bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
General practitioners’ management of patients with psychological stress: audit results from Denmark
Authors: Lykkegaard Jesper , Prior Anders , Rosendal Marianne
Published: March 2020

Background: In western countries, psychological stress is among the most common causes of long-lasting sick leave and a frequent reason to consult the general practitioner (GP). This study aimed to investigate how GPs manage patients with psychological stress and how the management is associated with the patient´s sex, the GP’s assessment of causality, and coexisting mental disorders. Methods: We conducted an audit of consecutive cases in Danish general practice. The GPs used electronic medical records to fill in a registration form for each 18-65-year-old patient with whom they had had at least one consultation regarding stress during the past six months. Only patients initially in the workforce were included. Age- and sex-adjusted binary regression was applied. Results: Fifty-six GPs (61% women) identified 785 cases. The patients’ mean age was 44 years and 69% were women. The cause of stress was considered at least partially work-related in 69% of the cases and multifactorial in a third of cases. The management included sick leave (54%), counselling (47%), pharmaceutical treatment (37%), and referral to psychologist (38%). Compared to women, stress in men was less often considered work-related ( RR: 0.84, CI95%: 0.77-0.92) and men were less often sick-listed (RR: 0.83 CI95%: 0.73-0.96) but were more often prescribed tranquilizers (RR: 1.72 CI95%: 1.08-2.74) . Conclusions: GPs’ management of patients with stress usually involve elements of counselling, sick leave, referral to psychologist, and medication. Women and men with stress are perceived of and managed differently.
Effects and safety of the combination of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and hyaluronic acid (HA) in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Authors: Zhao Jinlong , Huang Hetao , Liang Guihong , Zeng Ling-feng , Yang Weiyi , Liu Jun
Published: March 2020

Background Studies have shown that the combined application of hyaluronic acid (HA) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) can repair degenerated cartilage and delay the progression of knee osteoarthritis (KOA). The purpose of this study was to explore the efficacy and safety of the intra-articular injection of PRP combined with HA compared with the intra-articular injection of PRP or HA alone in the treatment of KOA.Methods The PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases were searched from inception to December 2019. Randomized controlled trials and cohort studies of PRP combined with HA for KOA were included. Two orthopaedic surgeons conducted the literature retrieval and extracted the data. Outcome indicators included the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC), the Lequesne Index, the visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain, and adverse events (AEs). Review Manager 5.3 was used to calculate the relative risk (RR) or standardized mean difference (SMD) of the pooled data. STATA 14.0 was used for quantitative publication bias evaluation.Results Seven studies (5 randomized controlled trials, 2 cohort studies) with a total of 941 patients were included. In the VAS comparison after 6 months of follow-up, PRP combined with HA was more likely to reduce knee pain than PRP alone (SMD: -0.31; 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.55 to -0.06; P=0.01 < 0.05). PRP combined with HA for KOA achieved better improvements in the WOMAC Function Score (SMD: -0.32; 95% CI: -0.54 to -0.10; P < 0.05) and WOMAC Total Score (SMD: -0.42; 95% CI: -0.67 to -0.17; P < 0.05) at the 12-month follow-up than did the application of PRP alone. In a comparison of Lequesne Index scores at the 6-month follow-up, PRP combined with HA improved knee pain scores more than PRP alone (SMD: -0.42; 95% CI: -0.67 to -0.17; P < 0.05). In terms of AEs, PRP combined with HA was not significantly different from PRP or HA alone (P>0.05).Conclusions Compared with intra-articular injection of PRP alone, that of PRP combined with HA can improve the WOMAC Function Scores, WOMAC Total Score, 6-month follow-up VAS ratings, and Lequesne Index scores. However, in terms of the incidence of AEs, PRP combined with HA is not significantly different from PRP or HA alone.
Contextual factors of self-regulation in adolescent medical rehabilitation patients—a qualitative study
Authors: Höhn Cindy , Metzner Gloria , Waldeck Edith , Glattacker Manuela
Published: March 2020

The authors have withdrawn this preprint from Research Square
Diagnostic value of serum miR-145 and miR-185 as targeting of the APRIL oncogene in the B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Bagheri Malihe , Khansarinejad Behzad , Mosayebi Ghasem , Moradabadi Alireza , Mondanizadeh Mahdieh
Published: March 2020

