bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Plädoyer für die Freiheit der
Wissenschaft
Authors: Best Norman
Published: December 2022

Nicht erst seit der Coronapandemie werden häufiger Rufe nach Erhalt der
Wissenschaftsfreiheit laut. Ich bin ein großer Befürworter dieses
Grundgedankens. Aus meiner Sicht sind wesentliche Punkte unter diesem
Freiheitsbegriff zu subsumieren:
Organersatzverfahren: Update Lungenersatzverfahren
Authors: Reyher Christian , Muellenbach Ralf Michael , Lepper Philipp Moritz , Mutlak Haitham
Published: December 2022

Das akute Lungenversagen des Erwachsenen (ARDS) ist nach wie vor mit einer hohen Mortalität von ca. 40% belastet – eine große Herausforderung für die Intensivmedizin. Dieser Beitrag
erläutert, bei welchen Befundkonstellationen die Lungenersatzverfahren ECMO (extrakorporale Membranoxygenierung) und ECCO2R (extrakorporale CO2-Elimination) als
Rescue-Therapie zum Einsatz kommen können und worauf dabei zu achten ist.
On the role of geometry in statistical mechanics and thermodynamics. II. Thermodynamic perspective
Authors: Esen Oğul , Grmela Miroslav , Pavelka Michal
Published: December 2022

The General Equation for Non-Equilibrium Reversible–Irreversible Coupling (GENERIC) provides the structure of mesoscopic multiscale dynamics that guarantees the emergence of equilibrium states. Similarly, a lift of the GENERIC structure to iterated cotangent bundles, called a rate GENERIC, guarantees the emergence of the vector fields that generate the approach to equilibrium. Moreover, the rate GENERIC structure also extends Onsager’s variational principle. The maximum entropy principle in the GENERIC structure becomes the Onsager variational principle in the rate GENERIC structure. In the absence of external forces, the rate entropy is a potential that is closely related to the entropy production. In the presence of external forces when the entropy does not exist, the rate entropy still exists. While the entropy at the conclusion of the GENERIC time evolution gives rise to equilibrium thermodynamics, the rate entropy at the conclusion of the rate GENERIC time evolution gives rise to rate thermodynamics. Both GENERIC and rate GENERIC structures are put into the geometrical framework in the first paper of this series. The rate GENERIC is also shown to be related to Grad’s hierarchy analysis of reductions of the Boltzmann equation. Chemical kinetics and kinetic theory provide illustrative examples. We introduce rate GENERIC extensions (and thus also Onsager-variational-principle formulations) of both chemical kinetics and the Boltzmann kinetic theory.
Numerical simulation of a partially anisotropic electron distribution function in a pulsed discharge with a hollow cathode
Authors: Ashurbekov N. A. , Zakaryaeva M. Z. , Rabadanov K. M. , Iminov K. O. , Kurbangadzhieva M. B. , Kudryavtsev A. A.
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we propose a convenient method for calculating the electron energy distribution function (EEDF) in a gas-discharge plasma, where the presence of high-energy electrons results in the formation of a partial EEDF anisotropy. A detailed description of this method is provided. The performance of the proposed method is demonstrated to calculate the EEDF of plasma column of a high-voltage nanosecond discharge in argon with an extended hollow cathode. The applicability assessment of the proposed method calculating the EEDF in the plasma column of pulsed discharge sustained by the 50 Hz pulse and gas pressure from 5 to 40 Torr is given. It was shown that high-energy electrons were effectively formed in this type of discharge with an increase in the EEDF in the high-energy region. This technique can also be usefully employed for other types of discharges where fast electrons are formed.
On the structural, dielectric, piezoelectric, and energy storage behavior of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) thick film: Role of annealing temperature
Authors: Jaglan Nitin , Uniyal Poonam
Published: December 2022

The optimization of the processing condition of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) plays a pivotal role in determining the structural, dielectric, and energy storage behavior. The present work addresses the effect of annealing on the structural, dielectric, piezoelectric, and energy storage behavior of the PVDF thick film. X-ray diffractogram/Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy/RAMAN reveals the enhancement in the β crystalline phase of PVDF with annealing temperature which is highest for the film annealed at 110 °C. The film annealed at 110 °C exhibited the dielectric constant, dielectric loss, and piezoelectric coefficient as 14.02, 0.05 at 100 Hz and 24 pC/N, respectively. A systematic enhancement of 21% in dielectric constant, 46% in discharge energy density, and 87% in piezoelectric coefficient is reported for the PVDF film annealed at 110 °C as compared to the film annealed at 50 °C. The enhancement in dielectric and energy storage properties is attributed to the alignment of CH2–CF2 by virtue of molecular motion in the PVDF chain. This work suggests the adaptation of annealing for modifying the dielectric and energy storage behavior which is momentous for various electronic applications.
Theoretical modeling and experimental verification of graphene piezoresistive properties under uniaxial strain in nanoelectromechanical pressure sensors
Authors: Wang Junqiang , Lei Shuai , Su Ningning , Hou Wen , Li Mengwei , Zheng Shiyu , Zhang Haikun , Lv Xiaolin
Published: December 2022

