bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Refractometric Properties of a TFBG Sensor Demodulated Using α-Shape Modified Delaunay Triangulation
Authors: Fazzi Luigi , Groves Roger M.
Published: June 2021

In our previous research, a novel demodulation technique based on α-shape Delaunay triangulation (D-T) was developed to obtain the refractive index of the medium surrounding the optical fibre using the envelope of the cladding peaks from the spectrum of the tilted fibre Bragg grating (TFBG) sensor. This technique was demonstrated to be efficient, easy to implement, powerful, faster than the previous ones and applicable for real-time measurements. In this paper, a deep parametric analysis of the resolution, repeatability and accuracy of the D-T demodulation technique for a TFBG refractometer sensor is performed and presented. The spectral properties of the TFBG sensor as a refractometer are explored using the same demodulation technique. Specifically, supposing the use of the TFBG as a two-parameter optical sensor, the influence of the strain on the envelope area is analysed, and the measurement stability regarding the external RI is reported. Then, the cladding resonance peaks in the spectrum are observed experimentally as the TFBG undergoes partial immersion in a defined refractive index liquid. This last experiment allowed a better understanding the evolution of the TFBG transmission spectrum when the Bragg gratings were partially surrounded by a medium with a different RI.
Hemotropic Mycoplasma and Bartonella Species Diversity in Free-Roaming Canine and Feline from Luanda, Angola
Authors: Mesquita João R. , Oliveira Ana C. , Neves Frederico , Mendoza Jose R. , Luz Maria F. , Crespo Inês , dos Santos Thays F. , Santos-Silva Sérgio , Vilhena Hugo , Barradas Patrícia F.
Published: June 2021

Free-roaming dogs and cats represent potential reservoirs for zoonotic vector-borne pathogens shedding to the human population. Given the health impact of these pathogens, we searched free-roaming dogs and cats included in an animal population control program from Luanda, Angola, for Bartonella and hemotropic mycoplasma infection. We report the detection of Bartonella henselae (2/66; 3%), Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum (5/66; 7.5%) and Mycoplasma haemofelis (1/66; 1.5%) in cats. One dog was found positive for Mycoplasma haemocanis (1/20; 5%). This is the first report of Bartonella henselae infections in stray cats and of hemotropic mycoplasmas in cats and dogs from Angola. Despite the relatively small sample size, our results sustain the hypothesis of uncontrolled circulation of these agents in highly mobile synanthropic animal populations of Luanda. Population and vector control could contribute to reducing the likelihood for animal-to-animal and animal-to-human transmission.
Terahertz Time-Domain Polarimetry for Principal Optical Axes of Anisotropic Crystals
Authors: Mamrashev Alexander , Minakov Fedor , Nikolaev Nazar , Antsygin Valery
Published: June 2021

We propose a method for measuring the terahertz properties for two principal optical axes of anisotropic crystals without optical activity using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). The method put forward in this paper utilizes the inherent polarization sensitivity of the THz-TDS electro-optic detection system. We demonstrate the practical application of the method by measuring the temperature dependence of the refractive index and the absorption coefficient of a lithium triborate crystal for three optical axes.
SOI-Based Multi-Channel AWG with Fiber Bragg Grating Sensing Interrogation System
Authors: Weng Siming , Yuan Pei , Zhuang Wei , Zhang Dongliang , Luo Fei , Zhu Lianqing
Published: June 2021

For the development of minimized and high-rate photonic-integrated fiber Bragg grating interrogation (FBGI) systems, arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) has been widely used as one of the critical components. In this paper, we present an 8-channel SOI-based AWG for a photonic integrated FBG interrogation microsystem. The channel spacing of the AWG is designed to be 3 nm to meet a high-dynamic-range demodulation requirement. The core size of the fabricated AWG is about 335 × 335 μm2. The simulation results and experimental results are in high agreement, showing that AWG has a fine transmission spectrum with crosstalk below −16 dB, nonuniformity below 0.4 dB, insertion loss below −6.35 dB, 3 dB bandwidth about 1.3 nm and 10 dB bandwidth of 2.3 nm. The proposed AWG can be applied perfectly to the SOI-based AWG demodulation microsystem, exhibiting a large dynamic range of 1.2 nm, the resolution for measurements is 1.27 pm and a high accuracy of 20.6 pm.
Anthocyanins from Rubus fruticosus L. and Morus nigra L. Applied as Food Colorants: A Natural Alternative
Authors: Vega Erika N. , Molina Adriana K. , Pereira Carla , Dias Maria Inês , Heleno Sandrina A. , Rodrigues Paula , Fernandes Isabel P. , Barreiro Maria Filomena , Stojković Dejan , Soković Marina , Carocho Márcio , Barreira João C. M. , Ferreira Isabel C. F. R. , Barros Lillian
Published: June 2021

Given the importance of colour in the general acceptance or rejection of a product, the use of colorants is a widespread practice, particularly in the food industry. At the same time, with the increasing consumers’ awareness of the health effects that some artificial colorants can exert, there is a growing tendency to prioritize foodstuffs containing natural additives. In this work, Morus nigra L. and Rubus fruticosus L. fruit juices were characterized in terms of anthocyanins, organic acids, free sugars, and tocopherols, as also regarding their bioactive properties. Given their richness in anthocyanins, this study also aimed to prepare different solid colouring formulations by the spray-drying technique, using as stabilizers maltodextrin and arabic gum. Six free sugars and two organic acids were detected in the fruit juices, as well as the four tocopherol isoforms. Two cyanidin derivatives were found in M. nigra (cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and cyanidin-O-rhamnoside) and other four in R. fruticosus (cyanidin-O-hexoside, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, cyanidin-O-pentoside, and cyanidin-3-O-dioxaloilglucoside). The developed colouring formulations revealed a good stability over time, in terms of anthocyanin concentration and colour parameters, and revealed to be safe for consumption, either concerning their low microbial load and lack of cytotoxicity. Thus, they represent a promising natural alternative to the massively used artificial colorants.
Light Harvesting in Fluctuating Environments: Evolution and Function of Antenna Proteins across Photosynthetic Lineage
Authors: Bag Pushan
Published: June 2021

