bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INVESTIGATION OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF LEADER-FOLLOWER FORMATION CONTROL TO BIPEDAL LOCOMOTION
Authors: Djamari Djati Wibowo , Nurprasetio Ignatius Pulung , Endrasari Fitri , Mulia Vania Katherine
Published: February 2023

Robot that uses bipedal locomotion such as humanoid robot has a unique appeal in which the robot can perform many duties/works that cannot be done by wheeled robots due to spatial and environmental constraints. Related literature were about biped robots and robot arm that uses the concept of central pattern generator (CPG). Biped robots that use CPG (technically a neural oscillators) do not need any mathematical model of the robot itself. The controller “exploits” the dynamics of the robot to achieve an efficient way to drive the robot’s joints. The driving frequency from this type of controller is thus heavily influenced by the dynamics of the robot it controls. One disadvantage of this method is that we cannot adjust the walking/movement parameter easily. Inspired by the idea of central pattern generator where one central “brain” controls the movement of the joints of the robot and the fact that the system uses neural oscillators reach some kind of “consensus”, we are interested to study the feasibility of the implementation of leader – follower formation control based on consensus algorithm to bipedal locomotion system. The method studied in this report is to force the dynamic model of the double pendulum to match the kinematic model of the double integrator agent that uses consensus algorithm in forming formation. The walking/movement parameters of the robot using the proposed method are defined by one central “brain”, and then the joints are working in consensus way to achieve the target joints’ trajectories specified by the “brain”. The study also concludes the notion of stability of the system driven by this controller which strongly related to the consensus ability in the context of Multi – Agent System.
Analisa Literatur Mengenai Kajian Tentang Masalah Baitulmal Dalam Pengurusan Harta Pusaka Tak Alih Di Negeri Johor (Literature Analysis on The Study on Baitulmal Problems In The Management of Immovable Estates in The State of Johor)
Authors: Musliman Abdul Rahman , Zakaria Zamzuri
Published: February 2023

The results of the audit assessment in 2017 found that there were problems in the management of immovable property in the State of Johor. As a result of the audit assessment, a review of the literature analysis will be conducted to see the extent of past studies that have discussed the management of immovable estates on baitulmal in the state of Johor. This article aims to examine past studies that touched on problems and solutions for the management of immovable inheritance under the Baitulmal institution of the State of Johor. The study used a qualitative method in the form of content analysis. Analysis of such content is done descriptively. The findings found that there were eleven studies on immovable property in the Johor State Islamic Religious Council. Seven studies on immovable property in the waqf section. Meanwhile, two studies on immovable property in the zakat section. As for the study of immovable property in the treasury division there was only one by Nur Diyana Md Sidek in 2010. The study identified problems such as staff shortages, problems with the community's understanding of the baitulmal's rights to the estate, land surface problems, problems with the attitude of heirs and problems in arrears of inheritance payments. The study also identified several proposed solutions that have been submitted, namely appointing new staff, intensifying information sessions, taking legal action against troubled heirs and formulating development strategically towards immovable assets under the treasury. However, this study has been needed for a comprehensive new study to identify the latest problems that occurred in the Baitulmal institutions of Johor after receiving reprimands from authorities and factors, as well as finding solutions that can be proposed to the management.
Augmentations and immersed Lagrangian fillings
Authors: Pan Yu , Rutherford Dan
Published: February 2023

For a Legendrian link with or , immersed exact Lagrangian fillings of can be lifted to conical Legendrian fillings of . When is embedded, using the version of functoriality for Legendrian contact homology (LCH) from Pan and Rutherford [J. Symplectic Geom. 19 (2021), no. 3, 635–722], for each augmentation of the LCH algebra of , there is an induced augmentation . With fixed, the set of homotopy classes of all such induced augmentations, , is a Legendrian isotopy invariant of . We establish methods to compute based on the correspondence between MCFs and augmentations. This includes developing a functoriality for the cellular differential graded algebra from Rutherford and Sullivan [Adv. Math. 374 (2020), 107348, 71 pp.] with respect to Legendrian cobordisms, and proving its equivalence to the functoriality for LCH. For arbitrary , we give examples of Legendrian torus knots with distinct conical Legendrian fillings distinguished by their induced augmentation sets. We prove that when and , every ‐graded augmentation of can be induced in this manner by an immersed Lagrangian filling. Alternatively, this is viewed as a computation of cobordism classes for an appropriate notion of ‐graded augmented Legendrian cobordism.
A new and some interesting species of ptyctimous mites (Acari, Oribatida) from different countries of the all worldly zoogeographical regions
Authors: Niedbała Wojciech , Bąkowski Marek , Kaczmarek Sławomir , Starý Joseph , Witaliński Wojciech , Skoracki Maciej
Published: February 2023

In the paper, we presented ptyctimous mites collected from Nearctic (Canada, USA), Neotropical (Dominicana), Palaearctic (Scotland, Italy, Russia, Nepal, Egypt), Afrotropical (Ethiopia, Gabon, Congo, Mozambique, Madagascar, Réunion), South Africa, Oriental (Maldives, Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia, China) and Australasian (Papua New Guinea, Australia, New Zealand) regions. Information of Mesoplophora (Parplophora) flavida Niedbała, 1985 and M. (P.) polita Niedbała, 1985 phoretic on different insects (Coleoptera: Passalidae) are presented. A new species Atropacarus (Hoplophorella) additus Niedbała sp. nov., is described from Madagascar. Supplementary descriptions and some remarks of ten species from six genera are given (including two paratypes of previously synonymous species). Information on the distribution and location of 85 species of 18 genera is also presented. Fifty-three species were found for the first time in the zoogeographical region or given country.
Contribution to the knowledge of Rotundabaloghia mites: new species and new records (Acari: Mesostigmata: Rotundabaloghiidae) from the Oriental and Australasian regions
Authors: Kontschán Jenő , Ermilov Sergey G.
Published: February 2023

