bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal bidirectional relations between body dissatisfaction and depressive symptoms among Black adolescents: A cross-lagged panel analysis v1
Authors: Wang Yan , D. Lynne Sarah , Witherspoon Dawn , M. Black Maureen
Published: October 2019

This protocol is 1) To compare body dissatisfaction and depressive symptoms by weight status (overweight/obesity vs. healthy weight) among Black adolescents 12-13 years old. 2) To investigate the relationship between body dissatisfaction and depressive symptoms among Black adolescents 12-13 years old, who were overweight or obese. 3) To investigate the relationship between body dissatisfaction and depressive symptoms among Black adolescents 12-13 years old, who were of healthy weight.
Copy of Fluorescent in vitro model to assess adhesion of Bd to A6 cells (Plos One) v1
Authors: Verbrugghe Elin
Published: October 2019

The largest current disease-induced loss of vertebrate biodiversity is due to chytridiomycosis and despite the increasing understanding of the pathogenesis, knowledge unravelling the early host-pathogen interactions remains limited. Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd)zoospores attach to and invade the amphibian epidermis, with subsequent invasive growth in the host skin. Availability of an in vitro assay would facilitate in depth study of this interaction while reducing the number of experimental animals needed. We describe a fluorescent cell-based in vitro infection model that reproduces host-Bd interactions. Using primary keratinocytes from Litoria caerulea and the epithelial cell line A6 from Xenopus laevis, we reproduced different stages of host cell infection and intracellular growth of Bd, resulting in host cell death, a key event in chytridiomycosis. The presented in vitro models may facilitate future mechanistic studies of host susceptibility and pathogen virulence.
Food Policy Councils as Loci for Practising Food Democracy? Insights from the Case of Oldenburg, Germany
Authors: Sieveking Annelie
Published: October 2019

In the highly concentrated and consolidated 21st century food systems, a broad range of stakeholders are rarely involved in food-related decision-making processes. One innovative institutional response is the establishment of food policy councils (FPCs). These institutions are often initiated by civil society actors and seek to transform prevailing agro-industrial food systems. They aim to raise awareness for alternative practises of food consumption and production, and they try to shape food policies at different governance levels. FPCs have been acclaimed for their democratic potential in the past. This study uses the five key dimensions of food democracy identified by Hassanein (2008) to assess the ways in which FPCs might represent loci for practising food democracy. This is achieved by taking one of the first FPCs in Germany as an example. During a two-year study period (2016–2018), the emergence of the FPC Oldenburg was studied through participant observations, semi-structured interviews, and document analysis. Data analysis reveals examples of, as well as challenges related to, all five dimensions of food democracy. In addition, the in-depth analysis of the case also illustrates the importance of taking additional aspects into account, i.e., openness and transparency. Looking at an additional dimension of food democracy, which covers the “How?” of the deliberative process, might allow for a more nuanced analysis of the democratic potential of food initiatives in the future.
How Shall We Judge Agri-Food Governance? Legitimacy Constructions in Food Democracy and Co-Regulation Discourses
Authors: Behringer Julia , Feindt Peter H.
Published: October 2019

The food democracy discourse has emerged as a normatively grounded critique of an increasingly transnational agri-food system and its dominant co-regulatory mode of governance, where private and public norms and standards interact with public policy and regulation in complex ways. Analyzing competing agri-food discourses through a legitimacy lens can contribute to understanding how authority is transferred from traditional, hierarchical and state-centered constellations to a range of novel agri-food governance arrangements. This article reconstructs and compares the legitimacy constructions articulated in the co-regulation and the food democracy discourses, generating three key findings: first, there are two distinct articulations of food democracy discourse, which we label liberal and strong food democracy; second, while conceptualizations of legitimacy in the liberal food democracy and the co-regulatory discourse share many commonalities, legitimacy in the co-regulatory discourse relies more heavily on output, while the liberal food democracy discourse is more sensitive to issues of input and throughput legitimacy; third, the strong food democracy discourse articulates a critical counter-model that emphasizes inclusive deliberation which in turn is expected to generate a shared orientation towards the common good and countervailing power.
Food Democracy from the Top Down? State-Driven Participation Processes for Local Food System Transformations towards Sustainability
Authors: Baldy Jana , Kruse Sylvia
Published: October 2019

Food democracy is a concept with growing influence in food policy research. It involves citizens regaining democratic control of the food system and enabling its sustainable transformation. In focusing mainly on civil society initiatives, food democracy research has so far neglected the potential of state-driven food-related participation processes. We base our study on qualitative interviews with local stakeholders in two smaller cities in southern Germany where the city administration and city council initiated participatory processes. The study aims to understand how local actors are framing state-driven participation processes concerning sustainable local food system transformation along key dimensions of food democracy. We identify eight categories that conceptually constitute food democracy: mutual knowledge exchange; legitimacy and credibility of knowledge claims; transparent processes for deliberating ideas; shared language for sharing ideas; expectations of and experience with efficacy; role model function of municipalities; raising awareness; and motivation and justification of the normative orientation. Furthermore, the empirical analysis shows that state actors can have important roles in food-related participation processes as potential initiators, shapers and implementers depending on how they interact with local food-related actors and how they design and coordinate food system transformation processes. This suggests that food democracy research should not necessarily conceptualize state actors, local entrepreneurs and citizens as opponents, but rather, should reconsider how these various actors can drive food democracy and citizenship in a supportive and coordinated way.
Making Taste Public: Industrialized Orders of Sensing and the Democratic Potential of Experimental Eating
Authors: Voß Jan-Peter , Guggenheim Michael
Published: October 2019

