bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New food plants for insects Vilbasteana oculata (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) and Otiorhynchus smreczynskii (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in the Baltic region
Authors: Stalažs Arturs
Published: April 2024

Vilbasteana oculata (hemipteran) and Otiorhynchus smreczynskii (beetle) are alien species in countries around the Baltic Sea, and they are continuing to spread. Sometimes when entering new areas where other plant species are found, herbivores tend to add to their range of food plants. Knowledge of the feeding trends of particular insect species can be useful in predicting possible changes in insect-plant trophic relationships in other regions where they expanding in range. This study looks at the feeding trends of two insect species – V. oculata and O. smreczynskii. The study was carried out mainly in Latvia, as well as in other expeditions in Estonia, Lithuania, Poland and Sweden. In this study, four Fraxinus and four Ligustrum species were confirmed as the new food plants for V. oculata. The main food plants for adults of O. smreczynskii probably originally belonged to the genera Ligustrum and Syringa. In this study, a number of alternative food plants have been recorded for the first time, generally woody and some herbaceous plants. Most of the newly registered food plants for O. smreczynskii belong to the families Oleaceae and Rosaceae. Other food plants belong to the families Adoxaceae, Celastraceae, Elaeagnaceae, Ericaceae, Grossulariaceae, and Rhamnaceae. V. oculata was confirmed in Poland (2017) and Sweden (2019) for the first time.
Comparison of two subspecies of a halophytic multi-use plant Mertensia maritima in vitro and ex vitro: propagation, salinity tolerance and mineral nutrition
Authors: Purmale Līva , Osvalde Anita , Karlsons Andis , Ievinsh Gederts
Published: April 2024

The aim of the present study was to compare morphological and physiological responses to increasing salinity of the two subspecies of Mertensia maritima during in vitro propagation in two different systems, and subsequent ex vitro cultivation. Plants were brought into culture using seeds and further propagated on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with thidiazuron and naphthaleneacetic acid either on agar-solidified or liquid medium with a temporary immersion system (Plantform bioreactors). Salinity tolerance were tested both in tissue culture and with ex vitro greenhouse-cultivated plants. Low concentration of NaCl increased explant biomass in agar-solidified medium, with no negative consequences even at high concentration. However, the effect of salinity on liquid medium was genotype-specific. Explants in Plantform bioreactors showed several-fold higher biomass in comparison to that on agar-solidified medium, but the multiplication potential was not significantly affected. Ex vitro plants were negatively influenced by increasing NaCl concentration in substrate. In contrast to in vitro plants, accumulation potential of Na⁺ in ex vitro plants was low. One of adaptations to salinity at the whole plant level was maintenance of adequate tissue mineral nutrient homeostasis, as mineral nutrient concentrations were not negatively affected by increasing salinity.
Perspectives of Mediation as a Consensual Dispute Resolution Tool under the Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction
Authors: Klementiev A. P. , Ilkevich A. A.
Published: April 2024

The article is devoted to mediation as consensual method of dispute resolution within the framework of the 1980 Hague Child Abduction Convention. The authors justify the advantages of mediation with a view to secure the best interests of a child. In particular, mediation may facilitate more expedited return of a child when compared to court procedures as well as exert a positive impact on its emotional status. Although mediation itself is not mentioned in the convention, Hague Conference on Private International Law managed to fill the said gap by the publication of the mediation guide applicable to cross-border transfer and retention of children. Apart from the analysis of the guide, authors provide examples of court rulings involving international disputes and illustrating the attempts to introduce mediation into international child abduction cases at the initiative of the court or central authority as well the parents of the removed or retained child. Unfortunately, such attempts prove to be unsuccessful in the overwhelming majority of cases, therefore the work aimed at implementation of mediation into such disputes should be intensified.
Legal Regulation of Inheritance of Non-Fungible Tokens
Authors: Leskina E. I.
Published: April 2024

The development of digital technologies permeates almost all areas of public relations. At the same time, certain areas remain more conservative, and legal regulation also lags behind the pace of general digitalization. This situation is especially clearly visible in the field of inheritance of digital assets. The subject of this article is to explore the opportunities and risks associated with inheriting NFTs. The purpose of the article is to determine algorithms for inheriting NFTs in the context of insufficient legal regulation of this procedure in the Russian Federation. The work uses methods of both empirical (analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, systematization) and theoretical (methods of constructing and studying the object of study and methods of constructing and justifying theoretical knowledge) levels. When transferring a token, a unique record is transferred, and the previous owner of the NFT loses the token after it is transferred. This makes NFTs similar to material objects and necessitates separate legal regulation of the rights associated with NFTs. An NFT is inherited, not a digital object such as art. The main problem with inheriting NFTs is that these objects are intangible. They cannot be physically materialized, stored, for example, in a safe deposit box, or transferred physically. Therefore, if the owners do not have specific heirs, it will even be difficult to include NFT in the inheritance or find out about the token. Inheriting an NFT requires that the will name the NFT and include an explanation of where the NFT is held. The testator’s password must also be available. There may be problems associated with the compulsory share in the inheritance, related both to access and to the assessment and dynamically changing value of the NFT. Also, the valuation of the NFT will influence the amount of the state fee for issuing a certificate of inheritance. The practical implementation of NFT inheritance is facilitated by the development of appropriate digital technologies that optimize procedural aspects.
Issues of Public Administration in the Age of Digitalization
Authors: Mazaev O. A.
Published: April 2024

