bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of Covalent Triazine Frameworks as Heterogeneous Catalytic Supports
Authors: Tahir Norini , Krishnaraj Chidharth , Leus Karen , Van Der Voort Pascal
Published: August 2019

Covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs) are established as an emerging class of porous organic polymers with remarkable features such as large surface area and permanent porosity, high thermal and chemical stability, and convenient functionalization that promotes great potential in heterogeneous catalysis. In this article, we systematically present the structural design of CTFs as a versatile scaffold to develop heterogeneous catalysts for a variety of chemical reactions. We mainly focus on the functionalization of CTFs, including their use for incorporating and stabilization of nanoparticles and immobilization of molecular complexes onto the frameworks.
Detecting Vegetation Variations and Main Drivers over the Agropastoral Ecotone of Northern China through the Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition Method
Authors: Xue Yayong , Zhang Baoqing , He Chansheng , Shao Rui
Published: August 2019

Vegetation is the major component of the terrestrial ecosystem. Understanding both climate change and anthropogenically induced vegetation variation is essential for ecosystem management. In this study, we used an ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) method and a linear regression model to investigate spatiotemporal variations in the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) over the agropastoral ecotone of northern China (APENC) during the 1982–2015 period. A quantitative approach was proposed based on the residual trend (RESTREND) method to distinguish the effects of climatic (i.e., temperature (TEM), precipitation (PRE), total downward solar radiation (RAD), and near surface wind speed (SWS)) and anthropogenic effects on vegetation variations. The results showed that the NDVI exhibited a significant greening trend of 0.002 year−1 over the entire study period of 1982–2015 and that areas with monotonous greening dominated the entire APENC, occupying 40.97% of the region. A browning trend was also found in the central and northern parts of the APENC. PRE presented the highest spatial correlation with the NDVI and climate factors, suggesting that PRE was the most important factor affecting NDVI changes in the study area. In addition, the RESTREND results indicated that anthropogenic contributions dominated the vegetation variations in the APENC. Therefore, reusing farmland for grass and tree planting made a positive contribution to vegetation restoration, while deforestation, overgrazing, and the reclamation of grasslands were the opposite. In addition, with the continuous implementation of national ecological engineering programs such as the Grain to Green Program, positive human activity contributions to vegetation greening significantly increased. These results will support decision- and policy-making in the assessment and rehabilitation of ecosystems in the study region.
Detection of Soil Pipes Using Ground Penetrating Radar
Authors: Bernatek-Jakiel Anita , Kondracka Marta
Published: August 2019

Soil piping leads to land degradation in almost all morphoclimatic regions. However, the detection of soil pipes is still a methodological challenge. Therefore, this study aims at testing ground penetrating radar (GPR) to identify soil pipes and to present the complexity of soil pipe networks. The GPR surveys were conducted at three sites in the Bieszczady Mountains (SE Poland), where pipes develop in Cambisols. In total, 36 GPR profiles longitudinal and transverse to piping systems were made and used to provide spatial visualization of pipe networks. Soil pipes were identified as reflection hyperbolas on radargrams, which were verified with the surface indicators of piping, i.e., sagging of the ground and the occurrence of pipe roof collapses. Antennas of 500 MHz and 800 MHz were tested, which made possible the penetration of the subsurface up to 3.2 m and 2 m, respectively. Concerning ground properties, antenna frequencies and processing techniques, there was a potential possibility to detect pipes with a minimum diameter of 3.5 cm (using the antenna of lower frequency), and 2.2 cm (with the antenna of higher frequency). The results have proved that soil pipes meander horizontally and vertically and their networks become more complicated and extensive down the slope. GPR is a useful method to detect soil pipes, although it requires field verification and the proper selection of antenna frequency.
Seasonal Progression of Ground Displacement Identified with Satellite Radar Interferometry and the Impact of Unusually Warm Conditions on Permafrost at the Yamal Peninsula in 2016
Authors: Bartsch Annett , Leibman Marina , Strozzi Tazio , Khomutov Artem , Widhalm Barbara , Babkina Elena , Mullanurov Damir , Ermokhina Ksenia , Kroisleitner Christine , Bergstedt Helena
Published: August 2019

Ground subsidence monitoring by Synthetic Aperture Radar interferometry (InSAR) over Arctic permafrost areas is largely limited by long revisit intervals, which can lead to signal decorrelation. Recent satellite missions such as COSMO-Skymed (X-band) and Sentinel-1 (C-band) have comparably short time intervals of a few days. We analyze dense records of COSMO-Skymed from 2013 and 2016 and of Sentinel-1 from 2016, 2017, and 2018 for the unfrozen period over central Yamal (Russia). These years were distinct in environmental conditions and 2016 in particular was unusually warm. We evaluate the InSAR-derived displacement with in situ subsidence records, active-layer thickness measurements, borehole temperature records, meteorological data, C-band scatterometer records, and a land-cover classification based on Sentinel-1 and -2 data. Our results indicate that a comparison of seasonal thaw evolution between years is feasible after accounting for the early thaw data gap in InSAR time series (as a result of snow cover) through an assessment with respect to degree-days of thawing. Average rates of subsidence agree between in situ and Sentinel-1 (corrected for viewing geometry), with 3.9 mm and 4.3 mm per 100 degree-days of thaw at the test site. X-band and C-band records agree well with each other, including seasonal evolution of subsidence. The average displacement is more than twice in magnitude at the active-layer monitoring test site in 2016 compared to the other years. We further demonstrate that InSAR displacement can not only provide information on the magnitude of ground thaw but also on soil properties through analyses of seasonal evolution in extreme years.
Fast and Effective Techniques for LWIR Radiative Transfer Modeling: A Dimension-Reduction Approach
Authors: Westing Nicholas , Borghetti Brett , Gross Kevin C.
Published: August 2019

