bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Review on Microbial Sources, Production, Purification and Potential Industrial Applications of Laccases
Authors: Rastogi Amit , Singh Rajesh , Barhoums Ahmed
Published: December 2021

Laccase (EC 1.10.3.2) is a multicopper blue oxidase which are involved in the oxidation of a broad range of organic substrates, including phenols, polyphenols, anilines, and even certain inorganic compounds by a one-electron transfer mechanism. Laccases are widely distributed in bacteria, fungai, insects and higher plants. There are mainly two production techniques for cultivation of laccase such as submersed fermentation and solid- state fermentation. This paper briefly discuss the effect of carbon source, effect of nitrogen source, effect of inducers, effects of surfactants, effect of agitator, influence of metal ions and use of agro-industrial waste in production medium. The paper also discussed the purification techniques such as ammonium sulphate precipitation for extraction purpose followed by dialysis and ion-exchange chromatography as well characterization techniques. Laccases are known to show application ranging from pharmaceutical industries to textile sector as well as in biosensor development.
Bozkır Türk Kültüründe Mitolojik Demir ve Kutsal Efendileri (Demirciler)
Authors: GÜNGÖR Engin
Published: December 2021

İslamiyet öncesi dönemde Avrasya bozkırlarında uzun süre yaşam sürmüş olan bozkır Türkleri için metal işlemeciliği oldukça önemli bir zanaat olmuştur. Günümüz dünyasında da birçok alanda kullanılan altın, gümüş, bakır, tunç ve demir gibi metaller bozkır Türkleri tarafından ev eşyalarında, savaş aletlerinde, at koşum takımlarında, süs eşyalarında ve takılarda başarılı bir şekilde kullanılmıştır. Bu durum hem buluntulardan elde edilen sonuçlardan hem de kaynakların verdiği bilgilerden net bir şekilde anlaşılmaktadır. En eski devirlerden itibaren bahsi geçen metalleri cevherinden ayırma ve işleme konusunda Dünya’da şöhret kazanan bozkır Türkleri için özellikle demir oldukça önemli kutsal bir metal olmuştur.

Bozkır Türkleri açısından demir bu Dünya’ya ait olmayan mitolojik bir metaldir. Bu durum araştırmacıların geneli tarafından demirin gökselliği ile ilişkilendirilmiştir. Nitekim bozkır Türklerinin ilk işledikleri toprak altından çıkarılarak cevherinden elde edilen demir olmamıştır. Demir işleme sanatına ilk defa gökten düşen meteor demiri ile başlayan bozkır Türklerinin, göğü Tanrı mekânı olarak kabul ettikleri bilinen bir gerçektir. Bu inanış çerçevesinde değerlendirildiğinde gökten düşen meteor demirinin Tanrı tarafından hediye ve lütuf olarak gönderilme ihtimali Türk kültürü açısından yadırganacak bir düşünce tarzı değildir. Demirin Türk kültüründeki bu kutsal pozisyonu onu işleyerek şekillendiren ve özel ruhlar vasıtasıyla korunduğu düşünülen demircilerin, hatta onların kullandığı örs, çekiç ve körük gibi aletlerin dahi kutsal kabul edilmesine sebep olmuştur.
Memlûklerde La‘bü’l-Kürre “Çevgân”
Authors: ÇIPLAK Esra
Published: December 2021

Memlûk Devleti’nin tüm kademelerinde varlık bulduğu askerî yapı, disiplinli bir askerî eğitimin sonucudur. Memlûk sistemi olarak adlandırılan bu askerî eğitimin baş yapıtı sayılan furûsiyye ilmi içerisindeki aktiviteler, memlûklerin yeteneklerini geliştirmeleri için önemli olup fizîkî kondisyonla beraber pek çok konuda deneyim kazanmalarına neden olmuştur. Furûsiyye ilminin başlıklarından biri olan çevgân oyunu da bu minvalden olup Türk atlı bozkır kültüründen doğmuştur. Türklerin Orta Asya’dan Mısır’a getirdiği at kültürü ile askerlik kabiliyetlerini zinde tutan bu tür aktiviteler sadece talimgahta talim olarak değil aynı zamanda özel merasimlerde gösteri olarak sergilenmiştir. Edebiyatta bazen sevgilinin beni, bazen saçı bazen de aşkın kendisi olan çevgân bu yönüyle sanatın da konusu olmuştur. Askerî talim ve eğlencenin kesiştiği noktada çevgân, memlûklerde lâ‘bü’l-kürre olarak adlandırılmış ve bu makalede oyun tanıtılarak oyunun ana malzemesinin sorumlusu olan çevgândârın saray hizmetindeki önemine dikkat çekilmiştir.
Gülmenin ve Güldürmenin Ahlâkî Değeri Üzerine Kısa Bir Soruşturma
Authors: AKSU İbrahim
Published: December 2021

