bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LA ANTIGUA CONSTITUCIÓN Y LA CONSTITUCIÓN TRADICIONAL EN LA MONARQUÍA HISPANA DEL SIGLO XVIII
Authors: Agüero Alejandro
Published: April 2021

Resumen El debate reciente sobre la “antigua constitución” y su aplicación a la historia hispanoamericana está de alguna manera relacionado con la forma en que describimos las prácticas normativas de una sociedad pasada. En el caso de la Monarquía hispana, la pretensión de identificar un contenido normativo para la expresión “antigua constitución” se torna ilusoria cuando advertimos que, en los debates del siglo XVIII, las apelaciones a la historia eran utilizadas por actores con expectativas radicalmente divergentes, ya fueran reformistas o absolutistas. Incluso los redactores de la Constitución de 1812 creyeron necesario legitimar su creación apelando a las leyes fundamentales y la antigua constitución de la monarquía, algo que, como veremos, algunos denunciaron como una mera impostura. Ante este panorama, solo cabe colegir que expresiones como “antigua constitución” o “constitución histórica”, más que designar un objeto institucional pasado, cumplían una función retórica destinada a sostener la particular posición de quienes se valían de ellas. Afirmar esto, sin embargo, no implica negar las funciones que el orden jurídico tradicional desempañaba como limitador y legitimador de los actos de poder y en la solución de conflictos. En este trabajo, aprovechando la reciente historiografía y analizando diferentes testimonios de época, procuramos ofrecer una reconstrucción plausible de los elementos que podrían considerarse esenciales o definitorios de aquel orden antiguo, con relativa independencia del sentido retórico con el que se utilizaban las apelaciones al pasado o a una “antigua constitución”.
ESR1 IP for MS v1
Authors: Drown Bryon , KRG KRG Research Group Kelleher
Published: April 2021

Method of enriching ESR1 from MCF7 cells using the antibody RRID:AB_11002193
SARS-CoV2 genome sequencing protocol (1200bp amplicon "midnight" primer set, using Nanopore Rapid kit) v5
Authors: Freed Nikki , Silander Olin
Published: April 2021

To enable faster, easier sequencing of SARS-COV2 genomes with fewer steps than current methods, we use multiplexed 1200 base pair PCR amplicons with the Oxford Nanopore RAPID barcoding kit. UPDATE: The Rapid barcoding protocol is now (March 2021) available on the Oxford Nanopore website for 1-96 samples "PCR tiling of SARS-CoV-2 virus with rapid barcoding (SQK-RBK110.96)" https://community.nanoporetech.com/protocols/pcr-tiling-of-sars-cov-2-virus-with-rapid-barcoding-sqk-rbk110/v/PCTR_9125_v110_revA_24Mar2021 This is a modification of the ARTIC amplicon V3 sequencing protocol for MinION for nCoV-2019 developed by Josh Quick. The ARTIC method uses 400 base pair amplicons and the Oxford Nanopore Ligation barcoding kit (LSK-109). The protocol described here, dubbed the Midnight protocol, makes two important changes to the ARTIC V3 protocol: We have increased the size of the amplicon size to 1200bp. Using just 29 amplicons, the midnight primers anneal to only 4.5% of the viral genome compared to 17% or more of the genome, lowering the chance that viral mutations will cause dropouts due to primer mismatches. We use the RAPID barcode kit RBK004 (or, available as of March 2021 for 1-96 samples with the RBK110-96), which requires less time and fewer reagents than the ligation based LSK-109 protocol. The amplicons produced in this protocol can also be used for Illumina sequencing (i.e. using a transposon based shearing like Nextera or the Lotus kit https://sg.idtdna.com/pages/landing/coronavirus-research-reagents/ngs-assays#resources) The original publication that describes this protocol is here along with important considerations is here: https://academic.oup.com/biomethods/article/5/1/bpaa014/5873518?login=true Primers were all designed using Primal Scheme: http://primal.zibraproject.org/, described here https://www.nature.com/articles/nprot.2017.066. Primer sequences are here (and listed directly in the protocol) https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1M5I_C56ZC8_2Ycgm9EFieVlVNqxsP7dXAnGoBZy3nDo/edit?usp=sharing The primer scheme .bed and .tsv files necessary for the ARTIC variant calling pipeline are at Zenodo: https://zenodo.org/record/3897530#.Xv5EFpMzadY Version history: V5: Changed Reverse transcription part of the protocol to use the LunaScript™ RT SuperMix Kit in place of SSIV as it is easier, performs similarly, and is less expensive. The PCR step was changed to use the Q5®Hot Start High-Fidelity 2X Master Mix in place of the Q5 reagents individually, as this cuts down pipetting steps, performs similarly, and is similar in cost. V4: updated .bed and .tsv file link to point to Zenodo (and not google drive). V1-V3: included primers sequences in the protocol, fixed step 17.12 from elute in "molecular grade water or Elution buffer" to elute in "10 mM Tris-HCl pH 8.0 with 50 mM NaCl", as suggested on the Oxford Nanopore protocol, changed images from ARTIC protocol image to our own.
Malign Mezotelyoma ile Reaktif Mezotelyal Hiperplazi ayrımında, effüzyon materyallerinde GLUT-1, CD147 ve ProExC’nin tanısal değeri
Authors: BAĞLAN Tolga , ONARAL ERDOĞAN Nural
Published: April 2021

Amaç: Effüzyon materyallerinde malign mezotelyoma ile reaktif mezotelyal hiperplazisi ayırıcı tanısı önemli bir sorundur. Bu sorunun çözümü için immünhistokimyasal antikorlar yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, MM'yi RMH'den ayırt etmede GLUT-1, CD147 ve ProExC’nin tanısal değerini belirlemektir.

