bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Las remuneraciones impactan positivamente en el compromiso organizacional mediante el empowerment piscológico en docentes de instituciones públicas (The remunerations positively impact on the organizational commitment through the psychological empowertment in public institutions teachers))
Authors: Treviño Reyes Rosalba , Segovia Romo Adriana , Alvarado Lagunas Elías , Guerra Rodríguez Pablo
Published: July 2021

Actualmente se vive una realidad preocupante, ya que el 79% de los empleados en cada empresa no están comprometidos con su trabajo. Las organizaciones de hoy están tratando de conseguir el 100% de sus resultados en un entorno altamente competitivo, lleno de amenazas y obstáculos, donde la remuneración económica dejó de ser el aspecto más importante para los empleados. Con los cambios económicos y sociales que se viven actualmente, las organizaciones ahora no sólo se preocupan por lograr la competitividad y excelentes resultados, sino que enfrentan nuevos desafíos relacionados con el capital humano. La presente investigación analiza las remuneraciones, el empowerment psicológico y el compromiso organizacional en docentes de instituciones públicas de educación media superior. Aunado a ello se enfatiza en el contexto actual del problema, la revisión de literatura, la metodología que se siguió a través de la elaboración del instrumento de medición, la validez de contenido y la recolección de datos que se analizaron bajo un modelo de mediación. Se utilizó un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales como método de análisis. Se encontró que los resultados avalan la relación positiva entre las remuneraciones y el compromiso organizacional mediante el empowerment psicológico, por lo que no se rechaza la hipótesis planteada.
Factores clave de rendimiento para optimizar costos en proyectos de empresas manufactureras en Tecate, B.C. México: Una identificación mediante Análisis Factorial y Rho de Spearman
Authors: Reyes Mendoza M.A. Angelica , Rositas Martínez Dr. Juan , Cortés Alejandro Dr. Klender Aimer , Tamez Garza Dr. Silverio
Published: July 2021

El propósito de esta investigación fue determinar los factores mediante los indicadores clave de rendimiento, conocido por sus siglas en inglés Key Performance Indicators (KPI) y su impacto en la optimización de costos en proyectos. Se muestra un enfoque cuantitativo, descriptivo-correlacional, con diseño no experimental, de corte transversal, la unidad de análisis fue; empresas medianas manufactureras de Tecate, Baja California, México, se realizaron 31 encuestas a gerentes de proyectos. Las variables fueron; factores clave de rendimiento (independiente) y optimización de costos (dependiente). A través del análisis factorial, fue posible determinar 11 indicadores que explicaron el 81.741% de los 26, agrupándolos en 4 factores: F1.Factor de Desempeño del Proceso, F2.Factor de Riesgos y Problemas, F3.Factor Organizacional y F4.Factor Ambiental. Posteriormente mediante el análisis de correlación de Rho Spearman, se encontró una correlación significativa positiva media del F3.Factor Organizacional con las cuatro dimensiones de la variable independiente. El F2.Factor de Riesgos y Problemas, con la dimensión Y3.Determinar el Presupuesto y con Y4.Control de Costos. El F4.Factor Ambiental con la dimensión Y3.Determinar el Presupuesto de 0.573** y en Y1.Estimación de Costo de 0.427*. Solo el F1. Factor de Desempeño del Proceso, no tuvo ninguna correlación significativa con la variable dependiente. En consecuencia, se rechazó la hipótesis nula donde se dijo que la optimización de costos en los proyectos no depende de los factores clave de rendimiento y se aceptó la hipótesis de investigación en la cual se planteó que los factores clave de rendimiento tiene un impacto positivo en la optimización de costos.
Second foreign language learning strategies and their variations across language proficiency levels among Iranian EFL learners
Authors: Pazhakh A.
Published: July 2021

Abstract. The present study has attempted to determine weather there is any relationship between language learning strategies employed by language learners, and if so what relationship exists between them. Furthermore, it has tried to investigate what effective and useful strategies the learners employ while learning English as a foreign language correspondent with their proficiency levels. A simulated TOEFL (REA, 1993) test was initially administered to classify the learners into three classes of proficiency levels. Oxford‟s Strategy Inventory, SILL, (Oxford, 1990) was used to determine the frequency of the language learning strategies applied by learners. The results of this study provide confirmation of previous research findings concerning the direct relationship between language learning strategies and language proficiency level, and represent the types of the strategies adopted by advanced, intermediate and elementary language learners. The implications of this study are to suggest both the metacognitive compensatory strategies, the most frequent strategies employed by advanced learners be instructed to the language learners in order to upgrade their proficiency level.Key Words: EFL, proficiency, second foreign languageResumen. Este estudio se intenta determinar la relación entre las estrategias empleadas para aprendizaje del idioma. Además, trata de ver qué estrategias útiles se usan para el aprendizaje correspondiente con la competencia de los idiomas. Un test simulado de TOEFL (REA, 1993) fue utilizado. El inventario de estrategia de Oxford (Oxford, 1990) fue usado para estimar la frecuencia de estas estrategias. Estos resultados como los anteriores sobre este tema confirman una relación directa entre estas estrategias y los niveles de la competencia y además, presentan los tipos de estrategias adoptadas por los niveles avanzados, intermedios y básicos. Resultados sugieren el uso de estrategias compensatorias mego-cognoscitivas para los niveles avanzados de los aprendices para elevar el nivel de competencia.Palabras claves: Competencia, EFL, segundo idioma extranjera
Permanencia y evolución de la cultura laboral en México. El marco de referencia o modelo mental de trabajadores en organizaciones mexicanas.
Authors: Mendoza Joel
Published: July 2021

