bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HUBUNGAN PANJANG DAN BERAT IKAN KEPERAS (Cyclocheilichtyhys apogon) DISUNGAI TELANG DESA BAKAM KABUPATEN BANGKA
Authors: Efendiansyah Efendiansyah
Published: March 2019

Keperas Fish (Cyclocheilichthys apogon) is one of the dominant species of local fish (indigenous species) found in the waters of Bangka Island. keperas fish has economic value for the people of Bakam village. The purpose of this research is to know the influence of Liquid Waste Disposal Activity of Palm Oil Factory to Fishing Growth (Cyclocheilichtyhys apogon) Telang River Bakam Village in May 2017. Sampling method using purposive sampling. Data analysis used descriptive analysis to know the growth of keperas fish and quantitative analysis to know the value of long correlation weight of male fish (Cyclocheilichthysapogon) in the part before the waste stream follow the equation W = -1.38948L 2.465525 and while for the female fish before the flow of waste W = 0.957107L0.315034 and while the length and weight relationship of male keperas (Cyclocheilichthys apogon) after section of the waste stream follows the equation W = 1.507886L-0.15259 for male keperas fish while for female keperas fish section after the waste stream W = 0 , 580718L0.672259. From the equation we get the value of male fish before the flow of waste of 2.465525 and male fish section after the waste stream of -0.15259, while for the female fish section before the waste stream of 0.315034 and for the female section after the waste flow of 0.672259.
POTENSI KESESUAIAN MANGROVE SEBAGAI DAERAH EKOWISATA DI DUSUN TANJUNG TEDUNG SUNGAI SELAN BANGKA TENGAH
Authors: Susi Susi , Adi Wahyu , Sari Suci Puspita
Published: March 2019

Tanjung Tedung Coastal Coast is located in Tanjung Pura Village, Sungai Selan Subdistrict, Bangka Tengah. Regency which has the potential to be developed into a mangrove ecowista area, because almost along the coastal area is overgrown with ecosystem mengrove. This study aims to identify the potential of mangrove ecosystems and calculate the Tourist Compatibility Index (IKW) potential of mangrove area as ecotourism area of mangrove. The data were collected from March to April 2018 in Tanjung Tedung Coastal Coast. The research method used is Purposive Sampling. Research area taken as many as 3 stations. The data analysis is based on tourism conformity index matrix (IKW). Data of mangrove tourism conformity parameter consisting of: mangrove thickness, mangrove density, mangrove species, tidal and biota object. The result of measurement of mangrove tourism match parameters are thickness at station I worth 303,57 m, station II worth 366,57 m and station III worth 1,061,44 m. Density of station I with value 0.11 ind / m². Station II worth 0.10 ind / m² and station III with value 0.16 ind / m². Found 9 Species of mangroves and other biota such as: fish, shrimp, crab, molluscs, reptiles, birds and other biota. The result of conformity analysis to be used as ecotourism area with IKW value of station I worth 78.95% with Appropriate category. Furthermore at station II IKW value is 78.95% with Appropriate category. and station III got the value of IKW worth 96.05% with category Very
STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS IKAN AIR TAWAR YANG DITEMUKAN DI SUNGAI LUBUK BAKONG TUA TUNU PANGKALPINANG
Authors: Supanji Rama , Adi Wahyu , Utami Eva
Published: March 2019

The Lubuk Bakong’s River is located in Tua Tunu Village, Pangkalpinang and generally used as agricultural land and livestock. The purpose of this research is to analyze the community structure and the relationship of aquatic parameters to the diversity of fish in the Lubuk Bakong River. The benefit of this research is to complete data about the structure of the fish community in the Lubuk Bakong River. This research was conducted in March 2018 at the Lubuk Bakong River, Tua Tunu Village. Sample identification was carried out at the Fisheries Laboratory, FPBB. The method used is purposive sampling method and Principal Component Analysis. The fishes caught are Kemuring (Puntius lineatus), Tanah (Puntius binotatus), Palm (Osteochilus spilurus), Seluang (Rasbora cepholotaenia), Ordinary septic (Trichogaster trichopterus), Belida (Chitala sp), Betok (Anabas testudineus), Kelincah (Belontia hasselti), Kepatung (Pristolepis grootii), Baung (Mystus nemurus), Gabus (Channa striata), Kiung (Channa lucius), Sepat api (Trichogaster pectoralis) and Chitala sp. The results of the analysis related characteristics of environmental parameters on the diversity of fish species show the magnitude of the effect of the parameters Depth, Current velocity, and Nitrate at station I, station II shows the magnitude of the influence of temperature, pH, DO, Brightness, and Nitrate parameters and station III is more influenced by Phosphate factors
PEMANFAATAN KELIDANG (Artocarpus lanceifolius Roxb.) OLEH MASYARAKAT DI PULAU NANGKA BESAR, KABUPATEN BANGKA TENGAH
Authors: Sari Sari , Fakhrurrozi Yulian , Franata Ade Yusni
Published: March 2019

