bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Cardiomyocyte NLRP3 Inflammasome‐Mediated Pyroptosis Promotes
d
‐Galactose–Induced Cardiac Aging
Authors: Liu Wen‐bin , Wang Sui‐sui , Zhang Xu , Ke Ze‐zhi , Wen Xiu‐yun , Zhao Jie , Zhuang Xiao‐dong , Liao Li‐zhen
Published: July 2024

Background

Cardiac aging represents an independent risk factor for aging‐associated cardiovascular diseases. Although evidence suggests an association between NOD‐, LRR‐, and pyrin domain–containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome formation and numerous cardiovascular diseases, its role in cardiac aging remains largely unclear.

Methods and Results

The longevity of mice with wild‐type and NLRP3 knockout (NLRP3
−/−
) genotypes was assessed, with or without
d
‐galactose treatment. Cardiac function was evaluated using echocardiography, and cardiac histopathology was examined through hematoxylin and eosin and Masson's trichrome staining. Senescence‐associated β‐galactosidase (SA‐β‐gal) staining was employed to detect cardiac aging. Western blotting was used to assess aging‐related proteins (p53, p21) and pyroptosis‐related proteins. Additionally, dihydroethidium staining, lactate dehydrogenase release, and interleukin‐1β ELISA assays were performed, along with measurements of total superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde levels. In vitro, H9c2 cells were exposed to
d
‐galactose for 24 hours in the absence or presence of
N
‐acetyl‐
l
‐cysteine (reactive oxygen species inhibitor), BAY‐117082 (nuclear factor κ‐light‐chain enhancer of activated B cells inhibitor), MCC950 (NLRP3 inhibitor), and VX‐765 (Caspase‐1 inhibitor). Immunofluorescence staining was employed to detect p53, gasdermin D, and apoptosis‐associated speck‐like protein proteins. Intracellular reactive oxygen species levels were assessed using fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. Senescence‐associated β‐galactosidase staining and Western blotting were also employed in vitro for the same purpose. The results showed that NLRP3 upregulation was implicated in aging and cardiovascular diseases. Inhibition of NLRP3 extended life span, mitigated the aging phenotype, improved cardiac function and blood pressure, ameliorated lipid metabolism abnormalities, inhibited pyroptosis in cardiomyocytes, and ultimately alleviated cardiac aging. In vitro, the inhibition of reactive oxygen species, nuclear factor κ‐light‐chain enhancer of activated B cells, NLRP3, or caspase‐1 attenuated NLRP3 inflammasome‐mediated pyroptosis.

Conclusions

The reactive oxygen species/nuclear factor κ‐light‐chain enhancer of activated B cells/NLRP3 signaling pathway loop contributes to
d
‐galactose–treated cardiomyocyte senescence and cardiac aging.
Blood–Brain Barrier Permeability Is Associated With Cognitive Functioning in Normal Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Hergert Danielle C. , Gaasedelen Owen , Ryman Sephira G. , Prestopnik Jillian , Caprihan Arvind , Rosenberg Gary A.
Published: July 2024

Background

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability and cognitive functioning in healthy older adults and individuals with neurodegenerative diseases.

Methods and Results

A total of 124 participants with Alzheimer disease, cerebrovascular disease, or a mix Alzheimer's and cerebrovascular diseases and 55 controlparticipants underwent magnetic resonance imaging and neuropsychological testing. BBB permeability was measured with dynamic contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and white matter injury was measured using a quantitative diffusion‐tensor imaging marker of white matter injury. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the relationships between BBB permeability, vascular risk burden, white matter injury, and cognitive functioning. Vascular risk burden predicted BBB permeability (
r
=0.24,
P
<0.05) and white matter injury (
r
=0.38,
P
<0.001). BBB permeability predicted increased white matter injury (
r
=0.34,
P
<0.001) and increased white matter injury predicted lower cognitive functioning (
r
=−0.51,
P
<0.001).

Conclusions

The study provides empirical support for a vascular contribution to white matter injury and cognitive impairment, directly or indirectly via BBB permeability. This highlights the importance of targeting modifiable vascular risk factors to help mitigate future cognitive decline.
Low Remnant Cholesterol and In‐Hospital Bleeding Risk After Ischemic Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack
Authors: Wu Zhiyuan , Zhang Haiping , Xu Yi , Li Xia , Li Xingang , Balmer Lois , Guo Xiuhua , Zhang Qi , Han Xiang , Tao Lixin
Published: July 2024

Background

Bleeding risk brought by intensive lipid‐lowering therapy and low low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol is concerning, while evidence regarding the relationship between remnant cholesterol and bleeding is frightening. This study aimed to investigate the association between remnant cholesterol at admission and an in‐hospital bleeding event after acute ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA).

