bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modelo dinámico de la velocidad del viento en una zona boscosa tropical
Authors: Richmond-Navarro Gustavo , Murillo-Zumbado Gustavo , Marín-Guillén Frank , Casanova-Treto Pedro
Published: March 2022

Costa Rica establece en sus estrategias nacionales el desarrollo de energías renovables para disminuir la dependencia de los combustibles fósiles, la explotación del recurso eólico es una de las alternativas para este fin. Para maximizar este recurso es necesario entender la interacción del viento con el terreno, en especial en un país que el 52 % de cobertura corresponde a zona boscosa. Lograr encontrar un modelo dinámico que describa la conducta del viento y que considere la longitud de rugosidad como variable y no como una constante, como usualmente se utiliza en la literatura, es el objetivo de este trabajo. Para lograr esto se analizan series de tiempo de datos obtenidos de dos estaciones meteorológicas, administradas por el Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica (ITCR) y el Instituto Meteorológico Nacional (IMN), ambas estaciones ubicadas en el Campus de Cartago del ITCR, los datos corresponden a alturas sobre el suelo de 1.5 m y de 10 m. Se utiliza el software Eureqa para encontrar la relación de las distintas variables meteorológicas, tanto para la longitud de rugosidad como para la velocidad del viento. Se obtienen varias expresiones en distintos escenarios y se logra obtener un modelo para la velocidad del viento en el eje vertical, que sustituye el valor clásico de la longitud de rugosidad por una función, haciendo posible estimar el valor de la velocidad del viento en el eje vertical con mediciones en un punto cercano al suelo de modo que evita tener que instalar equipo costoso y grandes estructuras.
Aplicación de un índice de seguridad inherente para definir el nivel de riesgo químico: Caso de estudio en un laboratorio de investigación de un centro universitario
Authors: Barrantes-Guzmán Joel , Barrantes-Rojas Fernanda , Camacho-Rojas Fiorella , Obando-Santamaría Gloriana , Quesada-García Nidia , Mora-Barrantes José Carlos
Published: March 2022

La metodología de seguridad inherente (SI) permite evitar o eliminar los peligros tanto en industrias como en laboratorios experimentales mediante la evaluación del riesgo químico. Esta metodología contempla el adecuado funcionamiento tanto en condiciones óptimas de trabajo como extremas, incluyendo parámetros fisicoquímicos y toxicológicos para asegurar la fiabilidad del proceso químico y obtener como resultado un índice de seguridad inherente. En la presente investigación se evaluó un total de 22 prácticas de laboratorio con una cantidad de 76 reactivos químicos con el objetivo de definir el nivel de riesgo químico de un manual de laboratorio de investigación de un centro universitario, mediante la aplicación de un índice de riesgo de seguridad inherente, para la prevención de los riesgos hacia la salud de las personas y el medio ambiente. Se obtuvo como resultado un índice de seguridad inherente al producto químico experimental de 19 para la práctica “Determinación de oxígeno, nitrógeno, monóxido de carbono, dióxido de carbono y metano por cromatografía de gases”, siendo este el valor máximo de riego químico presente en el manual de laboratorio. El valor obtenido se encuentra muy cercano al valor de seguridad inherente teórico (24), por lo que se considera una práctica riesgosa.
Problemas estructurales de las ciudades latinoamericanas 450 años después de la fundación de Caracas
Authors: Capra-Ribeiro Fabio
Published: March 2022

Las ciudades de América Latina se enfrentan a muchos problemas que las comprometen desde diferentes ángulos como infraestructura, gobernabilidad y medio ambiente. Al mismo tiempo, estas ciudades parecen sufrir de una serie de ciertas condiciones que les dificultan enfrentar efectivamente esos problemas. Desde esta perspectiva, la investigación parte de la hipótesis de que las ciudades de América Latina comparten similitudes importantes para plantearse como objetivo identificar las condiciones transversales que les están dificultando enfrentar sus problemas. Comprender estas dificultades podría ayudar a planificadores y gobiernos a enfrentar la situación y cooperar en el desarrollo de estrategias efectivas. Para alcanzar estos objetivos, la investigación se desarrolló en dos etapas. Primero, se utilizó Caracas como caso de estudio en función de construir un proceso inductivo. Esta experimentación se desarrolló en el marco del “Concurso de Proyectos Participativos en el Espacio Público” organizado en conmemoración de los 450 años de la fundación de Caracas. Dicho espacio sirvió como plataforma de debate para recoger diferentes perspectivas sobre el tema. Segundo, la investigación revisó, analizó y categorizó los diagnósticos realizados por cientos de propuestas de Buenas Prácticas recogidas en las bibliotecas de ONU Habitat. Finalmente, la investigación definió las condiciones comunes que dificultan el desarrollo sostenible de las ciudades de América Latina como: magnitud, discontinuidad, opacidad, fragmentación, urgencia e implementación. Además, el enorme potencial y las oportunidades que caracterizan a estas ciudades terminaron valorándose como un elemento negativo, una suerte de cliché que mantiene una eterna esperanza en el futuro en lugar de motivar las acciones que deberían tomarse en el presente.
Burnout y factores psicosociales laborales en entrenadores deportivos de Lima y Huancayo
Authors:   , Gutiérrez Sobrino Lady de María , Alburqueque Baldeon Guadalupe Stephania
Published: March 2022

