bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and Safety of Catheter-Based Radiofrequency Renal Denervation in Stented Renal Arteries
Authors: Mahfoud Felix , Tunev Stefan , Ruwart Jennifer , Schulz-Jander Daniel , Cremers Bodo , Linz Dominik , Zeller Thomas , Bhatt Deepak L. , Rocha-Singh Krishna , Böhm Michael , Melder Robert J.
Published: October 2014

Background—

In selected patients with hypertension, renal artery (RA) stenting is used to treat significant atherosclerotic stenoses. However, blood pressure often remains uncontrolled after the procedure. Although catheter-based renal denervation (RDN) can reduce blood pressure in certain patients with resistant hypertension, there are no data on the feasibility and safety of RDN in stented RA.

Methods and Results—

We report marked blood pressure reduction after RDN in a patient with resistant hypertension who underwent previous stenting. Subsequently, radiofrequency ablation was investigated within the stented segment of porcine RA, distal to the stented segment, and in nonstented RA and compared with stent only and untreated controls. There were neither observations of thrombus nor gross or histological changes in the kidneys. After radiofrequency ablation of the nonstented RA, sympathetic nerves innervating the kidney were significantly reduced, as indicated by significant decreases in sympathetic terminal axons and reduction of norepinephrine in renal tissue. Similar denervation efficacy was found when RDN was performed distal to a renal stent. In contrast, when radiofrequency ablation was performed within the stented segment of the RA, significant sympathetic nerve ablation was not seen. Histological observation showed favorable healing in all arteries.

Conclusions—

Radiofrequency ablation of previously stented RA demonstrated that RDN provides equally safe experimental procedural outcomes in a porcine model whether the radiofrequency treatment is delivered within, adjacent, or without the stent struts being present in the RA. However, efficacious RDN is only achieved when radiofrequency ablation is delivered to the nonstented RA segment distal to the stent.
Do Moderate‐Intensity and Vigorous‐Intensity Physical Activities Reduce Mortality Rates to the Same Extent?
Authors: Shiroma Eric J. , Sesso Howard D. , Moorthy M. V. , Buring Julie E. , Lee I‐Min
Published: October 2014

Background

Limited data exist directly comparing the relative benefits of moderate‐ and vigorous‐intensity activities with all‐cause and cardiovascular (CV) disease mortality rates when controlling for physical activity volume.

Methods and Results

We followed 7979 men (Harvard Alumni Health Study, 1988–2008) and 38 671 women (Women's Health Study, 1992–2012), assessing their physical activity and health habits through repeated questionnaires. Over a mean follow‐up of 17.3 years in men and 16.4 years in women, there were 3551 deaths (1077 from
CV disease
) among men and 3170 deaths (620 from
CV disease
) among women. Those who met or exceeded an equivalent of the federal guidelines recommendation of at least 150 minutes of moderate‐intensity activity, 75 minutes of vigorous‐intensity activity, or a combination of the 2 that expended similar energy experienced significantly lower all‐cause and CV disease–related mortality rates (men, 28% to 36% and 31% to 34%, respectively; women: 38% to 55% and 22% to 44%, respectively). When comparing different combinations of moderate‐ and vigorous‐intensity activity and all‐cause mortality rates, we observed sex‐related differences. Holding constant the volume of moderate‐ to vigorous‐intensity physical activity, men experienced a modest additional benefit when expending a greater proportion of
moderate‐ to vigorous‐intensity physical activity
in vigorous‐intensity activities (
P
trend
=0.04), but women did not (
P
trend
<0.001).
Moderate‐ to vigorous‐intensity physical activity
composition was not associated with further cardiovascular mortality rate reductions in either men or women.

Conclusions

The present data support guidelines recommending 150 minutes of moderate‐intensity activity per week, 75 minutes of vigorous‐intensity activity per week, or an equivalent combination for mortality benefits. Among men, but not women, additional modest reductions in all‐cause mortality rates are associated with a greater proportion of
moderate‐ to vigorous‐intensity physical activity
performed at a vigorous intensity.
Two new greenish Encyclia: E. parkeri and E. silverarum (Laeliinae, Orchidaceae)
Authors: Leopardi-Verde Carlos L. , Reina-Rodríguez Guillermo A. , Carnevali Germán , Romero-González Gustavo A.
Published: October 2014

Two new species of Encyclia are proposed, E. silverarum and E. parkeri. Both species belong in the Encyclia chloroleuca complex, conformed also by E. chloroleuca, E. elegantula, and E. peraltensis, among others. Encyclia silverarum is known only from Panama. This species is very similar to Encyclia chloroleuca, but it is distinguished by the color of its sepals and petals (pale green-yellowish brown) and the falcate and proportionally short (<0.60 vs. >0.80 cm long) side lobes of the labellum. Encyclia parkeri, known only from Colombia (Department of Valle del Cauca), also is similar to Encyclia chloroleuca; however, it is distinguished by its flowers with olive-green to ocher petals and sepals, labellum creamy white, with the central lobe with many keels (at least three), all warty and usually slightly tinged red-purple.
Contributions to the genus Ulonemia Drake and Poor (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Tingidae) from China, with descriptions of three new species
Authors: DANG KAI , LI CHUANREN , GUILBERT ERIC , BU WENJUN
Published: October 2014