The increasing spatial and spectral resolution of hyperspectral imagers yields detailed spectroscopy measurements from both space-based and airborne platforms. These detailed measurements allow for material classification, with many recent advancements from the fields of machine learning and deep learning. In many scenarios, the hyperspectral image must first be corrected or compensated for atmospheric effects. Radiative Transfer (RT) computations can provide look up tables (LUTs) to support these corrections. This research investigates a dimension-reduction approach using machine learning methods to create an effective sensor-specific long-wave infrared (LWIR) RT model. The utility of this approach is investigated emulating the Mako LWIR hyperspectral sensor ( Δ λ ≃ 0.044   μ m , Δ ν ˜ ≃ 3.9 cm − 1 ). This study employs physics-based metrics and loss functions to identify promising dimension-reduction techniques and reduce at-sensor radiance reconstruction error. The derived RT model shows an overall root mean square error (RMSE) of less than 1 K across reflective to emissive grey-body emissivity profiles.
Evaluation of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Point-of-Care Testing for Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Regan Brian , Boyle Fiona , O’Kennedy Richard , Collins David
Published: August 2019

Molecular imprinting is a rapidly growing area of interest involving the synthesis of artificial recognition elements that enable the separation of analyte from a sample matrix and its determination. Traditionally, this approach can be successfully applied to small analyte (<1.5 kDa) separation/ extraction, but, more recently it is finding utility in biomimetic sensors. These sensors consist of a recognition element and a transducer similar to their biosensor counterparts, however, the fundamental distinction is that biomimetic sensors employ an artificial recognition element. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) employed as the recognition elements in biomimetic sensors contain binding sites complementary in shape and functionality to their target analyte. Despite the growing interest in molecularly imprinting techniques, the commercial adoption of this technology is yet to be widely realised for blood sample analysis. This review aims to assess the applicability of this technology for the point-of-care testing (POCT) of cardiovascular disease-related biomarkers. More specifically, molecular imprinting is critically evaluated with respect to the detection of cardiac biomarkers indicative of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), such as the cardiac troponins (cTns). The challenges associated with the synthesis of MIPs for protein detection are outlined, in addition to enhancement techniques that ultimately improve the analytical performance of biomimetic sensors. The mechanism of detection employed to convert the analyte concentration into a measurable signal in biomimetic sensors will be discussed. Furthermore, the analytical performance of these sensors will be compared with biosensors and their potential implementation within clinical settings will be considered. In addition, the most suitable application of these sensors for cardiovascular assessment will be presented.
Logarithmic Strain Model for Nonlinear Load Cell
Authors: Hong Young-Dae , Lee Bumjoo
Published: August 2019

General load cells have typically constant sensitivity throughout the measurement range, which is acceptable for common force measurement systems. However, it is not adequate for high-performance control and high-stroke applications such as robotic systems. It is required to have a higher sensitivity in a small force range than that in a large force range. In contrast, for large loading force, it is more important to increase the measurement range than the sensitivity. To cope with these characteristics, the strain curve versus the force measurement should be derived as a logarithmic graph. To implement this nonlinear nature, the proposed load cell is composed of two mechanical components: an activator, which has a curved surface profile to translocate the contact point, and a linear torque measurement unit with a moment lever to measure the loading force. To approximate the logarithmic deformation, the curvature of the activator was designed by an exponential function. Subsequent design parameters were optimized by an evolutionary computation.
Investigation of the Precision in Geodetic Reference-Point Positioning Because of Temperature-Induced Pillar Deflections
Authors: Močnik Robert , Koler Božo , Zupan Dejan , Ambrožič Tomaž
Published: August 2019

To perform geodetic measurements of displacements of the ground and manmade constructions, stabilised reference points are needed from which control points on the object or its surroundings could be measured. Reference points are most commonly stabilised with reinforced concrete pillars; however, they are not always constructed in an appropriate manner. The influence of temperature variation within a pillar on the position of the fixed screw for forced centring is not negligible and should be considered when performing precise measurements. In this research paper, the displacement of a pillar was calculated as a result of the temperature changes in the pillar, and then an experiment was performed in which the pillar was heated from one side, and the horizontal displacement of the fixed screw for forced centring was measured. Both, calculations and measurements, show that at a temperature difference of 16.2 °C, the fixed screw on a 1.5 m high pillar moves by approximately 1 mm, which is a displacement that should be taken into account in precise measurements.
Single-Step FRET-Based Detection of Femtomoles DNA
Authors: Sapkota Kumar , Kaur Anisa , Megalathan Anoja , Donkoh-Moore Caleb , Dhakal Soma
Published: August 2019

