bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ranking and Determining the Factors Affecting the Road Freight Accidents Model
Authors: Bagheri Ramiani Masoud , Shirazian Gholamreza
Published: May 2020

The tremendous growth of population, particularly in developing countries, has led to increased number of travels, especially those with load and freight specifications. Hence, expanding the present facilities or developing new networks or systems concerning freight and transportation is an essential issue. Among the various transportation systems, road freight has secured a significant place in sub-urban transportation, as it is responsible for transporting loads, decreasing transportation costs, and increasing the safety of highway users. Besides these advantages, poor and nonstandard design and performance of sub-urban highways and transport fleet and equipment leads to the increased number of accidents and inefficiency of these facilities.  Based on these facts, the primary aim of the present study is to probe into the factors affecting road freight accident severity. For this purpose, the data obtained from road freight accidents occurring in 2016, 2017, and 2018 in Gilan Province, Iran, were used for analyzing the frequency, ranking and determining the factors, and creating models for accident severity. The results indicated that in accordance with the accident severity model in 2016, several factors such as the season of autumn, daytime light, drivers aged from 18 to 60, and pickup trucks have impacted the on-road freight accident severity. While, in 2017 the severity was affected by factors like rural road, freight trucks, non-faulty passenger cars, motorcycles, and pedestrians. When considering the effective variables in 2018, it was  found that such factors as the accident time (usually occurring between 12 p.m. to 6 p.m)., rural and major roads, freight trucks, non-faulty motorcycles, and the careless driving without due care and attention to the front were the variables affecting road freight accidents. Moreover, not following safety guidelines during freighting is the most effective variable in road freight accidents.
Free Vibration of Tall Buildings using Energy Method and Hamilton’s Principle
Authors: Rahgozar Peyman
Published: May 2020

In a framed-tube tall building, shear wall systems are the most efficient structural systems for increasing the lateral load resistance. A novel and simple mathematical model is developed herein which calculates the natural frequencies of such tall buildings. The analyses are based on a continuous model, in which a tall building structure is replaced by an idealized cantilever beam that embodies all relevant structural characteristics. Governing equations and the corresponding eigen-problem are derived based on the energy method and Hamilton’s principle. Solutions are obtained for three examples; using the separation of variables technique implemented in MATLAB. The results are compared to SAP2000 full model analysis; and they indicate reasonable accuracy. The computed natural frequencies for structures 50, 60 and 70 storey buildings were over-estimate 7, 11 and 14 percent respectively. The computed errors indicate that the proposed method has acceptable accuracy; and can be used during the initial stages of designing of tall buildings; it is fast and low cost computational process.
Hubungan antara Masa Kerja, Beban Kerja, Intensitas Kebisingan dengan Kelelahan Kerja di PT Nobelindo Sidoarjo
Authors: Suryaatmaja Adam , Eka Pridianata Vanida
Published: May 2020

Kebisingan merupakan salah satu dampak negatif dari kemajuan dan perkembangan dunia industri. Dampak yang dapat diakibatkan adalah tertanggunya kesehatan berupa kelelahan. Kelelahan kerja tidak hanya dipengaruhi oleh kebisingan namun juga oleh masa kerja dan beban kerja. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan total responden 25 orang dengan diberlakukannya kriteria inklusi. Data primer menggunakan pengukuran beban kerja yaitu dengan denyut nadi kerja, mengukur intensitas kebisingan dengan Sound Level Meter (SLM) dan kelelahan kerja dengan kuesioner KAUPKK. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif pada setiap variabel dan menggunakan uji tabulasi silang untuk mengetahui besar kuat hubungan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas usia pekerja yaitu 31-40 tahun (40%) dengan masa kerja rata â€“ rata pekerja yaitu 9 tahun dimana beban kerja yang dirasakan yaitu termasuk dalam ketegori beban kerja tidak berlebihan (52%). Intensitas kebisingan yang melebihi NAB terdapat pada bagian spare part (85,37 dBA) dan mesin waterjet (87,44 dBA). Sedangkan kelelahan kerja diketahui 60% pekerja merasakan lelah saat bekerja. Hasil uji statistik diketahui bahwa hubungan antara masa kerja dengan kelelahan kerja diketahui kuat yaitu 0,537. Sedangkan untuk beban kerja dengan kelelahan kerja memperoleh koefisien kontingensi sebesar 0,613 yang diartikan kuat. Hasil uji antara intensitas kebisingan dengan kelelahan kerja mendapatkan koefisien kontingensi sebesar 0,471 atau dikatakan cukup kuat.
Anti-proliperative and Anti-metastatic Agents of Balinese Long Pepper (Piper retrofractum V) Extract in Breast Cancer
Authors: Yani Made Violin Weda , Bhargah Varennia , Palgunadi I Gede Agus Darsana , Remitha Ni Putu Sri Indrani , Ruma I Made Winarsa
Published: May 2020