Existing discussions of food democracy focus on people’s freedom to choose healthy, sustainable, or otherwise ‘good’ foods. Such foods are supposed to be unrestrained by oligopolistic structures of food supply, economic inequality, misinformation, or the misleading lobbying campaigns of the food industry. Our article aims to broaden the discussion about food democracy: focusing on people’s freedom to choose the food they want, but also on people’s freedom to engage with what they eat and how they want to eat it. This thematizes collective orders of sensing and, more specifically, taste. Based on pragmatist and praxeological studies we pose that tasting food is a matter of historically grown collective practices. In a second step, we assert that the reflexive shaping of such practices is currently dominated by the food industry and related forms of sensory science. Democratizing taste is a matter of people’s capacity to self-govern how they experience and enjoy food. To this end, we suggest the approach of ‘experimental eating’ as a way to question and reflexively engage with embodied forms of tasting. We report on the development of methods that, in a next step, are to be combined for a participatory exhibition inviting people to experimentally reconfigure their habitual tasting practices and experience agency in matters of shaping taste. The exhibition makes taste public by demonstrating the construction of sensory experience in eating practices. It positions taste as a collective issue which every human being can experiment with—and thus to contest the governance of taste as currently exercised by industrial corporations and scientific experts.
An Active Genomic Data Recovery Attack
Authors: AKGÜN Mete
Published: October 2019

With the decreasing cost and availability of human genome sequencing, genomic privacy becomes an important issue. Several methods have been proposed in the literature to overcome these problems including cryptographic and privacy preserving data mining methods: homomorphic encryption, cryptographic hardware. In a recent work, Barman et. al studied privacy threats and practical solutions considering an SNP based scenario. The authors introduced a new protocol where a malicious medical center processes an active attack in order to retrieve genomic data of a given patient. The authors have mentioned that this protocol provides a trade-off between privacy and practicality. In this paper, we first give an overview of the system for SNP based risk calculation. We provide the definitions of privacy threats and briefly Barman et al.’s protocol and their solution. The authors proposed to use a weighted sum method of SNP coefficients for calculating disease tendency. They argue that the specific choice of the bases would prevent unique identification of SNPs. Our main observation is that this is not true. Contrary to the security claim, SNP combinations can be identified uniquely in many different scenarios. Our method exploits a pre-computed look-up table for retrieving SNPs’ values from the test result. An attacker can obtain all SNP values of a given patient by using the pre-computed look-up table. We provide practical examples of weights and pre-computed tables. We also mention that even in the case where the table is large and the attacker can not handle at one time, he can still gather information using multi queries. Our work shows that more realistic attack scenarios must be considered in the design of genetic security systems.
Quantitative Methods of Estimation of the Degree of Company's Transnationality
Authors: Bulkot O.
Published: October 2019

The article is devoted to the problem of estimating the level of companies’ trasnationality. The existing approaches to the measurement of trasnationality are generalized. A methodology is developed for measuring the depth of company’s transnationality in operational and geographic dimensions. It is proposed to define the trasnationality as a function of the extent to which a firm’s activities are located abroad and focuses on the intensity of foreign activities in relation to domestic or global activities. The quantitative indicators of the level of company’s transnationality are estimated. The results of the research prove that in order to measure the level of companies’ transnationality, it is necessary to use an integrated approach that allows estimating the depth, breadth, intensity, and level of their operations and activities on a global scale. In this dimension, it is important not only to assess the level of integration of TNC operations carried out in host and home markets but also to implement special mathematical methods that allow demonstrating the correlation between the main dependent variables of the TNCs’ performance. Empirical studies prove the ease and fairness of the proposed methodology for comparing differences in their structure and specifics TNCs. From this point of view, it is quite correct to carry out an analysis of selected parameters, both non-financial MNCs and financial ones, in which the results of the analysis obtained will be absolutely comparable and fair for their comparison among themselves.
Ethnic Identity and Significant Social Environment: A Research on Russian-Speaking Youth in the Republic of Latvia
Authors: Russita T.E. , Khukhlaev O.E.
Published: October 2019

The paper describes a research on the correlation between the ethnic composition of one's significant social environment and his/her ethnic identity. The research was carried out in 2004—2006 in schools, colleges and universities in the Republic of Latvia. Young men and women aged 15 to 21 whose native language is Russian participated in the research. Both qualitative (interview) and quantitative (the Moreno Social Atom Test, content analysis, inventory, semantic differential) methods were used.According to the research findings, there is an indirect correlation between the ethnic composition of the significant social environment of an individual and his/her ethnic identity (both cognitive and affective components of the latter).
The Influence of Mass Culture Images on Preferable Image of Female Teacher in 6-7-Year-Old Children
Authors: Yangirova G.F.
Published: October 2019

