bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancing the Quality of Financial Analysis through the Application of Artificial Intelligence (ChatGPT): Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Kazem Haidar Alwan , Talib Ali Osama , Ali Zainab Hadi
Published: October 2024

The research is concerned with the subject of the future of the accounting profession in light of the development of the uses of artificial intelligence, specifically what relates to the function of interpreting accounting numbers published in the financial statements. Accordingly, the two researchers attempted to formulate a joint vision to study the challenges that the financial analyst can face in the transition to the contemporary world of digitization, which is beginning to impose... Its dimensions in various fields, practical fields, and various scientific and professional horizons. The research was based on the hypothesis that there is a statistically significant correlation between the development of artificial intelligence applications and the level of quality of financial reports provided by financial analysts. The research reached proof of the validity of such an assumption based on evidence that indicates the availability of the possibility to achieve the maximum benefit from artificial intelligence applications in interpreting the relationships between published accounting numbers for various business organizations.
Causes of Drug Use and Methods of Legal Treatment
Authors: Jassim Muadh , Abbas Ezz El-Din Mazen
Published: October 2024

Drug addiction or use dates back to ancient times, with its roots lying in the human use of certain plants containing substances that alter mental states, perception, and sensations for thousands of years. These substances were used either to experience pleasure, alleviate the pain of a particular patient, endure suffering, or forget a painful life and its burdens. Drugs play a significant role in encouraging individuals to commit various crimes due to their impact on the nervous and sensory systems. Furthermore, drug abuse has become one of the most pressing problems and challenges facing our society, posing severe threats to families and youth and warning of potential disintegration. Regardless of the form or type of drug, it remains one of the most dangerous social issues and plagues that harm our community due to its profoundly negative effects on individuals, families, and society at large.One of the causes behind the prevalence of drug use is the high unemployment rate and lack of job opportunities within Iraqi society, leading to idle individuals who, with excess free time, may turn to drug addiction. Additionally, poverty becomes a bias, with the influential factor being the creation of a strong and urgent desire that drives drug users to obtain substances by any means and gradually increase their dosage. Other significant causes of drug use or addiction include family environment, bad company, working conditions, general social influences, or the desire to escape from one's social or economic reality. In some cases, sudden wealth among certain families may also contribute to drug abuse. As a result, drug abuse has become a focal issue throughout Iraq due to its destructive impact on Iraqi society. It is a primary factor in numerous social, security, economic, and health problems, leading Iraqi society to invest considerable energy and financial resources in preventing its spread and mitigating its effects on individuals and the community. This has been addressed through various legal and other means. The significance of this study lies in understanding how drug users can reintegrate into society as normal individuals without suffering from physical or psychological disorders resulting from drug addiction. This can only be achieved through understanding and addressing treatment methods and attempts to eliminate the causes of drug use or addiction. Officials must exercise caution and consider this issue to ensure that drug users are free from drugs and their negative consequences
The Role of The Courts in The Application of Criminal Policy to Reduce Drug Crimes
Authors: Hussein Aziz Sami , Hussein Haidar Kamel
Published: October 2024

The Iraqi judiciary has been keen to reduce crimes in general, and has paid a high degree of attention to drug crimes, because of their negative effects on the entire society, as the weakness of the state apparatus in general, and the spread of terrorist groups, in the past twenty years have led to an increase in these crimes, which   prompted the Iraqi legislator to update the Drug Law No. ( 68 of 1965 ) by legislating the Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Law No. ( 50 of 2017), in addition to taking preventive measures concurrent with punitive measures, by working to create an environment free of elements that encourage the commission of this type of crimes, by removing the factors and circumstances that can contribute to the formation of the criminal personality. However, the judiciary has worked hard to reduce these crimes by forming courts specialized in the crimes of drugs and psychotropic substances in each governorate, and imposing the most severe penalties and measures on the perpetrators of this type of crimes.
Penal Protection of The Right to Digital Oblivion
Authors: Muhanna Saadoun Engeman Jamil
Published: October 2024

The right to digital oblivion is one of the personal rights that focuses on the components and elements of personality in its various manifestations, so that it expresses the person’s various powers and will over these components and elements with the aim of developing this personality and protecting it from enemies. This right, like other rights, has been affected by the emergence of the Internet and websites. The right to digital oblivion now includes the person’s right to have his electronic pages closed by deleting all his electronic data and information after his death, or leaving the websites, In addition to erasing his personal data from the storage devices on those sites after a certain period or at the request of the data subject, so that it does not appear on the sites after searching for it through electronic search engines (such as the Google search engine) and social networking sites, it is a human right and is fundamentally related to the right to The user does not want his personal information to remain for a long time, and does not want his personal information to be processed and stored by the person responsible for processing the data if there is no legitimate reason for keeping it.
Performance -based management system in hospital emergency
Authors: Al Musawi Mageed Jaber
Published: October 2024

Background: Given the emphasis on evidence -based management in recent years and one of the new management methods is performance -based management, the purpose of this study was to establish an initial performance -based management system in the emergency department of Nikan Hospital in Tehran. Methods: Establishment of a science -based management system in the Nikan Hospital Emergency System includes six steps: 1) Determining the mission and goals of the organization, 2) Integrated Performance Assessment System 3) Response to Function, 4) Collection of Performance Data, 5) Data analysis, analysis, and performance data, 6) use of performance information to improve the organization. Results: Delays in the provision of bars, photography, experiments and specialized consultations in the crowded hours of emergency (20 to 24). The satisfaction of the patients was less than the service during emergency background (14 to 20). 70% of the patients declared recovery and about 70% announced that they would go to the hospital next time. Conclusion: Implementation of performance -based management system in the country's hospitals that lack the necessary infrastructure should pay many attentions and time and energy in this regard.
The Phenomenon of Takfir (Causes and Solutions)
Authors: Raghd Hassan Ali Al-Sarraj Raghd Hassan
Published: October 2024

