bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GEOINFORMATION FOR RESEARCH OF ONGOING GEODYNAMIC PROCESSES
IN THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA
Authors: Kuveždić Divjak A. , Govorčin M. , Matoš B. , Đapo A. , Stipčević J. , Pribičević B.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Multidisciplinary research of surface geodynamic processes is important for understanding mechanisms that lead to sudden release of accumulated strain energy, i.e. earthquakes. It requires development of an original scientific approach which combines data from various geosciences such as geodesy, geology and seismology. This implies that each geoscience contributes to a better understanding by providing specific direct or indirect information on activity (spatial movements) and properties of seismogenic sources (faults). In recent years, new and accessible sources and types of geoinformation have greatly enhanced, enabling a more comprehensive investigation of ongoing geodynamic activity on faults and, therefore, improve our ability to develop approaches to assess and mitigate the seismic hazard and risk within the earthquake-prone areas. In this paper, we seek to identify the geoinformation required to improve the current knowledge on regional and local geodynamic processes in the Republic of Croatia. Focusing on the complementarity of geodetic, geological and seismological data, we discuss possible sources of the diverse sets of site-specific geospatial data. Examples include: ground/surface movement observations with Global Navigational Satellite Systems (GNSS) and Satellite Radar Interferometry (InSAR); data about historical and instrumental seismicity (e.g. focal mechanism solutions, number of earthquakes, b-value, etc.); fault location, fault geometrical properties and information on their neotectonic activity, paleoseismological data, etc. Challenges regarding the integrated use of these data, such as heterogeneity of data sources, access protocols, metadata standards, data quality, up-to-dateness, and other limitations are also addressed.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF TAXONOMY, STANDARDISATION AND AVAILABILITY OF CARTOGRAPHIC SYMBOL SETS FOR CRISIS MAPPING
Authors: Kuveždić Divjak A. , Pribičević B. , Đapo A.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Cartographic symbols on crisis maps serve as the means of depicting information about the position, properties, and/or numerical values of objects, phenomena or actions specific to crisis mapping. The aim of symbology for many crisis cartographic visualisations are simple, clear, aesthetically pleasing symbols that can be easily used and understood by a wide range of crisis map users. If they are incomprehensible, illegible, ambiguous, unclassified, and random, if they lack hierarchical organisation and other characteristics which are important when designing a cartographic symbol set, they can fail to deliver the intended message. In addition to effective graphic design, cartographic symbol sets for crisis mapping are facing additional challenges, including consideration of their availability (sharing and promotion, dissemination and promulgation) and standardisation (ensuring the general and repeatable use of map symbols). To determine the extent of these challenges and to assess the current state of the cartographic symbology for crisis mapping we have compiled and compared the prominent examples of symbol sets that were promoted in the cartographic scientific and crisis mapping community in recent years. We pay particular attention to those sets that have gone through a new, reviewed or extended edition. We research whether the latest changes incorporated follow the recognised challenges posed to the crisis mapping symbology.
ASSESSING OPENSTREETMAP URBAN NETWORK OF ORAN CITY
Authors: Meguenni B. , Hafid M. A.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. OpenStreetMap (OSM) uses the Open Database License, it is a collaborative project that collects a rich set of vector data provided by volunteers. It is a global collection of mapping data that can be used for a wide variety of purposes. Many third-party online maps are based on OpenStreetMap data. Currently, more and more large organizations are choosing OSM for their maps. In addition, the analysis of the spatial quality of the OSM data shows that particular care must be taken. However, there are several methods for assessing the quality of the OSM data by comparing the OSM to an authoritative dataset. In this context, it is essential to develop an automatic procedure to improve its spatial quality. This work proposes a quantitative method for comparing the quality of the OSM and an authoritative data set on urban networks in the city of Oran (Algeria). The procedure is based on python modules in a GIS environment and provides measurements of the spatial accuracy and completeness of the OSM road network. The method is applied to assess the quality of the Oran OSM road network data set through a comparison with the official Algerian dataset. The results show that the OSM's Algerian road network is very complete, but with low spatial accuracy.
DAMAGE ESTIMATION OF EXPLOSIONS IN URBAN ENVIRONMENTS BY
SIMULATION
Authors: Mohr L. , Benauer R. , Leitl P. , Fraundorfer F.