bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chemistry–climate interactions of aerosol nitrate from lightning
Authors: Tost Holger
Published: January 2017

Abstract. Lightning represents one of the dominant emission sources for NOx in the troposphere. The direct release of oxidised nitrogen in the upper troposphere does not only affect ozone formation, but also chemical and microphysical properties of aerosol particles in this region. This study investigates the direct impact of LNOx emissions on upper-tropospheric nitrate using a global chemistry climate model. The simulation results show a substantial influence of the lightning emissions on the mixing ratios of nitrate aerosol in the upper troposphere of more than 50 %. In addition to the impact on nitrate, lightning substantially affects the oxidising capacity of the atmosphere with substantial implications for gas-phase sulfate formation and new particle formation in the upper troposphere. In conjunction with the condensation of nitrates, substantial differences in the aerosol size distribution occur in the upper troposphere as a consequence of lightning. This has implications for the extinction properties of the aerosol particles and for the cloud optical properties. While the extinction is generally slightly enhanced due to the LNOx emissions, the response of the clouds is ambiguous due to compensating effects in both liquid and ice clouds. Resulting shortwave flux perturbations are of   ∼ −100 mW m−2 as determined from several sensitivity scenarios, but an uncertainty range of almost 50 % has to be defined due to the large internal variability of the system and the uncertainties in the multitude of involved processes. Despite the clear statistical significance of the influence of lightning on the nitrate concentrations, the robustness of the findings gradually decreases towards the determination of the radiative flux perturbations.
A study of geomagnetic field variations along the 80° S geomagnetic parallel
Authors: Lepidi Stefania , Cafarella Lili , Francia Patrizia , Piancatelli Andrea , Pietrolungo Manuela , Santarelli Lucia , Urbini Stefano
Published: January 2017

Abstract. The availability of measurements of the geomagnetic field variations in Antarctica at three sites along the 80° S geomagnetic parallel, separated by approximately 1 h in magnetic local time, allows us to study the longitudinal dependence of the observed variations. In particular, using 1 min data from Mario Zucchelli Station, Scott Base and Talos Dome, a temporary installation during 2007–2008 Antarctic campaign, we investigated the diurnal variation and the low-frequency fluctuations (approximately in the Pc5 range, ∼ 1–7 mHz). We found that the daily variation is clearly ordered by local time, suggesting a predominant effect of the polar extension of midlatitude ionospheric currents. On the other hand, the pulsation power is dependent on magnetic local time maximizing around magnetic local noon, when the stations are closer to the polar cusp, while the highest coherence between pairs of stations is observed in the magnetic local nighttime sector. The wave propagation direction observed during selected events, one around local magnetic noon and the other around local magnetic midnight, is consistent with a solar-wind-driven source in the daytime and with substorm-associated processes in the nighttime.
An efficient training scheme that improves the forecast skill of a
supermodel
Authors: Schevenhoven Francine , Selten Frank
Published: January 2017

Abstract. Weather and climate models have improved steadily over time as witnessed by objective skill scores, although significant model errors remain. Given these imperfect models, predictions might be improved by combining them dynamically into a so-called supermodel. In this paper a new training scheme to construct such a supermodel is explored using a technique called Cross Pollination in Time (CPT). In the CPT approach the models exchange states during the prediction. The number of possible predictions grows quickly with time and a strategy to retain only a small number of predictions, called pruning, needs to be developed. The method is explored using low-order dynamical systems and applied to a global atmospheric model. The results indicate that the CPT training is efficient and leads to a supermodel with improved forecast quality as compared to the individual models. Due to its computational efficiency, the technique is suited for application to state-of-the art high-dimensional weather and climate models.
HESS Opinions: The complementary merits of top-down and bottom-up modelling philosophies in hydrology
Authors: Hrachowitz Markus , Clark Martyn
Published: January 2017

Abstract. In hydrology, the two somewhat competing modelling philosophies of bottom-up and top-down approaches are the basis of most process-based models. Differing mostly (1) in their respective degree of detail in resolving the modelling domain and (2) in their respective degree of explicitly treating conservation laws, these two philosophies suffer from similar limitations. Nevertheless, a better understanding of their respective basis (i.e. micro-scale vs. macro-scale) as well as their respective short comings bears the potential of identifying the complementary value of the two philosophies for improving our models. In this manuscript we analyse several frequently communicated beliefs and assumptions to identify, discuss and emphasize the functional similarity of the two modelling philosophies. We argue that deficiencies in model applications largely do not depend on the modelling philosophy but rather on the way a model is implemented. Based on the premises that top-down models can be implemented at any desired degree of detail and that any type of model remains to some degree conceptual we argue that a convergence of the two modelling strategies may hold some value for progressing the development of hydrological models.
Improvement of hydrological model calibration by selecting multiple parameter ranges
Authors: Wu Qiaofeng , Liu Shuguang , Cai Yi , Li Xinjian , Jiang Yangming
Published: January 2017

Abstract. The parameters of hydrological models are usually calibrated to achieve good performance, owing to the highly non-linear problem of hydrology process modelling. However, parameter calibration efficiency has a direct relation with parameter range. Furthermore, parameter range selection is affected by probability distribution of parameter values, parameter sensitivity, and correlation. A newly proposed method is employed to determine the optimal combination of multi-parameter ranges for improving the calibration of hydrological models. At first, the probability distribution was specified for each parameter of the model based on genetic algorithm (GA) calibration. Then, several ranges were selected for each parameter according to the corresponding probability distribution, and subsequently the optimal range was determined by comparing the model results calibrated with the different selected ranges. Next, parameter correlation and sensibility were evaluated by quantifying two indexes, RC Y,  X and SE, which can be used to coordinate with the negatively correlated parameters to specify the optimal combination of ranges of all parameters for calibrating models. It is shown from the investigation that the probability distribution of calibrated values of any particular parameter in a Xinanjiang model approaches a normal or exponential distribution. The multi-parameter optimal range selection method is superior to the single-parameter one for calibrating hydrological models with multiple parameters. The combination of optimal ranges of all parameters is not the optimum inasmuch as some parameters have negative effects on other parameters. The application of the proposed methodology gives rise to an increase of 0.01 in minimum Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (ENS) compared with that of the pure GA method. The rising of minimum ENS with little change of the maximum may shrink the range of the possible solutions, which can effectively reduce uncertainty of the model performance.
Land surface albedo and vegetation feedbacks enhanced the millennium drought in south-east Australia
Authors: Evans Jason P. , Meng Xianhong , McCabe Matthew F.
Published: January 2017

