bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of the Chinese Industry Sector in Predicting Oil Price: Evidence from Information Geometric Causal Inference and GWO-ELM
Authors: Liang Jingyi , Jia Guo-Zhu
Published: May 2023

The COVID-19 outbreak and the implementation of peak and carbon neutral policies have severely impacted oil price volatility and the industrial sector. Exploring the impact mechanisms between oil prices and industries is particularly important for accurate forecasting of crude oil prices. As one of the world’s largest commodity consumers, China’s crude oil market is more representative and susceptible to external factors than that of developed countries. In this paper, we propose an analytical forecasting framework based on the causal effects between Shanghai crude oil prices and various industries in China to improve the forecasting accuracy of crude oil prices. Information geometric causal inference (IGCI) is applied to detect causal relationships between 31 different industries in China and Shanghai crude oil prices in the three time periods before, during and after COVID-19, and industries with strong causal information effects on crude oil prices in the long run are screened out as additional features. An oil price forecasting model based on Gray Wolf Optimization and Extreme Learning Machine (GWO-ELM) is proposed. Considering the small amount of data for Shanghai crude oil, this paper proposes a cross-learning data approach to solve the problem. Experimental results show that the GWO-ELM model outperforms RF, LSTM, GRU, and migration learning-based Tr-LSTM and Tr-Adaboost models in the task of Shanghai crude oil futures price prediction, and find that industry characteristics with long-term causal effects on oil prices can improve the model prediction accuracy. Our proposed analytical prediction can capture the oil price trend more accurately through the information of the industry and solve the problem of insufficient training data for the model. The application of this framework is expected to provide new methods and ideas for data mining of crude oil and other futures prices.
On the Fluctuation–Dissipation of the Oxide Trapped Charge in a MOSFET Operated Down to Deep Cryogenic Temperatures
Authors: Ghibaudo G.
Published: May 2023

In this paper, an analysis of the oxide trapped charge noise in a MOSFET operated down to deep cryogenic temperatures is proposed. To this end, a revisited derivation of the interface trap conductance [Formula: see text] and oxide trapped charge noise [Formula: see text] at the SiO2/Si MOS interface is conducted under very low temperature condition, where Fermi–Dirac statistics applies. A new relation between the oxide trapped charge noise [Formula: see text] and the interface trap conductance [Formula: see text] is established, showing the inadequacy of the Nyquist relation at very low temperature. Finally, a new formula for the oxide trapped charge 1/f noise, going beyond the classical Boltzmann expression, is developed in terms of oxide trap density and effective temperature accounting for degenerate statistics.
On the linearity of the syzygies of Hibi rings
Authors: Veer Dharm
Published: May 2023

In this paper, we prove necessary conditions for Hibi rings to satisfy Green–Lazarsfeld property [Formula: see text] for [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. We also show that if a Hibi ring satisfies property [Formula: see text], then it is a polynomial ring or it has a linear resolution. Therefore, it satisfies property [Formula: see text] for all [Formula: see text] as well. As a consequence, we characterize distributive lattices whose comparability graph is chordal in terms of the subposet of join-irreducibles of the distributive lattice. Moreover, we characterize complete intersection Hibi rings.
CLINICAL DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM (CDSS) FOR HEART DISEASE DIAGNOSIS AND PREDICTION BY MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHMS: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: ULLAH INAM , INAYAT TARIQ , ULLAH NAEEM , ALZAHRANI FARIS , KHAN MUHAMMAD IJAZ
Published: May 2023

Clinical decision support systems rooted in machine learning have grabbed much attention due to the use of huge datasets for performing analysis and accurate diagnosis of diseases. Our recent research contributed to the existence of research by having a complete assessment of decision support systems used within the clinical context to diagnose cardiovascular diseases. The researchers separately compiled and analyzed aspects related to clinical decision support systems (CDSS) for cardiac disorders. The primary intention of this systematic review is to point out and critically evaluate the Machine Learning (ML)-based PubMed, Clinical Trial.gov, and Cochrane libraries, an analysis of 400 different studies (1990 to 24 January 2021) is made in which 25 papers met the inclusion criterion. The technique incorporated here NVIVO 10 software gathers and analyzes data. Search filters such as “Machine Learning”, “Clinical decision support systems”, and “heart disease prediction” are used for heart diseases. The results were obtained within clinics in 55% of such investigations, whereas experimental setups were seen in 25% of the studies. The remaining 20% research did not report on the methodologies’ relevance and effectiveness in healthcare situations. The given findings point to CDSS ability to provide accurate interpretations and accurate visual peer representations. The key finding of this analysis report is that although CDSS might be employed in clinical settings it needs to be properly trained with non-ambiguous real-time clinical data. The creation of fuzzy complexes that can conclude on clinical deviations many of which are practical and imposed and tracked in real time is a major focus of future Machine Learning-based CDSS research.
GAIT MEASUREMENT METHODS: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND COMPARATIVE STUDIES
Authors: ADHAYE AMIT M. , JOLHE DHANANJAY A.
Published: May 2023

