bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Presalt reservoirs of the Santos Basin: Cyclicity, electrofacies, and tectonic-sedimentary evolution
Authors: Neves Igor de Andrade , Lupinacci Wagner Moreira , Ferreira Danilo Jotta Ariza , Zambrini João Paulo Rodrigues , Oliveira Luís Otávio Aguiar , Olho Azul Maria , Ferrari André Luiz , Gamboa Luiz Antonio Pierantoni
Published: June 2019

Presalt reservoirs of the Santos Basin accounted for more than 50% of Brazilian hydrocarbon production in the first two months of 2019. Its most important reservoirs are found in the Barra Velha Formation; thus understanding its genesis and geologic history is essential. This formation is composed of carbonates deposited in an alkaline lacustrine environment with a multiplicity of facies from boundstones and grainstones to mudstones. We have performed a sedimentary analysis based on the integration of sidewall core (SWC) samples and well logs from two wells coupled with seismic patterns discrimination to characterize the tectonic and depositional evolution of the Barra Velha Formation in a sector of the Outer High of the Santos Basin in this study. Our method initially consisted of the evaluation of well logs, aiming to identify shallowing and flooding upward cycles of the second and third orders for the paleoenvironmental conceptualization upper rift and sag phases. Then, we defined electrofacies through the integration of SWCs, gamma ray, and acoustic impedance logs using the crossplot approach. Finally, we described seismic patterns throughout the study area and correlated with results from well data analysis. Therefore, the Barra Velha Formation was subdivided into three zones: the lower, intermediate, and upper zones. Well 1 has a facies association characteristic of a proximal and stable environment during deposition, whereas well 2 initially presents in a distal environment sedimentation that evolves to a more proximal setting. This fact evidenced differences with respect to base-level variations indicating compartmentalization within the lacustrine environment of the upper rift and sag phase that corroborated with the detailed seismic pattern interpretation of the study area.
Prospective Study of Cardiac Events During Proteasome Inhibitor Therapy for Relapsed Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Cornell Robert F. , Ky Bonnie , Weiss Brendan M. , Dahm Cherie N. , Gupta Deepak K. , Du Liping , Carver Joseph R. , Cohen Adam D. , Engelhardt Brian G. , Garfall Alfred L. , Goodman Stacey A. , Harrell Shelton Lacy , Kassim Adetola A. , Jadhav Trafina , Jagasia Madan , Moslehi Javid , O’Quinn Rupal , Savona Michael R. , Slosky David , Smith Amanda , Stadtmauer Edward A. , Vogl Dan T. , Waxman Adam , Lenihan Daniel
Published: June 2019

PURPOSE

Cardiovascular adverse events (CVAEs) can occur during proteasome inhibitor (PI) therapy. We conducted a prospective, observational, multi-institutional study to define risk factors and outcomes in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) receiving PIs.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

Patients with relapsed MM initiating carfilzomib- or bortezomib-based therapy underwent baseline assessments and repeated assessments at regular intervals over 6 months, including cardiac biomarkers (troponin I or T, brain natriuretic peptide [BNP], and N-terminal proBNP), ECG, and echocardiography. Monitoring occurred over 18 months for development of CVAEs.

RESULTS

Of 95 patients enrolled, 65 received carfilzomib and 30 received bortezomib, with median 25 months of follow-up. Sixty-four CVAEs occurred, with 55% grade 3 or greater in severity. CVAEs occurred in 51% of patients treated with carfilzomib and 17% of those treated with bortezomib ( P = .002). Median time to first CVAE from treatment start was 31 days, and 86% occurred within the first 3 months. Patients receiving carfilzomib-based therapy with a baseline elevated BNP level higher than 100 pg/mL or N-terminal proBNP level higher than 125 pg/mL had increased risk for CVAE (odds ratio, 10.8; P < .001). Elevated natriuretic peptides occurring mid–first cycle of treatment with carfilzomib were associated with a substantially higher risk of CVAEs (odds ratio, 36.0; P < .001). Patients who experienced a CVAE had inferior progression-free survival (log-rank P = .01) and overall survival (log-rank P < .001). PI therapy was safely resumed in 89% of patients, although 41% required chemotherapy modifications.

CONCLUSION

CVAEs are common during PI therapy for relapsed MM, especially with carfilzomib, particularly within the first 3 months of therapy. CVAEs were associated with worse overall outcomes, but usually, discontinuation of therapy was not required. Natriuretic peptides were highly predictive of CVAEs; however, validation of this finding is necessary before uniform incorporation into the routine management of patients receiving carfilzomib.
Evaluation of Commercial Circulating Tumor DNA Test in Metastatic Prostate Cancer
Authors: Taavitsainen Sinja , Annala Matti , Ledet Elisa , Beja Kevin , Miller Patrick J. , Moses Marcus , Nykter Matti , Chi Kim N. , Sartor Oliver , Wyatt Alexander W.
Published: June 2019

PURPOSE

Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) sequencing provides a minimally invasive method for tumor molecular stratification. Commercial ctDNA sequencing is increasingly used in the clinic, but its accuracy in metastatic prostate cancer is untested. We compared the commercial Guardant360 ctDNA test against an academic sequencing approach for profiling metastatic prostate cancer.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

Plasma cell-free DNA was collected between September 2016 and April 2018 from 24 patients with clinically progressive metastatic prostate cancer representing a range of clinical scenarios. Each sample was analyzed using Guardant360 and a research panel encompassing 73 prostate cancer genes. Concordance of somatic mutation and copy number calls was evaluated between the two approaches.

