bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spectrophotometric Methods Based on Charge Transfer ComplexationReactions for the Determination of Saxagliptin in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Preparation
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, KasrEl-Aini St., Cairo 11562, Egypt, Ayoub Bassam M. , El-Bagary Ramzia I. , Elkady Ehab F.
Published: September 2023

Simple, accurate and precise spectrophotometric methods have been developed for the determination of saxagliptin in bulk and dosage forms.The proposed methods are based on the charge transfer complexes of saxagliptin with 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (DDQ) and7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ). All the variables were studied to optimize the reactions' conditions. Beer's law was obeyed in the concentration ranges of 50-300 μg/ml and 10- 110 μg/ml with DDQ and TCNQ, respectively.The developed methods werevalidated and proved to be precise and accurate for the quality control of the saxagliptinin its pharmaceutical dosage form.
An In Vitro Model of Cartilage Degradation by Chondrocytes in a Three-Dimensional Culture System
Authors:   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan, Nakatsuka Kensuke , Nakashima Katsuhito , Kurita Kenichi ,   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan, Yamashita Kyoko , Hayakawa Taro ,   Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
Published: September 2023

Objective: Using the alginate bead three-dimensional culturing method, which is considered to be advantageous for the in vitro study of chondrocytes, we confirmed earlier reports concerning the inhibitory effect of TGF-β on IL-1β-induced cartilage destruction and serially evaluated changes in proteinases and their inhibitors in cartilage destruction. Methods: Chondrocytes were cultured on alginate beads with IL-1β or TGF-β alone or both. The glycosaminoglycan (GAG) concentration in the culture medium was determined by use of the DMMB assay; and the levels of TIMP-1, -2 and proMMP-3 were measured with their respective sandwich EIAs. Sections of the beads were prepared and stained with toluidine blue or anti-TIMP-1 -2, -3 antibodies. The numbers of chondrocytes negative for pericellular proteoglycan staining and TIMP-positive chondrocytes were counted, and positive staining for TIMP-3 in the extracellular matrix was examined. RT-PCR was performed to evaluate the gene expression of TIMP-1, -2, -3, and MMP-3. Results: The number of TIMP-1(+)chondrocytes, TIMP-1 concentration in the culture medium, and TIMP-1-gene expression all increased maximally as early as 6 hours after IL-1β stimulation, and then gradually decreased. However, the number of cells immunopositive for TIMP-3 increased somewhat later. GAG and proMMP-3 concentrations in the culture medium increased gradually with time. The number of TIMP-3(+)chondrocytes and positive staining for TIMP-3 in the extracellular matrix significantly increased in the TGF-β group compared with the values for the IL-1β group. The proMMP-3 concentration in the culture medium of TGF-β-treated cells was significantly decreased compared with that for the IL-1β-treated ones at all times examined. Discussion: We suggest that TIMP-1 plays a primary role in the prevention of articular cartilage destruction in its early stage but that TIMP-3 gradually takes over this role. Also, TGF-β was shown to regulate these TIMPs and act as a suppressor of articular cartilage destruction. These results suggest that TIMP-1 and TIMP-3 are closely involved in preventing the progression of joint disorders such as OA.
31P and 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of Blood Plasma in Female Patients with Preeclampsia
Authors:   Clinic for Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany, Moka Detlef , Schott Susanne ,   Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany, Hahn Josef ,   Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany, Kurbacher Christian ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
Published: September 2023

Objective: Using 31P and 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy to measure phosphorus- and hydrogen-containing metabolites, this study aimes to investigate whether or not women with preeclampsia have detectable systemic abnormalities concerning certain components of the blood plasma. Methods: Plasma was obtained from two groups of women: Group 1 with preeclampsia (n=10) and Group 2, as a control group with no complications during pregnancy (n=10). Plasma analysis were performed using in-vitro 31P and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Results: 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra showed significantly higher levels of lysophosphatidylcholine 1 in the plasma of the patients in Group 1, along with significantly decreased levels of lysophosphatidylcholine 2 and phosphatidylinositol. However, the total amount of phospholipids did not differ significantly between the groups. In addition, the 1H NMR spectra showed a significantly lower level of HDL in samples from Group 1, and a trend towards higher plasma levels of VLDL 2 and LDL 2 in the same group. Conclusion: This study supports the theory that preeclampsia is a disorder in phospholipid metabolism in which malfunctioning of cellular membranes seems to play a major pathogenic role.
Biomedical and Social Aspects of Spondyloepiphyseal Dysplasia Tarda Cases from Bengkulu District of Indonesia
Authors:   Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi, Universitas Bengkulu, Jalan Raya Kandang Limun, Kota Bengkulu, Bengkulu 38371, Indonesia, Ruyani A.
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND: Although short stature male (SSM) cases are often found in South Bengkulu, no management reports about their existence are available. This paper summarizes the researches of biomedical and social aspects for the human genetic disorders. CASE PRESENTATION: Field survey results indicated that SSM community was located in Kedurang area, and 67 persons with SSM were successfully sampled from a population of 17,357 persons (one of 260). Anthropometric comparative studies, history of the pattern of X-linked inheritance, as well as the study of anatomy through radiology and ultrasound confirmed that SSM is spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda (SEDT). Genomic studies through characterisation of mutations of the SEDL gene revealed that point mutations on SEDT Kedurang are different from the results of previous similar studies, and these people are predicted to come from the same ancestors. It is necessary to notice that persons with SEDT have normal intellectual ability, but the physical conditions make their socio-economic competitiveness very low. Furthermore premature joint pains make persons with SEDT become old faster than the ordinary people by the age of 40 years. Realizing that they are marginalized, some of them try to come together to establish a foundation designed to make a better life. CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that the appropriate management of SEDT should be done by integrating to improve their nutritional status, reduce the suffering of joint pain, develop labelled molecular markers for early detection, and increase their socio-economic competitiveness.
Produção sustentável
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Dal Magro Camila , Bulegon Raquel , Gomes Gilmar de Almeida
Published: September 2023