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Precise models of the impact of explosions in urban environments provide novel and valuable information in disaster management for developing precautionary, preventive and mitigating measures. Yet to date, no methods enabling accurate predictions of the process and effect of detonations at particular locations exist. We propose a novel approach mitigating this gap by combining state-of-the-art methods from photogrammetric 3D reconstruction, semantic segmentation and computational based numerical simulations. In a first step, we create an accurate urban 3D reconstruction from georeferenced aerial images. The resulting city model is then enriched with semantic information obtained from the original source images as well as from registered terrestrial images using deep neural networks. This allows for an efficient automatic preparation of a 3D model suitable for the use as a geometry for the numerical investigations. Using this approach, we are able to provide recent and precise models of an area of interest in an automated fashion. Within the model, we are now able to define the explosive charge size and location and simulate the resulting blast wave propagation using CFD simulation. This provides a full estimation for the expected pressure propagation of a defined charge size. From these results, arising damages and their extent, as well as possible access routes or countermeasures, can be estimated. Using georeferenced sources allows for the integration and utilization of simulation results into existing geoinformation systems of disaster management units, providing novel inputs for training, preparation and prevention. We demonstrate our proposed approach by evaluating expected glass breakage and expected damages impairing the structural integrity of buildings depending on the charge size using a 3D reconstruction from aerial images of an area in the inner city of Graz, Austria.
PRE- and POST-STORM LiDAR SURVEYS FOR ASSESSMENT OF IMPACT ON COASTAL EROSION
Authors: Montreuil A.-L. , Chen M. , Esquerré A. , Houthuys R. , Moelans R. , Bogaert P.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Sustainable management of the coastal resources requires a better understanding of the processes that drive coastline change. The coastline is a highly dynamic sea-terrestrial interface. It is affected by forcing factors such as water levels, waves, winds, and the highest and most severe changes occur during storm surges. Extreme storms are drivers responsible for rapid and sometimes dramatic changes of the coastline. The consequences of the impacts from these events entail a broad range of social, economic and natural resource considerations from threats to humans, infrastructure and habitats. This study investigates the impact of a severe storm on coastline response on a sandy multi-barred beach at the Belgian coast. Airborne LiDAR surveys acquired pre- and post-storm covering an area larger than 1 km2 were analyzed and reproducible monitoring solutions adapted to assess beach morphological changes were applied. Results indicated that the coast retreated by a maximum of 14.7 m where the embryo dunes in front of the fixed dunes were vanished and the foredune undercut. Storm surge and wave attacks were probably the most energetic there. However, the response of the coastline proxies associated with the mean high water line (MHW) and dunetoe (DuneT) was spatially variable. Based on the extracted beach features, good correlations (r>0.73) were found between coastline, berm and inner intertidal bar morphology, while it was weak with the most seaward bars covered in the surveys. This highlights the role of the upper features on the beach to protect the coastline from storm erosion by reducing wave energy. The findings are of critical importance in improving our knowledge and forecasting of coastline response to storms, and also in its translation into management practices.
FLOOD HAZARD MAPPING AT LONG XUYEN QUADRANGLE IN 2015 USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION AND REMOTE SENSING
Authors: Diep N. T. H. , Duy T. H. , Diem P. K. , Nam N. T. B. , Huong N. T. T.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. In recent year, the flooding has been occurred with higher frequency at Long Xuyen Quadrangle areas of Mekong Delta, Vietnam. It was considered as a major natural disaster which effects on the physical and spiritual in people’s life in this area. This research aims to generate a flood hazard map and assess the flood situation at Long Xuyen quadrangle in 2015. The MNDWI (Modification of Normalized Difference Water Index) extracting from Sentinel 2 image was used to map the flood extent at Long Xuyen quadrangle during rainy season in 2015. The statistics method was estimated correlation coefficient between flooding spatial distribution and hydrological stations on SPSS software. The results showed that the severe flood occurred from August to December in 2015. There were about 47.6% and 28.2% of the total area were inundated in October and August, respectively. The correlation between inundated areas and water level at Ha Tien and Chau Doc hydrological stations was 0.73 and 0.65 (p <0.01), respectively. The derived information was very essential and valuable for local managers in making decision on responding and mitigating to the flood disaster.
FLOOD IMPACT-BASED FORECASTING FOR EARLY WARNING AND EARLY ACTION IN TANA RIVER BASIN, KENYA
Authors: Otieno O. M. , Abdillahi H. S. , Wambui E. M. , Kiprono K. S.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Kenya is mostly affected by floods during the March-April-May (MAM) and October-November-December (OND) rainfall. This often occurs along river basins such as the Tana river basin, leading to disruption of people’s livelihoods, loss of lives, infrastructure destruction and interruption of economic activities. This study used openly available data on flood exposure, vulnerability, lack of coping capacity, flood impacts and observed satellite rainfall to analyse and predict forecast-based impacts in Tana river. Earth observation satellites including LANDSAT, sentinel 1 and 2 were acquired based on credible flood event dates to validate flood exposure and flood events. The community risk assessment (CRA) approach was used to delineate communities at high risk of floods using combination of data on vulnerability, flood exposure and lack of coping capacity. Using an ordinary least squares (OLS) predictive model, observed satellite rainfall was used as a covariate in order to predict flood impacts on communities with high flood risk scores in Tana river. Weighted scores from the CRA dimensions were summed up with forecasted hazards from the OLS model in order to derive a flood impact-based forecast. The flood impact information is to be used in forecast-based action through early warning, early action protocols thereby reducing impacts of potential floods in communities living in high flood risk areas based on the flood risk map.
