bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring Assessment Practice in Community Schools in Nepal
Authors: Sigdel Surya , Sherpa Dawa
Published: July 2024

The assessment that reflects the praxis of students’ hands-on learning experiences motivates students to link theoretical learning to real-life situations. The existing assessment is blamed for being poor in assessing such quality. Therefore, this paper makes an in-depth study of existing practices of assessment systems and explores student-friendly, evidence-based, and goal-oriented assessment practices that lead students from the area of their interest to the designed goals. Following narrative inquiry as a research design, information was collected, coded, schematized, and generated meaning from the participants’ meaning making of the assessment system in the schools. The study found that the students have a sort of fear and detestation of the existing high stakes testing. Similarly, the practical examination has lacked trustworthiness, validity, and consistency. Although students have experienced some assessment tools as friendly, engaged, and goal oriented, they have weak decisive roles in grading. Classroom activities should be learner-engaged, performance-based, and hands-on experience-oriented. Their participation and performance in classroom activities can lead them to transcend the designed objectives. The grading scheme should be made so transparent and precise that the students by themselves can identify where their learning level is. The paper-pencil test as an assessment tool should reflect how the learning contents, classroom activities, and overall, the programs are. The study concludes that classroom activities should be designed in such a way that students’ participation in the activities can lead them to achieve the designed goals.
Cultural Taboos in Kusunda and Raute People of Nepal
Authors: Gyanwali Gokarna Prasad
Published: July 2024

The term taboo refers to the cultural prohibition practices by certain ethnic communities or societies. Its meaning is contextually different according to time, space, and ethnicity. It is the forbidden activities or behaviors and sometimes not accepted by the communities. The various taboos are grounded in traditional norms, values, ethics, or morality and are based on the religious beliefs of that specific community. Most of the ethnic communities of Nepal have specific totems and taboos that act as symbolic identities. This article is based on the cultural taboos of the two endangered ethnic communities of Nepal: Kusunda and Raute. They have some common and specific cultural taboos like the belief in the king of the forest, should not drink milk and should not eat or drink anything put in a milk pot, have the belief in the descendants of the Royal family, etc. This article explains the cultural taboos practiced by Nepal’s Kusunda, & Raute people. This article is based on the fieldwork study carried out on the different parts of Nepal where these people have traditionally inhabited.
Who They Are, Where They Are, What They Are for and Why
Authors: Rutkevich Nalatia A. ,   Journalist
Published: July 2024

The real battle to be waged is not between Russia and the West, but for the preservation of multifaceted European civilization as such (and all civilizations of the world) and against the de-civilizing of neoliberal globalism.
Imaginary Benefits of War. In Lieu of an Introduction
Authors: Malinovsky Vassily F. ,   Russian diplomat and publicist writer, Director of the Tsarskoselsky Imperial Lyceum
Published: July 2024

This text is an excerpt from a treatise titled “Discourse on War and Peace,” published in 1803.
Beginning of the Journey
Authors: Krylov Sergei. B. ,   Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary (ret), Deputy Foreign Minister (1993– 1996),   Professor, Department of Diplomacy, MGIMO University, Moscow, Russia
Published: July 2024

Speaking of the opportunities missed in the 1990s, the main one was the absence of even an attempt to formally finalize the results of the just-concluded confrontation, known as the Cold War, and sign an agreement formalizing the new balance of power in Europe.
Strategic Deterrence: New Contours
Authors: Trenin Dmitry V. ,   Research Professor, Academic Supervisor, Institute of World Military Economy and Strategy, National Research University–Higher School of Economics,   Leading Research Fellow, Institute of World Economy and International Relations (IMEMO), Moscow, Russia
Published: July 2024

The Western model of creeping conflict escalation in Ukraine should be opposed by a well-thought-out escalation strategy based on a certain sequence of actions―the “escalation ladder.”
An update on the status of direct testing for Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum for the laboratory diagnosis of syphilis in Canada
Authors: Alexander David C , Morshed Muhammad , Stein Derek , Bullard Jared , MacKenzie Keith , Tsang Raymond SW
Published: July 2024

Background:

In Canada, the recent resurgence of infectious syphilis and rising rates of congenital syphilis have renewed interest in direct detection methods for the laboratory diagnosis of syphilis. The Canadian Public Health Laboratory Network (CPHLN) has previously published a series of guidelines for the diagnosis of syphilis in Canada, including the use of direct tests. In the decade since those guidelines were published, laboratory practice has changed.

Methods:

This systematized review combined a literature search (MEDLINE) of methods for direct detection of Treponema pallidum with an informal survey of current testing practices in Canadian public health laboratories.

Results:

Direct testing methods have favourable performance characteristics for detection of early syphilis and congenital cases. Although no government licensed commercial nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) for syphilis is available in Canada, laboratory-developed tests have been implemented in multiple Canadian jurisdictions. Clinical specimens with the highest yield of positive NAAT results for syphilis include genital ulcers, skin lesions, and oral swabs from primary and secondary syphilis patients. For investigation of congenital syphilis, nasopharyngeal, placenta, umbilical cord, blood, and skin lesions are specimens of choice for direct detection of T. pallidum by NAAT.