A importância desta obra, assim como do projeto no qual está fundamentada, consiste na identificação e análise dos impactos causados pela produção de alimentos ao solo, à atmosfera e à agua, visando à conscientização e a melhoria da qualidade de vida, tanto daqueles que produzem os alimentos, como daqueles que os consomem. Com isto, espera-se que este livro seja capaz de alertar e conscientizar o leitor para que ele seja também um agente na busca pela sustentabilidade, na busca por um mundo melhor.
Islamic Education Curriculum Development
Authors: Try Masriah  , Wafik Ajizah  , Mahwiyah
Published: September 2023

The Islamic education curriculum is materials in the form of activities, knowledge and experiences which are systematically given to students to achieve goals. The curriculum is also an activity that includes various student activity plans in detail in the form of educational material forms, suggestions for teaching and learning strategies, program arrangements so that they can be implemented, and things that cover various activities until the desired goals are achieved. The Islamic Education Curriculum will not be separated from the principles of Islam itself, namely the Al-Qur'an and Al-Hadith, so the main characteristic that can be known is that it includes the Al-Qur'an and Al-Hadith as the main source. The Islamic education curriculum must emphasize religious and moral subjects. Religion and morals must be taken from the Al-Qur'an and Al-Hadith as well as examples from previous pious figures.
Moral Education Of Students To Respond To Youth Determination
Authors: Uni Khoerotun Rizkiyah
Published: September 2023

This study uses a qualitative approach, so that the main instruments in this study are educators, students, schools. As for the instruments that the authors use in collecting data in the field in accordance with the object of discussion in this study, the authors make observations and documentation. The teacher has some responsibility for providing moral education, when the child is at school to the teacher at school. There is no need to look at the child from which family is bestowed. Teachers are the parents of both students at school. As parents at school, teachers should be responsible for the development of their students both in terms of cognitive, affective and psychomotor. What's more, the teacher is more focused on instilling moral education for students to stay away from juvenile delinquency which is basically usually done by teenagers the same age as students at MTs Darun Nahwi Singajaya. With regard to good morals or examples, Allah SWT has provided an overview of the morals of the Prophet Muhammad SAW. Because in life, a human being from birth always acts and acts, thinks, feels, feels and relates to other people
The Role Of The Teacher In Increasing Students' Reading Literacy Motivation In Mts Darun Nahwi Indramayu
Authors: Caniyah
Published: September 2023

The low motivation of students' reading literacy is one of the factors that causes student achievement to decline. This is possible because their curiosity about subjects is still low, external factors (friends, family, and the environment) do not support studying Islamic Cultural History subjects and so on. Meanwhile, learning achievement of Islamic Cultural History is influenced by several factors such as student learning activities, learning models used by teachers in teaching, students' ability to accept the lessons provided by teachers, student learning motivation and so on. The role of the teacher greatly influences the motivation of reading literacy for students in Islamic Culture history lessons. This research use desciptive qualitative approach. The purpose of this study is to find out how the role of the teacher in increasing the reading literacy motivation of students at MTS Darun Nahwi and how the teacher's role is in increasing students' reading literacy motivation in Islamic Cultural History lessons at MTS Darun Nahwi
Democratização da internacionalização da Educação Superior: contribuições da CRES 2018
Authors: Abba Maria Julieta , Bellini e Soares Sofya de , Ostrzyzeck dos Santos Rafael
Published: September 2023

O artigo busca compreender o processo de democratização da internacionalização da Educação Superior e as possíveis contribuições da III Conferência Regional de Educação Superior para América Latina e Caribe (CRES 2018) neste processo. Para tanto, autores de diversas áreas do conhecimento são apresentados como interlocutores relevantes para discutir os conceitos de democratização e internacionalização da Educação Superior e a sua vinculação. Como metodologia, na primeira parte do texto foi utilizada a pesquisa bibliográfica a partir da análise de obras de referência sobre as temáticas da pesquisa; enquanto na segunda parte realizou-se uma pesquisa documental através da análise de conteúdo da Declaração e do Plano de Ação da CRES 2018. Os resultados apontam que a Declaração e o Plano de Ação da CRES 2018 traçaram um caminho interessante para discutir a democratização da internacionalização da Educação Superior, principalmente através da promoção de políticas públicas governamentais que fomentem a igualdade de oportunidades, o posicionamento da diversidade como representação da interculturalidade característica da região latino-americana e caribenha, a integração regional solidária e horizontal e a responsabilidade social universitária como forma de transformação e libertação dos povos.
Reseña. Futuros da educação superior [recurso eletrônico]: tendências e cenários em contextos emergentes.
Authors: Ferreira Cardoso Neto Odorico
Published: September 2023

A obra “Futuros da Educação Superior: Tendências e cenários em contextos emergentes” tem como organizadores Marília Costa Morosini, Marilene Gabriel Dalla Corte e Doris Pires Vargas Bolzan, publicada pela ediPUCRS em 2023. Os textos buscam responder questões específicas em que são destacados cenários da educação superior (ES) em contextos emergentes, abarcando suas tendências baseadas em ciência, pesquisa, dados e ensaios.
KUR’AN’I İNDİRİLDİĞİ GİBİ OKUMAK: TİLÂVET ÜSLÛBUNUN ASLÎ KAYNAĞI ÜZERİNE
Authors: COŞKUN Muhammed
Published: September 2023

