bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Case study on reimbursement process and settlement of bills of patients treated under package charges in super speciality public hospital
Authors: Garg Ruchi , Garg Neeraj , Wankar Abhinav , Singh I. B.
Published: April 2018

Background: In the Government hospitals, because of constraints of resources, patients are often asked to buy certain items required for their treatment procedure. There is an inadvertent delay in bill reimbursement process due to the cumbersome procedure, which causes dissatisfaction among patients. Thus, it was highly imperative to reduce the reimbursement time and improve the level of patient satisfaction by improving quality of services. The present study depicts modifications initiated to reduce causes of delay and improve patient satisfaction.Methods: Process mapping was done for different procedures which are carried out under package system at Cardio Neuroscience Centre. All the available documents were analysed from Operation theatre, Wards, ICU, Billing section, Account office, OPD area etc. and Interviews were taken from consultants, nursing staff, staff working at Billing section, Account office etc. to identify causes of delay.Results: The study helped in improvement in efficiency by 60% percent and reduces the number of resources by 10 percent.Conclusions: The study helped to increase productivity gains and improve accuracy.
For investigate the role of ultrasound and platelets count as an important marker for the diagnosis and prognosis of dengue patients
Authors: . Sunaina , Desai Vishal K. , Saini Rahul , Arora Rashmi
Published: April 2018

Background: Dengue is although self limiting viral disease but if severe complications take place than it becomes lethal. Plasma leakage is main pathology which results in fluid deposits in various organs. This plasma leakage is related to platelet count. Most important thing in treating dengue patient is to know the complications at the earliest. And ultrasound is the most sensitive and easily approachable, cost effective investigation for detecting the complications.Methods: This cross-sectional observational pilot study was carried out in the department of radiodiagnosis, pandit bhagwat dayal Sharma institute of medical sciences, Rohtak. One hundred and two patients with serologically confirmed dengue fever were included in this study. Ultrasound examinations were carried out by ultrasound machine with 5-13 MHZ probe by radiologists. Abdomen and thorax scanning were done thoroughly. Important findings like Gall bladder thickening hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, free fluid which are pathological markers for dengue were specially seen. Then these findings are relate to the age group and platelet count.Results: By applying chi square test we found that there is statistically difference in number of patients in age group 16-30 yrs having gall bladder wall thickening, hepatomegaly, free fluid, splenomegaly and pleural effusion as compared to other age groups (p<0.05) an also in patients having less than 20,000 platelets, only gall bladder thickening, ascites and hepatomegaly were statistically more significant as compared to other groups having more number of platelets (p<0.05).Conclusions: So, ultrasound and platelet count are important markers for diagnosis and prognosis of dengue patients. Ultrasound and Platelets count are important markers for the diagnosis as well as prognosis of dengue patients.
Correlation between CT phenotypic patterns with clinical, nutritional and pulmonary function parameters among COPD patients
Authors: Dogra Vikas , Menon Balakrishnan , Bansal Vishal , Gaur Shailendra Nath
Published: April 2018

Background: COPD is a multi-dimensional disorder with multiple phenotypes. The commonly used GOLD guidelines and Spirometry do not fully reflect the heterogeneous nature of the disease, structural abnormalities, and phenotypes. This necessitates CT phenotyping because of difference in treatment strategies, disease progression and response to treatment.Methods: We conducted our study on 40 male COPD subjects aged more than 45 years, divided them into 4 groups based on CT phenotype as normal, Airway Dominant (AD), Emphysema Dominant (ED) and mixed types.  We compared the clinical parameters, spirometry indices, markers of nutrition (including BMI) across these phenotypes. CT phenotypes were determined by Low Attenuation Area (LAA) and Wall area.Results: In our study, 16 (40%) had airway dominant (AD), 15 (37.5%) had emphysema dominant (ED), 4 (10%) had mixed, and 5 (12.5%) had normal CT phenotype.  The various nutrition indicators like height, weight, BMI, fat-free mass index was not statistically significant. The difference in the median FEV1/FVC across CT phenotypes was statistically significant (P Value 0.002). The difference in Haemoglobin, Total protein, Albumin, Triglycerides and Total Cholesterol was not statistically significant across CT Phenotypes.Conclusions: The GOLD guidelines do not fully reflect the heterogeneous nature of the disease which necessitates CT phenotyping. In our study, there was a significant association between BMI, FEV1/FVC ratio with CT phenotypes. Identifying the different phenotypes of COPD will allow us to implement a more personalized treatment and choose the best treatment option.
Metastases to the craniovertebral junction: illustrative case report and review of literature
Authors: Venkatraman Chandramouleeswaran , Lakshminarasimhan Sindhuja , Kumar S. Pratheep , Thuvarapalayam Periasamy Krishnaprasad
Published: April 2018

Metastases at the craniovertebral junction represent 0.5-1% of spinal metastatic lesions. Common primary sites include breast, lung and prostate carcinoma. Initial presenting features include neck pain and occipital neuralgia. High index of suspicion is required to recognize this entity in patients presenting with neck pain. If left unrecognized, these metastatic lesions have the propensity to cause catastrophic collapse leading to significant morbidity and mortality due to fracture subluxation and spinal cord compression. Here we discuss such a patient who presented with acute onset quadriparesis and lower cranial nerve palsies due to metastatic lesion involving the C1 and C2 vertebra causing medullary and cervical cord compression. Early detection and timely intervention are key to improving outcomes in such patients.
Migrated intrauterine contraceptive device: erosion in to sigmoid colon
Authors: Kumar Hitesh , Sharma Prashant , Aggarwal Beena
Published: April 2018

Intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUCDs) are one of the most widely chosen contraceptive methods with high efficacy, less side effects, and low cost especially in a developing country like India. Although they have low side effect profile but they are also associated with serious complications like device migration into adjacent organs, uterine perforation and sepsis. Any patient presenting with loss of thread should be assessed for localization of the IUCD. Authors are thereby reporting a case of a 30-year-old lady who presented with 2 month amenorrhea with loss of IUCD thread. She was diagnosed with intrauterine pregnancy with migrated IUCD into distal sigmoid colon. The patient was explored, IUCD was removed, dilatation and evacuation were done. Authors concluded that IUCDs are safe only in experienced hands and an institutional training is must for family planning workers. Patient education regarding regular checkup for threads is also emphasized.
Phytochemical screening, antinociceptive, anthelmintic and cytotoxicity studies of the leaves of Carissa carandas Linn. (Family: Apocynaceae)
Authors: Parvin Most. Nazma
Published: April 2018

Background: Carissa carandas Linn. (Bengali name- Karamya, Karancha, Karamcha, English name-Karaunda) commonly known as Karanda is a widly used medicinal plants belongs to apocynaceae family. The various plant parts of C. carandas have been used for ethnomedicine in the treatment of human diseases, such as diarrhea, stomachic, anorexia, intermittent fever, mouth ulcer and sore throat, syphilitic pain, burning sensation, scabies and epilepsy. The current studies were aimed to investigate the phytochemical constituents, antinociceptive, anthelmintic and cytotoxic activities of the methanol extract of leaves of C. carandas.

Methods: The antinociceptive property of the methanol leaves extract of C. carandas was evaluated in swiss albino mice by using acetic acid-induced writhing test and anthelmintic activity of the fresh leaves juice was performed by observing the time of paralysis and the time of death of earth worms Pheretima posthuma. On the other hand, the methanol extract of leaves of C. carandas was screened for cytotoxic activity by brine shrimp lethality bioassay.  

Results: Phytochemical screening showed that the methanol leaves extract contained alkaloids, steroids, flavanoids, tannins, saponins and reducing sugar. The antinociceptive activity test revealed that the extract showed significant antinociceptive activity and the fresh juice of the leaves of C. carandas showed potent anthelmintic activity. In cytotoxicity studies, the methanol leaves extract displayed moderate cytotoxic activity when compared with standard drug, vincristine sulphate.

Conclusions: In the current studies, these observations also support the use of this plant for medicinal purposes and encourage further investigations for more fruitful results.
iAssist versus conventional total knee arthroplasty in patients with varus and valgus deformities
Authors: Vanniar Senthur Rajendren , Wang Li Ming , Yao Qing Qiang , Pavan Maddali Taraka Venkata
Published: April 2018

Background: Accelerometer and gyroscope based iAssist system's accuracy in restoring the hip knee angle (HKA) in valgus and varus deformity patients is compared to that of conventional system.

Methods: In this retrospective study we compared the HKA of 26 patients in iAssist group with that of 26 patients in conventional group. The knee joints were evaluated with full leg length radiographs.

Results: The iAssist group patients’ post-operative hip knee angle was much near to our target angle when compared to that of patients in conventional technique group.

Conclusions: iAssist brings the high accuracy associated with large console CAS systems with lower costs and helps surgeons in low volume hospitals achieve specific intra operative goals with the familiarity of conventional guides.
Functional outcome of middle third humeral shaft fractures treated with anteromedial plate osteosynthesis through an anterolateral approach
Authors: Kubsad Sandeep , B. Suresh , S. G. Bharath , Reddy Manohar , Pai Harish S.
Published: April 2018

Background: The main aim of treatment of the humeral shaft fractures is to establish union with an acceptable humeral alignment and to restore the patient to pre-injury level of function. Plate osteosynthesis remains the standard of surgical treatment displaced middle third humeral fractures. The most commonly used approaches for treating these fractures are posterior and anterolateral, but these approaches can have iatrogenic radial nerve injury. Our aim is to study the incidence of radial nerve palsy and functional outcome of anterolateral approach with anteromedial plating.

Methods: A total of 26 patients in the age group of 21 to 62 years were included in this prospective study, who were treated by anteromedial plating through anterolateral approach for humerus shaft. Functional assessment was done using Rodriguez-Merchan criteria.

Results: 26 patients with shaft humerus fracture were included in the study with 19 (73%) patients were less than 40 years age. Most common type of fracture pattern is A3 type and the mean duration of surgical time was 60±10 min for anteromedial plating. The time taken for the fracture union was less than 4 months in the most patients (88%). There was no evidence of iatrogenic radial nerve injury. Functional assessment done using Rodriguez-Merchan criteria showed 84.6% of the patients had good to excellent functional outcome.

Conclusions: For treatment of displaced middle third humeral fractures open reduction with anteromedial plating through anterolateral approach is surgically safer and gives better functional outcome.

