bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on chemical characteristics of coal and biomass blend and the tendency of its ash deposition
Authors:   R&D Centre for Mineral and Coal Technology, Umar Datin Fatia , Rohayati Tati ,   R&D Centre for Mineral and Coal Technology
Published: July 2022

A coal and biomasses of empty fruit bunch (EFB), mesocarp fiber (MF) and palm kernel shell (PKS) were characterized in terms of its proximate, ultimate, calorific value and ash chemical composition. Ash fusion temperature (AFT) was carried out on coal and biomass blends with a composition in weight % of 95-5; 90-10 and 85-15. The coal used in this research has high calorific value of 6,106 cal/g. Results indicate that based on the AFT, the coal-biomass blends at some composition shows a medium tendency to ash deposition. While based on the chemical composition, generally the coal-biomass blends have a low tendency to slagging but have a high tendency to fouling. Coal-biomass blend at the coal composition of 85 wt% and PKS of 15 wt% (85-15) is recommended to be applied. The less the coal is used, the less the CO2 emission, so it is expected to reduce the GHG significantly.
Kajian teknis kesiapan rom stockpile untuk rencana peningkatan produksi batubara
Authors:   UPN “Veteran” Yogyakarta, Rusyada Ramadhana Adi , Adji Dwi Poetranto Waloeyo ,   UPN “Veteran” Yogyakarta, Cahyadi Tedy Agung ,   UPN “Veteran” Yogyakarta, Nursanto Edy ,   UPN “Veteran” Yogyakarta, Gunawan Ketut ,   UPN “Veteran” Yogyakarta, Darmawan Rusdi ,   PT. Multi Harapan Utama
Published: July 2022

Stockpile merupakan tempat penimbunan sementara batubara sebelum dijual ke konsumen yang harus diatur dengan baik agar kualitas batubara tetap terjaga. Pada studi kasus ini direncanakan bahwa pada November 2020 batubara yang akan masuk ke Loa Kulu Coal Terminal (LKCT) di PT Multi Harapan Utama akan mengalami peningkatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kesiapan LKCT untuk menghadapi rencana peningkatan produksi batubara. Penelitian ini dibagi menjadi dua keadaan, yakni saat penelitian dilaksanakan dan saat peningkatan produksi dilaksanakan. Parameter yang dilihat dari kesiapan LKCT adalah kapasitas stockpile, produktivitas crushing plant, performa heavy equipment, serta pencampuran batubara. Dari empat parameter ini dilakukan perbandingan antara rencana teoritis dengan aktualnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan data aktual bulan Agustus dan September 2020. Selanjutnya untuk rencana peningkatan produksi akan diatur rencana perubahan lokasi penimbunan batubara berdasarkan kualitas dan kuantitas. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diperoleh hasil produktivitas teoritis dari crushing plant sebesar 1.275 TPH, sedangkan untuk produktivitas aktualnya pada bulan Agustus sebesar 884,92 TPH dan bulan September sebesar 863,83 TPH. Hal ini berarti produktivitas aktual masih belum mencapai rencana teoritis. Begitu juga untuk performa heavy equipment dan pencampuran batubara yang masih mengalami perbedaan antara rencana dengan keadaan aktualnya sehingga ke depannya perlu ditingkatkan agar mampu mengimbangi peningkatan produksi.
Optimalisasi pemberaian overburden dengan metode ripping dan peledakan di Banko Barat PT Bukit Asam Tbk
Authors:   Jurusan Teknik Pertambangan, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Sriwijaya, Toha Muhammad Taufik , Juniah Restu ,   Jurusan Teknik Pertambangan, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Sriwijaya, Yusuf Maulana ,   Jurusan Teknik Pertambangan, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Sriwijaya
Published: July 2022

Sistem penambangan batubara di Tambang Banko Pit 1 Utara adalah strip mining dengan sistem shovel-dump truck. Jenis material terdiri dari top soil, claystone, siltstone dengan strength 0,2 – 3 Mpa dan sebagian perlu diledakkan. Untuk menunjang kinerja excavator perlu dilakukan pemberaian overburden terlebih dahulu menggunakan ripper Komatsu D375A-5. Berdasarkan nilai kuat tekan (strength) material, spesifikasi ripper dan excavator yang digunakan, produktivitas excavator PC-2000 masih belum optimal karena kedalaman penggaruan hanya 1,2 m, sedangkan kedalaman garuk dari PC-2000 bisa mencapai 2,5 m, akibatnya bucket excavator masih mengambil material yang belum digaru. Untuk meningkatkan produktivitas excavator PC-2000 dalam pemberaian material, perlu dilakukan aktivitas peledakan terhadap overburden tersebut. Peledakan ini hanya untuk meretakkan overburden tersebut mengingat material termasuk kategori very soft strength rock. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengoptimalkan produktivitas excavator Komatsu PC-2000 dan melakukan evaluasi rancangan teknis peledakan sehingga tidak menimbulkan dampak negatif terhadap area pemukiman warga di sekitar tambang. Rekomendasi untuk optimalisasi ripping yaitu mengganti ripper yang lebih besar (Komatsu D475A-5) dengan penggaruan mencapai 2,5 m atau mengganti excavator yang lebih besar (PC-3000) dengan digging force yang lebih besar. Rekomendasi rancangan teknis peledakan untuk overburden adalah dengan sistem nonel, pengisian bahan peledak bottom air deck menggunakan bit diameter 200 mm dan geometri peledakan menggunakan burden 8 m, spacing 9 m, dan kedalaman lubang ledak 8 m.
Penurunan konsentrasi gas karbon monoksida dengan model fisik terowongan skala laboratorium
Authors:   Jurusan Teknik Pertambangan, Fakultas Teknologi Kebumian dan Energi, Universitas Trisakti, Yulianti Ririn , Hartami Pantjanita Novi ,   Jurusan Teknik Pertambangan, Fakultas Teknologi Kebumian dan Energi, Universitas Trisakti, Hidayat Taufiq ,   Jurusan Teknik Pertambangan, Fakultas Teknologi Kebumian dan Energi, Universitas Trisakti
Published: July 2022