N/A
A taxonomic study on the zerconid mites (Acari: Zerconidae) in northwestern Iran: descriptions of three new species with three new records
Authors: Mohammad-Doustaresharaf Mojtaba , Karaca Mehmet , Bagheri Mohammad , Urhan Raşit
Published: February 2023

Zerconid mites collected from East and West Azerbaijan provinces of Iran were evaluated from 2013–2017. Eleven Zercon and one Prozercon species were found based on the collected materials. Among them, Zercon ahadiyati sp. nov., Z. azerbaijanensis sp. nov. and Z. tabrizensis sp. nov. were distinguished as new species and described. Besides them, three species, including Z. agnostus, Z. andrei and Z. apladellus were recorded for the first time from the country. Also, an updated key and distribution map to the Iranian Zercon mites, including the new species, were given.
Evaluation of quality of thick photoresist film by acoustic resonant imaging technique
Authors: Kim Hyelin , Tohmyoh Hironori
Published: February 2023

In this paper, the effects of coating conditions on the thickness and quality, especially the hardness and density, of a photoresist film are reported. The photoresist film was deposited on a Si wafer by a spin coater under various conditions, including baking temperature, rotation speed, and the number of coats. The thickness of the film was measured by a surface profilometer. The sound velocity, which is closely related to hardness, and the density of the film were obtained by acoustic resonant imaging technique. The thickness and sound velocity of the film increased with increasing the number of coats and decreased with increasing the baking temperature and the rotation speed. Furthermore, the density of the film reached its maximum value for each condition. From multiple regression analysis, it was found that, among the three parameters of coating conditions, the rotation speed affects the quality of the film the most. It was shown that a dense photoresist film is obtained by deciding the baking temperature and number of coats in advance, then choosing a suitable rotation speed.
Dynamics and regulation of mitotic chromatin accessibility bookmarking at single-cell resolution
Authors: Yu Qiaoni , Liu Xu , Fang Jingwen , Wu Huihui , Guo Chuang , Zhang Wen , Liu Nianping , Jiang Chen , Sha Qing , Yuan Xiao , Wang Zhikai , Qu Kun
Published: February 2023

Although mitotic chromosomes are highly compacted and transcriptionally inert, some active chromatin features are retained during mitosis to ensure the proper postmitotic reestablishment of maternal transcriptional programs, a phenomenon termed “mitotic bookmarking.” However, the dynamics and regulation of mitotic bookmarking have not been systemically surveyed. Using single-cell transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing (scATAC-seq), we examined 6538 mitotic L02 human liver cells of variable stages and found that chromatin accessibility remained changing throughout cell division, with a constant decrease until metaphase and a gradual increase as chromosomes segregated. In particular, a subset of chromatin regions were identified to remain open throughout mitosis, and genes associated with these bookmarked regions are primarily linked to rapid reactivation upon mitotic exit. We also demonstrated that nuclear transcription factor Y subunit α (NF-YA) preferentially occupied bookmarked regions and contributed to transcriptional reactivation after mitosis. Our study uncovers the dynamic and regulatory blueprint of mitotic bookmarking.
Functional Characterization of the Co2+Transporter AitP in Sinorhizobium meliloti: A New Player in Fe2+Homeostasis
Authors: Mihelj Paula , Abreu Isidro , Moreyra Tomás , González-Guerrero Manuel , Raimunda Daniel
Published: February 2023

Cross-talk between iron and cobalt has been long recognized in biological systems. This is due to the capacity of cobalt to interfere with proper iron utilization.
Microbial Reduction of Antimony(V)-Bearing Ferrihydrite by Geobacter sulfurreducens
Authors: Xie Jinxin , Coker Victoria S. , O'Driscoll Brian , Cai Rongsheng , Haigh Sarah J. , Lloyd Jonathan R.
Published: February 2023

Antimony is an emerging contaminant that shares chemical characteristics with arsenic. Metal-reducing bacteria (such as
Geobacter sulfurreducens
) can cause the mobilization of arsenic from Fe(III) minerals under anaerobic conditions, causing widespread contamination of aquifers worldwide.
Erp and Rev Adhesins of the Lyme Disease Spirochete’s Ubiquitous cp32 Prophages Assist the Bacterium during Vertebrate Infection
Authors: Stevenson Brian , Brissette Catherine A.
Published: February 2023

Almost all spirochetes in the genus
Borrelia
(
sensu lato
) naturally contain multiple variants of closely related prophages. In the Lyme disease borreliae, these prophages are maintained as circular episomes that are called
c
ircular
p
lasmid
32 
kb (cp32s).
Impact of Rapid Molecular Multiplex Gastrointestinal Pathogen Testing in Management of Children during a
Shigella
Outbreak
Authors: Kanwar N. , Jackson J. , Bardsley T. , Pavia A. , Bourzac K. M. , Holmberg K. , Selvarangan R.
Published: February 2023

