bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Three- and Six-Year-Old Children are Sensitive to Natural Body Expressions of Emotion: An ERP Emotional Priming Study
Authors: Ke Han , Vuong Quoc , Geangu Elena
Published: April 2021

Body movements provide a rich source of emotional information during social interactions. Although the ability to perceive biological-motion cues related to those movements begins to develop in infancy, processing those cues to identify emotions likely continues to develop into childhood. Previous studies use posed or exaggerated body movements, which may not reflect the kind of body expressions children experience. The present study used an event-related potential (ERP) priming paradigm to investigate the development of emotion recognition from more naturalistic body movements. Point-light displays of male adult bodies expressing happy or angry emotional movements while narrating a story were used as prime stimuli, while audio recordings of the words “happy” and “angry” spoken with an emotionally neutral prosody were used as targets. We recorded the ERPs time-locked to the onset of the auditory target from 3- and 6-year-old children, and compared amplitude and latency of the N300 and N400 responses between the two age groups in the different prime-target conditions. There was an overall effect of prime for the N300 amplitude, with more negative-going responses for happy compared to angry PLDs. There was also an interaction between prime and target for the N300 latency, suggesting that all children were sensitive to the emotional congruency between body movements and words. For the N400 component, there was only an interaction between age, prime and target for latency, suggesting an age-dependent modulation of this component when prime and target did not match in emotional information. Overall, our results suggest that the emergence of more complex emotion processing of body expressions occurs around 6 years of age, but it is not fully developed at this point in ontogeny.
“I’d lie to you, because I love you!” Relationship satisfaction predicts preference for prosocial lying through perceived harm in truth telling
Authors: Cantarero Katarzyna
Published: April 2021

In a pre-registered online study (N = 200) participants currently in a romantic relationship were presented with dilemmas of whether to tell a prosocial lie or the blatant truth. The results showed a general preference for blatant truth. Importantly, relationship satisfaction was positively related to a preference for prosocial lying. Further analysis revealed that perceived harm attributed to telling the truth to the romantic partner mediated the relationship between relationship satisfaction and preference for prosocial lying.
Daily Fluctuations in Occupation with and Worry about COVID-19
Authors: Lodder Gerine M. A. , van Halem Sjoerd , Bülow Anne , van Scheppingen Manon A. , Weller Joshua , Reitz Anne K.
Published: April 2021

In the first week after the first COVID-19 patient was reported in the Netherlands, we conducted a pre-registered momentary assessment study (7 surveys per day, 50 participants, 7 days) to study the dynamic relationship between individuals’ occupation with and worries about COVID-19 in daily life, and the moderating role of neuroticism in this relationship. At the group level, higher scores on occupation and worry co-occurred, and occupation predicted worry one hour later, but not vice versa. There were substantial individual differences in the magnitudes and directions of the effects. For instance, occupation with COVID-19 was related to increases in worry for some, but decreases in worry for others. Neuroticism did not predict any of these individual differences in the links between worry and occupation. This study suggests that it is important to go beyond group-level analyses and to account for individual differences in responses to COVID-19.
A Brief History of Eye Movement Research
Authors: Fletcher Abbey , Dunne Stephen , Butler Joe
Published: April 2021

This chapter will provide a brief overview of the rich and fascinating history underpinning contemporary eye-movement research. Starting with the early work by Kepler and the largely observational investigations of eye-movements conducted by others, we will cover the development of eye-movement research in terms of the machinery used for early investigations, such as crude measurements using plaster of Paris, as well as set out some of the first instances of phenomena which are still keeping scientists occupied today. Hopefully, by the end of this chapter, you will appreciate the broad history behind some of the topics covered throughout the rest of this book.
Clinical effectiveness of Sphatikadi Prathisarana in the management of Sheetada (Gingivitis)
Authors:   Intern Medical Officer, National Ayurveda Hospital, Colombo, Sri Lanka, Balasooriya BPLR , Peiris KPP ,   Senior Lecturer, Gampaha Wickramarachchi Ayurveda Institute, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka
Published: April 2021

Oral diseases continue to be a major health problem in world-wide. In Ayurveda Sheethada, is one of Dantamulagatha (periodontal) disorder under the classification of Mukha roga (Oral diseases) as Susrutha Samhitha. Sheetada occurs due to vitiation of Kapha and Raktha dosa and can be correlated with marginal gingivitis on the basis of similarities of symptoms, involvement of anatomical structure, etiology and prognosis. Prevalence of Sheetada is higher among the elders though begins in early childhood. This study was focused to evaluate the effectiveness of Spatikadi prathisarana (massage or rub on the gums with mechanical pressure exerted in a specific direction with herbal powder) included in the text of Rajaushadasaraya for the management of Sheetada. Thirty patients were selected with individual written consent from the Shalakya OPD, Gampaha Wickramarachchi Ayurveda Teaching Hospital, Sri Lanka by using specific proforma. Two groups were randomly selected with irrespective of their sex, religion, habitat etc. Group A was treated with Spatikadi prathisarana and Group B was treated with Triphala Prathisarana as local application on gums. Rakthasrawa (bleeding gums), Krishnatha (discoloration), Shotha (oedema), Mukha daurgandhya (halitosis), Mrudutha (spongygums), Prakledatha (moistness) were considered as subjective criteria and as objective criteria improvement of Gingival Index (GI-S) and Gingival bleeding index (GBI-S) were studied before and after treatment. Statistically, Rakthasrava, Krishnatha, Shotha, Mukha Daurgandhya, Mrudutha were significantly reduced in group A as compare to Group B. As Objective Parameters Gingival Index (GI-S) and Gingival Bleeding Index (GBI-S) were statistically significant in both groups. Follow up study further confirmed that the recurrence rate in Group A was significantly lower than Group B.
Effect of drying methods and extraction solvents on anti-amylase activity of selected medicinal plants
Authors:   Department of Science & Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Uva Wellassa University, Sri Lanka, Peries CM , Navarathne SB ,   Department of Food Science & Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayawardenepura, Sri Lanka, Wijesinghe WAJP ,   Department of Export Agriculture, Faculty of Animal Science & Export Agriculture, Uva Wellassa University, Sri Lanka, Henagamage AP ,   Department of Science & Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Uva Wellassa University, Sri Lanka, Cooray R ,   School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Western Australia
Published: April 2021