Gülme, insan türünün temel özelliklerinden biridir. İnsanın bu ayırt edici ve doğal özelliği filozoflar tarafından ahlâkî sorgulamaların konusu olmuştur. Gülmenin ahlâkî açıdan sahip olduğu değer hakkında tartışma yürüten filozoflar, bununla bağlantılı olarak güldürme edimini de incelemişlerdir. Filozofların bir kısmı gülme ve güldürme edimlerini erdem sayacak derecede önemli görmüş; bir kısmı ise bunları ahlâken olumsuz olarak nitelendirmiştir. Bu makale, klasik dönem İslam filozoflarının ahlâka dair sorgulamalarında gülme ve güldürme edimlerini nasıl değerlendirdiklerini ve onları ahlâkî yetkinlik süreci içerisinde nerede konumlandırdıklarını tartışmaktadır. Tartışma neticesinde şu sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır: İslam filozofları, gülme ve güldürme edimlerinde aşırıya kaçıldığı taktirde ahlâken olumsuz bir durumun ortaya çıktığı konusunda hemfikirdir. Ancak filozoflar arasında, ölçülü biçimde sergilendikleri taktirde bunların ahlâkî yönden kazanacakları yeni değer hususunda fikir ayrılığı bulunmaktadır. Filozofların bir kısmı bunların erdem olacaklarını, bir kısmı ise ahlâkî açıdan aynı olumsuz değere sahip olmaya devam edeceklerini ileri sürmektedir.
Estimation Techniques for MIMO-OFDM-A Review
Authors: Yadav Varsha , Garg Prashant
Published: December 2021

In the context of Third-Generation Partnership Project Long-Term Evolution (3GPP LTE), the target data rates are 100 Mb/s in downlink and 50 Mb/s in uplink, and other system features include flexible bandwidths and moderate power consumption of mobile terminals. While the previous 3GPP generations, namely, 3G UMTS and 3.5G HSPA, rely on code-division multiple access (CDMA), LTE adopts orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA)-based technologies for its uplink and downlink. Due to high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of OFDMA signals, the single- carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA), also known as discrete Fourier transform (DFT)-spread OFDMA, has been selected for the uplink transmission in 3GPP LTE systems. SC-FDMA has similar throughput performance as OFDMA but with lower PAPR to increase power efficiency and is less sensitive to frequency synchronization errors, which makes it favorable for mobile terminals.
Reviews of books and doctoral thesis
Authors: Varios Autores
Published: December 2021

Reseñas de libros:Jorge García Valldecabres. Universitat Politècnica de València - Cementerios patrimoniales y turismo: una visión multidisciplinar. V.V.A.A. Editorial Síntesis. Madrid. 2020. ISBN: 978-84-1357-016-7. 401 páginas.María Concepción López González. Universitat Politècnica de València - Representation challenges. Augmented reality and artificial intelligence in cultural heritage and innovative design domain. Andrea Giordano, Michele Russo, Roberta Spallone (Eds.). Franco Angeli. Milano. 2021. ISBN: 978-88-3511-687-5. eISBN: 978-88-3512-528-0. 432 pages.José Antonio Barrera Vera. Universidad de Sevilla - Redrawing the future of graphic expression applied to building / Redibujando el futuro de la expresión gráfica aplicada a la edificación. Ruth Pino Suárez, Norena Martín Dorta (Eds.) Tirant lo Blanch. Valencia. 2021. ISBN: 978-84-1865-693-4. 1340 pagesMarina Sender Contell. Universitat Politècnica de València - Modifica. Modificaciones del confort visual en centros residenciales para la mejora de la calidad de vida de las personas mayores. Ana Torres Barchino. Universitat Politècnica de València. Valencia. 2020. ISBN: 978-84-9048-866-9. 411 páginas.Mª Aurora Flórez de la Colina. Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. - Future of the city. Dorota Gawryluk, Dorota Anna Krawczyk (eds.) Publishing House of Bialystok. University of Technology. Białystok, Poland. 2021. ISBN: 978-83-66391-62-8 (eBook). 110 páginas.Pablo Jeremías Juan Gutiérrez. Universidad Politécnica de Madrid - De la utopía al desencanto. Un paseo por la ingeniería y la literatura. José Ramón Navarro Vera. Publishing House of Bialystok Publicaciones de la Universitat d’Alacant. Col·lecció d’Assaig/7. San Vicente del Raspeig (Alicante), España. 2021. ISBN: 978-84-9717-763-4. 214 páginas. Reseñas de tesis doctorales:Mercedes Valiente López. Universidad Politécnica de MadridPieza termoplástica modular impresa. Aplicación de la tecnología 3D a los procesos constructivos / Printed thermoplastic modular piece.  Author/Autor: Sandra Moyano Sanz. Thesis Supervisor/Director:Dr. Mercedes Valiente López. Date/Fecha de Lectura: 12 de Noviembre de 2021
Jornalismo efêmero: o uso de stories do Instagram pela Folha de S.Paulo
Authors: Longhi Raquel Ritter , Pagoto Lia Gabriela
Published: December 2021

As transformações oriundas da nova morfologia social, mediada pela tecnologia, trouxeram alterações significativas no modo de consumir e produzir notícias. Na esteira da mobilidade, sites de redes sociais, como o Instagram, por meio dos Stories, trazem nova luz para as ideias de efemeridade e instantaneidade jornalísticas. Depois de refletir sobre a emergência do efêmero na produção ciberjornalística, este artigo faz uma análise da adaptação de conteúdos jornalísticos para o Instagram Story através do #nãodurmasemsaber, veiculado diariamente no perfil da Folha de S.Paulo no Instagram. Por meio de análise de conteúdo e observação simples, o artigo verifica de que forma o veículo se adapta à ferramenta nativa da rede social, verificando características da produção deste microformato jornalístico  considerando os seguintes aspectos: volume e frequência;  recursos e formas expressivas utilizadas. A conclusão mostra que, no caso em tela, ainda é tímida a exploração dos recursos entregues pelo microformato, embora este obedeça, em certa medida, à nova lógica de consumo informacional, que, por sua vez, responde a uma dialética temporal do presente. Desta forma, pode-se afirmar que o formato se insere na racionalidade contemporânea que reflete a efemeridade.
A ecologia midiática do audiovisual em ambientes multiplataforma
Authors: Cajazeira Paulo Eduardo Silva Lins , Souza José Jullian Gomes
Published: December 2021