Fecal culture for isolation and identification of
Shigella
may take days. The BioFire FilmArray Gastrointestinal (GI) panel (bioMérieux, France) is a PCR-based assay that detects enteric pathogens including
Shigella
/enteroinvasive
Escherichia coli
(EIEC) in about an hour.
Emergence of Small Colony Variants Is an Adaptive Strategy Used by Pseudomonas aeruginosa to Mitigate the Effects of Redox Imbalance
Authors: Besse Alison , Groleau Marie-Christine , Déziel Eric
Published: February 2023

The bacterium
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
is an opportunistic pathogen that thrives in many environments. It poses a significant health concern, notably because it is a causative agent of nosocomial infections and the most prevalent pathogen found in the lungs of people with cystic fibrosis.
Use of an Integrated Multi-Omics Approach To Identify Molecular Mechanisms and Critical Factors Involved in the Pathogenesis of
Leptospira
Authors: Kavela Sridhar , Vyas Pallavi , CP Jusail , Kushwaha Sandeep K. , Majumdar Subeer S. , Faisal Syed M.
Published: February 2023

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease of global importance. It is caused by a Gram-negative bacterial spirochete of the genus
Leptospira
.
The Prevalence of Plasmid-Mediated Colistin Resistance Gene
mcr-1
and Different Transferability and Fitness of
mcr-1
-Bearing IncX4 Plasmids in Escherichia coli from Pigeons
Authors: Lu Xiaoyu , Zhang Wenhui , Mohsin Mashkoor , Wang Mianzhi , Li Jingui , Wang Zhiqiang , Li Ruichao
Published: February 2023

The emergence of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance gene
mcr-1
incurs great concerns. Since the close proximity of pigeons with humans, it is significant to understand the prevalence and molecular characterization of
mcr-1
-positive isolates in pigeons, to provide a rationale for controlling its spread.
Characterization of Boxwood Shoot Bacterial Communities and Potential Impact from Fungicide Treatments
Authors: Li Xiaoping , Tseng Hsien Tzer , Hemmings Ginger , Omolehin Olanike , Taylor Chad , Taylor Amanda , Kong Ping , Daughtrey Margery , Gouker Fred , Hong Chuanxue
Published: February 2023

Agrochemicals are important tools for safeguarding plants from invasive pathogens, insects, mites, and weeds. How they may affect the plant microbiome, a critical component of crop health and production, was poorly understood.
Molecular Characterization and Clinical Relevance of Taxonomic Reassignment of Staphylococcus schleiferi Subspecies into Two Separate Species, Staphylococcus schleiferi and Staphylococcus
coagulans
Authors: Naing Soe Yu , Duim Birgitta , Broens Els M. , Schweitzer Valentijn , Zomer Aldert , van der Graaf-van Bloois Linda , van der Meer Coby , Stellingwerff Luutsen , Fluit Ad C. , Wagenaar Jaap A.
Published: February 2023

This study clearly shows that
S. schleiferi
is a concern in human hospital settings, whereas
S. coagulans
predominantly causes infections in animals.
S. coagulans
is more resistant to antibiotics and can sometimes transmit to humans via exposure to infected dogs. Even though genome-based methods can clearly differentiate the two species, current diagnostic methods used routinely in clinical microbiology laboratories cannot distinguish the two bacterial species.
Supplemental Material: New insights into the age and origin of two small Cretaceous seamount chains proximal to the Northwestern Hawaiian Ridge
Authors: Sotomayor A. , Balbas A. , al. et
Published: February 2023

Includes raw data for 40Ar/39Ar age determinations and metadata related to sample collection.  
Benefit of burosumab in adults with X-linked hypophosphataemia (XLH) is maintained with long-term treatment
Authors: Kamenicky Peter , Briot Karine , Brandi Maria Luisa , Cohen-Solal Martine , Crowley Rachel K , Keen Richard , Kolta Sami , Lachmann Robin H , Lecoq Anne-Lise , Ralston Stuart H , Walsh Jennifer S , Rylands Angela J , Williams Angela , Sun Wei , Nixon Annabel , Nixon Mark , Javaid Muhammad K
Published: February 2023

Objectives

To report the impact of continued burosumab treatment on clinical laboratory tests of efficacy, patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and ambulatory function in adults with X-linked hypophosphataemia who continued from a 96-week phase 3 study into a 48-week open-label extension.

Methods

Eligible participants from the phase 3 study continued on the burosumab regimen received at the end of the phase 3 study for a further 48 weeks (n=31). Some (not all) received compassionate burosumab treatment between the two studies (a period of 6–18 months). The primary efficacy outcome was fasting serum phosphate concentration; secondary outcomes were serum 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D concentration, renal phosphate reabsorption, PROs and ambulatory function.

Results

Improvements in fasting serum phosphate, serum 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D and renal phosphate reabsorption at 96 weeks were maintained through the 48-week extension. Improvements were also maintained in stiffness and physical function measured using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, pain and fatigue endpoints measuring using the Brief Pain Inventory short-form and Brief Pain Inventory, respectively, and in ambulatory function (6-Minute Walk Test).