PRECISE RADIONUCLIDE LOCALIZATION USING UAV-BASED LIDAR AND
GAMMA PROBE WITH REAL-TIME PROCESSING
Authors: Schraml S. , Hinterhofer T. , Pfennigbauer M. , Hofstätter M.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. In this work we propose an effective radiation source localization device employing a RIEGL VUX-1UAV laser scanner and a highly sensitive Hotzone Technologies gamma radiation probe mounted on a RiCOPTER UAV combined with real-time data processing. The on-board processing and radio communication system integrated within the UAV enables instant and continuously updated access to georeferenced 3D lidar point clouds and gamma radiation intensities. Further processing is done fully automated on the ground. We present a novel combination of both the 3D laser data and the gamma readings within an optimization algorithm that can locate the radioactive source in real-time. Furthermore, this technique can be used to estimate an on-ground radiation intensity, which also considers the actual topography as well as radiation barriers like vegetation or buildings. Results from field tests with real radioactive sources show that single sources can be located precisely, even if the source was largely covered. Outcomes are displayed to the person in charge in an intuitive and user-friendly way, e.g. on a tablet. The whole system is designed to operate in real-time and while the UAV is in the air, resulting in a highly flexible and possibly life-saving asset for firstresponders in time-critical scenarios.
DEEP LEARNING-BASED ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN CLIMATE CHANGE AND CROP YIELD IN CHINA
Authors: Cho S. , Lee Y.-W.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Climate change is an important factor in vegetation growth, and it is very significant to understand the relationship between climate change and rice yield. China is a food-importing country whose grain consumption is higher than grain production, and which relies on imports of rice, soybean, wheat and other grains. Therefore, in order to secure food security for 1.6 billion people in China, it is necessary to grasp the relationship between climate change and rice yield. In this study, 16 administrative districts in China were selected and designated as study area. This study used annual rice production from the USDA (United States Department of Agriculture) for each of China’s major administrative regions from 1979 to 2009, as well as average climate data from July to August, which were meteorological observations collected from the CRU (Climate Research Unit). Using this data, the rice crop was increased in 10 administrative regions in China and the reduction in rice harvest in 6 administrative areas was confirmed. The relationship between selected rice production and climate change was nonlinear and modelled using a deep neural network, and the validation statistics showed that the performance of DNN was 32-33% better than that of MLR (multiple linear regression). Therefore, a more quantitative analysis of the relationship between climate change and rice yield changes has been made possible through our prediction model. This study is expected to contribute to better food self-sufficiency in China and forecast future grain yields.
Efficacy of using radar-derived factors in landslide susceptibility analysis: case study of Koslanda, Sri Lanka
Authors: Ranasinghe Ahangama Kankanamge Rasika Nishamanie , Bandara Ranmalee , Puswewala Udeni Gnanapriya Anuruddha , Dammalage Thilantha Lakmal
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Through the recent technological developments of radar
and optical remote sensing in (i) the areas of temporal, spectral, spatial,
and global coverage; (ii) the availability of such images either at a low
cost or free of charge; and (iii) the advancement of tools developed in
image analysis techniques and GIS for spatial data analysis, there is a vast
potential for landslide studies using remote sensing and GIS as tools.
Hence, this study aimed to assess the efficacy of using radar-derived factors (RDFs) in identifying landslide susceptibility using the bivariate
information value method (InfoVal method) and the multivariate multi-criteria
decision analysis based on the analytic hierarchy process statistical analysis.
Using identified landslide causative factors, four landslide prediction
models – bivariate with and without RDFs as well as multivariate with and without RDFs – were generated. Twelve factors such as topographical, hydrological, geological,
land cover and soil plus three RDFs are considered. The weight of index for
landslide susceptibility is calculated by using the landslide failure map, and susceptibility regions are categorized into four classes as very low, low, moderate, and high susceptibility to landslides. With the integration of
RDFs, boundary detection between high- and very-low-susceptibility regions are
increased by 7 % and 4 % respectively.
Multi-element ducts for ducted wind turbines: a numerical study
Authors: Dighe Vinit V. , Avallone Francesco , Igra Ozer , van Bussel Gerard
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Multi-element ducts are used to improve the aerodynamic performance of ducted wind turbines (DWTs). Steady-state, two-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations are performed for a multi-element duct geometry consisting of a duct and a flap; the goal is to evaluate the effects on the aerodynamic performance of the radial gap length and the deflection angle of the flap. Solutions from inviscid and viscous flow calculations are compared. It is found that increasing the radial gap length results in an augmentation of the total thrust generated by the DWT, whereas a larger deflection angle has an opposite effect. Reasonable to good agreement is seen between the inviscid and viscous flow calculations, except for multi-element duct configurations characterized by large flap deflection angles. The viscous effects become stronger at large flap deflection angles, and the inviscid calculations are incapable of taking this phenomenon into account.
Growing Old in the Margins in Lima, Perú
Authors: Zegarra Chiappori Magdalena
Published: August 2019