Presently, there is a blooming recognition in using the herbal medicine to treat the Diabetic mellitus due to the negative side effects of usage in synthetic drugs. The present study was aimed to evaluate the potential of anti-amylase activity of three different leaf extracts of Thebu (Costus speciosus), Kowakka (Coccinia grandis) and Masbadda (Gymnema sylvestre) following different drying techniques i.e; shade drying at room temperature, oven drying at 45 oC and freeze drying. Dried plant leaves were macerated with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol for 24 hours at room temperature separately. Obtained extracts were used to determine the anti- amylase activity. Results revealed that freeze dried ethanolic leaf extracts of all selected species showed the highest anti- amylase activity compared to the other drying methods. Further, there was a significant effect (p <0.05) on the drying techniques and solvents used to extract in inhibition of alpha amylase activity. Freeze dried C. speciosus and C. grandis ethanolic extracts displayed an effective inhibition against alpha amylase with an IC50 value of 4 mg/ml and 4.16 mg/ml respectively. Therefore, this study revealed that the drying methods significantly affected on the inhibition of alpha amylase enzyme. Freeze-drying was the most promising drying method and ethanol was the best solvent in extracting anti-amylase bioactive compounds from leaf extract of C. speciosus, C. grandis and G. sylvestre.
Comparative antioxidant studies of methanol pericarp, mesocarp, seed and whole-fruit extracts and fractions of Citrullus lanatus
Authors:   Associate Professor and Dean, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria, Ettebong EO , Inyang GB ,   Physiologist, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria, Thomas PS ,   Pharmacognosist, Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Medicine, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria, Bassey AIL ,   Associate Professor and Dean, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria, Ubulom PE ,   Associate Professor, Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Uyo, Nigeria
Published: April 2021

Aim: This study evaluated the antioxidant potentials of methanol seed, pericarp, mesocarp, and whole-fruit extracts and fractions of Citrillus lanatus. Methods: Various extracts and fractions (dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and aqueous) of Citrillus lanatus whole-fruit were investigated for 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activities, total phenolic content (TPC) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). Results: In the DPPH assay, the seed extract showed the highest activity (48%) followed by the whole-fruit extract (27%), pericarp (26%) and the mesocarp (22%) at 100 ug/ml. The whole-fruit fractions also showed improved activity with DCM fraction (64%), ethyl acetate (62%), aqueous fraction (46%) and n-butanol (24%) at 100 ug/ml but the activity observed with ascorbic acid, was much higher (84%). The seed extract had the highest phenolic content (14.30 mg) gallic acid equivalents per gram followed by the pericarp (9.58 mg/g), whole-fruit (6.94 mg/g) and mesocarp (2.78 mg/g). The DCM fraction exhibited the highest TPC (78.19 mg/g) followed by ethyl acetate (61.11 mg/g), aqueous (26.66 mg/g) and n-butanol (10.69 mg/g). FRAP assay showed strongest activity with the whole-fruit extract (0.640nm) followed by seed, mesocarp and pericarp extracts. The DCM fraction showed the highest antioxidant potential (0.735nm) followed by ethyl acetate, aqueous and n-butanol fractions but not comparable to ascorbic acid. Conclusion: The results revealed that C. lanatus seeds, pericarp, mesocarp and whole-fruit extracts and fractions contain varying amounts of flavonoids, tannins and phenolic compounds which exhibit potent antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities.
Pharmaceutical and analytical studies on Vanga Bhasma: an updated review
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Dept. of Rasa Shastra & Bhaishjya Kalpana, Babe Ke Ayurvedic Medical College & Hospital, Daudhar, Moga, Punjab, India, Devi Pritika
Published: April 2021

Considering the wide therapeutic properties of metals, Tin is used as therapeutic agent to treat the wide range of diseases like Prameha, Krimi, Pandu, Mutrakricha, Shaweta Pradara, Rakta Pradara, Kalaibya since ancient times. To get precise quality of drug and efficacious results it is important to prepare the Ayurvedic drugs as per classical reference. The numbers of procedures were described by our Rasa Vaidyas for the preparation of Bhasma and so many methods are adopted or adopting our research scholars to prepare the Vanga Bhasma in their study work. Based on reported studies, there is lack of uniformity in pharmaceutical process is an evident. The researchers have adopted different methods and have shown slight variations in pharmaceutical methods, analytical evaluations. The present report encompasses all the different pharmaceutical methods adopted and their analytical outcomes. This present report expected to provide, new needs to researchers working in the area of pharmaceutico therapeutic investigations on Vanga Bhasma.
Informasi Spasial Pendugaan Potensi Ikan Pelagis Kecil di Perairan Tapanuli Tengah dan Sibolga
Authors: Rosmasita Rosmasita , Silalahi Bastian Putrayadi , Ariani Fitri , Situmeang Hasamuel , Novita Berliana
Published: April 2021

