bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trends in Analytical Methods for Analysis of Tobacco Products: An Overview
Authors: Dos Santos Costa Gislaine Natiele , Gomes Vasconcelos Bruna , De Souza Vargas de Moura Tayná , Galvão Martins Vivianne , Carvalho Chiapetta Simone
Published: July 2022

Abstract. Currently, due to the strong trends in policies to reduce smoking, several concerns related to quality control and regulation of tobacco products have been raised, as a great variety of products are available to consumers in the market. Considering that development of robust and selective analytical methods for tobacco and derivative products has been an important and necessary task over the years, however laborious, due to the complexity of the matrices. This work presents an overview of advances, innovation, and trends in analytical methods, focused on the chromatographic analysis of nicotine, tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs), humectants, pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and sugars in different tobacco products. Gas chromatography (GC) coupled with different detectors is widely used to analyze nicotine, humectants and TSNAs in tobacco leaves and derivative products, while liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) has been frequently used to analyze TSNAs in mainstream cigarette smoke and smokeless tobacco products. Pesticides were mainly analyzed in tobacco using GC or LC coupled with mass detector (MS), while PAHs and sugars were generally analyzed in tobacco and smoke using LC-MS and GC-MS techniques, respectively. In addition to already established methods and despite the lack of a worldwide standardization of methods, significant efforts have been made to develop analytical procedures for a wide variety of tobacco products, with a broad range of innovative chromatographic methods available. In this sense, a potential trend is the possibility of simultaneous determination of multiple components aiming to reduce the analysis time. The present study examined the main works that developed or improved analytical methods for identifying and quantifying priority compounds in different tobacco matrices and aims to contribute to future research with this objective, in addition, to promoting standardization of technical terms used in this analytical area. It is noteworthy that some of the methods mentioned here have not been validated and further studies are needed in order to obtain reproducible analytical methods for regulatory purposes.

Keywords: chromatography analyses; tobacco leaves; cigarette; cigarette smoke; smokeless tobacco products.
A importância da manutenção preventiva com foco na redução da manutenção corretiva em equipamentos médicos do Hospital Universitário de Vassouras/RJ
Authors: Brasil Baldez Marina , De Almeida Teixeira Melissa , Antonio Machado Junior José
Published: July 2022

A Engenharia Clínica tem um papel muito importante de avaliar, prestar manutenções e adquirir equipamentos eletromédicos para as unidades de saúde. A ausência desse setor pode trazer diversos prejuízos sérios, como o subaproveitamento dos equipamentos utilizados pelos médicos e o aumento de manutenções corretivas, o que pode levar a perdas financeiras e até a perda de uma vida. Com isso, o presente artigo visa responder a seguinte pergunta: qual a importância da utilização da manutenção preventiva quando há uma demanda alta de equipamentos que realizam a manutenção corretiva? Dessa forma, o objetivo do estudo foi analisar a importância da realização da manutenção preventiva, com o intuito de reduzir a manutenção corretiva dos equipamentos médicos do Hospital Universitário de Vassouras (HUV). Para a sua elaboração, foi realizada uma pesquisa descritiva, aplicada, quali-quantitativa e de campo no HUV. Quanto aos resultados, observou-se a importância da realização das manutenções preventivas quando aplicou-se a ferramenta de Criticidade ABC, que teve uma redução significativa de equipamentos quando comparados com a realização da manutenção corretiva. E, assim sendo, conclui-se então que a Engenharia Clínica é importante para o hospital, pois através de estratégias alinhadas, os resultados são satisfatórios e isso acontece desde que o planejamento da manutenção e o controle dos seus indicadores estejam alinhados.
القيادة الأصيلة ودورها في تعزيز مخرجات العمل الموقفية
Authors: Ahmad Rzgar Hama Rasheed , Amin Yousif obed
Published: July 2022

يهدف البحث الحالي الى توضيح الدور الذي تلعبه القيادة الأصيلة بأبعادها ( الوعي الذاتي ، والمعالجة المتوازنة ، والمنظور الاخلاقي وشفافية العلاقة في تعزيز مخرجات العمل الموقفية، وتحقيقاً لأهداف البحث تم اعتماد المنهج الوصفي التحليلي عن طريق تصميم إستمارة استبانة تم إعدادها بما يتوافق مع هدف البحث تم توزيعها في المنظمة المبحوثة ــ  جامعة السليمانية التقنية ، على عينة من المنتسبين ( كوادر تدريسية وموظفين) ، وبواقع ( 105 )إستمارة، في حين بلغ عدد الاستمارات المسترجعة والصالحة للتحليل (98) وبمعدل إستجابة مقدارها (93 %). تم تحليل البيانات المستحصلة من الميدان المبحوث باستخدام الرنامج الاحصائي (SPSS-V.20)  باعتماد مجموعة من أدوات التحليل منها  معامل الارتباط ، ونماذج الانحدار الخطي البسيط والمتعدد أيضا ، مما ساعد على التوصل إلى مجموعة من النتائج ، التي تم في ضوئها بلورة جملة من الاستنتاجات  من أهمها: إمكانية التعميم بخصوص أهمية دور القيادة الأصيلة ، بوصفها ذات ارتباط وتأثير جوهري في تعزيز مخرجات العمل الموقفية.
وفي ضوء جملة الاستنتاجات ، تم تقديم مجموعة من مقترحات ، و من أهمها: توظيف المنظمة المبحوثة لأبعاد القيادة الأصيلة في اعتماد ووضع سيناريوهات متنوعة للتعامل مع مواقف العمل المختلفة. وجعل أبعاد القيادة الأصيلة كجزء رئيسي من أسلوب عمل المدراء في المنظمة. و اخيرا توعية وتدريب الأفراد العاملين على وضع الإجراءات الإستباقية ضمن اهتماماتهم القصوى عند التعامل مع مواقف العمل المختلفة المتوقعة.
Crecimiento verde y agricultura climáticamente inteligente en el cultivo de plátano (Musa AAB)
Authors: Bautista Montealegre Luis Gabriel , Bolaños Benavides Martha Marina , Ramírez-Valencia Valentina
Published: July 2022

