bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Increasing the information superiority on the modern battlefield through the use of virtual reality systems
Authors: Rybak Łukasz , Dudczyk Janusz
Published: June 2019

In the article, the authors describe the potential of using virtual reality systems in the
aspect of increasing information superiority on the modern battlefield. The purpose of
the article is to identify virtual reality systems as a tool to support this process. At the
beginning, the authors present the genesis of virtual environments and they make a critical
analysis of several virtual reality simulators, which have been the subject of scientific
research in the last few years. In this way, the authors emphasise the dynamic development
of the ICT sector and the possibility of using its technical innovations to support military
operations. Next, the authors discuss data processing, which was correlated with the cycle
of strategic thinking. Presentation of the hierarchy of information in information systems
was the result of these analyses. In addition, the authors refer to the implementation of
the communication process in the context of maximising the information superiority. They
point to the relationship between the process of designing interactive virtual reality systems
and communication theory. Finally, they highlight the advantages and disadvantages
of virtual reality simulators in the context of increasing information superiority on the
modern battlefield.
Vulnerability analysis in critical infrastructures: A methodology
Authors: Ferreira António
Published: June 2019

Vulnerability assessment is a crucial aspect for the development of methodologies to define the levels of protection in critical infrastructures. Throughout this research, we discussed the concept of vulnerability and methodologies and processes for its assessment in critical infrastructures due to a terrorist threat. The research focused on the development of an analysis model, exploring a multi-criteria decision method, in order to limit the risks to the maximum extent possible. Through a qualitative research methodology, in which we applied an analysis model based on the Threat and Infrastructure dimensions and their respective factors, we verified that the vulnerability of a critical infrastructure consists in the probability of the success of an attack, conducted by a threat - properly identifi ed, characterised, analysed and categorised - against an infrastructure with certain characteristics, which value is defi ned by the user and aggressor’s point of view. The construction of an algorithmic model for vulnerability assessment, complemented by tools to support the calculations and records, allows, through a rational, scientific and algebraic process, a qualitative analysis of factors to be transformed into measurable and quantifi able values,
whose algebraic operation integrates them into a final result that expresses, as a percentage, the degree of vulnerability of a critical infrastructure facing a terrorist threat.
STUDY OF THE OPERATION OF THE DIESEL ENGINE 4H 11,012,5 ON MIXTURES OF DIESEL FUEL WITH BIOGAS
Authors: Kartashevich Anatoly N. , Shaporev Vitaly A.
Published: June 2019

One of the main tasks in the operation of automotive vehicles is the development of measures to protect the environment from toxic components of exhaust gases (exhaust) of internal combustion engines. Biogas is one of the most environmentally friendly fuels for vehicles, as it produces minimal emissions of carbon dioxide and particulate matter. The gas engine runs quieter, vibration is reduced, which helps to improve the working conditions of drivers.
The article is devoted to the development of new fuel compositions based on diesel fuel (DT) and biogas (BG) that meet the requirements of their application in diesel. The article is referred to effective performance of a diesel and the performance of its opacity and toxicity when operating on mixtures consisting of 85% diesel + 15% HD and 70% diesel + 30% BG at different values of the angle of installation of an advancing of injection of fuel. The results of bench tests of diesel when working on these fuel compositions are given. Based on the analysis of the experimental data, the optimal regulation of the fuel supply equipment was determined.
According to the results of bench tests of diesel engine with mixtures of BG following conclusions: 1) When using diesel fuels with the addition of 15% HD and 30% BG optimum installation angle of an advancing of injection should be considered ?vpr angle=22?; 2) Operation diesel with additives 15% HD and 30% BG, the amount of heat, allows to reduce the consumption of diesel fuel, respectively, 15% and 30%; 3) The diesel engine works on mixed fuels with the addition of the BG is accompanied by a reduction in emissions from the exhaust gases of soot particles tend to be around the expected range of variation of the angle setting; 4) Work on mixed diesel fuels with the addition of BG in the whole considered range of variation of the angle of installation is accompanied by an increase of emissions in the EXHAUST gas of nitrogen oxides and unburned hydrocarbons.
MONITORING THE DEGREE OF CONTAMINATION OF MILK BY RESIDUAL QUANTITIES OF ANTIBIOTICS MANUFACTURERS KOSTANAY REGION
Authors: Rysanova Raushan M. , Kokanov Sabit K. , Palamarchuk Victoria V.
Published: June 2019