O estudo consiste em analisar como os aplicativos digitais têm reconfigurado o sistema de arquivamento da memória audiovisual, cujo acesso é instantâneo, móvel e em multiplataforma. Nesse cenário da ecologia midiática, o aplicativo Globoplay se apresenta como esse atual lugar da memória televisiva, fortalecendo o vínculo entre espectadores/usuários em tempos de convergência tecnológica e mobilidade. A metodologia é de natureza qualitativa e perpassa um estudo exploratório sobre o Globoplay, identificando os novos processos de construção da memória televisiva e a interação em ambientes multiplataformas com o espectador/usuário. Entende-se que nessa ecologia midiática audiovisual existe uma construção dos lugares de memória nos ambientes digitais, expandindo a presença da TV em ambientes multiplataformas de forma fragmentada.
“Hoje é impossível o jornalismo se dissociar totalmente das plataformas digitais”
Authors: Flores Ana Marta
Published: December 2021

Entrevista realizada por Ana Marta Flores.
Da relação com o Outro às transformações sociotécnicas: desafios ao jornalismo
Authors: Silva Terezinha , Guidotti Flávia Garcia
Published: December 2021

A abertura do jornalismo ao reconhecimento do Outro, o modo como se implica com as demandas de cidadãos comuns ou ainda sua participação na promoção de direitos humanos são temáticas  cada vez mais exploradas na pesquisa em jornalismo e discutida em práticas jornalísticas. Expressam algumas das formas contemporâneas de referir as expectativas sociais historicamente criadas e dirigidas ao jornalismo e aos relatos que constrói sobre o mundo e os atores que o povoam.  Tomamos esta relação da atividade jornalística com a alteridade,  em um contexto de profundas transformações sociais e tecnológicas que desafiam o jornalismo e a sociedade,  como ponto de partida para apresentar a edição semestral, volume 18, número 2,  da revista Estudos em Jornalismo em Mídia. Ela inclui 14 artigos de temas livres, uma entrevista e duas resenhas de livros.
UPAYA PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN KONEKSI MATEMATIS SISWA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE EKSPOSITORI PADA MATERI TRIGONOMETRI
Authors: Fajriati Nur , Novianti Novianti , Apriani Wiwin
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan koneksi matematis siswa dengan menggunakan metode Ekspositori pada materi trigonometri  kelas X di MAN 1 Bireuen. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, dengan jenis Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X IPA¹ berjumlah 25 orang siswa, semester genap tahun ajaran 2020/2021. Dari hasil tes siklus I diperoleh data siswa yang mendapatkan skor adalah 64%, sedangkan pada siklus II diperoleh 92 %. Dari hasil tersebut terjadi peningkatan sebesar 28%. Hasil observasi aktifitas guru pada siklus I adalah 82,7% meningkat menjadi 95,4% pada siklus II. Sedangkan hasil observasi aktivitas siswa siklus I adalah 84,5% meningkat menjadi 93,6% pada siklus II termasuk ke dalam kategori sangat baik. Dengan demikian kriteria keberhasilan belajar dan proses pembelajaran siklus II sudah berhasil serta hasil wawancara siswa menunjukkan bahwa siswa senang belajar matematika pada materi trigonometri melalui metode Ekspositori. Hal ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode pembelajaran Ekspositori yang telah dilaksanakan dapat meningkatkan kemampuan koneksi matematis siswa pada materi trigonometri kelas  X IPA¹ di MAN 1 Bireuen.
Convenio de la OIT Nº 190, implicaciones jurídicas y sociales en el Ecuador
Authors: León Loza Jaime Israel , Salazar Orozco Ricardo
Published: December 2021

El Convenio sobre la violencia y el acoso emitido por la Organización Internacional del Trabajo, constituye un instrumento internacional que se incorpora al conjunto de normas que buscan erradicar la violencia. A través de él, los Estados deben reconocer y garantizar el derecho de toda persona a un mundo de trabajo libre de violencia y acoso. Este estudio descriptivo con enfoque cualitativo tiene por objetivo general: analizar las implicaciones jurídicas y sociales del Convenio de la OIT No. 190 en el Ecuador sobre la violencia y acoso laboral. Para lograr dicho objetivo se emplearon métodos científicos, como la revisión bibliográfica, el análisis documental, el exegético, el histórico–lógico y el analítico–sintético. Entre los principales hallazgos se encuentra que la implementación adecuada del Convenio N° 190 de la OIT promueve espacios seguros para el desarrollo de las actividades de las personas en el trabajo y facilita el acceso a las opciones de reconocimiento de sus derechos, cuando sean vulnerados, mediante las instituciones promovidas por los Estados.
¿Cultura de paz o cultura adversarial en el Distrito Judicial del cantón Loja?
Authors: Urrutia Santillán Verónica Patricia , Jaramillo León Alexandra Anabel
Published: December 2021

El objetivo de este trabajo, es analizar la Mediación como una forma alternativa de resolución de conflictos, particularmente en el Derecho de Familia en el Distrito Judicial del Cantón Loja. A través de una metodología cuanti-cualitativa sistematizada mediante los métodos exegético, análisis documental, revisión bibliográfica, histórico-lógico y estadístico, así como mediante las técnicas de encuesta y entrevista se describen y reflejan los resultados obtenidos, que muestran que la cultura de paz, como un método alternativo a la solución de conflictos, está ganando una amplia aceptación en las controversias que se suscitan en temas de Derecho de familia; concluyendo que en el Cantón de Loja, la ciudadanía y los abogados prefieren una cultura de paz, ocupando los servicios de los centros de mediación en temas de derecho de familia, ya que confían en los mismos por su agilidad, economía de recursos y porque las partes llegan a soluciones pacíficas. Alternativa que, con pleno reconocimiento jurídico, permite descongestionar la carga judicial.
La vulneración de derechos, su incidencia en la salud mental de mujeres víctimas de violencia
Authors: Bermúdez Santana Diana Maricela , Solís Núñez Andrea Isabel
Published: December 2021

