bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Education for Children with Disabilities – Issues in Access, Challenges, Solutions
Authors: Bhandary Ashok
Published: October 2024

Education is undoubtedly important for the development of all children, but it becomes a matter of even greater significance for children who are disabled. For children with disabilities, their prospects in life for equitable social and economic opportunities are disproportionately jeopardized when they lack access to quality education. The aim of this research is to understand the issues in education faced by children with disabilities, specifically, the challenges they face. Based on perspectives of disability education and inclusive education, this research utilizes a descriptive study design to understand the issues in education for children with disabilities. In Nepal, a signatory state of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, significant challenges persist in access to quality education for children with disabilities. Preliminary interviews from six students and their teachers revealed systemic problems in access and delivery of education for children with disabilities. Guided by these prompts and insights, a comprehensive survey instrument was prepared for data collection with students. Field based survey data was collected with 66 students. Additionally, seven interviews were conducted with teachers, administrators, and administrators who worked with these students. The survey data was analysed using IBM’s SPSS Version 23. Insights from data analysis and interviews revealed that children with disabilities face a critical shortage of qualified teachers, learning resources and disabled-friendly physical infrastructure. The primary implication of this study is towards Nepal Government’s education policymakers. The ultimate objective of this study was to shed light on issues of disability education and thereby increase access and quality of education for children with disabilities in Nepal[1].
Disguised Observation: A Methodological Tool for Uncovering Grounded Realities
Authors: Thapa Kiran , Paudel Prabhat , Kandel Sudarshan
Published: October 2024

This paper examines disguised observation as a qualitative research tool, emphasizing its methodological significance and practical application in uncovering grounded realities across various disciplines such as psychology, sociology, anthropology, and management. By conducting an extensive literature review across various fields such as Psychology, Sociology, Management, Education, Marketing etc. the study traces the historical origins, theoretical bases, and practical uses of disguised observation. Reviewing 35 journal articles published in between the 1920s and 2023, the study identifies and discusses various methodologies and approaches to disguised observation. The reviewing and discussions highlights how disguised observation reveals genuine behavioural patterns, providing valuable insights into organizational dynamics and social interactions. Ethical concerns, especially surrounding informed consent and privacy, are addressed, emphasizing the need for balance between methodological rigor and ethical responsibilities. This paper advocates for the broader use of disguised observation in research, where hidden dynamics often go unobserved with traditional methods. The conclusion calls for broader adoption of disguised observation methods, recognizing both its advantages and challenges in uncovering hidden dynamics within different discipline.
Perceptions and Practices of Educational Leadership in Community Schools of Kathmandu Metropolitan City
Authors: Mainali Bhawani Prasad
Published: October 2024

The purpose of study is to explore the perceptions and practices of educational leadership in community school of Kathmandu Metropolitan City. The study employed a qualitative case study research design to conduct an empirical investigation, involving the participation of head teachers, assistant head teachers, and teachers from community schools. This study examines how instructional strategies, teacher motivation, and engagement are improved in community schools through the use of educational leadership. This study identifies key leadership practices and techniques that foster a productive learning environment through qualitative methods, including interviews, observations, and document analysis. The verbal data were collected, transcribed, categorized, and organized into themes. The results indicate that success cannot be achieved by one person alone; collaborative teamwork is essential. Educational leadership should act as a facilitator, fostering effective partnerships with stakeholders. Growth and development cannot occur without motivation, and educational leadership must build trust and unity among stakeholders. Educational leadership should emphasize praise, respect for parents, and cooperation to strengthen partnerships among teachers, students, and parents. The study emphasizes the role of leadership in creating holistic learning environments that emphasize community engagement. When promoting harmony, accountability, and the use of distributed and transformative leadership, community schools can encourage student progress. The study highlights various leadership philosophies, the influence of social and cultural contexts, and strategies to enhance academic achievement. The findings offer insights to inform educational policy and leadership development programs.
Gender Dynamics in Agriculture: A Path to Livelihood Sustainability at Changunarayan, Bhaktapur
Authors: Timsina Tirtha Raj
Published: October 2024

Agriculture plays a vital role in Nepal's economy, with women, particularly in rural areas, comprising a significant portion of the workforce. This paper explores gender dynamics in agriculture in Changunarayan Municipality, Bhaktapur, focusing on women's roles in food production, resource management, and decision-making. Despite their substantial involvement, women face disparities in asset ownership and access to resources. Based on field observations and surveys of 60 households, purposively selected from two agriculture dominated communities located in two different wards of selected municipality, the study reveals that women are primarily responsible for key agricultural tasks, labor managements, and financial decisions. However, their contributions are undervalued, and they often lack tools to boost productivity. The findings emphasize the need for equitable resource distribution and greater recognition of women's roles for sustainable agricultural development. The study concludes that future strategies should prioritize equitable access to resources, ownership rights, and tools that empower women in agriculture.
Gender Perspective of Leadership for Professional Identity: A Qualitative Perspective Higher Education
Authors: Pageni Sakuntala , Sharma Shruti
Published: October 2024

