bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cognitive Style as the Basis for Algorithmization of Verbal-Cognitive Activity in Academic Discourse
Authors: Pugueva Asya O. , Manaenko Gennadiy N.
Published: September 2023

The article specifies and analyzes the basic characteristics of the cognitive style in generative and interpretive activities of participants within the framework of academic discourse. The cognitive style itself can be defined as a dynamic “scheme of action” that facilitates the structuring of the communicative process. The algorithm for creating and translating the results of discursivization in scientific communication contains a flexible sequence of cognitive and verbal actions to solve problems determined by situational and contextual conditions. As a result of discourse, modus and conversational analysis, the authors determine the illocutionary readiness of producers for generation and verbalization, and recipients for apperception and interpretation of “anchor” concepts as cognitive style markers and elements of structuring cognitive and communicative activity. The empirical material was microcontexts from the collective monograph “Introduction to the Synergetics of Translation”, containing both markers of the generation of cognitive components and their translation and conventionalization. An analysis of cognitive styles that are combined in academic discourse into a synergistic unity, a cognitive strategy, revealed the dominance of the right-handed characteristics of the Myers-Briggs type indicator: analyticism, field independence, focusing flexibility, reflectivity, and detailing. Compliance with the identified criteria involves the use of soft patterns as components of dynamic “schemes of action”, which leads to the flexibility of algorithms and modification of the sequence of acts of cognition and verbalization. The authors conclude that the potential acceptability of the cognitive styles of various participants in academic communication and the adaptive possibilities of style characteristics make it possible to create a cognitive strategy as a general direction of generative- and interpretative activity. The apperceptive type of cognitive activity, the “anchoring” of individual concepts in the space of scientific reception, the possibility of delayed harmonization of cognitive styles in the “downtime” situation are the conditions for identifying correspondences of the academic discourse macroproposition in the text.
Thermodynamic Analysis of Static Moisture Sorption Patterns by Ectocarpus Based on Its Hygroscopic Characteristics
Authors: Zaporozhets Ekaterina Y. , Fomenko Ekaterina V. , Nugmanov Albert H.-H. , Lagutkina Lina Yu. , Aleksanyan Igor Yu. , Savinova Victoria N.
Published: September 2023

The most popular biopolymers in the food industry are polysaccharides, including sodium alginate (food additive E401) used as a thickener in the jelly, sauces and fillings production, as well as a moisture-retaining ingredient in bread, bakery products, etc.; and brown algae of marine nature (kelp and fucus) serve as its unique industrial source in modern conditions. Brown algae of the Caspian basin including Ectocarpus are rich of alginate. The research aim is to determine the hygroscopic parameters during moisture sorption by ectocarpus, and conduct their thermodynamic analysis to specify the energy consumption during drying and to identify its rational modes. The scientific analysis object was ectocarpus in native, dry and crushed form. The thesis exemplifies the empirical data on humidity and sorption isotherms for algal raw materials, equilibrium curves constructed in semi-logarithmic coordinates; studies the macrostructural layer tissue organization of brown algae raw materials recovered in an aqueous medium; determines the stages on sorption isotherms and the graphical dependence r = f (Wр). As a research result, a man determined the hygroscopic parameters of algal raw materials during moisture sorption, run a thermodynamic analysis of the obtained sorption isotherms to identify energy costs at various stages of drying, and revealed its rational modes, in which the final result of the drying operation is the production of a material with high biological value and the best parameters for its preservation.
Impact of Red Mountain Ash Powder on the Qualitative Characteristics of Flour Confectionery Products
Authors: Varnavskaya Olga D. , Neborskaya Natalia G. , Koroteeva Evgeniya A. , Ratnikova Larisa B. , Glebova Svetlana Yu.
Published: September 2023

Vegetable additives in flour and confectionery products increase nutritional value, reducing the micronutrients and dietary fiber deficiency. The study aim is to evaluate the red mountain ash powder impact on the qualitative characteristics of flour confectionery products made of shortbread dough. To do this, a man replaced 5; 10; 15; 20; 25 and 30% of flour in the semi-finished product cooked according to the recipe No. 8 “Pesochniy (osnovnoj)” with red mountain ash powder. The thesis presents the study results of the mass fraction of moisture, the preservation of dry substances, wetness, alkalinity, toughness, organoleptic parameters. Products with red mountain ash powder contain a significant number of polyphenolic compounds that can have an impact on the microbiological parameters and the oxidative processes rate during long-term storage. The researchers revealed that products with powder had a higher yield and dry substances preservation, better wetness and friability, higher nutritional value compared with the traditional recipe. The optimal level of wheat flour replacement with red mountain ash powder in the recipe of the semi-finished shortbread product is 20%. On this basis, a man developed the formulation and technology of the semi-finished product “Ryabinoviy”. The baked semi-finished product has high organoleptic characteristics, is a source of dietary fiber (17.4% of the recommended daily intake) and can be recommended for use in nutrition for people without alimentary-dependent diseases. The application scope of the research results is confectionery industry and public catering enterprises.
Quality Characteristics Stability of Extracts from the Leaves of Mentha Piperita L. during Storage
Authors: Golub Olga V. , Paimulina Anastasia V. , Chekryga Galina P. , Motovilov Oleg K. , Stankevich Svetlana V. , Motovilov Konstantin Ya. , Uglov Vladimir A.
Published: September 2023

