bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Steifigkeitsmessungen von AFM-Cantilevern
Authors: Dannberg Oliver , Fröhlich Thomas
Published: August 2021

Zur rückführbaren Kraftmessung mit AFM-Cantilevern ist aufgrund von Fertigungstoleranzen eine individuelle Kalibrierung jedes einzelnen Cantilevers notwendig. An der TU-Ilmenau wurde ein Prüfstand entwickelt, welcher die Steifigkeit nach einem statisch experimentellen Verfahren bestimmt. Dabei wird der Cantilever um einen definierten Weg ausgelenkt und die dazu notwendige Kraft gemessen. Die Wegmessung erfolgt durch ein kommerzielles Differenzinterferometer und die Kraftmessung mithilfe einer neu entwickelten Wägezelle. In diesem Artikel wird die Funktion des Prüfstandes am Beispiel einer Kalibrierung beschrieben und ein Messunsicherheitsbudget aufgestellt. Die relative Messunsicherheit beträgt ca. 1,5% bei einer maximalen Kalibrierkraft von <100 nN. Eine anschließende Untersuchung des Cantilevers ergab keine nachweisbaren Schäden an dessen Spitze.
Tuning capacitance wire-mesh sensor gains for measurement of conductive fluids
Authors: Dias Felipe d. A. , Wiedemann Philipp , da Silva Marco J. , Schleicher Eckhard , Hampel Uwe
Published: August 2021

In this paper, the front-end circuit of a capacitance wire-mesh sensor (WMS) is analyzed in detail and a new methodology to tune its feedback gains is reported. This allows, for the first time, a capacitance WMS to be able to provide linear measurements of multiphase fluids with electrical conductivity greater than 100 𝜇S/cm, which is particularly important for tap water, where the conductivity is typically in between 100 S/cm and 500 𝜇S/cm. Experimental and numerical results show that the selected gains using the proposed methodology contribute to suppress cross-talk and energy losses, which in turn, reduces considerably the deviation of the conductivity measurement and the estimation of derived flow parameters, such as local and average phase fraction.
Gaussian Process Regression Based Robust Optimization with Observer Uncertainty for Reconfigurable Self-x Sensory Electronics for Industry 4.0
Authors: Zaman Qummar , Alraho Senan , König Andreas
Published: August 2021

This paper presents a robust optimization technique for the reconfigurable measurement of sensory electronics for industry 4.0 to obtain a robust solution even in the presence of observer uncertainty using a cost-effective performance measurement method. The extrinsic evaluation of the proposed methodology is performed on an indirect current-feedback instrumentation amplifier (CFIA), which is a fundamental part of sensory systems. To reduce the CFIA device performance evaluation set-up cost, a low-cost test stimulus is applied to the circuit under test, and the output response of the circuit is examined to correlate with the device’s performance parameters. Due to the complexity of the smart sensory electronics search space, the meta-heuristic optimization algorithm is being selected as an optimizer. For objective space or observer uncertainty, the Gaussian process regression from the Bayesian statistical regression process is used to estimate the uncertainty level efficiently. Six different classical metrics have been used to evaluate the regression model accuracy. The highest achieved average expected error metrics value is 0.313, and the minimum value of correlation performance metrics is 0.908. The device is implemented using 0.35 μm austriamicrosystems technology.
Strength Training and Development in Competitive Speed Skating
Authors: Stuart Andrew , Cochrane-Snyman Kristen C.
Published: August 2021

Speed skating is a time trial–based sport that requires skill, strength, power, and capacity. The unique demands of the sport require a thorough need analysis to better understand the physical requirements, potential injuries, and periodization to successfully prepare athletes. This article will focus on the overall development of the short-distance to middle-distance speed skater to provide coaches, athletes, and strength and conditioning professionals an understanding of the biomechanical, physiological, and energy system demands of the sport and to identify common injuries that are sustained from repeated efforts.
Evidence-Based Functional Training to Improve Front Push Kick Technique, Speed, and Net Force Production
Authors: Vagner Michal , Olah Vladan , Cleather Daniel J. , Stastny Petr
Published: August 2021

Kicking is an essential skill for combat athletes and military personnel. Therefore, the aim of this article is to present evidence-based training principles to achieve beneficial changes in technique and performance through functional training. The profile of subelite and elite kickers is presented and is used as a foundation for exercise prescription in both populations. The article emphasizes the importance of combining both functional training with a core emphasis and traditional general strength preparation to improve all aspects of front push kick performance. Example training programs for both subelite and elite kickers are presented that are based on a block periodization approach.
Injury Prevention in Tennis Players, Linking the Kinetic Chain Approach With Myofascial Lines: A Narrative Review With Practical Implications
Authors: Ličen Teja , Kalc Miloš , Vogrin Matjaž , Bojnec Vida
Published: August 2021

