bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Text Data Augmentation Methods and Strategies in Classification Tasks of Unstructured Medical Notes
Authors: Lu Hongxia , Rakovski Cyril
Published: September 2022

Background
Text classification tasks of unstructured medical notes are often challenged with the issues of highly imbalanced classes and/or small sample sizes. Data augmentation is a common approach to mitigate the impact of these issues and enhance model performance. However, not all augmentation methods improve model performance, and an uninformed and arbitrary choice of augmentation methods may hurt model performance instead. In addition, the widely used strategy of augmenting until balanced may not always work the best.
Methods
In this paper, we investigated the effect of 20 different augmentation methods and several different augmentation strategies in 16 classification tasks. The 16 classification tasks were divided into 4 groups based on their disease prevalence, and different augmentation strategies and the 20 augmentation methods were applied to different groups. The Transformer Encoder model was run in all tasks for each of the 20 augmentation methods and the strategies, and then their model performance was compared against each other and against that without augmentation.
Results
Our results show that in addition to being a fast augmenter, the Splitting Augmenter consistently improved the model performance in terms of AUC-ROC and F1 Score in all strategies for most tasks. For highly imbalanced tasks, the strategy that augments the minority class until balanced, improved model performance by the largest margin. For other tasks, the best performing strategy was the one that augments the minority class until balanced and then augments both classes by an additional 10%. The largest improvement was 0.13 in F1 score and an impressive 0.34 in AUC-ROC, and both were produced by the Splitting Augmenter in the strategy that augments the minority class until balanced.
Conclusions
Different text data augmentation methods have different effects on the model performance. Some enhance model performance, and others yield no improvement or even have an adverse impact. With the right choice of augmentation methods, the model performance can be substantially improved. For the highly imbalanced tasks, the strategy that augments the minority class until balanced yielded the largest improvement. For other tasks, the strategy that keeps augmenting both classes by an additional 10% after reaching balance enhanced model performance further.
Water dynamics on the structural properties of amino acid in presence of NSAID: An approach through dielectric spectroscopy
Authors: Alwaleedy Suad , Mohemmed Saeed , Karale Ravikant , Kabara Komal B. , Kumbharkhane Ashok C. , Roy Bunty Rani , Sarode Arvind
Published: September 2022

Present work reports the dielectric response for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) 2-[2-[2-[(2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino]phenyl]acetyl] oxyacetic acid (Aceclofenac) in the aqueous leucine solution at different concentrations and temperatures (298.15 K-283.15 K) using time domain reflectometry technique in the frequency region 1 GHz to 30 GHz. Dielectric parameters such as complex permittivity (ε*), dielectric constant (ε), dielectric relaxation time (τ), dipole moment (µ) and Kirkwood correlation factor (g) have been calculated and the study is corroborated by the thermodynamic parameters such as molar enthalpy of activation (∆H), entropy of activation (∆S) and free energy of activation (∆F) to give insight into the structural dynamics.
Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) relieves psychological stress in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture undergoing percutaneous kyphoplasty: an observational retrospective cohort study
Authors: Ji Zhongwei , Fan Chun-yang , Shen Min-jie , Zhang Lin-lin , Kong Fan-chen , Yu Zi-lin , Yang Hui-lin , Wu Xie-xing , Mao Hai-qing
Published: September 2022

Study design: This is an observational retrospective cohort study.
Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the incidence rate of depression and anxiety and the changes in patients treated with percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) following ERAS protocol.
Summary of background data: The incidence of depression and anxiety is not uncommon in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF), which affects the prognosis of surgery. Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols can improve the perioperative stress response of patients.
Materials and Methods: Patients were treated conventionally in 2019 as the control group (CG) (n = 281), and patients were treated according to the ERAS protocol in 2020 as the intervention group (IG) (n = 251). All patients were evaluated for depression and anxiety using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) at admission, postoperative 1 week, 1 month and 3, 6, 12 months.
Results: The degree of depression statistically decreased in the IG at follow-up periods (p < 0.001), and the degree of anxiety statistically decreased at 1 week (p < 0.001), 1 month (p < 0.001), 3 months (p = 0.017). Patients in the IG could soothe depression and anxiety disorders faster than patients in the CG and maintain psychological stability at the follow-up periods. The percentage of moderate or above depression in the IG was statistically fewer than in the CG at follow-up periods (p<0.01). The odds ratio (OR) was respectively 0.410, 0.357, 0.294, 0.333, 0.327 from 1 week to 12 months. While the percentage of patients with moderate or above anxiety significantly decreased in the IG at 1 week (p < 0.001), OR = 0.528, 1 month (p = 0.037), OR = 0.309 and 12 months (p = 0.040), OR = 0.554, no differences between 3 months (p = 0.187) and 6 months (p = 0.133).
Conclusion: PKP following ERAS protocol to treat patients with OVCF had a better effect on relieving postoperative anxiety and depression than following conventional protocol.
NeighBERT: Medical Entity Linking Using Relation Induced Dense Retrieval
Authors: Singh Ayush , Krishnamoorthy Saranya , Ortega John
Published: September 2022