Tapanuli Tengah and Sibolga are one of the producers of small pelagic fish in the waters of West Sumatera. Spatial information on estimating the potential of small pelagic fish in the waters of Central Tapanuli and Sibolga is needed to determine the sustainability of the fish and make it easier for fishermen to catch fish. This research was conducted in February-April 2020 by utilizing secondary data from the North Sumatra Province Fisheries and Maritime Service in 2010 - 2015 in the preparation of the Coastal and Small Islands Zoning Plan (RZWP3) in 2016. The result showed the potential of small pelagic fish that exist in Tapanuli Tengah and Sibolga waters there are 18 species with a total volume and value of production, namely: Sibolga is 23,699.2 Tons (Rp.382.45 Billion) and Tapanuli Tengah is 16,921.8 Tons (Rp. 254.37 Billion). Estimation of fish abundance in Tapanuli Tengah and Sibolga waters are classified in Medium and High. The types of fish in Tapanuli Tengah waters are: Restrelinger spp, Selaroides leptolepis, stolephorus commersoni and Mugil Sp. Whereas in Sibolga waters the types of fish that are classified as having high abundance are Stolephorus commersoni, Decafterus ruselli and Dussumeiria spp, while Restrelinger spp and Selaroides leptolepis classified is medium
EFFECT OF CURCUMIN FEEDING IN FEED FOR TREATING JAMBAL SIAM FISH (Pangasius hypopthalmus) INFECTED BACTERIA Aeromonas hydrophila
Authors: Pakpahan Poltak , Syawal Henni , Riauwaty Morina
Published: April 2021

Curcumin is one of the secondary metabolite compounds products that can increase the immune system of fish against bacterial attack. The purpose of this research was to find out the changes in the erythrocytes of a striped fish that were infectious bacteria A. hydrophila and treated with feeding containing curcumin and know the best dose of curcumin extract in the feed. This research was conducted in September to November 2019. The test fish used was the seed of a striped fish that measures 8-10 cm by 150 tails. Method used was the method of experimental and complete random design a factor of 5 levels of treatment and 3 times repeated, the treatment was Kn (feeding without the extract of curcumin and not infected with bacteria A. hydrophila), Kp (feeding without being given curcumin extract and infectious bacteria (A. hydrophila), P1 (addition of curcumin in feed at a dose of 0.7 g/kg), P2 (0.9 g/kg), P3 (of 1.1g/kg). The results shown that P3 treatment was the best treatment with a < 0.05 P where in a total of erythrocytes was 2.46 x 106 cells/mm3. Hemoglobin 9.4 g/dl, hematocrit value of 32.3%, and survival rate was 90%. Curcumin was able to treat fish from an A. hydrophila infection.
Description of Erythrocytes of Striped Catfish (Pangasionodon hypophthalmus) Infected by Edwardsiella tarda Treated with Mango Leaf (Mangifera indica)
Authors: Tungkup Mariana Lumban , Syawal Henni , Riauwaty Morina
Published: April 2021

This research has been carried out from November to December 2019 at the Laboratory of Parasites and Fish Diseases at the Fisheries and Marine Faculty of Riau University. The aim of the study was to obtain the best dose of mango leaf solution for the treatment of striped catfish (P. hypophthalmus) infected with E. tarda, seen from the erythrocyte picture. The method used was an experiment with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) of a factor of five treatment levels and replications three times. Test fish used were striped catfish measuring 8-12 cm, with a total of 150 fish. The treatments used for treatment were 1000 ppm, 1200 ppm, 1400 ppm, negative controls (not infected and not treated), and positive controls (infected and not treated). Parameters measured and observed among others; total erythrocytes, hemoglobin levels, hematocrit values, erythrocyte cell morphology and survival rate. The results showed that apple mango leaf solution (M. indica) was able to treat conjoined striped catfish infected with E. tarda by Emmersion method. The best treatment of 1200 ppm is characterized by an average total erythrocyte, mean total erythrocytes 149.33 x 104 cells / mm3, hemoglobin level 9.03 g / dL, hematocrit value 35.67% and the survival of the test fish after treatment is 86.67%. The results of water quality measurements during the study, namely temperature 27.00-27.46 0C, pH 6.1-6.77, dissolved oxygen 3.53-3.87 mg/L, and ammonia 0.02 mg/L.
Gingival Reshaping Using Provisional Restoration in a Maxillary Anterior Implant - A Case Report
Authors: Karki S , Thapa D , Pandey N
Published: April 2021

Oral implants are regarded as one of the most successful and reliable treatment options for replacing missing tooth/teeth. Various studies have reported that it can be used to meet the functional as well as esthetic demands of missing teeth. The most common indication of oral implants is the replacement of single or multiple teeth to support the denture. While replacing teeth in the esthetic zone, then consideration should be towards creating the right emergence profile. So, replacing a tooth with the implant-supported prosthesis in the anterior region is more challenging as compared to the posterior. With clinical examination, radiographic investigation, and treatment planning good results can be achieved. This case report highlights the placement of a single-tooth dental implant in the anterior region where the emergence profile was created with gingival moulding similar to that of adjacent gingiva using provisionalization.
Codzienność przyszłości, czyli pytanie o życie wieczne
Authors: ZYWERT ALEKSANDRA MARIA
Published: April 2021