 
Comparison of intramedullary nailing versus proximal locking plating in the management of closed extra-articular proximal tibial fracture
Authors: Gupta Siddhartha , M. D. Rafeeq
Published: April 2018

Background: To compare the outcomes of closed reduction and expert tibial nailing (ETN) versus minimally invasive proximal tibial plating in treating proximal extraarticular tibial fractures.

Methods: This study included 30 cases of extraarticular proximal tibial shaft fractures. They were admitted to our department between March 2014 and June 2016 and treated respectively by closed reduction and ETN (group A, n=15) or minimally invasive proximal tibial plating (group B, n=15). To compare the therapeutic effects between two groups, the intraoperative condition, post-operative function, related complications and malalignment were investigated.

Results: All the patients were successfully followed up till radiological union. The average union time for group A was 14.2 months and for group B was 16.7 months. 3 patients in group A developed delayed union and was treated with dynamization and ultimately lead to union whereas 1 patient developed non-union in group B. There were 3 cases of superficial infection in group B cured by antibiotics and repeated dressing change. Moreover, group A showed better result in terms of intraoperative blood loss, operation time, postoperative weight bearing time and fracture union time. Functional scores as calculated by the knee rating scale of the hospital for special surgery, 12 (80%) had excellent results in group A compared to 10 (66.66%) in group B which was not statistically significant.

Conclusions: Compared with plate and screw fixation, ETN fixation has the advantages of fewer complications, shorter operation time, being less invasive, earlier postoperative rehabilitation and weight bearing, quicker fracture union and better functional recovery, thus being an effective way to treat extra articular proximal tibial fractures.
Functional outcome of calcaneal locking compression plate
Authors: Thomas George , John Jinny
Published: April 2018

Background: The calcaneus is the frequently injured tarsal bone.75% of calcaneal fractures are intraarticular. Treating calcaneal fractures is a challenge for orthopaedic surgeon due to complex fracture pathology. Our aim is to evaluate the functional outcome of calcaneum Locking compression plate in patients with intraarticular calcaneal fractures with Bohler’s angle <20 degree who are admitted in the department of Orthopaedics, Government Medical College, Kottayam.

Methods: In this study, 41 patients with 42 intraarticular calcaneal fractures were operated on with locking compression plate through lateral approach during the period of July 2015 to December 2016. Radiological evaluation done with X-rays. Bohler’s angle was measured from lateral view and those patients with angle <200 were selected for study. Patients were followed up clinically and radiologically for 24 weeks. Radiological assessment was done by Bohlers angle. Functional outcome was assessed using American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) scale.

Results: At 24 weeks follow up, 90.5% of the study population had excellent to good functional outcome and 9.5% had fair and none had poor result. All patients had stable hind foot with all having good dorsiflexion and plantar flexion. But some patients had limited inversion and eversion. The mean postoperative Bohler’s angle was 30.02±3.97.

Conclusions: Open reduction and internal fixation with locking compression plate gives sound functional outcome, if the surgery is well timed. Anatomical articular reduction especially of the posterior facet to be achieved and restoration of Bohler’s angle to normal range to be attempted.
Anterior hip dislocation in young patient obturator (inferior) type: a rare case report
Authors: Kulambi Vijaykumar , Chaudhari Kartavya , Pethapara Vickykumar
Published: April 2018

Obturator type traumatic anterior hip dislocation in adult is rare of all type of hip dislocation. Here we described a case with same description. A patient 30 years male residing at Hoovina Hadagali, Bellary district, Karnataka met road traffic accident of his car while he was sitting in front seat with thigh abducted. He was brought to emergency room where he was diagnosed as obturator type of anterior right hip dislocation and closed reduction was achieved within 2 hours. Patient was posted for closed reduction of right hip under general anaesthesia which achieved by Alli’s maneuver followed by traction and immobilisation with Thomas splint. 3 weeks of immobilisation followed by progressive mobilisation and loading patient was able to walk without any complaint with normal range of movements after 6 months.
Neglected posterior acetabular wall fracture managed with uncemented total hip arthroplasty with posterior wall reconstruction by femoral head autograft: a case report
Authors: Avtar Ram , Khanna Varun , Kumar Krishan
Published: April 2018

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) poses several challenges as a treatment option for acetabular fracture especially in the setting of a neglected fracture. The potential technical challenges of THA include the altered anatomy and hip centre, acetabular bone deficit, difficulty in achieving long-term fixation of the acetabular shell and risk of nerve injury. In our case, a forty two years old, male labrourer presented with a five months old injury, which was previously managed only conservatively. Preoperative evaluation revealed displaced posterior wall acetabulum with superiorly migrated femur head with flattened contour. We managed the case with uncemented THA. The acetabular defect was addressed using the femoral head autograft which was secured with screws. On three months follow up, radiographical evalution showed good graft consolidation without any acetabular component migration and functionally a Harris hip score of 76. Thus, in case of neglected acetabular fractures, with high probability of post traumatic arthritis to develop, THA remains the preferred choice of management. Albeit challenging to perform, THA provides effective way to decrease pain, improve stability and increase functional outcomes.
Retrospective analysis of burden of maternal syphilis and the outcome in the fetus in a tertiary care centre
Authors: Manimegalai M. , Elangovan P. , Kayalvizhi V.A. , Rangapriya D. Mithra
Published: April 2018

Background: Syphilis in pregnancy has its own significance with regards to the outcome of pregnancy. In the meanwhile, it also reflects the effectiveness of health system in the community.