Gas karbon monoksida (CO) merupakan salah satu gas berbahaya dan beracun yang biasa dijumpai di lorong tambang bawah tanah, berasal dari hasil sisa peledakan maupun pembakaran bahan bakar mesin yang tidak sempurna. Oleh karena itu, gas CO harus diencerkan secara maksimal dengan memerhatikan sirkulasi udara di lokasi kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penurunan konsentrasi gas CO berdasarkan nilai koefisien difusi gas tersebut, dengan membuat model terowongan berskala 1:10 dengan model penampang 40 cm x 40 cm, menggunakan tipe ventilasi udara overlap system. Model terowongan yang dijadikan acuan adalah XC 13 B pada blok Cikoneng, PT Cibaliung Sumberdaya. Penelitian dilakukan dengan variasi posisi vent duct supaya kecepatan penurunan konsentrasi gas CO yang diuji dapat diketahui dengan mudah. Indikasi dilusi gas CO yang maksimal ditandai dengan nilai koefisien difusi yang tinggi. Variasi kecepatan udara di terowongan terjadi karena adanya jarak vent duct dengan muka kerja, sehingga nilai bilangan Reynold pada tiap kondisi berbeda akan memengaruhi koefisien difusi gas CO. Selain pengaruh kemajuan vent duct, nilai bilangan Reynold yang semakin besar menandakan kecepatan pendilusian gas CO semakin cepat, artinya semakin besar turbulensi udara yang terjadi, maka penurunan konsentrasi gas CO juga semakin cepat. Hal ini juga tergambarkan dari hasil pemodelan Ansys yang dilakukan.
Karakterisasi batubara low-rank asal Jambi dan beberapa daerah di Indonesia sebagai bahan baku pupuk humat
Authors:   Pusat Penelitian Bioteknologi dan Bioindustri Indonesia, Aziz Muhammad Abdul , Wahyuni Sri ,   Pusat Penelitian Bioteknologi dan Bioindustri Indonesia, Fadila Hana ,   Pusat Penelitian Bioteknologi dan Bioindustri Indonesia, Fitriyah Fauziatul ,   Pusat Penelitian Bioteknologi dan Bioindustri Indonesia, Sulastri Sulastri ,   PT Pupuk Kalimantan Timur, Luktyansyah Insyiah Meida ,   PT Pupuk Kalimantan Timur, Siswanto Siswanto ,   Pusat Penelitian Bioteknologi dan Bioindustri Indonesia, Priyono Priyono ,   Pusat Penelitian Bioteknologi dan Bioindustri Indonesia
Published: July 2022

Pemanfaatan batubara low-rank sebagai bahan baku pupuk humat berpotensi menghasilkan produk dengan nilai jual tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkarakterisasi batubara low-rank asal Jambi dan beberapa daerah di Indonesia sebagai bahan baku pupuk humat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode komparasi terhadap sampel batubara low-rank dari berbagai daerah seperti Kalimantan Barat, Kalimantan Selatan, Kalimantan Timur, Sumatera Selatan dan Jambi berdasarkan kandungan humatnya. Batubara low-rank asal Jambi dianalisis proksimat dan ultimat menggunakan metode ASTM. Pengamatan gugus fungsi senyawa humat dilakukan dengan uji FTIR. Pengamatan fisik, pengujian kadar humat dan berat jenis dilakukan pada semua sampel batubara low-rank. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sampel batubara asal Jambi memiliki kadar air 10,18%, abu 7,52%, zat terbang 38,70%, karbon tetap 43,60%, gross calorific value (GCV) 5118 Kkal/kg, hardgrove grindability index (HGI) 69 dan total sulfur 0,16%. Selain itu teramati beberapa unsur penting seperti karbon 55,47%, hidrogen 4,13% dan oksigen 32,18%. Berdasarkan uji FTIR, senyawa humat yang diekstrak memiliki gugus fungsi –OH fenolik, hidrokarbon alifatis dan aromatis, eter, serta karboksilat. Sampel batubara low-rank asal Palembang dan Jambi dapat direkomendasikan sebagai bahan baku pupuk humat skala industri, karena memiliki kandungan humat tertinggi yaitu 21,87% dan 20,35% (cair) serta 36,15% dan 31,85% (padat) secara berturut-turut.
Effect of soil application of ag-zyme liquid organic fertilizer on growth and yield of soybean (Glycine max L.)
Authors: Ogbuehi HC
Published: July 2022

