bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Slowdown in China's methane emission growth
Authors: Zhao Min , Tian Xiangjun , Wang Yilong , Wang Xuhui , Ciais Philippe , Jin Zhe , Zhang Hongqin , Wang Tao , Ding Jinzhi , Piao Shilong
Published: June 2024

The unprecedented surge in global methane levels has raised global concerns in recent years, casting a spotlight on China as a pivotal emitter. China has taken several actions to curb the methane emissions, but their effects remain unclear. Here, we developed the Global ObservatioN-based system for monitoring Greenhouse GAses for methane (GONGGA-CH4) and assimilate GOSAT XCH4 observations to assess changes in China's methane emissions. We find the average rate of increase in China's methane emissions (0.1 ± 0.3 Tg CH4 yr−2) during 2016–2021 slowed down compared to the preceding years (2011–2015) (0.9 ± 0.5 Tg CH4 yr−2), in contrast to the concurrent acceleration of global methane emissions. As a result, the contribution of China to global methane emissions dropped significantly. Notably, the slowdown of China's methane emission is mainly attributable to a reduction in biogenic emissions from wetlands and agriculture, associated with the drying trend in South China and the transition from double-season to single-season rice cropping, while fossil fuel emissions are still increasing. Our results suggest that GONGGA-CH4 provides the opportunity for independent assessment of China's methane emissions from an atmospheric perspective, providing insights into the implementation of methane-related policies that align with its ambitious climate objectives.
Clinical Mycology Today: Emerging Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Little Jessica , Rauseo Adriana M , Zuniga-Moya Julio C , Spec Andrej , Pappas Peter , Perfect John , McCarthy Todd , Schwartz Ilan S
Published: June 2024

The Mycoses Study Group Education and Research Consortium is a collective of clinicians, researchers, and educators with the common goal to advance awareness, diagnosis, and management of invasive fungal diseases. Clinical Mycology Today, the Mycoses Study Group Education and Research Consortium's biennial meeting, is dedicated to discussing the most pressing contemporary issues facing the field of clinical mycology, promoting clinical, translational, and basic science collaborations, and mentoring the next generation of clinical mycologists. Here, we review the current opportunities and challenges facing the field of mycology that arose from discussions at the 2022 meeting, with emphasis on novel host risk factors, emerging resistant fungal pathogens, the evolving antifungal pipeline, and critical issues affecting the advancement of mycology research.
Diversity of Bacillaceae on Rice Grown in Acid Sulfate Soils in Vietnam: Taxonomy, Specialized Metabolites, and Inhibitory Effects on Fungal Pathogens
Authors: Lam Van Bach , Ibrahim Heba M. M. , Oni Feyisara Eyiwumi , Argüelles-Arias Anthony , Marahatta Bishnu , Zhou Lu , Ferrarini Enrico , De Coninck Barbara , Cottyn Bart , Ongena Marc , Höfte Monica
Published: June 2024

Acid sulfate soils pose significant challenges to rice production due to their negative impact on root development and nutrient uptake, reducing rice yield and quality. The excessive use of fungicides by farmers to control rice diseases has exacerbated the issue, as it contributes to environmental pollution and poses health risks. Our study aimed to isolate indigenous bacteria from rice grown in acid sulfate soils with potential biocontrol activity against common fungal pathogens in Vietnam. Using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, a total of 91 bacterial strains were identified up to the genus level. Bacillaceae were predominant on healthy rice plants, whereas Pseudomonas spp. also occurred on plants infested with the rice blast pathogen Pyricularia oryzae. Genome sequencing, protein orthology, and multilocus sequence analyses revealed the presence of six taxonomic groups of Bacillaceae: Rossellomorea marisflavi (basionym: Bacillus marisflavi), Priestia megaterium (basionym: Bacillus megaterium), Priestia koreensis (basionym: Bacillus koreensis), Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus altitudinis, and Bacillus siamensis. Dual-culture assays showed that most strains had antifungal activity against Pyricularia oryzae, Rhizoctonia solani AG2-1, and Bipolaris oryzae, whereas only B. siamensis and two B. thuringiensis strains were active against Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IA. R. marisflavi strains were in general inactive. Genome mining identified various biosynthetic gene clusters associated with specialized metabolite production, some of which were linked to potential antimicrobial activity. Production of these metabolites was confirmed by chemical analysis. These results suggest that indigenous Bacillaceae strains from acid sulfate soils could be used as biocontrol agents for the sustainable management of rice diseases under acidic conditions.
The diverse roles of sphingolipids in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Doll Chelsea L. , Snider Ashley J.
Published: June 2024