Este documento aporta información agronómica valiosa que atiende las necesidades, fortalezas y debilidades de algunas prácticas realizadas en el cultivo de plátano (Musa AAB) en el país y contextualiza las actividades propuestas con un enfoque de crecimiento verde para incrementar la productividad en el uso de recursos y aumentar los ingresos para los interesados en esta actividad. En este sentido, el documento va dirigido a todo público que se quiera informar sobre las oportunidades que la Política de Crecimiento Verde genera en el cultivo de plátano o que desee estudiar las prácticas agronómicas sugeridas por expertos y estudiosos del tema.
Electronic Patient Portal Access, Retention in Care, and Viral Suppression Among People Living With HIV in Southeastern United States: Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Schember Cassandra Oliver , Scott Sarah E , Jenkins Cathy A , Rebeiro Peter F , Turner Megan , Furukawa Sally S , Bofill Carmen , Yan Zhou , Jackson Gretchen P , Pettit April C
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND

Approximately 1.1 million people living with HIV live in the United States, and the incidence is highest in Southeastern United States. Electronic patient portal prevalence is increasing and can improve engagement in primary medical care. Retention in care and viral suppression—measures of engagement in HIV care—are associated with decreased HIV transmission, morbidity, and mortality.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to determine if patient portal access among people living with HIV was associated with retention and viral suppression.

METHODS

We conducted an observational cohort study among people living with HIV in care at the Vanderbilt Comprehensive Care Clinic (Nashville, Tennessee) from 2011-2016. Individual access was defined as patient portal account registration at any point in the year prior. Retention was defined as ≥2 kept appointments or HIV lab measurements ≥3 months apart within a 12-month period. Viral suppression was defined as the last viral load in the calendar year <200 copies/mL. We calculated adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and 95% CIs using modified Poisson regression with generalized estimating equations to estimate the association of portal access with retention and viral suppression.

RESULTS

We included 4237 people living with HIV contributing 16,951 person-years of follow-up (median 5, IQR 3-5 person-years). The median age was 43 (IQR 33-50) years. Of the 4237 people living with HIV, 78.1% (n=4237) were male, 40.8% (n=1727) were Black non-Hispanic, and 56.5% (n=2395) had access. Access was independently associated with retention (aPR 1.13, 95% CI 1.10-1.17) and viral suppression (aPR 1.18, 95% CI 1.14-1.22).

CONCLUSIONS

In this population, patient portal access was associated with retention and viral suppression. Future prospective studies should assess the impact of increasing portal access among people living with HIV on these HIV outcomes.
Implementation of Evidence-Informed Behavioral Health Models to Improve HIV Health Outcomes for Black Men Who Have Sex With Men (Black MSM Initiative): Protocol for Program Evaluation (Preprint)
Authors: Hodge Sarah E , Johnson-Turbes Ashani , Flemming Shauna St. Clair , Passero Meredith , Tinsley Melinda , Iheanyichukwu Thelma ,   The Black MSM Initiative Study Group
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND

The HIV epidemic in the United States disproportionately affects Black communities. Nearly half of Black men who have sex with men (MSM) will be diagnosed with HIV in their lifetime. There is a significant unmet need for behavioral health care services among Black MSM, and untreated behavioral health needs make it less likely the person is retained in HIV care.

OBJECTIVE

This paper offers a description of the Implementation of Evidence-Informed Behavioral Health Models to Improve HIV Health Outcomes for Black Men who have Sex with Men (Black MSM) Initiative, a program to integrate clinical care and behavioral health/supportive services for Black MSM with HIV. The Black MSM Initiative is funded through the Health Resources & Services Administration HIV/AIDS Bureau Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program (RWHAP) Part F Special Projects of National Significance.

METHODS

The components of the Black MSM Initiative include providing technical assistance to 8 Initiative demonstration sites; conducting a comprehensive and culturally responsive, mixed method, multisite evaluation; and disseminating evaluation findings and lessons learned to the RWHAP community.

RESULTS

As of December 31, 2020, demonstration sites enrolled 809 clients in the multisite evaluation. The research team will continue evaluation data collection through December 2021 for analysis and dissemination starting in 2022. The Black MSM Initiative fully supports the US Department of Health and Human Services’ Ending the HIV Epidemic in the United States Initiative.