Photosynthesis is the major natural process that can harvest and harness solar energy into chemical energy. Photosynthesis is performed by a vast number of organisms from single cellular bacteria to higher plants and to make the process efficient, all photosynthetic organisms possess a special type of pigment protein complex(es) that is (are) capable of trapping light energy, known as photosynthetic light-harvesting antennae. From an evolutionary point of view, simpler (unicellular) organisms typically have a simple antenna, whereas higher plants possess complex antenna systems. The higher complexity of the antenna systems provides efficient fine tuning of photosynthesis. This relationship between the complexity of the antenna and the increasing complexity of the organism is mainly related to the remarkable acclimation capability of complex organisms under fluctuating environmental conditions. These antenna complexes not only harvest light, but also provide photoprotection under fluctuating light conditions. In this review, the evolution, structure, and function of different antenna complexes, from single cellular organisms to higher plants, are discussed in the context of the ability to acclimate and adapt to cope under fluctuating environmental conditions.
An Overview of Some Biopesticides and Their Importance in Plant Protection for Commercial Acceptance
Authors: Kumar Jitendra , Ramlal Ayyagari , Mallick Dharmendra , Mishra Vachaspati
Published: June 2021

Biopesticides are natural, biologically occurring compounds that are used to control various agricultural pests infesting plants in forests, gardens, farmlands, etc. There are different types of biopesticides that have been developed from various sources. This paper underscores the utility of biocontrol agents composed of microorganisms including bacteria, cyanobacteria, and microalgae, plant-based compounds, and recently applied RNAi-based technology. These techniques are described and suggestions are made for their application in modern agricultural practices for managing crop yield losses due to pest infestation. Biopesticides have several advantages over their chemical counterparts and are expected to occupy a large share of the market in the coming period.
Sedimentological-Geochemical Data Based Reconstruction of Climate Changes and Human Impacts from the Peat Sequence of Round Lake in the Western Foothill Area of the Eastern Carpathians, Romania
Authors: Tapody Réka Orsolya , Sümegi Pál , Molnár Dávid , Karlik Máté , Törőcsik Tünde , Cseh Péter , Makó László
Published: June 2021

This paper presents the results of comparative sedimentological and geochemical analysis of the mire at Sânpaul, Round Lake (Kerek-tó). The palaeoecological site is situated in the western foothill area of the Eastern Carpathians in Romania. The primary objective of this study was to analyse the accumulation of major and trace elements in a 7500 year-long peat and lake deposition. The concentrations of 13 elements were determined by using handheld XRF. This paper presents the results of a multidisciplinary study, for which the principal aims were to examine the long-term relationship between land degradation in the Homoród Hills using various palaeoecological techniques, primarily comparative geochemical analyses. The PCA of elemental concentrations suggests that Round Lake is mainly controlled by the input of inorganic mineral matter and the LOI550 of peat. However, some elements are influenced by biological processes of vegetation and groundwater. Geohistorical studies compared with vegetation changes and elemental distribution helped the detection of erosion phases in the level of 12 prehistoric cultures.
Impact of Influenza A Virus Shutoff Proteins on Host Immune Responses
Authors: Dunagan Megan M. , Hardy Kala , Takimoto Toru
Published: June 2021

Influenza A virus (IAV) is a significant human pathogen that causes seasonal epidemics. Although various types of vaccines are available, IAVs still circulate among human populations, possibly due to their ability to circumvent host immune responses. IAV expresses two host shutoff proteins, PA-X and NS1, which antagonize the host innate immune response. By transcriptomic analysis, we previously showed that PA-X is a major contributor for general shutoff, while shutoff active NS1 specifically inhibits the expression of host cytokines, MHC molecules, and genes involved in innate immunity in cultured human cells. So far, the impact of these shutoff proteins in the acquired immune response in vivo has not been determined in detail. In this study, we analyzed the effects of PA-X and NS1 shutoff activities on immune response using recombinant influenza A/California/04/2009 viruses containing mutations affecting the expression of shutoff active PA-X and NS1 in a mouse model. Our data indicate that the virus without shutoff activities induced the strongest T and B cell responses. Both PA-X and NS1 reduced host immune responses, but shutoff active NS1 most effectively suppressed lymphocyte migration to the lungs, antibody production, and the generation of IAV specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. NS1 also prevented the generation of protective immunity against a heterologous virus challenge. These data indicate that shutoff active NS1 plays a major role in suppressing host immune responses against IAV infection.
Nitric Oxide Interaction with the Eye
Authors: Erdinest Nir , London Naomi , Ovadia Haim , Levinger Nadav
Published: June 2021

Nitric oxide (NO) is acknowledged as a vital intercellular messenger in multiple systems in the body. Medicine has focused on its functions and therapeutic applications for decades, especially in cardiovascular and nervous systems, and its role in immunological responses. This review was composed to demonstrate the prevalence of NO in components of the ocular system, including corneal cells and multiple cells in the retina. It discussed NO’s assistance during the immune, inflammation and wound-healing processes. NO is identified as a vascular endothelial relaxant that can alter the choroidal blood flow and prompt or suppress vascular changes in age-related macular degeneration and diabetes, as well as the blood supply to the optic nerve, possibly influencing the progression of glaucoma. It will provide a deeper understanding of the role of NO in ocular homeostasis, the delicate balance between overproduction or underproduction and the effect on the processes from aqueous outflow and subsequent intraocular pressure to axial elongation and the development of myopia. This review also recognized the research and investigation of therapies being developed to target the NO complex and treat various ocular diseases.
Dependence of efficiency of natural fish reproduction in water bodies of Kazakhstan from water level
Authors: Isbekov K.B. , Kulikov E.V. , Asylbekova S.Zh.
Published: June 2021