Kelidang is a species belongs to family Moraceae (the jackfruits). Kelidang grow naturally without the cultivation of human beings. Kelidang in Nangka Besar Island is one of the plants which has tree habitus. Kelidang generally used as furniture, making of boat, households and coffin. The purpose of this research was to explore knowledge of Nangka Besar people about kelidang and its use. The research was carried out by using the method of exploratory that included interviews and observations, which was conducted in the hamlet of Nangka Besar Island Tanjung Pura Village District Sungaiselan Central Bangka Regency Province of Bangka Belitung Islands. The results showed that kelidang is one of the plants which has tree habitus and grow naturally without the cultivation of human beings. Kelidang people in Nangka Besar Island take advantage of kelidang stem as the wall of house, board/lath, firewood, making of boat, frames, the furniture and wood/bench, even used as a coffin by Chinese people. The fruit can be eaten. Seeds boiled and roasted peanuts (fried without oil)
ISOLASI DAN KARAKTERISASI Rhizobium DARI Glycine max L. DAN Mimosa pudica Linn.
Authors: Sari Eka , Flatian Anggi Nico , Sari Zulvia Intan , Sulaeman E
Published: March 2019

N availability in Indonesia is still relatively low. Various types of fertilization techniques are developed in order to reduce N losses, but the efficiency of N fertilizer use is not optimal. Therefore, biological N-belay technology is needed through Rhizobium inoculation to improve N fertilization in legume plants. This study aims to isolate and characterize Rhizobium bacteria from nodules formed in the roots of legume plants. The collection of Glycine max L. and Mimosa pudica Linn. root nodules is ashamed to be chosen from the pink root nodules. Rhizobium isolation using selective media of Yeast Extract Manitol Agar + congo red using the spread plate method. Characterization carried out, in the form of macroscopic observations, Gram staining, biochemical physiological tests, manufacturing growth curves and pathogenicity tests. The results of isolation from both plants obtained five types of Rhizobium isolates. The results of the characterization of isolates in both plants also showed the same thing, namely: bacteria have Echinulate shape when grown on sloping media, and when grown in cup media (large size, milky white, opaque (not penetrated by light, circular shape, convex elevation (convex), the surface is smooth shiny, the entire margin), including Gram negative bacteria, rod shaped, facultative anaerobic, motile, can degrade hydrogen peroxide, show positive oxidase, can ferment glucose and sucrose, grow well at pH 5 - pH 7, and not pathogenic to plants.
PEMANFAATAN TANAMAN OBAT OLEH SUKU JERIENG DI KABUPATEN BANGKA BARAT
Authors: Novalia Novalia , Afriyansyah Budi , Juairiah Lina
Published: March 2019

Indonesia has been know as own high diversity of flora and fauna. In addition, Indonesia has been know high diversity of ethnics which has various distinctive traditions, including local knowledge. One of the local knowledge on using of traditional medicinal plants. The utilization of plants as medicinal plants has never been reported yet because of the changes of era, the local wisdom knowledge especially for medicinal plants has faded away. The purpose of this research is to determine the local knowledge of Jerieng ethnic in utilizing the plant include the parts of the plant, the processing, and the benefit as medicinal plants), collecting data of the medicinal plants diversity (species numbers, scientific name, local name, familes, habitat and habitus). The method of this research was used the qualitative and descriptive analysis. Data was collected from survey and interview in the Jerieng ethnic using snowball sampling. The result of research show there are 82 plants species 52 families, 16 informans, and 45 species disease. The most dominant families of medicinal plants is Zingiberaceae with 7 kinds and graminae//poaceae with 6 kinds. The most frequent used part of the plants by Jerieng ethnic are the leaf 46%, trunk habitus species 35% and the higher habitat is at plants garden house 52%. Meanwhile for the most used processing is by boiling the medicinal plants.
Is there any relationship between H. pylori gastritis and mucosal esophagitis?
Authors: SAG Elif , GUVEN Burcu , CAKİR Murat
Published: March 2019

Background Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and H.Pylori gastritis are common seen in childhood. In the literature, it was found that the incidence of H. pylori infection in patients with GERD was between 30-90%. Coexistence of two diseases is one of the topic and controversial issue in these days. In our study; we aimed to assess the prevalence of GERD in pediatric patients with and without H. pylori gastritis, and investigate whether H. pylori infection is a risk factor for GERD.Methods The patients undergoing endoscopic examination in Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition clinic between January 2009 - January 2019 included in the study. The data of patients were recorded from the hospital files retrospectively. The patients were divided in two groups according to whether H. pylori infection positive and negative. GERD frequency, indication of endoscopy and demographic characteristics were compared.Results Among the 4337 patients (55.5% female, mean age ± SD; 9.5 ± 4.4 years, range; 6 months-19 years), 348 patients (8%) had GERD, and 779 patients (18%) had H. pylori gastritis. There was no significant difference in gender between patients with H. pylori positive and negative (p>0.05). We determined that the age of patients with H. pylori gastritis was older (p=0.000). The prevalence of GERD in the H. pylori negative patients was 8.4% compared to 6.2% in the H. pylori positive patients [OR, 0.71 95% CI (0.52-0.98), p = 0.030].Conclusions Our study showed that H. pylori infection had a protector role for GERD. We could not evaluate the patients reflux symptoms after H. pylori eradication therapy. Therefore, further prospective studies are needed.
Ischemia modified albumin: a useful marker for increased oxidative stress in Behçet’s disease
Authors: KESKİN Selma , Aksu Arica Deniz , Orem Asim , Akcan Buket , Mentese Ahmet , Bahadir Sevgi
Published: March 2019