Gereç ve yöntemler: İmmünhistokimyasal çalışma, klinik ve histopatolojik korelasyonu olan 26 MM olgusu ile 26 RMH olgusuna ait hücre bloğu kesitlerinden yapıldı. Antikorlar; boyanma yüzdesi ve boyanma şiddetine göre semikantitatif olarak değerlendirildi. Herbir antikorun tek başına ve kombine tanısal performansları hesaplandı.

Bulgular: GLUT-1 ile 26 MM olgusunun 25’inde (%96.1), 26 RMH olgusunun ise 6’sında (%23) immünhistokimyasal ekspresyon izlendi. MM ve RMH olguları arasında GLUT-1 ile boyama yüzdesi ve yoğunluğu açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark vardı (p
In memory of Almaz K. Ormantaev (19.06.1959–13.12.2020)
Authors: Gorbachev Oleg S.
Published: April 2021

In respectful memory of the head of the department of pediatric surgery Ormantayev Almaz Kamalovich (Republic of Kazakhstan).
On the Basic Preconditions of Non-Neutrality of Money in Economic Theory
Authors:   Institute of Economics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Maevsky Vladimir I.
Published: April 2021

Based on the experimental calculations carried out with the help of the shifting mode reproduction model, as well as on the theoretical studies of Marx, Schumpeter, Keynes and his followers - representatives of the post-Keynesian direction, two conclusions were made in the article. First, that non-neutrality of money takes place in both short- and long-term periods, and second, that each of these periods has its own basic preconditions for non-neutrality. For the short term, it is a "phenomenon of nominal rigidity", and for the long term, it is a "phenomenon of capitalization of money". The thesis is justified that the "phenomenon of nominal rigidity" manifests itself mainly within the framework of the existing production, when the economic growth caused by the increase in money supply is achieved by increasing capacity utilization and engagement of idle labor. Accordingly, the "phenomenon of capitalization of money" manifests itself through the conversion of issued money into investments in fixed capital and, through the growth of this capital (and capacities), affects the GDP growth. It is shown that behind the two considered basic prerequisites there are fundamentally different theoretical approaches. Behind the short-term "phenomenon of nominal rigidity" there is an orthodox vision of economy focused on the equilibrium pricing mechanism. Behind the long-term "phenomenon of capitalization of money" there is a heterodox vision related to the mechanism of money circulation, emission and economic growth caused by it. It has been concluded that in case of probable increase of competition between these theoretical approaches it is unacceptable if short-term basic preconditions of non-neutrality of money are used in the analysis of long-term processes and long-term preconditions are used in the analysis of short-term growth cases.
Changes of Government and Economic Development: is There an Interconnection?
Authors:   Russian Academy of sciences, Orekhovsky Petr A. , Tereshchenko Dmitriy S. ,   National Research University «Higher School of Economics», Shcherbakov Vasiliy S. ,   Omsk State University,   Omsk State Pedagogical University
Published: April 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of interrelation between economic growth and change of government in the regions of Russia. The authors hypothesize that there is some correlation between them. In order to test the hypothesis, the quantitative analysis based on the data of 82 subjects of the Russian Federation was used. It was discovered that there is some interconnection between change of power and previous economic dynamics. This tendency has the higher significance during the period of indirect election of governance (2005–2012) At the same time, such economic indicator as GRP per capita is less interconnected with change of power. In other words, a regional recession or stagnation is much more likely to lead to a change in leadership than the low (compared to the national average) level of GRP itself. In addition, after the change of leadership in the short term, the dynamics of regional development is somewhat improving. In addition, after the change of leadership in the short term, the dynamics of regional development is somewhat improving. Apparently, these findings could be applied to the national level, but in this case, there should be additional discussions also about change of governance of executive power and legislative authority. It should also be borne in mind that effective regional leaders are often transferred to the federal level or to other, less successful regions within 2-3 electoral terms.
The Ways to Come Over the Institutional Traps of Higher Education and Science Spere
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Volchik Vyacheslav V. , Zhuk Aleksandr A. ,   Southern Federal University, Fursa Elena V. ,   Southern Federal University
Published: April 2021

