bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Coaching Model to Promote Economic Mobility and Child Developmental Outcomes
Authors: Homer Charles J. , Winning Ashley , Cummings Kevin
Published: December 2021

OBJECTIVES

Children growing up in poverty experience worse developmental outcomes than their more economically advantaged peers. Whether Mobility Mentoring, a program focused on building parent executive function to promote economic mobility, results in improved child developmental outcomes is not known.

METHODS

This study population was drawn from children enrolled in Washington State’s public, income-qualified prekindergarten program and their families. We used a quasi-experimental, preintervention-postintervention design with 2 contemporaneous comparison groups: children in the same settings whose families did not receive the intervention and children in settings in which the intervention was not offered. Primary outcomes are improvement in each of the 6 dimensions of the Teaching Strategies GOLD (TSG) measure (social-emotional, physical, cognitive, language, literacy, and mathematics) and meeting or exceeding “widely held expectations” in all of these 6 dimensions.

RESULTS

Within sites that offered the coaching program, children whose parents received the program (n = 2609) showed gains in 2 of 6 TSG dimensions compared with children (n = 440) whose parents did not, and also met or exceeded widely held expectations. TSG outcomes of all children in sites offering the intervention (n = 3049) did not differ from those of children in sites that did not (n = 7216).

CONCLUSIONS

Findings provide sufficient evidence of a positive impact of Mobility Mentoring on child development to merit further study. If substantiated, building parental executive function may improve child outcomes as well as enhance progress toward economic self-sufficiency, and potentially be more engaging than traditional family support programs.
Byrsonima crassifolia seedlings growth on ground basalt rock
Authors: Ferreira Melo Valdinar , Welter Marina Keiko , Alves Chagas Edvan , Pereira Uchôa Sandra Cátia , Da Silva Siqueira Raphael Henrique
Published: December 2021

Ground basalt rock may represent a labile reservoir of nutrients, providing a low-cost, nutrient-rich substrate for seedling formation and plant growth. The study aimed to evaluate the development of a native plant murici [Byrsonima crassifolia (L.) H.B.K.] seedlings using two different application rates of ground basalt rock with two particles sizes. The experiment was performed in a greenhouse, in which treatments were arranged in a random block design with five replications in a factorial scheme (2 x 5 + 1), with five doses of finely ground basaltic rock (0.42; 1.04; 2.08; 4.17 and 8.33 g kg-1), two grain sizes (G1 Ø < 0.05 and G2 Ø < 0.10 mm mesh), and a treatment with soil without rock powder addition (the control 0.0 g kg-1 of rock powder). The seedlings were cultivated in substrate incubated for 120 days with the ground basaltic rock. Six months after the seedlings were planted variables involving growth and nutrient content variables were evaluated. Grain size affected nutrient availability from finely ground rock (Ca, Mg, Fe, and Zn). The growth of murici seedlings linear increase with ground basaltic rock application rates, with better results when a 0.05 mm grain size was used.
Successive crops of broccoli, green corn and pea after taro (Colocasia esculenta)-sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea) consortium
Authors: Colombo João Nacir , Puiatti Mario , Santos Ricardo Henrique Silva , Dias Luiz Antônio dos Santos , Silvestre Henrique Colli
Published: December 2021

Aiming to assess the residual effect of the biomass of the taro-sunn hemp consortium on the performance of the successive crops of broccoli, green corn and peas, an experiment, with 11 treatments, corresponding to the cutting of Crotalaria juncea in the taro-sunn hemp consortium (55, 70, 85, 100, 115, 130, 145, 160, 190 and 220 days after sowing - DAS) plus a control treatment (Colocasia esculenta), was performed. Soil samples were collected and chemical analysis was performed before crop establishment. Plant characteristics and productivity of broccoli, green corn and pea pods were assessed. There were no major changes in soil chemical composition. Higher values of inflorescence fresh matter and broccoli yield were observed in the treatments in which cuts of Crotalaria juncea occurred 145 DAS. The residual effect of Crotalaria juncea cuttings provided higher corn plants and a greater fresh matter of spikes with straw and productivity of commercial ears, compared to the control. There was no residual effect on the characteristics evaluated for pea. The residual effect of Crotalaria juncea cropped in a consortium with Colocasia esculenta increases broccoli yield when cut from 145 DAS and corn cropped in succession.
Efecto de la dinámica de tostado sobre las propiedades del licor de copoazú (Theobroma grandiflorum Willd. ex Spreng. Schum.)
Authors: Criollo nuñez Jenifer , Sandoval-Aldana Angelica-Piedad , Méndez-Arteaga John-Jairo
Published: December 2021

