bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Una guerra interminable. La complicada gestión de la memoria histórica en España
Authors: Antonio Pérez Pérez José
Published: March 2023

L’accord trouvé le 17 novembre 2021 entre les deux partis politiques de gauche qui gouvernent en coalition en Espagne pour présenter une série d’amendements à la Loi de Mémoire Démocratique a ouvert une petite tempête politique et médiatique dans notre pays. La polémique naît du fait que la nouvelle loi, encore en cours d’instruction, ouvre la possibilité d’interpréter la Loi d’amnistie approuvée en octobre 1977 de manière plus souple qu’auparavant, une possibilité qui permettrait de juger certains crimes commis par le régime franquiste, l’une des aspirations les plus souhaitées par le mouvement en faveur de la récupération de la Mémoire Historique en Espagne, et surtout, par le groupe des victimes du franquisme. Cependant, pour comprendre la portée de cette mesure extraordinaire, il est nécessaire d’analyser le contexte dans lequel elle a été débattue et promulguée, au-delà des interprétations et lectures faites jusqu’à présent à partir de considérations actuelles sur les décisions qui ont été prises dans le passé dans des circonstances exceptionnelles. La Loi d’Amnistie a servi à l’époque à faciliter la libération des derniers prisonniers politiques qui purgeaient une peine pour s’être opposés à la dictature. Mais cette loi signifiait bien plus que la libération d’une poignée de militants de différentes organisation politiques, y compris quelques terroristes ayant commis de graves crimes de sang. Sa promulgation a surtout été le point culminant de toute une série de luttes promues et menées au cours des dernières années du franquisme et des premiers mois de la transition par les partis et les syndicats, tant de la gauche que du nationalisme basque et catalan, mobilisations qui ont également fait un nombre important de morts lors des manifestations qui ont eu lieu à cette époque. La Loi d’Amnistie n’était pas, selon l’idée qui a été répandue dans certains secteurs politiques, une loi du point final pour empêcher de juger les responsables des crimes du franquisme, ni une imposition de ses élites politiques ou des secteurs les plus réactionnaires. La vérité est qu’à l’époque son approbation a été vécue comme une victoire pour tous les partis et syndicats qui avaient fait partie de l’opposition au régime précédent. Cet article tente d’examiner ce qu’a entraîné cette mesure et l’évolution qu’a connue le mouvement en faveur de la récupération de la Mémoire Historique en Espagne, depuis son apparition au début du XXI e siècle, lorsque toute une série de groupes ont réuni leurs efforts pour défendre la mémoire des victimes du franquisme, et surtout, récupérer et exhumer les corps sans vie de milliers et de milliers d’hommes et de femmes assassinés pendant la Guerre Civile et pendant les premières années d’après-guerre. Dans ce but, l’article passe en revue les différentes initiatives, tant politiques que judiciaires, qui ont été menées au cours des dernières décennies.
Identidad, memorias y nuevas tecnologías
Authors: López Belloso María
Published: March 2023

L’objectif de ce travail est d’analyser le rôle que les nouvelles technologies et les processus de numérisation peuvent jouer dans la protection et la réalisation du droit à la vérité, à la justice et à la réparation. Pour ce faire, cet article part de la construction théorique, doctrinale et conventionnelle du droit à la vérité et du droit émergent à la mémoire pour ensuite analyser de manière critique la contribution que les nouvelles technologies peuvent apporter à leur protection et les risques qu’elles comportent. Pour cela, ce travail compile et examine différentes bases de données et applications technologiques au regard de leur contribution aux différentes dimensions de la vérité (narrative, médico-légale, réparatrice et sociale) et aux « usages de la mémoire » identifiés par Paul Ricœur (la mémoire empêchée, la mémoire manipulée, et la mémoire obligée). Cette contribution conclut que les apports des nouvelles technologies contribuent aux quatre dimensions susmentionnées à travers la collecte, la vérification et la systématisation de données et de preuves, ainsi que l’analyse et l’interprétation d’histoires et d’expériences, et l’interaction entre la mémoire et la société civile, renforçant l’utilisation de la « mémoire obligatoire ». Cependant, elle met également en évidence certains des risques qui augmentent avec l’utilisation de ces technologies (re-traumatisation) et les risques nouveaux qu’elles introduisent (biais algorithmiques, collision avec le droit à l’oubli).
L’injonction d’assimilation des étrangers : entre identification et fabrique de monstres sociaux
Authors: Galloro Piero-D.
Published: March 2023

L’idée d’assimilation des étrangers en France est aujourd’hui présente dans le discours politique et médiatique. Au-delà des querelles et polémiques soulevées par l’usage actuel du terme, sa mobilisation révèle le regard ambigu posé par la société française depuis le XIX e siècle vis-à-vis de l’Autre perçu de manière duale. Au rejet xénophobe des premiers immigrés européens avant la Grande Guerre a succédé une contestation de légitimité des derniers arrivants à partir de la fin du XX e siècle. L’Étranger, comme figure sociale, a été progressivement réduit aux seuls traits des immigrés originaires des anciennes colonies françaises et de leurs héritiers. Leur inclusion à la société française se joue sur fond de controverses culturelles, cultuelles et identitaires. Le regard porté sur les candidats à la naturalisation souligne le paradoxe d’un rejet moins xénophobe que racisant, faisant jouer des mécanismes de déclassement social construits sur le long terme. L’injonction d’assimilation imposée à ces catégories d’étrangers par un processus de monstration entre en résonance avec l’incantation républicaine d’égalité et de reconnaissance de l’Autre.
L’accompagnement éducatif en MECS face à la disruption numérique
Authors: Plantegenet Nicolas , Melou François
Published: March 2023

