bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Review on Zinc Isotopes in River Systems: Distribution and Application
Authors: Ding Ziyang , Han Guilin , Qu Rui , Liu Jinke , Wang Peng
Published: December 2023

Zinc (Zn) is an essential trace element widely present in rivers and plays a crucial role in ecosystems. Human activities have led to the extensive migration and dissemination of Zn in the environment. When the accumulation of Zn in rivers reaches excessive levels, it transforms into a potentially harmful contaminant. Consequently, tracing Zn’s origin by its isotope ratios (δ66Zn) from natural and anthropogenic sources is essential for the management of and safeguarding against river pollution and comprehending Zn behavior in rivers as well. This review presents the advancements in Zn isotope research in river environments, including a summary of Zn isotope measurement, the distribution and controlling factors (mineral adsorption, precipitation, and biological effects) of Zn isotopes, and the applications of Zn isotopes in rivers. The median δ66Zn values for uncontaminated river water and suspended particulate matter (SPM) were 0.37‰ and 0.22‰, respectively, close to the bulk silicate Earth (BSE) value of 0.28 ± 0.05‰. With respect to the contaminated river, δ66Zn falls within −0.73‰ to 1.77‰, with it being heavily influenced by anthropogenic sources, such as the electroplating and metal processing industries. Apart from contamination identification, this review summarizes the river material exchange process and the δ66Zn values of rainwater (−0.2‰~0.38‰), groundwater (−0.13‰~1.4‰), lake water (−0.66‰~0.21‰), and seawater (−1.1‰~0.9‰), which facilitates a holistic understanding of the Zn cycle and isotope fractionation in the river system. In conclusion, Zn isotopes are an effective tool for tracing pollution sources and Zn migration processes, with enormous unexplored potential. Therefore, this review finally summarizes some challenges and future directions in current research on Zn isotopes.
The Spatiotemporal Variation Characteristics and Impacts of Summer Heatwaves, Droughts, and Compound Drought and Heatwave Events in Jiangsu Province, China
Authors: Wang Wenyue , Wang Jingcai , Shao Junbo , Wu Bin , Lin Hui
Published: December 2023

This study used the “Daily meteorological dataset of basic meteorological elements of China National Surface Weather Station (V3.0)” and applied the absolute threshold method and standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index to identify heatwave events and drought events. This study analyzed the spatiotemporal evolution patterns of three types of summer disaster events, namely, heatwave events, drought events, and compound drought and heatwave events, in Jiangsu Province from 1960 to 2018. Additionally, it investigated and verified the concurrent historical data of the identified years with the most severe occurrence of compound drought and heatwave events and calculated the monthly drought centers and summer accumulations of the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI-3). The results indicate that over the 59 years analyzed, the number of days with a threshold of 35 °C, which were considered hot days, was 503.2, accounting for 9.27% of the total summer days in Jiangsu Province. Both the number of hot days and the frequency of heatwave events showed a clear increasing trend from the northeastern coastal areas to the southwestern regions of Jiangsu Province. The total frequency of drought events at different stations in Jiangsu Province from 1960 to 2018 fell within the range of 50–64. The fitted slope of the frequency of compound drought and heatwave events in Jiangsu Province was −0.021 for the period 1960 to 1989, and 0.079 for the period 1990 to 2018, indicating a higher frequency compared with the preceding 30 years. This trend aligned with the rise in heatwave events experienced in Jiangsu Province in recent years. The frequency and duration of compound drought and heatwave events in Jiangsu Province exhibited an increasing spatial pattern from the southwestern parts to the northeastern parts. This study’s verification established that the identification of compound drought and heatwave events was relatively accurate.
Study on the Hydrogeological Structure of a Karst Subterranean River and Seepage of a Karst Reservoir: A Case Study of the Yibasan Reservoir in Yunnan Province, China
Authors: Zhang Wenping , Pan Xiaodong , Liang Jianhong , Zeng Jie , Song Chen
Published: December 2023

Karst groundwater resources are rich, and they have important water supply significance. A karst reservoir is a means of exploiting and utilizing groundwater resources, but because of the complex hydrogeological structure and underground river pipeline in a karst area, the seepage problem of the reservoir is extremely serious. Therefore, the Yibasan Karst Reservoir (YKR) was selected as the focus of this study. The hydrogeological structure of the subterranean river system of Yutang (SRSY) was identified and the hydraulic connections between the subterranean river conduits were determined using tracer experiment and groundwater dynamic monitoring. Furthermore, the development location and depth of the karst seepage zone of the YKR were determined using geophysical exploration. The results showed that there were three subterranean river conduits in the SRSY, and there was no hydraulic connection. The northern and southern pressure and torsion faults on the sides constitute the impervious boundary of the SRSY, which provided good catchment conditions for the formation of the YKR. Additionally, the northern and main conduits of the SRSY provide a sufficient groundwater source for the YKR. Moreover, the development width of the karst seepage zone of the YKR ranges between 40 and 60 m, and the elevation ranges between 1275 and 1355 m. The research results not only provide an effective basis for the treatment of the karst seepage problem of the YKR but also provide an important reference for the development and utilization of groundwater resources in similar karst areas.
"Portrait" of a patient with vitamin D deficiency in the blood (according to one of the clinics in Tyumen)
Authors:   FSBEI HE Tyumen State Medical University, Boldyreva Yu. V.
Published: December 2023

