bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Giant Cell Arteritis and COVID-19: Similarities and Discriminators. A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Mehta Puja , Sattui Sebastian E. , van der Geest Kornelis S.M. , Brouwer Elisabeth , Conway Richard , Putman Michael S. , Robinson Philip C. , Mackie Sarah L.
Published: October 2020

Objective.

To identify shared and distinct features of giant cell arteritis (GCA) and coronavirus disease 2019

(COVID-19) to reduce diagnostic errors that could cause delays in correct treatment.

Methods.

Two systematic literature reviews determined the frequency of clinical features of GCA and COVID-19 in published reports. Frequencies in each disease were summarized using medians and ranges.

Results.

Headache was common in GCA but was also observed in COVID-19 (GCA 66%, COVID-19 10%). Jaw claudication or visual loss (43% and 26% in GCA, respectively) generally were not reported in COVID-19. Both diseases featured fatigue (GCA 38%, COVID-19 43%) and elevated inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein [CRP] elevated in 100% of GCA, 66% of COVID-19), but platelet count was elevated in 47% of GCA but only 4% of COVID-19 cases. Cough and fever were commonly reported in COVID-19 and less frequently in GCA (cough, 63% for COVID-19 vs 12% for GCA; fever, 83% for COVID-19 vs 27% for GCA). Gastrointestinal upset was occasionally reported in COVID-19 (8%), rarely in GCA (4%). Lymphopenia was more common in COVID-19 than GCA (53% in COVID-19, 2% in GCA). Alteration of smell and taste have been described in GCA but their frequency is unclear.

Conclusion.

Overlapping features of GCA and COVID-19 include headache, fever, elevated CRP and cough. Jaw claudication, visual loss, platelet count and lymphocyte count may be more discriminatory. Physicians should be aware of the possibility of diagnostic confusion. We have designed a simple checklist to aid evidence-based evaluation of patients with suspected GCA.
A study on industrial-scale waste utilization in construction material production: the use of fly ash in GRP composite pipe
Authors: Beycioğlu A. , Mis H. , Güner E. D. , Güner H. , Gökçe N.
Published: October 2020

This study presents a new approach to the utilization of industrial by-products in construction materials by using fly ash (FA) in the production of glass fiber-reinforced polyester (GRP) pipe. The FA was substituted by 10% and 20% (by weight of sand) in the mixtures to produce GRP pipes of 350 mm in diameter and 6 m in length for testing. Stiffness modulus (SM), axial tensile strength (ATS), and hoop tensile strength (HTS) tests were conducted on the produced GRP pipes and their elasticity modulus (EM) values were also calculated. To observe the microstructure of the GRP pipes and the interfacial transition zone of the layers, SEM and microscopic analyses were performed. Furthermore, a strain-corrosion test was conducted to obtain information about long term-performance of samples. The results showed that the FA-filled GRP pipes were found to meet the requirements of the related standards, and that the use of FA in the GRP pipe industry may be an important alternative approach to the utilization of industrial wastes via effective recycling mechanisms.
Mobile Application Design of Learning Word in Lamaholot Language for Children Using User-Centered Design
Authors: Watomakin Dominikus Boli , Santoso Albertus Joko , Suyoto Suyotp
Published: October 2020

Indonesia is a country with a variety of regional languages that characterize the nation. Every region in Indonesia has its local language and with its dialect and is characteristic of the region. Regional languages have become a long-established identity. Unknowingly, Indonesia is experiencing an increasingly rapid cultural change in which young genes are already in a condition where many require them not to use their local language. Also, data collected by UNESCO shows that there are approximately 30 regional languages that are endangered and, on average, are in eastern Indonesia. Facing the existing problems, this study aims to help young people to get to know their local languages through mobile applications. The local language used as research is the “lamaholot” language, which is one of the native languages of the people of East Flores Regency and uses the user-centered design method. The design will be tailored to the user so that it can be more attractive and according to user needs. Respondents were taken as many as 147 children with an average age between 10 years to 14 years who are people in East Flores Regency.
Cooperative Methods and Development of Social Competence in Training of Technical Teachers
Authors: Tomory Ibolya
Published: October 2020

The requirements of job market nowdays put emphasys on the importance of emotional intelligence and social behaviour. This fact determines the educational requirements of future teachers. One offthe efficient ways for this is to use imp-roving and student focused methods.

In this particular study we introduce a small part of the results of an experi-mental program that helped to acknowledge some of the cooperative methods and the improvement of soical skills among the participants.

From 2015, by the ivolvement of more and more new students groups the students experienced using the methods, the effects of them and the individual use fo them during the pedagogy program. According to the results and feed-backs we can that we got the following result like the imporvement of social skills,the usage of these skills in the future, the need of getting to know new methods and the deeper connection towards students.