Cet article aborde la place du numérique dans l’accompagnement par des éducateurs spécialisés au sein d’une MECS. Les résultats montrent la place grandissante du numérique dans l’accompagnement des jeunes. Ce qui confronte les professionnels à une hybridation de leurs pratiques, et impose une réflexion sur l’extension du domaine de leur éthique de responsabilité.
Inégalités numériques, inégalités sociales, sources de l’e-exclusion
Authors: Melou François , Pinsault Camille , Gontrand Frederic
Published: March 2023

L’accueil de jour est un lieu d’accueil des sans domicile fixe qui se trouve en première ligne face aux inégalités numériques, dont souffrent une grande majorité des personnes accueillies. Le public reçu est labile, ce qui a orienté la méthodologie vers les entretiens informels et la rédaction de mémos. Appréhender la diversité des situations, par le modèle de Van Dijk (2005), c’est essayer de répondre aux besoins de connexion, d’un ordinateur ou d’aides administratives. Un constat s’impose l’e-administration est le vecteur pour ce public de l’e-exclusion. Aujourd’hui, les plus fragiles sont à nouveau les grands perdants de l’entrée dans l’âge du numérique, les e-exclus voient ainsi se creuser les inégalités sociales.
Usages numériques au service de l’industrialisation du « travail social »
Authors: Louli Jonathan
Published: March 2023

L’écosystème du « travail social » est en voie d’industrialisation. Cet article examine en quoi des usages numériques contribuent aux phénomènes d’industrialisation : instrumentalisation des secteurs, formatage des pratiques, prolétarisation des travailleur·euse·s.
La clinique du sujet dans les psychoses. 25 ans d’expérience au CHRS Henri Wallon (Montpellier, France)
Authors: Bozza Alain , Prouvez Valentine
Published: March 2023

Alain Bozza est psychologue clinicien et co-fondateur du CHRS Henri Wallon, dans lequel il a exercé pendant 25 ans. Né du désir d’un groupe de patients souffrant de psychoses, de parents et de professionnels, ce dispositif a expérimenté une clinique novatrice anticipant de plus de 20 ans les préconisations de la loi 2002-2. Dans un propos passionnant, l’ouvrage dont ce texte propose la recension relate comment cette équipe – à partir de la praxis et de l’éthique psychanalytique – s’est laissée enseignée par les « stagiaires » du CHRS pour repenser les orientations du projet d’accompagnement en interrogeant ses « ratages ». Le pari audacieux formulé par ces pionniers n’était rien de moins que de soutenir une « remise en selle » de ces sujets psychotiques, partant d’une « prise au mot » de leur demande d’insertion par le travail.
Improving Vaccination Rates in the Clinical Setting
Authors: Stinchfield Patricia , Almeida Kristine
Published: March 2023

Pediatric providers can consider using the 5 P's paradigm for process improvement to optimize vaccination rates in the clinical settings: People, Processes, Pharmacy principles, Pain prevention, and Presumptive vaccine communications. Maintaining high clinical setting vaccination rates requires hiring and training the right people with vaccination details for the population being served, perfecting safe vaccine delivery processes including when and where to vaccinate, using pharmacy principles for proper vaccine storage and handling, operationalizing proper pain prevention for consistent care, and providing clear presumptive vaccine communications for success. A dedicated role of Vaccine Specialist or a clearly defined Vaccine Champion serves as the content expert of the 5 P's in the clinical setting who is critical to improving and sustaining high vaccination rates. The 5 P's Checklist for increased vaccination rates can be a tool for success in achieving and sustaining high vaccination rates in clinical settings such as ambulatory clinics, pharmacies, and school-based vaccination events.

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Pediatr Ann
. 2023;52(3):e89–e95.]
Reduction in optimal control with broken symmetry for collision and obstacle avoidance of multi-agent system on Lie groups
Authors: Stratoglou Efstratios , Simoes Alexandre Anahory , Colombo Leonardo J.
Published: March 2023

We study the reduction by symmetry for optimality conditions in optimal control problems of left-invariant affine multi-agent control systems, with partial symmetry breaking cost functions for continuous-time and discrete-time systems. We recast the optimal control problem as a constrained variational problem with a partial symmetry breaking Lagrangian and obtain the reduced optimality conditions from a reduced variational principle via symmetry reduction techniques in both settings continuous-time, and discrete-time. We apply the results to a collision and obstacle avoidance problem for multiple vehicles evolving on $ SE(2) $ in the presence of a static obstacle.
Sustainable certification of a tourist destination through the prism of visitor's point of view
Authors: Geršič Matjaž , Gašperič Primož , Rus Petra , Šmid Hribar Mateja , Razpotnik Visković Nika
Published: March 2023

With the research we wanted to find out what are the tourism practices that tourists perceive as sustainable at tourist destinations in Slovenia that have the Slovenia Green sustainability certificate. We have selected eight destinations. The main method of work was surveying, followed by the analysis of the results. We analyzed 1444 surveys. We found that only 50% of respondents know about the sustainability certificate for tourist destinations, that the most recognizable sustainable practice in destinations is the possibility of using water for drinking from the tap, and that the biggest drawback in destinations is inadequate public passenger transport. We conclude that destinations should invest in more effective propaganda of the sustainability certificate and make more visible progress, especially in the field of public passenger transport.
Prediction of College Students' Classroom Learning Effect Considering Positive Learning Emotion
Authors: Lv Jia , Yang Junping
Published: March 2023