Bu çalışmada Kur’an metninin bir okuma biçimi olan tilâvet üslûbunun ontolojik kaynağı üzerinde durulmaktadır. Kur’an’ın özel bir okuma biçimi olan tilâvet tarzının, kaynağı itibariyle münezzel mi yani doğrudan Allah’a (c.c.) mı dayandığı, yoksa bu üslûbun daha sonra Hz. Peygamber (s.a.s.) veya sonraki Müslümanlar tarafından mı oluşturulduğu sorgulanmaktadır. Bu sorgulamada önce, tilâvet üslûbundan ne kastedildiği, tilâvetin unsurları çerçevesinde kısaca ortaya konmuştur. Konuyu incelerken merkeze alınan argümanlar tilâvetin özellikle Kur’an’ın nüzûl keyfiyeti ile ilişkisi ve Hz. Peygamber’in (s.a.s.) Kur’an okuyuşudur. Bu iki temel argümana ilaveten iddiamıza kaynak teşkil edecek başka bazı gerekçeler ve tarihî olgular da dikkate alınmıştır. Bu bağlamda Kur’an’ın metinsel özellikleri ile uyumu, bu tarzda okunan Kur’an’ın dinleyiciler üzerinde bıraktığı tesir, Kur’an dışındaki söz veya metinlerin bu şekilde okunmaması gibi çeşitli delillerden yola çıkılarak mesele izah edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Netice itibariyle tilâvet tavrının kaynak bakımından münezzel olduğu kabul edildiğinde tilâvet üslûbu ile okumanın ehemmiyeti de ortaya çıkmış olacaktır.
MAKAM-KABİR BAĞLAMINDA HZ. FÂTIMA’NIN DEFNİ VE “EHL-İ BEYT TÜRBESİ” MİMARİSİ
Authors: ÖTEN Aliye
Published: September 2023

Kişinin vefatından sonra hatırlanması, ziyaret edilmesi maksadıyla hayatının bir iz düşümü olarak geride kalan son hatırası kabri olmaktadır. İslâm mimarisinde toplumda iz bırakan, manevî açıdan önde olan din büyüklerinin kabirleri ise türbe, künbed, kubbe, meşhed gibi bulunduğu yerin geleneği ve diline göre adlandırılan âbidevî mimari yapılar şeklinde inşâ edilmektedir. Bunun yanında bilhassa Türk-İslâm coğrafyasında Hakk katında ve halk içinde muteber kişilere ait birden fazla mükerrer mezar âbideleri olduğu da bilinmektedir. İster takipçi ve isim benzerliği nedeniyle kabrin tam yerinin bilinememesi, ister Kanuni Sultan Süleyman’ın tahniti gibi mecbur kalınması olsun farklı sebeplerle inşâ edilen mükerrer kabirler, büyük isimlerin hatırlanması ve anılmasını kolaylaştırmakta ancak araştırmaları zorlaştırmaktadır. Bu konuda vasiyet gibi şahsî bir hassasiyet ve talebe dayalı bir sebebe mebni aynı zamanda ilk örneklerden birini teşkil eden Hz. Fâtıma’nın kabri ve makamı meselesi; hayatı, teçhizi, tekfini ve türbesi çerçevesinde bu makalede araştırılarak, İslâm mimarisinde defin-medfûn-kabir- makam ilişkisi açısından bazı sonuçlara ulaşılmaya çalışılmaktadır.
MECELLE ESBÂB-I MÛCİBE MAZBATASI BAĞLAMINDA MECELLE’NİN KÜLLÎ KÂİDELERİNİN KAYNAKLARININ TESPİTİ MESELESİ: KRONOLOJİK VE ANALİTİK BİR İNCELEME
Authors: AZAK Necmettin
Published: September 2023

İslâm hukukunun usul ve füru disiplinlerinde temelleri atılan kaideler, kavâid edebiyatı ile birlikte gelişmesini tamamlayarak müstakil bir yazım türüne dönüşmüş ve soyut hukukun temel prensiplerini oluşturmuştur. 19. yüzyılda başlayan kanunlaştırma hareketinin etkisiyle Osmanlı devletinde çeşitli hukukî alanlarda yürürlüğe giren kanunlarda kavâid-i külliyelerin etkisini gözlemlemek mümkündür. Mecelle’nin 2-100. küllî kaideleri çalışmamızın odak noktasını teşkil etmektedir. Mecelle mazbatasında ifade edilen kaynaklar bağlamında küllî kaidelerin kaynaklarının tespiti araştırmamızın ana çerçevesini oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma sürecimiz bu kaynakların tespitine ilişkin üç aşamalı bir yöntem izlemektedir: İlk adımda, Mecelle’deki maddelerin hangi kaynaklardan alıntılandığı tespit edilmiştir. İkinci adımda, bu kaynaklarda hangi Mecelle maddelerinin yer aldığı saptanmıştır. Üçüncü adımda, tespit edilen alıntılar kronolojik sıraya göre sıralanmıştır. Bu çalışma, kavâid-i külliyelerin gelişimini ve Mecelle’nin nasıl oluşturulduğunu anlamak için oldukça önemlidir. İbn Nüceym, Nâzırzâde, Hâdimî gibi İslâm hukukçularının ve fıkıh kitaplarının Mecelle üzerindeki etkisi ele alınmıştır. Bu araştırma, Mecelle’nin kaynakları ve kavâid edebiyatının kanun metnine dönüşümü konularında önemli bir katkı sunmayı amaçlamaktadır.
Effect of Brushing with Whitening Toothpaste on Color Stability and Surface Roughness of Color-Adjustment Resin-Based Composites
Authors: GÜVEN BEKDAŞ Melek , HUBBEZOĞLU İhsan
Published: September 2023