The aim of the article is to limit the detection and specificity of enzyme immunoassay of antibiotics on the example of tetracycline and chloramphenicol, to monitor the degree of contamination of milk residues of antibiotics. Accession of the Republic of Kazakhstan to the world trade organization (2015), the expansion of export-import operations determine the need to increase the level of control over the health of animals, the safety of animal products and feed, compliance with the requirements of the basic provisions of generally recognized international treaties and agreements. In this regard, there is a reason for careful monitoring of food products for the presence of antibiotic residues in them. The article presents the results of studies of residues of antibiotics tetracycline and chloramphenicol in milk by ELISA. The study was subjected to the milk - a total of 57 samples. During the research physicochemical and immunological methods were used. To process the results of ELISA, a special program for enzyme immunoassay developed by R-Biopharm RIDASCREEN was used. The experiments were conducted using milk of domestic production and imported origin sold in Kostanay region. According to the Unified sanitary-epidemiological and hygienic requirements for goods subject to sanitary-epidemiological supervision of the customs Union of EurAsEC, the maximum permissible level of tetracycline antibiotics is 0.01 mg/kg.as a result of the conducted studies, the excess of the maximum permissible level of tetracycline in milk from the private sector and Bildservice LLP was revealed.
Electroluminescence and current–voltage measurements of single-(In,Ga)N/GaN-nanowire light-emitting diodes in a nanowire ensemble
Authors: van Treeck David , Ledig Johannes , Scholz Gregor , Lähnemann Jonas , Musolino Mattia , Tahraoui Abbes , Brandt Oliver , Waag Andreas , Riechert Henning , Geelhaar Lutz
Published: June 2019

We present the combined analysis of electroluminescence (EL) and current–voltage (I–V) behavior of single, freestanding (In,Ga)N/GaN nanowire (NW) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) in an unprocessed, self-assembled ensemble grown by molecular beam epitaxy. The data were acquired in a scanning electron microscope equipped with a micromanipulator and a luminescence detection system. Single NW spectra consist of emission lines originating from different quantum wells, and the width of the spectra increases with decreasing peak emission energy. The corresponding I–V characteristics are described well by a modified Shockley equation. The key advantage of this measurement approach is the possibility to correlate the EL intensity of a single-NW LED with the actual current density in this NW. This way, the external quantum efficiency (EQE) can be investigated as a function of the current in a single-NW LED. The comparison of the EQE characteristic of single NWs and the ensemble device allows for a quite accurate determination of the actual number of emitting NWs in the working ensemble LED and the respective current densities in its individual NWs. This information is decisive for a meaningful and comprehensive characterization of a NW ensemble device, rendering the measurement approach employed here a very powerful analysis tool.
Studies in Papuasian Syzygium (Myrtaceae): 1. Subgenus Perikion revised
Authors: Craven L.A.
Published: June 2019

Syzygium subgenus Perikion is revised in Papuasia. Descriptions are provided for each of the ten species recognised, four of which are new. An identification key, distribution maps and an exsiccatae list are provided.
AN EVALUATION FOR SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY EXTENDED BY D NUMBERS
Authors: Mo Hongming , Deng Yong
Published: June 2019

How to evaluate the impact of transport measures on city sustainability effectively is still an open issue, and it can be abstracted as one of the multiple criteria decision making problems. In this paper, a new method based on D numbers is proposed to evaluate the sustainable mobility of city. D number is a new mathematical tool to represent and deal uncertain information. The property of integration of D numbers is employed to fusion information. A numerical example of carsharing demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method.
AN ECO-INNOVATIVE FRAMEWORK DEVELOPMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE CONSUMPTION AND PRODUCTION IN THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
Authors: Ma Li , Wang Liang , Skibniewski Miroslaw J. , Gajda Waldemar
Published: June 2019

Sustainable consumption and production have been increasingly required in the construction industry. However, previous studies have not yet comprehensively developed evaluation tools and methods to implement sustainable consumption and production. To achieve this objective, we utilized the eco-innovation, which provides effective analysis of sustainable consumption and production for the construction firms by eliminating subjectivity and ambiguity of evaluations. We adopted the fuzzy set theory to overcome the uncertainty occurring from the judgments of experts and utilized decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory approach to analyse the causal relationships between our methods and evaluation criteria. The results showed that environment and sustainable consumption are the key factors, while life cycle assessment, eco-labels, and environmental certification as well as improving eco-efficiency are critical to realizing sustainable consumption and production. The study enhances the understanding of the major players to achieve sustainable consumption and production, and link sustainable consumption and production with the eco-innovative practices. Our approach also improves the assessment accuracy, and the results provide viable suggestions for practical applications.
Pesquisas de professoras elaboradas no contexto do mestrado profissional em educação da UFSCar
Authors: Sousa Maria do Carmo De
Published: June 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo investigar os trabalhos de três professoras da Educação Básica. As pesquisas são relacionadas às suas práticas em sala de aula e foram realizadas em ocasião do Mestrado Profissional em Educação, da Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar). Neste contexto, o curso se configura como um tipo especial de formação continuada onde os professores da Educação Básica, através de pesquisas realizam intervenções em sala de aula e, por esse motivo têm a oportunidade de teorizarem sobre a prática e praticarem a teoria que fundamenta o seu trabalho em sala de aula enquanto elaboram suas dissertações. O Mestrado Profissional em Educação se apresenta como uma nova perspectiva para a formação continuada de professores, uma vez que, o objeto e, consequentemente, as perguntas de pesquisa, advêm de problemáticas de sala de aula, as quais estão diretamente relacionadas às práticas profissionais dos professores, logo são situadas. No caso específico das três dissertações, que tratam do ensino de Matemática, ao analisá-las constatamos que são qualitativas, sistemáticas e intencionais. Indicam-nos que as professoras, ao elaborarem e desenvolverem suas pesquisas, tiveram como ponto de partida desafios relacionados à organização do ensino de Matemática em suas salas de aula. Um deles está relacionado a como romper com um ensino de Matemática que prioriza o paradigma do exercício. Tal desafio pôde ser superado na medida em que através das atividades que compõem o curso de Mestrado, as professoras tiveram a oportunidade de realizar intervenções, investigar, estudar, elaborar e desenvolver em suas salas de aula situações desencadeadoras de aprendizagem de Matemática na perspectiva da Atividade Orientadora de Ensino. Essa forma de organizar o ensino permitiu que as professoras elaborassem propostas de ensino diferenciadas e pudessem se apropriar de uma outra perspectiva teórica e metodológica que se fundamenta na teoria histórico-cultural.
« Notre taux de réussite à trois ans est supérieur à 86 %... »
Authors: Dubor Pierre , Verzat Caroline
Published: June 2019

