bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Practice variation in induction of labour: women’s role in the decision-making process
Authors: Brabers Anne E. M. , Haaren–Ten Haken Tamar M. Van , Keulen Judit K. J. , Offerhaus Pien M. , Nieuwenhuijze Marianne J. , de Jong Judith D.
Published: February 2025

In the Netherlands, percentages of induction of labour (IOL) range from 14.3 to 41.1% in regional maternity care networks (MCNs). In this study, we focus on women’s contribution in explaining this variation in range. We examine if different factors at the level of the individual woman (micro) and the level of the woman’s social context (meso) are related to decision-making on IOL, and the variation. We used an online questionnaire inviting women counselled for IOL (n = 180, response rate 40%) from six different MCNs, three with a high and three with a low percentage of IOL. Factors included are, for example, attitude towards birth, reason for IOL, and social norms. Descriptive statistics and regression analyses were performed to examine the relation between the included factors and the intended decision on IOL. Our results show that only the factor women’s attitude towards birth is related to the intended decision on IOL. The more women believe that birth is a medical process, the higher the odds that the intended decision is to induce labour. This may contribute to variation in IOL between individual women, but appears to contribute less to variation in IOL between MCNs. This is because the percentages of women with an intended decision for IOL do not differ within MCNs with a low or high percentage of IOL. A next step in explaining practice variation, is to examine mechanisms at the level of the individual healthcare provider (micro) and the MCN (meso).
Reading With Care: A Distributed Perspective on Reading Digitally Mediated Text in Healthcare
Authors: Simonsen Line Maria
Published: February 2025

Digitalization strategies often encourage technical interconnectedness and coherence to ensure professional collaboration and quality in patient care. However, how care is configured when professionals work with digitally mediated forms of communication is complex. The aim with this paper is to show how the complexity of health professional work and communication is mediated by the example of email communication. Specifically, this paper unfolds how the process of reading a digital correspondence, that is, a secure form of email communication in a Danish nursing home, emerges. Focusing on a case of reading shows the complexity of professional work with digital communication technologies and how care is embedded and enacted in everyday interactions between the care staff at the home. The case encourages reflection beyond technologies’ functional opportunities that often are emphasized in healthcare reforms. A distributed perspective on reading and the process of reading are investigated. The paper finds that reading digitally mediated text involves embodiment and context-sensitivity that are coordinated with care. The implications of the case described are relevant to digital health research, fields associated with health technology assessments, and clinical practice.
Green ferrocement: integrating pozzolanic waste for sustainable and cost–effective construction
Authors: Fahim Nafis Shahid , Billah A K M Masum , Dash Rikha , Rahman Sanjida , Akter Mst. Sumaiya , Rashid Sumaiya , Hossain Md. Altaf
Published: February 2025

The rapid rise in cement prices and the environmental consequences associated with cement production have raised an urge to look for an alternative to cement. There is an increasing need to recycle waste while minimizing environmental impact. This research aimed to develop affordable and sustainable construction elements by using waste materials as a partial substitute for cement. The goal was to lower construction costs, and reduce environmental impact, all while maintaining the structural integrity of the slabs. M15-grade cement mortar was used in the experimental study, with 15% of the cement replaced by waste with pozzolanic characteristics. A constant water–cement ratio of 0.45 was maintained throughout. The specimens were tested, and the results were compared to control specimens to evaluate the impact of waste incorporation on structural performance, weight reduction, and cost–effectiveness. Experimental testing revealed varying outcomes depending on the type of waste material used. While the inclusion of waste materials generally reduced strength, brick powder retained 81.67% of the compressive strength, and ceramic tile powder maintained 78.76% of the flexural strength compared to the control. Sawdust, however, caused significant strength reductions, limiting its potential for structural use. A key finding is that the incorporation of waste materials led to a 6.13% reduction in the cost of construction elements. All waste materials contributed to considerable weight reductions, indicating lighter structures and potential savings in material and labor costs. The study demonstrates the potential for integrating pozzolanic waste into ferrocement technology, paving the way for more sustainable, lightweight, and cost–effective building materials.
The Digital Services Act in the European periphery: Critical perspectives on EU digital regulation
Authors: Orlando-Salling Jennifer
Published: February 2025

As the EU is positioned, and positions itself, as a global leader in digital regulation, it is more important than ever to challenge narratives that flatten disparities within the bloc. In this paper, I seek to problematise the perception of the European Union as the homogenous bloc sometimes alluded to, and even outwardly projected, in discussions about a ‘Brussels Effect’ in digital regulation. Using the EU Digital Services Act as a prism, I draw attention to the legal, political, social, and cultural variation within the EU and, crucially, the inter-state power dynamics and disparities that shape the development and implementation of EU digital regulation. Building on scholarship related to core-periphery dependencies within the EU and extending burgeoning critical methods in EU legal studies, leaning on decolonial approaches, I offer a foundational analysis of the DSA’s preliminary stages of the implementation of the EU Digital Services Act.