The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has increased over the last 20 years. A variety of causes, both physiological and environmental, contribute to the initiation and progression of IBD, making disease management challenging. Current treatment options target various aspects of the immune response to dampen intestinal inflammation; however, their effectiveness at retaining remission, their side effects, and loss of response from patients over time warrant further investigation. Finding a common thread within the multitude causes of IBD is critical in developing robust treatment options. Sphingolipids are evolutionary conserved bioactive lipids universally generated in all cell types. This diverse lipid family is involved in a variety of fundamental, yet sometimes opposing, processes such as proliferation and apoptosis. Implicated as regulators in intestinal diseases, sphingolipids are a potential cornerstone in understanding IBD. Herein we will describe the role of host‐ and microbial‐derived sphingolipids as they relate to the many factors of intestinal health and IBD.
Hip Surgery is Not More Painful Than Spine Surgery in Children With Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Padilla Abigail N. , Andras Lindsay M. , Heffernan Michael J. , Wren Tishya A.L. , Tyau Noah G. , Kim Eugene , Kay Robert M.
Published: June 2024

Background:

Posterior spinal fusion (PSF) and hip reconstruction are commonly indicated surgeries in children with cerebral palsy (CP), particularly those functioning at GMFCS levels IV and V. These are large and often painful procedures, and previous literature suggests that hip surgery is more painful than spine surgery in this patient population. The purpose of this study is to investigate pain scores and opioid use following hip and spine surgery in a large cohort of children with CP, including many patients who have undergone both types of surgery.

Methods:

A retrospective chart review was performed to identify children with CP who underwent hip reconstruction and/or PSF at a tertiary children’s hospital between 2004 and 2022. Charts were reviewed for demographic data, pain scores, pain medication usage, duration of hospital stay, and complications.

Results:

Data were collected for 200 patients (101 male, 99 female) who met inclusion criteria. Eighty-seven patients underwent hip reconstruction, 62 spinal fusion, and 51 both hip and spine surgery asynchronously. Median (interquartile range) age at the time of surgery was significantly older for spinal fusion compared with hip surgery [13.1 (4.9) vs. 8.1 (5.7) y, P<0.0001]. Length of stay was significantly longer after PSF, with a median of 6 (4) days compared with 2 (1) days after hip surgery (P<0.0001). Both maximum and average daily pain scores were similar following hip and spine surgery, with the exception that average pain scores for hip surgery were slightly higher on postoperative day 1, hip=1.73 vs. spine=1.0 (P<0.0001). The amount of opioids used, expressed as morphine milligram equivalents (MME)/kg were similar in the hip and spine surgery groups; however, it was significantly lower in the hip surgery group on postoperative day 0, hip=0.06 versus spine=0.17 (P<0.0001). For the 51 patients who underwent both hip and spine surgery, the amount of opioids used mirrored that for the entire group (similar MME/kg, though only statistically significantly less on POD 0 and 3), and pain scores were not significantly different between the 2 groups except in 2 circumstances. The 2 exceptions in these 51 patients both demonstrated lower pain scores in patients after hip surgery, including lower maximum pain scores on POD 1 (P=0.041), and lower average pain scores on POD3 (P=0.043).

Conclusions:

This is the largest series to date comparing postoperative pain in children with CP after hip and spine surgery, including 51 of 200 patients who underwent both types of surgery. The results of this study demonstrate that hip surgery is not more painful than spine surgery in children with CP, and conflict with the traditional belief that hip surgery is more painful. This is important information for health care providers when counseling patients and families regarding these surgeries in children with CP.

Level of Evidence:

Level 3.
Unique Idea: Using the KliniTray “Breast Board” for Immobilization of Digital Amputates During Replantation
Authors: Currie Rachel V. , Clements Jamie D. , Dustagheer Shakeel M.
Published: June 2024

The KliniTray “breast board” used by many oncological breast surgeons is an innovative idea to succor microsurgical digital replantation. This piece of sterile equipment is readily available and provides excellent immobilization and retraction of the skin of digital amputates with minimal trauma. The fine metal pins are the key to its efficacy. They provide the flexibility to alter the position of the amputated part and alter the retraction of skin edges as many times as necessary. The construct acts as a tremor-free assistant for a single surgeon to efficiently prepare the amputated part of a digit, saving time including expensive theatre time.
Can Artificial Intelligence Chatbots Improve Mental Health?
Authors: Gallegos Cara , Kausler Ryoko , Alderden Jenny , Davis Megan , Wang Liya
Published: June 2024

Background and Objectives: Mental health disorders, including anxiety and depression, are the leading causes of global health-related burden and have increased dramatically since the 1990s. Delivering mental healthcare using artificial intelligence chatbots may be one option for closing the gaps in mental healthcare access. The overall aim of this scoping review was to describe the use, efficacy, and advantages/disadvantages of using an artificial intelligence chatbot for mental healthcare (stress, anxiety, depression).

Methods: PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Web of Science databases were searched. When possible, Medical Subject Headings terms were searched in combination with keywords. Two independent reviewers reviewed a total of 5768 abstracts.

Results: Fifty-four articles were chosen for further review, with 10 articles included in the final analysis. Regarding quality assessment, the overall quality of the evidence was lower than expected. Overall, most studies showed positive trends in improving anxiety, stress, and depression.

