bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Breves considerações sobre Hiroshi Saito e as diferenças institucionais entre a Escola de Sociologia e Política e a Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras no período de estruturação das Ciências Sociais em São Paulo
Authors: Fantin Jader Tadeu
Published: January 2021

Este artigo defende o desenvolvimento de um estudo biobibliográfico sobre Hiroshi Saito para demonstrar o valor intrínseco de sua produção e a sua contribuição para a edificação das Ciências Sociais em São Paulo. Japonês, imigrante na década de 1930, em São Paulo torna-se importante figura no meio acadêmico na Escola Livre de Sociologia e Política (ELSP). O contexto de sua produção intelectual carrega um debate que se construiu com a estruturação das Ciências Sociais em São Paulo. Estavam presentes epistemologias distintas e divergências entre a ELSP e a FFCL - Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras da USP, o que se evidencia na narrativa dominante das Ciências Sociais que qualifica algumas produções em detrimento de outras. A realização deste estudo poderá contribuir para a narrativa das Ciências Sociais em São Paulo, valorizando, acrescentando e rediscutindo elementos no seu período de estruturação.
Antropologia e sociologia das emoções no Brasil: uma resenha
Authors: Bernardo Aristides Ariel
Published: January 2021

Resenha da obra: KOURY, Mauro Guilherme Pinheiro; BARBOSA, Raoni Borges. Da subjetividade às emoções: A antropologia e a sociologia das emoções no Brasil. Cadernos do GREM, nº 07, Recife: Bagaço, 2015.
Racionais Cronistas Urbanos: intersecções entre trajetórias e música
Authors: Nunes Matheus caracho
Published: January 2021

Neste ensaio trabalho as conexões que as músicas dos Racionais Mc’s tiveram com minha infância e de meus amigos em um bairro de classe média de uma cidade do interior de São Paulo. Para compreender as transformações de nossas vidas e das letras do grupo, observo principalmente a trajetória de uma família negra e pobre. O final dos anos 1990 até os dias de hoje são o pano de fundo dessa história que é observada à luz de músicas e textos trabalhados na disciplina Sociologia Urbana, ministrada pelo Professor Gabriel Feltran no segundo semestre de 2017. O objetivo principal é compreender como as letras e músicas dos Racionais Mc’s dialogam com a vida de pessoas de diferentes lugares e gerações. O trabalho é amparado por observação participante e pelo resgate de memórias e situações vividas pelo autor.
Dos consultórios às delegacias: o corpo travesti no cinema da boca do lixo paulistana.
Authors: Dos Santos Dionys Melo
Published: January 2021

O objetivo geral desta investigação é analisar, através do método comparativo, o processo de representação das travestis e transexuais dentro do ciclo cinematográfico da boca do lixo paulistana. Para tanto, propõe-se trabalhar com as seguintes obras filmográficas organizadas segundo sua data de produção: O sexo dos anormais (Alfredo Sternheim, 1984); O viciado em c... (Roberto Fedegoso pseudônimo de David Cardoso, 1984) e sua continuação Novas sacanagens do viciado em c... (Idem, 1985). Serão esses filmes listados acima alguns dos primeiros a apresentar cenas de sexo explícito com atrizes travestis no Brasil.
As complexidades de Josephine Baker: a arte e o corpo como recursos representacionais eficientes.
Authors: Santos Hasani
Published: January 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivo expressar, por meio da produção da atriz e artista Josephine Baker, a relevância sociológica do corpo dentro das formações discursivas, relações de poder e de tensão que estão circunscritas na narrativa da modernidade ocidental e colonialista, com recorte analítico na população afro-diaspórica e pós-colonial. Josephine Baker nos faz perceber de maneira sofisticada como seu corpo negro, racializado se formalizou e se inseriu na política cultural de maneira refinada, complexa e conflitante, nos fazendo indagar sobre os regimes de representação do domínio cultural do séc. XX. É por meio da complexidade de Josephine Baker que esses fenômenos sociológicos podem ser entendidos.
Improvement of the Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) and Evaluation of Challenges
Authors: Gaines Nancy Goni
Published: January 2021

To benchmark the performance of the Bus System (BS), Performance Measurement Systems (PMSs) should be used. In that regard, this contribution reviews the advancement of the standard PMSs used globally: Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). This research will further identify the BS that has a record of effective performance throughout their operations. With reference from the experiences in benchmarking, we have presented a literature review of KPIs and evaluated inputs to confirm that KPIs are a standardized approach used to compare and identify the performances of best practices for BS participation. The practical experience with the systems haspotentially identified various critical issues in collecting comparable and consistent data. Dealing with these issues, giving the comparable information and undertaking essential study to comprehend and point out the basis for effective performance is considered a process which provides lessons for considerable benchmarking practices. This paper further evaluates the rules of the benchmarking processes, the PMSs of the BS, the overall challenges faced when collecting data andlastly, the findings of the benchmarking practice.
Editorial
Authors: Salcedo Beltrán Carmen
Published: January 2021

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Protección social del servicio doméstico desde una perspectiva de género
Authors: Benito Benítez María Angustias
Published: January 2021