Piezoresistive effect is crucial in a pressure sensor design. Therefore, a theoretical model that can accurately predict the gauge factor (GF) of graphene pressure sensors should be designed. In this study, the function relationship between the relative change in resistance and the strain was established using the Fermi velocity as the intermediate variable. A theoretical model that can be used for various substrates was established after considering the anisotropic properties of graphene and the principle of action of pressure sensors. Tests on the graphene pressure sensor device fabricated using semiconductor technology revealed that the GF [GF = (ΔR/R)/ε] of the device was 1.14, which was within the theoretical prediction range (1.06–2.08). Furthermore, the reported Poisson's ratio values of various substrates were substituted into the calculation formula of the GF. The results revealed that the predicted value was highly consistent with the experimental test results. This result indicated that the theoretical model suitable for predicting the GF of graphene pressure sensors with various substrates is universal. This theory can provide theoretical guidance for the development of high-sensitivity graphene pressure sensors.
Non-Hermitian physics in magnetic systems
Authors: Hurst Hilary M. , Flebus Benedetta
Published: December 2022

Non-Hermitian Hamiltonians provide an alternative perspective on the dynamics of quantum and classical systems coupled non-conservatively to an environment. Once primarily an interest of mathematical physicists, the theory of non-Hermitian Hamiltonians has solidified and expanded to describe various physically observable phenomena in optical, photonic, and condensed matter systems. Self-consistent descriptions of quantum mechanics based on non-Hermitian Hamiltonians have been developed and continue to be refined. In particular, non-Hermitian frameworks to describe magnonic and hybrid magnonic systems have gained popularity and utility in recent years with new insights into the magnon topology, transport properties, and phase transitions coming into view. Magnonic systems are in many ways a natural platform in which to realize non-Hermitian physics because they are always coupled to a surrounding environment and exhibit lossy dynamics. In this Perspective, we review recent progress in non-Hermitian frameworks to describe magnonic and hybrid magnonic systems, such as cavity magnonic systems and magnon–qubit coupling schemes. We discuss progress in understanding the dynamics of inherently lossy magnetic systems as well as systems with gain induced by externally applied spin currents. We enumerate phenomena observed in both purely magnonic and hybrid magnonic systems which can be understood through the lens of non-Hermitian physics, such as PT and anti-PT-symmetry breaking, dynamical magnetic phase transitions, non-Hermitian skin effect, and the realization of exceptional points and surfaces. Finally, we comment on some open problems in the field and discuss areas for further exploration.
Dynamics of a collapsible tube with internal constriction
Authors: Kumar Kamlesh , Prabhakaran Deepu
Published: December 2022

The deformation and oscillation dynamics of a thin-walled collapsible tube carrying internal flow with and without internal constriction is studied experimentally and theoretically for a constant chamber pressure. The internal constriction of different blockage ratios is employed by attaching spherical balls of different diameters to the inner wall of the tube. The effect of the axial location of the constriction is also studied. Without any internal constriction, the tube response is observed to be steady collapsed, periodic/aperiodic oscillatory or steady distended, depending on the Reynolds number. With constriction of low blockage ratios near the inlet of the collapsible tube, the system exhibits oscillatory response; however, no aperiodic oscillations are found. With bigger constrictions, the oscillations are completely suppressed. The viscous pressure drop due to the constriction is responsible for this behavior. When the constriction is present at the middle of the tube, the downstream half of the tube is under high tension, leading to the excitation of first and second radial vibrational modes of the tube (which are different from the milking-mode oscillations), depending upon the Reynolds number and blockage ratio. The results from a lumped parameter-based theoretical model are able to capture most of the qualitative features of the tube response such as the shift of the Hopf bifurcation point and the shrinkage of the oscillatory regime.
Development of nonlocal kinetic-energy density functional for the hybrid QM/MM interaction
Authors: Takahashi Hideaki
Published: December 2022

Development of the electronic kinetic-energy density functional is a subject of major interest in theoretical physics and chemistry. In this work, the nonlocal kinetic-energy functional is developed in terms of the response function for the molecular system to realize the orbital free density-functional theory (OF-DFT) to be utilized in the hybrid QM/MM (quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical) method. The present approach shows a clear contrast to the previous functionals where the homogeneous electron gas serves as a reference to build the response function. As a benchmark test, we apply the method to a QM water molecule in a dimer system and that embedded in a condensed environment to make comparisons with the results given by the QM/MM calculations employing the Kohn–Sham DFT. It was found that the energetics and the polarization density of the QM solute under the influence of the MM environment can be adequately reproduced with our approach. This work suggests the potential ability of the kinetic-energy functional based on the response functions for the molecular reference systems.
Compositional dependence of anisotropic magnetoresistance effects in Weyl semimetal Co2MnAl Heusler alloy epitaxial thin films
Authors: Sato T. , Kokado S. , Shinya H. , Tsujikawa M. , Miura A. , Kosaka S. , Ogawa T. , Shirai M. , Tsunoda M.
Published: December 2022

Anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) effect on a Weyl semimetal Co2MnAl Heusler alloy was experimentally and theoretically investigated by changing the Co content, the direction of electric current against the crystal axis, and the measurement temperature. The experimentally fabricated Co2MnAl thin films epitaxially grown on a MgO single-crystal substrate showed the positive AMR ratios independent of the Co content, the direction of electric current, and the measurement temperature. The AMR ratios for the direction of electric current along Co2MnAl[100] were larger than those along Co2MnAl[110]. The maximum AMR ratios for Co2MnAl[100] were 0.576% at 5 K and 0.349% at 300 K for a Co content of 47 at. %, which is close to the stoichiometric composition. Furthermore, the theoretical calculations of AMR ratios based on the s-d scattering process of the electrons at the Fermi energy, including the information on the density of states (DOS) obtained from first-principles calculations, exhibited trends similar to the experimental results. Compared with the AMR results of Co2MnGa[110], we found that the magnitude relation between the partial DOS of the ε and γ orbitals of the d state of Co atoms determined the sign of the AMR ratios. These results suggest that the AMR effect of Weyl semimetal Co2MnAl can be elucidated by the s-d scattering process of the electrons.
Diverse effects of gases on surface flashover in a wide pressure range from atmospheric to near vacuum pressure
Authors: Zeng Jiakai , Liu Xia , Li Zhuofan , Zhang Yan , Yang Liuqing , Liu Wenfeng , Chi Xiaohong , Cheng Lu
Published: December 2022

Investigations into surface flashover characteristics and underlying mechanisms in the range from atmospheric to near vacuum pressure are significant for developing high-power equipment based on the application of gases used for flashover prevention. In this work, polyetherimide (PEI) films with controllable outgassing properties were prepared. Then, the gas-related factors, namely, gas pressure, the type of gases, and outgassing were clarified by investigating the DC surface flashover of films in a wide pressure range (10−4–105 Pa) in different gas atmospheres. In all conditions, the variation of flashover voltage was found to be divided into three regions with pressure increasing, while its deeper reason is that the number density of molecules of the gas layer is affected by outgassing and ambient gas pressure, which affects the collision of electrons. In region I, the surface flashover voltage is closely related to outgassing and shows the highest value. In region II, the surface flashover is jointly affected by outgassing and ambient gas, along with a rapid decrease of flashover voltage with increasing pressure. In region III, the surface flashover is dominated by ambient gas, and the surface flashover voltage shows a U-shaped curve with increasing pressure. Transition points of the three regions shift significantly with the change of outgassing properties. In region I, the desorption of adsorbed gas has little effect on the surface flashover voltage, while the escape of dissolved gas dominates. Finally, a model of the diverse effects of gases on surface flashover in a wide pressure range was established.
Case report of a man with HIV presenting with malignant syphilis
Authors: Kim Myong Gyu , Kamath Vasanth , Martinello Marianne , Overton Kristen
Published: December 2022

Background Malignant syphilis is a rare manifestation of secondary syphilis and is commonly associated with human immunodeficiency virus coinfection. It can present with multiorgan involvement, which poses a diagnostic dilemma to clinicians. Methods We report a case of a middle aged male who presented with near complete vision loss in his right eye with initial concern for fungal endophthalmitis due to his injecting drug use history. He concurrently had right cheek and forearm ulcerative plaques. Results He was diagnosed with disseminated syphilis following the punch biopsy of his right cheek, with positive Treponema pallidum result on polymerase chain reaction and identification of spirochaetes on immunostaining from histopathology. Conclusions We present the epidemiology of syphilis in Australia and highlight the importance of testing for common sexually transmitted diseases within the emergence of the monkeypox outbreak.
Cost-effectiveness of volunteer and contract ground-based shooting of sambar deer in Australia
Authors: Comte Sebastien , Thomas Elaine , Bengsen Andrew J. , Bennett Ami , Davis Naomi E. , Brown Daniel , Forsyth David M.
Published: December 2022

