bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Doing good business and quality journalism? Entrepreneurial journalism and the debates on the future of news media
Authors: Carbasse Renaud
Published: April 2018

As journalism finds itself in a process of accelerated transformations, Internet seems to be a place where both the reproduction of traditional models and a wide array of journalistic and business models experimentations happen at the same time. Here, at the intersection of changes in news models, job definitions and in career trajectories, the figure of the “entrepreneurial journalist” (BRIGGS, 2011) resurfaced and gradually gained in popularity over the last years in discourses celebrating innovation, flexibility and risk-taking. In this context, how can the figures of the journalist and the entrepreneur co-exist whereas commercial and journalistic activities have been historically strongly separated? How can business development be compatible with independent and objective news gathering when it is done by the same person? How do the notions of independent news writing and respect for the public interest – all strong elements of the journalistic ethics discourses – are negotiated by these actors? In this paper, we wish to explore these issues, first by contextualizing the rise of entrepreneurial journalism before presenting findings of an exploratory study about the ways the links between entrepreneurial and journalistic imperatives have been thought and presented in the existing journalistic literature in France and United States of America.
Convergence And Transmedia Storytelling in Journalism: Transformations in Professional Practices and Profiles
Authors: Martins Elaide
Published: April 2018

As the focus of research developed by Jenkins (2009), convergence culture brings changes to journalism; it affects the practices, routines and profiles of its professionals and their relations with the public. One example is TV Folha from Brazil, a program made by professionals in different areas using press equipment and objectives. Their convergent nature affects production processes and favours hybridization of languages and multiplatform production, accentuating the presence of transmedia storytelling; a term adopted by Jenkins to refer to a model which emerged out of media convergence. This study adopted a qualitative methodology using interviews and observational analysis in order to understand the effects convergence culture has on the way journalism is done and the profile of its professionals. This discussion leads us to believe that the challenge is more than just multiplatform production; it is in the relationships developed out of convergence.as the focus of research developed by Jenkins (2009), convergence culture brings changes to journalism; it affects the practices, routines and profiles of its professionals and their relations with the public. One example is TV Folha from Brazil, a program made by professionals in different areas using press equipment and objectives. Their convergent nature affects production processes and favours hybridization of languages and multiplatform production, accentuating the presence of transmedia storytelling; a term adopted by Jenkins to refer to a model which emerged out of media convergence. This study adopted a qualitative methodology using interviews and observational analysis in order to understand the effects convergence culture has on the way journalism is done and the profile of its professionals. This discussion leads us to believe that the challenge is more than just multiplatform production; it is in the relationships developed out of convergence.
From remediation to convergence: looking at the Portuguese media
Authors: Canavilhas João
Published: April 2018

The digitalization in the journalism sector and the emergence of the Internet have transformed media convergence into a new field of research. In a first stage, researchers were centered on convergence processes in the newsroom, namely in questions related with entrepreneurial reorganization (KETTERER et al., 2004; QUINN, 2005) and journalists’ professional routines (SALAVERRÍA, 2003; MASIP; MICÓ, 2009; VERWEIJ, 2009). However, it was soon understood that convergence influences a larger area: the migration of traditional media to the Internet and the rapid technological evolution showed that convergence was a transversal phenomenon that also happened in the contents field (CÁDIMA, 1999; QUINN; FILAK, 2005), news distribution (BRUNS, 2003; CABRERA, 2010) and information consumption (BOWMAN; WILLIS, 2003; JENKINS, 2006; SUNDET; ESPEN 2009). The present work is centered on the study of contents convergence, attempting to produce an accurate portrait of thePortuguese media situation.
One subject, many paths. Transmedia communication in journalism
Authors: Pase André Fagundes , Nunes Ana Cecília Bisso , Fontoura Marcelo Crispim da
Published: April 2018

Transmedia communication is used mainly in fiction, but also in journalism. This paper analyzes the informational synergy of transmedia in the news field. Through a conceptual digression, we discuss the word transmedia, as defined by Jenkins (2006), cross-media and multimedia, explaining the differences between all those concepts – sometimes treated by some authors as synonyms, although they are not. The ideas are revisited and verified through the study of Inside Disaster, a Canadian documentary about the 2010 Haitian earthquake that offers news by means of game, hypertext and video. Above all, we propose a reflection on the implications of the transmedia experience applied to journalism, a look at transmedia communication thinking not only about technology, but searching for a cultural and social interpretation, in a cultural perspective of the study of technology and journalism.
The journalistic utterance on Twitter
Authors: Teixeira Mabel Oliveira
Published: April 2018

