bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Monastic and scholastic Nature
Authors: Ragan Mark A.
Published: July 2023

Learning did not entirely die out in Europe after the execution of Boëthius in 524 ce, but zoophytes were ignored until Marius (probably 1160s) argued that “nothing can exist in the world except animals, vegetables, and minerals”. Grosseteste allowed that certain “water creatures” were a sort of mid-point between plants and animals, while Albert held that sponges and fungi are intermediates between plants and animals. The scholastics left intact most of the ancient ideas about the plant-animal borderland. Pletho brought the term ζωοφύτων to Europe at the Council of Ferrara (1438). The Council itself was a failure, but the new Accademia Platonica sponsored by Cosimo de’ Medici became a conduit for reintroduction of Hellenic thought, including directly into the Church.
Naturphilosophie, polygastric animalcules, and cells
Authors: Ragan Mark A.
Published: July 2023

This chapter considers the development of high-level biological classification in Germany from the late Eighteenth to the mid-Nineteenth centuries. Transcendental idealism, Romanticism, and the study of nature came together in the 1790s as Naturphilosophie. Symbol, relict, and ancestor were entangled differently in Goethe’s Urpflanze and Oken’s Urthiere. For von Baer, microscopic animals were prototypes of animals of higher grades. Ehrenberg wrongly considered infusoria to be perfect animals with complete alimentary, sensory, and reproductive systems; this interpretation was successfully challenged by Félix Dujardin and others. Biologists debated whether or not protozoa are cells. Late in life, Carl Gustav Carus proposed a kingdom of Protorganismen.
Genes, genomes, and domains
Authors: Ragan Mark A.
Published: July 2023

This chapter examines the impact of genetics, molecular biology, and genomics on high-level biological classification. The molecular basis of heredity was becoming clear by the 1950s. In 1963 Zuckerkandl and Pauling described molecular sequences as “documents of evolutionary history”. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is present in all biological entities (including plastids and mitochondria) capable of converting genotype to phenotype. Woese revealed rRNA to be a general-purpose chronometer of evolution; his phylogenetic tree of rRNA sequences became the iconic “Tree of Life”. This tree revealed a third domain of life, Archaea, undermining the prokaryote-eukaryote dichotomy. The discovery that bacteria and archaea exchange genetic material with other lineages and the environment implies that much of the living world is best represented as a dynamic, irregular network. Reports that proteins once thought characteristic of eukaryotes are encoded by several types of archaea call into question whether eukaryotes can still be considered a third domain of life.
Assessment of aflatoxin M1 in raw milk samples of some dairy animals from Sohag City, Egypt
Authors: Elsayed Rana Bahaa , Elsharkawy Eman EZZ , Sharkawy Ahmed Abdelbaky
Published: July 2023

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence and concentrations of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in raw buffalo milk samples obtained from four different seasons: winter, spring, summer and autumn in Sohag City, upper Egypt, and compared the determined findings against the several regulations regarding AFM1 that have been legislated by the European Union, US Food and Drug Administration and Egyptian Regulations.

Design/methodology/approach

Simultaneous determination of aflatoxins in raw buffalo milk samples trailed in different seasons, in Sohag City, Egypt. The aflatoxin that has been included in this survey is AFM1. Milk samples were obtained from February to October 2021. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used as a methodology technique.

Findings

The results of AFM1 presented the highest frequency of occurrence, with a detected incidence of 85.5% in winter samples, 64.2% in spring samples, 78.5% in summer samples and 78.5% in autumn samples. The positive samples showed concentration range levels of AFM1 between 0.0 and 0.9 µg/kg (12 samples) in winter samples, 0.03 and 1.2 µg/kg in spring milk samples (9 samples), 0.06 and 0.8 µg/kg in summer milk samples (11 samples) and lasted with 0.028 and 0.9 µg/kg in autumn milk samples (11 samples). The percentage of AFM1samples exceeded the maximum residues limit of Egyptian Standard Regulation 2010/7136 last updated, 78%, 57%, 100% and 64% in the four examined seasons, respectively.

Originality/value

The residue levels of AFM1 obtained in the investigated samples represented a serious concern about the health risk of consumers. Milk is introduced to the diet plan all over the people units especially the offspring ones as it is a complete food that contains a lot of important nutrients. So it is worth to set a regular schedule for monitoring and inspection of dairy products for aflatoxin residues.
New hire performance: identifying critical traits for hospitality industry
Authors: Dutta Debolina , Vedak Chaitali , Joseph Varghees
Published: July 2023

Purpose

High performance of new hires is of imminent interest to organizations in the hospitality sector. Yet, limited studies have focused on the relevant traits of new hires that improve on-job performance. This study aims to identify and understand a few critical traits that predict high performance across multilevel roles within the hospitality sector.

Design/methodology/approach

Drawing on the human capital theory, through a time-lagged field study spanning 16 months, this study used multisource data for 540 active job opportunities and 205 new hires within the hospitality industry. This study used partial least squares-based structural equation modeling and analyzed the various traits that predict high on-job performance.