Calling for different comparative counterpoints to those routinely used in EU legal studies and digital regulation, this article presents a rare insight into the process from the perspective of the EU’s smallest member state, Malta, a former British colony considered part of the EU’s southern periphery that acceded in 2004. In this paper, I argue that, within the EU’s borders, the belief that we are moving toward increased harmonisation and standardisation in the realm of digital rights is, in practice, questionable. I underline that any meaningful assessment of the Digital Services Act’s overall success must pay close attention to the regulation’s tangible impacts (and shortcomings) from the perspective of ‘peripheral’ EU states.
Psychological Egoism and Ought-Implies-Can: What Do They Entail?
Authors: Tilley John J.
Published: February 2025

A common assumption is that psychological egoism, the view that a person can do an act only if she believes that the act is in her interest, combined with ought-implies-can, the view that a person morally ought to do an act only if she can do it, entails the view – call it OIB – that a person morally ought to do an act only if she believes that the act is in her interest. I argue that psychological egoism and ought-implies-can, interpreted fairly, use “can” in different ways; consequently, they do not entail OIB. They entail something similar to OIB, but not OIB itself. From these facts several significant results follow, each concerning arguments or assumptions about psychological, ethical, or rational egoism. For instance, they undermine the view that psychological egoism rules out those other two forms of egoism.
Seed persistence and germination strategies of Carajasia cangae (Rubiaceae): an endemic forb from the Amazon ironstone outcrop
Authors: Escobar Diego F. , Zupo Talita , Carvalho Carolina da Silva , Watanabe Mauricio T. Coutinho , Caldeira Cecílio F.
Published: February 2025

Seed persistence, desiccation tolerance, and dormancy play a crucial role in plant population and community dynamics. However, these life-history traits remain largely understudied in perennial herbaceous species, particularly in tropical ecosystems. We evaluated the seed storage behaviour, potential longevity, soil seed bank, seed dormancy alleviation in the field and the effects of after-ripening temperature and time on seed dormancy alleviation in Carajasia cangae – an endangered perennial forb endemic to the ironstone outcrops of the Eastern Amazon. We performed germination experiments to examine the effect of storage conditions (−20, 5 and 28°C, as well as field storage) and time on seed viability, mean germination time and percentage. Our results suggested that C. cangae seeds form a transient soil seed bank and show orthodox storage behaviour. The seeds' longevity was favoured in all controlled storage conditions in relation to soil-stored seeds (field). However, the marked loss of seed viability in less than 1 year, regardless of storage condition, indicates a low potential for long-term germplasm conservation through seed banking. Seed dormancy was fully alleviated after 3 months of field storage during the dry season. Moreover, seeds stored for 6 months at 28°C had their dormancy partially alleviated, indicating that environmental conditions found throughout the dry season in the species habitat are required to alleviate its seed dormancy. A transient seed bank type is favoured by predictable seasonal variations in climate in the region, species iteroparity and seed dormancy alleviation during the dry season, which delays germination until the onset of the next rainy season.
Climate Effects in Environmental Impact Assessment
Authors: Mayer Benoit
Published: February 2025

This article analyzes the application of environmental impact assessment as a tool for climate change mitigation from a global comparative perspective. It firstly confirms that, despite persistent resistance in a few jurisdictions, climate effect assessment is now widely applied on a global scale. Yet the article also shows that this practice has faced recurrent practical and conceptual issues, in particular, concerning the determination of the significance of a project’s climate effect and the assessment of indirect effects. Lastly, this article assesses how states have addressed these issues and identifies good practices. In doing so, the article illustrates the potential of functionalist comparative analysis in advancing our understanding of climate law and suggesting policy-relevant conclusions.
Variable Tidal Amplitude in Hawaiʻi and the Connection to Pacific Decadal Climate Variability
Authors: Devlin Adam T. , Thompson Phillip R. , Jay David A. , Zaron Edward D.
Published: February 2025

Analysis of multidecadal tide records, satellite altimetry, and high‐resolution oceanic reanalysis around the Hawaiian Ridge identifies correlations between offshore and onshore mean sea level (MSL), the M2 tide, and ocean stratification; these are linked to Pacific decadal climate variability. Empirical orthogonal function analyses reveal strongly correlated quasi‐decadal variability in onshore and offshore tides and MSL, and all three factors are highly correlated with regional density stratification. This decadal variability is highly correlated with multiple Pacific climate indices, suggesting that this climate variability influences internal tides via coupled ocean‐atmosphere mechanisms. The surface expression of variations in the M2 internal tide yield correlated variability between MSL and M2 offshore and onshore. The M2 signals at all tide gauges have stronger relationships to MSL in the altimetry era (1992–2023) than their respective full records, and both factors show stronger connections to climate variations in recent years. The magnitudes of the climate‐induced tidal variations are on the order of 10% on top of MSL variability and long‐term steric sea level rise. This amplification may exacerbate the frequency of high‐tide flooding (also known as “sunny‐day flooding”) in harbors and other low‐lying areas of Hawai'i, highlighting the need for dynamic coastal management strategies that integrate astronomical, nonastronomical, and climatic factors in sea level projections.
PDO Modulates Co‐Occurring Summertime Marine Heatwaves in the Extratropical North Pacific and Atlantic
Authors: Dong Menghao , Sun Cheng , Wei Tian , Guo Zijing , Lou Wei , Song Zichen , Shi Linfeng
Published: February 2025