A post-hoc exploratory analysis exploring outcomes in participants who discontinued burosumab treatment between the studies (n=7) and those who received at least one dose (n=23) indicated that the benefits of burosumab on clinical laboratory tests of efficacy, PROs and ambulatory function may be lost when treatment is interrupted but recover over time when treatment is reinstated.

Conclusion

Continued treatment with burosumab appears necessary for sustained clinical benefit.

Trial registration numbers

Phase 3:NCT02526160; open-label extension:NCT03920072.
Border-fence falls versus domestic falls at a South Texas trauma center
Authors: Darwish Muhammad , McGraw Constance , Foote Christopher W , Chen Chaoyang , Sohini Vidhur , Bar-Or David , Palacio Carlos H
Published: February 2023

Objectives

Falling from height may lead to significant injuries and time hospitalized; however, there are few studies comparing the specific mechanism of fall. The purpose of this study was to compare injuries from falls after attempting to cross the USA-Mexico border fence (intentional) with injuries from domestic falls (unintentional) of comparable height.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study included all patients admitted after a fall from a height of 15–30 ft to a level II trauma center between April 2014 and November 2019. Patient characteristics were compared by falls from the border fence with those who fell domestically. Fisher’s exact test, χ2test and Wilcoxon Mann-Whitney U test were used as appropriate. A significance level of α<0.05 was used.

Results

Of the 124 patients included, 64 (52%) were falls from the border fence while 60 (48%) were domestic falls. Patients sustaining injuries from border falls were on average younger than patients who had domestic falls (32.6 (10) vs 40.0 (16), p=0.002), more likely males (58% vs 41%, p<0.001), fell from a significantly higher distance (20 (20–25) vs 16.5 (15–25), p<0.001), and had a significantly lower median injury severity score (ISS) (5 (4–10) vs 9 (5–16.5), p=0.001). Additionally, compared with domestic falls, border falls had fewer injuries to the head (3% vs 25%, p=0.004) and chest (5% vs 27%, p=0.007), yet more extremity injuries (73% vs 42%, p=0.003), and less had an intensive care unit (ICU) stay (30% vs 63%, p=0.002). No significant differences in mortality were found.

Conclusion

Patients sustaining injuries from border crossing falls were slightly younger, and although fell from higher, had a lower ISS, more extremity injuries, and fewer were admitted to the ICU compared with patients sustaining falls domestically. There was no difference in mortality between groups.

Level of evidence

Level III, retrospective study.
Prehibernation swarming in temperate bats: a critical transition between summer activity and hibernation
Authors: Fraser Erin E. , McGuire Liam P.
Published: February 2023

In this contribution to Dr. Brock Fenton's Festschrift, we briefly reflect on Dr. Fenton's seminal works examining bat swarming behaviour in Ontario and use these reflections as a launch pad to conduct a global review on autumn swarming in bats, and underlying hypotheses to explain this behaviour. Our review frames the swarming period as a time of critical transitions, during which bats must balance multiple life history trade-offs, and we consider how various intrinsic and extrinsic factors may contribute to inter- and intraspecific differences in autumn behaviour. We discuss the transition away from summer residency, including maternity colony breakup, day roosting, and migration during autumn. We review key life history elements of swarming, including mating behaviours and associated reproductive condition, genetic exchange during swarming, and variation among sexes, ages, and species. Finally, we discuss the behaviours and physiological states of bats transitioning from the swarming period to hibernation. Throughout, we identify common patterns and also exceptions. Over 50 years of research has yielded many insights into autumn swarming, but knowledge gaps remain. Future research focus on a greater diversity of species will reveal general principles underlying the transition from summer active season, through the swarming period, and into winter hibernation.
Newton versus Coulomb for Kaluza–Klein modes
Authors: Benakli Karim , Branchina Carlo , Lafforgue-Marmet Gaëtan
Published: February 2023

We consider a set of elementary compactifications of $$D+1$$

D
+
1

to D spacetime dimensions on a circle: first for pure general relativity, then in the presence of a scalar field, first free then with a non minimal coupling to the Ricci scalar, and finally in the presence of gauge bosons. We compute the tree-level amplitudes in order to compare some gravitational and non-gravitational amplitudes. This allows us to recover the known constraints of the U(1), dilatonic and scalar weak gravity conjectures in some cases, and to show the interplay of the different interactions. We study the KK modes pair-production in different dimensions. We also discuss the contribution to some of these amplitudes of the non-minimal coupling in higher dimensions for scalar fields to the Ricci scalar.
Tungsten suboxide (WO3−x) petal-like nanosheets created by laser ablation method
Authors: Shinde Vinayak B. , Maeda Yasuyuki , Katayama Tetsuro , Furube Akihiro , Yano Takaaki , Koinkar Pankaj
Published: February 2023

As a promising candidate in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenide (2D TMD), tungsten suboxide (WO[Formula: see text]) nanostructures are synthesized using pulsed laser ablation in liquid. The WO[Formula: see text] petal-like nanosheets were obtained by irradiating bulk WS2 in ethanol and distilled water using nanosecond (ns) laser ablation with the help of the second harmonic Nd:YAG laser. The synthesized WO[Formula: see text] petal-like nanosheets with uniform length up to 20 nm as per surface morphology were observed using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The further characterization of the synthesized material was performed using UV-spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. EDS spectrum clearly suggests the formation of WO[Formula: see text]. This research on the findings of WO[Formula: see text] forecasts for the possible use of transition metal oxides-based nanostructures for numerous applications in optoelectronics and energy technologies.
The first-principle study on certain structural, band-structural, elastic, optical and piezoelectric properties of the Ca, Zr and Ca/Zr-doped BaTiO3
Authors: Pu Yuanmao , Qiu Zhibin , Lv Bing , Fang Chuanli , Lou Yaya , Wang Wenzhong , Dai Qingping
Published: February 2023

