bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Students' Self Regulated Learning Using Augmented Reality Media on Solar System Material at Class VII SMP
Authors: Supriasih Eka , Fathurohman Apit , Sriyanti Ida
Published: March 2023

With the implementation of some limited face-to-face learning, the effects of the COVID-19 epidemic have now started to significantly fade from education. This forces instructors to be creative so that children can still learn independently. Students who get inadequate online instruction generally behave passively when receiving offline instruction. To deal with the issues of 21st-century learning, technological use, the selection of interesting learning models, and media that are in line with the characteristics of the material, especially abstract material, are still necessary. To prepare students for real life and improve learning, technological application and the growth of student learning independently are important. The purpose of this study was to examine how media augmented with augmented reality helped students learn independently. There are up to 27 students in the seventh grade at SMPN 3 Rantau Bayur in this qualitative descriptive study. A student learning independence questionnaire was designed to collect data, and it was triangulated using learning observation sheets and teacher interviews. The three stages of the data analysis technique, according to Miles Huberman (1992), are data reduction, data presentation, and summary. The percentage technique was used to examine the learning independence data collected. As according statistics from the learning independence questionnaire, the average percentage in the medium category is 61 percent.
Teacher Parenting Patterns in Improving Students' Ability to Memorize Al-Qur'an in Tahfidz Elementary School
Authors: Nafisah Siti Lailatul , Suharsiwi Suharsiwi , Sudin Mahmudin
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this study was to describe the parenting style of teachers in improving students' Al-Qur'an memorization skills. The research method uses descriptive qualitative. The research subjects included students aged 7-8 years, parents and teachers at the Shigor Putra Tahfizh Islamic Boarding School Daarul Qur'an Tangerang. Collecting data through observation, interviews, and documentation. The validity of the data was through triangulation, and data analysis was carried out through the stages of reduction, data display and verification. The results of the study concluded that the teacher's upbringing of students in memorizing the Qur'an at SD I'daad Shigor Putra Tahfizh Daarul Qur'an Islamic Boarding School in improving students' ability to memorize the Qur'an is through habituation, with (1) the intention to memorize in the form of prayer, (2) make a target of memorization every day. , (3) reading memorization to friends, and (4) Maintaining memorization by listening to other people's/friends' memorization before submitting it to the teacher
An Authentication and Access Control Model for Healthcare based Cloud Services
Authors: Qadir Glena Aziz , Hussan Bzar Khidir
Published: March 2023

Electronic Health Record (EHR) systems are used as an efficient and effective method of exchanging patients’ health information with doctors and other key stakeholders in the health sector to obtain improved patient treatment decisions and diagnoses. As a result, questions regarding the security of sensitive user data are highlighted. To encourage people to move their sensitive health records to cloud networks, a secure authentication and access control mechanism that protects users’ data should be established. Furthermore, authentication and access control schemes are essential in the protection of health data, as numerous responsibilities exist to ensure security and privacy in a network. So, the main goal of our suggested solution is to maintain a secure authentication and access control mechanism for health cloud data. Thus, in this work, Security Secret Key Provider (SSKP) phase is proposed for the E-healthcare-based cloud that consists of two parts. The first is an authentication scheme that is Security Secret Key (SSK) and the second is a modular access control mechanism. We explain the methodology of the proposed approach through appropriate evaluation results, which improves system security and performance by minimizing the time spent to get authentication and access the data. Simulation results indicate that our approach is significantly more effective than existing research.
Producing Load Bearing Block Using LECA as Partial Replacement of Coarse Aggregate
Authors: M. Selman Saad , K. Abbas Zena
Published: March 2023

The ability to produce load-bearing masonry units adopting ACI 211.1 mix design using (1:3.2:2.5) as (cement: fine aggregate: coarse aggregate) with slump range (25-50mm) which can conform (dimension, absorption, and compressive strength) within IQS 1077/1987 requirements type A was our main goal of the study. The ability to use low cement content (300 kg/m3) to handle our market price products since the most consumption in wall construction for low-cost buildings was encouraging. The use of (10 and 20%) of LECA as partial volume replacement of coarse aggregate to reduce the huge weight of masonry blocks can also be recommended. The types of production of the load-bearing masonry units were A and B for (10 and 20%), respectively. Finally, the use of the spray curing method was the more suitable simulation of reality and easier for factory producers, taking into consideration that the increasing curing time from 14 days (recommended in IQS 1077/1987) to 28 days may be led to conversation masonry type from B to A as in R20%-300.
Comparative Evaluation of Roundabout Capacities Methods for Single-lane and Multi-lane Roundabout
Authors: Mohammed Ali Hezha Khalaf , Majid Hirsh Muhammad
Published: March 2023