Conclusions:

This update on the status of direct testing highlights the importance of NAAT for the detection of T. pallidum, the reduced role of microscopy-based methods, and the emergence of DNA and genome sequencing as tools for phylogenetic analysis and molecular epidemiology.
Las aportaciones de las científicas al discurso médico sobre el cuerpo, la sexualidad y la salud de las mujeres
Authors: Iglesias Aparicio Pilar
Published: July 2024

: La construcción social patriarcal androcéntrica de género influye en el discurso científico-médico y el abordaje de la salud, viniendo a reforzar el statuo quo establecido. A lo largo del siglo XIX y primeras décadas del XX, las mujeres son definidas como seres débiles, enfermizos, cuya estabilidad física y psíquica está dominada por sus órganos sexuales y cuyo único destino es la reproducción. Posteriormente, la construcción social de género continúa influyendo negativamente en el abordaje de la salud, en los ámbitos de investigación, diagnóstico y tratamiento. Ahora bien, diferentes pioneras aportaron argumentos científicos para cuestionar los presupuestos de la debilidad femenina y, asimismo, médicas e investigadoras vienen realizando en las últimas décadas un profundo análisis crítico de los sesgos de género que siguen apareciendo en el tratamiento de la salud. Este trabajo se basa en el análisis de amplia bibliografía de autoras y autores del siglo XIX y primeras décadas del XX; estudios críticos publicados a partir de los años sesenta/setenta y obras recientes sobre sesgos de género y salud de las mujeres. Se visibilizan los sesgos de misoginia, racismo y clasismo presentes en el discurso científico-médico del XIX/XX; las aportaciones de pioneras de la ciencia y la medicina para deconstruirlos y se analiza cómo dichos sesgos siguen permeando la investigación, diagnosis y tratamiento en la actualidad. Se concluye que es imprescindible tener en cuenta la influencia de la construcción socio-cultural de género y aplicar la perspectiva feminista para visibilizar y erradicar dichos sesgos en el cuidado de la salud.
El papel de la Educación Superior en la naturalización del racismo: perspectivas y luchas por la inclusión de mujeres racializadas en la Universidad de Buenos Aires
Authors: Barbero Priscila Ailén
Published: July 2024

El artículo aborda, a través de un estudio de caso, la exclusión étnico-cultural racial y de género que reciben las mujeres racializadas en la Universidad de Buenos Aires. A través de técnicas de reconstrucción biográfica, en el marco de la investigación cualitativa, se revela cómo la Academia reproduce el racismo y el pensamiento colonial, evidenciando una escasa representación de mujeres racializadas en los espacios de toma de decisiones en la Educación Superior Argentina. La falta de inclusión de saberes no-blancos en la enseñanza universitaria emerge como un desafío significativo. Estos hallazgos subrayan la urgencia de adoptar enfoques antirracistas, decoloniales y antipatriarcales en la Educación Superior, así como también, de implementar medidas para garantizar un acceso equitativo a la educación y a posiciones de poder. Desde una perspectiva teórica, el estudio amplía la comprensión de las dinámicas de exclusión en la Academia y sus repercusiones en la construcción de identidades y en el ejercicio de derechos. Se sugiere explorar estas temáticas en investigaciones futuras, profundizando en las relaciones de poder en la universidad y en las estrategias para promover una educación inclusiva y equitativa. Asimismo, el estudio proporciona una visión crítica y reflexiva de la exclusión en la Educación Superior, enfatizando la necesidad de adoptar enfoques interseccionales y decoloniales para transformar las estructuras y prácticas racistas.
¡Conjuntos de vivienda social que cuiden! Repercusiones de las políticas públicas de vivienda social en la vida de las mujeres: el caso de Ciudad Satélite, San Luis Potosí, México
Authors: López Mares Lourdes Marcela , Ortiz Brizuela Miguel Adolfo , Molina Ayala María Elena
Published: July 2024

Ciudad Satélite es un desarrollo masivo de vivienda social construido en la década del 2000 en México como parte de la política federal de fomento a la vivienda para la clase trabajadora. Esta política, sin embargo, se implementó en un contexto neoliberal en el que el estado facilitador cedió gran parte de sus responsabilidades al sector privado. Como resultado, los desarrolladores inmobiliarios produjeron una Ciudad con lógicas mercantiles que buscan maximizar la producción y disminuir costos y bajo esquemas de planeación urbana patriarcales que segregan usos de suelo y dejan de lado las necesidades de grupos en desventaja como las mujeres. Mediante entrevistas con 16 mujeres que viven en Ciudad Satélite, observación no participante e investigación documental, el trabajo analiza las repercusiones de la política pública de vivienda social en la vida de estas cuidadoras. Los hallazgos revelan diversas capas de desventaja que, añadidas a su condición de mujeres discriminadas e invisibilizadas, enfrentan en un contexto segregado, con poco equipamiento y oportunidades locales de trabajo, movilidad reducida, inseguridad y limitada participación comunitaria. Estas condiciones refuerzan las desigualdades de género y agudizan su situación de pobreza, es por ello que las políticas públicas deben diseñarse con perspectiva de género y bajo los principios del urbanismo feminista para que las mujeres puedan gozar y producir ciudad en igualdad.
An Analysis of the Development of Cognitive Control In Young Children Within An Auditory And Visual Modality
Authors:   , Schiro Lauren
Published: July 2024

