bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Covid-19 and Economics Forecasting on Advanced and Emerging Countries
Authors: Ramírez García Abraham , Jiménez Preciado Ana Lorena
Published: December 2020

Objective: To estimate the size and the dynamics of the coronavirus (covid-19) pandemic in Advanced, Emerging, and Developing Economies, and to determine its implications for economic growth.
Methodology: A susceptible Infected Recovered (sir) model is implemented, we calculate the size of the pandemic through numerical integration and phase diagrams for covid-19 trajectory; finally, we use ensemble models (random forest) to forecast economic growth.
Results: We confirm that there are differences in pandemic spread and size among countries; likewise, the trajectories show a long-term spiral cycle. Economic recovery is expected to be slow and gradual for most of the economies.
Limitations: All countries differ in covid-19 test applications, which could lead to inaccurate total confirmed cases and an imprecise estimate of the pandemic’s spread and size. In addition, there is a lack of leading indicators in some countries, generating a higher mse of some machine learning models.
Originality: To implement economic-epidemiological models to analyze the evolution and virus’ spreading throughout time.
Conclusions: It is found the pandemic’s final size to be between 74-77%. Likewise, it is demonstrated that covid-19 is endemic, with a constant prevalence of 9 years on average. The spread of the pandemic has caused countries to self-induce in an unprecedented recession with a slow recovery.
MACROECONOMIA, HABITAÇÃO E DESENVOLVIMENTO REGIONAL: O COMPLEXO MULTIMODAL ALUÍZIO CAMPOS EM CAMPINA GRANDE-PB
Authors: Mota Leonardo De Araujo e , Cavalcanti Anselmo Ronsard
Published: December 2020

Um dos desafios das políticas públicas no Brasil é gerir o processo habitacional dentro de um contexto de uma urbanização acelerada. Campina Grande passou a enfrentar essa conjuntura com os condomínios populares, projetados pelo extinto Banco Nacional de Habitação (BNH) e, posteriormente, pelo Programa Minha Casa, Minha Vida (PMCMV). O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a fase inicial da implantação do conjunto habitacional localizado no interior do Complexo Multimodal Aluízio Campos (CMAC), com 4.100 unidades habitacionais, em Campina Grande-PB. A pesquisa ancorou-se no plano-projeto do Complexo com suas informações básicas e também pesquisa etnográfica com visitação in loco, coleta de registros fotográficos e entrevistas semiestruturadas com gestores do projeto e indivíduos sorteados com as residências.
ANÁLISE DAS DEMONSTRAÇÕES CONTÁBEIS DE PARTIDOS POLÍTICOS
Authors: Queiroz Rosilania Silva de , Almeida Cássio Rodrigo Da Costa , Oliveira Adriana Martins de , Valdevino Rosângela Queiroz Souza
Published: December 2020

A análise das demonstrações contábeis pode ser utilizada como ferramenta gerencial nas organizações, independentemente de sua área de atuação, inclusive as do terceiro setor, como os partidos políticos. Dessa forma, o estudo objetivou analisar como os indicadores econômico-financeiros de partidos políticos poderiam indicar se houve evolução nos aspectos econômicos e financeiros dessas entidades. A metodologia adotada foi de natureza descritiva e documental, com abordagem qualitativa, do qual foram analisados os Balanços Patrimoniais e Demonstrações do Resultado dos Exercícios dos 5 partidos com maior representatividade na câmara federal antes das eleições de 2018, entre os períodos de 2013 a 2017. Foram calculados os principais índices de liquidez, endividamento e rentabilidade, assim como as análises horizontais e verticais. Diante dos resultados obtidos, pode-se observar que o Partido Progressista (PP), Partido da República (PR) e Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT) evoluíram nos aspectos econômico-financeiros, aumentando de forma considerável seus recursos. Enquanto o Partido Socialista Brasileiro (PSB) conseguiu sair de um quadro deficitário para uma situação superavitária, ainda que de forma pouco expressiva e o Partido Social Democrático (PSD) foi o único que não cresceu, ocorrendo leve redução de seus recursos ao longo dos exercícios estudados. Dessa forma foi possível identificar a relevância na aplicação dos indicadores econômicos, como forma de analisar as atividades da administração e seus resultados financeiros alcançados.
Innovative Learning Technology (ILT) in Indonesian Vocational Higher Education
Authors: Basri Muhammad , Patak Andi Anto , Musdariah Andi , Abduh Amirullah
Published: December 2020

This paper aimed to find out the students’ perspective on Innovative Learning Technology (ILT) usage in Indonesian Vocational Higher Education. The researchers administered an online questionnaire to thirty-eight students of Business English class. Data were analyzed descriptively. The results of this study showed that students perceived the ILT integration, ILT skill, and ILT usefulness.  This study also found the ILT type preferred by the lecturers and devices (mobile hotspots or campus Wi-Fi hotspot) used mostly by the students to access the ILT.  This study recommends the vocational higher education to improve ILT facilities for enhancing the quality of learning. The utilization of innovative learning technology for education, mainly learning English, has become a necessity to implement. Various innovative learning technology applications properly utilized optimally for educational purposes. The use of innovative learning technology for education can be carried out in multiple forms accordingly to its function. Although innovative learning technology is essential, the value of interpersonal relationships in the learning process of English is at the center of that experience. However, face-to-face sessions are precious. Learning methods that integrate independent and student-centered learning while being supervised by teachers have proven to help support and motivate students in achieving their goals in learning English.
Non-dominated Sorting Harris’s Hawk Multi-Objective Optimizer based on the Flush-and-Ambush Tactic
Authors: Yasear Shaymah Akram , Ku-Mahamud Ku Ruhana
Published: December 2020

