bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Zeolit Alam Sebagai Katalis Pada Sintesa Solketal Dari Gliserol Dan Aseton Melalui Proses Ketalisasi
Authors: Oko Syarifuddin , Kurniawan Andri , Saputra Tori
Published: June 2024

Seiring dengan semakin tumbuhnya industri biodiesel, maka produksi gliserol sebagai hasil samping industri biodiesel juga semakin meningkat. Produksi solketal merupakan salah satu langkah yang tepat untuk mengatasi limbah gliserol dalam jumlah besar, selain itu solketal juga digunakan sebagai bahan tambahan pada bahan bakar minyak karena dapat menurunkan emisi partikulat, memperbaiki sifat aliran dingin, dan meningkatkan bilangan setana. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi katalis zeolit terhadap rendamen dan densitas pada sintesis solketal. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk membuat solketal dan menggunakan katalis zeolit. Variasi yang dilakukan adalah konsentrasi zeolit (2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, dan 10%) dengan cara merefluks selama 12 jam sampai didapat solketal yang dihasilkan. Untuk mengetahui solketal yang dihasilkan dari pengaruh variasi konsentrasi zeolit yang ditambahkan maka dilakukan beberapa pengujian yaitu analisa rendamen dan densitas. Dari hasil penelitian, diperoleh hasil solketal terbaik pada variasi konsentrasi katalis zeolit 4% dan dimana konsentrasi ini memiliki nilai densitas terbaik yaitu 1,0768 g/mL karena nilai ini mendekati nilai teoritis yaitu sebesar 1,06 g/mL dan memiliki rendamen sebesar 77,89%. Hasil yang teruji dengan FT-IR menunjukkan adanya gugus fungsi yang mengandung solketal.  Along with the growing biodiesel industry, the production of glycerol as a by-product of the biodiesel industry is also increasing. Solketal production is one of the right steps to deal with large amounts of glycerol waste, besides that solketal is also used as an additive to fuel oil because it can reduce particulate emissions, improve cold flow properties, and increase cetane number. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of zeolite catalyst concentration on the rendement and density of solketal synthesis. This research was conducted to make solketal and use a zeolite catalyst. The variation was the concentrations of zeolite (2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10%) by refluxing for 12 hours until the resulting solketal was obtained. To determine the solketal produced from the effect of variations in the concentration of zeolite added, several tests were carried out, namely analysis of rendement and density. From the results of the study, the best solketal results were obtained at a variation of 4% zeolite catalyst concentration and where this concentration had the best density value of 1.0768 g/mL because this value was close to the theoretical value of 1.06 g/mL and had a yield of 77.89%. The results tested by FT-IR showed the presence of functional groups containing solketals.
Pembuatan Yoghurt Bubuk Susu Kedelai (Glycine max L.Meriil) Menggunakan Metode Foam Mat Drying dengan Penambahan Maltodekstrin Sebagai Bahan Penyalut
Authors: Hayati Rihma Nur , Rohmah Isyqi Aulia , Sa'adah Khoirus , Hikmawati Septiani Nurul , Muflihati Iffah
Published: June 2024

Susu kedelai merupakan produk dari protein nabati yaitu sari kacang kedelai yang dapat diolah lebih lanjut menjadi produk fermentasi berupa yoghurt namun masa simpan relatif rendah apabila disimpan disuhu ruang. Metode pengeringan merupakan metode yang sesuai untuk memperpanjang umur simpan yoghurt susu kedelai. Salah satu metode pengeringan yang dapat menghasilkan produk tersebut adalah foam mat drying. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk menentukan pengaruh konsentrasi maltodekstrin dan tween 80 terhadap karakteristik fisikokimia, mikrobiologi dan sensoris yoghurt bubuk susu kedelai. Tahapan awal pembuatan yoghurt bubuk susu kedelai dilakukan dengan proses fermentasi susu kedelai, kemudian dilanjutkan metode pengeringan dengan penambahan tween 80 dan maltodekstrin. Langkah selanjutnya yaitu proses pengeringan menggunakan metode foam mat drying. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan tween 80 dan maltodekstrin dapat menurunkan kadar air, TAT, nilai a* dan nilai b*, namun dapat meningkatkan kadar protein, kadar lemak, nilai L*, dan total mikroba. Penambahan tween 80 dan maltodekstrin tidak memberikan pengaruh terhadap warna kuning, warna putih, rasa manis, rasa asam, aroma yoghurt, dan aroma kedelai berdasarkan uji sensoris. Soy milk is a product of vegetable protein, namely soy bean juice, which can be further processed into a fermented product in the form of yoghurt, but its shelf life is relatively low when stored at room temperature. The drying method is a suitable method to extend the shelf life of soy milk yoghurt. One drying method that can produce this product is foam mat drying. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of maltodextrin and tween 80 concentrations on the physicochemical, microbiological and sensory characteristics of soy milk powdered yoghurt. The initial stage of making soy milk powdered yoghurt is carried out using the soy milk fermentation process, then followed by the drying method with the addition of Tween 80 and maltodextrin. The next step is the drying process using the foam mat drying method. The results showed that increasing tween 80 and maltodextrin could reduce water content, TAT, a* value and b* value, but could increase protein content, fat content, L* value and total microbes. The addition of tween 80 and maltodextrin had no effect on yellow color, white color, sweet taste, sour taste, yoghurt aroma and soybean aroma based on sensory tests.
Pengaruh Suhu Terhadap Difusivitas dan Konstanta Kecepatan Reaksi Transesterifikasi In-Situ Produksi Biodiesel
Authors: Amelia Nikma Azrul , Mustikaningrum Mega
Published: June 2024