The genus Ulonemia Drake and Poor, 1937 from China is treated. Three species are described as new to science, namely Ulonemia jingae sp. nov., U. angusta sp. nov., and U. magna sp. nov., as well as a redescription of the known species U. assamensis (Distant, 1903a). Illustrations of habitus and diagnostic characters of these species are provided, together with a key to the species of Ulonemia occurring in the Oriental region.
Description of female nymphal instars and adult female of Kermes echinatus Balachowsky (Hemiptera, Coccoidea, Kermesidae) based on specimens from Crete and mainland Greece, with a discussion on geographical variation
Authors: PORCELLI FRANCESCO , PELLIZZARI GIUSEPPINA
Published: October 2014

The first-instar nymph, second- and third-instar female nymphs and the adult female of Kermes echinatus Balachowsky (Hemiptera, Coccoidea, Kermesidae) are described and illustrated; micrographs of morphological details are also provided. The species was collected on the island of Crete (Greece) and on mainland Greece, new localities for this species, and are compared with Israeli specimens from where it was originally described.
Taxonomic revision of Calamister Kirkaldy, 1906 (Fulgoromorpha: Cixiidae) with the description of a new species
Authors: LÖCKER BIRGIT
Published: October 2014

Calamister obscurus Kirkaldy, 1906 is redescribed, illustrated and a lectotype designated from the type series. A new species, C. cougalensis, is added to the genus. An identification key is provided and morphological characters discussed. Doubts are raised about a specimen published as C. obscurus by Jacobi (1928).
Children with reading problems: Missed opportunities to make a difference
Authors: Serry Tanya A , Oberklaid Frank
Published: October 2014

Recent Australian data from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) indicate that around 14% of children are performing poorly on reading. Comparisons with earlier data show that the relative numbers of Australian children with low reading status have not declined in this century. This is despite a surge of robust research documenting evidence-based principles that should guide reading intervention for children who make a poor start in learning to read. In this article, we outline an integrated model of best practice based on empirical research, and contrast this with current practices in schools in the Australian state of Victoria to support poor readers. Practices appear to comply with a model of early identification of reading difficulty and an intensive intervention program in early school years. However, significant shortcomings are apparent in the theoretical orientation of some interventions, the resourcing of reading intervention programs and intensity and continuity of intervention for children with persisting difficulty. We suggest that major changes are required to support vulnerable readers at school.
Occupation and the process of transition from homelessness
Authors: Marshall Carrie Anne , Rosenberg Mark W.
Published: October 2014

Background.

The incorporation of meaningful activity or occupation in supporting those transitioning from homelessness to being housed has been promoted by researchers; however, there is little evidence to support the promotion of initiatives encouraging its use in support models.

Purpose.

This manuscript aims to advocate for further research into the role of occupation in supporting persons transitioning from homelessness to permanent housing. Key Issues. The transition from homelessness to becoming housed can be facilitated through use of occupation as a way of promoting the security of meaningful roles and a “housed identity” among persons experiencing homelessness.

Implications.

By promoting an emphasis on occupation, persons experiencing homelessness may undergo a positive change in identity. This change may improve housing tenure and the likelihood of a more permanent transition away from homelessness. More research is required to identify the relationship between occupation and the transition from homelessness.
The participation of children and youth with disabilities in activities outside of school: A scoping review
Authors: Tonkin Brenna L. , Ogilvie Briana D. , Greenwood Sarah A. , Law Mary C. , Anaby Dana R.
Published: October 2014

Background.

Participation in occupations is vital for learning and development. Children with disabilities are at risk for decreased participation.

Purpose.

The purpose of this study is to examine peer-reviewed literature about the participation-based experiences of children and youth with disabilities in activities outside of formal preschool and school academics.

Method.

A scoping review was conducted to examine research studies published between 1990 and 2012. Studies included participants from 2 to 18 years who had at least one physical or intellectual/cognitive disability.

Findings.

Forty-nine articles discussing 32 studies and three systematic reviews met the inclusion criteria. Perceptions of and influences on participation were important emerging themes about direct impacts on patterns of participation. A child or youth’s level of functioning, activity level, level of enjoyment, and contextual factors were found to influence their level of successful participation.

Implications.

Occupational therapists can use the findings from this review to consider supports and barriers within interventions to enhance participation in meaningful life situations.
Peer support as a catalyst for recovery: A mixed-methods study
Authors: Wrobleski Tanya , Walker Gill , Jarus-Hakak Avital , Suto Melinda J.
Published: October 2014

Background.

Peer support involves people in recovery from mental illness supporting their peers.

