bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evolución del Impacto de la Reforma Tributaria de 2019 a 2023 en la Deducción de Gastos Personales para Contribuyentes Personas Naturales en Ecuador
Authors: Espinosa-Jaramillo María Teresa , Ricón-Castillo Elita Luisa
Published: March 2024

La reforma tributaria implementada en Ecuador en 2019 generó cambios importantes en el régimen de deducción de gastos personales de los contribuyentes personas naturales. El objetivo era aumentar la recaudación tributaria, pero tuvo un impacto directo en la carga tributaria de las personas. Este estudio analiza la evolución de este impacto entre 2019 y 2023, examinando las modificaciones en los límites de deducción, las categorías de gastos deducibles y el efecto sobre la recaudación y la carga tributaria. Los resultados muestran una disminución progresiva de las deducciones y un aumento de la presión fiscal. En 2019 se eliminaron las deducciones por educación, sanidad, alimentación, vestido y vivienda, estableciéndose un límite del 50 % sobre la base imponible. Para 2022 el límite se redujo a 10 % y 20 % respectivamente de acuerdo a la canasta básica familiar y en 2023 se eliminaron totalmente y que los gastos personales ahora dependen de las cargas familiares, esto afectó a los contribuyentes de ingresos medios-altos que antes deducían gastos. En resumen, la reforma tuvo un impacto progresivo en la reducción de los beneficios tributarios para los contribuyentes individuales, facilitando una mayor recaudación pero también implicando una mayor carga tributaria para los individuos con ingresos medios y altos. Los efectos son evidentes entre 2019 y 2023, si bien permite una mayor recaudación, afecta negativamente a quienes antes deducían gastos personales.
Aula virtual invertida en el paradigma del aprendizaje
Authors: Mejia-Mejia Elias , Díaz-Flores Francis
Published: March 2024

El presente artículo sostiene la tesis que el problema central de la pedagogía, y de la educación en general, es el aprendizaje del estudiante y no, como por lo común se afirma, es la enseñanza del profesor o, que son procesos integrados: enseñanza-aprendizaje. La pandemia del 2020 ha obligado a conducir estudios de posgrado en forma virtual, lo que ha puesto en evidencia que, en la fase asincrónica del proceso, los estudiantes realizan el aprendizaje, por lo que hemos formulado la siguiente hipótesis: Los grupos de estudiantes de posgrado que cursaron estudios virtuales, mejoran sus niveles de aprendizaje con respecto a los grupos de estudiantes de posgrado que cursaron estudios presenciales. Para probarla hemos trabajado con dos muestras independientes. La primera constituida por 300 estudiantes de posgrado que cursaron estudios presenciales en los semestres académicos 2019-I y 2019-II, cuyo promedio final fue de 16,3033, y la segunda, constituida por 300 estudiantes de posgrado que cursaron estudios virtuales en los semestres académicos 2020-I y 2020-II y cuyo promedio final fue de 17,7533. La prueba T de Student arroja que el grupo de estudiantes que cursó estudios virtuales mejoró significativamente sus niveles de aprendizaje, pues el P-Valor hallado es .000, menor que α elegido: 0,05, resultado que conduce a rechazar la hipótesis nula y mantener vigente la hipótesis de trabajo.
Neuromarketing and consumer behavior of the company Alimentos Procesados Agrícolas S.A.C., in Los Olivos 2022
Authors: Padilla-Cancho Adrian , Quispe-Minaya Gibson , Meneses-Claudio Brian , Zarate-Ruiz Gustavo
Published: March 2024

Neuromarketing strategies are very important for companies to attract and retain customers or end consumers. But nowadays these strategies are not being applied in our country in a professional way. Therefore, the study developed proposes to analyze neuromarketing in the behavior of consumers of the company Alimentos Procesados agrícola S.AC. The methodology proposed in this research was of qualitative approach with a descriptive scope. The results of the interviewees indicate that they do not apply neuromarketing correctly or do not have professional knowledge of neuromarketing. In conclusion, the importance of applying the study proposed in this research work is identified because it provides many benefits and improvements to their businesses or companies
Influence of Innovation on the Business Competitiveness of SMEs in Urbanization Panamericana Norte, Los Olivos 2022
Authors: Ríos-Jimenes Paul , Solis-Briceño Brenda , Meneses-Claudio Brian , Zarate-Ruiz Gustavo
Published: March 2024

Companies currently need certain skills to adapt to the changes imposed by the environment with a continuous improvement in processes. For this reason, innovation is considered fundamental to be competitive in the organization. Therefore, the research being developed aims to explain how innovation influences the competitiveness of SMEs in the Panamericana Norte urbanization, year 2022. The method used for this research was quantitative, non-experimental, this is so, since it will be carried out without deliberately modifying the variables, looking at them as they were presented in their own context. Causal descriptive. The present study will be developed in the Urbanización Panamericana Norte, Los Olivos, to the different SMEs that are located in this area dedicated to the commercialization of varied products. These surveys will focus on the customers who visit these SMEs. Therefore, the surveys will be conducted with the customers, since they can provide information about the product purchased. Likewise, the population determined for the current research work will be made up of the 930 customers of the SMEs in Urbanización Panamericana Norte, Los Olivos. In addition, a probabilistic sampling with a simple random sample of 93 clients of the SMEs in Urbanización Panamericana Norte, Los Olivos will be carried out. In addition, SPSS was used to analyze and obtain information from the study. With respect to the results of the variables, it was found that there is a direct relationship between them, since the analysis obtained a Spearman's Rho of ,837. It is concluded from the research work that there is a directly proportional relationship between the variables Innovation and Competitiveness
Evaluation of the Effect of De-icing Chemicals on Performance of Airport Concrete Pavement under Freeze-Thaw Cycles
Authors: Sadeghi Seyed Saleh , Abdi Kordani Ali , Zarei Mohammad
Published: March 2024