Context Introduced sambar deer (Cervus unicolor) are increasing in south-eastern Australia, and both volunteer and contract ground-based shooters are being used by management agencies to control their undesirable impacts. However, little is known about the effectiveness and costs of volunteer and contract shooters for controlling deer populations in Australia. Aims We evaluated the effectiveness and costs of volunteer and contract ground-based shooters for controlling sambar deer and their impacts in a 5-year management program conducted in and around alpine peatlands in Alpine National Park, Victoria. Methods Ground-based shooting operations were organised in two blocks. Within each block, four ~4200-ha management units were delimited, of which two were randomly assigned as treatment (ground-based shooting) and two as non-treatment (no organised ground-based shooting). In the treatment units, ground-based shooting was conducted using either volunteers or contractors. Each shooting team recorded their effort and the numbers of deer seen and shot, and used a GPS to record their track log and the time and locations of deer shot. Key costs were recorded for both shooter types. Key results The catch per unit effort of contract shooters was four times greater than that of volunteer shooters. Both shooter types were most effective during the first half of the night and prior to sunrise, and when using a vehicle with a spotlight or walking with thermal-vision equipment. During the day, the use of gundogs to indicate deer significantly increased the success rate of volunteer shooters. Both volunteer and contract shooters used roads and tracks to move in the landscape, but contractors covered more ground than did volunteers. After accounting for key operational costs, the cost per deer killed was 10.1% higher for contract than volunteer shooters. Conclusions The effectiveness of ground-based shooters is increased by operating at night using vehicles, spotlights and thermal-vision equipment. Contract shooters kill sambar deer at a faster rate, but are slightly more expensive per deer killed, than are volunteer shooters. Implications Ground-based shooting is likely to be most effective when conducted at night with thermal-vision equipment, and in areas with a high density of roads and tracks.
Physical Health and Activity of Inpatients under Forensic Mental Health Care: A Cross-Sectional Survey and Audit of Patients in a High Secure Setting in Queensland, Australia
Authors: Moss Katherine , Meurk Carla , Steele Megan L. , Heffernan Ed
Published: December 2022

Obesity and metabolic syndrome are disproportionately prevalent among people with mental disorders, particularly those subject to long periods of inpatient care where sedentary lifestyle and medication side effects can be compounding problems. This study reports on a cross-sectional survey of 28 patients under forensic mental health care in a high secure inpatient service in Queensland, Australia. The study comprises a file review, structured questionnaire and an interview, to evaluate the physical health and activity, as well as possible causes of low physical activity of these patients. Rates of overweight (50.0%), obesity (46.6%), and metabolic syndrome (39.3%) were very high within the study population. Mean waist circumference measurements were also high for both females (110.8 cm) and males (109.0 cm). Around one half of the study population (46.4%) did not meet the World Health Organization’s recommended levels of physical activity. Self-reported low levels of physical activity were significantly associated with the presence of comorbid medical illness ( p = 0.007). Further research investigating the factors contributing to poor physical health and low activity levels within this population will support attempts to understand and address the physical health needs of this population.
Fe1+yTexSe1-x: a delicate and tunable Majorana material
Authors: Yang Fazhi , Phan Giao Ngoc , Zhang Renjie , Zhao Jin , Li Jiajun , Lu Zouyouwei , Schneeloch John , Zhong Ruidan , Ma Mingwei , Gu Genda , Dong Xiaoli , Qian Tian , Ding Hong
Published: December 2022

We report the observation for the pz electron band and the band inversion in Fe1+yTexSe1-x with angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. Furthermore, we found that excess Fe (y>0) inhibits the topological band inversion in Fe1+yTexSe1-x, which explains the absence of Majorana zero modes in previous reports for Fe1+yTexSe1-x with excess Fe. Basing on our analysis of different amounts of Te doping and excess Fe, we propose a delicate topological phase in this material. Thanks to this delicate phase, one may able to tune the topological transition via applying lattice strain or carrier doping.
Risk Management in the Development of a Regional Drinking Water Supply System
Authors: Kamaludin Tutang Muhtar , Rusdin Andi , Nirmalawati  , Fadjar Adnan , Wahab A
Published: December 2022

Clean water services are a vital need that must be provided to support the dynamics of regional growth. Infrastructure development, such as the provision of drinking water, is considered as one of the policy instruments for economic development, marked by the development of industries, settlements, regional expansion and the increasing need for drinking water. The checklist technique was used by researchers to obtain information from respondents about the application or implementation of risk management. The objective of this research is to identify risk management in the development of the Pasigala Regional Drinking Water Supply System (SPAM), Central Sulawesi Province. This type of research is a case study. This checklist consists of three parts, each of which is used to obtain data on risk identification, risk analysis, and risk treatment. From the analysis, 6 risks fall into the high category, these risks are that the quality of drinking water is not as expected, the Water Treatment Plant (WTP) has never functioned according to the planned capacity, the raw water transmission pipe is not in accordance with the minimum standard / technical specifications, the design raw water production units that have not been able to overcome turbidity due to sedimentation, natural disasters in the location area, and damage to the ecosystem around water sources.
Experimental study of harvest solar energy based on thermoelectric generator with configuration variations
Authors: Rahman YA , Amin N , Pirade Y S , Ainun A D
Published: December 2022

The background of this research is to optimize the use of heat from solar energy as energy harvesting based on a thermoelectric generator (TEG). One of the factors that affect the TEG output is the TEG configuration and the resulting temperature difference. The external temperature captured by the TEG side and the cooling system causes a significant temperature difference. This study uses a TEG trainer module consisting of eight TEGs and a double heatsink that functions for the cooling side and heat capture from the sun. Experiments show that the combination of eight TEG modules in series provides a maximum output significantly compared to single TEG and parallel modules at the same time with a temperature difference of 12.870C.
Examining the Intersection Performance of the Post-Disaster Permanent Housing Assistance Impact: A Study of the Trip Generation/Attraction in Palu City
Authors: Bahar T , Tahir A , Mashuri  , Isratun
Published: December 2022