Prior methodological knowledge and the measurement of participants' social skills are the subject of another study. Here, attitudes and opinions about joint work and changes, as well as some aspects of the development of social compe-tence, are summarized.
Intelligent Chatbot-LDA Recommender System
Authors: Benjelloun Touimi Yassine , Hadioui Abdeladim , El Faddouli Noureddine , Bennani Samir
Published: October 2020

With the proliferation of distance platforms, in particular that of an open access such as Massive Online Open Courses (MOOC), the learner finds himself overwhelmed with data which are not all efficient for his interest. Besides, the MOOC has tools that allow learners to seek information, express their ideas, and participate in discussions in an online forum. This tool is a huge repository of rich data, which continues to evolve, however its exploitation is fiddly in the search for information relevant to the learner. Similarly, the task of the tutor seems to be difficult in management of a large number of learners. To this end, the development of a Chatbot able to meet the requests of learners in a natural language is necessary to the deroulement a course in the MOOC. The ChatBot plays the role of assistant and guide for the learners and for the tutors. However, ChatBot responses come from a knowledge base, which must be relevant. Knowledge extraction to answer questions is a difficult task due to the number of MOOC participants. Learners' interactions with the MOOC platform gen-erate massive information, particularly in discussion forums by seeking answers to their questions. Identifying and extracting knowledge from online forums requires collaborative interactions between learners. In this article we propose a new approach to answer learners' questions in a relevant and instantaneous way in a ChatBot in natural language. Our model is based on the LDA Bayesian statistical method, applied to threads posted in the forum and classifies them to provide the learner with a rich semantic response. These threads taken from the discussion forum in the form of knowledge will enrich the ChatBot knowledge database. In parallel, we will map the extracted knowledge to ontology, to provide the learner with pedagogical resources that will serve as learning support.
Using Digital Games for Enhancing EFL Grammar and Vocabulary in Higher Education
Authors: Castillo-Cuesta Luz
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze the use of digital games to enhance English as a Foreign Language (EFL) grammar and vocabulary in the English Major of Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, in southern Ecuador. A total of 68 students from B1 level, according to the Common European Frame-work of Reference for Languages (CEFR), participated in this study. All the par-ticipants were enrolled in two different classes of a Communicative Grammar course. A mixed-method approach was used to collect and analyze data in this study. Pre and post-questionnaires as well as writing rubrics were applied as in-struments. Digital games were implemented throughout an academic term of 5 months in which students received permanent feedback. The results show that digital games were useful to improve learners´ grammar in aspects concerning the use of modals, gerunds, and infinitives; also, students showed an improvement in their vocabulary knowledge, especially in topics related to jobs and education.
MACROSCOPIC AND MICROSCOPIC INJURIES OF PATIENTS AFFECT-ED BY COVID-19
Authors: Evangelista Bezerril Juliana , Machado João Paulo , Albino Silva Samara , Tatiana Granja-Salcedo Yury
Published: October 2020

After the first report of an outbreak of acute respiratory syndrome in China in December 2019, a new coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome - coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was identified. Despite to the high number of cases and deaths, limited information is available regarding the pathogenesis and injuries caused by the new coronavirus. This study aims to carry out a literature review concerning the macroscopic and microscopic aspects of the disease, since the progression of the disease is closely related to the viral action and the cellular and tissue response in the lesions caused by it. In conclusion COVID-19 is a disease that can affect all types of body tissues. The lesions affect mainly the pulmonary parenchyma and are usually macroscopically observed as consolidation areas, and histologically as plasmacytic lymphoid interstitial pneumonia and with neutrophil infiltration, already observed lesions outside the lung are mainly due to the inflammatory action of lymphocytes and histiocytes, and to the intense production of cytokines with systemic action
Neuro-mechanical aspects of playing-related mobility disorders in orchestra violinists and upper strings players: a review
Authors: Mizrahi Joseph
Published: October 2020

Orchestra musicians are at high risk of neuro-mechanical disorders due to the intense stresses their body withstand, leading to pain and injury. This review presents a comprehensive account of the works on the circumstances and types of playing related mobility disorders of upper strings players, as well as on the relevant neuro-mechanical factors and perspectives to those disorders. The following aspects are considered: asymmetry and imbalance in the musculo-skeletal system, muscle-bone-joint interactions, repetitive overloading and fatigue. An additional factor relates to neuro-muscular redundancy in the motor system, whereby more muscles and tendons than strictly necessary are engaged in performing a motor task, thus making the system indeterminate, with no unique solution. This same task can be performed with different muscle combinations. It is thus of interest to verify whether playing disorders may be alleviated by considering alternative techniques of performance.
Balance and muscle strength tests in patients with osteoporotic vertebral fractures to develop tailored rehabilitation programs
Authors: Makarova Ekaterina V , Marchenkova Larisa A , Eryomushkin Mikhail A , Styazkina Elena M , Chesnikova Ekaterina I
Published: October 2020

Authors perform a cross-sectional study of functional abilities of the patients with osteoporotic VF. Trunk muscle isometric strength and balance impairments were estimated. The development of osteoporotic VFs is associated with a significant decrease in strength of all the body muscles, especially the deep spinal stabilization system (TE, TF), where the VFs contribute to inappropriate distribution of back muscle strength with TE:TF ration of 1:1 instead of 3:2, observed both normally and in patients with uncomplicated osteoporosis. There is also a deterioration of stabilometry and functional balance assessment tests in patients with pathological VFs, which indicates abnormalities of both static and dynamic balance. The obtained data should be taken into account when developing rehabilitation programmes for patients with osteoporosis who have suffered compression VFs.
Assessing Primary Health Care Nurses’ Knowledge toward Immunizations: A Quantitative Study
Authors: Abdulla Ebtesam , Johnson Jessie , Munir Sadia , O'Dwyer Robin
Published: October 2020

Background

The current nursing workforce needs to be skilled, confident, and competent to address the rapid change in Primary Health Care services, to align with the National Vision of Qatar. This is emphasized in the Primary Health Care Strategy 2018-2023. This strategy outlines the need of having a skilled nursing workforce to administer and educate the public about the importance of immunizations. Primary Health Care nurses emanate from several nationalities and hence possess various level of knowledge and background related to immunization administration.

