bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Decoding ChatGPT: Basis premier to get insight into conversational Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Madli Faerozh , Janin Yuzainy , Wahab Mat Salleh @ Salleh , Sondoh Stephen Laison , Lada Suddin , Gulabdin Shaierah , Riyard Kiflee Ag Kaifah , Lasuin Charlie Albert
Published: September 2024

The contemporary landscape witnesses a rapid evolution in the utilization of Artificial Intelligence (AI), observable across diverse sectors and industries. One of the most widely recognized AI technologies is ChatGPT. Like other AI-based technologies, ChatGPT is extensively used in various applications at both individual and organizational levels. However, what is concerning is the trend of using ChatGPT technology without understanding its fundamentals. Therefore, this study focuses on unraveling the basic knowledge of this highly advanced platform, ChatGPT. The findings of this study are benefiting many parties, especially individuals interested in using this platform. These benefits are not only limited to the community but also contribute to the body of knowledge by providing insights into the fundamental aspects of this platform. The study's positive outcomes will contribute to forming a community layer with a deeper understanding of ChatGPT and improved readiness prior to its utilization.
The Impact of Olaparib on Metabolic Pathways in Triple Negative Breast Cancer: A Bioinformatics Approach
Authors: Hekmatshoar Yalda
Published: September 2024

Aim: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive subtype of breast cancer (BC) characterized by the lacking estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors, and HER2 expression, making it challenging to treat with targeted therapies. Olaparib, a PARP inhibitor, has shown promise in treating TNBC, particularly in patients with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations. This study aims to elucidate the metabolic pathways affected by olaparib in TNBC using bioinformatics analysis.
Material and Method: For bioinformatics analysis, mRNA microarray data of control MDA-MB-468 cells (non-treated) and OlaR MDA-MB-468 (3μM olaparib-treated MDA-MB-468 cells) with the study numbered GSE165914 were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. GEO2R was used to analyze and identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto gene and genome encyclopedia (KEGG) analysis were carried out for DEGs to determine significant genes and the biological pathways influenced by olaparib treatment. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis further identified key proteins and interactions within these pathways.
Results: For GEO2R analysis adjusted P-value1.0 were selected. The results revealed the upregulation of 2277 genes and downregulation of 2298 genes in olaparib-treated cells compared to the controls. It was reported that DEGs enriched in pathways including, metabolic pathways, pathways in cancer, chemical carcinogenesis - reactive oxygen species, cell cycle, autophagy - animal, Efferocytosis and TNF signaling pathway. Both upregulated and downregulated DEGs were associated with metabolic pathways. Moreover, NDUFA5, NDUFA6, NDUFS6, NDUFB3, NDUFB10, NDUFB7, NDUFA7, NDUFA9, H2AC8, H2AC13, H2AC17, H4C11, H4C12, H2BC12, H2BC21 and H2BC4 were identified as the most significant candidate genes.
Conclusion: This comprehensive bioinformatics approach provides insights into the molecular mechanisms of olaparib's action and identifies potential targets for combination therapies to enhance treatment efficacy in breast cancer.
Optimization of LightGBM for Song Suggestion Based on Users’ Preferences
Authors: Mintemur Ömer
Published: September 2024

Undoubtedly, music possesses the transformative ability to instantly influence an individual's mood. In the era of the incessant flow of substantial data, novel music compositions surface on an hourly basis. It is impossible to know for an individual whether he/she will like the song or not before listening. Moreover, an individual cannot keep up with this flow. However, with the help of Machine Learning (ML) techniques, this process can be eased. In this study, a novel dataset is presented, and song suggestion problem was treated as a binary classification problem. Unlike other datasets, the presented dataset is solely based on users' preferences, indicating the likeness of a song as specified by the user. The LightGBM algorithm, along with two other ML algorithms, Extra Tree and Random Forest, is selected for comparison. These algorithms were optimized using three swarm-based optimization algorithms: Grey Wolf, Whale, and Particle Swarm optimizers. Results indicated that the attributes of the new dataset effectively discriminated the likeness of songs. Furthermore, the LightGBM algorithm demonstrated superior performance compared to the other ML algorithms employed in this study.
Classification of Quality Defects using Multivariate Control Chart with Ensemble Machine Learning Model
Authors: Demircioğlu Diren Deniz , Boran Semra
Published: September 2024

