bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analyzing physical activity impact based on ubiquitous nonlinear dynamics and electroencephalography data
Authors: Shukla Prashant Kumar , Maheshwary Priti , Kundu Shakti , Mondal Dipannita , Kumar Ankit , Joshi Shubham , Pareek Piyush Kumar
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND: Understanding complex systems is made easier with the tools provided by the theory of nonlinear dynamic systems. It provides novel ideas, algorithms, and techniques for signal processing, analysis, and classification. Presently, these ideas are being applied to the investigation of how physiological signals evolve. OBJECTIVE: The study applies nonlinear dynamics theory to electroencephalogram (EEG) signals to better comprehend the range of alcoholic mental states. One of the main contributions of this paper is an algorithm for automatically distinguishing between sober and drunken EEG signals based on their salient features. METHODS: The study utilized various entropy-based features, including ApEn, SampEn, Shannon and Renyi entropies, PE, TS, FE, WE, and KSE, to extract information from EEG signals. To identify the most relevant features, the study employed ranking methods like T-test, Wilcoxon, and Bhattacharyya, and trained SVM classifiers with the selected features. The Bhattacharyya ranking method was found to be the most effective in achieving high classification accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. RESULTS: Classification accuracy of 95.89%, the sensitivity of 94.43%, and specificity of 96.67% are achieved by the SVM classifier with radial basis function (RBF) for polynomial Kernel using the Bhattacharyya ranking method. CONCLUSION: From the result, it is clear that the model serves as a cost-effective and accurate decision-support tool for doctors in diagnosing alcoholism and for rehabilitation centres to monitor the effectiveness of interventions aimed at mitigating or reversing brain damage caused by alcoholism.
Dural puncture epidural with 25-G spinal needles versus conventional epidural technique for labor analgesia: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Lin Wenqian , Lin Jun , Yang Yongyong , Lin Lianhe , Lin Qun
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND: Dural mater is punctured by using a spinal needle without drugs administrated into intrathecal space directly in dural puncture epidural (DPE) analgesia. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to summarize the evidence of benefits and risks of DPE analgesia with 25-G spinal needles for labor pain relief. METHODS: DPE analgesia with EP analgesia for labor pain relief were systematically searched. The Embase, MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Scopus and Web of Science databases were systematically searched till 6th November 2022 to find out randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing DPE (using 25-G spinal needles) with conventional epidural (EP) analgesia. The risk of bias was assessed with the Cochrane tool. Risk ratio, mean difference, and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. RESULTS: Seven RCTs with 761 parturients were identified. Pool data showed that DPE technique was associated with shorter time to pain score ⩽ 3/10, higher percentage with pain score ⩽ 3/10 at 10 min and 20 min, lower incidence of epidural top-up bolus and no S2 block, higher incidence of bilateral S2 blockade at 10 min and during labor, lower incidence of epidural top-up bolus and incidence of asymmetric block. No statistical difference in side effect and parturient satisfaction between DPE and EP technique. CONCLUSION: DPE technique with 25-G spinal needles was associated with faster analgesia onset and sacral coverage, greater sacral spread, lesser requirement of epidural top-up and lower incidence of asymmetric block. DPE technique with 25-G spinal needles showed a greater benefit to parturients.
Features of MR signals of retroplacental basal decidual space and its diagnostic significance
Authors: Qi Hai-Feng , Sun Xiao-Qin , Du Hai-Kun , Li Jun-Hua , Zhang Li-Yan , Xi Yong-Guo
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND: With more pregnant women undergoing cesarean section, the number of women with scarring in the uterus undergoing uterine magnetic resonance (MR) examination in the second and third trimesters following a subsequent pregnancy, has increased. OBJECTIVE: To investigate features of MR signals in retroplacental basal decidual space. METHODS: The MR imaging data of patients with clinically and pathologically confirmed placenta implantation and complete placental abruption were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: Patients with high-intensity signals in T2-weighted images (T2WI) of the retroplacental basal decidual space did not suffer placenta implantation after delivery, while high-intensity signals in T2WI of the retroplacental basal decidual space was not observed in patients with different degrees of placenta implantation. CONCLUSION: As the retroplacental basal decidual space is the barrier between the placenta and myometrium, high-intensity signals in T2WI can improve the confidence of MR exclusion diagnostics of placenta implantation, and can be used as exclusion criteria for MR diagnosis of placenta implantation.
Magnetic resonance imaging analysis of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the prostate
Authors: Wang Fei-Fei , Zhang Xiao-Nan , Wang Xiao-Juan