In this paper, a new population update strategy is proposed to overcome the limitations of the non-dominated sorting Harris’s hawk multi-objective optimizer (NDSHHMO) algorithm. In the NDSHHMO algorithm, the population of hawks is updated based on the average positions of the first three best solutions in the search space. This update strategy leads to the algorithm falling into local optima due to population diversity loss, which causes poor convergence toward the true Pareto front. The proposed population update strategy is inspired by the flush-and-ambush (FA) tactic employed by the Harris’s hawks in nature. The proposed algorithm is called non-dominated sorting Harris’s hawks’ multi-objective optimizer based on the flush-and-ambush tactic (FA-NDSHHMO). The population update strategy in the FA-NDSHHMO includes two main stages, namely, updating the position of hawks using proposed flush-and-ambush movement strategy and selecting the best hawks by using a non-dominated sorting approach to be used in the next generation. The proposed population update strategy aims to improve the search ability of the algorithm, in terms of the diversity of a non-dominated solution and convergence toward the Pareto front. To evaluate the performance of the FA-NDSHHMO algorithm, a set of 10 multi-objective optimization problems has been used. The obtained results show that the new population update strategy has improved the search ability of the FA-NDSHHMO. Furthermore, the results show superiority of the FA-NDSHHMO algorithm compared to the NDSHHMO, multi-objective grasshopper and grey wolf optimization algorithms.
Application of UAV in Rip Current Investigations
Authors: NN Pujianiki , ING Antara , IGRM Temaja , IGDY Partama , T Osawa
Published: December 2020

Cases of people dying from being swept away on the beach have been widely published on Bali news; this is because not many people know the dangers of rip currents on the beach. Lack of public knowledge about rip currents is caused by a lack of socialization and warning signs of rip currents on the beach. Rip currents are back currents formed by currents coming perpendicular to the shoreline and meeting the curved shoreline. This current can drag someone who is swimming out to sea. In this study, the existence of rip currents was investigated using aerial photographs or UAVs. The observation location was taken in an area that is often used by the Balinese Hindu community to carry out the Ngaben ceremony process. The UAV device was prepared to observe the rip current and measure its speed. Dye Tracer Test was also conducted to observe the movement of rip currents visually. Rip currents are characterized by calmness between rows of breaking waves. The average rip current speed is 0,29 m/s can also be determined by observing the UAV. The speed of this current is influenced by wave energy that propagates to the beach. The difference in bathymetry causes variations in wave height along the beach, and the rip current causes this. The results of this study can be used as an early warning system for people who carry out activities on the beach.
Institutional Coordination of the Multimodal Logistic Transportation Systems at Tanjung Priok Port, Indonesia
Authors: Budisiswanto N. , Miharja M. , Kombaitan B. , Pradono P.
Published: December 2020

The improvement of multimodal logistics transportation systems in developed countries has been developing rapidly to reduce transaction costs and increase competitiveness. However, the development of the multimodal logistic transportation system in Indonesia is still relatively slow. This study aims to assess the multimodal transportation institutional coordination of the multimodal logistics transportation system at Tanjung Priok Port. Institutional coordination analysis was assessed from the Transaction Cost Theory and Principal-Agent Theory (PAT) perspectives. Stakeholder Analysis and Q-methodology are chosen as an analysis tool based on the two theories above. Q-Methodology produces a simpler structure of actor perception called actor perception pattern (PP). The perception pattern represents several actors' main perception themes, which would help the analysis focus on the most significant perceptual themes regarding substantial elements of transaction costs. Stakeholder's analysis explains further the results of Q-methodology by mapping the actor, influence, urgency, and importance. This study found that the actor's perception, which is an element of transaction costs, has hampered the coordination in the logistics transport system at Tanjung Priok port due to conflict of interest and adverse selection of informal institutions. This situation becomes more complicated since a specific institution does not yet cover the coordination between actors in multimodal transportation. Therefore, the study suggests establishing the permanent institution as a coordination and management agency to facilitate the strategic concept of relational contracts in the long term, which is expected to expand and deepen institutional coordination.
Sustainability Approach of Site Selection for Renewables Deployment in Indonesian Rural Electrical Grids
Authors: Sitompul Rislima F. , Sinaga Daniel A. Prima
Published: December 2020

