bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cleaning of in-hospital flexible endoscopes: Limitations and challenges
Authors: Madureira Rosilaine Aparecida da Silva , Oliveira Adriana Cristina de
Published: October 2022

Abstract Objective: to analyze the cleaning process of gastroscopes, colonoscopes and duodenoscopes in eight in-hospital health services. Method: a cross-sectional study conducted with 22 endoscopes (eight gastroscopes, eight colonoscopes and six duodenoscopes), and microbiological analysis of 60 samples of air/water channels (all endoscopes) and elevator (duodenoscopes), in addition to protein testing. Descriptive statistics with calculation of frequencies and central tendency measures was used in data analysis. Results: the processing of 22 endoscopes was monitored with microbiological analysis for 60 channels. In the pre-cleaning procedure, in 82.3% (14/17) of the devices, gauze was used in cleaning the insertion tube. Incomplete immersion of the endoscope in detergent solution occurred in 72.3% (17/22) of the cases, and in 63.6% (14/22) there was no standardization of filling-in of the channels. Friction of the biopsy channel was not performed in 13.6% (3/22) of the devices. In the microbiological analysis, 25% (7/32) of the samples from the stored endoscopes were positive for microbial growth (from 2x101 to 9.5x104 CFU/mL), while after processing, contamination was 32% (9/28). Protein residues in the elevator channel were detected in 33% of duodenoscopes. Conclusion: the results indicate important gaps in the stages of pre-cleaning and cleaning of endoscopes that, associated with presence of protein residues and growth of microorganisms of epidemiological importance, indicate limitations in safety of the processing procedures, which can compromise the disinfection processes and, consequently, their safe use among patients subjected to such tests.
Construcción y validación de un escenario de simulación de alta fidelidad para la postvención del suicidio
Authors: Pedrollo Laysa Fernanda Silva , Silva Aline Conceição , Zanetti Ana Carolina Guidorizzi , Vedana Kelly Graziani Giacchero
Published: October 2022

Resumen Objetivo crear y validar un escenario de simulación de alta fidelidad sobre el apoyo inicial a que se le brinda los que están en duelo por suicidio. Método investigación metodológica para la creación y validación de un escenario de simulación sobre postvención. La creación se basó en recomendaciones científicas y la validación fue realizada por especialistas, a partir de un instrumento desarrollado por las autoras; los datos fueron analizados estadísticamente mediante el Índice de Validez de Contenido y el coeficiente de concordancia de Gwet. Resultados se creó el escenario para el apoyo inicial al que está en duelo por suicidio en el contexto de la Atención Primaria de la Salud. Se propusieron como objetivos de aprendizaje la organización de la recepción, la atención de salud y el seguimiento según las recomendaciones técnico-científicas. El escenario fue validado por 10 especialistas en la temática postvención (5 jueces) y simulación de alta fidelidad (5 jueces). Los ítems del escenario cumplieron con los criterios de aceptación y confiabilidad (Índice de Validez de Contenido = 0,80) y concordancia satisfactoria (coeficiente Gwet = 0,640). Conclusión el estudio presentó un escenario totalmente disponible sobre postvención con potencial innovador que puede ser utilizado gratuitamente en el desarrollo de la simulación clínica para capacitar a diferentes categorías profesionales de la salud, para que den apoyo a los que están en duelo por suicidio.
Narrativas do Cuidar: mulheres indígenas e a política feminista do compor com plantas
Authors: Maizza Fabiana , Oliveira Joana Cabral de
Published: October 2022