The article discusses the influence of mass culture images on the development of preferable images of female teachers in children aged 6—7 years entering school. This longitudinal research was carried out in the Republic of Bashkortostan using an original technique. According to the results of the research, most 6-7-year-old children prefer emancipated, sexual female images from glossy magazines. Children choose their own teacher's image only if they have contact with her.
LEGAL SPECIFICITIES AND PROBLEMS IN LATVIAN PORTS` REGULATIONS
Authors: Dreiblathens Aldis
Published: October 2019

The importance and the great potential for improvements for Latvian ports are directly linked to its geographic position, being located between Europe and Asia. This is why due to the essential role it plays in maritime, Latvian ports cannot be excluded from the international law of the Sea. A prerequisite for maritime safety insurance in ports is the development of maritime security and port legal acts in accordance with the modern international law and regulations. Operations of the major ports in Latvia as well as the maritime safety in ports are controlled and regulated by binding rules issued by municipalities. This study focuses on examining the norms included in the port regulations as well as to what extent ports are capable of ensuring navigation safety in ports according to the legal framework. The study also compares and analyses the differences in legal frameworks in the major Latvian ports, their solution in improving the regulations as well as suggesting a possible way on how the port rulemaking body should be structured.
THE REFORM OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE WILL CONTINUE
Authors: Krastiņš Uldis
Published: October 2019

The article substantiates the view that approved on the 9th of January 2009 by the Cabinet of Ministers of the Latvian Republic, the concept of policy of criminal penalties and adopted on the 13th of December 2013 by the Saeima, the numerous changes in the Criminal Law (CL), should be considered as the beginning of the reform of criminal law of Latvia. In particular, in CL, now is written the principle non bis in idem, the prohibited analogy in the criminal law, from the criminal law is excluded the institute of repetition of criminal acts in all its forms and thereby the scope of application of real set of acts. The author of the article points out that were developed also the other draft amendments and supplements in the CL, for example, regarding the special confiscation of property, the expansion of the content of the estimating concept of essential damage, the other interpretation of criminal acts in the road traffic is suggested, as well as the other forms of guilt in the criminal acts with the complex composition.
PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT THE JUDICIARY AND PHASED EXPANSION OF THE SCOPE OF JUDICIAL CONTROL IN PRE-TRIAL PROCEEDINGS
Authors: Myrzakhanova Marzhan , Myrzakhanov Yerlan , Dananova Alija
Published: October 2019

Saskaņā ar Kazahstānas Republikas Konstitūcijas 1. pantu Kazahstāna ir demokrātiska, tiesiska, laicīga un sociāla valsts, kuras galvenās vērtības ir cilvēks, viņa dzīvība, tiesības un brīvības. Rakstā aplūkoti tiesas kontroles pār pirmstiesas procesu diskutablie jautājumi, ievērojot tiesu varas sistēmu, tiesu varas īstenošanas formas un funkcijas. Pamatojoties uz viedokļu analīzi, izdarīti secinājumi saistībā ar tiesas kontroles, kā tiesu varas īstenošanas formas nozīmi tiesiskuma garantēšanā. Kazahstānas 2009. gada 24. augustā apstiprinātajā Tiesību politikas koncepcijā 2010. – 2020. gadam norādīts, ka tiesu sistēmas attīstības perspektīvas ir saistītas ar tiesas kontroles pār pirmstiesas izmeklēšanu pakāpenisku paplašināšanu. Bet pirms tiesas pilnvaru paplašināšanas reformu uzsākšanas, svarīgi noskaidrot tiesas kontroles nozīmi pirmstiesas procesā un tiesu varas sistēmā.
CRIMINAL LIABILITY FOR SOCIAL HATRED AND ENMITY INSTIGATION, DIFFICULTIES WITH THEIR THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS
Authors: Treļs Ēriks
Published: October 2019

After the Latvian Republic’s accession to the European Union on 1st May 2004, the interaction between representatives of different race, color, nationality, ethnic origin, religion or culture increased and continues to grow with each year. The communication experience and lack of information is a breeding ground for prejudice and violence. The unfavorable economic situation and social challenges are promoting prejudice, intolerance, racism and discrimination. On 25 September 2014, amendments were made to the Criminal Law in Latvia, which improved the regulatory framework in relation to the so-called “hate crimes”, with liability for social hatred and enmity. The article aims to initiate a debate on potential problems related to the application of the Section 150 of the Criminal Law. The author offers his vision of the new regulatory framework application problems.
Comparative Evaluation of Three Obturating Techniques in Primary Molars: An in Vivo Study
Authors: Ellana Jermiah Joseph , Rao Arathi , Srikant N , Rao Ashwin , Suprabha BS
Published: October 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the quality of obturation between the two tested methods for root canal filling with a newer system in primary teeth. Study design: A total of 104 canals were prepared and obturated using zinc oxide eugenol paste. The three delivery systems compared were: Rotary lentulospiral and Navitip® withNavitip® Double Sideport. Radiographs were used to evaluate the canals for length of obturation and presence of voids. Results: The data were analyzed using chi-square tests. Significant differences was seen between the three groups for the presence of voids (p value =0.042) with less voids in Navitip® Double Sideport. There were no difference between the three groups for the extent of filling (p value=0.170). Conclusion- Navitip® Double Sideport showed the better results in terms of extent of obturation and absence of voids when compared to the Rotary lentulospiral and Navitip®.
Analysis of Fluoride Content in Alternative Milk Beverages
Authors: Townsend Janice A , Thompson Tatyana , Vaughn Skylar , Wang Yapin , Yu Qingzhao , Xu Xiaoming , Wen Zezhang T.
Published: October 2019

