bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Temperature-dependent hypoxia tolerance of purple sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus across biogeography and ontogeny
Authors: Duncan MI , Micheli F , Marquez JA , Lowe CJ , Hamilton SL , Sperling EA
Published: April 2024

Ocean warming is increasing organismal oxygen demand, yet at the same time the ocean’s oxygen supply is decreasing. For a patch of habitat to remain viable, there must be a minimum level of environmental oxygen available for an organism to fuel its metabolic demand—quantified as its critical oxygen partial pressure (pO2crit). The temperature-dependence of pO2crit sets an absolute lower boundary on aerobically viable ocean space for a species, yet whether certain life stages or geographically distant populations differ in their temperature-dependent hypoxia tolerance remains largely unknown. To address these questions, we used the purple sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus as a model species and measured pO2crit for 3 populations of adult urchins (Clallam Bay, WA [n = 39], Monterey Bay, CA [91], San Diego, CA [34]) spanning 5-22°C and for key embryonic and larval developmental phases (blastula [n = 11], gastrula [21], prism [31], early-pluteus [21], late-pluteus [14], settled [12]) at temperatures of 10-19°C. We found that temperature-dependent hypoxia tolerance is consistent among adult populations exposed to different temperature and oxygen regimes, despite variable basal oxygen demands, suggesting differential capacity to provision oxygen. Moreover, we did not detect evidence for a hypoxia tolerance bottleneck for any developmental phase. Earlier larval phases are associated with higher hypoxia tolerance and greater temperature sensitivity, while this pattern shifts towards lower hypoxia tolerance and reduced temperature sensitivity as larvae develop. Our results indicate that, at least for S. purpuratus, models quantifying aerobically viable habitat based on pO2crit-temperature relationships from a single adult population will conservatively estimate viable habitat.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Jigsaw Terhadap Hasil Belajar Pendidikan Agama Islam
Authors: Aziz Abdul , Zulfikri M. Adhi , Romdhoni Syahru , Putra Purnama
Published: April 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of the type of jigsaw cooperative learning model method on learning outcomes of Islamic Education in the material closer to Allah SWT, whose name is very beautiful. The research method used was experimental one group pretest-posttest design and the data
used was quantitative data. The subjects of this study were students of class V SDN Sumberreja 02. With a total of 30 students consisting of 18 boys and 12 girls. The results of the study were obtained using the Jigsaw type cooperative learning model. The results of data analysis techniques using the t test formula on the pretest and posttest data. The results showed t count 10,6086 > t tabel 2,0484. Thus Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted, which means that there is an effect of the cooperative learning model on learning outcomes of Islamic education
Optimizing the Solvent-to-Coffee Ratio for Caffeine Extraction from Arabica Kintamani Coffee Beans using Ethyl Acetate: A Comprehensive Study
Authors: Sihombing Rony
Published: April 2024

This paper studies the best ratio of solvent-to-coffee for getting caffeine from Arabica Kintamani coffee beans. It wants to find the optimal ratio that gives the highest caffeine amount and improves the efficiency and quality of extraction. No previous studies have explored the best ratio of Kintamani Arabica coffee beans to ethyl acetate solvent for extracting caffeine. The paper explains the method used, which has four main steps: preparing materials, extracting and measuring caffeine, and analyzing the results. The paper presents the experimental findings and discusses how different ratios affect caffeine content in Arabica Kintamani coffee beans. It uses statistics to show significant differences between the ratios and compares them using Tukey tests. The paper concludes that the best solvent-to-coffee ratio for maximizing caffeine in ethyl acetate extracts is 1:5, resulting in a concentration of 1930.9 ppm. This ratio gives the best balance between caffeine yield and solvent usage.
The Psychological Significance of the Social Services Situation on Improving Municipal Communication in Social Policy
Authors: Mandys Jan , Kovářová Barbora , Maštálka Martin
Published: April 2024

The paper aimed to show the psychological significance of a functional social system at the local level in the context that a functional network of social services improves the quality of life in a community. The problem was discussed using the case of an analysis of social service providers in a particular municipality. Citizen satisfaction is a key objective of public policy and the goal of every human individual is to move towards satisfaction with his or her life. An accessible social network improves the subjective perception of their problems among residents who find themselves in a difficult social situation. The task of local government is then to provide sufficient social service options to communicate with its citizens. The analysis carried out showed the limits and challenges for the future direction of the social network. This must necessarily mean improving the communication strategy of the municipality as a guarantor of social policy. At the center of this effort is the user of social services or the citizen who is a potential future user.
Assessing Crime Effect on Employment Rate and Job Creation in Maryland: A Quantitative Study
Authors: Adigun, MBA, PMP Akinola J. , Hyatt, Ph.D.* Ann-Marie
Published: April 2024

This article presents a comprehensive examination of the relationship between crime rate, employment levels, and job creation in the state of Maryland. Utilizing data from state and federal agencies spanning from September 2018 to August 2023, the researcher conducted a rigorous quantitative correlational test. The study's key finding is the absence of a significant correlation between crime, employment, and job creation. Moreover, the study reveals that the correlation coefficient was notably impacted by the job losses in Maryland during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Pengembangan modul ajar berbasis problem based learning untuk memfasilitasi kemampuan representasi matematis peserta didik fase E
Authors: Azzahra Hela , Yuanita Putri , Armis Armis
Published: April 2024