This paper explores gender perspectives in leadership within higher education, with a focus on how representative leadership can enhance gender inclusion and professional identity. The main goal is to understand how such leadership influences gender-related views and practices in educational settings. The study looks at different leadership styles in the field, highlighting how representative leadership encourages participation across gender, race, ethnicity, and other dimensions, fostering a more inclusive learning environment. Theoretical connections are drawn from representative leadership theory to provide a conceptual framework for this study. Employing a qualitative approach, the researcher follows a phenomenological study with four participants based on primary data from an in-depth interview. This analysis explores representative leadership approaches and their impact on effective school leadership in higher education. In summary, the study highlights the importance of fostering inclusive leadership, adopting effective leadership models, and focusing on gender equity and professional development. These strategies are essential for improving leadership effectiveness, creating equitable educational institutions, and addressing the diverse needs of their communities.
नेपाली शिक्षाका विद्यार्थीको आलोचनात्मक लेखनका प्रभावक तत्त्व: एक न्यारेटिभ खोज
Authors: नेपाल शक्तिराज
Published: October 2024

प्रस्तुत लेख नेपाली भाषा शिक्षाका विद्यार्थीको आलोचनात्मक लेखनमा पार्ने प्रभावक तत्त्वको विश्लेषण गर्ने विषयमा केन्द्रित छ । नेपाली भाषा शिक्षाका विद्यार्थीको आलोचनात्मक चेतको विकास तथा सोसम्बन्धी अभ्यासले आलोचनात्मक सोचाइ, पठन र लेखनसम्मका गतिविधिमा पार्ने प्रभावक तत्त्वलाई न्यारेटिभ खोजका आधारमा विश्लेषण गर्नु यस लेखको उद्देश्य हो । आलोचनात्मक अनुसन्धानको प्रतिमान तथा न्यारेटिभ खोजको ढाँचामा आधारित प्रस्तुत अध्ययनमा अन्तर्वार्ता विधिका माध्यमले तथ्याङ्क सङ्कलन गरिएको तथा आलोचनात्मक चेतको अनुभव र विकास, शिक्षक विद्यार्थी अन्तरक्रिया, सामाजिक सांस्कृतिक सन्दर्भ, सहभागीको शक्ति सम्बन्ध (अधिकार, आवाज र विषय) जस्ता थिमहरूमा आधारित भई विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । उक्त ढाँचामा अध्ययन गर्दा भाषा शिक्षाको कक्षाकोठामा प्रयोग भएको भाषाले शक्तिशाली भूमिका खेल्ने, शिक्षकको नियन्त्रणमा विषयवस्तु, शीर्षक चयन, गतिविधि तथा क्रियाकलाप निर्धारण, निष्कर्ष निर्माण, हरेक कुराको व्याख्या, वर्णन तथा मूल्याङ्कनमा पनि शिक्षकको नै आग्रहपूर्ण भूमिका रहने भएकाले विद्यार्थीको आलोचनात्मक लेखाइमा प्रभाव पर्दछ । विद्यार्थीको सामाजिक, सांस्कृतिक सम्बन्ध तथा शिक्षक विद्यार्थी अन्तरक्रियाले पनि आलोचनात्मक लेखाइमा प्रभाव पार्दछ । विद्यार्थीको भाषिक, सामाजिक, सांस्कृतिक शक्तिको भूमिकाका कारण क्रियाकलापमा पनि वर्गीय तथा पहिचानविशेष प्रभाव पर्दछ । वस्तुतः विद्यार्थीले आफ्नो दृष्टिकोणभन्दा साझा दृष्टिकोणमा विश्वास गर्नुपर्ने भएकाले उनीहरूको आलोचनात्मक सोचाइ, पठन तथा लेखाइसमेतलाई प्रभाव पर्ने निष्कर्ष देखिन्छ । उक्त किसिमको प्रभावक तत्त्वको अध्ययन गरी भाषा शिक्षाका विद्यार्थीको आलोचनात्मक लेखाइ सिपको विकासमा भूमिका खेल्नका लागि प्रस्तुत लेखको उपयोगिता रहेको देखिन्छ ।
Inter-Basin Water Transfers: Balancing Water Scarcity Solutions with Environmental and Socio-Economic Impacts from Nepalese Perspective
Authors: Khatri Kumar , Gurung Smriti
Published: October 2024

