bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengembangan Plastik Pengemas Obat yang Informatif dan Beradsorben
Authors: Eling Bunga Nurani  , Amatullah Syarifah  , Nilta Dizzania  , Deni Agustin Wulandari  , Amyda Ayu Dianritami
Published: March 2022

The problem of labeling on plastic medicine packaging which is less informative and its function in maintaining drug quality is very crucial. The purpose of this research and development is to produce informative and absorbent drug packaging plastics. The method used is the ADDIE research and development model. The development stage is carried out by testing physical stability and chemical stability testing. The implementation phase was carried out by asking for responses from 10 pharmacists and 15 ordinary people. Based on the results of the physical stability test, the drug stored in the plastic packaging of the drug that was developed was more physically stable. Based on the results of chemical stability tests, the absorbance of drugs stored in drug packaging plastics developed is more stable than ordinary drug packaging plastics, which is indicated by a smaller slope value. Based on the questionnaires distributed to pharmacists, they strongly agree with the adequacy of the information and agree with the readability, attractiveness of appearance, and usefulness of the adsorbent in the plastic drug packaging developed. Based on the questionnaires distributed to the general public, they strongly agree with the adequacy of the information and agree with the readability, attractiveness of appearance, and the usefulness of the adsorbent in the plastic drug packaging developed.
The Economic Impact of Monsoon Flood and Its Spillover on the Households of Bangladesh
Authors: Morshed Shahriar , Rahman Md. Tahidur , Rokonuzzaman Sheikh , Hossain Altaf
Published: March 2022

Bangladesh experiences mild to devastating floods during the monsoon season of every year due to its geographical location. Whatever nature these floods may possess, they can be both a curse and a blessing for the people of this country. Self-reporting of Bangladesh Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) 2016 provides us with an opportunity to analyze the direct impact of the flood on the households’ development outcomes, such as income, expenditure, assets, and labor market outcomes at a microlevel. We also use the government report to identify the households that were treated in the report as being flooded but did not report as so in the HIES 2016. We use these two measures of flood exposure to estimate the full economic impact of monsoon floods and investigate any spillover effect to verify the preciseness of flood identification measure of self-reporting. Our modified control group meticulously strengthen the argument of flood impact and inaccuracy of its self-reporting by revealing households’ inhuman displacement in education and health expenditures. Though some river-centric trade centers offer employment and income increases for households, Bangladesh seems to lose its antique blessing of silt-laden flood water to replenish the fertility of flooded crop fields.
La incorporación de España al CoCom: ¿un asunto menor?
Authors: Martínez Lliso Ferran
Published: March 2022

El presente artículo pretende analizar la evolución e importancia del proceso de integración de España al Comité Coordinador para el Control Multilateral de las Exportaciones Estratégicas o CoCom, un organismo multilateral creado en el contexto de la Guerra Fría cuya función consistía en controlar las exportaciones occidentales de defensa al bloque comunista. La definitiva incorporación de España a la organización a finales de 1985 pondría punto final a un proceso que comenzaría en los años 1981-1982 y que iría adquiriendo cada vez más relevancia en el marco de las relaciones entre España y Estados Unidos.
Skills als basis voor een nieuwe (re-)integratiepraktijk
Authors: Sanders Jos , Post Jouke , van Genabeek Joost , Ballafkih Hafid
Published: March 2022

A skills approach to (re)integrating the unemployed

Substantial and continuous shifts in skills demands urge us to rethink education, labour market and reintegration policies and practices. In this article, we argue for a more skills based approach to (re)integration. This skills based (re)integration practice is based more on up-to-date, complete and validated skills sets of candidates, than on diplomas and other, more or less, outdated and incomplete proxies to one’s current skills. Such a new reintegration practice seems feasible if the actual and complete skills set of an individual becomes the starting point for both matching, guidance and (up/re)skilling efforts. Intersectoral mobility, alternative career pathways and suitable training and development routes can be designed on a more fine-grained skills basis, with occupations considered more as dynamic sets of tasks requiring specific skills. This new (re)integration practice presupposes a common skills language, which is being developed in the Netherlands, Competent NL. Sectoral and intersectoral experiments with skills instruments using this language, such as skills passports, are conducted to optimize their quality and effectiveness. Since first experiments with skills instruments seem promising, we argue that more room for experiment is required. So that integration in the labor market can be sustained and reintegration practices can be prevented.
Introductie: het paradoxale van samenwerking als sturingsvorm
Authors: La Grouw Yvonne , van Ostaijen Mark
Published: March 2022

Dossier

In this feature authors discuss recent research findings that are of interest to readers of Beleid en Maatschappij.
Paradoxaal sturen: conflict en democratie in duurzame stedelijke regio’s
Authors: Metze Tamara
Published: March 2022

Dossier

In this feature authors discuss recent research findings that are of interest to readers of Beleid en Maatschappij.
Omgaan met paradoxen in sector-overschrijdende samenwerking
Authors: van Hille Iteke
Published: March 2022

Dossier

In this feature authors discuss recent research findings that are of interest to readers of Beleid en Maatschappij.
Teacher Perceptions on Covid-19 Pandemic and Vaccination in Turkey
Authors: Kocoglu Erol
Published: March 2022