Resumo: Tendo como mote “Of women, men and manioc”, de Peter Rivière, este artigo se inspira na crítica feminista e na emergência de uma antropologia para além do humano para revisitar o argumento do autor tomando como material etnográfico as relações que dois grupos ameríndios, os Jarawara e os Wajãpi, estabelecem com plantas cultivadas, em especial a mandioca e o tabaco. Aqui o conceito de cuidar toma a cena numa tentativa de iluminar aspectos do pensamento e da vida das mulheres indígenas com as quais convivemos.
Profitability of using irrigation in forage cactus-sorghum intercropping for farmers in semi-arid environment
Authors: Silva Thieres G. F. da , Jardim Alexandre M. da R. F. , Diniz Wellington J. da S. , Souza Luciana S. B. de , Araújo Júnior George do N. , Silva Gabriel Í. N. da , Alves Cleber P. , Souza Carlos A. A. de , Morais José E. F. de
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT Irrigation plays a fundamental role in advancing agricultural frontiers and increasing crop productivity, especially in semi-arid environments, because they exhibit high spatiotemporal rainfall variation. This practice is suggested even for adapted crops, such as forage cactus (Opuntia sp.), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), and single or intercropping systems. In this study, aimed to evaluate the profitability of using irrigation in a single and intercropping forage cactus-sorghum system in a semi-arid region. The experimental design was in randomized blocks in a 5 × 3 factorial arrangement: five drip irrigation depths (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% of the reference evapotranspiration - ET0) and three cropping systems (single forage cactus, single sorghum, and intercropping forage cactus-sorghum), with four replicates. The 0% ET0 treatment corresponded to rainfed conditions at a depth of 355 mm. A cycle of forage cactus and two sorghum cultivars (plant and regrowth) was conducted between November 2014 and November 2015. It was verified that the highest costs for implantation of the crop systems in irrigated conditions are due to the acquisition of irrigation and input systems, representing 85.3% of the effective operational cost. The single sorghum and forage cactus-sorghum systems provided the highest fresh matter productivity (62,013.05 and 60,075.36 kg ha-1, respectively). Based on economic indicators, the adoption of irrigation depths (25, 50, 75, and 100% ET0) promoted profits for the systems (single and intercropping) from the second year of implementation.
Integrative and complementary practices to control nausea and vomiting in pregnant women: a systematic review
Authors: Nassif Melissa Santos , Costa Isabelle Cristinne Pinto , Ribeiro Patricia Mônica , Moura Caroline de Castro , Oliveira Paloma Elisama de
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT Objective: to synthesize the evidence available in the literature on the effects of integrative and complementary practices in nausea and vomiting treatment in pregnant women. Method: a systematic review, reported according to PRISMA and registered in PROSPERO. The search for studies was carried out in 11 databases. To assess risk of bias in randomized clinical trials, the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool (RoB 2) was used. Results: the final sample consisted of 31 articles, divided into three categories: aromatherapy, phytotherapy and acupuncture. It was observed that aromatherapy with lemon essential oil, ginger capsules, pericardial 6 point acupressure were the interventions that proved to be effective. Less than half of studies reported adverse effects, with mild and transient symptoms predominating. Most articles were classified as “some concern” in risk of bias assessment. Conclusion: the three most effective interventions to control gestational nausea and vomiting were aromatherapy, herbal medicine and acupuncture, with significant results in the assessment of individual studies.
Fear of COVID-19 and related factors affecting mothers’ breastfeeding self-efficacy during the pandemic
Authors: Ergün Sibel , Kaynak Serap , Aydın Beray
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to determine the breastfeeding self-efficacy levels of mothers during the pandemic period, to compare them according to various characteristics, and to examine the relationship between the fear of COVID-19 and breastfeeding self-efficacy. Method: The data of this descriptive and cross-sectional were collected through a web-based survey of 392 mothers between June and August 2021. The data collection tools were the Introductory Data Form, the Breast-feeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form, and the Fear of COVID-19 Scale. Results: The mean score for breastfeeding self-efficacy was found to be 56.18 ± 8.24, while the mean score for the Fear of COVID-19 scale was 21.77 ± 6.14. Having a high fear of COVID-19, breastfeeding more frequently in this period, and suspecting that they had COVID-19 affected the breastfeeding self-efficacy scores positively, whereas graduating from primary school had a negative effect on self-efficacy. Conclusion: The breastfeeding self-efficacy of mothers who were fearful of COVID-19, who breastfed more frequently during the pandemic, and who had a higher education level were positively affected.
PALLIATIVE PROFESSIONALS: STRESSORS IMPOSED ON THE TEAM IN THE DEATH AND DYING PROCESS
Authors: Böger Raiza , Bellaguarda Maria Lígia dos Reis , Knihs Neide da Silva , Manfrini Gisele Cristina , Rosa Luciana Martins da , Santos Maristela Jeci dos , Caravaca-Morera Jaime Alonso
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT Objective: to know the multidisciplinary palliative care team’s perception about stressors in the death and dying process. Method: a qualitative, exploratory-descriptive study, carried out from the perspective of Betty Neuman’s theory. Data were collected using online semi-structured interview with nine palliative professionals from two health institutions between February and November 2020. Results: a grid of analysis composed of the three Neuman System Models was organized, i.e., environment, person and health, emerging the categories: Self-perception for care in death and dying; Communication between team, patient and family - minimizing stress in palliative care; Personal and professional stressors and health structure. Conclusion: the main stressor source referred to communication as an intrateam relationship and with patient and family. The pandemic was considered as a potential impact of relational and communication difficulties, and the fragility of health management support was linked to palliative multidisciplinary teams.
IMPLEMENTATION OF GOOD PRACTICES FOR ADMINISTERING VASOACTIVE AMINES: A QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL STUDY
Authors: Camerini Flavia Giron , Silva Jaqueline Oliveira da , Henrique Daniele Mendonça , Fassarella Cintia Silva , Andrade Karla Biancha Silva , Schutz Vivian
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT Objective to analyze the implementation of training on good practices for administering vasoactive amines when facing undesirable clinical events in patients of a cardiointensive unit. Method this is a quasi-experimental study (before and after), carried out in three stages at a university hospital located in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. An observation was performed in the first stage about the team’s adherence to good practices in administering vasoactive amines. Training was conducted with the nursing team in the second stage to implement the actions, and adherence to good practices in administering vasoactive amines was evaluated in the third stage. Data collection was performed from October 2019 to July 2021. The McNemar test and the Wilcoxon non-parametric test were used to compare the differences in the pre- and post-intervention groups. Results a total of 280 patients were infused with vasoactive amines, 97 in the first stage (pre-intervention) and 183 after the intervention. The variables related to the administration in an exclusive way and the identification of the infusion pump obtained 100% assertiveness. A total of 37 (13.2%) undesirable clinical events related to the use of vasoactive amines were identified, 27 (27.8%) in the control group (pre-intervention) and 10 (5.5%) after the intervention, evidencing a significant reduction (p-value = 0.0001). Conclusion the implementation of the intervention significantly contributed to reducing the occurrence of undesirable clinical events related to administering vasoactive amines, contributing to safer drug therapy.
IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DE BOAS PRÁTICAS PARA ADMINISTRAÇÃO DE AMINAS VASOATIVAS: UM ESTUDO QUASE-EXPERIEMENTAL
Authors: Camerini Flavia Giron , Silva Jaqueline Oliveira da , Henrique Daniele Mendonça , Fassarella Cintia Silva , Andrade Karla Biancha Silva , Schutz Vivian
Published: October 2022