En un trabajo conjunto entre la Universidad del Tolima y la Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (Agrosavia) en el Centro de Nataima, Colombia, se generaron curvas de tostión de almendras de Copoazú (Theobroma grandiflorum) evaluando el efecto del tiempo (20 y 25 minutos) y la temperatura (°C) (115, 120 y 130) sobre las características químicas y sensoriales del licor, catalogado como fino, y del aroma por poseer notas frutales en su perfil sensorial. De igual forma, se determinaron los índices de calidad de la grasa del fruto. Se encontró que, a 130 °C durante 25 minutos se generaron variaciones significativas (P < 0.05) en parámetros químicos como contenido de azúcares totales, proteína y grasa, los que decrecieron 62.7, 47.99 y 40.7%, respectivamente, en comparación con los mismos parámetros encontrados en el tratamiento control sin horneado. Los tratamientos evaluados mostraron que las almendras de copoazú son sensibles a altas temperaturas, presentando defectos sensoriales como aroma quemado en almendras tostadas a 130 °C y 120 °C. Las almendras tostadas a 115 °C presentaron aromas característicos a frutal, floral, nuez y dulce. El mejor tratamiento para almendras de copoazú fue de 115 °C por 25 minutos, logrando con él la mejor expresión sensorial y las menores pérdidas de macronutrientes de la pasta, sin efecto negativo sobre la calidad de la grasa.
Microbiological attributes of a cultivated Plinthosol with sugarcane on different levels of straw
Authors: Portela Mirya Grazielle Torres , Leite Luiz Fernando , Barbosa Ranyellson Pires
Published: December 2021

The objective of this work was to evaluate the microbiological attributes of a Plinthossol cropped with sugar cane in straw. The experiment was installed in União (04 ° 51’09”S and 42 ° 53’10 ‘’ W, altitude 52 m), northern region of Piauí state, Brazil. The experimental design was randomized blocks, with four replications, and treatments corresponding to different rates of straw (Mg.ha-1) (0, 4.19, 9.54, 13.04 and 18.38). Microbiological attributes were determined at a depth of 0-10 cm. Data was submitted to analysis of variance, cluster analysis and main components. An increase of straw in the soil influenced the stocks and contents of C, Cmic, Nmic, respiration and microbial and metabolic quotients. Cluster analysis combined the treatments into three distinct groups. 9.54 Mg.ha-1 of straw treatment was isolated from other treatments, being strongly correlated to the microbial quotient. The group formed by the treatments 13.04 and 18.38 Mg.ha-1 of straw correlated with most of the evaluated attributes, being the best proportions to be used to improve soil quality.
Comparación productiva y de calidad en leche de vacas Holstein pastoreando en diferentes sistemas del trópico alto
Authors: Hoyos Rojas Jhon Edwin , Angulo Arizala Joaquín , Mahecha  Ledesma Liliana , Houwers Hendrick Willem , Cerón Muñoz Mario Fernando
Published: December 2021

Se comparó el efecto del pastoreo de vacas Holstein en diferentes sistemas, sobre la producción y calidad de la leche. Los sistemas pastoriles (SP) evaluados fueron: kikuyo (Cenchrus clandestinus (Hochst. ex Chiov.) Morrone) (K), ryegrass (Lolium ssp.) (R), sistemas silvopastoriles de ryegrass, botón de oro (Tithonia diversifolia) y aliso (Alnus acuminata) (sspR), sistemas silvopastoriles de kikuyo, botón de oro y aliso (sspK) y sistemas silvopastoriles de ryegrass, kikuyo, botón de oro y aliso (sspRK). Las variables respuestas estuvieron dadas por la cantidad diaria de leche (PL), lactosa (L), grasa (G) y proteína (P), los porcentajes de proteína (% P) y grasa (% G) y niveles de nitrógeno ureico en leche (MUN) de 60 vacas holstein de 1 a 6 partos. Se emplearon modelos mixtos aditivos generalizados con efecto semiparamétrico suavizado para los días en lactancia (DEL), los efectos fijos de SP, número de partos y el efecto aleatorio de lactancia de las vacas. Los resultados indicaron ventajas en PL, L, P y G del SspR sobre los otros sistemas (P < 0.05), demostrando el potencial de los sistemas silvopastoriles en trópico alto exponiendo la importancia de la diversificación de especies en las praderas.
Cultivars performance and blackberry pruning management
Authors: Giacobbo Clevison Luiz , Lugaresi Adriana , Uberti Alison , Santana Alice Silva , Do Prado Jean , Louis Bachelor , Castagnera Luan , Culau Lucas Roberto
Published: December 2021

There was increased fruit consumption with potential health benefits in the last years, being blackberry one of these fruits. The objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of Blackberry cultivars and the influence of main stem management on BRS-Tupy cultivar. The first experiment assessed the cultivars: BRS-Tupy, Cherokee, Xavante, and Guarani; in the second experiment the evaluated prunings were: drastic winter pruning, 2, 3, and 4 main primocanes. The variables analyzed were: green and dry leaf mass, leaf area, number and average fruit mass, production per plant, average size and percentage of fruit moisture, and soluble solids. In relation to average weight, fruit size and yield, BRS-Tupy cultivar was superior in both cycles evaluated. As for soluble solids the Cherokee cultivar was superior, but only in the 2016/17 cycle. In the second experiment, in terms of number of fruits and production, pruning of 4 primocanes in the 2016/17 cycle was superior, but in the next cycle the pruning of 3 primocanes equaled it in the production variable. The drastic pruning in these variables is shown to be lower in the two cycles evaluated. Concerning the variable size of fruit, a significant difference was found only in the 2017/18 cycle, where drastic pruning presented smaller fruits. Thus, it can be concluded that, in general, BRS-Tupy cultivar presents the best productive results and that pruning with 4 primocanes initially stands out alone.
20 July 2017 Bodrum-Kos Earthquake (Mw:6.6) in southwestern Anatolia, Turkey
Authors: Över Semir , Özden Süha , Kalkan Ertan Esra , Turhan Fatih , Coşkun Zeynep , Pınar Ali
Published: December 2021

