bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Surface displacement detection using object-based image analysis, Tashkent region, Uzbekistan
Authors: Juliev M. , Ng W. , Mondal I. , Begimkulov D. , Gafurova L. , Hakimova M. , Ergasheva O. , Saidova M.
Published: May 2023

Landslides can be listed as a major natural hazard for the Bostanlik district, Uzbekistan characterized by its mountain terrain. Currently, a monitoring system is not in place, which can mitigate the numerous negative effects of landslides. The current study presents the first Earth Observation-based landslide inventory for Uzbekistan. We applied a random forest Object-Based Image Analysis (OBIA) on very high-resolution GeoEye-1 Earth observation data to detect surface displacement. While performing 10-fold cross-validation to assess the classification accuracy. Our results indicate very high overall accuracy (0.93) and user’s (0.87) and producer’s (0.91) accuracy for the surface displacement class. We determined that 5.5% of the study area was classified as surface displacement. The obtained results are highly valuable for local authorities for the management of landslides, hazard prevention, and land use planning.
Scientific and theoretical analysis of the right to use forest land (in the example of Uzbekistan)
Authors: Narzullaev O.
Published: May 2023

Uzbekistan is one of the most vulnerable countries to climate change. If timely adaptation measures are not taken, if the country’s forest fund does not organize the rational use of land, it can face the problem of deforestation and land degradation. As a result of global warming, snow cover is shrinking and evaporation is increasing. Frequent recurrences and intensification of droughts can undermine the sustainability of agricultural production and food security. This article on the basis of new definitions, improvement of regulatory documents and their analysis reveals suggestions and comments on the development of new legislation related to the use of forest lands. In terms of environmental law researched the legal regulation of legal protection and use of forest lands, the role, and importance of forest lands in the system of natural resources, the origin of the right to protect and use forest lands in the context of research, legal relationship related to compliance the norms, the content of the norms aimed at regulating them, essence and problems of application in practice, as well as the issue of legal liability for violations of the legislation on the use of forest lands.
Improving the methods of determining the amount of non-agricultural land use in agriculturae in Uzbekistan
Authors: Mukhtorov Uzbekkhon , Sultanov Bakhodir , Li Marina , Khushvaktova Khusnobod , Saidova Soista , Valieva Zainab
Published: May 2023

Today in Uzbekistan, fines are imposed for sanctioning violations of agricultural lands, which are used irrationally in protecting agricultural lands and preventing them from escaping from agricultural turnover. The calculation of these fines is included in the category of administrative offenses and is punishable by fines. This is a very recurring violation of the use of agricultural land for purposes other than those intended for illegal use. The imposition of fines is not sufficient to determine the amount of the basic calculation in Uzbekistan, and it is not effective enough to protect them. In order to increase the effectiveness of sanctions, it is advisable to impose fines for the illegal use of agricultural land in the protection of agricultural lands, taking into account the size of the land, the soil fertility, and the yield that can be obtained from it. Because it significantly increases the amount of fines and allows you to direct these fines for the efficient use of these lands. Therefore, this article offers suggestions for improving the method of calculating the amount of fines for improper use of agricultural land, taking into account the size of the land, soil fertility, and productivity.
Relationship between climate and land cover change in Aral Sea Basin
Authors: Tureniyazova Asiya , Berdimbetov Timur
Published: May 2023

In the past several decades, substantial changes were observed in Central Asia’s land cover. Water-sensitive Central Asia has experienced an increase in farming and expansion of urban areas. These are considered the main reasons for water level reduction in the Aral Sea. The disappearance of the Aral Sea has not only affected the climate of the region but also caused regional land cover changes. In this article, we analyse the temporal variation of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and its correlation with climatic variables in the territory of the Aral Sea Basin from 1982 to 2015 using Global Inventory Modelling and Mapping Studies (GIMMS) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). The results indicate that the mean annual NDVI value recorded a weak positive trend of 0.0023/10a over the last 34 years. The Hurst index is used to test whether the tendency observed in past can be extrapolated in the future or not. Our results showed, the Hurst exponent indicates that the vegetation dynamic trend was consistent, which means that NDVI values will continue to rise in the future. During the study period, precipitation and surface soil moisture increased in the growing season, which affected the temperature during the non-growing season.
Chemical imaging of contaminated recycled paper and board: Towards identification of the causality of food contamination
Authors: Biant Lucas , Hayert Murielle , Ayoub Hawraa , Nguyen Phuong-Mai , Vitrac Olivier
Published: May 2023

Contamination of recycled paper and board food packaging by mineral oil hydrocarbons caused several crises in the past years. Although the migration from paper and board to foodstuffs has been proved many times, the contamination mechanisms and causalities remain undetermined and face unresolved issues. This study takes part in the collaborative project FoodSafeBioPack, which aims at evaluating the migration of potentially carcinogenic polyaromatic molecules from recycled paper and board packaging to food. New chemical imaging methods are used to follow this contamination at the microscopic scale (fibers and fibrous network). The first images acquired of polyaromatic molecules distribution on fibers were used to develop a methodology that will help to follow their migration. The influence of using different solvents and molecules on the initial chemical potential is discussed. The description of the paper structure and initial conditions of transfer will support the development of a microscopic mass transfer model.
Physical limitations induced by a medium based on wheat bran for the production of biopesticides by Bacillus thuringiensis spp kurstaki
Authors: Barssoum Rita , Nasseredinne Rayan , Chalbi Karim Mohamed , Cescut Julien , Kallassy Mireille , Aceves-Lara César , Fillaudeau Luc
Published: May 2023

