bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On certain subclasses of meromorphic univalent functions associated with a differential operator
Authors: Ahmad Qazi Zahoor , Noor Khalida Inayat , Sokół Janusz
Published: July 2016

In this paper, we define new classes of meromorphic univalent
functions defined in the punctured open unit disc by using a
differential operator. Some inclusion results and coefficient
inequalities for these classes are studied.
First record and molecular identification ofToxocara catiin a Pallas’ catOtocolobus manulfrom Kyrgyzstan
Authors: Heddergott M. , Uulu K. Zhumabai , Barashkova A.N. , Frantz A.C.
Published: July 2016

In the present paper, we the report the first documented occurrence in the wild ofToxocara catiin the sole representative of the genusOtocolobus, the Pallas’ cat. The identity of the parasite was confirmed by morphological characteristics and by genetic barcoding of the second internal transcribed spacer of ribosomal DNA. The morphological measures of theT. catispecimens from the Kyrgyz Pallas’ cat were comparable to values reported. We discuss the conservation implication of our find.
Seasonality and host-parasite interrelationship ofHysterothylacium aduncum(Nematoda) in whitingMerlangius merlangusoff the southern and northern coasts of the Black Sea
Authors: Özer A. , Kornyychuk Y. M. , Yurakhno V. , Öztürk T.
Published: July 2016

In the present study, we investigated the comparative infection levels, ecology and host-parasite interrelationship of a nematodeHysterothylacium aduncum(Rudolphi, 1802) in whiting,Merlangius merlangus(L., 1758) in southern (Sinop) and northern (Balaklava Bay) coasts of the Black Sea for the first time. Fish were collected throughout a period from May 2011 to March 2014 from local fishermen. A total of 690 fish specimens near Sinop and 423 fish near Balaklava Bay were examined for parasites.Hysterothylacium aduncumwas the only nematode species identified in the digestive tract of the Black Sea whitingMerlangius merlangus. Prevalence of infection, mean intensity and mean abundance values were determined according to season, length classes and sex of fish at both localities. These infection indices were always higher in Sinop samples than those of Balaklava Bay samples.
Pyogenic liver abscess in a child with concomitant infections –Staphylococcus aureus, Echinococcus multilocularisandMycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Antolová D. , Hudáčková D. , Fecková M. , Feketeová A. , Szilágyová M.
Published: July 2016

Pyogenic liver abscess is an uncommon but important and potentially life-threatening disease that occurs whenever there is failure of clearance of an infection in the liver. Work presents a rare case of pyogenic liver abscess with confirmed bacterial aetiology ofStaphylococcus aureus, subsequently confirmedEchinococcus multilocularisand suspectedMycobacterium tuberculosisliver infection in 6 years old child. Moreover, several other parasitic diseases were recorded. According to clinical presentation of diseases, it could be supposed that liver impairment caused by alveolar echinococcosis and potentially also byM. tuberculosiscould be the predisposition site for the capture ofStaphylococcus aureusin altered liver tissues during its haematogenous spreading, and thus contributed to the development and subsequent clinical presentation of pyogenic liver abscess. The presence of three different aetiological agents complicated the diagnostic process as well as the therapy of the patient and made her prognosis uncertain. Proper diagnosis of multiloculated liver abscesses, with echinococcosis and hepatic tuberculosis considered in the differential diagnosis, is therefore crucial to administration of early and appropriate treatment.
Identification and intraspecific variability of Steinernema feltiae (Filipjev, 1934) isolates from different localities in Poland
Authors: Tumialis D. , Łopieńska M. , Mazurkiewicz A. , Pezowicz E. , Skrzecz I.
Published: July 2016

Presented study is part of a project aimed at identifying entomopathogenic nematode (EPN) species and analysing their distribution in various habitats of Poland. Here, an attempt was undertaken to determine intraspecific variability of nematodes of the species Steinernema feltiae isolated from seven different localities in central and southern Poland. Molecular characteristic and phylogenetic analysis was performed based on nucleotide sequences in the ITS region.

Research on the occurrence of EPNs in Poland have been conducted since the 1990s but there is still no data verified genetically, as well as data on the intraspecific variability of isolates Steinernema feltiae. This paper reports initial results of intraspecific variability Steinernema feltiae in Poland.
Checklist of sea turtles endohelminth in Neotropical region
Authors: Werneck M. R. , Da Silva R. J.
Published: July 2016

This paper presents a list of parasites described in sea turtles from the Neotropical region. Through the review of literature the occurrence of 79 taxa of helminthes parasites were observed, mostly consisting of the Phylum Platyhelminthes with 76 species distributed in 14 families and 2 families of the Phylum Nematoda within 3 species. Regarding the parasite records, the most studied host was the green turtle (Chelonia mydas) followed by the hawksbill turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata), olive ridley turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea), loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta) and leatherback turtle (Dermochelys coriacea). Overall helminths were reported in 12 countries and in the Caribbean Sea region. This checklist is the largest compilation of data on helminths found in sea turtles in the Neotropical region.
Design of Optical Boolean Function Generator Using Lithium Niobate-Based Mach–Zehnder Interferometer for WDM Applications
Authors: Pal Amrindra , Kumar Santosh , Sharma Sandeep
Published: July 2016