In the Aegean Sea, the western part of Gökova Gulf, Kos and Bodrum were struck by a 6.6 (Mw) earthquake on July 20, 2017. The fault plane solution for the main shock shows an E-W striking normal type fault with approximately N-S (N4°E) tensional axis (T-axis). Fault plane solutions of 33 aftershocks show two groups of normal type fault with E-W and NE-SW to ENE-WSW orientations. The inversion of the focal mechanisms of the aftershocks yields two different normal faulting stress regimes: one is characterized by an approximately N-S (N5°E) σ3 axis (minimum horizontal stress axis). This extension is obtained from 13 focal mechanisms of aftershocks with approximately E-W direction. The other is characterized by approximately NW-SE (N330°E) σ3 axis. The latter is calculated from 21 seismic faults of aftershocks with approximately NE-SW direction. These aftershocks occurred on relatively small-scale faults that were directed from NE-SW to ENE-WSW, and possibly contributed to expansion of the basin in the west. The 24 focal mechanisms of earthquakes which occurred since 1933 in and around Gökova Basin are introduced into the inversion analysis to obtain the stress state effective in a wider region. The inversion yields an extensional stress regime characterized by an approximately N-S (N355°E) σ3 axis. The E-W directional metric faults, measured in the central part of Gökova Fault Zone bordering the Gökova Gulf in the north, also indicate N-S extension. The NE-SW extension obtained from NE-SW aftershocks appears to be more local and is responsible for the expansion of the western part of the asymmetric Gökova Basin. This N-S extension which appears to act on a regional-scale may be attributed to the geodynamic effects related to the combined forces of the southwestward extrusion of Anatolia and the roll-back process of African subduction beneath Anatolia.
Anti-Staphylococcus aureus Methicillin-Resistant (MRSA) Activity of a Novel 3-Chalcogenyl Indole
Authors: Ferreira Laisa Borges , Silva Edilma Elayne da , Lentz Silvia Adriana Meyer , Azeredo Juliano Braun de , Braga Antonio Luiz , Machado Michel Mansur , Teixeira Mario Lettieri , Caierão Juliana , Silveira Gustavo Pozza , Martins Andreza Francisco
Published: December 2021

Objective: the development of new drugs against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is a priority to the World Health Organization. So, the objective of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity and toxicity of 5-bromo-3-((4-methoxyphenyl) sulfenyl)-1H-indole (3b) against MRSA.Methods: minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 3b was determined against S. aureus ATCC 29213 and 43 clinical isolates. The time-kill assay was performed for 9 isolates. Analysis of variance followed by the post hoc Bonferroni test was used for the statistical tests.Results and conclusions: the MIC50 and MIC90 of 3b were 4 μg.mL-1 and 16 μg.mL-1 respectively. In time-kill assay, the 3b showed bactericidal activity to all evaluated isolates at concentrations of 1xMIC and 2xMIC and the re-growth effect was not observed. About the toxicity tests, 3b has not presented cytotoxicity, mutagenicity, or allergenicity. 3b had particularly good activity against MRSA demonstrating high potential for the development of new antimicrobials products.
Sustainable Higher Education via Telecollaboration: Improving Plurilingual and Pluricultural Competence
Authors: Polyakova Oksana , Galstyan-Sargsyan Ruzana
Published: December 2021

Introduction. Due to globalisation, the modern workforce is significantly diversified. Therefore, there is a need to modernise and embrace innovation in 21st-century education to prepare international professionals to work in cross-cultural teams via digital platforms. While research in the recent past has primarily focused on the refinement of future expert competences in tertiary education, only a handful of studies have been done to establish how plurilingual and pluricultural competence can be digitally developed at the inter-university level. In this light, this study sought to bridge this gap in the research on the sustainable cooperation model.
Materials and Methods. The design for the methodological plan of integrating plurilingualism and pluriculturalism in university teaching was premised on the need to promote networking among students from different universities and countries. Its major stages based on the Collaborative Online International Learning approach included three stages: find a partner, prepare the project and carry out the project. A virtual exchange experiment across two institutions of higher learning in Spain and Finland helped analyse plurilingual and pluricultural competence achievement by means of questionnaires.
Results. A special Collaborative Online International Learning approach used to explore plurilingual and pluricultural competence and the effectiveness of online-assisted language interaction, teamwork or intercultural cooperation. The study’s findings confirmed that plurilingual and pluricultural competence among students could also be developed using virtual cooperation, thus supporting cost-effective options of sustainable university training.
Discussion and Conclusion. The project had a positive impact on reaching sustainable education goals by highlighting intercultural interaction prospects. Besides, it displays real challenges such as different schedules, grading systems, timing, motivation or virtual interaction among learners and ways of overcoming them. Regardless of the fundamental idea of formative exploration, our study presents some findings that lecturers, language training practitioners and policymakers willing to apply telecollaboration will be deserving of thought.
Primary Professionalization of Foreign Students: Barriers, Stigmatization, Adaptation
Authors: Tikhonova Elena V. , Kosycheva Marina A. , Efremova Galina I.
Published: December 2021

