bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An evaluation of Neuro-Physiological Psychotherapy: An integrative therapeutic approach to working with adopted children who have experienced early life trauma
Authors: McCullough Elaine , Gordon-Jones Susi , Last Anna , Vaughan Jay , Burnell Alan
Published: April 2016

Research into the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions for older children who have experienced multiple forms of trauma within the context of their early development is scant. This article explores the effectiveness of Neuro-Physiological Psychotherapy (NPP): a wrap-around multi-disciplinary, neuro-sequential, attachment-focussed intervention for children and families who present with multiple, clinically significant, emotional and behavioural difficulties. In total, 31 young people and their adoptive parents took part in the study. Baseline measures were repeated and parents and children interviewed. An assessment of the parent/child relationship and child attachment was undertaken but not analysed for this article. Analysis of the repeated measures received statistically significant changes in behavioural regulation, metacognitive executive functioning and externalising and internalising difficulties, alongside an improvement in thought and social problems. An analysis of the parent interviews provided positive results in terms of the children’s engagement in education, an absence of further mental health diagnosis or involvement in the criminal justice system. Further hypotheses are posited regarding the impact of the treatment and further research into the effectiveness of the model outlined.
Introduction: Background ideas in international relations
Authors: Kornprobst Markus , Senn Martin
Published: April 2016

Distinguishes five contending International Relations perspectives on background ideas Calls for more cross-fertilisation across perspectives to deal with conceptual challenges pertaining to backgrounds, agency, as well as change and persistence Summarises contributions to forum

The actors we study do not reflect upon their background ideas. They simply take them for granted. Precisely because of this taken-for-grantedness, these ideas are very powerful. They shape world politics in profound ways. The discipline of International Relations has neglected background ideas for a long time. In the last two decades, however, a heterogeneous cluster of research has developed that inquires into what constitutes background ideas, how backgrounds affect politics, and how they come to change. The purpose of this special forum is to take stock of the current state of research, to make authors embracing different perspectives on background ideas engage with one another’s arguments, and thus to improve our explanatory and normative understandings of backgrounds in world politics.
Folkestone perennial: the enduring work of art in the re-constitution of place
Authors: Whybrow Nicolas
Published: April 2016

Ostensibly contemporary art biennials seek to engage with the places that host them, yet frequently they are viewed critically as elitist ‘art world’ events that are disconnected from their localities. The aim of this article is to establish how public art works in a given context, both as part of a format prescribed by the art event and in its potential to intersect with the intricate, contingent and varied constellation of the urban location in question. It addresses this central tension by examining the case of Folkestone, a town on the south Kent coast in the United Kingdom that once enjoyed a thriving identity as both seaside resort and gateway to Europe. From the 1960s onwards, a gradual decline set in with the advent of mass global travel, culminating in the deathblow that was dealt by the nearby Eurotunnel’s inauguration towards century’s end, which signalled the end of the town’s ferry link to the continental mainland. A concerted attempt has been underway for a decade now to revitalise the town using the arts, creative industries and education as the drivers of regeneration. One of the main initiatives in this endeavour was the introduction in 2008 of the Folkestone Triennial, a 3-month summer event in which high-profile international artists were commissioned to produce sited artworks for the town, turning it into a form of urban gallery. With successive Triennials occurring in 2011 and 2014, and several works from all three being retained as permanent acquisitions, this article takes stock of the impact of these artistic engagements with the town, showing how, as an ensemble, they interact with one another and asking whether they have the capacity to contribute to a reconstituted identity for Folkestone in an integrated and lasting way.
Processing technique and geometric model of an imperfect orthogonal 3D braided material
Authors: Ma Wensuo , Ma Zhenyu , Zhu Jianxun
Published: April 2016

A novel 3D braided material was found based on the traditional 3D orthogonal woven process. The mesostructure of novel 3D braided material is similar to the 3D orthogonal woven material, but only coincide in the Z-direction. The processing technique is easy to operate in automatic process. The representative volume unit has been proposed to establish geometric model. The fiber volume fraction of novel 3D braided material is analyzed and its value is higher than the traditional 3D orthogonal woven material ones. The experimental results show that the braided process of the imperfect orthogonal 3D braided material is rational and feasible.
Schoolwide Positive Behavior Supports and Students With Significant Disabilities
Authors: Kurth Jennifer A. , Enyart Matt
Published: April 2016

Although the number of schools implementing schoolwide positive behavior supports (SWPBS) has increased dramatically, the inclusion of students with severe disabilities in these efforts remains negligible. This article describes the evolution of positive behavior intervention and supports into the SWPBS approach used in many schools today, highlighting the impact on, and inclusion of, SWPBS on students with severe disabilities. In particular, implications for researchers are addressed, including the appropriateness, accessibility, and availability of SWPBS for students with severe disabilities, and the potential of SWPBS to facilitate inclusive schools.
Performance Variability as a Predictor of Response to Aphasia Treatment
Authors: Duncan E. Susan , Schmah Tanya , Small Steven L.
Published: April 2016