Methods: A retrospective study was carried out in a tertiary care centre in Chennai between January 2014 and July 2015 to determine the seroprevalence of syphilis in pregnant women. A total of 4423 ANC mother attending the hospital were included in the study.

Results: Of the 4423 cases studied, 7 cases were found to be positive for RPR accounting to the prevalence of 0.15%. One mother was symptomatic, presenting with condyloma lata. TPHA was positive in 2 cases (28.5%) Most common association was with HIV infection, 2/7 (28.5%). All the RPR positive patients were treated with tablet erythromycin 500 mg qid × 14 days. Epidose for the partner was given. The outcome was uneventful except for one. A single case of congenital syphilis was reported.

Conclusions: Though the prevalence of RPR positive in routine screening is less, the outcome of single congenital syphilis is worrisome. To conclude, although the prevalence of syphilis (0.1%) is low, routine screening of asymptomatic ante natal women is recommended to reduce the incidence of congenital syphilis & perinatal complications and it is always better to treat the ANC mothers with syphilis with Penicillin, preferably with a second dose also.
A study of cutaneous manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus in Malwa region of India
Authors: Kohli Pankaj , Sharma Komal , Tolani Akshay
Published: April 2018

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease. SLE is the most common connective tissue disease. Its prevalence varies according to geographical and racial background from 3/10 000 in Caucasians to 20/10 000 in Afro-Caribbeans. Around 90% of affected individuals are women, and the peak age at onset is between 20 and 30 years. Limited studies are available in India which have documented the frequency of cutaneous manifestations of SLE, so, this study was planned to evaluate the frequency of skin manifestations of SLE, in a tertiary care centre of Malwa region of India.

Methods: All demographic data including age, sex, weight was collected on a pre-designed proforma. All the patients were evaluated for cutaneous manifestations of SLE i.e. malar rash, discoid rash, oral ulcers, photosensitivity etc. All the information was recorded in designed proforma.

Results: Among 100 SLE subjects, 82 (82%) patients had skin manifestations, 18 (18%) patients had oral ulcer and 12 (12%) patients had raynaud’s phenomenon at the time of presentation. Among dermatological manifestations, 42% patients had photosensivity, 35% patients had malar rash, 30% patients had discoid rash, 10% patients had alopecia and 2% patients had bullous lesion.

Conclusions: Skin lesions in patients with lupus may be specific or nonspecific. This study covers the SLE-specific cutaneous changes: malar rash, discoid rash, photosensitivity, and oral mucosal lesions as well as SLE nonspecific skin manifestations. A deeper thorough understanding of the cutaneous manifestations of SLE is essential for diagnosis, prognosis, and efficient management. Thus, dermatologists should be involved with other specialties to provide optimal care of SLE patient.
Cutaneous manifestations of endocrine disorders
Authors: K. Kirthi Sampath , S. Haritha , B. Mahesh
Published: April 2018

Background: It is a well-known fact that the skin is referred to as a window or mirror to the body. The present study was undertaken to know the spectrum of cutaneous manifestations in endocrinological disorders.

Methods: A total of 500 patients with endocrinological disorders attending the Medical and Dermatology OPD at Dr. PSIMS&RF were studied. Among the 500 cases studied, 417 patients had diabetes, 81 cases had thyroid disorder and 2 patients had Addison’s disease.

Results: Most common dermatoses observed in patients with diabetes mellitus were infections {(fungal 25.3%), bacterial (6.92%), viral (5.42%)} followed by eczemas (13.2%), psoriasis (8.13%). Among 81 patients with thyroid disease, 78 patients were hypothyroid and 3 patients had hyperthyroidism and skin manifestations were observed in 55 (67%) of the patients with thyroid disorders. Most common dermatoses observed in patients with hypothyroidism were fungal infections (23.07%), urticaria (19.23%), xerosis (13.46%), bacterial infections (13.46%), psoriasis (11.53%). All 3 hyperthyroid patients have shown skin manifestations. 2 patients had diffuse hair loss and 1 patient had vitiligo. 2 cases of Addison’s disease were observed and both of them showed diffuse hyperpigmentation with accentuation over palmar creases, knuckles and gums.

Conclusions: The present study shows the wide range of skin lesions in patients with endocrinological disorders paerticularly diabetes mellitus and thyroid disease. Through knowledge of the associated skin lesions helps in early diagnosis of underlying endocrine abnormality and thereby appropriate treatment provided at the earliest helps in preventing complications. 
Intense pulsed light for the treatment of hirsutism
Authors: Subha R. , Suganthy V. , Tharini G. K.
Published: April 2018

Background: Hirsutism can represent a severe cosmetic disturbance, sometimes with psychological implications. Various lasers and broadband light sources have been developed for treatment of hirsutism. The objective of this study was to know the efficacy of IPL in hirsutism patients

Methods: Forty patients were included in the study. Treatment parameters in respect of pulse duration and fluence were determined according to manufacturer’s recommendation. Hair removal efficiency was calculated as a percentage of the number of hairs present at each visit compared with baseline count.

Results: Most of the patients were of the skin type 4 and type 5. More number of patients had hair growth over the chin and sides. Among 40 patients, 70% of patients had good response and 15% of patients had an excellent response. Minimal side effects only noted.