One of the common tasks in clinical natural language processing is medical entity linking (MEL) which involves mention detection followed by linking the mention to an entity in a knowledge base. One reason that MEL has not been solved is due to a problem that occurs in language where ambiguous texts can be resolved to several named entities. This problem is exacerbated when processing text found in electronic health records. Recent work has shown that deep learning models based on transformers outperform previous methods on linking at higher rates of performance. We introduce NeighBERT, a custom pre-training technique which extends BERT \citep{devlin-etal-2019-bert} by encoding how entities are related within a knowledge graph. This technique adds relational context that has been traditionally missing in original BERT, helping resolve the ambiguity found in clinical text. In our experiments, NeighBERT improves the precision, recall and F1-score of the state of the art by 1--3 points for named entity recognition and 10--15 points for MEL on two widely known clinical datasets.
Fixed point theorems for (phi,F)-contraction in generalized asymmetric metric spaces
Authors: Rossafi Mohamed , Kari Abdelkarim , Park Choonkil
Published: September 2022

In the last few decades, a lot of generalizations of the Banach contraction principle have been introduced.In this paper, we present the notion of (phi,F)-contraction in generalized asymmetric metric spaces and we investigate the existence of fixed points of such mappings. We also provide some illustrative examples to show that our results improve many existing results.
Choosing Nano medicine Stiffness using contact models, based on the atomic force microscopy with Analysis of the cancer cell elasticity modulus
Authors: Korayem Moharam , Khaksar Hesam , Nosoudi sina
Published: September 2022

Softness of nanomedicines plays a significant role in antitumor drug delivery and efficiency. Examining and finding optimized contact models to verify and choosing best nanomedicine mechanical properties for each cancer genotype has a profound effect in nano based drug delivery. In this research, appropriate contact models have been identified and used for determining the modulus of elasticity of SW48 cancer cells based on the Atomic Force Microscope. The Sobol method was chosen for the sensitivity analysis of Hertz, Lundberg, Dawson, Nikpour, and Hoeprich models. By comparing the sensitivity percentages of various parameters, it was realized that different theories can be used to identify different properties of cancer cells. Considering the results of the sensitivity percentage of various parameters, the Lundberg and Hertz theories can be employed to identify the modulus of elasticity. The Hoeprich contact model can be used to determine the Poisson’s ratio. Ultimately, by using the results obtained from analysis, the modulus of elasticity of cancer cell SW48 was computed experimentally based on the theories of Lundberg and Hertz. Results and method can be directly use in identifying mechanical properties of cancer cells and obtain nanomedicine softness range for best efficiency of nano based drug delivery.
Mania as a result of using disulfiram at the prescribed amount during the fifth month of maintenance therapy: a casa report
Authors: İnaltekin Ali , Yağcı İbrahim
Published: September 2022

Introduction
Disulfiram is a medication that raises blood acetaldehyde levels by inhibiting aldehyde dehydrogenase. It has been reported that taking disulfiram can cause psychosis or mania. There are only a few case reports in the literature, mostly about mania. We introduce this case of disulfiram-induced mania without dose adjustment whereas continuing maintenance treatment at the prescribed amount in a patient with no psychiatric history.
Case
Mr. K, a 57-year-old patient with a history of 25 years of alcohol consumption, had stopped drinking five months ago and had been taking disulfiram (500 mg/day) for five months. During treatment, he was admitted to the outpatient clinic with complaints of decreased need for sleep, increased speech, and psychomotor activity, — in particular for 4-5 days. During the psychiatric examination, it was discovered that the rate of speech had increased, that flight of ideas was present, and that the affect was cheerful and nervous. There was an increase in self-esteem and grandiose delusion. The examination revealed psychomotor agitation. The patient was admitted to the hospital for examination, follow-up, and treatment. Mania was observed. Treatment with valproate 1000 mg/day and risperidone 4 mg/day was planned. The patient showed no psychotic or manic symptoms while continuing outpatient clinic controls.
Conclusion
Rare complications, such as manic episodes, might occur even in patients receiving the prescribed amount and long-term disulfiram treatment.
Livelihood Activities, Human Mobility and Risk of Malaria Infection in Elimination Settings: a Case–control Study
Authors: Abdalal Shaymaa A. , Yukich Joshua , Andrinoplous Katherine , Alghanmi Maimonah , Wakid Majed H. , Zawawi Ayat , Harakeh Steve , Altwaim Sarah , Gattan Hattan , Baakdah Fadi , Gaddoury Mahmoud A , Niyazi Hatton , Mokhtar Jawaher , Alruhaili Mohammed , Keating Joseph , Alsaady Isra
Published: September 2022

