bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Regression in Conditions of Play Activity in Children with Autistic Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Turevskaya R.A. , Bannikova I.M.
Published: April 2016

The study of regression in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is of particular importance, since it gets us closer to understanding some of the key mechanisms of ASD and makes it possible to operationalize the «penetrating» nature of this developmental disorder. The research uses the model of play behavior to study regressive episodes, which are associated with digression in the level of regulation by meanings and in deliberate organization of play behavior. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors and conditions that cause regressive behavior in children with ASD. Participants: preschool children (5—7 years old) — 18 children with ASD (4 girls and 14 boys) and 18 controls (5 girls and 13 boys). For the purposes of the research a role-playing game had been developed. The game consisted of four stages, in each stage a specific task was assigned to the child. Based on the results of the study a number of factors were revealed that provoke regressive behaviors and affect their number, among them: adoption of innovations, task switching, exhaustion, sensitivity to emotional stress.
Rite of Passage and Psychotherapy
Authors: Grebenyuk E.G.
Published: April 2016

Anthropological notion of the rite of passage and its stages are viewed. Different psychotherapeutic approaches (psychoanalysis and analytical psychology, trauma, transpersonal and transcultural psychotherapy, dance movement therapy, narrative approach and community work), which address to the structure and symbolic meaning of the rites of passage, are compared. Systematization of client requests and corresponding psychotherapeutic objectives based on the rite of passage as a metaphor of life changes is proposed. Opportunities of using metaphor in modern society are analyzed.
A Study on the Relationship between Delay of Gratification and Emotional Intelligence in Secondary School Students
Authors: Chakraborty Rajib , Prabhakaram Dr. K. S.
Published: April 2016

The present study is an attempt to examine the relationship between delay of gratification in academics and emotional intelligence. Sample for the study includes 50 urban students (30 boys and 20 girls) of class IX of a secondary school in New Nagole, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. The data for measuring delay of gratification is collected using Academic Delay of Gratification Scale (ADOGS) for college students prepared by Hefer Bembenutty (1997). Emotional intelligence is measured by collecting data using the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire – Adolescent Short Form (TEIQue-ASF), prepared by Petrides, K. V. & Furnham, A. (2006) for adolescents. For data analysis, Pearson’s Product-Moment Correlation coefficient is used. The significance of the test is calculated using critical value table for Pearson’s Product-Moment Correlation for the level of significance α at 0.05. The findings of the study reveal positive but weak relationship between delay of gratification in academics and emotional intelligence. No role of gender is found on the examined variables.
Acercamiento a las prácticas de la economía social, la economía solidaria y la economía del bien común, ¿qué nos ofrecen?
Authors: Gómez Calvo Verónica
Published: April 2016

A lo largo de toda la historia se han conocido formas de economía solidaria que amparaban a todos sus miembros a través de la cooperación. El capitalismo, sin embargo, puso en marcha un sistema individualista que pretendía conseguir el Bien Común a través de la persecución de los propios intereses personales. Tras su fracaso para solventar ciertos problemas como la pobreza, la desigualdad, el desempleo y la destrucción medioambiental entre otros, las prácticas de la Economía Solidaria han experimentado un auge inusitado en todo el mundo que trata de dar respuesta a estas cuestiones. Este artículo nos ofrece un acercamiento a las propuestas, prácticas y aportaciones de la Economía Solidaria y la Economía del Bien Común en un entorno de crisis económica, ecológica, política y moral.
El modelo de evaluación participativo contextualizado (MEPAC) aplicado al proyecto “Granada-Empleo”
Authors: Pérez Sánchez Margarita , Trinidad Requena Antonio , Ortega Pérez Nieves
Published: April 2016

Este artículo muestra la evaluación del Proyecto “Granada-Empleo”, subvencionado por el Fondo Social Europeo y coordinado por la Diputación de Granada de 2009-2010.

La evaluación que aquí se expone -realizada de septiembre de 2010 a julio de 2011- ha sido diseñada por un equipo de investigadores del Departamento de Ciencia Política y de la Administración y de Sociología de la Universidad de Granada. Este trabajo aporta un ejemplo aplicado del “Modelo de Evaluación Participativo Contextualizado” (MEPAC), diseñado ad hoc por el equipo externo.

La evaluación sumativa del proyecto se expone siguiendo los objetivos principales que persigue y las medidas que lo desarrolla, revelando claves en el desarrollo futuro de pactos territoriales por el empleo y actividades dirigidas a la mejora de empleo de los colectivos demandantes de trabajo.
Mitopoiesis de la “Gripe Nueva”. Acontecimiento, mito y política en la prensa española
Authors: De la Calle Valverde Jaime
Published: April 2016

El análisis de la aparición social de la gripe nueva durante la primavera de 2009, de su desarrollo y de su desaparición contiene varios elementos reacios a la mirada socio-antropológica: además de surgir como “acontecimiento”, la gripe nueva es referida institucionalmente con un “mito de tipo existencial”, que es actualizado por los “medios de comunicación” a base de narrativas diversas hechas de metáforas y analogías. Se examina la evolución de los diferentes argumentos en la construcción discursiva de la “gripe nueva” en la prensa española.
La comunicología: viejos compromisos, ciencia tradicional y perspectiva crítica
Authors: Rubira García Rainer , Puebla Martínez Belén , Carrillo Pascual Elena
Published: April 2016

Este texto aborda, desde un punto de vista crítico e histórico, los procesos de configuración del campo académico de las ciencias de la comunicación, teniendo en cuenta las particularidades del contexto en que la disciplina emergió. A partir del estudio de diferentes perspectivas epistemológicas contrapuestas al interior de la Comunicación, como área de investigación aún en proceso de articulación, se defiende la necesidad de fortalecer un enfoque crítico en la praxis científica de los agentes reproductores del campo. La relevancia de entender los intercambios comunicativos en su dimensión social y humanística, desde una visión crítica, así como el valor transformador de estos, como forma de contribuir al enriquecimiento de los individuos y de la sociedad a la que pertenecen, constituye uno de los elementos principales de discusión en este artículo.
El CONEVAL. La institucionalización del concepto oficial de la pobreza en México
Authors: Czarnecki Lukasz
Published: April 2016

