bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Szurkolói rendbontások a stadionokban, különös tekintettel a pirotechnikai eszközök alkalmazására
Authors: Tóth Nikolett Ágnes , Móró Lajos
Published: January 2025

Aim: The study examines the provision of spectator team sports, with particular reference to football matches. Unfortunately, the use of pyrotechnic devices is popular among fans attending spectator team sports matches all over the world, but the use of pyrotechnic devices poses extreme safety risks. Therefore, the authors undertook to collect the regulatory norms and proposals for preventive measures that have become necessary to reduce the phenomenon over the years.
Methodology: The study collects the past aspects together with the defining events of the present. As a research method, the authors primarily use the processing of sports law and sports police literature and professional experience gained in connection with the use of pyrotechnic devices.
Findings: As a result of the research, the authors make findings on the application of innovative legal, technical, technological and law enforcement tools and methods that can help football sports events be conducted even safer.
Value: There has not yet been a summary study on the topic that presents the past, present and future of the use of pyrotechnic devices in one study. The summary shows a current action that will have a major impact on security issues.
A szakértői elfogultság a büntetőügyekben II. rész
Authors: Lontai Márton , Pamzsav Horolma , Petrétei Dávid
Published: January 2025

Aim: In the two-part study, the article from Science about Itiel Dror's work is summarized, and then in this second part, his studies related to forensic pathology are studied in detail, with commentaries. All of the results are compared to other scientific papers.
Methodology: After summarizing the second half of the Science article, the study performs a synthesis of numerous commentaries and other international papers. The authors' points of view are summarised at the end of the study.
Findings: The cognitive bias of forensic experts can have a serious impact on the jurisdiction, yet detailed research on the topic had only started after the infamous mistaken identifications around the turn of the millennium. Itiel Dror's role in this is pioneering and undoubted, although this paper clarifies some of his statements, and discusses them in agreement with other authors. We also consider the unilateral presentation of bias to be dangerous. Bias cannot be eliminated or excluded, but with certain techniques, the forensic practitioner can try to reduce the danger.
Value: The study provides a comprehensive picture of the problem of expert bias through the work of Itiel Dror, and also offers useful solutions to mitigate it.
Characteristics of security risks of large industrial investments and their management principles
Authors: Gubics Frigyes
Published: January 2025

Aim: Major construction and investment security is important if order to be done successfully. The aim of this article is to describe and analyses security relations of these kind of projects. Analyzing several part of security they affect the result of construction activities, risk assessment and risk mitigation, and of course to protect stake holders interests are the main directions of security activity. Secured environment also a base of achieve the expected results and activity of loss protection. Transparency, finalized workflows and tactics also can guarantee of a stable background during planning, implementation and later on final operation.
Methodology: The author carried out qualitative research, using secondary data, and conducted a document analysis in order to provide a comprehensive picture of the security-related connections of major industrial investments. Empirical experience also helped the work, as the author himself participated in the management of a priority industrial investment project as a security manager.
Findings: The success of priority industrial investments is significantly influenced by its level of security. Effective security activities require the active cooperation of several organizations. Transparency, meticulous security processes and methods are a kind of guarantee for ensuring a stable framework in the phases of planning, implementation and then operation.
Value: Emphasizing the security risks arising during the preparation of industrial investments, involving interested organizations in the security activity, a kind of preventive security activity in order to prevent the loss of property and help the success of the project.
Kálmán Renáta: A jogklinikai módszertan
Authors: Németh Viktor
Published: January 2025

Aim: Renáta Kálmán's book provides a comprehensive and concise overview of the role of the legal clinic methodology in legal education and its range of applicability. The paper provides an account of the historical progression of the methodology, emphasizes its significance in application, and examines its position and function within the legal systems of Hungary, the Visegrad countries, and the United States. It would come as a surprise to many that the inception of the first Hungarian legal clinic occurred during the 1990s.
Methodology: The primary research methodology employed by the authors incorporates both quantitative (questionnaire) and qualitative (in-depth interview, focus group) techniques. When conducting secondary research, the desk-research methodology is utilized to analyze data from the literature. Considering the absence of a universally accepted definition of legal clinic methodology, the author conducts a conceptual analysis of multiple definitions.
Findings: The author's aim has been unmistakably accomplished through their presentation of a comprehensive overview of the legal clinic system. This not only enhances comprehension of the methodology's working principle, but also situates it within a wider geographical context and the current range of practices. The research explores the beneficiaries and strategies for maximizing the impact of legal clinics.
Value: The legal clinic, as a methodology, is not simply one tool among many. According to Judit Tóth; “(…) simply having human and fundamental rights is insufficient; we must also cultivate the necessary abilities and mindsets to work collectively towards safeguarding these rights using our intellect, compassion, and actions.” (Kálmán, 2023).
Kérdőíves felmérés a biztonsággal és a biztonságérzettel kapcsolatban Budapest „bulinegyedében”
Authors: Mátyás Szabolcs , Tihanyi Miklós , Vári Vince
Published: January 2025