Background: The dentist has a responsibility to provide nutritional counseling and fluoride consumption recommendations. The purpose of this study was to measure and compare the concentrations of fluoride in a large number of alternative milk beverages and bovine milk. Study design: Thirty-three milk alternatives, including 9 diverse types and 11 different brands, were analyzed using a fluoride ion-selective electrode (ISE) and an ISE meter. Fluoride concentrations were then compared among different types and between different brands. Results: Fluoride concentration ranged from 0.01 ppm (Malk® Pure Cashew Milk) to 0.80 ppm (Almond Breeze® Original Unsweetened Almond Milk) with a mean concentration of 0.32 ppm. When compared, bovine whole milk (0.03±0.00 ppm) was found to be significantly lower in fluoride than all samples analyzed except Malk Pure Cashew Milk, Soy Milk Vanilla, Rice Milk, and Pecan Milk. Major differences also existed between the same milk alternative types of different brands. Conclusion: The amount of fluoride varies among different types of milk alternatives and different brands. To ensure that the dental team can provide proper recommendations regarding fluoride use, manufacturers should consider placing fluoride concentrations on nutrition labels.
The Effect of Tastes in Treating Atherosclerosis
Authors: Yakhchali Maryam , Mirabzadeh Ardakani Mehran , Alizadeh Vaghasloo Mahdi
Published: October 2019

This article is a Letter to the Editor and does not include an Abstract.
Improvement in Semen Quality and Occurrence of Pregnancy Treated with an Herbal Medication: a Case Report
Authors: Kolangi Fatemeh , Shafi Hamid , Memariani Zahra , Kamalinejad Mohammad , Naeimi Maryam , Mozaffarpur Seyyed Ali
Published: October 2019

Male infertility is one of the most important subjects in medical sciences. It can cause private, social, and economic problems. Idiopathic male infertility is a situation where abnormal sperm parameters are created due to no specific cause and without definite standard treatment. Some herbal antioxidants can improve semen quality and assist infertile patients. We here report a case with idiopathic infertility who had been trying to have a child for 4 years, but he failed. A 33-year-old non-smoker, overweight man referral from urologist due to idiopathic infertility to the traditional medicine clinic. He had been trying to have a child for 4 years, and the first three years received antioxidant supplements but he was unsuccessful. Alpinia officinarum (Lesser galangal) rhizome in powder form was prepared and administered to the patient for three months. After the intervention, all the semen parameters were improved. A. officinarum has a high amount of galangin that has antioxidant effects. In this study, we showed that the spouse of an idiopathic infertile male becomes pregnant after receiving A. officinarum rhizome
Para que não se esqueça: direito fundamental à memória e a contribuição da formação escolar
Authors: Pinheiro Priscila , Francischetto Gilsilene Passon P.
Published: October 2019

A sociedade brasileira é formada por diversas marcas adquiridas por processos de violação de direitos e de cometimento de atrocidades por parte do Estado. O presente estudo tem por objetivos a análise da memória enquanto um direito fundamental e os mecanismos criados pela Constituição Federal de 1988, como o art. 216, o qual confere a proteção estatal ao patrimônio cultural brasileiro e o art. 68 do Ato das Disposições Constitucionais Transitórias, que garante aos remanescentes quilombolas a propriedade definitiva das terras que estejam ocupando. Para tanto, analisar-se-á a necessidade do conhecimento, pelas gerações futuras, da verdade sobre o passado histórico como medida de não repetição de abusos cometidos, por exemplo, pelo Estado, sendo elas responsáveis pela transformação social. Por último, apresentar-se-á alguns mecanismos de implantação da memória no ambiente escolar como forma de resgatar de maneira significativa, para o aluno, os fatos históricos.
“MOVIDA PELA PAIXÃO”: gênero, raça e classe no Processo criminal de Angela Davis
Authors: Braga Ana Gabriela Mendes
Published: October 2019

Este paper apresenta algumas reflexões da pesquisa de Pós-doutoramento denominada “Levada pela paixão”: gênero, raça e classe no processo criminal de Angela Davis que tem por objetivo investigar um caso de produção da subjetividade da mulher criminosa pelo sistema de justiça criminal. Trata-se de um trabalho empírico de natureza qualitativa com uso de análise documental, com o objetivo de compreender a operação discursiva e performática de transformar um ícone- uma intelectual feminista negra, àquela altura já doutora em filosofia- em uma “mulher movida pela paixão”. Inspirada pela epistemologia feminista negra  proponho a estratégia do estudo de caso único para pensar os marcadores sociais de classe, raça e gênero articulados no processo criminal de Angela Davis como significativos também em outras experiências no sistema de justiça criminal. Ao final, busco retratar como a experiência de Angela Davis com a justiça criminal e o relato dela sobre a mesma, no duplo ré-autora, pode contribuir na discussão dos processo de criminalização e subjetivação feminina negra, situando esta pesquisa em um debate mais amplo acerca das relações de gênero, raça, classe e direito, o qual nos parece um horizonte necessário e promissor para o campo jurídico e criminológico brasileiro.
Direito fundamental à assistência social: conselhos gestores e serviço de república para egressos de unidades de acolhimento
Authors: Pereira Junior Antonio Jorge , Colares Thiago Pessoa
Published: October 2019