This article aims to discuss the impact of the characteristics of the Twitter platform on the application of standard journalistic technique (TRAQUINA, 2008) during the creation and production of news releases as tweets and, at the same time, it seeks to identify their specifications regarding traditional journalistic utterances. Through the analysis of 134 tweets collected from newspaper profiles of Folha de S. Paulo, Zero Hora and Diário Popular, we have obtained indications that led us to confirm our central assumption. In other words, the hierarchical pattern and purpose that guide the creation of standard news, and therefore, the special language that characterizes traditional journalism, begin to give way to models that are more horizontal and interactive, that redesign the standard technique (based on the model of the Inverted Pyramid) and thus, modify journalistic writing - interfering in its discursive effects (GOMES, 2000).
Liquid journalism: trends in amplification of the field
Authors: Rublescki Anelise , Silva Alexandre Rocha da
Published: April 2018

This article derives from a broader investigation which discusses the metamorphoses that are established for the mediation and the capability for processing of the news in the culture of the convergence and digitalization. As a direct result of the investigation seven trends to enlarge the boundaries of the field are highlighted: 1) diffuse journalism, 2) residual recovery journalism, 3) deepening of journalism in collaboration, 4) predominance of news centered on the reader, 5) more value given to local content, 6) personalization of the fruition of the news, and 7) plurality of voices and framings with regard to the same fact. Methodologically, it is a theoretical and critical article, developed from review of the literature and empirical observation.
False, inaccurate and incomplete news: challenges facing journalists involuntary rectification. The Spanish experience
Authors: López Hidalgo Antonio , Fernández Barrero Ángeles
Published: April 2018

Journalists must verify information provided by their sources. However, factors such as job precariousness, urgency and the credibility they give to mainly institutional sources mean that journalists do not verify information. Most codes of conduct recommend the duty to correct information as soon as an unintentionally committed error is discovered, but journalists dislike recognising their own errors and even more so correcting them publicly. These circumstances affect adversely the quality of discourse and the credibility of mass-media. Ombudsmen partially bridge this gap. As a result, false, mistaken, wrong or biased pieces of news are published and journalists, against the rules of truth and honesty, rarely rectify on their own initiative. This article analyses the coverage of Iraq’s weapons of mass destruction, in which the game of mimicry saw the same mistake repeated in different media and in different countries, although prestigious newspapers published an unusual public apology.
Multi-platform production: full speed ahead. The case of the Canadian company Québecor, 1995–2010
Authors: François Demers , Florence Le Cam
Published: April 2018

This paper analyzes the strategies of the Canadian corporation Quebecor, a conglomerate regarded as the prototypical media company and a veteran in the process of gradual media convergence. This case study is based on ethnographic fieldwork conducted between 1999 and 2005, and on a review of the corporation’s activities five years later, in 2010. Synergistically integrating cross–promoting media, strategic partnerships with other media, and structural innovation, Quebecor is the most strongly committed actor in multiplatform production in Quebec – and beyond in English Canada. It has also become an increasingly avid proponent of the concept of the multitasking journalist. The analysis proposed here illustrates not only the transformation of the work of Quebecor employees but also the strategies deployed by a conglomerate to control financial and business opportunities anticipated through media convergence.
What does video-camera framing say during the news? A look at contemporary forms of visual journalism
Authors: Freire Gutmann Juliana
Published: April 2018

In order to contribute to the discussion about audiovisual processing of journalistic information, this article examines connections between the uses of video framing on the television news stage, contemporary senses, public interest and the distinction values of journalism, addressed here through the perspective of the concepts of conversation and participation. The article identifies recurring video framing techniques used by 15 Brazilian television newscasts, accounting for contemporary forms of audiovisual telejournalism, responsible for new types of spatial-temporal configurations. From a methodological perspective, this article seeks to contribute to the study of the television genre by understanding the uses of these audiovisual techniques as a strategy for newscast communicability.
On the anatomy of mediatized news broadcasting: metamorphoses and multiple narratives
Authors: Piccinin Fabiana , Soster Demétrio de Azeredo
Published: April 2018

This article discusses mediatization in news journalism, which is characterized by the institution, in current times, of a new “place” for the media. From this standpoint, they are no longer regarded as mere media, but as structuring elements of a new communicational bios. In the course of society’s transition from the media towards a mediatized society, news production practices become complex and process practices, as well as narrative and content distribution forms emerge, that are distinct from those seen until then. Television news broadcast emerges, therefore, in a new format, made up of the cluster of diverse media that refer to such programs, demanding new identification and recognition protocols. These changes will be examined as they relate to the news telecasts TV Folha, of TV Cultura, based on four movements resulting from the mediatization process in journalism: self-referentiality, co-referentiality, decentralization and dialogy.
From one to another paradigm: continuities and discontinuities of research in journalism in Brazil and Latin America
Authors: Motta Luiz Gonzaga
Published: April 2018