Purpose.

This mixed-methods pilot randomized control trial with qualitative interviews aimed to (a) compare peer support worker (PSW) and mental health worker (MHW) client outcomes and (b) provide estimates to inform the design of a larger study.

Method.

Fifteen adults living with a mental illness and receiving services at a community health team were randomly assigned to a PSW or a MHW group. The Quality of Life Interview–Brief Version was administered at baseline and after 6 months of intervention. Participants completed a semi-structured exit interview.

Findings.

While both groups improved from baseline to 6 months, the PSW group did not improve more than the MHW group. Interviews highlighted therapeutic alliance and boundaries.

Implications.

This research adds to existing literature that PSWs produce outcomes similar to nonpeer staff and struggle with boundaries related to their unique role.
Coping strategies associated with participation and quality of life in older adults
Authors: Levasseur Mélanie , Couture Mélanie
Published: October 2014

Background.

It is important to understand the coping strategies that optimize or restrict participation or quality of life, especially for older adults.

Purpose.

The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between, on the one hand, problem- and emotion-focused coping strategies used to deal with aging limitations or health problems and, on the other hand, participation and quality of life.

Method.

A cross-sectional design was used with 82 community-dwelling participants aged 65 and older.

Findings.

Participants used both problem-focused (distancing, self-control) and emotion-focused (seeking social support, planful problem solving, positive appraisal) coping strategies to deal with aging limitations or health problems. Only a few moderately significant associations were found except for escape–avoidance coping strategies, which were significantly associated with lower participation and quality of life.

Implications.

Before developing interventions to improve or maintain older adults’ participation and quality of life, more studies are needed to better understand coping strategies used by older adults to deal with aging limitations or health problems and especially escape–avoidance strategies.
Fatigue-driven model for mode II interlaminar delamination propagation of fibre/epoxy-reinforced composite laminates under three-point end-notched flexure
Authors: Yun XY , Xiong JJ , Shenoi RA
Published: October 2014

This paper deals with mode II interlaminar delamination properties and failure mechanisms of composite laminates in three-point end-notched flexure (3-ENF) tests under fixed cyclic loading. The results for fracture toughness, fatigue driving force and delamination propagation behaviours of three different types of carbon and E-glass fibre/epoxy resin-reinforced composite laminates are evaluated and compared with each other for providing an insight into fatigue damage development in composites and for constituting a fundamental basis for the development of a characterization model. A new characterization formulation is presented for mode II interlaminar delamination propagation based on controlling fatigue stress. Finally, the model is applied to experimental data, demonstrating the practical and effective use of the proposed model. It is shown that fatigue-driven strength for mode II interlaminar delamination propagation can be obtained realistically from experimental data using the new formulae.
Biaxial tensile-compressive loading of unnotched and open-hole carbon epoxy crossply laminates
Authors: Kureemun Umeyr , Ridha M , Tay TE
Published: October 2014

Although most tests on composites are conducted uniaxially, they are subjected to multi-axial loads in real-life applications. In this paper, the behavior of unnotched and open-hole unidirectional carbon epoxy crossply laminates under various off-axis biaxial tension-compression loadings is studied using a mixed experimental and numerical approach. Strain measurements made using digital image correlation technique in cruciform test specimens show overall good correlation with finite element predictions based on the micromechanics of failure theory and material property degradation method. It is shown that an aligned mesh concept where element edges are aligned with ply fiber direction is necessary for accurate prediction of progressive failure patterns. The finite element model is shown to be capable of predicting critical and sub-critical damage mechanisms governing failure in these laminates. Furthermore, the detrimental effect of off-axis loading and the introduction of an open-hole in carbon epoxy crossply laminates under the biaxial loading are investigated quantitatively.
Cues to Coup Plotters
Authors: Wig Tore , Rød Espen Geelmuyden
Published: October 2014

A large proportion of coup attempts in autocracies occur in the aftermath of elections, yet little systematic research exists on the topic. Drawing on recent literature on elections in autocracies, we present an argument to explain postelection coups. While we recognize that electoral institutions have the potential to stabilize autocracies, we illustrate that the election event can spark instability when incumbents reveal electoral weakness. Electoral outcomes—in the form of vote shares and opposition reactions—are signals containing information about the strength of the opposition, and indirectly about the likelihood of a successful full-scale revolution that would compromise the privileged positions of regime elites. In these situations, coups are likely to be initiated to avoid a revolution, either by serving as concessions to the opposition or by facilitating increased repression. We perform a large- N study that supports our argument, significantly nuancing the claim that elections stabilize autocracies.
A Revised Look at Interstate Wars, 1816–2007
Authors: Reiter Dan , Stam Allan C. , Horowitz Michael C.
Published: October 2014