Recently, the quality characteristics stability of plant raw materials extracts has become increasingly important for food industry specialists due to increased consumer demand for products with a native composition. In accordance with this, a man conducts researches on ways to stabilize the extracts quality, including those made from Mentha piperita L. The purpose of the work is to study the quality characteristics stability of extracts from peppermint leaves during storage. The research objects are the quality characteristics of extracts from peppermint leaves. The authors made extracts by extraction method – classical and using ultrasound. The solvent nature is drinking water; the serum is subsurface. The extracts conditions are the following: a temperature of (4 ± 2) ° C in a place protected from light. Research methods are standard. A man revealed that the shelf life had the greatest impact on the change in the organoleptic quality indicators of extracts (variation limits from 70.33 to 90.89%) and the safety of ascorbic acid (41.52%). During storage the solvent nature influences on the stability of soluble solids (94.24%), titrated acids (96.28%), the flavonoids amount (74.97%), water-soluble antioxidants (92.92%), potassium (62.92%) and calcium (65.66%), significantly. The extraction method impacts the number of mesophilic aerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms (92.92%), the potassium preservation (78.77%) and magnesium (85.34%) during the extract storage, significantly. The authors revealed that the interaction probability of the studied factors on the change in the extract quality characteristics during storage is minimal. The recommended extracts shelf life is 24 hours.
Reconstructing the Perception of Childhood in Medieval Europe: A Multifaceted Exploration
Authors: GÜL Özlem
Published: September 2023

In medieval Europe, significant research has been conducted regarding the concept of "children and childhood.” Particularly, during the 1960s, historians converged around the debate that there was no distinct concept of childhood as
we understand it today in the Middle Ages. However, subsequent research in the years following the 1960s has influenced the reconstruction of the "perception of childhood" in medieval society. This shift can be perceived as part
of a broader change in the late twentieth century, where researchers in the field of historiography transitioned their focus from political and constitutional matters to social and cultural issues. As with many subjects, the meaning
attributed to the "child image" has evolved over historical periods, influenced by various societal dynamics. This transformation has culminated in a significant academic inquiry known as "Medieval Childhood." This study aims to
explore the general approach to the "perception of childhood" in medieval Europe, examining its various dimensions from medical, legal, and socio-cultural perspectives. The findings of this research reveal that the role, value,
and rights of children have been subject to social changes and evolution throughout history. While not entirely congruent with contemporary notions, it is evident that in medieval Europe, children were perceived differently from
adults; they were acknowledged, valued, and esteemed. The study scrutinizes primary sources and contemporary works that provide insights into the phenomenon of childhood in the Middle Ages.
The effect of cooperative learning model TGT-type assisted by crossword puzzle media on biology concept mastering
Authors: Pratama Dimas Adi , Kusmiyati  , Tri Ayu Lestari  , Muhlis
Published: September 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of the cooperative learning model of the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) type assisted by crossword puzzle media on the mastery of biological concepts in class X students at SMAN 3 Kota Bima. This study used a quasi-experimental research method with a nonequivalent control group design (pretest and posttest). The population in this study were students of class X, consisting of class X 1 to X 4. The sampling technique used purposive sampling. The samples used were students of class X 3 as the control class and class X 4 as the experimental class. Data collection techniques using test instruments in the form of multiple-choice questions. The analysis technique used is the t-test with a significance level of 5% with the help of SPSS 25 for Windows. The t-test results show that the value of (2.347 > 2.010). Based on these results, it can be interpreted that the cooperative learning model of the TGT type assisted by crossword media affects the mastery of biology concepts in class X students at SMAN 3 Kota Bima.
EFFECT OF DRUM ROLLING AND EARTHING UP ON THE YIELD OF KHARIF GROUNDNUT UNDER RAINFED CONDITIONS
Authors:   Oilseed Specialist, Agricultural Research Station, 425 001, T.L GARSE , S.M NIKAM ,   Oilseed Specialist, Agricultural Research Station, 425 001, A.B NIKAM ,   Oilseed Specialist, Agricultural Research Station, 425 001
Published: September 2023

An investigation to study the effects of drum rolling and earthing up on the yield of Kharif groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) variety S. B. XI was conducted at the Oilseeds Research Station. Jalgaon during rainy season, 1978 to 1981. On an average, rolling of empty iron drum (oil barrel of 200 litres capacity weighing 26 kg) twice to and fro on the same strip at 404-50 days after sowing significantly increased the pod yield of groundnut by 15.5 per cent followed by drum rolling twice to and fro at 404-60 days after sowing by 12.3 per cent over control. Drum rolling twice at 40+50 days age of the crop yielded more number of matured pods per plant and also percentage of pods to pogs was the highest (40.8). The highest net return of Rs. 396/ha was obtained from drum rolling twice to and fro at 40+50 days after sowing but drum rolling twice at 60 days after sowing gave the best returns of Rs. 4.81 for per Rupee invested.
TMV-5 A NEW HIGH YIELDING CASTOR FOR TAMIL NADU
Authors:   Assitant Professor, National Pulses Research Centre,Vamban Pudukottai, C NATARAJAN , G.A PALANISAMY ,   Associate Professor,School of Genectics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, A.R MUTHIAH ,   Associate Professor,School of Genectics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, S PALANISAMY ,   Professor,School of Genectics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003
Published: September 2023