Background Livelihood activities and human movements participate in the epidemiology of vector-borne diseases and influence malaria risk in elimination settings. In Saudi Arabia, where malaria transmission intensity varies geographically, it is vital to understand the components driving transmission within specific areas. In addition, shared social, behavioral, and occupational characteristics within communities may provoke the risk of malaria infection. This study aims to understand the relationship between human mobility, livelihood activities, and the risk of malaria infection in the border region of Jazan to facilitate further strategic malaria interventions. In addition, the study will complement and reinforce the existing efforts to eliminate malaria on the Saudi and Yemen border by providing a deeper understanding of human movement and livelihood activities.
Methods: An unmatched case-control study was conducted. A total of 261 participants were recruited for the study, including 81 cases of confirmed malaria through rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) and microscopy and 180 controls in the Baish Governorate in Jazan Provinces, Saudi Arabia. Individuals who received malaria tests were interviewed regarding their livelihood activities and recent movement (travel history). A questionnaire was administered, and the data was captured electronically. STATA software version 16 was used to analyze the data. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to determine if engaging in agricultural activities such as farming and animal husbandry, recent travel history outside of the home village within the last 30 days and participating in spiritual gatherings were related to malaria infection status.
Results A logistical regression model was used to investigate components associated with malaria infection. After adjusting several confounding factors, individuals who reported traveling away from their home village in the last 30 days OR 11.5 (95% CI 4.43 - 29.9), and those who attended a seasonal night spiritual gathering OR 3.04 (95% CI 1.10 - 8.42), involved in animal husbandry OR 2.52 (95% CI 1.10 - 5.82), and identified as male OR 4.57 (95% CI 1.43 -14.7), were more likely to test positive for malaria infection.
Conclusion: Human movement and livelihood activities, especially at nighttime, should be considered malaria risk factors in malaria elimination settings, mainly when the targeted area is limited to a confined borderland area.
Insilico Analysis of pathogenic genes as a major rescue of Candida albicans
Authors: JADHAV VYANKATESH
Published: September 2022

C. albicans a polymorphic, opportunistic pathogen of humans resides commensally in healthy humans. It exists in the form of yeast, hyphal, pseudohyphal or chlymydospores. Significance of polymorphic nature is associated with its survival strategy gained through evolution that made C. albicans a most versatile organism able to survive under extreme microenvironments. In present study an attempt was made to investigate analysis of regulation of yeast to hyphal form transition responsive genes by Insilico methods. Analysis of regulation responsive genes (EFG1, NRG1) was performed. Their identification of true orthologs, characterization of physical and chemical properties, phylogenetics, active site prediction and pharmacomphore designing aiming for docking. These investigations in Understanding its significance in regulation of morphogenesis and virulence in C. albicans for potential target and pharmacophore design. Molecular docking was used to analyze and understand the interaction between the molecules with their respective targets and top compounds were picked on the basis of binding energy computed via virtual screening tool VINA. All the 1586 ligands screened (pharmacophore screened) for EFG1 were docked in the active site. ZINC31165359 was shown to have best interaction with EFG1 with lowest binding energy of -11.3kcal/mol. Whereas, total of 800 screened ligands (structural similarity) were docked with NRG1 in the active site and ZINC20134767 & ZINC20134767 showed best results for NRG1 with binding energy of -7.4kcal/mol .In conclusion various computation tools used in present research study are very useful in finding new hits for targeting different diseases which can help in the development of potential drugs for the same.
Nanocellulose-based Electrodes and Separator toward Sustainable and Flexible All-solid-state Supercapacitor
Authors: Ding Zejun , Yang Xuan , Tang Yanjun
Published: September 2022

Nanocellulose, as the most abundant natural nanomaterial with sustainability, biodegradability, and excellent mechanical properties, has been widely applied in modern electronic systems, such as, in the flexible electrochemical energy storage devices. Herein, a reduced graphene oxide (RGO)/cellulose nanocrystal/cellulose nanofiber (RCC) composite membranes was prepared by using a one-pot method. Compared to the pure RGO membrane, the RCC composite membranes exhibited better mechanical properties and hydrophilicity. In addition, due to the insertion of nanocellulose between RGO sheets and easier for permeation of electrolyte, the RCC composite films showed a specific capacitance as high as 171.3 F·cm-3. Consequently, we constructed a nanocellulose-based symmetric flexible all-solid-state supercapacitor (FASC), in which two RCC composite membranes served as electrodes and a porous cellulose nanofiber membrane acted as separator. This fabricated FASC demonstrated a high volumetric specific capacitance of 164.3 F·cm-3 and a satisfactory energy density of 3.7 mW·h·cm-3, which exceeded that of many other FASCs ever reported. This work will open a new avenue in design of next-generation nanocellulose based, sustainable and flexible energy storage device.
Investigating orbital angular momentum modes in multimode interference waveguides and revealing their mode conversion property
Authors: Soltani Afsoun , Mousavi S. Faezeh , Firouzeh Zaker Hossein , Nezhad Abolghasem Zeidaabadi , Nouroozi Rahman
Published: September 2022

Orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes of light have aroused a widespread interest in quantum and classical communications.Their various integrated photonics applications require devices and circuits for miniaturization, improved performance, andadvanced performance. Accordingly, in this work, the propagation of OAM modes in multimode interference (MMI) waveguidesas the basic elements in many integrated optical devices is studied to utilize their benefits in integrated OAM applications.OAM modes shape the field-splitting and OAM-maintaining images at the specific lengths of an MMI waveguide. As the mosteffective parameters on the properties of these generated images, width of the MMI waveguide, topological charge (l) and waistradius of the OAM modes are investigated. Power overlap integral (POI) and mode purity are used to evaluate the quality ofimages. The investigations show that the images produced in wider waveguides are purer (up to 92.43%). Furthermore, for thehigher order of OAM modes (|l| > 1), the higher values of POI could be achievable by enlarging the width of the waveguides (up to 93.93% for l = ±6 and 81.6% for l = ±7). It is also demonstrated that mode conversion between even order of OAM modeswith opposite topological charges can occur at OAM-maintaining length of the MMI waveguides which is the most outstandingachievement of this survey for optical communication systems.
Quantitative Evaluation of Grey Matter Volume of Thalamus in Patients with Depression on Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Segmentation Study
Authors: Taha Khalid M. , Gasmalla Hosam Eldeen Elsadig , Elamin Abubaker Y. , Almasaad Juman M. , Bakhit Nagi M. , Alsharif Mohammed H. Karrar
Published: September 2022