The Dual Mechanisms of Cognitive Control Framework (DMC) posits that cognitive control is directed through two different modes: proactive and reactive control. Proactive control involves the maintenance and manipulation of information in preparation of a response while reactive control would involve little to no preparation until after a response prompt. The AX-Continuous Performance Task (AX-CPT) is a cognitive control task that is often utilized in studies looking at proactive and reactive control as it measures context processing and goal maintenance. The aims of this study were to validate the auditory version of the AX-CPT and to then apply this task to young children to understand the role modality of stimulus presentation may play in the emergence of proactive control. The current study tested pupillometric and behavioral performance in a visual AX-CPT task as well as a novel auditory AX-CPT, in which animal sounds replaced letter stimuli as the cues and probes. Proactive and reactive control for the auditory AX-CPT were measured by pupillometry for both adults (Experiment 1a) and children (Experiment 1b). PBI (proactive behavioral index) scores for accuracy and reaction time in children (Experiment 1c) were calculated for both the visual and auditory AX-CPT. Though presented in a different modality, the data suggested that the auditory AX-CPT and the visual AX-CPT both effectively measured goal maintenance in relation to proactive and reactive control. A more thorough understanding of how children develop proactive control can lead to the implementation of educational strategies within the classroom and help propel young children’s learning.
Environmental Determinants of Oral Cancer Development: An Overview
Authors: Maddahi Moein , Ghanbarikondori Parizad , Amiri Faezeh , Abdi Newsha , Jahromi Amir Moein , Sadeghi Pour Niki , Allahyartorkaman Mohammadreza , Moazzam Farimah
Published: July 2024

Overview: This review article delves into the influence of environmental factors on the onset of oral cancer. It examines the crucial part played by air pollution, occupational exposure and sun exposure in the initiation of oral cancer.
Methods: For this extensive literature survey, we examined relevant publications centered on environmental causes of oral cancer, taking into account case-control research and environmental exposure appraisals. Our selection consisted of works chosen for alignment with our topic areas, robust methodologies, and recent publishing timelines.
Results: Our investigation revealed that air pollution, occupational exposure and sun exposure are significant factors contributing to the development of oral cancer. When present together, they pose an even greater risk. In other words, the combination of these three environmental elements significantly increases the likelihood of oral cancer occurrence. It is crucial to take measures to reduce exposure to occupational exposure, air pollution and UV rays from the sun to mitigate this risk.
Conclusion: The emergence of oral cancer arises from an intricate relationship encompassing hereditary and ecological variables. Efforts devoted to prevention ought to prioritize diminishing direct exposure to established threats, refining general wellbeing guidelines, and informing individuals prone to elevated risk circumstances. Expanded exploration stays imperative for illuminating contributions made by obscured ecological facets, notably pollution, plus devising groundbreaking precautionary tactics.
Efficacy and Satisfaction among HER2 Positive Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Subcutaneous Injection of PHESGO along with Chemotherapy: A Case Series
Authors: Nag Shona , Mane Anupama , Dhobale Madhuri , Varghese Kavitha , Patra Abhilash , Pant Hira B , Agiwal Varun , A Y Nirupama , Murthy G V S
Published: July 2024

Background: The prevalence of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 positive (HER2+) breast cancer (BC) in India ranged from 11% to 17%. A combination of intravenous (IV) pertuzumab, trastuzumab and docetaxel in HER2+ BC reported a significant increase in the overall survival rate. However, the time taken for infusion of these drugs is lengthy. PHESGO, a combination of these two drugs along with hyaluronidase is provided subcutaneously and the time taken is 5-8 minutes. Despite patient preference for PHESGO, its efficacy and satisfaction levels in the Indian context remain unexplored. This case series investigates the efficacy of PHESGO with chemotherapy and assesses the level of satisfaction reported by HER2+ BC patients.
Methods: HER2+ BC patients were identified retrospectively from January 2022 to November 2023. Interviews during follow-ups assessed patient satisfaction. Efficacy was evaluated based on Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scans for metastatic/adjuvant settings and pathological complete response (pCR) rate for neoadjuvant cases.
Results: In total 27 HER2+ BC patients received PHESGO treatment with a median age of 54.5 years. Patients who received PHESGO with chemotherapy in neoadjuvant and metastatic settings were 44.4% and 51.9% respectively. The median cycle of PHESGO with chemotherapy was 5. Neoadjuvant patients showed an 83.3% pCR rate, while 85.7% of metastatic patients reported partial response after three cycles. Among 25 patients, 92% were satisfied with subcutaneous administration of PHESGO.
Conclusion: The findings support the potential of PHESGO as an effective and convenient treatment option for HER2+ BC patients. However, further research, including larger prospective studies and long-term follow-ups, is warranted to comprehensively evaluate the safety profile, quality of life, and comparative effectiveness of PHESGO versus intravenous administration.
CRISPR-Cas9: An Evolutionary Technique for the Treatment of Breast and Cervical Carcinoma
Authors: Shah Syed SIb Tul Hassan
Published: July 2024