W artykule analizowany jest problem nieśmiertelności w kontekście codzienności. W charakterze przykładów przytaczane są przede wszystkim utwory współczesnych rosyjskich pisarzy fantastów i autorów, którzy wykorzystują w swojej twórczości motywy fantastyczne: Władimira Sorokina (Dzień oprycznika, Cukrowy Kreml, Manaraga), Wiktora pielewina (Hełm grozy, Miłosć do trzech Zuckerbrinów), Anny Starobiniec (Żyjący), Borysa Akunina-Grigorija Czchartiszwili (Happy end), Dmitrija Głuchowskiego (FUTU.RE) oraz film Aleksandra Zeldowicza (scenariusz we współautorstwie z Władimirem Sorokinem) Tarcza. Niezależnie od przyjetej konwencji, wszyscy autorzy wskazują, że nieśmiertelność - to pod wieloma wzglęgami przekleństwo ludzkości. Zamiast prób dorównania Bogu, ludzie powinni skupić się na tym, by nie pogubić sie w świecie już istniejącym.
Egzystencjalny wymiar codzienności w twórczości Josifa Brodskiego (esej Полторы комнаты)
Authors: Tarkowska Joanna
Published: April 2021

Jak wiadomo, esej Josifa Brodskiego Полторы комнаты jest przykładem prozy poetyckiej, w której poprzez gęstą sieć filozoficznych rozważań przeświecają autobiograficzne wspomnienia twórcy Рождественского романса. Toteż w niniejszym artykule staramy się z okruchów poetyckiej pamięci złożyć całościowy obraz leningradzkiej codzienności postrzeganej przez poetyckie „ja” z emigracyjnego dystansu, w tym także związanej z daną epoką historyczną, w oczywisty sposób zmetaforyzowanej i powiązanej w swej istocie z egzystencjalnym credo artysty. Ze względu na wielość oraz złożoność tematów i wątków obecnych w twórczości leningradzkiego poety w danym tekście koncentrujemy się jedynie na trzech współrzędnych, naszym zdaniem, wytyczających drogę ku rozumieniu codzienności w jego wydaniu jako niegdysiejszego dziecka żydowskich rodziców, poety i emigranta, tj. Rodzinie, Domu i Mieście. Jak staramy się udowodnić, tytułowy esej Brodskiego jest zobowiązaniem wobec rodziców i tegoż miejsca. Przy tym emigracyjny dystans wyostrza kontury wspomnień, dzięki czemu żywsze stają się w pamięci poety uczucia i miejsca niegdyś powszednie i niezauważalne.
Obraz rosyjskiej codzienności w powieści Tekst Dmitrija Głuchowskiego
Authors: Arciszewska-Tomczak Katarzyna
Published: April 2021

Artykuł Obraz rosyjskiej codzienności w powieści Tekst Dmitrija Głuchowskiego poświęcony jest omówieniu zjawiska rosyjskiej codzienności i jej charakterystyce. Na podstawie sytuacji egzystencjalnej głównego bohatera utworu, Ilji Goriunowa, autor przedstawia konstytuujące rosyjską codzienność kategorie obcości, kontrastu, fatalizmu i pesymistycznego determinizmu. Głuchowski nawiązuje w swojej analizie do szerokiego kontekstu kulturowo-literackiego. W powieści widoczne są czytelne aluzje i cytaty z rosyjskich klasyków: Lwa Tołstoja, Fiodora Dostojewskiego, Iwana Turgieniewa, a także dialog z przedstawicielami współczesnej literatury rosyjskiej.
«Что же она такое, ваша нарратология?» Интервью с Валерием Игоревичем Тюпой
Authors: Ścibior Agnieszka
Published: April 2021

Валерий Игоревич Тюпа (1945 г.) – один из ведущих российских теоретиков литературы и важнейших теоретиков наррации мира, автор свыше 390 научных публикаций в области теории литературы, теории коммуникации и дискурсного анализа, компаративистики, нарратологии, эстетики, риторики, профессор Российского государственного гуманитарного университета в Москве (РГГУ). В области научных интересов Тюпы выстраиваются две основные линии. Первая касается эстетики литературы, вторая – нарратологии. Интервью с исследователем посвящено именно последней линии. Тюпа объясняет, что это современная нарратология и почему она нужна; говорит о взаимосвязи нарратологии с риторикой, о перстективах развития сравнительной нарратологии, о проекте создания исторической нарратологии.
Эсхатологический характер памяти в прозе Владимира Шарова
Authors: Camagni Filippo
Published: April 2021

В настоящей статье подвергается критическому анализу категория памяти в романах Владимира Шарова, таких как: Репетиции (1992), До и во время (1992), Старая девушка (1998), Воскрешение Лазаря (2002) и Будь как дети (2008). Шаров описывает «неомифическую» реальность, в которой художественные герои посредством передачи личных воспоминаний, запечатленных в тексте и передаваемых из поколения в поколение, обретают возможность не только продлить память о себе, но и достичь практического бессмертия. От бумажного дневника, содержащего все мельчайшие детали из жизненного опыта, описанные в хронологическом порядке, до протоколов допросов, которые хранятся в архивах НКВД — текст становится самым важным хранилищем памяти, благодаря которому герои шаровских романов «возвращают к жизни». Анализ произведений Владимира Шарова позволяет подчеркнуть важную эсхатологическую составляющую, на основе которой память отождествлена с бессмертием, а забвение (то есть, полное исчезновение индивидуума из социума) — со смертью.
Powieść "В Советском Союзе не было аддерола" Olgi Breininger z perspektywy autofikcji
Authors: Stryjakowska Anna
Published: April 2021