Objectives: Aim of this study is to compare the color stability and surface roughness of four different color-adjustment composites produced using smart chromatic technology and a highly esthetic nano-hybrid composite after brushing with whitening toothpaste.
Materials and Methods: 4 different color adjustment composites and 1 nano hybrid composite are divided into 5 main groups according to their contents. A total of 120 disc-shaped specimens (8 x 2 mm) were prepared, 24 in each group. The prepared samples were sequentially kept in solutions (tea, coffee and cherry juice) for 12 days and randomly divided into 3 subgroups (n=8). Subgroup 1, brushing with distilled water; Subgroup 2, brushing with whitening toothpaste; Subgroup 3, home bleaching agent were applied (14 days). Color measurements were made with a spectrophotometer, ΔE values were calculated using the CIELAB formula. Surface roughness values were made using a profilometer device. Samples from each group were selected for SEM surface analysis.
Results: Among the composite groups, the highest coloration was observed in the Omnichroma, while the lowest ΔE values were observed in the Vittra composite group. Although the ΔE values on the 14th day were higher than the 7th day in all groups, the differences between them were statistically insignificant(p>0.05) In all composite groups (except Omnichroma), the ΔE values of brushing with whitening toothpaste at the end of the 14th day were higher than brushing with distilled water(p<0.05).
Conclusions: Although the application of home bleaching agent was found to be more effective in a short time in whitening color-adjustment composites; brushing with whitening toothpaste at the end of the 14th day was found to be as effective as the application of home bleaching agent. Coloring and bleaching procedures applied to color-adjustment restorative materials did not have a significant negative effect on surface roughness values.
Vækst på kort og langt sigt
Authors: Linaa Jesper Gregers , Smidt John
Published: September 2023

Efter tre års stilstand i dansk økonomi er det naturligt, at interessen for at skabe økonomisk vækst er betydelig. Artiklen gennemgår det herskende synspunkt, at den kortsigtede vækst bestemmes på økonomiens efterspørgelsside, mens det er udbuddet, der er afgørende for væksten på langt sigt. Pointen illustreres, og det diskuteres, hvilke håndtag politikerne kan dreje på for at skabe vækst.
Grøn vækst: et nyt spor mellem misvækst og nulvækst
Authors: Andersen Mikael Skou
Published: September 2023

Frem mod miljøtopmødet ‘Rio+20’ i juni 2012 satte Verdensbanken, OECD og FN’s Miljøprogram, UNEP, fokus på ‘grøn økonomi’ og ‘grøn vækst’ som svar på de globale udfordringer, ikke blot med hensyn til at nå frem til en forpligtende international klimaaftale ‘post-Copenhagen’, men især for at formulere en ny modus vivendi for verdensøkonomien i lyset af den omsiggribende fi nanskrise.
Friluftslivet som teknologisk innovationsplatform
Authors: Hjalager Anne-Mette , Nielsen Niels Christian , Nielsen Thomas Theis
Published: September 2023

Danmark er og skal være et innovations- og videnssamfund. Nye innovationsplatforme til gavn for erhverv og beskæftigelse skal fi ndes bredt og overalt i samfundet, hvor der er vidensmæssige kompetencer og organisatorisk kapacitet, blandt andet i friluftslivet. Denne artikel diskuterer hvordan og hvorfor.
Kærlighed og seksualitet i markedsperspektiv
Authors: Petersen Hanne
Published: September 2023

»Along with the growth of marriage and sex markets at the global and European level, sexualities and intimacies as well as traditional conceptions of the institution of marriage and family have come to the fore.« (Saarinen & Calloni, 2012: 12)
Positive effekter af diversitet på arbejdsmarkedet
Authors: Foged Mette
Published: September 2023

Denne artikel er en selektiv gennemgang af indvandringens effekt på arbejdsmarkedet ud fra økonomisk teori og empirisk forskning på området. Konklusionen er at diversitet på arbejdsmarkedet har gevinster, men de fordeles ikke lige.
Kommentarer fra DA, FTF og BAT-kartellet
Authors: M¨¨¨¨¨¨¨¨¨¨üntzberg Steen
Published: September 2023

Det er i disse år nærmest kommet på mode at fastslå, at den danske aftalemodel er truet og ikke kan blive opretholdt i sin eksisterende form. Flere forskellige årsager er angivet – faldende organisationsgrad på arbejdstagerside, pres fra EUregulering, såkaldt »social dumping«, væksten i de alternative forbund osv.
Ledelse, belønning og præstationer version 2.0?
Authors: Andersen Lotte Bøgh , Pedersen Lene Holm , Westergård-Nielsen Niels
Published: September 2023

Produktivitetskommissionens anbefalinger diskuteres kritisk i lyset af den nye forskning på feltet. Fokus er på, om der er noget nyt under solen, eller om der er tale om gammel vin på nye flasker, når man anbefaler at koble tydelig ledelse med motivation og trivsel, og at koble kompetencer med præstationer og løn?
Produktivitetskommissionens anbefalinger om den offentlige sektor: En foreløbig status
Authors: Sørensen Peter Birch
Published: September 2023

Artiklen omtaler kort Produktivitetskommissionens vigtigste analyser og anbefalinger til fremme af effektiviteten i den offentlige sektor. Dernæst kommenteres en række af de kritikpunkter, der rejses mod kommissionens arbejde i dette temanummer.
Thomas Piketty: Teori, resultater og relevans for Danmark
Authors: Pedersen Peder J.
Published: September 2023