Kemampuan representasi matematis merupakan salah satu kemampuan matematis yang harus dimiliki peserta didik dalam pembelajaran matematika. Namun, berdasarkan wawancara dan tes awal diketahui bahwa kemampuan representasi matematis peserta didik tergolong rendah sehingga diperlukan rancangan pembelajaran yang mampu memfasilitasi kemampuan tersebut. Pengembangan modul ajar berbasis Problem Based Learning pada konten ukuran penyebaran data untuk peserta didik fase E yang berkriteria valid dan praktis merupakan tujuan penelitian ini. Modul ajar disertai dengan LKPD dan Asesmen yang terdiri dari asesmen diagnostik, asesmen formatif dan asesmen sumatif. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan (R&D) dengan model 4D. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah lembar validasi dan angket respons peserta didik. Validasi modul ajar dilakukan oleh tiga orang validator dan selanjutnya direvisi sesuai saran dari validator. Dilakukan One to one evaluation setelah lembar kerja peserta didik (LKPD) dinyatakan memenuhi kriteria valid setelah validasi. Setelah itu dilakukan uji coba Small group, dan Field test untuk melihat praktikalitas modul ajar.  Berdasarkan hasil validasi, diperoleh nilai rata – rata untuk setiap modul ajar berkategori sangat valid. Berdasarkan hasil uji coba small group dan  field test diperoleh modul ajar telah memenuhi syarat kepraktisan.
PRENATAL KONFORUN TRAVMATİK DOĞUM ALGISINA ETKİSİ
Authors: Taşkın Rumeysa , Kanbur Ayla , Akpınar Gamze
Published: April 2024

Araştırmanın amacı, gebelerde prenatal konforun travmatik doğum algısına etkisinin incelenmesidir. Kesitsel türde olan araştırmanın verileri Nisan-Eylül 2023 tarihleri arasında toplanmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini, dahil edilme kriterlerini taşıyan ve üçüncü trimesterde bulunan 233 gebe oluşturmuştur. Verilerin toplanması aşamasında tanıtıcı bilgi formu, prenatal konfor ölçeği ve travmatik doğum algısı ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizi SPSS 27.0 paket programı kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Gebelerin travmatik doğum algısı puan ortalamasının 86.25±25.58 olduğu ve gebelerin %41.2’sinin yüksek düzeyde travmatik doğum algısına sahip olduğu bulunmuştur. Gebelerin prenatal konfor puan ortalamasının 64.52±9.85 ile iyi düzeyde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Prenatal konfor ile travmatik doğum algısı arasında anlamlı ilişki saptanmamıştır. Gebelerin prenatal konfor puan ortalaması ile gebenin yaşı, eğitim durumu, gebelik sayısı, gebeliğin planlı olma durumu ve multipar olma arasında anlamlı bir fark olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Ayrıca travmatik doğum algısı ile gebenin yaşı, eğitim durumu, gebelik sayısı, multipar olma durumu, son doğum deneyimi ve mevcut gebeliğin tanımı arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Gebelerin iyi düzeyde prenatal konfora sahip olduğu, ancak travmatik doğum algılarının oldukça yüksek olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ebelerin, klinik ortamda, gebelerin travmatik doğum algısını azaltacak ve prenatal konforlarını arttıracak girişimleri planlaması ve uygulaması önemlidir.
KRONİK HASTALIĞI OLAN YAŞLI BİREYLERİN AĞRI DÜZEYİ VE İLAÇ UYUMU: KESİTSEL ÇALIŞMA
Authors: Semerci Çakmak Vahide , Sönmez Sarı Ebru
Published: April 2024

Bu çalışma kronik hastalığı olan yaşlı bireylerin ilaç uyumu, ağrı düzeyi ve ağrı düzeyini etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesi amacıyla kesitsel tipte yapıldı. Çalışmaya 154 yaşlı birey dahil edildi. Veriler Hasta Tanıtım Formu, Geriatrik Ağrı Ölçeği ve İlaç Uyumunu Bildirim Ölçeği ile toplandı. Verilerin analizinde sayı, yüzde, ortalama, standart sapma, minimum ve maksimum değerler gibi tanımlayıcı istatistikler, Independent samples t test, One-Way ANOVA ve çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizi kullanıldı. Yaş ortalaması 71.82±5.78 olan katılımcıların, %56.5’i erkek, %43.5’i ilkokul mezunu, çoğu hipertansiyon (%68.8) ve diyabet (%40.3) hastasıdır. Yaşlı bireylerin İlaç Uyumunu Bildirim Ölçeği toplam puanı 19.73±5.38 ve Geriatrik Ağrı Ölçeği puanı 53.33±27.68’dir. Modele dahil edilen değişkenlerden; cinsiyet, eğitim durumu, hastalık sayısı ve ağrı kesici kullanma durumu değişkenlerinin geriatrik ağrı düzeyini etkilediği (p
A Study of Correlative Modeling on Viscosity for Some Organic Binary Liquid Systems
Authors: Md. Niamat Ullah  , Hasan Mahmud Ornok  , Sharmin Sultana  , M. Mehedi Hasan Rocky  , I Chowdhury Faisal , Shamim Akhtar
Published: April 2024

In order to systematically investigate the correlating capability of viscosity models, six well-known correlative models of Grunberg-Nissan (GN), Hind (HND), Heric (HRC), Ausländer (AUS) for dynamic viscosity, η, and McAllister 3-body (MAC3) and McAllister 4-body (MAC4) for kinematic viscosity, ν, were employed and tested for viscosity data of 83 organic binary liquid systems consisting of 33 different aromatic hydrocarbons (ArH), alkanes (RH), cycloalkanes (CyRH) and alkanols (ROH). Keeping ArH as a common component and increasing the chain length of other components, the systems were categorized as Category 1: ArH + RH, Category 2: ArH + CyRH, Category 3: ArH + ArH and Category 4: ArH + ROH. For all the models fitting parameters along with the statistical parameters such as SPD σ(%), ASPD σ(%), OASPD σ(%) and GOASPD σ(%) were computed by the  Nonlinear Least Squares Minimization (NLSM) technique with the ‘Solver’ add-in package. Among the four categories, Category 3, OASPD, σ(%) values lie between 0.16 and 0.21, indicating that all the models fitted extremely well. However, for dynamic viscosities, the η AUS model demonstrated the best correlating capabilities with GOASPD σ(%) of 0.48, while the HND model performed the poorest with GOASPD σ(%) at 3.8. For the kinematic viscosities, ν in both the MAC3 and MAC4 models yielded satisfactory results with GOASPD σ(%) as < 1.0 %.
Ethical Opinions Regarding Genetic Engineering
Authors: Eren Çağan
Published: April 2024