Purpose: The thalamus, a part of the diencephalon, controls emotion and memory; any thalamic lesion may lead to impairments in recall and recognition. There is no concrete proof that depression is the only mental condition in which thalamic abnormalities are present. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine whether patients with depression had any structural changes in their thalamic grey matter volume.
Methods: The thalamic grey matter volume was measured in 50 patients with depression (25 males, mean age = 24 ± 5.02 years) and 50 sex- and-age-matched controls (25 males, mean age = 24 ± 5.28 years) using BrainSuite automated segmentation of the T1-weighted magnetic resonance images obtained using Magnetization Prepared Rapid Acquisition. Between-group and sex-based comparisons were made using Student’s t-test.
Results: The mean grey matter volume of the right and left thalamus was 5.98 ± 7.03 cm3 and 6.21 ± 7.68 cm3 in patients, respectively, and 2.18 ± 4.74 cm3on the right side and 2.15 ± 4.87 cm3 on the left side in the controls (p < 0.05). The female subjects had relatively greater mean thalamic grey matter volumes on both sides (patients: right = 6.47 ± 4.17 cm3, left = 6.77 ± 4.30 cm3; controls: right = 3.25 ± 6.55 cm3, left = 3.13 ± 6.77 cm3; p < 0.05).
Conclusion: The volume of thalamic grey matter is increased in patients with depression, which is more pronounced in female patients. There is also a possible association between depression and right-sided volume reduction.
Mathematical modelling of the dynamics of image-informed tumor habitats in a murine model of glioma
Authors: Slavkova Kalina P. , Patel Sahil H. , Cacini Zachary , Kazerouni Anum S. , Gardner Andrea , Yankeelov Thomas E. , Hormuth II David A.
Published: September 2022

Tumors are highly heterogeneous with unique sub-regions termed “habitats”. We evaluate the ability of a mathematical model built on coupled ordinary differential equations (ODEs) to describe and predict tumor habitat dynamics in a murine model of glioma. Female Wistar rats (N = 21) were inoculated intracranially with 106 C6 glioma cells, a subset of which received 20 (N = 5) or 40 Gy (N = 8) of radiation. All rats underwent diffusion-weighted (DW) and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic (DCE) resonance imaging (MRI) at up to seven time points. All MRI data at each visit were subsequently clustered using k-means to identify physiological tumor habitats. A family of four models consisting of three coupled ODEs were developed and calibrated to the habitat time series of eight control rats and eight treated rats and evaluated for predictive capability. The Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) was used for model selection, and the normalized sum-of-square-error (SSE) was used to evaluate goodness-of-fit in model calibration and prediction. Three tumor habitats with significantly different imaging data characteristics (p < 0.05) were identified: high-vascularity high-cellularity, low-vascularity high-cellularity, and low-vascularity low-cellularity. Model selection yielded a five-parameter model whose predictions of habitat dynamics yielded SSEs that were similar to the SSEs from the calibrated model. It is thus feasible to mathematically describe habitat dynamics in a preclinical model of glioma using biology-based ODEs, showing promise for forecasting heterogeneous tumor behavior.
Malaria positivity rate trend analysis from 2013-2021 at water resources development project of Wonji Sugar Estate Oromia, Ethiopia
Authors: Lelisa Kidane , Hailemeskel Elifaged , Bekele Damtew , Dugassa Sisay
Published: September 2022

Background: Evidence on the trends of proportion of malaria infections detected by routine passive case detection at health facilities is important for public health decision making especially in areas moving towards elimination. This study assessed nine years trends of clinical malaria infections detected at health facility and its associated climate factors, in water resource development set up of Wonji sugar estate, Oromia, Ethiopia.
Methods: From January, 2013 to December, 2021, retrospective data was collected from malaria suspected patient recording logbook at Wonji sugar factory’s primary hospital. Monthly average mereological data were obtained from the estate meteorological station.
Results: Over the last nine years, 34,388 cases were legible for analysis with complete data. Of these, 11.75% (4,039/34,388) were positive for clinical malaria. Plasmodium vivaxtest positivity was the highest proportion (8.2%, n=2,820) followed by Plasmodium falciparum (3.48%, n=1,197) and mixed infections (P. falciparumand P. vivax, 0.06%, n=21). The odds of being positive for malaria was highest in males (AOR = 1.46; 95%CI: 1.36-1.52; P<0.001) compared to females, in older individuals of above 15 years old (AOR=4.55, 95%CI=4.01-5.17, P<0.001) followed by school-age children (5–15 years old) (AOR=2.16; 95%CI: 1.88–2.49, P<0.001). There was no significant variation in the proportion of malaria positive cases in the dry and wet seasons (P=0.059). Malaria test positivity rates were associated with average monthly rainfall (AdjIRR=1.00; 95%CI=1.00-1.001, P<0.001) while negatively associated with average monthly minim temperature (adjIRR=0.94; 95%CI=0.94–0.95; P<0.001) and average monthly relative humidity (adjIRR=0.99, 95%CI=0.99- 1.00, P=0.023).
Conclusion: There was year-round malaria transmission, adults especially males and school children were frequently tested malaria positive. Hence, alternative vector management tools like larval source management have to be deployed besides ITNs and IRS in such water development areas to achieve the malaria elimination goals.
Third-Grade Academic Performance and Episodes of Care among Children with Congenital Heart Defects
Authors: Watkins Stephanie , Kemper Alex R. , D’Ottavio Alfred , Hoffman Timothy M. , Hartman Robert J. , Sang Charlie J. , Sarno Lauren , Paolillo Joseph , Welke Karl F. , Walsh Michael J. , Forestieri Nina , Li Jennifer
Published: September 2022