CRISPR/Cas9 has transformed genome editing methods in several scientific domains, including the study of human cancer. Globally, breast cancer (BC) affects women more than any other kind of cancer and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has the greatest fatality rate. The diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer have come a long way, yet many patients still experience metastases or relapses. One of the potential techniques for correcting faulty genes and curing different cancers is gene therapy. Certain mutations associated with cancer onset and development might be repaired in model organisms as a first step toward translational applications using the CRISPR/Cas9 technology. The CRISPR/Cas9 system, which consists of a single readily modified guide RNA (sgRNA) sequence coupled to a Cas9 nuclease, has transformed genome editing owing to its simplicity and effectiveness when compared to previous methods. CRISPR/Cas9 allows for the knockdown of over-expressed genes, the reversal of mutations in defected genes, and the remodeling of the regulatory environment to inhibit BC proliferation. CRISPR/Cas9-based treatment mixed with traditional chemotherapy has proven to be beneficial in combating drug resistance and tumor inhibition difficulties. The CRISPR cas9 system may edit many genes at the same time by generating numerous sgRNAs that target different genomic regions, considerably increasing its therapeutic potential and making it a unique technique for treating cervical lesions. This review focuses on the therapeutic applications of CRISPR/Cas9 in the treatment of cervical cancer and breast cancer.
Radon Exposure and Risk of Leukemia: A Protocol of Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Soleimani Yaser , Daraei Mahdi , Sadeghi Parniyan , Hajizadehanari Neda , Darvishinia Ali , Yasini Rozhina , Sabeti Setareh , Nazari Amirhosein , Mosavi Jarrahi Alireza
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Radon is a naturally occurring radioactive gas that is considered a risk factor for many health problems, including leukemia. Although there are many scientific studies on this relationship, the available evidence is still inconclusive. This review and meta-analysis aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the existing literature to provide a more in-depth understanding of the relationship between radon exposure and leukemia risk.
Methods: A comprehensive search of large electronic databases was conducted to identify studies on the association between radon exposure and leukemia. Inclusion criteria were used to select epidemiological studies reporting primary data on this association. Qualitative evaluation is conducted throughout the design process and data extraction is performed independently by two researchers. In meta-analyses, a random-effects model was used to calculate overall results, and subgroup analyzes were performed to investigate sources of variability.
Results: The systematic review identified several studies that met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analyses show overall effect sizes and confidence intervals that indicate the nature of the relationship between radon and leukemia. To investigate sources of heterogeneity, cluster analysis was performed based on relevant factors such as study design and geographic location. A sensitivity analysis was performed to assess the robustness of the findings and assess potential reporting bias.
Conclusion: The systematic review identified several studies that met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analyses showing overall effect sizes and confidence intervals illustrate the nature of the relationship between radon and leukemia. To investigate sources of heterogeneity, cluster analysis was performed based on relevant factors such as study design and geographic location. A sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of the study results and assess the potential for publication bias.
Ontological approach in the using security system IP telephony
Authors: Romatets I.Eu.
Published: July 2024

In today's information world, the use of VoIP has become an attractive option for user communication. With the downward trend in paying for basic broadband services and the rapid increase in internet speeds, the use of VoIP should only continue to grow in popularity. However, as the use of VoIP increases, so do the potential threats to ordinary users. This article examines the peculiarities of organizing corporate VoIP telephony systems, highlights the main problems in information protection systems in VoIP telephony, and outlines ways to solve them. The development of methods for speech analysis and corresponding processing of natural language, which allows for creating more accurate and effective systems for detecting anomalous traffic and potentially dangerous communications, is especially relevant. With the continuous development of artificial intelligence technologies, the direction of using intelligent means for content analysis in the VoIP system is becoming interesting. A method for detecting anomalies in IP-telephony traffic, based on grouping VoIP messages through context-frequency analysis, is proposed. Additionally, a method for automated filling of the ontology of thematic messages in corporate IP-telephony systems is proposed, based on the formalized presentation of messages using tree-like structures and the description of interaction operations through tuple algebra. Furthermore, a software implementation for converting voice messages into text representations using the SpeechRecognition library for voice-to-text conversion in the Python programming language was created. Experimental studies of the proposed approaches were conducted, and a software subsystem for detecting anomalous messages based on the ontological approach was implemented in the current corporate IP-telephony system.
REMOVAL OF IBUPROFEN FROM WATER USING MAGNETIC Fe3O4-Ag2O/CELLULOSE AS AN ADSORBENT
Authors: Anugrah Zulfa Mina , Munsifah Yuni , Anjasmoro Luluk , Allwar Allwar
Published: July 2024

Ibuprofen is widely used to reduce minor aches and fevers from a various condition such as the common flu. The increase in the waste of ibuprofen may cause contamination and raise a serious problem in the water effluence. It is needed to reduce the waste of ibuprofen by the adsorption process. Both cellulose from empty fruit bunch and modified bimetal oxides Fe3O4-Ag2O were synthesized and characterized as magnetic Fe3O4-Ag2O/cellulose adsorbent. The BET surface area was 177.7 m2 /g with a predominantly mesoporous structure. SEM EDX spectra proved an unsmooth adsorbent with irregular-sized particles. FTIR spectra at 552-693 nm are assigned to Fe-O and Ag-O stretching vibration. XRD pattern analysis shows the crystallized size is 34.16 nm. The highest removal efficiency of ibuprofen was obtained at acidic conditions (pH = 2), a concentration of 200 ppm, and a contact time of 120 min. The equilibrium adsorption data proved that the Freundlich isotherm is more favorable than the Langmuir isotherm model. The kinetic model showed that the pseudo-first-order is a more suitable model than the second-pseudo-order. The result of the experimental data proved that the Fe3O4-Ag2O/cellulose will be a potential adsorbent for ibuprofen removal.
Риторический аспект проповедей протоиерея Иоанна Восторгова в предреволюционный период русской истории (1906–1917 гг.)
Authors: Семёнов И.С.
Published: July 2024