The subject of the study is the possibility of citizens’ participation in public administration through the use of modern information technologies (hereinafter — IT). The article analyzes in detail the issues of public attitudes towards the use of IT. It is shown how in the conditions of increasing influence of actively developing IT, which plays a central role in the formation of modern economy and has a significant impact on various aspects of economic growth, productivity and innovation, despite the lack of a universally recognized definition of the category “public administration”, the readiness of people to use IT to participate in public administration is clearly seen, while at the same time the legislators perceive it as some private novelties, but not as a system-forming force, capable of using IT in public administration. The methodological basis of the work was the general scientific methods of system analysis and generalization of normative, scientific and practical materials and others. The scientific novelty of the article is determined by the fact that it is a comprehensive study of the possibility of citizens to use information technologies and systems in public administration. The most significant results include the formulated proposals to improve the current legislation, as well as the existing law enforcement practice.
The Impact of Digitalization on the Constitutional Rights of Citizens
Authors: Vashurina S. S.
Published: April 2024

The digitalization of public relations and state administration is the main trend of today. The introduction of digital technologies accompanies each of us in most areas of public life and affects personal, economic, political and cultural rights. The use of technology is intended to make it easier to exercise the rights for citizens; however, this trend creates conditions in which these rights can be violated. Within the framework of this study, the author considers the evolution of the concept of human and civil rights under the influence of the technological process and changes in tools that allow one to exercise one’s rights. The current legislation of the Russian Federation is primarily focused on the protection of personal data and personal security on the Internet, and by introducing special norms into basic laws, it creates conditions for the implementation of the rights such as active suffrage, the right to education, the right to access to justice and other rights. This approach is characterized by fragmentation, although digitalization forces the legislator and other regulators in this area to create a system of legal regulation.
Semiotics: An Approach to Model Security Scenarios for IoT-Based Agriculture Software
Authors: Hurtado Julio Ariel , Antonelli Leandro , López Santiago , Gómez Adriana , Delle Ville Juliana , Maltempo Giuliana , Zambrano Frey Giovanny , Solis Andrés , Camacho Marta Cecilia , Solinas Miguel , Kaplan Gladys , Muñoz Freddy
Published: April 2024

Agriculture is a vital human activity that contributes to sustainable development. A few decades ago, the agricultural sector adopted the Internet of Things (IoT), which has played a relevant role in precision and smart farming. The IoT developments in agriculture require that numerous connected devices work cooperatively. This increases the vulnerability of IoT devices, mainly because they lack the necessary built-in security because of their context and computational capacity. Other security threats to these devices are related to data storage and processing connected to edge or cloud servers. To ensure that IoT-based solutions meet functional and non-functional requirements, particularly those concerning security, software companies should adopt a security-focused approach to their software requirements specification. This paper proposes a method for specifying security scenarios, integrating requirements and architecture viewpoints into the context of IoT for agricultural solutions. The method comprises four steps: (i) describe scenarios for the intended software, (ii) describe scenarios with incorrect uses of the system, (iii) translate these scenarios into security scenarios using a set of rules, and (iv) improve the security scenarios. This paper also describes a prototype application that employs the proposed algorithm to strengthen the incorrect use scenario based on the correct use scenario. Then, the expert can complete the information for the analysis and subsequent derivation of the security scenario. In addition, this paper describes a preliminary validation of our approach. The results show that the proposed approach enables software engineers to define and analyze security scenarios in the IoT and agricultural contexts with good results. A survey administered to five security experts found that the proposed security scenario method is generally useful for specifying agricultural IoT solutions but needs improvement in different areas.
ENHANCING SPIRITUAL WELL-BEING AMONG CANCER PATIENTS THROUGH RELATIONSHIPS WITH ONESELF, OTHERS, AND GOD
Authors: Mohamad Mohd Afifuddin , Othman Nooraini
Published: April 2024

The objective of this review was to assess the body of research in spiritually-based studies to demonstrate that connections between cancer patients and themselves, other people, and God lead to greater cancer recovery or survival rates. This review specifically looked at the prevalence and methods used to evaluate the significance of these relationships for cancer patients in enhancing their spiritual well-being. Eleven studies were ultimately included in this analysis after a thorough search of available English language literature. Findings showed that patients' ability to learn to live with cancer is significantly impacted by the common spiritual focus on connection with oneself, others, and God. Additionally, the benefits that cancer patients experienced were highlighted by the studies. The results also highlighted the benefits attained by cancer patients as a result of the actions taken in each type of connection for improved disease-coping skills.
A NETWORK PHARMACOLOGY APPROACH TO EXPLORE CLINACANTHUS NUTANS ON COLORECTAL CANCER
Authors: Abdulla Ahmed , Lim Vuanghao
Published: April 2024

Network pharmacology is a discipline that investigates traditional herbal medications using bioinformatic tools like chemical, protein, gene, and disease databases, and cytoscape, by visualizing the complex network of interactions between the chemical constituents in the medications and their targets. Clinacanthus nutans (CN) is a traditionally used medicinal herb that has been suggested for its role in cancer treatment. The current study investigated the network pharmacology of CN bioactives as a prospect for the treatment of colorectal cancer. A series of database mining steps were performed to create lists of bioactives, their targets, and target-related diseases. The network was constructed using cytoscape. In this study, 8 bioactives, i.e. β-amyrin, betulin, isovitexin, linolenyl alcohol, lupeol, orientin, palmitic acid, vitexin) were identified which interacted with 46 different targets. β-amyrin was identified as the most potent bioactive with 29 targets.
GONIOTHALAMIN INHIBITS CELL GROWTH, PERTURBS CELL CYCLE AND INDUCES APOPTOSIS IN HUMAN OSTEOSARCOMA SAOS-2 CELLS
Authors: Abu Bakar Siti Aishah , Azhar Nur Asna , Mohamad Noor Muzamil , Sophia Nordin Ira Maya , Manaf Ali Abdul , Mohd Noor Siti Noor Fazliah , Sahul Hamid Shahrul Bariyah , Ahmad Nor Hazwani
Published: April 2024

