bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Air Quality Monitoring Using Internet of Things
Authors: V. Bansod Mr. Nitin , Hore Prof. U. V.
Published: April 2021

A remote online carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration monitoring system is developed, based on the technologies of wireless sensor networks, in allusion to the gas leakage monitoring requirement for CO2 capture and storage. The remote online CO2 monitoring system consists of monitoring equipment, a data center server, and the clients. The monitoring equipment is composed of a central processing unit (CPU), air environment sensors array, global positioning system (GPS) receiver module, secure digital memory card (SD) storage module, liquid crystal display (LCD) module, and general packet radio service (GPRS) wireless transmission module. The sensors array of CO2, temperature, humidity, and light intensity are used to collect data and the GPS receiver module is adopted to collect location and time information. The CPU automatically stores the collected data in the server and displays them on the LCD display module in real-time. Afterwards, the GPRS module continuously wirelessly transmits the collected information to the data center server. The online monitoring Web GIS clients are developed using a PHP programming language, which runs on the Apache web server. MySQL is utilized as the database because of its speed and reliability, and the stunning cross browser web maps are created, optimized, and deployed with the Open Layers JavaScript webmapping library.
Stated interest, actual use or indifference towards car sharing: profiling students and staff of a university campus in Turin (Italy)
Authors: Pirra Miriam
Published: April 2021

A mobility survey was proposed to the staff and to the students of Politecnico di Torino (a technical university located in Turin, Italy) in autumn 2016 with a focus on the interest and on the current use of car sharing. Turin is in fact offering a relatively broad variety of such services, with several different operators and a fleet of about 700 vehicles. A data mining technique, named co-clustering, is then applied to the dataset of 1314 answers in order to characterise respondents’ profiles and assess to which extent specific combinations of variables describing personal, travel-related or satisfaction with travel aspects are associated with the actual use, the interest or the lack of interest in car sharing. Early adopters of car sharing are more frequently encountered among students than among staff and show more multimodal behaviours. The levels of use of different modes can be helpful in discriminating between mere positive attitudes towards car sharing and actual intention to use it, while travel related satisfaction ratings are rather indicating the interest or lack of interest in this service. Among university workers, younger females living in the outer part of the metropolitan city showed a good interest in car sharing, although the service is not available in the place where they live. Policy implications of such findings within a mobility management perspective are discussed.
Evidence to Inform Occupational Therapy Intervention With Adults With Intellectual Disability: A Scoping Review
Authors: Blaskowitz Meghan G. , Johnson Khalilah R. , Bergfelt Theodore , Mahoney Wanda J.
Published: April 2021

Importance: Occupational therapy practitioners use a range of habilitative and compensatory approaches to teach new skills or modify tasks and environments to address occupational performance among adults with intellectual disability (ID); therefore, they must identify and use available evidence to guide intervention planning.

Objective: To summarize the scope of evidence that can inform occupational therapy intervention with adults with primary or comorbid ID.

Data Sources: Articles published in peer-reviewed journals between January 2002 and January 2018 and indexed in PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Scopus.

Study Selection and Data Collection: A total of 159 articles met inclusion criteria and contained information on occupational therapy intervention with adults ages 18 yr or older with primary or coexisting ID.

Findings: Fifty-seven of the 159 articles focused on intervention to address occupational performance outcomes (i.e., employment, self-care, leisure and social interaction, community participation).

Conclusions and Relevance: A wide range of literature is available to support occupational therapy intervention with adults with ID. Occupational therapy practitioners may be less knowledgeable about this evidence because much of it is located in non–occupational therapy or international journals.

What This Article Adds: This scoping review provides occupational therapy practitioners with evidence to support high-quality occupational therapy intervention with adults with ID.
Performance Study of the Direct-Coupled Photovoltaic Water Pumping System for the Rural-Isolated Agricultural Region in Iraq
Authors: Salman Mahmood Hussein , Obed Adel A. , Abid Ahmed J.
Published: April 2021

The rural-isolated agricultural region in Iraq and some developing countries lack access to electricity, and thus the primarily alternative is to use diesel water pumping systems to irrigate their crops. However, due to a rise in the oil's price on the international market, toxic pollution from burning oil, high maintenance costs, and short lifespans have been challenged to create more viable alternatives. Renewable energy can limit the use of fossil fuels, particularly by using the solar-powered water pumping system. This article aimed at finding an optimal design for a direct-coupled photovoltaic water pumping system in Iraq. The article presents the significant design aspect for an optimal system, such as the groundwater aquifer depth, installation aspect, cost, and irrigation efficiency. The design offers a combination of sprinkler and environmentally sustainable and cost-effective photovoltaic technology to reduce electricity and water use. A deep well to the storage system is adopted with, 40m maximum well depth, 90m3 reservoir, 1200W submersible pump, and 1800 Wp, which can supply water to 12 greenhouses for three days. The yearly results show pumping efficiency is increased up to 42.6%, used water need is achieved at 10950 m3, and unused energy is reduced by 48.8%.
Programa de formación pedagógica para docentes universitarios
Authors: González-Rivas Ramón Alfonso , Zueck Enríquez María de Carmen , Baena-Extremera Antonio , Soto Valenzuela Ma. Concepción , Gastélum-Cuadras Gabriel
Published: April 2021