Intellectual, spiritual, and economic voids are significant factors contributing to the spread of the phenomenon of takfir and terrorism. The absence of an effective state role in economic matters, coupled with the lack of involvement by scholars in intellectual and educational aspects, accelerates the spread of this epidemic. Addressing these gaps helps the youth avoid the pitfalls of doubt, extremism, and misguidance. Consequently, students of knowledge, and young people in general, can fulfill their roles in disseminating knowledge, culture, and ethics, becoming beacons of guidance for those lost in the deserts of strife and misguidance, leading them to the oases of guidance and enlightenment. This process quenches thirsty souls, heals wounded hearts, and turns texts and knowledge into rays of light that illuminate the world with love, development, and peace. It offers a gentle touch to the mind, spirit, and heart, acting as a balm that heals afflictions. Humanity, in turn, will find happiness and shelter under the teachings and guidance of the Prophet of Mercy, our Master Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, his family, and his noble companions.
ESP STUDENTS' PERCEPTIONS TOWARDS MENTORING STRATEGY TO IMPROVE SPEAKING SKILLS
Authors: Yuyun Putri Mandasari  , Eka Wulandari
Published: October 2024

English speaking proficiency has become prominent for Midwifery Students to prepare them in the global competition of the health field. Unfortunately, they have complex problems in learning and practicing speaking, such as a lack of motivation, confidence, and vocabulary, being afraid of making mistakes, and difficult pronunciation. Mentoring strategy comes as one of the best solutions for their problems. This study aimed to explore Midwifery students’ point of view towards a mentoring strategy to help them enhancing speaking skills. A survey research with mixed methods design was employed in this research by administering a questionnaire and interview. The result indicated that the respondents had a strong attitude and positive perspective towards the mentoring program. In conclusion, it is one of the best alternative ways to be applied in the classroom and equip the students with English competency, particularly the speaking skills.
Examining Retention Methods in Factor Analysis: A Comparison of Polychoric and Pearson Correlations for Categorical and Continuous Data.
Authors: Ziyanak Sebahattin , Yagci Jason
Published: October 2024

In the last two decade, it has become clear that retention methods must utilize polychoric correlation instead of Pearson correlation to eliminate drawbacks such as underestimation of the magnitude of the relationship between latent variables that result in spurious findings (Bernstein & Teng, 1989). In the present study, the literature review will be examined and compared using Monte Carlo simulation to determine the most parsimonious method of retention for categorical data. With continuous variables, the majority of researchers still implement Cattell’s scree test (Henson & Roberts, 2006) and Kaiser-Guttman-1 rule (Velicer et al., 2000), because these procedures are the default in popular statistical packages, such as SPSS and SAS. The present study will examine two of the most accurate methods: MAP (Minimum Average Partial) and PA (Parallel Analysis) along with Very Simple Structure (VSS) with categorical variables.
TINGKAT KEPUASAN PASIEN BERDASARKAN KOMUNIKASI INTERPERSONAL PETUGAS PENDAFTARAN DI RS KHUSUS BEDAH HASTA HUSADA
Authors: Wulandari Irma
Published: October 2024

Kepuasan pasien merupakan respons evaluative dan afektif  yang terkait dengan mutu pelayanan yang diberikan Rumah Sakit serta harapan pasien terhadap pelayanan tersebut. Kepuasan jasa kesehatan tercapai jika apa yang didapatkan pasien melebihi harapannya. Kemampuan komunikasi interpersonal petugas pendaftaran merupakan salah satu faktor pendukung dalam memberikan kepuasan pada pasien dalam proses pelayanan kesehata. Tujuan penellitian ini adalah Mengetahui tingkat kepuasan pasien berdasarkan komunikasi interpersonal petugas pendaftaran rawat jalan di Rumah Sakit Khusus Bedah Hasta Husada  Metode pada penelitian ini adalah deskriptif  kuantitatif. Populasi dan sampel pada penelitian ini adalah pasien rawat jalan di Rumah Sakit Khusus Bedah Hasta Husada, dengan jumah sampel 39 pasien. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden merasa puas (66,7%), dan penilaian terhadap komunikasi interpersonal petugas pendaftaran sebagian besar responden menilai baik (74,4%), Maka disarankan pada petugas pendaftaran di Rumah Sakit Khusus Bedah Hasta Husada agar lebih meningkatkan kemampuan berkomunikasi dengan cara berlatih secara langsung maupun mengikuti pendidikan formal atau informal mengenai komunikasi
EFEKTIVITAS SISTEM PELEPASAN INFORMASI MEDIS PENGGUNA ASURANSI SWASTA DENGAN TAMPILAN MOBILE PADA RUMAH SAKIT DAERAH MANGUSADA KABUPATEN BADUNG
Authors: Sriantary Ayu Putu
Published: October 2024

