bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On the Potential of Upcycling Plastic Wastes to Carbon-Capturing
Materials Using Supercritical Fluid-Assisted Injection Molding
Process
Authors: Pirani Mahdi , Meiabadi Mohammad Saleh , Moradi Mahmoud , Enriquez Lissette Garcia , Sreenivasan Sreeprasad T. , Farahani Saeed
Published: January 2025

With the extensive production and widespread use of plastics, the issue of
environmental pollution caused by plastic waste has become increasingly
prominent. Consequently, researchers have been focusing on developing efficient
methodologies for upcycling waste plastics and converting them into value-added
materials. This hybrid review–conceptual article first provides an overview of
strategies for upcycling waste plastic into carbon-capturing materials. It
presents carbonization and activation as key steps in converting plastic waste
into adsorbent materials and explores strategies for converting common waste
plastics. Building upon this foundation, the article introduces and
conceptualizes a novel upcycling approach with two manufacturing routes to
convert plastic waste into carbon-capturing materials using supercritical fluid
(ScF)-assisted injection molding process. It continues by investigating the
potential of developing lightweight components made of such carbon-capturing
materials for transportation and construction applications. Through a
combination of review and conceptual exploration, this research demonstrates
that the ScF-assisted foaming process can effectively convert plastic waste into
materials with enhanced mechanical properties and effective carbon dioxide
(CO2) absorption capacity. Successful realization of this concept
will be a promising advancement in developing sustainable materials and
technologies that can contribute to mitigating the negative effects of both
plastic waste and CO2 emission, hence supporting the shift toward
sustainable, environment-friendly transportation.
N-Doped activated carbon derived from water hyacinth for ultra-stable metal-free bifunctional electrode for zinc-air battery
Authors: Ergete Assegid , Huang Yongfa , Zhou Jiawei , Getachew Teklewold , Taye Asmamaw , Xia Ruidong , Iheanyichukwu Iwuoha Emmanuel , Peng Xinwen , Admassie Shimelis
Published: January 2025

Activated N-doped carbon derived from water hyacinth leaves (WHL) was prepared and investigated as metal-free bi-functional catalyst for oxygen reduction and evolution (ORR/OER) in zinc-air batteries (ZABs). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) methods were used to examine the morphology, elemental composition and the specific surface area of the samples, respectively. Linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) at rotating disk electrodes (RDEs) and rotating ring-disk electrodes (RRDEs) were employed to characterize the electrocatalytic activities. The electrochemical studies reveal that N-doped porous carbon from N-WHLs exhibited remarkable electrocatalytic activity for ORR, with an onset potential of 0.95 V and half-wave potential of 0.88 V comparable to commercial Pt/C catalyst. It also displays promising activity towards OER, with an overall potential of 1.86 V versus RHE to reach a current density of 10 mAcm, resulting in an oxygen electrode activity (OEA) value of 0.98 V. The percentage of hydrogen peroxide produced was significantly low, with average electron transfer number value of 3.94 at 0.8 V for N-WHL. Furthermore, the ZAB using N-WHL catalysts as an air cathode displayed a power density of 84 mW cm−2 and superior stability over 450 hours.
KEY WORDS: Bifunctional catalyst, Oxygen reduction reaction, Oxygen evolution reaction, Water hyacinth, Zinc-air battery.
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2025, 39(3), 571-584.                                                          
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v39i3.14
Computational details of molecular structure, spectroscopic properties, DFT calculations and molecular docking study of some 1,4-disubstituted-1,2,3-triazole derivatives derived from 4-aminobenzen sulfonic acid
Authors: Abdul Kadhim Mazyed Hawraa , Hameed Imran Noor , Adil  Mohammed Shaymaa , G. Munahi Murad , J. Nahi Riyadh
Published: January 2025