Methods and Results

A total of 3222 eligible patients admitted to Shanghai Huashan Hospital between 2015 and 2021 with complete lipid data were analyzed. Patients were classified into low (<20.0 mg/dL), moderate (20.0–29.9 mg/dL), and high (≥30 mg/dL) groups by remnant cholesterol. The mean age of patients was 63.0± 13.1 years, including 2301 (71.4%) men and 651 (20.2%) with TIA. The median (interquartile range) of remnant cholesterol was 18.6 (13.5–25.9) mg/dL. After adjustment for confounding variables, patients with low remnant cholesterol had a higher risk of bleeding events (odds ratio, 2.56 [95% CI, 1.12–6.67]) than those with moderate remnant cholesterol. The high remnant cholesterol group was not significantly associated with bleeding risk. Combined assessment of low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and remnant cholesterol further identified patients with the highest risk of bleeding events.

Conclusions

Low remnant cholesterol levels were associated with bleeding events during the acute stage of ischemic stroke and TIA. The assessment of remnant cholesterol could inform the bleeding risk during hospitalization both for patients and physicians in clinical practice.
Simultaneous Positron Emission Tomography and Molecular Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Cardiopulmonary Fibrosis in a Mouse Model of Left Ventricular Dysfunction
Authors: Moon Brianna F. , Zhou Iris Y. , Ning Yingying , Chen Yin‐Ching I. , Le Fur Mariane , Shuvaev Sergey , Akam Eman A. , Ma Hua , Solsona Cesar Molinos , Weigand‐Whittier Jonah , Rotile Nicholas , Hariri Lida P. , Drummond Matthew , Boice Avery T. , Zygmont Samantha E. , Sharma Yamini , Warburton Rod R. , Martin Gregory L. , Blanton Robert M. , Fanburg Barry L. , Hill Nicholas S. , Caravan Peter , Penumatsa Krishna C.
Published: July 2024

Background

Aging‐associated left ventricular dysfunction promotes cardiopulmonary fibrogenic remodeling, Group 2 pulmonary hypertension (PH), and right ventricular failure. At the time of diagnosis, cardiac function has declined, and cardiopulmonary fibrosis has often developed. Here, we sought to develop a molecular positron emission tomography (PET)–magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol to detect both cardiopulmonary fibrosis and fibrotic disease activity in a left ventricular dysfunction model.

Methods and Results

Left ventricular dysfunction was induced by transverse aortic constriction (TAC) in 6‐month‐old senescence‐accelerated prone mice, a subset of mice that received sham surgery. Three weeks after surgery, mice underwent simultaneous PET‐MRI at 4.7 T. Collagen‐targeted PET and fibrogenesis magnetic resonance (MR) probes were intravenously administered. PET signal was computed as myocardium‐ or lung‐to‐muscle ratio. Percent signal intensity increase and Δ lung‐to‐muscle ratio were computed from the pre‐/postinjection magnetic resonance images. Elevated allysine in the heart (
P
=0.02) and lungs (
P
=0.17) of TAC mice corresponded to an increase in myocardial magnetic resonance imaging percent signal intensity increase (
P
<0.0001) and Δlung‐to‐muscle ratio (
P
<0.0001). Hydroxyproline in the heart (
P
<0.0001) and lungs (
P
<0.01) were elevated in TAC mice, which corresponded to an increase in heart (myocardium‐to‐muscle ratio,
P
=0.02) and lung (lung‐to‐muscle ratio,
P
<0.001) PET measurements. Pressure‐volume loop and echocardiography demonstrated adverse left ventricular remodeling, function, and increased right ventricular systolic pressure in TAC mice.

Conclusions

Administration of collagen‐targeted PET and allysine‐targeted MR probes led to elevated PET–magnetic resonance imaging signals in the myocardium and lungs of TAC mice. The study demonstrates the potential to detect fibrosis and fibrogenesis in cardiopulmonary disease through a dual molecular PET–magnetic resonance imaging protocol.
Multicenter Validation of lncRNA and Target mRNA Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers of Acute Ischemic Stroke From Peripheral Blood Leukocytes
Authors: Mu Jialing , Chen Changying , Ren Zhanyun , Liu Fangyuan , Gu Xincheng , Sun Junxiang , Liu Yu , Geng Deqin , Yang Siyuan , Li Qingqing , Liu Lihua , Wang Lu , Chen Xuemei , Xie Hankun , Shen Chong
Published: July 2024

Background

Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and mRNA profiles in leukocytes have shown potential as biomarkers for acute ischemic stroke (AIS). This study aimed to identify altered lncRNA and target mRNA profiles in peripheral blood leukocytes as biomarkers and to assess the diagnostic value and association with AIS prognosis.

Methods and Results

Differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) and differentially expressed target mRNAs (DEmRNAs) were screened by RNA sequencing in the discovery set, which consisted of 10 patients with AIS and 20 controls. Validation sets consisted of a multicenter (311 AIS versus 303 controls) and a nested case–control study (351 AIS versus 352 controls). The discriminative value of DElncRNAs and DEmRNAs added to the traditional risk factors was estimated with the area under the curve.
NAMPT‐AS
,
FARP1‐AS1
,
FTH1
, and
NAMPT
were identified in the multicenter case–control study (
P
<0.05). LncRNA
NAMPT‐AS
was associated with cis‐target mRNA
NAMPT
and trans‐target mRNA
FTH1
in all validation sets (
P
<0.001). Similarly, AIS cases exhibited upregulated lncRNA
FARP‐AS1
and
FTH1
expression (
P
<0.001) in the nested case–control study (
P
<0.001). Furthermore, lncRNA FARP1‐AS1 expression was upregulated in AIS patients at discharge with an unfavorable outcome (
P
<0.001). Positive correlations were found between
NAMPT
expression level and NIHSS scores of AIS patients (
P
<0.05). Adding 2 lncRNAs and 2 target mRNAs to the traditional risk factor model improved area under the curve by 22.8% and 5.2% in the multicenter and the nested case–control studies, respectively.