Rumah Sakit Daerah (RSD) Mangusada memberikan pelayanan pelepasan informasi medis untuk keperluan asuransi swasta. Pengambilan dan pencatatan pembuatan laporan pelepasan informasi medis masih dilaksanakan secara manual pemohon datang langsung ke rumah sakit. Waktu pengambilan pelepasan informasi medis sesuai dengan standar prosedur operasional (SPO) adalah 2 sampai 7 hari. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas sistem pelepasan informasi medis pengguna asuransi swasta dengan tampilan mobile terhadap waktu pengambilan informasi medis untuk keperluan asuransi. Jenis penelitian kuantitatif menggunakan rancangan pre experimental design dengan jenis rancangan one group pre test-post test design. Metode analisis tahap pengembangan sistem menggunakan system development life cycle (SDLC). Hasil penelitian dengan menggunaka uji usability yang memperoleh nilai persentase sebesar 79,58 % yang dapat dikategorikan “Baik”. Hasil penelitian hipotesis dengan mengguankan uji wilcoxon signed rank test mendapatkan nilai signifikan sebesar 0.013 sehingga 0.013<0.050.Berdasarkan kesimpulan dari penelitian ini bahwa penggunaan sistem pelepasan informasi medis pengguna asuransi swasta dengan tampilan mobile berhasil dalam permintaan pengambilan pelepasan informasi medis untuk pengajuan pelepasan medis, informasi pasien dalam proses permohonan pelepasan medis, dan mempermudah pelaporan bulanan.
TINJAUAN DESAIN FORMULIR PERSETUJUAN UMUM (GENERAL CONSENT) RAWAT INAP DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM MITRA DELIMA
Authors: Syahbaniar Desi
Published: October 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah meninjau desain formulir persetujuan umum (general consent) rawat inap di Rumah Sakit Umum Mitra Delima. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Data pada penelitian ini diperoleh dengan menggunakan teknik wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Responden pada penelitian ini yaitu perawat, dokter dan perekam medis di RSU Mitra Delima. Data yang terkumpul kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah jika ditinjau dari aspek Anatomi, Fisik dan Isi pada desain formulir persetujuan umum di Rumah Sakit Umum mitra Delmia bahwa secara keseluruhan sudah sesuai tetapi ada beberapa bagian yang tidak terdapat dalam aspek anatomi yaitu Ruler selain itu ada pada bagian Isi tidak terdapat Singkatan-singkatan hal ini dikarenakan kalau menggunakan singkatan dapat menyulitakan petugas yang tidak mengerti apa arti dari singkatan tersebut.
Artikel HUBUNGAN MOTIVASI KELUARGA TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN ANAK TUNAGRAHITA DI SLB (B - C) Kepanjen
Authors: Kurniawati Ririn
Published: October 2024

HUBUNGAN MOTIVASI KELUARGA TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN ANAK TUNAGRAHITA DI SEKOLAH LUAR BIASA (SLB) B-C KEPANJEN
INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI KESEHATAN MALANG
WIDYA CIPTA HUSADA
Ririn Kurniawati Kurniawati (1) , Cesario Tesa Priantoro (2) , Retno Pratiwi (3)
ANALISIS KEBUTUHAN TENAGA REKAM MEDIS BERDASARKAN BEBAN KERJA DENGAN METODE ANALISIS BEBAN KERJA KESEHATAN (ABK-KES) DI PUSKESMAS BARENG MALANG
Authors: Kristin Agnes Carolina
Published: October 2024

Guna menyelenggarakan rekam medis yang berkualitas perlu ditunjang dengan kesesuaian antara beban kerja yang dibebankan dengan petugas rekam medis yang tersedia. Adanya ketidaksesuaian beban kerja dengan tenaga kerja yang tersedia akan berpengaruh terhadap tingkat produktifitas kerja dan berdampak pada kualitas pelayanan. Oleh karena itu untuk menciptakan tenaga kesehatan dengan kuantitas dan kualitas yang memadai dapat dilakukan dengan cara melakukan perencanaan kebutuhan Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) yang dapat dilakukan dengan metode Analisis Beban Kerja Kesehatan (ABK-Kes). Permasalahan yang ada di Puskesmas Bareng diketahui bahwa jumlah petugas hanya ada dua orang, sedangkan jumlah kunjungan perhari 60-80 pasien, ditambah dengan alat cetak label nama yang error sehingga menambah beban kerja serta petugas yang merasa kelelahan dengan hanya tersedianya 2 petugas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran kebutuhan tenaga kerja rekam medis yang ada di unit rekam medis Puskesmas Bareng berdasarkan analisis beban kerja dengan metode Analisis Beban Kerja Kesehatan (ABK-Kes). Adapun teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik total sampling. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan observasional analitik. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan ABK Kes yang sudah dilakukan peneliti diketahui bahwa jumlah seharusnya petugas rekam medis di Puskesmas Bareng berjumlah 5 orang dan ketersediaan petugas saat ini hanya berjumlah 2 orang sehingga dibutuhkan penambahan petugas sejumlah 3 orang.
Kata-kata Kunci. Beban kerja, tenaga kerja, metode ABK kes.
HUBUNGAN MASA KERJA DAN LINGKUNGAN KERJA TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS KINERJA PETUGAS REKAM MEDIS DI RS PANTI WALUYA SAWAHAN MALANG
Authors: Putri Lorentia Sinta
Published: October 2024