Interstate war data are critical for many important research areas in international relations. Scholars working in these areas frequently rely on the Correlates of War (COW) interstate war data. This article analyzes the COW interstate war data version 4.0, covering the years 1816 through 2007. Using COW coding criteria, the article finds that in more than 30 percent of the ninety-five COW interstate wars, codings of at least one of the key variables—existence of the war, list of participants, initiator, and outcome—needs to be revised. This article describes a revised data set on interstate wars that incorporates these revisions. The data set includes a metric for breaking apart large, multilateral wars such as the World Wars into component wars. For each participant in multilateral wars, it provides information on exactly which states that participant fought, and specific initiation and outcome codings for that participant.
Creating a Critical Genetics Curriculum as a Counternarrative to/in the Urban Imaginary
Authors: Mayfield Kerrita K.
Published: October 2014

I am explicating the neologism critical genetics as a site of curricular engagement for urban science students, acknowledging that schools and school systems are hierarchical structures that reflect a community’s social norms and practices. This critical and standards-based critical genetics curriculum interrogates and disrupts the deficit narratives for inner-city minority youth while helping students manifest skills that are crucial for college-bound science learners. I also explicate the curricular choices made in an attempt to help students participate in developing authentic counternarratives so that they could resist the racial determinism embedded in dominant narratives of school success.
Municipal incorporation in the United States
Authors: Leon-Moreta Agustin
Published: October 2014

This article empirically examines the formation of municipalities in the USA. It traces change in unincorporated areas over decades to determine how basic dimensions of population heterogeneity affect the probability of municipal incorporation. The article also examines how state legislation on local government autonomy affect the probability of municipal incorporation. To guide the research, this article follows theory on local government boundary change and the Tiebout hypothesis – literatures interested in the role of municipal fragmentation in tax-and-service differentials within metropolitan areas. Main findings are that income heterogeneity raises the probability of municipal incorporation and state restrictions on local government autonomy lower that probability. I present a boundaries-normalised data set that can be useful for research extensions.
Because You Don’t Realize How Many People Have Different Experiences Than You
Authors: Hoekstra Angel
Published: October 2014

Sociology instructors have begun adding student response systems to support conceptual application in college courses. While little has been published about how these devices affect learning behavior in our discipline, research from other fields suggests clickers may enhance learning by encouraging engagement through collaborative talk. This paper presents mixed-methods data examining clicker use in two sociology courses (2007 to 2013). Survey, observation, and interview data suggest student response systems may enhance class discussions by supporting engagement, participation, and the building of empathy for diverse perspectives, but proper implementation is required.
Helping Others as a Response to Reconcile a Criminal Past
Authors: LeBel Thomas P. , Richie Matt , Maruna Shadd
Published: October 2014

Anecdotal evidence suggests that many of the staff members working for prisoner reentry programs are formerly incarcerated persons. Moreover, criminologists have written that the strengths-based role of the “wounded healer” or “professional ex-” is exemplified by released prisoners who desist from a deviant career by replacing it with an occupation as a paraprofessional, lay therapist, or counselor. Despite these observations, there is a paucity of research about formerly incarcerated persons employed by agencies that provide reentry-related programming. This study begins to fill this gap by examining whether, how, and why the staff members of prisoner reentry programs differ from the clients. Characteristics of formerly incarcerated persons thought to be related to desistance and reconciling a criminal past such as overcoming stigma, prosocial attitudes and beliefs, active coping strategies, psychological well-being, and satisfaction with life are examined. Findings support the notion that the wounded healer or professional ex- role is related to desistance and can potentially transform formerly incarcerated persons from being part of “the problem” into part of “the solution” to reduce crime and recidivism.
A Meta-Analysis on Cognitive Distortions and Externalizing Problem Behavior
Authors: Helmond Petra , Overbeek Geertjan , Brugman Daniel , Gibbs John C.
Published: October 2014

Cognitive distortions are an important focus in many investigations and treatments of externalizing problem behavior, such as antisocial, delinquent, and aggressive behavior. Yet the overall strength of the association between cognitive distortions and externalizing behavior is unknown. Furthermore, it is unknown whether interventions can effectively reduce cognitive distortions and subsequently externalizing behavior. To fill these gaps, we conducted a meta-analysis of 71 studies on 20,685 participants. Results showed a medium to large effect size ( d = .70) for the association between cognitive distortions and externalizing behavior. Interventions had a small effect ( d = .27) on reducing cognitive distortions. In a subset of intervention studies that incorporated both cognitive distortions and externalizing behavior, however, neither cognitive distortions nor externalizing behavior were effectively reduced. Hence, although cognitive distortions are substantially linked to externalizing behavior and interventions can reduce cognitive distortions, a subsequent reduction in externalizing behavior remains to be demonstrated.
Differential Susceptibility to Parental Sensitivity Based on Early-Life Temperament in the Prediction of Adolescent Affective Psychopathic Personality Traits
Authors: Beaver Kevin M. , Hartman Sarah , Belsky Jay
Published: October 2014