Background. Performance variability in individuals with aphasia is typically regarded as a nuisance factor complicating assessment and treatment. Objective. We present the alternative hypothesis that intraindividual variability represents a fundamental characteristic of an individual’s functioning and an important biomarker for therapeutic selection and prognosis. Methods. A total of 19 individuals with chronic aphasia participated in a 6-week trial of imitation-based speech therapy. We assessed improvement both on overall language functioning and repetition ability. Furthermore, we determined which pretreatment variables best predicted improvement on the repetition test. Results. Significant gains were made on the Western Aphasia Battery-Revised (WAB) Aphasia Quotient, Cortical Quotient, and 2 subtests as well as on a separate repetition test. Using stepwise regression, we found that pretreatment intraindividual variability was the only predictor of improvement in performance on the repetition test, with greater pretreatment variability predicting greater improvement. Furthermore, the degree of reduction in this variability over the course of treatment was positively correlated with the degree of improvement. Conclusions. Intraindividual variability may be indicative of potential for improvement on a given task, with more uniform performance suggesting functioning at or near peak potential.
An On-Chip Disposable Salivary Glucose Sensor for Diabetes Control
Authors: Du Yunqing , Zhang Wenjun , Wang Ming L.
Published: April 2016

Background:

Self-management of blood glucose (BG) is considered a norm for diabetes control. However, this invasive process is uncomfortable for patients, especially when intensive measurements with frequent finger pricks are required. Saliva, an alternative body fluid that is easily accessible and contains trace amount of glucose can be potentially used for the noninvasive monitoring of diabetes.

Methods:

As a solution for real-time glucose measurements using saliva for diabetic care, we have developed an on-chip disposable glucose nano-biosensor through a layer-by-layer assembly process. In this work, a clinical study of 10 healthy subjects was conducted to determine the potential usefulness of salivary glucose (SG) sensors for glycemic control.

Results:

Findings revealed (1) the individual BG/SG ratio at fasting was consistent over an entire year when there was no significant change of personal health; (2) the individual SG levels tracked closely with BG levels after meals; (3) a time difference of 15-30 minutes exists between peak levels of BG and SG; (4) 2 hours after a meal, the BG/SG ratio returned to a similar value at fasting.

Conclusions:

We propose to measure fasting and pre- and 2-hour postprandial SG levels for self-management of glycemic levels. As a result, this article is not intended to replace the common BG tests. With preliminary results, we believe SG itself could be used as means for reliable diabetes monitoring and a potential fluid for prognosis of future disease.
Party Campaigners or Citizen Campaigners? How Social Media Deepen and Broaden Party-Related Engagement
Authors: Vaccari Cristian , Valeriani Augusto
Published: April 2016

Digital media are often blamed for accelerating the decline of political parties as channels for citizen participation. By contrast, we show that political engagement on social media may revitalize party activities because these platforms are means for both party members and ordinary citizens to discuss politics and engage with and around political parties. Using online surveys conducted in Germany, Italy, and the United Kingdom, we find that party members engage in a wider variety of party-related activities than average respondents, but the same can also be said of nonparty members who informally discuss politics on social media. Moreover, the strength of the relationship between party membership and engagement decreases as the intensity of political discussion on social media increases. This suggests that political discussions on social media can narrow the divide in party-related engagement between members and nonmembers, and to some extent flatten rather than reinforce existing political hierarchies. Finally, we find that the correlation between party membership and engagement is stronger in Germany, where party organizations are more robust, than in Italy and the United Kingdom, highlighting the role of party organizational legacies in the digital age.
Transitions of Care Model Inclusive of Unplanned Care Improves the Patient Experience
Authors: Myers J Brent , Cox Jon , Teague Stephanie , Beck Eric
Published: April 2016

A major emphasis in health care is creating an experience whereby patients receive the right care at the right time from the right provider in the right setting at the right cost. Over the past several decades, there has been considerable effort in the area of medical management, with prior authorization, gatekeeper utilization management regimens, and other techniques designed to guide patients and caregivers into desired treatment pathways. Alternatively, the concept of demand management may be employed to achieve these desired outcomes by giving patients meaningful, expanded choices beyond traditional acute-care settings. The implementation of a novel, patient-centered, unplanned care delivery model is described along with illustrative case studies.
What is new in diagnosis and management of light chain amyloidosis?
Authors: Palladini Giovanni , Merlini Giampaolo
Published: April 2016

Light chain (AL) amyloidosis is caused by a usually small plasma cell clone producing a misfolded light chain that deposits in tissues. Survival is mostly determined by the severity of heart involvement. Recent studies are clarifying the mechanisms of cardiac damage, pointing to a toxic effect of amyloidogenic light chains and offering new potential therapeutic targets. The diagnosis requires adequate technology, available at referral centers, for amyloid typing. Late diagnosis results in approximately 30% of patients presenting with advanced, irreversible organ involvement and dying in a few months despite modern treatments. The availability of accurate biomarkers of clonal and organ disease is reshaping the approach to patients with AL amyloidosis. Screening of early organ damage based on biomarkers can help identify patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance who are developing AL amyloidosis before they become symptomatic. Staging systems and response assessment based on biomarkers facilitate the design and conduction of clinical trials, guide the therapeutic strategy, and allow the timely identification of refractory patients to be switched to rescue therapy. Treatment should be risk-adapted. Recent studies are linking specific characteristics of the plasma cell clone to response to different types of treatment, moving toward patient-tailored therapy. In addition, novel anti-amyloid treatments are being developed that might be combined with anti-plasma cell chemotherapy.
The Greek Economic Crisis: Myths, Misperceptions, Truths, and Realities
Authors: Catsambas Thanos
Published: April 2016