n/a
The Influence of English Pronunciation System on Spelling Errors Among Saudi Students
Authors: Altamimi Dheifallah , Rashid Radzuwan Ab
Published: August 2019

This paper discusses how English pronunciation system causes spelling errors among undergraduate Saudi students. The research participants were five students in English Language Department at Tabuk University and five English language lecturers from the same department. Semi-structured interviews designed for the lecturers and students, as well writing task distributed to the students were used to generate data for the study. The findings reveal that phonological differences between English and Arabic cause difficulty in the learners’ spelling. The students strive to write words in a similar way to how they are pronounced as they are unaware of the rules of English pronunciation which is totally different from their mother-tongue. The confusion with English pronunciation system causes several spelling errors, such as the errors related to final [e], vowels, silent letters and double consonants. This paper concludes that the Arab students need to be familiarized with English pronunciation system and they need to be made aware that English words are not necessarily spelt as how they are pronounced, which is in contrast to their mother tongue.
Influence of Structure and Physical-Mechanical Characteristics of Threads on the Strength of Binding the Books
Authors: Kibirkstis Edmundas , Havenko Svitlana , Gegeckienė Laura , Khadzhynova Svitlana , Kadyliak Myroslava
Published: August 2019

In this study was analyzed the physical-mechanical properties and characteristics of different type of threads (linen, polyamide, cotton, polyester, silky) for blocks sewing. Investigated the brochure block binding with reduced threads surface friction coefficient, physical-mechanical parameters analysis. An important step in calculating the strength of threads for book sections and book blocks sewing is the choice of the strength criterion. For this purpose, are analyzed the influence of the structure of cotton and polyamide threads antifriction. Here was made the book binding process optimization with different types of the thread. It has been determined that the strongest book binding is with the polyamide type thread.
Using a non-conforming meshes method to simulate an interaction be-tween incompressible flow and rigid and elastic boundaries
Authors: Abid Mattie Anas , Alizadeh Asad
Published: August 2019

The interaction between incompressible fluids and elastic and rigid boundaries is seen in many medical, engineering and natural issues. The immersed interface method is used as a non-conforming meshes method to simulate such problems. In this method, the effect of the presence of a body immersed in a fluid is considered by adding a force term to the Navier-Stokes equations. An important advantage of this method is that there is no compulsion to adapt the fluid grids and the boundary grids. First, the flow around a circular cylinder was simulated. As the Reynolds number rises, the vortex dimensions become larger and, as a result, the separation angle of the flow increases. Also, with the Reynolds number increasing, the drag coefficient decreases and the Strouhal number increases and the flow separated from cylinder and two symmetrical vortices is generated behind the cylinder. Then, the behavior of an elastic boundary in shear flow was investigated. It was observed that by increasing bending modulus (increasing stiffness) of body the shape change of the boundary decreases. As well as the tank-treading motion is also observed that this type of movement has been confirmed in experiments.Also observed that the sick cell makes smaller defor-mation, while the normal cell is more deformed and easier passes  the stenosis. This results in reduction of the flow rate in stenosis.This behavior is caused by a type of dis-ease called sickle cell anemia.
On Misinterpretation of Mach, Poincare and Weber by A.L. Nikiforov
Authors: Antonovski Alexander Yu. ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: August 2019

The article disproves the panel thesis of A.L. Nikiforov. The fallacy of his assertion that the ideas of Max Weber represent a marginal direction of the development of science, connected with the purely social interest of this thinker, is revealed. In turn, it is proved that the attribution of the idea of realism and the correspondent theory of truth to E. Mach and H. Poincare is incorrect or restrictedly possible.
On the Burden of Technology and the Mission of Scientist
Authors: Kasavina Nadezhda A. ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: August 2019

The whole problem under our collective investigation, as I view it, is about understanding the human situation in terms of the impact of technology. The union of science and technology still resides within the limits of a “practical anthropocentrism” (Marsel G.), that is increasing satisfaction of human needs. An advancement in science and technology is accompanied by the desacralization of culture and the crisis of humanism. An awareness of the growing environmental, cultural, existential problems leads to the necessity to shift the vectors of scientific inquiry and technological development. In this process, the role and mission of the humanities is an articulation and promotion of human perspectives of science and technological progress. The humanities’ mission consists in attracting attention of scientists and society to humanizing technology and its aiming not only towards the growth of power over nature, but also to the making of a new relationship to the humans, to solving global problems.
Citizen Science – Science as a Vocation
Authors: Maslanov Evgeny V. , Dolmatov Anton V. ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: August 2019