As Indonesia works up efforts to increase renewables penetration and inequality of electrification ratio across the country, rural electrical grids are growing in popularity. However, there are some uncertainties of its development in a rural area, especially in deploying resources and forming guidance for site selection. The complexity of many aspects that incorporate and impact many stakeholders must be considered to develop a sustainable energy project. A sustainability framework that assesses a site's qualification for renewables electrification project is created to address these concerns. This study has resulted in a framework for site selection by considering the primary stakeholders' inclusiveness with holistic assessment in technical, economic, environmental, and social aspects. The inclusion of different perspectives and different elements in this study creates the robustness of the sustainability framework. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) studies may support the framework to understand the project's benefit towards a better environment. Willingness-to-pay-approach can help the community take ownership of the mini-grid instead of imposing it upon them a foreign solution. This holistic framework may still need to be evaluated in its application concerning the existing constraints and limited resources. Studies of regulation, policy, and incentives can support the implementation of such a systematic sustainability framework. Nevertheless, implementing this framework helps encourage policymakers, developers, communities, and energy service companies to understand better and accomplish further sustainable development.
Purification of Sugarcane Juice (Saccharum officinarum L.) Using Chitosan Membrane with Dead-End Flow System
Authors: Hendrawan Yusuf , Diyaratnasari Ayu , Sutan Sandra Malin , Rachmawati Muchnuria , Wibisono Yusuf
Published: December 2020

The purification process of sugarcane juice in a sugar factory mostly uses sulphitation process, separating clear juice from dirty juice using a sedimentation system. Impurities on the processing of sugarcane juice will further cause difficulties, the formation of color, an increase in viscosity, and reducing sugar recovery. Membrane purification technology is offered to overcome these problems. This study aims to determine the effect of chitosan and acetic acid on the performance of chitosan membranes in the clearance of sugarcane juice and to find the best concentration of chitosan and acetic acid for the purification process of sugarcane juice. The filtration process was performed by using the chitosan membrane to process a clear sugarcane juice sample from the pretreatment result, which is assumed as clear juice product from sulphitation process in sugar factory. The results showed that (1) the result of pretreatment had the value from TSS (Total Soluble Solids) of 15.4%; turbidity of 82.33 NTU; and the ICUMSA (International Commission for Uniform Methods of Sugar Analysis) colour of 14970.02 IU. (2) After filtration using membrane, better quality of pretreatment clear sugarcane juice is obtained, characterized by increasing chitosan concentration at each acetic acid level, rejection value of TSS, turbidity, and ICUMSA colour. (3) The best treatment result based on Zeleny multiple attribute method is found in chitosan membrane with concentration of 4%, acetic acid concentration of 1.5% to inject TSS until reaching 12.64%, ICUMSA until reaching 9.89%, and rejection of turbidity until reaching 63.61%. Higher chitosan concentration caused small pore size of the membrane.
Development of a New Polymer Membrane: Polyvinylidene fluoride/Polyetherimide Blend Membrane
Authors: Kusumawati Nita , Santoso Agus Budi , Wibawa Setya Chendra , Setiarso Pirim , Muslim Supari
Published: December 2020

Porous polyetherimide (PEI)/polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) coated flat sheet membranes with different compositions and polyethene glycol (PEG) pyrogenic additives have been prepared by non-solvent induced phase separation for the separation of metal salts and sucrose. By using non-solvent induction phase separation (NIPS), it has succeeded in preparing new members of mixed matrix PVDF membrane with (i) asymmetry pore structure, (ii) porosity 7.19%-18.93%, (iii) pore size 0.196 nm-0.453 nm and (iv) mechanical strength 4262.04-24472.57 N/m2, (vi) permeability respectively of 500.48 L/m2.h.bar for C12H22O11; 642.94 L/m2.h.bar for NaCl; 623.64 L/m2.h.bar for MgCl2; 1060.39 L/m2.h.bar for CaCl2; and 1292.85 L/m2.h.bar for CuSO4. Specifically, increasing PEI levels up to 2(wt.%) - 8 (wt.%) has reduced overall porosity and pore size, thus having a specific impact on mechanical strength, pure water permeability (PWF) and the permeability of the feed solution. The opposite phenomenon is observed when the PEI level reaches 10 (wt.%) - 14 (wt.%). Furthermore, compared to pure PEI membranes, PVDF/PEI composite membranes were observed to have a higher resistance to acids and lower to bases. This condition applies in contrast to pure PVDF membranes. Despite having moderate chemical resistance, PEI/PVDF membranes have excellent characteristics and separation performance compared to pure membranes. This demonstrates its promising potential for separation of soluble metal salts and sucrose produced by various industrial processes compared to PVDF and PEI membranes.
An Integrated Model for Forecasting Indian Automobile
Authors: Subramanian Kayalvizhi , Othman Mohammad , Sokkalingam Rajalingam , Thangarasu Gunasekar , Kayalvizhi S.
Published: December 2020