A roundabout is a highway engineering concept meant to calm traffic, increase safety, reduce stop-and-go travel, reduce accidents and congestion, and decrease traffic delays. It is circular and facilitates one-way traffic flow around a central point. The first part of this study evaluated the principles and methods used to compare the capacity methods of roundabouts with different traffic conditions and geometric configurations. These methods include gap acceptance, empirical, and simulation software methods. Previous studies mentioned in this research used various methods and other new models developed by several researchers. However, this paper's main aim is to compare different roundabout capacity models for acceptable capacity predictions for single-lane and multi-lane roundabouts. In conclusion, previous studies such as RODEL, SIDRA, Swiss, HCM6, and IRC overestimate capacity, while the GHCM method underestimates it. Each VISSIM and SIDRA predicted higher capacity than HCM2010, Paramics, and Simtrafic capacity methods. Generally, the precise prediction of capacity value depends on the circulating flow, exiting traffic flow, driver behavior, and geometric variations. Also, a comparison between seventeen methods was made using virtual data. For a single-lane roundabout, Girabase and Swiss models estimated higher capacity values when compared with other models, while HCM 2010 estimated lower capacity. The Shamueli’s model provides an estimate of capacity about the same as the lower bound of the HCM 2000 model. Brilon’s model estimated lower capacity values for a multi-lane roundabout compared with other methods. At low circulating flow, the Girabase model estimated a higher capacity value, while with the increasing circulating flow, the FHWA2000 estimated a higher capacity than the Girabase model. Also, there is a bit of a difference between SIDRA 5 and 8.0. There is a small interval between models that are implemented in a single-lane roundabout. Therefore, the models are better at predicting the capacity of a single lane than they are at predicting the capacity of multiple lanes.
Investigation of operational properties of epoxy-sand compounds used in repair of machines
Authors:   Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI), Egunova T. N. , Baurova N. I. ,   Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI)
Published: March 2023

The results of a series of experimental studies of the properties of epoxy-sand compounds used in the repair of components of road construction machines are presented. The influence of the preparation of a dispersed filler on the properties and structure of the compound has been evaluated. The resistance of the epoxy-sand compounds to the effects of aggressive media (anti-icing materials) was investigated. The values of the friction coefficients of the epoxy-sand compound were determined. It was found that reducing the filler concentration provided the best resistance of epoxy-sand compounds to aggressive media and the best wear resistance of the compound.
Don pre-revolutionary historiography of the Caucasian war: from an unimportant war to the me-morial cult of YA.P. Baklanov
Authors:   South Federal University, Artyom Peretyatko
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to the phenomenon of the Caucasian War coverage in the Don pre-revolutionary historiography. The article shows that initially, in 1850-1870, the Caucasian War was not considered by the Don authors as a landmark event, and could not even be mentioned in the list of wars in which the Don Cossacks participated. It is established that the situation changed in the 1880s. under the influence of Russian historiography, in which the heroization of the image of Ya.P. Baklanov occurred. The author concludes many unclear statements about the degree of his real support, meaning the anniversary of Ya.P. Baklanov in 1909, after which Ya.P. Baklanov was included in the pantheon of Don heroes, but the celebration had a clearly expressed political background (monarchism and religiosity of the general were emphasized in every way). Only after this, publications of Don authors about the Caucasian War became regular, and they were financed from above, were patriotic, not scientific, and reduced the war to the exploits of Ya.P. Baklanov and several other Cossacks.
The records creation of the Nalchik mountain court: paperwork and provision of external commu-nication
Authors:   Kabardian-Balkarian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Alexey Abazov
Published: March 2023