El establecimiento de las nuevas instituciones democráticas es un logro dentro del proceso democrático del México contemporáneo en la última década. En este sentido, el Consejo Nacional de Evaluación de la Política de Desarrollo Social (CONEVAL) se creó con base en la Ley General de Desarrollo Social (LGDS) en 2004. La creación de la nueva institución es un reto dentro del proceso democrático del México contemporáneo. Sin embargo, se considera que el CONEVAL es una síntesis contradictoria, donde los diferentes grupos de poder, externos e internos, diferentes partidos políticos de derecha e izquierda y distintos académicos logran influir. Como resultado aparecen las controversias en cuanto a la institucionalización y a la importancia del CONEVAL en el diseño institucional federal.
A Note on the Perturbation of arithmetic expressions
Authors: Abbas Shawki A.M.
Published: April 2016

In this paper we present the theoretical foundation of forward error analysis of numerical algorithms under;• Approximations in "built-in" functions.• Rounding errors in arithmetic floating-point operations.• Perturbations of data.The error analysis is based on linearization method. The fundamental tools of the forward error analysis are system of linear absolute and relative a prior and a posteriori error equations and associated condition numbers constituting optimal of possible cumulative round – off errors. The condition numbers enable simple general, quantitative bounds definitions of numerical stability. The theoretical results have been applied a Gaussian elimination, and have proved to be very effective means of both a priori and a posteriori error analysis.
Evaluation of Dechlorinating Chemicals for Spent Membrane Cleaning Solutions
Authors: Ko Jiyun , Parker Wayne , Liu Jun
Published: April 2016

The use of dechlorinating chemicals for removal of chlorine from spent membrane cleaning solutions was investigated. Addition of calcium thiosulfate resulted in a decrease in pH at low dosages of calcium thiosulfate, but when higher dosages were used, the pH was not affected. Other dechlorinating agents (sodium bisulfite, sodium sulfite, and ascorbic acid) generated smaller pH declines than calcium thiosulfate. The declines in pH were observed after the dechlorination reaction was effectively complete and pH did not appear to influence the rate of dechlorination. The rate of dechlorination in spent cleaning solution was slower than that observed in clean water. Dechlorination with calcium thiosulfate resulted in the lowest half‐life and reaction time. At lower doses (less than 565 mg/L), it was not possible to discriminate between the different dechlorinating agents. The times required for dechlorination were more sensitive to increases in dechlorination chemical dose at lower doses.
Effects of single bolus dose of intravenous Dexmedetomidine on intrathecal hyperbaric Bupivacaine: a randomized double blind placebo controlled trial
Authors: Reddy Manjunath , Narayanappa Archana Byadarahalli , Babu Sreenivasa
Published: April 2016

Background: To prolong the effect of spinal anaesthesia into the postoperative period many pharmacological agents are being used intrathecally and intravenously. The present study was designed to assess the effects of single bolus dose of intravenous Dexmedetomidine on spinal anaesthesia and analgesia in patients undergoing lower abdominal surgeries under spinal anaesthesia with 0.5% Hyperbaric Bupivacaine.Methods: One hundred patients posted for lower abdominal surgeries under spinal anaesthesia were randomly allocated to two groups. Group D (study group) patients received single bolus dose of 0.5mcg/kg of intravenous Dexmedetomidine and Group C (control group) received 10ml of normal saline. Variation in the onset, duration of sensory and motor level, duration of analgesia, effect on sedation and side effects were recorded.Results: The duration of sensory block and two segment regression was significantly prolonged in Group D (189.90±7.66 minutes, 104±20.6 minutes) as compared to Group C (145.60±11.98 minutes, 75±22.5 minutes). The onset of sensory block was earlier in Group D then compared to Group C which was statistically significant. The duration of analgesia in Group D (218.8 ± 11.36 minutes) was prolonged when compared to Group C (178.6±17.96 minutes). Sedation score and incidence of bradycardia was high in Group D when compared to Group C.Conclusion: Single bolus dose of IV Dexmedetomidine prior to spinal anaesthesia prolongs the duration of sensory block and duration of analgesia with satisfactory arousable sedation and acceptable side effects.
'The Country is Greatly Injured': Human-Animal Relationships, Ecology and the Fate of Empire in the Eighteenth Century Mississippi Valley Borderlands
Authors: Morrissey Robert Michael
Published: April 2016

At the end of the Seven Years' War, the British Empire made its most serious effort to establish control over the trans-Appalachian west when it sent soldiers and colonists to the formerly-French settlements of the so-called Illinois Country. Despite this region's abundant resources and the presence of sympathetic Illinois Indians in the area, the British effort failed dismally. This essay explains the weakness of the British in part by examining the special ecology of the tallgrass prairie and one of its most important non-human inhabitants, the bison. Exploring the central (though ignored) place of bison in the lives of the Illinois Indians - the easternmost bison people in North America - I show how the animal was more than just a source of calories; it was the basis of collaborative relationships between the Illinois and colonial newcomers throughout the eighteenth century. In particular, bison trade was the foundation of a strong accommodation between the Illinois and the French regime in the Mississippi Valley beginning in the late seventeenth century and lasting through the Seven Years' War. When the British arrived in the 1760s, various factors combined to deplete the bison herds in the region, which in turn undermined the possibility of close diplomacy between the British and the Native people. Far from a simple story of aggressive newcomers and the commodification of nature, this was a scenario in which policy, ecology and imperial rivalries were all entangled, each affecting the other. This essay thus tells a new story, not just about a key chapter of imperial history in the early West, but also about a little-known bison culture at the very edge of the prairie-woodlands divide.
Glucocorticoid Effect on Radiographic Progression in Placebo Arms of Rheumatoid Arthritis Biologics Trials
Authors: Boers Maarten , Aletaha Daniel , Mela Christopher M. , Baker Daniel G. , Smolen Josef S.
Published: April 2016

Objective.

To assess the effect of glucocorticoids (GC) on damage progression in placebo-biologic arms of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) biologics trials.

Methods.

Posthoc metaanalysis of 2 infliximab (IFX) trials (established and early RA) and 1 tocilizumab (TCZ) trial (established RA).

Results.

The proportion of patients receiving GC was 38%–64%, baseline damage was 11–82 Sharp/van der Heijde points, and progression in the placebo groups was 0.5–4.8 points in 6 months. In the pooled IFX studies, GC cotreatment reduced 6-month progression by 2.6 points (95% CI 0.6–4.5). In the TCZ study (progression rate 0.5 Genant points), no such difference was seen.

Conclusion.