Exploring the influence of positive learning emotion on college students' classroom learning effect facilitates fully understanding college students' online learning effect and emotional state, and is beneficial to improving students' learning quality and teachers' teaching quality. At present, few scholars have summative evaluation of students' classroom learning effect from the perspective of students' learning emotions and prove from the perspective of theory and practice that good emotional state is an important influencing factor to improve college students' classroom learning effect. Therefore, this article fully considers the positive learning emotion, and makes a research on the prediction of college students' classroom learning effect. Firstly, this article defines the behavior data of students in the online learning process based on learning emotions, and studies the correlation between college students' classroom learning behaviors based on Hawkes process. Then, based on the learning participation under the influence of different learning emotions, the online learning effect of students is quantified, and the prediction model of students' classroom learning is constructed by combining the learning behavior sequence analysis results represented by Hawkes process and the characteristic information of students themselves and courses. The experimental results verify the effectiveness of the model, and the significance test results confirm the positive effect of positive emotion on learning effect.
Construire ou déconstruire l’espace du Raval dans En construcción (José Luis Guerin, 2001) ?
Authors: Bloch-Robin Marianne
Published: March 2023

Cet article analyse la construction de l’espace filmique dans le documentaire de José Luis Guerin En Construcción (2003). Les éléments visuels et sonores se combinent pour modeler l’espace de la ville-quartier : celui du microcosme fermé du Barrio Chino en mutation qui enferme ses habitants destinés à disparaitre ; celui du palimpseste des temporalités et enfin les espaces complémentaires de l’ici, du « là » et de l’ailleurs, selon la terminologie définie par André Gardies, ces deux dernières dimensions s’introduisant tout particulièrement par le biais du son dans le quartier barcelonais apparemment clos du Raval.
La mortalité de guerre au Burundi pendant la période 1993-2001
Authors: Bergouignan Christophe
Published: March 2023

En partie structuré par des oppositions ethniques, le conflit Burundais débuté en 1993 a engendré un grand nombre de victimes directes (tuées par la guerre) et indirectes (suite à la détérioration des conditions de vie). Au-delà de la mortalité, cette crise a provoqué de nombreux déplacements forcés. L'objectif de cet article est, partant du profil des victimes de la guerre civile burundaise selon diverses caractéristiques (âge, sexe, …) et en analysant les très fortes différences géographiques de mortalité de guerre, de comprendre les facteurs de surexposition à cette mortalité. L'exploitation de l'Enquête Démographique et de Santé de la Reproduction réalisée en 2002 (ESDSR Burundi 2002) permet d'estimer les taux de mortalité à partir des déclarations des enquêtés sur la survie de leurs enfants et sur la survie de leurs parents. Lorsque le décès d'un des proches est déclaré, on peut distinguer s'il résulte de violences armées ou d'une autre cause, ce qui autorise l'estimation de taux de mortalité de guerre par âge et sexe. À l’échelle des secteurs d’enquête, et afin de neutraliser l’effet des petits effectifs d’enquêtés dans chaque secteur et l’effet des différences de composition par sexe et âge, des taux standardisés de mortalité de guerre ont été estimés. Ces estimations sont proposées pour 2 périodes : l'année 1993 caractérisée par des massacres de masse et leur répression, et la période 1994-2001 caractérisée par une guérilla et des exactions sporadiques. À cette distinction temporelle s’ajoutent les regroupements de populations opérés en 1993 et 1994 puis pendant les années 1996-1999, qui fournissent indirectement de nombreuses informations sur l’exposition à la mortalité de guerre des différentes parties de la population en fonction de leur situation face aux enjeux politiques, ethniques et régionaux, dans le cadre de la géographie humaine complexe du Burundi.
Beyond the crisis: fertility variations and the family policies in the Portuguese municipalities
Authors: Pimentel Dulce , Sousa Gomes Cristina
Published: March 2023

In a profound ageing context, such as the Portuguese, fertility becomes a key variable for the analysis of population dynamics, with increased importance given the very low levels recorded in the country. According to INE [2020], Portugal has a total fertility rate (TFR) of 1.40 children per woman, one of the lowest in the EU [Eurostat, 2022].The economic and financial crisis of 2008 and the Troika intervention (European Commission, European Central Bank, and the International Monetary Fund, the three authorities that monitored international bailout programs) in 2011, had impacted on the socioeconomic conditions of the Portuguese population, with repercussions in other behaviors as well as in fertility. Thus, the childbearing postponement led the TFR to fall to its lowest levels on record, reaching 1.21 children per woman in 2013. Although the economic recovery has allowed a slight recovery in fertility levels, the new crisis caused by COVID-19 was reflected in a new historic decline in births in the country in 2021, when the number of live births fell below 80 000, a decrease of 8% compared to 2019 [INE, 2022].Although this downward trend is common to almost all developed European countries [Aassve et al., 2020 ; Aassve et al., 2021], for Portuguese society it is a new wake-up call and a cause for concern given the population decline confirmed in the provisional data release from the 2021 Population Census (-2.1% compared to 2011). However, fertility patterns are not uniform, as they involve regional heterogeneity, which highlights a multiplicity of factors and behavioral patterns.This paper aims to approach fertility from a regional perspective to distinguish the diversity of patterns across the territory in the last two decades, and to discuss the extent to which the crises were a point of change or reinforcement of the transformations that were taking place. In the analysis, in addition to the framework and contextualisation of fertility trends by NUTS 3, the policy responses that have emerged at a local/municipal scale will be analysed.Although the crisis has contributed to the fertility decline in Portugal, its decline goes beyond the crisis reflecting changes in behavioral patterns and social and economic constraints. Thus, there persist constraints in the population dynamics that have prevented the reversal or mitigation of the decline in the inland territories that currently are also felt at the country level.
La pandémie de Covid-19, facteur de revitalisation démographique des zones rurales ? Le cas de la province d’Alicante (Espagne)
Authors: Valero Escandell José Ramón
Published: March 2023