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND: Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a highly malignant tumor that originates from myogenic progenitor cells. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics of prostate embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS). METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical and MRI imaging data of 9 cases of prostate ERMS that were confirmed pathologically. The patients were aged between 14∼49 years with a median age of 27 years, and they all underwent MRI, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI). RESULTS: The MRI scan of the lesions showed an irregular shape, mixed signals, uneven equal/long T1 signal and an equal/long T2 signal, cystic necrosis in 9 cases and hemorrhage in 6 cases; DWI and ADC images showed a mixed high/low signal, and the tumor parenchyma showed ADC low signal, with an average ADC value of 0.666 × 10-3 mm2/s. There were 5 cases of DCE-MRI TIC type II and 4 cases of DCE-MRI TIC type I. The average value of Tpeak was 120 s and the average value of MCER was 172.3%. After the enhancement, the signal of tumor enhancement was uneven, and showed patchy and reticular enhancement, however, the cyst degeneration, necrosis area, and hemorrhage focus were not enhanced. There were 3 cases with multiple pelvic lymph nodes and 1 case with multiple bone metastases. CONCLUSION: The MRI manifestations of prostate ERMS have certain characteristics, and the combination of DWI and DCE-MRI are helpful in the diagnosis.
Elongation of the proximal descending thoracic aorta and associated hemodynamics increase the risk of acute type B aortic dissection
Authors: Zhang Xuelan , Peng Yuan , Li Gaoyang , Li Jiehua , Luo Mingyao , Che Yue , Zheng Liancun , Anzai Hitomi , Ohta Makoto , Shu Chang
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND: Acute type B aortic dissection (ATBAD) is a life-threatening aortic disease. However, little information is available on predicting and understanding of ATBAD. OBJECTIVE: The study sought to explore the underlying mechanism of ATBAD by analyzing the morphological and hemodynamic characteristics related to aortic length. METHODS: The length and tortuosity of the segment and the whole aorta in the ATBAD group (n= 163) and control group (n= 120) were measured. A fixed anatomic landmark from the distal of left subclavian artery (LSA) to the superior border of sixth thoracic vertebra was proposed as the proximal descending thoracic aorta (PDTA), and the dimensionless parameter, length ratio, was introduced to eliminate the individual differences. The significant morphological parameters were filtrated and the associations between parameters were investigated using statistical approaches. Furthermore, how aortic morphology influenced ATBAD was explored based on idealized aortic models and hemodynamic-related metrics. RESULTS: The PDTA length was significantly increased in the ATBAD group compared with the control group and had a strong positive correlation with the whole aortic length (r= 0.89). The length ratio (LR2) and tortuosity (T2) of PDTA in the ATBAD group were significantly increased (0.15 ± 0.02 vs 0.12 ± 0.02 and 1.73 ± 0.48 vs 1.50 ± 0.36; P< 0.001), and LR2 was positive correlation with T2 (r= 0.73). In receiver-operating curve analysis, the area under the curve was 0.835 for LR2 and 0.641 for T2. Low and oscillatory shear (LOS) was positive correlation with LR2, and the elevated LOS occurred in the distal of LSA. CONCLUSION: Elongation of PDTA is associated with ATBAD, and the length ratio is a novel predictor. Elongated PDTA induced more aggressive hemodynamic forces, and high LOS regions may correspond to the entry tear location. The synergy of the morphological variation and aggressive hemodynamics creates contributory conditions for ATBAD.
MiR-191-5p inhibits KLF6 to promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer
Authors: Pan Ling , Liu Wenya , Zhao Hao , Chen Bin , Yue Xuandi
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) exert certain functions in the development of several cancers and can be a potential hallmark for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. MiR-191-5p has been proven to have high expression in breast cancer (BC), while its biological role and potential regulatory mechanisms in BC remain an open issue. OBJECTIVE: Bioinformatics was utilized to assay miR-191-5p level in BC tissues and predict its downstream target gene as well as the enriched signaling pathways of the target gene. METHODS: qRT-PCR was carried out to assay miR-191-5p and KLF6 levels in BC cells as well as miR-191-5p level in blood-derived exosomes from BC patients. Western blot was to examine the expression of proteins linked with cell adhesion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and exosome markers. A dual luciferase reporter assay was utilized to verify the interaction between miR-191-5p and KLF6. Abilities of cell phenotypes of BC cells were detected by CCK8, Transwell, and cell adhesion assay, separately. RESULTS: Upregulated miR-191-5p expression and downregulated KLF6 expression were observed in BC cells. There was a targeting relationship between miR-191-5p and KLF6. MiR-191-5p negatively regulated KLF6 to promote EMT and malignant progression of BC cells. Additionally, we described a dramatically high level of miR-191-5p in the blood exosomes of BC patients. CONCLUSION: MiR-191-5p advances the EMT of BC by targeting KLF6, indicating that miR-191-5p and KLF6 may be new biomarkers for BC.
Prevalence of mental stress and its association with witnessing cyberbullying and coping strategies among undergraduates in Hunan, China in 2021
Authors: Tang Bei , Ouyang Wenbin , Deng Jing , Huang Xin