En una actividad en la que las mujeres representan más del 90% de los trabajadores, resulta indiscutible que su regulación debe superar el filtro del principio de igualdad y no discriminación por razón de sexo.  El estudio que se presenta tiene por objetivo abordar la protección social del servicio al hogar familiar integrando la dimensión de género. Resulta esencial dado que quizás sea esta actividad la que en mayor medida la formulación de la Seguridad Social ha sido determinante en la generación de la brecha de género que ha caracterizado (aún hoy) al servicio doméstico. La reforma que tuvo lugar en 2011 se presentaba como un innegable avance en el plano formal que debía de propiciar el correlativo progreso material. Nos dispondremos a analizar en qué medida se está logrando tales objetivos, así como las carencias y reticencias que aún subsisten y que obstaculizan alcanzar o, al menos, impulsar la igualdad de oportunidades.
Retos futuros en la protección integral desde el sistema de la Seguridad Social de las trabajadoras del hogar
Authors: Trillo García Andrés Ramón
Published: January 2021

El trabajo tiene por objeto estudiar la situación actual de la protección por la Seguridad Social de los empleados de hogar, indicando las especialidades de esta protección en relación con el resto de los trabajadores. En segundo lugar se apuntan líneas de reforma en orden a la homologación total del régimen jurídico de la Seguridad Social de este tipo de trabajadores con respectos al resto del régimen general.
El papel de la Inspección de Trabajo y Seguridad Social en el control del cumplimiento de la normativa aplicable
Authors: Fernández González Cristina
Published: January 2021

La Inspección de Trabajo y Seguridad Social tiene como misión la vigilancia y exigencia del cumplimiento de la normativa vigente en el orden social, también la normativa reguladora de la relación laboral del servicio del hogar familiar, así como las normas relativas al sistema especial de la seguridad social de los empleados de hogar, convirtiéndose así en instrumento garante de su eficacia normativa.

El artículo pretende analizar las peculiaridades de la actuación inspectora en estas relaciones y las conductas que pueden ser constitutivas de infracción en todas las dimensiones de la actuación inspectora.
Los pronunciamientos del comité DESC sobre Derecho a la Vivienda relativos a España. Respuestas jurisprudenciales y legislativas
Authors: Benito Sánchez Juan Carlos
Published: January 2021

Este artículo examina los pronunciamientos del Comité de Derechos Económicos, Sociales y Culturales de Naciones Unidas (Comité DESC) sobre el derecho a la vivienda relativos a España y adoptados en el período 2017–2018, en particular en cuanto a los desalojos forzosos. Destaca, por su importancia y novedad, el dictamen del Comité DESC en el caso Ben Djazia et al. Seguidamente, se exponen y analizan las novedades jurisprudenciales y legislativas estatales en conexión con estos pronunciamientos, con el fin de evaluar si estas respuestas siguen la línea marcada por el Comité DESC e incorporan las garantías que rodean al derecho a una vivienda adecuada en Derecho internacional y europeo de los derechos humanos.
Cristóbal Molina Navarrete, Indemnizaciones disuasorias, nueva garantía de efectividad de la tutela social: entre retórica judicial prácticas innovadoras. Bomarzo, Albacete, 2019
Authors: Salcedo Beltrán Carmen
Published: January 2021

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Luis Andrés Cucarella Galiana. Derecho a la igualdad, prohibición de discriminación y Jurisdicción. Wolters Kluwer, 2019.
Authors: Jimena Quesada Luis
Published: January 2021

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Tawil, Emmanuel, Droit des cultes et des congrégations, Paris, Juris éditions, 2019
Authors: Belorgey Jean Michel
Published: January 2021

El Derecho de los cultos y las confesiones religiosas sigue siendo poco conocido, pese a la importancia creciente del debate que suscita en la sociedad francesa. No se limita al principio constitucional de laicidad, cuyo significado no fue determinado por el Consejo Constitucional hasta 2013. El culto no se circunscribe únicamente a las ceremonias religiosas, sino que se refiere al conjunto de vida religiosa católica y su equivalente en los otros cultos reconocidos antes de la Ley de 9 de diciembre de 1905, a saber, protestantes e israelitas. Ahora bien, esta noción se aplica hoy a todos los cultos, incluso cuando su implantación haya sido más reciente. En el ámbito de los cultos, es posible que existan congregaciones religiosas, es decir, grupos de personas físicas, colocadas bajo la autoridad de un superior religioso, y respetando una regla.

El Derecho de los cultos y las confesiones religiosas presenta características generales bastante diferentes de las que se perciben habitualmente. Muestra una diversidad territorial significativa, en el sentido de que existen seis regímenes de cultos diferentes.

Las normas que se aplican no son las mismas según el culto en cuestión. El régimen de control público (policía administrativa, tutela, etc.) y del apoyo público (tratamiento de los religiosos, régimen fiscal, edificios de culto de dominio público) es central, mientras que la cooperación entre el Estado y las confesiones religiosas no cesa de reforzarse. Esta obra está dedicada a todos los regímenes de los cultos y las confesiones religiosas, a la luz de la normativa y la jurisprudencia más recientes.
OBTENCIÓN DE PRODUCTOS FRUTÍCOLAS DESHIDRATADOS; TOMATE DE ÁRBOL (CYPOMANDRA BETACEA L) Y GUAYABA (PSIDIUM GUAJABA L), MEDIANTE EL EMPLEO DE UN SECADOR SOLAR CON COLECTOR PLANO
Authors: Enríquez Miguel Ángel
Published: January 2021