Los Derechos Humanos desde una perspectiva jurídica, son el conjunto de facultades que tienen como finalidad la protección y búsqueda de la dignidad de las personas; sin embargo, se evidencia un incremento en la vulneración de derechos, pero su impacto varía dependiendo del sexo de la víctima, siendo las mujeres el grupo históricamente discriminado. Ante esta realidad se propone como objetivo del presente trabajo determinar el impacto que genera la vulneración de derechos hacia las mujeres víctimas de violencia, así como el alcance de la protección jurídica existente. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo con enfoque cualitativo sustentado en los métodos de investigación; concluyendo que  a pesar de la existencia de un  marco normativo nacional e internacional de protección de los Derechos Humanos de las mujeres víctimas de violencia, esta sigue siendo un reto, frente a la verdadera y efectiva protección e incluso a la asimetría entre hombres y mujeres, marcada por la desigualdad de poder, la desvalorización de las mujeres y su constante subordinación hacia los hombres. La violencia hacia la mujer causa en ellas el estrés postraumático, la ansiedad, la depresión y los sentimientos de auto destrucción. Es necesario implementar políticas efectivas para mitigar sus causa y consecuencias.
Alteraciones fonológicas causadas por la dislexia en estudiantes de la Educación General Básica
Authors: Coraisaca Quituizaca Elizabeth Carolina , Ordoñez Pardo Jonathan Carlos , Ontaneda Arias Luz María
Published: December 2021

El objetivo de este ensayo es analizar las alteraciones fonológicas causadas por la dislexia, para así dar respuesta a las siguientes preguntas: ¿la dislexia genera alteraciones fonológicas en el individuo?, ¿las alteraciones fonológicas a causa de la dislexia perjudican el aprendizaje de los individuos? y ¿el déficit de procesamiento temporal es la fuente del trastorno fonológico en individuos que padecen dislexia? Se asumió una investigación descriptiva con enfoque cualitativo sustentada en los métodos de investigación revisión bibliográfica, análisis documental, analítico-sintético e histórico-lógico.  Se concluye que la dislexia puede ser causa suficiente de alteraciones fonológicas, aunque si bien estas pueden surgir de otras dificultades sensoriales como motoras, en cuanto al impacto en el aprendizaje se pudo constatar que las alteraciones fonológicas pueden suceder de acuerdo a la gravedad de la afección debido al reconocimiento de palabras, la fluidez, lectura, etc. Las personas disléxicas se ven afectadas por deficiencias en el procesamiento fonológico como la representación, almacenamiento, recuperación de los sonidos del habla, volviéndolos lentos para tareas rápidas que requieren del acceso a elementos léxicos familiares
Investigation of the dynamics of heating metal-dielectric structures with nanometer conductive film under the influence of microwave fields
Authors: Arsenichev Sergei , Grigoriev, Evgeniy , Mazinov Alim , Parmenov Oleg , Fitaev Ibragim
Published: December 2021

The paper presents the results of experimental studies and analysis of the dynamics of heating of metal-dielectric structures (MDS) with aluminum conducting films on glass or sitall substrates when exposed to powerful microwave fields, as well as when exposed to direct and alternating currents.
Glose despre limbajul poetic
Authors: Chioaru Dumitru
Published: December 2021

The author presents some of the modern poetic language theories from the twentieth century. He begins with the idea that poetry, as a particular art of discourse, was (and still is) described alongside prose, with a difference in the use of language, with several close-ups and departures, in relation to the double intention of communication of language: reflexive or transitive.
Translation and Cultural Identity: Romanian Culturemes in the Works of Ion Creangă and Mihail Sadoveanu
Authors: Mureșanu Anca
Published: December 2021

Identity has always been viewed as a key notion in translation studies. Time and again people assume that national identity is homogeneous and that it manifests itself in a particular language and culture. Nowadays, translation takes place in such a context where identity, culture or tradition is no longer homogeneous. In the process of translation – since so many new traditions and cultures are brought into focus – identities are slowly fading out or removed to make way for new ones. Translation allows existing identities to open up as host languages and cultures and it makes the creation of new areas of identity easy, the result resting upon the translator’s ability to bridge cultural differences. This present article provides a glimpse into the labor the translators go through when it comes to maintaining and negotiating meaning, identity and cultural differences between two languages.
The Interplay Between Social Movements and Media: From Creative Ways to Grab Media Attention to Spreading Fake News
Authors: Mureșan Raluca
Published: December 2021

Throughout this study we have attempted to identify how the media approached the protests from the period 2017-2019, protests which showed a massive change for the better concerning Romanian civic engagement and shaped a culture of protest characterized by a highly creative and humorful approach. In order to attract the attention of mass-media and to maximize the impact of their actions, protesters made use of modern communication tools and resorted to intricate choreographies and symbols. Social media played an important role in the organization and promotion of the protests, facilitating the transmission of information and acting like a catalyst of the popular discontent.
Pour une réception politique de Roland Barthes en Europe de l’Est
Authors: Matei Alexandru
Published: December 2021