The article makes a counterpoint between the critical paradigm, action-oriented, hegemonic in the second half of the last century, and the paradigm of scientific purity and of current theoretical chastity, which requires a distancing between subject and object. The aim is to identify continuities and discontinuities of research in journalism and communication. The author does not make a choice either recommendations, but warns about the inevitably historical aspect of social theories, endorses E. Morin's anthropoethics, his holistic-humanitarian paradigm, and the proposal of Sousa Santos to understand science as a social practice of knowledge in constant dialogue with the world.
The Spin Doctors of news sources
Authors: Schmitz Aldo Antonio , Karam Francisco José Castilhos
Published: April 2018

This paper examines in a historical context, with reference to concrete cases, the phenomenon of spin doctors. What is it? How does it act? What is its purpose? Where does it operate? And what are its consequences? These questions are raised in order to help identify the actions and strategies benefitting news sources, as well as the impact on journalism: the accommodation of journalists, the reduction or elimination of investigative journalism, the transference of the news to digital social networks, and the expansion of media sources. The article draws on a survey conducted with 163 news sources and journalists, on the premise that spin doctors are professional communicators, who are able to forge public opinion using processes, procedures, journalist’s co-optation, and knowledge of journalism and public relations, in order to be successful in the media, or directly with the target audience.
Journalism, memory, forgetting: the Realengo massacre in the Veja magazine’s retrospective insight Leandro Rodrigues
Authors: Lage Leandro Rodrigues
Published: April 2018

This paper discusses the tensions between memory and forgetting, which are commonly found in journalistic narratives. The goal is to understand, in the light of the concepts of “duty of memory” and “abuse of forgetting”, as delineated by Ricoeur, the contradictions evidenced by the work with memory as carried out by journalists. For that purpose, Veja Magazine’s coverage of the Realengo Massacre episode is used as a reference, as it unfolded in two issues of the magazine: December 28, 2011, when the magazine presented the 2011 Retrospective, and dedicated a report to the tragedy that took place in Rio de Janeiro; and January 4, 2012, when Veja published the letter written by a teacher who had witnessed the bloodbath and criticized Veja’s memory/forgetting thus stressing that journalistic work of memory. Ultimately, journalism is approached as a mediating sphere of memory and is therefore subject to the dilemmas of reminiscence concerning the organization of memory in face of the texture of the events experience.
Visibility of news items on Twitter and Facebook: comparative analysis of the most replicated news in Europe and the Americas
Authors: Zago Gabriela da Silva , Bastos Marco Toledo
Published: April 2018

This paper identifies and compares the top replicated news items on Twitter and Facebook, on news websites from Brazil, Germany, Spain, the United States and United Kingdom. The data includes 8 of the newspapers with the largest circulation in the 5 countries, totaling 40 outlets. The volume of “retweets” and “likes” was used as a metric for representing the visibility of news items. Links posted on Twitter and messages posted by newspapers on Facebook were collected for a period of two weeks during October 2012. Content analysis was carried out for the top 25 replicated messages in each social network, which uncovered significant cultural traits and editorial differences across countries, based upon the content that circulated on social networks during the period. The results confirm users’ perceptions of social networking sites, with Facebook being used largely for entertainment and recreation, and Twitter for covering political, economic, and social events.
The paths of reception: an analysis of the Brazilian scientific production
Authors: Sousa Janara , Castro Davi de
Published: April 2018

The purpose of this paper is to reflect about the contours that the discussion about the audience on the webjournalism is gaining. Our search is for the perception of brazilian researchers regarding this topic. How is the experience of the audience in the world wide web observed, analyzed and reported by brazilian researchers? To answer this question, we seek scientific studies published from 2005 to 2011 in the seven top journals evaluated by Qualis, a system of the Brazilian institution Capes. A sample of 30 papers led us to conclude that most of the analyzed scientific productions were dedicated to effectively discuss the theme of the audience. Other aspects about journalism that could arouse interest are relegated to the background while the prevailing discussion is bout the new scenery of audience, which, according to the authors studied, changed deeply with the advent of the Internet.
Professional convergence: a case study on changes in the journalist’s profile
Authors: Barbosa e Silva Jan Alyne , Pereira Maria de Lourdes , Ribeiro Rodolfo Silva
Published: April 2018

This paper aims at discussing some of the changes journalists have been going through, due to the use and appropriation of Communication and Information Technologies. This study is based on the case of Efrém Ribeiro, a journalist who works at Sistema Integrado de Comunicação Meio Norte, a TV broadcaster located in the city of Teresina, in the state of Piauí, Northeastern, Brazil. By exercising media and functional polyvalences, Efrém has been accumulating a number of functions previously distributed separately, as well as incorporating technological innovations in his production process. The case study consists of in-depth interviews and participant observation. The results show that the polyvalences occur only in terms of investigation and production of content for print, TV and the Web, however, deeply rooted in traditional, separate and divergent models and processes of production.
Press and social networking services in the internet: approaches to the relations of two Argentine online newspapers with Facebook and Twitter
Authors: Raimondo Anselmino Natalia , Bertone Mauro
Published: April 2018