RESULTS

Targeted sequencing independently confirmed 94% of somatic mutations identified by Guardant360 at an allele fraction greater than 1%. AR amplifications and mutations were detected with high concordance in 14 patients, with only three discordant subclonal mutations at an allele fraction lower than 0.5%. Many somatic mutations identified by Guardant360 at an allele fraction lower than 1% seemed to represent subclonal passenger events or non–prostate-derived clones. Most of the non- AR gene amplifications reported by Guardant360 represented single copy gains. The research approach detected several clinically relevant DNA repair gene alterations not reported by Guardant360, including four germline truncating BRCA2/ ATM mutations, two somatic ATM stop gain mutations, one BRCA2 biallelic deletion, 11 BRCA2 stop gain reversal mutations in a patient treated with olaparib, and a hypermutator phenotype in a patient sample with 42 mutations per megabase.

CONCLUSION

Guardant360 accurately identifies somatic ctDNA mutations in patients with metastatic prostate cancer, but low allele frequency mutations should be interpreted with caution. Test utility in metastatic prostate cancer is currently limited by the lack of reporting on actionable deletions, rearrangements, and germline mutations.
Removal of Cationic or Anionic Dyes from Water Using Ion Exchange Cellulose Monoliths as Adsorbents
Authors: Yang Zhaohang , Asoh Taka-Aki , Uyama Hiroshi
Published: June 2019

This work deals with the preparation of poly(sodium p-styrenesulfonate) (PSS) and poly[(3-acryloylaminopropyl)trimethylammonium chloride] (APTAC) modified ion exchange cellulose monoliths (C-g-PSS and C-g-APTAC, respectively). The obtained ion exchange monoliths were employed for the removal of cationic or anionic dyes from aqueous solutions with particular reference to the effects of initial dye concentration, flow rate and ionic strength on adsorption. Detailed adsorption characteristics of ion exchange monoliths including operational parameters, adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherms were investigated. Results showed exceptional affinity for adsorption of dyes due to the charge-induced adsorption. The observations from dynamic adsorption experiments indicated that the modified monoliths allowed ultra-fast adsorption of dyes at relatively high flow rates and were more favourable under low ionic strength conditions. An ultrahigh equilibrium adsorption capacity of 606.3 mg g−1 and dye removal efficiency of 72.3% for methylene blue was observed for the C-g-PSS monolith, which exhibited better adsorption performance than that of APTAC functionalized monolith for acid red 70. However, C-g-APTAC monolith was found superior in dye recoveries and regeneration, the adsorption efficiency can be maintained at 97% after 7 adsorption-desorption cycles. Combining the ultrafast adsorption kinetics with high removal capacity and good recyclability, the ion exchange monoliths have great potential for effluent treatment applications.
Report of a case of cavernous haemangioma of the cavernous sinus
Authors: Ibrahim Dalia , El Fiki Ahmed , Hafez Mohamed , Saleem Sahar
Published: June 2019

Cavernous haemangioma of the cavernous sinus is a rare vascular malformation. It's often confused with other parasellar masses. Here, we report a case of a female with a left parasellar mass which was misdiagnosed as schwannoma vs meningioma using CT and MRI. The patient was operated via the pterional approach but resection had been halted due to severe haemorrhage and only tumour biopsy could be obtained. The diagnosis of cavernous sinus haemangioma was established by histopathology and confirmed by subsequent digital subtraction angiography. The patient refused second surgery or adjuvant radiosurgery and the treatment strategy was observation and follow-up. Retrospectively, we included the key radiographic features of cavernous sinus haemangioma which would facilitate pre-operative diagnosis and avoid unforeseen operative complications. Diagnostic radiographic features include a well-defined mass in the cavernous sinus which shows isodense to slightly hyperdense attenuation on non-contrast CT scan with possible adjacent pressure bone remodelling. On MRI, it shows remarkable high T2 signal; intense homogenous enhancement or characteristic progressive contrast enhancement on sequential enhanced images. On digital subtraction angiography, it may demonstrate a vascular blush.
Quantitative evaluation of artefact reduction from metallic dental materials in short tau inversion recovery imaging: efficacy of syngo WARP at 3.0 tesla
Authors: Tran Lan Thi Xuan , Sakamoto Junichiro , Kuribayashi Ami , Watanabe Hiroshi , Tomisato Hiroshi , Kurabayashi Tohru
Published: June 2019

Objectives:

To evaluate the effects of syngo WARP on reducing metal artefacts from dental materials.

Methods:

Short tau inversion recovery (STIR) with syngo WARP [a dedicated metal artefact reduction sequence in combination with view-angle-tilting (VAT)] was performed using phantoms of three dental alloys: cobalt–chromium (Co–Cr), nickel–chromium (Ni–Cr), and titanium (Ti). Artefact volumes and reduction ratios of black, white and overall artefacts in the standard STIR and syngo WARP images with several different parameter settings were quantified according to standards of the American Society for Testing and Materials F2119-07. In all sequences, the artefact volumes and reduction ratios were compared. The modulation transfer function (MTF) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were also measured for evaluation of image quality.

