bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A beautiful celebration culminates: sixty years of creation of our Faculty of Nursing
Authors: Lalinde Ángel Maria Isabel
Published: April 2023

Con el presente número de la revista Investigación y Educación en Enfermería culminamos la celebración de los sesenta años de creación de nuestra facultad. Todo lo realizado en este 2010 se hizo como conmemoración de la efeméride: se ejecutaron actividades como la Cátedra Abierta, liderada por el Consejo Técnico Departamental de Enfermería; y el XIII Seminario Nacional de Ética, programado por ACOFAEN; se dio inicio a la primera cohorte del Doctorado en Enfermería, segundo en el país; se realizaron las jornadas de investigación “Rigor científico en la investigación cualitativa”; y se editó un número adicional de nuestra revista, que pasó de dos a tres ejemplares por año, entre otras actividades.
Health behaviors in adult Latin American immigrants of the Macarena de Sevilla district (Spain)
Authors: González López José Rafael , Lomas Campos María de las Mercedes , García Fernández Jacinto , Pascualvaca Armario Juana , Guardado González María José , Muñoz Guardado Beatriz , Caro Guerra Antonia , Lagares Vallejo Eloisa
Published: April 2023

Objective. To describe the health status of the immigrant Latin American population between 25 and 44 years old from the Macarena district of the city of Sevilla.

Methodology. Cross-sectional study, it was employing a stratified ramdom sampling. It was conducted on 34 people, 16 men and 18 women, 25 to 44 years old. To collect the data a questionnaire that unified the instrument Surveillance System of Risk Factors associated to Noncommunicable Diseases in Adults and the Surveillance System of Risk Factors Risk Behavior was used. Data were analyzed with the SPSS 17.0 statistical software.

Results. 38.2% of the sample perceived as good their health condition. 26.5% are unsure or don’t know about which is their Primary Care Center. 58.8% have never been attended to a nursing consult. 38.2% consume alcohol once a week and the 58.8% have selfmedicated. 67.7% of the sample use contraception, but only 43.5% also protect themselves from a sexually transmitted disease.

Conclusion. Health behaviors were identified according to the origin and some related factors. This should be considered when designing and developing activities aimed at improving the health level in immigrants.
The Participatory-Action-Research. A way to research in the nursing practice
Authors: Abad Corpa Eva , Delgado Hito Pilar , Cabrero García Julio
Published: April 2023

Within the qualitative research paradigm, the Participatory-Action- Research (PAR) integrates knowledge and action. It is not necessary to wait for knowledge to be produced to transfer it into practice. It is a method used for decades in disciplines such as education and sociology; however it is emerging in the health field. There are a variety of definitions, classifications and PAR models; this article aims to shed light upon this method of research, its history, philosophy and its use, given its potential and innovation in the field of health sciences.
Characterization of UTI associated with health
Authors: Arias Arango Angela Maria , Valderrama Maya Monica Patricia , Parra Pérez Doris Milena , Marin Zuluaga Juan Ignacio , Mazo Monsalve Luz Maria , Montoya Zapata Claudia Patricia
Published: April 2023

Objective. To describe epidemiological, microbiological and clinical characteristics of patients with health care associated urinary tract infection (UTI) in the adult hospitalization services in a fourth level attention hospital in the city of Medellin (Colombia) between 2007 and 2009.

Methodology. Descriptive study. 239 clinical histories of patients with health care associiated UTI diagnosis registered in the Infection Prevention Committee were studied.

Results. 269 episodes of health care associated UTI were analyzed. The average age of the patients was 56±19.2 years. 55.3% of the infections were in women. 69.1% had permanent catheter at the moment of the diagnosis or 7 days previous to it. In 12.4% the indication for the catheter wasn’t appropriate. 308 microorganisms were isolated in the studied cases, being the most frequent ones Escherichia coli (42.2%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (23.4%). The main complications were secondary bacteremia (9.2%) and septic shock (0.8%).

Conclusion. In an important percentage of patients the evaluation of the indication for putting the catheter wasn’t shown, which can influence the growth of the risk of acquiring urinary infections increasing the use of antibiotics which contributes to an increase in bacteria resistance and health care costs.
Effect of education on the incidence rate of occupational exposure resulting from sharp bodies and mucocutaneous contamination with blood and body fluids of patients among nursing personnel of Valiasr Hospital- Fassa, 2008
Authors: Ghodsbin Fariba , Bijani Mostafa , Rahmati Hashem , Mohebbi Zinat , Kamali M
Published: April 2023

Objective. To determine the effect of education on the incidence rate of occupational exposure resulted from sharp bodies and mucocutaneous contamination with blood and body fluids of patients among nursing personnel of Valiasr Hospital- Fassa, 2008. 

Methodology. Interventional study. Samples consisted of 120 nurses (60 as study group and 60 as control group) selected by systemic randomized allocation. The study group was trained in occupational exposure for a period of ten hours. The data collecting tool was an occupational exposure questionnaire that was completed for both groups, before and two months after education. A knowledge test was also applied to both groups before and after education. Data analysis was done by descriptive statistics, frequency, mean and standard deviation, inferential statistics, x², T-test and paired t, and a level of significance p<0.05 was statistically accepted. 