Sensitive detection of nucleic acids and identification of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is crucial in diagnosis of genetic diseases. Many strategies have been developed for detection and analysis of DNA, including fluorescence, electrical, optical, and mechanical methods. Recent advances in fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based sensing have provided a new avenue for sensitive and quantitative detection of various types of biomolecules in simple, rapid, and recyclable platforms. Here, we report single-step FRET-based DNA sensors designed to work via a toehold-mediated strand displacement (TMSD) process, leading to a distinct change in the FRET efficiency upon target binding. Using single-molecule FRET (smFRET), we show that these sensors can be regenerated in situ, and they allow detection of femtomoles DNA without the need for target amplification while still using a dramatically small sample size (fewer than three orders of magnitude compared to the typical sample size of bulk fluorescence). In addition, these single-molecule sensors exhibit a dynamic range of approximately two orders of magnitude. Using one of the sensors, we demonstrate that the single-base mismatch sequence can be discriminated from a fully matched DNA target, showing a high specificity of the method. These sensors with simple and recyclable design, sensitive detection of DNA, and the ability to discriminate single-base mismatch sequences may find applications in quantitative analysis of nucleic acid biomarkers.
A Further Exploration of Multi-Slot Based Spectrum Sensing
Authors: Zhu Jia , Cao Hongsong , Mu Junsheng
Published: August 2019

Spectrum sensing (SS) exhibits its advantages in the era of Internet of Things (IoT) due to limited spectrum resource and a lower utilization rate of authorized spectrum. In consequence, the performance improvement of SS seems a matter of great significance for the development of wireless communication and IoT. Motivated by this, this paper is devoted to multi-slot based SS in specialty and several important conclusions are drawn. Firstly, SS with one slot outperforms those with multiple slots if decision fusion rule is considered for multi-slot based SS. Secondly, multi-slot based SS is conducive to the performance improvement of SS when instantaneous strong noise occurs in the radio environment. Thirdly, for multi-slot based cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS), majority voting rule among multiple nodes obtains the optimal sensing performance. Both theoretical analysis and simulation experiment validate the conclusions drawn in this paper.
Origin of the 16S Ribosomal Molecule from Ancestor tRNAs
Authors: de Farias Savio Torres , Rego Thais Gaudencio , José Marco V.
Published: August 2019

We tested the hypothesis that concatemers of ancestral tRNAs gave rise to the 16S ribosomal RNA. We built an ancestral sequence of proto-tRNAs that showed a significant identity of 51.69% and a percentage of structural identity of 0.941 with the 16S ribosomal molecule. We also propose a hypothesis for the emergence of translation.
On Mautner-Type Probability of Capture of Intergalactic Meteor Particles by Habitable Exoplanets
Authors: Kovacevic Andjelka
Published: August 2019

Both macro and microprojectiles (e.g., interplanetary, interstellar and even intergalactic material)are seen as important vehicles for the exchange of potential (bio)material within our solar system as wellas between stellar systems in our Galaxy. Accordingly, this requires estimates of the impact probabilitiesfor different source populations of projectiles, including for intergalactic meteor particles which havereceived relatively little attention since considered as rare events (discrete occurrences that are statisticallyimprobable due to their very infrequent appearance). We employ the simple but yet comprehensivemodel of intergalactic microprojectile capture by the gravity of exoplanets which enables us to estimatethe map of collisional probabilities for an available sample of exoplanets in habitable zones around hoststars. The model includes a dynamical description of the capture adopted from Mautner model ofinterstellar exchange of microparticles and changed for our purposes. We use statistical and informationmetrics to calculate probability map of intergalactic meteorite particle capture. Moreover, by calculatingthe entropy index map we measure the concentration of these rare events. We further adopted a modelfrom immigration theory, to show that the transient distribution of birth/death/immigration of materialfor the simplest case has a high value.
Market Orientation in NGDOs: Construction of a Scale Focused on Their Stakeholders
Authors: Valero-Amaro Víctor , Galera-Casquet Clementina , Barroso-Méndez María Jesús
Published: August 2019

Nongovernmental development organizations (NGDOs) have traditionally enjoyed notable recognition and visibility within the field of nonprofit organizations. However, the situation of this sector is problematic in its need to respond to various threats whether programmatic, financial, or of social legitimacy. This study poses as a hypothesis that market orientation, as a management philosophy which many NGDOs could adopt, may be fundamental for them to deal successfully with the challenges they face. An analysis of the literature on market orientation in the nonprofit sector showed that the existing models of market orientation did not adequately capture NGDOs’ real working context, thus recommending a broader market approach based on proposals oriented to the stakeholder and to social aspects. For this reason, the objective of the study was to create a scale of market orientation adapted to the reality of the work of NGDOs. Analysis of a sample of 104 Spanish entities allowed an eight-factor market orientation scale for NGDOs to be created and validated, which reached optimal values of reliability and validity.
How Can Teachers Be Encouraged to Commit to Sustainability? Evaluation of a Teacher-Training Experience in Spain
Authors: Varela-Losada Mercedes , Arias-Correa Azucena , Pérez-Rodríguez Uxío , Vega-Marcote Pedro
Published: August 2019