The article examines the particularities of paperwork and documentary support of external com-munication in the activities of the Nalchik Mountain Court of Words (1871-1918). As record pa-perwork, the final court reports are considered (desktop logs, books for recording fines imposed by the court, registers of visible acts, logs of incoming and outgoing correspondence, alphabetical indexes of participants in the proceedings, books for accounting for peasants freed from serfdom, books for accounting for the money issued from the Kabardian public amount, etc.); documents about the organization and provision of court proceedings (women and petitions from the popula-tion, court minutes, sentences and decisions in civil and criminal cases, appeals, acts of medical institutions, executive lists, settlement transactions); documents related to the accompaniment of the relationship of guardianship and patronage; documents on the activities of the court of notarial nature; documents of reporting activities (statements, reports, etc.); documents on provision of external communication, etc. It is concluded that the documentation of the activities of the Nal-chik Mountain Court of Words based on a wide range of records, the application of which was regulated by relevant regulatory acts and reflected the specifics of its judicial, administrative, guardian, notarial and accounting activities.
A study of the socio-economic development of the South Caucasus in the 19th – early 20th cen-turies in pre-revolutionary and soviet historiography
Authors:   Dagestan State University, Almaz Ismailovа
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to the history of the socio-economic development researches of the South Caucasus in pre-revolutionary and Soviet historiography. This article determines the attitude of historians to the socio-economic situation in the South Caucasus in the XIX– early XX century. The ideas of the Caucasus, characteristic of the pre-revolutionary and Soviet schools, as a single historical and cultural region, as a region where there are all prerequisites for the development of the region’s economy, are highlighted. The summary of the researchers’ views, who note both the great ambitions of statehood and certain aspects of the socio-economic problems of the South Caucasus is conducted. The distinc-tiveness of Caucasian historiography is the study of works on individual areas, industries of the Caucasus, the complexity of the works written by them, an interdisciplinary approach to research. The peculiarities of the fact that the further development of Caucasian studies led to the differen-tiation of individual directions, to the isolation of various branches of Caucasian studies. The article studies the main trends of pre-revolutionary and Soviet historiography, notes various approaches to the assessment of historical experience, methodological principles of scien-tific research. It is concluded that despite the Russification and colonization policy of the tsarist govern-ment, there were progressive consequences of the socio–economic development of the South Cau-casus, which was confirmed by historiographical studies of both pre-revolutionary and Soviet his-torians.
Information documents of the GPU–OGPU in 1920s: experience of text mining (based on materi-als from the North Caucasus)
Authors:   Kuban State University, Alexander Rozhkov , Timofey Runaev
Published: March 2023

Using mass sources in historical research makes it possible to improve the representativeness of knowledge about the historical period. However, qualitative text analysis has limitations when working with a large array of data. Thus, in modern historical science is a need to involve com-puter («intellectual») analysis of texts for processing mass sources. Based on principles of the dis-course-historical approach, authors indicated the possibility of using the RStudio computer pro-gram for intellectual analysis of the voluminous corpus of information reports and reviews of the GPU–OGPU of the 1920s on the materials of the North Caucasus. In the first stage, the contextual-ization of the studied sources was carried out. The authors found that reports and reviews of the GPU-OGPU of different years had similar terminological, emotive and thematic composition. While maintaining the internal unity of the OGPU information documents on the North Caucasus, an increase in the number of topics in summaries and reviews has been revealed since 1925. Emo-tional aggravation and complication of the «Chekist» discourse intensified so much by the end of the 1920s that terminological composition of the documents of 1928-1929 differed significantly from composition of texts of previous years. Thus, the text mining of the reports and reviews of the GPU–OGPU demonstrated the transformation of the regional «Chekist» discourse, which was broadcast to the top leadership of the country. The applied approach allows minimizing subjectivi-ty of researcher’s assessments and conclusions.
The descriptive of new literature: the generation of relevant information levels
Authors:   Kabardian-Balkarian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tahir Tolgurov , Yuri Tkhagazitov , Larisa Appaeva ,   State Television and Radio Company of Kabardino-Balkarian Respublik
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of the folklore descriptions’ evolution and the problem of identifying traditional expressive structures as typological markers. The article argues that the theory of “accelerated development of literatures”, especially its provisions on the drift of expres-sive structures from the space of oral folk art into the author’s literature, is mainly the result of the impact on the ethnic culture of the theses of the ideological doctrines. Authors conclude about the stadial development of the description in the pre-literary period and propose a scheme for its functional classification, arguing that the archaic descriptions in texts is not the result of folklore aesthetics influence and cannot serve as a base for defining the literary system as a “new-written”. The main concept of the article is the existence of character descriptive layers, the emergence of which is associated with the corresponding evolutionary periods of the society's development and the oral folk art; levels providing for the modification of the information content of the described objects from unconditional and non–activated markers in a plot and characters, to highlight fea-tures and attributes used consciously and purposefully. Analysis of the evolutionary modifications of the description, analysis of its functional resources and capabilities leads the article's authors to the conclusion that some categories and concepts of the theory of “accelerated development” are incorrect in relation to the literatures of North Caucasus people. In addition, they raise the ques-tion if the donor impact models of alternative cultural representations on the traditional is appli-cable (in this case, on Russian) literatures.
Main plots and motives of the cycle about the Eshanoko brothers
Authors:   The Institute for the Humanities Research – Affiliated Kabardian-Balkarian Sci-entific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Mukhamed Bukhurov
Published: March 2023