Results. Results of the research, indicated an increase of the knowledge level and a reduction of the incidence rate of occupational exposure among the study group in such a way that, the knowledge mean score of this group went from 8.1 before education to 14.1 after education (p<0.05). The incidence rate of occupational exposure resulting from sharp bodies and mucocutaneous contamination with blood and body fluids of patients was also reduced after education in the case group (p<0.05). 

Conclusion. The results of the study indicated improvement of knowledge and practice level in the the case group, concerning occupational exposure due to sharp bodies and mucocutaneous contamination with blood and body fluids of patients after the training intervention. In addition, continuous education in this respect is necessary because its effect lowers with time-lapse.
Creation of a career certification test for nursing
Authors: Catoni Salamanca María Isabel , Fernández Díaz Patricia Jimena , Sorria-Galvarro Ximena Ferrer , Manzi Astudillo Jorge Manuel , Flotts De los Hoyos María Paulina , Barrios Araya Silvia Cristina
Published: April 2023

Objective. To evaluate the utility of a career certification test, as a written test to measure skills defined in the graduate profile of the nursing curriculum.

Methodology. The test was developed based in the definition of its characteristics, approach of the objectives, evaluated content definition, description of the questions characteristics, and determine the approval or disapproval nature of the test. After review and classification of the questions, pilot sampling was performed allowing the construction of the final tool.

Results. From the total of piloted questions, a total of 256 questions were accepted, 31.3% of them were rescued post psychometric analysis, they were used for the first version of the test applied to nurses and matron-nurses, 36 students took it reaching a score of 52.4±4.7. Considering the above, the average grade of this cohort was 4.9±0.5 (in a 1 to 7 scale).

Conclusion. The certification test measured a wide range of professional skills needed for a quality practice. It is important to know that the election of a “written test” modality allows measuring only cognitive knowledge and skills. So it must be assured through curriculum in each course, to achieve technical abilities and the correct attitudes.
Interaction experience in field work in a Colombian rural zone
Authors: Arias Valencia María Mercedes
Published: April 2023

The field work experience as a researcher with Ember Chamí Indians in the city of Jardín Antioquia, Colombia is shared. Work field implications, participants’ approach as individuals, groups or communities and societies. It tells specifically the introduction, field orientation, interaction with people, rule observation, daily, weekly and monthly life organization, as well as the roles and reciprocity relationships in the field.
Risk of falling out of bed. Nursing’s challenge for the patient’s safety
Authors: Inoue Kelly Cristina , Matsuda Laura Misue , Melo William Augusto de , Murassaki Yassuko Ana Cláudia , Hayakawa Liliana Yukie
Published: April 2023

Objective. To asses factors associated to the patient’s risk of falling out of bed.

Methodology. Cross sectional descriptive study carried out in two public university hospitals (A and B). The Active Research Registry Instrument was used, and the risk of falling out of bed was determined by patient observation and verification of risk factors documented in the clinical history.

Results. 1 307 observations were done. More than half of the cases had risk of falling out of bed.The risk of falling was significantly higher in men, in patients ≥60 years of age and people with neurological disease. Between the patients with risk of falling out of bed, the hospital B had a higher risk (91.6%) compared to A (69.9%).

Conclusion. There is a high risk of falling out of bed for inpatients, especially in hospital B. It is necessary to improve nursing attention, and make some changes in the physical area aiming to offer maximum quality service to the patient.
HIV vertical transmission preventive measurements used by mothers.
Authors: Leal Aline da Fonseca , Roese Adriana , De Sousa Afra Suelene
Published: April 2023

Objective. To analyze HIV vertical transmission preventive measurements used by mothers of HIV positive children who were supported by the Specialized Attention Service (EAS) of the municipality of Pelotas, Rio Grande do sul (Brazil).

Methodology. Qualitative research with descriptive and exploratory approach. Data were collected through semi structured interviews applied to five mothers of HIV positive children. The analysis of the information was made through thematic categorization.

Results. It was observed that the main factor that hampers HIV vertical transmission preventive measurements was the healthcare staff omission to order the HIV test. Most of the surveyed mothers showed knowledge about the disease and its preventive measurements.

Conclusion. There is a need to train health care professionals in the diffusion of preventive measurements to improve prenatal attention.
Fistulas as a complication of cervical cancer: the current state of the problem
Authors: Saryev M. N. , Nurberdyev M. B. , Valiev R. K. , Nechushkin M. I. , Tizilova E. A. , Tikhomirova A. S. , Aliev V. A.
Published: April 2023

One of the possible adverse events of cervical cancer arising both as a result of the progression of the disease and as a result of the treatment, leading to a significant decrease in the quality of life, is the development of genital fistulas. This review presents current information on diagnostic approaches, and treatment options for fistulas caused by cervical cancer. The peculiarities of fistulas that have arisen after radiation therapy and surgical treatment are highlighted.
Polypharmacy and drug adherence in the elderly in the context of primary health care: cross-sectional study
Authors: Rodrigues Maria Eduarda da Silva , Nascimento Girleide Santos do , Medeiros Lucielly Batista de , Nogueira Matheus Figueiredo , Pascoal Francilene Figueiredo da Silva , Carvalho Mariana Albernaz Pinheiro de
Published: April 2023