GC cotreatment may affect results in RA trials.
Clinical Characteristics of Patients Carrying the Q703K Variant of the NLRP3 Gene: A 10-year Multicentric National Study
Authors: Naselli Aldo , Penco Federica , Cantarini Luca , Insalaco Antonella , Alessio Mariolina , Tommasini Alberto , Maggio Cristina , Obici Laura , Gallizi Romina , Cimmino Marco , Signa Sara , Lucherini Orso Maria , Carta Sonia , Caroli Francesco , Martini Alberto , Rubartelli Anna , Ceccherini Isabella , Gattorno Marco
Published: April 2016

Objective.

The aim of our study was to analyze the clinical and functional effect of the p.Q703K (p. Q705K, c. 2107C>A) variant of the NLRP3 gene in a population of patients screened for suspected cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome (CAPS).

Methods.

Since 2002, 580 patients underwent molecular analysis for NLRP3. Data on clinical presentation, response to treatment, and longterm followup were collected using a uniform questionnaire. The pattern of cytokine secretion after lipopolysaccharide stimulation from isolated monocytes was analyzed in 3 patients carrying the p.Q703K variant and 1 patient with a chronic infantile neurologic, cutaneous, articular syndrome phenotype carrying both the p.M406I and p.Q703K, and compared with 7 patients with CAPS with sure pathogenic variants and 6 healthy controls.

Results.

The p.Q703K variant was found in 57 screened patients with an overall allelic frequency of 5%. The frequency in normal controls was 5.5%. Clinical data at the moment of molecular analysis and at followup were available in 36 patients. Two patients displayed additional mutations of NLRP3. The mean followup was 2.5 years. Thirteen patients (39%) had a final diagnosis different from the original suspicion of CAPS. The remaining 21 patients displayed a mild phenotype mainly characterized by recurrent episodes of urticarial rash and arthralgia. Only 8 patients were treated with anti-interleukin (IL)-1 treatment, with a complete response in 5 patients. The pattern of secretion of IL-1β and other cytokines (IL-6 and IL-1 receptor antagonist) in patients did not display the aberrancies observed in patients with CAPS and was similar to that observed in healthy controls.

Conclusion.

The present study confirms the weak clinical and functional effect of the p.Q703K variant.
The Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score as a Measure of Disease Activity in Patients with Giant Cell Arteritis
Authors: Kermani Tanaz A. , Cuthbertson David , Carette Simon , Hoffman Gary S. , Khalidi Nader A. , Koening Curry L. , Langford Carol A. , McKinnon-Maksimowicz Kathleen , McAlear Carol A. , Monach Paul A. , Seo Philip , Warrington Kenneth J. , Ytterberg Steven R. , Merkel Peter A. , Matteson Eric L. ,   The Vasculitis Clinical Research Consortium
Published: April 2016

Objective.

To evaluate the performance of the Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score (BVAS) in the assessment of disease activity in giant cell arteritis (GCA).

Methods.

Patients with GCA enrolled in a prospective, multicenter, longitudinal study with symptoms of active vasculitis during any visit were included. Spearman’s rank correlation was used to explore the association of the BVAS with other measures of disease activity.

Results.

During a mean (SD) followup of 2.3 (1.6) years, symptoms of active GCA were present in 236 visits in 136 subjects (100 female, 74%). Median (range) BVAS1 (new/worse symptoms) was 1 (0–10) and median (range) BVAS2 (persistent symptoms) was 0 (0–5). Median (range) physician’s global assessment (PGA) was 4 (0–9) for disease activity in the past 28 days and 2 (0–9) for activity on the day of the visit. Important ischemic manifestations of active vasculitis not recorded by the BVAS included tongue/jaw claudication (27%), upper extremity claudication (15%), lower extremity claudication (5%), carotidynia (7%), and ischemic retinopathy (5%). During 25 visits (11%) with active disease, all symptoms of active vasculitis were placed in the “Other” category yet still resulted in a BVAS1 and BVAS2 of 0. BVAS1 moderately correlated with PGA for the past 28 days (Spearman’s correlation 0.50) and physician-rated disease activity for the past 28 days (Spearman’s correlation 0.46).

Conclusion.

The BVAS has limited utility in GCA. Patients with active GCA can have a BVAS of 0. Many important ischemic symptoms attributable to active vasculitis are not included in the composite score.
Measuring the Rheumatology Workforce in Canada: A Literature Review
Authors: Brophy Julie , Marshall Deborah A. , Badley Elizabeth M. , Hanly John G. , Averns Henry , Ellsworth Janet , Pope Janet E. , Barber Claire E.H.
Published: April 2016

Objective.

The number of rheumatologists per capita has been proposed as a performance measure for arthritis care. This study reviews what is known about the rheumatologist workforce in Canada.

Methods.

A systematic search was conducted in EMBASE and MEDLINE using the search themes “rheumatology” AND “workforce” AND “Canada” from 2000 until December 2014. Additionally, workforce databases and rheumatology websites were searched. Data were abstracted on the numbers of rheumatologists, demographics, retirement projections, and barriers to healthcare.

Results.

Twenty-five sources for rheumatology workforce information were found: 6 surveys, 14 databases, 2 patient/provider resources, and 3 epidemiologic studies. Recent estimates say there are 398 to 428 rheumatologists in Canada, but there were limited data on allocation of time to clinical practice. Although the net number of rheumatologists has increased, the mean age was ≥ 47.7 years, and up to one-third are planning to retire in the next decade. There is a clustering of rheumatologists around academic centers, while some provinces/territories have suboptimal ratios of rheumatologists per capita (range 0–1.1). Limited information was found on whether rural areas are receiving adequate services. The most consistent barrier reported by rheumatologists was lack of allied health professionals.

Conclusion.