Breast cancer is malignancy that becomes significant health problem in the world. According to WHO data in 2018, there were 2.1 million cases of breast cancer with mortality rate reaching 627,000. Current breast cancer treatments are surgery, radiation therapy, hormonal therapy and chemotherapy. However, these treatments have side effects such as neuropathy, fatigue after undergoing chemotherapy, and alopecia. Natural ingredients are the choice to overcome these weaknesses, one of which is the utilization of piperine in Balinese long pepper (Piper retrofractum Vahl). Piperine can increase the bioavailability of many drugs by increasing absorption from the intestine, suppressing the metabolism of drugs in lung and liver tissue by inhibiting CYP3A4 and P84 glycoprotein P84. Piperine is easily absorbed in the intestine and excreted through urine and feces, causing minimal toxic effects. Piperine in Balinese long pepper is able to reduce breast cancer cell proliferation by 40%. Piperine can also inhibit epidermal growth factor (EGF) by inducing decreased expression of MMP-9 and MMP-13. Piperine will work through inhibition of NF-ÎºB and PKCÎ± phosphorylation and AP-1 activation by interfering extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway (ERK) 1/2, p38 MAPK, and Akt which results in inhibition of migration and metastasis of breast cancer cells.

Keyword: Anti-metastatic, Anti-proliferative, Breast Cancer, Piperine, Piper Retrofractum.
Evaluasi PMTCT (Prevention Mother To Child Transmission) pada IRT dengan HIV di Jatim
Authors: Widayanti Linda Prasetyaning
Published: May 2020

HIV/AIDS dengan proporsi penularan dari ibu ke bayi sebesar lebih dari 1% di masyarakat merupakan indikator dari kondisi generalized level. Kondisi ini merupakan keadaan gawat darurat dimana penularan dari ibu ke bayi sudah sangat tinggi. Papua dan Afrika merupakan contoh daerah dengan generalized level. Program PMTCT adalah salah satu upaya pemerintah untuk mencegah meluasnya penularan HIV dari ibu ke bayinya utamanya saat ibu sedang hamil atau bersalin. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menggambarkan evaluasi penerapan PMTCT pada ibu rumah tangga dengan HIV di Jawa Timur. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kualitatif dengan teknik sampling non randome yaitu purposive sampling. Terdapat 6 orang ibu rumah tangga dengan HIV dari 6 kota/kabupaten di Jawa Timur, dan terdapat 6 petugas KPA, program dan LSM yang menjadi responden untuk triangulasi. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini adalah in depth interview. Hasil penelitian ini adalah sebagian besar kegiatan dari prong 1 sampai prong 4 program PMTCT telah dilaksanakan sesuai Permenkes RI No 51 Tahun 2013 tentang Pedoman Pencegahan Penularan HIV dari Ibu ke Anak. Namun ada beberapa aspek yang masih kurang baik dalam pelaksanaan PMTCT terutama follow up bagi ibu yang negatif HIV dan home visit yang perlu perhatian khusus dari pemegang kebijakan program.
Pengaruh Faktor Eksternal terhadap Sisa Makanan Pasien Di Ruang Cempaka RSUD Ibnu Sina Kabupaten Gresik
Authors: Elka Amalia Sonia
Published: May 2020

Sisa makanan adalah makanan yang tidak habis dikonsumsi oleh pasien, dengan kategori banyak apabila sisa makanan >20% dari makanan yang disajikan dan kategori sedikit apabila sisa makanan <20%. Makanan yang disajikan oleh rumah sakit sudah disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan pasien, sehingga makanan dari rumah sakit menjadi salah satu penunjang proses penyembuhan pasien. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya sisa makanan pasien di Ruang Cempaka RSUD Ibnu Sina Kabupaten Gresik. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan menggunakan rancang bangun cross sectional. Jumlah sampel yang menjadi responden dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 65 responden. Penilaian sisa makanan menggunakan metode visual compstock. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa menurut jenis makanan, yang paling banyak meninggalkan sisa adalah makanan pokok dan yang paling sedikit meninggalkan sisa makanan adalah buah. Penampilan makanan dan kesesuaian jadwal dapat mempengaruhi terjadinya sisa makanan. Sementara rasa makanan, performa petugas, suasana lingkungan, dan makanan dari luar tidak mempengaruhi terjadinya sisa makanan.
A STUDY OF THE REMOVE CATIONIC AND ANIONIC DYES IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION BY A NEW NATURAL CLAY
Authors: Tamimi Malika , Bougdour Nadia , Alahaine Said , Sennaoui Asma , Assabbane Ali
Published: May 2020

The objective of this work is to study the possibility of eliminating both dyes Methylene Blue (MB) and Congo Red (CR) by adsorption on natural clay of the region of Agadir and determine the different reaction parameters effect on the proceeds. Orientation tests have been carried out in distilled water solutions. The results of the kinetics of adsorption showed that optimal contact time is 60 min; it corresponds to a maximum removal rate of MB and CR respectively of the order of 99% and 75%. Increased adsorbent ratio (0,1 à 2 g / l) improves the removal efficiency of the CR especially dyes for an initial concentration of 10 mg/l. NaNO3 salt and pH of the medium greatly influence the CR of retention. Whatever the reaction parameter tested; it appears that the clay has a good efficiency for the retention of two dyes.
DEFINING GREEN ROAD PROJECT MANAGEMENT SCOPE BY PDRI
Authors: An-Pi Chang  , Jyh-Dong Lin
Published: May 2020