In this article, we state that research on Roland Barthes is generally divided into two branches. On one hand, there are studies devoted to unearth how Barthes responds to contradictions opposing his projects, his ideas about literature and modernity and how literature and language really function in his contemporary social world. On the other hand, researchers try to follow the dialectics of his own work as embedded in the history of the 20th century and in different national or regional readings. We consider that the second approach has to be developed furthermore, mainly from the vantage point of East European researchers who are now able to reconsider Barthes’ entire work in the light of their own historical and intellectual experience and to revisit its political dimension.
« Jamais plus ». Le Journal de deuil ou comment écrire la mort
Authors: Jderu Despina
Published: December 2021

This article aims to analyze the role of mourning in Barthes’s late work, insisting mainly on his Mourning Diary. We flesh out the writing specificities of this work, written in 1977 and published posthumously, trying to emphasize the tension between the need to express grief and its inexpressible sharpness. We attempt to outline the ways in which the experience of mourning reshapes the writing process and exerts a major influence on Barthes’s literary practice and life.
Emphatic Sentences: A Comparative-Translational Study of Formal-Functional Relations in English and Romanian
Authors: Arhire Mona
Published: December 2021

Emphasis, a well-acknowledged stylistic device, is a carrier of a considerable load of emotional content in the fictional dialogue. Its manifestation can take sundry forms and can be attached to a wide range of feelings and can take different degrees of intensity, all of which determines the creation of the atmosphere and impacts the reception by the readership. This paper reports on the investigation of the occurrence of emphasis embedded in the dialogic utterances of John Fowles’ novel Mantissa. The focus lies on the relation between the formal construction of emphatic sentences and the functional values deriving therefrom. The study entails a comparative analysis of emphatic utterances depicted from the English original text and its translation into Romanian. The three research questions refer to the comparative-contrastive realization of emphatic sentences in the two languages, to the extent to which the functional component succeeds in being transferred to the target language and to possible means of compensation when structural differences pose translational problems. The analysis is structured along a typology of sentences adapted to the nature of the text under scrutiny and to the aims of this study. The findings and conclusions ultimately indicate the importance of establishing a relation between form and function in matter of emphasis in the literary dialogue as an act of communication depending on linguistic devices for its effectiveness.
Absolvenții: modelul American și poeții optzeciști
Authors: Ciotloș Cosmin
Published: December 2021

The current study is both an inventory and an interrogation: on the one hand, it makes an inventory of the dynamics of affinities that the poets of the Monday Literary Circle (and, by extension, of the 1980s’ generation) felt for the American literary model; on the other hand, it questions the genuine nature of this relationship, that is often inflated in recollection. Are Cărtărescu, Coșovei, Iaru, Bucur and the others just mere local Beatniks, as they have been accused (and were never prompt in refuting)? How do they themselves define this relationship? A possible answer might be found at the end of the analysis, where I introduce a (never before published) document: Traian T. Coșovei’s Bachelor thesis.
Opt traduceri mai puțin cunoscute ale lui Mircea Eliade din Aldo Mieli, Raffaele Pettazzoni și Sylvain Lévi
Authors: Apostu Andreea
Published: December 2021

This paper aims to analyze the way in which Mircea Eliade became, in 1926, a vector of the cultural and scientific transfer between Western Europe and Romania, through his translations of eight fragments from Aldo Mieli, Raffaele Pettazzoni and Sylvain Lévi’s major works. Two out of these eight translations seem to have been ignored to this day by researchers, whilst the others have only been mentioned in passing. The choices made by Eliade, the context in which these translations were published (the journal Orizontul/The Horizon and its public, the precarious state of the history of religions at that time in Romania etc.) and their echoes in Eliade’s works prove that they can be seen as an example of cultural transfer. They also play an important part in the foundation of the history of religions as a discipline in Romania, being, in a way, the textual equivalents of Eliade’s institutional aspiration to found an association and a library for the study of religions, as expressed in his letters to Raffaele Pettazzoni.
Reprezentări ale devianței psihologice în Concert din muzică de Bach, de Hortensia Papadat-Bengescu
Authors: Coman Daniel
Published: December 2021

Drawing partially on Ovid S. Crohmălniceanu’s suggestion that the interwar Romanian novel depicts mental illness, this paper aims to analyze the representations of such psychological ailments in Hortensia Papadat-Bengescu’s A Concert of Music by Bach. However, the thesis that I put forward is that the novel is more than a mere inventory of disabled characters, as this difference is charged with ideological meaning, which is revealed when the reader takes into account the metaphors of disability that abound in the novel. In several cases, the character’s difference is doubled by a theriomorphic figure, associating thus mental illness with monstrosity, animality, savagery, and angelism. As a result, the aforementioned characters are represented as alterity, as humas that have lost their human characteristics.
Dostoievski și literatura Gulagului
Authors: Tucan Dumitru
Published: December 2021