Marine heatwaves (MHWs), defined as extreme sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies, significantly impact marine ecosystems and regional climate. While past research has focused on the regional driver, this study reveals a novel co‐occurrence phenomenon between the northwest Pacific (NWP) and northwest Atlantic (NWA) during summer seasons (JJAS) from 1982 to 2022. We find significant correlations in MHW occurrence and intensity across these regions using three independent SST data sets. Concurrent high‐pressure anomalies, reducing cloud cover and enhancing net shortwave radiation, are identified as the key driver of this co‐occurrence. The Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO) emerges as the large‐scale modulator. During negative PDO phases, tropical Pacific cooling weakens the meridional temperature gradient and westerlies around 30°N, inducing anomalous easterlies and subtropical high pressure. The Coriolis effect steers these easterly anomalies southward, generating anomalous southerlies and upper tropospheric convergence, ultimately triggering strong mid‐latitude subsidence. This co‐occurrence of high pressure and subsidence leads to reduced cloud cover, and amplified net shortwave radiation, driving rapid SST warming and the observed co‐occurring MHWs in the NWP and NWA. Our North Pacific pacemaker experiment successfully replicates these PDO‐induced features, including anomalous easterlies, high‐pressure systems, and vertical motions in the subtropics, providing strong support for the proposed mechanisms. This study emphasizes the significant role of large‐scale atmospheric‐ocean teleconnections in shaping basin‐scale MHW co‐occurrence.
Epigenomics and transcriptomics association study of blood pressure and incident diagnosis of hypertension in twins
Authors: Skovgaard Asmus Cosmos , Nejad Afsaneh M. , Beck Hans Christian , Tan Qihua , Soerensen Mette
Published: February 2025

Hypertension is the most frequent health-related condition worldwide and is a primary risk factor for renal and cardiovascular diseases. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are still poorly understood. To uncover these mechanisms, multi-omics studies have significant potential, but such studies are challenged by genetic and environmental confounding – an issue that can be effectively reduced by studying intra-pair differences in twins. Here, we coupled data on hypertension diagnoses from the nationwide Danish Patient Registry to a study population of 740 twins for whom genome-wide DNA methylation and gene expression data were available together with measurements of systolic and diastolic blood pressure. We investigated five phenotypes: incident hypertension cases, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, hypertension (140/90 mmHg), and hypertension (130/80 mmHg). Statistical analyses were performed using Cox (incident cases) or linear (remaining) regression analyses at both the individual-level and twin pair-level. Significant genes (p < 0.05) at both levels and in both types of biological data were investigated by bioinformatic analyses, including gene set enrichment analysis and interaction network analysis. Overall, most of the identified pathways related to the immune system, particularly inflammation, and biology of vascular smooth muscle cell. Of specific genes, lysine methyltransferase 2 A (KMT2A) was found to be central for incident hypertension, ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) for systolic blood pressure, and beta-actin (ACTB) for diastolic blood pressure. Noteworthy, lysine methyltransferase 2A (KMT2A) was also identified in the systolic and diastolic blood pressure analyses. Here, we present novel biomarkers for hypertension. This study design is surprisingly rare in the field of hypertension.
Time-resolved oxidative signal convergence across the algae–embryophyte divide
Authors: Rieseberg Tim P. , Dadras Armin , Darienko Tatyana , Post Sina , Herrfurth Cornelia , Fürst-Jansen Janine M. R. , Hohnhorst Nils , Petroll Romy , Rensing Stefan A. , Pröschold Thomas , de Vries Sophie , Irisarri Iker , Feussner Ivo , de Vries Jan
Published: February 2025

The earliest land plants faced a significant challenge in adapting to environmental stressors. Stress on land is unique in its dynamics, entailing swift and drastic changes in light and temperature. While we know that land plants share with their closest streptophyte algal relatives key components of the genetic makeup for dynamic stress responses, their concerted action is little understood. Here, we combine time-course stress profiling using photophysiology, transcriptomics on 2.7 Tbp of data, and metabolite profiling analyses on 270 distinct samples, to study stress kinetics across three 600-million-year-divergent streptophytes. Through co-expression analysis and Granger causal inference we predict a gene regulatory network that retraces a web of ancient signal convergences at ethylene signaling components, osmosensors, and chains of major kinases. These kinase hubs already integrated diverse environmental inputs since before the dawn of plants on land.
Parallel circuit implementation of variational quantum algorithms
Authors: Cattelan Michele , Yarkoni Sheir , Lechner Wolfgang
Published: February 2025

We present a framework to split quantum circuits of variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) to allow for parallel training and execution to solve problems larger than the number of available qubits in a quantum device. We apply this method to combinatorial optimization problems, where inherent structures can be identified, and show how to implement these parallelized quantum circuits. We show how to formulate an objective function for the classical optimizer to guide the optimization towards meaningful solutions. We test our framework by creating a parallelized version of the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm and a variational version of quantum annealing and explain how our framework applies to other quantum optimization algorithms. We provide results obtained both from simulation and experiments on real hardware. Our results show that the information lost by splitting the quantum circuits can be partially recovered by optimizing a global objective function evaluated with the separate circuit samples.
Durability and microstructure of polymer-based cement joint sealant
Authors: Chen Tao , Wang Zhihang , Qin Pengfei , Fu Libin , Wang Wenjing , Bai Erlei
Published: February 2025