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND: In the wave of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemic, there is a need to investigate the mental health status of Chinese university students. OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of witnessing cyberbullying on psychological distress and the mediating role of coping on these effects in Chinese university students, which is yet to be examined. METHODS: 306 Chinese university students were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Linear regression was conducted to analyze the relationship between depression, anxiety and being a bystander to cyberbullying, whereas the bootstrapping approach tested the mediation effects of coping strategies. RESULTS: Results indicated that 27.12% of subjects (95% CI: 22.22%, 32.48%) suffered from anxiety and 44.12% (95% CI: 38.47%, 49.88%) were depressed. Meanwhile, 89.87% of subjects were involved in witnessing cyberbullying. Being a bystander to cyberbullying was weakly but significantly associated with anxiety (β= 0.195, 95% CI: 0.068, 0.292) and depression (β= 0.223, 95% CI: 0.113,0.333). Negative coping partially mediated between witnessing cyberbullying and anxiety, with mediation effect values of 0.04 (P< 0.05). While being a bystander to cyberbullying was only directly associated with depression. CONCLUSION: Based on our findings, college students in Hunan, China, are experiencing anxiety, depression and cyberbullying after COVID-19. Being a bystander to cyberbullying is associated with coping strategies, anxiety, and depression. Cyberbullying has a direct impact on anxiety, but it also influences anxiety through mediating effects on coping.
Analysis of factors affecting ultrasound examination time: A quantitative study
Authors: Wu Qingqing , Li Xihong , Li Li , Yan Ouyang , He Qingwen
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND: Numerous studies have focused on reducing patient absences and effectively scheduling exams. However, very few studies have analyzed the factors influencing examination time and predicted examination time. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the factors affecting ultrasound examination visit length and provide a reference for interventions to optimize ultrasound appointments. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted at a fertility clinic in China. Ultrasound examination time and clinical characteristics were obtained from the electronic records. Univariate and multivariate analyses used 33,432 patients who attended our clinic center between August 1 and October 30, 2018. A quantile regression model was constructed to examine associations between ultrasound examination time and statistically significant variables in the univariate analysis. RESULTS: Of the 33,432 patients included in this study, 29,085 (87%) were female and 4,347 (13%) were male. Their mean examination time was 6 ± 3 minutes. The doctor’s title and gender, equipment, and patient’s age, examination site, gender, and origin were all statistically significant. Physical examination and outpatient clinic patients had shorter examination times than inpatients. Female physicians had longer examination times than male physicians. Examination time was positively correlated with thyroid, breast, liver, gallbladder, spleen, pancreas, kidney, heart, vascular, adrenal, gynecological, early pregnancy, nuchal translucency, prostate, scrotum, and mid-to-late pregnancy fetal sites. Moreover, NT and mid-to-late pregnancy fetal sites showed a clear and continuous positive trend with increasing examination time. CONCLUSION: The length of the ultrasound examination was correlated with the examination site, physician title, physician gender, patient age, patient gender, patient origin, and instrumentation. The reliability of inspection time predicted by variables such as the physicians’ title, sex, sites examined, and the number of sites examined was higher when they were longer.
Analysis of modified surface topographies of titanium-based hip implants using finite element method
Authors: Vulović Aleksandra , Warchomicka Fernando Gustavo , Pixner Florian , Filipović Nenad
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND: In order to ensure the proper function of the cementless hip implant, the connection between the femoral bone and the implant has to be as strong as possible. According to experimental studies, implants with a rough surface reduce micro-movements between femoral bone and implant, which helps form a stronger connection between them. OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to analyze how half-cylinder surface topographies of different diameter values affect shear stress values and their distribution on the surface of the hip implant and trabecular femoral bone. METHODS: Nine models with different half-cylinder diameter values (200 μm, 400 μm, and 500 μm) and distances between half-cylinders were created for the analysis using the finite element method. Each model consisted of three layers: implant, trabecular, and cortical femoral bone. RESULTS: For all three diameter values, the highest shear stress value, for the implant layer, was located after the first half-cylinder on the side where force was defined. For the trabecular bone, the first half-cylinder was under lower amounts of shear stress. CONCLUSION: If we only consider shear stress values, we can say that models with 400 μm and 500 μm diameter values are a better choice than models with 100 μm diameter values.
Combined use of CYFRA 21-1 and CA 125 predicts survival of patients with metastatic NSCLC and stable disease in IMpower150
Authors: Mang Anika , Zou Wei , Rolny Vinzent , Reck Martin , Cigoianu Daniel , Schulze Katja , Holdenrieder Stefan , Socinski Mark A. , Shames David S. , Wehnl Birgit , Patil Namrata S.
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND:

Patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and stable disease (SD) have an unmet clinical need to help guide early treatment adjustments.

OBJECTIVE:

To evaluate the potential of tumor biomarkers to inform on survival outcomes in NSCLC SD patients.

METHODS:

This post hoc analysis included 480 patients from the IMpower150 study with metastatic NSCLC, treated with chemotherapy, atezolizumab and bevacizumab combinations, who had SD at first CT scan (post-treatment initiation). Patients were stratified into high- and low-risk groups (overall survival [OS] and progression-free survival [PFS] outcomes) based on serum tumor biomarker levels.

RESULTS:

The CYFRA 21-1 and CA 125 biomarker combination predicted OS and PFS in patients with SD. Risk of death was ~4-fold higher for the biomarker-stratified high-risk versus low-risk SD patients (hazard ratio [HR] 3.80; 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.02–4.78; p < 0.0001). OS in patients with the low- and high-risk SD was comparable to that in patients with the CT-defined partial response (PR; HR 1.10; 95% CI 0.898–1.34) and progressive disease (PD) (HR 1.05; 95% CI 0.621–1.77), respectively. The findings were similar with PFS, and consistent across treatment arms.

CONCLUSIONS:

Biomarker testing shows potential for providing prognostic information to help direct treatment in NSCLC patients with SD. Prospective clinical studies are warranted. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02366143
A Method for Analysis of Nonlinear Deformation, Buckling, and Vibrations of Thin Elastic Shells with Inhomogeneous Structures
Authors: Krivenko Olga , Lizunov Petro , Vorona Yuriy , Kalashnikov Oleksandr
Published: August 2023

The formulation of the problem and the method of analysis of the stress-strain state, buckling and vibrations of elastic shells with inhomogeneous structure are considered. The modal analysis of the shells is performed at each stage of loading. The method allows one to study the behavior of shells with a complex shape of the middle surface, geometric features throughout the thickness, and a multilayer material structure under thermomechanical loading. We approximate a thin shell with one finite element (FE) over the entire thickness. At the same time, we use spatial FEs of the same type to model shell portions with stepwise-varying thickness. So we apply the universal finite element. It is based on an isoparametric 3D element with polylinear shape functions for coordinates and displacements and has additional parameters. The universal finite element can be transformed (modified) to accurately describe portions of the shell with stepped-variable thickness. This element can be eccentrically displaced relative to the average surface of the shell and change its own thickness. The side edges of neighboring FEs are in continuous contact, and the FE allows simulating sharp bends of the shell. The approach is modern and easy to implement, since it is based on the use of the relations of the three-dimensional geometrically nonlinear theory of thermoelasticity and the application of the moment finite-element scheme. The effectiveness of the method is demonstrated on classical test examples. The convergence, accuracy and reliability of the obtained solutions are investigated. Comparison of the results of calculations obtained by the moment finite-element scheme with the data of other authors shows a good agreement between the solutions.
The fractal scale-invariant structure of a temporal hierarchy in the relaxation and energy dissipation processes in a visco-elastic/capillary-porous medium
Authors: Chоvniuk Yuriy , Cherednichenko Petro , Moskvitina Anna , Shyshyna Mariya
Published: August 2023

The phenomena of elastic aftereffects during loading/unloading of viscoelastic and capillary-porous bodies, relaxation of their stresses is accompanied by the energy accumulation and dissipation to be taken into account in the theory of oscillations which also considers the behavior of materials when the force is applied to them. The elastic aftereffect and stress relaxation forms ostensibly opposite energy processes. In the first case, under constant load deformation, the work increases in course of time, and in the second case, under constant load deformation, the work (energy) decreases. While researching on the energy dissipation in the conditions of oscillations application, i.e. within the frame of internal friction theories, one can find that some theories are based on the dependence of friction on the oscillations’ velocity, other ones establish the dependence of friction on the amplitude. Research papers are based on the hypothesis of M.M. Davydenkov, according to which the energy when subjected to oscillations depends on the amplitude and does not depend on the velocity. According to E.S. Sorokin, the theory of internal friction is poorly consistent with the theories describing the inherited properties of materials (viscoelastic and capillary-porous ones). A tendency is observed: the better a theory reflects hereditary properties, the worse this theory is adapted to describe energy losses due to oscillations.In this paper, an attempt has been made to harmonize both these theories and numerous experiments on the destruction of materials described in the academic literature. It turns out that in order to remove contradictions, it is necessary to take into account the dependence of body deformation changing in the course of time.It is shown that the hierarchy of times determining shear and bulk relaxation in viscoelastic/capillary-porous medium has a fractal (scale-invariant) structure. It was observed that the presence of time fractality eases the modeling of viscoelastic/capillary-porous bodies resulting in the universal relaxation function of a rather simple kind. In particular, for the scale-invariant distribution of relaxation characteristics medium, the application of algebraic relaxation law for viscoelastic/capillary-porous materials is possible: this resulting in rheological models and state equations with the derivatives of fractional order.
Statement of the problem of simulation of shear processes in low-colusion plastics oils
Authors: Solodei Ivan , Petrenko Eduard , Pavlenko Vasyl'
Published: August 2023