A body of research has examined the potential causes of psychopathy and psychopathic personality traits. What is surprisingly missing from these studies is an effort to estimate person–environment interactions that might explain variation in psychopathic personality traits. The current study addressed this lacuna, examining whether early-life temperament conditioned the effect of parental sensitivity on adolescent affective psychopathic personality traits. Drawing on data from the National Institute of Chlid Health and Human Development (NICHD) Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development, the results revealed some evidence of temperament–parenting interactions, which were more in line with a differential-susceptibility than a diathesis-stress model of environmental action. Findings indicated that male infants with an easy temperament were the most affected by maternal and paternal sensitivity when it came to predicting a measure of affective psychopathic traits and the subcomponent of callousness. In addition, early-life temperament also interacted with paternal sensitivity in a for-better-and-for-worse fashion for the subcomponent of unemotionality.
Trial by Space
Authors: Zingale Nicholas C. , Liggett Helen , Riemann Heinen Deborah
Published: October 2014

Successfully guiding the transition of space within shrinking cities presents a challenge to public administrators, urban designers, and planners faced with developing policies and practices to cope with declining conditions. This project examines a particular site, “The Flats,” the waterfront area of the Cuyahoga River in Cleveland, Ohio, and asks how assumptions about desirable uses have shifted over time. Henry Lefebvre’s notion of “trial by space” is adapted to create a heuristic tool for highlighting the implications of alternative land uses along two axes: domination and appropriation. Historic postcards, interviews with administrators, and recent planning documents for the Flats are analyzed to highlight values embedded in past spatial practices and proposed land uses. Finally, we suggest that the trial by space model is applicable beyond shrinking cities and can operate as a tool with which not only scholars but also policy makers, administrators, politicians, planners, and citizens can assess the implications of administrative plans and land use proposals.
Agreement on the Perception of Moral Character
Authors: Helzer Erik G. , Furr R. Michael , Hawkins Ashley , Barranti Maxwell , Blackie Laura E. R. , Fleeson William
Published: October 2014

This study tested for inter-judge agreement on moral character. A sample of students and community members rated their own moral character using a measure that tapped six moral character traits. Friends, family members, and/or acquaintances rated these targets on the same traits. Self/other and inter-informant agreement was found at the trait level for both a general character factor and for residual variance explained by individual moral character traits, as well as at the individual level (judges agreed on targets’ “moral character profiles”). Observed inter-judge agreement constitutes evidence for the existence of moral character, and raises questions about the nature of moral character traits.
Identification of Environmental Chemicals Associated with the Development of Toxicant-associated Fatty Liver Disease in Rodents
Authors: Al-Eryani Laila , Wahlang Banrida , Falkner K. C. , Guardiola J. J. , Clair H. B. , Prough R. A. , Cave Matt
Published: October 2014

Background:

Toxicant-associated fatty liver disease (TAFLD) is a recently identified form of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) associated with exposure to industrial chemicals and environmental pollutants. Numerous studies have been conducted to test the association between industrial chemicals/environmental pollutants and fatty liver disease both in vivo and in vitro.

Objectives:

The objective of the article is to report a list of chemicals associated with TAFLD.

Methods:

Two federal databases of rodent toxicology studies—Toxicological Reference Database (ToxRefDB; Environmental Protection Agency) and Chemical Effects in Biological Systems (CEBS, National Toxicology Program)—were searched for liver end points. Combined, these 2 databases archive nearly 2,000 rodent studies. Toxicant-associated steatohepatitis (TASH) descriptors including fatty change, fatty necrosis, Oil red O-positive staining, steatosis, and lipid deposition were queried.

Results:

Using these search terms, 123 chemicals associated with fatty liver were identified. Pesticides and solvents were the most frequently identified chemicals, while polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)/dioxins were the most potent. About 44% of identified compounds were pesticides or their intermediates, and >10% of pesticide registration studies in ToxRefDB were associated with fatty liver. Fungicides and herbicides were more frequently associated with fatty liver than insecticides.

Conclusion:

More research on pesticides, solvents, metals, and PCBs/dioxins in NAFLD/TAFLD is warranted due to their association with liver damage.
Hepatic Mitochondrial Alteration in CD-1 Mice Associated with Prenatal Exposures to Low Doses of Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA)
Authors: Quist Erin M. , Filgo Adam J. , Cummings Connie A. , Kissling Grace E. , Hoenerhoff Mark J. , Fenton Suzanne E.
Published: October 2014