RESUMO Objetivo analisar a implementação de um treinamento sobre boas práticas para administração de aminas vasoativas frente à ocorrência de eventos clínicos indesejáveis em pacientes de uma unidade cardiointensiva. Método trata-se de um estudo quase-experimental (antes e depois), realizado em três etapas em um hospital universitário localizado no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Na primeira etapa, fez-se uma observação sobre adesão da equipe às boas práticas na administração de aminas vasoativas. Na segunda etapa, realizou-se um treinamento com a equipe de enfermagem para implementação das ações e, na terceira etapa, avaliou-se a adesão às boas práticas na administração de aminas vasoativas. A coleta de dados foi de outubro de 2019 a julho de 2021. Para comparar as diferenças nos grupos pré e pós-intervenção, utilizou-se o teste de McNemar e o teste não paramétrico de Wilcoxon. Resultados observaram-se 280 pacientes em infusão de aminas vasoativas, sendo 97 na primeira etapa (pré-intervenção) e 183 após a intervenção. As variáveis relacionadas à administração em via exclusiva e a identificação da bomba infusora obtiveram 100% de assertividade. Identificaram-se ao todo 37 (13,2%) eventos clínicos indesejáveis relacionados ao uso das aminas vasoativas, sendo 27 (27,8%) no grupo controle (pré- intervenção) e 10 (5,5%) após a intervenção, evidenciando uma redução significativa (p valor =0,0001). Conclusão a implementação da intervenção corroborou de forma significativa para redução da ocorrência de eventos clínicos indesejáveis relacionados à administração de aminas vasoativas, contribuindo para uma terapia medicamentosa mais segura.
Planos de saúde por acumulação: viabilidade e fatores de impacto
Authors: Leonetti Giovanna Rafael , Cazzari Roberto Bomgiovani
Published: October 2022

Resumo O modelo brasileiro de Saúde Suplementar, baseado na Repartição Simples, reflete dificuldade de permanência do indivíduo com o avanço da idade, que traz expressivo acréscimo na contraprestação dos planos e o eventual fim da relação empregatícia. Com o objetivo de avaliar um modelo alternativo na manutenção saudável dos planos de saúde, foi estudada a viabilidade de um produto baseado na acumulação de recursos ao longo da vida. Foram realizadas simulações variando premissas impactantes no valor necessário a contribuir em relação ao salário, sendo utilizados dados da ANS. Os resultados sugerem que um modelo de plano de saúde por acumulação pode ser viável, dependendo do cenário em que o indivíduo se encontra, apresentando-se mais acessível a indivíduos do sexo masculino, residentes na região sudeste, que iniciem suas contribuições ao plano cedo, aposentem-se mais tarde e se encontrem em uma economia que apresente taxas de juros altas e taxas de reajuste baixas.
DIFERENCIAIS SALARIAIS DE GÊNERO NO BRASIL: COMPARANDO OS SETORES PÚBLICO E PRIVADO
Authors: Passos Luana , Machado Danielle Carusi
Published: October 2022

RESUMO O objetivo deste artigo é investigar os determinantes dos diferenciais salarias entre homens e mulheres cotejando os setores, público com o privado. Para tanto, serão usadas as informações da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílio (PNAD) de 2015 e as técnicas de decomposição com base em Oaxaca, Blinder e Firpo, Fortin e Lemieux. O principal objetivo da pesquisa é entender o diferencial salarial ao longo da distribuição, distinguindo os trabalhadores dos setores público e privado. Os resultados dos modelos evidenciam que a maior parcela do diferencial salarial entre homens e mulheres, no Brasil, não encontra amparo nas distintas características, podendo, em certa medida, sinalizar presença de discriminação de gênero no mercado de trabalho. O tempo trabalhado, a escolaridade, o tipo de ocupação e a área de atuação contribuem, em alguma medida, para a explicação do diferencial salarial. Os resultados apontam para desigualdades de rendimento maiores no setor público, com ênfase na parte superior da distribuição, embora haja indícios de maior discriminação no setor privado.
Distribution of adult semiology in medical schools in Brazil
Authors: Moniz Eliane Teixeira Alfama , Rodrigues Rodrigo Machado Franco , Silva Junior Josué Francisco da , Grosseman Suely
Published: October 2022