Background: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is one of the most common hematologic malignancy in adults worldwide. This cancer has a poor prognosis at different stages. So, the identification of new biomarkers is important for early diagnosis of B-CLL. Considering the oncogenic role of APRIL molecule in this leukemia as well as the regulatory role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in different signaling pathways, the present study evaluated the miRNAs targeting APRIL gene in B-CLL.Methods: The miRNAs were predicted and selected using bioinformatics algorithms. A total of 80 plasma samples (40 samples of healthy individuals and 40 samples of B-CLL patients) were subjected to RNA extraction and synthesis of cDNA. The expressions levels of predicted miRNAs and APRIL gene in plasma of B-CLL patients and healthy individuals were assessed by Real time PCR analysis. ROC analysis was performed to investigate the role predicted miRNAs as novel biomarkers in diagnosis of B-CLL. Results: The results of the prediction showed that miR-145-5p and miR-185-5p target the APRIL gene. The expression level of APRIL gene was strikingly higher in plasma of B-CLL patients than in the healthy individuals (102, P= 0.001). On the other hand, expression levels of miR-145-5p and miR-185-5p were strikingly lower in B-CLL patients than in the healthy individuals (0.07, P= 0.001) (0.29, P= 0.001). Also, ROC curve analyses demonstrated that miR-145-5p and miR-185-5p are specific and sensitive and may serve as new biomarkers for the early detection of B-CLL. Conclusions: These data suggest that the study miRNAs may have a role in B-CLL development and progression. Moreover, miR-145-5p and miR-185-5p can be served as a novel and potential biomarker in the diagnosis of B-CLL.
A nomogram based on Aspartate Aminotransferase/Alanine Aminotransferase (AST/ALT) ratio after surgery to predict the prognostic value in patients with gastric cancer
Authors: Li Linfang , Xing Shan , Xue Ning , Wu Miantao , Liang Yaqing , Xu Qingxia , Feng Lingmin , Zeng Qiuyao , Chen Shulin
Published: March 2020

Background This study aimed to develop an effective nomogram for predicting overall survival (OS) in surgically treated gastric cancer. Methods We retrospectively evaluated 190 gastric cancer in this study. Cox regression analyses were performed to identify significant prognostic factors for OS in patients with resectable gastric cancer. The predictive accuracy of nomogram was assessed by calibration plot, concordance index (C-index) and decision curve, and then were compared with the traditional TNM staging system. Based on the total points (TPS) by nomogram, we further divided patients into different risk groups. Results On multivariate analysis of the 190 cohort, independent factors for survival were age, clinical stage and Aspartate Aminotransferase/Alanine Aminotransferase (SLR), which were entered into the nomogram. The calibration curve for the probability of OS showed that the nomogram-based predictions were in good agreement with actual observations. And the C-index of the established nomogram for predicting OS had a superior discrimination power compared with the TNM staging system [0.768 (95% CI: 0.725-0.810) vs 0.730 (95% CI: 0.688-0.772), p < 0.05]. Decision curve also demonstrated that the nomogram was better than TNM staging system. Based on the TPS of the nomogram, we further subdivided the study cohort into 3 groups: low risk (TPS ≤ 158), middle risk (158 < TPS ≤ 188), high risk (TPS > 188), the differences of OS rate were significant in the groups. Conclusions The established nomogram resulted in more accurate prognostic prediction for individual patient with resectable gastric cancer.
The Mid-term outcomes of ankle Dias-Tachdjian PEER physeal fracture in children treat by ORIF with One-stage medial-lateral combined incision
Authors: XIANG Feng , LI Bo , XIAO Sheng , Wen Jie , LIU Hong , LI Xin , FANG Ke , TANG Zhongwen , CAO Shu , Lee Bo , LI Fanling , ZHU Kewei
Published: March 2020

Objectives: To report the mid-term outcomes and complications of ankle Dias-Tachdjian pronation-eversion external rotation (PEER) physeal fracture in children treat by ORIF with combined medial and lateral incision. Materials and Methods: A total of 21 children (12 male and 9 female patients with ankle Dias-Tachdjian PEER physeal fracture, underwent open reduction treatment with combined medial and lateral incision between Jan, 2015 and Oct, 2017. The surgical outcomes were assessed by X-ray film after operation. The lateral distal tibia angle (LDTA) was measured to evaluate angular deformity and the X rays was taken to evaluate the premature physeal arrest. Result: All the patients were followed up for an average time of 20.1 months (ranging from 17 to 25 months). Bone healing was achieved in all cases. American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society-Ankle and Hindfoot score(AOFAS-AH) of the patients improved from median 31(11,38) before operation to median 68(63,73) post-operation, median score 91(87,96) at last follow-up. Lateral distal tibia angle (LDTA) of the patients improved from 70.5±4.9 before operation to 90.0±1.2 post-operation, measure 90.6±3.7 at last follow-up. The differences between pre and post operation and the differences between pre-operation and last follow-up in both findings were statistically significant (P<0.05). There is no premature physeal closure, ankle deformity in 19 cases. They could normally exercise and take part in normal sport activities. The remaining 2 cases had physeal bone bridge and premature physeal closure but could still carry on daily activities and thus were categorized as good. Conclusion: ORIF with one-stage medial-lateral combined incision for ankle Dias-Tachdjian PEER physeal fracture in children can decrease the rate of premature physeal closure and has excellent efficacy for fracture union and the recovery of ankle functions.
Adolescents Nutrition Knowledge: A mixed methods Research.
Authors: Mafugu Tafirenyika
Published: March 2020