Background: Children with congenital heart defects (CHDs) are at risk for poor academic performance. The degree to which receipt of health care services is associated with adverse academic outcomes is not known. We examined the association between episodes of cardiac care and third-grade performance in children with CHD.
Methods: We identified subjects between 1/1/2008 and 4/30/2012 among 5 centers in North Carolina. We classified children by CHD type and linked subjects to the state educational records. Any inpatient or outpatient cardiac encounter on a date of service was considered an encounter. We calculated the number of encounters by adding the number of inpatient or outpatient cardiac visits prior to the date of the end of grade (EOG) tests.
We estimated the odds of failing third-grade reading or math EOG tests by episodes of care stratified at the 50thpercentile, controlling for CHD type, maternal education, sex, race/ethnicity, birth weight and gestational age.
Results: A total of 184 children had third-grade EOG scores linked to health care records. The median number of episodes of care was 4 (range: 1-60). Those with visits ˃50th percentile (>4 encounters over 4.3 years) had 2.09 (95% CI: 1.04, 4.21) greater odds of failing the math EOG compared to those ≤50th percentile (1-4 encounters). The third-grade math score declined by 1.5 points (p<0.008) for every 10 episodes of care. There was no association of episodes of care on third-grade reading performance.
Conclusion: Children with CHD with >4 episodes of cardiac care over 4.3 years may be at risk for delays in third-grade academic performance. Strategies to minimize school absenteeism may improve academic success in this population.
Alternativas ao desenvolvimento econômico: diálogos na perspectiva do Bem Viver e dos Povos e Comunidades Tradicionais
Authors: Oliveira Valéria dos Santos de , Miranda Evely Bocardi de , Alcântara Liliane Cristine Schlemer , Sguarezi Sandro Benedito , Barros Flávio Bezerra
Published: September 2022

Os Povos e Comunidades Tradicionais (PCT) são grupos de pessoas unidas em um território, com cultura peculiar, próximos aos recursos naturais e que prezam por seus saberes tradicionais. Quando se conserva o conhecimento desses grupos sociais, conserva-se também todo o arcabouço de sua cultura e de sua identidade. Os territórios são espaços necessários à reprodução cultural, política, social e econômica, e têm sua força simbólica em toda essa trama, assim é evidente que atuam no sentido da proteção de seus territórios. No contexto da corrente pós-desenvolvimentista, o objetivo do artigo é analisar, com base na lógica desses atores sociais, uma alternativa viável ao projeto hegemônico de desenvolvimento econômico. A metodologia pautou-se na pesquisa qualitativa, de cunho bibliográfico e documental, sendo uma revisão teórica com viés crítico e interdisciplinar. Os resultados apontam que o Bem Viver (BV) pode ser considerado uma alternativa viável ao desenvolvimento econômico, no qual os Povos e Comunidades Tradicionais apresentam um protagonismo na luta por direitos, equidade e justiça social. Isso posto, o Bem Viver coloca-se como uma oportunidade para construção coletiva de novos modos de vida.
Governança Corporativa: Um Estudo em uma Empresa Familiar do Ramo de Máquinas e Implementos Agrícolas
Authors: Kreuzberg Deigla , Seibert Rosane Maria , Silva Raiziane Cássia Freire da
Published: September 2022

O presente estudo objetivou avaliar as estruturas de governança corporativa de uma empresa do ramo de máquinas e implementos agrícola e da família proprietária. Para tanto, procedeu-se um estudo de caso com análises qualitativas nas evidências coletadas por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica, documental, entrevistas semiestruturadas com os gestores e observação não participante na empresa. Por meio de análise de conteúdo, foi feita a triangulação das evidências comparando as práticas de governança adotadas pela família e na empresa com aquelas preconizadas pela literatura revisada. Como resultado, identificou-se a existência de alguns mecanismos de controle e o uso dos princípios de governança, e, complementarmente, foram sugeridas melhorias nas práticas de governança adotadas pela empresa, como a criação do conselho de administração e do conselho fiscal, dentre outros. Também foi proposta a introdução de mecanismos de governança familiar, como a assembleia familiar e o conselho de família. As contribuições limitam-se à empresa e à família estudada como resultado profissional da pesquisa. Para a academia, a pesquisa contribui para o avanço do conhecimento sobre governança familiar de um tipo específico de empresa – do ramo de máquinas e implementos agrícolas –, assim como para a governança de família. O estudo também gera insights para novas pesquisas, especialmente em outras empresas familiares de qualquer ramo de atividade e porte que pretendam melhorar a sua estrutura de governança e harmonizar o negócio familiar com os valores da família.
Transparência Pública: Análise de Portais de Conselhos de Fiscalização Profissional no Nordeste brasileiro
Authors: Araújo Richard Medeiros , Lopes Alba Barbosa de Oliveira , Dias Thiago Ferreira
Published: September 2022

