bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How gluttonous cell aggregates clear substrates coated with microparticles
Authors: Beaune Grégory , Lam Andy Y. W. , Dufour Sylvie , Winnik Françoise M. , Brochard-Wyart Françoise
Published: November 2017

We study the spreading of cell aggregates deposited on adhesive substrates decorated with microparticles (MPs). A cell monolayer expands around the aggregate. The cells on the periphery of the monolayer take up the MPs, clearing the substrate as they progress and forming an aureole of cells filled with MPs. We study the dynamics of spreading and determine the width of the aureole and the level of MP internalization in cells as a function of MP size, composition, and density. From the radius and width of the aureole, we quantify the volume fraction of MPs within the cell, which leads to an easy, fast, and inexpensive measurement of the cell – particle internalization.
Observation of dielectric universalities in albumin, cytochrome C and Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 extracellular matrix
Authors: Motovilov K. A. , Savinov M. , Zhukova E. S. , Pronin A. A. , Gagkaeva Z. V. , Grinenko V. , Sidoruk K. V. , Voeikova T. A. , Barzilovich P. Yu. , Grebenko A. K. , Lisovskii S. V. , Torgashev V. I. , Bednyakov P. , Pokorný J. , Dressel M. , Gorshunov B. P.
Published: November 2017

The electrodynamics of metals is well understood within the Drude conductivity model; properties of insulators and semiconductors are governed by a gap in the electronic states. But there is a great variety of disordered materials that do not fall in these categories and still respond to external field in an amazingly uniform manner. At radiofrequencies delocalized charges yield a frequency-independent conductivity σ1(ν) whose magnitude exponentially decreases while cooling. With increasing frequency, dispersionless conductivity starts to reveal a power-law dependence σ1(ν)∝ν
s
with s < 1 caused by hopping charge carriers. At low temperatures, such Universal Dielectric Response can cross over to another universal regime with nearly constant loss ε″∝σ1/ν = const. The powerful research potential based on such universalities is widely used in condensed matter physics. Here we study the broad-band (1–1012 Hz) dielectric response of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 extracellular matrix, cytochrome C and serum albumin. Applying concepts of condensed matter physics, we identify transport mechanisms and a number of energy, time, frequency, spatial and temperature scales in these biological objects, which can provide us with deeper insight into the protein dynamics.
Cat-D: a targeted sequencing method for the simultaneous detection of small DNA mutations and large DNA deletions with flexible boundaries
Authors: Hong Ru , Chandola Udita , Zhang Li-Feng
Published: November 2017

We developed a targeted DNA sequencing method that is capable of detecting a comprehensive panel of DNA mutations including small DNA mutations and large DNA deletions with unknown/flexible boundaries. The method directly identifies the large DNA deletions (Cat-D) without relying on sequencing coverage to make the genotype calls. We performed the method to simultaneously detect 10 small DNA mutations in β-thalassemia and 2 large genomic deletions in α-thalassemia from 10 genomic DNA samples. Cat-D was performed on 8 genomic DNA samples in duplicate. The 18 Cat-D samples were combined in one sequencing run. In total, 216 genotype calls were made, and 215 of the genotype calls were accurate. No false negative genotype calls were made. One false positive genotype call was made on one target mutation in one experimental duplicate from a genomic DNA sample. In summary, Cat-D can be developed into a robust, high-throughput and cost-effective method suitable for population-based carrier screens.
Structure of FlgK reveals the divergence of the bacterial Hook-Filament Junction of Campylobacter
Authors: Bulieris Paula V. , Shaikh Nausad H. , Freddolino Peter L. , Samatey Fadel A.
Published: November 2017

Evolution of a nano-machine consisting of multiple parts, each with a specific function, is a complex process. A change in one part should eventually result in changes in other parts, if the overall function is to be conserved. In bacterial flagella, the filament and the hook have distinct functions and their respective proteins, FliC and FlgE, have different three-dimensional structures. The filament functions as a helical propeller and the hook as a flexible universal joint. Two proteins, FlgK and FlgL, assure a smooth connectivity between the hook and the filament. Here we show that, in Campylobacter, the 3D structure of FlgK differs from that of its orthologs in Salmonella and Burkholderia, whose structures have previously been solved. Docking the model of the FlgK junction onto the structure of the Campylobacter hook provides some clues about its divergence. These data suggest how evolutionary pressure to adapt to structural constraints, due to the structure of Campylobacter hook, causes divergence of one element of a supra-molecular complex in order to maintain the function of the entire flagellar assembly.
Enforced GFI1 expression impedes human and murine leukemic cell growth
Authors: Hönes Judith M. , Thivakaran Aniththa , Botezatu Lacramioara , Patnana Pradeep , Castro Symone Vitoriano da Conceição , Al-Matary Yahya S. , Schütte Judith , Fischer Karen B. I. , Vassen Lothar , Görgens André , Dührsen Ulrich , Giebel Bernd , Khandanpour Cyrus
Published: November 2017