O presente estudo trata do direito fundamental de crianças e jovens à assistência social como fundamento para exigência da prestação do serviço de repúblicas para egressos de Unidades de Acolhimento que atingiram a maioridade. Trata, ainda, das atribuições de conselhos gestores de deliberação e controle da implementação de políticas públicas. Por fim, discrimina o modo como deve ser prestado o serviço de repúblicas e analisa como as omissões municipais em dar efetividade às resoluções aprovadas pelos conselhos permite que o Poder Judiciário determine a obrigação de materialização dos direitos fundamentais. O estudo teve como metodologia a realização de pesquisa qualitativa, bibliográfica e documental.
BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE PEPTIDES IN METABOLISM REGULATION. PEPTONS, PEPTIDES, AMINO ACIDS, FATTY ACIDS, LIPOPROTEINS, LIPIDS, AND THE EFFECT OF NUTRICEUTICALS
Authors: Aripovsky A. V. , Titov V. N.
Published: October 2019

According to phylogenetic theory of general pathology, formation of multicellular organisms started when each cell (a unicellular organism) reached the first level of relative biological perfection. By that time the stimuli for perfection of the unicellular exhausted, and formation of the multicellular became a biological necessity. All cells, being associated, formed the second level of relative biological perfection within the principle of biological succession. The association included highly organized unicellular organisms with their specific autocrine biological functions and reactions. At the second level of relative biological perfection all humoral mediators in paracrine regulated cell communities (PC) and organs were predominantly hydrophilic and short living. They had a small molecular weight and were probably biologically active peptides (BAP). We believe that functional difference of PC and later of organs is based on differentiation of lysosomal function and production of various enzymes involved in proteolysis of dietary proteins. This allowed various PC and organs to form chemically and functionally different BAP pools from one protein upon proteolysis. Individual peptide pools in PC created the basis for morphologically and functionally different cells and organs. Cell that produces peptides can modify their concentration, chemical parameters and ratios by varying the selectivity of its proteases. In vivo regulation of metabolism by BAP has a common root in bacteria, plants and vertebrates, including Homo sapiens. The third level of relative biological perfection in the organism has formed in close association with cognitive biological function.
ETIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE AND ANTIBIOTICOSENSETIVITY OF CERTAIN MICROORGANISMS IN AGGRAVATION OF CHRONICAL BRONCHOPULMONARY PATHOLOGY IN WORKERS OF DIVERSE ECONOMIC SECTORS
Authors: Gizatullina L. G. , Masyagutova L. M. , Bakirov A. B.
Published: October 2019

It has been shown that in patients with upper respiratory diseases of occupational etiology gram negative flora prevail (38% of cases). They are followed by yeast-like fungi (up to 36% of cases), gram positive flora - 26%. The most effective antibacterial agents for treating golden staphilococcus in patients of the group studied are cefotaxime, sparfloxacine, levofloloxacine. Cefotoxime, ceftriaxon, ciprofloxacine are used against intestinal bacteria. Cefepim, ceftazidim are used against non-fermenting gram negative bacteria. C.Albicans can be treated with amfotericine and fluconazol.
Pequeñas rebeldías – Ciclo de cine iraní. Cineclub Rebelar
Authors: Negrete Gutiérrez Ameyalli
Published: October 2019

Ciclo de cine iraní.
Variantes y reelaboración del exemplum del hombre y el ave en la Disciplina Clericalis, Barlaam y Josafat y el Libro del caballero Zifar
Authors: Bermúdez Callejas Sulemi
Published: October 2019

En la tradición medieval, era común el uso de exempla como un método de enseñanza de la época. El exemplum del hombre y el ave aparece en varias obras medievales a veces como parte de antologías de exempla y otras como núcleo temático e ideológico de la narración. En este artículo, se analiza el motivo de los tres consejos de un pájaro a un cazador y su reelaboración en el Barlaam y Josafat, la Disciplina Clericalis y el Libro del caballero Zifar. En estos tres relatos se presentan cambios en el orden de los consejos como en elementos indiciales (el lugar, el ave, el hombre, el tesoro). Las variaciones responden tanto a la mezcla de tradiciones comoa la intención autoral.
El espacio de la alcahueta: el marco urbano en La Celestina y La Lozana andaluza
Authors: Francois Jéromine
Published: October 2019