Findings

This study finds that humility is a significant predictor of job performance and wholly mediates the effect of interpersonal understanding, self-confidence and flexibility on new hires’ performance.

Originality/value

This study enhances talent management research for the hospitality sector by determining the critical traits of new hires that can predict superior on-job performance.
Enigmatic freshwater mussel declines could be explained by the biodiversity‐disease relationship
Authors: Brian Joshua I. , Aldridge David C.
Published: July 2023

The biodiversity‐disease relationship states that increased species richness leads to lower pathogen pressure (i.e. the dilution effect), an effect that erodes with biodiversity loss. However, whether losses of the dilution effect can trigger extinction cascades remains largely unexplored.

To explore this idea, we consider declines in freshwater mussels, on average the most threatened non‐marine group of organisms in the world. We argue that anthropogenically stimulated declines in mussel richness amplify pathogens in remaining species. Pathogen amplification triggers further local losses in both mussel abundance and richness, explaining the observed so‐called “enigmatic” declines in freshwater mussels.

Vulnerable communities could become trapped in cycles of pathogen amplification and host decline. We highlight knowledge gaps and provide key steps to assess the likelihood of this occurring; these key steps are applicable to any host group.

Policy implications. Our argument constitutes a testable hypothesis that may explain richness or abundance declines in previously intact communities. We provide further impetus for the consideration and preservation of diversity at a local scale and show that effective conservation requires integration of both host and parasite ecology.
Provision of health services for elderly populations in rural and remote areas in Australia: A systematic scoping review
Authors: Zheng Ling Xiao , Walsh Erin I. , Sutarsa I. Nyoman
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Although various studies have examined availability, access barriers and patient experiences of rural health services for the ageing population, no synthesis of this literature exists in Australia.

Objective

The objective of this study was to examine the current literature surrounding rural service provision and to evaluate the barriers to access for older individuals and to recognise gaps in the literature.

Design

A systematic scoping review of peer‐reviewed literature from three online databases (PUBMED, SCOPUS and Web of Science).

Findings

Thirty‐two papers were included in analysis. The most prominent types of health service discussed were residential aged care (n = 12) and community health care (n = 10). More studies explored the perspectives of health personnel than the service end users. Qualitative synthesis revealed three themes associated with health service and rural ageing: access to services, health workforce experiences and end user experiences.

Discussion

Access to health services for the elderly population is a complex issue. Promoting positive experiences for both health providers and patients is critical to assisting in healthy ageing for people living in rural and remote areas. This requires intervention on a social and institutional level. Key research gaps in the literature include the effectiveness of an integrated approach to institutional interventions, utilisation of preventative measures such as screening programs for cancer and greater identification of the health needs and perceptions among culturally diverse elderly residents. These studies are critical to promote appropriate and patient‐centred care for elderly populations in rural and remote areas.

Conclusion

The review highlights the need to address availability, retention and service innovations across health services to improve access to care and health outcomes of rural elderly residents.
Effect of the reaction process between the SEN and molten steel containing aluminum by applying an electric field
Authors: Tian Chen , Yuan Lei , Liu Xiaoming , Wang Qiang
Published: July 2023

In view of the clogging problem associated with submerged entry nozzles (SEN) used for aluminum‐killed steel, the reaction behavior between the SEN and molten steel with high Al content with the influence of an external electric field is studied in this paper. The results showed that the application of an effective and positive voltage to the walls of the SEN would promote the decarburization of the SEN itself and the interfacial reaction between nozzle material and molten steel containing aluminum. On the contrary, these behaviors would be inhibited under the control of the negative voltage. Therefore, with the polarity of electric field applied on the SEN, it is necessary to determine whether the critical factor leading to clogging is the content of the Al2O3 inclusions or Al alloy content in the steel.
Novel Insight into Ferroptosis in Kidney Diseases
Authors: Yang Liu , Liu Yong , Zhou Sijie , Feng Qi , Lu Yanfang , Liu Dongwei , Liu Zhangsuo
Published: July 2023

Background: Various kidney diseases such as acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, polycystic kidney disease, renal cancer, and kidney stones, are an important part of the global burden, bringing a huge economic burden to people around the world. Ferroptosis is a type of nonapoptotic iron-dependent cell death caused by the excess of iron-dependent lipid peroxides and accompanied by abnormal iron metabolism and oxidative stress. Over the past few decades, several studies have shown that ferroptosis is associated with many types of kidney diseases. Studying the mechanism of ferroptosis and related agonists and inhibitors may provide new ideas and directions for the treatment of various kidney diseases. Summary: In this review, we discuss the differences between ferroptosis and other types of cell death such as apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, cuprotosis, pathophysiological features of the kidney, and ferroptosis-induced kidney injury. We also provide an overview of the molecular mechanisms involved in ferroptosis and events that lead to ferroptosis. Furthermore, we summarize the possible clinical applications of this mechanism among various kidney diseases. Key Message: The current research suggests that future therapeutic efforts to treat kidney ailments would benefit from a focus on ferroptosis.
Pengaruh Media Pembelajaraan “Pom Pom Activity” Terhadap Kemampuan Mengenal Warna Pada Kelompok Bermain
Authors: Puspitasari Endang , Ni'mah Roudlotun , Efidah Lilik Rusdiana
Published: July 2023