Hasil wawacara di RS Panti Waluya menujukkan bahwa dalam lingkungan kerja meliputi tidak adanya sirkulasi udara dan kelembapan udara yang buruk pada ruangan pengelolaan rekam medis mengakibatkan hilangnya fokus dalam bekerja.  Setiap tahunya jumlah petugas rekam medis mengalami perubahan yang mengalami penurunan sebesar 89,28% – 85,71%. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan masa kera dega ligkugan kerja terhadap produktivitas kinerja petugas rekam medis di RS Pati Waluya Sawahan Malang. Sampel pada peelitia ini berjumlah 24 petugas rekam medis di RS Panti Waluya Sawahan Malang yang diambil dega meggunakan teknik total sampling. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji Spearman’s Rank. Hasil penelitian didapatkan hasil bahwa produktivitas kinerja petugas rekam medis sebesar 62,5%. Sebagian besar petugas mempunyai masa kerja > 5 tahun yaitu 58,3% sementara petugas yang merasa berada di lingkungan kerja mendukung yaitu 58,3%. Setelah dilakukan uji Spearman’s Rank untuk masa kerja didapatkan hasil bahwa nilai P Value sebesar 0,447 > 0,05 sehingga tidak hubungan yang signifikan masa kerja terhadap produktivitas kinerja dan untuk lingkungan kerja didapatkan hasil bahwa nilai P Value sebesar 0,000 < 0,05 sehingga ada hubungan yang signifikan lingkungan kerja terhadap produktivitas kinerja.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT ON THE SUCCESS OF THE FAMILY PLANNING PROGRAM IN MUARA KAMAN ULU VILLAGE IN 2023
Authors: Julianti Susi , Era Dwi Prihatin , Urnia Ega Ersya , Wahyuni Endah
Published: October 2024

Family planning is a government program that aims to regulate child birth, reduce child mortality, improve maternal welfare, quality of health services and community nutrition. Family planning programs can be implemented through health promotion using the media because the media can assist in conveying information and can reduce misunderstandings. The aim of this study is to find out the effectiveness of women's empowerment on the success of the family planning program for couples of childbearing with lower middle income in Muara Kaman Ulu Village, Muara Kaman District in 2023. This type of research is pre-experimental with one group pretest-posttest. The population in this study were all couples of childbearing with middle to lower income in Muara Kaman Ulu Kaman Village, a total of 101 people, while a sample of 41 respondents was taken using a purposive sampling technique. The data analysis technique uses the Wilcoxon test. There is an influence of Women's Empowerment on the Success of the Family Planning Program for couples of childbearing who have middle to lower incomes in Muara Kaman Ulu Village, Muara Kaman District in 2023. Women's empowerment is a strategy to increase women's access to family planning in order to increase the interest of couples of childbearing to participate in family planning and increasing the knowledge of couples of childbearing regarding family planning. Empowerment of women has an influence on the interest of couples of childbearing in using family planning and affects the level of knowledge of couples of childbearing regarding family planning
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENDAPATAN ORANGTUA DAN ASUPAN MAKAN ZAT GIZI MAKRO BALITA DENGAN STATUS GIZI BALITA DI DESA SAWAHAN KECAMATAN TUREN
Authors: Siwi Novanni Raka
Published: October 2024

Permasalahan gizi yang terjadi pada balita di Indonesia memiliki peranan penting terhadap kualitas perkembangan seorang anak. Balita mengalami siklus pertumbuhan dan membutuhkan zat gizi lebih besar dibanding kelompok umur yang lain, balita lebih rentan mengalami masalah gizi. Masalah gizi pada balita antara lain stunting, wasting, overweight, underweight. Status gizi dipengaruhi kecukupan zat gizi khususnya energi, protein, lemak, dan karbohidrat serta pendapatan orangtua yang menentukan kualitas maupun kuantitas hidangan keluarga. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis hubungan tingkat pendapatan orangtua dan asupan makan zat gizi makro terhadap status gizi balita. Penelitian menggunakan metode survey korelasional dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Sawahan Kecamatan Turen. Sampel pada penelitian ini diambil menggunakan metode simple random sampling dengan jumlah sebanyak 55 sampel. Uji analisis yang digunakan Uji Spearman. Terdapat 64% balita memiliki status gizi baik. Dari hasil menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara asupan energi (p =0,000 ), karbohidrat (p = 0,000), protein (p= 0,000), dan lemak (p = 0,000) dengan status gizi balita, tapi tidak ada hubungan antara pendapatan orangtua (p = 0,973) dengan status gizi balita. Disimpulkan bahwa adanya hubungan antara asupan makan zat gizi makro dengan status gizi balita, tetapi tidak ada hubungan antara pendapatan orangtua dengan status gizi balita.
Comparative and evolutionary analyses of cyclophilins in Cucumis sativus, Phaseolus vulgaris, and Vitis vinifera
Authors: Yadav Neelam , Bharill Neha , Gautam Yashi , Raghuvanshi Rishiraj , Meda Shikha , Hajela Krishnan , Dholakia Bhushan , Tiwari Aruna , Suravajhala Prashanth , Ratnaparkhe Milind B.
Published: October 2024