The main objective of this study was to design and evaluate an experience for future teachers focused on the participatory search for sustainability through role play so that outcomes related to improving the way they see the world and their commitment to mitigate climate change could be analysed. The study was carried out with a socio-critical focus, using a qualitative approach. To this effect, semi-open interviews were conducted, and their results were codified and studied using content analysis. The outcomes show that this type of educational experience can contribute to improving commitment to climate change and new, more sustainable ways of understanding the world—starting with improving the training of free-thinking, discerning people who are able to use information and collaborate in solving socio-environmental problems. Proposals based on participatory and experiential learning, fostering ethical considerations and the training of people who are more critical and discerning, should be the basis of new models of Environmental Education for Sustainability that seek to educate a society capable of addressing present and future socio-environmental challenges.
Mapping Students’ Development in Response to Sustainability Education: A Conceptual Model
Authors: Greig Alison , Priddle Julian
Published: August 2019

Target 4.7 of the Sustainable Development Goals requires that, by 2030, all learners acquire the knowledge and skills needed to promote sustainable development. This not only demands an interdisciplinary approach, but also that this approach must seek to be transformative, with change for sustainability as an explicit outcome in addition to subject knowledge. Many have argued that the complex or ‘wicked’ nature of sustainability challenges indicates the need for a learning experience that emphasizes active, reflective learning across-and between-discipline areas. In this paper we develop a conceptual model of sustainability learning for higher education that can potentially address the distinctiveness of sustainability education and monitor students’ progression as learners. Our conceptual model of sustainability learning, has been developed on a university Master’s program in Sustainability and integrates continua of pedagogy and disciplinarity into a three-dimensional space. Learners can be represented as different loci within this space at different points in their development. This potentially allows a ‘learning journey’ to be plotted. We propose that the model can also be used more widely as a tool to visualize learning progression within other university programs, providing an opportunity for both learners and curriculum designers to reflect on progress.
Hamiltonian Structure, Symmetries and Conservation Laws for a Generalized (2 + 1)-Dimensional Double Dispersion Equation
Authors: Recio Elena , Garrido Tamara M. , de la Rosa Rafael , Bruzón María S.
Published: August 2019

This paper considers a generalized double dispersion equation depending on a nonlinear function f ( u ) and four arbitrary parameters. This equation describes nonlinear dispersive waves in 2 + 1 dimensions and admits a Lagrangian formulation when it is expressed in terms of a potential variable. In this case, the associated Hamiltonian structure is obtained. We classify all of the Lie symmetries (point and contact) and present the corresponding symmetry transformation groups. Finally, we derive the conservation laws from those symmetries that are variational, and we discuss the physical meaning of the corresponding conserved quantities.
Mapping the Sound Environment of Andorra and Escaldes-Engordany by Means of a 3D City Model Platform
Authors: Alsina-Pagès Rosa Ma , Vilella Marc , Pons Marc , Garcia Almazan Robert
Published: August 2019

In the new paradigm of the smart cities world, public opinion is one of the most important issues in the new conception of urban space and its corresponding regulations. The data collection in terms of environmental noise cannot only be related to the value of the equivalent noise level L A e q of the places of interest. According to WHO reports, the different types of noise (traffic, anthropomorphic, industrial, and others) have different effects on citizens; the focus of this study is to use the identification of noise sources and their single impacts on background urban noise to develop a visualization tool that can represent all this information in real time. This work used a 3D model platform to visualize the acoustic measurements recorded at three strategic positions over the country by means of a sound map. This was a pilot project in terms of noise source identification. The visualization method presented in this work supports the understanding of the data collected and helps the space-time interpretation of the events. In the study of soundscape, it is essential not only to have the information of the events that have occurred, but also to have the relations established between them and their location. The platform visualizes the measured noise and differentiates four types of noise, the equivalent acoustic level measured and the salience of the event with respect to background noise by means of the calculation of SNR (Signal-to-Noise), providing better data both in terms of quantity and quality and allowing policy-makers to make better-informed decisions on how to minimize the impact of environmental noise on people.
Decentralisation Versus Territorial Inequality: A Comparative Review of English City Region Policy Discourse
Authors: Schneider Carina , Cottineau Clémentine
Published: August 2019

The most recent English attempts at decentralisation take the shape of the city region devolution policy agenda. Decentralisation claims to empower localities and address regional growth imbalances, while creating a variety of new temporary and selective fiscal and geographic arrangements in policy-making that have the potential to create the opposite effect. This paper focuses on the relationship between decentralisation and territorial inequalities through the analysis of strategic discourse of six ‘devolved authorities’. A quantitative, qualitative, and comparative approach to this question complements the traditional insights obtained from in-depth case study analysis using actors’ interviews. It focuses on city regions’ official discourse of self-conceptualisation and marketization, and thereby highlights the wider policy and regional theory context of their production to frame the structural factors impacting the rewriting of city regional space. By doing so, we find a number of issues with the current decentralisation approach in competing priorities between localities, an over-reliance on agglomeration economies and urban competition, potential mismatches in scales of policy decision-making and delivery, and challenges regarding inequalities in a post-Brexit England.
Site Assessment for MAR through GIS and Modeling in West Coast, South Africa
Authors: Zhang Heng , Xu Yongxin , Kanyerere Thokozani
Published: August 2019