Conclusions: IPL is safe and efficient modality for treatment of hirsutism.
Cutaneous metastasis from adenocarcinoma of cervix: a rare case report
Authors: Jindal Rashmi , Mittal Ankur , Shirazi Nadia , Gupta Nidhi Mimani
Published: April 2018

Cutaneous metastasis from solid malignancies is rare and thus can be easily overlooked. The reported case is of a forty years old woman who presented with cutaneous metastasis and vulval lymphedema from adenocarcinoma of uterine cervix.
Imatinib mesylate induced lichenoid drug eruption masquerading as small plaque parapsoriasis
Authors: T. S. Rajashekar , Madhavi G. Shruthi , Kuppuswamy Suresh Kumar
Published: April 2018

Imatinib mesylate (IM) is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved for chronic myeloid leukemia, gastrointestinal stromal tumor and few dermatological conditions such as dermatofibrosarcoma protruberans, systemic sclerosis and systemic mastocytosis among other conditions. It is known to cause non lichenoid eruptions commonly and rarely it can cause lichenoid drug eruption. Small plaque parapsoriasis is a monoclonal T cell disorder with clinical similarity to psoriasis characterised by small sized plaques with digitate appearance.We report a case of 75 year old male on IM for gastrointestinal stromal tumor who presented with clinical features suggestive of small plaque parapsoriasis which was eventually proved as lichenoid drug eruption secondary to IM on biopsy. IM was identified as the offending drug and the eruptions subsided one month after discontinuation of the drug.
Florística e estrutura do componente arbustivo-arbóreo de um remanescente de cerrado sensu stricto, Gurupi, Tocantins
Authors: Aguiar Bruno Aurélio , Camargo Marília Oliveira , Ferreira Rômullo Quirino de Souza , Teixeira Paulo Ricardo , Ribeiro Rubens Ribeiro da , Souza Priscila Bezerra de
Published: April 2018

Objetivou-se caracterizar a florística e a fitossociologia de um fragmento de cerrado sensu stricto, localizado em Gurupi, Tocantins. O estudo foi realizado na Reserva legal da fazenda experimental da Universidade Federal do Tocantins, campus de Gurupi, Tocantins. Foram implantadas cinco parcelas de 20x50m, totalizando 5000m² e amostrados todos os indivíduos com circunferência maior ou igual a 10 cm, ao nível do solo (CAS). Foram registrados 906 indivíduos arbustivo-arbóreo pertencentes a 42 famílias, 102 espécies e 78 gêneros. As famílias que se destacarem em numero de indivíduos, frequência, dominância foram Myrtacea, Vochystaceae, Burseraceae e Fabaceae, entre os indivíduos os principais foram Myrcia fallax (Rich) DC, Protium heptaphyllum (Aubl) Marchand e Qualea multiflora Mart. O índice de diversidade de Shannon (H´) foi de 3,70 e equabilidade J´0,80, sendo considerados padrões para a região do cerrado.
Densidade, caracterização e eficiência de bactérias fixadoras de Nitrogênio em áreas de caatinga degradada
Authors: Almeida Aldênia Mendes Mascena de , Mendes Filho Paulo Furtado , Garcia Kaio Gráculo Vieira , Gomes Vânia Felipe Freire , Almeida Cicero Lima de
Published: April 2018

A degradação do solo resultante de práticas não conservacionistas pode acarretar prejuízos irreparáveis às propriedades químicas e biológicas do sistema edáfico de regiões Semiáridas do Nordeste brasileiro. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar os atributos químicos do solo, estimando a densidade populacional de rizóbios nativos e isolando estirpes eficientes na fixação simbiótica do N2 no feijão-caupi em áreas de exclusão e de superpastejo. O estudo foi realizado na Fazenda Formigueiro, pertencente ao município de Irauçuba Ceará. As coletas do solo foram realizadas em duas áreas caracterizadas por diferentes níveis de degradação, sendo: área de exclusão e área de superpastejo. O delineamento experimental adotado foi inteiramente casualizado com oito tratamentos e quatro repetições, sendo um controle com adição de nitrogênio mineral C (+N-R); e um com omissão de nitrogênio mineral e ausência de inoculação C (-N-R), totalizando 32 unidades experimentais. O uso intensivo do solo e o histórico de manejo das áreas estudadas contribuíram de forma negativa para as propriedades químicas e densidade de células rizobianas. O estudo da eficiência fixadora de N2 das estirpes nativas nas áreas de exclusão e superpastejo evidenciaram a ocorrência de estirpes com eficiência variável, apresentando uma eficácia simbiótica em torno de 22 a 41% para a cultura do feijão-caupi.
Degradação ambiental no Açude de Bodocongó na cidade de Campina Grande, Paraíba
Authors: Andrade Lazaro Ramom dos Santos , Araújo Sérgio Murilo Santos , Andrade Marília Zulmira Sena de Souza , Medeiros Luísa Eduarda Lucena
Published: April 2018