Aim: In the last decade, a relatively new form of tourism has emerged in Central European countries, which has led to a significant transformation in Hungarian tourism. This is the so-called ‘party tourism’, partly because Central European capitals can offer a level of service comparable to that of Western Europe. Prices are much lower, public safety is good, and low-cost airlines offer daily flights. This study focuses on the area from the perspective of tourism security and law enforcement. Two hundred questionnaires were filled out, and tourism security and law enforcement perspectives and residents were interviewed. The primary objective of the research was to analyse the crime statistics and the questionnaires to formulate recommendations to make the city centre of Budapest more liveable for the residents while maintaining the current tourist arrivals.
Methodology: It is a huge responsibility to compile the questions of a questionnaire for the general public, as often, the questionnaire compiler unintentionally edits the questions to build up their working hypothesis. To avoid this common mistake, the authors have carefully studied the international literature and have drawn on this experience to design the questionnaires. The population of the inner city was interviewed. The sample for the population questionnaire was provided by the population aged 18 and over living in the Budapest area. The sample was drawn from different inner city districts on a population-proportional basis (districts V, VI, and VII). The sample size was 200 persons.
Findings: Party tourism is not a uniform disturbance across the districts studied; it is most pronounced among residents of District VII. Slightly more than half of the survey respondents reported being bothered by party tourism. The questionnaire editors assumed that more respondents would indicate they were disturbed by daily or weekly tourism. In contrast, nearly two-thirds of respondents felt they were only bothered by such disturbances monthly. Surprisingly, it was not the oldest age group most affected by these disturbances. Additionally, despite considerable media coverage of problems caused by Airbnb apartments, most residents in the surveyed districts are not directly affected. Only fifteen percent reported having regular issues with a nearby Airbnb apartment.
Value: The main aim of writing this study was to make the research results useful in practice. It should also provide helpful advice for law enforcement and municipal professionals, as well as those working in the tourism sector, municipal professionals, and others. With this in mind, the authors have made a number of specific suggestions in connection with the questionnaire survey.
A tevékenységirányítási központokban dolgozók újszerű képzési lehetőségei a lengyel tapasztalatok alapján
Authors: Mátyás Szabolcs , Hablicsek Nikoletta , Gárdonyi Gergely
Published: January 2025

Aim: The field of law enforcement requires a quick response to new challenges and the use of technical innovations. Most of the authors of the study spent a week at the Police Academy in Szczytno, Poland, during which they learned about a simulation software that improves the existing skills of those working in operations management centers in a virtual system environment. This study aims to present this to the domestic professional audience.
Methodology: The experience is shared by presenting the operation of the foreign system visited and at the same time by reviewing the domestic practice.
Findings: It contains proposals that, based on useful experiences, are aimed at renewing domestic professional training. The training also assumes the transfer of theoretical and practical knowledge.
Value: In our country, this can be effectively implemented with the cooperation of two organizations, and the Polish technology and the related training methodology can be incorporated into the Hungarian training system if required by top management.
Thermo-viscoelastic analysis of a composite disk under parabolic temperature distribution using the Rayleigh-Ritz Method with Trigonometric Ritz Functions
Authors: Khaled Zaiter , Madjid Berrabah  Hamza
Published: January 2025

The study focuses on the thermo-viscoelastic behavior of a composite disk subjected to a parabolic temperature distribution. The analysis employs the Rayleigh-Ritz method, combined with trigonometric Ritz functions, to model the dynamic response of the disk. The key objective is to investigate how temperature variations and viscoelastic material properties influence the radial and tangential stresses and strains in the disk. The thermo-viscoelastic problem is formulated by considering the time-dependent evolution of stresses and strains, incorporating both thermal expansion and viscoelastic relaxation effects. The radial stress and tangential stress are expressed as functions of time, governed by the relaxation functions, respectively. These functions describe the material's viscoelastic behavior, while the thermal expansion coefficients account for temperature-induced strain variations. The parabolic temperature distribution introduces a spatially varying thermal load, which is integrated into the thermo-viscoelastic equations. The Rayleigh-Ritz method is used to discretize the problem, with trigonometric Ritz functions chosen to represent the spatial variation of stresses and strains. This approach allows for efficient computation of the disk's response while capturing the anisotropic and viscoelastic nature of the composite material. The results highlight the interplay between thermal effects and viscoelastic behavior in determining the stress and strain distributions. The parabolic temperature distribution leads to non-uniform thermal expansion, which interacts with the viscoelastic relaxation processes to produce complex stress patterns. The analysis provides insights into the time-dependent evolution of stresses and strains, offering a comprehensive understanding of the thermo-viscoelastic response of the composite disk under thermal loading.
Urban violence as the politics of space in Monterrey, Mexico
Authors: Garcia-Cervantes Natalia
Published: January 2025