Most of the world to continue Covidien-19 outbreak influence and protection against epidemics aimed at reducing the impact of the strengthening pandemic immunization efforts is greater than last year in Turkey is one of the problems keeping its actuality. This is to completely eliminate the problems of the world in Turkey was put immediately into practice several measures, such as the measures taken in other countries. Although these practices have turned the direction of daily case and mortality figures into negative, it cannot be said that a clear goal has been achieved at the desired level. In addition, vaccination studies, which started within the framework of the epidemic, have remarkably affected the society's attitude towards the epidemic. Although the effect of these dimensions covers many aspects of life, it can be said that it is seen in people who are more isolated in their social life and fear of loneliness causes psychological disturbances. In this study, the perceptions of educators regarding the Covidien-19 outbreak and vaccination efforts in Turkey were evaluated. These trainers, Turkey constitutes teachers working in different regions. Opinions of teachers on the subject of study were taken from the virtual environment in various ways (mail, zoom, Google meet, etc.) and evaluated. In the evaluation, it can be said that remarkable results were obtained.
Internship Training of Medical Laboratory Technician Students at the Faculty of Medicine
Authors: Bayıl-Oğuzkan Sibel , Ozaslan Mehmet
Published: March 2022

The internship period of the students enrolled in the Medical Laboratory Techniques Associate Degree Program starts when they come to the second year. Students complete their internships in the 3rd and 4th semesters after completing their 1st and 2nd semester courses and succeeding their courses. Students enrolled in the "Medical Laboratory Techniques Associate Degree Program" can do their internship in the "Clinical Microbiology Laboratory", "Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory", "Pathology Laboratory" and "Hematology Laboratory" and each of them for at least 4 weeks. Training and Research Hospitals, Education and Research Hospitals affiliated with the Ministry of Health that provide Specialization Training in Medicine, and Full-Fledged State Hospitals. This study is the data obtained by observing students who do their internship in 4 different units in the research and practice hospital both in the fall and spring terms. Therefore, the establishment of the medical laboratory technician program within the Health Services Vocational School (Vocational School) in universities with research and application hospitals is extremely important in terms of the quality and functioning of the program. In this study, the educational internships of the students enrolled in this program at the medical faculty were examined.
Preparation and In Vitro Evaluation of Daidzein-Loaded Nanoparticulate Systems
Authors: SEVINC OZAKAR Rukiye , CETIN Meltem , TAGHIZADEHGHALEHJOUGHI Ali , HACIMUFTUOGLU Ahmet
Published: March 2022

Daidzein is a water-insoluble phytoestrogenic isoflavone of the Leguminosae family, mainly found in soy and soy-derived foods. Daidzein has a broad spectrum of physiological and pharmacological functions. It has anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, enzyme inhibitor properties and causes a decrease in low-density lipoprotein levels. Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is the most common, rapidly progressing, and fatal primary brain tumor. It accounts for more than 51% of all gliomas. For this reason, much scientific research is being done to treat brain tumors. This study aims to prepare daidzein-loaded PLGA and PLGA-Gelucire® 44/14 nanoparticles for the treatment of GBM and to evaluate their characteristics, neurotoxicity, and cytotoxicity in vitro. The PLGA and PLGA-Gelucire® 44/14 nanoparticles were prepared by using the non-modified and modified emulsion-solvent diffusion method. The surface morphology, particle size, zeta potential (ZP), encapsulation efficiency (EE) and in vitro release characteristics of nanoparticles were investigated. Furthermore, FT-IR, DSC and SEM were used to characterize these systems. The neurotoxicity on neurons and cytotoxicity against the U-87 MG cell line of the chosen optimum nanoparticle formulations were evaluated. The mean particle size and ZP values of all prepared nanoparticles were a range of 198.52±7.04-672.78±70.95 nm (p≥0.05) and -14.70±0.36--0.50±0.34 mV (p≥0.05), respectively. SEM images of nanoparticles revealed their approximately spherical shape. The EE % values of nanoparticles were a range of % 35.79±3.43-84.85±2.20 (p≥0.05). The cumulative daidzein release from daidzein-loaded nanoparticle formulations was up to about 100 % at 19-37 days of release. It was found that the prepared nanoparticulate systems reduced the neurotoxic effects of daidzein and showed similar cytotoxic effects to those of daidzein (p0.05). The prepared nanoparticles are useful and promising systems for sustained release of daidzein, reduction of the neurotoxic effects of daidzein at high doses (200 μM and 300 μM) and maintaining of its cytotoxic activity against cancer cells.
Kedudukan perjanjian perkawinan dalam Hukum positif di indonesia
Authors: Herniati  , Kalman Kajagi
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis kedudukan serta akibat hukum perjanjian perkawinan dalam Hukum Positif yang ada di Indonesia

            Metode penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif yang meneliti peraturan-peraturan hukum melalui studi kepustakaan yang kemudian dianalisis dan dideskripsikan dalam hasil penelitian

            Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa perjanjian yang dibuat sebelum perkawinan mempunyai kedudukan  yang pengaturannya   sudah  tertuang dalam KUHPerdata, Undang-UndangNomor  1 Tahun 1974, dan Kompilasi Hukum Islam, perjanjian perkawinan ini dibuat untuk kepentingan perlindungan hukum terhadap harta bawaan masing-masing, suami ataupun isteri. Akibat  Hukum   Dari   Perjanjian  Perkawinan terhadap harta kekayaan Perkawinan yakni kebersamaan harta kekayaan perkawinan  terbatas sesuai dengan perjanjian perkawinan selain itu  adanya perlindungan hukum terhadap kepemilikan harta  dalam perkawinan bagi suami atau pun istri,  perjanjian perkawinan tidak boleh melanggar atau bertentangan dengan ketertiban umum, kesusilaan, hukum dan agama. Perjanjian perkawinan berlaku pada saat atau sejak perkawinan dilangsungkan. Perjanjian pada prinsipnya tidak boleh dirubah setelah perkawinan dilangsungkan.
TANGGUNG JAWAB PERAWAT YANG MELAKUKAN TINDAK MEDIK DALAM RANGKA MELAKSANAKAN TUGAS DOKTER DI RUAH SAKIT UMUM DAERAH JAYAPURA
Authors: Herniati  , Ingratubun M. Husni , Kusnanto
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini dengan judul Tanggung Jawab Perawat yang Melakukan Tindak MedikDalam Rangka Melaksanakan Tugas Dokter di RSU Daerah Jayapura, dengan menggunakan metode penelitian penelitian hukum normatif-empiris (applied law research) adalah penelitian yangmenggunakan studi kasus hukum normatif-empiris dengan mengkaji berupa produk hukum yakniUndang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945. Undang-Undang Nomor 38 Tahun2014 tentang Keperawatan, Undang-Undang Nomor 36 Tahun 2009 tentang Kesehatan, UndangUndangNomor44Tahun2009tentangRumahSakit,Undang-UndangNomor29Tahun2004tentang

Praktek

Kedokteran, Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 1992 tentang Kesehatan, PeraturanPemerintah Nomor 32 Tahun 1996 tentang Tenaga Kesehatan, Permenkes Nomor.HK.02.02/MENKES/148/I/2010 tentang Izin dan Penelenggaraan Praktik Perawat kemudian dikaitkan dengandata empirik, adapun hasil penelitian ini adalah Perawat dapat bertanggung jawab atas kesalahantindakan medis yang ia lakukan baik pertanggungjawaban hukum administrasi, hukum perdatamaupun pidana. Pertanggungjawaban hukum administrasi lahir karena adanya pelanggaranterhadap ketentuan hukum administrasi, Perawat dapat bertanggung jawab secara hukum perdataapabila tindakan perawat termasuk perbuatan melawan hukum sesuai dengan yang disebutkan dalam1365 KUHPerdata. Namun, Pasal 1367 KUHPerdata, bahwasanya dokter sebagai atasan yangmemberi instruksi kepada perawat yang mana sebagai bawahannya bertanggung jawab terhadaptindakan medik yang dilakukan oleh perawatnya, Pertanggungjawaban pidana terjadi karenakesalahan yang dilakukan oleh tenaga perawat dalam pelayanan kesehatan dapat terjadi karena tenaga kesehatan melakukan sesuatu yang seharusnya tidak dilakukan atau tidak melakukan sesuatuyang seharusnya dilakuan.
Fingerprint Identification using Multiwavelet Transform
Authors: Hussein Enas
Published: March 2022

identification systems have been developed to achieve automatic identification of a person based on his physiological or behavioral characteristics. Biometric systems are critical in a wide range of applications such as banking system, E-commerce, smart cards, and access control to secure system. Automatic fingerprint identification is one of the most reliable biometric system, which is used for identifying persons. This study, aim is to design a fingerprint identification system, which is capable of identifying a fingerprint with high level of accuracy. Therefore, this system can be applied to a wide range of forensic applications. The proposed algorithm based upon multiwavelet transform (one level) as feature extraction and minimum distance classifier ( Euclidean distance) to make automatic fingerprint identification . The identification accuracy of this algorithm has been found to be 72%.
مقارنة لبعض المقدرات الحصينه لمعالم النماذج اللاخطيه
Authors: شاهين حمزة
Published: March 2022

أخذ التقدير الحصين لمعالم أي نموذج اهتماما كبيرا في الفترة الاخيرة ولكن اكثر البحوث كانت من حصة النماذج الخطية .ولأن اغلب التجارب العملية تتمثل بنماذج لاخطية جاءت اهمية هذة الدراسة حيث تم في هذا البحث تطوير طريقة M المستخدمة في النماذج الخطية لتكون قادرة على تقدير معالم نموذج لاخطي تقديرا حصينا فضلا عن اقتراح احصائيتان تستخدم ضمن طريقة M ،وكذلك تم بحث وتوضيح كيفية استخدام طريقة L1-norm لتقدير معالم نموذج لاخطي تقديرا حصينا .أما مقارنة الطرق المدروسة في هذا البحث والطرق الكلاسيكية فقد تمت من خلال المحاكاة وبأستخدام اربعة احجام عينات مختلفة.
MODIV: A Proposed Method for Data Encryption
Authors: Alsaadi Qusay
Published: March 2022

Starting from the principle of computer security that branched to many fields, whereas the encryption is one from, therefore this paper focused on a new idea of data encryption, it depends on modular and integer division operations, and then will produce two numbers, first one represents the result of (MOD operation), second one represents the result of (DIV operation), and then these two numbers and the secret key will be used within the two functions to produce an encrypted file. The proposed method will use one symmetric key to encrypt the plaintext, also there is another proposed elementary level of encryption depends on substitution technique, Finally this paper includes explanation of how the data will be encrypted and decrypted using the idea of (MODULAR and DIVISION), also include some results, computations, the proposed algorithm. This technique will be named as (MODIV) method
Neural Net Approach For Image Thinning
Authors: Ali Itemad
Published: March 2022