This paper aims to describe and analyze the references and allusions made by the authors who write about the Soviet Gulag to Dostoevsky and to his text written after his imprisonment in the tsarist prison in Omsk, The House of the Dead (1860- 1862). Starting from the premise that The House of the Dead has a special status as it is a text that makes the transition from the classical and vaguely defined genre of prison literature (i.e. literature written in prison or related – however not always explicitly – to the prison experience) to that of testimonial literature (i.e. literature related to a traumatic experience of a collective nature that is able to testify on behalf of those who remain to suffer in prisons or concentration camps), I will emphasize the testimonial character of Dostoevsky’s writing. Subsequently, I will analyze how the authors who write about their experiences in the Soviet camps (Gustaw Herling-Grudziński, A World Apart, Julius Margolin, Journey into the Land of Zeks and Back, Varlam Shalamov, Kolyma Tales, Yevgenia Ginzburg, Journey into the Whirlwind, Within the Whirlwind, and Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, The Gulag Archipelago) relate to Dostoevsky’s text. At first, the references to Dostoevsky highlight the continuity between the two repressive systems: the tsarist katorga and the Soviet Gulag (Gustaw Herling-Grudziński). Later, however, the differences between them become apparent, as the Gulag writers all highlight in their writing the extent and intensity of the suffering experienced by those who lived through the hell of the repressions in the Gulag. In this way, they enter in an ironic and polemical dialogue with the nineteenth-century Russian writer. In the end, this polemical separation from Dostoevsky shows how the Gulag writers abandon the messianic and humanistic innocence of the nineteenth-century prison literature in the context of the totalitarian and repressive system of the twentieth century.
Spre o Școală rusă de relații internaționale? Trei decenii de dezbateri naționale în context global și regional
Authors: Onea Veronica
Published: December 2021

The aim of this article is to respond to two main questions: is there a link between the major trends within Global IR and the developments of the disciplines of IR on the national and regional levels (in Eastern Europe), and how these major trends are influencing the International Studies in Russia. In this regard, the present case study is a specific one because it clearly shows the post-Soviet evolutions of social sciences, the interconnecting trends within Global IR and the development of national IR, and the identity dilemmas of post-Soviet Russia. From this point onwards, I discuss the leading directions of the past decade’s debates within the Russian academic space regarding the Russian International Studies and the project of the Russian School of IR. The current developments suggest that the maturing Russian discipline of IR and the project of the Russian School of IR are still at the stage of epistemic search.
Genurile romanului românesc (1933-1947). O analiză cantitativă
Authors: Terian Andrei , Farmatu Teona , Borza Cosmin , Varga Dragoș , Văsieș Alex , Morariu David
Published: December 2021

This article puts forward a quantitative account of the subgenres of the Romanian novel during the 1933-1947 period. It shows the massive domination of the social novel and the Bildungsroman and analyzes the dynamics of genre and popular literature – adventure novels, detective fiction, SF, etc. – within the first period of massive literary production in Romanian literature. The article is the result of the MDRR (Muzeul Digital al Romanului Românesc – The Digital Museum of the Romanian Novel) projects, set out to archive the Romanian production of novels from 1845 (the year of the publication of the – arguably – first Romanian novel) to 1947, right before the establishment of the communist regime. The first part is a quantitative analysis of the novels according to DCRR (Dicționarul cronologic al romanului românesc – The Chronological Dictionary of the Romanian Novel). The second part analyzes the “dynamics of popular subgenres,” meaning adventure novels, policiers, SF novels, and children’s literature. The third part envisions “the social novel” as a predilect genre of the interwar period, the fourth occasions a reading of the “historical novel,” while the last two sections describe the evolution of sentimental and psychological novels.
Natura în romanul românesc (1845-1947)
Authors: Ciorogar Alex , Codină Jessica Brenda , Văsieș Alex , Pojoga Vlad , Baghiu Ștefan , Martin Anca-Simina
Published: December 2021

A post-anthropocentric epistemological assemblage becomes indispensable in the investigation of the ecology of the Romanian novel. We examine the interactive relationship of various dynamic systems, such as 1) the evolution of the Romanian novel, 2) the modes of representation of the environment, and 3) the social-political history of the autochthonous space. Using a wide range of methodological perspectives, this paper also examines the relationship between literature and the Earth sciences, thus envisioning a new type of literary history where the Romanian novel should be thought as existing within hyper-objects, such as the climate, agriculture, wilderness, pollution, biosphere, cultural politics, capitalism, or geology. The article finally addresses the issue of zoopoetics both as an object of study in the MDRR digital archive (1845-1947) and as a reading strategy, thus, favoring the relationship between animality and narrativity.
Precaritate și cosmopolitism în romanul românesc (1845-1947): muncă, hrană, sănătate, îmbrăcăminte, mondenitate
Authors: Rădescu Cătălina , Chiorean Maria , Baghiu Ștefan , Mîrț Andreea , Codină Jessica Brenda , Strugari Nicoleta
Published: December 2021

The present study dwells on an archive that includes around 85% of the Romanian production of novel from 1845 to 1947 and analyzes the social aspects of daily life in the fictional worlds of realist novels published in this timespan. From work conditions to the rights of employees, from hunger to bountifulness, from modesty to display, two different hemispheres seem to co-exist: a rustical and narrow one of the rural, liminal spaces, and a cosmopolitan and broad one of cities and mobility. Without a doubt, besides this spatial influence over daily life, an even more important one, that sometimes is complementary to the first and sometimes it overarches it is social class. In the mirrored image of the realist Romanian novel until 1947, there is nothing more consequential for individual and collective characters than class, and the differences between classes are closely linked to all dimensions of daily life described in our article.
Locuire și spațiu în romanul românesc (1845-1947)
Authors: Chiorean Maria , Bâlici Mihnea , Stanislav Cătălina , Mîrț Andreea , Olaru Ovio , Pojoga Vlad
Published: December 2021