Biodiesel merupakan bahan bakar yang dapat diperbarui dengan manfaatnya sebagai pengganti diesel/solar dengan keunggulan emisi gas buang yang jauh lebih baik. Pada penelitian kali ini dilakukan reaksi transesterifikasi in-situ produksi biodiesel berbasis biji mahoni. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai pengaruh perbedaan suhu pada hasil yield biodiesel serta menentukan nilai konstanta kecepatan reaksi ekstraktif dan difusivitas ekstraksi reaktif biodiesel. Metode transesterifikasi in situ dijalankan dengan rasio bahan baku dan metanol ( 1:101,39), bahan baku dan tetrahidrofuran (1:67,85), dan rasio NaOH sebesar 4% dari berat bahan baku. Dari hasil penelitian, yield biodiesel terbaik didapatkan pada suhu 30°C dengan 87,3%. Sementara itu, nilai konstanta kecepatan reaksi dan difusivitas bervariasi pada suhu 10°C, 20°C, dan 30°C. Pada suhu 30°C, konstanta kecepatan reaksi adalah 0,063 dm3/mol.menit dan nilai difusivitas untuk berbagai komponen seperti metanol, minyak nabati, metil ester, dan gliserol adalah 2 x 10-10 ; 2 x 10-10 ; 7,18 x 10-9 ; dan 1 x 10-10 dm3/menit.  Biodiesel is a renewable fuel with the benefit of being a substitute for diesel with the advantage of much better exhaust emissions. In this research, an in-situ transesterification reaction was carried out for the production of biodiesel based on mahogany seeds. This research aims to assess the effect of temperature differences on the biodiesel yield and determine the reaction rate of extractive and the diffusivity of reactive biodiesel extraction. The In-Situ Transesterification method was carried out with the ratio of raw material to methanol (1:101.39), raw material to tetrahydrofuran (1:67.85), and a NaOH ratio of 4% of the raw material weight. From the research results, the best biodiesel yield was obtained at a temperature of 30°C with 87.3%. Meanwhile, the reaction rate constant and diffusivity values vary at temperatures of 10°C, 20°C, and 30°C. At a temperature of 30°C, the reaction rate constant is 0.063 dm3/mol.minute, and the diffusivity values for various components such as methanol, vegetable oil, methyl ester, and glycerol are 2 x 10-10 ; 2 x 10-10 ; 7.18 x 10-9 ; and 1 x 10-10 dm3/minute, respectively.
Potensi Dekarbonisasi Pembangkit Listrik Batubara Melalui Cofiring Biomassa Dan Carbon Capture Utilization
Authors: Triani Meiri , Anggoro Didi Dwi , Yunianto Vitus Dwi
Published: June 2024

Dekarbonisasi sektor pembangkit listrik adalah langkah penting untuk mencapai pengurangan emisi karbon secara signifikan. Proses transisi energi di Indonesia dihadapkan pada tantangan bahwa bahan bakar fosil masih mendominasi kebutuhan pembangkit listrik. Studi ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis potensi dan tantangan upaya dekarbonisasi sistem pembangkitan listrik di Indonesia, terutama dalam pengembangan cofiring biomassa dan carbon capture utilization storage (CCUS) di masa mendatang dengan melakukan literature review terhadap berbagai publikasi yang relevan dari database science direct, serta laporan dan publikasi dari situs resmi organisasi (The International Energy Agency, Perusahaan Listrik Negara, Dewan Energi Nasional) yang terkait dengan fokus utama artikel ini. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa cofiring memiliki potensi besar untuk dikembangkan sebagai inisiatif strategis untuk mempercepat pencapaian target proporsi energi terbarukan sebesar 23% pada tahun 2025, namun perlu peningkatan perhatian kepada pengembangan konsep penyediaan pasokan biomassa yang berkelanjutan. Di sisi lain implementasi teknologi CCUS perlu pertimbangan matang, dengan alasan faktor biaya yang tinggi dan tingkat pengembangan teknologi yang belum meluas.  One of the critical steps in significantly reducing carbon emissions is through decarbonization of the electricity sector. The high dependence of the electricity sector on fossil fuels is a critical challenge in the energy transition process in Indonesia. This study was conducted to analyze the potential and challenges of the decarbonization strategies for the electricity sector in Indonesia, especially for the future development of cofiring biomass and carbon capture utilization storage (CCUS), by conducting a literature review of various relevant publications from the science direct database, reports, and publications from the official website organizations (The International Energy Agency, Indonesian state-owned electricity company, National Energy Council) related to the main focus discussed in this article. The results show that cofiring has the potential to be developed as a strategic initiative in accelerating the achievement of a renewable energy mix of 23% by 2025. However, increased attention is needed to develop strategies for providing sustainable biomass supply. While implementing the CCUS project needs to be further consideration to be applied, primarily due to the high-cost factor and the level of technological development that has yet to be widespread.
Short-term geomorphic adjustments of bars in the Elbe, a large regulated river in Czechia
Authors: Galia Tomáš , Škarpich Václav , Holušová Adriana , Hradecký Jan
Published: June 2024