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Ag-zyme liquid organic fertilizer on growth and yield of soybean (Glycine max L.). The experiment was carried out at the Teaching and Research Farm of Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine. The experimental was the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with five treatments and four replications. The treatments are 0 ml(T1), 50 ml(T2), 100 ml(T3), 150 ml (T4) and 200 ml (T5) of Ag-zyme liquid organic fertilizer. The results obtained showed that soil application of Ag-zyme liquid organic fertilizer at different rates significantly (P<0.05) influenced the vegetative and yield parameters of soybean evaluated. The application of moderate levels of (T­2 and T3) Ag-zyme liquid fertilizers markedly increased the yields (35.595 kg/ha and 29.583 kg/ha respectively) compared to other levels and control. The result showed that the increase in vegetative, parameters, yield and yield components were correlated to mitigation effect of application of Ag-zyme liquid organic fertilizer during late planting in relation to harsh environmental condition.
The effect of soil pH on a carbohydrate level of tomato fruits (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) from bobo and Sidera villages
Authors: Astija  , Anggy Rizky Januarista  , Vita Indri Febriani  , Lestari MP Alibasyah
Published: July 2022

Soil pH has an effect not only on the growth and production of tomatoes but also has an influence on sugar metabolism. How the pH influences a production and the change of the sugar is still unknown. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect of the soil pH on the carbohydrate content of tomatoes in Bobo and Sidera villages. The method used was quasi-experiment because the researchers did not randomly select tomatoes for the experimental group and the control group, but the researchers used tomato plants in the two villages that have the differences in the pH of the soil. The data obtained were analyzed using ANAVA assisted by XL STAT 2017 program. The results showed that the soil pH affected the carbohydrate content of tomato fruit found in Bobo and Sidera Villages. The pH of the soil in Sidera Village was lower than the pH found in the village of Bobo.
Post gender-based violence care, support services and health outcomes among victims of gender-based violence in Akwa Ibom and Cross-River States Nigeria
Authors: Valentine Chidi Obidile  , Antor Odu Ndep  , Onyeka Chukwudalu Ekwebene  , Chidozie Precious Azubike  , Lois Ezinne Obidile-Ikwegbu  , Ray-Desmond Umechinedu  , Charles Nnamdi Ezeaka
Published: July 2022

Background: Gender-based violence has a negative impact on the physical and mental health of the victim, especially younger adults. Methodology: This cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in Cross River and Akwa Ibom States of Nigeria using both qualitative and quantitative approaches. The study population comprised young adults aged 15-39 years in Cross River and Akwa Ibom States. The principal researcher and three field assistants administered 426 copies of the questionnaire to respondents. The data were analyzed using Statistical Packages for the Social Sciences software (SPSS) version 22. Thematic analysis was used for the qualitative data. Results: The majority of respondents 346(83.8%) knew that gender-based violence affects the health and wellbeing of victims; there were 267(64.6%) young adults who identified that gender-based violence poses both long-term and short-term effects on the health of the victims with 198(47.9%) who have suffered at least, one form of gender-based violence. Shame, (32.7%), anger, (27.8%), Bruises/injuries (25.2%) and low self-esteem (22.5) were the most frequently reported physical and emotional health effects of GBV. Many do not seek care due to shame. For those who sought care, counseling 97(49%), HIV/AIDS counselling and screening 66 (33.3%), STI screening 52(26.2%), and oral pills 24(12.2%) were some of the services accessed by victims. Discussion: This finding is consistent with reports from other GBV studies whose respondents suffered depression (48.8%), fear and anxiety (31.0%), which they argued were more serious conditions than the physical health impact of gender-based violence. Mental and emotional health outcomes of GBV are mostly invisible to others, making it harder for victims to seek help. Conclusion: Gender-based violence has negative impact on the physical and mental health of the victim, especially younger adults.
Techniques of deep learning for diagnosing brain diseases: A review
Authors: Manu Pratap Singh  , Reena Garg
Published: July 2022

Deep learning has been proved as a tremendous evolution in machine learning and computer vision. Through deep learning, computer machines become capable of solving the problems those were beyond the imagination two decades prior. Nowadays, Deep learning is significantly used in Natural language processing, image classification, medical science, handwriting recognition, face recognition, speech recognition, biometrics matching and in various real life problem domains. In this present paper, a review of deep learning techniques is presented for the diagnoses of brain diseases. Today, Deep learning is playing a crucial role in automating the medical equipment for the diagnosis of various brain diseases like tumor, Alzheimer, Mild Cognitive Impairment, brain hemorrhage, Parkinson etc. Deep learning has been tremendously used in detecting the severity of such diseases. This paper covers the recent approaches, techniques, learning algorithms of deep learning those have been used to detect major or minor diseases in a human brain. The paper also explores the future possibilities for Deep learning in medical science specifically for the brain diseases.
The values of the Indigenous Religiosity and Culture in the village Bedaro
Authors: Masburiyah Masburiyah , Ismail Muhammad
Published: July 2022

This study aims to determine the uniqueness of a custom and Regiliusity or religious practices carried out by the Bedaro community. This research uses qualitative research methods with a phenomenalogic approach. The results showed that: 1) The factors causing the benefit and loss of some of the unique marriage customs that are commonly carried out in Bedaro Village are customs that are usually done just missed, without any comments, responses from the community, traditional leaders, religious leaders, youth, village governments and so on. 2) The factors causing the revival of unique marriage customs as well as making changes in the marriage customs in Bedaro Village are because they see the situation and conditions of the Bedaro community due to the rise of early marriage, divorce, and the people who are going to get married cannot read the Quran. 3) The unique forms of Islamic practice found in Bedaro village, and its implications for the local community, namely wirid after Friday prayers, verses about the doom of the tomb, nasid verses, grave pilgrimages on the day of Eid, making ashura porridge, qadha prayers, ulur antar bajawek. This shows that custom should follow sharia, not the other way around. A religious figure who carries out a practice should be based on sources both from the Quran and hadith, not based on traditions or cultures that have been valid for generations.
Dimensi Ekoteologis Ritual Roko Molas Poco dalam Tradisi Pembuatan Rumah Adat Masyarakat Manggarai – Flores Barat
Authors: Denar Benny , Juhani Sefrianus , Riyanto Armada
Published: July 2022

