bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tuberculosis epidemic in India – a systematic review
Authors:   Department of Anthropology, School of Human Sciences, Sikkim University, Sikkim, India, Deotale Pranay , Mondal Nitish ,   Department of Anthropology, School of Human Sciences, Sikkim University, Sikkim, India
Published: December 2023

Introduction and aim. India, accounting for approximately 26% of the global tuberculosis (TB) burden with a significant proportion of 0.11 million (6%) pediatric TB cases. The goal of this systematic review paper is to provide a thorough analysis of the TB epidemic in India, including information on the severity of the illness and challenges associated with diagnosis and treatment, the risk factors for transmission and progression of the disease, and the advancements and difficulties encountered in efforts to control at community level. Material and methods. The terms “Tuberculosis in India,” “Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis,” “Tuberculosis and Associated Co-morbidities,” “Diagnosis of Tuberculosis,” “Prevention of Tuberculosis,” and “Treatment of Tuberculosis’’, keywords were used to search in number of international electronic databases, including “Google Scholar,” “PubMed,” and “DOAJ.” Analysis of the literature. Diagnosis and treatment of TB are significantly complicated by co-morbid condition such includes alcoholism, diabetes, HIV, undernutrition, diabetes and HIV. In addition, there may be treatment delays, and the extra-pulmonary or drug-resistant TB due to ignorance, misunderstandings, and lack of education among TB patients, and medical professionals, which ultimately increases morbidity and mortality. Conclusion. Poverty, undernutrition, inadequate healthcare infrastructure, and co-morbidities, which frequently complicate TB diagnosis and treatment, must be addressed in addition to the critical need to prioritize TB research and development.
Ascorbic acid in cancer management – time for a second look
Authors:   Department of Haematology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Nigeria, Ogochukwu Izuegbuna
Published: December 2023

Introduction and aim. Over the past decades, the hypotheses that ascorbic acid (AA) can play a role as an anti-neoplastic therapy have generated many conflicting reports. Despite the controversies, mounting evidence has shown that AA has the potential to play a role as an anti-neoplastic agent. Recent studies have unraveled its pharmacokinetics and various mechanism of action on cancer cells. This has spawned different preclinical studies with reports of good activities against various cancers. Material and methods. A review of the literature regarding ascorbic acid in the management of cancer was performed using the PubMed database. The research was limited to abstracts and available full-text articles. Analysis of the literature. Clinical trials have also demonstrated its safety and tolerability across different dosages. AA has been noted as a multitargeting agent that acts as a pro-oxidative cytotoxic agent, anti-cancer epigenetic regulator and immune modulator. AA has also been shown act synergistically with standard chemotherapy regimens in different cancers. Despite its potentials, phase III clinical trials are seriously lacking. The recent phase III VITALITY study shows that AA may play a role as an adjunct targeted therapy for ras-mutated cancers. Therefore, there is need to for more standardized clinical trials to help identify cancer subtypes and AA combination regimens that can show the most benefits. In this review, the pleiotropic mechanism of action of AA was explored as well as various preclinical and clinical studies in cancer therapy. In addition, recommendations were also made for effective strategies towards an AA and standard cancer regimens in treatment as well as future directions. Ascorbic acid has been shown to induce cell death in various cancer types through different mechanisms of action. Several clinical trials and case reports have shown its efficacy in combination chemotherapy, and the pharmacological route of action can be either intravenous or oral. However, it can impair the actions of some drugs when given in combination. Also, dosage should be determined for maximal pharmacologic action. Conclusion. Ascorbic acid has the potential to provide safe and cost-effective antineoplastic treatment option especially in combination therapy. Its potential needs to be further investigated through clinical trials.
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in the treatment of HIV infection – comparison of “Berlin patient”, “London patient” and “Dusseldorf patient”
Authors:   Students’ Scientific Association at the Chair and Department of Epidemiology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland, Brzyska Anna , Bogucka Julia ,   Students’ Scientific Association at the Chair and Department of Epidemiology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland, Bojarska Małgorzata Kinga ,   Students’ Scientific Association at the Chair and Department of Epidemiology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland, Domańska Natalia Anna ,   Students’ Scientific Association at the Chair and Department of Epidemiology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland, Piecewicz-Szczęsna Halina ,   Chair and Department of Epidemiology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
Published: December 2023

Introduction and aim. Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 (HIV-1) remains one of the major issues in global public health. The standard therapy for HIV-1 positive patients includes using antiretroviral therapy (ART). These medications ensure suppression of viral replication but do not lead to a cure for the patient. The aim of this study was to present hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) as a malignant treatment method which led to cure for three HIV-1 positive patients. Material and methods. Literature available in April 2023 was searched by using the PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Articles were selected using the following words: HIV, AIDS, HSCT therapy, ART therapy. Analysis of the literature. In each case of these described HSCT, the donor of hematopoietic stem cells had a homozygous mutation in the HIV co-receptor CCR5 (CCR5Δ32/Δ32). This mutation leads to a permanent lack of the protein and prevents penetration of virus by using this receptor. After transplantation, all of these 3 patients remained virus-free despite discontinuation of ART therapy. Conclusion. More research is needed to reduce the risk of using HSCT and perhaps in the future be able to use this therapy in all HIV-infected people.
Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma: Demographics, Survival Analysis, Racial Disparities, and Genomic Landscape
Authors: Ullah Asad , Khan Yasinzai Abdul Qahar , Daino Naema , Tareen Bisma , Jogezai Zulfiqar Haider , Sadia Haleema , Jamil Nimra , Baloch Girahnaz , Karim Adil , Badini Kaleemullah , Wali Agha , Waheed Abdul , Khan Marjan , Asif Bina , Kakar Kaleemullah , Heneidi Saleh , Sidhwa Feroze , Karki Nabin R
Published: December 2023

Papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC) is the second most common histological subtype of renal cell cancer. This research aims to present a large database study highlighting the demographic, clinical, and pathological factors, racial disparities, prognosis, and survival of PRCC. The clinical and demographic data were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, and molecular data was cured from the Catalogue Of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC) database. PRCC had a median age of diagnosis at 64 years, with a higher incidence in men (77%), and Whites (68%). 70.3% of cases were Grades I–IV (13, 53, 31, and 3%, respectively). In patients with known data, 85% were localized to the kidney, and 84% of cases were 7 cm in size. No metastasis occurred in 97% of the known data. The most common treatment offered was surgical resection (9%). The 5-year overall survival was 79%, with patients undergoing surgery having a 90.6% 5-year survival. Multivariable analysis revealed age > 60 years, Black race, poor histologic differentiation, distant metastases, and tumor size > 10 cm as independent risk factors for mortality. The most common mutations identified from the COSMIC database were MET, KMT2D, KMT2C, ARID1A, and SPEN. PRCC affects male individuals in the sixth decade of life. Increased age, Black race, distant metastases, and tumors > 10 cm are associated with a worse prognosis. Surgical resection offers a favorable survival outcome. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) could identify potentially targetable alterations and future personalized therapeutic approaches.
EFICÁCIA DE 24 SEMANAS DE CAMINHADA COM RESTRIÇÃO DO FLUXO SANGUÍNEO NA ATIVAÇÃO E FORÇA MUSCULAR EM IDOSAS COM SOBREPESO E OSTEOPOROSE
Authors: Teixeira Bittar Dra. Simoni , Honorato dos Santos Heleodório , dos Santos Oliveira Leonardo , da Silva Leandro Leonardo , Miranda Machado Ruri , Candido Laurentino Gilberto , Cirilo-Sousa Maria Socorro
Published: December 2023

O presente estudo objetivou analisar o efeito de 24 semanas de TA com RFS na ativação e força muscular de idosas com excesso de peso e osteopenia/osteoporose. Trinta mulheres idosas [66 (5) anos] foram aleatoriamente designadas para uma das três intervenções: CAM (caminhada de intensidade moderada), CAM+RFS (caminhada de baixa intensidade com RFS) ou RFS (RFS sozinho). A ativação muscular (EMGS) e a força dos flexores e extensores do joelho foram mensuradas, respectivamente, por eletromiografia de superfície e dinamometria, pré-intervenção e após 12 e 24 semanas. O EMGs dos extensores do joelho e a força dos flexores do joelho aumentaram de forma semelhante em todas as intervenções em 24 semanas (p<0,05). Um tamanho de efeito moderado (ES, Cohen’s d) foi observado na EMGs dos extensores do joelho (ES= 0,65) para o CAM+RFS em comparação com o CAM. Os ESs para a força dos flexores do joelho foram −0,86 e −0,69, respectivamente para RFS e CAM+RFS em comparação com CAM.  Portanto, as intervenções baseadas no método de RFS apresentaram ganhos de força semelhantes, no entanto, mulheres idosas podem alcançar ganhos neuromusculares de longo prazo ao longo de 24 semanas.
CÍRCULOS DIALÓGICOS INVESTIGATIVO-FORMATIVOS COMO POSSIBILIDADE DE AUTO(TRANS)FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE E DO CONTEXTO PROFISSIONAL
Authors: Borges Rita de Cássia , Isaia Tatiane Peixoto , Lunardi Elisiane Machado
Published: December 2023

Este artigo faz parte da pesquisa do Mestrado Profissional do PPGE/UFSM. O estudo objetivou: (i) promover Círculos Dialógicos Investigativo-Formativos em uma EMEF, na perspectiva de processos auto(trans)formativos à Educação Infantil no Projeto Político-Pedagógico; (ii) elaborar, no decorrer dos Círculos, Elementos Orientadores para a [re]significação do PPP. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa (MINAYO, 2009) e análise documental. Realizou-se os Círculos Dialógicos (HENZ, 2015) e a hermenêutica filosófica (HERMANN, 2002) para interpretação dialógica. O referencial teórico está embasado nos marcos legais, em (IMBERNÓN, 2011), (FREIRE, 2021) entre outros. Como resultado foram criados os Elementos a partir da dialogicidade das coautoras: objetivos da EI; concepção de EI, criança, infância, inclusão e proposta pedagógica; organização dos tempos e espaços; avaliação e formação em contexto. Constatou-se que por meio dos Círculos Dialógicos ocorreu a auto(trans)formação docente.
INOVAÇÃO, CURRÍCULO E RESSIGNIFICAÇÃO
Authors: Rufino Luiz Gustavo Bonatto , Souza Neto Samuel de
Published: December 2023