El presente trabajo pretende obtener tomate de árbol (Cyphomandra betacea L) y guayaba (Psidium guajaba L) deshidratados a través de la utilización de técnicas de deshidratación combinadas, por osmosis y secado.  Mediante la utilización de un deshidratador  con un colector plano, se seca la fruta en una etapa de madurez óptima y a condiciones variables se obtiene un producto de buena apariencia. A tal fin que interviene una osmo - deshidratación con sacarosa al 50 % y la deshidratación solar permite alcanzar el objetivo primordial de mejorar la calidad, por lo tanto, las propiedades se conservarían más cercanas a las del producto  fresco, al mismo tiempo se establece parámetros de operación y estándares de secado. En la investigación se aplica un diseño bifactorial donde A es el tiempo de deshidratado (4, 5, 6 días) y B es el volumen de la fruta expuesta al deshidratador solar (2 y 4 kg) existiendo 3 repeticiones con lo que se obtiene un total de 18 tratamientos por cada fruta estudiada. Las respuestas experimentales analizadas son: contenido de proteína, fibra, sólidos, cenizas y humedad de la fruta deshidratada. Los resultados estadísticos muestran que el mejor tratamiento para el tomate de árbol es A2B2 (5 días 4 kg) y para la guayaba A1B1 (4dias y 2 kg). La evaluación sensorial se basó en la aceptabilidad que los catadores evalúan a los 2 tratamientos como aceptables.
Incidence, Indications, and Risk Factors of Reopening After Cardiac Surgery in Tertiary Cardiac Center, Sudan: Retrospective Observational Study
Authors:   6th year medical student, faculty of medicine, university of Khartoum, Sudan, Gadeltayeb Fatimah Azhari Gasmalla , Malik Elfatih M ,   Assistant Professor, faculty of medicine, university of Khartoum, Sudan, Elnur Elamin E ,   Consultant cardiovascular surgeon, Assistant Professor, faculty of medicine, University of Bahari, Sudan
Published: January 2021

Background: Chest re-opening after cardiac surgery is a surgical approach that is performed for diagnosis and management of some postoperative complications. The rate of reopening varies from 2% to 6% of patients undergoing cardiac surgery. The most frequent indication for reopening, followed by cardiac tamponade, cardiac arrest and redo surgery. Several risk factors have been associated with reopening such as, age, sex, BMI, NYHA class, diabetes mellitus, cardiopulmonary bypass and aortic cross clamp time. The aim of this study is to determine the incidence, indications, and risk factors of reopening after cardiac surgery. Methods: In this retrospective observational study, a total of consecutive 638 patients who underwent cardiac surgery in Ahmed Gasim cardiac center in 2017 were included. Results: The incidence of reopening was found to be 61 per 1000 in all age groups, 90 per 1000 in adults, and 34 per 1000 in paediatrics. Out of 39 reopening cases, Bleeding was found to be the most frequent indication of reopening. multivariate analysis by logistic regression revealed that, having NYHA class II odd ratio OR = 24.767 (95% confidence interval CI = 1.048 – 585.3), past cardiac surgery OR = 13.9(95% CI = 1.013 – 193.3), having diabetes mellitus OR = 4.885 (95% CI = 1.251 –19.056 ),longer cardiopulmonary bypass time OR = 1.012 (95% CI = 1.00 – 1.024), preoperative aspirin OR = 3.528 (95% CI = 1.062 – 11.720), and warfarin OR = 12.790 (95% CI = 1.594 – 102.3) all are associated with increased risk of reopening after cardiac surgery. Conclusion : Incidence of reopening in Sudan was relatively higher than the international records. Reopening was mostly performed for postoperative bleeding management. Cardiac failure assessed by NYHA classification, previous cardiac surgery, diabetes mellitus, anti thrombotic therapy and longer bypass time were associated with increased risk of reopening
Brucellar Pericarditis: You Can Get from Your Pet!
Authors:   Department of Cardiology, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt, Shawky Abeer M
Published: January 2021

Background: Brucellosis is a worldwide zoonotic systemic infectious disease with a diverse clinical presentation. Cardiovascular affections are not frequent, and the main cardiac manifestation of Bru-cellosis is endocarditis. Pericarditis without endocarditis is extremely rare. Case Presentation: In this case report, we present an exceptional case of pericarditis caused by Brucellosis in the absence of concomitant endocarditis in a 30-year-old woman, one-month postpar-tum, from the countryside. The lady presented with night sweats, mild fever, weight loss, dyspnea and chest pain. A diagnostic workup revealed positive titers for Brucella, indicating that the patient was suffering from systemic Brucellosis. The patient recovered completely, after receiving appropri-ate oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory and dual antibiotics treatment, and responded well without any sign of relapse during a six month follow-up period. Conclusion: Pericarditis can occur during Brucellosis as an isolated cardiac symptom. Brucellar per-icarditis should always be kept in mind in patients with pericarditis and pericardial effusion, alt-hough the prevalence of pericarditis in Brucellosis is very low.
Toxicological and Positive Changes in Hematological Pattern of Albino Rats Treated with Termitomyces Titanicus: Potential Valorization of an Indigenous Practice in the Treatment of Oris Cancrum (Noma) in Nigeria
Authors:   Phytobiotechnology Research Foundation Institute, Bamenda, P.O. Box 921, Bamenda, Cameroon & Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Imo State University, Owerri, Nigeria, Anchang Kenneth Yongabi , Oko Augustine ,   Department of Biotechnology, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria, Richard Seino ,   Faculty of Science, University of Bamenda, Cameroon
Published: January 2021