Based on the framework of density functional theory (DFT), the structure, elastic, optical, Debye temperature and piezoelectric properties of tetragonal [Formula: see text] (BT) individually doped with calcium (Ca) at barium (Ba) and zirconium (Zr) at titanium (Ti) site have been investigated by a first-principles technique. These properties of Ca and Zr (Ca/Zr) co-doped BT (BCZT) also have been investigated by the same calculation method. The effects of exchange and correlation functional on these properties are also investigated. The structural studies have demonstrated that the Ca-doped BT (BCT) exhibits the reduced volume due to radius of Ca smaller than that of Ba, while Zr-doped BT (BZT) presents the enlarged volume due to radius of Zr being larger than that of Ti. The as-calculated lattice parameters have verified the consistency of well-designed crystal structure with the experimental results. The investigations of the band structure demonstrated that the doping of Ca, Zr and Ca/Zr enlarges the band gap ([Formula: see text]) of BT in sequence. Furthermore, the [Formula: see text] values obtained via HSE06 matched well with experimental values, while those obtained by generalized gradient approximation (GGA) and local density approximation (LDA) are significantly lower. The studies of optical, Debye temperature and elastic properties show that the BCZT displays a decreased refractive index, reduced thermal conductivity and an enhanced anisotropy index. Most importantly, after the co-doping of Ca and Zr, the piezoelectric strain tensor [Formula: see text] of BCZT increases by [Formula: see text]% compared to that of BT. This work provides a theoretical guidance for improving the piezoelectric performance of BT via the doping strategy.
COMPUTATIONAL PERFORMANCES OF MORLET WAVELET NEURAL NETWORK FOR SOLVING A NONLINEAR DYNAMIC BASED ON THE MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE AFFECTION OF LAYLA AND MAJNUN
Authors: SABIR ZULQURNAIN , BALEANU DUMITRU , RAJA MUHAMMAD ASIF ZAHOOR , ALSHOMRANI ALI S. , HINCAL EVREN
Published: February 2023

The aim of this study is to design a novel stochastic solver through the Morlet wavelet neural networks (MWNNs) for solving the mathematical Layla and Majnun (LM) system. The numerical representations of the mathematical LM system have been presented by using the MWNNs along with the optimization is performed through the hybridization of the global and local search schemes. The local active-set (AS) and global genetic algorithm (GA) operators have been used to optimize an error-based merit function using the differential LM model and its initial conditions. The correctness of the MWNNs using the local and global operators is observed through the comparison of the obtained solutions and the Adams scheme, which is used as a reference solution. For the stability of the MWNNs using the global and local operators, the statistical performances with different operators have been provided using the multiple executions to solve the nonlinear LM system.
WATSON WAVELET TRANSFORM: CONVOLUTION PRODUCT AND TWO-WAVELET MULTIPLIERS
Authors: UPADHYAY SANTOSH KUMAR , SHUKLA PRAGYA
Published: February 2023

In this paper, utilizing the theory of Watson transform and Watson convolution, we explore the Watson wavelet convolution product and its related properties. The relation between the Watson Wavelet convolution product and Watson convolution is also computed. Watson wavelet transform and its inversion formula are analyzed heuristically. Watson two-wavelet multipliers and its trace class are derived from Watson wavelet convolution product
FRACTAL ALGEBRA A MATHEMATICAL ALLEGORY
Authors: O’NEILL JOSEPH , SCHOTH ANDREAS
Published: February 2023

An abstract fractal algebra is developed with structures analogous to conventional linear algebra. Focus is on group properties and symmetries forming an abstract algebraic structure over the body of real numbers. The new algebra is worked out on a sample fractal geometry. Correspondences between fractal and linear algebra are explained with numerical examples, including fractal vectors and fractal versions of the vector sum, projections, scalar product, cross product, matrix, and matrix product. We allude to possible applications of fractal vectors in physics. This fractal algebra may open novel possibilities for analysis of fractal systems.
Nondestructive 3D Pathology with Light-Sheet Fluorescence Microscopy for Translational Research and Clinical Assays
Authors: Liu Jonathan T.C. , Glaser Adam K. , Poudel Chetan , Vaughan Joshua C.
Published: February 2023

In recent years, there has been a revived appreciation for the importance of spatial context and morphological phenotypes for both understanding disease progression and guiding treatment decisions. Compared with conventional 2D histopathology, which is the current gold standard of medical diagnostics, nondestructive 3D pathology offers researchers and clinicians the ability to visualize orders of magnitude more tissue within their natural volumetric context. This has been enabled by rapid advances in tissue-preparation methods, high-throughput 3D microscopy instrumentation, and computational tools for processing these massive feature-rich data sets. Here, we provide a brief overview of many of these technical advances along with remaining challenges to be overcome. We also speculate on the future of 3D pathology as applied in translational investigations, preclinical drug development, and clinical decision-support assays.
Culturally Responsive Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Ethnically Diverse Populations
Authors: Huey Stanley J. , Park Alayna L. , Galán Chardée A. , Wang Crystal X.
Published: February 2023