Multivariate control charts enable to monitor processes affected by more than one variable. But, when the process is out of control, it cannot detect which variable is causing it. It is an important requirement to know which variables in the process need corrective actions. In this study, a machine learning-based model is proposed to predict the variable/s that make the process out of control. For this purpose, ensemble algorithms, which are known to have higher prediction performance than single algorithms, were preferred. Because it is aimed to determine the variable(s) that cause the process to be out of control in the most accurate way. It is thought that a classification model in which ensemble algorithms are used together can increase the prediction accuracy. The model, which has not been encountered before in a quality control problem, was applied to a real problem and 98.06% classification accuracy was achieved. Another benefit is that it can predict the variable/variables that make the process uncontrolled without the need for multivariate control charts.
A Qualitative Research on the Support of Family Care for the Elderly with Dementia -Focusing on family caregivers at home in Jeju area-
Authors: Ko Kwan Woo , Kim Do Young
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study is to provide foundational data for developing effective support measures based on the caregiving experiences of families caring for dementia patients in the local community. To achieve this, a Focus Group Interview (FGI) was conducted with 20 families caring for dementia patients from July 27th to 29th, 2023. The analysis revealed the following results: From the FGI analysis, three top-level categories and 22 sub-categories were identified. The categories include reasons for caregiving at home, realities of family caregiving, and necessary services and policies for family caregiving. Sub-categories under “reasons for caregiving at home” include caregiving at home due to facility refusal, among others. Under “realities of family caregiving,” sub-categories encompass crises experienced while caregiving at home (such as difficulties in addressing basic hygiene issues like urinary and fecal incontinence), positive aspects of family caregiving (such as the emotional stability of dementia patients and caregiver pride), and dementia patient caregiving-related information (such as caregivers seeking individual caregiving-related information). Under “necessary services and policies for family caregiving,” sub-categories include services and policies to alleviate family caregiving burdens (such as the desire for an expansion of family care allowance hours) and expansion of support for dementia patient family caregiving (such as recognition of caregiving efforts, caregiver leave, side dish services, provision of welfare services for caregivers like psychological support programs). In light of the research findings, recommendations for support measures focusing on family caregiving for dementia patients are proposed.
Erinnerungen an meine ersten Jahre als Junglehrerin (1937–1939)
Authors: Wesser Meta , Reble Albert
Published: September 2024

In ihrem autobiografischen Bericht Erinnerungen an meine ersten Jahre als Junglehrerin (1937-1939) reflektiert Meta Wesser ihre ersten beruflichen Erfahrungen im Kontext des nationalsozialistischen
Deutschlands. Sie schildert die Herausforderungen und Widrigkeiten, die sie als junge Lehrerin in ländlichen Gebieten Oldenburgs erlebte, darunter unzureichende Bezahlung, provisorische Arbeitsverhältnisse und
politische Spannungen. Wessers Erinnerungen bieten wertvolle Einblicke in die damaligen Arbeitsbedingungen, insbesondere die Diskriminierung von Frauen im Lehrberuf und die autoritären, ideologisch geprägten
Strukturen des Bildungssystems. Trotz der Schwierigkeiten bewahrt sie eine gewisse Leichtigkeit und Dankbarkeit für ihre Erfahrungen, die von persönlicher Resilienz und Anpassungsfähigkeit zeugen
Reporting Verbs in Academic Writing: A Case Study of MPhil Theses at the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi Ghana
Authors: Owusu Collins Junior , Broohm Obed Nii
Published: September 2024

This study analyzes the types of reporting verbs employed in the literature review chapters of Master of Philosophy theses from the Agriculture, English and Mathematics departments at the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Ghana. The mixed method technique was employed for data collection. Using both purposive and simple random sampling, forty-five (45) Master of Philosophy (MPhil) theses constituted the study’s dataset. Employing a descriptive, content, and inductive analysis, the study found that discourse act verbs, research act verbs, and cognitive acts verbs were all used in the literature review chapters of MPhil theses in Mathematics, English and Agriculture. Overall, it was observed that the verbs were employed in varying degrees and that reporting verb usage is a discourse-defined attribute, influenced by the idiosyncrasies of the discipline in question. The contribution of this study lies in the light it throws on the usefulness of reporting verbs in research works and how reporting verbs ought to be selected carefully. The study also contributes to the body of knowledge on academic discourse in general, and particularly on citation and reporting verbs in Africa. Finally, the study also has pedagogic implications since it highlights the need for more emphasis on the nuances of reporting verbs in teaching Research Methods to (post-graduate) students.

Keywords: Reporting Verbs, Academic Writing, Thesis, Genre
Efficient Point-spread Function Modeling with ShOpt.jl: A Point-spread Function Benchmarking Study with JWST NIRCam Imaging
Authors: Berman Edward M. , McCleary Jacqueline E. , Koekemoer Anton M. , Franco Maximilien , Drakos Nicole E. , Liu Daizhong , Nightingale James W. , Shuntov Marko , Scognamiglio Diana , Massey Richard , Mahler Guillaume , McCracken Henry Joy , Robertson Brant E. , Faisst Andreas L. , Casey Caitlin M. , Kartaltepe Jeyhan S. ,   COSMOS-Web: The JWST Cosmic Origins Survey
Published: September 2024

With their high angular resolutions of 30–100 mas, large fields of view, and complex optical systems, imagers on next-generation optical/near-infrared space observatories, such as the Near-Infrared Camera (NIRCam) on the James Webb Space Telescope, present new opportunities for science and also new challenges for empirical point-spread function (PSF) characterization. In this context, we introduce ShOpt, a new PSF fitting tool developed in Julia and designed to bridge the advanced features of PSFs in the full field of view (PIFF) with the computational efficiency of PSF Extractor (PSFEx). Along with ShOpt, we propose a suite of nonparametric statistics suitable for evaluating PSF fit quality in space-based imaging. Our study benchmarks ShOpt against the established PSF fitters PSFEx and PIFF using real and simulated COSMOS-Web Survey imaging. We assess their respective PSF model fidelity with our proposed diagnostic statistics and investigate their computational efficiencies, focusing on their processing speed relative to the complexity and size of the PSF models. We find that ShOpt can already achieve PSF model fidelity comparable to PSFEx and PIFF while maintaining competitive processing speeds, constructing PSF models for large NIRCam mosaics within minutes.
Detecting Quasiperiodic Pulsations in Solar and Stellar Flares with a Neural Network
Authors: Belov Sergey A. , Kolotkov Dmitrii Y. , Nakariakov Valery M. , Broomhall Anne-Marie
Published: September 2024

