bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perception of medical students’ about problem-based learning at Jouf University
Authors: Altaf Bandy  , Admin
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate students’ perceptions of problem-based learning tutorial sessions.

Methods: This cross-sectional study, conducted from March 2019 to May 2019, surveyed clinical phase students at Jouf Universities’ College of Medicine. After obtaining ethical approval and informed consent, an electronic questionnaire was used to collect students’ perceptions of PBL sessions, tutors’ session facilitation, and tutors’ student evaluation fairness. A five-point Likert scale was used for data collection, presenting agree, disagree, and neutral response percentages.

Results: With a viewership rate of 89.3% (59/66), 56 students consented to participate (participation rate of 84.8%). However, only 51 (77.27%) students completed the electronic questionnaire: 23 (45%) males and 28 (55%) females. The agreement mean perception score was 4.73± 2.13 regarding various statements characterizing PBL sessions. The majority (72.5%) of student’s perceived PBL sessions as interactive. However, 66.7% noticed content repetition within PBL, and lectures. In general, lesser mean score of agreement of 1.33±1.07 was observed on tutors’ facilitation of PBL sessions and their students’ evaluations.

Conclusion: Students’ perceived PBL as effective interaction sessions, but did not positively perceive tutors’ evaluations of sessions and this remains a concern. The study offers potential solutions to avoid dysfunctional hybrid PBL educational strategy including limiting the number and content of the lectures, effective academic advising and systematic evaluation of PBL gained skills to ensure the desired competencies persist.

Keywords: Problem-based learning; Interactive sessions; Collaborative learning, Tutor feedback; Self-directed learning
Effect of carbamazepine on emotional intelligence and mindfulness in patients with partial epilepsy
Authors: Amara Gul  , Saima Mehreen  , Admin
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Objective: To assess the effectiveness of carbamazepine on emotional intelligence and mindfulness in patients with epilepsy.
Method: The repeated-measure case-control study was conducted at the Nishter Hospital, Multan, Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Bahawalpur, and Civil Hospital, Bahawalpur, Pakistan, from April 2017 to March 2018, and comprised patients with partial epilepsy and healthy controls. Baseline data was collected using BarOn Emotional Quotient Inventory and Cognitive and Affective Mindfulness Scale-Revised. Subsequent data was collected twice in titration and maintenance phases during carbamazepine therapy for patients, while the controls were on no medication. . Data was analysed using SPSS 20.
Results: Of the 80 subjects, 40(50%) were cases with a mean age of 37.92±9.09 years, and 40(50%) were controls with a mean age of 37.80±9.00 years. The patients had significantly lower emotional intelligence and mindfulness compared to the controls (p<0.001). Patients showed improved emotional intelligence and mindfulness after the therapy compared to their baseline scores (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Carbamazepine was found to be effective in improving emotional intelligence and mindfulness in patients with epilepsy.
Key Words: Epilepsy, Carbamazepine, Mindfulness, Cognition, Continuous...
Association of FSHR gene polymorphisms with endometriosis in women visiting tertiary-care hospitals of Lahore, Pakistan
Authors: Irfana Liaqat  , Najiya al Arifa  , Saba Asif  , Khalid Parvaiz Lone  , Admin
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Objectives: The study was aimed to explore the association of endometriosis risk factors with single nucleotide polymorphisms rs6166 and rs6165 (Asn680Ser and Ala307Thr) of follicle stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) gene in Pakistani women.
Methods: This study was conducted from 2013 to 2016. The sampling and extraction of DNA was done in Department of Zoology GC University Lahore while the sequencing was performed at Yale University USA. This case control study consists of 364 subjects including 156 women diagnosed with endometriosis and 208 randomly recruited controls. Subjects diagnosed at stage II-IV endometriosis with infertility were pooled for study. The women with adenomyosis, ovarian cancer and leiomyoma were excluded. The whole blood leukocytes were used for DNA extraction. Two important polymorphisms of exon 10 of FSHR gene were analyzed by direct DNA sequencing both in endometriosis and controls.
Results: SNP rs6166 in the affected endometriosis subjects exhibited high incidence of allele “A” (Asn/Asn) 68.3% as compared to controls 33.7% (OR= 4.240; P =0.001). Similarly, the allele “A” of SNP rs6165 (Thr/Thr) was more frequent in endometriosis 67.3% than in control subjects 37.5% (OR =3.430, P =0.001). The occurrence of haplotype AA (Asn/Thr) was 45.5% in endometriosis and 11 % in control subjects (P= 0.001).  Remarkably, the incidence of haplotype GG (Ser/Ala) was contrary to previous observations, since only 9.9% occurred in endometriosis as opposed to 45.2% in controls (P= 0.001).
Continuous...
A EXPLORAÇÃO DAS MÁXIMAS CONVERSACIONAIS E O TÓPICO DISCURSIVO EM COMENTÁRIOS DO PERFIL @LAERTEGENIAL DO INSTAGRAM
Authors: Azevedo dos santos Silva Jucélia , Pereira Lins Maria da Penha
Published: January 2021