The differentiation of haematopoietic cells is regulated by a plethora of so-called transcription factors (TFs). Mutations in genes encoding TFs or graded reduction in their expression levels can induce the development of various malignant diseases such as acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). Growth Factor Independence 1 (GFI1) is a transcriptional repressor with key roles in haematopoiesis, including regulating self-renewal of haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) as well as myeloid and lymphoid differentiation. Analysis of AML patients and different AML mouse models with reducedGFI1gene expression levels revealed a direct link between low GFI1 protein level and accelerated AML development and inferior prognosis. Here, we report that upregulated expression ofGFI1in several widely used leukemic cell lines inhibits their growth and decreases the ability to generate coloniesin vitro. Similarly, elevated expression ofGFI1impedes thein vitroexpansion of murine pre-leukemic cells. Using a humanized AML model, we demonstrate that upregulation ofGFI1expression leads to myeloid differentiation morphologically and immunophenotypically, increased level of apoptosis and reduction in number of cKit+cells. These results suggest that increasing GFI1 level in leukemic cells with lowGFI1expression level could be a therapeutic approach.
Splenic glucocorticoid resistance following psychosocial stress requires physical injury
Authors: Foertsch Sandra , Füchsl Andrea M. , Faller Sandra D. , Hölzer Hannah , Langgartner Dominik , Messmann Joanna , Strauß Gudrun , Reber Stefan O.
Published: November 2017

Mice exposed to chronic subordinate colony housing (CSC) stress show glucocorticoid (GC) resistance of in vitro lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated splenocytes, increased anxiety and colitis. Similar effects were reported in wounded mice exposed to social disruption (SDR). Here we show that CSC exposure induced GC resistance in isolated and in vitro LPS-stimulated, but not unstimulated, splenocytes, and these effects were absent when CD11b+ splenocytes were depleted. Moreover, re-active coping behaviour during CSC correlated with the attacks and bites received by the resident, which in turn highly correlated with the dimension of splenic GC resistance, as with basal and LPS-induced in vitro splenocyte viability. Importantly, social stress promoted spleen cell activation, independent of bite wounds or CD11b+/CD11b− cell phenotype, whereas GC resistance was dependent on both bite wounds and the presence of CD11b+ cells. Together, our findings indicate that the mechanisms underlying splenic immune activation and GC resistance following social stress in male mice are paradigm independent and, to a large extent, dependent on wounding, which, in turn, is associated with a re-active coping style.
Nitrogen-related intermediate band in P-rich GaNxPyAs1−x−y alloys
Authors: Zelazna K. , Gladysiewicz M. , Polak M. P. , Almosni S. , Létoublon A. , Cornet C. , Durand O. , Walukiewicz W. , Kudrawiec R.
Published: November 2017

The electronic band structure of phosphorus-rich GaNxPyAs1−x−y alloys (x ~ 0.025 and y ≥ 0.6) is studied experimentally using optical absorption, photomodulated transmission, contactless electroreflectance, and photoluminescence. It is shown that incorporation of a few percent of N atoms has a drastic effect on the electronic structure of the alloys. The change of the electronic band structure is very well described by the band anticrossing (BAC) model in which localized nitrogen states interact with the extended states of the conduction band of GaAsP host. The BAC interaction results in the formation of a narrow intermediate band (E− band in BAC model) with the minimum at the Γ point of the Brillouin zone resulting in a change of the nature of the fundamental band gap from indirect to direct. The splitting of the conduction band by the BAC interaction is further confirmed by a direct observation of the optical transitions to the E+ band using contactless electroreflectance spectroscopy.
Drosophila muscles regulate the immune response against wasp infection via carbohydrate metabolism
Authors: Yang Hairu , Hultmark Dan
Published: November 2017

We recently found that JAK/STAT signaling in skeletal muscles is important for the immune response of Drosophila larvae against wasp infection, but it was not clear how muscles could affect the immune response. Here we show that insulin signaling is required in muscles, but not in fat body or hemocytes, during larval development for an efficient encapsulation response and for the formation of lamellocytes. This effect requires TOR signaling. We show that muscle tissue affects the immune response by acting as a master regulator of carbohydrate metabolism in the infected animal, via JAK/STAT and insulin signaling in the muscles, and that there is indirect positive feedback between JAK/STAT and insulin signaling in the muscles. Specifically, stimulation of JAK/STAT signaling in the muscles can rescue the deficient immune response when insulin signaling is suppressed. Our results shed new light on the interaction between metabolism, immunity, and tissue communication.
Correlations and forecast of death tolls in the Syrian conflict
Authors: Fujita Kazuki , Shinomoto Shigeru , Rocha Luis E. C.
Published: November 2017

The Syrian armed conflict has been ongoing since 2011 and has already caused thousands of deaths. The analysis of death tolls helps to understand the dynamics of the conflict and to better allocate resources and aid to the affected areas. In this article, we use information on the daily number of deaths to study temporal and spatial correlations in the data, and exploit this information to forecast events of deaths. We found that the number of violent deaths per day in Syria varies more widely than that in England in which non-violent deaths dominate. We have identified strong positive auto-correlations in Syrian cities and non-trivial cross-correlations across some of them. The results indicate synchronization in the number of deaths at different times and locations, suggesting respectively that local attacks are followed by more attacks at subsequent days and that coordinated attacks may also take place across different locations. Thus the analysis of high temporal resolution data across multiple cities makes it possible to infer attack strategies, warn potential occurrence of future events, and hopefully avoid further deaths.
Third Repeat Microvascular Reconstruction in Head and Neck Cancer Patients Aged 65 Years and Older: A Longitudinal and Sequential Analysis
Authors: Löfstrand Jonas , Chang Kai-Ping , Lin Jennifer An-Jou , Loh Charles Yuen Yung , Chou Hsuan-Yu , Kao Huang-Kai
Published: November 2017

