (274.65–276.15) K and at pressures up to 3.70 MPa. Results showed that sucrose is a kinetic inhibitor. The data were modeled to obtain hydrate formation rate, storage capacity, gas consumption and apparent rate constant. Stage‐wise concentration measurements were performed with reactor conditions at 274.65 K, 3.70 MPa and 130 rpm mixer speed with liquid sample withdrawal. A final sucrose product of approximately 60 oBrix was obtained.
Collective behavior of evaporating droplets on superhydrophobic surfaces
Authors: Moradi Mehr Shiva , Businaro Luca , Habibi Mehdi , Moradi Ali‐Reza
Published: June 2020

We study the evaporation dynamics of multiple water droplets deposited in ordered arrays or randomly distributed (sprayed) on superhydrophobic substrates (SHP) and smooth silicon wafers (SW). The evaluation of mass of the droplets as a function of time shows a power‐law behavior with exponent 3/2, and from the prefactor of the power‐law an evaporation rate can be determined. We find that the evaporation rate on a SHP surface is slower than a normal surface for both single droplet and collection of droplets. By dividing a large droplet into more smaller ones, the evaporation rate increases and the difference between the evaporation rates on SHP and SW surfaces becomes higher. The evaporation rates depend also on the distance of the droplets which increase with increasing this distance.
Pathogenic variants in EP300 and ANKRD11 in patients with phenotypes overlapping Cornelia de Lange syndrome
Authors: Cucco Francesco , Sarogni Patrizia , Rossato Sara , Alpa Mirella , Patimo Alessandra , Latorre Ana , Magnani Cinzia , Puisac Beatriz , Ramos Feliciano J. , Pié Juan , Musio Antonio
Published: June 2020

Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS), Rubinstein–Taybi syndrome (RSTS), and KBG syndrome are three distinct developmental human disorders. Variants in seven genes belonging to the cohesin pathway, NIPBL, SMC1A, SMC3, HDAC8, RAD21, ANKRD11, and BRD4, were identified in about 80% of patients with CdLS, suggesting that additional causative genes remain to be discovered. Two genes, CREBBP and EP300, have been associated with RSTS, whereas KBG results from variants in ANKRD11. By exome sequencing, a genetic cause was elucidated in two patients with clinical diagnosis of CdLS but without variants in known CdLS genes. In particular, genetic variants in EP300 and ANKRD11 were identified in the two patients with CdLS. EP300 and ANKRD11 pathogenic variants caused the reduction of the respective proteins suggesting that their low levels contribute to CdLS‐like phenotype. These findings highlight the clinical overlap between CdLS, RSTS, and KBG and support the notion that these rare disorders are linked to abnormal chromatin remodeling, which in turn affects the transcriptional machinery.
Drug‐eluting implants in chronic rhinosinusitis: an evidence‐based review with recommendations
Authors: Smith Kristine A. , Kingdom Todd T. , Gray Stacey T. , Poetker David M. , Orlandi Richard R.
Published: June 2020

Background

Drug‐eluting implants are becoming increasingly popular in the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). A previous attempt to make an evidence‐based recommendation was hindered by limited evidence and experience with these implants. Since that time, the body of literature discussing drug‐eluting implants has grown rapidly. The objective of this study was to review drug‐eluting implants designed for use in the sinonasal cavity through an evidence‐based review with recommendations.

Methods

A systematic review of the literature was performed using PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Review, and gray literature databases from January 1990 through February 2019 to examine drug‐eluting implants used in CRS. Benefit‐harm assessments, value judgments, and recommendations were made based on the available evidence. Study exclusion criteria included studies unavailable in English and non‐endoscopic sinus surgeries. All authors agreed on recommendations through an iterative process.

Results

Thirty‐one studies were included in the final analysis. Absorbable drug‐eluting implants achieved a high aggregate grade of evidence (A), with a recommendation for their use to be considered in carefully selected patients. Nonabsorbable drug‐eluting implants were recommended against due to minimal evidence supporting clinical efficacy. Antibiotic and alternative drug‐eluting implants lack sufficient evidence for recommendations.