El modelo de educación por competencias representa un cambio en el paradigma educativo a nivel universitario, dejando de lado metodologías tradicionales de enseñanza en las que el docente fue el centro del proceso educativo. Existe una tendencia hacia la utilización de metodologías activas de enseñanza que tienen como principal característica colocar al estudiante como protagonista de su aprendizaje. El objetivo de este estudio fue diseñar, aplicar y analizar un programa de formación pedagógica con docentes universitarios, incluyó metodologías activas y se desarrolló en el contexto de la licenciatura en Educación Física en México. Se partió del paradigma sociocrítico, con enfoque cualitativo combinando las metodologías de estudio de caso e investigación acción; participaron dos docentes de licenciatura de una universidad pública, 14 estudiantes en la etapa diagnóstica y 6 en la intervención docente. Los resultados demostraron que el programa de formación docente favoreció la adquisición de competencias con la utilización de aula invertida, los docentes fueron reflexivos y autocríticos de su desempeño. Se concluyó que los programas de formación docente en pedagogía deben incluir metodologías de enseñanza novedosas y deben ser continuos.
Estrategias de producción campesina en Agave tequilana en el municipio de Tequila, Jalisco
Authors: Herrera Pérez Lusmila , Juárez Sánchez José Pedro , Ramírez Valverde Benito
Published: April 2021

El cultivo del Agave tequilana Weber y la producción de tequila, son las principales fuentes de empleo en el municipio de Tequila. Actualmente, los pequeños productores de agave están desarrollando mecanismos en sus unidades de producción que les permite subsistir frente a las estrategias que las empresas multinacionales promueven para controlar este sector productivo. El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar las estrategias usadas por los agaveros y los productores de tequila artesanal llamados taberneros, en la producción de agave en el municipio de Tequila, Jalisco, México. Se identificaron dos grupos de pequeños agaveros: productores que solo tienen plantaciones de agave; y los llamados taberneros que producen agave y elaboran tequila en forma artesanal. El tamaño de muestra de los agaveros se calculó usando muestreo estadístico y se utilizó el método de muestreo “bola de nieve” para los taberneros. Los datos se analizaron con estadística paramétrica y no paramétrica.
Las tecnologías de la información y comunicación (TIC) en el desarrollo rural: Retos y oportunidades para México
Authors: Martínez Domínguez Marlén , Gómez Navarro Dulce Ang´élica
Published: April 2021

La expansión de las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación (TIC) en todos los ámbitos de nuestra sociedad se ha producido a gran velocidad y está en constante evolución. Este artículo presenta un análisis documental sobre el papel de las TIC en el desarrollo rural, donde la literatura muestra que las TIC pueden ser una herramienta para promover el desarrollo en condiciones adecuadas de acceso y uso, no obstante, las zonas rurales de los países latinoamericanos y en particular México, muestran disparidades estructurales que limitan el acceso y el uso a estas tecnologías. Por lo tanto, para la obtención de beneficios a través del uso efectivo de las TIC por parte de la población y los sectores productivos rurales, se requiere de políticas públicas con pertinencia local que aumenten la cobertura de los servicios de telecomunicaciones y las iniciativas de alfabetización digital, así comola articulación de la política de TIC con otros programas sociales que contribuyan a una mejor calidad de vida.
Políticas neoliberales y mercado de tierras agrícolas: Ejido Cubilete, Sinaloa, 1993-2019
Authors: Sánchez Gastélum Carolina del Rosario , Sepulveda González Ibis , García Ochoa Rigoberto , Morett Sánchez Jorge , Sámano Rentería Miguel Ángel
Published: April 2021

Este trabajo analiza efectos de las políticas neoliberales en el mercado de tierras ejidales. Se estudió el caso del Ejido Cubilete, Sinaloa de 1993 a 2019, centrándose en: 1) motivos de venta, 2) irregularidades durante la compraventa, y 3) condiciones de los ejidatarios después de la enajenación. Se utilizaron como técnicas de investigación: 1) revisión documental, 2) grupo focal, 3) encuesta a ejidatarios enajenantes y 4) entrevista a informantes clave. En Cubilete se encontró que en 26 años el 43 % de los ejidatarios vendió todo o una parte de su tierra, lo que en superficie representó el 23 % (744 ha). No ha habido venta masiva de parcelas, pero tampoco hay seguridad jurídica en la tenencia de la tierra, permitiendo ventas abusivas, ilegales y fraudulentas que afectan a enajenantes y compradores. La legalización de la venta de tierras de 1992 ha traído diversos efectos en los ejidos, como el fomento de la privatización de la propiedad social y la formación de neolatifundios.
THE ZEBRAFISH ANIMAL MODEL (Danio rerio) USED FOR DIFFERENT THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES FOR THE SUPPRESSION OF EPILEPTIC CRISIS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Martins Islane Cristina , Cadena Pabyton Gonçalves
Published: April 2021