Протоиерей Иоанн Восторгов был одним из передовых деятелей церковного просвещения начала нового столетия. Он являлся одним из самых ярких проповедников своего времени, а также церковным писателем, миссионером и преподавателем. Проповеди отца Иоанна группируются по основным тематическим блокам: патриотическому, антиреволюционному и проблемам новой исторической эпохи России. Эти тексты являют собой выдающийся пример проповеднического слова, актуального и на сей день, как с точки зрения риторики, так и гомилетики. В статье будут последовательно рассмотрены риторические особенности проповедей протоиерея Иоанна Восторгова: отражение политической и социальной ситуации того времени, анализ влияния личности самого проповедника, ключевые аспекты индивидуального стиля риторических произведений священномученика. Также будут затронут вопрос о языковых средствах, особенностях построения речи и аргументации, используемых протоиереем в проповедях протоиерея Иоанна Восторгова.
Очерк Д. Н. Мамина-Сибиряка «Последние огоньки»: духовно-религиозный аспект авторской футурологии
Authors: Зырянов О.В.
Published: July 2024

В статье рассматривается очерк Д. Н. Мамина-Сибиряка «Последние огоньки» (1897) как индивидуально-авторский опыт научной футурологии, содержащий духовно-религиозное обоснование причин заката европейской цивилизации. Очерк анализируется в контексте цикла писателя «Святочные рассказы», а также в интертекстуальных перекличках с антиутопиями В. Ф. Одоевского и картинами снов о «золотом веке» в произведениях Ф. М. Достоевского.
Роль библейского образа-символа в повести М. М. Пришвина «Мирская чаша» и в рассказе И. А. Бунина «Чаша жизни»
Authors: Ковыршина О.А.
Published: July 2024

В статье анализируется традиционный библейский образ Чаши. Смысловой потенциал образа привлекает внимание двух больших художников слова — И. А. Бунина и М. М. Пришвина. Писателей объединяет тяготение к философскому осмыслению бытия, чем объясняется их обращение к символу Чаши с целью проницать и интерпретировать действительность, что позволяет выйти на новый уровень обобщений. В повести «Мирская чаша» М. М. Пришвина и рассказе «Чаша жизни» И. А. Бунина с позиций вечных истин христианства рассматриваются проблемы человеческого бытия, смерти и воскресения, конфликта плотского и духовного, временного и вечного.
Репрезентация религиозного дискурса в поэзии И. А. Бродского (словообразовательной аспект)
Authors: Дмитриева Т.В.
Published: July 2024

В статье рассматриваются возможности регулярного словообразования в плане репрезентации религиозного дискурса в поэтических текстах И. А. Бродского. Цель работы — выявить частотные словообразовательные модели и форманты в стихотворениях религиозной тематики и их значение при передаче образов. В процессе исследования проанализированы регулярные словообразовательные модели и значения, значимые для передачи религиозных мотивов; выявлены окказиональные лексемы и их связь с религиозным дискурсом автора; обозначены особенности регулярного словообразования как инструмента создания поэтического образа в стихотворениях религиозной тематики. В результате установлены закономерные модели и категориальные значения, репрезентирующие особенности религиозного дискурса И. А. Бродского и их влияние на поэтическую образность. Ядро словообразовательной системы составляют продуктивные модели, способствующие передаче канонических библейских мотивов.
Служба святому царевичу Димитрию Угличскому как пример историографической концепции в гимнографии
Authors: Томачинский С.а.
Published: July 2024

Обстоятельства смерти в Угличе царевича Димитрия, сына Ивана Грозного, остаются предметом научной дискуссии до настоящего времени. Богослужебное последование святому Димитрию было составлено предположительно князем Симеоном Шаховским и иноком Савватием (Тейшей) в начале XVII века. В нем последовательно проводится мысль об убиении царевича по указанию Бориса Годунова, который впоследствии воссел на царском престоле. Этот факт снова ставит вопрос о взаимовлиянии историографии и гимнографии. В докладе раскрываются обстоятельства создания службы, версии о ее авторстве и поэтико-лингвистические особенности.
Ф. М. Достоевский о природе героизма (на материале «Дневника писателя»)
Authors: Щепалина Е.А.
Published: July 2024