CONCLUSIONS

In order to succeed, providers and programs will need to engage populations traditionally considered “hard to reach,” like many people receiving RWHAP services. Findings and lessons learned from the Black MSM Initiative will expand the tool kit of solutions to support and retain Black MSM in HIV care, furthering the goals of the Ending the HIV Epidemic Initiative and the RWHAP.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/36025
Single-Session Interventions Embedded Within Tumblr: Acceptability, Feasibility, and Utility Study (Preprint)
Authors: Dobias Mallory L , Morris Robert R , Schleider Jessica L
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND

Existing mental health treatments are insufficient for addressing mental health needs at scale, particularly for teenagers, who now seek mental health information and support on the web. Single-session interventions (SSIs) may be particularly well suited for dissemination as embedded web-based support options that are easily accessible on popular social platforms.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to evaluate the acceptability and effectiveness of three SSIs, each with a duration of 5 to 8 minutes (Project Action Brings Change, Project Stop Adolescent Violence Everywhere, and REFRAME)—embedded as Koko minicourses on Tumblr—to improve three key mental health outcomes: hopelessness, self-hate, and the desire to stop self-harm behavior.

METHODS

We used quantitative data (ie, star ratings and SSI completion rates) to evaluate acceptability and short-term utility of all 3 SSIs. Paired 2-tailed t tests were used to assess changes in hopelessness, self-hate, and the desire to stop future self-harm from before to after the SSI. Where demographic information was available, the analyses were restricted to teenagers (13-19 years). Examples of positive and negative qualitative user feedback (ie, written text responses) were provided for each program.

RESULTS

The SSIs were completed 6179 times between March 2021 and February 2022. All 3 SSIs generated high star ratings (>4 out of 5 stars), with high completion rates (approximately 25%-57%) relative to real-world completion rates among other digital self-help interventions. Paired 2-tailed t tests detected significant pre-post reductions in hopelessness for those who completed Project Action Brings Change (P<.001, Cohen dz=−0.81, 95% CI −0.85 to −0.77) and REFRAME (P<.001, Cohen dz=−0.88, 95% CI −0.96 to −0.80). Self-hate significantly decreased (P<.001, Cohen dz=−0.67, 95% CI −0.74 to −0.60), and the desire to stop self-harm significantly increased (P<.001, Cohen dz=0.40, 95% CI 0.33 to 0.47]) from before to after the completion of Project Stop Adolescent Violence Everywhere. The results remained consistent across sensitivity analyses and after correcting for multiple tests. Examples of positive and negative qualitative user feedback point toward future directions for SSI research.

CONCLUSIONS

Very brief SSIs, when embedded within popular social platforms, are one promising and acceptable method for providing free, scalable, and potentially helpful mental health support on the web. Considering the unique barriers to mental health treatment access that many teenagers face, this approach may be especially useful for teenagers without access to other mental health supports.
Information Sharing through Digital Service Agreement (Preprint)
Authors: Elvas Luis , Helgheim Berit Irene , Martins Ana Lucia , Ferreira Joao
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND

Data sharing and services reuse in the health sector is a significant problem due to privacy, security issues. The European Commission has classified health data as a unique resource owing to the ability to do both prospective and retrospective research at a low cost. Similarly, the OECD encourages member nations to create and implement health data governance systems that protect individual privacy while allowing data sharing.

OBJECTIVE

This paper aimed to describe a conceptual framework to allow medical information sharing among health entities in a secure environment. A framework of shared Artificial Intelligent services is proposed to provide a safe environment for information sharing based on digital services agreements (DSA) and a shared services infrastructure for artificial intelligence (AI) and knowledge creation.

METHODS

An action research approach was used to develop a solution to enable health data sharing towards infrastructure of sharing AI services

RESULTS

We provide a framework that will allow secure information exchange between different health organisations in the future. This information will create an opportunity for AI to identify the pattern, and make disease predictions at an early stage. A framework for secure information sharing among patient information is proposed to improve health care services. This approach allows the creation of big data and enhances the quality of the service provided at a lower cost for the servicing health entity.

CONCLUSIONS

From the collaborative platform with privacy, health data can be shared, and shared analytics services will allow an easy and fast application of AI algorithms. The framework allows data prosumers (producers/consumers) to easily express their preferences on sharing their data, which analytics operations can be performed on such data and by whom the resulting data can be shared, among other relevant aspects. This entails a framework that combines several technologies for expressing and enforcing data sharing agreements and technologies to perform data analytics operations compliant. Among these technologies, we can mention data-centric policy enforcement mechanisms and data analysis operations directly performed on encrypted data provided by multiple prosumers. The framework is mainly based on an Information Sharing Infrastructure (ISI) and an Information Analysis Infrastructure (IAI) that can be deployed in several ways and on several devices (from cloud to mobile devices).
Evaluating the acceptance and usability of an app promoting weight gain prevention and healthy behaviours amongst young women with a family history of breast cancer: protocol for observational study (Preprint)
Authors: Pegington Mary , Davies Alan , Mueller Julia , Cholerton Rachel , Howell Anthony , Evans D Gareth , Howell Sacha J , French David P , Harvie Michelle
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND

Breast cancer is the most common female cancer and around 20% of cases are associated with factors such as adult weight gain, overweight and obesity, and potentially modifiable health behaviours including high alcohol intake, smoking, lack of physical activity and breastfeeding. Significant weight gain occurs between the ages of 18 and 35 years hence this age group could benefit from weight gain prevention interventions. Population studies have reported that women at increased risk of breast cancer account for a disproportionate amount of cases. Thus there is a particular need to target weight gain prevention and other health behaviour interventions to women at increased risk. With Patient and Participant Involvement from the target population we have developed an app to promote healthy behaviours amongst young women at increased risk of breast cancer. The app includes goal setting and self-monitoring of health behaviours, and provides education about breast cancer. Social/peer support and contact with the research team is provided via a separate, private, Facebook group.