Abstract. In this study, we have examined the ability of a regional climate model (RCM) to simulate the extended drought that occurred throughout the period of 2002 through 2007 in south-east Australia. In particular, the ability to reproduce the two drought peaks in 2002 and 2006 was investigated. Overall, the RCM was found to reproduce both the temporal and the spatial structure of the drought-related precipitation anomalies quite well, despite using climatological seasonal surface characteristics such as vegetation fraction and albedo. This result concurs with previous studies that found that about two-thirds of the precipitation decline can be attributed to the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Simulation experiments that allowed the vegetation fraction and albedo to vary as observed illustrated that the intensity of the drought was underestimated by about 10 % when using climatological surface characteristics. These results suggest that in terms of drought development, capturing the feedbacks related to vegetation and albedo changes may be as important as capturing the soil moisture–precipitation feedback. In order to improve our modelling of multi-year droughts, the challenge is to capture all these related surface changes simultaneously, and provide a comprehensive description of land surface–precipitation feedback during the droughts development.
New insights into the climatic signal from firn cores at the northern
Antarctic Peninsula
Authors: Fernandoy Francisco , Tetzner Dieter , Meyer Hanno , Gacitúa Guisella , Hoffmann Kirstin , Falk Ulrike
Published: January 2017

Abstract. The Antarctic Peninsula is one of the most challenging regions of Antarctica from a climatological perspective, owing to the recent atmospheric and oceanic warming. The steep topography and a lack of long–term and in situ meteorological observations complicate extrapolation of existing climate models to the sub-regional scale. Here, we present new evidence from the northern Antarctic Peninsula to demonstrate how stable water isotopes of firn cores and recent precipitation samples can reveal climatic processes related to nearby oceanic and atmospheric conditions. A noticeable effect of the sea ice cover on local temperatures and atmospheric modes, in particular the Southern Annular Mode (SAM), is demonstrated. In years with large sea ice extension in winter (negative SAM anomaly), an inversion layer in the lower troposphere develops at the coastal zone. Therefore, an isotope–temperature relationship valid for all seasons cannot be concluded. The δ–T relationship rather depends on seasonal variability of oceanic conditions. Transitional seasons (autumn and spring) are both stable seasons with an isotope–temperature gradient of +0.69 ‰ °C−1. The firn stable isotope composition reveals that the near–surface temperature at the Antarctic Peninsula shows a decreasing trend (−0.33 °C y−1) between 2008 and 2014. Moreover, the deuterium excess (dexcess) has been demonstrated to be a reliable indicator of seasonal oceanic conditions, and therefore suitable to improve a firn age model based on seasonal dexcess variability. The annual accumulation rate in this region is highly variable, ranging between 1060 kg m−2 y−1 and 2470 kg m−2 y−1 from 2008 to 2014. The combination of isotopic and meteorological data is key for reconstructing recent climatic conditions with a high temporal resolution in polar regions where no direct observation exists
ANÁLISE-REFLEXIVA SOBRE O EVENTO QUEDA NA SEGURANÇA DO PACIENTE EM HEMODIÁLISE
Authors: Evangelista de Almeida Onislene Alves , Rodrigues Maria Cristina Soares , Santos Walterlânia Silva
Published: January 2017

O objetivo deste texto foi apresentar uma análise-reflexiva sobre o evento adverso queda e suas peculiaridades na doença renal crônica e tratamento hemodialítico a partir de publicações acerca do assunto. Verifica-se que a doença renal crônica e a hemodiálise adicionam particularidades na predição do risco de queda. Intervenções qualificadas na identificação do risco e prevenção de complicações associadas a esse evento são imprescindíveis. Estudos que explicam os mecanismos da interação entre quedas e tratamento dialítico são escassos, portanto, novas pesquisas são necessárias para a construção de um instrumento eficaz na estratificação do risco de queda.
CONSUMO DE ÁLCOOL POR ENFERMEIROS E IMPLICAÇÕES PARA O TRABALHO EM SAÚDE – REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Machado Analy Da Silva , Monteiro Pedro Sadi , Ribeiro Laiane Medeiros , Guilhem Dirce
Published: January 2017

Trata-se de estudo exploratório descritivo com objetivo de descrever o padrão de consumo de álcool entre enfermeiros e suas implicações para o trabalho em saúde. A pesquisa foi realizada em outubro de 2015, em cincobases eletrônicas de dados. Após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, a amostra final resultou em seis publicações. Os estudos selecionados mostraram que o consumo de bebidas alcoólicas por profissionais de enfermagemestava presente, de forma preocupante, em todas as pesquisas analisadas. Os resultados mostraram que há prevalência de profissionais de enfermagem com problemas relacionados ao consumo abusivo de álcool, em alguns menos e em outros mais acentuados. Observou-se que o trabalho noturno, longas jornadas de trabalho e carga horária semanal elevada demonstraram relação positiva com o consumo de álcool. Além disso, estresse, depressão, ansiedade e insatisfação com o trabalho foram apontados como fatores de risco para o abuso de álcool nos estudos.
SENSIBILIDADE MORAL E FATORES RELACIONADOS: PERCEPÇÃO DE ENFERMEIROS
Authors: Dalla Nora Carlise Rigon , Schaefer Rafaela , Álvarez Enrique Jesús Sáez , Ramos María Dolores Burguete
Published: January 2017