Biopesticides, vectors for the development of the bioeconomy, represent a realistic alternative to petroleum-based chemical pesticides and their known harmfulness to humans and the environment. Bacillus thuringiensis is a gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium used for the production of biocontrol agents in agriculture. This insecticidal activity is mainly due to the production of parasporal δ-endotoxins consisting of an assembly of crystalline proteins called Cry. The European project IPM-4-Citrus (MSCA RISE, No. 734921, 2017-2023) aims to optimise these bioproductions from 3 strains of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp kurstaki (Lip, BLB1 and HD1) in a complex medium (wheat bran). The biochemical composition and nutritional limitations induced by the medium were identified. The physical properties of these heterogeneous suspensions are necessary for the definition of operating conditions favourable to scale-up. In this study, the morpho-granulometry of substrates, the ability to separate solid-liquid suspension and to clarify fermentation broth, and their rheological behaviour were studied as a function of substrate concentration and granulometry.
Remodelling of heat exchanger networks integrating the temperature dependence of the calorific flows of the streams: Application to the hydrodesulphurization unit of a refinery
Authors: Eneau Claire , Thery Hetreux Raphaële , Hetreux Gilles , Hagi Hayato
Published: May 2023

The fight against global warming and the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions is now a major challenge for society and industry. In this context of decarbonization, combined with a rise in energy prices, the latter are seeking to equip themselves with energy diagnosis and decision support tools to redesign existing processes and thus contribute to greater efficiency. energy of their production site. Generally based on the principles of pinch analysis (Linnhoff and Sahdev, 2000), different approaches and resolution techniques are proposed in the literature to address this issue. Review articles such as (Klemeš et al., 2018), (Čuček et al., 2019) summarize them and highlight the advantages and limitations of each of them. The RREflex software, developed at the LGC for several years and tested on other processes including a crude oil preheating train (Payet et al., 2018), is one of the tools for carrying out the initial synthesis as well as the remodelling of networks of heat exchangers with the aim of improving the energy performance of existing processes.
Data-driven modeling and optimization of an industrial phosphoric acid production unit
Authors: Moumouh Jihane , Benjelloun Saad , Latifi Abderrazak , Khamar Lhachmi
Published: May 2023

In this work, a supervised machine learning (ML) multi-output regression approach is investigated to build predictive models for an industrial unit of phosphoric acid production. More specifically, multioutput data-driven regression is applied to simultaneously estimate nine outputs (Reactor temperature, chemical yield (RC), P2O5 concentration in the phosphoric acid, and chemical losses in gypsum) under different operating conditions. The presented methods are linear regression and decision tree regression models. The use of decision tree regression provides high accuracy compared to linear regression. The decision tree model leads to a high value of the coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.994, on the testing set not used for the modeling), and to low values of the mean squared error (MSE) and mean absolute error (MAE). The best parameters of the decision tree provide higher fitness values than other depth levels. The optimal values in the training stage are 0.002, 0.007, and 0.994 for MSE, MAE, and R2, respectively. Applying decision tree regression can correctly model the data of the phosphoric acid manufacturing unit with satisfying fitness criterion and important conclusions on the process coherent with phenomenological models, as well as supplementary and novel insights.
Contribution of self-organizing maps in the classification of water resources in the production of drinking water by ultrafiltration
Authors: Dagher Ghadi , Martin Alexis , Gilbert Jean-Emmanuel , Moulin Laurent , Croue Jean-Philippe , Teychene Benoit
Published: May 2023

The ultrafiltration process has become essential in most drinking water production facilities. However, the variation in water quality remains difficult to manage, especially during major fouling phenomena. For this reason, the objective of this study is to develop a membrane fouling prediction tool based on seasonal water quality variation. For this, monthly monitoring of 6 water resources in Poitiers and Paris over 8 months was carried out, in which a filtration test was carried out on all the resources to assess their fouling potential and 13 physico-chemical parameters were measured. The collected data were used to build a self-organizing map (SOM) to classify water resources according to their fouling potential. The resulting SOM is able to classify the water resources according to the measured parameters into four clusters: (1) Waters with high TOC and turbidity with high fouling tendency, (2) Waters with average TOC and turbidity with average fouling tendency, (3) Waters with low TOC and turbidity that induce negligible fouling and (4) Very good quality waters that do not cause fouling.
Les complications associées aux chirurgies de pied
Authors: Gangl Monika
Published: May 2023