O presente estudo objetivou analisar algumas das estratégias curriculares desenvolvidas por professores formadores em Educação Física de universidades tendo em vista o desenvolvimento da prática pedagógica nesse componente curricular na formação de professores. Para isso, entrevistou-se por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas sete professores formadores oriundos de Instituições de Ensino Superior públicas do Estado de São Paulo. Após transcritas, as entrevistas foram submetidas à análise de conteúdo. Os dados provenientes da categorização foram agrupados em duas categorias: 1) Estratégias formativas e possibilidades da formação à luz de práticas reflexivas (Pibid, formações continuadas, projetos de extensão; e, 2) Formação docente e inovação curricular: preparação para a realidade da prática profissional desafiante do “agir na urgência e decidir na incerteza”. Com base nos achados, conclui-se que embora existam iniciativas importantes no que tangencia o desenvolvimento de inovações curriculares nas práticas formativas no campo acadêmico da Educação Física, há ainda uma série de desafios estruturais que dificultam que a formação inicial possa solidificar processos que possibilitem aos novos professores atuarem de modo mais adequado nos contextos profissionais atuais tendo em vista as demandas e contingências que afetam o trabalho docente.
DISCIPLINA DE CIÊNCIAS NOS ANOS FINAIS DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: Deosti Leonardo , Neves Marcos Cesar Danhoni
Published: December 2023

O ensino de Física na Educação Básica tem sido longamente discutido na bibliografia recente e pretérita. Pesquisadores têm divulgado a evolução dos currículos escolares e discorrido sobre a forma que essa disciplina e seus conceitos foram incluídos na grade curricular ao longo dos anos. Recentemente pudemos observar novas alterações nesta organização, em detrimento da homologação da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) e a publicação de novos documentos orientadores para a elaboração dos currículos escolares. Assim, este trabalhou objetivou a comparação das orientações presentes nos documentos oficiais para a Educação Básica no que se refere ao ensino de conceitos físicos no âmbito do Ensino Fundamental II. Para tanto analisamos o documento que representa as antigas orientações do Estado do Paraná, as Diretrizes Curriculares Estaduais, e o novo documento, representado pelo Currículo da Rede Estadual Paranaense. A pesquisa classifica-se como um estudo documental qualitativo e revelou que houve um aumento dos conceitos físicos presentes no currículo de referência nos últimos anos, além de indicar que as estratégias de ensino permanecem, em sua maioria, as mesmas. Algo comum nos dois documentos é a indicação da contextualização do conhecimento como elemento essencial para o alcance dos objetivos de aprendizagem listados.
CRIANÇAS PRETAS ME CONVIDARAM A OUVI-LAS
Authors: Dias Daniela Coutinho Barreto , Barzano Marco Antonio Leandro
Published: December 2023

O artigo apresenta possibilidades de encantamento e reencantamento, partindo de vivências e conversas com crianças da pré-escola, que teve como um dos objetivos da pesquisa: apresentar como as crianças percebem os processos de construção da identidade e de uma autoimagem positiva a partir de livros de Literaturas Infantis Pretas que abordam valores civilizatórios afro-brasileiros e/ou princípios de cosmovisão africana. Nesse sentido, o estudo teve como base metodológica a abordagem qualitativa e, como estratégia de investigação, utilizamos o aporte da etnografia para contemplar a pesquisa com crianças, adotando os referenciais teóricos e metodológicos da Pretagogia e dos Valores Civilizatórios Afro-brasileiros. A pesquisa foi realizada em um Centro de Educação Infantil de Feira de Santana/BA. As crianças comentam as histórias, as imagens, as situações e relacionam com as suas vivências, se reconhecem através dos personagens; as histórias surgem também para romper como um distanciamento das crianças diante de outras culturas, apresentando a elas e valorizando outras formas de existir e produzir conhecimento.
TECNOLOGIAS DE COMUNICAÇÃO E EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Rabelo Cláudio Renato Zapalá , Nunes Kezia Rodrigues
Published: December 2023

A pesquisa realizada como parte do estágio pós-doutoral objetiva mapear as possibilidades de ampliação da educação em redes de saberesfazeres mediados por tecnologias comunicacionais. Usa o método cotidianista nas perspectivas de Certeau, Ferraço e Alves em consonância com a hermenêutica da complexidade de Morin, a fim de experimentar tecnologias em redes, como modos de promover a educação também em redes, assim como trazer de volta as aprendizagens geradas nessa tessitura social para a sala de aula. Concluímos que espaços de mediação como o podcast, o Tiktok, o Youtube, o Instagram, o Linkedin, os infográficos do Pinterest, o Whatsapp, assim como o livro impresso, as revistas, os museus, os jogos e os eventos acadêmicos são algumas, entre tantas, tecnologias capazes de atrair os olhares e os corações das pessoas para a educação, ao tempo que ressignificam as práticas cotidianas, produzindo diferenças sobre as repetições, muitas vezes (des)aprendidas nas rotinas pedagógicas.
PRÁTICASPOLÍTICASINCLUSIVAS NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL
Authors: Prates Maria Riziane Costa , Teixeira Marcia Marques , Stefenon Camila Junca
Published: December 2023