OBJECTIVE

To assess the acceptability and usability of the app in young women at increased risk of breast cancer, and feasibility of the study procedures for a future efficacy study.

METHODS

Young women (n=35, age 18-35 years) at increased risk of breast cancer (>17% lifetime risk) will be recruited via two recruitment procedures: mailed invite from the local breast cancer Family History, Risk and Prevention Clinic, and advertisements on social media and websites. Participants will have access to the app and the private Facebook group for two months. They will complete questionnaires regarding their health behaviours and breast cancer risk belief at the start and end of the study, complete app rating scales in the middle and at the end of the study, and be invited to give feedback on the app during the study period. Approximately 20 participants will be interviewed at the end of study regarding their views on the app and trial procedures.

RESULTS

The trial is ongoing. Publication of results is anticipated in 2023.

CONCLUSIONS

The trial will provide evidence regarding the acceptability and usability of the newly-developed app to young women at increased risk of breast cancer. Feedback obtained will be used to improve the app. The trial will also assess the feasibility of the study procedures planned for a future efficacy study and use the results to refine the trial procedures.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05460650
The Use of Digital Technology for COVID-19 Detection and Response Management in Indonesia: Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Nur Aisyah Dewi , Lokopessy Alfiano Fawwaz , Naman Maryan , Diva Haniena , Manikam Logan , Adisasmito Wiku , Kozlakidis Zisis
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 pandemic has triggered a greater use of digital technologies as part of the health care response in many countries, including Indonesia. It is the world’s fourth-most populous nation and Southeast Asia’s most populous country, with considerable public health pressures.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of our study is to identify and review the use of digital health technologies in COVID-19 detection and response management in Indonesia.

METHODS

We conducted a literature review of publicly accessible information in technical and scientific journals, as well as news articles from September 2020 to August 2022 to identify the use case examples of digital technologies in COVID-19 detection and response management in Indonesia.

RESULTS

The results are presented in 3 groups, namely (1) big data, artificial intelligence, and machine learning (technologies for the collection or processing of data); (2) health care system technologies (acting at the public health level); and (3) COVID-19 screening, population treatment, and prevention population treatment (acting at the individual patient level). Some of these technologies are the result of government-academia-private sector collaborations during the pandemic, which represent a novel, multisectoral practice in Indonesia within the public health care ecosystem. A small number of the identified technologies pre-existed the pandemic but were upgraded and adapted for current needs.

CONCLUSIONS

Digital technologies were developed in Indonesia during the pandemic, with a direct impact on supporting COVID-19 management, detection, response, and treatment. They addressed different areas of the technological spectrum and with different levels of adoption, ranging from local to regional to national. The indirect impact of this wave of technological creation and use is a strong foundation for fostering future multisectoral collaboration within the national health care system of Indonesia.
Dynamics of the Negative Discourse Toward COVID-19 Vaccines: Topic Modeling Study and an Annotated Data Set of Twitter Posts (Preprint)
Authors: Lindelöf Gabriel , Aledavood Talayeh , Keller Barbara
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND

Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, vaccines have been an important topic in public discourse. The discussions around vaccines are polarized, as some see them as an important measure to end the pandemic, and others are hesitant or find them harmful. A substantial portion of these discussions occurs openly on social media platforms. This allows us to closely monitor the opinions of different groups and their changes over time.

OBJECTIVE

This study investigated posts related to COVID-19 vaccines on Twitter (Twitter Inc) and focused on those that had a negative stance toward vaccines. It examined the evolution of the percentage of negative tweets over time. It also examined the different topics discussed in these tweets to understand the concerns and discussion points of those holding a negative stance toward the vaccines.

METHODS

A data set of 16,713,238 English tweets related to COVID-19 vaccines was collected, covering the period from March 1, 2020, to July 31, 2021. We used the scikit-learn Python library to apply a support vector machine classifier to identify the tweets with a negative stance toward COVID-19 vaccines. A total of 5163 tweets were used to train the classifier, of which a subset of 2484 tweets was manually annotated by us and made publicly available along with this paper. We used the BERTopic model to extract the topics discussed within the negative tweets and investigate them, including how they changed over time.

RESULTS

We showed that the negativity with respect to COVID-19 vaccines has decreased over time along with the vaccine rollouts. We identified 37 topics of discussion and presented their respective importance over time. We showed that popular topics not only consisted of conspiratorial discussions, such as 5G towers and microchips, but also contained legitimate concerns around vaccination safety and side effects as well as concerns about policies. The most prevalent topic among vaccine-hesitant tweets was related to the use of messenger RNA and fears about its speculated negative effects on our DNA.