To evolve a high yielding castor variety with resistance to jassids. Crosses were effected between SA. 2 (high yielding & short duration) and S. 248-2 (A Maharastra variety with triple bloom). A derivative x1158-32 was identified and evaluated under rainted condition in different research centres as well as in farmer's holdings. The yield data showed that X1158-32 is superior to SA. 2. this recording mean yields of 921 kg/ha (26% increase over SA. 2) in six research centres and 1108 kg/ha (26% increase over SA, 2) in six farmer's holdings. It also recorded 7-42% increased yield over SA. 2. in adaptive research trials conducted throughout Tamil Nadu, This culture being moderately resistant to jassids has been released as strain (TMV. 5) for wide cultivation.
EFFECT OF AMENDMENTS AND ZINC ON CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF AN ALKALI SOIL
Authors:   Dept.of Soil Science and Agrl,Chemistry  University Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, P DURAISAMY , G.V KOTHANDARAMAN ,   Dept.of Soil Science and Agrl,Chemistry  University Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, S CHELLAMUTHU ,   Dept.of Soil Science and Agrl,Chemistry  University Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003
Published: September 2023

To study the comparative efficiency of different amendments alone and in com- bination with Zn on the progressive chemical changes of an alkali soil, a pot study was conducted with rice as test crop. Application cf amendments and Zm individually and in combinations reudced the soil pH considerably to a significant level. Submergence of soil also contributed to the reduction in soil pH. Electrical conductivity of the soil increased by the application of amendments and Zn. Com- bined application of gypsum at 50% requirement and pressmud reduced the E. S. P. significantly.
BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES IN MILK BY BACILLUS CEREUS CELLS-
Authors:   Department of dairy Science, Madras Veterinary College, M MOHAMED HABIBULLA KHAN , N NATARAJAN ,   Sheep Breeding Research station Sandynallah
Published: September 2023

The trials were conducted by inoculating Bacillus cereus spores in low count milk and holding at 37°C and subjected to three treatments 1. Pasteurication, 2. Pasteurisation and boiling 3. Boiling of milk. The spore cells of 8, cereus grew in pasteurised milk upto two hours and thereafter formed spores after 8 hours The keeping quality of pasteurised milk and boiled milk was 8 hours whereas in the case of pasteurised and boiled milk it was only 6 hours The rate of proteolysis was found to be higher in the case of pasteurised and boiled milk. There was not much of change in the lipolysis in the treatments.
STUDIES ON PHENOTYPIC AND GENOTYPIC CO-EFFICIENT OF VARIABILITY AND ESTIMATES OF HERITABILITY IN F2 AND F3 GENERATIONS IN SORGHUM (Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench) CROSSES
Authors:   Department of Agricultural Botany, Madurai, P RAMASAMY , S RAJASEKARAN ,   Department of Agricultural Botany, Madurai, M KADAMBAVANASUNDARAM ,   Department of Agricultural Botany, Madurai
Published: September 2023

Six quantitative traits of sorghum in F, and F. generations derived from three inter- varietal crosses were analysed for their mean performance variability and heritability esti- inates. The study revealed that cross C'had high mean and high variability for number of leaves, ear weight, 100 grain weight and grain yield. But for plant height and ear length, the cross combinations B and A appeared to be respectively superior for mean and variability. Heritability estimates in F, and F. population indicated that cross combi- nation C is more suitable for effective selection to obtain quick results than the other two cross combinations for all characters excepting ear length. But heritability estimates were low in both F, and F, in all the three crosses for grain yield.
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT DOSES OF PHOSPHORUS ON GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY OF COWPEA (Vigna unguiculata (L.) WALP).
Authors:   Assitant Professor (Agronomy) Department of Agronomy College of Agriculture Gwalior, MP, V.K JAIN , Y.S CHAUHAN ,   Associate Professor (Agronomy) Department of Agronomy College of Agriculture Gwalior, MP, P.C JAIN ,   Scientist (Agronomy) S.F.T Scheme Vidisha 464001
Published: September 2023

A field experiment was conducted at the College of Agriculture, Gwalior (M. P.) to study the response of three cowpea varieties (Phillipines early, GC 176 and GC 185) and four levels of phosphorus on various plant characters (dry matter accumulation, number of branches and leaves and also on the yield and yield contributing characters viz. number of seeds per pod. Weight of 10 pods, number and weight of green pods per plant and yield of green pods (q/ha). From the pooled data, it was observed that yield and most of the yield attnbutes were optimum at 40 kg P,O./ha. Variety GC 185 prodced maximum green pod yield but GC 176 with equel yield possessed better yield contributing traits.
GENETIC DIVERGENCE IN RAGI (Eleusine coracana L. GAERTN) FOR YIELD OF FODDER
Authors:   Assitant Professor (Cotton),School of Genectics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, C.V DHANAKODI , P CHANDRASEKHARAN ,   Professor and Head , Department of Forage Crops, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003
Published: September 2023

Wide genetic diversity among the fifty genotypes of ragi was revealed by D analysis. wherein the fifty genotypes grouped themselves into as many as twelve clusters. The clustering pattern indicated that there was no parallelism between geographical distribution and genetic diversity. The sixteen genotypes of Tamil Nadu were found scattered in dif- ferent clusters with varying degrees of inter-cluster distances suggesting the availability of wide genetic diversity even within the same ecogeographical region. Fodder yield and leaf/stem ratio contributed the maximum towards the total genetic diversity among the characters taken for the study.
COMBINING ABILITY FOR YIELD TRAITS IN CERTAIN RUST RESISTANT LINES OF WHEA
Authors:   Dept of  Plant Breeding and Genectics, Birsa Agricultural University,Ranchi 836 006, V TEWARI , B.D SINGH ,   Professor and Wheat Breeder respectivity, Department Of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Banaras Hindu University Vanarasi, G.S SHARMA ,   Professor and Wheat Breeder respectivity, Department Of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Banaras Hindu University Vanarasi
Published: September 2023