Gravel and sandy bars constitute critical components of river channel morphology, yet their morphodynamics in large, heavily regulated rivers during periods without significant flows remain poorly understood. This study investigates changes in surface heterogeneity and sediment sizes through a two-year field monitoring program, focusing on the frontal, central, and distal sections of four bars along the Elbe River in Czechia. Despite the absence of high-flow events reaching at least a one-year recurrence interval, observable changes in surface heterogeneity and sediment sizes were noted across all bars. However, the changes did not follow a uniform pattern; individual bars and their sections exhibited varying degrees of surface sediment coarsening or fining, alongside increases or decreases in surface heterogeneity. These findings highlight the necessity for site-specific management strategies for individual bars within such human-impacted rivers, recognizing their value as ecological hotspots. Furthermore, the methodology presented in this study may serve as a blueprint for the cost-effective monitoring of bar dynamics in channelized river sections.
EU Contract Case Law, January – March 2024
Authors: Esposito Fabrizio , de Almeida Lucila , Valletta Elisa
Published: June 2024

This article provides an overview of the most relevant cases decided by the Court of Justice of the European Union concerning contract law. The present issue covers the period between the beginning of January 2024 and the end of March 2024. Out of a total of 123 judgments decided in this period, 37 had a contract law dimension.
Miniaturized independent controllable dual-band bandpass filter by using transversal signal interference concepts
Authors: Wang Li-Tian , Li Yu-Qi , Zhang Hong-Yuan , Chen Xuan , Qian Li-Rong , Li Cui-Ping , Li Dan , Xiong Yang
Published: June 2024

This paper presents and validates a compact dual-band bandpass filter with independent controllable passbands and isolation. The proposed filter is constructed by two transmission paths from input port to output port. Based on the transversal cancellation mechanism of two transmission paths, dual passband with independent controllable characteristics can be approached. The transversal cancellation techniques yield extra transmission zeros, which are located at 2.56 GHz, 3.58 GHz and 4.43 GHz respectively. Therefore, two passbands centered at 2.25/3.9 GHz are divided by triple transmission zeros. These transmission zeros also improve the out-of-band suppression performance of proposed filter. The designed prototype filter is implemented and tested, the measured 3 dB passband fractional bandwidths are 12.4 % and 7.5 %, respectively, and the minimum insertion losses are 0.48 dB and 0.88 dB respectively. Additionally, the dual-band transversal filter only occupies 0.012

λ
g
2

${\lambda }_{g}^{2}$

, which λ

g
is the guided wavelength at 50 Ω microstrip line at 2.25 GHz.
An exercise-based international polymer syllabus
Authors: Adhikari Rameshwar , Campana Patricia Targon , Choo Yvonne Shuen Lann , Lopes Dias Marcos , Dos Santos Claudio G. , Fellows Christopher M. , Hess Michael , Lucas-Roper Romain , Luscombe Christine K. , Mallon Peter E. , Merna Jan , Peeters Marloes , Quach Tien Thuy , Théato Patrick , Topham Paul D. , Vohlídal Jiří , Walter Michael
Published: June 2024

The IUPAC Subcommittee on Polymer Education has been pursuing the development of a compact syllabus covering the essential topics required for a tertiary education in polymer science, with numerical and short answer exercises addressing each topic. The primary goal of the document is to provide a framework for a complete course made freely available worldwide so that any educator can implement a professionally-curated course in polymer science for their students without needing expensive textbooks or reliable internet access. An important secondary goal is to popularize the use of approved IUPAC terminology in polymer science by using it consistently throughout the document and providing references to IUPAC source documents. Professor Melissa Chin Han Chan was an active and enthusiastic participant in the project who played a significant role in its design and implementation. The late Professor Richard ‘Dick’ Jones also had a keen interest in the project and had a great influence on its direction and structure. This brief note is dedicated to these two illustrious polymer scientists.
Coconut shell-derived green synthesised carbon nanotubes for clean-up of crude oil spills
Authors: Ibrahim Mansur Yahaya , Sulaiman Hadi
Published: June 2024