The automobile industry is one of India’s main economic sectors. In recent decades India has attracted many global players in the automobile industry. The industry has significantly benefited from an increase in the paying capacity of the consumers. This has contributed to increased competition in the market. Given that the automobile industry is a very complex process, a tool to predict the future of automotive demand from the modeling point of view is needed because of its high level of complexity and uncertainty. This study aims to introduce a novel integrated model with a combination of Adaptive Multiplicative Triple Exponential Smoothing Holt-Winters (AHW) method and Backpropagation Neural Networks (BPNNs) to improve the likelihood of predicting automobile sales accurately. This study is subject to continue validating a model in real-world automobile selling data against existing methods. This model also incorporates the linear and non-linear characteristics of AHW and BPNN, respectively to form a synergistic model.  The proposed model has the higher capability to provide reasonable accuracy in forecasting future sales in terms of average prediction accuracy of 0.974637 than the existing methods namely BPNN 0.9483 and ANN 0.9275. For training and testing purposes, validation is done using the Indian automobile sales data. Finally, the regression fit shows that during the test stage in the car sales data for the period 2016-2017 and 2017-2018, the proposed integrated model is better than the conventional method.
Student Performance Based on Activity Log on Social Network and e-Learning
Authors: Agusriandi - , Sitanggang Imas Sukaesih , Wijaya Sony Hartono
Published: December 2020

Learning activities in social networks and e-learning platforms bring massive activity log in the database, making it challenging to measure students’ performance. Data mining technique and social network analysis provide some benefits in the field of education in discovering knowledge from hidden information of student’s activities on e-learning and social network environment. This study aims to identify dominant students on social network group based on centrality values and to analyze log data from the activities on e-learning using process mining technique. Centrality value was measured by analyzing data quality or data pre-processing, creating the network, measuring the network, and highlighting degrees and layouts. The process mining technique included data pre-processing, discovering process, and conformance checking. This study found that dominant students were identified from a high hub score and authority. This study also found a free-rider student. The presence of dominant students and free-riders made the collaboration of social network group are weak. This study also found that student performance on e-learning has been discovered where the student’s activity, namely, the course module viewed and course viewed, were more frequent than other activities. On the other hand, an optimum fitness value was obtained, i.e., 0.94 on all the processes of e-learning. This study provides insights that can be used to improve student collaboration and to enhance online learning activities.
Parameter Optimization of Rainfall-runoff Model GR4J using Particle Swarm Optimization on Planting Calendar
Authors: Aufar Yazid , Sitanggang Imas Sukaesih , Annisa -
Published: December 2020

Challenges in food production in the future are certainly more complex in developing countries like Indonesia. The Agricultural Research and Development Agency developed an Integrated Planting Calendar (Katam) information system to decide the water discharge for rice planting time using rainfall-runoff modeling called GR4J (Genie Rural a four parameters Journalier). This study aims to improve the accuracy of the GR4J model for determining water discharge in an area. The study areas in this study were the Progo Watershed and the Wuryantoro Watershed. The GR4J model is measured based on four free parameters in the form of Maximum Capacity Production Store (X1), Coefficient Changes in Groundwater (X2), Maximum Capacity Routing Store (X3), and Peak Time Ordinate unit hydrograph (X4). The four parameters are optimized using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). This study shows that the parameter optimization of the GR4J model with PSO was successfully carried out. As a determinant of the model's success, the Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) equation and the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) is used. We have found that NSE is increasing and RMSE decreases in RMSE in each watershed after using PSO optimization. The area affects the accuracy of the GR4J model. The smaller the area, the more it can show the characteristics of a watershed. Using the PSO algorithm in the GR4J model will be more effective than using manual or trial methods based on expert knowledge because it can achieve optimization quickly.
Integrated Models of Non-Permanent Information Warfare
Authors: Chilachava Temur , Karalashvili Liana , Kereselidze Nugzar
Published: December 2020

In the paper, a new Integrated Mathematical Model of Information warfare is built. In the suggested model, by selecting continuous intensity coefficients of aggressiveness of the conflicting parties and the peacemaking activity of a third party, it is possible to describe the process of Non-Permanent Information Warfare with restrictions. The Non-Permanence of Information Warfare is due to an increase in the information confrontation between the two sides over a certain period. In the modeling, Non-Permanent Information Warfare has highlighted a particular boundary value problem. The existence of the solution of the special boundary value problem determines the controllability of the Non-Permanent Information Warfare by the peacekeeping side. The task of the peacekeeping side is to end Information Warfare by the conflicting sides, i.e., to stop them from spreading negative information against each other. By using a computer experiment, various modes of Information Warfare have been studied, depending on the strategies of the sides. In particular, the regime of mutual attenuation of the parties is considered, when the conflicting parties simultaneously increase the amount of information distributed by a certain period and then reduce them. The regime of mutual aggravation is also considered. For each mode of development of Non-Permanent Information Warfare, the problem of controllability is separately studied, and a forecast of development of the process of Information Warfare for different values of parameters of the system is given. For the peacekeeping side management, parameters are proposed - coefficient peacekeeping activity and the level of Information Technology.
Application of Photocatalyst Material Bentonite Ti Based as Antimicrobial Paint
Authors: Widi Restu Kartiko , Savitri Emma , Budhyantoro Arief , Yasaputera Robert , Gunardi Johan
Published: December 2020