В данной статье показано, что Ф. М. Достоевский рассматривает героизм, прежде всего, как христианский феномен, отличный от гордого бравирования ради собственной славы. В статье «Фома Данилов, замученный русский герой» писатель убедительно свидетельствует: «тихий героизм», зачастую заканчивающийся мученичеством — подлинный образ народной России, её эмблема. Такое состояние протоиерей Сергий Булгаков называет «подвижничеством», противоположным умствующему интеллигентскому героизму, приводящему к расшатыванию духовной системы ценностей. В работе делается вывод о том, что героизм, по мнению Ф. М. Достоевского, народен, прост и тих, но вместе тем могуч в своем неподдельном смирении и бескорыстии. Современная культура тоже ищет своих героев, громких пиар-ходов, однако, если следовать логике писателя, подобный подход далек от истинной природы героизма.
Объем и содержание понятий «святотатство», «богохульство», «кощунство» в русском языке
Authors: Ильина Л.Е.
Published: July 2024

Статья посвящена выявлению объема и содержания понятий святотатство, богохульство, кощунство. Данные понятия активно используются в средствах массовой информации при комментировании событий, имеющих отношение к религии. Автором отобраны примеры из Интернет-источников, описывающие события, произошедшие зимой 1955–1956 гг. в Самаре, и примеры толкования современной легенды «Зоино стояние», к которой не ослабевает интерес ученых и обывателей. Автором составлена схема, наглядно демонстрирующая, что объемы понятий богохульство, кощунство в современном русском языке полностью вмещаются в объем понятия святотатство в его духовном понимании. На основе лексикографического анализа автор делает вывод об изменении понимания святотатства, богохульства, кощунства как преступлений против веры в сторону понимания их как преступлений против общечеловеческих ценностей; отсутствие прямого указания на латинское и/или греческое слово в словарных статьях, посвященных слову кощунство, сопоставление общеизвестных документов на языке оригинала и их переводов на европейские языки позволяют утверждать, что понятие кощунство является исконно русским.
Прототип теологической модели понимания светских текстов
Authors: Артёмов Н.С. , Загуменнов А.В.
Published: July 2024

В статье с опорой на концепцию филологической герменевтики Г. И. Богина нами осуществляется попытка наметить возможный прототип теологической модели понимания светских текстов. Авторами с помощью исторического экскурса усматриваются средства и предпосылки для модификации формы и содержания уже известных теоретических разработок. Нами учитывались идеи и европейских (Августин, Г. Аст, Ф. Шлейермахер), и русских (Г. Г. Шпет) специалистов в области герменевтики. Предлагаемый прототип модели включает четыре уровня, которые, гипотетически, выступают своеобразным маршрутом с движением по ключевым единицам в следующем порядке: значение слов — оформленные значением понятия — опирающиеся на понятия смыслы — религиозные метасмыслы. Особое внимание в работе уделяется последнему — четвертому — этапу, требующему установки исследователя на теологическую интерпретацию светских текстов. Также подробно освещены ключевые проблемы теоретико-методологического и научно-дисциплинарного характера.
Уфимское купечество во второй половине XIX века
Authors: Rodnov Mikhail ,   Ордена Знак Почета Институт истории, языка и литературы – обособленное структурное подразделение Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения Уфимского федерального исследовательского центра Российской академии наук
Published: July 2024

В монографии показана история уфимского купечества, предпринимательского сообщества вообще в пореформенный пе¬риод. Уфимский бизнес разбит на мелких, средних и крупных предпринимателей и купцов (торговцев, ремесленников- кустарей, промышленников). Приводится большое количество персональных сведений по уфимскому бизнес-сообществу, пока¬зана роль иногородних предпринимателей. Книга предназначена для профессиональных историков, краеведов, экономистов, преподавателей гуманитарных дисцип¬лин, студентов, всех интересующихся историей Уфы, России, Башкирии, Южного Урала и сопредельных территорий.
Tratamiento laparoscópico de hernia crural estrangulada
Authors: Navarro Nicolás , Pianalto Virginia , Almada Mario , Zeballos Justino
Published: July 2024

La patología herniaria es una de las más frecuentes en la práctica quirúrgica. La hernia crural es más frecuente en el sexo femenino y una de las que presenta más índice de estrangulación dado el anillo herniario estrecho. En la actualidad la vía laparoscópica es una opción para la resolución en urgencias.
THE ROLE OF DIALECTS IN EFL STUDENTS’ PRONUNCIATION AT UNIVERSITY
Authors: Siti Anisa Femi Amalia  , Evi Rosmiyati  , Amiruddin
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study is to examine how dialect affects how English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students at Pgri University of Palembang pronounce the language. In the fourth semester of the 2023–2024 academic year, a total of 16 students from Palembang, Musi Banyuasin, Ogan Ilir, and Pagaralam participated in the study. The investigators utilized interviews and questionnaires as well as descriptive qualitative research approaches to obtain data. Twelve students agreed, according to the questionnaire results, that their dialect influences how they pronounce English words. Furthermore, the findings of the interviews revealed that the students hailing from Pagaralam, Ogan Ilir, and Musi Banyuasin believed their dialect contributed to a distinct pronunciation. In summary, dialect plays a part in how university students who are learning English as a foreign language pronounce the language.
Elemental Composition and Structural Features of Humic Acids from Floodplain Soils of the Selenga River Delta
Authors: Milkheev E. Y. , Baldanov N. D.
Published: July 2024