A epilepsia representa uma das doenças neurológicas mais comuns, afetando cerca de 70 milhões de pessoas em todo o mundo. Avanços recentes na pesquisa genética descobriram um grande espectro de genes implicados em várias formas de epilepsia, sua causa pode ser por inflamação, neurotrauma ou malformações cerebrais, destacando a natureza heterogênea desse distúrbio. Além disso, infelizmente, as drogas epiléticas mais antigas têm muitos efeitos colaterais, sendo o comprometimento cognitivo o principal efeito colateral que afeta a vida diária de pessoas com epilepsia. Modelos animais apropriados são essenciais para investigar os mecanismos patológicos desencadeados por mutações genéticas implicadas na epilepsia e para desenvolver terapias específicas e direcionadas.  No entanto, os modelos de doenças do zebrafish (Danio rerio) são relevantes para a fisiopatologia das doenças humanas. Nos últimos anos, o zebrafish emergiu como um valioso organismo vertebrado para modelar epilepsias, com o uso de manipulação genética ou exposição a drogas epileptogênicas conhecidas, como o pentilenetetrazol (PTZ), para identificar novas terapêuticas antiepilépticas. O objetivo do presente estudo foi realizar uma revisão sistemática da literatura de modo a compreender de que forma zebrafish vem sendo utilizado para o estudo da epilepsia. Para tanto, foi feita uma pesquisa da literatura nas bases de dados Medline, Lilacs,  Science, Citation Index, SciELO,  PUBMED, Google Acadêmico, Periódicos CAPES e BVS Bireme. As palavras-chave utilizadas foram: ‘’Suppression of the epileptic crisis’’, ‘’Animal Model’’, ‘’Zebrafish’’ nas bases de dados. Como resultados, foi possível observar 16 artigos incluídos após a síntese qualitativa, destes, 44% dos artigos analisaram determinado fármaco no tratamento da epilepsia, 30% tratavam sobre a indução de epilepsia para estudo das vias envolvidas nesta doença,  22% realizou estudos estritamente envolvidos à Síndrome de Dravet. Em conclusão, pode-se afirmar desenvolver um modelo animal para distúrbios cerebrais, particularmente epilepsia, é muito difícil devido à complexidade da doença. A maior parte da pesquisa pré-clínica da epilepsia tem se concentrado em roedores. Porém, pesquisas recentes apontam o zebrafish como um excelente alvo de análises laboratoriais, pois possui uma grande semelhança com os mamíferos e é altamente vantajoso com suas propriedades únicas, como fertilização externa, tamanho pequeno, bem como clareza ótica dos embriões. O papel central dos receptores na epilepsia demonstra a utilidade potencial dos alvos para controlar as convulsões nesses modelos animais.
Explicit modeling of isoprene chemical processing in polluted air masses in suburban areas of the Yangtze River Delta region: radical cycling and formation of ozone and formaldehyde
Authors: Zhang Kun , Huang Ling , Li Qing , Huo Juntao , Duan Yusen , Wang Yuhang , Yaluk Elly , Wang Yangjun , Fu Qingyan , Li Li
Published: April 2021

Abstract. In recent years, ozone pollution has become one of the most severe
environmental problems in China. Evidence from observations have showed
increased frequency of high O3 levels in suburban areas of the Yangtze
River Delta (YRD) region. To better understand the formation mechanism of
local O3 pollution and investigate the potential role of isoprene
chemistry in the budgets of ROx (OH+HO2+RO2) radicals,
synchronous observations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), formaldehyde
(HCHO), and meteorological parameters were conducted at a suburban site of
the YRD region in 2018. Five episodes with elevated O3 concentrations
under stagnant meteorological conditions were identified; an
observation-based model (OBM) with the Master Chemical Mechanism was applied
to analyze the photochemical processes during these high O3 episodes.
The high levels of O3, nitrogen oxides (NOx), and VOCs facilitated
strong production and recycling of ROx radicals with the photolysis of
oxygenated VOCs (OVOCs) being the primary source. Our results suggest that
local biogenic isoprene is important in suburban photochemical processes.
Removing isoprene could drastically slow down the efficiency of ROx recycling
and reduce the concentrations of ROx. In addition, the absence of isoprene
chemistry could further lead to a decrease in the daily average concentrations
of O3 and HCHO by 34 % and 36 %, respectively. Therefore, this
study emphasizes the importance of isoprene chemistry in the suburban
atmosphere, particularly with the participation of anthropogenic NOx.
Moreover, our results provide insights into the radical chemistry that
essentially drives the formation of secondary pollutants (e.g., O3 and
HCHO) in suburban areas of the YRD region.
El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) effect on interannual variability in spring aerosols over East Asia
Authors: Zhu Anbao , Xu Haiming , Deng Jiechun , Ma Jing , Li Shuhui
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Effects of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on
the interannual variability in spring aerosols over East Asia are
investigated using the Modern Era Retrospective analysis for Research and
Applications Version 2 (MERRA-2) reanalysis aerosol data. Results show that
the ENSO has a crucial effect on the spring aerosols over mainland South East Asia, southern China, and the ocean south of Japan. The above-normal
(below-normal) aerosols are found over these regions during the ensuing spring of El Niño
(La Niña). In contrast to the local aerosol diffusion in
winter, the ENSO affects East Asian aerosols in the following spring mainly
via the modulation of upstream aerosol generation and transport processes. The
underlying physical mechanism is that during the ensuing spring of El Niño (La Niña), the dry (wet) air and reduced (enhanced) precipitation are
beneficial for the increase (reduction) in biomass burning activities over
northern mainland South East Asia, resulting in more (fewer) carbonaceous
aerosol emissions. On the other hand, the anomalous anticyclone (cyclone)
over the north-western Pacific (WNP) associated with El Niño (La
Niña) enhances (weakens) the low-level south-westerly wind from northern mainland South East Asia to southern Japan, which transports more (less)
carbonaceous aerosol downstream. Anomalous precipitation plays a role in
reducing aerosols over the source region, but its washout effect over the
downstream region is limited. The ENSO's impact on the ensuing spring
aerosols is mainly attributed to the eastern Pacific ENSO rather than the
central Pacific ENSO.
Anthropocene climate warming enhances autochthonous carbon cycling in an upland Arctic lake, Disko Island, West Greenland
Authors: Stevenson Mark A. , McGowan Suzanne , Pearson Emma J. , Swann George E. A. , Leng Melanie J. , Jones Vivienne J. , Bailey Joseph J. , Huang Xianyu , Whiteford Erika
Published: April 2021