Goniothalamin (GTN), a naturally occurring styryl-lactone extracted from Goniothalamus sp. has been reported to possess a potent antitumor effect against several types of cancer cells. Nevertheless, the anticancer effect of GTN has not been explored in bone cancer. The present study was designed to evaluate GTN potential anticancer effects in human osteosarcoma Saos-2 cells and to determine the possible mechanisms with respect to apoptosis induction, reactive oxygen species (ROS) release, activation of executioner caspase 3/7 and effects on the cell cycle. The current data demonstrated that cell proliferation was significantly inhibited by GTN in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. This was achieved primarily via apoptosis where the flow cytometric analysis showed a significant increment of apoptotic cells, from 7.23±0.75 to 39.86±0.54 and 1.38±0.15% to 3.27±0.27% for early and late apoptotic cells, respectively. Moreover, GTN induced a significant increase in intracellular ROS levels and activated caspase 3/7. Cell cycle analysis of GTN-treated cells showed the population of G2/M phase was significantly arrested with 53.12±0.84% compared to the untreated cells with 28.64±0.73%. Taken together, these results suggest that the suppression of GTN-treated Saos-2 cells was associated with apoptosis and G2/M cell cycle arrest. Due to its antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects, GTN has a potential to be used as a chemotherapeutic agent against bone cancer.
Enhancing metabarcoding efficiency and ecological insights through integrated taxonomy and DNA reference barcoding: a case study on beach meiofauna
Authors: Macher Jan-Niklas , Martínez Alejandro , Çakir Sude , Cholley Pierre-Etienne , Christoforou Eleni , Curini-Galletti Marco , Galen Lotte van , Garcia-Cobo Marta , Jondelius Ulf , Jong Daphne de , Leasi Francesca , Lemke Michael , Lopez Iñigo Rubio , Sánchez Nuria , Sørensen Martin Vinther , Todaro Antonio , Renema Willem , Fontaneto Diego
Published: April 2024

Molecular techniques like metabarcoding, while promising for exploring
diversity of communities, are often impeded by the lack of reference DNA
sequences available for taxonomic annotation. Our study explores the
benefits of combining targeted DNA barcoding and morphological taxonomy
to improve metabarcoding efficiency, using beach meiofauna as a case
study. Beaches are globally important ecosystems and are inhabited by
meiofauna, microscopic animals living in the interstitial space between
the sand grains, which play a key role in coastal biodiversity and
ecosystem dynamics. However, research on meiofauna faces challenges due
to limited taxonomic expertise and sparse sampling. We generated 775 new
cytochrome c oxidase I DNA barcodes from meiofauna specimens collected
along the Netherlands’ west coast and combined them with the NCBI
GenBank database. We analysed alpha and beta diversity in 561
metabarcoding samples from 24 North Sea beaches, a region extensively
studied for meiofauna, using both the enriched reference database and
the NCBI database without the additional reference barcodes. Our results
show a 2.5-fold increase in sequence annotation and a doubling of
species-level Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) identification when
annotating the metabarcoding data with the enhanced database.
Additionally, our analyses revealed a bell-shaped curve of OTU richness
across the intertidal zone, aligning more closely with morphological
analysis patterns, and more defined community dissimilarity patterns
between supralittoral and intertidal sites. Our research highlights the
importance of expanding molecular reference databases and combining
morphological taxonomy with molecular techniques for biodiversity
assessments, ultimately improving our understanding of coastal
ecosystems.
Calibration of three-hole pressure probe with varying head chamfer angle for varying angle of attack
Authors: Gahlot N. K. , Bharti Manish Kumar , Chalia Sonia
Published: April 2024

The present study focuses on the calibration of a three-tube pressure
probe with an inner diameter of 1.2 mm and different chamfer angles. The
heads of the two lateral tube of the probe were chamfered at an angle
ranging from 25° to 45° with an increment of 5°. These chamfered probes
were placed in a suction type subsonic wind tunnel with a flow speed of
20 m/s. The tests were conducted for multiple yaw angles ranging from
+45° to -45°. Using the data obtained from the wind tunnel testing,
dimensional-less function of pressure from different tubes were created.
The prepared functions can be used for the required combination of
varying chamfer angles and varying yaw angles simultaneously.
Impulsive q-Sturm-Liouville problems
Authors: Allahverdiev Bilender , Isayev Hamlet , Tuna Hüseyin
Published: April 2024

In this study, impulsive q-Sturm-Liouville problems are considered. First,
symmetry is obtained with the help of boundary conditions. Then, the
existence and uniqueness problem for such equations is discussed. Finally,
eigenfunction expansion was obtained with the help of characteristic
determinant and Green?s function.
Sharp Wilker, Huygens, Adamovic-Mitrinovic, Cusa and Shafer-Fink type inequalities involving the sine integral
Authors: Sun Jun-Ling , Chen Chao-Ping
Published: April 2024

The aim of the present paper is to present sharp Wilker, Huygens, Adamovic-
Mitrinovic, Cusa and Shafer-Fink type inequalities involving the sine
integral.
The Guan-Kyerepon in the Suzerainty of the Asante, 1635-1750
Authors: JA Nyarko
Published: April 2024