Thinning is the operation that seeks to reduce a connected region of pixels of a given property set to a small size. One of the most applications of thinning is the image recognission. In this paper, we proposed a new algorithm for thinning an image using Neural Net approach called (Thinning Back- propagation algorithm, TBP), the results show that the operation considered including Zhang Suen algorithm, Hilditch's algorithm. Applying Zhang Suen and Hilditch's algorithms showed that the output of the Hilditch's algorithm is better from the presence of shape accuracy point of view. The proposed Thinning Back-propagation (TBP) algorithm is superior to other algorithms; the results show that the Hilditch's algorithm gives somewhat better results than Zhang Suen algorithm, therefore the proposed TBP has been implemented depending on the Hilditch's algorithm. The accuracy of the TBP is equivalent to Hilditch's algorithm but it is a little bit faster than Hilditch's algorithm. Experimental results are presented to compare the performance of the algorithms.
Analytical Study for Economics of Producing Rice in Najaf Governorate. During 2009 Season
Authors: Obaid Raad
Published: March 2022

This research aims to estimate and analyze the function of rice production in Najaf area Governorate through analyzing the relation between inputs and outputs, then to estimate a technical and economical efficiency in using the resources of production through their ideal elements. Also to limit the ideal standards in using the elements of production. This research depends on cross section data which presents the size of production in 2009 season, presented by (72) farms in the area. Statistical analyses used Cobb-Doglas function to clarify the relationship between inputs and out puts.The economic derivative was calculated in order to identify the pattern of the usage of Capital and labor resources . The optimum combination of these were found by using (131) hour/donum ,and(400285) dinar/donum,and the optimum production stands at(777.7) kg/donum,while the average production for each donum was (575)kg/donum.
Minimax Estimation Of The Parameter Of The Maxwell Distribution Under Quadratic Loss Function
Authors: Rasheed Huda
Published: March 2022

This paper is concerned with the problem of finding the minimax estimators of the parameter θ of the Maxwell distribution (MW) for quadratic loss functions by applying the theorem of Lehmann [1950]. Through simulation study the performance of this method compared with the classical methods containing the Maximum Likelihood and moment Estimators with respect to Mean squared-errors (MSEs) .We reach to that the Minimax estimator with small positive values of c gives the best results, followed by the Maximum likelihood estimator
Direct Torque Control of Induction Motor Based on Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors: Humod Abdulrahim , Jabbar Wiam
Published: March 2022

Induction Motor (IM) is most commonly used in different industrial applications, that require fast dynamic response and accurate control over wide speed ranges. Therefore, this paper proposes high performance Direct Torque Control (DTC), which is closed loop control system to improve the dynamic performance of IM. The main objective of this work is to improve the speed response of IM during different load and speed conditions. Proportional-Integral (PI) controller based on Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) technique is used for optimal gains tuning. The results show the improvement in the speed response of DTC using PSO technique when compared with conventional PI and the conventional DTC (without PI), in terms of reducing steady state error, settling time, overshoot and ripple reduction which make this controller more robust to variation in load and speed. The simulation of the overall drive system is performed using MATLAB/Simulink program version 7.10 (R2010a).Keywords: Induction Motor (IM), Direct torque control, PI controller and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO).
Transient Three-Dimensional Natural Convection in Confined Porous Media with Time-Periodic Boundary Conditions
Authors: Hasan Wajeeh , Mahmood Mohammed
Published: March 2022

Transient three-dimensional natural convection in confined fluid-saturated porous media had been investigated numerically through this work. The geometry selected is a box with time-periodic temperature variation at the vertical sides and constant wall temperature at the top and bottom. In this investigation, the momentum equation of flow through fluid-saturated porous media had been transformed to a vector potential form and solved numerically using the Successive Over Relaxation method while the energy equation is solved using the three-dimensional Alternating Direction Implicit method. The values of the Rayleigh number under investigation are (150, 200, 250 and 300). The results are presented in a form of contour maps for the temperature and a velocity vector maps for the velocity. The results reveal that the temperature within the box is increased as the time or Rayleigh number increase.The Nusselt number varies inversely with the time and directly with the Rayleigh number. Two cell convective patterns are obtained in the y-z
De-Suung: The Orange Army
Authors: Rizal Govinda
Published: March 2022