This essay summarizes developments since the outbreak of the Greek economic crisis in 2010 from the perspective of various myths that dominated the public discourse from 2010 to 2016. In the author's view, the perpetuation of these myths, which was partly the result of poor communication policies of the Greek governments, impeded a swifter resolution of the crisis. The analysis is based on the author's personal experiences while he served as an alternate executive director of the International Monetary Fund representing Greece from January 2012 to July 2015.
FGF signaling in the osteoprogenitor lineage non-autonomously regulates postnatal chondrocyte proliferation and skeletal growth
Authors: Karuppaiah Kannan , Yu Kai , Lim Joohyun , Chen Jianquan , Smith Craig , Long Fanxin , Ornitz David M.
Published: April 2016

Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) signaling is important for skeletal development; however, cell-specific functions, redundancy, and feedback mechanisms regulating bone growth are poorly understood. FGF receptors 1 and 2 (Fgfr1 and Fgfr2) are both expressed in the osteoprogenitor lineage. Double conditional knockout mice (DCKO) mice, in which both receptors were inactivated using an osteoprogenitor-specific Cre driver, appeared normal at birth; however, DCKO mice showed severe postnatal growth defects that include an ∼50% reduction in body weight and bone mass, and impaired longitudinal bone growth. Histological analysis showed reduced cortical and trabecular bone in DCKO mice, suggesting cell autonomous functions of FGF signaling during postnatal bone formation. Surprisingly, DCKO mice also showed growth plate defects and an arrest in chondrocyte proliferation. We provide genetic evidence that revealed a non-cell autonomous feedback pathway regulating Fgf9, Fgf18, and Pthlh expression, which together led to increased expression and signaling of Fgfr3 in growth plate chondrocytes and suppression of chondrocyte proliferation. These observations show that FGF signaling in the osteoprogenitor lineage is obligately coupled to chondrocyte proliferation and the regulation of longitudinal bone growth.
Finding the shortest path with PesCa: a tool for network reconstruction
Authors: Scardoni Giovanni , Tosadori Gabriele , Pratap Sakshi , Spoto Fausto , Laudanna Carlo
Published: April 2016

Network analysis is of growing interest in several fields ranging from economics to biology. Several methods have been developed to investigate different properties of physical networks abstracted as graphs, including quantification of specific topological properties, contextual data enrichment, simulation of pathway dynamics and visual representation. In this context, the PesCa app for the Cytoscape network analysis environment is specifically designed to help researchers infer and manipulate networks based on the shortest path principle. PesCa offers different algorithms allowing network reconstruction and analysis starting from a list of genes, proteins and in general a set of interconnected nodes. The app is useful in the early stage of network analysis, i.e. to create networks or generate clusters based on shortest path computation, but can also help further investigations and, in general, it is suitable for every situation requiring the connection of a set of nodes that apparently do not share links, such as isolated nodes in sub-networks. Overall, the plugin enhances the ability of discovering interesting and not obvious relations between high dimensional sets of interacting objects.
Dynamics of disturbance level of total electron content at high and middle latitudes according to GPS data
Authors: Перевалова Наталья , Perevalova Natalia , Едемский Илья , Edemsky Ilya , Тимофеева Ольга , Timofeeva Olga , Каташевцева Дарья , Katashevtseva Darya , Полякова Анна , Polyakova Anna
Published: April 2016

We study the level of total electron content (TEC) disturbance in ionospheric mid-latitude and high-latitude regions during 2013. TEC behavior is calculated using data from two GPS stations: MOND (Mondy) and NRIL (Norilsk). TEC variations are calculated from two-frequency phase measurements for all radio rays. We analyze the TEC variations in two time ranges: 10 and 40 min. These ranges correspond to middle- and large-scale ionospheric disturbances respectively. The TEC disturbance level is characterized using the special index WTEC. WTEC allows us to receive multi-day continuous series of average TEC variation intensity. We reveal that at high latitudes WTEC variations agree well with AE ones. The correlation between WTEC and Dst variations is much less. The minimum level of TEC disturbance is independent of the season in the Arctic region; diurnal WTEC variations are more pronounced for medium-scale ionospheric disturbances than for large-scale ones. At mid-latitudes, the WTEC behavior agrees well with the Dst and Kp variations only during strong magnetic storms. The minimum level of TEC disturbance is higher in summer than in winter. At mid-latitudes, the sunset terminator generates gravitational waves. In the Arctic region, terminator-generated waves are not observed.
CIVIL WAR IN SYRIA AND GEOPOLITICAL INTERESTS OF RUSSIA IN THE MIDDLE EAST REGION
Authors: Лобанов  , Lobanov Konstantin , Моисеев  , Moiseev Vladimir
Published: April 2016