The Guan migrated from the old Wagadu Empire at the time of the Mandinka invasions and arrived in present-day Ghana in the 11th century, making settlements in the northern parts and along the confluence of the Volta Lake. The exodus of the Guans pursued three separate directions. The first group, which included the Kyerepon, settled in the northern part and along the confluence of the River Volta. The Guan and Kyerepon kins occupied the territories of Ghana until the first half of the 15th century when the Akan migrants of Bono waged war against them and established themselves. Between the 15th and 18th centuries, the immigrant nation-states consolidated the Guan chiefdoms and kingdoms through consanguinity, conquest, or alliances. These events resulted in the kingdoms of the Bono-Manso, Abron (Gyaman), Fanteland, Dankyira, Akwamu, Ga, Asante, and Akuapem. The research paper demonstrates the origins of the Guan-Kyerepon and their contributions to the Asante nation (1635-1750) through a historical study of primary and secondary materials comprising interviews, archival documents, books, and scholarly articles. The Asante migration exodus began in the 17th century from Asamankese, a town established by Guans and Aduana Akwamu, to Esiakwa, Esumenya, and Kwaaman. The founder of the organised state of Asante was the gift of a Guan god, Tutu (in Berekuso), and it was through the help of a Kyerepon priest, Ɔkɔmfo Anokye, that Kwaaman became an organised and exceptional nation and subsequently an empire. After 1701, when the Domaa, Dankyira, and Guan states (Kwabre, Sekyere, and Tafo) were annexed, Asanteman became an established state, with the institution of the Golden Stool, a symbol of national soul and consciousness. Through the prudent counsel of the Kyerepon priest, Asante became independent from its overlord, Dankyira, and covered more than 400km of territorial block by 1750. The celebration of Adae, Odwira, and all laws governing the Asante nation-state are attributed to the Guan-Kyerepon, who became annexed and naturalised as Asante.
Appraisal on the Factors Affecting Declining Standard of Primary Education Among the Communities of Adamawa State, Nigeria
Authors: Jada Hamidu Mohammed , Giginyu Ali Abdu , Mutah Muhammad Ali
Published: April 2024

The study assesses the Factors Affecting Declining Standard of Primary Education among the Community of Adamawa State, Nigeria. Education plays an important role in the development of a nation, thus, a nation cannot do without quality education. Primary education is the core of development and progress especially in modern societies. However, the quality of education that helps in ensuring the realization of the aspirations parents hold for their children has fallen below expectation. Therefore, the research investigated the major factors that contributed to the standard of primary education in Adamawa state, Nigeria; this study used Simple Random Sampling in order to ensure that the larger population is well represented. The study involved 1,966 primary schools of Adamawa state and a total of 335 respondents which comprised of 143 school-heads and 192 teachers. Data analysis was conducted using a descriptive analysis technique from the comparison of average questionnaire results based on the variables tested. In general the study indicated that there is positive relationship between school personnel and community in Adamawa state, Nigeria with 3.85 mean score. Finally, the study suggested some of the ways of improving the quality and standard of primary education in Adamawa state, Nigeria.
EFISIENSI PUPUK NITROGEN DAN PERTUMBUHAN SORGUM PADA TANAH ULTISOL DENGAN PEMANFAATAN KOMPOS BAGLOG JAMUR
Authors: Fauzi Ahmad , Cahyani Wilis , Widiyawati Ida , Hadi Sapto Nugroho
Published: April 2024

Tanaman sorgum sebagai alternatif tanaman pangan cukup potensial dibudidayakan di lahan kering yang masih tersedia sangat luas di Indonesia. Permasalahan pada lahan kering seperti ultisol adalah kemasaman dan rendahnya ketersediaan hara. Pemupukan kimia khususnya nitrogen pada tanah ultisol dinilai memiliki efisiensi rendah. Sehingga diperlukan peningkatan efisiensi pemupukan nitrogen untuk meningkatkan produktivitas tanaman sorgum di tanah ultisol. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan efisiensi pemupukan nitrogen melalui penambahan kompos limbah baglog jamur tiram pada budidaya sorgum di tanah ultisol. Penelitian dilakukan pada Maret sampai Oktober 2020 di area Kebun Benih Bojong Sari, Balai Benih Dinas Pertanian Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Rancangan Acak Kelompok digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan mengujikan dosis urea (0%, 25%, 50%, 75% dan 100%) pada tiga dosis kompos limbah baglog (5, 10 dan 15 ton/ha). Sebanyak 3 kali ulangan dilakukan pada 12 kombinasi perlakuan, sehingga didapatkan 36 unit percobaan. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan pemupukan urea mampu meningkatan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman sorgum di tanah ultisol. Pemberian kompos baglog mampu meningkatkan efisiensi pemupukan nitrogen. Efisiensi terbaik diperoleh pada dosis 25% (87 kg/ha) dengan kombinasi kompos baglog 15 ton/ha, yaitu sebesar 46,80%.
EFISIENSI PENGGUNAAN RADIASI MATAHARI DAN PARTISI BAHAN KERING BIBIT KELAPA SAWIT PADA BERBAGAI DOSIS PUPUK NITROGEN DAN FOSFOR
Authors: Manurung Adinda Nurul Huda , Suwarto Suwarto , Yahya Sudirman , Nugroho Budi
Published: April 2024