This paper includes optical Boolean function generator unit. It can generate multiple logical operations (16 operations). The device is proposed using electro-optic effect inside lithium niobate-based Mach–Zehnder interferometers (MZIs). The MZI structures have powerful capability to switching an optical input signal to a desired output port. The paper constitutes mathematical description of the device and thereafter simulation using MATLAB. The study is verified using beam propagation method.
Increased GLP-1 response to oral glucose in pre-pubertal obese children
Authors: Giannini Cosimo , Pietropaoli Nicoletta , Polidori Nella , Chiarelli Francesco , Marcovecchio Maria Loredana , Mohn Angelika
Published: July 2016

Background:

Gastrointestinal hormones, such as glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1), have been hypothesized to play a role in the pathogenesis of obesity-related complications. However, few data are available in youth. The objective of this study was to investigate the GLP-1 response to oral glucose load in obese pre-pubertal children and its relationship with insulin secretion.

Methods:

Ten pre-pubertal obese children [five boys; 10.5±1.6 years; body mass index-standard deviation score (BMI-SDS): 2.2±0.5] and 10 controls (eight boys; 9.9±1.2 years; BMI-SDS: –0.7±0.5) underwent a modified oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) to evaluate post-load glucose, insulin and GLP-1 responses. Insulin sensitivity [homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), whole body insulin sensitivity index (WBISI)] and secretion [HOMA-beta, insulinogenic index (IGI)] indexes, area under the curve (AUC) for glucose, insulin and GLP-1 were calculated.

Results:

In obese children GLP-1 AUC values were higher and correlated with BMI-SDS (r=0.45; p=0.04), HOMA-IR (r=0.53; p=0.01) and fasting glucose (r=0.68; p=0.001).

Conclusions:

Obese children showed an increased GLP-1 response to oral glucose. These changes might likely represent a compensatory mechanism to avoid post-prandial hyperglycemia and allow a normal glucose tolerance.
Can prepartum thromboelastometry-derived parameters and fibrinogen levels really predict postpartum hemorrhage?
Authors: Kaufner Lutz , Henkelmann Anne , von Heymann Christian , Feldheiser Aarne , Mickley Laura , Niepraschk-von Dollen Katja , Grittner Ulrike , Henrich Wolfgang , Bamberg Christian
Published: July 2016

Background:

Decreased postpartum rotational thromboelastometric parameters of coagulation (ROTEM®) and fibrinogen levels have been associated with postpartum hemorrhage (PPH). However, the predictive power of prepartum ROTEM® parameters and fibrinogen levels (Fbgpre) for PPH remains unknown.

Methods:

This prospective observational pilot study included 217 healthy pregnant women. Maximum clot firmness (FIBTEM-MCF), fibrinogen levels and standard coagulation parameters were measured upon admission to the delivery room for labor and within 1 h after vaginal delivery. Blood loss was measured with a calibrated collecting drape during the third stage of labor. PPH was defined as blood loss ≥500 mL. Predictors for bleeding were identified via receiver operating characteristic analyses and bivariate and multivariate regression analyses.

Results:

Women with and without PPH did not differ in median FIBTEM-MCF [23 mm (25th percentile 20 mm, 75th percentile 26 mm) vs. 23 mm (19 mm, 26 mm), respectively; P=0.710] or mean Fbgpre (4.57±0.77 g/L vs. 4.45±0.86 g/L, respectively; P=0.431). Blood loss and prepartum coagulation parameters were not correlated (FIBTEM-MCF, rs=−0.055, P=0.431; Fbgpre, rs=−0.017, P=0.810). The areas under the curves (predictive power for PPH) for FIBTEM-MCF and Fbgpre and were 0.52 (0.41–0.64, P=0.699) and 0.53 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.40–0.65, P=0.644], respectively. Neither FIBTEM-MCF nor Fbgpre was associated with PPH. However, primiparity [odds ratio (OR) 4.27, 95% CI 1.32–13.80, P=0.015) and urgent cesarean section (2.77, 1.00–7.67, P=0.050) were independent predictors of PPH.

Conclusions:

ROTEM® parameters, Fbgpre and postpartum blood loss were not associated, nor did these factors predict PPH. Sufficiently powered prospective studies are needed to confirm these results.
Field identification of Apodemus flavicollis and Apodemus sylvaticus: a quantitative comparison of different biometric measurements
Authors: Bartolommei Paola , Sozio Giulia , Bencini Cristina , Cinque Carlo , Gasperini Stefania , Manzo Emiliano , Prete Simona , Solano Emanuela , Cozzolino Roberto , Mortelliti Alessio
Published: July 2016

The identification of the wood mouse
First record of Salvin’s big-eyed bat Chiroderma salvini Dobson, 1878 for Brazil
Authors: da Rocha Patrício A. , Brandão Marcus V. , Garbino Guilherme S.T. , Cunha Irineu N. , Aires Caroline C.
Published: July 2016

The present work reports the first record of Salvin’s big-eyed bat,
Homotopy analysis transform algorithm to solve time-fractional foam drainage equation
Authors: Singh Mukesh , Naseem Mohd , Kumar Amit , Kumar Sunil
Published: July 2016