Myofascial chains refer to the soft tissue elastic connections that envelop the muscles throughout the entire body. Evidence points to the ability of myofascial chains to transfer the force developed in one muscle-tendon-joint unit to other proximal or distal musculotendinous units. Tennis is a sport demanding repetitive high-power unilateral movements, which predisposes the players to various musculoskeletal adaptations that may interrupt their optimal biomechanics and result in possible injuries. Myofascial training addresses the player's biomechanics of movement, muscle coordination, and muscle force production. This narrative review with practical examples links the well-known kinetic chain approach with myofascial training aiming to optimize rehabilitative and prevention programs, directed to primarily decrease injury incidence and beneficially impact biomechanical patterns of movement.
Single Dose of Amphetamine Induces Delayed Subregional Attenuation of Cholinergic Interneuron Activity in the Striatum
Authors: Ztaou Samira , Oh Soo Jung , Tepler Sophia , Fleury Sixtine , Matamales Miriam , Bertran-Gonzalez Jesus , Chuhma Nao , Rayport Stephen
Published: August 2021

Psychostimulants such as amphetamine (AMPH) target dopamine (DA) neuron synapses to engender drug-induced plasticity. While DA neurons modulate the activity of striatal (Str) cholinergic interneurons (ChIs) with regional heterogeneity, how AMPH affects ChI activity has not been elucidated. Here, we applied quantitative fluorescence imaging approaches to map the dose-dependent effects of a single dose of AMPH on ChI activity at 2.5 and 24 h after injection across the mouse Str using the activity-dependent marker phosphorylated ribosomal protein S6 (p-rpS6240/244). AMPH did not affect the distribution or morphology of ChIs in any Str subregion. While AMPH at either dose had no effect on ChI activity after 2.5 h, ChI activity was dose dependently reduced after 24 h specifically in the ventral Str/nucleus accumbens (NAc), a critical site of psychostimulant action. AMPH at either dose did not affect the spontaneous firing of ChIs. Altogether this work demonstrates that a single dose of AMPH has delayed regionally heterogeneous effects on ChI activity, which most likely involves extra-Str synaptic input.
Formal Modeling and Analysis of Entity Framework Using Alloy
Authors:   Universidad Tecnológica Nacional – Facultad Regional San Francisco, Argentina, Bonino Maria Belen , Garis Ana ,   Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Argentina, Riesco Daniel ,   Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Argentina
Published: August 2021

Formal methods provide multiple benefits when applied in the software development process. For instance, they enable engineers to verify and validate models before working on their implementation, leading to earlier detection of design defects. However, most of them lack flexibility to be applied in agile software development projects. Alloy is a lightweight formal modeling language with a friendly tool that facilitates the agile approaches application. Unfortunately, its industrial adoption is hampered by the lack of methods and tools for current software development frameworks, such as Entity Framework. This platform is usually chosen by agile projects following the code-first approach that allows automatic generation of a database from domain classes coded in the C# language. We present a new method and tool for the formal specification and analysis of Entity Framework projects with Alloy. The proposal allows engineers to start the software development using Alloy for modeling, validation and verification, automatically translate Alloy specifications to C# domain classes and then generate the corresponding database with Entity Framework. We validate our approach with a real case study: an application required by a gas supplier company.
Прапори підалгебр у контрактованих алгебрах Лі
Authors: Попович Д.Р.
Published: August 2021

Доведено теорему, що описує поведінку прапорів підалгебр при контракціях алгебр Лі та яку можна розглядати як новий критерій неіснування контракцій. Отримано також ослаблений аналог цієї теореми для прапорів підпросторів. За її допомогою показано неіснування контракцій для низки пар шестивимірних нільпотентних дійсних алгебр Лі, для яких не працюють раніше відомі критерії.
Dynamic linear adsorption with solid adsorbent material
Authors: Poliakov V.L.
Published: August 2021

A mathematical problem of linear physical adsorption of a dissolved impurity is formulated, by consider-ing its diffusion transfer during the filtration of an aqueous suspension through a uniform adsorbent bed at a constant rate. By averaging the impurity concentrations in the free and bound states over an arbi-trary time period, an approximate solution of the problem is obtained, which is only expressed in terms of the elementary functions. On its basis, it is proposed to calculate the rational duration of the filter run. The solution is discussed and illustrated with a number of examples with typical input data.
Сорбція іонів Cu(II), Cd(II), Co(II), Zn(II) та Cr(VI) композиційним сорбентом на основі нанорозмірного заліза
Authors: Ковальчук І.А. , Пилипенко І.В. , Тобілко В.Ю. , Корнілович Б.Ю.
Published: August 2021