This article aims to show and introduce ecotheological values of “roko molas poco” ritual in the tradition of making traditional houses of Manggarai people – west Flores – East Nusa Tenggara (NTT). The approach used in collecting information about these rituals is qualitative, using ethnographic method. The result of this research is that the “roko molas poco” ritual ini the tradition of making traditional houses of Manggarai people has very rich messages and ecothelogical values. These values can be used as important themes for inculturation of environmental theology in Manggarai people who are mostly Catholics and who generally still adhere to the traditions and culture of their ancestors. It is believed that by strengthening ecotheological inculturation, ecological pastoral efforts in preventing massive influx of ecological destruction can be easily carried out.
Keadilan bagi Aliran Kepercayan: Studi tentang Sikap Aparatur Pemerintah Daerah terhadap Kepercayaan Orang Rimba Bukit Dua Belas Provinsi Jambi
Authors: Yenti Zarfina , Zahara Mina
Published: July 2022

After the issuance of the Constitutional Court's decision on the flow of trust in relation to the population administration law in November 2017, it required the government to make changes, especially to the Identity Card column. However, because this decision has not been properly socialized at the local level, the local government still lists islam for believers and there are even ID cards that are vacated by their religion. Another problem that arises is the large number of Orang Rimba who do not have an ID card because their lives are still nomadic so they are considered to have no place to live. Whereas for the Orang Rimba the forest is home to them. This research uses qualitative methods. Data were obtained using interview, observation and documentation techniques. This research was carried out in several Orang Rimba rombongs whose distribution includes Tebo, Batanghari and Sarolangun Regencies, and several areas traveled through cross-Sumatra such as Merangin Regency. The results showed some of the injustices experienced by orang rimba including being often bullied and made fun of in schools for adhering to a faith stream. The absence of Orang Rimba who have an ID card causes them to be unable to enjoy the facilities provided by the state such as the Smart Indonesia Card, BPJS, and Cash Direct Assistance as during this pandemic. For this reason, it is necessary to socialize the decisions produced by the Constitutional Court so that the community and local governments know about it and can carry out policies on the rights that must be possessed by the Orang Rimba.
Potret Moderasi Beragama pada Masyarakat Muslim Minoritas Etnis Tionghoa di Yogyakarta
Authors: Rosyadi Faiq Ilham , Machali Imam
Published: July 2022

This study aims to explore the dimensions of religious moderation in the Chinese ethnic minority Muslim community in Yogyakarta. This research is a type of field research with a descriptive-analytical qualitative method. The primary data source in this study was the Chairperson of the PITI DPW D.I. Yogyakarta, Hj. Sioe Fen / Hj. Budi to get information about the development of PITI from year to year. Then the Chairperson of PITI Sleman, Mrs. Linda Lestari and Deputy Chairman Mr. Bambang Bergen and one of the members of PITI Mr. Hendrik. The secondary data sources in this study are official organizational documents, scientific articles, books and other writings that are relevant to the focus of the research problem. To ensure the validity of the data, this study used source triangulation techniques and technical triangulation techniques. The analysis used adopts the analysis model of the qualitative analysis model from Miles and Huberman with the procedures taken are through data reduction, data display and conclusion drawwing. The dimension of religious moderation of the Chinese ethnic minority Muslim community in Yogyakarta is illustrated at least through two main points. The first concerns the religious understanding adopted. The second relates to inter-religious harmony. In the dimension of religious understanding, the Chinese Muslim community in Yogyakarta is dominated by the influence of local mass organizations. In this case, the NU and Muhammadiyah organizations are the two most followed organizations. Meanwhile, in social terms, tolerance between religious communities is the key to maintaining harmony in society. Tolerance is manifested in various fields, such as religious and social.
Penguatan Moderasi Beragama untuk Mengatasi Intolerasi di Kalangan Intelektual Kampus
Authors: Hanani Silfia , Nelmaya Nelmaya
Published: July 2022

This article describes the strengthening of religious moderation to overcome the occurrence of intolerance among campus intellectuals. The research was conducted at the IAIN Bukittinggi campus, where at this campus moderation was carried out through ukhwah-based moderation dialogue, the religious moderation literacy movement and the rumah moderasi beragama program. These reinforcements of moderation were carried out to ward off the intolerance movement among students. The movement to strengthen religious moderation is a must because in an increasingly complex and multi-ethnic and multi-religious society, it is very necessary to have religious meaning and awareness of existence outside of one's ethnicity or religion or group of people.
PEMBERDAYAAN EKONOMI PEREMPUAN MELALUI PARTISIPASI DALAM PENGELOLAAN HUTAN DESA DURIAN RAMBUN
Authors: Rahma Sri , Martaliah Nurfitri , Wahyuli Puji
Published: July 2022

This study aims to provide an analysis of women's participation in forest management through the Village Forest mechanism in Durian Rambun Village, Merangin Regency, Jambi Province. Village Forest is one of the social forestry mechanisms aimed at creating the welfare of communities that coexist with forests. This research is qualitative research with descriptive methods to explain phenomena in detail. Data collection methods are carried out by interviews, observations and literature studies. The results showed that women's participation in forest management through Village Forests is necessary, women and forests are entities that cannot be released. Through participation in forest management, Durian Rambun village women are economically empowered by utilizing forest land to produce and produce coffee products. Management is carried out sustainably so that forest sustainability still occurs in accordance with the principles of social forestry management.
Analisis Regresi Loyalitas Pengguna E-Commerce Bukalapak Dengan Variabel Technology Acceptance Model
Authors: Windana Gusta Irfan , Fitriasih Sri Hariyati , Irawati Tri
Published: July 2022