Towns along the West Coast of South Africa are facing water shortages due to climate change and increasing water demand. Managed aquifer recharge (MAR) is considered as a solution to improve water security. This paper presents a two-step method of combining geographic information system (GIS) based analysis with numerical modeling to select suitable sites for implementing MAR in the West Coast area. Many factors were taken into account to generate the initial map for suitable sites through GIS based analysis. Subsequently, groundwater flow modeling was adopted to verify and optimize the suitable sites selected by GIS based analysis. The result showed that the map for suitable sites produced by the GIS based analysis was reasonable from a spatial aspect, but due to the lack of groundwater seepage information, the most suitable sites developed are not necessarily the optimal choices in practice. With the aid of both the spatial analysis in GIS and seepage simulation, this two-step analysis approach provides a reliable solution to identify suitable sites for implementing MAR. This approach provides a much better reference to the study of suitable sites and possible impacts of implementing MAR in an aquifer in similar areas with water stress.
ANALISIS PENGARUH PARTISIPASI ANGGARAN DAN KEJELASAN SASARAN ANGGARAN TERHADAP SENJANGAN ANGGARAN DENGAN KOMITMEN ORGANISASI SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERASI (Studi Kasus Pada Pegawai Kantor Kecamatan se-Kabupaten Demak)
Authors: Sari Wavi Aminda , Mohklas Mohklas
Published: August 2019

This study aims to determine the effect of budget participation and clarity of budget targets on budget slack at the District Office in Demak District. This study uses primary data that is by providing questionnaire in the form of questionnaires distributed to respondents among others: sub-district, sub-district secretary, general sub-section and staffing, planning and reporting sub-division, sub-section of finance in Kecamatan Office in Demak Regency.The sample in this study was obtained by purposive sampling method. A total of 96 questionnaires were distributed to respondents, but with some obstacles there were 3 respondents who did not respond, so that only 93 questionnaires were sampled. The data obtained were then processed and analyzed as many as 93 questionnaires. The statistical method used to test the hypothesis is multiple linear regression analysis and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA).The results of this study indicate that budgetary participation has a positive and significant effect on budgetary slack and the clarity of budget targets has a negative and significant effect on budgetary slack. While organizational commitment can moderate the positive relationship between budget participation and budgetary slack, so organizational commitment can moderate the negative relationship between clarity of budget goals and budgetary budget
INFLUENCE OF POROUSNESS OF GRINDING MEDIA OF A BALL DRUM ON DISPERSE CHARACTERISTICS OF CLINKER
Authors: Борисов И. , Borisov I. , Стронин А. , Stronin A. , Классен В.К. , Klassen Viktor
Published: August 2019

Currently, most cement mills operate in a closed circuit. Installing a separator without a significant modernization of the mill allows to increase its productivity (by about 20 %) and improve the grain size distribution of the cement; therefore the improvement of the separation process, especially abroad, is of great importance. The advantage of converting a mill to a closed circuit is not limited to the above described positive sides. The separator allows to reduce the weighted average diameter of the ball and the degree of adhesion of the material, provides the ability to control the fineness of cement without changing the range of grinding bodies. As a result, the efforts of scientists are directed towards improving the design of separators, while they usually do not pay enough attention to the main characteristics of the grinding load and adjust them considering the presence of separation system. Many scientists have established the fact that the optimal composition and characteristics of the grinding load can increase the productivity of the ball mill by 10–20 % without reducing the fineness of the cement grinding. Switching the mill to a closed circuit while using a rational grinding load, both in the first and in the second chamber will achieve an additive effect of increasing the energy efficiency of the grinding unit. The authors of this article pay special attention to the packing density of grinding media in the second chamber, because the increase in the value of this indicator does not always lead to a positive effect. On the basis of experimental data, the article proves the absence of an unambiguous relationship between the porousness of the grinding load under equal conditions and the value of the parameters characterizing the fineness of grinding.
MENUJU PENDIDIKAN KATOLIK YANG MEMIHAK ORANG MISKIN
Authors: Dewantara Agustinus Wisnu
Published: August 2019

Naturally, all mankinds have a desire to know. In this pattern knew that education is the natural need of the human being. This fact encourages the Catholic Church to dedicate his lives for education. This paper will punctuate the option of the Church that the poor and the oppressed must be helped, especially in education. This option, of course, has little popularity, because of its risks. Education is effective evangelization. Meanwhile, as the power and culture of the empire were  deteriorating, the Catholic Church was gaining headway, especially among the poor and oppressed masses.
MENELADAN SIKAP PAUS YOHANES PAULUS II DALAM MENUMBUHKAN BUDAYA PERDAMAIAN DI TENGAH KELUARGA
Authors: Wijaya Albert I Ketut Deni
Published: August 2019