Objetivou-se conhecer a percepção de enfermeiros acerca da sensibilidade moral e seus fatores relacionados. Pesquisa qualitativa, com dados coletados em grupo focal e analisado pela técnica de análise de conteúdo, em março de 2016. Participaram seis enfermeiros das seguintes áreas de atuação - cuidados paliativos, hematologia, urgência, unidade de tratamento intensivo e docente - da cidade de Valência, Espanha. Depreenderam-se quatro categorias: o conceito de sensibilidade moral; a dimensão profissional; a relação com o paciente; e a educação ética. Os enfermeiros investigados apresentaram visão restrita do conceito de sensibilidade moral, porém identificaram fatores que influenciam a sensibilidade moral. Observou-se a percepção deles em relação à necessidade de ampliação e desenvolvimento dos processos formativos em ética, ainda durante a graduação e nos próprios serviços de saúde, com vistas ao aprimoramento dos cuidados de enfermagem.
Synthesis and Characterization of New 8-trifluloromethyl Quinazolin-2,4-(3H)-Dione Nucleosides
Authors: Break Laila M.
Published: January 2017

Synthesis of 8-trifluloromethyl quinazolin-2,4-(1H,3H)-dione 2. which have been ribosylated by coupling with 1-O-acetyl-2,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Food Research, Vol. 6 No. 1
Authors: Dong Bella
Published: January 2017

Journal of Food Research wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.Journal of Food Research is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please find the application form and details at http://recruitment.ccsenet.org and e-mail the completed application form to jfr@ccsenet.org.Reviewers for Volume 6, Number 1Ancuta Elena Prisacaru, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, RomaniaCheryl Rosita Rock, California State University, United StatesCodina Georgiana Gabriela, Stefan cel Mare University Suceava, RomaniaDiego A. Moreno-Fernández, CEBAS-CSIC, SpainEganathan Palanisami, M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation, IndiaElke Rauscher-Gabernig, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, AustriaEstela de Rezende Queiroz, Universidade Federal de Lavras, BrazilHamid El Bilali, CIHEAM-Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Bari (IAMB), ItalyIlkin Yucel Sengun, Ege University, TurkeyJelena Vulic, University of Novi Sad, SerbiaJintana Wiboonsirikul, Phetchaburi Rajabhat University, ThailandJose M. Camina, National University of La Pampa and National Council of Scientific and Technical Researches (CONICET), ArgentinaLenka Kourimska, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Czech RepublicLuis Patarata, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, PortugalLupu Mirabela Ioana, Transilvania University Brasov, RomaniaMagdalena Polak-Berecka, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, PolandMarco Iammarino, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Puglia e della Basilicata, ItalyMarwa Ibrahim Abd El Hamid, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, EgyptMassimiliano Renna, Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, ItalyNingning Zhao, Oregon Health & Science University, , United StatesPalak Gupta, University of South Florida, United StatesQinlu Lin, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, ChinaRenata Dobrucka, Poznan University of Economics, PolandRigane Ghayth, Organic Chemistry-Physics Laboratory, University of Sfax., TunisiaSuresh Kumar, Hanyang University, KoreaVasudha Bansal, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research-Central Scientific Instruments Organisation (AcSIR-CSIO), India
Assessment of Nitrogen Leaching of Cropping Pattern by Soil Nitrogen Balance Equation (Case Study: Varamin Irrigation and Drainage Network)
Authors: Yousefi Maryam , Soltani Jaber , RahimiKhob Ali , Ebrahim Banihabib Mohammad , Soltani Elyas
Published: January 2017

Nitrogen is often one of the most important limiting factors for biomass production. Usually few soils have proper amount of nitrogen, so it is usually added by fertilizers. In cropping systems, nitrogen fertilization practices can provide a sufficient nitrogen supply for plants to achieve the potential yield. However, to ensure reaching to this potential yield, farmers often apply more nitrogen fertilizers than the required nitrogen for achieving maximum yield. Nitrogen fertilizer should be given to soil according to nitrogen content of soil, water and crop nitrogen demand during the growth periods. Especially in the lands that apply wastewater and groundwater for irrigation and irrigation sources have large quantities of nitrogen, therefore we Should reduce the amount of fertilizer used in agricultural lands, In other words for planning the plant fertilizer demand, nitrogen balance in soil should be considered. Nitrogen overuse increases the risk of nitrogen leaching to groundwater, contaminating groundwater and threatening the human health. In recent years, critical plant nitrogen concentration equation is used to determine crop nitrogen demand during the different growth stages of plants. The purpose of this study is to determine the nitrogen demand of Varamin network’s cropping pattern by using the critical plant nitrogen concentration equation and comparing the result with the amount of nitrogen fertilizer commonly applied in the study area. In this study, monthly biomass production for growing period was determined based on normalized water productivity index and plant canopy development. Coefficient of critical nitrogen concentration equation for each plant was determined by previous researches. The result of this study showed that for barley, the amount of nitrogen applied in Varamin network is equal to nitrogen demand of the cropsand for wheat, maize and tomato are 25%, 61% and 18%, respectively, higher than the amount obtained from critical plant nitrogen concentration equation.also according to the results of soil Nitrogen balance in lands covered by AU canal of Varamin network, 707 ton of nitrogen entered to soil and groundwater by leaching and we should considered appropriate solutions to reduce leaching, such as using high-yielding crops that remove a significant amount of N in the harvested portion, synchronizing fertilizer application with crop demand, conjunctive use of wastewater and groundwater with proper nitrogen concentration and etc.
A VIVÊNCIA DE MULHERES NO PARTO DOMICILIAR PLANEJADO
Authors: Kruno Rosimery Barão , Silva Tatiane Osvaldt da , Trindade Patrícia Taís de Oliveira
Published: January 2017