Quasiperiodic pulsations (QPP) are often detected in solar and stellar flare lightcurves. These events may contain valuable information about the underlying fundamental plasma dynamics as they are not described by the standard flare model. The detection of QPP signals in flare lightcurves is hindered by their intrinsically nonstationary nature, contamination by noise, and the continuously increasing number of flare observations. Hence, the creation of automated techniques for QPP detection is imperative. We implemented the fully convolution network (FCN) architecture to classify the flare lightcurves depending on whether they have exponentially decaying harmonic QPP or not. To train the FCN, 90,000 synthetic flare lightcurves with and without QPP were generated. After training, it showed an accuracy of 87.2% on the synthetic test data and did not experience overfitting. To test the FCN performance on real data, we used the subset of stellar flare lightcurves observed by Kepler, with strong evidence of decaying QPP identified hitherto with other methods. Then, the FCN was applied to find QPP in a larger-scale Kepler flare catalogue comprised of 2274 events, resulting in a 7% QPP detection rate with a probability above 95%. The FCN, implemented in Python, is accessible through a browser application with a user-friendly graphical interface and detailed installation and usage guide. The obtained results demonstrate that the developed FCN performs well and successfully detects exponentially decaying harmonic QPP in real flare data, and can be used as a tool for preliminary sifting of the QPP events of this type in future large-scale observational surveys.
Discovery of Limb Brightening in the Parsec-scale Jet of NGC 315 through Global Very Long Baseline Interferometry Observations and Its Implications for Jet Models
Authors: Park Jongho , Zhao Guang-Yao , Nakamura Masanori , Mizuno Yosuke , Pu Hung-Yi , Asada Keiichi , Takahashi Kazuya , Toma Kenji , Kino Motoki , Cho Ilje , Hada Kazuhiro , Edwards Phil G. , Ro Hyunwook , Kam Minchul , Yi Kunwoo , Lee Yunjeong , Koyama Shoko , Byun Do-Young , Phillips Chris , Reynolds Cormac , Hodgson Jeffrey A. , Lee Sang-Sung
Published: September 2024

We report the first observation of the nearby giant radio galaxy NGC 315 using a global very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) array consisting of 22 radio antennas located across five continents, including high-sensitivity stations, at 22 GHz. Utilizing the extensive u
v-coverage provided by the array, coupled with the application of a recently developed superresolution imaging technique based on the regularized maximum-likelihood method, we were able to transversely resolve the NGC 315 jet at parsec scales for the first time. Previously known for its central ridge-brightened morphology at similar scales in former VLBI studies, the jet now clearly exhibits a limb-brightened structure. This finding suggests an inherent limb brightening that was not observable before due to limited angular resolution. Considering that the jet is viewed at an angle of ∼50°, the observed limb brightening is challenging to reconcile with the magnetohydrodynamic models and simulations, which predict that the Doppler-boosted jet edges should dominate over the nonboosted central layer. The conventional jet model that proposes a fast spine and a slow sheath with uniform transverse emissivity may pertain to our observations. However, in this model, the relativistic spine would need to travel at speeds of Γ ≳ 6.0–12.9 along the deprojected jet distance of (2.3–10.8) × 103 gravitational radii from the black hole. We propose an alternative scenario that suggests higher emissivity at the jet boundary layer, resulting from more efficient particle acceleration or mass loading onto the jet edges, and consider prospects for future observations with even higher angular resolution.
Coordinating Digitization and Trait Data Mobilization Across California Herbaria: The Importance of Resourced Support People
Authors: Pearson Katelin , Yost Jenn , Gilbert Edward
Published: September 2024

The California Phenology Network was a National Science Foundation-funded project that energized herbaria across California, U.S.A. to digitize and mobilize herbarium specimen data from 2018–2023. This community built their digitization workflows around a new, shared data commons: the Consortium of California Herbaria's "CCH2" Symbiota portal, which enabled the collections to efficiently share, transcribe, and georeference their specimen data across a distributed network, even during COVID-19-related shutdowns. As a result, the CCH2 portal now hosts 4.9 million occurrences, including 2.2 million images, for 90 collections, 53 of which continue to use CCH2 as their primary data management platform. The project also mobilized phenological trait data for 1.6 million records, creating a large dataset of flowering times across time and space. The success of this network is due to many factors, including active leadership, common but customizable workflows and protocols, a central data management platform, and robust community connections fostered by in-person meetings. In particular, we found that having a small, knowledgeable support team available to provide a personal gateway into a complicated data ecosystem, answer questions in a timely manner, troubleshoot, and do some of the tedious legwork (e.g., data preparation, adjustment of protocols, setting up software), helped to reduce barriers and maintain digitization momentum, especially as collection capacity varied across institutions. This model informed design of the Symbiota Support Hub, a small but currently well-resourced team that has greatly benefited the Symbiota user community. In this talk, we emphasize the finding that resourced, relatively lean teams of expert support people shared by a network of users can have an outsized impact on creating a sustainable open ecosystem of digital biodiversity data. We suggest that organizations explore ways of coordinating shared funding to provision such cross-network human resources in the future.
Cultivating change: A review of progressive technologies in weed detection and management
Authors: Christinal Infanta S. , Selvakumar T. , Ragavan T. , Sathya Sheela K. R. V. , Bharathi C.
Published: September 2024