All mankinds in over the world wants and hopes for peace coming true so much. Peaceful must be begun from family environment, because children learn anything easily and fastly by imitating and watching adult behavior. In this context, it is necessary to learn from Pope John Paul II, who always fight for peace during his life. He believes that peace could be reach from the familiy where it values established and from the comunities where it can be accelerated.
KELUARGA DAN EKARISTI
Authors: Ardijanto Don Bosco Karnan
Published: August 2019

Modernisasi membawa berkat tetapi juga ancaman pada saat yang sama. Di satu sisi, modernisasi meningkatkan taraf hidup, pendidikan dan kesehatan manusia. Di sisi lain, modernisasi mengakibatkan manusia mengalami keterpecahan diri, melahirkan mentalitas dan orientasi hidup yang cenderung mendewakan uang, pangkat, jabatan, dll. Modernisasi berdampak buruk terhadap kehidupan keluarga Kristiani dan Perayaan Ekaristi.
KELUARGA BERENCANA DAN PRAKTEK KB DALAM KELUARGA KATOLIK
Authors: Gaudiawan Antonius Virdei Eresto
Published: August 2019

Keturunan merupakan karunia yang sangat diharapkan dan bahkan menjadi tujuan perkawinan itu sendiri. Akan tetapi, sebagai kelanjutan dari keturunan, magisterium Gereja menekankan pentingnya pendidikan anak. Orang tua hendaknya berusaha sekuat tenaga untuk memelihara, mendidik dan merawat anak tersebut. Dalam rangka peningkatan pendidikan anak, pemerintah telah menjalankan berbagai program keluarga berencana sebagai upaya konkrit merencanakan dan mengelola kehidupan keluarga secara bertanggungjawab sehingga setiap anggota keluarga bisa berkembang sebagai manusia seutuhnya. Bagaimana sikap dan pandangan Gereja tentang Keluarga Berencana? Artikel ini akan memberi jawaban.
Control de las medidas de asepsia en el área neonatológica de un Hospital al sur de Ecuador
Authors: Calderón Carmen Silverio , Cabrera Gia Cristhian Damian
Published: August 2019

Recibido: 09 de abril de 2019Aprobado: 20 de mayo de 2019El presente artículo es un estudio descriptivo que cumple con el objetivo de identificar la aplicación de medidas de control para mejorar la asepsia en la atención neonatal, mediante un estudio microbiológico de un Hospital ubicado al sur del Ecuador.  Para lo cual se aplicó el método de Inoculación, mediante la técnica de sedimentación en placa, método de aislamiento, método Gravimétrico, Método Volumétrico, método McFarland, se aplicaron pruebas bioquímicas y enzimáticas. Las muestras ambientales (cajas petri) fueron procesadas en el área de bacteriología según el Protocolo de Toma de Muestra de Ambiente, establecido por el Hospital en estudio. Se determinó mediante el estudio microbiológico que la presencia de microorganismos en ambiente del área de neonatología de un Hospital ubicado al Sur del Ecuador fue de <5 Unidades Formadores de Colonias por cada muestra positiva analizada y se identificó al S. epidermis como el agente con mayor frecuencia por ostentarse por 4 ocasiones y se identificó a la Unidad de Cuidados Básicos como la unidad con mayor continuidad de colonias por presentar un crecimiento de 11 colonias bacterianas; concluyendo que la presencia de microorganismos en el Hospital estudiado fue mínima. De los 14 muestreos realizados, se destaca S. epidermis en un 80%, S. saprophyticus 12%, E. coli en un 4% y Serratia marcescens 4%. Al comparar los resultados obtenidos en las unidades de estudio con la Norma UNE‐EN‐ISO 14698‐1/2:2006 se clasificó como ambientes muy limpios, sin evidenciar riesgo para la salud de los recién nacidos.
The effect of “Forgiveness therapy” on depression and low self-esteem for a victim of abuse: A Case study
Authors: Tagreed Malik Jeledan
Published: August 2019

It has been said before that “No one forgives with more grace and love than a child”. And also no one can compete the child with his outstanding memory which can’t forget deep injuries during childhood, especially when these multiple abuses come from his/her parents and other relatives. Being physically abused, emotionally abused, and neglected from her biological parents and sexually abused from one of her relatives, this 25 years old female, who is a student in the university, suffers from severe depression and very low level of self-esteem.

The current research aims at decreasing the client’s depression and improving her self-esteem through case study techniques, assessing her needs, fears, deep feelings and behavior using a variety of methods, including projective tests, life history, interviews and direct observation of her behavior.