Weather conditions such as rainfall and freeze-thaw cycles affect the pavement performance of airports; therefore, methods such as using de-icing chemicals are considered in order to maintain the normal condition of the airport runway. In addition to the above factors, de-icing chemicals play an important role in pavement performance and the damage caused to it due to their chemical nature. Therefore, investigating the effect of de-icing chemicals and determining the appropriate material to maintain the airport's pavement is a priority for engineers. In this study, the effect of three de-icing chemicals, sodium chloride, potassium acetate, and ethylene glycol (at concentrations of 23.3%, 49%, and 69.07%, respectively) on skid resistance (The British Pendulum Test (BPT) and The Road Test Machine (RTM)) and the mechanical properties (Compressive Strength Test) of the concrete under Freezing and Thawing Cycle were investigated. The BPT test results showed that sodium chloride resulted in better skid resistance than other chemicals when the number of cycles is more than 100 cycles. This result was also obtained for all cycles in the RTM test. Also, ethylene glycol was not suitable for improving skid resistance based on BPT and RTM tests. Furthermore, the results of the compressive strength of concrete mixtures showed that the de-icing chemicals reduced the compressive strength of concrete mixtures. Based on all the results, sodium chloride had better results than other chemicals.
Efficiency and Factors for Agricultural Use of Sludge in Circular Bulgarian Economy
Authors: BACHEV Hrabrin , IVANOV Bozhidar
Published: March 2024

Despite their relevance, in-depth studies of diverse effects and factors of sludge utilization in Bulgarian agriculture are at an early stage. This paper presents results of a large-scale study aimed at determining socio-economic effects of sludge utilization in Bulgarian agriculture. First, an approach is presented to assess the multilateral effects, efficiencies and factors of sludge utilization in agriculture. Then various factors stimulating and limiting the utilization of sludge in Bulgarian farms are identified. Results of a case study of a holding using sludge as fertilizer are then presented. Based on a qualitative analysis of regulations and institutional structure, and surveys with managers and experts of urban wastewater treatment plants, and farmers using and not-using sludge, the institutional, political, organizational, personal, educational, informational, social, economic, and environmental factors influencing agricultural sludge utilization in two regions (Sofia and Burgas) are identified. Impact factors are generally divided: factors influencing the behavior of agents, and factors determining the type and extent of the effects of sludge use in agriculture. Research is to continue and deepen to establish the economic, sectoral and regional specificities on the basis of more representative information from all participants and interested parties in effective utilization of sludge in the country. 
The Broadband Penetration in Europe
Authors: COSTANTIELLO Alberto , LAURETI Lucio , LEOGRANDE Angelo
Published: March 2024

In this article we estimate the determinants of broadband penetration in Europe. We use data from the European Innovation Scoreboard of the European Commission for 37 countries in the period 2010-2019. We apply Panel Data with Fixed Effects, Panel Data with Random Effects, WLS, OLS and Dynamic Panel. We found that the level of “Broadband Penetration” in Europe is positively associated to “Enterprises Providing ICT Training”, “Innovative Sales Share”, “Intellectual Assets”, “Knowledge-Intensive Service Exports”, “Turnover Share SMEs”, “Innovation Friendly Environment” and negatively associated with “Government procurement of advanced technology products”, “Sales Impact”, “Firm Investments”, “Opportunity-Driven Entrepreneurship”, “Most Cited Publications”, “Rule of Law”. In adjunct we perform a clusterization with k-Means algorithm optimized with the Silhouette Coefficient and we find the presence of three different clusters. Finally, we apply eight machine learning algorithms to predict the level of “Broadband Penetration” in Europe and we find that the Polynomial Regression algorithm is the best predictor and that the level of the variable is expected to increase of 10,4%.
Studi Jenis dan Kerapatan Ikan Familia Cichlidae Sebagai Handout Biologi SMA
Authors: Haekal Ahmad Fazri , Halang Bunda , Zaini Muhammad
Published: March 2024