Design and methods

To assess Primary Health Care nurses’ knowledge before and after the delivered immunization education program in Qatar. The study was part of a Sequential mixed method research study that aimed to assess the Primary Health Care nurses’ knowledge, attitude, and practice of nurses before and after the conducted training program. A self-administered survey, specifically developed for the research project was loaded in Qualtrics and sent to participants of the immunization education program before and after training. Participants were trained in two cohorts from October to December, 2018 in Qatar. For the purposes of this paper, data about the immunization knowledge was statistically analyzed using the SPSS Software version 25 and Microsoft Excel.

Results

Specific areas were identified as knowledge gaps among the participants of the two cohorts. Moreover, the developed education program showed overall improvement in the participants’ knowledge.

Conclusions

The study results have demonstrated that the delivered immunization education program significantly increases the participants’ knowledge about immunization in certain areas of the primary healthcare clinics they work, including vaccine safety, efficiency, and contraindications in the delivery of vaccines to the public.
Looking to Improve Your Practice? Consider the Science of Quality Improvement to Get Started
Authors: Valier Alison R. Snyder
Published: October 2020

Quality improvement in health care is the responsibility of everyone (eg, patients, families, health providers, and administrative staff) to work toward delivering high-quality patient care, advancing professional knowledge and skills, and creating effective and efficient processes of care. Those involved in athletic health care, similar to other health care professionals, should strive to create patient care experiences that are safe, timely, effective, efficient, equitable, and patient centered. Exploring the differences between quality improvement and research will help define the focus of improvement sciences on the health of systems, which is to identify quality gaps and evaluate processes of care, as opposed to filling knowledge gaps. Furthermore, considering the principles of quality improvement will set the foundation for quality initiatives in health care to focus on patients, value teams, emphasize systems and processes of care, appreciate variability, and require data. With a greater understanding of the principles of the quality improvement sciences, athletic trainers will be better positioned to create a culture of quality improvement and to take the initiative in leading improvement efforts so that local systems support the delivery of high-quality patient care.
Case report on congenital syngnathia
Authors: Ladani Parit , Balse Niyati Satish , Jayakar Bhalchandra , Sailer Hermann
Published: October 2020

Syngnathia is an extremely rare craniofacial malformation affecting the upper and lower jaws, in particular, and adjacent bony and soft tissues, to lesser or greater extent. Fusion of jaws leads to complications such as compromised airway and breathing, feeding difficulty, and poor growth. An early multidisciplinary intervention, surgery at the appropriate time, and meticulous postoperative monitoring are most imperative in its management. We describe a case of a 6-month-old child with congenital syngnathia that was managed successfully. Four-year follow-up revealed satisfactory outcomes and the need for corrective jaw surgeries after growth completion for improved function and esthetics. Anesthesia considerations, feeding, surgical management, postoperative care, and follow-up as well as growth regulation have been discussed in detail.
Antimicrobial activity of the crude extracts of Parkia biglobosa (Jacq) seeds on selected clinical isolates
Authors: Ajiboye AE , Hammed BA
Published: October 2020

Parkia biglobosa (Jacq) is a wild leguminous plant found in North-Central zone of Nigeria with high calorific value, essential proteins, fatty acids, and vitamins. The study investigated the antimicrobial activity of crude extracts of fermented and unfermented P. biglobosa seeds on selected clinical microbial isolates namely, Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. P. biglobosa seeds were obtained from Oja-Oba market in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. The samples were pre-treated and pulverized into powder. The extraction was achieved with acetone and water and qualitative phytochemical analysis was performed following standard procedures. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts against the isolates was determined by agar well diffusion method. Qualitative phytochemical screening of the crude extracts showed the presence of tannins, alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin and glycosides. P. aeruginosa was sensitive to the aqueous extract of fermented seeds having a zone of inhibition of 14.00±1.00mm while for unfermented seeds it was 10.00±2.00 mm at 100 mg/ml. The acetone extracts of both fermented and unfermented seeds revealed antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa with zone of inhibition of 17.00±3.00 mm and 18.00±0.00 mm respectively. In conclusion, the crude extracts of the fermented and unfermented P. biglobosa seeds at a concentration of 75 and 100 mg/ml respectively have antimicrobial effect on the clinical isolates.
Realidades e Perspectivas em Ciência dos Alimentos Volume II
Authors:   FURG, Nogueira Wesclen Vilar
Published: October 2020

Neste segundo volume do E-book Realidades e Perspectivas em Ciência dos Alimentos as áreas de abrangência das pesquisas foram expandidas, contribuindo para o acesso ao conhecimento numa linguagem contextualizada e de fácil compreensão. As pesquisas e reflexões abordadas nos capítulos foram realizadas por pesquisadores de diversas unidades da Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA) e Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) públicas (Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná) e privadas (Centro Universitário IDEAU). O conteúdo abordado demonstra a multidisciplinaridade da área de Ciência dos Alimentos sobre diferentes aspectos e realidades. As pesquisas abordam desde o emprego de compostos bioativos na produção de alimentos, desenvolvimento de novos produtos, avaliação da composição química e microbiológica de commodities, até alternativas para reutilização de resíduos agroindustriais na produção de alimentos. Que o E-book Realidades e Perspectivas em Ciência dos Alimentos seja de grande proveito e, ofereça subsídios teórico-metodológicos para profissionais da área de Ciência dos Alimentos e áreas afins.
ANCIENT RECORDS OF BIRDS FROM THE ISLAND OF ST. CROIX WITH OBSERVATIONS ON EXTINCT AND LIVING BIRDS OF PUERTO RICO
Authors: Wetmore Alexander
Published: October 2020