Despite decades of research, public policies and responses, urban violence continues to be one of the most ubiquitous phenomena in Latin America affecting social and economic development of the region. Recent policy and research approaches have advocated examining the urban processes that shape the multiple spaces where violence occurs, and where violence is manifested. Drawing from the theoretical framework of the
politics of space
as a transversal concept, this article tries to further understand the complex and sometimes conflicting relationships of people in space, with space and towards space, which would allow us to unravel how these dynamics relate, converge and finally manifest, as urban violence. The framework is grounded in a study of an irregular settlement located in the south-centre of the city of Monterrey, Mexico. It illustrates the different layers at which processes configuring urban violence occur, showing how violence is fluid, elusive and prevalent.
Should indigenous knowledge in development be redefined? Lessons from the artisanal mining sector in Ghana
Authors: Ofori Alesia Dedaa , Mdee Anna
Published: January 2025

Indigenous knowledge is often posed as a unified body of knowledge, undefiled and somewhat sanctimonious. When it does not appear so, it is claimed that indigenous knowledge, particularly, has been ‘adulterated’ by Westernised ideologies from colonialism and modernisation. This perceived dichotomy, i.e. indigenous versus modern knowledge, often ignores the possibility of hybridised knowledge, a continuous and complicated everyday process whereby various forms of knowledge blend in space and time. This paper, therefore, argues that the existence of dichotomous and distinct forms of knowledge is a mirage. Rather, what may be termed indigenous is a co-produced knowledge by multiple actors and agents, having evolved through rigorous negotiations, legitimisation and politico-economic contestations. We make this point by analysing the bricolage processes of alteration and aggregation between ideologies perceived to be rooted in African indigenous knowledge systems, and modern, colonially rooted religious ideologies in a Ghanaian mining village. The paper highlights the importance of context in these discussions. We conclude that particularly in rapidly shifting socio-economic, political and cultural landscapes, indigenous knowledge as a distinct body of applicable knowledge remains contestable and complex and therefore solicits for intentional dissection and detangling, especially within development practice.
OrCAS: Origins, Compositions, and Atmospheres of Sub-Neptunes. I. Survey Definition
Authors: Crossfield Ian J. M. , Polanski Alex S. , Robertson Paul , Murphy Joseph Akana , Turtelboom Emma V. , Luque Rafael , Beatty Thomas , Daylan Tansu , Isaacson Howard , Brande Jonathan , Kreidberg Laura , Batalha Natalie M. , Huber Daniel , Rhem Maleah , Dressing Courtney , Kane Stephen R. , Bossett Malik , Gagnebin Anna , Kroft Maxwell A. , Premnath Pranav H. , Rogers Claire J. , Collins Karen A. , Latham David W. , Watkins Cristilyn N. , Ciardi David R. , Howell Steve B. , Savel Arjun B. , Berlind Perry , Calkins Michael L. , Esquerdo Gilbert A. , Mink Jessica , Clark Catherine A. , Lund Michael B. , Matson Rachel A. , Everett Mark E. , Schlieder Joshua E. , Matthews Elisabeth C. , Giacalone Steven , Barclay Thomas , Zambelli Roberto , Plavchan Peter , Ellingson Taylor , Bowen Michael , Srdoc Gregor , McLeod Kim K. , Schwarz Richard P. , Barkaoui Khalid , Kamler Jacob , Murgas Felipe , Palle Enric , Narita Norio , Fukui Akihiko , Relles Howard M. , Bieryla Allyson , Girardin Eric , Massey Bob , Stockdale Chris , Lewin Pablo , Papini Riccardo , Guerra Pere , Conti Dennis M. , Yalçinkaya Selçuk , Baştürk Özgür , Mourad Ghachoui
Published: January 2025

Sub-Neptunes—volatile-rich exoplanets smaller than Neptune—are intrinsically the most common type of planet known. However, the formation and nature of these objects, as well as the distinctions between subclasses (if any), remain unclear. Two powerful tools to tease out the secrets of these worlds are measurements of (i) atmospheric composition and structure revealed by transit and/or eclipse spectroscopy, and (ii) mass, radius, and density revealed by transit photometry and Doppler spectroscopy. Here, we present OrCAS, a survey to better elucidate the origins, compositions, and atmospheres of sub-Neptunes. This radial velocity survey uses a repeatable, quantifiable metric to select targets suitable for subsequent transmission spectroscopy and address key science themes about the atmospheric and internal compositions and architectures of these systems. Our survey targets 26 systems with transiting sub-Neptune planet candidates, with the overarching goal of increasing the sample of such planets suitable for subsequent atmospheric characterization. This paper lays out our survey's science goals, defines our target prioritization metric, and performs light-curve fits and statistical validation using existing TESS photometry and ground-based follow-up observations. Our survey serves to continue expanding the sample of small exoplanets with well-measured properties orbiting nearby bright stars, ensuring fruitful studies of these systems for many years to come.
Photometric Selection of Type 1 Quasars in the XMM-LSS Field with Machine Learning and the Disk–Corona Connection
Authors: Huang Jian , Luo Bin , Brandt W. N. , Chen Ying , Ni Qingling , Xue Yongquan , Zhang Zijian
Published: January 2025