Results:

In standard STIR, the overall artefact volume of Co–Cr was markedly larger than those of Ni–Cr and Ti. All types of artefacts tended to be reduced with increasing receiver bandwidth (rBW) and VAT. The effect of artefact reduction tended to be more obvious in the axial plane than in the sagittal plane. Compared with standard STIR, syngo WARP with a matrix of 384 × 384, receiver bandwidth of 620 Hz/pixel, and VAT of 100 % in the axial plane obtained reduction effects of 30 % (white artefacts), 45 % (black artefacts), and 38 % (overall artefacts) although MTF and CNR decreased by 30 and 22 % compared with those of standard STIR, respectively.

Conclusions:

syngo WARP for STIR can effectively reduce metal artefacts from dental materials.
Versatility of high resolution ultrasonography in the assessment of granulomas and radicular cysts: a comparative in vivo study
Authors: Sönmez Gül , Kamburoğlu Kıvanç , Yılmaz Funda , Koç Cemre , Barış Emre , Tüzüner Ayşegül
Published: June 2019

Objectives:

To evaluate and compare the diagnostic potential of high resolution ultrasound with periapical radiographs (PR) and CBCT in assessing granulomas and radicular cysts.

Methods:

This study included a total of 33 teeth from 33 patients with periapical lesions. Subjects were distributed among three groups. A consisted of teeth that were extracted. B consisted of teeth treated with root-canal treatment followed by apical surgery. C consisted of teeth treated with root-canal treatment only. Pre-treatment PR, ultrasound and CBCT images were obtained for Groups A, B and C and 6 month post-treatment PR and ultrasound images were obtained for Groups B and C. In addition, histopathological analysis was performed on lesions in Groups A and B. Lesions were classified as either cystic lesions or granulomas. Width, height, depth, surface area and volume of lesions were measured using the built-in softwares of the appropriate imaging modalities. Measurements were compared by Wilcoxon and paired sample t tests. Ultrasound and histopathological findings were compared with κ and Mc Nemar. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results:

κ coefficient (0.667; p = 0.002) suggested good agreement between ultrasound and histopathology. No statistically significant differences were found among periapical radiography, CBCT and ultrasound in the pre-treatment measurements of lesion width ( p = 0.308) or between CBCT and periapical radiography in the pre-treatment measurements of lesion height ( p = 0.863). In all cases, mean measurement values for all variables were lower for ultrasound than for CBCT.

Conclusion:

Ultrasound provided useful information for the diagnosis and assessment of granulomas and radicular cysts.
Understanding Ethical, Legal and Societal Issues (ELSIs) in Human Biobanking and Genomics for Research and Healthcare in Zimbabwe: The Genomics Inheritance Law Ethics and Society (GILES) initiative
Authors: Matimba Alice , Chimatira Andrew , Kuguyo Oppah , January James , Mupambireyi Zivayi , Marimbe-Dube Bazondlile , Chikwasha Vasco , Nyati-Jokomo Zibusiso , Muteti Shamiso , Mangezvo Pedzisayi , Kangwende Abigail , Chingono Alfred , Chidzonga Midion , Gandari Jonathan , Hakim James , Nathoo Kusum , Samkange Christopher , Mangezi Walter , Lee Sandra , Gwanzura Lovemore , Cho Mildred , Ndebele Paul
Published: June 2019

Biobanks and human genomics applications are key for understanding health, disease and heredity in Africa and globally. Growing interest in these technologies calls for strengthening relevant legal, ethical and policy systems to address knowledge disparities and ensure protection of society, while supporting advancement of science. In Zimbabwe there is limited understanding of ethical, legal, and societal issues (ELSI) for biobanking and genomics. The Genomics Inheritance Law Ethics and Society (GILES) initiative was established in 2015 to explore the current status and gaps in the ethical and legal frameworks, knowledge among various stakeholders, and to establish capacity for addressing ELSI of biobanking and genomics as applied in biomedical and population research, and healthcare. The project was conducted over a countrywide geographical region and established one of the most comprehensive studies for ELSI of human biobanking and genomics in Africa. This paper outlines the strategy undertaken during the implementation of the GILES initiative and discusses the importance of such an initiative for characterisation of ELSI of human biobanking and genomics in Zimbabwe and Africa.
Thereby Hangs a Tail: Jonson’s The Devil Is an Ass and Stage Representations of Devil-Servants
Authors: Harrison Tom
Published: June 2019

This article considers an ambiguity concerning the stage presentation of Pug, the inept devil-servant of Ben Jonson’s The Devil Is an Ass, and explores the implications that ‘complete’ or ‘partial’ costume changes have for how an audience interprets the character, and how this apparent visual ambiguity may have been resolved by cosmetics and/or through the performance of a specific King’s Men actor. The article concludes with a comparison of ‘devilish servant-types’ in Othello and The Changeling and argues that these three plays articulate early modern insecurities about the servant through an explicit association between the servile and the demonic.
Kelly J. Stage. Producing Early Modern London: A Comedy of Urban Space, 1598–1616. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2018. Pp x, 342. Hardback USD $55.00. ISBN: 9781496201812.
Authors: Pangallo Matteo
Published: June 2019

This review considers Producing Early Modern London: A Comedy of Urban Space, 1598–1616.
Editorial
Authors: Kelly Erin E. , Gough Melinda J. , Ostovich Helen , Johnson Sarah
Published: June 2019