The present paper is devoted to the Russian ineffective higher education and science institutions functioning study and analysis. We consider such institutions to be institutional traps, which are identified as sustainable inefficient rules and practices with the negative impact for education and science sphere reforms and transformations. The lack of the methodology base for regular institutional monitoring is one of the reasonable issues to institutional traps study. Such institutional monitoring should consist of qualitative and quantitative studies to find out the higher education and science sphere representatives points of view on the reforms results. To find out the solution and to improve the research methodology we used in-depth interview surveys and focus group discussions with lecturers and scientists of the Southern Federal University. This methodology let us to improve the institutional traps study and to design the way to come over the difficulties and barriers considering the ideas and experience of the sphere representatives. The responders involved in the present research were suggested by the six following institutional traps to discuss: the metric's trap, the trap of raising level of bureaucracy, the trap of shortage of financing, the quality of education decline trap, the trap of staff capacity and the electronization and digitalization trap.
Organizational and Managerial Support of the Cancer Service Activities of the Southern Federal District in the Context of Organizational Culture
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Mikhalkina Elena V. , Kit Oleg I. ,   FSBI "National Medical Research Center of Oncology" of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Fomenko Yuri A. ,   FSBI "National Medical Research Center of Oncology" of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Mikhalkina Daria A. ,   Southern Federal University
Published: April 2021

The article represents the results of the practice development and implementation of organizational and managerial support for the activities of the Southern Federal District oncological service in modern conditions, dictated by the increasing pace of diagnostic support technologization, maintenance, quality control, as well as informatization and digitalization of the main management processes. In addition, the behavioral economics, the economy of rationality, adaptability and identity are methodological basic structure in this field of organizational and managerial design. The norms and methodological principles reflected in behavioral economics, the economics of rationality, adaptability, and identity are fully represented in such managerial areas of knowledge as organizational culture and organizational behavior. Therefore, the practice description of the implementing organizational and managerial support for any activity through the justification of the organizational culture elements and norms allows us to systematically present the entire complex of interrelated content areas. The empirical analysis of organizational and managerial support activity is carried out on the example of the National Medical Research Center of Oncology (FSBI "NMRC of Oncology" Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation). The research confirmed the initial hypothesis that an effectively organized system of organizational and managerial support activities within the framework of the organizational culture norms ensures a high level of employees involvement at all levels in achieving performance indicators.
Formation of the "Green" Scientific and Production Cluster as a Trend of the Modern Environmental Policy of the Region
Authors:   Rostov State University of Economics (RSUE), Tyaglov Sergey G. , Bugajan Susanna A. ,   Rostov State University of Economics (RSUE)
Published: April 2021

As part of the study, the author analyzed the main directions of sustainable development of territories, which should be laid down as the basis for the work of the "green" scientific and production cluster, detailed the trends of the cluster mechanism for implementing the principles of greening the green economy in the region, specific examples of how certain environmental events in the context of each of the trends demonstrate effectiveness are given. Within the framework of the article, an analysis of the main advantages that participants in the green cluster receive, as well as the restrictions that hinder the development of such a cluster form in Russia, was carried out. The formation of a research and production green cluster is designed to solve the problem associated with the functioning of the three elements that make up the strategic platform for the development of the region: competitive enterprises, an attractive investment climate and effective regional authorities that ensure the competitiveness of the region and increase the well-being of the population. The stability of this pyramid is based on regional capital – resources, among which man is increasingly important - educated and energetic. As a result, another challenge to the green economy is the training of personnel capable of combining theoretical knowledge in the field of ecology and economics with the needs of the population of a particular region. Most of the Russian regions have sufficient potential for transition to development on the principles of a green economy, but such a regional transformation requires great preparation, careful development of an action plan at both the federal and regional levels. In these circumstances, it is difficult to overestimate the role of regional authorities, whose task is to analyze the totality of factors that influence the formation of an effective environmental-economic system, their integration into the development of a strategy for the sustainable development of the region, as well as take measures to prevent risks in the process of greening the region's economy.
3D Elastic finite-difference modeling of seismic motion using staggered grids with nonuniform spacing
Authors: Pitarka Arben
Published: April 2021

This article provides a technique to model seismic motions in 3D elastic media using fourth-order staggered-grid finite-difference (FD) operators implemented on a mesh with nonuniform grid spacing. The accuracy of the proposed technique has been tested through comparisons with analytical solutions, conventional 3D staggered-grid FD with uniform grid spacing, and reflectivity methods for a variety of velocity models. Numerical tests with nonuniform grids suggest that the method allows sufficiently accurate modeling when the grid sampling rate is at least 6 grid points per shortest shear wavelength. The applicability for a finite fault with non-uniform distribution of point sources is also confirmed. The use of nonuniform spacing improves the efficiency of the FD methods when applied to large-scale structures by partially avoiding the spatial oversampling introduced by the uniform spacing in zones with high velocity. The significant reduction in computer memory that can be obtained by the new technique improves the efficiency of the 3D-FD method at handling shorter wavelengths, larger areas, or more realistic 3D velocity structures.
Empirical Green's functions: A comparison between pulse width measurements and deconvolution by spectral division
Authors: Deichmann Nicholas
Published: April 2021