The article deals with the relationship between the hydrological regime of water bodies and the efficiency of fish reproduction. The hydrological regime of water bodies in years of different water content influences the reproduction and, accordingly, the quantitative and qualitative composition of ichthyocenoses. The easiest way to assess the efficiency of fish reproduction is by such an indicator as the productivity of juveniles, i.e. the number of juvenile fish per unit area or volume. The material for this work was carried out in large fishing reservoirs of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the process of fishery research (2013–2018). Comparison of hydrological parameters and productivity of juveniles by years shows their relationship. Correlation coefficient between water content (runoff) of the river Zhaiyk and juvenile yield +0.73 (data set for 11 years, reliable for the level of significance p = 0.01). The yield of juvenile fish from Lake Balkhash has a high correlative dependence on the inflow of water into the lake (r = +0.826) (massif 2013–2018, reliable for the level of significance p = 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that the productivity of juvenile fish in the Kapshagai reservoir has an average degree of dependence on water content (average annual level) (r = +0.641, reliable for the level of significance p = 0.05). Regular relationships between the water regime and the efficiency of reproduction (productivity of juveniles) of fish have been established. The efficiency of natural reproduction of commercial fish species in modern conditions of the water regime, water withdrawal for economic needs and the impact of fishing is significantly reduced, but with the implementation of the reclamation measures proposed in the work, its partial restoration is possible.
Testing of experimental feed for young Australian red-clawed crayfish that meets its nutritional needs
Authors: Ankesheva Bibigul Makhabbatovna , Bedritskaya Irina Nikolaevna , Pyatikopova Olga Viktorovna
Published: June 2021

One of the relatively promising types of world aquaculture is the Australian redclawed crayfish, which is one of the relatively promising objects in warm-water aquaculture. Compared to other farmed crustaceans (shrimps, crabs), Australian crayfish is characterized by a high growth rate and unpretentiousness to the conditions of aging. In the process of cultivation of red-clawed crayfish, industrial granulated feeds developed for other types of hydrobionts (shrimps, fish) are currently used. In the presence of biotechnological standards for growing juveniles and commercial products of red-clawed crayfish, the question remains open about the lack of production of balanced specialized feeds for them. The purpose of this work was to test an experimental feed developed according to its own recipe for young Australian red-clawed crayfish. The main stages of the technology of preparation of the above feed are described. The experimental feed was compared with production dry feed according to the main parameters (qualitative composition, nutritional value, consumer characteristics). Taking into account the nutritional needs of crayfish in the main nutrients (protein, fat, fiber), three types of food were selected: for loricarium catfish, for juvenile sturgeon and experimental. In accordance with them, three variants of the experiment were laid down, where the conditions of maintenance (planting density, temperature and light modes, feeding frequency) were identical, except for differences in the type of feed. During the experiment, the main differences in the size and weight parameters of groups of juvenile Australian crayfish cultured using these feeds were revealed. The necessary conditions for keeping crustaceans in the laboratory and the scheme of their control are described.
Novel Clinical Therapies and Technologies in Dialysis Vascular Access
Authors: Takahashi Edwin A. , Kilari Sreenivasulu , Misra Sanjay
Published: June 2021

The hemodialysis population continues to grow. Although procedures for dialysis have existed for >60 years, significant challenges with vascular access to support hemodialysis persist. Failure of arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) to mature, loss of AVF and graft patency, thrombosis, and infection hinder long-term access, and add extra health care costs and patient morbidity. There have been numerous innovations over the last decade aimed at addressing the issues. In this study, we review the literature and summarize the recent evolution of drug delivery, graft development, minimally invasive AVF creation, and stem-cell therapy for hemodialysis access.
Value of Assessing Personal, Organizational, and Community Impacts of Extension Volunteer Programs
Authors: Harrington Rebecca , Good Tillie , O'Neil Kandi , Grant Samantha , Maass Sarah , Vettern Rachelle , McGlaughlin Patricia
Published: June 2021

Extension volunteers demonstrate personal, organizational, and community benefits. Our group of Extension professionals in the North Central Region applied these three levels of benefit to gather quantitative and qualitative data in a comprehensive evaluation of volunteer impact. Survey responses were received from 2,978 4-H youth development volunteers in 12 states. A mixed-methods approach, such as the one we used, can provide Extension professionals with evidence to communicate the value of volunteer programs and improve their practice in volunteer systems management.
Preparing Undergraduates for Agriculture and Food Research Careers: An Internship Paradigm
Authors: Mott Rebecca , Lorenz Todd , Britt-Rankin Jo
Published: June 2021

The University of Missouri Integrated STEM Internship Program (MU-ISIP) is a 9-week internship experience that helps prepare undergraduates for the workforce or graduate school in four AFRI areas: (a) plant health and production, (b) animal health and production, (c) food safety, nutrition and health, and (d) agricultural economics and rural communities. This program helps address the need for the next generation of agriculturalists and food scientists through experiential learning. Additionally, it exposes undergraduates to Extension as a career option. This article outlines our approach to MU-ISIP and lessons learned during the program’s inception.
Assessing the Value of Video Resources in Extension-led Natural Resources Management Continuing Education Programs
Authors: Sagor Eli , Windmuller-Campione Marcella , Rodman Madison
Published: June 2021