Inter-basin water transfer (IBWT) involves moving water across drainage divides to address water scarcity, support agriculture, industry, recreation, and generate hydropower. While practiced since ancient times, modern IBWTs gained momentum in the 19th century and have since expanded globally. These projects range from small-scale transfers to large water transfer megaprojects (WTMPs). IBWTs can help mitigate water shortages, enhance food and energy security, and support ecosystem restoration, but also pose risks such as habitat degradation, biodiversity loss, and socio-economic disruptions. Though Nepal has practiced IBWT since the 17th century, the complex environmental and socio-economic consequences observed globally have yet to be fully assessed in the country. Furthermore, a number of IBWTs in the country are in pipeline. Therefore, this review is an attempt to shed light on different aspects of IBWTs including a brief historical perspective; the scale; and to evaluate the environmental and; socio-economic impacts globally and describe the scenario and associated implications in Nepalese context. This study selected articles based on IBTWs, their relevance to environmental impacts, socio-economic effects, and the role of IBWTs. Sources include peer-reviewed journals, government reports, and case studies, focusing on global examples and specific challenges in Nepal. The major findings of this study is that IBWTs are gaining popularity and are becoming important in water-food-energy nexus despite their environmental and socio-economic implications. However, if such projects are undertaken with comprehensive environmental assessments, sustainable water management practices, with inclusive policy frameworks, countries can leverage IBWT projects to meet their growing demands for water, energy, and food, while safeguarding ecological integrity and community welfare.
Potentialities and Challenges of Adopting English as a Medium Instruction at the Basic Level in Nepal
Authors: Bahadur Kadel Purna
Published: October 2024

Nepal is a multilingual, multicultural, multireligious, and multi-diverse country which has 124 national languages and 142 ethnic groups. English as a medium of instruction (EMI) has been implemented in community schools since 2006 to catch up with the EMI policy of every country in the world. This study attempted to explore the potentialities and challenges of adopting EMI at school level and find out the reason behind adopting EMI in Nepal. The phenomenological research design has been adopted to address the research questions of this study. The sample of study was 8 teachers who were selected from four schools, at least 2 teachers from each school as respondents through purposive non-random sampling procedure. The findings of this study show the use of translanguaging in the EMI classroom, excessive motivation of parents and learners towards EMI, lack of teacher preparation, EMI with integration of digital pedagogy, and EMI as the main causes of the loss of  of mother tongues in community schools. It is concluded that EMI is essential for the bright career of learners in the non-English speaking country like Nepal because of the  excessive dominance of the English in every domain of human life. The English language has become the lingua franca and global language to open a gateway in business, trade, education, science and technology, information communication and technology, politics, media, and diplomacy.
The Role of Social Media in Reducing Loneliness among Senior Citizens in Lamki Chuha Municipality of Kailali District, Nepal
Authors: Sharma Tilak Prasad
Published: October 2024

Senior citizens get encouraged by social media to engage in local community centered events so as to feel less isolated and connected. In Nepal, the number of old people is increasing very fast. The studies objectives to assess how effective social media is in mitigating the issue of serious loneliness among senior citizen. A descriptive cross-sectional survey research design was used, employing a structured questionnaire. The sample included 121 elderly citizens. As they were drawn upon to gather quantitative data: In social media use frequency an increase of one unit would decrease loneliness by 0.35 units strongly related to this also, In fact, Increased perceived social support decreased loneliness by 0.50 units thereby depicting a strong negative correlation, younger individuals have been found to be more prone to being alone than older. The conclusion from that social media was shown to reduce depression among the elderly. Additionally, according to findings, there is need for the elimination of technical barriers as well as creation of digital support networks in order to enhance wellbeing for the elderly.
Profundity of Truth in the Paradoxes in Amanda Gorman’s Poem “The Miracle of Morning”
Authors: Dahal Alisa
Published: October 2024

Amanda Gorman speaks through the language of paradox in her poem "The Miracle of Morning”. Her artistic expression, appealing voice and the aesthetic of the language of paradox instill hope and a sense of community building in people to survive the unprecedented crisis of Covid-19. She captures the hopeless mood of the American people battered by the unknown disease and attempts to soothe the bereaved hearts and minds who are mourning the unexpected loss of lives and are living under the unknown fear of the pandemic. To discuss the aesthetics and effectiveness of the language of paradox, this paper uses Cleanth Brooks’ theory of poetry. His concept of the language of poetry as the language of paradox supports the analyses of the imagery and paradoxes in the poem drawn from day to day lives and familiar activities. This paper argues that such language enables the readers to perceive the ordinary or the commonplace differently, positively and hopefully, and helps them realize the profound truth of the complexes of human lives. Gorman fills the crisis-ridden people with positivity, hope and unity to overcome the unknown fear as a common human crisis. The high production of poetry during the Pandemic approves the power of poetry and its language to heal the deeper wounds and give company in moments of separation and loneliness that people had to bear while keeping with the social and physical distancing. Poetic imagination steers the readers to in-depth truth that lies beyond the explicitly paradoxical situations that ordinary minds fail to perceive.
Local Curriculum in Basic Level Education: Cultural Connection Versus Academic Coherence
Authors: Sharma (Gyawali) Bishnu
Published: October 2024

This study examines the dynamic friction that arises when local curriculum at the basic education level is implemented, balancing academic consistency with cultural connectedness. The objective of the study is to investigate strategies to preserve academic integrity and standards while incorporating local cultures into the basic education curriculum.  I used post positivist research paradigm, with random sampling and Likert type questionnaire is used to collect the data from the respondents. One sample t- test is used in data analysis procedure. Insights from educators, legislators, and a range of case studies are included in this conversation, which emphasizes the advantages and difficulties of incorporating regional culture into basic education while upholding strict academic standards. Creating a diverse learning environment versus upholding academic coherence is a common point of debate in the discussion around the adoption of local curriculum in basic level. The relevance of both, their potential for balance, and their possible effects on the growth and learning of students are all examined. The difficulty of striking a balance between culturally relevant instruction and standardized academic coherence is being brought to light by the global effort to improve inclusivity and usefulness in education systems.
Teacher Belief, Knowledge, and Practice: A Trichotomy of Mathematics Teacher Education
Authors: Belbase Shashidhar
Published: October 2024