Genetic engineering is one of the most ethically controversial scientific principles of human history. Biologists, philosophers, experts and even people that have different jobs, each have their own unique opinion on the subject. It is a known fact that public attitudes are one of the key determinants in the development of a research topic. Based on this fact, we can say that these controversies slow the development of genetic engineering. In this article, opinions that have found a place in academia and ethical concerns about different areas of genetic engineering will be discussed.
Studi Kejadian Stunting pada Anak yang Ditinjau dari Aspek Biologi Molekuler: Literature Review
Authors: Suryanis Ira
Published: April 2024

Stunting adalah masalah gizi kronis pada balita yang ditandai dengan panjang badan yang lebih pendek dibandingkan dengan anak seusianya. Anak yang menderita stunting lebih rentan terhadap penyakit dan ketika dewasa berisiko mengidap penyakit degeneratif. Dampak stunting juga mempengaruhi kecerdasan anak yang akhirnya mempengaruhi tingkat pengembangan SDM di Indonesia. Faktor resiko stunting terkait Faktor Hereditary memainkan peran utama sebanyak 80%. Peneliti sajikan hasilnya dalam ringkasan naratif, biasanya digunakan dalam tinjauan sistematis. Untuk mengidentifikasi determinan stunting anak di dunia berdasarkan studi molekuler, kami lakukan pencarian kata kunci di PubMed, PubMed Central (PMC), dan Web of Ilmu. Untuk PubMed dan PMC. Masih tingginya kasus stunting di Indonesia dikaitkan dengan masih rendahnya penelitian stunting ke arah biologi molekuler, diharapakan adanya penatalaksanaan dalam penurunan percepatan stunting kearah preventif medice melalui pendekatan biologi molekuer. Perlu penelitian lebih lanjut terkait dengan faktor herditas, genetik, dan protein lain sebagai biomarker stunting dan adanya pengaruh defisiensi hormon pertumbuhan yang lebih besar berkontribusi pada kejadian stunting.
Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Pengendalian Tekanan Darah Pasien Hipertensi Usia 15-64 Tahun
Authors: Muharany Raden Roro Ariesna , Hadiwiardjo Yanti Harjono , Bahar Meiskha , Nugrohowati Nunuk
Published: April 2024

Pendahuluan: Hipertensi merupakan penyakit tidak menular yang menjadi permasalahan penyebab kematian terbesar dengan prevalensi tertinggi di provinsi DKI Jakarta sebesar 13,4%. Kejadian hipertensi di wilayah Puskesmas Kecamatan Makasar mencapai 4.986 kasus pada bulan Januari - Oktober tahun 2022. Terdapat 3 faktor yang akan diteliti yaitu pengetahuan, sikap, dan kepatuhan minum obat. Tujuan penelitian: untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat pengetahuan, sikap, dan kepatuhan minum obat terhadap pengendalian tekanan darah pasien hipertensi usia 15-64 tahun di Puskesmas Kecamatan Makasar tahun 2022. Metode: Penelitian menggunakan desain studi cross sectional dengan populasi penelitian pasien hipertensi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kecamatan Makasar. Sampel sebanyak 71 responden diambil dengan teknik consecutive sampling. Kriteria inklusi adalah pasien hipertensi usia 15-64 tahun yang telah mendapatkan pengobatan antihipertensi dan memiliki data rekam medis 3 bulan terakhir (Agustus, September, dan Oktober) di Puskesmas Kecamatan Makasar tahun 2022. Kriteria eksklusi berupa riwayat penyakit kronik, kebiasaan merokok, mengonsumsi alkohol, dan melakukan aktivitas ringan. Pengambilan data dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner dan data rekam medis. Analisis statistik menggunakan uji chi-square dengan nilai p<0,05. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara pengetahuan (p-value = 0,04; OR = 37,200; 95%CI = 3,243 - 426,674), sikap (p-value = 0,022; OR = 15,273; 95%CI = 1,451 - 160,732), dan kepatuhan minum obat (p-value = 0,028; OR = 13,750; 95%CI = 1,314 - 143,852) terhadap pengendalian tekanan darah pasien hipertensi usia 15-64 tahun di Puskesmas Kecamatan Makasar tahun 2022. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan bermakna atau signifikan antara tingkat pengetahuan, sikap, dan kepatuhan minum obat terhadap pengendalian tekanan darah pasien hipertensi usia 15-64 tahun yang berarti tingkat pengetahuan tinggi, sikap baik, dan kepatuhan minum obat yang tinggi dapat mempengaruhi tekanan darah terkendali.
Hubungan Daya Tahan Kardiovaskular dan Aktivitas Fisik terhadap Tekanan Darah Mahasiswa Usia 18-21
Authors: Ananda Regita Siska , Citrawati Mila , Hadiwiardjo Yanti Harjono , Widyawardani Nugrahayu
Published: April 2024