Resumen en inglés.
NESTING OF THE PUERTO RICAN ORIOLE
Authors: Spaulding Nina G.
Published: October 2020

Resumen en inglés.
Título en español.
Authors: Julio García-Díaz
Published: October 2020

Resumen en español.
ALTERNATE HOST PLANTS OF THE PINK BOLLWORM, PECTINOPHORA GOSSYPIELLA (SAUND.), IN PUERTO RICO
Authors: Courtney Fife L.
Published: October 2020

The seed pods of three malvaceous plants, Montezuma speciosissima (maga), Thespesia populnea (emajagüilla), and Abelmoschus esculentus (okra, or guingambó) were found to be important host plants of the pink bollworm in that they provide a continuous food supply for breeding during the dead season of cotton production. Several other plant species were attacked, namely. Abeloschus abelmoschus (algalia), Hibiscus sabidariffa (vina), Hibiscus trilobus, Hibiscus bifurcatus (buenas tardes), Abutilon hirtum (buenos días), and Althaea rosea (hollyhock, or varilla de San José). None of these species, however, is sufficiently numerous to be of any importance.
CHEMICAL CHANGES OF THE PAPAYA PLANT DURING DEVELOPMENT, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ITS PROTEOLYTIC ACTIVITY
Authors: Asenjo C. F. , Cook D. H. , De Fernández M. del C. , Alvarez L. A.
Published: October 2020

1. All parts of the papaya plant, with the exception of the seed, showed varying degrees of proteolytic activity. 2. Milk clotting activity appeared first in the leaf and later, in the stem and root. 3. The largest amount of proteolytic activity was concentrated in the green fruit rind and, in decreasing quantities, in the leaf, fruit pulp, stem, and root. 4. In the leaf and, to a lesser extent, in the stem and root, a definite variation took place in proteolytic activity during the thirteen initial months of growth. Maximum activity was reached between the fourth and ninth months. 5. Data have been collected regarding the moisture, hydrogen ion concentration, and nitrogen content of the various parts of the papaya plant during its initial thirteen months of growth.
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF HARRY A. BEATTY
Authors: Skov Oliver C.
Published: October 2020

Resumen en inglés.
THE INSECTS OF ST. CROIX, V. I.
Authors: Beatty Harry A.
Published: October 2020

Resumen en inglés.
THE MAMMALS OF ST. CROIX, V. I.
Authors: Beatty Harry A.
Published: October 2020

Resumen en inglés.
The Insects of Mona Island (West Indies)
Authors: Ramos J. A.
Published: October 2020

A total of 526 species of insects, representing 16 orders and 152 families, is recorded from Mona Island, with notes on their distribution, abundance, and host plants. Of this number of species, 197 were not previously known from the island. Paradarnoides danforthi n. sp, (Homoptera, Membracidae); Paraprosoptropis n. gen., Paraprosoptropis monensis n. sp. (Homoptera, Kinnaridae); Flatoidinus pseudopunctatus n. sp. (Homoptera, Flatidae); Ozophora octomaculata n. sp. (Hemiptera, Lygaeidae); and Ptychopoda monata Forbes, n. sp. (Lepidoptera, Geometridae) are described. The insect fauna of Mona Island is analyzed and discussed.
Título en español.
Authors: J. A. Bonnet  , M. A. Lugo López
Published: October 2020

Se presentan aquí datos sobre pH, materia orgánica, coloides, equivalente de humedad, limo y arcilla total y agregada, y razones de dispersión, de coloides a equivalente de humedad y de erosión, para varios suelos de Puerto Rico. Un perfil del suelo laterítico, Catalina arcilloso, dio un valor para la razón de dispersión de 13-20, para la razón de coloide a equivalente de humedad de 0.97-2.26, y para la razón de erosión de 6-14, y perdió de 5.3 a 7.1 toneladas de suelo por pulgada de escorrentía por acre por año, cuando estaba en barbecho o con el subsuelo expuesto, respectivamente. Esta pérdida de suelo se redujo a 1.5 y 0.13 toneladas de suelo por pulgada de escorrentía cuando se sembró caña de azúcar y se quemó o conservó la paja, respectivamente. Este suelo se clasificó como un suelo que no es erosivo. Tres suelos del grupo gris pardo podsólico o litosol, representado por las series Múcara, Cayaguá y Pandura, dieron valores más altos para las razones de dispersión y de erosión y valores más bajos para la razón de coloides a equivalente de humedad, en sus perfiles respectivos. Estos suelos se clasificaron como erosivos. Otros suelos lateríticos, de aluvión, y del grupo rojo de las praderas, se clasificaron similarmente de acuerdo con su erosividad relativa.
Título en español
Authors: D. K. Fuhriman  , R. M. Smith
Published: October 2020

Resumen en español
Título en español.
Authors: M. A. Lugo López  , J. A. Bonnet
Published: October 2020