Performing a sequential third free flap for reconstruction of a head and neck defect after cancer resection can be challenging, and the problem is further compounded in elderly patients. The outcomes in this clinical scenario are currently unknown and this study aims to compare the results in elderly patients with younger patients in a high-volume microsurgical unit. A retrospective review of 126 consecutive patients who had undergone three sequential free flap reconstructions after head and neck cancer was performed. The patients were divided into two groups – older or younger than 65 years old (n = 105 and n = 21, respectively). Patient demographics, intraoperative and postoperative outcomes were noted and analyzed. The overall flap success in this patient cohort was 94.4% (7 flap losses in 126 patients). Cardiovascular complications were significantly more common in the older group (19% vs. 1.9%, p = 0.001). Delirium occurred more frequently in the older group compared with the younger group (23.8% vs. 6.7%, p = 0.023). There were no significant differences regarding surgical complications. With adequate planning, a sequential third free flap can be performed safely and successfully in patients who are more than 65 years of age. Particular attention to the perioperative morbidity in elderly patients is crucial for successful outcomes.
Previous crop and rotation history effects on maize seedling health and associated rhizosphere microbiome
Authors: Benitez Maria-Soledad , Osborne Shannon L. , Lehman R. Michael
Published: November 2017

To evaluate crop rotation effects on maize seedling performance and its associated microbiome, maize plants were grown in the greenhouse in soils preceded by either maize, pea, soybean or sunflower. Soils originated from a replicated field experiment evaluating different four-year rotation combinations. In the greenhouse, a stressor was introduced by soil infestation with western corn rootworm (WCR) or Fusarium graminearum. Under non-infested conditions, maize seedlings grown in soils preceded by sunflower or pea had greater vigor. Stress with WCR or F. graminearum resulted in significant root damage. WCR root damage was equivalent for seedlings regardless of soil provenance; whereas F. graminearum root damage was significantly lower in maize grown in soils preceded by sunflower. Infestation with WCR affected specific microbial taxa (Acinetobacter, Smaragdicoccus, Aeromicrobium, Actinomucor). Similarly, F. graminearum affected fungal endophytes including Trichoderma and Endogone. In contrast to the biological stressors, rotation sequence had a greater effect on rhizosphere microbiome composition, with larger effects observed for fungi compared to bacteria. In particular, relative abundance of Glomeromycota was significantly higher in soils preceded by sunflower or maize. Defining the microbial players involved in crop rotational effects in maize will promote selection and adoption of favorable crop rotation sequences.
Pain dilates time perception
Authors: Rey Amandine E. , Michael George A. , Dondas Corina , Thar Marvin , Garcia-Larrea Luis , Mazza Stéphanie
Published: November 2017

We have all experienced that time seems stretched during unpleasant situations. While there is evidence of subjective time overestimation when perceiving external unpleasant stimuli, no study has measured the dilation of time when individuals experience an unpleasant situation in their own body. Here we measured the time dilation induced by a painful homeostatic deviance using temporal bisection task. We show that being in pain leads to an expansion of subjective time whereby a stronger increase in pain perception relative to non-painful stimulation leads to a stronger time-estimate distortion. Neurophysiological studies suggest that time estimation and the perception of self might share a common neural substrate. We propose that, along with bodily arousal and attentional capture, the enhancement of self-awareness may be critical to support dilated subjective time when experiencing pain. As other homeostatic deviances, pain may induce a focus on ourselves contributing to the impression that “time stands still”.
Integrative taxonomy methods reveal high mealybug (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) diversity in southern Brazilian fruit crops
Authors: Pacheco da Silva Vitor C. , Kaydan Mehmet Bora , Malausa Thibaut , Germain Jean-François , Palero Ferran , Botton Marcos
Published: November 2017

The Serra Gaúcha region is the most important temperate fruit-producing area in southern Brazil. Despite mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) infesting several host plants in the region, there is a lack of information about the composition of species damaging different crops. A survey of mealybug species associated with commercial fruit crops (apple, persimmon, strawberry and grapes) was performed in Serra Gaúcha between 2013 and 2015, using both morphology and DNA analyses for species identification. The most abundant species were Pseudococcus viburni (Signoret), found on all four host plant species, and Dysmicoccus brevipes (Cockerell), infesting persimmon, vines and weeds. The highest diversity of mealybug species was found on persimmon trees, hosting 20 different taxa, of which Anisococcus granarae Pacheco da Silva & Kaydan, D. brevipes, Pseudococcus sociabilis Hambleton and Ps. viburni were the most abundant. A total of nine species were recorded in vineyards. Planococcus ficus (Signoret) and Pseudococcus longispinus (Targioni Tozzetti) were observed causing damage to grapes for the first time. A single species, Ps. viburni, was found associated with apples, while both Ps. viburni and Ferrisia meridionalis Williams were found on strawberry. Four of the mealybug species found represent new records for Brazil.
Interpretation of dynamic tensile behavior by austenite stability in ferrite-austenite duplex lightweight steels
Authors: Park Jaeyeong , Jo Min Cheol , Jeong Hyeok Jae , Sohn Seok Su , Kwak Jai-Hyun , Kim Hyoung Seop , Lee Sunghak
Published: November 2017

Phenomena occurring in duplex lightweight steels under dynamic loading are hardly investigated, although its understanding is essentially needed in applications of automotive steels. In this study, quasi-static and dynamic tensile properties of duplex lightweight steels were investigated by focusing on how TRIP and TWIP mechanisms were varied under the quasi-static and dynamic loading conditions. As the annealing temperature increased, the grain size and volume fraction of austenite increased, thereby gradually decreasing austenite stability. The strain-hardening rate curves displayed a multiple-stage strain-hardening behavior, which was closely related with deformation mechanisms. Under the dynamic loading, the temperature rise due to adiabatic heating raised the austenite stability, which resulted in the reduction in the TRIP amount. Though the 950 °C-annealed specimen having the lowest austenite stability showed the very low ductility and strength under the quasi-static loading, it exhibited the tensile elongation up to 54% as well as high strain-hardening rate and tensile strength (1038 MPa) due to appropriate austenite stability under dynamic loading. Since dynamic properties of the present duplex lightweight steels show the excellent strength-ductility combination as well as continuously high strain hardening, they can be sufficiently applied to automotive steel sheets demanded for stronger vehicle bodies and safety enhancement.
Stable ICG-loaded upconversion nanoparticles: silica core/shell theranostic nanoplatform for dual-modal upconversion and photoacoustic imaging together with photothermal therapy
Authors: Lv Ruichan , Wang Depeng , Xiao Liyang , Chen Guanying , Xia Jun , Prasad Paras N.
Published: November 2017