O objetivo deste artigo foi analisar a transparência pública – praticada pelos Conselhos de Fiscalização Profissional do Nordeste do Brasil – à luz da Lei de Acesso à Informação. O estudo teve como recorte os Conselhos de Administração, de Contabilidade, de Economia e a Ordem dos Advogados do Brasil, totalizando 36 unidades pesquisadas. Metodologicamente, foi uma abordagem quantitativa – a partir da análise exploratória de dados –, utilizando o modelo conceitual de Klein (2018). Dentre os principais resultados tem-se como indicador geral que os Conselhos de Contabilidade têm melhores pontuações de atendimento à transparência pública com média de 76,90 pontos, ou seja, mais que o dobro das pontuações obtidas pelos Conselhos de Administração (média de 34,24), Economia (média de 36,49) e OAB (média de 31,74). No olhar dimensional do indicador – transparência ativa e passiva – foi observado que todos os Conselhos profissionais não apresentam a completude das exigências da Lei de Acesso à Informação (LAI) presentes nessa dimensão. Ao se ponderar sobre as boas práticas de transparência e a oferta de dados abertos, têm-se os resultados mais insatisfatórios, haja vista ser constatado que alguns Conselhos investigados não atendem nenhuma das duas dimensões. Conclui-se que, à exceção do Conselho de Contabilidade, os demais apresentam um baixo grau de transparência pública à luz da LAI e coloca-se em xeque o real interesse dos gestores ante a estes Conselhos profissionais quanto a, de fato, serem claros no que concernem à transparência pública para seus registrados e a sociedade (HEALD, 2006).
CAFÉ COM QUIMIOMETRIA: UMA APLICAÇÃO DO PLANEJAMENTO FATORIAL FRACIONÁRIO 25-1
Authors: Silva Kaique , Caldeira Gabriel , Nogueira Kenya , Canela Maria , Filgueiras Paulo , Souza Murilo
Published: September 2022

COFFEE WITH CHEMOMETRIC: AN APPLICATION OF 25-1 FRACTIONAL FACTORIAL DESIGN. Chemometrics is a subfield of chemistry that emerged from advances in analytical instrumentation and computing. When seeking to solve chemical problems that depend on many concomitants experimental variables, chemometrics can be employed in order to extract as much information as possible in the least possible number of experiments. In addition, it is possible to evaluate the important effects and interactions among the variables to understand the processes being monitored in each system. In this sense, this article aimed to develop a didactic experiment of caffeine extraction using an espresso machine, applying the 25-1 fractional factorial design. The variables studied were temperature (75 and 78 ºC), pressure (2 and 15 bar), granulation (bean and ground), type of coffee (special and traditional) and period of the day (morning and afternoon) to obtain maximum extraction of caffeine. The coffee extracts obtained were analyzed using UV-Vis molecular absorption spectrophotometry. The developed experiment showed the potential to spread the application of chemometrics in the academic environment and to facilitate the teaching of fractional factorial design.
The Related Variables and the Reading Proficiency Level of Grade Six Pupils
Authors: Maleon Jeremie Monter
Published: September 2022

This study describes the relationship between the respondents’ reading proficiency level as demonstrated in their Lexile Scores and the following variables: Respondent- related Factors, Teacher Factors, School Factors, and Home Factors. The Theory of Performance (ToP) by Don Elger served as the basis to develop the research instrument, i.e., survey questionnaire. Seventy (70) grade six pupils were authorized by a private school in the Philippines to become the respondents of the study. Correlated with the aforementioned factors were the pupils’ reading Lexile Scores provided by Scholastic Philippines. The data were processed through the SPSS software using the Pearson Product- Moment Correlation Coefficient formula. Results revealed that among the four sets of factors, only Home Factors have a significant relationship with the Lexile Scores of the respondents. Furthermore, specific factors such as gender and mother’s occupation relate with the pupils’ reading proficiency level.
Rectification of a Slanted Box-Girder Bridge Caused by Unbalanced Soil Load
Authors: Song Yongsheng , Wang Yanwen , Lu Yijing , Jia Huijuan , Chen Zhiyuan , Song Ruiqi
Published: September 2022

Aims:

Rectification of a slanted continuous concrete box-girder bridge is presented in this paper.

Background:

Several bridge piers slanted due to uneven ground settlement, inducing excessive width of some expansion joints and oversize sliding displacement of some bridge bearings. The uneven ground settlement occured due to the unbalanced soil load on the ground.

Methods:

In this project, reverse ground loading was first applied to produce opposite-direction deformation of the bending bridge piles, thereby rectifying the slanted bridge piers rigidly connected to the piles. The procedure was accelerated by constructing several stress release holes on the opposite side of the reverse ground loading.

Results:

To stabilize foundation and prevent landsides of riverbank, combimationn of jet grouting piles and deep mixed piles was apliied to reinforce foundation soil, providing lateral restraint on the bridge piles as well. Finally, a hydraulic power system was used to reset the bridge piers, girders, and expansion joints. A similar system and additional equipment were used to replace the damaged bridge bearings.