En Puerto Rico hay más de 25,000 acres de terrenos orgánicos de los cuales un 10 por ciento aproximadamente, se encuentra ahora bajo cultivo. Estos suelos están a niveles muy bajos y en muchos casos el agua del mar los afecta adversamente. Se formaron de la acumulación de hojas, ramas, raíces, y otros materiales en lagunas y bahías. El mangle y otras plantas hidrofílicas constituyen la vegetación típica de esos terrenos. Más de la mitad del área total de los suelos orgánicos de Puerto Rico pertenece a las series "Tiburones muck" y "Saladar muck." Estos suelos orgánicos son generalmente ricos en humus y nitrógeno y tienen un alto por ciento de calcio, fósforo y potasio asimilables, pero debido a su bajo peso por volumen tienen menores cantidades de estos nutrimentos que el suelo mineral típico. Son fáciles de cultivar pero es necesario manejarlos apropiadamente. Bajo nuestras condiciones locales, y sin técnicas especiales de cultivo, estos suelos han llegado a producir hasta 45 toneladas de caña por acre. El costo total de desagüe de estos suelos y del lavado de sales que habría que hacer en algunos casos, será alto, sin embargo, su efecto en la economía del país puede ser muy favorable.
Título en español.
Authors: John S. Caldwell  , Luis F. Martorell
Published: October 2020

Resumen en español.
Título en español.
Authors: A. González-Chapel  , M. Rojas Daporta
Published: October 2020

Resumen en español.
Título en español.
Authors: Conrado F. Asenjo  , José Goyco  , Silvia P. de Pesquera  , Gloria V. de Urrutia
Published: October 2020

Resumen en español.
Título en español.
Authors: J. A. Bonnet  , M. A. Lugo López
Published: October 2020

Se hicieron 52 pruebas de infiltración en seis tipos de suelos lateríticos representados por los grupos Laterita, Suelos Lateríticos Pardo Rojizos, y Suelos Lateríticos Pardo Amarillentos. La velocidad de infiltración fué muy rápida y varió entre 3.72 y 9.47 pulgadas por hora. Esta velocidad rápida de infiltración se explica a base de una agregación alta de las partículas del suelo, del contenido de sesquióxidos libres de hierro y aluminio y de la presencia de una arcilla del tipo caolín, en los suelos lateríticos.
Título en español.
Authors: M. B. Martínez  , M. A. Lugo López
Published: October 2020

Se presentan datos aquí sobre la capacidad de infiltración de un suelo con un "claypan" sometido a varios tratamientos durante las operaciones de la preparación del terreno. El experimento se estableció siguiendo un diseño de enrejillado triple. La velocidad promedio de la infiltración del agua a la octava hora en un lote dedicado a pasto, donde no se hicieron operaciones de preparación o cultivo, fué de 0.5 de pulgada por hora. La capacidad mínima de infiltración de las parcelas testigo, que se araron y rastrillaron cuatro veces, fué de 5.6 pulgadas de agua por hora. Esta infiltración tan rápida en estas parcelas, se puede explicar, quizás, a base del movimiento lateral del agua en vez de vertical, como en el caso de las parcelas donde se pasó un arado de subsuelo para romper el "claypan" o en las que se estableció un sistema de desagüe subterráneo, además de pasar el arado de subsuelo. En las parcelas donde se pasó el arado de subsuelo y donde se instaló el sistema subterráneo de desagüe, se obtuvieron valores significativamente más altos, para la capacidad de infiltración, que en las parcelas testigo.
FACTORS AFFECTING THE SUCROSE CONTENT OF SUGARCANE: FERTILIZERS
Authors: Samuels G. , Lugo López M. A. , Landrau Jr. P.
Published: October 2020

The results of over 150 field experiments with sugarcane conducted by the Agricultural Experiment Station of the University of Puerto Rico covering a wide range of varieties and soils of Puerto Rico revealed the following: 1. Nitrogen produced an increase in sucrose content with increased cane yields. When the percentage increase in cane tonnage is plotted against the percentage increase in sucrose percent cane, a highly significant regression is obtained. The equation obtained reveals that a significant increase in sucrose concentration occurs only after increases in yields are over 27 percent. 2. Different nitrogen sources, namely, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, and Uramon, produced no significant differences in influence on sucrose concentrations. 3. The application of phosphorus had no significant effect on the sucrose content of sugarcane. Cane tonnage responses were also slight. 4. The use of potassium fertilizers did not significantly influence the sucrose content of sugarcane. Where there was an increase in yield, there was generally an increase in sucrose content. Percentage increases in yield of cane, however, were very low, the majority being less than 10 percent. The soils seem to contain sufficient potassium for good sucrose concentrations, and the use of potash as fertilizer does not usually produce any significant increases in sucrose. 5. The minor-element fertilizers produced no significant increases in sucrose content. The use of copper, magnesium, zinc, boron, manganese, calcium, sodium, iron, and sulfur produced no appreciable increases in yield. The majority of percentage yield increases were less than 7, while percentage decreases or increases in sucrose content varied from —3 to +7.
THE BENEFICIAL EFFECT OF FILTER PRESS CAKE ON PINEAPPLE GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT, AND PRODUCTION II. EFFECT ON THE RATOON CROP
Authors: Hernández-Medina Ernesto
Published: October 2020

This paper presents the results of further studies carried out to establish the relationship between iron and manganese imbalance in the soil and remedial treatments on pineapple growth, development, and production.
THE APPARENT DEGENERATION OF PINEAPPLE SLIPS IN PUERTO RICO
Authors: Hernández-Medina Ernesto
Published: October 2020

Pineapple experiments were carried on using imported Cuban slips and native slips with the object of investigating the apparent "degeneration" of slips. The suggestion that this apparent "degeneration" of slips might result from a nutritional derangement produced by an unfavorable balance of iron and manganese that was more severe in the plants developed from native slips, and resulted in a more marked chlorosis than in the plants developed from Cuban slips, led to studies of iron-manganese relationships in the pineapple plant under field conditions as the initial point of attack on this problem. Cuban as well as native slips were planted in untreated soil and in soil which received calcium carbonate as ordinarily applied by pineapple growers to control manganese in the soil. In addition, the plants which developed from each group of slips received either 2 or 4 iron sprays; the purpose was to find out which spray procedure was best.
Título en español
Authors: Luis F. Martorell  , Jose Adsuar
Published: October 2020