To promote the engineering application of polymer-based cement joint sealant (PCJS), the durability of PCJS was studied by testing the bonding, tensile and shear properties of PCJS under different service conditions. The results show that PCJS has excellent water resistance, acid/alkali corrosions resistance, UV aging resistance and low temperature resistance. The retention rate of bonding property of PCJS can achieve 85%. After water soaking, dry–wet cycle, acid/alkali corrosion, the retention rates of tensile and shear properties of PCJS can achieve 80%. After UV aging and low temperature treatment, the tensile and shear properties of PCJS are improved. After gasoline corrosion and high temperature treatment, the retention rates of tensile and shear properties of PCJS exhibit larger than 60%. The durability indexes of PCJS fulfill the technical requirements, and PCJS exhibits even more superior properties. Consequently, PCJS can be applied to joint engineering of cement concrete pavement.
Enhanced therapeutic efficacy of Eupolyphaga sinensis Walker in females through sex-specific metabolomic-pharmacodynamic divergence
Authors: Fei Chenghao , Zou Jie , Yang Zhaorui , Chang Huaiyang , Lu Lixian , Zhao Kun , Shi Hongzhuan
Published: February 2025

Eupolyphaga sinensis Walker (ESW), a medicinal insect used in traditional Chinese medicine, is renowned for its effects on blood circulation, stasis resolution, and bone and tendon healing. The underlying reasons for the clinical preference for female ESW remain unclear. Previous investigations were limited in scope, focusing narrowly on female specimens, large-molecule compounds, and single pharmacological effect. This study systematically compared female and male ESW in terms of composition and therapeutic efficacy. Metabolomics identified 31 compound types in both female and male ESW, including lipids, amino acids, and fatty acids. Female ESW exhibited significantly higher levels of 8 bioactive compounds, 15 small peptides, and 13 prostaglandins compared to male ESW, which contribute to immunity enhancement, antithrombotic effects, and improved bone metabolism. These differences may underlie the superior medicinal efficacy of female ESW. In the thrombosis model, ESW can cause vasodilation, reduce blood cell aggregation and thrombosis rate of mice tails. It also improved t-PA levels, prolonged APTT, and enhanced hepatic SOD activity, with female ESW showing stronger effects on MDA and D2D levels, indicating its stronger ability to protect cells from damage and fibrinolytic effect. In the osteoporosis model, ESW increased femur length, liver, and thymus indices while regulating serum BALP and Mg levels. Female ESW notably reduced TRACP-5b, OT/BGP, P, and Cu to normal levels, indicating its stronger ability to improved bone metabolism, corrected disturbances in calcium-phosphorus metabolism, and regulated serum inorganic elements. Overall, female ESW exhibited a greater abundance of bioactive components and demonstrated superior anti-thrombotic and anti-osteoporotic effects. These findings highlight the superior therapeutic effects of female ESW due to its enriched bioactive components, supporting its clinical preference while underscoring the potential of male ESW for uilization of resource.
Long term outcomes of patients with chronic kidney disease after COVID-19 in an urban population in the Bronx
Authors: Lu Jason Y. , Lu Justin Y. , Wang Stephen , Duong Katie S. , Henry Sonya , Fisher Molly C. , Duong Tim Q.
Published: February 2025

We investigated the long-term kidney and cardiovascular outcomes of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) after COVID-19. Our retrospective cohort consisted of 834 CKD patients with COVID-19 and 6,167 CKD patients without COVID-19 between 3/11/2020 to 7/1/2023. Multivariate competing risk regression models were used to estimate risk (as adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI)) of CKD progression to a more advanced stage (Stage 4 or 5) and major adverse kidney events (MAKE), and risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) at 6-, 12-, and 24-month follow up. Hospitalized COVID-19 patients at 12 and 24 months (aHR 1.62 95% CI[1.24,2.13] and 1.76 [1.30, 2.40], respectively), but not non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients, were at higher risk of CKD progression compared to those without COVID-19. Both hospitalized and non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients were at higher risk of MAKE at 6-, 12- and 24-months compared to those without COVID-19. Hospitalized COVID-19 patients at 6-, 12- and 24-months (aHR 1.73 [1.21, 2.50], 1.77 [1.34, 2.33], and 1.31 [1.05, 1.64], respectively), but not non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients, were at higher risk of MACE compared to those without COVID-19. COVID-19 increases the risk of long-term CKD progression and cardiovascular events in patients with CKD. These findings highlight the need for close follow up care and therapies that slow CKD progression in this high-risk subgroup.
Development of a new hybrid model to enhance streamflow estimation using artificial neural network and reptile search algorithm
Authors: Bahmani Mohammad Javad , Kayhomayoon Zahra , Milan Sami Ghordoyee , Hassani Farhad , Malekpoor Mohammadreza , Berndtsson Ronny
Published: February 2025