Les chirurgies du pied sont fréquentes en pratique équine, et couvrent tout le spectre d’un simple débridement d’abcès de pied jusqu’aux techniques d’ostéosynthèse. Les complications les plus souvent rencontrées sont l’hémorragie, l’infection, et les problèmes de cicatrisation telles que la déhiscence, la formation d’un tissu de granulation excessif et la déformation de la boîte cornée. L’hémorragie n’impacte qu’exceptionnellement le pronostic vital, mais diminue la visibilité du champ chirurgical. Les infections persistantes et surinfections sont fréquentes, le pied se trouvant à proximité du sol. Les problèmes de cicatrisation s’expliquent souvent par une mobilité trop importante. Ces complications peuvent être évitées ou gérées par des moyens assez simples comme un garrot, une préparation méticuleuse du pied, une bonne hygiène, et une immobilisation par un plâtre de pied et des ferrures. En revanche, la négligence de ces mesures peut entraîner des défauts persistants et des boiteries chroniques, et mener à l’échec de la chirurgie.
Complications des chirurgies urogénitales du mâle
Authors: Lallemand Élodie Anne , Robert Mickaël
Published: May 2023

Les chirurgies urogénitales du cheval mâle sont majoritairement des castrations. La technique de castration scrotale ouverte, la plus fréquemment pratiquée, présente jusqu’à 27,6 % de complications. Parmi celles-ci, les plus fréquentes sont l’œdème excessif, les infections et l’hémorragie. Plus rarement, une éviscération, une lésion du pénis, une vaginocèle ou la persistance du comportement mâle peuvent être rencontrées. La castration fermée au bloc de chirurgie a, elle, un taux de complications bien plus faible et sa complication spécifique est l’hématome scrotal. Lors de la castration d’un cheval cryptorchide, la complication spécifique peut être de ne pas réussir à localiser le testicule ; l’échographie et la cœlioscopie pourront alors être particulièrement utiles. Comme pour toute chirurgie, la maîtrise de la technique chirurgicale, l’asepsie et l’utilisation de matériel performant sont indispensables pour minimiser la survenue de complications. Lorsque celles-ci surviennent, leur identification rapide, une prise en charge adaptée et une bonne communication avec le client sont primordiales. La plupart des complications peuvent être traitées sur le terrain mais certaines, comme l’éventration, les hémorragies non contrôlées ou la péritonite nécessiteront une prise en charge dans un cadre hospitalier.
Complications associées aux laparoscopies
Authors: Pujol Raymond
Published: May 2023

La laparoscopie ou cœlioscopie est une procédure minimalement invasive dont le but est de diminuer la douleur postopératoire, permettre une convalescence plus courte et obtenir une meilleure cicatrisation des tissus par rapport aux chirurgies conventionnelles ouvertes. Néanmoins certaines complications peuvent survenir tout au long de l’intervention et peuvent être sévères. Les étapes clés sont liées à l’anesthésie locale, la création des ports laparoscopiques et instrumentaux, l’insufflation, et l’acte chirurgical. Le praticien doit donc les connaître pour guider le propriétaire dans sa décision, mais aussi pour les anticiper et réagir au mieux si elles apparaissent.
Complications de la chirurgie oculaire chez le cheval
Authors: Regnier Alain , Goetz Mathilde , Douet Jean-Yves
Published: May 2023

Conjointement à l’amélioration de la connaissance des affections oculaires du cheval, les indications chirurgicales de certaines d’entre-elles se sont développées au cours de ces deux dernières décennies. Commencée avec la chirurgie des annexes de l’œil et celle du globe oculaire, la chirurgie oculaire chez le cheval a progressivement évolué pour inclure les affections de la cornée et certaines affections intra­oculaires. L’élargissement des indications opératoires des affections de l’œil du cheval a été le résultat d’une évolution vers la spécialisation des méthodes diagnostiques et chirurgicales, et particulièrement pour ces dernières de l’utilisation de la microchirurgie oculaire. Le recul de plusieurs années de pratique a permis d’évaluer les bénéfices et les insuffisances de ces chirurgies oculaires. Dans un premier temps, cet article se propose de passer en revue la réalisation et les complications des chirurgies des annexes de l’œil (paupières et membranes nictitante) et celles du globe oculaire (l’énucléation et ses variantes). Ces chirurgies ont été associées car elles ont de nombreuses indications cliniques, et elles ont en commun d’être généralement simples à réaliser et de pouvoir être faites avec du matériel de chirurgie générale. L’étude de leurs possibles complications permet de mieux les anticiper, et de savoir minimiser leurs conséquences si elles apparaissent.
Complications des chirurgies dentaires
Authors: Robert Mickaël
Published: May 2023