Penelitian  ini  bertujuan  untuk  mengetahui  pengaruh  bermain pom  pom  activity terhadap perkembangan kognitif pada anak usia 3-4 tahun. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah Pre-eksperimental dengan desain One Grup Pretest-Posttest. Penggunaan media pom pom activity dapat   menjadi   salah   satu   alternatif   media   pembelajaran.   Aspek   perkembangan   yang   dapat dikembangkan  melalui pom  pom  activity yaitu aspek  perkembangan  kognitif  anak.  Penelitian  ini dilaksanakan  di  kelompok  bermain  Tanwirul  Qulub  Kepohbaru,  Bojonegoro.  Populasi  dalam penelitian  ini  berjumlah  18  anak  yang  ada  pada Kelompok  bermain Tanwirul  Qulub  Kepohbaru Bojonegoro. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Eksperimen, Metode yang digunakan  adalah  metode pre-Eksperimental  Design,yang  berbentuk One  Grup  Pretest-posttest. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik sampling jenuh. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakanan analisis uji non parametric dan  uji  regresi  sederhana.  Hasil  penelitian  ini  menunjukkan  bahwa  media Pom  Pom activity berpengaruh  terhadap  kemampuan  mengenal  warna  anak  usia  3-4  tahun.  Sebelum  diberi aktivitas  bermain  media pom  pom  ativity dan  sesudah  diberi  aktivitas  bermain  media pom  pom activity
Building a Sustainable GARCH Model to Forecast Rubber Price: Modified Huber Weighting Function Approach
Authors: Md Ghani Intan Martina , Rahim Hanafi A
Published: July 2023

The unstable and uncertain nature of natural rubber prices makes them highly volatile and prone to outliers, which can have a significant impact on both modeling and forecasting. To tackle this issue, the author recommends a hybrid model that combines the autoregressive (AR) and Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (GARCH) models. The model utilizes the Huber weighting function to ensure the forecast value of rubber prices remains sustainable even in the presence of outliers. The study aims to develop a sustainable model and forecast daily prices for a 12-day period by analyzing 2683 daily price data from Standard Malaysian Rubber Grade 20 (SMR 20) in Malaysia. The analysis incorporates two dispersion measurements (IQR/3 and Sn) and three levels of IO contamination 0%, 10%, and 20%. The results indicate that using the Huber weighting function with the IQR/3 measurement to build the AR(1)-GARCH(2,1) model leads to better sustainability. These findings have the potential to enhance the GARCH model by modifying the weighting function of the M-estimator
Benefícios da tutoria em contexto escolar
Authors: Cunha Jennifer Silva da , Martins Juliana Andreia Oliveira , Freitas Lisete Maria Guimarães da Costa , Rosário Pedro José Sales Luís Fonseca
Published: July 2023

O presente estudo analisa as variáveis do professor-tutor preditoras dos benefícios da tutoria em contexto escolar: a qualidade da relação de tutoria, a autoeficácia do tutor, o compromisso afetivo e a experiência enquanto tutor. Participaram 140 professores de diferentes zonas de Portugal, através do preenchimento de um questionário online. O modelo de regressão linear múltipla revelou que a qualidade da relação e a autoeficácia do tutor são preditores estatisticamente significativos dos benefícios da tutoria percebidos pelo professor-tutor. Não foram encontrados resultados significativos nos restantes preditores. Os dados sugerem a necessidade de se investir na formação dos professorestutores e na monitorização da sua prática, de forma a promover a qualidade da relação tutor-tutorando e a autoeficácia do tutor. O compromisso afetivo e a experiência enquanto tutor não são suficientes para o sucesso dos programas de tutoria, de modo que urge rever as práticas de organização da tutoria nas escolas (e.g., critérios de seleção dos tutores).
The Dynamic Purchasing System - A Modern Public Procurement Solution
Authors: Popa Ioan-Gabriel , Milandru Marius
Published: July 2023

Public procurement is indeed an inflexible and somewhat immobile field, constantly regulated and monitored by state public authorities. This highlights the need for the legislator to constantly improve, modernise, specialise, develop, and innovate the field of public procurement, taking into account the presence of restrictions, limitations, and unfavourable circumstances manifested in the surrounding economic environment. To achieve this aim, the increasingly varied and complex needs of public institutions that are striving to adapt to the exponential expansion of all spheres of activity must be studied, along with the restrictions created by the permanent economic crisis that generates underfunding at the level of public systems. The dynamic procurement system can play a very important role in the future, as it is a tool that has been often used during the pandemic as an efficient way of carrying out public procurement in a very short time, giving institutions the flexibility to respond to the needs of a changing society. At the same time, it is a modern and novel e-procurement technique, regulated for the first time in 2004. In the same vein, through the provisions of Article 34 of Directive 2014/24/EU and Article 52 of Directive 2014/25/EU, respectively, the European Union has established a digitised single market which calls for the use of electronic procurement tools and methods as part of a comprehensive digital process, supported by the European Commission.
The Role Models and Future Projections of Military Students
Authors: Bumbuc Ştefania
Published: July 2023