Resumen en español
DA CONSTITUCIONALIDADE DO ART. 6º, INCISO XIV, DA LEI N. 7.713/1998: TRATAMENTO DIFERENCIADO QUE NÃO OFENDE O PRINCÍPIO DA IGUALDADE
Authors: Pontalti Mateus Benato
Published: October 2020

A Procuradoria-Geral da República ingressou com a ADI n. 6.025 com o objetivo de obter do Supremo Tribunal Federal a declaração de inconstitucionalidade do art. 6º, inciso XIV, da Lei n. 7.713/1998. Esse dispositivo reconhece a isenção dos proventos de aposentadoria ou reforma motivada por acidente em serviço e os percebidos por pessoas portadoras de determinadas doenças. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar um ponto de vista sobre o tema. Para tanto, defendemos que as expressões “proventos de aposentadoria” e “proventos de reforma” não se confundem com os termos “salário”, “remuneração” ou “subsídio”, e firmamos então a premissa de que o sucesso da posição segundo a qual os trabalhadores da ativa também têm direito à isenção depende de argumentos que conduzam às seguintes conclusões: i) que o art. 6º, inciso XIV, da Lei n. 7.713/1988, é inconstitucional; ii) que a inconstitucionalidade deve ser superada pela inclusão dos trabalhadores da ativa na hipótese da norma. Assim sendo, propomo-nos a enfrentar cada um desses fundamentos. Com relação ao primeiro deles, concentramo-nos na alegação de violação ao princípio da igualdade, por ser esse o fundamento mais robusto de quem sustenta esse ponto de vista. Ao fazê-lo, defendemos que a diferença de tratamento entre os aposentados possuidores daquelas doenças e os contribuintes não doentes não ofende o princípio da igualdade. Em seguida, passamos a analisar se a lei fere a igualdade ao não considerar isentos o salário, o subsídio, a remuneração ou os honorários dos trabalhadores que possuam tais doenças, e firmamos posição em sentido contrário. Defendemos que o fato de a lei ter concedido um tratamento especial a um grupo de pessoas não autoriza, por si só, que o judiciário censure o legislativo por este não ter dispensado o mesmo tratamento a outros grupos merecedores da isenção. Por fim, argumentamos que, mesmo que o dispositivo fosse inconstitucional, o Judiciário não poderia estender a isenção aos trabalhadores da ativa. Em tal hipótese, a inconstitucionalidade deveria ser superada pela extirpação da norma impugnada do ordenamento.
DOAÇÕES PARA NÃO RESIDENTES E A SUA TRIBUTAÇÃO PELO IMPOSTO DE RENDA
Authors: Gutierrez Miguel Delgado
Published: October 2020

Este artigo discute a questão das doações para não residentes e a sua tributação pelo imposto de renda. Até há pouco tempo, a doação para não residentes não era tributada pelo imposto de renda, o que foi alterado pela nova legislação sobre o tema. Em virtude dessa alteração, discutimos se é permitida a tributação das doações para não residentes pelo imposto de renda, diante do que dispõem a Constituição Federal e o Código Tributário Nacional a respeito do assunto. Concluímos que não é admitida a tributação das doações para não residentes pelo imposto de renda.
ASPECTOS GERAIS E POLÊMICOS DO IMPOSTO SOBRE A PROPRIEDADE PREDIAL E TERRITORIAL URBANA
Authors: Nogueira Rafael Coelho Pacheco
Published: October 2020

Este trabalho visa analisar o Imposto sobre a Propriedade Predial e Territorial Urbana (IPTU) em seus elementos básicos e mais específicos. O IPTU é um dos tributos mais difundidos popularmente, tendo em vista que incide sobre o patrimônio imobiliário, especificamente sobre prédios e terrenos situados na área urbana. O objetivo aqui pretendido é abordar alguns dos princípios constitucionais tributários que abarcam esse tributo; analisar os elementos da regra-matriz de incidência tributária; avançar para a questão da progressividade das alíquotas; e, por fim, tratar dos aspectos polêmicos que circundam o IPTU. Análises e discussões acerca do tema são relevantes para a sociedade, tendo em vista a importância desse tributo, o impacto na vida cotidiana e os deveres e obrigações do ente tributário em obedecer todos os preceitos constitucionais na instituição, fiscalização e arrecadação do IPTU.
DA NÃO INCIDÊNCIA DO ISS SOBRE AS OBRAS E SERVIÇOS DE CONSTRUÇÃO CIVIL VOLTADOS AO SANEAMENTO AMBIENTAL
Authors: Pinto Vitor Di Guaraldi Monteiro
Published: October 2020

Este artigo foi desenvolvido com o intuito de evidenciar a impossibilidade de incidência do ISS sobre os serviços e obras de construção civil, desenvolvidos por pessoas jurídicas de direito privado, que sejam voltados ao saneamento ambiental. A recitada interpretação será construída a partir do perfil constitucional do ISS, bem como pela adoção do modelo lógico da regra-matriz de incidência tributária, que servirão como alicerces para a justificação do citado impedimento. Tais premissas devem moldar as condutas que vierem a ser praticadas pelas Fazendas Públicas municipais, haja vista a deliberada não inserção destas manifestações de riqueza na lista de serviços anexa à Lei Complementar n. 166/2003, por ocasião de veto presidencial, que, em conformidade com o interesse público primário e, objetivando alcançar o ideal da universalização dos serviços de saneamento ambiental, procurou não onerar tais atividades com a incidência do ISS.
LIMITES NORMATIVOS À RESPONSABILIDADE TRIBUTÁRIA DAS OPERADORAS DE MARKETPLACE
Authors: Barreto Paulo Ayres
Published: October 2020

