bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Competition Between ‘Who’ and ‘Which’ in Slavic Light-Headed Relative Clauses
Authors: Kholodilova Maria A.
Published: March 2019

The relativization systems of most Slavic languages include relative pronouns that can be conventionally labelled as ‘who’ and ‘which’ and differ in a number of logically independent parameters (etymology, animacy, grammaticality of attributive contexts, and morphological distinction for number and gender). Prior research has shown that the choice between ‘who’ and ‘which’ in Slavic languages is largely dependent on the head type. Some of the languages allow the ‘who’ pronouns to be used with pronominal heads, but not with nouns in the head, while in others, the pronominal heads in the plural are also ungrammatical with the pronoun ‘who.’ The present study aims to complement the available qualitative data on the distribution of the relativizers with quantitative data and to propose a unified account for all the observed tendencies. A corpus-based study was conducted in order to establish language-internal statistical tendencies comparable to the known grammaticality restrictions. The results show much agreement between the qualitative and quantitative tendencies. Thus, the head ‘those,’ unlike the head ‘that,’ is incompatible with the relativizer ‘who’ in Slovak, Polish, Upper Sorbian, and Lower Sorbian languages, while the same tendency is quantitative in Czech, Slovene, Serbo-Croatian, Ukrainian, Belarusian, and the older varieties of Russian. Corpus data suggest that there is also a stronger tendency for the relative pronoun ‘who’ to be avoided with the head ‘those’ than with the head ‘all.’ One more relevant parameter is the semantic type of the clause, maximalizing semantics being the preferred option for ‘who.’ I suggest that all these and some other tendencies can be subsumed under a macro-parameter of the extent to which the head is integrated into the relative clause.
Metropolitan Kliment Smoliatich and His Epistles
Authors: Uspenskij Boris A.
Published: March 2019

The present article analyzes the two epistles of Kliment Smoliatich, the metropolitan of Kiev, written between 1147 and 1154, and sent to Smolensk. The addressees of the epistles were Foma (Thomas) the Presbyter and Prince Rostislav of Smolensk. The epistle to Foma is well known, whereas the epistle to Rostislav is not preserved and is known only through reconstruction. It is argued that both epistles were provoked by the ecclesiastical struggle created by the uncanonical installment of Kliment Smoliatich as metropolitan.
Bravlin—Brave or Humble?
Authors: Vinogradov Andrey Yu. , Korobov Maksim I.
Published: March 2019

The paper focuses on the name of the barbarian warlord that appears in the Slavic and (recently discovered) Armenian versions of the Life of St. Stephen of Sougdaia as Бравлинъ and Պրաւլիս /Praulis/, respectively. These forms seem to point to Πραῦλις or Μπραῦλις in the lost Greek Vorlage. None of the previous attempts at constructing an etymology of the name—Slavic бран(ъ)ливъ (Russian copies of the Life), Swedish Bråvalla (G. Vernadsky, N. Belyaev, and O. Pritsak), Indo-Aryan *pravlīn(а)- (O. Trubachev), Spanish Braulio (V. Vasilievsky), or Gothic *Bra(h)vila (N. Ganina)—may be considered satisfactory. Having revisited the historical and linguistic arguments, we suggest that the name given to the barbarian prince humbled by the miracle of St. Stephen in the Greek text of the Life represented, in fact, good Greek: Πραΰλιος or Πραῦλις (from πραΰς ‘mild, humble’); furthermore, we suggest that the positional voicing of Π- > Μπ- [b] in Late Middle Greek might account for the initial Б-/Պ- (West Armenian [b]) of the attested forms.
Indirect Speech Acts in the Speech of the Characters of the Tale of Bygone Years
Authors: Savelyev Victor S.
Published: March 2019

The article states that communication in Old Russian as well as in modern Russian discourse is characterized by the use of mono-functional and poly-functional indirect speech acts. Moreover, the important aspect that helps to specify the illocutive functions of indirect speech acts in Old Russian is their verifiability: the verbal or non-verbal response of the interlocutor as well as the frame constructions, which introduce direct speech (preposition). These constructions are also used in the middle of the utterance (interposition) or at the end of the utterance (postposition). The author of the chronicles observes the communicative purposes of both the speaker and the interlocutor, indicating that the given utterance should be regarded as an indirect speech act. By analyzing the use of mono-functional indirect speech acts in the original dialogue fragments of the Tale of Bygone Years, the author works out their typology. The groups of interrogative and non-interrogative indirect speech acts have been singled out, each of them having certain typical characteristics. The semantics of non-interrogative utterances in most cases is connected with the expression of indirect meanings of time and aspect of verbal forms. The use of interrogative utterances as indirect speech acts is mostly connected with the changes not only in the illocutive function, but also in the propositional meaning of the predicative unit: interrogative utterances with negations should be interpreted as affirmative non-interrogative utterances and vice versa. The author comes to the conclusion that the use of modern mono-functional indirect speech acts is traditional, since it is identical to their functioning in Old Russian.
The Chronicle of the Monk of Sazava and the Kievan Chronicle: A Comparison of the Historigraphical Method
Authors: Komendová Jitka
Published: March 2019