This study is about the project early operation content of the green road development, takes full account of the operation items of various stages of the life cycle, by the use of special case define the Project Definition Rating Index (PDRI). PDRI assessment framework, defining the need and scope of green road project development operations in the metropolitan area, and inquire set various assessment indicators of the work to complete building the overall indicator assessment system. From research in a policy aspect, as well as data collection out of instances of project case, research program obtains evaluation index operation item, and by semistructured interviews supplements insufficient evaluation index items and particularity needs. Research results will be beneficial to the application in the metropolitan regional overall development project. Building green road index evaluation system helps to avoid the environmental impact brought about by land development, reduce damage to people's life safety as a consequence from needs for road maintenance, alleviate future maintenance and management expenses, and is in line with the expected benefit of green road project sustainable development.
CONSTRAINTS TO REPAIRS AND MAINTENANCE OF ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS IN TECHNICAL COLLEGES’ WORKSHOPS IN RIVERS STATE OF NIGERIA
Authors: Robinson Reagan
Published: May 2020

The study investigated constraints to repairs and maintenances of electronic systems in technical colleges’ workshops in Rivers State. The study adopted the survey research design. The population of the study was 342 persons comprised of 309 students and 33 teachers from the five technical colleges in Rivers State. A simple random sampling technique was used to obtain a sample size of 188 which comprises of 33 teachers and 155 students. A 10-item questionnaire was used to collect data. The questionnaire item was followed by a single response category based on a 5-point rating scale format of Very High Extent (VHE), High Extent (HE), Moderate Extent (ME), Low Extent (LE) and Very Low Extent (VLE). A test retest method was adapted to test the reliability of the instrument to obtain a coefficient of 0.65. The data gathered was analyzed using mean and z-test analysis to answer the research questions and hypothesis respectively. The study revealed that absence of technical skills of workshop attendants and motivation of technical instructors are constraints to repairs and maintenances of electronic systems in technical colleges’ workshops in Rivers State. Based on the findings, it was recommended among others that an electronic repairs and maintenance company should be established by government which will enable electronic students to enroll for practical internship quarterly.
Glass Ceiling Effect on Women Career Progression in Urban Pakistan
Authors: Imtiaz Rozina , Shaikh Sadia , Ain Syeda Qurat ul
Published: May 2020

Regardless of the notable increase in the women workforce worldwide, their advancement toward the senior managerial designations has remained limited. The obstruction for women to achieve senior-level positions due to gender discrimination is referred to the Glass Ceiling (GC) effect. Gender discrimination persists as a constant setback globally, but it has become an acute problem in developing countries. The key objective of this study is to investigate the glass ceiling effect on women career growth in urban Pakistan. Deductive approach is used to determine the variables which support the GC effect. A total of 150 questionnaires were distributed using random sampling technique among the female employees of Karachi, out of which 100 responded. Data is analyzed using descriptive statistics with the help of SPSS. The study concluded that urban working women are drained with family responsibilities, workload and gender discrimination at work, which eventually results in inefficiency and a high degree of stress. Study findings reveal that the strongest predictor that hinder Women Career Progression (WCP) is Gender Stereotype (GS), followed by Organizational Practices (OP), and the Work-life Conflict (WLC). Based on the study findings it is recommended that the organizations in Pakistan should inculcate equality, encourage diversity in the senior management, offer the women workforce flexible-job arrangements and maternity leaves, and provide day care facilities to the children, to balance the women work-life conflicts.
Supplier Selection Criteria in the Context of City Government: Evidence from Renowned Organizations of Karachi City
Authors: Sultan Muhammad Faisal , Hassan Masood , Khaskhelly Farhan Zeb
Published: May 2020

Supplier selection is one of the most important elements of the procurement process which has the ability to influence the performance of the entire supply chain management. Thus, it is considered as one of the major factors in the supply chain strategy in multinational organizations. Contrarily, least attention is given to the subject by the companies originated in Pakistan. Lack of research in this domain is also impairing this issue. Regardless of the importance of the supplier selection subject, the state-owned companies in Pakistan, are specifically, paying least concern towards it. Thus, the purpose of this study is to identify the importance of different factors of supplier selection, by the state-owned enterprises working under the city government of Karachi. In order to simplify the model, researchers predominantly focused on the generic criteria for supplier selection and further included some other variables like HSSE/ ISO policies and flexible contract terms to the research model. Moreover, moderation has also been used in order to replicate the model effectively with the scenario of Karachi. After adoption of the generic model of supplier selection, Hayes model has been used for the analysis of data. The study findings reveal that the organization working under the City Government of Karachi have different criteria and preferences for supplier selection. Hence the research is pervasive in nature and can be adopted by policy makers and technocrats in order to improve the supplier selection process of state-owned enterprises.
The Impact of Corporate Reputation On Building Brand Equity: A Perspective Of Multinationals FMCGs
Authors: Shahani Akram Khan , Khoso Imamuddin , Abbasi Muhammad Sharif
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this study is to generate a model to examine the relationships between corporate reputation and brand equity in a study of multinational firms operating within Pakistan. This research employs a quantitative approach to examine the hypothetical relationships presented in the conceptual framework. The data was collected from a sample of the assistant, deputy, and senior managers from various multinational firms of different origins having either manufacturing or operational concerns throughout Pakistan. The hypotheses testing suggests that the proposed model achieved an acceptable fit with the data (i.e., out of six hypotheses, five hypotheses were significantly accepted). The study has limitations in generalization, in terms of the survey questionnaire, the targeted audience (employees of the firms) and multi-national firms’ context. It was concluded that there is a significant impact of corporate reputation in building a firm’s overall brand equity. However, the magnitude of the impact of reputation over brand equity is subject to the choice of particular uses of corporate reputation. The study contributes to the corporate reputation literature in the area of brand management for multinational firms, particularly fast-moving-consumer-good (FMCG) firms existing in Pakistan.
A Petroleum Leakage Detection System
Authors: S.O Salami , O.O Green , Ibitoye Akinrinlola
Published: May 2020