The article deals with the issue of modelling shear processes in plastic soils. The peculiarity and main difficulty of modelling landslide processes is the need to take into account a large number of various natural and technogenic influences on the slope, each of which can significantly affect its overall stability. It is also important to take into account not only the current state of the slope but also the forecasting of factors that may affect it over time. In this case, it may be justified to create complex models that include several interconnected sub-models to describe various physical phenomena. Considering the complexity of calculations to determine the stability of the slope or shear pressure on engineering protection structures, it is not surprising that all calculation methods rely on some assumptions when building calculation models to describe physical phenomena and reduce the complexity of calculations. However, it should be noted that the modelling of the non-linear behaviour of soils and the use of models that more accurately describe physical phenomena and processes occurring on slopes can significantly affect the results of calculations.
The article presents the main relationships of the mathematical model of elastic-plastic deformation of soils. The given ratios allow taking into account such phenomena as dilatancy and contraction, which makes it possible to more accurately model the stress-strain state of the soil medium, the distribution of pressure in the soil, taking into account the change in physical and mechanical properties during the deformation process.
In the article, the finite element method is chosen as the most effective method of numerical modelling of shear processes. Certain aspects of the implementation of calculations based on a complex model and the justification for determining the coefficient of slope stability within the framework of this method are presented.
Sources and Prevalence of Aflatoxin B1 in Different Rice Paddies of Punjab and Sindh, Pakistan
Authors: Adrees Usman , Afzal Imran , Chaudhary Ahmed Shabbir , Zia Ramna , Ali Kashif , Chaudary Hassan shabbir
Published: August 2023

Rice is a major cash crop used all over world. The hygroscopic nature of rice kernel with warm and fumic conditions is favorable to enhance the growth and development of toxigenic fungi which produce mycotoxins. This study estimates the prevalence of aflatoxin B1 in different rice paddies collected from twelve regions of the Punjab and Sindh provinces of Pakistan. All the samples were analyzed for their phenotypic characteristics (appearance, odor, and grain length). Competitive Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA) was used to evaluate AFB1, both before and after applying the steam decontamination procedure to detoxify aflatoxin contamination. Cultural assay was used to find the source of aflatoxin. PDA and SDA agar were used to detect aflatoxin producing fungal species. Lactophenol Cotton Blue (LCB) staining was used for microscopic identification of fungal contaminants. Paddies from most regions appeared yellowish in color and odorless with the exception of Hafizabad, Jhang, Sheikhupura, and Gujarat (in Punjab), where they appeared blackish yellow in color and with a pungent smell. According to the results, 43 (61.42%) samples were detected with aflatoxin B1 out of 70 samples, with an average of 15.86±1.7 ug/kg, before treating with seam. After treatment with steam, 7 (10%) samples were detected with aflatoxin B1, with an average of 2.55±1.51 ug/kg. Most regions showed the presence of P. chrysogenum with the exception of R.Y. Khan, which showed the presence of A. niger. Steam, on average, reduced aflatoxin to 51.42%. The current study indicates that steam is an effective treatment to eradicate aflatoxin at industrial level. New approaches may be explored to target the contaminants in order to ensure food safety.
Facing the Facts About Test Score Gaps
Authors: Connor Gregory
Published: August 2023

I review a diverse collection of research findings on differences in average intelligence test scores between socially defined racial groups and argue that these test score gaps are partly attributable to genetic variation across biogeographic ancestries such as African, East Asian, and European ancestries. I focus on the U.S. Black-white test score gap for which the evidence is most comprehensive. The strictly enforced public dogma that the causes of the Black-white test score gap are entirely environmental is no longer empirically plausible given currently available evidence. Other race-related test score gaps may also have a genetic component. I then confront the sensitive public policy question of whether these findings should be openly acknowledged or suppressed.
Nuevas tendencias en educación integral en la universidad. Una revisión sistemática según la Declaración PRISMA
Authors: Rodriguez Avila Yildret , Moncada-Navas Francia
Published: August 2023

El objetivo de este trabajo es determinar las tendencias actuales sobre FI que actualmente desarrollan las IES, reportadas en la literatura científica. La metodología empleada obedece a una revisión sistemática de artículos científicos depositados en tres bases de datos como Web of Science (WoS), EbscoHost y Scopus, a través de un diseño bibliométrico que se ajusta a la Declaración Prisma. Para ello se estableció una ecuación de búsqueda con sus respectivos booleanos. Se establecieron los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Los resultados demuestran que sí existen tendencias asociadas a la FI y que no necesariamente encajan con el concepto tradicional. Esas tendencias son: la investigación, competencias para el desempeño profesional, competencias genéricas académicas que incluyen habilidades transversales como la comunicación efectiva, el pensamiento crítico, la resolución de problemas y la capacidad de aprendizaje autónomo, el aprendizaje colaborativo, la educación holística, los modelos de tutorías y seguimiento personalizado, las comunidades de aprendizaje, las competencias éticas y la educación moral, el trabajo con comunidades, las competencias globales e interculturales y la incorporación de la tecnología. Se concluye que la FI en las universidades se ha ido ajustando a expectativas cónsonas con los tiempos y necesidades contextuales de esta época, aunque no se abandona del todo el principio holístico de humanidad.
Pemahaman Aksara Jepang Dasar melalui Shoudo
Authors: Hoftman Rainhard Oliver , Xaviera Beby Fitri , Zulaeha Elli Rahmawati , Najmudin Onin
Published: August 2023

Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat di sekolah ini bermula dari banyaknya acara-acara kejepangan di sekolah-sekolah. Acara tersebut mengangkat budaya Jepang seperti anime, cosplay, film Jepang, dan masakan Jepang. Dari kondisi tersebut terlihat bahwa keingintahuan tentang budaya Jepang disekitar kampus sangat besar. Ditambah lagi dengan meningkatnya industri Jepang di sekitar wilayah Bekasi, seiring dengan meningkatnya penjualan makanan bernuansa kejepangan.  Untuk mengakomodir kondisi tersebut diadakanlah pengabdian penulisan huruf Jepang melalui shoudo atau kaligrafi Jepang. Dengan kegiatan ini diharapkan para siswa yang mempunyai keingintahuan untuk belajar Jepang, mempunyai pijakan yang kuat dengan menguasai huruf-huruf Jepang. Dalam mempelajari bahasa Jepang, huruf mempunyai peranan penting. Huruf-huruf bahasa Jepang adalah hiragana, katakana dan kanji. Kesemua huruf tersebut wajib dikuasai dalam mempelajari bahasa Jepang. Dalam shodou huruf-huruf tersebut dipakai untuk mengekspresikan keindahan aksara Jepang. Kata-kata seperti gunung・ yama山, air・ mizu　水, dan tanah ・tsuchi 土merupakan bentuk-bentuk kanji sederhana yang dipergunakan dalam PkM ini. Siswa-siswi yang mengikuti PkM ini berjumlah 30 orang dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok. Hasil dari penulisan aksara Jepang, dipresentasikan di depan kelas, memaparkan kesulitan dalam penulisan melalui shoudou. Antusias mereka terlihat ketika pembelajaran berlangsung huruf-huruf yang mereka tulis, ditulis berulang-ulang sampai mereka benar-benar mengetahui dengan baik.
Challenges and needs of women in prison: a study on social and health factors
Authors:   Frankfurt University of Applied Sciences, Stöver Heino , Mukasheva D.D. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: August 2023

This scientific article presents a comprehensive study on the challenges and needs of women in prison, with a focus on social and health-related factors. The research aims to identify key problems faced by incarcerated women, analyze the social and economic factors contributing to their difficult situations, assess HIV infection rates, and evaluate HIV prevention activities within the prison system. The study employed a mixed-methods approach, utilizing a formalized questionnaire consisting primarily of closed and semi-closed questions. Data collection was conducted online using the Google Forms platform, and the research database was processed using SPSS for statistical analysis. The survey was conducted from July to November 2021, involving 63 female respondents from Almaty city and Almaty region in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The findings reveal significant issues affecting women in prison. The majority of respondents were women of reproductive age, and a substantial portion had multiple convictions, indicating challenges in resocialization efforts. The lack of identity documents emerged as a critical social and economic factor hindering successful reintegration. Additionally, acceptance by society after release was found to be a major concern, especially for those without contact with their relatives and close individuals. Regarding health indicators, the study highlights the prevalence of HIV and viral hepatitis B and C among incarcerated women. It emphasizes the need for targeted therapeutic activities and monitoring to address the specific needs of this population. The analysis also exposes the absence of compulsory systematic examinations by healthcare professionals in the prison system, particularly pertaining to gynecological and mammological care. The research contributes to the Sustainable Development Goals by aiming to achieve health and wellness for all and to end discrimination against women and girls. It provides insights into the challenges faced by women in prison, guiding the development of policies and interventions to enhance their resocialization, health outcomes, and overall well-being.
Effect of Oxide Presence in Activated Carbon on Arsenic Removal
Authors:   Department of Physics, Royal University of Phnom Penh, Phnom Penh, Cambodia, Vong Thearak , Phat Korea ,   Department of Physics, Royal University of Phnom Penh, Phnom Penh, Cambodia, Lee Seunghee ,   Department of Physics, Royal University of Phnom Penh, Phnom Penh, Cambodia, Kang Shinhoo ,   Department of Physics, Royal University of Phnom Penh, Phnom Penh, Cambodia, Oh Jinhwan ,   Graduate School of International Studies, Ewha Woman’s University, Seoul, Korea
Published: August 2023