Online shopping is the activity of purchasing goods and services through the internet. Through online shopping, customers can preview the goods and services they want to buy on the web promoted by the seller. E-commerce and online shopping activities are becoming very popular among internet users. Customers who shop online can be classified into different purchase orientations. The purchasing orientation can influence both user loyalty Behaviour and intentions in shopping online on Bukalapak as e-commerce. Based on the results of a survey by the Indonesia Internet Service Providers Association (APJII) regarding the profile of Indonesian internet users in 2018, 34.60 per cent of the reasons for not shopping online are afraid of fraud and 21.5 per cent of them stated that they cannot directly buy the goods. The explanation above indicates that user loyalty is still quite low in online shopping. Through the Perceived Usefulness towards the loyalty Behaviour of Bukalapak users, the result of the research proves the first to fourth hypotheses that all Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) variables have a positive and significant effect on the loyalty Behaviour of Bukalapak users and through the TAM test, it is concluded that all variables used in conducting an information system analysis, most respondents answered strongly agree with the percentage of 40% and agree with the percentage of 46.50%..
Implementasi Algoritma Haversine Formula Pada Aplikasi Sadewa (Sistem Informasi Destinasi Wisata) Kota Salatiga Berbasis Android
Authors: Rohmatulloh Yusuf Ma'iin , Herlambang Bambang Agus , Wibowo Setyoningsih
Published: July 2022

Abstract - Salatiga is a city in Central Java Province which is located in the middle of two big cities, namely Semarang City which are 49 km away and Surakarta City which is 52 km away. During the colonialism, the Dutch government dubbed Salatiga as "De Schoonste Stad van Midderi-Javaborder" or the most beautiful city in Central Java. At this time the government of Salatiga City is working to make Salatiga again the most beautiful city in Central Java by making development efforts to beautify the city. To support this program, an information technology is needed to improve information about tourism. Tourists who will visit to need information on the nearest tourist destination to plan a trip to a tourist destination. The search for the nearest location can be applied using one of the algorithms, namely the Haversine Formula algorithm. This study uses Google Maps to display location routes. In terms of a utilization, it is hoped that this information system can make it easier for tourists to visit tourist destinations in Salatiga City.
Melons and Modernity: Dreams, Science, and Manure
Authors: Savoia Paolo
Published: July 2022

I meloni sono stati tra i frutti più desiderati e pericolosi nell’Europa della prima età moderna. Sognati da René Descartes in uno dei sogni più celebri della cultura europea, i meloni derivavano da complicati processi che avve-nivano sotto la superficie del suolo coltivato. Presenti in tutti i principali testi di dietetica, i meloni erano visti con sospetto a causa della loro umidità, che si credeva potesse causare putrefazione nello stomaco; questi, però, erano anche oggetto di un’attenta estetica della tavola e una merce di valore. I meloni erano oggetto di speciali tecniche di coltivazione che consistevano in complesse procedure “artificiali” che prevedevano l’uso di letame e fango. Concentrandosi sui testi di agronomia del sedicesimo e diciassettesimo secolo, sull’interpretazione dei sogni, sui decreti e i consulti di salute pubblica, sulla magia naturale e sulla maniera in cui Ulisse Aldrovandi raccoglieva informazioni, questo articolo afferma che i meloni erano al centro sia della simbologia cosmologica che della sperimentazione pratica, una combinazione che è stata centrale negli sviluppi della “rivoluzione scientifica”.
IMAN DAN KEADILAN GENDER: Menjawab Legitimasi Pemikiran Kaum Feminis Liberal Tentang Ketidakadilan Gender dalam Islam
Authors: Wangi Nur Sari , Thahir A. Halil
Published: July 2022

Tulisan ini mencoba membahas keadilan gender dalam Islamic Worldview (pandangan dunia Islam) terkait dengan wacana kontemporer yang berkembang tentang isu kesetaraan gender. Apakah kesetaraan itu sejalan dengan misi Islam di dalam al-Qur’an. Karena tidak dapat dipungkiri, banyak ayat al-Qur’an yang mengangkat masalah kedudukan antara laki-laki dan perempuan adalah sama, namun tidak berarti persamaan tersebut bermaksud kesetaraan antara keduanya dalam segala aspek. Bagaimanakah para ulama Islam menafsirkan ayat-ayat al-Qur’an yang dianggap sebagai argumentasi kesetaraan. Karena memang konsep kesetaraan itu sendiri masih menjadi perdebatan panjang sampai saat ini. Tujuannya agar tulisan ini dapat merumuskan kembali (reformulasi) Gender dalam bingkai sudut pandang Islam yang jauh dari bias isme-isme yang bukan berasal dari Islam. Dalam Islam, pemberdayaan wanita muslimah dan perempuan pada umumnya merupakan bagian yang tidak dapat terpisahkan dari upaya meningkatkan kualitas ketakwaan dalam makna yang seluas-luasnya. Ada atau tidak adanya konsep gender, dan tentu saja bukan atas nama gender. Makna gender bagi kaum feminis liberal dilihat dalam perspektif keimanan, mencoba mensiasati untuk menjawab legitimasi pemikiran kaum feminis liberal karena bisa jadi istilah gender bukanlah sekedar kata atau istilah belaka, tetapi merupakan konsep yang terkandung di dalamnya misi, filosofi, dan ideologi tertentu, dan ini berkaitan dengan keimanan seseorang.
Islam Moderat Perspektif Wahbah Al-Zuhaily: Tipologi dan Pemahaman Terhadap Syariat Islam
Authors: Aprilianto Dwi , Reza Irsali Anfasa Naufal , Suyuthi Ahmad
Published: July 2022