In the current study, structural optimization, electronic, vibrational properties and molecular docking simulation were investigated for two 1,4-disubstituted-1,2,3-triaozle derivatives (A and B). The theoretical spectroscopic analytical results of IR, NMR and UV–Vis were obtained using DFT methods, and the predicted results were compared to the experimental results reported in the literature. To forecast the highly electron-dense locations of the compounds, the molecular electrostatic surface potential, (MEP) was analyzed; and the quantum and chemical characteristics were computed. A thorough discussion of topological analysis using the reduced density gradient (RDG) was conducted. Moreover, to predict (in silico) the antiviral behavior of the reported heterocyclic compounds A and B, the crystal structures of the viral hepatitis C (6UE3 and 8DK6) were subjected to molecular docking simulation. The binding affinity between the heterocyclic ligands and the target proteins was investigated using molecular docking. The results showed that the triaozle derivatives have a good binding energy toward the virus target 8DK6 (-7.16 and -7.03 kcal/mol) for compound A and B, respectively. Herein, we introduce two triazole derivatives as potential anti-HCV.
KEYWORDS: 1,2,3-Triazole, Computational study, DFT, In silico, Molecular docking, HCV.
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2025, 39(3), 585-600.                                                           
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v39i3.15
Investigating the effects of equeous fruit extract of Tamarindus indica on mercuric chloride-induced liver toxicity in adult Wistar rats
Authors: Nweke S.M. , Okafor N. , Eze G.I.
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Mercury is a highly toxic metal that poses substantial risks to human health due to its widespread environmental presence and industrial use. Exposure to mercury occurs through various routes, leading to tissue damage mostly liver. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of aqueous fruit extract of Tamarindus indica on Mercuric chloride-induced liver damage in adult Wistar rats.  
METHODOLOGY: A total of 42 adult male Wistar rats were divided into six groups with seven rats per group and administered 250mg/kg and 500mg/kg doses of Tamarindus indica extracts and 1mg/kg of mercury chloride. Liver tissues were harvested after administration of the extracts for 60 days and mercury chloride administration for 30 days. The harvested liver tissues were fixed with 10% formal saline for about 24hrs and processed into microscopic slides, and subjected to microscopic examination. Biochemical assays were conducted also to investigate the levels of liver enzymes.
RESULTS: Rats in group B treated with mercury chloride showed significant decreases in body weight and increases in liver weight, indicative of the inflammation of the hepatocytes. Elevated levels of liver enzymes and histological changes further indicated liver damage induced by mercury chloride. However, rats treated with Tamarindus indica extracts showed increase on body weight change, liver weight, liver enzymes, and histological alterations, suggesting potential hepatoprotective properties.  
CONCLUSION: Tamarindus indica demonstrates potential therapeutic benefits in attenuating mercury chloride-induced liver damage, highlighting its role as a natural hepatoprotective agent.
Zingerone mitigates hepatic injury associated with Dimethylnitrosamine exposure in male adult Wistar rats
Authors: Nwafor J.A. , Eze G.I. , Innih S.O.
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Dimethyl nitrosamine (DMN) burden compromises liver function due to its complicated pathophysiology. Zingerone (ZG), is a phenolic compound in ginger rhizome with pharmacological potential against chemo toxin mediated hepatic damage. This study investigated the therapeutic efficacy of Zingerone against DMN in the liver
METHODOLOGY:  Thirty-six rats were randomly divided into groups of 6 rats each. Group A (control), Group B (given 10mg/kg DMN for 4 weeks). Group C, D, E, F (Pre-treated with oral doses of 25mg/kg, 50mg/kg, 75mg/kg body weight of ZG and 50mg/kg of silymarin respectively for 4weeks followed thereafter with 10mg of DMN for 4weeks). At the end of experiment, the animals (fasted) were sacrificed; blood samples obtained for assay of Gamma Glutamyl Transferase (GGT) activity, Total bilirubin concentration (Tbil) and the liver harvested for histological and histochemical evaluations. Data obtained were analysed using graph pad prism, 8.0 and Image J for quantifying staining intensity.
RESULTS: ZG pre-treated rats showed significantly (p<0.05) decreased GGT activity and Tbil concentration compared to DMN-alone exposed rats. Furthermore, necrotic changes with inflammatory cell infiltrations, vascular ulceration, pyknotic hepatocytes with sinusoidal distortions in the histology of DMN alone treated rats were minimal in ZG pre-administered rats. Despite fasting, DMN-alone exposed rats still showed strong PAS reaction, associated with impaired glycogenolysis and unregulated glycogenesis. However, moderate intrahepatic glycogen store depicted by mild PAS reaction were seen in ZG pre-treated rats. These were particularly visible at 75mg/kg, comparing favorably to control and silymarin pre-treated rats.
CONCLUSION: Zingerone is a promising hepatoprotective agent against DMN hepatic injury.
Assessment of the Ameliorative Effect of Vitamin A on Heat Stress Using White Albino Mice
Authors: Wassagwa J. , Ewa O. , Addy E.O. , Ejiofor D.C. , Elekwa E.A. , Ngwu E.E. , Okoye O.F. , Agu K.A.
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Biofortification of food and food addictives with vitamin A is basically aimed at improving vision and or preventing the occurrences of vision related diseases. This usually entails the inclusion of a defined amont of the said micronutrient in a target food. Thus, fortification of animal feed with vitamin A to ameliorate heat stress and increase animal production is possible if the ideal concentration of the said micromutrient is determined for inclusion. Therefore, Aim: this study aims at assessing the ameliorative role of vitamin A (retinol) in the management of Heat Stress (HS).
MATERIALS AND METHOD: Thirty adult male albino mice were divided into six (6) groups of five (5) rats per groups. Methodology: Group I was the normal control and was not exposed to heat stress.While groups III and IV were exposed to 57 mw/cm2 of solar radiation at 37oC, groups V and VI were exposed to 98 mw/cm2 of solar radiation at 47oC. Exposure to solar radiation lasted for 21 days during which groups II, III-VI were administered 30 mg/kg body weight of vitamin A for 21 days as well.
RESULTS: Feed intake for groups III-VI was significantly (p<0.05) lower than that of groups I and II. Finial body weights for groups III-VI were significantly (p<0.05) lower than the initial body weight. Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance (TBARS) for groups III-VI was significantly (p<0.05) higher than that of groups I-II.
CONCLUSION: It can be deduced from this study that 30 mg/kg of vitamin A did not ameliorate varying magnitudes of heat stress studied.
Study of some anthropometric variables among menopausal women with type II diabetes in Lagos Mainland: Shomolu Local Government Area and its environ
Authors: Opoola F.O. , Adebisi S.S. , Tanko J.P. , Akuyam S.A. , Nwankwo M. , Omotayo A.
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND AND AIM: According to clinical criteria, menopause is when a woman stops having periods for at least 12 consecutive months which involves hormonal changes that can be challenging for diabetic women especially those reliant on insulin. Anthropometric parameters, including body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), are critical indicators of metabolic health and disease risk in menopausal women. Postmenopausal women with type II diabetes often exhibit altered anthropometric parameters such as higher body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), compared to their non-diabetic counterparts. The aim was to study some anthropometric parameters among menopausal women with type II diabetes in Lagos mainland, Shomolu Local Government Area and its environ.
 METHODOLOGY: The study was a cross sectional study among the clinically diagnosed type II diabetic menopausal women who attends clinic in Lagos mainland: Shomolu local government and its environs.
Seven hundred and two (702) clinically diagnosed type II diabetic menopausal women were recruited from some medical facilities at Lagos mainland. Anthropometric parameters such as height, weight, head, neck, mid upper arm, chest, waist, hip and thigh circumferences were taken using standard procedures. 
RESULTS: The results indicate the average age at menopause was 46.73±4.44 years and most of the women were diagnosed with Type II Diabetes after menopause (67.2%).
CONCLUSION: In conclusion, weak relationship between some Anthropometric parameters, among menopausal women with type II diabetes in Lagos mainland, Lagos state Nigeria.
Evaluation of geometric parameters of the lumbosacral vertebae: a radiographic study of indigenes, resident in Yenagoa
Authors: Johnbull T.O. , Ngoka S.O.
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Dimensions of geometric variables of the lumbar vertebrae are important for proper planning and implant design in the management of low back pain. Variations in the dimensions have been observed across different populations hence the objective of this study to provide reference values for the population under study. This study evaluates the geometric parameters of the lumbosacral vertebrae, focusing on the lumbosacral angle (LSA), lumbar lordosis angle (LLA), and lumbosacral disc angle (LSDA).
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Normal lumbosacral spine x-rays of 200 adult (96 males and 104 females) aged from 18-60 years were used for this study. The lumbosacral angle (LSA), lumber lordotic angle (LLA) and lumbosacral disc angle (LSDA) were measured using a goniometer. Simple random sampling technique was used and all data subjected to statistical analysis with p-value 0.05 as statistically significant.
RESULTS: The mean LSAo for all ages in our study population is 39.35o±6.04, while the mean of LLAo is 42.58o±7.27 and that for LSDA is 13.54o±2.60. No significant difference was seen in the values between males and females in LSAo, LLAo and LSDAo.
CONCLUSION: In conclusion this study determined the values of LSA, LLA and LSDA in the study population which will be of value in the intervention and management of low back pain in our population.
The concept of forensic taphonomy: understanding the postmortem processes of dead remains
Authors: Ikpa J.O. , Umana U.E. , Timbuak J.A. , Obun C.O. , Ema E.J. , Omuh M.E.
Published: January 2025

