bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Normalized solutions for a class of scalar field equations involving mixed fractional Laplacians
Authors: Luo Tingjian , Hajaiej Hichem
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this article is to establish sharp conditions for the existence of normalized solutions to a class of scalar field equations involving mixed fractional Laplacians with different orders. This study includes the case when one operator is local and the other one is non-local. This type of equation arises in various fields ranging from biophysics to population dynamics. Due to the importance of these applications, this topic has very recently received an increasing interest. In this article, we provide a complete description of the existence/non-existence of ground state solutions using constrained variational approaches. This study addresses the mass subcritical, critical and supercritical cases. Our model presents some difficulties due to the “conflict” between the different orders and requires a novel analysis, especially in the mass supercritical case. We believe that our results will open the door to other valuable contributions in this important field.
Artificial intelligence in clinical applications for lung cancer: diagnosis, treatment and prognosis
Authors: Pei Qin , Luo Yanan , Chen Yiyu , Li Jingyuan , Xie Dan , Ye Ting
Published: June 2022

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a branch of computer science that includes research in robotics, language recognition, image recognition, natural language processing, and expert systems. AI is poised to change medical practice, and oncology is not an exception to this trend. As the matter of fact, lung cancer has the highest morbidity and mortality worldwide. The leading cause is the complexity of associating early pulmonary nodules with neoplastic changes and numerous factors leading to strenuous treatment choice and poor prognosis. AI can effectively enhance the diagnostic efficiency of lung cancer while providing optimal treatment and evaluating prognosis, thereby reducing mortality. This review seeks to provide an overview of AI relevant to all the fields of lung cancer. We define the core concepts of AI and cover the basics of the functioning of natural language processing, image recognition, human-computer interaction and machine learning. We also discuss the most recent breakthroughs in AI technologies and their clinical application regarding diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis in lung cancer. Finally, we highlight the future challenges of AI in lung cancer and its impact on medical practice.
Giving voice to space: the grammar of Northern Alta spatial roots
Authors: Garcia-Laguia Alexandro Xavier
Published: June 2022

Recent cross-linguistic studies on spatial language reveal a great diversity in the way languages encode spatial information. Yet, given that there are not many spatial studies that have systematically targeted languages with a Philippine-type voice system, it is not clear how spatial expression is structured in such languages. The aim of this study is to address this knowledge gap through an in-depth investigation of Northern Alta, a language presenting such a voice system. The study combines data from stimulus-based tasks with a modern documentation corpus of the language and elicited data to examine the linguistic strategies deployed in four different spatial subdomains: location, disposition, orientation, and routes. The results show that each subdomain favors a distinct set of derivational affixes and a particular set of lexical roots. It is argued that the morphological system of the language plays a crucial role in the structuring of spatial expression. It allows roots with spatial meanings such as ‘front’, ‘side’, ‘top’, and ‘back’ to derive a variety of spatial verbs that are key in several spatial domains. The study also shows that Philippine-type languages have important information to contribute to cross-linguistic studies of spatial language.
Improving structure and corrosion resistance of micro-arc oxidation coatings formed on aluminum alloy with the addition of La2O3
Authors: Yang Biao , Wang Ping , Hu Jie , Gong Yunbai , Liu Jiwei , Gong Zeyu , Xiong Dan , Xiang Dong
Published: June 2022

Ceramic coatings were prepared on 6061 aluminum alloy in electrolytes containing La2O3 particles using the micro-arc oxidation technique. The main work focuses on the microstructure, phase composition, elemental distribution and corrosion resistance of micro-arc oxidation coatings. The results showed that the addition of La2O3 increased the oxidation voltage and promoted the formation rate. Scanning electron microscopy observations indicated that the quantity of discharge micropores decreased and the thickness increased, and thus, the microhardness increased. The X-ray diffraction results showed that the coatings mainly consisted of γ-Al2O3, α-Al2O3 and SiO2. Electrochemical corrosion tests showed that the corrosion resistance of the coated sample with La2O3 increased greatly because the addition of La2O3 significantly reduced the micropores of the coating surface and made the coating thicker, smoother and harder. Hence, the addition of La2O3 can optimize the structure of the micro-arc oxidation coating and improve its corrosion resistance.
The Global Meaning of the Pluralistic Chinese Cultural Tradition
Authors: Li Xuetao
Published: June 2022

Since the 17th century, works translated into European languages about China such as the Jesuit reports have given rise to a misleading impression that China has only Confucian tradition. To some extent, Confucianism defines the cultural identity of traditional China, but it does not mean that Confucianism steered traditional Chinese culture into monoculturalism. The tradition of unity in diversity is the fundamental reason why Chinese culture has withstood the test of time. Cultural pluralism not only existed in the history, but it still has a subtle impact on Chinese society and Chinese people today. From the Eastern Han Dynasty (25–220) to the modern age, Chinese culture has integrated elements of Buddhism, Christianity as well as Western science and social knowledge, which provided it with a potential of transformation and recreation. The author holds that it is this potential that empowers Chinese culture to meet the new challenges of Western modernity without cutting off its connection with the tradition.
Improved the coconut shell biochar properties for bio-electricity generation of microbial fuel cells from synthetic wastewater
Authors: Thipraksa Junjira , Chaijak Pimprapa
Published: June 2022

A microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a green device that utilizes chemical energy in organic materials to generate electricity. The low-cost electrode used in this study was made from agricultural waste, coconut shells. The electrochemical properties were improved by combining oxidizing agents and microwave heating processes. The modified coconut shell electrode outperformed virgin biochar by 30.89-fold (230.13±10.11 m2/g). The maximum open-circuit voltage, current density, and power density are respectively 995.00±5.00 mV, 841.67±14.43 mA/m2, and 283.42±9.67 mW/m2. This study demonstrated that modified coconut shell biochar could be used as a low-cost alternative electrode for electricity generation.
Simulating and modeling CO2 flux emitted from decomposed oil palm root cultivated at tropical peatland as affected by water content and residence time
Authors: Pulunggono Heru Bagus , Fitriana Syva , Nadalia Desi , Zulfajrin Moh , Nurazizah Lina Lathifah , Mubarok Husni , Tambusai Nizam , Anwar Syaiful , Sabiham Supiandi
Published: June 2022

Determining the oil palm dead roots contribution to total (Rt) and heterotrophic (Rh) respiration as a source of greenhouse gas/GHG emission in tropical peatland is urgently required, as well as predicting their magnitude to cope with difficulties of direct in-situ measurement. This study is designed to simulate the CO2 flux emitted from oil palm dead roots/Rdr in tropical peatland as affected by water content/WC and residence time/RT. The dead oil palm roots were cleaned, treated with control/15, 100, 150, 300, and 450%WC, and then incubated for three months. CO2 flux measurement, C, N, and CN ratio determination were conducted every month. This study demonstrated the importance Rdr among other CO2 emission sources, ranging from 0.05-2.3 Mg CO2 ha-1 year-1 with an average of 0.7 Mg CO2 ha-1 year-1. Rdr contribution for literature Rt and Rh were around 0.3 to 1.3 and 0.9 to 3.5%, respectively. As a product of microbial respiration, Rdr was affected by WC and RT, supported by analysis of variance, linear mixed effect model/REML, and multivariate analysis. 100-150%WC resulting in significant and highest Rdr, whereas the increase (300-450%WC) or decrease (15%WC) would generate lower emission. Rdr culminated in the first month after incubation; meanwhile, it declined in the following months. This study also emphasized non-linear relationships between CO2 flux and other root properties, which can be modeled conveniently using non-linear approach, particularly using polynomial and artificial intelligence-based models. The simulation presented in this study served as an initial attempt to separate Rdr from Rh, as well as to predict CO2 flux with reasonable accuracy and interpretable methods.
Evaluation of biochar from tea pruning residue and tea fluff compost utilization to alleviate soil chemical properties on an Inceptisol
Authors: Athallah Faris Nur Fauzi , Wulansari Restu
Published: June 2022

The inorganic fertilizer that is used excessively in tea plantations causes soil health degradation. Tea pruning residue and tea fluff are local biomass that has the potential to be used as alternatives to soil nutrient input that is not well conducted in the tea plantation. This study evaluated biochar from the residue of tea pruning and tea fluff compost as potential organic materials to improve the chemical properties of soil in tea plantations. The tea pruning residue biochar and tea fluff compost were mixed in Inceptisols in a pot experiment with treatment combinations of A = control, B = 2.5 t manure compost/ha, C= 0.25% biochar + 1 t tea fluff compost/ha, D = 0.50% biochar + 1 t tea fluff compost/ha, E= 0.75% biochar + 1 t tea fluff compost /ha, F = 0.25% biochar + 1 t tea fluff compost/ha + 2.5 t manure compost/ha, G = 0.50% biochar + 1 t tea fluff compost/ha + 2.5 t manure compost/ha, and H = 0.75% biochar + 1 t tea fluff compost/ha + 2.5 t manure compost/ha. Soil incubation was conducted for 90 days, and soil samples were analyzed for pH, organic C, available P, exchangeable Mg, and exchangeable K contents. The results showed that the mixture of 0.50% biochar + 1 t tea fluff compost /ha + 2.5 t manure compost/ha gave the most optimal improvement in soil properties. The improvement percentages of soil properties obtained were available P of 334%, Exchangeable Mg of 38%, exchangeable K of 244% and pH of 4.6.
Land management, dynamics and vegetation vulnerability analysis in the Guna-Tana watershed as a predictor of land degradation, using remote sensing data
Authors: Ejegu Mulualem Asfaw , Reta Kinda Gebyahu , Yegizaw Endalkachew Sisay , Biru Belay Zeleke , Mekonnen Debrie Mersha , Wassie Gebrie Kassa , Tegegne Melak Abebe , Dirar Tiku Melak , Dubale Yosef Gebremikeal
Published: June 2022

