bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Legal Regulation of Perishable Foodstuffs Transportation
Authors: YANOVYTSKA Anna , YANOVYTSKA Halyna
Published: June 2020

One of the important areas of development of the state and private economic situation is international trade. Such trade depends on international treaties, the functioning of transport. The article is devoted to the research of legal regulation of carriage of perishable foodstuffs by road. The problems of application of international conventions (CMR and ATP) and other regulatory acts to such transportation are identified. Possible ways of solving such problems concerning transportation within the country and abroad are suggested. To conduct this study, methods of logical analysis, dogmatic analysis, the historical and legal method, and the method of systematic structural analysis are used. As a result of the study, a system of international transportation of perishable food products was presented, prospects, trends and key areas for improving international trade agreements were identified.
Amicus Curiae Institute in the Constitutional Process
Authors: KRUSIAN Anzhelika , ZHYTOTOVSKA Iryna , MIKHALOV Volodymyr , IVANCHENKO Kseniia Kuli , AFANASIEVA Mariana
Published: June 2020

Given the specifics of constitutional proceedings, the question of the peculiarities of evidence in a constitutional trial is becoming increasingly important. With the adoption of the Law of Ukraine ‘On the Constitutional Court of Ukraine’, for the sake of completeness of the trial, amicus curiae play a significant role in proving – experts and specialists who, by giving opinions on written requests of the judge-rapporteur in the case, reveal the peculiarities of socio-political discussion on complex issues arising in the course of constitutional justice. The purpose of this work is to study the amicus curiae institute, the features of its legal regulation in Ukraine and abroad, as well as to investigate the role of the institute in the constitutional process of Ukraine. The object of the research is the amicus curiae institute in the constitutional process of Ukraine. By examining the amicus curiae institute in the constitutional process of Ukraine, we can conclude that it plays an important role in the completeness of the judicial review of the case. On the one hand, the ‘friend of the court’ is a lobbyist who, thanks to his conclusions, seeks the necessary judicial decision. On the other hand, thanks to the amicus curiae institute, when considering cases that may affect an indeterminate number of persons, civil society (such as NGOs, etc.) can help ensure that the judgment is given in the light of all the circumstances relevant to the cases. However, despite the legislative consolidation of the research institute in the constitutional process of Ukraine, some procedural provisions require further refinement with the use of international experience and advanced scientific works.
General Theoretical Aspects of Legal Development
Authors: KRYZHANOVSKYI Anatolii , MANKO Denys , SIERYKH Olena , ATAMANOVA Natalia , ZGHAMA Antonina
Published: June 2020

The processes of globalization (that have taken place over the last decades) have contributed too many transformations in legal processes. The same changes are being followed in legal development. Therefore, it is important to analyze the general theoretical aspects of legal development at the present stage. The purpose of this work is to study the general theoretical aspects of legal development. The object of the study is the general theoretical aspects of legal development. The subject of the study is the public relations that influence legal development, as well as the analysis of patterns and general theoretical aspects of such development. The research methodology consists of general theoretical and special scientific methods, namely: hermeneutic method, system-structural method, structural-functional method, historical-legal method, comparative - legal method, formal-logical methods (analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, proof and refutation, comparison, generalization). As a result of the research, the general theoretical aspects of legal development are analyzed, the peculiarities of formation and existence of qualitative and quantitative changes in the legal sphere of public life are revealed, reflecting the level of legal development of an individual and community of people, the degree of perfection of forms of their legal communication and interaction.
Comparative thermo-economic and advanced exergy performance assessment of wind energy for distributed generation in four sites in Nigeria
Authors: Diyoke Chidiebere
Published: June 2020

Electricity access and reliability in Nigeria is poor due to obsolete power distribution infrastructure. This could be improved by deploying wind energy resources. The present research assessed the thermo-economic, advanced and extended exergy analysis of deploying wind turbine for distributed generation in four Nigerian locations. The air temperature and wind speed of the sites was used together with Weibull statistical parameters to mathematically model the thermodynamic performance of selected wind turbine for the sites. The results show that the energy and standard exergy efficiency of the sites ranges from 0.16 – 0.44, 0.05 – 0.37, 0.23 –0.39, 0.26 – 0.37 and 0.12 –0.33, 0.04 – 0.25, 0.17 – 0.28, 0.18 – 0.28 respectively for Enugu, Kaduna, Katsina and Jos. The exergy efficiency based on the extended exergy analysis (EEA) approach was found to be much lower than the standard exergy efficiency for all the sites. Based on EEA, Enugu, Kaduna, Katsina and Jos has exergy efficiency of 1.05, 0.73, 2.52 and 3.22 % respectively. Economic performance results showed that Jos is the best site with least monthly average COE value of 0.15 $/kWh which compares closely with global average COE value of 0.14 $/kWh for households. Katsina and Enugu have a COE value of 0.19 and 0.84 $/kWh respectively while Kaduna is the worst in performance with highest COE value of 1.13 $/kWh.
Analisis Kebutuhan Pendidikan Pencegahan Perilaku Berisiko pada Remaja di Kabupaten Magelang
Authors: Silmi Fina Idamatus
Published: June 2020