Discussion: Overall, using an artificial intelligence chatbot for mental health has some promising effects. However, many studies were done using rudimentary versions of artificial intelligence chatbots. In addition, lack of guardrails and privacy issues were identified. More research is needed to determine the effectiveness of artificial intelligence chatbots and to describe undesirable effects.
COVID-19 Nursing Staff Sizing Technology
Authors: Costa Inácio Alberto Pereira , Nóbrega Juliana Fernandes , Bentes Cheila Maria Lins , Lynn Fiona Ann , Bentes Marcos do Nascimento , Souza Maria de Lourdes
Published: June 2024

This study shows the development of a software for calculating the number of nursing team members required for providing care during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Study about the development of a technology based on the literature about data and indicators. The indicators were systematized in the following dimensions: institutional, professional, and occupational structure, all with a focus on coronavirus disease 2019. The software was created to be used on the Web, client-server, in browsers such as Internet Chrome, Explorer, and/or Mozilla Firefox, accessing via an Internet address and also allowing access by Windows, Android, and Linux operating systems, with MySQL database used for data storage. The data and indicators related to the institutional structure for coronavirus disease 2019 were systematized with 10 dimensions and indicators, and the professional and occupational structure, with 14 dimensions and indicators. The construction of computer requirements followed the precepts of software engineering, with theoretical support from the area. In the evaluation of the software, data simulation revealed points that had to be adjusted to ensure security, data confidentiality, and easy handling. The software provides to calculate the size and quality of the team, nursing sizing required due to the needs generated by the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.
Enhancing antimicrobial resistance detection with MetaGeneMiner: Targeted gene extraction from metagenomes
Authors: Liu Chang , Tang Zizhen , Li Linzhu , Kang Yan , Teng Yue , Yu Yan
Published: June 2024

Background:

Accurately and efficiently extracting microbial genomic sequences from complex metagenomic data is crucial for advancing our understanding in fields such as clinical diagnostics, environmental microbiology, and biodiversity. As sequencing technologies evolve, this task becomes increasingly challenging due to the intricate nature of microbial communities and the vast amount of data generated. Especially in intensive care units (ICUs), infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria are increasingly prevalent among critically ill patients, significantly impacting the effectiveness of treatments and patient prognoses. Therefore, obtaining timely and accurate information about infectious pathogens is of paramount importance for the treatment of patients with severe infections, which enables precisely targeted anti-infection therapies, and a tool that can extract microbial genomic sequences from metagenomic dataset would be of help.

Methods:

We developed MetaGeneMiner to help with retrieving specific microbial genomic sequences from metagenomes using a k-mer-based approach. It facilitates the rapid and accurate identification and analysis of pathogens. The tool is designed to be user-friendly and efficient on standard personal computers, allowing its use across a wide variety of settings. We validated MetaGeneMiner using eight metagenomic samples from ICU patients, which demonstrated its efficiency and accuracy.

Results:

The software extensively retrieved coding sequences of pathogens Acinetobacter baumannii and herpes simplex virus type 1 and detected a variety of resistance genes. All documentation and source codes for MetaGeneMiner are freely available at https://gitee.com/sculab/MetaGeneMiner.

Conclusions:

It is foreseeable that MetaGeneMiner possesses the potential for applications across multiple domains, including clinical diagnostics, environmental microbiology, gut microbiome research, as well as biodiversity and conservation biology. Particularly in ICU settings, MetaGeneMiner introduces a novel, rapid, and precise method for diagnosing and treating infections in critically ill patients. This tool is capable of efficiently identifying infectious pathogens, guiding personalized and precise treatment strategies, and monitoring the development of antibiotic resistance, significantly impacting the diagnosis and treatment of severe infections.
Surgical Correction of Abdomen Irregularities after Liposuction: Case Series
Authors: Borille Giuliano B. , Pereira Filho Gustavo A. , Zancanaro Mariana , Ribeiro Vinicius W. , Giannini Renato
Published: June 2024

Background:

The occurrence of surface irregularities in the abdomen after liposuction is frequent and can be due to the fact that more liposuctions are being done nowadays, and perhaps, the fact that more noncore surgeons are doing it could be an important factor. These superficial changes compromise the aesthetic results of surgery, and their correction is a major technical challenge.

Methods:

The author presents a systematized approach for surgical treatment of fibrosis and post liposuction irregularities. Twenty-three patients underwent liposuction and abdominoplasty or mini abdominoplasty by a single surgeon (G.B.B.) over a period of 24 months to correct superficial abdominal wall irregularities after previous liposuction. All patients underwent evaluation through digital photography by two independent senior plastic surgeons according to an objective aesthetic outcome scale, 12 months after the operation.

Results:

All 23 patients showed an improvement in the appearance of the abdominal wall according to the aesthetic outcome scale used. Eighty-seven percent of the patients operated on in this series had previously undergone liposuction using technologies and 4.3% underwent liposuction alone. The overall minor complication rate was 26%. No major complications were noted.