La pandémie de 2020 et le confinement ont été caractérisés dans de nombreux endroits par une revitalisation démographique de certaines zones rurales, ou du moins par un ralentissement du processus de dépeuplement. Ce fut notamment le cas dans la province d’Alicante, située au sud de l’Espagne en Andalousie, où la dynamique observée en 2020 apparaît en rupture avec celle de la décennie précédente (2010-2020). Quels facteurs ont pu favoriser ce rebond ? Dans cet article, nous avons focalisé notre attention sur l’effet potentiel de quelques facteurs géographiques, économiques et démographiques : la distribution territoriale des communes rurales, leur distance par rapport aux centres urbains, la proximité du littoral, le niveau de revenu, le vieillissement local de la population, la dynamique démographique au cours de la décennie qui a précédé la crise du Covid-19, la présence de résidents étrangers arrivés pour y exercer une activité professionnelle ou y passer leur retraite.Les résultats sont mitigés. Aucun lien très net ne peut être mis en évidence ; mais des tendances émergent toutefois, qui rejoignent les résultats d’études menées ailleurs en Espagne ou confirment des mouvements qui ont émergé avant l’épidémie de Covid-19. Faut-il y voir un phénomène ponctuel ou l’amorce d’une dynamique de plus long terme ? Il est encore trop tôt pour répondre à cette question. Mais cette analyse permet de préciser des pistes de recherche qui peuvent orienter les politiques d’aménagement du territoire et stimuler de manière durable le renouveau démographique des zones rurales.
La guerre de 1914-1918 : un cataclysme démographique. Effets immédiats et conséquences à long terme de la guerre de 1914-1918 sur la démographie française
Authors: Bellis Gil , Léger Jean-François , Parant Alain
Published: March 2023

La France a connu depuis le début du IIIe millénaire deux crises de mortalité importantes : celle liée à l’épisode de forte chaleur du mois d’août 2003 et celle, encore en cours, consécutive à l’épidémie de Covid-19. Ces événements se sont traduits par une surmortalité considérable. Mais en regard des conséquences démographiques que la Première Guerre mondiale a eues à court, moyen et long termes, elles paraissent presqu’anecdotiques. Ce dossier pédagogique revient en détail sur les effets que la guerre de 1914-1918 a eu sur la démographie française. Après une première partie qui brosse le portrait démographique de la France métropolitaine à la veille du conflit, ce dossier pédagogique revient ensuite sur l’ampleur des pertes humaines qui ont amputé des générations de jeunes hommes (2e partie), la forte dépression de la fécondité en raison de la séparation des couples pendant le conflit (3e partie) et les conséquences majeures et durables de la surmortalité et de la baisse de la natalité sur la pyramide des âges de la France (4e partie). Enfin, dans une 5e partie qui fait office de conclusion, ce dossier relativise l’importance des crises liées à la canicule de 2003 et à l’épidémie de Covid-19.
Logiques d’implantation des structures sanitaires et disparités socio-spatiales de l’accès à l’offre de soins à Bouaké (Côte d’Ivoire)
Authors: Konan Kouassi Samuel , Oura Kouadio Raphaël , Fournet Florence
Published: March 2023

La répartition de l’offre de soins à Bouaké, telle qu’elle apparaît aujourd’hui, est issue d’un long processus ancré à la fois dans l’histoire de la ville et des politiques de santé. Cette étude s’intéresse ainsi au lien entre les logiques d’installation des structures de soins et l’accès à l’offre de soins à Bouaké. Les résultats, obtenus du recensement de toutes les structures sanitaires de l’aire urbaine et de leur géo-positionnement, révèlent que différentes logiques d’implantation sont à l’œuvre et qu’elles sont à l’origine d’inégalités socio-spatiales d’accès à l’offre de soins à Bouaké. Ainsi, le secteur privé se soucie davantage de rentabilité que de venir en appui au secteur public. Le secteur privé confessionnel se caractérise par son engagement auprès des ménages défavorisés. Quant au secteur public, certes guidé par une volonté de vouloir respecter la carte sanitaire, il offre de faibles plateaux techniques et une capacité d’accueil limitée. Ces logiques d’implantation différenciées se traduisent par une concentration des structures de soins au centre-ville et le long des grandes voies de communication. Les formations sanitaires deviennent rares à mesure qu’on progresse vers la périphérie et les zones difficiles d’accès. Cette distribution de l’offre de soins par secteur de soins révèle des inégalités potentielles dans la satisfaction des besoins de santé des populations.
La polarisation socio-économique interne des quartiers centraux des métropoles françaises de province
Authors: Gripsiou Argyro , Bergouignan Christophe
Published: March 2023

Les fortes inégalités de statut socio-économique, mais également de revenu, entre les différents quartiers des grandes villes sont une des caractéristiques très documentées de l’espace urbain. On peut néanmoins aussi observer quelques quartiers où cohabitent des ménages situés aux 2 extrémités de la distribution des revenus, plus rares, ils sont presque toujours situés dans les parties centrales des villes. A partir de 2 indices construits à partir des données fiscales et sociales et avec une méthode originale (nommés indices de pauvreté et de richesse), cet article identifie ces quartiers dans les métropoles françaises de province et, parmi ces métropoles, celles au sein desquelles ces quartiers à forte polarisation socio-économique interne, sont les plus présents. Les villes centres comprenant les proportions les plus élevées de petits logements et d’étudiants, mais aussi celles où les inégalités entre les quartiers riches et pauvres sont les plus fortes sont également celles où les quartiers à forte polarisation socio-économique interne sont les plus présents. Dans un deuxième temps, une analyse en composantes principales permet de repérer les autres caractéristiques sociodémographiques qui distinguent ces quartiers à forte polarisation socio-économique interne du reste des villes centres. Dans le prolongement de ce qui été constaté à l’échelle de l’ensemble des villes centres, les quartiers à forte polarisation socio-économique interne se caractérisent par des surreprésentations des petits logements anciens et des étudiants. La présence dans ces quartiers d’étudiants à faibles revenus fiscalement indépendants de leurs parents contribue très probablement à structurer leur polarisation socio-économique interne. Néanmoins d’autres facteurs semblent déterminer la polarisation socio-économique interne, puisqu’une partie non négligeable de ces quartiers polarisés (notamment à Marseille et à Nice), ne présentent aucune surreprésentation étudiante.
Pros and Cons of Cannabinoids as a Potential Therapeutic Target for Treating Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Pattabhiramaiah Mahesh , Mallikarjunaiah Shanthala , Sarma Baishali Bedi
Published: March 2023