Data from a microearthquake cluster in northern Switzerland and synthetic seismograms simulating the observed signals are used to compare two different techniques of obtaining information about earthquake source-time functions. Comparisons between the observed P-wave velocity pulse widths and the rise times of far-field displacement pulses obtained from empirical Green's function (EGF) deconvolutions show significant discrepancies. Whereas the observed velocity pulse widths of the larger events scale with seismic moment over a broad range, this scaling is practically lost in the deconvolutions. The reason is that velocity pulse widths are usually measured at high trace magnifications from the first break to the first zero crossing. At lower magnifications, these pulse widths are seen to include an emergent onset, which can be attributed to an initial phase of gradual rupture acceleration and whose duration scales with moment. Synthetic simulations, based on a source model of a circular crack with constant stress drop and rupture propagating outward from the center with a gradually increasing velocity, correctly reproduce these emergent onsets. Deconvolutions using the synthetic signals show that the slow initial phase is masked by the noise amplification and stabilizing measures inherent in the deconvolution. Therefore, despite the uncertainties in the necessary corrections for attenuation and scattering along the path, relative pulse width measurements are more reliable and provide better resolution for small earthquakes than rise-time measurements on far-field displacement pulses obtained from EGF deconvolutions by spectral division.
Physiological Profile Versus Fencing Performance in Elite Indian Male Fencers
Authors: Bhatt Madhu , Krishnan Anup , Sharma Vishal , Guru Chandrasekhara , Sharma Deep , Jhajharia Sunil , Singh Krishan
Published: April 2021

Background: Fencing is a combat sport influenced by psychomotor abilities, explosive power and physical endurance. It requires anaerobic performance in bouts and aerobic performance to reach the tournament finals. The study was conducted to analyse the physiological profile of elite Indian male fencers in terms of anthropometry, aerobic fitness, anaerobic fitness and Fencing scores. Methods: 37 elite male fencers of a Sports institute volunteered to be part of the study. Results: Fencing score was significantly positively correlated with sports age (r=0.510, p=0.001) and Standing broad jump (SBJ) (r=0.408, p=0.012). Further, sports age and fencing scores were significantly positively correlated with national medals (r=0.610, p<0.0001), (r=0.659, p<0.0001) and international medals (r=0.532, p=0.001), (r=0.500, p=0.002) respectively. On Multiple Regression analysis, Sports age (β=1.300, 95% CI=0.437, 2.162), VO2max (β=0.753, 95% CI=0.266, 1.240) and fencing score (β=10.488, 95% CI=3.919, 17.058) were significant predictors of national medals. Height (β=0.069, 95% CI=0.025, 0.113), standing broad jump (β= -3.519, 95% CI= -5.731,-1.308), shuttle speed (β= -1.257, 95% CI= -5.731, -1.308) and fencing performance (β=1.235, 95% CI=0.410, 2.060) were significant predictors of international medals. Conclusion: Sports age and SBJ can predict fencing performance.VO2 max can predict national medals and height was a significant predictor of international medals won.
Update on the Management of Non-Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: L Fernández-Hernandez , R Vives-Dilmes , E Redondo-Gonzalez , R Vives-Dilmes , N Vidal-Cassinello , J Puente-Vazquez , L Fernandez-Montarroso , M Galante-Romo , Sierra Jesus Moreno
Published: April 2021

Background: Non-metastatic Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer (nmCRPC) is a heterogenous disease state in which the epidemiology is not completely known. Development of more sensitive modalities for detection of metastasis as well as the emerging data on new generation Androgen Receptor (AR) pathway inhibitors, has changed the paradigm in the management of such patients. Methods: This is a clinical descriptive review. Using the key words “Non-metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer” and “Androgen receptor targeted agents” in PubMed database, we reviewed and summarized the current literature about the definition, diagnosis and treatment of nmCRPC. We highlight the results of recent Phase III trials that showed significant impact on the outcomes of treatment of nmCRPC. Primary outcome was Metastasis-free Survival (MFS) and secondary outcomes included were Overall Survival (OS) among others as well as rates of Adverse Events (AEs). Development and Discussion: The SPARTAN trial showed a median MFS for patients treated with apalutamide plus Androgen Deprivation Therapy (ADT) of 40.5 months compared to 16.2 months for patients who received ADT plus placebo [hazard ratio (HR) 0.30; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.24-0.36; p < 0.0001). Apalutamide also showed a statistically significant benefit in OS compared to placebo, with a median of 73.9 versus 59.9 months [HR: 0.78 (95% CI: 0.64-0.96), p: 0.016]. In the PROSPER trial, the median MFS for the enzalutamide group was 36.6 months compared to 14.7 months for the placebo group [HR: 0.29 (95% CI: 0.24-0.35), p < 0.0001]. OS was significantly higher in the enzalutamide group (67 versus 56.3 months in the placebo group), reaching the statiscal significance [HR: 0.73 (95% CI: 0.61-0.89), p: 0.001]. The ARAMIS trial showed a median MFS for patients treated with darolutamide plus ADT of 40.4 months compared to 18 months for the placebo group [HR: 0.41; (95% CI: 0.34-0.5); p<0.001]. The benefit of darolutamide in OS was also clear, with a HR of 0.69 (95% CI: 0.53-0.88), p: 0.003]. Conclusions: Apalutamide, enzalutamide and darolutamide have demostrated an increase in MFS and OS with a good safety profile in patients with high risk nmCRPC. There are no recommendations in favor of any drug so far, comparative studies are needed.
Glutamate Dehydrogenase Applicability in Clinical Practice
Authors: Kravos Matej
Published: April 2021

Glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH) catalyzes reversible deamination of glutamate into alpha-ketoglutarate and ammonium ion. In the metabolism of a cell, GLDH has the key role of acting as an interface between carbohydrates and amino acids in the vicinity of the citric acid cycle and urea cycle. In the brain, GLDH appears in astrocytic processes associated with glutamatergic terminals, but it is also involved in glia metabolic processes. GLDH probably protects postsynaptic membranes against the neuroexcitotoxic glutamate effect. GLDH is an equally accurate marker of alcoholism in comparison to others, if its significantly faster decrease is taken into consideration. Watching changes in the activity of laboratory markers of alcoholism, after cessation of drinking, is an effective yet overlooked aid in diagnostics. The fast increase of leukocytes GLDH activity is specific for alcohol addiction. Alcohol consumption reduces GLDH activity to some extent and consecutively it could lead to increased protein production and strengthen of diminished leukocyte protective ability. The gradual decrease in GLDH activity may be one of key factors for neurodegenerative ageing processes. The decrease in GLDH activity in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with neurodegenerative disorders may be one of the reasons for the neuroexcitotoxic glutamate effect. The probable decrease in GLDH activity in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with neurodegenerative disorders and of patients with nerve, nerve root and plexus disorders needs further investigations to be adequately understood.
Newer Molecular Methods Bring New Insights into Human- And Building-Health Risk Assessments from Water-Damaged Buildings: Defining Exposure and Reactivity, the Two Sides of Causation of CIRS-WDB Illness
Authors: Shoemaker R. , V Neil , A Heyman , Westhuizen M van der , S McMahon , D Lark
Published: April 2021

Scientific disciplines dependent on accurate analytics invariably evolve due to advances in technical aspects of measurement. In disciplines in which adequate measurement is not available for applications to public health policy, the impact of new paradigms in measurement can extend far beyond scientific thought. Both of these concepts apply to the effect of exposure to water-damaged buildings (WDB) on human health. What causes the putative illness and what government should do to make buildings safe for use, have been impacted by development of molecular methods, particularly Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) and transcriptomics. The impact of human exposure to Actinobacteria, for example, and identification of immune reactivity specific to these bacteria are now revolutionizing: (i) both detection and quantitation of newly recognized pathogenic organisms; and (ii) the approach to the genomic basis of diagnosis and treatment of disease as manifested by differential gene activation. NGS permits quantitation of exposure and confirmation of risk associated with the threshold of exposure, using defined human health biomarkers, that in turn has led to advances in the metabolic and inflammatory issues in WDB illness, called CIRS, both from molecular hypometabolism and activation of TGF beta-1 signaling that defines immunoreactivity to Actinobacteria. Current recommendations for assessment of exposure/reactivity to fungi and methods of remediation based on fungi alone do not support continued use, now that endotoxins and Actinobacteria are found to be the major causes of human illness from exposure to WDB.
An insight to pharmacological modalities for Covid-19: rationale and recommendations
Authors: Jain Sonal
Published: April 2021

The recent outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic has caused a havoc worldwide leading to high morbidity and mortality. A very high transmission rates and limited data available on the pathophysiology of the virus, poses a big challenge in the development of effective treatment options for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The purpose of this article is to provide a short and crisp review of the rationalia and recommendations on the use of multiple therapeutic options available at different scenarios of the disease development and progression. The treatment options approved by the USFDA and CDSCO are being discussed to be used in specific population set and disease severity. Furthermore, drugs authorized as EUA but not as standard treatment of care such as monoclonal antibodies are also discussed in the article. The future of the global pandemic depends on adequacy of the treatments options for all population groups in a cost-effective manner to minimize the mortality associated with the disease.
Prevalence of keratinophilic fungi in the garden soil samples in Western India and study of its clinical impact
Authors: Agrawal Neha , Yadav Madhu , Chaurasia Mukul , Rastogi Vijaylatha , Verma Pushpanjali , Parashar Abila , Meena Govind
Published: April 2021

Dermatophytosis has been a common contagious disease and remain an important public health problem among people worldwide and particularly in developing countries. This study was done in order to know prevalence of keratinophilic fungi in the soil samples of Ajmer region and its clinical correlation.

Five samples (5gm each) of garden soil were collected from each of the randomly selected 10 sites of Ajmer region in sterile polythene bags & pH of soil was recorded. All samples were processed in the laboratory using hair bait technique and incubated at 28 + 2◦C for 3-4 weeks. Fungi grown were subcultured onto Sabourauds Dextrose Agar (SDA) with chloramphenicol & SDA with cycloheximide and identified using standard mycological procedures.