Introduction. This work is devoted to the analysis of parameters (social and laboratory data) that allowed creating a profile of a patient with vitamin D deficiency. It is known that vitamin D is not only involved in the regulation of calcium and phosphorus metabolism, but also has extra-bone effects. However, disorders in these processes do not always have specific manifestations that make the doctor and the patient think about vitamin D deficiency. The study found that 64 % of the patients had vitamin D deficiency in their blood. Considering the above, a doctor of any specialty should remember about the ambiguous clinical picture of vitamin D deficiency and have a certain alertness when diag nosing this condition. Objective: to evaluate the social and laboratory data available in the medical record compiling a profile of a patient with vitamin D deficiency. Materials and methods. The work was carried out on the basis of a multidisciplinary clinic of the Tyu men State Medical University in the period of 2019–2020. The study included 231 medical records. The D3 content in the blood was determined by laboratory immunological method of quantitative determination of the D3 level in vitro. The ELISA method was used. The results were calculated based on a standard calibration curve. Results. In the course of the study, it was possible to make a profile of a patient with vitamin D defi ciency in the blood. Conclusion. When managing a patient with a particular pathology, determining the level of vitamin D in the blood plays an essential role as this, among other things, will allow having an individual approach to patient treatment and examination.
Phenotypic manifestation of the neurophysiological level of regulation of visual perception in humans and methods of correction of its disorders
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Kaluga State University named after K. E. Tsiolkovski», Kaluga, Kozurova A. V.
Published: December 2023

The phenotypic manifestation of the neurophysiological level of regulation of human visual perception has numerous forms. Dyslexia is a neurological disorder associated with a selective impairment of the ability to master reading and writing skills while maintaining overall learning ability. There are two priority approaches to studying the issue of dyslexia — phonological and visual approaches. This study considers visuospatial disorders, visual information planning disorders, scotopic sensitivity syndrome, features of visual gnosis, visuomotor disorders, and dyspraxia. At the age of 5–6, children begin to devel op the skills of writing and reading; for some, this process goes easily and the child does not experience difficulties in mastering these processes. Meanwhile, some children have difficulties in mastering reading and writing even at 8–9 years of age. The features of the brain mechanisms underlying the processes of reading and writing were studied using the EEG method and neurodiagnostics, and the most effective correction methods at the neurophysiological and pedagogical levels were recommended. The findings from these studies expand our understanding of how neurophysiological mechanisms influence learning difficulties in children with normal IQ levels. This has important implications for our ability to effectively correct and prevent such problems
Vibration disease and its combination with deforming osteoarthritis: factors of cellular immunity, cytokine profile
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Samara State Medical University» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Babanov S. A. , Kiryushina T. M. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Samara State Medical University» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Published: December 2023

The article describes the features of the state of the immune profile and cytokine regulation in vibration disease associated with exposure to local vibration and its combination with osteoarthritis. The prognostic value of changes in the immune profile and cytokine regulation in vibration disease from exposure to local vibration and its com bination with osteoarthritis has been established. It has been proven that when exposed to industrial vibration, there is a change in the main indicators of cellular immunity and cytokine regulation, which characterize the state of the immune system in vibration disease from exposure to local vibration. Notably, these changes are most pronounced in second-degree vibration disease from exposure to local vibration and its combination with osteoarthritis.
Medical and biological support of elite sports: recovery and rehabilitation measures
Authors:   FSBI North Caucasian Federal Research and Clinical Center of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency, Essentuki, Russia, Ter-Akopov G. N.
Published: December 2023

Purpose of the study: to analyze the content and systematize the scientific and methodological materials on research in recovery and rehabilitation in the medical and biological support (MBS) of elite sports. Materials and methods. The research included content analysis of literature sources. Articles included in the PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Russian Science Citation Index databases were examined. Total of 97 articles were analyzed, and 44 were selected. Results and discussion. Recovery and rehabilitation in sport includes a set of medical, professional, psychological, and pedagogical measures aimed at the restoration or compensation of impaired body functions and sports performance. Among the existing set of means and methods of rehabilitation used in medical practice in the medical and biological support of sports at the present time, the methods that allow quickly eliminating signs and consequences of physical and psychoemotional tension (stress) observed during sports activities, and restoring psychofunctional state through direct impact on regulatory systems (nervous, humoral, and hormonal systems) of the human body are of particular interest. There are active studies on the use of transcranial methods of electrical and magnetic stimulation, as well as biofeedback, which allow the development of the ability to control one’s psychophysiological functions. The analysis of recovery and rehabilitation methods of local impact on the musculoskeletal system has shown that there are very few developments and studies associated with the use of modern physiotherapy and mechanotherapy equipment adapted for application in sports. The use of natural healing resources for recovery and rehabilitation of the human body is sufficiently studied and substantiated by research conducted over the years. However, there are few studies on the influence of natural healing factors on the functional state of the body and the performance ability of athletes. Conclusion. The study has shown various recovery and rehabilitation technologies with application of total and local impact methods. However, there are gaps regarding a lack of studies on the scientific justification of applying natural healing resources and modern mechanotherapy measures with great possibilities for recovery and rehabilitation of the human body’s functional systems, adapted for use in sports, as well as the absence of a formed system for recovery and rehabilitation of athletes in conditions of training in middle altitude.
Are the width, length, depth, and area of submucosal invasion predictive of lymph node metastasis in pT1 colorectal cancer?
Authors: Maynovskaia Olga , Rybakov Evgeny , Chernyshov Stanislav , Khomyakov Evgeniy , Achkasov Sergey
Published: December 2023