Background Poor nutrition has been associated with lack of nutrition education, which leads to chronic diseases like diabetes, hypertension, obesity and coronary artery diseases. The objectives of the study were to evaluate learners’ knowledge of nutrition education principles and to determine how the knowledge of nutrition principles could be improved among learners. Methods Mixed methods cross-sectional research with application of semi-structured face-to-face interviews and a structured questionnaire were used to collect data. Eight stake-holders participated in the qualitative component of the study while 108 learners from 8 different schools responded to the questionnaire. The qualitative data was analyzed by coding and categorizing the data into themes and sub-themes while the quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS yielding frequencies, percentages, means and standard deviations. Results A significant proportion of learners lacked the nutrition knowledge due to the absence of health promotion campaigns in the schools and teaching of the nutrition principles was only limited to Life Science in the high school curriculum. Majority (56%) of the learners were taught nutrition education at primary school mainly in the Life Orientation curriculum while less than 2% were taught in grade 11 and 12. About 92% of the learners were not aware of the nutritional value of fruits, vegetables, milk and fats. Conclusions Incorporation of nutrition education in a compulsory subject in high school and in-school nutrition education sessions in school gatherings that involve various stakeholders is critical in improving the nutrition knowledge of stakeholders. Such interventions will assist in curbing diet related chronic diseases.
Hsa_circ_0005273 regulates YAP1-Hippo signaling pathway by targeting miR-200a-3p to promote breast cancer progression.
Authors: Wang Xuehui , Ji Changle , Luo Qifeng , Hu Jiashu , Deng Xiaochong , Zheng Wenfang , Yu Yunhe , Hua Kaiyao , Zhou Xiqian , Fang Lin
Published: March 2020

Background : Hsa_circ_0005273 is a circRNA generated from several exons of PTK2. However, the potential functions of hsa_circ_0005273 in breast cancer remains unknown. Here we aim to explore the role of hsa_circ_0005273 in BC. Methods : We chose miR-200a-3p as the potential target of hsa_circ_0005273. The expression levels of hsa_circ_0005273 and miR-200a-3p were examined in BC tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues by qRT-PCR. To characterize the function of hsa_circ_0005273, experiments of cell proliferation and migration were performed in BC cell lines infected with lentivirus targeting hsa_circ_0005273. In addition, xenografts experiment in nude mice were performed to evaluate the effect of hsa_circ_0005273 in BC. Luciferase reporter assay was conducted to confirm the relationship between hsa_circ_0005273 and miR-200a-3p as well as miR-200a-3p andYAP1. Results : Hsa_circ_0005273 is over-expressed in BC tissues and cell lines, whereas miR-200a-3p expression is repressed. Depletion of has_circ_0005273 or upregulation of miR-200a-3p inhibited the proliferation and migration of BC cells in vitro and vivo. Mechanistically, hsa_circ_0005273 upregulated YAP1 by targeting miR-200a-3p and activated Hippo signaling pathway to promote BC progression. Conclusions : Hsa_circ_0005273 regulates the miR-200a-3p/YAP1 axis and activates Hippo signaling pathway to promote BC progression, and it may serve as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target. Keywords : breast cancer, hsa_circ_0005273, miR-200a-3p,YAP1, progression
Clinical Diagnostic Value for Colorectal cancer Based on Serum CEA, CA24-2 and CA19-9
Authors: Rao Hui , Wu Heming , Huang Qingyan , Yu Zhikang , Zhang Qunji , Zhong Zhixiong
Published: March 2020

Background To explore the clinical value of a combined detection of serum concentration of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 24-2 (CA24-2), and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) for colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods The levels of serum tumor markers (CEA, CA24-2 and CA19-9) and clinicopathologic features in patients with colorectal cancer in Meizhou People's Hospital were evaluated. In addition, KRAS/NRAS, PIK3CA and BRAF mutations were detected in some patients with colorectal cancer. Results A total of 2,281 patients (1,420 males and 861 females) were recruited in the study, included 1,578 colorectal cancer patients and 703 controls. The levels of CEA, CA24-2 and CA19-9 in colorectal cancer group was significantly higher than control group. The sensitivities of three individual markers were lower than 30%, which individual sensitivity of the tumor markers sorted in descending order were CEA> CA19-9> CA24-2. The specificities of three individual markers were more than 92%, and the specificity sorted in descending order were CA24-2> CA19-9> CEA. The prediction equation excluding the risk of colorectal cancer was. Probability (normal) = Exp (-5.47 - 0.28CEA - 0.11 CA242 + 0.001 CA199)/ (1+ Exp (-5.47 - 0.28CEA - 0.11 CA242 + 0.001 CA199)). There were no significant differences in age, gender, histology type, differentiation, depth of invasion and TNM stage between mutations in KRAS/NRAS , BRAF and PIK3CA genes or not, respectively. Conclusions Serum CEA, ca24-2, and ca19-9 are valuable noninvasive indicators for the detection and screening of patients with early colon cancer. We need to look for other, more sensitive tumor markers.
Seed proteins mining for development, nutrition and germination using comparative proteomics analysis in quinoa（Chenopodium quinoa willd.)
Authors: Xu Suxia , Huang Qingyun , Li Ziyang , Huang Yijin , Lin Chunsong , He Enming , Lin Fucong
Published: March 2020