Out of 50 soil samples cultured 28 (56%) samples were positive for keratinophilic fungi. 64.28% were dermatophytes and 12.8% were non-dermatophytic fungi. The predominant isolate among dermatophytes was spp. (64.28%) where as spp. (12.8%) was the commonest non-dermatophyte.

: In our hospital, dermatophytic infection including Tinea corporis is one of the most common clinical presentations of skin infection. is commonest causative agent of Tinea corporis. Interestingly was the most commonly isolated dermatophyte in our study suggesting soil as a source of dermatophytic infections.
Comparative analysis of NS1 antigen card test and ELISA of clinically suspected dengue fever cases in a tertiary care hospital, Mumbai
Authors: Salunke Parul , Hora Shilpi , Shivram Sita
Published: April 2021

Dengue, mosquito borne acute febrile viral illness has evolved as a global life threatening public health concern in South east Asia affecting around 2.5 billion individuals in more than 100 countries.

The study was conducted to compare commercially available NS1 Ag card test with IgM Capture ELISA.

A total of 521 clinically suspected cases of dengue were tested by Rapid Card test and Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA).

Confirmed dengue positive cases by these methods were 228.A total of 222 cases were found to be positive by Card test. Out of these 222 positive samples, 61 (27.5%) were positive for NS1 antigen only. A total of 123 cases were positive for IgM by ELISA (99 for IgM only and 24 for IgM + IgG) as compared to 117 cases by rapid card test. Thus six cases (2.6%) of IgM positivity were missed by the rapid card test.

Immunochromatographic testing (ICT) can prove to be a very useful tool for especially in resource poor settings, such as in the peripheral health care center. On the other hand, in tertiary care hospitals, where a large number of samples are to be tested and the technical expertise is available, ELISA can be very effective in diagnosis of dengue infection.
Retrospective view on fungal and bacterial profile in the suspected cases of keratitis
Authors: R Sharlee , B Sumangala
Published: April 2021

To study the microbial profile in the cases of keratitis.

Retrospective cross-sectional study conducted during the period of January 2018 to January 2019. Corneal scrapping from suspected case of keratitis were subjected for microscopy and culture. Growth was examined for wet mount, colony morphology from culture tubes and plates, susceptibility of gram negative and gram-positive organism was done according to standard protocol (CLSI 2018).

In our study total of 239 samples, 17(7.1%) samples were only Microscopy positive, 69 (28.8%) samples were bacterial culture positive and 43 (17.9%) were fungal culture positive. Organisms isolated from bacterial culture were and species. & spp were isolated from fungal culture. No mixed growth was observed in our study.

In our study we found about 28.8% of cases were positive for bacterial growth. Clinicians usually neglect bacterial cause of keratitis, so a good microbiological investigation play major role in management of corneal infection.
Antibiotic susceptibility patterns of Pseudomonas sp. isolated from various clinical samples at a tertiary care hospital at Dewas in Madhya Pradesh, India
Authors: Sharma Munesh Kumar , Negi Sandeep , K Ramanath , Bala Lakshmi
Published: April 2021

A significant proportion of nosocomial infections is contributed by the Major changes were observed from time to time in prevalence and multidrug-resistant (MDR) with enormous morbidity and mortality. The spread of antimicrobial resistance has now become a worldwide issue as a consequence of the haphazard use of antimicrobials.

This study was done in the Amaltas Institute of Medical Sciences from February 2019 to December 2019.

was isolated from different clinical samples like urine, sputum, pus, fluid, and catheter tip. Identification of was done by biochemical tests. Antibiotic susceptibility test (AST) was done by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Data Analysis was done by percentage method. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBLs) production was detected by the combined disc diffusion test.

Sensitivity was seen in colistin and polymyxin B - 100%, meropenem - 86.58% and piperacillin tazobactam - 82.92%. Resistance was seen in co-trimoxazole- 80.48%, cefixime- 82.92%, cefoperazone/sulbactam-59.75% and ciprofloxacin- 39.02%. The maximum number of MDR strains were isolated from the pus samples (n=18) as compared to other samples. The total number of ESBL producing strains was seen higher in the pus samples (n=15). The number of strains (n=57) was seen greater in number than other .

The present study is an attempt to regulate the use of antibiotics that are irrelevant and wasteful. It is also a public health concern to take adequate measures, maintain cleanliness and hygiene to reduce the spread of nosocomial infections.
Bacteriological profile and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of wound infections in a tertiary care hospital in South India
Authors: S Roopashree , Prathab A G , T Sandeep
Published: April 2021

Infections caused due to injuries are due to microbial proliferation at the wound site following skin damage. Initial testing of micro-organisms in terms of culturing and sensitivity leads to appropriate antibiotic selection and prevents escalation of antimicrobial resistance.

To evaluate the bacteriological profile and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of wound infections in this single-centered study.