Introduction. In the context of the export of educational services, it is of particular importance to design an efficient system of foreign students’ psychological adaptation. Owing to the ethnocultural background, foreign students feel that they are stigmatized minorities in the host society. Negative images and stereotypes are often internalized, resulting in stable low self-esteem in the stigmatized. Since self-esteem acts as a key parameter of the professional self-concept, social stigma and the experience of social identity threat activate the stigmatization of primary professionalization, thereby drastically reducing the efficiency of the received vocational education at the university. The purpose of the study is: to outline the phenomenon of primary professionalization, to reveal the nature of the relationship between the social stigma of foreign students and their self-esteem, and to describe the levels of primary professionalization.
Materials and Methods. The study involved 124 foreign students. Participants were asked to answer questions of the Short Form of the Stigmatization Scale and Rosenbergʼs Self-Esteem Scale in order to track the relationship between social stigma and self-esteem. Further, in order to identify the basic barriers to primary professionalization and the participants’ perception of their stigmatized status, the respondents answered the questions of a semi-structured interview supported with the critical incident technique in a focus group format.
Results. There is a correlation between the degree of obviousness of social stigma and self-esteem of foreign students. The categorization of the data obtained allowed the authors to substantiate the phenomenon of stigma of primary professionalization, to systematize the determining factors, and to describe its levels.
Discussion and Conclusion. Despite the fact that social stigma has attracted active attention of world science for decades, we have not been able to find focused studies into primary professionalization in the format of education export. Studying the factors that lead to the development of stigma of primary professionalization, understanding its levels will help to design a system for its prevention, optimize the system of adaptation of foreign students to the realities of the educational system of the host university.
Unabridged Short Stories by 21st-Century Spanish-Speaking Authors in Teaching Spanish as a Foreign Language
Authors: Sarguzina Irina A.
Published: December 2021

Introduction. The need to include authentic works of fiction in the foreign language teaching process is obvious, but the selection of texts of the appropriate level at the elementary and intermediate stages of Spanish teaching remains a challenge. Since this phenomenon has not been sufficiently explored, the aim of this article is to present a list of unabridged short stories that correspond to the intermediate level (B1 PCIC) and the results of the study on the benefits of using these stories as a means of stimulating communication skills in the Spanish class. Materials and Methods. To study the problem, a Likert scale questionnaire, oral interviews, and a check of the final work were carried out. The study involved 54 students from three Russian universities and one school where Spanish and English are studied in depth. The collected data were processed by methods of mathematical statistics in Microsoft Office Excel. For the study, 36 short stories by contemporary Hispanic authors were selected and pre and post-reading questions were developed to introduce the topic and stimulate oral speech. Results. Based on the results of the study, it was revealed that the selected stories correspond to the B1 level of the Cervantes Instituteʼs curriculum, and the topics presented in the stories stimulate communication in the class, pushing the fear of making a mistake into the background. Many Spanish teachers introduce unabridged fiction starting at B2 level. This experiment demonstrates the successful use of short stories at an intermediate level of language proficiency. Discussion and Conclusion. The results of the study contribute to the development and improvement of the methodology of teaching Spanish with the use of authentic fiction texts. The materials of the article will be useful for practicing teachers and methodologists of the Spanish language.
High-cycle fatigue tests of pretensioned concrete beams
Authors: Remitz Jörn , Empelmann Martin
Published: December 2021

Pretensioned concrete beams are widely used as bridge girders for simply supported bridges. Understanding the fatigue behavior of such beams is very important for design and construction to prevent fatigue failure. The fatigue behavior of pretensioned concrete beams is mainly influenced by the fatigue of the prestressing strands. The evaluation of previous test results from the literature indicated a reduced fatigue life in the long-life region compared with current design methods and specifications. Therefore, nine additional high-cycle fatigue tests were conducted on pretensioned concrete beams with strand stress ranges of about 100 MPa (14.5 ksi). The test results confirmed that current design methods and specifications overestimate the fatigue life of embedded strands in pretensioned concrete beams.
Physical modeling of unsteady electromagnetic processes in power transformer under sharp load fluctuations
Authors: Zinovkin Volodymir , Blyzniakov Olexander , Yurij Krysan , Zaluzhnyi Mykchailo
Published: December 2021

Purpose. To develop and experimentally confirm the method of physical modeling of non-stationary electromagnetic processes in a powerful power transformer operating under variable loads by combining similarity criteria and equivalence coefficients.
Methodology. Theoretical provisions of mathematical and computer modeling, theoretical electrical engineering were used in the research, as well as the theory of experiment with the application of equivalence coefficients.
Findings. Methods of experimental research were developed, which include the formation and registration of a set of external and internal parameters of physical models, prototypes and real equipment. Criteria for similarity of nonstationary electromagnetic processes excited by sharply changing scattering fields in special purpose power transformers are obtained.  .
Originality. The theory and practice of physical modeling, as well as the similarity theory applied to unsteady electromagnetic processes in powerful transformer equipment for special purposes were further developed. A set of distinctive features of test conditions and their registration were formed.
Practical value. Application of physical modeling of unsteady electromagnetic processes at the design and manufacture stages of power transformers for power supply systems of electric arc furnaces, rolling mill drives, etc., as well as during the refinement of general-purpose power transformers.
Combat Knife with Eagle-Headed Handle from Cimmerian Bosporos
Authors:   Collège de France, Kazanski Michel
Published: December 2021