This paper presents report of a design work on petroleum leakage detectionsystem. It is a system that is designed to monitor seepage of petroleumproducts across pipeline installations. The design work which was simulated on a PROTEUS software, consists of a gas detecting sensor (GH-312),an 8-bit (AT89C51) Microcontroller, an alarm system and a remote PC. Itwas implemented as a laboratory prototype to sense seepages, generate analarm and also send an alert message to a PC at remote location. Testing ofthe prototype was carried out in the laboratory using methane gas which is acomponent gas contained in petroleum products. Result shows an actuatedalarm (upon the release of gas from test tube) and an instant alert messageon the PC.
A Study On the Structural Dimension of Middle class Relational Identification in Chinese Context
Authors: SU Yunxia , Sun Minggui
Published: May 2020

Through in-depth interviews，this study makes an exploratory study on the dimension of the middle class relational identification in Chinese context by using the grounded theory. It is mainly composed of 4 dimensions: relational orientation，relational adaptation，relational evaluation and relational development. According to the four dimension model of middle class relational identification，the middle class relational identification in China is the cognitive and behavioral orientation that in the action of achieving a certain purpose，because of the perception of consistence with each other in role cognition and personal cognition，the middle class is willing to unite and trust，respect and understand and coordinate the conflict to adapt to this relationship，and then to form a positive evaluation of the relationship and a sense of belonging and commitment to this relationship. The construction of the structural dimension of middle class relational identification in China is conducive to explaining the endemic phenomena of Chinese middle class.
Regional Economic Vitality Based on Weighted Grey Relational Analysis
Authors: Liu Yi , You Xiaoyu , Zhang Chunshuo
Published: May 2020

Abstract: The future development of cities has a great relationship with economic vitality. To determine the size of the economic vitality and its main influencing factors. This article takes some cities in China as examples. First, determine the main factors. Aiming at many factors, this paper starts from the perspective of population changes in different cities and changes in corporate vitality. After applying the rough set theory to objectively evaluate index weights, the main factors are screened out. Then, the weights of the corresponding evaluation indexes of each group of cities are calculated by a multiple linear regression to a weighted index system, and then the cities are ranked using the gray correlation analysis method. Finally, we get the ranking of the economic vitality level of different cities. Finally, suggestions are made based on the weighting factors of major factors and economic vitality.
The ‘Psychology’ of Polygraph’: Engendering Differential Salience - Concerns and Caveats
Authors: Herbig Friedo
Published: May 2020

The ‘success’ of a polygraph examination is predicated on the establishment of differential or emotional salience (a ‘psychological set’) with an examinee. This, according to polygraph proponents, guarantees that an examinee will respond appropriately during the administration of the in-test (questioning) phase of the polygraph examination. However, polygraph procedure, as prescribed by its governing body, the American Polygraph Association (APA), is a static clinical Westernised process that does not make any provision for human multiplicity (culture/ethnicity, idiosyncrasies, level of education, language proficiency, ideologies, and so forth). Identical (one size fits all) test procedures are applied across the board – a highly controversial methodology. This article, instead of rigidly focusing on validity and reliability issues per se, explores the degree to which certain intentional and unintentional human behaviour modification strategies have the potential to counterbalance claimed polygraph rectitude from a metaphysical and discursive standpoint. The article exposes concerns (potential flaws) relating to polygraph theory in the context of the ‘psychological set’ and is intended to serve as a caveat regarding the unmitigated use thereof.
Effects of Polypyrrole/Graphene Oxide Composites with Different Reaction Times on Electrochemical Performance
Authors: Feng Minzhen , Lu Wei , Zhen Ranran , Wang Ya , Zhou Yun
Published: May 2020

Graphene oxide (GO) was prepared using the modified Hummers method and used as a template for polypyrrole. Polypyrrole was polymerized in situ on the surface of GO to finally obtain the polypyrrole/graphene oxide composite material. The effects of different reaction times on the electrochemical performance of polypyrrole/graphene oxide in the second step were studied. It was obtained that the composite material had optimal properties when the reaction time was 24 h.
Penerapan Metode Moora Pada Penilaian Kinerja Tenaga Pegawai Honorer Pada Dinas Ketenagakerjaan
Authors: Purba Juni Irna , Safii Muhammad , Parlina Iin
Published: May 2020