We report here the design and multiple functions of a new hierarchical nanotheronostic platform consisting of an upconversion nanoparticle (UCNP) core: shell with an additional mesoporous silica (mSiO2) matrix load shell containing sealed, high concentration of ICG molecules. We demonstrate that this UCNP@mSiO2-ICG nanoplatform can perform the following multiple functions under NIR excitation at 800 nm: 1) Light harvesting by the UCNP shell containing Nd and subsequent energy transfer to Er in the Core to produce efficient green and red upconversion luminescence for optical imaging; 2) Efficient nonradiative relaxation and local heating produced by concentration quenching in aggregated ICG imbedded in the mesopourous silica shell to enable both photoacoustic imaging and photothermal therapy. Compared to pure ICG, sealing of mesoporous silica platforms prevents the leak-out and improves the stability of ICG by protecting from rapid hydrolysis. Under 800 nm laser excitation, we performed both optical and photoacoustic (PA) imaging in vitro and in vivo. Our results demonstrated that UCNP@mSiO2-ICG with sealed structures could be systemically delivered to brain vessels, with a long circulation time. In addition, these nanoplatforms were capable of producing strong hyperthermia efforts to kill cancer cells and hela cells under 800 nm laser irradiation.
Activation of endogenous arginine vasopressin neurons inhibit food intake: by using a novel transgenic rat line with DREADDs system
Authors: Yoshimura Mitsuhiro , Nishimura Kazuaki , Nishimura Haruki , Sonoda Satomi , Ueno Hiromichi , Motojima Yasuhito , Saito Reiko , Maruyama Takashi , Nonaka Yuki , Ueta Yoichi
Published: November 2017

Various studies contributed to discover novel mechanisms of central arginine vasopressin (AVP) system responsible for the behaviour albeit endogenous vasopressin activation. We established a novel transgenic rat line which expresses both human muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (hM3Dq), of which ligand is clozapine-N-oxide (CNO), and mCherry fluorescence specifically in AVP neurons. The mCherry neurons that indicate the expression of the hM3Dq gene were observed in the suprachiasmatic (SCN), supraoptic (SON), and paraventricular nuclei (PVN). hM3Dq-mCherry fluorescence was localized mainly in the membrane of the neurons. The mCherry neurons were co-localized with AVP-like immunoreactive (LI) neurons, but not with oxytocin-LI neurons. The induction of Fos, which is the indicator for neuronal activity, was observed in approximately 90% of the AVP-LI neurons in the SON and PVN 90 min after intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of CNO. Plasma AVP was significantly increased and food intake, water intake, and urine volume were significantly attenuated after i.p. administration of CNO. Although the detailed mechanism has unveiled, we demonstrated, for the first time, that activation of endogenous AVP neurons decreased food intake. This novel transgenic rat line may provide a revolutionary insight into the neuronal mechanism regarding central AVP system responsible for various kind of behaviours.
Homocysteine in retinal artery occlusive disease: A meta-analysis of cohort studies
Authors: Huang Xuetao , Yang Yezhen , Duan Yiqin , Kuang Yi-Qun , Lin Ding
Published: November 2017

Few studies have reported the relationship between retinal artery occlusion (RAO) and plasma homocysteine (Hcy) levels. Our goal was to evaluate the association between the plasma Hcy level and the risk of RAO disease. Several databases were searched for all published studies that involved Hcy and RAO. Six studies evaluated hyperhomocysteinemia (hHcy) in retinal artery occlusion patients and controls; the incidence of hHcy in patients with RAO was higher than the control and the pooled odds ratio (OR) was 6.64 (95% confidence interval (CI): 3.42, 12.89). Subgroup analyses showed that the ORs were 4.77 (95% CI: 2.69, 8.46) in Western countries, 22.19 (95% CI: 2.46, 200.37) in Asian countries, 9.70 (95% CI: 4.43, 21.20) in the age matched group, 11.41 (95% CI: 3.32, 39.18) in the sex matched group, 9.70 (95% CI: 4.37, 21.53) in the healthy control group, and 6.82 (95% CI: 4.19, 11.10) in the sample size >30. The mean plasma Hcy level from 5 case-control studies was higher than controls, and the weighted mean difference (WMD) was 6.54 (95% CI: 2.79, 10.29). Retinal artery occlusion is associated with elevated plasma Hcy levels. Our study results suggest that hHcy is probably an independent risk factor for RAO.
Effects of waste sources on performance of anaerobic co-digestion of complex organic wastes: taking food waste as an example
Authors: Lu Xingang , Jin Wengang , Xue Shengrong , Wang Xiaojiao
Published: November 2017