Purpose: Submucosa-limited (pathological T1, pT1) colorectal cancers (CRCs) pose a continuing challenge in the choice of treatment options, which range from local excision to radical surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the morphometric and morphologic risk factors associated with regional lymph node metastasis (LNM) in pT1 CRC.Methods: We performed a histological review of patients who underwent oncological resection between 2016 and 2022. Tumor grade, budding, poorly differentiated clusters (PDCs), cancer gland rupture, lymphovascular invasion (LVI), and presence of deep submucosal invasion (DSI), as well as width, length, total area, and area of DSI, were evaluated as potential risk factors for LNM.Results: A total of 264 cases of colon and rectal carcinomas with invasion into the submucosal layer (pT1) were identified. LNM was found in 46 of the 264 cases (17.4%). All morphometric parameters, as well as DSI (P=0.330), showed no significant association with LNM. High grade adenocarcinoma (P=0.050), budding (P=0.056), and PDCs (P<0.001) were associated with LNM. In the multivariate analysis, LVI presence remained the only significant independent risk factor (odds ratio, 15.7; 95% confidence interval, 8.5–94.9; P<0.001).Conclusion: The DSI of T1 CRC, as well as other morphometric parameters of submucosal tumor spread, held no predictive value in terms of LNM. LVI was the only independent risk factor of LNM.
Alfabetización visual en la educación superior: bibliometría y mapeo sistemático de la literatura
Authors: Campos Romero Soraya , Ribadeneira Aroca Kepler , Chaparro Martínez Exio Isaac
Published: December 2023

La alfabetización visual se define por un conjunto de habilidades que permiten el uso efectivo de los recursos visuales y es fundamental para resolver los desafíos de la sociedad actual, donde el intercambio de información está dominado por la imagen. El objetivo de este artículo fue investigar cómo ha evolucionado la alfabetización visual en la educación superior, en cuanto a la producción científica, tipología documental, capacidad idiomática y grado de colaboración. Se realizó un estudio de alcance descriptivo, longitudinal de tendencia (analiza cambios a través del tiempo) y retrospectivo, usando técnicas cuantitativas y sustentado en el marco teórico y metodológico provisto por los estudios métricos de la información. El proceso de revisión y mapeo de artículos identificó inicialmente 801 artículos obtenidos de Scopus con diferentes criterios, estrategias de revisión y evaluaciones de calidad. De esta forma, se obtuvieron los trabajos que se consideraron más relevantes para este estudio. En esta literatura científica, se pudo ver cómo la "alfabetización visual" es una tendencia creciente en la investigación y especialmente en la educación superior.
Producción científica y visibilidad de las universidades públicas manabitas en Web of Science, 2018- 2022.
Authors: Santos Montesdeoca Ana Silvia , Chaparro Martínez Exio Isaac
Published: December 2023

El propósito de este estudio fue analizar la producción científica y visibilidad de las universidades públicas de la provincia de Manabí en la plataforma Web of Science Core Collection entre los años 2018 y 2022. Este estudio se caracteriza por su carácter descriptivo y retrospectivo con un enfoque cuantitativo, se utilizan indicadores bibliométricos. Se identificaron cuatro universidades y escuelas politécnicas de Manabí (Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí, Universidad Laica Eloy Alfaro de Manabí, Universidad Técnica de Manabí y Escuela Superior Politécnica Agropecuaria de Manabí Manuel Félix López). Para el procesamiento de los datos, se utilizó Bibliometric y se presentan los principales resultados. Los análisis abarcaron la distribución anual y en el tiempo de artículos publicados en las diferentes revistas, la identificación de las fuentes más utilizadas, autores con más relevancia, la colaboración internacional, la tendencia en el tiempo de las palabras clave y el gráfico de tres campos que mostró la relación entre los revistas, autores y palabras clave. Los resultados obtenidos brindan evidencia sólida del incremento en la producción científica, destacando a la Universidad Técnica de Manabí entre las instituciones públicas de la provincia con más publicaciones. La revista San Gregorio es la más utilizada por los autores para publicar sus trabajos. Se observó una distribución coherente de las publicaciones según las principales palabras clave. Estos resultados resaltan la importancia de las revistas locales, destacan la colaboración con Europa de las universidades públicas manabitas.
Comportamiento de la alfabetización informacional en la educación superior en el periodo 2017-2022
Authors: Bravo Tuarez Andy Efrain , Quindemil Torrijo Eneida María
Published: December 2023