Objetivou-se conhecer a vivência de mulheres que tiveram partos domiciliares planejados e desvelar os motivos dessa opção. Estudo qualitativo que entrevistou oito mulheres cujos partos domiciliares foram planejados. A coleta de dados ocorreu através de entrevista semi-estruturada em outubro de 2014. A análise dos dados baseou-se no método temático de onde emergiram as categorias e subcategorias: (a) Motivações para o parto domiciliar, (b) Vivenciando o parto domiciliar: (b1) Empoderamento e transformação, (b2) Aliviando a dor, (b3) Corte tardio do cordão umbilical (b4), Placenta e ancestralidade; (c) A família e o parto domiciliar. As motivações para o parto domiciliar envolveram oposição às rotinas hospitalares e a falta de privacidade e autonomia da parturiente sobre seu corpo e seu filho. As vivências foram descritas como empoderadoras, conferindo-lhes maior valorização familiar. O parto domiciliar planejado é uma realidade crescente no Brasil, devido à divulgação de evidências científicas obstétricas e relatos bem-sucedidos.  A mulher atual busca uma vivência de parto que transcenda o aspecto biológico.Descritores: Humanização do Parto, Parto Domiciliar, Saúde da Mulher, Enfermeira Obstétrica.
MÉTODOS DE BIÓPSIA PULMONAR EMPREGADOS NO HOSPITAL UNIVERSITÁRIO DE SANTA MARIA: ACURÁCIA, SENSIBILIDADE E ESPECIFICIDADE
Authors: Stüker Filipe Rafael , Homrich Gustavo Köhler , Premaor Melissa Orlandin
Published: January 2017

O objetivo desse estudo foi definir a acurácia diagnóstica, sensibilidade e especificidade dos dois principais métodos de biópsia pulmonar empregados no Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria (HUSM): biópsia endobrônquica e biópsia pulmonar percutânea transtorácica (BPPT) guiada por tomografia computadorizada. Foi delineado um estudo transversal em que se analisaram laudos anatomopatológicos das biópsias pulmonares realizadas no HUSM entre os anos de 2003 a 2013. Foram incluídos os laudos que possuíam pelo menos uma modalidade de biópsia pulmonar realizada, sendo precedente ao procedimento cirúrgico, o qual foi considerado como padrão-ouro. A acurácia da biópsia realizada por método endobrônquico, aferida através de curva ROC teve como área sob a curva o valor calculado de 0,645. Sua sensibilidade e especificidade foram, respectivamente, 43% e 85%. A acurácia da BPPT apresentou área sob a curva calculada em0,681. Sua sensibilidade foi 61% e sua especificidade 75%. Conclui-se que os resultados encontrados podem ser considerados razoáveis e ambos métodos podem ser utilizados na pratica clinica.Descritores: Biopsia; Lesão Pulmonar; Precisão da Medição Dimensional; Sensibilidade e Especificidade.
DIMENSÕES QUALITATIVAS E QUANTITATIVAS DO TRABALHO HOSPITALAR: INTERFACE COM A CULTURA DE SEGURANÇA DO PACIENTE
Authors: Borges Fabieli , Rigo Denise De Fátima Hoffmann , Bugs Thaís Vanessa , Kawamoto Andressa Morello , Oliveira João Lucas Campos de , Barboza Ronaldo Luiz , Nicola Anair Lazzari
Published: January 2017

Objetivou-se analisar a cultura de segurança do paciente entre a equipe multiprofissional hospitalar quanto às dimensões que tratam do qualitativo organizacional e o quantitativo de pessoal. Procedeu-se pesquisa descritiva, quantitativa, com a participação de 71 profissionais de um hospital de ensino público do interior do Paraná, que responderam ao questionário “Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture”. A análise estatística descritiva foi procedida às dimensões de aprendizado organizacional (qualitativa) e dimensão de pessoal (quantitativa) do referido instrumento. A maioria (67,6%) dos sujeitos legitimou percepção favorável ao aprendizado organizacional contínuo, contudo, 91,6% dos profissionais sinalizaram que o hospital empregador não propicia quantitativo adequado de pessoal para o atendimento seguro, além das pessoas estarem expostas à elevada carga de trabalho e continuamente atuarem sob tensão. Concluiu-se que, através desta dualidade na percepção dos participantes, fica evidente a maior e melhor atenção das lideranças à provisão de capital humano adequado no serviço. Descritores: Segurança do Paciente; Cultura Organizacional; Downsizing Organizacional; Gestão da Qualidade; Administração Hospitalar.
IMUNOGENECIDADE DE ACADÊMICOS DO CURSO DE ODONTOLOGIA EM RELAÇÃO À HEPATITE B
Authors: Pilati Sarah Freygang Mendes , Patrianova Larissa Kobarg Cercal , Vitoretti Alexssandra De Jesus
Published: January 2017