Gait analysis is one of the highly focused research areas inviting attention of academicians and practitioners. Being a prominent analytical tool to detect the abnormalities and onset of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), abundant literature is published in this area. Though a large number of gait analysis methods (GMSs) for motion analysis are available in the literature, very few studies are available to showcase the comparative analysis and applicability of various techniques. This study seeks to provide useful recapitulation of various gait measurement methods and interrogates the relative prevalence of various GMS based on the applications by various researchers. The paper summarizes the findings of a systematic review on gait measurement methods carried out using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) methodology. Fifty-three research papers published during 1998–2021 were included for critical review. The categories of gait measure ment systems were further compared based on certain criteria such as portability, cost, and accuracy, and ranked using analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The review helped to encapsulate various aspects of gait analysis, especially, the types of tasks, types of gait parameters (GPs), and the gait measurement systems adopted. The study provides suitable mappings between these factors and offers comparison between the gait measurement systems using a specially devised capability index. It further provides useful guidelines for selecting the gait systems based on the criteria.
AIRFLOW ANALYSIS OF HUMAN RESPIRATORY SYSTEM AT DIFFERENT PHYSIOLOGICAL CONDITIONS
Authors: BANERJEE SUBHAJIT , DUTTA ABHIJIT , CHATTOPADHYAY HIMADRI
Published: May 2023

In this paper, an attempt has been made to analyze the effect of different physiological conditions i.e., rest, moderate and extremely active on the branch Reynolds number, pressure drop, lost work, alveolar partial O2 pressure, airway resistance and surface tension. From the analysis, it has been observed that local Reynolds number and tracheal pressure drop along with the generations of branch. The alveolar O2 pressure and surface tension decrease with the increased activity level. Work lost due to different major and minor losses in the respiratory tract increases with the increase in activity level. A similar trend was also found for the airway resistance i.e., increases with the increase in activity level. A new parameter, Breathing Work Number (BWN) in respiratory mechanics is introduced. BWN is the ratio of the work of breathing to the sum of work of breathing and work loss, which might find a significant application to denote the respiratory health. From the analysis, it is found that BWN decreases with the increase in activity level.
A NOVEL MULTIFRACTAL-BASED METHOD FOR PREDICTION OF SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH BY DIFFERENTIATING CARDIAC SIGNALS IN TWO ABNORMAL HEART CONDITIONS
Authors: DOROSTGHOL ALI , MAGHSOUDPOUR ADEL , GHAFFARI ALI , NIKKHAH-BAHRAMI MANSOUR
Published: May 2023

Many of the used features in sudden cardiac death (SCD) classification algorithms are based on features present in the autonomic system. However, changes in the autonomic system occur in both SCD subjects and patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). Therefore, many overlaps are observed in the features extracted from the cardiac signals of these two groups. To solve this challenge, this paper studies the changes in the multifractal dimension in patients with SCD and compares it with the subjects with CHF using the heart rate variability (HRV) signal processing. For this purpose, HRV signals are initially extracted, and their four sub-signals are determined using the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) method. Afterward, the instant amplitude of each sub-signal obtained in the previous step is calculated using the Teager energy method; thus, new signals are generated through the utilization of these instant amplitudes. Subsequently, modifications in each new signal’s fractal dimensions are obtained using the multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis (MF-DFA) method. The appropriate features are selected using the t-test method and are applied to the support vector machine algorithm as input data. The proposed algorithm can differentiate the signal of SCD subjects with an average accuracy of 84.08% in 26[Formula: see text]min prior to the event.
ENTROPY PARAMETER OF CARDIAC DEGREE SEVERITY ANALYSIS
Authors: IMANE DEBBAL , LOTFI HAMZA CHERIF , HOUDA BAAKEK YETTOU NOUR EL
Published: May 2023

The phonocardiogram (PCG) signal is sometimes affected by added parameters that reflect the presence of a specific pathology. The intensity or the energy of the signal is one of the most reliable parameters when studying cardiac severity. Yet, in a pathological electrophysiological and audio signal, the severity information does not fully remain in the intensity or energy, but in other variables. In this paper, we will discuss the ability of a time-frequency parameter to discriminate, separate, and monitor the pathological cardiac severity levels. We studied 14 PCG signal from eight pathologies, six of them contain clicks (reduce murmurs), and eight murmur PCG signals with four different cardiac severity levels. We then calculated the entropy of approximation coefficients (EAC) from a discrete wavelet transform (DWT) analysis, to differentiate the PCG signals with clicks from those with murmurs and to assess the cardiac severity evolution. Since the entropy EAC is also related to the signal’s intensity (energy), we compared it to the energetic ratio (ER) evolution, a parameter widely used for PCG signals discrimination and classification, which revealed that the EAC provied better results for the paper' purposes.
COMPUTATIONAL FLUID–STRUCTURE INTERACTION SIMULATION OF HEMODYNAMICS OF ARTERIOVENOUS FISTULA
Authors: SHEMBEKAR SURAJ , ZODPE DHANANJAY , PADOLE PRAMOD
Published: May 2023