Celem artykułu jest analiza powieści Olgi Breininger jako pola konstruowania tożsamości autorki.  Metodologiczny fundament dociekań stanowi kategoria autofikcji, rozumiana jako narzędzie samopoznania i autokreacji. Analizę materiału literackiego osadzono w kontekście pozaliterackiej działalności autorki, która pojmowana jest nie jako pewna informacja biograficzna, lecz kolejna, obok twórczości, platforma konstruowania siebie. Interpretacja powieści koncentruje się na protagonistce, doświadczającej kryzysu tożsamości, spowodowanego chronicznym perfekcjonizmem i poczuciem wykorzenienia. Rozważania dotyczą, między innymi, dokonywanych przez bohaterkę operacji pamięci, które odgrywają kluczową rolę w zrozumieniu odczuwanego chaosu egzystencji. Za istotny zabieg literacki uznano konstruowanie narracji jako głosu pokolenia, co wolno rozumieć jako próbę przezwyciężenia poczucia samotności.
Акцентные изменения в современном русском языке (на материале анкетных данных)
Authors: Woch Joanna
Published: April 2021

Цель настоящей статьи – представить в общем плане итоги двухэтапного письменного анкетирования, которое было проведено в 2014 и 2016 годах среди студентов двух университетов: Смоленского государственного университета (г. Смоленск, Российская Федерация) и Брестского государственного университета (г. Брест, Республика Беларусь). Исследование было направлено на получение информации об реальном состоянии акцентной подсистемы русского языка. На основе анкетных данных можно прийти к выводу, что изменения в акцентной системе русского языка реализуются в каждой из групп опрошенных с разной степенью интенсивности. Подавляющее большинство ответов белорусских студентов не отличалось от ответов российских студентов, т.е. акцентные тенденции, наблюдаемые в речи российских опрошенных не отличаются от тенденций, наблюдаемых в речи белорусских студентов.
Utopie nieśmiertelności. Nikołaj Fiodorow i Wasilij Rozanow
Authors: Milczarek Michał
Published: April 2021

UTOPIE NIEŚMIERTELNOŚCI. NIKOŁAJ FIODOROW I WASILIJ ROZANOW

Celem artykułu jest analiza idei nieśmiertelności u dwóch rosyjskich myślicieli: Nikołaja Fiodorowa i Wasilija Rozanowa. Wpierw przedstawiona została filozofia Fiodorowa, który twierdził, że śmierć należy pokonać, a wszystkich zmarłych wskrzesić do życia. Zadanie to Fiodorow pojmował jako kontynuację dzieła Chrystusa i realizację fundamentalnego postulatu chrześcijaństwa — zbawienia człowieka. Następnie omówiona zostaje idea nieśmiertelności u Rozanowa. Odrzucał on chrześcijański wariant nieśmiertelności, próbując zastąpić go własnym projektem, który zakładał zjednoczenie z ponadindywidualnym potokiem życia. Konsekwencją była zgoda na zagładę jednostki. W zakończeniu stwierdzam, że chociaż idee Fiodorowa i Rozanowa wydają się sprzeczne, to w istocie łączy ich uwielbienie życia i pragnienie przezwyciężenia śmierci.
KILKA UWAG NA TEMAT MŁODZIEŃCZEGO STOSUNKU ALEKSANDRA HERCENA DO CHRZEŚCIJAŃSTWA
Authors: Kościołek Anna
Published: April 2021

Artykuł jest próbą przedstawienia młodzieńczych doświadczeń mistycznych Aleksandra Hercena na podstawie Rzeczy minionych i rozmyślań oraz listów do narzeczonej, Natalii Zacharjinej.  W dzieciństwie religijność była tym elementem wychowania pisarza, który potraktowany został powierzchownie. W młodości Hercen przeszedł przez etap mistycyzmu. Te nastroje spowodowane były uczuciem do narzeczonej oraz przyjaźnią z architektem Aleksandrem Witbergiem. Jednak okres mistyczny nie trwał długo. Jako człowiek dojrzały pisarz cechował się sceptycznym, krytycznym podejściem do chrześcijaństwa.
DOŚWIADCZENIE GŁODU: PIOTROGRÓD-LENINGRAD
Authors: Pawletko Beata
Published: April 2021

Czytając wspomnienia, zapiski oblężonych leningradczyków nieraz można natknąć się na informacje dotyczące głodu, jaki zapanował w mieście podczas wojny domowej. Okazuje się, że te dwa doświadczenia graniczne kryją w sobie wiele zatrważających podobieństw, obejmujących m.in. ten sam mechanizm zachowań wobec narastającego głodu. I właśnie z tej perspektywy w artykule podjęto próbę analizy Wspomnień Dmitrija Lichaczowa. Autorka zwraca uwagę na podobieństwa w opisie głodu w Piotrogrodzie i w Leningradzie, ale i różnice, wszak głód w porewolucyjnej Rosji pojawia się w świadectwie Lichaczowa w kontekście wspomnień z dzieciństwa, zaś blokada Leningradu widziana jest oczami dorosłego człowieka – męża, ojca, ale i syna, który w niezmiernie ciekawy sposób rejestruje traumatyczne przemiany ciała i psychiki człowieka oblężonego.
ПОСТЧЕРНОБЫЛЬСКОЕ ИСКУССТВО КАК РАБОТА ГОРЯ
Authors: Żejmo Bożena
Published: April 2021

The objective of the paper is to give an overview of and to analyse the Post-Chernobyl Art, which not only is perceived as an artistic comment on the Chernobyl tragedy but, most of all, as a way of working through the social trauma. The Post-Chernobyl Art is a remarkable panorama of the post-apocalyptic culture (both high and low) oriented toward a reflection on what happened; it is also a story about victims of the tragedy and a warning to the future generations.
ИСТОРИЧЕСКАЯ ПАМЯТЬ КАК ТРАВМА В КРЕСТЬЯНСКИХ АВТОБИОГРАФИЧЕСКИХ НАРРАТИВАХ
Authors: Levkievskaya Elena Evgenjevna
Published: April 2021