Досліджено особливості сорбційного вилучення важких металів (Cu(II), Cd(II), Zn(II), Co(II), Cr(VI)) зі складних за вмістом стічних вод, що містять суміш цих іонів, композитом на основі нанорозмірного заліза з використанням високоактивного дисперсного мінералу монтморилоніту як неорганічної матриці. Отримано залежності величин сорбції важких металів від рН. На основі моделей поверхневого комплексоутворення (модель дифузного подвійного шару (DDLM)) кількісно описано процеси сорбції. За селективністю досліджені катіони важких металів утворюють ряд Cu > Zn > Co > Cd, властивий як природному монтморилоніту, так і композиційному сорбенту. Встановлено, що одержаний композиційний матеріал має значно кращі сорбційні властивості щодо вилучення іонів важких металів із водних розчинів порівняно з природним монтморилонітом. Аналіз ізотерм сорбції проведено із застосуванням рівнянь Ленгмюра і Фрейндліха. Високі сорбційні характеристики композиційного сорбенту на основі нанорозмірного нульвалентного заліза і дисперсного силікату монтморилоніту щодо іонів важких металів обумовлюють перспективність його застосування в процесах очищення багатокомпонентних стічних вод гальванічних виробництв і гідрометалургійних підприємств.
Apolipoprotein A1 level in plasma of patients with diabetes and diabetic patients with COVID-19 as a possible marker of disease
Authors: Tronko M.D. , Cherviakova S.A. , Pushkarev V.V. , Belchina Y.B. , Kovzun O.I. , Pushkarev V.M. , Sokolova L.K.
Published: August 2021

Increased levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) in plasma is associated with a reduced risk of developing cardiovascular diseases (CVD). In addition to its potential cardioprotective function, HDL and ApoA1, the main HDL apolipoprotein, also have antidiabetic properties. The aim of the study was to determine the level of ApoA1 in the blood of patients (n = 81) with type 2 diabetes mellitus and COVID-19. ApoA1 was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (Elabscience, USA). The measurements were performed at an optical density of 450 nm. We showed that the level of ApoA1 in the blood of patients with type 2 diabetes and especially with COVID-19 was significantly lower than in the blood of healthy people. Blood ApoA1 levels did not show a further decrease in patients with both COVID-19 and diabetes compared with patients with COVID-19 without diabetes. Thus, the level of ApoA1 may be one of the promising markers of severe COVID-19.
МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ МУЛЬТИАГЕНТСЬКОЇ ВЗАЄМОДІЇ В УБЕЗПЕЧЕННІ СПОЖИВАННЯ В УМОВАХ ІНСТИТУЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ НЕСТАБІЛЬНОСТІ
Authors: МОКІЙ Анатолій , АНТОНЮК Катерина , АНТОНЮК Дмитро
Published: August 2021

Розвинуто теоретико-методологічні аспекти дослідження безпеки споживання як здатності держави, суспільства і підприємництва створювати передумови усвідомленого задоволення людиною потреб у самовідтворенні із захисту здоров’я нації та охорони довкілля як імперативів майбутнього розвитку. Процес убезпечення споживання запропоновано розглядати з позиції гармонізації інтересів суспільства, бізнесу і влади у формуванні підґрунтя сталого споживання і виробництва в стратегічній перспективі. Показано хаотичність процесів самоорганізації на споживчому ринку, а також необхідність поєднання інституціонального і ринкового механізмів у розв’язанні проблеми зміцнення безпеки споживання в процесі євроінтеграції України. Розроблено системні засоби зміцнення безпеки споживання на основі гармонізації економічних інтересів суспільства, підприємництва, держави з використанням мультиагентського підходу. Відповідно до цього запропоновано мультиагентську модель для ідентифікації учасників (агентів) процесу забезпечення безпеки споживання, формалізації елементів, інституціональних норм, параметрів і обмежень їх взаємодії. Шляхом побудови інтелектуальної карти забезпечення безпеки споживання встановлено інституціональні передумови, учасників процесу забезпечення безпеки споживання, систему їх інтересів, часові параметри взаємодії, базисні процеси, загрози та пов’язані сфери забезпечення безпеки споживання. Доведено необхідність задіяння ринкового механізму гармонізації інтересів суб’єктів забезпечення безпеки споживання (людини, суспільства, органів державної влади та місцевого самоврядування, підприємств-виробників, громадських об’єднань, міжнародних організацій, науково-дослідних установ та ін.) шляхом узгодження ціни в рамках співвідношення попиту та пропозиції на безпечні товари (послуги) з максимізацією наближення інтересів як умови досягнення рівноважного стану системи.
ЯКІСТЬ ДЕРЖАВНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ В ГЛОБАЛЬНОМУ СЕРЕДОВИЩІ: ЕКОНОМІЧНИЙ ПРОРИВ РОЗВИНУТИХ КРАЇН І ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ ІМПЛЕМЕНТАЦІЇ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: ІЛЯШ Ольга , КОЛІШЕНКО Руслан
Published: August 2021