Background Recently quinoa( Chenopodium quinoa willd., 2n=4x=36)raises worldwide popularity with its totally nutrition, stress-tolerance, which leads quinoa to a strategic global food from an Andean native crop. However, seed pre-harvest sprouting, saponin contents e.c., restrict greatly quinoa production and popularity. In the study, we successfully used a combinational proteomics of TMT labeling and parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) to assess proteome changes relating to seed maturation conversion in quinoa to help accelerate genetic improvement for quinoa. Results In total, 6,097 proteins were identified and 4,770 proteins were quantified. Of them, 581 were differential expressed proteins (DEPs). Based on PRM data, seventeen DEPs were identified and quantified, including thirteen down-regulated proteins and four up-regulated proteins. Seventeen DEPs involved in oleanane-type saponins bio-synthesis (β-amyrin 28-oxidase), seed generation (β-Amylase), seed dormancy (late embryogenesis abundant proteins, Cyprosin), seed nutrition (globulin seed storage proteins), accumulation of sugars under seed desiccation (EARLY-RESPONSIVE TO DEHYDRATION 7 protein), pre-harvest sprouting (seed biotin-containing protein SBP65, ABA-inducible protein PHV A1), and enzymes related promoting seed maturation (bifunctional purple acid phosphatase 26), and pigment biosynthesis (3-O-glucosyltransferase). Conclusions We present the high-quality proteomics analysis of quinoa assessing proteome changes during seed maturation conversion. Our results summarize a valuable proteome profiles characterizing quinoa seed maturation. The DEPs are candidate for the functional analyses of proteins regulating seed maturation conversion in quinoa, which provide an important first step towards the genetic improvement of quinoa.
Influence of a 100-mile ultramarathon on the heart rate and the heart rate variability
Authors: Schrieber Simone , Paech Christian , Wüstenfeld Jan , Dähnert Ingo , Wolfarth Bernd , Thouet Thomas , Hellinger Paul Schmidt-
Published: March 2020

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of an ultra-marathon (UM) with a distance of 100 miles on heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV). METHODS: Altogether, 28 runners (25 men and 3 women) received a 24-hour long-term ECG one week before the UM (U1), immediately after (U2) and after a week of recovery (U3). The influence of age, body mass index (BMI), HR and HRV on the run time as well as recovery were investigated. RESULTS: A rise in the baseline heart rate accompanied by a significant drop in SDNN values ​​(the standard deviation of all normal RR intervals) was found. Except for the age of the runners, BMI, HF and HRV did not predict the competition time. Full return of HRV to the athlete’s individual baseline did not occur within one week. There were no significant differences between finishers and non-finishers in analyzed parameters. CONCLUSION: The present results show that a 100-mile run leads to an increase in sympathetic activity and thus to an increase in heart rate and a decrease in HRV. In addition, HRV seems to be a suitable parameter to evaluate full recovery after a 100-mile run.
Identification of Dietary Molecules as Therapeutic Agents to Combat COVID-19 Using Molecular Docking Studies
Authors: Khan Mohammad Faheem , Khan Mohsin Ali , Khan Zaw Ali , Ahamad Tanveer , Ansari Waseem Ahmad
Published: March 2020

Recently, a new and fatal strain of coronavirus named as SARS-CoV-2 (Disease: COVID-19) appeared in Wuhan, China in December of 2019. Due to its fast growing human to human transmission and confirmed cases in nearly every country, it has been declared as pandemic by World Health Organisation (WHO) on 11 March 2020. Till now, there is no therapy such as vaccines and specific therapeutic agents available globally. Inspite of this, some protease inhibitors and antiviral agents namely lopinavir, ritonavir, remdisivir and chloroquine are under investigation and also implemented in several countries as therapeutic agents for the treatment of COVID-19. Seeing the health crisis across the world, it was our aim to find out a suitable drug candidate which could target SARS-CoV-2. For this purpose, molecular docking of 7 proteinsof SARS-CoV-2 was done with 18active constituents that have previously been reported to be antiviral or anti-SARS-CoV agents. The docking results of these 18 compounds were compared with 2 FDA approved drugs that have are currently being used in COVID 19, namely Remdesivir and Chloroquine. Our result revealed that among all, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a major constituent of green tea, is the lead compound that could fit well into the binding sites of docked proteins of SARS-CoV-2. EGCG showed very strong molecular interactions with binding energies -9.30, -8.66, -8.38, -7.57, -7.26, -6.99 and -4.90 kcal/mole for6y2e, 6vw1, 6vww, 6lxt,6vsb, 6lu7 and 6lvnproteins of SARS-CoV-2, respectively.Therefore, EGCG as per our results, should be explored as a drug candidate for the treatment of COVID-19.
Perspectives on Healthy Aging in Middle Age: a qualitative study
Authors: solhi Mahnaz , pirouzeh Razieh , Zanjari Nasibeh
Published: March 2020

Background: How to deal with the phenomenon of population aging is influenced by the way we on aging. Understanding how middle-aged people perceive healthy aging and what they need to do to stay healthy as they age can help public policy planning to enhance the lifestyles of middle-aged and elderly people. The purpose of this study was to clarify the concept of healthy aging and look at strategies to achieve it from the perspective of middle aged people in Tehran. Methods: This study was conducted on 21 Iranian middle-aged people aged 45-59 years old with a qualitative approach and content analysis method. Sampling was carried out gradually until data saturation through purposive sampling was achieved. Results: From the perspective of the participants, healthy aging is being physically healthy, having good mental health, financial welfare, and social support. From the perspective the subjects studied, financial planning for the future, promoting physical health, promoting psychological health, and maintaining and improving relationships are strategies needed to achieve healthy aging. Discussion: From the point of view of middle-aged people in the studied population healthy aging is affected by the economic status and the role of financial factors on health is specifically emphasized. The effort put in by middle-aged people to prepare for physical, mental, social, spiritual, and financial aspects in life can lead to a better experience when aging. In addition to personal preparation of middle-aged people for their future, given the importance of the financial aspect in Iranian society, support of the public sector is important to create a suitable environment for the aging population. Keywords: Health, Aging, Middle-Aged, Strategy
Caspofungin and LTX-315 inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication by targeting the nsp12 polymerase
Authors: Wang Min , Ye Fei , Su Jiaqi , Zhao Jingru , Yuan Bin , Huang Baoying , Peng Qi , Peng Ruchao , Sun Yan , Bai Suran , Wang Xixi , Yang Wei , Fan Zheng , Wang Wenling , Wu Guizhen , Gao George F , Tan Wenjie , Shi Yi
Published: March 2020