Armed conflict in Syria has not only aggravated regional contradictions in the Middle East region, but also activated geopolitical interests of the world powers in this part of the planet. The collision of multidirectional interests gives tragic sounding to numerous internal and external political forces to civil war in Syria, prolongs this conflict in time and expands it spatially. This article is devoted to the detection of geopolitical interests of Russia in the Middle East region on the example of participation of our country in the Syrian opposition.
PROBLEMS OF THEORETICAL JUSTIFICATION OF THE DOCTRINE OF LEGAL STATE
Authors: Батеева  , Питерская  , Piterskaya Aleksandra
Published: April 2016

The article discusses specific approaches of legal doctrine of legal state, with focuses on the place and role of doctrine in the modern conditions of functioning of the state and legal spheres. The authors analyze the problems of legal state, identify their features based on the concepts of law, in particular natural law and theory of social contract. Based on the theoretical foundation the authors of "classic" principles of legal state conclude of inconsistency, which in its turn leads to the lack of implementation of principles into practice fully. So, the doctrine of legal state becomes very complicated and multivariate conceptual structure, which diverse factors have an impact on, depending on the concepts of legal thinking and understanding of state. In this regard, the article assesses the conceptual issues of law and science-based reasoning problems of theoretical doctrine

of legal state.
THE RIGHT TO RELIGIOUS (ORTHODOX) EDUCATION AND ITS IMPORTANCE FOR MODERN RUSSIA
Authors: Лавицкая  , Lavitskaya Marina , Гурылева  , Guryleva Aleksandra
Published: April 2016

Currently, there is active interaction between the state and the Russian Orthodox Church in the education sector. With the introduction of Article 87 to the Federal Law «On Education in the Russian Federation» religious education gets a new level. The article attempts to examine the legal regulation of religious education, to evaluate its role in the secular school. Perhaps there is a sense, to explore the possibility of making appropriate changes and additions to the local laws and regulations in connection with the regional executive and legislative bodies. We should not forget that education was associated with Orthodoxy in Russia for centuries. For centuries, the Orthodox ideology has been a powerful unifying force, in which the faith is a stable system of values, and Orthodox Christian religion has contributed to the integration of different social forces.
MARKET OF ALCOHOL PRODUCTS IN RUSSIA: MEASURES OF STATE SUPPORT AND REGULATION
Authors: Юдина  , Yudina Anna
Published: April 2016

In the article the specifics of the current excise tax system in the Russian Federation is studied, the specifics of crisis conditions of international and Russian economies is described, responses in the field of interbudgetary relations are suggested, qualitative and quantitative analysis of three options of the distribution of revenues from excise duties are conducted; the approach «road maps» as a complex of measures of state regulation of the alcohol market of Russia is examined.
DIVINE LAW IN SAINT AUGUSTINE´S DE CIVITATE DEI (354-430)
Authors: Епифанова  , Epifanova Tatyana , Буреев  , Bureev Aleksandr
Published: April 2016

The article deals with the content and structure of the concept of divine law, its action in space and time, relationship with justice in one of the major works of the undivided Christian church of Father Augustine (354 — 430). The concept of divine law of Aurelius Augustine defines it as the will of the Christian God, the eternal unchanging truth which extends to the inhabitants of God and the earthly city, their community and regulatory relations, based on the criterion of justice. In the earthly city divine law takes the form of positive law, hierarchical structure, as well as time and historical performance.
TERRORISM AS A THREAT TO RUSSIAN NATIONAL SECURITY
Authors: Семеновский  , Semenovskiy N.
Published: April 2016

In the article an attempt to consider the concept «terrorism» from the point of view of potential threat of national security is made. Terrorism, having very complex contents, breaks the ability of the nation to self-preservation, self-reproduction and self-development, thus affecting national security of the country at all its levels: interstate, state, international, national, class and group. The concept of safety and degree of security of the state from internal and external threats in all spheres of its activity are examined, and also a number of main features which national security has are considered in detail.
ECONOMIC LOSSES FROM THE SPREAD OF NARCOTICS ABUSE
Authors: Болотин  , Bolotin Vladimir , Ноздрина  , Nozdrina Tatyana
Published: April 2016

The article considers the problem of social and economic losses from the spread of drugs and psychotropic substances in the society, taking into account emerging issues and conflicts implementation of anti-drug legislation. The authors distinguishes direct and indirect threats to the economy at the present time; their specificity and classification are allocated and given, including positions of the International Committee on drug control (UN). The problem of resource provision on creation of national system of comprehensive rehabilitation and resocialization of persons consuming narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances for non-medical purposes is focuses on.
Technological parks and the innovation activity of enterprises in the industrial networks – developed vs. intermediate regions
Authors: Gorączkowska Jadwiga
Published: April 2016