This paper emphasizes on finding the solution for a foam drainageequation using the technique of modified homotopy analysis transform method (MHATM). MHATM is a new amalgamation of the homotopy analysis method and Laplace transform method with homotopy polynomial. Comparisons are made between the results of the proposed method for different values of fractional derivative α and exact solutions. Then, we analyze the results by numerical simulations, which demonstrate the simplicity and effectiveness of the present method.
Drop coalescence in technical liquid/liquid applications: a review on experimental techniques and modeling approaches
Authors: Kamp Johannes , Villwock Jörn , Kraume Matthias
Published: July 2016

The coalescence phenomenon of drops in liquid/liquid systems is reviewed with particular focus on its technical relevance and application. Due to the complexity of coalescence, a comprehensive survey of the coalescence process and the numerous influencing factors is given. Subsequently, available experimental techniques with different levels of detail are summarized and compared. These techniques can be divided in simple settling tests for qualitative coalescence behavior investigations and gravity settler design, single-drop coalescence studies at flat interfaces as well as between droplets, and detailed film drainage analysis. To model the coalescence rate in liquid/liquid systems on a technical scale, the generic population balance framework is introduced. Additionally, different coalescence modeling approaches are reviewed with ascending level of detail from empirical correlations to comprehensive film drainage models and detailed computational fluid and particle dynamics.
Empedocles’ Cosmic Cycle and the Pythagorean Tetractys
Authors: Primavesi Oliver
Published: July 2016

Empedocles posits six fundamental principles of the world: Love, Strife and the four elements (
Elemental Change in Empedocles
Authors: Palmer John
Published: July 2016

This essay argues that Empedocles envisaged the elemental “roots” fire, water, earth, and air as having their own life cycles and undergoing their own transformations like virtually everything else in his system except Love and Strife. Empedocles conceives of the elements’ destruction and generation in terms of their losing and recovering their distinctive qualitative identities as they intermingle through Love’s agency and grow apart through Strife’s. This result makes it possible to understand the crucial verses
Herodotus’ Tragic Choruses
Authors: Wellenbach Matthew C.
Published: July 2016

A well-known passage in Herodotus’
Emotional conflict occurs at a late stage: evidence from the paired-picture paradigm
Authors: Pan Fada , Lu Qingyun , Chen Yan , Wu Xiaogang , Li Qiwei
Published: July 2016

The present study used paired-picture paradigm, where either congruent or incongruent emotional expressions were presented side by side to measure the neural correlates underlying the processing of emotional conflict effect. Event-related potentials were recorded while participants identified whether the valences of the paired-picture were consistent or not. The results showed that incongruent and congruent picture pairs both elicited larger N2 (210-310 ms) amplitudes than neutral pairs. In contrast, the conflict picture pairs elicited a larger conflict slow potential (conflict SP, 700-1000 ms) than did the positive and neutral picture pairs. There was no significant difference in conflict SP amplitudes between incongruent and congruent picture pairs (i.e., the mean amplitudes of negative and positive picture pairs). The results demonstrated that emotional information was identified and processed during the stage from about 210 ms to 310 ms. However, the emotional conflict effect did not appear until late stage (700-1000 ms). These results supported the distributed attention theory of emotions (DATE).
Sleep-wake patterns and sleep quality in urban Georgia
Authors: Sakhelashvili Irine , Eliozishvili Marine , Basishvili Tamar , Datunashvili Maia , Oniani Nikoloz , Cervena Katerina , Darchia Nato
Published: July 2016

Objectives

Sleep problems represent a worldwide health concern but their prevalence and impacts are unknown in most non-European/North American countries. This study aimed to evaluate sleep-wake patterns, sleep quality and potential correlates of poor sleep in a sample of the urban Georgian population.

Methods

Analyses are based on 395 volunteers (267 females, 128 males, aged 20-60 years) of the Georgia Somnus Study. Subjects completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Beck Depression Inventory-Short Form. Sociodemographic information and self-reported height and weight were collected.

Results

43% of subjects had poor sleep quality (PSQI > 5). Further, 41% had low sleep efficiency, 27.6% slept 6 hours or less, 32.4% went to bed after midnight, 27.6% snored, 10.6% were taking sleep medication, and 26.8% had sleep maintenance problems as occurring three or more times a week. The latest bedtime, rise time, and gender effect on these variables were found in the age group 20-29 years. PSQI global score showed a significant age but not gender difference. The economic status and the depression score were two significant predictors of sleep quality.

Conclusions

Poor sleep quality has a high prevalence and is strongly linked to the economic status. Study findings call for a global assessment of sleep problems in countries where sleep disturbances represent an insufficiently recognized public health issue.
Die königlichen Amduat-Fragmente vor der Regierungszeit Thutmosis’ III.
Authors: Abdel Ghany Khaled
Published: July 2016

After thorough comparative examination of the Amduat limestone fragments from the tombs of king Thutmose I (KV38) and queen Hatshepsut (KV20), it is my conclusion that these limestone fragments of the oldest and earliest version of the Amduat Book together are forming an entity, that this is actually one single specimen. Therefore I assume that all fragments originate from only one tomb, namely from Thutmose I (KV 38), and neither from two different tombs nor from different reigns. It therefore seems problematic to state that any of these fragments might originate from tomb KV 20. Moreover, after having discovered the earliest ever mud-plaster fragments of the Amduat Book in the tomb of Thutmose I (KV 38) in the Valley of Kings, I could prove that the Amduat Book was already known during the reign of Thutmose I.
Discovery and preliminary structure-activity relationship of the marine natural product manzamines as herpes simplex virus type-1 inhibitors
Authors: Palem Jayavardhana R. , Mudit Mudit , Hsia Shao-chung V. , Sayed Khalid A. El
Published: July 2016

Herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) is a member of alpha-herpesviridae family and is known to cause contagious human infections. The marine habitat is a rich source of structurally unique bioactive secondary metabolites. A small library of marine natural product classes1–10has been screened to discover a new hit entity active against HSV-1. Manzamine A showed potent activity against HSV-1 via targeting the viral gene ICP0. Manzamine A is a β-carboline alkaloid isolated from the Indo-Pacific spongeAcanthostrongylophoraspecies. Currently, acyclovir is the drug of choice for HSV-1 infections. Compared with 50 µM acyclovir, manzamine A at 1 µM concentration produced potent repressive effects on viral replication and release of infectious viruses in SIRC cells in recent studies. The potent anti-HSV-1 activity of manzamine A prompted a preliminary structure-activity relationship study by testing targeted manzamines. These included 8-hydroxymanzamine A (11), to test the effect of the C-8 hydroxy substitution at the β-carboline moiety; manzamine E (12), to assess the importance of substitution at the azacyclooctane ring; and ircinal A (13), to determine whether the β-carboline ring is required for the activity. Manzamine A was chemically transformed to its salt forms, manzamine A monohydrochloride (14) and manzamine A monotartrate (15), to test whether improving water solubility and hydrophilicity will positively affect the activity. Compounds were tested for activity against HSV-1 using fluorescent microscopy and plaque assay. The results showed the reduced anti-HSV-1 activity of11, suggesting that C-8 hydroxy substitution might adversely affect the activity. Similarly, manzamines12and13showed no activity against HSV-1, indicating the preference of the unsubstituted azacylcooctane and β-carboline rings to the activity. Anti-HSV-1 activity was significantly improved for the manzamine A salts14and15, suggesting that improving the overall water solubility as salt forms can significantly enhance the activity. Manzamines have significant potential for future development as anti-HSV-1 entity.
Opinión pública y percepción sobre la conservación de la reserva ecológica estatal Estero San José del Cabo y su zona de influencia / Public opinion and perception on the conservation of Estero San José del Cabo state ecological reserve
Authors: Olmos-Martínez Elizabeth , Arizpe-Covarrubias Oscar , Contreras-Loera Marcela Rebeca , González-Ávila María Eugenia , Casas-Beltrán Diego Armando
Published: July 2016

El objetivo de esta investigación es conocer el grado de conocimiento de la población que vive y/o trabaja en la zona de influencia del Estero San José del Cabo sobre la conservación del área, así como su opinión y percepción sobre el desempeño y trabajo del gobierno sobre acciones para la conservación. Durante 2014 aplicó una encuesta cualitativa y cuantitativa. Los resultados muestran que 93% conoce lo que es un ANP, 77% percibe beneficios al vivir/trabajar cerca de un ANP, solo 38% conoce la existencia del programa de manejo, 36% percibe que sus actividades económicas y sociales fueron afectadas tras la creación del ANP, 23% percibe mejora en oportunidades de empleo; 74% opina que la vigilancia de los administradores es nula, 65% de ellos perciben que no se invierten recursos financieros, humanos e infraestructura para el manejo de la reserva. Finalmente 52% opinan que la aplicación de instrumentos normativos y sanciones administrativas es nula.
Envejecimiento, ciencia y publicidad de cosméticos. La eternidad en una gota de crema / Aging, science and cosmetics advertising. Eternity in a drop of cream
Authors: López Cantos Francisco
Published: July 2016

En esta investigación nos ocupamos del discurso sobre la vejez que se promociona en los productos cosméticos antienvejecimiento. Utilizando la metodología propia de la Ground Theory y software específico para el análisis de contenido, analizamos el discurso publicitario de los productos de mayor consumo en este sector del mercado de la belleza. Como resultado de nuestro trabajo identificamos la estructura del discurso publicitario y podemos concluir que la promoción del no-envejecimiento hace uso intensivo de metáforas asociadas a la Ciencia y la Naturaleza para su conformación en ideología contemporánea.
Reliability of the Kinetics of British Army Foot Drill in Untrained Personnel
Authors: Rawcliffe Alex J. , Simpson Richard J. , Graham Scott M. , Psycharakis Stelios G. , Moir Gavin L. , Connaboy Chris
Published: July 2016