Artikel ini membahas tentang tipologi dan pemahaman Islam moderat berdasarkan pandangan Wahbah al-Zuhayli, seorang ulama berkebangsaan Suriah. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam tulisan ini adalah penelitian kepustakaan (library research) dengan menggunakan metode analisis isi (content analysis). Adapun pendekatan yang digunakan dalam tulisan ini adalah pendekatan sosiologi. Dalam tulisan ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa Wahbah al-Zuhayli merupakan salah satu intelektual Muslim yang mempunyai integritas keilmuan di berbagai bidang, terutama di bidang hukum Islam. Pemikiran-pemikirannya, dituangkan ke dalam sebuah buku, dijadikan referensi dan rujukan oleh para akademisi dan masyarakat pada umumnya. Akar pemikiran wacana moderasi Islam Wahbah al-Zuhayli pada dasarnya didasarkan pada konsep Maqa>s}id al-Syari@‘ah yang menghendaki adanya fleksibilitas dalam hukum Islam, adanya pembaruan atau ijtihad dalam hukum Islam, dan tidak fanatik terhadap suatu mazhab atau pendapat dalam hukum Islam.
TRADISI SEDEKAH LAUT MASYARAKAT PANTURA JAWA DALAM PERSPEKTIF PENDIDIKAN ISLAM
Authors: Husiyah Nur Iftitahul , Imaduddin Ahmad Victor
Published: July 2022

Masyarakat Jawa adalah suku di Indonesia yang memiliki berbagai macam tradisi serta adat yang bertahan dan berkembang dari zaman dahulu sampai sekarang. Salah satunya adalah upacara tradisi sedekah laut. Tradisi sedekah laut merupakan tradisi zaman dahulu, sudah lama dan masih menjadi panutan masyarakat nelayan, fungsinya sebagai wujud rasa syukur atas hasil melaut yang didapatkan. Di Indonesia pada saat Islam masuk ke pulau Jawa, ajaran Hindu dan ajaran Budha tersebut sudah ada dan melekat pada masyarakat Indonesia kemudian mempunyai budaya yang kemudian memuat nilai dan berpangkal pada kepercayaan animisme dan dinamisme. Terjadinya sinkronisasi antara unsur-unsur pra Hindu, Hindu-Budha dan Islam saat itulah Islam masuk, kemudian dengan adanya sinkronisasi tersebut, maka nilai-nilai budaya dan Islam saling mempengaruhi sehingga menimbulkan terjadinya interaksi manusia yang satu dengan lainnya dan memungkinkan bertemunya unsur- unsur budaya yang ada dan saling berpengaruh, kedua secara alamiah sifat dari budaya itu pada hakekatnya terbuka untuk menerima budaya lain, dan faktor tersebut yang mendorong dengan cepat.Tradisi juga membuat norma yang terbentuk dalam struktur masyarakat. Keberadaan tradisi dalam perspektif pendidikan Islam merupakan unsur budaya lokal (local wisdom). Dalam era modernisasi, tradisi lokal harus tetap lestari sejalan dengan tuntunan Islam. sedekah laut itu sampai sekarang masih terus dilestarikan di Masyarakat Desa Kawasan Pantura Pulau Jawa. Karena sifat dari upacara tradisi sedekah laut itu sendiri yang fleksibel sehingga dapat berbaur dengan perkembangan budaya yang berkembang. Terlebih jika upacara tradisi sedekah laut itu dilihat dari pendidikan Islam. Melalui metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnografi, fokus penelitian yang penulis sajikan antara lain: 1) Bagaimana praktik tradisi sedekah laut masyarakat Pantura Pulau Jawa ? 2) Bagaimana perspektif pendidikan Islam dalam tradisi sedekah laut masyarakat Pantura Pulau Jawa ? ?Penelitian ini berhasil menemukan bahwa praktik tradisi upacara sedekah laut di Pantai Utara Laut Jawa bermakna ucapan rasa syukur manusia atau masyarakat setempat kepada Allah SWT,. Jadi upacara tradisi sedekah laut itu memang layak untuk selalu dijaga dan dilestarikan keberadaannya, karena tradisi tersebut adalah salah satu media untuk pembelajaran dan komunikasi warga desa.
Implementasi Tasawuf di Majelis Taklim Karang Anyar Desa Plakpak Pamekasan (Studi Atas Penanaman Nilai-nilai Spiritual Masyarakat)
Authors: Fikri Mohammad , Sudirman Sudirman , Gafur Abdul
Published: July 2022