Background: Adolescents are vulnerable to risky behaviors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, and risky sexual behavior. The involvement of one risky behavior can lead to other risky behaviors. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent risky behavior to ensure adolescents' health. This study aimed to prevent risky behaviors according to adolescents' needs.Method: This was an observational research with the cross-sectional method. Data were obtained using a questionnaire through interviews with respondents. The research subjects were adolescents aged 15-24 years. Samples were randomly selected, as much as 100 adolescents. Results: There were 2 categories of adolescents, they were "delinquent adolescents" and "ordinary adolescents". The needs of SRH education of two groups were more in contents of  SRH,  methods, media, time, providers, and venue of SRH information delivery. The majority of respondents mostly preferred to select the subject related to he impact of risky behaviour.  Discussion method and mixed media, they like to choose for delivering information at night time. Most of them prefer health workers to be as health educator beside their peers. There was no significant difference in the SRH need between two groups. However, the implementation of risky behavior prevention should be differentiated.
PENGELOLAAN BADAN USAHA MILIK DESA DALAM MENINGKATKAN KESEJAHTERAAN MASYARAKAT PERDESAAN KAWASAN PERTAMBANGAN EMAS DI KABUPATEN SUMBAWA BARAT
Authors: Ibrahim Ibrahim , Sutarna Iwan Tanjung
Published: June 2020

The potential of West Sumbawa Regency in rural gold mining area is very abundant, but has a high level of poverty. The existence of BUMDes as an alternative in developing the potential that has in increasing the income of village and society. This study aims to examine the advantages and disadvantages of the management of BUMDes in improving the welfare of society in rural gold mining area in West Sumbawa regency. This research uses descriptive qualitative approach. Data collection is done in rural gold mining area of West Sumbawa Regency. The location of this research represent 3 (three) sub districts included in gold mining area consist of: District of Jereweh, Maluk and Sekongkang. Data collection techniques used interviews, documentation, and observation with research subjects ie Village Party, BUMDES Management, beneficiary community and related institutions. Data validity using source triangulation techniques.Data analysis using interactive analysis model that is analysis by using data reduction, data display, and verification and conclusion. The results of this study indicate that BUMDES in rural gold mining areas has not been successful in total in improving the village economy and public welfare of the existing units of BUMDES. BUMDES Gold mining areas still have advantages that are: a) easy access to finance and b) improvement of household economy. Weaknesses: a) Human resources managers and b) business plans are low. There needs to be active participation from the community in running the BUMDes program to the economic progress.
Warfarin induced Ovarian Haematoma Mimicking Torsion Ovarian Tumour
Authors: Dasari Paapa
Published: June 2020

Warfarin toxicity presenting as acute abdomen in a woman with chronic anticoagulation is rare. A 29 year old woman with Rheumatic heart disease with history of  mitral Valve replacement who was on anticoagulation with warfarin presented with pain abdomen  of 2 weeks duration and she was  clinically diagnosed as torsion ovarian cyst. On USG abdomen there was a complex adnexal mass of 6x8 cms with Doppler flow. Her International Normalised Ratio was more than 10 and hence a diagnosis of Ovarian haematoma was entertained and she was managed medically with dose titration of anticoagulants and her pain abdomen subsided and she was discharged home after normalising her International normalised ratio and laparotomy was thus avoided.
«Digo carne»: La repolitización del cuerpo femenino en la narrativa de Marta Sanz
Authors: Martín Huertas Concepción
Published: June 2020

With the start of the new century, and especially during the last decade, many writers are starting to putt he focus on the body and its various problems derived from the current socioeconomic system. One of them is Marta Sanz, for whom, in her own words, writing consists of “naming the body” and, thanks to that, “conquering the territory”. His discourse is frontally opposed to the discourse of postmodernity and to the models of advanced capitalism, above all and more consciously in his latest novels. What this article aims to show is how and in what way the body and its repolitization constitute one of the central axes of this author’s writing.
Mujer y economía. La “narrativa de la crisis” desde la perspectiva de género
Authors: Potok Magda
Published: June 2020

For the last two decades, especially since the 2008 economic crisis, there has been a notable increase in literary works exploring social, political and economic themes in Spain. The growing number of “crisis novels” has reignited the debate about the political role of literature and its ability to challenge and modify existing social models. This article seeks to highlight the female perspective within this discussion.The aim of my analysis of the five novels written by contemporary Spanish female authors (Belén Gopegui, Cristina Fallarás, Cristina Morales, Elvira Navarro and Marta Sanz) and published between 2007 and 2018 is to expose the distinctive female experience as represented in the literature, where it often turns into undermining the system. If women’s literary practice takes the form of political intervention, it is not just because of the collapse of the fundamental trust in the state and its institutions, but mainly due to the shifts in the distribution of the sensible, as we tend to understand the politics of literature after Jacques Rancière.
Narrative Form and Literary Adaptation in the Medieval North
Authors: Matthews Alastair
Published: June 2020

Around 1300, ›Hertig Fredrik av Normandie‹, one of the foundational works of medieval Swedish literature, was translated from a German source of which no trace has survived. This article exposes the anachronistic expectations about narrative coherence that underpin existing attempts to reconstruct that source and how it was adapted. By focusing on the end of the bridal-quest action, the article advocates a revision of value judgements about the (in)competence of the Swedish translator. In doing so, it shows how narrative poetics can open up new approaches to medieval literary relations between Germany and Scandinavia, as well as to the literary historiography of lost texts more generally.
Zinc-dependent changes in oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress during cardiomyocyte hypoxia/reoxygenation
Authors: Bodiga Vijaya Lakshmi , Vemuri Praveen Kumar , Nimmagadda Greeshma , Bodiga Sreedhar
Published: June 2020