The TiO2-Fe3O4-bentonite was used in this study as a photocatalyst material for antimicrobial. The material was coated on a ceramic container. This study is the preliminary study on coatings formulated using TiO2-Fe3O4-bentonite to fight against microbial. This paper aims to emphasize the application of TiO2-Fe3O4-bentonite in the water purification process by adding material into the paint and coating it on ceramic containers as a reactor to help neutralize E. coli and S. Aureus. The TiO2-Fe3O4-bentonite powder was synthesized by the sol-gel method. The photocatalyst powder was exhaled on the surface of the inside painted-walls of the reactor. Some photo-catalytic parameters have been investigated, such as the photocatalyst concentrations and the initial concentration of E. coli starter, and S. Aureus starter. The result showed that the higher the concentration of the photocatalyst material, the more effective its degradation. Also, the highest death rate occurs when the initial concentration of the E. coli starter is at 107 CFU/ml. Photo-degradation in gram-negative bacteria (E. Coli) gives more promising results than the process in gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus). The characterization of the material showed that the photocatalyst material leached during the photo-degradation process. This causes the more extended the reaction takes place; there will be a decrease in bacterial photo-degradation activity. Also, the use of solar light in the photo-catalysis process is more effective than UV light.
Kritik Altyapı Operatörleri İçin Görüntü İşleme Tabanlı Bir Yorgunluk tespit ve Uyarı Sistemi
Authors: YEŞİL Osman , IRMAK Erdal , BÜLBÜL Halil İbrahim
Published: December 2020

Haberleşme, enerji, ulaşım ve sağlık hizmetleri gibi merkezi altyapı sistemleri, ülkeler için kritik altyapı sayılmaktadır. Bu sistemlerin yönetimini sağlayan operatörlerin yorgunluk durumları son derece önem arz etmektedir. Özellikle merkezi SCADA sistem operatörlerinin kısa süreli bir dalgınlık veya dikkatsizlikleri, ciddi bir olayın veya alarmın gözden kaçmasına sebep olabilir. Oysa kritik altyapılarda bu tür olaylar çoğu zaman anlık müdahale gerektirmektedir. Bu nedenle çalışmada, operatörün uyku, yorgunluk ve dikkatsizlik gibi davranışlar göstermesi durumunda aktif olan bir alarm ve uyarı sistemi geliştirilmiştir. Bu amaçla, operatör karşısına yerleştirilen kameradan alınan gerçek zamanlı görüntüler, görüntü işleme teknikleri ile işlenmiştir. Yazılım aracı olarak, görüntü işleme uygulamalarında yaygın kullanıma sahip olan OpenCV kütüphanesi tercih edilmiştir. Sunulan tekniğin, insan kaynaklı operatör hatalarının en aza indirgenmesi için, basit ve etkili bir metodolojik yaklaşım olarak literatüre katkı sağlayacağı değerlendirilmektedir. Ayrıca, geliştirilen fikirsel yaklaşım ve yöntem, birçok farklı alana ve altyapıya da kolayca uyarlanabilir.
The Relationship between Corruption and the Shadow Economy in Ukraine and Other Central and Eastern European Countries
Authors: Cherviakova Valentyna , Cherviakova Tetiana
Published: December 2020

The article investigates the causes, essence, and peculiarities of corruption and the shadow economy, as well as how they are related, in Ukraine in comparison with other Central and Eastern European countries. A correlation‑regression analysis of statistical data revealed a direct correlation connection of different strengths and statistical significance between levels of corruption and the shadow economy in all Central and Eastern European countries. However, the degree to which corruption impacts the variation in the levels of the shadow economy differs significantly in countries across the region. The key conclusion is that in countries with relatively high levels of corruption and the shadow economy, corruption causes a smaller share of the shadow economy than in countries with relatively low levels of these phenomena. Causes of the weak correlation between levels of corruption and the shadow economy in Ukraine were identified. The main corruption and non‑corruption factors of Ukraine’s economy shadowing were determined. It was concluded that policy and measures to counteract corruption and the shadow economy in Ukraine should be aimed at eliminating their root causes rather than manifestations.
Comparative Analysis of R&D in the Visegrad Group Countries in the Years 2004–2018
Authors: Jabłońska Małgorzata
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this paper is to present a comparative analysis of basic measures that demonstrate the development of R&D in the Visegrad Group countries (Poland, the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Slovakia) in the years 2004–2018. The preliminary analysis of the problem allowed for the formulation of a research hypothesis, which reads: Since becoming a member of the EU, the innovation of the economies of the Visegrad Group countries has improved. The analysis shows that the structure and dynamics of R&D expenditure in these countries are diverse, although the innovation potential of the regions of the Visegrad Group countries is still low compared to the average EU level.
Does Financial Development Enhance Foreign Trade in Selected Transitional Economies?
Authors: Tsaurai Kunofiwa , Hlupo Patience
Published: December 2020

The study investigates the influence of financial development on foreign trade in transitional economies using panel data (1994–2014). Although empirical studies on the impact of financial development on foreign trade are available, none of them that the authors are aware of attempted to explore the subject matter in the context of transitional economies. None attempted to investigate if human capital development is a channel through which financial development influences foreign trade or international trade. Under fixed effects, financial development was found to have a non‑significant positive influence on foreign trade, while the random effects approach shows a significant positive relationship running from financial development towards foreign trade. The findings resonate with the majority of the literature on the subject. However, pooled ordinary least squares (OLS) shows that financial development had a significant negative influence on foreign trade.