The vegetative coverage throughout the world is rapidly changing, which also directly affects the land degradation. Therefore, this study was intended to investigate the vegetation vulnerability analysis triggered by land use/land cover (LULC) dynamics as an indicator of land degradation conditions using Remote Sensing and GIS in Guna-tana watershed. Trend studies and cross-sectional research design was employed, which produces data from the population at a particular point in time and to examine patterns of change with a mixed research approach to examine the degree of influence to measure the sensitivity analysis. A multi-criteria decision evaluation was used to create a vegetation vulnerability map for the research area. The vulnerability model was run using four sets of parameters: closeness to the road, slope, settlement closeness, and land use planning. Landsat imageries of 1995 and 2020 was used to conduct a comparative study of land use pattern. The study area has experienced a sequence of land degradation from 1995 to 2020, according to the results of multitemporal data. Agricultural and built-up lands have increased throughout this time, while forest and shrub land has decreased. The vegetation vulnerability of the area also shows that 19.23% extreme vulnerable and 67.03% very strongly vulnerable which is more than 80% of the area is highly vulnerable to vegetation. Vegetation suitability and land management evaluation is critical for determining the risk of land deterioration, that shows the adverse effects on ecological elements due to a decrease in metabolic capacity and patch disintegration processes. 
The Human Genome Project as a Singular Episode in the History of Genomics
Authors: García-Sancho Miguel , Leng Rhodri , Viry Gil , Wong Mark , Vermeulen Niki , Lowe James
Published: June 2022

In this paper, we progressively de-center the Human Genome Project (HGP) in the history of genomics and human genomics. We show that the HGP, understood as an international effort to make the human reference genome sequence publicly available, constitutes a specific model of genomics: prominent and influential but nevertheless distinct from others that preceded, existed alongside, and succeeded it. Our analysis of a comprehensive corpus of publications describing human DNA sequences submitted to public databases from 1985 to 2005 reveals a plethora of authoring institutions, with only a few contributing to the HGP. Examining these publications in a co-authorship network enables us to propose two different sequencing approaches—horizontal and vertical sequencing—whose changing dynamics shaped the history of human genomics. We argue that investigating the extent to which different institutions combined these approaches or prioritized one of them captures the history of genomics better than using the categories of large-scale sequence production and sequence use, as much scholarly literature concerning the HGP has done. Sequence production and use became fully distinct only within the HGP model, and especially during the last stages of this endeavor. By exploring a collaboration between Celera Genomics, a large-scale sequencing institution, and two medical genetics laboratories, we show the potential of our co-authorship network and its analysis for historical research. Our study connects the historiographies of medical genetics and human genomics and indicates that the so-called translational gap from sequence data to clinical outcomes may reflect the assumption that genomics was substantially different from prior and parallel genetics research. This essay is part of a special issue entitled The Sequences and the Sequencers: A New Approach to Investigating the Emergence of Yeast, Human, and Pig Genomics, edited by Miguel García-Sancho and James Lowe.
The model of teachers’ attitude to uncertainty construct: With the main focus on different generations of educators
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Kazakevich Irina Vitalievna , Sinko Tatiana Viktorovna ,   Don State Technical University, Pishchik Vlada Igorevna ,   Don State Technical University
Published: June 2022

Introduction. The article analyzes the concepts of tolerance to uncertainty. The problem of the research is that very few studies have investigated the essence of the construct of uncertainty and its determining factors in teaching practice of educators belonging to different types of generations. The purpose of the research is to build a model of the construct of attitude to uncertainty among teachers of different generations. Materials and Methods. 163 teachers aged between 23 and 67 years (Belaya Kalitva, Rostov-on-Don) were interviewed. Data for this study were collected using the following methods and inventories: “Determination of the reflexivity level”; “Tolerance to uncertainty”; “Ten-point personality questionnaire”; methodology of basic stereotypes of normative attitudes in social behavior. Statistical data processing was carried out using the Mann-Whitney difference criterion, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Results. The authors summarized the ideas about the phenomenon of uncertainty in personal, cognitive, situational and affective aspects. The empirical study focusing on comparing the indicators of tolerance to uncertainty was conducted and its relationships with the level of reflexivity, behavior stereotypes and personality traits of teachers – representatives of the "Informational" and "Transitional" generations were identified. Significant differences between representatives of generations in measured indicators were revealed. Both groups demonstrated collectivism in basic behavioral stereotypes. The connection between tolerance to uncertainty and reflexivity was confirmed. Based on empirical data, a four-factor model of teachers' attitude to uncertainty has been constructed, including the level of reflexivity, tolerance to uncertainty, behavior stereotypes, and personality traits. Conclusions. The authors identified the structure and internal connections within a complex psychological object – tolerance to uncertainty. A four-factor model of the construct of the attitude to uncertainty as a difficult-to-formalize object has been constructed and correlated to empirical data.
Effects of Visual Environment on Students Adjustment to Stress
Authors: Yılmaz Sevgi
Published: June 2022