Cyclophilins, ubiquitous proteins present in the majority of organisms including bacteria, fungi, higher plants, humans, and so on, are known to play diverse cellular functions. In this study, we have performed genome-wide analyses of cyclophilins from three plant species, Cucumis sativus, Phaseolus vulgaris, and Vitis vinifera. This analysis revealed 21, 26, and 22 cyclophilins in C. sativus, P. vulgaris, and V. vinifera, respectively. The majority of cyclophilins are present in the cytosol and nucleus, while few were observed in mitochondria and vacuole. A total of 15, 19, and 16 single-domain cyclophilins while 6, 7, and 6 multi domain cyclophilins are present in C. sativus, P. vulgaris, and V. vinifera. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis showed the grouping of cyclophilins in five major clades with relevance to domains and sub cellular localization. Our study also suggests P. vulgaris and V. vinifera have similar intron exon structures. Eight motifs have been conserved in most cyclophilins out of which six amino acids long motif GSQFFI is prominent. In-silico expression studies revealed CucCYP13 is highly expressed in roots (10 folds higher) and is orthologous to previously reported GmCYP1 of G. max. CucCYP13 from C. sativus has been identified as ortholog of GmCYP1 which plays important role in disease resistance in soybean. Additionally, CucCYP2, PhvCYP22, and GsvCYP5 which have high sequence similarity with Arabidopsis CYP 71 (AT3g44600) could play a key role in gene repression, organogenesis, and meristem development. Overall, the present study offers key insight into this important class of immunophilin, and the newly identified cyclophilins in P. vulgaris, C. sativus, and V. vinifera may play important roles in abiotic stresses and key physiological traits.
Survey on Major Diseases of Chaba (Piper chaba)
Authors: Islam M.R. , Khan M. S. U. , Nasim F. A. , Hasan S. , Rahman M. A. , Sultana S. , Aktar N.
Published: October 2024

Chaba plants, belonging to the Piperaceae family, are susceptible to several diseases. It has become more vulnerable to disease infection due to the climate change. A comprehensive survey was undertaken from July 2021 to July 2022 in Khulna, Bagerhat, Jashore, Chuadanga, and Magura to identify the major diseases that affect chaba production. The research was conducted in farmers' fields, specifically focusing on 5 different areas where Chaba was cultivated predominantly. The survey identified four diseases, namely foot and root rot, leaf rot, leaf spot, and leaf rust, as important diseases in these areas, based on their occurrence. Dumoria, Khulna has the highest disease incidence. The disease incidence varied between 7.33% and 16.73%. Dumoria upazilas had the highest occurrence of foot and root rot (15-25%) as well as leaf rot (20-30%). While, Alomdanga upazila had the lowest incidence of foot and root rot (10-15%) and leaf rot (10-15%). The farmers in these regions consider these diseases to be a significant risk to the future cultivation and extension of Chaba in the southern portion of Bangladesh.
Oligomerization of Fischer-Tropsch Olefins by Radical Initiation Method for Synthesizing Poly Olefin Base Oils
Authors: Kataria Yash Vijay , Kashparova Vera P. , Klushin Victor А. , Papeta Olga P. , Yakovenko Roman E. , Zubkov Ivan N.
Published: October 2024

In the present work we have investigated the oligomerization process of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products – gasoline (C5-C10) and diesel (C11-C18) hydrocarbon fractions with a total olefin content (consisting mainly olefins with a branched isomeric chain) of 79.3 and 31.8 wt.%, respectively. Oligomerization was carried out by radical initiation method using azobisisobutyronitrile, benzoyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide and methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (Butanox M-50) as initiators. It was established that the yield of the oligomerization process depending on the initiator used decreases in the following order: azobisisobutyronitrile > benzoyl peroxide > dicumyl peroxide > Butanox M-50. It was determined that when the oligomerization is carried out in polar solvents such as acetone and dichloromethane the yield of product increases by ~2.1 and ~1.7 times, respectively, while at the same time adding a non-polar solvent such as tetrachloromethane to the reaction mixture decreases the product yield by ~2.0 times. The optimal technological parameters for carrying out oligomerization process of synthetic gasoline and diesel fractions were determined: where azobisisobutyronitrile, content 0.5 wt.%., is used as an initiator, acetone as solvent, with reaction temperature of 200 °C, and duration of 12 hrs. under inert atmosphere. The product yield from the diesel fraction is 39.5 %, and from the synthetic gasoline fraction – 36.0 %. At the same time, in terms of characteristics, the oligomerization product of the diesel fraction showed properties similar to commercially available Base oil 3cSt (Group III), and the gasoline fraction showed properties on par with the commercially produced PAO-2 (Group IV). Copyright © 2024 by Authors, Published by BCREC Publishing Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
Backmatter (Publication Ethics, Copyright Transfer Agreement for Publishing Form)
Authors: Istadi Istadi
Published: October 2024

Backmatter (Publication Ethics, Copyright Transfer Agreement for Publishing Form)
Einfluss europäischer Digitalgesetzgebung auf Datenherausgabe in der Insolvenz des Cloud-Anbieters — Neuerungen durch Data Act und DID-Richtlinie
Authors: Seegel Alin
Published: October 2024

Die zunehmende Digitalisierung und Vernetzung der Welt macht Daten zu einem der wichtigsten Güter. Insbesondere hat die Nutzung von Cloud-Diensten verschiedenster Art im Rahmen derer Daten zunehmend ausgelagert werden sowohl für Unternehmen als auch für Verbraucher herausragende Bedeutung. Von großer Relevanz für den Kunden - ob Unternehmer oder Verbraucher - ist daher die Möglichkeit, auf seine Daten zugreifen zu können. Die Frage, was in der Insolvenz eines IT-Dienstleisters, etwa eines Cloud-Anbieters, mit den bei ihm gespeicherten Daten geschieht, ist in Deutschland aber nicht eindeutig geklärt. Klar ist, dass diesbezüglich zwischen personenbezogenen und nicht-personenbezogenen Daten zu unterscheiden ist. Der Beitrag gibt zunächst einen Überblick zur Rechtslage hinsichtlich der Herausgabe von Daten in der Insolvenz des Cloud-Anbieters. Danach beleuchtet er die Frage, ob und inwieweit sich aufgrund der europäischen Digitalgesetzgesetzgebung (Umsetzung der DID-Richtlinie und Data Act) hier Neuerungen ergeben.
How stress contributes to autoimmunity—lessons from Sjögren's syndrome
Authors: Skopouli Fotini N. , Katsiougiannis Stergios
Published: December 2017