The objective of this study is to show how important a compliant wall technique is in simulating non-Newtonian and pulsatile blood flows in arteriovenous fistula (AVF). The three-dimensional idealized geometry is used to investigate the local hemodynamics in the end-to-side, radio-cephalic AVF using computational fluid-stricture interaction (FSI) simulation. The third-order Yeoh law is used to model the behavior of the hyperelatic vessel walls. Hemodynamic parameters such as velocity, wall shear stress (WSS), oscillatory shear index (OSI), vorticity, and venous outflow rate are calculated. The results extracted for WSS on comparison of rigid and compliance wall, rigid wall WSS are 45–48.5% larger values than the compliance wall. The difference between compliance wall and rigid wall OSI is 11.5% and the rigid wall is a 10.86% decrease in compliance wall. The difference between the rigid wall AVF vorticity and the compliance wall vorticity is 18.34%, and the vorticity in the compliance wall is a 20.2% increase over the rigid wall. Maximum principle stress occurs at anastomosis (1335[Formula: see text]Pa) and 507[Formula: see text]Pa, 93[Formula: see text]Pa on vein and artery, respectively. Finally, we conclude that the artery bed and heel of AVF are prone areas of Intimal Hyperplasia. The structural result shows the tendency of the inflammation pattern of the vein required for AVF maturation. ANSYS is a highly effective commercial tool for modeling real-world problems and performing multi-physics numerical simulations.
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT SODIUM ALGINATE COMPOSITIONS ON 3D MICROCAPSULE STRUCTURE AND CELL VIABILITY
Authors: KARABIYIK ACAR ÖZGE , NOZHATZADEH G. DELAL , TUNCER A. ALPEREN , TORUN KÖSE GAMZE , AYSAN ERHAN
Published: May 2023

Despite the constant expansion of the global alginate market and the emergence of a plethora of new brands to meet the rising demand, the literature remains insufficient for the selection and preparation of optimized microcapsules. In this study, the cell transplantation potentials of two commercial alginate brands (Sigma and FMC Biopolymers-PRONATAL) with different M/G ratios were compared in vitro. Different brands of alginates were crosslinked with increasing concentrations of calcium chloride (1.5%, 2%, and 3%[Formula: see text]w/v). Utilizing size/dimension measurements, compression, swelling, and degradation tests, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and bright field (BF) imaging, the intrastructure of each experimental group was investigated. Moreover, the cell viability of HDF-encapsulated Ca-alginate microcapsules was evaluated. According to SEM and compression analysis, PROTANAL KF200 with a lower M/G ratio was found to be more rigid and robust. Due to the different proportions of MM and GG blocks, Sigma Ca-alginate microcapsules exhibited greater flexibility but lower hardness than PRONATAL KF200 microcapsules. However, there was no significant difference in cell viability between the alginate microcapsules. In future in vivo experiments, encouraging cell transplantation outcomes could be monitored by the choice of PROTANAL KF200 sodium alginate polymer for the microcapsule preparation.
BRAIN TUMOR SEGMENTATION AND CLASSIFICATION USING OPTIMIZED U-NET
Authors: SHINY K. V.
Published: May 2023

In the brain, the abnormal growth of cells or solid intracranial neoplasm is known as brain tumor, which is one of the world’s most tedious diseases. Hence, there is a need for segmentation and classification of the brain tumor accurately. It is difficult to separate the tumor tissues and other tissues from the brain. The major aim of this research is to use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) segment and classify the brain tumor and all the abnormalities in the brain. The MRI is initially fed into the pre-processing system and then it is segmented using the region-growing segmentation algorithm in the pre-operative MRI. It produces the segmented area and it is forwarded for classification. In the classification step, the Honey Badger Algorithm (HBA) is applied to train the U-Net classifier. The tumor tissues and the different types of tissues or abnormalities in brain tumors are classified by this algorithm. Overall, the post-operative and pre-operative MRI brain tumor segmentation and classification consist of the same steps. To find out the pixel changes, both the segmented output of pre-operative and post-operative MRI was compared. It helps in finding the emerging tumor after surgery and the success rate of surgery. Based on pre-operative MRI, the implemented scheme has maximum specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy of 0.977, 0.968, and 0.949.
RESEARCH ON HUMAN–ROBOT PHYSICAL INTERACTION CONTROL BASED ON ADAPTIVE IMPEDANCE CONTROL
Authors: SUN QING , GUO SHUAI , ZHANG LEIGANG , FEI SIXIAN
Published: May 2023