The global economy has led to an increase in oil transportation and exploitation, posing a threat to aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Crude oil spilled water purification is a major challenge worldwide. Researchers are focusing on finding adsorbents that improve oil adsorption capability. In the present study the adsorption of crude oil using synthesized carbon nanotubes (CNTs) prepared from coconut shell was investigated by batch adsorption experiments under varying parameters (adsorbent dosage and contact time) after analytical techniques (UV–vis, FTIR and SEM) confirmed the formation of the CNTs. The morphological modification significantly increased the hydrophobicity of the adsorbent, thus creating a synthesized CNTs with a much better adsorption capacity for crude oil removal having a maximum adsorption capacity of 4855.8 mg/g. The experimental results showed that the percentage of crude oil removal increased with an increase in adsorbent dosage and the contact time respectively. According to the correlation coefficient (R
2 = 0.9801) value obtained from the adsorption isotherm investigations, the isotherms were found to fit the Freundlich isotherm somewhat better than the Langmuir isotherm model, which is consistent with the findings reported in the literature. These findings have made the synthesised CNTs an attractive, useful, and environmentally friendly adsorbent for controlling crude oil spill.
Color Plates, Material, and Condition: Hermann Krone’s Contributions to Lippmann Interferential Color Photography
Authors: Gold Jens
Published: June 2024

Lippmann color photographs are among the rarest examples of early color photography in public and private collections worldwide. At the time, Hermann Krone was probably one of those who contributed most actively and with remarkable results to the Lippmann process. After general remarks about Krone’s work, this paper will describe more deeply his book about color photography focusing on the direct color process, the technology he practiced himself to accomplish interferential color, and the body of his Lippmann color photographs, which still exists today in major collections, and which has been recently examined by the author. With a focus on the work of Krone, the paper aims to give an overview of the variety of presentation forms of Lippmann color images in existence today and closes with information on the permanence and preservation of these early color photographic materials.
A Reinterpretation of the Relationship between Persistent and Resurgent Sodium Currents
Authors: Brown Samuel P. , Lawson Ryan J. , Moreno Jonathan D. , Ransdell Joseph L.
Published: June 2024

The resurgent sodium current (INaR) activates on membrane repolarization, such as during the downstroke of neuronal action potentials. Due to its unique activation properties, INaRis thought to drive high rates of repetitive neuronal firing. However, INaRis often studied in combination with the persistent or noninactivating portion of sodium currents (INaP). We used dynamic clamp to test how INaRand INaPindividually affect repetitive firing in adult cerebellar Purkinje neurons from male and female mice. We learned INaRdoes not scale repetitive firing rates due to its rapid decay at subthreshold voltages and that subthreshold INaPis critical in regulating neuronal firing rate. Adjustments to the voltage-gated sodium conductance model used in these studies revealed INaPand INaRcan be inversely scaled by adjusting occupancy in the slow-inactivated kinetic state. Together with additional dynamic clamp experiments, these data suggest the regulation of sodium channel slow inactivation can fine-tune INaPand Purkinje neuron repetitive firing rates.
Hormone type, soaking duration and seed coating affect dormancy and germination of pennycress (Thlaspi arvense) lines
Authors: Gomes Victor Emmanuel de Vasconcelos , Kennedy Ann M. , Darcy Amanda R. , Lindsey Alexander J.
Published: June 2024

Establishment of pennycress is key to ensure uniform stands and maximise canopy closure in autumn. Past work has demonstrated that selected seed treatments could improve germination and establishment, but the optimisation of these processes to minimise inputs and time have not been
assessed. The objective of this work was to evaluate seed enhancement technologies (hormone application by soaking and seed coating) to overcome seed dormancy and/or enhance germination. Two black-seeded lines (‘MN106NS’ and ‘ARV1’) and one golden-seeded line (‘tt8-t/ARV1’)
were examined. Seeds were soaked in gibberellic acid (GA4+7) or benzyladenine (6-BA), or distilled water for different durations (30, 60, 240 minutes) and compared to an unsoaked control. Results showed that the GA treatment significantly increased germination, particularly for ‘ARV1’
and ‘MN106NS’ lines. Seed coating increased seed diameter but did not enhance germination; instead, it hindered ‘tt8-t/ARV1’ germination by 99-100%. The study suggests soaking seeds for at least 30 minutes in a GA solution to improve germination in black-seeded
lines, however, economic and logistical factors must be considered. None of the tested enhancements proved beneficial on the two seed lots of golden-seeded line ‘tt8-t/ARV1’ and further research is needed to examine more seed lots before conclusions can be made.
Investigating the Factors that Influence the Implementation of Virtual Reality in Science Learning
Authors: Sumardani D. , Lin C. H.
Published: June 2024