Taphonomy is the discipline that investigates and interprets all activities that occur to remains after death. Postmortem Interval (PMI) is a critical concept in forensic science and refers to the time elapsed between the death of an individual and the discovery and examination of their remains. Estimating the PMI is often one of the primary objectives in forensic investigations, as it can provide crucial information to investigators, such as the approximate time of death, which is vital in narrowing down potential suspects and reconstructing the events leading to the demise of an individual. By gaining insights into the PMI and the conditions surrounding a body after death, forensic taphonomy can aid law enforcement in solving crime by providing a scientific foundation for estimating when a crime might have occurred. The concept of forensic taphonomy is a dynamic and indispensable aspect of forensic science. It sheds light on the intricate processes that occur after death and helps solve mysteries, bring perpetrators to justice, and offer solace to those affected by the tragedy.  As forensic science continues to evolve, so does our understanding of taphonomy, making it an ever-relevant field in the realm of criminal investigations and human identification. The accuracy and dependability of PMI estimates have been substantially improved globally by improvements in methodologies and the incorporation of advanced Systems. However, difficulties still exist, such as differences in insect behavior across geographical regions and the requirement for thorough databases for documented data. Forensic taphonomy is a critical aspect of modern forensic science and as such requires development and research in developing countries hence the purpose of this study.
Histopathological Assessment of Cardiac Tissue in Arsenic Trioxide-Induced Wistar rats: Effects of Ethanol Leaf Extract of Irvingia gabonensis
Authors: Olukayode S.B. , Innih S.O. , Calmday-Ombo D.
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND AND AIM: The toxic effects of drugs and other related substances have attracted concerns from scientists. The passion about the availability of effective and cheap substances against organotoxicity in humans is increasing daily. This work assessed the histopathological changes in the heart of arsenic trioxide-induced Wistar rats and the effects of ethanol leaf extract of Irvingia gabonensis.
METHODOLOGY: Forty-two adult Wistar rats weighing between 160-190g were randomly divided into six groups of seven rats each. Group A served as the control, Group B received 10 mg/kg body weight of arsenic trioxide only, Groups C and D received 250 and 500 m/kg body weights of ethanol leaf extract of Irvingia gabonensis only respectively, Groups E and F received 250 and 500 mg/kg body weights of ethanol leaf extract of Irvingia gabonensis in addition to 10 mg/kg body weight of arsenic trioxide respectively. All administrations were through oral route for 28 days. After sacrifice, cardiac tissues were harvested, fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin and processed for haematoxylin and eosin staining. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Histological findings show that arsenic trioxide caused vascular distortion, perivascular infiltrates of inflammatory cells and focal myocardial degeneration. Treatment with graded doses of ethanol leaf extract of Irvingia gabonensis achieved a remarkable amelioration, with 250 mg/kg body weight having a better ameliorative effect, thus suggesting that ethanol leaf extract of Irvingia gabonensis exhibits cardioprotective activity against arsenic trioxide-induced damage and could be a potential cardioprotective substance.
Influence of aqueous leave extract of Newbouldia laevis on cadmium chloride -induced toxicity in pituitary-testicular axis of rats
Authors: Adebisi K.A. , Leko B. , Idaguko C.A.
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Cadmium (Cd), a natural element of the earth’s crust, induce reproductive dysfunction through oxidative stress. Newbouldia laevis is a free radical scavenger. Our study investigated the effect of aqueous leaf extract of Newbouldia laevis (NBL) on cadmium chloride-induced toxicity in pituitary-testicular axis of adult male Wistar rats.
METHODOLOGY: 25 male Wistar rats weighing 130-180g were divided into 5 groups of 5 rats each; control (distilled water), 3mg/kg body weight of CdCl2, 3mg/kg body weight of CdCl2 + 300mg/kg body weight of NBL, 3mg/kg body weight of CdCl2 + 450mg/kg body weight of NBL, 3mg/kg body weight of CdCl2 + 600mg/kg body weight of NBL Newbouldia laevis was administered orally and a single dose of 3mg/kg body weight of  CdCl2 subcutaneously both for 4 weeks. Semen analysis was evaluated, also the serum was used for the oxidative stress markers, sex hormones and histoarchitecture of the testes were evaluated.
RESULTS: There was a dose-dependent effect of NBL on the semen analysis and sex hormones when compared to the CdCl2 group.  NBL significantly (P˂0.05) increased SOD, CAT, GSH activities, and decreased Malondialdehyde when compared to the CdCl2 group; and it was dose-dependent effect. Histologically; at the dose of 300mg/kg body weight, there was degeneration in the seminiferous tubules, widening of interstitial spaces and testicular necrosis; while at 450mg/kg body weight, there was a reduced portion of seminiferous epithelial diameter, no germ cells at any spermatogenic phases, cluster of Leydig cells seen in the interstitial space, degenerative changes of seminiferous tubule and reduction in the diameter of the seminiferous tubule. However, at the dose of 600 mg/kg body weight; the testes revealed seminiferous tubules with increased diameters, present of Sertoli cells around the basement membrane, spermatozoa are seen in the lumen of seminiferous tubule while cluster of Leydig cells are present in the interstitial space.
CONCLUSION: Newbouldia laevis extracts produces a reversal of the deleterious effect of cadmium chloride on the testis at a higher dose. There is the possibility for the future use of NBL as an inhibitory agent of infertility.
A hybrid kernel: Fast-Fourier transform kernel model
Authors: Otaru O.P. , Barguma W.S , Onoghojobi B.
Published: January 2025