This theoretical paper explored and examined three key concepts: the beliefs, knowledge, and practices of math teachers. In order to derive some pedagogical and research implications, I conducted a literature review on teacher beliefs, knowledge, and practices. Three themes emerged from the reviews: teacher beliefs influence practice but in a supportive environment; teacher beliefs influence teacher change (development); and teacher knowledge encompasses more than the whole of content, pedagogical, and technological knowledge and their potential combinations.
Students' Perspectives on the Ideal Teacher in Lalitpur, Nepal
Authors: Ghimire Durga
Published: October 2024

This study explored students' perspectives on the characteristics of an ideal teacher in Lalitpur, Nepal. The objective was twofold: to examine students' views on the ideal teacher and to determine whether these perspectives varied based on academic performance. A phenomenological research design was employed, focusing on two secondary-level students from Lalitpur. One student was a high academic achiever, while the other struggled academically. In-depth interviews were conducted, and the data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The results revealed that students viewed ideal teachers as those who actively engaged with less interactive and academically struggling students, offering support and encouragement. In contrast, ineffective teachers were described as those who overwhelmed students with unnecessary workloads, lacked creativity, and frequently reprimanded them for their performance. The practical implications of this study's findings underscore the importance of fostering inclusive and supportive learning environments tailored to the needs of all students, regardless of their academic abilities, providing actionable insights for educators, researchers, and policymakers.
Influence of Parents' Economic and Educational Status on Children's Learning
Authors: Prajapati Panchalaxmi
Published: October 2024

Economic and educational status of parents directly and indirectly influences the children’s learning. This article explores Influence of Parents' Economic and Educational Status on Children's Learning. The study was conducted in Sudal area of Bhaktapur district where several people have migrated from several districts and have taken employment in several areas including brick factories. Qualitative research designed was used in this study. The population of the study included all head teachers, all teachers who taught in grade-3 and students of grade-3 at schools in Bhaktapur district and the parents working in the brick factories are population of this study. Out of this population, one school located in Chyamasing area was selected as a case. The study was further narrowed down to grade-3. This school’s head teacher, one teacher who taught in grade-3, one grade-3 student and one parent of same student who is working in brick factory was chosen purposively as sample in this case study. In this qualitative case study, in-depth interviews and observations were conducted to understand parental activities and behavior in supporting their children’s learning. This research concluded that not only economic and educational status of the parent’ influence children’s learning but also positive behavior of parents toward the children, good relationship between parents and children, good parenting style, ways of motivation of parents, and positive feedbacks of teacher, remedial teaching, proper support from teacher’s positively influenced their children’s learning.
النظريات الأخلاقية المعاصرة وإشكاليات التطبيق:
ً المعضلة الأخلاقية واتخاذ القرار نموذجا
Authors: أوريا محمد
Published: October 2024

تتناول هذه الدراسة العلاقة بين الأخلاق واتخاذ القرار، معتمدة على النظريات الأخلاقية المعيارية كمنبع أساسي لإيجاد حلول للمشاكل السياسية والاجتماعية في المجتمعات الديمقراطية. تهدف إلى تحليل السلوك السياسي والاجتماعي من منظور أخلاقي، خاصة عند مواجهة معضلات أخلاقية محددة. تستعرض الدراسة مفهوم المعضلة الأخلاقية ووضعها الأنطولوجي، وتتبع إرث الفلاسفة الرئيسيين من أرسطو إلى تشارلز تايلور من خلال ثلاثة توجهات: أخلاق المنفعة، أخلاق الواجب، وأخلاق الفضيلة، وربطها بالقضايا المعاصرة مثل الكذب السياسي.
Labor activity of Chechens and Ingush forcibly resettled to Kazakhstan in the 40s of the twentieth century (using the example of Central Kazakhstan)
Authors:   Karaganda University of the name of academician E.A. Buketov, Makalakov Talgat , Shotbakova Lyzzat ,   Karaganda University of the name of academician E.A. Buketov
Published: October 2024