Conclusions:

The combination of liposuction, direct fibrosis removal, and flap tensioning (abdominoplasty or mini abdominoplasty) could correct in this series the multiple factors (fibrosis, skin laxity, residual fat deposits post liposuction) related to abdominal wall surface irregularities in a safe, effective, and reproducible manner.
Social Deprivation is Associated with Increased Pain in Patients Presenting with Neuropathic Pain
Authors: Raasveld Floris V. , Lans Jonathan , Valerio Ian L. , Eberlin Kyle R.
Published: June 2024

Background:

Neuropathic pain following nerve injury can be debilitating and negatively impact quality of life. Targeted muscle reinnervation (TMR) is an efficacious technique for the management of neuropathic pain. However, this technique may be unequally available for many geographical locations. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the association between Area Deprivation Index (ADI) and preoperative pain in patients undergoing TMR for treatment of neuropathic pain.

Methods:

Patients who underwent TMR for neuropathic pain in the lower and upper extremities were prospectively enrolled at our tertiary care clinic. A chart review was conducted to obtain socioeconomic, surgery, and comorbidity parameters. Preoperative pain scores (0–10 pain score index), and the ADI, reflecting deprivation status on a 0–100 scale, were collected.

Results:

A total of 162 patients from 13 different states were included, of which 119 were amputees (74%). The median ADI was 25 (IQR: 16–41) and the median preoperative pain score was 6 (IQR: 5–8). A higher ADI was independently associated with higher preoperative pain. The time interval from nerve injury to TMR was not associated with ADI.

Conclusions:

Patients undergoing surgical treatment of neuropathic pain from more socially deprived settings have increased pain experience upon initial evaluation, despite having similar time from nerve injury or amputation to TMR. These findings highlight the importance of identifying patients presenting from socially deprived settings, as this may impact their physical and mental health along with their coping mechanisms, resulting in increased pain.
Subsequent Renal Cancer Among Childhood Cancer Survivors: Analysis of Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results
Authors: Bell Anthony , Rangaswami Arun , Murphy Patricia , Meng Max , Raphael Robert , Wu Natalie , Goldsby Robert
Published: June 2024

Renal cancer, although still rare among individuals under 45 years of age, is on the rise in the general population. The risk and timing of subsequent renal cancer in survivors of childhood cancer is not well established. Using the SEER registry, we reported the incidence of subsequent malignant renal neoplasms after treatment for primary malignancy diagnosed under 20 years of age. We evaluated clinical characteristics, standardized incidence ratio (SIR), and Kaplan-Meier survival estimates. Fifty-three survivors developed subsequent renal cancer (54 total cases). Of these, 54.7% were female, 88.7% were white, and 13.2% were Hispanic. Mean ages at primary malignancy and subsequent renal cancer were 10.1 and 31.1 years, respectively. Forty-seven cases were second cancers, 6 were third, and 1 was fourth. For survivors of childhood cancer, the overall SIR for renal cancer was 4.52 (95% CI: 3.39-5.89). The 5-year overall survival rate after development of subsequent renal cancer was 73% (95% CI: 58%-83%). Renal cancer occurs 4.5 times more frequently in childhood cancer survivors than in the general population, necessitating long-term care considerations.
FDG-Avid Metastatic Non–Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Presenting as Intussusception
Authors: Omery Bilal M. , Rojas Roberto F.
Published: June 2024

A 47-year-old man with a history of metastatic non–clear cell left renal cell carcinoma, unclassified subtype, status post left radical nephrectomy 4 years prior, and treated with immunotherapy for approximately 2½ years, presented for 18F-FDG PET/CT exam 7 months after immunotherapy was stopped. A contrast-enhanced CT exam performed 3 weeks prior demonstrated a new small bowel intussusception in the left upper quadrant. The PET/CT demonstrated focal FDG uptake in the segment of small bowel involved in the intussusception. Pathology from small bowel resection demonstrated metastatic renal cell carcinoma.
Metamorphosis of a Tall and Ugly Woman Through Plastic Surgery During a 7-Year Period: An Analysis of The Life and Loves of a She-Devil
Authors: Hwang Kun , Park Chan Yong
Published: June 2024

The aim of this study is to analyze the process of metamorphosis of a tall and ugly woman through plastic surgery as depicted in The Life and Loves of a She-Devil (1983) of Fay Weldon. The process of plastic surgeries and the psychology of the protagonist of this novel were analyzed. A highly unattractive woman (Ruth, 185 cm) takes revenge on her husband (Bobbo, 175 cm) and his attractive lover (Mary Fisher, 160 cm). To transform her appearance, Ruth remodels her jaw, has her teeth extracted (2-jaw surgery or facial contouring surgery), straightens and trims her nose (corrective rhinoplasty), flattens her cheekbones (reduction malarplasty), reduces her breast size (reduction mammoplasty), and shortens both her arms and legs (limb reduction surgery). Following the series of surgeries, Ruth ultimately made herself look identical to Mary Fisher, her husband’s lover. She believes her inadequacies stem from her body’s failure to meet societal beauty standards, prompting her decision to “remake” herself. She declares, “I will be what I want, not what God ordained.” Ruth’s aspiration is not to acquire a new face but to attain the face of Mary Fisher. When confronted with pain and harm, Ruth does not waver but acknowledges it. “Of course it hurts. Andersen’s little mermaid wanted legs instead of a tail. And, like her, I welcome it. I don’t complain.” In this study, we derived insights into why patients who want to change their entire bodies undergo plastic surgery, what these patients really want, and patients’ attitudes toward the pain caused by surgical procedures.
Clinical Utility of Sleep Recordings During Presurgical Epilepsy Evaluation With Stereo-Electroencephalography: A Systematic Review
Authors: Hannan Sana , Ho Alyssa , Frauscher Birgit
Published: June 2024