The government provides housing assistance for victims of the disaster that hit Palu City in Central Sulawesi Province. Most of the housing assistance is in Tondo Village, which is referred to as Tondo’s permanent housing (Huntap Tondo). Currently, the TPH has become a source of traffic movement, especially for the Tondo ring road intersection - Street Untad 1. Thus, this study aims to examine the impact of the Tondo permanent residential trip generation/attraction on performing the intersection. The method of this research is to calculate the trip generation/attraction that occurs because of the existence of the Tondo’s permanent housing and calculate the performance of the Tondo ring road intersection - Street Untad 1 using the Indonesian Highway Capacity Manual (MKJI) in 1997. This study reveals the value of the trip generation/attraction rate that occurs in the the Tondo’s permanent housing is 0.175 pcu/unit with a total trip generation/attraction of 549 pcu/hr. Meanwhile, performing the ring road intersection Tondo - street Untad 1 decreased the value of saturation by 0.45 to 0.64, and the delay value of 8.63 seconds/pcu to 10.52 seconds/pcu.
Implementation of the souraja house façade on the composition of the government building façade in Palu city
Authors: Malik S M , Salenda H , Winarta A , Muhamad D R
Published: December 2022

As the capital city of Central Sulawesi Province, Palu has built various public buildings, especially buildings belonging to the local government, which are provided to serve the population’s needs. However, when examined more deeply, it can be seen that several government-owned public buildings were designed not to pay attention to the environmental conditions in which the building was erected both socially, culturally and the composition of the building’s constituents. One of them is the facade or the front of the building. The Souraja house, a traditional house of the Kaili tribe, which currently exists in Palu City, should become a reference for the shape of public buildings, both in overall form and only in the form of the facade composition. This study uses a rationalistic approach, which sees the truth from empirical conditions and arguments as a part of thinking construction. The rationalistic research design departs from the theoretical framework (Grand Theory). The source of the Grand theory raised in this study comes from the Souraja House building, which is the work of the traditional house of the Kaili tribe, which currently still exists in Palu City. The results of this study indicate that the three parameters of the components that make up the facade of the Souraja Traditional house, which are used in analyzing and discussing the beginning of government buildings in Palu City, are not 100% implemented, namely on the raised floor but no longer in the form of a stilt building. While the two parameters of the composition of the facade of the Souraja Traditional house used in analyzing and discussing the face of government buildings in Palu City are 100% implemented.
Kinship in the Establishment of Settlements for Remote Indigenous Peoples in Central Sulawesi
Authors: Mulyati A , Zaenal Z
Published: December 2022

The existence and implementation of living space pattern characterize settlements and is a specific model of living space. The management of living spaces is essential to the existence of culture and local wisdom. The study uses a naturalistic qualitative approach to find the concept of establishing settlements for disadvantaged indigenous communities. Residential homes form a linear line along the neighborhood road. Residential houses still use simple building materials, namely boards and bricks, like walls and zinc as roofs. Kinship is reflected, among others, in the relationship between residences in the form of open spaces, unlimited courtyards, functioning as play areas, or other interactive activities. This space equips with bale-bale or trees as protection. Other remaining slots use to raise livestock, toilets, laundry rooms, and food stalls. The displacement of settlements from the top of the mountains caused the fields as the primary source of livelihood to remain in their original places, equipped with their garden houses. The new residential environment has several facilities such as village offices, mosques, schools, and general facilities building. Deliberation, consensus, kinship, and cooperation remain the principles of settler life, reflected in the formation of unlimited space and carrying out various daily life activities.
Sustainable marine ecotourism in the togean islands during the covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Hadi S , Thahir H , Hidayah N , Abdullah M I , Karim F , Rombe E , Mendi R I
Published: December 2022

Tourism is a strategic sector for Indonesia in obtaining foreign exchange. To maintain the sustainability of the tourism sector, sustainable tourism operations both now and in the future are sought to operate in a natural capacity for regeneration and productivity of natural resources in the future. This paper is a literature review by collecting information and conducting a narrative review related to the research topic. Several recommendations can be formulated from this paper regarding the sustainability of ecotourism in the Togean Islands. This study proposes several concepts that can be used as references for further research with a research approach that can produce generalizations.
Entrepreneurial resilience in the hospitality industry during the outbreak covid-19: a case study of the Togean Islands-Tojo Una-Una
Authors: Murad A , Farid  , Nirwan  , Nainggolan E , Nurisky  , Hadi S
Published: December 2022

Several countries are experiencing economic instability due to the crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, not least Indonesia. This research aims to identify priority aspects that affect the resilience of entrepreneurship in the tourism sector. This research was conducted in the Togean Islands of Tojo Una-Una Regency by interviewing several stakeholders as many as 30 people consisting of business actors. The analysis method used in this study is the analytical hierarchy process (AHP). The results in this study showed that social justice criteria were very prominently chosen by respondents compared to other criteria. This shows the social sensitivity possessed by entrepreneurs during the Covid 19 pandemic. This research requires justification in future research to be used as a generalization in terms of entrepreneurial resilience theory in the face of pandemic risk as it is today.
Determination of the total resistance of the ploughshare when the blade is blunted
Authors: Nuriev K K , Nuriev M K , Rakhmatov O , Korabekova Sh , Bakhronova M A
Published: December 2022