The impact of stress on visual landscape perception was assessed in a photo-based survey. The survey was first performed when the student participants were expected to be stressed just prior to an important examination. The same students were asked to respond to the same questionnaire a month after the examination when they were expected to have a lower level of stress. Then respondents answered some daily activities, personal study habits, and feelings before an exam. They also provided ratings of how much a selection of environmental factors generally influence their ability to study and their academic success. In the main perceptual survey reactions to a selection of 22 landscape scenes photos were reported by ratings (1–5) of the extent to which each of six emotions was associated with each scene. Differences in emotions ratings for the represented landscapes during high-stress and low-stress periods were analyzed by multiple comparison and Pearson correlational methods using the SPSS 17.00 package. Stress tests confirmed higher stress in the first versus second survey and perceptual ratings showed significant statistical differences in emotion ratings between landscape scenes, as well as both main effects and interactions between high stress and low stress conditions. Scene ratings for each emotion were strongly positively correlated between high stress and lower stress conditions. At the same time, respondents generally gave slightly higher ratings for positive emotions -excited, relaxing, happiness-when in the high stress condition and moderately higher ratings for negative emotions -stressed, irritating, scary-, compared to their ratings when tested later under lower stress conditions. This study indicated that stress conditions affect perception, and stressed conditions gave higher emotionality overall than the unstressed condition. In general, in both stressed and unstressed conditions, the students gave the highest scores (>3.4) to convenience and the lowest score (<2) to scary. The main limitations of this study are the large number of environmental factors that influence people's perception. The strongest determiner of emotion ratings was the landscape scenes themselves. Inspection of outliers in the scatter plots and multiple comparisons articulating higher order interactions with stress conditions revealed clear differences in the patterns of emotions ratings, especially for scenes representing water surfaces, open green spaces, and seasonal plant scenes.
СУЧАСНИЙ СТАН КРЕДИТУВАННЯ МАЛОГО БІЗНЕСУ ТА ЙОГО РОЛЬ У РОЗВИТКУ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ
Authors: Zhavoronok A.V.
Published: June 2022

В наш час держава та фінансово-кредитні інститути стали приділяти більше уваги вирішенню проблем малого бізнесу і наслідок впливу держави на процес становлення даного підприємництва став більш відчутнішим. Актуальність даної теми визначена необхідністю вирішення значного переліку проблем та ліквідації перешкод на шляху отримання банківського кредиту для забезпечення нормального рівня їх функціонування бізнесу. Створення системи результативних, взаємовигідних відносин комерційних банків та малого бізнесу з приводу фінансово-кредитного забезпечення повинно стати основною нормою цивілізованого вітчизняного ринкового господарства. Мета статті полягає у розвитку напрямів удосконалення ринку кредитування малого бізнесу на основі новітніх банківських технологій, а також ідентифікації та впровадженні в кредитний процес вітчизняних комерційних банків пропозицій щодо його активізації і визначення його ролі у розвитку національної економіки. Для досягнення поставленої мети використано загально наукові та специфічні методи дослідження: описовий, статистичний, структурний, монографічний методи, а також аналітичний метод. Як показало дослідження, на сьогоднішній день проблеми при взаємодії малих фірм і банків перешкоджають ефективному співробітництву економічних агентів, що розглядаються, і призводять до «замкнутого кола», в якому недостатність розвитку сектора малого бізнесу та його неефективність тягне за собою небажання банків кредитувати малий бізнес через високі кредитні ризики. Це, у свою чергу, не дозволяє сектору малого бізнесу наростити обсяг кредитів та отримати необхідні фінансові ресурси для розвитку, що посилює гостроту цих проблем. В результаті бар'єр між банками і малим бізнесом продовжує зростати, про що свідчить зниження обсягів кредитування малих підприємств, зростання проблемної заборгованості банків, збільшення числа банкрутств малого бізнесу тощо. Разом з цим відбувається наростання взаємної емпатії між банками та МБ. Банки розглядають роботу з малими фірмами, як клопітку і, як правило, яка породжує масу проблем у вигляді неповернення кредиту чи проблемної заборгованістю. Для банку набагато простіше та ефективніше забезпечити кредитом одне велике підприємство, ніж обслуговувати кілька сотень малих. Наукова новизна полягає у виявленні основних проблем сталого розвитку ринку кредитування малого і бізнесу в Україні та розробці і практичному впровадженні напрямків їх удосконалення через призму вдосконалення внутрішніх механізмів кредитування та інституційних умов функціонування малого бізнесу.
ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ЦИФРОВИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ В КОНСАЛТИНГУ З ОБЛІКУ І ОПОДАТКУВАННЯ
Authors: Balaniuk I.F. , Ivanyuk T.L
Published: June 2022

Стаття направлена на дослідження застосування цифрових технологій в консалтингу з обліку та оподаткування, які є важливою складовою розвитку бухгалтерського обліку. Визначено, що одним із перспективних напрямків розвитку бізнесу підприємств є впровадження в їх економічну діяльність цифрових технології. Слід зазначити, що застосування цифрових технологій є досить актуальним питанням для діяльності консалтингових компаній з обліку та оподаткування. Розкрито вплив цифрових технологій на розвиток консалтингових послуг у сфері бухгалтерського обліку та оподаткування господарських операцій.

Метою статті є дослідження застосування цифрових технологій в консалтингу з обліку та оподаткування в частині можливостей, які вони утворюють, та ризиків, які вони породжують.

Для досягнення поставленої мети у статті застосовано наступні методи дослідження, такі-як: дедукція – для визначення основних переваг та недоліків застосування кожного виду цифрових технологій; системний аналіз – для вивчення облікових процесів у їх взаємозв’язку та взаємозалежності із включенням причинно-наслідкових зв’язків; синтез – для підсумку розрізнених аспектів дослідження цифрових технологій в консалтингу з обліку та оподаткування; абстрагування – для визначення узагальнених висновків.

У статті проаналізовано види цифрових технологій, які можуть використовуватися в консалтингу з обліку та оподаткування; визначено основні переваги та недоліки використання цифрових технологій у діяльності консалтингових компаній; виділено головні особливості в реєстрації господарських операції під час ведення бухгалтерського обліку та оподаткування консалтинговими компаніями із застосуванням цифрових технологій.