Chez Schneider, l’essaimage est ouvert à tous les salariés, quel que soit leur statut ou leur âge. Le projet est accompagné de manière confidentielle dans une perspective de sécurisation maximale : sélectivité, posture de doute systématique, prévisionnels très prudents, suivi post-création pendant trois ans, possibilité de postuler plusieurs fois, possibilité de retour dans l’entreprise. L’objectif de l’entreprise est l’emploi et le développement économique du territoire où elle est implantée. Soutenue par les organisations syndicales, la démarche s’ajoute aux mesures de reclassement pour compenser les suppressions de postes à l’échelle de l’entreprise. Il permet aussi de renforcer l’image d’employeur responsable tout en valorisant les profils entrepreneuriaux dans l’entreprise. Tout au long de sa carrière, Pierre Dubar a accompagné l’évolution de l’emploi à Schneider Electric. Après un poste RH classique, il a été en charge de la valorisation des actifs non stratégiques lors des opérations de fusion-acquisition, puis de la recréation d’emplois suite aux réorganisations industrielles et enfin de l’essaimage.
L’Algérie passée des manifestations
Authors: Peyroulou Jean-Pierre
Published: June 2019

Le passé convoqué par les manifestants est presque exclusivement celui de la guerre d’indépendance, dont la démocratie et le pluralisme font singulièrement défaut et au cours duquel les militaires ont rapidement pris le pouvoir. La volonté d’indépendance n’allait en effet pas forcément avec l’esprit de liberté, qui s’est plutôt manifesté lors de la transition démocratique (1988-1992).
Aux antipodes
Authors: Vidal Mai Lan
Published: June 2019

Originaire d’une double culture franco-vietnamienne, la famille de l’auteure a choisi le français comme langue maternelle, obligeant l’auteure à apprendre le vietnamien, qu’elle n’entendait que comme une mélodie secrète, par elle-même. Elle continue d’explorer cette zone entre deux langues-cultures, faite de dialogue et de traduction, et refuse la notion d’identité.
« Go Internet it’s here » : démarches administratives de personnes précaires ou en demande d’asile
Authors: Piccoli Vanessa , Claudia Ticca Anna , Traverso Véronique
Published: June 2019

L’article porte sur les modes de participation observables dans la réalisation de démarches administratives numériques (recherche d’informations, remplissage de formulaire en ligne, etc.) dans des interactions se déroulant entre une assistante sociale et des demandeurs d’asile dans une permanence d’accès aux soins de santé. Il se base sur une analyse interactionnelle détaillée des ressources verbales et gestuelles, y compris les actions sur l’écran et sur le clavier, que les participants mettent en œuvre dans leurs activités. L’analyse s’attache aussi à l’imbrication constante des pratiques numériques avec des pratiques conjointes ou successives liées à d’autres supports, comme la consultation de documents papiers ou le téléphone.
La resignification. Pratiques technodiscursives de répétition subversive sur le web relationnel
Authors: Paveau Marie-Anne
Published: June 2019

L’article propose une théorisation de la notion de resignification en analyse du discours à partir des propositions de Judith Butler et de linguistes étatsuniennes travaillant dans le champ des gender and language studies , qui permet de rendre compte de certaines pratiques technodiscursives sur le web 2.0. Il décrit les origines de la notion, sa mobilisation comme pratique politique de répétition subversive et ses fonctionnements sémantico-pragmatiques comme opérateur d’inversion des valeurs d’un mot blessant, avant de poser une définition théorique pour l’analyse du discours, appuyée sur une série de critères catégorisants. Il propose ensuite une typologie des pratiques numériques natives de réponse à des phénomènes de cyberviolence discursive, relevant de la resignification, à partir de trois catégories : la recontextualisation énonciative, la publication analogique et la production d’un dispositif culturel.
Parfum de banlieue
Authors: Roumagnou Pierre-Benoît
Published: June 2019