Com o advento das novas tecnologias digitais, surgiram também muitas mídias sociais, nas quais seus participantes estão sempre em interação. Com isso, o processo comunicativo acontece de forma diferente do que estávamos habituados, visto que as produções textuais em rede são construídas de forma dinâmica, multimodal e imediata. Esse contexto digital exige dos estudiosos da linguagem um novo olhar sobre o texto, pois a perspectiva de análise textual agora é diferente da até então adotada pela Linguística Textual, em que o texto se apresentava em ordem linear. No espaço virtual, as informações do texto podem se apresentar em ordens variadas. Assim, há também vários modos de interação. Pensando nesse processo interacional e nessa nova perspectiva de texto, este artigo propõe uma interface entre Linguística Textual e Pragmática, buscando um diálogo entre a teoria das implicaturas e a noção de topicalidade. Para tanto, analisamos comentários do perfil do Instagram @laertegenial e observamos de que forma as violações das máximas conversacionais griceneanas aconteceram e como isso afetou o tópico discursivo da interação. Notamos que muitas dessas violações resultaram em ampliação ou desvio do tópico, entretanto isso não comprometeu, necessariamente, a coerência textual. Este trabalho está embasado na Teoria das Implicaturas de Grice (1982); e na noção de topicalidade segundo Fávero (2010), Jubran (2015), Lins (2008) e Koch (1999).

Palavras-chave: Pragmática. Implicatura. Tópico discursivo. Instagram.
RELEVÂNCIA E MOTIVAÇÃO: PROPRIEDADES INERENTES DA AQUISIÇÃO DE L2
Authors: Ferreira Marina Xavier
Published: January 2021

Muitas pesquisas têm surgido na Pragmática social e cognitiva, e os estudos linguísticos tomaram um novo caminho. Esta nova perspectiva também aparece nos estudos de aquisição de línguas adicionais, com novas concepções de aprendizagem e elementos importantes para a aquisição de uma língua. Dentre eles está a motivação, que acreditamos ser um elemento crucial para a aquisição de línguas, bem como a relevância, propriedade cognitiva proposta por Sperber e Wilson (1986), que determina o processamento cognitivo em níveis de efeito e esforço. Nosso objetivo é identificar a relação entre as propriedades cognitivas relevância e motivação e determinar como essa relação influencia no processo de aquisição de segundas línguas. Para tanto, utilizamos como aporte teórico para esta pesquisa principalmente os estudos de Sperber e Wilson (2001,2005), Ryan e Deci (2000), Schwartz (2014), Tapia (2005, 2015), Kreitler (2013), entre outros. Pudemos perceber que a motivação e a relevância são propriedades cognitivas muito importantes para a aquisição de L2, que são elementos correspondentes e dependentes dos mesmos fatores cognitivos e sociais. No entanto, após relacionarmos as duas propriedades, inferimos que a relevância se sobrepõe à motivação, o que nos leva a supor que a motivação poderia ser um componente da relevância.
QUESTÕES SOBRE LINGUAGEM E COGNIÇÃO: ALGUMAS PERGUNTAS PARA DAN SPERBER
Authors: Sperber Dan , Godoy Elena
Published: January 2021

Entrevista com Dan Sperber supervisionada por Elena Godoy
Evaluation on Land Forms and Spatial Names of Water Resources in the Compilation Dictionary
Authors:   Doç. Dr., Fırat University, Department of Contemporary Turkish Dialects and Literatures, Elazığ, Turkey (skyalcin23@gmail.com) ORCID: 0000 0002 3908 9204, Yalçın S. K. , Çeçen E. ,   Graduate Student, Fırat University, Department of Contemporary Turkish Dialects and Literatures, Elazığ, Turkey (ececen23@gmail.com) ORCID: 0000 0003 3653 8913
Published: January 2021

Language is a very large structure that enables people to agree among themselves, responds to the needs of people and reflects their race, history, culture, geography and way of life. The science that studies this great structure is linguistics. Linguistics is a wide field that explores the general and special features of the language, addresses the problems of the language, examines the commonalities and differences between languages, divides into different branches and is in contact with many branches of science and disciplines. One of the most important sub-branches of linguistics is the science of place names. The science of place names has become one of the most studied branches of name science, as it sheds light on the past of Turkish history and geography and examines language with many branches of science. Because, as the place names are examined, information about a society's language, ethnic history, culture, political history, geography, thought and way of life is obtained. It is seen that the concept of place names mostly covers special names given to a particular place in studies; however, in this study, the public naming given to any place in the Compilation Dictionary and not considered in the special name category is included. The determined landforms and the place names related to water have been classified in themselves by evaluating many semantic aspects.
Image of a Chinese Muslim in Late Ottoman Press
Authors:   Doctor of Philosophy, Associate Professor, Alisher Navoi Tashkent State University of the Uzbek Language and Literature, Tashkent, Uzbekistan (abdirashidov@gmail.com) ORCID: 0000-0002-6869-4315, Abdirashidov Z.Sh.
Published: January 2021