Pikettys bog »Kapitalen i det 21. århundre« er blevet hektisk diskuteret i hele den vestlige verden siden den udkom på engelsk og dansk i 2014. I artiklen resumeres bogens resultater og teorier, og deres relevans for Danmark diskuteres.
Lave og stabile topindkomster i Danmark
Authors: Bjørn Niels Henning
Published: September 2023

Personerne med de højeste indkomster har fortsat kun en begrænset del af de samlede indkomster i Danmark, mens andelen har været stærkt stigende i f.eks. USA og Storbritannien. Indkomstfordelingen i Danmark er fortsat blandt de mest lige i verden.
Den mindst ringe verdensorden
Authors: Hansen Birthe
Published: September 2023

I 25 år har USA’s styrkeposition og politik forsynet os med en ‘verdensorden’, der i et historisk perspektiv fremstår som den mindst ringe: fravær af store krige, mere demokrati, økonomisk fremgang – men dog også sammenbrudte stater og terrorisme.
Ruslands betændte forhold til USA
Authors: Skak Mette
Published: September 2023

»Rusland er det eneste land, der kan ødelægge Amerika på en halv time eller mindre«(Ruslands præsident Vladimir Putin, december 2011, sagt ved en banket i Valdaj-regi)»[USA] ønsker at undertvinge os«(Putin, 18. nov. 2014, sagt til den Alrussiske Folkefront).
TTIP og den amerikanske verdensorden: Opbrud eller gennembrud?
Authors: Mortensen Jens Ladefoged
Published: September 2023

Bliver TTIP-aftalen et gennembrud for eller opbrud i den amerikanske verdensorden? Tilhængere håber, at en transatlantisk frihandelsaftale kan presse de opstigende magter til at tage medansvar. Andre frygter, at TTIP skaber ordensforstyrende modreaktioner. Artiklen ser nærmere på TTIP’s effekter på den globale magtfordeling og økonomiske verdensorden.
Demokratisk legitimitet som institutionel dialog. Mellem ret og politik i EU
Authors: Martinsen Dorte Sindbjerg
Published: September 2023

Diskussionen om den Europæiske Unions demokratiske legitimitet handler blandt andet om samspillet mellem EU’s institutioner og om forholdet mellem de folkevalgte og ikke folkevalgte institutioner.
Redaktionelt forord
Authors: Andersen Peder , Kærgård Niels
Published: September 2023

Når ændringer i skattesystemet skal gennemføres, må det ske i et kompliceret samspil mellem politikere og fagøkonomer. Der er elementer, der teoretisk set er ren fagøkonomi. I princippet er opstilling og estimation af arbejdsudbudsfunktionen, og dermed analyser af skattens betydning for arbejdsudbud og produktion, et rent fagøkonomisk spørgsmål. Modsat er vægtlægningen ved valget mellem delvist konfliktende mål som effektivitet, trivsel og lighed i betydelig grad et rent politisk spørgsmål. Indholdet af en skattepakke kan kun fastlægges ved at inddrage politiske præferencer.
Behov for revision af skatteberegningskonventionerne
Authors: Brøns-Petersen Otto
Published: September 2023

Centraladministrationens beregningskonventioner for adfærdseffekten af skatteændringer bygger på et 20 år gammelt studie. En række nye udenlandske og navnlig danske studier peger på en betydeligt større effekt. Det er f.eks. muligt, at det er selvfinansierende at afskaffe topskatten. Det marginale forvridningstab er meget højt.
Velfærdsstatens styrker og trusler
Authors: Fink Nanna , Lykketoft Mogens
Published: September 2023

Det bedste ved Danmark har været den sympatiske samfundsindretning, med mindre ulighed og større social tryghed end næsten alle andre samfund. Midlet var høj og progressiv beskatning, der finansierede offentlig service af høj kvalitet på uddannelse, sundhed, ældreomsorg og børnepasning.
EU og velfærdspolitikken
Authors: Fink Nanna , Kvist Jon
Published: September 2023

Europæisk velfærdspolitik står ved en skillevej af betydning for national velfærdspolitik og EU-samarbejdet. Fortsætter EU’s velfærdspolitik ad vejen med stram makroøkonomisk koordinering og sikring af vandrende personers sociale rettigheder, risikerer dette at føre til en øget opfattelse i befolkningerne om, at mere EU betyder flere velfærdsbesparelser og mere social dumping og velfærdsturisme. Den i 2013 lancerede social investeringsstrategi er med Juncker-Kommissionen blevet suppleret med forslag til mobilitetspakke. Artiklen argumenterer for, at Kommissionens forslag til mobilitetspakke kan føre til et kapløb mod bunden inden for arbejdsmarkeds- og velfærdspolitikken og på EU-niveau til mindre opbakning til EU og ultimativt til flere Brexits.
Modtagelse af uledsagede mindreårige asylansøgerer
Authors: Fink Nanna , Andersson Vibeke
Published: September 2023

Denne artikel behandler velfærdsstatens modtagelse af de uledsagede flygtningebørn. Artiklen diskuterer skismaet mellem de konventioner, der omhandler børns rettigheder, og den danske velfærdsstats egeninteresser. På den ene side er velfærdsstaten optaget af, at de uledsagede mindreårige er sårbare og skal behandles som børn. På den anden side er myndighederne også optagede af, at sortere flest muligt fra, så der ikke er nogle, der opnår asyl uberettiget i forhold til de gældende regler.
Indkomstrelateret ulighed i sundhed i Danmark – pensionisternes rolle
Authors: Fink Nanna , Christiansen Terkel , Lauridsen Jørgen T.
Published: September 2023

Tidligere undersøgelser, der har sammenlignet indkomstrelateret ulighed i sundhed mellem europæiske lande, har påvist, at uligheden i Danmark er forholdsvis høj, målt med en metode, som bruger koncentrationskurver og koncentrationsindeks.
Nobelprisen i økonomi
Authors: Fink Nanna , Kærgård Niels
Published: September 2023