Medical marijuana or cannabis is a psychedelic drug composed of highly lipophilic tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) components derived from the plant C. sativa and C. indica. Parkinson's disease (PD), in which interactivity of biochemical and cellular signaling pathways induces endogenous cannabinoid system, a neuromodulatory system, transmits specific physiological effects when coupled with G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) via type 1 cannabinoid receptor (CB1) and type 2 cannabinoid receptor (CB2). Much recent research indicates that interactions between the cannabis system and dopamine in the basal ganglia area diminish levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) and other symptoms. Due to the limited number of pharmacological treatment options presently available for PD, in-depth research with clinical trials are crucial in the search for molecules with therapeutic potential studies in a wide range of epidemiological work for PD to increase neural transmission. This chapter reviews the mode of action of cannabinoids in PD.
Re-Imagining Health and Medicine Education
Authors: Lottering Nicolene , Lim Iris , Gough Suzanne
Published: March 2023

Gamification is an active-learning approach commonly used in education to promote learner engagement. This chapter provides an overview of how gamified approaches can be applied to enable university students comprising of Generation Z and Y learners, to access authentic learning resources to self-regulate their learning in preparation for assessment. Methods and flexible strategies that can be incorporated into undergraduate and postgraduate education programs worldwide are provided. Three case studies illustrate the use of technology-enhanced weekly quizzes to optimise student engagement, knowledge retention, and academic performance. Key educational theories and practices that underpinned the case studies include social constructivism, disuse theory, and complexity theory alongside the use of scaffolding, chunking, flipped classroom, deliberate practice, and periodic revisitation. The chapter concludes with 12 pearls of wisdom to optimize leaner engagement using a gamified approach to enhance the students' ability to self-regulate their learning and achieve their learning goals.
Prospective Teachers’ Instructional Responses on the basis of Students’ Functional Thinking: The Context of Pattern Generalization
Authors: Özel Zeynep , Işıksal-Bostan Mine , Tekin-Sitrava Reyhan
Published: March 2023

This qualitative case study aimed to investigate prospective middle school mathematics teachers’ instructional responses on the basis of the students’ correct and incorrect functional thinking within the context of pattern generalization. The data were collected from thirty-two prospective teachers through a written task and semi-structured interviews and analyzed with open coding. The findings of the study revealed that most of the prospective teachers could support the functional thinking of the student who had an incorrect solution. However, they could not extend the student’s functional thinking of those who reached the correct solution. Instead, they asked student to do another similar drill or provided a general response to the student with the correct solution without extending their functional thinking.
Bizans Saray Kültürü 829-1204
Authors: SONKUR Gülay
Published: March 2023

Doğu Roma İmparatorluğu olarak da isimlendirilen 330-1453 yılları arasında geniş topraklarda hüküm süren Bizans İmparatorluğu, araştırmacıların sıklıkla ilgisini çekmiştir. 20. yüzyılın sonuna kadar bu konuda yapılan araştırmalar, siyasî, idarî ve askerî alanlarda olmuştur. Bizans İmparatorluğu’nun saray kültürü ve sosyal hayatını esas alan çalışmalar eksiklik teşkil etmiştir. 1994 yılında literatürdeki bu eksikliği gidermek amacıyla Dumbarton Oaks’ta uluslararası sempozyum düzenlenmiştir. Dünyanın farklı üniversitelerinden bir araya gelen akademisyenler, Bizans’ın altın çağı olan 829-1204 yılları arasındaki saray kültürüne dair çeşitli sunumlar yapmıştır. Bu çalışmada, Bizans Saray Kültürü 829-1204 isimli kitabın değerlendirmesi yapılmıştır. Değerlendirilen kitap, Dumbarton Oaks’ta uzun yıllar Bizans çalışmalarını yürüten Henry Maguire editörlüğünde bir araya getirilen Bizans saray kültürüne ilişkin on dört ayrı makaleyi ihtiva etmektedir. Kitapta yer alan makaleler; imparatorluk törenleri, kıyafetleri, saray bahçeleri, imparatorluğun simgesel motifleri, dönemin devletleri ile ilişkiler bağlamında Bizans’ın imparatorluk kültürü gibi çok çeşitli alanlara temas etmektedir. Bizans saray kültürüne ilişkin geniş bir kompozisyon örneği sunan kitap, saray hayatıyla bağlantılı detaylı konulara da temas ettiğinden, kitabın diğer Bizans çalışmalarından ayrı bir yeri bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, yazarların vurguladıkları meseleler, konuya yaklaşımları, meseleler arasındaki bağlamlar, dil ve üslup özellikleri incelenmiştir.
İl-i Kaşkayi Der Tarih-i Muasır-ı İran
Authors: CELEP Zühre Nur
Published: March 2023