A new metaheuristic optimizer combined with artificial neural networks is proposed for streamflow prediction. Hence, the study aimed to forecast monthly streamflow of the main rivers in Urmia, Iran, by considering data shortage and using artificial neural network (ANN) models. By combining three variables: temperature, precipitation, and streamflow, we formulated five patterns, where 70% of the data were used for model training, and 30% for model testing. To improve the performance of ANN, we evaluated a new optimization algorithm, reptile search algorithm (RSA), and compared the results with combinations of ANN, particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO), and whale optimization algorithm (WOA) models. The results of the ANN + RSA were promising at most stations and patterns. At Band station streamflow simulation testing gave RMSE, MAE, and NSE of 1.65, 1.21 MCM/month, and 0.80, respectively. At Babaroud station they were 4.01, 3.0 MCM/month and 0.68, respectively, at Nazlo station 5.62, 3.79 MCM/month, and 0.69, respectively, and at Tapik station 5.69, 3.82 MCM/month, and 0.59, respectively. However, the results of the ANN + PSO hybrid model were better than ANN + RSA. The impact of different parameters on the accuracy of streamflow prediction varied depending on model and streamflow station, indicating that the models do not perform consistently across different locations, times, and conditions. The inclusion of lagged monthly streamflow in the model was an influential input parameter. The results demonstrated that the new algorithm consistently improved predictions, enhancing the performance of traditional algorithms. The findings of this study highlight advantage of the ANN + RSA hybrid model for specific areas, suggesting its potential application in other similar hydrological problems for further validation.
Glucose-derived receptors for photo-controlled binding of amino acid esters in water
Authors: Most Mario M. , Boll Linus B. , Gödtel Peter , Pianowski Zbigniew L. , Lewandowski Bartosz
Published: February 2025

Selective receptors of amino acids in aqueous media are highly sought after as they may enable the creation of novel diagnostic and sensing tools. Photoswitchable receptors are particularly attractive for such purposes as their response and selectivity towards bioanalytes can be modulated using light. Herein we report glucose-based photoswitchable receptors of amino-acid methyl esters and biogenic amines in water. The tetra-ortho-fluoroazobenzene unit in the receptors structure allows to control the distance between their binding sites using light. The Z-isomers of both receptors, having these sites in closer proximity, bind lysine, ornithine and arginine esters significantly stronger compared to E-isomers, where the binding sites are further apart.
Targeting cIAP2 in a novel senolytic strategy prevents glioblastoma recurrence after radiotherapy
Authors: Tomimatsu Nozomi , Di Cristofaro Luis Fernando Macedo , Kanji Suman , Samentar Lorena , Jordan Benjamin Russell , Kittler Ralf , Habib Amyn A , Espindola-Netto Jair Machado , Tchkonia Tamara , Kirkland James L , Burns Terry C , Sarkaria Jann N , Gilbert Andrea , Floyd John R , Hromas Robert , Zhao Weixing , Zhou Daohong , Sung Patrick , Mukherjee Bipasha , Burma Sandeep
Published: February 2025

Glioblastomas (GBM) are routinely treated with high doses of ionizing radiation (IR), yet these tumors recur quickly, and the recurrent tumors are highly therapy resistant. Here, we report that IR-induced senescence of tumor cells counterintuitively spurs GBM recurrence, driven by the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). We find that irradiated GBM cell lines and patient derived xenograft (PDX) cultures senesce rapidly in a p21-dependent manner. Senescent glioma cells upregulate SASP genes and secrete a panoply of SASP factors, prominently interleukin IL-6, an activator of the JAK-STAT3 pathway. These SASP factors collectively activate the JAK-STAT3 and NF-κB pathways in non-senescent GBM cells, thereby promoting tumor cell proliferation and SASP spreading. Transcriptomic analyses of irradiated GBM cells and the TCGA database reveal that the cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein 2 (cIAP2), encoded by the BIRC3 gene, is a potential survival factor for senescent glioma cells. Senescent GBM cells not only upregulate BIRC3 but also induce BIRC3 expression and promote radioresistance in non-senescent tumor cells. We find that second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases (SMAC) mimetics targeting cIAP2 act as novel senolytics that trigger apoptosis of senescent GBM cells with minimal toxicity towards normal brain cells. Finally, using both PDX and immunocompetent mouse models of GBM, we show that the SMAC mimetic birinapant, administered as an adjuvant after radiotherapy, can eliminate senescent GBM cells and prevent the emergence of recurrent tumors. Taken together, our results clearly indicate that significant improvement in GBM patient survival may become possible in the clinic by eliminating senescent cells arising after radiotherapy.
In situ sorbent formation dispersive solid phase extraction for multi-elemental analysis: a new approach using cyclen and a magnetic ionic liquid
Authors: Abed Altuwaijari Hasanain Najm , Afshar Mogaddam Mohammad Reza , Farajzadeh Mir Ali , Sorouraddin Saeed Mohammad
Published: February 2025

This study introduces an in situ sorbent formation dispersive solid-phase extraction method for the simultaneous extraction and determination of seven metal ions (V, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb).
Development of a Force Field for ATP – How Charge Scaling Controls Self Association
Authors: Do Tuan Minh , Matubayasi Nobuyuki , Horinek Dominik
Published: February 2025

The discovery that ATP can prevent the aggregation of proteins and enhance their stability sparked significant interest in understanding the interactions between ATP and proteins. All-atom molecular dynamics simulations provide...
A framework for designing main-group single-molecule magnets
Authors: Mansikkamäki Akseli , Chekkottu Parambil Anand
Published: February 2025

A new theoretical, conceptual and chemical framework for the realization of single-molecule magnets based on p-block elements is constructed using computational and theoretical methods.
Homoleptic coordination polymers and complexes of transition metals with 2-(1,2,4-1H-triazol-3-yl) pyridine and tuning towards white-light emission
Authors: Seuffert Marcel T. , Sedykh Alexander E. , Schäfer Thomas C. , Becker Jonathan , Müller-Buschbaum Klaus
Published: February 2025