Background Increased oxidant stress play an important role in pathogenesis of Behçet’s disease (BD). It needs to be clearly defined by using a sensitive marker.Objective We sought to investigate usefulness of ischemia modified albumin (IMA) to show increased oxidative stress in patients with BD and its value considering the disease activity.Methods The sera from BD patients (n=57) and healthy individuals (n=45) were collected. IMA, serum total antioxidative capacity (TAC) and total oxidant status (TOS) were measured using Erel’s automated method, and the percentage ratio of total peroksit level to TAC level was considered the oxidative stress index (OSI). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed for all markers.Results IMA, TAC, TOS, OSI, C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) levels were found to be significantly higher in patients with BD than those in controls. IMA was the only marker which showed difference between active and inactive periods, and it had higher area under curve (AUC) value than those for other markers in ROC analysis (p=0.004). IMA also showed significant correlations with CRP, both in all BD patients and those in active period (r=0.50, p<0.01; r =0.54, p<0.005, respectively).Conclusions IMA showed superiority to other markers such as TAC, TOS or OSI to evaluate oxidative stress in BD patients as well as in considering disease activity. The higher serum level of IMA and its relationship with CRP observed in active period of BD indicate that IMA may be a useful marker for monitoring disease activity.
Effect of Paecilomyces lilacinus on tomato plants and the management of root knot nematodes
Authors: Ahmed Shahriyar , Monjil Mohammad Shahjahan
Published: March 2019

Effect of Paecilomyces lilacinus on tomato plant growth and the management of root knot nematodes in tomato was studied. The research work was conducted in Microbiology & Bio-control Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh and in Net-house of Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, during the period from July, 2016 to October, 2017. In net-house pot culture experiment, four different treatments were used viz., T1: Inoculation of egg masses (10 egg masses/plant) of Nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.), T2: Application of P. lilacinus, T3: Application of egg masses of Nematodes and P. lilacinus simultaneously, and T4: Control (non-treated). Spore suspension (10×105 Conc.) of P. lilacinus was mixed with the soil before transplantation and Meloidogyne spp. was inoculated on three days after transplantation. Application of P. lilacinus in soil enhanced the plant growth parameters of tomato plants. Inoculation of Meloidogyne spp. reduced plant growth and the reduction was increased with the increase of inoculum density of Meloidogyne spp. Maximum plant growth reduction was recorded when Meloidogyne spp. was inoculated alone. The maximum plant growth was recorded in case of application of P. lilacinus to soil. A high percentage (85%) of egg masses of Meloidogyne spp. was infected by P. lilacinus when applied together
J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 17(1): 9–13, March 2019
Genetic variability, heritability, correlation and path analyses of yield components in traditional rice (Oryza sativa L.) landraces
Authors: Saha Setu Rani , Hassan Lutful , Haque Md. Ashraful , Islam Mirza Mofazzal , Rasel Md.
Published: March 2019

The presence of sufficient genetic variability, the knowledge of nature of association among different characters and relative contribution of different characters to yield is a prerequisite to any breeding programme. The aim of the present study was to estimate genetic parameters of thirteen yield and yield attributing traits in 40 landraces of rice with a view to select better yield attributes in rice. The higher value of phenotypic co-efficient of variation (PCV) compared to the corresponding genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all the studied traits indicated that there was an influence of the environment. Number of unfilled grains per panicle exhibited high estimates of PCV and GCV followed by number of filled grains per panicle, number of grains per panicle, flag leaf area. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed in flag leaf area, pollen fertility, number of grains per panicle and number of filled grains per panicle which reflected that the direct selection of these characters based on phenotypic expression by simple selection method for yield improvement would be more reliable Grain yield per plant showed significant and positive association with days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, flag leaf area, number of total tillers per hill, number of effective tillers per hill, pollen fertility, number of grains per panicle, number of filled grains per panicle indicating selection of these characters for yield improvement may be rewarding. Both at phenotypic and genotypic level, days to 50% flowering, flag leaf area, number of effective tillers per hill, pollen fertility, panicle length, number of grains per panicle and 100 seed weight had direct positive effect on yield per plant indicating their importance during selection in yield improvement program. Moreover, the information generated from this study, can be exploited in future rice breeding program.
J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 17(1): 26–32, March 2019
Effect of sulphur on the seed yield and oil content of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)
Authors: Paul Swapan Kumar , Khatun Mosa Morsheda , Sarkar Md Abdur Rahman
Published: March 2019