Songs and legends dedicated to the Eshanoko brothers are one of the most artistically perfect and popular works of oral folk art among the Circassians. Evidence of this is the high frequency of their recording in records and publications, the wide geography of their existence, the diversity and richness of their plot composition. Researchers of the Adyge folklore focused on individual motifs and plots of the cycle under consideration. However, until now there are no special works devoted to a detailed description of the entire plot-motive fund of the cycle about the Eshanoko, which is the reason for our appeal to the designated topic. This study gives, as far as possible, a complete analytical description of the plot and the main motives of the songs and legends includ-ed in the named cycle, in connection with which special attention is paid to determining the main plots and motives according to the international indicators (AT, SUS, etc.), established features of the genesis, evolution and transformation of the main plot-forming elements. Because of the study of materials, it is concluded that, as in the Nart epos, folklore universals stand out in the cycle about the Eshanoko brothers, which are the motives and plots about the marriage of the father of the heroes, about their birth, heroic childhood, obtaining a horse, deeds and death. Many of them are like objectification to the elements of a heroic fairy tale. All this allows us to conclude that the cycle about the Eshanoko brothers was formed in close connection with the more ancient genres of the Adyge folklore, in particular, with the archaic Nart epic and heroic tales.
Peculiarities of the use of tropes in karachay-balkarian works of oral folk creativity (by the mate-rial of fairy tales about animals)
Authors:   The Institute for the Humanities Research – Affiliated Kabardian-Balkarian Sci-entific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leyla S. Gergokova
Published: March 2023

The special attention of scientists – writers, linguists, historians, ethnographers, folklorists, at all times was attracted by the study of folklore works, but so far there has not been a comprehensive study of the speech and genre originality of the Karachay-Balkarian folklore tale. Now there is a need to fill in the existing gaps in the assimilation of the issues of the linguistic embodiment of the studied genre. At the moment, the Karachay-Balkar fairy tales about animals are the most poorly studied, despite all the achievements of folklore researchers, many issues of studying artis-tic, visual, linguistic and stylistic features still remain unresolved. Based on scientific analysis in Karachay-Balkarian linguistics, using the experience of scientists-researchers of different nations in the study of modern linguistics and folklore, the article analyzes the indicated features of ani-malistic fairy tale texts of Karachays and Balkars. The paper considers such tropes as a stylistic device - personifications, lexical repetitions, gives a classification to epithets, and also focuses on previously unexplored, indefinite pronouns "bir" – "some" that abound in folklore works, acting as epithets. These artistic and expressive means are used to characterize the characters of the amazing world of animals and plants, to en-hance the expressiveness and emotionality of their language, which is the basis of the original cul-ture of the carrier people, which embodies the essential views and features of the national mentali-ty. It should be noted that for many centuries the language of fairy tales has been enriched with genre-forming and style-forming components, therefore, further multidimensional study of all is-sues related to these folklore works is necessary.
Dynamics of Changing Rural Demography (A Case Study of Villages in National Capital Region –Delhi)
Authors: Shukla Manoj
Published: March 2023

Migrants preferring to settle in the villages abutting urban centers avoiding slums and ghettos in metropolitan cities influences and changes rural demographics as migrants outnumber the host denizens who shift to the cities to leverage urban amenities for quality life and convenience. In this context of new dynamics in the rural socioeconomic setup the focus of the paper is to highlight positive factors which entice migrants towards villages and local denizens shifting to the cities. The study elucidates contributions of migrants in making rural economy vibrant and thriving with myriad new avenues for the host communities to prosper. In spite of being the harbinger of dynamism in rural landscapes, migrants are deprived of socio economic amenities and denied roles in local governess by supremacist thinking dominant status and local hierarchy. The need is to address there denied rights for inclusive and harmonious rural societies. Keywords: Dynamics, Migration, Demographics, Prosper Friction
Variability and learning in language change: The case of V2
Authors: Meisezahl Marc , Kirby Simon , Culbertson Jennifer
Published: March 2023

The loss of V2 has received considerable attention in the past with some theories linking it to learning (e.g. Lightfoot 1999, Yang 2002). Here, we use artificial language learning experiments to test, in a controlled setting, what factors affect learning of V2. Specifically, we build on previous work demonstrating a general beneficial effect of input variability. We explore the role of variation in clause-initial constituents by comparing artificial languages that differ both in the kinds of grammatical categories that tend to appear in initial position, and the level of variability present. We find that these different distributions of clause-initial constituents indeed affect V2 learning outcomes. However, contrary to our predictions, a language with the highest level of variability is not the best learnt. Rather, a language containing many adjunct-initial sentences was learnt best. We discuss the possibility that a high quantity of clause-initial adjuncts is in fact important to acquiring V2 grammars in natural language. We find further support for this in corpus data indicating a high proportion of adjunct-initial sentences in stable V2 languages and a low proportion in languages that had been in the process of losing V2. We also discuss the role of variability in grammatical categories rather than roles, which might give languages with many clause-initial adjuncts an advantage. Taken together, our findings establish the first evidence for a causal link between the reduction of evidence and the loss of V2.
Social Media Preference to Reach Young Indonesian Voters
Authors: Khasabu Suryo , Pawito Pawito , Rahmanto Andre Novie
Published: March 2023