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is often referred to as the “gold standard” treatment for mental health problems, given the large body of evidence supporting its efficacy. However, there are persistent questions about the generalizability of CBTs to culturally diverse populations and whether culturally sensitive approaches are warranted. In this review, we synthesize the literature on CBT for ethnic minorities, with an emphasis on randomized trials that address cultural sensitivity within the context of CBT. In general, we find that CBT is effective for ethnic minorities with diverse mental health problems, although nonsignificant trends suggest that CBT effects may be somewhat weaker for ethnic minorities compared to Whites. We find mixed support for the cultural adaptation of CBTs, but evidence for cultural sensitivity training of CBT clinicians is lacking, given a dearth of relevant trials. Based on the limited evidence thus far, we summarize three broad models for addressing cultural issues when providing CBT to diverse populations.
Swing Pricing: Theory and Evidence
Authors: Capponi Agostino , Glasserman Paul , Weber Marko
Published: February 2023

Open-end mutual funds offer investors same-day liquidity while holding assets that in some cases take several days to sell. This liquidity transformation creates a potentially destabilizing first-mover advantage: When asset prices fall, investors who exit a fund earlier may pass the liquidation costs generated by their share redemptions to investors who remain in the fund. This incentive becomes particularly acute in periods of market stress, and it can amplify fire-sale spillover losses to other market participants. Swing pricing is a liquidity management tool that targets this first-mover advantage. It allows a fund to adjust or “swing” its net asset value in response to large flows out of or into a mutual fund. This article discusses the industry and regulatory context for swing pricing, and it reviews theory and empirical evidence on the design and effectiveness of swing pricing. The article concludes with directions for further research.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Pathogenesis: Interferon and Beyond
Authors: Caielli Simone , Wan Zurong , Pascual Virginia
Published: February 2023

Autoreactive B cells and interferons are central players in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) pathogenesis. The partial success of drugs targeting these pathways, however, supports heterogeneity in upstream mechanisms contributing to disease pathogenesis. In this review, we focus on recent insights from genetic and immune monitoring studies of patients that are refining our understanding of these basic mechanisms. Among them, novel mutations in genes affecting intrinsic B cell activation or clearance of interferogenic nucleic acids have been described. Mitochondria have emerged as relevant inducers and/or amplifiers of SLE pathogenesis through a variety of mechanisms that include disruption of organelle integrity or compartmentalization, defective metabolism, and failure of quality control measures. These result in extra- or intracellular release of interferogenic nucleic acids as well as in innate and/or adaptive immune cell activation. A variety of classic and novel SLE autoantibody specificities have been found to recapitulate genetic alterations associated with monogenic lupus or to trigger interferogenic amplification loops. Finally, atypical B cells and novel extrafollicular T helper cell subsets have been proposed to contribute to the generation of SLE autoantibodies. Overall, these novel insights provide opportunities to deepen the immunophenotypic surveillance of patients and open the door to patient stratification and personalized, rational approaches to therapy.
Spinal Interneurons: Diversity and Connectivity in Motor Control
Authors: Sengupta Mohini , Bagnall Martha W.
Published: February 2023

The spinal cord is home to the intrinsic networks for locomotion. An animal in which the spinal cord has been fully severed from the brain can still produce rhythmic, patterned locomotor movements as long as some excitatory drive is provided, such as physical, pharmacological, or electrical stimuli. Yet it remains a challenge to define the underlying circuitry that produces these movements because the spinal cord contains a wide variety of neuron classes whose patterns of interconnectivity are still poorly understood. Computational models of locomotion accordingly rely on untested assumptions about spinal neuron network element identity and connectivity. In this review, we consider the classes of spinal neurons, their interconnectivity, and the significance of their circuit connections along the long axis of the spinal cord. We suggest several lines of analysis to move toward a definitive understanding of the spinal network.
Astrocyte Endfeet in Brain Function and Pathology: Open Questions
Authors: Díaz-Castro Blanca , Robel Stefanie , Mishra Anusha
Published: February 2023

Astrocyte endfeet enwrap the entire vascular tree within the central nervous system, where they perform important functions in regulating the blood-brain barrier (BBB), cerebral blood flow, nutrient uptake, and waste clearance. Accordingly, astrocyte endfeet contain specialized organelles and proteins, including local protein translation machinery and highly organized scaffold proteins, which anchor channels, transporters, receptors, and enzymes critical for astrocyte-vascular interactions. Many neurological diseases are characterized by the loss of polarization of specific endfoot proteins, vascular dysregulation, BBB disruption, altered waste clearance, or, in extreme cases, loss of endfoot coverage. A role for astrocyte endfeet has been demonstrated or postulated in many of these conditions. This review provides an overview of the development, composition, function, and pathological changes of astrocyte endfeet and highlights the gaps in our knowledge that future research should address.
CNFRD: A Few‐Shot Rumor Detection Framework via Capsule Network for COVID‐19
Authors: Chen Danroujing , Chen Xiaoliang , Lu Peng , Wang Xuyang , Lan Xiang
Published: February 2023