O presente artigo visa analisar os limites normativos à instituição de responsabilidade tributária aos operadores de marketplace, relativamente ao Imposto Estadual sobre Circulação de Mercadorias (ICMS) devido pelos vendedores de bens que se utilizam das plataformas intermediadoras. Para tanto, inicia-se pela análise dos limites constitucionais para a instituição de hipóteses de responsabilidade tributária, decorrentes da competência tributária, dos princípios da capacidade contributiva, da razoabilidade e da segurança jurídica. Ademais, são analisados os limites para a instituição de responsabilidade tributária decorrentes da lei complementar. Em face desses requisitos, são examinadas três hipóteses de responsabilidade de operadoras de marketplace previstos na legislação de determinados Estados, quais sejam: (i) responsabilidade pela mera intermediação (Estado da Paraíba); (ii) responsabilidade pela não emissão de documento fiscal pelo vendedor (Estados do Ceará, Mato Grosso e Bahia); e (iii) responsabilidade pela não prestação de informações pela própria plataforma (Estados do Mato Grosso e São Paulo). Por fim, também serão analisados os limites à cumulação dessas hipóteses de responsabilidade.
O VOTO DE QUALIDADE NO CONSELHO ADMINISTRATIVO DE RECURSOS FISCAIS: CONSIDERAÇÕES ACERCA DE SUA INCONSTITUCIONALIDADE E ILEGALIDADE
Authors: Oliveira Maria Eugênia Mariz de
Published: October 2020

O presente trabalho destina-se a apresentar algumas considerações acerca da inconstitucionalidade e ilegalidade do voto de qualidade tal como aplicado no âmbito do Conselho Administrativo de Recursos Fiscais. Assim, tem-se como objetivo a identificação e análise dos conflitos verificados entre o voto de qualidade e disposições extraídas de três níveis do ordenamento jurídico, quais sejam, Constituição Federal, Legislação Complementar e Legislação Ordinária.
CARIDADE E PROGRESSIVIDADE: UM ENSAIO DE FILOSOFIA DO DIREITO TRIBUTÁRIO
Authors: Alves Henrique Napoleão
Published: October 2020

O filósofo Peter Singer propõe uma abordagem que combina um dever moral individual e a atuação de organizações humanitárias para enfrentar o problema da miséria global. Sua abordagem foi objeto de críticas por outro filósofo, Andrew Kuper. Embora o debate entre os autores não trate de forma expressa da questão tributária, suas ideias e desdobramentos lançam novas luzes à reflexão sobre qual é a função dos tributos, e se os tributos são justificáveis. É disso que cuida este artigo, cuja metodologia o enquadra como exercício de Filosofia do Direito Tributário (aplicação da reflexão filosófica ao fenômeno da tributação), e suas principais fontes são reflexões e argumentos desenvolvidos em textos. Essas fontes foram examinadas, sistematizadas e criticadas com o intuito de identificar os argumentos e posições mais consistentes. Esse esforço de teorização se justifica não apenas pela importância social da tributação (e, como decorrência, pela importância de refletir sobre se e como a tributação se justifica), mas também porque não foram encontrados trabalhos que tenham promovido o diálogo de fontes e teorias aqui presente.
Perubahan Penerapan Sanksi Adat terhadap Perkawinan Semarga pada Masyarakat Mandailing
Authors: Sembiring Idha Aprilyana
Published: October 2020

Masyarakat Mandailing adalah masyarakat yang bersistem kekerabatan patrilineal (garis keturunan dari pihak ayah/ laki-laki) dan sistem perkawinan exogami yaitu perkawinan tidak boleh terjadi antara perempuan dan laki-laki bermarga sama (asymmetric connubium). Masyarakat Mandailing sangat melarang perkawinan semarga. Namun dalam prakteknya, perkawinan semarga tetap terjadi pada Masyarakat Mandailing termasuk yang tinggal di Desa Manegen, Kecamatan Padang Sidempuan.Hal ini terjadi karena pengaruh Hukum Islam dalam aspek kehidupan masyarakatnya. Di sisi lain, sanksi adat tetap diberlakukan terhadap pasangan yang melakukan perkawinan semarga. Penerapan sanksi adat inilah yang menarik untuk dikaji dalam penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bentuk-bentuk sanksi adat, mekanisme, pihak-pihak yang terlibat di dalamnya serta akibat hukum yang timbul akibat dari penerapan sanksi secara adat ini. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analitis, jenis penelitian yuridis empiris. Lokasi penelitian adalah Desa Manegen. Responden adalah pasangan suami istri yang menikah semarga, informan adalah para tokoh adat,cerdik pandai, Kepala Desa Manegen dan Ulama. Analisa data dilakukan secara kualitatif. Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan, terdapat perbedaan sanksi adat di masa lampau dan masa sekarang. Di masa lampau, sanksi adat jauh lebih keras seperti pengucilan dan pengusiran dari Desa. Di masa sekarang, sanksi adat hanya berupa denda yang besarannya telah ditentukan oleh para Pengetua Adat setempat.