We present photometric selection of type 1 quasars in the ≈5.3 deg2 XMM-Large Scale Structure survey field with machine learning. We constructed our training and blind-test samples using spectroscopically identified Sloan Digital Sky Survey quasars, galaxies, and stars. We utilized the XGBoost machine learning method to select a total of 1591 quasars. We assessed the classification performance based on the blind-test sample, and the outcome was favorable, demonstrating high reliability (≈99.9%) and good completeness (≈87.5%). We used XGBoost to estimate photometric redshifts of our selected quasars. The estimated photometric redshifts span a range from 0.41 to 3.75. The outlier fraction of these photometric redshift estimates is ≈17%, and the normalized median absolute deviation (σ
NMAD) is ≈0.07. To study the quasar disk–corona connection, we constructed a subsample of 1016 quasars with Hyper Suprime-Cam i < 22.5 after excluding radio-loud and potentially X-ray-absorbed quasars. The relation between the optical-to-X-ray power-law slope parameter (α
OX) and the 2500 Å monochromatic luminosity (L
2500Å) for this subsample is

α

OX

=
(
−
0.156
±
0.007
)

log

L

2500

Å

+
(
3.175
±
0.211
)

with a dispersion of 0.159. We found this correlation in good agreement with the correlations in previous studies. We explored several factors, which may bias the α
OX–L
2500Å relation, and found that their effects are not significant. We discussed possible evolution of the α
OX–L
2500Å relation with respect to L
2500Å or redshift.
On the Use of Galaxy Catalogs in Gravitational-wave Parameter Estimation
Authors: Mo Geoffrey , Haster Carl-Johan , Katsavounidis Erik
Published: January 2025

A major challenge in gravitational-wave (GW) multimessenger astrophysics is the imprecise localization of GW compact binary mergers. We investigate the use of a method to include galaxy catalog information in performing parameter estimation of these events. We test its effectiveness with the GW events GW170817, GW190425, and GW190814, as well as with simulated binary neutron star mergers. For GW170817, we recover the true host galaxy as the most probable galaxy after a straightforward mass reweighting, with significantly decreased localization area and volume. On the simulated sample, however, we do not find improvement compared to performing a simple galaxy catalog crossmatch with a regular GW localization. Future investigations into sampling methods may yield improvements that increase the viability of this method.
Shock and SEP Modeling Study for the 2022 September 5 SEP Event
Authors: Kouloumvakos A. , Wijsen N. , Jebaraj I. C. , Afanasiev A. , Lario D. , Cohen C. M. S. , Riley P. , Mitchell D. G. , Ding Z. , Vourlidas A. , Giacalone J. , Chen X. , Hill M. E.
Published: January 2025

On 2022 September 5, during Parker Solar Probe's (PSP) 13th encounter, a fast shock wave and a related solar energetic particle (SEP) event were observed as the spacecraft approached the perihelion of its orbit. Observations from the Integrated Science Investigation of the Sun (IS⊙IS) instrument suite show that SEPs arrived at the spacecraft with a significant delay from the onset of the parent solar eruption and that the first arriving SEPs exhibited an inverse velocity dispersion (IVD) for energetic protons above ~1 MeV. Utilizing data from multiple spacecraft, we investigate the eruption dynamics and shock wave propagation. Our analysis includes 3D shock modeling and SEP transport simulations to examine the origins of this SEP event and explore the causes of the delayed SEP onset and the observed IVD. The data-driven SEP simulation reproduces the SEP event onset observed at PSP, its evolving energy spectrum, and the IVD. This IVD is attributed to a relatively slow, ongoing particle acceleration process occurring at the flank of the expanding shock wave intercepted by PSP. This has significant implications for the role of shocks in the release of SEPs at widespread events and for methods used to infer the SEP release times. Furthermore, the match between the simulation and observations worsens when cross-field diffusion is considered, indicating that SEP diffusion had a minor effect on this event. These findings underscore the complexity of SEP events and emphasize the need for advanced modeling approaches to better understand the role of shock waves and other physical processes in SEP acceleration and release.
The Massive and Quiescent Elliptical Host Galaxy of the Repeating Fast Radio Burst FRB 20240209A
Authors: Eftekhari T. , Dong 董 Y. 雨欣 , Fong W. , Shah V. , Simha S. , Andersen B. C. , Andrew S. , Bhardwaj M. , Cassanelli T. , Chatterjee S. , Coulter D. A. , Fonseca E. , Gaensler B. M. , Gordon A. C. , Hessels J. W. T. , Ibik A. L. , Joseph R. C. , Kahinga L. A. , Kaspi V. , Kharel B. , Kilpatrick C. D. , Lanman A. E. , Lazda M. , Leung C. , Liu C. , Mas-Ribas L. , Masui K. W. , Mckinven R. , Mena-Parra J. , Miller A. A. , Nimmo K. , Pandhi A. , Patil S. S. , Pearlman A. B. , Pleunis Z. , Prochaska J. X. , Rafiei-Ravandi M. , Sammons M. , Scholz P. , Shin K. , Smith K. , Stairs I.
Published: January 2025