Abstract: Introduction: Semiology is the basis of clinical practice and its teaching is essential in the medical course. This study was developed to fill a gap in the knowledge about its distribution in Brazil. Objective: To analyze the distribution of adult semiology in Brazilian medical schools. Method: Cross-sectional descriptive study with 226 Brazilian medical schools that provided the distribution of semiology on the Internet among the 335 active schools in December 2020 (67.5%) The variables studied were school geographic region, administration and free tuition, time of existence of the course, course load of the regular course, clerkship and semiology, and year(s) or semester(s) in which semiology was offered in the curriculum. Data analysis was descriptive and the associations were analyzed using: Student’s t, Chi-square, Analysis of Variance, Mann-Whitney-U, Kruskal Wallis and Wilcoxon tests. The significance level was set at p < 0.05. Result: Semiology was more frequently offered only in the 4th semester (n = 40), followed by its offer in two semesters, the 4th and 5th and 3rd and 4th. Among the 226 schools, 142 integrated semiology into modules or axes (62.8%). Among the 117 schools that provided the semiology course load, its median was 240.0 hours (P25-75 = 165.4 - 338.2), with no statistical difference by geographic region, type of administration and time of existence of the course. The median of the theoretical course load [77.5 hours (P25-75 = 51.7 - 123.5)] was lower than the practical course load [147.0 hours (P25-75 = 64.5 - 180.0)], Z = - 3,99, p < 0,01. The median of the percentage of semiology course load during the course was 2.9% (P25-75 = 2.0 - 4.0). Conclusion: Semiology is more frequently offered in the 4th semester and its median course load is similar in Brazilian geographic regions and by school administration type and time of existence of the assessed schools.
Fear and anxiety in professionals about COVID-19: Brazilian versions of measures
Authors: COUTO Ricardo Neves , MEDEIROS Emerson Diógenes de , SOUSA Ícaro Macedo , MEDEIROS Paloma Cavalcante Bezerra de , CARVALHO Thayro Andrade
Published: October 2022

Abstract The objective of this study was to adapt and verify the psychometric properties of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale and Coronavirus Anxiety Scale, from the data collection conducted with professionals who work directly in the fight against COVID-19 in Brazil. A total of 232 professionals participated (Mage = 32.9; SD = 7.6), most of them female (68.1%), who answered the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale, and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale instruments and a sociodemographic questionnaire. The adaptation process allowed identifying the content validity of the Brazilian versions and exploratory factorial analyses, followed by correlation studies showing evidence of internal structure validity and in relation to other (convergent) Fear of COVID-19 Scale and Coronavirus Anxiety Scale variables, which presented equally satisfactory reliability rates. Thus, the Brazilian versions of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale and Coronavirus Anxiety Scale scales were made available with satisfactory psychometric qualities for use in the research and assessment of psychological aspects of health professionals.
Masculinity performed by transgender men: qualitative evidence and metasynthesis
Authors: BOFFI Leticia Carolina , GUIJARRO-RODRIGUES Elaine Campos , SANTOS Manoel Antônio dos
Published: October 2022

Abstract Masculinity is a construct associated with cisgender men; however, transgender men also perform masculinities. This study aimed to synthesize, analyze, and reinterpret the findings of primary qualitative studies about transgender men’s experience of masculinity. The research question developed through the SPIDER strategy was: What is the qualitative evidence of masculinity performed by transgender men? Eighteen studies involving over 200 transgender men between the ages of 19 and 65 were selected. Three descriptive themes emerged: “Bodily performance of masculinity,” “Social performances of masculinity,” and “Sexualities.” Analytical themes were generated: “The appearance of masculinity” and “Far beyond appearance”. The results point to complementary experiences of masculinity: concerning physical appearance and body modifications; and the practices contesting the hegemonic masculinity standard. The experience of masculinities is outlined by body changes, culminating in the passability and social recognition of the transgender man.
Competências do nutricionista para a Atenção Primária à Saúde
Authors: Alves Cristina Garcia Lopes , Luz Verônica Gronau , Tófoli Luís Fernando
Published: October 2022

Resumo A Educação Baseada em Competências propõe o uso de um currículo derivado da construção de um perfil de competências, o que se torna norteador para a formação acadêmica de uma determinada profissão. As Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais (DCN) no Brasil têm apontado para a construção de currículos com foco em competências. Buscando contribuir com esse debate, o objetivo deste estudo foi construir um perfil de competências para os nutricionistas na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) a partir da revisão sobre as competências gerais dos profissionais de saúde nesse âmbito de atenção. Trata-se de estudo qualitativo e exploratório, com seleção de consensos e estudos sobre a formação profissional, incluindo diretrizes e resoluções; o material selecionado foi submetido à análise temática. As categorias de análise encontradas foram assim agrupadas: competências relativas ao sistema de saúde e ao modelo de atenção; competências relativas à atenção à saúde; competências humanísticas e culturais; competências sociais e de comunicação; e competências técnicas e metodológicas. Os resultados permitiram traçar um perfil de competências de acordo com os objetivos pretendidos, podendo colaborar com a definição de diretrizes para a formação dos nutricionistas, com foco na APS.
A integração ensino-serviço-gestão-comunidade na percepção de preceptores de graduandos na Atenção Primária à Saúde
Authors: Pereira Afonso Luís Puig , Zilbovicius Celso , Carnut Leonardo , de Souza Neto Antonio Carlos
Published: October 2022

Resumo Orientações, normativas e incentivos nacionais como as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais, o Pró-Saúde e o PET-Saúde, contribuíram para fomentar um importante arranjo formativo conhecido como "integração ensino-serviço-gestão-comunidade". Nesse contexto, a preceptoria na atenção primária à saúde (APS) se destaca. Assim, é relevante conhecer, sob a ótica de preceptores, qual é a participação de cada ator desta integração e quais são as barreiras antipedagógicas e de processo de trabalho que dificultam a preceptoria. Este estudo teve como objetivo compreender fatores facilitadores e dificultadores da integração na perspectiva de preceptores de graduandos no âmbito da APS no município de São Paulo-SP. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, do tipo descritivo-exploratório, que utilizou entrevistas semiestruturadas com 14 preceptores, interpretadas pela análise de conteúdo temática. Como barreiras principais foram identificadas: sobrecarga de trabalho, desvalorização da saúde pública, falta de apoio pedagógico e distanciamento da comunidade no processo formativo. Entre as contribuições, destacam-se o trabalho interprofissional e a aproximação entre as instituições de ensino e a gestão quando planejam o estágio. A integração tem importantes questões a serem aperfeiçoadas ao olhar dos preceptores, tendo em vista facilitar a articulação entre os atores e transpor as barreiras formativas.
Educação problematizadora em curso técnico para agentes comunitários de saúde: experiência de produção de significados no trabalho em saúde
Authors: Silva Helena Pereira Rodrigues da , Toassi Ramona Fernanda Ceriotti
Published: October 2022