The study of the elemental composition and structure of humic acids of floodplain soils of the delta of the Selenga River (Western Transbaikalia) was carried out. The research area belongs to the delta meadowmarsh and foreststeppe region, which is an area where deposits of sandy and silty fractions are actively carried out from the entire basin. Here, soils and vegetation are natural biofilters. Depending on the bioclimatic conditions, groundwater regimes, and sediment composition, soils are formed that differ in the composition of humus and humic acids (HA). The objects of research were alluvial (meadow, meadowmarsh, meadow saline) soils of the Selenga delta, according to the classification WRB – Fluvisols. The analysis of 13C-NMR spectra of HA preparations of the studied floodplain soils made it possible to identify ranges of chemical shifts belonging to carbon atoms of various functional groups and molecular fragments. NMR spectroscopy data showed that humic acids of alluvial meadow soil are more enriched in aromatic fragments than humic acids of meadowmarsh and meadow saline soils. A slightly higher degree of aromaticity in alluvial meadow and meadowmarsh soil is associated with environmental conditions and the component composition of the precursors of humification. An increase in the proportion of aliphatic structures and a decrease in the proportion of aromatic fragments in the composition of preparations of meadow salt marsh soil make it possible to judge the simplification of the structure of humic acid. Soil moisture in combination with salinization significantly reduces the rate of transformation of soil organic matter and leads to an increase in the proportion of non-oxidized aliphatic fragments. The use of NMR spectroscopy in the study of soils has significantly expanded the understanding of its composition and structure, deepened the understanding of the mechanisms of humification and transformation of soils of various genesis.
Elemental Composition of the Leaves of the Hanging Birch (Betula pendula Roth) in the Area of the Transbaikalia Gold Deposit
Authors: Makarov V. P. , Filenko R. A. , Mikheev I. E. , Zhelibo T. V. , Banshchikovaa E. A.
Published: July 2024

The influence of gold mining on the concentration of chemical elements in Betula pendula Roth leaves was studied. The intensity of absorption by the plant of a number of chemical elements, the possibility of using birch as a medicinal and forage plant, as well as for monitoring habitat changes were investigated. The study was conducted in plant communities located at production facilities and natural habitats in the area of the Baley gold deposit: tailings dumps of gold recovery factories (ZIF-1 and ZIF-2), a drainage landfill, a dump of the SredneGolgotai gold deposit, a tailings dump after processing monocytes, as well as in natural plant communities located in the vicinity of Baley at 13 trial sites in 2008, 2008 and 2021. The concentrations of elements in the leaves were arranged in descending order in the following sequence: Ca Mg P Mn Fe Zn Na Ba B Cr Ni As Cu Mo Sb Pb Co Li V Cd Bi Se Be. With respect to the clark of terrestrial plants, the concentrations of the elements were in the following order: Cr As Sb Li Ni Ba Fe Mo Bi Co Zn Mg Clark Mn P Ca Cu B Pb Se Cd V Be Na. The absorption of As at production facilities exceeded the norm established for medicinal plant raw materials. The use of branch feed in a number of areas is not allowed due to the high level of Zn, Fe, Sb, Ni, Cr, Co, As, Cd. A relatively high coefficient of biological absorption by birch leaves Zn, Mn, P, Ca, Mg was obtained.
Ways to improve economic mechanisms for the development of the service sector (based on the example of Uzbekistan)
Authors: Mardonov Baxodir
Published: July 2024

The article widely covers the importance of the economic mechanism in the formation of modern society. Ways to improve the economic mechanisms for the development of the service sector are also indicated, elements are developed, and the author proposes an economic mechanism for the accelerated development of the service sector. The problems of placing the main and auxiliary elements around the central rod of the economic mechanism were also studied.
Evolution, death, man
Authors: Rybin Vladimir A.
Published: July 2024

The inevitability of humanity’s transition to a new qualitative state is becoming the dominant feature of public consciousness these days. Crisis fears are artificially fueled to a large extent, but there are good reasons for them. One of them is the decrease in the biological stability of the current human species, in particular the depopulation of the population of the most developed regions of the modern globalized world. Similar phenomena in the evolution of wildlife have always pointed, on the one hand, to the lagging of endangered species from the pace of environmental changes, on the other hand, to the formation of new species more adapted to these changes. In modern culture, some prerequisites for such shifts have already developed. The progress of information and digital technologies at the turn of the XX–XXI centuries extremely accelerated the renewal of the artificial environment of human existence, as a result of which, in terms of its rate of change, it surpassed such basic biological parameters of human life as the life span of an individual and the period of generational renewal. Thus, humanity has reached the “point of biological singularity”. Objectively, a speciation situation is being created, that is, the prospect of biological transformation of the human species. Proponents of transhumanism propose to accelerate this process using the achievements of science. An alternative option comes from understanding the phenomenon of life as an evolutionarily progressive combination of creative and destructive changes, where death is a condition for optimizing some stages of the life process. At the stage of biological evolution, death remains a spontaneously acting and fatally uncontrollable factor, but at the stage of cultural evolution it becomes possible to convert its destructive potential into a means of regulated influence on metabolic processes in the human body in order to infinitely expand the temporal boundaries of the existence of the individual and the entire human race.
Critical Evaluation of English-Kurdish Dictionaries according to Bogaards' Views
Authors: Sedeeq Sherzad Saeed ,   Kurdish Department, Faculty of Education, Soran University, Ahmed Shina Abubakir ,   Kurdish Department, Faculty of Arts, Soran University
Published: July 2024