The ongoing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, previously designated as 2019-nCoV) outbreak has caused global concern1. Currently, there are no clinically approved specific drugs or vaccines available for this virus. The viral polymerase is a promising target for developing broad- spectrum antiviral drugs. Here, based on the highly similar structure of SARS- CoV non-structural protein 12 (nsp12) polymerase subunit2, we applied virtual screen for the available compounds, including both the FDA-approved and under- clinic drugs, to identify potential antiviral molecules against SARS-CoV-2. We found two drugs, the clinically approved anti-fungi drug Caspofungin Acetate (Cancidas) and the oncolytic peptide LTX-315, can bind SARS-CoV-2 nsp12 protein to block the polymerase activity in vitro. Further live virus assay revealed that both Caspofungin Acetate and LTX-315 can effectively inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication in vero cells. These findings present promising drug candidates for treatment of related diseases and would also stimulate the development of pan- coronavirus antiviral agents.Authors Min Wang, Fei Ye, Jiaqi Su, Jingru Zhao, and Bin Yuan contributed equally to this work.
Production Costs and Profitability for Selected Greenhouse Grown Annual and Perennial Crops: Partial Enterprise Budgeting and Sensitivity Analysis
Authors: Wei Xuan , Khachatryan Hayk , Rihn Alicia
Published: March 2020

In recent years, growers in the ornamental horticulture industry have experienced declining revenue and shrinking profit margins due to increased consumer spending captured by wholesale stores bypass, price competition at the retail level, as well as relatively low consumer demand. Maintaining cost-effective production practices is critical for nursery and greenhouse growers to stay profitable. However, a recent trend to impose more restrictive labeling polices on pesticide use (i.e., disclosing the use of neonicotinoids) may impact growers’ already tightening production costs. A better understanding of the cost structure and production decision-making can provide insights for profitable operation. Using a partial enterprise budgeting approach, this research aims to evaluate production costs and profitability for 20 individual greenhouse annual and perennial crop production systems. Three primary economic performance indicators (net income, gross margin, and profit margin) were calculated and a sensitivity analysis was conducted to account for potential risks in production. Our results suggest that production costs vary significantly among different crops, thus implying that producers may have different profitability levels depending on the combination of crops grown. Our partial enterprise budgeting estimates serve as a reference point and can assist producers with reducing costs in specific areas, and aids in selecting and adjusting crop combinations to maximize potential profits. Sensitivity analysis scenarios provide insights to producers for evaluation of their entire operations and aid in making decisions on adopting alternative practices.
Locally quasi-stationary states in noninteracting spin chains
Authors: Fagotti Maurizio
Published: March 2020

Locally quasi-stationary states (LQSS) were introduced as inhomogeneous generalisations of stationary states in integrable systems. Roughly speaking, LQSSs look like stationary states, but only locally.
Despite their key role in hydrodynamic descriptions, an unambiguous definition of LQSSs was not given. By solving the dynamics in inhomogeneous noninteracting spin chains, we identify the set of LQSSs as a subspace that is invariant under time evolution, and we explicitly construct the latter in a generalised XY model. As a by-product, we exhibit an exact generalised hydrodynamic theory (including ``quantum corrections'').
AS CONCEPÇÕES EMBASADORAS DA FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA NOS ANOS FINAIS DA REDE PÚBLICA DE ENSINO DO DISTRITO FEDERAL
Authors: Nascimento Thiago Gonçalves Ferreira do
Published: March 2020

o presente artigo tem como objetivo identificar quais as concepções epistemológicas, assim como as visões de homem, mundo, educação e sociedade que embasam a formação continuada nos anos finais da rede pública de ensino do Distrito Federal. Para tanto, debate os principais conceitos que têm embasado os projetos de formação docente ao longo dos anos, como, por exemplo, o referencial do professor pesquisador/reflexivo, o desenvolvimento profissional docente, a epistemologia da prática e a epistemologia da práxis, e analisa as concepções presentes nos documentos oficiais que embasam a formação continuada na etapa dos anos finais, em especial, as Diretrizes Pedagógicas para a Organização Escolar do 3º Ciclo para as Aprendizagens e as recém lançadas Diretrizes de Formação Continuada da Secretaria de Estado de Educação do Distrito Federal. Para realizar o debate, utiliza como referencial teórico os construtos de Santos (2010), Alvarado-Prada, Freitas e Freitas (2010), Alferes e Mainardes (2011), Curado Silva (2008, 2011 e 2018), entre outros.
Food Fortification as a Preventive Factor of Micronutrient Deficiency
Authors: Mayurnikova Larisa , Koksharov Arkadiy , Krapiva Tatyana , Novoselov Sergey
Published: March 2020