Advanced virtual reality (VR) holds substantial promise in education and can be seamlessly integrated into classroom instruction, fostering rapid advancements in science education. This research aims to investigate the factors that influence the implementation of VR and the correlation between the technology acceptance model that can lead to its integration in the science educational setting. To address these objectives, structural equation modeling (SEM) is conducted to represent a hypothesis about the causal relationships among factors influencing preservice teachers to implement VR in the classroom, following their engagement in simulated science explorations related to the concept of weightlessness. The results reveal that the proposed model has strong explanatory power in predicting the intention to use VR in the classroom (R2=64.7%). This intention is influenced by perceived usefulness, perceived enjoyment, and the absence of cybersickness. Notably, our findings also indicate that Usage Attitude (UA), which pertains to participants’ positive or negative response towards technological usage, does not mediate the relationship between beliefs (PU, PEU, and PE) and Behavioral Intention (IU), prompting further exploration of the concepts of cognitive and affective attitude. Additionally, the findings from the preservice teachers’ responses support the notion that VR is valuable in educational contexts, enabling immersive experiences, authentic learning, and enhancing the learning journey, along with the concept of learning by doing.
Academic Self-Efficacy Inventory: Using Rasch Analysis to Develop and Evaluate Self-Efficacy Rating Scales
Authors: Yuberti Y. , Susilowati N. E. , Velina Y. , Latifah S.
Published: June 2024

As many studies have proven, self-efficacy positively affects learning performance. Therefore, many instruments have been developed to measure self-efficacy. To be used for educational purposes, the instrument must be proven valid and reliable. This study aims to develop and evaluate the Academic Self-Efficacy Inventory (ASEI) that meets the criteria to be applied as a self-efficacy instrument. This research is a two-phase study designed following the recommendations for scale design and development.A total of 505 Indonesian high school students majoring in science were involved as respondents to test the 20-item rating scale. As a result, all questionnaire items met the fit category with an item reliability score of 0.94, and the unidimensionality scale also met the variance value explained by measures and unexplained variance criteria. Thus, ASEI is declared suitable, reliable, and valid for measuring students' self-efficacy on the topic of light and sound waves. This research provides results in the form of a self-efficacy instrument on the topic of light and sound waves and a validity test with a high value, which is useful for readers to have confidence in the quality of the study results.
Fun Classroom: How Seven Graders and Science Teachers Respond to STEM Learning as the First Experience in Suburban Area?
Authors: Permanasari A. , Rubini B. , Pursitasari I. D. , Nurramadhani A. , Hadiana D. , Suwarma I. R. , Kumano Y.
Published: June 2024

STEM learning is now being implemented at science schools. After a STEM training session, a group of science teachers in West Java implemented STEM learning in secondary school, a heat and energy topic. The school where STEM learning is implemented is in the suburban area of West Java, Indonesia. The research aims to elaborate on how STEM learning can lead students to learn actively and interactively by using all their modalities as expected by the Merdeka Belajar curriculum. The qualitative research was conducted through profound learning observation. The impact of learning with the STEM approach was then investigated through the STEM Literacy of students. The observation was done directly by some science teachers, and video recording was used to complete the observation. The tests were also conducted to determine the quantitative picture of student achievement (STEM literacy assessment). The results of interviews with teachers and students revealed that this STEM learning was their first experience. Many interesting things were found during the learning process, which significantly provided prospects for the future of STEM learning. STEM learning does not necessarily improve student learning outcomes as expected. However, the characteristics of STEM learning in accelerating the Merdeka Belajar program are evident. All teachers involved agreed that if this learning was applied to at least three more topics, they were optimistic that students could achieve STEM literacy.
The Effectiveness of the Local Knowledge-Based Module (LKBM) to Improve Students’ Scientific Literacy and Thinking Skills
Authors: Uslan U. , Abdullah N. , Imami M. K. W. , Aiman U.
Published: June 2024

Scientific literacy is an essential 21st-century skill that students must master. Scientific literacy is the proficiency to engage with scientific ideas and knowledge that shapes the student’s ability to interpret and evaluate data within scientific inquiry and make decisions regarding natural change, human activities, and technology. In addition to scientific literacy, thinking skills are crucial in the current era. Thinking skills help students solve social, scientific, and practical problems. Therefore, the current research objective is to test the effectiveness of the local-based knowledge module as a learning media to enhance student scientific literacy and thinking skills in Kupang Regency. 78 elementary school students in Kupang, Indonesia, were involved. They were selected based on the random sampling method and divided into experimental and control groups. The data were collected before using the module, during the use of the module, and after using the module. The instrument used to collect the data was tested for validity and reliability with expert validation. The collected data was then analyzed with SPSS 16 package software. Descriptive analysis and MANOVA were performed. The results indicate that the students’ average scores in scientific literacy and thinking skills are enhanced after they use the module. It is emphasized by the significance of the MANOVA analysis, which indicates the difference in score between the group of students who use the local-based knowledge module and those who do not. Based on the results, the module effectively enhances students’ scientific literacy and thinking skills. Therefore, this module can be used by teachers at the learning level to improve their scientific literacy and thinking skills.
Enhancing Scientific Problem-Solving and Learning Achievement of Lower Secondary Students through Active Learning Management
Authors: Kanphukiew S. , Nuangchalerm P.
Published: June 2024