This article aims to investigate the depiction of living space(s) and architecture in the Romanian novel between 1844 and 1947. It has a descriptive dimension, discussing the construction of fictional worlds through a series of key-issues: a fascination with urban spaces (with the centralization/ provincialization of urban imagery), the function allowed to women vs. men in various social spheres (certain rooms, certain public fora), the disintegration of urban families, precarious living on the fringes of urban society etc. The authors map the occurrence of such new phenomena or spatial mutations, commenting on their historical context and scope (through statistical analysis). At the same time, there is a more reflexive, theoretical side to our research. Drawing on the work of theorists like Bertrand Westphal, Henri Lefebvre, Nirmal Puwar, and Habermas (to name but a few), this article asks many vital questions pertaining to geocriticism and sociocriticism alike: what is the difference between a place and fictional space; how can we define the public and the private sphere in the Romanian novel through issues like political participation and representation, exclusion, agency, and the right to leisure; how exactly do social norms and relationships contribute to the construction and the organisation of novelistic space?
Bréviaire des lecteurs – Cioran et les enjeux du lire
Authors: Baron Dumitra
Published: December 2021

In this article, we propose to identify some theoretical issues on the reading act, as they are constantly formulated by the Romanian-born French writer Cioran (1911-1995) in his works and notebooks, constituting by their unsystematic characteristics an authentic readers’ (fragmented) handbook. After the identification of several types of reading that Cioran mentions in his writings, we will mainly focus our observations on comparing and associating them to the theories of reading of his time (considering some concepts and aesthetic practices as defined by Hans Robert Jauss, Roland Barthes or Antoine Compagnon).
Avangarda revizitată (I)
Authors: Ilie Rodica
Published: December 2021

There is plain filiation between the atmosphere and the general configuration of the movements we call the historical Avant-Garde and the spirit of the revolutionary Romanticism. Literary theorists and critics brought it to the fore, both organically – insofar as the similarities between the two paradigms are spelled out by the dynamics of the history of sensibility and taste – and typologically, in its mythological and thematic redundancies, in reiterating acute polemical gestures and attitudes or in manifesting violence against tradition. This study aims to articulate the artistic and political duality defining these two artistic paradigms, by using comparative evaluation and by illustrating canonical notions such as subject, revolution, progress.
Die Rolle der Presse und Zensur für die Literaturkreise in der kommunistischen Vergangenheit Rumäniens
Authors: Manea Laura
Published: December 2021

The study takes on the role of the press, publishers, writers’ associations for the German literary circles in Romania in the period 1949-1989. These institutions endeavored to support young authors by publishing their literary creation but only under certain conditions which are detailed in the article. Another focus is on how censorship and self-censorship worked. The examples given show different effects of censorship on writers and poets. When some authors dared to slip texts with a subversive message, other writers preferred to stay away from the literary scene because they thought it was better to write literature for the desk drawer (Schubladenliteratur) and wait for better times to publish it. The result of these constraints referring to the writing process finally determined the authors to encode criticism in their texts, readers being forced to read between the lines.
Structuralismul în revistele de filozofie din România comunistă: respingere și acomodare (1954-1967)
Authors: Baghiu Ștefan
Published: December 2021

This article presents the reception of structuralism in linguistics, psychology, social sciences, anthropology, and literature as viewed from the perspective of the most important philosophical journals in Romanian communism, Cercetări filozofice [Philosophical Research] and Revista de filozofie [The Philosophy Magazine] during the period between 1953 and 1967. Following François Dosse’s delineation between two phases of the development of structuralism (before and after 1967), Baghiu argues that in Romania – and possibly in Eastern Europe – structuralism was only taken serious as a methodology after the debate on Roland Barthes and Michel Foucault during 1967. Before that, every structuralist figure was criticized as bourgeois and idealistic. While Barthes becomes one of the most important references of French structuralism, Foucault becomes a sort of a public enemy in 1967, after his Les mots et les choses, which is viewed in socialist countries as anti-humanistic thought and thus rejected. This allows Baghiu to describe 1967 as a benchmark in which both structuralism and poststructuralism gain preeminence in philosophical debates in Romania, yet in different manners.
Căldură mare. Temperatura pasiunilor în Ion de Liviu Rebreanu
Authors: Terian Andrei
Published: December 2021

This article aims to explore the meanings and functions of temperature in Liviu Rebreanu’s novel Ion. The conclusions of my research are paradoxical from at least two points of view: first, the Romanian writer uses a language that is at once rudimentary and subtle, encoding a small number of meanings, but in a discreet manner; then, Rebreanu creates a genuine scale of passions arranged on the axis cold (death) – warmth (life), but at the same time he regards the boiling passions as forebodings of death.
The Pressure of Eurochronology and the Romanian Rural Prose
Authors: Goldiș Alex
Published: December 2021

The paper looks at the Romanian relationship between modernism and rural imagination in the Romanian 20th century debates. As in other cases of semi-peripheral or emergent literatures (the general framework builds on contributions from Frederic Jameson, Pascale Casanova and Wai Chee Dimock), the hegemonical pressure of the Eurochronology has put an embargo on rural prose, excluding it from the projects of modernist literature. The study asserts that far from being a collateral symptom of modernity, rural imaginary is essential for understanding its contradictory mechanisms.
The Winning Formula. Convenții și stereotipuri ale romanului haiducesc în Mina haiduceasa. Fata codrilor de George Baronzi
Authors: Varga Dragoș
Published: December 2021

The article aims to identify some of the peculiarities of the XIXth century outlaw novel in relation to the conventions and the stereotypes of the adventure novel, focusing on George Baronzi’s novel, Mina the Outlaw. The Girl of the Forests, an agreeable novel in spite of several narrative clumsiness. The novelty comes from the fact that the novel proposes a female character in the role of the hero, somehow accumulating the conventions and some narrative invariants specific to the outlaw novel, but also to the sentimental novel, the plot having as a starting point a love story. The novel is, therefore, chracterized by a certain naivity specific to the subgenre and to the literary period to which it belongs, but the author cannot be blamed for the lack of a certain sense of suspense and proliferation of adventures, by moving from one conflict to another, by changing the setting of the action thus activating its narrative potential.
https://revistatransilvania.ro/the-unknown-michael-cernea-at-90/
Authors: Rostás Zoltan
Published: December 2021