An adaptive impedance control method based on dexterity for compliant interaction is proposed for the problem of compliance and motion performance of the human’s healthy side interacting with the manipulator in bilateral mirror rehabilitation motion-assisted training, and constructs a local virtual force field to hinder the movement of the manipulator to the low motion performance region, thus improving the motion performance of the manipulator. Firstly, the dynamic model of the manipulator and the human–robot interaction model based on impedance control are established. Then, a dexterity index based on the condition number is established, and an adaptive impedance control method based on the dexterity is proposed to construct a local virtual force field to hinder the movement of the manipulator to the low motion performance region. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by experiments. The results have shown that the adaptive impedance control method based on dexterity can construct a local virtual force field, which can constrain the motion of the manipulator and keep the robot with good motion performance. It also laid the foundation for the training strategy of bilateral mirror rehabilitation.
A Novel Methodology for Welding Joint in Complex Structures: 2-Piece Coplanar Cruci-Trap Welded Joint
Authors: Patel Ashvin D. , Shah Pratik
Published: May 2023

Due to continuously varying loads, Cruciform welded joints suffer fatigue. Limitations of the conventional 3-piece cruciform fillet welded joint (CFWJ), used to construct all present, metallic complex structures, are uprooted here. A broad literature survey and physical examination of many welded structures are carried out to find a research gap from the exploration available on CFWJ. How the use of this CFWJ is questionable for suitability and prone to structural failure is shown. To overcome the limitations of CFWJ, a novel 2-piece coplanar Cruci-Trap Welded Joint (CTWJ) is developed especially for complex welded structures subjected to a fluctuating loading. A novel groove shape is formed in base metal. CTWJ increases the overall load-carrying capacity of the structure in all nature. This paper also points to the possibility of fatigue failure of cruciform welded joints and the various methods for fatigue life assessment of welded structures. As a result, the proposed novel CTWJ promotes 28.5% more ultimate tensile strength and 25.5% more elongation than the conventional CFWJ method.
An efficient framework for quantum video and video editing
Authors: Wei Zhanhong , Sun Wentao , Zhu Shangchao , Han Mengdi , Yin Huijuan
Published: May 2023

This paper proposes an Efficient Framework for Quantum Video (EFQV) in quantum computer. EFQV adds time index information into different frames on BRQI (a Quantum Image Representation based on Bitplanes, BRQI) images, and each bitplanes quantum image adds a time index. Complement of Colors (COC) operator, Reverse of Bitplanes (ROB) operator, and Shift of Frames (SOF) operator are designed for EFQV and its operators are tested on the IBM quantum computation framework qiskit. Experimental results show the effectiveness of EFQV and its operations on quantum computing environment. Compared with other frameworks, EFQV has advantages in time complexity and quantum cost.
An Improved Radial Basis Function Neuron Network Based on the l1 Regularization
Authors: Kang Yunling , Liu Manxi , You Guoqiao , Liu Guidong
Published: May 2023

The radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) is a widely used tool for interpolation and prediction problems. In this paper, we propose to improve the traditional RBFNN by automatically identifying core neurons in the hidden layer, based on the [Formula: see text] regularization. Our proposed approach will greatly reduce the number of neurons required, which will save the memory and also the computational cost. To determine the radial parameter [Formula: see text] in the RBFs, we propose to use the [Formula: see text]-fold cross-validation method. Moreover, the principal component analysis (PCA) method is used to reconstruct the distance between samples for high-dimensional data sets. Numerical experiments are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Early Expansion of the User Base for Mobile Applications: Evidence from the US Apple App Store
Authors: Wang Shujun
Published: May 2023

Mobile applications (apps) have grown drastically since their birth in 2008. Acquiring more app users as quickly as possible after the app is released in the app stores is one of the key rules for app developers to survive in this emerging and competitive digital market. This paper uses cumulative weekly downloading data from the US Apple App Store during a two-year period of 2015 and 2016 to study the early expansion curves and diffusion patterns of mobile apps in the app market. Downloading payment methods (free or paid to download an app) and hedonic or utilitarian value-orientated app types (games and productivity apps) are considered when we study the diffusion pattern of mobile apps. The Bass model is used as the baseline model, and the logistic model and Gompertz model are used to conduct a robustness check. Nonlinear least squares (NLS) is the measurement to obtain parameters of diffusion models. The results show that the Bass model is the best-fitting model compared with the other two models, and the diffusion pattern of mobile apps is S-shaped at the market level. The first 35 weeks are essential for the app developers to attract app users’ downloads. More app data from different app stores and more diffusion models can be tested for mobile app diffusion and early expansion patterns in future research.
Business Model Innovation: The Role of Industry Evolution and Competitive Pressure
Authors: Shahri Masoumeh Hosseinzadeh , Rahimi Sepideh Kashani , Nazargholi Parisa Mansouri
Published: May 2023