Peningkatan produktivitas kelapa sawit dapat dilakukan dengan mengoptimalkan penggunaan cahaya matahari dan partisi bahan kering. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari pengaruh berbagai dosis pemupukan N dan P terhadap efisiensi penggunaan cahaya matahari dan partisi karbohidrat bibit kelapa sawit di pembibitan utama. Penelitian dilakukan di kebun percobaan leuwikopo IPB, Bogor pada bulan April 2021 sampai dengan Januari 2022. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok non faktorial dengan lima ulangan yang terdiri atas 2 percobaan terpisah. Percobaan I terdiri atas lima taraf perlakuan pemupukan N (0%, 50%, 100%, 150%, dan 200%). Percobaan II terdiri atas lima taraf perlakuan pemupukan P (0%, 50%, 100%, 150%, dan 200%). Pemberian pupuk N dan P menyebabkan perbedaan pada nilai LUE dan partisi bibit kelapa sawit. Nilai LUE bibit kelapa sawit umur 3-6, 6-9 dan 9-12 bulan adalah 0,97 g MJ-1, 0,69 g MJ-1 dan 1,21 g MJ-1. Partisi bahan kering akar, petiole dan daun pada umur 6 bulan adalah 26%, 29%, 45%. Partisi bahan kering akar, petiole dan daun pada umur 9 bulan adalah 26%, 32%, 42%. Partisi bahan kering akar, petiole dan daun pada umur 12 bulan adalah 30%, 33%, 37%.
STUDI PEMBERIAN DOSIS PUPUK NPK DAN PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN TOMAT (Solanum lycopersicum)
Authors: Daroini Farikatu , Widiwurjani Widiwurjani , Hidayat Ramdan
Published: April 2024

Tomat merupakan komoditi hortikultura yang memiliki kandungan gizi tinggi sehingga banyak dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat. Manfaat dan kandungan gizi yang dimiliki buah tomat yang tinggi menyebabkan permintaan pasar terhadap tomat setiap tahunnya mengalami peningkatan. Peningkatan hasil produksi tanaman tomat dapat diupayakan melalui pemupukan yang tepat. Pelaksanaan penelitian bertempat di Desa Bulurejo, Diwek, Jombang pada bulan Februari-Juni 2023. Rancangan percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan dua faktor. Faktor pertama yaitu pupuk NPK (16 gram/tanaman, 24 gram/tanaman, 32 gram/tanaman, dan 40 gram/tanaman). Faktor kedua yaitu POC DI Grow (tanpa POC DI Grow, 4 ml/tanaman, 8 ml/tanaman dan 12 ml/tanaman). Hasil penelitian dan analisis data mengungkapkan bahwa kombinasi dosis pupuk NPK 32 gram/tanaman dan POC DI Grow 12 ml/tanaman menghasilkan jumlah daun umur 28 hst terbanyak dan umur berbunga tercepat. Pemberian dosis pupuk NPK 32 gram/tanaman cenderung menghasilkan rata-rata terbaik pada parameter pengamatan vegetatif tanaman, sedangkan dosis 40 gram/tanaman cenderung memberikan hasil rata-rata terbaik pada parameter pengamatan generatif tanaman. Pada pemberian dosis POC DI Grow 12 ml/tanaman memberikan hasil rata-rata terbaik pada seluruh parameter yang diamati. sedangkan dosis 40 gram/tanaman cenderung memberikan hasil rata-rata terbaik pada parameter observasi generatif tanaman. Pada pemberian dosis POC DI Grow 12 ml/tanaman memberikan hasil rata-rata terbaik pada seluruh parameter yang diamati. sedangkan dosis 40 gram/tanaman cenderung memberikan hasil rata-rata terbaik pada parameter observasi generatif tanaman. Pada pemberian dosis POC DI Grow 12 ml/tanaman memberikan hasil rata-rata terbaik pada seluruh parameter yang diamati.
UJI KETAHANAN EMPAT VARIETAS PADI TERHADAP Sarocladium oryzae PENYEBAB PENYAKIT BUSUK PELEPAH
Authors: Maryono Tri , Ramadhan Muhammad Habib , Ivayani Ivayani , Purnomo Purnomo , Ginting Cipta
Published: April 2024

Penyakit busuk pelepah merupakan salah satu penyakit penting pada tanaman padi. Penyakit ini dapat menyebabkan kehilangan hasil sampai 85%. Penyakit busuk pelepah disebabkan oleh jamur Sarocladium oryzae. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji ketahanan beberapa varietas padi terhadap jamur S. oryzae penyebab penyakit busuk pelepah. Penelitian dilakukan dari Agustus 2021 sampai Maret 2022 di rumah kaca Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Lampung. Empat varietas yang diuji yaitu Ciherang, Inpari 32, IR 64, dan Inpari Nutri-Zinc. Peubah yang diamati yaitu keterjadian dan keparahan penyakit. Pengamatan dilakukan selama 56 hari (8 minggu). Percobaan dilakukan dalam rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 (empat) perlakuan dan 6 (enam) ulangan, dan masing-masing unit percobaan terdiri dari 8 batang dalam 1 rumpun padi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gejala penyakit hasil inokulasi buatan sama dengan gejala penyakit yang ditemukan di lapang, yaitu berupa bercak coklat hingga kehitaman pada pelepah daun bendera. Masa inkubasi penyakit busuk pelepah berkisar 6,7-7,2 hari setelah inokulasi dengan masa inkubasi terpanjang terjadi pada varietas IR 64. Keterjadian dan keparahan penyakit pada semua varietas tidak berbeda nyata pada 8 minggu setelah inokulasi. Hasil penghitungan nilai laju infeksi dan penghitungan AUDPC (Area Under Disease Progress Curve) pada semua varietas menunjukkan tidak berbeda nyata. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa varietas Ciherang, Inpari 32, IR 64, dan Inpari Nutri-Zinc memiliki tingkat ketahanan yang sama terhadap infeksi jamur S. oryzae.
PEMANFAATAN KOMPOS DALAM PENINGKATAN BAHAN ORGANIK TANAH PADA PERKEBUNAN NANAS PT. GREAT GIANT FOOD
Authors: Maula Shofihatul , Siswanto Siswanto , Aditya Haidar Fari , Yusnaini Sri , Ramadhani Winih Sekaringtyas
Published: April 2024