In Canada there are regional disparities in access to rheumatologist care and an aging rheumatologist workforce. To address these workforce capacity issues, better data are needed including information on clinical full-time equivalents, delivery of care to remote communities, and use of alternative models of care to increase clinical capacity.
L’image métier : exploration d’une notion au cœur du choix professionnel
Authors: Brillet Franck , Gavoille Franck
Published: April 2016

Certaines entreprises font face à de réelles difficultés de recrutement sur certains métiers, dues en partie à une pénurie de candidats, notamment en raison de problèmes d’attractivité des métiers. Dans la mesure où de nombreux travaux en marketing montrent les implications de l’image dans le comportement des individus, les incidences de l’image métier sur le comportement à l’égard des métiers nous semblent alors une voie à explorer pour répondre à ces problèmes d’attractivité. Ce constat ouvre une perspective de recherche qui nous semble utile pour le concept de métier et les choix professionnels qu’opèrent les individus à son égard. Nous proposons de nous intéresser à la représentation du métier chez les individus à travers le concept d’image. L’objectif de ce travail est de déterminer ce qu’est l’image métier et dans quelle mesure elle influe et oriente les choix professionnels des individus, à partir d’une étude qualitative exploratoire. Nous concluons sur les conséquences de l’image métier en termes d’attractivité et de fidélisation et envisageons les leviers managériaux qui en découlent.
De la R&D à l’industrialisation d’un dispositif de gestion organisationnelle des savoirs d’experts : le cas d’une grande entreprise française
Authors: Le Bellu Sophie , Le Blanc Benoît , Di Benedetto Salvator
Published: April 2016

Une recherche-action menée au sein d’un grand Groupe énergétique français a permis le développement d’un dispositif de capitalisation et de transfert des savoir-faire professionnels pour la formation des opérateurs. Son appropriation par le Groupe a conduit à son industrialisation. Cet article fournit une synthèse des résultats obtenus, depuis la conception de la méthode et d’un support de formation original jusqu’à l’évaluation et l’insertion dans l’Entreprise.
Construire une chaîne de valeur « tourisme durable » sur un territoire : une approche par la Théorie de l’Acteur-Réseau
Authors: Van Der Yeught Corinne
Published: April 2016

L’objet de cet article est de comprendre comment peuvent être créées des chaînes de valeur « tourisme durable » sur les territoires. La Théorie de l’Acteur-Réseau est mobilisée afin de saisir les différentes étapes par lesquelles ont été établies les connexions entre participants de plusieurs réseaux de tourisme responsable et solidaire en Provence et en Méditerranée. À l’issue d’une analyse multi-sites, un modèle de chaîne de valeur « tourisme durable » est proposé.
Laudato Si’ : événement ecclésial et mondial
Authors: Stenger Marc , Billet Catherine
Published: April 2016

Depuis Rerum Novarum de Léon XIII, alors que la révolution industrielle engendre la misère ouvrière, les encycliques portent sur les bouleversements économiques, politiques et sociaux de la planète auxquels elle cherche à répondre de façon intemporelle, à la lumière des Écritures. En ce sens, Laudato Si’ , encyclique pour « la sauvegarde de la maison commune » , ne déroge pas mais elle apparaît cependant comme une nouveauté car, pour la première fois, l’avenir de la vie sur terre fait l’objet d’un document majeur de l’Église. Le pape François inscrit Laudato Si’ dans une forte intuition d’une présence de « l’Église dans le monde de ce temps » . Et s’il s’appuie, comme il se doit, sur ses prédécesseurs, sur la Tradition de l’Église et sur les Écritures en élargissant ses sources aux travaux des Églises locales et à ceux des experts. Il est frappant de constater combien son propos relie ce qui a pu être séparé. La terre et l’homme sont liés et le chrétien est homme parmi les hommes dans une société gouvernée par des lois économiques et politiques. L’enjeu n’est donc plus seulement écologique ou social mais devient un enjeu spirituel.
Éthique du corps épandu
Authors: Falque Emmanuel
Published: April 2016

Entre le « corps étendu » et le « corps vécu », se tient le « corps épandu » ( Noces de l’agneau ). Encore fallait-il éprouver ce concept au contact de la science, ou mieux de l’expérience. Lorsqu’un philosophe se rend dans une unité de soins palliatifs (CHU-Luynes-Tours), l’ensemble de ses discours viennent à vaciller. On parle ordinairement du « récit » (Ricœur) ou du « visage de l’autre » (Lévinas), mais il n’y voit d’abord que de la matière, ou plutôt du « corps » en mal de survivre et loin de s’abandonner. Et pourtant il s’agit bien là de vivant, et même de « vivant humain et souffrant », au moins dans la manière dont il est visé. Une « éthique du corps épandu » en définit ici le sens a minima – non pas, ou plus, dans l’hypertrophie du sens, mais simplement dans l’être-là auprès de ce « corps alité », qui n’a plus que sa chair pour parler et nous renvoie d’abord à notre propre être incarné.
Role of Prophylactic Antibiotics in the Management of Postoperative Endodontic Pain
Authors: Alsomadi Leena , Habahbeh Riyad Al
Published: April 2016

Aim

To investigate the efficacy of using antibiotics in post endodontic treatment as a method to alleviate post-treatment pain.

Materials and methods

After completion of endodontic treatment 129 patients were randomly divided into two groups: Group A (65 patients) received Ibuprofen 400 mg one tablet before procedure and one tablet every 8 hours for the first day, then one tablet once indicated by pain. Group B (64 patients) received the same regimen as group A in addition to amoxicillin, clavulanic acid tablets (one tablet before the procedure, and then one tablet twice daily for a total of 3 days). Intensity of pain at 8 hours interval using visual analog scale (VAS) and total number of Ibuprofen tablets used was recorded by patients.

Results

Peak postoperative pain occurred at 16 hours posttreatment in both groups, there was a significant difference in the pain scale between the two groups in favor for group B over group A (3.8 vs 2.1 respectively). Pain scale was significantly lower in group B at 24, 32, 40, and 48 hours post-treatment with a p-value of < 0.05. The pain scale at 56, 64 and 72 hours were also less in group B, although could not show up as statistical difference. Patients in group A used statistically significant more Ibuprofen than patients in group B (486 vs 402).

Conclusion

Antibiotic prescription to manage post endodontic treatment pain results in less pain with less consumption of Ibuprofens.

Clinical significance

Pain management in endodontics is a real challenge, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) are used effectively in many patients to alleviate post endodontic pain. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may have adverse reactions or may be contraindicated. Short-term use of antibiotics to alleviate pain can be of clinical benefits in these patients.

How to cite this article

Alsomadi L, Al Habahbeh R. Role of Prophylactic Antibiotics in the Management of Postoperative Endodontic Pain. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(12):939-943.
A Comparative Study between the Effect of Combined Local Anesthetic and Low-dose Ketamine with Local Anesthetic on Postoperative Complications after Impacted Third Molar Surgery
Authors: Kale Tejraj Pundalik
Published: April 2016

Background

Postoperative pain, swelling and trismus are the most common outcome after third molar surgery. Many methods have been tried to improve postoperative comfort after surgery. Ketamine is a phencyclidine derivative that induces a state of dissociative anesthesia. It is a noncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist and has a distinct suppression effect on central nervous system (CNS) sensitization. Ketamine in a subanesthetic dose is set to produce analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect.