La presente investigación es de corte cuantitativo cuyo objetivo de estudio fue relacionar el burnout y los factores psicosociales laborales en 131 entrenadores deportivos de Lima y Huancayo, cuyas edades oscilan entre los 23 y 69 años. El diseño de investigación fue no experimental transversal de nivel correlacional, para lo cual se utilizó el inventario de Maslach Burnout para entrenadores deportivos y el cuestionario de Factores Psicosociales Laborales. Para la obtención de resultados se realizó un análisis de regresión múltiple en la que se evidenció que el factor predictor del burnout es contenido y características de la tarea. También se compararon las variables en función a una serie de características propias del entrenador deportivo, tales como el nivel de educación, satisfacción con el sueldo y el tipo de trabajo, los cuales arrojaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas. En función a ello, se determinó que el desgaste emocional y la percepción de reducida realización personal están asociadas a la remuneración del rendimiento y las exigencias laborales a las cuales está sometido el entrenador en su dinámica cotidiana.
FENOMENA MARAKNYA PEER TO PEER LENDING DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19: MITIGASI RISIKO HUKUM BAGI PEMINJAM [The Phenomenon of Peer-to-Peer Lending During the Covid-19 Pandemic: Mitigation of Legal Risks for Borrowers]
Authors: Shalmont Jerry , Dominica Dora
Published: March 2022

The use of Peer to Peer Lending (P2P Lending) has been increasing rapidly since the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia, online loan has become a financing option for individuals and business entities. However, the facts showed that some P2P Lending providers operate without proper licenses from the Financial Services Authority (OJK), resulting in huge disadvantages for the borrowers as a result of illegal P2P Lending. This paper will analyze the legal aspects of P2P Lending in terms of risks, from its legality to supervision, and the role of associations in building a sustainable fintech ecosystem. Legal risks should be differentiated from investment risks in which from the user side, especially the borrowers, it is important to act proactively to check whether P2P Lending providers are legal and registered with OJK for risk management. This paper uses normative research by referring to some P2P Lending prevailing laws and regulations in Indonesia as well as factual facts. There are two types of approaches used, namely the statute and conceptual approach, to obtain the desired research results.

Bahasa Indonesia Abstrak: Penggunaan Peer to Peer Lending (P2P Lending) sangat berkembang pesat sejak pandemi Covid-19 di Indonesia, pinjaman online menjadi salah satu opsi pembiayaan baik bagi individu sampai dengan badan usaha. Akan tetapi, fakta menunjukan bahwa cukup banyak penyelenggara P2P Lending yang beroperasi namun tidak memiliki izin resmi dari Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK), yang pada akhirnya mengakibatkan banyak pengguna yang merasa dirugikan akibat P2P Lending ilegal. Tulisan ini akan menganalisis aspek hukum dari P2P Lending dari segi risiko, legalitas sampai dengan pengawasan, serta peranan asosiasi dalam membangun ekosistem fintech yang berkelanjutan. Risiko hukum harus dibedakan dari risiko investasi dari sisi pengguna terutama peminjam, sangatlah penting untuk berperan proaktif mencari tahu penyelenggara P2P Lending legal dan terdaftar di OJK dalam rangka manajemen risiko. Jurnal ini menggunakan penelitian normatif dengan mengacu pada ketentuan hukum dan peraturan P2P Lending yang berlaku di Indonesia. Ada dua jenis pendekatan yang digunakan yaitu pendekatan undang-undang dan konseptual, guna mendapatkan hasil penelitian yang diinginkan.
Social Representations of the Family Among Russian School-Girls and All-Girls Education: Field Quasi-Experimental Research
Authors: Solodnikov Vladimir , Solodnikova Irina
Published: March 2022

The objective of this article is to analyze of the effect of the secondary education segregated by gender on social concept of “family” among schoolgirls. The approach used is social constructivism and the method is field quasi experiment. Secondary education segregated by gender is a social phenomenon in Russia. Public opinion polls show that people use the virtually same arguments pro and against it. At the same time there is a correlation between such forms of education and educational achievements in gender sensitive disciplines.
Higher professional education segregated by gender is usually related to getting a qualification in the army mainly by young men. Some personality traits and peculiarities of interpersonal relationships among members of the army (including female students) were brought to light. Lastly, some peculiarities of parent-child relationships and some personality patterns among children from families of professional army men were examined.
There are two strict definitions of family in Russian research. It’s not obvious, though, how they correspond with social perceptions of it by ‘people on the streets’, especially girls planning to have a family of their own. Today there are a number of surveys on social perceptions of family among unmarried young people (including girls). The results, though, are not comparable with each other and not always methodically correct. The empirical data allows to make the following conclusions: girl’s education segregated by gender, when it is analyzed as an independent variable, predetermined peculiarities of their social representation about family that are better aligned with S. I. Golod’s definition of family and are normative (prepotency of blood relative bond and nuclear families). It must be noted that a number of social communities, though, are also figuratively perceived as family and on the whole (non-)familial communities have “softer” evaluation. The correlation between discovered social representations of family and features of parent/child relationships needs more research.
VALUASI EKONOMI EKOWISATA MANGROVE BANYUURIP: APLIKASI TRAVEL COST METHOD DAN TINJAUANNYA DALAM PERSPEKTIF ISLAM
Authors: Sakti Tryas Sukmaning , Fauzi R. Moh. Qudsi
Published: March 2022