Penurunan produksi komoditas nanas karena pemakaian pupuk kimia secara intensif. Pupuk kimia awalnya dapat meningkatkan produktivitas, namun diberikan secara intensif akan mengakibatkan kerusakan. Upaya memperbaiki kesuburan tanah dilakukan aplikasi kompos sebagai tambahan bahan organik. Tujuan penelitian yaitu mempelajari dan mengetahui hasil aplikasi kandungan bahan organik tanah dari kompos yang diaplikasikan 50 ton/ha pada umur 3 Bulan Setelah Tanam (BST), 5 Bulan Setelah Tanam (BST), dan 9 Bulan Setelah Tanam (BST). Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan November 2022 - Februari 2023, berlokasi pada lahan nanas monokultur PT. Great Giant Food, Lampung Tengah. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode survey dengan menentukan titik sebanyak 5 titik secara diagonal pada 13 lokasi dan diulang 2 kali sehingga diperoleh 26 sampel. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan mengambil tanah pada kedalaman 0 – 20 cm serta mengkompositkan 5 titik bertujuan untuk mengamati bahan organik tanah dan KTK tanah.  Metode pengukuran karbon organik tanah dengan metode walkey and black dan KTK tanah spektrofotometri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi kompos 50 ton/ha mengalami peningkatan kandungan bahan organik tanah. Kandungan bahan organik tanah pada 3 BST 3,56%, pada 5 BST 3,61%, dan 9 BST 4,42%. Bahan organik tanah pada 3 BST ke 5 BST mengalami peningkatan 1.40%, dan pada 5 BST ke 9 BST mengalami peningkatan 22.43%. KTK tanah pada 3 BST 10,41 cmol/kg, pada 5 BST 13,16 cmol/kg, dan 9 BST 13,30 cmol/kg. KTK tanah pada 3 BST ke 5 BST terjadi peningkatan 26,41%, dan pada 5 BST ke 9 BST terjadi  peningkatan 1,06%.
KERAGAMAN GENETIK DAN HERITABILITAS KARAKTER TINGGI TANAMAN DAN JUMLAH DAUN BEBERAPA GENOTIPE SORGUM (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)
Authors: Munthe Ribka , Ardian Ardian , Setiawan Kukuh , Sa'diyah Nyimas
Published: April 2024

Sorgum merupakan salah satu tanaman serealia yang hampir seluruh bagiannya dapat dimanfaatkan.  Batang dan daun sorgum dapat digunakan menjadi bioetanol dan pakan ternak.  Tinggi tanaman sorgum beragam dan keragaman genetik merupakan modal penting dalam program pemuliaan tanaman.  Tanaman sorgum yang tinggi diharapkan mampu menghasilkan bobot batang yang tinggi sehingga lebih banyak menghasilkan volume nira sebagai bahan baku bioetanol.  Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui keragaman genetik dan nilai heritabilitas pada karakter vegetatif beberapa genotipe sorgum. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Lab. Lapang Terpadu, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Lampung, pada bulan Februari sampai dengan Mei 2019.  Perlakuan disusun dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap Berblok (RCBD) dengan 4 perlakuan yang diulang sebanyak 6 kali dan setiap ulangan terdiri dari 12 tanaman.  Analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis ragam (α 5%), adapun proses analisisdilakukan menggunakan software SAS 9.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keragaman genetik pada sifat tinggi tanaman tergolong luas, sementara itu tergolong sempit pada sifat jumlah daun. Hasil taksiran nilai heritabilitas menunjukkan bahwa sifat tinggi tanaman termasuk dalam kategori tinggi (>0,5), sementara itu taksiran nilai heritabilitas sifat jumlah daun tergolong rendah sampai moderat (>0,2; 0,2 ≤ 0,5).
PENGARUH JENIS MEDIA PEMBAWA DAN Trichoderma sp. TERHADAP PENYAKIT BULAI DAN PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN JAGUNG
Authors: Prasetyo Joko , Efri Efri , Pratama Virginiawan Tirta Angga
Published: April 2024

Jagung (Zea mays L.) adalah makanan pokok kedua setelah padi di beberapa daerah di Indonesia. Salah satu kendala peningkatan produksi jagung yaitu tanaman jagung tersebut banyak mengalami serangan patogen. Peronosclerospora sp. yang menyebabkan penyakit bulai atau downy mildew. Salah satu alternatif dalam menekan serangan bulai yaitu menggunakan biofungisida yang mengandung Trichoderma sp.. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi media pembawa, dosis Trichoderma sp. dan interaksi keduanya dalam mengendalikan penyakit bulai dan pertumbuhan tanaman jagung. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam percobaan penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang disusun faktorial dengan 3 ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah dosis Trichoderma sp. yaitu 20 g Trichoderma sp (T1), 30 g Trichoderma sp. (T2), 40 g Trichoderma sp. (T3). Faktor kedua adalah jenis media pembawa yaitu Tepung beras (F1), Tepung ketan (F2), dan Tepung jagung (F3). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa media pembawa mampu menekan keparahan penyakit bulai, meningkatkan tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun tanaman jagung. Dosis Trichoderma sp. mampu meningkatkan tinggi dan jumlah daun tanaman jagung, namun tidak mampu menekan penyakit bulai. Perlakuan dosis Trichoderma sp. dan media pembawa tepung beras mampu meningkatkan tinggi, jumlah daun dan bobot kering berangkasan tanaman jagung, namun tidak mampu menekan penyakit bulai.
Optimization of Red Ginger (Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum) Extraction Using Microwave Assisted Hydrodistillation Method
Authors: Nurjanah Sarifah , Rosalinda Sari , Andina Dwita Putri
Published: April 2024