Currently, technological parks constitute the most organisational and conceptually developed type of innovation centres and entrepreneurship. This results in the fact that they can be encountered in all highly developed countries in the world. They are also formed in the catching-up countries. However, one should consider whether the stimulation of innovation in the countries, which are not based on knowledge through institutional solutions used in the developed countries will turn out to be effective. Because between these countries there is a technological gap. The aim of the article was therefore to determine, using the probit modelling, the direction and strength of technological parks on the innovation activity. The study covered two provinces: Silesian, which is one of the most developed regions in Poland and Pomeranian with the intermediate industrial system. The influence of technological parks on innovation was determined based on the survey conducted in 1453 industrial enterprises. The main conclusions are brought down to the following theses: (1) using the technological parks increases the chance for the implementation of new solutions by enterprises, (2) parks to a greater extent stimulate the innovation activity in the developed province, (3) enterprises entering in the cross-regional network relations favours the selection of the technological park as the catalyst for innovation processes.
Midwives' experiences of helping women struggling to breastfeed
Authors: Lawton Kath , Robinson Ann
Published: April 2016

Background:

Breastfeeding is accepted as the optimum way to nourish babies. It is established that women need informed support from midwives, but the focus of previous research has been predominantly on women's experiences, rather than that of midwives.

Aims:

The aim of this study was to explore midwives' experiences of helping women who were struggling to breastfeed.

Methods:

A qualitative methodology was selected using a phenomenological approach. Five midwives were purposefully recruited and data were collected using semi-structured interviews. Following transcription, data were analysed using Colaizzi's (1978) framework of analysis.

Findings:

Three themes emerged describing midwives' experiences: time poverty, the impact of being ‘with women’, and professional integrity.

Conclusions:

The study revealed that breastfeeding has an emotional impact on midwives. Not being able to spend the time they felt the women needed affected the midwives. With reports of an increasing shortage of midwives, there is concern that time poverty may increase, leading to a greater sense of professional dissatisfaction.
The case for collaborative learning: Introducing opportunities in the higher education setting
Authors: Ridley Neesha , Smith Charlotte
Published: April 2016

Public Health England and the Department of Health (2015) have documented that parents are requesting consistent professional advice throughout pregnancy and the early weeks following birth, as their care is transferred from midwives to health visitors. In addition, commissioners are increasingly seeking to integrate services to provide joined-up care and improve health outcomes for parents and families. This paper discusses the benefits, to both parents and health professionals, of collaborative working, together with the challenges faced by midwives and health visitors in the current climate. It explores the benefits of collaborative learning between the two disciplines in the higher education setting, with an example of a successful collaboration at the University of Central Lancashire.
Small Animal Review
Authors: Tennant Bryn
Published: April 2016

Introduction:

The thickness of dogs' adrenal glands as assessed ultrasonographically varies with a dog's age, sex and weight such that a single threshold value is unreliable.
Lily poisoning
Authors: Bates Nicola
Published: April 2016

Lilies, that is, species of Lilium (Liliaceae) (true lily) and Hemerocallis (Hemerocallidaceae) (day lily), cause acute kidney injury in cats. This does not occur in dogs, rats or rabbits. All parts of the plant are toxic to cats and a small amount of plant material can have serious consequences if ingested. The mechanism of toxicity remains unknown. Signs develop rapidly, with gastrointestinal irritation followed by polyuria, dehydration and then renal failure. Seizures can occur in severe cases. Treatment is aimed at reducing absorption using emesis and/or activated charcoal; preventing renal shutdown; and enhancing renal perfusion with intravenous fluid diuresis for at least 48 hours. Once renal failure has occurred treatment options are limited. Prognosis is good in cats treated promptly and before the onset of acute kidney injury. Cats with renal failure have a more guarded prognosis.
Understanding and facilitating transition for middle-aged adults with longstanding disabilities
Authors: Wilding Clare , Mears Terri , Curtin Michael
Published: April 2016

Background:

Transition is a common experience; yet, there is a lack of understanding about how transition impacts middle-aged adults with a longstanding disability.

Methods:

Qualitative methods were used within a needs analysis design. Narrative data were collected via an online or postal written survey and phone or face-to-face interviews, which were transcribed verbatim. Data were inductively analysed and categorised to form descriptions of types of transition experienced, and what enabled or impeded the participants adapting to changes.

Findings:

Five types of transition were identified: deterioration of the health of a person with disability; deterioration of the health or death of a primary carer/s; change to living situation; change to daily activities; and seeking change. Five factors that influenced the outcome of transition were discovered: knowledge and understanding; time; attitudes; environments; and support and services.

Conclusions:

Adults with a longstanding disability may experience multiple and complex transitions as they age. Rehabilitation and therapy staff can support people with disability to adjust to change by providing information, helping and encouraging others to be accepting and supportive, allowing people time to accommodate to change, and providing a range of flexible and accessible services.
An exploration of the facilitators and barriers for people with osteoarthritis to engage in exercise
Authors: Evans Georgie , Adams Jo , Donovan-Hall Maggie
Published: April 2016

Background/Aims:

The benefits of exercise on general health are well publicised and indeed more so for people with osteoarthritis, but there is a lack of engagement in exercise by the general public, and further lack of engagement by people with osteoarthritis. The reasons for this are not known, despite the clear benefits for both groups. The aim of the study was to explore the perceptions of patient and public involvement representatives with osteoarthritis on the facilitators and barriers for their engagement with exercise.