The article notes that when plowing, the traction resistance of a ploughshare with an occipital chamfer increases in proportion to the volume of compacted soil. When working, the traction resistance of the ploughshare with the occipital chamfer increases in proportion to the volume of the compacted soil. It was revealed that with an increase in the angle of the occipital chamfer of 5 to 40 degrees, the traction resistance increases 11.3 times, Whereas with an increase in the width of the occipital chamfer from 0.5 mm to 4 mm, the traction resistance increases 60...64 times. For the longest operation of the ploughshare, it is necessary to develop such a technical solution for the ploughshare, during the operation of which an occipital chamfer with the largest dimensions, that is, with a minimum area, was formed from the back side. Then the pushing force of the ploughshare from the soil will have a minimum value, which will ensure the operation of the plough for the most maximum time without violating agrotechnical requirements for the depth of processing.
Methane migration, sea ice melting and spatial distribution of chlorophyll-a in the Barents Sea
Authors: Bulavina A S , Vodopianova V V , Zakharenko V S , Makarevich P R
Published: December 2022

The paper considers the theoretical and practical aspects of the relationship between the processes of sea ice melting and methane migration, and their influence on the distribution of chlorophyll-aconcentration as an indicator of productivity and the level of quantitative development of the phytoplankton community at the spring stage of the succession cycle. In the spring of 2018 and 2019 the thermohaline characteristics of waters and the content of chlorophyll-ain the Barents Sea were studied. The area of work covered both areas with the most probable release of methane from near-bottom gas hydrates, as well as background areas, where the presence of methane hydrates is unlikely. In 2018, the phytoplankton community of the study area was in the spring flowering stage. In the area of the most probable influence of methane, the average concentrations of chlorophyll-awere approximately 2 times higher than in the background area. High concentrations of the pigment were associated with the thawed layer, which may indicate the release of methane from the ice. In 2019, low concentrations of chlorophyll-ain the edge zone excluded the stage of spring flowering of the phytoplankton community, which did not allow us to trace the possible effect of the release of methane hydrates on the concentration of chlorophyll-a.
Analysis of quality of «Puma» soybean seeds by luminescent and spectroscopic methods
Authors: Bugaets O N , Bugaets I A , Kaygorodova E A , Bugaets N A , Gerasimenko E O , Butina E A
Published: December 2022

The seed shell of soybeans performs a protective function and participates in the vital processes of the seed. Soybean seeds are characterized by a unique chemical composition. The priority direction in the development of technologies for the production of foodstuffs from soybeans is the control of the quality indicators of their seeds shells. The use of a spectrofluorimeter and an IR-Fourier spectrometer allows you to study the coating material of soybean quickly and without destruction. For the purposes of comparative spectral characterization, studies were carried out on the soybean seed envelope of the untreated and treated modifier mixture. Main characteristics of luminescence excitation spectrum are determined including recording wavelength, excitation spectrum region, excitation wavelength intensity. Parameters glow attenuation are revealed by spectral-kinetic studies of phosphorescence of soybean seeds shell. IR spectroscopic analysis of milled and whole soybean seeds, as well as modifiers, allows us to interpret groupings that have characteristic oscillation frequencies. The main spectral characteristics of the soybean seed shell are determined, including wave numbers, incident radiation wavelength, transmission, and oscillation character. Modifiers adsorbed on surface of soybean seed shell are identified. The type of adsorption of the modifier shell is defined.
Climatic features of the use of special elastomers with high heat resistance in agricultural machinery
Authors: Golikov V A
Published: December 2022

In agriculture and the production of agricultural machinery there is a great demand for materials with high resistance to temperature effects. A special place is occupied by seals, because the characteristics of power units, their reliability, and the possibility of using them in certain conditions largely depend on their quality. The heat resistance of elastomers used as sealants in agricultural machinery is the ability to maintain performance to ensure sealing of joints when exposed to high temperatures for a long time. Heating initiates accelerated thermal aging, which causes a few polymer-destroying processes, while the most important material indicators, such as elasticity, strength, wear resistance, etc., change for the worse. The possibility of operating rubber seals at elevated temperatures is mainly determined by the composition and structure of the polymer.
Determination of the outlet diameter of the spray tip of the universal sprayer
Authors: Akhmetov A A , Kambarova D U , Yuldashev A I , Botirov R M , Tulaganov B Q
Published: December 2022

To eliminate the shortcomings of serial fan sprayers, the JV “Agrikhim” developed a universal sprayer that treats crops based on controlled airborne flows introduced simultaneously within ± 90 0 from the sprayer’s symmetry axis (a total of 180 0) around the entire perimeter of the treatment area the entire width of the machine. The obtained dependences and the nomogram built on their basis allow setting the required rate of application of the working solution at a given speed and diameter of the spray tip of the sprayer by adjusting the pressure when the working solution enters the spray tip.
Study of the influence of a new improved separator design of the natural properties of cotton
Authors: Khodzhiev M T , Kh Rakhimov A
Published: December 2022