Pendahuluan: Indonesia memiliki data kejadian hipertensi menurut Riskesdas pada tahun 2018 dengan penduduk berusia lebih dari 18 tahun yaitu sebesar 34,11%, dan DKI Jakarta sebagai provinsi dengan kejadian peningkatan prevalensi hipertensinya tertinggi merupakan awalan bagi generasi selanjutnya untuk mulai memahami bahwa penting menjaga kondisi tubuh dari terjadinya peningkatan tekanan darah. Tekanan darah dapat dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor baik yang tidak dapat di kontrol dan dapat di kontrol, salah satu contoh faktor yang dapat di kontrol adalah ketahanan kardiovaskular dan aktivitas fisik. Aktivitas fisik yang dilakukan secara rutin dapat mencegah meningkatnya tekanan darah melalui mekanisme melebarnya pembuluh darah dan proses pembakaran lemak di pembuluh darah jantung dan aliran darah akan lencar. Daya tahan kardiovaskular adalah mampunya sistem paru, jantung, dan pembuluh darah dalam bekerjasama untuk mengangkut dan memberikan oksigen pada sel agar digunakan untuk metabolisme tubuh yang hasilnya dimanfaatkan untuk beraktivitas dalam waktu yang panjang tanpa kelelahan yang berarti. Maka dari itu, seseorang dengan daya tahan kardiovaskular yang baik maka kualitas aktivitas fisiknya baik ringan atau berat tidak akan membuat seseorang tersebut mengalami kelelahan yang berarti. Tujuan penelitian: Mengetahui hubungan daya tahan kardiovaskular dan aktivitas fisik dengan tekanan darah mahasiswa usia 18-21 tahun. Metode: Penelitian ini berjenis analitik obervasional yang menggunakan pendekatan secara potong lintang atau cross sectional. Proses penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Oktober hingga November tahun 2022 dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 78 orang yang telah memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Subjek penelitian diambil dengan metode probability cara simple random sampling. Analisis data setelah dilakukannya pengambilan data menggunakan uji alternatif Fisher. Hasil: Penggunaan uji alternatif Fisher dalam menganalisis hubungan akibat tidak terpenuhinya ketentuan untuk uji Chi-square menunjukan nilai p = 0,038 bagi hubungan daya tahan kardiovaskular dan tekanan darah, begitu juga untuk aktivitas fisik, dengan makna terdapatnya hubungan antara daya tahan kardiovaskular dan aktivitas fisik terhadap tekanan darah. Kesimpulan: Terdapatnya hubungan antara daya tahan kardiovaskular dan aktivitas fisik terhadap tekanan darah menunjukan terdapatnya manfaat dari melatih daya tahan kardiovaskular dan melakukan aktivitas fisik sebagai bentuk preventif peningkatan tekanan darah. Melakukan hal seperti berjalan kaki, jogging, bersepeda, dan kegiatan sederhana lainnya dapat melatih tubuh untuk beradaptasi dalam melakukan kegiatan sehari-hari agar tidak mudah mengalami lelah yang berarti dan menyebabkan peningkatan tekanan.
Nevus Unius Lateris with Hemophilia: A rare case report
Authors: Murastami Ammarilis , Fiqnasyani Siti Efrida , Widyastuti Zilpa , Dharmawan Nugrohoaji
Published: April 2024

Latar Belakang: Nevus Unius Lateris (NUL) adalah kelainan bawaan jaringan kulit langka, ditandai distribusi lesi unilateral mengikuti garis Blaschko. Lesi ditemukan pada tahun pertama kehidupan dengan bercak coklat kekuningan, batas yang jelas, dan permukaan verukosa. Pemeriksaan multidisiplin dianjurkan untuk menegakkan diagnosis dan memberikan penatalaksanaan yang tepat. Terapi bertujuan untuk mengangkat dan menghancurkan lesi hiperkeratosis dengan pembedahan/non-pembedahan. Elektrokauter dapat menjadi pilihan untuk membantu mencegah perdarahan setelah operasi dermatologis, terutama hemofilia. Kasus: Tn. A, 24 tahun, pekerjaan wiraswasta, datang dengan keluhan utama beberapa plak yang meninggi di belakang lehernya. Keluhan pertama muncul sebagai bintik pada usia 6 tahun dan naik perlahan, dan menyebar luas. Pasien memiliki riwayat hemofilia A. Pemeriksaan dermatologis, beberapa nodul verukosa hiperpigmentasi bertangkai dengan batas teratur, garis yang jelas tersusun secara linier mengikuti garis Blaschko di daerah coli posterior. Hasil pemeriksaan dermoskopi menunjukkan pola sirkular hiperpigmentasi dengan struktur epidermis eksofitik dan pola serebriform. Pemeriksaan histopatologi menunjukkan hiperkeratosis, akantosis, papilomatosis minimal, dan deposit melanin dengan kepadatan ringan-sedang. Pasien didiagnosis dengan nevus unius lateris dan diterapi bedah listrik. Pasien diberikan antibiotik sistemik oral dan analgesik selama lima hari setelah prosedur dan disarankan untuk kontrol pada hari ketiga, dan pengangkatan jahitan dilakukan pada hari ketujuh. Kesimpulan: Beberapa perawatan medis dan bedah telah dicoba, tetapi tidak ada pengobatan yang ideal atau dapat diterima secara universal. Namun, kekambuhan dapat terjadi berbulan-bulan atau bertahun-tahun setelah pengangkatan lesi dengan metode apa pun. Terapi dengan bedah listrik dapat dipilih untuk membantu mencegah perdarahan yang mungkin terjadi setelah prosedur melalui target hemostasis dan untuk kerusakan jaringan superfisial.
Peranan Imunohistokimia dalam Menentukan Origin dari Carcinoma of Unknown Primary Origin pada Kasus Massa Intra-abdomen
Authors: Addina Rina , Hilbertina Noza
Published: April 2024

Pendahuluan : Carcinoma of Unknown Primary Origin (CUP) adalah kelompok kanker yang heterogen yang didefinisikan oleh adanya penyakit metastasis tanpa tumor primer yang teridentifikasi pada presentasi awal. Pemeriksaan Imunohistokimia (IHK) harus digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi asal jaringan. Laporan Kasus : Kami melaporkan sebuah kasus CUP pada laki-laki berusia 52 tahun dengan keluhan benjolan di perut sejak 2 bulan sebelum masuk rumah sakit. Pemeriksaan computerized tomography (CT) Scan memberikan kesan Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor (GIST), tidak tampak massa pada traktus gastrointestinal, hepar,vesika felea, lien, ginjal, vesika urinaria dan prostat. Tindakan laparatomi dilakukan, pemeriksaan makroskopik didapatkan jaringan berukuran 24 cm x 22 cm x 6 cm, penampang putih kecoklatan. Pemeriksaan mikroskopik didapatkan kesan suatu GIST. Pemeriksaan IHK memperlihatkan ekspresi negatif untuk antibodi DOG1, CD117, CK7, CDX2, HepPar1 dan ekspresi positif untuk antibodi CK19 dan CD10. Kesimpulan : Penegakan diagnosis kasus ini berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan fisik, radiologis, pemeriksaan histopatologi dan pemeriksaan lanjutan dengan IHK menyingkirkan GIST dan mengkonfirmasi origin hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) berdasarkan ekspresi CK19 dan CD10. Hepatocellular carcinoma memiliki prognosis yang buruk jika positif terhadap pulasan CK19 (>5% sel tumor). Pemeriksaan IHK sangat dibutuhkan pada tumor dengan lokasi dan morfologi yang tidak jelas.
Hubungan Sanitasi Lingkungan, Pola Asuh dan Pola Makan dengan Kejadian Stunting pada Balita di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Sijunjung
Authors: Sari Yance Komela , Saputra Nopan - , Ajani Anggra Trisna
Published: April 2024