Objetivo: determinar o perfil sorológico, através de marcadores da hepatite B de acadêmicos do curso de odontologia. Metodologia: pesquisa descritiva com 70 graduandos do primeiro ao terceiro período do curso de odontologia no semestre de 2013/2, mediante a coleta de dados secundários, através da análise dos laudos sorológicos para os marcadores Anti-HBs; HBsAg; Anti-HBc Total. Resultados: um total de 87,14% dos acadêmicos já haviam realizado a vacina anteriormente à aplicação deste estudo, dos quais, apenas 18,6% haviam realizado o exame Anti-HBs. A análise dos laudos evidenciou que, para 100% do grupo avaliado, os marcadores HBsAg e Anti-HBc Total foram não reagente e apenas 50,8% obtiveram resultado reagente para o Anti-HBs. Conclusão: apesar da grande maioria dos acadêmicos já ter realizado a vacina contra hepatite B, apenas em uma parcela dos mesmos ocorreu soroconverção, sendo importante incentivar os acadêmicos a realizar o exame Anti-HBs, pois, este é fundamental para constatar a real presença da imunogenecidade.Descritores: Hepatite B; Sorologia; Estudantes de Odontologia; Vacinação; Equipamentos de Proteção.
A HUMANIZAÇÃO DO PROCESSO DE PARTURIÇÃO SOB A ÓTICA DE ADOLESCENTES
Authors: Gonçalves Kamila Dias , Soares Marilu Correa , Demori Carolina Carbonell , Matos Greice Carvalho de , Escobal Ana Paula de Lima , Kerber Nalú Pereira da Costa
Published: January 2017

Objetivo: conhecer a percepção de puérperas adolescentes acerca do cuidado recebido durante o processo de parturição. Métodos: estudo de abordagem qualitativa e exploratória. Foram entrevistadas 10 puérperas adolescentes, com idades entre 10 e 19 anos, entre os anos de 2008 e 2009 no centro obstétrico de um hospital de ensino de Pelotas/RS. Para análise, os dados foram agrupados em consonância com a análise de conteúdo proposta por Minayo. Resultados: as adolescentes priorizam a atenção, a compreensão, o diálogo e a informação dos profissionais de saúde no processo de parturição, definindo estes aspectos como fundamentais para o cuidado ideal. Conclusão: no entendimento das puérperas adolescentes, cuidado qualificado significa atenção, diálogo, compreensão e informações por parte dos profissionais acerca da evolução do processo de parturição. De modo geral as puérperas sentiram-se satisfeitas com o atendimento prestado. Descritores: Gravidez na Adolescência; Trabalho de Parto; Parto Humanizado; Assistência Perinatal.
TRAÇO FALCIFORME: UMA VISÃO PARA OS CENTROS DE HEMOTERAPIA
Authors: Paz da Silva José Edson , Giovelli Letícia Loi
Published: January 2017

As Hemoglobinopatias são desordens hereditárias muito freqüentes que afetam toda a população mundial e causam um grande problema de saúde pública. O Brasil apresenta uma alta prevalência de Hemoglobina S, com grandes diferenças regionais como conseqüência do processo de miscigenação. Os objetivos dessa revisão bibliográfica são destacar alguns aspectos relevantes do traço falciforme a fim de orientar os profissionais da saúde que atuam nos centros de hemoterapia sobre essa desordem e também, em virtude da falta de padronização de uma técnica de detecção da Hemoglobina S nos centros de hemoterapia, procuramos enfatizar os métodos utilizados e assim, levantar a discussão para a escolha de qual o melhor teste de triagem que deve ser utilizado nesses centros. Palavras-Chave: Traço Falciforme, Métodos, Centros de Hemoterapia.
CONSTRUÇÃO DE INSTRUMENTO PARA ASSISTÊNCIA À SAÚDE DA MULHER NA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA À SAÚDE
Authors: Rodrigues Rita De Cássia , Pontes Stella Crisanto , Galvão Mayhara Myrna Bezerril Freire de Lima , Andrade Fábia Barbosa , Araújo Daisy Vieira de
Published: January 2017

O objetivo do presente estudo foi desenvolver um instrumento para assistência à saúde da mulher na Atenção Primária do município de Santa Cruz, Rio Grande do Norte. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória e descritiva, com abordagem quantitativa. Participaram nove enfermeiros como avaliadores do estudo. Houve um consenso de mais de 50 % entre os expertises. Calculou-se o coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach dos itens: identificação da paciente e informação sobre saúde-doença; exame físico; diagnóstico de enfermagem e intervenções da Ficha Clínica de Saúde da Mulher e obteve-se um resultado igual a 0,971 (97,1%), 0,917 (91,7%), 0,960 (96,1%),1,000 (100%) e 1,000 (100%), respectivamente, o que significa que os dados utilizados possuem validade interna, ou seja, o constructo é fidedigno. Os avaliadores participaram de forma assídua da elaboração do instrumento e, assim, forneceram uma ficha clínica com agrupamento de informações do estado de saúde-doença, atribuindo uma melhor qualificação à assistência prestada.Descritores: Saúde da Mulher; Assistência de Enfermagem; Assistência Integral à Saúde da Mulher.
AVALIAÇÃO DOS EFEITOS ANTI-GENOTÓXICOS DE Phyllanthus niruri (EUPHORBIACEAE) EM LEUCÓCITOS HUMANOS EXPOSTOS A AGENTE AGRESSOR
Authors: Leão Maria Fernanda de Moura , Güez Camila Martins , Duarte Jonathaline Apollo , Schmitt Elizandra Gomes , Quintana Luciane Dias , Zambrano Léa Augusta de Bairros , Rocha Mariana Balhego , Zuravski Luísa , Oliveira Luís Flávio Souza de , Machado Michel Mansur
Published: January 2017