Conclusion

Absorbable steroid‐eluting implants are recommended for carefully selected patients with CRS. Additional research to define appropriate patient selection is needed.
Fine‐Tuning the Homometallic Interface of Au‐on‐Au Nanorods and Their Photothermal Therapy in the NIR‐II Window
Authors: Jia Jia , Liu Gongyuan , Xu Wenjia , Tian Xiaoli , Li Shuaibin , Han Fei , Feng Yuhua , Dong Xiaochen , Chen Hongyu
Published: June 2020

The localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of plasmonic nanomaterials is highly dependent on their structures. Going beyond simple shape and size, further structural diversification demands the growth of non‐wetting domains. Now, two new dimensions of synthetic controls in Au‐on‐Au homometallic nanohybrids are presented: the number of the Au islands and the emerging shapes. By controlling the interfacial energy and growth kinetics, a series of Au‐on‐AuNR hybrid structures are successfully obtained, with the newly grown Au domains being sphere and branched wire (nanocoral). The structural variety allowed the LSPR to be fine‐tuned in full spectrum range, making them excellent candidates for plasmonic applications. The nanocorals exhibit black‐body absorption and outstanding photothermal conversion capability in NIR‐II window. In vitro and in vivo experiments verified them as excellent photothermal therapy and photoacoustic imaging agents.
Trace measurement of lead and cadmium ions in wastewater samples using a novel dithizone immobilized metal–organic framework‐based μ‐dispersive solid‐phase extraction
Authors: Salimi Maryam , Behbahani Mohammad , Sobhi Hamid Reza , Ghambarian Mahnaz , Esrafili Ali
Published: June 2020

A low‐cost, reliable, easy‐to‐perform, sensitive and environmentally friendly metal–organic framework (MOF)‐based μ‐dispersivesolid‐phase extraction (μ‐dSPE) method for extraction and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GF‐AAS) determination of lead and cadmium ions in several wastewater samples was successfully developed. Initially, a zinc‐based MOF nanosorbent was prepared, immobilized with appropriate complexing agent dithizone (DTZ), characterized and eventually applied for the simultaneous extraction of the target ions. In practice, the application of the DTZ‐based MOF nanosorbent led to improvements in the extraction efficiency. After the extraction of the target ions, the desorption process, which was facilitated with vigorous agitation, was performed by applying a small amount of a desorption solvent (inorganic acid, HNO3). In the next step, concentrations of the desorbed heavy metal ions were measured using GF‐AAS. The parameters influencing the adsorption and desorption efficiencies were thoroughly evaluated followed by the establishment of optimal conditions. Under the optimum conditions, the calibration curves for respective Pb(II) and Cd(II) ions were linear over the concentration ranges 0.5–5.0 and 0.05–2.0 μg l−1. Relative recovery tests on spiked wastewater samples were performed with the results varying between 96% and 103%, whilst the analogous precisions were located in the range 1.8–3.1%. Finally, the μ‐dSPE method in conjunction with GF‐AAS was demonstrated to be fast, sensitive and cost‐effective, and could be potentially used in environmental laboratories for the surveillance of lead and cadmium ions in various wastewater samples.
Silver chloride supported on Vitamin B1 ‐Organometallic magnetic catalyst: synthesis, density functional theory study and application in A3‐coupling reactions
Authors: Esfandiary Naghmeh , Pazoki Farzane , Nakisa Athar , Azizi Kobra , Radfar Iman , Heydari Akbar
Published: June 2020

A highly efficient Fe3O4@VitB1–Ag(I) magnetic catalyst has been obtained using surface modification of Fe3O4. To this end, silver chloride was immobilized on Fe3O4 nanoparticles via vitamin B1 biomolecules. The synthesized biocompatible magnetic catalyst was applied in an A3‐coupling reaction in the presence of aldehyde, amine and phenyl acetylene under solvent‐free conditions and afforded the desired products in excellent yields. Also, interactions between metal and ligand in the Fe3O4@VitB1–Ag(I) were studied using theoretical calculations.
Silane‐functionalized Al2O3‐modified polyurethane powder coatings: Nonisothermal degradation kinetics and mechanistic insights
Authors: Hadavand Behzad Shirkavand , Jouyandeh Maryam , Paran Seyed Mohamad Reza , Khalili Reza , Vahabi Henri , Bafghi Hamed Fakharizadeh , Laoutid Fouad , Vijayan P. Poornima , Saeb Mohammad Reza
Published: June 2020