Pendahuluan: Stunting adalah sebuah kondisi dimana tinggi badan seseorang lebih pendek dibanding tinggi badan orang lain pada umumnya yang seusia. Angka kejadian stunting di Kabupaten Sijunjung sebesar 30,1%. Kabupaten Sijunjung terdapat air yang keruh dan berwarna. Fenomena ini dapat menjadi factor penyebab terjadinya stunting. Begitu juga dengan sanitasi, pola asuh dan pola makan. Tujuan Penelitian: untuk melihat hubungan air, sanitasi, pola asuh dan pola makan dengan kejadian stunting pada balita. Metode: Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif metode non eksperimental dengan pendekatan korelasional. Adapun desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross sectional . Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 30 orang. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji statistic Chi-Square. Hasil: Hasil penelitian pada sanitasi lingkungan responden  yang paling banyak adalah baik dengan persentase 66,7%. pola asuh  yang paling banyak dilakukan adalah pola asuh demokratis dengan persentase 83,3%. pola makan pada balita  yang paling banyak adalah tepat dengan persentase70%. Sementara itu kejadian  stunting yang paling banyak adalah tidak stunting dengan persentase 60%.  Secara statistik tidak terdapat hubungan antara sanitasi lingkungan dengan kejadian stunting (p = 0.117), tidak terdapat hubungan antara pola asuh dengan kejadian stunting (p=0.572), dan tidak ada hubungan yang bermakna antara Pola Makan terhadap kejadian Stunting (p = 0.528). Kesimpulan : Faktor kejadian stunting tidak hanya sanitasi lingkungan, pola asuh dan pola makan melainkan banyak faktor yang saling mempengaruhi satu sama lain.
Efek Anti-thrombosis Ekstrak Protease Fibrinolitik Asal Isolat Staphylococcus hominis HSFT-2
Authors: Afriansyah Ardi
Published: April 2024

Latar Belakang: Gangguan trombotik menempati urutan 3 besar penyebab kematian pada kelompok penyakit non infeksi. Telah banyak kasus kematian di seluruh dunia yang disebabkan oleh trombus. Di Amerika Serikat jumlah kematian akibat penyakit trombotik tercatat sebanyak 100.000 orang setiap tahunnya dan terus meningkat 900.000 kasus per tahun. Tujuan: untuk menguji aktivitas protease fibrinolitik dari Staphylococcus hominis yang diisolasi dari jaringan otot teripang (Holothuria scabra) yang difermentasi sebagai agen antitrombotik. Metode: Uji antitrombosis dilakukan dengan metode gravimetri. crude enzim diperoleh dari isolat S.hominis HSFT-2 diuji aktivitasnya dalam melisiskan bekuan darah (anti-trombosis), dan koagulasi darah secara in vitro. Hasil: Ekstrak kasar enzim bakteri memiliki aktivitas trombolitik yang ditunjukkan dengan persentase lisis bekuan sebesar 41,94%. Ekstrak enzim dapat memperpanjang waktu pembekuan darah hingga 16 detik berdasarkan metode aPTT (Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time). Ekstrak enzim memiliki aktivitas retraksi bekuan darah dengan menunjukkan perbedaan 12% (lebih tinggi) dibandingkan kontrol (darah tanpa enzim). Kesimpulan: ekstrak enzim dapat mencegah pembekuan darah secara parsial. Kesimpulannya, ekstra kasar protease fibrinolitik yang diisolasi dari S. hominis merupakan sumber potensial agen antitrombolitik.
Perubahan Histopatologi Jantung Mencit (Mus musculus) Akibat Paparan Asap Model Bakaran Biomassa Gambut Hutan Riau
Authors: Valzon May , Liazarti Dona , Sinaga Grace Krisdayanti , Siregar Uli Astuti
Published: April 2024

Latar Belakang: asap kebakaran hutan (biomassa) merupakan salah satu penyebab permasalahan kesehatan masyarakat Provinsi Riau sejak tahun sembilan puluhan. Jenis asap biomassa di Riau berbeda dengan asap biomassa negara lain karena sumber bakaran adalah biomassa gambut. Jenis biomassa yang terbakar menghasilkan emisi dengan jenis partikulat yang berbeda. Penelitian tentang dampak asap biomassa gambut masih sangat terbatas.  Tujuan: penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh asap bakaran model biomassa gambut hutan Riau terhadap perubahan histopatologi jantung mencit (Mus musculus). Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan 10 ekor mencit yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok yaitu kelompok perlakuan dan kelompok kontrol. Kelompok perlakuan akan mendapatkan paparan asap bakaran model biomassa gambut hutan Riau selama 450 detik tiap hari selama 7 hari. Penilaian perubahan histopatologi berupa terjadinya degenerasi miosit, nekrosis miosit, dan hipertropi miokardium. Hasil: Penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya perbedaan signifikan (p<0,05) gambaran histopatologis berupa degenerasi miosit, nekrosis miosit, dan ketebalan miokardium antara kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol. Kesimpulan: Paparan asap bakaran model biomassa gambut hutan Riau memiliki pengaruh terhadap perubahan histopatologis yang diamati dengan adanya degenerasi miosit, nekrosis miosit, dan hipertrofi myocardium.
The Role of Physical Exercise in Food Intake Suppression
Authors: Sari Widia , Kartinah Neng Tine
Published: April 2024