Although the role of sleep in modulating epileptic activity is well established, many epileptologists overlook the significance of considering sleep during presurgical epilepsy evaluations in cases of drug-resistant epilepsy. Here, we conducted a comprehensive literature review from January 2000 to May 2023 using the PubMed electronic database and compiled evidence to highlight the need to revise the current clinical approach. All articles were assessed for eligibility by two independent reviewers. Our aim was to shed light on the clinical value of incorporating sleep monitoring into presurgical evaluations with stereo-electroencephalography. We present the latest developments on the important bidirectional interactions between sleep and various forms of epileptic activity observed in stereo-electroencephalography recordings. Specifically, epileptic activity is modulated by different sleep stages, peaking in non–rapid eye movement sleep, while being suppressed in rapid eye movement sleep. However, this modulation can vary across different brain regions, underlining the need to account for sleep to accurately pinpoint the epileptogenic zone during presurgical assessments. Finally, we offer practical solutions, such as automated sleep scoring algorithms using stereo-electroencephalography data alone, to seamlessly integrate sleep monitoring into routine clinical practice. It is hoped that this review will provide clinicians with a readily accessible roadmap to the latest evidence concerning the clinical utility of sleep monitoring in the context of stereo-electroencephalography and aid the development of therapeutic and diagnostic strategies to improve patient surgical outcomes.
Locus coeruleus activation contributes to masseter muscle overactivity induced by chronic restraint stress in mice
Authors: Liu Yang , Chen Ji , Li Qiang , Guo Yan-Xia , Chen Yong-Jin , Zhao Ya-Juan
Published: June 2024

It is commonly accepted that exposure to stress may cause overactivity in the orofacial muscles, leading to consistent muscle pain, which is the main symptom of temporomandibular disorders. The central neural mechanism underlying this process, however, remains unclear. The locus coeruleus is considered to play an important role in stress-related behavioral changes. Therefore, the present study was designed to examine the role of locus coeruleus neurons in masseter overactivity induced by stress. C57BL/6 mice were subjected to chronic restraint stress for 14 days to establish an animal model. The behavioral changes and the electromyography of the masseter muscle in mice were measured. The expression of Fos in locus coeruleus was observed by immunofluorescence staining to assess neuronal activation. A chemogenetic test was used to inhibit locus coeruleus neuronal activity, and the behavioral changes and electromyography of the masseter muscle were observed again. The results exhibited that chronic restraint stress could induce anxiety-like behavior, overactivity of the masseter muscle, and significant activation of locus coeruleus neurons in mice. Furthermore, inhibition of noradrenergic neuron activity within the locus coeruleus could alleviate stress-induced anxiety behavior and masseter muscle overactivity. Activation of noradrenergic neurons in locus coeruleus induced by stress may be one of the central regulatory mechanisms for stress-induced anxiety-like behaviors and overactivity of masseter muscles.
Theta oscillations linked to auditory informativeness and context disambiguation
Authors: Simal Amour , Zatorre Robert J. , Jolicœur Pierre
Published: June 2024

Accurate predictions and the processing of prediction error signals can be important for efficient interaction with the auditory environment. In a reanalysis of data from Simal et al. (2021), who found that informative tones elicited increased N1 and P2 event-related potential components, we sought to identify electrophysiological indicators in the time–frequency domain associated with disambiguation of the hearing context and prediction of forthcoming stimulation. Participants heard two isochronous sequences of pure tones separated by a silent retention interval. A sequence could contain one, three, or five tones. Fifteen participants heard the three load conditions randomly intermixed. In this case, when sequence length was unknown, the second and fourth tone during encoding contained information allowing the prediction of another tone. Other participants heard the sequences blocked by sequence length, and the second and fourth tone of the sequences provided no new information (and hence were not informative). We used wavelet analysis and Hilbert transform methods to analyse the oscillatory activity related to tone informativeness. We found a significant increase in theta (4–7 Hz) amplitude following a tone that was informative and allowed prediction, in comparison with a tone that carried no predictive information. Previous work suggests increased theta amplitude is linked with task switching and an increase in cognitive control. We suggest informative tones recruit higher-level control processes involved in prediction of upcoming auditory events.
The societal impact of Open Science: a scoping review
Authors: Cole Nicki Lisa , Kormann Eva , Klebel Thomas , Apartis Simon , Ross-Hellauer Tony
Published: June 2024