The editorial for issue 22.1 acknowledges that Early Theatre has received a SSHRC Aid to Scholarly Journals grant; announces an Issues in Review section on disability and early modern drama planned for issue 22.2; thanks Peter Kirwan for serving as our Book Reviews editor since 2013; and declares that Georgina Lucas will become our new Book Reviews editor.
Prevalence of osteoporosis and its associated factors in older adult’s users of the Primary Health Care
Authors: Oliveira Daniel Vicentini de , Oliveira Gustavo Vinicius do Nascimento de , Silva Diogo Alves da , Pivetta Naelly Renata Saraiva , Antunes Mateus Dias , Nascimento Júnior José Roberto Andrade do , Cavaglieri Cláudia Regina
Published: June 2019

This study examine the prevalence and factors associated to osteoporosis among older adults users of the primary health care. This cross-sectional study was carried out with 654 older adults (56% women) from primary health care in Maringá, Paraná, Brazil. The instruments used were the sociodemographic questionnaire and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), short version. Data analysis was conducted through Chi-square test and Binary Logistic Regression (p < 0.05). The results showed a prevalence of 15.6% of older adults who reported the presence of osteoporosis. There was a higher prevalence of women with osteoporosis (p = 0.001), and on the other hand, there was a greater proportion of married elderly individuals (p = 0.003), and elderly with income above three minimum wages (p = 0.020) with absence of osteoporosis. The results showed that women (OR = 4.45; 95%CI: 2.47-8.01) and the older adults who take more than two medications (OR = 1.67; 95%CI: 1.15-2.42) were more likely to present osteoporosis. Older adults who presented a history of falls are 47.0% more likely to present osteoporosis. It was concluded that sex, the amount of medications and the history of falls are associated with the prevalence of osteoporosis in the older adults.
Does oral care with chlorhexidine reduce ventilator-associated pneumonia in mechanically ventilated adults?
Authors: Jackson Laura , Owens Melissa
Published: June 2019

Oral colonisation by pathogens contributes to contracting ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). The aim of this review was to determine whether the use of the antiseptic chlorhexidine in the intra-oral cavity reduced its incidence in the critically ill, mechanically ventilated adult. The findings from this review led to the conclusion that chlorhexidine reduced the occurrence of VAP. Although a recommendation to implement the use of intra-oral chlorhexidine for mechanically-ventilated patients within critical care can be made, further exploration into required frequency and method of administration would be beneficial to reduce unnecessary exposure and hinder pathogenic resistance.
Barriers to nurses reporting errors and adverse events
Authors: Mansouri Seyedeh Fereshteh , Mohammadi Tahereh Khaleghdoost , Adib Masoomeh , Lili Ehsan Kazemnejad , Soodmand Mostafa
Published: June 2019

Aim:

this study aimed to assess nurses' views about major barriers to reporting errors and adverse events in intensive care units.

Method:

a descriptive analytical study was used to examine barriers to reporting such events. A questionnaire was completed by 251 nurses across seven hospitals in Iran to elicit information about their views on reporting errors and adverse events.

Results:

the study identified three main areas that prevented the reporting of incidents—fear of the consequences after reporting an error, procedural barriers and management barriers.

Conclusion:

the most important approach to overcoming barriers that prevent nurses reporting adverse events would be to develop an atmosphere within which all nurses can report errors and the reasons that led to their occurrence honestly and without fear.
Safety and learning reports: an invaluable resource for healthcare staff
Authors: Tingle John
Published: June 2019

John Tingle discusses the essential information provided by NHS Resolution publications on patient safety and legal claims against NHS services by both staff and patients
Using technology to redefine general practice
Authors: Shah Sam
Published: June 2019

Technology in general practice could help to improve access for patients and offer clinicians more time to focus on care delivery, but it needs to be safe, secure and designed around the user's needs, says Sam Shah
A positive approach to communications
Authors: Bensley Paul
Published: June 2019

GP practices need to develop unified practices to make the shift from a corner shop model to one that can compete for the attention of those attracted to online providers such as Babylon, argues Paul Bensley
Corn Emergence and Yield Response to Row-unit Depth and Downforce for Varying Field Conditions
Authors: Poncet Aurelie M. , Fulton John P. , McDonald Timothy P. , Knappenberger Thorsten , Shaw Joey N.
Published: June 2019

Abstract

. Optimum row-crop planter seeding depth performance is required to place seeds within proper soil conditions to ensure quick germination and maximize the likelihood of uniform emergence. Seeding depth is adjusted prior to planting by selecting a row-unit depth, followed by the adjustment of a row-unit downforce for proper seed-soil contact. Optimum row-unit depth and downforce settings required to maintain a consistent seeding depth are variable. The objective of this study was to evaluate corn ( L) emergence and yield response to row-unit depth and downforce in changing field conditions between sites and growing seasons. Corn was planted with a 6-row John Deere MaxEmerge Plus planter equipped with heavy duty downforce springs. The experiment was conducted in 2014 and 2015 in Central Alabama for non-irrigated corn. Two fields, three row-unit depths (4.4, 7.0, and 9.5 cm), and three row-unit downforce settings (0.0, 1.1, and 1.8 kN) were evaluated. Emergence was measured at 75 and 100 Growing Degree Days (GDDs). Yield was measured using a yield monitor installed on the combine harvester. Corn emergence was mainly affected by changes in weather conditions. Row-unit depth and downforce did not affect corn emergence in warmer weather conditions but the 4.4 cm row-unit depth resulted in more emergence than the other row-unit depth settings in cooler weather conditions. Yield ranged from 8,000 to 13,000 kg ha-1 across treatments and yield was mostly affected by changing growing conditions between fields and growing seasons. Plant population significantly varied with treatments, but lower plant populations did not always result in lower corn yields. These findings provided a better understanding of corn emergence and yield response to row-unit depth and downforce in varying field conditions. Keywords: Corn, Depth, Downforce, Emergence, Maize, Planter, Yield.
Simple Background Subtraction of Thermal Imagery for Canopy Temperature Measurement in Greenhouse
Authors: DeJonge Kendall C , Zhang Huihui  Huihui , Gleason Sean  M
Published: June 2019