Conclusions

lncRNA
NAMPT‐AS
and
FARP1‐AS1
have potential as diagnostic biomarkers for AIS and exhibit good performance when combined with target mRNA
NAMPT
and
FTH1
.
Anemia From Inflammation After Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Relationships With Outcome
Authors: Roh David J. , Poyraz Fernanda Carvalho , Mao Eric , Shen Qi , Kansara Vedant , Cottarelli Azzurra , Song Sandy , Nemkov Travis , Kumar Aditya , Hudson Krystalyn E. , Ghoshal Shivani , Park Soojin , Agarwal Sachin , Connolly Edward Sander , Claassen Jan , Kreuziger Lisa Baumann , Hod Eldad , Yeatts Sharon , Foster Lydia D. , Selim Magdy
Published: July 2024

Background

Baseline anemia is associated with poor intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) outcomes. However, underlying drivers for anemia and whether anemia development after ICH impacts clinical outcomes are unknown. We hypothesized that inflammation drives anemia development after ICH and assessed their relationship to outcomes.

Methods and Results

Patients with serial hemoglobin and iron biomarker concentrations from the HIDEF (High‐Dose Deferoxamine in Intracerebral Hemorrhage) trial were analyzed. Adjusted linear mixed models assessed laboratory changes over time. Of 42 patients, significant decrements in hemoglobin occurred with anemia increasing from 19% to 45% by day 5. Anemia of inflammation iron biomarker criteria was met in 88%. A separate cohort of 521 patients with ICH with more granular serial hemoglobin and long‐term neurological outcome data was also investigated. Separate regression models assessed whether (1) systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) scores related to hemoglobin changes over time and (2) hemoglobin changes related to poor 90‐day outcome. In this cohort, anemia prevalence increased from 30% to 71% within 2 days of admission yet persisted beyond this time. Elevated systemic inflammatory response syndrome was associated with greater hemoglobin decrements over time (adjusted parameter estimate: −0.27 [95% CI, −0.37 to −0.17]) and greater hemoglobin decrements were associated with poor outcomes (adjusted odds ratio per 1 g/dL increase, 0.76 [95% CI, 0.62–0.93]) independent to inflammation and ICH severity.

Conclusions

We identified novel findings that acute anemia development after ICH is common, rapid, and related to inflammation. Because anemia development is associated with poor outcomes, further work is required to clarify if anemia, or its underlying drivers, are modifiable treatment targets that can improve ICH outcomes.

Registration

https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
Unique identifier: NCT01662895
Paris Diary
Authors: Eisenstein Sergei
Published: July 2024

Sergei Eisenstein's Paris Diary, a fragment of which is presented here for the first time in translation, traces two months of the filmmaker's sojourn in Paris between December 1929 and February 1930. It captures the singular way in which he interwove theoretical reflections with free associations, political remarks, and random observations. Containing drawings and notes, these pages also bear witness to significant encounters with the biologist and micro-cinematographer Jean Painlevé, the ethnographer Georges-Henri Rivière, and, the subject of speculation for many decades, the philosopher and cultural theorist Georges Bataille. Critical discussions of Surrealism, including Luis Buñuel's and Salvador Dalí's film Un chien andalou, are also reported. The diary's fragmentary notes and metamorphic associations perform Eisenstein's transposition of experimental Surrealist techniques, such as free association, onto his own autotheoretical writing.
Heinemannomyces, Hymenagaricus and Xanthagaricus revisited (Basidiomycota, Agaricaceae)
Authors: YANG KUN L. , LIN JIA Y. , LI GUANG-MEI , LIU ZHEN-CHAO , HOSEN MD. IQBAL , YANG ZHU L.
Published: July 2024