In the article the labour activities of Chechen and Ingush special settlers who were forcibly resettled in Ka-zakhstan in the 1940s was examined, using the example of enterprises in Central Kazakhstan. Based on nor-mative documents and archival data from Karaganda and Zhezkazgan, the study analyses the resettlement and employment of deported Chechens and Ingush and their integration into vital industrial enterprises in Central Kazakhstan. The study uses documents confirming the selfless labour of the special resettlers from the North Caucasus despite the difficult situation in their lives. One of the main aspects of the article is the study of the contribution of Chechens and Ingush to the development of industry in the Central Kazakhstan region. Many of them, along with other deported peoples of the Soviet Union, was at the origin of the opening of new pro-duction facilities at various metallurgical and mining enterprises in Karaganda, Zhezkazgan and Balkhash. The history of Chechens and Ingush in Kazakhstan during this period serves as a reminder of the difficulties faced by the forcibly displaced peoples of the USSR, including problems with housing, employment, and medical care. Analyses of documents regulating the rights and obligations of special resettlers show that the legally enshrined rights were not only respected but were overwhelmingly ignored by the leadership of the country, republic, and local authorities. The reconstruction of the history of deportation and labour activity of Chechens and Ingush in the Central Kazakhstan region will reduce the gaps in the study of the modern history of Kazakhstan.
About one of the unique finds of the late pre-Scythian period from the Koban necropolis
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology Ukrainian academy of sciences, S. Makhortykh , K. Grömer ,   Natural History Museum Vienna, G. Tiefengraber ,   Natural History Museum Vienna
Published: October 2024

The Koban сulture is one of the most prominent cultural phenomena in the Caucasus region. Its materials are kept in many European museums and are the subject of interest of a wide scientific community. The Koban assemblages stored in the Vienna Natural History Museum are among the most significant museum collec-tions of the Caucasian antiquities in Europe. This collection was acquired in the 19th century by Franz Heger, director of the anthropological and ethnographical department of the Museum, and includes more than 30 representative burial complexes with highly informative artefacts of the eponymous site Koban necropolis. These data are not yet known to researchers. The assemblages from Vienna are unique, because they belonged to the elite members of the society, whose burials included valuable grave goods and burial costume elements. This makes the collection in Vienna a key site to be considered for research questions re-lated to the culture and history of the Central Caucasus between the 10th and 5th centuries BC. The followingarticle is devoted to the analysis of one of the most interesting finds from the Koban cemetery — a bronze pin decorated with the cast figure of a horseman discovered in the burial No. 1 (1884)
Хhe economic situation of the Karkaraly district in the second quarter of the 19th century
Authors:   Karaganda University of the name of academician E.A. Buketov, Muratova Madina , Dzhumabekov Dzhambul
Published: October 2024

Since the second half of the 19th century, the Russian Empire established a colonial order in Kazakhstan. The Kazakh region, rich in natural resources and livestock raw materials, had long attracted the attention of Russian entrepreneurs. As the wave of metropolitan development grew, the demand for sources of raw materials and labor increased. Therefore, the exploitationof this resource-rich territory required the ruling groups to implement administrative and regulatory methods, among others. In this context, the article is dedicated to studying the economic and social changes that occurred in the Karkaraly region duringthe period in question. Special attention is given to the analysis of the impact of Russian peasant resettlement, changes in agriculture and livestock breeding, as well as the role of forestry, trade, manufacturing, and industry in the economic development of the region.
The rebellion of the Syr-Darya kazakhs, led by Zhanhozha Nurmukhameduly, in opposition to the Russian empire's expansionist policy
Authors:   Kazakh Agrotechnical Research University named after S. Seifullin,, Yensepov B. , Tokbolat S. ,   araz International innovative institute named after Sh. Murtaza, Dzhursinbaev B.
Published: October 2024

In the article the 1950s uprising of the Syr-Darya Kazakhs, led by Zhankozha Nurmuhameduly, as a response to the encroaching expansionist policies of Imperial Russia was considered. It uncovers the oppressive tactics employed by the tsarist government's local officials. The study highlights how the construction of coastal forts along the banks of Syr-Darya River enabled control over the pastures and wintering grounds of the Jun-ior Horde Kazakh clans. The study additionally reveals archival discoveries, such as the substitution of the Hojaniyaz fortress, which fell due to the directives of the Orenburg frontier commission, with the Kazaly fort. The study links these events to the revolt of the disenfranchised tribes in the lower Syr-Darya region. Through the use of newly available archival data, it offers a detailed examination of the structure and pro-gression of the uprising. Furthermore, the research thoroughly details the arming of Russian-Cossack forces with sophisticated weapons, ammunition, and technical means employed to suppress the rebellion. The re-search posits that the timeframe of the Syr-Darya Kazakhs’ liberation uprising spanned from 1856 to 1862, thereby contesting the previously accepted historical timeframe of 1856-1857.
The Soviet model of state religious policy in Southern Kazakhstan
Authors: Ye.Ye. Zhaksylyk
Published: October 2024

In the article the Soviet model of state religious policy, implemented in the south of Kazakhstan during the Soviet period was examined. The author of this article pays attention to the problems of periodization of religious policy in the Kazakh SSR. The article analyzes the legislative basis of the religious policy of the Soviet state, examines the characteristics of the forms and methods of the anti-religious struggle of the Soviet state, substantiates the thesis about its detrimental influence on the spiritual life of Muslims, examines the ways of implementing state religious policy in the south of Kazakhstan during the Soviet period
On the long-run economic performance of ex-communist economies, 1990-2019
Authors: De Albuquerque e Mello Marcelo
Published: October 2024