: The problem faced by humans today is the void of faith and morals along with the development and progress of science and technology. In this case, Sufism is brought to society as a solution to overcome and anticipate humans’ psychological problems in the rethinking of Islamic values. This research was conducted at the Islamic Forum of Karang Anyar, Plakpak Pamekasan Village, which implements Sufism in instilling spiritual values in the society. This study aims to describe (1) the implementation of Sufism in the Islamic Forum of Karang Anyar, Plakpak Pamekasan Village. (2) The implications of Sufism on the spiritual character of the society in the Islamic Forum of Karang Anyar, Plakpak Pamekasan Village. This is field research with a qualitative descriptive approach using a phenomenological type. The results of this study indicate that: (1) The implementation of Sufism in the Islamic Forum of Karang Anyar in Plakpak Pamekasan Village through a process of reflection carried out in isitighasah activities. (2) The implications of Sufism on the spiritual character of the society in the Islamic Forum of Karang Anyar, Plakpak Pamekasan Village are repentance, increased worship, and better behavior.
Types of sea ice conditions north of Spitzbergen archipelago
Authors: Vesman A. V. , Ivanov B. V.
Published: July 2022

Sea ice is an important part of the Arctic climate system. In the recent decade, rapid changes in the sea ice conditions have been observed: sea ice extent and sea ice thickness are declining; conversely, ice drift speed and deformations are increasing [1–10]. The main aim of this paper was to describe the variability of sea ice conditions north of the Svalbard archipelago and analyze the changes occurring there. For most of the year, a stable polynya is observed north of the archipelago, which is commonly called “Whalers Bay”. The prevailing wind direction (8–9 months out of 12) is north-east, thus, almost throughout the whole year, conditions persist that support the flow of warmer Atlantic waters (AW) to the surface. Stable upwelling, together with the observed increase in AW’s temperature, contributes to the formation of the quasi-stationary polynya “Whalers Bay”. The ice conditions north of the Spitsbergen archipelago are changing extremely dynamically. However, all their diversity can be grouped into four main types. Type 1 — the area to the north of the archipelago is covered with ice; type 2 — the ice edge moves to the north of the archipelago; 3 — “Whalers Bay” polynya; 4 — an intermediate type, when a “passage” is formed to the Barents Sea between the ice edge and the northern coast of the archipelago. This study showed that since the mid-1990s the frequency of type 1 has significantly decreased, conversely, type 3 has become predominant, and the frequency of occurrence of type 2 has also increased. The maximum area of the polynya was observed in February 2012 and 2014, when the ice edge reached 82,5°N and 50°E, and 83°N and 46°E respectively. The lightest ice conditions were observed in 2012, 2013 and 2016. The main periods of 2–3, 5–6 and 14 years were identified in open water area variability. The ice cover to the north of the archipelago is largely presented by the conditions similar to the marginal ice zone with an actively changing ice edge configuration and the combined influence of factors characteristic of open sea areas and ice-covered areas. It is here that intense heat exchange takes place between the ocean and the atmosphere. The heat fluxes directed from the ocean to the atmosphere in the area of the polynya have increased by about 4 TW over the past 40 years. The highest correlation between the heat flux and the area of open water is observed with a lag of 2 months.
Ice algae in current water-ice environmental condition of the Arctic Ocean
Authors: Melnikov I. A. , Zhitina L. S. , Ivanov V. V. , Timofeeva A. B.
Published: July 2022

In the Arctic Ocean (AO) of today, there are noticeable changes in the composition and structure of biological communities inhabiting the water-ice environment. Over the past two decades, a decrease in the number of species of the sea ice flora and fauna has been noted in the central regions of the AO due to the changing physical environment of their habitat. In view of the current climatic instability in the AO, it is important to monitor and evaluate their composition, structure and dynamics of development. It is also important to preserve the methods of processing the materials collected in order to compare the state of the water-ice biota on similar spatial and temporal scales of the basin. In the present study, centric and pennate diatoms dominating in ice floristic communities were selected as indicators of changes. The aim of the work is to analyze the physical state of the water-ice environment and the species composition of ice diatoms based on the materials of the expeditions within the NABOS program at the Research Vessel (R/V) “Akademik Treshnikov” in the Arctic Basin in 2018 and 2021. The field work included observations of the state of the sea-ice cover in the area of the expeditions, the selection of ice cores to assess the salt composition and species composition of the algae, as well as CTD-sounding of the under ice — water layer. The analysis of the materials collected showed significant differences in the species composition and abundance of algae between the seasons, which indicates the formation of independent floristic communities in the current conditions of unstable physical environment in the central regions of the AO, which confirms the previously obtained results in the period 2007–2015. The materials under discussion were obtained in a short period of time and in limited spaces in the zones of production of annual ice in the waters of the shelf seas and zones of removal to the central regions of the AO. At the same time, short-term observations provide “instant” information about the qualitative and quantitative state of sea-ice biological communities. In order to obtain reliable estimates, long-term observations are needed, which may be organized in the near future based on new logistical approaches to the study of the marine Arctic.
Method of calculating the optical fiber geometric parameters with multiple cores
Authors: Odegov Nikolay , Tatarnytska Iryna
Published: July 2022