Conclusion:

The recommended rectification techniques are suitable for rectifying bridges with similar geotechnical conditions and structure types and for replacing damaged bridge bearings.
Bioactive Compounds as Therapeutic Intervention in Mucocutaneous Cancers
Authors: Adeola Henry A. , Bhardwaj Rashmi , Ajayi-Smith Aderonke F. , Bano Afsareen , Adekiya Tayo A. , Ojo Michael C. , Aruleba Raphael T. , Adeola Adeniyi C. , Oyinloye Babatunji E. , Udekwu Chinedu E.
Published: September 2022

There are several beneficial effects of plant bioactive compounds in theevidence-based prevention and treatment of mucocutaneous cancers. For instance,several bioactive compounds via various antioxidant and immunomodulatorymechanisms have been shown to positively improve different diseases, includingcancer. Considering the complex, multifactorial processes that regulate genetic andcellular function in cancer development, the use of small phytochemical moleculescapable of targeting multiple carcinogenetic genes and pathways is plausible. Furthermore, the identification of molecular targets and cognate dietary bioactivemolecules in mucocutaneous cancer, using applied combinatorial chemistryapproaches, potentially presents a key complementary ancillary tool for developingrobust, physiologically bioavailable, diversity-oriented, and cost-effective therapies.These systems biology and omics-based theragnostic tools are crucial for themanagement of cancers that affect the oral mucous membranes and skin in a resourcelimitedsetting. Natural products and nutraceuticals are poised to ameliorate the burdenof mucocutaneous cancers and improve the drug discovery pipelines if state-of-the-artresearch techniques are used to elucidate their therapeutic values in the era of precisionmedicine. Hence, this review focuses on the currently available and potentialtherapeutic benefits of plant bioactive compounds in the prevention and management ofmucocutaneous cancers.
An Update on Green Synthesis Application in Cancer Therapy
Authors: Singh Karishma , Sabiu Saheed
Published: September 2022

Cancer is one of the most common health problems affecting the humanpopulation globally. One of the major focus areas that bio-nanotechnology is takingnowadays relates to nanomedicine and the use of nanomaterials in cancer therapy.Furthermore, the green synthesis of nanoparticles has been described as an effective,inexpensive, and environmentally friendly procedure. Biological organisms such asbacteria, fungi, cyanobacteria, algae, plant extracts, and enzymes and biomoleculeshave been reported to successfully synthesize metal nanoparticles. This reviewdescribes the types of green synthesized nanoparticles, the different green synthesismethods of nanoparticles, and their application against various cancer cell lines.Although the plant-mediated silver nanoparticle synthesis appeared to be the mostcommon green synthesis approach used in cancer therapy, gold nanoparticles arepostulated to be a better, more efficient alternative, whilst the use of zinc oxidenanoparticles is becoming an emerging trend. This review concludes that metalnanoparticles can be used as potential anticancer agents.
RANCANG BANGUN MESIN ROASTING DI IKM REPUBLIK TANI MANDIRI
Authors: Hadi Yuswono , Widiamsa Adam Edward
Published: September 2022

This study aims to determine the design of the roasting machine according to the needs of small business (IKM), IKM Republik Tani Mandiri is a small businesses engaged in processing coffee beans in Kucur Village. This research is focused on increasing production capacity by designing a roaster machine. Research methods The method used is Quality Function Deployment (QFD) phase 1 and product planning and development methods in determining the design of the roasting machine according to the needs of IKM. The calculation of the QFD method that has been carried out will be used to determine the concept of a roasting machine design with product planning and development methods. The design concept can be identified as follows: a gas burner, a rectangular engine cover, a manual temperature gauge, a 3-5kg tube volume, and a two-way dynamo. In the design of the roasting machine, it can be seen that in one roasting cycle with a capacity of 5 kg it takes 40 minutes, while the old machine takes 210 minutes, resulting in a 525% increase in capacity.
CORROSION BEHAVIOR OF LOW ALLOY Ni-Cr-Mo STEEL AFTER HOT FORGING FOLLOWED BY INTERCRITICAL HEATING FOR WEATHERED RESISTANT FASTENER
Authors: Rohmah Miftakhur , Pandhita Gusti Galih , Chandra Septian Adi
Published: September 2022

Low Ni-Cr-Mo alloys is developed by thermomechanical process to obtain high strength, toughness, and great hardenability properties. the aim of this study is to determine the correlation between the microstructure and corrosion properties after hot forging and followed by intercritical heating with cooling rate variation. Low Ni-Cr-Mo steel was homogenized,  hot forgings at 950℃, and heat treated at 880℃ with three cooling variations by water, oil, and air. Intercritical heating makes a dual-phase structure. Metallorgaphy and hardness test is confirmed a mechanical properties. OCP and cyclic polarization test is confirmed a corrosion behavior. As the fast-cooling (water quenchant) show the lath martensite, bainite, and a few of acicular ferrite. The hardness of the 75-ton result is slightly lower than the 50-ton load, is reached 591±9.4 VHN for 75-ton and 597±15.6 VHN for 50-ton. Polarization test resulted corrosion resistance sample with 100 ton forging water quench has a high corrosion rate 0.8 mpy, higher than air quench 0.01 mpy.
PRODUKSI BIODIESEL DARI MINYAK KELAPA SAWIT DENGAN CO-SOLVENT FAME (FATTY ACID METHYL ESTERS) DAN APLIKASINYA PADA MOTOR BAKAR
Authors: Daryono Elvianto Dwi , Mustiadi Lalu
Published: September 2022