The article is about the materials of theoretical studies of the installation of a guide cap, as well as a new mesh design in the process of separating cotton from the conveying air. The issues of the influence of these designs on the natural properties of raw cotton are also studied.
Analysis of the process of cutting the stem with a knife of a disk chopping apparatus
Authors: Jumatov Y
Published: December 2022

The paper presents the results of the analysis of the process of cutting the stem with a disk-shaped knife, taking into account the physical and mechanical properties of stalk feed. The shell of corn stalks grown in the hot climate of our country is thicker and harder, and its coefficient of friction is somewhat lower. The smaller the angle of friction, the more difficult it is to clamp such a rigid piece of rod between the active and fixed blades. To avoid this condition, the stem must be pinched and sheared between the active blade and the passive blade. On the basis of kinematic studies, the conditions for ensuring the sliding of the rod along the blade of the grinding knife are determined in the work. Based on the physical and mechanical properties of corn stalks, the conditions for ensuring the sliding movement of the stalk along the chopper knife blade are considered.
Comparative analysis of the quality of beef obtained from crossbred steers of beef breeds for the livestock industry development
Authors: Nikolaev D V , Mosolova D A , Grishin V S , Kaidulina A A , Karpenko E V , Fedotova G V
Published: December 2022

The scientific article presents the results of the scientific experiment on the study of qualitative indicators of beef obtained from crossbreeding of beef cattle breeds in the conditions of Volgograd agricultural enterprise JSC “Berdievsky elevator”. Obtained crossbred steers at the age of 9 months were divided into 4 groups: I experimental - ½ of a cross (Hereford х Russian Komolaya), II experimental - ½ of a cross (Kazakh Whitehead х Kalmykian), III experimental - ½ of a cross (Kalmykian x Aberdin-Angusian) and IV experimental - ½ of a cross (Aberdin-Angusian x Simmentalian). Formed groups of animals were put on fattening until 16 months of age. Growth dynamics of steers, morphological composition of blood and carcasses, qualitative characteristics of beef were evaluated.
Development of a model of a universal technological platform for digitalization in the agro-food complex
Authors: Sazonov A A , Sazonova M V
Published: December 2022

Determining the specific features of the work of the agricultural production system is impossible without conducting research on the prospects for digital transformations in the field of agriculture, substantiating the necessary factors initiating the processes of its widespread digitalization, assessing the degree of readiness of economic entities working in the agricultural sector for a comprehensive update of their technical and technological base, and system mechanisms responsible for the organization of intersubjective relations. The purpose of the study conducted in the article is to develop conceptual and theoretical provisions aimed at creating the necessary conditions conducive to the implementation of competent and effective digital transformations in the field of agriculture including the assessment and analysis of subsequent prospects from the digitalization of this area. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research conducted in the article was the scientific work of scientists in the field of informatization or digitalization of agriculture, the use of digital mechanisms for organizing the management of the agricultural sector, normative and legislative acts regulating the mechanisms of interaction between individual subjects of the digital economy. The authors have identified key groups of factors that determine the key features of launching processes in the field of digital transformations in the field of agriculture. A comprehensive model for organizing platformdigital solutions for digitalization in the agro-food complex is proposed. The model describes the work of groups of subjects, their goals and objectives, functions within the digital ecosystem being created taking into account a wide range of end-to-end tools offered by Industry 4.0
Duration of the growing season of spring wheat varieties of different ripeness groups depending on the sowing time in the conditions of the Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe
Authors: Butkovskaya L K , Mudrova V E , Lipshin A G , Surina E A
Published: December 2022

Wheat varieties were used as objects of research: Novosibirskaya 29, Uyarochka - mid-early, Krasnoyarskaya 12, Kuraginskaya 2 - mid-ripening, Svirel - mid-late. Sowing dates are May 17 and May 25. The duration of the growing season of spring wheat varieties was determined to a greater extent by the number of days of the germination-earing phase. At different sowing dates, the mid-early varieties Uyarochka and Novosibirskaya 29 formed the same duration of germination-heading periods (52-54 days); in the varieties Kuraginskaya 2 and Krasnoyarskaya 12, this period decreased by two days at the late sowing time, and significantly reduced in the variety Svirel (by 6 days). In general, the duration of the growing season with a late sowing period decreased by 2-6 days, while the growing season of mid-ripening and mid- late varieties is longer than medium-early ones by 8-14 days. Mid-early varieties Novosibirskaya 29 and Uyarochka formed a yield of 3.02-3.32 t/ha, regardless of the sowing date. Varieties of spring wheat of the middle and middle late types Kuraginskaya 2, Krasnoyarskaya 12, Svirel significantly increased yields at the optimal sowing time: by 0.31 t/ha, 0.32 t/ha and 0.53 t/ha, respectively. Mid-ripening and mid-late varieties exceeded early-ripening biotypes in terms of yield at both sowing dates, providing an increase of 1.3 to 1.5 t/ha. The recommended sowing time for wheat Svirel, Kuraginskaya, Krasnoyarskaya May 12 - 17, for mid-early varieties - Uyarochka, Novosibirskaya May 29 - 27.
Environmental aspects of improving the quality of raw materials in the food industry
Authors: Gorelkina A K , Timoshchuk I V , Neverov E N , Korotkiy I A , Kostyanov V A
Published: December 2022