In recent years, COVID‐19 has become the hottest topic. Various issues, such as epidemic transmission routes and preventive measures, have “occupied” several online social media platforms. Many rumors about COVID‐19 have also arisen, causing public anxiety and seriously affecting normal social order. Identifying a rumor at its very inception is crucial to reducing the potential harm of its evolution to society as a whole. However, epidemic rumors provide limited signal features in the early stage. In order to identify rumors with data sparsity, we propose a few‐shot learning rumor detection model based on capsule networks (CNFRD), utilizing the metric learning framework and the capsule network to detect the rumors posted during unexpected epidemic events. Specifically, we constructively use the capsule network neural layer to summarize the historical rumor data and obtain the generalized class representation based on the historical rumor data samples. Besides, we calculate the distance between the epidemic rumor sample and the historical rumor class‐wise representation according to the metric module. Finally, epidemic rumors are discriminated against according to the nearest neighbor principle. The experimental results prove that the proposed method can achieve higher accuracy with fewer epidemic rumor samples. This approach provided 88.92% accuracy on the Chinese rumor dataset and 87.07% accuracy on the English rumor dataset, which improved by 7% to 23% over existing approaches. Therefore, the CNFRD model can identify epidemic rumors in COVID‐19 as early as possible and effectively improve the performance of rumor detection.
The Effect of Work Engagement and Perceived Organizational Support on Turnover Intention among Nurses: A Meta-Analysis Based on the Price–Mueller Model
Authors: Zhu Li-Li , Wang Hui-Juan , Xu Ya-Fei , Ma Shu-Ting , Luo Yan-Yan
Published: February 2023

Aim. To elaborate on the relationship between work engagement, perceived organizational support, and the turnover intention of nurses by analysing some potential moderators. Background. Nurses’ turnover intention is negatively impacted by their level of work engagement and perceptions of organizational support. However, it is challenging to reach a consistent conclusion. Methods. Data were acquired from six electronic databases. Each study was evaluated using the quality assessment tool for cross-sectional studies of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ). STATA 15.0 was used to analyse the data, and a random effects model was used. The groups that included two or more studies were added to the moderator analysis. Results. A total of 40 study articles involving 23,451 participants were included. The turnover intention of nurses was inversely associated with work engagement (coefficient: −0.42) and perceived organizational support (coefficient: −0.32). A substantial moderating role was played by cultural background, economic status, working years, and investigation time (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. Work engagement and organizational support significantly reduced turnover intention among nurses. Considering the acute shortage of nurses worldwide, nurses with lower wages, fewer working years, and lower levels of work engagement should be given more attention and support from their organizations. Implications for Nursing Management. The meta-analysis suggested that managers should give their employees a more organizational support and promote their work engagement to motivate nurses’ retention intention and maintain a stable workforce with little employee turnover.
Aerodynamic Parameter Identification of Projectile Based on Improved Extreme Learning Machine and Ensemble Learning Theory
Authors: Wang Tianyi , Yi Wenjun , Xia Youran
Published: February 2023

The firing accuracy of the projectile has a positive relation with aerodynamic parameters. Due to the complex dynamic characteristics of projectiles, there is an overfitting risk when a single extreme learning machine (ELM) is used to identify the aerodynamic parameters of the projectile, and the identification results oscillate transonic region. To obtain the aerodynamic parameters of the projectile accurately, an aerodynamic parameter identification model based on ensemble learning theory and ELM optimized by improved particle swarm optimization is proposed. The improved particle swarm optimization algorithm (IPSO) with an adaptive update strategy is used to optimize the weight and threshold of ELM. Combined with the ensemble learning theory, the improved ELM neural network is regarded as a weak learner to generate a strong learner. The structural parameters of the strong learner were continuously optimized through training, and an aerodynamic parameter identification model of projectile based on ensemble learning theory is obtained. The simulation results show that the introduction of the IPSO and ensemble learning theory enables the model to exhibit excellent generalization ability. The proposed identification model can accurately describe the variation of aerodynamic parameters with the Mach number.
A Rare Observation of Brachymetacarpia and Brachymetatarsia in a Patient with Primary Idiopathic Hypoparathyroidism
Authors: Karunathilake Parackrama , Rajaratnam Arun , Kularatne W. K. S.
Published: February 2023

Brachymetacarpia and brachymetatarsia are unique clinical entities associated with numerous rare conditions. Primary hypoparathyroidism is distinct from pseudohypoparathyroidism and pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism by lacking skeletal changes such as short metacarpals or metatarsals. Here, we present a case of a 64-year-old patient with brachymetacarpia and brachymetatarsia presented with hypocalcemic symptoms and signs, bilateral cataracts, and basal ganglia calcifications, subsequently diagnosed with idiopathic primary hypoparathyroidism. This is a rare case describing such an infrequent observation of brachymetacarpia and brachymetatarsia in primary idiopathic hypoparathyroidism.
ePMLF: Efficient and Privacy‐Preserving Machine Learning Framework Based on Fog Computing
Authors: Zhao Ruoli , Xie Yong , Cheng Hong , Jia Xingxing , Shirazi Syed Hamad
Published: February 2023