The discovery and localization of FRB 20240209A by the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Fast Radio Burst (CHIME/FRB) experiment marks the first repeating FRB localized with the CHIME/FRB Outriggers and adds to the small sample of repeating FRBs with associated host galaxies. Here we present Keck and Gemini observations of the host that reveal a redshift z = 0.1384 ± 0.0004. We perform stellar population modeling to jointly fit the optical through mid-IR data of the host and infer a median stellar mass log(M
*/M
⊙) = 11.35 ± 0.01 and a mass-weighted stellar population age  ~11 Gyr, corresponding to the most massive and oldest FRB host discovered to date. Coupled with a star formation rate  <0.31 M
⊙ yr−1, the specific star formation rate  <10−11.9 yr−1 classifies the host as quiescent. Through surface brightness profile modeling, we determine an elliptical galaxy morphology, marking the host as the first confirmed elliptical FRB host. The discovery of a quiescent early-type host galaxy within a transient class predominantly characterized by late-type star-forming hosts is reminiscent of short-duration gamma-ray bursts, Type Ia supernovae, and ultraluminous X-ray sources. Based on these shared host demographics, coupled with a large offset as demonstrated in our companion Letter, we conclude that preferred sources for FRB 20240209A include magnetars formed through merging binary neutron stars/white dwarfs or the accretion-induced collapse of a white dwarf, or a luminous X-ray binary. Together with FRB 20200120E localized to a globular cluster in M81, our findings provide strong evidence that some fraction of FRBs may arise from a process distinct from the core collapse of massive stars.
Heterogeneity of Family Firms and Carbon Emissions: Which Factors Matter?
Authors: Lakhal Faten , Guizani Assil , Depoers Florence , Brahem Emna
Published: January 2025

Notre étude examine si les entreprises familiales émettent moins de carbone que les entreprises non familiales et comment l’hétérogénéité au sein des entreprises familiales affecte leurs émissions de carbone. En utilisant un échantillon de 308 sociétés françaises cotées dans l’indice CAC-All Shares de 2002 à 2020, nous constatons que les entreprises familiales sont plus susceptibles de réduire leur empreinte carbone que les entreprises non familiales. Cependant, le comportement carbone des entreprises familiales n’est pas homogène. L’éponymie familiale influence négativement les émissions de carbone. Étonnamment, l’effet du stade générationnel familial est positif, suggérant que les entreprises familiales des premières générations sont plus vertueuses que celles des générations suivantes. Des tests supplémentaires démontrent que la présence des fondateurs en tant que PDG ou président de conseil d’administration est associée à la réduction des émissions carbone. Nous montrons également que l’innovation verte, la présence de l’entreprise dans un secteur polluant, l’Accord de Paris et la loi sur la transition énergétique en 2015 ont renforcé les réductions d’émissions des entreprises familiales. Enfin, nous soutenons que l’engagement à réduire les émissions de carbone est un facteur d’augmentation de la valeur des entreprises familiales.
Debt and Wages: The Role of Labor Regulation
Authors: Moussu Christophe , Thomas David
Published: January 2025

Dans cet article, nous étudions la manière dont la rémunération des salariés est influencée par l’effet croisé de la réglementation du travail et de l’endettement financier des entreprises. La dette tend à augmenter le risque de licenciement des employés et à diminuer leur pouvoir de négociation, alors que la réglementation du travail a les effets inverses. L’hypothèse centrale de l’article est qu’un durcissement de la réglementation du travail induit un effet modérateur de la dette sur les salaires. Nous testons cette hypothèse sur un large échantillon d’entreprises de l’OCDE sur la période 1990-2018 et montrons que la corrélation entre la dette et les salaires est systématiquement plus faible dans les pays où la réglementation du travail est plus protectrice. Une méthodologie de différence de différences empilées (stacked DiD) exploitant les principales réformes du marché du travail sur notre échantillon, démontre la robustesse de nos résultats. Des tests empiriques complémentaires révèlent que nos résultats peuvent s’expliquer tant par le canal de la prime de risque que celui du pouvoir de négociation. Nous montrons aussi qu’un droit des créanciers plus fort, une centralisation plus importante de la fixation des salaires et un pouvoir plus fort des syndicats tend à diminuer l’effet joint de la dette et de la réglementation du travail sur les salaires.
Changes in PAX7 Positive Satellite Cells in Extraocular Muscle After Strabismus Surgery
Authors: Kang Eunseok , Suk-Gyu Ha
Published: January 2025

Purpose

To investigate the effects of recession or re-section surgery on PAX 7 positive satellite cells of the extraocular muscle (EOM) in rabbits.

Methods

A total of 20 rabbits (40 eyes) were included in this study. The superior rectus muscle of the right eye was either recessed or resected. Recession surgeries were performed at a distance of 5 mm (5 rabbits) and 10 mm (5 rabbits) from the original insertion, whereas resection surgeries were performed at a distance of 4 mm (5 rabbits) and 8 mm (5 rabbits). The superior rectus (operated muscle), inferior rectus (antagonist muscle), and superior rectus of the contralateral eye (control) were extracted 4 weeks after surgery. The number of PAX7 positive satellite cells was analyzed using immunohistochemistry.