Myocardial zinc dyshomeostasis is associated with caspase-3 activation, ErbB2 degradation and apoptosis during hypoxia/reoxygenation. Zinc pyrithione replenishes intracellular zinc, suppresses caspase-3, augments ErbB2 levels and improves cell survival. We hypothesize that zinc is capable of modulating redox and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the setting of cardiomyocyte hypoxia-reoxygenation. Hypoxia/reoxygenation lowered intracellular zinc, increased ER as well as oxidative stress in H9c2 cells, both of which were effectively attenuated by zinc supplementation. Silencing of gp91phox attenuated oxidative and ER stress, decreased caspase-3 activation and improved cell survival. Mimicking the oxidative insult using 50 μM H2O2 increased the caspase-3 activity that correlated with decreased ErbB2 levels, concomitant with augmented ER stress. N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) administration completely suppressed ER stress as well as caspase-3 activity. Zinc depletion using TPEN also resulted in lowered ErbB2 and increased apoptosis, along with NOX2 mRNA upregulation, increased oxidative and ER stress. Repletion with zinc suppressed NOX2 mRNA, lowered oxidative as well as ER stress and decreased cell death. These results suggest that zinc dyshomeostasis, along with oxidative stress contribute to the unfolded protein response during myocardial H/R and that zinc replenishment corrects zinc homeostasis, alleviates associated stress and improves cardiomyocyte survival.
Precision point positioning with additional baseline vector constraint
Authors: Chen Wantong , Shang Zhenghui
Published: June 2020

Traditional precise point positioning (PPP) based on undifferenced ionosphere-free linear combination of observations has many advantages such as high accuracy and easy operation. PPP usually uses the Kalman Filter (KF) to estimate state vector. However, the positioning performance depends on the accuracy of the kinematic model and initial value. The inaccurate kinematic model or initial value will lead to filter performance degradation or even divergence. To overcome this problem, this paper proposes a PPP method with an additional baseline vector constraint, which uses the direction information and length information of the baseline to correct the estimated position of the receiver. By reducing the error covariance matrix of the float solution, the algorithm improves the accuracy of the float solution. By using the collected real GPS static and kinematic data, the performance of the traditional model and the proposed model in this paper are compared. It is shown that the additional baseline vector constraint improves the PPP solution effectively in comparison with that of traditional PPP model. Additionally, the contribution of the additional constraint is up to the accuracy of the prior information.
What do we Know About Lobbying in Germany?
Authors: Polk Andreas
Published: June 2020

Contribution payments and information are two important channels of lobbying influence. This survey analyzes what is known about these channels in Germany from a political economy perspective. Based on a discussion of the empirical literature and the available data, I argue that the state of empirical knowledge about lobbying in Germany is rather limited. To improve our understanding of the lobbying process, I identify research gaps and discuss potential methodological approaches which can be suitable to address these questions. Also, I discuss the role of party donations and temporary employment of bureaucratic staff, based on two novel data sets. The analysis indicates that party donations might play a role as a means to achieve access; in contrast, the temporary exchange of employees in the public administration seems to be of rather less importance in informational lobbying.
Coupled Effect of Soil’s Acidity and Saturation on Pitting Corrosion of Buried Cast Iron
Authors: Wasim Muhammad , Robert Dilan , Li Chun-Qing , Mahmoodian Mojtaba
Published: June 2020

This paper presents the results produced from long-term tests designed to investigate the key factors affecting the external corrosion of cast iron pipes buried in clayey soil. The coupled effect of varying acidity (pH) and saturation (moisture content) of soil on the corrosion of cast iron buried in soil, including pitting corrosion, is thoroughly examined. Based on the observations and analysis of the test results, it is found that the coupled effect of high acidity (2.5 pH) and high saturation (80 %) of soil could create an accelerating environment for corrosion in the short term. In addition, the coupled effect of low acidity (5 pH) and high saturation (80 %) of soil could lead to a high corrosion rate for cast iron buried in the soil in the longer term. An empirical model for predicting pitting corrosion was also developed. The findings of this paper can have widespread applications, including corrosion protection and the development of models for the prediction of the remaining safe life of pipelines buried in corrosive soils.
Hacia el horizonte comprensivo de la corporeidad: Una transición entre los enfoques de Husserl y Heidegger.
Authors: Butierrez Luis Fernando
Published: June 2020

En el presente artículo proponemos un abordaje de los análisis en torno al cuerpo en trabajos fundamentales de Husserl y Heidegger, a partir de una distinción de diferencias y continuidades. Buscaremos demostrar que las especificaciones de la corporeidad de Heidegger remiten a una aclaración del entramado comprensivo y de significación en el que también se hallan articulados los análisis fenomenológicos de su maestro. Para ello, en primer lugar, especificaremos las consideraciones de Husserl sobre la corporalidad y la inter-corporalidad, distinguiendo su perspectiva gnoseológica y ética. Luego, dedicaremos un apartado a las aclaraciones de Heidegger en la década de 1920 y otro, a sus descripciones específicas en sus seminarios de la década de 1960, donde desarrolla el carácter ontológico de la corporeidad. Finalmente, analizaremos algunas implicancias relativas a estas tematizaciones, distinguiendo sus enfoques y orientaciones comprensivas sobre el cuerpo.
Isócrates y el crítico anónimo del Eutidemo de Platón
Authors: Villar Francisco
Published: June 2020