Introduction. The problem of micronutrient deficiency remains a relevant issue all over the world. However, it is mostly developed countries that practice food fortification. The FAO and the WHO accumulate related experience and summarize it in various documents. Yet some aspects of the problem can be solved on state level. The present research featured micronutrient deficit and preventive measures in several countries taking into account local food traditions. Since 1920, a number of industrially developed northern countries have started developing and implementing various food fortification programs. Similar programs are being introduced in East, Central, and South Africa and Southeast Asia. For 40 years, Russia has been taking various measures to prevent micronutrient deficiency and related diseases.

Results and discussion. The research revealed the social and economic measures of food fortification that were found lacking in these countries. The main problem proved to be iodine, iron, and vitamin A deficiency. However, lack of other micronutrients also remains a burning issue. The present paper gives an overview of iodine, selenium, and iron deficiencies in several countries. The authors proposed several solutions, e.g. food group selection, food additives (mono or premix), various ways of fortification, etc. The article also contains a list of main Russian regulatory documents that control the production and turnover of food fortification. The authors showed advantages of food fortification of mass consumption products, e.g. the low cost of processing, the affordability of enriched products, their availability for different social population, the well-developed regulation standards, the good social effect of food fortification projects, their economic efficiency, etc. Taking into consideration the environmental changes and various geopolitical and economic factors that negatively affect nutrition and population health, the authors recommend to continue evidence-based research in this direction to develop new technologies and food supplements.

Conclusion. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that it reveals priority areas for prospective scientific research in food fortification based on a thorough analysis of the existing experience. From the point of view of practical application, the research offers a deeper understanding of the problem, stresses its relevance, sets goals and objectives of future studies, and offers some ideas for preventive programs.
Identification of Marine Fish Taxa by Linear Discriminant Analysis of Reflection Spectra in the Near-Infrared Region
Authors: Novikov Vitaly , Baryshnikov Andrey , Rysakova Kira , Shumskaya Nadezhda , Uzbekova Olga
Published: March 2020

Introduction. Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is a modern instrumental method for the quantitative and qualitative analysis of various objects. The method for analyzing the NIR spectra of diffuse reflection was successfully used to identify plant and animal species, drugs, etc. The issue of identifying objects of marine fishery is currently extremely important for modern fisheries, environmental monitoring, and identifying counterfeit products. The research objective was to identify the fish taxa using the discriminant analysis of reflection in the NIR region. Study objects and methods. The research featured 25 dried and defatted muscle tissue samples taken from different species of marine fish caught in the North Fishing Basin. The spectra were measured using a Fourier IR-spectrophotometer Shimadzu IRTracer-100 with a diffuse reflection measuring instrument. Measurements were carried out in the range from 700 to 7,000 cm–1. Mathematical processing of the spectra was performed using the MagicPlot Pro program ver. 2.9 (Magicplot Systems, LLC), while the statistical program IBM SPSS Statistics ver. 25 (IBM Corp., USA) was exploited to perform the linear discriminant analysis. Results and discussion. The spectra of diffuse reflection of NIR radiation were measured for 25 samples of marine fish species of different taxa caught in the North Fishing Basin. The range of 3,700 to 6,700 cm–1 was selected to assess the proximity of spectra in linear discriminant analysis. In this range, the team identified 19 spectral peaks, which made a significant contribution to canonical discriminatory functions. The resulting canonical discriminatory functions made it possible to divide the objects into eight nonoverlapping groups corresponding to each biological group of the fish. The analysis was based on a comparison of Mahalanobis distance between the group centroids and the NIR spectra of each studied fish species. The minimum Mahalanobis distance between the nearest groups was statistically significant. Conclusion. The research proved the possibility of taxonomic identification of marine fish based on measuring the spectral characteristics of their muscle tissue proteins in the range of 3,700 to 6,700 cm–1 of near-infrared region and classification by linear discriminant analysis.
Development of a Software Product for the Automation of Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points in Food Production
Authors: Trofimova Natalya , Ermolaeva Evgenia , Trofimov Ivan
Published: March 2020

Introduction. The introduction of modern management methods in food enterprises is a response to the challenges of time and an institutionalized requirement. Statistical methods and information technologies can improve control in food safety management systems. Their combination provides maximum opportunities for leading food industry organizations. Study objects and methods. The research featured the market of ready-made high-tech solutions in process automation and existing management systems, including those based on the principles of Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP). The study revealed a need for a software product for HACCP in food production. Results and discussion. The paper describes a case of a meat processing plant and how the management controls the HACCP. The authors developed a universal software product that allows operators to enter information about violations and downtimes into the system. Using this product, team leaders and department heads can easily identify and eliminate the causes of hazards while controlling technological processes and receiving timely reports. Conclusion. The software was tested in a production workshop to identify the time specialists need respond to comments and solve problems. The obtained data showed a decrease in loss of time resources by 6.77% for operators and 2.4% for line managers. The highly adaptable program can be used by specialists who work with management systems for food enterprises of Kuzbass. The IBM PC-compatible software product (2.2 MB) makes it possible to work in various Microsoft Windows operating systems and use Microsoft SQL Server 2012 to store data. The computer program was successfully registered with the Federal Service for Intellectual Property (State Registration Certificate No. 2018665743 of 12/10/2018).
The Effect of Acid Composition on the Fermentation Process of Pork Fat
Authors: Gurinovich Galina , Malyutina Kseniya , Seregin Sergey , Patrakova Irina
Published: March 2020