Active learning is an essential part of good science education. It engages students in the learning process, allowing them to get a better comprehension of scientific subjects. This research aims to enhance scientific problem-solving and also learning achievement of eighth-grade students through active learning organization. This study employed a pre-experimental design. The target group was 30 eighth-grade students from one school in Thailand. Three-hour learning management plans provided 15 hours of active learning organization. The result indicated that active learning encourages students to solve scientific problems. Students actively engage in defining and improving the learning process based on their own interests. As a result, students’ academic achievement and problem-solving in science were improved. Furthermore, when comparing the academic achievement and scientific problem-solving scores between after experiment and criterion. Additionally, students expressed a high level of satisfaction with the active science learning activities, as these activities contributed to their academic achievement and problem-solving in the field of science. It can be concluded that active learning is very useful and engage students to science classroom.
Critical Thinking and Collaboration Skills on Environmental Awareness in Project-Based Science Learning
Authors: Wibowo A. M. , Utaya S. , Wahjoedi W. , Zubaidah S. , Amin S. , Prasad R. R.
Published: June 2024

For prospective elementary education teachers, critical thinking and collaboration skills in project-based science learning can impact environmental awareness. Critical thinking and collaboration skills can affect prospective teachers' environmental awareness differently, especially in science learning with environmental material. This research aims to determine the effect of critical thinking and collaboration skills on environmental awareness. Correlational research was used to determine the relationship between the two variables. Research data was obtained from 114 prospective Elementary Education teachers at UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang through project-based learning. Assessment of critical thinking skills was based on reports or essays from projects undertaken. The collaboration instrument was based on rubrics and peer questionnaires. The environmental awareness instrument used a 27-item questionnaire. The questionnaire was measured using a Likert scale of 1 (strongly disagree) – 4 (strongly agree). The data obtained was tested using SEM to determine the effect of critical thinking and collaboration skills on environmental awareness. The research results show that critical thinking and collaboration skills positively affect environmental awareness. This is indicated by a P-value for critical thinking skills is 0.047 0.05 and a P-value for collaboration skills is 0 0.05. Collaboration skills have a stronger effect on environmental awareness than critical thinking skills (path coefficients = 0.766). Indicators of collaboration skills tend to emphasize the aspect of caring more about others and the surrounding environment. The suggestion for further research is needed to see the effects of other variables on environmental awareness in project-based science learning, such as creative thinking and communication skills.
Analysis Numeracy Literacy Skills of High School Students in Biodiversity Material Based on Minimum Competency Assessment Questions
Authors: Aini V. , Hidayat T. , Kusnadi K. , Williams C. , Hadibarata T.
Published: June 2024

Proficiency in numeracy literacy is indispensable for contemporary individuals, including comprehension of numbers, symbols, and analysis of quantitative data such as graphs, tables, and charts. In this context, students can effectively apply knowledge in practical real-world scenarios with robust numeracy literacy skills. The urgency of numeracy literacy skills needs to be increased by providing a training process through numeracy questions in various subjects including biology. Therefore, this research aimed to analyze numeracy literacy skills of high school students in Biology on biodiversity material adapted to the Minimum Competency Assessment questions using a descriptive and qualitative approach. A convenience sampling technique was used to obtain 80 students from Grade 10 of SHS IT Insan Mulia in Pringsewu, Lampung, Indonesia. The research instrument consisted of 11 multiple-choice Minimum Competency Assessment questions which included numeracy literacy indicators. The result showed that students' numeracy literacy skills were not satisfactory, consisting of 55.3%,54.4%, and 39.4% on content, cognitive processes, and context, respectively. The analysis reported students’ need for practice and improvement in the context dimension.
67th International Open Readings Conference for students of Physics and Natural Sciences. Annual Abstract Book 2024
Authors: Keršys Martynas , Naina Rimantas , Adomaitis Vincentas , Maskvytis Emilijus
Published: June 2024

“Open Readings 2024” is an international academic platform for students and young researchers worldwide to present their ongoing research results and practices in physics and natural sciences. The 67th International Scientific Conference for Students of Physics and Natural Sciences brings together participants to discuss, learn, exchange, and share their scientific experiences, meet key experts, and enjoy an exciting program. The conference features lectures by well-known, leading, and accomplished scientists, as well as presentations of students’ research. “Open Readings 2024” offers BSc, MSc, and PhD students an opportunity to present their scientific research to a larger audience and receive constructive criticism and helpful advice. This book provides an overview of all the presentations at the Open Readings 2024 conference.
POEM BY M. YU. LERMONTOV “TO THE PORTRAIT” (1840): POETIC OF THE TEXT AND IMAGE
Authors: Kiseleva Irina А. , Potashova Ksenia А.
Published: June 2024