The data on the dynamics of the deterioration of the state of water in the sources of water supply, which is the cause of contamination of water in the drinking water supply system, are presented. The substantiation of the importance of additional purification of water before entering the production cycle is given. The influence of pollutants present in water as a solvent on the composition of products obtained by the restoration of dry canned food (powdered milk, cream and whey) is shown. Studied such components of products as proteins, fats, lactose and some physical parameters. The main criteria for adsorption post-treatment are considered, which make it possible to recommend both the adsorption material and the parameters and modes of operation of the adsorption plant.
Study of the chemical composition of dried pumpkin
Authors: Samadov O B , Tukhtaev Sh K , Choriev A J , Shomirov B A , Jumaev B M
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to the study of the chemical composition of dried pumpkin. Proteins, carbohydrates and vitamins in the composition of dried seeds, pulp and peel of pumpkin varieties Shifo and Arabatskaya were studied by chromatographic analysis.
Studying the properties of monoingredients for stabilizing a complex whey dessert in the food industry
Authors: Serbova T V , Serova O P , Bozhkova S E , Durdyev A K , Knyazhechenko O A , Mosolova N I
Published: December 2022

In the modern world, both in the Russian Federation and abroad, the unresolved problem of complex and rational processing of low-fat dairy raw materials, in particular whey, is still acute, despite active research in this area. Another problem, no less important and relevant, is poor-quality nutrition of the planet’s population, which leads to an increase in the number of alimentary-dependent pathologies, in connection with which there is a need to enrich food products. A dessert with milk whey, which has an increased nutritional value due to the introduction of vegetable food flavoring components, is proposed for production and research. The product is designed for preventive nutrition, it is possible to consume in the presence of a common disease - diabetes, which is due to the presence of natural sugars and the introduction of stevia sweetener with lactulose. Studies have been carried out to determine organoleptic, physicochemical and rheological indicators.
System thinking in the analysis of the juice evaporation plant in the food industry
Authors: Artikov Askar , Narziev Mirzo , Musaeva Nigina
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to the system analysis of evaporation of solutions. The existing evaporation apparatus has been studied by dividing into quasi-apparatuses: the heating chamber, the wall of the boiling pipes of the heat-transmitting evaporation apparatus, the vapor-liquid space - the inner part of the boiling pipes of the evaporation apparatus. Studies of the evaporation object have a stable character with a change in the concentration of the outgoing solution.
Study of cellulose extraction and cavitation from plant raw materials
Authors: Usenov A B , Samandarov D I , Alimova D K , Saparov Dj E , Sultanov Sh A
Published: December 2022

In this paper cavitation in extraction is studied. It occurs as a result of a decrease in pressure in a fast-flowing fluid to a certain critical value (hydrodynamic cavitation) or as a result of the passage of acoustic waves in the fluid (acoustic cavitation). The gas and vapor bubbles in the liquid increase infinitely and turn into large “cavitation bubbles”. The bubbles are formed by the dissolution of a gas in a liquid and decrease and disappear when the pressure reaches the critical pressure area. As a result, a “cavitation zone” is formed near the body through which the fluid circulates. At the boundary of the zone, the bubbles decrease very rapidly and a hydraulic shock occurs. The combination of such shocks results in a rumbling sound that is always accompanied by cavitation
Disease incidence of fusarium wilt in organic garlic cultivation with compost plus Gliocladium on endemic land
Authors: Hadiwiyono  , Poromarto S H , Supyani  , Widono S , Septariani D N
Published: December 2022

Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cepae) is the most important soil-borne disease in garlic. This pathogen is a weak parasite so that it can be controlled through healthy plant cultivation approaches such as the use of organic compost fertilizer and soil microbes as biological control agents. Gliocladium sp. is an antagonist fungus that can be used as a soil borne disease control agent. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of compost plus Gliocladium to control garlic root rot in endemic land. The experiment was carried out in Tawangmangu Karanganyar at 1000 meters asl. The experiment consisted of 5 treatments arranged by completely randomized design with three replications. The main variables are disease incidence of fusarium wilt and control efficacy. The other variables observed were the fresh and dry weight of the biomass and the yield in the form of the weight of garlic bulbs per plant. Data processing carried out was analysis of variance and DMRT at 5% level. The results showed that compost plus Gliocladium produced higher effectiveness than compost alone or Gliocladium alone. The effectiveness of compost plus Gliocladium was more effective in suppressing fusarium wilt compared to farmers using fungicides and artificial chemical fertilizers.