Abstract. The Arctic is rapidly changing, disrupting biogeochemical cycles and the
processing, delivery and sedimentation of carbon (C), in linked
terrestrial–aquatic systems. In this investigation, we coupled a
hydrogeomorphic assessment of catchment soils, sediments and plants with a
recent lake sediment sequence to understand the source and quality of organic
carbon present in three Arctic upland lake catchments on Disko Island, located
just south of the low–high Arctic transition zone. This varied permafrost
landscape has exposed soils with less vegetation cover at higher altitudes,
and lakes received varying amounts of glacial meltwater inputs. We provide
improved isotope and biomarker source identifications for palaeolimnological
studies in high-latitude regions, where terrestrial vegetation is at or close
to its northerly and altitudinal range limit. The poorly developed catchment
soils lead to lake waters with low dissolved organic carbon (DOC)
concentrations (≤1.5 mg L−1). Sedimentary carbon/nitrogen
(C/N) ratios, the C isotope composition of organic matter
(δ13Corg) and biomarker ratios (n-alkanes, n-alkanols,
n-alkanoic acids and sterols) showed that sedimentary organic matter (OM) in
these lakes is mostly derived from aquatic sources (algae and macrophytes). We
used a 210Pb-dated sediment core to determine how carbon cycling in
a lake–catchment system (Disko 2) had changed over recent centuries. Recent
warming since the end of the Little Ice Age (LIA∼1860 CE), which accelerated after ca. 1950, led to melt of glacier
ice and permafrost, releasing nutrients and DOC to the lake and stimulating
pronounced aquatic algal production, as shown by a >10-fold increase in
β-carotene, indicative of a major regime shift. We also demonstrate
that recent increases in catchment terrestrial vegetation cover contributed to
the autochthonous response. Our findings highlight that in Arctic lakes with
sparsely developed catchment vegetation and soils, recent Anthropocene warming
results in pronounced changes to in-lake C processing and the deposition of
more reactive, predominately autochthonous C, when compared with extensively
vegetated low-Arctic systems.
Grimmite, NiCo2S4, a new thiospinel from Příbram, Czech Republic
Authors: Škácha Pavel , Sejkora Jiří , Plášil Jakub , Dolníček Zdeněk , Ulmanová Jana
Published: April 2021

Abstract. The new mineral grimmite, NiCo2S4, was found in
siderite–sphalerite gangue at the dump of shaft no. 9, one of the mines in
the abandoned Příbram uranium and base-metal district, central
Bohemia, Czech Republic. The new mineral occurs as rare idiomorphic to
hypidiomorphic grains up to 200  µm × 70 µm in size or veinlet
aggregates. In reflected light, grimmite is creamy grey with a pinkish tint.
Pleochroism, polarising colours and internal reflections were not observed.
Reflectance values of grimmite in the air (R %) are 42.5 at 470 nm, 45.9
at 546 nm, 47.7 at 589 nm and 50.2 at 650 nm). The empirical formula for
grimmite, based on electron-microprobe analyses (n= 13), is
Ni1.01(Co1.99Fe0.06Pb0.01Bi0.01)Σ2.07S3.92. The ideal formula is NiCo2S4; requires Ni 19.26,
Co 38.67, and S 42.07; and totals 100.00 wt %. According to the single-crystal
X-ray diffraction data (Robs=0.0489), grimmite is cubic, Fd–3m, a=9.3933(9), with V=828.81(14) Å3 and Z=8. The calculated
density is 4.96 g cm−3. The strongest reflections of the calculated
powder X-ray diffraction pattern [d, Å (I)(hkl)] are 3.3210 (75) (220),
2.7116 (7) (222), 2.3483 (81) (400), 1.9174 (27) (422), 1.6605 (100) (440),
1.4852 (11) (620) and 1.3558 (15) (444). Grimmite is named after Johann Grimm
(24 June or 24 July 1805 to 26 June 1874), the former director of the
Příbram Mining College. The association of sulfides and
sulfarsenides was found with grimmite. Essentially non-zoned coarse-grained
siderite encloses idiomorphic crystals and/or aggregates of red sphalerite I
and zoned skutterudite-group minerals. Skutterudites (skutterudite,
niklskutterudite and ferroskutterudite) are usually strongly corroded and
replaced by younger phases. Relics of skutterudite are rimmed by nickeline
and later on by gersdorffite with rare domains of glaucodot and
arsenopyrite, whereas completely leached parts of skutterudite crystals are
filled up by quartz containing small isolated grains and aggregates of
pyrite, sphalerite II, grimmite, galena, ullmannite, bismuthinite, parkerite
and jaipurite, the latter being rarely enclosed in grimmite.
Last interglacial sea-level proxies in East Africa and the Western Indian Ocean
Authors: Boyden Patrick , Weil-Accardo Jennifer , Deschamps Pierre , Oppo Davide , Rovere Alessio
Published: April 2021