This work reports on nonisothermal degradation kinetics of polyurethane (PU)‐based powder coatings containing 1, 3, and 5%wt% vinyltrimethoxysilane functionalized Al2O3 (V‐Al2O3) nanoparticles. Thermogravimetric analysis of PU/V‐Al2O3 powder coatings with different V‐Al2O3 contents has been performed at different heating rates. Variation of activation energy (Ea) of PU/V‐Al2O3 powder coatings was modeled as a function of partial mass loss by using Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose, Ozawa–Wall–Flynn and modified Coats–Redfern isoconversional approaches. The results revealed hindered decomposition process of PU/V‐Al2O3 nanocomposite powder coatings, featured by an increase in activation energy of degradation from ∼158 for blank PU to 225, 183, and 229 kJ/mol for nanocomposites filled with 1, 3, and 5 wt% of V‐Al2O3, respectively. Likewise, pre‐exponential factor values increased for samples containing V‐Al2O3 nanoparticles compared to that of blank sample. Sestak–Berggren kinetic model appropriately captured thermal degradation behavior of PU/V‐Al2O3 nanocomposites than that of nth order decomposition kinetic reaction models.
Modeling of batch production of high vinyl styrene/butadiene copolymers for high performance tires
Authors: Rodriguez‐Guadarrama Luis
Published: June 2020

Mathematical modeling of batch production of high vinyl random styrene/butadiene copolymers in an industrial batch reactor was accomplished. Mass and energy balance equations were solved to model the nonisothermal anionic copolymerization of styrene/butadiene performed in an industrial batch reactor. The simulation model allows to predict the variation of the individual and global monomer conversion(s), temperature, pressure, and volume level of reactor with the time. Simulation model was used to determine the optimal polymerization conditions to maximize the production of a high vinyl random styrene/butadiene copolymer used in the manufacture of high performance tires.
Enhancement in electrical and thermal performance of high‐temperature vulcanized silicone rubber composites for outdoor insulating applications
Authors: Azizi Sohrab , Momen Gelareh , Ouellet‐Plamondon Claudiane , David Eric
Published: June 2020

High‐temperature vulcanized silicone rubber composites are highly desirable as outdoor insulating materials due to their immense thermal and electrical performance. The aim of this work is to study the role of co‐combined fillers (modified fumed silica [MFS], titanium dioxide [TiO2], with graphene [G]) on electrical and thermal properties of silicone rubber (S) composites. The dielectric response of S/MFS_10 phr and S/TiO2_20 composites tailored with 2 phr G was characterized by broadband dielectric spectroscopy. The hybrid filler/composites were found to show higher thermal stability when 2 phr G was added. In addition, a low quantity of G filler was found to slightly increase the AC dielectric breakdown strength of the S/MFS_10 and S/TiO2_20, where an improvement of 3 and 5% was found, respectively. Several steps were observed in the thermal decomposition of the S rubber composites by thermogravimetric analysis‐Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy. Our findings revealed great potentials for fabricating hybrid‐filler/silicone rubber composites with enhanced electrical and thermal properties for outdoor insulating applications.
Effect of morphology on shear viscosity for binary blends of polycarbonate and polystyrene
Authors: Tanaka Yuki , Sako Takumi , Hiraoka Tatsuhiro , Yamaguchi Misaki , Yamaguchi Masayuki
Published: June 2020

The structure and rheological properties of binary blends of polycarbonate (PC) and polystyrene (PS) were investigated using various PS samples with different molecular weights, namely PS1k (Mw = 1,000), PS53k (Mw = 53,000), and PS240k (Mw = 240,000). The blends with PS53k and PS240k show phase‐separated structures, whereas the blend with PS1k is miscible. The shear viscosity decreases greatly on addition of PS53k and PS240k, especially at high shear rates, which would be a great advantage at processing operations. Because the nonlinear response occurs in the small strain region for multilayered films of PC and PS240k, the origin of the significant viscosity drop for the phase‐separated system is interfacial slippage at the phase boundary.
Integrating fine‐scale seafloor mapping and spatial pattern metrics into marine conservation prioritization
Authors: Proudfoot Beatrice , Devillers Rodolphe , Brown Craig J.
Published: June 2020

Marine protected area (MPA) planning often relies on scientific principles that help ensure that an area selected for conservation will effectively protect biodiversity. Capturing ecological processes in MPA network planning has received increased attention in recent years. High‐resolution seafloor maps, which show patterns in seafloor bio‐physical characteristics, can support our understanding of ecological processes.