Apresenta problematizações a partir de práticas inclusivas no contexto educativo de um Centro Municipal de Educação Infantil da cidade da Serra no Estado do Espírito Santo, Brasil. Objetiva visibilizar e debater possibilidades de conversas por entre educação infantil, cuidado, realidade social, aprendizagem e bem estar das crianças; frente a um momento em que existe uma crescente ampliação do número de crianças chamadas, neste tempo, de atípicas. Investiga a partir de redes de conversações e as pesquisas com os cotidianos; modos de resistência como experimentação estética de viver as infâncias na sua mais alta potência no contexto escolar. Tece abordagens com as intercessões teóricas de Deleuze, Freire, Kohan, dentre outros que ajudam a tecer educação como invenção de mundos e resistência. Aposta em composições afetivas, a partir de uma escuta atenta e sensível às infâncias e aos contextos experimentados com os cotidianos escolares, na invenção de mundos possíveis que possam afirmar a vida e a aprendizagem como força, frente às vulnerabilidades sociais.
COTIDIANOS ESCOLARES, EXPERIMENTAÇÕES ESTÉTICAS, RESISTÊNCIA E PRODUÇÃO DE MUNDOS
Authors: Freitas Alexandre Simão de , Ferraço Carlos Eduardo , Salles Conceição Gislâne Nóbrega Lima de
Published: December 2023

O presente Dossiê objetiva apresentar pesquisas que têm como campo problemático diferentes processos de criação do aprenderensinar, destacando as experimentações estéticas que irrompem com os acontecimentos, com os encontros e com os fazeressaberes, em meio aos espaçostempos praticados nos múltiplos cotidianos das escolas. Trata-se de uma aposta ético-estético-política na potência das práticasteorias cotidianas que combatem determinismos, opressões, exclusões, entre outros tantos mecanismos de diminuição das vidas, produzindo, assim, outros sentidos de educação e de sociedade. Partimos da força da arte como um ato de resistência, como uma linguagem das sensações que nos força a pensar o mundo de outros modos e a experimentar outros possíveis de vida. Só com a arte podemos viver outros mundos que não o nosso. Como defendia Nietzsche, “temos a arte para não morrer da verdade”.
New Mesolithic Sites of the Lower Volga Region
Authors:   Nasledie Scientific and Production Institution, Grechkina Tatiana , Vybornov Alexander ,   Samara State University of Social Sciences and Education, Lebedev Yuriy ,   Nasledie Scientific and Production Institution
Published: December 2023

The paper publishes materials of the new Mesolithic sites in the Lower Volga region. The research relevance is due to the fact that this period is less studied than the others. The scientific novelty of the study is as follows: after a 30-year break in the Mesolithic studies of this territory, the materials of the 2021 study are presented. The purpose of the paper is to introduce the latest sources on such an important period into scientific circulation. The objectives of the study are to describe and classify the materials, to define the cultural affiliation and to establish their periodization. Methods. The sites of this era in this territory have not been studied since 1993. The sources for the paper are the materials of three new Mesolithic monuments. The Ukubai tract is located in the Krasnoyarsk district of the Astrakhan region. On the territory of the dune, three clusters of stone artifacts remote from each other were planigraphically identified. Neolithic and Eneolithic ceramics were missing. Planographic, typological, statistical and radiocarbon methods were applied. Analysis. The raw material for the tools manufacture was flint of a dark transparent, gray matte and yellow types. The lamellar flake flint-splitting technique was inherent for all three sites. Monuments differ in the number of finds, production waste and blanks, parameters of flakes, a set of tools, and geometric microliths types. Results. Raw material properties are characteristic of the Mesolithic complexes. The average stone age of the finds is also evidenced by the technical and typological features of the stone inventory. The obtained materials can be attributed to the Seroglazovka culture. Some of them belong to the Zhekolgan group and others to the Istay group. The features of the parameters gave an opportunity to pinpoint that the complexes belong to different times. Thus it was possible to highlight the monuments functional features.
Bronze Age Kurgan Kalinovsky II. Archaeological and Anthropological Study Perspectives
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Dyachenko Alexander , Pererva Evgeniy ,   Volgograd State University
Published: December 2023