Dictionary evaluation is one of the scientific principles of improving dictionaries. The main purpose of dictionary evaluation is to convey information to the user and identify the strengths and weaknesses of dictionaries for consideration in subsequent editions. This study evaluates the format of some general English-Kurdish bilingual dictionaries (online, offline and print) according to the principles of the theory of dictionary criticism. This paper explains some of the characteristics of dictionary criticism, the criteria of dictionary criticism, the patterns form of Bogaards' criticism and the criteria that have become the basis for evaluating dictionary (criteria: findibility, comprehensibility and usability). The data in this research is collected by questionnaires which survey methodology is implemented by returning to different users of bilingual dictionaries and presenting questionnaires to them. To achieve this, a number of users were distributed questionnaires, after answering the the questionnaire, the responces were analysed using SPSS 2022. The research population consists of speakers of Central Kurdish in Erbil, Sulaimani and Halabja provinces. The study reached several conclusions, the most important of which are that most users do not have a high level of satisfaction with the dictionaries they had used, and they recorded a low arithmetic mean according to the criteria of Bogaards' Criticism.
Adjective Valency in Kurdish Language
Authors: Rasool Shadan Haqi ,   Kurdish Department, Faculty of Arts, Soran University, kanabi Dler Sadiq ,   Kurdish Department, Faculty of Arts, Soran University
Published: July 2024

Valency is the ability of lexical categories to include complements in sentences. Although this ability is expressed in sentences, lexical categories also have this ability in the dictionary. In other words, one records the loading of lexical categories in one's mind. The lexical categories that load are verbs, nouns, pronouns, and adverbs. These categories differ in terms of the type and number of supplements. In this study, work is done on the loading of pronouns in Kurdish. Pronouns have their own complements, which are different in terms of type and number. The scope of the research is conducted within the framework of Kurdish language (middle dialect). Our research method is descriptive. The content of the study is divided into two main parts besides the introduction and conclusion.
Message communication through pictorial codes and empirical evidence in dual code theory, ''from the perspective of the cognitive linguistics school''
Authors: omer Nwzad anwer ,   Department of Kurdish Language Faculty of education-koya University1, hamadamin Shno aula ,   Department of Kurdish language Faculty of Education- Raparin University
Published: July 2024

One of the modern linguistic school, nowadays widely will use as " cognitive linguistics " It is very applicable school for depend on for collecting update information , for knowing depending on human senses .it contains many complete theories.all theories will work in the same thing as mentioned , like a family members together complete the work, they collaborate the same thing, also they differ in many features , but they like in some features, they contain the same school, in it have many theories they works up one linguistic one of the well known" daul coding theory".This theory will work completely work up one linguistic subjects like education tests .a theory wants to convey a message way two different codes , as oral code and an oral code , oral code consists of writing and conversation but an oral code as picture, the two codes together do the work , the theories can success in scope education and learning, way many factors, away testing theories they have dedicated for education filieds.
Geo-economic analysis for selecting the best site for economic development in the Ruste River watershed (using GIS
Authors: Hussein Omar Hassan ,   Department of Geography, faculty of Arts, Soran University, Hassan Ziba Ali ,   Department of Geography, faculty of Arts, Soran University
Published: July 2024

The ability of natural geography contains the geographical places, the surfaces of earth, climate, water resources, the surface of plants. And the significance of it will be changed according to the places. And it will be changed according to its activities. The Abilities of natural geography affect the irrigation process and the economic activities such as (agriculture, tourism, industry and it helps researchs, that is why it is true. And because of the vital model ( the best place for selecting it in Arc Gis program we prepared a research about it. In this research we indicated the Significant of the abilities of natural geography and its effects of choosing the best place for economical activities (agricultural and tourism) and that is our main purpose in this research. Also by using the analytical methods for data for the purpose of selecting the levels of the rivers, and also this research relayed on the new technical tools, different data, and at the end it reached the best place for developing agriculture is Ruste River, it means that river takes the first best place for developing agriculture and takes the second place for developing industry and takes the third place for tourism.
Temperature characteristics for wheat and barley crops in Erbil province between (2000-2021)
Authors: Hamad Jamal Kamal ,   Department of Geography, faculty of Arts, Soran University, homer luqman wsw ,   Department of Geography, Koya University
Published: July 2024

Successful agricultural conditions in any region require scientific research in the potential of climate. Data from climate stations in the study area were analyzed to determine the appropriate temperature levels for wheat and barley cultivation. In this study, the inductive method and the analytical method were used to interpret the data. In order to determine the appropriate temperature for wheat and barley crops, temperature data were analyzed for the stations (Mirgusor, Soran, Shaqlawa, Salahaddin, Erbil, and Makhmur) for the period (2000-2021). The results of the study proved that the two stations (Erbil, and Makhmour) obtained a (suitable) degree, and stations of (Mirgsur, Soran, Shaqlawa, and Salahaddin) got a (medium suitability) score for both wheat and barley. There are no stations in the range of inappropriate temperatures and poor compatibility in the study area.