Methods:

Using a qualitative semi-structured interview, transcripts of the participants' conversations with the interviewer were analysed using thematic analysis.

Findings:

Seven separate themes were identified. These were: type of exercise; benefits of exercise; drawbacks of exercise; effects of exercise; public information; psychological impact; and social support. The main findings indicate: When a person knows and understands the health benefits of exercise, then they are more likely to engage in exercise For those with osteoarthritis, greater emphasis on physical activity may be more useful to encourage engagement Simple, clear consistent messages related to exercise for people with osteoarthritis are required from public health bodies.

Conclusions:

These findings are useful to guide future research by informing which areas are important to people with osteoarthritis when considering engagement with exercise. These may help with the design of studies and interventions. The use of language was particularly important when engaging with this group with older people expressing feelings of isolation where particular terms were used. There is a need for a consistent public information message to clearly communicate to the public about the benefits of exercise both on general health and for osteoarthritis.
Social network usage, shame, guilt and pride among high school students: Model testing
Authors: Doğan Uğur , Çelik Eyüp , Karakaş Yahya
Published: April 2016

This study was aimed at testing a model which applies structural equation modeling (SEM) to explain social networking sites (SNS) usage. Performing SEM with a sample of 500 high school students (40% male, 60% female), the model examined the relationships among shame, guilt and pride on SNS, such Facebook and Twitter. It was hypothesized that SNS usage was predicted directly by shame and indirectly by pride and guilt. The SEM showed that shame affected SNS usage directly and positively, while guilt and pride indirectly affected SNS via shame. The fit indices of SEM produced good fit values (χ2 = 0.11, df = 2, χ2/df = 0.055, p = 0.94532, RMSEA = 0.00, GFI = 1.00, AGFI = 1.00, NFI = 1.00, NNFI = 1.00, CFI = 1.00, IFI = 1.00, RMR = 0.039; SRMR = 0.0042). According to these results, high school students’ feelings of shame, guilt and pride are important predictors of SNS usage.
Permasalahan Kelembagaan Pemanfaatan Waduk Darma untuk Kegiatan Budidaya Keramba Jaring Apung di Kabupaten Kuningan Jawa Barat
Authors: Hermawaty Amelia Indah
Published: April 2016

Waduk Darma merupakan salah satu sumber daya air yang diharapkan optimal hasilnya untuk memenuhi kebutuhan air bersih masyarakat Kabupaten Kuningan. Pemanfaatan Waduk Darma untuk kegiatan perikanan Keramba Jamba Apung (KJA) dinilai tidak sesuai dengan PP Nomor 37 Tahun 2010. Kegiatan perikanan KJA yang semakin masif berdampak pada menurunnya kualitas lingkungan di sekitar Waduk Darma. Kelembagaan pemanfaatan Waduk Darma ditengarai menjadi akar permasalahan yang perlu dikaji. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis permasalahan kelembagaan pemanfaatan Waduk Darma untuk kegiatan perikanan Keramba Jamba Apung (KJA) di Kabupaten Kuningan, Jawa Barat. Pendekatan kualitatif digunakan dalam penelitian ini yang didukung oleh data hasil wawancara kepada pemerintah pusat dan daerah dan petani KJA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelembagaan pemanfaatan Waduk Darma tidak berjalan baik dilihat dari aspek kebijakan, peran dan kewenangan, dan koordinasi stakeholers. Dari aspek kebijakan, ada tumpang tindih peraturan antara pemerintah pusat dan pemerintah daerah, tidak ada prosedur perizinan yang diberlakukan untuk kegiatan KJA, dan  kurangnya sosialisasi mengenai kebijakan dan aturan pemanfaatan keramba kepada masyarakat maupun lembaga terkait. Dari aspek peran dan kewenangan, ada perubahan wewenang dari pemerintah daerah kepada pemerintah pusat, sumber daya manusia untuk mengelola Waduk Darma kualitasnya masih rendah, dan aktivitas perikanan KJA yang tidak terkoordinir dengan baik. Kemudian dari aspek koordinasi, belum ada koordinasi langsung antar instansi yang terlibat dalam pemanfaatan waduk, Tim Koordinasi Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Air (TKPSDA) sebagai wadah koordinasi belum berjalan dengan baik, dan adanya missing link antara pemerintah pusat melalui BBWS dan pemerintah daerah. Pemerintah sebagai otoritas dapat membuat suatu konsep kelembagaan dengan model hubungan integrated administrative system agar tercipta hubungan yang harmonis antara pemerintah pusat dan pemerintah daerah.
A new perspective on the Riesz potential
Authors: Xiao Jie
Published: April 2016

This paper offers a new perspective to look at the Riesz potential. On the one hand, it is shown that not only

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I
α

⁢

L

p
,
κ

{I_{\alpha}L^{p,\kappa}}

and

𝔏

q
,
λ

{\mathfrak{L}^{q,\lambda}}

are the Morrey–Sobolev and Campanato spaces on

ℝ
n

{\mathbb{R}^{n}}

respectively. On the other hand, a nonnegative Radon measure μ is completely characterized to produce a continuous map