Tarih boyunca Türklerin yaşadığı coğrafyaya bakıldığında genel itibariyle Çin Seddi’nden başlayarak Tuna boylarına, Sibirya’dan Hint Okyanusu ve Büyük Sahra çölüne kadar uzanan geniş bir bölgeyi kapsadığı görülmektedir. Bu bağlamda günümüz İran coğrafyası da Türklerin uzun bir süreden beri meskûn oldukları önemli bölgelerden biri olmuştur. İran, çeşitli etnik grupları bünyesinde barındırmakta olup nüfusunun çoğunluğunu Farslar ve Türkler oluşturmaktadır. Türkler de kendi aralarında Azerbaycan Türkleri, Kaşkaylar, Türkmenler, Halaçlar, Şahsevenler ve nicelik açısından daha küçük topluluklar şeklinde ayrılmaktadır. Kaşkay Türklerinin yaşadığı bölge ise İran’ın güneydoğusunda yer alan Fars eyaletidir. Tanıtımını yaptığımız bu çalışma, İran’ın çağdaş tarihinde kayda değer bir yere sahip olan Kaşkaylara ilişkin önemli eserlerden biri olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Çalışmanın İran’ın modern tarihinde Kaşkayların oynadıkları role ilişkin zengin literatür ışığında önemli bilgiler sunması, Kaşkaylara yönelik çalışma yapanların başvurmak isteyeceği önemli Farsça kaynaklar arasında yer almasını sağlamıştır. Bu kitabı tanıtmamızdaki amaç, Kaşkayların modern siyasi tarihini ve onların konumlarını derli toplu ve değerli kaynaklar ışığında ve -kanaatimizce- objektif olma çabası içerisinde değerlendiren bir çalışma olmasından kaynaklanmaktadır.
İmtiyazlar Bağlamında Osmanlı Devleti'nde Ermeniler
Authors: DERİ Mehmet
Published: March 2023

Ermeniler ve Ermenilere tanınan imtiyazlar konusunda yapılan nitelikli ve akademik çalışmaların sayısı son yıllarda giderek artmaktadır. Bu çalışmalardan biri de Prof. Dr. Cahit Külekçi’nin kaleme almış olduğu İmtiyazlar Bağlamında Osmanlı Devleti’nde Ermeniler başlıklı çalışmasıdır. Osman Devleti himayesinde yaşayan gayrimüslimlere çeşitli alanlarda birtakım imtiyazlar verildiği gibi, Ermenilere de dinî, sosyo-kültürel, siyasî, idarî, adlî vb. gibi alanlarda birtakım imtiyazlar verilmiş, bu imtiyazlar Tanzimat Fermanı (1839) ve Islahat Fermanı (1856) ile yazılı duruma getirilmiştir. Verilen bu imtiyazlar gereğince, diğer azınlıklar gibi Ermeniler de bağımsız bir dinî zümre kabul edilmiş ve Osmanlı Devleti vatandaşlarının sahip olduğu tüm haklardan faydalanmaya başlamışlardır. Ancak verilen bu iyi niyetli imtiyazlar, ileriki yıllarda ortaya çıkacak olan Ermeni meselesinde ve Ermeni isyanlarında bir basamak oluşturmuş, Batılı Devletlerin Osmanlı Devleti’nin içişlerine karışmasına zemin hazırlamış, bu durum devletin çöküş sürecini hızlandırmıştır. Alanında konuyla ilgili temel kaynaklar kullanılarak, zengin bir akademik literatürle hazırlanmış olan çalışmada; konular özlü bir şekilde ele alınıp işlenmiş, Osmanlı tebaası olan Ermenilere tanınan dinî, sosyokültürel, siyasî, idarî imtiyazlar ve bu imtiyazların zaman içinde doğurduğu olumsuz sonuçlar akademik bir perspektiften incelenmiştir.
Küfür Etmenin Kısa Tarihi
Authors: EKŞİ Hilal
Published: March 2023

Toplumsal yaşamı şekillendiren insan temelli araçlardan biri de söylemlerdir. Gündelik hayatta kullandığımız söylemler için her ne kadar gelişigüzel ve önceden var olanların devam ettirilmiş olduğu düşüncesi hâkim olsa da esasında her söylemin toplumsal ve biyolojik bir arka planı vardır. Bu arka plan duygu, düşünce, im ve nihayetinde dil aracılığıyla oluşturulmaktadır. İşin mutfağındaki görünen araçlar ise biyolojik açıdan beyin ve onun donanımları ile toplumsal açıdan kültür olgusunun kendisidir. Her ikisinin ortak noktası etkileşim aracılığıyla şekillendirilebilir olmaları ve böylece toplumsal olarak zuhur ettirilmeleridir. Söz konusu çalışmada incelenen kitabın içeriğini genelde duygu, düşünce ve söylem aracılığıyla görünenden çıkarılan anlamlar yansıtırken özelde ise küfür içerikli söylemlerin arkeolojisinin disiplinler arası perspektiften anlaşılması oluşturmaktadır. Bu bağlamda toplumun anlaşılmasını birleştiren farklı bilim dalları gibi insanın anlaşılmasını birleştiren söylem, beyin, duygu ve im gibi araçlar vasıtasıyla mikrodan makroya doğru toplumsal bir analiz küfür üzerinden gerçekleştirilmektedir. Küfrün evrilen tarihiyle insanın ve toplumun tarihini tanıtılan eser aracılığıyla görebilmek mümkün hale gelecektir.
Student-perceived impact of types of co-curricular activities in a Doctor of Pharmacy programme
Authors: Cole Jaclyn D. , Varghese Gupta Sheeba , Devries Davina , Hill Angela M. , Tipparaju Srinivas M. , Schwartz Amy , Petrelli Heather
Published: March 2023