In the Romano-Germanic Museum in Cologne (Diergardt collection) there is a combat knife originating from Cimmerian Bosporos. Its hilt is decorated with a bronze image of eagle’s head. The purpose of this publication is to call attention to this artifact almost not known to Eastern European archaeologists. The handles of swords decorated with eagle’s heads from the Roman Period are well known primarily from iconographic data. Noteworthy is the image on a silver bowl from Avignon (the so-called “Briseis Cup”) dated to the fourth century. It depicts a weapon with a rather short blade and a U-shaped chape; all these features resemble the Bosporan combat knife. In the Late Roman Period, swords with eagle-headed hilts were well represented in the images of the persons of status, probably indicating their prominent role of a symbol of power. Generally, eagle is well represented among the symbols of power of the Late Empire, for example, on consular rods or shields with the emblems of military units mentioned in the Notitia Dignitatum. In the Late Roman Period, sword hilts featuring bird’s head also occurred outside the Empire. This is evidenced by the image of the Sassanian Shah Shapur II on a plate from Turusheva. In the “chieftain” culture of the Eastern and Central European Barbaricum and the Northern Black Sea Area from the Great Migration Period, the inlaid patterns showing eagle or bird’s heads is well known on weapons, including swords and horse trappings. In the Barbaricum, there probably appeared the well-known phenomenon of imitatio imperii.
Artsruni-Senaichereim Family in the Byzantine Administration of the Eleventh-Century Balkan Themes
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Stepanenko Valerii Pavlovich
Published: December 2021

In 2009, Valentina S. Shandrovskaia published a seal of Sebatas Senaichereim, protospatharios and strategos of the theme of Servia and dated it from the late of the tenth to the early eleventh centuries. Anton S. Mokhov dated this molybdoboullon to the second half of the 980s. Additionally, the latter used John Skylitzes’s account that Nikephoros Xiphias, following the order of the Emperor Basil II the Bulgar Slayer, destroyed and razed to the ground all the fortresses in the regions of Servia and Soska to claim that the destruction of the fortress of Servia and the liquidation of this theme date to 1018. This paper doubts the said interpretations. The paper’s author considers that the family name of Senaichereim included into the patronymic of Sebatas contradicts the dates proposed by A. S. Mokhov. The Senaichereim family descended from the king of Vaspurakan (Armenia) Senekerim Artsruni. He and his family appeared in Byzantium in 1021. His descendants could become the Senaicheriem family only after his death ca 1024. Therefore, Sebatas’ reign in Servia possibly dates to the 1020s, and the theme of Servia could hardly be liquidated in 1018.
Ceramic Fragments with Christian Graffiti from Mediaeval Burials in the Crimea
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology of the Crimea of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Khairedinova Elzara Aiderovna
Published: December 2021

The thirteenth and fourteenth century Christian burials in the the south-western Crimea and Sudak contained the fragments of wheel-made vessels and building ceramic ware showing the graffiti drawn on baked clay in the form of a simple cross (type 1), a cross with two-line formula “IC XC NIKA” (type 2) inscribed between the arms, or the formula “IC XC NIKA” written in one line (type 3). These graffiti were applied to ceramic shards specifically for burials; the finds of this kind are not known in cultural layers of the settlements. The graffiti of type 1 replaced underwear crosses worn during the human’s life and served as apotropaic amulets for the dead. In the graves, they were placed under the lower jaw, at the neck or head of the deceased person. The formula “IC XC NIKA” is a partially abbreviated form of the Greek “Ἰησοῦς Χριστòς νίκα” (“Jesus Christ, conquer”) or “ Ἰησοῦς Χριστòς νίκᾷ” (“Jesus Christ conquers”). It is accepted that this formula first appeared in 720 on the coins of Leo III and his son Constantine IV and proclaimed the victory of the Byzantines over the Arabs under the protection of Christ and His Cross. Later on, imperial connotations of triumph and victory gave way to a more modest prayer for help and protection from the forces of evil. In the Crimea, the formula “IC XC NIKA” occurred from the late eighth century in building inscriptions, on architectural details, tombstones, and individual worship objects. From the thirteenth century on, the formula “IC XC NIKA” combined with a cross or independently appeared in burials: on slabs placed vertically at the eastern end of the grave so that the face of the deceased was turned to the image, or on ceramic shards that covered the mouth or neck of the deceased. The artefacts featuring this image were placed mainly in the burials of untimely departed persons: children, teenagers, or those who suffered from serious illnesses during their lifetime. The rite of placing ceramic fragments with Christian graffiti into burials for protection and scaring away evil spirits is documented in the Crimea in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, though in Byzantium it appeared from the tenth century on.
Theophoric Names in the “Heavenly” Prologue of the Buryat Epic Cycle Geseriada
Authors:   Institute of Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies of the Siberian Branch of the RAS, Dugarov Bair S.
Published: December 2021