В статье сделана попытка проанализировать воображения современных восточных славян об истории XX века в автобиографических повествованиях. В качестве материалов использовались крестьянские автобиографии, дневники, устные рассказы крестьян о жизни. В основе восточнославянских рассказов о прошлом лежит травматическая интерпретация истории. В рассказах о прошлом основное содержание культурных отношений соответствует совокупности личных и коллективных катастроф, говорящих о революции, гражданской войне, коллективизации, репрессиях, Великой Отечественной войне и послевоенном голоде. Этот тип памяти, интерпретирующий прошлое как единство личных и национальных травм, рассматривается в статье как травматическая память.
ROSYJSKA REWOLUCJA W TWÓRCZOŚCI ARKADIJA AWERCZENKI I TEFFI
Authors: Głuszkowski Piotr
Published: April 2021

Nadieżda Teffi i Arkadij Awerczenko to jedni z najbardziej znanych rosyjskich pisarzy-satyryków początku XX wieku. Rewolucja rosyjska zmusiła ich do emigracji. Zarówno Teffi jak Awerczenko wielokrotnie wypowiadali się na temat rewolucji poddając ostrej krytyce bolszewicką Rosję i Związek Sowiecki. Ich emigracyjne utwory są cennym materiałem dla historyków wojny domowej i życia literackiego w Rosji w latach 1917-1920.
ROSYJSKA NARRACJA O II WOJNIE ŚWIATOWEJ W ŚWIETLE KRYZYSU UKRAIŃSKIEGO
Authors: Jaskólski Adam
Published: April 2021

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie podstawowych elementów narracji władz i prorządowych mediów rosyjskich o II wojnie światowej oraz radzieckim zwycięstwie w tejże w świetle kryzysu ukraińskiego i pogorszenia relacji na linii Rosja — Zachód oraz próba odpowiedzi na pytanie, jaką rolę w kształtowaniu tożsamości współczesnego rosyjskiego społeczeństwa pełni pamięć o zwycięstwie ZSRR w II wojnie światowej. Analizie zostały poddane wypowiedzi rosyjskich władz i prokremlowskich mediów z lat 2014-2017.
ПЕРЕВЁРНУТОЕ ОБУЧЕНИЕ: ИНТЕЛЛЕКТ-КАРТА КАК ОСНОВА СОЗДАНИЯ ВИДЕОКУРСА (ИЗ ОПЫТА РАБОТЫ)
Authors: Matczyńska Irena
Published: April 2021

Nauczanie języka obcego wiąże się z problemami, które pojawiają się już na początkowym etapie nauki. W artykule przedstawiono sposoby rozwiązywania niektórych z nich poprzez organizację wybranych elementów procesu dydaktycznego podczas zajęć i poza nimi za pomocą modelu „odwróconej klasy” oraz wykorzystanie autorskich materiałów edukacyjnych (takich jak mapa pamięci, kurs wideo wprowadzający do nauki języka rosyjskiego, materiały wspomagające naukę czytania i sposoby pracy z nimi). W artykule zaprezentowano plany związane z doskonaleniem i rozwojem kursu wideo.
„A ЧТО ТАКОЕ СТИШКИ?” ИЗ ПЕРЕПИСКИ НАДЕЖДЫ МАНДЕЛЬШТАМ С ЛИДИЕЙ ГИНЗБУРГ
Authors: Рубинчик Ольга
Published: April 2021

В центре внимания в этой статье – переписка Надежды Яковлевны Мандельштам с Лидией Яковлевной Гинзбург, относящаяся к 1959–1968 гг. Н.Я. Мандельштам – вдова поэта О.Э. Мандельштама, мемуаристка, эссеистка. Л.Я. Гинзбург – исследователь литературы, прозаик, эссеистка, мемуаристка. Письма Л.Я. Гинзбург вводятся в научный оборот впервые. Статья посвящена одному из нескольких смысловых пластов заочного разговора: спору о сути поэзии и об исследовательских подходах к ней двух великих женщин, обладавших литературным даром и незаурядным опытом.
Examining the associations among moral injury, difficulties with emotion regulation, and symptoms of PTSD, depression, anxiety, and stress among Canadian military members and Veterans: A preliminary study
Authors: Protopopescu Alina , Boyd Jenna E. , O’Connor Charlene , Rhind Shawn G. , Jetly Rakesh , Lanius Ruth A. , McKinnon Margaret C.
Published: April 2021

LAY SUMMARY

Moral injury (MI) refers to the distress experienced when people do, or do not, do something that goes against their morals or values. It can also occur when people perceive that their values have been betrayed. MI is associated with several mental health conditions, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and anxiety. A potential risk factor for MI may include difficulties with emotion regulation (ER). Difficulties with ER refers to the ability to manage emotions. It is associated with the same mental health conditions linked to MI, including PTSD. The purpose of this study was to examine whether difficulties with ER were associated with MI in a Canadian military personnel and Veteran sample. Participants completed several questionnaires assessing for MI, difficulties with ER, and other mental health symptoms, such as PTSD, while they were inpatients at a psychiatric hospital. It was found that MI and perceived betrayals were associated with symptoms of PTSD. Symptoms of PTSD, depression, and anxiety were also associated with one another. Difficulties with ER were also associated with symptoms of PTSD, depression, and anxiety but were not related to MI. The findings serve as a first step in examining potential risk factors of MI.
Assessment of risk factors for the development of simple and complex non-atypical endometrial hyperplasia
Authors: Bykova N. A.
Published: April 2021