Resumo Este estudo de caso de abordagem qualitativa analisou o significado da experiência de formação do agente comunitário de saúde (ACS) em município do Sul do Brasil, a partir do referencial teórico da educação problematizadora de curso técnico dos Ministérios da Educação e Saúde. Foram realizadas entrevistas com ACS que finalizaram o curso e gestores da saúde e educação envolvidos com o desenvolvimento e acompanhamento pedagógico do curso (n=17), análise dos portfólios dos educandos e Projeto Pedagógico de curso. Material textual foi interpretado pela análise de conteúdo apoiada pelo software Visual Qualitative Data Analysis (ATLAS.ti). As aprendizagens no curso agregaram conhecimentos que facilitaram a abordagem/orientação do ACS às famílias, melhoraram sua habilidade de comunicação e interpessoais, ampliaram o entendimento de saúde incluindo determinantes sociais do processo saúde-doença, preparando-os para lidar com problemas complexos, o que trouxe segurança, confiança e tranquilidade ao processo de trabalho. Educação problematizadora, valorizando metodologias ativas de ensino-aprendizagem-avaliação, produziu aprendizados conectados com as vivências desses profissionais. O curso também qualificou o pertencimento do ACS à equipe. Desafios foram observados em relação ao entendimento/execução dessas metodologias ativas. Pesquisas sobre o tema da formação e avaliação do trabalho do ACS que envolvam a percepção da equipe e usuários são recomendadas.
Percepção da comunidade sobre suas ações preventivas contra dengue, zika e chikungunya nas cinco regiões do Brasil
Authors: Alves João Armando , Andrade Natália Fernandes de , Lorenzo Cláudio Fortes Garcia , Mendonça Ana Valéria M. , Sousa Maria Fátima de
Published: October 2022

Resumo O controle ambiental do vetor no interior e ao redor dos domicílios, enquanto estratégia fundamental para a prevenção de arboviroses como dengue, zika e chikungunya, demanda um envolvimento ininterrupto da população. A pandemia de Covid-19 e, consequentemente, o isolamento social necessário ao seu controle, têm reduzido a vigilância profissional nos domicílios, tornando a atuação da população ainda mais necessária. Estudos que buscam compreender o envolvimento das comunidades na execução das ações preventivas têm sido quase exclusivamente locais. O artigo relata uma pesquisa-intervenção baseada em oficinas sobre práticas preventivas realizadas antes do isolamento social, em 16 municípios das 5 regiões brasileiras, as quais envolveram um total de 379 participantes. Os resultados apresentam as ações preventivas preconizadas por campanhas que são as mais comumente compreendidas e executadas pela população; as situações que dificultam a execução; as práticas preventivas de iniciativa própria dos cidadãos; e as práticas baseadas em saberes populares. Ficou evidente que as informações fornecidas às comunidades não podem estar restritas às campanhas de massa, e que se faz necessário investir em ações educativas mais efetivas e adequadas à variedade de contextos nacionais, com vistas a construções coletivas e intersetoriais de estratégias de enfrentamento às arboviroses.
Os grupos condutores na governança e implementação da Rede de Cuidados à Pessoa com Deficiência no SUS
Authors: Ribeiro Katia Suely Queiroz Silva , Freitas Grace Kelly Filgueiras , Coutinho Gilma Correa , Batiston Adriane Pires , Tavares Larissa Riani Costa , Almeida Milena Maria Cordeiro de , Silveira Neidimila Aparecida , Zanella Angela Kemel
Published: October 2022

Resumo A Rede de Cuidados à Pessoa com Deficiência estabeleceu a criação de Grupos Condutores Estaduais visando implementar Diretrizes Clínicas e Protocolos e acompanhar as ações desta Rede. O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar o papel dos grupos condutores na governança e implementação da referida Rede, analisando sua constituição e ações realizadas. Realizou-se pesquisa descritiva, com abordagem qualitativa, multicêntrica, avaliando a fase de implementação da política, realizada nas cinco regiões do país; analisaram-se documentos publicados entre abril/2012 a dezembro/2018, relacionados aos grupos condutores em oito estados. Emergiram duas categorias como resultado da análise de conteúdo: instituição e composição dos grupos condutores e ações realizadas pelos grupos. Identificou-se a instituição de grupo condutor específico para a Rede em seis estados, e em dois estados a condução realiza-se pelos Grupos Estaduais das Redes de Atenção à Saúde. Observou-se heterogeneidade na composição dos grupos e na realização das atribuições previstas, refletindo indefinições da portaria e desafios de cada estado para a regionalização, participação social, planejamento, acompanhamento e monitoramento da rede. Entretanto, destacou-se o protagonismo destes Grupos enquanto espaço de governança gerencial. Salienta-se a necessidade da continuidade de investimentos financeiros, políticos e de gestão para garantir resolutividade, governança e gestão democrática da Rede.
Comunicação em saúde e promoção da saúde: contribuições e desafios, sob o olhar dos profissionais da Estratégia Saúde da Família
Authors: Pimentel Viviane Rangel de Muros , Sousa Maria Fátima de , Mendonça Ana Valéria Machado
Published: October 2022