Les environs de Paris au xviii e  siècle étaient, bien sûr, le théâtre des loisirs urbains, mais aussi celui des espaces particulièrement malodorants. Liées à la ville, les mauvaises odeurs peuvent être questionnées en tant que critère d’urbanité renvoyant à l’histoire des périphéries, celle des pollutions et des sensibilités. Pour mener à bien ce projet, sont analysés les procès-verbaux de police rédigés par le personnel des justices seigneuriales qui, aux portes de la capitale, sont les documents les plus directs sur la réalité et le ressenti des mauvaises odeurs. Il apparaît ainsi que la ville en produisait, à la suite des concentrations induites par la demande de ses habitants, et en rejetait, sous forme de déchets. S’étendant au cours de la période, Paris exporte à la fois ses sources de pollution mais aussi son intolérance à leur endroit.
Explorar posibilidades y potencialidades de una etnografía feminista
Authors: Gregorio Gil Carmen
Published: June 2019

Se presenta la etnografía feminista como patchwork, tejido estratégico de conocimientos diversos, mestizos y subalternos desde los que escribir, narrar, conversar, testimoniar y actuar con un pensamiento con cuidado. Al tiempo, se sitúa la forma en que las diferentes autoras incorporan la reflexividad e intersubjetividad en sus etnografías.
Dilemas y tensiones de la práctica docente con alumnado migrante
Authors: Cucalón Tirado Pilar , Del Olmo Margarita
Published: June 2019

En este texto abordaremos los dilemas y tensiones a los que se enfrenta el profesorado de un programa dirigido al alumnado migrante recién llegado a la Comunidad de Madrid (España). El análisis surge de la oportunidad de enlazar nuestros trabajos de campo etnográficos, que han sido llevados a cabo en dos momentos diferentes de la historia del mencionado programa. El diálogo entre ambas investigaciones nos ha permitido una comprensión más compleja de las prácticas docentes. Especialmente, aquellas que orientan al alumnado migrante hacia itinerarios formativos que no son los regulares para acceder a la universidad, siendo contradictorio con las altas expectativas que tienen dichos estudiantes. Podemos concluir que los argumentos y estrategias utilizadas por el profesorado deben entenderse en el marco de una escuela con serias limitaciones para producir la igualdad de oportunidades que dice preferir.
Editorial: Trabajos de Prehistoria, a hombros de gigantes
Authors: Díaz-del-Río Pedro
Published: June 2019

El editorial inicia el cuatrienio del actual equipo de la revista Trabajos de Prehistoria, valorando el protagonismo de los miembros de los anteriores Consejos de Redacción y Asesor, evaluadores externos y autores en la trayectoria de creciente internacionalización de la revista. Se destaca el impulso que el Profesor Antonio Gilman, director saliente y el primero no perteneciente a una institución española, ha dado a esa trayectoria. Se reflexiona sobre las implicaciones que el cambio generacional en curso en la academia española puede tener en la visibilidad de las revistas y se reivindica el papel de un espacio abierto, público y colectivo de comunicación científica como el ejercido por Trabajos de Prehistoria.
Conectividad en la Edad del Bronce del occidente de la península ibérica. Examinando la relación entre sitios y vías pecuarias mediante SIG
Authors: Blanco González Antonio , Esparza Arroyo Ángel
Published: June 2019

Este artículo evalúa de forma crítica una vieja hipótesis de la Prehistoria de la península ibérica que ha quedado sin refutar: la que relaciona los sitios de Cogotas I (1850-1100 cal AC) con la trashumancia. Se propone un experimento en una amplia franja del occidente ibérico coincidente con la denominada Vía de la Plata: la medición con SIG de la distancia lineal entre 176 sitios de Cogotas I y las vías pecuarias, concebidas como síntomas materiales de hábitos inveterados. Los resultados, estadísticamente significativos con matices regionales, indican que casi un tercio de los casos –el 27,3 %– se encuentran a menos de 500 m. Evitamos relacionar esa proximidad con la trashumancia, la subordinación centro-periferia o el tráfico de objetos elitistas. Entendemos tal pauta como indicio del interés de los grupos estudiados, entre otras decisiones locacionales, por participar en la circulación de personas, animales y cargas, conforme al modelo de comunidades políticas paritarias (peer polity interaction).
Réappropriation et réinvention de la ville dans deux romans brésiliens contemporains
Authors: Weigel François
Published: June 2019

Au Brésil, où l’urbanisation a été rapide et souvent mal contrôlée, la violence et la fragmentation du monde urbain sont des thématiques importantes pour la fiction. Pourtant, cet article se propose d’analyser comment deux romans-phares du panorama contemporain, Relato de um certo Oriente (1989), de Milton Hatoum, et Passageiro do fim do dia (2010), de Rubens Figueiredo, n’en restent pas simplement à la description de villes dystopiques, mais invitent tout à la fois à resignifier et réinventer le sens de la ville, voire à le réenchanter.
Pour une autre historicité : la poésie brésilienne à partir des années 1970
Authors: Goldfeder André , Lucas Fabio Roberto , Provase Lucius , Zular Roberto
Published: June 2019