Key words: Associative group analysis, frame of reference or mental model, Mexican work culture, permanence and evolutionAbstract: In this paper, the results of a study about the permanence and evolution of Mexican work culture are presented, by utilizing the frame of reference or mental model of workers in Mexican organizations. To obtain this frame of reference the method of Associative Group Analysis was used. Through the comparison of the study of these workers’ frame of reference or mental model with other related studies, results are presented about thepermanence and evolution of work culture among the duality tradition-modernity. The conclusions of the study back up an evolution of Mexican work culture.Palabras Clave: Análisis asociativo grupal, cultura laboral mexicana, marco de referencia o modelo mental, permanencia y evoluciónResumen: En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de un estudio sobre la permanencia y evolución de la cultura laboral mexicana, utilizando el marco de referencia o la forma de pensar de trabajadores de organizaciones mexicanas sobre el trabajo. Este marco de referencia fue obtenido mediante la metodología del Análisis Asociativo Grupal (AAG). Mediante la comparación de este marco de referencia o modelo mental con otros estudios relacionados al aspecto laboral, se presentan estos resultados sobre la permanencia y evolución de la cultura laboral en la dualidad tradición-modernidad. Las conclusiones obtenidas respaldan la evolución de la cultura laboral.
Kentteki Konum ve Ulaşımlarına Bağlı Olarak Stadyumların İklim Değişikliğine Etkisi: Türkiye Örneği
Authors: BÜLBÜL Ece , YAMAÇLI Ruşen
Published: July 2021

Dünya Meteoroloji Örgütü 2019 yılına kadarki son 10 yılın dünya tarihinin en sıcak 10 yılı olduğunu açıklamıştır. Küresel ısınmanın sonucu olarak iklim de değişime uğramaktadır. Küresel iklim değişikliğine negatif etkide bulunan ve her geçen gün olumsuz etkisini hızlandıran sektörlerden biri ulaşımdır. Ulaşım sektörü, atmosferdeki sera gazı emisyonunun %23’lük bölümünü oluşturmaktadır. Atmosfere salınan sera gazının büyük çoğunluğunu CO2 gazı oluşturmaktadır. CO2 gazı miktarının artışı ise sıcaklık artışına, kuraklığa, buzulların erimesine, deniz suyu seviyesinin artmasına, sellere ve aşırı yağışlara neden olmaktadır. Atmosferdeki CO2 gazı seviyesinin artışına neden olan en büyük etmen insanların yapmış olduğu faaliyetlerdir. İnsan kaynaklı CO2 gazı üretiminin önemli bir kısmını ulaşım sektörü oluşturmaktadır. Tüm dünyada olduğu gibi Türkiye’de de futbol en fazla ilgi gösterilen spor dalıdır. Bu nedenle futbolun oynandığı stadyum yapıları da aynı derecede öneme sahiptir. Avrupa Futbol Şampiyonası, UEFA Şampiyonlar Ligi, Olimpiyat Oyunları gibi uluslararası organizasyonların düzenleneceği ülke konusunda yapılacak seçimlerde stadyumların sahip olduğu UEFA, FIFA, yeşil bina sertifikası kriterleri önemli olmaktadır. Bu kriterler enerji, su tasarrufu, geri dönüşüm gibi maddelerin yanı sıra bu çalışmanın konusu da olan stadyumların konumu ve ulaşımından oluşmaktadır. Bu noktada ulaşıma yılın belirli zamanlarında yüksek oranda katılım gösteren stadyumların kentteki konumuna dikkat çekmek gerekir. Bu çalışmada İzmir Atatürk Stadyumu, Konya Büyükşehir Belediye Stadyumu ve İstanbul Atatürk Olimpiyat Stadyumu’nun kentteki konumları ulaşım açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Bu değerlendirme sonucunda; stadyumların kent merkezinin dışında, otoyol ve ulaşım hatlarına yakın olacak şekilde tasarlanması ile atmosfere etki eden CO2 emisyonunun ulaşım kaynaklı etkisinin azalacağı tespit edilmiştir.
A Framework for Comparative Evaluation of the Life Cycle Sustainability of Modular and Conventional Buildings
Authors: Kamali Mohammad , Hewage Kasun
Published: July 2021

In recent decades, the construction industry has experienced the process of industrialization and off-site construction methods have been used as a substitute for their conventional on-site counterparts. Off-site construction is defined as a process, in which building elements and components are manufactured and preassembled off the construction site, in a factory environment, before their installation on the final project location. Modular construction is one of the main methods of off-site construction that can be applied to diverse types of buildings, ranging from a small residential building to a complicated commercial project. The published technical literature indicates that modular buildings offer numerous benefits that can effectively contribute to the sustainability in construction. However, there is a lack of comparative studies, which comparatively analyzed the life cycle sustainability performance of modular and conventional buildings. This paper proposes a life cycle sustainability assessment (LCSA) framework based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), which is one of the multicriteria decision making (MCDM) techniques. This framework evaluates and compares the life cycle sustainability of modular and conventional buildings by addressing all the key sustainability dimensions, i.e., environmental, economic, and social. Different components of the proposed framework and the potential outcomes of its application are presented in this paper.
Pembentukan Kader Jumantik Cilik dalam Upaya Pencegahan Demam Berdarah di SDN, Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Sungai Ambawang
Authors: Widyastutik Otik , Suprabowo Agung , Atika Deli , Syafitra Firiandi , Testiani Yulsi
Published: July 2021