Em muitos lugares ao redor do mundo as plantas medicinais ou parte delas são usadas de forma paliativa ou curativa para o tratamento de diversas enfermidades, devido a dificuldade ao acesso a tratamentos convencionais. Nesse contexto, preparações a base de Phyllanthus niruri, que é popularmente conhecida como “Quebra-Pedra” ou “Erva-Pombinha” tem sido muito usadas no tratamento de diversas enfermidades como hipertensão, diabetes, cálculos renais, entre outros. O presente estudo visou avaliar a capacidade anti-genotóxica do extrato hidroalcoólico de Phyllanthus niruri, através da análise fitoquímica e dosagem de compostos, avaliação de parâmetros genotoxicológicos e  oxidativos. Os resultados mostram que o Phyllanthus niruri possui uma grande quantidade de compostos antioxidantes, tendo estes ação na proteção em nível de DNA, onde o extrato mostrou-se capaz de aumentar a viabilidade celular e de parâmetro oxidativos, mostrando ser capaz de diminuir a peroxidação lipídica.Descritores: Phyllanthus niruri; Cultura Celular; Leucócitos; Genotoxicidade
 ESTUDO RETROSPECTIVO DAS CURVATURAS DA COLUNA VERTEBRAL E DO POSICIONAMENTO PÉLVICO EM IMAGENS RADIOGRÁFICAS
Authors: Hahn Paola Trindade , Ulguim Cintia Bonilha , Badaraó Ana Fátima Viero
Published: January 2017

Este estudo caracteriza-se em uma pesquisa documental retrospectiva, do tipo descritiva, com o objetivo de verificar o posicionamento da pelve e das curvaturas da coluna vertebral. Foram analisadas 104 imagens radiográficas de perfil, em adultos de ambos os sexos.Verificou-se em centímetros o desnível pélvico e utilizou-se o método Cobb e a razão entre a distância e a altura para analisar as curvaturas da coluna. Os resultados apontam a prevalência de retroversão pélvica, com mediana de -0,6 (-1,5-0). Na coluna os segmentos da cervical e lombar apresentaram padrão de normalidade (39,5° ± 13,9, 46,89° ± 9,63) e a torácica apresentou padrão entre normal e hipercifose (45,05° ± 9,83).
 USO DE CONDOM ENTRE ESTUDANTES UNIVERSITÁRIOS DO SUL DO BRASIL
Authors: Campos Velho Maria Teresa De Aquino , Moraes Anaelena Bragança de , Santos Fernanda Gabriel , Silva Luciele Cristofari da , Tonial Alessandro Ferroni , Franchini Fernanda Paula , Franco Neto Nelson Barbosa , Riesgo Itamar Dos Santos
Published: January 2017

Pretendeu-se estimar a prevalência e o comportamento quanto ao uso de condom entre estudantes universitários através de inquérito epidemiológico. Utilizaram-se a estatística descritiva das variáveis e análise bivariada, com a realização dos testes qui-quadrado de Pearson, exato de Fisher e t de Student. De 330 estudantes, 84,5% foram incluídos na análise. O percentual de alunos que já haviam usado condom foi de 96,9% e o uso consistente deste foi maior entre os homens (p=0,013). Os indivíduos que não usaram preservativo na última relação sexual (57,3%) justificaram o fato por possuírem relacionamento estável. Os homens afirmaram redução do prazer ao uso de condom. Dos entrevistados, 67,2% acreditavam na importância do uso do método como prevenção contra doenças sexualmente transmissíveis. A relação estável demonstrou ser fator para o não uso do condom, e várias pessoas referiram desconforto e menor prazer com o método. As mulheres foram mais suscetíveis ao sexo desprotegido.
 PARASITOS GASTROINTESTINAIS E SANGUÍNEOS EM CÃES. RISCO PARA ADOÇÃO?
Authors: De La Rue Mario Luiz , Andrade Ariéli de , Ceolin Lilian Varini , Gabriel Carina De Castro , Garrot Lis Schons , Silva Vanessa Correa da , Vogel Fernanda Flores , Sangioni Luis Antônio
Published: January 2017

Procurou-se verificar a prevalência de parasitos intestinais e teciduais e estabelecer relação com zoonoses parasitárias por ocasião da adoção de cães errantes. Assim, coletou-se amostras de fezes e soro de 20 cães errantes sem prévio tratamento anti-parasitário, provenientes de cidades da região da Campanha do Rio Grande do Sul entre novembro a dezembro de 2007. Nas fezes foram encontrados ovos deAncylostoma sp. em todas as amostras (20/20) e 15% (3/20) de Trichuris sp. Coproantígenos de Echinococcus granulosus foram observados em 25% (5/20) das fezes e a imunofluorescência revelou 55% (11/20) de prevalência paraT. gondii e 30% (6/20) de N. caninum. Não foram encontrados cistos de Giardiasp. Concluiu-se que o ambiente endêmico permite a fácil contaminação com nematódeos e a ingestão de carne crua seria um importante agente de infecção com E. granulosus, T. gondii e N. caninume sugere-se que as pessoas encarregadas da adoção estabeleçam tratamentos eficazes contra todos os parasitos que possam infringir danos a saúde humana
 AS CONCEPÇÕES DOS ENFERMEIROS/DOCENTES FRENTE À ATUAÇÃO DA ENFERMAGEM NA TERAPIA COM CÉLULAS TRONCO
Authors: Begnini Danusa , Bastos Cogo Silvana , Souza Tamires Patrícia
Published: January 2017

Há vários anos comunidades científicas internacionais analisam novas formas de tratamento de doenças, uma delas é a terapia com células tronco. Haja vista a necessidade dos profissionais enfermeiros estarem inseridos nessa temática pretendeu-se realizar uma pesquisa com o objetivo analisar e descrever a concepção dos enfermeiros/docentes quanto a atuação e inserção da enfermagem na terapia com células tronco. Acerca da metodologia trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa de caráter descritiva e exploratória. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de perguntas semi-estruturadas aos dez enfermeiros/docentes de uma instituição de ensino superior do norte do RS. Como método de análise dos dados utilizou-se a análise temática de Minayo (2007). Quanto às questões éticas, estas foram estritamente respeitadas, tendo em vista a aprovação pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da UFSM. Dessa forma, incide a necessidade do conhecimento em células tronco por parte dos profissionais da enfermagem para uma boa intervenção na condição de saúde de seu cliente.
 AVALIAÇÃO DE ARTIGOS PUBLICADOS EM PERIÓDICOS NACIONAIS - VIGILÂNCIA SANITÁRIA
Authors: Skupien Jovito Adiel , Pereira Gustavo Ribeiro
Published: January 2017