Obesity is a global health issue since it is related to diseases that are the leading causes of mortality, such as diabetes, stroke, and cardiovascular disease. A long-term imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure is one of the factors contributing to obesity. In addition to increasing energy expenditure, physical exercise can also aid in weight loss by decreasing food intake. An increase in appetite-regulating hormones (ghrelin, GLP-1, leptin, and adiponectin), myokines (IL-6 and irisin), and lactate mediates the suppression of food intake during physical exercise. These substances function as signals that regulate food intake at the peripheral and/or central nervous system levels. Peripherally, lactate inhibits ghrelin secretion, while IL-6 increases GLP-1 secretion. In the center for regulating food intake, lactate, IL-6, leptin, and adiponectin act by inhibiting the release of orexigenic neuropeptides (NPY/AgRP) and increasing the release of anorexigenic neuropeptides (POMC). This review highlighted the role of physical exercise in overcoming obesity through suppression of food intake mediated by hormones and myokine changes that play a role in regulating food intake either in the periphery or directly in the central nervous system.
Indeks Entomologi dan Hubungan Keberadaan Larva Aedes dengan Kejadian Demam Berdarah di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Tanjung Morawa Kabupaten Deli Serdang
Authors: Sarirah Munauwarus , Khoiriyah Nadia
Published: April 2024

Latar Belakang: Kecamatan Tanjung Morawa merupakan daerah dengan kasus demam berdarah (DBD) tertinggi di Kabupaten Deli Serdang, yang juga merupakan kabupaten penyumbang angka kejadian DBD tertinggi di Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi peningkatan kasus DBD adalah peningkatan kepadatan larva Aedes sebagai vektor DBD. Indeks entomologi merupakan indikator yang digunakan untuk memantau kepadatan larva Aedes di pemukiman. Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat risiko penularan DBD berdasarkan indeks entomologi dan hubungan antara keberadaan larva Aedes dengan kejadian DBD di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Tanjung Morawa. Metode: Penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain cross-sectional ini melibatkan 100 rumah penduduk di Kecamatan Tanjung Morawa. Analisis deskriptif digunakan untuk menentukan tingkat risiko terjadinya kasus DBD. Uji korelasi kontingensi digunakan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara keberadaan larva dengan kejadian DBD. Hasil: Dari 100 rumah dijumpai 44 rumah merupakan rumah penderita DBD. Nilai House Index (HI), Breteau Index (BI), Container Index (CI) dan Angka Bebas Jentik (ABJ) masing-masing adalah 75%, 235%, 48,1%, dan 25%. Hasil uji kontingensi didapat nilai p=0,001. Kesimpulan: Wilayah kerja Puskesmas Tanjung Morawa berisiko tinggi untuk terjadinya penularan DBD dan ada hubungan antara keberadaan larva Aedes dengan kejadian DBD di wilayah tersebut.
Skrining Kardiovaskular pada Pasien dengan Sindroma Marfan: Suatu Laporan Kasus dan Tinjauan Singkat
Authors: Purwowiyoto Sidhi Laksono , Asanti Rismarini
Published: April 2024

Sindroma Marfan (SM) merupakan penyakit jaringan ikat herediter yang diturunkan secara autosomal dominant yang melibatkan multiorgan, salah satunya adalah sistem kardiovaskular. Tidak ada terapi kuratif, namun diagnosis dini, skrining dan pemantauan berkala, serta perubahan gaya hidup dapat memperbaiki prognosis pada penderita SM. Penegakan diagnosis SM dapat dikonfirmasi dengan revised Ghent criteria. Sebagai penyebab morbiditas dan mortalitas yang utama pada pasien dengan SM, perlu dilakukan penapisan dan follow-up rutin untuk mendeteksi terjadinya komplikasi pada sistem kardiovaskular utamanya pada aorta dan katup mitral. Dipaparkan kasus laki- laki, usia 25 tahun, rujukan dari sejawat ortopedi dengan kecurigaan SM. Keluhan utama pasien hanya nyeri pada tulang ekor. Riwayat keluhan nyeri dada, sesak, dan berdebar disangkal oleh pasien. Hasil EKG menunjukkan adanya right atrial enlargement dan LVH. Pada pasien dikerjakan pemeriksaan transtorakal ekokardiografi sebagai bagian dari skrining kardiovaskular. Tidak dijumpai adanya dilatasi root aorta, katup- katup masih dalam batas normal, serta fungsi sistolik ventrikel kanan dan kiri baik. Follow up minimal 1 tahun sekali perlu dikerjakan untuk pemantauan serta pencegahan komplikasi kardiovaskular di masa mendatang.
ANALYSIS LEXICAL COHESION IN WRITTEN BY BARACK OBAMA
Authors: Sheni Ibadadilah , Satria Robby
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this modern era, many people use written and unwritten language communication tools. Therefore, language has various types in its use, one of which is lexicon cohesion. The purpose of this study, thus researchers and readers are more familiar with what lexicon is, the types and can understand more. In this study, the researchers analysed the type of lexicon cohesion, namely repetition, synonym, antonym, meronym, and hyponym using a data search from written text when the 44th President of the United States, Barack Obama made a speech. Then, researchers used the theory of Halliday and Matthiessen. The method used is the observation technique. Where the researcher collects data by reading the entire text, then the highlighted the data in the form of text related to phenomena and analysing data according to the category. The data presented is in qualitative form. Where the data is presented in the form of sentences that are not in the form of numbers, percentage, or graph. In this study, researchers read, interpret data according to theory and calculate the results obtained. The results obtained are repetition data 2, synonym 6 data, Antonym 4 data, Meronym 5 data and Hyponym data 2. The highest data is obtained with synonyms, where the writing has many synonym meanings, and the lowest is the use of repetition.
Keyword: Lexical Cohesion, Repetition, Synonym, Antonym, Meronym, Hyponym
EXPRESSIVE SPEECH ACTS IN ELLEN’S TALK SHOW “ELLEN TAUGHT THIS FAN HOW TO SPEAK ENGLISH”
Authors: Nur Malasari Syafika , Rosdiana Aliva
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This study focuses on analyzing the expressive speech act used as conversational strategy in Ellen’s Talk Show. The strategies used are direct speech and indirect speech. The purpose of this study is to classify and to investigate the language functions of expressive speech as conversational strategy occurred in Ellen talk show entitled “Ellen Taught this Fan How to Speak English.” This study uses a qualitative method with descriptive approach in analyzing data. This study applied the theory from Searle and Vanderveken (1985) related to the type of expressive speech act. The data source is taken from a conversation between Diana Aquino as their guest and Ellen as the host. This study is a document or content analysis because the data used is from the internet and was previously posted. The technique of data analysis which the researcher used is the interactive model of Miles and Huberman for data analysis, which consisted of three steps, namely data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing/verification. The data instrument used is utterances found in Ellen talk show. The results found 8 types of expressive language occurred involves greeting, thanking, complimenting, praising, apologizing, protesting, boasting, and complaining.
Keywords: Expressive Language, Expressive Speech Act, Ellen Talk Show, Conversation’s Strategy
Reptile expos: an analysis and recommendations for control
Authors: Warwick Clifford , Steedman Catrina , Jessop Mike , Grant Rachel
Published: April 2024