I
α

:

L

p
,
1

→

L
μ
q

{I_{\alpha}:L_{p,1}\to L^{q}_{\mu}}

under the condition

1
<
p
<

min
⁡

{
q
,

n
/
α

}

{1<p<\min\{q,{n}/{\alpha}\}}

or

1
<
q
≤
p
<

min
⁡

{

q
⁢

(

n
-

α
⁢
p

)

/

(

n
-

α
⁢
q
⁢

(

q
-
1

)

-
1

)

,

n
/
α

}

{1<q\leq p<\min\{{q(n-\alpha p)}/({n-\alpha q(q-1)^{-1}}),{n}/{\alpha}\}}

, where

L

p
,
1

{L_{p,1}}

and

L
μ
q

{L^{q}_{\mu}}

are the

(
p
,
1
)

{(p,1)}

-Lorentz and

(
q
,
μ
)

{(q,\mu)}

-Lebesgue spaces on

ℝ
n

{\mathbb{R}^{n}}

respectively.
Expression and characterization of a cutinase (AnCUT2) from Aspergillus niger
Authors: Ahmed Al-Tammar Khadijah , Omar Othman , Abdul Murad Abdul Munir , Abu Bakar Farah Diba
Published: April 2016

Cutin hydrolase (EC 3.1.1.74), an extracellular polyesterase found in pollens, bacteria and fungi, is an efficient catalyst that exhibits hydrolytic activity on a variety of water-soluble esters, synthetic fibers, plastics and triglycerides. Thus, cutinase can be used in various applications such as ester synthesis, bio-scouring, food and detergent industries. Ancut2 is one of five genes encoding cutinases present in the Aspergillus niger ATCC 10574 genome. The cDNA of Ancut2 comprising of an open reading frame of 816 bp encoding a protein of 271 amino acid residues, was isolated and expressed in Pichia pastoris. The partially purified recombinant cutinase exhibited a molecular mass of approximately 40 kDa. The enzyme showed highest activity at 40°C with a preference for acidic pH (5.0-6.0). AnCUT2 showed hydrolytic activity towards various p-nitrophenyl esters with preference towards shorter chain esters such as p-nitrophenyl butyrate (C4). Scanning Electron Microscopy demonstrated that AnCUT2 was capable of modifying surfaces of synthetic polycaprolactone and polyethylene terephthalate plastics. The properties of this enzyme suggest that it may be applied in synthetic fiber modification and fruit processing industries.
Space-Time Discontinuous Galerkin Discretizations for Linear First-Order Hyperbolic Evolution Systems
Authors: Dörfler Willy , Findeisen Stefan , Wieners Christian
Published: April 2016

We introduce a space-time discretization for linear first-order hyperbolic
evolution systems using a discontinuous Galerkin approximation in space and a
Petrov–Galerkin scheme in time. We show well-posedness and convergence of the
discrete system. Then we introduce an adaptive strategy based on goal-oriented
dual-weighted error estimation. The full space-time linear system is solved
with a parallel multilevel preconditioner. Numerical experiments for the linear
transport equation and the Maxwell equation in 2D underline the efficiency of
the overall adaptive solution process.
With the future coming up behind them: Evidence that Time approaches from behind in Vietnamese
Authors: Sullivan Karen , Bui Linh Thuy
Published: April 2016

Vietnamese speakers can describe the future as behind them and gesture forwards to indicate the past, which suggests they use a conceptual model of Time in which the future is behind and the past is in front. This type of model has previously been shown to be pervasive only among older speakers of Aymara in the Andes (Núñez and Sweetser 2006. With the future behind them: Convergent evidence from Aymara language and gesture in the crosslinguistic comparison of spatial construals of time. Cognitive Science 30. 401–450). Whereas Time in the Aymara model does not “move”, the present data show that Time in Vietnamese can “approach” from behind the Ego and “continue forward” into the past. To our knowledge, no other language has been identified with a model where Time moves from behind Ego to in front. Recognition of this model in Vietnamese will open up new research opportunities, particularly since the model does not seem to be endangered in Vietnamese.
Simultaneous Removal of Organic and Inorganic Pollutants From Landfill Leachate Using Sea Mango Derived Activated Carbon via Microwave Induced Activation
Authors: Shehzad Areeb , Bashir Mohammed J.K. , Sethupathi Sumathi , Lim Jun-Wei
Published: April 2016