The study included 160 patients suspected to have wound infection. Pus or tissue samples collected from patients were subjected to microbiological processing including Gram staining, culture and antibiotic susceptibility testing. Their demographic data and wound related factors (duration, nature, type) were recorded. The isolated organisms were evaluated for β-lactamase production using Extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) test, Modified Hodge test for Carbapenemase and AmpC β-lactamase enzyme detection tests.

Most participants were 41-60 years old (45.63%). The majority had surgical site infections (SSI, 91.25%), early infected (91.1%) and clean (67.12%) wounds. The bacterial isolation rate was 80% and 45.27% (n=67) were Gram positive isolates, out of which 47 (70.14%) were multidrug resistant. was identified as the predominant organism (n=40), where 33 among 40 were methicillin sensitive, followed by (n=30, 23.43%). Amongst the Gram negative isolates (n=81, 54.73%), 60 (74.07%) were multidrug resistant with majority being susceptible to imipenem, meropenem and amikacin.

The most common pathogen associated with wound infection was Methicillin sensitive with SSI being the most common type of wound infection.
Prevalence of non albicans Candida in diabetic subjects and its extracellular enzymatic profiles
Authors: Lakshmi D Vijaya , Prasad B V Siva , Sekhar A Chandra , Prasad D Vijaya Raghava
Published: April 2021

Epidemiology of Candidiosis their prevalence, identification and evaluation of extra cellular enzymes patterns in group from the oral washings of diabetic subjects.

A total of 125 oral samples were collected and analyzed. The Candiad species were identified by means of morphological and by molecular methods. The production of virulence factors assessed by using standard protocols.

Total of 70 different yeast like fungal strains were isolated and identified. The selected 6 virulence factors were investigated and compared critically among the NAC species. The overall observations were indicating that the virulence factors are fluctuated randomly with in the strains tested. Maximum extent of the virulence factors were reported as Phospholipase [], protease [2, ], Haemolysin [Candida tropicalis-3], Coagulase [3], and Biofilm formation [] respectively.

In the present study we focused mainly on NAC species and their credible factors responsible for the progression of infections in diabetic subjects.
The comparative analysis of thermal effects in elastomers modified with MCNT at constant DC voltage
Authors:   Tambov State Technical University, Shchegolkov A. V.
Published: April 2021

The author carried out the comparative analysis of elastomers – polyurethane (NPC) and silicone compound (NCOC) modified with carbon nanotubes (MCNT) with a mass content of 1 to 9 %. MCNTs were synthetically produced by the CVD technology using Co-Mo/Al2O3-MgO (MCNT1) and Fe-Co/2,1Al2O3 (MCNT2) catalysts. The analysis of experimental study results showed that the lowest specific bulk electrical conductivity (5×10-10 Cm×cm-1) was typical for polyurethane elastomer (1 mass. % MCNT synthetically produced using Fe-Co/2,1Al2O3 catalyst). For the silicone elastomer modified with 9 mass. % MCNT1, the specific bulk electrical conductivity was 4×10-1 Cm×cm-1. The author identified the parameters of percolation of electrical conductivity model for NPC, NCOC with MCNT1 and MCNT2, taking into account the MCNT packing factor and electrical conductivity critical index. The maximum temperature field uniformity is typical for silicone elastomer with 7 mass. % MCNT2. Nonuniform temperature field in modified polyurethane-based elastomers can be caused by the local MCNT entanglement manifested in the creation of agglomerates or more dense electrically-conductive circuit packing, which, in its turn, results in the decrease in heat power. The heating temperature of nanomodified composites produced from NCOC 1 and NCOC 2 can vary from 32.9 to 102 °С. The author studied the modes of nanomodified elastomers heat generation in the range of 6 to 30 V, compared heat generation in the elastomer-based and ceramics-based samples. The study allowed identifying the best combination of the polymeric matrix and MCNT type. For the electric heater, it is the most efficient to apply silicone compound at the 7 % MCNT concentration and, depending on the feeding voltage level of 12 or 24 V, to use MCNT1 or MCNT2.
DIGITALIZATION OF COLLECTIONS IN FORENSIC INVESTIGATION
Authors:   Togliatti State University, Moiseev A. M. ,   Institute of Economics and Law (branch) of educational institution of labor unions of higher education “Academy of Labor and Social Relations” in Sevastopol
Published: April 2021