In reality, most relationships between random variables are nonlinear, and forcing a linear fit can lead to inaccurate predictions and poor model performance. Linear models are unsuitable for most situations due to a lack of flexibility to capture complex patterns and issues with overfitting when data is complex and underfitting when the model is too simple to capture the underlying pattern in the data. Thus, this study compares the performance of the proposed Fast Fourier transform kernel regression with some nonlinear models using simulated and real-life data. The result shows that integrating kernel regression with the Fast Fourier transform proves to be an efficient model based on a minimum root mean square error value of 0.341 and a maximum coefficient of determination (R2 ) value of 0.81 for simulated data, while real-life data had values of 0.007 and 0.94, respectively.
Impact of cassava peel on soil nutrient and microbial restoration of crude oil contaminated soil in Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Amadi N. , Yabrade M. , Okubor P.C.
Published: January 2025

The decrease in essential soil nutrients and microbial load in crude oil-contaminated soils poses a significant challenge to soil restoration efforts. This research was conducted to investigate the impact of cassava peel waste on enhancing soil nutrients and restoring microbial communities in crude oil-polluted soils. The study employed a Complete Randomized Design with the following treatments: T1: Crude oil-contaminated soil + 100g cassava peel waste; T2: Crude oil-contaminated soil + 200g cassava peel waste; T3: Crude oil-contaminated soil + 300g cassava peel waste; T4: Crude oilcontaminated soil only (control) + 0g cassava peel waste T5: Uncontaminated soil only (control) + 0g cassava peel waste. Two seedlings of Abelmoschus esculentus were planted in each treatment to assess the effects on plant growth. The application of cassava peel waste in crude oil-polluted soils (T1-810.05mg/kg; T2-809mg/kg; T3-640.5mg/kg) resulted in a significant decrease in Total hydrocarbon (THC) compared to (T4-1350mg/kg). Among the treatments, T3 exhibited the greatest reduction in THC. The highest mean values of potassium (K-32.3 mg/kg), and phosphorus (P-14.8 mg/kg) were recorded in T3 and T1 for nitrogen (N- 4.92 mg/kg) content. The height of the plants varied across the treatments, with the highest measurements recorded in T1 during week 2 (15.3 cm), T3 during weeks 4 and 8 (19.6 cm and 36.9 cm, respectively), and T2 during week 6 (26.3 cm). Additionally, T4 and T5, showed the least reduction in leaf number, stem girth, fresh and dry weight, and microbial population. Higher microbial loads were observed in the treatments with cassava waste T1 at 6wks and 8kws (24.0 x104 ; 26.0 x104 ); T3 at 2wks and 4kws (7.31 x104 ; 17.2x104 ) compared to the untreated contaminated soil (T4). This increase in microbial population is essential for the biodegradation of hydrocarbons and the overall recovery of soil health. The study highlights the potential of cassava peel as a cost-effective and environmentally friendly amendment that can be utilized in large-scale soil restoration efforts, particularly in regions affected by crude oil pollution.
Fixed point of discrete dynamical system of Lotka Volterra model
Authors: Osei Fokuo M. , Obeng – Denteh W. , Dontwi I.K , Mensah P.A.A.
Published: January 2025