Red ginger is a spice plant that has high economic and social value. One of the uses of red ginger is to process it into a product, namely essential oil. This study aims to determine the optimization of the extraction process conditions on solvent volume, time, and extraction power that can produce optimum yield and residual content of red ginger essential oil solvent. The extraction was carried out with the help of microwaves. The research method is experimental design and optimization process with Response Surface Methodology (RSM) type Box-Behnken Design (BBD). The results showed that the optimum yield was at 700 mL solvent volume, 1 min extraction time, and 10% power (69.9 watts) with the equation Y = 0.2076 + 0.0262A – 0.0300B – 0.0013C and the concentration conditions the optimum remaining solvent with the equation Y = 4.98 – 1.0000A + 4.56B + 5.44C. The optimal yield of red ginger essential oil was 0.205%, with a residual solvent content of 3.8%, specific gravity 0.885, acid number 1.399, refractive index 1.485. The results of the optimum residual solvent content of -6.023%. Based on the results obtained, the yield value with the help of microwaves is higher than that without the help of microwaves. Keywords: Essential oil, Microwave, Residual solvent content, Response surface methodology (RSM), Yield.
ENSINO DE CUSTOS E METODOLOGIA ATIVA: reflexos na aprendizagem dos estudantes de Ciências Contábeis
Authors: Rodrigues Carla Renata , Franzoni Patricia , Gomes de Gomes Débora
Published: April 2024

Este estudo caracteriza-se como pesquisa qualitativa e propõe-se a analisar como a utilização de metodologias ativas no ensino de Contabilidade de Custos pode promover aprendizagem mais significativa aos estudantes do curso de Ciências Contábeis, de uma Universidade Pública, localizada no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Dessa forma, foram aplicadas as estratégias Tempestade Cerebral e Peer Instruction para desenvolver o conteúdo de Custeio por Processos. Os dados foram coletados através de diário de bordo e aplicação de questionário sobre a atividade e a própria aprendizagem dos alunos. Em relação aos dados emergentes, estes foram analisados mediante a aplicação da ATD (Análise Textual Discursiva) e agrupados em três categorias: Conhecimento Prévio, Metodologias Ativas e Aprendizagem, e Trabalho em Equipe. Por meio deste estudo, percebeu-se que os graduandos assumiram um papel mais ativo, foram estimulados e motivados, valorizaram o trabalho em grupo e compartilharam dos seus pensamentos. Conclui-se que as estratégias desenvolvidas foram produtivas, tornando a aula mais interessante, além de possibilitar ao aluno maior envolvimento, fortalecendo os processos de ensino e de aprendizagem. É importante que o professor desenvolva uma postura dialógica em suas aulas, promovendo debates, trazendo situações-problemas em que o estudante possa participar e apresentar as suas próprias ideias.
AI and assessment in higher education
Authors: Deneen Christopher
Published: April 2024

Generative artificial intelligence (genAI) has shown immense potential for revolutionising education. Revolutions are disruptive, however. They carry potential for both positive change and high-stakes failure. In higher education, the implications of the genAI revolution for educational assessment are high profile and high stakes. Assessment is the primary mechanism for determining students’ outcome achievement. Quality of assessment and the resulting data determines the legitimacy of progressing students through their formal study and conferral of degrees. Will genAI enhance or impede these essential educational functions?

This Trendsetter talk will address this question through exploring dynamic tensions around the relationship of genAI to assessment in higher education. The speaker will address the possibilities genAI presents for repositioning students in critical, authentic ways relative to assessment. We will also explore potential advantages posed by genAI for teachers, such as enhancing efficiency in feedback and marking. Conversely, we will identify and discuss how to offset the very real problems posed by genAI to academic integrity, ethical practice, and validity of assessment results. The talk will conclude with suggestions on pathways we may take to increase the likelihood of this as a successful revolution and minimise high-staked failures.

 

Bio

 

Chris is an associate professor and Enterprise Research Fellow in Education Futures, with University of South Australia. Chris’ work advances theoretical and empirical modelling of the interaction of assessment, feedback, and technology in higher education contexts. His research has attracted 2.9m AUD in competitive funding and he has authored over sixty publications, principally in high-impact journals. Chris heads the Change in Complex Systems Research Stream at The Centre for Change and Complexity in Learning (C3L). In his current position, Chris focuses on developing research projects and researcher capacities, especially among early-career researchers and teaching-focused academics.
Are Medicaid and Medicare Patients Treated Equally?
Authors:   Bureau of Economic Analysis, Ackley Calvin , Dunn Abe ,   Bureau of Economic Analysis, Liebman Eli ,   University of Georgia, Shapiro Adam Hale
Published: April 2024

We examine whether Medicaid recipients receive the same health care services as those on Medicare. We track the services provided to the same individual as they age into Medicare from Medicaid at age 65, becoming dual enrolled. Cost sharing remains negligible across the insurance switch, implying that observed changes in service provision reflect supply-side factors. Service provision increases by about 20 percent upon switching to Medicare, across a range of categories and treatments including high-value care. We find that 60 to 90 percent of the increase in office visits is explained by physicians averse to accepting new Medicaid patients. Geographic variation in our estimates shows that the average increase in utilization is larger in those states with lower Medicaid acceptance rates and higher Medicare acceptance rates. By contrast, we find relatively small increases in care from existing Medicaid providers. This analysis indicates that Medicaid’s smaller provider network plays a large role in limiting service provision.
Vladimir Chub: The Soviet Career of the First Don Governor
Authors:   State University of Management, Chuev Sergey V.
Published: April 2024