Introduction. Dry fermented meat products are considered to be fine foods. Their quality depends on a combination of various processes. The composition and properties of raw materials, e.g. fat, play a key role in quality formation. The research objective was to study the fermentation process in fourth-category pork obtained from sows, which contains a lot of highly unsaturated fatty acids. The considerable resources that this raw material can provide require improved technologies.

Study objects and methods. The research featured two types of pork. The first group included samples made from fourth-category carcasses, i.e. hip muscle tissue and spine fat, in the ratio of 85:15. The second group included control samples made from secondcategory pork that was obtained from young animals. This type of meat is traditionally used for fermented products. The fermentation process was performed using starter cultures for rapid fermentation of StLb 37.03 M (0.1% by weight of raw materials). The samples were fermented at the activation temperatures of the starter cultures for 48 h. After that, the samples were dried at 50°C with shortterm smoke supply for 1 h. The total time of the production cycle was 14 days. The samples were monitored for water activity, pH, weight loss, chemical composition, amount of free fatty acids, secondary and primary oxidation products, color characteristics, and sensory properties during all stages of the process.

Results and discussion. The content of unsaturated fatty acids was 65.39% of the total amount of fatty acids in the fourth-category pork obtained from sows. In the second-category pork obtained from young animals, it was 59.1%. Water activity, pH, and moistureprotein ratio were within the control criteria for shelf stable products. The analysis of thiobarbituric values and free fatty acids indicated a deeper degradation of the fat part, but their values were comparable to those of the control group. The sensory properties of fourth-category fermented pork were highly evaluated by experts.

Conclusion. The obtained data proved the possibility of using fourth-category raw materials in the technology of fermented delicatessen products.
Extract and Powder of Epilobium Angustifolium in Bakery Products
Authors: Nevskaya Ekaterina , Zueva Aleksandra , Belyaev Alexey
Published: March 2020

Introduction. The modern food industry is currently facing the problem of the appropriate use of inexpensive and affordable domestic plant materials as an important source of vital substances. They can be used in formulations and production technologies of fortified functional foods. The present research featured the development and assessment of the quality of wheat bread fortified with willow weed (Epilobium Angustifolium).

Study objects and methods. Samples of wheat bread were prepared from wheat baking flour of the highest grade. The extract and powder were prepared from crushed grass of Epilobium Angustifolium. The sensory and physico-chemical quality indicators of wheat bread samples were determined by conventional methods. The Harrington desirability function was used to improve the sensory properties of the wheat bread samples.

Results and discussion. The interval ranges of values of the generalized desirability function were used to establish the values of this function for all samples of wheat bread fortified with Epilobium Angustifolium. The values proved to be in the range marked as “good”: D = 0.6927–0.6908. The powder of Epilobium Angustifolium increased the content of potassium in 100 g of bread by 5–12%, calcium – by 12–30%, magnesium – by 3–7%, and phosphorus – by 2–6%. When the extract was applied, the content of potassium and calcium increased by 7% and 13%, respectfully, while the content of magnesium and phosphorus increased by 4%.

Conclusion. The extract of Epilobium Angustifolium fortified the samples of wheat bread with important mineral elements and increased their nutritional value. The physico-chemical indicators of the test samples did not deteriorate. The optimal dose of Epilobium Angustifolium powder was 3% vs. total flour mass. The sample of wheat bread with 3% of willow weed powder demonstrated good quality indicators, and its physico-chemical indicators met the requirements of the standard. The nutritional value of wheat bread samples fortified with Epilobium Angustifolium powder increased due to the larger content of phosphorus, magnesium, calcium, and potassium.
Molecular Self-Organization of Three-Component Lipid Membranes
Authors: Osby Austin
Published: March 2020

By constructing a Landau-like energy functional, we investigate the molecular organization of a three-component mixture in cell membranes. In the strongly interacting limit, we model the interaction between molecules using pseudospin variables and convert them into non-interacting variables using a mean-field theory. Next, we construct the two-order parameter Landau-type energy functional through the Helmholtz free energy. By analyzing the Landau free energy, we map out the phase diagram focusing on homogeneous and various phase separated states on the cell membrane.
Powikłania terapii hormonalnej (ADT – androgen deprivation therapy) a układ ruchu u pacjentów z rakiem prostaty
Authors: Korczak Jolanta
Published: March 2020