Sulphur is a component of plant amino acids, proteins, vitamins, and enzyme structures which influence the productivity of oil seed and total oil content. The experiment was conducted to find out the effect of sulphur on the seed yield and oil content of sesame in Bangladesh. The experiment comprised three varieties of sesame viz. Binatil-2, Binatil-3 and BARI Til-4 and six levels of sulphur (S) viz. 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 kg S ha–1. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Dry matter production, crop characters, yield components, seed yield and oil content were significantly influenced by variety, level of sulphur and their interaction. The highest dry matter production plant–1 at 50 DAS (17.56 g), plant height (101.3 cm), number of branches plant–1 (3.66),  number of pods plant-1 (41.56), number of seeds pod-1 (58.83),  seed yield    (747.2 kg ha-1), stover yield (2243.0 kg ha–1) and oil content (40.03%) were obtained in BARI Til-4 while the corresponding lowest values of all parameters were recorded in Binatil-2. In case of sulphur application, the highest dry matter production plant–1 at 50 DAS (20.81 g), plant height (109.7 cm), number of branches plant–1 (3.87),  number of pods plant–1 (46.13),  number of seeds pod-1 (56.67),  seed yield (800.0 kg ha–1), stover yield (2787 kg ha–1 ) and oil content (43.97%) were obtained when crop was fertilized with 30 kg S ha–1 while the lowest seed yield (502.2 kg ha–1), stover yield (1550.0 kg ha–1) and oil content (32.80%) were obtained in control (0 kg S ha–1). BARI Til-4 fertilized with 30 kg S ha–1 produced the highest dry matter plant–1 at 50 DAS (24.80 g), number of pods plant–1 (51.13), seeds pod–1 (62.0) and seed yield (1011.0 kg ha–1). The highest oil content (43.97%) was also recorded in BARI Til-4 fertilized with 30 kg S ha–1, which was as good as that of BARI Til-4 fertilized with 40 kg S ha–1. Therefore, BARI Til-4 fertilized with 30 kg S ha–1 can be considered as a promising practice in respect of seed yield and oil content of sesame in Bangladesh.
J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 17(1): 33–38, March 2019
Effect of salt and organic acid on storage quality of minimally processed Indian spinach
Authors: Ahmmed Raju , Sukhi Farjana Akter , Zaman Fardana Binte , Das Shimul , Hasan Md Fakhrul , Khan Md Junaeid
Published: March 2019

Postharvest processing of horticultural products not only adds value to the products, but also makes the products more convenient to the consumers. The objective of this study was to investigate the storage quality of minimally processed Indian spinach as influenced by organic acid and salt. The vegetables were washed and immersed in cold (7ºC) water with 100 mg L-1 free chlorine for sanitation. The samples were treated with NaCl, KMS and citric acid in 9 treatments viz. T1: 1% NaCl, T2: 1.5% NaCl, T3: 2% NaCl, T4: 1.5% citric acid, T5: 1% citric acid, T6: 0.5% citric acid, T7: 0.5% KMS, T8: 1% KMS and T9: 1.5% KMS. The treated samples were stored for 0 to 6 days. Among the treatments, changes in quality traits decreased significantly (p = 0.05) with the increasing rate of organic acid (T4) compared to the control and other treatments during the storage period. Treatment T4 was better than other treatments as the treated spinach had higher titrable acidity (33.47, 22.60 & 18.83), lower TSS (0.30, 0.30 & 0.40), lower pH (6.99, 3.43 & 4.12), higher vitamin C (17.03, 16.33 & 11.40), lower weight loss (10, 9.90 & 9.40) and higher firmness (15.45, 13.29 & 10.67) at 2, 4 and 6 days. The storage ability was good for all treatments, but keeping quality was not satisfactory for all treatments. There was significant variation among all treatments, and 1.5% citric acid was accepted for keeping the good storage quality of minimally processed Indian spinach.
J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 17(1): 99–104, March 2019
Efficiency of organic pesticides, turmeric (Curcuma longa) and neem (Azadirachta indica) against dry fish beetle (Dermestes sp.) during storage condition
Authors: Lithi Ulfat Jahan , Faridullah Md , Roy Vikash Chandra , Roy Krishna Chandra , Alam AKM Nowsad
Published: March 2019

Efficacy of turmeric (Curcuma longa) and neem (Azadirachta indica) or repelling dry fish insects (Dermestes sp. adult and larva) was investigated on the basis of their repellency rate, storage quality,  sensory attributes of turmeric and neem treated dry fish  and their cooked products. Pesticides prepared from turmeric and neem, were used in the form of extract and powder. The extracts were tested at the concentrations of 2%, 3%, 5% for turmeric and 3%, 5%, 7% for neem. Turmeric and neem powder were used for treatment at the rate of 2.0%, 3%, 4.0% upon 100 g dry fish. Repellency rate of Dermestes sp., adults was highest, where larvae showed mere resistance against herbal pesticides. Pesticides prepared from turmeric were more repellent than neem pesticides. Control and treated dry fish had almost similar sensory attributes after the 2nd month. However, odor, texture, general appearance and insect occurrence of control dry fish decreased significantly after 4th month of storage but all those parameter of treated dry fish were nearly unchanged. However, sensory quality of dry fish treated with turmeric and neem were remain unchanged after the 4thmonth. The results suggested that 3% extract and powder of turmeric or neem at the rate of 5% extract and 3% powder can be used as suitable field doses for direct application in dry fish to prevent insect infestation during storage of dry fish products.
J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 17(1): 110–116, March 2019
Economic analysis of tilapia farming in some selected area of Dinajpur District: A comparison between monoculture and polyculture
Authors: Ferdoushi Zannatul , Patwary Zubaida Parveen , Ara Yeasmin , Rana Masud
Published: March 2019

The study was conducted to assess the cost and return from tilapia farming. Fifty homestead aquaculture ponds practicing monoculture and polyculture of tilapia (25 farmers from each category) were selected for this study. Data had been collected through face to face interview by using a structured questionnaire during April to September 2015 from the selected farmers of Dinajpur districts. The results from the survey revealed that both the tilapia monoculture and polyculture farming were profitable. However, the average total cost per hectare per production period was found higher (Tk. 332,712.08) in tilapia monoculture than tilapia culture with carps (Tk. 241,722.34). Moreover, the net margin was also found higher in tilapia monoculture with benefit cost ratio 1.51. Whereas, the benefit cost ratio in polyculture farming was 1.34.
J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 17(1): 117–121, March 2019
Correlation of Actual Fetal Weight with Clinically and Ultrasonographically detected Macrosomia cases among Diabetic Mother
Authors: Nahar Shamsun , Khatun Kashefa , Khanum Tahmina , Chowdhury TA , Mohiuddin AS
Published: April 2019

Background: Correlation of actual fetal weight with clinically and ultrasonographically detected macrosomia cases among diabetic mother is very essential for the management of the neonates.

Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to correlate actual fetal weight with clinically and ultrasonographically detected macrosomia cases among diabetic mother.

Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried out in inpatient Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and in outpatients Department of Radiology and Imaging, BIRDEM during the period of April 2005 to March 2007. Pregnant women with diagnosed diabetes mellitus (DM) or gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) selected for caesarean section or induction of labour, gestational age 236 weeks having 23700 gm by clinical method were included in this study. First clinical estimation of fetal weight was done by the investigator then Radiologist estimated the fetal weight without knowing the EFW by clinical method. The actual birth weight was estimated after the birth of the babies.

Result: The mean (+SD) age of the patients was 30.8±5.1 years ranged from 20 to 40 years. A significant correlation (r=0.5081; p<0.05) was found between clinically estimated fetal weight (gm) and actual birth weight (macrosomia) (gm). Significant correlation (r=0.6199; p<0.05) was found between sonographically estimated fetal weight (gm) and actual birth weight (macrosomia) (gm). Significant correlation (r=0.4863; p<0.05) was found between clinically estimated fetal weight (gm) and sonographically estimated fetal weight (gm).

Conclusion: The study findings indicate that clinical method can be used instead of ultrasonography for prediction of macrosomia in diabetic mother

Journal of Science Foundation 2018;16(2):38-44
Synergistic potential of propolis and vitamin e against sub-acute toxicity of AlCl(3) in albino mice: in vivo study
Authors: Sajjad S. , Malik H. , Saeed L. , Hashim I. , Farooq U. , Manzoor F.
Published: April 2019

Current study evaluated the synergistic potential of propolis and vitamin E against sub-acute toxicity of aluminum chloride on different biochemical parameters and liver histology. Swiss albino mice (n=42) were randomly divided into seven groups. Group I received 0.2 ml of 0.9 % saline solution, Group II received Propolis (50 mg/kg b.w.), Group III received vitamin E (150 mg/kg b.w.), Group IV received AlCl(3) 50 mg/kg b.w., Group V received AlCl(3) + Propolis, Group VI received AlCl(3) + vitamin E and Group VII received AlCl(3) + propolis + vitamin E. Blood and tissue samples were collected after 7 and 21 days. The body weight of the animals significantly increased in all groups except Group IV. The concentration of serum high density lipoprotein significantly decreased in Group IV and increased in Group V, VI and VII. The level of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine transferase, alkaline phosphatase, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and low density lipoprotein significantly increased in AlCl(3) treated group and increased in Group V, VI and VII. Tissue sections were processed and stained by hematoxylin and eosin. Group II showed cellular necrosis. Group V, VI showed decreased number of vacuolization, sinusoidal spacing and macrophage cell infiltration. Group VI showed less degenerative changes in the third week. Vitamin E and propolis in combination with Al provides more protection against AlCl(3) induced toxicity.
Challenges Faced by Micro and Small Businesses in Belize
Authors: Thiagarajan Dr. Somanadevi
Published: March 2019

Micro, small businesses play an important role in the economy of our country. In fact, they are vital to every country’s economy, particularly in developing countries. In Belize, micro, small and medium enterprises generate over 70% of the private sectors employment and income and contributing significantly to Gross Domestic Product. The purpose of this study was to determine the challenges and constraints faced by micro, small businesses in the capital city of Belmopan and suggest ways to promote business growth and survival in the market. The data was collected using both questionnaires and structured interviews with owners and managers of micros, small businesses in Belmopan. The convenience sampling method was used to select samples from the population. The data analysis revealed that micro and small businesses in Belmopan are faced with several challenges that impede their business growth and survival. The utmost challenge is the lack of finances, followed by multiple taxation and market competition. The results reflected that due to these constraints, businesses have been led to acts such as the evasion of taxes and importation of goods through other mediums, for a chance to compete and be profitable.
The Perception of Cooperative Learning in Teaching and Learning in Malaysia High School
Authors: Zulkifli Ahmad Fahim
Published: March 2019

Study aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the perception of cooperative learning in teaching and learning in Malaysia High School. Materials and methods: This study emphasized on teachers’ views on cooperative learning approach to support their students’ teaching and learning in classroom. The study uses the qualitative approach involving 10 academic staff of a local secondary school located at Subang Jaya, Selangor by using semi structured interview method. Results: The findings showed positive perceptions and interest towards the cooperative learning approach in teaching and learning in secondary schools. Conclusions: There were many advantages of cooperative learning in teaching and learning both for staff and students. The cooperative learning should be implemented in classroom as it may help students to better link between the concepts and real world. Therefore, educators should invest considerable time to learn about this concept and plan their teaching and learning around their learners.
PENGARUH INFRA RED DAN PROPIOCEPTIVE NEUROMUSCULAR FACILITATION PADA HEMIPARESE STROKE NON HEMORAGIK
Authors: Purnomo Didik , Kuswardani Kuswardani , Fadhilah Syifa Maulida
Published: March 2019