We evaluate the long-run economic performance of 29 ex-Communist economies over the period 1990-2019, through growth and level decompositionexercises. Among ex-Communists economies, we find that over the last decade the bulk of the international variation in GDP per worker is accounted for by thecross-country variation in factor inputs. Growth decomposition exercises suggest that ex-Communist economies in Central Europe exhibits robust TFP growth, consistent with TFP growth of western market economies. More specifically, we findthat the best performing ex-Communist economies are the ones that experienced the shortest spell of Communism and have “westernized” institutions, whereas the worst performing economies have experienced longer spells of Communism andare more likely to have authoritarian rulers.
STUDY OF THE I-V RESPONSE INSb70Te30 MEMORY CELLS
Authors:   1Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ingeniería. Laboratorio de Sólidos Amorfos. Paseo Colón 850 (1063), Buenos Aires,Argentina  2CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Tecnologías y Ciencias de la Ingeniería “Hilario Fernández Long” (INTECIN).Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fontana M.R. , Rocca J.A. ,   1Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ingeniería. Laboratorio de Sólidos Amorfos. Paseo Colón 850 (1063), Buenos Aires,Argentina  2CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Tecnologías y Ciencias de la Ingeniería “Hilario Fernández Long” (INTECIN).Buenos Aires, Argentina, Golmar F. ,   3Escuela de Ciencia y Tecnología, UNSAM, Campus Miguelete (1650), San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina.4CONICET Godoy Cruz 2290, Buenos Aires, Argentina., Ureña M.A. ,   1Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ingeniería. Laboratorio de Sólidos Amorfos. Paseo Colón 850 (1063), Buenos Aires,Argentina  2CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Tecnologías y Ciencias de la Ingeniería “Hilario Fernández Long” (INTECIN).Buenos Aires, Argentina
Published: October 2024

Chalcogenide glasses are within the group of phase change materials and are promising in their application to non-volatile electronic memories. Under electrical pulses, they can circulate between two amorphous and crystalline struc-tural states that are well differentiated in their conductivity. Assuming that the phase change mechanisms depend on the energy per unit volume delivered to the sensitive material, it is desirable to build cells on a micrometer scale, also considering that they could eventually be integrated into microelectronic manufacturing processes. In previous work, we observed an abrupt decrease in the resistance of Sb70Te30 base thin films deposited by laser ablation in a temperature range of approximately 445 K when the sample is heated at low rates. From the results of differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction on samples obtained by the same method, we associate the change in resistivity with the crystallization process. In this work, we build micrometric devices with rectangular surface with Sb70Te30 as sensitive material, deposited on coplanar electrodes with spacing L (8 and 16μm) and width W (4, 8, 16, 32 and 64μm). We measure the voltage response of the devices when excited by scanning of increasing current and, between consecutive scanning, we measure the remaining resistance by applying a constant voltage value. In curves I-V, we identify a transformation from the original state to one of lower resistance, attributable to crystallization, but it was not possible to perform the reverse transformation to a state of higher resistance. Starting from the lack of knowledge about the conductivity of the material, we simulate the electric field in the cell using the Finite Element Method. The electrical conductivity of the chalcogenide glass in its initial state (amorphous) was estimated by adjusting its value in the simulations with different geometries, minimizing the difference between the measured and simulated resistances.
Development of Basic Beach Volleyball Technique Training Program for Intermediate Class
Authors: Susanto Bayu Dwi , Afandi Zainal , Harmono Setyo
Published: October 2024

This research is motivated by the fact that there is no guidebook for bolavoli training programs that are in accordance with the characteristics of athletes, especially beach bolavoli, because the training program that is applied is still the same as indoor and outdoor bolavoli. The problem in this study is how the development and validity of the beach volleyball basic technique training program book. This research is a development research (Research and Development) with the Borg & Gall development model. The subjects of this research were beach volleyball club athletes in Tuban Regency. This research instrument uses questionnaires, interviews, observations and measurement tests. While the data analysis used is descriptive and inferential statistics. The conclusion of the results shows that the beach volleyball basic technique training program book is effective in improving the ability of athletes with the tcount value of each passing, service, smash and block test> 1.761 t table. Based on the conclusions of the results of this study, it can be an input to the coach to be able to utilize the beach volleyball basic technique training program book as an alternative media for the training process, so that the training process is more effective and interesting.
Assessing Workload and Wellbeing Among Male School Athletes During a Two-Season Overlap Period
Authors: Nkosi Simphiwe , Green Andrew
Published: October 2024

The study's goal was to evaluate and track the physical abilities and seasonal workloads of male multisport athletes who struggle with converging sport seasons. Due to the increased training load, these obstacles may have an effect on their general well-being. The researchers monitored the internal workloads of 15 male students who participated in a variety of sports disciplines. Over the course of a 10-week period, they assessed their general preparation and fitness using self-reported questionnaires. Through the course of the monitoring period, statistical analysis revealed substantial variations in workloads and the ACWR (acute to chronic workload ratio) (p = 0.002). Agility, vertical jump power, yo-yo intermittent recovery (Level 1), and predicted VO2max characteristics all showed significant changes (p 0.002). The participants' relatively high wellbeing and ACWR values, however, show that they did not endure enough stress from the workloads to cause physiological changes that would improve their performance. It's probable that the athletes' workloads were reasonable enough to lower the risk of injury while still enhancing performance.
Designing Android Based Physical Activities and “Lafit” to Increase Physical Fitness Level of Elderly
Authors: Aufan Rifqi , Handoko Abdul Harris
Published: October 2024