El presente artículo propone una lectura del Eutidemo de Platón a partir de la escena que tiene lugar en el prólogo del diálogo, en el cual un personaje misterioso critica a Sócrates y a los hermanos erísticos por la conversación que acaba de tener lugar. Defenderé que esta figura anónima esconde a Isócrates, quien en Contra los sofistas y Encomio de Helena había atacado a todos los discípulos de Sócrates por dedicarse a un tipo de actividad intelectual a su juicio volcada a la pura disputa y sin utilidad para la vida cívica. Propondré que el Eutidemo constituye una respuesta a dicha crítica, en tanto que los dos modelos protrépticos de la obra le permiten a Platón distinguir su forma de emplear la dialéctica de la de otros de sus condiscípulos, principalmente los megáricos, así como sentar las bases de su proyecto filosófico-político fundado en el concepto de conocimiento.
Quantifying Influences on Intragenomic Mutation Rate
Authors: Simon Helmut , Huttley Gavin
Published: June 2020

We report work to quantify the impact on the probability of human genome polymorphism both of recombination and of sequence context at different scales. We use population-based analyses of data on human genetic variants obtained from the public Ensembl database. For recombination, we calculate the variance due to recombination and the probability that a recombination event causes a mutation. We employ novel statistical procedures to take account of the spatial auto-correlation of recombination and mutation rates along the genome. Our results support the view that genomic diversity in recombination hotspots arises largely from a direct effect of recombination on mutation rather than predominantly from the effect of selective sweeps. We also use the statistic of variance due to context to compare the effect on the probability of polymorphism of contexts of various sizes. We find that when the 12 point mutations are considered separately, variance due to context increases significantly as we move from 3-mer to 5-mer and from 5-mer to 7-mer contexts. However, when all mutations are considered in aggregate, these differences are outweighed by the effect of interaction between the central base and its immediate neighbors. This interaction is itself dominated by the transition mutations, including, but not limited to, the CpG effect. We also demonstrate strand-asymmetry of contextual influence in intronic regions, which is hypothesized to be a result of transcription coupled DNA repair. We consider the extent to which the measures we have used can be used to meaningfully compare the relative magnitudes of the impact of recombination and context on mutation.
Genomic Prediction Enhanced Sparse Testing for Multi-environment Trials
Authors: Jarquin Diego , Howard Reka , Crossa Jose , Beyene Yoseph , Gowda Manje , Martini Johannes W R , Covarrubias Pazaran Giovanny , Burgueño Juan , Pacheco Angela , Grondona Martin , Wimmer Valentin , Prasanna Boddupalli M
Published: June 2020

“Sparse testing” refers to reduced multi-environment breeding trials in which not all genotypes of interest are grown in each environment. Using genomic-enabled prediction and a model embracing genotype × environment interaction (GE), the non-observed genotype-in-environment combinations can be predicted. Consequently, the overall costs can be reduced and the testing capacities can be increased. The accuracy of predicting the unobserved data depends on different factors including (1) how many genotypes overlap between environments, (2) in how many environments each genotype is grown, and (3) which prediction method is used. In this research, we studied the predictive ability obtained when using a fixed number of plots and different sparse testing designs. The considered designs included the extreme cases of (1) no overlap of genotypes between environments, and (2) complete overlap of the genotypes between environments. In the latter case, the prediction set fully consists of genotypes that have not been tested at all. Moreover, we gradually go from one extreme to the other considering (3) intermediates between the two previous cases with varying numbers of different or non-overlapping (NO)/overlapping (O) genotypes. The empirical study is built upon two different maize hybrid data sets consisting of different genotypes crossed to two different testers (T1 and T2) and each data set was analyzed separately. For each set, phenotypic records on yield from three different environments are available. Three different prediction models were implemented, two main effects models (M1 and M2), and a model (M3) including GE. The results showed that the genome-based model including GE (M3) captured more phenotypic variation than the models that did not include this component. Also, M3 provided higher prediction accuracy than models M1 and M2 for the different allocation scenarios. Reducing the size of the calibration sets decreased the prediction accuracy under all allocation designs with M3 being the less affected model; however, using the genome-enabled models (i.e., M2 and M3) the predictive ability is recovered when more genotypes are tested across environments. Our results indicate that a substantial part of the testing resources can be saved when using genome-based models including GE for optimizing sparse testing designs.
Treatment Evaluation in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: a Move towards Validated Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROM)
Authors: Hammer Heinz Florian
Published: June 2020

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COVID-19 in a Patient with Liver Cirrhosis
Authors: Kreivenaite Edita , Gedgaudas Rolandas , Valantiene Irena , Mickiene Aukse , Kupcinskas Juozas
Published: June 2020