The Mandailing community is a patrilineal kinship system (lineage from the father / male side) and the exogamy marriage system, namely that marriages should not occur between women and men of the same surname (asymmetric connubium). The Mandailing community strongly prohibits marriages. But in practice, same-sex marriages still occur in the Mandailing community, including those who live in Manegen Village, Padang Sidempuan District. This occurs because of the influence of Islamic law in aspects of the lives of the people. On the other hand, adat sanctions continue to be imposed on couples who engage in same-sex marriages. The application of adat sanctions is interesting to study in this study to find out the forms of adat sanctions, mechanisms, parties involved in them as well as legal consequences arising from the application of sanctions in this manner. This research is analytical descriptive, empirical juridical type of research. The research location is Manegen Village. Respondents are married couples who are married with the same family, the informants are traditional leaders, cleverly clever, Manegen Village Chiefs and Ulama. Data analysis was carried out qualitatively. From the results of the study found, there are differences in traditional sanctions in the past and present. In the past, adat sanctions were much tougher such as ostracism and expulsion from the village. At present, customary sanctions are only in the form of fines, the amount of which has been determined by local Indigenous Leaders.
Perception of University Graduates about the Project Management Education in Pakistan “Professional Perspective”
Authors: Ullah Minhaj , Khan Shakeel , Khattak Afifa Anjum , Khan M. Hashim
Published: October 2020

This study examines the views of project management professionals (university graduates) about the Project Management education in Pakistan. It investigates current situation, problems, its causes, and suggestions for future improvements in the project management curriculum of Pakistan. The analysis is done through thematic analysis based on semi-structured interviews with 50 project management professionals in various sectors of Pakistan’s labour market. Interview method is employed to have detailed and in-depth discussion with practitioners about the subject matter. The research identified three major problems of project management education in Pakistan i.e., deficiency of skills, gap between theory and practice, and students’ interest during their study. Furthermore, the respondents provided suggestions to fix these problems through different means such as the revision of curriculum, provision of internships for students in national and international NGO’s, arrangement of training workshops for teachers as well as students, and a robust supervision from Higher Education Commission (HEC) of Pakistan.
The Stability of Retail Banks’ Deposit at the Early Stages of Covid-19 Pandemic:
A Preliminary Evidence from Euro Area
Authors: Agnese Paolo , Gianfranco Gianfranco A.
Published: October 2020

In this paper we analyze trends of euro area retail banks’ deposit at the early stages of Covid-19. It emerges that overnight and total deposits placed by households and non-financial corporations in the major euro area countries (Germany, France, Italy and Spain) are “sluggish” and “sticky” even in an extraordinary period characterized by unexpected shocks due to the ongoing pandemic. All this for the benefit of solidity of the European banking and financial system and, more broadly, of the systemic risk.
INDÚSTRIA 4.0: IMPACTOS SOBRE A ORGANIZAÇÃO DO TRABALHO E COMPETÊNCIAS PROFISSIONAIS
Authors: Mello Roger , Pinto Luciene , Freitas Patrícia
Published: October 2020

Os métodos industriais de produção sofreram diversas transformações no decorrer dos últimos séculos. As primeiras três revoluções industriais resultaram na introdução de máquinas, eletricidade e informações tecnológicas que serviram como base para o desenvolvimento da quarta revolução industrial ou indústria 4.0. Este novo momento histórico caracteriza-se pela consolidação das ferramentas de tecnologia da informação como parte integral dos processos industriais. Diversas mudanças poderão ser observadas a partir do advento da indústria 4.0. Um relevante aspecto a ser observado, refere-se à organização do trabalho. O presente estudo propõe como objetivo geral analisar os impactos da revolução 4.0 no trabalho dos profissionais da indústria. Quanto aos objetivos, a presente pesquisa pode ser definida, como exploratória, enquanto que bibliográfica quanto aos procedimentos técnicos adotados pelos pesquisadores. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram a necessidade de adaptação e aquisição de novas competências para a obtenção de sucesso profissional no contexto da indústria 4.0
ADOPTION AND DEVELOPMENT OF ALTERNATIVE FUEL VEHICLES IN TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO
Authors: Dolcy Kohan , Townsend Trevor
Published: October 2020

The transport sector has been identified as one of the highest contributors to greenhouse gas emissions in Trinidad and Tobago owing to the increase in the number of vehicles and the inherent traffic congestion. The vehicles are mainly fuelled by conventional fuels with relatively few being alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs), primarily in the form of compressed natural gas (CNG) vehicles. This research explores the current situation with the development and adoption of AFV technology in Trinidad & Tobago. In Trinidad, the natural gas supply is already well-established, refuelling stations are in operation and up to 18 original equipment manufacturer CNG vehicles are available on the market, supplemented by the option of vehicle conversion. The opposite is true for electric vehicles, with only one recognized dealer offering electric vehicles and public charging stations, and only one related market incentive in effect. Despite the number of initiatives geared toward CNG development, the 2018 vehicle conversion targets have not been realized and it would require a very aggressive approach to achieve those figures by 2020. The authors have identified the key impediments to successful attainment of the targets. They note that few of the ongoing fiscal incentives, measures or pilot projects by the government ministries that are associated with renewable energies are directly linked to the transportation sector. Additionally, since measures of effectiveness for sustainability are not being monitored, the country cannot adequately determine its progress towards sustainability. The authors propose measures towards achieving sustainable development in transportation and to overcome the constraints of data availability, perceived barriers to AFV adoption and the notion of affordability over sustainability.