Les chirurgies dentaires présentent des taux de complications assez élevés. Celles-ci peuvent survenir avant, durant ou après la procédure d’exodontie. Les techniques d’anesthésies régionales demandent de bien connaître les repères anatomiques ainsi qu’une bonne asepsie. Outre les problèmes nerveux temporaires et les hématomes, l’anesthésie du nerf lingual lors de bloc alvéolaire inférieur peut causer des lésions auto-induites de la langue. Lors de l’exodontie, le risque principal est de fracturer la dent à retirer. Une bonne évaluation préopératoire permet normalement de choisir la technique d’exodontie la plus adaptée pour limiter ce risque ainsi que des techniques alternatives si la dent se casse. Des lésions vasculo-nerveuses sont aussi possibles en cas de technique non adaptée ou non maitrisée. Leurs conséquences peuvent parfois être désastreuses. Les problèmes de cicatrisation d’alvéoles sont assez faciles à gérer initialement en changeant régulièrement le plug et en retirant les éventuels séquestres, mais deviennent plus problématiques lorsqu’une fistule épithélialisée s’installe. Lors de répulsion ou de mini-buccotomie, un guidage radiographique est essentiel pour limiter les lésions iatrogènes. Enfin la mise en place du plug, ses changements et son maintien sont également un facteur déterminant pour limiter les complications postopératoires.
A Trichinella britovi outbreak in the Northern Alps of France: investigation by a local survey network
Authors: Peju Martin , Granier Bérangère , Garnaud Cécile , Brenier-Pinchart Marie-Pierre , Vallée Isabelle , Chevillot Aurélie , Mérel Charlotte , Chereau Fanny , Deher Muriel , Rogeaux Olivier , Yera Hélène
Published: May 2023

We describe a small family outbreak of trichinellosis caused by the consumption of raw ham from a wild boar (Sus scrofa) hunted in the northern Alps of France in February 2022. Out of the six people, aged 3–69 years, who consumed the meat, three were confirmed cases, and three were suspected cases. Eosinophilia detected in four people was the hallmark that drove the diagnosis. Three patients presented with myalgia, two with intense and prolonged chest pain, and one with elevated troponin. One patient presented with dermographism during treatment. Anti-Trichinella IgG were detected in three symptomatic individuals after about ten weeks. One patient had negative serology and no symptoms, but was on long-term corticosteroid therapy. Trichinella britovi larvae (8.3 larvae/g) were detected in the wild boar meat remnants. Trichinellosis is rare in France, but this family outbreak is reminiscent of the circulation of this pathogen in wild animals, highlighting the need to inform hunters about the risk of infection linked to the consumption of raw meat of game animals, and about the need for veterinary inspection of game meat. The consumption of raw meat outside controlled circuits is a practice not devoid of risks, which justifies raising the awareness of hunters, doctors, and medical biologists.
Multikernel: Operating system solution to generalized functional safety
Authors: Song Yijing , Dai Huasheng , Jiang Jinhu , Zhang Weihua
Published: May 2023

With the trend of digitalization, intelligence, and networking sweeping the world, functional safety and cyber security are increasingly intertwined and overlapped, evolving into the issue of generalized functional safety. Traditional system reliability technology and network defense technology cannot provide quantifiable design implementation theories and methods. As the cornerstone of software systems, operating systems in particular are in need of efficient safety assurance. The DHR architecture is a mature and comprehensive solution, and it is necessary to implement an OS-level DHR architecture, for which the multi-kernel operating system is a good carrier. The multi-kernel operating system takes the kernel as the processing scenario element and constructs redundancy, heterogeneity, and dynamism on the kernel, so it has the generalized robustness of the DHR architecture. This article analyzes the significance and requirements of OS-level DHR architecture, and systematically explains how the multi-kernel operating system responds to the requirements of OS-level DHR architecture by analyzing the technical routes of multi-kernel operating systems and develops an operating system solution idea for the generalized functionally safety.
Digital identity, privacy security, and their legal safeguards in the Metaverse
Authors: Wu Hong , Zhang Wenxiang
Published: May 2023

The Metaverse is the digitization of the real world, supported by big data, AI, 5G, cloud computing, blockchain, encryption algorithm, perception technology, digital twin, virtual engine, and other technologies that interact with human behavior and thoughts in avatars through digital identity. Cracking the trust problem brought by the avatar depends on the privacy security and authentication technology for individuals using digital identities to enter the Metaverse. To accomplish personal domination of the avatar, metaverse users need privacy data feeding and emotion projection. They must be equipped with proprietary algorithms to process and analyze the complex data generated in adaptive interactions, which challenges the privacy security of user data in the Metaverse. Distinguishing the significance of different identifiers in personal identity generation while imposing different behavioral regulatory requirements on data processing levels may better balance the relationship between personal privacy security and digital identity protection and data utilization in the Metaverse. In response to digital identity issues, there is an objective need to establish a unified digital identity authentication system to gain the general trust of society. Further, the remedies for a right to personality can be applied to the scenario of unlawful infringement of digital identity and privacy security.
On challenges of AI to cognitive security and safety
Authors: Huang Ruiyang , Zheng Xiaoqing , Shang Yuting , Xue Xiangyang
Published: May 2023

Recent advances in deep learning have led to disruptive breakthroughs in artificial intelligence (AI), fueling the jump in ChatGPT-like large language models (LLMs). As with any emerging technology, it is a two-sided coin, bringing not only vast social impacts but also significant security concerns, especially in the socio-cognitive domain. Against this background, this work starts with an inherent mechanism analysis of cognitive domain games, from which it proceeds to explore the security concerns facing the cognitive domain as well as to analyze the formation mechanisms of a cognitive immune system. Finally, inspired by behavioral mimicry in biology, this work will elaborate on new approaches to cognitive security from three aspects: Mimicry Computing, Mimicry Defense, and Mimicry Intelligence.
Virustherapie bei Gehirntumoren
Authors: Krome Susanne
Published: May 2023