What was the need of the Orange Army with strength more than that of the Royal Bhutan Army or the Royal Bhutan Police? The Orange Army called De-Suung (Organisation) and Desuup (members) established in 2010 on the auspicious of the King’s thirtieth birthday is now the largest force in the country with more than 18,000 permanent members from all walks of life and all corners of the country. Formed on the principle of volunteerism, the Orange Army is dedicated to crowd control, rescue, and operation during emergencies, and takes up the role of alert citizens. Now, it is the fastest-growing organisation in the country. Its formation and functioning are outside the expectation of the constitution. However, the King who is the guardian of the constitution and the supreme commander in chief of armed forces and militia is also the supreme commander of this extra-constitutional Orange Army. While the King needs a recommendation from the Prime Minister to command the army and police, the government has no control over the Orange Army, formed and run by the King who commands it directly. The Orange Army is now running a parallel government and is growing incredibly popular among the citizens most of whom are not happy with the democratic parliamentary system in the country and victims of calamities. There is no mechanism to check the cankerous Orange Army if it walks the way of SAVAK, Gestapo, Ku Klux Klan, or the Yakuza except the formation of another extra-constitutional institution to counter it.
Simplified Control Structure of Fuzzy Logic and Kalman Filter for Induction Motor Drive
Authors: Nguyen Dung Quang , Nguyen Quang Thanh , Nguyen Trung Van , Le Tai Huu , Vo Hau Huu , Brandstetter Pavel
Published: March 2022

The paper deals with the utilization of Kalman filter and fuzzy logic control in induction motor drive with direct torque control (DTC). In order to lower ripple of stator current vector in DTC drive, pulse width modulation technique with high switching frequency is applied. However, the performance of the DTC also depends on the accuracy of both stator resistance and stator current vector. In the paper, the stator resistance and stator current components are assumed to be distorted by Gaussian noises. In order to reduce the effect of noises especially at low speed and very low speed regions, a simple Kalman filter is applied for filtering current components, and fuzzy logic theory is used to increase the flexibility of proportional-integral (PI) compensator in the speed controller of the drive structure. Simulations are implemented in conditions of high-level noises of stator current and stator resistance, and a wide range of load torque. An ITAE-based criterion is utilized to evaluate the performance of drive structures. Results confirmed the expected dynamic properties of the proposed drive structure. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited.
Non-Performing Loans of Commercial Banks, and Their Causes: Evidence from Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Duy Suu , Nghiem Quy Hao , Do Thanh Nhan
Published: March 2022

Non-Performing Loans (NPLs) are a significant issue for all banks in Vietnam, attracting considerable attention from scholars. Our research aims to nd out the factors that affect the NPLs of Vietnamese commercial banks. The study uses Pooled Ordinary Least Square (OLS), Fixed effect, Random effect, and Generalized Least Square to examine secondary data of 28 commercial banks annually for the period 2008-2019. Consistent with previous research, the main finding shows that macroeconomic and microeconomic factors impact NPLs. Remarkably, provision for credit risk (PCR) has a significantly positive effect on the NPL ratio. Besides, foreign investor ownership (FOR) and bank size (SIZE) negatively affect the NPL ratio. Especially, for the positive correlation between foreign investor ownership and bank performance, the commercial bank should expand to enhance operational efficiency. Regarding macro factors, the results conclude that gross domestic product (GDP) growth and the unemployment rate (UEP) have a significantly negative relationship on NPLs. Therefore, the State Bank of Vietnam and the banks need to understand the leading causes as they directly relate to the banks in the context of the prevailing economic environment.This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited.
Review on Graphene-based Absorbers for Infrared to Ultraviolet Frequencies
Authors: Patel Shobhit K , Surve Jaymit , Parmar Juveriya , Nguyen Truong Khang
Published: March 2022

The graphene-based absorbers are widely applicable and highly efficient. Graphene has very high electrochemical properties due to which tuning characteristics can be achieved with efficient and broadband absorption response. For this review paper, we have divided the graphene-based absorbers into three categories (Absorber sensors, Solar absorbers, and THz absorbers) based on their applications. We have presented a detailed discussion on various designs and their analysis in this paper. Absorber sensors are mainly applicable in biosensors for the detection of hemoglobin, urine biomolecules using the tuning properties of graphene, and are also applicable in medical, environmental, chemical, biological diagnostic applications. Solar absorbers are applicable in energy harvesting devices. Adding graphene layer in solar absorber design gives the highly efficient and broadband absorption response. THz absorbers are applicable in the THz applications in sensing and imaging devices. Some of the THz absorbers are improving the applications in the new field of nano-optics with 2D material. Graphene and its excellent electrical and optical properties are applied in material designs which create new structures applicable in novel applications like sensing, imaging, solar energy harvesting, etc.This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited.
Ensino médio integral e protagonismo juvenil: práticas e vivências na escola do novo saber no Amapá
Authors: Pereira Nelcy Da Costa , Barleta Ilma Andrade
Published: March 2022

O protagonismo juvenil tem sido bastante discutido no meio educacional, principalmente, a partir da Lei n.º 13.415/2017 sobre a reforma do Ensino Médio no Brasil. O objetivo neste trabalho é o de analisar o protagonismo juvenil no Ensino Médio. Assim, questionou-se como o protagonismo juvenil se constitui na escola de Ensino Médio Integral, utilizando-se como metodologia a pesquisa bibliográfica e de campo, com o uso de questionário aplicado aos egressos do Ensino Médio Integral. De acordo com os pressupostos da política para o Ensino Médio Integral, o protagonismo juvenil enquanto ação educativa se constitui por meio da participação ativa, na qual o educando é visto como fonte de iniciativa e de liberdade. Portanto, ele deve contribuir para que o jovem se torne autônomo, competente e solidário ao longo da sua vida social e profissional - condição que, segundo os egressos, ainda acontece de forma operacional e simbólica.
Why Has Catastrophe Mitigation Failed in the U.S.?
Authors: Rauscher Natalie , Werner Welf
Published: March 2022