Fourteen new coordination compounds and polymers were synthesised, including 1∞[Zn(pt)2], which was tuned towards white light emission by intercalation of trivalent lanthanide ions.
Fast Li+ transport kinetics enabled by TiN nanofibers in hybrid polymer-based electrolytes for long-life Li metal batteries
Authors: Wu Yixin , Chen Zhen , Shi Kai , Wang Yang , Li Xian-Ao , Zhao Ziqi , Zhuang Quan , Wang Jian , Chen Minghua
Published: February 2025

Fibrous TiN fillers are incorporated into PVDF–HFP-based quasi-solid-state polymer electrolytes, serving multiple functions and significantly enhancing interfacial Li-ion transport kinetics, thereby ensuring stability over 3000 cycles at 2 C.
Greening two chemicals with one bio-alcohol: environmental and economic potential of dehydrogenation to hydrogen and acids
Authors: Lahrsen Inga-Marie , Bargiacchi Eleonora , Schilling Johannes , Bardow André
Published: February 2025

Hitting two targets with one arrow—assessing the benefit of co-producing hydrogen and acid from bio-alcohols.
Influence of bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) carbonate flame retarding co-solvent on interfacial chemistry in carbonate ester lithium-ion battery electrolytes
Authors: Shemirani Mohammad Baghban , Gebert Florian , Naylor Andrew J.
Published: February 2025

Addition of up to 70% bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) carbonate to conventional lithium-ion battery electrolytes results in flame-retardancy and improved performance.
Label-free detection of dam methyltransferase activity and inhibition via malachite green aptamer generated by T7 RNA polymerase
Authors: Gao Yifan , Zhang Wanqin , Si Jingyi , Shen Xizhong , Yao Qunyan , Zhu Changfeng
Published: February 2025

DNA methyltransferase (DNA MTase) catalyzes DNA methylation, which plays a crucial role in various biological processes such as chromatin assembly, aging, and tumorigenesis.
Comparison of polymer-coated, drug-eluting self-expandable metal stents for the potential treatment of gastrointestinal cancers
Authors: Arafat Mohammad , Wignall Anthony , Brewer Kyle , Song Yunmei , Albrecht Hugo , Prestidge Clive A. , Garg Sanjay , Blencowe Anton
Published: February 2025

Comparison of self-expanding oesophageal and colonic metal stents coated with a 5-fluorouracil-loaded polyurethane-silicone basecoat and poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) topcoat highlights the influence of the stent structure on the release profile.
Amphiphilic lysine-based glycopeptides exert antibacterial effects on Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Su Shan-Shan , An Chao-Na , Lin Gao-Juan , Li Hai-Qing , Yin Fangqian , Li Xiao-Liu , Wang Ke-Rang
Published: February 2025

Glycomimetic antibacterial agents based on carbohydrate-lectin interactions were developed, which showed potent antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa.
A carnitine-based BODIPY photosensitizer
Authors: Maierhofer Larissa , Prieto-Montero Ruth , Cubiella Tamara , Díaz-Andrés Aitor , Morales-Benítez Noelia , Casanova David , Martínez-Martínez Virginia , Chiara María-Dolores , Mann Enrique , Chiara Jose Luis
Published: February 2025

This study presents a novel BODIPY-carnitine probe with enhanced phototoxicity and dual organelle targeting, demonstrating significant efficacy in hypoxic tumor environments and offering a promising platform for advanced theranostic applications.
CO2 reduction to CO on an iron-porphyrin complex with crown-ether appended cation-binding site
Authors: Zhu Chengxu , Surendran Adarsh Koovakattil , D'Agostino Carmine , Roithová Jana , de Visser Sam P.
Published: February 2025

In this work a novel CO2 reduction catalyst is discussed that contains an iron-porphyrin complex with a K+ ion bound in the second coordination sphere, which assists with efficient proton delivery.
Study on mechanism of p-type conductivity and optical properties of β-Ga2O3 with P and Mg single and co-doping
Authors: Zhao Cui-Hua , wu hao , Li Linji , Chen Jianhua
Published: February 2025

The p-type Conductivity and optical properties of β-Ga2O3 with Mg and P single and co-doping were studied by using density functional theory (DFT). Four Mg and P single doped models...
From Ca3Be(SeO3)4 to SrBe(SeO3)2: Two Unprecedented Alkaline Earth Metal Beryllium Selenites with Large Band Gaps and Enhanced Birefringence
Authors: Wang Xinyi , Wen Xin , Yan Yuchen , Chen Jindong , Yang Guangsai , Peng Guang , Ye Ning
Published: February 2025

Beryllium-based selenite has rarely been reported. Herein, the first two alkaline earth metal beryllium-based selenites, Ca3Be(SeO3)4 and SrBe(SeO3)2, have been synthesized by a mild hydrothermal method. Both of them feature...
Deoxygenative ortho-benzylation of aryl iodides with benzyl alcohol via palladium/norbornene cooperative catalysis
Authors: Ling Shaowen , Zheng Shuaichen , Xu Baolong , Liu Hui , Li Xinjin , Sun Feng-Gang
Published: February 2025