Latar Belakang : Prevalensi stroke di Indonesia berdasarkan diagnosis tenaga kesehatan sebesar 7 per mil dan yang terdiagnosis tenaga kesehatan atau gejala sebesar 12,1 per mil. Prevalensi stroke berdasarkan diagnosis nakes tertinggi di Sulawesi Utara (10,8%), diikuti DI Yogyakarta (10,3%), Bangka Belitung dan DKI Jakarta masing-masing 9,7 per mil, sedangkan untuk prevalensi stroke di Jawa Tengah (12,3%) (Riskesdas, 2013).

Tujuan : Untuk mengetahui pengaruh fisioterapi dengan Infra Red dan Propioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation pada Hemiparase et causa Stroke Non Haemoragik.

Hasil : Hasil uji normalitas menunjukkan distribusi data normal, maka uji hipotesis menggunakan metode paired sample t test. Hasil pengujian tersebut menunjukkan nilai sig. (2-tailed) sebesar 0,08 yang berada pada > 0,05 sehingga Ha ditolak dan Ho diterima yang bermakna perubahan pada pasien sesudah terapi tidak signifikan dibandingkan dengan sebelum terapi. Hal ini dapat disebabkan karena gangguan pada sistem saraf pusat yang membutuhkan waktu, intensitas dan jumlah pertemuan lebih banyak sertamembutuhkan kerjasama antara pasien, keluarga dan terapis yang baik agar terlihat perubahan pada partisipan.

Kesimpulan : Pada penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan infra red dan propioceptive neuromuscular facilitation pada hemiparese stroke non hemoragik belummenunjukkan perubahan yang signifikan pada pasien.
PENERAPAN ASAS KEPENTINGAN MILITER DAN PEMBERHENTIAN DENGAN TIDAK HORMAT TERHADAP PRAJURIT YANG TERLIBAT TINDAK PIDANA NARKOTIKA PADA PENGADILAN MILITER I-03/PADANG
Authors: Mulyadi Hendra
Published: March 2019

Former TNI Commander Gen. Gatot Nurmantio to clean up the Indonesian National Army Institution from the Narcotics influence has issued instructions and orders to his ranks, efforts to overcome the problem of narcotics are not separated from the Principles of Military Interest. The principle of military interests means that in carrying out state defense and security, military interests are prioritized more than the interests of groups and individuals. It means that in the judicial process, military interests are always balanced with legal interests, in enforcing the law, military interests must not be ignored. Law enforcers within the TNI in carrying out legal proceedings against narcotics abusers should not only see their legal interests, military interests but also must be seriously considered. Military Judges who will decide on Narcotics cases should not only see the problem from the law. The dismissal of soldiers who are perpetrators of narcotics abusers is very reasonable because from a medical point of view, someone who has consumed drugs is not ready to use, they will experience brain tissue damage, nerve cells and memory loss so that their physical condition is not prime anymore and will not be able to carry out basic tasks to the fullest. This writing aims at 1. To find out how the implementation / application of the principle of military interest in dismissal is disrespectful to the soldiers involved in narcotics crime 2. To find out how the judges' legal considerations apply the principle of military interest in dismissal with disrespect to the involved soldiers criminal narcotics, military court I-03 / Padang in practice has applied the principle of military interest in the consideration of penalties especially in narcotics criminal cases in its legal area both as a user and as a narcotics dealer, but has not been followed by orders to convicts to carry out medical rehabilitation.
UPAYA HUKUM DALAM PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA PERDAGANGAN EMAS BERJANGKA PADA PT. RIFAN FINANCINDO BERJANGKA PEKANBARU
Authors: Aswandi Andi
Published: March 2019

Gold futures trading is very vulnerable to disputes. Therefore, understanding the efforts to resolve futures trade disputes is very important to know. This research was conducted empirically, the nature of descriptive analysis research with qualitative data analysis. Futures trading dispute at PT. Rifan Financindo Berjangka Pekanbaru is caused by customer misunderstanding about the process and legal aspects of futures trading. This was made worse by the lack of education conducted by futures brokers and the existence of unlawful acts committed by sales marketing and futures broker representatives. Gold futures trade dispute settlement can only be done by litigation in the South Jakarta District Court or non-litigation through the Commodity Futures Trading Arbitration Board. Constraints encountered in resolving disputes are; disproportionate choice of dispute resolution forums, lack of customer understanding of legal aspects in resolving disputes and violations of Standard Dispute Resolution Operational Procedures.
PELAKSANAAN PERJANJIAN ANTARA PDAM KOTA PAYAKUMBUH DENGAN PAMSIMAS KOTA PAYAKUMBUH
Authors: Pasmatuti Darda
Published: March 2019