Weed infestation poses a critical challenge to sustainable agriculture, leading to significant crop yield losses and escalating the use of chemical herbicides, which contribute to environmental degradation and health risks. One of the most pressing issues in weed management is the declining effectiveness of traditional weed control methods, which struggle to keep pace with the growing global food demands and the challenges posed by an anticipated population of 10 billion by 2050. The focus is on Precision Weed Management (PWM), emphasizing cutting-edge technologies such as computer vision, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), GPS-controlled patch spraying, laser treatments, and autonomous weeding robots. Computer vision, employing image processing and deep learning, emerges as a key player in automated weed detection, challenging traditional herbicide methods. UAVs equipped with advanced sensors facilitate high-resolution weed mapping, allowing for timely interventions. Laser and thermal treatments showcase targeted and efficient weed control, while autonomous weeding robots exemplify a hands-free, precise approach. The integration of these technologies not only promises enhanced productivity but also signifies a sustainable and environmentally conscious shift in global agriculture. The article highlights the limitations of traditional weed control methods and underscores the potential of emerging technologies to revolutionize weed management, offering precise, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly solutions.
Avant la Loi… la miséricorde. Ce que Jésus a écrit en Jn 8, 2-11
Authors: Vidalin Antoine
Published: September 2024

En Jn 8, 2-11, Jésus s’est baissé pour écrire sur le sol une inscription que l’évangile de Jean ne nous révèle pas. À la suite de l’exégèse la plus récente, on reçoit ici ce texte d’un point de vue historique et aussi dans son contexte évangélique en replaçant l’épisode dans le mouvement global du texte évangélique et en serrant de près les enjeux de la discussion sur le rapport à la Loi et à Moïse. Il en va du rapport de la justice à la miséricorde.
Les marqueurs du statut oxydant et vieillissement
Authors: Ducastel Morgane , Borderie Didier
Published: September 2024

Le stress oxydant, qui résulte d’un déséquilibre entre la production d’espèces réactives de l’oxygène (ERO) et les défenses antioxydantes, est aujourd’hui reconnu comme un acteur clé impliqué dans les mécanismes de vieillissement. Ainsi, au cours du vieillissement, une accumulation cellulaire et plasmatique de produits d’oxydation de macromolécules couplée à une diminution des défenses antioxydantes s’opère. Les cliniciens souhaitent maintenant pouvoir évaluer le stress oxydant et assurer une prise en charge thérapeutique. Il est souhaitable de choisir un panel de biomarqueurs en combinant des marqueurs d’oxydation avec des paramètres de mesure des défenses antioxydantes. Toutefois, la détermination et l’interprétation de ces biomarqueurs ne sont pas toujours aisées, car la supplémentation alimentaire en antioxydants conduit, selon les études, à des résultats contradictoires. L’évaluation du statut oxydant en biologie clinique reste donc réservée à des laboratoires spécialisés.
Bactéries Hautement Résistantes et émergentes (BHRe) : dépistage rapide du portage
Authors: Danjean Maxime , Sakr Céline , Decousser Jean-Winoc
Published: September 2024

La lutte contre la diffusion des bactéries multirésistantes aux antibiotiques (BMR) passe par le bon usage des antibiotiques et la prévention de la transmission croisée. En France, cette dernière mesure a été standardisée par plusieurs textes réglementaires concernant les bactéries hautement résistantes et émergentes (BHRe), caractérisées par une résistance génétiquement transférable aux antibiotiques de dernière ligne, un réservoir digestif, et un pouvoir épidémiogène. Les patients potentiellement porteurs doivent faire l’objet de précautions complémentaires de type contact et être dépistés, au risque de générer des patients « contacts » devant à leur tour être dépistés et parfois mis aussi en précautions complémentaires. Concernant le dépistage, le délai d'obtention des résultats des cultures d’échantillons biologiques (écouvillonnages rectaux) sur un milieu sélectif varie de 24 à 48 heures, alors que les techniques par PCR réalisées directement sur ceux-ci permettent d’obtenir un résultat en moins de 2 heures. Les kits commerciaux ciblent parfaitement à ce jour les supports génétiques de la résistance importés en France. Contrairement à leur excellente sensibilité, leur spécificité est imparfaite notamment pour les entérocoques résistants à la vancomycine. Leur automatisation quasi complète permet une réalisation 7 jours sur 7, et au mieux 24 heures sur 24. Comme pour toutes les analyses, leur performance est sensible à la qualité du prélèvement du produit biologique. Utilisées dans le cadre des recommandations officielles, ces PCR ciblant les BHRe sont théoriquement économiquement rentables. L’élargissement de leur panel aux nouveaux microorganismes émergents ( Candida auris, Acinetobacter baumannii résistant aux carbapénèmes…) est souhaitable.
Botulisme humain et animal : regards croisés
Authors: Mazuet Christelle , Delvallez Gauthier , Le Maréchal Caroline
Published: September 2024