L’article analyse quelques poèmes et poètes brésiliens des décennies 1970, 1980 et 1990 dans le but de comprendre les différentes stratégies poétiques créées pendant cette période pour répondre aux défis spécifiques du régime d’historicité présentiste (Hartog) propre à l’expérience contemporaine. La relation entre poésie et histoire, l’énonciation poétique et ses contextes, se transforme. Le poème internalise, intensifie et mobilise la perception de perte de garantie discursive et la multiplicité des temps dans le temps, en mettant en action des variations et modulations entre différents contextes et temporalités, comme on le verra dans certains poèmes de Haroldo de Campos, Paulo Leminski, Nuno Ramos et autres.
Belles et utiles : l’éducation physique dans la formation des enseignantes de l’État d’Espírito Santo au Brésil (1908-1939)
Authors: Bruschi Marcela
Published: June 2019

Cet article porte sur l’analyse de la formation des enseignantes d’éducation physique de l’Espírito Santo (Brésil) en tant qu’actrices du dispositif institutionnel dans lequel elles sont engagées mais aussi en tant que corps féminins visés par cette éducation. En dépit des discours et des pratiques qui définissent ce qu’elles doivent être dans leur métier et dans leur vie, elles donnent toute sa signification à l’usage ambigu qui est fait de l’éducation physique en ce début du XXe siècle dans un État relativement rural du Brésil.
Real Options and Its Suitability in Assessing International Digital Investment
Authors: Tarifa-Fernández Jorge , Sánchez-Pérez Ana María , Cruz-Rambaud Salvador
Published: June 2019

Firms have experienced extreme competition because of changes in technological and global issues. Globalization of manufacturing has arisen through a faster transfer of materials, complex payment systems, and compression of product life cycle. Eventually, firms need the integration of technologies to meet the increasingly sophisticated customers' needs. Among the technologies, artificial intelligence has attracted much of the attention as it has been foreseen to have a major impact on all industries. Real options approach may be applied to make informed decisions concerning digital technologies investments. Therefore, firms could decide to defer the option of investing in artificial intelligence for the sake of finding a more favorable future environment. This chapter provides an adequate tool to reduce uncertainty in deciding whether to implement artificial intelligence in their companies. This tool comprises the strategic perspective of the investment in digital technologies that makes it suitable to be incorporated as a part of the set of strategic tools.
Strengthening Agriculture Through Energy-Efficient Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks Using Sink Mobility
Authors: Chavva Subba Reddy , Vaggu Nagesh Mallaiah , Sangam Ravi Sankar
Published: June 2019

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) can be used in agriculture to provide farmers with help monitoring the fields. Most of the people depend on agriculture. WSN plays a vital role in strengthening agriculture. In this chapter, the authors discuss energy-efficient routing with mobile sink protocols that are more suitable to strengthen the agriculture. They organize this chapter by classifying aforesaid protocols into three different categories (e.g., hierarchical-based, tree-based, and virtual structure-based routing).
An Overview of Financial Technology in Indonesia
Authors: Anshari Muhammad , Almunawar Mohammad Nabil , Masri Masairol
Published: June 2019

Financial technology (FinTech) has been developing at a tremendous rate all around the globe. This chapter will show how banking and financial system has evolved by financial technology which affected the way of how society is living now. There is a rapid change of FinTech for the past few years in Indonesia. These changes have made an impact to the people in Indonesia. As for the exploration to the rise of FinTech in Indonesia, it is important to understand the development and challenges of FinTech in Indonesia by looking changing Indonesian people's behavior in terms of FinTech's adoption include payment channel system, digital banking, peer-to-peer (P2P) lending, and crowdfunding.
Reimagined Higher Ed Classrooms
Authors: Penland Jennifer (Jenny) L. , Laviers Kennard
Published: June 2019

Institutions of higher learning are facing increasing demands for technology-based programs that would service the needs of the changing 21st century populations. In today's amalgam of differences, education that is independent of cultural biases is more than difficult to author. Virtual and augmented reality (VR) technologies offer a possible solution but come with a host of other challenges. Content made for VR can easily be tailored to demonstrate educational concepts to bring people into the same space, but despite being able to provide this, we are left with another issue: Where do we get this media? This chapter will explore ways for businesses and organizations to build pedagogical VR content to foster more immersive learning that is culturally unbiased. The authors also explore costs and potential revenue and develop a clear picture of what it would take to startup such an enterprise in today's US economy.
Business Strategies and Disruptive Technologies
Authors: Martínez-Vergara Sucet Jimena , Valls-Pasola Jaume
Published: June 2019

This chapter presents key issues taken from the review of existing literature on disruptive technologies and their importance for successful business strategies. The review is done within the framework of the disruptive innovation theory. The chapter covers an historical overview of the topic from the precursors to the most recent developments as well as an analysis of its predictive side. It also finds out whether the theory allows for the development of business models. Last section is devoted to the identification of strategies that are applicable in technological disruptive innovations and discusses relevant issues to develop such strategies. Disruptive innovations are widely recognized as key engines for competitive advantage, so it is important for companies to recognize the opportunities that emerge from developing disruptive technological innovations.
Start-Up
Authors: de Sousa Joana Coutinho , Gaspar Jorge
Published: June 2019