Few studies have addressed how to blend wastes for anaerobic co-digestion. This study investigated the effects of waste sources on anaerobic co-digestion (AcoD) performance, by varying the quality of food wastes (FWs) from six sources in Xi’an region, China that were individually co-digested with pre-treated corn straw and cattle manure. These effects were analysed in terms of their volatile solid (VS) ratios, C/N ratios, and the chemical composition of the FWs. The results indicated that the VS ratios were not suitable as a common mixture method because the VS ratios at which the best methane potentials occurred differed significantly among the six FW groups. The C/N ratios within a 17–24 range resulted in better methane potentials when the FWs were co-digested with other wastes. Synergistic effects were found among the carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids of the FWs; however, the optimum ratios of these components could not be determined. Thus, the C/N ratio is recommended as a mixture method when co-digesting FWs with other organic wastes in selected region.
Thickness Dependent Parasitic Channel Formation at AlN/Si Interfaces
Authors: Chandrasekar Hareesh , Bhat K. N. , Rangarajan Muralidharan , Raghavan Srinivasan , Bhat Navakanta
Published: November 2017

The performance of GaN-on-Silicon electronic devices is severely degraded by the presence of a parasitic conduction pathway at the nitride-substrate interface which contributes to switching losses and lower breakdown voltages. The physical nature of such a parasitic channel and its properties are however, not well understood. We report on a pronounced thickness dependence of the parasitic channel formation at AlN/Si interfaces due to increased surface acceptor densities at the interface in silicon. The origin of these surface acceptors is analyzed using secondary ion mass spectroscopy measurements and traced to thermal acceptor formation due to Si-O-N complexes. Low-temperature (5 K) magneto-resistance (MR) data reveals a transition from positive to negative MR with increasing AlN film thickness indicating the presence of an inversion layer of electrons which also contributes to parasitic channel formation but whose contribution is secondary at room temperatures.
Efficient near infrared light emitting electrochemical cell (NIR-LEEC) based on new binuclear ruthenium phenanthroimidazole exhibiting desired charge carrier dynamics
Authors: Nemati Bideh Babak , Shahroosvand Hashem
Published: November 2017

Near-infrared light-emitting electrochemical cell (NIR-LEEC) has emerged as a new and promising lighting sourcewhich could serve as low-cost alternatives in NIR light-emitting sources which are typically expensive. LECs were also shown advantages such as light weight, simplicity and low operation voltages. However, only a few examples of NIR-LEEC are reported in which external quantum efficiency(EQE) of devices limited to 0.1%. Here, we report, efficient NIR-LEEC based of two novel binuclear ruthenium phenanthroimidzole complex which differ by employing the type of ancillary ligand including 2, 2′bipyridine (bpy) (B1) and 4, 4′ dimethyl bpy (B2) that realize maximum EQE of 0.14 and 0.68% and extremely long excited state lifetimes of 220 and 374 ns for thin film were estimated, respectively, indicating that influences of substitution on ancillary ligand. Moreover, this substitution dramatically influences other electroluminescence metrics including decreasing turn on voltage from 4.5 to 3.1 V, increasing maximum luminance (Lmax) from 193to 742 cd.m−2and increasing lifetime from 539 to 1104 second, which are the best value among the binuclear ruthenium polypyridyl complexes to date.
Cryopreservation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells in an Allogeneic Bioscaffold based on Platelet Rich Plasma and Synovial Fluid
Authors: Gurruchaga Haritz , Saenz del Burgo Laura , Garate Ane , Delgado Diego , Sanchez Pello , Orive Gorka , Ciriza Jesús , Sanchez Mikel , Pedraz Jose Luis
Published: November 2017

Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has emerged as an alternative strategy to treat knee osteoarthritis. In this context, MSCs derived from synovial fluid could provide higher chondrogenic and cartilage regeneration, presenting synovial fluid as an appropriate MSCs source. An allogeneic and biomimetic bioscaffold composed of Platelet Rich Plasma and synovial fluid that preserve and mimics the natural environment of MSCs isolated from knee has also been developed. We have optimized the cryopreservation of knee-isolated MSCs embedded within the aforementioned biomimetic scaffold, in order to create a reserve of young autologous embedded knee MSCs for future clinical applications. We have tested several cryoprotectant solutions combining dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), sucrose and human serum and quantifying the viability and functionality of the embedded MSCs after thawing. MSCs embedded in bioscaffolds cryopreserved with DMSO 10% or the combination of DMSO 10% and Sucrose 0,2 M displayed the best cell viabilities maintaining the multilineage differentiation potential of MSCs after thawing. In conclusion, embedded young MSCs within allogeneic biomimetic bioscaffold can be cryopreserved with the cryoprotectant solutions described in this work, allowing their future clinical use in patients with cartilage defects.
The influence of skin colour on the experience of ownership in the rubber hand illusion
Authors: Lira Marilia , Egito Julia H. , Dall’Agnol Patricia A. , Amodio David M. , Gonçalves Óscar F. , Boggio Paulo S.
Published: November 2017

Racial prejudice is associated with a fundamental distinction between “us” and “them”—a distinction linked to the perceived overlap between representations of the self and others. Implicit prejudice has been shown to reduce the intensity of White individuals’ hand ownership sensation as induced by the Rubber Hand Illusion (RHI) with dark rubber hands. However, evidence for this link to implicit prejudice comes from self-report questionnaire data regarding the RHI. As an alternative, we assessed the onset time of the RHI. We hypothesized that onset time of the RHI would be higher for the black compared to the white RH, acting as the mediator between implicit prejudice and magnitude of the RH illusion and proprioceptive drift. As expected, participants took longer to incorporate the black RH and presented lower RH illusion magnitude and a smaller proprioceptive drift for the black RH. Mediation analysis revealed a significant indirect effect of implicit racial bias on proprioceptive drift and magnitude of illusion through onset time to illusion only for the black RH. These findings further illuminate the connection between implicit prejudice and embodied perception, suggesting new perspectives on how implicit biases operate.
Light-promoted metal-free cross dehydrogenative couplings on ethers mediated by NFSI: reactivity and mechanistic studies
Authors: Beniazza Redouane , Abadie Baptiste , Remisse Lionel , Jardel Damien , Lastécouères Dominique , Vincent Jean-Marc
Published: November 2017