With the continuous improvement of computation and communication capabilities, the Internet of Things (IoT) plays a vital role in many intelligent applications. Therefore, IoT devices generate a large amount of data every day, which lays a solid foundation for the success of machine learning. However, the strong privacy requirements of the IoT data make its machine learning very difficult. To protect data privacy, many privacy‐preserving machine learning schemes have been proposed. At present, most schemes only aim at specific models and lack general solutions, which is not an ideal solution in engineering practice. In order to meet this challenge, we propose an efficient and privacy‐preserving machine learning training framework (ePMLF) in a fog computing environment. The ePMLF framework can let the software service provider (SSP) perform privacy‐preserving model training with the data on the fog nodes. The security of the data on the fog nodes can be protected and the model parameters can only be obtained by SSP. The proposed secure data normalization method in the framework further improves the accuracy of the training model. Experimental analysis shows that our framework significantly reduces the computation and communication overhead compared with the existing scheme.
Insulin Resistance, but Not Obstructive Sleep Apnea Is Associated with Hepatic Steatosis in Chinese Patients with Severe Obesity
Authors: Zhu Chonggui , Tang Shaofang , Xiao Jinfeng , Zhang Yang , Sun Longhao , Zhang Jing , Ding Li , Liu Ming
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Severe obesity is often present with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Emerging researches suggest OSA plays an important role in NAFLD development and progression while the relationship between OSA and NAFLD is still conflicting. The interaction of OSA and NAFLD should be further evaluated as obesity surges. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of OSA and NAFLD in patients with obesity undergoing bariatric surgery and evaluate the association between OSA and severity of NAFLD. Methods: 141 patients with severe obesity undergoing preoperative polysomnography and intraoperative liver biopsy during bariatric surgery were investigated. Clinical, anthropometric variables, liver enzymes, fasting blood glucose, fasting serum insulin, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were measured. The severity of NAFLD was assessed by degree of steatosis, ballooning, intralobular inflammation, and NAFLD activity score. The diagnosis and severity assessment of OSA was based on an apnea/hypopnea index (AHI). Results: OSA was diagnosed in 127 (90.07%), NAFLD in 124 (87.94%), and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in 72 (51.06%) patients. There was a statistical difference in BMI, waist circumstance, neck circumstance, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting insulin, and HOMA-IR among the three groups divided by the severity of AHI. In addition, the distribution of hepatic steatosis grades among the three groups was statistically different (p = 0.025). AHI was significantly associated with HOMA-IR and hepatic steatosis when assessing the association between OSA parameters and liver histology in NAFLD (p < 0.05). Patients with steatosis of grades 1–3 had significantly elevated aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, gamma glutamyl transferase, triglycerides, fasting insulin, fasting glucose, HOMA-IR, and AHI compared with the patients with steatosis of grade 0. In a multivariable logistic analysis, the positive association between AHI and hepatic steatosis attenuated after adjusting for HOMA-IR. Conclusion: Prevalence of OSA and NAFLD was high in patients with obesity eligible for bariatric procedures. HOMA-IR, but not AHI, was an independent risk factor for hepatic steatosis in this population.
Two Very Rare Cases of Metastatic Thymic Carcinoma with Sjogren’s Syndrome: A Case Series
Authors: Smith Amy E. , Kane Alisa , Watts Francesca , Qiu Min , Chin Venessa
Published: February 2023

Thymic tumours are rare thoracic malignancies with thymic carcinoma accounting for approximately 12% of all thymic tumours compared to thymomas which account for approximately 86%. Unlike thymomas, it is very rare for thymic carcinomas to be associated with autoimmune disorders or paraneoplastic syndromes. When these phenomena do occur, the vast majority are myasthenia gravis, pure red cell aplasia, or systemic lupus erythematous. Paraneoplastic Sjogren’s syndrome is a rare complication of thymic carcinoma, with only two cases previously reported. Here we present 2 cases of patients with metastatic thymic carcinoma who developed autoimmune phenomena consistent with Sjogren’s syndrome without classical symptoms prior to treatment. One patient opted for surveillance of their malignancy, while the other underwent chemoimmunotherapy with favourable results. These case reports describe two distinctive clinical presentations of a rare paraneoplastic phenomenon.
Extremely Low Dose of Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agent May Be Associated with Increased Mortality in Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Yang Cheng-Wen , Lin Mei-Chen , Shu Kai-Hsiang , Tung Kuei-Tung , Tsai Wan-Chuan , Yang Ju-Yeh , Pai Mei-Fen , Wu Hon-Yen , Chiu Yen-Ling , Peng Yu-Sen , Hsu Shih-Ping , Wang Shi-Heng , Pan Szu-Yu
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Although high-dose erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA) has been shown to increase mortality risk and adverse cardiovascular events in hemodialysis patients, the safety of extremely low-dose ESA is unclear. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the association between ESA dose and mortality in the monthly dosing range of 0–43,000 U of equivalent epoetin alfa in 304 Taiwan hemodialysis patients by using Cox proportional hazard model and cubic spline model. Results: Compared with mean monthly ESA dose of 15,000–25,000 U (mean ± standard deviation 20,609 ± 2,662 U), monthly ESA dose of less than 15,000 U (mean ± standard deviation 7,413 ± 4,510 U) is associated with increased mortality. Monthly ESA dose of 25,001–43,000 U (mean ± standard deviation 31,160 ± 4,304 U) is not associated with higher mortality risk than monthly ESA dose of 15,000–25,000 U. The results were consistent in Cox proportional hazard models and cubic spline models. Subgroup analyses showed no significant heterogeneities among prespecified subgroups. Conclusions: Extremely low dose of ESA in hemodialysis patients may be associated with increased mortality risk. Future studies are warranted to prove this association.