At the end of the XIX century, the Muslim world, which fell into deep political and intellectual stagnation, was looking for ways out of this situation and raising the scientific potential of the Muslim community. The political crisis in the internal and external affairs of the most powerful Muslim state – Turkey, led in 1908 to the 2nd Constitutional Revolution. During this period that a press arose in Istanbul aimed at agitating or promoting the unity of Muslims under the rule of the Ottoman Sultan. The Turkish press, in order to fulfill the tasks assigned to it, first of all began to familiarize the Ottoman public with the life, political and social situation of Muslims living mainly in the southeastern territories of Asia. This article provides a preliminary analysis of the materials of the Turkish press, in particular, the magazines Ṣırāṭ-ı Müstaqīm, Ta‘āruf-i Müslimīn and Ḥikmet about Chinese Muslims, as well as made an attempt to identify the main ideological aspects of Ottoman society, their attitude to the socio-political situation of Chinese Muslims.
On the Origins of the Doctrine of Morality
Authors:   Candidate of Philological Sciences, Senior Researcher of the Research and Training Center “Abai Studies”, М.Auezov South Kazakhstan University, Shymkent, Kazakhstan (maksat.alipkhan.63@mail.ru) ORCID: 0000-0003-1002-894X, Alipkhan M.
Published: January 2021

Morality is the noblest and most basic topic that the human mind deals with. It is from Aristotle that the systematic study of the doctrine of morality begins. In his opinion, the basis of morality is virtue. And virtue originates from the mind and heart and is divided into intellectual and ethical. The contribution of Plotinus, who lived in the third century AD, to the study of morality is very great. In his understanding, plurality is imperfection, and unity is the most perfect maturity called truth. The essence of man and his moral formation are deeply investigated in the enneias of Plotinus. According to al-Farabi, a person is improving in accordance with his essence and is distinguished by the constancy of perfection. And moral perfection will lead to happiness. Morality is a virtue that is formed at the level of the soul. Ibn Sina connects moral properties and qualities with the state of mind of a person. The article examines the origins of the doctrine of morality, which originates from Aristotle and continues to the present day. A person’s life goes through various benefits, that is, using different benefits. Morality is the highest property and good that a person strives for. Plotinus, al-Farabi, ibn Sina considered morality as a health of the soul and a good state of mind. It is concluded that the path to it is only through virtue.
A kínai Övezet és Út kezdeményezés – mítosz és valóság
Authors: Baranyi Tamás Péter , Goreczky Péter , Salát Gergely
Published: January 2021

Az „övezet és út kezdeményezés” (Belt and Road Initiative, BRI) a nemzetközi politika egyik kulcsfogalma lett az elmúlt években, fogalmát mégis mítoszok, túlzott elvárások és ésszerűtlen kritikák veszik körül. Jelen írás arra tesz kísérletet, hogy belpolitikai, külpolitikai és külgazdasági szempontból elemezze a kezdeményezést, annak hátterét és eredményeit. Elemzésünk szerint a BRI alapvetően kínai belpolitikai és gazdasági dinamikára adott válasz, illetve a nemzetközi térben is elsősorban külgazdasági relevanciát hordoz. A BRI-hoz társul külpolitikai háttér is, azonban ez mindig másodlagos marad a külgazdasági célokhoz képest. A nemzetközi diskurzusban éppen a BRI nem egyértelmű meghatározása és a projektek heterogenitása miatt szélsőséges interpretációk alakultak ki, melyek általában nem fedik a teljes valóságot. Tanulmányunk célja e szélsőséges interpretációknál tényszerűbb megközelítés előnyeinek bemutatása.
Comparación del efecto antihelmintico de dos productos comerciales y la harina de follaje de cocuite en ovinos pelibuey
Authors: Purroy Vásquez Rubén , Silva Martínez Karla Lissette , Arrieta González Armando , Ortega Vargas Eloisa
Published: January 2021

El objetivo de esta investigación fue comparar el efecto antihelmíntico de dos productos comerciales y la harina de follaje (hojas y ramas tiernas) de cocuite (G. sepium) incorporada a bloques multinutricionales, en el control de parásitos gastrointestinales en ovinos Pelibuey (Ovis aries L.), con base en la cantidad de huevecillos por gramo de heces (HPG), el Test de Reducción de Recuento de Huevos, determinación de género de helmintos presentes en las muestras (TRRH), consumo de bloques multinutricionales (BM), conteo de hematocritos (HCT) y FAMACHA® valoración de palidez en conjuntiva ocular. Se manejó la hipótesis que dado el contenido de compuestos secundarios presentes en la harina de follaje (hojas y ramas tiernas) de cocuite (G. sepium), es posible que con la ingesta por parte de ovinos se controlen helmintos gastrointestinles. El diseño experimental fue completamente al azar con mediciones repetidas, comparando 4 tratamientos y 6 repeticiones por tratamiento. Los datos fueron analizados usando un análisis de varianza y el procedimiento GLM del programa estadístico Statistica, versión 12.0. En el recuento de HPG se observó diferencias significativas (p = 0.01) durante el periodo experimental. Los tratamientos en los que se utilizaron productos comerciales (T1 y T2) mostraron una eficacia TRH del 33.3% y 96.2% respectivamente. El tratamiento T3 (follaje de G. sepium) mostró una eficacia de (64.8%) en la TRH en la segunda semana después del tratamiento. En la determinación de los valores de hematocritos HCT se observó diferencias significativas (p = 0.01) entre los tratamientos (T0, T1, T2 y T3) hasta el día 14 de muestreo con valores de 13.17±0.41; 15.50±1.05; 31.00±1.90 y 22.50±1.64 respectivamente. Se concluye, que la incorporación de la harina de G. sepium en la dieta de ovinos coadyuva en la reducción de la carga de helmintos gastrointestinales, debido a su  contenido de metabolitos secundarios y al mejorar el estado nutricional por su contenido de proteína.
Control in vitro de Mocis latipes presente en pastizales de Tantoyuca, Veracruz
Authors: Hernández Hernández Mayreli , González Cárdenas Julio César , Arrieta González Armando , Silva Martínez Karla Lissette , Del Ángel Piña Oscar
Published: January 2021

Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar en laboratorio el potencial biocontrolador de Metarhizium anisopliae sobre Mocis latipes presente en pastos ganaderos del Municipio de Tantoyuca, Veracruz. La investigación se desarrolló en el año 2019; los microorganismos nativos se obtuvieron de 48 muestras compuestas de suelo, tomadas dentro de las unidades de producción ganaderas sin perturbación o poco transitadas, estas muestras se inocularon gusanos trampa (larvas de Galleria mellonella). Se aislaron tres cepas de Metarhizium anisopliae en medio agar-papa-dextrosa. Cada una de estas se inoculó sobre un grupo de 10 insectos adultos de Mocis latipes. Las pruebas de patogenicidad realizadas mostraron que los aislados nativos del género Metarhizium anisopliae, son promisorios para el control de Mocis latipes, con los que se puede plantear un control efectivo de esta especie a pesar de ser una plaga esporádica y voraz. Es necesario aplicar estas cepas en campo y evaluarlas en otras especies de insectos como mosca pinta (Aeneolamia spp., Prosapia spp.), las cuales son una plaga de importancia económica que afecta las gramineas forrajeras cultivadas en la Huasteca Veracruzana. El hongo Metarhizium anisopliae, el cual habita en diferentes tipos de suelo, podría ser usado para el control de plagas por su potencial como agente biocontrolador. Existen pequeñas poblaciones de este hongo en el suelo por lo que es necesario reproducirlas masivamente.
SURAT ASH-SHURA, AN ANALYTICAL RHETORICAL STUDY
Authors:   Qatar University, AL-NAIMI Dr. Fatma
Published: January 2021

The research deals with the study of Surat al-Shura, an analytical rhetorical study, and the linguistic root of its title indicates its manifestation, presentation, and extraction. In Islam and teaching Muslims to base their lives on this optimal and most complete approach (the method of shura) because of its great impact on the life of the individual and society. It was added in its opening with (Ham) other letters, which are (Asq), and for this reason it is also called (Ham Asak) and is called (Surat Asq) for the purpose of abbreviation, and it was singled out as adding (Asq) to (Ham) because of the severity of the stabbing against the Qur’an. At the time this Surah was revealed, the challenge to them was more severe, so it was more challenging for them than the letters of the spelling. The surah was distinguished by its miraculous rhetorical style, and the abundance of various rhetorical arts in its verse systems. The rhetorical study of this Surah aims to note that the rhetorical arts embrace the ideas and topics presented in a harmonious manner, and how these ideas and themes are manifested through those arts with inspiration, vitality and power of influence, for rhetoric means fulfilling the meaning and abstaining from beauty, that is, the artistic and psychological aesthetic capacity in it, especially since this Surah may She revealed the call during her Meccan era. The research aims to reach an understanding of the aspects of the rhetorical miracles of the Holy Qur’an. The statement of the Qur’anic expression often affects the formula and its derivation. The research relies on the approach of the inductive approach, by following the Qur’anic verses related to this topic in letter and spirit. And the rhetorical analytical method, by analyzing these verses and dividing them according to their content; And the deductive approach, by extracting the rhetoric, meanings, connotations and directions in the noble verses. In the end, I concluded that reaching an understanding of aspects of the rhetorical miracles of the Holy Qur’an can only be achieved through an understanding of the rhetorical method based on deep consideration, feeling and artistic appreciation of the Qur’anic verses.
THE INFLUENCE OF EMOTION ON COGNITIVE PROCESSES IN LEARNING CONTEXT
Authors:   Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, ABBOU Youssef
Published: January 2021

Indeed, probing the learning and acquisition processes, and perfecting its methods in terms of acquiring knowledge, and achieving academic success from within the research in the psychology of intelligence in general, has been the main focus in modern psychology. But aside from this early interest in the relationship of intelligence, in general terms, with cognitive competencies and school learning, has been officially recognized as a field of study during the nineties of the last century of the great impact and influence of emotional factors helped achieve compatibility and played a major role in academic success. Hence, the significance of this work is to highlight the importance of emotional factors and their role in motivating the students and enabling them to be aware of thier mental capabilities and cognitive competencies, emphasizing the need to focus on the positive aspects of thier cognitive processes, and all that is nourished and saturated with pedagogical practices and (didactic) teaching methods. As a result intimidation and frustration are replaced by encouragement, dialogue and flexibility reject repression. Toughness and isolation let the floor for interaction and participation. Positivity becomes one the main goals that we seek to achieve through this work in order to emphasize the importance of student’s motivation, the necessity of educational motivational communication, the attractiveness of the cognitive material in school subjects, as well as giving importance to the student and make him the center of the teaching-learning process so that he becomes self-independent ,free and able to be more creative while thinking. While the general problematic of this research - which takes cognitive psychology as its background, and positive psychology its theoretical model - can be summarized in determining the nature of the relationship between emotiona and learning, and how emotional variables and affects states effect the student’s learning and acquisition process.
VOLUNTARY WORK UNDER OF THE CORONA PANDEMIC IN A NUMBER OF ARAB COUNTRIES (DESCRIPTIVE STUDY)
Authors:   Kirkuk University, JASIM Jasim Hasan , AYOUB Harith Hazem ,   Mosul University
Published: January 2021