Amongst other epic interpretations of religious mythology, the famous poems of Homer and Hesiod certainly rank the highest. Hesiod’s Theogony can be considered the most complete and consistent source on the history and genealogy of the Greek gods, as well as the theophoric naming tradition related to the Olympic pantheon. Typologically, the same can be said about the Buryat epic cycle Geseriada which has a detailed prologue in each of its variants, describing the world of the higher deities of Buryat mythology or Tengris (from the Turkic-Mongolian Tengri ‘heaven, celestial’) in connection with the main character’s heavenly genesis. It brings to our attention the names of the celestials as such, totaling to a symbolic sacred number of 99 deities, of which (according to the dualistic principle) 55 are western gods, 44 are eastern ones. This paper gives the first look on the most characteristic theonyms within the pantheon, reflecting its uranic backbone and structure and also communicating the essence of this deity through its meaning and etymology. For example, the names suggest the importance of the large clan if the thunderstorm tengris, led by Huhedei Mergen ‘Heavenly Shooter,’ whose name reflects the status of the Thunderer. It should be noted that many epithets of Tengris have later evolved into separate name variants. In this vein, the epithets altan ‘golden,’ shara ‘yellow,’ dulete ‘fiery’ indicate their belonging to the class of solar deities. The most archaic layer of names associates with the eastern gods of matriarchal origin, attributed to the celestials of the older generation. There are also Turkic names in the pantheon, most likely, dating back to the ancient times of the Turkic-Mongolian ethnolinguistic community.
Clinical impact of the Model for End Liver Disease (MELD) score on the presence of microvascular invasion and on the postoperative outcome in patients undergoing liver transplantation
Authors: BARBOSA BRAINNER CAMPOS , SANTOS LEANDRO AUGUSTO RODRIGUES , DAHER GUSTAVO HENRIQUE RASSI MAHAMED , MARTINS DANIEL LAHAN , PERALES SIMONE REGES , GALLANI STEPHANIS KILARIS , COSTA LARISSA BASTOS ELOY DA , LAGO EDUARDO ANDREAZZA DAL , BOIN IIKA DE FÁTIMA SANTANTA FERREIRA , CASERTA NELSON MARCIO GOMES , ATAÍDE ELAINE CRISTINA DE
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: to correlate clinical and epidemiological data with the pathological analysis of liver explants from patients undergoing liver transplantation for hetapocarcinoma in the UNICAMP HC and to verify whether the MELD and MELD-Na scores are reliable factors to predict a worse post-transplant prognosis. Methods: we studied liver transplants carried out between May 2010 and November 2017. After excluding 38 patients, we included 87, analyzing clinical and laboratory data for correlation with the outcome Microvascular Invasion (MVI). Subsequently, we computed the MELD and MELD-Na scores and performed a descriptive analysis of clinical and laboratory data and, finally, calculated ROC curves to assess the association between these laboratory parameters and mortality in these patients. Results: most patients were male (78.30%), with an average age of 58.53 years. Most liver diseases were caused by HCV (53.26%). We found no predictors for MVI among the laboratory parameters. The ROC curves for death identified the MELD score as the cutoff point with the highest combined sensitivity (90.91%) and specificity (37.50%), with a value of 10 points, whereas in the MELD-Na the cutoff point was 7 points, with a sensitivity of 90.91% and a specificity of 33.33%, both scores being significant. Conclusions: there were no reliable predictors of MVI between clinical, laboratory, and epidemiological variables. The MELD-Na score is more sensitive than the MELD one for predicting mortality in patients undergoing liver transplantation.
FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES E O ESTÁGIO SUPERVISIONADO: TECENDO DIÁLOGOS, MEDIANDO A APRENDIZAGEM
Authors: CORRÊA CINTIA CHUNG MARQUES
Published: December 2021

RESUMO: O artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa por meio da qual estudamos a articulação entre as instituições responsáveis pela formação de professores: a universidade e a escola. Entendemos que os estágios constituem aprendizagens orientadas por profissionais experientes a serem realizadas mediante atividades diretamente relacionadas aos contextos escolares e implicam na articulação entre a universidade e as escolas. Desta forma, buscamos compreender a percepção dos professores como co-formadores dos futuros professores e dos alunos como agentes partícipes das ações pedagógicas, sob a orientação do professor da universidade. Escolhemos como campo de pesquisa uma escola municipal da cidade de Petrópolis/RJ, considerada de prestígio por desenvolver práticas pedagógicas que se destacam. A fundamentação versou sobre as reflexões de Lüdke (2013) e Pimenta (2019) acerca do estágio nos cursos de formação de professores e a articulação entre as instituições envolvidas no processo. As ideias das autoras foram confrontadas com o discurso de professores e alunos coletados com o auxílio de entrevistas e observação in loco. A partir da abordagem qualitativa, para a realização dessa pesquisa, utilizamos como método de investigação o estudo de caso. Diante dos dados obtidos, concluímos que o estágio ocupa espaço fundamental para o encaminhamento do futuro profissional à formação prática e que a articulação entre universidade e escola se faz necessária para que os docentes do campo de estágio se percebam como co-formadores dos futuros professores e estes, como sujeitos ativos intermediados por profissionais mais experientes.
FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE NA ESCOLA E NA UNIVERSIDADE: CONTRIBUIÇÕES DAS NARRATIVAS (AUTO)BIOGRÁFICAS
Authors: BRAGANÇA INÊS FERREIRA DE SOUZA
Published: December 2021

RESUMO: O presente artigo socializa pesquisa que teve como objetivo refletir sobre concepções e práticas de formação docente, tematizando possíveis contribuições das narrativas (auto)biográficas, no âmbito da formação inicial de professoras/es, desenvolvida no curso de Pedagogia de uma universidade pública do estado de São Paulo, e da formação continuada, no contexto de escolas dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental da região metropolitana, no qual se insere a referida instituição. Foram levantadas as seguintes questões: como se delineiam concepções e práticas de formação inicial e continuada de professoras/es nos contextos de desenvolvimento da pesquisa? Quais as possíveis contribuições da elaboração e partilha de narrativas (auto)biográficas em processos de formação inicial e continuada? O referencial teórico-metodológico foi tecido no diálogo entre a abordagem de pesquisaformação narrativa (auto)biográfica e os estudos nosdoscom os cotidianos escolares, em um caminho que incluiu um inventário das práticas, memórias e políticas da formação de professoras/es, nos contextos de realização da pesquisa, e desenvolvimento de práticas de formação, ancoradas na abordagem narrativa (auto)biográfica em turmas de estágio supervisionado e nas escolas envolvidas. O desenvolvimento da pesquisaformação reafirma a potência da produção de saberes que se dá, no encontro e no diálogo, entre universidade e escola, bem como o papel das narrativas (auto)biográficas na mediação de um caminho reflexivo de partilha e construção coletiva do conhecimento pedagógico.
Expression analysis of transcription factors in sugarcane during cold stress
Authors: Rehman S. U. , Muhammad K. , Novaes E. , Que Y. , Din A. , Islam M. , Porto A. C. M. , Inamullah  , Sajid M. , Ullah N. , Iqsa S.
Published: December 2021