Objective: To evaluate drug adherence in elderly people who use polypharmacy in the context of primary care. Method: Cross-sectional study of quantitative character. The sample consisted of 231 elderly. Results: Of the 231 elderly who participated in the study, 36.4% were male and 63.6% were female.  The mean age observed was 73.4 (± 8.7) years. There was a statistically significant difference among the variables “sex”, “quantity of drugs” and “has caregiver”. In addition, a positive statistical correlation was observed between age and the amount of drugs used by the elderly. The prevalence of polypharmacy identified was 16.0%. Most users of multiple drugs showed adherence to treatment (86.5%). Conclusion: It is assumed the need for a greater investigation of the relationship between the caregiver and the amount of medicines used by the elderly, in addition to professional training for the management of polypharmacy.
National Interests of the Russian Federation in the World Ocean: Legal Characteristics
Authors: Godovanik E. V.
Published: April 2023

In the paper, the author endeavours to form a comprehensive legal characterization of the national interests of the Russian Federation in the World Ocean consolidated in the new Maritime Doctrine approved by the Decree of the President of Russia dated 31 July 2022. The paper highlights a vital nature of the needs of the State and society that represent conceptual basis for the establishment and implementation of Russian national interests in the World Ocean. The author argues that national maritime interests should be understood as a complex and integral political and legal category of a dual nature, covering both interests in the peaceful use of living and non-living resources of the World Ocean, including commercial navigation and naval activities aimed, inter alia, at ensuring the economic and social interests of the state and society in the maritime sphere. The author highlights the importance of identifying vital, important and other areas (zones) for implementation of national interests. Also, attention is focused on the need for doctrinal development and improvement of a set of legal norms regarding maritime activities in the Azov-Black Sea basin. The paper substantiates a positive role and current activity of the representatives of the Sevastopol scientific School of Maritime Law in the formation and development of systemic legal regulation of the legal status and features of the use of the sea spaces of the Azov-Black Sea basin. In addition, the author analyzes the prospects for strengthening and promoting the national interests of the Russian Federation and qualifies a spatial sphere of their implementation that covers the entire World Ocean and the Caspian Sea. The paper proposes a systematic approach to implementation of national interests in the World Ocean based on an interconnected set of various legal characteristics including teleological; institutional; functional; formal-legal; vital; international law characteristics.
Properties of solutions for a class of parabolic hemivariational inequalities
Authors: Nguyen Thi Nhung
Published: April 2023

In this paper, we study a class of parabolic hemivariational inequalities in infinite dimensional spaces. We prove the solvability and the continuous dependence on initial conditions for this problem based on surjective lemma, monotone theory and estimates.
Using machine learning to identify influential factors and predict student academic performance in blended learning
Authors: Nguyen Thi Hong , Tran Hai Long , Do Trung Kien
Published: April 2023

This study aims to identify the factors that influence academic performance and use them to develop a predictive model for student academic achievement, in order to support the improvement of education quality. In previous studies, the selection and evaluation of factors were only conducted on online learning data. In this study, we propose using a selected set of attributes from experimental data collected both in face-to-face classes and on the online learning system at Hanoi National University of Education. To build the predictive model for academic performance, we employed two variable selection methods: one is to choose highly correlated variables, and the other is to use the Stepwise linear regression analysis. Furthermore, two machine learning algorithms, linear regression, and support vector regression were used to construct the predictive model. The experimental results show that the support vector regression model with a polynomial kernel function built from the Stepwise-selected variables is the most effective.
Assessment of the variation on maximum daily heat index in Ninh Binh city
Authors: Dao Ngoc Hung , Le Hanh Chi , Nguyen Quyet Chien , Cu Thi Phuong , Nguyen Thi Thu Hien , Vu Thuc Hien
Published: April 2023

This study was based on heat index (HI) to determine risk thresholds for warning heat stress to communities in Ninh Binh City. The study used correlation evaluation and regression equations, meteorological data for the period 1991 - 2021, and Vietnam climate change scenario data to calculate the maximum daily heat index (HImax) scenario for the country in the period 2024 - 2054. The results showed that, in the future, the trend of HImax will increase by 0.100 °C per year under the RCP 4.5 scenario (Medium Low greenhouse gases concentration scenario) and 0.105 °C per year under the RCP 8.5 scenario (High greenhouse gases concentration scenarios). The number of HImax days at dangerous levels will increase by about 1 day per year with both RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios. In particular, the number of HImax days at extreme danger levels, with the risk of causing stroke, in the period 2024 - 2054 appeared more than before, especially in the period 1941 - 2054, the trend increased sharply. In some last years of this period, the number of HImax days will be extremely dangerous up to 20 - 30 days.
Vu Gia - Thu Bon River bank erosion assessment (Quang Nam province) based on MIKE 21c model
Authors: Uong Dinh Khanh , Hoang Thanh Son , Vu Thi Thu Lan , Bui Anh Tuan , Le Duc Hanh , Vu Hai Dang , Trinh Xuan Quang , Tong Phuc Tuan
Published: April 2023