The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has recently become a serious issue affecting thousands of people worldwide. It is known that a substantial proportion of patients infected with COVID-19 have abnormal liver function tests; however, the consequences of this information is still not clear. Here we present the first case report of a patient with liver cirrhosis and COVID-19 in our centre. Resolution of COVID-19 symptoms was observed after six days of fever onset. We observed only slight fluctuations of liver enzymes, bilirubin levels and INR without clinical consequences in our case. We suggest testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus on any cirrhotic patient on initial presentation, even without symptoms of COVID-19 in areas where the epidemic was prevalent.
Portal Hypertension and Chronic Kidney Disease Significantly Increase the Risk of Early Unplanned Readmissions in GAVE- Related Admissions
Authors: Pioppo Lauren , Bhurwal Abhishek , Raj Mutneja Hemant , Rattan Puru , Reja Debashis , Tawadros Augustine , Patel Anish , Rustgi Vinod
Published: June 2020

Background & Aims: Gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE) is an uncommon cause of non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding that is characterized by dilation of blood vessels in the antrum of the stomach. Various co-morbidities are associated with the development of GAVE, but the impact of co-morbidities on unplanned GAVE readmissions is unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the national incidence, 30-day mortality rate, and 30-day readmissions related to GAVE. Secondary outcomes were evaluation of predictors of early readmission, hospital length of stay (LOS) and total hospitalization charges.

Methods: Using the 2016 National Readmission Database, we analyzed discharges for GAVE. ICD-10 CM codes were utilized to identify associated comorbidities and inpatient procedures during the index admission. 30-day readmissions were identified for GAVE. Secondary measures of outcomes including LOS and hospitalization charges were also calculated. Risk factors for early readmission were also evaluated using multivariate analysis to adjust for confounders.

Results: A total of 18,375 index admissions for GAVE were identified. 20.49% (n=3,720) of the discharged patients were readmitted within 30 days. 30-day mortality of GAVE-related admissions was 1.82% (n=335). Early readmissions accounted for 20,157 hospital days along with $189 million in hospitalization costs. Multivariate analysis revealed that the presence of portal hypertension (OR 1.63; 95% CI 1.37-1.93; p=0.0001) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.44-1.82; p<0.0001) significantly increased the odds of early readmission.

Conclusions: Our analysis demonstrates that the overall 30-day mortality rate of GAVE-related admissions is relatively low, but the 30-day readmission rate is significantly high. Patients with comorbid CKD and portal hypertension have a significantly higher risk of readmission. Further studies are required to determine if therapeutic interventions such as argon plasma coagulation or radiofrequency ablation during the index admission may prevent readmissions in these specific subgroups.
Pharmacologic Treatments for Irritable Bowel Syndrome: an Umbrella Systematic Review
Authors: Chen Min , Tang Tai-Chun , Qin Di , Yue Ling , Zheng Hui
Published: June 2020

Background and Aims: Multiple pharmacologic treatments are available for the management of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and a large body of evidence has been presented. However, the strength and credibility of the evidence have not been comprehensively evaluated. We aimed to review the systematic reviews and meta- analyses of pharmacologic treatments for IBS and evaluate the credibility of the findings.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane library from inception to September 2019 for systematic reviews evaluating the effectiveness of pharmacologic treatments for IBS. We summarized relative ratios (RR), evaluated the credibility of the evidence and classified the evidence into convincing, highly suggestive, suggestive, and weak.

Results: We included 11 systematic reviews with 40 meta-analyses (330 randomized controlled trials and 86,459 participants) assessing 10 treatment categories and 2 drugs. Most of the pharmacologic treatments were significantly superior over placebo as reported by the included meta-analyses. The evidence for 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)3 antagonists (RR=1.56, 95%CI: 1.43-1.71), antispasmodics (RR=1.19, 95%CI: 1.02-1.39), and alosetron (RR=1.46, 95%CI: 1.26-1.71) were highly suggestive for relieving global IBS symptoms. 5-HT4 agonists (RR= 1.26, 95%CI: 1.19-1.34) and guanylate cyclase-C (GCC) agonists (RR=1.73, 95%CI: 1.54-1.95) were found to give convincing evidence for the improvement of the responder rate. 5-HT3 antagonists (RR=1.32, 95%CI: 1.26-1.38) offered convincing evidence for relieving abdominal pain.