Науковою новизною дослідження виступає систематизація та аналіз цифрових технологій в консалтингу з обліку та оподаткування, а саме виділено п’ять основних інформаційних технологій: технологія хмарних обчислень; програмний робот і технології штучного інтелекту; технологія блокчейн; технології роботи з великими масивами даних; Інтернет речей. Наведено приклади із впровадження в господарську діяльність даних цифрових технологій в сфері обліку.

Результати наукового процесу можуть бути застосовані консалтинговими компаніями та господарськими одиницями під час ведення обліку та оподаткування сторонніми виконавцями.
Synthesis and crystal structure of two-slab Ba1-хSrxNd2In2O7 indates
Authors: Titov Y.A. , Belyavina N.N. , Slobodyanik M.S. , Nakonechna O.I. , Strutynska N.Yu.
Published: June 2022

The conditions of isovalent substitution of Barium atoms by Strontium atoms in the A-position of the BaNd2In2O7 two-slab perovskite-like structure of Ba1-xSrxNdIn2O7 are established: 0 <=x<= 0.22. The tetragonal (P42/mnm) crystal structure of Ba1-xSrxNdIn2O7 phases with x = 0.1 and 0.2 was determined by the Rietveld method. Ba1-xSrxNdIn2O7 structure is based on two-dimensional (infinite in the XY plane) perovskite-like blocks of two slabs connected by vertices of deformed InO6 octahedra. Neighboring blocks are separated by a layer of NdO9 polyhedra and interconnected by O – Nd – O bonds. It is found that isovalent substitution of Barium atoms by Strontium atoms reduces the Nd – O2 interblock distance, which brings the structure of two-dimensional slab structure closer to the structure of three-dimensional perovskite and is one of the main factors of destruction of Ba1-xSrxNdIn2O7 slab structure at х > 0.2.
GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MAIN ROCKS TYPES OF THE KORSUN'-NOVOMYRHOROD ANORTHOSITE-RAPAKIVI GRANITE PLUTON
Authors: Dubyna O.V. , Kryvdik S.G. , Shvaika I.A. , Shvaika I.D. , Yakubenko P.F. , Proskurka L.I.
Published: June 2022

The geochemical features of most distributed rocks from the Korsun'-Novomyrhorod Pluton are considered. The obtained data give reason to assume that the association of basic and intermediate rocks of the pluton was formed because of the differentiation of the primary melt, similar in composition to high alumina tholeiites. It can be inferred that anorthosites were the earliest rocks that appeared in the early stages of plagioclase crystallization. The chondrite-normalized patterns of REE from anorthosites are characterized by the classical distribution of REE for such rocks, with significant positive Eu-anomalies at low REE concentrations. Further evolution of the residual melts enriched by mafic components could lead to the formation of gabbro-anorthosites. Less distributed gabbronorites and norites were formed because of crystallization of residual melts after segregation of anorthositic and gabbro-anorthositic cumulates. Considering the high iron content in all types of rocks, the basic rocks crystallized from residual melts that were genetically related to anorthosites. But ore-bearing norites (Nosachiv-type), in contrast to most distributed basic rocks, had been formed in the early stages because of simultaneous accumulation of feldspar and ilmenite, followed by gravitational precipitation at lower levels of magmatic chambers. The genesis of monzonite-syenite rocks is more enigmatic. Their geochemical features very resemble those in gabbroic rocks, which gives reason to consider them as a result of residual melts crystallization after escaping from anorthositic and gabbronoritic bodies. Subsequent migration and protracted differentiation of such K-enriched melts could cause the appearance of the high-Fe syenites of the Velyka Vyska-type, enriched in REE, Y, Zr, partially Nb, and depleted in Sr and Ba. Although the geochemical characteristics of rapakivi show significant similarities to monzonitic rocks, their genesis remains problematic. It's worth noting that our findings are more consistent with continental crust melting caused by ascending intrusions of basic composition.
GRANITOIDS OF THE ZACHATIVKA-FEDORIVKA ANTICLINE IN THE MANGUSH SYNCLINORIUM: GEOCHEMICAL FEATURES, ORIGIN, AND AGE (AZOV DOMAIN OF THE UKRAINIAN SHIELD)
Authors: Artemenko G.V. , Stepanyuk L.M. , Dovbysh L.S. , Borodynya B.V.
Published: June 2022