Riverbank erosion is increasingly causing negative impacts on the socio-economic development of Quang Nam province. The riverbank accretion-erosion is a natural phenomenon, reflecting the certain relationship between the flow and the channel’s characteristics through the sediment balance. Forecasting the evolution of erosion and accretion plays an important role in the sustainable development of the communities, agricultural sector as well as other sectors on both sides of the river in particular and the whole region in general. This paper presents the results of applying a set of MIKE models (MIKE11RR, HD, ST, and MIKE 21C) to simulate river bank evolution (erosion, accretion) under scenarios with 1%, 2%, 5%, and 10% flood frequencies. Comparison with the river’s bank changes in reality has shown that the simulation ability of the model is reliable enough, and suitable for the specific conditions of the Vu Gia - Thu Bon River basin. Calculation results have been mapped on the risk of riverbank erosion corresponding to flood frequency levels, and the model set also allows to extraction of accompanying information, which is the scientific basis for proposing adaptive solutions and damage reduction.
Língua - Sociedade - Cultura: uma relação indissociável
Authors: Furtado Clécia Maria Nóbrega Marinho , Carvalho Maria da Salete Figueiredo de , Dialectaquiz Maria do Socorro Burity , Pontes Maria das Neves Alcântara de
Published: April 2023

Este artigo versa sobre a interface língua / sociedade / cultura. Prescindindo do reconhecimento de que as culturas são enfocadas internamente, e, nelas, as relações de cunho linguístico devem ser entendidas sob as significações que assumem nas sociedades para as quais essas culturas são suporte. Com efeito, este foi o ponto de partida para o desenvolvimento das investigações sobre o modo de organização das línguas, das sociedades e suas culturas. Nessa perspectiva abordamos estudos que tratam do Relativismo linguístico e cultural, bem como sua evolução ─ desde J. G. Herder W. Von Humboldt ─, ancorados em estudos sócio-etnolinguísticos.
STUDY OF THE CELLULOLYTIC ACTIVITY OF A COLLECTION OF "FIELD" BACTERIAL CULTURES
Authors:   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Maiorov P.S. , Feoktistova N.A. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Lyashenko E.A. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Suldina E.V. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU
Published: April 2023

Decomposition of organic substances is widespread in all types of soils and plays an important role in the carbon cycle. The decomposition of cellulose plays a special role, since cellulose is the most common polysaccharide in plant residues and can be used by new plants in the form of simpler compounds. At the same time, the rate of decomposition of plant residues in the soil takes a considerable time and largely depends on the type of soil and its microbial composition. The use of individual most active microorganisms in the composition of biological products can increase soil fertility, especially in those areas where the original composition of the microflora does not contribute to the active decomposition of plant residues. In this study, the cellulolytic activity of various strains of microorganisms isolated from the soil was studied and compared. The objects of the study were a collection of 56 strains. The study of cellulolytic activity was carried out on nutrient media containing a cellulose source using congo dye ed. The obtained results showed a different level of cellulolytic activity in the studied strains. In some cases, there was an increase in activity with a decrease in the number of bacterial cells. 18 of 56 strains demonstrated cellulose degradation only within the limits of bacterial colony growth. According to the results of the studies, 6 strains of microorganisms with the largest zone of cellulolytic activity, reaching a radius of 15 mm around the grown colony, were noted. Among the most active strains, only one was Gram-negative bacteria, while the rest were gram-positive microorganisms.
Nosema disease is an actual problem of beekeeping
Authors:   FSBSI «Federal Research Center - All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine named after K.I. Scriabin and Ya.R. Kovalenko of the Russian Academy of Sciences», Khabarova A.V.
Published: April 2023

The article presents an information review on the infectious disease of bees – nosematosis. The features of the structure of the spore, the life cycle of development, transmission of infection are described, as well as methods of diagnosis, treatment, and prevention are displayed. Alternative methods of treatment and their effectiveness are shown. A decrease in the population of the honey bee (Apis mellifera) was noted. One of the reasons is an opportunistic infection of bees caused by microsporidia of the genus Nozema. Nosematosis occurs in most countries of the world. At the moment, three species of this parasite have been described in honey bees: N. aris, N. ceranae and N. neumanni. The most common are N. aris, N. ceranae. In 2011, Gisder et al. a model of tissue cell culture was developed, which made it possible to see the intracellular life cycle of these microsporidia. It is important for the preservation of the Apis mellifera population to study up-to-date information and look for new ways to combat this disease. Honey bees play an important role for humanity and are an integral part of biological diversity. Its work as a pollinator of agricultural crops and other plants cannot be overestimated.
RESULTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL TEST OF PILOT BLACK CURRANT VARIETY
Authors:   FSBSI ", Chebotok E. M. ,   Ural Federal Agrarian Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences"
Published: April 2023