A neglected disease affecting many malnourished children and immunosuppressed patients in sub Saharan Africa is noma caused mainly by Fusobacterium necrophorum. Poverty and malnutrition are highly implicated in the epidemiology, prevalence and poor management of noma. Local mushroomsof the gens Termitomyces have been used in parts of northern Nigeria and Cameroon to improve health of noma patients, but detail studies to authenticate the effect of this medicinal mushroom on specific chronic diseases such as noma remain inadequate. Blood transfusion remains one of the critical palliative care strategies to manage anemia in noma disease. The current preliminary study was undertaken to establish the effect of a strain of termitomyces titanicus mushroom, which has been used in Nigerian and Cameroonian folk medicine in Itas Gadau Local government and parts of Bauchi State and North west Region respectively for the management of anemia, using hematological parameters such as hemoglobin level, white blood cell stabilization and packed cell volume of albino rats and also to ascertain its safety for consumption using liver enzyme profiling. The results indicated that rats treated with Termitomyces titanicus had a higher hemoglobin level (12.2 g/dl) compared to a treatment with vitamin B complex (11.3 g/dl) and untreated (10.1 g/dl). A significant increase in the total white blood cell level (26300cells/mm3) was observed with rats treated with mushrooms compared with 7500 cells/mm3 for rats treated with vitamin B complex. Hematological parameters showed a significant difference amongst the test group compared with the controls group. The results further revealed that rats treated with termitomyces had a cleaner liver than with rats treated with vitamin B complex. The results authenticate the practice of using this mushroom in the local management of anemic conditions in Oris cancrum (noma) patients and other chronic disease conditions such as cancer
Gigantic Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans of the Scalp with Fibrosarcomatous Transformation
Authors:   Section of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Abdulrauf Badr M I , Al-Maghrabi Jaudah ,   Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Published: January 2021

Here we are reporting this rare and unfortunate presentation of Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) of the scalp. The patient was a 30 years old male from a remote area, with history of 4 previous surgical interventions. He was transferred directly to our surgical ICU with septicemia; anuria; severe anemia; and respiratory failure. Patient had a massive fungating infected tumor on his scalp. CT scan shown a subcutaneous scalp tumor with maximum diameter of 45 cm and adherence to occipital bone but no intracranial invasion. The tumor kept bleeding whenever the blood pressure maintained to optimum level. Patient had to be taken to the O.R joined with Neurosurgeon in attempt of surgical control of bleeding by elevating the tumor from its bed. Unfortunately, patient collapsed intra-operatively and despite extensive attempts of resuscitation by Anesthesia team, patient could not be salvaged. The final pathology was DFSP with malignant sarcomata’s transformation. To the best of our knowledge this is the largest reported DFSP case in the Head and Neck region, in English literature.
Genes Transfer is the Main Process for Prediction of a Drug or Vaccine Against SARS-C0V-2
Authors:   Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq, Dawood Ali Adel
Published: January 2021

Gene transfer is emerging as a method for a rapid response to the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic. Both experimental therapeutic solutions and vaccines are subject to preclinical and in some clinical cases. Many of these approaches make use of gene transfer techniques that, especially vaccines, allow a faster initial development pathway than conventional approaches. The unprecedented urgency of this global crisis may cause these antiviral drugs and genetic vaccines, if safe and effective, to be spread on a larger scale than anything else will be available for all people. Depending on the regulatory approval pathway, it may also happen at a pace never seen before in drug development as a result of gene transfer. Hopefully, in the coming days, the clinical trials of will end and the vaccines become available everywhere.
Program Against Cancer in Haiti
Authors:   BCNet International Working Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Dakar, Senegal, Mbaye El Hadji Seydou
Published: January 2021

Worldwide, one in eight deaths is due to cancer. Projections based on the GLOBOCAN 2012 estimates predict a substantive increase new cancer cases per year by 2035 in developing countries if preventive measures are not widely applied. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), millions of lives could be saved each year if countries made use of existing knowledge and the best cost-effective methods to prevent and treat cancer. Therefore, the aim of this study is to estimate a provisional budget against cancer in low and middle incomes countries, according the GNI-PPP, the cancer incidence and the number of population. Economically country classification is determining with the Gross national income (GNI), per capita, Purchasing power parity (PPP), according the administrations of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank (WB) and the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). Cancer incidence data presented are based on the most recent data available at IARC. However, population compares estimates from the US Bureau of the Census. The provisional budget is establishing among the guidelines developed by WHO for regional and national cancer control programs according to national economic development. Provisional budget against cancer is estimated to 36,642.980 (thousands of U.S $) for a population of 10,646,714 persons in Haiti.
Prophylactic Anti-Arthritic Effect of Cassia fistula in Murine Rheumatoid Arthritis Model
Authors: Farooq Hassan
Published: January 2021

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To Assess the Frequency of Different Clinical Presentations in Patients with Living Donor Liver Transplant Anastomotic Biliary Stricture
Authors: ul Haq Muhammad Israr
Published: January 2021

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Comparison of Oral Gabapentin Versus Control on Hemodynamic Response to Direct Laryngoscopy for Tracheal Intubation in Patients Undergoing Elective Surgery
Authors: Ali Syed Mehmood
Published: January 2021

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Comparison of Effect of Phenytoin & Phenobarbitone in Neonatal Seizures
Authors: Riaz Lubna
Published: January 2021

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Thyroid Screening in Pregnancy: Simple and Reliable
Authors: Hanif Shamayela
Published: January 2021

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Case Reports of Unusual Presentation of Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia
Authors: Riaz Lubna
Published: January 2021

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Effect of Ajinomoto (MSG) on Weight & Length of Uterine Tubes of Female Albino Rats
Authors: Ibrahim Sobia
Published: January 2021

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Antioxidant role of angiotensin converying engyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptors in an in vitro biochemical model
Authors: Ahmad Naseem Saud
Published: January 2021

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Factors affecting knowledge and utilization of contraceptive methods among women visiting gynecological out patient departments: A single centre study
Authors: Sadaqat Ameelia
Published: January 2021