З метою систематизації досвіду державних політик економічного прориву розвинутих країн світу і розгляду можливості їх імплементації в Україні визначено перспективи залучення у нас найкращих зарубіжних практик державної політики, окреслено стратегічні завдання поліпшення її якості для забезпечення економічного прориву України в глобальному динамічному середовищі. Обґрунтовано, що економічний прорив можливий за рахунок тріади програмних заходів державної політики на засадах смарт-управління (економічної стратегії, сприятливих умов для бізнесу; інституційного базису політики), які забезпечать реалізацію технології смарт-управління в державній політиці в умовах зростання глобальних викликів і динамічних змін. Систематизація напрямів державних політик економічного прориву світових лідерів стабільного розвитку, зокрема США, Канади, Японії, Китаю, Сінгапура, Республіки Корея, Фінляндії, Швеції, Франції, Німеччини, дозволила виявити низку політик проривних технологій, стимулювання розвитку інновацій та підтримки високотехнологічної розбудови держав. Запропоновано авторську систему індикаторів оцінювання якості державної політики світових лідерів (індексу сприйняття корупції, забезпечення стабільності державної політики економічних систем, якості транспортної інфраструктури і постачання електроенергії, пристосованості правової бази до цифрових моделей бізнесу, відповідальності уряду за зміни митних тарифів і довгострокове бачення), що надали можливість забезпечити обраним країнам світу високу порівняно з Україною ефективність державної політики. Підготовлено рекомендації для органів державної влади, спрямовані на розробку головних напрямів економічного прориву України щодо покращення якості державної політики в умовах динамічного глобального середовища. Окреслено пріоритетні напрями політики економічного прориву й активізації державної політики забезпечення економіки добробуту та економічного зростання в Україні, обгрунтовані зарубіжним досвідом і прикладним аналізом критичних державотворних чинників посилення економічних проблем в країні.
Mechanochemystry as advanced methodology in green chemistry for applied catalysis
Authors:   Institute for Sorption and Problems of Endoecology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Zazhigalov V.A. , Wieczorek-Ciurowa K. ,   Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Poland, Sachuk O.V. ,   Institute for Sorption and Problems of Endoecology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Bacherikova I.V. ,   Institute for Sorption and Problems of Endoecology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: August 2021

In this survey we have assessed how mechanochemistry techniques comply with the aims of Green Chemistry to minimise the use of environmentally damaging reactants and unwanted by-products. In the publications the preparation of vanadium-phosphorus oxides as industrial catalysts for maleic anhydride production from n-butane and perspective catalysts of phthalic anhydride manufacture by direct n-pentane oxidation were analyzed. It is shown that mechanochemical activation and synthesis reduces the amount of harmful waste used in the production of the catalyst and increases its effectiveness. Improvement of a catalyst’s properties, help limit production of harmful emissions such as carbon oxides and hydrocarbons. It was established that mechanochemical treatment can by successfully used in the process of industrial vanadium-phosphorus oxide catalysts modification or in the process of introduction in its composition of additives which lead to increase of activity and selectivity of hydrocarbons oxidation. The possibility of the mechanochemistry use in the vanadium-titanium oxide catalysts preparation which are the base catalysts in industrial phthalic anhydride production from o-xylene was determined. It was established that mechanochemical treatment of the vanadium and titanium oxides mixture permits to delete the nitrogen oxides emission in atmosphere and prepared catalysts demonstrate the same phthalic anhydride yield but at low reraction temperature. Catalysts, manufactured by mechanochemical treatment (on the base of molybdenum oxide), provide new techniques for producing compounds as exemplified by the direct oxidation of benzene to form phenol which can replace industrial two-step process from cumene or proposed process of benzene oxidation by N2O. Mechanochemistry treatment could produce catalysts which eliminated the need to use highly toxic nitrogen oxides as reducing agents. The article describes activating Cu-Ce-O catalysts which reduce the temperature of the process for removing carbon monoxide from exhaust gases and as a method for purifying hydrogen u sed in fuel cells. Finally, there is a description of mechanochemically treated catalysts, containing metals and supported on stainless steel supports which are used to remove aromatic hydrocarbons from water sewers.
Side-chain Alkylation of Toluene with Methanol, Modification and Deactivation of Zeolite Catalysts of the Reaction
Authors:   V.P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Voloshyna Yu.G. , Pertko O.P. ,   V.P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: August 2021

The review deals with main aspects of the toluene methylation reaction on basic catalysts. The side reactions of decomposition of methanol to CO and H2 on strong basic sites and ring alkylation of toluene on Lewis acid sites (cations of high polarizing ability) hinder obtaining high yields of the target products – styrene and ethylbenzene. Both types of sites are necessary for the course of the target reaction. So optimizing their strength and quantity is an important prerequisite for the selectivity of the side-chain alkylation catalysts. The advantage of fojasite-based systems for this reaction was confirmed by the works of many researchers. However, the possibilities of use of zeolites of other structural types and representatives of a new generation of molecular sieves are being studied, as well as ways of modifying such materials to increase their catalytic efficiency. The main direction of modification is to regulate the balance of acidity and basicity. Effective charge of framework oxygen atoms, which determines basicity of zeolite framework, increases due to the introduction of guest compounds into the catalyst, and this effect is more significant than influence on basicity of ion exchange for cations of elements of low electronegativity. However, the role of this method of modifying in increasing the selectivity remains crucial due to potentiality to decrease the Lewis acidity of cations. Compounds of other elements and transition metals also are used for modification, as well as promotion with metallic copper and silver. Techniques are applied, but not widely, to deprive the external surface of crystallites of active sites. This method of modification is effective for slowing down their deactivation by coke. Acid sites, in particular BAS, are most often distinguished among the sites responsible for coke formation. The mechanism of coke formation in the absence of such centers is also proposed. On the whole, this issue not fully disclosed and requires a deeper study.
Catalytic processing of organochlorine wastes into valuable monomers
Authors:   National Aviation University, Stepasiuk B. , Haievska T. ,   National Aviation University, Spaska O. ,   National Aviation University, Bilokopytov Yu. ,   National Aviation University, Boichenko S. ,   National Aviation University Ukrainian Research & Educational Center of Chemmotology and Certification of Fuel, Lubricants, Technical Liquids, Yakovlieva A. ,   National Aviation University Ukrainian Research & Educational Center of Chemmotology and Certification of Fuel, Lubricants, Technical Liquids
Published: August 2021