The purpose of the study is replenishment of the assortment of black currant for the Volga-Vyatka region. The blackcurrant variety Pilot was bred in the conditions of the Middle Urals, at Sverdlovsk horticultural breeding station. It was obtained from free pollination of Valovaya variety. Pilot variety was tested in five regions of the Russian Federation - in the system of state variety testing and in various scientific and educational institutions under scientific cooperation agreements. The studies were carried out according to the "Program and Methodology for the Study of Fruit, Berry and Nut Crops" (Oryol, 1999). In 2021, Pilot variety deservedly replenished the assortment of black currant for cultivation in the Volga-Vyatka (4) region,it is also suitable for cultivation in other regions of the Russian Federation. Pilot variety can serve as a starting material for further improvement of the blackcurrant assortment. Brief morpho-biological description includes: the variety is winter-hardy, drought-resistant, high yield, in some years up to 240 dt/ha. The bush is medium or tall, semi-spreading;medium-term flowering, medium-late ripening of berries, self-fertility - 66%, a variety with high resistance to powdery mildew and bud mites. The leaves are little affected by septoria. Fruit raceme is medium. Berries are with an average weight of 1.5 g, maximum - 5 g, black, rounded, relatively one-dimensional. The taste is sweet and sour, the skin is dense, but not rough, the separation is dry. The nomenclature standards for blackcurrant varieties selected by Sverdlovsk Horticultural Breeding Station, including the Pilot variety (WIR-54127), included in the Herbarium of Cultivated Plants of the World, Their Wild Relatives and Weeds (WIR) have been published in co-authorship with the staff of FSBSIFederal Research Center All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources.
CONTAMINATION OF SEEDS AND PLANTS OF WHEAT WITH PHYTOPATOGENES OF FUSARIUM GENUS, METHODS OF RECOVERY
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution ", Zargaryan N. Yu. ,   Ural Federal Agrarian Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Kekalo A. Yu. ,   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Ural Federal Agrarian Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Nemchenko V. V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Ural Federal Agrarian Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences"
Published: April 2023

Widespread production of grain crops and rejection of classical tillage technology have led to a noticeable increase of harmfulness of phytopathogens. First of all, this appertains to facultative parasites with a wide specialization - Bipolaris spp., Fusarium spp., as well as to secondary fungi from Alternaria spp., Cladosporium spp., Penicillium spp. genera and others. There is a simultaneous change of dominance in microbial community of seeds obtained in the Trans-Urals. Fungi of Fusarium spp. genus occupied the leading place among the most harmful pathogens, placing Bipolaris sorokiniana Sacc. Shoem. to the background. F. oxysporum (Schleht) Snyd, F. graminearum Schwabe, F. sporotrichoides Sherb are most spread on spring wheat, both in the tillering phase and at milk-wax stage of grain ripeness. The abundance and diversity of species was significantly higher in the tillering phase than when counted at the end of the vegetation season. To reduce the spread and development of any phytopathogen, it is necessary to apply a set of measures. One of the most effective measures is pre-sowing disinfection of seeds. However, the proposed preparations are not all equally effective in suppressing the development of the fungus of Fusarium spp. genus. During the experiment, it was found that seed treatment fungicides from the class of benzimidazoles - Zim (carbendazim), mixtures of active substances from the classes of triazoles with imidazole - HYIP (triticonazole + prochloraz), and also two triazoles - Oplot (difenoconazole + tebuconazole) were distinguished by high activity from 5.2 to 7.5 units. Application of a microbiological preparation (Bacillus subtilis), as well as its mixtures with a reduced application rate of a chemical disinfectant, showed the absence or low inhibition of fungus mycelium development.
IN MEMORIA ESSAYS IN THE WORKS OF V. DANILENKO
Authors: Shevchenko T. M.
Published: April 2023

The article analyzes the genre features of the memorial essays as a separate type of essay. Emphasis is placed on the specifics of this work in comparison with the obituary and portrait essays while high lighting its place and role in modern writing. Some in memoria essays in the works of V. Danylenko, dedicated to N. Zborovska and Y. Gudz, have been specially studied. The role and specificity of a number of motives in these works, originality of titles, figurative characteristics, functions of details, polydiscursivity, etc. are emphasized. Conclusions are made about the inmemoria essayas a separate discursive practice, which arose as a result of a combination of several genres and discourses, endowed with special opportunities to create the image of the deceased and the image of the author at the same time.
COMMUNICATIVE STRATEGIES OF PRESIDENTIAL DISCOURSE (BASED ON SPEECHES BY V. ZELENSKY)
Authors: Zavalska L. V.
Published: April 2023

The research is performed in the linguopragmatic aspect, which involves the actualization of the communicative interaction of the speaker and the recipient in different types of discourse. The object of analysis was the presidential discourse as a manifestation of political discourse. The public speeches and addresses of the President of Ukraine Volodymyr Zelensky delivered in 2019-2021 are considered. The concept of communicative strategy as the main parameter of communicative interaction is defined and the approaches of linguists to this concept are generalized. The texts of presidential speeches are analyzed and the main communication strategies are singled out. A typology of strategies is proposed, which includes self-presentation, consolidation, agony, argumentation, discrediting, manipulativeness, authority, declarativeness, motivation and ritual. Each of the strategies is described based on illustrative material and characteristic features of the speaker's communicative behavior.
THE REPRESENTATION OF THE SEMANTIC FIELD ‘AGGRESSION’
Authors: Malysheva Mariia
Published: April 2023