Fear is the primary cancer of the immune system. The more fear increases, the less the immunity decreases. Nothing kills the immune system, such as fear. What happens today in the world to exaggerate the public’s fear of Corona virus has negative consequences for public health, in addition to the partial and total prohibition that it takes. Many countries of the world that affect the livelihood of people and their actions, and often reflect negatively on large groups of society in which this pandemic is spreading, and this in turn increases the need of people to get basic and necessary assistance to continue and sustain life, the most important of which is food and water , Most of the governments of the countries were unable to offer everything necessary for their citizens, either in whole or in part, so they resorted to the use of voluntary and internal associations and teams to get immediate and urgent aid or food and work to deliver them to the citizens who desperately need them, and it turns out through this study that many Voluntary organizations, societies, and teams around the world have responded to these appeals, whether humanitarian or interest-based. If this indicates something, it indicates the principle of social solidarity that Islam came up with, reinforced and emphasized. On the other hand, volunteer work was able to restore or extend bridges of trust between different Peoples and between different groups of one people. According to the sociology vision, fear of the unknown or forces Nature is one of the factors that drive meeting and joining together to survive and continue, and this is what happened in the face of the covid-19 virus in terms of interdependence and people helping each other in different countries of the world.
IMPLEMENTATION OF AIR FLIGHT TRAVEL COSTS TO DETERMINE TICKETS FARE: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY FOR AL BORAQ AIR
Authors:   College Of Applied Administrative And Financial Sciences, NAAS Fairouz Abdel Rahim , Al GNBRI Mohamed Kais Adel ,   Libyan academy
Published: January 2021

The study aims to describe how to implement air flight travel costs to determine ticket fare on Al Boraq Air Company. The importance of this study arises from the necessity and novelty of the subject in Libya. By consideration, the increases contribute to the private sector in this industry. Moreover, it will be a contribution that helps the company to make the decisions related to ticket fare in the future. Apply the empirical study when analyzing the data collected from accounting records and questioning the pricing process. The main conclusions are the estimated costs used to determine the ticket fare because the journey does not start yet. Therefore, the contribution profit also estimates. The company uses the percent of the fullness as a basis for distributing the costs and determining the cost average per seat for different types of passengers. The ticket fare depends on the compound costs. Otherwise, the company does not price each implemented trip separately. It determines the price for a specific line trip according to the average cost concerning the same line trip. The ticket fare will be the same for all the implemented line trips during a particular time, without paying any attention to the other factors that affected the ticket fare as the timing of the trip, the timing of the booking, and the weather conditions.
LITERATURE AND CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT IN BEYRUT IN THE 19TH CENTURY
Authors:   Kilis 7 Aralık University, GÖKGÖZ Turgay
Published: January 2021

Throughout history, Beirut has been the habitat of different religions and nations. The people of various nations are made up of Christians and Muslims. Today, it is seen that languages such as Arabic, French and English are among the most spoken languages in Lebanon, where Beirut is located. Looking at Beirut in the 19th century, it was seen that colonial powers such as Britain and France were a conflict area, and at the same time it was one of the centers of Arab nationalism thought against the Ottoman Empire. During the occupation of Mehmet Ali Pasha, missionary schools were allowed to open, as well as cities such as Zahle, Damascus and Aleppo, Jesuit schools were opened in Beirut. With the opening of American Protestant schools, the influence of the relevant schools in the emergence and development of the idea of Arab nationalism is inevitable. Especially in Beirut, it would be appropriate to state that the aim of using languages such as French and English instead of Arabic education in missionary schools is to instill Western culture and to attract students to Christianity. The students of the Syrian Protestant College, who constituted the original of the American University of Beirut, worked against the Ottoman Empire within the society they established and aimed to establish an independent secular Arab state. Beirut comes to the fore especially in areas such as poetry and theater before the “Nahda” movement that started in Egypt during the reign of Kavalalı Mehmet Ali Pasha with Napoleon's invasion of Egypt. The advances that paved the way for the development of modern literature in Beirut before Egypt will find a place in the field of literature later. In this study, it is aimed to present information on literary and cultural activities that took place in Beirut and emphasize the importance of Beirut in modern Arabic literature in the 19th century.
THE ROLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE IN STRENGTHENING THE MENTAL IMAGE OF THE ENTERPRISE - A FIELD STUDY ON A SAMPLE OF CONDOR PRODUCTS USERS IN AFLOU CITY (ALGERIA)
Authors:   Amar Telidji University, GOURINE Khedidja , GOURINE Fatna ,   Center University Aflou
Published: January 2021