This article describes the incorporation of the social networks resources on Internet into digital interfaces of the two main Argentine newspapers, Clarín and La Nación, as well as the ways in which these online newspapers manage and use their official accounts on Facebook (FB) and Twitter (TW). Such reflections are part of the first stage of a research project which aims to understand the relationship established, at present, between digital media and social networking, to account for the impact of the latter both the link to the press with his readership as in the press-public sphere relationship. As we have seen until now, these observed online newspapers use their official accounts on FB and TW for several purposes: to get viral spread of content; to establish a direct contact with the public; to get the audience involved and encourage their participation; to consolidate their own positions into the social networks; and to get users to control the quality of his speeches on the Internet. Besides, the incorporation of the social networks resources on these online newspapers would impact, specially, on news circulation process since a piece of news is no longer a stable unit and gets modified as the story travels through Internet social networks.
Democracia, crise econômica e Instituições Políticas
Authors: Política da UFPI Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência
Published: April 2018

Revista Conexão Política Revista Semestral do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Política da UFPI
SINGER, André. Os sentidos do Lulismo: reforma gradual e pacto conservador. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2012, 276 p.
Authors: De Souza Cláudio André
Published: April 2018

SINGER, André. Os sentidos do Lulismo: reforma gradual e pactoconservador. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2012, 276 p.
Questions in the Chemistry Class: A Comparative Study of Pedagogic Practices in Different Social Contexts
Authors: Silva Rivaldo Lopes da , Souza Geovânia dos Santos Moreira , Santos Bruno Ferreira dos
Published: April 2018

This article presents and discusses the findings of a research on the discourse in chemistry classes that was focused on the questions of the teacher and the students. Based on the concept of framing derived from Basil Bernstein’s theory of pedagogical discourse and Hugh Mehan’s initiation types, the research aimed to study the influence of social contexts on the pedagogical practice of Chemistry teachers and its manifestation on their questions in the classroom. Through the analysis, we compared the position of the teacher during the questioning episodes and the types of initiation presented in the questions asked by the teacher and his students. The research methodology was based on a case study, and the data were collected in two urban secondary schools located in different socioeconomic contexts. The results showed differences in the teacher’s position in relation to the both students’ answers and in relation to their questions in both schools, and also differences in the teacher’s position regarding the students’ questions between the schools. Based on the results of our analysis, we identified a relationship between the type of initiation and the degrees of framing of the pedagogical practice. We address these findings with the difference in the pace of the pedagogical practices between the schools and the mode of teacher´s control in front of the students of the two schools. These differences generated different chains of interaction and questions with different conceptual levels.
Elektronik Ticaretin Muhasebeleştirilmesi Ve Vergilendirilmesi Konusunda SMMM’lerin Görüşleri: Sivas İlinde Araştırma
Authors: AYDIN Yüksel , DUNDAR Hilal
Published: April 2018

Bu çalışmada, elektronik ticaretin tüm
yönleri ile incelenmiş, muhasebeleştirme ve vergilendirme konularına
değinilmiştir. Sivas ilinde elektronik ticaret yapan firmalar hakkında bilgi
toplanarak bunların muhasebe ve vergi konusunda yaşadıkları olumlu veya olumsuz
durumlar değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmada veri toplama yöntemlerinden biri olan
anket yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Sivas Serbest Muhasebeciler ve Mali Müşavirler
Odası’na kayıtlı 329 üyeden aktif olarak mesleğini icra eden 232 üyenin 84
tanesine yapılmıştır. Muhasebesini tuttukları firmalardan elektronik ticaret
yapan olup olmadığı sorulmuş ve alınan cevaba göre elektronik ticaret yapan
firma bilgileri ile cevaplamaları istenmiştir. Uygulamamızın sonucu SPSS
programı kullanılarak çalışmamızda yer almıştır. Sonuç olarak elektronik ticaretin işletme muhasebe
düzenine yenilikler getirdiği ve yeni terimleri bünyesine kattığı, kaydetme
düzeninden raporlama düzenine kadar birçok değişikliği beraberinde getirdiği
gerçeği ile değişen bu düzenin kurallarının konması ve uygulamada birlikteliğin
sağlanması açısından kanun koyuculara ve bu konuda çalışma yapan kurum ve
kuruluşlarımıza önemli işler düşmektedir.
Effect of daily milk production levels on plasma calcium, phosphorus and magnesium concentrations in dairy cows
Authors: Mukača Adis , Katica Muhamed
Published: April 2018