This paper is written for Professor Michael Cernea’ 90th birthday. However, I did not perform an in-depth analysis of his work as a sociologist of development because his contributions are worldwide known. What is less known is his activity before his employment at the World Bank, in 1974. He did his studies during a period when sociology was banned in Romania. Despite this, he became one of the pioneers of the process of rehabilitation of sociological field research in Romania. First, he dealt with industrial and urban sociology. Then, under the influence of interwar sociological traditions, he turned to rural sociology. The activity after 1974 cannot be fully understood without knowing the Romanian background of this sociologist who has recently turned 90.
What Is Fake News: A New Definition
Authors: Terian Simina-Maria
Published: December 2021

Fake news is one of the most debated social phenomena of recent years. It has been the subject not only of several attempts at defining it, but also of numerous comparative analyses of prevalent definitions. Nonetheless, the present article fosters the ambition of offering a new definition. The innovation of my definition stems from the fact that it departs from the dominant “hybrid view” on fake news, which considers the defining traits of the phenomenon to be its truth value (i.e., its falseness) and the intention of its author (i.e., to mislead its public). Opposing this view, the present article argues that the producer’s intent is irrelevant in regard to classifying news as fake news. On the contrary, the defining trait of fake news is, alongside the falsehood of its content, the discourse’s perlocutionary force, which invariably entails a call to action addressed to the text’s recipient.
Comparative assessment of the ecological state of Timiryazevsky district forest park zones in Moscow
Authors:   RSAU-MTAA, Andreeva Irina , Morev Dmitry , Taller Evgeny , Vasenev Ivan
Published: December 2021

The article presents the results of a comparative environmental assessment of the quality of the environment in the central and outlying zones of two forest parks, contrasting in area, types and magnitude of anthropogenic load, - the Experimental Forest Station and the Dubki Culture and Recreation Park, located in the Timiryazevsky district of Moscow. The quality of the environment in the undisturbed forest biocenosis in the center of the Experimental Forest Station corresponded to the quality of the environment in the rural areas of the Moscow Region, while the environmental situation in the outlying zones of both forest parks bordering various urban infrastructure facilities deviated to varying degrees from the conditional norm. The worst indicators of the environmental quality and forest stand conditions were noted in the recreational zones located at the III-IV stage of digression, as well as in the zones bordering the roads, within which the degree of fluctuating asymmetry of birch leaves was suspended and the cellulolytic activity of the soil was 1.5-2.5 times lower than the background. The combination of recreational and transport loads reduced the quality of the environment in the Dubki park to a critical level. Keywords: CITY FOREST, BORDERLAND, ANTHROPOGENIC LOAD, POLLUTION, RECREATION, DEGRADATION, FLUCTUATING ASYMMETRY, CELLULOLYTIC ACTIVITY, APPLICATION METHOD, AIRBORNE POLLUTION, SNOW COVER
Desafíos en el cuidado de enfermería ante la COVID-19, en el Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González, México.
Authors: Balseiro-Almario Carmen Lasty , Suasto-Gómez Wendy Melina , Chaparro-Sánchez María Adriana , Tapia-Juárez Yohyotzin Edgar , Jiménez-Escobar Irma , Morales-Landa Marivel , Guerra-Ortiz Leticia , Benítez-Martínez Vianey , Aguilera-Padilla Nayelli , López-Romero Ana Yancy , Mares-Martínez Lilia
Published: December 2021

Introducción: El 12 de diciembre de 2019, la Comisión Municipal de Salud de Wuhan, en la República Popular de China, hizo público un reporte de 27 casos humanos quienes cursaron con una Neumonía viral, la cual tenía como etiología un nuevo patógeno humano con alta capacidad zoonótica, conocido como enfermedad por Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) causada por el virus SARS-CoV-2. Resulta primordial para los profesionales de Enfermería no solo atender a los pacientes con COVID-19 con toda la tecnología de Enfermería para su cuidado, sino también contar con las medidas de Protección Personal Específicas para evitar el contagio en todos los trabajadores de salud.
Objetivo: Analizar los desafíos en el cuidado de Enfermería a los pacientes, ante la COVID-19 en el Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González, en la Ciudad de México.
Metodología: Revisión de 93 documentos en las bases de datos prestigiadas de las cuales se analizaron a profundidad 30 para explorar los desafíos a los que los profesionales de Enfermería se enfrentan en el cuidado a los pacientes con COVID-19, en un Hospital General de alta Especialidad en la Ciudad de México. El universo fue el personal de Enfermería y Pasantes de todos los servicios del Hospital, la población sólo el personal de Enfermería y Pasantes que atienden pacientes COVID. La muestra, el personal de Enfermería y Pasantes que atienden pacientes COVID. La recolección de datos se llevó a cabo mediante entrevistas que realizaron las Supervisoras, al personal y Pasantes de enfermería del Hospital en los servicios seleccionados, mediante un muestreo Aleatorio por Conglomerado.
Desafíos en el cuidado de Enfermería ante la COVID-19: Los desafíos a los que se enfrenta el personal de Enfermería en el cuidado a los pacientes COVID-19 han sido: la reconversión del Hospital, la capacitación, la utilización de Equipos de Protección Personal, el alto riesgo de infección en el cuidado y la prevención de lesiones por presión, entre otros.
Conclusiones: En el campo de la enfermería, los desafíos señalados han sido la mejor forma de brindar el cuidado a los pacientes, para salvar vidas.