The article defines the main characteristic features of the Chronicle of the Monk of Sazava,one of a number of Bohemian Latin historiographic works that belong to the group of so-called continuations of Cosmas’s chronicles (Continuationes Cosmae); the article compares the method of the Monk of Sazava with the method used in Old Russian historiography of the same period, namely in the Kievan Chronicle. It focuses on the role of the chronological line in the narrative structure of both texts, and reveals their tendency to break the chronological narrative frame. This tendency, however, is not consistent, and the chronological line is not replaced by another structural principle (as happens, for example, in the Galician-Volhynian Chronicle). Such an approach is defined as hybridization of annalistic structure. The tendency to break the year-by-year structure is related to the insertion of independent literary works into the chronologically organized historical narration, which is particularly evident in the way in which the Monk of Sazava incorporated the text entitled De exordio Zazavensis monasterii into the chronological narration of Cosmas. The typological similarity of the Chronicle of the Monk of Sazava and the Kievan Chronicle is also evident in their ability to incorporate the texts of a non-literary (legal) character. In both chronicles under consideration, the role of the author is more important than in annals, however, the importance of the author is still lower (particularly in the case of the Kievan Chronicle) than in such Latin medieval works by an individual author, as in the Chronicle of Bohemians by Cosmas of Prague. In this respect, the texts analysed here are defined as texts that exceeded the frame of the genre of annals, but did not become chronicles, since their authors could not overcome the diverse character of the sources they used; they were not able to provide the text with a unified narrative perspective and thus to act as an authority defining the method of narration and guaranteeing the credibility of judgment.
On the existence of solutions for a class of fourth order elliptic equations of Kirchhoff type with variable exponent
Authors: CHUNG Nguyen Thanh
Published: March 2019

In this paper, we consider a class of fourth order elliptic equations of Kirchhoff type with variable exponent$$\left\{\begin{array}{ll}\Delta^2_{p(x)}u-M\left(\int_\Omega\frac{1}{p(x)}|\nabla u|^{p(x)}\,dx\right)\Delta_{p(x)} u  = \lambda f(x,u) \quad \text{ in }\Omega,\\u=\Delta u = 0 \quad \text{ on } \partial\Omega, \end{array}\right.$$where $\Omega \subset \R^N$, $N \geq 3$, is a smooth bounded domain, $M(t)=a+bt^\kappa$, $a, \kappa>0$, $b \geq 0$, $\lambda$ is a positive parameter, $\Delta_{p(x)}^2u=\Delta (|\Delta u|^{p(x)-2} \Delta u)$ is the operator of fourth order called the $p(x)$-biharmonic operator, $\Delta_{p(x)}u = \operatorname{div} \left(|\nabla u|^{p(x)-2}\nabla u\right)$ is the $p(x)$-Laplacian, $p:\overline\Omega \to \R$ is a log-H\"{o}lder continuous function and $f: \overline\Omega\times \R\to \R$ is a continuous function satisfying some certain conditions. Using Ekeland's variational principle combined with variational techniques, an existence result is established in an appropriate function space.
Existence and uniqueness of solutions for nonlinear implicit Caputo-Hadamard fractional differential equations with nonlocal conditions
Authors: ARDJOUNİ Abdelouaheb , DJOUDİ Ahcene
Published: March 2019

In this paper, we use the contraction mapping principle to obtain the existence, interval of existence and uniqueness of solutions for nonlinear implicit Caputo-Hadamard fractional differential equations with nonlocal conditions. We also use the generalization of Gronwall's inequality to show the estimate of the solutions.
Validation of population receptive field estimates in human visual cortex
Authors: Schwarzkopf D. Samuel , Moutsiana Christina , Panesar Gurmukh
Published: March 2019

Population receptive field (pRF) analysis has become a popular method for non-invasively inferring the spatial tuning properties of the human visual system and for reconstructing brain activity in visual space. Yet few studies have sought to validate pRF parameter estimates or systematically compared them between different methods. Here we used pRF models to reconstruct the visual cortex response to pseudo-randomly placed ‘constellation’ stimuli. We present different methods for visualizing brain activity in visual space. Compared to typically used back-projection of pRF profiles, we show that a searchlight approach using only pRF location greatly improves the spatial precision of reconstructions. We further quantify the precision with which different pRF estimates distinguish between stimulated and unstimulated parts of the visual field. Both combined wedge-and-ring and more conventional sweeping-bar stimuli afford excellent localization of the presented test stimuli. Even a probabilistic pRF model based on cortical anatomy without any retinotopic mapping data performs well albeit with lower precision than empirical data. Our findings demonstrate that pRF analysis is an accurate and robust method for mapping the position preference of voxels in human visual cortex.
Pengertian Graph
Authors: Siregar Anugrah Ananda Nauli
Published: March 2019

Makalah ini membahas tentang pokok bahasan dalam matematika diskrit yaitu Teori Graf dan implementasinya berupa Struktur Data Graf. Teori graf merupakan konsep yang sudah cukup lama dipakai dan diterapkan pada banyak bidang. Makalah ini menyajikan bagaimana tataran konseptual graf, yaitu tentang gambaran umum, definisi graf, hingga sampai pada tataran implementasi, yaitu bagaimana konsep tersebut diterapkan khususnya dalam bidang ilmu komputer. Untuk melengkapi sudut pandang tersebut, makalah ini juga menyertakan implementasi struktur data graf dalam potongan kode program Java.Setelah melalui pembahasan, dapat diambil kesimpulan sebagai berikut : 1. Teori Graf merupakan salah satu cabang dari bidang Matematika Diskrit yang mempunyai banyak terapan di berbagai bidang. 2. Struktur data graf merupakan bentuk implementasi dari teori graf yang mencakup definisi, dan hukum-hukum yang menyertainya. 3. Struktur data graf menggunakan representasi internal senarai ketetanggaan dengan alasan efisiensi penggunaan untuk komputasi, karena penggunaan matriks ketetanggan kurang efisisen dan cenderung boros untuk kasus jumlah sisi sedikit sedangkan matriks ketetanggaan yang dibentuk berupa matriks jarang (sparse)Kata Kunci : Struktur Data Graf
Mencari Cita Kemanusiaan Bersama: Pergulatan Keambonan dan Keindonesiaan
Authors: Ruhulessin Jhony Christian
Published: March 2019