Abstract. While infrared thermometry and thermal imagery have potential to detect crop water stress and quantify evapotranspiration, both valuable in irrigation scheduling, it is often difficult to isolate plant canopy temperature from background temperatures. In this study, we demonstrate a simple technique that uses a homogeneous background temperature that contrasts with canopy temperature, thereby allowing the canopy temperature itself to be isolated in a thermal image. Analysis of pixel temperatures and their associated statistics demonstrate the potential of this method to measure small (ca. < 0.5°C) and rapid (ca. < 1 s) fluctuations in leaf energy balance. This technique has broad applicability in greenhouse, growth chamber, and other small-scale experiments where real time response of individual leaves or canopies is required. Keywords: Thermal imaging, Crop water stress, Infrared thermometry, Background masking, Deficit irrigation, Greenhouse.
Variety Effects on Cotton Yield Monitor Calibration
Authors: Vories Earl D , Jones Andrea S , Meeks Calvin D , Stevens William E
Published: June 2019

Abstract.Cotton ( L.) producers were some of the earliest adopters of practices employing site-specific management. Yield monitors are an essential component of those precision agriculture methods. The agreement between measured cotton yields and those estimated with yield monitors must be improved to adequately advance precision agriculture, particularly the site-specific planting of multiple varieties. Six site-years of observations with two yield monitor systems were studied with the objective to compare yield monitor-estimated weights to observed weights in replicated cotton variety trials and investigate factors that could relate to any observed varietal effect. The results supported the findings of earlier research indicating that cotton yield monitor calibration is affected by variety. For the six site-years and three combinations of two site-years, correlations were sometimes observed between calibration errors and turnout or some of the High Volume Instrument (HVI) fiber quality measurements, but no factor was consistently correlated across multiple studies. In one study, none of the included factors was significantly correlated with calibration error, while the HVI properties reflectance (Rd) and leaf grade were both significantly correlated in three comparisons, which was more than any other factor. Data from additional site-years must be collected and analyzed and other factors investigated to find what variety-related properties affect yield monitor errors and to allow the determination of calibration adjustments based on those factors. Keywords: Cotton, Cotton picker, Harvest, Precision agriculture, Yield monitor.
Estimating Head Rice Yield of Long-Grain Rice using a Bending Force Instrument
Authors: Odek Zephania R. , Siebenmorgen Terry J.
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Head rice yield is an important index of rice quality. The official procedure for determining head rice yield requires a 1000-g sample of rough rice or a lesser sample of rough rice for a modified procedure. In certain situations, such amounts of rough rice may not be available for conducting an actual milling analysis; thus, there is a need to provide alternative methods of estimating head rice yield using a smaller sample. In this study, a PaddyCheck instrument was used to individually measure the three-point bending strength of approximately 250 rough rice kernels per sample. The instrument then classified the kernels as either “hard,” “soft,” or “broken by a force <17 N” (BBF). Additionally, each kernel was individually illuminated using polarized light as a means of estimating chalkiness. The kernel parameters measured using the PaddyCheck were then used to develop an equation for estimating head rice yield, based upon head rice yields determined using a modified milling procedure. The equation developed could be used in conjunction with the PaddyCheck instrument to provide estimates of head rice yield and thus, might allow the instrument to be more useful to practitioners in breeding programs and others involved in harvesting and drying operations to compare head rice yields of various samples/treatments, where the available rough rice sample or time is not sufficient to conduct an actual milling analysis. Keywords: Breaking force, Head rice yield, PaddyCheck, Rice milling, Rice quality, Rough rice.
The diversity of wood-boring beetles caught by different traps in northern forests of Iran
Authors: VARANDI H. BARIMANI , KALASHIAN M. , BARARI H. , TALESHI S. A. REZAEI
Published: June 2019