This study investigated the effect of oxides on the removal of As when present in simple mixtures with granular activated carbon (GAC) particles. The performance of these mixtures was compared with other reported GAC-based adsorbents. A standard curve for ultraviolet adsorption vs. As concentration was obtained using the silver diethyldithiocarbamate (SDDC) method to evaluate various samples. A preliminary study was carried out to find the optimal conditions for experiments. For 50 mL samples with 2.35 ppm As, the optimal values of pH, adsorption time, and amount of adsorbent were pH 7, 30 min, and 50 mg, respectively. The ratio between the amount of adsorbent and well water in this study showed a superior As adsorption capacity (1 g/L, 2.1 mg/g) compared to similar adsorbents reported previously (12.5 g/L, 1.0-1.4 mg/g). Among the adsorbents, KOH-treated AC-Mn3O4 exhibited the best performance in As removal with an efficiency of ~95%. The oxide particles had a synergistic effect with GAC on As removal. This was primarily due to the change in the potential of partially agglomerated nano Mn3O4 particles on the ACK surface. The influence of the surface area of the adsorbents was not pronounced. All results were explained in terms of microstructure, specific surface area, and zeta potential. This finding could be extended to other activated carbons (AC) obtained from different sources.
Volunteer Activities of Students from Transcarpathia during the Russian-Ukrainian War of 2022
Authors: Pallay К. , Markos V. , Fényes Н.
Published: August 2023

Introduction. Under the influence of increased individual and social responsibility, as well as global and local challenges, volunteering as a responsible social role and a form of active social activity began to develop rapidly in Ukraine. During the Russian-Ukrainian war of 2022, Transcarpathian youth played a major role as volunteers, helping refugees in Transcarpathia, on the Ukrainian-Hungarian border, and in Hungary. Purpose. The authors of the article have investigated the young volunteers’ experience before the war, the characteristics of their volunteer activities during the war, and their motivation for the volunteer activity in order to find out the possible positive outcome of their activities. Methods. In the research, the authors have carried out the theme analysis by conducting semi-structured interviews with young volunteers from Transcarpathia. In addition to the theme analysis along the interviews, they also prepared a type-analysis and differentiated between three volunteer-types (regular volunteers with altruistic motivations, regular volunteers with mixed motivations, and occasional volunteers with mixed motivations). Results. The most important result of the research is that young volunteers from Transcarpathia are characterized by strong solidarity for the Ukrainian refugees despite the social tension arising as a result of the war. Another important finding may be that the group of respondents who only started to volunteer during the war might be open to helping others also in the future, and as a result, the culture of volunteering may spread even more in the examined area. Conclusion. Despite all the difficulties and social tensions caused by the war, Transcarpathian young people actively participated in voluntary work and successfully completed the tasks assigned to them.
COVID-19 Experiences of International Students in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
Authors: Garg Ajay , Rosada Raymundo , Ariken Jay
Published: August 2023

This study looked into the lived experiences of international students during the COVID-19 pandemic in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.  The research focused on how international students viewed the COVID-19 pandemic, their personal, social, economic, health and hygiene, and schooling experiences.   A validated and reliable researchers-made questionnaire was used.  Weighted means and Fisher’s Exact Hypothesis Testing on Association were used to analyze the responses of the international students. The researchers used Fisher’s exact test since they wanted to know whether the proportions for one variable were different among values of the other variable. Foreign students had a solid grasp of the potential risks COVID-19 posed and accepted the associated lockdown requirements. The survey results indicated that the students’ nationality played a vital role in their perception of their financial health and well-being. Students were insecure with their accommodation, expenses, and scheduling.  Lastly, they also felt alone, and economically challenged.
The Effect of Electronic Portfolio Use on Pre-Service Elementary Teachers' Academic Achievement Levels and Self-Efficacy Beliefs Regarding the Teaching Process
Authors: Ayaz Mahmut , Gök Bilge , Gülen Salih
Published: August 2023

It is important to use technology in the education of teacher candidates in higher education in Turkey. These technology uses also affect the cognitive development of teacher candidates. It is necessary for pre-service teachers to use an electronic portfolio, one of the technological developments, and to determine the effects of this on the pre-service teacher. This study aims to determine the effect of using an electronic portfolio on pre-service elementary teachers' academic achievement levels and self-efficacy beliefs regarding the teaching process. A mixed-method approach involving 61 participants lasted for 14 weeks with volunteer pre-service teachers participating. Through parametric test techniques, and descriptive and content analysis, findings from this study showed that the use of e-portfolio positively affected the self-efficacy beliefs and academic achievement levels of pre-service elementary teachers. In addition, a linear relationship was found between self-efficacy beliefs and academic achievement. It is important to have infrastructure and technological competencies in similar studies.
DIGITAL TRADE TRANSFORMATION: PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTORS
Authors:   Western Ukrainian National University, Shevchenko Iryna
Published: August 2023