Environmental orientation has become prominent and important in the interests of enterprise, where it realized the need to include it in its various activities because of its many positive effects for the enterprise, the consumer and society as a whole. Accordingly, environmental governance has emerged, including a set of rules and regulations that determine how the enterprise is committed to its environment, which increases consumer confidence and improves its mental image. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the role of environmental governance in strengthening the mental image of Condor enterprise in Aflou city (Algeria) and found a statistically significant role for environmental governance (represented in the green marketing mix) of Condor enterprise in Aflou city in strengthening its mental image at the 5% level of significance, and the factor that has the biggest role is the "green product".
INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION JUDICIARY IS A PROTECTIVE GUARANTEE FOR RESOLVING FOREIGN INVESTMENT DISPUTES: ALGERIAN LEGISLATION IS A MODEL
Authors:   Blida2 University, ZELACI Bouchra
Published: January 2021

Longer investment is one of the most important international sources for financing and developing economic activities, and this is why international interest in it has increased, especially kamame countries, including the Arab ones, and Algeria is among these countries that have gone through a series of reforms in light of the sluggish economy, fed up with legal reforms, the most recent of which was Law N°09/16 of 2016 related to investment promotion, and Law n°08/09 of 2008 related to civil and administrative procedures, these laws in which the Algerian legislator has devoted the space for international or international commercial arbitration as an alternative and subversive choice for resolving investment contract disputes, as it is a protective guarantee that the foreign investor can reassure in the state Algerian host of his capital. This is the guarantee that Algeria has made in its international agreements, even if that is at the expense of the national judiciary that has the primary competence to resolve such disputes, and the breach of balance between the interest of the state and the desire of the foreign investor to use it for arbitration.
PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF THE YOUNG SCALE OF INTERNET ADDICTION (IAT) ON A SAMPLE OF TRIPOLI UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
Authors:   Tripoli University, GRIFA Dhiba
Published: January 2021

The increase in the number of people who use the Internet has led to the emergence of the problem of addiction, which made it necessary to provide an objective tool to distinguish between normal use and excessive use. In this regard, the Internet Addiction Scale is one of the most important and well known of these tools. Although the validity and reliability of the scale has been evaluated in many cultures, the Libyan version of the IAT has never been examined for validity and reliability. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the translated Libyan version of the IAT. Participants of this study were 105 university students (78 males and 27 females). Correlation coefficients between the item scores and total test scores ranged from 0.741 to 0.416. All of these values were statistically significant. Exploratory Factor Analysis of the IAT extracted four factors: Time Management, Social Isolation, Passion, and Dependency. Cronbach α, internal consistency coefficient for the first factor was 0.891; second factor was 0.633; third factor was 0.761; fourth factor was 0.871; and for the whole scale was 0.881. Spearman Brown value for the scale was 0.818. Guttmann Split-Half value for the scale was 0.810. Based on these findings, the IAT is a proper instrument that can be used in further research on internet addiction for Libyan university students.
CORONA AND SOCIAL INEQUALITIES IN France (PANDEMIC ANOMIE)
Authors:   Maine University, BENTRAR Djamel
Published: January 2021

Questioning the development and expansion of the Covid-19 virus, we highlight in this contribution the disparity in the treatment of this phenomenon in France as is the case in other Western countries between the working classes and the bourgeois classes. It is for us to focus on the changes brought about by this pandemic which has crossed borders by demonstrating the political limits of each country. Several data can be presented in this direction, particularly with regard to the inequality in the face of death in Western countries between populations often immigrants who do not have access to first aid and unequal treatment according to social and ethnic origin. To understand the roots of this social disparity, it is necessary to review the history of migration in these countries. In the case of France, the constitution of poor neighborhoods is one of the over-determining factors in the spread of the virus. Although not exhaustive, this article offers a pragmatic analysis of this phenomenon by clearly pointing out its historical roots. By attempting to answer the essential question, namely are we dealing with a socioeconomic construction of vulnerability or rather a genetic exposure, we propose the notion of pandemic anomie to describe this social imbalance existing before, during and even after the passage. of this health crisis. In this sense, the statistics and figures put forward in this work clearly explain the extent of this pandemic anomie.
NARRATION TECHNIQUES IN THE STORY OF HAYY BIN YAQZAN BY IBN TUFAIL
Authors:   Baghdad University, KHUDAIR Mohamed Saeb , SALIH Sura Ahmed ,   Osouleldeen university
Published: January 2021

Believing in our Arab heritage that our Arab heritage needs a second reading that shows its creativity and originality, we chose the story of Hayy Bin Yaqzan, which is considered one of the important literary texts in Andalusia, and many scholars considered it a message that others promised to be a story, and for the purpose of proving that it is a message or a story, we chose to apply narration techniques to it And the other thing is to prove that the stories of ancient Arab literature contain all the elements of narration that Western literature has talked about, meaning that our literature and our writers know these techniques, even if they are without theorizing them, as the West did. The research is divided into several axes: Who is Ibn Tufail? - What is the neighborhood of Bin Yaqzan? What is the purpose of the story and the scholars' opinions about it? - The elements of narration in the story of Hayy bin Yaqzan, which we gave a brief discussion of the meaning of narration and its elements in general and its elements in the story of Hayy bin Yaqzan in particular, and we have dealt with the elements of narration from an event, character, time and place in it, dialogue, style, description and conflict. We support what Muhammad Rajab Bayoumi said in his book (Andalusian Literature: Between Influence and Influence, p.137) "The story of Hayy Bin Yaqzan did not take its full share of analysis and clarification." In conclusion, we hope that we have succeeded in presenting a comprehensive summary of our topic, and that it be in the service of our Arabic literature and scholars.
THE REALITY OF PRACTICAL APPLICATION FOR FOURTH STAGE STUDENTS(AN EVALUATION STUDY(
Authors:   Iraqi Ministry of Education, ZUGAIER Saad Kadhem , ABAAS Ali Sahib ,   , Iraqi Ministry of Education
Published: January 2021