Varandi HB, Kalashian M, Barari H, Rezaei Taleshi SA. 2018. The diversity of wood-boring beetles caught by different traps in northern forests of Iran. Trop Drylands 2: 65-74. Efficacy of trap types is an important factor for sampling, faunistic survey, evaluation of the population density, seasonal dynamic and monitoring of wood-boring beetles. In the present research, the diversity of Wood-boring beetles (i.e., Buprestidae and Cerambycidae) was studied by using different types of trap (window trap, color pan trap, color sticky trap and Malaise trap) in northern forests of Iran (Mazandaran Province, Iran). Different types of traps employed in five study areas, collected a total of 3120 beetles belonging to 55 species (29 Buprestidae and 26 Cerambycidae). The majority of captured specimens were buprestid beetles (79.87%), while only one-fifth of the specimens were Cerambycidae (20.13%). All of the collected beetle specimens were identified to species's level. One genus (Agrilus spp) and the following five species were the dominant species: Acmaeodera rufoguttata Reitter, Anthaxia hyrcana Kiesenwatter et Kirsch, Anthaxia intermedia Obenberger, Chrysobothris affinis (Fabricius) and Stenoprerus rufus (Linnaeus).
The effect of vermiwash and vermicompost produced from leaves of Azadirachta indica and Citrus aurantifolia on the growth parameters of celery through hydroponic system
Authors: ANSARI ABDULLAH ADIL , RAGHUBEER HEERAWATTIE , JAIKISHUN SIRPAUL
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Ansari AA, Raghubeer H, Jaikishun S. 2019. The effect of vermiwash and vermicompost produced from leaves of Azadirachta indica and Citrus aurantifolia on the growth parameters of celery through hydroponic system. Trop Drylands 3: 11-16. This research was designed to determine the physico-chemical composition of vermiwash and vermicompost produced from neem (Azadirachta indica) and lime (Citrus aurantifolia) and their influence on the growth parameters on celery (Apium graveolens) through hydroponic system. Plants were treated with six treatments-A (nutrient solution for hydroponic systems), B (vermiwash and vermicompost made from T1), C-control (water), D (vermiwash and vermicompost made from T2), E (vermiwash and vermicompost made from T3). All treatments were replicated six times in a complete randomized block design (CRBD). Results indicated that vermiwash and vermicompost when used in combination can be substituted for chemical hydroponic solution used in hydroponic systems. T2 had a significant effect on celery plant where it produced plants with greater heights and stem diameter. Maximum amount of sodium was seen in plants treated with F. Plants treated with T1 had the highest number of leaves and branches. This research will further enhance the need for hydroponic agriculture as it has less detrimental effect on the environment and produces greater yield and better quality of crops.
Levels of anthocyanin, βeta carotene and antioxidant activity of functional biscuits flour of purple, yellow and white fleshed sweet potato
Authors: ABIDIN ZAINAL , JUTOMO LEWI , HARINI TITIK SRI
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Abidin Z, Jutomo L, Harini TS. 2019. Levels of anthocyanin, βeta carotene and antioxidant activity of functional biscuits flour of purple, yellow and white fleshed sweet potato. Trop Drylands 3: 22-28. This study aimed to determine the levels of anthocyanin, beta carotene and antioxidant activity of functional biscuit formulas based on flour of purple, yellow and white fleshed sweet potato from Sumba Barat Daya District, East Nusa Tenggara Province. The levels of anthocyanin, beta carotene and antioxidant activity were analyzed using UV-Visible Spectrophotometry. The results showed that the highest levels of biscuit anthocyanin (95.05 ppm) was found in 75% purple sweet potato flour + 25% wheat flour formula.  The highest beta carotene level of biscuit (10,190.44 µg/100 g) was found in 75% of yellow sweet potato flour + 25% flour formula.  In biscuit products, the highest antioxidant activity (61.57%) was found in the treatment of 75% purple sweet potato flour + 25% flour formula.
Various dosages of active powder of cassava improved sustainability of physical and chemical characteristics of Vertisol and Alfisol on dryland farming system
Authors: SOETEDJO IN P
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Soetedjo IP. 2019. Various dosages of active powder of cassava improved sustainability of physical and chemical characteristics of Vertisol and Alfisol on dryland farming system. Trop Drylands 3: 29-33. Vertisol and Alfisol are two kinds of dominant soil in dryland farming system of East Nusa Tenggara and other areas with similar ecological conditions. However, both soils generally have a low content of some nutrients such as N, P, K, C organic, and are dominated by clay, high water saturated, and prone to Al, Fe, and Mn poisonings. Some studies reported that improvement practices by application of inorganic and organic fertilizers increased soil compaction and soil microbiology dormancy. An innovation product called active powder may improve soil microbiology activity and physical characteristics of soil, which might then improve the availability of soil nutrients. Research had been done to know the effect of various dosages of active powder to enhance the physical and chemical characteristic of Vertisol and Alfisol in dryland farming system in Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara. The research was a factorial treatment designed laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design, and four replicates. The treatments employed were two types of soil (Vertisol and Alfisol) and various dosages of active powder (0, 100, 200, and 300 g ha-1). Parameters observed were subjected to ANOVA and was followed by a Least Significant Different Test at 0.05 level. Results of the research showed that dosage of active powder of 300 g ha-1 was able to improve number colony of soil bacteria, soil porosity, soil bulk density, total N, P availability, and K availability. Generally, the physical and chemical characteristic of Vertisol was better improved than Alfisol. The yield of mungbean was significantly affected by the dosage of the active powder of 200-300 g ha-1 in which yield of mungbean grown at Vertisol was higher than that at Alfisol.
FEIRA DE SANTANA E OS DESAFIOS PARA CONSTRUIR UMA CIDADE SUSTENTÁVEL
Authors: Silva Solange Maria Oliveira da
Published: June 2019