At the beginning is brought to attention the meaning of several concepts in the literature - personal success, social achievement, role model and counter-role model. Then, the results of previous quantitative and qualitative researches on the life models of young people in various contexts are briefly presented. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the models and counter-models of success of military students, in order to discover their motivational and inspirational sources and their authentic value benchmarks. The data collection method is a questionnaire consisting of open questions. Students from NBLFA are part of the sample. The results indicated that both role models and counter models of military students generally come from the mass-media and less from the professional environment. Also, students state that work-based strategies are more useful to achieve success than strategies based on capitalizing on exceptional personal qualities or social relationships. Another significant result of the research shows that only a small part of the students considers the success in the military career as an important personal desire, resorting instead to other ways of describing the success in the future: family, house, material goods, health. Taking these into account, teachers should reconsider the most effective ways to have a significant impact in preparing students for future life and profession.
Multiculturalism and Cross-Cultural Competence in the Military Organization
Authors: Corlăteanu Aniela Ioana
Published: July 2023

In recent years, more and more often, the human resources departments of large companies but also of military organizations have turned their attention to diversity, multiculturalism and inclusion. Moreover, the need to develop intercultural skills has been recognized, especially in organizations that have expanded their scope of activity globally. Diversity and inclusion causes a company’s employees to create, almost involuntarily, a culture of respect, trust and support within the team, which significantly contributes to organizational success.
The Role of the Translator in Nowadays’ Politically Charged International Environment
Authors: Oneţ Alina-Elena , Ciocoi-Pop Ana-Blanca
Published: July 2023

In nowadays’ politically charged and highly unstable environment, translators often find themselves in the difficult position of having to cater both to the original message of a source text, and to the more or less obvious political and social expectations of the media outlets that will broadcast the said political materials. More often than not, unfortunately, magazines and newspapers do not render the full-text translations of the speeches or statements delivered by international political actors, but rather subjectively tinged bits and pieces thereof, in a more or less covert attempt to cater to their readership’s biases and expectations. This brings up a series of challenging questions regarding the ethical dimension of translating political discourse across international boundaries, and the waning importance of faithfulness in the field of international political translation.
PRIVATE LAW TO PROTECT WOMEN FROM VIOLENCE IN THE FAMILY (BY THE EXAMPLE OF SPAIN)
Authors: Трофимец И.А.
Published: July 2023

Объектом статьи являются нормы испанского законодательства, определяющие меры защиты женщин от насилия в семье. Основной метод исследования – сравнительное правоведение. Цель работы показать место частноправовых мер в системе юридической защиты женщин от насилия в семье. Наряду с женщиной жертвой насилия в семье признаются ее несовершеннолетние дети. Брачно-семейным общественным отношениям с участием женщин, являющимся предметом самостоятельной отрасли права (семейного права), предоставляется широкая охрана и другими отраслями права, используются гражданско-правовые, административные и уголовно-правовые инструменты. Автором сделан вывод об эффективности специальных частноправовых мер защиты от семейного насилия: запрет на совместное проживание, лишение и ограничение родительских прав, назначение алиментов и другие.

The object of this article is the norms of Spanish legislation defining measures to protect women from domestic violence. The main method of research is comparative law. The purpose of this research is to show the place of private law measures in the system of legal protection of women from domestic violence. Minor children of women are recognized as victims of domestic violence. Family social relations with the participation of women are the subject of an independent branch of law (family law). They are provided with broad protection by other branches of law. Civil, administrative and criminal legal instruments are used. The author makes a conclusion about the effectiveness of special private-law measures of protection from family violence: a ban on cohabitation, deprivation and restriction of parental rights, assignment of alimony and others.
UBSF ABARÉ
Authors: Costa Jacqueline Oliveira Miranda da , Paiva Edson Bruno Campos , Santos Pâmela Farias , Soares Deliane dos Santos , Castro Ellen Krícia Duarte Ribeiro , Nascimento Fabiane Corrêa do , Vasconcelos Cristiane Mara Silva de , Barra Isabel Pires , Vieira Zonilce Brito , Reis Elaine Cristiny Evangelista dos
Published: July 2023

Trata-se de um material estruturado para trazer informações para a população em geral e em especial a profissionais de saúde e tripulantes da Unidade de Saúde Fluvial Abaré, sobre: a população atendida, a infraestrutura do navio, o funcionamento, o fluxo de atendimento, serviços ofertados, composição da equipe, equipe de saúde multiprofissional, equipe de apoio e tripulação. O material foi desenvolvido por uma equipe multiprofissional do Programa de Pós-Graduação da Residência Multiprofissional em Estratégia Saúde da Família da Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará e supervisionado por docentes da instituição.
Implementasi Teorema Bayes Pada Sistem Informasi Posyandu Dalam Mendeteksi Stunting Pada Balita
Authors: Gunawan Dedi , Andika Verania Nur
Published: July 2023