O Açude de Bodocongó localizado na cidade de Campina Grande, Paraíba vem sofrendo ações antrópicas ao longo dos anos que contribuem para a degradação das suas águas, mas também degradam o ambiente a qual o açude está inserido. Sendo assim, este estudo objetivou-se analisar a degradação ambiental no entorno do Açude de Bodocongó, diagnosticando a qualidade da água por meio de parâmetros como pH, temperatura da água, oxigênio dissolvido, condutividade elétrica e sólidos totais dissolvidos. O estudo foi realizado em julho de 2016, de modo que foram realizadas medições in loco desses parâmetros três vezes por semana com o auxílio de aparelhos eletrônicos digitais. A análise da degradação ambiental no entorno do açude foi realizada por meio da observação dos fenômenos que contribuem para a deterioração desse ecossistema aquático. Os resultados obtidos para os parâmetros avaliados mostram que o oxigênio dissolvido, condutividade elétrica e sólidos totais dissolvidos estão fora dos padrões recomendados, refletindo a contaminação dessas águas. Sendo assim, as ações antrópicas como lançamento de efluentes e resíduos sólidos, assim como a lavagem de veículos nas margens do açude intensificam a degradação ambiental nessa área. A educação ambiental seguida de políticas públicas voltadas para recuperação dessa área são instrumentos necessários e urgentes para que o Açude de Bodocongó possa recuperar as condições físicas, químicas e biológicas naturais.
Metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma in a pregnant woman
Authors: Büyükavcı Raikan , Apaydın Hakan , Aktürk Semra
Published: April 2018

Gastric cancers occur in only 0.025% to 0.1% of all
pregnancies. We present a pregnant woman with gastric adenocarcinoma associated
with bone metastasis. She is 36-year-old (gravida:4, para:0) 16-week pregnancy,
complaining of nausea, vomiting, weight loss (~15 kg) and low back pain.
Although the patient considered the condition to be related with pregnancy and
underestimated its importance. She had high erythrocyte sedimentation rate (107
mm/h) and anemia (hemoglobin = 9.4 gr/dl). Lumbar magnetic resonance imaging showed
L4 vertebrae malign compression fracture and diffuse bone metastasis. Because
of the patient's melena, esophagogastroduodenoscopy was performed and biopsy
result was reported as stomach adenocarcinoma. It is important to evaluate the
symptoms of low back pain and pregnancy related symptoms carefully and do not
cause delays in diagnosis due to overlapping symptoms.
Student Perceptions of Academic Dishonesty in a Private Middle Eastern University
Authors: Ahmed Khawlah
Published: April 2018

Objective: In varying degrees of severity and seriousness, evidence of academic dishonesty exists in tertiary institutions around the world. This paper examines academic misconduct in a tertiary-level institution in one of the Gulf countries to see if academic dishonesty prevails, and if so, how and why it happens.

Method: To gauge students’ perceptions about academic dishonesty in this context, a survey was distributed to 111 junior, sophomore, and senior level students taking an advanced academic writing course in a private university.

Results: Results show statistically significant evidence that cheating exists.

Conclusions: While research on academic misconduct is extensive in Western contexts, less is documented in the Middle East and North Africa region besides conceptual papers that aim to create a general understanding of this issue and newspaper articles that discuss its prevalence.

Implications for Theory and/or Practice: This paper underscores the existence of academic misconduct in the Middle East and North Africa region, identifying the need for further research and implementation of improved teaching strategies and increased attention regarding academic misconduct.
VIOLÊNCIA DE GÊNERO E TRIBUNAL DE JUSTIÇA DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL: o que é gênero segundo o discurso dos desembargadores e desembargadoras e qual seu reflexo na aplicação da Lei Maria da Penha
Authors: Ramos da Silva Vanessa , Pinhal de Carlos Paula
Published: April 2018

A Lei Maria da Penha foi criada para tutelar os direitos das mulheres em situação de violência e, para a sua aplicação, é necessário que estejam presentes alguns requisitos, tendo em vista que nem toda violência que ocorre é baseada no gênero. Contudo, na hora da aplicação da lei e verificação da presença desses requisitos, por vezes ocorrem equívocos quanto ao que é efetivamente violência de gênero, o que ocasiona o declínio de competência em casos que deveriam ser abarcados pela Lei Maria da Penha e julgados pelos Juizados de Violência Doméstica e Familiar contra a Mulher. Através de uma análise dos acórdãos proferidos pelo Tribunal de Justiça do Rio Grande do Sul (TJRS), verificou-se que isso ocorre, dentre outros motivos, por causa da incipiência do conceito de gênero no Judiciário, o que acaba prejudicando o processamento de casos objeto dessa lei. Este artigo, portanto, buscou entender qual é o conceito de gênero utilizado pelo TJRS e, a partir disso, trazer o conceito de gênero vindo das Ciências Humanas e Sociais, verificando se havia consonância entre ambos.
ÂTEŞ-KEDE-İ MUNTAFÎ’DE YER ALAN ŞAH, ŞEHZADE VE EMİR UNVANLI ŞAİRLERİN BİYOGRAFİLERİ
Authors: BİLTEKİN Halit , NALBAT Muhammet
Published: April 2018