Politics is currently exposed to information technology. The usage as a political communication channel is becoming increasingly broad and diversified. The significance of social media is heightened by the involvement of young people. This study examines the phenomena of using social media to seek out political information. Using a quantitative approach, researchers administered an online questionnaire to determine social media preferences. Twitter became the most popular site for political conversation, according to the findings. Meanwhile, TikTok is a popular social media platform among Indonesia's youth. Politicians and political parties should explore utilizing social media to connect with supporters. Nevertheless, it is vital to modify the type of communication and information that will be supplied in the future.
Broadening horizons: development of multi-site teamworking skills within interdisciplinary doctoral training
Authors: Cramman Helen , Eerola Paivi , Elliot Zara , Shields Lauren , Robson Jacquie , Whitton Nicola
Published: March 2023

Doctoral graduates are now expected to possess a range of teamworking and interdisciplinary collaboration skills beyond their disciplinary subject area, with many institutions providing additional training to facilitate such development. This study presents findings from a comprehensive exploration of an established, seven-month intensive, interdisciplinary doctoral training programme, investigating the degree to which training contributed to the development of teamworking skills and a multi-site working mentality for students. A concurrent mixed-methods design collected data across the programme with quantitative data analysed using Wilcoxon signed-rank testing and qualitative data analysed using inductive thematic analysis. Findings were interpreted within a Contribution Analysis framework. We found strong evidence that the programme contributed to students developing teamworking skills and in students seeing the potential benefits of multi-site working. We make recommendations relevant to an international audience for maximising opportunities for students to develop depth and breadth of skills and knowledge in intensive doctoral training programmes.
Wishing our friends would take it seriously: What predicts concern about friends’ behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic?
Authors: Ayers Jessica Daphne , Guevara Beltran Diego , Van Horn Andrew , Hurmuz-Sklias Hector , Cronk Lee , Todd Peter M. , Aktipis Athena
Published: March 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic drastically changed the ways in which social interactions happened. This is particularly true for valued social relationships such as friendships. Friendships provide many physical and mental health benefits, including buffering against loneliness during the pandemic, so contact and interactions with friends may have become more important during the pandemic. Additionally, an additional benefit of friendships is that they may have provided individuals with the ability to reduce their uncertainty and lower their risks during the pandemic. But, if individuals or their friends are not being careful about their risky behavior during this time, this could lead to conflict within these valued relationships. In this study, we investigated how COVID-19, demographics, and preferences for risk management influenced participants’ perceptions of their friendship during the pandemic. We found that participants who were more concerned about contracting COVID-19 and more likely to use risk retention reported having more conflict with their friends during the pandemic. These results suggest that there may be individual differences in risk tolerance of contracting COVID-19 and these differences fundamentally influence social relationships, loneliness, or social connectedness during the pandemic.
Comparison of logistic regression models for choice behavior using AIC weight
Authors: Kamiya Naoki
Published: March 2023

Since choice is no more than the voluntary substitution of one particular response to another, experimental procedures and data on choice behavior are important for analyzing the distribution of behavior. The analysis of choice behavior data in behavior analysis has been performed by three main types of methods. They are logit analysis, probit analysis and double logarithmic analysis. These analyses are often discussed in comparison with the predictions of the generalized matching law [@baum1974; -@baum1979].In this study, nine types of data were artificially generated that follow the generalized matching law, and three types of logistic regression analyses (logit transform model, probit transform model, and double log transform model) were performed. A comparison of the results of these analyses with AIC weight revealed that there are appropriate variable transformations depending on the statistical characteristics of the data being analyzed and that a particular transformation model does not always make good predictions.
The visual world paradigm for indexing phonological and semantic lexical co-activation in children: A methodological overview
Authors: McDonald Margarethe , López Assef Belén , Li Scarlet W. Y. , Zamuner Tania S.
Published: March 2023

The visual world paradigm (VWP) can be used to understand the time-course of activation of words and their competitors during spoken word recognition. A target word is presented auditorily (e.g., ‘candy’) while the target word and its competitors are presented visually. Competitors are words that may be activated briefly despite not being the target word. They can sound similar (e.g., ‘candle’), have related meaning (e.g., ‘pie’), or be related in some other way to a presented word (e.g., perceptually related such as a ‘rope’ and ‘snake’). The visual world paradigm allows the researcher to examine what words, from a fixed set of images on the screen, the participant is considering. This is time locked in milliseconds, typically starting from the target word presentation and before the participant has fully recognized the target word. There are many linguistic applications and variations to the task. In our manuscript, we describe a 4-image version of the VWP for use in a study with French-speaking children between ages 3-7 years old. Our task allows for the examination of both phonological and semantic co-activation of auditorily presented words. Children complete 36 test trials during the experiment. During a test trial, a set of 4 images are presented equidistant from the center of the screen. One image is the ‘target’ and the other three images are either competitors (phonologically or semantically related) or unrelated to the target. Children hear the label of the target image. In our version, children are also instructed to point at the corresponding image to establish word choice. Children’s looks to the images are indexed during the first 2000 ms after the onset of the auditory word. Analyses examine children’s looks, not just to the labeled target image, but also to the competitors. This gives researchers insight into the activation and inhibition of presented and competing words during the time-course of spoken word recognition.
Histomorphological study of lichenoid dermatitides – A retrospective study
Authors: Selvam Kalaivani , Bharathi Pradeep  , Jadhav Chaithra , Udayashankar Carounanidy
Published: March 2023