Undifferenzierte Glioblastome haben trotz aggressiver Therapie eine sehr ungünstige Prognose. Bisherige Immuntherapien erfüllten die Erwartungen nicht. Prof. Evanthia Galanis, Rochester, stellt das Konzept der onkolytischen Viren vor. In einer aktuellen Phase-I-Studie verlängerten intratumoral applizierte Adenoviren die Überlebenszeit von erkrankten Kindern und Erwachsenen signifikant.
Investigation of the effects of Bipolar Radiofrequency Energy on the Structural Morphology of Dental Plaque
Authors: Amaechi Bennett T. , Mohseni Sahar , Dillow Andrew M. , Abdul Azees Parveez Ahamed , Movaghari Pour Fatemeh , Kataoka Yuko , Restrepo Maria Camila
Published: May 2023

Objectives To investigate the effects of radiofrequency (RF) energy, applied through a power toothbrush, on the structural morphology of dental plaque and its bacteria components. Previous studies showed that a toothbrush powered by RF (ToothWave) effectively reduces extrinsic tooth stains, plaque, and calculus. However, the mechanism by which it reduces dental plaque deposits is not fully established.

Materials and Methods Multispecies plaques at sampling time points of 24, 48, and 72 hours were treated with the application of RF using ToothWave with the toothbrush bristles 1 mm above the plaque surface. Groups that underwent the same protocol but without RF treatment served as paired controls. Confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) was used to determine cell viability at each time point. Plaque morphology and bacteria ultrastructure were viewed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM), respectively.

Statistical Analysis Data were analyzed statistically using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni post-tests.

Results At each time, RF treatment significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the viable cells in plaque and caused a substantial disruption of plaque morphology, while the untreated plaque had intact morphology. Cells in treated plaques showed disrupted cell walls, cytoplasmic material, huge vacuoles, and heterogeneity in electron density, while these organelles remained intact in untreated plaques.

Conclusion The application of RF via a power toothbrush can disrupt plaque morphology and kill bacteria. These effects were enhanced by the combined application of RF and toothpaste.
Deciphering the Patterns of Dual Primary Cases Registered at the Hospital-Based Cancer Registry: First Experience from Rural Cancer Center in North India
Authors: Sancheti Sankalp , Goel Alok Kumar , Singla Anshul , Chauhan Kuldeep Singh , Arora Kiran , Chaudhary Debashish , Dora Tapas , Tahlan Shweta , Kadam Prithviraj , Joshi Prachi , Sali Akash , Brar Rahatdeep Singh , Budukh Atul , Gulia Ashish , Divatia Jigeeshu Vasishtha , Badwe Rajendra
Published: May 2023

Objectives The objective is to present the patterns of dual primary malignancies diagnosed at the Pathology Laboratory of Cancer Hospital with the support from hospital-based cancer registry (HBCR), Sangrur, Punjab, India for the years 2018 and 2019.

Methods HBCR abstracts data from electronic medical records. Trained cancer registry staff abstracts cases in standard pro forma. Dual primary was coded as per the International Agency for Research on Cancer rule and was rechecked by the pathologist.

Statistical Analysis Data about multiple primary was entered and documented in an Excel sheet. Time interval was calculated by subtracting the date of diagnosis for second primary and first primary.

Results A total of 6,933 cases were registered, 45 cases are dual primary (26 females, 19 males) of which 64.4% are synchronous and 35.6% metachronous cases. Seventy-nine percent received cancer-directed treatment for synchronous and 87% for metachronous. The most common sites of the primary tumor were breast (33%), head and neck (22.2%), gynecological sites (11%), prostate (9%), esophagus (4%), and remaining other tumors (20.8%). Most common sites for second malignancies were gastrointestinal (GI) tract (31%), gynecological sites (18%), head and neck (16%), hematological malignancies (7%), soft tissue sarcoma (4%), breast (2%), and other sites (22%).

Conclusion More than 70% of cases of primary tumors were in breast, head and neck, gynecological, and prostate. Of these, more than 60% of the second malignancy was found in the GI tract, gynecological, and head and neck sites. Around two-thirds of dual tumors are synchronous. Breast cancer cases have higher incidence of second malignancy. Regular follow-up is necessary to assess the survival of the second primary.
Implications of war on the food, beverage, and tobacco industry in South Korea
Authors: Bhadra Madhusmita , Gul M. Junaid , Choi Gyu Sang
Published: May 2023