DBD atau Demam Berdarah Dengue adalah salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang menjadi perhatian dalam penanganan dan pengendalian program kesehatan di wilayah kerja pusat kesehatan masyarakat. Kegiatan intervensi ini dilakukan sebagai bentuk kontribusi terhadap perbaikan pengetahuan dan sikap masyarakat terkait DBD melalui edukasi kesehatan. Kegiatan intervensi dilakukan dengan metode pendidikan kesehatan masyarakat dimana aktivitas ini nantinya akan memberikan informasi tentang DBD serta memberdayakan masyarakat dengan melakukan penguatan terhadap masyarakat dan pihak tekait. Harapan dari kegiatan ini adalah meningkatnya pengetahuan, kesadaran, dan keterampilan masyarakat mengenai upaya pencegahan penyakit DBD sehingga Angka Kejadian DBD dapat menurun. Hasil kegiatan intervensi yang dilakukan pada beberapa program menunjukkan peningkatan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang upaya pencegahan dan pengendalian penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue. Rekomendasi kepada pihak terkait adalah lebih mengintesifkan kegiatan promotif dan preventif seperti pemantauan jentik berkala, serta bagi masyarakat melakukan kegiatan rutin 3M plus dan pelaksanaan PSN–DBD secara mandiri dan teratur.
Analysis Method of Lactoferrin Based on Uncoated Capillary Electrophoresis
Authors: Chen Hui , Wang Zhenyu , Fan Fengjiao , Shi Pujie , Xu Xianbing , Du Ming , Wang Cong
Published: July 2021

The analysis of lactoferrin separation will be an important application in prospect. To develop a new strategy for the detection of lactoferrin, this work adopted the method of uncoated Capillary Electrophoresis (CE), through optimizing the parameters of background electrolyte, pH, surfactant, buffers of the system solution. The optimum lactoferrin separation by CE is 50 mM phosphates buffer added 6M urea. In positive voltage, lactoferrin was separated by CE at pH 4.0. In reverse voltage, lactoferrin can also be separated at pH 10.0 with 50 mM ammonium ace. The auxiliary air pressure was got involved to decrease the absorption by silica capillary through a range of gradient intensity of air pressure. By comparison with 1.2, 1.5 and 1.8 psi, the pressure of 0.5 psi can significantly alleviate the absorption. The best detection conditions of lactoferrin were obtained, which are pH 4.0, 50 mM phosphates with 6M urea, 0.5 psi auxiliary air pressure with the limit of quantification at 0.04 mg/mL and the limit of detection at 0.01 mg/mL. Finally, lactoferrin can be quantitatively detected well and effectively, which the standard curve is y = 117807x + 3018.61374.
IMPLEMENTASI MANAJEMEN AUDIT SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA UNTUK MENCAPAI PENINGKATAN EFISIENSI DAN EFEKTIVITAS USAHA SERTA KINERJA MANAJEMEN
Authors: Hidayat Widi
Published: July 2021

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KEBIJAKSANAAN APBD DAN KESEJAHTERAAN MASYARAKAT DI PROVINSI SULAWESI SELATAN
Authors: Kusreni Sri
Published: July 2021

Study on the policy of APBD and its implication toward the welfare of people in South Sulawesi is aimed at analyzing and searching the influence of local fiscal capacity, capital expenditure and budgeting toward the welfare of the people. Data of this study is quantitatively analyzed by regression. The result points up that: (1) local fiscal capacity and allocation of capital expenditure have positive correlation and significant influence toward the welfare of the people; (2) budgeting has negative correlation and insignificant influence toward the welfare of the people; (3) 23.1 percent of the welfare of the people is significantly influenced by the variables of the policy of APBD, while the rest is influenced by other variables outside the model; and (4) fiscal capacity has larger influence toward the welfare of the people than local capital expenditure.Â Keywords: Â Â Â Â Â  fiscal capacity, local government expenditure, budgeting and welfare.
FAKTOR PENANGULANGAN TERJADINYA WASTE PADA PROYEK KONSTRUKSI DI SURABAYA
Authors: Beatrix Michella , Rochmah Nurul , Sarya Gede , Dwijayanto Pebru
Published: July 2021

AbstractLarge and small scale construction projects have waste that cannot be predicted in advance, even the amount cannot be predicted directly, whether it is in large or small amounts. The existence of waste can have a significant impact that can affect construction costs. Waste can have both negative and positive impacts. Good waste management will have a positive impact on the company in terms of cost, even time, and quality, but if the waste that occurs cannot be handled or managed properly it will harm the company in terms of cost, time, and even in terms of quality. In this case, the party that always gets the impact of the waste is the contractor.This study focuses on mitigating the occurrence of waste that is how to minimize it. Thisstudy uses the distribution of questionnaires to the contractor in Surabaya. The results of this study are 5 item indicators on how to minimize the highest ranking. The 5 items are Updating material requirements, Mixing, transporting, and placing concrete at the right time, Increasing the competence and expertise of labor, Provision of good and adequate material/warehouse storage facilities, and accurate material measurement.  Abstrak Proyek konstruksi dalam skala besar maupun kecil, memiliki waste yang tidak dapat diprediksi sebelumnya, bahkan jumlahnya pun tidak dapat diprediksi secara langsung, apakah itu dalam jumlah besar ataupun jumlah yang kecil. Adanya waste dapat memberikan dampak yang signifikan yang dapat mempengaruhi biaya konstruksi. Pada dasarnya waste dapat memberikan dampak negatif maupun positif. Pengelolaan waste yang baik akan memberikan dampak positif bagi perusahaan dalam segi biaya, bahkan waktu dan mutu, namun apabila waste yang terjadi tidak dapat diatasi atau dikelola dengan baik maka akan memberikan dampak negatif bagi perusahaan dalam segi biaya, waktu bahkan dalam hal mutu. Dalam hal ini pihak yang selalu mendapatkan dampak dari adanya waste adalah pihak kontraktorPenelitian ini memfokuskan pada faktor penanggulangan terjadinya waste yaitu cara meminimalisirnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan penyebaran kuisioner kepada pihak kontraktor di Surabaya. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah 5 item indicator cara meminimalisir yang memiliki ranking tertinggi. 5 item tersebut adalah Updating kebutuhan material, Mencampur, mengangkut dan menempatkan beton pada waktu yang tepat, Meningkatkan kompetensi dan keahlian tenaga kerja, Penyediaan fasilitas penyimpanan material/gudang yang baik dan memadai, dan Pengukuran bahan yang akurat.
EVALUASI LEVEL KINERJA GEDUNG 6 LANTAI DENGAN METODE NON-LINEAR TIME HISTORY ANALYSIS
Authors: Rochmah Nurul , Beatrix Michella , Sutriono Bantot
Published: July 2021