Le botulisme est une maladie neurologique humaine et animale résultant de l’action des toxines botuliques produites par Clostridium botulinum et, plus rarement, par d’autres espèces de clostridies. Cette maladie, bien qu’exceptionnelle chez l’Homme, reste une préoccupation en santé publique et surveillée par les autorités de santé en raison de sa gravité. Chaque année en France, le botulisme animal est à l’origine de foyers dans les élevages bovins et aviaires, ainsi que dans l’avifaune sauvage, pouvant entraîner de fortes mortalités et des pertes économiques majeures pour les élevages atteints. Alors que les botulismes humain et animal partagent des caractéristiques communes, telles que la paralysie flasque liée à l’action de la neurotoxine, leurs manifestations cliniques, leur épidémiologie et leurs mécanismes pathogéniques diffèrent. Comprendre ces variations est crucial pour élaborer des stratégies de prévention, de diagnostic et de traitement efficaces et adaptées. Cette revue vise à examiner de manière comparative les aspects épidémiologiques, cliniques, diagnostiques et thérapeutiques des botulismes humain et animal en s’appuyant sur les données de la littérature.
Le Fonds des accidents médicaux : bilan et perspectives
Authors: Muylaert Paul
Published: September 2024

La loi du 31 mars 2010 qui organise en Belgique, le Fonds des accidents médicaux n’a manifestement pas atteint son objectif. La lenteur administrative et le concept restrictif du dommage anormal détourne les victimes de cette procédure administrative. Une réforme fondamentale s’impose.
Exploring the Accuracy and Readability of ChatGPT in Providing Information to Patients With Keratoconus
Authors: Assayag Elishai , Zadok David , Berkovitz Liron , Weill Yishay
Published: September 2024

Patients with keratoconus may lack sufficient understanding of their illness. The authors assessed the accuracy and readability of ChatGPT (OpenAI) responses to common questions regarding keratoconus and found that the provided data are precise, with minor inaccuracies. The complexity of responses requires a high reading level, which may be unsuitable for many patients.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2024;61(5):e43–e46.]
Michael Hansmeyer's Algorithmic Architecture: The Transformative Impact of 3D Printing on Architectural Design and Education
Authors: Fernández Blanco Susana , Madrid Javier Alonso
Published: September 2024

This study examines how 3D printing and computational design alter traditional architecture, focusing mainly on Michael Hansmeyer’s architectural concepts. The study’s main challenge is understanding how digital technologies have changed architectural practices. This study aims to clarify how additive manufacturing and algorithmic design can revolutionize traditional construction methods and architectural design concepts. This study’s foundation was a thorough examination of scholarly journals, books, and conference proceedings that discuss the intersection of 3D printing and computational design in the architectural discipline. However, the study’s distinctive significance comes from the interview with Hansmeyer rather than analyzing the body of previous material. The study’s objectives include promoting sustainable practices, enabling customization, and increasing design complexity. This study aims to forecast the future role of digital fabrication in architecture, highlight the reinvention of architectural education, and push the creative frontiers of the field.
Looking into Students’ Cognitive Processes in an Online Collaborative Learning Environment
Authors: Díaz-Chang Tamara , Arredondo Elizabeth-H
Published: September 2024

The primary aim of this study was to examine how students’ cognitive interactions in an online collaborative environment influence the formation and recognition processes of unconscious cognitive mechanisms appearing in the learning of mathematical concepts at the university level. The data analyzed was collected from a population of undergraduate students. The implemented methodology was supported by a qualitative approach. The study occurred in two phases: in the first phase, students answered three questionnaires, and in the second phase, stimulated recall interviews involving the verbalization of the cognitive processes were conducted retrospectively through the online collaborative environment provided by Zoom. The selection of pairs of students participating in these interviews was made after analyzing their responses, considering their richness in terms of differences and variations. Through the study, rich insights were gained into the cognitive processes examined. The analysis showed metacognitive processes through which students’ unconscious misconceptions were examined through self-reflection on previously acquired inadequate schemas. Cognitive and metacognitive interactions during the interviews progressively led to an adequate understanding of mathematical concepts. The findings confirm the results of a similar study that states stimulated recall data gathered in collaborative environments could be useful in revealing relatively higher-level cognitive and metacognitive processes.
Hybrid Approach Using Multi-Relational Weighted Matrix Factorization (WMRMF) and Cohen’s Kappa (Sk) to Refine Educational Items Clustering
Authors: Gono Denon Arthur Richmond , Kouame Appoh , Brou Konan Marcellin , Goore Bi Tra
Published: September 2024