Rawcliffe, AJ, Simpson, RJ, Graham, SM, Psycharakis, SG, Moir, GL, and Connaboy, C. Reliability of the kinetics of British Army foot drill in untrained personnel. J Strength Cond Res 31(2): 435–444, 2017—The purpose of this study was to quantify the reliability of kinetic variables of British Army foot drill performance within untrained civilians and report the magnitude of vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) and vertical rate of force development (RFD) of foot drills. Fifteen recreational active males performed 3 testing sessions across a 1-week period, with each session separated by 24 hours. Within each testing session participants (mean ± SD; age 22.4 ± 1.7 years; height 177 ± 5.6 cm; weight 83 ± 8.7 kg) completed 10 trials of stand-at-attention (SaA), stand-at-ease (SaE), Halt, quick-march (QM) and a normal walking gait, with vGRF and vertical RFD measured on a force plate. Between-session and within-session reliability was calculated as systematic bias, coefficient of variation calculated from the typical error (CVte%), and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Significant (p ≤ 0.05) between-session differences were found for the vGRF SaA and SaE, and vertical RFD SaA and SaE conditions. Significant (p ≤ 0.05) within-session differences were found for the vGRF SaA and SaE conditions. A mean vGRF CVte% ≤10% was observed across all foot drills. However, the mean vertical RFD CVte% observed was ≥10% (excluding SaE) across all foot drills. The ICC analyses indicated that the vGRF Halt, QM, SaA, and Walk condition achieved moderate to large levels of test–retest reliability, with only SaE failing to achieve an ICC value ≥0.75. The vertical RFD QM, SaE, and Walk condition achieved moderate levels of test–retest reliability, with Halt and SaA failing to achieve an ICC value ≥0.75. It was determined that a single familiarization session and using the mean of 8 trials of vGRF are required to achieve acceptable levels of reliability.
Analisis Terhadap Kemampuan Doing Mathematics Mahasiswa Pada Perkuliahan Kapita Selekta Matematika Sekolah
Authors: Hidayat Asep Syarif , Cahya Endang , Wahyudin Wahyudin
Published: July 2016

Salah satu indikator keberhasilan Sekolah Matematika belajar adalah realisasi maksimal matematika kompetensi melakukan melibatkan pemecahan masalah, penalaran, komunikasi, koneksi, representasi, dan pemahaman konseptual, diwujudkan dalam kebiasaan berpikir dan melakukan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan survei dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Sekolah Matematika digest belajar untuk melakukan matematika kompetensi siswa, dan perbaikannya. Para siswa yang dipilih sebagai subjek penelitian adalah mereka yang mengambil Sekolah Matematika Digest 1 saja, di semester genap dari 2013-2014. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Sekolah Matematika Digest 1 tentu saja memiliki pengaruh yang kuat pada peningkatan kompetensi melakukan matematika siswa, baik komponen dengan komponen dan sepenuhnya, yaitu, kompetensi penalaran, komunikasi, koneksi, representasi, pemahaman konseptual, dan membuktikan. Selain itu, ditemukan bahwa 86% siswa dari matematika pemecahan masalah kompetensi yang sangat baik, sisanya 14% berada pada tingkat cukup. Sementara itu, kualitas peningkatan kompetensi melakukan matematika siswa, baik komponen dengan komponen dan sepenuhnya, jatuh ke dalam kategori yang adil.

One of the indicators of the success of School Mathematics learning is the maximal realization of the doing mathematics competences involving problem solving, reasoning, communication, connection, representation, and conceptual comprehension, realized in the habits of thinking and doing. The research was a descriptive research by a survey approach intended to determine the influence of School Mathematics digest learning on students’ doing mathematics competence, and its improvement. The students selected as the subjects of research were those who took School Mathematics Digest 1 course, in the even semester of 2013-2014. The research findings showed that School Mathematics Digest 1 course has a strong influence on the improvement of the students’ doing mathematics competence, both component by component and wholly, i.e., reasoning competence, communication, connection, representation, conceptual comprehension, and proving. In addition, it was found that 86% students were of very good mathematic problem solving competence, the remaining 14% being at an insufficient level. Meanwhile, the quality of the improvement of students’ doing mathematics competence, both component by component and wholly, fell into a category of fair.
Pengembangan Soal Penalaran Model TIMSS Konteks Sumatera Selatan di Kelas IX SMP
Authors: Hazlita Hazlita , Zulkardi Zulkardi , Darmawijoyo Darmawijoyo
Published: July 2016

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan soal-soal penalaran model TIMSS konteks Sumatera Selatan yang valid dan praktis dan untuk melihat efek potensial soal matematika tipe TIMSS konteks Sumatera Selatan terhadap kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas IX SMPN 9 Palembang yang berjumlah 29 orang. Metode penelitian adalah penelitian pengembangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 37,93% siswa menunjukkan tingkat kemampuan penalaran matematis yang baik. Sebanyak 55,17% siswa menunjukkan tingkat kemampuan penalaran matematis yang cukup dan sebanyak 6,90% siswa menunjukkan tingkat kemampuan penalaran matematis yang kurang. Berdasarkan hasil tes tersebut, jika nilai rata-rata siswa siswa sebesar 39,24 dijadikan sebagai batas acuan, maka bisa disimpulkan bahwa 31,03% siswa memiliki kemampuan penalaran matematis yang kurang, sementara 68,97% siswa sudah memiliki kemampuan pelanaran matematis yang cukup baik.

 

Kata Kunci: Soal Penalaran; TIMSS; Konteks Sumatera Selatan

 

 

Abstract

The aim of this research was developing valid and practical TIMSS reasoning problem on mathematics context of South Sumatra. The subjects of this research were 29 students of class IX SMPN 9 Palembang. The method of research is the development of research. The results showed that 37.93% of students showed levels of good mathematical reasoning abilities, 55.17% of students showed levels sufficient mathematical reasoning ability and 6.90% of students showed levels of mathematical reasoning abilities are lacking. Based on the test results, if the 39.24 was determined as minimum limit of success, it means that 31.03% of students have less mathematical reasoning ability, while 68.97% of students already have sufficient mathematical reasoning ability.