Twenty-one rust resistant lines of wheat from the National Genetic Stock Nursery were crossed with live testers, Additive gene action was predominant for most of the characters studied. CPAN1360. CPAN1529, CPAN1666, CPAN1757, CPAN1810, CPAN1830 CPAN 1874 and CPAN1848 are reacmnionded for exploitation in breeding programmes on the basis of gca effects and Fi performance. The par se porformanco of the croses should be more useful than tho sca effects for selecting best specific combinations,
EFFECT OF SEEDLING ROOT DIPPING OF AZOSPIRILLUM IN RICE
Authors:   Assitant Professor, Department of Agronomy, Agrl,College and Research Institute,Madurai 625 104. Tamil Nadu., S JEYARAMAN , S RAMIAH ,   Professor and Head, Department of Agronomy, Agrl,College and Research Institute,Madurai 625 104. Tamil Nadu.
Published: September 2023

Studies on the effect of root dipping of seedling with Azospirillum along with sub-optimal levels of N indicatod that application of 75 kg N/ha along with root dipping of Azospirillum @ 1 kg of inoculant/ha recorded significantly higher grain yield and application of 59 kg N plus Azospirillum produced comparable grain yield. in rice as compared to application of recommended level of 100 kg N/ha.
EFFECT OF PHOTO-THERMAL UNITS AND SOLAR RADIATION LEVELS ON GROWTH, YIELD COMPONENTS AND YIELD OF WINTER IRRIGATED COTTON (HYBRID VARALAKSHMI)
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, N GOPALASWAMY , S SUBRAMANIAN ,   Directorate Soil and Crop Management Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, SP PALANIAPPAN ,   Professor, Department of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003
Published: September 2023

Investigations were carried out to quantify the effect of photothermal, anits (PTU) or heat degree units and Solar Radiation levels (SR) in growth, yield com ponents and yield of hybrid cotton Varalakshmi. A mean reduction in seed cotton yield to the tune of 3.1 g/ha was observed when the date of sowing was shifted from 15th August to 13th September. The regression co-efficients revealed that SR levels had a significent positive effect on plant height. LAI and dry matter pro- duction. Seventy seven and 74 per cent of the variations respectively in boll number and seed cotton yield were contributed by the SR levels. It is predicted that an accumulated PTU of 27,000 and SR of 40,000 Cal-cm are required to obtain 39 q/ha of seed cotton which could be achieved when sowings are taken up in the middle of August under Coimbatore conditions.
EFFECT OF N, P AND K ON SORGHUM CSH 5 HYBRID SEED CROP III. SEED STORABILITY
Authors:   Assitant Professor, Department of seed  technology Tamil Nadu agricultural University Coimbatore-3, V KRISHNASAMY , K.R RAMASWAMY ,   Dean, (Agri) Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003 Tamilnadu
Published: September 2023

CSH 5 hybrid seeds obtained from the plants given 0. 100 and 200 kg/ha of N and 0, 50 and 100 kg/ha of P205 and K20 each were subjected to accelerated age ng at 40 +1°C and 95 per cent relative hum dity for seven days, Germination of aged seeds revealed that each of the nutrient at 100 kg/ha had significantly Improved the seed storability.
EFFECT OF SLOW-RELEASE NITROGEN FERTILIZERS AND OF FOLIAR APPLICATION OF NEEM PRODUCTS ON RICE PESTS
Authors:   Agricultural Research Station,Paramakudi 623 707,Tamilnadu, P MANIDURAI MANOHARAH DAVID
Published: September 2023

An on-farm trial was conducted at Manamadurai in Tamil Nadu with the objective of studying the influence of slow-release fertilizer nitrogen and the effect of sprays, with simple extracts of neem products on the incidence of rice pests. Both neem. cake-coated urea and coalter-coated area significantly reduced the incidence of what maggot and leaffolder but had no significant effect on the incidence of stem borer. Green leafhopper population was lower in neem cake-coated urea while gall midge incidence was less in conltar-coated urea. Foliar application of neem seed extract at 2% and neem cake extract at 5% were ineffective in controlling major rice posts.
ESTIMATION OF LEAF AREA IN WHEAT GENOTYPES
Authors:   Associate of Agronomy University of Agricultural sciences, Bangalore, S THIMMEGOWDA
Published: September 2023

Leaf product cons ants for night wheat genotypes, ware investigated. The test product constants varied significantly 10.729 to 0.709 for flag-leat, 0.737 10 0.864. for other than flag leaf and 0 740 to 0.831 for all leaves) among the genotypes. This indicated that a singla constant for whost cras as such cannot be accepted." However, a lea! product constant of flag leaf only could be used for estimating leaf area in wheat genotypes as the high releationship existed between the actual leal area and the estimated leaf area in all the genotypes as compared to other than flag leaf and all leaves
EFFECT OF BUTACHLOR, THIOBENCARB AND PENDIMETHALIN ON ECHINOCHLOA COLONUM IN DRY SEEDED BUNDED RICE (Var.) BHAVANI
Authors:   Professor of Agronomy,Agricultural College, Killikulam, A MOHAMED ALI , S SANKARAN ,   Centre for Soil and Crop Management Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003
Published: September 2023