Resumo Com o objetivo de identificar o papel da comunicação em saúde e da promoção da saúde na Estratégia Saúde da Família, desenvolveu-se este trabalho, ancorado na abordagem qualitativa, com desenho de múltiplos casos. Empregou-se a técnica do grupo focal, norteada por um roteiro semiestruturado, contendo três perguntas norteadoras. Para análise dos dados, utilizou-se a técnica do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. Ao todo, foram realizados dez grupos focais, em cinco municípios brasileiros de grande porte. Participaram cinquenta e cinco profissionais da Estratégia de Saúde da Família, de 21 equipes de Saúde da Família, lotados em 15 Unidades Básicas de Saúde. Dentre as contribuições, os profissionais destacaram a promoção da saúde para garantia do bem-estar e a comunicação em saúde favorecendo o planejamento das ações e a troca de experiências, sendo por eles considerada como uma ferramenta para trabalhar práticas promotoras da saúde. Ressaltou-se ainda, que além de primordiais, esses campos se complementam e, juntos, contribuem para melhoria da qualidade de vida. Como principais desafios, relataram a necessidade de maior envolvimento dos profissionais para trabalhar a educação para a promoção, superar a visão saúde-doença ainda presente na comunidade e a escassez de tempo para trabalhar mais a comunicação em saúde.
“Esa aguja entraba y salía de mi ojo”. Un relato sobre la espera y el sufrimiento de un trasplante de córnea
Authors: Pereyra Horacio
Published: October 2022

Resumen La Organización Mundial de la Salud sostiene que el trasplante de córnea es el más frecuente del mundo entre las demandas de órganos y tejidos. Nos preguntamos entonces, ¿qué implicancias sociales y subjetivas tiene perder una córnea y quedar ciego de un ojo en el transcurso de la juventud en contextos de marginación? ¿Cómo esperan las personas el injerto? ¿Cómo perciben la operación? ¿De qué manera le dan sentido a vivir con una córnea que proviene de otro ser humano? En este escrito recurro a mi vivencia personal luego de quedar ciego de un ojo a los 20 años de edad y de haber tenido que esperar 4.380 días con un rostro desfigurado en Santiago del Estero (Argentina) para recibir un trasplante de córnea. Incorporo elementos observables, discursivos y relacionales que permiten ingresar a lo vivido de quien espera, y a quien le extirpan e implantan un tejido.
As temporalidades do cuidado: autismo, parentesco e pandemia
Authors: Carvalho Bianca Retes , Finamori Sabrina Deise
Published: October 2022

Resumo Tomando como ponto de partida o cenário da pandemia em suas dimensões disruptivas da temporalidade do cotidiano, este artigo visa analisar os entrelaçamentos entre deficiência, cuidado e parentesco. Partimos de duas pesquisas realizadas de modo independente para traçar reflexões conjuntas sobre os efeitos das medidas de isolamento social entre famílias de pessoas com autismo. Argumentamos que, para além da excepcionalidade, uma questão fundamental que emerge do evento crítico é a reflexão que promove tanto em direção ao passado, isto é, aos modos de se organizar o cotidiano antes da pandemia, quanto às projeções sobre o futuro. Abordamos, assim, as temporalidades do cuidado em uma variedade de acepções: as distintas demandas do cuidado ao longo do curso de vida, os impactos da deficiência em relação à presunção da intergeracionalidade do cuidado e o amplo espectro de efeitos das medidas de isolamento social em torno da organização temporal da vida cotidiana.
“Eu nunca obedeci a essa limitação”: as obrigações morais do cuidado entre mulheres com deficiência na periferia de João Pessoa
Authors: Sá Fernanda Diniz de , Brito Simone Magalhães
Published: October 2022

Resumo O artigo analisa a experiência de mulheres com deficiência física que se encontram na posição de serem, simultaneamente, tanto beneficiárias quanto provedoras de cuidado. Baseado em entrevistas realizadas com 14 mulheres, com idades entre 26 e 50 anos, residentes em bairros periféricos na região metropolitana de João Pessoa, seu objetivo é demonstrar: 1) como, num contexto marcado pela pobreza e impossibilidade de acesso aos mercados de cuidado diante da escassez de políticas públicas destinas a esse fim, essas mulheres se tornam responsáveis pela maior parte dos cuidados da casa e da família; e 2) a produção de uma gramática moral da superação que termina por reforçar as lógicas de exploração e apagar suas necessidades e direitos de receber cuidados. Nesse sentido, a discussão aponta as ambiguidades relacionadas ao papel das obrigações morais para a normalização das tensões entre classe, gênero e deficiência.
In vitro viability of genipap pollen grains in different culture media
Authors: Freire Gilmara da Silva , Rocha Letícia Bispo da , Machado Caroline de Araújo , Silva Ana Veruska Cruz da , Ledo Ana da Silva
Published: October 2022