The Paper presents publication and analysis of the burial materials from excavations of a detached kurgan Kalinovsky II located in the central part of the Volga-Don interfluve near the eastern outskirts of the Kalinovsky farm of the Frolovsky district of the Volgograd region. The kurgan under consideration is located on the southern Archeda steppe riverside terrace of the left confluent of the Medveditsa River belonging to the Don River basin. The excavations were carried out in 2022 by the expedition of the Volgograd State University. In the course of the excavations, it was found that the archeological site was a kurgan-cemetery which had functioned for a long time. It contained 20 burials of an extended chronological period from the Bronze Age to the Early Iron Age. This study examines burial complexes of the Bronze Age from archaeological and anthropological perspectives and is based on the materials from 12 burials. The main burial No. 14 can be attributed to the late stage of the Early Bronze Age within the boundaries of the first half of the 3rd millennium BC. The Middle Bronze Age is represented by 9 inlet burials belonging to the Middle Don Catacomb culture. Two burials No. 2 and 19, located in the lateral part of the kurgan mound, were made in the Late Bronze Age in 19th-18th centuries BC. The paleoanthropological study data have shown that this kurgan is to be considered as a family cemetery for a group of individuals (mainly children) belonging to the Middle Don Catacomb culture. The signs of deliberate artificial deformation in most of the children may indicate selectivity and belonging of this complex to a particular group with a special social status. In all probability, most of the children buried in the kurgan died as a result of stress caused by a long period of hunger, possibly in winter or early spring seasons. For adults, regardless of cultural affiliation, the typical diet was based on viscous food rich in proteins, as indicated by a specific pathological complex (absence of caries and abscesses, presence of tartar, periodontal disease and interproximal grooves). Exostosis of the external auditory canal was identified in a Pokrovsk time individual from burial 19 which might have been caused by his professional activity associated with a long stay in a cold wind or water environment.
To the Study of the Rural District of the Golden Horde City of Ukek: Archaeological and Archaeozoological Research Results of the Shiroky Buerak Settlement in 2021
Authors:   Institute of Archeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yavorskaya Liliya , Izotova Margarita ,   Povolzhsky Archaeological Center, Kubankina Olesya ,   Povolzhsky Archaeological Center
Published: December 2023

The paper presents the results of archaeological and archaeozoological study of the 2021excavation material from the Shiroky Buerak settlement which is a part of the Golden Horde city of Ukek. The purpose of the study is to reconstruct a part of the economic functions of this settlement in the life support system of a larger town. The excavations revealed three stratigraphic horizons, remains of several service amenities outbuildings and pits. The ceramic complex is mainly represented by fragments of local production vessels: unglazed red-clay, red-brown, and ancient Russian gray-clay. Fragments of tandoors, coatings, as well as the production of unglazed red clay ceramics were found. However, no special buildings were identified. Other finds include iron, bronze, bone items typical material culture of an “ordinary” rural settlement remains. The coins allow dating the monument to the early 14th century. The archaeozoological collection included 444 fragments of bone remains of mammals, birds, fish, and reptiles which is typical for the rural settlements of this area according to the taxonomic set. The remains of sturgeons found in the cultural layers testify to the specialized fishing industry of the Volga region. The collection is dominated by domestic ungulates bones, among which the remains of cattle are of the highest proportion up to 70%. The proportions of the remains of small ruminants and horses are close to each other 15%and 13% respectively, while about 1% is presented by pig bones. Beef decisively dominates in the meat consumption of the settlement making up to 81%, which suggests that specialized breeding of cattle was one of the important aspects of economic activity to the detriment of other types of domestic ungulates breeding. A comprehensive archaeological and archaeozoological study revealed that the studied monument – Shiroky Buerak is a rural-type settlement with finds typical of the Ukek district, according to its industries, ceramic complex, and the residents` economic activities. The hypothesis about the important role of such settlements in supplying cities with meat products and provision of animal skins for processing by urban artisans has been confirmed, since such industries were found previously in the Ukek excavations.
On the Anniversary of Valeriy M. Klepikov
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Dyachenko Alexander
Published: December 2023

To our good friend and colleague, famous Volgograd archaeologist, permanent member of the editorial board of the The Lower Volga Archaeological Bulletin Valery M. Klepikov turned 70 on August 5, 2023.
Exploration Studies at the Middle Paleolithic Sites of the Lower Volga River in 2023
Authors:   Institute for the History of Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Otcherednoy Aleksander , Ivanov Yaroslav ,   Institute for the History of Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Krivosheev Mikhail ,   Volgograd State University, Remizov Stanislav ,   Ethnographic and Architectural Museum-Preserve “Old Sarepta”
Published: December 2023

In 2023 the Lower Volga Paleolithic detachment of the IAET SB RAS as part of a Lower Volga Expedition organized by the IHMC RAS continued the study of the Middle Paleolithic site Sukhaya Mechetka located on the northern outskirts of Volgograd, and also carried out exploration work at the Middle Paleolithic sites Chelyuskinets II and Zaikino Pepelishche, located in the Pichuga gully, Dubovskiy district, Volgograd region. The results of the work in 2023 make it possible to plan the continuation of comprehensive studies of the cultural layer of the Sukhaya Mechetka site and to resume the study of the Middle Paleolithic site Chelyuskinets II.
Kurgan 28 of the Filippovka 1 Burial Ground: Revisiting the Dating Problem of the Complex
Authors:   State Research Institute for Restoration, Anikeeva Olga , Myshkin Vladimir ,   Samara State University of Social Sciences and Education
Published: December 2023