This study applies of economic valuation using individual travel cost method derived from environmental services such as Banyuurip Mangrove Ecotourism which have no market value. Ordinary least square (OLS) is used to determine the factors that affect the number of tourist visits and estimate the economic value of Banyuurip Mangrove Ecotourism. The results of the estimation show that all independent variables statistically significantly influence the number of visits to Mangrove Ecotourism except for age variables. The calculation results show the economic value of Mangrove Ecotourism is 1,124,551,798.76 rupiah per year. Based on the perspective of Islamic natural resources and environment, Mangrove Banyuurip has applied several principles in its management. Seen from the treatment of mangrove ecotourism in protecting the environment so that does not occur damage in accordance with the principles of Islamic natural and economic resources. Fulfillment of worship facilities, namely the musholla provided for visitors, which is reflected in QS Ad-Dzariat ayah 56. The results of this study can be used as a consideration in making further policies for better development and management.Keywords: economic valuation, ecotourism, Banyuurip Mangrove, individual travel cost method, OLS, Islamic perspective
Use of superoxide dismutase activity indicator in the system of surface water ecological monitoring
Authors: Vember Valeriia , Shabliy Oleksandra , Bassak Anastasiia , Antonenko Denys
Published: March 2022

The usage of herbicides is increasingly spreading both in the world and in Ukraine. Constant monitoring of this type of the polluting substances is one of the areas for maintaining the ecological security. It is significant for diverse environmental objects, especially for the surface water sources. Contemporary herbicides have a wide range of various mechanisms of action. In this regard, applied methods have to ensure the high level of sensitivity and reasonable specificity for measuring the excessive concentrations of herbicides in the environment. Besides, it is considerable to choose appropriate test organisms. They have to satisfy the list of requirements, while the most important one is that it would be a hydrophyte that has full contact with water. Therefore, the Elodea canadensis Michx. has been chosen by us as a test object. This species is a cosmopolitan and is widely used for the bioassay procedure.

The system of biochemical transformations is one of the most sensitive links for the maintenance of the cell homeostasis. Typically, enzymes react to the stress-induced variation in environmental situation by modification of their activity. Consequently, this fact is used for the stress assessment of the organism. We have offered to measure the enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) as the most remarkable system biomarker on the toxic impact of the herbicides. The main function of SOD is the prevention of the growing oxidative stress in the cell. Thus, it can serve as an integral index that acts on the influence of varied chemical substances.

For this reason, the aim of the research paper is to indicate the specific changes in the SOD activity of the Elodea canadensis’ cells in conducting the bioassay of the herbicides of varied groups.

The aim was achieved through the investigation of the dynamical changes in the SOD activity of Elodea canadensis. The water plant had contact with varied groups of the herbicides in different concentrations.

As a result, we have discovered the high sensitivity of the SOD activity of Elodea canadensis while being immersed into water with different herbicides. Hence, this test can be recommended for use to determine the contamination of water with pesticides.

We recommend using a one-day experiment for the most representative results to explore the dynamical changes in the enzyme activity of elodea in herbicide solution.

The elaborated bioassay method has the following advantages: quickness, accessibility and sensitivity. The absence of the specificity in similar studies can refer to disadvantages. Howsoever, it can also refer to advantages if the screening is conducted for a wide range of contaminations.
Educational violence: a systematic review
Authors: Graupe Mareli Eliane , Silva Fabíola Pereira Machado da , Maurente Rafaella de  Mattos
Published: March 2022

This article aims to map the main educational violence in the period from 2015 to 2020, in the scientific database of the Brazilian Institute of Information in Science and Technology - IBICT. It is the result of a systematic review. The main authors identified in the research works, in order of recurrence, were: Abramovay (2002), Fante (2005), Lopes Neto (2005), Debarbieux (2001, 2002), Charlot (2002), Antunes (2010), Silva (2010), Bourdieu (2014), Franco (2014), Beane (2010), Priotto (2006), Michaud (2001), Sardenberg (2007), Rossato and Rossato (2013), Tudisco (2011), Laterman (2000), Sposito (2001). Also, it was verified the most recurrent types of educational violence, the institutions by State that produced the most research on the subject, the prevention and confrontation strategies of educational violence in the 24 scientific works (18 dissertations and six theses). Abramovay is the author with more recurrence in productions, quoted in 16 of the 24 studies studied. In summary, it was possible to perceive the contributions of the authors mentioned above in understanding the complex phenomenon of violence, the plurality of terms on school violence and its causes and consequences of violence in the lives of children and adolescents.
4-aminopyridine promotes accelerated skin wound healing via neurogenic-mediator expression
Authors: Mashanipalya Jagadeeshaprasad , Govindappa Prem Kumar , Nelson Amanda , Noble Mark , Elfar John
Published: March 2022