The author analyzes contemporary technoscience. He claims that for the functioning of technoscience it is necessary to train a large number of specialists with higher education. Not all of them are employed in scientific and research organizations. Some of the people who have a higher education but are not professionally engaged in science, participate in the implementation of various citizen science projects. As a result, two groups of scientists can be distinguished: professional scientists and amateur scientists. For the former, scientific activity is a profession, whereas for the citizen scientists it can rather be described in terms of satisfying their curiosity.
Yablo’s Paradox: Is the Infinite Liar Lying to Us?
Authors: Nekhaev Andrei V. ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: August 2019

In 1993, the American logic S. Yablo was proposed an original infinitive formulation of the classical ≪Liar≫ paradox. It questioned the traditional notion of self-reference as the basic structure for semantic paradoxes. The article considers the arguments underlying two different approaches to analysis of proposals of the ≪Infinite Liar≫ and understanding of the genuine sources for semantic paradoxes. The first approach (V. Valpola, G.-H. von Wright, T. Bolander, etc.) imposes responsibility for the emergence of semantic paradoxes on the negation of the truth predicate. It deprives the ≪Infinite Liar≫ sentences of consistent truth values. The second approach is based on a modified version of anaphoric prosententialism (D. Grover, R. Brandom, etc.). The concepts of truth and falsehood are treated as special anaphoric operators. Logical constructs similar to the ≪Infinite Liar≫ do not attribute any definite truth values to sentences from which they are composed, but only state certain types of relations between the semantic content of such sentences.
The “Open Texture” of Empirical Concepts and Linguistic Anti-Reductionism of Friedrich Waismann
Authors: Ogleznev Vitaly V. ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: August 2019

The article presents a careful analysis of the idea of the “open texture” of empirical concepts and the problems of verification in the way that they were formulated by Friedrich Waismann. The idea of the “open texture” means for Waismann a certain type of a linguistic indeterminacy or a sort of lack of definition, which must be distinguished from, and linked to, another types like vagueness or ambiguity. It is shown that empirical statements are not conclusively verifiable for two different reasons: the incompleteness of description of the material object and the open texture of the terms involved. We cannot conclusively verify statements in which the empirical concepts are used, because we cannot define these concepts in an exhaustive way because of their open texture. Thus, the definition of the concept will be incomplete. Waismann’s approach to definition plays here a key role, and it is directly related to the open texture of concepts. The author proposes interpreting the open texture as an immanent property of the concept, as something that is embedded in it a priori, and which can cause a vagueness. Nevertheless, an open texture must be distinguished form a vagueness. This leads to the conclusion that an open texture is a possibility of vagueness; vagueness can be remedied by giving more accurate rules, open texture cannot. In this sense, the “open texture” of a language allows for a more precise definition of concepts (by adjusting the definition) if appropriate circumstances arise. This justifies the thesis that the argument of the open texture is the ontological basis of the linguistic anti-reductionism of Friedrich Waismann.
Human and Human Death as a Neuroscience Ethics Problem
Authors: Popova Olga V. ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: August 2019

The article deals with the philosophical problem field of modern neuroethics. The general idea of the state of modern neuroethics is given and it is shown that research in this area encompasses both fundamental problems that classically belonged to the field of philosophy research (for example, such as the problem of psychophysical dualism, the physical bases of consciousness, freedom of will and its interrelation with brain activity) and problems with applied orientation, explicating the ethical-social and legal dimension of innovation development in the field of neuroscience and actualizing the analysis of their social risks. It is shown that the development of neuro-ethics in the modern world became possible thanks to a special way of functioning of modern science, which was called the technology of science and to the development of the phenomenon of technological development ethification, which in practical terms was expressed in the study of the problem of the correspondence of the results of innovative scientific and technical projects to the interests of various social groups, their expectations and values, and also helped to determine the status of new technologies in relation to social reality. The article gives an idea of the existing normative field necessary for the development of neuro-ethics. On the basis of using the resource of discourse analysis of R. Harre, who singled out personal grammar (P-grammar), organism grammar (O-grammars) and molecular grammar (M-grammar), a philosophical analysis of such a problem of modern neuroethics as brain death was carried out. Also was given a structural description of new biotechnogenic identities of human being. The conclusion is drawn that the concept of brain death is an example of the conventional nature of scientific truth, the formation of which is influenced by various socio-cultural and economic factors. In the context of the development of neuroscience and the emergence of new methods of brain regeneration, it can be rethought.
Hierarchy of Technoscience Estimation
Authors: Shevchenko Sergei Yu. ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: August 2019