Abstract–The management of posyandu data in Majegan Village is still carried out manually. This causes health monitoring to be not optimal, especially in detecting stunting in toddlers. One of the efforts to overcome this problem is to provide a posyandu information system that can make it easier for posyandu officers to record and analyze fetal growth until toddlerhood and can detect symptoms of stunting. Through the implementation of Bayes' theorem in a web-based application, stunting symptoms can be observed earlier. Bayes' theorem calculates the values of the symptoms experienced by toddlers so as to obtain the results of probability numbers that can be used to predict stunting in toddlers. System design uses the waterfall method which goes through the stages of SDLC (System Development Life Cycle). After the system was developed, to test the quality of the application and the accuracy of naïve bayes in predicting stunting, two types of testing were carried out, namely black box testing and system usability testing (SUS). The black box test results show that the application functionality runs well with an error percentage of 0%, while the SUS test results show that the application has a usability level at Level B which means the application can be used and help users. Meanwhile, the results of the prediction of naïve bayes produced the model with the highest prediction of 60%.
Adaptive and Intelligent MOOCs: How they Contribute to the Improvement of the MOOCs’ Effectiveness
Authors: Papadimitriou Alexandros
Published: July 2023

Several traditional MOOCs have been developed utilizing particular traditional approaches for distance learning. The main objective of this article is to examine numerous studies and research about the provision of adaptive and intelligent MOOCs to address issues, such as dropout rate, for improving their efficiency compared to conventional MOOCs. Important issues that have been the essential study interests of MOOC scholars in recent years, including dropout rate, completion rate, loneliness, and other topics, were studied. Finally, the research questions posed on the effectiveness of Adaptive and Intelligent MOOCs, the learner’s characteristics used for adaptation, the adaptive and intelligent methods and techniques used, and the improvements they bring to traditional MOOCs as a compass for designing Adaptive and Intelligent MOOCs in the coming years, are discussed.
ROOTS PROXIMITY OF MAXILLARY MOLARS TO MAXILLARY SINUS ON CBCT AMONG PATIENTS PRESENTED FOR ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL PROCEDURES
Authors: Ahmad Tariq , Manzoor Saima , Rehman Attaur , Rehman Basheer , Khan Muslim
Published: July 2023

Objectives: To determine the distance between the maxillary fi rst and second molar roots andthe maxillary sinus fl oor on CBCT.Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in the department oforal and maxillofacial surgery Khyber College of dentistry Peshawar after approval from EthicalReview Committee of hospital. All adult patients full fi lling the inclusion criteria were includedin the study. Data was collected on specially designed Performa. The vertical distance betweenmaxillary 1st and 2nd Molar roots, Right and left side were measured on CBCT Coronal view.The data was analysed by SPSS version 22 for descriptive statistics. Student t test was used tocompare the distances.Results: Total 60 patients included in the study. Male to female ratio was 2:1. Maxillary secondmolar mesio-buccal root showed least distance from fl oor of maxillary sinus followed by maxillary2nd molar palatal root and palatal root of 1st molar.Conclusion: The preoperative assessment of the roots of maxillary molars is important for avoidance of sinus related complications because most of the times these roots are in close proximity withthe maxillary sinus, particularly in the maxillary 2nd molar region as demonstrated in this study.
High-temperature modification of steel slag using composite modifier containing silicon calcium slag, fly ash, and reservoir sediment
Authors: Yuan Dongxia , Liang Xiaoying , Gao Ying , Ping Haoyan , Wang Changlong , Ma Jintao , Zheng Yongchao , Jing Jianlin , Qi Yang , Zhai Yuxin , Liu Feng
Published: July 2023

Steel slag (SS) is a kind of industrial solid waste, and its accumulation brings certain harm to the ecological environment. In order to promote the building material utilization of SS, high-temperature modification (HTM) of SS is performed using a composite modifier (CMSFR) containing silicon calcium slag (SCS), fly ash (FA), and reservoir sediment (RS). Then, the authors investigated the effect of CMSFR on the cementitious properties and volume soundness of SS mixture after HTM (SMHTM). After that, the mineral composition and microstructure of SMHTM were investigated through X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), and particle size analysis. It was found that the free CaO (f-CaO) content obviously decreased, and the cementitious properties improved in SMHTM. When the CMSFR content was 20% (SCS: FA: RS = 9:7:4), and the modification temperature (MT) was 1,250°C, the mass fraction of f-CaO in SMHTM dropped from 4.81% to 1.90%, down by 60.5%; the 28-day activity index of SMHTM increased to 85.4%, 14.3% higher than that of raw SS, which meets the technical requirement of Steel slag powder used for cement and concrete (GB/T 20491-2017): the activity index of grade I SS powder must be greater than or equal to 80%. As the mass fraction of CMSFR grew from 10% to 30%, new mineral phases formed in SMHTM, including diopside (CMS2), ceylonite (MgFe2O4), gehlenite (C2AS), tricalcium aluminate (C3A), and magnetite (Fe3O4). The HTM with CMSFR promotes the decomposition of RO phase (a continuous solid solution composed of divalent metal oxides like FeO, MgO, MnO, and CaO) in raw SS, turning the FeO in that phase into Fe3O4. The above results indicate that the SMHTM mixed with CMSFR can be applied harmless in cement and concrete, making low-energy fine grinding of SS a possibility.
Is practice good enough? Retrieval benefits students with ADHD but does not compensate for poor encoding in unmedicated students
Authors: Minear Meredith E. , Coane Jennifer H. , Cooney Leah H. , Boland Sarah C. , Serrano Judah W.
Published: July 2023

Introduction

A significant proportion of currently enrolled college students receive support for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and these students are often at risk of academic failure. Retrieval practice or self-testing is an effective, accessible, and affordable tool for improving academic performance. Three recent studies found conflicting results with regards to the effectiveness of retrieval practice in this population.