We demonstrate a robust palladium/norbornene-catalyzed deoxygenative ortho-benzylation of aryl iodides with non-derivatized benzyl alcohol, which enables the assembly of various diarylmethanes.
Multifunctional dual-crosslinked Ti3C2Tx MXene-based hydrogels for wearable sensors with enhanced mechanical robustness and broadband microwave absorption
Authors: Su Chen , Li Mingyu , Zhang Shuai , Liu Weiqing , Wang Yuanzhang , Li Peipei , Feng Huanran , Yao Mingshui , Wu Weiwei , Zhang Lu
Published: February 2025

A novel dual-crosslinked Ti3C2Tx MXene-based hydrogel is developed with exceptional mechanical stretchability, ultra-high strain sensitivity, and broadband microwave absorption.
Trbp inhibits cardiac fibrosis through TGF-β pathway mediated crosstalk between cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts
Authors: Pan Bo , Hu Di , Lu Yao Wei , Luo Jing , Hu Xiao Hui , Guo Haipeng , Deng Rui , Liang Zhuomin , Wang Yi , Ma Qing , Mably John David , Tian Jie , Wang Da-Zhi
Published: February 2025

Cardiac remodeling in response to disease or tissue damage severely impairs heart function. Therefore, the description of the molecular mechanisms responsible is essential for the development of effective therapies. Trbp (Tarbp2) is a multi-functional RNA-binding protein (RBP) that is essential during heart development but its role in the adult heart and cardiac remodeling are unknown. We generated inducible conditional knockout mice to delete Trbp from cardiomyocytes in young adults (Trbp-cKOs). While Trbp-cKO mice did not display a detectable phenotype, under stress conditions induced by transverse aortic constriction (TAC) pressure overload, they rapidly developed severe heart failure; this was associated with maladaptive cardiac remodeling and increased interstitial fibrosis. RNA-seq revealed the induction of a fibrotic gene expression network and the TGF-β signaling pathway in Trbp-cKO hearts. In cultured neonatal rat ventricle cardiomyocytes (NRCMs), inhibition of Trbp resulted in an induction of the expression of both Tgfβ2 and Ltbp2; in contrast, Trbp overexpression repressed Tgfβ2 expression. Knockdown of Trbp in NRCMs that were co-cultured with neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts (NRCFs) resulted in an increase of fibrotic gene expression. However, knockdown of Trbp in NRCMs combined with knockdown of Tgfβ2 in NRCFs using the same co-culture system failed to induce the same change in fibrotic gene expression. These data provide evidence for a critical role for Trbp in regulating cardiac fibrosis during cardiac remodeling mediated by crosstalk between cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts. The link to TGF-β signaling also highlights its importance and reveals a novel approach to intervention through targeting of Trbp.
Skills Associated With Atypical Phonological Errors in English: A Scoping Review
Authors: Roepke Elizabeth
Published: February 2025

Purpose:

Few clinicians report incorporating error type in their assessment of speech sound disorders, despite research reporting differences between children who produce typical and atypical phonological errors. The purpose of this scoping review was to map what is currently known about the related skills of English-speaking children who produce typical versus atypical phonological errors in order to summarize currently available evidence for clinical decision making concerning atypical phonological errors.

Method:

A systematic search of databases was completed, including PubMed, Scopus, and APA PsycInfo. Studies that were published between 1985 and 2023, were peer-reviewed, and reported on a related skill for typical and atypical phonological errors were included. The scoping review was reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines.

Results:

Twenty-seven studies were included in the review. These studies were organized into six themes: persistence of speech errors, emergent literacy difficulties, executive function difficulties, language skills, speech perception and auditory processing, and motor skills. Atypical but not typical phonological errors were related to persistence of speech errors. Emergent literacy difficulties, particularly phonological awareness difficulties, and executive function difficulties were frequently reported to be associated with atypical but not typical phonological errors. Motor skills were similar for children who produced typical and atypical errors. More research is needed for speech perception, auditory processing, and language skills.

Conclusions:

Children who produce atypical phonological errors have different strengths and weaknesses in related skills than children who produce typical phonological errors. Children who produce atypical phonological errors may benefit from phonological awareness and/or early literacy assessments and intervention.
A biased dollar exchange model involving bank and debt with discontinuous equilibrium
Authors: Cao Fei , Reed Stephanie
Published: February 2025

In this work, we investigate a biased dollar exchange model with collective debt limit, in which agents picked at random (with a rate depending on the amount of dollars they have) give at random time a dollar to another agent being picked uniformly at random, as long as they have at least one dollar in their pockets or they can borrow a dollar from a central bank if the bank is not empty. This dynamics enjoys a mean-field type interaction and partially extends the recent work \cite{cao_uncovering_2022} on a related model. We perform a formal mean-field analysis as the number of agents grows to infinity and as a by-product we discover a two-phase (ODE) dynamics behind the underlying stochastic $N$-agents dynamics. Numerical experiments on the two-phase (ODE) dynamics are also conducted where we observe the convergence towards its unique equilibrium in the large time limit.
Antithrombotic Treatment for Left Ventricular Assist Devices: One Does Not Fit All
Authors: Scala Emmanuelle , Othenin-Girard Alexandra
Published: February 2025