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Frequency of QT Interval Prolongation in Chronic Liver Disease Patients
Authors: Khan Wali
Published: January 2021

Introduction: The frequency of QT interval prolongation as published in the international and local literature
has been variable. Aims & Objectives: To determine the frequency of QT interval prolongation in patients
with chronic liver disease and resolve the variability in the literature. Place and duration of study: The
present study was conducted in Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit Shaikh Zayed Hospital Lahore from
1st March 2017 to 31st August 2017. Material & Methods: About 240 patients with diagnosed chronic liver
disease were selected. Electrocardiography (12 lead) was performed in all patients to look for QT interval
prolongation and their mean was calculated for purpose of analysis. Results: Mean age of our patients was
53.7±11.9 and male gender was dominant (55.8%). It was noted that QT interval was prolonged in 62 patients
(25.8%) while rest of the 178 patients had normal QT interval. Conclusion: QT interval prolongation is
frequently observed (25.8%) in chronic liver disease patients. Therefore, every patient with chronic liver
disease should be investigated for QT interval prolongation.
Key words: Chronic liver disease, QT interval, Electrocardiography
Frequency of Various Bleeding Disorders Among
Gynecological and Obstetric Patients Presenting with
Bleeding
Authors: Aamer Fauzia
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Bleeding issues specific to women and adolescent females are common across the world.
These issues can present either due to gynecological causes or obstetric one; however these can result in
significant morbidity and work up needs to be done to rule out any underlying bleeding diathesis. Aims &
Objectives: To determine frequency of various bleeding disorders among gynecological and obstetric patients
presenting with bleeding. Place and duration of study: It is a cross sectional study which was conducted in
the Hematology Department, Services Institute of Medical Sciences, Lahore. The duration of study was 6
months i.e from 21st Oct, 2018 to 30th April, 2019. Material & Methods: Females with age range of 15 to 50
years irrespective of pregnancy presenting as menorrhagia, metrorrhagia or obstetrical bleeding were
included. Results: In the present study there were total 140 cases with mean age of 30.14±9.59 years. There
were 98 (70%) cases that were pregnant. There were 35 (25%) cases presented with PPH (Post Partum
Hemorrhage), 42 (30%) with IPH (Intra Partum Hemorrhage), 49 (35%) with menorrhagia and 14 (10%) with
metrorrhagia. HELLP (Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes and Low Platelet count) syndrome was seen in 13
(9.29%) cases, DIC (Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation) in 2 (1.43%), gestational thrombocytopenia in
7 (5%), while factor deficiency in 34 (24.29%) cases; and 84 (60%) of cases revealed none of the bleeding
disorder. Out of total 34 cases of factor deficiencies, vWD was the most common, seen in 20 (58.82%) cases.
There was none of the cases seen having deficiency of factor II, VII, VIII, XI, XII. HELLP syndrome was
seen in 11 (84.62%) of the cases with age group 15 to 32 years and similarly both cases of DIC were seen in
same age group; but the difference in both the age groups regarding these bleeding disorders was not
statistically significant with p= 0.38. There was no significant difference in terms of pregnancy; however,
both cases of DIC were seen in pregnancy with insignificant p value of 0.51. HELLP syndrome was more
seen in IPH affecting 5 (38.40%), factor deficiency in menorrhagia affecting 13 (38.2%) with p value of 0.61.
vWD and factor V Leiden presented in 44.4% cases each with PPH, and vWD affected 87.5% of cases in IPH
without any significant difference with p= 0.42. Conclusion: Bleeding disorders are not uncommon in
gynecological and obstetric conditions. Factor deficiency were the most common causes and amongst these
vWD was the most deficient factor. There was no significant association with any confounding variable;
however, DIC was only seen in obstetrical conditions.
Key words: Bleeding, menorrhagia, HELLP, DIC, IPH, PPH
Problem Based Learning: Learning from the Experiences of Medical Students
Authors: Sethi Ahsan
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Problem based learning (PBL) is student centered learning approach that has been implemented in many medical colleges. Since the literature has controversial takes on the utility of PBL, exploring student perspectives might share insights on the contextual merits and demerits of PBL approach.

Aims & Objectives: To evaluate experience of medical students regarding PBL in hybrid integrated curriculum.

Place and duration of study: May to June 2018 at two medical colleges of Lahore (Shalamar Medical College & University College of Medicine and Dentistry.

Material & Methods: Descriptive cross sectional study conducted in May to June 2018 at two medical colleges. Sample size was 188 students of 1st and 2nd year MBBS of Institute 1 and 110 students of 1st and 2nd year MBBS of Institute 2. Pre validated questionnaire was distributed and students were asked to record their experience about PBL using a 5-point’s Likert scale. Data was analyzed by using non-parametric statistics.

Results: Institute 1 (188 participants), Institute 2 (110 participants), females being 205 (68.79%). Mean score <3 indicates bad experience while >3 indicates good experience about PBL. Results showed that students of both institutes found several key benefits of PBL acquiring critical thinking, problem solving, communication skills and team work. PBL was perceived as better learning approach than lectures. Moreover students of Institute 1 mean score <3.0 showed dissatisfaction regarding tutor performance in PBL facilitation which was statistically significant (0.048).

Conclusion: It is recommended that tutor and student training should be mandatory before introducing PBL. PBL session marks can be included in internal assessment. Only senior faculty and volunteering to facilitate should conduct PBL sessions.
Culture-Positivity and Sensitivity in Post-Surgical Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Anwar Muhammad Imran
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Hospital-Acquired Infection (HAI) is a serious health hazard across the world, being a major contributor to the rate of morbidity and mortality. Inadequate evidence is available on the magnitude of hospital-acquired infections in tertiary care hospitals of Pakistan, thus resulting in a poor focus on this aspect of quality of care.