Methods

The present study compared 36 individuals with ADHD to 36 controls. Participants studied Swahili-English word pairs that varied in difficulty. Half of the pairs were repeatedly studied, and the other half repeatedly tested.

Results

On a final test, all participants showed a benefit of retrieval practice relative to restudy and participant status did not moderate the effect. However, unmedicated individuals with ADHD performed worse overall, both during the encoding phase and on the final test, whereas medicated participants were not significantly different from controls.

Discussion

An examination of self-reported encoding strategies found unmedicated participants used fewer deep strategies at encoding, consistent with prior work on ADHD and memory. Although retrieval practice is effective in this group, improved strategy use may be necessary to ensure performance that is fully equivalent to that of students without ADHD.
“God is my only health insurance”: a mixed-methods study on the experiences of persons with disability in accessing sexual and reproductive health services in Ghana
Authors: Seidu Abdul-Aziz , Malau-Aduli Bunmi S. , McBain-Rigg Kristin , Malau-Aduli Aduli E. O. , Emeto Theophilus I.
Published: July 2023

Background

Access to sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services is a fundamental human right, but people with disabilities (PwDs) in low-and middle-income countries often face multiple barriers to utilisation. This study aimed to assess the level of SRH services utilisation and the enabling and inhibiting factors among PwDs in Ghana’s Ashanti region.

Methods

A sequential explanatory mixed-methods study design was employed, involving quantitative (n = 402) and qualitative (n = 37) data collection from PwDs. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics, while qualitative data were analysed using inductive thematic analysis.

Results

The study found that only 33.8% of the PwDs had ever used SRH services. Utilisation was associated with sex, marital status and travel duration to health facility. The qualitative data revealed that factors at the individual, family/community and health facility levels influenced utilisation of SRH services, acting as both enablers and barriers.

Conclusion

PwDs had relatively low utilisation of SRH services in Ghana’s Ashanti region. To increase utilisation, it is recommended to address the stigma and discrimination towards PwDs, provide more training for healthcare providers, improve the accessibility of healthcare facilities, and strengthen the national health insurance scheme. Further research could explore PwDs’ SRH outcomes and strategies to improve these outcomes in Ghana.
The Arbitrariness of Faith-Based Medical Exemptions
Authors: Quinn Aaron
Published: July 2023

There are a variety of reasons for which one might claim an exemption from a public health mandate such as a required COVID-19 vaccine. Good-faith exemption requests—for medical, religious, or other reasons—are generally recognized as legitimate and granted to individuals when the imposition of the mandate on the requestor is perceived to outweigh the corresponding risk their lack of vaccination poses to the health and rights of others. This paper develops a method of analysis rooted in Western analytic philosophy designed to examine these issues and arrive at a framework for assessing the scientific, moral, and religious claims for exemptions from COVID-19 vaccinations. I argue that some empirical and moral beliefs are epistemically superior to others when they have a correspondence with agreed-upon facts about the world, are grounded in shared human experience, employ strong and substantive reasons for their claims, and embrace common convictions evidenced in the character of moral agents. Such facts must be demonstrable in the form of observably verifiable evidence and reliable testimony. Only then should a request for an exemption to an otherwise-required public health mandate (including a vaccine) be recognized. The alternative creates various difficulties, including the problem of moral arbitrariness.
The Purpose of this Descriptive Study was to Identify Nursing Ethics Education in Korea
Authors: LEE Won-Hee , HAN Sung-Suk , KIM Yong-Soon , KIM Boon-Han , CHI Sung-Ai , UM Young-Rhan , AHN Sung-Hee
Published: July 2023

The target population was all nursing programs in Korea. A total of 38 community colleges (59.4%) and 31 BSN programs (86%) participated in the study. A structured questionnaire developed by the research team and mail and telephone interviews were used to collect data from July to October, 1999. Data analysis was done using SPSS PC+ to obtain frequencies and percentages. Data from three colleges were incomplete and therefore excluded leaving 66 for the final analysis.
The findings are as followings:
1. In both community colleges and BSN programs, Ethics was a compulsory course but not as an independent course and the majority (80%) of the programs included ethics in an introductory course of the beginning level or a nursing management course in the upper level.
2. Allocation of hour varied. In community college programs, 50% allotted 1 credit and 34%, 2 credit In BSN programs, the average time was 9.32 hours of 28.67 hours (2 credits) when presented as an independent course.
3. Teaching methods consisted of mostly lectures and followed by case studies, discussion of themes, audiovisual and role play.
The contents of courses were analyzed based on an objective list developed by the academy of nursing administration and indicated that 80% of both in community colleges and BSN programs cover professional ethics content and 70% of the programs dealt with ethical problems faced by nurses with clients or coworkers.
However, the concepts of justice and accountability were not covered and issues of end of life care, nursing personnel shortage and incompetent practice were not found in any nursing programs despite the fact these are most frequent ethical problems for nurses.
It is recommended that
1. Time allocation for nursing ethics needs to be strengthened.
2. Various teaching methods need to be developed.
3. Assessment of the training of teachers is needed.
Current Issues with Sex Robots and Three Approaches to its Regulation
Authors: KIM Soo-jung
Published: July 2023