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is a perfluoroalkyl acid primarily used as an industrial surfactant. It persists in the environment and has been linked to potentially toxic and/or carcinogenic effects in animals and people. As a known activator of peroxisome proliferator–activated receptors (PPARs), PFOA exposure can induce defects in fatty acid oxidation, lipid transport, and inflammation. Here, pregnant CD-1 mice were orally gavaged with 0, 0.01, 0.1, 0.3, and 1 mg/kg of PFOA from gestation days (GD) 1 through 17. On postnatal day (PND) 21, histopathologic changes in the livers of offspring included hepatocellular hypertrophy and periportal inflammation that increased in severity by PND 91 in an apparent dose-dependent response. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of selected liver sections from PND 91 mice revealed PFOA-induced cellular damage and mitochondrial abnormalities with no evidence of peroxisome proliferation. Within hypertrophied hepatocytes, mitochondria were not only increased in number but also exhibited altered morphologies suggestive of increased and/or uncontrolled fission and fusion reactions. These findings suggest that peroxisome proliferation is not a component of PFOA-induced hepatic toxicity in animals that are prenatally exposed to low doses of PFOA.
Customer knowledge management practices on a social media platform
Authors: Boateng Henry
Published: October 2014

The purpose of the paper is to examine how social media can be employed to assist in customer knowledge management in two multinational telecommunication companies operating in Ghana. The study employed case study and netnography as research design. Data was obtained from Twitter and Facebook fan pages of MTN Ghana and Vodafone Ghana. A social media supported Customer Knowledge Management framework was adapted as a conceptual lens. Data was thematically analysed. The findings show that MTN Ghana and Vodafone Ghana have employed social media to manage customer knowledge. The companies engage their customers on Facebook and Twitter to access their knowledge and provide the customers with knowledge about their products and services.
Determinants of continued usage of pervasive business intelligence systems
Authors: Han Yang-Ming , Shen Chu-San , Farn Cheng-Kiang
Published: October 2014

To cope with the huge data flow in today’s uncertain economic environment, organizations have pervasively adopted business intelligence systems (BIS) to provide internal and external information to stakeholders of all working levels in their decision-making scenarios. However, the continued pervasive usage of BIS has become a practical challenge. The aim of this study is to build a model to explain the pervasive BIS user’s continued usage. Besides the original Bhattacherjee’s continued usage model and Limayem et al.‘s model, which considers the habit construct, this study also includes the ideas of empowerment through individual authorization and intrinsic task motivation in the pervasive BIS context. The model was empirically tested using data from 117 respondents in Taiwan, obtained in two rounds of questionnaires to explain the situation of voluntary pervasive continued usage of BIS. The results support the original model of continued pervasive BIS usage and can be used to interpret psychological empowerment as a second-order construct. This study also demonstrated that habit has a direct effect on BIS usage and that psychological empowerment is influenced by structural empowerment, and acts as a pure moderator between pervasive continued BIS intention and continued usage behavior.
Fostering Habib’s Engagement and Self-Regulation
Authors: Haines Shana J. , Summers Jean Ann , Turnbull Ann P. , Turnbull H. Rutherford , Palmer Susan
Published: October 2014

Developing children’s self-regulation and engagement skills are primary goals of early childhood education. These skills are fostered in both home and preschool environments and can lead to improved educational outcomes. This qualitative case study investigated how a refugee family and Head Start teachers fostered the self-regulation and engagement skills of a 4-year-old boy at risk for disability. It found that adult expectations and practices related to protection, intervention, and affective response in his home environment differed greatly from those in his Head Start environment. His skills steadily improved in both settings during the 4-month study’s duration. Implications include using a framework of the three domains—protection, intervention, and affective response—to guide future research.
Dopaminergic Polymorphisms, Academic Achievement, and Violent Delinquency
Authors: Yun Ilhong , Lee Julak , Kim Seung-Gon
Published: October 2014

Recent research in the field of educational psychology points to the salience of self-control in accounting for the variance in students’ report card grades. At the same time, a novel empirical study from molecular genetics drawing on the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) data has revealed that polymorphisms in three dopaminergic genes (dopamine transporter [DAT1], dopamine D2 receptor [DRD2], and dopamine D4 receptor [DRD4]) are also linked to adolescents’ grade point averages (GPAs). Juxtaposing these two lines of research, the current study reanalyzed the Add Health genetic subsample to assess the relative effects of these dopaminergic genes and self-control on GPAs. The results showed that the effects of the latter were far stronger than those of the former. The interaction effects between the dopaminergic genes and a set of environmental factors on academic performance were also examined, producing findings that are aligned with the “social push hypothesis” in behavioral genetics. Finally, based on the criminological literature on the link between academic performance and delinquency, we tested whether dopaminergic effects on violent delinquency were mediated by GPAs. The results demonstrated that academic performance fully mediated the linkage between these genes and violent delinquency.
Relationships Between Traumatic Brain Injury and Illicit Drug Use and Their Association With Aggression in Inmates
Authors: Fishbein Diana , Dariotis Jacinda K. , Ferguson Pamela L. , Pickelsimer E. Elisabeth
Published: October 2014