The aim of the research is to identify the reality of the practical application of the fourth stage students at the College of Education at the University of Karbala, to find out the positive and negative aspects in the application process, and the research sample consisted of (100) students, chosen by the random method, and for the purposes of the research, the researcher used the descriptive approach and prepared a questionnaire consisting of (10) paragraphs, and the research reached the following results: 1-The application period is not sufficient, and the more appropriate the application period, students can master training skills better 2-The supervisors' visits to the applied students are not sufficient to better evaluate their performance.
EFFECT OF THE SOCIAL CONTEXT IN THE INTERPRETATION OF LITERARY TEXTS AND THEIR INTERPRETATION OF SCHOLIA, FOR EXAMPLE
Authors:   Sunni Endowment, KADHIM Yasser Enad , HUSSEIN Kamal Ahmed ,   Samarra university
Published: January 2021

This research is marked by the (effect of the social context in the interpretation of literary texts and their interpretation of scholia, for example) this research stands when studying Arabic scholia in the light of one of the theories of modern language science, the political theory that was considered one of the most famous linguistic schools. Modern that can be applied to creative texts, and i have chosen scholia as a domain for application, because of the ambiguity of these scholia at times, and the lack of interconnection between them and the request made at other times, which requires a reference to the social context that produced them in order to understand them better, focusing to know the elements of the context of the situation in the understanding and interpretation of literary texts.
THE REALITY OF FEMALE JOURNALIST: COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE STATUS OF FEMALE JOURNALIST IN SUDAN: IN THE PERIOD OF 2005 - 2006, 2013 – 2015 2017-200
Authors:   Omdurman University, SALEH Nahid Hamza Mohamed
Published: January 2021

This research is comparing between the reality of female journalist and her position from decision making sectors , and the extent of development which reflects on her professionally, scientifically and administratively in the period from2005 – 2006 and 2013-2015 by a questionnaire form for (26%) of Sudanese female journalists in 2005-2006 and a new questionnaire for min which the previous questionnaire was conducted again in January 2015 for (35%) of Sudanese female journalists who work in newspapers including the same sample of these newspapers in both studies.
AN EFFECTIVE APPROACH OF BILATERAL FILTER IMPLEMENTATION IN SPARTAN-3 FIELD PROGRAMMABLE GATE ARRAY
Authors: KARTHIKEYAN P. , GAUTHAM M. , RAMAKRISHNAN R. , MOOKKAIYA A.
Published: January 2021

This paper presents the Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) implementation of Bilateral Filter, in order to achieve high performance and low power consumption. Bilateral filtering is a technique to smooth images while preserving edges by means of a nonlinear combination of nearby image values. This method is nonlinear, local, and simple. We give an idea that bilateral filtering can be accelerated by bilateral grid scheme that enables fast edge-aware image processing. Nowadays, most of the applications require real time hardware systems with large computing potentiality for which fast and dedicated Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) architecture appears to be the best possible solution. While it ensures high resource utilization, that too in cost effective platforms like FPGA, designing such architecture does offers some flexibilities like speeding up the computation by adapting more pipelined structures and parallel processing possibilities of reduced memory consumptions. Here we have developed an effective approach of bilateral filter implementation in Spartan-3 FPGA.
LEVEL PARTITIONING OF NODES TO ENHANCE THE NETWORK LIFETIME DURING INTRUSION DETECTION IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS
Authors: KARUPPIAH A. BABU , KEERTHINATH KEERTHINATH , RAJAN M. KUNDRU MALAI , SHERIFF K.ASHIF ISMAIL , RAJARAM S.
Published: January 2021

A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) consists of many sensor nodes with low cost and power capability Based on the deployment, in the sensing coverage of a sensor node, typically more nodes are covered. A major challenge in constructing a WSN is to enhance the network life time. Nodes in a WSN are usually highly energy-constrained and expected to operate for long periods from limited on-board energy reserves. To permit this, nodes and the embedded software that they execute – must have energy-aware operation. Because of this, continued developments in energy-efficient operation are paramount, requiring major advances to be made in energy hardware, power management circuitry and energy aware algorithms znd protocols. During Intrusion Detection in sensor networks, some genuine nodes need to communicate with the Cluster Head to inform about the details of malicious nodes. For such applications in sensor networks, a large number of sensor nodes that are deployed densely in specific sensing environment share the same sensing tasks. Due to this, the individual nodes might waste their energy in sensing data that are not destined to it and as a result the drain in the energy of the node is more resulting in much reduced network life time. In this paper, a novel algorithm is developed to avoid redundancy in sensing the data thereby enhancing the life time of the network. The concept of Power Factor bit is proposed while a node communicates with the Cluster Head. The simulation results show that the network life time is greatly enhanced by the proposed method.
MAGNETIC RESONANCE COUPLING BASED WIRELESS POWER TRANSFER FOR CONTACTLESS CHARGING OF ELECTRIC VEHICLES
Authors: CHAGANTY SHAKTIRAJ KUMAR , PRASAD S.SIVA
Published: January 2021