The elderly so that they can do physical activities anywhere and anytime with the aim of improving their physical fitness so that by increasing their physical fitness then their immune level will also increase so that it can reduce the risk of being exposed to viruses, especially the corona virus. This goal is also to create a special TKJI test application for the elderly so that the elderly can measure their own physical fitness level. The specific target of this research is the people of Laut Dendang Village aged 60 years and over. This application contains learning tutorials to do safe and fun physical activities for the elderly completed with tutorials on how to do physical fitness tests that are packaged in an attractive android application so that they can be accessed by the elderly through their smartphones anytime and anywhere. This research used research and development method by borg and gall through 10 steps from potential and problem until mass production. This research involves FIK Unimed lecturers as models in making videos that contain material for physical activity movements that are safe for the elderly and the videos in this application will be made in a simple and clear way and will go through the editing process using specific software. This research showed that the physical fitness of the elderly people increased considerably.
Development of Xander Resistance Training Exercise Model for Petanque Sports Branch at Student Level
Authors: Alis Muchamad Nur Fajar , Harmono Setyo , Pratama Budiman Agung , Indrayana Boy
Published: October 2024

This research aims to investigate the dynamic growth and development of the sport of petanque in Indonesia, specifically focusing on the progress witnessed during the 2011 SEA Games. Notably, the establishment of the Federation of Petanque Sports Indonesia (FOPI) marked a significant turning point, leading to rapid progress facilitated by various universities and extensive community involvement. In addition, this study emphasizes the importance of physical condition, accuracy, and mastery of basic techniques such as Pointing and Shooting to achieve success in the sport of petanque. To further improve the physical condition of petanque athletes, this research implements the Training Resistance Xander (TRX) training model, This research is a Research & Development (R&D) study with qualitative methods. The results showed the implementation of this model demonstrated a positive impact on the athletes' physical condition, highlighting its efficacy as a comprehensive training solution. This research highlights the holistic approach required for sports development, emphasizing the need for customized training models to optimize athletic performance.
The Effectiveness Of The Massed And Distributed Methods On The Low Pass Skill In Volleyball Game
Authors: Saleh Muhammad Syahrul , Syahruddin Syahruddin , Saleh M. Sahib
Published: October 2024

The aims this reseach to determine the effect of method of massed on the volleyball skills of passing, the effect of distributed of method on the volleyball skills of passing, and to know the difference between the methods of massed and distributed method for passing the volleyball skills. This type of research is a thrue experiment with Randomized Group Pretest - Posttest Design. The independent variable is the method of massed and distributed methods while the dependent variable was passing the volleyball skills. The subjects were male students grade 2 SMA Negeri 1 Gangking district Gantarang Bulukumba learning year 2011/2012, as many as 30 people are purposive random sampling. The results showed that there was a significant effect of massed method for passing down skills in the game of volleyball (p <0.05), there was a significant effect of distributed method for passing down skills in the game of volleyball (p <0.05), and better distributed method increases passing down the skills in the game of volleyball than massed method (p <0.05).
The Effect of Shuttle Run Training on the Results of Dribbling Agility in Football Athletes
Authors: Kurniawan Yuka Firdaus , Yusfi Herri , Bayu Wahyu Indra
Published: October 2024

The low understanding of techniques in soccer games includes dribbling technique, which refers to ball control and maneuvering using the feet. The aim of this research is to determine the influence of Shuttle Run training on the agility of dribbling skills in soccer athletes. The research design employed is a quasi-experimental study. The population of the study consists of 30 athletes from Sumber Harta Musi Rawas Soccer Club, aged between 17 and 20 years. The sample for this study is comprised of all 30 athletes from Sumber Harta Musi Rawas Soccer Club. The data analysis technique used is the "t-test" to obtain the results, with a critical value of 1.70 derived from the T-distribution table with degrees of freedom (df) of 39. The conclusion drawn from the study is that Shuttle Run training has a significant impact on improving dribbling agility in soccer games for the athletes of Sumber Harta Musi Rawas Soccer Club. The research findings also indicate that Shuttle Run training is an effective method for enhancing agility.
Mobile Legend Bang Bang: Level Of Confidence Of E-Sport Athlete
Authors: Septiana Rama Adha
Published: October 2024

There are many feelings of not being confident about playing the game in its best condition. Athletes often complain about training or during matches, especially e-sports athletes. This study aims to determine the confidence of MLBB esport athletes. This research is a quantitative descriptive research. The method used in this study was a survey method and data collection techniques using a questionnaire which was distributed via Google form. The population in this study were experienced esport athletes who are domiciled in Bandung, Cimahi and its surroundings. This study uses a convenience sampling technique. The sample of this study was 43 people who were representatives of every sport who agreed and wanted to provide the information needed. The instrument used in this study was a questionnaire on the confidence level of MLBB esport athletes. Data analysis used a descriptive method with percentage calculations. The results of the study show that the confidence level of these MLBB esport athletes is at a high level of 80%. And based on internal factors, MLBB esport athletes are included in the "High" category, while based on external factors, they are included in Moderate. While the results of the analysis of the data obtained by the confidence of esport athletes are not lower at the level of confidence.
Analysis of Cardiorespiratory Endurance Levels of High School Futsal Teams
Authors: Zainuddin M. Said , Riyadi Slamet , Zakaria Ahmad
Published: October 2024