The present work reveals the preparation and optimization of sea mango based activated carbon (SMAC) by microwave induced KOH activation for the adsorptive removal of organic and inorganic contaminants from the mature anaerobic landfill leachate using response surface methodology (RSM) technique. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N) are the main indicators for organic and inorganic compounds often found in aged landfill leachate. Hence, the treatment of this stabilized landfill leachate is considered to be an essential step prior to its discharge. The leachate sample was collected from Sahom Landfill site in Perak, Malaysia and the initial concentrations of COD and NH3-N were measured as 550 mg/L and 3,330 mg/L, respectively. The feasibility of converting Sea mango to activated carbon process to remove the COD and NH3-N pollutants from landfill leachate was investigated. The preparation conditions such as microwave heating at power range (350–600 W), impregnation of AC with KOH (0.5–3.0) and retention time (6–10 min) were evaluated, analyzed and optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). From the analysis of variance (ANOVA), the optimum conditions for preparation of SMAC was at 560 W of activation power, 8.4 min of activation time and 2.10 of impregnation ratios with higher adsorptive removal of COD (72.50 %), and NH3-N (79.77 %), respectively. The physical and chemical properties of SMAC were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and surface area. The findings exemplified the applicability of SMAC as an effective precursor for the simultaneous removal of organic and inorganic pollutants from mature landfill leachate.
Hormonal and organ-specific dysfunction induced by the interaction between titanium dioxide nanoparticles and salicylic acid in male mice
Authors: El-Shenawy Nahla S. , Al-Harbi Mohammad S. , Al hamayani Fatimah F.E.
Published: April 2016

Background: Nanomaterials coating gained much concern in orthopedic implants and cosmetics. Drug combination may be a promising strategy for treating multi-factorial diseases. Titanium dioxide (TDN) nanoparticles are being widely used in many industries as well as in medicine and pharmacology. Therefore, increased human and environmental exposure can be expected, which has put TDN under toxicological scrutiny, and it is necessary to address the potential health and safety implications of nanomaterials used in nanomedicine. The toxicity of titanium oxide nanoparticles (TDN) and salicylic acid (SA) separately or in combination was studied for 21 days.

Methods: The liver and kidney biomarker were determined, and hormones and oxidative stress levels were detected in mice.

Results: The intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of TDN and SA in combination had a potential toxicological effect on major organs and hormonal homeostasis of mice. TDN and SA could antagonistically interact to affect the liver and kidney functions. No synergistic damage was observed in the liver function of mice that were treated with both TDN and SA as compared to the SA group. TDN acted as a synergistic agent to SA in the case of total cholesterol and total proteins levels. SA acted as antagonistic to the effect of TDN when injected together in mice because the effect on kidney functions is less than that predicted on the basis of the additive. The effect of co-administration of SA and TDN on the following hormones; triiodothyronine, thyroxine, estradiol II and insulin various among additive, potentiation, antagonistic and no effect, respectively as compared to TDN group. The interaction of TDN and SA was also found to induce oxidative stress as indicated by the increase in lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels. The decrease in the level of the reduced glutathione in the co-treated group indicated that there were no synergistic damages. SA and TDN co-administration could induce a potential increase in LPO levels in liver, kidney, and spleen but not in heart tissue. These results have not suggested that TDN and SA have a synergistic sub-chronic toxicity in mice after i.p. administration. SA may decrease the toxicity of TDN to some degree that could be related to the potentiation chemical reaction between SA and TDN.

Conclusions: Our results suggested that the damage observed in mice treated with TDN and SA is organ-specific and associated with hormonal homeostasis and oxidative damage.
Effect of 6 months intense Yoga practice on lipid profile, thyroxine medication and serum TSH level in women suffering from hypothyroidism: A pilot study
Authors: Nilakanthan Savitri , Metri Kashinath , Raghuram Nagaratna , Hongasandra Nagendra
Published: April 2016

Background: A significant number of women in India are suffering from hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism is characterized by elevated lipid profiles and thyroid stimulation hormone (TSH). It leads many comorbid conditions such as coronary artery disease, obesity, depression, osteoporosis, sleep apnea, and etc. Yoga is proven to be effective in reducing weight, dyslipidemia, depression and it brings the balance in autonomous nervous system. We aimed to study the effect of 6 months yoga practice on lipid profile, thyroxine requirement and serum TSH in women suffering from hypothyroidism.

Methods: Twenty-two household women suffering from hypothyroidism between the age range of 30 and 40 (mean±SD; 36.7±3.2) years, with average 4±1.12-year history of hypothyroidism were included in this study. Subjects with known cardiac issues, hypertension, history, recent surgery, slip disc and low back pain were excluded from this study. None of the subjects were on any other medication except thyroxine which was kept during the intervention phage (mean 65.78±22.74 mcg). All the subjects underwent 6 months of yoga practice 1 h daily for 4 days a week. Lipid profile, thyroxine dosage and serum TSH level were assessed before and after intervention. Data was analyzed using paired sample t test & Wilcoxon’s signed rank test.

Results: The paired sample t-test showed significant reduction in total cholesterol (p=0.006; –8.99 %), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (p=0.002; –9.81 %) and triglycerides (p=0.013; –7.6 %), and there was a significant improvement in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (p=0.02; +9.65 %) along with nonsignificant reduction in TSH level (p=0.452; –9.72 %). Wilcoxon signed-rank test showed significant reduction in thyroxine medication score (p=0.029; –15.30 %) from.

Conclusion: 6 months practice of yoga may help in improving cholesterol level, serum TSH, may also help in reducing the thyroxine requirement in female patients suffering from hypothyroidism. However, further randomized controlled studies need to be conducted to confirm the present finding.