Effective delivery of continuing education programs can improve their impact. Using the first of four two-week modules of a professional short course, we tested outcomes of a flipped classroom approach, comparing professional foresters’ completion rates, preference for, and perceived value of pre-module content delivered via video and reading. Participants in the National Advanced Silviculture Program self-reported significantly higher pre-module completion rates, preference for, and perceived value of video over reading. This simple study suggests the potential for video to serve as an accessible and preferred format for delivery of key content to supplement an in-person continuing education program.
Using True Colors® to Match Individual’s Personality Traits with the Appropriate Volunteer Role for Success
Authors: Torretta Alayne , Bovitz Laura
Published: June 2021

Just as there are different reasons that people volunteer in the community, each volunteer has specific values, different needs to be fulfilled, and different strengths to offer to Extension programs. Understanding these characteristics and utilizing them in assigning the appropriate volunteer role will result in more success in their volunteer experience. Utilizing True Colors® when assigning volunteer roles and developing working groups and committees has proven effective in our county 4-H programs. Conflicts between volunteers who do not work well together have been lessened due to reassigning them to roles that best fit their personality types.
Testing Social Media Water Conservation Messages that Convey Extension Evaluation Results
Authors: Warner Laura , Silvert Colby , Loizzo Jamie , Shellhouse Jarred
Published: June 2021

In this study, we tested frames Extension professionals could use to promote residential water conservation through social media. We randomly assigned Florida residents to view one of six visual messages with water conservation facts or stories and then measured willingness to engage with education programs and conservation behaviors. There were clear differences in message frame performance, but better performance was highly dependent on outcome metrics used. Therefore, we were unable to identify a preferred frame. These findings need to be further examined in an authentic social media environment to inform best practices in social media message framing for Extension professionals.
Riesgos laborales por ruido e iluminación: caso de estudio de una empresa de calzado
Authors: López Flores Mauricio Xavier , López Flores Elvis Román , Oñate Flores Cristhian Eduardo
Published: June 2021

Este artículo presenta una serie de medidas de control para la atenuación de niveles peligrosos de ruido e iluminación identificados mediante la evaluación de riesgos. La valoración comprende 61 puestos de trabajo con igual número de trabajadores e incluye las fases de: identificación de fuentes de peligro, estimación del riesgo, medición de niveles de ruido e iluminación y la comparación de estos datos con límites permisibles, para establecer medidas de prevención adecuadas para el personal de la empresa. Los resultados encontrados permiten demostrar que el 7 % de los trabajadores sobrepasan los 85 dB(A), categorizados como noveles críticos de exposición; ubicados en puestos de trabajo como troquelado, asentado y terminado; un 44 % expuesto a un nivel de iluminación insuficiente para el tipo de tarea realizada en las secciones de armado, aparado y pulido; y finalmente un 54 % expuesto a iluminación excesiva en secciones como corte, montaje, inyectado, bodega entre otras
The Development of Three Tier Test (TTT) Instruments to Identify Students Misconceptions on Material in Elementary
Authors: Dewi Suci Zakiah , Hilman Irfan
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this study is to develop the assessment instruments used in testing the level of science misconceptions in high grade elementary school. The instrument used is a Three-tier test (TTT) This research is a Research and Development (R&D) research that is a method of conducting research for research that produces a product, and testing the effectiveness of the product. The research stages are as follows: (1) Data Collection and Literature Studies, (2) Product Description and Design, (3) Small Scale Trials, (4) Product Analysis and Revision, (5) Broad-Scale Trials, and (6) Product Analysis and Revision. The research conducted at SDN 5 Sukagalih, Tarogong Kidul District, Garut on a small scale and for a large scale at SDN 1,2,3,4 and 5 Sukagalih, Tarogong Kidul District, Garut. Based on the results of the research obtained data that by using TTT instruments teachers can find out how much quantity of students are misconceptions, trials are conducted on a small scale and large scale and each is carried out 2 stages, namely the stage before the revision and after the revision of the instrument. The results of phase I tests on a large scale many students experienced misconceptions of 62.7% and the phase II test after instrument revision showed a significant decrease to 32.65% of students who experienced misconceptions, the presentation of a decrease in the quantity of misconceptions for large scale was 52.86%. the result was quite significant compared to the small scale which decreased by only 24.61%.   The results showed that by using TTT techniques teachers will easily identify the quantity of students who misconception and for the next the teacher will provide treatment to students to lower the quantity.
Penerapan Model Konstruksi Nilai Kesundaan Melalui Dilema Moral Pada Mahasiswa Program Studi PGMI STAI Tasikmalaya
Authors: Bernardi Bekti , Hakam Kama Abdul , Rakhmat Cece , Kosasih Aceng
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini akan mengungkap dan membuat model pembelajaran konstruksi nilai kesundaan dirancang dan dikembangkan melalui tahap analisis masalah dan kebutuhan pengguna, perancangan dan pengembangan, validasi ahli dan revisi, serta tahap uji coba berulang. Model pembelajaran secara konseptual terdiri dari komponen-komponen yang saling berkaitan dan saling mendukung antara satu sama lain. Komponen-komponen tersebut terdiri dari sintaks, sistem sosial, prinsip reaksi, dan dukungan sistem. Sintaks (Sytntax) model pembelajaran ini dibagi ke dalam tiga tahap kegiatan, yaitu pendahuluan, kegiatan inti, dan kegiatan penutup. Pendekatan penelitian ini menggunakan metode research and developent (penelitian dan pengembangan). Subjek penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa PGMI STAI Tasikmalaya. Hasil temuan terkait permasalahan pembelajaran nilai kesundaan yang dilakukan praktisi dapat berimplikasi pada peninjauan perbaikan kebijakan terkait pembelajaran nilai kesundaan, baik pada lembaga perguruan tinggi maupun pada lembaga pendidikan lainnya. Uji coba model pembelajaran konstruksi nilai berimplikasi pada kemampuan dosen dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran. Langkah-langkah model pembelajaran konstruksi nilai kesundaan dapat membantu dosen dalam meningkatkan kematangan moral mahasiswa.
Intra-Muslim Conflicts
Authors: Abdussalam Ahmad Shehu
Published: June 2021