The Food, Beverage & Tobacco (F&B) industry is an essential sector in the competitive economy. Procurement of production factors mainly depends on sales forecasting and the supply chain of raw materials. However, the conflict between Russia and Ukraine has jeopardized the global supply chain. As the conflict worsened, the world faced a food crisis, which was already a significant challenge due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Understanding how conflict-related disruptions in global food markets might affect the stock return of the F&B industry of South Korea, this study forecasts the stock returns on the KOSDAQ F&B sector. This paper highlights that the conflict resulted in immediate and far-reaching consequences on the global food supply chain and future crop harvesting in South Korea. As numerous algorithms have been widely used in predicting stock market returns, we use Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model for the prediction. Using daily returns from the KOSDAQ F&B industry from January 1999 to October 2022, the study proposes an ARIMA (2,2,3) model to forecast future movements of the stock returns. With an RMSE of 0.012, the prediction performance holds good using the ARIMA model. The results show a negative trend observed in the F&B sector returns for a few months, implying that sector stock returns decline as the conflict between Russia and Ukraine becomes more pronounced. This study also suggests that South Korea has massive scope to stabilize the demand for healthy, safe food, give more attention to domestic agribusiness, and make itself a self-sufficient agri-economy.
The Spanish population’s interest in climate change based on Internet searches
Authors: Álvarez-García Olaya , Sureda-Negre Jaume , Comas-Forgas Rubén , Oliver-Trobat Miquel F.
Published: May 2023

The climate crisis is one of the most important global problems facing humanity. Analyzing the search for information on climate change (CC) on the internet can be a predictor of public interest in this problem and, therefore, of the degree of concern exhibited by citizens. This study analyzes the interest in CC among the Spanish population and identifies some variables that may influence this interest. The methodology involves the collection and analysis of data obtained from SEMrush and Google Analytics. We analyzed the search trends of four key descriptors related to CC (“climate change,” “global warming,” “climate emergency” and “greenhouse effect”) during two periods of time, and the relationship between these searches and three relational variables (volume of news in the media, occurrence of extreme weather events and CC-related events). The results indicate that the Spanish population’s interest in CC via the Internet has increased in recent years and is directly influenced by variables such as media coverage of CC, events related to CC, and social pressure exerted by social movements for CC. Some proposals are discussed and presented in relation to the concern for this problem.
Epitaxial growth, optical and electrical conductivity of the metallic pyrochlore Bi2Ru2O7 on Y-stabilized ZrO2 substrate
Authors: O’Sullivan Marita , Alaria Jonathan , Dyer Matthew S. , Claridge John B. , Gaultois Michael W. , Rosseinsky Matthew J.
Published: May 2023

Epitaxial heterostructures composed of complex correlated metal oxides, grown along specific crystallographic orientations, offer a route to investigating emergent phenomena such as topological states and spin liquids through geometrical lattice engineering. A2Ru2O7 pyrochlore ruthenates, in particular, exhibit a metal–insulator transition with varying A cation, whose mechanism is not fully understood. We report on the epitaxial growth, and structural and electrical properties of metallic pyrochlore bismuth ruthenate heterostructures, grown along both the [001] and [111] directions. Ordered pyrochlore thin films were obtained with a highly oriented texture along the [001] and [111] crystallographic directions. Density functional theory calculations of the electronic band structure and density of states indicated that Bi2Ru2O7 is semimetallic and that hybridization of the Ru 4d and Bi 6p orbitals via the anion network at the Fermi energy was responsible for the metallicity. Electrical conductivity measurements confirmed that the compound is weakly metallic, in agreement with the reported conductivity for the stoichiometric bulk compound. The carrier concentration and mobility of the electrons compared favorably with previous reports on bulk material and indicate strong electron–electron interactions. The measured and computed optical conductivities were found to share coincident spectral features and confirm the electronic correlation. Comparison of the electrical and optical properties of the two distinct orientations indicates differences that cannot be attributed to differences in crystalline quality or dislocations and may indicate anisotropy in the electronic structure of Bi2Ru2O7. This study will enable access to the kagome lattice arising naturally in the 111 planes of the pyrochlore B cation sublattice, which may be used to uncover emergent topological properties.
Durable Ni3N porous nanosheets array for non-noble metal methanol oxidation reaction
Authors: Zhang Wanying , Rafiq Madiha , Lu Jingcheng , Woldu Abebe Reda , Zhou Jianhong , Xia Hong , Chu Paul K. , Hu Liangsheng , Lu Fushen
Published: May 2023

Direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) are energy carriers with a significant high energy density, easy implementation, a low operating temperature, and a convenient methanol fuel storage, rendering them a reasonable alternative for portable applications. However, there are several substantial barriers to the widespread use of DMFCs that must be addressed. Noble metal-based catalysts have long been regarded as outstanding electrocatalysts for fuel cells, but their high cost and low durability have kept them from becoming widely used. Nickel-based electrocatalysts are possible replacements for expensive noble metal catalysts owing to their low price, high durability, and remarkable surface oxidation properties. Herein, we develop an incredibly active and remarkably stable electrocatalyst for the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) via a simple hydrothermal method coupled with nitridation to prepare highly porous Ni3N nanosheets arrays supported by nickel foam (NF) substrate.  The in situ growth of highly porous nanosheets on NF (NSAs/NF) exposes more active sites and allows fast charge/mass transfer, creating synergistic effects between Ni3N and NF. As a result, the strong interaction between Ni3N and NF prevents leaching and renders the catalyst highly stable for over 20 h with a 72.58% retention rate, making it among the best retention rates reported recently for comparable Ni-based catalysts. Based on these findings, nickel nitride appears to be an excellent electrocatalyst for fuel cell applications.
‘Easy Language’ for migrants in France
Authors: Canut Emmanuelle , Fuchs Julia , Delahaie Juliette , Husianycia Magali , Torres Olivier
Published: May 2023