Nowadays, the concept of business model is considered as a competitive advantage because of its impact on the challenges that companies face in a changing environment. Industry structure and competitive pressures are some of the external factors that play an important role in the evolution of business model innovation and determine the company’s performance. Previous research shows different results about the relationship between competition and innovation, so some researchers describe a negative relationship and others a positive relationship between these two variables. This study aims to investigate how industry evolution and competitive pressure affect the innovation intensity of a business model. Manufacturers from the pharmaceutical and food industries were selected to investigate the hypothesis. The research model was tested using structural equation modeling and partial least squares (PLS) method. The results show that innovation intensity differs among industries that undergo different evolution. Moreover, the results have shown a positive relationship between competitive pressure and innovation intensity.
Exploring the Determinants of Successful IoT Adoption: The Case of German Manufacturing
Authors: Zhuankhan Aigerim , Renken Jaco
Published: May 2023

In this study, we explore the factors influencing the successful IoT adoption. Based on the technology–organization–environment (TOE) theory and literature analysis, 14 propositions were formulated, and their validity was explored through three cases in the German manufacturing sector. The research shows that successful IoT adoption involves more than just introducing new technology; it requires organizational changes that create customer value through IoT solutions. Companies should anchor IoT adoption in their digitalization strategy and develop service-based business models before addressing technological aspects. A hybrid IoT adoption model, comprising organizational and technological factors, assists practitioners in preparing for IoT initiatives.
Network Position and Firms’ Exploration Strategies: A Study of Two Regional Industry Clusters in Norway
Authors: Lin Yi , Aarstad Jarle , Rokkan Aksel I.
Published: May 2023

Management research has examined environmental and organizational antecedents for firms’ exploration. We complement this research by applying a network perspective to explain how firms adjust exploration strategies based on their interorganizational network positions. We particularly focus on two network constructs, closeness centrality and local cohesion. Closeness centrality captures a firm’s independent access to network knowledge and resources, and local cohesion reveals the connections between a focal firm’s associates. Combining network and survey data for 64 firms in two Norwegian regional industry clusters reveals exploration strategies’ association with network position. The positive effect of local cohesion is stronger than closeness centrality’s. Our findings indicate that network drivers act as antecedents of exploration.
Business Model Innovation in Manufacturing Firms: Exploring the Driving Forces of Digital Transformation
Authors: Mies Yannick A. , Hausberg J. Piet
Published: May 2023

The adoption of digital technology has become a critical factor in the context of innovation management. The process of digital transformation leads to the realization of concrete business improvements that promote the innovation of entire business models. So far, it has remained unexplored what drives this business model innovation, especially when looking at digitally savvy firms from the manufacturing industry. This study aims to identify the key drivers of digital transformation of business models based on a systematic literature review. A four-step review approach draws on the findings from a core sample of 51 articles from two databases and results in the description of four key drivers for digital transformation of business models, namely ubiquitous connectivity, functional dematerialization, relational decentralization, and flexible scalability. Finally, a conceptual framework of four digital business model archetypes (lighthouse supplier, service enthusiast, data scientist, and platform owner) is proposed that considers a manufacturing firm’s business model exposure to the identified digital transformation drivers. While this study is limited to theoretical findings, it likewise provokes valuable follow-up thoughts for empirical academic work and practitioners from the manufacturing industries.
Intention to Use Blockchain Technologies: Evidence from Two Regions — ASEAN and Middle-East
Authors: Lai P. C. , Toh Evelyn B. H. , Polas M. R. H. , Tabash M. I.
Published: May 2023

This study presents an empirically well-versed picture of the intention to use blockchain technologies. Empirical evidence from two different regions — ASEAN and Middle-East (ME) — reveals factors that lead managers to use blockchain technology. Samples of 268 and 224 from two response groups were collected using a Likert-based questionnaire. The proposed model was tested using structural equation modeling with SmartPLS 3.2.9. Results confirm that the design of platforms has positive and significant relationships with consumers’ intention to use blockchain technologies. Furthermore, positive and significant relationships were also found between perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use with consumers’ intention to use blockchain technologies. Our results also indicate that perceived ease of use had a positive and significant effect on perceived usefulness. So far, there is limited standard relationship found between perceived ease of use and consumers’ intention to use blockchain technologies in the data from the ASEAN region. This study contributes to the evidence-based view on the effect of intention to use blockchain technology, on the roles of design, perceived ease of use, and perceived usefulness through proposing a novel framework. It adds to the field of technology acceptance studies by providing fresh insights among managers. The paper also emphasizes practical implications for business leaders who wish to capitalize on BT’s advantages in the industry.
Comparison of energy conditions in general relativity and modified theories of gravity
Authors: Rizwana Kausar H. , Majid Amal , Jameel Hafsa
Published: May 2023

To make a comparison of energy conditions in the theory of general relativity and in the modified theories, we have considered [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] theories (where [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are the Ricci scalar and trace of the energy–momentum tensor, respectively, while [Formula: see text]) to test the validity of all the four energy conditions. These energy conditions had been derived to check the viability of cosmological as well as astrophysical models. In this paper, we consider the standard Friedmann–Robertson–Walker spacetime representing the homogeneous and isotropic universe, and investigate the available literature on testing energy conditions as well as calculate these conditions ourselves. In order to provide the comparative results, we test these conditions analytically as well as graphically and present how energy bounds in modified theories depend on the values of the involved parameters and its validity within certain limits. We discuss here, that which of the modified theories comply with certain energy conditions, and hence provide a supporting argument on the existence of modified theories.
Generalization of Soft Topological Polygroups
Authors: Mousarezaei R. , Davvaz B.
Published: May 2023