CONCLUSIONS

Hesitancy toward vaccines existed before the COVID-19 pandemic. However, given the dimension of and circumstances surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic, some new areas of hesitancy and negativity toward COVID-19 vaccines have arisen, for example, whether there has been enough time for them to be properly tested. There is also an unprecedented number of conspiracy theories associated with them. Our study shows that even unpopular opinions or conspiracy theories can become widespread when paired with a widely popular discussion topic such as COVID-19 vaccines. Understanding the concerns, the discussed topics, and how they change over time is essential for policy makers and public health authorities to provide better in-time information and policies to facilitate the vaccination of the population in future similar crises.
Yeast Species and Bioactive-Compounds of Traditional Rice Wine Originated from Lombok Island, Indonesia
Authors: Sumerta I Nyoman , Yuliani Yeni , Komalasari Maya , Purnaningsih Ismu , Kanti Atit
Published: July 2022

In fermented beverages, yeasts have been exploited for many years and are well-known as alcohol producers. In Indonesian traditional beverages, however, information about microbiology and potential bioactive-compounds of rice wine produced by the local people, especially in Lombok, are limited. The present study described the compounds of traditional rice wine including yeast species and its produced compounds that have biological activity. The yeast in rice wine was isolated using three growth agar media by serial dilution, selected the yeast colonies for molecular identification, and performed gas chromatography tandem with mass spectrometry for profiling the chemical compounds of the rice wine. The result indicated that the rice wine sold without distillation still contained Saccharomyces cerevisiae as the main alcohol producer. Meanwhile, at least six bioactive-compounds such as l-(+)-Ascorbic acid 2,6-dihexadecanoate, performic acid, octadecanoic acid, sulfurous acid, tetratriacontane, and eicosane were detected and reportedly related to antimicrobial, antiviral, anticancer, and other pharmacological activities. These findings could be the first step of studies on exploring Indonesian’s local rice wine as alcohol and bioactive-compound sources for health benefits.
Comparison of Family Function and Mental Emotional Health of Adolescents in a State Junior High School, Modern and Traditional Boarding Schools
Authors: Widyaningsih Betty Nuning , Marchira Carla R. , Claramita Mora
Published: July 2022

Background: Emotional and mental disorders can be experienced by all adolescents in both state junior high schools and in boarding schools. Students live with their parents and relatives at home in the state junior high schools. In contrast, in boarding schools, students must live independently, away from their parents, adapt to different boarding school environments, and are obliged to obey regulations. Objectives: To find out whether there are differences in family functions as well as emotional and mental disorders of adolescents in state junior high schools and modern and traditional boarding schools. Subjects: 433 adolescents aged 12-16 years were categorized into 191 adolescents in state junior high schools, 136 adolescents from modern boarding schools, and 106 adolescents from traditional boarding schools. This study used descriptive analytic designs with multivariate comparative approach methods. Instruments: Using the Family APGAR (Adaptability, Partnership, Growth, Affection, and Resolve) and Strength and Difficulty Questionnaire (SDQ) questionnaires, the total difficulty score was a combination of hyperactivity score, emotional score, behavior score, and peer score. A power score was considered a pro-social (behavior that supports others) score. Results: Function measurement of adolescents’ families in state junior high schools and modern and traditional boarding schools showed a highly functional Family APGAR score, p=0.265 (p>0.05). The adolescent SDQ score in state junior high schools was abnormal in the total score of difficulty and the hyperactivity score classification but borderline on peer score. The adolescent SDQ score in modern boarding schools showed abnormal results in a total difficulty and hyperactivity score, with a borderline peer score. SDQ scores of adolescents in traditional boarding schools were abnormal on the total score of difficulty and borderline on peer score. Conclusion: There was no significant difference in function between adolescents in the state junior high schools and modern and traditional boarding schools. However, there were significant differences between emotional and mental disorders of adolescents in state junior high schools and modern and traditional boarding schools. This mental health concern requires promoting and preventive efforts of a holistic family approach between adolescents, parents, teachers, and family doctors.
Municipal councils for sustainable development and their relationship with agroecology
Authors: Caffé Samuel Cronemberger , Oliveira Lucia Marisy Souza Ribeiro de , Moreira Marcia Bento , Oliveira Samuel Horácio de , Souza Nilo Ramos Moreira de
Published: July 2022

This article discusses the institutionalization of Municipal Sustainable Development Councils and their relationship with the emergence of agroecology in family farming, taking as a cut the approach to the theme in the State of Bahia and specifically in the municipality of Jaguarari. The sources of evidence for data collection were based on a bibliographic and documental review, as well as an approach by the qualitative method. For its elaboration, it was necessary to go through routes of consultations and detailed readings that endorsed that the mobilizations and popular social struggles in Brazil were the way to arrive at institutionalized councils as spaces for decisions taken before exclusively within the scope of the Public Power. Another aspect of the article that is intertwined with the achievements of participation of collegiate decisions in the municipalities and in the sphere of family agriculture is the recognition of agroecology as a relevant support for the structuring and organization of an alternative form of democratic society, environmentally sustainable and responsible for the current and future generations.
Descriptive analysis of COVID-19 cases and deaths among traffic professionals in a brazilian Amazon metropolis, between 2020 and 2021
Authors: Batista Vanessa de Almeida , Simões Marcelo Coelho , Furtado Layse Gomes , Ferreira Ana Lúcia da Silva , Silva Natalia Kiss Nogueira da , Pontes Altem Nascimento , da Silva Silvia Cristina Santos , Souza Elzianne Pires de , Matias André Carvalho , Bichara Cléa Nazaré Carneiro
Published: July 2022