The papre is devoted to determining the date of the kurgan 28, Filippovka 1 burial ground, which is a necropolis of the social elite of the Southern Urals nomads in the middle of the 1st millennium BC. A burial partially destroyed by repeated robbery was found in the kurgan. At least six people were buried in the grave pit with a dromos entrance, covered with a structure of radially diverging logs. The features of the five individuals‘ bone remains location in the western part of the grave indicate their simultaneous or relatively simultaneous burial. Another burial was made in an underground passage leading from the outside of the kurgan mound to the grave pit. The accompanying grave goods were placed in the destroyed part of the grave near the buried individuals as well as in on the buried soil as a part of the sacrificial complex. They included weapons and parts of military ammunition (armor, daggers, arrows, a quiver hook, a lanyard pendant, a vorvorki), parts of a horse harness (bit, cheek-pieces, bridle plaques, pierced), as well as jewelry (earrings, bracelets, beads, sewn-on plaques), ritual objects (a bone spoon, a fragment of a stone altar) and household items. An analysis of the grave goods and a radiocarbon dating obtained by accelerator mass spectrometry method suggest that five people were buried in the western part of the grave in the middle or third quarter of the 4th century BC. However, the construction of the funerary structure and the placement of the dead in its eastern part could have begun earlier - in the period falling at the turn of the 5th-4th centuries BC - early 4th century BC.
Informative Capacity of the Sargat Culture’s Disturbed Burials: Kurgan Novopokrovka 16 in the Middle Irtysh River Basin
Authors:   Institute of History and Archaeology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sharapova Svetlana , Bachura Olga ,   Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Grachev Maxim ,   Omsk State Pedagogical University, Karapetian Marina ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Kiseleva Daria ,   Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosintsev Pavel ,   Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kostomarov Vladimir ,   Tyumen State University, Okuneva Tatyana ,   Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Shagalov Evgeny ,   Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yakimov Artem ,   Tumen Scientific Centre of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2023

The article deals with a complex study of the materials obtained during archaeological excavation of the kurgan Novopokrovka 16 in the middle Irtysh river basin (Omsk region). The site, which is attributed to the Sargat culture (5th century BC – second half of the 3rd century AD), was located farmost on the right bank of the river Irtysh, nearby the group of “Princely kurgans”. Despite almost total disturbance by robbers and agricultural activity, common scholars’ efforts demonstrate high informative capacity of the multidisciplinary approach, while modern level of undertaken research is not just being declared but enables to reconstruct seemingly lost information. The kurgan erection stages and mound structure features have been decoded using the results of a geophysical survey and soil morphology data. The paleoanthropological study of the incomplete skeletal remains does not support multiple or inlet interment inside the central grave, and provides sexing and aging of the buried individuals as well as some paleopathological observations. Apart from species examination, archaeozoological data testify that a warm period from spring to early autumn was the season of animal slaughter. Characteristics of mortuary rituals and direction of intercultural contacts of the ancient forest-steppe groups have been completed by new details based on the results of strontium isotope analyses (dental enamel of humans and animals) and evidence non-local origin of the individual buried under the excavated kurgan, what is different from local origin of horses butchered for funereal feasts. The proposed hypothesis supports previously suggested archaeological, paleoanthropological and paleogenetic facts on the origin of the forest-steppe population, indicating an involvement of various population groups with notable external components. Based on the archaeological materials, the kurgan under study might be dated back to mid-4th – 3rd centuries BC.
Paleoecological Conditions at the End of the Sarmatian Period and Their Impact on Herder and Farmer Communities from Eastern Europe and Western Siberia
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Krivosheev Mikhail , Borisov Alexandr ,   Institute of Physicochemical and Biological Problems of Soil Science of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2023

The paper make an attempt to consider the cultural and historical events marking the final stage of the Sarmatian epoch from the point of view of climate dynamics in Eastern Europe. It has been confirmed that the Late Sarmatian period in the Lower Volga region coincided with increasing climate humidity and was characterized by high precipitation during the cold season. This occurred in conditions of the Siberian High weakening, resulted to penetration of the Atlantic and Mediterranean cyclones into the inland regions of Eastern Europe and the western areas of Western Siberia. This led to high snow cover formation and provoked a series of other unfavorable factors that triggered migrations and population decline in nomadic or semi-nomadic societies whose economic basis was cattle herding. We suppose that this climate change scenario was not limited to the Lower Volga region. In the article we analyze paleoclimatic, cultural and historical events of the 3rd – 4th centuries AD which occured in the adjacent regions. We found that during this period the Sargat culture, whose economy was based on semi-nomadic cattle breeding, was declining in most of the forest-steppe east of the Urals. The population in the Southern Urals almost completely disappeared by the last decades 3rd century AD. The area of the Late Sarmatian culture from the Lower Volga region is reduced to the Astrakhan Right Bank of the Volga. Only the Lower Don and the Sal-Manych steppes remained inhabited, which is probably due to the regional resource base specifics. Therefore, in most part of Eastern Europe and the western regions of Western Siberia, the population was declining or disappearing long before the Huns invasion, and increase in climate humidity was among the contributing factors. At the same time, the humid climate of the 3rd – 4th centuries AD had a beneficial impact on the crop production. A high winter precipitation provided the flourish of agricultural societies.
Study of the Chemical and Pb Isotope Composition in Dirhams from the Podbolotyevo Cemetery
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saprykina Irina , Chugaev Andrey ,   Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy and Geochemistry Russian Academy of Sciences, Zelentsova Olga ,   Institute of Archaeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Bakirov Bulat ,   Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Kichanov Sergey ,   Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
Published: December 2023