The Paleoproterozoic crust formation in the Azov domain remains underexplored. In the Neoarchean-Paleoproterozoic, the Azov segment of the Archean crust was fragmented by large rift structures. This stage is associated with the formation of Neoarchean-Paleoproterozoic sedimentary-volcanic complexes of the Central Azov Series (2.76-2.22 Ga) and extensive granitoid magmatism. The research aimed at studying granitoid intrusions in the Zachativka-Fedorivka anticline in the Mangush synclinorium of the Central Azov region from the geochemical perspective. Granitoids of the Zachativka-Fedorivka anticline in the Mangush synclinorium include granitoids and later pegmatoidal granites. Plagiogranitoids are moderate-potassium rocks of the K-Na series, with predominance of Na2O over K2O and low Rb/Sr ratio (0.03). They are divided into plagiogranites with low contents of HFS elements and positive europium anomalies and granodiorites with higher contents of HFS elements and predominantly negative europium anomalies. The U-Pb age of titanite from granodiorites is 2028±47 Ma. This age corresponds to the closure of the U-Pb isotope system of titanite and thus reflects the minimum age of granodiorite. The 207Pb/206Pb age of zircon from granites is 2.07-2.09 Ga. The formation of the Paleoproterozoic granitoids of the Central Azov may be related to the activization of the mantle beneath the Azov domain during the formation of the East Sarmatian orogen at ca. 2.1 Ga. They could have formed because of partial melting of the lower crust because of underplating of mafic melts. The 2.05 Ga old vein bodies of pegmatoidal subalkaline granites, were probably formed at the stage of collision of the Sarmatia and Volga-Ural continents.
Changes in BMI During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Knapp Emily A. , Dong Yanan , Dunlop Anne L. , Aschner Judy L. , Stanford Joseph B. , Hartert Tina , Teitelbaum Susan L. , Hudak Mark L. , Carroll Kecia , O’Connor Thomas G. , McEvoy Cindy T. , O’Shea T. Michael , Carnell Susan , Karagas Margaret R. , Herbstman Julie B. , Dabelea Dana , Ganiban Jody M. , Ferrara Assiamira , Hedderson Monique , Bekelman Traci A. , Rundle Andrew G. , Alshawabkeh Akram , Gilbert-Diamond Diane , Fry Rebecca C. , Chen Zhanghua , Gilliland Frank D. , Wright Rosalind J , Camargo Carlos A. , Jacobson Lisa , Lester Barry M. , Hockett Christine W , Hodges Marie L. , Chandran Aruna ,   Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Experts hypothesized increased weight gain in children associated with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Our objective was to evaluate whether the rate of change of child body mass index (BMI) increased during the COVID-19 pandemic compared with prepandemic years.

METHODS

The study population of 1996 children ages 2 to 19 years with at least 1 BMI measure before and during the COVID-19 pandemic was drawn from 38 pediatric cohorts across the United States participating in the Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes-wide cohort study. We modeled change in BMI using linear mixed models, adjusting for age, sex, race, ethnicity, maternal education, income, baseline BMI category, and type of BMI measure. Data collection and analysis were approved by the local institutional review board of each institution or by the central Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes institutional review board.

RESULTS

BMI increased during the COVID-19 pandemic compared with previous years (0.24 higher annual gain in BMI during the pandemic compared with previous years, 95% confidence interval 0.02 to 0.45). Children with BMI in the obese range compared with the healthy weight range were at higher risk for excess BMI gain during the pandemic, whereas children in higher-income households were at decreased risk of BMI gain.

CONCLUSIONS

One effect of the COVID-19 pandemic is an increase in annual BMI gain during the COVID-19 pandemic compared with the 3 previous years among children in our national cohort. This increased risk among US children may worsen a critical threat to public health and health equity.
Concomitant intravascular and extravascular obstructive shock: a case report of cardiac angiosarcoma presenting with pericardial tamponade
Authors: Zuler Mor , Offenbacher Joseph , Deri Yotam , Berzon Baruch
Published: June 2022

Atraumatic pericardial tamponade and intracardiac masses are both recognized etiologies of acute obstructive shock. Pericardial tamponade, is a cardiovascular emergency commonly considered by emergency physicians and, as a result, evaluation for this process has been incorporated into standardized point of care ultrasound algorithms for assessing hypotension. Obstructive shock secondary to intracardiac tumors is an atypical clinical presentation, and although it is evaluated by the same ultrasound imaging modality, it is generally not considered or evaluated for in the emergency department setting. The concomitant presentation of these two pathologic processes is an extremely rare oncologic emergency. Existing literature on the subject is found in a small number of case reports with nearly no prior descriptions in emergency medicine references. In the right clinical context this unique presentation should be considered and evaluated for in the emergency department via point of care ultrasound modality to help guide in the management of the resulting obstructive shock.
The effect of COVID-19 pandemic on the length of stay and outcomes in the emergency department
Authors: Chun Soh Yeon , Kim Ho Jung , Kim Han Bit
Published: June 2022

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the change in length of stay (LOS) in the emergency department (ED) and outcomes during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.Methods This is a single-center, retrospective observational study. We compared ED LOS and outcomes in patients aged ≥19 years who presented to the ED of Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, a single tertiary university hospital, between January and December in 2018, 2019, and 2020. We included patients who were diagnosed with fever, pneumonia, and sepsis in the ED, based on the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision. We also compared the LOS and outcomes of overall ED patients in 2019 (before COVID-19) and in 2020 (after COVID-19).Results A total of 5,061 patients with fever, pneumonia, and sepsis were analyzed. The LOS in the ED in 2020 significantly increased compared with 2018 and 2019 (177.0±115.0 minutes in 2018, 154.0±85.0 minutes in 2019, and 208.0±239.0 minutes in 2020). The proportion of patients who were transferred to other hospitals in 2020 (2.1%) increased compared with 2018 (0.8%) and 2019 (0.7%). Intensive care unit admission significantly increased in 2020 (13.7%) compared with 2019 (10.3%). Among all ED patients, ED LOS in 2020 was longer than in 2019, particularly in patients who were admitted and then transferred to another hospital. Intensive care unit admission (4.4% vs. 5.0%), transfer rate (0.7% vs. 0.9%), and ED mortality (0.6% vs. 0.7%) also significantly increased.Conclusion The ED LOS, time to intensive care unit admissions, time to transfer to other hospitals, and ED mortality significantly increased during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Suicide attempts presenting to the emergency department before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a comparative study
Authors: Lee Inhak , Choi Juyoung , Kim Keun Soo , Suh Joohyun , Kim Jae Hwan , Kim SungHwan
Published: June 2022