Økonomi opnåede i løbet af mellemkrigstiden i højere og højere grad accept og status som en rigtig videnskab, og der blev efterhånden nogenlunde enighed om, hvad god økonomi var. I forlængelse af dette blev der i 1968 i forbindelse med Sveriges Riksbanks 300 års jubilæum etableret en Nobelpris i økonomi. Artiklen giver en oversigt over hvem der har fået prisen, hvilke lande og universiteter de kom fra, og hvilke økonomiske skoler de har repræsenteret.
Nitric oxide feedback to ciliary photoreceptor cells gates a UV avoidance circuit
Authors: Jokura Kei , Ueda Nobuo , Gühmann Martin , Yañez-Guerra Luis Alfonso , Słowiński Piotr , Wedgwood Kyle C. A. , Jékely Gáspár
Published: September 2023

Nitric oxide (NO) produced by nitric-oxide synthase (NOS) is a key regulator of animal physiology. Here we uncover a function for NO in the integration of UV exposure and the gating of a UV-avoidance circuit. We studied UV/violet avoidance mediated by brain ciliary photoreceptors (cPRCs) in larvae of the annelid
Platynereis dumerilii
. In the larva, NOS is expressed in interneurons (INNOS) postsynaptic to cPRCs. UV stimulation of cPRCs triggers INNOS activation and NO production. NO signals retrogradely to cPRCs to induce their sustained post-stimulus activation through an unconventional guanylate cyclase. This late activation inhibits serotonergic ciliomotor neurons to induce downward swimming. In
NOS
mutants, retrograde signalling, circuit output and UV avoidance are defective. By mathematical modelling, we recapitulate phototransduction and circuit dynamics in wild-type and mutant larvae. Our results reveal how NO-mediated retrograde signalling gates a synaptic circuit and induces short-term memory of UV exposure to orchestrate light-avoidance behaviour.
PHFinder: assisted detection of point heteroplasmy in Sanger sequencing chromatograms
Authors: Suárez Menéndez Marcos , Rivera-León Vania E. , Robbins Jooke , Berube Martine , Palsbøll Per J.
Published: September 2023

Heteroplasmy is the presence of two or more organellar genomes (mitochondrial or plastid DNA) in an organism, tissue, cell or organelle. Heteroplasmy can be detected by visual inspection of Sanger sequencing chromatograms, where it appears as multiple peaks of fluorescence at a single nucleotide position. Visual inspection of chromatograms is both consuming and highly subjective, as heteroplasmy is difficult to differentiate from background noise. Few software solutions are available to automate the detection of point heteroplasmies, and those that are available are typically proprietary, lack customization or are unsuitable for automated heteroplasmy assessment in large datasets.

Here, we present PHFinder, a Python-based, open-source tool to assist in the detection of point heteroplasmies in large numbers of Sanger chromatograms. PHFinder automatically identifies point heteroplasmies directly from the chromatogram trace data. The program was tested with Sanger sequencing data from 100 humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) tissue samples with known heteroplasmies.

PHFinder detected most (90%) of the known heteroplasmies thereby greatly reducing the amount of visual inspection required. PHFinder is flexible and enables explicit specification of key parameters to infer double peaks (i.e., heteroplasmies).
The Role of Genetics and Plant Breeding for Crop Improvement: Current Progress and Future Prospects
Authors: Aswini M. S.  , Kiran  , Lenka Biswajit , Shaniware Yogesh Achyutrao , Pandey Priya , Dash Asit Prasad , Haokip Songthat William
Published: September 2023

Genetics and plant breeding play crucial roles in driving crop improvement efforts, ensuring sustainable food production and addressing global challenges such as population growth and climate change. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of the role of genetics and plant breeding in crop improvement, The article explores the fundamental principles of genetics, including inheritance patterns and genetic variation, and their implications for trait expression in crops. It discusses the application of genetic markers and quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping, along with the emerging field of genomic selection, in facilitating the selection of desirable traits for plant breeding programs. Traditional breeding methods, hybridization, and the integration of advanced molecular breeding tools are explored as means to enhance crop performance. Additionally, the potential of genome editing technologies, such as CRISPR-Cas9, in accelerating the breeding process and enabling precise modifications in plant genomes is discussed. The article also addresses important considerations in crop improvement, such as balancing yield improvement with agronomic traits, enhancing resistance against biotic and abiotic stresses, and incorporating socio-economic and environmental factors. Germplasm conservation and utilization for future breeding endeavors are emphasized. Overall, the review highlights the pivotal role of genetics and plant breeding in achieving crop improvement and underscores the need for ongoing research and innovation to meet the challenges of the future.
Memória e criação: aspectos cognitivos e o conceito de Equilíbrio Dinâmico no processo criativo de Balance
Authors: Sfoggia Lia Gunther , Bertissolo Guilherme
Published: September 2023

Este artigo enfoca as dimensões cognitivas envolvidas no processo de criação de [título de obra removido para avaliação]. Esta obra multimídia foi composta pelos autores a partir do conceito de Equilíbrio dinâmico, inferido por [nome do autor removido para avaliação] na sua pesquisa de doutorado no contexto da Capoeira Regional, a partir de um horizonte metodológico performativo. Inicialmente, abordamos as noções de memória e consciência em uma perspectiva incorporada da experiência neste contexto. Então, discutimos as relações música/movimento, as perspectivas musicais do arcabouço cognitivo e seus desdobramentos na noção de equilíbrio. Finalmente, apresentamos brevemente o conceito de Equilíbrio Dinâmico e discutimos o processo de criação de [título de obra removido para avaliação].
Participatory Sense-Making in Dance Improvisation
Authors: Walsh Lochlan , Whitehead Paige , Todd Rebecca
Published: September 2023