Results

The number of PAX7 positive satellite cells in the operated and antagonist muscles was higher than that in the control muscle after all surgeries (
P
< .05, all). The number of PAX7 positive satellite cells in operated and antagonist muscles after resection surgery was higher than that after recession surgery (
P
< .05, all). Howerver, there were no significant differences of PAX7 positive satellite cells in operated and antagonist muscle in recession and resection surgery according to the surgical amount (
P
> .05, all).

Conclusions

PAX7 positive satellite cells in the operated and antagonist muscles showed an increase after resection surgery compared to recession surgery. This suggests that the extent of EOM regeneration may vary depending on the surgical method used for strabismus surgery.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 20XX;XX(X):XXX–XXX.]
Reversal for metabolic syndrome criteria following the CHANGE program: What are the driving forces? Results from an intervention community-based study
Authors: Badr Hanan E. , Saunders Travis , Bayoumy Omar , Carter Angelie , Castillo Laura Reyes , Barrett Marilyn
Published: January 2025

Objective

To examine the impact of the Canadian Health Advanced by Nutrition and Graded Exercise (CHANGE) program on the reversal of one or more metabolic syndrome (MetS) criteria among community members with MetS and define the significant predictors of upholding individual MetS criterion from 2020 to 2023.

Methods

The program enrolled 278 community members with/or at risk of MetS. Participants followed regular physical activity and a Mediterranean diet for 12 months with the assistance of a registered dietitian and a kinesiologist. A licensed practical nurse and/or registered nurse measured participants' weight, height, waist circumference, and blood pressure and withdrew blood samples for laboratory investigations. Physical activity, physical fitness, Mediterranean diet score (MDS), anthropometric measurements, and laboratory investigations were assessed at the baseline and every three months. Descriptive statistics were calculated, and binary logistic regression analysis was performed to define the significant predictors of upholding each criterion of the MetS.

Results

Participants' mean age was 60.5 ± 11.7 years, and 74.8% were females. Participants with MetS decreased by 5.04% by the end of the program. The percentage of participants with each MetS criterion showed a significant decrease at the end of the study, except for low HDL, which remained with no change. Moreover, the mean of physical activity, physical fitness tests, and MDS scores showed a significant increase after the 12 months of study. Compared to baseline, daily sedentary and screen times showed a significant decrease at the end of the program (8.6 vs. 7.2 and 3.2 vs. 2.6 hours, respectively). Logistic regression analysis revealed that age, female gender, low educational attainment, physical activity, physical fitness, and screen time were significant predictors for upholding one or more MetS criteria.

Conclusion

MetS criteria can be reversed following the CHANGE program. Sociodemographic and lifestyle features are significant predictors for upholding MetS criteria. The program is cost-effective considering its low cost and could lead to significant savings on healthcare costs. Further studies among different communities are recommended to confirm the generalizability of the results.
Enterramientos aristocráticos y redes eclesiásticas en Navarra
Authors: García Fermín Miranda
Published: January 2025

El estudio pretende analizar las disposiciones testamentarias de las oligarquías urbanas navarras, y de modo especial las de Pamplona, para reflexionar sobre sus comportamientos a la hora de elegir sepultura. Su preferencia por la catedral, las parroquias y las iglesias de los conventos urbanos, el interés en mantener tradiciones familiares o establecer nuevos criterios; el deseo, en suma, de significar de algún modo su prestigio social, jurídico y económico a la hora de perpetuar su memoria a través de los espacios de inhumación.
The Role of the Beguine Movement in the Commemoration of the Dead in Douai, Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries
Authors: Gonzales Mary Anne
Published: January 2025

Commemoration and caritas were deeply intertwined and in Douai, this relationship was evident in the strategies that testators employed between 1228 and 1362. During this period, Douaisiens’ commemorative strategies brought together existing and new religious institutions and intercessors responsible for the salvation of the parish community. At a time when the penitential movement in the town was flourishing, testators considered beguines as among those efficacious in interceding for their souls. Testators requested pittances, simple prayers, and funerary services. The women performed these services alongside many other intercessors, including the parish church and its personnel, the mendicant orders, and the common poor. Thus, this period in Douai involved the formation of a network of commemoration in which intercessors, including beguines, contributed to the salvation of parishioners.
O Livro 4 de Afonso III
Authors: Fontão Diana
Published: January 2025

A trajetória do manuscrito com a cota Livro 4 de Inquirições de Afonso III apresenta particularidades, tanto ao nível arquivístico como de conteúdo, que o individualizam entre os Livros de Inquirições. Neste artigo procura-se identificar o seu percurso no Arquivo Nacional da Torre do Tombo, atentando à sua inventariação e inclusão na série a que atualmente pertence. É também comentado o seu conteúdo, em particular a documentação cuja cópia motivou a produção do códice: a documentação relativa às comunidades muçulmanas em Portugal no século XV. Procura-se ainda esclarecer se este manuscrito pode ser considerado um Livro de Inquirições. Para tal, foi realizada uma breve análise da matéria das Inquirições Gerais e de como foi adicionada ao formato códice que atualmente apresenta.
Combating Evolving Threats
Authors: Baranidharan S. , Winster David , Dhanalakshmi K. , Rajkumar R.
Published: January 2025