Water is a very basic need for humans, so in accordance with article 33 paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution, natural resources in the form of water must be managed and utilized as well as possible, the formulation of the problem was: with PAMSIMAS Payakumbuh City, What are the obstacles in implementing the agreement and what are the efforts to overcome the obstacles in implementing the agreement between the PDAM and PAMSIMAS ?, The research method was empirical juridical. The results showed that the implementation of the Agreement between Payakumbuh City PDAM and Payakumbuh City PAMSIMAS was implemented based on the Agreement that had been agreed upon by the two parties. The constraints in implementing the agreement were as follows: There was a delay in payment by the PAMSIMAS to the PDAM. Efforts made to overcome the obstacles in the implementation of the agreement between the PDAM and PAMSIMAS are by way of the two parties agreeing to settle by deliberating and consensus. In the event of a delay in payments by PAMSIMAS, the PDAM gives sanctions in the form of fines. The author's advice was: To implement the Agreement between Payakumbuh Municipal PDAM and Payakumbuh City PAMSIMAS as well as possible, pay water bill bills on time, so that PDAM Kota Payakumbuh's efforts in facing existing constraints, the implementation needs to be increased so that a balanced relationship is created with the Payakumbuh Municipal PDAM.
PERANAN BADAN PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA KONSUMEN (BPSK) KOTA PAYAKUMBUH TERHADAP SENGKETA KONSUMEN
Authors: Rinaldi Nedi
Published: March 2019

The Consumer Dispute Settlement Agency (BPSK) as a product of Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection (UUPK) in conjunction with Decree of the Minister of Industry and Trade Number: 350/MPP/Kep/12/2001 concerning Implementation of Duties and Authorities of abbreviated Consumer Dispute Resolution Bodies BPSK and the Minister of Trade Regulation Number: 06/M-DAG/PER/2/2017, are institutions for resolving consumer disputes outside the court that should be part of efforts to protect consumers (end) categorized as weak when disputing with stronger business actors . The reality to date, BPSK still has many weaknesses and shortcomings. This condition is exacerbated by the growing strength of neoliberalism that affects the global economic system, which is realized or not has occurred in the strong economic control of business actors against the weak (consumers). This research is field research, namely field research with interview techniques to the parties involved that are directly related to the problem the author discussed, namely Payakumbuh City BPSK and aims to examine the efforts that can be done to optimize BPSK as an institution of consumer dispute resolution in outside the court that is fast, useful and meets the value of justice for the consumer community. This paper is based on a study of prime data and secondary data analyzed qualitatively. Based on the results of the study, efforts can be made to optimize Payakumbuh City BPSK which was formed in 2015 based on the Decree of the Minister of Trade of the Republic of Indonesia Number: 646 /M-DAG/Kep/4/2015, dated April 8, 2015 which can help consumers who feel disadvantaged by business actors.
The Remobilization of the Propaganda and Morale Network, 1947–1953
Authors: Pooley Jefferson
Published: March 2019

In the aftermath of World War II, the U.S. social scientists serving in Washington and abroad returned—most of them—to their universities. A large share of those returnees had staffed the U.S. government's sprawling propaganda and morale bureaucracies. Shuffling between agencies, these scholars-on-loan forged informal ties and something like a network. Back on campus, they resumed teaching and research. A raft of published work based on wartime projects soon appeared, under a label—“communications research”—that had taken hold during the war. But few of the returning social scientists identified with the new field. Anthropologists returned to anthropology, sociologists to sociology, and so on. The thesis of this paper is that the Cold War brought them back together. The new national security state, in other words, recruited a remarkably similar cast of social scientists to run its propaganda research initiatives. Some of those projects were self-conscious revivals of World War II efforts, but even the fresh initiatives were staffed by veterans of the earlier campaigns. The mix of military, civilian, and foundation sponsors in the early Cold War, moreover, resembled the WW II configuration. The propaganda and morale network was, in effect, remobilized.
Efectos de los tratados de libre comercio en el comercio exterior: Predicciones para Puerto Rico de cara al CAFTA-RD
Authors: Signoret José E.
Published: April 2019

Este artículo examina los efectos de los tratados regionales de libre comercio en la actividad comercial internacional. El análisis estima modelos gravitacionales de comercio que sirven para evaluar el posible impacto del CAFTA-RD en el comercio exterior de Puerto Rico y los Estados Unidos. Los efectos estimados del CAFTA-RD para Estados Unidos son invariablemente modestos. En el caso de Puerto Rico, los efectos son considerablemente más importantes, aunque todavía algo pequeños. La inclusión de la República Dominicana en el Tratado, sin embargo, es crítica en estos últimos resultados
Aprendizaje activo a nivel post-secundario para promover el desarrollo de gestión de competencias empresariales sobre liderazgo en respuesta a los requerimientos del mercado laboral de Puerto Rico
Authors: Rivera Aponte Angel L. , Figueroa Medina Carmen I.
Published: April 2019

El aprendizaje activo a nivel universitario es imprescindible para promover el desarrollo de competencias empresariales ante los requerimientos actuales del mercado laboral en Puerto Rico. La participación del estudiantado matriculado en el curso de Liderazgo en Administración de Empresas, utilizando el proceso de inducción generado a través de la integración de teoría y práctica, promovió el desarrollo de las referidas competencias. Un análisis cualitativo demostró la efectividad del proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje mediante metodologías pedagógicas de aprendizaje-activo. Los resultados se evidenciaron a través del aprovechamiento del estudiantado en el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje aumentando su nivel de competencias de liderazgo, entre otras.
Evaluación comparativa para la competitividad internacional: Lecciones para la política pública
Authors: Williams Densil A. , Morgan Beverly
Published: April 2019