We discovered that 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), a potassium channel blocker approved by the FDA for improving walking ability in multiple sclerosis, greatly enhances skin wound healing. Benefits included faster wound closure, restoration of normal-appearing skin architecture, increased vascularization and reinnervation. Hair follicle neogenesis within the healed wounds was increased, both histologically and by analysis of K15 and K17 expression. 4-AP increased levels of vimentin (fibroblasts) and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA, collagen-producing myofibroblasts) in the healed dermis. 4-AP also increased neuronal regeneration with increased numbers of axons and S100+ Schwann cells (SCs), and increased expression of SRY-Box Transcription Factor 10 (SOX10). Treatment also increased levels of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), substance P and nerve growth factor (NGF), important promoters of wound healing. In-vitro studies demonstrated that 4-AP enhanced proliferation and migration of human keratinocytes and SCs, and that 4-AP enhanced cellular interactions between neuronal and non-neuronal cells to further accelerate wound healing. Thus, 4-AP enhanced many of the key attributes of successful wound healing and offers a promising new approach to enhance skin wound healing and tissue regeneration.
Evaluation of safety concerns for COVID-19 immunization of pregnant women: A systematic review of emerging evidence
Authors: Krishna Hare , Motwani Rohini , Kumari Chiman , Sahni Chetan , Ananat Monika , Mishra Abhishek , Kulandhasamy Maheswari , Rana Kavita , Kumar Ashutosh
Published: March 2022

Objectives
There is an urgent need to review the status of COVID-19 vaccine immunization in pregnant women globally so that the adverse outcomes may be prevented. In this study we performed a systematic review of the available literature to evaluate the probable outcomes of COVID-19 vaccination in pregnant women.
Methods
An electronic search was conducted over the period of 3 months (June 15-August 15, 2021). The original studies evaluating safety concerns in pregnant women for COVID-19 vaccination were included. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2009 guidelines were used for the collection of the data and reporting of the findings. The inclusion and exclusion criteria for the studies were determined based on ‘PICO principle’ (Population, Intervention, Comparator, and Outcome, Study design. Risk of bias assessment was done using National Institute of Health (NIH) tool for systematic reviews.
Results
COVID-19 vaccination in pregnant women was not associated with increased adverse effects or complications to the mother as well as developing fetus or newborn compared to non-vaccinated pregnant women. Vaccinated pregnant women showed a robust immune response against COVID-19 infection.
Conclusions
COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy causes no significant health risks for the mother or developing fetus or newborn.
The interprofessional and interorganizational collaboration in perinatal care settings after issuing the Quebec Perinatal Policy 2008-2018: A single case study
Authors: Behruzi Roksana , Klam Stephanie , Jimenez Vania , Hatem Hatem M , Rodriguez Charo
Published: March 2022

Introduction: The main objective of this study was to explore how the Quebec Perinatal Policy influenced the collaborative experiences of maternity care providers in a birthing center and its affiliated hospital. Methods: A single case study was used. Data collection included semi-structural interviews with multidisciplinary professional and administrator participants; direct observation and field notes; documents and archives. A qualitative thematic method and QDA Miner software were used for analysis. Results: Our investigation reveals that midwives have complete access to the hospital with which a formal agreement was signed. The completion of the Quebec Perinatal Policy is still under question because of the lack of human and financial resources. Some of the barriers to fully execution of the Perinatal Policy in the province of Quebec include the absence of strategies or willingness to open more birthing centers, the scarcity of training sites for midwives, and the limited number of schools that provide midwifery education in Quebec. There was no obvious effect of Quebec Perinatal Policy on the collaborative professional activities among midwives in the birthing center and other professionals in the affiliated hospital. Tension among maternity care professionals was fuelled by prejudice, a poor understanding of the roles and lack of trust of other professionals, poor communication, and an unwillingness to collaborate. Factors that facilitated collaboration between maternity care professionals were close communication and exchange of information between personnel, participation in multidisciplinary workshops and meetings, and proper preparation of midwifery clients for possible transfer of care. Conclusion: Collaboration is necessary among maternity care professionals in order to better implement the perinatal care policies in Quebec. Additional strategies include clearly defining the roles and responsibilities of the various maternity care providers, designing interdisciplinary programs and workshops to strengthen teamwork and to improve understanding of the scope of practice of other maternity care professionals, in order to encourage mutual respect and collaboration.
Resilience During Covid – a Qualitative Study on the Experience of Rural Hospital Healthcare Workers
Authors: McConnell Ailbhe , Abbas Ray , Madden Lindsey , Kearns Angela
Published: March 2022

AIMSThe purpose and aims of this study were to explore the existing resilience beliefs amongst a range of healthcare staff in a rural Irish hospital during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, and to ascertain whether this cohort developed enhanced resilience following this experience. METHODSQualitative semi-structured interviews were carried out with a cohort of hospital staff who worked on a designated covid ward during the first wave of the Covid-19 pandemic. An interview guide was employed to facilitate consistent and analogous data. An interpretative phenomenological approach was used for data analysis yielding themes and sub-themes.RESULTSWhile participants highlighted a number of personal and professional difficulties, positive experiences were also described, including enhanced team work and inter-professional dynamics. Workers utilised a number of affirmative strategies to foster resilience development, and twelve out of thirteen study participants (92%) acknowledged an overall improvement in their perceived resilience skills following their experiences.CONCLUSIONThis study found that a subset of healthcare workers on the frontline of a rural Irish hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic, from a variety of hospital-based roles, employed similar methods to bolster resilience as individuals. The study highlighted areas of improvement in the workplace which could enhance personal and workplace/hospital resilience, including improved lines of communication, and improved staffing.
Central kisspeptin does not affect ERK1/2 or p38 phosphorylation in oxytocin neurons of late-pregnant rats
Authors: Abbasi Mehwish , Augustine Rachael , Iremonger Karl , Brown Colin
Published: March 2022