Aims & Objectives: The study aims to measure the frequency of post-op culture-positivity, sensitivity, and its associated attributes in a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan.

Place and duration of study: Tertiary care teaching hospital in Lahore, Punjab from April to July, 2016.

Material & Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a public sector, tertiary care, teaching hospital in Lahore using secondary data. All discharged patients’ files from surgical and allied specialties, operated from 1st Oct, 2015 to 31st Dec 2015, having ages between 18 to 60 years and of both gender, were included consecutively in the study. Data was collected on a structured, self-constructed form and analyzed through SPSS version 21.

Results: Out of the total 420 patient files, 47 (11.2%) had culture positive reports, out of which 74.5% had UTIs, 17% tissue/wound infection, 4.3% fluid infections and 4.3% had other site infections. 46% of the females and 32% of the males were found to be culture positive out of the suspects of HAI. The highest infection rate was found among patients of urology (71%), while there was no positive culture found for neurosurgery patients. The most frequently found organisms in cultures were Coliform species (38%), Pseudomonas Aeruginosa (13%), followed by Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus Aureus and Candida Albican. Mixed growth was found in 26% of the cultures. The antibiotic sensitivity of the cultures was to Amikacin (38.3%), Imipenem (29.8%), Tazocin (21.3%) and Gentamycin (14.9%). The antibiotic resistance among the cultures was to; Ciproxin (44.7%), Amoxicillin (34.0%), Cefotaxime (31.9%) and Ampicillin (23.4%).

Conclusion: The infection rate among suspects of HAI, was found to be high in this study which calls for an urgent need of robust infection control policy and strategies.
Nigella sativa can Cure Hepatotoxicity Caused by Pyrazinamide Administration; A Lead from Animal Experiment
Authors: Hakim Zunera
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Hepatoxicity is a well known adverse effect of pyrazinamide a commonly used anti tuberculous drug, with no certified remedy. Phytochemicals could be a possible avenue for hepatoprotection.

Aims & Objectives: To study the hepatoprotective effect of Nigella sativa in low and high doses on PZA induced liver injury in mice. P

lace and duration of study: The study was conducted from April 2017 to June 2017 at Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics & multidisciplinary research lab, Islamic International Medical College, Rawalpindi.

Material & Methods: Sixty white albino mice (male) were divided into four groups randomly. Group A served as control group. Oral Pyrazinamide 500mg/kg/5ml glucose saline suspension was administered for 6 weeks to Group B (hepatotoxic group) alone and to Groups C and D in combination with Nigella sativa in a low dose of 500mg/kg and high dose of 1000mg/kg respectively. The extent of hepatotoxicity was determined by measurement of serum ALT, ALP and GGT.

Results: PZA alone resulted in markedly elevated ALT, ALP and GGT (82.8, 319.1 and 37 U/L respectively) as compared to control group i.e (ALT=27.4U/L, ALP=96.4U/L, GGT=9.3U/L). In groups C and D a non-significant increase of biochemical markers i.e, (ALT=38.4±7.89U/L, ALP 185±39.74, GGT24.1±5.89 U/L) and (ALT=36.7U/L, ALP=93.5U/L, GGT=15.8U/L) respectively.

Conclusion: Nigella sativa has hepatoprotective effects against PZA induced liver injury in both low and high doses.
An Approach to Screen COVID-19 Patients Using Diagnostic Kits: With Special Reference to Pakistan
Authors: Durrani Faiza Gul
Published: January 2021

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Frequency and Types of Red Cell Alloantibodies in Pregnant Females
Authors: Munir Asma
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Maternal isoimmunization, also called alloimmunization, occurs when immune system of a pregnant female is sensitized to foreign RBC surface antigen producing immune process. This maternal blood when goes to fetal circulation, causes immune reaction and disease in case of maternal and fetal blood group differences.

Aims & Objectives: To find out the frequency and types of red cell alloantibodies among females presenting to antenatal care and recognize risk factors for alloimmunization.

Place and duration of study: This cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out at Antenatal Clinic of Shaikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore from 1st January 2013 to 31st August 2013.

Material & Methods: Pregnant females with at least one previous pregnancy were typed for ABO and Rh antigens. They were screened and typed for red cell alloantibodies. Detailed history was taken to explore for the risk factors. SPSS version 20.0 was used for data analysis, frequencies of different alloantibodies, blood groups and risk factors reported as percentages, age and gravidity in mean±s.d.

Results: Out of 200 enrolled cases, 6(3%) had alloantibodies. Of the positive cases, anti-D was found in 3(50%), anti-C in 2(33.33%) and anti-Kell in 1(16.67%). Commonest risk factors were history of peripartum hemorrhage and gynecological procedures. In Rh-negative cases, disparity of spouse Rh group was also main factor.

Conclusion: The most common culprit antibody for alloimmunization was anti-D followed by anti-Kell and anti-C. Commonest risk factor for alloimmunization was pregnancy related bleeding and gynecological procedures. Large population-based studies are required to assess true magnitude of the problem.
Comparison of Salivary Cotinine Levels of Neonates Born to Mothers Exposed to Varying Degrees of Passive Cigarette Smoke
Authors: Anwar Wardah
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Obstetrical data reveals that fetuses born to mothers who are exposed to passive smoking show adverse health outcomes.

Aims & Objectives: To compare the cotinine levels in neonates born to mothers exposed to varying degrees of passive cigarette smoke versus the control group i.e., mothers who are not exposed to smoking.