La alfabetización informacional, es un proceso que ayuda al ser humano a desarrollar habilidades y técnicas para que este pueda localizar, evaluar, seleccionar y utilizar eficazmente la información, de tal manera, que empieza desde la formación infantil hasta la universitaria y se va perfeccionando durante toda la vida. El objetivo de este trabajo está en analizar el comportamiento de la producción científica sobre alfabetización informacional en la educación superior durante el período 2017-2022. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, con enfoque cuantitativo para el posterior análisis de los datos del comportamiento que ha tenido la alfabetización informacional en la educación superior durante los últimos 5 años en la base de datos Lens. Como resultados se obtuvo un total de 424 documentos, de los cuales 390 son artículos de revista, 28 capítulos de libros, y 6 son libros. A modo de conclusión, se observa que los países de los continentes de América del Norte y Europeo, tienen mayor producción científica sobre ALFIN en la educación superior en comparación con los países de América del Sur debido a que cuentan con organismos que promueven el uso ético y eficaz de la información como la Comisión Europea, por España y la Organización de los Estados Americanos, por Estados Unidos.
Experience and prospects for quantitative assessment of transport and logistics systems of regions and cities
Authors: Кузнецова А.А. , Гранков П.Ю. , Синеглазова В.Ю.
Published: December 2023

В работе сделан критический обзор существующих систем оценки региональных и территориальных логистических систем. Проведен анализ показателей транспорта и логистики в системе государственной статистики. В результате предложен авторский комплексный рейтинг развития региональной логистики с учетом развития РФ в условиях санкций, а также с выявлением потенциала применения цифровых технологий в логистической сфере. Авторский подход к рейтингованию региональных логистических систем, по сути, вводит в российскую статистику оценочные критерии развивающихся логистических центров в экономике регионов.

The paper made a critical review of the existing systems for evaluating regional and territorial logistics systems. An analysis of transport and logistics indicators in the state statistics system was carried out. As a result, an author's comprehensive rating of the development of regional logistics was proposed, taking into account the development of the Russian Federation in the context of sanctions, as well as identifying the potential for the use of digital technologies in the logistics sphere. The author's approach to the rating of regional logistics systems essentially introduces the assessment criteria of developing logistics centers in the regional economy into Russian statistics.
Digital financial management tools for the public sector
Authors: Седова М.Л. , Воронцов А.Н.
Published: December 2023

в статье дана характеристика используемых цифровых инструментов управления финансами в общественном секторе в Российской Федерации, выявлены государственные информационные системы, в которых в наибольшей степени применяются нейронные сети. Предложены критерии для оценки зрелости государственных информационных систем в сфере управления общественными финансами.

The article describes the characteristics of the digital financial management tools used in the public sector in the Russian Federation, identifies state information systems in which neural networks are most used. Criteria for assessing the maturity of public information systems in the field of public finance management are proposed.
Taxes and competitiveness of industrial companies: The specifics of modern France
Authors: Черноуцан Е.М.
Published: December 2023

Статья посвящена анализу специфики налогового механизма современной Франции в области предпринимательской и инновационной деятельности промышленных компаний. Несмотря на серию кардинальных реформ последних десятилетий во Франции продолжает действовать один из самых сложных и обременительных налоговых режимов для бизнеса. В центре внимания — налоги на производство, которые являются серьезным барьером для предпринимательской активности компаний и представляют реальную угрозу для конкурентоспособности национальной экономики. Автор попытался показать оригинальность механизма действия налогов на производство в условиях Франции. Особое внимание уделено тем из них, которые прямо и отрицательно действуют на производительность и конкурентоспособность компаний. В ходе анализа было обнаружено, что в условиях Франции налоговая нагрузка была и остается ключевым сдерживающим фактором на пути предпринимательской и инновационной деятельности французских компаний.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the specifics of the tax mechanism of modern France in the field of entrepreneurial and innovative activities of industrial companies. Despite a series of fundamental reforms in recent decades, France continues to operate one of the most complex and burdensome tax regimes for businesses. The focus is on taxes on production, which are a serious barrier to entrepreneurial activity of companies and pose a real threat to the competitiveness of the national economy. The author tried to show the originality of the mechanism of action of taxes on production in France. Special attention is paid to those that directly and negatively affect the productivity and competitiveness of companies. During the analysis, it was found that in the conditions of France, the tax burden has been and remains a key deterrent to the entrepreneurial and innovative activities of French companies.
Scenarios of digital transformation of public sector finance in the framework of metaverse development
Authors: Алтынов Ю.А.
Published: December 2023

В статье исследуются возможные сценарии интеграции метавселенной и финансов общественного сектора в контексте происходящей цифровой трансформации экономических отношений. К основным результатам исследования можно отнести определение сценарных планов интеграционного взаимодействия метавселенных и общественных финансов, включая: 1) клиентские сервисы при оказании социально-значимых и государственных услуг; 2) профессиональные сервисы на базе метавселенной; 3) налоговое администрирование в рамках цифровых иммерсивных пространств.