Semantic framework of the discussion about the equivalence and interchangeability of the original drugs and generics is considered in the article. Generics are identical to the original drugs in terms of chemical structure, nevertheless some patients and doctors consider that generics are less effective and have more severe side effects than original drugs. These discussions are considered as an example of a public deliberation concerning the achievements of technoscience. The conflicting parties determined the identity either from the chemical structure of the drug (according to D. Chalmers – secondary intensional) or from the phenomenal characteristics of the situation of its application (primary intensional). In this regard, the method of resolving the conflict is the alignment of the hierarchy of methods for determining equivalence in biomedicine. The methodology of evidence-based medicine already has such a hierarchy, which makes it possible to determine the validity of outcomes of clinical trial. According to this hierarchy, the phenomenal characteristics of the outcome of treatment (quality and life expectancy of patients) are more important than instrumentally established indicators. Thus, new clinical data on the efficacy and safety of a generic should give the opportunity to cancel the recognition of drug equivalence. More generally, this means that technoscience achievement which directly affects a person can only be assessed by him/her. The recognition of such priority is the basis of the ‘division of linguistic labor’ during public deliberation concerning the achievements of technoscience.
Annmarie Mol on the Way to Multiple Ontologies
Authors: Ivakhnenko Evgeny N. ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: August 2019

The article critically examines the ideas of the Dutch philosopher and ethnologist Annemarie Mol. Her main work, “The Body Multiple: Ontology in Medical Practice”, is mainly subjected to analysis. According to the author of the article, A. Mol managed to offer his own version of the “ontological turn” and, perhaps, change the accents in the entire theoretical repertoire of actor-network theory (ANT). She, carrying out a “police investigation” in hospital Z, was able to show the multiplicity of ontologies of the body and its disease / illness. What is called the illness is represented by a large number of actors – people, their relationships, tools, diagnostic methods, etc. – which together can be represented as an assembly or assemblage. The “choreography of the ontology” of such an assembly is contingent, since it may be different.
Four Key Questions in Philosophy of Technology
Authors: Mikhailovski Alexander V. ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: August 2019

This article discusses Hans Poser’s new book “Homo creator” (2016). It aims to open the philosophy of technology to ontological, epistemological and ethical problems. The keynote of the book serves the conviction that the technical creativity builds the core of the engineering. Modal concepts as possibility, necessity, contingency and reality are used in a systematic way to characterize technology. Technological artifacts essentially depend on a special type of interpretation (“technical hermeneutics”). The central ontological problem consists in the fact that technology is based on new ideas, which at the beginning are a mere possibility, because the intended artifacts and processes never existed up to that moment. The author shows that conditions of the real world, cognitive, social and cultural conditions constitute the realm of the technological possibility and influence our culture (“life world”) from the very beginning.
Excepciones al régimen de incompatibilidades de los empleados públicos
Authors: Seoane Bouzas Carmen
Published: August 2019

La finalidad de este trabajo es mostrar un análisis de las disfunciones normativas y prácticas que se presentan en la aplicación jurídica de las excepciones al régimen de incompatibilidades de los empleados públicos del art. 19 de la Ley 53/1984, de 26 de diciembre, de incompatibilidades del personal al servicio de las Administraciones Públicas (LI) y en la escasa normativa de desarrollo. Analizaremos los aspectos más controvertidos de las excepciones y abordaremos la delimitación de los conceptos jurídicos indeterminados, deteniéndonos más en el análisis de la excepción referida a la administración del patrimonio personal y familiar, por constituir una especie de «cajón de sastre» al que los empleados públicos recurren cuando son sorprendidos en el ejercicio de una segunda actividad, para finalmente realizar una serie de propuestas de cambio normativas en aras de garantizar la coordinación de los principios reguladores del régimen jurídico de los servidores públicos con el ejercicio de una segunda actividad. Finalmente, trataremos algún caso concreto referido a los funcionarios con habilitación de carácter nacional, que se plantea en el día a día, exceptuado de esta ley por el peculiar régimen que rodea a estos funcionarios.The purpose of this paper is to show an analysis of the normative and practical dysfunctions that are presented in the legal application of the exceptions to the public employees’ incompatibilities regime of art. 19 of the Law 53/1984, of December 26, of incompatibilities of the Public Administrations’ service staff (LI) and in the scarce regulations of development. We will analyze the most controversial aspects of the exceptions and address the delimitation of indeterminate legal concepts, expanding more in the analysis of the exception referred to the administration of personal and family assets, as a kind of «hodgepodge» to which public employees resort when they are caugth in the exercise of a second activity, to finally make a series of proposals for normative change in order to guarantee the coordination of the regulatory principles of the legal regime of public servants with the exercise of a second activity. Finally, we will deal with a specific case referred to officials with national qualifications, which arises in the day to day, excepted for this law by the peculiar regime that applies to these officials.
La autodeterminación de género en la intersexualidad a propósito de d.1,5,10 Paul. 1 ad Sab.
Authors: Torres Parra María José
Published: August 2019