AbstractIndonesia is a ring of fire area where earthquakes frequently occur. By realizing this, buildings in Indonesia need to calculate earthquake loads based on SNI 03-1726-2019 to minimize victims due to building collapse when earthquakes occur.It is also necessary to evaluate the performance level of a building, in this case a 6-storey building located in the Malang area. For determining the level of performance, a method called Non-Linear Time History Analysis is used. In this calculation used San Fernando, Kobe and Landers ground motion.Based on the results from the evaluation using the Non-Linear Time History method got the maximum drift story 0.137 m that occurs in Kobe ground motion. So that the maximum total drift Dt / H is 0.137 / 21.95 = 0.0063 <0.01. Based on these results, the building performance level includes IO (Immediate Occupancy).  AbstrakIndonesia termasuk daerah ring of fire dimana suatu daerah yang sering terjadi gempa. Dengan menyadari hal tersebut, bangunan-bangunan yang ada di Indonesia perlu memperhitungkan beban gempa yang ada berdasarkan SNI 03-1726-2019 untuk meminimalisir korban akibat keruntuhan bangungan yang terjadi akibat gempa. Karena itu perlu juga untuk mengevaluasi level kinerja suatu gedung dalam hal ini gedung 6 lantai yang terletak di daerah Malang. Pada gedung ini untuk dapat diketahui level kinerjanya, maka, digunakan metode yang bernama Non-Linear Time History Analisis. Ground motion yang dipakai adalah San Fernando, Kobe dan LandersBerdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh dari evaluasi dengan metode Non-Linear Time History Analisis ini adalah maximum drift story terbesar adalah 0,137 m yang terjadi pada ground motion Kobe. Sehingga Maximum total driftnya Dt/H adalah 0,137/21,95 =0,0063<0,01. Berdasar hasil tersebut lever kinerja gedung termasuk IO (Immediate Occupancy).
PERENCANAAN POLA TANAM PADA JARINGAN IRIGASI GANGSIRAN DESA TEBEL KABUPATEN JOMBANG
Authors: Saves Faradlillah
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe availability ofiwateriin the jombang area tends to be uneven because it is influenced by the rain and dry season. This makes the implementation of the cropping pattern in the village of Tebel Bareng district not in accordance with the available water availability, to obtain maximum production a goog irrigation system management is required. By conducting an analysis to determine the value of the monthly reliable discharge with the transformation of monthly rainfall data, water requirements and cropping patterns are expectedito be able to overcome problems that occur in the existing irrigation network in Tebel village Bareng sub-district Jombang district. To find out the average rainfalliusingitheialgebraic averageimethod with 10 years of rainfall data, then to find out the evapotranspiration is calculated using the penman method and reliable discharge calculations using the FJ Mock method. From the results of the analysis on the village irrigation in Tebel the reliable discharge value is 0,0165 m³/sec. Analysis of rrigation water needs was carried out using 24 alternatives. TheiNFR value of 88,29 mm/day was converted to 0,001021875 m³/sec or 10,022 l/sec. The alternative used is the 24 th alternative with the initial planting period in December II period. The cropping pettern used is paddy-paddy-secondary crops.AbstrakKetersediaan air didaerah jombang cenderung tidak merata karena dipengaruhi oleh musim hujan dan kemarau. Hal itu membuat pelaksanaan pola tanam di desa Tebel Kecamatan Bareng tidak sesuai dengan ketersediaan air yang ada, sehinga untuk mendapatkan hasil produksi yang maksimal diperlukan sebuah pengelolahan sistem irigasi yang baik. Dengan melakukan analisis untuk mengetahui nilai debit andalan bulanan dengan transformasi data curah hujan bulanan, kebutuhan air dan pola tata tanam diharapkan mampu mengatasi masalah yang terjadi pada jaringan irigasi yang ada di Desa Tebal Kecamatan Bareng Kabupaten Jombang. Untuk mengetahui curah hujan rata-rata menggunakan metode rata-rata aljabar dengan data curah hujan 10 tahun, lalu untuk mengetahui evapotranspirasi dihitung menggunakan metode penman dan perhitungan debit andalan diperoleh dengan menggunakan metode FJ. Mock. Dari hasil analisis pada daerah irigasi desa Tebel diperoleh nilai debit andalan sebesar 0,0165 m³/detik. Analisis kebutuhan air irigasi dilakukan menggunakan 24ialternatif Didapat nilai NFR sebesar 88,29 mm/hari dikonversikan menjadi 0,001021875 m³/detik atau 10,022 lt/detik. Alternatifiyang digunakan adalah alternatifike 24 dengan masa awal tanam pada Desember priode II. Pola tanam yang digunakan adalah padi-padi-palawija.
ANALISIS KESULITAN DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA MENGENAI MATERI BILANGAN BULAT DI KALANGAN SD PADA MASA PANDEMI
Authors: Mahmuda Adzra Afifah , Astuti Maylinda Dwi , Mikdadi Akmal Hisyam , Saputra Achmad Ryan Ma'sum , Darmadi Darmadi
Published: July 2021