Oxytocin is secreted by hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus (SON) and paraventricular nucleus (PVN) oxytocin neurons to induce uterine contractions during parturition. Increased activation of oxytocin neurons at parturition involves a network of afferent inputs that increase oxytocin neuron excitability. Kisspeptin fibre density increases around oxytocin neurons during pregnancy, and central kisspeptin administration excites oxytocin neurons only in late pregnancy. Kisspeptin signals via extracellular regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and p38. Therefore, to determine whether kisspeptin excites oxytocin neurons via ERK1/2-p38 signalling in late-pregnant rats, we performed immunohistochemistry for phosphorylated ERK1/2 (pERK1/2) and phosphorylated p38 (p-p38) in oxytocin neurons of non-pregnant and late-pregnant rats. Intracerebroventricular (ICV) kisspeptin administration (2 µg) did not affect pERK1/2 or p-p38 expression in SON and PVN oxytocin neurons of non-pregnant or late-pregnant rats. Furthermore, ICV kisspeptin did not affect pERK1/2 or p-p38 expression in brain areas with major projections to the SON and PVN: the nucleus tractus solitarius, rostral ventrolateral medulla, locus coeruleus, dorsal raphe nucleus, organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis, median preoptic nucleus, subfornical organ, anteroventral periventricular nucleus, periventricular nucleus and arcuate nucleus. Hence, kisspeptin-induced excitation of oxytocin neurons in late pregnancy does not appear to involve ERK1/2 or p38 activation in oxytocin neurons or their afferent inputs.
Comparison of Outcomes of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction with Hybrid Tibial Fixations Between Adjustable Suspensory Device with Interference Screw and Cortical Screw Post with Interference Screw: A Prospective Comparative Cohort Study
Authors: Lai Po-Jen , Chang Wen-Pei , Wong Chin-Chean , Liaw Chen-Kun , Weng Pei-Wei , Chen Chih-Hwa
Published: March 2022

Background: Previous studies have compared different kinds of fixations for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Nevertheless, there is no optimal method to date. Furthermore, to the best of authors’ knowledge, there is no article discussing the combination of suspensory device and interference screw for hybrid tibial fixation.Methods: In total, 66 patients (34, modified group; 32, traditional group) were enrolled. Their International Knee Documentation Committee score, Tegner score, and Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation score were evaluated after a 2-year follow-up. The range of motion, anterior knee irritation and Lachman test were assessed at least 12 months after surgery. To evaluate tunnel widening, anteroposterior and lateral view radiography was conducted 1 day after surgery and at least 12 months later. A more than 10% change in the tunnel was considered as tibial tunnel widening. Mann–Whitney U test, independent t test, and chi-squared test were used to compare the variables between the groups.Results: No variable except gender (P = 0.006) showed any significant difference with regard to demographic data. Functional scores and physical examinations also showed no statistically significant difference between the groups. Patients who underwent traditional hybrid fixation were more prone to anterior knee irritation (P = 0.028). Further, more patients who underwent traditional hybrid fixation showed greater percentage of tunnel widening in the lateral view of radiographs (P = 0.033). No significant difference was observed in the anteroposterior view of radiographs between the groups (P = constant).Conclusion: Patients who underwent modified hybrid tibial fixation had similar clinical outcomes at 2-year follow-up, but less tibial tunnel widening in lateral view radiographs and less anterior knee irritation at 1-year follow-up compared with patients who underwent traditional hybrid tibial fixation.Trial Registration:Joint Institutional Review Board of Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan (No: N201805094).Study Design:Prospective comparative cohort study; Level of evidence, II.
Impact of metastatic lymph node ratio on survival in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with celiac lymph node metastasis: A propensity score-matched analysis
Authors: Li Tingting , Fu Xiaobin , Yao Qiwei
Published: March 2022

Background
The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of pathological lymph node ratio (pN ratio) on the survival of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients with celiac lymph node metastasis (LNM).
Methods
In total, 181 ESCC patients with celiac LNM who received radical esophagectomy and 3-field lymph node dissection (3-FL) between January 2006 and December 2009 in Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital and met the inclusion criteria were analyzed. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to calculated the optimal cutoff value. The Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test was performed to assess the overall survival (OS) differences between groups. The factors achieved the significantly statistical differences in the univariate analysis were used to build predicting models. The concordance index (C-index) was calculated to compare the discrimination ability and predictive accuracy of the multivariate models. A regression model was performed to identify independent prognostic factors for OS. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to adjust for the imbalance and indication biases in the 2 groups.
Results
The median follow-up time was 28 months (range, 1-110 months), and the 5-year OS rate was 13%. According to ROC curve analysis, the optimal cutoff value for pN ratio was 12%. Univariate analysis revealed that age (P = 0.039), tumor thickness (P = 0.041), vascular invasion (P = 0.011), post-operative chemotherapy (P = 0.013), pathologic T stage (pT stage) (P = 0.008), pathological N station (pN station) (P = 0.001), pathological N stage (pN stage) (P < 0.001), and pN ratio (P < 0.001) were significantly associated with OS. C-index values of the multivariate model 1 (pN stage), model 2 (pN station), and model 3 (pN ratio) were 0.664 (0.615–0.712), 0.667 (0.619–0.715), 0.67 (0.619–0.721). Model 3 increased slightly compared with model 1 and model 2, however, statistical analysis showed no significant difference. The multivariate Cox regression model identified pN ratio (P = 0.008), age (P = 0.044), vascular invasion (0.041), and post-operative chemotherapy (P = 0.024) as independent factors affecting OS. After PSM, patients with a pN ratio < 12% had a better OS than those with a pN ratio ≥ 12% (5-year 0S, 19% vs 5%).
Conclusion
The pN ratio may treat as a reliable prognostic factor for ESCC patients with celiac LNM treated with radical esophagectomy and 3-FL. Larger-scale studies are warranted to validate these findings.
The pathogenic roles of S100A8/A9 and S100A12 in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis
Authors: Xu Peng-Cheng , Bai Xue , Chen Tong , Zhang Hao-Miao , Wu Si-Jing , Yang Xia , Gao Shan , Jia Jun-Ya , Jiang Jian-Qing , Yan Tie-Kun
Published: March 2022