The paper is dedicated to the definition of the semantic content of the lexeme ‘aggression’ on the basis of the comparative study of its dictionary definitions, the associative field and the discourse in the network.
The purpose of the research is to determine the semantic content of the lexeme ‘aggression’ on the basis of the comparative analysis of its dictionary definitions and associative field. The main tasks specified: 1) to form the lexical-semantic field of the lexeme ‘aggression’ on the basis of the dictionary definitions; 2) to develop the associative field of the lexeme-stimulus ‘aggression’ based on the based on the results of the associative experiment; 3) to expand the developed field structure according to the comparative analysis of the formed fields; 4) to clarify the structure of the lexical-semantic field ‘aggression’ using the material of the social media texts.
The object of the research is the semantic content of the lexeme ‘aggression’, and the subject is the lexico-semantic and associative fields of the said lexeme.
Lexicographic sources, the associative experiment and the Ukrainian-speaking segment of the social network Facebook as of 2021 serve as the main source base of the study.
At the first stage, the lexicographic sources were analyzed, and it was discovered that the interpretation of aggression as an armed attack of one state towards another is primary. However, modern dictionaries extend the meaning of this lexeme to the area of human relationships and the environment. It was established that the physical component of the concept of aggression prevails in the dictionaries of synonyms, while the lexeme-stimulus ‘aggression’ isn’t present in the associative dictionaries. Taking this into account, the core and the periphery of the lexical-semantic field ‘aggression’ were defined.
At the second stage, a linguistic associative experiment was carried out. The experiment involved 90 people, a total of 90 responses to the stimulus ‘aggression’ were obtained, 44 of which were unique. Based on those, the core and the periphery of the associative field ‘aggression’ were developed, taking into account the criteria of non-random association.
At the third stage, the lexical-semantic and the associative fields were compared, and it was discovered that the dictionary definitions of the lexeme ‘aggression’ only partially correlate with the resulting associates.
At the final stage, the discourse in the social networks was analyzed. Based on the comparative analysis of the vocabulary definitions, the associative experiment and the analysis of the social media texts, seven main lexical-semantic groups were identified, forming the lexical-semantic field of ‘aggression’: "Feelings", "Manifestation of feelings", "State of hostility", "Violent act", "Object of aggression", "Aggressor", "Colors".
The proposed structure is subjective, therefore the improvement of the given lexical-semantic field is considered the next top priority.
Community medicine clerkship amidst COVID-19 pandemic: re-designing, implementation, and evaluation
Authors:   Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah,Indonesia, Tyastuti Dwi , Kunarisasi Sity ,   Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah,Indonesia, Azwar Ahmad ,   Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah,Indonesia, Fadhillah Marita ,   Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah,Indonesia, Risahmawati Risahmawati ,   Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah,Indonesia, Ekayanti Fika ,   Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah,Indonesia
Published: April 2023

Clerkship on primary care and family medicine is multi-elemental and very challenging in amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. Some medical students have postponed their graduation because the clerkship at the health center cannot be carried out in a pandemic situation. This article aims to describe the community medicine clerkship (CMC) module and how the implementation amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. This module was delivered by online and offline activities from 10th August to 13th September 2020. A total of forty students, twelve faculty mentors, and fifteen PHC preceptors from ten PHCs in Tangerang District, Indonesia were involved. Students could carry out activities and fulfill assignments given in the midst of a pandemic with a re-designing of the CMC module. One-sample t-tests were run to determine whether scores of students participating in CMC module during the COVID-19 pandemic differed from normal and showed that individual and group scores were significantly different from normal. The findings of the study clearly indicate that all clinical clerkship modules must be redesigned to suit the current conditions. Modifications and variations of various learning methods, guidance techniques, monitoring and coordination are factors that should be considered in its implementing.
Podejście kalibracyjne w badaniach społeczno-ekonomicznych
Authors: Szymkowiak Marcin
Published: April 2023

Książka nawiązuje do dynamicznie rozwijającej się na całym świecie w badaniach reprezentacyjnych oraz spisach powszechnych metody kalibracji. Podjęta tematyka stanowi próbę wypełnienia dostrzegalnej luki badawczej i jest pierwszym całościowym spojrzeniem na poruszaną w niej problematykę. W polskiej literaturze przedmiotu brak jest bowiem kompleksowego opracowania poświęconego kalibracji. Ma to tym większe znaczenie, że kalibracja jako metoda estymacji będzie odgrywać w praktyce badań statystycznych coraz większą rolę. Podejście kalibracyjne przedstawiono z uwzględnieniem wieloletnich doświadczeń autora będących pokłosiem zastosowań tej techniki w praktyce badań statystycznych. Rozważono też możliwości wykorzystania tego podejścia w kontekście rozwoju statystyki publicznej w Polsce. Ukazano szeroki wachlarz zagadnień dotyczących kalibracji w badaniach z brakami odpowiedzi czy w spisach realizowanych metodą mieszaną. Analizie poddano także podejście funkcyjne w procesie wyznaczania wag kalibracyjnych, wspomagane modelem i w ujęciu hybrydowym. Prezentowana książka ma charakter metodologiczno-empiryczny, dotyczy zarówno teorii estymacji, jak i jej praktycznych zastosowań. W warstwie metodologicznej opisany został aktualny stan badań naukowych w obszarze kalibracji z uwzględnieniem szczegółowego przeglądu literatury, który może stanowić punkt wyjścia do rozważań dla innych autorów chcących zająć się prezentowaną problematyką. W warstwie empirycznej, korzystając z rzeczywistych danych pochodzących z badań realizowanych przez Główny Urząd Statystycznych, dokonano kompleksowej oceny wag i miar jakości rozważanych estymatorów kalibracyjnych oraz ich zastosowań w rynku pracy.
Resilience and Mentalities of Teachers from Romania Regarding the Usage and Efficiency of the E-Learning
Authors: Mitrea Geta
Published: April 2023