Abstract. In this paper, we describe a sea-level database compiled using published last interglacial, Marine Isotopic Stage 5 (MIS 5), geological sea-level proxies within East Africa and the Western Indian Ocean (EAWIO). Encompassing vast tropical coastlines and coralline islands, this region has many occurrences of well-preserved last interglacial stratigraphies. Most notably, islands almost entirely composed of Pleistocene reefs (such as Aldabra, the Seychelles) have provided reliable paleo relative sea-level indicators and well-preserved samples for U-series chronology. Other sea-level proxies include uplifted marine terraces in the north of Somalia and Pleistocene eolian deposits notched by the MIS 5 sea level in Mozambique to tidal notches in luminescence-limited eolian deposits in Mozambique. Our database has been compiled using the World Atlas of Last Interglacial Shorelines (WALIS) interface and contains 58 sea-level indicators and 2 terrestrial-limiting data points. The open-access database is available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4302244 (Version 1.03; Boyden et al., 2020).
Rainfall–runoff prediction at multiple timescales with a single Long Short-Term Memory network
Authors: Gauch Martin , Kratzert Frederik , Klotz Daniel , Nearing Grey , Lin Jimmy , Hochreiter Sepp
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks have been applied to daily discharge prediction with remarkable success.
Many practical applications, however, require predictions at more granular timescales.
For instance, accurate prediction of short but extreme flood peaks can make a lifesaving difference, yet such peaks may escape the coarse temporal resolution of daily predictions.
Naively training an LSTM on hourly data, however, entails very long input sequences that make learning difficult and computationally expensive.
In this study, we propose two multi-timescale LSTM (MTS-LSTM) architectures that jointly predict multiple timescales within one model, as they process long-past inputs at a different temporal resolution than more recent inputs.
In a benchmark on 516 basins across the continental United States, these models achieved significantly higher Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) values than the US National Water Model.
Compared to naive prediction with distinct LSTMs per timescale, the multi-timescale architectures are computationally more efficient with no loss in accuracy.
Beyond prediction quality, the multi-timescale LSTM can process different input variables at different timescales, which is especially relevant to operational applications where the lead time of meteorological forcings depends on their temporal resolution.
Minimizing the impact of vacating instream storage of a multi-reservoir system: a trade-off study of water supply and empty flushing
Authors: Wu Chia-Wen , Chou Frederick N.-F. , Lee Fong-Zuo
Published: April 2021

Abstract. A reservoir operator does not favor storage above a certain level in
situations such as the pre-release operation prior to a flood; scheduled
engineering construction; or mechanical excavation of sediment in the
impoundments, drawdown, and empty flushing, etc. This paper selects empty flushing as the case study, and a method is presented to promote the
feasibility of emptying the reservoir storage. The impact of emptying reservoir
on water supply is minimized through appropriate joint operation in a
multi-reservoir system, where drawdown and empty flushing is carried out in
a primary reservoir, and the other reservoir provides backup water for
supply. This method prioritizes allocating the storage in the primary
reservoir for water supply during specific periods prior to its emptying. If
the storage of every reservoir achieves its predefined conditions, drawdown
of the primary reservoir is activated and followed by empty flushing.
Previously preserved storage in the other reservoir ensures adequate water
supply during the periods of emptying the primary reservoir. Flushing of the
primary reservoir is continued until either the accumulative released water
exceeds the specified volume, storage in the backup reservoir drops below
the predefined threshold, or the inflow to the primary reservoir recedes
from the flood peak to be below the releasing capacity of outlets. This
behavior is simulated and linked with a nonlinear optimization algorithm to
calibrate the optimal parameters defining the activation and termination of
empty flushing. The optimized strategy limits the incremental water shortage
within the acceptable threshold and maximizes the expected benefits of
emptying reservoir.
Extracting statistically significant eddy signals from large Lagrangian datasets using wavelet ridge analysis, with application to the Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Lilly Jonathan M. , Pérez-Brunius Paula
Published: April 2021

Abstract. A method for objectively extracting the displacement signals associated with coherent eddies from Lagrangian trajectories is presented, refined, and applied to a large dataset of 3770 surface drifters from the Gulf of Mexico. The method, wavelet ridge analysis, is a general method for the analysis of modulated oscillations, here modified to be more suitable to the eddy-detection problem. A means for formally assessing statistical significance is introduced, addressing the issue of false positives arising by chance from an unstructured turbulent background and opening the door to confident application of the method to very large datasets. Significance is measured through a frequency-dependent comparison with a stochastic dataset having statistical and spectral properties that match the original, but lacking organized oscillations due to eddies or waves. The application to the Gulf of Mexico reveals major asymmetries between cyclones and anticyclones, with anticyclones dominating at radii larger than about 50 km, but an unexpectedly rich population of highly nonlinear cyclones dominating at smaller radii. Both the method and the Gulf of Mexico eddy dataset are made freely available to the community for noncommercial use in future research.
Brief communication: New radar constraints support presence of ice older than 1.5 Myr at Little Dome C
Authors: Lilien David A. , Steinhage Daniel , Taylor Drew , Parrenin Frédéric , Ritz Catherine , Mulvaney Robert , Martín Carlos , Yan Jie-Bang , O'Neill Charles , Frezzotti Massimo , Miller Heinrich , Gogineni Prasad , Dahl-Jensen Dorthe , Eisen Olaf
Published: April 2021