Buku ini merupakan pertanggungjawaban iman kepada Tuhan, gereja, maupun masyarakat. Melalui buku ini pembaca dapat mengikuti gagasan-gagasan sekaligus kegelisahan penulis, baik sebagai "anak Maluku" maupun selaku warga Indonesia dalam proses kesejarahannya. Menjadi Maluku di tengah keberadaan sebagai bagian dari kenyataan Indonesia, membutuhkan suatu keterbukaan pandang yang jeli. Sudah tidak cukup lagi memahami Maluku secara historik, apalagi secara sentimental dengankeberadaan budayawinya, seolah dia terisolasi dari berbagai perjumpaan panjang sejarahnya dengan bangsa-bangsa lain. Keberadaan sumber daya alaminya telah menarik perhatian berbagai bangsa di dunia untuk menyapanya dengan berbagai pengaruh yang mereka bawa. Tidak seperti kebanyakan studi dan analisis tentang Republik Maluku Selatan (RMS) yang pada umumnya mengkaji gerakan kelompok ini dari sudut pandang kepentingan “politik Jakarta”, penulis lebih melihatnya dari dinamika pergulatan sosial-politik lokal Ambon. Pula, tidak seperti pendapat sejumlah sarjana dan pengamat yang menganggap RMS sebagai gagasan “separatis Kristen” atau gerakan “Kristen separatis,” penulis melihat RMS sebagai fenomena yang sangat kompleks, bukan gerakan monolitik serta bukan sebuah “gerakan politik Kristen” mengingat di dalam RMS juga terdapat sejumlah elemen Islam. Buku ini merupakan setetes embun yang hendak menyegarkan ingatan kolektif masyarakat Maluku tentang fragmen-fragmen sejarah peradabannya yang pernah dihilangkan oleh rezim kekuasaan negara. Momentum Reformasi 1998 yang mengerucut pada implementasi desentralisasi “setengah hati” kekuasaan politik dan pengelolaan sumber daya (alam dan manusia) lokal menggelar cakrawala yang lebih luas untuk proses pencarian yang lebih kritis.
Documento pedagógico sobre a Avaliação da composição corporal em exercício e saúde.
Authors: Neiva Henrique P
Published: March 2019

Documento de apoio ao mestrado em exercício e saúde
Praktikum Algoritma dan Pemograman Berorientasi Objek Untuk Pemula Dengan dukungan pemograman visual dinamis
Authors: Falgenti Kursehi , Rahmatika
Published: March 2019

Mata kuliah Algoritma Pemograman merupakan matakuliah wajib di fakultas Ilmu Komputer.Dalam matakuliah ini mahasiswa mempelajari pemograman paradigma berorientasi prosedurkemudian dilanjutkan dengan paradigma berorientasi objek. Paradigma beroreintasi objek lebih sulitdipelajari karena pembahasan pemrograman berorientasi objek ini sangat luas, Menurut beberapapeneliti, siswa di negara berkembang menganggap pelajaran algoritma dan pemrograman sulitdipelajari. Untuk memudahkan mahasiswa menerima materi algoritma dan pemograman berorientasiobjek peneliti telah mengembangkan pemrograman visual, konsep belajar yang memvisualisasikanproses kerja algoritma dan pemograman. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisa dan mempelajari tigatool pemrograman visual dinamis. Metode yang digunakan dalam menganalisa adalah metodesurvei artikel-artikel penelitian tentang pemrograman visual. Dari hasil survei, dipilih tiga toolpemrograman visual yang banyak dipublikasikan, yaitu Jeliot, Ville, dan Jive. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa Ville memiliki beberapa keunggulan di antara tool pemrograman visual.Keunggulan tersebut di antaranya: tersedia materi untuk praktikum dan Ville bisa digunakan untukbanyak bahasa pemrograman berorientasi objek, tidak hanya bahasa pemrograman Java. Ville lebihcocok digunakan untuk mendukung praktikum algoritma dan pemrograman berorientasi objek dinegeri berkembang seperti Indonesia bila tersedia interface dalam Bahasa Indonesia.
Gereja dan Kepemimpinan Publik: Sepuluh Tahun Menanam dan Menyiram
Authors: Ruhulessin Jhony Christian
Published: March 2019

Buku ini hendak merangkum "scholarship spirit" dari John Ruhulessin (JR) yang melayani Gereja Protestan Maluku (GPM) selama 10 tahun (2005-2015) sebagai Ketua MPH, setelah sebelumnya selama 5 tahun (2000-2005) memimpin Angkatan Muda GPM. Buku ini memberikan ulasan tentang bagaimana JR dan rekan-rekannya mengartikulasikan gagasan dan konsern bahkan komitmennya terhadap nilai-nilai kemanusiaan dan pluralisme di ruang publik. Buku ini terdiri atas lima bab. Bab pertama merupakan biografi singkat JR. Bab dua memuat impresi dan apresiasi para sahabat dan kolega. Bab tiga dan empat berisi naskah-naskah Pidato Pembukaan Sidang BPL/MPL Sinode dan pidato HUT GPM. Bab lima memuat tulisan-tulisan terpilih yang pernah dipresentasikan di berbagai forum gerejawi maupun forum lintas agama. Dengan membaca buku ini, pembaca akan mengenal lebih dekat seorang John Ruhulessin, Pendeta sekaligus pelayan dan penggiat pelayanan publik.
JAWABAN SOAL UTS 2018/2019 MATAKULIAH HAKI
Authors: Setiawan Tri
Published: March 2019