The paper is devoted to experimental development of method for 1,1,2-trichlorethane (TCE) dehydrochlorination (DHC). The economic and environmental issues of organic chlorinated compounds processing are described. The basic principle and possible products of TCE processing are presented. The DHC of TCE, which is one of the chlorinated organic wastes produced in the ethylene dichloride process, to vinylidene chloride (VDC) was carried out over over CaO, MgO supported on SiO2 and modified with CsCl catalysts. This process was carried out in a continuous flow fixed-bed reactor. The prepared catalysts were characterized by surface area and base properties before/after reaction. The methodology for determining properties of catalyst is described. Laboratory activity test apparatus was developed, and the schematic diagram is presented in the paper. The method of determination of TCE concentration of was calculated from its partial saturation vapor pressure at a given temperature is presented. Encouraging results were obtained on the catalyst containing 10 % CsCl/CaO·SiO2. The direction of the DHC reaction changed radically under described conditions: VDC was not formed at all and the major products were cis- and trans-1,2-dichloroethene. Interesting results were obtained with the catalytic system comprising 10 % (MgO-CsCl) (1:1) supported on SiO2. DHC of 2 % TCE/Ar at 302 °C proceeds quantitatively over 20 h with selectivity for VDC of more than 80%. These systems are suitable to study the factors providing the binding and removal of HCl from the reaction zone. A possible way to increase the selectivity for VDC is the creation of the conditions favoring the DHC of TCE into VDC by the radical mechanism, which was observed in experiments with 10% CsCl/CaSiO3. The directions for future researches are formulated and described.
The simple method of vegetable oils and oleochemical products acid value determination
Authors:   V.P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Zubenko S.O.
Published: August 2021

Acid value is one of the key technical characteristic of vegetable oils and oleochemicals, obtaining on its basis. The existing standard methods of acid value measurement are relatively complicated and have some disadvantages. There are including utilization of the significant amounts of solvents, throwing out as wastes, and necessity in special equipment for determination. Also, a special issue is visual indication of the equivalence point of indicator transfer from acid to alkali form for intensive colored oils’ samples. Visual indication of the color transfer of phenol-phthalein as indicator (from colorless to pink) is quite difficult. The color transfer of thymolphthalein (from yellow to green) in such condition is not determined. Using of alkali blue 6B is complicated by the necessity of use ethanol and aromatic compounds mixture. In current work the rapid and simple method of acid value determination was proposed. It consists in alkali-acid titration of the sample by sodium butoxide solution in n-butanol with bromothymol blue, n-butanol is also using as solvent. The method was tested on 3 series of the mixtures of the refined sunflower oil and free fatty acids (distilled fatty acids of sunflower and rapeseed oils and chemical grade oleic acid). The fatty acid content in tested mixtures was in range 1-50 % wt. Some disadvantages of traditional methods, such as the necessity of mixed solvents’ and relatively complicated laboratory equipment use, titration in a hot state, effect of temperature changes in the laboratory and difficulties with visual indication of color transfer, were overcame. Proposed method requires only the simplest laboratory glassware (conic flasks, non-calibrated pipettes, hermetically sealed glass vessels for titrant) and technical laboratory scales (weighting accuracy ±0.01 g). The method allows to determine the acid value in wide range of samples, including the samples with intense coloration. The relatively high accuracy of acid value determination was shown. The method sensitivity is 0.02-0.10 mg KOH/g. The time for analyze is enough short (about 5-15 minutes).
Urban mammal fauna under conditions of a large city (on the example of Ulyanovsk, Middle Volga Region)
Authors:   I. N. Ulyanov Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University (Ulyanovsk, RF), Аrtemieva Еlena
Published: August 2021