Şairlerin hal tercümelerine
(biyografi) ve eserlerinden örneklere yer veren şair tezkireleri, edebiyat
tarihçileri için önemli başvuru kaynakları olarak nitelendirilmektedir. Âteş-kede-i
Âzer adlı tezkire, Farsça yazılmış tezkireler arasında, birçok Türk şairin
biyografisini ihtiva etmesi, bunun yanında coğrafi ve tarihi bilgiler vermesi sebebiyle
Türk edebiyat ve kültür tarihi için büyük önem arz etmektedir. Safevî Dönemi
şairlerinden Âzer-i Begdilî tarafından Hicrî 1193 tarihinde tamamlandığı tahmin
edilen tezkirenin bugün için bilinen tek Türkçe tercümesi Âteş-kede-i Muntafî adlı
eserdir. Bu bağlamda,, Âteş-kede-i Muntafî’nin yayımlanıp edebiyat
araştırmacılarının istifadesine sunulması gerekmektedir. Âteş-kede-i Âzer’de
farklı memleketlerden 850 şairin biyografisine yer verilmiştir. Tezkiredeki
bölümlerden biri “şu‘le” isimli olup İslam coğrafyasındaki -özellikle Türk
asıllı- hükümdar, şehzade ve emir şairlerin hal tercümelerini ihtiva etmektedir.
Âteş-kede-i Âzer tercümesi Âteş-kede-i Muntafî’de ise bu bölüm “çeşme-sâr”
adıyla tercüme edilmiştir. Bu makâlede, “çeşme-sâr” bölümünde bahsi geçen şah,
şehzade ve emir unvanlı 83 şairin biyografileri ve örnek şiirleri yer alacaktır.
Makâlenin giriş bölümünde tezkire türünden, Türk ve Fars edebiyatlarındaki önemli
örneklerinden kısaca bahsedilecektir. Daha sonra Âteş-kede ve Âteş-kede-i Muntafî
hakkında bilgi verilerek bu iki eser mukayese edilecektir. Makâlenin sonunda “çeşme-sâr”
bölümündeki şah, şehzade ve emir unvanlı 83 şairin hal tercümeleri yeni
harflerle, söz konusu şairlerin Farsça şiir örnekleri ise matbu harflerle
verilerek araştırmacıların istifadesine sunulacaktır.
Os Estilos de Aprendizagem dos estudantes de graduação em Relações Internacionais segundo o Modelo de Alonso, Gallego e Honey
Authors: Magri de Queiroz Igor , Granja e Barros Ana Flávia
Published: April 2018

To achieve better results at the end of an academic course, learning processes may be assessed regarding different learning styles. Students are key players in the learning process because of their individual profile, not only an homogeneous group ready to receive knowledge. Applying the Alonso, Gallego and Honey (2007) model to an University of Brasilia undergraduate IR classroom, we found that plural methodology should be encouraged in the near future.
O Regime Internacional dos Refugiados e os instrumentos de proteção jurídica em nível internacional e latino-americano
Authors: Silva Thalita Melo , Pacífico Andrea Maria Calazans Pacheco
Published: April 2018

This article aims to analyze the evolution of the international regime for the protection of refugees, through the institutional evolution of rules and norms built by the UN system. Additionally, it seeks to explain the instruments of international and regional protection in Latin America that guarantee the regulation of refugee status and obligations to be met by states.
South America and Southeast Asia interregional relations: Beyond South-South Bilateralism
Authors: Rubiolo María Florencia
Published: April 2018

South America relations with East Asian countries have flourished during the last decade. This dynamism was fueled by the economic trade complementarities, and the increasing demand of Asian economies of primary products and its manufactures. Our aim in this paper is to identify and analyze the latest developments of interregional initiatives between Southeast Asia and South America, considering also the contributions of bilateral and multilateral policies in enhancing the interregional links.
Empirical Study on Annual Energy-Saving Performance of Energy Performance Contracting in China
Authors: Ruan Hongquan , Gao Xin , Mao Chaoxuan
Published: April 2018

Currently, the estimation of annual energy-saving performance of Energy Performance Contracting (EPC) projects is still at the operating level of each individual project, lacking a systematic summary. This paper studies the regression relationships of revamping cost in terms of annual energy-saving quantity and annual cost saving of EPC projects. The regression results show that there are statistically significant correlations in the above relationships in the nine subsectors investigated. These results contribute to EPC investment decisions and trust relationships between Energy Service Companies (ESCos) and energy-consuming units (ECUs). Then a multiple linear regression model of revamping cost is set up to analyze its influencing factors. The model indicates that the subsector the sample belongs to, financing, registered capital of the ESCo, and contract period have significant effects on revamping cost. Finally, advice for promoting investment in EPC projects is given.
Comunicaciones orales
Authors: Rev Hispanoam Hernia II Congreso
Published: April 2018

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Effect of Total versus Partial Assisted Hatching on the Clinical Pregnancy Rates in Assisted Reproduction Technology
Authors: Bilgic Bulent Emre , Ozkaya Enis , Yayla  Abide Cigdem , Kayatas Eser Semra , Sanverdi Ilhan , Kutlu Tayfun
Published: April 2018