The aim of this study was to determine the serum level of calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P) and magnesium (Mg) and hence determine the relationship and the effect of daily milk production on the mentioned essential macro elements. The metabolism and neurohumoral regulation of Ca, P and Mg are closely related, and the metabolic disorder of one of these electrolytes inevitably affects the metabolism of the other two. The study was carried out in the winter period of animal keeping and nutrition, and it included 63 Holstein-Friesian breed cows in the northern region of Bosnia and Herzegovina, aged 2-9 years in different lactation stages (1-8). The largest number of cows, eighteen of them, were in the second, third and fourth lactation stage, while nine cows were in the first lactation stage. This study was conducted on three different groups of cows corresponding to the amount of daily milk production. First was the group of lower daily milk production n=21, the second group of examined cows was the group of medium daily milk production n=23 and third was the group of higher daily milk production n=19. Ca, P and Mg were determined in blood plasma using the Beckmann spectrophotometer. By examining the obtained results and the dynamics of the tested mineral substances, we point out the different behaviour of the Ca-P relationship in correlation with the different level of daily milk produced. Although the average values ​​of both minerals are lowered with an increase in daily milk production, the analysis of single linear regression shows that there is a negative correlation between P concentration in blood plasma and the amount of daily milk produced, while for Ca it has not been established. Although the concentration of Mg in the blood plasma increases as the daily milk production increases, the analysis of single linear regression does not show a significant interconnection of these two values. Lower average values of Ca and P concentrations in the blood of cows with higher daily milk production may be associated with increased total excretion of these minerals through milk, unlike the cows which daily produced lower amounts of milk.
Performance enhancement of Echo Cancellation Using a Combination of Partial Update ( PU) Methods and New Variable Length LMS (NVLLMS) Algorithm
Authors: Jamel Thamer M. , Hammood Faez Fawzi
Published: April 2018

In this paper, several combination algorithms between Partial Update LMS (PU LMS) methods and previously proposed algorithm (New Variable Length LMS (NVLLMS)) have been developed. Then, the new sets of proposed algorithms were applied to an Acoustic Echo Cancellation system (AEC) in order to decrease the filter coefficients, decrease the convergence time, and enhance its performance in terms of Mean Square Error (MSE) and Echo Return Loss Enhancement (ERLE). These proposed algorithms will use the Echo Return Loss Enhancement (ERLE) to control the operation of filter's coefficient length variation. In addition, the time-varying step size is used.The total number of coefficients required was reduced by about 18% , 10% , 6%, and 16% using Periodic, Sequential, Stochastic, and M-max PU NVLLMS algorithms respectively, compared to that used by a full update method which  is very important, especially in the application of mobile communication since the power consumption must be considered. In addition, the average ERLE and average Mean Square Error (MSE) for M-max PU NVLLMS are better than other proposed algorithms.
Prediction of the Effect of Using Stone Column in Clayey Soil on the Behavior of Circular Footing by ANN Model
Authors: Al-Kubaisi Omar Khaleel Ismael
Published: April 2018

Shallow foundations are usually used for structures with light to moderate loads where the soil underneath can carry them. In some cases, soil strength and/or other properties are not adequate and require improvement using one of the ground improvement techniques. Stone column is one of the common improvement techniques in which a column of stone is installed vertically in clayey soils. Stone columns are usually used to increase soil strength and to accelerate soil consolidation by acting as vertical drains. Many researches have been done to estimate the behavior of the improved soil. However, none of them considered the effect of stone column geometry on the behavior of the circular footing. In this research, finite element models have been conducted to evaluate the behavior of a circular footing with different stone column configurations. Moreover, an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model has been generated for predicting these effects. The results showed a reduction in the bending moment, the settlement, and the vertical stresses with the increment of the stone column length, while both the horizontal stress and the shear force were increased. ANN model showed a good relationship between the predicted and the calculated results.
Performance Evaluation of Plant Produced Warm Mix Asphalt
Authors: Albayati Amjad H.
Published: April 2018

Warm mix asphalt (WMA) is relatively a new technology which enables the production and compaction of asphalt concrete mixtures at temperatures 15-40 °C lower than that of traditional hot mix asphalt HMA. In the present work, six asphalt concrete mixtures were produced in the mix plant (1 ton each) in six different batches. Half of these mixes were WMA and the other half were HMA.  Three types of fillers (limestone dust, Portland cement and hydrated lime) were used for each type of mix. Samples were then taken from these patches and transferred to lab for performance testing which includes: Marshall characteristics, moisture susceptibility (indirect tension test), resilient modulus, permanent deformation (axial repeated load test) and fatigue characteristics (third point flexural beam test). The obtained results indicated that the performance of WMA is enhanced when using the hydrated lime as filler in comparison with the limestone dust and Portland cement fillers. Better fatigue life was obtained for WMA using hydrated lime filler in comparison with HMA. Regardless the filler type, the Marshall properties of WMA satisfy the requirement of local specification, other properties of WMA were relatively lower than the HMA.
Virtual Reality: An Innovative Tool in Destinations’ Marketing
Authors: Rainoldi Mattia , Driescher Veronika , Lisnevska Alina , Zvereva Daria , Stavinska Anna , Relota Jennifer , Egger Roman
Published: April 2018