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan mengamati penggunakan pembayaran elektronik dengan menggunakan dompet elektronik (dompet elektronik) yang ditawarkan oleh Aplikasi Dana. Dompet elektronik telah dipandang sebagai sebuah fasilitas yang memberikan kenyamanan dan kemudahan dalam bertransaksi. Namun demikian, banyak orang memandang bahwa teknologi ini juga memiliki risiko, terutama karena disebabkan terkait dengan pembayaran. Meskipun mengandung risiko menurut sebagaian orang, banyak pula pelanggan yang masih mempercainya dan tetap menggunakannya. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini mempertimbangkan faktor risiko dan kepercayaan untuk mengembangkan Technology Acceptance Model yang komprehensif. Temuan empiris menunjukkan bahwa baik risiko maupun kepercayaan berpengaruh terhadap penerimaan teknologi pembayaran elektronik. Kata kunci: Technology acceptance model, kepercayaan, risiko, pembayaran elektronik
Intuitive Prosociality: Heterogeneous Treatment Effects or False Positive?
Authors: Strømland Eirik , Torsvik Gaute
Published: March 2019

Heterogenous treatment effects make it difficult to extrapolate from one research setting to another. However, what appears to be differences in effects across subpopulations may simply be false positives. This paper uses a representative sample of the Norwegian population (N = 1390) to systematically test for several proposed sources of heterogeneity in the literature on intuitive prosociality – a literature with large variation in results, which some researchers claim results from heterogeneity in the underlying effect. We use time pressure to induce intuitive decision making, and exogenously vary participants’ experience with the game. We find no overall effect of time constraints on dictator game for inexperienced subjects, and there is no evidence for an interaction effect between subject experience and the effect of time pressure. As a more general test of treatment effect heterogeneity, we consider the full distribution of treatment effects conditional on various proposed moderators in the literature. The distribution of conditional effects is consistent with no causal effect of time pressure on giving and no systematic heterogeneity in the underlying effect across subpopulations.
selvi apriyani 165100077
Authors: Apriyani Selvi
Published: March 2019

Jd.id yaitu sebuah perusahaan mal daring yang beroperasi di Indonesia, jd.id dibentuk sebagai kerja sama dengan jd.com dan sebuah partner Indonesia. Jd.id mulai beroperasi dindonesia sejak oktober 2015. Awalnya jd.id focus terhadap elektronik dan gadgets yang sulit ditemukan, sejak itu mereka memperbesar penjualan produk mereka dan menambah produk seperti pakaian, produk kecantikan, dan produk kesehatan. Kemajuan teknologi informasi sekarang berkembang seiring perkembangan manusia. Teknologi infoemasi banyak dimanfaatkan oleh manusia yang melihat peluang bisnis dari kemajuan teknologi , seperti bisnis online di Indonesia bisnis online sudah bukan hal yang biasa di Indonesia. Dengan adanya bisnis online semua menjadi lebih mudah mendapatkan barang yang di inginkan oleh semua orang.Jd.id termasuk e-commerce yang B2C (Bisnis untuk pelanggan) dari barang – barang yang ditawarkan, customer dapat memesan dan membuat akun jd.id dengan mgisi formulir pendaftaran yang telah disediakan.
Notes on the Freedom Tower. Current issues in Networking (mesh).
Authors: Akmut Camille
Published: March 2019

Original research notes on the Freedom Tower by Free Network Foundation.Technical characteristics, as well as social, political and philosophical aspectsof a real incarnation of a mesh network. Highlights of shortcomings of theacademic literature, textbooks in particular, on mesh networks, peer-to-peer,and related subjects.
IDENTIFYING THE NEEDS ANALYSIS OF TASK BASED LEARNING MATERIALS
Authors: Kusnawati Tri
Published: March 2019

IDENTIFYING THE NEEDS ANALYSIS OF TASK BASED LEARNING MATERIALS
Artikulasi GPM dalam Dinamika Kebangsaan Indonesia
Authors: Ruhulessin Jhony Christian
Published: March 2019

Maluku dan Indonesia merupakan bagian dari sejarahbanga-bangsa yang makin terkoneksi dengan dunia global.Apalagi dengan adanya perkembangan yang revolusioner dibidang teknologi informasi. Berbagai pengaruh baik maupunburuk tak terhindarkan. Pengaruh-pengaruh itu kadangmenggerogoti bangunan kebangsaan Indonesia. Oleh sebabitu, agama-agama terpanggil untuk kritis dan kreatif dalammengelola persoalan-persoalan yang muncul.Dengan pertolongan Tuhan Yesus Kepala Gerejakiranya GPM dimampukan menjadi bagian dari elemenbangsa ini yang mewujudkan Indonesia yang adil dansejahtera, sebab keadilan dan kesejahteraan itu pula menjaditujuan agama-agama dihadirkan di muka bumi ini.
Hackers Revisited : the "original "hackers"". Clever solutions, political acts.
Authors: Akmut Camille
Published: March 2019

We correct here also many details of this literature that has purged the historyof modifiers from any political meanings or motivations. We remind of the widerhistory of systems modifiers.
What does the consumer benefit from the application of ISO/IEC 17025:2017 in food testing laboratories?
Authors: elsherif walaa mahmoud
Published: March 2019

تُعد الماشية (الأبقار والجاموس والماعز والأغنام) من أهم الحيوانات التي تزود الإنسان بالمنتجات الغذائية الرئيسية، كاللحم والحليب ومشتقاتهما، والجلود وبعض المواد البروتينية ومستخلصات الهرمونات، بالإضافة إلى كونها حيوانات عمل (خاصة الأبقار والجواميس) في كثير من بلدان العالم، حيث تساعد على إنجاز كثير من الأعمال الزراعية والفلاحية. وتعتمد صناعة الألبان في العالم على حليب البقر والجاموس بالمقام الأول، ثم حليب الأغنام والماعز. ونظراً لازدياد أعداد البقر والجاموس في العالم، فقد أصبح انتاج الحليب واللحوم ومشتقاتهما وطرق تسويق هذه المنتجات وحفظها وتعليبها، لاستعمالات طويلة الأمد، من أهم ميزات الزراعة الحديثة والتجارة، وبذلك تحولت صناعة الألبان واللحوم إلى علوم لها قواعد وأسس قوية، مرتبطة بالعلوم الأخرى لتحسين نوعية الألبان واللحوم وانتاج أنواع جديدة منها وتسويقها بنجاح وتحقيق عوائد مادية مربحة على المستوى المحلي والعالمي
Pengaruh Dimensi Kualitas Terhadap Kepuasan Nasabah Bank Pembangunan Daerah Kalimantan Timur Cabang Pembantu Tanah Kuning
Authors: Amrie Machmud Al , Nur Adi Aspian
Published: March 2019