In this paper, we first present two different definitions for soft topological polygroups and mention some examples and important theorems related to them. Then a generalization of these two definitions is given. This generalization is such that it returns to the same two previous definitions in certain cases. In fact, we show with an example how the generalization returns to the first definition and how to the second definition.
Self-Assembling Ultrathin MXene/Cellulose Nanofiber/MXene Composite Film for High-Performance Electromagnetic Interference Shielding
Authors: Li Jun , Xu Lihui , Pan Hong , Wang Liming , Shen Yong
Published: May 2023

Ti3C2T[Formula: see text] MXene films exhibited good electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performance. However, the poor mechanical property and durability of Ti3C2T[Formula: see text] MXene films limited their commercial application. Herein, the ultrathin flexible conductive MXene/cellulose nanofiber (CNF)/MXene composite films with “sandwich” structure were successfully prepared by a simple vacuum-assisted filtration process. The addition of CNF can shield more electromagnetic microwaves (EMWs) via multiple reflections in the inner space and enhance the mechanical property of composite films by effectively welding the loosely MXene together. The composite film exhibited excellent EMI shielding effectiveness (up to 54.68 dB) at an ultrathin thickness (about 76 [Formula: see text]m) as well as high electrical conductivity (up to 1610.51 S/m), which was mainly attributed to the hierarchical lamellar “sandwich” structure, where CNF was bonded to Ti3C2T[Formula: see text] MXene. The prepared flexible conductive composite films with brilliant EMI shielding effectiveness and good mechanical property possessed promising potential in various fields such as electromagnetic wave protection, weaponry and wearable electronics.
Traveling wave solutions in a nonlocal dispersal SIR epidemic model with nonlocal time-delay and general nonlinear incidences
Authors: Wu Weixin , Zhang Wenhui
Published: May 2023

This paper investigates a nonlocal dispersal epidemic model under the multiple nonlocal distributed delays and nonlinear incidence effects. First, the minimal wave speed [Formula: see text] and the basic reproduction number [Formula: see text] are defined, which determine the existence of traveling wave solutions. Second, with the help of the upper and lower solutions, Schauder’s fixed point theorem, and limiting techniques, the traveling waves satisfying some asymptotic boundary conditions are discussed. Specifically, when [Formula: see text], for every speed [Formula: see text] there exists a traveling wave solution satisfying the boundary conditions, and there is no such traveling wave solution for any [Formula: see text] when [Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text] when [Formula: see text]. Finally, we analyze the effects of nonlocal time delay on the minimum wave speed.
Oscillatory solutions in a 3D predation system with time delay and age structure
Authors: Yang Peng
Published: May 2023

This paper is concerned with the sustained periodic oscillation phenomenon in a three-species delayed predation system with Holling type II functional response and age structure in top predator. The top predator fertility function is regarded as a piecewise continuous smooth function with regard to their maturation period [Formula: see text]. The complicated dynamic behavior is proved by integrated semigroup theory and Hopf bifurcation theorem for semilinear equations with non-dense domain. Through qualitative analysis and bifurcation study of the system, we yield that this system has a nontrivial periodic solution that bifurcates from the positive equilibrium age distribution when bifurcation parameter [Formula: see text] passes through some critical values. Numerical simulations are also provided to illustrate theoretically analytical results.
Global dynamics of a tumor-immune model with an immune checkpoint inhibitor
Authors: He Fangfang , zhu Huiyan , Lin Jinzhang , Ou Yingchen
Published: May 2023

In this paper, a mathematical ordinary differential tumor-immune model is proposed based on an immune checkpoint inhibitor, which is an innovative method for tumor immunotherapies. Two important factors in tumor-immune response are the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and its ligand PD-L1. The model consists of three populations: tumor cells, activated T cells and anti-PD-1. By analyzing the dynamics of the model, it is found that there is always a unique tumor-free equilibrium and at most two tumor interior equilibria. The nonexistence of nontrivial positive periodic orbits is established by using the new Dulac function, and then a global dynamics of the model is obtained. The conclusions of our analysis show that increasing the possibility of T cells killing tumor cells ([Formula: see text]), early detection of tumor cells, or the use of PD-1 inhibitors to activate T cells are effective in eliminating tumor cells.
Existence results and behavior analysis for nonlinear age-dependent population dynamics problems with conformable fractional operator
Authors: Asraoui Hiba El , Omari M’hamed El , Mfadel Ali El , Hilal Khalid
Published: May 2023