O presente trabalho analisa os artigos publicados referentes à vigilância sanitária em 3 periódicos nacionais especializados em saúde pública e coletiva. O estudo, de caráter documental, avaliou os artigos presentes nas revistas: Revista de Saúde Pública, Ciência & Saúde e Cadernos de Saúde Pública. Os artigos avaliados foram os encontrados após a busca de descritores “vigilância” e “sanitária”. Vinte e dois artigos foram encontrados e após a leitura dos mesmos, foi feita uma classificação de acordo com a atuação da vigilância sanitária. Os resultados demonstraram a carência de trabalhos nos quais as atuações deste importante setor do sistema único de saúde estão vinculados. Descritores: Vigilância Sanitária, saúde pública, publicações periódicas como assunto
Effect of Okra Yellow Vein Mosaic Virus (OYVMV) on Plant Growth and Yield
Authors: M. Ibrahim Khaskheli  , M. Mithal Jiskani  , Suresh Puri Goswami  , Gul Bahar Poussio  , M. Azeem Khaskheli
Published: January 2017

Okra yellow vein mosaic virus (OYVMV) is one of the most destructive diseases of okra plant. In the current study, effect of okra yellow vein mosaic virus (OYVMV) was assessed on plant growth and yield in naturally infected crop under agro-ecological conditions of Hyderabad district. The virus showed the significant reduction in plant height, number of leaves, flowers, fruits, and over all pickings and yield of all the locations wherever the crop was examined in the district. The significant reduction in plant height (48.67 cm) in infected plants as compared to healthy plants (62.96 cm) was recorded. Similarly, significant difference in the flowers formation per plant at all four locations was recorded in diseased (0.912) and healthy (2.165) plants. Fruit weight was also significantly reducing due to the disease prevalence at all four locations (73.25 g) as compared to healthy observed fruits (91.50 g). Interestingly, on overall basis there were more numbers of leaves (20.66) in infected plants as compared to healthy one (16.33). It is obvious from the results that virus (OYVMV) showed significant increase in number of leaves but reduced plant height, flowers, fruits and yield at all four observed locations, thus, pathologists and breeders are advised to work more on evaluation of resistant varieties using advanced molecular tools. The growers are also advised to adopt preventive as well as curative control measures so that the yield losses may be decreased.
Communicating knowledge, getting attention, and negotiating disagreement via videoconferencing technology: A multimodal analysis
Authors: Norris Sigrid , Pirini Jesse Poono
Published: January 2017

This article takes a multimodal approach to examine how two young men communicate knowledge, shift attention, and negotiate a disagreement via videoconferencing technology. The data for the study comes from a larger ongoing project of participants engaging in various tasks together. Linking micro, intermediate and macro analyses through the various methodological tools employed, the article presents multimodal (inter)action analysis (Norris, 2004, 2011, 2013a, 2013b) as a methodology to gain new insight into the complexity of knowledge communication via videoconferencing technology, which is relevant to many settings from education to employment, from organizations to gaming.
Motility precedes egress of malaria parasites from oocysts
Authors: Klug Dennis , Frischknecht Friedrich
Published: January 2017

Malaria is transmitted when an infected Anopheles mosquito deposits Plasmodium sporozoites in the skin during a bite. Sporozoites are formed within oocysts at the mosquito midgut wall and are released into the hemolymph, from where they invade the salivary glands and are subsequently transmitted to the vertebrate host. We found that a thrombospondin-repeat containing sporozoite-specific protein named thrombospondin-releated protein 1 (TRP1) is important for oocyst egress and salivary gland invasion, and hence for the transmission of malaria. We imaged the release of sporozoites from oocysts in situ, which was preceded by active motility. Parasites lacking TRP1 failed to migrate within oocysts and did not egress, suggesting that TRP1 is a vital component of the events that precede intra-oocyst motility and subsequently sporozoite egress and salivary gland invasion.
Direct assessment of substrate binding to the Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter LeuT by solid state NMR
Authors: Erlendsson Simon , Gotfryd Kamil , Larsen Flemming Hofmann , Mortensen Jonas Sigurd , Geiger Michel-Andreas , van Rossum Barth-Jan , Oschkinat Hartmut , Gether Ulrik , Teilum Kaare , Loland Claus J
Published: January 2017

The Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporters (NSSs) represent an important class of proteins mediating sodium-dependent uptake of neurotransmitters from the extracellular space. The substrate binding stoichiometry of the bacterial NSS protein, LeuT, and thus the principal transport mechanism, has been heavily debated. Here we used solid state NMR to specifically characterize the bound leucine ligand and probe the number of binding sites in LeuT. We were able to produce high-quality NMR spectra of substrate bound to microcrystalline LeuT samples and identify one set of sodium-dependent substrate-specific chemical shifts. Furthermore, our data show that the binding site mutants F253A and L400S, which probe the major S1 binding site and the proposed S2 binding site, respectively, retain sodium-dependent substrate binding in the S1 site similar to the wild-type protein. We conclude that under our experimental conditions there is only one detectable leucine molecule bound to LeuT.
Dyslexics’ faster decay of implicit memory for sounds and words is manifested in their shorter neural adaptation
Authors: Jaffe-Dax Sagi , Frenkel Or , Ahissar Merav
Published: January 2017