Conclusions: Evidence for 5-HT3 antagonists, 5-HT4 agonists and GCC agonists, antispasmodics, and alosetron were suggestive for the treatment of IBS. However, owing to the risk of bias in randomization methods, the results for GCC should be interpreted with caution.
Elaboration and validation of a booklet on diabetes for Community Health Workers
Authors: Ribeiro Stefãne Amorim , Moreira Alexandra Dias , Reis Janice Sepúlveda , Soares Aleida Nazareth , Géa-Horta Tatiane
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT Objectives: to develop and validate a diabetes booklet for Community Health Workers. Methods: methodological study developed in seven steps: Bibliographic review; Development of the booklet; Calculation of readability and comprehensibility scores; Validation of the booklet by the committee of judges; Discussion between experts; Validation of the booklet by the target audience; and Final discussion between experts. Validation was performed by 10 judges via e-Surv and on a face-to-face test with 5 Community Health Workers, considering the minimum Content Validity Coefficient of 0.80. Results: the booklet had a mean Content Validity Coefficient of 0.97 in the validation by the committee of judges, and the images had 96.67% approval. In the face-to-face test, the Community Health Workers considered the material clear and appropriate to the function. Conclusions: the booklet was developed and validated on its content and relevance, and it can be used by Community Health Workers for diabetes education.
Prevention and conduct against the Extravasation of antineoplastic chemotherapy: a scoping review
Authors: Melo João Marcos Alves , Oliveira Patrícia Peres de , Souza Raíssa Silva , Fonseca Deborah Franscielle da , Gontijo Thaís Fonseca , Rodrigues Andrea Bezerra
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT Objectives: to identify and synthesize scientific evidence on prevention and management of extravasation of antineoplastic agents in adult patients by nurses. Methods: scoping review, according to Joanna Briggs Institute and PRISMA-ScR. Research was conducted in five electronic databases, Cochrane Library and eight catalogs of theses and dissertations. Data collection occurred from April to July 2018, with no time limit. The extracted data were analyzed and synthesized in a narrative way. Results: a total of 3,110 records were retrieved and 18 studies were kept for review. Most publications (66.6%) had a qualitative approach and addressed both aspects, i.e., prevention and management of extravasation of chemotherapy in adult patients. Conclusions: the implementation of protocols based on scientific evidence on prevention and management of extravasation of antineoplastic agents is paramount in order to provide patient safety and support to the nursing staff.
Family Management and socioeconomic situation of children and adolescents with neurological disorders
Authors: Weissheimer Gisele , Mazza Verônica de Azevedo , Teodoro Fernanda Cassanho , Szylit Regina , Ichikawa Carolliny Rossi de Faria , Schepelski Umbelina Guedes de Figueiredo Alcoforado
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT Objectives: to identify the relation between family management and socioeconomic situation of children and adolescents with neurological disorders. Methods: a descriptive and correlational study with 141 family members who answered a questionnaire on socioeconomic and family management information. Data collection took place between May and September 2016 in a pediatric neurology center. A descriptive and analytical analysis was carried out with the use of statistical tests in order to assess the relation of the variables researched. Results: a higher early childhood disease time was related with higher scores of management difficulty. There was relation between the highest family income and management skills and the lowest scores of family difficulty. The highest schooling level of mothers was associated with the lowest scores of disease impact view and family difficulty. Conclusions: family members with unfavorable socioeconomic situation had more difficulty with family management.
Doenças fúngicas em videiras cultivadas a céu aberto e sob cobertura impermeável
Authors: Pedro Júnior Mário José , Hernandes José Luiz
Published: June 2020

RESUMO A utilização de cultivo protegido em videiras tem aumentado visando diminuir a ocorrência de doenças fúngicas. Assim, realizou-se um experimento com as cultivares Isabel, Isabel Precoce, Bordô e Concord produzidas em safra sequenciais de verão e de inverno, manejadas a céu aberto e sob cobertura de plástico impermeável sem aplicação de fungicidas. Objetivou-se avaliar a severidade das principais doenças fúngicas (míldio, antracnose, mancha-das-folhas e ferrugem) e na desfolha nestas condições. O uso de cobertura plástica, tanto na safra de verão quanto na de inverno, diminui a severidade das principais doenças fúngicas nas cultivares avaliadas e desfolha das videiras. A cultivar Bordô mostrou maior tolerância às doenças fúngicas em relação às outras cultivares. Valores obtidos de produtividade das videiras manejadas sob cultivo protegido foram mais elevados quando comparados ao céu aberto.
Elaboração e validação de escala diagramática para avaliação da pústula bacteriana em soja
Authors: Acco Laura Feuser , Gomes Diego Genuário , Matos Janaina Netzel , Ribeiro Neucimara Rodrigues , Balbi-Peña Maria Isabel
Published: June 2020

RESUMO A pústula bacteriana, causada pela bactéria Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines, é considerada uma das mais sérias doenças bacterianas na cultura da soja. O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver e validar uma escala diagramática para a avaliação da severidade da pústula bacteriana em soja. Para a elaboração da escala, foram coletados folíolos de soja com diferentes níveis de severidade, determinando assim os valores máximos e mínimos de quantidade de doença, e os níveis intermediários de severidade da escala foram estabelecidos de acordo com a lei do estímulo visual de Weber-Fechner. Os valores propostos para a escala foram: 1,4%; 3%; 6%; 9%; 20% e 29,5%. Para validação da escala, oito avaliadores, sem experiência na avaliação da doença, avaliaram 39 fotos com diferentes níveis de severidade, sem e com o auxílio da escala. Os resultados das severidades estimadas pelos avaliadores foram relacionados com os valores das severidades reais (determinadas com o software Assess 2.0 a partir de imagens digitais das folhas com sintomas) e submetidos a regressões lineares simples para avaliar a acurácia dos avaliadores. A precisão dos avaliadores foi determinada através dos coeficientes de determinação e da variância dos erros absolutos. As estimativas com o uso da escala diagramática proposta determinaram um aumento significativo do coeficiente de determinação e uma menor variância dos erros absolutos, proporcionando maior precisão e acurácia das avaliações, podendo ser adotada para a avaliação da severidade da pústula bacteriana em soja.
Viabilidade técnica e econômica de um sistema de previsão para manejo do míldio da cebola
Authors: Marcuzzo Leandro Luiz , Harbs Sheila Chaiana , Rampelotti Marcio
Published: June 2020