Cross dehydrogenative couplings on ethers are performed very effectively in a one-pot process using NFSI as oxidizing agent under low-intensity UVA irradiation in the presence of 2 mol% benzophenone.
Recent developments in transition-metal photoredox-catalysed reactions of carbonyl derivatives
Authors: Lee Katarzyna N. , Ngai Ming-Yu
Published: November 2017

Reactions of carbonyl derivatives induced by photocatalytic single-electron reduction of CO and CN bonds of aldehydes, ketones, and imines.
A universal genotyping–microarray constructed by ligating a universal fluorescence-probe with SNP-encoded flaps cleaved from multiplex invasive reactions
Authors: Chen Zhiyao , Miao Liyan , Liu Yunlong , Dong Tianhui , Ma Xueping , Guan Xiaoxiang , Zhou Guohua , Zou Bingjie
Published: November 2017

The universal chip and fluorescence probe enable genotyping multiple SNPs more labor-saving and cost-saving.
Membrane environment drives cytochrome P450's spin transition and its interaction with cytochromeb5
Authors: Ravula Thirupathi , Barnaba Carlo , Mahajan Mukesh , Anantharamaiah G. M. , Im Sang-Choul , Waskell Lucy , Ramamoorthy Ayyalusamy
Published: November 2017

Cytochrome P450′s membrane interaction alters its spin equilibrium which is accompanied by a stronger affinity for cytochromeb5.
How do the interfacial properties of zwitterionic sulfobetaine micelles differ from those of cationic alkyl quaternary ammonium micelles? An excited state proton transfer study
Authors: Phukon Aparajita , Sahu Kalyanasis
Published: November 2017

The interface of a zwitterionic sulfobetaine micelle is more packed and less hydrated compared to a cationic alkyl-ammonium micelle with an identical alkyl tail.
Adsorption of three-domain antifreeze proteins on ice: a study using LGMMAS theory and Monte Carlo simulations
Authors: Lopez Ortiz Juan Ignacio , Torres Paola , Quiroga Evelina , Narambuena Claudio F. , Ramirez-Pastor Antonio J.
Published: November 2017

Statistical mechanics studies predict how three-domain antifreeze proteins adsorb on an ice surface, with a remarkable agreement with Monte Carlo simulations.
Characterizing the interplay of Pauli repulsion, electrostatics, dispersion and charge transfer in halogen bonding with energy decomposition analysis
Authors: Thirman Jonathan , Engelage Elric , Huber Stefan M. , Head-Gordon Martin
Published: November 2017

Variational energy decomposition analysis establishes charge-transfer as the origin of halogen bond strength differences that go against electrostatics.
What regulates the catalytic activities in AGE catalysis? An answer from quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics simulations
Authors: Zhang Yulai , Zhang Hongxing , Zheng Qingchuan
Published: November 2017

Our results give a novel viewpoint about the regulatory mechanism between two activities in the AGE family.
How and why a [Bu4P][Im]/CO2 system efficiently catalyzes the hydration of propargylic alcohols to α-hydroxy ketones: electrostatically controlled reactivity
Authors: Mu Xueli , Liu Chengbu , Zhang Dongju
Published: November 2017

Density functional theory calculations have been performed to understand the intriguing experimental observations on the hydration of propargylic alcohols to α-hydroxy ketones catalyzed by task-specific ionic liquids (ILs) and CO2.
Syntheses and characterization of phosphonates and diphosphonates of molybdenum, A4[(MoO3)5(O3PR)2]·xH2O, A2[Mo2O5(O3PR)2] and A2[Mo2O5(O3P-R-PO3)] (A = K, Rb, Cs, Tl, NH4)
Authors: Elias Jesu Packiam D. , Vidyasagar Kanamaluru
Published: November 2017

Cs4[(MoO3)5(O3PPh)2]·6H2O and K1.5(H3O)0.5[Mo2O5(O3PPh)2] are molecular and non-molecular phenylphosphonates of molybdenum that contain discrete [(MoO3)5(O3PPh)2]4− and layered [Mo2O5(O3PPh)2]2− anions respectively.
Surprisingly high quantum yield of emission in a fluorescent coordination polymer with paramagnetic Mn(ii) ions
Authors: Zhai Lu , Yang Zhu-Xi , Zhang Wen-Wei , Zuo Jing-Lin , Ren Xiao-Ming
Published: November 2017

A layered CP built from multi-carboxylate ligands and paramagnetic Mn2+ ions exhibits dual emissions with the highest quantum yield of MLCT transition of 12.3% in Mn-based MOFs/CPs.
The critical role of light in moderating microbial stress due to mixtures of engineered nanomaterials
Authors: Wilke Carolyn M. , Gaillard Jean-François , Gray Kimberly A.
Published: November 2017

Light influences chemical interactions of engineered nanomaterials and their toxic effects. Under simulated solar irradiation, we observed that binary mixtures of n-Ag, n-Au, or n-Pt with n-TiO2cause synergistic toxic effects inE. colidue to photochemical interactions governed by metal nanoparticle stability and localized surface plasmon resonance.
A comparative LCA of different graphene production routes
Authors: Cossutta Matteo , McKechnie Jon , Pickering Stephen J.
Published: November 2017