A large body of clinical evidence on the association between stressful life events and autoimmune diseases suggests that stress may play an important role in the pathogenesis of these disorders. In this article, we discuss the effects of stress, not on the immune system but on specific cell populations against which the autoimmune reactivity is directed. Using Sjögren's syndrome as a model autoimmune disease, we review the role of stress in the initiation and perpetuation of autoimmune reactivity. We present data that reveal the effects of stress on salivary gland epithelial cells, suggesting that stress can become immunogenic through its various effects on salivary gland epithelium.
The M458L missense mutation disrupts the catalytic properties of Parkin
Authors: Do Yun‐Ju , Yun Seo Young , Park Min‐Young , Kim Eunhee
Published: December 2017

Parkinencodes an E3 ubiquitin ligase, and mutations affecting its catalytic potential are implicated in autosomal recessive Parkinson's disease (PD). The M458L mutation ofparkinand its enzymatic effects require characterization. Therefore, we examined the enzymatic activity of Parkin with M458L mutation. We show that the M458L mutant retains its autoubiquitination potentialin vitrobut not in cells. Fas‐associated factor 1 and p38 (substrates of Parkin) are able to bind to the M458L mutant in cells; however, these Parkin substrates are not ubiquitinated and degraded in M458L mutant‐transfected cells. Moreover, M458L mutant fails to protect the mitochondria against hydrogen peroxide,leading to cell death. Considering the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in PD pathogenesis, our results imply a causative role for the M458L mutation in neurodegeneration.
Neuronal activity and outcomes from thalamic surgery for spinocerebellar ataxia
Authors: Hashimoto Takao , Muralidharan Abirami , Yoshida Kunihiro , Goto Tetsuya , Yako Takehiro , Baker Kenneth B. , Vitek Jerrold L.
Published: December 2017

Objectives

We investigated the effects of deep brain stimulation (DBS) or lesions of the ventral intermediate nucleus (Vim) of the thalamus for spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) and examined the pathophysiological role of neuronal activity of the Vim underlying ataxia.

Methods

Five patients with SCA with cortical atrophy (ages 60‐69 years; 2 sporadic and three familial SCA) and five patients with essential tremor (ET) (ages 57–71 years) were treated with Vim surgery. Intraoperatively, we recorded neuronal activity from single neurons in the Vim thalamus while patients were at rest and compared the physiological properties of those neurons between patients with SCA and those with ET.

Results

Postsurgery mean scores for the Fahn–Tolosa–Marin Tremor Scale were improved from 78 to 44 in SCA patients and from 54 to 21 in ET patients. Stronger stimulation was necessary to optimize outcomes in SCA as compared to ET patients. We analyzed 68 Vim neurons in SCA and 60 Vim neurons in ET. Mean discharge rates, burst characteristics, and oscillatory activity were similar for both patient groups, however, we observed that the ratio of cells responding to passive manipulation was significantly smaller (P = 0.0001) in SCA (22%) than in ET (71%).

Interpretation

Thalamic surgery led to a significant improvement in tremor in SCA patients. One potential mechanism underlying ataxia in SCA may be disruption of cerebellar sensory feedback, which modulates motor commands in the cerebello‐thalamo‐cortical network.
How comprehensive are research studies investigating the efficacy of technology‐enhanced learning resources in anatomy education? A systematic review
Authors: Clunie Lauren , Morris Neil P. , Joynes Viktoria C.T. , Pickering James D.
Published: December 2017

Anatomy education is at the forefront of integrating innovative technologies into its curricula. However, despite this rise in technology numerous authors have commented on the shortfall in efficacy studies to assess the impact such technology‐enhanced learning (TEL) resources have on learning. To assess the range of evaluation approaches to TEL across anatomy education, a systematic review was conducted using MEDLINE, the Educational Resources Information Centre (ERIC), Scopus, and Google Scholar, with a total of 3,345 articles retrieved. Following the PRISMA method for reporting items, 153 articles were identified and reviewed against a published framework—the technology‐enhanced learning evaluation model (TELEM). The model allowed published reports to be categorized according to evaluations at the level of (1) learner satisfaction, (2) learning gain, (3) learner impact, and (4) institutional impact. The results of this systematic review reveal that most evaluation studies into TEL within anatomy curricula were based on learner satisfaction, followed by module or course learning outcomes. Randomized controlled studies assessing learning gain with a specific TEL resource were in a minority, with no studies reporting a comprehensive assessment on the overall impact of introducing a specific TEL resource (e.g., return on investment). This systematic review has provided clear evidence that anatomy education is engaged in evaluating the impact of TEL resources on student education, although it remains at a level that fails to provide comprehensive causative evidence. Anat Sci Educ 11: 303–319. © 2017 American Association of Anatomists.
Phytochemical Composition and Biological Activities of Dyssodia tagetiflora Lag.
Authors: García‐Bores Ana María , Arciniegas‐Arciniegas Amira , Reyna‐Campos Alma , Céspedes‐Acuña Carlos , Avila‐Suárez Betsaida , Alarcón‐Enos Julio , Flores‐Maya Saul , Espinosa‐González Adriana Montserrat , de Vivar‐Romo Alfonso Romo , Pérez‐Plasencia Carlos , Avila‐Acevedo José Guillermo
Published: December 2017