Abstract. The area near Dome C, East Antarctica, is thought to be one of the most promising targets for recovering a continuous ice-core record spanning more than a million years. The European Beyond EPICA consortium has selected Little Dome C (LDC), an area ∼ 35 km southeast of Concordia Station, to attempt to recover such a record. Here, we present the results of the final ice-penetrating radar survey used to refine the exact drill site. These data were acquired during the 2019–2020 austral summer using a new, multi-channel high-resolution very high frequency (VHF) radar operating in the frequency range of 170–230 MHz. This new instrument is able to detect reflectors in the near-basal region, where previous surveys were largely unable to detect horizons. The radar stratigraphy is used to transfer the timescale of the EPICA Dome C ice core (EDC) to the area of Little Dome C, using radar isochrones dating back past 600 ka. We use these data to derive the expected depth–age relationship through the ice column at the now-chosen drill site, termed BELDC (Beyond EPICA LDC). These new data indicate that the ice at BELDC is considerably older than that at EDC at the same depth and that there is about 375 m of ice older than 600 kyr at BELDC. Stratigraphy is well preserved to 2565 m, ∼ 93 % of the ice thickness, below which there is a basal unit with unknown properties. An ice-flow model tuned to the isochrones suggests ages likely reach 1.5 Myr near 2500 m, ∼ 65 m above the basal unit and ∼ 265 m above the bed, with sufficient resolution (19 ± 2 kyr m−1) to resolve 41 kyr glacial cycles.
Mapping potential signs of gas emissions in ice of Lake Neyto, Yamal, Russia, using synthetic aperture radar and multispectral remote sensing data
Authors: Pointner Georg , Bartsch Annett , Dvornikov Yury A. , Kouraev Alexei V.
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Regions of anomalously low backscatter in C-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery of lake ice of Lake Neyto in northwestern Siberia have been suggested to be caused by emissions of gas (methane from hydrocarbon reservoirs) through the lake’s sediments. However, to assess this connection, only analyses of data from boreholes in the vicinity of Lake Neyto and visual comparisons to medium-resolution optical imagery have been provided due to a lack of in situ observations of the lake ice itself. These observations are impeded due to accessibility and safety issues. Geospatial analyses and innovative combinations of satellite data sources are therefore proposed to advance our understanding of this phenomenon. In this study, we assess the nature of the backscatter anomalies in Sentinel-1 C-band SAR images in combination with very high resolution (VHR) WorldView-2 optical imagery. We present methods to automatically map backscatter anomaly regions from the C-band SAR data (40 m pixel spacing) and holes in lake ice from the VHR data (0.5 m pixel spacing) and examine their spatial relationships. The reliability of the SAR method is evaluated through comparison between different acquisition modes. The results show that the majority of mapped holes (71 %) in the VHR data are clearly related to anomalies in SAR imagery acquired a few days earlier, and similarities to SAR imagery acquired more than a month before are evident, supporting the hypothesis that anomalies may be related to gas emissions. Further, a significant expansion of backscatter anomaly regions in spring is documented and quantified in all analysed years 2015 to 2019. Our study suggests that the backscatter anomalies might be caused by lake ice subsidence and consequent flooding through the holes over the ice top leading to wetting and/or slushing of the snow around the holes, which might also explain outcomes of polarimetric analyses of auxiliary L-band Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS) Phased Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar-2 (PALSAR-2) data. C-band SAR data are considered to be valuable for the identification of lakes showing similar phenomena across larger areas in the Arctic in future studies.
KOMPOSISI MEDIA TANAM PADA PEMBIBITAN TANAMAN KARET (Hevea brasiliensis)
Authors: Nurlaila  , Hendri
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this reseach was to determine the composition of the right planting media for the growth of rubber plant seeds. This research was conducted for 3 (three) months The State Agricultural Polytechnic at Samarinda. This reseach consists of three levels of media composition treatment namely 75% top soil media and 25% sand (m1), 50% top soil media and 50% sand (m2) and 25% top soil soil media and 75% sand (m3) ). The composition of the planting media of top soil 50% and 50% sand gives better results to the growth of plant height and number of leaves compared to the treatment of the composition of other planting media, namely the composition of the top soil media 75% and 25% sand and the treatment of top soil planting media 25% and 75% sand.
PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH TALAS (Xanthosoma sagittifolium L) UNTUK PEMBUATAN PUPUK BOKASIH DENGAN BIOAKTIVATOR Effective Microorganism (EM-4)
Authors: Yuanita  , Daryono
Published: April 2021

Taro plants are plants that grow faster and grow in areas that are runny and moist. These taro plants are used to make flour, chips and traditional food, while the leaves and stems for animal feed are like pigs and can be used as ingredients for making bokashi fertilizer. EM-4 bioactivator is a material that contains several microorganisms and helps speed up the composting process.The purpose of this study was to determine the time needed to make bokashi fertilizer using an EM-4 bioactivator and analyze nutrients N, P, K, C, C / N and pH. This research was conducted at the Samarinda State Polytechnic Production Laboratory.The results of the study on the Utilization of Taro Waste (Xanthosoma Sagittifolium L) for Making Bokasih Fertilizer By Adding Effectve Microorganisms (Em-4), it can be seen that bokashi fertilizer is processed so on day 15 of 120 kg raw material becomes 30 kg and by observation temperature 28 ° C, pH 7, blackish brown color and odorless. Total P analysis: 3.3709, total K: 3.2954, total N: 0.8680, C Total: 5.6996, C / N: 6.5595
PENGARUH GAJI TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS KERJA MANDOR PANEN PERKEBUNAN KELAPA SAWIT DI KABUPATEN KUTAI KARTANEGARA THE INFLUENCE OF SALARY ON HARVESTING FOREMAN’S PRODUCTIVITY OF OIL PALM PLANTATION IN KUTAI KARTANEGARA
Authors: Nur Aini Rohmatu Jannah  , Winarni Budi , Mirasari Rossy
Published: April 2021