The article examines the history and poetics of Mikhail Lermontov’s poem “To the Portrait” (1840). The research material comprised three manu- scripts of the poem: a draft manuscript from the collection of S. A. Rachinsky containing numerous edits, a finalized manuscript with notes by V. F. Odoevsky and P. A. Vyazemsky, as well as another final draft of the poem, which was added to the collection of Karl August Farnhagen von Enze in 1844. The reconstruction of textual history allows to trace, the features of Lermontov’s poetics. While working on the poem, the author consistently rejected the ekphrastic nature of the image created by the reference to a specific artifact — an engraving by Pierre Louis Henri Grevedon “Full-Length Portrait of a Sitting Woman in an Open Dress” (1840). Using a series of associations, comparisons, and oppositions, the poet creates an image of a young woman. Attention to the dynamic poetics of the verbal portrait of Countess A. K. Vorontsova-Dashkova allowed us to show how Lermontov complicated her image. The analysis of the draft versions of numerous antinomies, name change in the final draft allowed to overcome the clichés of perception of the poem and interpret it in the context of the Russian cultural tradition.
Peculiarities of extended gynecological examination data in women with recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis
Authors:   Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ratushniak N.Ya.
Published: June 2024

The aim of the study - to determine the features of extended gynecological examination in patients with recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC): data from gynecological history, examination, colposcopy, cytological and histological examination to increase the effectiveness of prevention of recurrences in these patients. Materials and methods. A prospective study and clinical-statistical analysis of gynecological history, examination, colposcopy, cytological and histological examination in patients with RVVC was carried out. The main group (MG) consisted of 70 women of reproductive age with RVVC and 40 healthy women of reproductive age, who made up the control group (CG). Results. The most frequent complaint was itching in the vagina - in 32 (45.7%) and itching in the area of the external genitalia, which bothered 29 (41.4%) patients; complaints of dysuric disorders in 19 (27.1%) patients became the reason for an earlier visit, usually to a urologist; dyspareunia occurred in 24 (34.3%) patients. Cervical ectopy with signs of exocervicitis and endocervicitis was found in 20 (28.6%) patients with RVVC; an atypical transformation zone was noted in 15 (21.4%) and was represented by an acetowhite epithelium with clear contours in the transformation zone in 37 (52.8%) p<0.05. At the same time, acetobilious epithelium with punctation was found in 19 (27.1%) patients, acetobilious epithelium with mosaic in 12 (17.1%), simultaneously with punctuation and mosaic in 6 (8.6%) patients. In CG, ectopy without signs of exo- and endocervicitis was observed in 7 (17.5%) patients. A rather high percentage of CIN attracts attention - in 37 (52.8%) of 70 women of MG: of them, CIN I - in 26 (37.1%) women, CIN II - in 9 (12.8%) patients, CIN III - in 2 (2.9%) patients. Conclusions. Subjectively, RVVC was characterized by mild clinical symptoms, at the same time marked inflammatory changes in the lower parts of the genital tract with involvement in the pathological process of the cervix. Every third patient had dysuric disorders against the background of chronic inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs, which are present in the anamnesis. In most patients, the long recurrent course of the disease was accompanied by psychosomatic disorders, emotional lability. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the author.
Prospects for the use of telemedicine in dentistry
Authors:   Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ukraine, Lisetska I.S. , Bodnar R.V. ,   Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ukraine
Published: June 2024

Telemedicine is one of the innovative directions that has been actively developing for many years and is able, at least partially, to meet the needs of the medical and educational spheres. This is a relatively new direction in the health care system, based on the possibilities of rapid exchange of medical information between medical workers and patients, specialists of different medical institutions who may be at different distances to provide qualified medical care, as well as application in the field of medical education. The aim is to analyse the possible prospects for using telemedicine resources in various areas of dentistry. The introduction of telemedicine in the field of practical health care, including in such a specific field as dentistry, was facilitated by the lack of specialized medical care and specialists, the uneven geographical distribution of primary and specialized care, high national costs for health care, as well as the COVID-19 pandemic, emergencies and military operations. Telemedicine is designed to improve the quality of medical care by minimizing the time between the diagnosis of a disease, the selection of a personalized scheme and the start of its effective treatment, and also provides and expands access to specialized and high-quality medical services in regions where they are not available. Telemedicine is developing at the intersection of several fields - medicine, telecommunications, and information technologies. Today, telemedicine includes various forms, projects and procedures, among which the main ones are: telemedical consultation (remote discussion of a clinical case) - deferred and in-person remote consultation; biotelemetry (telemonitoring); home (individual) telemedicine; telescreening; telepresence; teleassistance; Distance Learning. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
Effect of time-dependent inter-particle interaction on the dynamics of a dissipative double-well Bose-Einstein condensate
Authors: Rajagopal Kalai Kumar , Zhang Ruqi
Published: June 2024

In this paper, we study the dynamics of a dissipative double-well BEC driven by sinusoidally oscillating time-dependent inter-particle interaction. The phase space of the system is illustrated physically by its population imbalance and phase difference. The macroscopic dynamics of the model are generated within the Mean-field limit neglecting a single moment for random noise but their two-point noise-noise correlation persists. Equilibrium stability fixed points are observed for systems subjected to constant inter-particle interaction. The time-dependent (sinusoidal) inter-particle interactions in contrast, however, drive the system into the complex dynamic. The system's phase-space dynamics is sensitive to small changes in the initial conditions. We found dissipation concurrent with large driving amplitude or frequency of inter-particle interaction enhances the route to chaos.
Cyber Bullying: Safeguarding Kids from Internet Harassment
Authors: Patial Rakshit , R Murugan
Published: June 2024