A field experiment was conducted in dry seeded bunded rice for two seasons ot Tamil Nadu Agricultural University. Coimbatore. The intensity of annual grass Echinochloa colonum during the first and second monsoon was 52 and 165/sq.m under moderately clay soil with 1.3 per cent organic matter. Either individual appli- cation of herbicides viz. butachlor 1.0 kg ai/ha, thiobencarb 1.0 kg ai/ha and pendimethalin 0.75 kg ai/ha at 8 d.a.s or as mixture with propanil 2.00 kg ai/ha at 16 d.a s was effective in controlling the above grass weed and recorded low weed dry matter production. Eighth day application of pendimethalin gave higher mean grain yield of 4012 kg/ha. It was on par with butachior, thiobencarb applied on eigth day and herbicides mixtures at 16 das and superior to twelfth day appli- cation of herbicides.
GENETIC VARIABILITY AND GENOTYPE-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION IN SOME QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERS OF Arachis hypogaea L
Authors:   Associate Professor, Regional Research Station, Vridhachalam 606 001., M KANDASWAMI , G SOUNDRAPANDIAN ,   Professor and Head, Department of Agricultural Botany, Agricultural College and Reserch Institute,Madurai, M KADAMBAVANASUNDARAM ,   Professor (Cotton)Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003
Published: September 2023

The genetic parameters Viz. genotypic and phenotypic variations, genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation, heritability, expected genetic advance and genetic quin were assessed from 12 varieties of spanish bunch groundnut. The varieties showed signi ficant differences in the mean values for all the characters except for sound mature kernel por cent. Plant height, number of secondary branches, Pod to peg ratio and number of primary branches showed high heritability estimates ranging from 0.80 to 096: number- of mature pods, number of nodes on main stem axis, sound mature kernel per cent. Shel- ling per cent, harvest index and pod yield showed moderate heritabilty, estimates of 0.45 to 0.62 while low heritability estimates of 0.27 to 0.36 were recorded for weight of mature pods, 100 kernel weight and 100 pod weight. High genotypic coefficient of variation ranging from 11.55 to 41 39 was observed for number of secondary branches plant height and pad yield. Number of secondary branches and plant height, recorded high genetic gain of 82,09 and 60.57 respectively and the lowest genetic gain of 1.4 was recorded by shelling par cent followed by number of nodes on main stem axis and weight of ma ture pods (2.04 and 2.44). The genotype environment interaction variance was low for the traits plant height, secondary branches and pod to peg ratio.
INFLUENCE OF SEED SIZE ON POD AND HAULM PRODUCTION AND YIELD IN GROUNDNUT (Arachis Hypogae L.) CV. POL. 1 AND TMV. 2.
Authors:   Assitant Professor, Department of seed  technology Tamil Nadu agricultural University Coimbatore-3, A.S PONNUSWAMY
Published: September 2023

A study was carried out to understand the extent of influence of seed size on pod and haulm production and also yield in groundnut, with two promising cultivars, -POL 1 and TMV 2. The study revealed that the number of mature and well-dried pods per plant was highly significant and showed positive reltaionship with seed size. 'No precise relationship was discernible between seed size and number of immature- pods per plant although there was a consistant increase in the weight of immatures as the seed size increased in both the varieties The yield of dry haulm showed significant increase with increase in seed size in both the varieties. The plot yield differences of mature dry pods obtained from crops grown from different seed sizes did assume significance, despite the high numerical increase in yield with the increase in seed size in both the varieties. On an average by using the largest seed, increased yield of mature and dry pods to the extent of 13.4 and 6.5 per cent could be obtained in POL 1 and TMV. 2 respectively.
HETEROSIS AND GENETIC ARCHITECTURE OF OIL CONTENT IN CASTOR (Ricinus communis L.)
Authors:   Associate Research Scientist,(Plant Breeding) Gujarat Agricultural University,Junagadh, H.C PATHAK , C.J DANGARIAT ,   Assitant Research Scientist,(Plant Breeding) Gujarat Agricultural University,Junagadh, K.S PARMAR ,   Assitant Research Scientist,Chemistry) Gujarat Agricultural University,Junagadh
Published: September 2023

Heterosis and genetic architecture of oil-content in castor (Ricinus communis L.) was studied in a complete diallel set of 11 parents excluding reciprocals. Twenty-five and thirteen crosses, respectively, exhibited significant heterosis over mid parent and better parents. The analysis of variance for combining ability indicated the importance of both additive and non-additive gene-action, however, non-additive gone action was predom- nant, for the inheritance of this trait. The varieties viz, 2-73-11, T-4, 1-21 and Mesalio were the botter general combiners. The crosses viz, "Aruna x HC-8", "Aruna x VI-9" "Aruna x Masalio", "279 x 2-73-11", "279 x Masalio", "Ho HC-8", "Ho x 2-73-11", "Ho x T-4", "413A x VI-9", "413A x Masalio", "1-21 x 2-73-11", "1-21 x T-4", "2-73-11 xvi 9" and "VI-9 x Masalio" possessed higher mean values, significant heterosis, and higher and significant positive SCA effects which can best be exploited for developing higher ail- varieties in castor through further breeding.
INFLUENCE OF VARIETY, FERTILIZER DOSE AND WATER MANAGEMENT ON STEM BORER INCIDENCE AND YIELD OF RICE
Authors:   Junior Entomologist AICRIP RRI, Chiplima Sambalpur (Orissa) 768 026, S.K PANDA , A.P SAMALO ,   Department of Entomology, Orissa University of Agri.and Tech..,Bhubaneswar 751 003, N SHI ,   Entomologist AICRIP RRI, Chiplima Sambalpur (Orissa) 768 026, S.S MISHRA ,   Agronomist, OADP RRI, Chiplima Sambalpur
Published: September 2023