To achieve high work productivity from the employees, it is important to give them a remuniration or compensation in the form of salary. This study aims to analyze the influence of compensation on harvesting foreman’s productivity. The data was collected by using questioner and by taking all the population. Meanwhile, the data were analyzed by using linear regression and determination coefficient with help of SPSS 25 program. Based on the statistical test result, salary (X) has positive influence on harvesting foreman’s productivity in oil palm plantation (Y).
PENGUKURAN TINGGI DAN DIAMETER TANAMAN MERANTI MERAH (Shorea pauciflora C.F. Gaertn) DI KEBUN RAYA UNMUL SAMARINDA (KRUS)
Authors: Herijanto Thamrin
Published: April 2021

Forest is a natural resource that can be renewed and utilized. Utilization of forest resources must pay attention to the principle of being beneficial and providing sustainable results for humans. Forests must be maintained in order to get these benefits.               The purpose of this study was to determine the height and diameter of the Red Meranti tree (Shorea pauciflora C.F. Gaertn) at the age of 13 at the Botanical Garden Unmul Samarinda (KRUS). The expected results of this study are to provide information on the height and diameter growth of red meranti (Shorea pauciflora.C.F.Gaertn).               This research was conducted at the Kebun Raya Unmul Samarinda (KRUS) for 2 months, namely July - August 2020. Sampling was done with simple random sampling, on red meranti plants 13 years old with a spacing of 6 x 6 m as much as 50 trees. Measuring Diameter using Phiband and Height using a clinometer and a 4 m long pole tool. The results obtained were processed with simple statistics and analyzed using descriptive methods.            Based on the results of the processing and data analysis carried out, it can be concluded that the diameter growth of the red meranti plant aged 13 years in the Botanical Garden of Unmul Samarinda (KRUS) did not vary (relatively uniform) with an average diameter of 13.42 cm, where the plant with a diameter large grow on the edge of the area and small ones are in the middle of the area. Meanwhile, the height growth of red meranti plants did not show any variation (relatively uniform) with an average height of 11.59 m. To get optimal results, both in height and diameter, plant maintenance activities are needed, especially cleaning existing weeds.
PERTUMBUHAN DIAMETER DAN TINGGI POHON SUNGKAI (Peronema Canescens Jack) UMUR 27 TAHUN DI HUTAN TANAMAN POLITEKNIK PERTANIAN NEGERI SAMARINDA
Authors: Herijanto Thamrin
Published: April 2021

Forests are one of the great natural resources of benefit to human welfare. Forests are also the basic capital of national development. As the basic capital of national development, the forest must be preserved so that the benefits of this forest will not only be enjoyed now, but for generations to come. Therefore, these forest resources need to be managed properly and appropriately so that the benefits and results can be optimal and sustainable.

The purpose of this research was to find out the growth of the diameter and height of sungkai plants (Peronema canescens) aged 27 years in the Forest of Agricultural Polytechnic plants of Samarinda State.  The expected result of this research is as an information material to the relevant parties as a consideration for the management of sungkai plants in the future.

This research was carried out in the campus area of Samarinda State Agricultural Polytechnic. The material used is a 27-year-old sungkai (Peronema canescens) tree as many as 144 trees that were carried out for 3 (three) months, namely in October to December 2019. Diameter Measurement using Phiband and Height using Clinometer and tools in the form of pole / stick along 4 m. The results obtained are processed with simple statistics and analyzed using descriptive methods.

            Based on the results of processing and analysis of data that has been done, it can be concluded that the planting diameter of plants sungkai age 27 years in the area of Agricultural Polytechnic samarinda varies greatly with an average diameter of 17.42 cm, where plants with large diameters grow on the edge of the area and small ones are in the middle of the area. While the growth of sungkai plant height is relatively uniform with an average height of 20.19 m. The advice given from the results of this study is that there needs to be maintenance especially for looting because the growing space is less than ideal anymore. This can be seen by the related header of such plants in so difficult to distinguish the tip of the header from each other
Conservadorismo e política nos Estados Unidos no filme “Curtindo a vida adoidado” (1986)
Authors: Trovão Flávio , Moll Neto Roberto
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo parte da análise histórica do filme “Curtindo a vida adoidado” (1986), obra do diretor norte-americano John Hughes, que teve muito sucesso em sua época, sendo hoje considerado um filme cult. A análise teve por base a leitura das tramas, narrativas e das imagens do filme a partir de seu contexto histórico, como nos aponta Michèle Lagny (2009). Nessa perspectiva o texto apresenta uma contextualização dos anos 1980 nos Estados Unidos, com a chegada de Ronald Regan ao poder e a implementação de uma série de medidas políticas, econômicas e sociais, pautadas em princípios neoconservadores. Entre as políticas defendidas por esse grupo, destacamos aquelas voltadas para o campo da educação e as questões que atingiam as comunidades negra e latina no país, a partir de suas representações no filme. Ao ler criticamente o filme em sua época e também a partir das representações que nos permite construir, apontamos para algumas imagens que dialogam com o momento atual, no que se refere à ascensão de movimentos neoconservadores.
Dezembros selvagens: pequeno retrato da Irlanda rural e seus conflitos
Authors: Martins Bonet Munike , De Souza Ferreira Rejane
Published: April 2021