Virtual reality (VR) is a fast-developing technology with a broad range of use. The tourism industry, more specifically destinations, may benefit from its potential in the near future. By using VR in its marketing strategy, destinations have a substantial influence on the information search process and the decision-making process of potential tourists. Tourists can experience the destination, its atmosphere and possible emotions beforehand. Thus, they can create a more detailed destination image and realistic expectations of their visit. This transfers them into a better position to decide whether or not to visit a destination. This experimental study takes a closer look into a destination’s promotional material by analysing and comparing a self-designed brochure with an existing VR video of the city of Dubrovnik, Croatia. A total of 101 experiments were conducted at Fachhochschule Salzburg and UniparkNonntal. The research shows that VR transforms the information search experience into a faster, more interactive, and more detailed process compared to traditional promotional material. The results can be beneficial for destinations to understand how relevant using VR for tourism promotion is.The Gaze: Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Vol.9 2018 p.53-68
Long term Urological complications in patients with Spinal cord injury
Authors: Thapa Bikash Bikram , Shrestha Dhan Bahadur , Thapa Naryan , Bhandari Bharat Bahadur
Published: April 2018

Introduction: Neurogenic bladder (NGB) is common in daily urological practice; however, information on types of urological complications encountered in army and veterans are not under strict surveillance and little is known to them about the best way to manage the condition. This observational study aimed to determine the types of urological complications encountered in regular soldiers and veterans with traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) with NGB, and the usage of bladder management programs to deal with NGB.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the charts and records of interviewed patients with SCI in our urology clinic. Demographic data collected included: age, gender, mode of injury and level of spinal injury. Also noted were episodes of urinary tract infection (UTI), renal lesions, and bladder program followed.Results: The mean age of our study sample (N= 63) was 40± 10.8 years and all were male. Age at onset of injury was 33.8 ± 16.6 years and duration since SCI insult was 90.6 ± 54 months. Symptomatic urinary tract infection (75%), chronic cystitis (53.3%), hydro-nephrosis (36.5%) and urinary bladder calculi (33.3%) were the common urological lesion observed.  Indwelling Foley’s catheterization methods of urinary bladder management in 54% study population where urinary tract infection is more common (p<0.05).Conclusion: Urinary tract infection, hydro-nephrosis and Urinary bladder calculi were the most common urological complications encountered in army and veterans with NGB. Indwelling Foley’s catheter was the most frequently used bladder management program with the higher risk for UTI.
Effect of Age, Gender, Side and Impaction Types on Surgical Difficulty During Mandibular Third Molar Extraction.
Authors: Bhuju Krishna Gopal , Shrestha Sujita , Karki Riwaj , Aryal Sameer
Published: April 2018

Aim: To study the effect of age, gender, side and impaction types on surgical difficulty during mandibular third molar extraction through the data collected over a period of one year by single maxillofacial surgeon. All the extractions were performed under the same environment and conditions.Methods: Descriptive clinical study of 401 patients was carried out between the ages of 16 to 45years. Age, gender, impaction side and impaction types (according to the winter classification) were recorded on proforma. Duration of surgery for each patient was recorded after starting incision to the completion of suture which was divided into less than 10 minutes (mild), 11 to 20 minutes (moderate) and above 21 minutes (severe). Pearson’s Chi-square test was used for data analysis and significance level was less than or equal to 0.05.Results: Among 401 participants, 225 (56.1%) were male and 176 (43.9%) were female. Mean age was 31.5 years and mean operation time was 17.59 minutes. After statistical analysis there was a significant correlation among gender and side of impaction where p value is 0.043 0.048 respectively.Conclusion: There is a statistically significant correlation between gender and side of impaction with duration of surgery which is considered as the objective measure of surgical difficulty whereas age and impaction types didn’t show any significant correlation.
Facebook as a Digital Public Sphere: Processes of Colonization and Emancipation
Authors: Valtysson Bjarki
Published: April 2018

In this article, Facebook, as a communicative space, is treated as a public sphere in order to identify processes of colonization and emancipation. The analysis focuses on Facebook’s communicative-structural contexts, in particular from the viewpoint of user terms, user manoeuvre, privacy/data use policy, and ownership and use of uploaded material. The analysis is also based on qualitative data from Danish Facebook users, where the focus was on the users’ motivation and use, their perceptions of ownership and consumerism, as well as their views on the public/private distinction that Facebook allows for/commands for. Theoretically, the article is grounded in Jürgen Habermas’ various writings on the public sphere, as well as ‘digital adaptations’ to his theory. When looked upon from the communicative-structural contexts, processes of colonization are apparent, particularly in the various grey zones identified in Facebook’s privacy/data use policy, its state-ments of rights and responsibilities and in the fashion in which users are treated as consumers. Even though the Danish Facebook users identified with this, they still conceive of Facebook as being an emancipative communicative space, as they prioritize different features of Facebook, namely networking, practical organisation, maintaining friendships, and leisure.
New Marxian Times! Reflections on the 4th ICTs and Society Conference “Critique, Democracy and Philosophy in 21st Century Information Society. Towards Critical Theories of Social Media”.
Authors: Fuchs Christian
Published: April 2018