O presente artigo tem a finalidade de chamar a atençãopara os impactos gerados pela urbanização desorganizadada cidade de Feira de Santana (BA), em relação ao planejamentoe criação de bases para a construção de uma cidadesustentável. A metodologia utilizou-se de discussões teóricas,realização de entrevistas e observações in loco para a suafundamentação, o que auxiliou na melhor compreensãoda realidade e aperfeiçoamento do estudo. O objetivo principal deste artigo é analisar como a expansão urbana provocou transformações no espaço da cidade e influenciou o modo de vida da população. A degradação ambiental gera problemas sociais e afeta a qualidade de vida das pessoas. Políticas voltadas para o controle das implicações ambientais são necessárias para melhorias no espaço urbano de cidades que tem um histórico de crescimento pautado no interesse econômico, alheio aos interesses sociais e bemestar populacional. É desafiador pensar e agir com foco na questão ambiental, pois exige uma transformação da rotina nas cidades e mudanças de hábitos por parte dos moradores. A articulação entre os agentes formadores da sociedade é essencial para a construção de uma cidade sustentável.
Monoclinic Li2TiO3 Nano-particles via sol-gel method: Structure and impedance spectroscopy
Authors: Krimech Fatima Zahra , Sayouri Salaheddine , Lamcharfi Taj-Edine , Ahjyaje Fatima Zahra
Published: June 2019

Pure phase Li2TiO3 nano-particles were synthesized by the sol-gel method and the structural properties were examined with X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. The latter showed that these materials, heat treated at relatively low temperature 900°C during 4h compared to the conventional solid-state reaction which calcination temperature is about 900–1100°C for 10 h; crystallize in the monoclinic phase without the presence of secondary phases. The microstructure of the LT ceramic (sintered at 1100°C) were determined by SEM and a good crystalline nature was observed with an average of granular size 2 μm. Moreover, the impedance spectroscopy showed at a higher temperature of 500°C the low-frequency arc due either to the grain boundary or sample-electrode charge transport processes.
Parties, issues, and power: women’s partisan representation on German parliamentary committees
Authors: Coffé Hilde , Bolzendahl Catherine , Schnellecke Katia
Published: June 2019

This study examines the representation of women Members of Parliament on parliamentary committees in the German Bundestag since 1990. In line with theories on the social construction of gender, our descriptive analyses show that women Members of Parliament tend to be over-represented on committees handling issues such as health and family, and under-represented on committees handling issues such as foreign and legal affairs and defence. However, party differences in the over- and under-representation of women on certain committees occur. Gender segregation is strongest within the conservative parties, which also tend to have the lowest proportion of women, and weakest within the left-wing parties.
Annotator as Ordinary Reader: Accuracy, Relevance, and Editorial Method
Authors: Edson Michael
Published: June 2019

As the first annotated edition of Churchill’s poetry, William Tooke’s 1804 Poetical Works of Charles Churchill offers insight into the reading practices specific to eighteenth-century verse satire and beyond. Drawing information from widely-circulated periodical sources rather than the author-proximate documents favored by most annotators today, Tooke reveals the suspect modern assumption that satires held the same meanings for early readers as authors intended. Building on the reader-centered approach behind Tooke’s apparatus, this essay argues that the lingering intentionalist bent of modern explicatory editing distorts the information available to past readers, the identities ascribed to allusions, and the uses assigned to past texts. In Churchill’s case, such annotation obscures his links to the print-driven scandal culture of the 1760s, a culture in which identifying allusion displays one’s mastery of gossip. Ultimately, Tooke raises questions about the continued editorial allegiance to intentionalist ideas of accuracy and relevancy, questions that can be extended to the editing of texts from many genres and times. He implies that, while early scholarly apparatuses may not meet today’s standards, they nonetheless offer information about reading habits, insights often more historically accurate than what is gleaned from modern editions.
Le fonti del lessico teologico del De Mystica Theologia dello Pseudo-Dionigi Areopagita
Authors: Sassi Nicolò
Published: June 2019

What reveals the language of the Corpus Areopagiticum that we can use to determine its origin? Is it possible to detect specific words or lexical clusters which help situate the Sitz im Leben of the corpus within a specific theological school or movement? This study investigates these questions: through an analysis of pseudo-Dionysius' vocabulary and syntagmata it will trace the theological sources that shaped and nurtured pseudo-Dionysius' thought.
Vol 11.1-2 back matter
Authors: O'Sullivan Daniel
Published: June 2019

Back matter
Who should waste less? Food waste prevention and rebound effects in the context of theSustainable Development Goals
Authors: Hagedorn Wiebke , Wilts Henning
Published: June 2019

The issue of food waste prevention plays a role in global and national policies. Such prevention can reap economic and, in particular, environmental benefits. As our study shows, these environmental benefits are often lost due to indirect rebound effects. Income differences play a crucial role here.Addressing food waste prevention is one target of theSustainable Development Goals (SDGs)and a major task for theUN Environmental Programmeand the European Commission. It is promising in terms of its environmental saving potential. However, it also leads to consumers being able to save money, which they then are likely to spend, thus again causing a negative environmental impact. This dimension of the so-called indirect rebound effect, which prevents the desired ecological benefits from being achieved, is investigated in this paper. By using a single-region environmentally extended input-output model from a production perspective, the indirect rebound effects from food waste prevention in Germany are analysed. Any political action needs to consider not only a differentiation in income class, but also alternative concepts such as the principles of sufficiency in order to achieve all ecological benefits and specifically the third target ofSDG 12.
Rethinking gender: feminist perspectives on Sustainable Development Goals in the light of (re)productivity
Authors: Mölders Tanja
Published: June 2019