Deprywacja androgenów (ADT-Androgen Deprivation Therapy) stanowi podstawę leczenia zaawansowanego raka gruczołu krokowego. Korzystny wpływ ADT na wyniki leczenia jest znany. W praktyce klinicznej obserwuje się również szereg powikłań związanych ze stosowaniem ADT, z których te związane z układem ruchu przebiegają stosunkowo dynamicznie i szybko pogarszają jakość życia pacjenta oraz jego codzienną aktywność. Aby im zapobiec lub zmniejszyć dynamikę ich rozwoju wskazana jest suplementacja witaminą D, wapnia, a przede wszystkim regularnie wykonywanie ćwiczeń fizycznych i modyfikacja sposobu żywienia. W pracy przedstawiono wpływ ADT na układ kostny i mięśniowy, metody jego oceny i zasady profilaktyki.
Comparison of sewage sludge treatment systems for regions with hot climate
Authors: Nacheva Petia Mijaylova , Moeller-Chávez G. , Ramírez-Camperos E. , Cardoso-Vigueros L.
Published: March 2020

The tropical regions have specific problems associated with high pathogenic density in the sewage sludge. The aim of this study was to select an adequate sludge stabilization and valorization system comparing the performance of four technologies: anaerobic stabilization without heating, aerobic stabilization, alkaline treatment with lime and aerobic composting. The study was performed in a pilot plant which was built and operated during six months. The main problem for the beneficial use of the sludge was its pathogenicity. All the systems allowed obtaining stabilized products which met the bacteriological criteria for some kind of use. The compost and the alkalinized sludge were bacteriologically safe for use without restrictions in accordance with the Mexican regulations. The accomplishment of the parasitological criteria for use was however impossible with the anaerobic and with the aerobic systems. The compost obtained at 55-60°C with 25d aeration time and the alkaline sludge fulfill the criteria established by for forest and agriculture use and for soil conditioning. The composting could reach the requirements for unrestricted use when operated at temperatures 65-70°C during 45 days which makes it the most adequate sludge treatment system for hot climate regions.
Infiltration in Sewer Systems: Multi-Criteria Comparison of Investment / Rehabilitation Strategies
Authors: Bertrand-Krajewski J.-L. , Barraud S. , Le Gauffre P. , Baer E.
Published: March 2020

Within the FP5 European APUSS project (Assessing infiltration and exfiltration on the Performance of Urban Sewer Systems), a methodology has been proposed to account for environmental, technical and economic impacts of infiltration or exfiltration on sewer systems, treatment plants and receiving waters, and to evaluate the consequences of possible investment / rehabilitation strategies. The multi-criteria method Electre III is used to compare and to rank the various strategies, as this method has a high potential adaptability to diverse contexts and objectives. An example of application of the proposed methodology is given for a 245 ha residential catchment equipped with a combined sewer system, including scenarios with different infiltration rates. It shows that the methodology is applicable, but also that validated and site specific information (data, measurements, calibrated models, etc.) is necessary in order to carry out a valuable analysis. Results shall be reviewed carefully and the final decision making process should take into account the context of the study. There is no unique best investment strategy, but several options may be considered depending on priorities and criteria of the sewer operator. The methodology is general, but results of the case study are site specific and cannot be extrapolated.
A Decision Support Tool for Wastewater Catchment Management
Authors: Walters S.E. , Savic D. , Hocking R.J.
Published: March 2020

The water industry over the years has primarily focussed on upgrading and investing in clean water provision. However, as research into the science and management of clean water services has progressed rapidly, wastewater provision and services has been slower. Focus, though, is now shifting within Industry and Research into wastewater services. The water regulator, Ofwat, for England and Wales demands the Sewerage Undertakers demonstrate efficient management of wastewater systems in order to obtain funding for Capital Investment projects. South West Water, a Water Service Provider and Sewerage Undertaker located in the South West of England, identified a need gap in their asset management strategies for wastewater catchments. This paper will introduce the production of a Decision Support Tool, DST, to help SWW proactively manage their Wastewater Catchments, examining Sewage Treatment Works, Pumping Stations and Networks. The paper will discuss some concepts within the DST, its production, testing and a brief case study. The DST provides a framework for prioritising catchments to optimise investment choices and actions. The Tool ranks catchments utilising Compromise Programming, CP, as well as AHP Pair-wise comparisons for preference weights. The DST incorporates Asset models, a Whole life Costing Module, as well as a Decay and Intervention Module.
Predicting the hydraulic and life-cycle cost performance of rainwater harvesting systems using a computer based modelling tool
Authors: Roebuck R.M , Ashley R.M.
Published: March 2020

Rainwater harvesting systems are a recognised technique for reducing reliance on potable mains supply and as a potential way to save money. However, the widespread uptake of these systems has been slow partly due to the level of uncertainty surrounding hydraulic and financial performance. Current methods of assessment tend to be simplistic, using generalised rather than site-specific data. Often little account is taken of financial issues other than capital costs, such as operating/maintenance and decommissioning expenses.

To overcome these shortcomings, a computer based modelling tool called RainCycle© was developed that has the capability to perform more detailed analysis than is possible with existing methods. The program includes a detailed hydraulic model of a typical rainwater harvesting system and also has the ability to explicitly account for all major costs associated with these systems.

Modelling a number of proposed designs revealed that many of the current methods overestimate the hydraulic efficiency and potential cost savings that are achievable. However, it was found that water and monetary savings are still possible under favourable conditions. Further, it was found that capital, maintenance and required mains top-up water account for the majority of the whole life costs, whilst energy and decommissioning costs represent a small fraction of the required lifetime expenditure.