Objective To compare and analyze the differences in the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of suicide attempters who visited an emergency department (ED) before and during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic.Methods This single center, retrospective study was conducted by reviewing the medical records of patients in the “self-injury/suicide” category of the National Emergency Department Information System who visited an ED between January 2019 and December 2020. We obtained information on baseline characteristics, suicide attempt, and disposition. Data were analyzed using the chi-squared test.Results A total of 456 patients were included. The number of patients visiting the ED for suicide attempts increased by 18.2% (from 209 to 247 cases) during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the ratio of suicide attempters to the total number of ED visits increased by 48.8% (from 0.43% to 0.64%, P<0.001). There were significant differences in methods of suicide attempt, endotracheal intubation, ED disposition, and the presence of mental illness. Drug overdose (42.1% vs. 53.4%) and gas inhalation (5.7% vs. 8.5%) increased, and hanging decreased (6.0% vs. 2.0%) during the pandemic. Endotracheal intubation (13.9% vs. 5.7%) and intensive care unit admission (29.7% vs. 14.6%) decreased. More patients with the history of mental illness visited during the pandemic (54.0% vs. 70.1%).Conclusion Since the COVID-19 pandemic began, suicide attempts have increased in this single ED although the lethality of those attempts is low.
Characteristics of frequent emergency department users in Korea: a 4-year retrospective analysis using Korea Health Panel Study data
Authors: Yoon Jihoon , Kim Min Joung , Kim Kyung Hwan , Park Junseok , Shin Dong Wun , Kim Hoon , Jeon Woochan , Kim Hyunjong , Kim Jungeon , Park Joon Min
Published: June 2022

Objective We aimed to investigate the characteristics of frequent emergency department (ED) users in Korea.Methods We analyzed the Korea Health Panel Study data of a sampled population from the 2005 Population Census of Korea data, and adults (age ≥18 years) who visited the ED at least once a year between 2014 and 2017 were included in the study. People who visited three or more times a year were classified as frequent users. We compared demographic, socioeconomic, and health-related factors between nonfrequent and frequent users. We used a multivariable logistic regression analysis to determine factors related to frequent ED visits. We also compared the characteristics of ED use in both nonfrequent and frequent users.Results A total of 5,090 panels were included, comprising 6,853 visits. Frequent users were 333 (6.5% of all panels), and their ED visits were 1,364 (19.9% of all ED visits). In the multivariable regression analysis, medical aid coverage (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] of the National Health Service coverage, 0.55; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.40–0.75), unemployment (aOR of employment, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.56–0.91), prior ward admission in a year (aOR, 2.14; 95% CI, 1.67–2.75), and frequent outpatient department use (aOR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.35–2.20) were associated with frequent use. Moreover, frequent users visited the ED of public hospitals more often than than nonfrequent users (19.2% vs. 9.8%). Medical problems rather than injury/poisoning were the more common reasons for visiting the ED (84.5% vs. 71.2%).Conclusion We found that frequent ED users were likely to be those with socioeconomic disadvantage or with high demand for medical service. Based on this study, further studies on interventions to reduce frequent ED use are required for better ED services.
Current updates in acute traumatic aortic injury: radiologic diagnosis and management
Authors: Gupta Shivani , Kumar Atin , Kaur Tejinder , Gamanagatti Shivanand , Kumar Abhinav , Gupta Amit , Kumar Subodh
Published: June 2022

Acute traumatic aortic injuries, which have substantial lethal outcomes at the time of admission, are fatal in 80% to 90% of cases. These injuries are relatively rare and have nonspecific clinical presentations. Radiologists and emergency physicians need to identify the radiological signs of acute traumatic aortic injury and differentiate them from common imaging errors to ensure accurate diagnosis and determine appropriate management protocols. In combination with image-guided interventions, advances in cross-sectional imaging have enabled nonsurgical management of acute traumatic aortic injuries. Timely and precise diagnoses of these injuries following prompt treatment are essential as up to 90% of patients presenting at the hospital can undergo early repair.
Happiness or Quality of Life? Or Both?
Authors: Murgaš František , Petrovič František , Maturkanič Patrik , Kralik Roman
Published: June 2022

Aim. The aim of the article is to look for an answer to the question of whether it is worthwhile to deal only with happiness and to leave the exploration of quality of life as something which is not viable, or if it makes sense to deal with both phenomena. If so, what is the relationship between them? At the same time, we ask ourselves whether happiness and quality of life are perceived equally by people and are therefore interchangeable.
Results. The answer is also confirmed by measuring the number of published articles monitored in the Web of Science. The quantification of happiness and quality of life implies that their correlation is high but not so high that they can be identified as the same. At the same time, if happiness and quality of life are different phenomena, it makes sense to deal with both.
Method. The research was conducted using the face-to-face interview method.
Conclusion. Happiness and quality of life, in terms of attention given to them by researchers, are quite different.  We think mistakenly that they are the same on account of the preponderance of impression given to happiness in public space.
Motivation Behind the Preference of Distance Education of Higher Education Students
Authors: Pidbutska Nina , Knysh Anastasiia , Chebakova Yulia , Shtuchenko Iryna , Babchuk Olena
Published: June 2022

Aim. The aim of the study is to investigate into the motives of learning that are inherent in students with different attitudes to distance learning. The main objectives of the study are as follows: to analyze the attitude to different forms of distance learning of students of higher education institutions; to investigate the main forms of scientific motivation of students of higher education institutions; to compare how the scientific motivation of students with different attitudes to distance learning differs.