Background: Lichenoid dermatitis is a very common dermatological condition and is defined by features of basal cell damage and a dense band-like infiltration at the dermo-epidermal junction. There is a wide range of lesions included under this and the prototype lesion is Lichen Planus.
Aims and Objectives: The aims of this study were to study the histopathological spectrum of the conditions with lichenoid tissue reaction and to find clinicopathological concordance of the lichenoid lesions.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in a tertiary care center, where all the skin biopsy cases diagnosed clinically and/or histologically as lichenoid dermatitis for 2 years (2018–2019) were included in the study. Demographic details, clinical diagnosis, histological diagnosis, and the different histological features were collected from the respective case sheets and biopsy reports and entered in an excel worksheet. Frequency and percentages were used to represent the data.
Results: A total of 47 cases were clinically diagnosed as lichenoid dermatitis, of which 38 cases showed concordance between clinical and histopathological diagnosis. Nine cases showed discordance between clinical and histopathological diagnosis and were categorized as lesions without lichenoid features. Seven cases were diagnosed as lichenoid dermatitis only on the histopathological study with an absence of such a differential diagnosis clinically. Out of the total 45 cases diagnosed as lichenoid dermatitis, 27 were lichen planus, five were lichen planus pigmentosus, four were hypertrophic lichen planus, three were lichenoid dermatitis, and two cases each of lichen planopilaris, lichen keratosis, and lichen sclerosis. Lichenoid dermatitis was seen commonly among the 41–50 years age group. Females were more commonly affected than males.
Conclusion: Lichen planus is the prototype lesion among the lichenoid dermatitides. Definitive diagnosis of the specific entity among the lichenoid lesions is important as decision-making regarding the treatment modality and prognosis of the patient depends on it. Histopathological examination is vital for the definitive diagnosis, along with clinical correlation which concludes that clinicopathological correlation is the key.
A clinical observational study of intestinal stoma and their complication from a tertiary care center in India
Authors: Tushar Kanti Saradar  , Puja Ganguly  , Jorge Pal  , Gautam Ghosh  , Bikash Chandra Ghosh
Published: March 2023

Background: The present study is designed to deal with an indication of various stoma surgery, type of stoma formed, and various ju=of General surgery, RG Kar Medical College and hospital, Kolkata, from June 2020 to May 2021 The study includes patients 12 years and <65 years of populations All data were collected in a prospective manner with a questionnaire and analyzed.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to study various type of stoma and their indication and to identify the various complication encountered that occurs after the construction of intestinal stomas to assess the ways in which these complication can be minimized and managed in a better way.
Materials and Methods: This was a prospective and observational study conducted in the Department of General Surgery, R.G.KAR Medical College and Hospital both the emergency and elective department. The study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee.
Results: From the study, it was observed that among the study population, most were male 32 (80%) than female 8 (20%). There were two peak age group found to undergo stoma surgery most of which is 31–40 years consisting of 25 (27.5%) and 51–60 years consisting of 25 (27.5%). Most of the stoma surgery was found to be done in emergency 31 (77.5%) than in elective 9 (22.5%) setting. The most common cause of stoma formation was found to be hollow viscous perforation 12 (30%). Among the type of stoma ileostomy is more common than colostomy. Loop stoma formations are more common than end stoma and double barrel stoma. The most common complication following stoma surgery was found to be skin excoriation 30%.
Conclusion: Stoma surgery was associated with a high rate of complication irrespective of the surgical expertise, surgical setup, and per operative planning resulting in higher morbidity. With meticulous dissection, post-operative stoma care, early detection, and management of complications, also patient education helps to achieve good outcomes following stoma surgery.
Outcome of intertrochanteric fracture managed with proximal femoral nail antirotation 2
Authors: Ghimire Kathit Raj , Wod Rupesh , Pokharel Jhapindra , Adhikari Sabina , Gurung Subash , Baral Yadunath N , Pant Mahendra
Published: March 2023