Fixed point theorem is one of the theories in mathematics that has make many proofs been in existence. Lotka-Volterra model is a widely used pair of first-order nonlinear differential equations used to interpret the dynamics of two species that is a predator and a prey. The paper employs the contraction mapping and the Banach Fixed point theory on the Discrete Dynamical type of the Lotka-Volterra to see the outcome of its behavior.The Banach Fixed Theoryis used in determining the fixed point of discrete dynamical system of Lotka Volterra model.The results shows that the solutions of Lotka Volterra Model are the fixed points the of Model. Also, the outcome of contraction mapping and Banach fixed point theory shows that the fixed points serving as the limiting behavior of Lotka Volterra is continuous and convergent.
Anti-diabetic activity of hydro-ethanol extract of mature (yellow) Carica papaya leaf on streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats
Authors: Igbashio M.D. , Eluehike N. , Oriakhi K.
Published: January 2025

Diabetes is a metabolic disease, caused by significant abnormalities in insulin secretion or action on receptors. Many bioactive compounds from medical plants have demonstrated anti-diabetic efficacy with fewer side effects than synthetic medicines. This study was aimed at assessing the anti-diabetic effect of hydroethanol extract of mature (yellow) Carica papaya leaf on streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Forty-eight Wistar male rats were placed into six groups of eight animals per group: With the exception of Group A (normal control), all other groups were injected once intraperiotonially with streptozotocin, at a dose rate of 60 mg/kg body weight. Group B were untreated; Group C rats were treated with 100 mg/kg metformin, while Groups D, E, and F received 250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg, and 750 mg/kg of the extracts, respectively, for 14 days. The rats’ blood sugar levels were assayed as well as their body weight. Histopathological examination of tissue sections from the rats’ pancreas was also conducted. The results showed a significant decrease in the blood sugar levels of animals treated with 250 and 750 mg/kg body weight, while animals treated with 500 mg/kg body weight of the extract reversed the hyperglycemic condition to normalglycemic; likewise, improvement in body weight was observed in the group treated with 500 mg/kg of the extracts. The result from the histological evaluation of the pancreas correlates with the biochemical findings. Treatment with various concentrations of the extracts led to a moderate preservation of the pancreatic beta-cells. This study suggests that; mature (yellow)Carica papaya leaf has hypoglycemic potentials.
Palynological and paleoenvironmental analyses of the Miocene sediments of Gap-1 well in the onshore Niger Delta Basin.
Authors: Alege T.S. , Joseph G.E.
Published: January 2025

A comprehensive palynological investigation has been carried out for Gap-1 well penetrating the Agbada Formation in the Niger Delta Basin. The identification of shaly-sandstone, shale, mudstone, and clayey-sandstone lithofacies units and the delineation of four (4) informal palynological biozones (GI, GII, GIII, and GIV), correlating with the P670, P680, and P720Niger Delta pollen zonations, suggested the Early to Middle Miocene age for the investigated Gap-1 well in the Agbada Formation. The interpretation for the common to the relatively abundant occurrence of land-derived palynomorphs such as Verrucatosporites sp., Laevigatosporites sp, Zonocostites ramonae, Sapotaceae, as well as the occurrence of dinoflagellate cysts, Pediastrum sp, amongst others, as a fluvial-dominated delta to shallow marine environment within a humid climate is confirmed.
Geotechnical, geochemical and mineralogical evaluations of mine spoils of the Jos- Bukuru tin field, Central Nigeria: Implications for utilization as road construction material.
Authors: Daku S.S. , Igwe O. , Bala D.A.
Published: January 2025

The use of locally available and accessible soils for the construction of roads has become necessary due to the high cost associated with the procurement of soils with good engineering features. A geotechnical, geochemical and mineralogical approach has been adopted to evaluate the mine spoils of the Jos – Bukuru tin field for road construction. X–ray diffraction analysis indicated that mineral phases in the soil are quartz (77.38%), kaolinite (18.70%), hematite (1.57%), rutile (0.42%), goethite (1.56%), gibbsite (0.31%), and a negligible amount of montmorillonite (0.06%) which suggested that the undesirable problem of swelling and shrinking of the soil when utilized for road construction will not be expected. The geochemical test result showed that the investigated soils based on the silica– sesquioxide ratio are residual soils that are not ‘’true laterites’’ and have an average composition of 71.81 wt. % of SiO2, 17.56 wt.% of Al2O3, 9.03 wt. % of Fe2O3, 0.86 wt. % of TiO2 0.07 wt. % of P2O5 and less than 0.05% of CaO, MgO, K2O, MnO and Na2O. The oxides of silica, iron and aluminum help cement or bind the soil particles together. The results of geotechnical investigation showed that the soils are poorly graded with an average fine (silt and clay) composition of 56.03%, California bearing ratio (CBR) of 34.64%, maximum dry density (MDD) of 1.65g/cm3 , optimum moisture content (OMC) of 18.99%, angle of internal friction (ɸ)of 12.15O , cohesion of 30.77 KN/M2 and coefficient of permeability of 1.24x10-3 mm/sec respectively. The Atterberg consistency limit showed that the liquid limit, plastic limit, plasticity index and linear shrinkage values have averages of 38.68%, 23.16%, 15.53% and 10.33% respectively. Based on the requirement of the Federal Ministry of Works and Housing, only a few of the soil samples satisfied the requirements for use as a sub-base material for the construction of roads. The undesirable soil samples that did not meet the requirement mentioned can be improved using suitable admixtures.
Soil properties, environmental, socio-economic impact of oil spill on Onelga, Rivers State
Authors: Elenwo O.P. , Okwakpam I.O. , Elenwo E.I.
Published: January 2025