Methods. The study involved 211 students majoring in science (physics, chemistry). The study uses the following methods: 1) attitude questionnaire; 2) Science Motivation Questionnaire II; 3) statistical methods. The following is used for statistical data processing: descriptive statistics methods (to measure the percentage of people with different attitude towards organization of distance learning); ANOVA (to compare levels of science motivational types of students with different preferences in educational models).

Results. It was determined that 38% of students are positive about distance education and see great opportunities for its implementation. But only 22.75% of students consider distance learning the best option of educational process organisation, and 21.8% are in favor of an exclusive face-to-face format. The most popular form among students is mixed form of education (55.45%). Students with a positive attitude to distance education are characterized by the highest scores on intrinsic motivation, self-efficacy and career motivation. Therefore, proponents of distance education are mostly students who have a good understanding of their own goals and learning needs, plan their career advancement, and are well-organized in terms of educational and professional development.

Conclusions. Distance forms of education cannot completely replace traditional ones. But it is already becoming obvious that their use in a mixed format can increase the effectiveness of the educational process. Students' sympathy for the mixed format should be taken into account by the developers of educational programs and university administrations in order to improve the quality of education and meet the requirements of the times.
The Wake of Modernistic Tourism in the Kingdom: A Multimodal Analysis of Online Discourse
Authors: Jabeen Ismat , Hameed Ansa , Afzal Naeem
Published: June 2022

Background: Suadi Vision 2030 is an embodiment of a futuristic vision that aims at attaining significant social, cultural, and economic advancement in the Kingdom within the ongoing decade. And revolutionizing the tourism industry is one of the key components in the Suadi Vision for not only developing a sustainable economic source but also representing the versatility of the Saudi landscape and culture to the outer world.

Problem: However, to attract tourists from around the globe, it is pertinent to clearly and persuasively elucidate what the country has to offer in terms of its tourist attractions, facilities, and activities. For the said purpose, different government and private-run websites provide prime information and description of the tourism opportunities in KSA.

Aim: The current project aimed at analyzing the effectiveness of linguistic and semiotic representation of the content provided online to attract foreign tourists specifically.

Frameworks: The multimodal framework was adopted to analyze the selected content. To evaluate the written discourse, Fairclough’s critical analysis consisting of “description, interpretation, and explanation of text” (p. 109) was implemented. Similarly, to scrutinize the images ‘Grammar of Images’ model promulgated by Kress & van Leeuwen (2006) was employed.

Results: The findings of the study demonstrate that the website discourse effectively presents the Kingdom as a modern, multicultural, and rich landscape for prospective tourists. Also, the imagery and discursive strategies applied positively exhibit the vitality and vivacity of Saudi culture, lifestyle and tourism experience through complementing each other effectively.

Cognitive value: Saudi Vision 2030 has widely been analyzed employing multiple methods and frameworks. However, there is a dearth of research focusing on analyzing the use of discourse as well as images by employing a multimodal framework. This study contributes by addressing this gap in the existing research.
Forgiveness as a predictor of mental health in citizens living in the military conflict zone (2019-2020)
Authors: Kravchuk Svetlana , Khalanskyi Viacheslav
Published: June 2022

Aim. Empirical research focused on the study of forgiveness as a predictor of mental health in citizens living in the east of Ukraine in a situation of military conflict.
Methods. The participants were 302 Ukrainian citizens (152 women; 150 men): 145 citizens living in eastern Ukraine (74 women; 71 men), aged 18 to 50 years and 157 citizens living in the centre of Ukraine (78 women; 79 men), aged 18 to 50 years. The main research methods were as follows: Mental Health Inventory-5 (MHI-5); Mental Health Outcome (BSI-12); Trait Forgivingness (dispositional) Scale; A Short-Version of Forbearance Scale (FS-8); Forgiveness Measures Decision to Forgive Scale (DTFS); Emotional Forgiveness Scale (EFS); The Adult Hope Scale; Flourish and Secure Flourish Scales.
Results. The phenomenon of forgiveness is examined in the article. A more pronounced degree of depression and anxiety was found in citizens living in eastern Ukraine compared to citizens living in the centre of Ukraine. A more pronounced degree of mental health, happiness, and life satisfaction has been observed in citizens living in the centre of Ukraine compared to citizens living in eastern Ukraine.
Conclusion. Hope, happiness, life satisfaction, and a tendency to forgiveness are factors of mental health. Tendency to forgiveness is positively correlated with decisional forgiveness, hope, emotional forgiveness, tolerance, and acceptance of others, mental health, happiness, and life satisfaction, as well as tolerance for the mistakes of others.