Tujuan penelitian menentukan jenis dan kerapatan ikan famili Cichlidae yang ditemukan di Sungai Beringin Kencana Kecamatan Tabunganen dengan (1) mendeskripsikan validitas bahan ajar (handout) yang disusun berdasarkan data jenis dan kerapatan ikan famili Cichlidae sebagai penunjang konsep keanekaragaman hayati dan (2) mendeskripsikan uji keterbacaan yaitu pada 5 orang Siswa SMA 1 Tamban kelas XI IPA, yang telah menempuh materi Keanekaragaman Hayati di Kelas X dengan nilai mencapai KKM. Jenis penelitian yakni penelitian dan pengembangan (R & D) dengan mengacu pada model pengembangan Borg and Gall. Penelitian menggunakan 5 tahapan saja, yakni penelitian dan pengumpulan data, perencanaan, pengembangan produk awal atau draft, pengujian lapangan awal, dan revisi utama. Penelitian ini mengembangkan handout untuk materi pengayaan Biologi SMA Kelas X di SMA 1 Tamban. Hasil penelitian deskriptif yang didapatkan dua jenis ikan dari famili Cichlidae yaitu ikan mujair (Oreochromis mossambicus) dan ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus). Kerapatan famili Cichlidae yang ditemukan di daerah penelitian dalam dua hari pengamatan dengan angka kerapatan ikan mujair tertinggi pada wilayah vegetasi 1,62 ind/titik sedangkan pada wilayah pemukiman yaitu 1,07 ind/titik dan kerapatan ikan nila pada wilayah vegetasi 0,83 ind/titik sedangkan angka kerapatan terendah pada wilayah pemukiman yaitu 0,65 ind/titik. Penilaian validitas handout yang dikembangkan dinyatakan sangat valid berdasarkan 3 validator dengan total rata-rata 94,16% sesuai pada isi, aspek penyajian, dan aspek bahasa. Penilaian uji keterbacaan dari 5 siswa didapatan hasil skor 90,5 % dengan kriteria sangat baik
Promoting prevention to fake news through an educational software
Authors: Santos Valmir V. de Almeida , Pereira Claudia Pinto
Published: March 2024

This paper discusses the development of an educational system that aims to train individuals to recognize false information. The application includes a news analysis module, which highlights information that can help the user read a news story. To do this, the users simply needs to enter the link to the news they wish to analyze. In addition, the system also contains a training module, in which real examples of news stories to be analyzed by users are shown. For each news example, the user must state whether they believe the information to be true or false. The design of the product is theoretically anchored in lateral reading and inoculation theory. The tool was validated in two phases. The first involved 26 participants from different age groups and showed positive acceptance of the software, especially in terms of efficiency and attractiveness. The second phase of validation was aimed specifically at the elderly and had 16 responses, which indicated a deterioration in the user experience for this type of audience, prompting the need to enhance the application with more instructional and accessibility elements.
Evaluating the Efficacy of Real-Time Connected Vehicle Basic Safety Messages in Mitigating Aberrant Driving Behaviour and Risk of Vehicle Crashes: Preliminary Insights from Highway Scenarios
Authors: Zhong Nan , Gupta Munish Kumar , Kochan Orest , Cheng Xiangping
Published: March 2024

Connected vehicle (CV) technology has revolutionised the intelligent transportation management system by providing new perspectives and opportunities. To further improve risk perception and early warning capabilities in intricate traffic scenarios, a comprehensive field test was conducted within a CV framework. Initially, data for basic safety messages (BSM) were systematically gathered within a real-world vehicle test platform. Subsequently, an innovative approach was introduced that combined multimodal interactive filtering with an advanced vehicle dynamics model to integrate BSM vehicle motion data with observations from roadside units. In addition, a driving condition perception methodology was developed, leveraging rough sets and an enhanced support vector machine (SVM), to identify aberrant driver behaviours and potential driving risks effectively. Furthermore, this study integrated BSM data from various scenarios, including car-following, lane changes, and free driving within the CV environment, to formulate multidimensional driving state sequence patterns for short-term predictions (0.5 s) utilising the long short-term memory (LSTM) model framework. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed approach in accurately identifying potentially hazardous driving conditions and promptly predicting collision risks. The findings from this research hold substantial promise in advancing road traffic safety management.
Analytical Analysis of Power Network Stability: Necessary and Sufficient Conditions
Authors: Soleimani Javad , Farhangi Reza , Karabulut Kurt Gunes , Mechershavi Fatemeh
Published: March 2024

The investigation of the synchronization of Kuramoto oscillators is a crucial applied model for studying harmonization in oscillating phenomena across physical, biological, and engineering networks. This chapter builds on previous studies by exploring the synchronization of Kuramoto oscillators while also conforming to more realistic models. Using the LaSalle Invariance Principle and contraction property, we introduce the necessary and sufficient conditions for frequency synchronization and phase cohesiveness. The novelty of this chapter’s contents lies in three key areas: First, we consider a heterogeneous second-order model with non-uniformity in coupling topology. Second, we apply a non-zero and non-uniform phase shift in coupling function. Third, we introduce a new Lyapunov-based stability analysis technique. Our findings demonstrate that heterogeneity in the network and the phase shift in the coupling function are key factors in network synchronization. We present the synchronization conditions based on network graph-theoretical characteristics and the oscillators’ parameters. Analysis of the results reveals that an increase in the phase shift and heterogeneity of oscillators will complicate the synchronization conditions. Numerical simulations confirm the validity of our theoretical results. One of the main applications of this study is the development of stability conditions for smart grids with Lossy-Power Network.
Stem Cells from Dental Pulp of Deciduous Teeth: Twenty Years of Experience
Authors: Kerkis Irina , Valverde Wenceslau Cristiane , Pinheiro Araldi Rodrigo
Published: March 2024

Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are a special mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) type. These cells can be isolated from the dental pulp (DP) of deciduous, adult, and wisdom teeth. Stem cells from milk/baby teeth fall naturally, representing an advantageous source of young stem cells. These cells are less studied than MSCs from bone marrow, adipose tissue, and umbilical cord. MSCs from these sources are currently widely used in clinical studies. However, obtaining significant quantities of DPSCs from one donor is still challenging, thus limiting their systemic application in patients, which requires doses starting from 5 × 105 per kg of weight and higher. In this chapter, we would like to share our experience of more than 20 years in the isolation and scaling up of DPSC from deciduous teeth. We will also provide information about their in vitro growth, differentiation, and therapeutic potential observed in animal models that mimic human diseases or injuries in preclinical studies. Finally, we will discuss our experience of DPSC production under good manufacturing practice conditions and their use in regulated clinical studies in Brazil for Huntington’s disease.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Gait Disturbance: Is There Any Meaningful Link? Unveiling the Interplay and Addressing the Challenges
Authors: A. Ansari Khalid
Published: March 2024

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive lung condition characterized by airflow limitation and respiratory symptoms such as shortness of breath, chronic cough, and sputum production. The relationship between COPD and gait disturbance is orchestrated by a complex interplay of factors. Airflow obstruction, the hallmark of COPD, imposes a strain on the respiratory system, leading to breathlessness and fatigue. This relentless struggle for breath forces individuals with COPD to curtail their walking pace, where they adopt a shortened stride and reduced step height. Furthermore, the chronic inflammation associated with COPD infiltrates skeletal muscles, leading to muscle weakness and decreased muscle mass. This insidious process further impairs gait, diminishing the ability to generate the necessary force for efficient ambulation. This chapter will explore the connection between COPD and gait disturbance, examining the underlying mechanisms, prevalence, impact, and management strategies to prevent fall-related injuries and improve the well-being of individuals affected by this challenging combination.
Methods to Learn Clinical Pediatric Nursing for Nurse Students
Authors: Vasset Frøydis , Ulvund Ingeborg , Sundal Hildegunn
Published: March 2024

It is useful to learn about somatically ill children when implementing project-based learning. The students interview children’s nurses/parents with sick children and this enables/strengthens the students’ learning. Students learned pediatric nursing after completing the pediatric project, which is part of the nursing program. Some students learned in an international clinical placement in a pediatric ward. Combined learning from inside and outside educational institutions is useful. How can nursing students learn pediatric nursing in nursing education in the future, with large cohorts of nurses and few internships? This chapter is composed of several studies, both quantitative studies with questionnaires from 159 nursing students and qualitative studies with individual interviews of 18 nursing students after international clinical placement in a pediatric ward and eight nurses who had an international clinical placement in a pediatric ward as nurse students. And some studies about simulation in nursing studies and studies about clinical practice in other countries.
Space and Ground-based Earth Observations for Hazards Valuation and Disaster Risk Management in the Era of Climate Change
Authors: A.H. Gadallah Nasradeen , A.H. Siddig Ahmed
Published: March 2024

Quantifying hazards and assessing the risks in the era of climate change using Space and Ground-based Earth Observations (SAGEOs) is playing a key role in facilitating the implementation of frameworks and are essential for observing and assessing how risks have changed in recent years, as well as tracking the reduction in the level of exposure of communities to the hazards. SGEOs provide the context, scale, and perspective needed to understand various hazards, such as floods, seismic activities, wildfire, and coastal erosion, and are crucial for informing risk reduction and disaster management efforts. Correspondingly, SAGEOs contribute to the development of early warning systems for climate-related hazards, supporting timely and effective disaster preparedness and response. The integration of SAGEOs supports risk-informed decision-making by providing essential information for vulnerability and exposure mapping, thus informing adaptation planning and the development of climate-resilient strategies. In conclusion, quantifying hazards and assessing the risks of climate change using SAGEOs is vital for understanding, monitoring, and mitigating the impacts of climate-related hazards. These observations provide valuable data for characterizing hazards, developing early warning systems, and informing risk reduction and disaster management efforts, thus playing a critical role in building climate resilience and reducing disaster risks.
Perspective Chapter: Wild Bees – Importance, Threats, and Conservation Challenges
Authors: Sri Vishnu Murthy Jasti , Gudi Ramakrishna Bindu , Chellappan Mani , M.T. Ranjith
Published: March 2024

Wild bees hold tremendous significance as vital natural pollinators on a global scale. Approximately 20,000 bee species have been described worldwide. They are efficient pollinators owing to their species diversity and abundance, varied floral preferences, flight times, and reliance on weather conditions. Moreover, the extent and nature of pollination services provided by wild bees differ with geographical location, landscape type, climate conditions, and floral morphology. The decline of bees can be attributed to a combination of factors, such as loss, modification, and fragmentation of habitat, pesticide utilization, climate change, and the introduction of pests and diseases. Unlike honey bees, wild bees cannot easily be cultivated or reared in artificial conditions, hence strategies are needed to protect wild bees in the field. Conservation efforts can focus on protecting and restoring their natural habitats in different types of landscapes, implementing measures in human-altered environments, and utilizing human-made tools to support their well-being.
Digitizing complex tasks in water management with multilevel analysis
Authors: Müller-Czygan Günter
Published: March 2024