Annotation. Goal – to identify and assess the most significant risk factors for the development of simple non-atypical endometrial hyperplasia (SNAEH) and complex non-atypical endometrial hyperplasia (CNAEH) in women. Retrospective analysis of anamnestic data of 58 case histories of patients with SNAEH, 35 case histories of patients with CNAEH and data of 30 women of the control group, which allowed to identify risk factors for hyperproliferative processes of the endometrium (HPE) for research, the statistical significance of which was further assessed by calculating odds ratio (OR). The main feature associated with the risk of SNAEH is heredity – OR = 49.73 (95% CI 2.90–852.32). Significantly increases the risk of developing SNAEH in the presence of thyroid gland lesion (TGL) – OR = 34.97 (95% CI 2.03–601.20). The third in the hierarchical sequence is the polycystic ovary syndrome factor; OR = 25.72 (95% CI 1.488–444.59). Heredity occupies the top of the hierarchical structure in the group of patients with CNAEH. OR is 80.67 (95% CI 4.56–1424.76). A high probability of developing CNAEH is also observed for women over the age of 50 (OR = 32.44 (95% CI 1.82–576.56). In third place – the presence of TGL, which significantly increases the risk of developing CNAEH; OR = 28.63 (95% CI 1.60–510.56) Identification of statistically significant risk factors for the development of HPE will help to identify risk groups among the population, to carry out preventive measures among them (lifestyle adjustments, treatment of concomitant diseases) and decrease the incidence of the HPE.
Methods of simultaneous laparoscopic treatment of gallstone disease with inguinal hernia and their effectiveness
Authors: Halei M. , Dzubanovsky I. , Marchuk I.
Published: April 2021

Annotation. Aim of work – to define and evaluate visualization and ergonomics during single laparoscopic operations and simultaneous laparoscopic operations for gallstone disease and inguinal hernia. Identify the advantages and disadvantages of techniques. Assess whether our method affects ergonomics during surgery. The design of the study formed as retrospective comparative study with the control and research groups was used for evaluation and analysis. To form groups, a statistical database was used, which included 411 patients treated in VRSH MISD. Ergonomic parameters were analyzed and compared, such as the distance between the surgeon's hands, deviations depending on the patient's physique, the angle between the manipulators, the distance of approach to the target. Null hypothesis technique used, Pearson analysis, Tukey, Mann-Whitney. It is established that the angle between the main working tools 68.64±4.68o [64–73o] against 57.29±6.764o [44–65o] (p <0.001); the visualization area was 12.17±4.43 cm2 against 9.54±2.27 cm2 (p<0.001*); in the first and second groups, respectively; the average distance of the laparoscope approaching the operating area is greater when using a laparoscope with a 30o – viewing angle which is 3.84±0.37 cm [3.4–4.2] and 3.34±0.728 cm [2.5–4.5] for our own and French methods 3.21±0.24 cm [3.0–3.5] vs. 3.41±0.478 cm [2.7–4.1] at an angle of 0o). Performing a simultaneous laparoscopic intervention does not have any significant effect on the imaging and ergonomics during surgery. The technique allows to perform surgical treatment of inguinal hernia and cholecystolithiasis at one time without worsening of ergonomics. The technique found out in VRSH MISD is sufficiently effective and usable.
Dynamics of neurospecific enolase as a leading marker in determining the functional state of the blood-brain barrier in patients with metabolic coma
Authors: Deyneko M. O.
Published: April 2021

Annotation. Determining the pathogenetic mechanism of disturbance of consciousness, coma, at the stage of admission of the patient to the intensive care unit is an important point in determining the features of the algorithm of treatment of such patients. The aim of this study was to determine the mechanisms of the primary cause of loss of consciousness (coma) in the acute period of its course and to assess the effectiveness of pathogenetically sound intensive care since the patient's admission to the clinic. We examined 60 patients with coma of neurotropic metabolic (secondary) origin, who were additionally prescribed substances with antioxidant, vasoprotective and energy-protective effects in the algorithm of intensive care. Mean normal values of neurospecific enolase levels were obtained in 20 volunteers. The functional state of the blood-brain barrier was determined on the 1st, 3rd and 10th day of treatment. Ceruloplasmin solution and D-fructose-1,6-diphosphate sodium salt were found to be pathogenetically significant in determining the effects of treatment in patients with metabolic coma.
Errors in the diagnosis of syphilitic infection
Authors: Bondar S. A. , Nalizhitiy A. A. , Garmash L. L. , Pichkur O. M. , Kachula S. O.
Published: April 2021

Annotation. Syphilis remains one of the infections of particular concern worldwide, being one of the most important medical and social problems. Scientists' reports and WHO data show an increase in the incidence of sexually transmitted diseases. Syphilitic infection is still a pressing problem in Ukraine. Because syphilis facilitates the transmission of HIV and STIs, a comprehensive model for the prevention of HIV, STIs, and syphilis at the same time is needed. This requires the health authorities to strengthen treatment and prevention measures, among which an important role is to improve the skills of doctors in modern clinics and early diagnosis of luteal infection. Mistakes made by doctors are one of the reasons for the spread of infection, the development of severe, often disabling lesions of the patient’s internal organs and nervous system. The purpose of the work is to improve the diagnosis of syphilitic infection, which contributes to the effective fight against the spread of syphilis in Ukraine. 4 cases of syphilis in patients who applied to the Vinnytsia Regional Clinical Dermatological and Venereological Dispensary and were consulted by the staff of the Department of Dermatology and Venereal Diseases of National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya, they were verified the diagnosis of syphilis and received specific treatment. During the examination of patients with syphilis with clinical manifestations of infection by doctors of various profiles in 14% of patients, the true disease remained undiagnosed. The analysis of diagnostic errors of syphilis in the primary period, when patients with classic manifestations of syphilitic infection visited 4–6 doctors of different profiles. The errors made by doctors were divided as follows: dermatovenereologists – 21%, surgeons – 26%, obstetricians and gynecologists – 22%, physicians – 19%, oncologists, dentists and other specialists – 12%. Thus, timely diagnosis of syphilitic infection is one of the most important points in a set of national measures to combat this infection.
Significance of erythrocyte hemolysis in determining the prognosis of burn injury
Authors: Fadeev P. V. , Grishchenko A. V.
Published: April 2021