The article delves into the Soviet period characterizing the biography of the first governor of Rostov region Vladimir Fedorovich Chub (born July 24, 1948). Attention is paid to the circumstances of his formation as a personality, a politician and a manager. V.F. Chub passed the school of work at a transport enterprise, in the Proletarian district committee of the CPSU. During the years of perestroika, he proved himself to be a supporter of renewal – democratization, expansion of independence, development of glasnost. In 1989, he became the head of the City executive Committee of Rostov-on-Don, and then, in a competitive struggle with party structures, he was elected chairman of the Rostov City Council. A pragmatic position in August 1991 allowed V.F. Chub to become a compromise figure for the post of governor of the Rostov region. During the preparation of the article, documents and materials of personal conversations between the author and the hero of the publication were used, which were introduced into scientific circulation for the first time.
Regional Identity as a Subject of Socio-Humanitarian Interdisciplinary Research
Authors:   Surgut State University, Zaikin Danil S.
Published: April 2024

The article presents an analysis of socio-humanitarian concepts dedicated to the notion of “identity”, particularly its regional identity. The author defines that currently, interdisciplinarity and a pluralistic methodological approach (methodological flexibility) determine the increased interest of representatives of social-humanitarian knowledge in the theory of identity. The article also analyzes the inherent potential of the phenomenon of identity in historical research. Based on representative source material, the author demonstrates the fruitful scientific potential of the constructivist theory, which allowed him to present a wide range of scientific studies of identity. The emphasis is placed on the fact that the strive for preservation and promotion of regional identities is a topical issue in modern society. It is noted that the state can contribute to the development of regional identity, support the creation of cultural centers, organization of festivals, exhibitions, and other events that contribute to the popularization and attraction of attention to the unique characteristics of each region, in other words, implement an identity politics.
The Importance of Historical Scientific Communities of the Late XIX – Early XX Centuries in Matters of Protection of Cultural Heritage Sites
Authors:   Krasnodar State Institute of Culture, Merinov Mikhail A.
Published: April 2024

The article reviews the main historical scientific communities that functioned in the Russian Empire in the post-reform period – the Moscow Archaeological Society, the Russian Archaeological Society, the Russian Geographical Society, and a number of church scientific and historical organizations. Their characteristics are given, brief historical circumstances of the emergence of such organizations are summarized, their activities, which directly influenced the processes of protection of cultural heritage objects, are considered. At the same time, some special methodological issues of cultural heritage protection are considered in detail, such as the “Notes for the Review of Russian Antiquities”, compiled by the famous ethnographer, folklorist, paleographer I.P. Sakharov, dedicated to Orthodox religious monuments. The main issues of monument protection of the first archaeological congress in 1869 are considered, such as: on the most accurate definition of the method and techniques in the study of monuments; on measures to preserve and make known monuments of pagan and Christian antiquity in Russia; drawing up detailed instructions for archaeological research; terminology of Russian archaeology; on the compilation of archaeology.
The Category of Memory in the Poetry of V. Kiryushin: Ontological Aspect
Authors:   National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhniy Novgorod, Dudareva Marianna A. ,   A.N. Kosygin Russian State University (Technologies, Design, Art), Shtanko Marina A. ,   Taganrog Institute of Management and Economics
Published: April 2024

The aim of the study is to identify the features of the phenomenon of memory in the poetry of the modern poet Victor Kiryushin. The object of the article is the ontological dimension of memory in the Russian artistic verbal culture, which in the work of the modern author is associated with the image of a soldier, the image of war, the image of an old woman-mother, poetics and aesthetics of the “saying thing”. The subject of the study is the figurative realization of the phenomenon of memory in V. Kiryushin’s poetic selection from the literary and socio-political almanac “Day of Poetry – XXI Century” (2023). Considerable attention is paid to the interaction between digital memory and contemporary art, Russian poetry, which has the qualities of cultural entelechy. Digital memory and cultural memory are compared. Great culturological potential of modern poetry for studying the national existence of Russia is revealed. The results of the study can be applied in the course of teaching courses on the culture and history of Russia in secondary and higher schools.
Conceptual Problems of Understanding the Sociocultural Identity of Civilization
Authors:   Don State Agrarian University, Polomoshnov Andrey F. , Lykova Anna V. ,   Don State Agrarian University, Lugutsenko Tatyana V. ,   Lugansk State Pedagogical University
Published: April 2024

The article analyzes the conceptual apparatus used to characterize the sociocultural identity of a distinctive civilization in modern Russian discourse. A classification of conceptual approaches is provided for defining the sociocultural identity of an original civilization, categorizing them as normative-axiological, activity-based, comprehensive, and civilizational perspectives. The strengths and weaknesses of each approach are critically evaluated. Based on the analysis of a complex of categories utilized to characterize the sociocultural identity of civilization, the author formulates an original approach to the issue. It is established that the sociocultural identity of a specific original civilization can be effectively theoretically reconstructed based on the civilizational approach and the identification of a complex of historically stable invariants. To characterize this complex, the concept of “sociocultural code of civilization” is proposed. The invariants that form the sociocultural code of civilization are integral characteristics that determine the method of social, political and spiritual organization of civilization.