The global Muslim community is multi-racial, multi-lingual, and multi-cultural. Over the centuries, religious groups emerged due to historical circumstances, political allegiances, interpretation of texts, cultural influences, and varied theological denominations. In some cases, the resulting intra-group rivalry has led to intra-Muslim conflicts characterized by various levels of violence, conflict, rhetoric, and verbal abuse. This article investigates the linguistic trends related to representing intra-Muslim conflicts, the factors and strategies of utilizing linguistic representation, and the classification of common terms within the context of such conflicts. It also analyzes the implications of certain vocabularies, structures, and discourse styles that represent the positions of opposing groups, perceptions of self and others, and how linguistic representation can help resolve intra-Muslim conflict. I use a pragmatic analysis to search for cultural and religious connotations in samples of common terms employed in the conflicts in question. Although the global Muslim community is multi-lingual, Arabic terms are commonly used in intra-Muslim conflicts. Given this reality, I focus on Arabic terms and present only a few non-Arabic loan words that have been adopted.
Water and Sign Magic in al-Jabin, Yemen
Authors: Hehmeyer Ingrid
Published: June 2021

The preserved heritage of al-Jabin, a town located in Yemen’s western highlands, offers a unique opportunity to document traditional water engineering principles. There are no springs in the immediate vicinity, because the town is perched at the edge of the mountain escarpment. Even today, water is provided by open cisterns that collect surface run-off following a rain. But as the rains needed to feed the system are highly unpredictable, the water supply is never secure. The perimeter wall of one of the cisterns bears a group of seven signs, a detailed description of which is given in Kitab Shams al-Ma`arif wa-Lata’if al-`Awarif, a work attributed to Ahmad ibn `Ali al-Buni (d. 1225), a well-known prolific writer on magic. Al-Buni explains that the signs symbolize God’s supreme name and thus display great magical power of a protective and well-wishing nature. Generally speaking, magical practices attempt to influence the course of natural events by calling upon a superhuman force. In the case of the cistern, God’s supreme name was inscribed in the hopes that this would lead to a guaranteed water supply. While it is easy to dismiss al-Buni’s text and the observed practice in al-Jabin as superstitious frailty, one needs to bear in mind that under life-threatening circumstances, even people in the modern West easily resort to magical procedures.
ANALISIS BIAYA DAN KEUNTUNGAN PADA PERUSAHAAN PETERNAKAN BABI DI KOTA TOMOHON (STUDY KASUS)
Authors: Oroh Franky N
Published: June 2021

abstract: this research were aimed (1) to analyze how large is the production cost which has been settled by farmers at pig farming company at tomohon regency, (2) to analyze how much profit obtained by the farmers, and (3), to analyze the breakeven point in this business. this research was using survey method by case study approached at 3 farms, owned by mr. jemmy eman (cv. anugerah), mr. ronald kalalo (ud. prima) and mr. piyau gerungai (ud. century).  data analysis model were using descriptive analytical approach and mathematical approach in particular with analysis of production cost and profit, and breakeven point analysis. it could be concluded  that  (1)  the use of production cost at cv. anugerah, ud. prima and ud. century pig farm companies at tomohon regency per period of production per year were efficient, as proved by the return of investment (roi) value  gained at each farm which gives level of profit. (2) the value of breakeven point at each farm was on profitable production volume, because they have operated above breakeven point value. abstract : tujuan penelitian ialah (1) untuk menganalisis berapa besar biaya produksi usaha ternak babi yang dialokasikan oleh peternak pada perusahan peternakan babi di kota tomohon, (2) untuk menganalisis berapa besar keuntungan peternak pada perusahan peternakan babi di kota tomohon, dan (3) untuk menganalisis titik impas pada perusahan peternakan babi di kota tomohon. penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey melalui pendekatan studi kasus  pada tiga perusahan peternakan babi yaitu perusahan peternakan babi milik bapak jemmy eman (cv. anugerah), bapak ronald kalalo (ud. prima) dan bapak piyau gerungai (ud. century). model analisis data menggunakan pendekatan analisis deskriptif dan matematik yaitu analisis biaya produksi dan keuntungan serta analisis titik impas. kesimpulan hasil penelitian ini ialah (1) penggunaan biaya produksi usaha peternakan babi pada perusahaan cv. anugerah, ud. prima dan ud. century di tomohon per periode produksi per tahun sudah efisien dengan dibuktikan oleh nilai return of investment (roi) yang diperoleh pada masing-masing perusahan peternakan babi yang memberikan tingkat keuntungan. (2) nilai titik impas yang diperoleh pada masing-masing perusahan peternakan babi baik cv. anugerah, ud. prima dan ud. century di  tomohon berada pada volume produksi yang menguntungkan sebab sudah beroperasi diatas nilai titik impas. Cost, Benefit, Pig Farm
HUBUNGAN KUALITAS LAYANAN PRAKTEK KLINIK DENGAN KEPUASAN MAHASISWA JURUSAN KEPERAWATAN GIGI
Authors: Kasihani Ni Nyoman , Widyastuti Rini , Fadjeri Indrayati , Emini Emini
Published: June 2021