While plants of the genus Dyssodia are used by man to a certain extent, few phytochemical and pharmacological studies have been performed with species of this genus. D. tagetiflora is an endemic plant of Mexico and has been used as fodder. The aim of this research was to isolate and identify the main bioactive components and evaluate the insecticidal, antioxidant, genotoxic and cytoprotective activities of D. tagetiflora. The isolated substances included an essential oil composed of six monoterpenes, and extracts containing two flavonols, three flavonol‐glycosides and four thiophenes. The compounds were characterized using spectroscopic and spectrometric methods, including GC/MS, MS and NMR. The essential oil showed insecticidal activity against Drosophila melanogaster larvae. The methanolic extract of D. tagetiflora (DTME) had strong antioxidant activity against DPPH and ABTS radicals; DTME showed no evidence of genotoxic or cytotoxic effects. In contrast, DTME showed a cytoprotective effect attenuating the formation of H2O2‐induced micronuclei in Vicia faba roots. This report is the first to describe the phytochemical and biological activity of D. tagetiflora.
Intraflagellar transporter protein 140 (IFT140), a component of IFT‐A complex, is essential for male fertility and spermiogenesis in mice
Authors: Zhang Yong , Liu Hong , Li Wei , Zhang Zhengang , Zhang Shiyang , Teves Maria E , Stevens Courtney , Foster James A , Campbell Gregory E , Windle Jolene J , Hess Rex A , Pazour Gregory J , Zhang Zhibing
Published: December 2017

Intraflagellar transport (IFT) is a conserved mechanism essential for the assembly and maintenance of most eukaryotic cilia and flagella. However, little is known about its role in sperm flagella formation and male fertility. IFT140 is a component of IFT‐A complex. In mouse, it is highly expressed in the testis. Ift140 gene was inactivated specifically in mouse spermatocytes/spermatids. The mutant mice did not show any gross abnormalities, but all were infertile and associated with significantly reduced sperm number and motility. Multiple sperm morphological abnormalities were discovered, including amorphous heads, short/bent flagella and swollen tail tips, as well as vesicles along the flagella due to spermiogenesis defects. The epididymides contained round bodies of cytoplasm derived from the sloughing of the cytoplasmic lobes and residual bodies. Knockout of Ift140 did not significantly affect testicular expression levels of selective IFT components but localization of IFT27 and IFT88, two components of IFT‐B complex, was changed. Our findings demonstrate that IFT140 is a key regulator for male fertility and normal spermiogenesis in mice. It not only plays a role in sperm flagella assembling, but is also involved in critical assembly of proteins that interface between the germ cell plasma and the Sertoli cell.
1,10‐Phenanthroline Ruthenium(II) Complexes as Model Systems in the Search for High‐Performing Triplet Photosensitisers: Addressing Ligand versus Metal Effects
Authors: Lu Yue , Conway‐Kenny Robert , Twamley Brendan , McGoldrick Niamh , Zhao Jianzhang , Draper Sylvia M.
Published: December 2017

The front cover artwork is provided by R. Conway‐Kenny of the Draper Synthetic Materials Group in Trinity College Dublin (Ireland). The image concept is based on “chemically shopping for the right accessory”. For coordination chemists the metal complex is the model and s/he needs to be dressed appropriately depending on the occasion. Read the full text of the Article at 10.1002/cptc.201700158.
Evolutionary history of Daphnia drives divergence in grazing selectivity and alters temporal community dynamics of producers
Authors: Park John S. , Post David M.
Published: December 2017

Consumers with different seasonal life histories encounter different communities of producers during specific seasonal phases. If consumers evolve to prefer the producers that they encounter, then consumers may reciprocally influence the temporal composition of producer communities. Here, we study the keystone consumer Daphnia ambigua, whose seasonal life history has diverged due to intraspecific predator divergence across lakes of New England. We ask whether grazing preferences of Daphnia have diverged also and test whether any grazing differences influence temporal composition patterns of producers. We reared clonal populations of Daphnia from natural populations representing the two diverged life history types for multiple generations. We conducted short‐term (24 hr) and long‐term (27 days) grazing experiments in equal polycultures consisting of three diatom and two green algae species, treated with no consumer, Daphnia from lakes with anadromous alewife, or from lakes with landlocked alewife. After 24 hr, life history and grazing preference divergence in Daphnia ambigua drove significant differences in producer composition. However, those differences disappeared at the end of the 27‐day experiment. Our results illustrate that, despite potentially more complex long‐term dynamics, a multitrophic cascade of evolutionary divergence from a predator can influence temporal community dynamics at the producer level.
Taking a trip to the shelf: Behavioral decisions are mediated by the proximity to foraging habitats in the black‐legged kittiwake
Authors: Christensen‐Dalsgaard Signe , May Roel , Lorentsen Svein‐Håkon
Published: December 2017