Tujuan penelitian adalah (1) menganalisis dan mengetahui bahwa kualitas layanan yang terdiri dari daya tanggap, jaminan, bukti fisik berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan Nasabah Bank Pembangunan Daerah (BPD) Kalimantan Timur Cabang Pembantu Tanah Kuning (2) mengetahui dan menganalisis manakah kualitas layanan yang dominan berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan Nasabah Bank Pembangunan Daerah (BPD) Kalimantan Timur Cabang Pembantu Tanah Kuning.Hasil perhitungan diperoleh bahwa pengaruh Kualitas layanan berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan Nasabah Bank Pembangunan Daerah (BPD) Kalimantan Timur Cabang Pembantu Tanah Kuning.
Review "The Development Of Digital Economy In Indonesia" by Jimmi Kurniawan/130216125
Authors: Kurniawan Jimmi
Published: March 2019

Paper ini membahas mengenai perkembangan global yang semakin maju, dimana kita memasuki era industry 4.0 sehingga internet tidak menjadi hal yang tabu lagi.
Functional_Consequences_of_Social_Attention_Adult_EEG
Authors: Doherty Brianna , van Ede Frederik , Patai Eva Zita , Fraser Alex , Nobre Anna C. , Scerif Gaia
Published: March 2019

Social attention when viewing natural social (compared to non-social) images has functional consequences on contextual memory in healthy human adults. In addition to attention affecting memory performance, strong evidence suggests that memory in turn affects attentional orienting. Here we ask whether the effects of social processing on memory alter subsequent memory-guided attention orienting, and corresponding anticipatory dynamics of 8-12 Hz alpha-band oscillations as measured with EEG. Eighteen young adults searched for targets in scenes that contained either social or non-social distracters and their memory precision tested. Subsequently, reaction time was measured as participants oriented to targets appearing in those scenes at either valid (previously learned) locations or invalid (different) locations. Memory precision was poorer for target locations in social scenes. In addition, distractor type moderated the validity effect during memory-guided attentional orienting, with a larger cost in reaction time when targets appeared at invalid (different) locations within scenes with social distractors. The poorer memory performance was also marked by reduced anticipatory dynamics of spatially lateralized 8-12 Hz alpha-band oscillations for scenes with social distractors. The functional consequences of a social attention bias therefore extend from memory to memory-guided attention orienting, a bi-directional chain that may further reinforce attentional biases.
Are smartphones really that bad? Improving the psychological measurement of technology-related behaviors
Authors: Ellis David Alexander
Published: March 2019

Understanding how people use technology remains important, particularly when measuring the impact this might have on individuals and society. To date, research within psychological science often frames new technology as problematic with overwhelmingly negative consequences. However, this paper argues that the latest generation of psychometric tools, which aim to assess smartphone usage, are unable to capture technology related experiences or behaviors. As a result, many conclusions concerning the psychological impact of technology use remain unsound. Current assessments have also failed to keep pace with new methodological developments and these data-intensive approaches challenge the notion that smartphones and related technologies are inherently problematic. The field should now consider how it might re-position itself conceptually and methodologically given that many ‘addictive’ technologies have long since become intertwined with daily life.
Estimating the stability of heartbeat counting in middle childhood: a twin study
Authors: Murphy Jennifer , Cheesman Rosa , Gregory Alice M , Lau Jennifer , Ehlers Anke , Catmur Caroline , Bird Geoff , Eley Thalia Catherine
Published: March 2019

There is growing interest in interoception, the perception of the body’s internal state, and its relevance for health and higher-order cognition across development. To date, most evidence linking interoception to health and cognition has used the heartbeat counting task. However, the stability of the measure across time, particularly during childhood, and the etiological factors that underlie individual differences in stability remain largely unexamined. Using data from the ECHO twin sample (N=204 twin pairs), we estimated the magnitude of genetic and environmental influences on the stability of heartbeat counting across a two-year period (8-10 years), the longest time-frame examined. We found a relatively modest correlation between heartbeat counting accuracy across time (r=.35), with accuracy on the heartbeat counting task improving with age. In our longitudinal twin analysis, we found that the heritability of heartbeat counting dropped between Time 1 and Time 2 from 30% to 6%. No new genetic influences were observed at Time 2, suggesting that genetic influences across this age-range are entirely stable. In contrast, shared environmental influences increased from 6% to 22%, with most of the influence at Time 2 due to new environmental factors. Of note, nonshared environmental factors accounted for the greatest proportion of variance at both time points, 64% and 73% respectively, and were the main contributors to temporal stability in heartbeat counting accuracy. Future research should seek to identify these non-shared environmental factors and elucidate whether this relatively modest stability reflects variability of interoception across development or unreliability of the heartbeat counting task.
Prevalence of Thermophilic Campylobacter Isolated from Water Used in Slaughter House of Kathmandu and Ruphendehi District, Nepal
Authors: Bhattarai Dinesh , Bhattarai Nirajan , Osti Rajani
Published: March 2019

Campylobacter is a fastidious organism that is capable of surviving in wide range of environments and potentially can cause serious infection in human and animal which can commonly available in the different sources of water used for daily purpose. This research was conducted to figure out the prevalence of the thermophilic Campylobacter in the water used in various slaughter houses of Kathmandu and Ruphendehi district of Nepal. So a cross sectional study was conducted and 200 water samples (100 for each district) was collected aseptically and submitted to Bacteriological Unit for the confirmation. Isolation and identification of Campylobacter was being done as described by OIE Terrestrial Manual, 2004, Chapter 2.8.10. Laboratory finding was done to confirm the positive cases. The study revealed the prevalence status of Campylobacter in water used in the slaughter house of Ruphendehi district is 12% and Kathmandu Valley is 0.00%. Thus, Ruphendehi has comparatively more prevalence of Campylobacter than Kathmandu. The water samples tested were all from actual or potential water sources for the use in slaughter house, so there are clear implications for the transmission of Campylobacter spp. to human and animal suggesting further expanded research is required in this area.

Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 7(1): 75-80
E- Waste Management: An Emerging Challenge in Nepal
Authors: Khatri Bishnu B.
Published: March 2019

E-waste is one of the fastest growing waste streams, globally and volume of E-waste has been increasing day by day in developing countries, like Nepal. The aim of this paper is to assess the situation of E-waste in Nepal and its growing concerns of management. The study has utilized secondary information generated by published and unpublished documents. The paper revealed that socio-economic development and technological advancement are the main drivers of increasing trend of E-waste. The increasing trend of e-waste generation and lack legal provision in Nepal has come up as one of the major environmental problems and challenges for its proper management. Considering its adverse potential eco-toxicological impacts, the legal instrument of E-waste management is urgently needed addressing e-waste handling, storage, transportation, recycling, and final disposal.
Herbal Veterinary Practices by Tamang Community in Central Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Ila , Khadgi Prakash
Published: March 2019

Herbal veterinary practices survey has been carried out in different areas of central Nepal among the Tamang people. Tamang people have been using the existing plant resources for different ailments to the domestic animals. This paper deals with 44 species of the herbal veterinary practices along with botanical name, Nepali name, Tamang name, family, and its uses. The knowledge of herbal practices is limited to remote areas and is descendent from generation to generation. Consequently, curing of the disease by using herbal plants is one of the most important prevailing systems in central Nepal where the veterinary hospitals are in very poor condition.
Preferred Alignments of Angular Momentum Vectors of Galaxies in the SDSS Supercluster S[202-001+0084]
Authors: Malla Janak Ratna , Aryal Binil , Saurer Walter
Published: March 2019

We present a study of spin vector orientation of 1331 SDSS (Sloan Digital Sky Survey) galaxies in SDSS Supercluster S[202-001+0084] having redshift 0.02 to 0.03. The data are provided by our collaborator, Institute of Astro-particle Physics, Innsbruck University, Austria. We have converted two dimensional data to three dimensional by Godlowskian Transformation. Our aim is to find out non-random effects in the preferred alignments of angular momentum vectors of galaxies. In general, no preferred alignments angular momentum vectors of galaxies are noticed, supporting Hierarchy model of galaxy formation. In almost all sub samples the 1st order Fourier coefficient suggests that the angular momentum vectors are randomly oriented but other statistical tests suggest anisotropic distribution probably due to the binning effect and gravitational shearing effect.
Social Security System of Elderly Population in Nepal
Authors: Bhandari Kamala
Published: March 2019

Population is classified as aging when older population become a proportionately larger share of the total population where as social security refers to the financial support action programme of Govern­ment intended to promote welfare of the population that is potentially directed to vulnerable segment of the society such as children, the elderly, the sick and the unemployed. It is the tool for the government to take care of well being of it's citizen. Population aging generates many challenges. In response to tackle these issues and to address their needs the Government has developed the social security poli­cies, plan and acts. The main objective of this paper is to discuss on process of aging and the policy issue related to social security of old age population in Nepal.

This paper follows descriptive and analytical method based on the secondary data. The data from these sources are used to analyze the trend and process of aging and social security system in Nepal. Furthermore this paper is based on review of literature mainly books, journal, article and report.

Nepal is already in the process of population aging. population aging generates many challenges on social, economic and health care system. In response to tackle these issues and to address their needs the Government of Nepal has formulated separate policies and security programme for senior citizen and also committed to the various regional and international convention to promote welfare for senior citizen of the country.
Chemical Laboratory House Keeping: Safety and Practices
Authors: Dhital Khuma Sharma
Published: March 2019

A clean lab is safe lab. Good laboratory practice and laboratory housekeeping makes the laboratory quality assurance and quality control. It helps for laboratory safety and management for the reliable and accurate results. Laboratory housekeeping is the fundamental to ensure safe and healthy workplace to work for the staff, teachers and researchers.
My Journey from a Waiter to a Lecturer: An Autoethnography
Authors: Pasa Rajan Binayek
Published: March 2019

This study appraised my momentarily missing twelve years of formal education life (1990-2002) and thoughtful higher education life (2002 to onward). One of the main aims was to ascertain; what are the turning points of my education/working life struggles. In that context, I appraised how I became success to improve my family livelihood by working as a waiter, achieve higher educational status and started my academic career as a lecturer since my engagement with in/formal education. I applied autoethnography as methodology and narrative imagination and writing as inquiry as methods and meditation, self-reflexivity and self-interviewing as major sources of narrative information. While exploring my past, I found, I was ambitious/reflective actor, and rejected the reproduction of my occupational and educational status. I could not become astronaut but I was emotionally committed to perform and produce something unique in my life. Being there, by supporting my family livelihood, I was planning to pledge against stratified socio-economic and cultural structures. I applied vocational rehabilitation therapy and resiliency against my frustration and engaged in working life. My involvement in livelihood not only improved family livelihood but also encouraged me to embark in higher educational voyage. Ultimately, my higher education status and critical thinking ability helped me to transform my life from an anger driven behavior and feelings into happy oriented actions/interactions with self and others. Being here, after becoming a lecturer, I am seeing myself as a new potential organic intellectual as an outcome of my thoughtful education/working life struggles.
Problem of Statelessness in Nepal
Authors: Upadhyay Rameshwor
Published: March 2019