One of the target groups of Easy Language, a comprehensibility enhanced variety of a natural language, are
migrants who have difficulties with the standard language of the host country. However, regarding French Easy Language,
evidence-based linguistic criteria are lacking. Therefore, the present study aims at elaborating suitable linguistic criteria for
French Easy Language intended for low-literate migrants. We asked 87 migrants in France to read four texts, two original and two
rewritten according to specific criteria, and to answer several comprehension questions presented in a questionnaire. The score of
correctly answered questions is significantly higher in the case of the rewritten texts. The article discusses the implications of
this result in the context of Easy Language research and gives an outlook on current research desiderata.
Boundaries of belonging
Authors: Ganuza Natalia , Rydell Maria
Published: May 2023

This article uses contemporary Swedish fiction to explore sociolinguistic phenomena, and argues that literature constitutes an important arena for studying the (re)production and circulation of sociolinguistic experiences and ideas at a particular time and place. It builds on qualitative analysis of 65 Swedish books, published between 2000 and 2020, which depict protagonists with multilingual and migrant backgrounds. The study examines patterns of repetition in these works of fiction. It foregrounds recurring sociolinguistic experiences that are made relevant in the depiction of the fictional characters’ lives, and how they are emotionally interpreted. The analysis shows that the narrated experiences are often told and organized in similar ways and they tend to use the same social images of speakers to highlight processes of boundary-making and social differentiation. Language is used as an important part of the entextualization of these social experiences. For example, the authors often depict “the immigrant” and “the Swede” as binary opposites, which are linked to certain typical forms of speaking and being. By way of repetition, we argue, these recurring fictional experiences contribute to the formation of a grander narrative about language, belonging and social boundary-making in contemporary Sweden, and to the construction of Sweden as a society that is increasingly segregated and stratified.
Elevational deixis in the Kiranti verb
Authors: Jacques Guillaume , Lahaussois Aimée
Published: May 2023

This article deals with elevational deixis in Kiranti languages, a feature which is pervasive in these languages in both the verbal and nominal domains. The system of elevation is described in most grammars of these languages as tripartite, following the typologically common system comprising up(wards), same level/across, down(wards) elevations.

This work reviews the available data on elevational deixis in the verbal system, and has two main contributions. First, it shows that motion verbs unspecified for elevation are an essential part of the elevation marking paradigm, and are obligatory in some specific elevational configurations. Second, it argues that on the one hand elevationally marked motion verbs are cognate as whole sets across Kiranti, and probably reconstructible to proto-Kiranti and beyond, and on the other hand that a subgroup of Kiranti including Chintang, Athpare, Belhare and Yamphu have innovated a second set of elevationally-marked motion verbs.
Novel high-speed monolithic silicon detector for particle physics
Authors: Trifonova E. , Caselle M. , Ehrler F. , Elsenhans A.F. , Iacobucci G. , Kopmann A. , Paolozzi L. , Patil M.M. , Perić I. , Weber M.
Published: May 2023

This contribution presents simulation results, implementation, and first tests of a
monolithic detector developed at KIT. It consists of a sensor diode tightly integrated with an
analogue front-end based on SiGe (Silicon-Germanium) SG13G2 130 nm BiCMOS technology produced at
the Leibniz Institute for High Performance Microelectronics (IHP). The pixel size is
100 μm × 100 μm, and the nwell charge collection node dimensions were reduced
to 10 μm × 10 μm. We investigate the influence of this approach on sensor
performance, spatial resolution via charge sharing and timing behaviour.
Collagen-mesenchymal stem cell spheroids in suspension promote high adipogenic capacity
Authors: Moreno-Castellanos Natalia , Cuartas-Gómez Elías , Vargas-Ceballos Oscar
Published: May 2023

Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) represent a unique and promising platform because of their ability to promote soft tissue regeneration, particularly their ability to differentiate into adipocytes, which are important for adipose tissue regeneration. In this context, type I collagen is the most abundant extracellular matrix component of adipose tissue and can act as a natural spheroid source to support the differentiation process of stem cells. However, spheroids based on collagen and hMSCs without numerous pro-adipogenic factors that can induce adipogenesis have not yet been investigated. In this study, we focused on developing collagen-hMSC spheroids capable of differentiating into adipocyte-like cells in a short time (eight culture days) without adipogenic factors, with potential applications in adipose tissue repair. The physical and chemical properties of the spheroids indicated successful cross-linking of collagen. Upon spheroid development, stability, cell viability, and metabolic activity of the constructs were maintained. During adipogenesis, cell morphology shows significant changes, in which cells change from a fibroblast-like shape to an adipocyte-like shape, and adipogenic gene expression after eight days of cell culture. These results support the utility of collagen-hMSC 3 mg ml−1 collagen concentration spheroids to differentiate into adipocyte-like cells in a short time without adverse effects on biocompatibility, metabolic activity, or cell morphology, suggesting that this construct may be used in soft tissue engineering.
Microclimate complexity in temperate grasslands: implications for conservation and management under climate change
Authors: Bernath-Plaisted Jacy S , Ribic Christine A , Hills W Beckett , Townsend Philip A , Zuckerberg Benjamin
Published: May 2023