Reptile expos are typically itinerant events at which live wild-caught and/or captive-bred turtles, tortoises, crocodiles, lizards, and snakes are displayed, sold, or exchanged for pet keeping purposes. We conducted a literature review and analysis of reports regarding animal welfare and public health issues of concern associated with the display and sale of reptiles at expos in Europe and North America. We also conducted a limited survey of several relevant government authorities to briefly appraise existing situations regarding governance and law internationally, and performed a further limited examination of online advertisements in order to estimate the number of events. In addition, we conducted an analysis comparing husbandry standards for reptile expos versus other animal display or sale situations using UK formal legal guidance, which adopts the Five Welfare Needs as a basis. Finally, we also conducted a SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) analysis of key features associated with reptile expos. We identified at least 10 animal welfare and 5 public health and safety problems as occurring and endemic to the typical operation of reptile expos. Comparisons between the ways in which animal welfare and public health issues are regarded or managed for reptile expos in relation to, for example, traditional zoos, mobile zoos, and pet sales are stark and concerning, with expos constituting the least protective and potentially most harmful situations out of all captive reptile-keeping scenarios. The lack of monitoring and control of reptile expos, combined with their frequent occurrence, strongly indicates the requirement to urgently control and prohibit these events. We recommend that where reptile expos are already essentially prohibited such bans should be immutable and not subject to any weakening provisions. Where reptile expos are permitted and/or subject to limiting conditions, or where reptile expos are not subject to limiting conditions, then our recommended 40 stipulations and overarching control principles should be applied as interim mitigating measures pending the introduction of prohibitions or ‘bans’. Governments should aim to ensure that enforcement of such measures is robust.
Virtual insulin pump initiation is safe effective in children adolescents with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Nwosu Benjamin Udoka , Pellizzari Margaret , Pavlovic Maia N. , Ciron Jason , Talib Rashida , Sohail Rubab
Published: April 2024

Objective

There is no head-to-head comparison of the safety and efficacy of virtual versus in-office insulin pump initiation for youth with type 1 diabetes in the US. The study’s aim was to determine the safety and efficacy of virtual versus in-office pump initiation in pediatric type 1 diabetes.

Research design and methods

A longitudinal retrospective study of 112 subjects: 65% (n=73), ages 11.2 ± 3.8 years(y), received in-office training; and 35% (n=39), ages 12.0 ± 4.0y, received virtual training. The number of White subjects was 40 (55%) in the in-office group, and 25 (66%) in the remote group; while Black subjects were 11 (15%) in the in-office group and 4 (10%) in the virtual group. Data were collected at pump initiation, 3 and 6 months.

Results

There were no significant differences in sex, race, height, weight, BMI, and the duration of diabetes between the groups at baseline. There was no significant difference in A1c between the groups at 0, 3, and 6 months. A1c correlated significantly with the glucose management indicator at 0, 3, and 6 months: baseline: r=0.49, p<0.0001; 3 months: r=0.77, p<0.0001; and 6 months: r=0.71, p<0.0001. There was no relationship between A1c or TIR and pubertal status, BMI, sex, or race. A1c was significantly elevated in the non-White individuals at 6 months only: 57.9 mmol/mol (50.8-69.4) versus 51.9 mmol/mol (46.5-59.6)], p=0.007.

Conclusion

Virtual insulin pump initiation is safe and effective in children with type 1 diabetes. This approach could accelerate the adoption of the use of diabetes technology in minority populations in the US.
Causal relationship between intervertebral disc degeneration and osteoporosis: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Liu Gaohua , Zhang Hanjing , Chen Meichun , Chen Wenkang
Published: April 2024

Introduction

The relationship between intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) and osteoporosis (OP), diagnosed primarily using bone mineral density (BMD), remains unclear so far. The present study, therefore, aimed to investigate the potential relationship between osteoporosis and intervertebral disc degeneration using Mendelian randomization and genome-wide association analyses. Specifically, the impact of bone mineral density on the development of intervertebral disc degeneration was evaluated.

Materials and methods

The genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary data of OP/BMDs and IVDD were collected from the FinnGen consortium, the GEFOS consortium, and MRC-IEU. The relationship between IVDD and OP was then explored using TSMR. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was adopted as the primary effect estimate, and the reliability and stability of the results were validated using various methods, including MR-Egger, weighted median, simple mode, weighted mode, and MR-PRESSO.