Nowadays, we are witnessing an increase of innovation both on start-up and SME. The implementation of innovation has a strong impact in the knowledge of economy. The ability of human being in creating it can be defined as a basic skill in a global economy, involving learning as an essential dynamism of the competition. Furthermore, the research and development activities are very important not only for universities and companies but also for the global economy. This paper presents a new conceptual approach for innovation process in start-ups and a new methodology to know how long the innovation process must take. The conceptual approach proposed is divided into seven interactive steps: 1) Have an idea (product, service, process, business/marketing; 2) Analyze the state-of-the-art and the market; 3) R&D activities and Intellectual Property; 4) Listen the market; 5) Define a flexible business plan; 6) Find a business partner; and 7) Go-to-market. Regarding the time of innovation, the presented methodology is based on five Porter's Forces.
An Innovative Company in a Smart City
Authors: Culasso Francesca , Mauro Sara Giovanna
Published: June 2019

The aim of this chapter is to analyze the business model of an innovative company in the context of a smart city. Specifically, this research investigates key components and challenges concerning the operationalization of a business model originally conceived to be sustainable. This chapter relies on the analysis of the empirical evidence collected at the organizational level by combining different data sources, including official and internal documents, face-to-face interviews, and questionnaires. It is thus designed to contribute to the lively debate on sustainability by providing empirical evidence and shedding light on the operationalization of the concept of sustainable business model. Further, in light of the smart context where the company operates, this research paves the way for further investigation into the potential win-win collaboration between innovative companies and smart cities to foster sustainability consistent with a systems approach to the topic.
The Moderating Effects of Awareness on Antecedents of Behavioral Intention to Adopt Mobile Government Services
Authors: Mandari Herman , Chong Yee-Lee
Published: June 2019

The motives behind this study were to examine the moderating effect of awareness as well as direct effect of several determinants on behavioral intention to adopt m-government services. A quantitative survey was conducted in Tanzania rural area to collect data used in this study. Stratified and multi-stage sampling techniques were employed to select unit of interest. 407 usable questionnaires were collected and analyzed by using structural equation modelling. The results show that awareness does not have moderating effect on the specified model's paths. Furthermore, the study shows that relative advantage, ease-of-use, compatibility and government support have significant direct influence on rural farmers' behavioral intention to adopt m-government services. This study expands scholars' knowledge on the moderating effect of awareness on the adoption of m-government technologies, furthermore the study provides useful practical implications to policy makers on how to increase the adoption of m-government services in Tanzania rural areas.
Sustainable Business Model Innovation
Authors: Taminiau Job , Nyangon Joseph , Lewis Ariella Shez , Byrne John
Published: June 2019

Establishing a sustainable energy future can justifiably be considered the next frontier in global sustainable development under the agenda laid out in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The newly adopted Paris Agreement which seeks to hold global average temperature increase to “well below 2°C” above pre-industrial levels inserts additional urgency into this agenda. To realize the commitments outlined in the agreement, implementation of innovative sustainable business models capable of producing strong mitigation and adaptation outcomes is required ‘on the ground' and needs to be available for subsequent diffusion across different countries, contexts and domains. This chapter explores the value of polycentric climate change governance through an investigation of sustainable business model innovation. An example of a sustainable business model, called the Sustainable Energy Utility (SEU), is evaluated and an assessment of United Nations-based programming to aid future diffusion of such business models is conducted.
Citizen e-Participation in Urban Planning
Authors: Graziano Teresa
Published: June 2019

In recent years, new smart technologies have given citizens' movements and informal groups unprecedented possibilities of communication that allow them to achieve a wider audience, mobilise new activists and negotiate with local institutional actors. Even in the planning field, an extraordinary range of new strategies and practices of participatory e-democracy has been recently emerging, which has been affecting local planning and city governance. Thus, this paper aims at exploring potentialities and critical aspects of citizen's web based movements claiming for a more participatory and sustainable urban planning, trough a critical examination of selected case studies in a Mediterranean city, Catania (Italy). The inter(net)connections between urban planning and citizen's e-activism, and consequently between the virtual sphere and public urban spaces, are scrutinized through the analysis of their discourses and narratives in the online documentation as well as interviews with activists.
Web-Based Course Design Models
Authors: Çınar Murat , Tüzün Hakan
Published: June 2019

This study presents the results obtained from a literature review on Web-based instructional design models in order to form a basis for Web-based course design practices. The pioneering studies in literature mainly focused on the components of Web-based instruction and how to direct learning processes in an interactive environment. The studies that proposed design models for Web-based courses were generally based on literature, so they did not sufficiently reflect how the components of a model would be implemented in design practices. In the relevant literature, studies based on authentic design cases are limited. These studies, in which design efforts and processes are described in narrative form, did not go beyond specific contexts and could not be regarded as models. Consequently, there is a need for more studies that provide guidance on how design instructions should be implemented so as to address and resolve the problems that may be encountered in this process.
Integrating Culture in Language Preparatory Programs
Authors: Mede Enisa , Cansever Zeynep Mutlu
Published: June 2019