The transport service was considered essential during the new coronavirus pandemic, leaving professionals exposed to contagion by the Sars-Cov-2 virus. Cases and deaths from COVID-19 reported in the state of Pará, Brazil, among professionals in the transit and transport sector were analyzed. A descriptive observational epidemiological study was carried out with official data from the Pará state health department, available from March 2020 to May 2021. The case fatality rate was estimated and a map of the spatial distribution of COVID-19 was produced. There were 3 028 cases and 63 deaths, of which 95% were male. Most cases were reported in the municipalities of Parauapebas, Belém and Marabá, respectively. Transport services have not completely stopped, leaving professionals vulnerable due to daily contact with users, needing to prioritize preventive measures against COVID-19 in the group.
Direct Action for Unconstitutionality by Omission (ADO): In Generality
Authors: Santiago Giselle Feliz , Filho Olavo Bilac Quaresma de Oliveira
Published: July 2022

The article deals with unconstitutionality by omission within a generalist perspective, in the light of the most recent legal doctrines and analyses. Discussions that deal with the appropriateness of a writ of mandamus and the problematization with the lack of legal homogeneity in Brazil in these cases are observed here, especially about doctrinal conflicts. The actions and problems related to the ordinary effects in the ADO are debated within the recent doctrine, based on the understandings presented by the scholars, legislators, and the Superior Courts.
An Examination of a Major All Cargo Airline Energy Management: The Case of Cargolux Airlines International
Authors: Baxter Glenn
Published: July 2022

Based on the use of a qualitative longitudinal research design, this study examines Cargolux Airlines International, a major global air cargo airline, sustainable energy management. The study covers the period 2012 to 2020. Cargolux Airlines International energy sources are aircraft (Jet A1) aircraft fuel, diesel, cooling energy, electricity, heating energy, industrial fuel, natural gas, and unleaded gasoline 95. The case study revealed that Cargolux’s Jet A1 fuel consumption has principally exhibited an upward trend reflecting the growth in the airline’s services, route network expansion, and the growth in the aircraft fleet during the study period. Cargolux Airlines International annual cooling energy consumption (kWh) oscillated over the study period reflecting differing cooling requirements. Cargolux Airlines International annual diesel consumption fluctuated quite markedly during the study period reflecting differing vehicle fuel consumption requirements and usage. The case study found that there was a general downward trend in Cargolux Airlines International annual electricity consumption during the period 2012 to 2015, whilst there was a general upward trend in the airline’s electricity consumption from 2016 to 2020. The airline’s annual heating consumption also oscillated over the study period reflecting differing heating requirements. Cargolux Airlines International annual industrial fuel consumption primarily displayed a general downward trend. The airline’s annual natural gas consumption has fluctuated throughout the study period reflecting differing consumption patterns at the airline. Cargolux annual 95 gasoline consumption displayed a general downward trend from 2012 to 2015, and a general upward trend from 2015 to 2020. Throughout the study period, Cargolux Airlines International implemented a range of energy savings measures that enabled the airline to optimize its energy consumption.
Minimal connected restrained monophonic sets in graphs
Authors: Santhakumaran A. P. , Titus P. , Ganesamoorthy K.
Published: July 2022

For a connected graph G = (V, E) of order at least two, a connected restrained monophonic set S of G is a restrained monophonic set such that the subgraph G[S] induced by S is connected. The minimum cardinality of a connected restrained monophonic set of G is the connected restrained monophonic number of G and is denoted by mcr(G). A connected restrained monophonic set S of G is called a minimal connected restrained monophonic set if no proper subset of S is a connected restrained monophonic set of G. The upper connected restrained monophonic number of G, denoted by m+cr(G), is defined as the maximum cardinality of a minimal connected restrained monophonic set of G. We determine bounds for it and certain general properties satisfied by this parameter are studied. It is shown that, for positive integers a, b such that 4 ≤ a ≤ b, there exists a connected graph G such that mcr(G) = a and m+cr(G) = b.
Educación intercultural bilingüe en una escuela amazónica del Perú, en el marco de la COVID-19
Authors: Vigil Oliveros Nila
Published: July 2022

La llegada de la covid-19 al Perú trajo como consecuencia que las clases escolares presenciales se suspendieran y que el gobierno peruano desarrollara la estrategia “Aprendo en Casa”, que suponía el uso de televisión, radio y tecnologías de la información y comunicación, si bien ésta puede ser válida para los ámbitos urbanos de clase media y alta, no tiene razón de ser en las escuelas rurales del Perú, en las que no hay electricidad ni internet. Es desde el testimonio de una docente de la Amazonía peruana que queremos presentar cómo se llevó a cabo la educación intercultural bilingüe del Perú, en el ámbito amazónico, en tiempos de covid.
De la privatización a la mercantilización de la educación superior
Authors: Didriksson Takayanagui Axel , Herrera Márquez Alma X. , Villafán Aguilar Lidia Jacqueline , Huerta Martínez Bolivar , Torres Ríos Dante
Published: July 2022