Filsafat ilmu dan Pendidikan memiliki peran yang besar dalam membentuk karakteristik media pembelajaran matematika. Dalam filsafat ini terdapat beberapa aspek dan dimensi yang menjadi landasan pembuatan media pembelajaran matematika yaitu aspek ide dan fakta, serta dimensi abstrak dan konkret baik secara teoritis maupun praktis. Dalam pembelajaran matematika sedikit banyaknya siswa yang masih kesulitan dalam belajar berhitung dan kekeliruan dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita, apalagi dimasa pandemi COVID-19. Maka dampak pandemi COVID-19 ini siswa menjadi kesulitan menerima Pendidikan karakter secara langsung dari guru-gurunya di sekolah. Kesulitan yang sering dialami oleh siswa yaitu kebingungan saat menentukan operasi hitung yang akan dipakai dan kesulitan saat mengerjakan soal cerita karena kurang mampu memahami maksud soal. Maka tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis kesulitan siswa SD kelas IV dalam menyelesaikan soal operasi bilangan bulat dan solusi pemecahannya. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IV semester genap Sekolah Dasar Negeri 01 Kartoharjo Kota Madiun Jawa Timur. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah tes tertulis dan wawancara. Bedasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa kesulitan siswa dalam pembelajaran Operasi Bilangan Bulat, siswa masih belum mampu mengerjakan dengan baik, masih kuang teliti dalam mengerjakan, dan masih terkesan sangat buru-buru. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, alternatif yang diberikan pada saat penelitian adalah memberikan bimbingan untuk memaknai isi dari soal yang diberikan, setelah siswa dapat memaknai isi dari soal kemudian siswa diminta untuk menyelesaikan soal tersebut.
Analysis on knowledge level of recommended plant protection technologies in areca nut (Areca catechu) cultivation in Salem district of Tamil Nadu
Authors: Mohanraj V. , Velusamy R. , Prabakaran K. , Beaulah A.
Published: July 2021

Areca nut (Areca catechu) is one of the important cash crops in India. India ranks first in terms of area and production of areca nut and accounts of 54.07 per cent of its world production. The harvesting of nuts commence on the Tamil month of ‘Thai’ (Mid-January to Mid-February) and spread over six months in carrying out the post-harvest practices and marketing of nuts. This study was purposively conducted in Salem district 2018-2019 and occupies first position in area (2,421 hectares) of areca nut in Tamil Nadu. The Peddanackenpalyam, Valapddy, Gengavalli and Attur blocks were selected based on the 87.28 per cent of the area under areca nut in this district with a sample size of 120 areca nut farmers selected by using a proportionate random sampling technique. Most of the respondents (80.00 per cent) had knowledge level of medium to high level of knowledge on the recommended plant protection technologies in areca nut cultivation. It was mainly due to the medium to the high level of information seeking behaviour and social participation. The study revealed that the areca nut growers differed widely in their social characteristics. Most of the respondents had a medium to a high level of knowledge on recommended technologies in areca nut cultivation. This finding stressed the importance of formulating different extension strategies for different audiences by the change agency system.
Determination of active ingredients in commercial insecticides using spectral characteristics of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)
Authors: Mohamed B. Asan , Janaki P.
Published: July 2021

Pesticides have become a basic necessity for yield development. This might be credited to the quickly expanding population, which has presented weight on the food creation industry.Fourier Transform Infra-red Spectroscopy utilizes sample with less course of action, less time consuming, simple, fast, non-destructive and environmental friendly infrared-based method. It makes use of Smart iTR window and pellets use on omnic transmission window. In FTIR the peaks formed for the representative sample are from 800 cm-1 to 4000 cm-1 of wavenumbers against the % transmittance. The FTIR spectra obtained for pesticide formulations were on par with the NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology) spectra library. Comparing the commercial-grade spectra with the Spectrabase, NIST library and Bio-rad software showed the peak ranges for different functional groups of the compound and can be examined with KnowItAll software’s ProcessItIR and AnalyseItIR. We can obtain the active principle of the peak, peak intensities. This method can be viewed as genuine choices to long and tedious chromatographic strategies as a rule suggested for quality control of commercially accessible pesticide formulations and check for adultered formulations that harm agricultural produce.
Treatment of intra-articular calcaneus fractures – a review of current treatment options
Authors:   Department of Traumatology and Orthopedic Surgery, Ostrów Wielkopolski, Polan, Bargiel Andrzej , Falis Mirosław
Published: July 2021