Abstract Transcription factors (TF) are a wide class of genes in plants, and these can regulate the expression of other genes in response to various environmental stresses (biotic and abiotic). In the current study, transcription factor activity in sugarcane was examined during cold stress. Initially, RNA transcript reads of two sugarcane cultivars (ROC22 and GT08-1108) under cold stress were downloaded from SRA NCBI database. The reads were aligned into a reference genome and the differential expression analyses were performed with the R/Bioconductor edgeR package. Based on our analyses in the ROC22 cultivar, 963 TF genes were significantly upregulated under cold stress among a total of 5649 upregulated genes, while 293 TF genes were downregulated among a total of 3,289 downregulated genes. In the GT08-1108 cultivar, 974 TF genes were identified among 5,649 upregulated genes and 283 TF genes were found among 3,289 downregulated genes. Most transcription factors were annotated with GO categories related to protein binding, transcription factor binding, DNA-sequence-specific binding, transcription factor complex, transcription factor activity in RNA polymerase II, the activity of nucleic acid binding transcription factor, transcription corepressor activity, sequence-specific regulatory region, the activity of transcription factor of RNA polymerase II, transcription factor cofactor activity, transcription factor activity from plastid promoter, transcription factor activity from RNA polymerase I promoter, polymerase II and RNA polymerase III. The findings of above results will help to identify differentially expressed transcription factors during cold stress. It also provides a comprehensive analysis of the regulation of the transcription activity of many genes. Therefore, this study provides the molecular basis for improving cold tolerance in sugarcane and other economically important grasses.
Chemical characterization and effects of volatile oil of Alpinia zerumbet on the quality of collagen deposition and caveolin-1 expression in a muscular fibrosis murine model
Authors: Batista T. S. C. , Barros G. S. , Damasceno F. C. , Cândido E. A. F. , Batista M. V. A.
Published: December 2021

Abstract This study evaluated the effect of the volatile oil of Alpinia zerumbet (VOAz) on caveolin-1 gene expression and muscular fibrosis. The rats were immobilized to induce fibrosis of the gastrocnemius muscle, and they were treated with VOAz. Collagen quality was assessed by histology and the expression of the caveolin-1 (CAV-1) gene was evaluated using qPCR. Histomorphological analysis indicated a significant reduction in the perimeter, width, and intensity of collagen in the treated groups, thus showing that the oil was effective in regulating the quality of collagen at the three concentrations. The results of expression levels suggested a decrease in the lesioned group and in two treatment groups (0.0115 µg/g and 0.009 µg/g). However, with the lowest concentration (0.0065 µg/g), no significant difference was observed, with levels similar to those found in healthy tissue. Therefore, the results showed that VOAz has the potential to be a non-invasive and low-cost alternative to aid in the treatment of muscular fibrosis.
Drifting in a free-flowing river: Distribution of fish eggs and larvae in a small tributary of a Neotropical reservoir
Authors: Azevedo-Santos Valter M. , Daga Vanessa S. , Pelicice Fernando M. , Henry Raoul
Published: December 2021