Extensive interviews of correctional inmates in South Carolina (2009-2010) were conducted under a Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) grant. We evaluated the extent to which early traumatic brain injury (TBI) and subsequent illicit drug abuse may conjointly influence development of aggression, controlling for alcohol use, and whether cognitive or emotional dysregulation mediated this relationship. Early TBI predicted greater severity and earlier onset of drug use, and an earlier age at first use predicted greater aggression regardless of the age of TBI. Emotional dysregulation mediated effects of TBI on aggression. The potential to design more targeted treatments for this susceptible population are discussed.
The Relationship Between the Level of Program Integrity and Pre- and Post-Test Changes of Responsive–Aggression Regulation Therapy (Re-ART) Outpatient
Authors: Hoogsteder Larissa M. , van Horn Joan E. , Stams Geert Jan J. M. , Wissink Inge B. , Hendriks Jan
Published: October 2014

Responsive–Aggression Regulation Therapy (Re-ART) Outpatient is a cognitive behavioral–based intervention for adolescents and young adults (16-24 years) with severe aggressive behavioral problems. This pilot study ( N = 26) examined the level of program integrity (PI; that is, the delivery of the intervention as it is originally intended) of Re-ART. We also investigated the pre- and post-test changes in several outcome variables, and the relation between the level of PI and these changes. Participants were recruited from three different outpatient forensic settings. Results showed that the PI of half of the treatments was not sufficient (e.g., the intensity of the program was too low and some standard modules were not offered). In addition, this pilot study demonstrated that sufficient PI was related to positive changes in aggression, cognitive distortions, social support, coping (reported by therapist), and distrust (responsiveness to treatment).
Postoperative Restoration of Upper Extremity Motion and Neuromuscular Control During the Overhand Pitch
Authors: Chalmers Peter N. , Trombley Robert , Cip Johannes , Monson Brett , Forsythe Brian , Nicholson Gregory P. , Bush-Joseph Charles A. , Cole Brian J. , Wimmer Markus A. , Romeo Anthony A. , Verma Nikhil N.
Published: October 2014

Background:

Superior labral anterior-posterior (SLAP) tears are a common cause of shoulder pain and dysfunction in overhand throwers. Treatment outcomes remain unpredictable, with a large percentage of athletes unable to return to sport. There is considerable debate about the optimal treatment between debridement, repair, and tenodesis.

Hypothesis:

Labral repair more closely restores neuromuscular control and motion during the overhand pitch than tenodesis of the long head of the biceps.

Study Design:

Controlled laboratory study.

Methods:

Eighteen pitchers, including 7 uninjured controls, 6 players pitching after SLAP repair, and 5 players pitching after subpectoral biceps tenodesis (BT), underwent simultaneous surface electromyographic measurement at 1500 Hz and motion analysis at 120 Hz with a 14-camera markerless motion analysis system and high-speed video (120 Hz) to confirm accurate motion tracking. Patients had undergone surgery at least 1 year previously and had returned to pitching with a painless shoulder.

Results:

No significant differences were observed in the long head of the biceps muscle, short head of the biceps muscle, deltoid, infraspinatus, or latissimus activity between controls, patients after SLAP repair, and patients after BT. The variability from pitch to pitch for each study participant was similar between groups. Based on visual inspection of the activity time plots, BT appeared to more closely restore the normal pattern of muscular activation within the long head of the biceps muscle than did SLAP repair. There were no significant differences between controls and postoperative patients in the majority of pitching kinematics; however, pitchers after SLAP repair showed significantly altered patterns of thoracic rotation ( P = .034) compared with controls and were significantly less likely to fall into previously published normal values for lead knee flexion at front foot contact ( P = .019).

Conclusion:

While both BT and SLAP repair can restore physiologic neuromuscular control, pitchers who undergo SLAP repair may exhibit altered patterns of thoracic rotation when compared with controls and pitchers who undergo BT.

Clinical Relevance:

While both tenodesis and SLAP repair can restore physiologic neuromuscular control, SLAP repair may alter pitching biomechanics.
A Biomechanical Comparison of Femoral Cortical Suspension Devices for Soft Tissue Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Under High Loads
Authors: Johnson Jared S. , Smith Sean D. , LaPrade Christopher M. , Turnbull Travis Lee , LaPrade Robert F. , Wijdicks Coen A.
Published: October 2014

Background:

Graft healing after soft tissue anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction requires rigid fixation to allow for soft tissue healing. Cortical suspension devices for femoral fixation should be biomechanically tested under high loads representative of early rehabilitation to evaluate whether they provide sufficient fixation.

Purpose/Hypothesis:

To biomechanically compare current fixed-loop and adjustable-loop cortical suspension devices for soft tissue femoral fixation under high loads. The hypotheses were that there would be significant differences in cyclic displacement between devices, independent of loop type, and that retensioning of the adjustable-loop devices would not significantly alter the biomechanical properties of these devices.

Study Design:

Controlled laboratory study.

Methods:

Five different femoral ACL graft cortical suspension devices (3 fixed and 2 adjustable) were compared under high cyclic forces (100-400 N for 1000 cycles) and then pulled to failure at 50 mm/min. In addition, the effect of retensioning after simulated preconditioning was evaluated for the 2 adjustable-loop devices.