In this work, the topographic features of the spatial pattern of biodiversity of the urban fauna in general in the city are revealed: the number of urban fauna species has a maximum in the southern part of the city and a minimum in the western part. The mammal fauna as a component of urban fauna in general exhibits greater plasticity and adaptability in relation to humans compared to other groups of biota, for example, the insect fauna and avifauna. The urban mammal fauna in Ulyanovsk has historically formed due to the penetration of representatives of various faunal complexes that inhabit the region into the city area and its vicinities: (1) floodplain species associated with the river Sviyaga and its tributaries, 36.17%; (2) forest species living in pine-deciduous, deciduous-pine, and taiga forests, 46.81%; (3) upland-steppe species associated with Cretaceous landscapes of the right bank, 6.38%; (4) steppe species, including mammals of the left bank, common for the native feather grass–fescue steppes, 6.38%. Some animal species have remained in the city and in the region due to their spread by humans—introduced species and species kept in fur farms (10.64%). Synanthropic species are associated with human settlements (4.26%). The occurrence of species in different zones of the city (right bank and left bank) and habitats with an increase in the level of urbanization and a decrease in species diversity (1–5) are as follows: (1) green zones—parks and squares with woody vegetation, 31 species; (2) floodplain of the river Sviyaga within the city, 24 species; (3) summer cottages within the city, 15 species; (4) private sector with one-storey buildings, 5 species; (5) multi-storey buildings, 4 species. In general, in an urban environment, mammal species that coexist with humans make up 66.19 % of the total number of mammal species in the region. At the same time, the number of rare mammal species listed in the regional Red Book is 12.68%. Thus, when conservation measures for the protection of animal habitats within the urban environment are observed, most species are able to maintain stable populations.
The experience of low-resource fauna research by using camera traps
Authors:   Chornobyl Radioecological Biosphere Reserve (Ivankiv, Ukraine), Vishnevskyi Denys
Published: August 2021

The tasks of managing animal populations (conservation, exploitation, and control) require reliable initial information for their implementation. This information includes a number of parameters: spatial distribution, annual and daily cycles of activity, abundance and its dynamics, ecosystem relationships, reproduction, nutrition, mortality, and others. Of this broad set, abundance and territorial distribution are of basic importance. They affect all other parameters. However, these indicators are the most sensitive to the influence of factors of qualification and motivation of the performer. The solution to this problem leads to searching for ways to unify methods in order to reduce errors in the assessment. One of the solutions to this problem is the introduction of technical means such as camera traps. Camera traps have become an increasingly popular tool in wildlife research. With its help, the following tasks are solved: assessment of the number and spatial distribution of animals, daily and seasonal activity, and much more. This tool avoids the factor of subjectivity. At the same time, in our conditions, the price of a camera trap is high for a researcher. However, the methodological requirements for the study require the use of more than ten cameras. Thus, it becomes necessary to comprehend low-resource research and the results that they can bring. During 2018, research was carried out in the territory of the Chornobyl Reserve using six camera traps. The placement of camera traps was not systematic, but corresponded to the diversity of habitats. The objects of research were such representatives of mammals as the elk, deer, wolf, roe deer, wild boar, fox, raccoon dog, and hare. They are the ones that make up the set of species that can be effectively captured by a camera trap. The following results were obtained: daily activity, spatial distribution, quantitative characteristics of groups. As the results have shown, even a small number of camera traps makes it possible to assess the presence of the largest animals and their daily activity. It should be noted that this group of species is of the greatest interest from the viewpoint of regulation and protection. Numerical parameters such as quantity and relative abundance cannot be used for estimation. This is due to the high sensitivity to local conditions.
Characteristics of limiting factors affecting the state of hunting resources of Ukraine
Authors:   Steppe Branch of G. M. Vysotsky Ukrainian Research Institute of Forestry and Forest Melioration (Oleshky, Ukraine), Sheihas Igor
Published: August 2021

The abundance of game animals that are in a state of natural freedom, as a natural resource of national importance, is the result of a number of different factors, which are divided into three main groups according to their origin and functional role. The feeding potential and the quality of protective features of habitats of wild animals are the main biotic factors determining the category of value of a particular kind of land, which should theoretically form the quantitative state and structure of aboriginal populations of animals and birds. Although direct dependence between the quality of hunting grounds and the abundance of faunal components of the biocoenosis was not revealed. A comparative classification of hunting grounds was carried out in accordance with the class of bonitet within the natural zones. It is determined that the low actual level of efficiency of national hunting in the research area does not correspond to the high average indicators of value categories (creditworthiness) of lands. At the same time, a significant additional role of the professional hunting approach to hunting management is observed. The highest profitability of hunting is where the highest level of intensity and quality of hunting management measures, in particular protection and biotechnical measures, are applied. Own observations confirmed by the analysis of state statistical reporting indicate the potential for biotechnological improvement of the value category of lands. In farms where wildlife management measures are regularly performed, the abundance of predators is controlled, measures against illegal hunting are carried out, as well as other anthropogenic factors are controlled, in particular where chemicals and environmental management of agriculture and forestry are observed, additional feeding sources for game animals is provided. In such farms, hunting performance indicators (achieving optimal numbers and the degree of use of hunting resources) are higher than in other farms with a similar natural potential. It has been established that, in addition to the quality of land, the following influencing factors have a limiting effect on the quantitative and qualitative state of populations of the main game species: anthropogenic factors such as illegal hunting and low professional level of hunting; biotic factors such as predation by wolves. The effect of other factors having a negative impact is not limiting.
Telehealth: Improving Access to and Quality of Pediatric Health Care
Authors: Curfman Alison L. , Hackell Jesse M. , Herendeen Neil E. , Alexander Joshua J. , Marcin James P. , Moskowitz William B. , Bodnar Chelsea E. F. , Simon Harold K. , McSwain S. David ,   SECTION ON TELEHEALTH CARE, COMMITTEE ON PRACTICE AND AMBULATORY MEDICINE, COMMITTEE ON PEDIATRIC WORKFORCE
Published: August 2021