Gender equality is a Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) and at the same time is recognised as a cross-sectional perspective for all SDGs. Despite this commitment, the SDGs risk reinforcing a women-oriented sustainability discourse. First, there is a danger of feminising
environmental responsibility, which at the same time strengthens the assumption of a heteronormative normality. Second, feminist critiques of growth-oriented economic rationalities are categorically ignored.
Theories of change in sustainability science: Understanding how change happens
Authors: Oberlack Christoph , Breu Thomas , Giger Markus , Harari Nicole , Herweg Karl , Mathez-Stiefel Sarah-Lan , Messerli Peter , Moser Stephanie , Ott Cordula , Providoli Isabelle , Tribaldos Theresa , Zimmermann Anne , Schneider Flurina
Published: June 2019

Science-based initiatives generate particular changes towards sustainable development. But why and how does this work? Theories of change (ToCs) can help in understanding the theoretical assumptions and modes of knowledge production associated with these initiatives: ToCs trigger debate among the stakeholders and evaluators of an initiative regarding the hypothesized and observed effects of actions as well as regarding underlying assumptions about how change happens. Therefore, they can strengthen the effectiveness of research, practice, and education in sustainability science.
Pathways to urban sustainability: How science can contribute to sustainable development in cities
Authors: Bansard Jennifer S. , Hickmann Thomas , Kern Kristine
Published: June 2019

Pressing sustainability challenges reinvigorate calls for scientific actors to strengthen their profile as change agents. Focusing on the urban context, we point to four forms of science-policy-society interactions as key pathways to advance the sustainability transformation in cities.Recent
years have seen a considerable broadening of the ambitions in urban sustainability policy-making. With its Sustainable Development Goal (SDG)11 Making cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable, the 2030 Agenda stresses the critical role of cities
in achieving sustainable development. In the context of SDG17 on partnerships, emphasis is also placed on the role of researchers and other scientific actors as change agents in the sustainability transformation. Against this backdrop, this article sheds light on different pathways
through which science can contribute to urban sustainability. In particular, we discern four forms of science-policy-society interactions as key vectors: 1. sharing knowledge and providing scientific input to urban sustainability policy-making; 2. implementing transformative research projects;
3. contributing to local capacity building; and 4. self-governing towards sustainability. The pathways of influence are illustrated with empirical examples, and their interlinkages and limitations are discussed. We contend that there are numerous opportunities for actors from the field of
sustainability science to engage with political and societal actors to enhance sustainable development at the local level.
COGNITIVE INTERJECTION IN INDONESIAN AND JAPANESE
Authors: Shalika Mayang Putri , Mulyadi Mulyadi Mulyadi
Published: June 2019

Cognitive interjection conveys a message that is more oriented to cognition or thought, namely something that is known as information and becomes new knowledge. This type of Interjection is different from emotive interjection and volitive interjection. This study aims to reveal the form and meaning of cognitive interjection in Indonesian and Japanese. This research is a kind of qualitative descriptive research and at the data collection stage the method used is the refer method. Natural Semantic Metalanguage Theory (NSM) is used to identify and describe the form and meaning of cognitive interjection in both languages. The forms of cognitive interjection in Indonesian are: Aha, aah, wah, ooh, hmm, oopps, hah, well, well. In Japanese the forms of interjection are: Aa (あ あ), Yaa (や あ), Maa (ま あ), Aa (あ あ), Eeto (え え と), Ee (え え), Are (あ れ), Sora (そ ら). This study found groups of meanings for cognitive interjection, which were divided into interjection expressions of thought, interjection of expressions of difficulty, interjection of agreed expressions, interjection of expressions only knowing something, interjection of expressions of distrust, interjection of expressions of guilt, interjection of expressions recalled. Keywords: Cognitive Interjection, NSM (Natural Semantic Metalanguage), Cognition
A Reconsideration of the Dialectal Provenance of the Prick of Conscience in Oxford, St John’s College, 57
Authors: Carrillo-Linares María José , Williamson Keith
Published: June 2019

This paper is a linguistic study of the copy of the Prick of Conscience in Oxford, St John’s College, 57 (SJC). The principal aim is to determine the provenance of the text’s scribal language. SJC was made by a professional scribe, also responsible for copying other popular contemporary works. These include manuscripts of the prose Brut Chronicle, some of the stories of the Canterbury Tales and the unique Tale of Beryn in Alnwick Castle, Duke of Northumberland, 455, the source of the designation of this scribe as the ‘Beryn Scribe’. In LALME, only the language of the last-mentioned of this scribe’s productions was analysed, and localised to South Essex. It has been assumed that the Essex localisation of Alnwick Castle 455 is valid for all this scribe’s texts, including SJC, and that he was a ‘consistent translator’ into his own scribal dialect. Nevertheless, the language of SJC shows features whose distributions are not characteristic of Essex. The original Prick of Conscience was composed in Northern Middle English. The retention of a deal of Northern features in SJC casts doubt on the idea of its scribe as a ‘consistent translator’. The exemplar used by the SJC scribe is unknown and was not necessarily written in the same variety as the original. Still, some information about it can be gleaned by comparing SJC’s language with those of four other manuscripts to which it is closely related within the stemma of the Prick of Conscience.