Under both fixed and random effects, human capital development was found to be a channel through which financial development had a significant positive effect on foreign trade. The results are in line with Patrick’s (1966) argument that foreign trade is quickened by high levels of human capital and financial development. The implication of the study is that transitional authorities should develop and implement human capital development enhancement policies in order to enable financial development to have a significant positive effect on foreign trade. In contrast to the available literature, human capital development was found to have had a significant negative impact on foreign trade under the OLS approach. Future studies on the subject matter should address the endogeneity concerns and the dynamic characteristics of the foreign trade data.
Tracing the Spatial Patterns of Innovation Determinants in Regional Economic Performance
Authors: Olejnik Alicja , Żółtaszek Agata
Published: December 2020

In this paper, we investigate innovation factors and their role in regional economic performance for a sample of 261 EU NUTS 2 regions over the period 2009–2012. In our study, we identify regions with spillover as well as drain effects of innovation factors on economic performance. The spatial analysis indicates that both regional innovativeness and regional development are strongly determined by the region’s location and “neighbourhood”, with severe consequences for Central and Eastern Europe. We assessed the impact of innovation factors and their spatial counterparts on economic performance using a spatial Durbin panel model. The model is designed to test the existence and strength of the country‑effect of innovativeness on the level of regional economic status. This allows for controlling the country‑specific socio‑economic factors, without reducing the number of degrees of freedom. Our model shows that regions benefit economically from their locational spillovers in terms of social capital. However, the decomposition of R&D expenditures revealed competition effect between internal R&D and external technology acquisition, favouring in‑house over outsourced research.
Fusarium spp. and inoculum load estimation associated to commercial Agave tequilana offsets at different regional epidemic inductivity levels
Authors: Mendoza-Ramos Coral , Mora-Aguilera Gustavo , Coria-Contreras Juan José , Santana-Peñaloza Baldemar , Acevedo-Sánchez Gerardo , Martínez-Bustamante Verónica , Gutiérrez-Espinosa María Alejandra , Rubio-Cortés Ramón
Published: December 2020

Esta investigación tuvo como objetivos identificar la especie(s) de Fusarium asociada(s) a hijuelos comerciales de Agave tequilana y desarrollar una metodología para cuantificar la carga de inóculo en hijuelos provenientes de plantaciones madre de Jalisco con inductividad epidémica diferencial al síndrome marchitez y pudrición seca del cogollo (SMAP). La finalidad fue proporcionar criterios para la certificación de plantaciones madre. La fase de campo se realizó entre marzo-mayo 2018 y 2019 en 21 plantaciones comerciales en 14 municipios de Los Altos, Sur y Valles de Jalisco. Se estimó el número de plantas enfermas (PE) y severidad SMAP (S) en 63 y 200 plantas/plantación mediante App-SIVEA para 2018 y 2019 respectivamente. Se desarrolló y aplicó el método CIFUSAG en 7055 hijuelos y 46 656 colonias fungosas obtenidas de 2364 siembras de lavado basal de la ‘piña’, secciones de tejido interno y macerado total de hijuelo. Unidades formadoras de colonia de Fusarium spp. (Fsp) y hongos totales (HT), purificación, monospóricos, caracterización morfológica y cultural se realizó con los medios Komada, agua-agar, Sabouraud, SNA y Sabouraud, respectivamente, diferenciando 557 aislados. La mayor inductividad epidémica en Los Altos significó moderado Índice de Fusarium [(IF) = (?Fsp) / (?HT)] (0.30 y 0.40) y Fsp (20 y 72UFC) respecto al Sur que tuvo valores más altos (0.69, 0.50; 23, 84UFC, respectivamente) (Tukey p=0.05). Calibre de hijuelo no tuvo influencia en IF y Fsp (p=0.183). IF y Fsp de lavado basal no estuvieron correlacionadas con S de plantas madres (r2 = 0.036 y 0.13), mientras que PE únicamente se correlacionó con Fsp (r2 =0.94). La carga de inóculo obtenida por lavado fue superior al de tejido interno con un total de 17,828 UFC (93%) e IF=0.42. Análisis molecular con el gen EF-1a evidenció asociación de 23 cepas con cuatro complejos filogenéticos: Fusarium oxysporum, F. fujikuroi, F. solani y F. incarnatum-equiseti con identidad superior al 98%. El hijuelo comercial de Agave tequilana constituye un factor de dipersión de al menos cuatro especies de Fusarium spp. en el rango de 3.3±3 y 6.83±4.2 UFC/hijuelo.
The relationship between commitment to teaching, teacher efficacy, marginalisation and isolation
Authors: Ulaş Mehmet , Şenel Ender
Published: December 2020