This paper highlighted Nepalese statelessness issue from Nationality perspective. Nationality is one of the major human rights concerns of the citizens. In fact, citizenship is one of the major fundamental rights guaranteed by the constitution. According to the universal principle related to the statelessness, no one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his or her nationality. In this connection, on one hand, this paper traced out the international legal obligations created by the conventions to the state parties in which state must bear the responsibility for making national laws to comply with the international instruments. On the other hand, this paper also appraised statelessness related lacunae and shortcomings seen in Municipal laws as well as gender discriminatory laws that has been supporting citizens to become statelessness. By virtue being a one of the modern democratic states in the world, it is the responsibility of the government to protect and promote human rights of the citizens including women and children. Finally, this paper suggests government to take necessary initiation to change and repeal the discriminatory provisions related to citizenship which are seen in the constitution and other statutory laws.
Unhomely Home: Cultural Encounter of Diaspora in Jhumpa Lahiri’s The Namesake
Authors: Paudel Rudra Prasad
Published: March 2019

This article discusses unhomely home of the diasporas which is constructed geographically and psychologically by encountering the alien culture based on Jhumpa Lahiri’s novel The Namesake. The purpose was to highlights recent debate on ‘home’ for immigrant and diasporic people. The notion of home for diasporas has become an injured concept which forces them to face scars and fractures, blisters and sores, and psychic traumas on the move. In such a situation, unhomely home refers to the condition of living here and belonging elsewhere. Jhumpa Lahiritells the story of two generations of Indian family and their struggle to acculturate themselves in the west. She presents a gloomy spectacle of racism, prejudice and marginalization in which Gogol, the son of a Bengali couple, Ashoke and Ashima Ganguli, becomes a victim of it. Gogol struggles to transform himself by escaping from the traditions of the community of Indian immigrants to which his family belongs. He also cannot assimilate with the American culture. He is an ABCD, an American Born Confused Desi. Here, Lahiri depicts that the ABCDs are unable to answer the question: where are you from? This novel explores the inner psyche of characters and brings out stirring and teasing scene of identity by clash of cultures. This paper hypothesizes that neither the diasporas belong to the root nor to the foreign land. They belong to nowhere. This hypothesis is tasted with postcolonial diasporic criticism.
Local Governance and Rural Development Practices in Nepal
Authors: Kharel Suman
Published: March 2019

Local governance particularly means democratic participation of the stakeholders in local development. In this process, rural development creates productive environment for market-led and environment friendly development that enrich quality of life of the people. The landscapes of local governance and rural development have been changing with new way of understanding. International communities are now realizing the transformative role of local governance and education. Nepalese government also has been facing many challenges while implementing local governance and rural development efforts. In this context, this paper reflectively appraised local governance and rural development practices of Nepal from decentralization theory and capability approach. However, subsequent discussions are presented based on secondary data, information and literatures. My discussions show that government of Nepal implemented local self-governance act-1999 for proper decentralization of power/jurisdiction in grassroots. Even though, since two decades local governance mechanisms are working with less capable staff and without elected bodies. For implementation of new constitution-2015, federal government restructured 753 local governance units. In that situation this paper came up with the argument that government mechanism need to foster institutional capability by mobilizing skilled manpower for implementing devolved 22 power/jurisdictions in local levels.
Agricultural Transformation around Koshi Hill Region: A Rural Development Perspective
Authors: Timalsina Tirtha Raj
Published: March 2019

Agriculture is considered to be the basic segment and the backbone of developing economy. In the same way it is a prime and dominant sector of Nepalese rural livelihood. By considering this fact, the true value of rural development lies on the rapid transformation of existing agricultural sector. The aim of this study is to analyze the role of agricultural transformation for rural development of Koshi Hill Region (KHR) of eastern Nepal. Both the primary as well as secondary data and information have been used to obtain the required findings. The study reveals the fact that agriculture is inevitable for rural people and its transformation is essential for the development of rural areas and the nation as a whole. Including primarily to the road network, the development of infrastructure can play the detrimental role to change the backward and rural scenario of this country.
Biodiversity Resources and Livelihoods: A Case from Lamabagar Village of Middle Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Uttam Sagar
Published: March 2019

The biodiversity resources are integral part of the livelihoods of residents of Lamabagar Village Development Committee. Over the last three decades, the number of species has been decreasing due to infrastructure developments- roads, hydropower’s. Reportedly, 277 species of plants 24 species of mammals and 37 species of birds were recorded in 2003 has come down to 244 species of plants, 20 species of mammals and 32 species of birds only in the present study. It has led mis-balance between biodiversity conservation and livelihood strategy. The present paper tries to discuss on overview of plant and animal diversity between 2003-2012, common relationship between bio-diversity resources and their implication in the livelihood, conservation issues and their threats. The findings of the work are based on the fieldwork carried out field survey between 2003 and 2012.
Transnationalism and the Resistance from Below
Authors: Pant Yadav Raj
Published: March 2019

This research article focuses on the deciphering of the various facets of transnationalism thereby opening up the avenues for the discussion of the resistance from below. Whether or not the transnationalism would support the resistance from below or resist the resistance from below is the concern of debate. However, the result of transnationalism causes the cultural fluidity and the hybridity in every aspect of life- be it cultural, political or economic. When transnationalism is defined as the tool for the global capitalism, the resistance from below could be eroded and sidelined. There, the relations are not as clear as one expects them and not as opaque as we assume them to be.
प्रबन्ध वक्रताका आधारमा खै–खै निबन्धको विश्लेषण Prabandha Wakratakaa Aadharma Khai Khai Nibandhako Vishleshan
Authors: गौतम Gautam अङ्गदमणि Adangamani
Published: March 2019