Latar belakang: Mahasiswa adalah salah satu pelanggan dalam dunia pendidikan. Kepuasan terhadap kualitas layanan penting dilakukan evaluasi secara berkala untuk perbaikan kinerja, agar sesuai dengan yang diharapkan mahasiswa. Tujuan: untuk menganalisis hubungan kualitas layanan praktek klinik terhadap kepuasan mahasiswa di Jurusan Keperawatan Gigi Poltekkes Kemenkes Jakarta I. Metode: Jenis penelitian analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional, dilakukan pada bulan Juni-Oktober 2018. Penelitian dilakukan pada seluruh mahasiswa tingkat 2 dan 3. Penelitian dilakukan dengan total sampling. Instrument penelitian menggunakan kuesioner dengan hasil uji validitas Korelasi Product Moment antara 0,222 â€“ 0,668 dan uji reliabilitas Koefisien Alpha Cronbach 0,710. Analisis data dengan uji univariate, Chi-Square dan Regresi Logistik Multivariabel. Hasil: Sebagian besar mahasiswa merasa puas terhadap layanan praktek klinik dengan persentase 60,5%. Variabel dimensi kualitas layanan klinik yaitu bukti langsung, kehandalan, daya tanggap, jaminan dan empati memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan kepuasan mahasiswa dengan nilai p value < 0,05. Dimensi jaminan memiliki hubungan yang paling besar dengan kepuasan mahasiswa dengan nilai OR 482,497. Kesimpulan: Sebagian besar mahasiswa merasa puas terhadap layanan klinik. Dimensi kualitas layanan klinik memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan kepuasan mahasiswa. Variabel Jaminan memiliki hubungan terbesar dengan kepuasan mahasiswa.

Kata kunci: Kualitas praktek klinik, kepuasan, mahasiswa
HYGIENE BEHAVIOR OF FEMALE ADOLESCENT DURING MENSTRUATION IN THE RURAL AREA OF SERANG REGENCY , BANTEN
Authors: Ritanti Ritanti , Wahyudi Chandra Tri , Permatasari Indah
Published: June 2021

Salah satu akar permasahan infeksi yang berhubungan dengan organ reproduksi remaja bersumber pada higiene yang tdak baik saat menstruasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melihat pengaruh karakteristik remaja, paparan kesehatan reproduksi dan peran ibu terhadap perilaku higiene remaja putri selama menstruasi. Desain penelitian menggunakan deskriptif korelasi dengan pendekatan cross sectional,. Sejumlah 367 remaja putri yang diwilayah Kecamatan Baros Serang berpartisipasi dalam penelitian. Hasil uji pemodelan dengan regresi logistic berganda terdapat 5 (lima) variabel yang berpengaruh terhadap perilaku hygiene remaja perempuan yaitu umur, keikutsertaan dalam organisasi, jumlah sumber informasi, jumlah media informasi, dan peran ibu sebesar 98,5 %.. Peneliti merekomendasikan hasil penelitian dapat dijadikan dasar kebijakan pelayanan dan pengembangan kesehatan reproduksi remaja di wilayah Dinas kesehatan Provinsi Banten.
SOCIETY DIMENSIONS REVIEWED FROM LOSS & GRIEVING IN COVID-19 PANDEMIC ERA
Authors: Rahmawati Rahmawati , Putri Evita Muslima Isnanda , Azizah Fidrotin
Published: June 2021

Background:Covid-19 pandemic has spread across the world and is having an impact globally. The rules for handling the Covid-19 pandemic force people to change their habits and patterns of daily life. Covid-19 has brought dramatic changes to our lives, including many losses. However, change or transition experienced by the community due to the Covid-19 pandemic can cause loss and grief.Objectives:This study aims to determine society dimension variables with loss and grief in Covid-19 pandemic era.Methods:. Correlational analytic with cross sectional approach that analyzes the relationship between age, sex, education and occupation with Loss and Grieving. A sample of 278 respondents with accidental sampling technique. The instrument uses a questionnaire distributed by social media. Descriptive analysis with process analysis, analytic analysis with chi square test and Spearman's Rho at a significance level of 5%Results: All respondents experienced a grieving phase and most were in the Bargaining stage (54.3%). Men are more acceptable (14.3%) than women (9.6%). The age of 33.3% early adolescents and people who do not work 50% are dominant in the anger phase, most of all educational backgrounds are in the Bargaining phase (42.8% -55.9%)Conclusion:The length of time the incident occurred, the cultural context, the similarity of policies, and the territorial background of the Indonesian State greatly influenced the loss and grieving stages, making the majority of the grieving stages in the Bargaining stage. Keywords: loss, grief, Covid-19
IMPLEMENTATION OF EARLY WARNING SYSTEM IN NURSING WARD: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Diana Meli , Prayoga Dimas Hadi , Wijayanti Dini Prastyo
Published: June 2021

Background: Hospital service is a process that involves all elements in the hospital including nurses and inpatient rooms or nursing wards. Different inpatient conditions will be treated in separated wards, by the same token patients with unstable conditions are admitted in intensive care units, this procedure aims to reduce the mortality incidence due to sudden cardiac arrest, therefore early detection of patients’ clinical deterioration using the early warning score system performed by the nurse in the nursing wards is required. Objective: This review study is a summary of the early warning system implementation in the nursing wards. Design: The data was obtained from international journal providers Proquest and Ebsco databases. The author accessed unair.remotexs.co website. Review Methods: Narative Review. Results: Early warning score is an effective intervention for emergency detection in patients. Conclusion: Early detection clinical emergency or known as the Early Warning Score System (EWSS) is the application of a scoring system for early detection of patient's condition before a worsening situation occurs. The implementation of this scoring system is necessary due to the high rate of deterioration of patient conditions that requiring immediate management to prevent profound deterioration and its subsequent adverse effect