The researcher will attempt to help this female using the techniques of the “Forgiveness Therapy” which is described by a number of clinicians and researchers as a promising approach to anger-reduction, depression healing and the restoration of general emotional and mental health. Key words: Forgiveness Therapy, depression, self-esteem, child abuse, physical abuse, emotional abuse, neglect, sexual abuse, childhood, case study, clinical psychology.
Female executive dan manajemen laba: Riset pada perusahaan manufaktur di Indonesia
Authors: Suciani Anindya Setya , Purnama Hari
Published: August 2019

This study aims to test the effect of female executives on earnings management. The research was conducted at the manufacturing company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the 2015-2017 period. The purposive sampling was used 75 companies as data sample. Multiple linear regression test is used to see the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable. The result of the analysis shows that the Female Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Female Chief Financial Officer (CFO) and Female Board of Commissioner does not influence earnings management. Whereas, the growth variable affects earnings management
Glycated Albumin Sebagai Penanda Kontrol Glikemik Pada Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2
Authors: Ake Anselmus , Saraswati Made Ratna , Widiana I Gde Raka
Published: August 2019

Latar Belakang: Glycated albumin (GA) merupakan indeks kontrol glikemik yang relatif baru. GA mencerminkan statusglukosa darah yang lebih pendek dibandingkan HbA1C, yakni 2-4 minggu sebelumnya. Tujuan: untuk mengetahuiapakah GA dapat digunakan sebagai penanda kontrol glikemik pada penderita DM tipe 2 (DMT2) dengan mencarisensitivitas, spesifisitas, nilai duga positif (NDP), dan nilai duga negatif (NDN) dari GA. Metode: Penelitian inimerupakan uji diagnostik, studi potong lintang, dilaksanakan di RSUP Sanglah dari Desember 2015 hingga Februari2016 menggunakan sampel 59 pasien DMT2. Kontrol glikemik ditentukan dengan HbA1C, glukosa puasa dan glukosa2JPP (baku emas). Hasil: Didapatkan area under ROC curve GA adalah 0,9135 (91,35%). Didapatkan 5 cut off point GAdimana 2 cut off point menunjukkan kemampuan skrining GA yakni ≥18,7% dan ≥19%, 2 cut off point menunjukkankemampuan diagnostik GA yakni ≥21,4% dan 22,4%, dan 1 cut off point optimal yakni 20,4%. Hasil uji diagnostikdengan menggunakan tabel silang 2x2 pada masing-masing cut off point yaitu GA ≥18,7% sensitivitas 94,7%;spesifisitas 76,2%; NDP 87,8%; NDN 88,9%. GA ≥19% sensitivitas 89,5%; spesifisitas 81%; NDP 89,5%; NDN 81%. GA ≥20,4% sensitivitas 81,6%; spesifisitas 85,7%; NDP 91,2%; NDN 72%. GA ≥21,4% sensitivitas 76,3%; spesifisitas 90,5%;NDP 93,5%; NDN 67,9%. GA ≥22,4% sensitivitas 63,2%; spesifisitas 95,2%; NDP 96%; NDN 58,8%. Berdasarkan ujikorelasi, terdapat hubungan positif kuat antara GA dengan HbA1C, GA dengan glukosa puasa dan GA dengan glukosa2JPP. Kesimpulan: Pemeriksaan GA darah dapat digunakan sebagai modalitas diagnostik dalam menilai kontrolglikemik pada penderita DMT2.
Faktor determinan kesintasan hidup lebih dari lima tahun pada pasien hemodialisis reguler
Authors: Sudjana Karismayusa , Ayu Nyoman Paramita , Kandarini Yenny , Widiana Raka , Sudhana Wayan , Loekman Jodi Sidharta , Suwitra Ketut
Published: August 2019

Latar Belakang: Pasien hemodialisis regular memiliki risiko mortalitas yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan populasinormal. Angka kesintasam hidup lima tahun pasien hemodialisis regular adalah 35,8% namun angka ini bervariasi di tiap populasi dan dipengaruhi berbagai faktor.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor determinan dari kesintasan hidup lebih dari lima tahun pada pasien hemodialisis regular.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kasus-kontrol. Data diambil dari Indonesian Renal Registry Report di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Sanglah, Denpasar, Bali. 37 pasien yang menjalani hemodialisis regular selama lebih dari 5 tahun dicocokkan dengan 37 pasien yang menjalani hemodialisis regular selama kurang dari 5 tahun, berdasarkan umur. Data dianalisis dengan uji chi-square.Hasil: Prevalensi pasien yang menjalani hemodialisis regular selama lebih dari 5 tahun didapatkan 9,52%. Kamimenganalisa etiologi penyakit ginjal kronik (PGK), jenis kelamin, tekanan darah, anemia, dan status kecukupanhemodialisis. Perbedaan signifikan kedua kelompok didapatkan pada etiologi PGK (p = 0,021) dan anemia  p=0,0). Tidak didapatkan perbedaan signifikan pada jenis kelamin, tekanan darah, dan status kecukupan hemodialisis (p = 0,63, p = 0,64, dan p = 0,34).Simpulan: Penelitian kami menunjukkan bahwa faktor determinan yang berperan signifikan pada kesintasan hidup lebih dari 5 tahun adalah etiologi PGK dan status anemia.
Developing a Better and More User-Friendly Numeracy Scale for Patients
Authors: Hill W. Trey , Brase Gary L. , Kenney Kevin L.
Published: August 2019

Background:

A person's ability to work with and understand numerical information (i.e., numeracy) is increasingly important in everyday health and other decision-making contexts. Several survey measures of numeracy have been developed to address this trend, including the widely used General Numeracy Scale (GNS), which is thematically focused on health decision-making and is assumed to measure a unidimensional construct of numeracy.