In the context of adopting the competency-based approach (CBA) as a new teaching methodology in sub-Saharan countries, and particularly in Côte d’Ivoire, the development of learning content that is aligned with the economic, socio-cultural, and scientific needs of society is of paramount importance. Educational experts have therefore proposed competencies and associated tasks for educational programs. However, these learning contents often face issues of task redundancy. The present paper aims to address this problem by proposing a hybrid approach to educational item clustering, combining weighted multi-relational matrix factorization (WMRMF) and Cohen’s Kappa (Sk) techniques (Sk-WMRMF). This approach takes into account not only student performance and achievements but also a novel reflexive relationship, “tasks-require–tasks”. To evaluate the Sk-WMRMF approach, we conducted a survey among students in general secondary schools in Côte d’Ivoire. With an accepted task redundancy threshold of 0.185, an RMSE score of 0.198, and an improvement rate of 90.47% in the “tasks–skills” mapping, the results demonstrate that Sk-WMRMF enhances the elaboration of “task-skill” mappings. This not only improves learning content but also facilitates the updating of curricula in accordance with the CBA approach.
Enhancing Student Engagement: Technology Acceptance in Higher Education During Covid-19
Authors: Peiris Manesha , Ferrazza Alessandro , Tharindi Donmanige Thamosha
Published: September 2024

COVID-19 has caused institutions across the sector to transition from conventional teaching and learning environments into virtual environments. Amidst this paradigm shift, academics have adopted a range of technology-based strategies to support the online learner. However, low attendance, engagement, and participation continue to challenge the execution of eLearning across the higher education (HE) sector. Within this narrative, there has been an interest in understanding the acceptance and adoption of technologies in education from the learners’ perspective. As a result, there has been an increased focus on technology acceptance models as a theoretical lens to unpack attitudes and beliefs relating to eLearning. Motivated by these environmental shifts, this study aims to capture themes and perspectives considered in educational literature worldwide to present future considerations for studied and practitioners as we emerge from the pandemic. By systematically reviewing global educational literature, the study aims to provide valuable insights and future considerations for both studied and practitioners as the HE sectors transitions out of the pandemic. The study is guided by the central study question: What influences the learners’ acceptance and continuation of use of education technologies during forced emergency conditions such as the COVID-19 pandemic? Based on these findings, we then share recommendations for education technology adoption in the HE sector.
Recetas de las Américas: Un estudio de caso del generador de sitios estáticos Hugo para la publicación bilingüe en la Web
Authors: Tew Sarah , Jerome Melissa
Published: September 2024

Los sitios web estáticos son prometedores para ampliar el acceso a la publicación a grupos a menudo marginados y para volver a conectar a los creadores digitales con los procesos y recursos utilizados para publicar su trabajo, pero no están exentos de desafíos, limitaciones y desigualdades. Aunque los sitios web estáticos ofrecen reducciones a los costes financieros y menor utilización de recursos, tienen el precio de una distribución desigual del trabajo, que suele recaer en el desarrollador técnico (Dombrowski 2022). Debido a la desigualdad lingüística en el software, la documentación y los propios lenguajes de programación, este trabajo se amplifica para los desarrolladores para los que el inglés no es su idioma por defecto.
Este artículo examinará hasta qué punto la publicación web con Hugo, un generador de sitios estáticos, desafía el dominio de la lengua inglesa en la publicación digital en humanidades y hasta qué punto lo perpetúa a través de un estudio de caso sobre la creación del sitio web estático bilingüe de recetas de periódico Recetas de las Américas, desarrollado por el US Caribbean & Florida Digital Newspaper Project (USCFDNP). En este artículo se presenta el USCFDNP y el material original de las recetas que aparecen en Recetas, se sigue paso a paso el desarrollo del proyecto y se evalúan los métodos y el software utilizados por su adhesión a los principios de computación mínima y su aplicabilidad a otros proyectos web multilingües de humanidades digitales (HD).
The Impact of Survey Response Rates on Research Validity and Reliability
Authors: Taherdoost Hamed , Madanchian Mitra
Published: September 2024

The response rate, which represents the number of individuals who answered the survey, is one of the factors that impact the validity and reliability of a research study. This chapter aims to investigate the factors that impact the response rate and acceptable values. A scoping literature review is conducted to investigate recent studies in different fields ranging from management to social science and information technology, to determine the ranges of response rates and the effect of factors to gain a higher number of responses. In business and management, the average response rate was 51.18%, while in information technology, it was 41.22%. Performance assessment studies had an average response rate of 50.83%, and in the management information system field, the overall average was 32.26%. Finally, in computer science, the average response rate was 56.55%.
A Mental Health Framework for Resilience in Children With Chronic Health Conditions
Authors: Argyriadis Alexandros , Katsarou Dimitra V. , Drakopoulou Olga , Argyriadi Agathi
Published: September 2024