All children and adolescents deserve access to quality health care regardless of their race/ethnicity, health conditions, financial resources, or geographic location. Despite improvements over the past decades, severe disparities in the availability and access to high-quality health care for children and adolescents continue to exist throughout the United States. Economic and racial factors, geographic maldistribution of primary care pediatricians, and limited availability of pediatric medical subspecialists and pediatric surgical specialists all contribute to inequitable access to pediatric care. Robust, comprehensive telehealth coverage is critical to improving pediatric access and quality of care and services, particularly for under-resourced populations.
First-principles calculations of structural and electronics properties of YInN alloy
Authors: Abdel Rahim Garzón Gladys Patricia , Rodriguez Martinez Jairo Arbey , Moreno Armenta María Guadalupe , Rico Miguel Espitia
Published: August 2021

We study the structural and electronic properties of YxIn1-xN in the concentrations x = 0, ¼, ½, ¾, and 1 in the B1, B2, B3 and B4 structures using density functional theory (DFT). The calculations show that for Y0.75In0.25N, the B1 structure is the most favorable energetically. It was determined that between  in the  supercell, the most energetically stable structure is the B3 phase. Additionally, between  concentrations x of Yttrium, the compound is most energetically favorable in the B4 phase. Technical data that are in agreement were recently reported by other authors. Finally, between 0.12 , the most stable phase is B1. Additionally, there is no phase transition between the four structures considered. The DOS and band structure show that Y0.75In0.25N in the B1 and B3 phases exhibits semiconductor behavior, with a direct gap of ~0.6 eV and ~0.7 eV, respectively while Y0.75In0.25N in the B4 phase has an indirect one of ~0.8 eV.
Use of the dynamic load test to obtain the pile capacity – the Brazilian experience
Authors: Souza Tiago de Jesus , Querelli André , Vianna Amaral de Souza Cruz Felipe , Cesar Trejo Noreña Pablo
Published: August 2021

The dynamic load test is currently an important and usual tool for design, control, and quality assurance of deep foundations. The objective of this paper is to compare the expected geotechnical load capacity through empirical and semi-empirical Brazilian methods with the ultimate pile load obtained from the interpretation of Dynamic Load Tests (DLT; PDA). The stress-settlement curve was constructed from CAPWAP analysis with blows of different drop heights of increasing energy – test procedure proposed by Aoki (1989). Continuous flight augering (CFA) Franki and Root piles were evaluated in this study. These piles were tested in different cities in Brazil. Additionally, DLT results were compared with static load tests, and a good correlation was found with these field tests. The article aims to provide comparative background to guide foundation designers, as well as those who routinely develop these projects in Brazil.
Removing ammonium from water using porous resins: influence of polymer structure, ion exchange capacity and porosity
Authors: C. Deus Laylana , Frota da Silva Carla Michele , F. Martins Maximiliano , M. Aversa Thiago , Fernandes Lucas Elizabete
Published: August 2021

This study describes the synthesis of polymeric resins based on styrene (STY), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and divinylbenzene (DVB), modified chemically through sulfonation reactions during different time intervals, to learn the influence of the materials’ structure on their adsorption capacity and evaluate their potential for application in the removal of ammonium from wastewater to levels compliant with the technical standard NT202, R-10 (INEA, 1986). The results showed that besides the duration of the sulfonation reaction, factors such as surface area and pore diameter also contributed significantly to the ammonium absorption process. The efficiency of the formulations was in decreasing order DVB(7:3)(2)S, DVB(7:3)(24)S, STY-DVB(7:3)(2)S and GMA-DVB(7:3)(2)S. Of these, DVB(7:3)(2)S had the greatest surface area but had low ion exchange capacity. The resin with the greatest exchange capacity was STY-DVB(7:3)(2)S, but it had efficiency about 20% lower than the former resin, showing a result very near that of GMA-DVB(7:3)(2)S.
Efficiency of two digestion methods in determining the presence of metals (Cd, Cu, Cr, Pb and Zn) in geopropolis produced by Melipona scutellaris
Authors: Santana Bonsucesso Josemário , Santos do Nascimento Andreia , Da Silva Conceição Antônio Leandro , Lopes de Carvalho Carlos Alfredo , De Souza Dias Fabio
Published: August 2021