In the course of the debate about suitable digitalization solutions in the water industry, it is becoming clear that planning and implementation are characterized by growing complexity. Aspects such as sensor selection, IoT, cyber security, and artificial intelligence are shaping the public debate when it comes to digitalization solutions in the water industry. However, they only represent a small part of a comprehensive and holistic package of measures for a necessary digitalization system. Rather, a functional-systemic approach and implementation method is required, in which, in addition to purely digital aspects, water management-related topics and questions of organization as well as the role of people in these processes must be answered. As a consequence of this need, the Hof University of Applied Sciences has developed a special form of a “multi-level analysis” method for the parallel survey of complex water management challenges, the identification of digitalization priorities, and the definition of an ideal starting point for the implementation of measures.
Novel Approaches for Point Cloud Analysis with Evidential Methods: A Multifaceted Approach to Object Pose Estimation, Point Cloud Odometry, and Sensor Registration
Authors: Bhandari Vedant , Phillips Tyson , McAree Ross
Published: March 2024

Autonomous agents must understand their environment to make decisions. Perception systems often interpret point cloud measurements to extract beliefs about their surroundings. A common strategy is to seek beliefs that are least likely to be false, commonly known as cost-based approaches. These metrics have limitations in practical applications, such as in the presence of noisy measurements, dynamic objects, and debris. Modern solutions integrate additional stages such as segmentation to counteract these limitations, thereby increasing the complexity of the algorithms while being internally flawed. An alternative strategy is to extract beliefs that are best supported by the data. We call these evidence-based methods. This difference allows for robustness to the limitations of using cost-based methods without needing complex additional stages. Essential perception tasks such as object pose estimation, point cloud odometry, and sensor registration are solved using evidence-based methods. The demonstrated approaches are simple, require minimum configuration and tuning, and circumvents the need for additional processing stages.
PON-FTTX Architecture and Bandwidth Analysis for Future Broadband Communications
Authors: E. Abejide Adebayo , Duarte Paulo , Patel Romil , Pandey Sushma , R. Kota Madhava , Pinho Cátia , Novo Catarina , Julius Popoola Jide , Ajewale Alimi Isiaka , Lima Mario , Teixeira António
Published: March 2024

Huge traffic and high bandwidth requirement of 5G and beyond networks call for holistic planning to establish seamless and cost-efficient transmission. Current and future passive optical networks (PON) will undoubtedly play an active role in actualizing a high-speed and cost-efficient networks through integration with 5G radio access networks (RAN) architecture. In doing this, fast speed modulation at each connection in the 5G xhaul architectures is required to cope with the strict latency and bandwidth requirements at each section. In this chapter, PON evolution up to the current and future PONs is reviewed to study different modulation approaches, their limitations, and complexities. We further reviewed different PON architectures and proposed usage possibilities for 5G and beyond networks.
Effect of Intravenous Vitamin C on Serum Level and Urinary Excretion of Methadone in Patients with Methadone Poisoning: A Randomized Single-Blind Clinical Trial
Authors: Ghiasi Bahareh , Khalighi Zahra , Sadat Hashemi Maryam , Mirzaei Amin , Abbasi Naser , Mozafari Aliashraf
Published: March 2024

Background: Methadone poisoning intentionally or accidentally leads to a high rate of treatment burden and cost and deaths. The evaluation of the factors affecting the severity of poisoning can reduce recovery time, costs, and potential risks. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effect of intravenous vitamin C (ascorbic acid) administration on serum level and urinary excretion of methadone. Patients and Methods: In this single-blind study, 54 patients who were diagnosed with methadone poisoning were divided into three groups. The two intervention groups received different doses of vitamin C, including 12 and 24 g, and the control group received normal saline. The serum methadone level and urine pH were measured at the time of arrival and 24 hours after admission. The data were analyzed using repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) in STATA version 12. Results: In this study, 18 patients were placed in each group. The three groups were not significantly different in basic variables, such as age, gender, and methadone dosage. Between and within-group comparison showed a significant decrease in the serum methadone levels over time after adjusting age, gender and methadone dosage (P < 0.05). Post-hoc analyses revealed a significant difference in methadone reduction between 12 g of vitamin C and control groups (P = 0.04), and there was no significant difference between the control and 24 g of vitamin C groups (P > 0.05). However, between and within-group comparisons showed no significant difference between the three groups in terms of urine pH (P > 0.05). In addition, interaction was observed between intervention and time on serum methadone levels (P < 0.001) and urine pH (P = 0.04) variables. Conclusions: Consuming 12 g of vitamin C further reduced the serum methadone level in patients with methadone poisoning. There was no effect on methadone urinary excretion in patients.
Antibiotic Resistance of Streptococcus spp. Isolated from the Root Surface of Extracted Teeth to Penicillin V and Clindamycin Using E-Test
Authors: Akhavan Karbassi Mohammad Hassan , Kheirollahi Faraz , Zandi Hengameh , Falahzadeh Mohammadhossein , Navab Azam Alireza Reza
Published: March 2024