The influence of variety, fertilizer levels and water management on the stem borer incidence in summor rice revealed that neither fertility levels nor continuous standing water or alternate irrigation at 10 days interval had a profound influence on the dead heart (DH) incidence mainly due to low borer population in the early vegetative growth stage. The third dose of fertilizer applied at pre-booting stage of the crop had a distinct effect on the white earhead (WE). The N:P:K dose of 120:60:60 resulted significantly. higher (169%) WE as compared to the lower doses and/or no fertilizers. Both from the point of low infestation and higher yield N:P:K level of 90:45:45 was the best. Between the rice varieties, Jaya and Daya the latter one was more succeptible to the borers.
VARIETAL SCREENING OF RICE FOR RESISTANCE TO STEMBORER, Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker)
Authors:   Associate Professor Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, G BALASUBRAMANIAN , M BALASUBRAMANIAN ,   Director of Research Agri, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, S JAYARAJ ,   Director, Centre for Plant Protection Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, S VENKATESAN ,   Assitant Professor Entomology,Regional Research Station Tamil Nadu Agriculrural University  Paiyur 635 112 Tamil Nadu
Published: September 2023

Among the seventeen entries. screened in two places for their resistance to stem- borer during 1984-85, DPI 1091/1-3, IR 50, Paiyur 1. Sornavazhai, TKM 9 and W 1263 were found to be moderately resistant to stemborer deadhearts (DH) upto 30 DAT and Co 18 upto 50 DAT, while Co 18, Co 21, IR 50, Paiyur 1. SB 13, SB 19 were moderately resistant to white ear (WE) damage, recording a grade of 3 as against grade 9 on Jaya. In the on-farm trial, Paiyur, 1 recorded 5.6% deadhearts and 6.6% white-ears as against 12.3% DH and 18.3% WE on Jays recording,a yield of 4995 kg/ha as against 4070 kg/ha on Jaya under unprotected condition,
RESPONSE OF COTTON VARIETIES TO NITROGEN APPLICATION UNDER IRRIGATED CONDITIONS IN CHAMBAL COMMAND
Authors:   Scientist (Agronomy) College of Agriculture Gwalior, MP, G.S BHARADWAJ , M.L SHARMA ,   Associate Professor (Agronomy) College of Agriculture Gwalior, MP, Y.S CHAUHAN ,   Associate Professor (Agronomy) College of Agriculture Gwalior, MP
Published: September 2023

An experiment was conducted at the Government Agricultural Farm. Morena (MP) to study the response of Cotton varieties to nitrogen application under irri- pated conditions in Chambal Command in two Kharif seasons during 1976 and 1977. Results revealed that out of three levels of nitrogen (0. 40 and 80 Kg N/ha) 80 Kg N/ha gave economically higher yield of seed cotton. The highest yield of seed cotton was recorded in variety Bikaneri Nerma, but was at par with other varieties viz. SH 131, C59-228, J-34 and J. 207.
CLIMATIC CLASSIFICATION OF TAMILNADU
Authors:   Department of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, R KULANDAIVELU , V.B SHANUMU ATHY ,   Department of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, RM PANCHANATHAN ,   Department of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003
Published: September 2023

Different approaches were tested in classifying the climate of TamiNadu. Thornth. waite and Mather (1955) approach gave broader classification of the state as semi-arid. Salem and Tuticorin are identified as tropical and semi-deserts as per Troll's approach. Madurai, Coimbatore and Tondi are grouped as arid zone areas according to Hargreave's classification.
INFLUENCE OF CERTAIN CHEMICAL FACTORS IN GERMINATION OF SPORE CELLS OF BACILLUS CEREUS
Authors:   Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, . MOHAMED , . HABIBULLAH KHAN ,   Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, N NATARAJAN ,   Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003
Published: September 2023

Among the various chemicals added glucose, casamino acid, alanine, aspartic acid and glycine showed higher germination of B. cereus spores. Among the positive germinants which were tested in milk all of them showed marked improvement in promoting the germination of spore cells of B. cereus. The most positive germinant among these was L-alanine which as a result of enhancing the gormination of B. cereus increases the keeping quality of heat treated milk to 30 hours at room temperature.
GENETIC ANALYSIS OF YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS IN SORGHUM
Authors:   Professsor Millets School of Genetics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, S PALANISAMY , A SUBRAMANIAN ,   Formerely Head Of the Dept.Agri., Botany Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore 641003
Published: September 2023

A comparative evaluation of 16 sorghum varieties has been attempted to identify suitable pairs of parents. Studies on combining ability indicated considerable variability for gene action in different sets of parents. A substantial portion of the total genetic variance was of the additive type for plant height, earhead length and grain yield. The magnitude of non-additive genetic variance in respect of the characters days to bloom and poduncle length was high. Parents with high combining ability have been identified.
SUSCEPTIBILITY OF TACHINID PARASITES Eucelatorie bryeni SABROSKY AND Carcelia illota CURRAN TO DIFFERENT INSECTICIDES
Authors:   Assitant Professor, Department of Agricultural Entomology,  Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, N SIVAPRAKASAMI , G BALASUBRAMANIAN ,   Associate Professor, Department of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, S VENKATESAN ,   Assitant Professor, Department of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, A NARAYANAN ,   Professor and Head Regional Research Station Tamil Nadu Agriculrural University  Paiyur 635 112 Tamil Nadu
Published: September 2023