Natural disasters and extreme weather events are common in North America. The U.S. in particular, is especially exposed to natural catastrophes, such as earthquakes, drought and fires on the Western Coast, recurring severe storms, tornados (in the Midwest), and hurricanes in the South-East, as well as flooding that follows these storms and strong precipitation. In historical terms the losses and damages caused by these events have taken place under specific national boundary conditions that significantly differ from those in many poorer countries that are prone to natural catastrophes; over the last century, the U.S. witnessed a steep increase in economic growth and wealth, especially after WWII, which made the country more prone to material losses but which could have also provided it with the necessary resources to successfully fight exposure to these catastrophes ”The rapid and fairly stable rise in prosperity formed a background against which the enormous suffering and considerable destruction caused by natural catastrophes played out.” (Werner 2017: 260) From the early 1990s on, events like Hurricane Andrew (1992) and later Hurricane Katrina (2005) drew a mark on the American public consciousness. Along with smaller and medium-size events, this led the public to suspect that the frequency and intensity of such natural catastrophes were increasing and were the consequence of climate change. Climate change, warming temperatures, melting ice caps, and elevated sea levels are most likely due to human influence in recent decades. Therefore, severe weather events as predicted by climate experts, are surely to blame for the ever increasing costs and damages from these weather events.
Wer macht die Regeln? Zur emergenten Normativität der digitalen Plattformen
Authors: Carvalho Julio , Negócio Ramon
Published: March 2022

Der vorliegende Beitrag ist ein Entwurf einer praxeologischen Beschreibung der normativen Phänomene in der digitalen Welt. Wir argumentieren, dass die digitalen Plattformen eine nomogenetische Struktur einschließen, die nicht selten mit der staatszentrierten Rechtsnormativität in Wettstreit gerät. Die zunehmende Digitalisierung des kommunikativen Interaktionsraums der Gesellschaft hat großenteils den Normerzeugungsprozess auf das außerstaatliche - und zugleich länderübergreifende - Gebiet der sozialen Digitalnetzwerke verlagert. Die daraus für die neuen Bedingungen der Gesellschaftsformierung entstehenden Konsequenzen sind keineswegs zu vernachlässigen, insofern als sie die Vorherrschaft der staatlichen Rechtsproduktion und -stabilisierung, wenn man das überhaupt so sagen darf, infrage stellen. Der Überlegungsgang des Textes ist zweigeteilt: In einem ersten Schritt werden einige Episoden des digitalen Lebenszusammenhangs beobachtet, die auf diese nomogenetische Struktur der digitalen Plattformen hinweisen. In einem zweiten Schritt steuern wir auf die Frage zu, inwieweit man von einer de facto Normativität der sozialen Digitalnetzwerke sprechen kann. Der Knackpunkt hierbei liegt vor allem in der Erhellung der Faktizität der sozialkonstitutiven Regeln, die von den Plattformen und ihren Teilnehmern ständig manipuliert werden.
Determination of Streptococcus pneumonia Serotypes Isolated from Clinical Specimens: A Step Toward the Production of a Native Vaccine in Iran
Authors: Esteghamati Abdoulreza , Nazari-Alam Ali , Badamchi Ali , Faramarzi Mahmood , Alipoor Mehri , Baradaran Moghaddam Ali , Tavakoli Ahmad , Rahbar Mohammad , Fagheei Aghmiyuni Zeinab , Sayyahfar Shirin
Published: March 2022

Background: Streptococcus pneumoniae remains a major cause of invasive streptococcal diseases among all age groups, particularly infants and the elderly. Objectives: This study aimed to recognize and determine S. pneumoniae serotypes isolated from clinical specimens by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Methods: A total of 105 pneumococcal strains were collected from nonvaccinated cases within the age range of 10 days to 92 years from five provinces of Iran within June 2017 to August 2019. The strains were cultured on blood agar. Biochemical analyses and molecular tests were performed for the primary identification of bacterial isolates. Capsular typing was carried out by multiplex PCR assay. Primers that target the capsular polysaccharide site were used in this study. Results: Out of 130 studied clinical specimens, 105 isolates of S. pneumoniae were detected and identified. The most frequently isolated capsular types were 6B, 14, 19A, and 1. Serotype distribution consisted of 83.5% of vaccine serotype and 16.5% of nonvaccine serotype. The serotype 6B was significantly more frequent (P < 0.05) among the invasive clinical isolates (75%) compared to that among their noninvasive counterparts (25%). The distribution of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV-13) serotypes in invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and non-IPD revealed 83% and 84% of the isolated serotypes, respectively. Moreover, 83.5% of all the serotypes identified in the study were covered by PCV-13 serotypes. Conclusions: The common serotypes of invasive and noninvasive groups in Iran are covered by PCV-13.
Neutrality, Critique, and Social Visibility
Authors: Crary Alice ,   University of Arkansas Press
Published: March 2022