This paper presents reflections on the conference “Critique, Democracy and Philosophy in 21st Century Information Society. Towards Critical Theories of the Information Society” that took place at Uppsala University from May 2nd-4th, 2012. About 160 participants attended the conference. It featured 15 plenary talks in seven sessions, 15 paper presentation sessions organised in 5 slots that each had 3 parallel sessions. The conference was financially supported by the Swedish Research Council and organised by Uppsala University’s Department of Informatics and Media, the ICTs and Society Network (http://www.icts-and-society.net), the European Sociological Association’s Research Network 18: Sociology of Communications and Media Research (http://www.europeansociology.org/research-networks/rn18-sociology-of-communications-and-media-research.html), tripleC – Open Access Journal for a Global Sustainable Information Society (http://www.triple-c.at), the Unified Theory of Information Research Group (UTI), Aarhus University’s Department of Information and Media Studies, the Vienna University of Technology’s Institute for Design & Assessment of Technology, and Jönköping University’s  School of Education and Communication.
Marx is Back, But Which One? On Knowledge Labour and Media Practice
Authors: Mosco Vincent
Published: April 2018

The global economic crisis has led to a resurgence of interest in the work of Karl Marx. This paper acknowledges this interest, but asks on which of the many shades of Marx, communication scholars should be focusing their research attention. The most general answer is all of Marx, from the early work on consciousness, ideology and culture, which has informed critical cultural studies through to the later work on the structure and dynamics of capitalism that provides bedrock for the political economy of communication. But there is particular need for communication scholars to pay more attention to work that does not fit so neatly in either of these foci, namely, Marx of the Grundrisse and Marx, the professional journalist. Communication scholars need to do so because we have paid insufficient attention to labour in the communication, cultural and knowledge industries. The Marx of these two streams of work provides important guidance for what I have called the labouring of communication as well as for addressing general problems in communication theory.
Introduction: Marx is Back – The Importance of Marxist Theory and Research for Critical Communication Studies Today
Authors: Fuchs Christian , Mosco Vincent
Published: April 2018

This paper introduces the overall framework for tripleC’s special issue “Marx is Back. The Importance of Marxist Theory and Research for Critical Communication Studies Today”. We point out why there is a return of the interest in Marx (“Marx is back”) and why Marxian analysis is important for Critical Communication Studies today. We also provide a classification of Marxian dimensions of the critical analysis of media and communication and discuss why commonly held prejudices against what Marx said about society, media, and communication are wrong. The special issue shows the importance of Marxist theory and research for Critical Communication Studies today.
Review of the Book “Digital Labor: The Internet as Playground and Factory”, Edited by Trebor Scholz
Authors: Sevignani Sebastian
Published: April 2018

This article is a review of the collected volume Digital Labor: The Internet as Playground and Factory, edited by Trebor Scholz (2013) and published by Routledge, New York. The author introduces the articles, discusses them briefly, and gives an overall evaluation of the book.
Wedging Equity and Environmental Justice into the Discourse on Sustainability
Authors: Gandy, Jr. Oscar H.
Published: April 2018

This paper examines the problems and prospects for including meaningful indicators of intragenrational equity into the city based regional planning efforts unfolding around the globe. The central focus of the paper is on the challenges that environmental justice (EJ) activists face as they attempt to frame the problem of equity in ways that the general public would see as not only informative, but compelling. After reviewing examples of successful efforts to reframe debates about equity, the paper concludes with a discussion of a set of EJ concerns and indicators that have the greatest potential for capturing public attention and commitment despite mounting resistance to the use of redistributive policies in support of sustainability goals.
Aunty and Her Little Villains: The BBC and the Unions, 1969-1984
Authors: McNicholas Anthony
Published: April 2018

This article charts industrial relations in BBC television from 1969-84. It is based upon extensive archival research of material not previously available, and witness seminars and interviews with some of the protagonists. This was a period which saw a rise in industrial militancy at the BBC, signalled by the first ‘lightning’ strikes in the BBC’s history in 1969 and ending with a strike in the scenic services department in 1984, in the course of which BBC TV went off the air for twenty four hours but BBC management reasserted its control. In the intervening period, some groups of workers were able to secure advantageous terms and conditions for themselves, to the frustration of both management and the main BBC union, the Association of Broadcasting Staff (ABS). This article offers a detailed and nuanced analysis of industrial relations at an important British cultural institution in a turbulent period of its history.
“Cutting through the Clutter” and Other Big Data Promises: A Review of Mark Andrejevic’s “Infoglut”
Authors: Trottier Daniel
Published: April 2018