आचार्य कुन्तकको वक्रोक्ति सिद्धान्त पूर्वीय समालोचना सिद्धान्तमध्ये समन्वयवादी सिद्धान्तका रूपमा रहेको छ । वस्तुगत तथ्यमा आधारित रहेर काव्य रचनाको विश्लेषण गरिने भएकाले वक्रोक्ति सिद्धान्तको पाश्चात्य समालोचना सिद्धान्त शैलीविज्ञानसँग सामञ्जस्यता रहेको देखिन्छ । वक्रोक्ति सिद्धान्तमा आधारित भएर कुनै पनि कृतिमा भाषाको सबैभन्दा सानो एकाइ वर्णदेखि क्रमशः पद, वाक्य, प्रकरण हुँदै भाषाको सबैभन्दा ठूलो एकाइ प्रबन्ध वा सङ्कथन सम्मको विश्लेषण गर्न सकिन्छ । नेपाली साहित्यमा केशवराज पिंडाली एक सशक्त हास्यव्यङ्य निबन्धकारका रूपमा देखिन्छन् । उनको कलम उपन्यास, कथा, निबन्ध आदिमा चलेको भए पनि पिंडाली सर्वाधिक सफल निबन्धमै देखिन्छन् । वर्णविन्यास वक्रतादेखि प्रबन्ध वक्रतासम्मको सफल प्रस्तुति रहेका उनका निबन्धहरू उक्तिवैचित्र्यता युक्त छन् ।
नेपालमा संघीयता र यसको औचित्य Nepalma Sanghiyata ra Yasko Aachyautya
Authors: धौबन्जार Dhaubanjar गोपाल Gopal
Published: March 2019

Not available.
नेपालको इतिहासका स्रोतव्यक्ति युरोपेली पादरीहरुको प्रारम्भिक नेपाल प्रवेश : सामाजिक प्रभाव Nepalko Itihaska Srotbyakti Europeli Padariharuko Prarambhik Nepal Pravesh : Samajik Prabhav
Authors: पोखरेल विवश Pokhrel Biwas गोपाल Gopal
Published: March 2019

नेपालको संरचनादेखि अनवरतरुपमा आजसम्म नै यो भूभाग एक अद्भुतस्थल रहिआएको छ । यस क्षेत्रको समय–समयको सामाजिक–सांस्कृतिकलगायत पक्षमा प्रकाश पार्ने अनेक साधनमध्ये यहाँ आएका यात्रीहरुको यात्रा वृत्तान्त (टिपोट) पनि एक सहायक सामग्रीको रुपमा रहेको छ र त्यो वृत्तान्त (वयान) प्रस्तुत गर्ने यात्रीहरु स्रोतव्यक्तिको रुपमा स्थापित देखिन्छन् । यहाँ इ. सम्वत् प्रारम्भ हुनुभन्दा धेरै अगाडिदेखि नै उच्च प्रतिष्ठित व्यक्तिहरुको आगमन भइसकेकोमा दुई मत देखिदैन । विशेष गरी नेपालसंगसंगै रहेका उत्तर तथा दखिक्षणी राज्यबाट नेपालप्रवेश गर्ने क्रम इस्वी सम्वत् प्रारम्भपछि झन बढेर गयो । मध्यकाल अर्थात् इ. सोह्रौं शताब्दीको उत्तरार्धबाट भने युरोपेली इसाई धर्मालम्बी पादरीहरुको पनि नेपाल प्रवेश प्रारम्भ भयो । उनीहरुको विशेष काठमाडौं उपत्यका बसाइँले यहाँको परम्परागत सामाजिक–धार्मिक जीवनमा केही न केही प्रभाव पा¥यो । यहाँ आएका कतिपय इसाई पादरीको यात्रा वृत्तान्त तात्कालिक इतिहास–संस्कृति जानकारीको सहायक सामग्री हुनपुग्यो । यस लेखमा स्रोतव्यक्ति, उनीहरुको टिपोट तथा तात्कालिक समाजमा पु¥याएको प्रभाव आदिबारे केही न केही प्रकाश पार्ने कोशिस गरिएको छ ।
नेपाली साहित्यिक शब्दभण्डारले नेपाली छापा माध्यममा पारेको प्रभाव Nepali Sahityik Shabdabhandarle Nepali Chhapa Madhyamma Pareko Prabhav
Authors: दाहाल Dahal जनार्दन Janardan
Published: March 2019

Not available.
संस्कृत महाकाव्य सिद्धान्तको विवेचना Sanskrit Mahakavya Siddhantako Vivechana
Authors: तिमिल्सिना Timilsina महानन्द Mahananda
Published: March 2019

Not available.
बझाङी लोकगीतको अध्ययन Bajhangi Lokgeetko Adhyayan
Authors: पण्डित Pandit लक्ष्मीराज Laxmiraj
Published: March 2019

यस लेखमा बझाङमा गाइने लोकगीतहरूमा सांख्य, वेदान्त दर्शन, अलङ्कार, गुण, रीति, अमिधा, लक्षणा, व्यञ्जना, रस, भाव जस्ता साहित्यका उत्कृष्ट तइभ्वले विभूषित भएका देखिन्छन् । यिनमा नै सङ्गतिको श्रुतिमनोहर माधुर्यता भरिएको छ । अनेक लय तथा तालका साथ यीं लोकगीतको संयोग भएपछि कर्णप्रिय हुन्छन् । यीं लोकगीतहरू स्तरीय काव्यकृतिहरूभन्दा कम छैन भन्ने कुराको विश्लेषण गर्न खोजिएको छ । बझाङी लोकगीतहरूलाई कालिदासका प्रमुख कृतिहरूसंग भाव सामिप्यता रहेको देखिन्छ भन्ने कुरालाई केही उदाहरण दिएर स्पष्ट गर्ने प्रयास गरिएको छ ।