This study aimed to examine the relationship between commitment to teaching, teacher efficacy, physical education teachers' marginalisation and isolation. Four hundred and eight physical education and sports teachers voluntarily participated in the study. Klein et al.’s Unidimensional Target-Free  Commitment Scale was used to assess physical education teachers' commitment to teaching by designing the items to measure commitment to teaching. Perceptions of marginalisation and isolation were evaluated by using the Physical Education-Marginalisation and Isolation Scale. The Ohio Teacher Efficacy Scale was used to determine the level of efficacy beliefs. According to the results, teachers' efficacy positively predicted commitment to teaching, while a high correlation was found between these factors. Teachers' efficacy and commitment to teaching are negatively associated with marginalisation and isolation. Consequently, this study revealed that teachers having a sense of efficacy become more committed to teaching. Correspondingly, this will result in a reduction in marginalisation and isolation.
 
Keywords: Teacher, efficacy, marginalisation, isolation, commitment.
Improve student career certainty using self-information
Authors: Dahlan Syarifuddin , Idris Evalia , Susanto Eko
Published: December 2020

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of counseling interventions using self-information to increase student career certainty. This study was conducted with a quasi-experimental pre-test–post-test non-equivalent group design. The number of subjects was 94 high school students, out of which 44 were male and 50 were female; the experimental group consisted of 39 people and the control group consisted of 55 people. The Self-information used in this study was provided through the Self-Directed Career Exploration Inventory, while research data was obtained through the Career Plan Certainty Scale. The results showed that career counseling services using self-information were effective in helping high school students to increase their career choice certainty. The mean score of the students of the specialization group in the experimental group increased and was significantly different from the mean score of the students in the control group. In addition, the mean score for the study plans of male and female students was not significantly different.

 

Keywords: Career certainty, self-information, career counseling, career intervention.
The development of I-Teach model to improve early childhood teachers professionalism
Authors: Diana Diana , Sunardi Sunardi , Gunarhadi Gunarhadi , Munawir Yusuf
Published: December 2020

The study aims to find out the effectiveness of I-Teach model to improve teachers’ professionalism in handling special-needs children in inclusive classes. This is the final part of a research and development project with the modification of its development stage by Sukmadinata (2017) to be a model testing stage. It explained the effectiveness of the I-Teach model through a true experimental design by classifying the control and experimental group. The subjects of the study were purposively selected, with a total of 24 inclusive teachers involved. The study signified the effectiveness of the I-Teach model in facilitating the improvement of teachers’ professionalism in managing inclusive classes. The effectiveness of the model has been confirmed through an Independent Sample T-Test between the control and experimental group, as sig = 0.000 < 0.05 and tcalc = -7.85 < -ttab = -2.074. The result of analysis confirmed the significance of the teachers’ professionalism at the experimental group compared to the control group. The study recommended the provision of trainings for all teachers to equip them with sufficient comprehension of inclusive education and special-needs children management, as part of the sustainable improvement of their professionalism.        

 

Keywords: I-Teach Model, Teachers’ Profesionalism, Inclusive Education;
Motivation and commitment of English student teachers of some Universities in Indonesia
Authors: Suralaga Fadhilah , Azkiyah Siti Nurul , Rumtini Rumtini , Rahmawati Yenny , Nisa Yunita Faela
Published: December 2020

Teachers play crucial roles; therefore, this study is intended to examine student teachers’ motivation (instrumental vs. integrative) and commitment (committed passionate, committed compromiser, undecided and uncommitted) to teaching. Quantitative approach using a questionnaire was conducted involving 328 English student teachers from some universities in Indonesia. Using the descriptive analysis, the findings show that those having integrative motivation are 56% and the highest figure for the level of commitment is, as expected, committed passionate (44%). Concerning gender differences, more males (M: 60%, F: 55%) were surprisingly found to have integrative motivation, although more females were found to have the highest level of commitment (M: 35%, F: 47%). These findings at the same time reveal a considerably high proportion of those who did not have a genuine motive to enroll in a teacher education programme and to commit to becoming teachers implying necessary measures from both the government and the teacher education institutions. 

Keywords: Commitment, motivation, student teacher, teacher, teacher education.
An examination on mistakes of case suffixes’ usage in written expression of foreigners learning Turkish
Authors: Altuntaş Gürsoy İlke
Published: December 2020

While improving a learner’s language skills during native language and foreign language teaching, the learner should also be taught language rules. Language rules can be taught via grammar topics. One of the grammar topics is case suffixes. Not using any or none of these affixions causes a break in the semantic connection between words and a disruption in sentence structure. Case suffixes are topics to be emphasised on and require attention and elaboration while teaching foreigners Turkish because of their effect on spoken and written expressions with their semantic connection providing function. The aim of the study is to examine the mistakes done by foreigners learning Turkish in case suffixes (nominative, locative, ablative, dative and accusative). The study is qualitative. The data were collected via document review and the data resource was selected via the purposeful sampling method. The data resource for the study consists of written expression papers of a total of 69 learners. As a result of examining the papers, it was determined that there were mistakes with regard to case suffixes in the written expressions of the learners from each level, and most mistakes were done in the accusative case and fewer mistakes were done in the ablative case.         