In part, owing to a global lack of high‐resolution seafloor maps, studies that aim to integrate seascape spatial pattern and conservation prioritization often focus on shallow biogenic habitats with less attention paid to deeper benthic seascapes (benthoscapes) mapped using acoustic techniques. Acoustic seafloor mapping strategies yield the spatial information required to extend conservation prioritization research into these environments, making incorporating seafloor ecological processes into conservation prioritization increasingly achievable.

Here, a new method is proposed and tested that combines benthoscape mapping, landscape ecology metrics and a conservation decision support tool to prioritize areas with structural and potential connectivity value in MPA placement. Using a case study in eastern Canada, benthoscape composition and configuration were quantified using spatial pattern metrics and integrated into Marxan.

Results illustrate how large patches of seafloor habitat in close proximity to neighbouring patches can be preferentially selected when benthoscape configuration is considered. The flexibility of the method for including relevant spatial pattern metrics or species‐specific movement data is discussed to illustrate how benthic habitat maps can improve existing conservation planning methods and complement existing and future work to support marine biodiversity conservation.
It takes all kinds of trees to make a forest. Using historic maps and forestry data to inform airborne laser scanning based archaeological prospection in woodland
Authors: Banaszek Łukasz
Published: June 2020

While airborne laser scanning (ALS) data is a key resource for studying afforested landscapes, other datasets are essential to understanding the character of surveyed areas, and for assessing the reliability of the remote sensed data interpretation. This article presents results of such assessment based on the analysis of contemporary forestry data and historic maps for a study area located south of Polanów, Poland, which was subject of bespoke ALS survey. Forestry data and historic maps were initially used to plan ALS data collection, and thereafter to assess data quality and bias. As a result, the longevity and patterning of afforestation were determined and these correlate with the outputs of interpretative mapping together offering a benchmark methodology for identifying survival zones for prehistoric and early medieval earthworks beyond the extents of early and late modern cultivation. In addition, the data characteristics discussed in this article demonstrate the importance of data analysis and survey methodology to inform the understanding of potential bias in the outputs of ALS surveys of afforested landscapes. By understanding this phenomenon at a local scale, the reliability of the data can be estimated. Given the nationwide availability of forestry data across Europe, as well as extensive coverage of historic maps, the results discussed in this article have a general application. Focusing on areas with the highest survival potential can lead to immediate discovery of premodern monuments, and hence prevent them from extensive, forestry management related, destruction.
Rechargeable Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries with Mild Electrolytes: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Kang Litao , Cui Mangwei , Zhang Zhongtao , Jiang Fuyi
Published: June 2020

Different from the contrary‐old alkaline Zn‐based batteries, aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs) refer to a series of safe, long‐life and low‐cost secondary batteries with divalent Zn2+ working as charge carriers. Compared to market dominant lithium ion batteries (LIBs) and Pb‐acid batteries, aqueous ZIBs feature a precious balance between safety, cost, lifetime, environmental benignity and energy/power density, due to their unique chemistry. The high performances of these batteries stem from the high‐capacities and large redox potential differences of cathodes/anodes, along with the swift redox reactions in the high ionic conductive aqueous electrolytes. With all components being intrinsically safe, stable, low cost and non‐corrosive, aqueous ZIBs hold promising prospects in application fields ranging from large scale energy storage systems to wearable electronics. In this paper, we comprehensively reviewed significant advances in aqueous ZIBs since their innovation in 1986, regarding the Zn2+‐storage mechanisms/design of cathodes, side reactions/stabilizing strategies of anodes/electrolytes, and especially the influence/optimization of current collectors and separators. Finally, a conclusion and outlook on current challenges and research trends of ZIBs is provided. This review attempts to present a general picture of the exploration and evolution of aqueous ZIBs, and to provide some guides for the further development of these energetic yet safe energy storage devices.