This study aims to find out how good the cardiorespiratory endurance level of the SMA Negeri 22 Makassar futsal team is. This research is a quantitative descriptive research, the test technique used to collect data is the Multistage Fitness Test. The population in this study was 25 futsal team players at SMA Negeri 22 Makassar, the sample to determine the population used purposive sampling. The data analysis technique used is descriptive statistics in the form of percentages. The prevalence of "fair" (moderate) fitness levels among players under the age of 18 in the futsal team of SMA Negeri 22 Makassar indicates the need for a targeted training program to improve their cardiorespiratory endurance. With 62.5% of respondents falling into this category, this shows the potential to increase their fitness levels to achieve better performance on the field. Identifying factors contributing to lower fitness levels among the 37.5% of players categorized as “poor” (poor) may provide valuable insight for developing personalized training interventions and plans to meet their specific needs. By addressing these fitness gaps, teams can potentially improve their overall performance and competitiveness in futsal tournaments. A sufficient level of cardiorespiratory endurance is important in the sport of futsal, which involves fast movements, sudden changes in direction, and high intensity. By having a sufficient level of cardiorespiratory endurance, SMA Negeri 22 Makassar futsal players can maintain their performance during matches, reduce fatigue and minimize the risk of injury.
Body Fat Percentage of Male Martial Arts Athletes Preparing for PON Papua
Authors: Samodra Y. Touvan Juni , Wati Isti Dwi Puspita , Gandasari Maharani Fatima , Yosika Ghana Firsta , B Putra Sastaman , Sofyan Davi
Published: October 2024

The required fat percentage for martial athletes is an important component. The purpose of this study was to describe the body fat percentage of martial arts athletes from Tarung Rajat, Boxing, Kempo, Pencak Silat, Taekwondo, Kempo, and Muay Thai who were chosen as the best athletes for the Papua New Guinea PON preparation. The number of samples is 70 athletes, with details of 7 taekwondo, 13 tarung drajat, 16 pencak silat, 24 boxing, 3 kempo, and 7 muay thai. Measurements were made with the Omron Karada Scan HBF-375 balance. The data were analysed with descriptive statistics. The results showed that the overall average percentage of athletes' body fat was 15.17%, included in the normal category. And you can say that the body fat percentage of martial arts athletes in this study is in the low category.
Implementation of Motion Analysis Applications in Watersportsin the Lambung Mangkurat University Environment
Authors: Anggara Norma , Pratiwi Endang , Sarmidi Sarmidi
Published: October 2024

This study was conducted to determine the ability in water sports. This research is intended to determine motion analysis with the implementation of using the konovea software application. The research is a survey research with descriptive data type. The population in this study were students at Lambung Mangkurat University. The data collection technique used purposive sampling, the sample obtained was 40 people where students who were taking lectures on water sports. Data obtained in the form of video and data analysis using kinovea software. The results showed that swimmers can perform improved movements with an average pass rate of 87% of the results of the evaluation of good and correct movement assessment after analyzing through the use of the application. Then based on the results of thequestionnaire test the level of understanding of the sample as much as 97% has understoodthe use of the kinovea software application.
Literature Review: Hiit Training on Physical Fitness, Vo2max and Social Status in Adults with Sedentary Lifestyle
Authors: Kusuma Yuastrian Teja , Harmono Setyo , Atrup Atrup
Published: October 2024

In 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended engaging in 150-300 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity per week, at 40-60% of the Maximal Pulse Rate (HRM), or 75-150 minutes of high-intensity physical activity at 60-85% HRM to maintain and enhance adult fitness. However, commonly cited obstacles to physical activity include time constraints, low motivation, and difficulties in adhering to guidelines. High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT), requiring less time for exercise, has been shown to deliver equivalent or greater health benefits compared to WHO recommendations. This study aims to assess the impact of HIIT on physical fitness, VO2Max, and social status. Utilizing a literature review method, articles were sourced from Electronic Databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, and ProQuest. The results indicate that High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) can efficiently enhance physical fitness, significantly impact social status, and do so within a shorter time frame. This makes HIIT an appealing alternative for individuals facing challenges like time constraints, low motivation, or difficulties in adhering to traditional activity guidelines. With improvements observed in physical fitness and VO2Max, HIIT emerges as a compelling option for those seeking a time-efficient yet effective exercise method. Consequently, this research highlights that HIIT not only serves as an efficient strategy for achieving physical fitness and cardiorespiratory health but also contributes to enhancing social aspects. These findings offer valuable insights for designing more acceptable and sustainable physical activity programs within the community.