The performance assessment of honorary staff at the Manpower Office was conducted on 7 employees. Aiming to carry out performance appraisals in order to help the office or agency to be able to determine the appropriate employees to be elected if there is an appointment that is carried out once in 4 years, then it is carried out for the assessment of the performance of honorary employees. Then we need a system that can help make a decision to assess the performance of honorary staff as a reasonable basis for 4 years in the future to be able to submit an appointment file based on the criteria and the weight value of each predetermined criterion such as, 35% Attendance, 20% Work Quality, Work Discipline 20%, Service 25%. So that the ranking results that have been processed using the MOORA algorithm, namely, A1: 0.4139 are eligible to be selected in the performance assessment of the highest number of honorary staff. And A3: 0.4103, A2: 0.4042 and so on.
Phyto-chemical and therapeutic briefing of Kigelia africana (Lam.) Benth
Authors: Gupta Asheesh Kumar , Jain Anurekha
Published: May 2020

The present study reveals the medicinal uses, chemical composition and examines recent investigations on the therapeutic activity of extracts and chemicals identified from Kigelia africana. The article also presents some of the functions of the chemicals present and attempt to emphasize and create an awareness of the great potential of Kigelia Africana. The present review highlights the plant profile, traditional uses as anticancer, antiulcer, anti-aging, antioxidant, and antimalarial and also as genital infections, gynaecological disorders, renal ailments, fainting, epilepsy, sickle-cell anaemia, psoriasis, eczema, central nervous system depression, respiratory ailment, leprosy, worm infestation, athlete’s foot, and various cosmetic preparations, etc., the chemical constituents such as iridoids, naphthaquinones, fatty acids, norviburtinal, sterols, lignans, terpenoid, and flavonoids, etc., and various pharmacological activities of K. Africana (Lam.) Benth. Examined by various modern scientific researches and from the results of some potent phytoconstituents, this plant has great potential to be developed as drug by pharmaceutical industries for medicinal uses after clinical trials are to be made.
IMPROVING STUDENTS’ OUTCOME USING GEOGEBRA INTERACTIVE MEDIA IN LEARNING DERIVATIVES
Authors: Lumbantobing Happy
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this research is to consider the benefit of applying GeoGebra interactive media to improve student achievement in learning derivatives. This study was experimental research using counterbalance design. The population of the study was four classes of grade XI students of SMA Negeri 3 Jayapura academic year 2018/2019 consisting of 122 students. Purposive sampling was applied in this study to get two experimental classes with the number of students were 22 and 26 respectively. In both experimental groups received the same treatment which were learning using GeoGebra interactive media and learning without using GeoGebra interactive media which applied orderly. This process was implemented four times at both classes interchangeably. The data of the study was collected from participant’s pretest and posttest at every learning treatment. Data was analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed test with the significance level (two-tailed) of 0.05. The result of the study shows that there are significant differences in learning outcomes of the two types of learning. The learning process which was designed using GeoGebra interactive media obtained the superior learning outcomes.
Pendidikan Islam sebagai Soko Guru Pendidikan Nasional Indonesia
Authors: Wekke Ismail Suardi
Published: May 2020

Artikel yang terbit di Gowa Terkini. Artikel opini dalam rangka Hari Pendidikan Nasional.
Corals as canaries in the coalmine: towards the incorporation of marine ecosystems into the ‘One Health’ concept
Authors: Sweet Michael , Bulling Mark , Burian Alfred
Published: May 2020

‘One World – One Health’ is a developing concept which aims to explicitly incorporate linkages between the environment and human society in order to facilitate optimising aspects of health. Historically, work has concentrated on aspects of disease, in particular on emerging zoonoses, with a focus on terrestrial systems. Here we argue that the marine environment is a crucial component of the ‘One World – One Health’ framework, and that coral reefs are the epitome of its underlying philosophy, providing vast contributions to a wide range of ecosystem services with strong and direct links to human society. Further, the sensitivity of corals to climate change, and the current emergence of a wide range of diseases, make coral reefs ideal systems for studying in order to develop our understanding of the links, impacts, and feedback mechanisms that can affect human and ecosystem health. There are well established protocols for monitoring corals and global networks of researchers, but there are substantial challenges in studying these ecosystems. We explore these challenges and conclude with a look at how developing technology offers ways of addressing them in the future. A greater integration of coral reef research into the ‘One World – One Health’ framework will enrich our understanding of the complex links within and between ecosystems and human society, supporting the development of measures for improving the health of both humans and the environment.
Pendidikan Jasmani dan Olahraga Bola Voli
Authors: Salsabila Annisa
Published: May 2020