Abstract: We investigated spatial and temporal variations in the distribution of fish eggs and larvae in the Guareí River, a free-flowing tributary located in the upper section of the Jurumirim Reservoir, Paranapanema River, Brazil. Fish eggs and larvae were sampled ~ fortnightly from November 2017 to March 2018 (Cycle 1), and from November 2018 to March 2019 (Cycle 2), at three sites distributed along the entire course of the Guareí River. We collected 859 fish eggs and 1,340 larvae, comprising 19 taxa. We found reproductive activity of several fish species in the Guareí River, including long-distance migrants. However, there was no spatial differences in the assemblage structure and densities of fish eggs and larvae along the channel of Guareí River. We recorded temporal differences in larvae density only in Cycle 2. The consistent capture of fish eggs and larvae in two reproductive cycles is strong evidence that this river is a spawning site for a variety of fish species. Thus, we recommend maintaining its natural flow regime.
Antioxidant capacity, reproductive response and glucose concentration and insulin of ewes supplemented prior to insemination with orange residue
Authors: Rodríguez-Magadán H.M. , Salinas-Rios T. , Hernández-Bautista J. , Cadena-Villegas S. , Pérez J. Herrera- , Nieto-Aquino R. , Marín-Sánchez J.
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT The objective was to evaluate the antioxidant capacity, glucose and insulin concentration and reproductive performance of ewes supplemented with orange residue prior to insemination. Fifty-five multiparous ewes were divided into two corrals, and 15 unbred ewes were kept individually to measure feed consumption. Two integral diets were administered; T0: control treatment and T1: with 20% of dry matter of orange residue. Ten days after the start of supplementation, the ewes were synchronized. Supplementation was finalized prior to artificial insemination, then, a blood sample was taken to measure the antioxidant capacity and glucose and insulin concentration. An analysis of variance was made to evaluate the effect of treatment on the antioxidant capacity, glucose and insulin; and to analyze the response to estrus, percentage of gestation and prolificity a ji squared test was performed. Of 9 antioxidant compounds found in the orange residue, hesperidin (7.44%), chlorogenic acid (0.50%) and protocatechuic acid had the highest concentration. Feed intake, estrus response, percentage of gestation, antioxidant capacity, and glucose and insulin concentration were not affected by the treatment. It is concluded that inclusion of 20% of orange residue in the diet prior to insemination in ewes is possible.
Morphogenesis of stockpiled Marandu, Piatã, Xaraés and Paiaguás brachiariagrass cultivars
Authors: Santos M.E.R. , Ferreira I.C. , Carvalho B.H.R. , Rocha G.O. , Borges G.S. , Oliveira D.M.
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT The objective this study was to identify differences in the morphogenic patterns of four Urochloa brizantha cultivars (marandu, piatã, xaraés and paiaguás grasses) during the stockpiling period. A completely randomized design was used, with three replications, in experimental plots of 9m². The evaluations took place over 2 years. The grasses were stockpiled for 92 (Year 1) and 95 (Year 2) days. The leaf appearance rate of paiaguás grass was higher, compared to other grasses. In Year 1, the stem elongation rate of xaraés grass was higher than other grasses. At the end of stockpiling period of Year 1, the tiller population density (TPD) was higher in the paiaguás grass, intermediate in the xaraés and marandu grasses and lower in the piatã grass. At the end of the stockpiling period in Year 2, TPD was higher in the paiaguás grass canopy, intermediate in the marandu and piatã grasses canopies, and lower in the xaraés grass canopy. Paiaguás grass has greater leaf growth during the stockpiling period and is therefore suitable for use under stockpiled grazing. Xaraés grass has high stem elongation during the stockpiling period, which is why its use under stockpiled grazing must be accompanied by adjustments in pasture management.
Stress induced by pre-slaughter farm conditions in pigs
Authors: Rusu R.O. , Ailincai L.I. , Malancus R.N.
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT Cortisol is a steroid hormone, one of the glucocorticoids, made in the cortex of the adrenal glands and then released into the blood, which transports it in the entire body. Almost every cell contains receptors for cortisol and so cortisol can have lots of different actions depending on which sort of cells it is acting upon. These effects include controlling the body’s blood sugar levels and thus regulating metabolism, acting as an anti-inflammatory product, controlling salt and water balance and influencing blood pressure. The study was conducted over a period of 3 months, between March-August 2020, in 2 swine farms in Iasi county, Romania, on a total of 46 pigs, 3 to 4 months old, both males and females, in order to investigate stress levels in finishing facilities. The study revealed higher levels of cortisol while eosinophil counts severely decreased, changes which are associated with a strong reaction to stress for individuals that were housed in finishing facilities.
Estimation of genetic parameters and relationships between type traits and milk yield of Holstein cows in Turkey
Authors: Ermetin O. , Dağ B.
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT In this study, milk yield, reproductive yield, and type traits of 533 Holstein cows in the first lactation raised in 54 farms were examined. In the three-year study, phenotypic (rP) and genetic (rG) correlations between type traits and milk yield were estimated based on the variance elements and heritability of the type traits of Holstein cows in the first lactation. Linear identification and scoring systems have been applied to classify the cows according to type traits. Heritability and correlations were estimated with ASREML models. The type traits included stature, angularity, rump width, hocks, rear udder height, central ligament, teat length, body capacity, feet and legs, udder composite and final score for genetic correlations with 305-day milk yield were estimated as -0.49, -0.14, -0.93, 0.35, 0.40, 0.11, -0.65, 0.70, 0.31, 0.54, and 0.70, for phenotypic correlations were estimated as 0.28, 0.28, 0.30, 0.21, 0.35, 0.39, -0.06, 0.46, 0.48, 0.56, and 0.58 respectively. Among the phenotypic correlations between the type traits, especially the phenotypic correlations between the final score and various type traits were found to be high and significant. The fact that these traits are in high correlation with other traits and milk yield may enable these to be used as indirect selection criteria in the selection for milk yield.
Aprendendo a maquiar as hierarquias: corpo “ocidental” e o “oriental” nos cursos de maquiagem da comunidade brasileira no Japão
Authors: Watarai Tamaki
Published: December 2021

Resumo A partir da pesquisa de campo realizada com as imigrantes brasileiras no Japão que aspiram a trabalhar como maquiadoras, descrevo os processos em que “o corpo brasileiro” se apresenta como o “ocidental” em comparação com o “oriental”. Nesse processo, é criada uma nova hierarquia, que coloca as brasileiras em um patamar superior ao das japonesas, contrária à hierarquia econômica existente entre os dois países e a de classe social, na qual as brasileiras são menos favorecidas. Este artigo tenta captar como a produção desse “corpo brasileiro”, que se entrelaça com consumo, classe social, gênero e raça, cria entre essas imigrantes uma tentativa de inversão da posição subordinada ocupada por elas no Japão e compreender quais são os efeitos dessa produção em suas subjetividades.