Background: Antibiotics are used to treat and prevent oral infections. Clindamycin and penicillin are widely used drugs in this field. Poor use of antibacterial agents causes the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Objectives: The present study examined and compared the frequency distribution of resistance of streptococci isolated from the root surface of extracted teeth to penicillin V and clindamycin. This study was conducted in 2021 in Yazd, Iran. Methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional study performed in vitro. The samples were taken from the root surfaces of 50 teeth immediately after extraction and transferred to the laboratory in a transfer medium. After cultivation, isolation, and identification, the antibiotic resistance of isolates was measured by the E-test method. The data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 23). Results: Streptococci spp. were isolated from 46 samples (92%) without environmental contamination. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) 50 and MIC 90 for penicillin V were 0.5 μg/mL and 1 μg/mL, respectively, and for clindamycin, 0.125 μg/mL and 0.19 μg/mL, respectively, which was significantly (P = 0.0001) lower for clindamycin. Intermediate sensitivity to penicillin V was 95.6%, and resistance to clindamycin was 21.8%. Conclusions: It seems that except in limited cases where there is resistance to clindamycin, this antibiotic is a more effective drug to control the bacteria in the mouth. However, in some cases, aerobic isolates showed intermediate sensitivity to penicillin V; instead, resistance to clindamycin was observed.
Metodická příručka participativního bydlení
Authors: Káňová Markéta , Kubala Petr , Orcígr Václav , Tichý David
Published: March 2024

Participatory housing means that residents are involved in the preparation, investment and management of all or part of the housing project. There are a number of reasons why residents engage in participatory housing projects: as a response to declining housing affordability, to improve the quality of housing and its architectural design, to increase resilience to the climate crisis, or to improve neighbourhood relations. Household cooperation and coordination is transforming relationships in housing construction and management. In this situation, residents are not passive recipients of municipal housing policies, nor are they individual, independent households that only address their housing situation in the housing market. This methodology presents them as actors in the construction and management of housing, as neighbours and as natural partners of the municipality. The aim is to outline the ways in which municipalities can support and develop participatory housing, and to discuss the limitations of this approach.
Penerapan Metode Proyek dalam Meningkatkan Kreativitas Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Utami Tri Utami
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan penerapan metode proyek dalam meningkatkan kreativitas anak usia dini di TK ABA Al Hikmah. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Data-data penelitian dikumpulkan melalui kegiatan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan model analisis interaktif. Data-data hasil penelitian diuji kembali keabsahannya dengan menggunakan triangulasi sumber dan metode. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan metode proyek pada pembelajaran di TK ABA Al Hikmah meliputi fase kerja metode proyek yaitu: (1) fase 1 (memulai proyek) meliputi pemilihan tema, webbing awal untuk mengetahui pengetahuan awal tentang tema; fase 2 (mengembangkan proyek) meliputi menggali informasi melalui buku, film, wawancara dengan guru tamu, dan trip serta merencanakan proyek akhir; fase 3 (menyelesaikan proyek) meliputi pembuatan proyek, pameran, webbing akhir dan exit point; (2) pembelajaran dengan metode proyek telah meningkatkan kreativitas anak usia dini antara lain mempunyai rasa ingin tahu yang tinggi, memiliki daya imajinasi tinggi, menghasilkan suatu bentuk, menjawab pertanyaan sederhana, dan memiliki tanggungjawab.
Rısk factors and management methods ın ındustrıal venture enterprıses
Authors:   Azerbaijan State University of Oil and Industry, Salaev K.V.
Published: March 2024

In the face of economic volatility and technological advancement, venture capital firms in the industrial sector face a number of risks that require effective management. The study identifies key risks such as technological innovation, regulatory change and market volatility and proposes strategies for mitigating them. It emphasises the importance of an integrated approach to risk management that includes monitoring, adaptive technologies and strategies to mitigate regulatory impact, providing recommendations for establishing effective risk management policies for ventures.
Gas exchange abnormalities in Long COVID are driven by the alteration of the vascular component
Authors: Imeri Gianluca , Conti Caterina , Caroli Anna , Arrigoni Alberto , Bonaffini Pietro , Sironi Sandro , Novelli Luca , Raimondi Federico , Chiodini Greta , Vargiu Simone , Di Marco Fabiano
Published: March 2024

Background: There are uncertainties whether the impairment of lung diffusing capacity in COVID-19 is due to an alteration in the diffusive conductance of the alveolar membrane (Dm), or an alteration of the alveolar capillary volume (Vc), or a combination of both. The combined measurement DLNO and DLCO diffusion, owing to NO higher affinity and faster reaction rate with haemoglobin compared to CO, enables the simultaneous and rapid determination of both Vc and Dm. The aim of the present study was to better identify the precise cause of post-COVID-19 diffusion impairment.Methods: Using the combined NO and CO gas transfer techniques (DLNO and DLCO), it is possible to better understand whether gas exchange abnormalities are due to membrane or alveolar capillary volume components. The present study was aimed at evaluating pulmonary gas exchange one year after severe COVID-19. Results: The cohort included 33 survivors to severe COVID-19 (median age 67 years, 70% male) with no pre-existing lung disease, who underwent clinical, lung function and imaging assessments at 12 months due to persistence of respiratory symptoms or radiological impairment. The gas exchange abnormalities were mainly determined by the compromise of the vascular component as demonstrated by vascular pattern of gas exchange impairment (i.e., DLNO/DLCO≥110%, 76% of the sample), and by a reduction of the Vc (73%), while the Dm was reduced only in 9% of the entire sample. We did not find a correlation between the gas exchange impairment and the extent of the chest CT alterations (DLCO p = 0.059 and DLNO p = 0.054), which on average were found to be mild (11% of the parenchyma).Conclusion: In COVID-19 survivors who are still symptomatic or have minimal CT findings at one year, gas exchange abnormalities are determined by impairment of the vascular component, rather than the diffusive component of the alveolar membrane.
On the Structure and Accumulation of Realist Content
Authors: Cordero Alberto ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: March 2024