 

Keywords: Problem Reasoning; TIMSS; Context South Sumatra
Desain Pembelajaran Materi Luas Permukaan Prisma Menggunakan Pendekatan PMRI bagi Siswa Kelas VIII
Authors: Trisnawati Djuwita , Putri Ratu Ilma Indra , Santoso B.
Published: July 2016

Penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan lintasan belajar untuk membantu siswa dalam pembelajaran luas permukaan prisma menggunakan kemasan produk di kelas VIII SMP. Penelitian ini berdasarkan PMRI yang dikaitkan dengan pembelajaran Kurikulum 2006/KTSP. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah design research type validation study yang bertujuan untuk membuktikan teori-teori pembelajaran. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMP Negeri 24 Palembang dengan melibatkan siswa kelas VIII yang berjumlah 31 siswa. Aktivitas-aktivitas pembelajaran yang dilakukan siswa meliputi: 1) memahami bentuk dan sifat prisma, 2) menemukan dan memahami konsep luas permukaan prisma, dan 3) menyelesaikan permasalahan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari yang berhubungan dengan luas permukaan prisma. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa melalui serangkaian aktivitas yang telah dilakukan membantu siswa dalam pembelajaran luas permukaan prisma.

This research aimed to produce learning trajectory in learning surface area of prism using product packaging in class VIII. This study was based PMRI associated with learning curriculum 2006 / KTSP. The method used was design research of type validation study that aimed to prove the theories of learning. The research was conducted on 31 students of class VIII SMPN 24 Palembang. Students learning activities that were conducted including: (1) comprehending the shape and the characteristic of prism, (2) finding and comprehending the concept surface area of prism, and (3) solving the problems in daily life related to the surface area of prism. The results of this study indicate that a series of activities can help students in learning surface area of prism.
CFD Modeling of Film Cooling Flow with Inclined Jets
Authors: Majid A. Almas
Published: July 2016

Film cooling has been widely used to control temperature of high temperature and high pressure blades. In a film cooled blade the air taken from last compressor stages is ejected through discrete holes drilled on blade surface to provide a cold layer between hot mainstream and turbine components. A comprehensive understanding of phenomena concerning the complex interaction of hot gasses with coolant flows in a vane passage plays a major role in the definition of a well performing film cooling scheme. In this study turbulent film cooling flow has been studied numerically. The computational simulation is conducted by employing the Reynolds Averaged Navier-­Stokes (RANS) approach. The standard k-e  model with enhanced wall treatment has been implemented for modeling the turbulent flow. Effects of different cooling holes temperature have been studied on the surface of the blade and as results show the temperature of the surface reduces significantly as the temperatures of the cooling holes decreases.
Positioning the Angle of Attack Sensor on an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Wing
Authors: Amir Hossein Birjandi  , Valentin Guerry  , Eric Bibeau  , Hamidreza Bolandhemmat  , Kaiwen Xu 
Published: July 2016

Two vane type angle of attack sensors, small and large, are tested on the suction surface of a wing of an unmanned aerial vehicle to evaluate the wing interference with angle of attack reading. Tests are performed in the University of Manitoba¢‚¬„¢s wind tunnel with the maximum Reynolds number of 4.5 x 105 to find the optimal location to place sensors on the wing. Each angle of attack sensor is tested at four positions on the wing to investigate the impact of flow deflection caused by the presence of the wing on the sensor readings. Results show that readings are highly sensitive to the normal clearance between the wing and the angle of attack sensor. Accuracy of sensor readings increases by increasing normal clearance. Spanwise placements indicate that the minimum wing interference with angle of attack sensor readings occurs when the sensor is placed beyond the wing tip. To investigate the effect of ailerons on angle of attack sensor readings, sensors are also tested with half, full and with no aileron deflection positions. The effect of aileron deflection is noticeable in large angle of attack sensor readings, while it has a negligible effect on the small sensor readings.
Bimetallic Alloy of Fe2O3-Ag Nanoparticles: Characterization and Structural Modeling
Authors: Ruíz-Baltazar A. , Esparza R. , López-Miranda J.L , Rosas G. , Pérez R.
Published: July 2016

The synthesis of Fe3O4-Ag bimetallic nanoparticles by chemical reduction was carried out. Fe nanoparticles were obtained using Fe (III) Chloride hexahydrate (FeCl3•6H2O) as precursor and sodium borohydride (NaBH4) as reducing agent, subsequently, a solution of silver nitrate (AgNO3) was added to the reaction. The synthesis methodology employed in this case, is a modification of chemical reduction method. Through this procedure has been possible simplify the synthesis route used to obtain bimetallic systems such as Fe3O4-Ag. Particles with semi-spherical morphology were observed. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HREM), ultraviolet visible spectroscopy (UV-is) and quasi-elastic light scattering (QELS) techniques were employed for the structural characterization of Fe3O4-Ag nanostructures. Some models presented describe and prove the formation of the Fe3O4-Ag alloy type structures.
Surface quality evaluation of hot deformed aluminum
Authors: Espinosa Zúñiga L.A. , Pérez González F.A. , Zapata O. , Garza Montes de Oca N.F. , Haro S.
Published: July 2016

The surface quality of a heat treatable Al-Si-Mg alloy by means compression tests at 450°C was evaluated. Samples were obtained from an ingot with unidirectional solidification in order to obtain a microstructural gradient influenced by the cooling and solidification rate. The samples were heat treated by homogenization at 520°C for 4 hours prior to deformation by compression. Inverted optical and scanning electron microscopes were used to assess the surface damage of deformed samples.