This chapter aims to investigate the role of culture in English Language Preparatory Programs in Turkey. Specifically, the chapter attempts to gain insights on what types of culture teaching activities native and non-native English instructors use in their classroom, find out if there is any difference between the two groups of participants and lastly, identify to what extent they implement culture in their teaching practices.. The sample population of this study were 95 (44 native and 51 non-native) EFL instructors working in the preparatory program. Data were collected from a questionnaire, semi-structured interviews and classroom observations. The findings revealed that both groups of instructors agreed that language and culture are closely related and that culture should be integrated in classrooms frequently to help students to become intercultural speakers as well as become more competent in how to develop a relationship with people of other languages and cultures.
The Road to Intercultural Development and Internationalization
Authors: Jung Erica Jin
Published: June 2019

The post-secondary educational landscape is slowly becoming a backdrop for an increasing number of examples of efforts being made to establish intercultural development and internationalization at the university and college levels. Universities and colleges are responding to the increase in international student recruitment and to technological advancement both of which promote collaboration in research, teaching, and studying across borders. The growing demographic diversity has resulted in changes to how and what internationalization looks like in our post-secondary institutions and in higher education in general. This chapter explores four areas that are key to the process: buy-in from the Administration, support in the curricular arena, recognition for intercultural work of faculty members, and a more centralized mechanism and structure to help advance the internationalization agenda. Despite the progress made in Canada, these areas are still continuing to gain traction in higher education in other countries.
Integrating Intercultural Competencies Into the Professional Skills Curriculum
Authors: Taraban-Gordon Svitlana , Page Easton
Published: June 2019

Intercultural competence is increasingly seen by employers as a desirable graduate capability needed in today's diverse and intercultural workplace. This chapter reports on a curriculum intervention - a 20-hour online intercultural skills course - aimed at introducing a large number of undergraduate students enrolled in a co-operative education program to fundamental intercultural concepts and ideas. The chapter seeks to contribute to the literature on intercultural skill development by discussing the course model and its implementation, student perceptions of their level of intercultural competence prior to and after the course, and the challenges involved in the delivery of the course. The main purpose of the chapter is to discuss how courses and programs that aim to develop professional skills may offer a promising vehicle for fostering students' intercultural competence, particularly when these courses utilize online learning tools to enable greater access to intercultural learning.
Assessing Intercultural Sensitivity and Effectiveness
Authors: Liu Meihua
Published: June 2019

This chapter examines adult CSL (Chinese as a L2) learners' intercultural sensitivity and effectiveness while studying in a university in Beijing. Seventy-four international students from various countries answered the intercultural sensitivity scale (ISS) and intercultural effectiveness scale (IES) as well as other scales in the present study; eight participants were informally interviewed. The findings indicate that the participants were moderate in terms of intercultural sensitivity and effectiveness, that intercultural sensitivity and effectiveness were generally and significantly related to each other, and that students' intercultural sensitivity and effectiveness levels were not statistically correlated with their background variables. Based on these findings, some implications are therein discussed.
Reflecting on New Faculty Training
Authors: Dikli Semire , Rawls Richard S. , Etheridge Brian C.
Published: June 2019

This chapter aims to describe the mandatory training program (Internationalized Learning Essentials) offered to the new faculty as part of the internationalization of the curriculum process at four-year colleges in the U.S. The chapter presents survey results regarding faculty perceptions on the training program. The results of this study suggest important implications for research in internationalization by providing further insights regarding faculty training about internationalized education.
The Benefits and Challenges of New Media for Intercultural Conflict
Authors: Johnson Amy Janan , Lee Sun Kyong , Cionea Ioana A. , Massey Zachary B.
Published: June 2019

This chapter examines current research on intercultural interactions over new media with a particular emphasis on those studies involving conflict. Two main points are emphasized: 1) new media have several characteristics that differentiate them from traditional forms of media and shape intercultural conflict, providing benefits but also creating challenges not encountered before; and 2) traditional theoretical explanations of the relationship between media and conflict are inadequate for explaining the role that individual and group characteristics play in intercultural conflict in the digital age. Certain theories are discussed in relation to the second point. Overall, the chapter proposes questions that could advance research in this emerging area.
A Guerra Fria na historiografia revisionista: a política externa dos Estados Unidos com a China, 1890-1909
Authors: Combat Flavio Alves
Published: June 2019

O objetivo do artigo é analisar a condução da política externa estadunidense com a China, entre 1890 e 1909, tomando como referencial a interpretação historiográfica dos autores revisionistas William Appleman Williams e Walter LaFeber. Propõe-se que o “anticolonialismo imperial” engendrado pelos Estados Unidos no processo de disputa pela abertura do mercado chinês está na origem dos conflitos com as tradicionais potências imperialistas. O trabalho explora, portanto, a tese historiográfica revisionista segundo a qual a política externa norte-americana radicada nos princípios da “Open Door Policy” é fundamental para a compreensão de antagonismos que contribuíram para a Guerra Fria.

Abstract
The aim of the article is to analyze the conduct of US foreign policy with China between 1890 and 1909, taking as reference the historiographical interpretation of the revisionist authors William Appleman Williams and Walter LaFeber. It is proposed that the "imperial anticolonialism" engendered by the United States in the process of dispute over the opening of the Chinese market is at the origin of conflicts with the traditional imperialist powers. The paper thus explores the revisionist historiographical thesis that US foreign policy rooted in the principles of the Open Door Policy is fundamental to understanding the antagonisms that contributed to the Cold War.