Este artículo presenta los resultados de un estudio de “benchmarking” sobre la posición de competitividad de Jamaica en relación con otras economías pequeñas similares en el Caribe. Enmarcado en el modelo “Dual Double Diamond” y la metodología de “Rank Xerox Benchmarking”, el trabajo analiza la posición competitiva de Jamaica a nivel internacional con Singapur, la economía pequeña abierta más competitiva en el mundo. También se compara la relación con tres economías en el Caribe y la América Central: Barbados, Trinidad y Tobago y Costa Rica. Los resultados revelaron la débil posición de Jamaica relativa a Singapur, el país “benchmark”. Algunos factores que inciden en estos resultados son un ambiente macroeconómico inestable, instituciones débiles, desconfianza hacia los funcionarios públicos y condiciones de los factores pobres. Estos conductores de la competitividad estaban presentes en Singapur de una manera positiva, lo que permitió a la economía mejorar su diamante de competitividad nacional. Las lecciones aprendidas de la historia de Singapur tienen implicaciones para Jamaica y otras economías pequeñas abiertas similares que están experimentando un declive en sus niveles de competitividad internacional.
Análisis de metodologías de evaluación antes y después de cambios tecnológicos: El caso de la liberación de los organismos genéticamente modificados en Perú
Authors: Diez Matallana Ramón Alberto , Gómez Oscorima Raquel Margot , Varona Manrique Adriano
Published: April 2019

Se evalúa la aplicabilidad de tres metodologías de análisis de impacto económico del cambio tecnológico: el presupuesto parcial, el modelo de excedentes (Alston, Norton y Pardey, 1998) corrido en Excel y en el software Modexc (Rivas, García, Seré, Jarvis, Sanint y Pachico,1999), desde el punto de vista de la facilidad de manejo, del uso de coeficientes de fácil acceso, de la posibilidad de manejo de información procedente de fuentes primarias y secundarias, así como de la generación de índices de eficiencia económica a corto y largo plazo. Las metodologías son aplicadas en una papa blanca comercial mejorada genéticamente, con resistencia a insectos y nematodos, en el distrito de Huasahuasi, región Junín, Perú. Dichas metodologías permiten evaluar la rentabilidad de la inversión en la semilla de papa Bt.
Xanthogranulomatous Oophritis masquerading as ovarian neoplasm: a case report
Authors: Syed Besina Yasin , Bashir Naheena
Published: March 2019

Xanthogranulomatous inflammation is a special form of chronic inflammation that is destroying normal tissue of affected organs which are replaced by chronic inflammatory cell infiltrate admixed with foci or sheets of foam cells, fibroplasia, chronic inflammatory cell infiltrate and vascular proliferation. Only a few cases of xanthogranulomatous oophoritis have been reported.We report a case of 35 year old female who presented with lower abdominal pain and polymennorhea.A total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingoopherectomy was performed on the suspicion of an ovarian neoplasm.
Optimal management of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo patients: An unmet need.
Authors: Hilal Ahmad Sheikh , Ahmad S Bashir , Sajad Tak , Naqash Heena
Published: March 2019

Background Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is considered to be the most common type of vertigo. There is strong evidence supporting the role of  Dix Hallpike maneuver in diagnosing  BPPV, and canalith repositioning maneuver CRM  in managing it; but  these maneuvers are underutilized. Material and methods: A prospective study was conducted in the Department of Neurology in a tertiary care center referral hospital in Kashmir, north India. All the patients of vertigo diagnosed as BPPV were included in study. History and examination was done and patients were followed to see the response of treatment. There referrals notes, previous  records were checked for the diagnosis, treatment and investigations done for managing their  complaints were studied and recorded. Results: Out of total of 101 patients diagnosed as BPPV, 77  were females and 24 were males with M:F ratio as 1: 3.2 . The frequency of various subtypes of BPPV were:  posterior canal in 96 patients, horizontal canal in 4 and anterior canal in one. On reviewing records  of patients only 10% of  had been given diagnosis of BPPV .All patients had been treated with labyrinthine sedatives and other medications  and none had been offered CRM.84% patients had  undergone various  unnecessary investigations . Conclusion. A vast majority of patients with BPPV don’t get an accurate diagnosis in their first contact with health care professionals. Most of the patients undergo unnecessary investigations .CRMs  like Epley’s maneuver are not offered to BPPV patients even though they are the standard of care in this condition.
Vitamin D supplementation –Is it the time to stop wasting money on vitamin D?
Authors: Masoodi Shariq R
Published: March 2019

In recent years, vitamin D has received increased attention, as a number of studies have shown its link to the pathogenesis of various diseases. Apart from its benefits on bone health, vitamin D supplementation has been shown beneficial in reducing risk for many chronic diseases including autoimmune diseases, type 2 diabetes, heart disease, many cancers and infectious diseases. Vitamin deficiency has been associated with increased risk of elevated blood pressure, heart attack and stroke in studies. The relationship between vitamin D deficiency and the increased incidence of upper respiratory infections, asthma and eczema, among children, has been observed in several studies. Recent meta-analyzes showed a relationship between vitamin D administration during the early months of life and a lower incidence of type 1 diabetes later in life. Therefore, it is not surprising that Vitamin D supplementation is used to prevent and treat a wide range of diseases, and the use has increased considerably in the last decade.