Analysis of deformed surface indicates a greater influence of microstructural refinement on hardening rate. It was found that the samples solidified at high cooling rates showed no defects, but at low cooling rates produced growth of grain size and intermetallic phases and thereby the high incidence of cracks in the surface.
We are the Sons of the Southern Cross
Authors: Hoad Catherine
Published: July 2016

Australia's extreme metal scenes have developed largely in isolation from not only the rest of the world, but also one another. Nonetheless, extreme metal scenes throughout the Australian continent share common sentiments of national identity that allow for the formation of an imagined community across disparate locales. Such nationalistic sentiment, realized through the reiteration of the masculinist master symbols of Australian identity, enables an imagined community to be sustained across extreme metal scenes. This article explores how music functions as a medium through which communities can be imagined and boundaries between them drawn. Australian extreme metal scenes construct and maintain a sense of nationhood and community in exclusionary, rather than conciliatory ways. The particular experience of belonging offered by Australian extreme metal scenes is hence marked by rigid parameters of what, or who, may constitute "Australianness" in the image of such communion.
“Spark and Cultivate”
Authors: Strong Catherine , Morris Evelyn
Published: July 2016

LISTEN is a Melbourne-based feminist collective focused on improving the position of women in the music industry, in part achieved through improving the documentation of women’s contribution to music. This article includes an interview with founder Evelyn Morris and gives an overview of the development and achievements of LISTEN, whilst placing it in the context of feminist activism in Australia. Morris discusses how LISTEN gave form to the dissatisfaction that was being felt by many women in the Melbourne music scene, and quickly became a hub for a variety of feminist activity. She also elaborates on her own perspectives on what feminism entails, and the recent increase in activism in this area.
Editors’ Introduction
Authors: Krüger Simone , Baker Sarah
Published: July 2016

Editors’ Introduction
Diverse Approaches to Herbicide-Resistant Weed Management
Authors: Owen Micheal D. K.
Published: July 2016

Herbicides have been the principal means of weed control in developed countries for approximately 50 yr because they are the most cost-effective method. Such general use of herbicides has resulted in weed resistance to herbicides, which continues to be a growing problem. Within the past decade, the evolution of resistance to the once-dominant herbicide glyphosate has resulted in major concerns about the future ability to control weeds in many crop systems. Moreover, many weed species have evolved resistance to multiple mechanisms of herbicide action. Given the dearth of new herbicides with novel mechanisms of action, it appears inevitable that weed management programs will need to be supplemented by the use of tactics other than herbicides. However, the inclusion of more diversity for weed management also introduces complexity, cost, and time constraints to current crop production systems. This paper describes broadly the considerations, opportunities, and constraints of diverse weed management tactics to address the burgeoning problems with herbicide resistance.
A New Approach to Weed Management to Mitigate Herbicide Resistance in Argentina
Authors: Rubione Claudio , Ward Sarah M.
Published: July 2016

The evolution of herbicide-resistant weeds is a major concern in the corn- and soybean-producing Pampas region of Argentina, where growers predominantly plant glyphosate-resistant crop varieties and depend heavily on glyphosate for weed control. Currently, 16 weed species in Argentina are resistant to one or more of three different herbicide mechanisms of action, and resistant weed populations continue to increase, posing a serious threat to agricultural production. Implementation of integrated weed management to address herbicide resistance faces significant barriers in Argentina, especially current land ownership and rental patterns in the Pampas. More than 60% of Pampas cropland is rented to tenants for periods that rarely exceed 1 yr, resulting in crop rotation being largely abandoned, and crop export taxes and quotas have further discouraged wheat and corn production in favor of continuous soybean production. In this paper we discuss ways to facilitate new approaches to weed management in Argentina, including legal and economic reforms and the formation of a national committee of stakeholders from public and private agricultural sectors.
Dynamic behaviour and collapses of early suspension bridges
Authors: Tilly Graham P.
Published: July 2016

In the mid-1800s a number of the early suspension bridges collapsed for various reasons, some with loss of life. In this paper, four collapses caused by pedestrians are re-visited; Broughton and Angers failed when excessive vibrations were imposed by marching troops, Montrose and Yarmouth failed when crowds rushed from one side to the other to watch events passing beneath. It was found that both the failures caused by troops were at the suspension anchorages. Those caused by asymmetric crowd loading were in the main chains at badly forge-welded connections. Poor-quality iron, and shortfalls in design and constructions were identified as contributory causes. In the aftermath of the collapses it was recommended that troops should break step when crossing bridges, structures should be periodically inspected and chains should be load-tested. Unfortunately these actions were not mandatory and an order for troops to break step was the only one to be generally adopted at the time. Various design schemes were adopted to limit vibrations but the single most important was to stiffen decks by the addition of truss-parapets, as adopted by Rendel after Montrose Bridge was damaged by wind in 1838. Dynamically lively bridges continue to be designed to this day, sometimes unwittingly, sometimes knowingly.
Investigations following structural failure of a roof in Canada
Authors: Zmigrodzki Stefan
Published: July 2016