Voli adalah olahraga permainan yang dimainkan oleh dua grup berlawanan. masing-masing 6 orang pemain. terdapat pula bola voli pantai yang masing-masing hanya memiliki 2 orang pemain. permainan ini menggunakan sebuah bola yang kita sebut bola voli.Permainan bola voli pertama kali muncul Pada tahun 1895 oleh William C. Morgan, seorang direktur YMCA di Holyke, Massachusetts, menemukan sebuah permainan bernama mintonette dalam usahanya memenuhi keinginan para pengusaha lokal yang menganggap permainan bola basket terlalu menghabiskan tenaga dan kurang menyenangkan. Permainan ini cepat menarik perhatian karena hanya membutuhkan sedikit ketrampilan dasar, mudah dikuasai dalam jangka waktu latihan yang singkat, dan dapat dilakukan oleh pemain dengan berbagai tingkat kebugaran.
A perspective Study on oral-fecal transmission of COVID-19, its Prevention and Management
Authors: Abdullah
Published: May 2020

The novel coronavirus outbreak arose in Wuhan, China in Dec, 2019. It is declared the 6th public health emergency by the WHO and named as COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 is nonsegmented positive sense ssRNA virus, belongs to the Coronaviridae under the Nidovirales and spread largely in human being and other mammals. Person to person, airborne and surface transmission is common, the virus get entered to host through nose, mouth, eyes, food, water and feces. An infected patients can transmit the virus to 2.2 healthy individuals. A patient in the US showed gastrointestinal symptoms vomiting, nausea and pass loose stools. Later the patient declared positive for SARS-CoV2 on the basis of viral detection in stools and respiratory samples. The gastrointestinal symptoms like diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort and detection of SARS-CoV-2 in stools of infected and recovered patients indicates potential oral fecal transmission route, it could be a potential risk for the spread of COVID-19. The flatus is gas produced by aerophagia or bacterial fermentation in intestine and expelled out through esophagus or anus. It comprises Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Carbon dioxide and Methane, their percentage composition is 99%. Previous study showed that bacteria can transmit through bare bottom farting. The gastrointestinal manifestation and possible oral-fecal transmission, the flatulence could be the risk of transmission for COVID-19. We must adapt personal hygiene to prevent the spread of disease.
Evidence for a Multimodal Lombard Effect: Speakers modulate not only speech but also gesture to overcome noise
Authors: Trujillo James , Asli  , Holler Judith , Drijvers Linda
Published: May 2020

In everyday conversation, we are often challenged with communicating in non-ideal settings, such as in noise. Increased speech intensity and larger mouth movements are used to overcome noise in constrained settings (the Lombard effect). How we adapt to noise in face-to-face interaction, the natural environment of human language use, where manual gestures are ubiquitous, is currently unknown. We asked Dutch adults to wear headphones with varying levels of multi-talker babble while attempting to communicate action verbs to one another. Using quantitative motion capture and acoustic analyses, we found that 1) noise is associated with increased speech intensity and enhanced gesture kinematics and mouth movements, and 2) acoustic modulation only occurs when gestures are not present, while kinematic modulation occurs regardless of co-occurring speech. Thus, in face-to-face encounters the Lombard effect is not constrained to speech but is a multimodal phenomenon where the visual channel carries most of the communicative burden.
The Neuroscience of Moral Judgment: Empirical and Philosophical Developments
Authors: May Joshua , Workman Clifford Ian , Han Hyemin , Haas Julia
Published: May 2020

We chart how neuroscience and philosophy have together advanced our understanding of moral judgment with implications for when it goes well or poorly. The field initially focused on brain areas associated with reason versus emotion in the moral evaluations of sacrificial dilemmas. But new threads of research have studied a wider range of moral evaluations and how they relate to models of brain development and learning. By weaving these threads together, we are developing a better understanding of the neurobiology of moral judgment in adulthood and to some extent in childhood and adolescence. Combined with rigorous evidence from psychology and careful philosophical analysis, neuroscientific evidence can even help shed light on the extent of moral knowledge and on ways to promote healthy moral development.
Challenging social systems under the threat of pollution: Replication and extension of Eadeh and Chang (2019)
Authors: Pieper Dylan
Published: May 2020

I replicated and extended Eadeh and Chang (2019; Study 2) who found that reading a story about pollution harming a child increased self-reported liberalism and increased support for environmental regulation policies through greater negative affect (i.e., anger and disgust). Online participants (n = 429) read a story about pollution, which increased liberal attitudes and collective action through disgust and anger (for more conservative individuals) and empathy (for more liberal individuals) and decreased liberal attitudes through fear (for more liberal–moderate individuals). Empathy also moderated negative affect, and system-level cognition and political orientation further mediated the effect of environmental threat on liberal responses. Unexpectedly, the direct effect of environmental threat increased conservative political orientation and failed to shift political attitudes; thus, we only partially replicated Eadeh and Chang (2019, Study 2). I discuss explanations for the inconsistent results and the role of affect and cognition in predicting political attitude shifts to perceived threat.
PONE-D-20-12336. Time and Covid-19 stress in the lockdown situation: Time Free, Dying of Boredom and Sadness
Authors: Droit-Volet Sylvie , GIL Sandrine , Martinelli Natalia , Andant Nicolas , Clinchamps Maélys , Parreira Lénise , Rouffiac Karine , Dambrun Michaël , Huguet Pascal , Dubuis Benoît , Pereira Bruno , Bouillon Jean-Baptiste , Dutheil Frederic
Published: May 2020