This article is a review of Mark Andrejevic’s (2013) book “Infoglut”.
Open Access Publishing as a Para-Academic Proposition: OA as Labour Relation
Authors: Boshears Paul F
Published: April 2018

In this commentary, I ask what is meant by the phrase Open Access (OA)? If OA publishing has emancipatory potential for the publics that are thought to benefit from the practice, why is there so much business as usual? Para-academic practices are about affirming scholarship as a symptom and creating a common good, creating a public knowledge that is a knowledgable public. It is because OA shares this concern for publics that para-academic practices include OA publishing. By debating the merits of, experimenting with, and invigorating our understanding of OA I believe para-academic practices become more apparently necessary because ultimately OA, like Academia, is haunted by the figure of the public as an already-formed thing.
Jacques Ellul’s “Anti-Democratic Economy:” Persuading Citizens and Consumers in the Information Society
Authors: Alves Artur Matos
Published: April 2018

Jacques Ellul's thoughts on the increasingly conspicuous role of persuasion techniques bring to the fore the persuasive and normative effects of new communication techniques at the core of contemporary consumer/citizen culture, as well as the limits of that instrumental stance towards mediated human communication. By drawing insights from authors who shared some of Ellul's concerns, such as Frankfurt School theorists, Vance Packard and Ivan Illich, this paper explores this “normative invasion” of human life by technique as a feature of contemporary information technology politics, specifically in (1) the historical context of normative and material technological colonization, and (2) the intertwining of propaganda and information warfare in the current reshaping of information politics.
Veblen 2.0: Neoliberal Games of Social Capital and the Attention Economy as Conspicuous Consumption
Authors: Faucher Kane Xavier
Published: April 2018

The purpose of this article will be in reading acts of prosumer behaviour in social networking environments through a Veblenian lens, supported in part by the post-Marxist insights of Guy Debord, especially with respect to the issue of celebrity emulation, conspicuous leisure as constructed by the labour of profile management and promiscuous online interactivity, and acts of status enhancement or aggrandizement. Such a discussion must be set in the current context of the normative frame of neoliberal ideology which champions the values of the entrepreneurial self, devolved competitiveness as a form of - in this case social rather than strictly economic - neo-Darwinism, and the touted virtues of speed and connectivity. Ultimately, it is our hope to link these conspicuous online practices to the ideological framework to demonstrate how prosumption plays an integral role in the quantification of the social economy as expressed as “social capital.” In order to achieve these objectives, strict and operational definitions of prosumption, conspicuity in the Veblenian literature, and neoliberalism will be required. The line between social and economic capital is not a definitive one, and that the behaviours and motives associated with increasing social capital may be weighted more to the individual and influenced by neoliberal values that recode the social as derivative of the economic.
The Ideological Reproduction: (Free) Labouring and (Social) Working within Digital Landscapes
Authors: Briziarelli Marco
Published: April 2018

The present paper explores the role of (neo-)liberal ideology in reproducing digital labour. Drawing on Terranova’s concept of “free labour”, and Fuchs and Sevignani’s distinction between “work” and “labour”, the author claims that theorization of Web 2.0 practices requires the exploration of ideology as a material force and a contradictory phenomenon. More specifically, the paper considers the capability of ideology to mediate between the valorization and exploitation of user-generated content and the utopian thrust that re-signifies unpaid labour into apparently engaged practices resonating with liberal ideology. In the last section, the paper takes Facebook as an exemplification of such an ideological synthesis of exploitative and normative aspects.
DOWNLOAD THE ENTIRE SPECIAL ISSUE: Philosophers of the World Unite! Theorising Digital Labour and Virtual Work - Definitions, Dimensions and Forms
Authors: Marisol Sandoval, Christian Fuchs, et al Editors:
Published: April 2018

This special issue of tripleC: Communication, Capitalism & Critique aims to contribute to building a theoretical framework for the critical analysis of digital labour, virtual work, and related concepts that can initiate further debates, inform empirical studies, and inspire social struggles connected to work and labour in and beyond digital capitalism. The papers collected in this special issue (a) provide systematic definitions of digital labour, (b) analyse its specific dimension, and (c) discuss different forms of digital labour.Theorising digital labour, as labour that produces or makes use of digital technologies, can help to understand its problems, limits, potentials, and contradictions. It can therefore highlight the need for social change and inspire political action. However, the act of freeing digital technology from being an instrument for the domination of labour requires to go beyond just interpreting the world and to engage in social struggles that want to change it.Acknowledgement: This special issue has been published in the context of the EU COST Action IS1202 Dynamics of Virtual Work, http://dynamicsofvirtualwork.com/Cover image: By Jonny White (G20 April 1st) [CC-BY-2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0)], via Wikimedia Commons