This paper discusses a complex, multi-parameter approach to questioning the capacity of the roof of an industrial facility in the Montreal area. The failure of a portion of the roof in March 2008 under heavier than usual snow loads triggered an investigation process that continues to this day. The roof was immediately repaired in order to allow the facility to continue its commercial activities. After the repair, an investigation of the snow loads on the roof was first conducted; this was followed by an assessment of the capacity of the roof joists and beams as designed and as built. An evaluation of the snow loads surrounding mechanical units on the roof was conducted. The building was erected in the 1960s and a significant number of changes took place following an expansion of the facility, including an addition with a roof higher than that of the existing building. The new elevated roof reduced the wind effects and created significant snow accumulation not only around the higher roof but also surrounding the mechanical units present almost everywhere. In the assessment of the joists, particular attention was paid to the welds between the web and the chords; these welds were at the origin of the failure of the roof as a whole. An evaluation of the mechanical equipment suspended from the joists was also carried out. An overall assessment of the structural system for earthquake resistance ultimately led to a seismic evaluation of the building, which is currently underway.
Confidential reporting on structural safety
Authors: Soane Alastair
Published: July 2016

The Confidential Reporting on Structural Safety scheme was established in 2005 by the Standing Committee on Structural Safety to collect, analyse and publish personal reports about failures and the safety of structures. The objective is to learn from the experiences of engineers and help to prevent future failures. Names of authors are confidential and identifying features from event descriptions are removed. A panel of experts provides commentary on the lessons that can be learned, and the reports and comments are published online in quarterly newsletters and added to the searchable database. When a trend is detected, action is taken to influence changes in culture and practice and, when possible, in standards or legislation. There are plans to expand the scheme internationally.
Structural capacity assessment of corroded RC bridge piers
Authors: Kashani Mohammad M. , Crewe Adam J. , Alexander Nicholas A.
Published: July 2016

A new numerical model is developed that enables simulation of the non-linear flexural response of reinforced concrete (RC) components and sections with corroded reinforcement. The numerical model employs a displacement-based beam–column element using the classical Hermitian shape function. Material non-linearity is accounted for by updating element stiffness matrices using the moment–curvature response of the element section considering uniform stiffness over the element. The cover concrete strength is adjusted to account for corrosion-induced cover cracking and the core confined concrete strength and ductility are adjusted to account for corrosion-induced damage to the transverse reinforcement. The numerical model is validated against a benchmark experiment on a corroded RC column subject to lateral cyclic loading. The verified model is then used to explore the impact of corrosion on the inelastic response and the residual capacity of corroded RC sections. The results show that considering the effect of corrosion damage on RC sections changes the failure mode of RC columns.
Walton Bridge – a new arch bridge over the River Thames, UK
Authors: Hendy Chris R. , Smith David A. , Chiarello Manuela
Published: July 2016

Walton Bridge comprises a steel thrust arch with pad foundations supporting a steel–concrete composite ladder deck. The arch ribs have parabolic profile and varying hexagonal cross-section, tapering from springing points to crown, and span 96·1 m. The total rise of the arch is 14·77 m with a span to rise ratio of 6·5. The bridge deck is suspended from the arch by bar-type hangers. Continuous end spans carry the bridge deck between the arch and end abutments, which are full-height reinforced concrete. This paper discusses the method of design employed, including the impact of construction methodology and environmental constraints, together with analysis of aerodynamic effects. It focuses on a number of innovations that were introduced and challenges that were resolved. Two key issues had to be addressed. First, the arch design utilising plastic section properties with reductions to account for the continuously curved steel plating making up the arch ribs. This required local non-linear analysis to demonstrate that the curved arch plating had similar, but slightly reduced, strength and ductility to an equivalent flat plate with the same width and thickness. Hand calculation methods were developed from the results of the analysis. Second, the design and specification of bar-type arch hangers for brittle fracture and fatigue, with insufficient industry guidance on either subject: there is little codified guidance on toughness requirements for bars or on fatigue testing taking angular tolerances at end connections into account, arising both from initial setting-out tolerances and displacements in service from variable actions including temperature effects.
Thermal conductivity studies on cement-stabilised soil blocks
Authors: Balaji Nallaval Chinnaswamy , Mani Monto , Venkatarama Reddy Byrasandra Venkataramanappa
Published: July 2016

This study investigates thermal conductivity of cement-stabilised soil blocks (CSSBs) for varying mix proportions and fluctuating operating temperatures. CSSB comprises a compressed mix of soil, sand and cement, which determines its thermal conductivity. In real working conditions, building materials operate at varying temperatures, more evident in tropical regions. However, most studies report a single thermal conductivity value independent of its operating temperature. The varying mix proportions of CSSBs studied include three different clay contents, four different cement contents and three dry densities. The results reveal an increase in thermal conductivity in response to increasing clay content, cement content and densities of the blocks. An increase in cement content from 5 to 16% resulted in a 30·3% increase in thermal conductivity and a 100 kg/m3 increase in density yields nearly a 12·5% increase in thermal conductivity. Thermal conductivities of the blocks have also been tested at varying temperatures of 25, 35, 45, 55 and 65°C. An increase in temperature increases the thermal conductivity of the blocks. This paper examines and explains this variation in thermal conductivity and the performance of CSSBs in comparison with burnt clay bricks and concrete blocks.