In this paper, we investigate the existence of solutions and analyze the large-time behavior for Gurtin–Maccamy population model involving conformable fractional derivatives. As a preliminary step, we construct a generic structure of the solution associated with our proposed model by utilizing some basic properties and tools of conformable fractional calculus. We establish the existence of a unique solution of the given model with the given initial conditions. At last, by using the upper and lower solutions for the characteristic equation, we define the upper and lower boundaries for the obtained solution and describe the large-time behavior of the total population.
Finite index subgroups in Chevalley groups are bounded: An addendum to “On Bi-Invariant Word Metrics”
Authors: Gal Światosław R. , Kȩdra Jarek , Trost Alexander A.
Published: May 2023

We prove that finite index subgroups in [Formula: see text]-arithmetic Chevalley groups are bounded.
On symplectic capacities and their blind spots
Authors: Kerman Ely , Liang Yuanpu
Published: May 2023

In this paper, we settle three basic questions concerning the Gutt–Hutchings capacities from [11] which are conjecturally equal to the Ekeland–Hofer capacities from [7, 8]. Our primary result settles a version of the recognition question from [4], in the negative. We prove that the Gutt–Hutchings capacities together with the volume do not constitute a complete set of symplectic invariants for star-shaped domains with smooth boundary. In particular, we construct a smooth family of such domains, all of which have the same Gutt–Hutchings capacities and volume, but no two of which are symplectomorphic. We also establish two independence properties of the Gutt–Hutchings capacities. We prove that, even for star-shaped domains with smooth boundaries, these capacities are independent from the volume by constructing a family of star-shaped domains with smooth boundaries, whose Gutt–Hutchings capacities all agree but whose volumes all differ. We also prove that the capacities are mutually independent by constructing, for any [Formula: see text], a family of star-shaped domains, with smooth boundary and the same volume, whose capacities are all equal but the [Formula: see text]th. The constructions underlying these results are not exotic. They are convex and concave toric domains as defined in [11], where the authors also establish beautiful formulae for their capacities. A key to the progress made here is a significant simplification of these formulae under an additional symmetry assumption. This simplification allows us to identify new blind spots of the Gutt–Hutchings capacities which are used to construct the desired examples. This simplification also yields explicit computations of the Gutt–Hutchings capacities in many new examples.
On permanence of regularity properties
Authors: Lee Hyun Ho , Osaka Hiroyuki
Published: May 2023

We study a pair of [Formula: see text]-algebras [Formula: see text] by associating a ∗-homomorphism from [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text] which allows an approximate left inverse to the ultrapower [Formula: see text]-algebra of [Formula: see text] as a completely positive map of order zero and show that important regularity properties related to the Elliott program pass from [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text] in our setting.
The L2-torsion for representations of hyperbolic lattices
Authors: Waßermann Benjamin
Published: May 2023

We prove equality of analytic and topological [Formula: see text]-torsion associated with an odd-dimensional finite volume hyperbolic manifold and a representation of the fundamental group which extends to the ambient Lie group. This generalizes a previous result due to Lück and Schick. Alternatively, this result can be regarded as the [Formula: see text]-analog of recent work by Müller and Rochon.
Almost complex manifolds with total Betti number three
Authors: Hu Jiahao
Published: May 2023

In this paper, we show the minimal total Betti number of a closed almost complex manifold of dimension [Formula: see text] is four, thus confirming a conjecture of Sullivan except for dimension [Formula: see text]. Along the way, we prove the only simply connected closed complex manifold having total Betti number three is the complex projective plane.
The ratio of homology rank to hyperbolic volume, I
Authors: Guzman Rosemary K. , Shalen Peter B.
Published: May 2023

We show that for every finite-volume hyperbolic [Formula: see text]-manifold [Formula: see text] and every prime [Formula: see text] we have [Formula: see text]. There are slightly stronger estimates if [Formula: see text] or if [Formula: see text] is non-compact. This improves on a result proved by Agol, Leininger and Margalit, which gave the same inequality with a coefficient of [Formula: see text] in place of [Formula: see text]. It also improves on the analogous result with a coefficient of about [Formula: see text], which could have been obtained by combining the arguments due to Agol, Leininger and Margalit with a result due to Böröczky. Our inequality involving homology rank is deduced from a result about the rank of the fundamental group: if [Formula: see text] is a finite-volume orientable hyperbolic [Formula: see text]-manifold such that [Formula: see text] is [Formula: see text]-semifree, then [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is a certain constant less than 167.79.
Nilpotent elements in the cohomology of the classifying space of a connected Lie group
Authors: Kameko Masaki
Published: May 2023

We give an example of a compact connected Lie group of the lowest rank such that the mod 2 cohomology ring of its classifying space has a nonzero nilpotent element.
Quantum speed limit and categorical energy relative to microlocal projector
Authors: Chiu Sheng-Fu
Published: May 2023