Place and duration of study: This study was conducted in Obstetrics and Gynecology department of Shaikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore and in emergency Labor Room of Ganga Ram hospital, Lahore from December 2015 to May 2016.

Material & Methods: This was a cross-sectional comparative study in which neonatal salivary cotinine level were measured and its relationship with birth weight was observed in 120 subjects, divided in four groups: .i) neonates whose mothers were not-exposed to smoke, neonates whose mothers were exposed to, ii) 1-5 cigarette, iii) 6-10 cigarettes and iv) more than 10 cigarettes per day.

Results: Salivary cotinine levels were raised in all four groups with maximum levels seen in group four but there was no statistical difference between groups. Changes in the birth weight were also seen with increased exposure to passive smoking.

Conclusion: Salivary cotinine concentration in neonates increases due to passive exposure to cigarette smoke in mothers because of disregard of smokers to the adverse effects of nicotine inside homes and almost no governmental enforcement of laws regarding cigarette smoking in public spaces.
IMPELEMENTASI ALGORITMA REGRESI LINIER BERGANDA UNTUK PREDIKSI PENJUALAN
Authors: Asohi Yaya , Andri Andri
Published: January 2021

Minimarket is a place or shop that sells various kinds of basic necessities of the community and generally uses technology or a machine to make payment transactions. The problem that is often faced in minimarkets is the uncertainty of the number of sales, it is also faced by Minimarket Sr. This study aims to predict the number of sales of goods using multiple linear regression algorithms as a method to be applied to predict. The results obtained from this study resulted in the predicted number of sales of goods for 2020 amounting to 169715 items.

Minimarket merupakan sebuah tempat atau toko yang menjual berbagai macam barang kebutuhan pokok masyarakat dan umumnya menggunakan teknologi atau sebuah mesin untuk melakukan transaksi pembayarannya. Permasalahan yang sering dihadapi pada minimarket yakni tidak menentunya jumlah penjualan, hal itu juga yang dihadapi oleh Minimarket Sr. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memprediksi jumlah penjualan barang menggunakan algoritma regresi linier berganda sebagai metode yang akan diterapkan untuk memprediksi. Hasil yang didapatkan dari penelitian ini menghasilkan jumlah prediksi penjulan barang untuk tahun 2020 sebesar 169715 barang.
Adecuación del medio bucal: protocolo de odontopediatría de la UNIGRANRIO, RJ – Brasil
Authors: Dias dos Santos Thais , Amorim de Melo Ana Beatriz , Chevitarese Leila Maria , Massao Miasato José , Herdy da Silva Luciana Alves
Published: January 2021

La adecuación del medio bucal consiste en un conjunto de medidas que apuntan a la disminución de los niveles de microorganismos cariogénicos presentes en la cavidad bucal, proporcionando la paralización del proceso carioso. Las medidas se aplican después del diagnóstico y antes del tratamiento restaurador definitivo, siendo considerada una etapa intermedia. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo discutir la adecuación del medio bucal, sus etapas y presentar el protocolo utilizado en la Clínica de Odontopediatría de la UNIGRANRIO, RJ Brasil.
DEVELOPMENT OF NEOSSOLOS QUARTZARÊNICOS BASED IN CASE STUDY IN THE NORTHWEST REGION OF THE STATE OF PARANÁ/EVOLUÇÃO DE NEOSSOLOS QUARTZARÊNICOS COM BASE EM ESTUDO DE CASO NA REGIÃO NOROESTE DO PARANÁ
Authors: CORDEIRO SANTOS LEONARDO JOSÉ , DE OLIVEIRA JOSÉ GUILHERME
Published: January 2021

A presença dos Neossolos Quartzarênicos (RQz) na região noroeste do Paraná é citada na literatura nacional por diversos autores, porém, com divergências quanto a sua gênese e formação. A existência dessas pesquisas lança hipóteses até o momento ainda não totalmente comprovadas. Desta forma, o objetivo do presente artigo é avançar na discussão sobre o sistema de transformação lateral de solos que leva a ocorrência dos RQz. O trabalho foi realizado em 58 pontos de exploração em uma bacia hidrográfica de primeira ordem, por meio de sondagens, topossequências, transectos e descrição de perfis. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que a gênese dos RQz na bacia está ligada a processos pedogenéticos de elutriação e de eluviação, que favorecem a remoção e a migração de material fino, intensificado a partir da instalação e da evolução do vale.
RESCUE OF PALEO-ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES ON THE LATE QUATERNARY IN THE BRAZILIAN SEMI-ARID/RESGATE DE ESTUDOS PALEOAMBIENTAIS SOBRE O QUATERNÁRIO TARDIO NO SEMIÁRIDO BRASILEIRO
Authors: SUASSUNA DE ALBUQUERQUE WANDERLEY LUCAS , LIMA DOS SANTOS CAIO , GIRÃO DA SILVA OSVALDO
Published: January 2021

O presente artigo tem por objetivo resgatar resultados de estudos referentes à reconstituição paleoambiental do semiárido brasileiro, visando compor uma evolução temporal dos ciclos de mudanças climáticas e as respectivas respostas na paisagem ocorridas entre o Pleistoceno Superior e Holoceno. Para tanto, foi realizada uma revisão de nove estudos, entre artigos e dissertações, relativos a temática proposta, publicados entre 2007 e 2017, e selecionados a partir de critérios específicos centrados no intervalo temporal proposto. Como resultado, obteve-se um quadro geral das mudanças ambientais processadasna região semiárida do Brasil ocorridas ao longo do período Quaternário Tardio. Constatou-se que os ciclos climáticos orbitais e milenares refletem, para a dinâmica paisagística da região semiárida do Brasil, na predominante ocorrência de climas secos com grau de aridez variável desde o último máximo glacial.
BEACH PROCESSES AND SHORE PROTECTION ALONG THE NORTHERN COLOMBIA COAST
Authors: WANG PING
Published: January 2021