Background: Co-curricular (CoC) activity tracking and assessment are required by the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE) 2016 Standards. The purpose of this manuscript is to evaluate the student-perceived impact of the type of CoC activity chosen.
Methods: First-year (P1) through third-year (P3) students in a 4-year Doctor of Pharmacy programme were required to complete two Professional Development Unit (PDUs) activities each semester and two Self-Selected Activities (SSAs) longitudinally through each academic year. PDUs include passive attendance at practitioner presentations, whereas SSAs require more active engagement, such as membership in professional organisations. Students completed surveys for each CoC activity. Survey responses for spring 2020, fall 2020, and spring 2021 were collected through ExamSoft and analysed with PowerBI (2021) and IntellectusStatisticsTM (2019).
Results: Students reported positive perceptions for both PDUs and SSAs in the areas of being “different from prior experiences”, “complimenting the curriculum”, “increased my understanding of the profession”, and being of “high quality”. Professional organisation activities were the most commonly selected SSA. Those activities with lower perceived benefit were less clearly aligned with the professional role of a pharmacist, such as intramural sports.
Conclusion: Overall, most CoC activities that closely aligned with the profession of pharmacy were perceived to complement the curriculum and enhance students’ understanding of the field. Students reported perceived value in both active and passive CoC activities.
MODIFICATION OF TERMITE MOUND SOIL USING PHOSPHORIC ACID FOR PHOTODEGRADATION OF METHYLENE BLUE DYE UNDER UV LIGHT IRRADIATION
Authors: Madaki L. A. , Ibrahim H. , Ekwumemgbo P. A. , Gimba C. E.
Published: March 2023

Termite mound was mined from the termite nest spotted at Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria Kaduna State, Nigeria. It was washed with deionized water and placed in an oven set at 60oC for 6 hrs before crushing with an aggregate impact crusher and sieved into 0.075 m mesh pore size. The sieved soil sample was tagged as unmodified-TMS (termite mound soil). The soil sample was modified using orthophosphoric acid (H3PO4) at different (5 %, 10 %, 15 %, and 20 %) concentrations. The modified and unmodified-TMS were characterized by the methods of scanning electronic microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), Electron diffractive X-ray (EDX), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermogravimetric analyses (TGA), and Selected area electron diffraction (SAED), The photocatalytic activity of the unmodified-TMS, 5 % TMS-H3PO4, 10 % TMS-H3PO4 , 15 % TMS-H3PO4 , and 20 % TMS-H3PO4, were assessed by testing the degradation rate of Methylene Blue under ultraviolet light irradiation using optimum parameters (1.5 g/L, pH 11 & 75 mg/L). The results indicated that the samples exhibited the best photocatalytic activity at optimum parameters of catalyst dosage 1.5 g /L. pH 11 and 75 mg/L concentration of MB as evidenced by the highest methylene degradation rate of (88 %). The photocatalytic degradation of Methylene blue dye was found to obey first-order kinetics.
PROFILING PHYTOCHEMICALS AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF HEXANE AND ACETONE CRUDE EXTRACTS OF Sterculia setigera LEAF
Authors: Ushie O. A. , Kendeson A. C. , Longbab B. D. , Ogofotha P. U. , Nongu S. T. , Bako B.
Published: March 2023

Assessment of phytochemicals and antimicrobial activities of different solvent (hexane and acetone) extracts of the leaf of Sterculia setigera were carried out using standard methods. 200 g of the dried leaves was macerated using 400 mL of each solvent in increasing polarity for the extraction, with percentage yield of 7.87 and 8.74% for hexane and acetone respectively. Phytochemical screening of the crude extracts showed the presence of alkaloids, terpenoids, tannins, phenol, steroids and phlobatannins; glycosides were present in hexane extract only while saponins where present in acetone extract only. Using the diffusion method, both extracts showed visible inhibitory effect when compared to the positive control against Methicilin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Vancomycin resistant Enterococci (VRE), Escherichia coli, Campylobacter jejuni, Salmonella typhi, and Candida tropicalis except for Staphylococcus aureus, Helicobacter pylori, Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis that were resistant. Although, both extracts exhibited antimicrobial activities, acetone extract showed slightly more activities than that of the hexane extract. This, therefore, offers scientific basis for the traditional use of plant Sterculia setigera for the treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, malaria, jaundice, measles, syphilis and leprosy.
SPECIATION OF TRACE METALS IN SEDIMENT OF A TROPICAL RIVER
Authors: Nwoke I. B. , Uwah E. I. , Inam E. J. , Udosen I. E. , Udosen E. D.
Published: March 2023

Concentrations and speciation of Pb, Cu, Cr, Cd, As, Ni in sediment from New Calabar River, Nigeria were assayed. Concentrations of the trace metals were determined using UNICAM solar 969 AAS. Speciation was done using five steps sequential extractions. Results revealed that for wet and dry seasons, concentrations (mg/kg) of the metals in the sediment ranged from 1.1E-2±1.0E-3 for As to 5.17±0.04 for Ni and that majority of the metals were bound to the residual fraction (F5), while Cu was mostly bound to the exchangeable fraction (F1). Overall trend of speciation indicated that Cr was higher in F5 and lower in fraction bound to organic matter (F4). It also indicated that Cu was higher in F5 and lower in F4 and that Pb was higher in F1 and lower in F4; Ni higher in F5 and lower in F4. The study has indeed provided data and information on the pollution status of the river.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF HEAVY METAL BIOACCUMULATION CAPACITIES OF THREE MAJOR YAM SPECIES FROM MINING AND NON-MINING AREAS IN EBONYI STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Oko A. O. , Agwu S. C.
Published: March 2023