The article explores possible scenarios for the integration of the metaverse and public sector finance in the context of the ongoing digital transformation of economic relations. The main results of the study include the identification of scenario plans for the integration interaction of metaverses and public finance, including: 1) client services in the provision of socially significant and public services; 2) professional services based on the metaverse; 3) tax administration within digital immersive spaces.
La juventud hitleriana de la Argentina a través de la revista Junges Volk. Entre las identidades alemana, nacionalsocialista y argentina
Authors: Friedmann Germán
Published: December 2023

Desde la década de 1930 los nacionalsocialistas de la Argentina diseñaron una serie de mecanismos orientados a inculcar un sentimiento de comunidad renovada y armónica que abarcara a la mayor parte de la muy variada población germanoparlante del país. Estas iniciativas fueron encabezadas por un conjunto de instituciones asociadas al partido que intentaron adentrarse en la vida cotidiana de miles de personas para conformar ámbitos de sociabilidad que crearan un “nosotros” alemán y nacionalsocialista. Con este objetivo fue establecido el Deutsch-Argentinisches Pfadfinderkorps (Cuerpo de exploradores germano-argentino) que integraba a niños y jóvenes de entre 8 y 18 años. Este artículo examina las páginas de su publicación oficial, Junges Volk, y detiene su mirada en los dispositivos que ayudaron a delinear en sus lectores una identidad alemana, nacionalsocialista y argentina, en un escenario político local signado por las denuncias sobre una potencial “infiltración nazi” en el país y las crecientes preocupaciones acerca de lealtad nacional de los hijos de los inmigrantes.
La categoría de riesgo ambiental y las experiencias del habitar en un municipio de la cuenca media del Matanza-Riachuelo
Authors: Olejarczyk Romina
Published: December 2023

En este artículo me propongo poner en diálogo al “riesgo ambiental”, como categoría ordenadora de las relocalizaciones en el marco de la política de saneamiento de la cuenca Matanza-Riachuelo, con las experiencias del habitar de los vecinos/as que vivían junto a los arroyos en el partido de Almirante Brown y que han sido recientemente relocalizados. En principio, las experiencias del habitar junto al arroyo coinciden con lo que la Autoridad de la Cuenca Matanza Riachuelo define como “riesgo ambiental”, a la vez que desbordan esta definición. La vida junto al arroyo involucra padecimiento y disfrute, el deseo de relocalizarse para no inundarse más y el reconocimiento de habitar un territorio autoproducido que se deja con tristeza. La información y los relatos que aquí presento surgen de un trabajo de campo que vengo desarrollando en dicho municipio desde el año 2019, que consiste en la observación participante en instancias de intervención territorial y en la realización de entrevistas.
Las dinámicas interétnicas en Patagonia austral vistas a partir de la trayectoria del cacique Orkeke (1866-1884)
Authors: Acuña Lugo Martín Ariel
Published: December 2023

A través del estudio de la trayectoria del cacique Orkeke se realiza un primer acercamiento a las dinámicas interétnicas en Patagonia austral. Desde el empleo de un cuerpo documental, compuesto por informes oficiales, telegramas, correspondencia, crónicas y diarios de viaje, nos detenemos en los momentos de intercambio y negociación que tuvieron lugar tras la firma del “Tratado con las Tribus Teguelches” en el cual Orkeke jugará un rol central como “Cacique aliado”. Luego se aborda la abrupta modificación de dichos vínculos a partir de la denominada “Conquista del desierto”, donde las expediciones militares en tierras australes tendrán como principal evento la captura de Orkeke, quien vivió sus últimos días como “cacique sometido” en la ciudad de Buenos Aires. Se analiza la dinámica interétnica en ambos períodos dando centralidad a las distintas estrategias indígenas ante la avanzada criolla en la región.
Juan Bernal Díaz de Luco y la convocatoria de misioneros a América en la década de 1530
Authors: Rizzuto Claudio César
Published: December 2023

Este trabajo se ocupa de la convocatoria de misioneros en tiempos tempranos de la conquista y colonización de América. A partir del análisis de escritos del doctor en cánones y consejero de Indias Juan Bernal Díaz de Luco (1495-1556), se podrá profundizar en el conocimiento de uno de los oficiales de la monarquía que participaron del llamado y organización de misiones al Nuevo Mundo. Asimismo, se hallarán en dichos textos -como ejemplo relativamente temprano- algunos de los tópicos y estereotipos que marcaron el proceso de instauración del cristianismo en América.
Distancia y representación en la administración de justicia. Córdoba en el último cuarto del siglo XVI
Authors: González Navarro Constanza María
Published: December 2023

La administración de justicia en el período colonial implicaba la participación de un conjunto variado de agentes -jueces, escribanos, secretarios, procuradores, abogados, etc.- que garantizaban el ejercicio de la jurisdicción. Este trabajo se propone reconocer la relevancia de los apoderados -como representantes de terceros- en la administración de justicia a partir de un voluminoso corpus de escrituras públicas labradas en la ciudad de Córdoba en el último cuarto del siglo XVI. Partiendo del relevamiento de los poderes otorgados entre 1574 y 1600 se focaliza el análisis en aquéllos cuyo otorgamiento involucra específicamente la potestad para gestionar asuntos judiciales, procurando dar cuenta de algunas de las características y variantes de la representación, como la amplitud geográfica de la actuación de los apoderados y la participación de los diferentes sectores sociales en esta modalidad de intermediación.
EVALUACIÓN DE LA CONCENTRACIÓN DE METALES PESADOS EN LAS AGUAS SUPERFICIALES DEL RÍO CHACAPALCA PARA FINES DE RIEGO
Authors:   Escuela Profesional de Ingeniería Agrícola, Universidad Nacional del Altiplano de Puno, Av. Floral Nº 1153, Puno, Perú, Villanueva Alvarado Tanya Luz , Belizario Quispe Germán ,   Escuela Profesional de Ingeniería Agrícola, Universidad Nacional del Altiplano de Puno, Av. Floral Nº 1153, Puno, Perú, Chui Betancur Heber N. ,   Instituto de Investigación de la Escuela de Posgrado, Universidad Nacional del Altiplano de Puno, Av. Floral Nº 1153, Puno, Perú, Perez Argollo Katia ,   Escuela de Posgrado de la Universidad Nacional del Altiplano de Puno, Av. Floral Nº 1153, Puno, Perú
Published: December 2023