Participatory sense-making (PSM) provides a rich theoretical framework for theories in social cognition, providing a base for hypotheses that remain to be experimentally tested. Particularly, we are interested in exploring when synchrony arises between participating agents in social interactions. Additionally, we aim to see if altering the perceptual experiences of agents influences their ability to coordinate their intentions and behaviours. We propose a behavioural experiment that makes use of an existing dance improvisation paradigm to obtain measures of spontaneously arising coordinated behaviour. Then, we propose analysis methods, including instantaneous phase synchrony, to translate the behavioural observations into meaningful measures of coordination. We then present our expected results and discuss how they may contribute to the existing knowledge in social cognition. Additionally, we explore the implications of results that do not support our hypothesis, providing suggestions for future directions in testing hypotheses proposed by PSM.
Ensaio sobre serpentes: uma poética cênica para desfazer políticas de morte
Authors: Sare Larissa Lafit
Published: September 2023

Neste ensaio, reflito sobre as etapas de um processo de pesquisa em criação cênica no qual a máscara, a ciborgue e a quimera são figurações de uma serpente mítica que me conduzem a uma poética disparada por gatilhos diversos: memórias de infância, ancestralidades, estudos teóricos, experiências de estranhamento e de estrangeiramento, partida e retorno, encontros e perdas. Dialogando com téoricos como Deleuze & Guattari (1973, 1980), Foucault (1994, 2008), Butler (2006, 2009), Butler & Spivak (2007), Spivak (1998), Haraway (1991), Preciado (2013), Mbembe (2018), Lugones (2018), Trigo (2005), interrogo o teatro a partir de outros campos, para fazer emergir questões sobre um corpo de mulher que resiste à disciplina, subverte e aponta para outros possíveis poéticos, performativos e políticos.
Easy‐To‐Wear Auxetic SMA Knot‐Architecture for Spatiotemporal and Multimodal Haptic Feedbacks
Authors: Oh Saewoong , Song Tae‐Eun , Mahato Manmatha , Kim Ji‐Seok , Yoo Hyunjoon , Lee Myung‐Joon , Khan Mannan , Yeo Woon‐Hong , Oh Il‐Kwon
Published: September 2023

Wearable haptic interfaces prioritize user comfort, but also value the ability to provide diverse feedback patterns for immersive interactions with the virtual or augmented reality. Here, to provide both comfort and diverse tactile feedback, an easy‐to‐wear and multimodal wearable haptic auxetic fabric (WHAF) is prepared by knotting shape‐memory alloy wires into an auxetic‐structured fabric. This unique meta‐design allows the WHAF to completely expand and contract in 3D, providing superior size‐fitting and shape‐fitting capabilities. Additionally, a microscale thin layer of Parylene is coated on the surface to create electrically separated zones within the WHAF, featuring zone‐specified actuation for conveying diverse spatiotemporal information to users with using the WHAF alone. Depending on the body part it is worn on, the WHAF conveys either cutaneous or kinesthetic feedback, thus, working as a multimodal wearable haptic interface. As a result, when worn on the forearm, the WHAF intuitively provides spatiotemporal information to users during hands‐free navigation and teleoperation in virtual reality, and when worn on the elbow, the WHAF guides users to reach the desired elbow flexion, like a personal exercise advisor.
Plasticizer‐Induced Enhancement of Mesoscale Dissymmetry in Thin Films of Chiral Polymers with Variable Chain Length
Authors: Joseph Jojo P. , Malone Trent , Abraham Shema R. , Dutta Avisek , Gupta Sonal , Kuzmin Andrey , Baev Alexander , Swihart Mark T. , Hendrickson Joshua R. , Prasad Paras N.
Published: September 2023

Conjugated polymers with chiral side chains are of interest in areas including chiral photonics, optoelectronics, and chemical and biological sensing. However, the low dissymmetry factors of most neat polymer thin films have limited their practical application. Here, a robust method to increase the absorption dissymmetry factor in a poly‐fluorene‐thiophene (PF8TS series) system is demonstrated by varying molecular weight and introducing an achiral plasticizer, polyethylene mono alcohol (PEM‐OH). Extending chain length within the optimal range and adding this long‐chain alcohol significantly enhance the chiroptical properties of spin‐coated and annealed thin films. Mueller matrix spectroscopic ellipsometry (MMSE) analysis shows good agreement with the steady‐state transmission measurements confirming a strong chiral response (circular dichroism (CD) and circular birefringence (CB)), ruling out linear dichroism, birefringence, and specific reflection effects. Solid‐state NMR studies of annealed hybrid chiral polymer systems show enhancement of signals associated with aromatic π‐stacked backbone and the ordered side‐chain conformations. Further studies using Raman spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and polarized optical microscopy (POM) indicate that PEM‐OH facilitates mesoscopic crystal domain ordering upon annealing. This provides new insights into routes for tuning optical activity in conjugated polymers.
Partial Chemicalization of Nanoscale Metals: An Intra‐Material Transformative Approach for the Synthesis of Functional Colloidal Metal‐Semiconductor Nanoheterostructures
Authors: Bera Suman , Sahu Puspanjali , Dutta Anirban , Nobile Concetta , Pradhan Narayan , Cozzoli P. Davide
Published: September 2023