As parents, we all want to protect our children from the dangers of online pornography, cyberbullying, and predators. Various current methods focus on limited information gathered from the child's interactions online. Some use a blacklist of prohibited URLs to block access to certain websites, while others analyze the multimedia exchanged between the child and others. However, these approaches may not be foolproof as new URLs can evade the blacklist and individual images, videos, and text may appear harmless when considered on their own. Our proposal suggests a flexible framework that examines material at the Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) level, or user interface, in its completed state. Despite hardware restrictions, Children's Agents for Secure and Privacy Enhanced Reaction (CASPER) seeks to analyze audio signals and screen captures in real-time to make judgments based on all available information. Through the use of deep learning methods for text, audio, and picture processing, CASPER categorizes visual content as either pornographic or neutral. Text can be classified as cyberbullying, neutral, or objectionable. We have created a custom dataset with a variety of offensive material for training and assessment purposes. When it comes to text classification, CASPER has demonstrated an average accuracy of 88% and score of 0.85, while its accuracy for pornographic classification is 95%.
A Study on the Level of Customer Satisfaction Towards the Services of Maruti Suzuki
Authors: Jha Gaurabh , Pandey Nivedita
Published: June 2024

The study investigates customer satisfaction levels regarding Maruti Suzuki services. It employs a mixed-methods approach, combining surveys and interviews to gather comprehensive insights. The research sample includes Maruti Suzuki customers across diverse demographics, ensuring a representative perspective. The study aims to identify key factors influencing customer satisfaction, such as service quality, accessibility, and after-sales support. Statistical analysis and thematic coding of qualitative data enable a nuanced understanding of customer perceptions and preferences. The findings contribute to the existing body of knowledge on automotive service satisfaction and offer practical implications for Maruti Suzuki's service improvement strategies. Ultimately, the research aims to enhance customer experiences and foster long-term loyalty towards the brand. The study aims to explain key determinants of customer satisfaction within the context of Maruti Suzuki's services, including but not limited to service quality, accessibility, communication, and after-sales support. By identifying areas of strength and areas for improvement, the findings of this research will contribute to enhancing the overall customer experience and fostering long-term loyalty towards the Maruti Suzuki brand.
Regression of left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with resistant hypertension after renal denervation: the role of hemodynamic and antifibrotic effects
Authors: Solonskaya E. I. , Mochula O. V. , Mordovin V. F. , Zyubanova I. V. , Manukyan M. A. , Lichikaki V. A. , Vtorushina A. A. , Khunkhinova S. A. , Skomkina I. A. , Gusakova A. М. , Arsanova S. Kh. , Zavadovsky K. V. , Falkovskaya A. Yu.
Published: June 2024

Aim. To study the features of regression of left ventricular hypertrophy and magnetic resonance changes of cardiac fibrosis in patients with resistant hypertension (RH) 1 year after renal denervation (RDN) in relation to changes in blood pressure (BP), the level of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), matrix metalloproteinases 2, 9 (MMP-2, MMP-9), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase type 1 (TIMP-1).

Material and methods. The study included 42 patients with true RH. The mean age of the patients was 59 (51; 62) years, while half were men. All patients took 3 or more antihypertensive drugs. At baseline and after 12 months, creatinine, hsCRP, MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1 were determined, as well as 24-hour blood pressure monitoring, assessment of left ventricular mass (LVM) and contrast agent accumulation according to cardiac MRI. RDN was performed using Symplicity Fleх (n=18) and Symplicity Spyral (n=24) catheters in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.

Results. A year after RDN, a significant antihypertensive effect and a decrease in heart rate were noted. Sixteen patients (38,1%) reached the target office BP level. After 1 year, a significant decrease in the levels of hsCRP from 2,05 (1,04; 3,28) to 1,64 (0,96; 2,25) mg/l (p=0,045) and MMP-2 from 278,2 (240,9; 353,4) to 265,2 (221,2; 293,2) ng/ml (p=0,018) was detected. There was a trend towards an increase in TIMP-1 and a decrease in MMP-9. According to MRI 1 year after RDN, there was a tendency to increase the contrast agent volume, and there was a pronounced LVM decrease from 228 (180; 295,2) to 204 (169,8; 277) g (p=0,029). Correlation analysis revealed a direct connection between a decrease in LVM and a decrease in SBP and DBP levels, MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels. There was a relationship between a decrease in the contrast agent volume and an increase in TIMP-1 level (r=-0,64; p=0,04).

Conclusion. A year after RDN, patients with RH show regression of left ventricular hypertrophy with a pronounced antihypertensive effect and a decrease in collagen production, which could also be significant for suppressing the myocardial fibrosis.