Se evaluó la concentración de metales pesados como posibles contaminantes en el lecho y cauce del rio Chacapalca, hasta su desembocadura en el lago Titicaca. Las concentraciones por encima de la norma impactan negativamente en las poblaciones aledañas afectando diversas actividades humanas. Se definieron dos puntos geográficos de muestreo de aguas superficiales, RChac1 y RChac2 según protocolo de muestreo. El monitoreo se realizó en dos épocas del año 2017 al 2018, para evaluar la variación estacional de los parámetros más resaltantes de mayor concentración determinados analíticamente in situ. Los resultados obtenidos demostraron que no existen altas concentraciones de cadmio, plomo y mercurio en los dos mencionados puntos de estudio. Sin embargo, el punto RChac1 puede ser considerado como punto crítico.
CALIDAD DEL AGUA EN EL RÍO ICHALAYA, SU RELACIÓN CON LOS DRENAJES DE BOCAMINAS DE MINA MATILDE, MUNICIPIO CARABUCO
Authors:   Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas IIQ, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés UMSA, Av. Villazón N° 1995, La Paz, Bolivia., Chuquimia Ninahuanca Rolando R. , Valdez Castro Sulema ,   Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas IIQ, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés UMSA, Av. Villazón N° 1995, La Paz, Bolivia.,   Especialidades Químicas I+D+I, División Medioambiente, Av. Chacaltaya 648, La Paz, Bolivia., Choque Aspiazu Rigoberto ,   Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas IIQ, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés UMSA, Av. Villazón N° 1995, La Paz, Bolivia., Quintanilla Aguirre Jorge ,   Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas IIQ, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés UMSA, Av. Villazón N° 1995, La Paz, Bolivia.
Published: December 2023

Se realizó el estudio de la calidad hídrica y la clasificación del Río Ichalaya en La Paz, Bolivia, para tener información detallada del comportamiento de este cuerpo de agua en época de estiaje y de lluvias durante 2022 y 2023. Se midieron parámetros fisicoquímicos in situ, y se realizó un diagnóstico preliminar. Se realizó la toma de muestras en puntos establecidos en el área de estudio y se determinó las concentraciones de aniones, cationes y metales. A partir de estos resultados se realizó el balance iónico del cuerpo de agua. Como conclusión se determinó que el comportamiento del cuerpo de agua es de buena calidad hasta la confluencia con las aguas acidas de la Mina Matilde. Sin embargo, en el trayecto del curso de agua hacia su desembocadura, la calidad mejora por el aporte de afluentes llegándose a atenuar los los efectos de aguas acidas. De esta forma coadyuvamos en la gestión de cuencas para el manejo integral del recurso agua, como en la solución de problemas ambientales referidos a la hidroquímica en Bolivia.
Comparison of Disease Phenotype and Course among Elderly- and Early-Onset Inflammatory Bowel Diseases in the Middle East
Authors: Vosoghinia Hasan , Saberzadeh-Ardestani Bahar , Anushiravani Amir , Mansour-Ghanaei Fariborz , Fakheri Hafez , Vahedi Homayoon , Sheikhesmaeili Farshad , Yazdanbod Abbas , Moosavy Seyed Hamid , Maleki Iradj , Nasseri-Moghaddam Siavosh , Khosravi Bardia , Malekzadeh Masoud , Kasaeian Amir , Alatab Sudabeh , Sadeghi Anahita , Kolahdoozan Shadi , Amani Mohammad , Saberhosseini Seyedeh Naeimeh , Rayatpisheh Maryam , Ahadi Mitra , Colombel Jean-Frederic , Ungaro Ryan C. , Sima Ali Reza , Malekzadeh Reza
Published: December 2023