Este artigo problematiza a rigidez da moralidade e do gênero em Dezembros selvagens (2003), de Edna O’ Brien, bem como a relação triangular entre os irmãos Joseph e Breege e o irlandês exilado Mick Bugler. Pressupomos que existe um desejo incestuoso da parte de Joseph que se torna ameaçado com a chegada desse exilado, gerando conflitos como disputas de terra e violências diversas. Assim, observamos de que forma os ambientes social e cultural dos personagens se refletem no comportamento deles. A presente análise é também uma forma de contribuir para o processo de desconstrução de estereótipos e para a problematização de conflitos que permaneciam camuflados por aparências pautadas em princípios e valores. Para tanto, nos baseamos em Abrantes (2010), Showalter (2003) e Freud (1990), bem como nas suas releituras por Lacan (1995). Ao final, compreendemos que, por meio do enredo da obra, O’ Brien não só questiona a percepção hegemônica de identidade cultural, como também problematiza as fronteiras entre a terra e a mulher.
SOME ASPECTS OF COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SME STANDARDS IN THE EU AND GEORGIA
Authors: Kurdgelia Natia
Published: April 2021

There are different attitudes towards small business definition. Basically, the laws of the countries are based on the criteria on the basis of which this or that enterprise belongs to the small business sector. However, in EU countries, small and medium enterprises are considered as small businesses and they are considered in one context. The concept of small and medium business combines number of employees, annual turnover and annual balance. The official definition of small and medium enterprises in Georgia is partially in line with EU standards. The concepts of small business and micro business are established only in terms of tax policy, while in institutional and quantitative or qualitative terms its definition is not officially definite.
Sistem Informasi Penjualan Sparepart Honda Pada CV Indah Sakti Rantauprapat Dengan Menggunakan Bahasa Pemrograman Visual Basic 6.0
Authors: Nasution M. Bobbi Kurniawan
Published: April 2021

Pada saat ini tingkat persaingan dunia usaha di Indonesia sangat ketat, karena setiap perusahaan senantiasa berusaha untuk dapat meningkatkan pangsa pasar dan meraih konsumen baru. Perusahaan harus dapat menentukan strategi pemasaran yang tepat agar usahanya dapat bertahan dan memenangi persaingan, sehingga tujuan dari perusahaan tersebut dapat tercapai. Dalam proses penjualan sparepart produk Honda CV. Indah Sakti Rantauprapat, selama ini masih manual, san masih banyak kekurangan dalam melakukan input data penjualan dan data pelanggan, maka kegiatan pemasaran dijadikan tolak ukur permasalahan oleh setiap perusahaan
The Influence of Related Party Transaction, Profitability, Leverage and Company Size on Firm Value with Tax Avoidance as an Intervening Variable in Telecommunications and Media Companies Listed on Bursa Malaysia and IDX 2010-2018
Authors: Rahimah Zulaikha , . Erlina , Absah Yeni
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this research is to examine and analyze the impact of related party transaction, profitability, Leverage and size of a company on firm value with tax avoidance as an intervening variable. The telecommunication and media sector in Bursa Efek Indonesia and Bursa Malaysia is chosen as the research object. The population is all the telecommunication and media companies listed in Indonesia stock exchange (IDX) and Bursa Malaysia within 2010-2018. It consists of 6 Telecommunication Company and 19 Media Company on IDX within 2010-2018. There exist a total of 33 companies in both the telecommunication and media sector in Bursa Malaysia. The sample's determination in this study is based on the nonprobability sampling method with the purposive sampling technique, in which the sample is selected with certain considerations or specific criteria. So that the sample of Malaysia is 248 and Indonesia is 139 data. Malaysia's telecommunications sector has 18 companies, and Indonesia has five companies.
Meanwhile on media sector Indonesia consist of 15 company and Malaysia 12 company. This research adopts secondary data and multiple regression analysis for the regression to substructure I and II. The hypothesis mediation analysis is used to prove the mediation influence. Malaysia and Indonesia's results on Firm value: (1) Related party transaction has a positive but not significant impact. In contrast, Indonesia has a significant positive impact (2) Profitability has a significant negative impact both in Indonesia and Malaysia (3) Leverage has positive. However, not significant impact in Malaysia and Indonesia (4) Size of the company has a negative and significant impact for both country (5) Tax Avoidance has a negative but not significant impact.
In contrast, Indonesia has a positive and significant impact on firm value. Related to the impact of variable independent toward tax avoidance, based on Malaysia's result, just the size of a company has the impact but negative and significant. Meanwhile, in Indonesia, Related party transaction and Leverage were known to have a negative and significant impact, and the size of the company has positive and significant toward tax avoidance. Based on Malaysia's result, tax avoidance does not impact all the independent variables on firm value. Based on Indonesia's result, the impact of company size on firm value is mediated by tax avoidance (Z). Based on the independent t-test, the variables that have different mean values are related to party transactions and company size.

Keywords: Related Party Transaction, Profitability, Leverage, Size of company, Tax avoidance, Firm value.