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the viability of genipap (Genipa americana) pollen grain at room temperature in different culture media. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 3x11 factorial arrangement (culture media x incubation times) with four replicates. The number of germinated pollen grains was analyzed at 24-hour intervals up to 288 hours after incubation at room temperature. The culture medium with 100 mg L-1 H3BO3, 80 g L-1 sucrose, and 1.0 g L-1 agar results in a higher to intermediate germination percentage, being the most suitable for studies on the in vitro viability of genipap pollen grains.
Review of vanadium and its redox flow batteries for renewable energy storage
Authors: Odebiyi Oluwasegun Samuel , Lasisi Kayode Hassan , Farotimi Olufemi Ademola , Nnyia Mary Otuosorochukwu , Ifon Binessi Edouard
Published: October 2022

As applied renewable energy is rapidly progressing it is essential to seek low-cost and highly efficient large-scale energy storage systems and materials to resolve the sporadic nature of renewable energy resources. Vanadium-based systems such as vanadium redox flow batteries have recently gained much attention. This paper provides a concise overview of the subject of vanadium and its application in redox flow batteries (RFBs). Compared to other energy storage systems, it is certain that vanadium and its applications in RFBs are well-positioned to lead a significant part of the stationary energy storage market in the coming decades due to its many advantages.
A novel optimisation framework for interpretation of unconfined aquifer pumping test data
Authors: Şahin Abdurrahman Ufuk
Published: October 2022

The complex well function formulations developed for unconfined aquifer systems make the determination of aquifer parameters difficult and inefficient using classical methods. In addition, the dimensional dependency of aquifer parameters, as well as the non-linear and non-convex nature of inverse groundwater problems, can make the stand-alone use of the metaheuristic algorithms inefficient in terms of computation time and effort, producing non-unique solutions. Therefore, a novel optimisation framework was established to interpret pumping test data collected from an unconfined aquifer. The proposed approach works with four inputs that are based on the hybrid use of two non-dimensional physical and newly introduced two non-physical parameters. The method has the benefit of the simplicity of traditional methods and the accuracy of the differential evolution algorithm (DEA). The capability of the proposed scheme was broadly examined using several pumping test scenarios, including hypothetical and real field test datasets. Sensitivity analysis was also performed to understand the uncertainty associated with the estimated flow parameters. The results show that the proposed scheme, powered by the DEA, is able to achieve outstanding estimation performance compared with conventional methods and other nature-inspired algorithms.
Third Party Funding and Conflicts of Interest: Is there any way to ‘Tame the Beast’?
Authors: Marengo Irala Mauricio
Published: October 2022

The third-party funding (TPF) market has been growing rapidly in the last few years, especially in the international arbitration field. The benefits along with the potential risks TPF could bear have received a lot of attention. Accordingly, the industry’s appetite for TPF has grown exponentially in short timeframe. Since 2012, this industry has increased by over 500%, with a significant increase of TPF financial support occurring the Arbitration system and the rising number of active funders looking for viable opportunities.Considering that “precious little is stated with regards to disclosure”, it has been assessed whether disclosure should be mandatory in order to avoid the possible existence of conflicts of interest between an arbitrator and the funder. This is of particular relevance when it is considered that arbitral institutions establish and ensure that an arbitrator’s independence and impartiality are a must3, yet the arbitral institutions little say regarding the TPF agreements and their impact on arbitrator’s impartiality or independence should a conflict arises.
First record of Epitrix hirtipennis in Hungary (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)
Authors: Lukátsi Márk , Horváth Dávid , Tóth Norbert
Published: October 2022

Epitrix hirtipennis (Melsheimer, 1847) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Alticini), a leaf beetle native to North America, is recorded for the first time from Hungary. Several specimens were found on tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) plantations in the eastern and central parts of the country. Its life cycle and importance as a tobacco pest are briefly discussed.
Lessons from UNCITRAL for Reforming the South African Legal Framework Concerning Security Rights in Movable Property
Authors: Koekemoer Michel Marlize , Brits Reghard
Published: October 2022

This article analyses the South African legal framework governing security rights in movable property with the view to inspire law reform. The analysis is based on a comparison of the current South African framework with the UNCITRAL Legislative Guide on Secured Transactions, a soft-law instrument containing international best practice. The problematic aspects of the South African framework benchmarked against the UNCITRAL Guide are: (1) not having a common legal framework that equally applies to all types of (including quasi-) real security transactions; (2) the scope of the current framework not being comprehensive (inclusive) enough; (3) not having an efficient enough method of creating the security right; (4) the current publicity method, particularly concerning special notarial bonds, being overly cumbersome and not providing effective public notice to third parties; and (5) the current enforcement measures potentially not being the most efficient. Regarding each of these problem areas, the article makes proposals on how the South African legislature could reform the current framework into one that is legally efficient and in step with international best practice.
The Payout of a Life Insurance Policy into an Unrehabilitated Insolvent's Estate: Malcolm Wentzel v Discovery Life Limited: In Re Botha v Wentzel (1001/19) [2020] ZASCA 121 (2 October 2020)
Authors: Mabe Zingapi , Mbiriri Edith
Published: October 2022