As the prevalence of heart failure is increasing globally, left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) have become essential therapeutic options in managing advanced heart failure. This review explores the development of LVAD technology, with a focus on the shift from pulsatile to continuous-flow devices, particularly the HeartMate 3, the most advanced generation of LVADs. The evolution in design has significantly enhanced patient survival and quality of life. However, hemocompatibility-related adverse events (HRAEs)—such as pump thrombosis, ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes, and gastrointestinal bleeding—remain major clinical challenges. Striking the delicate balance between preventing thromboembolic events and minimizing hemorrhagic risks remains critical in LVAD patient management. Current therapeutic strategies typically involve long-term anticoagulation with vitamin K antagonists and antiplatelet therapy, though optimal management must be individualized based on patient-specific factors and device characteristics. Emerging alternatives, including low-dose anticoagulation, direct oral anticoagulants such as apixaban, and aspirin-free regimens, offer promising potential to reduce adverse outcomes. This review also highlights the role of innovative mechanical designs in minimizing shear stress and alternative treatments in preventing complications like gastrointestinal bleeding. Despite these advancements, personalized treatment strategies are critical, as no single therapeutic regimen fits all LVAD recipients. Ongoing research into both device technology and pharmacological therapies is essential to further reduce HRAEs and improve long-term outcomes for LVAD patients.
Guidance-Based Appropriateness of Hemostasis Testing in the Acute Setting
Authors: Devis Luigi , Arachchillage Deepa J. , Hardy Michael , Mansour Alexandre , Catry Emilie , Closset Mélanie , Gouin-Thibault Isabelle , Frere Corinne , Lecompte Thomas , Alberio Lorenzo , Cadamuro Janne , Lippi Giuseppe , Mullier François
Published: February 2025

In this review, we aim to highlight the extent of inappropriate hemostasis testing and provide practical guidance on how to prevent it. We will focus on the acute setting, including but not limited to the emergency department and intensive care unit. To this end, we will first discuss the significance of inappropriateness, in the general context of laboratory medicine. This includes acknowledging the importance of the phenomenon and attempting to define it. Next, we describe the harmful consequences of inappropriate testing. Finally, we focus on the inappropriate use of hemostasis testing in the acute setting. The second section describes how interventions―in particular, the implementation of guidance for testing—can efficiently reduce inappropriateness. In the third section, we summarize the available recommendations for rational use of hemostasis testing (platelet count, activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time/international normalized ratio, fibrinogen, thrombin time, D-dimer, anti-Xa assay, antithrombin, ADAMTS13 activity, antiheparin-PF4 antibodies, viscoelastometric tests, coagulation factors, and platelet function testing), as supported by guidelines, recommendations, and/or expert opinions. Overall, this review is intended to be a toolkit in the effort to promote the appropriate use of hemostasis testing. Hopefully, the new In Vitro Diagnostic Medical Device Regulation (EU) 2017/746 (IVDR) should help in improving the availability of evidence regarding clinical performance of hemostasis assays.
Diagnosis and management of early stages of ALD
Authors: Gratacós-Ginès Jordi , Alvarado-Tapias Edilmar , Marti-Aguado David , López-Pelayo Hugo , Bataller Ramon , Pose Elisa
Published: February 2025

Early forms of alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) include different stages in the progression of compensated liver disease ranging from steatosis to steatohepatitis and fibrosis. ALD has been classically diagnosed at advanced stages more frequently than other liver diseases. This fact probably contributed to the scarcity of studies on early forms of ALD. Recent studies have investigated the prevalence of early ALD in the general population and have described the natural history of alcohol-induced steatosis and fibrosis, which has been linked to worse prognosis compared to early stages of other chronic liver diseases. In addition, studies of screening and early diagnosis of ALD in at-risk populations have shown that these strategies allow early detection and intervention. Of note, up to 28% of the United States population has concurrent alcohol use and metabolic syndrome, and estimated prevalence of advanced fibrosis among heavy drinkers with metabolic syndrome has increased from 3% in the 1990s to more than 10% in the 2010s. Therefore, new challenges and treatment opportunities will emerge for patients with ALD. In this review, we provide an overview of the state of the art in early ALD, focusing on natural history, diagnosis and management, and provide insights into future perspectives.
Rhodium(III)-Catalyzed C–C Bond Formation by Direct C–H Activation
Authors: Luo Haiqing , Li Xiaolan
Published: February 2025

Transition-metal-catalyzed functionalizations of C–H bonds to construct C–C bonds represent an ideal route in the synthesis of valuable organic molecules. In particular, rhodium(III)-catalyzed C–H bond activation offers an attractive strategy due to its efficiency and step economy for direct functionalization in organic synthesis. Consequently, recent developments in this area have assured a high level of regioselectivity in C–H functionalization reactions. In this Account, we have summarized our recent achievements in the functionalizations of sp2- and sp3-C–H bonds using rhodium catalyst. The scope, limitation, and mechanism of these reactions have been described briefly.

1 Introduction

2 C–H Arylation

2.1 Aromatic C(sp2)–H Arylation

2.2 Benzylic C(sp3)–H Arylation

2.3 Olefinic C(sp2)–H Arylation

3 Olefinic C(sp2)–H Alkenylation and Alkylation

4 Olefinic C(sp2)–H Heteroarylation

5 Conclusion