The taxonomy regarding three closely related genera of Agaricaceae, viz. Heinemannomyces, Hymenagaricus and Xanthagaricus, is updated based on morphological and four-locus molecular phylogenetic evidence from collections gathered in South China. Thirteen species identified from 122 collections are described, including Heinemannomyces splendidissimus, eight new species of Xanthagaricus, viz. X. boluoshanensis, X. chamaeleontinus, X. guangzhouensis, X. heinemannii, X. minimus, X. phylononcaeruleus, X. retisporus and X. scauinus, and four known species of Xanthagaricus, viz. X. erinaceus, X. ianthinus, X. necopinatus and X. purpureosquamulosus. Among them, He. splendidissimus is phylogenetically recognized as a Hymenagaricus species, namely Hy. splendidissimus, and Xanthagaricus heinemannii is morphologically similar to Hy. splendidissimus in floccose squamules on the pileus and stipe. Both species have pileus squamules composed of inflated cells in the lower layer and hyphae forming an irregular trichoderm in the upper layer. However, X. heinemannii differs from Hy. splendidissimus by the context not turning reddish after damaged, brownish lamellae, and usually without hymeniform elements in pileus squamules. These findings suggest that species of both Hymenagaricus and Xanthagaricus may present hyphae forming an irregular trichoderm in pileus squamules. Xanthagaricus erinaceus is rediscovered after 40 years, together with X. necopinatus and X. purpureosquamulosus are three newly recorded species in China.
Four new species and two new records of Nola Leach, 1815 from China (Lepidoptera: Nolidae: Nolinae)
Authors: YU YONG , HU YAN-QING
Published: July 2024

Four new species of the genus Nola Leach, 1815 (N. lufengensis sp. nov., N. lancangensis sp. nov., N. mojiangensis sp. nov. and N. hutiaoxiaensis sp. nov.) are described from Yunnan Province from China. Nola ochrolopha (Hampson, 1911) is reported from China for the first time and Nola meilingchani László, Ronkay & Ronkay, 2014 is firstly reported from mainland China. Detailed illustrations of adult and male and female genitalia are provided.
Modern Requirements of 18-25 Years Old Adults Against Seating Furniture in Hungary
Authors: Boros Eszter
Published: July 2024

This research examines the evolution of seating furniture in Hungary over the past 200 years by comparing three representative pieces. The first is the famous tulipános hope chest, also known as the wedding chest, a traditional piece of Hungarian furniture. The second example is a bench from 1965, designed by József Zalavári, a renowned Hungarian designer and university professor. The third piece is the Kuube smart street bench from 2020. These three pieces exemplify the changing requirements and preferences for seating furniture over time. To support this comparative analysis, an online questionnaire was conducted in April 2024 targeting young adults aged 18-25 years. The survey aimed to understand their preferences and expectations for modern seating furniture. It was distributed and completed through various Hungarian Facebook groups, where these respondents are regularly active. The primary focus of the questionnaire was to identify the most important factors for the next generation in terms of seating furniture usage. Surprisingly, the results indicated that respondents were not particularly concerned with recycling and renewable energy sources in furniture production. Instead, they prioritized multifunctionality and ergonomic design. These findings provide valuable insights for future designers and projects, highlighting the essential considerations for creating seating furniture that meets the needs and preferences of Generation Z and Alpha users. By understanding these trends, designers can develop innovative solutions that align with the evolving demands of younger generations.
On Farm Performance of Finger Millet Varieties in Dera District of South Gondar Zone
Authors: Gashu Ayele , Melak Adane , Anteneh Misganaw
Published: July 2024

Finger millet is an important food security crop and beneficial for human health. This study aimed to evaluate the on farm performance of the finger millet varieties in Dera district. The study took place in Korata Kebele and assessed grain yield and farmer feedback. The performance differences between the Necho variety (the demonstrated variety) and the farmers' variety were evaluated. Recent 10 years' grain yield data from the Dera district agriculture office was used to analyze the growth rates of area coverage, production, and productivity in the district using the compounded annual growth rate (CAGR). Furthermore, the performance of the Necho variety was compared to its potential and farmer variety using the technology gap, extension gap, and technology index. From 2014 to 2018, the annual growth rate of area coverage and productivity in Dera district declined by 1.6% and 1.7% per year, respectively. Moreover, from 2019 to 2023, the average annual growth rate of area coverage, production, and productivity decreased by 0.75%, 2.6%, and 3.4% per year, respectively. The technology index for the Necho variety in the production seasons of 2021, 2022, and 2023 was -4%, 16%, and 36%, respectively. The higher value in the 2023 season indicated a decline in the performance of the Necho variety compared to the farmer variety. This decline was attributed to the occurrence of blast disease. To address this issue, it is recommended to practice early planting and use recommended fungicides (Natura 250EW and Tilt 250EC). The district agriculture office must ensure easy accessibility of these fungicides in the market for farmers to utilize.
Effects of Organic Farming on Soil Probiotics of Double Rice Cropping System in South China
Authors: Li Yufei , Wu Puilam , Che Zhekuan , Cai Jiayu , Wen San , Yan Orchid , Zhan Xiujie , Ma Jiaxue
Published: July 2024