The process of transesterification is slow due to the low solubility of triglycerides in methanol. The limitation of mass transfer can be overcome by adding a co-solvent. Co-solvent FAME is the right choice because it is the product of the reaction itself so that it does not require a separation process. The purpose of this study was to examine the use of FAME as a co-solvent in the transesterification of palm oil and its application to the combustion engine. The operating conditions were palm oil mass of 250 gr, NaOH catalyst 1.2% wt, stirring speed 100 rpm, reaction temperature 70oC, ratio molar of oil:methanol =1:6, reaction time (5,10,15,20,25,30 minutes), and co-solvent (0,5,10,15% wt). After the optimum conditions are obtained, the next step is to make biodiesel on a semi pilot plant scale. Oil, methanol, NaOH and co-solvent were put into a stirred reactor and heated at a reaction temperature of 70⁰C. After the reaction is complete then it is flowed into the separator for separation by adding hot water to form 2 layers. The top layer is biodiesel which was analyzed and performance test on the combustion engine. The optimum condition of the process is a reaction time of 10 minutes and the addition of 10% co-solvent, with a yield of 76.7783%. The results of the analysis of SNI 7182:2012 states that biodiesel meets almost all requirements. From the biodiesel performance test on the combustion engine, B10 got quite satisfactory results for the torque and opacity test parameters.
PERANCANGAN MODIFIKASI MESIN BENDING ROTARY BAJA APLIKASI STAND POT BUNGA
Authors: Sumiati Ruzita , Yetri Yuli , Fardinal Fardinal , Putra Hamzah
Published: September 2022

Plants grown in pots continue to grow year after year. A flower pot support or flower pot stand is required to add aesthetic value and save space. The purpose of this research is to develop a steel rotary bending machine design for flower pot stand applications The method used is to calculate the rotational speed of the bending mall, design the transmission, calculate the power and capacity of the machine, calculate and analyze the frame strength, and produce machine design results. The design produces a mall bending rotation of 4.5 rpm with diameters of 100 mm, 120 mm, and 150 mm, an electric motor with a rotation speed of 2840 rpm and a power of 1 HP, 4 pulleys and 2 types A V-belts, a shaft diameter of 20 mm and a 6 x 6 mm key, UCP and UCF type bearings, conical gears with a reduction of 10:16, a gearbox with a reduction of 1:40. The required power is 146 watt (0,2 horsepower), and the engine capacity is 243 bends per hour. The engine frame has dimensions of 750 x 550 x 1000 mm and is made of AISI 1045 material. The highest stress that occurs in the frame is 45.55 N/mm2.
OPTIMASI PARAMETER KARBURISASI TEMPERATUR RENDAH PADA BAJA TAHAN KARAT AUSTENITIK MENGGUNAKAN METODE TAGUCHI
Authors: Fanya Annissa , Haruman Esa
Published: September 2022

Austenitic stainless steel is a popular material for its corrosion resistant properties, however it has low hardness which limits its application. Low-temperature carburizing can be used to improve the mechanical properties of the austenitic stainless steel by producing expanded austenite layer. In order to get a high-quality layer and an efficient processing operation, the carburizing process must be optimized. In this research, a Taguchi method was utilized to investigate the effect of processing parameters related to the formation of the expanded austenite layer depth in austenitic stainless steel. Four factors were selected to be optimized namely temperature, gas flow rate, time, and gas composition with three levels each. L9(34) orthogonal array was applied with nine experimental tests to get the diffusion depth value of carbon in the expanded austenite layer. S/N ratio was used to determine the optimum factor combination with nominal-the-better quality characteristic and the most significant factor was obtained by applying the Analysis of Variance. Temperature was found to be the most significant factor with 54.91% contribution. The optimum combination was also successfully defined with temperature at 450°C (level 2), gas flow rate at 15 liter per minute (level 2), time at 12 hours (level 3), and gas composition at 15% CH4 – 5% H2 – 80% N2 (level 3). Clearly, in this study the Taguchi method was proven to be appropriately used as one of robust tools in optimizing the thermochemical treatment process parameters.
IDENTIFIKASI JENIS INFILL PATTERN PADA PROSES 3D PRINTING YANG MENGHASILKAN HASIL CETAK DENGAN KEKUATAN TEKAN DAN PANJANG FILAMEN YANG OPTIMAL
Authors: Wijayanto Samuel Eluzai Yedija , Handoko Rico , Noel Jesslyne Chenia , Anggawirawan Timotius William , Suteja The Jaya
Published: September 2022

3D Printing technology becomes a potential solution to build various customized leg prosthetics. As a leg prosthetic must be able to hold a compressive force, it is important to find the compressive strength of the 3D printed part. The aim of this research is to find the infill pattern type which produces the 3D printed part with the highest compressive strength and the shortest filament length. This research uses the Fused Filament Fabrication method to print 24 parts made of Polylactic Acid using 12 different infill patterns with 50% density. All printed parts are designed to replicate the ASTM D695 specimen. After that, the compressive strength of each part is measured by using a Universal Testing Machine. And the filament length of each part is estimated by using slicer software. Based on the experiment result, the infill pattern with the highest compressive strength is the 3D Honeycomb type. However, this infill pattern requires the longest filament length compared to other infill patterns. In order to achieve a similar value of compressive strength with the minimum required material, the Cubic type is recommended to be implemented.