Treatment of calcaneal fractures remains a challenge for the orthopedic surgeon and is still controversial. There is no consensus on whether surgery is a better option that non-operative treatment. The indications for non-operative treatment are non-displaced extra-articular fractures and intra-articular fractures with fragment displacement of less than 2 mm on CT image (Sanders type 1) This type of treatment should be considered in patients with peripheral vascular disease, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, uncooperative patients and in poor general health. Open repositioning and internal stabilization with LCP plateand screws is now considered the gold standard in the surgical treatment of DIACF. Despite the atraumatic surgical technique and modification of operational approach (limited-incision sinus tarsi approach [STA]) the risk of local complications is as high as 18 percent. Hence the observed constant development of minimally invasive methods. Their aim is to reduce the number of complications in relation to the ORIF method while ensuring anatomical reposition and equally stable osteosynthesis. The most popular minimally invasive techniques include closed reposition using the Westhus method and stabilisation with Kirschner wires, cannulated screws, treatment with external fixators or percutaneous balloon plasty. Each of the techniques listed above can be successfully used to treat transarticular fractures as early as the first few days after injury. The problem is the stability of the union, the quality of reduction and its maintenance until union is achieved and the long period of required weight relief of the operated limb.The methods using intramedullary nails offer new possibilities among minimally invasive techniques. The technique of surgery and implant designs differ significantly, but the possibility of correct reposition, the stability of osteosynthesis and the results of treatment obtained, according to the authors of the studies, are promising. Ultimately, the choice of the method of surgical treatment of calcaneal fractures should be selected taking into account the type of fracture, comorbidities, local condition of periarticular tissues as well as the experience and preferences of the operator. It seems that due to the development of imaging techniques and the lower number of complications after minimally invasive procedures, further development of these techniques should be expected.
Histomorphological Mimickers of benign prostatic lesions with prostatic adenocarcinoma
Authors: Murgod Priyanka Sangappa , Doshi Preeti Rajeev , Nisal Amit Ravindra , Nimbargi Ravindra Chandrashekar
Published: July 2021

Background: The prostate is a walnut-sized organ that surrounds the urethra. More than 99% of prostate cancers are prostatic adenocarcinoma. It is the second most commonly occurring cancer in men and the fourth most commonly occurring cancer in India and all over the world. Numerous lesion of the prostate are very similar to prostate cancer, hence awareness is very important. This study aimed to determine the histopathological features of prostate adenocarcinoma and its common mimickers.Materials and Methods: A retrospective study of histopathological features of radical prostatectomy and transurethral resection of the prostate specimens, sent to the department of pathology for a period of one year. A brief clinical history and serum prostate-specific antigen levels were noted.Results: The surgical specimens of 303 cases of prostatic diseases were studied. Benign prostatic hyperplasia was the most frequent diagnosis in 192 patients followed by Prostate adenocarcinoma seen in 80 patients. Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia formed the predominant mimicker (5.9%), followed by basal cell hyperplasia (3.0%). Serum prostate-specific antigen was seen in the range of 1.73 - 100 ng/ml in the cases of adenocarcinoma. In the mimics, prostate-specific antigen was in the range of 1.2- 18ng/ml.Conclusions: Biopsy remains a gold standard for the diagnosis of adenocarcinoma and its mimickers. The lesions in this study were diagnosed on hematoxylin and eosin staining.
Study of histomorphological spectrum of eyelid lesions
Authors: Shrestha Reshmi , Sayami Gita
Published: July 2021

Background: Eyelid pathologies are the most common surgical specimens encountered among all of the ophthalmic lesions and constitute a wide range of diseases by their unique histologic features. This study aims to find out the histopathological spectrum of eyelid lesions, their demographic distribution, and preferential location prevalent in our community.Materials and Methods: This is an observational study in which we retrospectively evaluated the data of 692 patients retrieved from the histopathology department of National Reference Laboratory, Kathmandu, from May 2016 to April 2019.Results: A total of 701 histologic diagnoses comprised of benign, precursor, and malignant lesions and accounted for 86.6%, 2.6%, and 10.8% respectively with preponderance in females. The common benign lesions included melanocytic nevus (17.7%), epidermal cyst (11%), hemangioma (8.9%), dermoid cyst (8.2%), chalazion (6.7%), and squamous papilloma (6.4%). Tumour of epidermal origin was the most common neoplastic lesion accounting for 31.2%. Basal cell carcinoma (50%) followed by sebaceous carcinoma (27.6%) and squamous cell carcinoma (14.5%) constituted the majority of malignant lesions prevalent above the age of 60 years with the preferential site of the upper eyelid for basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma; and lower eyelid for sebaceous carcinoma.Conclusions: Benign eyelid lesions are more prevalent than malignant ones with overall female  preponderance. Epidermal tumours are common among neoplasms. A malignant tumour, a disease of  an elderly individual, is predominated by basal cell carcinoma followed by sebaceous carcinoma, an aggressive tumour with a high recurrence rate in our population.
Regulacje ograniczeń w zakresie noszenia symboli religijnych w ocenie Komitetu Praw Człowieka ONZ
Authors: Falski Jacek
Published: July 2021

The article provides a critical analysis of three individual notification opinions issued by the UN Human Rights Committee in July 2018 on the compatibility of existing regulations in States parties (France, Turkey) on bans on wearing religious symbols with the freedom to manifest religion guaranteed by Article 18 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. Moreover, the text points out the dichotomy – in terms of content – of positions on this issue between the universal body and the regional reference body (the European Court of Human Rights) and also addresses such systemic issues as the problem of legal force of the Committee’s opinions, the lack of dialogue or even isolationism of international bodies ruling on human rights, or the dispute over the primacy of their decisions.
A letter to my abusers
Authors: Adams Candace
Published: July 2021

Content Advisory: The following piece contains references to childhood and adult trauma including emotional, physical, and sexual abuse. Please be advised that those who may be deeply affected by reading such material may find the following content emotionally and/or psychologically triggering. A letter to my abusers conveys feelings about secondary abuse and psychological and emotional trauma in addition to incest, rape, and sexual abuse during my childhood. The content in the letters refers to how my mother and sister inflicted secondary trauma by refusing to listen to my narrative on my abusive father. Using excerpts and examples from my twenty-year-old dissertation, I lovingly and sorrowfully say goodbye to my family as I make my way to the next chapter in my life.
Taxing Disability: A Critical Look into the Medical Cannabis Regime under the New Cannabis Act, 2018
Authors: Rohr Rachel
Published: July 2021