Este libro hace un recorrido desde el contexto en que surge la educación superior privada en nuestro país hasta el balance de los nuevos procesos que la complejizan. Asimismo, propone esquemas innovadores que fortalecen la tesis de que la educación es un bien público y que tiene que distribuirse en beneficio de todos los sectores de la sociedad.
Phenotypic Characterization of Virulence Factors and Antibiogram of Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates from Various Clinical Samples – A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Hullur Madhavi S. , Natarajan Arvind , Sreeramulu P.N.
Published: July 2022

K. pneumoniae is known to cause hospital and community acquired infections. It is usually associated with upper & lower respiratory infections, septicaemia, urinary tract infection, wound infections, neonatal sepsis, meningitis, and endophthalmitis. The virulence factors play a role in its existence in different environmental conditions and therefore help in establishing Klebsiella pneumoniae infection in the human body. Multi drug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae is an increasing threat to human health. Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the species recognized as nosocomial pathogens that exhibit multidrug resistance and virulence in ESKAPE group as per WHO. The study was conducted to determine the various virulence factors & the antimicrobial pattern of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates. A cross sectional observational study, conducted in Department of Microbiology of R.L. Jalappa Hospital and Research Centre, Kolar, Sample size of 150. All 150 Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates collected for the study, The Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates which were positive for various virulence factors were as follows on hemolysis 7(4.66%), capsule 150(100%), Hypermucoviscosity formation 66(44%), biofilm production 81(54%), siderophore production 110(73.33%), protease 135(90%), gelatinase 126(84%), lipase production 119(79.33%), lecithinase activity 82(54.66%). The drug resistance klebsiella pneumoniae were as follows: ESBL producers 24(16.67%), AmpC producers were 22(14.67%), MDR 116(74.20%), extensive drug resistant (XDR) 30(20%), pan drug resistant (PDR) 42(28%), Carbapenem resistance 65.33% reported. The increasing coexistence of virulence factors & antimicrobial resistance pattern is of particular concern. Hence active surveillance for antimicrobial resistance & virulence determinants is imperative now to implement effective control measures to prevent the rapid spread of drug resistance.
https://www.ijraset.com/best-journal/stream-processing-for-association-rule-using-apriori-algorithm-on-student-dataset-824
Authors: R Abhishek
Published: July 2022

Abstract: In general, the most suitable choices in improvement of reinforcement concrete frame against lateral loading is use of bracing system. This paper deals with the, “SEISMIC ANALYSIS OF G+4 STOREY BUILDING WITH X-BRACING UNDER ZONE V”. In this paper, the seismic analysis of reinforced concrete (RC) buildings with X type of bracing with rectangular and reinforced concrete (RC) buildings without bracing with rectangular are compared. For this analysis of work a four-storey (G+4) building is considered which is situated in seismic zone V. The building models are analysed by equivalent static analysis as per recommendation given by IS 1893:2002 using ETABS software. This paper includes the comparison of seismic analysis of building with rectangular columns by using X-bracing system mentioned above and also the comparison between the response of the structure with bracings and structure without bracings.
Detection of License Plate If Helmet Not Found
Authors: Minavathi Dr
Published: July 2022

Abstract: Motorbike accidents has been growing more in the current years, due to high usage of superbike which is nearly 300- 1200cc, which may reach the speed of 200-300 kmph, in that hyper speed, there are more chances of accidents. In India not only over speeding causes accidents, due to bad roads and road bumps will cause accident even though people riding in low speed. Also, if raider violates the traffic rules cops may try to catch the riders, it might be bit difficult to catch the riders sometime they may escape, it will be too difficult to board a case on them by capturing the License Plate number manually, therefore its highly necessary to build an automated based helmet and license plate recognition based on Deep Learning system using YOLO algorithm
Crime Activity Detection Using Machine Learning
Authors: B Ravinarayana
Published: July 2022

Abstract: This study focuses mostly on criminal activity identification. To solve this issue, we employ the machine learning methodology. A criminal offense is characterized as an act or omission that violates the law and is penalized. Crimes seldom involve a particular place because they can occur anywhere, from small towns to major cities. Using an automated video surveillance system rather than human operators is one strategy to combat this issue. A system like this allows for simultaneous monitoring of numerous screens without sacrificing focus. Intelligent video surveillance is only one of the many fields where understanding human behavior in the actual world has applications.
Stress Detection Smartwatch
Authors: Sara Meghshanth
Published: July 2022