For marine top predators like seabirds, the oceans represent a multitude of habitats regarding oceanographic conditions and food availability. Worldwide, these marine habitats are being altered by changes in climate and increased anthropogenic impact. This is causing a growing concern on how seabird populations might adapt to these changes. Understanding how seabird populations respond to fluctuating environmental conditions and to what extent behavioral flexibility can buffer variations in food availability can help predict how seabirds may cope with changes in the marine environment. Such knowledge is important to implement proper long‐term conservation measures intended to protect marine predators. We explored behavioral flexibility in choice of foraging habitat of chick‐rearing black‐legged kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla during multiple years. By comparing foraging behavior of individuals from two colonies with large differences in oceanographic conditions and distances to predictable feeding areas at the Norwegian shelf break, we investigated how foraging decisions are related to intrinsic and extrinsic factors. We found that proximity to the shelf break determined which factors drove the decision to forage there. At the colony near the shelf break, time of departure from the colony and wind speed were most important in driving the choice of habitat. At the colony farther from the shelf break, the decision to forage there was driven by adult body condition. Birds furthermore adjusted foraging behavior metrics according to time of the day, weather conditions, body condition, and the age of the chicks. The study shows that kittiwakes have high degree of flexibility in their behavioral response to a variable marine environment, which might help them buffer changes in prey distribution around the colonies. The flexibility is, however, dependent on the availability of foraging habitats near the colony.
Genetic sex determination assays in 53 mammalian species: Literature analysis and guidelines for reporting standardization
Authors: Hrovatin Karin , Kunej Tanja
Published: December 2017

Erstwhile, sex was determined by observation, which is not always feasible. Nowadays, genetic methods are prevailing due to their accuracy, simplicity, low costs, and time‐efficiency. However, there is no comprehensive review enabling overview and development of the field. The studies are heterogeneous, lacking a standardized reporting strategy. Therefore, our aim was to collect genetic sexing assays for mammals and assemble them in a catalogue with unified terminology. Publications were extracted from online databases using key words such as sexing and molecular. The collected data were supplemented with species and gene IDs and the type of sex‐specific sequence variant (SSSV). We developed a catalogue and graphic presentation of diagnostic tests for molecular sex determination of mammals, based on 58 papers published from 2/1991 to 10/2016. The catalogue consists of five categories: species, genes, SSSVs, methods, and references. Based on the analysis of published literature, we propose minimal requirements for reporting, consisting of: species scientific name and ID, genetic sequence with name and ID, SSSV, methodology, genomic coordinates (e.g., restriction sites, SSSVs), amplification system, and description of detected amplicon and controls. The present study summarizes vast knowledge that has up to now been scattered across databases, representing the first step toward standardization regarding molecular sexing, enabling a better overview of existing tests and facilitating planned designs of novel tests. The project is ongoing; collecting additional publications, optimizing field development, and standardizing data presentation are needed.
Exploring the usefulness of key green physicochemical properties: Quantitative structure–activity relationship for solvents from biomass
Authors: Zuriaga Estefanía , Giner Beatriz , Ribate María Pilar , García Cristina B. , Lomba Laura
Published: December 2017

In recent decades there has been a growing interest in the development of new solvents from biomass. Some of these new solvents have been classified as green because of their renewable and sustainable source. However, characterization from the ecotoxicological and physicochemical points of view is needed to categorize them as green solvents. We have selected several key physicochemical properties that can reflect environmental features (density, boiling point, critical aggregation concentration, and log p) and explored their usefulness for preliminarily assessing the green character of the studied solvents. Specifically, we have studied several solvents from biomass: lactate family (methyl, ethyl, and butyl lactate), furfural family (furfural, 5-methylfurfural, furfuryl alcohol, and tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol), and levulinate family (methyl, ethyl, and butyl levulinate). To fill the gaps and complete some toxicity data for the environment, we have measured the ecotoxicity using 2 of the most common and versatile biomodels, bacteria Vibrio fischeri and crustacean Daphnia magna, for furfural- and lactate-derived compounds. The results indicate that solvents from biomass can be categorized as green because their toxicity for the environment is low. Finally, a quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) study was performed with the selected key properties and the ecotoxicological information. Despite the different structure of the chemicals under study, good correlations were found for the studied organisms. It seems that log p and critical aggregation concentration reflect the greatest part of the ecotoxic behavior, whereas density and boiling point cannot reflect toxicity signals. However, these properties are rather useful for assessing the final environmental fate of the studied chemicals. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:1014–1023. © 2017 SETAC
Diagnostic accuracy of posterior cervical angle and cervical length in the prediction of successful induction of labor
Authors: Al‐Adwy Akram M. , Sobh Sherin M. , Belal Doaa S. , Omran Eman F. , Hassan Amr , Saad Ahmed H. , Afifi Mai M. , Nada Adel M.
Published: December 2017

Objective

To determine the accuracy of the posterior cervical angle (PCA) compared with the cervical length and the Bishop score in predicting the outcome of induction of labor (IOL).

Methods

The present prospective observational study included IOL candidates who had their PCA and cervical length assessed by transvaginal ultrasonography and the Bishop score at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Kasr El‐Aini Hospital, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt, between April 1 and July 31, 2017. The accuracy of these tests in predicting successful IOL (defined as vaginal delivery) was compared.

Results

The analysis included 49 women with successful IOL and 21 women with unsuccessful IOL. The suggested cutoffs for the prediction of successful IOL were a PCA of more than 99.5°, a cervical length of less than 34 mm, and a Bishop score of more than five. The areas under the receiver operating characteristics curves for these three measures were not significantly different. However, a PCA of more than 99.5° had the best sensitivity (91.84%), specificity (90.48), positive predictive value (95.7%), negative predictive value (82.6%), positive likelihood ratio (9.64), and negative likelihood ratio (0.09) compared with the other two predictors.

Conclusion

A PCA of more than 99.5° yielded the best accuracy in predicting successful IOL compared with the cervical length and the Bishop score.

ClinicalTrials.gov

NCT03113227.