Organic management practices of double rice cropping can contribute to soil health and crop productivity. However, the impact of organic versus conventional farming practices (CK) on the diversity and functionality of soil probiotics remains poorly understood, despite growing interest in sustainable agricultural methods. To this end, this study evaluated the effects of these farming systems in double rice production on soil microbial communities using metagenomic sequencing and the PROBIO database. Our study accessed the Shannon and Simpson diversity indices of soil probiotics between the two farming systems. Specifically, the Shannon index values were 93.82 for CK and 93.51 for organic farming, showing no statistically significant difference. Similarly, the Simpson index values were 6.18 for CK and 6.46 for organic farming, also demonstrating no significant variance. However, distinct variations in microbial community compositions were observed. Organic farming significantly increased (P < 0.05) the abundance of probiotics that benefit plant growth and nitrogen supply, but reduced those associated with plant nutrient supply and yield. The results show that while organic farming can positively influence certain microbial functions beneficial for sustainable agriculture, it also presents challenges that may affect crop productivity and ecosystem services. These findings suggest that organic farming practices need to be carefully managed to harness the benefits of enhanced microbial functions without compromising crop yields.
Hybrid Position and Force Control for Upper Limb Rehabilitation of Stroke Patient
Authors: Ali Muhammad , Bilal Muhammad , Akram Muhammad , Rizwan Mohsin
Published: July 2024

This paper presents hybrid position and force control (HPFC) methodology for position and as well as force tracking for upper limb rehabilitation of stroke patients. Stroke is a leading cause of disability in humans. Traditional rehabilitative therapies help regain motor function and ameliorate impairment, but they depend on the therapist’s experience and require many therapists, which is cost-prohibitive. Most robotic tasks with high severity such as rehabilitation, demands an effective force as well as position control scheme to ensure the safe physical contact between the robot and its environment in this case the patient. Some rehabilitation robots have been developed to help stroke survivors recover motor function. In past robots used for upper-limb rehabilitation employed general control schemes such as proportional integral derivative. To overcome the problem of force tracking in rehabilitation, robots require modern control techniques. To mimic the human upper-limb, and universality of application, an end-effector based robot is used for this study. To ensure the convergence of position and force errors to zero extensive simulations are performed. Two of assistant modes passive and active assistive rehabilitation are considered. Most common rehabilitation trajectories horizontal reaching, and vertical reaching are selected as robot’s motion for both passive and active assistive activities. The mathematical model of robots’ kinematics, dynamics, alongside the proposed control scheme has been discussed in detail.
Person Centred Care in Neurological Rehabilitation: A Case Study and Critical Reflection
Authors: Wilkinson Mark
Published: July 2024

Healthcare systems and organizations consider maintaining and improving the quality of their service provisions whilst also being mindful of strategies to mitigate identified gaps in their clinical services. One such approach that has found favour among healthcare teams and institutions is that of person centered care. Person centered care places emphasis on situating the individual at the core of the decision-making process, identifying, and illuminating what is of greatest importance to the concerned person. The approach fosters a belief in equal and collaborative goal setting between the person and their healthcare team, respecting the individual’s needs and their preferences as people. One area where this approach can be adopted is that of neurological rehabilitation. The ethos of mutual respect and partnership between the individual and the multidisciplinary team can guide and inform the process of rehabilitation. This paper aims to deliver a critical appraisal of the application of the principles of person centered care in neurological rehabilitation. This will be referenced to a clinical scenario involving a young person with a stroke. The case will link the theory of person centered care discussing the models and frameworks realised in the clinical story. This will lead to a discussion and conclusion on the value of person centered care for people, professionals, teams, and organizations.
Review on: Public Perception of Biotechnology on Genetically Modified Crops, Bio Policy and Intellectual Property Rights
Authors: Dessie Amare , Zegeye Zemenu
Published: July 2024

Public discussion about genetically modified crops is strongly heavily influenced by debates over their risks and benefits. Supporters of biotechnology point to its potential to reduce hunger, prevent malnutrition, treat diseases, and improve overall health and quality of life. However, there is considerable opposition to biotechnology. Some critics argue that it poses risks to human health and the environment, while others oppose it on moral and ethical grounds. The transfer of genes between different species is often criticized as "playing God" or breaking the "Law of Nature." Biosafety on (GM) crops is a rapidly growing field that includes scientific research, ethical issues, and policy and regulatory frameworks to assess and manage risks to human and animal health, including food and feed safety, as well as environmental risks related to modern biotechnology products. Bio-policy refers to the rules, norms, and ethical considerations that govern the development, production, and use of biotechnology products. These policies differ by country and can be influenced by international agreements and organizations. A key international agreement (TRIPS) Agreement, which sets global standards for intellectual property protection. The Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) Agreement requires governments to issue patents in technological sectors, including modern biotechnology, to protect innovations in this field. This ensures that biotechnological advancements, including GM crops, are protected under intellectual property laws, aiding their development and commercialization while addressing ethical and safety concerns.
Software Testing Framework for the Financial Market
Authors: Oyemade David
Published: July 2024