Open Science (OS) aims, in part, to drive greater societal impact of academic research. Government, funder and institutional policies state that it should further democratize research and increase learning and awareness, evidence-based policy-making, the relevance of research to society's problems, and public trust in research. Yet, measuring the societal impact of OS has proven challenging and synthesized evidence of it is lacking. This study fills this gap by systematically scoping the existing evidence of societal impact driven by OS and its various aspects, including Citizen Science (CS), Open Access (OA), Open/FAIR Data (OFD), Open Code/Software and others. Using the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews and searches conducted in Web of Science, Scopus and relevant grey literature, we identified 196 studies that contain evidence of societal impact. The majority concern CS, with some focused on OA, and only a few addressing other aspects. Key areas of impact found are education and awareness, climate and environment, and social engagement. We found no literature documenting evidence of the societal impact of OFD and limited evidence of societal impact in terms of policy, health, and trust in academic research. Our findings demonstrate a critical need for additional evidence and suggest practical and policy implications.
Clinical and genomic features of a Listeria monocytogenes fatal case of meningitis in Madagascar
Authors: Rasoanandrasana Saïda , Rabenandrasana Mamitina Alain Noah , Ravaoharisoa Lucia Mélanie , Randrianaivo Narindra , Rahajamanana Vonintsoa Lalaina , Rakotovao-Ravahatra Zafindrasoa Domoina , Moura Alexandra , Lecuit Marc , Rakotovao Andriamiadana Luc
Published: June 2024

Listeriosis constitutes a significant public health threat due to its high mortality rate. This study investigates the microbiological and genomic characteristics of Listeria monocytogenes isolates in Madagascar, where listeriosis is a notifiable disease. The analysis focuses on a fatal case of meningeal listeriosis in a 12-year-old child. Genomic analysis revealed a novel cgMLST type (L2-SL8-ST8-CT11697; CC8, serogroup Iia) with typical virulence and antibiotic resistance profiles. These isolates, unique to Madagascar, formed an independent clade in the phylogenetic tree. This study presents the first genomic characterization of Listeria isolates in Madagascar, highlighting the necessity of ongoing genomic surveillance to strengthen listeriosis prevention and control strategies in the region.
Synergistic amplifier reprograms biosensor behavior to facilitate detection of dioxin-like compounds
Authors: Du Chao , Wang Yun , Wang Jiaheng , Li Shunyi , Zhou Yuling , Yi Li , Ge Jun , Zhang Guimin
Published: June 2024

Biosensors are prominent detection tools for evaluating various analytical markers. However, these devices that meet practical application scenarios are still limited, and their potential remains to be developed. In these aspects, we attempted to design and construct a synergistic amplifier consisting of two components, namely, a transcriptional activation component mediated by the Gal3 C regulator and a transcription recruitment component exploiting the function of dCas9-(SpyC) n, which work together to enhance yeast biosensor performance. This synergistic amplifier increased the signal output by 5.1-folds and the detection limit by 4.4-folds, respectively, while maintaining adjustable sensitivity and avoiding noise introduction during signal amplification. We demonstrated the use of synergistic amplifier in detecting dioxin analogues, aiming to unlock the potential of predictive modulation, and found that it achieved progress in dynamic output and detection limit. This work show that synergistic amplifier is a new paradigm for expanding signal processing pathways within synthetic genetic networks, enabling cell-based biosensors for environmental monitoring.
Cooperative breeding in songbirds promotes female song but slows the evolution of song elaboration
Authors: Snyder Kate T. , Loughran-Pierce Aleyna , Creanza Nicole
Published: June 2024

Bird song has historically been characterized as a primarily male behavior that evolves through sexual selection pressures involved in mate attraction. More recently, researchers showed that female song is far more prevalent in songbirds than previously thought, raising new questions about how other social functions of birdsong and sexual selection pressures on females might affect song evolution. Certain breeding systems, particularly cooperative breeding, are hypothesized to change social dynamics and sexual selection pressures on males and females and may thus influence song evolution in both. Here, we construct a large-scale database synthesizing species-level information on the presence of female song, the characteristics of presumably male song, social variables, and breeding systems, and we perform comparative phylogenetic analyses. Our results suggest that cooperative breeding and female song co-occur significantly more than expected and exhibit co-evolutionary dynamics; in particular, cooperative breeding appears to decrease the likelihood that female song is lost. Notably, we find evidence that these trends might be linked to certain social features associated with cooperative breeding, including social bond stability, but not others, such as increased group size. In addition, we observe that song repertoire size appears to evolve more slowly in cooperative breeding lineages. Overall, our findings demonstrate that cooperative breeding may have complex and sex-specific effects on song evolution, maintaining female song while slowing the rate of male song elaboration, suggesting that song in cooperatively breeding species could function in ways that differ from the traditional mate-attraction paradigm and that lesser-studied functions of songs may be evolutionarily consequential.
Decoding the anti-aging effect of retinol in reshaping the human skin microbiome niches
Authors: Gui Minyan , Cheng Jingmin , Lin Xueni , Guo Danni , Zhou Qi , Ma Wentao , Yang Hang , Chen Xueqing , Liu Zhao , Ma Lan , Xing Xinhui , Shu Peng , Liu Xiao
Published: June 2024