Este artículo propone una comparación del tratamiento del espacio en La Celestina de Fernando de Rojas y en La Lozana andaluza de Francisco Delicado. A través de un estudio del marco urbano, de los recorridos, de la organización espacial en casas-calles-umbrales, y de la dicotomía entre lo público y lo privado, se evidencian el diálogo y la relación de rivalidad que Delicado inicia con su predecesor a partir de la topografía de su texto. Se verá que, aunque en ambos textos el personaje de la alcahueta se apodera de una configuración espacial urbana para cumplir con su faena, Celestina nivela los espacios destruyendo sus fronteras mientras que Lozana más bien tiende a crear nuevos espacios y a volverse una verdadera gestora del marco espacial. En este estudio se argumentará asimismo sobre las formas y funciones que La Lozana atribuye al espacio con el fin de posicionarse con respecto a su exitosa antepasada.
Biber (Capsicum annuumL.) Genotiplerinin SSR Markörleri ile Genetik Karakterizasyonu
Authors: KARAKURT Yaşar , GÜVERCİN Damla , CESUR Ezgi
Published: October 2019

Amaç: Biber (Capsicum annuum) genotiplerinin SSR
markörleri ile genetik karakterizasyonuyapılmıştır.

Materyal ve Metot:Çalışmada
kullanılan biber çeşitleri Akdeniz Bölgesinde yer alan Antalya ilindeki çeşitli
fide şirketlerinden temin edilmiştir. Toplamda 10 çeşit biber fidesi ve 10 SSR
primeri ile PCR çalışmaları yürütülmüştür.

Bulgular: SSR markörleri
ile yapılan UPGMA analizleri sonucunda biber çeşitleri 2 ana gruba ayrılmıştır.
Birinci ana grup iki alt gruba ayrılmıştır. İlk alt grupta Vezir, Üçburun,
Acıburun, Yükselince, Anadol, Serenad, Hayfa Şili yer almaktadır. İkinci alt
grupta ise Jalomex yer almaktadır. İkinci ana grupta Ergenekon ve Kanyon genotipleri
yer almaktadır. Vezir- Üçburun ve Yükselince- Anadol çeşitleri benzer gruplar
olup incelenen SSR bölgeleri bakımından benzer özellik göstererek birlikte
gruplanmıştır. Ergenekon- Kanyon, Serenad- Hayfa Şili kendi aralarında
benzerlik gösteren diğer gruptur. En uzak benzerlik Jalomex ve Ergenekon
arasında olup, ikinci uzak benzerlik Jalomex- Kanyon arasındadır. Toplam allel
sayısının 162, spesifik allel sayısının 60 olduğu ve bant büyüklüğünün ise 164
ile 294 bç arasında değiştiği belirlenmiştir. Polimorfik bilgi içeriği (PBİ)
0,04 ile 0,89 arasında değişim göstermiştir. 

Sonuç:Türkiye’deki biber
türlerine ait SSR bulgularımız, bölgede bundan sonraki ıslah çalışmalarında
ebeveyn seçiminde bir basamak oluştururken, biber genotiplerinin yayılma
alanlarının belirlenmesinde, genetik koleksiyonların karşılaştırılmasında,  biber genotiplerinin karakterizasyonunda
kullanılabilir.
PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM PELESTARIAN NASKAH KUNO MINANGKABAU DI NAGARI KOTO PADANG KABUPATEN DHARMASRAYA SUMATERA BARAT
Authors: Desriyeni Desriyeni
Published: October 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mengkaji partisipasi masyarakat dalam pelestarian naskah kuno di Nagari Koto Padang Kabupaten Dharmasraya Sumatera Barat. Latar belakang dilakukannya penelitian ini yaitu melihat konsistensi dan partisipasi masyarakat dalam melestarikan naskah kuno di Nagari Koto Padang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus, data penelitian dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, observasi, dan studi dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa:(1) Partisipasi masyarakat dalam pelestarian naskah kuno (manuskrip) di Nagari Koto Padang baru sebatas upaya untuk mempertahankan keberadaaan naskah; (2) Tindakan pelestarian preventif dilakukan oleh pewaris naskah dengan menjaga naskah terhindar dari debu, serangan serangga, dan mempertahankan suhu dan kelembaban udara yang tidak merusak naskah, serta menyimpan naskah pada lemari penyimpanan; sedangkan pelestarian kuratif dilakukan oleh penggiat naskah dengan cara alihmedia (digitalisasi), pendeskripsian isi naskah, dan penyusunan katalogisasi naskah; dan (3) Hambatan yang ditemui dalam pelestarian naskah ini adalah tidak tersedianya dana, dan peralatan operasional dari masyarakat, serta kurangnya pengetahuan masyarakat (sumberdaya manusia) untuk pelestarian naskah. Untuk mendukung pelestarian naskah kuno (fisik dan informasi yang terkandung didalamnya) disarankan agar pemerintah Kabupaten Dharmasraya dan Museum Adityawarman mendanai dan memberi pelatihan kepada masyarakat untuk pelestarian naskah kuno di Nagari Koto Padang.
Media Literacy versus Fake News
Authors: McDougall Julian
Published: October 2019