This article examines and evaluates the views of David Levy, Kathleen Richardson, and John Danaher on the ethical and legal issues involved in human-robot sex. While Levy welcomes the introduction of sex robots and extols the benefits of this technology, the other two writers are much more critical of sexual relationships with robots. Richardson campaigns against sex robots, warning that they will lead to the further objectification of women and commodification of sex; and Danaher, who considers a complete ban on sex robots unrealistic, argues that it is necessary to regulate and even criminalize particular sex robots, such as those embodying child sex abuse or rape fantasies. In a pluralistic society, individual freedom or autonomy should be respected as long as doing so does not cause harm to others or threaten public safety or social order. Therefore, this article defends a view similar to Danaher’s on policies concerning human-robot sex: it is argued that while sex robots should be permitted for individual use, the industry should be strongly regulated, and sex robots associated with rape fantasies or child sex abuse should be prohibited.
A administração do Engenho de Santana dos Ilhéus nas primeiras décadas do século XVIII
Authors: Assunção Paulo
Published: July 2023

O artigo tem como objetivo analisar aspectos da administração do Engenho de Santana dos Ilhéus, enfatizando as adversidades advindas da conjuntura econômica da primeira metade do século XVIII, bem como os impasses que envolviam a gestão da propriedade. Os engenhos jesuíticos eram administrados para que tivessem a maior lucratividade possível. Contudo, devido às secas, à falta de recursos financeiros, à rebeldia dos escravos e aos ataques de indígenas, gerir as propriedades se tornava um verdadeiro desafio, exigindo dos administradores qualidades e capacidades que nem sempre possuíam.
Design and Development of Barangay Health Information System using Google Maps
Authors: Alma Christie C. Reyna
Published: July 2023

The study aimed to design and develop a Barangay Health Information System that integrates Google Maps as a key component. It utilizes rapid application development methodology and object-oriented analysis and design. The system was implemented using Laravel Framework, to create a robust and efficient BHIS. By integrating Google Maps, the BHIS can efficiently geolocate and map health facilities, patient populations, and other relevant data points. This spatial visualization offers a comprehensive view of healthcare dynamics within the barangay, enabling evidence-based decision-making and resource allocation. The evaluation conducted on the app concluded that it is highly effective in terms of usability, relevance, functionality, maintainability, and portability, receiving an overall average rating of 4.52, which is very satisfactory. This underscore the system's potential to significantly enhance health information management and healthcare services delivery at the barangay level, fostering improved health outcomes for the community
Aplicabilidade do lean office em um departamento de seguros de uma cooperativa financeira
Authors: Valente Aline Silva , Andrade Josiette da Silva Nogueira de , Luis Pamella Peruci Collaço de
Published: July 2023

O estudo de caso apresentado no capítulo foi baseado no departamento de seguros de uma Cooperativa financeira do estado do Paraná utilizando práticas do escritório enxuto, lean office. Após a apresentação dos princípios e ferramentas do lean office, foram realizadas duas pesquisas com os colaboradores do departamento de seguros e áreas correlatas. As descobertas sugeriram que o treinamento dos funcionários a metodologia e em relação às ferramentas do lean office eram necessárias. Em conclusão, o departamento de seguros pode lucrar com a implantação do escritório enxuto por meio da melhoria de processos, redução de custos, maior produtividade e relacionamento aprimorado com o cliente. É fundamental ressaltar que a implementação exige um processo contínuo de melhoria e a participação de todos os colaboradores. A empresa pode se tornar mais produtiva e fornecer aos consumidores soluções personalizadas implementando ferramentas enxutas de escritório, destacando-se em um mercado concorrido. A adoção do lean office tem o potencial de impactar significativamente a cultura corporativa e determinar o sucesso da empresa.
Impact of Electricity Power Consumption, GDP, Trade, Urban Population, Foreign Direct Investment and Renewable Energy Consumption on CO2 Emissions: Evidence from Pakistan
Authors: Tahir Zeesha
Published: July 2023