Annotation. Red blood cells are one of the first cellular structures that respond to thermal damage to the body. Thus, reactive oxygen species play an important role in the activation of complement and damage to erythrocyte cell membranes (intravascular hemolysis) during thermal injury. Based on the increased death of erythrocytes in the first days after burns, burn anemia can be observed, which, as a rule, refers to hemolytic. In severe burn shock, up to 20-30% of circulating erythrocytes are destroyed on the first day. The aim of the work is to reduce the frequency of complications of severe burn injuries in patients with erythrocyte microcirculation disorders in the capillary bed by applying an algorithm aimed at improving their architectonics and functional status. We examined 96 patients with burn injuries with a Frank index of 31–60, which consisted of 3 groups (32 patients in each), which differed in the composition of the intensive care unit: group I – treatment of patients was carried out according to the generally accepted protocol of the medical institution; group II – to the main complex of intensive care was added the appointment of a solution of ceruloplasmin intravenously, group III – in addition to the main complex of intensive care was prescribed a solution of D-fructose-1,6-diphosphate sodium salt of hydrate intravenously. The criterion for assessing the effect of treatment on the course of burn disease was to determine the level of free hemoglobin in the blood plasma, which was determined by the benzidine method. The significance of the obtained data was checked using Student’s t-test with the calculation of the Fisher Snedecor test. Data were obtained that the additional introduction of a solution of D-fructose-1,6-diphosphate sodium salt of hydrate into the complex of intensive therapy has a protective effect on the membrane of erythrocytes, promotes its stabilization, reduces the negative effect of lipid peroxidation and increases its resistance to violations of the rheological properties of blood. The appointment of this substance contributed to the acceleration of the restoration of the functional state of erythron, a decrease in the severity of intravascular hemolysis, and an improvement in the general condition of patients. Damage to erythrocyte cell membranes and impairment of functional status require further research.
Participation of M. I. Pirogov in the work of the Medical Council of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the medical commission at the Ministry of Public Education
Authors: Kovalenko L. G. , Antoshchuk K. F. , Yukalchuk M. I.
Published: April 2021

Annotation. This article is about M. I. Pyrohov’s participation in the activity of Medical Board of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Medical Interim Committee at the Ministry of Health, about graduate medical education reform in the Russian Empire, the establishment of the Medical Department in St. Volodymyr Kyiv University.
Redes neurais convolucionais aplicas à negociação de ativos no mercado financeiro
Authors:   , Nascimento D. G.
Published: April 2021

Stock market forecasting has been a quite popular challenge in machine learning researches. Most investors want to make decisions based on criteria that will provide greater returns in their operations. Recently, studies have been using Deep Learning techniques, such as Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), to perform price regression or trade signal classification in financial market. In this work, a system architecture that uses a CNN model is proposed to perform the indication of the best operation for each moment in the stock market, this system was called CNN Trading Classifier (CNN-TC). This system consists of data pre-processing, classification by the model and decision making in the market. It was evaluated based on data from the Brazilian and American stock market in three different periods. For this, statistical evaluation was performed, using the metrics of accuracy, precision, recall and F1 classification, and financial based on the classifications performed by the model. In addition, a test on a simulated environment using the MetaTrader software was evaluated in order to attest to the effectiveness of this approach. The results show that the system had better statistical and financial results in most evaluations compared to the use of other Deep Learning models and overcame the strategy Buy and Hold (BH) and fixed income returns
Review of Unsafe Changes in the Practice of Cesarean Section with Analysis of Flaws in the Interpretation of Statistics and the Evidence
Authors: SHOLAPURKAR Shashikant L , SHOLAPURKAR Shashikant L
Published: April 2021

Cesarean section is the commonest major operation. Unfortunately, many recent practice-changes have been rushed based on flawed interpretation limited data that are debated in this review. The discussion includes non-closure of the peritoneum, the 39-week rule for elective cesarean, incorrect implementation of four-category urgency classification, and abdominal entry with excessive blunt force. It took NASA two fatal space-shuttle disasters over 18 years to change its culture of dismissing reasoning and observations in addition to numerical data. Reasoning becomes even more important when there is emerging data, especially in soft sciences like medicine. This review discusses flawed science behind the change to “non-closure of peritoneum” in details (and other changes briefly). This practice change was based on narrow mistaken considerations and solely on statistical significance, studying irrelevant short-term outcomes like increased requirement of analgesia. Several statistical mistakes in interpreting this evidence with wider applications are discussed. This weak/flawed evidence has been subsequently disproven by large randomized controlled trials. Small reduction in operating time should never have been a consideration. The merit of hypothesis favoring peritoneal closure to prevent adhesions is very strong to begin with. More importantly, the meta-analysis of available studies shows that closing peritoneum significantly reduces the formation of adhesions, particularly the severe ones. Extensive adhesion of uterus to the abdominal wall is relatively rare to reach statistical significance in small studies but is clinically highly significant due to operative complications. The rushed mistaken recommendation of non-closure of peritoneum should not have been made. However, reversing these changes is perceived as admitting errors, and there is simply no interest in doing so with detriment of the patients. Guidelines should now change their advice on many important aspects of cesarean, as discussed in this review.