This article shares research findings to support the case for media literacy education to facilitate resilient media engagement by young citizens. It shares the outcomes of a project funded by the US Embassy in London, which brought together leading researchers from the United States and UK with a range of key stakeholders, including journalists, teachers, students, librarians and information professionals. This ethnographic research consisted of interviews with prominent members of the stakeholder fields, four multi-stakeholder dialogic workshops and an extensive field review or literature, policy, pedagogic practice and existing educational resources. From the findings of this ethnography, the argument is presented that critical media literacy, if adopted as a mandatory subject in schools and taught as a dynamic literacy education, would better equip young citizens with resilience to ‘information disorder’ (Wardle and Derakhshan, 2017) than reactive resources (such as fact-checking and verification tools) and small-scale projects which focus primarily on competences.
Mechanical Properties of 3D-Printing Polylactic Acid Parts Subjected to Bending Stress and Fatigue Testing
Authors: Travieso-Rodriguez J. Antonio , Jerez-Mesa Ramon , Llumà Jordi , Traver-Ramos Oriol , Gomez-Gras Giovanni , Roa Rovira Joan Josep
Published: October 2019

This paper aims to analyse the mechanical properties response of polylactic acid (PLA) parts manufactured through fused filament fabrication. The influence of six manufacturing factors (layer height, filament width, fill density, layer orientation, printing velocity, and infill pattern) on the flexural resistance of PLA specimens is studied through an L27 Taguchi experimental array. Different geometries have been tested on a four-point bending machine and on a rotating bending machine. From the first experimental phase, an optimal set of parameters deriving in the highest flexural resistance have been determined. Results show that layer orientation is the most influential parameter, followed by layer height, filament width, and printing velocity, whereas the fill density and infill pattern show no significant influence. Finally, the fatigue fracture behaviour is evaluated and compared with previous studies results, to present a comprehensive study of the mechanical properties of the material under different kind of solicitations.
On the Characteristic Properties of Geodesic Sub-$ (\alpha,b,s )$-Preinvex
Authors: Saleh Wedad , Kilicman Adem
Published: October 2019

In the present work we study the properties of geodesic sub-$ (\alpha,b,s) $-preinvex functions on Hadamard manifolds and establish some basic properties in both general and differential cases. Further, we study sufficient conditions of optimality and proved some new inequalities under geodesic sub-($ \alpha,b,s $)-preinvexity.
Dust Storm Event of February 2019 in Central and East Coast of Australia and Evidence of Long-Range Transport to New Zealand and Antarctica
Authors: Nguyen Hiep Duc , Riley Matthew , Leys John , Salter David
Published: October 2019

Between 11 to 15 February 2019, a dust storm originating from Central Australia with persistent westerly and south westerly winds caused high particles concentration at many sites in the state of New South Wales (NSW), both inland and along the coast. The dust continued on to New Zealand and to Antarctica in the south east. This study uses observed data from air quality monitoring stations in NSW and New Zealand, MODIS 3km AOD (Aerosol Optical Depth) product from Terra/Aqua and lidar aerosol profile from CALIPSO (Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations) satellite data, and the Weather Research Forecast WRF-Chem model based on GOCART-AFWA (Goddard Chemistry Aerosol Radiation and Transport – Air Force and Weather Agency) dust scheme and GOCART aerosol and gas-phase MOZART (Model for Ozone And Related chemical Tracers) chemistry model to study the long-range transport of aerosols for the period 11 to 15 February 2019 across eastern Australia and onto New Zealand and Antarctica. Wild fires also happened in northern NSW at the same time and their emissions are taken into account in WRF-Chem model by using Fire Inventory from NCAR (FINN) as emission input. Modelling results by the WRF-Chem model show that for the Canterbury region of South Island of New Zealand, peak concentration of PM10 (and PM2.5) as measured on 14 February 2019 at 05:00 UTC at the monitoring stations of Geraldine, Ashburton, Timaru and Woolston (Christchurch), which are more than 100km from each other and at Rangiora, Kaiapoi about 2 hours later, correspond to the prediction of high PM10 due to intrusion of dust to ground level from transported dust layer above. The Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) observation data from MODIS Terra/Aqua and CALIOP lidar measurements on board CALIPSO satellite also indicate that high altitude of dust, originated from this dust storm event in Australia, was located above Antarctica. This study suggests that at present dust storms in Australia can transport dust from sources in Central Australia to the Tasman sea, New Zealand and Antarctica. This process has been going on for at least the last 170k years as indicated by dust found in ice cores from Antarctica and sediment records in the Tasman Sea.
Physiological, Proteomic, and Biochemical analysis Reveal Possible Cross-Tolerance in Metabolism and Heat Response Proteins in Response to Heat and Water Stress in Soybean
Authors: Katam Ramesh , Murthy Nitya , Shokri Sedigheh , Lokhande Suresh , Suravajhala Prashanth , Khan Mudassar Nawaz , Bahamani Mahya , Sakata Katsumi , Isaragumpot Vanamrung , Reddy Kambham Raja
Published: October 2019