The shoreline of northern Colombia is located in the tropical zone along the south coast of Caribbean Sea. Its coastal processes are strongly influenced by the northeast trade wind, which results in the dominating northeasterly approaching wave occurring over 95% of the time. This drives a persistent southwestward longshore sand transport. The state of the beach along the generally northeast-southwest trending northern Colombia coast is strongly influenced by this constant unidirectional longshore sediment transport. At locations where this westward longshore sand transport is interrupted, naturally or  anthropogenically, beach accretion occurs along the updrift shoreline coupled with erosion at the downdrift side. Natural interruption of longshore transport can be caused by tidal inlets, protruding headland, shoreline orientation change, and nearshore bathymetry variations. Anthropogenic interruption of the longshore transport along the northern Colombia coast is mainly caused by the construction of groins, as well as harbors at some locations. Numerous groins were constructed due to their local success in creating beach accretion at the drift side. However, severe beach erosion occurs along the downdrift shoreline. Shoreline protection along the northern Colombia coast, and coasts in the tropical area in general, should carefully consider the persistent unidirectional longshore sand transport and should not be misguided by the local updrift accumulation as being a successful project.
ANALYSIS OF THE LANDSCAPE: BOTANICAL GARDEN OF PORTO ALEGRE/ANÁLISE DA PAISAGEM: JARDIM BOTÂNICO DE PORTO ALEGRE
Authors: BARRETO MEDEIROS ORLEY , VERDUN ROBERTO
Published: January 2021

A criação do Jardim Botânico no município de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, em 1958, e a conformação do bairro querecebe o mesmo nome em 1959, acontece atrelado à realização do primeiro Plano Diretor de Desenvolvimento Urbano domunicípio. Assim, para fins desse estudo, serão apresentados aspectos da paisagem urbana de Porto Alegre no contexto do processo de urbanização, com vistas à valorização dos espaços verdes. Para isso, estabelece-se como objetivo, analisar a paisagem do Jardim Botânico, com vistas a fornecer subsídios para o planejamento e a gestão dessa área verde, a partir do reconhecimento da importância da paisagem como categoria de análise na Geografia. Como resultado principal verifica-se a importância do Jardim Botânico como elemento harmonizador da paisagem urbana, tanto do bairro em que se insere quantoao espaço urbano de Porto Alegre. Destaca-se também, a sua importância para a educação ambiental, para o conhecimento e o desenvolvimento das ciências relacionadas aos aspectos climáticos, litológicos, pedológicos, geomorfológicos e dos biomas Rio Grande do Sul ali preservados e estudados.
Estudio de pertinencia para un Programa de Posgrado en Contabilidad y Finanzas para la Región Sur del Ecuador
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de Loja. Ecuador, MORENO Yenny , ZHAPA Elvia ,   Universidad Nacional de Loja. Ecuador, CABRERA Veronica ,   Universidad Nacional de Loja. Ecuador, PELAEZ Lenin E. ,   Universidad Nacional de Loja. Ecuador
Published: January 2021

La investigación desarrolla el análisis de pertinencia para un programa de postgrado en el área financiera y contable, para lo cual utiliza un esquema analítico de tres dimensiones: científica, tecnológica y económica social. En este contexto, la evaluación de pertinencia tiene el objetivo de aportar como un elemento principal en los esfuerzos del sistema de educación superior por responder de forma eficaz a las necesidades sociales, e integrarse en el marco de la política pública propuesta por el Estado ecuatoriano.
A Simulation Model for Sprinklers Irrigation System
Authors:   Dept. of Operations Research and Management, Faculty of Statistical Studies and Research, Cairo University, Egypt., Saeid Hassan Naglaa Ragaa
Published: January 2021

Center pivot irrigation (CPI) system is one of the most efficient methods of applying irrigation water. It is a form of overhead sprinklers irrigation supported by trusses. The sprinkler flow rate out of each sprinkler orifice is based on the water pressure supplied to the sprinkler inlet. The objective of this paper is to build a simulation model for CPI to optimize performance of system estimating the expected number of a sprinklers and diameter of nozzle according to the required water quantities.
Pengaruh Outlet Atmosphere dan Pelayanan Gerai terhadap Pembelian Implusif pada Gerai dalam Lippo Plaza Kota Kendari
Authors: Rizaldi Makmur Muhammad Rizaldi Makmur , Mpesau Alasman
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan menganalisis secara empiris pengaruh atmosphere dan pelayanan gerai terhadap pembelian impulsif pada gerai dalam Lippo Plaza Kendari. Penelitian ini bersifat explanatory yang bermaksud menjelaskan kedudukan variabel-variabel yang diteliti serta hubungan dan pengaruh antara satu variabel dengan variabel lain. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Variabel atmosphere gerai dan pelayanan gerai berpengaruh positif terhadap pembelian impulsif pada gerai Lippo Plaza Kendari. Karena itu, hipotesis penelitian yang diajukan dapat diterima; (2) Variabel atmosphere gerai dan pelayanan gerai berpengaruh secara parsial terhadap pembelian impuls konsumen pada gerai Lippo Plaza Kendari; dan (3) Variabel pelayanan gerai merupakan variabel yang dominan mempengaruhi pembelian impuls pada gerai Lippo Plaza Kendari.