Ever since the heyday of the Vienna Circle, scientific realists have worked hard to document and clarify the structure and growth of truth content in theoretical descriptions. Today, this trait is particularly intense among “selective realists” – realists focused on theory parts with high empirical corroboration rather than whole theories. From their perspective, theories with posits systematically deployed in corroborated novel predictions are, with high probability, descriptively true or contain a proper part that is. Unlike traditional realists, selectivists acknowledge that (a) radical conceptual change is a recurring scientific phenomenon and (b) empirical theories have poor reliability records at the most profound ontological level. At the same time, they point to significant descriptive continuities at intermediate theoretical levels between successful theories and their successors – i.e., a false theory can (and often does) contain parts that succeed as correct descriptions. Selectivists seek to identify those parts. Their approaches limit ontological commitment exclusively to highly confirmed theoretical descriptions; unfortunately, the selection criteria they use seemingly support many regrettable choices. One source of trouble is that extant approaches leave unclear the ontology described by the selected parts. Historical cases and scientific practice gesture toward a functional resolution of this difficulty, but the clues could be more transparent and need elaboration. Otherwise, selectivism has improved in consistency over the last three decades. Current projects emphasize the continuity of well-established scientific content (relating to how entities and processes effectively behave within a specific regime or descriptive level) instead of just the continuity of “structure”. This paper provides some clarifications that arguably clear the road for realist commitment toward functional and effective theoretical content. The proposed functional/effective turn is checked against some plausible objections.
Wittgenstein, Carnap, & Copernicus
Authors: Sullivan Arthur ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: March 2024

My point of departure is a passage in which Coffa claims: “Wittgenstein’s and Carnap’s insights on the a priori belong in the same family as Kant’s... What we witness circa 1930 is a Copernican turn that, like Kant’s, bears the closest connection to the a priori; but its topic is meaning rather than experience” [Coffa, 1991, p. 263]. I draw out Kantian resonances in Wittgenstein’s and Carnap’s work on logic, grammar, and theoretical frameworks. In the end, Coffa’s remark comes out as significantly illuminating for a variety of questions, issues, and dynamic historical trends.
Propagación espacial de una epidemia en el contexto de autómatas celulares
Authors:   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Brasil, Cargnelutti Rossato Marcelo , da Costa Azevedo Meyer João Frederico ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Brasil
Published: March 2024

COVID-19 es una enfermedad que superó la marca de 760 millones de casos confirmados, además de causar más de 6:8 millones de muertes, lo que revela la importancia de buscar y estudiar estrategias para controlar su propagación. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este trabajo es analizar dos de los principales mecanismos propuestos para controlar la propagación de esta enfermedad: el confinamiento y la vacunación. Para hacerlo, se construyó un autómata celular basado en un modelo compartimental SCEIRDV, con susceptibles, confinados, expuestos, infectados, recuperados, muertos y vacunados. Se realizaron simulaciones en escenarios con y sin confinamiento y/o vacunación, analizando principalmente el número de muertes, el promedio de infectados por día y el máximo de individuos simultáneamente infectados. Se concluyó que ambas estrategias contribuyeron a la reducción de estos indicadores, especialmente cuando se adoptaron conjuntamente.
Patogénesis a través de los sistemas: un modelo conceptual de redes de reacción del proceso de infección de Salmonella enterica
Authors:   Universidad de Santiago, Chile, Vivanco Castillo Erika , Flores Campos Daniela ,   Universidad de las Américas, Chile
Published: March 2024

Salmonella enterica es un patógeno bacteriano asociado al intestino que puede invadir las células huésped y diseminarse a través del cuerpo usando maquinaria molecular compleja. La interacción entre la respuesta inmune del huésped y la bacteria está llena de muchas interacciones en diferentes niveles de complejidad y escalas moleculares. Esta interacción huésped-patógeno se puede modelar a través de redes de reacción. Las redes de reacción son modelos matemáticos que representan interacciones y dinámicas de sus componentes para proporcionar un marco cuantitativo para el estudio de procesos biológicos complejos. Aunque las redes de reacción se han utilizado para modelar procesos biológicos, la dinámica multinivel de la interacción huésped-patógeno es difícil de modelar con los enfoques de modelado actuales que limitan los conocimientos del sistema. Aquí mostramos que el proceso de infección de Salmonella enterica y su interacción con el sistema inmunológico del huésped se pueden modelar a través de redes de reacción para formar un modelo conceptual y obtener información sobre los procesos clave de infección.
Sharon Washington Takes Helm of NWP
Authors: Bauman Amy
Published: March 2024