Objective:

The present research was designed to evaluate this proposed unidimensional structure of general numeracy, for which prior data have given mixed empirical support.

Methods:

Three samples completed the GNS, in different forms, and responses were analyzed in terms of underlying factor structure.

Key Results:

We show that both one-factor and four-factor models of numeracy are plausible based on the GNS (Study 1), and then develop a multiple-choice version of the GNS (i.e., the MC-GNS) that demonstrates some increased clarity in factor structure due to the consistent response format (Study 2). A further study evaluated the convergent and discriminant validity of the MC-GNS (Study 3), finding it to be as good as or better than the prior scale.

Conclusions:

Additionally, the MC-GNS is easier for people to take, likely to be less stressful, and easier for practitioners to score. Collectively, this research identifies a problem with the GNS measure, develops improvements to help address this problem, and in the process creates a way to more easily measure numeracy in practical settings.

[
HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice
. 2019;3(3):e174–e180.]

Plain Language Summary:

Numeracy is important across health contexts. Prevalent numeracy scales assumedly measure a single construct but empirical support for this is lacking. We find both one- and four-factor models are consistent with one scale and develop a revision that clarifies this structure without sacrificing validity. This revised numeracy scale is easier to administer and score, and therefore preferable in practical settings.
Influence of Perceived Benefits and Risks on Consumers' Perceived Value in Online Shopping
Authors: Patro Chandra Sekhar
Published: August 2019

Over the past years, the business-to-customer online shopping market has grown rapidly and changed the business pattern. In order to differentiate themselves from competition, marketers have adopted e-business to provide superior service that satisfies consumers and ultimately create consumers' perceived value. The benefits of e-shopping also come with potential risks that the consumers must be aware of. One of the biggest challenges of e-stores is attracting enough online customers to be profitable and survive. That is why a shift in buying behaviour and attitude of consumers toward e-shopping is a key to success of e-stores. The present study focuses on identifying the key factors influencing consumers' perceived benefits and risks while shopping online. Further, the study presents the impact of perceived benefits and perceived risk on perceived value of e-shoppers. The results of the study will be useful to the e-marketing organizations to understand the consumers' behaviour particularly, in the Indian context and design strategies to provide higher customer value.
The Technological Diffusion as a Dimension of the Link Between Exports, Imports, and Growth in Tunisia
Authors: Khalifa Amene
Published: August 2019

This paper is an exploration of the technological dimension that shapes the link between intermediate and capital goods imports (IKGM), manufactured exports (MX), and growth in the case of Tunisia. Within a time series analysis (1970-2016), the author focuses on the extent to which these two components of trade are differentiated and therefore incorporating increasing technological content. By using three-digit SITC-level data of IKGM and of MX, it is shown that weighing simple measures of exports and of imports with a measure of their differentiation reveals that exports are sufficiently differentiated to ensure technological spillovers, on one hand, and the payment of IKGM, on the other hand. The extensive and intensive margins of trade are also explored from the sides of exports and imports. They are put in evidence given the positive impact on growth of IKGM and MX measured in accordance to their differentiated configuration.
An Empirical Study on Factors Affecting Switching Intention to Cloud Enterprise Resource Planning
Authors: Chang Yu-Wei , Hsu Ping-Yu , Shiau Wen-Lung , Hsu Ming-Chia
Published: August 2019

With the diffusion of cloud computing, public and private enterprise resource planning (ERP) have received increasing attention. However, several prior studies have investigated the factors that affect cloud system adoption for either public or private cloud systems. This article attempts to compare public and private cloud ERP. A research model is developed based on Two-Factor Theory and empirically test our hypotheses by collecting 253 public cloud samples and 227 private cloud samples. The results show that system quality and perceived ease of use positively affect switching benefits, which in turn positively affect switching intention. Security risk, satisfaction, and breadth of use positively affect switching costs. The moderating effects of public and private clouds affect the relationships between perceived ease of use and switching benefits, between breadth of use and switching costs, and between switching costs and switching intention. The findings offer suggestions for promoting organizations to switch to cloud public and private ERP.
The Moderator of Innovation Culture and the Mediator of Realized Absorptive Capacity in Enhancing Organizations' Absorptive Capacity for SPI Success
Authors: Lee Jung-Chieh , Chen Chung-Yang
Published: August 2019

Software process improvement (SPI) is critical to information system development. In the context of successful SPI, this research focuses on a firm's dynamic learning ability to see how it facilitates an effective means of acquiring and utilizing external SPI knowledge in responding to changing software development environments. Specifically, the authors propose a research model to investigate how two mechanisms of absorptive capacity are incorporated with innovation culture as a contextual factor to enable successful software process improvement. A survey was conducted including 125 SPI certified firms in China and Taiwan to examine the model. The findings indicate that a firm's potential absorptive capacity significantly influences realized absorptive capacity, which has a significant impact on SPI success and acts as a partial mediator between potential absorptive capacity and SPI success. Moreover, the results suggest that the mediating effect of potential absorptive capacity on SPI success via realized absorptive capacity is amplified when innovation culture is imposed.