A lockdown of people has been used as an efficient public health measure to fight against the exponential spread of the coronavirus disease (Covid-19) and allows the health system to manage the number of patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of both perceived stress aroused by Covid-19 and of emotions triggered by the lockdown situation on the individual experience of time. A large sample of the French population responded to a survey on their time experience during the lockdown compared to before the lockdown. The perceived stress resulting from Covid-19 and stress at work and home were also assessed, as were the emotions felt. The results showed that people have experienced a slowing down of time during the lockdown. This time experience was not explained by the levels of perceived stress or anxiety, although these were considerable, but rather by the increase in boredom and sadness felt in the lockdown situation. The increased anger and fear of death only explained a small part of variance in the time judgment. The conscious experience of time therefore reflected the psychological difficulties experienced during lockdown and was not related to their perceived level of stress or anxiety.
Knowledge of COVID-19 Symptoms and Prevention among Pakistani Adults: A Cross-sectional Descriptive Study
Authors: Malik Sadia
Published: May 2020

This study encompasses the knowledge of pakistani adult population about the symptoms and prevention of COVID-19 symptoms. The findings revealed that overall, 174 (87%) participants knew about COVID-19; 170 (85 %) believed that the disease is dangerous for elderly or already sick people, and 134(67%) thought that they know about the symptoms 144 (97 %) male and 63 (33 %) were female were aware about the common symptoms of COVID-19 such as fever, cough and tiredness. The current study concluded that there is still a need to improve the awareness of people regarding the symptoms and seriousness of the disease so that people take preventive measure to protect themselves and rapid transmission of the disease could be controlled.
Rhomboid excision and Limberg flap operation for managing pilonidal sinus: our experience at Patan Hospital, Patan Academy of Health Sciences
Authors: Paudyal Sanjaya , Maharjan Shanta Bir , Giri Niraj , K.C. Samayukta
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Pilonidal sinus is a common disease. Various surgical techniques for management of sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus have been described. Among them, the most commonly used is the rhomboid excision with the Limberg flap. With this technique of flattening the natal cleft and tension-free repair is made using a wide, well-vascularized flap. It is reported the best treatment methods, with 0-16 % of surgical area-related complications and a recurrence rate of 0-5 %. We conducted a study to evaluate the patient’s profile and outcomes of the patients of pilonidal sinus treated with rhomboid excision and Limberg flap reconstruction at our center.

Methods: Data were recorded retrospectively by reviewing the charts of patients who underwent rhomboid excision and Limberg flap operation for sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus from September 2015 to September 2019.

Results: Thirty-four patients were included in the study. Twenty-nine (85.4%) were males and 5 (14.7%) were females. The mean age was 25.29 years (range 17-40 years). Mean hospital stay was 4.5 days (range 3 – 7 days. Nine (26.5%) patients had surgical site infections. Two patients (5.9%) had a recurrence.

Conclusion: Limberg flap for reconstruction after rhomboid excision of pilonidal sinus is an effective and feasible technique with good outcome.
Alive leech in the airway: a case report
Authors: Sapkota Ranjan , Bhatta Subash
Published: May 2020

Airway foreign bodies are common problems in children. However, they can also occur in adults, albeit less commonly. These are usually inanimate objects but sometimes, animate objects may also be ‘inhaled’, and these can rarely include live creatures! In this report, we discuss an interesting case of a live leech in the airway that we managed in our center.
Role of Rehabilitation Center to Reduce Drug Abuse in Reference to Birendranagar Valley
Authors: Pathak Dhanush Chandra , Saxena Shalini
Published: May 2020

The substance that changes the physical, psychological and emotional function of individual is called drug. Any one may abuse drug to feel good, forget stress, and avoid reality. Drug abuse or substance abuse means using a drug for the purpose of creating pleasurable effects on the brain.

A place where people of drug addiction are treated is called rehabilitation Centre. The core objective of this study is to find out the roles of rehabilitation center to reduce drug using habit of drug abusers who are undergoing for treatment in rehabilitation center. Mixed research method was used to analyze the data from 40 male respondents of Benevolence Rehabilitation Center, Surkhet. Birendranagar valley of Nepal. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the respondents. Frequency table was used to analyze the quantitative data. Roles and services of rehabilitation center had covered the different activities practices in rehabilitation center. It had covered the counseling, vocational training, meditation, realization programme, job opportunity, acceptance, programme, sympathy.
The Role of Tourism for Employment Generation in Nepal
Authors: Bhandari Lila Raj
Published: May 2020