The chemical route with thermal reduction is found to be the least impacting route after a comparative LCA of three main graphene production routes.
Dialkylgallium alkoxides – a tool for facile and stereoselective synthesis of PLA–drug conjugates
Authors: Cybularczyk-Cecotka M. , Zaremba R. , Hurko A. , Plichta A. , Dranka M. , Horeglad P.
Published: November 2017

The synthesis of PLA–drug conjugates with a tunable stereostructure of the PLA fragment is demonstrated by the synthesis of PLA-(β-blocker) with [R2Ga(μ-β-blocker)]2 catalytic centers.
Reaction-based ratiometric fluorescent probe for selective recognition of sulfide anions with a large Stokes shift through switching on ESIPT
Authors: Karmakar Parthasarathi , Manna Srimanta , Ali Syed Samim , Guria Uday Narayan , Sarkar Ripon , Datta Pallab , Mandal Debasish , Mahapatra Ajit Kumar
Published: November 2017

Ratiometric fluorescent probe BNPT has been synthesized and characterized for S2− sensing via ESIPT mechanism.
An efficient synthesis of novel spiroindenopyridazine-4H-pyran derivatives
Authors: Bayat Mohammad , Hosseini Hajar
Published: November 2017

A simple one-pot synthesis of diverse spiroindenopyridazine-4H-pyrans in EtOH without any catalyst.
One dimensional building blocks for molecular separation: laminated graphitic nanoribbons
Authors: Kim Dae Woo , Kim In , Jang Jidon , Nam Yoon Tae , Park Kangho , Kwon Ki Ok , Cho Kyoung Min , Choi Junghoon , Kim Daeok , Kang Kyoung Min , Kim Seon Joon , Jung Yousung , Jung Hee-Tae
Published: November 2017

A new graphitic membrane based on laminated graphene nanoribbons for ultrafast and precise separation.
Photo-enhanced antibacterial activity of ZnO/graphene quantum dot nanocomposites
Authors: Liu Junli , Rojas-Andrade Mauricio D. , Chata Gustavo , Peng Yi , Roseman Graham , Lu Jia-En , Millhauser Glenn L. , Saltikov Chad , Chen Shaowei
Published: November 2017

ZnO/GQD nanocomposites exhibit markedly enhanced antimicrobial activity under UV photoirradiation as compared to that in ambient room light, due to photo-induced generation of reactive oxygen species. The activity of the nanocomposite is also higher than that with the individual components.
α-Trifluoromethylated tertiary homoallylic amines: diastereoselective synthesis and conversion into β-aminoesters, γ- and δ-aminoalcohols, azetidines and pyrrolidines
Authors: Grellepois Fabienne , Ben Jamaa Abdelkhalek , Saraiva Rosa Nathalie
Published: November 2017

The diastereoselective synthesis and the functionalization of homoallylic tertiary carbinamines containing a tetrasubstituted carbon stereocentre bearing a trifluoromethyl group are described.
Acid-catalyzed reaction of 2-hydroxycyclobutanone with benzylic alcohols
Authors: Martis Alberto , Luridiana Alberto , Frongia Angelo , Arca Massimiliano , Sarais Giorgia , Aitken David J. , Guillot Regis , Secci Francesco
Published: November 2017

The acid-promoted syntheses of 2-(benzyloxy)cyclobutanones and bis(benzyloxy)dioxatricyclo decanes were achieved starting from 2-hydroxycyclobutanone and variously functionalized benzyl alcohols.
A biocatalytic cascade for the amination of unfunctionalised cycloalkanes
Authors: Tavanti Michele , Mangas-Sanchez Juan , Montgomery Sarah L. , Thompson Matthew P. , Turner Nicholas J.
Published: November 2017

Here we describe a one-pot, three-enzyme, cascade involving a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase, an alcohol dehydrogenase and a reductive aminase for the synthesis of secondary amines from cycloalkanes.
Advances, challenges and promises of carbon dots
Authors: Gao Jin , Zhu Mengmeng , Huang Hui , Liu Yang , Kang Zhenhui
Published: November 2017

Carbon-dots with unique physical and chemical properties have versatile applications in environmental and energy fields.
Cyclopentadithiophene derivatives: a step towards an understanding of thiophene copolymer excited state deactivation pathways
Authors: Pina João , Eckert Anika , Scherf Ullrich , Galvão Adelino M. , Seixas de Melo J. Sérgio
Published: November 2017

In (cis) cyclopentadithiophene, the large Stokes shift is due to a bond length change whereas with α2 (trans) it involves a change in the dihedral angle.
Effect of xylose on the structural and physicochemical properties of peanut isolated protein based films
Authors: Liu Li , Lin Wei-Jing , Liu Hong-Zhi , Shi Ai-Min , Hu Hui , Nasir Mehmet Nail , Deleu Magali , Wang Qiang
Published: November 2017

PPI films incorporated with xylose were prepared. Addition of xylose increases tensile strength and elongation, and reduces solubility of the film. Films had more homogeneity and denser structure with the addition of xylose 10%.
A first-principles study of titanium oxide clusters formation and evolution in a steel matrix
Authors: Bao Wenqiang , Zhang Wei , Li Huigai , Zheng Shaobo , Zhai Qijie
Published: November 2017

The structures and evolution law of TimOn clusters were explored and clusters prefer a Ti : O ratio of 1 : 1.
Assembly of small molecule surfactants at highly dynamic air–water interfaces
Authors: Mansour Omar T. , Cattoz Beatrice , Beaube Manon , Montagnon Morganne , Heenan Richard K. , Schweins Ralf , Appavou Marie-Sousai , Griffiths Peter C.
Published: November 2017