One of the consequences of sequestration is the vesting of the property of an insolvent person in the trustee of the insolvent estate. However, not all the property of the insolvent person vests in the trustee as there are some exceptions. Under section 63 of the Long-Term Insurance Act 52 of 1998, life insurance policy benefits are excluded from forming part of the insolvent estate and thus do not vest in the trustee and are unavailable for the payments of the debts of the insolvent. The exclusion of these benefits diverts property from the insolvent estate and, consequently, the creditors who could benefit from the property. This note discusses Malcolm Wentzel v Discovery Life Limited: In Re Botha v Wentzel (1001/19) [2020] ZASCA 121 (2 October 2020), and considers whether a beneficiary of a life insurance policy payout is required to hand over such payment to the trustee of his insolvent estate. Further, it highlights the conflicting provisions between insolvency legislation and insurance legislation and examines the effects of section 63 on an insolvent estate where the insolvent was married in community of property.
Relevance, Admissibility and Probative Value in a Rational System of Evidence: A South African Perspective
Authors: Bellengere Adrian , Theophilopoulos Constantine
Published: October 2022

In the South African legal system of fact finding and proof the relevance of an evidentiary fact is not governed by the rules of the law of evidence but by a set of extra-legal principles based on the logic of inferential reasoning and probability theory. However, there is no definitive legal definition, or practical test, of what constitutes relevance in a post-constitutional South African curial context, except for an ambiguous pre-1961 reference to a "blend of common sense, judicial experience and logic, laying outside the law". This article critically evaluates the relationship between relevance and admissibility in the adversarial adjudicative process, with particular reference to the peculiarities of the South African legal system, in which the procedural framework of the fact-finding process has been subjected to a post-apartheid constitutional democracy. In addition, this article provides an interpretative synthesis of prevailing international scholarship in the field, develops a functional three-legged practical relevance test for ease of application by all legal practitioners in the courtroom and provides a uniquely different possible statutory definition of relevance and admissibility.
The Trial of Civilians Before Courts Martial in Uganda: Analysing the Jurisprudence of Ugandan Courts in the Light of the Drafting History of Articles 129(1)(d) and 210(a) of the Constitution
Authors: Mujuzi Jamil Ddamulira
Published: October 2022

Unlike in the constitutions of other African countries such as Botswana and Lesotho, where the relationship between the High Court and courts martial is stipulated, the Ugandan Constitution 1995 (the Constitution) does not deal with this relationship. The Constitution is also silent on the question of whether courts martial have jurisdiction over civilians. The Uganda Peoples' Defence Forces Act (the UPDF Act) creates different types of courts martial with varying jurisdictions (section 197). The Act also provides (section 119) for the circumstance in which the General Court Martial has jurisdiction over civilians and appeals against the decisions of the General Court Martial lie to the Court Martial Appeal Court, which is the final appellate court except in cases where the offender is sentenced to death or life imprisonment. According to Regulation 20(2) of the UPDF (Court Martial Appeal Court) Regulations, in case an offender is sentenced to death or life imprisonment and his/her sentence is upheld by the Court Martial Appeal Court, he/she has a right to appeal to the Court of Appeal. Since 2003, Ugandan courts have grappled with the issues of whether courts martial are courts of judicature within the meaning of article 129(1) of the Constitution or organs of the UPDF and, therefore, part of the Executive under article 210 of the Constitution and whether courts martial have jurisdiction over civilians. Judges of the Supreme Court Constitutional Court and Court of Appeal have often disagreed on these issues. In this article the author relies on the drafting history of Articles 129 and 210 to argue that courts have erred by holding that courts martial are not courts of judicature under article 129(d) of the Constitution; and that courts martial are subordinate to the High Court. The author also relies on the drafting history of the Constitution and on international human rights law to argue that courts martial in Uganda should not have jurisdiction over civilians because they lack the necessary independence and impartiality and were established for the single purpose of enforcing military discipline.
Genetically Modified Mosquitoes to Fight Malaria in Nigeria, Burkina Faso, Mali and Uganda: What Legal Response?
Authors: Lim Tung Odile Juliette
Published: October 2022

Advanced applied research on genetically modified (hereafter GM) insects is being undertaken to control insect vectors of human diseases such as mosquitoes. GM insect technologies are being developed in countries where there is a legal framework for genetically modified mosquitoes (hereafter GMM), but the beneficiaries of such insect technologies to control insect-borne diseases are most likely to be in malaria-endemic countries where the regulation of GM insect technologies is inadequate. Although no commercial release of GMM has been conducted in Africa yet, there may be prospects for the use of GMM to control malaria in malaria-endemic countries such as Nigeria, Burkina Faso, Mali and Uganda. Nigeria has the highest rate of deaths related to malaria in Africa and will potentially be targeted by companies seeking to introduce GMM as a public health tool in African countries. Research is being carried out on GMM in Burkina Faso, Mali and Uganda in collaboration with foreign companies. Whereas the control of diseases is certainly needed and there are potential public health benefits for GM insect technologies to address mosquito control, there are environmental and health concerns, and there is also the potential of the misuse of such technologies. Consequently, the use of GMM requires prior robust domestic, regional and international regulation. While the Cartagena Protocol on Transboundary Movements of Living Modified Organisms (LMOs) to the Convention on Biological Diversity (hereafter the Cartagena Protocol) and voluntary guidelines on the testing of GM mosquitoes are applicable with respect to GM insect technologies, there is a lack of international and regional guidance on the regulation of such technologies. Domestic legislation tends to focus on GM crops and is inadequate for regulating GMM. This paper discusses the legal response for the above African countries which may perhaps use GMM as a public health tool and makes recommendations for the necessary regulatory response.