Study examined socio-economic and environmental impact of oil spills on residents of the study area. Experimental and cross-sectional method was adopted. Soil samples 5 top soils (0-15cm) and 5 sub soil (15-30cm) from impacted site, and 2 top soil samples (0-15cm) and sub soil (15-30cm) from unimpacted site as control. Physicochemical parameters (pH, EC, TOC and TOM), hydrocarbons (THC, TPH and PAH), and heavy metals (Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn, Ni and Fe) content of the soils were analysed. Results showed high heavy metals content on the impacted soil than the control; likewise, TOM, TOC (1.2184% and 1.324%, top soil and sub soil. TPH (36.21486ppm and 58.835ppm, top soil and sub soil, and PAH (18.498ppm and 19.935ppm, top soil and sub soil, with control value for PAH at zero. While pH (5.08 and 4.78, top soil and sub soil and EC (49.2µs/cm and 41.2µs/cm, top soil and subsoil values for impacted soil were higher than the control. Results show that oil spill has impacted on the soil and water bodies causing low crop yield and fish catch. Oil spill has affected the income and livelihood of the people exacerbating hunger and poverty. Study recommends a comprehensive environmental assessment in the area to ascertain the impact of oil spill on the environment and residents.
Oficio y arte del vidrio soplado en México
Authors: Leñero María del Pilar
Published: January 2025

En este artículo se abordan los orígenes de la manufactura del vidrio en México, así como la implementación de la técnica del vidrio soplado especialmente en Puebla y la Ciudad de México. También se mencionan los sistemas de producción de este oficio, además de los primeros obrajes y lugares donde se instalaron las primeras factorías, el uso de materias primas, hornos y utillaje para fundir y procesar el material vítreo. En suma, la ubicación de instalaciones de producción y sitios específicos de comercialización. Otro tema fundamental es la fabricación del vidrio plano y su utilización en vitrales. Se destaca la organización gremial, la expansión y desarrollo de la industria vítrea: siglos XIX y XX y las estirpes de vidrieros.
Josep Sarró y el vidrio esmaltado. Un médico apasionado por las artes del fuego
Authors: Carreras Barreda Jordi
Published: January 2025

Josep Sarró (Barcelona, 1897-1957) fue un destacado doctor que mantuvo en el ámbito privado una interesante producción artística. Sus objetos (vasos, copas y jarrón) en vidrio esmaltado y sus bocetos para ser realizados en aquella técnica nos muestran una estética variada y ecléctica, en línea con algunos artistas coetáneos. Su tarea debe situarse en el periodo de auge que potenció la Escola Superior de Bells Oficis en el marco cultural del Noucentisme, que en gran medida se alargó durante buena parte del siglo XX. En otros ámbitos de las artes decorativas también fue destacable su aportación, particularmente en la cerámica y en la orfebrería. Últimamente ha conseguido repercusión gracias a la compra de la mayor parte de su obra conocida por el Museo Nacional de Artes Decorativas (Madrid).
Management of Primary School Education for Pupils with Autism in Arusha City, Tanzania
Authors: Hozza Lelas , Joseph Munisi Rose
Published: January 2025

This study is about the management of primary school education for pupils with autism in Arusha City, Tanzania. The study employed the case study design, with a sample of 27 participants. The study used one-to- one interviews and focus group discussions as data collection strategies. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. Based on the findings, the study concluded that autism is a complex developmental condition in which individuals demonstrate challenges in various ways, such as social skills, repetitive behaviors, speech and nonverbal communication. In response, home visiting and collaborative leadership are key strategies in enhancing special education teachers’ competency for the autistic pupils. The study recommended that school leaders should enhance collaborative leadership in supporting teachers and creating favorable environment for autistic pupils.
Soil contamination of agricultural land with strontium-90: dynamics and spatial distribution
Authors:   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Tsybulka Mikalai M. , Zhuravkov Vladislav V. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Tsyribko Viktor B. ,   Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Alekseychik Elena V. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University
Published: January 2025