Materials and methods

Sixty patients, between the age group of 18 and 38 years, undergoing the extraction of impacted mandibular third molar, reporting to the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery were included in the study.

Patients were divided randomly into two groups: local anesthetic alone (LAA) and local anesthetic and ketamine (LAK).

Statistical analysis

Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney U/unpaired—t-test and Wilcoxon signedrank test.

Result

There was a significant difference in mouth opening in the LAA and LAK group in the immediate postoperative period. There was a significant difference between the two groups after 1 hour (LAA: 2.37; LAK: 1.40), and 4 hours (LAA: 2.37; LAK: 1.40).

There was a significant difference in terms of facial swelling in the immediate postoperative period and day 1 between the LAA and LAK group.

Clinical significance

Use of subanesthetic dose of ketamine is not only safe but also valuable in reducing patient morbidity after third molar surgery.

Conclusion

Combination of a local anesthetic and subanesthetic dose of ketamine during surgical extraction of third molars provides good postoperative analgesia with less swelling and significantly less trismus.

How to cite this article

Kumar A, Kale TP. A Comparative Study between the Effect of Combined Local Anesthetic and Low-dose Ketamine with Local Anesthetic on Postoperative Complications after Impacted Third Molar Surgery. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(12):957-962.
The Unit Bar Visibility Number of a Graph
Authors: Gaub Emily , Rose Michelle , Wenger Paul
Published: April 2016

A $t$-unit-bar representation of a graph $G$ is an assignment of sets of at most $t$ horizontal unit-length segments in the plane to the vertices of $G$ so that (1) all of the segments are pairwise nonintersecting, and (2) two vertices $x$ and $y$ are adjacent if and only if there is a vertical channel of positive width connecting a segment assigned to $x$ and a segment assigned to $y$ that intersects no other segment.
The unit bar visibility number of a graph $G$, denoted $ub(G)$, is the minimum $t$ such that $G$ has a $t$-unit-bar visibility representation.
Our results include a linear time algorithm that determines $ub(T)$ when $T$ is a tree, bounds on $ub(K_{m,n})$ that determine $ub(K_{m,n})$ asymptotically when $n$ and $m$ are asymptotically equal, and bounds on $ub(K_n)$ that determine $ub(K_n)$ exactly when $n\equiv 1,2\pmod 6$
Overview of Clinical Cytogenetics
Authors: Gonzales Patrick R. , Carroll Andrew J. , Korf Bruce R.
Published: April 2016

Chromosome analysis is one of the first approaches to genetic testing and remains a key component of genetic analysis of constitutional and somatic genetic disorders. Numerical or unbalanced structural chromosome abnormalities usually lead to multiple congenital anomalies. Sometimes these are compatible with live birth, usually resulting in severe cognitive and physical handicaps; other times they result in miscarriage or stillbirth. Chromosome rearrangements also occur as somatic changes in malignancies. Identification of constitutional chromosomal anomalies (anomalies present in most or all cells of the body and/or the germline) can provide important information for genetic counseling. In this unit, we introduce chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA), which is a relatively recent addition to cytogenetic technologies, and has become the recommended first‐tier testing method for patients with developmental delay, intellectual disability, autism, and/or multiple congenital anomalies. We also discuss non‐invasive prenatal testing/screening (NIPTS), which uses circulating cell‐free fetal DNA (cfDNA) from maternal plasma to rapidly screen for autosomal and sex‐chromosome aneuploidies. Cytogenetic analysis of tumors is helpful in diagnosis and in monitoring the effects of treatment. The protocols in this chapter cover the clinical study of chromosomes in nonmalignant tissues. © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Long‐term human primary hepatocyte cultures in a microfluidic liver biochip show maintenance of mRNA levels and higher drug metabolism compared with Petri cultures
Authors: Jellali Rachid , Bricks Thibault , Jacques Sébastien , Fleury Marie‐José , Paullier Patrick , Merlier Franck , Leclerc Eric
Published: April 2016

Human primary hepatocytes were cultivated in a microfluidic bioreactor and in Petri dishes for 13 days. mRNA kinetics in biochips showed an increase in the levels of CYP2B6, CYP2C19, CYP2C8, CYP3A4, CYP1A2, CYP2D6, HNF4a, SULT1A1, UGT1A1 mRNA related genes when compared with post extraction levels. In addition, comparison with Petri dishes showed higher levels of CYP2B6, CYP2C19, CYP2C8, CYP3A4, CYP1A2, CYP2D6 related genes at the end of culture. Functional assays illustrated a higher urea and albumin production over the period of culture in biochips. Bioreactor drug metabolism (midazolam and phenacetin) was not superior to the Petri dish after 2 days of culture. The CYP3A4 midazolam metabolism was maintained in biochips after 13 days of culture, whereas it was almost undetectable in Petri dishes. This led to a 5000‐fold higher value of the metabolic ratio in the biochips. CYP1A2 phenacetin metabolism was found to be higher in biochips after 5, 9 and 13 days of culture. Thus, a 100‐fold higher metabolic ratio of APAP in biochips was measured after 13 days of perfusion. These results demonstrated functional primary human hepatocyte culture in the bioreactor in a long‐term culture. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Determination of RH‐5849 and indoxacarb in rice straw, rice husk, brown rice and soil using liquid chromatography–tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry following extraction with QuEChERS method
Authors: Li Zhurui , Zhao Xiaozhen , Chen Jiaojiao , Wu Yue , Zhang Jing , Zhang Kankan , Hu Deyu
Published: April 2016

A fast and simple analytical method was developed for the simultaneous determination of RH‐5849 and indoxacarb in soil, rice straw, rice husk and brown rice. QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe) method was used for extraction, and liquid chromatography with tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry was used for quantification. The matrix‐matched calibration plots were linear in the range between 25 and 5000 μg/L for soil, rice straw, rice husk and brown rice samples. All determination coefficients (R2) were ≥0.9962. The limits of detection and quantification were 1.5 and 5 μg/kg, respectively. Recoveries at three fortification levels ranged between 79.5 and 97.9% with relative standard deviations <11%. The developed method was validated and applied for the analysis of dissipation study samples. For field experiments, the half‐lives of RH‐5849 and indoxacarb in rice straw were 11.93 and 5.83 days, respectively. The method was demonstrated to be reliable for the routine monitoring of RH‐5849 and indoxacarb in rice samples. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ChemInform Abstract: FLUORIDE CRYSTAL STRUCTURES. PART 27. SELENINYL DIFLUORIDE AT ‐35°C
Authors: DEWAN J. C. , EDWARDS A. J.
Published: April 2016