 

Keywords: Case suffixes, foreigners learning Turkish, teaching Turkish to foreigners.
Impact of public wellness, competitiveness, and government effectiveness on quality of education in Asian countries
Authors: Tanjung Ellisa Fitri
Published: December 2020

The present study attempts to examine the impact of Public wellness, competitiveness and government effectiveness along with Literacy rate and Population growth on quality of education. For this research, the panel data has been collected over the period of 25 years for 10 Asian countries including World Bank and Global Economy data base. The data is specific to employed variables. Different statistical tests like Heteroskedasticity, Autocorrelation, Cross-section dependence and Multicollinearity, and the estimation of static and dynamic GMM were applied on the valid data. The results show that, public wellness, Government effectiveness, literacy rate and population growth significantly impact the quality of education in Asian Countries. Whereas the insignificant impact of competiveness was evidenced from outcomes of the research. This study is associated with all type of key implications in terms of theoretical, methodological, and practical perspectives as well. Lastly, various limitations have been given along with the recommendations for In-depth findings by the future researchers.

Keywords: public wellness, competitiveness, government effectiveness, quality of education, Asian countries.;
REVEALING EFL STUDENTS’ RESPONSES ON THE USE OF SOCRATIVE IN READING ACTIVITY
Authors: Suci Dewi Nur
Published: December 2020

Industrial Revolution (IR) 4.0 has influenced practice of English Foreign Language (EFL) instruction. One of which is through the deployment of Socrative as the technology integration to enhance the students’ skills of listening, reading, writing and speaking. This paper was aimed at elaborating the use of Socrative in English academic reading classrooms done by students in university level. The students’ responses on their experiences when utilizing this application were revealed. The results exemplified that students used Socrative for reading activities. By collecting the students’ opinions on Socrative via a survey, it was found out that the students could enrich their vocabulary because they employed a reading strategy that should be implemented by them, such as noting difficult word(s), and looking for the meaning in dictionary. In another side, the students argued that this online application had a lack of aspect in a reading course. Further, recommendations on the practice of Socrative in EFL classroom are discussed.
Urgency of Legal Pluralism Study for Students of Sharia and Law Faculty After Changes of Academic Degree
Authors: Sopyan Yayan
Published: December 2020

Abstract: Changes in Academic Degrees through Regulation of the Minister of Religion No. 33 of 2016 from Bachelor of Islamic Law to Bachelor of Law must be taken seriously by making concrete efforts to improve the quality of graduates. This regulation responds to the demands of a competitive job market. The consequence is that graduates of the Faculty of Sharia and Law have just not academic skills in the fields of Sharia and law at the same time but also have legal proficiency in the form of sensitivity to the value of justice that lives in society. Globalization accelerates social interaction. Indonesia is inevitably a plural country in which various legal systems are practiced, from customary law, religious law, national law, and international law. This study aims to analyze the reasons for the importance of legal pluralism studies taught to students of the Faculty of Sharia and law. This type of research is explanative and exploratory research. The results of this study indicate that the study of legal pluralism in the Faculty of Sharia and Law is still minimal and only inserted in certain sub-subjects. Even though the existence of this legal pluralism course is very urgent so that students have a sensitivity to the sense of justice that is the essence of law graduates, the implementation of it, legal pluralism must be an independent course or inserted into several relevant subjects.Keywords: Legal-Pluralism; Change of Bachelor's Degree; improving the quality of graduatesAbstrak: Perubahan Gelar Akademik melalui Peraturan Menteri Agama No 33 tahun 2016 dari Sarjana Hukum Islam menjadi Sarjana Hukum harus ditangapi dengan serius dengan melakukan upaya kongkret untuk meningkatkan mutu lulusan. Peraturan ini merespon dari tuntutan pasar kerja yang kompetitif. Konsekuensinya adalah lulusan Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum bukan saja memiliki kemampuan akademik dibidang ilmu Syariah dan ilmu hukum sekaligus, tetapi juga memiliki kemahiran hukum berupa kepekaan terhadap nilai keadilan yang hidup di masyarakat. Globalisasi mempercepat terjadinya interaksi sosial.  Tidak dapat dielakkan bahwa Indonesia merupakan negara plural yang didalamnya dipraktikkan berbagai system hukum mulai dari hukum adat, hukum agama, hukum nasional, dan hukum internasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis alasan-alasan pentingnya kajian pluralism hukum diajarkan kepada mahasiswa Fakultas Syariah dan hukum. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksplanatif dan juga eksploratif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kajian pluralism hukum di Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum masih minim dan hanya disisipkan dalam sub-matakuliah tertentu. Padahal keberadaan matakuliah legal pluralism ini sangat urgen agar mahasiswa memiliki kepekaan terhadap rasa keadilan yang menjadi esensi dari sarjana hukum. Dalam implementasinya, pluralism hukum harus menjadi matakuliah yang mandiri, atau disisipkan pada beberapa matakuliah yang relevan. Kata Kunci: Pluralisme Hukum, Perubahan Gelar Sarjana, peningkatan mutu lulusan.