Over the last few decades, the contribution of CO2 emissions to the environment has shown an increasing trend. The greenhouse gases increase the temperature of the environment globally and particularly in Pakistan. History is witness that the activities of humans mostly affect the environment. The goal of this study is to explore the link between variables such as Trade, FDI (Foreign Direct Investment), REC (Renewable Energy Consumption), EPC (Electricity Power Consumption), Economic Growth, Urban Population, and Carbon Emissions inside Pakistan over the time period of 1990 to 2022. The Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) technique is utilized for estimation. The result shows that the long-run relationship exists between these variables. The REC, Economic Growth, and FDI significantly affect CO2 emissions, while the remaining variables have insignificant effects on carbon emissions. Moreover, based on the findings of this study recommends that the government adopt strict policies and strategies to overcome climate problems and control pollution.
A influência dos hormônios leptina e insulina na gordura localizada
Authors: Mendonça Luci Silva , Moreira Juliana Aparecida Ramiro
Published: July 2023

As várias fases da vida da mulher, como gestação, menopausa, assim como sua qualidade de vida interferem na produção dos hormônios pelas glândulas do sistema endócrino. É recorrente a presença de queixas de mulheres nas diversas cabines de estética sobre o aparecimento de melasma facial ou de lipodistrofia ginoide em regiões corporais. Há observância de que as alterações estéticas incidiram quando houve alteração nos níveis de hormônio, especialmente os sexuais, como o estrógeno e a progesterona. Assim, as diversas disfunções estéticas que acometem o sexo feminino possuem, como características de causas precursoras, a alteração nos níveis hormonais. Este trabalho, portanto, busca estudar a influência dos desequilíbrios hormonais nas disfunções estéticas do sistema tegumentar, a fim de se constatar de que forma a ação dos hormônios leptina e insulina atuam na formação da gordura localizada. As disfunções estéticas comprometem a autoestima e o bem-estar social dessas mulheres, levando a problemas psicológicos e a outras complicações de ordem emocional. Diante disso, justifica-se a importância deste estudo. Para a revisão bibliográfica, foi utilizada a base de dados dos livros disponíveis na biblioteca municipal da cidade de Rio Claro, interior de São Paulo, e na biblioteca da Fundação Hermínio Ometto. Também foram utilizadas as bases de dados Scielo, Capes, Bireme e Medline com as expressões “disfunção hormonal”, “disfunção estética”, “gordura localizada”, “obesidade” nas línguas portuguesa e inglesa e em artigos e periódicos de 2000 a 2015.
HIERARCHIE KONTRA SIECI. RZECZ O WALCE SIECIOWEJ I NIESTEROWANYM OPORZE
Authors: Posłuszna Elżbieta
Published: July 2023

Artykuł jest polemiką z twierdzeniem, że walka sieciowa, z uwagi na wykorzystywanie niemilitarnych środków (m.in. informacji i narzędzi cybernetycznych) oraz zaangażowanie niescentralizowanych, społecznie rekrutowanych i rekrutujących się jednostek i grup, jest konfliktem o stosunkowo niedużej intensywności, a w związku z tym nie stanowi znaczącego zagrożenia dla bezpieczeństwa państw i społeczeństw. Takie twierdzenie, zdaniem autorki, jest co najmniej ryzykowne. Nie uwzględnia ono bowiem ani silnej społecznej mobilizacji, biorącej się z możliwości pozyskiwania „dla sprawy” szerokiego, globalnego audytorium, ani też wzrastającego znaczenia nowych form organizacyjnych – nowych sieciowych modeli, bardziej bezpiecznych (jeśli brać pod uwagę odporność na inwigilację) i efektywnych (uwzględniając zdolność zadawania wysokich strat przy udziale minimum zaangażowanych środków) niż dotychczasowe, biorące udział w walce hierarchiczne struktury.
EDUCATIONAL POTENTIALS FROM THE APPLICATION OF RUSSIAN WRITERS' EPISTOLARY HERITAGE INTO RUSSIAN LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE CLASSES
Authors: N.I. Charkes
Published: July 2023

The use of Russian writers' epistolary heritage in Russian literature lesson allows the full achievement of its educational objectives. Also, the epistolary heritage can be successfully used in the organization of the extracurricular activities in the Russian literature classes. The article presents ways of intergrating letters into literature lessons and recommends the use of Russian writers' epistolary heritage at school. Examples of introduction of the letters fragments in the lesson plan are also provided with an analysis of the efficiency of using the epistolary Russian writers' heritage in class and in extracurricular activities.
PREVALENCE AND CHEMOTHERAPY OF WARBLE FLY INFESTATION IN GOAT POPULATION OF DISTRICT KHUSHAB, PAKISTAN.
Authors: M. U. Hasan
Published: July 2023

Warble fly (WF) is one of the serious threats affecting the goat production inPakistan. The objective of the current study was to find out the prevalence and control of goat warblefly infestation (GWFI) in district Khushab, Pakistan. In the field, 780 goats were examined for theperiod of one year. Out 780 goats, 106 (13.58%) were found infested with WF. The rate of infestationin young animals (9.24%) was low as compared to the older animals (16.18%). Higher prevalence wasobserved in males (15.11%) as compared to the females (12.83%).The highest prevalence of GWFIwas recorded in December. The nodules appearance on infested animals started in September andended in the month of February. Geography of the study area favors the onset of fly activity andenhances the prevalence of the disease. Ivermectin was found highly -effective against all developmentstages of Przhevalskianasilenus (WF)and no side-effects were observed.