The availability of a convenient charging mechanism will help greatly in dispersal of Electric Vehicles more widely. The concept of Wireless transfer of electrical energy will make this possible. The feasibility of wireless power transfer for Electric Vehicles by electromagnetic resonance coupling is investigated in this paper. The experiment is carried out on small sized antennas that can be equipped at the bottom of a vehicle. The efficiency characteristics of power transmitted wirelessly are analyzed by varying frequency of power, gap between receiving and transmitting coils and power to be transmitted. The feasibility of wireless power transfer with large air gaps and high efficiency by small sized antennas is proposed and analyzed in this paper.
AUTOMATED ATTENDANCE SYSTEM USING BIOMETRICS WITH EMBEDDED WEBSERVER
Authors: S ARUN. , K EMMANUEL. , M DIWAKAR. , R RAJESWARI.
Published: January 2021

In this paper, the development of an Automatic College Attendance Management System (ACAMS), a biometric based comprehensive attendance management system is proposed. Complexity in managing the students' attendance during lecture hours, computing the percentage of attendance and conveying the presence/absence of students to their Parent/Guardian have become a difficult challenge and also a time consuming task. For the stated reasons, ACAMS using fingerprint biometrics is designed with an added feature of sending SMS alerts to their Parent/Guardian, for which in this system PHP and CGI scripts and the web site using Lighthttpd server for sharing a common database of SQLite have been introduced. This system takes attendance electronically with the help of a finger print device and the records of the attendance are stored in a database. After student’s identification, attendance is marked and a message is sent to his/her Parent/ Guardian, and hence our system becomes a self monitoring intelligent ACAMS. Moreover, our system eliminates the need for stationary materials and personnel for the keeping of records.
WAVELET-BASED TRANSMISSION LINE FAULT DETECTION AND CLASSIFICATION
Authors: SUDHIR KULKARNISAKEKAR SUMANT , HASABE R.P.
Published: January 2021

An appropriate method of fault detection and classification of power system transmission line using discrete wavelet transform is proposed in this paper. The detection is carried out by the analysis of the detail coefficients energy of phase currents. Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) analysis of the transient disturbance caused as a result of occurrence faults is performed. The work represented in this paper is focused on classification of simple power system faults using the maximum detail coefficient, energy of the signal and the ratio of energy change of each type of simple simulated fault are characteristic in nature and used for distinguishing fault types.
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF MACHINE-CONTROLLED SYSTEM FOR PUBLIC BICYCLE-SHARING IN URBAN AREAS
Authors: SUSEENDHAR G. , VASANTHI D.
Published: January 2021

This paper presents a design of machine controlled intelligent system for public to share bicycles for short distance transportation in urban areas. It allows us to take bicycle from wherever we are and to park at our nearest place of destination. The design schemes used here are automated system for bicycle delivery unit (base station) and bicycle parking unit (substation) and automatic amount collection for the usage from user card (RFID tags) and central administration office (GPS) and solar powered substations (PV solar panels). Moreover, it offers auto-locking racks for bicycles, on-Board vehicle tracking, and battery with solar power management, data logging, and communication with substations and administration. The subscribers can register to this service by administrator of bicycle sharing system. In 2011, the Ministry of Urban Development (MOUD), Government of India, launched the National Public Bicycle Scheme (NPBS) to build capacity for the implementation and operation of cycle sharing systems across the country. This paper outlines the advanced requirements to successfully develop and deploy bicycle sharing system focusing on solar powered battery charging and vending by PV solar panels, rental collection interface, in and out management of bicycles, system equipped with RFID and GPS tracking mechanisms. So bicycle sharing systems has emerged as an innovative form of public transport to provide urban short-distance transportation services by government.
IMPLEMENTATION OF MODEL PREDICTIVE CONTROL AND AUTO TUNING BASED PID FOR EFFECTIVE TEMPERATURE CONTROL IN CSTR
Authors: KISHORE CHENIMINENI , VANDHANA T. , HUSSAIN SHEEREEN , RAJU S.SRINIVASULU
Published: January 2021

Continuous Stirrer Tank Reactor (CSTR) is an important topic in process control and offering a diverse range of researches in the area of chemical and control engineering. A simulation on mathematical model has several advantages over the experiment on a real model or system, which is used for steady state analysis and dynamic state analysis. The main objective is to control the temperature of CSTR in the presence of disturbance. Various control approaches have been applied on CSTR to control its parameters through PID control and MODEL PREDICTIVE CONTROL (MPC). Model design and simulation are done in MATLAB SIMULINK
AN EFFICIENT APPROACH USING RULE INDUCTION AND ASSOCIATION RULE MINING ALGORITHMS IN DATA MINING
Authors: SHARMA KAPIL , VASHISHT SHEVETA
Published: January 2021

In this research work we use rule induction in data mining to obtain the accurate results with fast processing time. We using decision list induction algorithm to make order and unordered list of rules to coverage of maximum data from the data set. Using induction rule via association rule mining we can generate number of rules for training dataset to achieve accurate result with less error rate. We also use induction rule algorithms like confidence static and Shannon entropy to obtain the high rate of accurate results from the large dataset. This can also improves the traditional algorithms with good result.