This paper focuses on the perceptions and mentalities of teachers from the public teaching system from Romania regarding the ways that they were into contact with the eLearning platforms due to COVID 19 pandemic period. Even though in Romania at that time, or in present there are no legal framework regarding the eLearning platforms for pupils. By exception from the National Ministry of Education from Romania, the eLearning platforms were considered a proper solution for Romanian system for teaching during COVID 19. Once with the end date of the alert situation for COVID 19, 8 March 2022, and after finding the advantages of eLearning system a law project proposal is in discussion for proper regulation.
The pilot study was focusing on semi-structured interview and participatory observation of the 39 teachers from public national system from Romania (North East and Bucharest-Ilfov development areas). They act from the first level of education, – kindergarten, continuing with primary school, elementary school, high school and until the final level, - meaning, university.
The result of our pilot study reveals the fact that there are two types of teachers that use eLearning system, the `active` and `passive` type. Each of them have their own characteristics and were resilient to change because of lack of abilities for eLearning and not having references points from where to start. Step by step they became more self-confident and take into consideration to include in the future the eLearning system into their onsite future teaching method.
Los conflictos por el agua entre gobiernos regionales : retos para la formación de los Consejos de Recursos Hídricos
Authors: Oré María Teresa
Published: April 2023

A inicios del presente siglo, el Perú ha venido experimentando una serie de cambios institucionales orientados a establecer nuevos mecanismos de gestión del agua. En este contexto, se promulgó la Ley de Recursos Hídricos, ley 29338, que introdujo el enfoque de la Gestión Integrada de los Recursos Hídricos (GIRH) con la finalidad de establecer un marco institucional que fomente el uso multisectorial, eficiente y participativo del agua a nivel nacional, regional y local. La ejecución de este nuevo modelo ha encontrado problemas de índole social y política, que se presentan como serios retos y desafíos para la Autoridad Nacional del Agua (ANA).
Verdad, consenso y tolerancia : la incomodidad de "el lugar del otro"
Authors: Muguerza Javier
Published: April 2023

Un colega de mi país, y sin embargo amigo, ha trazado el siguiente «mapa conceptual» del tema de la tolerancia, en el que reconocidamente es un experto: «La tolerancia está de moda. La intolerancia, ciertamente, también. Así como discutir acaloradamente sobre los límites de lo tolerable o de lo intolerable [ ... ] Los debates se suceden y, con ellos, nuestras perplejidades aumentan. Hay quien opina que es progresista ser tolerante con las diferencias culturales y quien sostiene (arguyendo idénticas razones) que el multiculturalismo es reaccionario. Hay quien cree que la tolerancia con los intolerantes es un deber moral y quien esgrime que semejante tolerancia no es sino barbarie. Hay quien afirma que la tolerancia prudencial es insuficiente cuando se aplica a inmigrantes fundamentalistas y excesiva cuando se habla de la extrema derecha, o viceversa. O quien reivindica que la tolerancia implica dejar hacer, o indiferencia, o respeto a lo diferente, o neutralidad frente a opciones de vida igualmente válidas (o inválidas), o[ ... ] Tenemos, como puede verse, de todo menos claridad. O quizás no. La confusión, al menos, es clarísima»1. Por lo que a mí respecta, no quisiera contribuir más de la cuenta a aumentar tal confusión. Y, lejos de tomar la invitación a hablar del «estado de la cuestión» como una autorización para extenderme en la prolijidad de sus detalles, me limitaré en lo que sigue a echar mano con exclusividad de un buen ejemplo que nos ayude a comprenderlo. Consiga o no consiga mi propósito en el tiempo de que dispongo para ello, el ejemplo elegido me parece lo suficientemente bueno como para que merezca la pena que centremos en él la discusión.
Circunstancias morales : tolerar y aceptar
Authors: Cordua Carla
Published: April 2023

La filosofía suele situar el discurso moral, sin cuestionarlo, en los actos de las personas, esto es, en las conductas atribuibles a sujetos individuales. Este enfoque familiar, determinado por el interés en la responsabilidad, tiene una innegable justificación. Lo hemos heredado de la tradición y está incorporado al sentido común de la civilización cristiana. Tal punto de vista sobre el asunto de lo moral admite que se lo extienda a las actitudes y costumbres de los agentes. Pero ha solido excluir la consideración de circunstancias que por diversos motivos adquieren para nosotros un sentido específicamente moral. Nuestra condición cismundana, por ejemplo, uno de los contextos amplios de toda conducta posible, no es nunca examinada desde el punto de vista de su relevancia moral. Que los sujetos morales tengamos una sola existencia y que ella habrá de desarrollarse precisamente aquí en la tierra, tal circunstancia, por inesquivable, parece no necesitar escrutinio de ninguna clase. Sin embargo, tanto nuestra mortalidad como nuestra existencia terrena son el horizonte1 constante del sentido que posee el ejercicio de la libertad implicado por la acción moral. Cuando en el siglo pasado se dijo «estamos condenados a ser libres» se mencionaba un rasgo decisivo de nuestra condición. Muy pocos vivimos esta vida como preparación para otra o como antecedente para ganar la eternidad. Declaramos que sería sensato mirar más allá de la oportunidad singular y situada aquí de que disponemos, pero no asumimos esta perspectiva debido a las urgencias y las sorpresas del vivir sin ensayo previo. Una moral centrada en la responsabilidad por los actos ocurre en el marco de condiciones generales de la acción que la teoría pasa por alto.
De la intolerancia de la violencia a la intolerancia política
Authors: Hoyos Vásquez Guillermo
Published: April 2023