Resumen
El objetivo del artículo es analizar la conducción de la política exterior estadounidense con China, entre 1890 y 1909, tomando como referencial la interpretación historiográfica de los autores revisionistas William Appleman Williams y Walter LaFeber. Se propone que el "anticolonialismo imperial" engendrado por Estados Unidos en el proceso de disputa por la apertura del mercado chino es el origen de los conflictos con las tradicionales potencias imperialistas. El trabajo explora, por lo tanto, la tesis historiográfica revisionista según la cual la política exterior norteamericana radicada en los principios de la "Open Door Policy" es fundamental para la comprensión de antagonismos que contribuyeron a la Guerra Fría
O Levante da Cortina de Ferro
Authors: Lara José Victor
Published: June 2019

No verão de 1957 a União Soviética recebeu mais de 30 mil jovens do mundo todo reunidos para o Sexto Festival Mundial da Juventude em Moscou. Os soviéticos se apresentavam para o mundo de uma nova forma, na tentativa de mostrar um socialismo renovado e muito mais humano, antagonizando com os anos de Josef Stalin no poder. Moscou não era uma capital comunista sombria e atrasada, mas uma cidade moderna e colorida. Durante o festival, todos os cinemas, circos, exposições, eventos esportivos e transportes públicos foram abertos ao público. Os partidos comunistas em todo o mundo foram instruídos a enviar tantos jovens não-comunistas quanto possível, a ideia é que todos poderiam participar independente das convicções políticas e religiosas. Os tradicionais símbolos da foice e do martelo e as faces de Stalin e Mao Tsé-Tung deram lugar à pomba branca de Pablo Picasso sob o lema “por paz e amizade”. Ainda em Moscou, criaram a Rádio Festival que transmitiu sua programação em espanhol e com diversas músicas latinas, o evento era todo voltado aos jovens do chamado Terceiro Mundo
Potencialidades didáticas do uso de lendas no ensino da história: um estudo com alunos portugueses do 2.º ano do ensino básico
Authors: Solé Maria Glória Parra Santos
Published: June 2019

Este artigo tem como propósito apresentar um estudo sobre o uso de narrativas (lendas) no ensino de História, procurando destacar as potencialidades deste recurso pedagógico no processo de construção do conhecimento histórico e averiguar como este recurso potencia o desenvolvimento do pensamento histórico em alunos portugueses do 2.º ano de escolaridade (6-7 anos). As narrativas (lendas) produzidas pelos alunos foram submetidas a uma análise de conteúdo indutiva e categorizadas por níveis de progressão de ideias. Os resultados demonstraram que este tipo de recurso pode influenciar a estruturação do pensamento histórico dos alunos, bem como potenciar a sua imaginação.
Corrosion Behaviors of Reinforcing Steel in Concrete with Various Moisture Contents
Authors: Cao Zhong Lu
Published: June 2019

Moisture contents of concrete can affect the corrosion of reinforcing steel. In this paper, moisture contents of concrete were increased by filling the small holes with water or fully submerging in water. The effect of moisture contents on the corrosion behaviors of cathodic and anodic steel was investigated by comparing the half-cell potential, micro-cell and macro-cell current density. The results indicated that when only the concrete around cathodic steel was in water-saturated state, it could greatly weakened the kinetics of cathodic reaction and resulted in a considerable decrease in macro-cell current. When only the concrete around anodic steel was in water-saturated state, it could not effectively inhibit the macro-cell corrosion. When both the concrete around the cathodic steel and the anodic steel were in water-saturated state, the macro-cell current flowing between cathode and anode could be inhibited effectively, and the corrosion was little affected by chloride contents.
Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) Process of Tannin from Mangrove Propagules Waste as Natural Dye for Coloring Batik tulis
Authors: Handayani Prima A. , Chafidz Achmad , Ramadani Nur Salsabilah , Kartika Dewi
Published: June 2019

Mangrove propagule waste is one of the biomass wastes that decays fast, hence it can pollute the environment. Mangrove propagule contains 30.43% tannin, and thus it has high potential to be used as a natural dye for coloring Batik Tulis. Unfortunately, this raw material has not been utilized optimally. The objective of this study is to extract tannin substances from mangrove propagules by using Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) method. The effects of solvent types (i.e. ethanol and distilled water), material-solvent ratio, extraction time and temperature on the yield of tannin obtained have also been investigated. The extraction results were analyzed by FT-IR to determine the presence of tannin contained in the dyes. The extraction results showed that the optimum yield of etanol solvent was 27.5%, which occured at material-solvent ratio of 0.04 g/ml, extraction time of 30 minutes, and temperature of 60°C. Whereas, the distilled water produced 22.7% yield of tannin, which also occured at material and solvent ratio 0.04 g/ml, extraction time of 30 minutes, and temperature of 80°C. Additionally, FT-IR analysis of tannin extract from mangrove propagules with etanol and distilled water showed the presence of hydroxyl groups (O-H), groups (C-H), C = C groups, and C-O groups.