Die Titelverbindung kristallisiert orthorhombisch in der Raumgruppe Pca21 mit Z=4.
ChemInform Abstract: ANTIMONY‐121 MOESSBAUER STUDIES OF SOME FLUOROANTIMONATES(III)
Authors: BALLARD J. G. , BIRCHALL T. , FOURCADE R. , MASCHERPA G.
Published: April 2016

Die 121Sb‐Mößbauer‐Spektren der Verbindungen (I)‐(VI) werden bei 4 K aufgenommen.
ChemInform Abstract: THERMODYNAMIC STUDIES OF HYDROBROMIC ACID IN ACETONE‐WATER MIXTURES (10, 30 AND 50 WT‐*) FROM ELECTROMOTIVE FORCE MEASUREMENTS
Authors: MEKJAVIC I. , TOMINIC I.
Published: April 2016

Die EMK der Kette A werden bei den Temperaturen 15, 25 und 35°C im Molalitätsbereich der HBr von 0,003‐0,1 mol kg" gemessen und aus den daraus erhaltenen Ag/AgBr‐Standardpotentialen die thermodynamischen Standardgrößen der Zellreaktion und der HBr‐ Bildungsreaktion, die mittleren Aktivitätskoeffizienten der HBr, der primäre Mediumeffekt und die thermodynamischen Standardgrößen der Überführung der HBr aus H2O in das Mischlösungsmittel berechnet.
ChemInform Abstract: ELECTRODEPOSITION OF COBALT USING AN INSOLUBLE ANODE
Authors: LAKSHMINARAYANAN G. R. , CHEN E. S. , SADAK J. C. , SAUTTER F. K.
Published: April 2016

Es wird eine Methode entwickelt, bei der Co unter Verwendung einer unlöslichen Anode (Pt) elektrochemisch abgeschieden werden kann, ohne daß Bildung von Co3"‐Ionen und C0203 an der Anode auftreten.
ChemInform Abstract: DISSOLUTION, PASSIVITY AND ITS BREAKDOWN ON IRON WHISKER CRYSTALS
Authors: HARUYAMA S. , TAKABAYASHI J. , KANEKO M.
Published: April 2016

Das anodische Polarisationsverhalten von Fe‐Whiskerkristallen in neutralen Lösungen (H3BO3/Na2B,O‐" H2SO4/Na2SO4) wird in Gegenwart oder unter Ausschluß von C1′ untersucht, wobei der Rolle von Oberflächendefekten bei der Auflösung, der Passivierung und der Grübchenkorrosion besondere Aufmerksamkeit gilt.
ChemInform Abstract: METAL CLUSTERS IN CATALYSIS. 7. MOLECULAR STRUCTURE AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF A NOVEL METAL‐METAL BONDED NICKEL COMPLEX
Authors: DAY V. W. , ABDEL‐MEGUID S. S. , DABESTANI S. , THOMAS M. G. , PRETZER W. R. , MUETTERTIES E. L.
Published: April 2016

Die Reaktion äquimolarer Mengen Diphenylacetylen mit Bis‐[cyclooctadien‐(1,5)]‐nickel in Pentan bei 20°C liefert den formal elektronenunterschüssigen, zweikernigen Komplex (I).
ChemInform Abstract: SOLVENT EFFECTS ON DISSOCIATION OF THE MONOCOMPLEX OF NICKEL(II) WITH ISOQUINOLINE
Authors: CHATTOPADHYAY P. K. , KRATOCHVIL B.
Published: April 2016

Mittels spektrophotometrischer Messungen werden die Dissoziationsgeschwindigkeitskonstanten und die assoziierten Aktivierungsparameter für den Titel‐Komplex in Acetonitril und Propylencarbonat als Lösungsmittel erhalten.
ChemInform Abstract: PRESSURE DEPENDENCE OF THE THERMOLYSIS OF TETRAMETHYL‐1,2‐DIOXETANE‐ THE VOLUME OF ACTIVATION AND ITS MECHANISTIC IMPLICATIONS
Authors: SCHMIDT R. , STEINMETZER H.‐C. , BRAUER H.‐D. , KELM H.
Published: April 2016

Die Druckabhängigkeit der Geschwindigkeitskonstanten der Titelreaktion ergibt bei 60°C für verschiedene Lösungsmittel im Bereich von 1‐1000 atm Aktivierungsvolumina von 9‐11 cm3/mol.
ChemInform Abstract: CARBANION CHEMISTRY. A ROOM TEMPERATURE RETRO‐DIELS‐ALDER REACTION
Authors: BOWMAN E. S. , HUGHES G. B. , GRUTZNER J. B.
Published: April 2016

Im Gegensatz zu den üblichen retro‐Diels‐Alder‐Reaktionen tritt beim syn‐ bzw. anti‐Norbornen (I) bereits bei Zimmertemperatur in 1,2‐Dimethoxy‐äthan eine Äthylenentwicklung auf, die nach 30 Min. abgeschlossen ist.
ChemInform Abstract: THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANOBORATES. PART 7. PROTONATION STUDIES OF ALKYNYLTRIALKYLBORATES
Authors: PELTER A. , HARRISON C. R. , SUBRAHMANYAM C. , KIRKPATRICK D.
Published: April 2016

Protonierung der Borate (I) [in situ aus entsprechenden Trialkylboranen, Alkinen und Butyl‐Li] gibt die Vinylborane (II).
ChemInform Abstract: CHEMISTRY OF NITROPARAFFINS. CXVI. BROMINATION OF NITROOLEFINS AND THEIR SALTS
Authors: KOCHANY J. , PIOTROWSKA H.
Published: April 2016

Nitroalkene, wie z.B. (I) und (III), werden je nach der Lage der Doppelbindung in α‐ und β‐ oder in β‐ und v‐Stellung bromiert [Produkte (II) bzw. (IV)].
ChemInform Abstract: THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANOBORATES. PART 6. ALKYLATION OF ALKYNYLBORATES WITH SOME COMPLEX ALKYLATING AGENTS
Authors: PELTER A. , GOULD K. J. , HARRISON C. R.
Published: April 2016