Keywords : Early warning system;nurse care;literatur;review
JURIDICAL REVIEW OF HEALTH PERSONEL PROTECTION AS A LEADING GUARD IN EFFORTS TO ACCELERATE THE HANDLING OF COVID-19: A NARRATIVE REVIEW
Authors: Sushanty Vera Rimbawani
Published: June 2021

Health workers who are handling patient of SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2) or better known as the Coronavirus are legal subjects who carry out their obligations properly at their leader command, ruled accordance with the legal corridors, obtained the law right and protected from positive legal norms. This narrative research aims juridical review for protection the health workers during coronavirus pandemic. Using literature that obtained by looking materials and sources that match the theme and related them. Protection of health workers as the frontline in efforts to accelerate the handling of the coronavirus pandemic. Civil Servants who served during the Covid-19 pandemic will get a promotion one level higher. The incentive budget for medical personnel comes from a budget reallocation that has been set by Mr. President Joko Widodo for 16.63 trillion in 2020. This award is in the form of compensation and for health workers who fail, the government awards “Bintang Jasa Pratama” and “Bintang Jasa Nararya”. The government provides protection by issuing various policies to protect health workers as the frontline in efforts to accelerate the handling of coronavirus disease 2019.

 

Keywords: Health workers, legal protection, Covid-19.
КЛІНІЧНИЙ ПРОЯВ ТОКСОПЛАЗМОЗУ У КОТІВ (ДІАГНОСТИКА ТА ЛІКУВАННЯ)
Authors: Кустуров В. , Брошков М.
Published: June 2021

В роботі описаний клінічний перебіг поліорганної недостатності у кота за Toxoplasma gondii. Також вказані зміни деяких біохімічних показників крові та загального клінічного аналізу крові. Для встановлення остаточного підтвердження зараження необхідним є серологічне дослідження та проведення копрограми. Біохімічне дослідження крові показує, що найбільше вражаються нирки при цьому рівень сечовини становить 25,8 ммоль\л (фізіологічні межі 5,4-12,1 ммоль/л ) а рівень креатиніну 471,7мкмоль/л (фізіологічні межі 70-165 мкмоль/л ).
ПОКАЗНИКИ ЯКОСТІ І БЕЗПЕЧНОСТІ М'ЯСО ПТИЦІ ЗА РІЗНИХ УМОВ ЗБЕРІГАННЯ
Authors: Коренєва Ж. , Хімич М. , Родіонова К. , Гуніч В. , Данилейко М.
Published: June 2021

Проблема збереження харчової цінності м'яса всіх видів тварин та птиці є проблемою номер один в нашій державі. М'ясо сільськогосподарської птиці за показниками харчової цінності та технологічними властивостями не поступається м'ясу тварин, а за більшістю параметрів навіть перевершує його. В сучасних умовах світової птахопереробної галузі, коли відмічається збільшення обсягів виробництва та постачання продукції в Україну, проблема контролю якості цієї продукції стає найголовнішою і першочерговою. Останнім часом фахівці звертають увагу на вплив різноманітних чинників на якість і безпечність м'яса птиці під час його зберігання, особливо тривалого. 

Хімічний склад м'ясної сировини є об’єктивним показником поживної цінності м’яса птиці. Хімічний склад м'яса залежить від виду птиці, її породи, статі, віку, вгодованості. Тому за складом м’ясо птиці, навіть одного виду, може бути різним і відрізнятися від показників у довідниках. Крім того, м'ясо птиці різних видів, має різні умови і терміни зберігання, при порушенні яких сировина втрачає свою якість.
ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ ІНКУБАЦІЇ ЯЄЦЬ ПЕРЕПЕЛІВ
Authors: Трач В.
Published: June 2021

Додаткове введення вітаміну Е до раціону маточного поголів’я в дозі 20 г/т підвищувало виводимість на 1,6 %, причому вихід кондиційного молодняку до 7-добового віку був на 2,1 % більше ніж в контрольній групі, що споживала стандартний комбікорм. Обробка інкубаційних яєць розчином хлоридної кислоти сприяла збільшенню кількості виведеного молодняку на 1,3 %, розчином гідроген пероксиду – на 3,4 %, а розчином натрію гіпохлориту – на 2,7 %. Обробка інкубаційних яєць розчином хлоридної кислоти за додаткового введення вітаміну Е до раціону маточного поголів’я сприяла збільшенню кількості виведеного молодняку на 5,2 % відповідно до показників контрольної групи. Застосування натрію гіпохлориту для хімічної обробки інкубаційних яєць на 14-ту добу інкубації за додаткового введення вітаміну Е до раціону маточного поголів’я сприяє підвищенню виведення пташенят до 90,1 %, що на 3,9 % більше від значень у контрольній групі перепелів. Хімічна обробка інкубаційних яєць на 14-ту добу інкубації розчином гідроген пероксиду за додаткового введення вітаміну Е до раціону маточного поголів’я сприяла підвищенню виведення пташенят до показника – 90,6 %, що на 4,4 % більше від показників контрольної групи.
РЕАБІТАЛІЦІЙНІ ЗАХОДИ У РАЗІ ГОСТРИХ РОЗЛАДІВ ТРАВЛЕННЯ У ТЕЛЯТ ПІД ЧАС НЕОНАТАЛЬНОГО ПЕРІОДУ
Authors: Тодоров М. , Кушнір В.
Published: June 2021

Застосування продукту мікробіологічного синтезу зі штамів спороутворюючих мікроорганізмів кормової добавки Олін по 3г на тварину на день впродовж 10 днів після перехворювання телят на гострі розлади травлення, сприяє відновленню гематологічних показників та профілактує рецидиви шлунково - кишкових захворювань.
ПОШИРЕННЯ ТРЕМАТОДОЗІВ ВЕЛИКОЇ РОГАТОЇ ХУДОБИ ТА ЗАХОДИ БОРОТЬБИ
Authors: Гудь А. , Довгій Ю.
Published: June 2021

Науковим дослідженням було установлено, що в господарствах Житомирської області, широке розповсюдження набули такі паразитарні захворювання: фасціольоз, парамфістоматоз та дикроцеліоз. Вони є досить поширеними на даній території і несуть значні економічні збитки для господарств.