Con este artículo pretendemos analizar la importancia que tiene la determinación del sexo. Esta exigencia, consecuencia de las limitaciones en la capacidad jurídica y de obrar de las mujeres, tiene especial trascendencia, como demuestran los textos, en materia sucesoria. El paso previo es averiguar qué criterio resulta más idóneo para asignar un sexo a las personas con ambigüedad genital externa. Las alternativas, reducidas exclusivamente al binomio hombre/mujer, son: la coincidencia con la normal apariencia masculina o femenina o la autopercepción que el hermafrodita tiene de sí mismo. Aunque no expresamente tratados en las fuentes, en derecho romano el hermafroditismo plantea otras controversias unas, relacionadas con la exigencia de forma humana como requisito de la personalidad jurídica, y otras acerca de su consideración como enfermedad o defecto físico.With this article we intend to analyze the importance of determining sex. This demand, as a consequence of the limitations on women’s legal capacity and capacity to act, is of special importance, as demonstrated by the texts on succession matters. The previous step is to find out which criterion is most suitable to assign a sex to people with external genital ambiguity. The alternatives, reduced exclusively to the binomial man/woman, are: the coincidence with the normal masculine or feminine appearance or the self-perception that the hermaphrodite has of his-herself. Although not expressly treated in the sources, in Roman law the hermaphroditism raises other controversies, related to the requirement of human form as a requirement of legal personality, and others about its consideration as a disease or physical defect.
Aspectos de la competencia digital para la empleabilidad//Digital competence aspects for employability
Authors: Juárez Arall Jordi , Marqués Molías Luis
Published: August 2019

RESUMEN El veloz desarrollo de las TIC durante los últimos años y su nivel de penetración en nuestra sociedad ha llevado a una digitalización progresiva que está transformando profundamente el mercado laboral. Existen una serie de aspectos de la competencia digital que se han vuelto esenciales para poder acceder a la mayor parte de canales de búsqueda de empleo y, por lo tanto, para poder acceder al mercado laboral con mayor éxito y autonomía. El objetivo de este artículo es identificar esos aspectos más necesarios para hacer uso de los principales canales de búsqueda de empleo.Para lograr este objetivo hemos consultado diversas propuestas para la clasificación de habilidades y conocimientos ligados a la competencia digital y hemos elaborado nuestra propia clasificación seleccionando los aspectos que consideramos más necesarios para el acceso y utilización autónoma de los canales de búsqueda de empleo; hemos recogido una relación lo más amplia posible de los canales más relevantes en la actualidad para la búsqueda de empleo y hemos analizado el papel que juegan los aspectos de la competencia digital  seleccionados en cada uno de ellos. A través de la valoración de cinco expertos en el campo de la orientación laboral y la empleabilidad, hemos obtenido un listado de aspectos de la competencia digital esenciales para la búsqueda de empleo y un listado de canales de búsqueda de empleo.Los resultados obtenidos nos permiten sentar base para futuras investigaciones en el marco de la orientación laboral así como valorar la importancia de la CD en la búsqueda de empleo.ABSTRACT The fast development of ICT in recent years and its level of penetration in our society has led to a progressive digitalization that is profoundly transforming the labor market. There are a number of aspects of digital competence that have become essential to be able to access most job search channels and, therefore, to be able to access the labor market with greater success and autonomy. The objective of this article is to identify those aspects most necessary to make use of the main job search channels.To achieve this goal we have consulted various proposals for the classification of skills and knowledge linked to digital competence and we have developed our own classification by selecting the aspects that we consider most necessary for access and autonomous use of job search channels; we have collected the broadest possible relationship of the most relevant channels currently for job search and we have analyzed the role played by the aspects of digital competence selected in each one of them.Through the assessment of five experts in the field of employment guidance and employability, we have obtained a list of aspects of digital competence essential for job search.
Valoración del nuevo modelo de orientación implementado en la comunidad autónoma de Cantabria por parte de los orientadores educativos//Evaluation of the new counseling model carried out in Cantabria by guidance teachers
Authors: López Díez-Caballero María Esther , Manzano-Soto Nuria
Published: August 2019