Background: The significance of S100A8/A9 and S100A12 in the antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) has not been clarified. In this study, the pathogenic role of S100A8/A9 and S100A12 in AAV were investigated.Results: Both serum and urine S100A8/A9 and S100A12 of AAV patients were excessively increased (compared with healthy controls, p<0.001), and were correlated with the activity and severity of disease. Serum S100A8/A9 was correlated with serum S100A12 (r=0.728, p<0.001), and there was also a relationship between urinary S100A8/A9 and S100A12 (r=0.536, p=0.001). In vitro study showed S100A8/A9 and S100A12 increased the chemotaxis index (CI) and the release of IL-1β, extended the life span, and enhanced the complement activation of ANCA-activated neutrophils. Blockade of TLR4 and RAGE inhibited the functions of S100A8/A9 and S100A12. Western-blotting showed p38 MAPK/NF-κB p65 pathway was involved in the influence of S100A8/A9 and S100A12 on ANCA-activated neutrophils. The effects of S100A8/A9 and S100A12 were reactive oxygen species (ROS)-independent because both S100A8/A9 and S100A12 did not enhance the ANCA-induced ROS and NETs generation.Conclusion: S100A8/A9 and S100A12 not only serve as markers for assessing the disease activity and severity, but also might take part into the pathogenesis of AAV directly.
Down-regulation of FGF10 in hypospadias prepuce
Authors: Yamada Susumu , Miyahara Katsumi , Fujiwara Naho , Lane Geoffrey J. , Yamataka Atsuyuki , Okawada Manabu
Published: March 2022

Background: Fibroblast growth factors (FGF) expressed in the genital tubercle, especially FGF8 and FGF10, may be implicated in the morphogenesis of external genitalia. We investigated the expression of FGF8 and FGF10 in hypospadias prepuce to confirm any correlation.Methods: Hypospadias was classified according to the location of the external meatus as coronal/subcoronal (mild; n=7), midshaft (moderate; n=6), penoscrotal (severe; n=3). Prepuce tissue specimens obtained intraoperatively from hypospadias patients (H; n=16), phimosis patients (P; n=8) between 2010 and 2016 were examined immunohistochemically. Quantification of immunostaining was performed using imageJ®. The protein expression of FGF10 in each group was examined by Western blot analysis.Results: Mean ages at surgery were 3.9 and 4.5 years for H and P, respectively. Both FGF8 and FGF10 were expressed in the upper dermis, especially the papillary layer. FGF8 was similar, but FGF10 was down-regulated in H in proportion to severity (P: 13.08% versus mild H: 7.28%, moderate H: 5.01%, severe H: 1.38%). The FGF10 protein amount results showed FGF10 was down-regulated in H (phimosis 0.91, mild 0.99, moderate 0.65, severe 0.48).Conclusion: The significant down-regulation of FGF10 identified may contribute to further understanding the etiology of hypospadias and may have some possible applications for treating hypospadias.
Post-traumatic stress disorder among Palestinian university students following the May 2021 war
Authors: Radwan Abdal-Karim Said , Abu-El-Noor Mysoon Khalil , El-Kurdy Rania , Aljeesh Yousef Ibrahim , Abu-El-Noor Nasser Ibrahim
Published: March 2022

Background
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common disorder among survivors of war-combat. Along with the spread of CVOID-19, the May 2021 war against Gaza Strip increased the chance for PTSD among university students living in the Gaza Strip, hence, this study aimed to assess level of PTSD among university students following Israeli war against the Gaza Strip in May 2021.
Methodology:
This cross-sectional study targeted all university students in Gaza Strip. The Impact Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) {which has 3 domains; intrusion, avoidance, and hyper-arousal} was used to assess PTSD among participants.
Results
The results showed that only 4.3% of the participants had not symptoms of PTSD while 88.7% showed severe symptoms of PTSD. The mean for IES-R score was 2.55. The highest mean of IES-R domains related to “Intrusion” (mean = 2.77) followed by “Avoidance” (mean = 2.28) and “Hyper-arousal” (mean = 2.01). Differences between males and females, participants who got injured and those who did not, participants who had a family member got injured and those who hadn’t, participants who had a relative/a friend got injured and those who hadn’t, participants who had a family member killed during the war and those who hadn’t, and participants who had a relative or a friend killed during the war and those who hadn’t were all statistically significant.
Conclusion
The findings showed that university students living in the Gaza Strip suffered from severe PTSD following the May 2021 war. This level of PTSD shows the need for special intervention programs to diminish level of stress and trauma among these students after the war, especially with the spread of COVID-19 pandemic which increases their stress level.
Global analysis in non-obstructive azoospermic testis identifies miRNAs critical to spermatogenesis
Authors: Piryaei Fahimeh , Mozdarani Hossein , Gilani Mohammad Ali Sadighi , Singh Rajender , Finelli Renata , Darestanifarahani Mahsa , Sarli Abdolazim , Agarwal Ashok
Published: March 2022