Small-angle neutron scattering has been used to probe the interfacial structure of foams stabilised by small molecule surfactants at concentrations well below their critical micelle concentration.
GO-induced preparation of flake-shaped Na3V2(PO4)3@rGO as high-rate and long-life cathodes for sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Li Feng , Zhu Yuan-En , Sheng Jian , Yang Leping , Zhang Yue , Zhou Zhen
Published: November 2017

Flake-shaped Na3V2(PO4)3@rGO induced by GO is proposed to improve Na+ and electron transfer of Na3V2(PO4)3 as high-rate and long-life cathodes for sodium-ion batteries.
Site-dependent multicomponent doping strategy for Ni-rich LiNi1−2yCoyMnyO2(y= 1/12) cathode materials for Li-ion batteries
Authors: Liang Chaoping , Kong Fantai , Longo Roberto C. , Zhang Chenxi , Nie Yifan , Zheng Yongping , Cho Kyeongjae
Published: November 2017

Multicomponent doping would be a feasible way to circumvent the degradation of Ni-rich NCM cathodes.
Hepatic accumulation of S-adenosylmethionine in hamsters with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease associated with metabolic syndrome under selenium and vitamin E deficiency
Authors: Maria del Bas Josep , Rodríguez Benjamín , Puiggròs Francesc , Mariné Silvia , Rodríguez Miguel Angel , Moriña David , Armengol Lluís , Caimari Antoni , Arola Lluís
Published: November 2017

Progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the context of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is only partially explored due to the lack of preclinical models. In order to study the alterations in hepatic metabolism that accompany this condition, we developed a model of MetS accompanied by the onset of steatohepatitis (NASH) by challenging golden hamsters with a high-fat diet low in vitamin E and selenium (HFD), since combined deficiency results in hepatic necroinflammation in rodents. Metabolomics and transcriptomics integrated analyses of livers revealed an unexpected accumulation of hepatic S-Adenosylmethionine (SAM) when compared with healthy livers likely due to diminished methylation reactions and repression of GNMT. SAM plays a key role in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and cell cycle control. In agreement, analysis of over-represented transcription factors revealed a central role of c-myc and c-Jun pathways accompanied by negative correlations between SAM concentration, MYC expression and AMPK phosphorylation. These findings point to a drift of cell cycle control toward senescence in livers of HFD animals, which could explain the onset of NASH in this model. In contrast, hamsters with NAFLD induced by a conventional high-fat diet did not show SAM accumulation, suggesting a key role of selenium and vitamin E in SAM homeostasis. In conclusion, our results suggest that progression of NAFLD in the context of MetS can take place even in a situation of hepatic SAM excess and that selenium and vitamin E status might be considered in current therapies against NASH based on SAM supplementation.
Potential impact of genome editing in world agriculture
Authors: Martínez-Fortún Jorge , Phillips Dylan W. , Jones Huw D.
Published: November 2017

Changeable biotic and abiotic stress factors that affect crop growth and productivity, alongside a drive to reduce the unintended consequences of plant protection products, will demand highly adaptive farm management practices as well as access to continually improved seed varieties. The former is limited mainly by cost and, in theory, could be implemented in relatively short time frames. The latter is fundamentally a longer-term activity where genome editing can play a major role. The first targets for genome editing will inevitably be loss-of-function alleles, because these are straightforward to generate. In addition, they are likely to focus on traits under simple genetic control and where the results of modification are already well understood from null alleles in existing gene pools or other knockout or silencing approaches such as induced mutations or RNA interference. In the longer term, genome editing will underpin more fundamental changes in agricultural performance and food quality, and ultimately will merge with the tools and philosophies of synthetic biology to underpin and enable new cellular systems, processes and organisms completely. The genetic changes required for simple allele edits or knockout phenotypes are synonymous with those found naturally in conventional breeding material and should be regulated as such. The more radical possibilities in the longer term will need societal engagement along with appropriate safety and ethical oversight.
Use of CRISPR systems in plant genome editing: toward new opportunities in agriculture
Authors: Ricroch Agnès , Clairand Pauline , Harwood Wendy
Published: November 2017

Initially discovered in bacteria and archaea, CRISPR–Cas9 is an adaptive immune system found in prokaryotes. In 2012, scientists found a way to use it as a genome editing tool. In 2013, its application in plants was successfully achieved. This breakthrough has opened up many new opportunities for researchers, including the opportunity to gain a better understanding of plant biological systems more quickly. The present study reviews agricultural applications related to the use of CRISPR systems in plants from 52 peer-reviewed articles published since 2014. Based on this literature review, the main use of CRISPR systems is to achieve improved yield performance, biofortification, biotic and abiotic stress tolerance, with rice (Oryza sativa) being the most studied crop.
Lower‐frequency feedback dual‐band PA with very high efficiency
Authors: Qi Tian , He Songbai
Published: November 2017

A novel approach to achieve high‐efficiency dual‐band power amplifier (PA) is presented. Owing to the contradictions among the control of harmonics, most reported dual‐band or multi‐band PAs are intentionally avoiding the case when the higher‐frequency band overlaps the second harmonics of the lower‐frequency band, especially when . By introducing lower‐frequency feedback technique a method is proposed, make a compromise between high‐efficiency and power gain fluctuant, high‐efficiency dual‐band PA at the above condition can be achieved. To verify, a dual‐band PA operating at 1.7 and 3.4 GHz is fabricated and measured. The peak output powers of the dual‐band are 40.1 and 40.7 dBm with small signal gains 25 and 17 dB, and the drain efficiency at the peak output power reached 80.2 and 78.5%, respectively.