Retinol has been widely added to skincare products due to its ability to promote the proliferation of skin keratinocytes and regulate skin cell collagen expression. While it is known the skin harbors a myriad of commensal bacteria, the impact of retinol on the skin microbiome, as well as the role of the skin microbiome in mediating the anti-aging properties of retinol, remains poorly understood. In this study, we incorporated phenomics, metagenomics and metabolomics to explore the human skin alterations during the anti-aging process mediated by retinol, and potential interactions between retinol, skin microbiome and metabolites.

Topical retinol significantly improved skin conditions, including enhancing skin hydration, acidifying the epidermis, strengthening the skin barrier, and reducing the number and volume of wrinkles. Furthermore, retinol also reshaped the skin microecology by altering the structure and function of the skin microbiome as well as the host and microbial metabolites. Through GEM construction, we identified 2 skin microorganism,Sericytochromatia sp.andCorynebacterium kefirresidentiicapable of oxidizing retinol to retinal. Over 10 skin microbes can utilize UDP-glucose as a carbon source, potentially accelerating RAG hydrolysis and increasing glucuronic acid consumption. The retinoic acid and retinol generated by RAG hydrolysis are reused by skin cells and microbes, enhancing retinol metabolism and its effective duration. This combined effect between the skin microbiome and retinol improves skin condition and anti-aging efficacy.
Spinal motor neuron development and metabolism are transcriptionally regulated by Nuclear Factor IA
Authors: Gauberg Julia , Moreno Kevin B. , Jayaraman Karthik , Abumeri Sara , Jenkins Sarah , Salazar Alisa M. , Meharena Hiruy S , Glasgow Stacey M
Published: June 2024

Neural circuits governing all motor behaviors in vertebrates rely on the proper development of motor neurons and their precise targeting of limb muscles. Transcription factors are essential for motor neuron development, regulating their specification, migration, and axonal targeting. While transcriptional regulation of the early stages of motor neuron specification is well-established, much less is known about the role of transcription factors in the later stages of maturation and terminal arborization. Defining the molecular mechanisms of these later stages is critical for elucidating how motor circuits are constructed. Here, we demonstrate that the transcription factor Nuclear Factor-IA (NFIA) is required for motor neuron positioning, axonal branching, and neuromuscular junction formation. Moreover, we find that NFIA is required for proper mitochondrial function and ATP production, providing a new and important link between transcription factors and metabolism during motor neuron development. Together, these findings underscore the critical role of NFIA in instructing the assembly of spinal circuits for movement.
Deep-learning map segmentation for protein X-ray crystallographic structure determination
Authors: Skubák Pavol
Published: June 2024

When solving a structure of a protein from single-wavelength anomalous diffraction X-ray data, the initial phases obtained by phasing from an anomalously scattering substructure usually need to be improved by an iterated electron-density modification. In this manuscript, the use of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for segmentation of the initial experimental phasing electron-density maps is proposed. The results reported demonstrate that a CNN with U-net architecture, trained on several thousands of electron-density maps generated mainly using X-ray data from the Protein Data Bank in a supervised learning, can improve current density-modification methods.
Validation of electron-microscopy maps using solution small-angle X-ray scattering
Authors: Lytje Kristian , Pedersen Jan Skov
Published: June 2024

The determination of the atomic resolution structure of biomacromolecules is essential for understanding details of their function. Traditionally, such a structure determination has been performed with crystallographic or nuclear resonance methods, but during the last decade, cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) has become an equally important tool. As the blotting and flash-freezing of the samples can induce conformational changes, external validation tools are required to ensure that the vitrified samples are representative of the solution. Although many validation tools have already been developed, most of them rely on fully resolved atomic models, which prevents early screening of the cryo-TEM maps. Here, a novel and automated method for performing such a validation utilizing small-angle X-ray scattering measurements, publicly available through the new software package AUSAXS, is introduced and implemented. The method has been tested on both simulated and experimental data, where it was shown to work remarkably well as a validation tool. The method provides a dummy atomic model derived from the EM map which best represents the solution structure.
Discovering students' continuous intentions to use ChatGPT in higher education: a tale of two theories
Authors: Tan Christine Nya-Ling , Tee Mcxin , Koay Kian Yeik
Published: June 2024

Purpose

This study investigates the factors affecting university students’ intentions to continuously use ChatGPT by integrating the UTAUT3 (Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology) and ISS (Information Systems Success) theories.

Design/methodology/approach

By using self-reported questionnaires, 388 usable data from university students in Malaysia were analysed using partial least squares structural equation modelling.