RESUMO O míldio da cebola causado por Peronospora destructor exige pulverização semanal de fungicidas para seu controle e com intuito de reduzir esse número, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar tecnicamente e economicamente um sistema de previsão da doença e comparar com o sistema convencional de controle. Um experimento em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições e quatro tratamentos foi instalado em 2018 e 2019 em Rio do Sul (SC) com o cultivar de cebola Empasc 352 – Bola Precoce. No sistema convencional, as pulverizações iniciaram uma semana após o transplantio e semanalmente durante o ciclo da cultura com um tratamento utilizando fungicida protetor e outro com sistêmico e no sistema de previsão foi realizado após 30 dias utilizando o sistema validado por Marcuzzo quando o valor de severidade da doença (VDS) atingisse doze pontos utilizando os mesmos tipos de fungicidas do convencional em cada tratamento. No sistema de previsão com protetor se ocorresse um acúmulo de chuva de 25mm de chuva era feito a reaplicação do fungicida. A área abaixo da curva de progresso da doença, severidade final e a taxa de progresso da doença e a produtividade não diferiram entre os tratamentos, mas no sistema de previsão com fungicida protetor a redução do número de pulverizações foi de 31 e 43% menor em relação ao sistema de aplicação semanal respectivamente em 2018 e 2019, enquanto que o sistêmico foi de 62% para ambos as safras. O sistema de previsão possibilitou uma redução de custo com fungicida sistêmico de R$ 3.000,00 e 3.500,00/ha para os respectivos anos em comparação ao convencional, enquanto que o protetor foi de R$ 210,00 e 480,00/ha para 2018 e 2019 respectivamente. O uso do sistema de previsão mostrou ser uma ferramenta viável no manejo do míldio da cebola no estado de Santa Catarina e encontra-se disponível para a cadeia produtiva em http://www.ciram.sc.gov.br/agroconnect/.
CÓDIGO DE ÉTICA DOCENTE: UM DILEMA
Authors: SILVA PAULO FRAGA DA , ISHII IONE , KRASILCHIK MYRIAM
Published: June 2020

RESUMO: Os cursos de formação docente têm priorizado o domínio cognitivo em detrimento do afetivo, com forte componente ético próprio do cotidiano acadêmico. A partir de dilemas éticos constatados no exercício docente, sentimos a necessidade de trazer um panorama dos aspectos abordados pela literatura pertinente ao tema e de alguns códigos de ética docente. A adoção ou não desses códigos é um tema polêmico. Este texto tem o objetivo de trazer à tona essa polêmica como contribuição para a profissionalização dos professores, para que eles sejam capazes de antecipar as situações de dilemas éticos que acontecem na escola, em sua complexidade e contradição, dando a estas um melhor encaminhamento. Com isso, espera-se que o futuro professor esteja mais preparado para o enfrentamento dessas situações no relacionamento com os alunos, os colegas e as instituições. A análise dos dilemas existentes na escola pode resultar em decisões mais justas que considerem, além das perspectivas acadêmicas e institucionais, também os aspectos humanos. Nossa proposta é a de que essa discussão seja amplamente abordada nos cursos de formação docente.
In Vitro Antimicrobial Effect of Cetylpyridinium Chloride on Complex Multispecies Subgingival Biofilm
Authors: Miranda Stela Lima Farias de , Damaceno Jennifer Toledo , Faveri Marcelo , Figueiredo Luciene Cristina , Soares Geisla Mary Silva , Feres Magda , Bueno-Silva Bruno
Published: June 2020