This systematic review investigates online ad fraud detection and brand safety research from 2011 to 2024. The analysis reveals a continuous battle against click fraud and its evolving forms. Machine learning has become a cornerstone of detection efforts, offering superior capabilities compared to traditional methods. The rise of mobile advertising necessitated the development of specialized solutions to address distinct user behavior and data patterns on this platform. However, research highlights an expanding threat landscape beyond click fraud, encompassing impression fraud and placement fraud. Brand safety concerns have also gained prominence, emphasizing the importance of protecting brand reputation. The review underscores the need for collaboration between researchers and industry professionals to achieve a more secure and trustworthy online advertising ecosystem.
Programmatic Advertising in E-Commerce
Authors: Gunduzyeli Bora
Published: January 2025

Programmatic advertising (PA), the most technologically advanced form of online advertising, offers significant benefits and advantages for e-commerce retailers in online marketing and product sales. However, PA also brings with it several difficulties and challenges. In this context, this book section aims to provide readers with a holistic perspective in this field by providing a comprehensive assessment of PA's essential components and technologies. The study first examined the development of PA in online advertising and then evaluated its role in improving cost advantage, precise targeting, real-time optimization, scalability, customer engagement, and experience for e-commerce retailers. In addition, the main challenges of PA, such as transparency and accountability, increasing concerns about brand safety, and advertising fraud, are discussed with a critical approach.
Machine Learning for Brand Protection
Authors: Kazi Kutubuddin Sayyad Liyakat , Shinde Sunita Sunil , Nerkar Priya Mangesh , Kazi Sultanabanu SayyadLiyakat , Kazi Vahidabegam SayyadLiyakat
Published: January 2025

As ML technology continues to evolve, we can expect even more sophisticated solutions to protect brands and consumers alike. By embracing this exciting technology, brands can proactively address the challenges of counterfeit goods and ensure a brighter future for genuine products. ML is a powerful tool for advertising and brand protection, but its potential for misuse requires careful consideration. By embracing responsible AI/ML practices and investing in proactive defense mechanisms, brands can harness the benefits of ML while mitigating the risks. This will ensure that ML remains a force for good in the evolving world of online advertising and brand management. Here we have the study of Random Forest, Support vector machine, K-Nearest Neighbor, Artificial Neural Networks, Decision Tree, and Natural Language Processing. We studied the said approached from the point of view of Roles of these approaches, benefits, problems and restrictions on brands and advertisement protection.
Strategic Innovations and Data-Driven Solutions in E-Commerce
Authors: Jie Wu Wen , Linyu Tian , Khan Mustafa Rehman , Ai-Fen Lim
Published: January 2025

This chapter investigates Taobao practices, specifically the strategies that Taobao has developed to solve more operational management challenges with the essence of technological innovation and digital transformation. It showcases their commitment to innovative technologies like AI, data analytics, and blockchain to optimize platform efficiency, security, and user experience. Core strategies have included data analytics for real-time personal recommendations, inventory management, and market forecasting, all part of delivering benefits regarding user engagement and operational efficiency. This chapter emphasizes the necessity of strong data security, encryption, and regular security assessments so that organizations have control over their data and the ability to protect it from breaching and follow privacy regulations. Additionally, it discusses the critical role of third-party partners and supply chain security management in maintaining data integrity and user trust.
Ethical Considerations in Design-Based Research for Sports Education
Authors: Karmakar Debajit , Das Anindita , Khati Awesh
Published: January 2025

This chapter explores the ethical considerations in applying design-based research (DBR) to sports education, addressing the unique challenges posed by dynamic environments. DBR involves iterative cycles of research, design, and refinement, engaging athletes, educators, and coaches as co-researchers. The chapter highlights key ethical issues such as informed consent, participant confidentiality, and the physical and mental well-being of athletes. The flexible nature of DBR requires adaptive ethical frameworks to balance innovation with participant welfare. Special attention is given to power dynamics, equity, and inclusion in research, ensuring diverse groups are adequately represented. Additionally, the chapter advocates for continuous ethical reflection and stakeholder collaboration throughout the research process to develop context-sensitive, sustainable solutions. Future directions emphasize the creation of robust ethical guidelines tailored to the evolving landscape of DBR in sports education, aiming for responsible and impactful outcomes.
Corporate Gamification Training Solutions Framework
Authors: Ben Tan Chee
Published: January 2025

This study introduces the gamification training solutions framework (GTSF), developed using design-based research (DBR), to address corporate training challenges. Integrating self-determination theory, flow theory, and the zone of proximal development, the GTSF enhances engagement and learning outcomes. Refined through GTSF's seven phases aligned with DBR principles with 702 participants and eight trainers, it achieved a 98% effectiveness rating and 97% recommendation rate, demonstrating cultural adaptability in Malaysia. Ethical considerations like data privacy and inclusivity are emphasized in discussions, with future enhancements exploring artificial intelligence (AI) and virtual reality (VR) for scalability and personalization. Bridging theory and practice, the GTSF offers a strong framework for gamified training, with research on its long-term business impacts and global adaptability recommended.
Pedagogical Practices of Microlearning Educational Experience
Authors: Alias Nurul Fitriah
Published: January 2025