Background: Intertrochanteric fracture is a common condition seen in elderly population which is managed with operative procedure in the department of orthopedics. The proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA) system was developed by the AO/ASIF in 2004 for this fracture that provides optimal anchoring and stability when the implant is inserted into the osteoporotic bone. The main characteristic of the implant is the use of a single blade with a large surface area and insertion of the blade compacts the cancellous bone.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to study the functional outcome of intertrochanteric fracture managed with PFNA2.
Materials and Methods: The prospective and observational study was conducted in patients diagnosed with intertrochanteric fracture admitted in orthopedic ward, Western Regional Hospital, Pokhara. Pre- and post-operative fracture alignment, Harris hip score (HHS), post-operative complications were taken into account.
Results: Out of 55 cases taken into study, 36 (65.45%) were male and 19 (34.55%) were female. Maximum number of patients allocated in our study falls in 71–80 years group (29%) with least number in age group of 90 years or more (1.9%). Right-sided intertrochanteric fracture were 27 (49%) and left side involved were 28 (51%). Twenty-eight (51%) falls in Type II and 27 (49%) falls in Type III Boyd and Griffin intertrochanteric fractures. There was a marked improvement in fracture alignment after the operation with various parameters taken into consideration. Pre-operative HHS was 5.52±5.38 (Poor) and immediately after the procedure, it was 30.41±3.04 (Poor), 89.86±3.59 (Good) at 6 months, and 95.56±1.257 (Excellent) at 12 months. One case had blade cut out at immediate post-operative period, eight cases had surgical site infection, and five cases had GT fracture.
Conclusion: This study showed that PFNA2 is an effective operative procedure in management of intertrochanteric fractures by achieving better fixation through bone impaction especially in osteoporotic bone.
Nasogastric tube insertion in anesthetized, intubated adult patients: A comparison between conventional blind insertion technique and “throat pack in situ” technique
Authors: Roy Vaskar , Maitra Sanjay , Mandal Sangita , Chakraborty Soma , Arpita Laha  , Mandal Mohanchandra
Published: March 2023

Background: Correct placement of nasogastric tube (NGT) placement often becomes difficult in anesthetized, intubated adult patients due to lack of cooperation from patient and the propensity of the tube to travel the same course of path. Preexisting throat pack is supposed to resist the normal passage of the NGT as per common belief. Only one study has evaluated this in pediatric population and the result is encouraging.
Aims and Objectives: Hence, the present study has been carried out in adult population to compare the success rate of correct placement of NGT in anesthetized intubated adult patients with the pharyngeal (throat) pack in its position in comparison with no throat pack. This is to examine the effect of preexisting throat pack whether it assists or resists the normal passage of the NGT.
Materials and Methods: One hundred and eighty patients were recruited for this interventional and single-blind study. After induction of anesthesia and intubation, the patients were randomized to receive NGT insertion following either blind insertion of the NGT without a pharyngeal pack (group A, n=90) or receive the NGT placement in the same technique but after placement of a pharyngeal pack. The success rate of correct placement of NGT in the first attempt (primary outcome), the procedure time, and adverse events was recorded.
Results: Successful insertion of NGT in first attempt was considerably higher in throat pack in situ group compared to blind insertion without a throat pack 81 (90%) versus 63 (70%), respectively (P=0.001). The procedure time for successful placement of NGT was found comparable between the two groups. Significant decrease in coiling is seen in “throat pack in situ” group compared with blind insertion technique (P=0.003).
Conclusion: In view of considerable higher success rate and reduced adverse events, it can be concluded that the pre-existing appropriately placed throat pack can facilitate the placement of NGT instead of putting any hindrance.
Influence of sociodemographic factors, diagnostic variations, and phenomenology toward the treatment response in adolescent catatonia in a tertiary care centre in Eastern India
Authors: Majumder Uttam , Biswas Parthasarathy , Biswas Jagadish , Layek Avik Kumar
Published: March 2023

Background: Catatonia remains an area of lesser research especially in the adolescent age group. It has subtle differences in the presentation and background diagnoses as compared to adult catatonia. There is paucity of literatures regarding the role of different sociodemographic and clinical factors attributing to different treatment response.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the association of socio-demographic features, background psychiatric diagnoses, and different catatonic symptoms with treatment outcome of adolescent catatonia.
Materials and Methods: The study considered 10–19 years old patients admitted in the in-patient department as per diagnostic and statistical manual diagnosis. They were assessed by Pediatric Catatonia Rating Scale (PCRS) and treated with lorazepam initially with varying dosage and duration. Modified electroconvulsive therapy was administered in resistance. Factors of these two groups were statistically analyzed to assess predictability towards outcome.
Results: There were 47 participants with mean age of 16.66±1.21 years of whom 29.8% showed positive family history of different psychiatric illnesses. Most of them came with schizophrenia and related disorders (53.2%), though mood disorders, conversion and organic brain diseases were also there. Among them 30 (63.8%) patients responded to lorazepam treatment. Positive family history, urban background, and catatonic severity in terms of higher PCRS score showed predictability to lorazepam non-response. Clinical features such as stupor, staring, negativism, withdrawal, mutism, urinary incontinence and refusal to eat or drink were associated with non-response, whereas waxy flexibility, stereotypy, verbigeration, and mannerism were seen in the response group.
Conclusion: There is need to identify warning signs such as family history, greater symptom load and certain clinical features that can lead to resistance to the treatment with benzodiazepines based on this study. It can necessitate further large-scale study to alleviate disease burden to this young and productive population.
A clinico-pathological study of thyroid nodules and correlation among ultrasonographic, cytologic, and histologic findings
Authors: Rajarshi Sannigrahi  , Ganesh Chandra Gayen  , Ray Ritam
Published: March 2023