Abstract Periodontopathogenic subgingival biofilm is the main etiological agent of periodontitis. Thus, a search for antimicrobials as adjuvant for periodontal treatment in the literature is intense. Cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) is a well-known antimicrobial agent commonly used in mouthrinses. However, CPC effects on a complex biofilm model were not found over the literature. Therefore, the aim of this manuscript is to evaluate 0.075% CPC antimicrobial properties in a multispecies subgingival biofilm model in vitro. The subgingival biofilm composed by 31 species related to periodontitis was formed for 7 days, using the calgary device. The treatments with CPC and chlorhexidine (CHX) 0.12% (as positive control) were performed 2x/day, for 1 min, from day 3 until the end of experimental period, totaling 8 treatments. After 7 days of biofilm formation, biofilm metabolic activity was evaluated by a colorimetric reaction and biofilms microbial composition by DNA-DNA hybridization. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA with data transformed via BOX-COX followed by Dunnett post-hoc. Both CPC and CHX reduced biofilm metabolic activity in 60% and presented antimicrobial activity against 13 different species. Specifically, only CHX reduced levels of F.n. vicentii and P. gingivalis while only CPC reduced A. odontolyticus and A. israelli. CPC was as effective as CHX as antimicrobial through in vitro complex multispecies subgingival biofilm. However, future studies using in vivo models of experimental periodontal disease should be performed to prove such effect.
MORPHOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN YOUNG PLANTS OF Cordia trichotoma SUBMITTED TO THE APPLICATION OF PHOSPHORUS IN THE SOIL
Authors: Berghetti Álvaro Luís Pasquetti , Araujo Maristela Machado , Tabaldi Luciane Almeri , Aimi Suelen Carpenedo , Tonetto Thaise da Silva , Turchetto Felipe , Brunetto Gustavo
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT The application of phosphorus (P) doses in the soil can increase the growth of native tree species of economic and environmental interest, such as Cordia trichotoma. Thus, this research aims to evaluate the morphological and the physiological parameters in C. trichotoma seedlings, cultivated in soil with increased P content. The experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions in pots with 2.5 dm-3 of soil, four doses of P (0, 150, 300 and 450 mg dm-3), and six replicates. P content in the soil, P concentrations in the leaves, morphological attributes (height, stem diameter, aerial dry matter, root dry matter, and leaf area) and physiological attributes (photosynthetic pigment content and chlorophyll α fluorescence) were determined 180 days after transplantation. The increase in the available P content in the soil allowed greater absorption of this element by the plant’s roots, increasing the concentration in the leaves, and therefore favoring the energetic metabolism of the plants. In addition, the higher influx and accumulation of P in the plant when 450 mg dm-3 was used, increased the concentration of the photosynthetic pigments and increased the photosynthetic capacity of the C. trichotoma seedlings. The highest use of the light energy by photosystem II (Fv/Fm = 0.76) was observed in the seedlings cultivated with 450 mg dm-3 of P, with a 95% increase when compared to seedlings without P. Thus, we observed that this tree species is demanding and responsive to the higher P content available in the soil.
High levels of docosahexaenoic acid are present in eight New World silversides (Pisces: Atherinopsidae)
Authors: Martínez-Palacios Carlos A. , Concha-Santos Sibila , Toledo-Cuevas Elva M. , Ríos-Durán María G. , Martínez-Chávez Carlos C. , Navarrete-Ramírez Pamela , Raggi Luciana , Strussmann Carlos , Hualde Juan P. , Demicheli Mariela A. , Fonseca-Madrigal Jorge
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is the most critical and least available omega-3 fatty acid in the Western human diet. Currently, the source of omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) is mainly dependent on wild fisheries, making this resource unsustainable in the foreseeable future. In recent years, a high rate of biosynthesis and accumulation of DHA has been discovered in a freshwater species (Chirostoma estor) belonging to the Atherinopsidae family. Interest in evaluating fatty acid composition in other members of the family has emerged, so this study compiles original data of flesh composition of eight atherinopsid species from freshwater and brackish environments, either wild or cultured. High levels of DHA (16 to 31%) were found in all analyzed members of the family, except in C. grandocule, independently of their habitat or origin. The analyzed species of the Jordani group (C. estor, C. promelas and C. humboldtianum) showed high DHA and low EPA levels (<0.5%) as previously reported for cultured C. estor. The low trophic niche of these atherinopsids and their fatty acid accumulation capabilities are factors that make these species noteworthy candidates for sustainable aquaculture.
Does soil color affect fish evolution? Differences in color change rate between lineages of the sailfin tetra
Authors: Pinto Kalebe S. , Pires Tiago H. S. , Stefanelli-Silva Gabriel , Barros Bruno S. , Borghezan Elio A. , Zuanon Jansen
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT Several organisms match their skin color to the prevalent background color, granting crypsis against predators. The rate at which body color changes occur varies among organisms as a result of physiological constraints and adaptation to variation in contrasts between objects and the environmental background. Faster darkening of body color is favored in environments that show higher amounts of contrast between common objects and the prevailing background. Soil types in Amazon forest streams (igarapés) create distinct environments with respect to the amount of contrast, a result of the amount of sand and clay, which offers different contrasts against dead leaves. Here, we investigated differences in the rates of color change among populations of the sailfin tetra (Crenuchus spilurus) that represent lineages that live in regions of different soil types. Populations inserted into blackwaters (sandy soil) showed higher rates of color darkening in response to exposure to a dark environment composed by dead leaves. We propose that natural selection stemming from predation can favor faster color change rate in environments where there is higher variability of contrasts between leaf litter and soil, which is common in most blackwater streams.
Cardiovascular risk factors in people deprived of their liberty: an integrative review
Authors: Silva Gabrielle Pessôa da , Morais Sheila Coelho Ramalho Vasconcelos , Frazão Cecília Maria Farias de Queiroz , Lopes Camila Takáo , Mangueira Suzana de Oliveira , Linhares Francisca Márcia Pereira
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the scientific evidence on the most frequent risk factors for cardiovascular disease in persons deprived of their liberty. Methods: An integrative literature review carried out in the CINAHL, Medline/Pubmed, Scopus, LILACS, CUIDEN, Web of Science and Virtual Health Library portal databases using the following keywords: cardiovascular diseases, risk factors, prisons, prisoners. Results: The final sample consisted of 17 primary articles published in English and Spanish. Overweight and obesity were the most cited cardiovascular risk factors besides diabetes, hypertension, smoking, dyslipidemia, consumption of alcohol and other drugs, physical inactivity, metabolic syndrome, anxiety, depression and unhealthy heart diet. Conclusions: The most frequent risk factors for cardiovascular disease in persons deprived of their liberty were those classified as modifiable. In the prison setting, these factors are enhanced due to an environment with little modification of these opportunities.