Medical marijuana users represent many people with disabilities in Canada. Recent legislative attempts have allowed people with disabilities to access cannabis as medicine, however the landscape is ever changing. The Cannabis Act was recently introduced, legalizing marijuana for all; however, people with disabilities have not been accounted for when it comes to the issue of access to medicine. Those who rely on cannabis as medicine and those who enjoy it recreationally are now part of the same system, for better or worse. The new medical marijuana regime, under the new Cannabis Act, boasts a “two-stream” process, and it claims that it will be maintaining and improving the old medical regime alongside the new recreational regime. The applicable taxes tell a different story. Medical marijuana has always been subject to sales tax despite being effectively prescribed by doctors to manage and treat many disabilities and illnesses. Now, with the enactment of the Cannabis Act, medical marijuana is subject to an excise tax too—colloquially known as the “sin tax.” Recreational and medical marijuana are subject to the same taxation scheme, making any notion of a “two-stream” process nonsensical and blatantly unfair. The purpose of this article is to provide insight into the varying faults concerning the medical marijuana regime in Canada, with specific emphasis on the issue of taxation. In the simplest terms, taxing medical marijuana is taxing medicine and effectively taxing people with disabilities. Broken down into five parts, this article discusses the underlying reasons for the taxes surrounding medical marijuana, provides a case study of the most important tax case for medical marijuana users, scrutinizes the lack of recognition of medical marijuana as a proper prescription, outlines the ways to improve legislation, and, finally, explores a potential Charter challenge that can be effectively brought against this taxation.
Liudmyla Bruievych’s water-colors in the 1990s
Authors: Lamonova O.
Published: July 2021

The aim of this study is to analyze in detail the watercolors by Liudmyla Bruievych, made in the 1990s: “Tuha” (1992), “Raiuvannia” (1993), “Trapeza” (1995), “Myslyvets” (1998) and others.
Methodology. The study of the works of the new generation of Ukrainian artists, which was completely formed after 1991, is just beginning. In particular, it refers to Liudmyla Bruievych, one of the most famous contemporary domestic graphic artists. The vast majority of publications about her works are popular and belong more to the genre of essay or interview (Bychkova (2000), Ivanochka (2012), Taran (1998, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2002), Shapiro (2012)) or are reviews for personal exhibitions of the artist (Lamonova (2004, 2004), Ostrovskyi (2002)). Among them there are extremely interesting texts of high literary quality (Tytarenko (2004), Borysova (1998), Panasiuk (1998, 1999)), but it is hardly possible to call them scientific researches.
Results. Liudmyla Bruievych is one of the most famous contemporary domestic graphic artists. The most popular of her works are etchings, for which the author uses watercolor of four colors (cerise paint, emerald green, ocher and gold): “Nich” (1991), series “Spokii” (“Koty”, “Rusalka”, “Try ryby”, “Ryba”, “Vaza”, all — 1994),” “Tanok vuzhiv abo Neskinchennist”, “Doistorychna tvaryna abo Drakon” (both — 1997). But during the 1990s, Liudmyla Bruievych actively worked not only on etchings, but also on watercolors. Among them there are works based on the unexpected use of folklore sources (“Tuha” (1992), “Rusalochka”, “Koroleva-rusalka”), biblical images (“Trapeza”, “Hallelujah” (all — 1995)), techniques of naive art (“Myslyvets” (1998)). The artist also created watercolor miniatures.
Novelty. This article is in fact the first scientific publication about the works of an interesting modern domestic graphic artist.
The practical significance. The research is a part of the individual planned theme of the author “Peculiarities of national tradition interpretation in the Ukrainian graphics of the 90s of the XX century. — 10s of the XXI century” and the general planned theme of Fine and Decorative Applied Arts department of the Institute of Art History, Folklore and Ethnology of M. T. Rylsky Institute of Art Studies, Folklore and Ethnology of the NAS of Ukraine “Ukrainian art from the Middle Ages to modern times: the search and formation of national identity in the context of world cultural space”.
Conclusions. Watercolors are an organic and integral part of the artist’s graphics. Plastic images found in watercolors could later be used in etchings.
Fitness technologies implementation in the individual work of choreographic departments students of higher educational institutions
Authors: Paladiichuk A. , Tsyhanovska N.
Published: July 2021

The aim of this article is to highlight the problems of professional competencies formation by implementation of fitness technologies into students-choreographers’ individual work in higher educational institutions, namely: formation of practical skills to compile a set of exercises using methods of pilates and myofascial release in independent work; use of pilates and myofascial relaxation in everyday life as technologies that help maintain health; use of applied knowledge and skills in future working career.
The methodology. To achieve and implement the goal, a set of approaches has been applied, namely, general scientific (analysis, synthesis, generalization, systematization), which were used to clarify the state of the problem; historical-genetic and retrospective, which allowed to determine the origins and genesis of fitness technologies and pedagogical observations method, which made it possible to analyze the possibilities of their usage in the students-choreographers’ independent work.
The results. The process of fitness technologies implementation, in particular pilates and myofascial release into the students-choreographers’ individual work, has health-preserving value. Systematic classes with the help of these methods help to accelerate the recovery processes in the body and improve the psycho-emotional background of students, which is positively reflected in educational and creative activities. The applied role of these fitness technologies implementation in students-choreographers’ individual educational process is not only in self-development, but also promotes increase of professional performance level, deepens knowledge in the field of aesthetic dance and functional movement.
The scientific topicality of the study lies in the implementation and usage of fitness technologies, the pilates and myofascial release system in particular, in the independent educational process for students of choreographic faculties of higher educational institutions, which plays an important compensatory role in their physical condition. The list of exercises and methodological recommendations for compiling independent classes on myofascial release and pilates is suggested.
The practical significance is difficult to overestimate. The benefits of fitness technologies implementation in the students-choreographers’ individual work as a part of the educational process may not only have the preventive value of occupational diseases, but also expands the range of applied knowledge and skills in the field of occupational hygiene in the future career.
Teknoloji Bağlamında Eğitimde Fırsat Eşitsizliği: Eğitime Erişime Yönelik Sorunlar ve Çözüm Önerileri
Authors: IŞIK Metin , BAHAT İsa
Published: July 2021