The analysis of dynamics, current state and spatial distribution of strontium-90 contaminated soils of arable and meadow lands based on the last round of their survey is presented. For a long post-accident period, the areas of lands contaminated with strontium-90 have decreased twice as a result of natural decay of radionuclides. At present, agricultural production is carried out on 271,06 thousand hа of lands contaminated with this radionuclide with the density of contamination 0,15–3,00 Ci/km2 that makes about 3,6 % of the total area of agricultural land of the republic. The ratio of the areas and distribution of agricultural lands by densities of radioactive contamination has significantly changed. The share of land with density of contamination 0,15–0,30 Ci/km2 is 62 % from the total area of the lands; with density of 0,31–1,00 Ci/km2 – 34 % and with density of 1,01–3,00 Ci/km2 – 4%. The contaminated with 90Sr land is mainly situated in the Gomel region (96 %). By administrative districts the share of contaminated lands varies from less than 0.1 to 96.4 % of the total area of agricultural land in the district. In agrarian land use in 11 districts there are 103,2 thousand ha of lands contaminated with strontium-90 with density of 0,31–3,00 Ci/km2, where exceeding of reference levels of radionuclide content in crop production, first of all, in grain for food purposes is observed. The areas of such lands vary widely by districts, however, the main massifs of such lands are concentrated in Bragin (39.5 thousand ha) and Khoyniki (37.8 thousand ha) districts of Gomel region. These two districts contain 75 % of all arable and meadow lands contaminated with strontium-90 with density higher than 0.30 Ci/km2.
Educational potential of the academic discipline «Foreign language» in the context of sustainable development goals
Authors:   Belarusian State Pedagogical University named after Maxim Tank, Shymanskaya Olga Yu.
Published: January 2025

Inspired by the reduction in classroom hours allocated for the discipline «Foreign Language» in the system of general higher education, as well as by the request for strengthening the educational potential of academic disciplines and the implementation of the ideas of education for sustainable development in the educational process, we suggest comprehensive value education
approach. Comprehensive competency-based tasks should be developed to simultaneously implement learning objectives, value education objectives, and sustainable development goals. In the process of critical review of the requirements stipulated by educational standards, the content of the educational material, as well as the recommendations of the value education documentation, we suggest options for implementing the objectives of education for sustainable development through the learning content and through ways of organizing student activities. Examples illustrate how to develop competency-based tasks, formulate the content of education and the behavioral objectives for the teacher’s ideological work plan. To assess the effectiveness of implementing the educational potential of the educational discipline «Foreign Language», the action research method was used, which implied solving educational problems in the system of pedagogical foreign language education. The novelty of the presented material is in the qualitative analysis of educational potential of the academic discipline «Foreign
Language» in the context of sustainable development goals at the Department of Foreign Languages, Faculty of Philology, Belarusian State Pedagogical University. The following forms of content, language, and values integrated learning are described: intellectual battle «National history, heritage, and culture of Belarus», Relay of opinions «Ecological problems of the Republic of Belarus», Workshop «Spread Awareness, Spread Support», «Earth Quiz» on Ecology, etc. A rationale for creating an interactive collage is proposed. The paper provides sample coursework and diploma paper topics, as well as competency-based tasks for final certification in the context of sustainable development goals. The described forms, methods and techniques can be used by faculty and staff of tertiary institutions to implement the educational potential of the discipline «Foreign Language» in the context of sustainable development goals.
Participación de la mujer en la economía familiar en la comunidad de Huinchupata, Perú 2024
Authors: Ramos López Juan , Sosa Bitulas Lucio Alberto , Esquivel Vila Edmundo , Carrera Oré Marcelino , Torrealva Cabrera Maria Elizabeth
Published: January 2025

Este capítulo analiza la participación económica de las mujeres en la comunidad campesina de Huinchupata, Perú, enfocándose en su rol en la economía familiar. El estudio emplea un enfoque cualitativo y fenomenológico para interpretar las experiencias de las mujeres mediante entrevistas y observación directa. Las mujeres de Huinchupata, en su mayoría, asumen múltiples roles que combinan actividades económicas como la agricultura, ganadería, comercio y artesanía con responsabilidades domésticas. A pesar de las barreras sociales y económicas, desarrollan habilidades de ahorro e inversión, fortaleciendo la estabilidad y bienestar familiar. Este trabajo destaca la evolución de su participación, que ahora incluye roles más activos y proactivos. La investigación también aborda las desigualdades de género que persisten en la comunidad, y cómo estas mujeres enfrentan desafíos relacionados con el acceso a recursos y mercados. Además, subraya la importancia de su contribución en la provisión de la canasta básica, el ahorro para emergencias y el impulso de emprendimientos locales. Este análisis busca visibilizar el impacto de las mujeres como agentes clave para el desarrollo socioeconómico de la comunidad.
Kualitas Tidur dan Aktivitas Fisik Berkontribusi dengan Tekanan Darah pada Lansia Hipertensi di Dusun Ngepos, Kecamatan Srumbung
Authors: Ariyani Genduk Ita , Erjinyuare Amigo Thomas Aquino , Lidya Herlin
Published: January 2025

This study aims to evaluate the relationship between sleep quality and physical activity patterns with blood pressure in elderly hypertensive patients in Ngepos Hamlet. Hypertension is one of the global targets for reducing the prevalence of non-communicable diseases, with the aim of reducing the incidence by 33% between 2010 and 2030. Sleep quality is measured based on quantitative and qualitative aspects, while physical activity is assessed from the intensity of body movements that require energy. The results showed that most elderly hypertensive patients in Ngepos Hamlet had poor sleep quality (98.1%), while only 1.9% had good sleep quality. Most elderly people do heavy physical activity (66.7%), followed by moderate activity (31.4%), and light activity (2%). The gamma correlation test showed that there was no significant relationship between sleep quality and blood pressure (p = 0.306) and between physical activity patterns and blood pressure (p = 0.291) in elderly hypertensive patients. Therefore, it is recommended that elderly people routinely check their blood pressure, participate in integrated health post-activities, maintain sleep quality, and do physical activity according to their abilities.
Hubungan Lama Menjalani Hemodialisa Dengan Tingkat Depresi Pasien Gagal Ginjal Kronik (GGK) di Ruang Hemodialisa Rumah Sakit Panti Rapih Yogyakarta
Authors: Prabawati  , Tatik Pujiastuti Theresia , Kristanti Fittriya
Published: January 2025