Досліджено, що середня екстенсивність інвазії становила 38,2%, парамфістомозу 4,2% та дикроцеліозу 6,9%, при максимальній ураженості в даному господарстві складає в межах 33-42%. Встановлено, що шляхами розповсюдження даних захворювань є стоячі мілкі водоймища, що знаходяться на пасовищах де випасається велика рогата худоба. Упродовж весняного періоду трематодозна інвазія почала знижуватись і зберігалась на такому рівні влітку та восени.

Результати досліджень свідчили про зміни гематологічних показників крові у хворих тварин після введення антигельмінтика «Тектін Супер». На початку досліджень було встановлено, що у хворих тварин інтенсивність інвазії складала 12,0 яєць фасціол, 7,0 яєць дикроцелій, 4,0 яйця парамфістом в одному грамі фекалій. На 15 - добу ефективність антигельмінтика становила 100%. Було отримано задовільні результати після лікування, що підтверджується підвищенням кількості еритроцитів, сегментоядерних нейтрофілів, лімфоцитів, вмісту гемоглобіну в еритроциті, гематокриту. Гематологічні показники крові тварин відновились до фізіологічних меж.

Підвищення біохімічних показників крові до фізіологічних меж або контрольної групи, проходило за рахунок дії антигельмінтика Тектін Супер на фасціоли, дикроцелії, парамфістоми. Це проходило за рахунок припинення синтезу і проникнення в організм продуктів життєдіяльності трематод, що володіє імуносупресивною дією. Результат дії антигельмінтика на організм був позитивним.
БІОТЕХНОЛОГІЯ ВИРОЩУВАННЯ ТА ПЕРЕРОБКИ ЕЙХОРНІЇ
Authors: Петренко C. , Кірович Н. , Ясько В. , Сідашова С. , Шлапак Г. , Поварова Н. , Найда В.
Published: June 2021

Володарка незвичної для слуху назви ейхорнія (латаття, гіацинт) стає сільськогосподарською культурою в Україні. Перший практичний досвід отримання зеленої маси придбаний в експериментальному фермерському господарстві "У Самвела" в Одеській області. Тут розроблена інноваційна біотехнологія вирощування, а також техніка подальшого застосування на корм тваринам і птахам зеленої маси водяного гіацинта. Культуру вирощують і в теплицях, і в відкритих водоймах.

У країнах відповідного клімату не так давно почали масово вирощувати гіацинт для вживання його в їжу, як салат, і з метою виготовлення органічного палива. Перспективність вирощування в умовах Одеської області ейхорнії і застосуванні цієї культури в годівлі продуктивних тварин, як у вигляді добавки до раціону свіжих рослин, так і після силосування.

Розроблена експериментальна методика силосування зеленої маси ейхорнії, яка передбачає певні технологічні процеси. Зразки експериментального силосу виглядали і пахли краще, ніж взяті для порівняння зразки силосу з кукурудзи. Проведений органолептичний аналіз показав хорошу якість продукту: приємний фруктово-хлібний запах, зеленуватий колір, відсутність ознак псування, цвілі, гнилі.
Diagnóstico da pesca amadora embarcada na região de São Francisco do Sul (SC)
Authors: Schork Gianfrancisco , Mottola Leticia Salua Maraschin , Hostim-Silva Mauricio
Published: June 2021

O turismo da pesca amadora é atualmente um segmento altamente rentável em todo o mundo gerando empregos e trazendo divisas para as regiões onde se pratica esta atividade. A ilha de São Francisco do Sul, norte do Estado de Santa Catarina, possui uma infinidade de ilhas, parcéis e naufrágios, constituindo um importante pólo da pesca amadora. Este trabalho teve como objetivo diagnosticar a pesca amadora embarcada na região  da Ilha de São Francisco do Sul, descrevendo o perfil sócio econômico do pescador amador e analisando a dinâmica da atividade em suas diferentes etapas. Para isso foi utilizada uma metodologia combinada: entrevistas com roteiros semi-estruturados para os pescadores amadores embarcados (97) e observação direta. Foram realizadas 50 saídas de campo para os Municípios de Balneário Barra do Sul e São Francisco do Sul entre janeiro de 2006 e março de 2007. Os pescadores amadores embarcados entrevistados são na maioria homens com idades entre 41 e 50 anos, possuindo renda familiar entre R$ 2.501,00 e R$ 5.000,00 e nível superior completo. Permanecem na região entre seis e 24 horas, gastando no local geralmente de R$ 101,00 a R$ 250,00. Somente 25% possuíam a carteira de pesca amadora. Pontos de pesca utilizados incluem ilhas, naufrágios, um pesqueiro artificial e o chamado “mar azul”. São utilizadas iscas naturais e artificiais, molinete e carretilha, anzóis e linhas de diversos tipos. As principais espécies capturadas incluem: betara (Menticirrhus spp), dourado (Coryphaena hippurus), cocoroca (Orthopristis ruber), bicuda (Sphyraena guachancho), anchova (Pomatomus saltatrix) e peixe-espada (Trichiurus lepturus).