Background: Nodular thyroid is a common occurrence affecting 5% of the population.
Aims and Objectives: To find the prevalence of thyroid nodules, to study the clinico-biochemical profile of the patients with thyroid nodules and to establish a correlation between pre-operative ultrasonography and fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) with post-operative histopathologic findings.
Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Kolkata over 1.5 years. Patients with clinically detectable nodules posted for surgery were evaluated clinically, biochemically, ultrasonographically (USG), and cytologically with FNAC. Histopathologic examination (HPE) was done post-surgery. Comparison was done between those with benign and malignant nodules. Correlation was done between pre-operative USG, FNA, and post-operative HPE of the nodules.
Results: Out of 322 cases during the study period, the prevalence of clinically detectable thyroid nodule posted for surgery was 39 (12.58%). Most of the patients were euthyroid (94.9%), had nodules in left lobe (41.5%). Most of the nodules were heteroechoic (56.5%) and majority were THY3 nodules (48.7%) on FNAC. On HPE, malignancy was found in 20.5% of the nodules. Compared to benign nodules, malignant nodules were more commonly larger, on the left lobe, solid, hypoechoic, with spiculated margins, punctate calcification, and having associated neck nodes (pall < 0.03). Out of 11 cases, which were radiologically predicted to be malignant, 10 had THY ≥3 on FNA, and 8 were malignant on HPE. USG had a sensitivity, specificity, positive, and negative predictive value of 87.5%, 87.1%, 63.63%, and 96.43% in predicting malignancy.
Conclusion: Pre-operative ultrasonography for thyroid nodules can predict malignancy with sufficient sensitivity and specificity and can obviate the need for unnecessary FNAC in many cases and also suggest imminent need for surgery rather than FNAC in very high risk cases.
Reconstruction following full-thickness excision of abdominal wall tumors: A prospective observational study conducted in a tertiary care Government Hospital in Eastern India
Authors: Chaturvedi Vikram , Santu Kumar Chejara  , Monali Patole Mukherjee  , Dipankar Mukherjee
Published: March 2023

Background: Reconstruction of abdominal wall defects following full-thickness excision of large tumors (primary or metastatic) has always been a challenge for the treating surgeon. A number of reconstructive techniques have been described in the literature, including different types of meshes, flaps, and component separation techniques (anterior and amp; posterior), with varying results. We conducted a prospective observational study of our three-layer technique of abdominal wall closure at Medical College Hospital, Kolkata, to assess the long-time success of the procedure, especially in terms of hernia rates.
Aims and Objectives: Reconstruction of abdominal wall defects following full-thickness excision of large tumors (primary or metastatic) has challenged surgeons for long, with several reconstructive techniques being described, with varying results. We conducted a prospective observational study of our three-layer technique of abdominal wall closure at Medical College Hospital, Kolkata, to assess the long-time success of our procedure, especially in terms of hernia rates.
Materials and Methods: Thirteen patients with abdominal wall primary and isolated metastatic tumors were included from January 2017 to January 2022 with follow-up period from 8 to 60 months. Tumors were dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, sarcomas, desmoid tumors, and two abdominal wall metastases. All patients in our study underwent computed tomography scan, core needle biopsy, and immunohistochemistry for better surgical planning.
Results: Eight patients were male and five were female with mean age of 39 years and mean defect size of 10 cm. Polypropylene mesh was used, size varying from 15×15 to 30×30 cm with average operative time of 210 min. Post-operative superficial wound infection in 2 (15%), partial flap necrosis in 1 (7.6%), and tumor recurrence in one patient (7.6%) were seen.
Conclusion: For closure of such large abdominal wall defects, our three-layer reconstructive technique has shown good results in terms of zero hernia rates. We recommend our method of closure, where affordability of biological meshes, availability of expensive meshes, accessibility to plastic and reconstructive surgeons or non-acquaintance with complex closure techniques are present.