Recent research trends highlight an increasing recognition of the need for specialized attention to students with chronic health problems. Adopting a systematic review approach, this chapter synthesizes findings from diverse studies published over the past decade. The synthesis of literature underscores the significance of tailored support systems and compassionate care in promoting resilience among students with chronic health problems. The findings emphasize the multifaceted nature of resilience-building strategies, ranging from school-based interventions to collaborative efforts involving educators, healthcare professionals, and families. In conclusion, this review advocates for a compassionate and holistic approach to supporting students with chronic health conditions. Understanding and addressing the unique needs of this student population are crucial for fostering resilience, ensuring their academic success, and enhancing overall well-being.
How Can Adults Talk to Children About War, Inspiring Them Towards Peace?
Authors: Perasso Giulia , Lillo Carmela , Anella Sandro , Viviano Giulia , Pisano Matilde , Vigogna Elena , Salemi Erika , Di Giuseppe Tania
Published: September 2024

This scoping review emphasizes the importance of understanding children's cognitive and socio-emotional capacities in navigating discussions about war and peace. Tailoring communication strategies to these developmental nuances enables meaningful dialogues between adults and children, fostering empathy and conflict resolution skills. Additionally, pedagogical interventions highlighted in the review aim to nurture peacebuilding skills among children, empowering them to contribute positively to their communities. In conclusion, by considering children's developmental needs and implementing effective communication and educational strategies, adults can play a crucial role in cultivating peaceful mindsets and behaviors in future generations.
Evaluate Recent Numerical Methods for Long-Term Simulation to Study the Effect of Different Shapes of Thermal Bridges in Walls
Authors: Omle Issa , Kovács Endre
Published: September 2024

According to previous studies, the most effective, stable, and explicit numerical methods to deal with problems of heat transfer in building walls are the two recently published approaches, which are the modified Dufort-Frankel and leapfrog-hopscotch techniques, which are used in this study to make transient and long-term simulations (three months of the winter season) of 2-D space systems that enable us to execute these simulations with relatively short computational times to evaluate the two most effective versions of these methods. Our solution to a real-world engineering challenge involves investigating thermal bridges of different forms inside multilayer walls of buildings exposed to environmental factors specific to Hungary's climate, such as the outside temperature and sun radiation, to improve energy efficiency. The distributions of temperatures and the total heat loss (across the walls) are calculated for all cases (three layers without a thermal bridge three layers with thermal bridges in straight, bent, and L-shaped shapes).
K-Epsilon Turbulence Model and Particle Swarm Optimization Technique to Estimate Multiple Atmospheric Emissions
Authors: Albani Roseane A.S. , Albani Vinícius V.L. , Salazar Juan Pablo C.L. , da Silva Neto Antônio José
Published: September 2024

Source identification techniques can provide source parameters estimations when sudden releases occur or the origin of long-term emissions. These methodologies can be based on optimization techniques or statistical inference, in the framework of the inverse problems. In this work, we propose a methodology based on the minimization of the Tikhonov-type functional, which accounts for the discrepancy between the observed and calculated concentrations also considering information about the source parameters for estimation. This functional is minimized to provide the source parameters using the Particle Swarm Optimization technique. A non-standard k−ϵ model was applied to solve the forward problem. The flow simulation emulated the Cedval A1-1 single-building experiment and the concentration distribution for two scenarios was synthetically produced by simulation. The proposed methodology was effective in identifying the source locations.
Effect of Microchannel Geometry on Thermal Performance of Microchannel Heatsinks: A CFD Study
Authors: Jawad Dhay Abd Al Hasan , Ahmed Sahib Shihab
Published: September 2024

This paper presents a comprehensive investigation into the thermal performance of microchannel heatsinks featuring varying geometries. The investigation was carried out utilizing computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations have demonstrated potential as a viable method for prognosticating system performance. This study involved the modeling and analysis of three primary microchannel heatsink configurations, namely uniform, convergence, and divergence, utilizing ANSYS package v.22.1. The study examined the various parameters that affect microchannel heatsinks and evaluated their thermal performance. The investigated case involved laminar flow through microchannels of varying cross sections in a heat sink, where the Reynolds number is equal to 129. Steady state flow, incompressible fluid, neglecting radiation and natural convection, constant characteristics, and negligible viscous dissipation were assumed in the study. The results emphasize the significance of microchannel geometry and flow configurations in augmenting heat dissipation. The results were subjected to numerical validation, which demonstrated a high level of concurrence with prior research. The reliability of the numerical model was validated, thereby substantiating its suitability for utilization in simulations. The convergence microchannel, specifically in Case no.2, and the divergence microchannel, specifically in Case no.7, exhibited optimal performance. In the second case, there was a notable average improvement rate of 35%, which suggests that the heat dissipation capabilities were superior. Cases 3 through 11 demonstrated favorable outcomes, with improvement rates varying from 2.7% to 30%. Conversely, Cases 12 and 13 exhibited less satisfactory results. In conclusion, this research highlights the importance of microchannel heatsinks in effectively addressing thermal issues in electronic systems. The utilization of convergence and divergence microchannel configurations, in conjunction with carefully selected geometric parameters, exhibits the potential for efficient heat dissipation.
Comprehensive Analysis Modeling of Small-Scale UAS Rotors
Authors:   NASA Ames Research Center, Russell Carl ,   NASA Langley Research Center, Sekula Martin
Published: September 2024