This piece continues an exchange between David Beaver and Jason Stanley, on the one hand, and Alice Crary, on the other, to which Beaver’s and Stanley’s “Neutrality” (immediately above) is a contribution. All three authors agree that the critique of ideology, propaganda, and oppressive structures should not be conceived as eliminating socially-situated perspectives and subjectively-mediated sensibilities from an allegedly neutral discursive space. Their exchange began with Crary’s 2018 article, “The Methodological as Political: What’s the Matter with ‘Analytic Feminism’?” which attacks appeals to neutrality, including one Crary finds in Stanley’s 2015 book, How Propaganda Works, for obscuring a pivotal methodological insight of radical feminist thought, namely, that feminism’s political radicalism is complemented by a “methodological radicalism that involves making use of the practical power of ethically non-neutral resources, conceived as in themselves cognitively authoritative” (Crary 2018: 47). This new reply argues that Beaver’s and Stanley’s practice-based image of language, while at first seemingly aligned with this rejection of neutrality as an ideal for political discourse, fails to fully respond to her original complaint. The ideal of neutrality is problematic, not only in masking social location, but in wrongly impugning as ‘non-cognitive’ or ‘irrational’ critical resources drawn from socially-situated perspectives—the sorts of perspectives to which notable strands of feminist theory give voice precisely for their cognitive value. The current piece claims that to address this further danger it is necessary to go beyond Beaver’s and Stanley’s study of meaning and critically examine engrained philosophical assumptions about how to construe logical notions such as objectivity and truth. It closes by suggesting that, within philosophy of language broadly conceived, the tradition of ordinary language philosophy provides a more promising source of resources and illumination for struggles to make gender-based and overlapping forms of structural bias socially visible.
Paradoxes in the Invisibility of Care Work
Authors: Laugier Sandra ,   University of Arkansas Press
Published: March 2022

My paper focuses on the theme of visibility by teasing out some paradoxes of invisibility. In the ordinary social world, what is said to be invisible is generally what is here, right before our eyes, but to which we pay no attention. Care is invisible because it goes on without us seeing it. By suddenly making visible what is ordinarily invisible, the COVID pandemic has been a strange pedagogical moment, making visible the people who take care of “us”, and revealing our entire society’s ignorance of what allows it to live—whether in the context of everyday life or in the urgency of the risk of death. The grammar of care has thus imposed itself on everyone, because care is never so visible as in those situations where a form of life is shaken. Care work has been revealed as invisible work that keeps everyone going. “Invisible” does not refer to a difficulty in perceiving but rather a refusal to see. A refusal to see something that is not hidden, but which we do not see precisely because it is right before our eyes. Invisibility is thus denial, in both the social and the theoretical realms, especially when care work is envisioned in the terms of the further invisibilization of care work when it is done for the benefit of women as in the “care drain” from poor to rich countries. The asymmetry in the relations between North and South is part of the invisibility of what sustains societies. The invisible chains of care reveal the extent to which the question of service is the fundamental question of social invisibility.
The Aesthetics of Moral Address
Authors: Congdon Matthew ,   University of Arkansas Press
Published: March 2022

Acts of interpersonal moral address depend upon a shared space of social visibility in which human beings can both display themselves and perceive others as morally important. This raises questions that have gone largely undiscussed in recent philosophical work on moral address. How does the social mediation of interpersonal perception by forces such as ideology shape and limit the possibilities for moral address? And how might creative acts of putting oneself on display make possible unanticipated forms of moral address, especially under ideological conditions? In this paper, I propose that we can make progress towards answering such questions by treating moral address as a fundamentally aesthetic phenomenon. I begin by drawing examples from literature that invite the idea that humans and animals possess ethically value-laden features that are open to empirical view, and argue that approaches to moral address that do not avail themselves of this idea face serious limits, focusing on Stephen Darwall’s The Second-Person Standpoint. I then illustrate the role of the aesthetic in moral address by offering a reading of the “Capitol Crawl,” a 1990 direct action in which people with disabilities left behind assistive devices in order to ascend the stairs leading to the US Capitol. Drawing from some ideas in Iris Murdoch, I argue that the aesthetically striking features of this collective act of moral address are inseparable from the moral demands it expresses, and that, read as an aesthetic whole, its morally expressive power extends beyond the discursive while nevertheless remaining a part of the space of reasons.
Humanism: A Defense
Authors: Ng Karen ,   University of Arkansas Press
Published: March 2022

This paper develops an approach to humanist social critique that combines insights from Marx and Fanon. I argue that the concept of the human operative in humanist social critique should be understood both as the normative background against which questions of human flourishing and dehumanization can come into view, and as the evolving demand for universal human emancipation. Far from being abstract, essentialist, or ahistorical, Marx and Fanon show that humanist social critique operates through a dialectic between particular, socially and historically situated forms of oppression and struggle, and the universal species-context of the human life-form in which particular forms of suffering and injustice can come into view as instances of dehumanization. In developing this approach to humanist social critique, I defend humanism against three prominent objections: the charge of speciesism, the charge of essentialism, and the recent charge from Kate Manne who argues that humanism underdescribes relations of social antagonism and that recognition of humanity is compatible with inhumane treatment. In addition to considering the necessary relation between the particular and the universal, I also consider the relation between the psychological and social/political, arguing against the recent approach to the problem of dehumanization in the work of David Livingstone Smith.
Genetic polymorphism of matrix metalloproteinase 9 and susceptibility to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Xiaoping , Yu Yuanyuan , Wang Yong , Jiang Wen , Jiang Wenqing , Yin Bin
Published: March 2022