This study explores the contribution of tourism for employment generation that is also a major part of individual as well as national income. This is a strong pillar of the national income that may promote and upgrade the economic level of the citizens through service sectors. On the basis of secondary sources, this study has been analyzed the trend of employment generation due to tourism industry in government and private levels. Tourism industry helps not only for government level employment like: in Ministry of Tourism (MOT), Nepal Tourism Board (NTB) and Tourism Information Center (TIC) but it supports to the private sectors such as : Star Hotels, Tourist Standard Hotels (TSH), Home Stay (private and community),Tracking Agency, Travel Agency, Rafting Agency, International Airlines, Domestic Airlines, Paragliding, Tourist Transportation, and others( Porter, Guide, cook, Ultra-light) also. Descriptive research design, quantitative research method and average sampling have been applied in this research for proper analysis because of its nature. Secondary data of a decade have been selected and analyzed during this research. Under the guidance of economic growth model, development theory associates with Adam Smith, David Ricardo, Malthus, Karl Marx, and Rostow, has been applied. This study has moreover shown that the trend of employment in tourism sector has been increasing drastically during a decade which has been supported by table no 1, 2 and 3. Analyzing secondary data which was collected during the period of 2008/09 to 2017/18, this study has concluded that inadequate infrastructure, inadequate promoting activities and regularity mechanism, political unrest, lack of skilled human resources and unhealthy competition among tourism establishments were some major barriers faced by the tourism sector for employment generation. This study suggested that the government should develop tourism infrastructure including road, electricity and communication, and tourism promoting activities in government and non-government organizations. There is also an urgent need to invest more on improving hospitality skill of employees for quality tourism in Nepal.
Analysis of 6Li+16O elastic scattering using different potentials
Authors: Hamada Sh. , Alshahrani B. , Elrahman Elgamala Abd , Darwish N. , Bondouk I. , Ibraheem Awad A.
Published: May 2020

Available experimental angular distributions for 6Li elastically scattered from 16O nucleus in the energy range 13.0–50.0 MeV are reanalyzed within the framework of optical potential, double folding optical potential as well as cluster folding potential. Special interest was paid to the cluster folding based on the well-known cluster structure of 6Li. Elastic scattering data for 6Li+16O system plotted as a function of momentum transfer showed that the real Coulomb nuclear interference region independent of the bombarding energy. This structural behavior for the data could be used to define the interaction potential with some certainty and to extract reliable values for the renormalization factors.
Gamow-Teller strengths of some sd-shell nuclei in the shell model framework
Authors: Obaid S. M. , Tawfeek H. M.
Published: May 2020

The nuclear Gamow-Teller (GT) transition strength distributions B(GT)have been studied for some sd-shell nuclei in the (3He, t) charge-exchangereactions. The shell model calculations were performed by employing theUSDA and USDB effective interactions in the sd-model space. The results of B(GT) calculations reproduce the the experimental Gamow-Tellerstrength distributions well, while the calculated distribution of summedGT transition strengths were closely reproduce the observed ones.
The role of noisy channels in quantum teleportation
Authors: Ahadpour S. , Mirmasoudi F.
Published: May 2020

In quantum information theory, effects of quantum noise on teleportation are undeniable. Hence,we investigate the effect of noisy channels including amplitude damping, phase damping, depolarizing and phase ip on the teleported state between Alice and Bob where they share an entangled state by using atom-eld interaction state. We analyze the delity and quantum correlations as a function of decoherence rates and time scale of a state to be teleported. We observe that the average delityand quantum correlations accurately depend on types of noise acting on quantum channels. It is found that atom-eld interaction states are affected by amplitude damping channel are more useful for teleportation than when the shared qubites are affected by noisy channels such as AD channel and phase ip. We also observe that if the quantum channels is subject to phase ip noise, the average delity reproduces initial quantum correlations to possible values. On the other hand,not only all the noisy quantum channels do not always destroy average delity but also they can yield the highest delity in noisy conditions. In the current demonstration, our results provide that the average delity can have larger than 2/3 in front of the noise of named other channels with increasing decoherenc strength. Success in quantum states transfer in the present noise establishes the important of studing noisy channels.
Penser avec Rawls contre Rawls
Authors: Mestiri Soumaya
Published: May 2020

Que reste-t-il de Rawls aujourd’hui ? L’on est en droit de se poser la question, au regard de la faillite relative d’un certain nombre de requisits du libéralisme procédural en général, et du libéralisme politique en particulier. Mais la pensée rawslsienne ne se laisse pas aisément disqualifier. Le propos de la présente contribution est précisément de s’interroger sur la manière dont pourrait être appréhendé l’héritage de Rawls aujourd’hui, via notamment l’idée d’un post post-rawlsianisme qui fonctionnerait comme intégrateur critique.
La démocratie et la raison : les exigences cognitives et morales de la justification publique sont-elles excessives ?
Authors: Audard Catherine
Published: May 2020

Un consensus politique est-il possible sans intervention de la force ou de la persuasion, sur la seule base de la raison ? La réponse de John Rawls dans Libéralisme politique est celle de l’abstinence épistémique. En renonçant à faire intervenir le Vrai, mais seulement le Raisonnable, en mobilisant des raisons publiques et non des croyances personnelles ou collectives, il serait possible d’arbitrer les conflits politiques et de stabiliser les institutions démocratiques sans intervention de la force. Mais cette solution a suscité de nombreuses critiques et, un peu à la manière du « patriotisme constitutionnel » défendu par Habermas, elle semble une base trop pauvre pour protéger le consensus démocratique contre ses ennemis. Surtout cette démarche exige des compétences cognitives et morales excessives. Après avoir analysé les conditions de possibilité de l’abstinence épistémique, je répondrai à trois séries d’objections et je conclurai qu’autant que de compétences cognitives et morales, la justification publique a besoin d’un espace public vraiment démocratique et pluraliste. C’est une question sociale et politique tout autant que cognitive ou morale.