Background: It is unknown if the clinical manifestations and phenotype of disease are comparable between early- and elderly-onset inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We aimed to seek differences in disease phenotype, course, complications, and treatment between early- and elderly-onset IBD patients. Methods: This retrospective cohort study on registered IBD patients in the Iranian Registry of Crohn’s and Colitis (IRCC) compared demographics, disease phenotype, disease activity, IBD-related surgery and medications between early- and elderly-onset IBD. A generalized linear regression model was used to investigate the relative risk of age at diagnosis adjusted for gender and disease duration for the outcomes. Results: From 10048 IBD patients, 749 with early-onset (7.5%), and 472 (4.7%) elderly-onset IBD were enrolled: 855 (63.1%) ulcerative colitis (UC) and 366 (26.9%) Crohn’s disease (CD). Left-sided colitis was more frequent among elderly-onset UC patients (P<0.001). Ileum and ileocolonic locations were the most common types in elderly-onset and early-onset CD patients, respectively. In comparison with elderly-onset UC, early-onset cases more often used prednisolone (22.1% vs. 11.4%, P=0.001), immunomodulators (44.9% vs 25.2%, P<0.001) and anti-tumor necrosis factors (TNF) (20.1% vs 11.9%, P=0.002). Elderly-onset UC patients had 0.7 times lower risk of aggressive phenotype (95%CI:0.6‒0.9, P=0.005). Early-onset CD was associated with higher use of prednisolone (27.7% vs 8.1%, P<0.001), immunomodulators (58.7% vs 41.8%, P=0.005) and anti-TNF (49.6% vs 35.4%, P=0.006). Conclusion: Early-onset IBD was associated with a more aggressive phenotype and higher prednisolone, immunomodulators, and anti-TNF use.
Stakeholders’ Perceived Barriers and Successes of Quality Improvement Programs for Patients With Diabetes Comment on "Quality and Performance Measurement in Primary Diabetes Care: A Qualitative Study in Urban China"
Authors: Neumann Ana
Published: December 2023

Rasooly et al performed a qualitative evaluation to characterize the experiences of 26 stakeholders with the implementation of diabetes-related quality and performance measures delivered in primary healthcare to patients with diabetes in metropolitan China. Results from this cross-sectional investigation identified relevant gaps in primary care delivery for people with diabetes from one major center in China. As diabetes is a prevalent condition worldwide, lessons learned from this research can be useful to guide, refine, and improve quality measurement evaluations in primary care in China and other countries. In this commentary, we comment on the strengths and weaknesses of the study, suggest future directions, and discuss how lessons learned from this research can be helpful to guide, refine, and improve the quality measurement of diabetes care in other countries.
New Zealand Pae Ora Healthcare Reforms 2022: Viable by Design? A Qualitative Study Using the Viable System Model
Authors: Akmal Adeel , Podgorodnichenko Nataliya , Gauld Robin , Stokes Tim
Published: December 2023

Background: The New Zealand (NZ) Pae Ora (Healthy Futures) health reforms came into effect in July 2022 with the establishment of Health New Zealand (HNZ) (Te Whatu Ora) and the Māori Health Authority (MHA) (Te Aka Whai Ora) – the organisations charged for healthcare provision and delivery. Given these changes represent major health system reform, we aimed to conduct an early evaluation of the design of the reforms to determine if they can deliver a viable and sustainable NZ health system going forward. Methods: The evaluation was informed by Beer’s viable system model (VSM). A qualitative exploratory design with semi-structured interviews and documents analysis using thematic analysis was used. We conducted 28 interviews with senior healthcare managers and reviewed over 300 official documents and news analyses. Results: The VSM posits that for a system to be viable, all its five sub-systems (operations; co-ordination; operational control; development and governance) need to be strong. Our analysis suggests that the health reforms, despite their strengths, do not satisfy this requirement. The reforms do appreciate the complexity of the healthcare environment: multiple stakeholders, social inequalities, interdependencies. However, our analysis suggests a severe lack of detail regarding the implementation and operationalisation of the reforms. Furthermore, resourcing and coordination within the reformed system is also unclear. Conclusion: The health system reforms may not lead to a viable future NZ health system. Poor communication of the reform implementation and operationalisation will likely result in system failure and inhibit the ability of frontline health organisations to deliver care.
Long-term Care Insurance and Health and Perceived Satisfaction of Older Chinese: Comparisons Between Urban/Rural Areas, Chronic Conditions, and Their Intersectionality
Authors: Zhang Yinkai , Chen Yu-Chih , Wang Julia Shu-Huah
Published: December 2023

Background: Evidence of the impact of long-term care insurance (LTCI) on health and well-being has predominantly come from developed countries. China officially launched its city-level LTCI policy in 2016. Recent evidence in China has shown that having an LTCI program contributes to positive health. However, it is unclear whether such positive policy effects were attributed to policy announcement or implementation effects, and whether the policy effects vary by locality, chronic conditions, and their intersectionality. This study examines whether there are longitudinal health benefits for older Chinese who are participating in LTCI, particularly considering their city location (urban/rural), whether they have chronic conditions, and the intersectionality. Methods: Following the Andersen Behavioral Model, health and satisfaction outcomes of 9253 adults aged 60+ years were extracted from the 2015 and 2018 waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Individual data were linked to census socioeconomic data with city-level characteristics and LTCI policy variable. Multilevel lagged regression models investigated the impact of LTCI policy on health and satisfaction with health services, after controlling for baseline individual- and city-level covariates. Results: Of 125 cities in the dataset, 21 (16.8%) had adopted LTCI. These city inhabitants had significantly better self-rated health and higher satisfaction relative to cities without LTCI policies when environmental- and personal-level characteristics were modeled. Health benefits of LTCI were stronger after policy announcement and were particularly observed among rural older adults and those with chronic conditions. Results also suggest that LTCI’s positive effects on satisfaction spill over to middle-aged adults. Conclusion: Expanding coverage and eligibility to LTCI for all older Chinese could improve health and well-being.
Costing Interventions for Developing an Essential Package of Health Services: Application of a Rapid Method and Results From Pakistan
Authors: Raza Wajeeha , Zulfiqar Wahaj , Shah Mashal Murad , Huda Maryam , Akhtar Syeda Shehirbano , Aqeel Urooj , Kanwal Saira , Khalid Muhammad , Zaidi Raza , Jansen Maarten , Kitson Nichola , Bijlmakers Leon , Siddiqi Sameen , Alwan Ala , Vassall Anna , Torres-Rueda Sergio
Published: December 2023