Background: To systematically analyze the influence of genetic polymorphisms of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) on susceptibility to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: Relevant literatures reporting MMP9 and susceptibility to COPD in PubMed, Web of Science, VIP, Wanfang and CNKI databases were searched using the key words "matrix metalloproteinases 9/MMP9, COPD/chronic obstructive pulmonary disease". Data of eligible literatures were extracted and analyzed for the odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95% CI. Results: A total of 16 independent studies reporting MMP9-1562C/T and COPD patients were enrolled and analyzed. None of the genetic models revealed the relationship between MMP9-1562C/T and susceptibility to COPD. Subgroup analyses identified lower risk of COPD in Chinese population carrying the TT genotype for theMMP9 rs3918242 relative to those carrying CT and CC genotypes (P=0.03, OR=0.67, 95% CI=0.46-0.97). Conclusions: Chinese population carrying the TT genotype for the MMP-9 rs3918242 present lower susceptibility to COPD relative to those carrying CT and CC genotypes.
VOCÊ PARECE UMA MENININHA! !” Gritou minha professora do 3º ano do ensino fundamental: corpos dissidentes sexuais e de gênero na escola e nas aulas de arte
Authors: Rodrigues Fábio
Published: March 2022

O objetivo do artigo é apresentar apontamentos teórico-metodológicos da Educação e da Arte/Educação Dissidentes para tensionar e confrontar o sistema educativo e social da modernidade/colonialidade. Problematiza a Escola enquanto sistema público de ensino e sua pedagogia “autoritária”, do “medo” e da “masculinidade compulsória” para legitimar a “heterorazão” como verdade única. Exercita a curadoria educativa como proposição para fruição e leitura de imagens nos processos de ensino, aprendizagem e criação em artes visuais, articulando e interseccionando práticas artísticas das dissidências sexuais e de gênero com as questões de raça, classe, sexualidade, gênero, etnicidade e colonialidade. Defende a emergência da Educação e da Arte/Educação Dissidentes antietnocida, antirracista, antitranslgbtfóbica, antipatriarcal, anticapitalista, anticapacitista, antisexista, transfeminista, decolonial.
Ampliando repertórios e imaginários a partir da reflexão de uma abordagem pedagógica não hegemônica para o Ensino de Artes Visuais
Authors: Miranda Lisa Nascimento Gomes de , Chagas Thamires Burlandy da Mota , Costa Ana Valéria de Figueiredo da
Published: March 2022

Existe uma insistente abordagem de (re)produções de discursos, visualidades e ideologias hegemônicas nos livros didáticos e nos currículos ofertados para o ensino de artes, fortalecendo assim, o imaginário excludente e preconceituoso acerca dos produtos culturais de outras temporalidades e regionalidades, que não as euro-norte-americanas e produções de artistas mulheres. Para tanto, neste trabalho buscamos refletir sobre caminhos possíveis de construir uma educação artística anti-racista, anti-machista, decolonial, horizontalizada, consciente sobre os preconceitos em relação à classe, gênero, raça, etnia, dentre outras diversidades, propondo uma mudança social e ampliação da visão de mundo. Analisamos os trabalhos da artista Gê Viana como uma possibilidade pedagógica que contribua para uma educação fortalecedora de sua criticidade e autonomia na construção de identidade e visão de mundo não hegemônicas. Consideramos, então, que a abordagem pedagógica é uma escolha política dos professores, podendo de traçar ou não, análises e reflexões com os alunos acerca dos contextos, intencionalidades, (re)construções contida das imagens, além de criar possibilidades para a ampliação do repertório visual e imagético. Sendo assim, os trabalhos da artista Gê Viana podem ser um caminho possível para trabalhar as questões de gênero, raça, história, entre outros, que ainda são pouco fortalecidas na história da arte e no seu ensino.
#aquareladudi: entrevista com Dudi Maia Rosa
Authors: Vicentini Daniela
Published: March 2022

Trata-se de uma entrevista com o artista paulistano Dudi Maia Rosa (1946) a respeito da sua consistente produção de pinturas em aquarela, realizada ao longo da sua carreira. Dudi Maia Rosa reflete sobre do aspecto intimista, libertador e até autobiográfico desta técnica em sua produção artística.
Inmates in the Role of the "Wounded Healer": The Virtuous of Peer-to-Peer Programs in Prison
Authors: Elisha Ety
Published: March 2022

Researchers in the field of crime desistance have recently focused on the strength-based role of the "wounded healer" or "professional-ex", as exemplified by former addicts and prisoners who desist from crime and recover through the professional practice of peer mentoring. Studies point to the many benefits inherent in the role of the “wounded healer” for incarcerated people employed in peer-based rehabilitation roles. These benefits can include opportunities to experience accomplishments and an increasing sense of ability and self-worth. Additional benefits include acquiring a new meaning and purpose in life, the development of a new self-identity, increasing feelings of belonging and satisfaction from life, and a stronger commitment to avoid crime. These findings suggest that formerly incarcerated individuals can form positive, pro-social relationships with their peers and serve as positive role models for them. The purpose of the present article is to review the current literature on peer-to-peer programs currently implemented in Western prisons, to establish and expand them, as a means of improving the rehabilitation efforts of present and past prisoners. It is recommended to examine the preservation of their benefits and effectiveness in the long run, both for aid providers and recipients.
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Authors: Miller Kathryn
Published: March 2022

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