As climate change advances, there is a need to examine climate conditions at scales that are ecologically relevant to species. While microclimates in forested systems have been extensively studied, microclimates in grasslands have received little attention despite the climate vulnerability of this endangered biome. We employed a novel combination of iButton temperature and humidity measurements, fine-scale spatial observations of vegetation and topography collected by unpiloted aircraft system, and gridded mesoclimate products to model microclimate anomalies in temperate grasslands. We found that grasslands harbored diverse microclimates and that primary productivity (as represented by normalized difference vegetation index), canopy height, and topography were strong spatial drivers of these anomalies. Microclimate heterogeneity is likely of ecological importance to grassland organisms seeking out climate change refugia, and thus there is a need to consider microclimate complexity in the management and conservation of grassland biodiversity.
Synthesis of V2O5-MgO/TiO2 mixed oxide nanocomposites for photocatalytic treatment of CO in vehicle exhaust emissions
Authors: Mai Van Tien , Doan Thi Oanh , Pham Binh , Le Thi Trinh , Duong Thi Thuy , Pham Ba Viet Anh
Published: May 2023

Photocatalytic nanotechnology is one of the techniques that brings many new breakthroughs since it possesses high potential for the supply of clean energy and the degradation of persistent organic pollutants in the environment. The drawback of photocatalytic materials such as TiO2, ZnO, V2O5 is the activation only under ultraviolet light. To extend the applicability of photocatalytic nanomaterials to a visible light region, recent research has focused on the modification of semiconducting photocatalysts. In this study, V2O5-MgO/TiO2 mixed oxide nanocomposites were synthesised via a sol-gel method by using polyvinyl alcohol as a gelling agent. The basic structural characteristics of nanocomposites were determined by analytical techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), BET, energy dispersive x-ray (EDX), x-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared (IR) and ultraviolet-visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy. The results obtained from EDX and XRD analyses indicate that V2O5 and MgO particles with a size between 14.5 and 21.3 nm were formed and uniformly dispersed in TiO2 phases. Moreover, the effects of oxide weight ratios, illuminating conditions and reaction time on the photocatalytic activity of the nanocomposites were investigated via CO conversion with the input CO concentrations of 8000 ppm. Significantly, the V2O5-MgO/TiO2 nanocomposites were used for treating CO in motorcycle exhaust fumes. The efficiency of the process reached 82% for 10 min, indicating the potential applicability of the V2O5-MgO/TiO2 nanocomposites for the CO treatment of industrial emissions.
The investigation of wear properties of nanoparticle-reinforced epoxy composite material surfaces
Authors: Apay Serkan , Kilinçel Mert
Published: May 2023

This study added nano-sized Al2O3, Boron, and TiO2 powders to the epoxy polymer at 0.5% and 1% ratios. Abrasive wear resistance properties of nanoparticle-reinforced epoxy polymers were investigated. First cylindrical specimens with and without additives were prepared for realizing the experimental research. Pin-on discs were used for the wear test of epoxy samples. The mass losses were measured via a precision scale. According to the results, the boron nanoparticles have increased the epoxy specimens’ resistance. As a result of the experimental studies, it was observed that the wear resistance of the epoxy composite increased with each nano-sized powder added to the epoxy. SEM and optical profilometry investigated the composites’ friction coefficient and surface morphology. As a result of friction coefficient and wear weight loss tests, the highest wear resistance was obtained in 1% boron powder nano-reinforced epoxy composites. It was observed that the epoxy friction coefficient was in the range of 0.4–0.6, which decreased to the range of 0.2–0.4 with the addition of nano boron. The surface roughness value after epoxy wear was measured as 1.4 μm. With the addition of nano boron, this value was measured as 0.32 μm. Optical profilometry and SEM imaging results also support these values.
Spatial distributions of stranded fossil asset costs and benefits from climate change mitigation
Authors: Yang Haozhe , Meng Kyle C , Suh Sangwon
Published: May 2023

A global 2 °C climate target is projected to generate significant economic benefits. However, the presence of fossil fuel assets that are stranded as a consequence of climate change mitigation could complicate cost-benefit considerations at the country level. Here, we quantify the spatial distribution of stranded asset costs (SAC) together with that of the GDP benefits of climate mitigation (BCM). Under a 2 °C scenario, global total SAC is $19 trillion while global BCM is $63 trillion by 2050. At the country level, the sign of a country’s net benefit, the difference between BCM and SAC, is largely determined by the sign of its BCM. Net benefits are broadly positive across subtropical and tropical countries where high baseline temperatures imply GDP damage from climate change and negative across temperate countries where low baseline temperatures imply GDP gains. Notably, even major fossil fuel producers such as India, China, USA, and Saudi Arabia are projected to receive positive net benefits from a 2 °C scenario by 2050. Overall, 95% of global net benefit will be borne by low and lower-middle income countries. These results could inform the geopolitics of global climate change cooperation in the decades to come.