This study evaluates the efficiency of acid extraction and total digestion to determine the presence of metals in geopropolis produced by the stingless bee Melipona scutellaris. Geopropolis samples were collected at five meliponaries in the city and in the metropolitan region of Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil. The sample treatment methods comprised acid extraction and total digestion. The Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP OES) technique was used to quantify Cd, Cu, Cr, Pb, and Zn. Geopropolis samples submitted to both digestion methods showed statistical differences. For both methods, Cr and Zn showed the highest concentrations, while those of Cd were the lowest. The Cr concentration for determination by total digestion was 37.53 mg/kg, while for acid extraction it was 32.90 mg/kg. For Zn, the concentration was 17.65 mg/kg and 8.85 mg/kg for total digestion and acid extraction, respectively. The total digestion method showed the highest concentrations of the metals evaluated; however, acid extraction (USEPA 3050b) is a more straightforward procedure for metal evaluation in geopropolis samples and presented values that support the use of geopropolis as a bioindicator. The acid extraction method USEPA 3050b, in combination with detection using ICP OES, showed efficiency in analyses carried out to determine metals in geopropolis.
Iranisches Personennamenbuch Band V/Faszikel 3: Iranische Namen in Nebenüberlieferungen Indogermanischer Sprachen
Authors: Martirosyan Hrach
Published: August 2021

The Iranian element is the largest layer of the Armenian borrowed lexicon. It comprises a period of more than 2.500 years starting from pre-Achaemenid times up to the modern period. Also the number of Armenian personal names of Iranian origin is quite large, roughly estimated one quarter of all Armenian personal names. The Armenian evidence is of vital importance for completing the Iranian onomasticon. In many cases, Middle Persian and Parthian namesakes of Armenian personal names are not directly attested. Besides, Armenian helps to determine the exact shape of Iranian names. The present fascicle of the "Iranisches Personennamenbuch" aims to collect and etymologically interpret all the Iranian personal names, which are attested in Armenian texts up to 1300 CE. Occasionally, it also comprises names that are attested at a later stage but are likely to belong to earlier periods, as well as younger forms that are related with older names and are therefore relevant for the philological or etymological discussion of the latter. The volume comprises 872 entries and includes (1) names of Iranian people of various kinds (kings, queens, princes, generals, etc.) that occur in Armenian texts, and (2) names of Iranian origin that were/are borne by Armenian people. It includes a huge range of new etymologies or corrected versions of pre-existing etymologies, as well as new names and corrected forms of names discovered in critical texts and voluminous corpora of inscriptions and colophons of Armenian manuscripts that have not been available for earlier researchers of the Armenian onomastics.
Adipokine, gut and thyroid hormone responses to probiotic application in chukar partridges (Alectoris chukar) exposed to heat stress
Authors: Bayraktar Bülent , Tekce Emre , Kaya Hacer , Gürbüz Ahmet Burak , Dirican Ebubekir , Korkmaz Serol , Atalay Banu , Ülker Ufuk
Published: August 2021

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Lactobacillus reuteri E81 (LRE) probiotic supplementation on heat stress responses in chukar partridges (Alectoris chukar). The birds were divided into two groups, one of which was exposed to heat stress (HS). Within each group, four subgroups, each including 64 birds, were created for the three treatment doses (200, 400 or 600 mg/kg) of LRE and the control. The experiment was started with day-old birds, kept at a temperature of 25 °C or 37 °C. After a 7-day adjustment period, the LRE supplementation lasted for 35 days. The levels of different adipokines, including visfatin (VF), adiponectin (ADP), chemerin (CHEM), as well as the concentration of plasma citrulline (CIT) and the levels of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in the blood were measured at 21 and 42 days of age. A significant correlation (P < 0.01) was found between LRE supplementation and the decrease in serum VF, ADP, CIT, T3 and T4 levels in partridges exposed to HS. On the other hand, no significant relationship was found between LRE supplementation and the serum CHEM and TSH levels (P > 0.05). We concluded that the addition of 600 mg/kg LRE is beneficial in preventing intestinal damage and inflammation provoked by HS.
A scientific overview of the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on sports affairs: A systematic review
Authors: Sayyd Sameer M. , Zainuddin Zainal Abidin , Seraj Prodhan M.
Published: August 2021

Background and Study Aim. COVID-19 pandemic has impacted all spheres of human life. This study presents the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sports activities and the life of sportsmen. It is analysed the inter-connected themes for identifying research trends and motifs from the published studies between March 2020 to March 2021.

Material and Methods. With the assistance of the UTM library for accessing online databases and electronic resources of Scopus, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect a rigorous search for published collecting data on the impact of COVID-19 on the sports participation and sportsmen was carried out. 650 studies retrieved from the reputable online database of Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and Scopus. 32 studies of which are matched with the criteria for analyzing through NVIVO-12 and Vos Viewer software. For selecting the articles most relevant to the objectives of this study, the principles of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) were followed.

Results. The results show that the COVID-19 pandemic mostly influences making constraints on physical activities. The mental and physical life were concurrently impacted by it. Bibliometrics analysis for key-word and term co-occurrence indicates that the research trend of COVID-19 and its impact was mainly focused on COVID-19 and Mental health or physical health or economic life of the stakeholders of sports affairs.

Conclusions. This study has some implications for the athletes for maintaining a healthy life and for the authority of managing impacts, and researchers researching with new dimensions.