The susceptibility of exotic tachinid parasite Eucelatoria bryan) Sabrosky and Car- celia illota Curran to thirteen insecticides was studied. Parasitoids were exposed at field recommended dose under laboratory conditions at 28 1.5° C. and 67.0 7.5 RH. Phosalone (0.05%) and dicofol (0.05%) were found to be non-toxic to the adult tachi- nid flies. Carbaryl (0.10%) recorded 80% mortality of adults of E. bryani while other insecticides were highly toxic. Immature stages of both the parasites when sprayed with known concentration of insecticides, resulted high percentage of tly emergence in phosa- lone (0.05%) and dicofol (0.05%) and other insecticides were highly toxic.
GROWTH AND PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES IN PIGEONPEA PLANTS INFECTED BY STERILITY AND YELLOW MOSAIC VIRUSES
Authors:   Profesor and Head Assitant Professor, Department of Crop PHysiology, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore- 641 003., N NATARAJARATNAM , K BALAKRISHNAN ,   Ph.D Scholar, Department of Crop PHysiology, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore- 641 003., K MANIAN ,   Profesor and Head Assitant Professor, Department of Crop PHysiology, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore- 641 003.
Published: September 2023

Field experiments conducted to study the effect of viral disease on the physiology of pigeonpea during summer season of 1984-85 revealed that sterility mosaic virus infected plants recorded lesser drymatter than healthy and yellow mosaic virus infec ted plants. The healthy plants recorded higher chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate as compared to diseased plants. An increase in the content of reducing sugars in infected leaves was also observed.
STUDIES ON THE PHYSIOLOGICAL POTENTIAL OF SEEDS OBTAINED FROM VARIOUS PICKINGS IN VARALAKSHMI COTTON HYBRID (G. hirsutum)
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Plant Physiology, S.V Agricutural College,Tirupati 507  502 A.P, K RAVI BABU , J.S PRAKASA RAO ,   Associate Professor, Department of Plant Physiology, S.V Agricutural College,Tirupati 507  502 A.P, D.V.M RAO ,   Professoe in Plant Physiology,College Of Agriculture, Rajendranagar Hyderabad 500 030
Published: September 2023

Seed obtained from the five pickings was separately graded into bolder, Smaller and unsorted groups and evaluated for the quality Characters. It was observed that number of nodes por plant, sympodiol number and their length, leaf area. boll number and yield potential were influenced seeds of earlier pickings with bolder type. Similar trend was exhibited in respect of harvest index. Within the picking the bolder seed performed better than the rest of the seed sizes. The ginning per cent was not influenced by seod sizes obtained from various pickings. The necessity of sorting and selection of seeds particularly from earlier pickings for obtaining higher yield in Varalaxmi cotton hybrid is emphasised.
VIABILITY EXTENSION OF STORED CHILLI SEED BY SOAKING AND DRYING
Authors:   Assitant Professor, Krishi Vigyan Kendra ,Vridhachalam  606 001 Tamil Nadu, V ASHOK METHA , V RAMAKRISHNAN ,   Formerely Professor and Head Of the Dept.of Seed Technology Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore 641003
Published: September 2023

Large and small seeds of 2. 9 and 12 month old seeds of Chilli Co. 1 were soaked in Sodium phosphate (di-basic) solution at 10-4M for three hours and dried back to their original weight and stored for one year with and without artifical ageing. Hy- dration and dehydration with phosphate solution significantly sowed down the rate of deterioration of both largo and small seeds of 9 and 12 month old seed stored without accelerated ageing: this treatment proved beneficial for both large and small sized seeds of 2, 9 and 15 month old seeds acceleratedly aged and stored.
ADSORPTION OF CARBENDAZIM (MBC) BY SOILS AND CLAY MINERALS
Authors:   Dept.of Soil Science  University of Agrl Sciences,Bangalore 560 065., S.G Patil , P.B Deshpande ,   Dept.of Soil Science  University of Agrl Sciences,Bangalore 560 065.
Published: September 2023

The effect of temperature, clay type, organic matter, pH and soil types of adsor- ption of carbendazim was investigated. Adsorption of carbendazim decreased with increase in temperature on both Ca-Montmorillonite and Ca-Kaolinite clays. Among. clay types, Ca-montmorillonite was superior in adsorbing this fungicide over Ca-Kaolinite. The adsorption of carbendazim was inferred to be through physical means under the specified conditions from the values of change in free energies. Adsorption was found to be highest on activated soils as reflected by their higher values of Freundlich's constants followed by natural and organic matter-free soils, respectively. The decre- ased adsorption of carbendazim on removing organic matter with H,O, pretreatment suggested the importance of organic master in adsorption The effect of pH on ads- orption of this fungicide revealed ionization of molecules through protonation at lower pH values. Thus carbendazim was adsorbed on soils in larger quantities as a result of protonation followed by ion-exchange process. Among soils, highest adsor- ption of this fungicide was found in laterite soils.
EFFECT OF BENZYL ADENINE (BA) ON THE RETARDATION OF LEAF SENESCENCE AND YIELD IN GREENGRAM (Vigna radiata (L.) WILCZEK)
Authors:   Department of Crop PHysiology,Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore- 641 003., P.S SRINIVASAN , R CHANDRA BABU ,   Department of Crop PHysiology,Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore- 641 003., N NATARAJARATNAM ,   Department of Crop PHysiology,Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore- 641 003., S.R SREERANGASWAMY ,   School of Genectics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003
Published: September 2023