RESUMENSe presentan los resultados de un estudio empírico, cuya finalidad es analizar el nivel de satisfacción y las dificultades que encuentran los orientadores de Cantabria. El objetivo de este trabajo se centra en analizar el nuevo modelo de orientación implantado en Cantabria a partir del curso escolar 2005-06, que se desvía del modelo LOGSE, aunque sin llegar a abandonarlo completamente. Los orientadores constituyen una pieza clave en el modelo de orientación de esta comunidad. Se analizará este nuevo modelo de orientación mediante las opiniones vertidas por ellos y las propuestas que sugieren para mejorarlo.En la metodología se adopta un enfoque cualitativo que permite triangular la información, realizada a través de cuestionarios, entrevistas y grupos de discusión. Han colaborado 12 centros de Cantabria y los 6 EOEPs que existen en la Comunidad. Han participado 62 orientadores en el estudio empírico completo. También se han aplicado cuestionarios a directores y tutores de primaria y secundaria que se analizan en otros trabajos. La falta de tiempo para realizar todas las funciones atribuidas al orientador aparece como principal dificultad, seguida de la complejidad de las necesidades del alumnado y de la excesiva dependencia del orientador en actuaciones que pueden realizar de forma autónoma los docentes.ABSTRACT We present the first results of an empirical study, whose purpose is to analyze the level of satisfaction and difficulties encountered by guidance teachers from Cantabria. The aim of this the study is to analyze the new counseling model carried out in Cantabria from the 2005-6 school year, which deviates from the LOGSE model but does not completely abandon it. Guidance teachers are a key element in the counseling model of this community. This new counseling model will be analyzed as a result of the opinions expressed by them and their proposals to improve it.From the methodological point of view, a qualitative approach is adopted to triangulate the information, carried out through questionnaires, interviews and discussion groups. Twelve centers from Cantabria and all the guidance teacher groups of the Community have collaborated in the project. 62 primary and secondary guidance teachers participated in the whole study. Questionnaires, which are analyzed in other studies, have also been applied to primary and secondary school principals and tutors. The lack of time to perform all the functions attributed to the counselor appears as a key difficulty, followed by the complexity of the students' needs and the excessive dependence on guidance teachers.
Billedindeksering og sociale medier
Authors: Ørnager Susanne , Lund Haakon
Published: August 2019

This article focuses on the methodologies, organization, and communication of digital image collection research that utilizes social media content. “Image” is here understood as a cultural, conventional, and commercial—stock photo—representation. Two methodologies i.e. PRISMA and Grounded Theory are employed to examine, categorize and analyze images and comprehend how humans consider them. The literature review covers research since 2005, when major social media platforms emerged. It demonstrates that the images on social media have not changed the overall direction of research into image indexing and retrieval, though new topics on crowdsourcing and tagging have emerged in it. A citation analysis includes an overview of co-citation maps that demonstrate the nexus of image research literature and the journals in which they appear. The results point to new possibilities influencing the research by providing large image collections as new testbeds for improving or testing research hypothesis on a new scale.
L’impact de la fragmentation des mémoires collectives nationales sur la politique étrangère : le cas de la France
Authors: Sangar Éric
Published: August 2019

Comment les changements dans les conditions de la gouvernance des mémoires collectives nationales influencent-ils la politique étrangère ? Le recours à des représentations du passé partagées à un niveau intersubjectif constitue une ressource pour la prise de décision et pour la justification de la politique étrangère. Dans cette optique, cet article identifie cinq facteurs qui amenuisent la capacité des gouvernements de régir les mémoires nationales et en explore deux conséquences principales. Tout d’abord, l’utilité justificatrice du recours à l’histoire est de plus en plus limitée. Ensuite, la disparition d’une mémoire collective consensuelle peut conduire à l’émergence du « présentisme » comme mode de temporalité dominant dans les processus de décision. Cette réflexion est illustrée par une analyse empirique du cas de la France, pays dont la politique étrangère se distingue par une forte tradition du recours à l’histoire nationale.
2018 YPIC Challenge: A case study in characterizing an unknown protein sample
Authors: Pino Lindsay , Lin Andy , Bittremieux Wout
Published: August 2019

For the 2018 YPIC Challenge contestants were invited to try to decipher two unknown English questions encoded by a synthetic protein expressed in Escherichia coli. In addition to deciphering the sentence, contestants were asked to determine the 3D structure and detect any post-translation modifications left by the host organism.

We present our experimental and computational strategy to characterize this sample by identifying the unknown protein sequence and detecting the presence of post-translational modifications. The sample was acquired with dynamic exclusion disabled to increase the signal-to-noise ratio of the measured molecules, after which spectral clustering was used to generate high-quality consensus spectra. De novo spectrum identification was used to determine the synthetic protein sequence, and any post-translational modifications introduced by E. coli on the synthetic protein were analyzed via spectral networking. This workflow resulted in a de novo sequence coverage of 70%, on par with sequence database searching performance. Additionally, the spectral networking analysis indicated that no systematic modifications were introduced on the synthetic protein by E. coli.

The strategy presented here can be directly used to analyze samples for which no protein sequence information is available or when the identity of the sample is unknown. All software and code to perform the bioinformatics analysis is available as open source, and self-contained Jupyter notebooks are provided to fully recreate the analysis.