Background
The etiology of male infertility accompanied by azoospermia is largely unknown especially at the molecular level. Identifying the global expression profile of dysregulated microRNAs (miRNAs) in male infertility would be useful to achieve a more profound understanding of pathogenesis.
Methods
Small RNA sequencing was performed on testicular tissues of 10 nonobstructive azoospermic patients with Sertoli cell only syndrome (SCOS) and those of 8 obstructive azoospermic individuals. The expression of 4 dysregulated miRNAs was validated by quantitative Real-Time polymerase chain reaction, confirming the results obtained by sequencing analysis. Bioinformatics analysis was utilized to discover novel miRNAs as well as to identify the main pathways impaired in spermatogenic failure.
Results
A total of 149 miRNAs were detected to be differentially expressed in the Sertoli cell only syndrome group in comparison with the obstructive azoospermia group. Of these, 13 miRNAs were novel. Bioinformatics analysis suggested that the altered miRNAs were substantially involved in pathways related to spermatogenesis.
Conclusions
Our study introduces novel miRNAs with emphasis on the crucial role of miRNAs in idiopathic Sertoli cell only syndrome, suggesting potential targets for employing molecular therapeutic strategies in spermatogenic failure treatment.
Introductory Physics Laboratory as an opportunity to promote students´ soft skills
Authors: Zacharias Carlos Renato , Monteiro Marco Aurélio Alvarenga
Published: March 2022

Any professional should be competent in managing information to solve real and new problems. The concept of competence involves more than conceptual and procedural skills and takes into account socio-emotional issues. Experimental classes in Physics usually aim to develop technical skills. However, these can be an effective opportunity to promote soft skills. In this article, a gamified online class concerning introductory experimental physics is reported. Storytelling proved to be an important engagement drive, favoring meaningful and long-term learning. Students declared a high confidence level to reproduce experimental activities, despite having had no access to the laboratory facilities. They have highlighted critical thinking and logical reasoning, proactivity, ability to work under pressure, and time management as those most promoted skills. These results suggest that classes can be designed to deliver not only technical skills but also promote soft skills, transforming an Introductory Physics Laboratory into an opportunity to contribute to a better professional formation.
Comparison of iris sutured versus trocar-assisted sutureless scleral fixation techniques for dislocated one-piece and three-piece intraocular lenses
Authors: Aydin Erdinc , Kazanci Levent
Published: March 2022

Purpose: To explore the visual outcome and complications of iris sutured intraocular lenses (ISIOLs) and sutureless scleral-fixated intraocular lenses (SSIOLs) in the surgical management of patients without exchanging dislocated posterior chamber intraocular lenses (PCIOLs) into the vitreous.Methods: Fourteen ISIOLs and 15 SSIOLs implantations for dislocated PCIOLs were analyzed retrospectively. Mean follow-up of ISIOL Group and SSIOL Group: 11,3 ± 2, 0 (range: 9-15) months and 11, 8± 2, 2 (range: 9-16) months, respectively Preoperative and postoperative outcomes, operative indications, and complications were evaluated.Results: Primary surgical indications were pseudoexfoliation (PXE) (21,4 %), post-cataract surgery (PCS) (35,7 %) trauma (42,8 %), in ISIOL group and PXE (26,6 %), PCS (40 %) trauma (33,3 %) in SSIOL group, respectively. At latest follow-up, there was improvement in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) (0.053 ± 0.051 to 0.53 ± 0.13 p <0.0001) in ISIOL group and (0.05± 0, 02 to 0.64± 0, 16, p <0.0001) in SSIOL group. Postoperative complications of ISIOL group and SSIOL group included corneal oedema (14,2%; nil), IOP elevation (21,4%;7,1 %), bullous keratopathy (14,2%;nil), anterior uveitis (35,7%;13,3%), cystoid macular oedema (CME) (21,4%);7,1%), pupil ovalization (21,4%;nil), broken haptic (none; 13,3%), IOL exchange (nil; 13,3%), and vitreous haemorrhage (nil; 14,2%).Conclusions: Self-IOL implantation may enable much earlier visual rehabilitation in the SISIOL group than the IFIOL group. Moreover, the 27G trocar-assisted SSIOL technique takes a shorter operation time and relatively lower complication rates. Further studies with larger series and longer follow-up assessments are required.
Multiple Quantum-Coherent Energy Transfer Pathways in Photosynthesis: Electronic-Vibrational Mixing within Photosystem II CP43/CP47 Antenna
Authors: Maffeis Valentin , Lorente Patricia , Picorel Rafael , Romero Elisabet
Published: March 2022