Studies were initiated to regulate the leaf senescence in early maturing cultivar of greengram. Co 3 during monsoon 1983. Benzyl adenine (BA) was employed to retard the leaf senescence in the cultivar. The foliar spray of benzyl adenine was given at peak flowering phase. The study has brought out that Benzyl adenine spray at peak flowering has, considerably delayed the senescence in early type which was associated with increased leaf chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate and decreased soluble. nitrogen and reducing sugar contents. The number of pods per plant, the total dry matter production, pod yield and seed yield were increased with the level of concen-. tration in the cultivar. A marginal increase in harvest index was obtained in the culti var. In general, the benzyl adenine spray was found to retard the leaf senescence in the early maturing greengram cultivar.
VARIETAL STRESS TO ZINC NUTRITION IN RICE
Authors:   Dept.of Soil Science and Agrl,Chemistry  University Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, G VELU , P SAVITHIRI ,   Dept.of Soil Science and Agrl,Chemistry  University Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003
Published: September 2023

Twenty three rice varieties and pre-release cultures selected for the experiment from main rice growing tracts of Tamil Nadu were screened for their susceptibility or resistancy to zinc deficiency by sand culture technique. The characters such as germi nation percentage, dry weight of seedlings and vigour index which is a product of gor- mination percentage and dry weight ot seedlings were determined. The varieties were categorised into four groups namely resistant, less susceptible, moderately suscep- tible and highly susceptible based on their performance in vigour index over the Control and the concentrations of nutrient applied. The tissue zinc content of seed and seed- lings was also determined to find out the relationship.
INFLUENCE OF SEASON AND N, P AND K NUTRIENTS ON THE GROWTH AND FLOWERING OF MS 51 41 A AND THE YIELD OF KM 2 BAJRA HYBRID SEED
Authors:   Assitant Professor, Department of seed  technology Tamil Nadu agricultural University Coimbatore-3, K VANANGAMUDI , K.R RAMASWAMY ,   Dean, (Agri) Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003 Tamilnadu
Published: September 2023

Field experiment conducted during summer and winter seasons of 1979, revealed that (1) application of N significantly influenced the period of flowering, plant height and number of productive tillers; (ii) application of P resulted in significant differ- ences in the flowering period and number of productive tillers; (iii) K application increased the plant height and number of productivo tillers in the winter season only; (iv) the optimum doses of N, P and k for obtaining maximum yield of quality seed was 100, 50 and 50 kg/ha, respectively and (v) the yiold of seed was higher from the winter than from the summer crop.
INFLUENCE OF THE TIME AND QUANTITY OF NITROGEN APPLICATION ON THE NITROGEN UPTAKE PATTERN IN SORGHUM (CSH.5)1
Authors:   Professor of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, V.S KORIKA NTHIMATH , S.P PALANIAPPAN ,   Professor of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003
Published: September 2023

Field experiments were conducted in summer and Kharif, 1974 under irrigation at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, to study the influence of the time and quantity of N application on the N uptake pattern in sorghum (CSH.5). Plant samples were collected from experimental plots at 10 days interval and analysed for N content. Total N uptake and uptake pattern were worked out. Application of N in 4 equal splits viz. basal, on 26th, 52nd. and 80th day after sowing, gave the maximum N uptake. Rate of N uptake gradually increased up to about 40 days of sowing, reaching peak in the 40-50 day period. This coincided with the grand growth period. There was a marked fall in the uptake during the flowering stage. Rate of uptake increased again reaching the second peak in 60-70 day period. A net loss of N from plant was noticed in the period just preceding harvest.
RESIDUE LEVELS OF CERTAIN INSECTICIDE DUSTS IN RICE GRAIN AND STRAW
Authors:   Department of Agricultural Entomology Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, K RAJUKKANNU , P DORAISAMY ,   Department of Agricultural Entomology Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, R RAJENDRAN ,   Department of Agricultural Entomology Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003
Published: September 2023

The insecticides viz., methyl parathion, quinalphos, malathion, carbaryl and 'HCH when used as dust to protect rice crop against rice oarhead bug during the flowering and grain forming stage, either left non-detectable level or residues well below the tolerance level in hand pounded rice, bran and straw. Even two rounds of dusting did not alter the situation. Therefore when the above mentioned chemicals were dusted once or twice 26 days before the harvest, the rice samples were devoid of any toxic residues of these chemicals. A safe waiting period of 3 weeks may be recommended between the application of these chemicals and the harvest of rice. The ND values or the low level of residues in all the treatment samples suggest that the waiting period suggested could still be reduced without any residue hazard.
GENETIC VARIATION AND GENOTYPE-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION IN SESAMUM (Sesamum indicum. L.)
Authors:   Assitant Professor, Regional Research Station, Vridhachalam 606 001., M KANDASWAMY
Published: September 2023

The genetic parameters viz.. genotypic and phenotypic variations, genotypic and phe- notypic coefficient of variation, heritability and genetic advance as percentage of mean were assessed from nine varieties of sesamum. Genotype x environment interaction was not significant for height up to first capsule, number of branches, number of capsule on main stem, number of capsule on branches and number of capsule per plant. The genetic coefficient of variability for number of branches was consistant at all environments. Number of branches, number of capsule on branches, number of seeds per capsule and yield have high values for both heritability (56.4 to 95.4) and genetic advance (14.8 to 48.0) and indicated additize gene effects in these traits. Due importance might be given in selection programme for the traits number of branches, number of capsule, number of seeds par capsule and yield.