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of total or partial assisted hatching on the clinical pregnancy rates in assisted reproduction technology.Study Design: This was a case-control study conducted from the beginning of January 2016 to the end of June 2017. A total of 404 cycles were included in this case-control study. Study population was divided into 3 groups: Group 1: Partial assisted hatching (n=118), Group 2: Total assisted hatching (n=81) and Control group (n=205).Results: In women of all ages, clinical pregnancy rates were similar between groups with total or partial assisted hatching compared to control group (p>0.05). The rates were also similar in subgroups of women with blastocyst or cleavage stage embryo transfers (p>0.05). Partial or total embryo hatching did not result in favorable outcome compared to control group either in women over 35 or younger than 35 years of age (p>0.05). In whole study group pregnancy rate was significantly higher in group with blastocyst stage embryo transfers (22.4 % versus 48.8%, p<0.05)Conclusion: Partial or total assisted hatching do not have any impact on the clinical pregnancy rates, no significant impact was determined in subgroup of women either.
Consumer water quality evaluation of private and public drinking water sources
Authors: Gholson Drew M. , Boellstorff Diane E. , Cummings Scott R. , Wagner Kevin L. , Dozier Monty C.
Published: April 2018

Private water wells have no requirements to be tested or monitored to ensure safe drinking water quality, and yet those receiving their primary drinking water from private supplies are more frequently confident that their tap drinking water is safe. Using data from surveys administered in 2008 and 2014, this study assesses public attitudes and perceptions regarding drinking water. This study examines the results of a random sample survey of Texans to evaluate citizen awareness and attitudes on water issues. Most respondents reported that they believe their drinking water is of high quality, with 81.4% responding that they believe their tap water is safe to drink. An even larger number, 92.1%, of those receiving their water from private sources believe their tap water is safe. Conversely, only 57.0% of respondents who consume bottled water as their primary source of drinking water believe their tap water is safe to drink. Additionally, more than 65% of Texans receiving their primary drinking water from private supplies (usually their private water well) have never had their water supply tested. A large majority (81.3%) of those primarily receiving their drinking water from private supplies believed groundwater in their area to be of good or excellent quality.
The derivation of water quality criteria for bisphenol A for the protection of marine species in China
Authors: Guan Bo , Guo Lei , Gibson Mark , Li Zhengyan
Published: April 2018

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an environmental estrogen that occurs widely in the aquatic environment and causes feminization to various species, including fishes and gastropods. This study aims to develop the water quality criteria for BPA in the marine environment using the species sensitivity distribution (SSD) methodology from a scientific basis. Both acute and chronic toxicity data tested with saltwater species resident to China were collected. Additional tests were conducted to supplement toxicity data with local saltwater biota, including mollusk (Ruditapes philippinarum) and fish species (Scophthalmus maximus and Pagrosomus major). Based on SSD modelling, the criterion maximum concentration of BPA was estimated to be 273 μg/L. The criterion continuous concentration (CCC) for reproductive and non-reproductive effects was calculated to be 0.46 μg/L and 4.90 μg/L, respectively. Based on the derived criteria, the acute risk of BPA in coastal waters of China was determined to be negligible with RQs (risk quotients) of <0.01. The chronic risk was however much higher with RQs of up to 0.4 and 4.3 based on non-reproductive and reproductive CCC, respectively. The ecological risk assessment for BPA based on reproductive CCC can, therefore, better protect the safety of marine species.
Assessment of Auditory Pathways Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Patients with Neurofibromatosis Type 1
Authors: Meydan Sedat , Aydin Sinem , Otcu Hafize , Kitis Serkan , Alkan Alpay
Published: April 2018

Aim:

The aim of our study was to determine whether the diffusion properties of the
auditory pathways alter between patients with Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and the healthy subjects.
DTI can well demonstrate FA and ADC changes in auditory tracts and it may be a guide to
identify the candidates for hearing loss among NF1 children.

Methods:

The study population consisted of 43 patients with NF1 and 21 healthy controls. Diffusion
tensor imaging (DTI) was used to measure apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and fractional
anisotropy (FA) values from lemniscus lateralis, colliculus inferior, corpus geniculatum mediale
and Heschl's gyrus. The results were compared with those of the control group.

Results:

The ADC values of lateral lemniscus, colliculus inferior and corpus geniculatum mediale
were significantly higher in NF1 compared to those of the control group. On the other hand, decreased
FA values were observed in lateral lemniscus and colliculus inferior in patients with NF1.

Conclusion:

The increase in ADC and reduction in FA in the auditory pathways of patients with
NF1 may suggest microstructural alterations, such as a decrease in the number of axons, edema or
inflammation in the auditory tracts.
Retraction Notice: Improved Level Set Segmentation Algorithm Based on Kernel Fuzzy Particles Swarm Optimization (KFPSO) Clustering for MRI Images
Authors: Elaiyaraja G.
Published: April 2018

The article entitled “Improved Level Set Segmentation Algorithm Based on Kernel Fuzzy Particles Swarm Optimization (KFPSO) Clustering for MRI Images”, by G. Elaiyaraja, P. Epsiba, N. Kumaratharan and G. Suresh, has been retracted. Kindly see Bentham Science Policy on Article retraction at the link given below:

(https://www.benthamscience.com/journals/current-medical-imaging/author-guidelines/). This article has been retracted on the request of the Editor.

The authors have plagiarized a paper that had already been published in the journal Current Medical Imaging (CMIM) (Formerly: Current Medical Imaging Reviews) 14(3), Page: 389-400. http://www.eurekaselect.com/149444.

It is a pre-requisite for authors to declare explicitly that their work is original and has not been published elsewhere. Authors are advised to properly cite the original source to avoid plagiarism and copyright violation. As such this article represents a severe abuse of the scientific publishing system. Bentham Science Publishers takes a very strong view on this matter and apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may cause.