A Conversation with the new Executive Director for the National Writing Project
Interview with Tracy Kidder
Authors: Collier Lorna
Published: March 2024

Kidder says he writes “to Catch the Reflection of a Human Being on the Page”
President’s Commentary: “A Literary Education—Priceless”
Authors: Jago Carol
Published: March 2024

Carol Jago believes reading literature helps students see the world both as it is and as it might be.
E-Portfolios Prove Their Power at the K-12 Level
Authors: Aronson Deb
Published: March 2024

The Virginia Beach City Public School District believes in the portfolio process.
Reader’s Commentary: Taking the Leap across the Digital Chasm
Authors: Hogue Dawn
Published: March 2024

Dawn Hogue suggests that embracing the 21st century paradigm should inspire not fear but excitement. But we all must start with that first step.
This Is the Remix!
Authors: Pough Gendolyn
Published: March 2024

Renewing Composition and Rhetoric in Louisville-CCCC Convention, March 17â€“20, 2010.
Personal Experience Narrative and Public Debate: Writing the Wrongs of Welfare
Authors: Brush Lisa D. , Higgins Lorraine D.
Published: March 2024

Personal narrative embeds the expertise of subordinated groups in stories that seldom translate into public debate. The authors describe a community writing project in which welfare recipients used personal narratives to enter into the public record their tacit and frequently discounted knowledge. The research illustrates the difficulties and possibilities “rhetorical, emotional, and material” of constructing narratives that “cross publics.”
Interchanges: Responses to Richard Fulkerson, Composition at the Turn of the Twenty-First Century (June 2005)
Authors: Dickson Alan Chidsey , Mejía Jaime Armin , Zorn Jeffrey , Harkin Patricia , Fulkerson Richard
Published: March 2024

Published in the June 2005 issue, Richard Fulkerson’s “Composition at the Turn of the Twenty-First Century” brought comments from several readers. In the spirit of this free-wheeling discussion reminiscent of rather lengthy letters to the Editor, these appear as submitted, virtually all of their rambunctiousness intact (with the exception of customary yet spare copyediting). Following these is a response by Professor Fulkerson. If your own copy of the June 2005 issue isn’t handy, Fulkerson’s article can also be found on CCC Online (www.inventio.us/ccc).
Interchanges: Commenting on William Thelin’s “Understanding Problems in Critical Classrooms” Can We Be Critical of Critical Pedagogy
Authors: Durst Russel K.
Published: March 2024

Russel Durst has written a commentary on “Understanding Problems in Critical Classrooms” by William Thelin, published in September 2005; I have invited William Thelin to respond. The full text of the original article is also available at http://inventio.us/ccc.
Acknowledging the Rough Edges of Resistance: Negotiation of Identities for First-Year Composition
Authors: Kill Melanie
Published: March 2024

In the interest of better understanding the challenges of enacting new pedagogies in the classroom, the following essay focuses on the role of genre and uptake in the relational negotiation of self-presentation. I argue that to bring our teaching practices in line with our best intentions and most progressive pedagogies we need to be aware not only that reliance on the legibility associated with familiar subject positions motivates student resistance in the composition classroom but, moreover, that our interest in securing self-presentations as teachers may motivate everyday interactions that work to maintain the status quo.
Across the Drafts
Authors: Sommers Nancy
Published: March 2024

This is the second installment in the Re-Visions series’ an occasional series for which I invite essays that reconsider important work previously published in the pages of CCC. The full text of Nancy Sommers’s “Responding to Student Writing” (CCC, May 1982, 148–56) is available at www.inventio.us/ccc.
From “Self-Righteous Researcher” to “Fellow Teacher”
Authors: Tinberg Howard
Published: March 2024

This is the second installment in the Re-Visions series’ an occasional series for which I invite essays that reconsider important work previously published in the pages of CCC. The full text of Nancy Sommers’s “Responding to Student Writing” (CCC, May 1982, 148–56) is available at www.inventio.us/ccc.
The Erasure of Language
Authors: MacDonald Susan Peck
Published: March 2024

This article traces a decline in CCCC sessions on language along with a shift toward more reductive definitions. It analyzes early CCCC treatment of language issues, the Students’ Right document, changes in demographics and linguistics, and shifts within English departments that have left us overdue for professional reexamination of our role as teachers of language.
Accessing Disability: A Nondisabled Student Works the Hyphen
Authors: Price Margaret
Published: March 2024

This article challenges current assumptions about the teaching and assessment of critical thinking in the composition classroom, particularly the practice of measuring critical thinking through individual written texts. Drawing on a case study of a class that incorporated disability studies discourse, and applying discourse analysis to student work, “Accessing Disability” argues that critical thinking can be taught more effectively through multi-modal methods and a de-emphasis on the linear progress narrative.
Marveling at The Man Called Nova: Comics as Sponsors of Multimodal Literacy
Authors: Jacobs Dale
Published: March 2024

This essay theorizes the ways in which comics, and Marvel Comics in particular, acted as sponsors of multimodal literacy for the author. In doing so, the essay demonstrates the possibilities that exist in examining comics more closely and in thinking about how literacy sponsorship happens in multimodal texts.