Multicopter unmanned aircraft systems (UAS), or drones, have experienced explosive sales volume and application growth in recent years. With this growth comes demand for increased performance as the limits of existing technologies are reached. In order to improve the design of multicopter UAS aircraft, better validated performance prediction tools are needed. This paper presents the results of a study aimed at using the rotorcraft comprehensive analysis code CAMRAD II to model a multicopter UAS rotor in hover. Parametric studies were performed to determine the level of fidelity needed in the analysis code inputs to achieve results that match test data. Overall, the results show that CAMRAD II is well suited to model small-scale UAS rotors in hover. This paper presents the results of the parametric studies as well as recommendations for the application of comprehensive analysis codes to multicopter UAS rotors.
Time-optimal Trajectory Planning for Landing Onto Moving Platforms
Authors:   Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Hu Botao , Mishra Sandipan
Published: September 2024

In this paper, an algorithm for time-optimal trajectory generation is developed for landing a 6 degree-of-freedom (DOF) quadrotor onto a moving platform (with tilt, heave and pitch). The overall control architecture has a standard guidance-and-tracking control inner-outer loop structure. The outer loop (guidance control) solves the time-optimal trajectory generation problem. Instead of directly solving the time-optimal control problem, the proposed method reformulates this into a nonlinear programming problem that transforms the constraints on the original system dynamics and inputs onto constraints on the system states. This transformation is based on the differential flatness property of the quadrotor dynamics. The proposed method is computationally efficient and can also incorporate the collision avoidance constraints. We further demonstrate that this time-optimal problem can be resolved at periodic intervals (if disturbances and unmodeled dynamics deviate the quadrotor from the optimal trajectory). For the inner loop, a trajectory tracking controller is also designed that can deal with system uncertainties and external disturbances that may affect the quadrotor's dynamics. Simulation and experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Low Reynolds Number Airfoil Evaluation for the Mars Helicopter Rotor
Authors:   NASA Ames Research Center, J. Witold , Romander Ethan , Johnson Wayne
Published: September 2024

The present research provides a performance comparison between several low Reynolds number airfoil profiles for the Mars Helicopter. The low density of the Martian atmosphere and the relatively small Mars Helicopter rotor result in very low chord-based Reynolds number flows, Re𝒸 = O(10³ - 10⁴). At low Reynolds numbers, flat and cambered plates can out-perform conventional airfoils, making them of interest for the Mars Helicopter rotor. Performance models are generated for the Mars Helicopter rotor based on a free wake analysis, and the results are compared with Mars Helicopter isolated rotor performance from previous work. A Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes based approach is used to generate the airfoil deck using OVERFLOW. The model is constructed using airfoil data tables (C81 files) that are used by the comprehensive rotor analysis code CAMRADII. Performance results for the Martian atmosphere show improved performance for the cambered plate rotor over conventional airfoils, in terms of thrust for equal power and Figure of Merit for equal blade loading. The cambered flat plate airfoil produces 7% larger maximum rotor thrust versus the Mars Helicopter airfoils, and 5% larger Figure of Merit over the design thrust coefficient range. Larger maximum thrust allows an increase of design blade loading for the same thrust range for control authority, whereas the larger Figure of Merit reduces power requirements.
Analysis of a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Coupled to a Flexible Rotor for Electric VTOL
Authors:   University of Maryland, Mills Brent , Datta Anubhav
Published: September 2024

Existing analyses of conceptual electric VTOL aircraft decouple the electric motor from the rotor for performance, loads and vibration analyses. Such analyses ignore transient dynamics effects that can potentially have significant effects on the rotor and power system design. In this paper, two methodologies are examined for the analysis of motor-rotor coupling in eVTOL aircraft. A simple equivalent DC model and a detailed 3-phase AC model to examine the effects of rotor inertia and motor control logic on motor response. The models are also coupled with a prescribed lag to examine the coupling between the motor and a rotor for variable torque.
Experimental Investigation of Aerodynamic Performance of a Novel Multirotor Tandem Wing Convertiplane UAV During Forward Flight and Transition
Authors:   Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Krishna M. , Gupta Sakshi , A. Abhishek , Das Debopam
Published: September 2024

This paper discusses the preliminary results from the experimental study of the aerodynamic performance of a novel multirotor tandem wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) during forward flight and transition to quantify the wing-wing and propeller-propeller interactions. The horizontal and vertical separations between the tandem wings are key design parameters for the current convertiplane configuration and are systematically identified through experiments performed in NWTF wind tunnel at Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur. For this a "half model" of the actual UAV wing is fabricated using 3D printing and tested at different wind speeds and angles-of-attack. For the baseline horizontal separation of 50% of wingspan and no vertical separation the ideal combination of wing setting angle is identified to be 3° for fore wing and 6° for the aft wing, as this combination offsets the downwash effect of fore wing on the aft wing with increased angle-of-attack and also takes advantage of the upwash of the aft wing to enhance the lift on the fore wing. A horizontal spacing equal to at least 50% of span is observed to give good performance for both the fore and aft wings. The vertical separation enhances the lift on the aft wing significantly. A vertical spacing of 30% of the wingspan helps minimize the interference between the wings and the propellers.