Dyslexia is a prevalent reading disability whose underlying mechanisms are still disputed. We studied the neural mechanisms underlying dyslexia using a simple frequency-discrimination task. Though participants were asked to compare the two tones in each trial, implicit memory of previous trials affected their responses. We hypothesized that implicit memory decays faster among dyslexics. We tested this by increasing the temporal intervals between consecutive trials, and by measuring the behavioral impact and ERP responses from the auditory cortex. Dyslexics showed a faster decay of implicit memory effects on both measures, with similar time constants. Finally, faster decay of implicit memory also characterized the impact of sound regularities in benefitting dyslexics' oral reading rate. Their benefit decreased faster as a function of the time interval from the previous reading of the same non-word. We propose that dyslexics’ shorter neural adaptation paradoxically accounts for their longer reading times, since it reduces their temporal window of integration of past stimuli, resulting in noisier and less reliable predictions for both simple and complex stimuli. Less reliable predictions limit their acquisition of reading expertise.
Extensive cargo identification reveals distinct biological roles of the 12 importin pathways
Authors: Kimura Makoto , Morinaka Yuriko , Imai Kenichiro , Kose Shingo , Horton Paul , Imamoto Naoko
Published: January 2017

Vast numbers of proteins are transported into and out of the nuclei by approximately 20 species of importin-β family nucleocytoplasmic transport receptors. However, the significance of the multiple parallel transport pathways that the receptors constitute is poorly understood because only limited numbers of cargo proteins have been reported. Here, we identified cargo proteins specific to the 12 species of human import receptors with a high-throughput method that employs stable isotope labeling with amino acids in cell culture, an in vitro reconstituted transport system, and quantitative mass spectrometry. The identified cargoes illuminated the manner of cargo allocation to the receptors. The redundancies of the receptors vary widely depending on the cargo protein. Cargoes of the same receptor are functionally related to one another, and the predominant protein groups in the cargo cohorts differ among the receptors. Thus, the receptors are linked to distinct biological processes by the nature of their cargoes.
Multivariate cross-frequency coupling via generalized eigendecomposition
Authors: Cohen Michael X
Published: January 2017

This paper presents a new framework for analyzing cross-frequency coupling in multichannel electrophysiological recordings. The generalized eigendecomposition-based cross-frequency coupling framework (gedCFC) is inspired by source-separation algorithms combined with dynamics of mesoscopic neurophysiological processes. It is unaffected by factors that confound traditional CFC methods—such as non-stationarities, non-sinusoidality, and non-uniform phase angle distributions—attractive properties considering that brain activity is neither stationary nor perfectly sinusoidal. The gedCFC framework opens new opportunities for conceptualizing CFC as network interactions with diverse spatial/topographical distributions. Five specific methods within the gedCFC framework are detailed, these are validated in simulated data and applied in several empirical datasets. gedCFC accurately recovers physiologically plausible CFC patterns embedded in noise that causes traditional CFC methods to perform poorly. The paper also demonstrates that spike-field coherence in multichannel local field potential data can be analyzed using the gedCFC framework, which provides significant advantages over traditional spike-field coherence analyses. Null-hypothesis testing is also discussed.
All about the RNA after all
Authors: Trcek Tatjana , Lehmann Ruth
Published: January 2017

RNA molecules cause the proteins involved in the formation of germ granules to coalesce into liquid droplets.
Literary Representations of Capitalist Dictatorship in Transcultural Adaptations of Brecht’s The Resistible Rise of Arturo Ui by Ajoka Theatre in Pakistan
Authors: Kayani Taimur , Ali Termizi Arbaayah
Published: January 2017

Brecht’s ‘canonical’ literary work’s indigenization in Pakistan can offer a valuable transcultural adaptation study because it was performed through a radical theatre with a distinct dramaturgy and political philosophy in two different cultural contexts and historical frame of references. As the foremost representative of Brecht’s radical dramaturgy, philosophy and literary works in Pakistan since 1983, Ajoka theatre utilized these adaptations as socio-political spaces to challenge dominant discourses on the rise of dictatorship and capitalism in Pakistan. Prior studies explored the formal elements of these adaptations of The Resistible Rise of Arturo Ui(1942) : visual and aural and the intellectual content i.e. political dimension of this ‘social action theatre’ is still unexamined. This contextual reading attempts to fulfill this ‘gap’ by conducting a seminal contextual criticism on ‘literary representations’ of Pakistani pro-capitalist dictators in selected transcultural adaptations of Brecht’s work in light of new historicism and Hutcheon’s Theory of Adaptation. The article also explores how in the second phase Brecht’s social and political philosophy is reflected in Ajoka’s signature plays, Bala King (1997) and The Third Knock (1970).
Gothic and Grotesque in James Hogg’s The Mysterious Bride
Authors: Roselezam Wan Yahya Wan , Talebian Sedehi Kamelia , Lai Kit Tay
Published: January 2017

The word Gothic refers back to the Dark ages in England. The Roman civilization was ruined by the Goths who were the barbarians at that time. As a result of the destruction of Roman Empire, the whole civilization underwent ignorance and darkness. Nowadays, the word Gothic has a variety of meaning and applications. Gothic novels portray exaggerated scenes, haunted castles, monsters and vampires. Scottish Gothic literature started after 1800. This paper will focus on one of the Scottish short stories by James Hogg, “The Mysterious Bride”. Some elements of Gothic and grotesque such as transgression of boundaries, suspense, uncanny and supernatural being are discussed within this short story in order to indicate Hogg’s main intention to use Gothic and grotesque elements in “The Mysterious Bride”. Among all the elemnts in Gothic and grotesque, this paper will mainly apply the presence of the opposites, uncanny, abnormal beings and supernatural events to James Hogg’s “The Mysterious Bride”.