A well designed, developed and tested software is usually reliable and it produces the same consistent outputs for a set of inputs. However, financial markets software is different because it can produce different results for the same periods of back-testing with the same input historical data, usually downloaded from the financial market broker’s trading server. These inconsistency of results can confuse a financial market software developer when testing for the profitability of developed expert advisors because a profitable expert advisor can be wrongly discarded as unprofitable, leading to frustrations. This problem can be addressed when new software testing processes and indicators are added to the conventional ones such as functional testing, performance testing, usability testing, etc., associated with normal software development. This paper proposes a software testing framework for the financial market with novel software testing processes and indicators. The proposed software testing framework integrates six software testing processes namely, brokers test, currency pairs test, spread test, weekday-weekend test, back testing-live test and time and space overhead test. The paper further analyzes the problem of time and space overheads associated with the financial market software during back-testing and real life implementation. The framework was applied to real life trading in the Forex financial market. The results show that the proposed framework improves the profitability of the financial market software when applied in different scenarios.
Gallbladder Volvulus: A Rare Case of Pre-operative Diagnostic Quandary
Authors: Mittal Kriti , Panthi Sagar , Donahue Terrence , Kevorkian Noubar
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Gallbladder volvulus (GBV) is a rare but critical condition characterized by torsion of the gallbladder on its mesentery. Prompt surgical intervention is crucial in preventing complications and improving patient outcomes. Despite advancements in imaging techniques, diagnosing GBV remains challenging due to its nonspecific clinical presentation and low preoperative detection rates. Case Details: This paper presents the case of a 79-year-old female presenting with symptoms suggestive of acute appendicitis and urinary tract infection. Imaging, including Computed Tomography (CT), ultrasound, (US) and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP), were indicative of acute acalculous cholecystitis. Intraoperatively, a necrotic gangrenous gallbladder was encountered, resulting from GBV. Discussion: GBV poses diagnostic difficulties due to its variable presentation and low preoperative detection rates. Misdiagnoses poses significant risk of mismanagement, especially in the elderly and high risk populations, where non-operative management is attempted (antibiotics, percutaneous cholecystostomy, etc.) leading to increased morbidity and mortality. Therefore, high index of suspicion and correlation with imaging findings are crucial for accurate diagnosis. While various imaging modalities can assist in diagnosis, interpretation may be challenging, as demonstrated in this case. Surgical intervention, preferably through laparoscopy, is the cornerstone of treatment and offers favorable outcomes when performed promptly. Conclusion: In conclusion, GBV is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition that necessitates early recognition and surgical intervention. Despite challenges in diagnosis, a comprehensive clinical and radiological approach is crucial for timely management and optimal patient outcomes. Further research and awareness are warranted to enhance early diagnosis of this uncommon entity.
Earthing System Analysis for Steel Tower Carrying 33kV Line
Authors: David Adebayo , Ncheta Ifeagwu , Rufus Ogunsakin
Published: July 2024

This study examines the critical analysis of earthing systems connected to steel towers that carry 33 kV power lines. Ensuring the safety and dependability of power transmission infrastructure becomes crucial in light of the growing demand for energy. By utilizing sophisticated computational methodologies and simulation approaches, this research carefully investigates how well the earthing system performs in various operational circumstances and fault scenarios. A thorough modeling technique is used in the analysis, which considers a number of variables including fault currents, tower design, soil resistivity, and grounding electrode configurations. In order to give a comprehensive understanding of the behavior of the system and its consequences for operational reliability, the study simulates many situations, including normal operation and fault occurrences. By using sophisticated numerical simulations and sensitivity analysis, the research pinpoints important factors affecting the earthing system's efficiency and suggests creative optimization techniques. These optimization techniques could involve changing the location of the grounding electrode, improving the materials used in the conductor, or putting additional safety precautions in place. The researcher's conclusions have important ramifications for the engineering community since they provide practical advice on how to strengthen the security and robustness of power transmission networks. The study adds to the continuous efforts to improve the efficiency and dependability of electrical grids by addressing potential weaknesses in the architecture of the earthing system. This thorough study advances the field of earthing system engineering by offering a solid platform for next studies and real-world implementations. Through this work, we can better understand the dynamics of earthing systems and optimization methodologies, which will help build more resilient and sustainable power transmission infrastructure that can adapt to society's changing energy needs.
Airway Management of Intracranial Aneurysms Associated with Nasopharyngolaryngeal Hemangioma: A Case Report
Authors: Wu Guowei , Xu Hongwei
Published: July 2024

Intracranial aneurysm is a very common disease, which is an abnormal bulge on the wall of intracranial artery. It is the first cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage. With the development of imaging, the disease is easily diagnosed. A 60-year-old man was diagnosed with anterior communicating artery aneurysm and underwent aneurysm clipping. During routine induction of anesthesia, a nasopharyngolaryngeal hemangioma was visualized under a video laryngoscope. This poses a serious challenge for tracheal intubation. With the assistance of a video laryngoscope and local anesthesia with lidocaine, a 6.5# reinforced endotracheal tube was inserted. Nasopharyngolaryngeal hemangioma is a congenital vascular anomaly characterized by proliferation of endothelial cells. The incidence of infantile and childhood hemangiomas is low, and most spontaneously resolve by the age of 4 to 6 years. Adult nasopharyngolaryngeal hemangioma are extremely rare and are residual lesions from infancy and childhood. Although nasopharyngolaryngeal hemangioma does not clearly affect the quality of life of patients, intracranial hemangioma has caused blurred vision and decreased vision. Therefore, surgery for intracranial aneurysm was necessary for this patient. This case emphasizes the management of unplanned difficult airway of pharyngeal hemangioma and the emergency plan for hemangioma rupture and bleeding. Provide guidance and risk management procedures for nasopharyngotracheal intubation.
The Relationship Between Postoperative Drainage Volume and the Incidence of Postoperative Renal Injury in Infants Undergoing Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Yuan Yuan
Published: July 2024