Water stress (WS) and heat stress (HS) have a negative effect on soybean plant growth and crop productivity. During WS, soybean plants opt for survival through ion homeostasis and the conformations of proteins are disconcerted as plant cells lose water while HS leads to difficulties in flowering and fruiting. Some of these changes include oxidative stress leading to destruction of photosynthetic apparatus, macromolecules within cells and the onset of complex signaling cascades. Changes in the physiological characteristics, proteome, and certain metabolites were investigated on molecular and cellular functions, two soybean cultivars were exposed to different heat and water stress conditions independently and in combination. Leaf protein composition was studied using 2-DE and complemented with MALDI TOF mass spectrometry. Thirty-nine proteins were significantly altered in their relative abundance in response to WS, HS and combined WS+HS in both cultivars. Functional analysis revealed a majority of heat responsive-proteins were up regulated during HS and combined stress (WS+HS) while these proteins were down regulated to WS in tolerant cultivar with heat shock proteins generally down regulated to all levels of stress in DS cultivar. Protein MED37C, a probable mediator of RNA polymerase transcription II yielded potential protein interactors partners in Arabidopsis and our studies documents the significant impact of the protein in PI cultivar. Our study hypothesizes the plant’s development of cross-stress tolerance and will help foster the ongoing ventures in genetic modifications in stress tolerance.
HOW MIGRANTS FROM CITIES BECOME POTENTIAL INNOVATORS IN KOREAN RURAL COMMUNITIES
Authors: Cho Oakla
Published: October 2019

Since 2010 there were more migrants from urban center to rural area due to the increase of retirees population and willingness to seek alternative lifestyles to a neo-liberal society. By this migrants movement, rural policy makers expected and considered as a new source of labor to supplement the farming industry and to vitalize social activities in rural society, and to provide organizational ability to systemize rural projects in order to cope with a changing environment.  However, it is not quite clear how these migrants may bring about changes in farming and in local communities. This paper will discuss the conditions and potentiality of these migrants in relation to farming projects. The paper argued that most migrants were well-educated, innovators for new farming practices, market oriented,  tend to engage in health food production, and emphasize on eco-farming or environmentally friendly farming. As newcomers they have limitations in regards to farming technology, knowledge, physical power and land holdings. In regards to eco-friendly farming, they seem to be influenced more by NGOs and governmental support for organic farming. The migrants who do not farm  mostly involved in village projects during the course of implementation. It was concluded that the migrants were very valuable assets to rural community and play a crucial role in putting together various interest groups in villages and establishing income-generating projects so that villagers can start being optimistic about their future.
FOOD POLICY COUNCIL AS CIVIC ENGAGEMENT FOR FOOD ISSUES
Authors: Tachikawa Masashi
Published: October 2019

The purpose of this paper is to elucidate the nature of food issue in our society and propose a forum to discuss multi-facet issues of food based on the North American experience, such as food policy council (FPC). Contemporary food system in Japan is full of problems, such as low level self-sufficiency, food loss, problem of food access, large food miles, declining food culture under globalization, and so on. After reviewing these food related issues, the paper refers to the US and Canadian experiences on food policy council as a model to provide a forum for various stakeholders with different or even conflicting interests. Based on observations on the FPCs, such as Knoxville (US) and Toronto (Canada), author emphasized public aspect of food issues and draw attentions to differences in structural aspects of food between North America and Japan. The paper also tries to draw attention to differences between North America and Japan in terms of food issues. In particular, the demographic and geographical differences would exist of a major structural aspect when considering food issue in Japan.
SOCIOECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF EMIGRATION IN THE EARLY STAGE OF MODERNIZATION: PATH ANALYSIS BASED ON THE VILLAGE DATA IN JAPAN
Authors: Kawamura Yoshio
Published: October 2019

International mobility of human beings is an important social phenomenon that demonstrates the degree of dynamism of a society. However, unlike many of European countries, Japanese emigrants to Hawaii, North America, South America and other Asian regions during the modernizing stage from the Meiji era to World War II were estimated as about one million at most; it might be said that the emigrants were exceptional as an illustration of labor force mobility. One characteristic fact of Japanese emigration is that home villages of emigrants are distributed very unevenly geographically. The paper deals with this geo- graphically skewed distribution of villages inducing emigrants, clarifying what conditions of socioeconomic factors affect the emigration at the village level in the early stage of Japanese modernization. For the analysis, the dimensionality test by component factor analysis and path analysis are introduced, based on the secondary data which was published by the government in 1880 (Meiji 13) and then. The analysis clarifies that no single factor but several factors simultaneously affect the emigration at the village level, constructing the complex structure formed by three basic components: natural environment, accessibility of external resources and. socioeconomic characteristics.
RURAL DECENTRALIZATION IN INDIA AT THE CROSS- ROADS: THE CONTEXT, CHALLENGES AND CONSEQUENCES
Authors: Datta Prabhat Kumar
Published: October 2019

This article attempts to make a critical evaluation of the working of the institutional system of democratic decentralization in rural India against the backdrop of its historical development. It has been argued that although it is not difficult to trace the roots of decentralized government in ancient India it hardly resembles the modern model of decentralization conceived and developed by a host of the Western scholars. The colonial rulers introduced decentralized governance in India to promote colonial objectives and to help perpetuate the British rule. The post- colonial state took steps to initiate the process of rural decentralization in 1950s but it went out of steam soon. In 1990s there was a paradigm shift in India’s policy. And in 1992 the Constitution was amended to pave the road for democratic decentralization but currently it seems to be in the cross-roads. This paper seeks to capture the historical development of the journey of decentralization and identify the roadblocks and the takeaways from the experience of working of the institutions of rural decentralization in India.