A series of silver dirhams and their imitations, originating from the burials of the Podbolotyevo burial ground left by the Muroma tribe, was studied by XRF, neutron diffraction and analysis of the isotopic composition using the Pb-Pb method. The burial ground is located near the city of Murom, Vladimir Region of Russia. The collection obtained from the excavations of this site includes finds of 40 original Arabic silver coins and silver coin replicas. The analyzed sample consists of 34 coins and includes dirhams dating back to the 9th century BC which are replicas of the Abassid dirhams; and the main array of coins dates back to the first third of the 10th century and the second half of the 10th century. The chemical composition studies of the metal by X-ray diffraction method showed that high-grade, “yellow” and multicomponent silver were used for minting dirhams. It was found out that there is a sharp drop in the silver content in the dirhams dating back from the middle to the second half of the 10th century, which reflects the general trend in Arabic coinage. It is also noted that in the sample from the Podbolotyevo burial ground, dirhems coin replica coins were made of high-grade silver. Silver purity for some of the coins from the analyzed sample was checked by neutron diffraction using a specialized DN-6 diffractometer at the IBR-2 high-flux reactor. The isotopic composition of lead in silver in coins from the analyzed sample was studied by the method of multicollector mass spectrometry with ionization of matter in inductively coupled plasma (MC-ICP-MS). The obtained data on the isotopic composition of Pb in the silver of the coins showed that the precious metal for minting both Arab dirhams at the mints of ash-Shash, Samarkand, Bukhara, and their replicas comes from the deposits in Central Asia. It has been established that the Lashkerek and Ilak deposits turned out to be the source of silver for some dirhams from the Podbolotyevo burial ground, however, mixed silver from several deposits was mainly used.
A Case of Hypertrophic Osteoarthropathy (HOA) in a Female Burial from the Cathedral Hill Necropolis in Vyazma (Late 13th c. AD)
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Evteev Andrey , Tarasova Anna ,   Institute of Archaeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2023

The necropolis at the Cathedral Hill in Vyazma is mainly dated to the late 13th c. AD, and likely contains burials of the citizens of a high social status. A complete and well-preserved skeleton of a 35–40 year old female was excavated from Burial 15 of the necropolis. Almost all the bones of both upper and lower limbs were deformed due to excessive deposits of bone (periostitis) in the diaphyseal and metaphyseal areas. A combination of macroscopic and radiological – x-ray and microfocus computed tomography – has revealed that the lesions were likely manifestations of the Pierre-Marie-Bamberger syndrome, or secondary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy (HOA). This bone pathology accompanies some chronic diseases of the lungs and pleura (including benign and malignant tumors, tuberculous lesions, etc.), mediastinum and heart, and also, less frequently, other organs and systems. The exact disease that caused the observed bone lesions cannot be determined due to the absence of soft tissues. However, a detailed description of the skeletal manifestation of this pathology, in our opinion, can facilitate the detection and interpretation of periostitis of this type and localization in archeological remains of varying preservation and completeness. Noteworthy, this syndrome is, in 80% of clinical cases, associated with various lung diseases.
Assessing long-term symptoms in patients with post-pulmonary embolism syndrome using patientreported outcome measures
Authors: Diaconu N. , Sorici G. , Civirjic I. , Grosu A.
Published: December 2023

People who survive an episode of pulmonary embolism have an increased risk of developing chronic complications despite curative anticoagulant treatment. The association of dyspnoea, low functional capacity, right heart failure, chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension, or chronic thromboembolic pulmonary disease is part of the notion of post-pulmonary embolic syndrome (PPES). The symptoms can be limiting, substantially affecting the quality of life. To improve the overall health outcomes of patients with acute pulmonary embolism, adequate measures to diagnose it and strategies to prevent long-term outcomes of pulmonary embolism are essential.

The objective of this study is to provide a definition of PPES and review the most recommended patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for assessing the functionality of these patients.

We searched PubMed for papers from the last 5 years that contain the terms: postpulmonary embolism syndrome; symptoms; PROMs; score; quality of life; dyspnea. Repetitive publications were excluded. The data from the publications have been summarized in this descriptive overview.
Novel Russian guidelines for the assessment and modification of cardiovascular risk in non-cardiac surgery
Authors: Sumin A. N. , Belyalov F. I.
Published: December 2023

This year, new domestic recommendations for assessing and correcting the risk of cardiac complications during non-cardiac surgery have been published. These guidelines provide simple and practical key messages to facilitate decision-making in real-life clinical practice. The proposed algorithm for the management of patients before non-cardiac operations, focused on integral risk assessment, assessment of functional status and biomarkers. This review provides a summary of perioperative drug therapy, management of the most common CVDs, and focuses on specific care based on the risk of the patient's preexisting clinical conditions. Finally, the document includes practical recommendations for the management of postoperative complications, and also includes a new section on perioperative myocardial infarction/injury.
Analysis of outcomes in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction aged 90 years and older: a single center experience
Authors: Duplyakova P. D. , Pavlova T. V. , Duplyakov D. V.
Published: December 2023

Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of an invasive approach in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) aged 90 years and older.

Material and methods. This retrospective single-center study was conducted at the V. P. Polyakov Samara Regional Clinical Cardiology Dispensary. In 20132020, 104 patients aged 90 years and older were hospitalized with a diagnosis of STEMI. The mean age of patients was 91,7 years (90-100), while the proportion of women was 67,3%. Patients included in the analysis were divided into groups of conservative treatment (n=81, mean age, 91,9 (90-100) years, women 70,4%) and invasive management (coronary angiography + percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)) (n=23, mean age, 91,0 (90-94) years, women, 56,5%).