Cardiac surgery-related acute kidney injury (CS-AKI) is a serious and frequently encountered complication that occurs in children undergoing cardiac surgery. It is particularly prevalent among those who undergo complex and prolonged surgical procedures. CS-AKI is a complex condition that can lead to significant morbidity and even mortality, and thus, understanding its pathogenesis and identifying potential risk factors is crucial for improving patient outcomes. One of the most consistent contributing factors to the development of CS-AKI is intraoperative bleeding. Bleeding during surgery can lead to hemodynamic instability, which in turn can affect renal perfusion and oxygen supply, ultimately leading to kidney injury. Intraoperative renal hypoperfusion and oxygen supply and demand imbalances are recognized as important pathogenic mechanisms underlying CS-AKI. To further investigate the relationship between intraoperative bleeding and postoperative kidney damage, researchers have conducted prospective observational studies. These studies focus on infants and young children undergoing cardiac surgery, as they are particularly vulnerable to the complications of such surgeries. By carefully observing and documenting the postoperative drainage volume, researchers aim to evaluate the correlation between postoperative blood loss and the incidence of postoperative renal injury. The results of these studies have provided valuable insights into the pathophysiology of CS-AKI. However, it is important to note that the correlation between postoperative eCrCl (estimated creatinine clearance) and postoperative drainage volume has not been found to be significant. This suggests that while intraoperative bleeding may contribute to the development of kidney injury, it may not be the sole determinant of renal outcome.
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis of Factors Contributing to the Spread of Cholera in Kenya from 2000 to 2022
Authors: Okinyi Samuel , Karomo Joseph Njuguna , Mbinya Nzioka Dorcas , Thoya Mohammed Kassim
Published: July 2024

Cholera is a deadly disease caused by consumption of either food or water that is contaminated with bacterium known as Vibro cholerae. In the 19th century, Cholera had spread across the globe from its original source in Ganges Delta, India. This research aimed to investigated the factors contributing to the spread of Cholera in Kenya from 2000 to 2022. The key objective was to fit a multiple linear regression model which aid in determining the goodness of fit as well as examining the relationship between different types of drinking water and spread of Cholera. Secondary data was obtained from United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF) and World Health Organization (WHO). The results showed a strong positive linear relationship between Surface water and proportion of population affected by Cholera. 88% total variation in the proportion of population being affected by Cholera can be explained by the Unimproved Basic water (UBW), Surface water (SW) and Least Basic drinking water (LBW). Significantly this research encouraged the use of the least basic drinking water which clearly showed an inverse proportion to the proportion of population affected by Cholera. In addition to that, the researchers recommend improved access to clean water and create awareness on the dangers of using untreated water.
Collusion, Arrogance, and Pressure on Fraudulent Financial Statements: The Role of Income Tax Rate (Evidence from Indonesia)
Authors: Triyani Nur , Yusrianti Hasni , Thamrin Kemas
Published: July 2024

Fraud in financial statements can have an impact on the accuracy and reliability of the use of financial statements, including affecting the amount of tax, fines paid, and the audit process. This study aims to analyze the effect of pressure, arrogance and collusion on financial statement fraud and the role of income tax rates as a moderating variable in non-financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2020-2022. The data in this study consisted of 207 research observations determined using purposive sampling method. Data collection was conducted through document analysis, using annual financial reports and annual reports. The analytical technique employed was regression analysis, moderated by Eviews. The study commenced with a descriptive statistical analysis, followed by an examination of the classical assumptions, including multicollinearity and heteroskedasticity. Finally, an analysis of moderated regression was conducted. The results of the regression analysis indicated that pressure, arrogance, and collusion were found to influence financial statement fraud. The moderated regression analysis demonstrated that the income tax rate was capable of moderating the influence of pressure, arrogance, and collusion on financial statement fraud. The theoretical implications of this study offer a novel perspective on the moderating effect of income tax rates on the relationship between pressure, arrogance and collusion and financial statement fraud. This study is of practical value and provides information that can inform decision-making for stakeholders.
Church Ministry Participants' Learning Participation Motives Effect on Servant Leadership
Authors: Lee Chugang , Hong Mikyung , Kim Jongpyo
Published: July 2024