Bu araştırmanın amacı, Korona virüs (Covid 19) salgını sürecinde teknoloji bağlamında eğitime erişimde öğrencilerin yaşadıkları sorunların ve çözüm önerilerinin belirlenmesidir. Bu çalışma nicel araştırma yöntemini esas alan, tarama desenli bir araştırmadır. Bu araştırmanın örneklemini, İstanbul ili Beylikdüzü ilçesindeki bir ilkokul, Büyükçekmece ilçesindeki bir Anadolu lisesi ve Kırşehir ili Kaman ilçesindeki bir imam hatip ortaokulunda çocuğu öğrenci olan 558 veli oluşturmaktadır. Verilerin toplanması için oluşturulan çevrimiçi form 2020-2021 eğitim öğretim yılı güz döneminde uygulanmıştır. Hazırlanan çevrimiçi ankette öğrencilerin eğitime erişim olanakları; ailelerinin sosyo-ekonomik düzeyi, eğitim seviyesi ve ekonomik yeterlikleri, eğitim teknolojileri ve internet olanaklarını belirlemeye yönelik sorular yer almıştır. Koronavirüs salgın sürecinden başta öğrenciler olmak üzere eğitim sisteminin paydaşları öğretmenler, yöneticiler ve veliler de etkilenmiştir. Eğitimin uzaktan gerçekleştirildiği bu süreçte öğrencilerin somut öğrenmeyi deneyimleyememeleri nedeniyle eğitime erişimin önemi daha görünür hale gelmiştir. Özellikle eğitim teknolojilerine sahip olabilme açısından fırsat eşitliği bağlamında eğitim sistemindeki sorunlar daha belirginleşmiştir. Uzaktan eğitim sürecinde öğrencilerin eğitime eşit erişimlerini sağlayacak olanakların sunulmasına yönelik gerekli düzenlemelerin yapılması ve gereksinimlerini karşılamak için önlemlerin alınması salgının geleceğe yönelik olumsuz etkilerini azaltacaktır.
A Proposal to Make Biomedical Research into Alzheimer’s Disease More Democratic Following an International Survey with Researchers
Authors: Daly Timothy , Houot Marion , Barberousse Anouk , Petit Amélie , Epelbaum Stéphane
Published: July 2021

Background:

Therapeutic research into Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has been dominated by the amyloid cascade hypothesis (ACH) since the 1990s. However, targeting amyloid in AD patients has not yet resulted in highly significant disease-modifying effects. Furthermore, other promising theories of AD etiology exist.

Objective:

We sought to directly investigate whether the ACH still dominates the opinions of researchers working on AD and explore the implications of this question for future directions of research.

Methods:

During 2019, we undertook an international survey promoted with the help of the Alzheimer’s Association with questions on theories and treatments of AD. Further efforts to promote a similar study in 2021 did not recruit a significant number of participants.

Results:

173 researchers took part in the 2019 survey, 22% of which held “pro-ACH” opinions, tended to have more publications, were more likely to be male, and over 60. Thus, pro-ACH may now be a minority opinion in the field but is nevertheless the hypothesis on which the most clinical trials are based, suggestive of a representation bias. Popular vote of all 173 participants suggested that lifestyle treatments and anti-tau drugs were a source of more therapeutic optimism than anti-amyloid treatments.

Conclusion:

We propose a more democratic research structure which increases the likelihood that promising theories are published and funded fairly, promotes a broader scientific view of AD, and reduces the larger community’s dependence on a fragile economic model.
Identitas: Semantics-free and human-readable identifiers
Authors: Alshammry Nizal , Lord Phillip
Published: July 2021

In this article, we present a new approach to identifiers, one that aims to improve the management of ontologies. This approach overcomes some of the main flaws associated with the existing approaches, providing alternative solutions. Ontology identifiers are the key for each entity defined in an ontology, and enable a unique and persistent reference to each term. The form of identifiers has been the subject of discussion, which has resulted in a number of different schemes. It is often recommended that identifiers for ontology terms should be semantics-free or meaningless. One practice is to use numeric identifiers, starting at one and working upwards. However, this has a number of disadvantages: it does not allow for concurrent development, is relatively hard to read, and it is difficult to detect errors when an identifier is misused. From the perspective of development, solving these issues could facilitate the process of building and managing ontologies. Here, we suggest random identifiers to enable concurrent development, while exploiting the proquint library to overcome the problems of memorability and pronounceability. Finally, a checksum is implemented to prevent the occurrence of errors while accessing relatively similar identifiers. Availability and Implementation: The software is available from https://github.com/Nizal-Shammry/identitas-j. It has been integrated into environments for ontology development such as Tawny-OWL and Protégé.