In recent years, the issue of the transformation of digital trade has occupied a leading position among scientists who study the issues of the digital economy, digitization and digital trade. The profound impact of digital transformation has led to a change in consumer behavior, leading to a significant increase in online shopping and the adoption of digital commerce. This has resulted in businesses quickly investing in digital infrastructure and capabilities. The digital transformation of commerce is currently a necessity for business in the world. In the work, a study of the transformation of digital trade was carried out by creating an additional department for the development of digital trade. In recent years, the issue of the transformation of digital trade has occupied a leading position among scientists who study the issues of the digital economy, digitization and digital trade. In order to achieve the goal of the research, the author revealed the most significant obstacles that arise and need to be dealt with in the conditions of digitalization of trade. The author identifies five obstacles: silos in organizations, a culture of caution, insufficient resources, gaps in digital skills, and insufficient business and IT resources. The main challenges included in the obstacles are also revealed in the study. In today's conditions, it is necessary to be aware of the potential benefits and necessity of digital transformations and the feasibility of implementation as a result of such implementation. The author suggested introducing a digital trade development department into the Ministry of Digital Transformation of Ukraine. It is a subsidiary structure of the government to promote and coordinate the promotion and coordination of government actions to ensure the development of digital trade by promoting digital transformation and modernization of the country through digital technologies. In the direction of further research, it is worth indicating the disclosure of the functioning of the digital trade development department.
SECTORAL PRIORITY OF RURAL GREEN TOURISM
Authors:   National University of Food Technologies, Gutkevych Svitlana , Haba Myroslava ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Korniienko Inna ,   Higher education institution "International University of Finance"
Published: August 2023

The article examines the concept of rural green tourism, its role and significance, identifies the specifics of the rural green tourism development, their impact on tourism and the economy of Ukraine. Tourism contributes to the inflow of financial resources into the country, which brings income not only to tourism firms, but also provides tax revenues to the budget, increases demand for products and services, thereby stimulating the development of related industries. One of the most prioritized is rural green tourism, as it contributes to solving social and economic problems in villages, which is characteristic of modern Ukraine. In modern conditions of the Ukrainian economy development, the structure of the tourism industry is changing due to the development of promising types of tourism, including rural green tourism. This is a specific form of recreation in the countryside, which has wide possibilities of using the natural, material and cultural potential of certain regions.
Teenage Pregnancy Prevention: An Observational Study
Authors:   Miami University, USA, Flinders Brooke A. , Gilb Katelyn E. ,   Miami University, USA
Published: August 2023

The Department of Health and Human Services began administering a Teen Pregnancy Prevention (TPP) program through what is now the Office of Population Affairs in 2010 (DHHS, 2021). Via replication of approved, evidence-based programs, sexual education was administered to teens across the country with the goals of preventing teen pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections (DHHS, 2021). One funded program delivered the TPP curriculum in community-based settings across southwestern Ohio for four years, using undergraduate nursing students as facilitators. The program served 1,642 females, ages 15-19. The objectives were to gather data on baseline knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, intentions, and perceptions related to sexual health in a target population and examine trends in knowledge at 12-months post-intervention. Identical surveys were distributed at baseline and 12 months post-intervention. Survey questions from the original instruments were assigned to one of nine categories for a more focused exploration of critical topics. Teens’ perceptions of risk did not align with the risky behaviors reported. Healthcare providers must work to find ways to address feelings of invincibility in teens before other educational efforts may be effective. Implications for Nursing: Ongoing evaluation of target populations is necessary to ensure effective programming. Keywords: Teen pregnancy prevention, sexually transmitted infection, women’s health, sex education
Breastfeeding Practices: Positioning, Attachment, and Awareness of Colostrum Feeding among Postnatal Mothers: A Hospital-Based Mixed Methods Study
Authors:   Institute of Health Management and Research, India, R Subha , Roy Mrinmoy ,   Institute of Health Management and Research, India
Published: August 2023

One of the most effective ways to ensure a child’s health and survival is breastfeeding. Colostrum feeding, positioning, and attachment play an important role in breastfeeding whereas poor breastfeeding technique leads to premature discontinuation of breastfeeding, poor milk transfer, Breast engorgement and the absence of colostrum during feeding might lead to an increase in the risk of infection. The current study aimed to assess positioning and attachment during breastfeeding among postnatal mothers, create awareness of colostrum feeding, and identify the factors associated with improper positioning and poor attachment. A Hospital-based mixed-methods study was conducted in August 2022 and September 2022 for 2 months in a tertiary hospital in Karur District, Tamil Nadu. In the quantitative phase, 114 Postnatal mothers breastfeeding techniques were continuously observed based on the World Health Organization’s Baby-friendly hospital initiative, and Infant and young child feeding (IYCF) criteria were adopted and grades were given. In the qualitative phase, 40 staff nurses and 12 pediatricians were selected to state the action points to improve poor breastfeeding practices. The mean rank and Kendall’s Concordance coefficient were used to calculate the data. Around 20.5% and 21.4% of Postnatal mothers demonstrated improper positioning and poor attachment, respectively. Primipara mothers, less than 15-day-old infants, and failure to receive breastfeeding counseling were associated with poor breastfeeding practices. They deserve more attention, support, and direction for effective breastfeeding. Awareness of colostrum feeding should be created through poster displays, and its importance should be stressed by healthcare workers to postnatal mothers. The action points need to be prioritized and implemented to achieve a baby friendly hospital in the district. Keywords: positioning, attachment, breastfeeding, colostrum, postnatal