The paper considers a simplified method for calculating the geometric parameters of an optical fiber with many cores. Such a fiber allows for an increase in the throughput of fiber-optic transmission systems by the method of spatial multiplexing. The proposed technique is based on the concept of light energy distribution in the mode spot and the allowable level of mutual influence between different cores. Algorithmic and software that implements the proposed technique has been developed. A comparative analysis of the triangulation and rectangular structure of fiber with many cores was performed. The technique considers the influence options from the nearest cores and the far layers cores. The analysis of the stability of the received results to minor deviations of actual parameters from the accepted ones in the model is executed. The technique is resistant to minor deviations in the shape of the cores from the circular and to small bends of the optical fiber. The method’s theoretical basis is used representations of wave optics and relatively simple representations of geometric optics. The obtained formulas are quite simple to analyze. Therefore, the obtained results can be offered for fast analysis of complex geometric structures of an optical fiber with many cores. Direct measurements or more complex theories compared the obtained results with the known estimates. It is shown that more than 100 cores can be concentrated in a fiber with a diameter of 200-400 μm, taking into account the typical values ​​of noise in real fiber-optic transmission systems. That is, with a slight increase in the size of the optical cable, you can increase the total transmission rate by more than 100 times.
Sosialisasi penggunaan arang aktif dari kulit singkong dalam menurunkan nilai BOD & COD dari limbah pasar Lambaro Kecamatan Ingin Jaya, Aceh Besar
Authors: Kartini Kartini , Nasrullah Nasrullah , Sofia Sofia , Syahrizal Syahrizal , Junaidi Junaidi
Published: July 2022

Pencemaran lingkungan berhubungan erat dengan limbah. Limbah organik yang masuk kedalam air dapat menurunkan kandungan oksigen terlarut dan meningkatkan Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Suspended Solid (TSS) dan Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) yang merupakan parameter utama pencemaran air. Tujuan pengabdian kepada masyarakat (PKM) adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang bahaya limbah pasar dan cara pengendaliannya menggunakan arang aktif dari kulit singkong. Metode kegiatan dilakukan sosialiasi dan pelatihan pembuatan arang aktif. PKM telah dilakukan di Pasar Lambaro tahun 2017, dengan sasaran sebanyak 30 IRT. Model pelaksanaan yaitu memberikan penyuluhan dan edukasi pembuatan arang aktif. Monitoring dan evaluasi dilakukan secara pretes dan postes. Hasil telah menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan pemahaman masyarakat menjadi lebih baik yaitu dari 23,3% meningkat sebesar 63,3%. Masyarakat telah berperan aktif menabur arang dari kulit singkong kedalam Saluruan Pembuangan Limbah (SPAL). Kesimpulan, sosialiasi yang diberikan mampu meningkatkan pemahaman masyarakat tentang penanganan limbah pasar, dan masyarakat telah berperan aktif melalui upaya penaburan arang dalam mengurangi kadar BOD dan COD.
Minimisation of the viral contamination risk of heterologous immunoglobulins in the context of the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation
Authors: Mashin V. V. , Sergeev A. N. , Martynova N. N. , Antipina T. V. , Sakanyan E. I. , Kataeva V. V. , Zagidullin N. V.
Published: July 2022

To ensure the safety and to secure the approval of injectable medicinal products based on antigen-specific immunoglobulins of animal origin, it is necessary to exclude their contamination with adventitious human pathogens. Ensuring the viral safety of heterologous immunoglobulins presents a major challenge, because the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation, 14 edition, lacks production stage-specific viral safety requirements for such medicinal products. The aim of the study was to analyse the requirements set forth in general and individual monographs of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation, the European Pharmacopoeia, (10th edition), the British Pharmacopoeia (2019), the United States Pharmacopoeia (USP 43–NF 38), the Japanese Pharmacopoeia (17th edition), as well as the recommendations of the European Medicines Agency and the World Health Organisation concerning the viral safety of medicinal products for human use based on heterologous antigen-specific immunoglobulins. The authors analysed regulatory requirements for the following: serum/plasma-producing animals; immunisation antigens for the animals; quarantine of the animals; viral contamination tests for immune animal serum/plasma pools; model viruses to validate viral inactivation/removal processes at different stages of vaccine production; viral load reduction at each inactivation/ removal step; testing of materials obtained at critical production stages. The authors drafted sections for quality standards on production stage-specific measures to minimise the viral contamination risk of medicinal products for human use based on heterologous immunoglobulins, which they proposed for inclusion to the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation.
Influence of the material of weighing bottles on loss-on-drying reproducibility
Authors: Voropaev A. A. , Fadeikina O. V. , Ermolaeva T. N. , Davydov D. S.
Published: July 2022

One of the factors influencing the uncertainty of residual moisture measurements in biological medicinal products is the accumulation of electrostatic charge on the surfaces of weighing bottles and laboratory balances, which results in poor weighing reproducibility. The authors believe that the simplest and most economical solution to this problem is to use weighing bottles made of a conductive material, e.g. metal. The aim of the work was to evaluate the influence of the material of weighing bottles on the reproducibility of loss-on-drying (LOD) methods. Materials and methods: Model samples for the study were prepared from a sucrose-gelatin medium by lyophilisation and subsequent moisture sorption to achieve a certain residual moisture content. The authors assessed the samples’ mass uniformity using Shewhart’s X-charts, and analysed their residual moisture content using a loss-on-drying procedure with glass and metal weighing bottles. Statistical processing of the results was carried out by calculating the main statistical indicators: Student’s t-test and Fisher’s F-test. Results: Four batches of model samples were prepared and standardised in terms of average mass using Shewhart’s charts. The effect of weighing bottle materials was most pronounced at low residual moisture contents (less than 0.5%), with the relative standard deviation (RSD) values for the results obtained with glass and metal weighing bottles reaching 76% and 35%, respectively. For the samples with a higher residual moisture content (2–5%), the minimum RSDs with glass and metal weighing bottles were 15% and 6%, respectively. Conclusions: The study allowed for evaluating the influence of the material of weighing bottles on the results of LOD measurements and demonstrated a higher reproducibility with metal weighing bottles. This confirms the possibility of using metal weighing bottles in quality assessment of biological medicinal products for human use with LOD methods.