Background: The Federal Ministry of National Health Services, Regulations and Coordination (MNHSR&C) in Pakistan has committed to progress towards Universal Health Coverage (UHC) by 2030 by providing an essential package for health services (EPHS). Starting in 2019, the Disease Control Priorities 3 (DCP3) evidence framework was used to guide the development of Pakistan’s EPHS. In this paper, we describe the methods and results of a rapid costing approach used to inform the EPHS design process. Methods: A total of 167 unit costs were calculated through a context-specific, normative, ingredients-based, bottom-up economic costing approach. Costs were constructed by determining resource use from descriptions provided by MNHSR&C and validated by technical experts. Price data from publicly available sources were used. Deterministic univariate sensitivity analyses were carried out. Results: Unit costs ranged from 2019 US$ 0.27 to 2019 US$ 1,478. Interventions in the cancer package of services had the highest average cost (2019 US$ 837) while interventions in the environmental package of services had the lowest (2019 US$ 0.68). Cost drivers varied by platform; the two largest drivers were drug regimens and surgery-related costs. Sensitivity analyses suggest our results are not sensitive to changes in staff salary but are sensitive to changes in medicine pricing. Conclusion: We estimated a large number of context-specific unit costs, over a six-month period, demonstrating a rapid costing method suitable for EPHS design.
Delivery and Prioritization of Surgical Care in Canada During COVID-19: An Environmental Scan
Authors: Ibadin Seremi , Brindle Mary , Wasylak Tracy , Robert Jill , Litvinchuk Stacey , Sauro Khara M.
Published: December 2023

Background: During COVID-19 healthcare systems had to make concessions to make room for the surge of COVID-19 patients requiring hospital and intensive care. Postponing surgeries was a common strategy; however, it is unclear how surgical care was delivered during this time of constraint. The objective of this study was to understand how surgical care was delivered and prioritized during the COVID-19 pandemic response. Methods: This was an environmental scan following the Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health methodology. This study was conducted in Canada; a universal, publicly funded healthcare system. Evidence sources on policies pertaining to the provision of surgical care between January 2020 and October 2022 were obtained from ministries of health, health services agencies and publicly funded hospitals across all 10 provinces and three territories. We synthesized the evidence sources using framework analysis. Results: We identified 205 evidence sources that described six themes about the provision of surgical care during the COVID-19 pandemic: the cycle of postponement and resumption; guidelines for triaging and prioritizing surgical cases; Infection Prevention and Control (IPAC), and safety measures for surgical care during COVID-19, patient-centred care, and looking forward (recovery planning, leadership, and decision-making). Conclusion: This study provides a comprehensive understanding of how surgical care was disrupted and innovated during COVID-19 which can inform future strategies for providing effective and efficient surgical care during times of healthcare constraint.
Evaluation of UV photofunctionalization effect on ultrastructural properties of SLA titanium disks: An in vitro study
Authors: Houshmand Behzad , Rezaei Esfahroodi Zeinab , Behnamghader Aliasghar , Mohammadreza Sadegh , Azizi Aytan , Ramezani Kave
Published: December 2023

Background. The success rate of dental implants diminishes over time; the lack of osseointegration and infection are the major causes of most implant failures. One of the effective methods to improve the surface properties is to irradiate ultraviolet (UV) light. This study investigated the effect of UV photofunctionalization on the ultrasuperficial properties of sandblasted, large-grit, acid-etched (SLA) titanium discs. Methods. In this in vitro study, 24 sandblasted and acid-etched titanium discs, with a lifespan of more than four weeks, were categorized into three groups (n=8): control, ultraviolet C (UVC), and ultraviolet B (UVB). Then, they were exposed to a UV light source for 48 hours at a 1-cm distance. In addition to measuring the contact angle between the liquid and the disc surface in each of the three groups, the atomic concentrations of carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen atoms were measured at three different sites on each disc. One-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey tests were used to analyze data. Results. The mean concentration of carbon atoms significantly differed in the control, UVC, and UVB groups (P<0.001). The mean concentrations of nitrogen atoms differed significantly between the three groups (P<0.001). However, the mean concentrations of oxygen atoms were not significantly different between the three groups. In examining the contact angle, wettability was higher in the UVC group than in the UVB group and higher in the UBV group than in the control group. Conclusion. Photofunctionalization with UV light significantly decreased carbon and nitrogen concentrations on the surface of titanium implants, indicating that the implant’s superficial hydrocarbons were eliminated. It was observed that UVC photofunctionalization was more effective than UVB photofunctionalization in reducing superficial contamination and improving wettability.