Findings

The results indicate that hedonic motivation, habit, and facilitating conditions significantly impact students’ continuous intentions to utilise ChatGPT. Furthermore, system quality, information quality, service quality, and conversational quality significantly influence students’ ChatGPT satisfaction. Crucially, satisfaction is a critical factor in continuous intention to utilise ChatGPT.

Originality/value

This research integrates UTAUT3 and ISS theories to understand factors influencing university students’ satisfaction with continuous intentions to use ChatGPT, filling the gap in previous studies that have focused on these theories separately.
Presenting a model for enhancing the performance of sustainable supply chain management using a data-driven approach
Authors: Bagherpasandi Masoud , Salehi Mahdi , Hajiha Zohreh , Hejazi Rezvan
Published: June 2024

Purpose

This paper aims to determine the key factors and provide an effective model to enhance the performance of sustainable supply chain management (SSCM).

Design/methodology/approach

Data were collected using a semi-structured interview technique, a snowball sampling method and qualitative study method. For this purpose, ten supply chain and food production managers and experts were interviewed semi-structured. The data were analyzed using open, central and selective coding methods with grounded theory approach. In the proposed model, 13 principal codes have been specified, including organizational productivity, sustainable supply chain (SSC), industry supply chain, macro policies, organizational performance, social factors, economic factors, organizational factors, political factors, technology, manufactured products, customer and supply chain failures.

Findings

The model and concepts obtained from the participants clearly show that several reasons and motivations are involved in increasing the performance of SSCM. Moreover, the designed model indicates that the motives and reasons for turning to this system are satisfactory when implemented.

Originality/value

The distinctive and knowledge-enhancing feature of this paper compared to previous studies is the focus on the selected background, intervening and causal factors with the influence of strategies designed to achieve a new and local model for the SSC model and assess its impact on organizational performance and productivity. The proposed components of this paper have not been investigated so far.
Adopting Industry 4.0 through absorptive capacity and innovation ambidexterity with the moderation of learning capability
Authors: Hashem Gharib
Published: June 2024

Purpose

Based on a quantitative investigation, this paper endeavors to examine Industry 4.0 (I4.0) adoption process by studying the impacts of absorptive capacity (AC) and innovative ambidexterity (exploration, exploitation), while also considering the moderating influence of learning capability (LC).

Design/methodology/approach

Data has been gathered through administering questionnaire to 468 managers representing 175 manufacturing firms. Subsequently, PLS-SEM technique has been employed to verify the research hypotheses.

Findings

Study findings reveal that AC is significantly associated with I4.0 adoption and innovation ambidexterity. However, innovation ambidexterity demonstrates partial (only exploration) significant association with the adoption of I4.0. Similarly, the findings indicate that LC acts as a partial moderator between innovation ambidexterity (exploration) and I4.0 adoption.

Research limitations/implications

The study presents significant insights into I4.0 adoption process. The findings may support managers of manufacturing firms to understand and assess the influence of integrating contextual factors facilitating successful adoption of I4.0. The study emphasizes necessity of managers’ awareness regarding the importance of firm’s AC to transform smoothly to I4.0 technologies. In addition to, encouraging the innovation ambidexterity along with LC to enhance the adoption of I4.0.

Originality/value

While researchers demonstrate increasing interest in applying I4.0, concrete evidence to support the I4.0 adoption process is, still, insufficient due to ongoing challenges in digital transformation. Consequently, further research is needed, particularly in exploring how a firm’s ability to realize knowledge and foster innovation contributes to implementing I4.0. This paper seeks to tackle this lack of research by examining the connection between AC, innovation ambidexterity, and LC and the adoption of I4.0 in an emerging economy.
A warehousing dilemma: where do I store the material?
Authors: Desai Sumanth Pramod , Pare Sushil , Hanji Sanjay , Munshi M.M.
Published: June 2024

Learning outcomes

After completion of the case study, the students will be able to appraise the importance of different methods of location planning in warehouse selection, analyze the load distance values for warehouse location and choose the optimum location based on the load distance analysis.

Case overview/synopsis

DB Builders, a prominent Indian construction company, faced a crucial decision in selecting an ideal storage warehouse for a project involving 100 flats spread across five locations. Mr Vijay Kumar, an experienced material handling expert, was entrusted with this task as part of transitioning the company’s material allocation system toward centralization. Using practical travel distances, Kumar meticulously scouted four potential warehouse locations. The selection process hinged on three primary factors: load, distance to apartment sites, safety and cost of the premises, each carrying specific weightage. The project planning department provided scores for safety and cost, helping evaluate the options. This unique challenge arises due to varying material requirements across the apartment locations, demanding an efficient warehouse planning. The selection of the optimal storage warehouse holds paramount importance in facilitating the smooth execution of these larger projects. Kumar’s expertise and strategic decision-making are pivotal in ensuring a seamless transition toward centralized material handling, which is essential for the company’s future success.

Complexity academic level

This teaching activity is aimed at introductory/basic courses in Bachelors and Masters of Business administration.

Supplementary materials

Teaching notes are available for educators only.

Subject code

CSS 9: Operations and Logistics.