The paper considers the issue of extensive application of local expert collections in forensic expert practice. The study shows that the necessity of extensive application of such collections and other local reference-assistive means occurs due to criminalistics digitalization. The author specifies the concept of local expert collections; proposes to carry out expert collections digitalization according to the matrix principle of the object’s characteristics fixation. The study identified that the practicality of the extensive application of such collections is caused by the network approach introduction to the forensic expert activity. The author proves the applicability of semantic networks to ensure the efficiency of using expert collections. The necessity to overcome the experienced counter-acting the investigation determines the importance of extensive application of digitalized collections. The author implements the technological approach to the expert studies using the specimen copies from expert collections; proposes to support the information provision block in the forensic expert study technologies with references to the local collections stored in a cloud resource. Within the block of assignments for forensic studies, it is offered to provide an initiative comparison of an object under the study with the collection standards regarding falsification or other change in its characteristics. It provides information security measures. Such measures are the collection exchange channel duplication and block-chain technology. The paper presents a validation procedure for expert collections located in network resources of forensic expert institutions. Expert collection validation involves the research activities regarding the adequacy of their digital representation and the expert collections approval in terms of applicability for solving particular expert tasks. Complex application of expert collections represented in digital format supplies digital criminalistics with new forensic investigation resources.
CLIL IN RUSSIAN HIGHER EDUCATION: ADOPTING FOREIGN METHODOLOGY OR ADAPTING IT TO RUSSIAN REALITY
Authors:   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Kudryashova A. V.
Published: April 2021

The paper analyzes CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning) as a teaching method contributing to training competitive specialists in demand both in the Russian and international labor markets. CLIL has become popular in the Russian system of higher education while insufficient understanding of the conditions for its effective implementation in our country often leads to unsuccessful foreign experience adoption. The paper aims to study the specifics of the Russian educational system and its potential as a platform for CLIL implementation. The foreign practices and CLIL-methodology are analyzed with the objective to identify a number of didactic principles and key factors affecting the choice of a model and form of CLIL for a particular educational paradigm. The specificity of the Russian educational system is analyzed from the standpoint of the obstacles to CLIL implementation. Based on the results of the study, it is determined that CLIL implementation in Russia is possible. However, this methodology should be adapted to the Russian reality. The author suggests an adaptation mechanism that implies the following measures: approving CLIL at the university level, establishing interaction between the university and businesses to jointly develop a training plan, creating a team of CLIL-methodology developers at the university level, providing conditions for professional retraining of subject teachers in CLIL methodology, establishing interaction between subject teachers and linguists for the development of CLIL-courses.
SPECIAL FEATURES OF INTERRELATION OF TEACHERS’ FRUSTRATION REACTIONS IN PROFESSIONAL AND EVERYDAY SITUATIONS
Authors:   Samara branch of Moscow City University, Nikiforova T. Yu.
Published: April 2021

Early identification of special features of interaction of teacher reactions in the frustrating everyday situations and professional relationships makes it possible to predict the activity effectiveness, adjust attitudes towards response, and create a positive professional scenario. For this purpose, the author studied school teachers’ reactions to frustration in the context of everyday and professional situations. The study involved 120 teachers having more than seven years of work experience. As a result, the study showed that most teachers’ reactions in everyday frustrating situations were extra-punitive reactions with a fixation on self-defense. In situations of frustration, teachers reveal a tendency towards self-defense reactions much more often than they admit the presence of an obstacle, which determines their vulnerability in problem situations that require the independent overcoming of difficulties. The study proved statistically that the less manifested the tendency of teachers in everyday frustrating situations to emphasize the presence of an obstacle and the more manifested the inclination to believe that someone else should solve a problem, the more often in conflict pedagogical situations, their reactions are directed towards a student (individual). The identified predominance of teachers’ reactions towards an individual, as well as reactions with the fixation on a task and explanation in conflict pedagogical situations, reflects the insufficient formation of their internal locus control. Statistical analysis of interdependence between the reactions of teachers in everyday and pedagogical situations using the Pearson coefficient and the Spearman coefficient indicates a significant integration of professional-pedagogical attitude into the structure of the everyday consciousness of a person, which determines the necessity of psychological support for further development of the professional career of teachers.
FINANCIAL SYSTEM RISKS
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Demidova S. E.
Published: April 2021

Government interference in the social-economic processes through the implementation of anti-crisis measures and fiscal expansion holds the embodiment of financial risks for economic entities. As a result, government debt and budget gaps at the continuing drop of real disposable household income and companies’ profitability grow. Over a long-term horizon, the decisions made can cause a financial system misbalance and new risk generation, including systemic risks in the sphere of public finance. The author carries out the theoretical research of financial system risks, which can result in a decrease in the system stability in general. The study determines that there is no single theoretical concept of financial risks of the public sector. Within the research, the author analyzed the approaches to systemic risks in various economic sectors and decomposed systemic risk of the public finance sphere. The study specified global factors of influence on the financial system stability, determined the impact factors and common fiscal limitations considering the needs in the execution of state obligations. The pandemic factor – COVID-19 spread is highlighted as an exogenous factor of impact on the formation of financial system misbalances. The main threat to the financial system stability considered in terms of the functional-institutional approach is the deficiency of economic entities’ liquidity. Unprecedented budgetary measures of anti-crisis financial regulation, the deferred impact – tax preferences, and monetary measures had an immediate influence on the liquidity volume during the implementation of anti-COVID activities. Tools of budgetary monitoring, budget expenditures reviews, tax expenditures reviews, and budget consolidation ensure the budget mechanism flexibility. Factors producing financial system risks and the selected measures of state regulation will set the trends for the social-economic development of the country in the coming years.