This study was conducted in order to investigate the structural relationship between the learning participation motive effect on servant leadership in the church family ministry program and the sense of community. First, analyzing previous studies, a structural model was developed. Then, in the effort of verifying the structural model, 607 responses out of 700 questionnaires distributed into nationwide churches and institutes participating in church family ministry program were collected as target data. Informations on learning participation motive, servant leadership, and sense of community were collected through the questionnaires after the church family ministry program. In order to study the structural relationship between the servant leadership effect on learning participation motive and the sense of community, the collected data were analyzed according to structure equation model analysis. As a result, the structural model this study suggested was found proper. Accordingly, it was verified that the sense of community carrying the effect of intrinsic and extrinsic motives, two of learning participation motives, affected servant leadership. Also, it was verified that the subfactors of the sense of community played important role in enhancing servant leadership in cause and effect relationship between learning participating motive and servant leadership. Therefore, in church family ministry program, it can be suggested that moderating sense of community under the consideration of participants’ intrinsic and extrinsic motives makes moderating the level of learning participation motive possible.
Exploring the Emotional Experience of Tourists in Immersive Service Scenarios: A Case Study of Super Wenheyou Restaurant
Authors: Wu Lei , Teng Yangyang , Hu Jia
Published: July 2024

With the rapid development of the immersive service scenarios, the practical problems of the tourism industry have gradually undergone qualitative changes, and the core contradiction has changed from the simple "tourism attraction" to the more complex "tourism experience quality" problem. In the process of "immersive experience", "emotion" plays a powerful guiding role in the immersive scenarios design, guiding tourists to real-time interaction, immersive and emotional resonance. Therefore, emotional experience has become the key in the development of immersive service scenarios. This study collects the data of tourists in Wenheyou through a questionnaire of tourists' emotional experience test, and discusses the tourists' emotional experience needs, effects and improvement strategies under the background of the three-stage characteristics of immersive scenarios and emotional interaction. Tourists' emotional experience and Word frequency by ROST CM (ROST Content Mining System) 6.0, was employed for data analysis. The study elucidates that within the Wenheyou immersive service scenarios, the physical service environment, cultural stimuli, and service products serve as primary catalysts for fostering positive emotional experiences among tourists. Drawing on psychological theories and utilizing the PANAS (Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule) scale and Robert Plutchik's emotion wheel model, the research delves into tourists' emotional experiences within the Wenheyou immersive service scenarios. It identifies key factors shaping positive and negative emotional experiences, offering valuable insights for service enterprises to enhance tourists' emotional quality.
Climate Change Trend Using Descriptive Time Series Technique in Machine Learning: A Case of Jimma Zone, Southwestern Ethiopia
Authors: Gemmechis Wendafiraw
Published: July 2024

Understanding climate variability and monitoring time-series trends of temperature and rainfall is crucial for the sustainable development of our planet. This study utilized historical data from the Global Historical Climatology Network-Monthly (GHCN-M) provided by the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) to analyze the temperature and rainfall data from 2015 to 2022. The analysis was conducted using Python 3.1.1 on Anaconda Jupyter Notebook and the package matplotlib 3.2.1 was used for data visualization. The results revealed a pattern of maximum rainfall between March to May for the years 2020, 2021, and 2022, while for the years 2017, 2018, and 2019, the maximum rainfall was recorded in October, December, and November. Additionally, the annual maximum rainfalls were recorded in the years 2020 and 2022, and the annual maximum temperatures for all study years were recorded in January, February, and March months. On the other hand, the annual minimum temperatures for all study years occurred in June, July, August, and September months. Similarly, annual average temperatures were recorded in January, February, and March months. This study emphasizes the importance of monitoring climate change and its impacts on our planet. By understanding climate variability and time-series trends, we can better prepare for the future and work towards a sustainable world.
Competitive Analysis at the Cournot-Nash Equilibrium of an Interconnected Network
Authors: Voalintsoa Onja , Randriamitantsoa Andry , Rakotoniaina Solofo
Published: July 2024

The electric power network has long been subject to monopolization, encompassing production, transportation, and distribution sectors. However, recent liberalization efforts have introduced competition into the electricity market. To understand and manage this competition, game theory, a prominent tool in economics, is frequently employed. Specifically, competition within the electricity market has been analyzed through various game-theoretical models, including Bertrand's atomicity, Cournot's homogeneity, and Nash's research competition. These models aim to achieve the Cournot-Nash equilibrium, where each participant in the market makes optimal decisions given the strategies of others. To effectively allocate production and ensure a balance between supply and demand, as well as to maintain the stability of the interconnected network, one has adopted a method that combines Load Flow techniques with game theory principles. This hybrid approach enables a strategic distribution of power production, taking into account the competitive dynamics of the market. By integrating these methodologies, one can address the complexities of competition while ensuring efficient and stable operation of the power grid. This innovative approach not only enhances the management of electricity production and distribution but also fosters a more competitive and resilient power network. Moreover, the application of game theory in this context allows for a deeper understanding of strategic interactions among market participants. It helps in predicting behaviors, formulating strategies, and anticipating market changes, thus providing a robust framework for decision-making. This is particularly crucial in a liberalized market where multiple entities vie for market share and profitability. By employing game-theoretical insights, one can simulate various market scenarios, optimize resource allocation, and enhance overall market efficiency. Furthermore, this approach supports the integration of renewable energy sources by ensuring that their variable nature is accommodated within the grid's operational dynamics. In summary, the intersection of game theory and load flow methods offers a comprehensive solution to the challenges posed by a competitive electricity market, paving the way for a sustainable and efficient energy future.