Latar belakang: Gagal Ginjal Kronik (GGK) memberikan dampak perubahan berbagai aspek kehidupan bagi pasien yang sedang menjalani hemodialisa yaitu depresi. Depresi yang merupakan reaksi psikologis berupa gangguan suasana hati karena menghadapi penyakit yang dialami oleh pasien Gagal Ginjal Kronik (GGK) yang sedang menjalani hemodialisa.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan lama menjalani hemodialisa dengan tingkat depresi pasien Gagal Ginjal Kronik (GGK).
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif, dengan metode deskriptif korelasional. Proses pengambilan sampel dengan cross sectional dan teknik sampling yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah sampling insidental. Sampel penelitian ini 99 responden. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah BDI-II.
Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagaian besar pasien menjalani hemodialisa >3 tahun (45,5%) dan sebagian besar tidak mengalami depresi (50,5%). Selanjutnya berdasarkan uji korelasi Gamma didapatkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan secara statistik lama menjalani hemodialisa dengan tingkat depresi pasien Gagal Ginjal Kronik (GGK) di Ruang Hemodialisa Rumah Sakit Panti Rapih Yogyakarta dengan p-value 0,076 (p value >0,05).
Kesimpulan: Penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa lama hemodialisa tidak berperan dalam fenomena depresi pada pasien yang menjalani hemodislisis. Semakin lama pasien menjalani hemodialisa maka tingkat depresi akan menurun karena pasien sudah menerima keadaannya. Meskipun tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan, namun kondisi depresi meskipun ringan tetap dialami oleh pasien hemodialisa. Maka tenaga kesehatan di ruang hemodialisa tetap harus mendampingi pasien agar mampu beradaptasi dengan proses terapi yang dijalani.
Kata kunci: Hemodialisa, Depresi, Gagal Ginjal Kronik
Mineral alchemy in dermatology: the use of zinc in cosmetics and in the treatment of dermatological diseases
Authors: ONOFREI Ilinca , OCHIUZ Lăcrămioara , BUJOR Alexandra , LUNGU Ionuţ-Iulian , ŞTEFANACHE Alina
Published: January 2025

The cosmetic industry is not a recent phenomenon, but a long-standing practice dating back hundreds of years. Both women and men used cosmetics not only to enhance physical appearance, but also to convey social and cultural meanings. Many of the products used were based on copper minerals, copper oxide, charcoal obtained by burning almonds, ash, powders and other chemical elements such as arsenic, characterized by a particular toxicity. Due to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-pigmentation and antibacterial properties, minerals are frequently integrated into cosmetic product formulations. They play a crucial role in addressing and treating various dermatological conditions, providing therapeutic benefits and helping to improve the health of the skin and other aspects of the body. The daily intake of minerals is necessary for the harmonious and continuous basic functioning of the human body. These minerals are divided into two important categories: macroelements (calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium etc) and trace elements (iron, copper, selenium, cobalt, zinc etc). In the following paper, I have highlighted the benefits brought by Zinc and its compounds to the Cosmetic Industry. The trace element is frequently used in the composition of cosmetics, as well as in the treatment of dermatological conditions.
Nanocrystals – importance and uses
Authors: POPESCU Gabriela Adriana
Published: January 2025

A nanocrystal (or quantum dot, quantum dot or qdot) is a semiconductor crystal with a diameter of several nanometers. Because of its small size, this structure behaves like a potential well that holds electrons in three dimensions, in a region of a width comparable to the wavelength of electrons (on the order of a few nanometers in a semiconductor). Nanocrystals are comparable to quantum wires (in 2 dimensions) and one-dimensional quantum wells. Thanks to confinement, the nanocrystal's electrons have discrete and quantized energy levels similar to those of an atom. For this reason, nanocrystals are also called "artificial atoms". Energy levels can be controlled by changing the size or shape of the nanocrystal.
Self-purification capacity of surface water in accordance with classe of quality
Authors: SANDU Maria , TARIŢĂ Anatolie , MOŞANU Elena
Published: January 2025

According to the self-purification capacity of surface waters, calculated based on BOD5 and COD-Cr values from Government Decision no. 890 of 12.11.2013, the water corresponding to the I (very good) and II (good) quality classes is with medium self-purification, class III (moderately polluted) - with low self-purification and classes IV (polluted) and V (highly polluted) - with impossible self-purification, toxic substances are present. It is necessary to select land for agricultural, economic activity, constructions in compliance with the requirements regarding the protection zones and to ensure the efficiency of waste water treatment technologies in accordance with the normative conditions for discharge of waste water into water bodies.
Students' use of 21st century specific ecological competences in research
Authors: SAVIN Irina-Isabella
Published: January 2025

Teaching - learning must be seen as a modern way of achieving education, as an activator of students, by stimulating creativity that contributes to the instructive - educational process, as well as to training as a person.The project aims to familiarize and make students aware of the problems that lead to environmental pollution and destruction, presenting ways of forming an attitude, behavior and appreciation of possible human interventions in nature, using the new technologies adapted to the level of pre-university education.