Photosynthesis, the biological process whereby the energy of the Sun is stored into biochemical energy, starts with energy absorption by light-harvesting complexes. These pigment-protein complexes are able to absorb and transfer energy with high speed and efficiency to the reaction center, the site of solar-energy conversion. To understand how these complexes work allows to elucidate strategies to design robust bio-inspired solar-energy conversion systems. Here, we report a two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy study of the photosystem II core antenna complexes, CP43 and CP47, and of monomeric chlorophyll a at cryogenic temperature aiming to investigate both the mechanism and the pathways of energy transfer with a focus on quantum-coherent phenomena. Our results demonstrate that multiple energy transfer pathways are active within CP43/CP47 and that electron-vibrational mixing promotes energy transfer via a vibronic-coherent mechanism. This work provides unprecedented detail on energy transfer within CP43/CP47 and contributes to our understanding of the natural light-harvesting design principles.
MATERIALISMO DIALÉTICO COMO MÉTODO DE PESQUISA: UMA REFLEXÃO A PARTIR DA TEORIA DE HENRI WALLON
Authors: Silva Leandro Batista da , Riegel Fernando
Published: March 2022

A dicotomia entre ciências humanas e ciências “duras” no processo de construção do conhecimento tem sido tema de discussão constante na academia. Nesse sentido, a pesquisa que se ocupa da fala, do discurso, da linguagem pode ser compreendida com certa desconfiança pelos acadêmicos e pesquisadores, o que tensiona o pesquisador a um exaustivo rigor quanto ao método utilizado. Partindo dessa premissa e utiilizando-se do referencial teórico da psicogenética em Wallon, esta revisão teórica busca refazer o percurso histórico da pesquisa em ciências humanas, centrando-se no materialismo dialético como base filosófica privilegiada para a pesquisa quando se busca produzir conhecimento a partir do discurso produzido pelas pessoas. Além disso, tendo por base as contribuições de Žižek, esta reflexão também visa demonstrar a atualidade do materialismo dialético e do marxismo como bases filosóficas na construção do conhecimento, ainda que setores conservadores tentem desqualificar essa opção metodológica apenas por análises políticas.
SOBRE A GÊNESE DO CONCEITO DE MESTRADO E DOUTORADO NO BRASIL
Authors: Vicente João Pedro Aparecido
Published: March 2022

Neste texto, derivado de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, inserido no campo da História da Educação, apresenta-se a evolução do conceito de pós-graduação no Brasil, entre as décadas de 1940 e 1960, culminando na conceituação proposta pelo Conselho Federal de Educação em 1965. Demonstra-se que os primeiros documentos destinados a conceituar as categorias e funções dos estudos pós-graduados no Brasil cumpriram sua função de maneira pouco consistente. Por sua vez, considera-se que o Parecer 977/1965 trouxe características gerais válidas para descrição dos conceitos de pós-graduação em sentido lato e estrito, de forma coerente com as demandas apresentadas pela organização universitária departamental, um dos frutos da Reforma de 1968.
PROPOSTA DE FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES INTERCULTURAIS
Authors: Rivera Morales Alicia
Published: March 2022

El presente artículo sintetiza los resultados de un estudio de pertinencia y factibilidad, llevado a cabo a principios del 2020,  cuyo objetivo fue conocer las necesidades y temas de interés para diseñar una propuesta curricular para formar  docentes interculturales. Se aplicó una encuesta a 700 personas, en las que se incluyó a docentes en servicio, equipos directivos, formadores de formadores, estudiantes de  último semestre y egresados de diferentes licenciaturas en el campo educativo, también se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a profesores y directores. Con base en  los resultados se esboza una propuesta curricular flexible y abierta que trata de incorporar saberes ancestrales, ecológicos planetarios para el buen vivir y el cuidado del otro, otra. Pretende buscar caminos para la atención a problemas eje y elementos de transformación a través de la investigación-acción e interdisciplinariedad, dichos elementos posibilitan enriquecer la formación de docentes interculturales que busquen alternativas para atender  problemas de la comunidad.
Development of Self-Compacting Concrete of Grades M25, M30 and M35 Using Composite Cement
Authors: Sudharsan C Praneeth , Gosh Sayantan , Sood Dr. Hemant
Published: March 2022

Abstract: Both fly ash and slag are industrial by-products and their disposal has become a serious environmental problem. Considering their excellent cementitious properties, their utilization in the cement industry becomes crucial. Because of the significant contribution to the environmental pollution, over dependency on cement has to be reduced. There is a need to economize the use of cement, thus, the concept of composite cement becomes necessary. In this study, Fly Ash (FA) and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS) were used as partial replacement of cement to improve the properties of selfcompacting concrete (SCC). Three SCC grades viz., M25, M30 and M35 were made in the laboratory. For all the three grades, two variations were considered. Case 1 included 65% Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC), 15% FA and 20% GGBFS while case 2 included 85% OPC and 15% FA. In order to improve the workability of SCC, certain amount of super-plasticizer was added in the design mix. Vfunnel, L-box and slump flow tests were conducted on fresh SCC whereas compressive strength, flexural strength and split tensile tests were performed on hardened SCC. The results showed that the optimum admixture content was used their respective grades and cases leading to negligible segregation. Moreover, all the design mixes satisfied the SCC workability conditions comfortably. It was concluded that by replacing cement partially with fly ash and GGBFS in percentages mentioned in cases 1 and 2, the tensile strength of SCC could improve. From the 28 days results obtained from the compressive strength test, it was inferred that 15% fly ash and 20% GGBFS could be partially replaced with cement for all the grades i.e., M25, M30 and M35. This, could help in reducing the reliance on cement, and utilizing the industrial by-products in a better way. Keywords: Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC); Ordinary Portland cement (OPC); Fly Ash (FA); Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS); Workability; V-funnel; L-box; slump flow; compressive strength test; split tensile strength; flexural strength