Results:

On average, the least amount of cumulative peak cyclic displacement (mean ± SD) was observed for the ENDOBUTTON (1.05 ± 0.05 mm), followed by the RIGIDLOOP (1.09 ± 0.16 mm), XO Button (1.65 ± 0.43 mm), TightRope with retensioning (1.81 ± 0.51 mm), TightRope without retensioning (2.20 ± 0.62 mm), ToggleLoc with retensioning (3.22 ± 1.41 mm), and ToggleLoc without retensioning (3.69 ± 2.39 mm). The ENDOBUTTON displaced significantly less after cyclic loading than all adjustable-loop devices (TightRope and ToggleLoc, both with and without retensioning) and the XO Button. The RIGIDLOOP displaced significantly less than the TightRope without retensioning and ToggleLoc with and without retensioning. There was no significant difference in biomechanical properties after retensioning for both adjustable-loop devices.

Conclusion:

Significant differences were observed between current fixed-loop and adjustable-loop cortical suspension devices for soft tissue femoral fixation when subjected to high loads experienced during rehabilitation. Retensioning did not significantly alter the biomechanical properties of adjustable-loop devices.

Clinical Relevance:

Early rehabilitation protocols subject the graft construct to higher forces than what has been previously tested biomechanically. Biomechanical testing of cortical suspension devices under simulated high rehabilitation loads demonstrated significant differences between devices. Future studies should investigate the clinical implications of these time zero results.
Detecting Rhythms in Time Series with RAIN
Authors: Thaben Paul F. , Westermark Pål O.
Published: October 2014

A fundamental problem in research on biological rhythms is that of detecting and assessing the significance of rhythms in large sets of data. Classic methods based on Fourier theory are often hampered by the complex and unpredictable characteristics of experimental and biological noise. Robust nonparametric methods are available but are limited to specific wave forms. We present RAIN, a robust nonparametric method for the detection of rhythms of prespecified periods in biological data that can detect arbitrary wave forms. When applied to measurements of the circadian transcriptome and proteome of mouse liver, the sets of transcripts and proteins with rhythmic abundances were significantly expanded due to the increased detection power, when we controlled for false discovery. Validation against independent data confirmed the quality of these results. The large expansion of the circadian mouse liver transcriptomes and proteomes reflected the prevalence of nonsymmetric wave forms and led to new conclusions about function. RAIN was implemented as a freely available software package for R/Bioconductor and is presently also available as a web interface.
Incremental Criterion Validity of the WJ-III COG Clinical Clusters
Authors: McGill Ryan J.
Published: October 2014

The current study examined the incremental validity of the clinical clusters from the Woodcock–Johnson III Tests of Cognitive Abilities (WJ-III COG) for predicting scores on the Woodcock–Johnson III Tests of Achievement (WJ-III ACH). All participants were children and adolescents ( N = 4,722) drawn from the nationally representative WJ-III standardization sample. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were used to assess for cluster-level effects after controlling for the variance accounted for by the General Intellectual Ability (GIA) composite score. Consistent with previous studies, the GIA accounted for clinically significant portions of WJ-III ACH score variance in all of the regression models with R2 values ranging from .33 to .63. The clinical cluster scores collectively accounted for small to moderate incremental effects with no meaningful effects observed for individual indicators. Potential implications of these results for empirically supported interpretation of the WJ-III COG are discussed.
Release kinetics of prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors from collagen barrier membranes
Authors: Hamid Omar , Pensch Manuela , Agis Hermann
Published: October 2014

Collagen barrier membranes are used in guided tissue regeneration to support healing. This strategy, however, relies on the healing capacity of the tissue. Pharmacological inhibitors of prolyl hydroxylases can support regeneration by enhancing angiogenesis and are therefore a promising tool for periodontology. Here we evaluate the release kinetics of the prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors dimethyloxalylglycine and l-mimosine from collagen barrier membranes. Dimethyloxalylglycine and l-mimosine were lyophilized onto the collagen barrier membranes. The morphology of the collagen barrier membranes was analysed using scanning electron microscopy. The release of prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors was assessed by colorimetric and spectroscopic methods. Their ability to induce a cellular response was assessed in bioassays with gingival and periodontal ligament fibroblasts based on vascular endothelial growth factor production, proliferation, and metabolic activity of the cells. We found that loading of collagen barrier membranes with prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors did not change the overall membrane morphology. Assessment of the release kinetics by direct measurements and based on vascular endothelial growth factor production showed that supernatants obtained from the collagen barrier membranes in the first 6 hours had a sufficient level of prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors to induce vascular endothelial growth factor production. A similar kinetic was found when cell proliferation was assessed. Changes in metabolic activity did not reach the level of significance in the MTT assay. In conclusion, collagen barrier membranes can release prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors thereby increasing the pro-angiogenic capacity of periodontal cells in vitro. These findings provide the basis for preclinical studies to evaluate the regenerative capacity of prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors in periodontology and oral surgery.