Heterostructuring colloidal nanocrystals into multicomponent modular constructs, where domains of distinct metal and semiconductor phases are interconnected through bonding interfaces, is a consolidated approach to advanced breeds of solution‐processable hybrid nanomaterials capable of expressing richly tunable and even entirely novel physical‐chemical properties and functionalities. To meet the challenges posed by the wet‐chemical synthesis of metal‐semiconductor nanoheterostructures and to overcome some intrinsic limitations of available protocols, innovative transformative routes, based on the paradigm of partial chemicalization, have recently been devised within the framework of the standard seeded‐growth scheme. These techniques involve regiospecific replacement reactions on preformed nanocrystal substrates, thus holding great synthetic potential for programmable configurational diversification. This review article illustrates achievements so far made in the elaboration of metal‐semiconductor nanoheterostructures with tailored arrangements of their component modules by means of conversion pathways that leverage on spatially controlled partial chemicalization of mono‐ and bi‐metallic seeds. The advantages and limitations of these approaches are discussed within the context of the most plausible mechanisms underlying the evolution of the nanoheterostructures in liquid media. Representative physical‐chemical properties and applications of chemicalization‐derived metal‐semiconductor nanoheterostructures are emphasized. Finally, prospects for developments in the field are outlined.
Phosphorescent‐Dye‐Sensitized Quantum‐Dot Light‐Emitting Diodes with 37% External Quantum Efficiency
Authors: Wang Yanping , Yang Yusen , Zhang Dingke , Zhang Tong , Xie Shiyi , Zhang Yu , Zhao Yong‐Biao , Mi Xiaoyun , Liu Xiuling
Published: September 2023

Exciton harvesting is of paramount importance for quantum‐dot light‐emitting diodes (QLEDs). Direct exciton harvesting by the quantum dots (QDs) emitting layer suffers from poor hole injection due to the low conduction bands and valence bands of QDs, leading to unbalanced electron–hole injection and recombination. To address this issue, here, an exciton sensitizing approach is reported, where excitons form on a phosphorescent‐dye‐doped layer, which then transfer their energies to adjacent QDs layer for photon emission. Due to the very efficient exciton formation and energy‐transfer processes, higher device performance can be achieved. To demonstrate the above strategy, red QLEDs with a phosphorescent dye, iridium (III) bis(2‐methyldibenzo‐[f,h]quinoxaline) (acetylacetonate), Ir(MDQ)2(acac), doped hole‐transporting layer are fabricated and studied. At a doping concentration of 10 wt%, the best device achieves record high current efficiency, power efficiency, and external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 37.3 cd A−1, 41 lm W−1, and 37%, respectively. Simultaneously, the efficiency roll‐off characteristic is greatly improved, in that 35% EQE can be well retained at a high luminance level of 450 000 cd m−2. Moreover, the devices also exhibit good stability and reproducibility.
Optimizing diabetic kidney disease animal models: Insights from a meta‐analytic approach
Authors: Li Fanghong , Ma Zhi , Cai Yajie , Zhou Jingwei , Liu Runping
Published: September 2023

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a prevalent complication of diabetes, often leading to end‐stage renal disease. Animal models have been widely used to study the pathogenesis of DKD and evaluate potential therapies. However, current animal models often fail to fully capture the pathological characteristics of renal injury observed in clinical patients with DKD. Additionally, modeling DKD is often a time‐consuming, costly, and labor‐intensive process. The current review aims to summarize modeling strategies in the establishment of DKD animal models by utilizing meta‐analysis related methods and to aid in the optimization of these models for future research. A total of 1215 articles were retrieved with the keywords of “diabetic kidney disease” and “animal experiment” in the past 10 years. Following screening, 84 articles were selected for inclusion in the meta‐analysis. Review manager 5.4.1 was employed to analyze the changes in blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and urinary albumin excretion rate in each model. Renal lesions shown in different models that were not suitable to be included in the meta‐analysis were also extensively discussed. The above analysis suggested that combining various stimuli or introducing additional renal injuries to current models would be a promising avenue to overcome existing challenges and limitations. In conclusion, our review article provides an in‐depth analysis of the limitations in current DKD animal models and proposes strategies for improving the accuracy and reliability of these models that will inspire future research efforts in the DKD research field.
Hydrogen‐Bonded Organic Framework to Upgrade Cycling Stability and Rate Capability of Li‐CO2 Batteries
Authors: Cheng Zhibin , Fang Yanlong , Yang Yisi , Zhang Hao , Fan Zhiwen , Zhang Jindan , Xiang Shengchang , Chen Banglin , Zhang Zhangjing
Published: September 2023

Elaborately designed multifunctional electrocatalysts capable of promoting Li+ and CO2 transport are essential for upgrading the cycling stability and rate capability of Li‐CO2 batteries. Hydrogen‐bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) with open channels and easily functionalized surfaces hold great potential for applications in efficient cathodes of Li‐CO2 batteries. Herein, a robust HOFS (HOF‐FJU‐1) is introduced for the first time as a co‐catalyst in the cathode material of Li‐CO2 batteries. HOF‐FJU‐1 with cyano groups located periodically in the pore can induce homogeneous deposition of discharge products and accommodate volumetric expansion of discharge products during cycling. Besides, HOF‐FJU‐1 enables effective interaction between Ru0 nanoparticles and cyano groups, thus forming efficient and uniform catalytic sites for CRR/CER. Moreover, HOF‐FJU‐1 with regularly arranged open channels are beneficial for CO2 and Li+ transport, enabling rapid redox kinetic conversion of CO2. Therefore, the HOF‐based Li‐CO2 batteries are capable of stable operation at 400 mA g−1 for 1800 h and maintain a low overpotential of 1.96 V even at high current densities up to 5 A g−1. This work provides valuable guidance for developing multifunctional HOF‐based catalysts to upgrade the longevity and rate capability of Li‐CO2 batteries.