Results. The groups were comparable in basic characteristics. In-hospital mortality in the conservative strategy group was 48,1% vs 17,4% in the invasive management group (p=0,009; odds ratio (OR) 3,35; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1,23-9,15). During the first year after discharge, 25,9% (n=21) died in the conservative strategy group and 30,4% (n=7) in the invasive strategy group (p=0,79; OR 0,85; 95% CI 0,42-1,75). In total (during the hospitalization period and within 1 year after discharge), 60 people (74,1%) died in the conservative strategy group, while in the invasive treatment group — 11 (47,8%) (p=0,02; OR 3,11; 95% CI 1,19-8,11). Life expectancy in patients with STEMI aged 90 years and older after discharge from hospital was 83,95 days for the conservative strategy group and 103,85 days for the invasive strategy group (p=0,67).

Conclusion. The data obtained in our study support primary PCI as a treatment strategy for patients with STEMI aged 90 years and older.
50 Years After Wittgenstein’s Vienna. On Wittgenstein, Toulmin and Philosophy. Tomasz Zarębski in Conversation With Allan Janik
Authors: Zarębski Tomasz , Janik Allan
Published: December 2023

In this interview, Tomasz Zarębski speaks with Allan Janik, co-author of Wittgenstein’s Vienna (1973, with Stephen Toulmin), on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the publication of this pathbreaking book. The conversation concerns the circumstances, motivations and reasons for his undertaking the work on the book, as well as its reception and place in Wittgenstein scholarship. A large part of the discussion refers to his perspective of Wittgenstein, Toulmin’s philosophical writings, and Janik’s own vision of philosophy. The interview took place in Innsbruck on 23rd and 25th August 2023.
Metrics for Determining Hydrophytic Vegetation in Wetland Delineation: a Clarification on the Prevalence Index
Authors: De Steven Diane
Published: December 2023

A recent publication and an article in Wetland Science & Practice discuss two metrics for determining if vegetation is hydrophytic for purposes of U.S. wetland delineations, the Prevalence Index (PI) and a proposed Hydrophytic Cover Index (HCI). The PI is a weighted average of ordinal scores (1–5) for species in five wetland indicator categories (defined in Table 1). Scores of 1–3 represent hydrophyte species, and the associated rule is that PI values ≤ 3.0 represent a positive determination for hydrophytic vegetation.
Salinity Tolerance of Common Reed (Phragmites australis) at the Medouie Creek Restoration Site, Nantucket MA
Authors: Karberg Jennifer
Published: December 2023

I n 2008, the Nantucket Conservation Foundation (NCF) initiated a salt marsh restoration project at the Medouie Creek Wetland Complex, Nantucket, Massachusetts. This involved installing a box culvert under a restrictive dike road to reconnect tidal, saltwater hydrology throughout the marsh, in which the restricted portion had converted to freshwater conditions sometime in the 1930s.
Monitoring Indicators of Climate Change along Long Island Sound: A Simple Protocol for Collecting Baseline Data on Marsh Migration
Authors: Elphick Chris
Published: December 2023

The 2014 release of the Fifth Assessment Report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change makes clear that if we are to adapt to a changing climate we need a comprehensive monitoring system that will not only describe how conditions are changing, but also enable us to assess what the consequences of those changes will be. Coastal areas, in particular, warrant attention as sea-level rise and changes in storm intensity are likely to alter flooding patterns in ways that greatly affect both natural and built environments
Colorado Flooding Brings Flood Of Attention To Vital Regulatory Permitting Program
Authors: Williamson Eileen
Published: December 2023

In mid September, a wet monsoonal pattern stalled along the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains bringing heavy rains to the foothills west of Boulder. The resulting flooding impacted roads, bridges and other infrastructure, with rivers carving new channels and eroding riverbanks. Major roadways in the Estes Park area sustained severe damages with limited alternatives to access these areas for repairs.
Men of the Marshes: Paul L. Errington and H. Albert Hochbaum
Authors: van der Valk Arnold
Published: December 2023

Paul L. Errington (1902-1962) and H. Albert Hochbaum (1911-1988) were pioneering wildlife biologists whose research focused on muskrats and waterfowl, respectively. Their publications, especially their books, stressed the importance of wetlands as wildlife habitats. Errington spent his entire professional career at Iowa State University. Much of it studying muskrat population dynamics in prairie potholes. His work on the predation of muskrats and other species changed how predators were perceived from negative to positive for ecologists, hunters, and the general public. Hochbaum spent his entire professional career as the scientific director of the Delta Water Research Station in Canada. Because of his influential publications and those of the many graduate students at Delta whose research he watched over, Hochbaum built Delta into one of the premier waterfowl research institutions in the world. Errington’s and Hochbaum’s books influenced ecologists and the general public, especially those interested in wildlife conservation. They played a significant role in the development of wetland science by demonstrating the importance of wetlands as wildlife habitats and highlighting the urgent need for wetland conservation. Their advocacy contributed to the gradual shift in North American attitudes toward wetlands from negative to positive.