Li‐alkinyl‐trialkylborate (I) [erhältlich aus entspre‐ ′ chenden Trialkylboranen und Alkinen] reagieren mit den Halogenverbindungen (II)′ zu den intermediären Vinylboranen (III); nachfolgende ?zOz‐Oxidation [im Falle der Alkylierung mit (IIb) statt dessen mit Trimethylaminoxid] liefert die Ketone (IV); Hydrolyse führt stereospezifisch zu den funktionell substituierten und mithin für weitere Reaktionen geeigneten Olefinen (V).
ChemInform Abstract: A NOVEL METHOD FOR CONVERTING KETONES TO α‐DIKETONES. THE REACTION OF ENAMINO KETONES WITH SINGLET OXYGEN
Authors: WASSERMANN H. H. , IVES J. L.
Published: April 2016

Durch Überführung von Ketonen (I) mittels des Reagenzes (II) in Enaminoketone (III) und nachfolgende Spaltungsreaktion durch Singulett‐Sauerstoff (sensibilisierte Photooxidation) lassen sich auf schonende Weise Diketone (IV) darstellen [Ausbeuten beziehen sich auf (I)].
ChemInform Abstract: INTRAMOLECULAR VERSUS INTERMOLECULAR PROTON‐TRANSFER IN CYANIDE ION‐CATALYZED REACTION OF PROP‐2‐YNALS WITH METHANOL
Authors: VISHWAKARMA L. C. , WALIA J. S.
Published: April 2016

Die durch CN′‐Ionen katalysierte Reaktion der Aldehyde (I) mit Methanol [Produktez die Ester (II) und (III), wobei im Falle des Phenylderivats das trans‐Isomere überwiegt] kann sowohl über einen intramolekularen als auch über einen intermolekularen Protonentransfer‐Mechanismus ablaufen.
ChemInform Abstract: SULFONIC ACID RESIN‐CATALYZED N → O ACYL SHIFT AND CLEAVAGE OF β‐HYDROXYAMIDE
Authors: BORA J. M. , SAUND A. K. , SHARMA I. K. , MATHUR N. K.
Published: April 2016

Bei der Behandlung mit Sulfonsäure‐Harzen [H ‐Form] erfahren β‐Hydroxyamide wie (I) eine N ‐ O‐Acyl‐Wanderung [→(II)] und gleichzeitige solvolytische Spaltung unter Bildung der entsprechenden Aminoalkohole (III) und der Säure (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: LOW‐TEMPERATURE SYNTHESIS OF METHANOL AT 300 KG CM2
Authors: POPOV I. G. , LENDER YU. V. , VISLOGUZOVA V. G.
Published: April 2016

Die Synthese von Methanol durch Umsetzung von Kohlenmonoxid mit Wasserstoff wird im Temperaturbereich von 200‐360°C an SNM‐2, NTK‐2 und NTK‐6 als Katalysatoren untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: CONTINUOUS PREPARATION OF ALIPHATIC ACID CHLORIDES
Authors: PETRISHCHEV K. P. , ZHDANOVA G. V. , NAZAROV V. N. , SUCHKOV V. V. , KRUCHININ V. A.
Published: April 2016

Laurinsäure (I) wird in einer kontinuierlich arbeitenden Apparatur mit gasförmigem stickstoffverdünntem Phosphortrichlorid bei Temperaturen von 60‐65°C und Molverhältnissen von Laurinsäure: Phosphortrichlorid wie 1:(0,47 ‐ 0,48) in Ausbeuten von 92‐94% zu Lauroylchlorid (II) umgesetzt.
ChemInform Abstract: INSERTION OF SULFUR DIOXIDE IN THE CARBON‐COPPER BOND
Authors: CAHIEZ G. , BERNARD D. , NORMANT J. F. , VILLIERAS J.
Published: April 2016

In ausgezeichneten Ausbeuten gelingt bei ‐40°C die SO2‐Einschiebung in die Kupferorganyle (I).
ChemInform Abstract: CARBENIUM ION REACTIONS. XIII. ACETOLYSIS OF 5‐TOSYLOXYMETHYL‐5H‐6,7‐DIHYDRODIBENZO(A, C)CYCLOPROPA(E)CYCLOHEPTENE
Authors: DRAGU E. , BANCIU M. , DRAGHICI C. , ELIAN M. , CIORANESCU E.
Published: April 2016

Die Acetolyse der aus der Cycloheptencarbonsäure (I) nach Umsetzung mit Diazomethan, UV‐Spaltung, Reduktion des dabei erhaltenen Cyclopropancarbonsäureesters und anschließender Tosylierung hergestellten Verbindung (II) wird untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF 10‐AZAPROSTAGLANDINS
Authors: REUSCHLING D. , MITZLAFF M. , KUEHLEIN K.
Published: April 2016

Aus den Pyrrolidon‐estern (I) entstehen bei der elektrolytischen Methoxylierung in Methanol stereoisomere Methoxy‐Verbindungen (II), die zu Aldehyden (III) oxidiert werden.
ChemInform Abstract: DERIVATIVES OF HYDROXYQUINOL. PART 4. A SYNTHESIS OF DI‐O‐METHYLCITROMYCIN, ELECTRONIC EFFECTS IN HYDROXYQUINOL DERIVATIVES
Authors: DEAN F. M. , HINDLEY K. B. , MURRAY S. , TAYLOR W.
Published: April 2016

Acetylierung der Chromanone (I) mit Acetanhydrid/B‐fluorid gibt über die Dioxaborin‐Derivate (II) die Acetylchromanone (III).
ChemInform Abstract: USE OF THE MANNICH REACTION IN THE SYNTHESIS OF BISPIDINE
Authors: RUENITZ P. C. , SMISSMAN E. E.
Published: April 2016

Eine wesentlich verbesserte Synthese für Bispidin (V), das als Zwischenstufe für pharmakologische Synthesen oder als Komplexbildner für Metalle Interesse besitzt, geht von N‐Benzyl‐4‐ piperidon (I) aus, das nach Mannich mit Benzylamin (II) und Formaldehyd (III) direkt das N,N′‐Dibenzyl‐bispidin (IV) liefert.
ChemInform Abstract: STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS FOR THE PHOTOCHEMICAL RING EXPANSION OF DIHYDROFURAN‐3(2H)‐ONES TO CYCLIC ACETALS
Authors: YATES P. , VERMA A. K. , TAM J. C. L.
Published: April 2016