This chapter explores the development of microlearning pedagogical practices aimed at enhancing student learning in higher education through a design-based research (DBR) approach. Recognizing microlearning's potential for quick, focused learning, the study addresses the lack of strong pedagogical foundations and practical implementation challenges. The research progresses through four phases: analyzing current teaching practices, designing key principles, developing pedagogical strategies, and evaluating their usability via expert feedback. Using surveys and applied cognitive task analysis (ACTA), the study introduces the AMPLIFY framework, which enhances microlearning with eight components: clear objectives, personalized learning, continuous feedback, efficient delivery, engaging content, interactive experiences, social collaboration, and seamless curriculum integration. This research offers practical insights and a systematic approach for implementing microlearning strategies in higher education, bridging the literature gap and setting the stage for future studies.
Development and Evaluation of an Electronic Prototype for Pedagogical Skills Enhancement of Educators
Authors: Navamoney Amutha D. M.
Published: January 2025

This chapter explored the use of an electronic learning prototype to enhance the pedagogical knowledge and skills of Malaysian higher education educators. It assessed the benefits of an e-learning platform for addressing teaching challenges. Guided by constructivism, connectivism, activity theory, and adult learning theories, the study used design-based research (DBR) methodology, adapted from Reeves, in eight phases: analysis, design, validation, development, implementation, evaluation, impact, and continuous learning. Eight experts identified educators' professional development needs, while 43 educators participated in a training course using the prototype. Post-course surveys revealed readiness and motivation to integrate technology into teaching, indicating that electronic training can offer a scalable, sustainable solution for continuous professional development.
Integrating Multidisciplinary DBR in Mechanical Engineering Education, Challenges, and Opportunities
Authors: Totuk Onat Halis , Selvi Ozgun
Published: January 2025

This chapter explores the challenges and opportunities of integrating multidisciplinary design-based research (DBR) into mechanical engineering education. As engineering problems become more complex, there is a growing need for graduates who can work across disciplines. DBR enhances the mechanical engineering curriculum by fostering collaboration, promoting real-world problem-solving skills, and bridging theory and practice. The chapter addresses challenges in implementing DBR, including resistance to change, resource constraints, and assessment issues, while highlighting opportunities for improved student engagement, creativity, and industry partnerships. Case studies of successful DBR integration in mechanical engineering programs are presented, showcasing innovative approaches and outcomes. Finally, the chapter proposes strategies to overcome barriers and maximize the benefits of multidisciplinary DBR, contributing valuable insights for educators seeking to prepare students for the evolving demands of the engineering profession.
Detecting and Preventing Fraud Transaction Using Artificial Intelligence in Banking
Authors: Murali M.
Published: January 2025

Proliferation of internet users and the development of computing technology enhanced the financial transactions. Credit card payments are convenient way of making payments. Though it is widely accepted for making payments, it poses some challenges. Credit card fraud is a serious problem in the financial institutions that may have serious consequences. Unfortunately, these credit card systems are used by both normal users and fraud users. In addition to this, fraud users are using various methods to violate the system. In recent period, the development of Artificial Intelligence helping us to detect the fraud transactions. Ensemble method is used to detect the fraudulent activities from a complex data. In this paper, XGboost method is used to detect fraud transactions. The performance of the XGboost method is compared with machine learning classifiers. Experiments were conducted on fraud detection dataset, proved that the XGboost can improve the performance. Further, it is recorded the performance with highest accuracy.
AI-Driven Strategies for Maximizing Revenue in Tourism
Authors: Pandey Uma , Bansal Saloni , Valuskar Vishal
Published: January 2025

This chapter investigates the transformational effect of artificial intelligence (AI) in increasing income in the tourist business. AI has become an important tool for firms looking to improve customer service, optimize pricing tactics, and simplify operations. AI is changing the way tourist firms interact with their clients and generate revenues, from dynamic pricing algorithms to tailored customer experiences. The chapter focuses on the effective integration of AI throughout the industry, from huge hotel chains to small tour operators, stressing the benefits of predictive analytics, AI-powered chatbots, and real-time data analysis. It also covers the barriers to AI adoption, such as high prices, data privacy issues, and the requirement for trained labor. As tourism adjusts to post-pandemic adjustments and changing client expectations, artificial intelligence is projected to play an ever larger role in improving operational efficiency, marketing, and revenue growth. This chapter offers ideas for professionals seeking to use AI to remain competitive in an ever-changing digital world.
Research Directions in Machine Learning and AI for Financial Innovation and Risk Management
Authors: Vijay Aniruudh , Frederick Abhishek Janvier , Jamwal Barkha
Published: January 2025

The present chapter aims to help readers to enjoy the journey of understanding the risk pattern which has evolved due to the advancement of technology especially after the rise of Machine Learning and Artificial Learning, where several tasks has been simplified due to such advancements. The rise of various risks has also came into the picture like banking frauds, which has effecting population potentially. Therefore this chapter emphasis on the innovations in Fintech along with role of Machine Learning in analyzing possible risks.