Abstract: When a person is unable to handle their circumstances, responsibilities, and workload, stress is a natural emotion that is produced. A person's physical and mental health may suffer when the body is triggered, which can be deadly. The physical impacts of stress on a person's body can include an increase in blood pressure, a rapid heartbeat, increased muscle tension, headaches, a decrease in bodily immunity functions, and a decrease in sleepiness, among other things. The latest technology, known as smartwatches, provides the user with easy access to mobile features. Users can employ the stress-detecting capabilities of high-end smartwatches. Although they can be used to understand things better, these stress applications for smartwatches are not precise in how they operate. Heart rate variability, or HRV, is used by smartwatches and involves the intervals between each heartbeat that the sensor records. A person who has a low HRV is likely under stress. Although stress applications may not be as precise as medical equipment, they are dependable when necessary because there is a good likelihood that the data is accurate. An Electro Dermal Activity (EDA) sensor, found in some smartwatches, monitors tension by electrically altering the amount of sweat on our skin. You must spend two minutes with your palm on the watch dial to achieve the same. As an increase in heart rate is a direct outcome of stress, stress is recognized in the project utilizing heart rate. Since it is also an immediate outcome of stress, heart rate is used in the implementation. In this sector, mobile applications give users a way to explore this data graphically or in greater detail. The user of mobile applications might utilize them for medical purposes and to understand the data
Forecast of mRNA Articulation in Cows Milk Utilizing mRNA Auxiliary Designs and ML Classifiers
Authors: G C Jyothi
Published: July 2022

Abstract: The mRNA molecules expressed in cow’s milk are important molecular biomarkers for different physiological and pathological conditions in cattle. The prediction of the quantity that a specific mRNA type could be expressed in cow’s milk is a challenging theoretical task. The current study presents for the first time several different Machine Learning models to predict the mRNA expression using the mRNA secondary structure fragments.
1D Cerium Oxide Nanorods: Synthesis, Characterization and their Humidity Sensing Application
Authors: Khadse V. R.
Published: July 2022

Abstract: The formaldehyde-assisted hydrothermal system is used to synthesize CeO2 nanorods by using precursor like cerium nitrate. Concentration of precursors and hydrothermal temperature affects the morphologies of these one-dimensional (1D) CeO2 Nanomaterial’s. This is achieved to control the reaction degree of Cannizzaro disproportionation tuned by Na/Ce molar ratio. The XRD, FESEM, FTIR and TEM these characterization techniques have been used to characterize the crystal structure and morphology of the as-synthesized CeO2. Humidity sensing characteristics such as hysteresis, repeatability, impedancerelative humidity (RH) characteristics, response and recovery behavior, and stability of CeO2 nanostructure have been investigated in detail for given precursor. The sensor showed rapid response and recovery, prominent stability, high humidity sensitivity, good repeatability and narrow hysteresis loop i.e. suitable candidate for the fabrication of the humidity sensors.
Stroke Analysis Using 10 ML Comparison
Authors: Uma S. K.
Published: July 2022

Abstract: An illness known as a stroke damages the brain by rupturing the blood arteries in the brain. It can also happen when the passage of blood and other functioning of the brain is disrupted. The biggest cause of death and disability worldwide, according to the WHO, is stroke. The majority of research has been done on heart attack predictions, but very little research has been done on brain stroke risk. Considering this, numerous ML models are created to estimate the risk of a brain stroke. This work uses Ten ML Models such as Gaussian Naive Bayes, Bernoulli Naive Bayes, Gradient Boosting Classifier, Stochastic Gradient Descent, KNN, SVM, Decision Tree, Random Forest, Logistic Regression and MLP Classifier Classification. To analyze a wide range of physiological parameters and for precise prediction, The KNN algorithm, which had an accuracy of almost 94 percent, accomplished this task the best.
Real Time Driver Drowsiness Detector Using Machine Learning
Authors: M S Abdul Razak
Published: July 2022

Abstract: Driver drowsiness has become one of the major reasons of deadly road accidents that lead to serious physical injuries, loss of lives. Continuously driving for long hours without rest causes fatigue and consequently fatal road accidents. Intense workload on the drivers tends to make them work overtime. These long working hours make them fatigued which in turn makes them feel drowsy while driving. The major victims of this overburden are the truck drivers and bus drivers who drive non-stop throughout day and night. This imposes a major threat to a human life and as well as to the life of the passengers. The aim of this is to develop a prototype drowsiness detection system (DDD). The focus will be placed on designing a system that will accurately monitor the open or closed state of the driver’s eyes in real-time. By monitoring the eyes, it is believed that the symptoms of driver fatigue can be detected early enough to avoid a car accident.
Producing Biodiesel from Neem Oil Using a Two-Step Transesterification Process
Authors: Chaudhary Jyoti
Published: July 2022

Abstract: As a renewable, biodegradable, and non-toxic fuel, biodiesel has attracted a lot of attention during the past century. It is a methyl ester of a fatty acid made from triglycerides by the methanol transesterification process. Due to the alarming rise in automobile ownership over the past year, there is now more focus on finding alternatives to diesel fuel as both demand and costs for petroleum goods have increased. The majority of biodiesel is currently made from refined or oil seeds using an alkaline catalyst and methanol. Large quantities of oil and fat, however, cannot be ingested. However, it is realistic to use a lot of nonedible oil and fat in our nation. Neem oil is utilized in this study as an alternate fuel to create biodiesel. By combining high-free fatty acid (FFA) oil with the best methanol and H2SO4 acid catalyst properties, biodiesel is created utilizing this process using methanol and KOH catalyst