Results

No significant causal relationship was observed between OP and IVDD (IVW, P > 0.05) or between femoral neck BMD (FA-BMD) and IVDD when OP and FA-BMD were used as exposures. However, increased levels of total body BMD (TB-BMD) and lumbar spine BMD (LS-BMD) were revealed as significant risk factors for IVDD (TB-BMD: IVW, OR = 1.201, 95% CI: 1.123–1.284, P = 8.72 × 10−8; LS-BMD: IVW, OR = 1.179, 95% CI: 1.083–1.284, P = 1.43 × 10−4). Interestingly, both heel BMD (eBMD) and femur neck BMD (FN-BMD) exhibited potential causal relationships (eBMD: IVW, OR = 1.068, 95% CI: 1.008–1.131, P = 0.0248; FN-BMD, IVW, OR = 1.161, 95% CI: 1.041–1.295, P = 0.0074) with the risk of IVDD. The reverse MR analysis revealed no statistically causal impact of IVDD on OP and the level of BMD (P > 0.05).

Conclusion

OP and the level of FA-BMD were revealed to have no causal relationship with IVDD. The increased levels of TB-BMD and LS-BMD could promote the occurrence of IVDD. Both eBMD and FN-BMD have potential causal relationships with the risk of IVDD. No significant relationship exists between IVDD and the risk of OP. Further research is warranted to comprehensively comprehend the molecular mechanisms underlying the impact of OP and BMD on IVDD and vice versa.
Decreased embryo developmental potential and lower cumulative pregnancy rate in men with multiple morphological abnormalities of the sperm flagella
Authors: Long Rui , Wang Meng , Zhou Juepu , Mao Ruolin , Wang Cheng , Gu Longjie , Chen Yinwei , Jin Lei , Zhu Lixia
Published: April 2024

Objective

Multiple morphological abnormalities of the sperm flagella (MMAF) is characterized by abnormal flagellar phenotypes, which is a particular kind of asthenoteratozoospermia. Previous studies have reported a comparable intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) outcome in terms of fertilization rate and clinical pregnancy rate in patients with MMAF compared with those with no MMAF; however, others have conflicting opinions. Assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcomes in individuals with MMAF are still controversial and open to debate.

Methods

A total of 38 patients with MMAF treated at an academic reproductive center between January 2014 and July 2022 were evaluated in the current retrospective cohort study and followed up until January 2023. Propensity score matching was used to adjust for the baseline clinical characteristics of the patients and to create a comparable control group. The genetic pathogenesis of MMAF was confirmed by whole exome sequencing. The main outcomes were the embryo developmental potential, the cumulative pregnancy rate (CLPR), and the cumulative live birth rate (CLBR).

Results

Pathogenic variants in known genes of DNAH1, DNAH11, CFAP43, FSIP2, and SPEF2 were identified in patients with MMAF. Laboratory outcomes, including the fertilization rate, 2PN cleavage rate, blastocyst formation rate, and available blastocyst rate, followed a trend of decline in the MMAF group (p < 0.05). Moreover, according to the embryo transfer times and complete cycles, the CLPR in the cohort of MMAF was lower compared with the oligoasthenospermia pool (p = 0.033 and p = 0.020, respectively), while no statistical differences were observed in the neonatal outcomes.

Conclusion

The current study presented decreased embryo developmental potential and compromised clinical outcomes in the MMAF cohort. These findings may provide clinicians with evidence to support genetic counseling and clinical guidance in specific patients with MMAF.
Intelligence modeling of the flow boiling heat transfer of nanorefrigerant for integrated energy system
Authors: Zhang Songyuan , Li Yuexiwei , Xu Zheng , Ma Lei , Li Yongjia
Published: April 2024

To promote the application of nanorefrigerant in Organic Rankine Cycle and Integrated Energy System a reliable model with simple structure and favorable accuracy for predicting the flow boiling heat transfer coefficient (HTC) of nanorefrigerant is essential. In this work, four intelligence models—the radial basis function (RBF), multilayer perceptron (MLP), least squares support vector machine (LSSVM), and adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS)—were developed to predict the flow boiling heat transfer coefficient using nanorefrigerants, based on 765 experimental samples. The performances of these artificial intelligence models were comprehensively evaluated through accuracy analysis, variation trend analysis, and sensitivity analysis. Results indicated that the comprehensive performance of the RBF model was superior than those of other intelligence models and the existing empirical models. The RBF model accurately captured the variation trend of the output as the input variables were varied. Meanwhile, the impact degrees of all input variables in decreasing order were nanoparticle concentration (φ), mass flux (G), thermal conductivity of nanoparticle (kp), and vapor quality (x).
Geochemistry and mineralogy of wastes from lithium-bearing granite-pegmatite mining: resource potential and environmental risks
Authors: Hudson-Edwards Karen A.
Published: April 2024

The global need for lithium (Li) is increasing due to its use in batteries which are used to make electric vehicles, wind turbines and fuel cells to facilitate the world’s ‘green transition’ to low carbon economies. The mining of Li, like that of other Earth materials, produces large volumes of waste such as tailings and processing chemicals. A growing body of research is addressing the resource potential and environmental impacts of wastes from mining of Li-bearing granites and pegmatites that produce around 40% of the world’s Li. The wastes are dominated by SiO2 and Al2O3, with lesser Na2O, K2O and Fe2O3, that are hosted in quartz, feldspar and micas. They can contain around 1 wt% Li2O that is found in residual spodumene, lepidolite and zinnwaldite, and trace (<1 wt%) amounts of Rb, Cs, U and Be. Some exploitation of the Li from granite-pegmatite tailings is occurring on a commercial scale. There is also good potential for the waste quartz, feldspar and mica to be used in ceramics and building materials, and for the Rb, Cs and Be to be used for photovoltaic cells, alloys and other applications. Spodumene-bearing wastes can contain potentially toxic and/or radioactive U, Th and Tl, but the concentrations are generally low. Overall, Li-bearing granite-pegmatite mine wastes have good potential to be reused, remined and recycled. More research is required to characterize their geochemistry and mineralogy in detail to improve recovery and to understand how processing and weathering may affect environmental risk.