Hace unos años Débora Arango, famosa pintora colombiana de 96 años, con la ingenuidad digna del Kant de La paz perpetua, envió palomas al presidente de los colombianos. Este, con el rigor digno del Leviatán, le contestó que le enviara más bien un fusil. Débora con su estilo impresionista le pintó un fusil. Se declaró entonces que es el primer fusil no oficial que entra al palacio de los presidentes.
Por una sociedad del conocimiento democrática, justa y plural
Authors: Olivé León
Published: April 2023

El término «sociedad del conocimiento» suele despertar desconfianza entre muchas personas filosóficamente sensibles. ¿Acaso no es el conocimiento indispensable en toda sociedad humana?, ¿acaso puede sobrevivir una persona o una sociedad por un cierto tiempo, cualquiera que sea su ambiente, sin cierto tipo de conocimiento? Así, toda sociedad humana es una sociedad del conocimiento. Pero algunos dirían que todo depende de cómo entendamos el conocimiento. Si lo entendemos como creencia verdadera y justificada no es tan claro que sea necesario en toda sociedad. Quizá, más bien, lo que toda sociedad humana necesita son solo creencias verdaderas. Otros más reticentes responderían que ni siquiera eso, sino que basta con creencias que permitan realizar ciertas acciones intencionales con relativo éxito. A lo cual no faltaría quien replicara que la verdad de una creencia no es sino su capacidad de guiar acciones exitosas. Y así nos sumiríamos inmediatamente en un debate de los que suelen gustar a los filósofos.
Sobrevivir al Holocausto : testigos de la intolerancia
Authors: González José M.
Published: April 2023

Para Giorgio Agamben, «campo» es todo espacio en que se suspende el orden jurídico habitual y el poder soberano ejerce o puede ejercer una violencia irrestricta sobre el cuerpo, todo espacio en que el individuo se encuentra en manos no del derecho, sino de la arbitrariedad, del azar, la casualidad, la suerte o la Fortuna1. En este sentido, los campos se han multiplicado a lo largo del siglo :xx: los campos de concentración del final de la Guerra Civil española dentro del propio país (como el campo de los almendros narrado por Max Aub ), o los campos de internamiento del sur de Francia para los republicanos que consiguieron cruzar la frontera, los campos nazis de trabajo y exterminio, el Gulag soviético, los campos de Vietnam, los organizados por las dictaduras militares del cono sur (el estadio nacional de Santiago o la tristemente famosa Escuela de Mecánica de la Armada de Buenos Aires), los campos de refugiados de África o del Oriente medio, los campos de la antigua Yugoslavia o los campos de la emigración actual como el estadio de Bari en el que la policía italiana amontonó a los emigrantes albaneses, los campos de las dos guerras de Irak o la base de Guantánamo, etcétera, etcétera
La antidisciplinaridad en el saber andino
Authors: Ruiz César Leonidas
Published: April 2023

La presente ponencia realiza un acercamiento preliminar a los saberes andinos desde una perspectiva que fractura las concepciones epistemológicas que han sido utilizadas para explicar cómo accedemos al conocimiento; así también cuestiona de forma abierta lo universalmente aceptado: que el conocimiento científico es válido siempre que cumpla con los presupuestos de la ciencia occidental.
La esclavitud de los negros en la Colonia : Diego de Avendaño y Luis de Molina
Authors: Muñoz García Angel
Published: April 2023

Según Angel Losada, el dictamen ético que Avendaño da en su Thesaurus Indicus acerca de la esclavitud de los negros influyó decisivamente para que las Cortes europeas abolieran tal esclavitud1 . No entraremos ahora a discutir este aspecto. Lo cierto es que nuestro autor es uno de los pocos en abordar decididamente el tema y uno de los que más espacio le dedica, convencido de que «se trata de un asunto de tal modo riesgoso para las conciencias cristianas que, de ceñirse a las normas de la justicia, apenas habrá algo en lo que puedan estar totalmente tranquilas en tales contratos»2 . El autor al que Avendaño parece dar más crédito en este tema es el también jesuita Luis de Molina, quien según el autor del Thesaurus, «estudió el asunto con sumo cuidado al escribir respecto a los portugueses»3 . No es de extrañar, ciertamente, que vinculado Molina a la Corona española por nacimiento, y conocedor de cómo manejaba el asunto la portuguesa, por haber desempeñado su labor docente en Coimbra, no solo tuviera especial interés en emitir opinión al respecto, sino que habremos de pensar también que estuvo en mejores circunstancias que otros autores para poder opinar.
Alejandro Octavio Deustua ante la condición humana
Authors: Rengifo Vela Saúl
Published: April 2023

Hijo de don Remigio Deustua y de doña Teodora Escarza, Alejandro Octavio Deustua Escarza nació el 22 de marzo de 1849 en la ciudad de Huancayo. En 1868 ingresó a la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, donde, en brillante sucesión, optó los grados de Bachiller (1870), Licenciado (1871) y Doctor en Letras (1872) e inmediatamente los de Bachiller (1872), Licenciado y Doctor en Jurisprudencia, llegando incluso a recibirse en 1875 como abogado.