Inspired by recent developments of quantum speed limit we introduce a categorical energy of sheaves in the derived category over a manifold relative to a microlocal projector. We utilize the tool of algebraic microlocal analysis to show that with regard to the microsupports of sheaves, our categorical energy gives a lower bound of the Hofer displacement energy. We also prove that on the other hand our categorical energy obeys a relative energy-capacity type inequality. As a by-product this provides a sheaf-theoretic proof of the positivity of the Hofer displacement energy for disjointing the zero section [Formula: see text] from an open subset [Formula: see text] in [Formula: see text], given that [Formula: see text].
Trees meet octahedron comparison
Authors: Lebedeva Nina , Petrunin Anton
Published: May 2023

We show that metric trees and their products meet the octahedron comparison, which is a certain six-point metric comparison similar to Alexandrov’s CAT(0) comparison.
A review on advanced optimization strategies of separators for aqueous zinc-ion batteries
Authors: Du Fukai , Wu Fangfang , Ma Lu , Feng Jinxiu , Yin Xinyu , Wang Yuxi , Dai Xiaojing , Liu Wenxian , Shi Wenhui , Cao Xiehong
Published: May 2023

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) are the most promising candidates for large-scale energy storage devices due to the advantages of low cost, high safety, environmental friendliness and high energy density. However, the low Coulombic efficiency (CE) and short cycle life of AZIBs caused by dendrite growth, hydrogen evolution reaction and corrosion of Zn anode, are limited the development and application of AZIBs in the future. To solve these problems, many works focused on the modification of Zn anode and electrolyte optimization have been widely reported. The separator–electrolyte interface and the separator–anode interface play a significant part in the behavior of zinc ions. Owing to the importance of separators for batteries, this paper reviews the requirements and optimization strategies of separators for AZIBs. It is mainly based on the surface modification of conventional separators (e.g. glass fiber, cellulose separators), the introduction of an intermediate membrane in the interlayer of the separator and anode, and the preparation of new-type separators to replace the conventional separators. In addition, this review proposes a further outlook on the future development of separators for AZIBs.
Exploring electronic, optical, and phononic properties of MgX (X = C, N, and O) monolayers using first principle calculations
Authors: Abdullah Nzar Rauf , Abdullah Botan Jawdat , Azeez Yousif Hussein , Gudmundsson Vidar
Published: May 2023

The electronic, the thermal, and the optical properties of hexagonal MgX monolayers (where [Formula: see text] = [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text]) are investigated via first principles studies. Ab-initio molecular dynamic, AIMD, simulations using NVT ensembles are performed to check the thermodynamic stability of the monolayers. We find that an MgO monolayer has semiconductor properties with a good thermodynamic stability, while the MgC and the MgN monolayers have metallic characters. The calculated phonon band structures of all the three considered monolayers show no imaginary nonphysical frequencies, thus indicating that they all have excellent dynamic stability. The MgO monolayer has a larger heat capacity then the MgC and the MgN monolayers. The metallic monolayers demonstrate optical response in the IR as a consequence of the metal properties, whereas the semiconducting MgO monolayer demonstrates an active optical response in the near-UV region. The optical response in the near-UV is beneficial for nanoelectronics and photoelectric applications. A semiconducting monolayer is a great choice for thermal management applications since its thermal properties are more attractive than those of the metallic monolayer in terms of heat capacity, which is related to the change in the internal energy of the system.
Photocatalytic water splitting kinetics of CMV model
Authors: Hu J. H. , Wang C. L.
Published: May 2023

The photocatalytic water splitting kinetics has been analyzed in this paper. The experimental data are taken from the published works and fitted with different theoretical models. From the results, we find that the photocatalytic kinetics of water splitting can be described by Capelas-Mainardi–Vaz (CMV) model very well. This suggests that the water splitting kinetics can be regarded as a fractional first-order kinetics of the chemical reaction. Also, we notice that photocatalytic water splitting is not always completely a monotone kinetics process.
Design charts and equations of the frictional resistance of single pipe pile under static and seismic loads
Authors: Al-Jeznawi Duaa , Jais I. B. Mohamed , Albusoda Bushra S. , Alzabeebee Saif , Keawsawasvong Suraparb , Khalid Norazlan
Published: May 2023

Foundations can be exposed to seismic loads in addition to static loads in seismic active areas. Thus, it might be necessary in this situation to use deep foundations rather than shallow foundations in order to prevent bearing capacity failure, improve the system’s dynamic stiffness, and/or minimize dynamic oscillations. In a seismically active area, the pile designer is expected to obtain at least the maximum earthquake-induced frictional resistance of the pile in order to achieve the necessary strength to ensure the structural integrity of the pipe pile is not compromised. However, determining the frictional resistance of the pipe pile is considered challenging. Therefore, in this study, design charts and new equations have been proposed to provide straightforward means to the designers to predict the frictional resistance of pipe piles embedded in dry and saturated cohesionless soils. The proposed charts and equations are for closed ended (CE) and open ended (OE) pipe piles. The charts have been developed based on the results of a validated three-dimensional finite element analysis. In addition, the equations were developed using regression analysis, where a high coefficient of correlation values is obtained (ranging between 0.94 and 0.98). The proposed predictive tools could assist designers in preliminary checks of the frictional capacity of pipe piles in seismic active areas.