Possible bioaccumulation of metals by crop plants grown within mining sites is a source of fear to many informed consumers. Three main yam species majorly consumed in Ebonyi State were sourced from within the mining sites (Nwakpu Enyigba Community and Ndufu-Alike) of Ebonyi state, Nigeria and were screened for possible bioaccumulation of some heavy metals including: Lead, Mercury, Cadmium, Chromium, Zinc, Arsenic, Copper and Nickel using standard methods. The result showed that water yam from mining sites accumulated highest amounts of copper, mercury, zinc and cadmium while yellow yam from mining sites compared with the water yam from mining sites only in copper concentration but higher in both arsenic and chromium. The concentration of nickel in all the yams could be said to be negligible. It is worthy of note however that water yam from the non-mining sites had no trace of the various metals except for copper. Yellow yam and egum from mining sites both had a lead concentration of 0.03ppm each, while all the yams from non-mining sites had no lead content. The concentrations of nickel were found to be negligible in all the yam samples studied. Although the yams grown in the mining areas contained various levels of the heavy metals studied, it should be noted that the heavy metals are still within the WHO Maximum Allowable Limit and therefore, consumption of yams from such areas may not actually posse any health risk
RISK ASSESSMENT OF PESTICIDE RESIDUES IN WATER SAMPLES FROM NWANIBA RIVER, AKWA IBOM STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Moses E. A. , Akpan D. J. , Shaibu S. E.
Published: March 2023

Ecological risk assessment of pesticide residues is not only germane but critical in view of their inherent health challenges and for informed decision-making process. This study was conducted to assess the levels of contamination of organochlorine pesticide residues in water from Nwaniba River in Uruan Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State. The analysis was carried out using Gas Chromatography with electron capture detector (GC-ECD). The obtained results revealed the predominance of Dieldrin in the different samples of water analysed from Ufak Effiong in the Southern District (station I) and Akani Obio in Uruan Central District (station II) of Uruan. Pesticide levels were found to be significantly higher than the World Health Organization /Food and Agricultural Association (WHO/FAO) Maximum Residue Limits (MRL). The concentrations of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) ranged from Below detection limit (BDL) - 2.37 × 10-1 ng/µL for water samples. Carcinogenic risk values for γ-BHC, delta-BHC, Dieldrin, Endosulfan I and Heptachlor epoxide in the water samples were found to be less than 1.0 × 10−5, thus posing no potentially serious cancer risk to consumers. The values of cancer risk obtained were lower (6.448 × 10- 11 and 7.208 × 10-11) than the established maximum limit. Hazard index (HI) values calculated for pesticide consumption through water by children and adults are all above unity, indicating that high toxic risks are associated with them. The HI values for children exposure are significantly lower compared to those of adults of Ufak Effiong and Akani Obio. This study reveals that the physicochemical parameters of water obtained from both stations were below the maximum permitted levels set by World Health Organization (WHO) and Nigerian Standard for Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ). It also provides a baseline data and critical information to encourage effective monitory and management of the ecosystem.
RISK ASSESSMENT, LEVELS, SPECIATION AND SEASONAL VARIATION OF HEAVY METALS (Cd and Cu) IN WATER AND PARTICLE SIZES OF SEDIMENTS FROM HUNKI OX-BOW LAKE, AWE LGA, NASARAWA STATE-NIGERIA
Authors: Augustine U. A. , Sha’Ato R. , Wuana R. A. , Tor-Anyiin T. A.
Published: March 2023

This research aimed at assessment of the levels, speciation, risk assessment indices and seasonal variation of heavy metals (Cd and Cu) in water and sediments from Hunki Ox-bow Lake in Awe L.G.A of Nasarawa State, using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS), during the dry and wet seasons. The mean concentration of Cd in water samples of both dry and wet seasons was higher than that of Cu, but Cu was higher than Cd on the whole (raw) sediment samples. The baseline levels of Cd and Cu in water samples (mg/L) were as follows: Cd (0.354) and Cu (0.014), which revealed that Cd level in water was higher than the WHO Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality. The baseline levels of Cd and Cu in sediment samples (mg/kg) were as follows: Cd (7.149) and Cu (8.363) which showed that Cd and Cu were lower than Interim Sediment Quality Guidelines – High of (Cd: 10 and Cu: 270 mg/kg). However, Cd level from sediment was higher than Interim Sediment Quality Guidelines – Low of 1.5 mg/kg but that of Cu was lower (65 mg/kg). Results of the Tessier five-step sequential extraction procedure indicated that Cd was more in the first four steps of the sequential extraction (non-residual) which accounted for 84.64 - 94.52 % in both seasons. Copper dominated more of the organic matter fraction of the sediments (48.17 – 85.54 %) for both dry and wet seasons. The mean of Bioavailability Index (BI) for wet season was relatively higher than that of dry season. The mean values of Mobility Factor (MF) revealed that Cd had higher values than Cu irrespective of seasons. This indicated that Cd was more mobilizable and bioavailable to this aquatic ecosystem compared to Cu. The geo-accumulation Index (I-geo) values of Cd showed practically unpolluted (sites 1, 2 and 5 of dry season), moderately polluted (sites 3 and 4 of dry season), heavily polluted (sites 1, 2, 4 and 5 of wet season) to very heavily polluted (site 3of wet season). The I-geo values of Cu indicated practically unpolluted. In dry season generally, Contamination Factor (Cf) values for Cd were all moderate in dry season. The Cf values of Cd indicated very high contamination factor for wet season, while that of Cu was low in both seasons. In both seasons, the ecological risk index (Er) of Cd in dry season had low to moderate ecological risk, and high to serious ecological risk in wet season. The Er values of Cu were low. This study revealed that: sediments and water samples of the dry season had lower concentration of Cd and Cu than in wet season; concentrations of Cd and Cu from sediments were more of manmade sources rather than natural sources and most ecological risk indices evaluated revealed that Cd had greater ecological risk.