Die Photolyse der Dihydrofuranone (I) ergibt in Methanol oder Äthanol in Gegenwart von Natriumcarbonat die Ringspaltungsprodukte (II) und im Fall von (Ic) zusätzlich das Ringerweiterungsprodukt (III) sowie das Dioxan (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: STUDIES IN BENZOFURANS‐ PART I. SYNTHESIS OF SOME BENZOFURO(3,2‐D)PYRIMIDINE DERIVATIVES
Authors: SANGAPURE S. S. , AGASIMUNDIN Y. S.
Published: April 2016

Salicylsäurenitril (I) kondensiert mit den Halogeniden (II) zu den o‐Cyanphenoxy‐Derivaten (III), die nach Thorpe‐Ziegler [(IIIa) und (IIIb) mit K2CO3 /DMF und (IIIc) mit KOH in Äthanol] zu den Benzofuranen (IV) cyclisiert werden.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,2,3‐THIADIAZOLO(5,4‐B)PYRIMIDIN‐4(5H)ONES
Authors: HYMANS W. E.
Published: April 2016

Aus 5‐Amino‐4‐carbäthoxy‐1 ,2,3‐ thiadiazol (I) und den Amidinen (II) entstehen die Cyclisierungsprodukte (IIIa) und (IIIb).
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESES OF ISOALLOXAZINES, ALLOXAZINES, TOXOFLAVINES, AND FERVENULINS BY OXIDATIVE CYCLIZATION OF THE MICHAEL‐TYPE ADDUCTS FROM SUBSTITUTED 6‐AMINOURACILS AND AZO‐COMPOUNDS
Authors: YONEDA F. , SAKUMA Y. , NAGAMATSU T. , MIZUMOTO S.
Published: April 2016

Die aus den Anilinouracilen (I) und DAD durch Rückflußkochen erhaltenen Addukte (II) werden beim Rückflußkochen mit Pb‐tetraacetat durch oxidative Cyclisierung in die Isoalloxazine (III) umgewandelt.
ChemInform Abstract: SOME 10‐SUBSTITUTED 5‐ETHYL‐10‐DIALKYLAMINOALKYL‐10,11‐DIHYDRO‐5H‐DIBENZ(B,F)AZEPINES AS POTENTIAL ANTIARRHYTHMIC AGENTS
Authors: ELLEFSON CH. R. , CUSIC J. W.
Published: April 2016

Das N‐Acetyl‐brom‐dibenzazepin (I) wird mit Boranat zur N‐Äthylverbindung (IIa) reduziert und dann zum Nitril (IIb) umgesetzt.
ChemInform Abstract: CONDENSATION OF THE IMIDAZOLE RING BY SOME DIBENZO‐TRICYCLIC SYSTEMS
Authors: MAFFRAND J.‐P. , PEREILLO J. M. , ELOY F. , AUBERT D.
Published: April 2016

Die Kondensation der Dibenzoheterocyclen (I) mit dem Propargylamin (II) liefert die intermedi‐ ären Derivate (III), die im allgemeinen spontan zu den tetracyclischen Imidazol‐Derivaten (IV) cyclisieren.
ChemInform Abstract: THE SYNTHESIS OF ALKENES FROM CARBONYL COMPOUNDS AND CARBANIONS α TO SILICON. V. STEREOSELECTIVE SYNTHESIS OF E‐ AND Z‐DISUBSTITUTED ALKENES
Authors: MICHAJLOWSKIJ W. , CHAN T. H.
Published: April 2016

Die Aldehyde (I) reagieren mit dem Trimethylsilyl‐lithio‐äthylen (II) zu den Addukten (IIIa), die zu (IIIb) acetyliert werden, während bei der Umwandlung in Allylchloride die (Z)‐Isomeren (IV) erhalten werden.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTION OF ORGANOSILICON AMINES WITH α‐OXIDES
Authors: MALINOVSKII M. S. , KROVOSHEEVA N. G.
Published: April 2016

Aus Epichlorhydrin (I) oder 1,4‐Dibrom‐2,3‐epoxybutan (IV) entstehen nur in geringen Ausbeuten (10%) die Epoxide (III) und (V).
ChemInform Abstract: STUDIES ON YLIDES‐ β‐NAPHTHOYL METHYLENETRIPHENYLPHOSPHORANE, ISOLATION AND SPECTROSCOPIC STUDIES
Authors: KENDURKAR P. S. , TEWARI R. S.
Published: April 2016

IR‐ und NMR‐spektroskopische Untersuchungen des Titelphosphorans (IV) bestätigen die Existenz von Isomeren mit Enolat‐Struktur, die das Ylid stabilisieren.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTION OF TERTIARY ARSINE SULFIDES WITH ALKYL CHLOROCARBONATES
Authors: IONOV L. B. , KOROVYAKOV A. P. , MOLODTSOV S. S.
Published: April 2016

Das Arsinsulfid (II) und der Ester (III) reagieren bei 25°C in 2 Richtungen; einmal zum Arsoniumchlorid (I) oder zum Alkylaryl‐carbomethoxyarsinsulfid (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF ORGANOMETALLIC HETEROOXIDES OF ZINC AND CADMIUM WITH DIBASIC CARBOXYLIC ACID ANHYDRIDES
Authors: KRASNOV YU. N. , DODONOV V. A. , PANKRATOVA V. N. , GALIULLINA R. F. , ALFEROV V. A. , VYSHINSKII N. N.
Published: April 2016

Triphenylsiloxy‐äthyl‐zink oder Triphenylsiloxy‐äthylcadmium (I) reagieren mit Phthalsäure‐ oder Bernsteinsäureanhydrid (II) quantitativ zu den kristallinen Verbindungen (III).
ChemInform Abstract: THE PRESERVATION OF METAL‐CARBON BONDS AND METALLOID‐CARBON BONDS DURING DIRECT FLUORINATION‐ A SURPRISE EVEN TO FLUORINE CHEMISTS
Authors: LIU E. K. S. , LAGOW R. J.
Published: April 2016

Die Verfasser beschrieben eine Fluorierungsmethode, bei der die Hg‐C‐ und die Si‐C‐Bindungen erhalten bleiben.